bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation of Progressive Islamic Policy in Regional Leaders of Muhammadiyah North Sumatra Period 2015 – 2020
Authors: Yakub M. , Sampurna Ahmad
Published: July 2023

This research wants to find out the Implementation of Progressive Islamic Policy in the North Sumatra Muhammadiyah Regional Leaders for the 2015 – 2020 period, the supporting factors and obstacles encountered. Using the theory of policy implementation by George C. Edwards III, Merilee S. Grindle and David L. Weimer and Aidan R. Vining, to find out how intense implementation is in the North Sumatra PWM environment. At the same time solving the main problems in this study that are proposed in the problem formulation. Using historical methods with a qualitative approach. The results of the study answer the formulation of the problem, namely PWM North Sumatra has implemented Progressive Islamic movements in various fields (education, health, social, da'wah, humanity and nationality). The PWM program is in accordance with the policy of the central leadership implemented by the Muhammadiyah leadership of North Sumatra. PWM in implementing Progressive Islam faces various challenges both internal and external. Internally there are still many cadres who have not implemented the concept of Progressive Islam and other challenges. While externally there is a misunderstanding of the community towards PWM in terms of the purification of worship. And these challenges continue to be faced with preaching, education and providing good understanding to the community.
Maqashid Syariad Asy-Syatibi Review of Marital Rape in the Sexual Violence Crime Law
Authors: Zulfikar Faisal , Taqiyuddin Hilman , Muchlisin Mohamad
Published: July 2023

In today's life, there are many cases that we often hear about or see that are directly or indirectly related to external sexual violence or marital rape. Therefore it is necessary to formulate rules that can reduce the number of violence, especially marital rape which is a concern for everyone to get married. Maqosid Syariah is one of the appropriate alternative sources of law originating from sources of Islamic law. The following research is a qualitative descriptive research equipped with library research methods with a normative juridical approach. The formulation for regulation of domestic violence in Law Number 12 of 2022 concerning the Law on Sexual Violence has fulfilled the dharuriyat category or primary needs in Maqashid Syariah related to kulliyat al khams, one of the main things, namely Hifzu al-nafs (life protection). In this position, the Act on Sexual Violence can use Maqashid Syariah as an alternative point of view. By formulating these regulations, the concept of Maqashid Syariah can be used for the purpose of common interest has been implemented. With regulations like this, it can be a benchmark for reducing domestic violence.
Interpretation of the Constitution on the Arrangement of State-Owned Enterprises in the National Economic System Based on the Decision of the Constitutional Court
Authors: Harvelian Agnes , Safa’at Muchamad Ali , Widiarto Aan Eko , Qurbani Indah Dwi
Published: July 2023

The constitutional interpretation of the regulation of State-Owned Enterprises (BUMN) is still looking for the right method, BUMN as the embodiment of the constitution for the state's responsibility in managing strategic resources that are used as wide as possible for the prosperity of the people. Submission of a judicial review to the Constitutional Court regarding BUMN can show the direction of constitutional interpretation given by the judges of the Constitutional Court. This article examines whether the constitutional interpretation of SOE arrangements is in accordance with Indonesia's national economic system. The method of approach in this writing is descriptive analysis which explains and analyzes the constitutional interpretation of SOE regulations. the results of the study reveal that the constitutional court has carried out its duties in accordance with the basic principles and principles of the constitution. The Constitutional Court in every decision in the field of BUMN dominates its interpretation by using an originalist interpretation.
Türkçeyi Yabancı Dil Olarak Öğrenenlerin Türkçe Sözcüğüne İlişkin Çağrışım Sözcükleri
Authors: MERCAN Öykü , ŞEN Ülker
Published: July 2023

Yabancı bir dil öğrenmenin çeşitli yolları vardır. Bu yolardan biri de anlam birimleri oluşturmak ve bu anlam birimleri üzerine yeni anlam birimleri oluşturmaktır. Bir anlam biriminden yeni anlam birimleri oluşturmada karşımıza çağrışım kavramı çıkmaktadır. Çağrışım, yeni bir kavram gibi görünse de temelleri Eflatun’a kadar uzanmaktadır. Günümüzde çağrışım, serbest ve kurallı biçimleri ile dil öğretiminde teknik olarak kendine uygulama alanı bulmuştur. Çağrışım tekniği gerek bireyin konuşma ve yazma gibi üretici becerilerinin gerekse okuma ve dinleme gibi alıcı becerilerinin gelişimini desteklerken aynı zamanda bireyin düşünce ve kültür dünyasına ilişkin ipuçları da vermektedir. Çağrışım sözcüklerinin tespitinin başta sözcük öğretimine esas olacak sözlüklerin oluşturulmasında, hedef dilin kavramlarına yönelik duygu ve düşüncelerinin belirlenmesinde, dil- düşünce, dil-kültür ilişkisinin değerlendirilmesinde önemli bir yeri olacağı düşünülmektedir. Bu önemden hareketle bu çalışma, “Türkçe” sözcüğünün yabancı öğrencilerin zihinlerinde oluşturduğu çağrışım sözcüklerini tespit etmek amacıyla hazırlanmıştır. Türkiye’deki bir TÖMER’de A1-C1 seviyelerinde eğitim alan öğrenciler ile yine aynı TÖMER’den mezun olarak bölümdeki eğitimlerine başlamış toplam 108 yabancı uyruklu öğrenci çalışma grubunu oluşturmaktadır. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden tarama modeli esas alınmıştır. Türkçe sözcüğüne ilişkin sözcük çağrışımı görüş formu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Her bir seviye için (A1-2/B1-2/C1/Mezun) ayrı ayrı görüş formu oluşturulmuştur. A1-A2 seviyesinde Türkçe sözcüğünün çağrıştırdığı (anımsattığı/hatırlattığı/aklına getirdiği) ilk 4 sözcük, B1-B2 seviyesinde ilk 6 sözcük, C1 seviyesinde ilk 8 sözcük, TÖMER’den mezun olarak bölümlerde eğitimlerine başlayan öğrenciler için ilk 10 sözcük yazılması istenmiştir. Verilerin analizinde nitel veriler için içerik analizi, nicel verilerin analizi için betimsel istatistik yöntemlerinden frekans (f) ve yüzde (%) analizi yapılmıştır. Türkçe sözcüğüne ilişkin çağrışımlarda ilk sırada “dil” sözcüğünün geldiği, dil sözcüğünü takiben “Türkiye”, “zor”, “kolay”, “güzel”, “üniversite” sözcüklerinin geldiği çalışmanın tespitlerindendir.
Aspects cliniques et pathologiques chez des volailles infectées par  Aspergillus fumigatus  dans le Sud du Nigeria
Authors: Okoye J.O.A. , Gugnani H.C. , Okeke C.N.
Published: July 2023

