bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The rhizodynamics robot: Automated imaging system for studying long-term dynamic root growth
Authors: Rajanala Aradhya , Taylor Isaiah W. , McCaskey Erin , Pierce Christopher , Ligon Jason , Aydin Enes , Hunner Carrie , Carmichael Amanda , Eserman Lauren , Coffee Emily E. D. , Mijar Anupam , Shah Milan , Benfey Philip N. , Goldman Daniel I.
Published: December 2023

The study of plant root growth in real time has been difficult to achieve in an automated, high-throughput, and systematic fashion. Dynamic imaging of plant roots is important in order to discover novel root growth behaviors and to deepen our understanding of how roots interact with their environments. We designed and implemented the Generating Rhizodynamic Observations Over Time (GROOT) robot, an automated, high-throughput imaging system that enables time-lapse imaging of 90 containers of plants and their roots growing in a clear gel medium over the duration of weeks to months. The system uses low-cost, widely available materials. As a proof of concept, we employed GROOT to collect images of root growth of Oryza sativa, Hudsonia montana, and multiple species of orchids including Platanthera integrilabia over six months. Beyond imaging plant roots, our system is highly customizable and can be used to collect time- lapse image data of different container sizes and configurations regardless of what is being imaged, making it applicable to many fields that require longitudinal time-lapse recording.
Intolerance upon statin rechallenge: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Kraut Roni , Wierenga Faith , Molstad Elisa , Korownyk Christina , Perry Danielle , Dennett Liz , Garrison Scott
Published: December 2023

Background

Although statins are often discontinued when myalgia arises, a causal relationship may not always exist. How well-tolerated statins are when rechallenge is blinded and controlled is unclear.

Methods and findings

We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO CRD42023437648) to evaluate the success of statin rechallenge versus matched placebo in those who were previously statin intolerant. Our primary outcome was intolerance; our secondary outcome was the myalgia or global symptom score. Medline, Embase, CINAHL Plus, Scopus, and CENTRAL were searched from inception to May 1, 2023. Eligible trials were randomized controlled trials with parallel or crossover designs examining statin rechallenge in statin-intolerant adults. Two independent reviewers selected studies, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias (Cochrane Collaboration’s risk-of-bias tool 1). Relative risk (RR) and mean difference (MD) were estimated using fixed effect Mantel-Haenszel statistics. Of 1,941 studies screened, 8 met our inclusion criteria (8 to 491 participants from Asia, Europe, North America, and Oceana). Compared to placebo, intolerance was more common in statin users [325/906 (36%) vs 233/911 (26%), RR 1.40, 95% CI, 1.23 to 1.60, I2 = 0%, 7 trials, number needed to harm 10] and there was no statistically significant difference in myalgia or global symptom score on a 100-point scale [MD 1.08, 95% CI, -1.51 to 3.67, I2 = 0%, 5 trials]. Limitations include only 1 trial asking participants about intolerable symptoms (vs inferring intolerance from discontinuation or trial withdrawal); the small number of trials; the possibility of attrition bias; and the potential for carryover effects in crossover/n-of-1 trial designs.

Conclusions

Of those previously intolerant of statins who were rechallenged with a statin and compared to placebo recipients, medication intolerance was more common amongst statin recipients. However, there was no significant difference in mean myalgia or global symptom score between statin and placebo, and only one-third of those previously believed to be statin intolerant were unable to tolerate a statin on blinded rechallenge; one-quarter were intolerant of placebo.
Knowledge and attitudes of primary care physicians regarding childhood hearing loss in Malaysia
Authors: Mazlan Rafidah , Othman Sagshafraa
Published: December 2023

Background

Childhood hearing loss is a significant health concern. Early identification and intervention are essential to maximize hearing potential and developmental outcomes, with primary care physicians (PCPs) playing a pivotal role in this process.

Objectives

This study aimed to assess PCPs’ knowledge and attitudes toward childhood hearing loss, investigate the association between knowledge and attitudes, and examine the influence of demographic factors on PCPs’ knowledge and attitudes towards childhood hearing loss.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted from 30 November 2017 to 30 July 2018 at three public health clinics in Malaysia, specifically in the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, and Terengganu. A self-administered questionnaire assessed PCPs’ knowledge of general facts, diagnosis and intervention, and risk factors for childhood hearing loss. Additionally, the questionnaire evaluated PCPS’ attitudes across cognitive, affective, and behavioural domains regarding childhood hearing loss.

Results

Most participants lacked sufficient knowledge about childhood hearing loss, with 61.4% not seeing it as a major health issue. Almost half (45.9%) didn’t know that children with hearing loss can succeed in regular schools, and 78% were unaware that hearing aids don’t fully restore normal hearing. Participants’ awareness of risk factors varied widely, ranging from 24.6% to 90.3%. Despite these knowledge gaps, participants generally had positive attitudes towards childhood hearing loss, especially in cognitive and behavioural aspects. The study found a strong positive link between knowledge and attitudes, but demographic factors didn’t significantly affect them.

