bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vein of Galen Aneurysmal Malformation in Neonates Presenting With Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: Madhuban Andjenie , van den Heuvel Freek , van Stuijvenberg Margriet
Published: January 2016

The authors report the case of a neonate presenting with signs of a congenital cardiac disease. Echocardiography showed a structural normal heart, right-to-left ductal flow, a dilated superior caval vein, and reversed diastolic flow in the proximal descending aorta. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed a vein of Galen arteriovenous malformation. This highlights the importance of considering an intracranial cause in the differential diagnosis of neonatal congestive heart failure.
Managing Student Behavior in an Elementary School Music Classroom: A Study of Class-Wide Function-Related Intervention Teams
Authors: Caldarella Paul , Williams Leslie , Jolstead Krystine A. , Wills Howard P.
Published: January 2016

Classroom management is a common concern for teachers. Music teachers in particular experience unique behavior challenges because of large class sizes, uncommon pacing requirements, and performance-based outcomes. Positive behavior support is an evidence-based framework for preventing or eliminating challenging behaviors by teaching and reinforcing appropriate social skills. Class-Wide Function-Related Intervention Teams (CW-FIT), a specific positive behavior support intervention involving social skills instruction, positive reinforcement, and group contingencies, has proven effective in elementary schools but has not been evaluated specifically in music classrooms. The present study sought to investigate the effectiveness of CW-FIT in increasing on-task behavior and teacher praise-to-reprimand ratios in a sixth-grade music classroom. A single-subject reversal (ABAB) design was used. Results indicated that student on-task behavior increased when CW-FIT was implemented. Teacher praise-to-reprimand ratios also improved. Results suggest the teacher and the students found CW-FIT valuable and enjoyable. Study limitations and implications are addressed.
Prostaglandin E synthase is upregulated by Gas6 during cancer-induced venous thrombosis
Authors: Aghourian Meghedi N. , Lemarié Catherine A. , Bertin Francois-René , Blostein Mark D.
Published: January 2016

Key Points

Gas6 promotes cancer-induced thrombosis by regulating the expression of Ptges from the endothelium. Gas6-dependent PGE2 secretion from the endothelium leads to platelet activation and venous thrombosis.
Benefit of high-dose daunorubicin in AML induction extends across cytogenetic and molecular groups
Authors: Luskin Marlise R. , Lee Ju-Whei , Fernandez Hugo F. , Abdel-Wahab Omar , Bennett John M. , Ketterling Rhett P. , Lazarus Hillard M. , Levine Ross L. , Litzow Mark R. , Paietta Elisabeth M. , Patel Jay P. , Racevskis Janis , Rowe Jacob M. , Tallman Martin S. , Sun Zhuoxin , Luger Selina M.
Published: January 2016

Key Points

High-dose daunorubicin benefits AML patients with favorable and intermediate cytogenetics and with FLT3-ITD, NPM1, and DNMT3A mutations. High-dose daunorubicin is required for the favorable impact of the NPM1 mutation in AML.
Phenotypic and genomic analysis of multiple myeloma minimal residual disease tumor cells: a new model to understand chemoresistance
Authors: Paiva Bruno , Corchete Luis A. , Vidriales Maria-Belen , Puig Noemi , Maiso Patricia , Rodriguez Idoia , Alignani Diego , Burgos Leire , Sanchez Maria-Luz , Barcena Paloma , Echeveste Maria-Asuncion , Hernandez Miguel T. , García-Sanz Ramón , Ocio Enrique M. , Oriol Albert , Gironella Mercedes , Palomera Luis , De Arriba Felipe , Gonzalez Yolanda , Johnson Sarah K. , Epstein Joshua , Barlogie Bart , Lahuerta Juan José , Blade Joan , Orfao Alberto , Mateos María-Victoria , San Miguel Jesús F.
Published: January 2016

Key Points

We report for the first time the biological features of MRD cells in MM and unravel that clonal selection is already present at the MRD stage. MRD cells show a singular phenotypic signature that may result from persisting clones with different genetic and gene expression profiles.
Electrophoretically prepared hybrid materials for biopolymer hydrogel and layered ceramic nanoparticles
Authors: Gwak Gyeong-Hyeon , Choi Ae-Jin , Bae Yeoung-Seuk , Choi Hyun-Jin , Oh Jae-Min
Published: January 2016

Background

In order to obtain biomaterials with controllable physicochemical properties, hybrid biomaterials composed of biocompatible biopolymers and ceramic nanoparticles have attracted interests. In this study, we prepared biopolymer/ceramic hybrids consisting of various natural biopolymers and layered double hydroxide (LDH) ceramic nanoparticles via an electrophoretic method. We studied the structures and controlled-release properties of these materials.

Results and discussion

X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and X-ray absorption spectra (XAS) showed that LDH nanoparticles were formed in a biopolymer hydrogel through electrophoretic reaction. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images showed that the ceramic nanoparticles were homogeneously distributed throughout the hydrogel matrix. An antioxidant agent (i.e., ferulic acid) was loaded onto agarose/LDH and gelatin/LDH hybrids, and the time-dependent release of ferulic acid was investigated via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for kinetic model fitting.

