bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sobre gramáticas emocionais e violência sexual. Notas a partir de dois casos de interrupção legal de gestação realizados por mulheres com deficiência intelectual
Authors: Simões Julian
Published: July 2019

Neste artigo buscarei explicitar como as estratégias de acesso aos direitos sexuais e reprodutivas de mulheres com deficiência intelectual em situação de violência sexual são elaboradas por um idioma moral articulando dor, sofrimento e vitimização. A partir de uma pesquisa empírica realizada no Ambulatório de Violência Sexual de uma cidade do interior de SP, apresentarei dois casos de interrupção legal de gravidez. Um deles é realizado por uma garota de 13 anos e o outro por uma mulher de 27 anos, ambas com deficiência intelectual. O intuito é colocar em análise as técnicas de regulação e controle social operadas no entrecruzamento da prática médica e da prática jurídica. Também é objetivo refletir as ambiguidades e os paradoxos do reconhecimento de pessoas com deficiência intelectual como sujeitos de direitos sexuais e reprodutivos. Por fim, intentarei indicar que a vitimização expõe um processo ambivalente de garantia de direitos e de impossibilidade do exercício desses mesmos direitos.
A Inclusão e suas práticas aspectos socioantropológicos da produção de materiais pedagógicos inclusivos para Surdos
Authors: Gediel Ana Luisa Borba , Mourão Victor Luiz Alves , Miranda Isabela Martins
Published: July 2019

O cenário da expansão de políticas públicas que ocorreu nas últimas décadas pressionou por um conjunto de novos arranjos nas instituições educativas tendo em vista a inclusão de pessoas com deficiência. O presente artigo tem o objetivo de descrever o trabalho de elaboração de materiais didáticos para a inclusão de uma pessoa Surda em uma instituição de ensino superior. Nos interessa refletir acerca da reflexividade e dos conflitos envolvendo os pontos de vista dos profissionais de diferentes áreas de especialidade que atuam na Unidade de Ensino à Distância para o processo de elaboração dos materiais e as ações institucionais que conformam essa conjuntura. Acessamos os agentes envolvidos a partir da metodologia de redes e pontuamos os principais elementos norteadores e transformadores do processo. Entendemos que as políticas públicas são de extrema importância para gerar oportunidades de mudança e observamos a complexidade na delimitação e efetivação de ações para atender à diversidade socialmente existente, e que as transformações que suscitam ultrapassam o âmbito dos seus destinatários explícitos.
Optimizing Social Media Data Using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Das Sourav , Kolya Anup Kumar , Das Dipankar
Published: July 2019

Twitter-based research for sentiment analysis is popular for quite some time now. This is used to represent documents in a corpus usually. This increases the time of classification and also increases space complexity. It is hence very natural to say that non-redundant feature reduction of the input space for a classifier will improve the generalization property of a classifier. In this approach, the researchers have tried to do feature selection using Genetic Algorithm (GA) which will reduce the set of features into a smaller subset. The researchers have also tried to put forward an approach using Genetic Algorithm to reduce the modelling complexity and training time of classification algorithm for 10k Twitter data based on GST. They aim to improve the accuracy of the classification that the researchers have obtained in a preface work to this work and achieved an accuracy of 87% through this work. Hence the Genetic Algorithm will do the feature selection to reduce the complexity of the classifier and give us a better accuracy of the classification of the tweet.
Entrepreneurship as a Career Choice for Women
Authors: Aybas Meryem , Özçelik Gaye
Published: July 2019

Entrepreneurship is seen as an important tool in the prevention of women's unemployment and in the fight against poverty in underdeveloped and developing countries. Entrepreneurship becomes particularly obligatory for many women to substitute a kind of employment to provide additional income to the family. Drawing on Bowen and Hisrich's a career perspective to women's entrepreneurship and the context of a successful entrepreneurial career of a woman in Turkey, this chapter aims to discuss women's entrepreneurship by focusing on the reasons as to why women might choose entrepreneurship as a career choice. Another contribution is to provide a platform aimed at encouraging the mindset for the development of women's employment and entrepreneurship. In this context, the chapter provides explanations for the reasons for women's entrepreneurship within the push and pull factors. Furthermore, the main demographics of women entrepreneurs, their general personality characteristics, the sectors they operate in, and the difficulties they face are discussed.
Women's Participation in the Labor Market
Authors: Özçelik Gaye
Published: July 2019

