bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Liselerde Görev Yapan Yönetici ve Öğretmenlerin, EBA Akademik Destek Platformu Hakkındaki Görüşleri (Erzincan İli Örneği)
Authors: İBİLİ Hakan , YALÇIN Sinan
Published: June 2021

Pandemi döneminde tüm dünyada olduğu gibi Türkiye’de de yüz yüze eğitim-öğretim aksamış, bu sebeple gelişen teknolojiler hayatımızın her alanında olduğu gibi eğitim alanında da büyük önem kazanmıştır. Bundan dolayı başarılı bir eğitim-öğretim dönemi geçirmek için yapay zekâ teknolojileri eğitim teknolojilerine entegre edilmiştir. Bu kapsamda EBA Akademik Destek Platformu hizmete sunulmuştur. Lise 11. ve 12. sınıf öğrencilerine yönelik olan platform, üniversite sınavına yönelik eğitim içerikleri ve hedefler sunarak kullanıcılarına rehberlik etmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, 2019-2020 eğitim-öğretim yılının ikinci döneminde faaliyete giren EBA Akademik Destek Platformu’na ilişkin ortaöğretimde görev yapan okul yöneticilerinin ve öğretmenlerin görüşlerinin incelenmesidir. Araştırma yöntemi olarak nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden “olgu bilim deseni” kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, Erzincan il merkezinde görev yapan 10 okul yöneticisi ve 20 öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. Veriler, araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen “yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu” ile toplanmıştır. Pandemi sürecinden dolayı ve katılımcıların da isteği üzerine, katılımcı görüşleri yazılı olarak ya da online form kullanılarak alınmıştır. Elde edilen veriler içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda katılımcıların, platform arayüzünü sade ve kullanışlı buldukları görülmüştür. Platformun kullanılması ile okul ve ders bazlı hedef ve stratejilerde bir değişiklik olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Platformdaki öğretmen verilerinin, öğretmenlerin performanslarını değerlendirirken kullanılmadığı fakat sonraki eğitim dönemlerinde kullanılabileceği tespit edilmiştir.
Mülteci Temsillerinde Kültürel Farklılık İnşası ve Toplumsal Kabule Etkileri
Authors: PANDIR Müzeyyen
Published: June 2021

Türk toplumu ve Suriyeli mülteciler arasında toplumsal kabul ve uyum konusuna odaklanan kamuoyu çalışmaları, coğrafi yakınlıkları ve ortak dini hassasiyetlerine rağmen Türk toplumunun Suriyeliler’i kültürel olarak uzak ve farklı gördüklerini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çalışma, Suriyeli mültecilerin ülke gündeminde oldukları dönemlere dönerek, o dönemin haber fotoğraflarında nasıl temsil edildiklerini, fotoğraflarda nasıl bir “Suriyeli mülteci” kimliği inşa edildiğini ve bu temsillerin Türkler ve Suriyeliler arasında kültürel farklılık ve uzaklık algısını nasıl beslemiş olabileceklerini sorgulamaktadır. Suriyeli nüfusun Türkiye’de en fazla artış gösterdiği 2014 ve 2015 yıllarında beş günlük gazetede yayınlanan Suriyeli mülteci fotoğrafları içerik analizi yöntemi ile incelenmiş, fotoğraflarda Suriyeliler’e dair hangi anlamların üretildiği belirlenmiş, biz-onlar ayrımının nasıl ve hangi temsil pratikleri ile inşa edildiği gözlemlenmiş ve bu temsillerin toplumsal kabule yönelik olası etkileri tartışılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, gazete temsillerinde Suriyeli mültecilere karşı önyargılı bir temsil biçiminin açık bir şekilde kullanılmadığı, ancak bazı temsil pratikleri ile daha örtülü şekillerde Suriyeliler’in toplumdan (bizden) farklı, uzak ve yabancı bir grup olarak inşa edildiği savunulmaktadır. Bu temsil biçimi, üç buçuk milyonun üzerinde Suriyeli nüfusa sahip Türkiye’de, Suriyeliler’e yönelik toplumsal kabulün oluşumuna olumsuz etki edecek niteliktedir. Toplum içerisinde barışın hâkim olabilmesi için medya temsillerinde, Suriyeli mültecilerin “görünmez” kılınan ancak “bize” benzer “sıradan” ve olumlu özelliklerinin görünür kılınması önerilmektedir.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Gözünden Evlilik
Authors: KELDAL Gökay
Published: June 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı üniversite öğrencilerinin evliliğe ilişkin görüşlerinin incelenmesidir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 1280 (1003 kadın, 277 erkek) bekâr üniversite öğrencisi oluşturmuştur. Verilerin analizinde yüzde, frekans ve ki-kare analiz teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre üniversite öğrencilerinin büyük bir çoğunluğunun yaşam seyrinde evliliğin yer aldığı, ideal evlilik yaşlarının 26 yaş civarında olduğu, gençlerin büyük bir bölümünün yaşam planlarında önceliğinin kariyer olduğu ve çok az bir kısmının kendini evliliğe hazır hissettiği belirlenmiştir. Üniversite öğrencilerinin üçte birine yakınının evliliklerinin ebeveynlerinin evliliğine benzemesini istediği, üçte birine yakınının evlenmeden birlikte yaşama karşı olumlu yaklaştığı, dörtte birinin evlenmeden cinsel ilişki yaşanmasını uygun bulduğu ve yarıdan fazlasının evlilikten kaygılandığı ortaya çıkarılmıştır.
Türkiye’de Gecekondu Araştırmaları
Authors: DANIŞ Muhammed Salim , KARAKAŞ Mehmet
Published: June 2021