Conclusions

Biopolymer/LDH hybrid materials that were prepared by electrophoretic method created a homogeneous composite of two components and possessed controllable drug release properties according to the type of biopolymer.
Mincle suppresses Toll-like receptor 4 activation
Authors: Greco Stephanie H , Mahmood Syed Kashif , Vahle Anne-Kristin , Ochi Atsuo , Batel Jennifer , Deutsch Michael , Barilla Rocky , Seifert Lena , Pachter H Leon , Daley Donnele , Torres-Hernandez Alejandro , Hundeyin Mautin , Mani Vishnu R , Miller George
Published: January 2016

Regulation of Toll-like receptor responses is critical for limiting tissue injury and autoimmunity in both sepsis and sterile inflammation. We found that Mincle, a C-type lectin receptor, regulates proinflammatory Toll-like receptor 4 signaling. Specifically, Mincle ligation diminishes Toll-like receptor 4–mediated inflammation, whereas Mincle deletion or knockdown results in marked hyperresponsiveness to lipopolysaccharide in vitro, as well as overwhelming lipopolysaccharide-mediated inflammation in vivo. Mechanistically, Mincle deletion does not up-regulate Toll-like receptor 4 expression or reduce interleukin 10 production after Toll-like receptor 4 ligation; however, Mincle deletion decreases production of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent inhibitory intermediate suppressor of cytokine signaling 1, A20, and ABIN3 and increases expression of the Toll-like receptor 4 coreceptor CD14. Blockade of CD14 mitigates the increased sensitivity of Mincle−/− leukocytes to Toll-like receptor 4 ligation. Collectively, we describe a major role for Mincle in suppressing Toll-like receptor 4 responses and implicate its importance in nonmycobacterial models of inflammation.
Cognitive ability in childhood and the chronicity and
suicidality of depression
Authors: Hung Galen Chin-Lun , Pietras Stefanie A. , Carliner Hannah , Martin Laurie , Seidman Larry J. , Buka Stephen L. , Gilman Stephen E.
Published: January 2016

Background

There is inconsistent evidence regarding the influence of general
cognitive abilities on the long-term course of depression.

Aims

To investigate the association between general childhood cognitive
abilities and adult depression outcomes.

Method

We conducted a cohort study using data from 633 participants in the New
England Family Study with lifetime depression. Cognitive abilities at age
7 were measured using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children.
Depression outcomes were assessed using structured diagnostic interviews
administered up to four times in adulthood between ages 17 and 49.

Results

In analyses adjusting for demographic factors and parental psychiatric
illness, low general cognitive ability (i.e. IQ<85 v.
IQ>115) was associated with recurrent depressive episodes (odds ratio
(OR) = 2.19, 95% CI 1.20–4.00), longer episode duration (rate ratio 4.21,
95% CI 2.24–7.94), admission to hospital for depression (OR = 3.65, 95%
CI 1.34–9.93) and suicide ideation (OR = 3.79, 95% CI 1.79–8.02) and
attempt (OR = 4.94, 95% CI 1.67–14.55).

Conclusions

Variation in cognitive abilities, predominantly within the normal range
and established early in childhood, may confer long-term vulnerability
for prolonged and severe depression. The mechanisms underlying this
vulnerability need to be established to improve the prognosis of
depression among individuals with lower cognitive abilities.
Out-of-Plane Dynamic Stability of Unreinforced Masonry Walls in One-Way Bending: Shake Table Testing
Authors: Penner Osmar , Elwood Kenneth J.
Published: January 2016

Given sufficient anchorage to the diaphragms, an unreinforced masonry (URM) wall subjected to out-of-plane inertial forces will likely develop a horizontal crack at an intermediate height about which the wall will rock as semirigid bodies. The effect of wall slenderness on out-of-plane stability has been demonstrated in past studies, but treatment of the effects of diaphragm flexibility and ground motion variability has been limited. This paper presents an experimental study examining the out-of-plane stability under seismic loading of URM walls connected to flexible diaphragms. Five full-scale unreinforced solid clay brick wall specimens spanning one story were subjected to earthquake ground motions using a shake table. The top and bottom of the walls were independently connected to the shake table through coil springs, simulating the flexibility of diaphragms. Variables examined experimentally included diaphragm stiffness and wall height. Both the amount of rocking observed as well as the ground motion scale causing collapse varied significantly with changes in the diaphragm properties. The test results provided data used for validation of a rigid-body rocking model, enabling an extensive parametric study on wall stability and the development of new assessment guidelines in a companion paper.
Out-of-Plane Dynamic Stability of Unreinforced Masonry Walls in One-Way Bending: Parametric Study and Assessment Guidelines
Authors: Penner Osmar , Elwood Kenneth J.
Published: January 2016

A numerical rigid body model for the out-of-plane response of unreinforced masonry (URM) walls connected to flexible diaphragms is validated against the shake table test results presented in a companion paper. It is demonstrated that the model is able to reproduce the observed rocking behavior with reasonable accuracy, particularly the intensity of shaking resulting in collapse of the walls. The validated model is used to undertake a parametric study investigating the effects of numerous parameters on out-of-plane wall stability. Ground motion variability is accounted for by using a large suite of motions. Based on the results of the modeling, an updated out-of-plane assessment procedure is proposed. The procedure, which could be incorporated into ASCE 41, provides reference curves of h/ t versus S a(1.0), along with correction factors for axial load, wall thickness, ground-level walls, and exposure.
Quintuple Friction Pendulum Isolator: Behavior, Modeling, and Validation
Authors: Lee Donghun , Constantinou Michael C.
Published: January 2016

