bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization and typification of citrus production systems in the department of Meta
Authors: Cleves-Leguízamo José Alejandro , Jarma-Orozco Alfredo
Published: October 2014

Agriculture is a co-evolutionary process between society and nature. Agroecology is an environmental science which focuses on ecosystem-culture and society-nature interactive systems, the effect of human intervention in the transformation of ecosystems. The central objects are agroecosystems and the units of study are production units. These production units are conceived of as agricultural systems and are found in the crossroads of multiple interactions between biophysical, socioeconomical, cultural, and production components, which must be analyzed with an integrated concept. In the present study, a characterization and typification of the citrus agroecosystems of the department of Meta were pursued (Colombia). The pertinence of implementing the methodology designed by the Latin-American Center for Rural Development (Centro Latinoamericano para el Desarrollo Rural-RIMISP) was evaluated, grouping the variables with a focus on an analysis of livelihoods. A survey and interview were defined as methods of collecting the primary information in the municipalities of Puerto López, Villavicencio, Granada, Lejanías, Guamal and San Martin, where 78.4% of the citrus area of the department is found. This study involved the selection and definition of the evaluation variables, validation and adjustment of said variables, collection of primary and secondary information, and the application of multivariate statistical analysis techniques to conform and characterize the recommendation domains or groups. The more important results indicated that it is possible to increase knowledge of the interrelations that exist between the different components of farm agroecosystems and their relationship with the principal agroecological structure. The existence of six agricultural groups or recommendation domains was established, with some productive characteristics very similar within the group but very heterogeneous to the outside of the group, with particular necessities.
Technical-economic characterization of the lulo production system (Solanum quitoense Lam.) in the department of Nariño
Authors: Muñoz B. Johanna , Rodríguez C. Luis Felipe , Criollo Hernando
Published: October 2014

Nariño is a significant producer of lulo in Colombia, with the producers of the region found in the northern part of the department. The principal problems for the producers are the low levels of productivity and profit, which have led to increasing abandonment of this crop, losses of manual labor, and a reduction in the standard of living. The general objective of the present study focused on the application of multivariate analysis in order to reveal the characteristics of the production system, such as the elements of decisions. The results of surveys, interviews, and direct observations of the production units were analyzed through principal component and grouping analyses, using the Ward distance criterion. The studied lots were between 1,788 m a.s.l. in the La Florida District of the municipality of Colón and 2,480 m a.s.l. in the Botanilla District of the municipality of Cartago. Yields were low, although the majority of the producers in Colón obtained yields over 7.0 kg/ plant with a shared production system. The plantlets used for the establishment of the crops are produced by the farmers, few in number, and rarely bought. Chemical fertilization and phytosanitation predominate, although, in San Lorenzo, only organic fertilizers are applied during sowing; microelements are not applied in any of the municipalities. The harvest is commercialized by agrobusinesses with prices fixed by the venders. The analysis of the economic variables showed that those producers with a high number of plants were more efficient and obtained a profit of 488.4%, higher than the general average which was 202.5%.
Postharvest behavior of tamarillo (Solanum betaceum Cav.) treated with CaCl2 under different storage temperatures
Authors: Pinzón-Gómez Lida Paola , Deaquiz Yuli Alexandra , Álvarez-Herrera Javier Gionnavi
Published: October 2014

The tamarillo, or tree tomato, produced in Colombia, has great potential for commercialization in the global market for tropical exotic fruits, but suffers quality losses during the postharvest phase due to the use of inappropriate technologies. In order to extend the postharvest life of these fruits, the effect of calcium chloride (CaCl2) and different storage temperatures was evaluated. A completely randomized design was used, where the block criterion was the temperature with three treatments (control and calcium chloride doses of 570 and 862 mM) and three blocks (6, 9°C and ambient temperature [20°C]), for a total of nine experimental treatments monitored every five days for 20 days. The CaCl2treatments delayed softening over time, as compared to the control but did not affect the other quality attributes. Generally, the fruits stored at low temperatures lost less fresh weight and had a lower respiration rate as compared with the fruits stored at the ambient temperature. During the postharvest, it was observed that the fruits had a pH between 3.84 and 4.36, total acidity between 0.57 and 1.6% and 9.79°Brix on average. The physicochemical properties of the tamarillo were more affected by the ambient temperature than by the application of CaCl2. The temperature of 9°C is recommended for maintaining the quality of this fruit for 20 days.
Effect of replanting systems on populations of Strategus aloeus (L.) and Rhynchophorus palmarum (L.) associated with the oil palm OxG interspecific hybrid (Elaeis oleifera × Elaeis guineensis) in Southwestern Colombia
Authors: Ávila Rodrigo Andrés , Bayona Cristhian , Ricón Álvaro , Romero Hernán Mauricio
Published: October 2014

