bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Turkey’s E.U Membership: Perception, Brexit, Implications and Possibilities
Authors: Gamawa Yusuf Ibrahim
Published: May 2020

Turkey’s attempt to join the European Union has remained as controversial as ever, even at this point when countries like U.K are leaving the EU, Turkey’s membership to the Union has remain a concern and is being discussed in many circles. This paper tries to analyze Turkey’s attempt at becoming an EU member, and looks at the chances of Turkey’s membership and the implications that may accompany it, for Turkey and for Europe or the world. The research contends that membership for Turkey cannot be completely ruled out irrespective of what consequences it would have for Turkey or Europe. The change in perception on both the side of Turkey and the EU justifies such a position. The paper it is expected will contribute to the existing debate about the EU and its expansion, Brexit and its implication for Europe, the world and Turkey, and how countries like Turkey might fit. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3376367
Biochemical composition of the hops and quality of the finished beer
Authors: Bober Anatolii , Liashenko Mykola , Protsenko Lidiia , Slobodyanyuk Natalia , Matseiko Liudmyla , Yashchuk Nadiia , Gunko Sergiy , Mushtruk Mikhailo
Published: May 2020

The large varieties of hops and hop products used in the brewing industry. Various in the biochemical composition, individual approaches to the brewing technology of each hop product are required in order to obtain a high-quality beer with a characteristic bitter taste and aroma. The purpose of this work was to study the biochemical composition of pressed conical hops, pellets of hop type 90, type 45, ethanolic and CO2 extracts of hop of various varieties, and their influence on the quality of the finished beer. As a result of comprehensive research on hops and hop products of various varieties, using the modern biochemical methods were determined differences in their biochemical composition depend on the absolute values such parameters as the mass fraction of α-acids, b-acids and their composition, xanthohumol, general polyphenols, essential oils, the ratio of their valuable components of hops: b-acids to a-acids and also for quantity of general polyphenols, essential oils per unit of α-acids. Based on the results of the biochemical composition of hops and hop products were investigated their influence on the quality of beer and were determined their using in brewing.
Relationship between Corporate Capital Structure and Stocks Liquidity: Empirical Evidence in Vietnam
Authors: Vu Van Thi Thuy , Tran Thoa Thi , Ngo Xuan Thanh , Nguyen Linh Nhat
Published: May 2020

The paper examines the impact of capital structure on the liquidity of listed shares on the Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange, which includes 1078 observations during the period of 2011 – 2017. In addition to the capital structure, the study also looked at the impact of controlled variables including profitability (ROS), corporate value (Tobin’s Q) and size of the business (SIZE) on the liquidity of listed shares. The results show that the capital structure has inherently inverse relationship, while the controlled variables in the model have a positive relationship with stocks’ liquidity.
Following a Low Carbohydrate, High Fat Diet Compared to Reduced Calorie, High Carbohydrate Diet as a Nutritional Intervention in Type Two Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lewis Joy , Haubrick Kevin
Published: May 2020

There is evidence supporting individuals with type 2 diabetes benefit from lifestyle changes through a nutrition intervention that improves diabetic (blood glucose and HgbA1c) and cardiovascular (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides) biomarkers. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate if patients with type 2 diabetes following a low carbohydrate, high fat eating pattern is more effective than following a reduced caloric, high carbohydrate eating pattern in the improvement of diabetic (blood glucose and HgbA1c) and cardiovascular (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides) biomarkers. A literature search was conducted on peer-reviewed research trials registered in PubMed, from January 2007 to September 2019 using combinations of the search terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 AND Diet, Ketogenic; OR Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted. The literature was analyzed in chronological order; grouping in four year increments from 2007 to 2019. The thirty-six articles reviewed provide evidence to support the use of a low carbohydrate diet in patients with type 2 diabetes versus a reduced caloric diet. This systematic review highlighted diabetic (HgbA1c and fasting blood glucose) and cardiovascular biomarkers (HDL) of type 2 diabetic patients improve significantly when following a low-carbohydrate, high fat diet versus a reduced calorie, high carbohydrate intake.
Ulike definisjoner av begrepet «affekt» og dets anvendelsesområde: Begrepets betydning for samtidens scenekunst og -kommunikasjon
Authors: Hovik Lise
Published: May 2020

Tittelen for denne forelesningen har jeg tolket som en invitasjon til å skrive meg inn i den store historisk-filosofiske tradisjonen. Det kjennes betydningsfullt ut, fordi de minste barna, som jeg har hatt fokus på i doktorgradsarbeidet, ikke har hatt en særlig viktig plass i denne tradisjonen. Jeg takker komiteen for muligheten til å trekke noen store linjer, og synliggjøre små barn i den store sammenhengen her og nå. Jeg skal i midlertid starte et helt annet sted. Da jeg fikk tittel til denne prøveforelesningen for to uker siden skjedde det to ting som jeg umiddelbart knyttet til oppgaven og som jeg vil innlede med å fortelle om.
Counting the days
Authors: Søraa Roger Andre
Published: May 2020