This paper describes the behavior of the quintuple friction pendulum isolator, a spherical sliding isolator with six sliding surfaces, five effective pendula, and nine regimes of operation that allow for complex multi-stage adaptive behavior depending on the amplitude of displacement. An analytical model is presented that is capable of tracing the behavior of the isolator in two general configurations of geometric and frictional properties. This analytical model is useful for verifying computational models and in performing simplified calculations for analysis and design. A computational model that can be implemented in the program SAP2000 is also presented and verified by comparison to the analytical model. A model quintuple friction pendulum isolator has been tested and the results have been used to validate the analytical and computational models.
Responses of a Tall Building in Los Angeles, California, as Inferred from Local and Distant Earthquakes
Authors: Çelebi Mehmet , Ulusoy Hasan S. , Nakata Nori
Published: January 2016

The increasing inventory of tall buildings in the United States and elsewhere may be subjected to motions generated by near and far seismic sources that cause long-period effects. Multiple sets of records that exhibited such effects were retrieved from tall buildings in Tokyo and Osaka ∼350 km and 770 km, respectively, from the epicenter of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake. In California, very few tall buildings have been instrumented. An instrumented 52-story building in downtown Los Angeles recorded seven local and distant earthquakes. Spectral and system identification methods exhibit significant low frequencies of interest (∼0.17 Hz, 0.56 Hz, and 1.05 Hz). These frequencies compare well with those computed by transfer functions; however, small variations are observed between the significant low frequencies for each of the seven earthquakes. The torsional and translational frequencies are very close and are coupled. Beating effect is observed in at least two of the seven earthquake data.
Single-Dose Study of a Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Receptor-1 Antagonist in Women With 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency
Authors: Turcu Adina F. , Spencer-Segal Joanna L. , Farber Robert H. , Luo Rosa , Grigoriadis Dimitri E. , Ramm Carole A. , Madrigal David , Muth Tim , O'Brien Christopher F. , Auchus Richard J.
Published: January 2016

Context:

Treatment of 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21OHD) is difficult to optimize. Normalization of excessive ACTH and adrenal steroid production commonly requires supraphysiologic doses of glucocorticoids.

Objectives:

We evaluated the safety and tolerability of the selective corticotropin releasing factor type 1 (CRF1) receptor antagonist NBI-77860 in women with classic 21OHD and tested the hypothesis that CRF1 receptor blockade decreases early-morning ACTH and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (17OHP) in these patients.

Participants:

The study enrolled eight classic 21OHD females, ages 18–58 years, seen at a single tertiary referral university setting.

Design:

This was a phase Ib, single-blind, placebo-controlled, fixed-sequence, single-dose trial. During three treatment periods separated by 3-week washout intervals, patients sequentially received placebo, NBI-77860 300 mg, and NBI-77860 600 mg at 10 pm; glucocorticoid therapy was withheld for 20 hours. We evaluated ACTH, 17OHP, androstenedione, and testosterone as well as NBI-77860 pharmacokinetics over 24 hours.

Results:

Dose-dependent reductions of ACTH and/or 17OHP were observed in six of eight subjects. Relative to placebo, NBI-77860 led to an ACTH and 17OHP reduction by a mean of 43% and 0.7% for the 300 mg dose, respectively, and by 41% and 27% for the 600 mg dose, respectively. Both NBI-77860 doses were well tolerated.

Conclusion:

The meaningful reductions in ACTH and 17OHP following NBI-77860 dosing in 21OHD patients demonstrate target engagement and proof of principle in this disorder. These promising data provide a rationale for additional investigations of CRF1 receptor antagonists added to physiologic doses of hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone acetate for the treatment of classic 21OHD.
Impact of Delay in Diagnosis in Outcomes in MEN1: Results From the Dutch MEN1 Study Group
Authors: van Leeuwaarde Rachel S. , van Nesselrooij Bernadette P. M. , Hermus Ad R. , Dekkers Olaf M. , de Herder Wouter W. , van der Horst-Schrivers Anouk N. , Drent Madeleine L. , Bisschop Peter H. , Havekes Bas , Vriens Menno R. , de Laat Joanne M. , Pieterman Carolina R. C. , Valk Gerlof D.
Published: January 2016

Objective:

Identifying a germline mutation in the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) gene in an index case has consequences for a whole family. Eligible family members should be offered genetic counseling and MEN1 mutation testing. Subsequently, clinical screening of mutation carriers according to the guidelines should be initiated. We assessed whether there is a lag time from MEN1 diagnosis of the index case to MEN1 diagnosis of family members. In addition, we determined whether this lag time was associated with an increased morbidity and mortality risk.

Design:

A cohort study was performed using the Dutch MEN1 database, including >90% of the Dutch MEN1 population >16 years of age (n = 393).