Cette étude a été entreprise pour obtenir des informations sur l'aspergillose à Aspergillus fumigatus des volailles au Nigeria. La maladie se caractérisait chez les poussins de chair par de la suffocation, de la prostration, de l'amaigrissement et une forte mortalité. Chez les poulettes de deuxième âge à l'engraissement on a observé de l'amaigrissement, de la faiblesse, des diarrhées avec 17 p. 100 de mortalité. La maladie était sporadique chez les pondeuses. Des nodules granulomateux ont été observés chez les oiseaux morts à l'apparition de la maladie. Les nodules étaient nombreux et affectaient principalement les poumons et les sacs aériens thoraciques chez les poulets de chair alors que chez les pondeuses seuls quelques gros nodules étaient observés, principalement dans les sacs aériens abdominaux.
Theory and practice of V.K. Arseniev as a Traveller and Educator
Authors:   Vladivostok State University, Khisamutdinova Natalia V. , Khisamutdinov Amir A. ,   Central Scientific Library Research Department, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science
Published: July 2023

The article reports on the pedagogical activity of the researcher and writer Vladimir Klavdievich Arseniev (1872–1930). Having arrived in 1900 in Vladivostok for military service, he was studying the Russian Far East for 30 years in expeditions that contributed to the regional development. The researcher’s rich experience, extensive knowledge in various academic fields, and the storyteller talent made Arseniev a well-known educator who delivered popular lectures in various organizations. Educational institutions occupy a special place in this list. In some of them he only made reports, while in others he was on the staff and taught lecture courses that were part of the curriculum. He was a lecturer at the People’s University in Vladivostok, the Vladivostok Teachers’ Institute (then the Far Eastern State Pedagogical Institute named after K.D. Ushinsky), participated in the organization of the State Far Eastern University and lectured at its oriental department. Arseniev’s pedagogical activity was based on the one hand, on constant self-education and his own scientific work, and on the other hand, he always tried and improved teaching methodology and attracted students to research and practical work. Thus, Arseniev anticipated the requirements that today are imposed on higher education employees. His example is very demonstrative today, when the goal of higher education is to prepare students for future practical activities. The article is based on V.K. Arseniev’s publications and materials from his personal archives in the Amur Region Study Society (OIAK) in Vladivostok.
The main directions of the development of modern Armenian linguistics
Authors:   National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia,Yerevan, Katvalyan Viktor L. , Khachatryan Lalik M. ,   Abovyan Armenian State Pedagogical University
Published: July 2023

The present paper examines the topical areas of research in the field of linguistics in modern Armenia. These include, first of all, the continuation of work on the creation of a dialectological atlas of the Armenian language. Today, the problems of Armenian ethno- and glottogenesis are of great importance, where theoretical developments related to the description of the development of the Armenian language are of great importance. Scientists of the Institute of Language of the National Academy of Sciences of Armenia are doing a great work on the development of modern Armenian lexicography and terminology. Collaborative work of Armenian scientists is also carried out on the creation of linguistic base for automatic translation, linguistic processing of information.
“On measures for rapprochement with Mongolia”: Rhetorical decoding of an analytical note
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Morina (Golyshkina) Lyudmila A.
Published: July 2023