This is perhaps (and hopefully) the most strangely situated editorial that will emerge from NJSTS. In Norway, it has, at the time of writing, been over two months since society closed down and we were commanded to work from home. As researchers, most of us are lucky, compared to most workers of society. Even though it might initially have been a strange few days at the home office, we made it through and found new ways of working. Throughout academia, however, most researchers are probably counting the days until society and our work situations return to a more normalized state.
About the cover artist
Authors: Anfinsen Martin
Published: May 2020

Setsuko Kurioka studied at the Trondheim Academy of Fine Art and later worked from Lademoen Kunstnerverksted. The artist is now based in Asker, near Oslo, where she has her studio. Currently, Kurioka works on a grant from Arts Council Norway, and her pieces has been featured multiple times in the annual Autumn Exhibit. Her work has also recently been acquired by the National Museum of Decorative Arts.
Economic Ideas and North-South Preferential Trade Agreements in the Americas
Authors: Pose Nicolás
Published: May 2020

North-South Preferential Trade Agreements (PTAs) are an intensified version of the Uruguay round’s bargain, in which developing countries gain access to developed countries’ markets, expecting increase in inflows of foreign direct investment, but see their ‘policy space’ reduced (Shadlen, 2005). Focusing on United States’ PTAs in the Latin American region, this article seeks to answer why some Latin American countries found this bargain attractive while others did not. I argue that modern PTAs generate uncertainty over their costs and benefits, because there are not standardized tools to estimate the impact of the ‘trade-related’ provisions they include. As a result, policymakers turn to their general ideas about economic development, which assign different meanings to them, producing differing decisions. Empirically, it is shown that the argument complements previous explanations based on structural and societal variables.
Authors: Stuhldreher Amalia , Morales Olmos Virginia
Published: May 2020

Considerando los diversos desafíos del cambiante actual entorno internacional, marcado por la incertidumbre y por diversos riesgos pero que también abre oportunidades para la región latinoamericana, este trabajo analiza la búsqueda de articulación de las políticas energéticas, la situación en materia de las energías renovables en el contexto del MERCOSUR (Mercado Común del Sur) y los intercambios comerciales en materia energética, focalizando el caso del Uruguay y sus vínculos con los países vecinos Argentina y Brasil. Partiendo de una perspectiva de desarrollo sostenible, se revisa la evolución de las matrices energéticas y sus eventuales aportes en términos de mitigación del cambio climático. En este contexto destaca el proceso de inversiones en el sector de las energías renovables realizadas en Uruguay en los últimos años, que posibilitaron desde 2017 exportaciones a cargo de actores privados. Teniendo en cuenta la multidimensionalidad de los procesos de desarrollo, el trabajo explora algunas perspectivas que surgen de los procesos regionales y nacionales de cara a la promoción de modelos de desarrollo sostenible y el combate al cambio climático, incluyendo expresamente la complejidad del diálogo entre la dimensión medioambiental y la dimensión económico-comercial.
Difference in glenoid retroversion between two-dimensional axial computed tomography and three-dimensional reconstructed images
Authors: Kim Hyungsuk , Yoo Chang Hyun , Park Soo Bin , Song Hyun Seok
Published: May 2020

Background: The glenoid version of the shoulder joint correlates with the stability of the glenohumeral joint and the clinical results of total shoulder arthroplasty. We sought to analyze and compare the glenoid version measured by traditional axial two-dimensional (2D) computed tomography (CT) and three-dimensional (3D) reconstructed images at different levels.Methods: A total of 30 cases, including 15 male and 15 female patients, who underwent 3D shoulder CT imaging was randomly selected and matched by sex consecutively at one hospital. The angular difference between the scapular body axis and 2D CT slice axis was measured. The glenoid version was assessed at three levels (midpoint, upper one-third, and center of the lower circle of the glenoid) using Friedman’s method in the axial plane with 2D CT images and at the same level of three different transverse planes using a 3D reconstructed image. Results: The mean difference between the scapular body axis on the 3D reconstructed image and the 2D CT slice axis was 38.4°. At the level of the midpoint of the glenoid, the measurements were 1.7° ± 4.9° on the 2D CT images and −1.8° ± 4.1° in the 3D reconstructed image. At the level of the center of the lower circle, the measurements were 2.7° ± 5.2° on the 2D CT images and −0.5° ± 4.8° in the 3D reconstructed image. A statistically significant difference was found between the 2D CT and 3D reconstructed images at all three levels. Conclusions: The glenoid version is measured differently between axial 2D CT and 3D reconstructed images at three levels. Use of 3D reconstructed imaging can provide a more accurate glenoid version profile relative to 2D CT. The glenoid version is measured differently at different levels.
Quality of Care in Modern Contraceptive Service Delivery in the Public and Private Sector: A Cross Sectional Study in Indonesia
Authors: Mario Ekoriano , Irma Ardiana
Published: May 2020