The issue of gender disparity regarding women's participation in the labor force has generally been lower than that of men all around the world. While the rates of labor force participation have been on the rise for many Western European countries due to their longstanding policies, the rates remain lower, with a much slower increase, in the Europe and Central Asia region, which Turkey is considered to be a part of, according to the regional categorization of the World Bank. The issues of institutional and socio-cultural dynamics need to be taken into consideration to explain the comparatively lower female labor force participation rate (LFPR) in the ECA Region, including Turkey, which, in fact, falls behind the ECA countries. Drawing on available data pertaining to women's LFPR, this chapter aims to provide integrated institutional and socio-cultural explanations regarding women's access to education, family policies, participation in unpaid work, and child care.
Researching Sensitive Topics
Authors: Tepe Fatma Fulya
Published: July 2019

This is a methodological chapter, discussing various reasons why sexism and gender discrimination at Turkish universities might be a sensitive topic for research and how to overcome the obstacles associated with researching such a sensitive topic. The reasons why sexism and gender discrimination might be a sensitive topic for research include the research participants' possible identification with a victim position in a sexist environment and a resulting loss of self-esteem on their part as well as the university management's potential disapproval of having one of its faculty interviewed about perceptions of sexism. In this study various research methods are discussed and evaluated, ranging from various forms of snowballing to more randomized ways of finding participants. One tentative conclusion of the present study is that research on sexism and gender discrimination at the university requires the support of powerful academics willing to function as key persons.
Silenced, Shamed, and Scatted
Authors: Jones V. Nikki , Dopwell Donna M. , Curry Lauren C.
Published: July 2019

The African American experience is grounded in a strong religious tradition that does not adequately address sexual violence against women. This chapter offers perspective on how religiously-motivated heterocentric-patriarchy marginalizes Black female sexual trauma survivors. Recommendations are informed by Black feminisms in order to support culturally congruent practice. These interventions emphasize Black women's lived experience, raise awareness of multilevel oppression, and foster the empowerment of Black women. Basic treatment considerations for African American female trauma survivors and their support systems are provided.
Breaking Silence Through Gender Jihad
Authors: Al-wazedi Umme
Published: July 2019

With the advent of the #MeToo movement many Muslim women are naming their abusers now—both in the US and internationally. First, it has opened the door for re-studying the orientalist approach to portraying Muslim women's bodies, and to challenge and critique the idea that Muslim women's complaints against Muslim men complicate race relations in the aftermath of the war on terror in the US and France. Second, this movement has created such movements as the #MosqueMeToo movement and has given birth to a very needed phase of Public Feminism that criticizes Muslim patriarchy. This chapter critically analyzes several documentaries and fictions written and directed by Muslim women and argues that this movement gives an opportunity to Muslim women to speak out against their abusers; it has given freedom to councilors in faith-based institutions and other not-for-profit organizations to talk about sexual assaults—a much needed community service that was previously unavailable.
Municipal Solid Waste Management
Authors: Raghavi K.  , Anie Gincy V. G.  , Rajesh Banu J.  , Dinesh Kumar M.
Published: July 2019

Smart city technology evolved with the developments in wireless sensor networks (WSN) and the internet of things (IoT). IoT-based waste management is an advanced waste management system offered in smart cities. The practice of monitoring, transporting, and processing of solid waste are included in the waste management. Litter bins play an indispensable role in the waste collection process at the primary level. The process of monitoring litter bins would become difficult for the ones placed at out of reach areas and remotely located sites. Smart litter bin (SLB) is generally embedded with different types of sensors where used for sensing the garbage levels and locating the bins location. Radio frequency identification (RFID), sensors, global positioning systems (GPS), general packet radio service (GPRS) are the components in smart waste management system and are discussed in this chapter. These components were used to monitor the collection, transportation, processing, and dumping. This chapter also focuses on the perception of IoT architecture to upgrade waste management in smart cities.
Air Quality Monitoring Using Internet of Things (IoT) in Smart Cities
Authors: Doctor Gayatri , Patel Payal
Published: July 2019

Air pollution is a major environmental health problem affecting everyone. An air quality index (AQI) helps disseminate air quality information (almost in real time) about pollutants like PM10, PM2.5, NO2, SO2, CO, O3, etc. In the 2018 environmental performance index (EPI), India ranks 177 out of 180 countries, which indicates a need for awareness about air pollution and air quality monitoring. Out of the 100 smart cities in the Indian Smart City Mission, which is an urban renewal program, many cities have considered the inclusion of smart environment sensors or smart poles with environment sensors as part of their proposals. Internet of things (IoT) environmental monitoring applications can monitor (in near real time) the quality of the air in crowded areas, parks, or any location in the city, and its data can be made publicly available to citizens. The chapter describes some IoT environmental monitoring applications being implemented in some of the smart cities like Surat, Kakinada.
Integrating E-Learning in the Teaching of English Language Classes
Authors: Masters Shimey Shawna
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this research was to investigate how the integration of e-learning in the teaching of English Language could benefit teachers and students at the high school level. This study was done using mixed methods in the form of an exploratory sequential action research where an exploration of teachers' experiences who used e-learning strategies in the teaching of English Language classes was observed and assessed to identify successes and challenges. A total of 15 teachers were trained to use e-learning approaches to improve the teaching and learning process and provided with a training manual after revising the literature relating to the problem. This was accomplished in the study, and an evaluation of the impact was conducted. The findings revealed that the teachers commenced integrating the technologies in their classes and that they are utilizing the strategies that they were exposed to in the training process.
Ethical Issues With the Use of Social Media in the Connected Business World
Authors: Shafiq Ali
Published: July 2019

