bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patterns of coping with work‐related stress: A person‐centred analysis with text data
Authors: Somers Mark John , Casal Jose
Published: September 2020

This purpose of this study was to apply the person‐centred model to better understand how employees cope with work‐related stress. It builds on earlier person‐centred studies of coping and work‐related stress by using advanced analytics and text data, and establishes the person‐centred model as a viable complement to variable‐centred coping research. Five profile coping groups, spanning individually‐focused and socially‐focused coping strategies were identified. Individually‐focused profile groups included: avoidance coping based on escapism, active coping associated with physical activity, and passive coping emphasizing relaxation techniques. Socially‐focused coping groups include confiding in friends and family, and engaging in social leisure activities. Implications of these findings were discussed as was the value of latent class cluster analysis with text input in person‐centred coping research.
Multiple Passivation of Electronic Defects for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Li Mingguang , Yu Longsheng , Zhang Ying , Gao Huan , Li Ping , Chen Runfeng , Huang Wei
Published: September 2020

Electronic defects and grain boundaries of perovskite films will significantly deteriorate both the efficiency and the stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), and various methods aimed to reduce these defects are proposed. Herein, an organic solid molecule of pyridinedicarboxylic acid (PDA) with one pyridine and two carboxylic acid groups is used as a passivating agent to cure the defects by regulating the perovskite microstructures in a multiple manner. The defects located at both the surfaces and grain boundaries of polycrystalline MAPbI3 perovskites are simultaneously passivated through the multiple coordination effects between the used functional groups and uncoordinated Pb2+, regardless of the substitution sites of the carboxylic acid and pyridine. Impressively, the PDA‐passivated inverted PSCs achieve remarkably enhanced power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) from 16.43% to nearly 19% and maintain over 90% of its original PCE after 1300 h under an inert environment. These findings indicate that the commercially available PDA molecule emerges as an efficient passivating agent of perovskite defects capable of stimulating the combined effects of the multiple functional groups, which is highly promising for the practical applications of PSCs with both high efficiency and good stability.
Synthesis and Characterization of Superabsorbent Cellulose‐Based Hydrogel for Agriculture Application
Authors: Das Dipankar , Prakash Priyambada , Rout Prasanta K. , Bhaladhare Sachin
Published: September 2020

Hydrogels are 3D network formed by linear (or branched) hydrophilic polymer molecules that are chemically or physically crosslinked. Hydrogels can absorb a prominent amount of water and biological fluids and release them at a controlled rate. This study deals with the synthesis and characterization of carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (CMCNa) and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC)‐based biodegradable hydrogels using citric acid (CA) as a crosslinker. The chemical analysis of synthesized hydrogels is performed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are synthesized by an acid hydrolysis process and are incorporated into the hydrogel matrix and the effects of CNCs on hydrogel properties are assessed. The effects of the CA on hydrogels swelling properties are also studied and about 600% swelling is observed for the hydrogel synthesized using 2% of the CA crosslinker. Using CNCs as reinforcing agents for hydrogel composites decreases the tensile strength of hydrogels because of poor CNC dispersion within the hydrogel matrix is observed that can be seen in the scanning electron microscope images. The optimum use of crosslinkers and proper distribution of CNCs in the hydrogel matrix can provide a promising hydrogel material that can absorb and release water in a controlled manner to improve utilization of available water resources for agricultural applications.
Preparation and Properties of Polyacrylic Acid/Soluble Starch Complex Nanoparticles by Surfactant‐Free Polymerization
Authors: Huang Yadi , Wu Juan , Deng Shengsong , Li Fenghe , Bian Xialing , Li Xiaowen , Yao Risheng
Published: September 2020

Polymer nanoparticles have made progress in pharmaceutical nanotechnologies due to their efficient drug delivery. However, considerable amounts of surfactant are required during polymerization, which inevitably brings some potential problems. Herein, template polymerization is utilized to synthesize polyacrylic acid/soluble starch (PAA/SS) complex nanoparticles by surfactant‐free polymerization. As a template, soluble starch (S‐starch, SS) nanoparticles are obtained by nanoprecipitation due to their polyhydroxy structure. The resultant complex nanoparticles with pH sensitivity have core–shell structures, which facilitates their use as nanoparticles in preparation of gelatin‐like materials. Another interesting property of PAA/SS complex nanoparticles is that the SS template can be removed by α‐amylase, then PAA nanocapsules are obtained. A hypothesis for the mechanisms of PAA/SS complex nanoparticles formation and PAA nanocapsules preparation with α‐amylase is also proposed.
Moderate Vinyl Acetate Acetylation Improves the Pasting Properties of Oxidized Corn Starch
Authors: Ma Lei , Xiong Feiyang , Kong Haocun , Gu Zhengbiao , Li Zhaofeng , Hong Yan , Cheng Li , Li Caiming
Published: September 2020

