bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PERHATIAN ORANG TUA DAN KEMANDIRIAN BELAJAR TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR IPS SISWA DI SDN 130 KARAMBUA DESA RINJANI KECAMATAN WOTU KABUPATEN LUWU TIMUR
Authors: Abu Ardillah
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACK

This study aims to determine (i) The Effect of Parents' Attention on Social Studies Student Achievement at SDN 130 Karambua. (ii) The Effect of Learning Independence on Social Studies Learning Achievement of Students at SDN 130 Karambua. (iii) Effects of Parental Attention and Learning Independence together on Social Studies Achievement of Students at SDN 130 Karambua, Rinjani Village, Wotu District.

This type of research is expost facto. Data analysis used was a simple regression analysis technique for the first and second hypotheses and multiple regression analysis for the third hypothesis. Before analyzing the data, an analysis of the requirements for testing is carried out including: normality, homogeneity, independent t test and linearity test The results of this study are: (i) There is a positive and significant influence of Parents' Attention on Social Studies Student Achievement at SDN 130 Karambua, with rx1y = 0.516; r2x1y = 0.266; and tcount is greater than ttable, namely: 3.85> 1.701. (ii) There is a positive and significant influence of Learning Independence on Social Studies Achievement of Students in SDN 130 Karambua, with rx2y = 0.372; r2x2y = 0.138; and tcount is greater than ttable, namely: 2.119> 1.701. (iii) There is a positive and significant influence of Parental Attention and Learning Independence together on Social Studies Achievement of Students in SDN 130 Karambua, with Ry (1,2) = 0.631; R2y (1,2) = 0.398; and Fcount is greater than Ftable namely: 5.542> 3.35 at a significance level of 5%. The regression line equation Y = 0.615X1 + -0.252X2 + 51.198.
Viscoelastic behavior of cardiomyocytes carrying LMNA mutations
Authors: Borin Daniele , Peña Brisa , Taylor Matthew R.G. , Mestroni Luisa , Lapasin Romano , Sbaizero Orfeo
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND:

Laminopathies are genetic diseases caused by mutations in the nuclear lamina.

OBJECTIVE:

Given the clinical impact of laminopathies, understanding mechanical properties of cells bearing lamin mutations will lead to advancement in the treatment of heart failure.

METHODS:

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to analyze the viscoelastic behavior of neonatal rat ventricular myocyte cells expressing three human lamin A/C gene (LMNA) mutations.

RESULTS:

Cell storage modulus was characterized, by two plateaus, one in the low frequency range, a second one at higher frequencies. The loss modulus instead showed a “bell” shape with a relaxation toward fluid properties at lower frequencies. Mutations shifted the relaxation to higher frequencies, rendering the networks more solid-like. This increase of stiffness with mutations (solid like behavior) was at frequencies around 1 Hz, close to the human heart rate.

CONCLUSIONS:

These features resulted from a combination of the properties of cytoskeleton filaments and their temporary cross-linker. Our results substantiate that cross-linked filaments contribute, for the most part, to the mechanical strength of the cytoskeleton of the cell studied and the relaxation time is determined by the dissociation dynamics of the cross-linking proteins. The severity of biomechanical defects due to these LMNA mutations correlated with the severity of the clinical phenotype.
Statins are Associated with Reduced Overall and Cancer-Specific Mortality in Patients Undergoing Radical Cystectomy for Bladder Cancer
Authors: Wissing Michel D. , O’Flaherty Ana , Dragomir Alice , Tanguay Simon , Kassouf Wassim , Aprikian Armen G.
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND:

Existing literature provides contrasting data on statin use and bladder cancer (BC) outcome.

OBJECTIVE:

We evaluated whether (chronic) statin use was associated with clinical outcomes in patients with BC undergoing radical cystectomy (RC).

METHODS:

Using provincial health administrative databases, we retrospectively identified BC patients undergoing RC in Quebec province in 2000-2015, and collected data from two years before RC until December 2016 or death. We compared patients who chronically used statins before RC to never statin users. Survival analyses were conducted using Kaplan-Meier curves, log-rank tests, and Cox proportional hazards models. Covariates in multivariable analyses were age, sex, Charlson’s comorbidity index, year of RC, distance to hospital, hospital type, hospital’s and surgeon’s annual RC volume, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

RESULTS:

Our cohort contained 1406 chronic and 1754 never statin users. Five-year overall, BC-specific and recurrence-free survival rates were 40.5% (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 37.8–43.2%), 52.8% (95% CI 49.8–55.7%), and 50.1% (95% CI 47.2–53.0%) for chronic statin users, versus 34.9% (95% CI 32.5–37.2%), 45.5% (95% CI 42.9–48.1%), and 43.4% (95% CI 40.9–45.9%) for never statin users ( p≤0.001). In multivariable analyses, hazard ratios (HR) for death, BC-specific deaths and recurrences were 0.83 (95% CI 0.75–0.91), 0.81 (95% CI 0.72–0.91), and 0.83 (95% CI 0.74–0.93) for chronic statin users, respectively. Similar observations were made in patients with diabetes and/or cardiovascular comorbidities ( p≤0.001). Clinical outcome was not improved in patients who started statins in the year following surgery compared to never statin users ( p > 0.4).

CONCLUSIONS:

Chronic statin use is associated with improved clinical outcome in BC patients undergoing RC in Quebec.
Objectively-Measured Activity Patterns are Associated with Home Blood Pressure in Memory Clinic Patients
Authors: Maasakkers Carlijn M. , de Heus Rianne A.A. , Thijssen Dick H.J. , Melis René J.F. , Gardiner Paul A. , Claassen Jurgen A.H.R.
Published: February 2020

Background:

Physicians are cautious to prescribe antihypertensive drugs in frail older adults because of the potential adverse effects, especially in those with cognitive complaints. Lifestyle aspects might provide safe targets to lower blood pressure in older adults.

Objective:

Our goal was to evaluate the associations between activity patterns and blood pressure in memory clinic patients.

Methods:

We used an observational cross-sectional study to measure activity patterns with the ActivPAL accelerometer, and simultaneous home blood pressure levels in memory clinic patients (age range 51–87 years old). Office blood pressure was assessed during routine clinical practice.