The oil palm replanting process produces a large amount of organic matter that, as it begins to decompose, becomes a breeding ground for various pests, including Strategus aloeus and Rhynchophorus palmarum. Different crop replanting systems are being used today. The method used depends on the plantation and it is basically associated with the costs involved in the process. However, sometimes too little attention is paid to other issues related to the new crop, such as plant health and agronomic management. This study evaluated the effect of different crop replanting alternatives in relation to two pest populations affecting oil palm plantations. Pest populations of S. aloeus and R. palmarum were assessed and monitored for 27 months using seven replanting methods. It was found that the largest number of individuals of R. palmarum and S. aloeus was associated with the stem felling and stacking method. No individuals of the two pest species were found when the felling and burying method was used. The exposed organic matter method that had the lowest number of individuals of both pest species was the felling, chipping, spreading method.
Effect of the combination of NAA, kinetin and sucrose on the induction of somatic embryogenesis in lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam.)
Authors: Criollo Hernando , Perea Margarita , Toribio Mariano , Muñoz Johanna
Published: October 2014

Lulo is a species of great importance to the fruticulture of Colombia, but has significant phytosanitary problems that require an aggressive breeding program oriented toward the production of genotypes with tolerance to phytopathogens. These programs need to establish highly efficient mass plant propagation protocols, such as somatic embryogenesis. This study focused on research on the somatic embryogenesis of lulo using kinetin, naphthalene acetic acid-NAA (Plant Growth Regulators, PGRs), and different sucrose concentrations in a MS medium. Two lulo varieties, Solanum quitoense var. septentrionale and S. quitoense var. quitoense, and two explant types (hypocotyl and cotyledon) were used, incubated in dark conditions at 25±2°C. The highest production percentage of the embryos was obtained when 50 mM of NAA were added to the medium with sucrose (50.0 and 263.1 mM) for the two explant types used. In lulo with spines, the highest percentage of embryonic structures (50%) was observed with cotyledonary leaf explants and 50 mM of NAA ; while in the spineless lulo, the embryonic structures were observed in the same type of explant with 50 mM of NAA + 263.1 mM of sucrose (32%).
Identification of the variability of a common bean collection through morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular relationships
Authors: Ligarreto M. Gustavo A. , Martínez W. Orlando
Published: October 2014

The present study was carried out in Corpoica, C.I. Tibaitata (Mosquera, Colombia) at an altitude of 2,540 m a.s.l. in six environments composed of different seasons and at an altitude of 1,485 m a.s.l. in the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT ), Calima, Colombia. Morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular descriptors were used to estimate the genetic variability between 36 Colombian bean accessions, of which four were wild and the others cultivated. Diacol Calima (Nueva Granada from the Andean gene pool) and ICA Pijao (Mesoamerican from the mesoamerican gene pool) were used as controls. The combined analysis of the qualitative and quantitative variables was carried out with Gower distance and an unified data matrix with 315 descriptors. The relationships between the genetic distances differentiated the bean collection into two genetic groups: Andean and Mesoamerican. The following groups of characteristics presented high association: total morphology with qualitative morphology (P=0.91), physiological evaluation with grouped evaluation of morphological, quantitative, and physiological characteristics (P=0.91), characterization of isoenzymatic and molecular markers with respect to just molecular markers (P=0.99) and the characterization of all the studied markers in relation to the molecular and isoenzymatic markers (P=0.88).
Relief parameters and fuzzy logic for land evaluations of mango crops (Mangifera indica L.) in Colombia
Authors: Munar-Vivas Oscar Javier , Martínez M. Luis Joel
Published: October 2014

The aim of this paper is to illustrate the use of digital elevation models (DEM) to calculate relief parameters and include them in suitability studies of land for mango crops in Colombia. Data from SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) DEMs with 30 meter of spatial resolution and elevation in meters were used to calculate the slope, aspect, curvature, solar radiation, and topographic wetness index for inclusion in a land evaluation study. Fuzzy logic rules were developed and applied to define the degree of suitability by matching land use requirements with land characteristics. When integrated with geographic information systems, DEMs have significant potential for quantitatively defining and characterizing relief and for generating more detailed data to improve land evaluation processes. The Fuzzy logic proved to be a more realistic approach for evaluating the degree of land suitability than traditional bivalent logic, allowing for the use of membership degrees.
Literature review of the use of birds as pets in Latin-America, with a detailed perspective on Mexico
Authors: Roldán-Clarà Blanca , Lopez-Medellín Xavier , Espejel Ileana , Arellano Evarista
Published: October 2014

A large amount of birds are harvested from the natural environment for the pet market. This trade is a conservation issue and an economic income for many people, two aspects not analyzed yet as a complex system of causes and effects. Though bird trade is common in Latin-America there are few published studies. Therefore, we reviewed available literature to understand the background of this topic and to identify future relevant research topics. We collected, summarized and discussed literature about bird use as pets in Latin-America, with a detailed approach in México. We searched by keywords in search engines. We got a database of 128 documents. Brazil was identified as one of the main countries of bird use research. Most of the papers focused on parrots (27%) and were conducted at a local geographical level (47%). Half of the papers are focused on the general use of birds, 44% on the use as pets and 5% on other uses. The most common techniques employed for gaining information belong to the social sciences. In Mexico, 82% of the information is “gray literature”, mainly congress abstracts. This literature review shows that wildlife use in general and wild birds use as pets in particular are common in Latin-America. We bring to light that most information is not found in peer review journals and contains only useful bird lists. Finally, we found that social organization and actor’s perception research is scarce so we suggest more research in this direction in order to implement better management policies
Perfil dos Artigos Sobre Controladoria Publicados em Periódicos Nacionais de Contabilidade
Authors: Viana de Souza Fabia Jaiany , Barros Celio da Costa , Araujo Aneide Oliveira , Da Silva Maurício Corrêa
Published: October 2014

