bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Akute Atemwegsinfekte und Antibiotika-Verordnungen: Welche Erwartungen haben Patient*innen?
Authors: Wollny Anja , Altiner Attila , Garbe Katharina , Klingenberg Anja , Kaufmann-Kolle Petra , Köppen Martina , Kamradt Martina , Poß-Doering Regina , Wensing Michel , Leyh Mirko , Voss Arwed , Feldmeier Gregor
Published: August 2022

Einleitung Der Einsatz von Antibiotika in der Humanmedizin ist für den globalen Anstieg der Antibiotika-Resistenzen mitverantwortlich. Aufklärungskampagnen, Kommunikationstrainings und Verordnungsfeedback führten zu einer deutlichen Reduktion der Antibiotika-Verordnungen. Basierend auf Daten der Cluster-randomisierten Studie CHANGE-3 steht in der vorliegenden Analyse die Frage nach der patientenseitigen Erwartungshaltung für ein Antibiotikum bei akuten Atemwegsinfektionen im Mittelpunkt.

Methoden An der Untersuchung beteiligten sich 106 von 114 Hausarztpraxen in Baden-Württemberg und Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. 4736 Patient*innen, die von Oktober 2018 bis Mai 2019 mit akuten Atemwegsinfekten in die Praxen kamen, füllten nach der Arztkonsultation einen Fragebogen aus. Die Analyse erfolgte deskriptiv.

Ergebnisse 16,7 % der Patient*innen mit akuten Atemwegsinfekten gaben an, Antibiotika von ihren Hausärzt*innen erhalten zu haben. 13,3 % der Patient*innen hatten ein Antibiotikum erhofft und 5,5 % gaben an, die/den Hausärzt*in darum gebeten zu haben. Der geringste Anteil an Antibiotika-Verordnungen entfiel auf Patient*innen, die die Diagnose eines grippalen Infekts vom/von der Ärzt*in kommuniziert bekamen. Mit spezifischen Diagnosen in Abgrenzung zum unkomplizierten Atemwegsinfekt wurde ein Anstieg sowohl der Anzahl der erhofften als auch der verordneten Antibiotika beobachtet.

Diskussion Patient*innen erhalten nach wie vor häufiger Antibiotika, als es von ihnen erhofft wird. Auf Seiten der Hausärzt*innen könnten die Verordnungen nach wie vor aufgrund eines gefühlten Drucks durch die Patient*innen stattfinden, die sich jedoch so nicht in der Erwartungshaltung der Patient*innen widerspiegelt. Neben einer offenen Exploration der Erwartungshaltung der Patient*innen könnten die Stärkung ihrer Gesundheitskompetenz, eine achtsame Arzt-Patienten-Kommunikation und angebotene Wiedervorstellungsmöglichkeiten bei spezifischen Diagnosen den gefühlten Druck auf Seiten der Ärzt*innen weiter reduzieren.
Postoperative Serum C-Reactive Protein and Cerebrospinal Fluid Leakage after Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Surgery
Authors: Yamaguchi Rei , Tosaka Masahiko , Mukada Naoto , Tsuneoka Haruka , Shimauchi-Otaki Hiroya , Miyagishima Takaaki , Honda Fumiaki , Yoshimoto Yuhei
Published: August 2022

Objective Postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage in endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery is a potential risk that requires immediate repair. We investigated the potential of common postoperative hematological examinations for diagnosing postoperative CSF leakage.

Methods We retrospectively studied 214 consecutive cases who underwent endoscopic transsphenoidal approach (ETSA; transsellar approach) or extended ETSA (E-ETSA). Patients with postoperative CSF leakage were defined the leak group (group L), and patients without were defined as the nonleak group (group N). Postoperative C-reactive protein (CRP) was compared between the ETSA and E-ETSA groups, and between the N and L groups.

Results The values of white blood cell count and CRP 1 to 7 days after surgery were significantly higher in the L group. Especially, CRP was clearly elevated in the L group (p < 0.001). The CRP value was higher in patients in the N group after E-ETSA than after ETSA (p < 0.001). CRP increased on the day after surgery but decreased gradually thereafter in patients after ETSA and in the N group. In contrast, CRP value tended to increase gradually after surgery in the L group. In particular, the CRP on the day before the CSF leak was confirmed was clearly higher than on the fifth to seventh days in the N group.

Conclusion Elevated CRP after endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery is a potential marker of CSF leakage.
Cone Beam CT with Automatic vessel Detection Software versus Conventional 2D Fluoroscopy with Overlay for Prostate Artery Embolization: A Comparison of Prostatic Artery Catheterization Time and Radiation Exposure
Authors: Acharya Vedant , Jalaeian Hamed , Tummala Srinivas , Shah Kush , Kumar Jessica , Kably Issam , Bhatia Shivank
Published: August 2022

Purpose To evaluate the effect of cone-beam computed tomography (CT) with automatic vessel detection software on prostate artery catheterization and fluoroscopy time in prostate artery embolization (PAE).

Methods Fifty patients undergoing PAE for BPH were enrolled in this prospective study. Twenty-five PAEs were performed using automatic vessel detection software with syngo embolization guidance (study) and were compared with 25 PAEs performed using conventional two-dimensional (2D) fluoroscopy with overlay (control). PAE was performed using 300–500 μm trisacryl gelatin spherical particles. The primary outcome parameters were prostatic artery catheterization time and fluoroscopy time.