Results:

41 patients (mean age of 74.3 (7.7) years of age, 46% female) were included. Sedentary parameters were associated with higher mean home blood pressure, with the strongest correlation between more prolonged sitting bouts and higher SBP ( r = 0.58, p < .0001). Physical activity parameters were negatively associated with mean home blood pressure. Adjusted regression estimates remained significant, showing, e.g., a 4.5 (95% CI = 1.6;7.4) mmHg increase in SBP for every hour of sitting per day and a –1.0 (95% CI = –1.8;–0.2) mmHg decrease in DBP for every additional 1000 steps per day. No strong correlations were found between any of the activity pattern variables and office blood pressure.

Conclusion:

Associations between activity pattern variables and blood pressure were only found with home blood pressure measurements, not with office measurements. Longitudinal evaluations of these associations are now needed to explore if reducing prolonged sedentary bouts and increasing step count indeed serve as safe targets to lower blood pressure.
Movable and immovable magnets for two machines
Authors: Aguilar Arturo , Rubio José de Jesús , Meda-Campaña Jesús A. , Martinez Dany Ivan , Vargas Tomas Miguel , Garcia Victor , Novoa Juan Francisco , Mujica-Vargas Dante , Pacheco Jaime , Gutierrez Guadalupe Juliana
Published: February 2020

In this article, the mathematical model of a machine with eight immovable magnets and two movable magnets, and the machine with four immovable magnets and two movable magnets are introduced for the electricity creation. The proposed machines are based on the machine with two immovable magnets and two movable magnets, but they have two main differences: they have more interactions between the immovable and movable magnets, and they create more electricity. Experiments are included to validate that the proposed mathematical models represent a prototype and to observe which machine creates more electricity.
LGD and RR modeling - Comparison of models
Authors: Tuysuz Sukriye
Published: February 2020

Since Basel 2, a financial institution can determine the capital required for credit risk by using internal models, which require the determination of Loss Given Default (LGD). LGD is also an important element in assets pricing. The dynamics of LGD can be evaluated directly or can be extracted from the dynamics of the recovery rate (RR). Observed LGDs/RRs present an asymmetric and bimodal distribution. In this article several models formalizing these features are employed: simple models and models modeling the unusual nature of LGDs/RRs (skewed regressions, adjusted regressions, inflated regressions). In sum, 25 models were retained for evaluating the dynamics of LGDs and RRs and 13 covariates. Performances of models were compared by using several classical and advanced metrics determined by using 10-fold cross-validation. According to obtained results, the best way to forecast LGDs is either to model and forecast it directly with the beta regression and with the zero-adjusted beta regression or drawn it from the fitted and forecasted RRs with its performing models. These latter models are the beta regression and the one-adjusted beta regression. As expected, most of the retained explanatory variables influence the dynamics of LGDs/RRs.
Parasitological term as a cognitive-linguistic phenomenon
Authors: Babichev Nikolay , Akbaev Ramazan
Published: February 2020

Based on the analysis of literary data, international regulatory documents and their own pedagogical experience in teaching clinical terminology, the work presents the linguistic features of parasitological terms and the cognitive signs of the disciplinary and ontological categories reflected in them. The conclusion is made about the possibility of using the described cognitive-linguistic characteristics in the didactics of parasitology and other clinical disciplines.
Identidad, violencia y religión en la época de las Reformas
Authors: López González Clemente
Published: February 2020

Para René Girard, después de la Reforma, cuando el fervor religioso declinó, las guerras de religión aumentaron en Europa.
La víctima del bullying como chivo expiatorio. Casos judiciales
Authors: Vilarroig Martin Jaime , Mira de Orduña y Gil José María , Monfort Prades Juan Manuel
Published: February 2020

Partimos del interés por explorar algunas aplicaciones de la teoría girardiana a problemas de suma actualidad. Centraremos nuestro análisis en la violencia escolar, y más en concreto en los casos de bullying : aunque todos los casos de bullying son ejemplos de violencia escolar, no toda violencia escolar tiene por qué ser bullying , ya que una de sus características de este fenómeno social es que requiere de una habitualidad que no se da en el resto de la violencia escolar. Partimos de la hipótesis de que el bullying encierra en muchos casos (si no siempre) procesos de violencia mimética que desembocan en un chivo expiatorio, tal como ha sido descrito en las obras de Girard. Para verificar la hipótesis, dividiremos nuestra exposición en tres secciones bien delimitadas. En primer lugar, recordaremos los pasos en los que Girard divide los procesos de violencia mimética, victimización y condena del chivo expiatorio, con el consecuente aplacamiento de la violencia. En segundo lugar, intentaremos descubrir los pasos indicados por Girard en algunos casos de bullying real, basándonos en sentencias judiciales, puesto que dichas sentencias son un documento privilegiado para acceder a los elementos esenciales del problema. En tercer lugar, proponemos unas directrices para prevenir o afrontar los casos de acoso escolar basándonos en los análisis de Girard.
Marat y la escalada a los extremos
Authors: Barahona Plaza Ángel Jorge , Reyero García David
Published: February 2020

El culto a la Razón y al Ser Supremo, en la mente de Marat, se convirtió en el programa de descristianización contumaz. Todo aquel que se negara a abandonar el credo cristiano tenía asegurada la guillotina.
Learning Dance: Defining Efficiency and Precision Through Animation
Authors: Frost Danielle Sara
Published: February 2020

Bodily efficiency and precision are crucial components in the execution of ballet technique. In conjunction with traditional studio ballet training, three-dimensional animation can showcase correct body placement, posture, and alignment during the execution of ballet technique helping dancers prevent injuries as well as maintain body longevity. Having digital three-dimensional animation as a pedagogical tool can help teachers, students, and parents see how steps should be executed from different angles. Such technology can also bring students’ attention to common mistakes without the risk of repeated human error. Dancers can compare videos of three-dimensional animated figures showcasing correct ballet technique to videos of themselves in order to see where they may be misaligning their bodies and causing potential injuries or bad habits. This pedagogical tool can also be helpful for those who have limited access to taking ballet classes but would still like to learn in an efficient and safe manner.
The Synthesis of Protein Polymer Conjugates using the Human Regulatory Protein Galectin-3
Authors: Lin Ling , Pritzlaff Amanda M. , Lower Haillie-Ann C. , Savin Daniel A.
Published: February 2020