Conclusions

This study highlights the urgent need to address knowledge gaps among Malaysian PCPs regarding childhood hearing loss. While these knowledge gaps exist, PCPs’ positive attitudes form a foundation for developing targeted educational interventions to improve PCPs’ knowledge and skills in managing childhood hearing loss. Collaborative efforts are essential to translate these findings into meaningful improvements in paediatric audiological care.
Untargeted metabolomics analysis reveals the metabolic disturbances and exacerbation of oxidative stress in recurrent spontaneous abortion
Authors: Wu AiNing , Zhao YanHui , Yu RongXin , Zhou JianXing , Tuo Ya
Published: December 2023

Background

Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is characterized by the occurrence of two or more consecutive spontaneous abortions, with a rising prevalence among pregnant women and significant implications for their physical and mental well-being. The multifaceted etiology of RSA has posed challenges in unraveling the molecular mechanisms underlying that underlie its pathogenesis. Oxidative stress and immune response have been identified as pivotal factors in the development of its condition.

Methods

Eleven serum samples from healthy pregnant women and 17 from RSA were subjected to liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. Multivariate statistical analysis was employed to excavate system-level characterization of the serum metabolome. The measurement of seven oxidative stress products, namely superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), malonaldehyde (MDA), glutathione (GPx), glutathione peroxidase (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), heme oxygenase (HO-1), was carried out using ELISA.

Results

Through the monitoring of metabolic and lipid alternations during RSA events, we have identified 816 biomarkers that were implicated in various metabolic pathways, including glutathione metabolism, phosphonate and phosphinate metabolism, nucleotide metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, lysine degradation and purine metabolism, etc. These pathways have been found to be closely associated with the progression of the disease. Our finding indicated that the levels of MDA and HO-1 were elevated in the RSA group compared to the control group, whereas SOD, CAT and GPx exhibited a contrary pattern. However, no slight difference was observed in GSH and GSSG levels between the RSA group and the control group.

Conclusion

The manifestation of RSA elicited discernible temporal alternations in the serum metabolome and biochemical markers linked to the metabolic pathways of oxidative stress and immune response. Our investigation furnished a more comprehensive analytical framework encompassing metabolites and enzymes associated with oxidative stress. This inquiry furnished a more nuanced comprehension of the pathogenesis of RSA and established the ground work for prognostication and prophylaxis.
The development of physical characteristics in adolescent team sport athletes: A systematic review
Authors: Tingelstad Lars M. , Raastad Truls , Till Kevin , Luteberget Live S.
Published: December 2023

Background

Physical development during adolescence is crucial for athletes in team sports, as it prepares them for the high sport demands at the senior level. While physical development in non-athletes are well-documented, a comprehensive understanding of adolescent athletes’ development, including the potential effects of team sports participation and training load, is lacking.

Objectives

The study aimed to investigate the development of physical characteristics in team sport athletes during adolescence (12–20 years) and explore the impact of training load.

Methods

A systematic search of the databases PubMed, SPORTDiscus and Web of Science were conducted combining keywords related to physical characteristics, youth athletes, team sport and study design. Criteria for inclusion were: (1) team sport athletes aged 12–20 years, (2) cross-sectional or longitudinal designs investigating physical characteristics, (3) comparisons across different age groups, (4) peer-reviewed original article, (5) written in English, and (6) available results from physical testing. Results were normalized and weighted based on sample size.

Results

176 eligible articles were identified. The results showed consistent annual improvement in most physical characteristics from 12 to 16 years for both sexes (e.g., boys: lower body strength 14.3%; intermittent endurance 11%; countermovement jump height 6.7%; change of direction 2.8%; 30 m sprint 3.6%, and girls: lower body strength 9.4%; intermittent endurance 12.1%; countermovement jump 4.7%; change of direction 3.3%; 30 m sprint 1.9%). Only 4 studies investigated the effect of training load on physical development.

Conclusions

Although both sexes consistently improved through adolescence, girls tended to have less pronounced physical development compared to boys, likely due to lower increase in lean mass and limb length. The existing evidence do not definitively establish whether team sports participation, compared to studies examining non-athletes, or training load have an additive effect on physical development during this period.
Dietary magnesium, C-reactive protein and interleukin-6: The Strong Heart Family Study
Authors: Rao Nandana D. , Lemaitre Rozenn N. , Sitlani Colleen M. , Umans Jason G. , Haack Karin , Handeland Veronica , Navas-Acien Ana , Cole Shelley A. , Best Lyle G. , Fretts Amanda M.
Published: December 2023

Objectives

To examine the associations of dietary Mg intake with inflammatory biomarkers (C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin 6 (IL-6)), and the interaction of dietary Mg intake with single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs3740393, a SNP related to Mg metabolism and transport, on CRP and IL-6 among American Indians (AIs).

Methods

This cross-sectional study included AI participants (n = 1,924) from the Strong Heart Family Study (SHFS). Mg intake from foods and dietary supplements was ascertained using a 119-item Block food frequency questionnaire, CRP and IL-6 were measured from blood, and SNP rs3740393 was genotyped using MetaboChip. Generalized estimating equations were used to examine associations of Mg intake, and the interaction between rs3740393 and dietary Mg, with CRP and IL-6.