With the dawn of social media, the world of communication and interaction changed tremendously. It transformed altogether many other aspects of life – businesses, education, philanthropy, to name a few. However, with a phenomenon of such grand proportions came the associated problems of comparable stature. This chapter deals with some of the most compelling problems which social media brought. It highlights how these problems occur, their consequences, and what should be done to minimize the effects. It is hoped that after reading this chapter the users of social media will exercise caution; the practitioners will play a more responsible role while the theorists will be able to propose novel but practical solutions to these problems.
The Meaning of Quality in Online/Blended Courses to American and Malaysian Administrators, Faculty, and Students
Authors: Smidt Esther , Cheong Cecilia Yin Mei , Dachroeden Emily , Kochem Timothy
Published: July 2019

This article compares two studies, investigating administrator, faculty, and student perceptions of quality in online/blended courses conducted in two different contexts, namely (1) two midsize public universities in the United States, and (2) a college in a public university in Malaysia. The research question explored in both studies was: What is the meaning of “quality” in an online/blended course to administrators, faculty, and students? Survey data from the three constituents in both contexts were obtained. Qualitative data analysis revealed the top 7-8 quality features of each context as ranked by number of references. The results revealed similarities and differences in the rankings of the quality features between constituents and between contexts. Similarities suggested that different constituents had different priorities with regards to quality features while differences appeared to be based on where each institution was on their distance education trajectory. These findings should be considered and reflected on in online course design, teaching strategies, and student support.
EFL Instructors' Perceptions Regarding Conducting Action Research
Authors: Khalil Eftima
Published: July 2019

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in teachers' professional development through action research and teachers are expected to be engaged in action research. Thus, this study aimed to explore the perceptions of Turkish EFL teachers regarding conducting action research in their classrooms. The participants were 16 Turkish EFL teachers who enrolled in Master of Art (M.A) specialized in English Language Education at a private university in Istanbul, Turkey. The data was collected by means of a questionnaire consisting of two sections to deeply investigate the impacts of action research on the EFL teachers. The results revealed that teachers have positive attitudes towards action research. Even though certain barriers do exist such as lack of time, lack of knowledge, and lack of support from other teachers, the teachers believe that they have grown both personally and professionally through their experiences as teacher researchers. Teachers in this study also described steps that could be taken to make action research more effective and widespread.
Gender factor in the structure and conduct of the cocoa industry in Nigeria
Authors: Akinola G. O.
Published: July 2019

The study examined gender differentiation of tasks and responsibilities and evaluated the level of success and/ or failure among men and women in cocoa marketing in the study area using primary and secondary data collection.The study revealed that there was gender discrimination against women in access to credit due to their inability to provide collateral security. It was also found that the major marketing problems faced by cocoa marketers included those of pricing, finance, transportation, activities of fraudsters and high cost of marketing. The study also revealed that the structure of the industry did not seem to have contributed to the observed barriers to entry features. The problems preventing new entrants into the industry within the past few years included those of transportation, unstable price (unforeseen fall in Cocoa prices), access to loan or problems created by banks by charging what was considered to be too high bank interest rates on loan. These are without prejudice to their volume of trading.The study concluded that female cocoa marketers in Ondo State possessed tremendous ability to succeed in the business if only their opportunities to credit facilities and capital could be enhanced.
Perceptions of graduates regarding workplace expectations: An exploratory study
Authors: Smith E. E. , Krüger J.
Published: July 2019

This article outlines the results of a study which investigates the perceptions of graduates regarding workplace expectations. A literature study provides a theoretical foundation which explains the nature of graduates’ workplace expectations. An empirical survey was conducted, using a self-administered questionnaire, which was completed by prospective graduates at two tertiary institutions. This sample was selected in terms of the proposed restructuring of higher education institutions. Eleven null-hypotheses, investigating relationships between the dependent and independent variables, are tested by means of specific statistical methods, such as analysis of variance and correlation coefficients. The results showed highly significant differences between workplace expectations of graduates (dependent variables) and classification data (independent variables). Specific guidelines are provided to ensure the creation of more realistic graduate expectations before entering the workplace.
The effect of ethical values on transformational leadership and ethical climate in organisations
Authors: Engelbrecht A. S. , Van Aswegen A. S. , Theron C. C.
Published: July 2019

