bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Energy-optimizing machine learning-driven smart traffic control system for urban mobility and the implications for insurance and risk management
Authors: Chinedu Chizoba P. , Chukwudum Queensley C. , Chinedu Eberechukwu Q.
Published: February 2025

Heavy traffic during peak hours, such as early mornings and late evenings, is a significant cause of delays for commuters. To address this issue, the prototype of a dual smart traffic light control system is constructed, capable of dynamically adjusting traffic signal duration based on real-time vehicle density at intersections, as well as the brightness of the streetlights. The system uses a pre-trained Haar Cascade machine learning classifier model to detect and count vehicles through a live video feed. Detected cars are highlighted with red squares, and their count is extracted. The vehicle data is then transmitted to an Arduino microcontroller via serial communication, facilitated by the pySerial library. The Arduino processes this information and adjusts the timing of the traffic lights accordingly, optimizing traffic flow based on current road conditions. A novel approach involves optimizing energy usage through real-time data integration with the power grid. Street lighting is then dynamically adjusted at night times—brightening during high-traffic periods and dimming during low-traffic times. The brightness levels are set at 30%, 50%, 75%, and 100% based on the number of cars detected, with above 50% indicating the presence of cars. This adaptive control enhances energy efficiency by reducing energy consumption while maintaining road safety. The simulated and experimental results are provided. The former demonstrated a lower accuracy compared to the latter, particularly during the transition to the green light, across all traffic density levels. Additionally, the simulation was only capable of representing discrete lamp brightness levels of 0%, 50%, and 100%, in contrast to the experimental results, which showed a clear differentiation between 50%, 75%, and 100% brightness levels. Details of the model limitations are outlined with proposed solutions. The implications of the optimized system for auto insurance, liability coverage, and risk management are explored. These are areas that are rarely addressed in current research.
Digitalization’s role in energy demand and renewable energy integration: Evidence from BRICS + countries
Authors: Gursoy Samet
Published: February 2025

This research examines the effect of digitalization on energy consumption and the integration of renewable energy in the energy mix in BRICHS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, and Saudi Arabia) from 2015 to 2023. Panel regression models, including the fixed effects model and the random effects model, were employed to analyze within-country and between country variations. The Hausman test confirmed the appropriateness of the fixed effects model for country-specific analysis. Cointegration tests, such as the Pedroni Panel Cointegration Test and the Kao Residual Cointegration Test, were used to evaluate long-term equilibrium relationships, while Granger causality tests were conducted to identify directional relationships. Robustness checks included the Breusch-Pagan test for heteroskedasticity and the Durbin Watson test for serial correlation, ensuring the reliability of the findings. The findings reveal that digitalization contributes to intensive energy consumption, particularly in fossil fuel-rich countries like Russia and Saudi Arabia. However, countries such as Brazil and China interpret this situation differently due to their significant levels of installed renewable energy capacity, which partially offsets the impact of digitalization on energy demand. Furthermore, the increasing use of mobile data has replaced mobile broadband infrastructure in India, a rapidly digitizing economy, mitigating the energy-intensive nature of broadband systems. Thus, this study highlights the need for a balanced view of digitalization, such that technology fosters a sustainable energy transition rather than undermines it. The integration of digitalization with sustainable energy policies offers a greater chance of realizing benefits, minimizing environmental impacts, and achieving a seamless energy transition. This duality presents a significant challenge for policymakers in balancing energy transitions and underscores the need for strategies that maximize the benefits of digitalization while minimizing its adverse effects on energy consumption.
Design and implementation of a cleaning robot
Authors: Chen Yung-Hsiang , Pan Sheng-Yan
Published: February 2025

This study focuses on the development of a cleaning robot, covering the three main aspects of mechanical design, circuit design, and software design. First, in the area of mechanical design, we created a structure capable of agile movement and efficient cleaning to ensure the robot can operate smoothly in various environments. Second, for circuit design, we developed a microcontroller-based control system to coordinate the operation of various components, including drive motors, sensors, and image recognition modules. Furthermore, in the software design aspect, we utilized YOLO (You Only Look Once) and OpenCV technologies to enable the robot to accurately identify and classify waste during the automatic cleaning process. Finally, we conducted practical cleaning experiments to verify the robot’s ability to recognize waste and the accuracy of waste classification. The experimental results show that the cleaning robot not only possesses the ability to recognize waste but also accurately classify it, demonstrating its potential for practical applications.
Modeling penetration depth in submerged arc welding using artificial neural networks: A comprehensive approach
Authors: Rahmati Farhad , Shafipour Ali , Aghakhani Masood , Kolahan Farhad
Published: February 2025