The results of a study of the dispositive organization of the analytical note of the Russian statesman A.I. Despot-Zenovich (1828–1894) “On measures for rapprochement with Mongolia” (1862) devoted to the analysis of Russian-Mongolian relations are presented. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is the concept of decoding rhetoric, aimed at reconstructing the mechanisms of text formation in the light of the category of effectiveness. Decoding rhetoric recognizes the principle of multicompositionality. The basic aspects of the compositional structure of the analytical note are considered which make it possible to identify the idiostyle originality of the text. The formal-pragmatic aspect describes the specifics of the macrostructure of the text which demonstrates the breadth of the problems of the text and sets the strategic text-forming directions – narrative and reflexive-evidential. The argumentative aspect reveals the mechanisms for creating a text by analyzing argumentation complexes representing reasoning. The implementation of the triad “thesis — arguments — conclusion” is traced both in the argumentation of the narrative type and the reflexive-evidential one. The verification of the effectiveness of the text under study is carried out by referring to the text-reaction — the report of the Russian consul in Urga K.N. Boborykin.
Variability of proverbs and sayings (on the example of Lezghin material)
Authors:   Tsadasa Institute of Language, Literature and Art  Dagestan Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Gasharova Aida R.
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of the variability of Lezghi folk proverbs and sayings. We consider the features of the phenomenon of variability in the aphoristic genre of Lezghins. Particular attention is paid to cases of variation and interchange, since variability is one of the main conditions for the existence of folklore works. The purpose of the work is to indicate and designate not only similarities, but also differences in the corpus of proverbial variants, which will allow us to first systematically and typologically describe the variability of the aphoristic genre. The paremiological fund of Lezghins presents traditional versions of proverbs and sayings. One of the main distinguishing features of proverbs, along with tradition, is variability and variability. It is noted that the variability of a number of proverbs can be correlated with the semantics of words and the types of their transformation. It is proved that the variants preserve the compositional-semantic integrity of the verbal unit. To establish structural patterns in specific variants, it is necessary to have a theoretically substantiated idea of the variation processes. It is possible to build a typology of variability only if one has a large corpus of factual material. The material of the study was proverbs and sayings from dictionaries and folklore collections. Considered more 15 000 proverbs were examined, from which the corresponding samples were extracted by the method of continuous sampling. We divided proverbs and sayings into separate groups based on their logical structure. We have analyzed the following forms of proverbial transformation: contamination and rethinking of the informative part, as well as reduction (reduction, truncation) and expansion (strengthening) of the constituent part. The proposed analysis can be considered as a statement of the problem that requires further more thorough development.
Metaphorics of a modern literary text (based on the novel by G. Muller “The Swing of Breath”)
Authors:   Moscow State Pedagogical University, Shipova Irina A.
Published: July 2023

The article aims to consider the metaphor of a literary text as a reflection of ideological or aesthetic priorities typical of a certain era, as a manifestation of the national and cultural conditionality of its author’s work and as a way of expressing a linguistic picture of the world, closely interconnected with its ideological and artistic principles and life experience. The corpus of the study is represented by the text of the novel “The Swing of the Breath” by Herta Müller, who received the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2009 for it. The metaphor of this text as a set of metaphors, which are the main method of artistic expression in the novel, are characterized by special properties: they are mainly cognitive metaphors, the basis for which is the method of transforming the objective world into a symbolic presentation of abstract concepts. The spread of personifications, replacing communication with people and between people with contacts with inanimate objects, reflects the author’s rejection of totalitarianism as a principle of power that humiliates the human person, which, as a result, refuses to sympathize with one’s neighbor. Non-traditional ways of creating metaphors are shown through the method of word creation, the combination of incompatible elements of the language, giving the effect of vivid poetic expressiveness. Attention is also paid to the linguocultural specifics of G. Muller’s work.
Friends’ correspondence as the space of philosophizing
Authors:   Pushkin Leningrad State University, Demidova Olga R.
Published: July 2023

The article analyses the 1920–1930s correspondence between G. Adamovich and Z. Gippius treated as a case of friendly philosophical correspondence typical of both Russian and European 18th and 19th century epistolary tradition. To understand the above mentioned phenomenon it is vital to regard the conceptual sequence “friendship — trust — loyalty — faith — freedom” as perceived by the corresponding parties applying a complex methodology with the comparative and hermeneutic approaches as the core.
Artistic originality of A. Campanile’s novel “What is Love?”
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Gurenkova Julia V.
Published: July 2023

The article presents an analysis of the first novel by A. Campanile “What is love?” (1927). A. Campanile is a little-known Italian writer-comedian in Russia, whose work has not been sufficiently studied in Italian and foreign literary criticism. The novel “What is love?” is not translated into Russian. In Italy, the novel was a great success, even though the comic tradition at that time was not well developed, critics did not take humorous works seriously. The purpose of this work is to comprehend the role and significance of the author’s heritage in the history of Italian and world literature, consider humorous techniques and analyze the comic technique in A. Campanile’s novel “What is love?” The main methodological basis of the study is a combination of historical-literary, historical-cultural, and comparative methods. The materials presented in the article allow us to conclude that the novel “What is love?” does not have the structure of a traditional novel. The main comic techniques include the disruption of the communication process between the characters, absurd characterizations, the technique of shifting and thickening (Z. Freud). The writer’s passion for mixing styles, montage writing technique testifies to Campanile’s predilection for experimental literature. The text is distinguished by the montage technique of the composition. The writer achieves a comic effect not only through paradox, word play, illogicality, but also through the novel’s unconventional form, structure violation, useless inserts and remarks.
Towards an Inclusive Pedagogy: Applying the Universal Design for Learning in an Introduction to History of Global Art Course in Ghana
Authors: Adom Dickson , Abroampa Winston Kwame , Amoako Richard , Toquero Cathy Mae , Kquofi Steve
Published: July 2023