Ethical leaders are ultimately responsible for developing a strong and sustainable ethical climate in organisations. Ethical values and the ability to influence followers to internalise these values have become prerequisites for effective leadership in modern organisations. Although ethics, leadership, and values have received much attention, there has been little coordinated effort to integrate transformational leadership with ethical climate and ethical values. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a theoretical model to explain the structural relationships between these variables in the South African business context. The results revealed that altruism influences transformational leadership positively, and that transformational leadership in turn has a positive effect on ethical climate. Some support was also found for the proposition that integrity moderates the effect of transformational leadership on ethical climate.
The impact of the information search variables, time pressure and involvement, on buying behaviour in a three-dimensional hypermedia computer-mediated environment
Authors: Nelmapius A. H. , Boshoff C. , Calitz A. P. , Klemz B. R.
Published: July 2019

The Internet has the potential (through enormous computing and data processing capabilities and the overcoming of the physical retail constraints of limited time and space) to change the way that modern-day business is being conducted. The potential of the Internet is, however, not always translated into actual retail sales.Currently product information on Web sites is mainly, with a few exceptions, of a two-dimensional nature. This study specifically investigates aspects of consumer behaviour within a three-dimensional hypermedia environment, as opposed to the two-dimensional environment. The role of a sub-set of consumer behaviour variables (time pressure and consumer involvement), as potential barriers to the more frequent use of a three-dimensional Computer-Mediated Environment (CME) as an alternative retail-shopping environment, is empirically assessed.In broad terms the objective of this study was to assess whether manipulating information availability in a CME environment influences consumers’ online shopping behaviour.The results show that there is a negative relationship between shopping time pressure on the one hand and the time spent shopping on the other hand, in an Internet shopping environment without price and information displays (p < 0.05); an Internet shopping environment with only price displays (p < 0,01) and an Internet shopping environment with only product information displays (p < 0,001). There is, however, no relationship between time pressure and consumer involvement regardless of the information available to the Internet shopper.
The factors perceived to influence the retention of information technology workers
Authors: Gaylard M. , Sutherland M. , Viedge C.
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study was to identify the most important variables for retaining information technology workers as their turnover has a range of negative consequences for their employing companies. Data was collected from 239 IT workers across three continents by means of an electronic questionnaire-based survey. The data was then subjected to a number of statistical analyses including factor analysis. The research established that the three factors perceived to most affect the retention of IT workers are, in order of importance; equity and enablement for high performance, a liberated and empowered culture, an effective and interactive communication channel between management and the employees.
“The old order changeth, yielding place to new “
Authors: Beenhakker Jo
Published: July 2019

No abstract available
A Framework for IoT Sensor Data Acquisition and Analysis
Authors: Balakrishna Sivadi , Thirumaran M. , Kumar Solanki Vijender
Published: July 2019

In the current scenario, around 35 billion Internet of Things (IoT) devices is connected to the internet. By 2025, it is predicted that the number will grow between 80 and 120 billion devices connected to the internet, supporting to generate 180 trillion gigabytes of new sensor data that year. The IoT sensor data is generated from various heterogeneous devices, communication protocols, and data formats that are enormous in nature. This huge amount of sensor data is unable to acquire and analyze manually. This is a significant problem for IoT application developers to make the integration of IoT sensor data automatically. However, the large amount of data has led to the inadequacy of the manual data acquisition and stressed the urgency into the research of IoT based frameworks in automatic. In this paper, we have proposed a framework for IoT sensor data acquisition and analysis (FSDAA). The FSDAA has been implemented on the ThingSpeak IoT Cloud platform for data analysis and visualizations, and compared with the state of the art schemes. Finally, the results show that the proposed FSDAA is efficient in terms of Accuracy, Precision, Recall, and F-measure.
Independent Analysis of the Dorr Classification of Proximal Femoral Morphology: A Reliability Study
Authors: Wellman Samuel S , Attarian David E , Thiele Ramon A Ruberte , Krynetskiy Evgeny
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study was to assess the inter- and intraobserver reliability through visual perception of a previously described classification system of proximal femoral morphology. The interobserver reliability ranged from slight to moderate across testing. Experience appears to play a role as the intratester reliability did not differ with fellowship trained attending physicians, but differences were seen with junior- and senior-level residents. The diversity of the proximal femoral morphology likely represents a continuum rather than three distinct shapes. This may imply that for many proximal femoral canals, characterization of a single type may not be possible. Further research is warranted to determine the clinical significance of these findings.

