bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Self-Determination dan Flow Olahraga Pada Remaja
Authors: M. Farian Faijel  , Uswatun Hasanah  , Fatimah Azzahra Rayhani  , Amanda Damayanti  , Reni Apriyani Suratman  , Shabrina Putri Maesha  , Azfa Husna Khadijah
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh self-determination terhadap flow pada remaja yang menyukai aktivitas olahraga. Penelitian ini melibatkan beberapa variabel yaitu flow dan self-determination. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan teknik pengisian kuesioner melalui Google Form secara online. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 117 remaja dengan rentang usia 15-25 tahun. Metode analisis yang kami gunakan adalah metode deskriptif dan korelasi spearman menggunakan JASP 0.18.1.0. Skala yang kami gunakan adalah skala modifikasi flow dan skala modifikasi self-determination. Berdasarkan penelitian yang kami lakukan, kami menemukan: 1). Semakin tinggi self-determination seseorang, semakin besar kemungkinan ia mengalami keadaan mengalir. Pada penelitian ini diketahui P = 0,001 berada dibawah 0,05. Artinya ada hubungan antara arus & self-determination.2). Laki-laki memiliki self-determination yang lebih tinggi dan cenderung mengalami kondisi flow dibandingkan perempuan. 3). Rentang usia 20-25 tahun mempunyai kemandirian yang lebih tinggi dan cenderung mengalami kondisi flow dibandingkan dengan rentang usia 15-19 tahun.
Harmonizing Human-AI Synergy in Smart Cities: Exploring Emotion Understanding and Technology Anxiety in an Asian Context
Authors: Akhtar Shamim
Published: April 2024

Artificial Superintelligence (ASI) envisions AI surpassing human cognitive abilities, mimicking and developing its own thinking skills. However, this raises ethical and control issues, emphasizing the need for robust regulations in AI development. The prime objective of the study is to align aligning human intelligence with artificial superintelligence in smart cities. Particularly, the study has examined the mediating role of emotion-understanding ability, and the technology anxiety between AI and shared decision-making. This study investigates the relationship between emotional intelligence and decision-making in the Khon Kaen Smart City, Thailand. Data was collected from various financial institutions, including community and commercial banks, and managers working in the city. The largest and most developed province served as the primary focus of the study, and area cluster sampling was employed to obtain a representative sample of the province's varied population. A total of 297 out of the 700 questionnaires that were given to the seven different groups for the survey were filled out. Shared Decision-Making (SDM) and Emotion-Understanding Ability (EUA) were found to have a strong correlation in the study, which highlights the importance of emotional intelligence in decision-making due to the strong correlation between the two. This comprehension is especially helpful when artificial intelligence is used to improve decision-making processes. This highlights the significance of human factors, such as comprehension and emotion, in the process of developing effective decision-making framework.
Green HRM for Enhanced Environmental Performance: A Circular Economy Perspective Aligned with SDGs
Authors: Shah Syed Kashan Ali , Ali Zulfiqar , Rais Khirad , Petru-Cristian Negrea
Published: April 2024

This empirical inquiry explores the use of Green HRM as a strategic tool to improve environmental performance within the context of a circular economy. We chose 200 employees from the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) based on data from the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) index. The study employs Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS 4) to examine the relationship between organizational policies and the implementation of circular economy principles within the framework of Green HRM practices. This research is supported by the circular economy, which is defined as a fundamental change in thinking that promotes the reuse of resources, reduction of waste, and efficient use of resources. The SEM-PLS 4 approach is used to validate the theoretical framework that proposes that Green HRM practices provide a significant contribution to the promotion of circular economy initiatives, which in turn lead to considerable gains in environmental performance metrics. Moreover, this method is employed to evaluate the complex causal links in action. Policymakers and business leaders may facilitate the integration of Green HRM into sustainability programs by utilizing the study's findings. It is expected that human capital management will play a crucial role in achieving the circular economy paradigm. This research not only improves our understanding of how Green HRM affects sustainability, but also provides firms with a strategic roadmap for implementing circular economy models.
Relationship between phytoplankton community structure and environmental factors in Yinchuan City water
Authors: Ma Jixin
Published: April 2024

The freshwater ecosystem, formed through the interaction between biological communities and the environment, serves as a vital resource for sustainable human development. Phytoplankton plays a pivotal role in environmental monitoring and ecological assessment, serving as a biological indicator in water quality assessment. However, the rapid urban development poses a significant threat to aquatic ecosystems, leading to environmental changes that alter phytoplankton community structures and degrade ecosystem functions. The research on the phytoplankton community structure and its correlation with environmental factors in Yinchuan remains insufficient. Therefore, it is imperative for Yinchuan's water ecosystem to comprehensively understand the phytoplankton community structure and identify the driving factors influencing the water ecological environment.A survey of phytoplankton was conducted in 40 stations across the Diannong River Basin, Yuehai Wetland, Baohu Wetland, and Hequanhu Wetland in Yinchuan in April 2023. The results revealed the presence of seven phyla and 211 species of phytoplankton in Yinchuan. Bacillariophyta comprised the majority of observed species, followed by Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta, with a smaller proportion of other species distributed throughout. Key influencing factors included total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), dissolved oxygen (DO), and transparency (SDD). Significant disparities were noted in both the Simpson index and Pielou's evenness index of the phytoplankton community.
Comparative analysis of the community structure of macroinvertebrates in reservoir and river ecosystems in Jinan
Authors: Pu Tongxiao
Published: April 2024