It is generally believed that acetylation can enhance the hydrophilicity of starch, resulting in increased viscosity. However, moderate vinyl acetate acetylation is interestingly found to decrease the peak viscosity of oxidized starch during pasting in this study. This low viscosity of starch paste is extremely desirable in paper surface sizing and textile sizing. Corn starches are oxidized by NaClO (4.0% chlorine) and then acetylated using vinyl acetate at different levels. The peak viscosity of oxidized starch modified by vinyl acetate is reduced by 67.1%. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirms the presence of acetyl groups with a peak at 1730 cm−1. X‐ray diffraction analysis shows that the intensity of crystalline peaks of oxidized–acetylated starches is decreased compared with that of oxidized or acetylated starch. Granule morphology observations further reveal extensive surface damage of the granules resulting from moderate acetylation. Molecular size distribution analysis also shows that the moderate vinyl acetylation can significantly reduce (≈60%) the average molecular weight of oxidized starch. These results show that moderate acetylation can change the structural and morphological properties of oxidized starch, leading to a considerable drop in paste viscosity and shows great application potential in the starch industry.
Functional, Rheological, Morphological, and Micro‐Structural Properties of Extrusion‐Processed Corn and Potato Starches
Authors: Gandhi Neeraj , Singh Baljit , Singh Parminder , Sharma Savita
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of twin‐screw extrusion conditions on the properties and quality attributes of corn starch (CS) and potato starch (PS). Extrusion processing conditions used are—feed moisture level of 17% and 18%, screw speed level of 414 and 533 rpm, and barrel temperature of 131 and 135 °C for CS and PS, respectively. When compared with native starches, it is demonstrated that extrusion has a positive effect on the functional properties, that is, bulk density decreases, but water absorption index, water solubility index, degree of gelatinization, and in vitro digestibility increase significantly, and transform its native structure to a honeycomb‐like fine meshwork. Extrusion also results in a significant decrease in pasting temperature, peak viscosity, hold viscosity, final viscosity, breakdown viscosity, and setback viscosity of both the starches. In color profile, a decrease in luminosity, but increase in redness and yellowness are observed in extruded starches. Scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray diffractometry studies show that extrusion leads to complete destruction of structure along with reduced crystallinity and formation of V‐type polymorphs in starches. Compared to CS, PS shows more surface protrusions and formation of air cells leading to formation of a much more microporous structure.
Antinociceptive activity of the novel RAGE inhibitor, papaverine, in a mouse model of chronic inflammatory pain
Authors: Yoshizawa Kazumi , Takeuchi Kota , Nakamura Toka , Ukai Saki , Takahashi Yukino , Sato Akira , Takasawa Ryoko , Tanuma Sei‐ichi
Published: September 2020

Extracellular high‐mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is known to mediate the inflammatory response through pattern recognition receptors, including the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) or the toll‐like receptors (TLRs). The aim of the present study was to investigate whether papaverine, a novel RAGE inhibitor, could suppress inflammatory pain in mice after several time points, which was induced by the injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). We also investigated the influence of redox modulation during a state of chronic inflammatory pain. Although papaverine did not suppress CFA‐induced mechanical allodynia on Day 7, papaverine significantly suppressed CFA‐induced mechanical allodynia on Days 14 and 28. In contrast, the radical scavenger N‐tert‐Butyl‐α‐phenylnitrone (PBN) suppressed mechanical allodynia in mice on Days 7 and 14, but not on Day 28. We demonstrated that the RAGE inhibitor improves mechanical allodynia in chronic inflammatory conditions. Moreover, we also found that high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) contributed to the early phase of CFA‐induced mechanical allodynia. Precisely, lower ROS levels contributed to the inflammatory pain response via the all‐thiol HMGB1/RAGE signaling pathway during the chronic state. These findings led us to propose that ROS levels modulate RAGE and/or TLR4‐mediated inflammatory allodynia by regulating the concentrations of disulfide HMGB1 or all‐thiol HMGB1.
Towards a complete phylogeny of African Melastomateae: Systematics ofDissotisand allies (Melastomataceae)
Authors: Veranso‐Libalah Marie Claire , Stone Robert Douglas , Kadereit Gudrun
Published: September 2020

