bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Policy Factors in the Decline of U. S. Agricultural Imports in the MENA Region
Authors: Busireddy Ishaan
Published: October 2024

The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region stands on a global pivot point, impacting the world through its diverse political and economic dynamics. While often recognized for its complex challenges, the region's food security remains surprisingly under-considered, even though it carries significant global repercussions. This research focuses on a concerning trend: the decline of U.S. agricultural exports to MENA, potentially jeopardizing regional stability and impacting global food systems. While EU competitiveness is acknowledged, this research delves deeper than mere identification of competitors such as the EU, dissecting the interplay of their advantages – superior pricing and yields – against the U.S. approach from a policy-perspective. The paper’s ultimate goal is to highlight how the US has suffered from out-competition from the EU, not simply MENA countries’ diversification, leading to the latter’s collapse as a source of staple crop importations, in order to prevent such drastic changes in the future as the same trend in other industries could provide much more devastating for the US. This analysis can impact US policy and inspire a shift towards more sensible and outcome-oriented spending policies.
Prevalence of Kidney Dysfunction and Its Relationship with Components of Metabolic Syndrome in a Hospital Setting
Authors: Uche Ibezim Harmony , Omua Eboreime-Oikeh Imesidayo , Sylvia Oikeh Oikigbeme , Oluwasegun Egunjobi Tunde
Published: October 2024

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined by a set of components including hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and central obesity. Despite the well-established association between MetS and chronic kidney disease (CKD) whose prevalence is on the increase, significant gap remains in our understanding of the relationship between kidney dysfunction and individual components of MetS, particularly in Nigeria. The objectives were to determine the prevalence of kidney dysfunction among adults with MetS and to examine the relationship of key components of MetS with kidney dysfunction using a cross-sectional study of randomly selected hospital outpatients with MetS. Kidney function was assessed using estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed and statistical significance was set at p < .05. The mean age of the 75 study participants with MetS was 53.33 ± 13.94 years. Females constituted 65.3% and males, 34.7%. The prevalence of kidney dysfunction (eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m²) was 36.0%, with no significant difference between genders. The key components of MetS that significantly correlated with kidney function were blood pressure, serum high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and triglyceride. The same components independently predicted kidney function. To conclude, the study highlights the considerable burden of kidney dysfunction among adults with metabolic syndrome in Nigeria. Hypertension and dyslipidemia were the components of metabolic syndrome significantly associated with kidney dysfunction. Screening, early detection and targeted interventions including lifestyle modification and appropriate drug management are crucial to mitigate the impact of metabolic syndrome on kidney health, to improve health outcomes and to reduce CKD burden.
DIAGNÓSTICO E MANEJO DA HIPERTENSÃO PULMONAR
Authors: Anne Karoline Tomé Briglia  , Maria Carolina de Oliveira  , Larissa Silva Guimaraes  , Rafael Ruschel Rodrigues  , Victória André de Magalhães  , João Vitor Kravzuk Gomez  , Luiza Racim Munhoz  , Ariele Cristina Souza Santos  , Beatriz Barros Rasia  , Natalia Rodrigues Fagundes
Published: October 2024

A hipertensão pulmonar pode ser causada por várias patologias como doenças cardíacas, pulmonares e condições hereditárias ou  idiopáticas. Sua fisiopatologia de forma geral  é caracterizada pelo aumento da pressão arterial nas artérias que levam sangue aos pulmões. Pode ser diagnosticado através de exames como raio-x ecocardiograma, cateterismo cardíaco. A abordagem depende da causa subjacente e da gravidade da doença, mas pode incluir medicamentos vasodilatadores, anticoagulantes e oxigenoterapia. Este estudo trata-se de uma revisão sistemática de literatura com o objetivo de descrever o diagnóstico e manejo da hipertensão pulmonar.
Empowering Local Tourism Stakeholders: A Muslim-Friendly Approach to Sustainable Geo-Tourism in Langkawi’s UGGp
Authors: Saffinee Siti Syahirah , Jamaludin Mohammad Aizat
Published: October 2024

The halal tourism industry is growing rapidly and is estimated to reach a value of $300 billion by 2030. However, it is crucial that this growth is sustainable and respects the cultural and religious beliefs of the Muslim community. A qualitative study was conducted to examine the current practices of tourism stakeholders in Langkawi UNESCO Global Geopark (UGGp) regarding sustainability in Halal tourism. The study used ATLAS.ti to analyze interview transcriptions and identify current practices. The study’s findings provide recommendations for tourism stakeholders to promote sustainable tourism that aligns with Islamic values. It is essential for the government, private sector, local communities, and academia to collaborate to ensure that Muslim friendly tourism as a branding used to be developed in a way that benefits all stakeholders and the environment. This study highlights the importance of working together to achieve a sustainable Muslim friendly travel industry.
Role of SarA in Staphylococcus aureus: A Virulence Target For Therapeutic Strategies
Authors: Kuai Yi He , Law Jodi Woan-Fei , Ong Yong Sze , Letchumanan Vengadesh , Lee Learn-Han , Tan Loh Teng-Hern
Published: October 2024