The benthic fauna of the Jinan reservoir ecosystem and river ecosystem is dominated by Insecta species, followed by Gastropoda species, and the species of Insecta and Gastropoda are more in rivers than in reservoirs. Judging from the seasonal changes of benthic species in the two ecosystems, both showed a trend of high in spring and low in autumn. Judging from the changes in the density of benthic invertebrate in the water bodies of the two ecosystems, the total density of benthic invertebrate in the water bodies of the reservoir is low, and the monthly density changes are small, the total density of benthic invertebrate in the river ecosystem is higher than that in the reservoir ecosystem, and the density fluctuation is relatively large. The fluctuation range of benthic diversity in the reservoir ecosystem is smaller than that in the river ecosystem.
Investigation and analysis of the community structure characteristics of zooplankton in Zibo
Authors: Liu Hao , Zhu Peixun , Jin Yujun
Published: April 2024

In order to understand the water ecological environment and the characteristics of plankton community structure in the Zibo area, a survey and study of plankton was conducted in the Zibo Basin in the autumn of 2022. By collecting zooplankton from nine major rivers within the country, a total of 122 species were collected from four phyla. Among them, rotifers are the most abundant, with a total of 77 species, accounting for 63%; Next are protozoa, with a total of 24 species, accounting for 20%; There are a total of 11 species of cladocerans, accounting for 9%; There are 10 species of copepods, accounting for 8%. The average density is 229.58/L, and the average biomass of zooplankton is 2.1997mg/L. The Shannon Wiener diversity index for zooplankton is 3.35. The survey results show that the water quality in the Zibo section is generally in a light pollution state. It is recommended to take further effective measures to strengthen the environmental governance around the watershed, reduce the discharge of domestic sewage, and reduce human activity interference.
Effect of injection compound rolling process and curdlan gel on water retention of sauced beef
Authors: Lv Qihang , Liu Wendong , Xing Yanxia , Liu Sheng , Chang Guifang , Yu Yang , Cao Zhenling , Zhou Ying , Li Bo , Song Yue , Hou Wenbo , Zhu He , Zhu Mengliu
Published: April 2024

Research background and significance: Under the current development trend in the field of global food science and technology, consumers' requirements for food safety, nutritional value and sensory quality are increasing, prompting the innovation of food processing and preservation technology to become the core of the industry development. In the production of traditional food spiced beef, how to ensure the yield and quality of spiced beef is the focus of the spiced beef market. By adding edible glue can gain weight, thereby improving the yield, but previous studies have shown that carrageenan, seaweed extract and so on seriously affect the sensory quality of marinated beef, especially causing its juice oozing, colloidal attachments oozing and so on. Research content: Through the systematic study of the application of curdlan gel in the processing of brine injection spiced beef, the specific effects of curdlan gel on the water retention and sensory quality of spiced beef were discussed in this study. (1) Sensory optimization injection rolling composite curing process. The experiment was carried out with beef tendinous meat and a series of auxiliary materials, using fine processes and methods, including saline injection, rolling salting, cooking treatment, etc., and then conducting sensory evaluation. (2) Compare the quality difference of  curdlan gel 1 and 2. Determination of gel strength and optimization of water retention of stewed beef were carried out. Single factor ANOVA test was used to determine the optimal dosage of curdlan gel. The results showed that the water retention of beef with brine injection could be enhanced significantly when the dosage was 2%, respectively. Under the optimal process conditions, the sensory score of brined beef was 85.4 points. Through this study, important scientific and technological findings were obtained, which did not mean that the higher the concentration of curdlan gel, the better the water retention, on the contrary, the higher the concentration of its water retention would be affected but would decrease. This research not only expands the application range of curdlan gel in the food industry, but also provides new technical solutions and theoretical support for the innovation and development of meat processing technology, and meets the needs of consumers for high-quality meat products.
Influence of the addition of Curdlan gel on the textural properties of beef emulsified sausage
Authors: Shang Jianing , Liu Wendong , Xing Yanxia , Liu Sheng , Chang Guifang , Yu Yang , Cao Zhenling , Zhou Ying , Liu Sheng , Li Bo , Song Yue , Hou Wenbo , Zhu He , Zhu Mengliu
Published: April 2024