Results Bilateral PAE was achieved in 24/25 cases in both groups. The median right and left prostatic artery catheterization times were similar between the two groups, (p = 0.473 and p = 0.659, respectively). The median fluoroscopy time (28.0 and 42.0 minutes, p = 0.046) and total procedure time (70.0 and 118.0 minutes, p < 0.001) were shorter in the study group. The median total dose area product (DAP) was not significantly different. However, the median CBCT DAP (11406 vs. 6248, p < 0.001) was higher in the study group, while median fluoroscopy DAP (7371 vs. 8426, p < .049) was higher in the control group. Median digital subtraction angiography (DSA), CBCT, and fluoroscopy DAP accounted for 27%, 45%, and 29% of the total DAP in the study group and 32%, 29%, and 39% in the control group (p < 0.001), respectively. All complications were Clavien–Dindo Grade 1.

Conclusion Although CBCT with automatic vessel detection software had no significant effect on time-to-prostatic artery catheterization and total radiation exposure, it reduced the fluoroscopy time and procedure time.
Management of Posttraumatic Posterior Elbow Defects by Nonmicrosurgical Reconstruction
Authors: Pawar Manoj Dinkar , Sahasrabudhe Parag , Panse Nikhil , Bindu Ameya Rajan , Phulwer Rohit Dagadu
Published: August 2022

Introduction Reconstruction of posterior defects is challenging due to the quality and uniqueness of the excess skin at the elbow that is durable, thick, pliable, and without much subcutaneous tissue. The goal of reconstruction is to cover the elbow defects with a durable skin cover that will facilitate full passive range of motion. In this era of microsurgery, free tissue transfer is feasible for almost any defect. However, in this article, we discuss various locoregional and pedicled flap options and the protocol followed at our institute to tackle posttraumatic posterior elbow defects.

Materials and Methods This is a retrospective analysis of 48 patients with posttraumatic posterior elbow defects admitted from January 2012 to February 2020. Posterior elbow defects were assessed according to the size and location and managed with a nonmicrosurgical reconstruction.

Results Of 48 patients, 32 were managed with nonmicrosurgical flaps. Eighteen patients had large defects and 14 had small defects. Reverse lateral forearm flap was the workhorse flap for defect coverage. Of 32 flaps, nine developed complications; however, no patient had total flap necrosis.

Conclusion Posterior elbow defects are a difficult problem to tackle. To achieve optimal results, all patients with elbow trauma should be attended and managed by orthopaedic and plastic surgeons in collaboration for optimal results. We believe that most of these defects can be resurfaced by nonmicrosurgical reconstruction with proper planning and execution and their utility cannot be understated.
The co-production of a workplace health promotion program: expected benefits, contested boundaries
Authors: Rossi Paolo , Miele Francesco , Piras Enrico Maria
Published: August 2022

Workplace health promotion (WHP) are often depicted as an opportunity for pursuing a better and broader well-being condition under the assumption that working environments affect the physical, mental, and social well-being of individuals who spend large proportion of waking hours at work. While most empirical studies provided medical evidence to the effectiveness of WHP programs, scholars question the instrumental purposes of these programs founded on the belief that “healthy workers are better workers”. Little is known, for instance, about the design of WHP programs and their acceptance by workers. Our study addresses this gap, analyzing the co-production of a WHP program in an Italian research institute promoted by the healthcare authority, the local government and the national center for prevention and security in the workplaces. To this aim, we adopt the notion of boundary object investigate how different stakeholders reclaim to take part and being involved in this process, re-shaping their goals and their boundaries and why a WHP program or parts of it may be rejected or re-negotiated by its recipients. Our analysis reveals how each stakeholder contributes to re-shape the WHP program which emerges as the modular product of the composition of each matter of concern. Most notably, the strong rooting in a clinical perspective and the original focus on only workers at risk is gradually flanked by initiatives to involve all employees. Moreover, workers draw a line as for the legitimacy of employers’ intervention in the personal sphere of health promotion, embracing interventions addressing diet and physical activity while rejecting measures targeting smoking and alcohol consumption.
Failing to see what matters most: Towards a better understanding of dehumanisation
Authors: de Ruiter Adrienne
Published: August 2022

Dehumanisation is an elusive concept. While the term itself indicates that its meaning relates to a process that negatively affects the human aspect of the object involved, it proves more difficult to pinpoint what the ‘human aspect’ in this formula entails precisely or how dehumanisation can negatively affect it. This article aims to contribute to ongoing academic debates about dehumanisation by presenting a new way to understand this notion, which places the failure to recognise the moral relevance of human subjectivity at its conceptual core. The main argument is that dehumanisation involves a failure to recognise what matters most about human beings in a normative sense, namely the fact that their human subjectivity counts as a moral reason against mistreating them. This line of thought has the potential to bring together various strands in the available literature. The account integrates the insight that dehumanisation entails a denial of humanity, resonates with the idea that dehumanisation involves a particular form of moral exclusion and affirms that dehumanisation constitutes an affront to fundamental human interests, needs and rights.
Linear correction method of aeromagnetic gradient detection system error based on global surface attitude swing
Authors: Chang Ming , Xu Lei , Zhang Zhiqiang , Li Houpu
Published: August 2022