Results

Reported Mg intake was not associated with CRP or IL-6, irrespective of genotype. A significant interaction (p-interaction = 0.018) was observed between Mg intake and rs3740393 on IL-6. Among participants with the C/C genotype, for every 1 SD higher in log-Mg, log-IL-6 was 0.04 (95% CI: -0.10 to 0.17) pg/mL higher. Among participants with the C/G genotype, for every 1 SD higher in log-Mg, log-IL-6 was 0.08 (95% CI: -0.21 to 0.05) pg/mL lower, and among participants with the G/G genotype, for every 1 SD higher in log-Mg, log-IL-6 was 0.19 (95% CI: -0.38 to -0.01) pg/mL lower.

Conclusions

Mg intake may be associated with lower IL-6 with increasing dosage of the G allele at rs3740393. Future research is necessary to replicate this finding and examine other Mg-related genes that influence associations of Mg intake with inflammation.
Predictors of triage pain assessment and subsequent pain management among pediatric patients presenting to the emergency department
Authors: Valani Rahim , Kassam Fazila , Jose Shauna , Hanna Mario , Sharma Tanmay , Sriranjan Jhanahan , Bhathena Yazad , Boodoo Umairah , Agarwal Aashna , Upadhye Suneel
Published: December 2023

Background

Pediatric patients with pain of various causes present to the emergency department. Appropriate assessment and management of pain are important aspects of emergency department treatment. However, only a few studies have identified the predictors of both outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the rate of pain assessment at triage and subsequent management and to identify the predictors of each outcome.

Methods

This was a multi-center retrospective study based at five community emergency departments. Pediatric patients (< 18 years) with pain or injury who presented to the emergency department between February 2018 and May 2018 were included. In addition to patient demographics, the initial pain assessment at triage, reason for visit, and time to analgesia were determined. Further, the type and route of analgesia were identified in patients who received analgesia. Univariate and multivariable regression models were used to identify predictors of pain assessment and management.

Results

There were 4,128 patients with an average age of 9.6 years, and 49.1% of them were female. Only 74.2% of the patients underwent assessment for pain at triage, and 18.3% received analgesia. The median time to analgesia was 95 (IQR: 49–154) min. Most patients presented with head/neck (36.1%), upper limb (21.6%), and lower limb (19.9%) pain. The oral route was the most common analgesia delivery method (67.4%), and ibuprofen and acetaminophen were the primary agents used. Younger age, higher acuity, and presenting with head or neck pain were independent predictors of pain assessment at triage, while children 3–5 years and those with lower extremity pain were more likely to receive analgesia.

Conclusion

Although pain assessment at triage has improved in pediatric patients, there is still a major deficiency in adequate pain management. Our study highlights predictors of pain assessment and management that can be considered for improved pediatric care.
Small apps for digital futures: Podcasting ecology in contemporary China
Authors: Wang Jing
Published: December 2023

This article investigates the complex ecology of podcasting in contemporary China, drawing on 22 in-depth interviews with 26 podcasters, the close reading of two case studies and the mapping of 35 podcasts across different apps and platforms. I examine podcasters’ use of what I call small app infrastructures and other digital platforms to distribute content, build networks and foster community engagement. The research reveals that Chinese podcasters creatively navigate the tensions between their aspirations for autonomy and the constraints imposed by media regulation, censorship and the domination of megacorps and super apps. By highlighting the techno-political contexts of Chinese podcasting and the intricate networks built by podcasters, this study contributes to the growing body of literature on podcasting as a constitutive part of the evolving platform economy and calls for greater attention to podcasters’ efforts to maintain autonomy in an increasingly centralized digital environment.
The Bloomsbury Handbook of Radio, Kathryn Mcdonald and Hugh Chignell (eds) (2023)
Authors: Medhurst Jamie
Published: December 2023

Review of: The Bloomsbury Handbook of Radio, Kathryn Mcdonald and Hugh Chignell (eds) (2023)

London: Bloomsbury, xiii + 547 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-50138-531-5, h/bk, £126

ISBN 978-1-50138-529-2, e-PDF, £100.80

ISBN 978-1-50138-530-8, e-book, £100.80
Finding of the Amanita phalloides in the Akmola region and its distribution in Kazakhstan
Authors: Fedorenko Vasiliy
Published: December 2023

The article presents data on a new finding of the Death cap – Amanita phalloides (Vaill. ex Fr.) Link in Kazakhstan. The species were found in two locations in a mixed forest in the vicinity of the Shchuchinsky village near the Shchuchinsk city. This is the first record of the species for the Akmola region and the fourth location in Kazakhstan. Based on the studied specimens, a clarified description of the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of A. phalloides. Detailed descriptions for specimens from Kazakhstan are provided for the first time. A comparison of the obtained description with literary data did not reveal significant discrepancies. The photographs of the macro- and microcharacteristics of the collected specimens are presented in the article. A number of literary and electronic sources were analyzed, as a result of which a map of the Death cap finds in Kazakhstan and in the adjacent territory of Russia was built. Considering its general distribution, the discovery of the A. phalloides can be expected in other forested areas of the northern and eastern regions of the country in the future. The article discusses the overall distribution of this species in the republic and the likelihood of its appearance as a result of introduction.