Galectin-3 (gal3) is a human lectin protein that is known to interact with extracellular matrix proteins by regulating functions in both healthy and cancerous cells. The goal of this project is to conjugate polymers to gal3 to better study and control its functions in vitro. We hypothesize that a covalently attached polymer will sterically modulate gal3 function. In the project, we created two protein variants with polymer-reactive handles. The first construct is similar to wild-type gal3 with a cysteine in place of the 6th serine (S6C) which was created by site-directed mutagenesis (SDM). Maleimide-terminated polyethylene oxide (PEO, 5000 g/mol) was then attached to this mutant via thiol-Michael addition at the cysteine site. Attachment of polymer to the unstructured N-terminal domain (NTD) may increase the binding of the protein by sterically pulling the NTD away from the carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD). In addition, the NTD, which is implicated in undesired self-association, was removed for the second construct. The gal3 CRD only construct is shown to have a higher solubility in solution and an increased ligand-binding affinity. Ultimately, the two unique constructs will help us understand the structural role of the NTD in gal3 ligand-binding and self-association.
Development and implementation of smart street lighting system based on LoRa Technology
Authors: Ngo Tung Thanh , Nguyen Phong Hoai , Ta Dinh Huy Le , Nguyen Huy Minh , Nguyen Tuyen Dinh , Le Phuong Minh
Published: February 2020

This paper concerned with the development and implementation of smart street lighting control system based using Led lamp and Lora Wireless communication. Smart street lamps have been developed for over several years. These technologies have played an important role in urban safety, energy conservation. Currently, a traditional street lights are automatically turn on or off based on timer or day/night sensor. LEDs are now the standard replacement for legacy lighting in most cities around the world. At the same time, smart controls are becoming more mainstream and are increasingly installed alongside LED deployments. Recently, the conventional light sources are replaced by Led, which have so many advantages such as: energy savings, long lifetime, high reliability, pure light color, fast response, and friendliness to the environment. Furthermore, the intensity of the LED can be controlled easily. In this paper, the smart lighting system is designed to control and monitor devices via wireless transmission frequencies below 1 GHz. The system will include many types of devices connected to each other by a gateway. The transmit distance is about 2km in the urban area and up to 5km in rural area. The proposed smart street public lighting provides some advantages features such as: Automatic mode, Remote control mode, Connection disconnection mode, Manual direct operation mode. The smart lighting system has been built at Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology to meet the standards for data transmission. And some experimental resutls are provided to show the effectiveness of the porposed system.
AN EFFECTIVENESS, SAFETY AND TOLERABILITY STUDY OF AZILSARTAN AND TELMISARTAN IN PATIENTS OF ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION : A RANDOMIZED AND OPEN-LABEL STUDY
Authors: Lal Shreya , Chandra Satish , Choudhury Subhankar , Gari Manju
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND : The aim of this study was to compare effectiveness, safety and tolerability of azilsartan and telmisartan in terms of their blood pressure lowering capacity, effect on hematological and biochemical profile and side effects respectively in patients of essential hypertension.

METHODS : This was an observational, prospective, open label, randomized, parallel study. The study was conducted after getting approval from the ethics committee at RIMS, Ranchi. Total sample size was 108. Blood pressure recordings, hematologic and biochemical investigations were done at the beginning of  study and at every visit according to study design. The first group was prescribed tablet azilsartan 40mg once daily and the other tablet telmisartan 40 mg once daily at the beginning. Each patient was followed for 12 weeks and total study duration was 1 year.

RESULTS : The treatment arms showed significant reduction (p<0.05) in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure at the end of study period, although while doing inter-group comparison, the difference was not significant.  Safety profile of both drugs was similar. Notable side-effects included fatigue and dizziness apart from headache.

CONCLUSION : Azilsartan and telmisartan reduced the blood pressure significantly in 12 weeks when compared from the baseline, but the reduction was similar when an intergroup comparison was done. The drugs did not adversely affect the haematologic and biochemical parameters. Few side-effects were reported but these were mild in nature and did not require any specific intervention.

KEYWORDS : Angiotensin receptor blocker, Azilsartan, Effectiveness, Essential hypertension, Randomized, Safety, Telmisartan, Tolerability
TO SYNTHESIZE, CHARACTERIZATION AND PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF NOVEL SUBSTITUTED ISATIN DERIVATIVES
Authors: D B Joshi
Published: February 2020

Series of novel Schiff bases of Isatin the  equimolar amines and 5-Dicrboxymethyl (R=COO2Me) substituted isatins (1 mmol of each) were added to 96% w/w ethanol (20 mL) containing 8 drops of glacial acetic acid. The mixture was heated under reflux for 5 h and then cooled to room temperature. The resulting solid was collected by filtration, washed with cold ethanol and dried in open air. The derivatives thus prepared had sufficient analytical purity. anticonvulsant activity performed by method as Animals were weighed and numbered. Mice were divided into 7 groups of six animals each. Group 1 served as control which was treated with vehicle (2% v/v Tween 80), group 2 was treated with standard drug phenytoin (25 mg/kg, i.p.) and groups 3– 7 were treated with newly synthesized oxadiazole derivatives (25 mg/kg, i. p.). One hour after injection, the animals were subjected to electro shock through ear electrodes of 80 mA for 0.2 sec by electroconvulsiometer AND ANTI-inflammatory activity measured by Weigh the animals and number them. Mark the animals with picric acid for individual animal identification. Divide rats into 5 groups of 6 rats each. Note the initial paw volume of each rat by dipping just beyond tibio-tarsal junction by mercury displacement method. The pharmacological screening of the synthesized compounds showed anti convulsant activity ranging from 56.2 % to 76.3 % inhibition of epileptic seizures in mice, where as the standard drug Phenytoin showed 83.95 % inhibition of epileptic seizures in mice. The compound iiih4 from each group was found to be nearly potent to Phenytoin which is used as standard drug. Anti-inflammatory activity ranging from 31.09 to 63.11 % inhibition of rat paw edema volume after 3 hours, whereas the standard drug Indomethacin showed 62.06 % inhibition of rat paw edema volume after 4 hours.  The compound iiih3 was found to be nearly more potent then indomethacin which is used as standard drug