The aeromagnetic gradient detection system composed of two vector magnetic detectors carried by the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) will be affected by error parameters such as non-orthogonality, non-alignment, sensitivity gain, and zero drift. The coupling relationship between these parameters complicates the process of solving the error parameters. Aiming at this problem, a linear calibration model of error parameters is constructed. The model establishes a system of linear equations using the projection relationship between the two vector magnetic sensors. This system of equations simplifies the process of solving the error parameters. To verify the correction effect of the model, a training process of arbitrary shaking of the global surface attitude is proposed to simulate the flight attitude of the UAV. The method has little dependence on the test equipment and has strong environmental adaptability. It can quickly solve the non-alignment error and relative zero drift error parameters on the ground. The actual measurement results show that the calibration effect between the corresponding axes can reach more than 89% under random shaking of an angle of ±20°.
Green ammonia from air, water, and renewable electricity: Energy costs using natural gas reforming, solid oxide electrolysis, liquid water electrolysis, chemical looping, or a Haber–Bosch loop
Authors: Pfromm Peter H. , Aframehr Wrya
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this work is to quantitatively compare the energy cost of design alternatives for a process to produce ammonia (NH3) from air, water, and renewable electricity. It is assumed that a Haber–Bosch (H–B) synthesis loop is available to produce 1000 metric tons (tonnes) of renewable NH3 per day. The overall energy costs per tonne of NH3 will then be estimated at U.S.$195, 197, 158, and 179 per tonne of NH3 when H2 is supplied by (i) natural gas reforming (reference), (ii) liquid phase electrolysis, (iii) solid oxide electrolysis (SOE) of water only, and (iv) simultaneous SOE of water and air. A renewable electricity price of U.S.$0.02 per kWhelectric, and U.S.$6 per 106 BTU for natural gas is assumed. SOE provides some energy cost advantage but incurs the inherent risk of an emerging process. The last consideration is replacement of the H–B loop with atmospheric pressure chemical looping for ammonia synthesis (CLAS) combined with SOE for water electrolysis, and separately oxygen removal from air to provide N2, with energy costs of U.S.$153 per tonne of NH3. Overall, the most significant findings are (i) the energy costs are not substantially different for the alternatives investigated here and (ii) the direct SOE of a mixture of steam and air, followed by a H.–B. synthesis loop, or SOE to provide H2 and N2 separately, followed by CLAS may be attractive for small scale production, modular systems, remote locations, or stranded electricity resources with the primary motivation being process simplification rather than significantly lower energy cost.
Differences in lung function, bronchial hyperresponsiveness and respiratory health between elite athletes competing in different sports
Authors: Bernhardsen Guro P. , Stang Julie , Halvorsen Thomas , Stensrud Trine
Published: August 2022

The aim of this study was to examine lung function, bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) and exercise‐induced respiratory symptoms in elite athletes performing different sports. Norwegian national‐team athletes (30 swimmers, 32 cross‐country skiers, 16 speed‐skaters, 11 rowers/paddlers, 17 handball players and 23 soccer players) completed a validated questionnaire, measured exhaled nitric oxide (FENO), spirometry, methacholine provocation (PD20met) and skin prick test. Three cut‐off levels defined BHR; i.e. PD20met ≤2 µmol, ≤4 µmol and ≤8 µmol. Mean forced vital capacity (FVC) was highest in swimmers (Mean z‐score[95%CI]  = 1.16 [0.80, 1.51]), and close to or higher than reference values according to the Global Lung Initiative equation, across all sports. Mean forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) was higher than reference values in swimmers (0.48 [0.13, 0.84]), and ball game athletes (0.69 [0.41, 0.97]). Mean forced expiratory flow between 25 and 75% of FVC (FEF25–75), and/or FEV1/FVC were lower than reference values in all endurance groups. BHR defined by ≤2 and ≤8 µmol methacholine was observed in respectively 50%–87% of swimmers, 25%–47% of cross‐country skiers, 20%–53% of speed‐skaters, 18%–36% of rowers/paddlers, and 0%–17% of the ball game athletes. Exercise‐induced symptoms were common in all groups, most frequent in cross‐country skiers (88%), swimmers (83%) and speed‐skaters (81%).
Wavelet-fused richer convolution feature for multiphase flow visual monitoring of oil and gas production processes
Authors: Li Lipin , Zhang Pengli , Huang Yanqun , Dang Bo , Yang Pei , Hu Yuexin , Dang Ruirong
Published: August 2022