Dissotishas long been regarded as the most species‐rich genus of African Melastomataceae, yet its diagnostic characters have never been examined in an explicitly phylogenetic context. In a previous study, we recovered a large clade consisting of “Dissotisand allies” but with poorly understood generic limits. Here we present a nearly complete phylogeny of African Melastomateae with focus onDissotisand allies using sequences generated from two nuclear (nrETS, nrITS) and two plastid markers (ndhF,psbK‐psbL), sampling 94 accessions representing 69 species including outgroups. We infer phylogenetic relationships using maximum likelihood, parsimony and Bayesian approaches and propose a revised generic classification ofDissotisand allies based on our molecular trees. In addition, we reconstruct the ancestral state of 20 important morphological characters of African Melastomateae.DissotisandAntherotomaas previously circumscribed are polyphyletic, while all four of the previously recognised sections ofDissotissubg.Dissotisare monophyletic (i.e., sectionsDissotis,Macrocarpae,SessilifoliaeandSquamulosae). We also recovered a clade consisting ofD. congolensis,A. senegambiensis,A. clandestinaandNerophila gentianoidesplus the species earlier treated in AfricanOsbeckia. Ancestral character reconstruction indicates there are no unambiguous morphological synapomorphies forDissotiss.l. In particular, the character of staminal dimorphism is shown to be homoplasious. However, the individual clades making upDissotisand allies are each diagnosed by one to several morphological characters. In view of these results, we propose the following changes for the classification of African Melastomateae: (1) five new genera are described,Almedanthus(forDissotis pachytricha),Eleotis(forD.sect.Sessilifoliae),Feliciotis(forD. sect.Macrocarpae),Pyrotis(forD. gilgiana) andRosettea(forD.sect.Squamulosae); (2) the genusNerophilais reinstated with an expanded circumscription to includeAntherotoma senegambiensis,A. clandestina,D. congolensis,D. paucifloraand three species earlier treated in AfricanOsbeckia; (3) circumscription ofDissotiss.str. is reduced to six species; (4) the monospecific genusDerosiphiais reinstated; and (5) two species previously placed inDissotisare transferred toAntherotoma. To complete our generic realignment, 12 new synonyms and 58 new combinations are effected at or below the species level. A total of 40 lecto‐ or neotypes are designated. A revised key is provided for African Melastomateae, including all nine genera presently recognised inDissotisand allies.Dissotis leonensis(type and only species ofD.subg.Paleodissotis) together with the monospecificCailliellaandDionychastrumremain unsampled.
Biogeography and integrative taxonomy of Epipterygium (Mniaceae, Bryophyta)
Authors: Hanusch Maximilian , Ortiz Edgardo M. , Patiño Jairo , Schaefer Hanno
Published: September 2020

A significant number of bryophyte species are thought to have transcontinental geographic ranges, often with multiple disjunct distribution areas. One of these cases is Epipterygium tozeri (Mniaceae), with a Holarctic distribution and disjunct ranges in western North America, the Mediterranean, Japan and central Asia. Collections from different geographic regions were lumped into E. tozeri based on morphology, but a molecular confirmation was lacking so far. Here, we tested species concepts in the genus Epipterygium, with a special focus on the E. tozeri species complex, combining morphological and DNA sequence data for the nuclear ribosomal ITS region and two plastid loci (trnG intron, trnT‐psbD spacer). In a second step, we reconstructed the historical biogeography of the genus. We found that Epipterygium most likely originated in Asia or North/Central America and that the alleged single widespread species E. tozeri with disjunct ranges is in fact a group of genetically and morphologically distinct taxa, including four overlooked species, for which we provide descriptions: E. atlanticum sp. nov., E. biauritum sp. nov., E. oreophilum sp. nov., and E. yunnanense sp. nov. The biogeographical history of these species is best explained by a step‐wise parallel colonization of the Eurasian and American continents followed by in‐situ speciation.
Using social justice graphic novels in the ELL classroom
Authors: Barter‐Storm Brandy , Wik Tamara
Published: September 2020

Graphic novels are a form of authentic text that have started to gain widespread acceptance in the English language arts field and have been shown to increase students’ motivation to read and engage deeply with texts. By integrating text with pictures, graphic novels have the advantage of requiring a lighter cognitive load than traditional full‐text novels and can be more visually and emotionally impactful. This article discusses the need for graphic novels in the English language learner (ELL) classroom and their benefits as authentic, multimodal texts that lower the obstacles to engaging with challenging social justice issues. The article provides a sample unit plan that takes an in‐depth look at the graphic novel trilogyMarchby John Lewis, which provides a firsthand account of the U.S. civil rights movement. The unit plan and supplementary resources can be adapted to facilitate discussion in ELL classrooms worldwide regarding a variety of equity‐oriented issues. The article explores how graphic novel texts can engage students in deeper thinking about difficult issues through readings, discussions, journaling, and completing research projects on social justice themes worldwide.
Community action plans for social justice advocacy: Leveraging the relationship between awareness and action
Authors: Braden Sarah K. , Lund Marie , Hatch Katrina
Published: September 2020

Supporting multilingual learners’ access to equitable and socially just language education requires more from teachers than a critical stance and language awareness. Teachers of multilingual students must understand how their awareness and ideologies drive their actions and how their actions can generate new awareness both inside the classroom in pedagogical choices and outside the classroom in interactions with families and community partners. To aid teachers in moving through cycles of applying awareness to action, the authors designed the Community Action Plan (CAP) assignment for a family and community engagement course. This article outlines the components of the course curriculum and the conceptual framework that guided its design. The authors also provide a case study of how one novice teacher, Katrina (co‐author), navigated the curriculum. They offer suggestions for how language teacher educators might guide in‐service and preservice teachers to implement CAPs of various types to promote socially just language education for and with K–12 learners.
Analysis of Rosen type energy harvesting devices from porous piezoceramics with great longitudinal piezomodulus
Authors: Nasedkin Andrey V. , Oganesyan Pavel A. , Soloviev Arkady N.
Published: September 2020