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo geral identificar e analisar o perfil dos artigos sobre Controladoria, publicados nos periódicos de contabilidade que utilizam o SEER. Foram utilizadas as pesquisas descritiva, bibliográfica e qualitativa. A coleta de dados foi desenvolvida a partir da análise dos artigos publicados nos periódicos de contabilidade nacionais com estrato CAPES que utilizam o Sistema de Editoração Eletrônica de Revistas (SEER). O requisito utilizado para a seleção do artigo foi o de conter a palavra Controladoria no título, no resumo ou nas palavras-chave. Os resultados revelaram que 49 artigos relacionados à Controladoria foram encontrados dentre os 1.665 artigos analisados e que a Revista Contabilidade & Finanças foi aquela que mais publicou sobre essa temática. Constatou-se, ainda, apredominância de artigos com natureza qualitativa, com referências brasileiras e que apresentaram como principais temas: Gestão Organizacional e a Pesquisa em Contabilidade como as Funções da Controladoria e Sistemas de Informação e Gestão de Custos. Concluiu-se que houve predomínio de autores professores do sexo masculino, com titulação de mestre, vinculados a instituições privadas da região sul do País e que a Universidade de São Paulo (USP), seguida pela Fundação Universidade Regional de Blumenau (FURB) foram as instituições que apresentaram o maior número de autores com artigos publicados.
A Adoção das Normas Internacionais de Contabilidade Ocasionou um Maior Reconhecimento dos Ativos Intangíveis no Brasil?
Authors: Carlos Filho Francisco de Assis , Silva Filho Lucivaldo Lourenço da , Lagioia Umbelina Cravo Teixeira , Silva Igor Ézio Maciel da , Araújo Juliana Gonçalves de
Published: October 2014

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar se a transição das normas contábeis locais para as normas internacionais de contabilidade propostas pelo International Accounting Standards Board - IASB acarretou um maior reconhecimento dos ativos intangíveis nas empresas no Brasil e se há alguma correlação entre o preço das ações dessas empresas e a informação do ativo intangível publicado em suas demonstrações contábeis. A amostra utilizada foi de 213 empresas listadas na BM&FBOVESPA em um período de 6 anos, compreendidos entre 2005 e 2007 (antes da adoção das IAS/IFRS) e de 2009 a 2011 (pós adoção as IAS/IFRS). Para a verificação do aumento ou diminuição do reconhecimento dos ativos intangíveis identificáveis e dos ativos intangíveis não identificáveis (goodwill) utilizou-se a análise descritiva dos dados e, posteriormente, realizou-se dois testes comparativos de média: t-student e wilcoxon. Para a análise da existência de correlação entre o preço das ações e a informação do intangível divulgado nas demonstrações contábeis das empresas selecionadas para o estudo, foi utilizado um modelo de regressão multivariada. Os resultados encontrados utilizando-se o teste t-student indicaram que houve um maior reconhecimento por parte das empresas no que se refere às variáveis ativos intangíveis identificáveis e ativo intangível total, não acontecendo o mesmo em relação à variável goodwill. Já com relação ao valor do preço das ações e o intangível publicado, foi constatado que há uma relação entre o valor das ações e o total dos ativos intangíveis reconhecidos.
Microbial predators promote their competitors: commensalism within an intra‐guild predation system in microzooplankton
Authors: Löder Martin Günther Joachim , Boersma Maarten , Kraberg Alexandra Claudia , Aberle Nicole , Wiltshire Karen Helen
Published: October 2014

This study elucidates the interspecific interactions between competing unicellular predators in an intraguild predation system. The organisms studied were two microzooplankton (MZP) predators competing for the phototrophic dinoflagellate prey Scrippsiella trochoidea. Since the smaller dinoflagellate predator Gyrodinium dominans was also potential prey for the larger predator, the tintinnid ciliate Favella ehrenbergii, the experimental system included the probability of intraguild predation (IGP). The development of the three species was studied in set‐ups containing either one of the two predators or both together with their prey. The IG predator F. ehrenbergii grew at a mean rate of 0.77 d−1 independent of the presence of the IG prey G. dominans. High grazing of the IG predator on the smaller IG prey was detected in treatments containing only the two predators. However, when all three species were present, the IG prey displayed significantly higher growth rates (0.42 d−1) compared to treatments containing only the IG prey as predator (0.32 d−1). The results of further experiments allowed the exclusion of mechanical or chemical signals induced by the IG predator being responsible for the observed increase in growth rate of IG prey. Live observations revealed that the IG predator rejected a significant proportion of its S. trochoidea catch after initial uptake. This behavior led to an immobilization of around 26% of the caught cells. We tested if this prey immobilization by the IG predator facilitated prey uptake by the IG prey and thus could be potentially responsible for the higher growth rates of the IG prey. Indeed, the smaller predator selected positively for immobilized prey and reacted with higher grazing and growth rates. Consequently, the IG prey benefitted from this commensalism between IG predator and IG prey and the strength of this pattern predominated IGP in our model system. As both predators co‐occur in the same environment their feeding relationship could increase exploitation efficiency of common mobile prey items. Furthermore, such commensalism potentially opens a loophole for a stable coexistence of MZP predators despite their competition.
Magnetic seeding of non-magnetic adsorbent powders by coagulation using ferric chloride and magnetite
Authors: Borghi C. C. , Fabbri M.
Published: October 2014