The Government of Indonesia has established a set of program interventions to enhance the quality of family planning services. The program gives preferences to the acceptance of family planning services and the readiness of the supply side. This study is intended to better understand the extent to which the public and private sectors deliver quality family planning services in 4 selected provinces within Indonesia. The six elements of quality of care (Bruce, 1990) were utilized as the study framework. The study confirmed that the mean of all six elements of quality of care are significant (alpha =0,05) in two out of the four study sites. From the clients’ point of view, information on contraceptive choices was the most neglected aspect in the public health facilities, while ‘follow up and a continuity mechanism’ was most neglected in the private health facilities. The equity index showed a substantial difference in the overall quality of care between the two types of health facilities (public= 4.53 versus private= 5.34). As far as health providers are concerned, quality of care is still below the optimum standard. Emphasis should be given to formally shape the desired health provider behavior and find a way to create an ‘after-sales-service’ scheme. The concept of quality goals need to be mindful of program maturity across regions. Periodic monitoring and evaluation is required to ensure more client satisfaction which leading to more sustained use of modern contraceptives.
COVID-19, Rate of Case Factors and Nutritional Characteristics of Patients Dying in Italy and Brazil: A Critical Analyze
Authors: Ramos Eliza Miranda , de Abreu Antônio Carlos , de Freitas Sandra Luzinete Félix , de Lima Matheus Dullius , dos Reis Francisco José Mendes , Ramos Hugo Vieira , de Souza Igor Domingos , Bochenek Liliane de Mello Santos , da Fonseca Alessandro Carvalho , do Nascimento Valter Aragão
Published: May 2020

Viruses continued to emerge and bring challenges to the global public health system with emerging viruses with respiratory contagion. Previous studies have shown that the increased incidence of certain viral respiratory infections, including influenza and coronavirus, is associated with low levels of Vitamin D, zinc and iron. Elements such as iron, zinc and Vitamin D influence adaptive immunity by inhibiting the proliferation of B cells with differentiation and secretion of immunoglobulins that will supply the proliferation of T cells and this will result in a more pro-inflammatory response change.
Electronic Fraud and Performance of Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria: 2008-2018
Authors: Emeka Nwobia Charles , Anayo Adigwe Patrick , Kasie Ezu Gideon , Nonso Okoye John
Published: May 2020

This research work examined electronic fraud and performance of Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria. It is a truism that Nigerian banks have lost of a lot of profit owing to the nefarious activities of fraudulent people including some unscrupulous elements in the banking industry who connive with fraudsters to perpetrate fraud of different magnitude. To this end, the Central Bank of Nigeria in conjunction with Nigeria Bankers Committee  established Nigeria Electronic Fraud Forum (NeFF) with the sole aim of monitoring online banks transactions and reporting any financial regulation infringements. Specifically, the objectives of this research work are to analyse the relationship between ATM fraud and performance of DMBs in Nigeria and to evaluate the relationship between POS fraud and performance of DMBs in Nigeria. The data collected were analyzed using basic descriptive ordinary least square (OLS) and multivariate regression panel data setting with econometric analyses. The results showed negative and insignificant relationship between electronic fraud channels and financial performance variables. The study concluded that there is no significant relationship between electronic fraud and financial performance of Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria in the period of study. The study recommended improved collaborations between DMBs, CBN and other stake holders via NeFF to tackle fraud.
Production Determinants Impact among Marketing Management on Improving Marketing Mix for Livestock Wealth in Jordan: Viewpoint of Livestock Breeders
Authors: Aqel Abu Dalbouh Mahmud
Published: May 2020

The research aimed to know the "impact of marketing production determinants on improving marketing mix at livestock industry "according to the perspective on Jordanian sector marketing for "livestock breeders(LB), competitors, laws policies(LP) and due it to its importance, it focuses on addressing the limitations faced by the production of livestock sector in Jordan, the research showed public and private limitations facing the Jordanian livestock sector production and performance according to the perspective of change in market, customers and marketing activities (3).

The research dimensions consist of many variables: planning, organizing, co-operation, cost, experience, competition, nutrition sources, diseases, government support, new technology, production, and performance of the livestock wealth sector(LWS), the research population included the breeders in livestock in Jordan and supporters amounting to (25000 ), the research sample consists of (500) farmer who was randomly selected, in collecting data the researcher depends on elementary and secondary resources and supported them with related studies. The relevance needs for improving the marketing mix and the development of practical recommendations taking into account the transformations of the global market and the rapid development of innovative technologies (6).

The author had been defining the determinants of livestock wealth production effects interactive marketing management and proposed the main stages improving its marketing mix by analyzing (6) - (8) variables, which everyone will allow as an approach for improving the new marketing mix.

The research concluded that the production and performance face limitations to marketing activities in the Jordanian livestock sector and it has a gap of the management functions, changing requirements, (the gap of production, performance) with limitations as cost, experience, competition, nutrition sources, diseases, government support, all variables affecting without organizing and cooperation, The research recommended that must be reorganizing the Jordanian livestock sector, come over the determinants, and exploit a new marketing management strategy for livestock mix.
The Impact of Working Capital Management on Corporate’s Performance: Evidence from Egypt
Authors: Tarek Yasmeen , Rafik Mary
Published: May 2020

Financial management has two main objectives profit and wealth maximization, well organized management of WC components should contribute to the achievement of these objectives. This study clarified the factors which affect WCM, which consequently will affect the business health as a whole and this will influence corporate ’performance and its corporate value. The study will examine the relation between firms profitability and its corporate value by applying panel data analysis on16 companies registered in the Egyptian stock market during the period from 2013 to 2017.The performance of companies is measured through profitability using return on assets (ROA) and firms value were measured by Tobin’s Q (TQ) ratio. The working capital management was measured by using current assets ratio (CAR), quick ratio (QR) and cash ratio (CR).
A Farmer’s Account: Case Study on the Effect of Rainfall and Temperature to Grain Cultivation in Southwestern Saskatchewan, Canada
Authors: Pittman Tyler , Pittman Rory , Pittman Jeremy
Published: May 2020