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection gives rise to significant morbidity and carries a grave prognosis, resulting in the demise of approximately 21.8% of afflicted individuals on a yearly basis Staphylococcus aureus has the capability to induce a myriad of diverse diseases, a phenomenon attributed to its extensive array of virulence factors and formation of biofilms. The regulation of key virulence determinants, crucial for pathogenicity, is intricately controlled by the staphylococcal accessory regulatory (sarA) system. SarA plays a crucial role in the pathogenic mechanisms of S. aureus and the development of biofilms, while simultaneously modulating the synthesis of multiple virulence factors and influencing the expression of specific colonization determinants, and mutations in sarA partially limit the extent of S. aureus biofilms formation. In this review, we present an overview of the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of sarA gene expression, with a particular emphasis on its relevance in the development and sustenance of antimicrobial resistance, along with in the processes of biofilm formation and activation of virulence genes in MRSA. This review demonstrated that suppressing the expression of sarA gene exerts a notable impact on both biofilm development and the pathogenicity of MRSA strains, thereby offering a hopeful approach to the efficient management and treatment of MRSA infections.
Beyond chromosomal rearrangements: The expanding landscape of gene fusions and chimeric RNAs
Authors: Khan Sangeen , Tang Yue , Song Zhenguo , Chen Xi , Wang Lijun , Zhang Chengjuan , Qin Fujun
Published: October 2024

BCR–ABL, the pioneering gene fusion resulting from chromosomal translocation, has marked a major milestone in understanding genetic alterations in cancer. Initially, gene fusions were linked solely to chromosomal rearrangements, serving as diagnostic markers and cancer drivers. However, advancements in high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics have revealed additional mechanisms underlying gene fusion. The term “gene fusion” primarily refers to fusion events at the DNA level, whereas “chimeric RNA” encompasses a wide range of transcripts containing exons from different parental genes, including gene fusion transcripts. Recent developments have identified numerous chimeric RNAs in various cancer types, extending even to non-cancerous tissues. Chimeric RNAs, originating from events such as trans-splicing, read-through, and intergenic splicing, form a complex landscape with varied functions. While some chimeric RNAs have defined roles and therapeutic potential, a comprehensive understanding of their diverse functions remains a priority. Exploring the full spectrum of chimeric RNA activities is crucial for revealing their clinical and therapeutic implications. In addition, chimeric RNAs are key players in tumorigenesis, affecting cellular processes, and driving cancer progression. Understanding their intricate interactions with cellular pathways is essential for developing targeted therapies and precision medicine approaches. The dynamic nature of chimeric RNAs highlights the need for ongoing research to fully harness their diagnostic and therapeutic potential.
The gendered division of household labor and decision-making in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Modiri Fateme , Sadeghi Rasoul , Rahimi Ali
Published: October 2024

The division of labor and decision-making within households is highly influenced by gender norms and resource allocation. However, there has been a marked shift away from traditional gender roles in domestic tasks and decision-making in recent years. This study examines the division of domestic responsibilities, childcare, and decision-making within households, as well as the socioeconomic factors that influence these dimensions in Iran. Data come from the “Survey of Married Lifestyle,” which included 1736 married people aged 18 years and over in Tehran, selected through a multi-stage random sampling process. The results reveal that while women are increasingly involved in decision-making, they still primarily shoulder the burden of household chores and childcare. Factors such as women’s education and income, as well as men’s education and dual-earner status, are key determinants of the division of labor in households. Social policies that focus on enhancing women’s access to education and economic opportunities are crucial for promoting gender equality and empowering women in household decision-making.
Korupsi dan Transparansi
Authors: Hartono Hartono , Mulyana Momon
Published: October 2024

Transparansi menjadi kunci dalam upaya pencegahan dan pemberantasan tundak pidana korupsi (tipikor). Tanpa adanya transparansi, tindakan korupsi sulit untuk terdeteksi dan diatasi. Data dan informasi yang jelas, akurat, dan dapat diakses oleh publik akan mendorong akuntabilitas para pejabat pemerintah. Namun, implementasi transparansi sering kali dihadapkan pada berbagai tantangan, seperti budaya birokrasi yang tertutup, lemahnya penegakan hukum, dan minimnya partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengawasan. Rumusan Masalahnya yaitu bagaimana pengaturan transparansi yang ada saat ini berkontribusi dalam pencegahan korupsi? Dan bagaimana hambatan yang dihadapi dalam implementasi pengaturan transparansi di pemerintahan?. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan yaitu yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengaturan transparansi yang ada saat ini menunjukkan bahwa pengaturan tersebut memiliki kontribusi signifikan dalam pencegahan korupsi. Dengan meningkatkan akses informasi publik, mendorong akuntabilitas, dan memfasilitasi partisipasi masyarakat, pengaturan transparansi dapat mengurangi peluang untuk tindakan korupsi.
Kata Kunci: Korupsi, Transparansi, Sektor Pemerintah
Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap dengan Penerapan Standar Keselamatan Pasien di Instalasi Perawatan Intensif
Authors: Sri Futriani Elfira , Hawa Siti
Published: October 2024

Keselamatan pasien rumah sakit dalah suatu sistem dimana rumah sakit membuat asuhan pasien lebih aman. Keselamatan pasien menjadi isu terkini dalam pelayanan kesehatan didasarkan atas semakin meningkatnya kejadian yang tidak diinginkan (adverse event). Rumah sakit wajib mengupayakan pemenuhan sasaran keselamatan pasien meliputi ketepatan identifikasi pasien, meningkatkan komunikasi efektif, peningkatan keamanan obat, kepastian tepat-lokasi tepat-prosedur tepat-pasien operasi, pengurangan resiko infeksi dan pengurangan resiko pasien jatuh. Untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap dengan penerapan standar keselamatan pasien di Instalasi Perawatan Intensif RS Masmitra tahun 2018. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analitik. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh perawat di Instalasi Perawatan Intensif RS Masmitra pada bulan Desember s/d Februari 2018 sebanyak 30 orang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian analisis univariat responden yang pengetahuan baik (56,7%), sikap baik (60%), dan penerapan SKP baik (43,3%). Analisis bivariat menunjukkan adanya hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap dengan penerapan standar keselamatan pasien. Dari hasil uji chi square menunjukan bahwa adanya hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap dengan penerapan standar keselamatan pasien.
The fate of Krakow’s builders and architectus of Jewish origin in the face of World War II. Possibilities of applying the micro-historical method in research on architecture and urban planning
Authors: Motak Maciej
Published: October 2024