Toplumsal yaşam üzerindeki önemli etkisi nedeniyle kent, sosyal bilimciler tarafından önemli bir çalışma konusu olarak görülmektedir. Türkiye’de de Cumhuriyet öncesinden günümüze kadar kent üzerine çok sayıda çalışma yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmaların önemli bir bölümü ise gecekondu üzerinedir. 1950’lerden sonra Türkiye’de yaşanan göçler sonucunda ortaya çıkan konut sorunu, gecekondu olgusunu ortaya çıkarmış ve gecekondularla birlikte Türkiye’de özellikle büyük kentlerde bir değişim başlamıştır. Ucuz ve hızlı konut yapımı olarak ortaya çıkan gecekondular, köyden kente göçen aileler için bir çözüm yolu olarak görülmüş ve sanayileşmenin yaşandığı şehirlerde sayıları hızlı bir şekilde artış göstermiştir. Gecekonduların ortaya çıkışı ve artış göstermesi ise sosyal bilimciler başta olmak üzere birçok bilim alanının inceleme konusu haline gelmiştir. Gecekondunun ne olduğu, neden yapıldığı, gecekonduluların kim oldukları, köylü mü kentli mi oldukları, aile yapılarının nasıl olduğu ve gecekondularla nasıl baş edileceği gibi birçok sorun ekseninde çalışmalar yürütülmüştür. Bu çalışma, 1950’lerde ortaya çıkmaya başlayan gecekondu üzerine yapılmış sosyolojik çalışmalara odaklanmaktadır. 1950’den, 2000’e kadar gecekondu üzerine yapılmış ve literatürde önemli yer edinmiş gecekondu çalışmalarına yer verilmekte ve bu dönemde yapılan araştırmaların genel niteliklerine değinilmektedir. Bu çalışmaların içerikleri, ortaya koydukları genel sonuçlar ele alınmaktadır. Aynı zamanda gecekondu çalışmalarının dönemsel olarak veya bakış açısına göre farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığı, ele alınan konuların değişip değişmediği, değişti ise hangi faktörlerin etkili olduğu gibi sorulara da cevap aranmaya çalışılmaktadır.
PHOTOCHEMICAL DEGRADATION OF PHENOL WITH THE PARTICIPATION OF TiO2 NANOPARTICLES AND ETHYL-3,3,5,5-TETRACIANO-2-HYDROXIDE-2-METIL-4,6-DIPHENYL CYCLOHEXANE CARBOXYLATE
Authors:   Baku State University, Gadirova E.M.
Published: June 2021

The photochemical decomposition of phenol with the participation of TiO2 nano-particles and ethyl-3,3,5,5-tetraciano-2-hydroxide-2-metil-4,6-diphenyl cyclohexane carboxylate by UV spectroscopy was studied for the first time. It has been shown, that UV irradiation of this mixture during 1 hour brings to 52% decomposition of phenol
REFINEMENT OF THE PHASE DIAGRAM OF THE MnTe–In2Te3 SYSTEM
Authors:   M.Nagiyev Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry, NAS of Azerbaijan, Mammadov F.M.
Published: June 2021

The MnTe–In2Te3 system was re-investigated by DTA and XRD methods, and its phase diagram was constructed somewhat differently from the previously known ones. It was found that the system is characterized by the formation of the MnIn2Te4 compound congruently melting at 1025 K with a wide (49–67 mol% In2Te3) homogeneity region. This phase is in eutectic equilibrium (1015 K) with solid solutions based on lt-MnTe (lt – low temperature) and in peritectic equilibrium with solid solutions based on In2Te3. A comparative analysis of the results obtained with the literature data is carried out
STUDY OF CATALASE ACTIVITY OF BIOMIMETIC SENSORS AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES AND AMOUNTS OF SMART MATERIAL
Authors:   M.Nagiyev Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry, NAS of Azerbaijan, Malikova N.N. , Ali-zade N.I. ,   M.Nagiyev Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry, of NAS of Azerbaijan, Nagiev T.M. ,   M.Nagiyev Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry, NAS of Azerbaijan
Published: June 2021

Biomimetic sensors based on semiconductor (Si), metal (Al) and smart material (TPhPFe3+OH/Al2O3) have been developed. It has been found that a biomimetic sensor, where a semiconductor (Si) is used as an electrode, exhibits high sensitivity, stability and reproducibility. The effect of temperature and the amount of smart material on the catalase activity of biomimetic sensors was studied. At the study of the Si-electrode for catalase activity, it was revealed that the amount of smart material and temperature do not affect the detection limit of hydrogen peroxide in an aqueous solution, the sensitivity threshold, which was 10-6 mass%. When detecting the catalase activity of the TPhPFe3+OH/Al2O3//Al biomimetic sensor, it was established that the sensitivity threshold was also 10-6 mass %
PHASE EQUILIBRIUM IN THE Ga2Se3–CoSe SYSTEM
Authors:   M.Nagiyev Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry, NAS of Azerbaijan, Allazova N.M. , Qurbanova T.R. ,   Baku State University, Abbasova R.F. ,   Baku State University, Allazov M.R. ,   Azerbaijan Technical University
Published: June 2021