The aim of this study was to investigate the application of Curdlan gel in beef emulsified sausage, to optimise its process parameters and to improve its textural properties in order to provide a safer and healthier way of processing meat products. Cure time, chopping time and steaming time were selected as the influencing factors to find out the optimal process combination by orthogonal test. Subsequently, the effects of different additive amounts of CY-1 and CY-2 Curdlan gel on the texture of beef emulsified sausage were investigated, and a comprehensive texture evaluation model was established. Through orthogonal tests, the optimal process combination was found to be 60 min for cure time, 20 s for chopping time, and 40 min for steaming time, and it was found that the additive amounts of CY-1 Curdlan gel of 1.5%~2.25% and CY-2 Curdlan gel of 0.75%~1.5% could improve the texture of beef emulsified sausage significantly, and produce the beef emulsified sausage with good texture characteristics. The production of beef emulsified sausage with good textural characteristics provides a certain reference for the optimization and improvement of the processing technology of beef emulsified sausage.
Problems in Efficient Development of Clean Energy in Xizang
Authors: Liu Chengpeng , Wan Li , LUOSONGZEREN
Published: April 2024

As Xizang's economic development enters the new normal stage, the extensive and highly polluting production mode in the past no longer meets the needs of high-quality economic development in Xizang. Therefore, there is an urgent need to reduce the consumption of traditional fossil energy, develop low-carbon and clean green energy, optimize the energy structure, and promote green and sustainable economic development.
Bioinformatics analysis reveals the key factors affecting the progress of osteoporosis
Authors: Huang Hao , Tang Wenhao , Yang Chengliang
Published: April 2024

The incidence rate of osteoporosis is high, and patients usually have decreased bone density and increased risk of fracture, which seriously affects their quality of life. This study aims to reveal key biomarkers that affect the progression of osteoporosis through bioinformatics methods. This study selected the GSE91033 and GSE93883 datasets for analysis, and obtained differentially expressed miRNAs using the GEO2R analysis tool; Predicting potential miRNA target factors through miRDIP and conducting pathway enrichment analysis of target factors through DAVID database; Analyze the interaction relationships between target factors through the STRING database, and construct a protein interaction network and a miRNA mRNA interaction network. The results showed that 73 and 79 differentially expressed genes were obtained in the GSE91033 and GSE93883 datasets, respectively. Common genes included hsa-miR-4508, hsa-miR-660-5p, and hsa-miR-424-5p. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that downstream target factors of differentially expressed miRNAs involved PIK/AKT, Wnt, Hippo, MAPK, and NF-κB pathway is closely related to cell proliferation and differentiation, and also involves intracellular phosphorylation activity. Protein interaction analysis revealed that CCND1, WEE1, MAP2K1, BTRC, FGF2, AXIN2, PTCH1, CCND2, KIF5C, DYNC1I1 and PAFAH1B1 are node genes involved in the progression of osteoporosis. The miRNA mRNA interaction network revealed that hsa-miR-424-5p is a key factor affecting the progression of osteoporosis.
The apoptotic effects of progesterone and testosterone on colon cancer (SW480) cells
Authors:   Department of Biology, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran, Tishehyar Azita , Ahmadi Rahim ,   Department of Biology, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran, Mahmoudi Minoo ,   Department of Biology, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran, Mohamadnia Abdolreza ,   Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Published: April 2024

Introduction: The association of sex steroids with cancer cell proliferation has been reported in recent studies; however, the findings are still controversial. The present study aimed to determine the cytotoxic effects of progesterone and testosterone on colon cancer (SW480) cells and to evaluate the expression levels of Bcl-2 and Bax genes in SW480 cells. Materials and Methods: The SW480 cell line was divided into a control group (untreated) and groups treated with 125, 250, 500, and 1000 μg/mL of testosterone and progesterone. Cell viability was quantified by the MTT assay. qRT-PCR was performed to evaluate gene expression levels. Flow cytometry was used to assess the apoptosis in cancer cells. Data were analyzed using the student's t-test and ANOVA. Results: The expression level of the Bax gene significantly decreased in SW480 cells exposed to a cytotoxic dose of progesterone. Moreover, the expression level of the Bax gene significantly increased in the SW480 cells exposed to a cytotoxic dose of testosterone. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that testosterone might affect the apoptosis of colon cancer cells at low concentrations. Studies have shown that progesterone can induce tumor cell death in cancer cells. Accordingly, the clinical use of testosterone and progesterone therapy for cancer treatment is highly controversial.
Radiopharmaceuticals: Production, Physics, and Clinical Applications in Nuclear Medicine: A Short Review
Authors:   Radiology Department, Kabul University of Medical Sciences, Kabul, Afghanistan, Motahari Sayed Mahdi , Alemzada Fatemah ,   Jamal Alshifa Medical Institute, Kabul, Afghanistan
Published: April 2024