This article is about the fate of a group of architects and builders in Krakow during World War II. After the outbreak of the war and the start of the German occupation in September 1939, they found themselves in a very difficult position. As the persecution intensified, so did the opportunities for their professional activities strongly diminish, although they did not disappear. The article outlines in more detail two individual situations – those of Samuel Mehl and Jakub Stendig – one related to the creation of a building, the other to, among other issues, the loss of a building. The research used methods often applied in the studies in architecture and urbanism: literaturę analysis, search in archives, field research. The micro-historical method, which is rather rarely used in such research, was also applied. This method, which has been used for nearly 50 years in scientific, mainly historical research, is based on studying and preserving the individual element of the narrative while aiming to generalise the result.

In spite of the extremely cruel persecution of the Jewish population in Krakow during World War II, some architects and builders of Jewish origin continued their professional activity under various and difficult conditions. Its forms varied from design work and construction of residential buildings, to care for historical monuments, to construction activity in a concentration camp. Professional activity and specific skills may have contributed to the fact that proportionally more Jewish architects and builders survived the Holocaust than the Jewish community in Krakow as a whole. The consequences of the Holocaust for the architecture and space of Krakow were serious and varied: the loss of an important professional group, the loss of valuable architectural and artistic works, the change of features in newly designed buildings. The legacy of the work of architects and builders of Jewish origin in Krakow is very significant. It has been commemorated in a variety of tangible and intangible forms, although insufficiently in proportion to its scale.
Visual interference – artistic possibilities of linear mixed arrangements
Authors: Lipowicz-Budzyńska Alina
Published: October 2024

The aim of the author of the article is to investigate the possibility of using the phenomenon of visual interference in architecture. The research is experimental and serves to develop a module consisting of two layers, which will be multiplied and placed on a glass façade. The research can be used to develop an image processing method using interference. In the introduction to the article, various forms of interference in graphics composed of linear elements are discussed. Examples of flat, non-transparent projects in graphics and painting are cited. Then, a group of spatial images was presented in the form of installations or placed on two layers of glass. Research aimed at developing a graphic layout to be placed on a glass façade is presented. The article briefly describes the creation of a module – a graphic element that is used to develop more complex compositions that can be used in a glass façade. This is a step towards creating a compendium of knowledge about this phenomenon and existing solutions. The results of our research can be an inspiration for artists and architects, as well as an incentive for designers and investors to use them in architecture.
Formulation and Physicochemical Evaluation of Spray Gel Containing Cordyline fruticosa L. Leaf Extract for Topical Delivery
Authors: Alfina Nurrahman  , Annora Rizky Amalia  , Andany Oktamia Ningtyas Hartoyo
Published: October 2024

Spray gel is a gel system applied through a spray pump, producing small or large liquid droplets. Cordyline fruticosa (L.) A. Cheval, commonly known as Andong Merah, is a plant with various medicinal properties, including wound healing activity attributed to its flavonoid content. This research aimed to formulate and evaluate the physicochemical properties of a spray gel containing Cordyline fruticosa leaf extract for topical delivery, focusing on the effects of different concentrations of Carbopol 940 as a gelling agent and sorbitol as a humectant. Cordyline fruticosa leaf extract was obtained by maceration using 96% ethanol. Three spray gel formulations were prepared, varying the concentrations of Carbopol 940 (0.4 g, 0.6 g, and 0.8 g) and sorbitol (5 ml, 7.5 ml, and 10 ml). The prepared spray gels were then subjected to physicochemical evaluation, including organoleptic tests (color, odor, and consistency), homogeneity tests, pH measurements, viscosity measurements, spray pattern analysis, and adhesion tests. All spray gel formulations exhibited acceptable physicochemical properties. The formulations were homogeneous, with a pH within the acceptable range for topical applications. The viscosity and adhesion properties varied with the concentrations of Carbopol 940 and sorbitol. The spray pattern analysis revealed a circular spread pattern, with the pressure required for spraying influenced by the viscosity of the formulation. The spray gel formulations containing Cordyline fruticosa leaf extract demonstrated good physicochemical qualities, indicating their potential suitability for topical delivery. Further studies are recommended to optimize the formulation for enhanced stability and therapeutic efficacy.
Parent's Perspectives on Boarding Schools in Primary Education Settings: The Case of Std Vi and Vii in Magharibi B District Unguja
Authors: Hamad Hamad Faki , Ismail Joseph Hokororo
Published: October 2024