The production of cereal, legume and oilseed crops on the prairie region of Canada is largely rainfed, with high variability in the accumulation and timing of precipitation. In turn, the fluctuation of climate imparts change in farming practice. The objective of the current study is to measure the effect of rainfall and temperature on grain yield, based on longitudinal data for multiple crops on a Saskatchewan farming operation. Adjustment was made for days to maturity, fertilizer management, crop inputs, and procedures (e.g., harvest method). Detailed and thorough records of rainfall and farming routine were obtained from a farm operator on different field plots over 33 consecutive growing seasons from 1986 to 2018. The efficacy of multiple adaptive farming practices to crop yield were also evaluated, and included seed treatment, swathing, desiccation, and in-crop spraying of fungicide or pesticide. Statistical models were formulated for the association of these factors to crop yield for canaryseed (Phalaris canariensis L.), canola (Brassica napus L.), lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) and wheat (Triticum turgidum L.). Results from this study show that temperature and rainfall above the long-term average were negatively associated with wheat yield, although the effect modification between average temperature and cumulative rainfall was positively associated with wheat yield. Over 63% of the observed variation in crop yield was attributable to planting year on this farming operation. Crop diversification is key to mitigate the effects of extreme rainfall and temperature variation on yield in this agroregion.
Use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) Imagery in Phenotyping of Bambara Groundnut
Authors: Suhairi Tengku Adhwa Syaherah Tengku Mohd , Sinin Siti Sarah Mohd , Wimalasiri Eranga M. , Nizar Nur Marahaini Mohd , Tharmandran Anil Shekar , Jahanshiri Ebrahim , Gregory Peter J. , Azam-Ali Sayed N.
Published: May 2020

In this experiment, proximal measurements and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) imagery was used to determine growth stages for bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.). The crop is a high potential crop due to its ability to yield in marginal environments, but neglected and underutilised due to lack of information on its growth in different environments. This study evaluated the correlation between Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) derived from the ground as well as airborne sensors to test the ability of remotely sensed data to identify growth stages. NDVI and chlorophyll content of bambara groundnut leaves were measured at ground level at 18, 32, 46 and 88 days after planting (DAP) comprising vegetative, flowering, pod formation and maturity growth stages. The UAV imagery for the experimental plots was acquired with 0.2m resolution at maturity. The result showed a significant (p < 0.05) linear relationship between proximal NDVI and chlorophylls content at all growth stages ofgrowth. The R2 varied from 0.57 in the vegetative stage to 0.78 in the flowering stage. Furthermore, NDVI derived from proximal measurements and UAV data showed a significant (p < 0.05) correlation. The observed high correlation between proximal sensors, UAV data and crop parameters suggest that remote sensing technologies can be used for rapid phenotyping to hasten the development of models to assess the performance of underutilised crops for food and nutrition security.
Typology and Prospects for the Improvement of Market Gardening Systems in South-Kivu, Eastern DR Congo
Authors: Ndjadi Serge S. , Vumilia Roger K. , Ahoton Léonard E. , Saidou Aliou , Orou Bello D. , Mugumaarhahama Yannick , Kazamwali Léonard M. , Mushagalusa Gustave N.
Published: May 2020

Vegetables play a very important role in rural and urban communities as both food and a business opportunity. They are fast-growing species, with high nutritional values and able to generate income in a relatively short period compared to other crops. A characterization of market gardening systems was carried out with 368 producers from major market gardening sites in South-Kivu, in Easten of the RD Congo.The aim pursued was to assess existing systems and perspectives to enable steady transition to integrated, sustainable and resilient crop systems. The results showed that very few producers in the region practice plant integration. The typology carried out made it possible to identify three classes of market gardening farms based on adopted agronomic practices, production factors and possible outcomes derived from different systems. Most of the surveyed farms practice crop rotation and are market-oriented. However, they majorly differ in terms of farm size, practices of intercropping, permanent agriculture, mulching, production constraints and producer’s perception on the level of production. For instance, producers who are much more into intercropping also cultivate small areas (less than 0.25 ha). Results also showed that variables such as type of labour, cropping system, type of fertilizer used, mulching practice, adoption of permanent agriculture, producer’s perception of the level of soil fertility, and the water source used affect producer’s appreciation of the level of production obtained (p < 0.05). These variables can be mobilized for improvement of the market gardening system towards more sustainable, diversified and resilient systems.
Modeling Fruit Growth of ‘Triunfo’ Pear Grown in North Espírito Santo State
Authors: Oliveira Vinicius Soares de , Oliveira Vinicius de Souza , Santos Karina Tiemi Hassuda dos , Santos Gleyce Pereira , Junior Lucas Moreira Borges , Nascimento Adriel Lima , Salles Rodrigo Amaro de , Arantes Sara Dousseau , Vitória Edney Leandro da , Schmildt Omar , Posse Robson Prucoli , Zucoloto Moisés , Schmildt Edilson Romais
Published: May 2020