Penetration depth, defined as the distance from the surface of the base material to the deepest point of the molten zone, is a critical factor influencing the strength and mechanical properties of welds. This study investigates the effects of process parameters in submerged arc welding (SAW) on penetration depth, utilizing a two-hidden-layer artificial neural network (ANN) for modeling. The input parameters include arc voltage, welding current, electrode stick-out, welding speed, and the thickness of a manganese-enriched nanoparticle layer, with penetration depth as the output variable. The results demonstrate that increasing the welding current to 700 amps enhances heat transfer to the molten pool, thereby improving base material melting and penetration depth. Similarly, raising the arc voltage from 24 to 32 volts results in a moderate increase in penetration depth due to higher heat input while maintaining a relatively stable electrode melting rate. These findings highlight the potential of optimizing SAW parameters to achieve consistent weld quality and desirable mechanical properties.
Male hegemony in video games: Effects on female representation, psycholoy, and resistance
Authors: Fu Jiayuan
Published: February 2025

This paper explores the issue of male dominance in the video game industry and gaming community. Female game characters in video games are often over-sexualized to suit male preferences due to mainstream social consciousness. This practice not only disregards the needs and experiences of female gamers, but also reinforces gender stereotypes and hurts gender equality. This kind of disrespect and harm to women further spreads to real social life, which is not conducive to women’s physical and mental health. The paper analyses how male hegemony is manifested through the marginalization of women, the distortion of women’s representation, and the objectification of women as objects of male desire from the perspective of social psychology. In addition, the paper explores how gaming mechanics control women in games and real life and further exacerbate this problem by creating ‘second selves’ that perpetuate gender norms. The paper argues for the need to challenge this male dominance and discusses how women can actively resist this dominance in society and the gaming community. Finally, the paper calls for a more inclusive and gender-equitable gaming culture to improve the gaming experience for all players, as well as to promote respect for women in society.
A technological approach for producing liqueur red wine
Authors:   University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timisoara, Faculty of Food Engineering, Aradului Street no. 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania, Poiana Mariana-Atena , Manea Gianina-Malina ,   University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timisoara, Faculty of Food Engineering, Aradului Street no. 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania, Stoin Daniela ,   University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timisoara, Faculty of Food Engineering, Aradului Street no. 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania, Radu Florina ,   University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timisoara, Faculty of Food Engineering, Aradului Street no. 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania, Dumbrava Delia-Gabriela ,   University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timisoara, Faculty of Food Engineering, Aradului Street no. 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania, Moldovan Camelia ,   University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timisoara, Faculty of Food Engineering, Aradului Street no. 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania, Moigradean Diana ,   University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timisoara, Faculty of Food Engineering, Aradului Street no. 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
Published: February 2025

Abstract Liqueur wine or fortified wine is defined as a special wine with a total alcoholic strength of not less than 15% alcohol by volume (ABV) or more than 22% ABV. and a residual sugar content between 50 and 120 g/L. These wines are produced in a wide range of styles with varying sugar content, from extra dry to sweet. This study presents practical aspects for obtaining a liqueur red wine from Merlot grapes by stopping the alcoholic fermentation due to the addition of food ethanol. Thus, Merlot red wine, partially fermented, with an alcoholic degree of 13.5% ABV, total acidity 2.5 g/L H2SO4 and residual sugar 27 g/L was stopped alcoholic fermentation by the addition of ethanol. Next, sugar was added and a liqueur wine was obtained with 22% ABV, total dry extract of 81 g/L, reducing sugar content of 55 g/L and total acidity of 3.0 g/L H2SO4. The wine fortification by food-grade ethanol addition, was performed under careful monitoring of residual sugar to assess the amount of sugar that needs to be added to supplement the existing one. This process significantly changes the quality profile of the wine, ensuring stability and longevity by preventing oxidation. The fortification allows the expansion of the styles of liqueur wines obtained from local basic wines in order to adapt to the demands of the contemporary consumer
Sensory and physicochemical characterization of bread with turmeric and nettle, linseed and chia
Authors:   Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Life Sciences ”King Mihai I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului 119A, 300645, Romania, Cârlea Iulia , Untan Ana-Maria Daiana ,   Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Life Sciences ”King Mihai I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului 119A, 300645, Romania, Mocan Alexandra ,   Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Life Sciences ”King Mihai I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului 119A, 300645, Romania, Megyesi Corina Iuliana ,   Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Life Sciences ”King Mihai I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului 119A, 300645, Romania, Rădulescu Laura ,   Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Life Sciences ”King Mihai I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului 119A, 300645, Romania
Published: February 2025