This paper is set to determine the Parents' perspectives on boarding schools in Zanzibar. The study is expected to provide insights into the Parents' perspectives and experiences regarding boarding schools in primary school settings, especially for STD VI and VII. The study will shed light on the benefits, challenges, and potential outcomes associated with boarding in primary school settings from different parents. The study utilized the Social Learning Theory developed by Albert Bandura, which is a psychological framework that emphasizes the role of observation, imitation, and modeling in the learning process. This theory highlighted the impact of models in shaping behavior, both positive and negative, and demonstrated how children could imitate aggressive behavior they witnessed in adults. In this study, data was gathered directly from primary sources through various methods such as interviews, Questionnaires, and group discussions in order to give chances for any respondent to give out his or her view about boarding schools in primary education settings in confidence and freeway. The findings indicate that parents prefer boarding schools as they provide a conducive learning environment, help in students' social development, and safety in boarding schools is well-managed. Also, boarding schools have adequate resources and facilities and communication between parents and boarding schools is effective. The study concludes that parents hold varied perspectives on boarding schools, emphasizing their perceived benefits such as conducive learning environments, social development opportunities, and well-managed safety protocols. These positive views are complemented by concerns about resource adequacy, communication effectiveness, and the rigidity of the boarding school environment
Bestimmung des Schallleistungspegels – Aktuelle Entwicklungen in der internationalen Normung/Determination of the sound power level – Current developments in international standardisation
Authors: Wittstock Volker , Heisterkamp Fabian
Published: October 2024

Der Schallleistungspegel ist die wichtigste Kenngröße zur Beschreibung der Geräuschemission von Maschinen und anderen Produkten. Er muss deshalb mit möglichst geringem Aufwand unter Anwendung normierter Messverfahren (Rahmennormen) ermittelt werden können. Belastbare Angaben des Schallleistungspegels sind wichtig für die Produktsicherheit, den Umweltschutz, den Verbraucherschutz und den Arbeitsschutz. Wir stellen aktuelle Entwicklungen in der internationalen Normung vor, die darauf abzielen die Bestimmung des Schallleistungspegels für Maschinenhersteller und andere Anwender soweit wie möglich zu vereinfachen ohne jedoch die Genauigkeit und Reproduzierbarkeit der Messverfahren zu verringern.
Phytochemical Analysis, Total Phenolic Content, Hemolytic and Anti-hemolytic Activities of Centaurea iberica (Asteraceae)
Authors: Joujeh Ruba , Zaid Salim , Mona Sobhi
Published: October 2024

Several plants contain chemical substances that have various biological activities, but they also probably cause harmful effects on cellular membranes. This work deals with the Centaurea iberica (Iberian starthistle) plant. The objective of this study is to identify the main chemical groups in the methanolic extract 80% of the plant, determine its total phenolic content, evaluate its toxic effect on human erythrocytes, and also assess its activity in the protection of normal and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) enzyme-deficient human erythrocytes membranes against oxidative hemolysis. Phytochemical analysis revealed that C. iberica extract contains several bioactive compounds. The results also showed that the plant extract contained good level of total phenolic compounds. The extract exhibited a low hemolytic effect. It also showed excellent activity in the protection of normal and G6PD-deficient human erythrocytes against oxidative hemolysis.
KEYWORDS
Erythrocytes, G6PD, Iberian starthistle, methanolic extract, toxic effect, oxidative hemolysis
Pavlovian impatience: The anticipation of immediate rewards increases approach behaviour
Authors: Burghoorn Floor , Scheres Anouk , Monterosso John , Guo Mingqian , Luo Shan , Roelofs Karin , Figner Bernd
Published: October 2024

People often exhibit intertemporal impatience by choosing immediate small over delayed larger rewards, which has been implicated across maladaptive behaviours and mental health symptoms. In this preregistered study, we tested the role of an intertemporal Pavlovian bias as possible psychological mechanism driving the temptation posed by immediate rewards. Concretely, we hypothesized that the anticipation of immediate rewards (compared with preference-matched delayed rewards) enhances goal-directed approach behaviour but interferes with goal-directed inhibition. Such a mechanism could contribute to the difficulty to inhibit ourselves in the face of immediate rewards (e.g., a drug), at the cost of long-term (e.g., health) goals. A sample of 184 participants completed a newly developed reinforcement learning go/no-go task with four trial types: Go to win immediate reward; Go to win delayed reward; No-go to win immediate reward; and No-go to win delayed reward trials. Go responding was increased in trials in which an immediate reward was available compared with trials in which a preference-matched delayed reward was available. Computational models showed that on average, this behavioural pattern was best captured by a cue-response bias reflecting a stronger elicitation of go responses upon presentation of an immediate (versus delayed) reward cue. The results of this study support the role of an intertemporal Pavlovian bias as a psychological mechanism contributing to impatient intertemporal choice.
Evaluation of the Relationship Between Health Literacy and the Perspectives of Pregnancy on Covid-19 Vaccines During the Covid-19 Pandemic Period
Authors: AKMAN BÜŞRA NUR , Nacar Erkay
Published: October 2024

