bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Effects of Types of Early-Stage Entrepreneurial Activity on Subjective Well-Being
Authors: Svetek Mojca , Drnovsek Mateja
Published: April 2021

Entrepreneurial activity has been seen as the single most important activity of individuals due to its role in the economic development of nations. However, little is known about the impact of entrepreneurial activity on the subjective well-being of nations beyond its economic impact. The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of different types of entrepreneurial activity – total entrepreneurial activity, opportunity-driven entrepreneurial activity and innovative entrepreneurial activity – on subjective well-being across nations. We consider three distinct mechanisms by which entrepreneurship may influence subjective well-being at the national level. Our panel data includes representative country-level data from 2008 to 2015 from five different data sources for 31 European countries. We employ four econometric models for analyzing the panel data: pooled OLS regression (POLS), fixed effects model (FE), random effects model (RE), and simultaneous equations model (3SLS). Our results suggest that opportunity-driven entrepreneurial activity has a positive impact on subjective well-being. In addition, we find that subjective well-being affects the level of opportunity-driven and innovative entrepreneurial activity. These findings have implications for policy-makers seeking to promote not only economic development but also subjective well-being in the nation.
How Healthy and Unhealthy Values Predict Hedonic and Eudaimonic Well-Being: Dissecting Value-Related Beliefs and Behaviours
Authors: Bojanowska Agnieszka , Kaczmarek Łukasz D.
Published: April 2021

Despite a strong link between values and well-being, little is known about dimensions moderating this link, e.g., whether individuals who act upon their values experience greater well-being for healthy values (e.g., self-transcendence) and lower well-being for unhealthy values (e.g., self-enhancement). Moreover, research on values and value-related behavior has rarely accounted for hedonic and eudaimonic well-being at the same time. Thus, we aimed to examine how values, value-related behaviors, and their interaction relate to hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. We expected that ‘healthy’ values would correspond with higher well-being and unhealthy values with lower well-being. A community sample representative of young adults (N = 1161) reported their values, value-related behavior, and well-being. We found that for most values, behavior was an additional independent predictor of well-being related either to even more (e.g., self-transcendence) or less (e.g., self-enhancement) positive outcomes. For some values, behavior moderated the link between beliefs and well-being by boosting (self-transcendence) or suppressing it (conservation). We also found different links between hedonic versus eudaimonic well-being, e.g., self-enhancement and openness to change. This study presents the importance of asking about value-related beliefs, behaviors, their congruence, and specific facets of well-being when analyzing the value and well-being link. We conclude that some values are best for well-being when they remain passive, with little accompanying behaviors (self-enhancement or conservation), whereas others provide more benefits when individuals act upon them (self-transcendence).
Virtual Seminar on Coronavirus 2019 for the US-Mexico Border Region: Building Opportunities for Communication and Collaboration
Authors: Aceves Benjamin , Lopez-Galvez Nicolas , Rangel Gudelia , Gonzalez-Fagoaga Eduardo , Zapata-Garibay Rogelio , Rosales Cecilia
Published: April 2021

While the US-Mexico border region has had increasing restrictions due to coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), the economically and socially integrated region continues to facilitate necessary movement between the two countries. Binational partners representing universities, government, and health delivery worked together to develop a COVID-19 Virtual Seminar for the US-Mexico Border Region, which consisted of weekly sessions in Spanish designed to better facilitate communication and collaborative systems between border states. In total 835 participants registered for the virtual seminar with attendance ranging from 394 in Session 1 to 269 in Session 6. From evaluation surveys (n = 297), organizers observed a large plurality of healthcare professionals, followed by students, researchers, and government employees. The seminar’s contribution to increasing collaborative and communication systems identified major needs in the region surrounding surveillance and monitoring; increased resources for migrant shelters to control outbreaks; an increase in personal protective equipment; tracking binational cases.
Probabilistic constrained optimization on flow networks
Authors: Schuster Michael , Strauch Elisa , Gugat Martin , Lang Jens
Published: April 2021

Uncertainty often plays an important role in dynamic flow problems. In this paper, we consider both, a stationary and a dynamic flow model with uncertain boundary data on networks. We introduce two different ways how to compute the probability for random boundary data to be feasible, discussing their advantages and disadvantages. In this context, feasible means, that the flow corresponding to the random boundary data meets some box constraints at the network junctions. The first method is the spheric radial decomposition and the second method is a kernel density estimation. In both settings, we consider certain optimization problems and we compute derivatives of the probabilistic constraint using the kernel density estimator. Moreover, we derive necessary optimality conditions for an approximated problem for the stationary and the dynamic case. Throughout the paper, we use numerical examples to illustrate our results by comparing them with a classical Monte Carlo approach to compute the desired probability.
Genetic Diversity and Population Assessment of Musa L. (Musaceae) Employing CDDP Markers
Authors: Igwe David Okeh , Ihearahu Onyinye Constance , Osano Anne Adhiambo , Acquaah George , Ude George Nkem
Published: April 2021