The aim of the paper is to create an authentic product - bread nutritionally enriched with turmeric (curcuma) and nettle, linseed and chia and to characterize it from a sensory and physicochemical point of view. The integration of ingredients such as turmeric, nettle, flax seeds and chia into traditional bread recipes bring significant benefits, with an important role in increasing the final nutritional value of the bread. Without the addition of preservatives or other chemical additives, the "bread with turmeric and nettle, linseed and chia" was obtained bread with health benefits, because nettle is rich in essential vitamins and minerals, such as iron and calcium, the seeds flaxseeds are an excellent source of omega-3 fatty acids and fiber, chia seeds contain considerable fiber, protein and antioxidants, and turmeric is known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and helps strengthen the immune system. The sensory quality of the bread samples was evaluated 24 hours after manufacture. The external appearance, the appearance in the section, the consistency, the color, the smell and the taste of the bread were evaluated sensory, it being highly appreciated from the point of view of taste, color and consistency. Regarding the physico-chemical analyzes carried out (moisture, acidity, porosity, salt content) as conclusive data we can appreciate that all the values obtained for the analyzed bread samples fall within the standard values.
Biochemical Diversity of Salvia (Lamiaceae) Species
Authors:   Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria, P.O. Box 6091, Damascus, Syria, Saleh Basel
Published: February 2025

Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is one of few analytical methods used successfully in many laboratories worldwide, for huge applications in research and industrial purposes. Chemical composition of 10 Salvia species including S. judaica Boiss (S1), S. viridis var. horminum L. (S2), S. officinalis L. (S3), S. palaestina Bentham (S4), S. syriaca L. (S5), S. pinardi Boiss (S6), S. lanigera Poiret (S7), S. ceratophylla L. (S8), S. dominica L. (S9) and S. spinosa L. (S10) was analyzed using FTIR spectroscopy. FTIR spectra analysis revealed 10, 11, 12, 11, 10, 9, 12, 8, 8 and 12 observed peaks for S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9 and S10 Salvia species, respectively. Overall, FTIR observed peaks belonged to 9 functional groups [(Aromatics, Ethers, Carboxylic acids, Alcohol and hydroxyl, Alkanes, Olefinic (alkene), Common inorganic ions, Ammonium and immonium and Amine and amino compounds)]. These functional groups are known for their biological activity. Performance Salvia analytical analysis to determine the different bioactive components existent in each observed functional groups is required.
The effects of fortification with a commercial mixture of vitamins and minerals on bread characteristics
Authors:   Grewe SA, Veștem, Sibiu, RO, Cirican Carmen-Alexandra , Ognean Felicia ,   Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Food Engineering and Environmental Protection, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Sibiu, RO, Ognean Mihai ,   Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Food Engineering and Environmental Protection, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Sibiu, RO
Published: February 2025

Modern milling removes the vitamins and minerals from refined flours, but the technological characteristics and sensory appearance is improved. Because of that the white bread becomes the favourite choice of consumers but brings little nutrients to them. Bread could be used as a vector for delivery of several nutrient to the population. The micronutrients included to bread formulation could influence the technological properties of dough and the final characteristics of bread. Ascorbic acid is a vitamin and is used in food formulation for vitamin fortification and also as additive, working as an antioxidant. In breadmaking ascorbic acid is working as an active and efficient oxidant. Different minerals could influence the dough rheology, depending on their form and concentration. The aim of this work is to find what is the impact of a commercial product for food fortification on the dough rheology and the characteristics of the final product.
Characterization of different assortments of distilled alcoholic beverages from Banat region (Romania)
Authors:   Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timisoara, Aradului Street no. 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania, Bujancă Gabriel , Jianu Călin ,   Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timisoara, Aradului Street no. 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania, Hădărugă Nicoleta Gabriela ,   Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timisoara, Aradului Street no. 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania, David Ioan ,   Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timisoara, Aradului Street no. 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania, Ștef Ducu Sandu ,   Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timisoara, Aradului Street no. 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania, Megyesi Corina Iuliana ,   Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timisoara, Aradului Street no. 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
Published: February 2025

The aim of this work was to give the analyzed products (different distilled alcoholic beverages from Banat region, Romania) a better appreciation because of the great organoleptic properties they possesses. The finished product specific to Banat, is palinca and is an alcoholic drink with at least 50% vol (alcohol levels), obtained through the specific process of fruit fermentation and double distillation, without the addition of sugar, other sweeteners or synthetic flavors, with natural coloring (from the barrel). These drinks are highly competitive worldwide with other similar products such as whiskey or different American distilled spirits. In order to obtain these distilled beverages we used different types of raw materials such as apricots, quince and peaches. In comparison we described other products well known and consumed in Romania like liqueur, cognac, whiskey, gin, maraschino. After distillation, the palinca must undergo a maturation process at least for six months, in barrels and it is not allowed to touch metal or plastic surfaces, in order to preserve its specific aroma. A very big advantage of this product is that it is a "clean" product, without any additives. In this paper, a case study was carried out regarding the determination of the alcohol concentration (using a densimeter, pycnometer and alcohol meter) as well as the determination of the heavy metal content: Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd from obtained distilled beverages, using the atomic absorption spectrometry method in air-acetylene flame
Kale, a complementary, rich mineral food - a review
Authors:   Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Life Sciences” King Mihai I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului 119, 300645, Romania, Cârlea Iulia , Tarkanyi Patricia ,   Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Life Sciences” King Mihai I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului 119, 300645, Romania, Lăcătuș Mihaela ,   Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Life Sciences” King Mihai I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului 119, 300645, Romania, Bordean Despina-Maria ,   Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Life Sciences” King Mihai I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului 119, 300645, Romania, Rădulescu Laura ,   Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Life Sciences” King Mihai I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului 119, 300645, Romania
Published: February 2025