The objective of this study was to obtain mathematical models to estimate non-destructively the fruit mass of pear cv. ‘Triunfo’. To this end, 128 fruits from all developmental stages collected at three different times were used. Fruits were measured for maximum length (L), maximum width (W) and observed mass (OM). For the adjustment, with a sample of 100 fruits, the models first degree linear, quadratic and power were tested, in which the OM was used as the dependent variable in function of L and W. From a sample of 28 fruits, separated for this purpose the equations were validated. Thus, it indicates an equation of the quadratic model represented by EM = 36.020218 – 3.067232(W) + 0.082568(W)2  using from the measurement of the largest fruit width (W), as the most accurate to estimate the fruit mass of pear cv. ‘Triunfo’.
Briquettes Produced With a Mixture of Urban Pruning Waste, Glycerin and Cassava Processing Residue
Authors: Petricoski Silvia Maccari , Feiden Armin , Oliveira Adriana Ferla de , Tokura Luciene Kazue , Siqueira Jair Antonio Cruz , Bonassa Gabriela , Zilli Bruno Meneghel , Gentelini-Marquez Daniele Patricia , Souza Samuel Nelson Melegari de , Feiden Cristiano Alexandre , Feiden Eduardo Augusto , Martinez Alexandra da Silva
Published: May 2020

The briquette is considered a solid biofuel, made from the compaction of lignocellulosic residues used for the generation of energy. This work aimed to study the production of briquettes from mixtures of Urban Pruning Waste (RPU) (pruning of leaves and thin branches of trees), glycerin and cassava bagasse (Manihot esculenta). Samples of RPU, cassava bagasse and glycerol were mixed to yield treatments T1 (100% RPU), T2 (92% RPU and 8% cassava bagasse), T3 (97% RPU and 3% glycerin), T4 (89% RPU, 8% cassava bagasse and 3% Glycerin), T5 (94.5% RPU, 4% cassava bagasse and 1.5% glycerin) and T6 (control). Following this step, physical, chemical and energetic analyses (moisture content, volatile material content, fixed carbon and ash content, superior, inferior and useful calorific value, mechanical resistance, apparent and energetic density) of the briquettes were carried out. Treatment T2 had a lower fixed carbon value and volatile content, as well as higher ash content and mechanical strength. The percentages of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen did not differ statistically between the treatments. The higher, lower and useful heating values were higher in treatment T3. The results showed that treatments T1, T2 and T3 were more efficient, producing briquettes with properties that meet market specifications, besides presenting great energetic potential, being good substitutes for firewood.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 12, No. 6
Authors: Brown Anne
Published: May 2020

Reviewer acknowledgements for Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 12, No. 6, 2020.
Variation of the Impact Aroma Compound, 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline, Content in Thai Fragrant Rice Plants and its Enhanced Accumulation by Soil Nutritional Elements
Authors: Nawara Wichwara , Bennett Chonlada , Norkaew Orranuch , Sookwong Phumon , Moolkam Sakul , Naruebal Sivapong , Mahatheeranont Sugunya
Published: May 2020

This study investigated the accumulation characteristics of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) in the Thai Jasmine rice cultivar, Khao Dawk Mali 105 (KDML 105) under different soil types and addition of soil nutritional elements. There was significant variation in the 2AP contents of rice leaves, not only among different growth stages, but also among different leaf positions at each growth stage. The highest 2AP content was seen in the third leaves at booting stage (25.10±0.90 µg g-1), whilst for flag leaves it was seen at mature grain stage (8.00±0.72 µg g-1). During the ripening stage, plants in sandy soil acquired higher 2AP content in flag leaves, spikelets, and seeds than in clay soil, with the highest 2AP content in flag leaves at 25.00±0.70 µg g-1. The accumulation of 2AP in basal, middle, and upper branches of panicles showed no significant differences, whereas a steady decrease in 2AP content was detected in the panicle axis and branches. The effects of individual mineral elements (B, Cr, Cu, Mg, Mn, and Se) on 2AP content was different at each growth stage. B enhanced the 2AP content by more than two-fold in the leaves at the heading stage (63.84±4.56 µg g-1) compared to that of the control set, followed by Mn, Cu, and Se. Similar to the above results, the 2AP content was also heightened in grains. The extended knowledge gathered in this study will assist farmers who wish to improve the fragrance qualities of their rice varieties.
Phytosanitary Quality of Genotypes of Wheat Seeds Used Northern Paraná State
Authors: Puia Jacqueline Dalbelo , Borsato Leandro Camargo , Oliveira Marilize Cristina Gonçalves de , Hoshino Adriano Thibes , Canteri Marcelo Giovanetti , Vigo Sandra Cristina
Published: May 2020

Wheat seeds can be infested and/or infected by microorganisms that might cause deterioration of this propagation structure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the health quality of sixteen wheat genotypes grown in northern Paraná. Therefore, seeds of each genotype were submitted to the blotter test with 16 repetitions, 400 seeds per sample, for phytosanitary quality evaluation. The identification of the fungi was performed based on their morphological characteristics and quantified data. The results revealed variations in incidence, with 20 fungi genera in the analyzed samples. The fungi Rhizopus sp., Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp. and Bipolaris sp. were found in 100% of the analyzed samples, while Mucor sp. and Alternaria sp. were in 89% and 78% of the samples, respectively. The main pathogens that cause diseases in the aerial part of wheat were not found, or were low incidence in all materials analyzed. The pathogens with the highest incidence associated with wheat seeds were groups of storage fungi and known to produce mycotoxins.
Market and Welfare Effects of Food Security Policies on Smallholder Rice Farmers and Consumers in Sierra Leone
Authors: Sheriff Mohamed Ajuba , Lakoh Kepifri A. , Conteh Bob K. , Nkunzimana Tharcisse
Published: May 2020