This convergent parallel mixed methods study was aimed at addressing the lack of empirical studies in the implementation of Universal Design for Learning (UDL) as an inclusive pedagogy in the Ghanaian higher education context. The overarching objective was to find out whether UDL has the potential in improving the learning processes and learning outcomes of the diverse students reading a History of Global Art course. Quantitative and qualitative data sets were garnered from 122 conveniently sampled students using an adapted version of the Inclusive Teaching Strategies Inventory-Students (ITSI-S) survey instrument. The findings of the study revealed that the UDL principles of multiple means of representation, multiple means of engagement and multiple means of action and expression impacted positively on students’ learning processes and outcomes. UDL assisted greatly in the development of collaborative, problem-solving, good time management and critical thinking skills, while increasing learners’ level of motivation. The study contends that though the UDL as an inclusive pedagogical approach requires a lot of dedication on the part of the instructor as well as a great deal of time and material resources, the accrued benefits of its implementation on the students’ learning processes and learning outcomes are far-reaching.
Apresentação
Authors: RUA
Published: July 2023

Com muito prazer apresentamos o primeiro número do vigésimo nono volume da revista Rua desse ano de 2023. Trata-se de um número composto, na sua seção Estudos, de artigos que respondem à chamada habitual de submissões e de um potente dossiê submetido em sua integralidade para compor a revista.
Scaling fast, failing faster: Entrepreneurial team’s capabilities for achieving realized digital scaling
Authors: Milhailova Irina
Published: July 2023

The objective of this work is to examine the entrepreneurial teams’ key capabilities required to achieve realized international scaling of an entrepreneurial digital firm. Through explorative case studies of six Finnish digital firms exhibiting differences in scaling outcomes, this study suggests that a combination of the digital, entrepreneurial, and dynamic capabilities is a vital prerequisite of a realized digital scaling. Research findings also draw attention to the fact that albeit digital affordances offer unprecedented possibilities for international scaling, it is the digital venture’s founder who plays a key role in utilizing and transforming these possibilities into successful international scaling.
Los nómadas digitales desde la perspectiva de la comunidad local ¿qué opinan las partes interesadas?
Authors: Hannonen Olga , Aguiar-Quintana Teresa , Lehto Xinran Y.
Published: July 2023

A pesar del crecimiento del nomadismo digital propiciado por la pandemia Covid-19, así como su importancia creciente para la industria turística, esta forma de vida en la que turismo y ocio se combinan representa, en la actualidad, un tema escasamente analizado en la literatura. Para cubrir este vacío, el presente trabajo profundiza en el conocimiento de los nómadas digitales desde la perspectiva del destino turístico y de la comunidad local. Del estudio de casos llevado a cabo en la isla de Gran Canaria derivan relevantes implicaciones prácticas.
Proyectos de ciencia ciudadana: vías para promocionarlos
Authors: Armengol-Pérez Idaira , García-Cabrera Antonia Mercedes
Published: July 2023

Este artículo analiza el impacto que las redes sociales y las plataformas en línea pueden tener en el fomento de proyectos de ciencia ciudadana. Como la ciencia ciudadana busca un comportamiento más participativo de la sociedad en el proceso científico, es necesario que los investigadores tradicionales adopten una actitud abierta que facilite tal participación, en particular: (1) ser conscientes y creer en el valor de la contribución del ciudadano al proceso científico; y (2) facilitar la participación de actores no científicos en proyectos de investigación, lo cual puede lograrse a través de redes sociales y plataformas en línea.
Asociación entre los niveles de actividad física y los síntomas de depresión y ansiedad en estudiantes de Medicina Humana
Authors: Arrascue Joaquín , Quispe Augusto
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: Evaluar la asociación entre los niveles de actividad física y los síntomas de depresión y ansiedad en estudiantes de Medicina Humana. Métodos: Estudio observacional transversal que empleó tres cuestionarios: el Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) para evaluar síntomas de depresión, la Escala de Ansiedad Generalizada (GAD-7) y el Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física, versión corta (IPAQ). Resultados: Participaron 146 alumnos en el estudio. A mayor nivel de actividad física hubo un menor puntaje en las escalas de depresión y ansiedad; sin embargo, no se encontraron diferencias significativas en las medianas de los puntajes del PHQ-9 (p = 0,121) y GAD-7 (p = 0,393) entre los tres niveles de actividad física. Se encontró que las mujeres y los estudiantes de los tres primeros años universitarios tuvieron mayores puntajes en las escalas PHQ-9 y GAD-7. Conclusiones: Hubo una tendencia no significativa a que los estudiantes de Medicina con mayor actividad física tuvieran menores puntajes en escalas de depresión y ansiedad.
Signo de la cruz en una paciente peruana con ataxia espinocerebelosa tipo 2: reporte de un caso
Authors: Tantalean-Gutierrez Lily , Tacca-Quinteros Paola
Published: July 2023

La ataxia espinocerebelosa tipo 2 (SCA2) es una enfermedad neurodegenerativa hereditaria autosómica dominante, causada por una expansión anormal del trinucleótido CAG en el gen ATXN2. La SCA2 se presenta habitualmente en la edad adulta, con ataxia progresiva asociada a neuropatía periférica, alteración de movimientos oculares,parkinsonismo, entre otros síntomas. Exámenes auxiliares aplicables incluyen pruebas bioquímicas, neuroimágenes, como resonancia magnética cerebral, y estudio genético molecular. Describimos, por primera vez en la población peruana, el caso de una mujer de mediana edad con diagnóstico confirmado de SCA2, cuya resonancia magnética cerebral muestra el signo de la cruz (o hot cross bun sign).
Developed Method. Interactions and Their Quantum Picture
Authors: Ogonowski Piotr
Published: July 2023