Introduction: The use of radioactive atoms in medicine is growing, particularly in nuclear medicine, where radiation is emitted from the body. Radiopharmaceuticals or radiotracers are artificial short-living radioisotopes labeled with special pharmaceuticals. There are around 1800 radioisotopes, but only around 200 are suitable for general applications. There are four methods for generating radioisotopes: reactor-producing, neutron activation, charged acceleration, and radioisotope generators. Cyclotrons are used to produce many other radioisotopes for medical applications. Physical and biomedical characteristics are crucial for radiopharmaceuticals for clinical use. Physical aspects include the type and energy of radiation, mother and daughter radioactive elements, purity, and half-life of radioactives. Biomedical considerations include easy adhesion to biomolecules, a dynamic time course in the body, toxicity, and high tissue targeting. Radiopharmaceuticals used in diagnosis differ from those used in therapy, with positron emission tomography (PET) using radioisotopes, and gamma-emitting radioisotope-labeled radiopharmaceuticals suitable for SPECT imaging. Over 90% of radiopharmaceuticals are used for diagnostic purposes. Conclusion: Nuclear medicine, as an inevitable part of modern medicine, follows different methods to create more effective diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals with respect to several physical and biological considerations.
Manajemen Guru Pendamping Khusus Di SDN 1.2 Belimbing Raya Kabupaten Tabalong
Authors: Astuti Sri Hartini
Published: April 2024

This research based on the reality in the field where in Tabalong Regency itself there is only one elementary school that provides a Special Assistant Teacher for children with special needs in the implementation of inclusive education, so the existence of GPK itself is very difficult to find. The role of GPK in implementation of inclusive education is very important because it is an integral part and supporting pillar in the success of inclusive education. The management of GPK is the same as the management of regular educators but there are some things that need to be considered, given their job is to accompany children with special needs. This research aims to find out how the management of special assistant teachers at SDN 1.2 Belimbing Raya. This is field research with a qualitative approach. The conclusion is that the existence of GPK supports the success of students with special needs not only in improving individual student learning experiences, but also helps create an inclusive and supportive learning environment for all children. Correct management of GPK is very important in ensuring that inclusive education runs effectively and comprehensively. Therefore, appropriate selection and placement, training and professional development, team collaboration, monitoring and evaluation, as well as open and clear communication. Considering the importance of GPK, it would be better for this GPK to have a psychology education background in special needs education.
Prevalence and presence of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in female breast cancer patients
Authors: Kayalı İlknur F. , Habiboğlu Rahşan
Published: April 2024

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate prevalence and clinical correlates of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in breast cancer patients
Methods: A total of 50 female patients with histopathological diagnosis of breast cancer were included in this prospective 6-month observational study. Data on patient age, anthropometrics, bioelectrical impedance analysis, physical activity level and blood biochemistry were recorded. Sarcopenia was assessed using preoperative computed tomography (CT) findings, while obesity in sarcopenic patients was identified based on BMI (Body mass index) and fat percentage values.
Results: Obesity, sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity was evident in 50%, 50% and 20% of patients, respectively. None of the parameters studied, including age, laboratory results, BIA (bioelectrical impedance analysis), or anthropometric findings, showed a significant correlation with the degree of sarcopenia in the overall study population, as well as in patients with sarcopenia and those with sarcopenic obesity.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that sarcopenia is prevalent in half of breast cancer patients before radiotherapy, with concomitant obesity in 40% of sarcopenic patients. Therefore, assessing body composition using CT imaging is essential to recognize sarcopenic obesity earlier and prevent the combined hazards of obesity and depleted muscle mass in breast cancer patients.
Before They hatch
Authors: Yaman Robert
Published: April 2024

New technologies, such as in-ovo sexing, on-farm hatching, and in-ovo vaccination can make the poultry supply chain both better for animal welfare and more efficient.
THE BATTLE OF CHALDIRAN: CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES
Authors: Azad Md. Abul Kalam
Published: April 2024

The general trajectory of Ottoman-Safavid relations during the 235 years period between 1501 and 1736 outstandingly marked by persisting hostility and military conflict with brief and rare intervals of tranquility. The Battle of Chaldiran that took place in 1514 was the first major Ottoman-Safavid military clash and it was an important event in the history of Islam. The battle tested the military strength of two Muslim powers of the time and ended in favour of the Ottomans. The battle occurred for a good number of reasons and finally it left a long lasting legacy for both the Ottoman empire and for the Safavid state. This article makes a humble attempt to critically present the battle of Chaldiran from a historical point of view. To that purpose, the article first addresses the points of contention that ultimately resulted in the armed clash between the Safavids and the Ottomans at Chaldiran. The article next looks into the devastating consequences of the battle.
ANALYZING THREE TYPES OF ERRORS IN BENGALI SPEAKING CHILDREN’S FIRST LANGUAGE ACQUISITION
Authors: Jahan Jennifar
Published: April 2024

Children go on to achieve remarkable cognitive feat in language acquisition. They demonstrate general knowledge and understanding of basic patterns in their language within the first few years of life. Children extend the meaning of words they hear by applying grammatical principles in new circumstances. Despite having this remarkable ability to learn and comprehend language at a young age, children make numerous errors and mistakes as their language knowledge and understanding grows. Overgeneralization, overextension and underextension are three common mistakes in early word use which are altogether mentioned as ‘developmental errors’ in psycholinguistics. In this paper these three types of errors will be presented through the analysis of data collected from young Bengali speaking children aged 1 to 2.5 years.
Research on health expenditure in Kazakhstan
Authors: ZHAO Fangzheng , CHE Jinfeng , Jiawei WEI , LIU Zhangchen , LI Jing , ZHENIS Aliya
Published: April 2024