SOYUT
Amaç:1 Bu çalışmanın amacı, COVID-19 pandemisi sırasında COVID-19'a maruz kalan gebe kadınların aşılara ilişkin bakış açılarını, aşılanma durumlarını, aşılara yönelik tutumlarını araştırmak ve yaklaşımları ile sağlık okuryazarlığı arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmanın evreni, Kastamonu Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi ve İnebolu Devlet Hastanesi'ne başvuran ve en az dört haftalık gebeliği olan ve diğer tüm trimester dönemlerini kapsayan gebeler (N=375)'dir. Mayıs 2022- Aralık 2023 tarihleri ​​arasında gebelerin sosyo-demografik özellikleri, obstetrik özellikleri, aşılanma durumları, aşılara karşı tutum ve davranışları sağlık okuryazarlık düzeylerini belirlemek ve saptamak amacıyla Anket Soru Formu Türkiye Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği-32 (TSOY-32) kullanılmıştır. Analizler SPSS 22 programı kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Verilerin Ortalama±Standart Sapması ve yüzde dağılımı ile analizinde Ki-kare testi kullanılmıştır. p<0,05 anlamlılık düzeyi istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Gebelerin yaş ortalaması 28,40±5,61, gebelik haftası ortalaması 28,40±5,61 ± 22,69±11,47 olarak bulundu. Çalışmada gebelerin %69,1’inin COVID-19 hastalığına yakalandığı, %76’sının COVID-19 aşısı olduğu ve %9,3’ünün gebelik sırasında COVID-19 aşısı olduğu görüldü. Gebelerin %68’inin hastalığı ailesine bulaştırması nedeniyle COVID-19 aşısını kendi isteği dışında yaptırdığı, %90,7’sinin ise gebe kalmadan COVID-19 aşısını yaptırmaktan vazgeçtiği görüldü. Gebelerin TSOY-32 ölçeğinin genel indeks puanı ortalaması 23,37±8,35 olarak bulundu. Gebelerin %55,7’sinin yetersiz sağlık okuryazarlığı düzeyinde olduğu belirlendi.
Sonuç: Çalışma sonucunda COVID-19 pandemisi sırasında COVID-19 aşılarına yönelik yaklaşım, tutum ve davranış gösterdiği belirlenen gebelerin sağlık okuryazarlık düzeylerinin yetersiz olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda sağlık profesyonelleri arasında yer alan hekim ve ebelerin multidisipliner ekip yaklaşımı desteklenerek, Sağlık okuryazarlığı düşük olan gebelerin COVID-19 aşıları konusunda bilgi düzeyleri artırılmalıdır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Gebelik, COVID-19, COVID-19 aşıları, Sağlık okuryazarlığı.
Evaluation of Circulating Tumor DNA and Carcinoembryonic Antigen Levels and Relationship with Clinicopathological Risk Factors and Prognostic Indices in Colorectal Cancer Patients
Authors: YASLIKAYA Şendağ , TÜRKER Mehmet , AYDINALP CAMADAN Yasemin , KIDI Mehmet Mutlu , BİTER Sedat , ASARKAYA Esra , ASOĞLU RÜZGAR Hatice , ATAŞ İPEK Şüheda , KARA İ.Oğuz , ŞAHİN Berksoy
Published: October 2024

Objective: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. ctDNA has emerged as a promising biomarker for CRC management, offering real-time insights into tumor burden and genetic mutations. This study investigates the correlation between CEA levels, ctDNA, clinicopathological factors, and treatment outcomes in early and advanced CRC patients.
Methods: The study retrospectively analyzed data from CRC patients, including  early-stage disease and metastatic disease. ctDNA levels, demographic data, and clinical parameters such as CEA, inflammatory indexes, and tumor characteristics were evaluated to determine correlations with treatment outcomes.
Results: The study included 20 patients, with 60% diagnosed at the metastatic stage.  The study found no statistically significant correlation between ctDNA levels and disease stage, recurrence, or overall survival. While CEA and ctDNA levels were measured, they did not demonstrate a significant relationship with treatment outcomes. Notably, ctDNA levels were higher in metastatic patients, though this was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: Despite its potential, the integration of ctDNA as a routine biomarker in CRC care faces challenges, including variability in measurement techniques and cost-effectiveness. However, ctDNA's ability to guide personalized treatment strategies and monitor disease recurrence holds promise. The study's findings align with previous research, suggesting ctDNA as a poor prognostic indicator, though further research is needed. ctDNA represents a significant advance in CRC management, offering non-invasive, real-time insights into tumor dynamics. Ongoing research is expected to solidify its role in personalized treatment planning, potentially leading to more effective and tailored therapies for CRC patients.
Hemoglobinopathy Awareness Among Middle and High School Students In Karataş, Türkiye
Authors: Nazlıcan Ersin , Akbaba Muhsin
Published: October 2024

Objective:Hemoglobinopathies are complex and inherited genetic disorders with no definitive cure; however, preventive measures such as genetic counseling and premarital screening may dramatically reduce their prevalence. Therefore, having sufficient information about the mentioned preventive measures is crucial.
Methods:All students attending middle and high schools were included without a sample selection. A survey form was administered to students in order to evaluate their knowledge level and attitudes regarding hemoglobinopathies. The results were evaluated using Chi-square and logistic regression analysis with 95% confidence interval (CI).
Results:The total number of students agreeing to participate in the study was 877. The mean age of the participants was 14.8 ± 1.5 years; 50.5% of them were male.Of the participating students, 40.3% were previously informed about hemoglobinopathies.The lowest correct response rate among questions in terms of students’ knowledge about hemoglobinopathies was observed in the question that asked the transmission route of the disorders with 13.7%.In the multivariate analysis, maternal education level (OR=1.417; 95% CI) and knowing an affected patient (OR=4.215; 95% CI) were associated with a greater likelihood of being previously informed.
Conclusions:Our study demonstrated that students had insufficient knowledge on hemoglobinopathies in a region where the disorders are prevalent. Organizing and sustaining educational activities related to hemoglobinopathies - particularly genetic basics of the disorders - to students, who are the parents of the future, may be useful in combating hemoglobinopathies.
 