Keywords: Isatin; Schiff bases; Anti convulsant activity; Anti-inflammatory activity; Isatin.
泵站同步电动机励磁装置控制方式的选用
Authors: 游 宣智
Published: February 2020

本文针对泵站同步电动机励磁装置控制方式的选用,结合理论实践,在简要阐述同步发动机获得励磁电流方式的基础上,分析了常用的励磁装置控制方式,最后提出控制方式的选用思路。分析结果表明,按照泵站同步电动机实际运行要求,合理选择励磁控制方式,可大幅度提升同步电动机运行的稳定性和效率,值得高度重视。
水利工程项目施工成本控制与管理的优化研究
Authors: 马 晓东
Published: February 2020

近些年来,我国社会市场经济发展迅速,我国经济建设力度也随之增加。在此背景下,我国水利工程建设事业迎来了高速发展机遇。本文主要以水利工程项目施工展开分析,在具体分析水利工程项目施工成本控制优化策略的基础上,探讨了水利工程项目施工成本管理优化策略,旨在有效提高我国水利工程项目经济效益和社会效益,进而推动我国水利事业稳定持续发展。
浅析水利工程建设中的堤防施工及其质量管理
Authors: 张 莹
Published: February 2020

水利工程建设作为国家基础设施建设之一,其中堤防工程主要具有阻挡洪水和分流蓄水作用,对水利工程整体结构非常重要。基于此,本文阐述了水利工程建设中的堤防施工质量管理重要性,对水利工程建设中的堤防施工要点与质量管理进行了探讨分析,旨在保证堤防工程安全运行。
水利水电工程安全生产运行的问题分析
Authors: 马 龙
Published: February 2020

当今时代,水利水电工程发挥出了很重要的作用,不仅改进了人们的生活质量,还对我们国家经济的发展起到了一定的促进作用。我们知道,安全生产运行是水利水电工程发挥出自身作用的基础和前提,所以,我们需要重视水利水电工程生产运行的安全性。但是,从目前的工程生产运行情况来看,相关的工作人员对进行安全管理工作的时候还存在着一些问题,很容易在运行的过程中出现一些事故,不仅会降低水利水电工程的运行效果,还有可能给人们造成财产上的损失,出现一些负面的影响。所以,在平时的工作中,相关的工作人员要意识到安全管理的重要性,并且积极的采取一些管理措施,从而保证水利水电工程生产运行的安全性。
水利枢纽防洪设计措施研究
Authors: 周 福涛
Published: February 2020

针对水利枢纽工程建设,结合新疆某流域拟建水利枢纽工程实际情况,在简述水利枢纽防洪作用与任务的基础上,对其防水设计进行深入分析,内容预留防洪库容与防洪调度方式的确定,并提出设计中需要重视的要点,以此为充分发挥水利枢纽防洪功能提供参考依据。
小型灌区农田水利渠道设计和施工措施
Authors: 古丽苏姆阿依 热合曼 •
Published: February 2020

我国是一个农业大国,农业的发展和我国国民经济的增长息息相关,因此,要想促进我国农业经济的发展,就必须加强农田水利工程的建设。目前,我国的大部分农田水利工程都是利用小型灌溉渠的方式来实现的。下文就小型灌区农田水利渠道设计的基本原则和内容、小型灌区农田水利渠道设计和施工中的问题和实际的施工措施等做了简单分析。
对于机电安装工程电气施工工艺和控制管理的研究
Authors: 黄 建乐
Published: February 2020

随着我国现经济发展的不断加快以及科技技术的不断进步,各行业在市场中的竞争也日益激烈,在机电工程行业方面的竞争也愈演愈烈,而机电安装企业如果想要提升市场竞争力,在市场上站稳脚步,在众多企业中脱颖而出,就需要重视施工工艺的重要性,以及其控制管理发挥的重要作用,企业应在准守相关的法律法规的基础上,提高其电气施工的工业水平,加强对电气施工的控制管理,以此去促进施工工艺水平的提升。基于此,本文着重分析了机电安装工程电气施工的工艺与控制管理存在相关问题,并提出了一些针对性的有效措施,以此去促机电安装工程的施工工艺的提升和控制管理效率。
现代测绘技术在水利工程中的应用探究
Authors: 尚 亚东
Published: February 2020

现代测绘技术在工程施工中有重要的作用,水利工程建设取得突出的进步,在整体管理过程中要从实际情况入手,做好技术分析工作。在本次研究中以现代测绘技术的类型为基础,对如何将其应用到工程实践中进行分析。
大型水利泵站机电设备安装和检修的技术措施浅析
Authors: 张 林
Published: February 2020

泵站机电设备安全是影响大型水利工程运行状态的关键要素。为此,全面掌握水利泵站机电设备安装与检修技术至关重要。本文简要介绍了大型水利泵站机电设备的基本概念、安装技术要点与检修措施,以供借鉴。
超声波检测技术在水利工程中的应用及优化
Authors: 高 磊
Published: February 2020

近几年来,随着我国经济的发展和社会的进步,水利工程作为我国的一项社会基础工程,其工程数量也越来越多,在一定程度上也增加了水利工程建设和管理的难度,在此背景下,下文就超声波检测技术的检测原理、超声波检测技术在水利工程中的应用特点和具体应用以及优化方面做了简单阐述,希望对提高水利工程的整体建设质量、促进我国基础工程的建设和发展等方面起到一定的借鉴作用。
农田水利防洪抗旱问题及管理研究
Authors: 薛 振山
Published: February 2020

我国属于农业大国,农业在社会发展中发挥着重要作用。在现代化农业发展过程中,农田水利建设和管理工作的重要性日益突显出来,既能够有效地避免自然灾害、实现防洪抗旱,又能够减少洪涝、旱灾带来的损失,但受各种因素的影响,我国农田水利管理中仍存在一系列问题,文章主要研究了农田水利防洪抗旱问题及管理内容。
高空喷雾降温技术在丰满重建大坝碾压混凝施工中的运用
Authors: 王 程鹏
Published: February 2020