This research examines the market and welfare effects of three food security policy options in Sierra Leone in response to the high rate of rice importation and rising rice prices over the last decade. These policies aimed at curbing the rate of rice importation, promoting local rice production, and enhancing welfare of smallholder rice farmers in rural communities. The policies investigated included: 1) reinstating tariffs on rice imports, 2) promoting value-chain strengthening interventions that increase production of locally produced rice and 3) instituting a quota (or some quantity restriction) on rice imports. A log-linear comparative static displacement model was used to carry out the analysis. For the first policy, 20%, 30% and 40% shocks were introduced in the equilibrium system to represent decreases in the quantity of rice imported as a result of reinstating tariffs on imported rice. Results revealed that welfare of consumers and or smallholder farmers of locally produced rice was enhanced by 9.4% at a 10% tariff increase and 17.8% at a 20% tariff increase. Consumers of imported rice had their welfare enhanced by 3.5% at a 10% tariff increase while welfare was dis-enhanced by 5.4% at a 20% tariff increase. With a 10% increase in the supply of locally produced rice, there was a corresponding welfare enhancement on smallholder rice farmers and consumers by 14.43% and by 27% for a 20% increase in supply. Marginal increases were recorded for consumers of imported rice. The results show that the optimal policy in the current post-Ebola national recovery environment is one that increases local rice production through cultivation intensification and rice value chain efficiency.
Utilisation of scanner data in the measurement of inflation – international experiences and methodological challenges
Authors: Białek Jacek
Published: May 2020

According to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development’s definition, scanner data are detailed data on consumer goods obtained by scanning their bar codes at points of sale. The advantages of this kind of data include completeness at the lowest level of aggregation, relatively low cost of acquisition and the fact that they enable a multiplicity of observations. Nevertheless, scanner data also have drawbacks and limitations. The aim of the paper is to identify the problems and methodological challenges related to the acquisition, processing and aggregation of scanner data, which are then used to estimate the Consumer Price Index (CPI). One of the most important decisions in the whole process is the right choice of an index formula dedicated to elementary (homogeneous) product groups. The essence of the problem, along with some recommendations, has been presented on the example of two sets of data from Allegro e-commerce platform for the period of 4 Dec, 2015 to 28 Dec, 2018, obtained through a special tool – TradeWatch. The evaluation of the sensitiveness of the results of the price dynamics measurement according to the chosen index formula has been carried out on the basis of two groups of products: men’s sports watches and office chairs. The most important observations are as follows: firstly, the differences between bilateral price indices and their chained versions are likely to be significant because of the dynamic character of scanner data sets; secondly, the differences between multilateral price indices might amount to several percentage points for a yearly time window; thirdly, the differences between the values of the GEKS and CCDI indices are slight, and the Geary-Khamis index for the full-time window ceases to differ significantly from the real time index just after a few months; and fourthly, the prices of products sold via electronic platforms as well as their quantities and sales volumes might differ depending on which particular day of a week they were sold, and even at which hour.
Assessment of Bottled Water Quality in Kermanshah City Based on Calcium and Magnesium Hardness: Consumer Awareness and Laboratory Studies
Authors: Hossini Hooshyar , Naseri Sepideh , Asadi Anvar
Published: May 2020

: Today, the use of bottled water has increased significantly for various reasons, such as the low quality of tap water, presence of hazardous chemicals in piped water, ease of transport, and accessibility. Therefore, considering the quality features of bottled water is of utmost importance. The present study was conducted in the two stages of questionnaire and laboratory with the aim of determining the correlation between the quality of hardness when bottled water is purchased and evaluate the calcium and magnesium contents in the laboratory. The applied questionnaire was designed based on water hardness in four sections of knowledge and attitude, and its validity and reliability were confirmed. The calcium and magnesium contents were determined using standard methods and the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry apparatus. The obtained results indicated that the most important indicators of purchasing bottled water were softness availability, brand, and coldness. Contrary to consumer claims, the most commonly used bottled water (60% of the brands) were observed to be those with high hardness. Therefore, it could be concluded that factors such as availability, marketing, and percentage of the consumption market are the most important influential factors in the consumption rate of bottled water.
Horta Pedagógica: uma pesquisa-participante de formação de docentes em educação por projetos
Authors: Filho Sérgio Murilo de Souza , Lima Vanessa Aparecida Alves de
Published: May 2020