Multiphase flow monitoring of the oil and gas production process is of great significance to the safety of oil and gas exploitation and production. Electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) is one of the most attractive technologies in the field of multiphase flow measurement due to the advantages of its non-radioactive and non-contact properties, good visualization, and low cost. We propose a reconstruction algorithm based on wavelet and richer convolution feature (W-RCF) for solving the problem of artifacts and edge blurring in ECT imaging. In the algorithm, the two-channel source images of Tikhonov regularization and Landweber are simultaneously decomposed by a three-level wavelet. On this basis, an image fusion rule combining Bayesian decision and maximum entropy threshold is established to optimize the wavelet coefficients at each scale. The rule can reduce image artifacts and compensate for the defects in the source images. Afterward, the fused images are input to the RCF network for training and testing, and ECT reconstructed images with higher quality are obtained. Based on the simulation and experimental results, it can be seen that the image reconstruction quality of W-RCF is significantly better than that of the linear back projection, Tikhonov regularization, Landweber, and convolutional neural network algorithms. Therefore, the W-RCF algorithm has higher accuracy and stronger adaptability for multiphase flow under different flow patterns, which provides an effective method of ECT image reconstruction and is more suitable for visual monitoring of multiphase flow in the oil and gas production process.
Study on the microstructure of the symbiosis of coal-based graphene and coal-based graphene quantum dots: preparation and characterization
Authors: Li Ruiqing , Tang Yuegang , Che Qili , Huan Xuan , Ma Pengliang , Luo Peng , Mao Xingjun
Published: August 2022

Coal-based graphene sheets (GS) and coal-based graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are usually prepared separately. In this paper, symbiosis of coal-based GS and coal-based GQDs was successfully prepared with our proposed preparation method by using three raw coals with different reflectance (collected from Qinshui coalfield, Shanxi Province) as carbon sources. The results showed that coal-based GS and coal-based GQDs can exist stably in the symbiosis and are distributed in different layers, and the GQDs are freely distributed between layers of GS. The average number of GS (N
ave) in the three symbiosis is about 7 and the average interlayer spacing (d
002) is about 0.3887 nm. The average diameter of GQDs in the three symbiosis is about 4.255 nm and the average d
002 is about 0.230 nm. The average N
ave of the three symbiosis was about 3 and the average d
002 is about 0.361 nm. The morphology and crystal parameters of symbiosis is more similar to that of graphene, the elements are only carbon and oxygen. In the prepared symbiosis, the higher the reflectance of raw coal, the smoother the lattice skeleton and the less vortex-layer structure of GS, and the larger the diameter and the denser the six membered ring of GQDs. The C and O functional groups of the prepared symbionts are similar. The higher the reflectance of coal, the higher the content of C–C/C=C. Under ultraviolet light, the prepared products all emit blue, and the higher the reflectance of coal, the higher the ultraviolet absorption, and the stronger the fluorescence intensity.
Defect seeded remote epitaxy of GaAs films on graphene
Authors: Zulqurnain Muhammad , Burton Oliver J , Al-Hada Mohamed , Goff Lucy E , Hofmann Stephan , Hirst Louise C
Published: August 2022

Remote epitaxy is an emerging materials synthesis technique which employs a 2D interface layer, often graphene, to enable the epitaxial deposition of low defect single crystal films while restricting bonding between the growth layer and the underlying substrate. This allows for the subsequent release of the epitaxial film for integration with other systems and reuse of growth substrates. This approach is applicable to material systems with an ionic component to their bonding, making it notably appealing for III–V alloys, which are a technologically important family of materials. Chemical vapour deposition growth of graphene and wet transfer to a III–V substrate with a polymer handle is a potentially scalable and low cost approach to producing the required growth surface for remote epitaxy of these materials, however, the presence of water promotes the formation of a III–V oxide layer, which degrades the quality of subsequently grown epitaxial films. This work demonstrates the use of an argon ion beam for the controlled introduction of defects in a monolayer graphene interface layer to enable the growth of a single crystal GaAs film by molecular beam epitaxy, despite the presence of a native oxide at the substrate/graphene interface. A hybrid mechanism of defect seeded lateral overgrowth with remote epitaxy contributing the coalescence of the film is indicated. The exfoliation of the GaAs films reveals the presence of defect seeded nucleation sites, highlighting the need to balance the benefits of defect seeding on crystal quality against the requirement for subsequent exfoliation of the film, for future large area development of this approach.
Cavity spectral-hole-burning to boost coherence in plasmon-emitter strong coupling systems
Authors: Zhou Wen-Jie , You Jia-bin , Xiong Xiao , Lu Yu-Wei , Ang Lay Kee , Liu Jing-Feng , Wu Lin
Published: August 2022

Significant decoherence of the plasmon-emitter (i.e., plexcitonic) strong coupling systems hinders the progress towards their applications in quantum technology due to the unavoidable lossy nature of the plasmons. Inspired by the concept of spectral-hole-burning (SHB) for frequency-selective bleaching of the emitter ensemble, we propose ‘cavity SHB’ by introducing cavity modes with moderate quality factors to the plexcitonic system to boost its coherence. We show that the detuning of the introduced cavity mode with respect to the original plexcitonic system, which defines the location of the cavity SHB, is the most critical parameter. Simultaneously introducing two cavity modes of opposite detunings, the excited-state population of the emitter can be enhanced by 4.5 orders of magnitude within 300 fs, and the attenuation of the emitter’s population can be slowed down by about 56 times. This theoretical proposal provides a new approach of cavity engineering to enhance the plasmon-emitter strong coupling systems’ coherence, which is important for realistic hybrid-cavity design for applications in quantum technology.
Superdense beaming of axion dark matter in the vicinity of the light cylinder of pulsars
Authors: De Miguel Javier , Otani Chiko
Published: August 2022