Vegetables are becoming increasingly valued as products for the domestic market and export because they have a great potential to improve nutrition and therefore consumers' health. Vegetables are an exceptional source of minerals, proteins, bioactive compounds, and vitamins, all of which are necessary for the proper functioning and development of the human body. Kale has become very well known for its rich nutrient content, for the benefits it brings to health, and last but not least for its excellent taste. This work aims to evaluate the nutritional profile of kale, as well as to highlight its health benefits. Kale is known as the vegetable with the highest vitamin K content, a vitamin essential for skin health, eyes, and mucous membranes, it is anti-cancer, and diabetes and has antiinflammatory action. All varieties of Kale have a high content of calcium, iron, magnesium, sodium, potassium, manganese, and copper. They have more vitamin C than oranges, having the capacity to maintain a strong immune system. The high fiber content accelerates intestinal transit and supports the detoxification of the body. Due to the high content of antioxidants, and the presence of over 45 flavonoids; kale is a real anti-cancer food, it lowers cholesterol and improves blood circulation. Regarding the low-calorie trend in diets, it contains fewer calories being a perfect food for losing weight.
Development and characterization of gluten-free noodles from whole rice flour and green banana flour
Authors:   University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timisoara, Faculty of Food Engineering, Timisoara, Calea Aradului, nr. 119, Roumania, 300645, Stoin Daniela , Gal Ruth ,   University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timisoara, Faculty of Food Engineering, Timisoara, Calea Aradului, nr. 119, Roumania, 300645, Jianu Călin ,   University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timisoara, Faculty of Food Engineering, Timisoara, Calea Aradului, nr. 119, Roumania, 300645, Poiana Mariana-Atena ,   University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timisoara, Faculty of Food Engineering, Timisoara, Calea Aradului, nr. 119, Roumania, 300645, Alexa Ersilia ,   University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timisoara, Faculty of Food Engineering, Timisoara, Calea Aradului, nr. 119, Roumania, 300645, Velciov Ariana Bianca ,   University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timisoara, Faculty of Food Engineering, Timisoara, Calea Aradului, nr. 119, Roumania, 300645, Moigradean Diana ,   University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timisoara, Faculty of Food Engineering, Timisoara, Calea Aradului, nr. 119, Roumania, 300645
Published: February 2025

The food industry is constantly seeking to identify and valorise new natural and sustainable sources, such as plant powders and unconventional flours, as alternatives to traditional flours. The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional potential of green banana flour (GBF) to develop and optimize a gluten-free noodle assortment with superior nutritional profile and improved sensory and technological qualities. GBF contains health-promoting compounds that enhance the nutritional value of flour products when combined with whole rice flour (WRF). GBF was used to replace RF in percentages of 0% (control sample), 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% (w/w). Standard methods were used to examine the proximate composition, physical, sensory characteristics and storage stability of the noodle formulas. The sensory analysis of the noodle samples revealed that the 20% GBF sample was the most highly regarded by the evaluators. The results also demonstrated an enhancement in the nutritional profile of the noodles, proportional to the increase in the proportion of GBF in the composite flour blends, in terms of fibre and mineral content, as well as a reduction in cooking time and cooking losses. Consequently, the incorporation of RF and GBF in noodles constitutes a promising avenue for promoting health and culinary excellence.
Quantitative analysis of some antioxidant compounds from the hydroalcoholic extracts of Rosa canina
Authors:   Faculty of Food Engineering, Tourism and Environmental Protection, "Aurel Vlaicu" University, 310130, Elena Drăgoi street, no. 2, Arad, Romania, Condrat Dumitru , Ciutina Virgiliu ,   Faculty of Food Engineering, Tourism and Environmental Protection, "Aurel Vlaicu" University, 310130, Elena Drăgoi street, no. 2, Arad, Romania, Meșter Mihaela ,   Faculty of Food Engineering, Tourism and Environmental Protection, "Aurel Vlaicu" University, 310130, Elena Drăgoi street, no. 2, Arad, Romania, Dicu Ana ,   Faculty of Food Engineering, Tourism and Environmental Protection, "Aurel Vlaicu" University, 310130, Elena Drăgoi street, no. 2, Arad, Romania, Zdremțan Monica ,   Faculty of Food Engineering, Tourism and Environmental Protection, "Aurel Vlaicu" University, 310130, Elena Drăgoi street, no. 2, Arad, Romania, Diaconescu Daniela ,   Faculty of Food Engineering, Tourism and Environmental Protection, "Aurel Vlaicu" University, 310130, Elena Drăgoi street, no. 2, Arad, Romania
Published: February 2025