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On the occurrence of Sisymbrium orientale (Cruciferae) in Middle Asia
Authors: German Dmitry A. , Ruzimatov Ruzali Yo. , Hoshimov Hushbacht R.
Published: December 2023

The matter of presence of Sisymbrium orientale in the flora of Middle Asia long known in the region based on the single gathering from Turkmenistan is clarified. Occurrence of the species in the latter country is not confirmed because of incorrect identification of relevant collection which belongs to S. septulatum. At the same time, S. orientale is a novelty for the region based on its recent (2023) finding in Uzbekistan first reported here. Alien character of the gathering is proposed and further spread of the species in the Middle Asia is assumed.

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The Modification and Extension of the Equivalence Principle
Authors: Wang Jianan
Published: December 2023

In this article, the strong equivalence principle is analyzed by the gravitational mechanism of etheric pressure, and the conclusion is drawn that an object at rest in a uniform gravitational field of a certain strength is equivalent to moving in a straight line in a uniform etheric space with a certain speed (not a certain acceleration). According to this gravitational mechanism, gravitational field is a scalar (energy) field, and gravity is caused by the asymmetric density distribution of space energy, resulting in the asymmetric etheric pressure on the object at rest in space. The experimental fact of equivalence between gravity fields and velocity (rather than acceleration) in terms of time dilation has proven the equivalence between uniform gravity fields and inertial systems with uniform motion. It further deduces that gravity fields are equivalent to velocity in terms of the increase in the inertial mass effect of objects, and gravity fields are equivalent to velocity in terms of the contraction effect of the electron orbit radius of atoms. The Ether (energy) field with a gradient of field strength generated by a fluid whose flow velocity decreases perpendicular to its motion is equivalent to the gravitational field with a gradient of field strength. Using these modified and extended equivalence principles, the author explains Newton's bucket experiment, the Casimir effect, and explains what reference system the flow rate of fluid in Bernoulli equation is relative to, and why the higher the flow rate is relative to the reference system, the lower the pressure.
A statistical framework for public health analyses: compatibility and surprisal intervals to avoid common misconceptions
Authors: Rovetta Alessandro
Published: December 2023

Misuses and misconceptions about statistical testing are widespread in the field of public health. Specifically, the dichotomous use of the P-value (e.g., deemed significant if P<.05 and non-significant if P>.05), coupled with i) nullism (an obsession with the null hypothesis over other hypotheses), ii) failure to validate the statistical model adopted, iii) failure to distinguish between significance and effect size, and iv) failure to distinguish between statistical and empirical levels, creates an extremely fertile ground for overestimating the level of evidence found and drawing scientifically unfounded or incorrect conclusions. For these reasons, widely acknowledged and discussed in statistical literature, this article proposes a framework that aims to both help the reader understand the epistemological boundaries of the statistical approach and provide a structured workflow for conducting a statistical analysis capable of appropriately informing public health decisions. In this regard, novel concepts of multiple compatibility intervals and multiple surprisal intervals are discussed in detail through straightforward examples.
Nos confins do tempo histórico
Authors: Tavolaro Sergio
Published: December 2023

Interessado nas maneiras pelas quais codificaram os caminhos pretensamente invulgares da formação brasileira e discorreram sobre os impasses de seu ingresso pleno na modernidade, o artigo debruça-se sobre as proposições de Joaquim Nabuco, Silvio Romero, Nina Rodrigues e Euclides da Cunha, a par com as cogitações críticas de Manoel Bomfim. A primeira conjectura que move o trabalho é que, computadas as particularidades de cada obra e autor, suas ideias abrigam-se no interior de certa episteme que articula uma concepção historicista da modernidade com um enquadramento substancialista da experiência brasileira. Em segundo lugar, entendo que essa mesma forma de pensar alicerça-se nos horizontes de percepção de uma temporalidade abstrata e progressiva à luz da qual os alegados atributos distintivos do país e seu correspondente padrão de sociabilidade assumem acepções cronológicas que, de maneira irremediável, ratificam o diagnóstico do estatuto inconcluso da formação nacional e de sua posição tributária na modernidade.
Therapeutic Endoscopy to the Rescue: EUS Gallbladder Drainage and ESD of a Giant Duodenal Polyp
Authors: Chen Bing , Johal Riya , Abdulsamad Molham
Published: December 2023

The role of endoscopy in the management of traditionally surgical conditions continues to evolve. Endoscopic techniques, including endoscopic mucosal resection and more recently endoscopic submucosal dissection, which remove cancerous and precancerous lesions in the gastrointestinal tract, continue to grow in use. In addition, therapeutic endoscopic ultrasound has evolved to include the management of patients with acute cholecystitis. Here, we present an 83-year-old man with acute calculus cholecystitis, who was considered ineligible for cholecystectomy and had a giant duodenal polyp that obstructed the visualization of the duodenal lumen, preventing the successful placement of lumen-apposing metal stents. Volume reduction of a duodenal polyp was performed through epinephrine injection to assist in the successful endoscopic ultrasound-guided gallbladder drainage. Subsequently, the patient underwent elective endoscopic mucosal resection to remove the giant duodenal polyp.
EEG Signal Analysis for Monitoring Concentration of Operators
Authors: Rykała Łukasz
Published: December 2023