A magnetic modification of conventional adsorbent powders to remove them rapidly from water is investigated. In this paper we study the possibility of using a non-magnetic adsorbent powder mixed with magnetite and a coagulant such as ferric chloride added after the adsorption to create magnetic flocs that can be magnetically separated (magnetic seeding). A natural zeolite and Na-activated zeolite mixed with magnetite and ferric chloride are tested. The combination of sedimentation (with coagulant) followed by magnetic filtration is from six to 30 times faster than only sedimentation (with coagulant) in attaining the same final turbidity. Also, a magnetic activated carbon (MAC) powder with and without the addition of ferric chloride is tested. The process conditions that lead to a residual turbidity less than 10% after 5–10 min of magnetic separation are defined for all the powders. The tests on Mn(II) adsorption on Na-activated zeolite–magnetite mixtures show that the adsorption improvement due to activation is not affected by the addition of the coagulant. Moreover, adsorption of the tested cationic surfactants on MAC is up to 30% higher by adding ferric chloride. Negligible concentrations of Fe(III) are found in all treated samples. This technique can potentially be applied to any non-magnetic adsorbent powder and/or to any existing coagulation/flocculation treatment.
High-speed filtration using highly porous fiber media for advanced and compact particle removal
Authors: Guerra Heidi B. , Niu Siping , Park Kisoo , Kim Youngchul
Published: October 2014

Since its recent introduction to the filtration industry, one of the major concerns about the use of fiber in water treatment has been its applicability for high-rate filtration while minimizing the build-up of headloss. In this study, a compact, modular filter employing non-woven, highly porous polypropylene fiber as filter media was investigated for the treatment of turbid water under high filtration rates. The impact of different operating variables such as polyaluminum chloride (PAC) dose and filtration rate on the effluent turbidity and headloss were investigated. Due to the fiber's high porosity, the filter was able to retain solids at a filtration rate of up to 1,500 m/day without headloss. When PAC was added, the effluent turbidity decreased significantly with the lowest observed when the dose was 1 mg/L. Furthermore, the effluent turbidity was found to increase with the filtration rate. During all the experiments, no headloss was observed except when the filtration rate was 2,250 m/day or when the PAC dose was 5 mg/L. In terms of its compactness and applicability at very high filtration rates, the polypropylene fiber filter can have a considerable advantage compared to other filters.
Nitrogen and phosphorus removal from secondary effluent using drinking water treatment residuals fixed-bed column with intermittent operation
Authors: Bai Leilei , Wang Changhui , Pei Yuansheng
Published: October 2014

This work aims to explore a novel intermittently operated fixed-bed column with drinking water treatment residuals (WTR) as main medium to remove nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from secondary effluent under different hydraulic loading rates (HLRs). The results showed that the WTR was beneficial for N removal and the average removal efficiency reached 59%. The denitrification was the primary pathway for N removal and the denitrification rate (2.19 g N/m3 d) was higher than the theoretical value based on the organic matter removal rate (7.35 g CODcr/m3 d). The P removal was excellent and the efficiency still remained 98% after 260-day operation. The lifetime of the WTR fixed-bed column regarding P saturation was estimated to be 7.9 years under the highest HLR of 0.45 m3/m3 d. Moreover, the efficiency and stability of the nutrients removal further increased with the reduction of HLR. Based on regulations, the system holds great promise as a technology for water environment restoration and WTR recycling.
Sensor placement for leak detection and location in water distribution networks
Authors: Sarrate R. , Blesa J. , Nejjari F. , Quevedo J.
Published: October 2014

The performance of a leak detection and location algorithm depends on the set of measurements that are available in the network. This work presents an optimization strategy that maximizes the leak diagnosability performance of the network. The goal is to characterize and determine a sensor configuration that guarantees a maximum degree of diagnosability while the sensor configuration cost satisfies a budgetary constraint. To efficiently handle the complexity of the distribution network an efficient branch and bound search strategy based on a structural model is used. However, in order to reduce even more the size and the complexity of the problem the present work proposes to combine this methodology with clustering techniques. The strategy developed in this work is successfully applied to determine the optimal set of pressure sensors that should be installed in a District Metered Area in the Barcelona water distribution network.
Index of Joint Condition for PVC push-fit joints
Authors: Arsénio André Marques , Vreeburg Jan , Rietveld Luuk
Published: October 2014