Keywords:Hemoglobinopathies, Awareness, School Health, Middle School Students, High School Students
Mn-doped ZnO nanopowders prepared by sol–gel and microwave-assisted sol–gel methods and their photocatalytic properties
Authors: Vlăduț Cristina Maria , Anastasescu Crina , Preda Silviu , Mocioiu Oana Catalina , Petrescu Simona , Pandele-Cusu Jeanina , Culita Dana , Bratan Veronica , Balint Ioan , Zaharescu Maria
Published: October 2024

Although the microwave-assisted sol–gel method is quite frequently used for the preparation of oxide nanostructures, the synergism of the reaction pathways is not fully explained. However, state-of-the-art theoretical and practical results of high novelty can be achieved by continuously evaluating the as-synthesized materials. The present paper presents a comparative study of Mn-doped ZnO nanopowders prepared by both sol–gel and microwave-assisted sol–gel methods. The structural, morphological, and optical properties of the as-obtained powders were established and correlated with their newly proved functionality, namely, the ability to photogenerate distinct reactive oxygen species (·OH or O2−) and to act as photoactive materials in aqueous media. The solar light-induced mineralization of oxalic acid by Mn-doped ZnO materials was clearly observed while similar amounts of generated CO2 were measured for both catalysts. These inexpensive semiconductor materials, which proved to be light-responsive, can be further used for developing water depollution technologies based on solar light energy.
HUBUNGAN BERAT BADAN BAYI BARU LAHIR DENGAN KADAR GLUKOSA IBU SAAT PERSALINAN DI RUMAH SAKIT HJ. BUNDA HALIMAH KOTA BATAM
Authors: Dino Gagah Prihadianto  , Malahayati Rusli Bintang  , Sheren Nabila
Published: October 2024

Latar Belakang:Berat badan bayi yang tidak sesuai dengan batas normal, hal ini dapat menjadi pertanda adanya gangguan Kesehatan. Glukosa(gula) sangat mempengaruhi janin yang terbentuk melalui tubuh ibu. Jumlah glukosa(gula) yang diserap ibu dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan pada janin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara berat badan bayi dengan kadar glukosa ibu saat persalinan pada pasien poli obgyn Rumah Sakit Hj.Bunda Halimah Kota Batam Tahun 2022.
Metode: Desain penelitian yang dilakukan peneliti bersifat analitik, dengan pendekatan cross sectional yang dilakukan pada pasien Poli Obgyn di Rumah Sakit Hj.Bunda Halimah Batam.Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah Non-probability sampling menggunakan metode pursosive sampling dengan populasi 142 pasien ibu hamil yang partus di Rumah Sakit Hj.Bunda Halimah tahun 2022, sehingga didapati jumlah sampel 71 pasien. Analisis data yang digunakan analisis univariat dan analisis bivariat dengan uji Chi-Square.
Hasil: Hasil uji analisis Chi-Square didapatkan bahwa berat badan bayi memiliki hubungan dengan kadar glukosa ibu saat persalinan di RS Hj.Bunda Halimah Kota Batam tahun 2022 dengan nilai p=0,001 (<0,05)
Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini diperoleh bahwa Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara kadar glukosa ibu dengan berat badan bayi baru lahir pada pasien obgyn di Rumah Sakit Hj.Bunda Halimah Kota Batam tahun 2022
Kata kunci: Berat Badan Bayi, Kadar Glukosa Ibu, Kelahiran
ANALISIS FAKTOR RIWAYAT KELUARGA DAN IMT DENGAN KEJADIAN STRIAE DISTANSAE PADA SISWI
Authors: Rusdani  , Andi Ipaljri  , Brahyuna Lazdyana
Published: October 2024

Latar Belakang: Striae distensae atau yang dikenal dengan strectch mark adalah bekas luka liner yang terlihat berkembang di area kerusakan kulit akibat perengang kulit yang berlebihan. Banyak faktor risiko berbeda yang diklaim menjadi penyebab perkembangan striae distensae. Penyebab paling umum termasuk grow spurt selama masa pubertas pada remaja, kehamilan, genetik, index massa tubuh, penggunaan kortikosteroid, cushing syndrome, marfan syndrome, serta penurunan dan kenaikan berat badan yang cepat.
Metode: Desain penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional yang bersifat analatik, dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu probability random sampling pada populasi sebanyak 757 siswi sehingga didapati jumlah sampel minimun sebanyak 262 siswi. Analisis data yang digunakan analisis univariat dan analisis bivariat dengan uji Chi-Square.
Hasil: Hasil analisis Chi-Square didapatkan hubungan riwayat keluarga dengan kejadian striae distensae pada responden dengan nilai p = 0,0001 (p<0,05), dan tidak didapatkan hubungan antara IMT dengan kejadian striae distensae pada responden dengan nilai p = 0,081 (p>0,05).

 

 
 

Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini diperoleh bahwa terdapat hubungan riwayat keluarga dengan kejadian striae distensae pada siswi. Dan tidak terdapat hubungan antara IMT dengan kejadian striae distensae pada siswi.
Kata Kunci : Striae distensae, Riwayat Keluarga, IMT
HUBUNGAN DERAJAT OBESITAS DENGAN DERAJAT HIPERTENSI PADA PASIEN HIPERTENSI DI PUSKESMAS SEI LANGKAI KOTA BATAM
Authors: Luis Yulia  , Mariyaman Tjendera  , Nur Ulia Syifani Safitri
Published: October 2024