Often, operators of machines, including unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) or working machines, are forced to work in unfavourable conditions, e.g. high temperatures continuously for a long period of time. This has a huge impact on their concentration, which usually determines the success of many tasks entrusted to them. Electroencephalography (EEG) allows the study of the electrical activity of the brain. It allows determining, for example, whether the operator is able to focus on the realization of his tasks. The main goal of the article was to develop an algorithm for determining the state of brain activity by analysing the EEG signal. For this purpose, methods of EEG signal acquisition were described, basic types of brain waves were discussed, and exemplary states of brain activity were recorded. Particular attention was paid to technical aspects related to signal analysis. The LabVIEW environment was used to implement the created algorithm. The results of the research showing the operation of the developed EEG signal analyser were also presented.
Environmental literacy, sustainable education and posthumanist pedagogy: teaching the climate crisis in a global, transatlantic online setting
Authors: Volkmann Laurenz , Fraunhofer Hedwig
Published: December 2023

In this article, we aim to contribute to the theoretical conceptualisation and praxis of development education and global learning by engaging with recent discussions in the areas of ecocriticism, ecological literacy and posthumanism. Employing a pedagogical approach that is learner-centred and participatory, and that prepares learners to question dominant, globally relevant social norms, development education and global learning empower learners to be active global citizens. In congruence with this approach, we discuss the transformative pedagogical strategies employed in an innovative transdisciplinary course on the climate crisis jointly offered online by two institutions of higher learning in the US and Germany. We explore the philosophical and pedagogical stakes of this process-oriented, inquiry-based and immersive teaching intervention, and its logistical and organisational parameters, educational goals, course content and methodology, as well as some course specifics and impact. Adopting a critical pedagogical approach to climate change as a central global issue, our conceptualisation blends a focus on critical media skills (ecocriticism) with a posthumanist critique of dominant anthropocentric views of the more-than-human world. Centrally linking ontological, cultural and linguistic diversity in both curriculum design and pedagogy, this approach encourages learners to develop the transcultural skills needed to effect positive change on a local and global scale.
A literature review of content elements in supervision training courses
Authors: Davidsson Eva , Stigmar Martin
Published: December 2023

The main aim of this article is to explore, through a literature review, how five content elements identified in previous research (assessment, communication, ethics, feedback, and learning and supervision theories) are constituted in practical supervision settings and in educational supervision training for post-degree professionals. A further aim is to identify fields of tension in supervision when incorporating the elements in supervision. To address these aims, a literature review was undertaken with a focus on the content elements. The results show that the explored content elements have the potential to not only enhance supervision, but also point to the existence of generic supervision competences, which are valid for several professions. The results also present four fields of tension in supervision settings; these fields of tension imply challenges, such as the tension between theory and practice, and the tension between the supervisee’s autonomy and dependency. Based on the results, the article discusses practical implications for supervision training courses.
El gesto del mueble
Authors: Pantaleón Panaro Carlos
Published: December 2023

Sin desconocer otras manifestaciones del diseño que tuvieron difusión internacional y alcanzaron diferentes niveles de reconocimiento, transformándose en verdaderos íconos, este artículo reflexiona, especialmente, sobre el tema del movimiento de los objetos de mobiliario. 
Más allá del movimiento que pueda tener el objeto en sí, ya sea el que posibilita su traslado de un lugar a otro, o el interno, que le permite reducir o ampliar su tamaño —tales como el plegado, enrollado, giro, balance—, a los efectos de esta reflexión, interesan los casos cuyas formas sugieren movimiento. No se hará referencia, pues, al movimiento propio del objeto, que podrá tenerlo o no, sino al movimiento que evoca su forma, lo anticipa o lo mantiene en suspenso. Estaríamos hablando de un movimiento potencial, una situación del objeto que podría llegar a ocurrir, captado por nuestros sentidos −en particular por la visión— y nuestra imaginación.
Esta condición, planteada como premisa de la investigación, abre el campo de análisis a una serie de objetos en los que se detecta esta propiedad —movimiento potencial o sugerido— alcanzada a través de distintos recursos de diseño asociados por lo general al manejo de la forma.
Adding Technology to the Six-Word Memoir to Foster Belonging in Online Classes
Authors: Goering Elizabeth M.
Published: December 2023

Belonging, or the feeling of being a valued member of a community, has been linked to numerous positive outcomes in higher education. Although creating a sense of belonging at the campus level is important, equally important is fostering belonging in the classroom. Research has shown that belonging is more likely to occur in classes where students connect with one another, feel as if their voices are heard, and engage in repeated positive interactions with their instructor. Meeting these standards can be particularly challenging in online classrooms, but with the strategic use of digital technology, it can be done. In this Quick Hit, I describe how I integrated technology into a classic assignment, the six-word memoir, redesigning and transforming it into a learning activity that can help build a climate of connectedness and belonging in both synchronous and asynchronous online classrooms.
UDL for Inclusive Teaching
Authors: Fleming Erica C
Published: December 2023