Objective To understand and study Kazakhstan's resource planning and budget allocation in the field of health care through data related to Kazakhstan's health expenditure, to ensure the sustainable development of the health field between China and Kazakhstan, and to promote the medical and health undertakings among countries along the Belt and Road Initiative. Learn from each other's strengths and complement each other's weaknesses to promote cooperation. Methods Using the literature review method and comparative method, the per capita health expenditure in Kazakhstan and the other five Central Asian countries and China from 2001 to 2021 was compared with the proportion of GDP per capita, the proportion of self-pay expenditure in per capita health expenditure, and the total government health expenditure in the country. The proportion of GDP, per capita health expenditure and its proportion to per capita GDP, and the average actual growth average of per capita government health transfer expenditure and self-pay expenditure are compared with each other's medical and health security systems, health expenditures, national health levels and health resources. Results  From 2001 to 2021, Kazakhstan's per capita health expenditure accounted for per capita GDP fluctuated between 2% and 4%, while other countries had growth trends of varying degrees. China's growth trend was relatively stable; Kazakhstan's per capita out- of -pocket health expenditure grew on average. The value is the lowest, only 1.05%, and the growth of government health transfer expenditures is at a medium level; the proportion of Kazakhstan's self-pay expenditures in per capita health expenditures and the proportion of total government health expenditures in GDP are also at a medium level. Conclusion (a) Kazakhstan's medical and health security system has certain effectiveness, and China's medical and health security system also has its advantages. There is a need for in-depth cooperation and development between China and Kazakhstan. (b)Kazakhstan needs to maintain a low proportion of per capita health expenditure in per capita GDP. The low growth rate of self-pay health expenditure and the low proportion of self-pay expenditure in per capita health expenditure are conducive to maintaining social equity and social welfare levels. (c)It is necessary for Kazakhstan to increase investment in the health field, promote medical research and innovation, and deepen cooperation in the medical and health field with countries along the "Belt and Road".
Raising the Bar on Trauma Standards in Sri Lanka
Authors: dissanike sharmila
Published: April 2024

It is a great honor to write an invited Guest Editorial for the inaugural issue of the Sri Lankan Journal of Trauma. This initiative undertaken through the Sri Lankan National Trauma Secretariat will provide a valuable platform for the entire trauma team to showcase their research and academic efforts. Having recently seen some of the results of trauma patients cared for within the Sri Lankan health care system, it is abundantly clear there is already excellent clinical care being provided to trauma patients at the National Hospital, in collaboration with regional hospitals across Sri Lanka. It is exciting to see the Sri Lankan surgical community take this next step forward toward supporting scholarly efforts and research productivity in surgeons and others interested in elevating the academic and clinical standards of trauma surgery. Establishing trauma as a distinct academic surgical specialty will encourage those currently in training - the next generation of surgeons – to view trauma as a fruitful area of specialty focus; one that is clearly necessary and beneficial to a large number of patients across the country. Perhaps even more importantly, launching a journal synergizes with attempts to develop a comprehensive coordinated national trauma system, which is an essential step toward reducing the burden of injury in any country.
Learning satisfaction on the use of chatgpt among nursing students in selected higher education institutions in Sulu
Authors: Savellon Monafarrah , Baybayan Sherha , Asiri Masnona
Published: April 2024

This study determined the levels of learning satisfaction of nursing students in selected higher education institutions (HEIs) in Sulu with the use of Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT) during the academic year 2023-2024. Quota sampling (n=100) was used to sample the students from five different HEIs in Sulu each of them had equal 20 participants selected. An adapted five-point Likert-scale was used to elicit the responses from the participants. Findings indicated that the nursing students were highly satisfied on the usefulness and ease of use of ChatGPT in learning while moderately satisfied on its credibility, social influence, and privacy and security. Further analysis was conducted on the differences of satisfaction level of nursing students based on their demographic profile (i.e., age, sex, and year level). Inferential analysis indicated that somehow, the satisfaction levels of nursing students in terms of their age, sex, and year level were relatively equal. However, female students significantly differed their level of satisfaction compared to male in terms of the usefulness of ChatGPT in learning. These findings emphasized the importance of considering gender-specific factors, as well as maintaining a proactive approach to technology integration and evaluation in nursing education. By addressing these, educators can optimize the use of ChatGPT as a valuable tool for enhancing learning outcomes and student satisfaction in nursing programs.
Profil Terapi Antihipertensi pada Pasien Hipertensi dengan Komplikasi Tunggal
Authors: Kurnianta Putu Dian Marani , Darmiati Ni Komang Ari , Dhrik Mahadri , Yuliawati Agustina Nila
Published: April 2024