As hortas e jardins em escolas vêm sendo usadas como instrumento didático e projetos educacionais em todas as regiões do mundo. Para muitos autores é uma das melhores formas de promover vivências e transformações em termos ecopedagógicos, bem como, permite associar diferentes conteúdos curriculares significativos à ecologia, possibilitando um progresso da cultura social sustentável. Nessa perspectiva, este trabalho apresenta a abordagem teórica sobre o ensino baseado em hortas/jardins, utilizando os princípios desse método em uma pesquisa participante de formação docente em educação por projetos com três professoras de uma escola municipal de Joinville/SC. A pesquisa foi realizada em sete encontros com as professoras e três instrumentos diagnósticos: questionário semiaberto com as professoras, pré e pós-projeto e grupo focal com os alunos. A experiência apresentou como resultado a dinamização de conteúdos para inserção da pedagogia de hortas dentro do currículo escolar, e ao longo do processo, foi realizada a construção de uma horta pedagógica com auxílio dos alunos.
A formação humana no pós-humanismo: reflexões a partir da Carta sobre o humanismo de Heidegger
Authors: Doro Marcelo José
Published: May 2020

Este artigo atém-se à discussão do problema da formação humana em um contexto pós-humanista, tendo como escopo o pensamento de Martin Heidegger. Em um primeiro momento, busca-se reconstruir os principais pontos da crítica heideggeriana ao humanismo, focando no vínculo deste com uma compreensão metafísica da essência humana. Em um segundo momento, tenta-se explorar as possibilidades formativas que se originam com a própria crítica de Heidegger à metafísica e ao humanismo, momento em que o pensamento do ser proposto pelo filósofo é tomado como indicativo central para uma concepção do ser humano que tenha por base o efetivo envolvimento deste com a realidade histórica que o abarca. O objetivo é marcar uma nova perspectiva para a formação humana, a qual esteja desvinculada de quaisquer ideais fixos e possa, assim, favorecer mais bem a riqueza indeterminada das possibilidades do acontecer humano no mundo. Situada para além das pretensões metafísicas de afirmar uma natureza intrínseca ou uma teleologia extrínseca ao acontecer humano, essa nova perspectiva formativa mostra-se mais apropriada e mais respeitosa em relação às diferenças constitutivas das sociedades democráticas plurais do mundo ocidental contemporâneo.
Crise da autoridade docente e o desafio da formação na sociedade democrática e multicultural
Authors: Mühl Eldon Henrique
Published: May 2020

A crise da autoridade docente e a indiferença dos alunos diante do papel do professor têm se constituído como um desafio na educação atual. O presente artigo objetiva esclarecer algumas razões que têm motivado o descrédito ou a defrontação da autoridade docente, considerando as transformações de ordem social, econômica e cultural da atualidade. Para tanto, serão identificados possíveis fatores socioculturais que contribuem para o surgimento e a manutenção da crise de autoridade a partir das análises de Arendt (1992) e de Gauchet (2008). As reflexões desses dois autores, a que pese suas diferentes concepções teóricas, aproximam-se na compreensão do problema da crise da autoridade no campo educacional, trazendo contribuições significativas para o enfrentamento dos desafios decorrentes de tal crise. A conclusão aponta que o restabelecimento da autoridade legítima e eficaz de educadores e dos responsáveis pela educação depende da redescoberta do sentido do saber e do desenvolvimento de uma cultura comum de formação sustentado no diálogo.
Proposta metodológica para o ensino das danças populares na Escola do Teatro Bolshoi No Brasil
Authors: Souza Marco Aurelio da Cruz
Published: May 2020

A formação do bailarino clássico e contemporâneo na Escola do Teatro Bolshoi no Brasil localizado em Joinville (SC) é baseado na disciplina rígida e metodologia da escola russa. Em minha tese de doutorado em Motricidade Humana na especialidade Dança, realizado na Faculdade de Motricidade Humana em Lisboa Portugal, busco entender qual o papel da disciplina danças populares na matriz curricular desta escola. Após as análises realizadas, apresento uma proposta metodológica para o ensino da dança popular que se chama “Dança popular, espaço coletivo de saberes”. Acreditamos que enquanto componente curricular, a dança popular pode oportunizar aos professores o uso de novas estratégias pedagógicas favorecendo o reconhecimento da cultura brasileira, de novos processos criativos, e em dar “voz” aos alunos, aumentando a autonomia nas decisões tomadas. Isso resulta que o processo de formação de bailarino anda paralelo ao processo educacional, com foco na formação cidadã, e ainda oportunizando um processo de interdisciplinaridade. Esta reflexão realizada em torno das estruturas do vivido na Escola do Teatro Bolshoi no Brasil fez surgir a proposta baseada em princípios da arte e educação, gerando novas possibilidades de trabalhar o corpo sob a perspectiva de dança popular de matriz tradicional.
Participação da comunidade na autoavaliação institucional em universidades da Argentina, Brasil e Paraguai: os casos da UFFS, UNE, UNNE e UTFPR
Authors: Amâncio Weslei Trevizan , Alves Gustavo Biasoli
Published: May 2020