This paper describes analytical and numerical modeling of the energy harvesting device based on composite piezoelectric materials. The device is a nonuniformly polarized porous piezoceramic compound plate such as a Rosen‐type piezoelectric transformer with single bimorph section. The effective properties of porous piezoceramics with great longitudinal piezoelectric strain coefficient d33 were calculated in the ACELAN‐COMPOS finite element package. An analytical applied theory for a piecewise uniformly polarized piezoelectric generator was developed and compared with the results of finite element simulation performed in ACELAN package. An efficient design of a cantilever‐based energy harvesting device is proposed. The analysis of the considered devices depending on the percentage of porosity of piezoceramics and boundary conditions is carried out. It is shown that with an increase in the percentage of porosity, the output characteristics of energy harvesting devices improve. In addition, different boundary conditions were studied for specific PEG made of porous ceramics with non‐homogeneous polarization to find more effective scheme of fixing.
Hasse diagrams for 3d $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 quiver gauge theories — Inversion and the full moduli space
Authors: Grimminger Julius F. , Hanany Amihay
Published: September 2020

Abstract

We study Hasse diagrams of moduli spaces of 3d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 quiver gauge theories. The goal of this work is twofold: 1) We introduce the notion of inverting a Hasse diagram and conjecture that the Coulomb branch and Higgs branch Hasse diagrams of certain theories are related through this operation. 2) We introduce a Hasse diagram to map out the entire moduli space of the theory, including the Coulomb, Higgs and mixed branches. For theories whose Higgs and Coulomb branch Hasse diagrams are related by inversion it is straight forward to generate the Hasse diagram of the entire moduli space. We apply inversion of the Higgs branch Hasse diagram in order to obtain the Coulomb branch Hasse diagram for bad theories and obtain results consistent with the literature. For theories whose Higgs and Coulomb branch Hasse diagrams are not related by inversion it is nevertheless possible to produce the Hasse diagram of the full moduli space using different methods. We give examples for Hasse diagrams of the entire moduli space of theories with enhanced Coulomb branches.
Polarized electroweak bosons in W+W− production at the LHC including NLO QCD effects
Authors: Denner Ansgar , Pelliccioli Giovanni
Published: September 2020

Abstract

The measurement of polarization fractions of massive gauge bosons at the LHC provides an important check of the Standard Model and in particular of the Electroweak Symmetry Breaking mechanism. Owing to the unstable character of W and Z bosons, devising a theoretical definition for polarized signals is not straightforward and always subject to some ambiguity. Focusing on W-boson pair production at the LHC in the fully leptonic channel, we propose to compute polarized cross-sections and distributions based on the gauge-invariant doubly-resonant part of the amplitude. We include NLO QCD corrections to the leading quark-induced partonic process and also consider the loop- induced gluon-initiated process contributing to the same final state. We present results for both an inclusive setup and a realistic fiducial region, with special focus on variables that are suited for the discrimination of polarized cross-sections and on quantities that can be measured experimentally.
Geometries with mismatched branes
Authors: Karch Andreas , Randall Lisa
Published: September 2020

Abstract

We study Randall-Sundrum two brane setups with mismatched brane tensions. For the vacuum solutions, boundary conditions demand that the induced metric on each of the branes is either de Sitter, Anti-de Sitter, or Minkowski. For incompatible boundary conditions, the bulk metric is necessarily time-dependent. This introduces a new class of time-dependent solutions with the potential to address cosmological issues and provide alternatives to conventional inflationary (or contracting) scenarios. We take a first step in this paper toward such solutions. One important finding is that the resulting solutions can be very succinctly described in terms of an effective action involving only the induced metric on either one of the branes and the radion field. But the full geometry cannot necessarily be simply described with a single coordinate patch. We concentrate here on the time- dependent solutions but argue that supplemented with a brane stabilization mechanism one can potentially construct interesting cosmological models this way. This is true both with and without a brane stabilization mechanism.
Anomalies, black strings and the charged Cardy formula
Authors: Hosseini Seyed Morteza , Hristov Kiril , Tachikawa Yuji , Zaffaroni Alberto
Published: September 2020

Abstract

We derive the general anomaly polynomial for a class of two-dimensional CFTs arising as twisted compactifications of a higher-dimensional theory on compact manifolds ℳd, including the contribution of the isometries of ℳd. We then use the result to per- form a counting of microstates for electrically charged and rotating supersymmetric black strings in AdS5× S5 and AdS7× S4 with horizon topology BTZt⋉S2 and BTZt⋉S2×$$ {\Sigma}_{\mathfrak{g}} $$

Σ
g

, respectively, where $$ {\Sigma}_{\mathfrak{g}} $$

Σ
g

is a Riemann surface. We explicitly construct the latter class of solutions by uplifting a class of four-dimensional rotating black holes. We provide a microscopic explanation of the entropy of such black holes by using a charged version of the Cardy formula.
Quantum periods and spectra in dimer models and Calabi-Yau geometries
Authors: Huang Min-xin , Sugimoto Yuji , Wang Xin
Published: September 2020

Abstract

We study a class of quantum integrable systems derived from dimer graphs and also described by local toric Calabi-Yau geometries with higher genus mirror curves, generalizing some previous works on genus one mirror curves. We compute the spectra of the quantum systems both by standard perturbation method and by Bohr-Sommerfeld method with quantum periods as the phase volumes. In this way, we obtain some exact analytic results for the classical and quantum periods of the Calabi-Yau geometries. We also determine the differential operators of the quantum periods and compute the topological string free energy in Nekrasov-Shatashvili (NS) limit. The results agree with calculations from other methods such as the topological vertex.
The transport pathway in the ABCG2 protein and its regulation revealed by molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Nagy Tamás , Tóth Ágota , Telbisz Ágnes , Sarkadi Balázs , Tordai Hedvig , Tordai Attila , Hegedűs Tamás
Published: September 2020