In this article we treat the non-adiabatic photon-to-axion resonant conversion of curvature radiation, synchrotron emission and inverse Compton scattering dominating the spectral density function of pulsars. First, we introduce emission models and benchmark observational data. We adopt a state-of-the-art density profile that relieves tension with the quantum electrodynamics vacuum polarization effect in highly magnetic stars, leading to efficient mixing. Then, we estimate the dark matter flux induced by photon-axion oscillation across the light cylinder of the neutron star. We find that pulsars might produce axion overdensities many orders of magnitude over the occupation number of dark matter in the Galactic halo within a broad parameter space. We point out possible new methods for axion detection derived from these results and other future lines of work.
Secondary GWs and PBHs in string inflation: formation and detectability
Authors: Cicoli Michele , Pedro Francisco G. , Pedron Nicola
Published: August 2022

We derive the spectrum and analyse the detectability prospects of secondary gravity waves (GWs) associated to primordial black hole (PBH) production in a class of string inflationary models called Fibre Inflation. The inflationary potential features a near inflection point that induces a period of ultra slow-roll responsible for an enhancement of the scalar perturbations which can lead to PBHs with different masses and contributions to dark matter (DM) in agreement with current observational bounds, including CMB constraints on the scalar spectral index and the tensor-to-scalar ratio. This enhancement of the curvature perturbations sources secondary GWs which can be detected by either LISA, ET or BBO, depending on the GW frequency but regardless of the amount of PBH DM since secondary GWs remain detectable even if the PBH contribution to DM is exponentially suppressed. The possibility to see a secondary GW signal is instead due to the presence of an ultra slow-roll epoch between CMB horizon exit and the end of inflation.
Multi-frequency switch and excellent slow light based on tunable triple plasmon-induced transparency in bilayer graphene metamaterial
∗
Authors: Zhou Xianwen , Xu Yiping , Li Yuhui , Cheng Shubo , Yi Zao , Xiao Guohui , Wang Ziyi , Chen Zhanyu
Published: August 2022

We propose a novel bilayer graphene terahertz metamaterial composed of double graphene ribbons and double graphene rings to excite a dynamically adjustable triple plasma-induced transparency (PIT) effect. The coupled mode theory (CMT) is used to explain the PIT phenomenon, and the results of the CMT and the finite-difference time-domain simulation show high matching degree. By adjusting the Fermi levels of graphene, we have realized a penta-frequency asynchronous optical switch. The performance of this switch, which is mainly manifested in the maximum modulation depth (MD = 99.97%) and the minimum insertion loss (IL = 0.33 dB), is excellent. In addition, we have studied the slow-light effect of this triple-PIT and found that when the Fermi level of graphene reaches 1.2 eV, the time delay can reach 0.848 ps. Therefore, this metamaterial provides a foundation for the research of multi-frequency optical switches and excellent slow-light devices in the terahertz band.
Embedded Control and Remote Monitoring for Photovoltaic Solar Energy Harvesting Systems: A Review
Authors: Wei Chang Clifford Choe , Ding Tan Jian , Tak Yaw Chong , Siaw Paw Johnny Koh , Phing Chen Chai
Published: August 2022

With fossil fuel sources diminishing and climate issues getting more and more serious each year, researchers around the world have been turning their attention to more sustainable and environmental friendly energy sources. While many new renewable energy sources emerge, solar remains as a popular and rapidly researched source. The efficiency and robustness of a solar energy conversion system is highly reliant on the continuous improvements and development in several aspects. Among others, is the monitoring and control system. The past few decades witness some rapid growth in the research and enhancements in embedded control and monitoring systems for photovoltaic solar systems. In this paper, a review on various developments of embedded monitoring and control systems for photovoltaic energy conversion systems is presented. The purpose of this article is to shed a better light on relevant techniques and methods. A number of research articles are reviewed and categorized based on the focus and mechanisms presented. A comprehensive study is carried out to reveal the improvement claims, outcomes, discoveries, and trade-offs of the techniques found in the literature, and a comprehensive conclusion is drawn at the end of the article.
Automatic Machine System for Traditional Kuih Ros
Authors: Mat Tahir Nurul Huda , Mohamad Safuan Naim , Azimi Farah Hanan , Rahman Nazry Abdul , Wan Fauzi Wan Muhammad Hafyiez
Published: August 2022

Mechanization and automation are two technologies that have the potential to propel the country’s agro-food sector forward. The application of the technology will provide a consistent supply of high-quality products while lowering production costs, increasing production rates, and reducing labour costs. In accordance to the current demand, this research aims to develop a conceptual design of automatic machine for traditional malay food called as ‘Kuih Ros’. Manually ‘Kuih Ros’ only can produced one at a time with repeated process of dipping, frying, lifting and dispensing by single operator. The inovation of automatic ‘kuih ros’ revoke the manual production which is less laborious with combined attached mould. While the automatic dispensing system affluence the machine’s user and ensuring consistent quality production of ‘Kuih Ros’. This machine is automatic and only requires single operator to control it. The construction of whole design consists of components such as gears, four DC motors, heating element, aluminium food grade machine body, electrical power supply and arduino as controller. This special focus is given to food industries especially the small-medium enterprises (SMEs) as mechanization will help them for larger scale production, hence opening opportunity for bigger market.
Application of Machine Learning Technique Using Support Vector Machine in Wind Turbine Fault Diagnosis
Authors: Binti Shahrulhisham Nur Nalisa Hanim , Chong Kok Hen , Yaw C. T. , Koh S. P.
Published: August 2022