Results:

Fifty-eight MEN1 families were identified, of whom 57 were index cases and 247 were non-index cases (n = 304). The median lag time in MEN1 diagnosis of family members was 3.5 (range, 0–30) years. At the time of MEN1 diagnosis, 30 (12.1%) non-index cases had a duodenopancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, of whom 20% had metastases with a mean lag time of 10.9 years, in comparison with 7.1 years without metastases. Twenty-five (10.1%) non-index cases had a pituitary tumor, of whom 80% had a microadenoma and 20% had a macroadenoma, with mean lag times of 7.2 and 10.6 years, respectively. Ninety-five (38.4%) non-index cases had a primary hyperparathyroidism with a mean lag time of 9.5 years in comparison with seven patients without a primary hyperparathyroidism with a mean lag time of 3 years (P = .005). Ten non-index cases died because of a MEN1-related cause that developed during or before the lag time.

Conclusion:

There is a clinically relevant delay in MEN1 diagnosis in families because of a lag time between the diagnosis of an index case and the rest of the family. More emphasis should be placed on the conduct of proper counseling and genetic testing in all eligible family members.
“God Save the King of the Mosquito Nation!” Indigenous Leaders on the Fringe of the Spanish Empire
Authors: Gabbert Wolfgang
Published: January 2016

The Miskitu Indians of Eastern Nicaragua and Honduras are one of the most numerous indigenous groups in the southern part of Central America. Never conquered by the Spaniards during the colonial era, they first came under control of the Central American republics in the late nineteenth century. Their leaders were known as “kings” from the early seventeenth century up until 1860. A scholarly debate has arisen on the character of these leaders: were they big men or chiefs? Generalizations on the character of leadership over extended periods of time, however, are problematic, since Miskitu political organization underwent significant change over time as a result of the fluctuating influence of the colonial powers (Spain and England) that sought hegemony in the region. This article will therefore periodize Miskitu leadership patterns, taking into account the influence of the colonial powers as well as of resident British and US traders, who played a major role in local politics.
Kyung-Sung: Cinematic Memories of the Colonial Past in Contemporary Korea
Authors: Kang Kyoung-Lae
Published: January 2016

This essay examines two films, Modern Boy (dir. Ji-woo Jeong, South Korea, 2008) and Private Eye (dir. Dae-min Park, South Korea, 2009), both of which depict Seoul in the 1930s—the period during which Korean colonial modernity was fully shaped—and in so doing draw contemporary Koreans' attention to the vibrant facade of the city, a long-forgotten facet of the dark colonial era. It stresses that these films, through their regeneration of lost cultural imagery on the screen, evoke a certain sensibility that is commensurable with guilt. For instance, in a climactic scene in Modern Boy, the male hero walks out of the Chosun Government-General Building and passes the camera. On-screen, as the hero exits from view, the colonial building gradually looms large behind him—beautifully reconstructed in the center of the city, with its iconic aura fully retrieved. At this moment, viewers are awakened to the unfortunate history of Japanese colonialism and thus experience a feeling of regret or melancholy for the past. This cinematic encounter with the past also resonates with cultural imagery of Seoul as a forgotten colonial city that has reemerged across Korean society, especially in worn-out photographs, cinematic reconstructions of lost urban scenery, and even recent repairs of ancient palaces and streets, and suggests how the discursive space that is Seoul accommodates the negativity that buttresses the historical narrative in Korea.
Close-Ups and Curlicues: Female Neurosis in Two Films by Anatole Litvak
Authors: Watter Seth
Published: January 2016

This article examines the simultaneous gendering and pathologization of screen space in two films directed by Anatole Litvak, The Snake Pit and Sorry, Wrong Number (US, 1948), released within months of each other. It focuses on two formal phenomena: the morbid close-up and the curlicue camera movement. Magnification of ordinary percepts, or a general and unpleasant accenting of objects in the visual field, is a common complaint in the phenomenology of mental illness, for example, in hysteria, obsession, phobia, and paranoia. An illness removes something from its ordinary context and brings it closer to the subject, who experiences its closeness as enigmatic or distressing. By bringing things closer, however, it also brings them closer together, compacting them into strange and novel figures. Magnification has its cinematic analogue in the close-up, while compaction can be visually rendered by montage or whip pans. The Snake Pit and Sorry, Wrong Number, like other films of the 1940s centered on female insanity, exploit the language of cinema in order to make spectators partake in their pathologized versions of the sensory world. This restructuring of perception by mental illness has also historically been conceived as a deviation of attention from its normal, goal-oriented routines. Attention seems to lose its proper object and so becomes aimless, free floating. In these particular films, the heroines' destabilized attention is figured in whimsical, decorative camera movements. Such curlicues are another means by which the spectator is gradually involved in a world of perceptual morbidity. The article concludes with an extended treatment of paranoia in relation to Sorry, Wrong Number.
CHANCE
Authors: Shiff Richard
Published: January 2016