By developing the previously proposed method of combining continuum mechanics with Einstein Field Equations, it has been shown that the classic relativistic description, curvilinear description, and quantum description of the physical system may be reconciled. For a system with an electromagnetic field, the Lagrangian density equal to the invariant of the electromagnetic field was obtained, vanishing four-divergence of canonical four-momentum appears to be consequence of the Poyinting theorem, and explicit form of one of gauges of the electromagnetic four-potential was introduced. The proposed method allows for further development with additional fields.
Finding an Extension of the Expected Value That Is Unique, Finite, and Natural for All Functions in Prevalent Subset of the Set of All Functions
Authors: Krishnan Bharath
Published: July 2023

Suppose for n∈ ℕ, set A⊆ℝⁿ and function f∶A→ℝⁿ. If set A, using the Hausdorff outer measure, is measurable in the sense of Carathèodory; we want to find an extension of the expected value, w.r.t the Hausdorff measure, that's unique, finite and "natural" (defined on §2.3 & §2.4) for all f in a prevalent subset of ℝᴬ. The issue is current extensions of the expected value are finite for all functions in only a shy subset of ℝᴬ. The reason this issue wasn't resolved is mathematicians have not thought of the problem, focusing on application rather than generalization. Despite the lack of potential use, we'll attempt to solve the problem by defining a choice function---this shall choose a unique set of equivalent sequences of sets (Fₖ***) , where the set-theoretic limit of Fₖ*** is the graph of f; the measure Hʰ is the ℎ-Hausdorff measure, such for each k∈ℕ, 0 < Hʰ(Fₖ***) < +∞; and (fₖ*) is a sequence of functions where {(x,fₖ*(x))∶x∈ dom(Fₖ***)}=Fₖ***. Thus, the extended expected value of or E**[f,Fₖ***] is: ∀(ε>0)∃(N∈ℕ)∀(k∈N)(k≥N⇒1/Hʰ(dom(Fₖ***))∫dom(Fₖ*** )fₖ* dHʰ - E**[f,Fₖ***]<ε ) which should be unique, finite, and "natural" (defined on §2.3 & §2.4) for all f in a prevalent subset of ℝᴬ. Note we guessed the choice function using computer programming but we don’t use mathematical proofs due to the lack of expertise in the subject matter. Despite this, the biggest use of this research is the extension of the expected value is finite for "almost all" functions: this is easier to use in application when finding the "average" of functions covering an infinite expanse of space.
Deflection of Null and Time-like Geodesics in Topological Defects Space-Time Geometry
Authors: Ahmed Faizuddin , Kayum Abdul , Choudhury Monjur Alom , Hassan Mahmudul
Published: July 2023

In this research, we investigate the bending of photon light and/or time-like geodesics within the context of four-dimensional space-time geometry, specifically in the presence of topological defects. These topological defects manifest as cosmic string space-time configurations, encompassing screw dislocation, spiral dislocation, and spacelike dislocation. Our primary objective is to determine the extent of deflection experienced by light-like and time-like geodesics and analyze how this deflection is affected by the cosmic string parameter, screw dislocation parameter, and spacelike dislocation parameter. To accomplish this, we employ a derivation technique that centers on the observation that photon rays (light-like geodesics) and/or time-like geodesics follow paths parallel to the z-axis while maintaining a constant radius along the cylinder.
Excited-State Dynamics Leading either to Triplet Formation or Coordinative Expansion following Photolysis of Cu(II)-5,10,15,20-meso-tetrakis(phenyl)porphyrin or Cu(II)-5,10,15,20-meso-tetrakis(N-methylpyridium-4-yl)porphyrin: A DFT, TD-DFT, Luminescence and Femtosecond Time-Resolved Absorbance Study
Authors: McGarry Ross , Varvarezos Lazaros , Pryce Mary T. , Long Conor
Published: July 2023

The photophysical properties of Cu(II) complexes with 5,10,15,20-meso-tetrakis(phenyl)porphyrin and 5,10,15,20-meso-tetrakis(N-methylpyridium-4-yl)porphyrin were examined by luminescence and femtosecond time-resolved absorbance methods respectively. These studies were supported by DFT and TD-DFT calculations which highlight the important role played by a ligand-to-metal charge-transfer states in directing the system towards either intersystem crossing to the triplet hypersurface or coordinative expansion to a five-coordinate quasi-stable intermediate. The latter processes occurs when the porphyrin is photolyzed in the presence of suitably located Lewis bases. Femtosecond time resolved absorbance measurements on Cu(II)-5,10,15,20-meso-tetrakis(N-methylpyridium-4-yl)porphyrin confirm that the coordinative expansion in water occurs in approximately 700 fs while crossing to the triplet hypersurface takes approximately 140 fs in the same solvent. These processes are mutually exclusive, but both can occur simultaneously depending on the environment of the porphyrin. The ratio of the two processes depends on the relative orientation of the Lewis base with respect to the copper atom at the time of excitation. As a consequence, copper porphyrins such as these, are excellent probes to the environment of the porphyrin, and can be used to identify the location of the porphyrin when interacting with DNA fragments.
Energy Efficiency and Performance Evaluation of an Exterior-Rotor Brushless DC Motor and Drive System Across the Full Operating Range
Authors: Hsieh Tsung-Han , Yeon Seong Ho , Herr Hugh
Published: July 2023