Wind energies are one of the most used resources worldwide and favours the economy by not emitting harmful gases that could lead to global warming. It is a cost-efficient method and environmentally friendly. Hence, explains the popularity of wind energy production over the years. Unfortunately, a minor fault could be contagious by affecting the nearby components, then a more complicated problem might arise, which may be costly. Thus, this article conducted a machine learning technique, support vector machine (SVM) to monitor the health of the wind turbine system by classifying the class of healthy data and faulty data. Some SVM types were experimented with, including Linear, Quadratic, Cubic, Fine Gaussian, Medium Gaussian, and Coarse Gaussian. Then these models were trained under different validation schemes that are cross-validation, holdout validation, and re-substitution validation as an approach to evaluate the performance of each model. In the end, Cubic SVM is proven to outperformed other models under the provision of 10-fold cross-validation with an accuracy of 98.25%. The result showed that Cubic SVM has the best performance while Linear SVM has the least accuracy among other models. Hence choosing the default value is preferred as the final product to diagnose the fault in wind turbine systems.
Cutting Force Measurement using Strain Gauge and Arduino for Monitoring of Turning Tool Post
Authors: Othman Wan Zulkarnain , Ramli Ahmad Fikri , Mamat Nor Hana , Abd Aziz Mohamad Redhwan
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this project is to develop the measurement instrument of cutting force for turning tool post using strain gauge and Arduino. The forces developed when the tools are in contact with the work pieces are captured and transformed into the numerical form system. The captured cutting force signal were then amplified, undergo signal conditioning and converted to digital signals to be read by Arduino. After calibration tests on the x and y directions, with calculations, the corresponding force readings are obtained and displayed for real time monitoring. The results obtained proved its reliability and effectiveness for measuring cutting forces and displayed on a PC for monitoring purposes.
Development of a Weather Station with Water Level and Waterflow Detection using Arduino
Authors: Mamat Nor Hana , Shazali Hafiz Asyraf , Othman Wan Zulkarnain
Published: August 2022

Weather data monitoring is important due to the drastic changes of weather around the world in recent years. Weather-related parameters are commonly measured using weather stations. Low-cost Arduino based weather station is suitable for public use to monitor local weather conditions in the vicinity of their residential area. This will enable quick response in natural disaster caused by the weather. In this work, the integration of water level and waterflow rate detection to the weather station allows hydrological data measurement in addition to the meteorological data. This capability makes the weather station suitable for further expansion into a wireless sensor network for flood monitoring and prediction. This weather station was developed using NodeMCU ESP32 microcontroller, ultrasonic sensor, BMP280 sensor, rain sensor and waterflow sensor. The remote data monitoring capability was realized using Blynk IoT platform. A prototype of this weather station was developed and tested in a simulated environment. Results show that this weather station is able to provide good measurement of meteorological and hydrological data.
QoS Performance Evaluation of IoT-based Virtual Private Network for UAV Video
Authors: Hassan Aslinda , Mat Rawi Muhammad Helmi Aqmar , Mas’ud Mohd Zaki , Abu Maisarah , Zakaria Zahriladha , Mansourkiaie Fatemeh
Published: August 2022

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are popular and are used for surveillance and safety purposes, thus often include live video streaming. An attacker with knowledge of the flight controller’s settings can intercept the camera footage/stream. A virtual private network (VPN) connection is considered as one of the solutions in preventing unauthorised interception, but with a cost. In providing end-to-end encryption connection, the VPN connection can slow the wireless connection speed and, thus, impact the real-time streaming. This article describes the implementation of the IoT-based live video streaming system with VPN and analyses the live streaming performance based on quality of service (QoS) measurements. Comparative analysis between video streaming with and without VPN is presented.
COVID-19 Patient Under Investigation Self-Monitoring Mobile Application: Development and Implementation
Authors: Wan Mohamed Wan Ainul Alyani , Firas Zakey Muhammad Aqil , Sulaiman Noor Suhana
Published: August 2022

This research aims to develop a mobile application for Covid-19’s Patient Under Investigation (PUI) Self-Monitoring (PUISM). The intended audience for this project is PUI cases, specifically (Covid-19) cases. The application was developed for PUI self-health monitoring in order to keep doctors, nurses, and administrators updated about their health status. As a method, the ADDIE model was used in this project. The ADDIE model was employed in this project as an approach. Five phases comprise the ADDIE method: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, And Evaluation. During the design phase, the developer will produce a prototype of mobile applications for PUI that will achieve the patient’s goals and patient requirements. The developer can then create mobile applications that follow the prototype’s design. During the implementation phase, the developer will publish the mobile application. The developer will then collect feedback, analyze the effectiveness of the mobile application for PUI, and determine whether the application is entirely functional or not. Finally, our endeavour benefits all frontlines by supporting them in tracking PUI that meet the criteria for Covid-19 occurrences. Additionally, this treatment reduces the transmission of infection Covid-19 to lessen the burden on the health care system and improve home self-monitoring.
Low noise optimization of an electron beam current transformer for conventional radiotherapy up to ultra high dose rate irradiations
Authors: Lahaye C. , Fontbonne J.-M. , Salvador S.
Published: August 2022