The Index of Joint Condition (IJC) for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) push-fit joints, discussed in this article, was derived from installation guidelines and from destructive laboratory tests. The IJC is presented in a graphical framework and is a powerful tool to employ in order to visualize and compare, in situ, results obtained during condition assessment of PVC joints. The graphical results can also be translated into a numerical grade that allows comparing the conditions of various pipes and of individual joints. The applicability of the IJC is demonstrated in the condition assessment of 222 joints inspected in eight different sessions that encapsulate more than 2 km of older (more than 40 years) and newer pipes (less than 2 months). While, for the new pipe, all joints were considered to be in good condition – low replacement priority –, several joints in older pipes were considered to have high replacement priority.
Competing for water: golf courses in semi-arid regions. The case in Spain
Authors: Utrero-González N. , Callado-Muñoz F. J.
Published: October 2014

The proliferation of golf courses in tourist areas in the Mediterranean has increased water needs substantially. The objective of this paper is to model the political process associated with water distribution decision-making in water-scarce areas. This has been done by developing a pressure group model. Results allow the relative importance of pressure group size and the relationship between size and resources devoted to political lobbying to be characterized. Empirical analysis confirms results of the model with respect to lobbying activities of golf promoters. The relative size of the different groups involved plays a significant role in the efforts made for political pressure. Water deficit becomes a very relevant variable suggesting that in water-scarce scenarios lobbying activity will be more important.
Smart metering use cases to increase water and energy efficiency in water supply systems
Authors: Loureiro D. , Vieira P. , Makropoulos C. , Kossieris P. , Ribeiro R. , Barateiro J. , Katsiri E.
Published: October 2014

Efficient water and energy use in water distribution systems is being limited by the lack of sufficient data about water and related energy consumption. Therefore, it is crucial to provide updated and continuous feedback information to water users. This paper describes relevant use cases to improve efficient water use and related energy consumption by water utilities and consumers through the use of smart metering technologies. A systematic approach was established to obtain a comprehensive list of possible functionalities, using the concept of use case. For the consumer domain, six high-level and 18 detailed-level use cases were obtained. For the water utility domain, seven high-level and 20 detailed-level use cases were described. The high-level use cases with higher priority to be implemented in the iWIDGET system were also identified based on the contribution of different target audiences. The list of use cases covers a comprehensive range of possible usages that can be built upon the exploitation of data related to water and energy use in water distribution systems and in households, which may be of further use as a guide for similar studies.
Economic effects of the consolidation of water utilities in Japan
Authors: Shibuya Masao , Hernández-Sancho Francesc , Molinos-Senante María
Published: October 2014

Water utilities are affected by economies of scale. However, in Japan most water utilities are small-scale water services. Therefore, they face enormous difficulties in terms of financial and personnel resources. To take advantage of economies of scale, the consolidation of water utilities has been promoted since 1965 by Japanese water authorities. The measure has been successful to some extent; nevertheless, consolidation has not progressed in recent years as was expected. This paper identifies the main barriers that hinder the consolidation of water utilities in Japan and describes the new promotion plan for the consolidation of water utilities developed by the Japan Water Works Association. To assess the economic effects of consolidation, an empirical application is carried out involving four real Japanese cities. The results will be useful to water authorities considering consolidation in the long-term planning of urban water management.
Childhood Adversities and Traumata in Lebanon: A National Study
Authors: Itani Lynn , Haddad Youmna C , Fayyad John , Karam Aimee , Karam Elie
Published: October 2014

Background: The goal of this paper is to map the total occurrence and evaluate the risk of co-occurrence of childhood adversities (CA) and a wide variety of childhood traumatic events (including war) in a national sample.Method:The nationally representative sample included 2,857 respondents and the instrument used was the Composite International Diagnostic Interview which screened for all CAs and traumatic events.Results:27.9% experienced CAs; the most common were parental death and parental mental/substance use disorder. 70.6% experienced a war-related traumatic event during their lifetime, and around half of them (38.1%) experienced it below the age of 18 years. 51.3% of the subjects experienced a traumatic event not related to war during their lifetime, and 19.2% experienced it before the age of 18 years. Sexual abuse, being a refugee during war, and experiencing a natural disaster were associated with female gender. Having any CA was associated with active war exposure (OR: 4.2, CI: 2.0-8.6); war-related direct personal trauma (OR: 3.9, CI: 1.5-10.0); war-related trauma to others (OR: 2.4, CI: 1.3-4.4); non-war direct personal trauma (OR: 3.8, CI: 2.0-7.4); and any non-war childhood traumatic event (OR: 1.9, CI: 1.1-3.1).Conclusion:Childhood is awash with adversities and traumatic events that co-occur and should be measured simultaneously; otherwise, the effects of a subset of traumata or adversities could be wrongly thought to be the contributor to negative outcomes under study.
Multidisciplinary Treatment Options of Tooth Avulsion Considering Different Therapy Concepts
Authors: Kostka Eckehard , Meissner Simon , Finke Christian H , Mandirola Manlio , Preissner Saskia
Published: October 2014

Background:

Avulsion of permanent front teeth is a rare accident, mostly affecting children between seven and nine years of age. Replanted and splinted, these teeth often develop inflammation, severe resorption or ankylosis affecting alveolar bone development and have to be extracted sooner or later.