Using differential thermal, X-ray phase, microstructural analyzes and microhardness measurements, we studied the phase equilibrium in the Ga2Se3–CoSe system in the entire concentrated region and con-structed its phase diagram. It has been established that the phase diagram refers to eutectic types with monotectics. The eutectic crystallizes at 10000C and 10 mol% CoSe. Liquid phase delamination occurs in the concentration range from 15 to 85 mol% CoSe and 10300C. There are no intermediate compounds formed in the system
3D ANALYTICAL MODELING OF CRYSTALLIZATION SURFACES OF THE MnTe–SnTe–Sb2Te3 SYSTEM
Authors:   M.Nagiyev Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry, NAS of Azerbaijan, Orujlu E.N. , Mammadov A.N. ,   M.Nagiyev Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry, of NAS of Azerbaijan; Azerbaijan Technical University, Babanly M.B. ,   M.Nagiyev Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry, NAS of Azerbaijan
Published: June 2021

An analytical method was used for 3D modeling of crystallization surfaces of the MnTe–SnTe–Sb2Te3 system based on the existing data of boundary systems and a small number of experimental DTA- measurements. All analytical dependencies temperatures on composition for liquidus of the binary and three-system were obtained using the 2D and 3D options of the OriginLab software. The obtained results allowed us to visualize the crystallization surfaces of the phases based on initial components of the MnTe–SnTe–Sb2Te3 system as a separate form and in one graph
АНАЛІЗ МОЖЛИВОСТЕЙ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ВИСТАВКОВОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ВИРОБНИЧИМИ ПІДПРИЄМСТВАМИ УКРАЇНИ ДЛЯ ПРОСУВАННЯ ПРОДУКЦІЇ НА МІЖНАРОДНИХ РИНКАХ
Authors: Кравченко Оксана , Букорос Євгенія
Published: June 2021

Стаття присвячена аналізу можливостей використання виставкової діяльності як інструменту просування продукції виробничих підприємств на міжнародному ринку. Проаналізовано доцільність участі у виставках для підприємств різного масштабу. Визначено основні тенденції розвитку виставкової індустрії у світі та Україні, її роль при виході з кризи, пов'язаною з пандемією. Надані рекомендації та пропозиції щодо вибору міжнародних виставок. Особлива увага надана аналізу існуючих міжнародних заходів, в результаті якого їх систематизовано за різними напрямками. Також у статті висвітлено основні завдання та цілі участі підприємств у виставках. Обґрунтовано, що виставкова діяльність для виробничих підприємств сприяє просуванню продукцію на нових ринках, встановленню нових контактів з діловими партнерами, слідкуванню за розвитком своїх потенційних конкурентів та загальних тенденцій у своїй галузі.
EVALUATION OF HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN ALBINO RATS EXPOSED DERMALLY TO TANNERY EFFLUENT FROM CHALLAWA INDUSTRIAL ESTATE KANO, NIGERIA.
Authors: Bichi K. A. , Yusif B. B. , Mustapha S. B. , Jibrin Y. U. , Thomas P. S.
Published: June 2021

The effects on haematological parameters of albino rats were evaluated to assess possible toxicity of tannery effluent. The study was carried out for 28 days. Forty (40) matured albino rats of both sexes were divided into four groups of 10 rats each. Group 1 is the control group, which were exposed dermally with normal water. Groups 2, 3 and 4 were exposed dermally at different concentrations of 100%, 50% and 25% of the effluent respectively. The result of the physicochemical analysis of the effluent shows that the physicochemical parameters were above the standard limit. Rats exposed to different percentages of the effluent showed significant decrease in the level of haemoglobin and packed cells volume. Red blood cell, white blood cell, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, platelet and lymphocytes do not significantly decrease or increase.
PROPERTIES OF ALUMINIUM/ELECTROLESS Ni-COATED SiC COMPOSITES - A REVIEW
Authors: Odiwo H. , Bello K. A. , Abdulwahab M. , Adebisi A. A. , Maleque M. A.
Published: June 2021

The combination of properties of Al/SiC composites make them very attractive materials for applications in automotive and aerospace industries. Several techniques are used in developing Al/SiC composites but stir casting process is most commonly used because it is the simplest and cost effective technique. However, composites produced via stir casting suffer from limitations such as low wettability and inadequate bonding between the molten Al & SiC particulates and the formation of degrading interfacial products like aluminum carbide (Al4C3) which degrades the mechanical properties of the composite. Some of the techniques to improve Al-SiC wettability include addition of surface active elements such as magnesium, heat treatment of particles and application of metallic coating on the reinforcements before addition to the melt. Wetting agents alter the composition of the matrix alloy, while heat treatment of the reinforcement does not completely prevent the formation of Al4C3 when utilized. To reduce the direct interaction and promote wetting between reinforcements and molten aluminum during processing, the surface of SiC particulates can be modified by coating via oxidation, sol-gel and electroless processes. Of all these methods, electroless nickel deposition produces the best coatings with uniform thickness and adequate strength. In the present study, influence of electroless nickel-coating of SiC on the mechanical, corrosion and microstructural properties of Al/SiC composite has been evaluated. Finally, it can be concluded that the Ni and Ni3P intermetallic phases produced via electroless coating improves the wettability between the SiC and molten aluminium leading to enhanced properties of the composite.
MONITORING OF THE ELDERLY CHOLESTEROL LEVELS OF SUMBERSONO VILLAGE, MOJOKERTO REGENCY, EAST JAVA PROVINCE, INDONESIA
Authors: Prayekti Endah , Andini Ary
Published: June 2021