Jennings JM, Thiele RAR, Krynetskiy E, Wellman SS, Attarian DE, Bolognesi MP. Independent Analysis of the Dorr Classification of Proximal Femoral Morphology: A Reliability Study. The Duke Orthop J 2016;6(1):12-16.
From the Head Office
Authors: MR Srinivasan
Published: July 2019

How to cite this article

Srinivasan MR, Rajasekaran M. From the Head Office. J Oper Dent Endod 2016;1(1):2.
Vitamin B12 and Holotranscobalamin Levels in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy Patients
Authors: Noorjahan Mohammed , Madhavi Kandregula , Priscilla Chandran , Jabeen Shaik A
Published: July 2019

Diabetic neuropathy is the most common and debilitating microvascular complication leading to nontraumatic amputations. Identifying the role of vitamin B12 in the etiology of neuropathy is crucial because simple vitamin B12 replacement may reverse neurologic symptoms if confirmed. Large proportion of vegetarians and patients on metformin have been associated with lowering of vitamin B12 levels. We have undertaken study on 60 vegetarian subjects between the age of 30 and 60 years, 20 healthy controls, 20 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who were on metformin with peripheral neuropathy (DMWN), and 20 diabetics without peripheral neuropathy (DMWON). Vitamin B12, homocysteine, and folate levels were measured, and holotranscobalamin (holoTC) is also included, to improve the diagnosis of tissue vitamin B12 status, as holoTC is the biologically active fraction and more sensitive index of vitamin B12 status than total vitamin B12 itself. Complete history and clinical evaluation for neuropathy and electroneuromyography were recorded.

Results

In the DMWN group, vitamin B12 levels were significantly higher than in the DMWON group and controls [1013 (564-1501) pmol/l, 387 (245-731) pmol/l, and 305 (234-472) pmol/l respectively]. Similarly, serum holoTC was also found to be significantly higher in the DMWN [203.8 (129-300) pmol/l] group compared with the DMWON [94.4 (42.2-230.6) pmol/l] group and controls [74 (40-170) pmol/l]. Whereas mean levels of homocysteine and folate did not show any significant difference between groups, significant increase in fasting blood sugar and HbA1c was seen in the DMWN group compared with DMWON group and controls. Duration of diabetes is also significantly more in DMWN group compared with DMWON group.

Conclusion

We found that vitamin B12 and holoTC levels were high in patients with DMWN and DMWON groups compared with controls. Our study demonstrated that peripheral neuropathy was not associated with vitamin B12 deficiency in diabetics. These findings merit further research on a larger population to investigate into the cause of diabetic neuropathy, the factors involved, and benefit of vitamin B12 supplementation in these patients.

Key messages

Vitamin B12 status has no association with diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

How to cite this article

Noorjahan M, Madhavi K, Priscilla C, Jabeen SA. Vitamin B12 and Holotranscobalamin Levels in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy Patients. Indian J Med Biochem 2016;20(1):16-20.
Diagnostic Correlation of Findings of Multidetector Computed Tomography and Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in Lung Masses
Authors: Gupta Rudraksh , Gupta Sanyukta , Mishra Hemant Kumar
Published: July 2019

Introduction

The multidetector computed tomography helps to differentiate between benign and malignant lesions.

Materials and methods

In the present study, 50 patients with the lung masses underwent computed tomography (CT) of chest followed by fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) these patients referred from medical and chest out patient department (OPD) and indoor patient department (IPD).

Results

A total of 36% in males and 10% in female patients belong to 61 to 80 years and 41 to 60 years respectively male to female ratio 2.8:1. The smoking has approximate 36% association with 35% in males and 1% females. In malignant group, 32% were squamous cell carcinoma followed by adenocarcinoma (18%), metastases (16%) poorly differentiated carcinomas (12%) small cell carcinoma (6%) and large cell carcinoma (2%).

Conclusion

The study concludes that combination of CT and CT-guided FNAC give the final diagnosis of the lesion with extension of lesion.

How to cite this article

Gupta R, Gupta S, Mishra HK. Diagnostic Correlation of Findings of Multidetector Computed Tomography and Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in Lung Masses. J Mahatma Gandhi Univ Med Sci Tech 2016;1(1):15-19.
Professionalism as a part of Medical Curriculum: Need of the Hour
Authors: Saxena GN , Dubhashi Siddharth P
Published: July 2019

Professionalism in medicine can be viewed as contact between the medical professional and the society. There are no established methods of teaching and valuating professionalism in the traditional medical curriculum. Inculcation of values of medical professionalism requires integration of value and behavior among faculty, non-teaching staff, postgraduate and undergraduate students. Teaching can be enhanced using experimental learning. Various methods include case-based learning, hidden curriculum, role plays, peer-assisted learning. Medical teachers act as role models for students. Assessment should foster an environment for change. There should be an effective feedback and an opportunity for continuous improvement.