Atomic-level structural insight on the human ABCG2 membrane protein, a pharmacologically important transporter, has been recently revealed by several key papers. In spite of the wealth of structural data, the pathway of transmembrane movement for the large variety of structurally different ABCG2 substrates and the physiological lipid regulation of the transporter has not been elucidated. The complex molecular dynamics simulations presented here may provide a breakthrough in understanding the steps of the substrate transport process and its regulation by cholesterol. Our analysis revealed drug binding cavities other than the central binding site and delineated a putative dynamic transport pathway for substrates with variable structures. We found that membrane cholesterol accelerated drug transport by promoting the closure of cytoplasmic protein regions. Since ABCG2 is present in all major biological barriers and drug-metabolizing organs, influences the pharmacokinetics of numerous clinically applied drugs, and plays a key role in uric acid extrusion, this information may significantly promote a reliable prediction of clinically important substrate characteristics and drug-drug interactions.
A New Family of q-Supercongruences Modulo the Fourth Power of a Cyclotomic Polynomial
Authors: Guo Victor J. W. , Schlosser Michael J.
Published: September 2020

We establish a new family ofq-supercongruences modulo the fourth power of a cyclotomic polynomial, and give several related results. Our main ingredients areq-microscoping and the Chinese remainder theorem for polynomials.
Mortality in first- and second-generation immigrants to Sweden diagnosed with type 2 diabetes: a 10 year nationwide cohort study
Authors: Bennet Louise , Udumyan Ruzan , Östgren Carl Johan , Rolandsson Olov , Jansson Stefan P. O. , Wändell Per
Published: September 2020

Aims/hypothesis

Non-Western immigrants to Europe are at high risk for type 2 diabetes. In this nationwide study including incident cases of type 2 diabetes, the aim was to compare all-cause mortality (ACM) and cause-specific mortality (CSM) rates in first- and second-generation immigrants with native Swedes.

Methods

People living in Sweden diagnosed with new-onset pharmacologically treated type 2 diabetes between 2006 and 2012 were identified through the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register. They were followed until 31 December 2016 for ACM and until 31 December 2012 for CSM. Analyses were adjusted for age at diagnosis, sex, socioeconomic status, education, treatment and region. Associations were assessed using Cox regression analysis.

Results

In total, 138,085 individuals were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes between 2006 and 2012 and fulfilled inclusion criteria. Of these, 102,163 (74.0%) were native Swedes, 28,819 (20.9%) were first-generation immigrants and 7103 (5.1%) were second-generation immigrants with either one or both parents born outside Sweden. First-generation immigrants had lower ACM rate (HR 0.80 [95% CI 0.76, 0.84]) compared with native Swedes. The mortality rates were particularly low in people born in non-Western regions (0.46 [0.42, 0.50]; the Middle East, 0.41 [0.36, 0.47]; Asia, 0.53 [0.43, 0.66]; Africa, 0.47 [0.38, 0.59]; and Latin America, 0.53 [0.42, 0.68]). ACM rates decreased with older age at migration and shorter stay in Sweden. Compared with native Swedes, first-generation immigrants with ≤ 24 years in Sweden (0.55 [0.51, 0.60]) displayed lower ACM rates than those spending >24 years in Sweden (0.92 [0.87, 0.97]). Second-generation immigrants did not have better survival rates than native Swedes but rather displayed higher ACM rates for people with both parents born abroad (1.28 [1.05, 1.56]).

Conclusions/interpretation

In people with type 2 diabetes, the lower mortality rate in first-generation non-Western immigrants compared with native Swedes was reduced over time and was equalised in second-generation immigrants. These findings suggest that acculturation to Western culture may impact ACM and CSM in immigrants with type 2 diabetes but further investigation is needed.
Crossroads of seeing: about layers in painting and superimposition in Augmented Reality
Authors: van der Veen Manuel
Published: September 2020

Augmented Reality (AR) is itself a technology in which two ways of seeing are crossed. Our field of vision is thereby superimposed with digital information and images. But before this, the real environment is already perceived by machine seeing, it is redoubled by a 3D-model, scanned, located and linked. In this brief investigation, I will face the way of seeing in AR with traditional procedures, like ‘trompe-l'œil’ and the so-called ‘velo’, to distinguish between what remains classic and what has changed. It is important to examine this as layering, because it is a very thin stack of techniques, technology, materials and media, we seek to watch through. Subsequently, I shall analyze a painting of the contemporary artist Laura Owens in which both ways are crossed, the traditional one and the one concerning AR.
Meniscal allograft transplantation in The Netherlands: long-term survival, patient-reported outcomes, and their association with preoperative complaints and interventions
Authors: van der Wal Robert J. P. , Nieuwenhuijse Marc J. , Spek Reinier W. A. , Thomassen Bregje J. W. , van Arkel Ewoud R. A. , Nelissen Rob. G. H. H.
Published: September 2020

Purpose

Evaluation of survival of meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT) and postoperative patient-reported outcome (PRO), and their association with prior interventions of the knee.