Latar Belakang: Hipertensi merupakan kondisi yang ditandai oleh peningkatan tekanan darah sistolik ≥140 mmHg dan diastolik ≥90 mmHg. Terdapat dua faktor risiko yang tidak dapat dikontrol yakni, riwayat keluarga, usia, serta jenis kelamin, dan dapat dikontrol yakni, obesitas, stres, merokok,konsumsi garam berlebih, serta kurangnya aktivitas fisik. Dimana obesitas menjadi penyebab yang paling sering ditemukan pada pasien hipertensi. Tujuan pada penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan derajat obesitas dengan kejadian hipertensi. Metode: Metode pada penelitian ini menggunakan observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 394 responden, didapatkan dengan teknik purposive sampling dan menggunakan rumus slovin untuk menentukannya. Data sekunder didapatkan dari data rekam medis dan di analisis menggunakan univariat, bivariat, dan chi-square.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan dari uji Chi Square yaitu p-value 0,000 yang berarti P<0,05 sehingga dapat disimpulkan adanya hubungan bermakna.
Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapat kesimpulan bahwa terdapat hubungan bermakna antara hubungan derajat obesitas dengan derajat hipertensi pada pasien hipertensi di Puskesmas Sei Langkai Kota Batam Tahun 2023.

 

 
 

 
Kata kunci: Obesitas, IMT, Hipertensi
HUBUNGAN ANTARA MASA KERJA DAN SIKAP KERJA TERHADAP KEJADIAN LOW BACK PAIN PADA CUSTOMER SERVICE DI BANK BNI KOTA BATAM TAHUN 2021
Authors: Fachrul Jamal  , Nopri Esmiralda  , Oktavia Anggraini
Published: October 2024

Latar Belakang: Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara industri yang ada di dunia dengan berbagai macam perusahaan salah satunya adalah perbankan. Tingginya angka perusahaan industry ini dapat menyebabkan berbagai macam keluhan kesehatan pada pekerjanya, salah satunya adalah low back pain yang dapat terjadi karena masa kerja dan sikap kerja seseorang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mengetahui hubungan antara masa kerja dan sikap kerja terhadap kejadian low back pain pada customer service di Bank BNI Kota Batam Tahun 2021.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh Customer Service Bank BNI seluruh kota batam. Sampel berjumlah sebesar 54 orang. Uji analisis data menggunakan uji Chi Square dengan menggunakan program komputer.
Hasil: Hasil analisis hubungan antara masa kerja dan sikap kerja terhadap kejadian low back pain pada customer service di Bank BNI Kota Batam Tahun 2021., didapatkan variabel yang berhubungan dengan kejadian low back pain adalah masa kerja dengan nilai P=0.000. Dan variable sikap kerja dengan low back pain P=0.000.
Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara variabel masa kerja dan sikap kerja terhadap kejadian low back pain pada customer service di Bank BNI Kota Batam Tahun 2021.
 
Kata kunci: Low Back Pain, Masa Kerja, Sikap Kerja
SUCCESSFUL MANAGEMENT OF SHARP ABDOMINAL TRAUMA WITH DIAGNOSTIC LAPAROSCOPY AT DR. ZAINOEL ABIDIN ACEH HOSPITAL
Authors: Khalikul Razi  , Muhammad Azmi Fanany  , Muhammad Yusuf  , Ferry Erdani  , Muslim
Published: October 2024

Abdominal trauma is injury that occurs to organs in the abdomen, such as the stomach, intestines, liver, spleen, pancreas, bile and kidneys, damage to the structures located between the diaphragm and pelvis. Abdominal trauma is divided into two types, namely blunt abdominal trauma and stab abdominal trauma. Injuries to the intestines and liver are the most common in penetrating trauma to the abdomen. Case report: a 35 year-old man came to the Emergency Room at the Dr. Zainoel Abidin Regional General Hospital in Banda Aceh with the main complaint of a wooden stab wound (foreign body) on the right side of the abdomen which had penetrated to the back. The patient underwent diagnostic laparoscopy, it was found that a piece of wood (foreign body) was stuck in the liver segment V-VI which had penetrated to the right flank and a hematoma was found around the body and about 100 cc of hemorrhagic fluid originating from the liver due to contact with wood friction but the bleeding was not active. Based on the primary and secondary survey evaluations, the hemodynamic condition was stable. In the evaluation, there were no intra-abdominal organ injury. Extraction of the foreign body wood could be performed well after identification of being free from intra-abdominal organ injury. Conclusion: Abdominal trauma is an injury that occurs to organs in the stomach, such as the stomach, intestines, liver, spleen, pancreas, gallbladder, and kidneys. In this case, it was a penetrating stab wound with stable hemodynamics and no small intestine and omental protruding from the stomach, so this patient underwent diagnostic laparoscopic surgery. The operation with diagnostic laparoscopic in this case was successful and minimally invasive.
Optimization of Drill Bit Geometries for Minimum Thermal Damage in Bone Drilling
Authors: Ali Akhbar Mohd Faizal , Mohd Ashri Mohamad Faris , Yusoff Ahmad Razlan , Jamaludin Shahrizan , Alias Rodianah , Alias Fatin , Hassan Razhan , Rizwan Muhammad
Published: October 2024