Academics generate circles of thought. Their preferred modes of conceptualization—the intellectual constructions in circulation within academic discourse at a given moment—readily pass across disciplinary boundaries. During the past two centuries, philosophical critique and the criticism of art have a history of informing each other (Robert Pippin's After the Beautiful is a current example of the syndrome). Although the concepts of societal “modernism” and “modernist” art exhibit variation, both are hybrids of philosophical (linguistic) and aesthetic (sensory) indeterminacies. Rather than fretting over interpretive instability, we are inured to conceptual change and indeterminacy in every domain. But our world becomes circular—ironically, quite stable—when we direct logical reasoning to illuminate its aesthetic double (as Hegel did) or direct art to illuminate its philosophical double (as Heidegger did). Inattentive to anything outside the circle, we imagine our intellectual progress, for circularity is self-confirming. Our illusory progress accompanies a spotty record of predicting actual change. With respect to where our philosophical concepts of change have led us, chance is a better guide to our immediate intellectual and aesthetic preferences, even though it presumes no explanation of our comprehensive cultural formation. Although never right, chance has the advantage of never being wrong.
COMP-assisted collagen secretion - a novel intracellular function required for fibrosis
Authors: Schulz Jan-Niklas , Nüchel Julian , Niehoff Anja , Bloch Wilhelm , Schönborn Katrin , Hayashi Shujiro , Kamper Matthias , Brinckmann Jürgen , Plomann Markus , Paulsson Mats , Krieg Thomas , Zaucke Frank , Eckes Beate
Published: January 2016

Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) is an abundant component in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of load-bearing tissues such as tendons and cartilage. It serves adaptor functions by bridging different ECM structures. We previously showed that COMP is also a constitutive component of healthy human skin and strongly induced in fibrosis. It binds directly and with high affinity to collagen I and to collagen XII that decorates the surface of collagen I fibrils.

We demonstrate here that lack of COMP-collagen interaction in the extracellular space leads to changes in collagen fibril morphology and density resulting in altered skin biomechanical properties. Surprisingly, COMP also fulfills an important intracellular function in assisting efficient secretion of collagens, which were retained in the endoplasmic reticulum of COMP-null fibroblasts. Accordingly COMP-null mice showed severely attenuated fibrotic responses in skin. Collagen secretion was fully restored by introducing wild type COMP. Hence, our work unravels a novel, non-structural and intracellular function of the ECM protein COMP in controlling collagen secretion.
Collective selection of food patches in Drosophila
Authors: Lihoreau Mathieu , Clarke Ireni M. , Buhl Camille , Sumpter David J. T. , Simpson Stephen J.
Published: January 2016

The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster has emerged as a model organism for research on social interactions. Although recent studies have described how individuals interact on foods for nutrition and reproduction, the complex dynamics by which groups initially develop and disperse have received little attention. Here we investigated the dynamics of collective foraging decisions by D. melanogaster and their variation with group size and composition. Groups of adults and larvae facing a choice between two identical, nutritionally balanced food patches distributed themselves asymmetrically, thereby exploiting one patch more than the other. The speed of the collective decisions increased with group size, as a result of flies joining foods faster. However, smaller groups exhibited more pronounced distribution asymmetries than larger ones. Using computer simulations, we show how these non-linear phenomena can emerge from social attraction towards occupied food patches, whose effects add up or compete depending on group size. Our results open new opportunities for exploring complex dynamics of nutrient selection in simple and genetically tractable groups.
THE REMOTE AUTOMATED EMERGENCY PROTECTION AS AN INSTRUMENT OF INDUSTRIAL SAFETY ON THE EXPLOSIVE STORAGE AND PROCESSING OF PLANT RAW MATERIALS
Authors: Панова  , Panova Liliya , Горбунов  , Gorbunov Evgeniy , Атаманов  , Atamanov Sergey
Published: January 2016

There are results of the analysis of modern technical means used to ensure remote automated emergency protection of explosive storage and processing of plant raw materials.
THE RANGE OF VALUES OF THE PARAMETERS THAT DETERMINE THE KINETICS OF ACCUMULATION OF CHARGE IN THE DIELECTRIC UNDER RADIATION EFFECT
Authors: Крюков  , Kryukov V. , Ачкасов  , Achkasov A. , Зольников  , Zolnikov Vladimir , Скляр  , Sklyar V.
Published: January 2016

The paper considers the issues of determining the values of the parameters that determine the kinetics of accumulation of charge in the dielectric under radiation effect. Lighted modeling of process of accumulation of surface states.
THE ALGORITHMIC BASIS OF MODELLING OF FAILURES FROM EXPOSURE TO HEAVY CHARGED PARTICLES IN VLSI, MADE BY DEEP-SUBMICRON TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Грошев  , Groshev A. , Крюков  , Kryukov V. , Скляр  , Sklyar V. , Зольников  , Zolnikov Konstantin , Чубур  , Chubur K.
Published: January 2016

The paper discusses the changes in the circuit parameters under the influence of low-intensive radiation of space factors. Lighted modeling of process of accumulation of defects for low-intensity radiation.
THE DECOMPOSITION APPROACH AND THE CONDITIONS OF UNIQUENESS IN THE SIMULATION OF HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS
Authors: Сазонова  , Sazonova Svetlana
Published: January 2016

In practice, there are three forms of boundary conditions. The feature of the fourth form of the boundary conditions is that the relationship between the above nodal parameters before solving the problem cannot be defined neither in form nor in content. This situation occurs when the decomposition of the hydraulic system. The basis of this mechanism is to transform the basic model estimated in the secondary zone model based on the method of functional reduction. This method is essentially a synthesis of the known methods of transformation models based on the ideas of reduction, diakoptic and cybernetic modeling.
A Decomposition-Based Algorithm for the Scheduling of Open-Pit Networks Over Multiple Time Periods
Authors: Blom Michelle L. , Pearce Adrian R. , Stuckey Peter J.
Published: January 2016

We consider the multiple-time-period, short-term production scheduling problem for a network of multiple open-pit mines and ports. Ore produced at each mine, in each period, is transported by rail to a set of ports and blended into products for shipping. Each port forms these blends to a specification, as stipulated in contracts with downstream customers. This problem belongs to a class of multiple producer/consumer scheduling problems in which producers are able to generate a range of products, a combination of which are required by consumers to meet specified demands. In practice, short-term schedules are formed independently at each mine, tasked with achieving a grade and quality target outlined in a medium-term plan. Because of uncertainty in the data available to a medium-term planner and the dynamics of the mining environment, such targets may not be feasible in the short term. In this paper, we present an algorithm in which the grade and quality targets assigned to each mine are iteratively adapted, ensuring the satisfaction of blending constraints at each port while generating schedules for each mine that maximise resource utilisation.