为将丰满水电站全面治理(重建)工程碾压混凝土重力坝工程建设为质量优良的品牌工程,实现创建国优金奖的质量目标,必须严格控制碾压混凝土的施工质量。在实际施工过程中,碾压混凝土由于自身的水泥水化反应放热和水分散失以及太阳的照射升温会造成碾压混凝土浇筑温度过高,进而加重混凝土最高温度控制压力,造成混凝土内外温差过大产生裂缝。因此丰满项目部通过研制并采用高空喷雾降温补水系统,解决碾压混凝土浇筑过程表面失水补偿,提高层间结合质量,并有效营造仓面小气候利于温度控制的措施运用情况和效果。
‘Some like it alien’: predation on invasive ring–necked parakeets by the long–eared owl in an urban area
Authors: Mori E. , Malfatti L. , Le Louarn M. , Hernández–Brito D. , ten Cate B. , Ricci M. , Menchetti M.
Published: February 2020

Predation pressure by native species may limit the spread of alien invasive species, thus playing a pivotal role in the impact and implementation of management strategies. The ring–necked parakeet Psittacula krameri is one of the most widespread alien bird species in Europe, with nearly 70 established populations. Predators of this species include diurnal raptors, synanthropic corvids, and rodents. Here we report for the first time that long–eared owls Asio otus might have preyed upon parakeets in their night roosts. Analysis of 167 owl pellets showed that ring–necked parakeets made up over 10 % of the total volume of the diet of these owls in winter (32.93 % of absolute frequency), representing the most important prey species after murid rodents and passerine birds. Further studies are needed to investigate whether parakeet consumption by long–eared owls is only a local occurrence or whether it is widespread in European cities. If so, predation by long–eared owl may eventually lead to a form of parakeet control and may limit the impact of this introduced parakeet on native biodiversity.
ANALISIS HIDROLOGI UNTUK MENDAPATKAN DEBIT PUNCAK SUNGAI BENGKULU DENGANMENGGUNAKAN HIDROGRAFSATUANSINTETIK NAKAYASU
Authors: Amri Khairul , Besperi Besperi , Negara Chandra Aji
Published: February 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan debit puncak akibat intensitas curah hujan pada DASBengkulu dalam menganalisis hidrologi dengan menggunakan Hidograf Satuan Sintetik HSS Nakayasu .Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan distribusi frekuensi terhadap 3 metode curah hujan yaitu metode ditribusi Gumbel Tipe I, Log Pearson Tipe III dan Log Normal maka metode yang digunakan untuk perhitungan curah hujan rencana adalah Metode Gumbel Tipe I dengan periode ulang 2, 5, 10, 25, 50dan100tahun yaitu 90,350 mm, 201,556 mm, 275,173 mm, 368,217 mm, 437,233 mm dan 505,738 mm.Dari hasil analisis hidrologi diperoleh debit puncak pada DAS Bengkulu untuk periode ulang 100 tahun dengan metode HSS Nakayasu  7197,99 yaitu m3/detik dengan waktu puncak sebesar 6 jam.
SKRINING COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT PADA PASIEN HIPERTENSI DI BANDUNG
Authors: Darmawati Irma , Purnama Heni , Lindayani Linlin
Published: February 2020

Hipertensi merupakan salah satu faktor resiko tertinggi untuk gangguan fungsi kognitif. Studi sebelumnya melaporkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan white matter lession pada pasien hipertensi. Akan tetapi, penelitian tentang deteksi dini gangguan fungsi kognitif pada pasien hipertensi di Indonesia masih terbatas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi gangguan fungsi kognitif pada pasien dengan hipertensi. Jenis penelitian yanga akan digunakan adalah cross-sectional study. Peserta dalam penelitian adalah seseorang berusia lebih dari 18 tahun yang didiagnosa hipertensi, tidak ada riwayat penyakit yang berhubungan dengan fungsi kognitif seperti stroke, epilepsy atau riwayat bedah otak. Fungsi Kognitif diukur dengan menggunakan The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Sebanyak 120 pasien dengan hipertensi berhasil direkrut dalam penelitian ini. Sebanyak 68.9% mengalami gangguan fungsi kognitif dengan nilai rata-rata paling rendah adalah dalam kemampuan mengingat angka, huruf, pengurangan, dan orientasi. Deteksi dini gangguan kognitif pada pasien hipertensi harus dilakukan secara rutin di klinik ataupun pusat pelayanan kesehatan primer lainnnya.
PENGARUH ACCEPTANCE AND COMMITMENT THERAPY (ACT) TERHADAP PENGENDALIAN KADAR GULA DARAH PENDERITA DM TIPE 2
Authors: Bistara Difran Nobel , Rusdianingseh
Published: February 2020

Penderita diabetes mellitus tipe 2 mengalami perubahan fisik, psikologis, dan seksual. Perubahan ini dapat menyebabkan timbulnya masalah, ketidakstabilan kadar gula dalam darah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuktikan pengaruh Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) dalam pengendalian kadar gula darah pada penderita DM tipe 2. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian quasy eksperiment dengan menggunakan metode pretest posttest with control group design. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah penderita DM tipe 2 sebanyak 50 orang dan diambil dengan teknik simple random sampling dan dibagi menjadi dua kelompok yaitu kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan lembar observasi hasil pengukuran BS stick. ACT diberikan pada kelompok perlakuan satu minggu sekali selama empat minggu. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik yaitu Paired t-Test dan Independent t-Test, dan regresi linear berganda dengan signifikansi p<0,05. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terjadi perbedaan kadar gula darah yang signifikan antara kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan dengan p-value = 0,000. Intervensi ACT adalah variabel yang paling berpengaruh untuk kadar gula darah penderita DM tipe 2 dengan sig 0,000. Intervensi ACT efektif terhadap pengendalian kadar gula darah penderita DM tipe 2. ACT dapat dilakukan dengan baik karena responden dan terapis proaktif, dan akan lebih baik melibatkan peran dan dukungan keluarga untuk penelitian selanjutnya.