In this study the quantitative analysis of some antioxidant compounds from the hydroalcoholic extracts of Rosa canina was performed by high performance liquid chromatography, using a Shimadzu Nexera X2 ultra high performance liquid chromatograph (UHPLC) equipped with a Shimadzu DAD detector (Tokyo, Japan) M30A and a Nucleosil 100-3-C18 reverse phase column. The analyzed plant material was from rose hip fruits (Rosa canina). Two types of hydroalcoholic extracts were analyzed (90%, 70%); the 70% ethanolic extracts had a higher content of phenolic and polyphenolic compounds, compounds with a strong antioxidant character. The analyzed antioxidant compounds were: vanillic acid, rosmarinic acid and ferulic acid. The content of ethanol extracts of Rosa canina in the determined compounds varies between 7.33 -18.97 mg/L. The aim is to capitalize on the Rosa canina plant material by obtaining dry plant extracts incorporated in active principles of therapeutic interest. As a shoulder, it was decided to carry out the extraction process with ethanol 70%, 90% as extraction solvent, and then after the quantitative analysis of the extracts, in the future we are looking at drying by the lyophilization method, with the advantage of preserving the long-term structural and functional integrity of the resulting extracts
The Prevalence of Kidd, Lewis, ABO and RhD blood group systems in diabetic patients attending RSUTH
Authors: Joseph Esther , Christian Serekara Gideon , KOATE BARIBEFE
Published: February 2025

Aim: This study is aimed at determining the prevalence of Kidd, Lewis, ABO and RhD blood group systems in diabetic patients attending RSUTH.
Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH), and 75 diabetic subjects (30-98 years) was recruited for this study, 5mls of blood was collected using standard venipuncture technique from each subject. Blood grouping were determined manually The presence of ABO, Rh D, Lewis, and Kidd blood group system was examined using Anti-ABO, anti-D, anti-Lea and Leb, anti-Jka and Jkb monoclonal antibody, respectively (Lorne Laboratories). Data generated were analyzed by simple percentage calculation.
Result: In this study the distribution pattern of ABO blood group among subjects with diabetes mellitus was in the other of O>A>B>AB (45.3%, 30.7%, 21.3% and 2.7% correspondingly), for Rh blood group system is Rh+> Rh- (95.3% and 4.7%). Also in this study, no subjects was tested Jka+ and Jkb+, the distribution pattern among diabetic groups the distribution of Kidd blood group antigens is Jka+>Jkb+> Jkb- >Jka-is (100%, 94.7%, 5.3%, 0.00 ) respectively. Distribution of Lewis antigens in this study showed the following sequence for diabetes subjects is Leb+>Lea+>Lea->Leb- (81.3%, 60.0%, 40.0%, 18.7%).
Conclusion: Le a and Le b in this population was observed frequently than those in other population previously reported We therefore recommend that routine typing of Lewis blood group system should be done.
Impact of Training & Development (T&D) on Employee’s Performance & Productivity (P&P)
Authors: Saleh Mohammad Yusuf , Azimi Hamdullah
Published: February 2025

This study explores the critical impact of Training and Development (T&D) on improving employees' Performance and Productivity (P&P), specifically within the context of JACK NGO in Parwan, Afghanistan. In a competitive global environment, corporate entities and non-governmental organizations must ensure their workforce possesses relevant and contemporary skills. Employing a quantitative research methodology, this study utilizes linear regression analysis to assess data gathered from a sample of 275 participants through a rigorously structured questionnaire. Additionally, secondary data sources were used to support the findings, which reveal a strong and statistically significant positive relationship between T&D initiatives and enhancements in employee performance and productivity (P&P) at JACK NGO. Notably, on-the-job training is a particularly effective facet of T&D, directly contributing to enhanced employee outcomes. This research underscores the necessity of strategically optimizing T&D programs as a fundamental strategy for bolstering employee effectiveness and driving organizational success at JACK NGO. The results suggest the need for strategic investments in extensive training programs, which improve employee skills and support the organization’s broader goals and vision, ultimately fostering sustainable growth and a positive impact within the community it serves.
Face-to-Face Dialogue: Theory, Research, and Applications by Janet Beavin Bavelas
Authors: Czerny Elfie J , Godat Dominik
Published: February 2025

Reviewing the late Janet Beavin Bavelas’s Face-to-Face Dialogue is no easy task — how does one adequately honour the work of a legend in the field of communication? For over six decades, Bavelas has pursued a single, profound question: What makes face-to-face dialogue unique? In this masterful book, she answers this question, while revealing dialogue as richer and more collaborative than we might have imagined.
Capítulo 13: Fomentando el Emprendimiento: Iniciativa de la Unidad Académica de Contaduría y Administración - Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit - México
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Suárez Flores Marina , González Hernández Maricruz ,   Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Aguirre Bravo Anna Alessandra ,   Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Bogarín Correa María Romelia ,   Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Carrillo Beltrán Julio Cesar Cuauhtémoc ,   Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit
Published: February 2025