In recent years, exterior-rotor brushless DC motors have become increasingly popular in robotics applications due to their compact shape and high torque density. However, these motors were originally used for continuous operation in drones. For applications such as exoskeletons, prostheses, or legged robots, short bursts of high power are often required. Unfortunately, vendors do not typically provide data on the motors' performance under these conditions. This paper presents experimental data on the torque-speed relationship, efficiency, and thermal responses of one of the most widely used outrunner-type brushless motors across its full operating range, including high-power, short-duration operation. The results of this study can inform the selection and design of actuators for a range of robotics applications, particularly those that require high power output for brief periods of time.
Prognostic Factors in Patients with Metastatic Spinal Cord Compression Secondary to Lung Cancer – a Retrospective UK Single-Center Study
Authors: Vassiliou Anna , Osunronbi Temidayo , Enyioma Synthia , Rago Gerardo , Karathanasi Afroditi , Ghose Aruni , Sheriff Matin , Mikropoulos Christos , Sanchez Elisabet , Moschetta Michele , CHARGARI Cyrus , Rassy Elie , Boussios Stergios
Published: July 2023

Purpose: Metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC) is a severe complication of cancer that can lead to irreversible neurological impairment, necessitating prompt recognition and intervention. This retrospective, single-center study aimed to determine the prognostic factors and survival rates among patients presenting with MSCC secondary to lung cancer. Methods and Materials: We identified 74 patients with epidural metastases-related spinal cord compression and a history of lung cancer, through the electronic database of Medway Maritime Hospital in United Kingdom (UK), spanning the period from April 2016 to September 2021. Among them, 39 were below 55 years old, while 35 were aged 55 years or older, whereas 24 patients were diagnosed with small cell lung cancer (SCLC), and 50 patients had non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Results: The median overall survival (OS) was 5.5 months, with 52 out of 74 patients dying within 6 months of the diagnosis of MSCC. For the entire cohort, the statistically significant variables on multi-variate analysis were: cancer type (NSCLC had improved OS), number of involved vertebrae (one to two vertebrae involvement had improved OS) and time taken to develop motor deficits (≤10 days to develop motor deficits had worsened OS). For the NSCLC cohort, the statistically significant variables on multivariate analysis were: molecular alterations (patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation), pre-treatment ambulatory status, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status, and time taken to develop motor deficits. Conclusions: Within the entire cohort, patients diagnosed with NSCLC and spinal metastases affecting one to two vertebrae exhibited enhanced OS. Within the NSCLC subgroup, those with EGFR mutations, who were ambulatory, and possessed an ECOG performance status of 1-2, demonstrated improved OS. In both the entire cohort and NSCLC subgroup, the development of motor deficits within a period of ≤10 days was associated with poorer OS.
Combined Biologic Augmentation Strategies with Collagen Patch Graft, Microfractures and Platelet Concentrate Injections Improve Functional and Structural Outcomes of Arthroscopic Revision Rotator Cuff Repair
Authors: Colosio Alessandro , Bergomi Andrea , Pratobevera Andrea , Paderno Marco , Saccomanno Maristella Francesca , Milano Giuseppe
Published: July 2023

Background: Arthroscopic revision rotator cuff repair (ARRCR) is challenging. Biologic strategies seem to be promising. The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of combination of microfractures of the greater tuberosity, augmentation with collagen patch graft, and platelet concentrate injections in ARRCR.
Methods: A retrospective comparative study was conducted on patients that underwent ARRCR with minimum two-years follow-up. Patients in the augmentation group underwent ARRCR combined with microfractures, collagen patch graft, and postoperative subacromial injections of platelet concentrate. A standard rotator cuff repair was performed in the control group. Primary outcome: Constant Murley score (CMS). Secondary outcomes: disease-specific health-related quality of life by using the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score; assessment of tendon integrity with magnetic resonance at least six months after surgery. Significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results: Forty patients were included. Mean follow-up was 36.2 + 8.7 months. The mean CMS was greater in the augmentation group (p = 0.022). No differences could be found for DASH score. Healing failure rate was higher in the control group (p = 0.002).
Conclusion: Biologic augmentation of ARRCR by combination of microfractures, collagen patch graft and subacromial injections of platelet concentrate is an effective strategy in improving tendon healing rate.
Laser-Driven Ion Sources Generated by Ns Laser Pulses at the Intensity Range of 1013–1015 W/cm2
Authors: Giuffrida Lorenzo , Istokskaia Valeriia , Picciotto Antonino , Kantarelou Vasiliki , Barozzi Mario , Dell`Anna Rosanna , Divoký Martin , Denk Ondrej , Giubertoni Damiano , Grepl Filip , Hadjikyriacou Asenios , Hanus Martin , Krása Josef , Kucharik Milan , Levato Tadzio , Navratil Petr , Pilar Jan , Schillaci Francesco , Stancek Stanislav , Tosca Marco , Tryus Maksym , Velyhan Andriy , Lucianetti Antonio , Mocek Tomáš , Margarone Daniele
Published: July 2023