How to cite this article

Dubhashi SP, Saxena GN, Sharma S. Professionalism as a part of Medical Curriculum: Need of the Hour. J Mahatma Gandhi Univ Med Sci Tech 2016;1(2):39-41.
To find the Efficacy of Therapeutic Laser for Piriformis Syndrome
Authors: Ojha Surendra , Jailiya Chandan
Published: July 2019

Introduction

Excessive static and dynamic muscle work/action of the piriformis causes Piriformis syndrome (PS). The sciatic nerve runs on bilateral side of posterior hip or thigh just closed to piriformis muscles or sometimes just passes through it. In case of PS, patients feel sharp radiating pain and paresthesia and muscle weakness in lower quadrants of limbs including low back, hip, and ankle.

Aims and objectives

The aim of the study was to compare and observe the effect of light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation (LASER) therapy and ultrasound therapy in case of PS. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of laser therapy for the physiotherapy rehabilitation to restore range of motion (ROM) of lower limb and decrease pain and disability in PS.

Materials and methods

Thirty patients were taken for this study. The mean age in group I and group II were 28.2 ± 5.116 and 29.93 ± 4.793 respectively, and the patients were referred from orthopedic outpatient physiotherapy department of Mahatma Gandhi Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. The duration of study was of 3 weeks. Baseline measurements of pain intensity, lower extremity functional disability, and ROM of all the subjects were measured using the visual analog scale (VAS), Lower Extremity Functional Scale, and goniometer respectively, and recorded as per test data for statistical analysis.

Results and conclusion

The results have shown that clinically there is a significant difference in the subjects treated with low-level laser and ultrasound efficient in treating pain, ROM, and function in subjects with PS. Between-the-group comparison of values of VAS readings for pain was found to be statistically significant (0.0001) for ROM, but was not found statistically significant for function.

How to cite this article

Ojha S, Jailiya C. To find the Efficacy of Therapeutic Laser for Piriformis Syndrome. J Mahatma Gandhi Univ Med Sci Tech 2017;2(1):14-17.
Pharmacognostical and Phytochemical Exploration of Merremia aegyptia (L.) Urb. Leaf
Authors: Patel Minautee R , Roy Sudipta , Harisha CR , Shukla Vinay J , Acharya Rabinarayan
Published: July 2019

Background:

Merremia aegyptia (L.) Urb. belongs to the family Convolvulaceae. It is locally known as panch pan ni fudardi or Gariyavel by the people of Gujarat. Ethnomedicinally, leaves of M. aegyptia are claimed to be used in the management of shotha, vrana, etc. Though traditionally it is a well-known plant but no proper scientific evaluation of its pharmacognostical character and preliminary phytochemical analysis has been reported till date.

Materials and method:

The present study has been carried out to establish the standardization of leaf of the plant through its macro- and microscopical characters, physicochemical analysis, alkaloids, tannin, saponin and other qualitative tests, and chromatographic study per the standard procedure.

Result and discussion:

The macroscopic study showed that leaves are 12–15 cm in length, 10–12 cm in width, reticulate venation, and a petiole of 8–10 cm long. Leaves transverse section (TS) showed the presence of trichomes, collenchyma, and vascular bundles. Powder microscopy of the dried leaves showed the presence of paracytic stomata on the lower epidermis and unicellular trichomes of the epidermis, rosette, and prismatic crystals of calcium oxalate. The analytical study shows the presence of alkaloids, tannins, and carbohydrates. The high performance thin layer chrometography (HPTLC) study showed three spots at 254 nm and five spots at 366 nm.

Conclusion:

The observed data can be helpful to identify and standardize the leaf of M. aegyptia (L.) Urb.
Isotopic characterization of nitrogen oxides (NOx), nitrous acid (HONO), and nitrate (NO3−(p)) from laboratory biomass burning during FIREX
Authors: Chai Jiajue , Miller David J. , Scheuer Eric , Dibb Jack , Selimovic Vanessa , Yokelson Robert , Zarzana Kyle J. , Brown Steven S. , Koss Abigail R. , Warneke Carsten , Hastings Meredith
Published: July 2019