Ultra high dose rate electron beams also known as FLASH radiotherapy is becoming of importance in several preclinial cancer treatment studies. However, due to the dose rate used during the irradiation sessions, no real time dose monitoring device exists to date. In this work, we present the development of a beam current transformer (BCT), from the choice of the ferromagnetic component and the realisation of the shielding to the design of a front-end electronics based on a trans-impedance circuit in order to perform a low noise optimization of the detector. The BCT prototype is able to monitor a beam current range from 1.2 μA to 200 mA with a rise time constant better than 20 ns and a droop rate of the signal below 0.05% · μs-1. Preliminary in-situ measurements are also presented. The goal is to combine the BCT system which measure in real time the beam current, to an ionisation chamber monitoring the beam shape and position in order to provide a reliable dose monitoring system.
Development of a capillary plate based fiber-structured ZnS(Ag) scintillator
Authors: Yamamoto Seiichi , Kamada Kei , Yoshino Masao , Yoshikawa Akira , Sunaguchi Naoki , Kataoka Jun
Published: August 2022

Silver-doped zinc sulfide (ZnS(Ag)) is an opaque powder
scintillator that is mainly used for detection or imaging of charged
particles such as alpha particles. Since ZnS(Ag) is not
transparent, the thickness of ZnS(Ag) was limited to
∼10 μm. If a thicker ZnS(Ag) scintillator could be
developed, it would be useful for studies such as high-energy
particle ion detection as well as beta particle or gamma photon
detection. We developed a ZnS(Ag) fiber-structured scintillator
using a capillary plate in which ZnS(Ag) powder was encapsulated in
the capillaries. The thickness of the capillary plate was
400 μm, and the light produced in ZnS(Ag) escaped from the
capillaries, spread through the transparent lead glass area, and
reached the opposite side of the plate; consequently, the opaque
character and absorption of light could be avoided. The amount of
light emitted from the capillary plate based fiber-structured
ZnS(Ag) was almost the same as that of a commercially available ZnS
(Ag) film, but the detection efficiency was about 1/5 (∼
20%). The amount of light emitted from beta particles and gamma
photons per MeV was less than 1% of that from alpha particles. The
spatial resolution of the developed capillary plate based
fiber-structured ZnS(Ag) scintillator for 5.5 MeV alpha particles
was ∼200 μm FWHM. Imaging of the slits and light spots
from alpha particles could be achieved with the developed
scintillator combined with an electron-multiplied charge-coupled
device (EM-CCD) camera. The developed capillary plate based
fiber-structured ZnS(Ag) will be useful for detecting high-energy
particle ions.
Application of cellulose of Boehmeria nivea as natural flocculants in direct flocculation
Authors: Fauzani D , Notodarmojo S , Handajani M , Helmy Q , Kardiansyah T
Published: August 2022

The use of cellulose which is a natural polymer as a flocculant has been widely used, however, the extraction of cellulose from plants has not been widely studied, particularly extracted from Boehmeria nivea (ramie). In this research, the stem of ramie came from the waste of textile raw material. The isolation of α-cellulose is done through pre-hydrolysis, delignification, and bleaching processes. In this research, there are 6 types of α-cellulose that are isolated from the stem of ramie, depending on the sodium hydroxide concentration in the delignification process. The isolated α-cellulose is characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and tested its flocculation ability through jar-test apparatus with 5 gr/L kaolin suspension as synthetic water samples and turbidity as the test parameter. The coagulation-flocculation experiments were carried out without the addition of a coagulant, which is called the direct flocculation method. Data analysis was performed by One-Way ANOVA statistical analysis, with Duncan’s multiple range test as the post-hoc analysis. It is concluded that cellulose is a good candidate biomaterial for natural flocculants in removing turbidity and further modification of α-cellulose with cationic grafts will be carried out for the next stage of research.
Utilization of Dredged Mud in Land Reclamation: A Comparison Study of Several Soil Improvement Methods
Authors: Wayan Sengara I , Bratanata Jonathan , Krisnanto Sugeng
Published: August 2022

Utilization of dredged mud in land reclamation will become more applicable in the future due to the increase of the need for space and the rising cost of granular fill materials. Dredged mud mainly consists of soft clay and has very low bearing capacity and high compressibility. Therefore, soil improvement is urgently required. In this paper, the effectiveness of using dredged mud as the fill material in land reclamation was analyzed for a case study of land reclamation. The performance of several soil improvement methods in using such reclamation material was calculated and compared. The soil improvement methods considered in this study were prefabricated vertical drain (PVD) with vacuum preloading, cement mixed dredged mud, and rigid inclusion. The load transfer mechanism in each method was analyzed using analytical and numerical methods. In addition, an elementary cost analysis was performed to compare the cost of the methods based on Indonesian prices. It was found that for the considered case study, cement mixing achieved the highest bearing capacity with the shortest time but with the highest cost. For the same increase in bearing capacity, PVD with vacuum preloading provided the lowest cost. This study provides a preliminary step towards the implementation of effective soil improvement for land reclamation in Indonesia.
Integrated Flood Model in 3D Non-Orthogonal Boundary Fitted Hydrodynamic Model for Ciliwung River, Jakarta
Authors: Muslim A B , Muin M
Published: August 2022