This paper was accepted by Yinyu Ye, optimization.
Looking Across and Looking Beyond the Knowledge Frontier: Intellectual Distance, Novelty, and Resource Allocation in Science
Authors: Boudreau Kevin J. , Guinan Eva C. , Lakhani Karim R. , Riedl Christoph
Published: January 2016

Selecting among alternative projects is a core management task in all innovating organizations. In this paper, we focus on the evaluation of frontier scientific research projects. We argue that the “intellectual distance” between the knowledge embodied in research proposals and an evaluator’s own expertise systematically relates to the evaluations given. To estimate relationships, we designed and executed a grant proposal process at a leading research university in which we randomized the assignment of evaluators and proposals to generate 2,130 evaluator–proposal pairs. We find that evaluators systematically give lower scores to research proposals that are closer to their own areas of expertise and to those that are highly novel. The patterns are consistent with biases associated with boundedly rational evaluation of new ideas. The patterns are inconsistent with intellectual distance simply contributing “noise” or being associated with private interests of evaluators. We discuss implications for policy, managerial intervention, and allocation of resources in the ongoing accumulation of scientific knowledge.

This paper was accepted by Lee Fleming, entrepreneurship and innovation.
The Effect of Board Directors from Countries with Different Genetic Diversity Levels on Corporate Performance
Authors: Delis Manthos D. , Gaganis Chrysovalantis , Hasan Iftekhar , Pasiouras Fotios
Published: January 2016

We link genetic diversity in the country of origin of the firms’ board members with corporate performance via board members’ nationality. We hypothesize that our approach captures deep-rooted differences in cultural, institutional, social, psychological, physiological, and other traits that cannot be captured by other recently measured indices of diversity. Using a panel of firms listed in the North American and UK stock markets, we find that adding board directors from countries with different levels of genetic diversity (either higher or lower) increases firm performance. This effect prevails when we control for a number of cultural, institutional, firm-level, and board member characteristics, as well as for the nationality of the board of directors. To identify the relationship, we use—as instrumental variables for our diversity indices—the migratory distance from East Africa and the level of ultraviolet exposure in the directors’ country of nationality.

This paper was accepted by Wei Jiang, finance.
Capacitated Vehicle Routing with Nonuniform Speeds
Authors: Gørtz Inge Li , Molinaro Marco , Nagarajan Viswanath , Ravi R.
Published: January 2016

The capacitated vehicle routing problem (CVRP) involves distributing identical items from a depot to a set of demand locations using a single capacitated vehicle. We introduce the heterogeneous capacitated vehicle routing problem, a generalization of CVRP to the setting of multiple vehicles having nonuniform speeds, and present for it a constant-factor approximation algorithm.

Our main contribution is an approximation algorithm for the heterogeneous traveling salesman problem, which is the special case of heterogeneous CVRP with uncapacitated vehicles. Given a metric denoting distances between vertices, a depot r containing k vehicles having respective speeds [Formula: see text], the objective in heterogeneous TSP is to find a tour for each vehicle (starting and ending at r) so that every vertex is covered in some tour and the maximum completion time is minimized; the completion time of a vehicle is the distance traveled divided by its speed.

Our algorithm relies on a new approximate minimum spanning tree construction called Level-Prim, which is related to but different from Light Approximate Shortest-path Trees. We also extend the widely used tour-splitting technique to nonuniform speeds, using ideas from the 2-approximation algorithm for scheduling in unrelated machines.
Stationary Almost Markov Perfect Equilibria in Discounted Stochastic Games
Authors: Jaśkiewicz Anna , Nowak Andrzej S.
Published: January 2016

In this paper, we study discounted stochastic games with Borel state and compact action spaces depending on the state variable. The primitives of our model satisfy standard continuity and measurability conditions. The transition probability is a convex combination of finitely many probability measures depending on states, and it is dominated by some finite measure on the state space. The coefficients of the combination depend on both states and action profiles. This class of models contains stochastic games with Borel state spaces and finite, state-dependent action sets. Our main result establishes the existence of subgame perfect equilibria, which are stationary in the sense that the equilibrium strategy for each player is determined by a single function of the current and previous states of the game. This dependence is called almost Markov. Our result enhances both the theorem of Mertens and Parthasarathy established in 1991 for games with finite, state-independent action sets, where the equilibrium strategies were also depended on the calendar time, and their result on stationary equilibria proved under an additional condition that the transition probabilities are atomless. A counterexample given very recently by Levy shows that stationary Markov perfect equilibria may not exist in the class of games considered in this paper. The presented results in this work are illustrated by the Cournot dynamic games, which were already considered in the literature under much stronger assumptions.
Optimal Train Dispatching by Benders’-Like Reformulation
Authors: Lamorgese Leonardo , Mannino Carlo , Piacentini Mauro
Published: January 2016