Kata Kunci: Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), penderita DM tipe 2, kadar gula darah.
RESPON IKAN LELE DUMBO (Clarias gariepinus B) DALAM WADAH JARING HAPA YANG DIBERI PAKAN KOMBINASI PELLET DAN USUS AYAM
Authors: Syahrizal Syahrizal , Sugihartono Muhammad , Jasa Adri
Published: February 2020

Pemberian pakan kombinasi pellet dan usus ayam terhadap ikan lele dumbo (Clarias gariepinus B) dalam wadah jaringan hapa dengan rancangan acak lengkap 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan untuk  perlakuan A : 100 % pellet, B : 75 % pellet dan 25 % usus ayam, C : 50 % pellet dan 50 % usus ayam dan D : 25 % pellet dan 75 % usus ayam. Berat dan panjang rata-rata ikan awal 24 gram dan 13,8 cm. Hasil penelitian  untuk pertumbuhan dan panjang ikan lele dumbo rata-rata  per ekor untuk perlakuan A 139,23 gram dan 14,47 cm. B :  168,33 gram dan 16,27 cm, C : 159,53 gram dan 15,90 cm dan D :  168,97 gram dan 16,60 cm. Tingkat kelangsungan hidup ikan lele dumbo (Clarias gariepinus B) untuk semua perlakuan berkisar 95,33 – 97,33% dan Feed Convertion Ratio (FCR) dan Efisiensi Pakan (EP) berturut-turut yaitu 1,05 – 1,51 gram dan 66,58 – 94,98%. Keyword: Pakan Pelet dan Usus Ayam, Ikan Lele Dumbo AbstractGiving combination pellet and chicken intestine to African catfish (Clarias gariepinus B) in hapa  with a completely randomized design 4 treatments and 3 replications for treatment A  : 100% pellet, B: 75% pellet and 25% chicken intestine, C: 50% pellet and 50% chicken intestine and D: 25% pellets and 75% chicken intestines. The initial weight and length of the fish is 24 grams and 13.8 cm. The results of the study for the growth and length of individual fishes the African catfish were on average A treatment of 139.23 grams and 14.47 cm. B: 168.33 grams  and 16.27 cm, C: 159.53 grams and 15.90 cm and D: 168.97 grams and 16.60 cm. The survival rate of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus B) for all treatments ranged from 95.33 to 97.33% and Feed Convertion Ratio (FCR) and Feed Efficiency (EP) were 1.05 - 1.51 grams and 66,58 - 94,98%. Keyword: Feed Pellets and Chicken Intestines, African catfish
Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah dan Motivasi Kerja terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Guru pada Sekolah Dasar Negeri 112/1 Perumnas Kecamatan Muara Bulian Kabupaten Batang Hari
Authors: Khoiroh Nadiatul
Published: February 2020

The tiitle of this research is The Influence of Head School Leadership And Work Motivation On Teacher Work Satisfaction In Public Elementary School 112/1 Perumnas  Sub-district of Muara Bulian, Batang Hari Regency. Testing is done using multiple linear regression analysis. Hypothesis testing is done by using t test and F test. The magnitude of the effect is known through testing the Path analysis. Based on the discussion it can be concluded that the effect of Leadership (X1) and Motivation (X2) together on Job Satisfaction (Y) is 53.547%. In the t test, the effect of Leadership (X1) and Motivation (X2) has a partial effect on Job Satisfaction (Y). in the F test, Leadership (X1) and Motivation (X2) has a simultaneous influence on Job Satisfaction (Y).
Analisis Rasio Likuiditas, Rasio Profitabilitas dan Earning Per Share pada PT. Hanjaya Mandala Sampoerna Tbk di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2014-2017
Authors: Muryati Muryati , W Kasiyati Yunita
Published: February 2020

Analysis of the company's financial statements is needed to determine the company's ability to overcome the company's financial problems and make quick and right decisions. Liquidity ratio analysis is a ratio used to measure a company's ability to meet its short-term obligations. Profitability ratio analysis is a ratio used to measure a company's ability to generate profits derived from sales. Earning Per Share is a form of giving benefits to shareholders from each share owned. This study aims to determine the results of the analysis of the solvency, liquidity, profitability and Earning Per Share ratio of PT. Hanjaya Mandala Sampoerna TBK on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period of 2014 - 2017. The data used are secondary data in the form of financial statements of PT. Hanjaya Mandala Sampoerna TBK on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period of 2014 - 2017. Liquidity ratios are intended for short-term debt which in this research year can show that PT. HM Sampoerna Tbk is very able to meet these obligations, after that the Profitability Ratio is set aside for company profits which in this research year can generate profits even though its development fluctuates with a downward trend. And the last Earning Per Share which is limited to the price per common stock outstanding in this research year can be seen a nominal stock price split. With this research PT.Hanjaya Mandala Sampoerna, Tbk still needs to improve its asset management as much as possible.
PENGARUH KEPUASAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI KANTOR KELURAHAN SEKABUPATEN BATANG HARI
Authors: Wulansari Kasiyati Yunita , Kosasi Niki
Published: February 2020

This study raised concerns about the effect of job satisfaction to performance. The research was conducted within the scope of the precisely on the entire village in Batang Hari Regency. The performance of employees is among the key issues are constantly faced by the organization management. Therefore, among the tasks of the manager is a very important move employees to contribute to the success of the organization. The purpose of this study is to examine and determine the influence of job satisfaction and performance. Influence of job satisfaction and employee performance tested directly. To examine issues directly above the survey conducted by distributing questionnaires to employees village office. The results of the questionnaire were analyzed qualitatively and verification. Data analysis tool made by using Path Analysis. The results of this study indicate that the job satisfaction have an impact on performance 21,72%.
E-Surveilans Bloodstream Infection pada Pasien di Nitipuran Health Centre
Authors: Kescandra Nungky , Rosa Elsye Maria , Sundari Sri
Published: February 2020