The flood model (MuFlood) had been developed and applied as a flood early warning system in Jakarta, Indonesia. The low land Jakarta faces flood threat because of a significant land-use change in the upstream region, especially in the Katulampa catchment area. Katulampa, Bogor, is located 350 meters above Mean Sea Level (MSL). The distance from Katulampa to Manggarai Gate in Ciliwung River is approximately 91 km. The flood arrival time is about 12 hours. The output of MuFlood is as input for the ocean hydrodynamics model (MuHydro3D) using the 3D Non-Orthogonal Boundary Fitted. The paper presents the integrated model results to simulate flood events from Katulampa and the local catchment area of Jakarta. The comparison between observation and model prediction from the MuFlood hydrodynamic model is excellent for the 21-22 September 2020 case. MuHydro3D predicted that from 21-22 September 2020 case cause the water level increases up to 19 cm on West Flood Canal (KBB), and the closer the bay, the water level will gradually smaller and as same as the tide.
Vessel Size and Dredging Depth Optimization for Tol Laut Program using Genetic Algorithm: Hub Port Case Study
Authors: Sihombing R , Muin M , Tawekal R L
Published: August 2022

Tol Laut is an Indonesian government containerized sea freight program which is aimed at reducing the price disparity, as well as extending logistic distribution from developing regions. The program can be enhanced by determining the optimum dredging depth of port navigation channel and the optimum size of vessel. The required channel depth is affected by the size of vessel, which is represented by its draft, on the respected hub port. The significance of vessel size and dredging depth in accommodating the container demand will be evaluated by considering the physical environmental conditions such as surface water elevation which affected by tidal conditions. Genetic Algorithm is utilized in this study since it showed robust results on optimizing port performances problems that have many dependent variables and solutions. As a hub port within Tol Laut Program, Port of Belawan is selected as a case study due to its strategic location. Several demand scenarios were run using the algorithm, resulting several channel depth-vessel size pairs as the solution. In conclusion, the feasibility of the dredging activity relies significantly on the growth of the demand.
Constructed wetlands with Cyperus alternifolius as a sustainable solution for household greywater treatment
Authors: Qomariyah S , Utomo B , Wahyudi A H
Published: August 2022

Compared to the conventional wastewater treatment plants, constructed wetlands (CWs) are low-cost and affordable green technologies for treating many types of wastewater. This study aimed to evaluate the sustainability of an old-single CW, after four years of operation, and compare its performance with a new-smaller CW, using Cyperus alternifolius plant and applying Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) for one day. Two artificial wetlands, namely CW-B and CW-S, were used with dimensions (length x width x height) of 170 x 70 x 70cm and 71 x 42.5 x 52.5cm, respectively. The first operation of the CW-B was in September 2015 and the CW-S was in April 2019. Several concentrations of household greywater influent were loaded into the CWs to analyze their performance. Two aeration pipes were installed in the wetland system to increase the oxygen level in the systems. Water quality parameters namely Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Total Suspended Solid (TSS), detergent, and Dissolved Oxygen (DO) were laboratory tested before and after treatment. Research carried out during April to October 2019 resulted in the mean removal efficiencies for CW-B and CW-S being 94.13% and 96.84% for BOD; 95.04% and 95.62% for TSS; 97.11% and 94.61% for detergent; and 99.5% and 79.7% for DO increase, respectively. These findings indicate that the removal efficiencies of those parameters in both wetlands were not significantly different. Hence, the system of the old CW-B wetland still keeps a good working process. Referring to the national standards of water quality, the greywater effluents were safely discharged into water bodies and could be used for irrigation needs. A further study needs to be developed to maximize the detergent removal to meet the existing standard for hygiene sanitation. These results suggest that CWs are becoming a sustainable solution for the treatment of greywater at the household level and finally contributing to minimizing the pollution of water.
Influence of random variable on reliability index of braced monopod platform based on fatigue analysis in Madura North Java Sea
Authors: Paramashanti  , Rildova  , Sucipto V N B , Kurniawan A
Published: August 2022

This paper carried out fatigue reliability analysis on braced monopod structure located in Madura North Java Sea to find the most suitable fatigue performance function so better service life prediction of each structure’s components can be done by testing the influence of some load random variable. Fatigue reliability analysis is a local analysis therefore analysis will be conducted only on four critical joints. Reliability analysis is done on several performance function using First Order Reliability Method (FORM). The load random variables which will be tested are yearly fatigue damage, local and global stress analysis, and S-N curve parameter. Randomness of fatigue damage is obtained by running fatigue analysis using only one-year wave data for 59-year SEAFINE wave data. Fatigue damage from analysis will be divided by safety factor and service life to obtain yearly fatigue damage. Reliability index from several performance functions show S-N curve parameter hardly influence the result of reliability analysis. Therefore, fatigue reliability analysis will only include yearly fatigue damage and local and global stress analysis as load random variable. Reliability index with 2 as the value of safety factor and 20 years of service life for four critical joint which are 301L, 303L, 203L, and 201L respectively are 1.24, 1.30, 1.30, and 1.30.