Abstract. New techniques have recently been developed to capture reactive nitrogen species for accurate measurement of their isotopic composition. Reactive nitrogen species play important roles in atmospheric oxidation capacity (hydroxyl radical and ozone formation) and may have impacts on air quality and climate. Tracking reactive nitrogen species and their chemistry in the atmosphere based upon concentration alone is challenging. Isotopic analysis provides a potential tool for tracking the sources and chemistry of species such as nitrogen oxides (NOx = NO + NO2), nitrous acid (HONO), nitric acid (HNO3) and particulate nitrate (NO3−(p)). Here we study direct biomass burning (BB) emissions during the  Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments Experiment (FIREX, later evolved into FIREX-AQ) laboratory experiments at the Missoula Fire Laboratory in the fall of 2016. An annular denuder system (ADS) developed to efficiently collect HONO for isotopic composition analysis was deployed to the Fire Lab study. Concentrations of HONO recovered from the ADS collection agree well with mean concentrations averaged over each fire measured by 4 other high time resolution techniques, including mist chamber/ion chromatography (MC/IC), open-path Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (OP-FTIR), cavity enhanced spectroscopy (CES), proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer (PTR-ToF). The concentration validation ensures complete collection of BB emitted HONO, of which the isotopic composition is preserved during the collection process. In addition, the isotopic composition of NOx and NO3−(p) from direct BB emissions were also characterized. In 20 stack fires (direct emission within ~ 5 seconds of production by the fire) that burned various biomass materials, δ15N-NOx ranges from −4.3 ‰ to +7.0 ‰, falling near the middle of the range reported in previous work. The first measurements of δ15N-HONO and δ18O-HONO in biomass burning smoke reveal a range of −5.3 – +5.8 ‰ and +5.2 – +15.2 ‰ respectively. Both HONO and NOx are sourced from N in the biomass fuel and δ15N-HONO and δ15N-NOx are strongly correlated (R2 = 0.89, p
The weather behind words – new methodologies for integrated hydrometeorological reconstruction through documentary sources
Authors: Gil-Guirado Salvador , Gómez-Navarro Juan José , Montávez Juan Pedro
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Historical climatology has remarkable potentialities to
produce climatic reconstructions with high temporal resolution. However,
some methodological limitations hinder the spatial development of this
discipline. This study presents a new approach to historical climatology
that overcomes some of the limitations of classical approaches, such as the
rogation method or content analysis: the Cost Opportunity for Small Towns
(COST). It analyses historic documents and takes advantage of all sorts of
meteorological information available in written documents, and not only the
severest events, to therefore overcome the most prominent bottlenecks of
former approaches. COST relies on the fact that using paper is very costly,
so its use to describe meteorological conditions is hypothesised as being
proportional to the impact they had on society. To prove the validity of
this approach to reconstruct climate conditions, this article exemplarily
uses the Municipal Chapter Acts of a small town in southern Spain (Caravaca de
la Cruz), which span the 1600–1900 period, and allows reconstructions to be
obtained on a monthly basis. Using the same documentary source, the three
approaches were used to derive respective climate reconstructions, which
were then compared to assess climate signal consistency and to identify
possible caveats in the methods. The three approaches led to a generally
coherent series of secular variability in the hydrological conditions, which
agrees well with previous study results. The COST approach is arguably more
objective and less affected by changes in societal behaviour, which allows
it to perform comparative studies in regions with different languages and
traditions.
Key Technology Research on Quality Inspection and Evaluation of Orthoimage Used in China's National Land Survey
Authors: Shang Yaoling , Zhao Yousong , Ma Wei , Wu Xuan , Wang Jindong , Luo Fujun , Yan Qingqing , Xu Yongmin
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The third national land survey is based on orthoimages with the results of the second national land survey to investigate the land classification, area and ownership of the national land in order to comprehensively understand the status of land use and land resources changes, and to improve the level of delicacy management for national nature resources. Therefore, an important task to ensure the completion of the third national land survey is to the develop a set of technical methods applicable to the quality inspection on orthoimage of the third national land survey.In view of the inapplicability of the existing inspection standards and technical methods of traditional basic surveying and mapping results on the orthoimage quality inspection of the third national land survey, The paper analyzes the orthoimage production characteristics and quality need of the third national land survey, improves the inspection quality elements, sampling strategy, inspection methods, evaluation methods and quality problem handling based on the existing inspection standards and technical methods by pilot, and puts forward the corresponding inspection standards and technical methods to promote the quality inspection of orthoimage on the third national land survey.Compared with the traditional method, the application of this method in 2865 inspection of county-level’s orthoimage of the third national land survey which covers the whole china, shows that, its inspection index is more reasonable, the inspection process is more scientific, the inspection efficiency is more efficient, and the direct cost of inspection is saved by 31%.
Building-network: Concept, generation method and centrality analysis
Authors: Wang Xiao , Burghardt Dirk
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Buildings are among the most important features of cities. In the suburban or rural regions, buildings are normally constructed along the roads, which forms the smooth and consistent patterns so that the building arrangements also can be described with network models. In previous studies, network theory has achieved good performance in cartography and GIS. In this paper, a study of a building-network is proposed, including the concepts, generation methods and centrality analysis. Firstly, with the constraint Delaunay triangulation and the refinement strategy by facing ratio, the building-network is generated by considering the buildings and the proximal segments as the nodes and segments of the network, respectively. Then, centrality analysis is applied on the building-network, aiming to reveal the crucial relationships among buildings, which is useful for understanding the structural properties of the complex network. Four different centrality measures, i.e. degree, closeness, betweenness, and eigenvector centrality, are calculated based on the building-networks. The buildings show different distribution effects and patterns under the four centrality measures. From the results, the degree centrality reveals the local centre of the region; closeness and eigenvector centrality have the ability to cluster buildings into different groups; while betweenness centrality can detect the linear patterns. Therefore, using network theory to analyse buildings can reveal some inner relationships of buildings and has great potential in the application of building pattern detection, classification, clustering and further generalization.
Dynamics of lake area on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau from 2000 to 2015
Authors: Che Xianghong , Feng Min , Liu Jiping , Wang Yong , Sun Qing
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The distribution of lakes in space and its change over time are closely related to many environmental and ecological issues, and are important factors that must be considered in human socio-economic development. In this paper, the water detection method is utilized to derive monthly water bodies, and then a seed set expansion approach was explored to extract lakes larger than 0.1 km2. Since lakes number and size can effectively reflect the distribution characteristics of water bodies, their change of the number, area and distribution are analyzed. The results shows there is a prominent power exponent relation between lake size and lake number for the Qinghai-Tibet plateau (QTP), which is similar to existing analysis of global scale. The number density of medium size of lakes on the QTP is higher than other types of lakes. The number of lakes displayed a decreasing trend from 2000 to 2015 with the R2 of 0.41. There was an increasing trend with an increasing rate of 356.86 km2/year (0.72%). Specifically, 46.54% of lakes area are increasing, and mostly distributed in Alpine grassland and shrub woodlands zone of the central Tibetan plateau. Shrinking lakes mostly with the area less than 10 km2 are situated on the woodland and shrub and grass areas in south-eastern Tibet. Finally, the analysis of monthly lake area of four lakes at the source of the Yellow River demonstrates the lakes area of each month from June to September witness an increasing trend, and the largest increasing rate is on June, which has a strong seasonality.
Exploring Urban Dynamics from Bluetooth Tracking Data: A Case Study of Austin, Texas
Authors: Yuan Yihong , Mills David
Published: July 2019