Parties who become partners in community service activities are the village community of Sumbersono, Mojokerto Regency. Based on the 2017 health profile in Mojokerto District, there are 117,309 elderly people. The Mojokerto district government has a health program for the elderly, namely the Elderly Health Service (Usila). Usila is a health service according to the standards in the elderly guidelines in a health facility in one work area and time period. Examination of the elderly programmed by the Mojokerto district government has been carried out at the Puskesmas that serves the elderly, but the elderly need more routine checks to monitor cholesterol levels. Another thing that is a problem is the relatively expensive cholesterol examination so that there are limitations in the self-examination by the community. Cholesterol examination methods for community service were using POCT and interviews related to health complaints from community service participants. There were 44 community service participants, not only from the elderly but from middle age. Of the 27 elderly, 10 elderly have normal cholesterol levels while 17 elderly have high and very high of cholesterol levels. Of the 17 middle age participants, 7 of them had normal cholesterol levels and 10 people had high and very high cholesterol levels. The interviews showed that almost all participants had health complaints that resembled complaints due to high cholesterol level. It is recommended to perform other health examination and not be limited to the elderly.
MATERNAL PSYCHOLOGICAL CHANGES DURING PREGNANCY AND PREGNANCY SERVICE PROCEDURES DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN KERTOSARI VILLAGE
Authors: Hakiki Miftahul , Widiyastuti Nurul Eko
Published: June 2021

In general, a mother who is experiencing pregnancy for the first time will feel happy and will be more curious about self-change and fetal development. However, at the same time, pregnant women also feel anxious. Research conducted in Naples, Italy, March 15-April 1, 2020, shows that the Covid-19 pandemic has a severe psychological impact on 53% of pregnant women. During pregnancy, women may experience stress and anxiety, this can cause detrimental effects such as fetal death or fetal abnormalities. Antenatal Care is a pregnancy check that aims to improve the physical and mental health of pregnant women optimally so that they are able to face childbirth, childbirth, preparation for exclusive breastfeeding, and the return to reproductive health properly. The solution to this community service is to provide counselling about psychological changes in pregnant women and how to get pregnancy services during the Covid-19 pandemic, which in fact has changed a lot compared to before the Covid-10 pandemic, so it is hoped that it can reduce the anxiety faced by mothers during this period. pregnancy and still want to carry out pregnancy checks at a health worker or midwife accompanied by a health cadre, during which during the Covid-19 pandemic, pregnant women continue to carry out their pregnancy checks according to the minimum standard, which is 4 times during pregnancy. The implementation of this counselling activity is carried out for pregnant women and health cadres in Kertosari Village in a gradual period of time and does not leave the health protocol determined by the Government. The results obtained are the enthusiasm of pregnant women and health cadres who will accompany them during the process of pregnancy examinations.
Comparative Analysis of Fungal Diversity and Community Structure of Different Volcanic Soils in Wudalianchi, China
Authors: Yang Fan , Mu Liqiang , Huang Qingyang , Xie Lihong , Cao Hongjie , Yang Libin , Ni Hongwei
Published: June 2021

The relationship between the fungal community characteristics and soil environmental factors of volcanic ecosystem in Wudalianchi, China were investigated. The soil fungal community structure and diversity of new, old, and non-erupting volcanos were explored through highthroughput sequencing technology. The result showed that the physical and chemical properties of three plots were significantly different. Through sequencing 578 species, 366 genera, 202 families, 89 orders, 32 classes, and 11 phyla were detected. Among them Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were the dominant fungi phyla. The relative abundance of various flora determined by phylum classification showed significant differences. The Shannon, Simpson, Ace, and Chao1 indices for the soil fungi in the three plots were also significantly different. Redundancy and correlation analyses showed that the α diversity of fungi was significantly correlated with pH, organic matter and total nitrogen in the soil. These results indicate that soil environmental factors influence the fungal diversity in the different volcanic ecosystems in Wudalianchi, China.

Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(2): 327-334, 2021 (June)
Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Varieties Against Drought Stress
Authors: Kuru Ibrahim Selçuk , Işikalan ÇIğdem , Akbaş Filiz
Published: June 2021

Physiological and biochemical responses of six different rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties cultivated in Turkey and two local varieties, namely Karacadağ and Hazro to the drought were investigated. After 12 days of drought treatment, the highest and lowest OP values were observed in Osmancık-97 (-1.14 MPa) and Karacadağ (-1.55 MPa) varieties, respectively. In the same treatment, it was observed that the amount of proline increased 19.9-fold in Karacadağ and 3.6-fold in Osmancık-97. When the data obtained from all parameters were correlated with drought stress tolerance, Osmancık-97 and Beşer varieties were considered to be tolerant, while Gönen and Karacadağ varieties are considered to be more sensitive.

Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(2): 335-342, 2021 (June)
Role of Forest Tree Species in the Carbon Storage of the Kaptai National Park, Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Mohammed Mukhlesur , Rahman Syed Hafizur , Amin Mohammed Al
Published: June 2021

The study was conducted to estimate the biomass and carbon stock in the dominant tree species of the Kaptai National Park of Bangladesh. A total of 77 tracks and 308 plots were selected and all trees in each plot were measured to estimate the biomass following allometric equations. There were planted stand of Acacia auriculiformis, Dipterocarpus turbinatus, Gmelina arborea, Lagerstroemia speciosa, Swietenia macrophylla and Tectona grandis. Biomass and carbon stocks of these corresponding tree species were 35.03, 73.86, 23.52, 30.16, 44.49, and 42.67 mg/ha. The highest carbon stock per tree was in D. turbinatus (372.19 kg C/tree), followed by S. macrophylla (226.49 kg C/tree), T. grandis (215.06 kg C/tree), A. auriculiformis (176.56 kg C/tree), L. speciosa (151.19 kg C/tree) and G. arborea (118.54 kg C/tree), respectively. The findings of the study will be helpful for the estimation of carbon stocks in the forests of Bangladesh.

Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(2): 365-371, 2021 (June)
Exclusive Breast feeding in the 21st Century: a Roadmap to success in South Asia
Authors: Afroze Sharmin , Biswas Agnihotri , Begum Nargis Ara , Mei Ng Yvonne Peng
Published: June 2021

Background: Exclusive breast feeding is a simple, cost-effective and life-saving intervention for the health of an infant. Despite its undisputable benefits, in past two decades, exclusive breast feeding rates have not improved much globally. Among the South Asian countries, some are raising the bars and some are still struggling to meet the target for reaching sustainable development goal. So this review was planned to understand their situation and how to improve further for establishment of successful exclusive breast feeding.

Main Body: On simple review of different literatures on exclusive breast feeding in South Asia, it was observed that the rate widely varies among the countries due to cultural and societal differences, women empowerment, illiteracy, maternal care practices, policy and program implementation and many other modifiable factors. Given the compelling evidence on the positive impacts of breast feeding, some integrated approaches are required involving policy makers, ensuring community participation and family centered counseling, providing health education for mothers and establishment of the Baby Friendly Hospital Initiatives.

Conclusion: Experiences from successful neighboring countries can guide the other countries of South Asia to plan their roadmap. Moreover, further dissemination and scaling up of existing programs on exclusive breast feeding can help to achieve the desired target for Sustainable Development Goal.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.725-731
Hajj Pilgrimage amidst covid-19 pandemic: a review
Authors: Goni Mohammed Dauda , Hasan Habsah , Deris Zakuan Zainy , Arifin Wan Nor , Baaba Aisha Abubakar
Published: June 2021

Hajj pilgrimage is a nobligation for every Muslim that must be carried out at least once in their lifetime. Every year, more than 3 million pilgrims from over 180 countries travel to worship within a confined area of twelve kilometres in Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The host country and participating countries need to institute effective measures for a safer and healthier Hajj pilgrimage. In the immediate Hajj season during the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of pilgrims need to be reduced to the optimum number that can be managed individual countries’ Hajj missions. Beside proof COVID-19 clearance before travelling and completed Covid-19 vaccination, the stay in KSA should be shortened for Hajj ritual only. The participating countries responsible to thoroughly select individuals with low risk of severe infections, provide health education program, offer all compulsory and recommended vaccines and allocate adequate healthcare/isolation centres in KSA. The participating countries are also liable to prepare adequate quarantine places for hajj pilgrims when returning home. Individual pilgrims are responsible to prevent respiratory pathogens from spreading. Prior to departure for Hajj, they need to undergo a thorough medical examination, received all compulsory and recommended vaccines and follow health education program. During Hajj, they need to follow instructions by Hajj authorities, practicing proper hygiene, wearing a face mask and avoid crowded places. They also need to report to countries’ Hajj mission healthcare if having any fever or respiratory syndromes. With adequate measures prior, during and post-Hajj, we hope health security risk during the next Hajj seasons will be minimized.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.732-740
CD40L-CD40 interaction avidity as coronary artery disease predictive factor
Authors: Rosita Linda , Marfianti Erlina , Devita Ninda , Arjana Adika Zhulhi
Published: June 2021

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) can occur due to atherosclerosis in coronary arteries. Platelet agreement plays an important role in the pathophysiology of CAD. CD40L is a surface antigen on activated platelets. CD40L will bind to CD40 which is expressed by macrophages and endothelials then this activation results in reduced thickness and stability of atherosclerotic plaque and then thrombus appears. Thrombus ultimately inhibits blood flow to the coronary arteries. Proper measurement of these activities can describe the occurrence of CADs driven by platelets.

Objectives: Measuring the avidity of CD40L-CD40 interactions so that the relationship between CD40L activity and CAD events can be seen.

Materials and Methods: This research is non-experimental in nature and uses Case control designs. The subjects of the study were CAD patients at RSUD Dr. Soedirman Kebumen. Patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were then examined and healthy patients were matched and CAD patients matched. The subject’s blood is then drawn and sent to Clinical Pathology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Blood samples were then examined using flow cytometry to determine CD40L levels. The results obtained were then analyzed by logistic regression test with Medcalc software.

Results and discussion: Twenty-six subjects participated in this study, with 13 subjects were CAD patients and 13 healthy control subjects.The percentage of platelets expressing CD62P+ CD40L+ in the CAD group was higher than in the control group (p = 0.0015). Statistical analysis with T test showed that there were significant differences in CD40-expressing platelets between the CAD group and the control group (p = 0.0029).The study conclude that the avidity of CD40L-CD40 interactions as indicated by CD40 expression is related to CAD events. CD40 expression was higher in subjects with CAD compared to controls.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.796-800
Effects of visual impairment on sensory integration and new opportunitiesfor inclusive education
Authors: Belyaeva Ekaterina , Kartashova Oxana , Sokolaeva Nadezhda , Snezhko Zoya , Spichak Valentina
Published: June 2021

Objective: Inclusive education aims to offer comprehensive collaborative education to healthy and disabled children. The purpose of the study is to perform a comparative analysis of the learning results in healthy and disabled children from different groups with those who study remotely, and a similar analysis between students of higher education institutions.

Methods: The study was conducted in 2018–19 in Moscow, Russia, involving 150 students with disabilities and 397 healthy students. Consideration was given to academic performance, psychophysical development and speech development.

Results and Discussion: Among students with healthcare nosologies, students with vision impairments are considered the most promising. The number of underachievers is 4.9 times lower than their peers (p 0.001).The greatest success in e-learning was among students with health nosologies relative to a similar group of children.