Hipertensi merupakan keadaan peningkatan tekanan darah sistolik dan/ atau diastolik yang membutuhkan upaya pengendalian untuk mencegah morbiditas dan mortalitas di tengah prevalensinya yang tinggi di Indonesia, termasuk di Bali. Kontrol hipertensi untuk memperlambat perburukan penyakit berupa komplikasi organ dilakukan berdasarkan algoritma tata laksana. Intervensi farmakologi berperan besar dalam terapi hipertensi, terlebih akibat keragaman pemilihan antihipertensi yang diberikan pada pasien hipertensi dengan komplikasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan profil penggunaan antihipertensi pada pasien hipertensi dengan komplikasi tunggal di salah satu rumah sakit umum swasta “X” Gianyar berdasarkan peresepan pada periode Januari-Desember 2019. Desain cross sectional diterapkan dengan pendekatan retrospektif non eksperimental terhadap data sekunder yang bersumber dari rekam medis sesuai kriteria inklusi. Data yang diikutsertakan dalam penelitian ini memenuhi persyaratan jika melibatkan pasien hipertensi rawat jalan dewasa dengan satu macam komplikasi yang menjalani pengobatan sama pada minimal dua kali peresepan secara berturut-turut. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif dengan penyajian berupa tabel dan diagram. Dari sejumlah total 108 pasien hipertensi, kejadian komplikasi yang paling banyak dialami adalah diabetes melitus (50,00%). Kombinasi dua jenis antihipertensi berbeda paling sering ditemukan pada seluruh pasien (45,40%). Antihipertensi golongan angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) dan calcium channel blocker (CCB) kelas dihidropiridin mendominasi profil penggunaan obat pada penelitian ini, baik pada monoterapi maupun terapi kombinasi (≥20%). Profil antihipertensi pada pasien yang diteliti menunjukkan pola yang cenderung taat pada algoritma terapi, sehingga kesesuaian obat ini perlu dievaluasi lebih lanjut terkait hasil kontrol tekanan darah pasien pada periode pengamatan yang lebih lama.
Pengaruh Metode Ekstraksi terhadap Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Singkil (Premna corymbosa Rottl. et Willd) dengan DPPH secara Spektrofotometri UV-Vis
Authors: Jubaidah Siti , Wijaya Heri , Safira Alya , Ramadhan Muhammad Marwan
Published: April 2024

Daun singkil (Premna corymbosa Rottl. et Willd) merupakan salah satu tumbuhan yang mengandung senyawa flavonoid, yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan. Metode ekstraksi yang tepat akan menentukan banyaknya jumlah bahan aktif yang didapat dalam suatu ekstrak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui aktivitas daun singkil berdasarkan perbedaan metode ekstraksi yaitu maserasi, refluks dan soxhlet.Penelitian yang dilakukan bersifat eksperimental dengan tahapan dimulai dari pengumpulan bahan baku, determinasi tumbuhan, pembuatan simplisia, pembuatan ekstrak dengan metode maserasi, refluks dan soxhlet menggunakan pelarut etanol 70%, dan pengujian aktivitas antioksidan dengan DPPH (1,1-Difenil-2-Pikrilhidrazil) secara spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Analisis data yang dilakukan menggunakan statistik Kruskal-Wallis.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dengan uji Kruskal-Wallis nilai signifikan (0,180) > nilai p-value 0,05 maka perbedaan metode ekstraksi tidak berpengaruh terhadap aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak daun singkil. Hasil aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak daun singkil pada metode maserasi 40,56 ppm, refluks 41,59 ppm dan soxhlet 35,66 ppm. Aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak daun singkil termasuk sangat kuat.
Editorial
Authors: Ahmed Tahera
Published: April 2024

Dear Members of Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics
Greetings! Hope all of you are keeping safe and having vaccines in this pandemic situation. Many have been affected either directly or through the sufferings of family and friends. In spite of all these we are going ahead. Let us all hope   and try for a bright future.
This issue of BJB looks into the relationship between Bioethics and terminally ill patients.
The Shift of Dignity in Terminally Ill Patients
Authors: Sugiyono Imanuel Eko Anggun , Dewi Puri Swastika Gusti Krisna , Padmawati Retna Siwi
Published: April 2024

Objectives: When the illness becomes acute, the patient will be burdened physically and psychosocially. Three factors could affect their dignity: illness-related dignity, dignity conserving repertoire, and social dignity inventory. This research aims to describe the dignity shifting experiences of the terminally-ill patients based on their families’ opinions. If the health care workers aware and realize this shifting, it will help them to give care for the terminal ill patients. Methods: This research was a phenomenological study as a part of bigger study carried out in a Catholic hospital in Indonesia. The subjects for this research were the families of terminally ill patients. They were interviewed to know what kind of shifting happened in their families’ members. Result: Being sick and hospitalized was a shift of dignity. According to the families interviewed, being patients in the hospital everybody that they knew was visiting and watching them laying on the bed. Patients expressed their feelings that they were “such a performer”; not strong enough and ready to welcome guests because of the condition, or they felt not comfortable and always wanted to go home. Other patient felt that she was very dependent and not used to be served by nurses in a hospital. The patient was strong before, but during the illness, she became and was so weak. In another case, one patient somehow kept her dignity by telling her sister to continue running the business. Every day she told her sister to do the job properly, like a business as usual, as if she did not want to loose her dignity. Conclusions: There are various stages and shifting happening during the illness. Some patients felt that the illness weaken their physical body and social relations. Some others tried to conserve their mental condition after the illness. The healthcare workers should be aware, paid attention and be trained to this dignity shifting. The care needs to be adapted and given considerably according to the patients.
Human Embryonic Moral Status in the Embryo Research Debate from the Indian Religious School of Thoughts
Authors: Mitra Piyali
Published: April 2024