Abstract. In recent decades, the growing availability of location-aware devices, such as Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers and smart phones, has provided new challenges and opportunities for policy makers to analyze, model, and predict human mobility patterns. However, previous studies on Bluetooth technologies have mainly focused on applying Bluetooth data to analyzing traffic and optimizing transportation networks or deploying new Bluetooth devices in civil engineering. The use of such datasets in understanding urban dynamics and real-time land use patterns is rather limited. This study develops an extendable workflow to explore urban dynamics from Bluetooth data based on a case study in Austin, Texas. We identified similar mobility patterns in different areas of Austin during various study periods, including the Memorial Day long weekend in 2016 and a national musical festival (South by Southwest). Our main goal is to prove the efficacy of this specific workflow and methodology to understand urban dynamics based on real-time Bluetooth data. The hypothesis is that Bluetooth data is sensitive to the daily patterns of human interactions and movements on the individual level, therefore it can capture detailed dynamic patterns. The proposed research also validates new concepts such as “human sensing” and “social sensing” in the field of geography and spatial sciences, which introduces new opportunities to monitor the human aspects of social life.
Reproducible Workflow for Cartography – Migrants Deaths in the Mediterranean
Authors: Giraud Timothée , Lambert Nicolas
Published: July 2019

Abstract. As any scientific production, maps must be disputed and debated. The implementation of reproducible processes based on free software and open data is essential. In this paper, we demonstrate that this objective can be achieved in the R software ecosystem. In our demonstration, we propose a set of cartographic visualizations based on the example of dead and missing migrants in the Mediterranean over the period 2014–2018. Each representation focuses on one aspect of the phenomenon and the R code used is available. We argue that this multi-visualization contributes to bring new knowledge on the migration debate at European borders and aims at illustrating its geographical complexity.
From third-person to first-person cartographies with immersive virtual environments
Authors: Hruby Florian
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Recent cognitive research indicates that immersive virtual reality (VR) systems can increase the impact of visualization products through the formation of spatial presence, defined as a sense of “being there” in a virtual place. These findings make VR a highly interesting tool for cartography, but challenge the subject’s self-conception in different regards. The present article aims at highlighting the fundamental characteristics of geovisualization with immersive environments. We will approach the challenge of 1:1 representation with a typology borrowed from video game theory, where players can experience games from a first-person or third-person perspective. These two categories provide a useful framework to describe the basic difference between non-/low- and high-immersive geovisualization. In order to project the first- vs. third-person metaphor from a gaming to a cartographic mapping context, we will try to semiotically express the general process of map use in form of a triadic sequence, where the representation mediates between users and geospatial phenomena. Compared with common cartographic products, this mediation process is fundamentally different in VR systems, as immersive applications merge map user and map space. A set of future research questions and further considerations on first-person cartography will close the text. These considerations on first- vs. third-person visualization shall facilitate a conceptually better integration of IVE into current cartographic theory and practice.