La universidad tiene la relevancia y el compromiso con la sociedad, de entregar profesionales que sean empleadores. El objetivo del presente trabajo es observar el desarrollo histórico que realiza la Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit y la Unidad Académica de Contaduría y Administración con respecto al emprendimiento. Es una investigación cualitativa de tipo documental descriptiva. La UACYA-UAN ha puesto en marcha sus mejores estrategias para motivar a los estudiantes a que cambien el paradigma de ser empleados a ser empleadores. Así mismo, ha sido pionera en realizar los foros de las Expo Emprende desde 2011 a la fecha, también la Expo mujer y el Foro Senior. Cabe resaltar que los estudiantes universitarios realizan tanto proyectos para las empresas Mipymes, como sus prácticas profesionales.
Capítulo 20: Gestión de la Responsabilidad Social en Organizaciones de Voluntariado Juveniles en Ecuador
Authors:   Universidad de Guayaquil, Avilés Pedro , Romero Douglas ,   Universidad “Rafael Belloso Chacín”, Sánchez Sofía ,   Universidad Nacional Experimental “Rafael María Baralt”
Published: February 2025

La presente investigación tuvo por objetivo evaluar la gestión de la Responsabilidad Social de las organizaciones de voluntariado juveniles, ubicadas en Guayaquil-Ecuador. Se sustentó en los postulados de Guédez (2014), Pelekais (2008), el Libro Verde (2011), Menco (2008), Pimentel (2009), Curto (2012), ISO 26.000 (2010), entre otros. En cuanto al aspecto metodológico, el estudio se insertó en la corriente positivista, de tipo evaluativo, de campo con modalidad de proyecto factible, con diseño no experimental transaccional. La población estuvo representada por 66 sujetos, que ocupan la gerencia o dirección de las organizaciones de voluntarios juveniles, asociados en Acorvol de la ciudad de Guayaquil. Tomándose la totalidad de la población, es decir, muestra censal. El instrumento de recolección de datos aplicado, lo constituyó un cuestionario contentivo de 51 ítems con escala tipo Likert, el cual fue sometido a los procesos de validez y confiabilidad. De acuerdo con las informaciones recopiladas se concluye que estas organizaciones cuentan con una gestión de responsabilidad social basada en el compromiso social y la ética en la conducción de las acciones, también son cuidadosa de capacitar al voluntariado juvenil en pro de tener mayor conocimiento de las labores a realizar, son cuidadosa del medio ambiente interno y externo para lo cual dictan especificaciones a sus grupos de interés. Finalmente, se propuso un Programa de Responsabilidad Social en las organizaciones de voluntariado juveniles de Guayaquil como herramienta administrativa que sirva de seguimiento, control y difusión de las labores de responsabilidad social de estas organizaciones sin fines de lucro.
Identifikasi Bahaya Dan Penilaian Risiko Dengan Metode Hiradc Pada Lingkungan Kerja Puskesmas Kedungmundu
Authors: Alodia Hidayatillah Tara , Khasbiyah Khasbiyah
Published: February 2025

Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja di era globalisasi sudah menjadi salah satu kebutuhan dalam setiap aktivitas kerja, baik pekerjaan lapangan maupun pekerjaan di dalam ruangan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan dan memahami tingkat bahaya serta risiko K3 guna melakukan perbaikan dan pemeliharaan lingkungan kerja puskesmas dengan metode HIRADC (Hazard Identification Risk Assessment and Determining Control) serta memberikan rekomendasi kepada Puskesmas Kedungmundu untuk mencegah dan mengendalikan kecelakaan kerja. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian deskriptif adalah mengumpulkan data dengan melakukan observasi di lapangan dan menganalisis kondisi lingkungan kerja Puskesmas berdasarkan OHSAS 18001. Hasil observasi telah dilakukan pada bulan September 2024, dan ditemukan 9 potensi bahaya yang masing-masing berada pada tempat pendaftaran, koridor ruangan puskesmas, gudang dan kolam ikan. Hasil pemeringkatan diperoleh dengan menggunakan matriks tingkat risiko yang menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 3 potensi bahaya yang memiliki risiko ekstrem, yaitu tidak semua karyawan menggunakan masker saat bekerja, tidak ada daftar periksa APAR rutin, dan tidak semua panel listrik memiliki rambu bahaya. Kemudian terdapat dua jenis kecelakaan dan penyakit akibat kerja ekstrem, yaitu penyakit menular dan kebakaran.
Convergence, Coordination, and Cybersecurity in Global Intelligence Sharing
Authors: Guo Yichen
Published: February 2025