Methods

A prospective consecutive study of 109 consecutive patients who had an arthroscopic meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT) between 1999 and 2017 by a single surgeon. Patients were assessed with KOOS scores, preoperative and after a minimal follow-up of 2 years. Furthermore, two anchor questions (whether expectations were met and overall satisfaction, on a five-point Likert scale) were asked. Additionally, prior interventions to MAT were evaluated.

Results

Prior to MAT, patients had undergone an average of 2.8 (range 1–14) of surgical procedures of the knee. Overall, mean allograft survival was 16.1 years (95% CI 14.8–17.5 years). Higher age at surgery was associated with lower MAT survival: hazard ratio for MAT failure was 1.19 per year increase (95% CI 1.04 to 1.36, p = 0.009). At 4.5 years (IQR, 2–9) of follow-up, all KOOS score were still improved compared to baseline. Age below 35 years, simultaneous anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and number of knee surgeries before MAT were associated with lower KOOS scores. Overall patient expectations and overall satisfaction after MAT were not associated with preoperative patient characteristics nor with the number or kind of preoperative interventions.

Conclusion

Meniscal allograft transplantation has a good overall survival with a clinically relevant improvement. Both meniscal allograft survival and PRO were associated with age. PRO was lower in patients younger than 35 years at time of MAT and meniscal allograft survival was worse in patients older than 50 years. PRO was associated with preoperative patient characteristics and number of surgical procedures prior to MAT. All patients reported improved postoperative satisfaction and met expectations after MAT, both independent of the preoperative history of knee interventions.

Level of evidence

Level III.

Trial registration Medical ethical review board (METC) number: 17–104 (7 August 2017).

Dutch Trial Register (NTR) number: NTR6630 (4 July 2017).
Printed and hybrid integrated electronics using bio-based and
recycled materials—increasing sustainability with greener materials and
technologies
Authors: Välimäki Marja K. , Sokka Laura I. , Peltola Heidi B. , Ihme Sami S. , Rokkonen Teijo M. J. , Kurkela Timo J. , Ollila Jyrki T. , Korhonen Arttu T. , Hast Jukka T.
Published: September 2020

Printed and hybrid integrated electronics produced from recycled and
renewable materials can reduce the depletion of limited material resources while
obtaining energy savings in small electronic applications and their energy storage.
In this work, bio-based poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and recycled polyethylene
terephthalate (rPET) were fabricated in film extrusion process and utilized as a
substrate in ultra-thin organic photovoltaics (OPV). In the device structure, metals
and metal oxides were replaced by printing PEDOT:PSS, carbon and amino
acid/heterocycles. Scalable, energy-efficient fabrication of solar cells resulted in
efficiencies up to 6.9% under indoor light. Furthermore, virgin-PET was replaced
with PLA and rPET in printed and hybrid integrated electronics where surface-mount
devices (SMD) were die-bonded onto silver-printed PLA and virgin-PET films to
prepare LED foils followed by an overmoulding process using the rPET and PLA. As a
result, higher relative adhesion of PLA-PLA interface was obtained in comparison
with rPET-PET interface. The obtained results are encouraging from the point of
utilization of scalable manufacturing technologies and natural/recycled materials in
printed and hybrid integrated electronics. Assessment showed a considerable decrease
in carbon footprint, about 10–85%, mainly achieved through replacing of silver,
virgin-PET and modifying solar cell structure. In outdoor light, the materials with
low carbon footprint can decrease energy payback times (EPBT) from ca. 250 days to
under 10 days. In indoor energy harvesting, it is possible to achieve EPBT of less
than 1 year. The structures produced and studied herein have a high potential of
providing sustainable energy solutions for example in IoT-related
technologies.
A CPPS based on GBDT for predicting failure events in milling
Authors: Zhang Y. , Beudaert X. , Argandoña J. , Ratchev S. , Munoa J.
Published: September 2020

Cyber-physical production systems (CPPS) are mechatronic systems monitored and controlled by software brains and digital information. Despite its fast development along with the advancement of Industry 4.0 paradigms, an adaptive monitoring system remains challenging when considering integration with traditional manufacturing factories. In this paper, a failure predictive tool is developed and implemented. The predictive mechanism, underpinned by a hybrid model of the dynamic principal component analysis and the gradient boosting decision trees, is capable of anticipating the production stop before one occurs. The proposed methodology is implemented and experimented on a repetitive milling process hosted in a real-world CPPS hub. The online testing results have shown the accuracy of the predicted production failures using the proposed predictive tool is as high as 73% measured by the AUC score.
The co-occurrence of a four-headed coracobrachialis muscle, split coracoid process and tunnel for the median and musculocutaneous nerves: the potential clinical relevance of a very rare variation
Authors: Olewnik Łukasz , Zielinska Nicol , Karauda Piotr , Duparc Fabrice , Georgiev Georgi P. , Polguj Michał
Published: September 2020