Thermal injury is a common post-operative effect in bone drilling surgeries. The extreme heat generated during the drilling process kills bone cells, which causes irreversible bone death. This bone death loosens medical fixations—screws, plates, and implants—and subsequently refractures the bone. Research on drill bit geometries in bone drilling has attracted interest from engineering and medical researchers. However, previous research has mainly focused on the simulation of bone drilling, which could generate an incorrect approximation of thermal bone damage if the simulation model is not validated. For this reason, this study focuses on the optimization and parametric analysis of the bone temperature elevations induced by customized drill bit features—point angle (60-180°), web thickness (25-50 %), and helix angle (10-55°)—in comprehensive ex-vivo bone (bovine) experimental drilling tests. The L9 Taguchi optimization method was then applied to determine the optimal design to minimize maximum bone temperature rise. Results from the parametric analysis revealed that the optimal setup for the drill point features can be obtained with the ranges of point angle of 160-180°, web thickness of 25-30 %, and helix angle of 30-40°. Based on the Taguchi optimization results, the minimum thermal damage is produced with the point angle of 180°, web thickness of 25 %, and helix angle of 35°. This work offers a promising solution for reducing thermal injury and preventing thermal osteonecrosis in bone drilling surgeries.
Thermal Energy Harvesting using Photovoltaic System for Small-Scale Seawater Distillation
Authors: Mahmudin Faisal , Pawara Muhammad Uswah , Klara Syerly , Muhammad Yasin Yusril
Published: October 2024

Photovoltaic systems can be utilized for many purposes. In the present study, the photovoltaic system is used to produce electricity to power the distillator. A distillator is an equipment to convert seawater into freshwater. Distillators are important to be used for fishermen to help them produce fresh water from seawater when fishing at sea. This study aims to develop a prototype of a distillator by utilizing electricity from a photovoltaic system and to test the prototype's performance in producing fresh water. In this study, the solar panels used in the experiment had a power of 80WP and 100WP. The electricity from the panels was used to heat the elements in the distillator prototype to distill seawater, which will later be used to produce the freshwater needed by fishermen at sea, so they no longer need to carry fresh water when fishing. The experiment found that the highest efficiency of 80W solar panels was 12.813 %, while the highest efficiency of 100 W solar panels was 8.610%. The 9-hour experiment could produce approximately 120 ml of distilled water.
Investigation on Water Erosion Behavior of Ti-based Metal Matrix Composite: Experimental Approach
Authors: Kale Dipak , Arakerimath Rachayya , Pathan Khizar Ahmed , Khan Sher Afghan
Published: October 2024

Wet steam flow produces big water droplets in the low-pressure zone of a steam turbine blade. These droplets clash with subsequent blades, resulting in a strong impact that is evident as erosion. Titanium and its alloys are valuable for technical applications such as turbine blades because of their low density, high strength, and exceptional corrosion resistance. The boron carbide(B4C) has a high hardness but a low strength; therefore, it's exciting to investigate water erosion of Ti/ B4C and SiC combination. The effect of 1 wt% B4C and 1, 3, 5, and 7 wt% SiC particles on water droplet erosion of Ti composite was studied using the SPS method for 5 minutes at 1200 oC temperature and 50 MPa pressure. The L9 orthogonal array with four levels of parameters of the Taguchi method is used to conduct the experiments. By measuring the weight of the specimen at interval time, the erosion behavior with time is obtained with different nozzle diameters. The effect of material and experimental parameters on erosion resistance is studied, and an empirical relation is developed.
The Effect of Cooling Rate on Solidification Characteristics and Grain Structure of Al-9Si Cast Alloy
Authors: Ma Xian Hui , Abd Razak Nur Azhani , Ahmad Asnul Hadi , Alias Juliawati , Alang Nasrul Azuan
Published: October 2024

A thermal analysis study is essential before the semisolid metal processing of a particular alloy. The surrounding environment, especially the cooling rate is also an important factor. This study investigated the influence of different cooling rates on the solidification characteristics and microstructure evolution of the Al-9Si cast alloy. Four cooling mediums were designed, and their cooling rates are 0.16 ℃/s, 1.0 ℃/s, 1.3 ℃/s, and 1.9 ℃/s, respectively. The results show that the primary dendrite size of the Al-9Si alloy was reduced from 162.61 μm to 86.86 μm as the cooling rate increased from 0.16 ℃/s to 1.9 ℃/s. Significant grain refinement was observed, however, the external cooling has a negligible impact on solid fraction. The optimal temperature range of the Al-9Si cast alloy for the semisolid metal processing at a solid fraction of 0.5 to 0.7 is between 554 ℃ and 563 ℃. With these thermal profiles provided, the relationship between the solid fraction and the solidification time could be expressed using the polynomial equation, which is also useful for point prediction in the subsequent semisolid metal processing.
»Demokratisierung ist doch albern!«
Authors: Krohn Anne
Published: October 2024

Im Herbst 1969 äußerte der Kieler Romanistikprofessor Karl August Ott in einer Vorlesung die provokante Bemerkung: »Demokratisierung ist doch albern!« Diese Aussage reflektiert nicht nur eine unmittelbare Reaktion
auf die steigenden Partizipationsforderungen der Studierenden, sondern auch eine tieferliegende, reformkritische Haltung, die in der Hochschullandschaft der späten 1960er Jahre weit verbreitet war. Der vorliegende
Beitrag untersucht die Herausforderungen, denen sich die Universität Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel und ihre Professorenschaft gegenübersahen, als die Gesellschaft sich zunehmend wandelte und die Forderungen
nach mehr Mitbestimmung und Reformen lauter wurden. Zunächst wird auf die grundlegenden Entwicklungen im Hochschulausbau eingegangen. Im Anschluss wird ein besonderes Augenmerk auf die Studentenproteste in Kiel
gelegt, bevor vier konkrete Fallbeispiele vorgestellt werden, die spezifische Konfliktsituationen im Kontext der Protestbewegungen illustrieren. Ziel des Beitrags ist es, verschiedene Perspektiven der Professorenschaft in
dieser turbulenten Zeit herauszuarbeiten, um deren individuelle Reaktionen und Handlungsoptionen im Umgang mit den Forderungen der Studierenden zu beleuchten.