This paper explores the critical importance of cooperation and trust in global intelligence sharing, drawing from historical and contemporary examples to highlight the complexities and challenges involved. The success of Operation Overlord during World War II exemplifies the power of effective intelligence collaboration, while the Snowden leaks reveal the fragility of trust within the intelligence community. The paper examines the challenges posed by fragmented and overlapping systems, as illustrated by the 9/11 attacks and the Boston Marathon Bombing, and underscores the need for streamlined communication and coordination among intelligence agencies. It also addresses the growing threat of cyber attacks, emphasizing the necessity of robust cybersecurity measures to protect shared intelligence. The discussion extends to the importance of rebuilding trust among allies, enhancing coordination, and developing unified cybersecurity standards. By addressing these key issues, the paper argues that intelligence agencies can better safeguard national and global security interests, ensuring a more secure and cooperative international environment.
Analysis of physical training performance data based on decision tree
Authors: Yu Yixiang
Published: February 2025

Under the background of the current information age, the scientific, accurate and high efficiency of sports training effect evaluation is very important to improve the quality of physical exercise. However, the traditional manual evaluation method is limited by subjective and objective factors, which is often difficult to accurately reflect the training status of the students. This paper aims to solve the inaccurate and time-consuming problems in the evaluation of sports training performance, which has important practical significance and application value. Through the visualization technology to reveal the changes of the training performance, and the modeling and prediction combined with the decision tree algorithm, the accurate estimation of the training performance of the students can be realized, providing strong support for the training feedback and effect improvement.
Summary on Nifedipine and Captopril in Treating Hypertension
Authors: Yin Yiwei
Published: February 2025

Hypertension, a chronic disease, is one of the major health problems worldwide and needs to be controlled through education, early diagnosis and effective management. Two of the most prescribed medications for treating hypertension are nifedipine and captopril. The first chapter gives some background information on hypertension then, the mechanism and target of two drugs are explained. Both of them effectively lower the blood pressure of patients after. Nifedipine achieves this by blocking L-type calcium channels, while captopril produces the same effect by inhibiting the catalysis process of ATI to ATII of ACE. Next, the article moves on to review existing literature on cross-over comparison between nifedipine and captopril and concludes some common trends revealed by previous studies. It was found that nifedipine and captopril have approximately the same level of effectiveness but captopril tends to give less adverse reactions. In addition, synthesize methods of two drugs are also mentioned and compared.
Has the Transtheoretical Model (Prochaska & DiClemente, 1983) or Social Cognitive Theory (Bandura, 1986) made a greater contribution to predicting changes in physical activity?
Authors: Li Baixuan
Published: February 2025

Physical activity is crucial for a healthy lifestyle and offers various health benefits. However, maintaining regular exercise can be challenging for many. This literature review compares the effectiveness of the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) and the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) in predicting changes in physical activity. While both models are prominent in health behaviour change, SCT is posited to be more effective due to its measurability, comprehensiveness, and support. The article reviews studies assessing the efficacy of both theories and concludes that SCT is a stronger predictor. It emphasises self-efficacy, a critical factor in behaviour change. Bandura’s sources of self-efficacy - mastery, vicarious experiences, persuasion, and affective feedback - provide robust predictors. In contrast, TTM focuses on stages of change but lacks the depth to predict behaviour changes accurately. SCT’s comprehensive approach, accounting for personal, behavioural, and environmental factors, sets it apart. Empirical support highlights SCT’s reliability and applicability in interventions, making it a superior predictor of physical activity changes. The essay underscores SCT’s value in tailoring interventions and its potential to foster healthier lifestyles.
Exploring socio-psychological factors that contribute to the persistence of mental health stigma among adolescents in China
Authors: Xu Liyang
Published: February 2025

In China negative attitudes of society towards adolescents with mental illness and the young who are suffering from it themselves create substantial barriers to the access to support and services that are much needed. The research aims to map the psychological processes that reinforce the stigma within the social and cross-cultural context, with the emphasis on culture, family and government. Employing the cross-sectional survey design, focusing on the age bracket of 12-20 years old, the research investigates the effects of family structure as well as traditional mentalities on understanding mental illness, and how policies and social structures affect the stigma. The outcomes are expected to assist in addressing some of the issues above and assist in progress in tangible steps to bring about reduced stigma. The study thus reinforces the advancement of culturally appropriate inclusive strategies that would help improve the mental wellbeing of adolescents in China.
From the Flaw in Common-Sense Philosophy to the Essence of Real Truth
Authors: Zhao Hairong
Published: February 2025

This Essay starts with the rebuttal argument toward the common-sense philosophy claiming that common-sense knowledge is always overthrown by science. Then, this argument results in a better definition of the common-sense knowledge that makes up the flaw that leads to the previous conflict. By clearing up the definition of common-sense knowledge, this essay also discusses the approach of how people understand this world, which leads the discussion to the essence of “real truth” compared to the truth that society chooses to believe in. While discovering the essence of “real truth”, the common-sense philosophy helps explain why we cannot reach a real truth, and Darwin’s Theory of Evolution contributes to the pattern of the eternal changing of the species, which ends in a conclusion that there might be no real truth at all, and we cannot approach one, but it is still valuable for us to involve in the process of keep seeking for truth.
Progress in the Study of the Pathogenesis of Funnel Chest
Authors: Lu Lawrence
Published: February 2025