The coracobrachialis muscle (CBM) originates from the apex of the coracoid process, in common with the short head of the biceps brachii muscle, and from the intermuscular septum. Both the proximal and distal attachment of the CBM, as well as its relationship with the musculocutaneus nerve demonstrate morphological variability, some of which can lead to many diseases. The present case study presents a new description of a complex origin type (four-headed CBM), as well as the fusion of both the short biceps brachii head, brachialis muscle and medial head of the triceps brachii. In addition, the first and second heads formed a tunnel for the musculocutaneus and median nerves. This case report has clear clinical value due to the split mature of the coracoid process, and is a significant indicator of the development of interest in this overlooked muscle.
Effects of organic mercury on Mytilus galloprovincialis hemocyte function and morphology
Authors: Parisi Maria Giovanna , Pirrera Jessica , La Corte Claudia , Dara Mariano , Parrinello Daniela , Cammarata Matteo
Published: September 2020

Filter-feeding organisms accumulate xenobiotics and other substances in their tissues. They can be useful as sentinel organisms in biomonitoring of the marine compartment. Bivalve cellular immunity is ensured by phagocytosis and cytotoxic reactions carried out by hemocytes in a network with humoral responses. These can be affected by chemical contaminants in water that can be immunosuppressors also at a low concentration increasing the sensibility to pathogens. This work is an attempt to individuate cellular markers for pollution detection, investigating the effect of methylmercury (CH3HgCl) at different concentrations on the activity and hemocyte morphology of the Mediterranean mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis. We assessed the effect of three sub-lethal concentrations of the organometal on the cellular morphology, the efficacy of phagocytosis toward yeast cells, the alteration of the lysosomal membrane and the ability to release cytotoxic molecules. The results provide information on the alteration of hemocyte viability, modification of the morphological and cytoskeletal features and besides the cellular spreading, intrinsic ability of motile cells was used as a complementary investigation method. Exposure to the contaminant affected the percentage of phagocytosis and the phagocytosis index. Moreover, morphological and cytoskeleton alteration, caused by the pollutant, leads to reduced ability to incorporate the target and adhere to the substrate and the low ability of cells to retain neutral red could depend on the effects of methylmercury on membrane permeability. These results reinforce the use of the Mediterranean mussel as model for the evaluation of environmental quality in aquatic ecosystems integrating the novel information about hemocyte functions and morphology sensibility to organic mercury.

Graphic abstract
The impact of endometrioma on in vitro fertilisation/intra-cytoplasmic injection IVF/ICSI reproductive outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Alshehre Sallwa M. , Narice Brenda F. , Fenwick Mark A. , Metwally Mostafa
Published: September 2020

Background

Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) such as in vitro fertilisation (IVF) and intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) are often used to aid fertility in women with endometrioma; however, the implications of endometrioma on ART are unresolved.

Objective

To determine the effect of endometrioma on reproductive outcomes in women undergoing IVF or ICSI.

Methods

A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to identify articles examining women who had endometrioma and had undergone IVF or ICSI. Electronic searches were performed in PubMed, BIOSIS and MEDLINE up to September 2019. The primary outcome was live birth rate (LBR). Secondary outcomes included clinical pregnancy rate (CPR), implantation rate (IR), number of oocytes retrieved, number of metaphase II (MII) oocytes retrieved, number of embryos and top-quality embryos and the duration of gonadotrophin stimulation and dose.

Results

Eight studies were included. Where significant heterogeneity between studies was identified, a random-effects model was used. The number of oocytes (weighted means difference; WMD-2.25; 95% CI 3.43 to − 1.06, p = 0.0002) and the number of MII oocytes retrieved (WMD-4.64; 95% CI 5.65 to − 3.63, p < 0.00001) were significantly lower in women with endometrioma versus controls. All other outcomes, including gonadotrophin dose and duration, the total number of embryos, high-quality embryos, CPR, IR and LBR were similar in women with and without endometrioma.

Conclusion

Even though women with endometriomas had a reduced number of oocytes and MII oocytes retrieved when compared to women without, no other differences in reproductive outcomes were identified. This implies that IVF/ICSI is a beneficial ART approach for women with endometrioma.
Cognitive control in number processing: new evidence from task switching
Authors: Schliephake Andreas , Bahnmueller J. , Willmes K. , Moeller K.
Published: September 2020

Recently, it was demonstrated that even basic numerical cognition such as the processing of number magnitude is under cognitive control. However, evidence so far primarily came from adaptation effects to stimulus characteristics (e.g., relative frequency of specific stimulus categories). Expanding this approach, we evaluated a possible influence of more active exertion of cognitive control on basic number processing in task switching. Participants had to perform a magnitude comparison task while we manipulated the order of compatible and incompatible input–output modalities (i.e., auditory/vocal input–visual/manual output vs. auditory/visual input–manual/vocal output, respectively) on the trial level, differentiating repeat vs. switch trials. Results indicated that the numerical distance effect but not the problem size effect was increased after a switch in input–output modality compatibility. In sum, these findings substantiate that basic number processing is under cognitive control by providing first evidence that it is influenced by the active exertion of cognitive control as required in task switching.
Masterplan 2025 der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Pneumologie (ÖGP) – die erwartete Entwicklung und Versorgung respiratorischer Erkrankungen in Österreich
Authors: Studnicka Michael , Baumgartner Bernhard , Bolitschek Josef , Doberer Daniel , Eber Ernst , Eckmayr Josef , Hartl Sylvia , Hesse Peter , Jaksch Peter , Kink Eveline , Kneussl Meinhard , Lamprecht Bernd , Olschewski Horst , Pfleger Andreas , Pohl Wolfgang , Prior Christian , Puelacher Christoph , Renner Andreas , Steflitsch Wolfgang , Stelzmüller Ingrid , Täubl Helmut , Vonbank Karin , Wagner Marlies , Wantke Felix , Wass Romana
Published: September 2020

Mitglieder der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Pneumologie (ÖGP) beschreiben die erwartete Entwicklung der respiratorischen Gesundheit und zeigen Wege einer patientenorientierten und kosteneffizienten Versorgung für Österreich auf.