This qualitative case study investigates the impact of the universal design for learning (UDL) framework paired with multiple educational technologies on student engagement and sense of inclusion and belonging in the classroom. Research has indicated that a sense of belonging has a direct impact on success among undergraduate students. I saw increased evidence of belonging among students in my class after incorporating choice for my students in all the ways they interact with me, each other, and the course content. This article summarizes the revisions made to the course, the educational technologies used to implement those changes, and qualitative data that supports my hypothesis that a technology-supported UDL approach can have a positive impact on feelings of belonging among college students.
SINTERING CHARACTERISTICS AND THERMAL PROPERTIES OF POROUS CERAMICS BASED ON HYDROPHLOGOPITE AND REFRACTORY CLAYS
Authors: Rumi M. K. , Urazaeva E. M. , Irmatova S. K. , Nurmatov Sh. R. , Zufarov M. A. , Mansurova E. P. , Faiziev Sh. A. , Ziyovaddinov Zh. K.
Published: December 2023

The results of research on the development of compositions of ceramic masses for obtaining effective heat-insulating materials and products are presented. The materials were obtained by pressing using kaolin clays, which differ both in plasticity and in fire resistance. To create a porous structure of the material, a method was used to introduce a porous filler in the form of swollen hydromica developed according to the ferruginous hydrophlogopite type in an amount of 50 wt. %. The apparent density and mechanical strength were studied depending on the pressing pressure, shrinkage during firing. The use of expanded hydromica made it possible to obtain products with a density of up to 1000 kg/m3 while maintaining thermomechanical properties up to 1050 ?C.
ROAD-PURPOSE CERAMIC BRICK FOR PAVING PAVEMENTS IN THE ARAL REGIONS
Authors: Lesovik V. S. , Zagorodniuk L. Kh. , Babaev Z. K. , Djumaniyazov Z. B.
Published: December 2023

Today, in the field of construction, the volume of use of ceramic paving stones is growing from year to year to improve the resistance to environmental influences and the decorative properties of road surfaces of modern buildings and structures. Along with this, it is important to obtain ceramic pavers based on compositions consisting of mineral and technogenic raw materials that prevent premature wear under the influence of a salty environment in regions with high salinity.
All over the world, intensive scientific research is being carried out to develop the production of ceramic paving stones and other related building materials for regions with high humidity and salinity. In research, special attention is paid to improving the process of firing ceramic mass, introducing modifying additives into the composition, developing technologies for obtaining new materials with crystalline structures and the formation of their properties.
SYNTHESIS OF WOLLASTONITE-CONTAINING CERAMICS FROM NATURAL RAW MATERIALS OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS
Authors: Popov R. Yu. , Dyatlova E. M. , Samsonava A. S. , Shymanskaya H. M.
Published: December 2023

Compositions of ceramic masses for obtaining wollastonite-containing ceramics using domestic carbonate and siliceous raw materials were developed. The features of the formation of the structure and phase composition of synthesized ceramic materials in connection with the physicochemical properties and operational characteristics were established. The influence of a mineralizing additive (naturally occurring wollastonite) on the processes of sintering and phase formation was determined, the relationship between the physical-technical and thermophysical properties, the firing temperature and the amount of additive introduced was revealed. The results of the research are of theoretical and practical interest in organizing the production of refractory products based on wollastonite.
INVESTIGATION OF THE STRUCTURAL ADSORPTION PROPERTIES OF A COMPOSITE BASED ON MOLYBDENUM NANOPARTICLES IN A ZEOLITE MATRIX
Authors: Demchuk V. A. , Kalinichenko B. B. , Rozhdestvina V. I. , Bogomazova E. V.
Published: December 2023

The results of the study of the structure and adsorption properties of the Mo/zeolite composite obtained by enriching the zeolite of the Chuguevsky deposit of Primorsky Krai with Mo nanoparticles followed by sintering are presented.
Its phase and elemental compositions are determined. The adsorption-structural characteristics of the composite are investigated using the BET method. In the work, the specific surface area, total pore volume and mesopore size distribution are determined. The results obtained are of interest for the production of catalytically-active materials based on zeolitic raw materials.
REDUCTION OF CRACK FORMATION DURING ABRASIVE TREATMENT WITH DIAMOND PASTES OF SILICON CARBIDE SEMICONDUCTOR PLATES
Authors: Bishutin S. G. , Alekhin S. S.
Published: December 2023

The results of diamond-abrasive treatment of the reverse side of silicon carbide semiconductor plates of polytypes 4H and 6H are presented. Dimensions of surface microcracks of ceramic plates after abrasive treatment with pastes with diamond powder of different grain size are investigated, and also relationship between length of surface microcrack and rate of material removal depending on technological modes of diamond-abrasive treatment is established. As a result, a new method of single-sided abrasion treatment of thin ceramic plates is proposed, which ensures reduction of crack formation.
LASER FORMATION OF LUMINESCENT TRACKS IN BISMUTH-DOPED NANOPOROUS GLASS
Authors: Mikhailov Yu. V. , Lipatiev A. S. , Lipatieva T. O. , Fedotov S. S. , Ziyatdinova M. Z. , Ivanov P. I. , Sigaev V. N.
Published: December 2023