A avaliação institucional nas universidades, e, dentro desse universo, a autoavaliação e a defesa da participação da comunidade nos processos, vêm se desenvolvendo com maior força nas últimas três décadas, tendo auferido importantes contornos e formas junto às políticas públicas destinadas à educação de nível superior. Neste sentido, analisamos neste artigo a participação da comunidade na autoavaliação institucional realizadas em universidades públicas da Argentina (UNNE), Brasil (UFFS, UTFPR) e Paraguai (UNE). O embasamento teórico se deu por meio de revisão da bibliografia especializada do tema; os recursos metodológicos utilizados são o estudo comparado, a pesquisa documental e a análise de conteúdo, com abordagens quantitativa e qualitativa.  Destacamos a contradição entre os avanços constantes nas teorias, textos das normas e documentos institucionais, que defende e incentiva à participação da comunidade nos processos autoavaliativos institucional nas universidades, e, de forma diversa, o movimento operado pela política neoliberal, especialmente sobre as universidades públicas, uma vez que ao promover o modelo de gestão gerencialista e a concepção de avaliação objetivista em seu ambiente, valoriza a concentração dos espaços de decisão estratégicos e a instrumentalização da participação da comunidade, refletindo no seu enfraquecimento. Traços esses identificados nas análises dos dados e informações dos processos autoavaliativos institucionais, nas quatro universidades pesquisadas. Deste modo, apontamos que há muito a ser reavaliado, refletido e corrigido nos processos autoavaliativos estudados, particularmente no que diz respeito a maior participação da comunidade na sua elaboração, planejamento, execução, ou seja, em seu efetivo envolvimento na construção do todo da ação avaliativa.
A privatização da educação brasileira e a BNCC do Ensino Médio: parceria para as competências socioemocionais
Authors: Mueller Rafael Rodrigo , Cechinel André
Published: May 2020

Este artigo pretende discutir as consequências da parceria entre o Ministério da Educação (MEC) e órgãos nacionais e internacionais que assumiram o papel de reguladores transnacionais de políticas de educação em diversos países, especialmente os chamados países “em desenvolvimento”. Para tanto, pretende-se analisar como a Organização para a Cooperação e Desenvolvimento Econômico (OCDE) e o Instituto Ayrton Senna (IAS) influenciam a educação brasileira a partir da recém aprovada Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), como forma de demonstrar objetivamente a relação entre essas instituições e sua lógica privada e comercial que tem influenciado as políticas públicas nacionais centrada, em grande medida, no conceito de competências socioemocionais. Portanto, o estudo utiliza como referência central para tal articulação a própria BNCC, em especial a do ensino médio, uma vez que essa etapa da educação básica é aquela em que as categorias trabalho e educação estão mais intensas e concretamente relacionadas.
Condorcet: Pressupostos e Relevância da Instrução Pública
Authors: Barbosa Josilene Souza Lima , Fontes Márcia Dos Santos , Souza Rita De Cácia Santos
Published: May 2020

Tido como um dos últimos filósofos iluministas na França, o Marquês de Condorcet aliou o ideal de esclarecimento humano a uma proposta política de concretização desse ideal quando, em 1792, entregou um relatório propondo um plano completo de organização da instrução nacional que tinha como fundamento o exercício da liberdade e a defesa da igualdade capaz de excluir toda e qualquer dependência. Tal proposta ficou conhecida como as Cinco Memórias sobre a Instrução Pública. A fim de compreendermos o teor e a relevância dessa proposta, trilharemos o seguinte percurso: 1. Analisaremos como o modo de instrução defendido por ele busca ser o viés condutor e conjugador do saber universal, tal como se encontra elaborado num dado momento histórico, e o saber elementar, processo que tem como pressuposto a compreensão de perfectibilidade humana; 2. Apresentaremos a proposta educacional de Condorcet nas três etapas do seu projeto de instrução buscando abarcar seus pressupostos numa compreensão de pessoa humana e de progresso do espírito humano; 3. Tais pressupostos e métodos produz algumas implicações que podem ser expressas nas questões que nos guiarão: visto ser todo indivíduo naturalmente dado à perfectibilidade, donde provém a necessidade de sermos instruídos? De que modo podem ser conjugadas, na prática educativa, a liberdade e a “igualdade de fato”, consequentes da proposta de uma instrução pública universalizante? Pretendemos, portanto, lançar um pouco de luz sobre as concepções que servem de base sólida a Condorcet para que, como um espelho, nos permita refletir sobre a presente condição da educação.
Formação para ensinar Matemática em um curso de Pedagogia: alguns rastros de discursos
Authors: Pozzobon Marta Cristina Cezar , Moura Patrícia dos Santos , Oliveira Cláudio José de
Published: May 2020

Este artigo é resultado de atividades de pesquisa realizada em parceria com quatro Universidades gaúchas, em que investigamos sobre a constituição da docência para ensinar Matemática na Educação Básica. Neste texto, apresenta-se um recorte do estudo mais amplo, analisando-se os Planos de Ensino (PE) do componente curricular Matemática. Pretende-se responder às seguintes questões: Quais discursos sobre o ensino de matemática manifestam-se nos Planos de Ensino de um curso de Pedagogia de 2011 a 2016? De que modo os discursos sobre o ensino da matemática estão presentes nesses Planos de Ensino? Argumentamos que os Planos de Ensino constituem e são constituídos por rastros de jogos de verdade que produzem efeitos na formação dos professores para ensinar matemática nos anos iniciais. Ao finalizarmos o estudo, delineamos alguns rastros de discursos presentes nos Planos de Ensino: as abordagens construtivistas marcadas pelas teorias piagetianas, a matemática escolar como referência principal na formação do professor dos anos iniciais e a separação entre teoria e prática.