Methoden: Im November 2017 trifft sich eine Gruppe von respiratorisch tätigen Ärzten, Pflegekräften und Physiotherapeuten, gemeinsam mit Vertretern von Selbsthilfe-Gruppen und Experten für Gesundheitsentwicklung, um die Themen Rahmenbedingungen für Lungengesundheit, Asthma und Allergie, COPD, Mukoviszidose und andere Krankheitsbilder der pädiatrischen Pneumologie, Infektionen in der Pneumologie, Schlafbezogene Atemstörungen, Interventionelle Pneumologie, Thorakale Onkologie, und Orphan Diseases zu bearbeiten.

Ergebnisse: Respiratorische Erkrankungen sind extrem häufig und werden sehr oft durch individuelles Fehlverhalten (Zigarettenrauchen, Überernährung, körperliche Inaktivität) verursacht. Zudem wird für respiratorische Erkrankungen eine Zunahme der Prävalenz, aber eine Abnahme der Hospitalisierungen erwartet. Folgende Maßnahmen sind erforderlich, um den Herausforderungen der Zukunft zu begegnen.

1. Maßnahmen des Screenings und der Fallfindung sollen für Lungenkarzinom und COPD umgesetzt werden.

2. E-Health (Telemedizin, personalisierte Apps) soll vermehrt eingesetzt werden mit dem Ziel das Patientenmanagement zu erleichtern.

3. Regionale Unterschiede der medizinischen Versorgung können durch E‑Health und Harmonisierung der Angebote der Gesundheitskassen reduziert werden.

4. Patientenschulung und Awareness für respiratorische Erkrankungen soll verbessert werden (essentiell für Schlafstörungen, aber auch für andere respiratorische Erkrankungen)

5. Die angebotene Versorgung soll interprofessionell, und auf der Grundlage erkrankungsspezifischer Boards wie bei Tumorboards (z. B. für interstitielle Lungenerkrankungen, Schlaf und Allergie) erfolgen.

6. Die ambulante Rehabilitation im niedergelassenen Bereich kann einen großen Beitrag zur respiratorischen Gesundheit leisten.

7. Das vermehrte Verständnis der Molekularbiologie wird die personalisierte Medizin und zielgerichtete Therapien (z. B. für Asthma, Lungenkarzinom) ermöglichen, aber auch Gesundheitskosten verändern.
User-defined semantics for the design of IoT systems enabling smart interactive experiences
Authors: Ardito Carmelo , Desolda Giuseppe , Lanzilotti Rosa , Malizia Alessio , Matera Maristella , Buono Paolo , Piccinno Antonio
Published: September 2020

Automation in computing systems has always been considered a valuable solution to unburden the user. Internet of Things (IoT) technology best suits automation in different domains, such as home automation, retail, industry, and transportation, to name but a few. While these domains are strongly characterized by implicit user interaction, more recently, automation has been adopted also for the provision of interactive and immersive experiences that actively involve the users. IoT technology thus becomes the key for Smart Interactive Experiences (SIEs), i.e., immersive automated experiences created by orchestrating different devices to enable smart environments to fluidly react to the final users’ behavior. There are domains, e.g., cultural heritage, where these systems and the SIEs can support and provide several benefits. However, experts of such domains, while intrigued by the opportunity to induce SIEs, are facing tough challenges in their everyday work activities when they are required to automate and orchestrate IoT devices without the necessary coding skills. This paper presents a design approach that tries to overcome these difficulties thanks to the adoption of ontologies for defining Event-Condition-Action rules. More specifically, the approach enables domain experts to identify and specify properties of IoT devices through a user-defined semantics that, being closer to the domain experts’ background, facilitates them in automating the IoT devices behavior. We also present a study comparing three different interaction paradigms conceived to support the specification of user-defined semantics through a “transparent” use of ontologies. Based on the results of this study, we work out some lessons learned on how the proposed paradigms help domain experts express their semantics, which in turn facilitates the creation of interactive applications enabling SIEs.
The hybrid models, containing hydrolytic and electron-driven processes, in theoretical study of oxaliplatin biotransformation
Authors: Kuduk-Jaworska Janina , Jański Jerzy J. , Roszak Szczepan
Published: September 2020

The results of theoretical simulations of reaction paths for oxaliplatin from pro-drug into its active form responsible for cytostatic effect are presented. The studies based on the quantum-chemical density functional theory approach were performed considering environmental influence resulting from the aquation or electron donation. The hybrid mechanisms: hydrolytic mixed with electron driven were found to be the energetically favourable.