The formation of microtracks in the volume of porous glass samples by femtosecond laser pulses which is of importance for laser writing of active optical waveguides was studied. It was found that impregnation of nanoporous glass in bismuth nitrate solution leads to the appearance of an orange luminescence band under 488 nm light excitation and this luminescence band is enhanced in the laser-wriiten tracks. It is shown that increasing the laser pulse energy to 200 nJ allows increasing the phase contrast of the tracks laser-written in nanoporous glass doped with bismuth compared to the ones formed in nanoporous glass without additives.
ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS OF THE USE OF BATTLE GLASS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF GLASS CONCRETE
Authors: Min?ko N. I. , Bessmertny V. S. , Bondarenko M. A. , Zdorenko N. M. , Isaenko E. V. , Tarasova E. E. , Makarov A. V. , Cherkasоv A. V.
Published: December 2023

The technology of glass concrete based on dispersed container and sheet glass has been developed. It is shown that when Portland cement and cullet are ground together, when a specific surface area of 5890 – 6450 cm2/g and a particle size of 3.4 – 3.6 microns with a dispersed glass content in the composite of 20 – 50 wt. % with hyperplasticizer glass concrete corresponds to class B30 – B40, which meets the requirements of regulatory documents. The microstructure of glass concrete and the features of its dehydration when heated to 1000 °C investigated. Using X-ray phase analysis, it was found that sodium-calcium hydroaluminosilicates such as gmelenite and thomsonite are formed in glass concrete.
INVESTIGATION OF THE CHEMICAL INTERACTION OF HEAT-RESISTANT STEELS WITH ELECTROVACUUM GLASS G93-3M
Authors: Gostev S. D. , Gotz I. Yu. , Nasad T. G.
Published: December 2023

The paper considers the issue of the possible use of stainless steel grade 20Cr23Ni18 and its foreign analogue AISI 310S, instead of steel 12Cr18Ni10T, as a material for the manufacture of a shaping die in the production of glass insulators from electrovacuum glass grade G93-3M, widely used in the radio-electronic industry as cases for magnetic contacts.
It is shown that at working temperatures there is a chemical interaction between both steels and glass of grade G93-3M, which leads to a deterioration in the quality of products due to the appearance of a large number of gas bubbles in it.
It has also been shown that due to additional heat treatment it is possible to reduce the consequences of this chemical interaction, thereby increasing the quality of the resulting product.
INCREASING THE HYDROPHILICITY OF THE SURFACE OF CASTING MODELS WHEN APPLYING A PRIMER LAYER OF CERAMICS WITH A DEVELOPED SURFACE
Authors: Novokreshchennykh E. N. , Uglev N. P.
Published: December 2023

For the manufacture of metal parts of complex shape, the most promising method is casting according to smelted or burnt models. As a smelted material, a complex composition of wax with other organic compounds is used, characterized by high constancy of physico-chemical and mechanical properties, since the accuracy of multiple reproduction of critical parts, for example, the blades of a turbojet engine, depends on it. The wax model is necessary for growing a ceramic shell around it, the accuracy of which is crucial for obtaining a high-quality casting. Since the surface of the wax model is hydrophobic, and the ceramic suspension applied to the model is created on a water basis, a critical factor in the shell manufacturing technology is the ideal wettability of the model surface by the suspension applied to it. Improvement of wettability can be achieved not only by introducing special surfactants into the aqueous phase, but also by changing the properties of the wax surface itself, i.e. giving it the properties of hydrophilicity.
The paper presents a method of physical modification of the wax model surface, which consists in applying a thin layer of ceramic powder on it, which is well wetted with aqueous ceramic suspensions.
SYNTHESIS AND STUDY OF THE OPTICAL AND SPECTRAL-LUMINESCENT PROPERTIES OF LuAG:Ce CERAMICS
Authors: Kravtsov A. A. , Lapin V. A. , Tarala L. V. , Suprunchuk V. E. , Medyanik E. V. , Chapura O. M. , Malyavin F. F.
Published: December 2023