Objectives:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate different therapy concepts to create a structured concept for the treatment of avulsions.

Results:

Based on existing therapy concepts, a concept for different initial conditions (dry time, age, growth, tooth, hard and soft tissues) was developed and is presented here.

Conclusion:

A great deal of research has been performed during recent years and guidelines for the management of avulsions have been published. With the help of this literature it is possible to identify the best treatment procedure for each tooth.

Clinical Relevance:

The prognosis of avulsed teeth can be improved by considering evidence-based therapy concepts. Resorption, ankylosis and tooth loss could be minimized.
Cervical Spine Involvement: A Rare Manifestation of Reiter's Syndrome
Authors: Rastegar Khodakaram , Ghalaenovi Hossein , Babashahi Ali , Shayanfar Nasrin , Jafari Mohammad , Jalalian Mehrdad , Fattahi Arash
Published: October 2014

Spine involvement is less common in Reiter's syndrome than in other seronegative spondyloarthropathies. Also, cervical spine involvement rarely occurs in Reiter's syndrome and other spondyloarthropathies. This paper reports a rare case of Reiter's syndrome in which there was cervical spine involvement that presented clinically as an atlanto-axial rotatory subluxation. Reiter's Syndrome (RS) is one of the most common types of seronegative spondyloarthropathies (SSAs) that presents clinically with a triad of symptoms, i.e., conjunctivitis, urethritis, and arthritis. This case highlighted the importance of radiographs of the lateral cervical spine and dynamic cervical imaging for all patients who have Reiter's syndrome with cervical spine symptoms to ensure that this dangerous abnormality is not overlooked.
Inhibitory activities of microalgal extracts against Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) antigen expression in lymphoblastoid cells
Authors: Koh Yih , Chu Wan , Phang Siew , Mohamed Shar , Rakesh Naidu , Lai Pey , Ling Shui , Mak Joon , Lim Patricia , Pauline Balraj , Khoo Alan
Published: October 2014

The inhibitory activities of microalgal extracts against the expression of
three EBV antigens, latent membrane protein (LMP)1, Epstein-Barr nuclear
antigen (EBNA)1 and Z Epstein-Barr reactivation activator (ZEBRA) were
assessed by immunocytochemistry. The observation that the methanol extracts
and their fractions from Ankistrodesmus convolutus, Synechococcus elongatus
and Spirulina platensis exhibited inhibitory activity against EBV proteins in
three Burkitt?s lymphoma cell lines at concentrations as low as 20 ?g/ml
suggests that microalgae could be a potential source of antiviral compounds
against EBV.
Current aspects with regard to the link between pregnancy and inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Prelipcean Cijevschi , Mihai Catalina , Gogalniceanu P. , Anton Carmen , Anton E.
Published: October 2014

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has a high incidence predominantly in young
individuals, it also affects family planning and pregnancy. In this review we
will summarize a number of issues and challenges that arise from this, such
as the chances of having a successful pregnancy, how IBD affects pregnancy,
what investigations are needed during pregnancy, as well as what is the
correct management of IBD (dietary, medical or surgical) in pregnant women
with this disorder. IBD in pregnancy requires a multidisciplinary approach
involving close collaboration between patient, gynecologist and
gastroenterologist in order to increase treatment compliance and facilitate a
successful pregnancy.
A checklist of Ropalidiini wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Polistinae) in Indochina
Authors: Pham Phong
Published: October 2014

As a basis for intensive study of the taxonomy and biogeography of
Ropalidiini wasps in Indochina (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Polistinae), a
checklist of Ropalidiini wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) is presented. A total
of 57 Ropalidiini species and subspecies belonging to three genera from
Indochina are listed, together with information of the type material
deposited in the Natural History Collection, Ibaraki University, Japan (IUNH)
and the Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources (IEBR). References of
their distribution in Indochina are also provided.
The westernmost locality of Macrosciadium alatum (Apiaceae) in Europe and a new diagnostic feature of the species
Authors: Prockуw Jarosław , Jarzembowski Paweł , Wilusz Ewa , Faltyn Anna , Jakubska-Busse Anna
Published: October 2014

A new locality of Macrosciadium alatum in the Western Bieszczady Mts.
(Duszatyn, Koma?cza district, Sanok county) is described in this paper. The
locality is currently the westernmost point of distribution of the species.
As Macrosciadium alatum is an invasive species, it is advisable to monitor it
cyclically in this area. A newly discovered diagnostic feature of this
species, not included in descriptions of this plant so far, is conically
elongated cells, i.e. papillae on the upper side of the petals. It is
suggested that this feature be used in the identification of representatives
of the Apiaceae family in Poland and Europe. The distribution map of the
species has been updated in this work.
Primary parasitoid and hyperparasitoid guilds (hymenoptera) of grain aphid (Sitobion avenae F.) in northern Poland
Authors: Barczak T. , Dębek-Jankowska A. , Bennewicz J.
Published: October 2014