Conclusions: The number of outstanding students in the group with visual impairments exceeds those in the control group by 1.5 times (p≤0.05). Of the students with health nosologies, the most promising group is visually impaired students. High academic performance of students with visual impairments and disordered motor activity provides them with the opportunity to practice comprehensive education at universities, including inclusive education, which corresponds to current worldwide trends.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.801-808
Onion and garlic induction of severe allergic reactions: sparse reporting cases
Authors: Gul Somia , Hussain Saba Javed
Published: June 2021

Background: Allergic conditions strides by food sensitization and has lousy impact on the immune system of individuals and has also provokes IgE antibody that spearhead the activation of inflammatory mechanism. The aim of this current research is to evaluate the effect and the preponderance rate of symptoms appearance in garlic and onion allergies.

Methodology: The cross sectional study was conducted among general population (N=200) of Karachi from January 2017 to October 2017.

Result: Through current study it is revealed that only 50 out of 200 personals showed significant results. Diverse type of symptoms used to appearance in individuals suffering with onion and garlic allergies and it is importantly notifying that some genetic correlation is supposed to exists in these individuals for transmit of these allergies.

Conclusion: Onion and garlic both are esoteric allergies, these allergies rate are increasing in our population and patients suffered from very annoying symptoms including some fatal conditions also. Genetic relation is another link of developing these allergies. Limited data has been reported yet but it should be further investigated to evaluate multiple other factors contributing to these allergies.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.871-877
Aggressive Recurrent Urachal Adenocarcinoma : A Case Report And Review Of The Literature
Authors: Abidin Zainal Adwin Zainal , Sultan Mohamed Arif Hameed , Hayati Firdaus , Zainuddin Zulkifli
Published: June 2021

Recurrent urachal adenocarcinomas are rare. It is commonly associated with poor prognosis. A 51-year-old woman underwent a partial cystectomy for urachal cancer in 2014. She was well throughout follow-up with annual cystoscopies. She presented with a 1-month history of rapidly progressive suprapubic mass and hematuria. A contrasted computed tomography scan of the thorax, abdomen and pelvis showed a large mixed solid cystic tumour at the right lumbar region, suprapubic area and also at the pouch of Douglas. She refused surgical extirpation and now on chemotherapy. Urachal adenocarcinoma is rare, and resection is commonly advocated; usually, no standard adjuvant therapy is advocated. Recurrent cancers represent a management dilemma, and no standard follow-up protocols exist.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.911-913
Orthodontic management of compromised first permanent molars with bilateral posterior crossbite, severe crowding and impacted maxillary canines.
Authors: Alswairki Haytham Jamil , Alam Mohammad Khursheed
Published: June 2021

Background: A unique clinical challenge presents when dealing with a compromised first permanent molars with bilateral posterior crossbite, severe crowding and impacted maxillary canines with skeletal class II base malocclusion patient.

Case presentation: 14-year-old female patient had dental Class II skeletally, complicated with increase overjet, badly destructed permanent mandibular 1st molars constricted maxillary arch. Extraction of 1st molars followed by expansion have been planned to relieve crowding. Extraction of 1st molars in this time (furcation of 3rd molars start to develop) help in replacement by 2nd molars. In the progression of treatment,

Conclusion: A well-balanced and esthetic occlusion by edge wise orthodontic treatment has been archived in this case.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.926-929
Treatment Modality of Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis with Surgery Alone or in Combination with Steroid
Authors: Shabnam Nilufar , Choudhury Md Iqbal Mahmud , Ahsan Tazin
Published: June 2021

Background: Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis (IGM) is a rare chronic inflammatory disease. Diagnosis and treatment is still a challenge because of obscure etiology and rareness. Owing to wide spectrum of IGM it is difficult to standardize and optimize the treatment. The aim of our study was to evaluate the outcome of surgical excision or in combination with steroid in treating IGM.

Methodology: A randomized controlled clinical trial was done in BIRDEM (Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation of Diabetic, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorder) Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July’2008 to June’2018. Overall 82 patients met the inclusion criteria. We analyzed therapeutic modalities and compared the patients’ outcomes based on treatment.

Results: All patients underwent wide excision with clear margin under general anesthesia. Post operatively steroid was given in 41 patients. Duration of steroid therapy was 6 months after surgery. We have seen that recovery time was short in steroid group (Gr-II) average 167.07 days in compared without steroid (Gr l) average 253.28 days. Patients who underwent surgery only (GR-I) about 49.90% patients experienced recurrence (e.g. fistula formation and inflammatory mass etc.) On the other hand, 12.1% patients developed recurrences that were treated with steroid following surgery (Gr-II).

Conclusion: Surgery with steroid is more effective in treatment of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis than surgery alone.

Bioresearch Commu. 7(1): 924-926, 2021 (January)
Polyphenols profile and antioxidant capacity of selected medicinal plants of Bangladesh
Authors: Shaheen Nazma , Tukun Avonti Basak , Islam Saiful , Akhter Kazi Turjaun , Hossen Md Sujan , Longvah Thingnganing
Published: June 2021