In this study, LuAG:Ce ceramic powders with compositions of Lu2.98Ce0.02Al5O12 and Lu2.93Ce0.07Al5O12 were synthesized using chemical precipitation. Luminescent ceramic samples were then produced from these powders by vacuum sintering green bodies in the temperature range of 1600 – 1800 ?C. The study aimed to investigate the effect of cerium concentration and vacuum sintering temperature on the optical properties of LuAG:Ce ceramics. The spectral luminescence properties of the LuAG:Ce ceramic samples were analyzed. Results showed that the luminescence intensity was dependent on the activator concentration and vacuum sintering temperature. Additionally, a shift in the maxima of the luminescence spectral bands of the LuAG:Ce ceramics was observed when varying the vacuum sintering temperature within the 1600 – 1800 ?C range.
INTEGRATED APPROACH TO STUDYING CERAMIC ARTIFACTS IN KYRGYZSTAN
Authors: Oruzbaeva G. T. , Borisov V. P.
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this article is to apply an integrated research approach for the reconstruction of ceramic production technology in the territory of the Kyrgyz Republic based on the results obtained by modern methods. The paper summarizes for the first time the results of the study of physical-mechanical and physical-chemical properties and an attempt is made to reveal the methods of technical analysis of ceramic artifacts.
An unified scientific approach to ceramics of various periods from the II millennium BC to the X-XII centuries, excavated in Kyrgyzstan, to determine the relationship between their microstructure and physical and mechanical properties. Ceramics technology, like no other industry, requires this kind of research due to the specifics of technical information associated with both natural and social factors.
Lack of solid knowledge in the field of ceramics technology has prevented them from obtaining important information about Kyrgyz history, culture, and economy, which is the subject of their nation-building efforts. However, a comprehensive study of the production technique, types, composition and quality of ceramics would open up completely new prospects for confirming the antiquity of Kyrgyzstan.
Did Russia's Invasion of Ukraine Induce Herding Behavior in the Indian Stock Market?
Authors: KHAN Tabassum , NATCHIMUTHU Natchimuthu , TA Krishna
Published: December 2023

This study empirically examines the herding behavior of the Indian stock market investors during the heightened geopolitical tensions between Russia and Ukraine in 2022.

An intensified Russia-Ukraine geopolitical event window was constructed, and the high-frequency trading data (intraday) of the Nifty index was analyzed using Multifractal Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (MFDFA) to compute the 5th-order Hurst exponent (Hq (5)) that detects herding behavior.

The study's empirical results revealed the presence of profound herding behavior during the intensified Russia-Ukraine geopolitical event window. The study contributes to the existing literature on herding behavior by examining the impact of a geopolitical event on the Indian stock market. Additionally, the study utilizes MFDFA to compute Hurst exponents, a relatively new approach to detecting herding behavior in financial markets.

The findings of this study may assist investors and policymakers in understanding the impact of geopolitical events on financial markets and the potential for herding behavior among investors during times of heightened uncertainty. The study's results demonstrate the interconnectedness of global events and financial markets, highlighting the need for policymakers to consider the potential social and economic consequences of geopolitical events.
Assessment of ALINEA method performance at different loop detector locations using field data and micro-simulation modeling via AIMSUN
Authors: Luaibi Wafaa Khudhair , Leong Lee Vien , Al-Jameel Hamid Athab
Published: December 2023

A ramp metering (RM) or ramp signal is an effective method for traffic management, especially at merging sections in urban expressways. This research aims to assess the Asservissement Linéaire d’Entrée Autoroutière (ALINEA) method performance at different loop detector locations using field data and micro-simulation modeling via advanced interactive microscopic simulator for urban and non-urban networks (AIMSUN). The operation of RM was executed using the ALINEA method. The field data were collected from two locations in Manchester in the UK for calibration and validation in AIMSUN. Occupancy values at different loop detector locations were evaluated. The results indicated that the current simulation model could represent reality to acceptable limits. Increasing the number of detector locations at the merging entrance will decrease the occupancy value. The results showed that the effect of loop detector location is a significant factor in determining the critical occupancy of the merging section. Also, the downstream location is more appropriate for determining the congestion or critical status. The AIMSUN software showed significant consistency in representing field data of merging sections. The minimum value of GEH (Geoffrey E. Havers) that equal to 0.5 has been used to statistically and graphically demonstrate this behavior.
Gamma-ray shielding analysis using the experimental measurements for copper(ii) sulfate-doped polyepoxide resins
Authors: Mahmoud K. A. , Binmujlli Mazen M. , Marashdeh M. W. , Aljaafreh Mamduh J. , Saleh Ahmad , Hanfi M. Y.
Published: December 2023

The present work aims to study the effect of the CuSO4 additive on the physical and radiation-shielding properties of polyepoxide resins. As a result, a series of four samples with the chemical composition xCuSO4 + (100 − x) (epoxy resin and hardener) was synthesized. The fabrication of samples was performed under atmospheric pressure and at room temperature. The density of the fabricated CuSO4-doped polyepoxides resin was measured experimentally using an MH-300A densimeter with an accuracy of 0.001 mg·cm−3. A narrow beam transmission method with an NaI (Tl) detector was used to evaluate and describe the effect of CuSO4 on the linear attenuation coefficient of the fabricated composites in the γ-ray energy interval, which ranged between 33 and 1,332 keV. The estimated results showed a high enhancement in the µ values that increased from 0.259 to 1.749 cm−1, raising the CuSO4 concentration from 0 to 40 wt% at a γ-photon energy of 33 keV. The enhancement in the µ values decreased with an increase in the γ-photon energy to 1,332 keV, whereas the µ values increased from 0.077 to 0.102 cm−1 with an increase in the CuSO4 concentration between 0 and 40 wt%, respectively. This showed that increased µ values positively affected the half-value thickness (Δ
0.5, cm), mean free path (λ, cm), lead equivalent thickness (Δ
eq, cm), and the transmission factor (%); all of the mentioned parameters suffer a considerable decrease with increasing CuSO4 concentration between 0 and 40 wt%.