Infectious disease is still one of the health problems in the world, including Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to determine the occurrence of Bloodstream Infection using e-surveillance at Nitipuran Health Center. This study uses a mixed method with the Cohort Study approach. Research subjects were patient who did hemodialysis for quantitative data and doctors, nurses and head nurses for qualitative data. Quantitative data analysis with descriptive analysis, and qualitative analysis with in-depth interviews. Result: Four cases of Bloodstream Infection were identified using e-surveillance in NHC. And 4 cases is positive containing bacteria. Factors affecting Bloodstream Infection at the Nitipuran Hemodialysis Clinic are the awareness of medical personnel to keep personal hygiene still lacking and the compliance of medical personnel to perform SOP PPI is still low. Conclusion: Prevention of Bloodstream Infection in NHC needs to be improved by socialization on SOP for Prevention and Infection Control (PPI), forming a special team that is tasked with supervising the running of PPI SOPs and familiarizing themselves with maintaining hand hygiene.
Pengaruh Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan terhadap Nilai Perusahaan: Ditinjau dari Perspektif Fraud Pentagon (Kasus di Indonesia)
Authors: Elviani Desi , Ali Syahril , Kurniawan Rahmat
Published: February 2020

This study aims to examine how the influence of fraudulent financial reporting on firm value is viewed from the perspective of a pentagon fraud with a sample of 71 companies from the infrastructure, utilities and transportation sectors in the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2014-2018. The sample selection used was purposive sampling method. Company value is measured by price book value, financial statement fraud is measured by fraud-score models. There are two variables that have a positive and significant influence, namely the opportunity and arrogance variables, the two variables present two of the five elements of pentagon fraud, where as the three variables, pressure, rasionalization, competence, do not affect the fraudulent financial reporting. The results of this study have proven that fraudulent financial reporting has a negative effect on firm value.
Analisis Optimalisasi Pengelolaan Aset/Barang (Barang Milik Negara) di Kantor Dinas Pekerjaan Umum Provinsi Jambi
Authors: Winarni Etik , Sari Yolanda
Published: February 2020

Good asset management will contribute greatly to local governments, on the contrary if the management is bad it will also have a negative impact on the local government. Based on the background above, the researcher is interested in further analyzing the "Analysis of Optimizing the Management of Assets / Goods (State Property) in the Office of the Provincial Public Works Office of 2017-2018". Data were analyzed using validity and reliability tests for questionnaire data and Multiple Linear Regression analysis. From the results of the analysis of the results of the analysis and discussion of research on the optimality of asset management (State Property) at the Office of Public Works and Public Housing in Jambi Province which includes planning, implementation, as well as guidance, supervision, control, it can be concluded that the first hypothesis states that there is no influence significant between the planning of the optimal level of management of assets / goods (State Property) in the office of the Public Works and Housing Agency of Jambi Province in this study proved, because it does not have a positive and insignificant effect. The second hypothesis states that it has a significant influence between implementation of the optimal level of management of assets / goods (State Property) in the office of the Public Works and Public Housing Office of Jambi Province in this study is proven, because it has a positive and significant effect. The third hypothesis which states that has a positive and significant influence between the Development, supervision and control of the optimal level of management of assets / goods (State Property) at the Office of Public Works and Public Housing in the Province of Jambi in this study is proven, because it has a positive influence and significant.
Studi Kepadatan Jentik Nyamuk di Kelurahan Tebing Tinggi Kecamatan Tebing Tinggi Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat Jambi Tahun 2019
Authors: Siahaan Sondang , Fauziah Rina
Published: February 2020

Mosquitoes have a very important meaning in the health sector because of their role as vectors of various diseases. Diseases transmitted by mosquitoes include dengue fever, malaria and filariasis. These three diseases are transmitted from one person to another through vector intermediaries. Vector is a creature that acts as an intermediary for transmitting   diseases. Tebing Tinggi Village is a densely populated area. The density of the population as well as the constraints of clean water make a lot of water reservoirs to store daily water needs. This can potentially be a breeding ground for mosquito larvae. This study was conducted to determine the density of mosquito larvae, to find out the percentage of house index and container index. This study used a visual method, with a cross sectional approach. Based on the results of research from 18 houses (19.78%) that were larvae positive from 91 houses examined and found 22 containers (5.78%) positive larvae from 380 containers examined. 331 containers of larvae were found in the reservoir of deep water as much as 18 containers (5.43%) and as many as 49 containers of  larvae were found in the external water reservoir (12.24%). The density of mosquito larvae in Tebing Tinggi area is categorized as being with density figures 3 and 4. The amount on the surface of the presence of mosquito larvae in water reservoirs in the house should  the community pay more attention to the cleanliness of water reservoirs and to close water storage so that they are not breeding grounds.
KEBIJAKAN HUKUM PIDANA DALAM PEMBERANTASAN TINDAK PIDANA PROSTITUSI ONLINE DI INDONESIA
Authors: Suzanalisa Suzanalisa
Published: February 2020

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti kebijakan hukum pidana terhadap tindak pidana prostitusi online yang terjadi di Indonesia. Kajian ini merupakan kajian pendekatan yuridis normatif dan empiris dengan menggunakan alat bantu instrument kemudian diperoleh hasil kajian menurut ilmu dan teori-teori atau pendapat penyelidik sendiri, dan terakhir menyimpulkannya. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa kemajuan teknologi informasi melalui internet telah dimanfaatkan oleh pelaku pelacuran terutama mucikari melalui media social sebagai tempat promosi perempuan pekerja seks, dan juga disebabkan oleh faktor lain salah satunya tempat pelacuran resmi telah ditutup pemerintah daerah di Indonesia. Sehubungan dengan tindak pidana ini, Pemerintah Indonesia telah mempunyai perangkat hukum dalam mengatasi prostitusi online yaitu KUHP, Undang Undang Nomor 21 Tahun 2007 Tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang, Undang Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 tentang Perlindungan Anak disebabkan perempuan pekerja seks yang dipromosikan lebih banyak anak-anak, selanjutnya telah dimiliki lex specialist yaitu UU Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 tentang Perubahan Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik. Perangkat hukum yang dimiliki ini kenyataan di lapangan prostitusi online masih terus berlangsung. Sehingga melalui kajian ini penulis memberikan rekomendasi bukan hanya kebijakan hukum pidana penal saja tetapi juga kebijakan hukum pidana non penal yang perlu dipertingkatkan iaitu memberi pendidikan seks yang benar seperti Pendidikan Internet di sekolah yang meliputi penggunaan internet yang berkesan, terutama dalam bidang-bidang pembangunan ilmu pengetahuan, bekerja positif & mendekatkan diri kepada tuhan, menjalin hubungan akrab antara orang tua dan anak, mengawasi pergaulan & memilih lingkungan yang positif, diperlukan peranan pemerintah yang tegas namun bersinergi dalam mengambil kebijakan dengan masyarakat.
EFEKTIFITAS PEMBINAAN NARAPIDANA NARKOTIKA DAN OBAT-OBATAN TERLARANG DALAM MENCEGAH PEREDARAN NARKOBA DI LEMBAGA PEMASYARAKATAN KLAS II B MUARO BUNGO
Authors: Harianto Harianto , Azed Abdul Bari , Abdullah M Zen
Published: February 2020