Polyphenols in many plant foods have received a great deal of attention due to their biological potency and postulated protective role against certain non-communicable diseases like cancer, neurodegenerative disease, and cardiovascular disease. The current study focuses on 15 indigenous plants which are traditionally being used for medicinal and other purposes in Bangladesh. Specifically, this study aimed to determine the total phenolic content (TPC), profile the polyphenolic composition, and assess the antioxidant capacity (AC) of water and methanol extracts derived from these plants. The TPC was estimated using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, and DPPH inhibition was used to assess the AC. HPLC-centered simultaneous determination method of polyphenols was employed to identify and quantify individual polyphenolic compounds. TPC content (expressed as mg GAE/100 g FW) ranged from 15.5 (Zanthoxylum rhetsa) to 276.9 (Moringa oleifera). The lowest IC50 in the water and methanol extracts were shown by Moringa oleifera and Zanthoxylum rhetsa respectively and they also exhibited high free radical scavenging activity in the corresponding solvents (91.9% and 92.9% DPPH inhibition by Moringa oleifera and Zanthoxylum rhetsa respectively). The lowest DPPH inhibition was observed in Alternanthera philoxeroides (29.8%) and Spilanthes calva (24.5%) in the water and methanol extracts respectively. Ten polyphenols (coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, apigenin, apigenin-7-O-neohesperidoside, quercetin-3-β-D-glucoside, luteolin, quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, isorhamnetin and kaempferol) were initially identified and subsequently quantified in the plant extracts. Spilanthes calva, Moringa oleifera, Oxalis corniculata, and Piper retrofractum contained the highest amount of coumaric acid and chlorogenic acid, apigenin, caffeic acid and apigenin-7-O-neohesperidoside respectively. Senna tora had the greatest amount of kaempferol, quercetin-3-β-D-glucoside, and isorhamnetin whereas luteolin and quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside were observed to be the maximum in Alternanthera sessilis. To conclude, Moringa oleifera and Senna tora with high percentage of DPPH inhibition and low IC50 were the most potent antioxidant sources among the analyzed samples.

Bioresearch Commu. 7(1): 947-954, 2021 (January)
Detection of virulence genes of APEC (avian pathogenic Escherichia coli) isolated from poultry in Noakhali, Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Farzana Ehetasum , Islam Saiful , Islam Md Aminul , Islam Shariful , Ahmed Firoz
Published: June 2021

Avian colibacillosis, caused by avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC), is one of the major infectious diseases of poultry that bring about great economic loss for the Bangladesh poultry industry. The present study aimed to determine the virulence genes of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) from cases of colibacillosis in poultry at the Noakhali district of Bangladesh. Currently, virulence-associated gene profiles of APEC isolates were investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A total of 24 (twenty-four) Escherichia coli isolates were collected and presumptively identified from 8 (eight) colibacillosis cases from 4 commercial broiler poultry farms (2 broilers per farm) in Noakhali, Bangladesh. The pathogenesis of Escherichia coli involves a wide range of different virulence genes. At this point, four virulence genes, iutA, hlyF, iroN, and iss were detected by PCR analysis. It has been observed that iutA, iss, hlyF, and iroN genes were found in 7(29.16%), 20(83.33%), 22(91.66%), and 24(100%) APEC isolates respectively. Furthermore, out of the twenty-four APEC isolates, six (25%) isolates had four virulence genes, fourteen (58.33%) isolates carried at least three virulence genes, three (12.5%) isolates carried two genes and one (4.16%) isolates had one virulence gene. Most importantly. six types of virulence gene profiles existed within the APEC isolates from which profile number 3 (hlyF, iroN, iss) having 13 (54.16%) isolates were predominant. The occurrence of APEC isolates of this region which is responsible for avian colibacillosis cases can be a matter of concern from the public health point of view. Future investigations will be able to utilize these virulence genes to identify APEC in Bangladesh helping in the diagnosis and prevention of colibacillosis in poultry.

Bioresearch Commu. 7(1): 967-972, 2021 (January)
Extraction and Proximate Study of Sansevieria Trifasciata L. As Fibre Source for Textile and Other Uses
Authors: Abdullah ABM , Abony Maruf , Islam MT , Hasan MS , Oyon MAK , Rahman Md Bokhtiar
Published: June 2021

Natural fibres are getting importance for their sustainable development in their uses in mitigation of climate change and ecological balance. A fibre extraction retting method is formulated and proximate chemical composition and various physical properties such as tensile strength, elongation, diameter along with fibre, cellulose, lignin and ash content were determined. This preliminary observation indicates its potential to be used as a source of fibre for textile and non-textile uses such as woven, nonwoven, composite, blanded and a good source of α-cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, nano-cellulose and lignin-based products.

Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 46(2): 155-162, December 2020
Accessibility Analysis of Cyclone Shelters - A Case Study for Atulia Union, Satkhira, Bangladesh
Authors: Hayat Tanzim , Kamal ASM Maksud , Hossain Md Shakhawat , Zaman Saiyeba , Hossain BM Rabby , Chakraborty Tapas Ranjan
Published: June 2021

Cyclone shelters are considered as a solution to reduce cyclone risk in coastal districts of Bangladesh. The location of a shelter plays a crucial part in a potential user’s decisionmaking process. If the perception is that the shelter is too far away, the user may decide not to use it. On the other hand, it would not be financially feasible to construct shelters near every settlement cluster. Therefore, network analysis using GIS has been applied to reveal the optimal location. Apart from distance, there are some other factors (like space, presence of gender segregated rooms and toilets, ramped access way, availability of drinking water, etc.), which affect a user’s affinity to evacuate to a specific shelter. All the shelters in Atulia Union from Satkhira District of Bangladesh were visited to identify these characteristics. Finally, an index was developed to determine the preference of each shelter to its potential users. It was found that there is inadequate number of shelters in the study area and two new shelter locations were recommended.

Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 46(2): 163-178, December 2020
Breeding biology of common kingfisher (Alcedo atthis, Linnaeus 1758)
Authors: Naher Habibon , Sarker Noor Jahan , Khan Shawkat Imam
Published: June 2021

The breeding biology of the common kingfisher (Alcedo atthis) was studied from 2008 to 2011 in Dhaka North City Corporation and Savar Upazilla. The breeding season was April to September. It laid 3 to 7 glossy white, almost round eggs with a size of 2.5±0.3 cm length, 2.2±0.3 cm breadth, and 5.3±0.7g weight. It incubated for 16 to 21 days. During hatching, the hatchlings’ weight ranged from 8.5 to 10.5 g and total body length from 43.2 to 58.6 mm whereas, it was 30.1 to 32.7 g and 151 to 155.5 mm, respectively, during fledging. Hatching success was 83.3%. Stolen by people (13.9%) and infertility (2.8%) were the causes of egg loss. The young birds fledged out after 21 to 27 days of hatching. A total of 56.7% of nestlings were unable to fly due to stolen (43.3%), deaths due to unknown reasons (6.7%) and deaths due to natural disaster (6.7%). The breeding success was 36.1% in relation to eggs laid and 43.3% in relation to eggs hatched.

J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 47(1): 23-34, June 2021
City dwellers' perception of environmental hazards and risks in Dhaka city
Authors: Baser Shahadat , Rahman M Maksudur
Published: June 2021

This paper examines the social perceptions against the existing overall environmental hazards and pollutions of different residential areas of Dhaka Metropolitan area. The empirical data have been collected through a semi-structured questionnaire from 180 households. The findings reveal that more than 60% of people in residential areas are at high risk for environmental hazards due to the vast population density and unplanned high-rise buildings. Furthermore, on average, more than 53% of respondents have uttered various pollutions emphatically air, dust and noise pollution which are now common environmental phenomena of residential areas for unruly behaviors of dwellers and mismanagement of respective authorities. Moreover, the lack of open space is a burning question for the city dwellers, which causes a ventilation crisis through accelerating indoor pollution claimed by 95% of slum dwellers. After all, slum dwellers are more deprived of overall urban facilities, and abiding in unhygienic conditions made them more prone to fire hazards and severe health disorders. So, the study suggests that policymakers and city corporation authorities should be more concerned and taken proper initiatives to eradicate multifaceted issues to fabricate a sustainable environment for city dwellers.

J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 47(1): 47-65, June 2021
Glycated Hemoglobin and short-term Prognosis in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome with Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Faruq Fysal , Ahsan Syed Ali , Mahmood Manzoor , Mandal MRM , Siddiki Kamruzzaman , Mostofa ABM Golam , Islam Md Azharul , Akand AKM Imtiaz , Saha Sujoy Kumar , Parvin Tanjima
Published: June 2021

Background: Data on the association between glycemic control after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and clinical outcomes are limited and controversial in diabetic patients. Objective:The aim of the study was to assess the impact of good glycaemic control on three months clinical outcomes in diabetic acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients undergoing PCI, from a Bangladesh health service perspective. Materials and methods:This prospective cohort study which was conducted in UCC, BSMMU included 346 consecutive diabetic ACS patients who underwent PCI at department of cardiology, BSMMU. Diabetic patients were categorized into two groups based on their 3 months HbA1c levels: 169 (48.84%) diabetics with good glycaemic control (HbA1c < 7%) and 177 (51.16%) diabetics with poor glycaemic control (HbA1c ≥7%).The outcome was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), defined as cardiac death, myocardial infarction (MI), definite stent thrombosis, target vessel revascularization and stroke. Results: At 3 months follow up, patients with poor glycaemic control had a significantly higher incidence of MI (6.2% vs 1.2%; p=0.021). No other adverse events were found significantly different between the groups at 3 months of PCI. Conclusion:Good glycaemic control to obtain HbA1c level <7% in diabetic ACS patients undergoing coronary artery stenting may be beneficial in reducing the risk of MACEs and improvement of clinical outcome after PCI during 3 months follow up.

University Heart Journal Vol. 17, No. 2, Jul 2021; 108-113
Correlation of Serum Vitamin-D Level with Coronary Angiographic Severity In Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Siddiki Kamruzzaman , Hoque Md Harisul , Rahman Md Mukhlesur , Khaled Md Fakhrul Islam , Faruq Fysal , Alam Md Mashiul , Kabir Md Ahsanul , Islam Sayed Nazmul , Islam Md Azharul , Zaman SM Mustafa
Published: June 2021

Background: Acute Coronary Syndrome includes to a group of conditions compatible with acute myocardial ischemia and/or infarction that are usually due to an abrupt reduction in coronary blood flow. In the last decade vitamin-D deficiency as a predisposing factor for coronary artery disease is in growing interest. Prospective studies give conflicting results regarding correlation of serum vitamin D level with coronary angiographic severity in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Objective: To study the correlation between serum vitamin-D level with coronary angiographic severity in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Methodology: This cross sectional observational study was done between November 2018 and October 2019. Total 71 patients with diagnosis of first incident of acute coronary syndrome in department of cardiology, BSMMU who were underwent coronary angiogram included in this study considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Vitamin D was measured by chemiluminescent immunoassay after collection of venous blood at Department of Biochemistry, BSMMU. Angiographic severity was assessed by using Gensini score. Statistical analyses were carried out by using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23.0 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois, USA). Results: The mean age was found 55.9±10.7 years with a range from 36 to 82 years. Majority (83.1%) patients were male. The male-female ratio was 4.9:1. Thirty (42.3%) of the patients had STEMI, 28(39.4%) had NSTEMI and 13(18.3%) had unstable angina. Negative correlation (r=-0.479; p=0.001) was found between serum vitamin D level and Gensini score in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Conclusion: In this study found that serum vitamin-D level is inversely correlated with angiographic severity in patients with acute coronary syndrome.

University Heart Journal Vol. 17, No. 2, Jul 2021; 103-107