The aim of this study was to determine and compare the guilds of parasitic
Hymenoptera associated with the grain aphid on rye and winter wheat. Of the
seven species of primary parasitoids (Braconidae: Aphidiinae, Aphelinidae),
parasitizing colonies of Sitobion avenae, the most numerous and most
frequently occurring, included Praon volucre, Aphidius ervi and Aphidius
uzbekistanicus. Primary parasitoids of grain aphids were eliminated largely
by hyperparasitoids, mostly of the families Megaspilidae (Dendrocerus
carpenteri), Figitidae-Alloxystini (Alloxysta spp. and Phaenoglyphis villosa)
and Pteromalidae (Pachyneuron aphidis, Asaphes vulgaris, Coruna clavata), but
D. carpenteri and Alloxysta spp. belonged to dominants and subdominants,
respectively.
Bioinformatic characterization of differential proteins in the hippocampus of Ts65Dn: A mouse model of down syndrome
Authors: Zhang Bin , Kong Jing , Ye Shi , Wang Qiu-Wei , Shao Hi-He , Yu Bin
Published: October 2014

Down syndrome (DS) is characterized by mental retardation and the development
of Alzheimer?s disease (AD). The reason for this development is not yet
clear. Ts65Dn mice were used in this study. We collected their hippocampi and
identified protein biomarkers using isobaric tags for relative and absolute
quantitation (iTRAQ). We described the biochemical characteristics of
proteins and explored their complicated network using GOA, Kyoto Encyclopedia
of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway and network analysis. There were 374
significant differential proteins in the hippocampi of Ts65Dn mice. These
were mainly binding proteins, related to single-organism and cellular
processes. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that the insulin-signaling pathway
was enriched with DS. Using PAJEK, a network of protein interactions was
constructed and the top ten hub proteins were FYN, YBX1, VIM, PRKACA, EWSR1,
H2AFX, CACNA1A, PTN, TFCP2L1 and CRKL. Through preliminarily discovered
differentially expressed proteins by iTRAQ and bioinformatics analysis, we
concluded that these proteins could be closely related to the neurological
deficits of DS.
Diversity of Chrysophyceae (Heterocontophyta) in the Zasavica River (Serbia)
Authors: Predojevic Dragana , Kljajic Zeljko , Kovacevic Emilija , Milosavljevic Jovana , Papic Petar , Lazic Milojko , Subakov-Simic Gordana
Published: October 2014

Detailed studies of the Chrysophyceae class of algae have not been undertaken
in Serbia thus far. The golden algae usually occur during the winter and
spring months. Chrysophyceae of the Zasavica River in Serbia were studied at
two localities from December 2012 to Jun 2013. In our research, 26 taxa were
recorded and the genus with the highest diversity was Mallomonas (15
species). The most abundant species during the whole study period were Synura
uvella, Dinobryon divergens and Dinobryon sociale. At the beginning of
summer, Chrysophyceae disappeared from the phytoplankton community.
Livia junci (Schrank, 1789) (Hemiptera, Psyllidae): A new species of Iraqi entomofauna
Authors: Jarzembowski Paweł , Faltyn Anna , Jakubska-Busse Anna , Prockуw Jarosław
Published: October 2014

First data on the occurrence and distribution of Livia junci in Iraqi
Kurdistan are given. Juncus cfr. fontanesii J. Gay ex Laharpe specimens were
collected on June 8, 1958 near the village of Dinartah (Dinarta), Nineveh
(N?nawa) Province, NE of Mosul, 650 m a.s.l. (specimens at the RBG Kew
Herbarium, E. Chapman 26131). We observed galls on Juncus plants, which
formed in response to Livia feeding. Psyllids typically feed on
dicotyledonous plants; however, Livia genus developed on monocots.
Optical tomography for measuring dose distribution in radiation therapy
Authors: Kauppinen Matti , Alasaarela Esko , Koivula Antero , Rouhiainen Sini
Published: October 2014

The dosimetry is used to verify the dose magnitude with artificial samples
(phantoms) before giving the planned radiation therapy to the patient.
Typically, dose distribution is measured only in a single point or on a
two-dimensional matrix plane. New techniques of radiation therapy ensure more
detailed planning of radiation dose distribution which will lead to the need
of measuring the radiation dose distribution three-dimensionally. The gel
dosimetry is used to indicate and determine the ionizing radiation
three-dimensionally. The radiation causes changes in chemical properties of
the gel. The radiation dose distribution is defined by measuring the chemical
changes. A conventional method is the magnetic resonance imaging and a new
possibility is optical computed tomography (optical-CT). The optical-CT is
much cheaper and more practical than magnetic resonance imaging. In this
project, an optical-CT based method device was built by aiming at low
material costs and a simple realization. The constructed device applies the
charge coupled device camera and fluorescent lamp technologies. The test
results show that the opacity level of the radiated gel can be measured
accurately enough. The imaging accuracy is restricted by the optical
distortion, e. g. vignetting, of the lenses, the distortion of a fluorescent
lamp as the light source and a noisy measuring environment.
Condition monitoring of PARR-1 rotating machines by vibration analysis technique
Authors: Qadir Javed , Qaiser Hameed , Ali Mehar , Iqbal Masood
Published: October 2014