Sistem pemasyarakatan diselenggarakan dalam rangka membentuk Warga Binaan Pemasyarakatan agar menjadi manusia seutuhnya, menyadari kesalahan, memperbaiki diri dan tidak mengulangi tindak pidana sehingga dapat diterima kembali oleh lingkungan masyarakat, dapat aktif berperan dalam pembangunan dan hidup wajar sebagai warga yang baik dan bertanggung jawab salah satunya Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Klas IIB Muara Bungo  khususnya terhadap pembinaan narapidana narkotika focus penelitian ini diperoleh bawha program pembinaan yang telah dilakukan di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Klas IIB Muara Bungo terdiri dari program rehabilitasi medis, program rehabiltasi sosial, program pembinaan mental, program pembinaan fisik, program pembinaan keterampilan dan program pembinaan social dari hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa efektivitas pembinaan terhadap narapidana narkotika, di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Klas IIB Muara Bungo sudah berjalan sesuai denga kondisi yang ada. Pembinaan narapidana narkotika, ditemui beberapa kendala yaitu kendala yang dilihat dari aspek interenitas Lembaga Pemasyarakatan itu sendiri maupun kendala dari aspek ekterenitas Lembaga Pemasyarakatan. Dengan kedua kendala ini lah yang menyebabkan tidak berjalan optimalnya program pembinaan bagi narapidana narkotika di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Klas IIB Muara Bungo.
PENERAPAN SANKSI PIDANA TERHADAP PELAKU PERKAWINAN POLIGAMI DALAM PERSFEKTIF PERUNDANG-UNDANGAN INDONESIA
Authors: Roslinda Sri , Alamsyah Bunyamin , Nggeboe Fredricka
Published: February 2020

Berbagai sikap pro kontra yang diberikan masyarakat terhadap pelaku poligami baik dari kalangan perempuan ataupun dari kalangan pria, dan tidak sedikit yang menentang perilaku poligami, namun tidak sedikit pula yang mendukung praktek poligami. Sewaktu sebuah perkawinan poligami dilakukan di luar ketentuan hukum yang berlaku berarti norma-norma hukum tentang poligami telah dilanggar oleh orang-orang yang bersangkutan. Dengan demikian akan menimbulkan konsekuensi hukum yang berupa sanksi pidana. Merujuk kepada Undang-Undang Perkawinan, jelas tidak memberikan sanksi pidana terhadap pelaku perkawinan poligami karena tidak memuat ketentuan pidananya karena orang-orang yang melakukan poligami tanpa melalui prosedur yang telah ditetapkan oleh Undang-undang perkawinan. Namun pengaturan perkawinan poligami yang tidak sesuai dengan aturan hukum Undang-Undang Perkawinan tersebut diatur di dalam Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Pidana (selanjutnya disebut KUHP) yang mana perbuatan tersebut disebut tindak pidana perkawinan. Melalui karya ilmiah memberikan tujuan menjelaskan menganalisis  penerapan sanksi pidana terhadap pelaku perkawinan poligami dalam perspektif perundang-undangan Indonesia dan hambatan dalam penerapan sanksi pidana terhadap pelaku perkawinan poligami.
PERBEDAAN PENDAPATAN PETANI KARET YANG MEMASARKAN KE PASAR LELANG DAN LUAR PASAR LELANG DI DESA TELUK KUALI KECAMATAN TEBO ULU KABUPATEN TEBO
Authors: Kemala Nida , Gustian Yopi
Published: February 2020

This research aimed to describe the rubber marketing activities  to the inside and outside of the aution market, to determine farmers income who sell rubber   to the inside and outside the aution market and to know the income differences  between both the farmers who sell to the inside and outside the inside in Teluk Kuali Village, Tebo District Ulu. This research was conducted in the Teluk Kuali Village there is a rubber inside as a reasan. There were 31 farmers as a sample. The results showed that there were a significant differences of income between farmers selling rubber products to the inside and outside the inside, viewed as sig. t (2-tailet) = 0,00 < α = 0.05. The income of farmers who sell bokar to the inside is Rp. 1,336,407 Ha/Month while farmers who sell bokar outside the inside are Rp. 952,962 Ha / Month.                                                                                                             Keywords: Difference, Income, Rubber                                                                                                                   ABSTRAK                                                     Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan kegiatan pemasaran bokar ke pasar lelang dan luar pasar lelang dan mengetahui besarnya pendapatan petani yang menjual hasil bokar ke pasar lelang dan luar pasar lelang serta mengetahui perbedaan pendapatan petani yang menjual bokar ke pasar lelang dan luar pasar lelang di Desa Teluk Kuali Kecamatan Tebo Ulu.Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Teluk Kuali, dengan alasan karena di Desa terdapat pasar lelang karet. Jumlah sampel penelitian sebanyak 31 RTP. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat adanya perbedaan pendapatan antara petani yang menjual hasil bokar ke pasar  lelang dan luar pasar lelang di Desa Teluk Kuali Kecematan Tebo Ulu Kabupaten Tebo, dilihat dari sig. t (2-tailet) = 0,00    = 0,05. Besar pendapatan petani yang menjualkan bokar ke pasar lelang Rp.1.336.407 Ha/Bln sedangkan petani yang menjualkan bokar ke luar pasar lelang sebesar Rp. 952.962 Ha/Bln.                                                                             Kata Kunci : Perbedaan, Pendapatan, Karet