Human embryonic moral status in the embryo debate in the Indian religious school of thoughts is a challenging issue. The paper tries to figure out whether ontological status implies moral status of embryo. Consciousness is an important determinant of animation of human embryo. In this paper an attempt had been made to understand the concept of man and soul in the Hindu philosophical thought. In the process we would also make a critical review of embryology in the Hindu philosophical thought. The study would adopt a conceptual elucidation of morality. The paper made an elaborative study of Puruṣa as found in the Saṃkhya Philosophy and the study of consciousness and animation would try to resolve the related question, when does life begin to have that value? Embryo-protectionist regards embryos as a potential person. The Gita says the human person is individual self-called āttmā, whose nature is of pure consciousness, Brahman/Puruṣa. Consciousness constitutes the essentiality of individual Self. Human embryo developments are elaborately studied in the Yajñavalkya Smṛti, Garbha Upaniṣad, and Suśruta Saṃhitā. The self that remain latent in the embryo gets impetus with the association of consciousness until then it cannot be a human personality. In Hinduism sanctity of life gets combined with autonomy and self-determination. The sanctity of life applies both to the fetus as well as to the overall welfare of the society. The embryo being in an interim stage and the soul not being destroyed upon body annihilation, it may be claimed that since destruction or annihilation of the physical form does not destroy the soul, beneficial embryo research should thus not be abhorrent. The Hindu ethics as examined here precludes the consideration of the situation at hand, and causing the least harm and work according to one’s dharma.
The Challenge of Genetic Engineering to the Spirituality and Morality of Human Destiny in the Traditional Yoruba Concept of Àdáyébá
Authors: Dasaolu Babajide Olugbenga
Published: April 2024

With the colossal strides recorded in the arena of Genetic Engineering, conviction in Orí, among traditional Yorùbás, as the bearer of an individual’s destiny and life course among the Yorùbá wanes. Through critical analysis and hermeneutical interpretation, the present study scrutinizes the relation between physiognomy and destiny in traditional Yorùbá idea of Orí. The cumulative traditional Yorùbá allegorical account depicts Òrìṣàńlá as the primordial divinity casting Ara (human body) from clay or sand; Olódùmarè, the Higher God, providing Ẹ̀mí (life-force) and Àjàlá, another primordial divinity, the maker of Orí (destiny) which must be acquired pre-natally. Hence, it seems on first showing, that it is impossible for the Yorùbá, as portrayed in the allegory, to believe in Orí, on one hand and genetically modified individuals on the other hand. As a consequence, this paper proposes to reconstruct a type of Orí acquisition that is consistent with Yorùbá thought system and loyal to the overwhelming and undeniable achievements of Genetic Engineering.
The church and genetically modified food in Nigeria: An ethical appraisal
Authors: Emeka C. Ekeke
Published: April 2024

The church in Nigeria does not seem to know the trend in food production where genetically modified food has taken hold of global agriculture. Pastors and Priests seem blank on what is happening, either because of ignorance, carelessness, or due to lack of biblical basis on which to teach or formulate policy. Despite these, the Christian populace in Nigeria is not left out in the onslaught of genetically modified organisms and foods as they continue to consume these products. This paper ethically appraises the role of the church in raising awareness and educating her adherents on the issues surrounding genetically modified food in Nigeria. Following qualitative and Christian ethical approaches, the paper argues that Christian churches in Nigeria should establish a committee that will study and advise them on the harmless foods for consumption in Nigeria.
Bioethics of Medical Professionals’ Perceptions on Delirium during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Natarajan Anandakumar
Published: April 2024

COVID-19 patients with hospital delirium exhibit high level of metabolic problems (low level of sodium concentration) and severe anxieties of psychotic problems were observed during the COVID-19 pandemic period. In this qualitative study, researcher explored, the perceptions of medical professionals such as, doctors, nurses, laboratory technicians, microbiologists, and other healthcare workers regarding delirium during COVID-19. Interviews and field notes were collected from the Karur Government Medical College Hospital, Karur, Tamil Nadu, India. Most of the professionals observed that the ICU psychosis affected patients with dementia problems in the COVID-19 pandemic. The patients were affected by delirium with COVID-19 infection is higher prevalence than delirium without COVID-19 infection. Further, the patients exhibited a number of other diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and other ailments had correlation with delirium diseases. Denying some services to the delirium patients would be an infringement of their basic human rights. This research report witnessed by the ethical value of medical professionals in Karur Government Medical College Hospital, India, during the COVID-19 pandemic period.
Teenager’s Mental Health Status During COVID-19 in Bangladesh
Authors: Turna Tribenee Mithila , Lasker Shamima Parvin
Published: April 2024