An experimental platform for laser-driven ion (sub-MeV) acceleration and potential applications was recently commissioned at the HiLASE laser facility. The auxiliary beam of the Bivoj laser system operating at GW peak power (~10 J in 5-10 ns) and 1-10 Hz repetition rate enabled a sta-ble production of high-current ion beams of multiple species (Al, Ti, Fe, Si, Cu, Sn). The pro-duced laser-plasma ion sources were fully characterized against the laser intensity on target (1013-1015 W/cm2) by varying the laser energy, focal spot size, and pulse duration. This al-lowed to provide accurate scaling laws of the maximum ion energy for the different target ma-terials investigated. Such experimental scaling laws are presented for the first time in the inves-tigated laser intensity range and for ns-class laser pulses, and allow to provide a qualitative in-terpretation of the laser-plasma interaction underpinning physics, thus to tune the main features of the accelerated ion beams (energy, temperature, and current). Such a detailed study was facil-itated by the large amount of data acquired at high repetition rate (1-10 Hz) provided by the Bivoj laser system.
The versatility and tuneability of such high-repetition-rate laser-plasma ion sources are of po-tential interest for multidisciplinary user applications.
AI Will Change EA Practice – but Are We Ready for It? A Call for Discussion Based on Developments in Collecting and Processing Biodiversity Data
Authors: Sandfort Robin , Uhlhorn Birthe , Geissler Gesa , Lyhne Ivar , Jiricka-Pürrer Alexandra
Published: July 2023

The opportunities and potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Environmental Assessment (EA) are often mentioned. However, do we in the EA field understand the implications of what is happening in other biological sciences, and are we preparing for the changes that are coming? This interdisciplinary letter focuses on AI-driven developments in biodiversity data and analysis as a starting point for stimulating discussion about what AI means in practice for the field of EA. We highlight implications for training, transformation of practice and decision making as first steps in a research agenda.
Solar Geoengineering to Stop Annual Global Warming
Authors: Feinberg Alec
Published: July 2023

Solar geoengineering (SG) solutions have many advantages compared to the difficulty of carbon removal (CR): SG produces fast results, is shown here to have much higher efficiency than CR, is not related to fossil fuel legislation, and is something we all can participate in brightening the Earth with cool roofs, and roads. SG requirements detailed previously to mitigate global warming (GW) have been concerning primarily because of overwhelming goals and climate circulation issues. In this paper, higher feasibility is provided for solar geoengineering applications by focusing on physics-based estimates to stop annual increases in GW. Annual solar geoengineering (ASG) area modification requirements found here are generally 50 to possibly higher than 150 times less compared to the challenge of full SG GW mitigation. Results indicate that AI paint drone technology is likely needed for Earth brightening to meet annual mitigation goals. As well, results indicate much higher feasibility for L1 space shading compared to prior literature estimates for full GW mitigation. However, stratosphere injections appear challenging in the annual approach. A serious issue with implementing ASG is the problem of worldwide negative SG which currently dominates yearly practices with the application of dark asphalt roads and roofs. This issue is discussed.
Environmental Resilience Technology: Sustainable Solutions Using Value-Added Analytics in a Changing World
Authors: Stavros E. Natasha , Gezon Caroline , St Denis Lise , Iglesias Virginia , Zapata Christina , Byrne Michael , Cooper Laurel , Cook Maxwell , Doyle Ethan , Stephens Jilmarie , Tapia Mario , Tuff Ty , Thomas Evan , Maxted SJ , Sen Rana , Balch Jennifer K.
Published: July 2023

Global climate change and associated environmental extremes present a pressing need to understand and predict social-environmental impacts while identifying opportunities for mitigation and adaptation. In support of informing a more resilient future, emerging data analytics technologies can leverage the growing availability of Earth observations from diverse data sources ranging from satellites to sensors to social media. Yet, there remains a need to transition from research for knowledge gain to sustained operational deployment. In this paper, we use the Wisdom-Knowledge-Information-Data (WKID) Innovation framework to inform solutions-oriented science in an integrated Research to Commercialization (R2C) model that explores market viability for value-added analytics. We conduct a case study using this R2C model to address the wicked wildfire problem. By integrating WKID and human centered design (HCD), through an industry-university partnership called the Climate Innovation Collaboratory between the University of Colorado Boulder and Deloitte Consulting, we systematically evaluated 39 different user stories across 8 user personas and identified common gaps, how to define information technologies that add value, and how to develop a marketable product. This R2C model could enable transition of knowledge to operational implementation informing policy and decision makers, tasked with addressing some of our most challenging environmental problems.
A Proposed Explainable Artificial Intelligence-Based Machine Learning Model for Discriminative Metabolites for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Authors: Yagin Fatma Hilal , Alkhateeb Abedalrhman , Raza Ali , Samee Nagwan Abdel , Mahmoud Noha F. , Colak Cemil , Yagin Burak
Published: July 2023