Vibration analysis is a key tool for preventive maintenance involving the
trending and analysis of machinery performance parameters to detect and
identify developing problems before failure and extensive damage can occur. A
lab-based experimental setup has been established for obtaining fault-free
and fault condition data. After this analysis, primary and secondary motor
and pump vibration data of the Pakistan Research Reactor-1 were obtained and
analyzed. Vibration signatures were acquired in horizontal, vertical, and
axial directions. The 48 vibration signatures have been analyzed to assess
the operational status of motors and pumps. The vibration spectrum has been
recorded for a 2000 Hz frequency span with a 3200 lines resolution. The data
collected should be helpful in future Pakistan Research Reactor-1 condition
monitoring.
New integral representations in the linear theory of viscoelastic materials with voids
Authors: Cialdea A. , Dolce E. , Leonessa V. , Malaspina A.
Published: October 2014

We investigate the two basic internal BVPs related to the linear theory of
viscoelasticity for Kelvin-Voigt materials with voids by means of the
potential theory. By using an indirect boundary integral method, we represent
the solution of the first (second) BVP of steady vibrations in terms of a
simple (double) layer elastopotential. The representations achieved are
different from the previously known ones. Our approach hinges on the theory
of reducible operators and on the theory of differential forms.
A Two-Stage Approach for Medical Supplies Intermodal Transportation in Large-Scale Disaster Responses
Authors: Ruan Junhu , Wang Xuping , Shi Yan
Published: October 2014

We present a two-stage approach for the “helicopters and vehicles” intermodal transportation of medical supplies in large-scale disaster responses. In the first stage, a fuzzy-based method and its heuristic algorithm are developed to select the locations of temporary distribution centers (TDCs) and assign medial aid points (MAPs) to each TDC. In the second stage, an integer-programming model is developed to determine the delivery routes. Numerical experiments verified the effectiveness of the approach, and observed several findings: (i) More TDCs often increase the efficiency and utility of medical supplies; (ii) It is not definitely true that vehicles should load more and more medical supplies in emergency responses; (iii) The more contrasting the traveling speeds of helicopters and vehicles are, the more advantageous the intermodal transportation is.
Beginning a Partnership with PhotoVoice to Explore Environmental Health and Health Inequities in Minority Communities
Authors: Kovacic Melinda , Stigler Sara , Smith Angela , Kidd Alexis , Vaughn Lisa
Published: October 2014

Research informs action, but the challenge is its translation into practice. The 2012–2017 National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Strategic Plan emphasizes partnership with community stakeholders to capture critical missing information about the effects of environment on health and to improve translation of study results, a daunting task for many traditionally-trained researchers. To better understand economic and neighborhood context consistent with these goals as well as existing inequities, we needed access to a highly affected community to inform and participate in our research. Our team therefore undertook a PhotoVoice project as a first step in establishing a participatory partnership and to appreciate the lived experiences of and build trust with youth visiting an urban community center in a high-risk, low-income, African American neighborhood located along a busy, polluted interstate. Ten 8–13 years-olds represented their community’s perspectives through photographs over 14-weeks using structured questioning. Five themes emerged: poor eating habits/inadequate nutrition; safety/violence; family/friends/community support; future hopes/dreams; and garbage/environment. Public viewings of the photos/captions facilitated engagement of other community agencies and multidisciplinary academic faculties to work together to build a sustainable “community collaboratory” that will promote health at the center by providing families knowledge/skills to prevent/minimize environmental exposures via diet/lifestyle changes using community-engaged, citizen scientist and systems thinking approaches.
Is Being a Boy and Feeling Fat a Barrier for Physical Activity? The Association between Body Image, Gender and Physical Activity among Adolescents
Authors: Kopcakova Jaroslava , Veselska Zuzana , Geckova Andrea , Van Dijk Jitse , Reijneveld Sijmen
Published: October 2014

Regular physical activity leads to physical and mental health benefits. Previous studies have shown physical activity to be associated with body image and gender. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to explore the associations of body image with physical activity of adolescents and whether gender modifies this association. We obtained data on body image and physical activity as part of the Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children study in 2010 from Slovakia (n = 8042, age 11–15 years, 49% boys, response rate: 79.5%). Adolescents answered questions about their body image and the frequency of their physical activity. Sufficient physical activity was more likely in adolescents perceiving themselves as fat (OR = 0.63, 95%CI 0.54–0.73) and in boys (OR = 2.15, 95%CI 1.92–2.42). A poor body image among girls was not associated with physical activity, whereas among boys it was associated with less physical activity. Gender seems to moderate the relationship between body image and physical activity in youths. Health promotion should be targeted in particular at boys with a negative body image, as they are at higher risk of physical inactivity.