Train movements on railway lines are generally controlled by human dispatchers. Because disruptions often occur, dispatchers make real-time scheduling and routing decisions in an attempt to minimize deviations from the official timetable. This optimization problem is called train dispatching. We represent it as a mixed integer linear programming model, and solve it with a Benders’-like decomposition within a suitable master/slave scheme. Interestingly, the master and the slave problems correspond to a macroscopic and microscopic representation of the railway, recently exploited in heuristic approaches to the problem. The decomposition, along with some new modeling ideas, allowed us to solve real-life instances of practical interest to optimality. Automatic dispatching systems based on our macro/micro decomposition—in which both master and slave are solved heuristically—have been in operation in several Italian lines since 2011. The exact approach described in this paper outperforms such systems on our test bed of real-life instances. Furthermore, a system based on another version of the exact decomposition approach has been in operation since February 2014 on a line in Norway.
Laying hens as family pets: let's do more to help them
Authors: Howorth Jane
Published: January 2016

Being awarded Charity of the Year 2015/2016 by the British Veterinary Nursing Association has offered the British Hen Welfare Trust the opportunity to address a wide range of challenges with the ultimate aim of improving the welfare of backyard laying hens.
Small AnimalReview
Authors: Tennant Bryn
Published: January 2016

Introduction:

Respiratory pathogens including Bordetella bronchiseptica, Mycoplasma cynos and canine adenovirus-2 are found in the upper respiratory tract of healthy dogs.
New year, new role
Authors: Talati Shilla
Published: January 2016

This article discusses the different career pathways that dental nurses can choose within their profession and beyond
Ambulance clinician assessment and management of transient loss of consciousness: a retrospective clinical audit
Authors: Shaw Joanna , Ulrich Alex , Fothergill Rachael T , Whitbread Mark
Published: January 2016

Introduction:

Transient loss of consciousness (T-LOC) is thought to be underestimated and under-managed in the pre-hospital setting. This clinical audit aims to assess the compliance of ambulance clinicians against the National Institute of Clinical Excellence guidance on the management of patients with T-LOC.

Method:

Ninety-four patients' clinical records and electrocardiograms (ECGs) were reviewed to determine appropriateness of assessment and patient management.

Results:

In this limited sample, findings show standard assessments and history documented for all patients were equally well recorded for T-LOC patients, but those specific to T-LOC were not. The number of ECGs conducted and interpreted correctly was an additional area of concern.

Conclusions:

Further assessments and history specific to T-LOC are required in the pre-hospital setting to ensure any potentially serious causes are recognised and these patients are taken to hospital.
Research roundup: January 2016
Authors: Greener Mark
Published: January 2016

In brief

B vitamins might protect against premenstrual syndrome and the associated risk of hypertension Ischemic strokes are more common during the first few weeks of treatment with alpha-blockers Drinking coffee is associated with reduced mortality from several leading causes of death; meanwhile, researchers identified one of coffee's antidiabetic chemicals Warfarin may interact with sulphonylureas, increasing the risk of hospital admissions and emergency department visits
Glucose control with non-insulin based therapies for type 1 diabetes
Authors: Narendran Parth , Smyth Thersa
Published: January 2016

Type 1 diabetes affects about 10% of people with diabetes in the UK. Good glycaemic control is important in preventing complications related to diabetes; however, despite improvements in insulin therapy, most people with type 1 diabetes do not achieve optimal glycaemic control. This article reviews non-insulin adjunctive therapies that, when used alongsider insulin treatment, have the potential to improve glycaemic control.
Identifying polypharmacy in the primary care setting
Authors: Kaufman Gerri
Published: January 2016

Polypharmacy—the use of multiple medicines—is commonly seen in primary care, particularly in older patients, and can be defined as appropriate or problematic. Polypharmacy can be associated with complex networks of interactions ( Duerden et al, 2013 ) and the risk of drug interactions increases significantly the more medicines the patient takes ( Karalliedde et al, 2010 ). The incidence of adverse drug reactions has been shown to increase with the number of medicines taken and age also plays a factor. Nurses working in general practice who care for patients with multi-morbidities and polypharmacy are ideally placed to identify issues related to the use of multiple medicines and reduce the risks of adverse events.
Changes in behaviour in elderly cats and dogs, part 2: management, treatment and prevention
Authors: Warnes Caroline
Published: January 2016

Behaviour changes in elderly cats and dogs can indicate the presence of a number of different medical problems as well as the development of age-related cognitive dysfunction. The quality of life of elderly animals with mobility problems, sensory loss and cognitive dysfunction can be significantly improved through the use of management strategies designed to improve accessibility to their environment and important resources. In addition, there are various treatment options available for animals with cognitive dysfunction including dietary supplementation, increasing mental and physical stimulation and medication. Veterinary nurses need to be able to advise owners about these and help design treatment plans that are appropriate for individual animals taking into account any other health or behavioural problems they may have. They can also advise pet owners about preventive strategies that may help increase cognitive reserve and slow the rate of cognitive decline as animals age.
Control of endoparasites in adult horses
Authors: Chapman Stella
Published: January 2016