This essay provides a comprehensive review of the pathogenesis of funnel chest by reviewing recent findings from both Chinese and English literature. The etiology of funnel chest is multifaceted and complex, with both various and numerous hypotheses concentrating on developmental disorders of the thoracic and costal muscles. At the same time, the significance of diaphragm abnormalities is mentioned relatively rarely. Factors that contribute to the pathogenesis of funnel chest include respiratory tract obstruction, abnormalities in alkaline phosphatase levels, trace element abnormalities, genetic factors, endocrine influences, and abnormal uterine development. Accordingly, it is essential to have further investigation into the pathogenesis of funnel chest in order to elucidate the primary predisposing factors and to record direct clinical evidence to support these findings.
Exploring High-Dimensional Spaces and Their Real-Life Applications
Authors: Gong Yinpu
Published: February 2025

Understanding high-dimensional spaces is crucial for various applications in mathematics and physics. The article intended to discover the relations between high-dimensional space and its applications in real life, based on the theories mentioned before. The research will be divided into two large parts and each part contains two objectives, which depend on the depth of knowledge. The first part includes a discussion of the known dimensional space. It will present simple explanations of these dimensional spaces. Next, the differences of adjacent dimensional space will be included. In addition, it will discuss the relationship in the known dimensional space. In the second part, the paragraph will try to transfer 4D or higher dimensions from 3D and existing data, which is the most significant objective. At the end of the research, it will find some applications related to the research in daily life, hoping more people will realize what high dimensional space is and associate it with daily life.
Effectiveness of Personalized Advertising in E-commerce Platforms
Authors: Pan Shilun
Published: February 2025

This research aims to understand when personalized advertising is most helpful in e-commerce sites from the perspective of customer engagement rate and conversion rate. Given the growing popularity of customized advertising in the context of digital marketing, the efficiency of such an approach is of great interest to companies. The study acquires rich data by combining an online questionnaire, interviews with marketers, and data from e-commerce promotional campaigns. Targeted advertisements greatly influence customer attention and are supported by higher CTR alongside extended web presence times on observed websites. Also, there were increased conversion rates, especially where the ad was produced based on preferences, hence enhancing the purchase theory of personalisation. In that case, most marketing professionals recognize the efficiency of personalized adverts, but they state the enhancement of the difficulties, for example, privacy issues and advert exhaustion. The two significant practical implications of the study for businesses are that both engagement and conversion benefit from personalized ads. However, businesses must be careful not to oversteer with personalisation beyond the user’s best interest, as it will erode customer trust in the long run. Nevertheless, timing also has the effect of reducing other problems like ad fatigue when ads are placed at the most appropriate time and are more related to the content of the website.
Role Conflict and Social Shaping of High Family Power Women
Authors: Jin Qimin
Published: February 2025

In today’s world, gender inequality remains a pressing global issue. While some scholars have examined the structure of family power and the conflicts women face in both work and family contexts, there is a notable lack of focus on the important subgroup of women with high family power. This oversight highlights the need for more targeted research that addresses the unique experiences and challenges faced by these women. This article explores the pathways through which women with high family power obtain their authority and the challenges they face through case analysis. The research identifies that high family power women experience role conflicts stemming from time constraints, tension, and behavioral expectations, as well as a role paradox arising from resource distribution and cultural norms. Women often maintain high family power by being compelled to relinquish social roles and sacrifice personal interests, which is different from conventional pathways. In response to these issues, the article offers recommendations from three perspectives: societal, familial, and individual.
Socia Media Communication: Mechanisms, Influences, Problems and Strategies
Authors: Chang Jiahao
Published: February 2025

With the increasing popularity and influence of social media, it plays an important role in information dissemination, the formation of social public opinion, cultural communication and commercial marketing. Therefore, this paper focuses on research of social media communication. Specifically, this research focuses on the mechanism, influence, problems and countermeasures of social media communication. The results show that the communication mechanism of social media includes network structure and node influence, algorithm recommendation and information transmission path, emotional resonance and so on. Its influence is reflected in the rapid formation of social public opinion, the acceleration of cultural communication and the change of commercial marketing. Existing problems include challenges in information authenticity and credibility, privacy protection and data security threats, and difficulties in online public opinion guidance and governance. The response strategy involves establishing a strict information review mechanism, strengthening information screening and filtering, improving the public information literacy, providing transparent privacy Settings, strengthening the data protection mechanism, and establishing a rapid response mechanism. This study helps to promote the healthy development of social media, improve the quality of information dissemination, protect user privacy and data security, and maintain the healthy and orderly development of online public opinion.