Background: Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a complex and debilitating disease with a significant global prevalence of over 65 million individuals. It affects various systems, including the immune, neurological, gastrointestinal, and circulatory systems. Studies have shown abnormalities in immune cell types, increased inflammatory cytokines, and brain abnormalities. Further research is needed to identify consistent biomarkers and develop targeted therapies. A multidisciplinary approach is essential for diagnosing, treating, and managing this complex disease. The current study aims at employing explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) and machine learning (ML) techniques to identify discriminative metabolites for ME/CFS. Material and Methods: The present study used a metabolomics dataset of CFS patients and healthy controls, including 26 healthy controls and 26 ME/CFS patients aged 22-72. The dataset encapsulated 768 metabolites, classified into nine metabolic super-pathways: amino acids, carbohydrates, cofactors, vitamins, energy, lipids, nucleotides, peptides, and xenobiotics. Random forest-based feature selection and Bayesian Approach based-hyperparameter optimization were implemented on the target data. Four different ML algorithms [Gaussian Naive Bayes (GNB), Gradient Boosting Classifier (GBC), Logistic regression (LR) and Random Forest Classifier (RFC)] were used to classify individuals as ME/CFS patients and healthy individuals. XAI approaches were applied to clinically explain the prediction decisions of the optimum model. Performance evaluation was performed using the indices of accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, Brier score, and AUC. Results: The metabolomics of C-glycosyltryptophan, oleoylcholine, cortisone, and 3-hydroxydecanoate were determined to be crucial for ME/CFS diagnosis. The RFC learning model outperformed GNB, GBC, and LR in ME/CFS prediction using the 1000 iteration bootstrapping method, achieving 98% accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, 0.01 Brier score, and 99% AUC. Conclusion: RFC model proposed in this study correctly classified and evaluated ME/CFS patients through the selected biomarker candidate metabolites. The methodology combining ML and XAI can provide a clear interpretation of risk estimation for ME/CFS, helping physicians intuitively understand the impact of key metabolomics features in the model.
Timing and Performance Metrics for TWR-K70F120M device
Authors: Adam George K.
Published: July 2023

Currently Single Board Computers (SBCs) are sufficiently powerful to run Real-Time Operating Systems (RTOSs) and applications with real-time attributes and requirements. SBCs serve as a foundation in Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). The NXP Semiconductors produces a series of SBCs based on ARM-processors for a variety of industrial applications. The continuous increase in real-time data generated by IoT devices adds further research issues about the efficiency of such systems and applications. The purpose of this research was to investigate the timing performance of an NXP TWR-K70F120M device with μClinux OS on running concurrently tasks with real-time features and constraints. A custom-built multithreaded application with specific compute-intensive sorting and matrix operations was developed and applied to obtain measurements in specific timing metrics, including task’s execution time, threads waiting time, and response time, under different threads variations. The performance of this device was additionally benchmarked and validated against favorite platforms, a Raspberry Pi4 and BeagleBone AI SBCs. The experimental results showed that this device stands well both in terms of timing and efficiency metrics. Execution times were quite lower than the others, by approximately 56% in the case of two threads, and by 29% in the case of thirty-two threads configurations.
Application of Speech Recognition Technology Based on Channel Adversarial Training in the Field of Speech Recognition System
Authors: Gui Suying , Zhou Chuan , Wang Hao , Gao Tiegang
Published: July 2023

With the rapid development of big data, artificial intelligence, and Internet technologies, the human-human contact and human-machine interaction have produced an explosive growth of voice data. Rapidly identifying the speaker's identity and retrieving and managing his or her speech data in the massive amount of speech data has become a major challenge for intelligent speech applications in the field of information security. This research proposes a vocal recognition technique based on information adversarial training for speaker identity recognition in massive audio and video, and speaker identification when oriented to the information security domain. The experimental results show that the method projects data from different scene channels all onto the same space and dynamically generates interactive speaker representations. It solves the channel mismatch problem and effectively improves the recognition of speaker's voice patterns across channels and scenes. It is able to separate overlapping voices when multiple people speak at the same time and reduce speaker separation errors. It realizes speaker voice recognition for information security field and achieves 89% recall rate in massive database, which has practical application value for intelligent application field.
Improving Flavor of Enzymatically Hydrolyzed Beef Liquid by Sonication
Authors: Ye Chao , Zhang Zhangkai , Zhang Zhi-Hong , He Ronghai , Zhao Xue , Gao Xianli
Published: July 2023

Beef potentiator is an important flavor enhancer in food industry, while it is prone to generating insufficient taste compounds and off-odor compounds during enzymatic hydrolysis of beef, resulting in poor flavor of beef potentiator. It has been extensively reported that sonication is capable of improving food flavor. However, the effect of sonication on the flavor of enzymatically hydrolyzed beef liquid (EHBL) was scarcely reported. Herein, we investigated the effect of sonication on the flavor of EHBL using quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA), physicochemical analysis and SPME-GC-olfactometry/MS. QDA showed that sonication had a significant effect on taste improvement and off-odor removal of EHBL. Compared with the control, sonication (40 kHz, 80 W/L) increased the contents of total nitrogen, formaldehyde nitrogen, total sugar, reducing sugar, free amino acids (FAAs) and hydrolysis degree of EHBL by 19.25%, 19.80%, 11.83%, 9.52%, 14.37% and 20.45%. Notably, sonication markedly enhanced the contents of sweet FAAs, umami FAAs and bitter FAAs of EHBL by 19.66%, 14.04% and 9.18%, respectively, which contributed to the taste improvement of EHBL. SPME-GC-olfactometry/MS analysis showed that aldehydes and alcohols were the main contributors to aroma compounds of EHBL, sonication significantly increased the contents of key aroma compounds and 115.88% of alcohols content in EHBL. Notably, sonication decreased contents of the fishy odorants, hexanoic acid and nonanal, markedly by 35.29% and 26.03%, which was responsible for the aroma improvement of EHBL. Therefore, sonication could become a new potential tool to improve the flavor of EHBL.