There are many factors that contribute to the clinical relevance of endoparasites in adult horses and much research has been undertaken into the factors that cause disease in susceptible equine populations. Many control strategies (for example faecal egg counts) and anthelmintic treatment programmes have been recommended in order to limit the clinical effects of these intestinal parasites; however due to the lack of clinical signs seen in horses most owners have relied on the routine prophylactic use of anthelmintics, and as a result anthelmintic resistance has become a growing concern. Veterinary nurses can play an important role in the continuing education of horse owners by providing advice on such topics as pasture management, targeted dosing and faecal egg counts.
The catalytic potential of equality and human rights commissions
Authors: O'Cinneide Colm
Published: January 2016

When equality commissions were first established in the UK and certain other European and North American states in the 1960s and 1970s, they were expected to play an important role in promoting equality of opportunity and enforcing compliance with the newly enacted anti-discrimination laws of that era. Fifty years on, the UK Equality and Human Rights Commission (EHRC) and equivalent bodies in other states continue to perform these functions – and are increasingly also supposed to promote compliance with a wide range of international human rights standards. However, the capacity of such bodies to act as drivers of legal, political and social change is subject to severe limitations, irrespective of whether they are ‘pure’ equality bodies focused on non-discrimination or ‘merged’ bodies performing a wider range of functions across the human rights field at large.

Some of these constraints are ‘external’ in nature, that is, they relate to their resources, independence, powers and general functioning. Others are more ‘internal’ and existential in nature, that is, they relate to their purpose, functioning, role and relationship with socially disadvantaged groups. Taken together, these constraints hobble the ability of equality and human rights commissions to give effect to a radical agenda of social transformation. However, such bodies can nevertheless still function as effective ‘change agents’ by enforcing anti-discrimination law and promoting respect for fundamental rights – even if the impact of their work will often be incremental and accumulative rather than immediate and dramatic, as explored in this paper by reference to experience from the UK and other states. In this respect, the trend towards establishing merged equality and human rights commissions represents an affirmation of faith in the modest yet still tangible potential of such bodies to make a positive contribution to the progressive development of society at large.
Judaica Librarianship in the Age of the Internet
Authors: Weinberg Bella
Published: January 2016

What is the function of Judaica Librarianship, a printed journal, in the age of the Internet? This question has an underlying assumption: that paper journals will continue to exist in the electronic era. The question as well as the assumption are explored in this editorial.
Judaica Resources on the Internet, for Adults and Children
Authors: Romm Diane , Steinberger Naomi M.
Published: January 2016

Introduces the reader to the history of the Internet and the requirements for accessing it. The three major capabilities of the Internet-electronic mail, telnet, and file transfer protocol are discussed. Examples of how Jewish Internet resources may be used in the educational arena are included. The article concludes with a list of Jewish Internet sites.
The Story of the Sarajevo Haggada
Authors: Bakaršić Kemal
Published: January 2016

The story of the rescue of Sarajevo's Haggada codex during the Second World War was put together first by checking archives and other reliable sources, and thereafter contrasting the findings with the legend itself. It appears that a fictional story has filled a gap in the historical record of the postwar years; the legend has protected persons involved in the salvation of the Haggada.
Association of Jewish Libraries Reference Book Award, 1993
Authors: Pearlstein Peggy
Published: January 2016

Remarks at the Banquet of the Association of Jewish Libraries held in Atlanta, GA, June 21, 1994.
Efficiency of Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy at patients with obesity
Authors: Yashkov Yuriy Ivanovich , Lutsevich Oleg Emmanuilovich , Bordan Natal'ya Semenovna , Ivleva Olga Viktorovna
Published: January 2016

Introduction. Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy (SG) is a relatively new bariatric operation popularity of which is increasing yearly. However many questions regarding this operation are still unclear. Aim of this study is an assessment of efficacy of SG in the patients of different BMI-groups, evaluation of early and late postoperative complications and possible side effects. Materials and methods. From 2004 г. to August 2014 primary laparoscopic SG in CELT-clinic (Moscow) was performed in 263 patients aged 39,1 ± 10,7 yrs, male/female rate - 55:208, initial weight -113,9± 21,34 kg, mean BMI - 40,1± 6,1 kg/m2. Results. There was no mortality, early complications rate was 4,2%. 92,7 % of pts were follow-uped one year and more after surgery. In the entire group maximal excess weight loss (EWL) was 75,8% at 12 months and 63,7% at 60 months postoperatively. EWL depended on initial BMI. In patients with BMI 35 ( n=39) EWL was 94,1 % at 9 months and remained at level of 90 % to 4 year while in the super-obese patients (BMI50, n=10), maximal mean EWL didn’t exceed 40 % at 2 years. Late complications were: reflux- oesophagitis - 5,7 %, cholelithiasis - 2,7 %, iron-deficiency anemia - 16,3%. 4 (1,5%)of ptsunderwent second-step Duodenal Switch in the late period, but actually more patients need second-step surgery due to insufficient effect of SG. Conclusion. SG is prospective, safe and effective operation and may be considered as stand-alone operation as well as first step of more complex operations. Further evaluation of late (5 years) results is necessary as well as a comparison of results with other bariatric operations.