The outbreak of COVID-19 might not have a homogeneous dispersion of its own adverse consequences. Adolescents in the least developed country including Bangladesh who are already underprivileged or fragile predicted to suffer substantial damage and mental health disorders during COVID-19.  Adolescents and their families might suffer significantly from a variety of mental health pressures like mood disorders, anxiety, stress, loneliness, depression, and suicidal tendency for children. A systemic literature review throughout PubMed, Google Scholar, and Medline was done to evaluate the research, which covered the years between 2020 and 2022. This manuscript emphasizes how COVID-19 harms children’s mental health. Finally, suggestions for parental care, and mental health care for young children are given.  Future studies will concentrate on how well age-appropriate, evidence-based mental health services work.
Research Ethics and Pragmatic Context: An Exposition
Authors: Osuchukwu Caroline Nonye , Danjuma Christiana
Published: April 2024

Like research itself, research ethics involves and as well requires language use with all levels of linguistics analysis. Pragmatics is one of the levels used for (re)presenting research activities and ethics. Regrettably in the course of representing research activities and ethics pragmatically, some misrepresentations arise. Leaning on some secondary sources of data, this study seeks to describe how context impacts on research ethics. The study is anchored on Grice Conversational Theory of Implicature, which highlights the implication of violating research ethics and what context implies in research. The analysis demonstrates that research ethics is both context-specific and general. Next, context is proven to be the base of pragmatic misrepresentation in research ethics. It also shows that pragmatic misrepresentations amount to ethical violations in research ethics and beyond. The study concludes that there is a correlation between research ethics and pragmatics, made manifest basically by context.
Syntactic Rules and Research Ethics: A Critical Exposition
Authors: Eucharia Ngozi Nwosu
Published: April 2024

It is quite worrisome that syntactic norms and values, which ideally guide the arrangement of words, phrases, clauses and other lexical categories, are not strictly upheld and followed by many researchers and even research bodies. That implies violating some basics of research ethics. This study rises to make a critical exposition of syntactic rules in research ethics, which are often violated. Relying on observation and secondary data, the study demonstrates that poor knowledge and negligence of syntactic rules largely accounts for the violation of syntactic rules in research works by researchers and many concerned research bodies. It shows that unacceptable grammatical structures have grave implications for the overall given research work. Also, phrase structure rules correlate with interpretative rules, just as syntax and semantics also correlate. The study concludes that since language is rule-governed, the violation of syntactic rules in research work implies the violation of language rules and research ethics. The study is anchored on the syntactic theory of Universal Grammar, which explains how standard syntactic rules and research ethics are universal, and must be followed in order to have acceptable and correct sentences and research.
Public Facilities for Better Health and Urban Plan
Authors:   Professor of Anatomy, Secretary
            General, Bangladesh Bioethics Society, Lasker Shamima Parvin , Hossain Arif ,   Professor & Course
            Co-coordinator, International Affairs and Human Rights, Etrat University, Vice
            President, Bangladesh Bioethics Society
Published: April 2024

Lack of physical activity is one of the main cause of obesity. Currently,
scientists proposed that teenagers and women are overweight or obese than men in
Bangladesh. Furthermore, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are becoming more prevalent in
Bangladesh. By 2050, the illness burden of non-communicable diseases will have a
significant impact on the health budget. To reduce non-communicable diseases, physical
activity is one of the options. However, the lack of public facilities for physical
activities in each community is a concern. According to the Department of Military
Estate Administration, Central Circle, DOHS (Defense Officers' Housing Scheme) has a
total of 2966 plots and 396.6327 acres of area (640 acres =1 square mile) including 5
DOSH in Bangladesh. However, each DOHS has all the public facilities including
structures streets, parks, walking paths, squares, gyms, cultural and sports grounds,
walkways, waterfronts, lakes, mosques, cafeterias, public toilets, sitting areas for
elderly or passersby, etc for physical activities specially for women, children, and the
disabled people. Gulshan, Baridhara, Banani, and Dhanmondi areas are other good examples
from Bangladesh where dwellers specially, women and children have facilities for
physical activities. Sangmoo Kim, urban specialist said, “it is not over-ambitious
thinking to have public facilities; it is a basic need for each city dweller for a
healthy life”. This report aims to explore what are the policy drawbacks of the
Government of Bangladesh not providing public facilities to perform physical activities
in each area.
Penerapan Algoritma Decision Tree dalam Klasifikasi Data “Framingham” Untuk Menunjukkan Risiko Seseorang Terkena Penyakit Jantung dalam 10 Tahun Mendatang
Authors: Raharja Agung Rachmat , Jayadi  , Pramudianto Angga , Muchsam Yoki
Published: April 2024

Heart disease is one of the deadliest diseases in Indonesia and in the world, many of the sufferers do not know the risk of heart disease. This research will analyze and identify factors that will affect the risk of heart disease. With the decision tree algorithm approach which is one of the methods of machine learning that can produce predictive models based on a series of logical decisions. The application is done by classifying framingham data to assess the risk of heart disease in the next 10 years. The result is a Decision Tree model used to predict the risk of heart disease based on the Framingham dataset. The model achieved 74% accuracy on the test data