Sixty-six accessions ofMusagenus with different genomic groups that consisted of wild relatives and cultivated lines were obtained from the International Transit Center, Belgium, for DNA extraction using Cetyl trimethylammonium bromide method, followed by amplification with Conserved DNA-derived Polymorphism (CDDP) markers for genetic diversity and population assessment. A total of 421 alleles with major allele frequency of 2.051 were detected from the reproducible markers. High genetic diversity (GD, 11.093) and polymorphic information content (0.918) were revealed. The number of polymorphic loci and percentage of polymorphic loci ranged from 59 to 66 and 89.34 to 100, respectively. Using the potential genetic indicators including effective number of alleles, Nei’s genetic diversity, and Shannon’s information index, the AS genomic group was identified to have the highest GD, while the AAA accessions had the lowest GD indices. The GD parameters identified in the accessions were ranked as AS > AAB > AAAA > AA > ABB > wild diploidy > BB > AB > AAA from high to low based on polymorphic loci of the markers. Total intraspecific GD, interspecific GD, and estimate gene flow identified were 0.433, 0.404, and 7.113, respectively. The coefficient of gene differentiation of 0.066 was obtained, indicating 6.57% among the population and 93.43% within the population. Dendrogram analysis produced nine major groups with subgroups at similarity index of 0.814. These CDDP functional gene-based markers were informative and very efficient in resolving GD, and population indices among the banana and plantain accessions of different genomes. The identified CDDP markers might serve as potential tools for selecting suitable training populations for breeding and conservation ofMusaspecies.
Scientific conclusions need not be accurate, justified, or believed by their authors
Authors: Dang Haixin , Bright Liam Kofi
Published: April 2021

We argue that the main results of scientific papers may appropriately be published even if they are false, unjustified, and not believed to be true or justified by their author. To defend this claim we draw upon the literature studying the norms of assertion, and consider how they would apply if one attempted to hold claims made in scientific papers to their strictures, as assertions and discovery claims in scientific papers seem naturally analogous. We first use a case study of William H. Bragg’s early twentieth century work in physics to demonstrate that successful science has in fact violated these norms. We then argue that features of the social epistemic arrangement of science which are necessary for its long run success require that we do not hold claims of scientific results to their standards. We end by making a suggestion about the norms that it would be appropriate to hold scientific claims to, along with an explanation of why the social epistemology of science—considered as an instance of collective inquiry—would require such apparently lax norms for claims to be put forward.
Genetic diversity analysis of Chinese plum (Prunus salicina L.) based on whole-genome resequencing
Authors: Wei Xiao , Shen Fei , Zhang Qiuping , Liu Ning , Zhang Yuping , Xu Ming , Liu Shuo , Zhang Yujun , Ma Xiaoxue , Liu Weisheng
Published: April 2021

Chinese plum (Prunus salicina L.), also known as Japanese plum, is gaining importance because of its extensive genetic diversity and nutritional attributes that are beneficial for human health. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the most abundant form of genomic polymorphisms and are widely used in population genetics research. In this study, we constructed high-quality SNPs through whole-genome resequencing of 67 Prunus accessions with a depth of ~20× to evaluate the genome-level diversity and population structure. Phylogenetic analysis, principal component analysis, and population structure profiling indicated that the 67 plum accessions could be classified into four groups corresponding to their origin location, the southern cultivar group (SCG), the northern cultivar group (NCG), the foreign cultivar group (FG), and the mixed cultivar group (MG). Some cultivars from South China clustered with the other three groups. The genetic diversity indices including private allele number, observed heterozygosity, expected heterozygosity, and the nucleotide diversity of the SCG were higher than those of the NCG. Gene flow from the SCG to FG was also detected. Based on the distribution of wild resources, we concluded that the domestication center of origin of the Chinese plum was southwestern China. This study also provided genetic variation features and the population structure of Chinese plum cultivars, laying a foundation for breeders to use diverse germplasm and allelic variants to improve Chinese plum varieties.
The Reception of Chaucer's Shorter Poems, 1400–1450
Authors: Doyle Kara A.
Published: April 2021

First full-length study of what the manuscript contexts can reveal about early reactions to Chaucer, and in particular his treatment of women.
Supreme Site Services v. Shape (C.J.E.U.)
Authors: Sleiman Salim S.
Published: April 2021

On September 3, 2020, following a request from the Dutch Supreme Court, the First Chamber of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) rendered its preliminary ruling in Supreme Site Services and Others v. SHAPE on the interpretation of Articles 1(1) and 24(5) of the European Union (EU) Regulation 1215/2012 on jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters (Recast Brussels Regulation).
Disruptures in the Dental Ethos: The Birth, Life, & Neoliberal Retirement of Norms in Advertising & Corporatization
Authors: Cajee Na’eel
Published: April 2021

This paper argues that the trends in advertising and corporatization in dentistry since the 1970s have resulted in processes of de-professionalization and de-regulation, respectively.
THE BEGINNING OF THE IRON AGE AT ARSLANTEPE: A14C PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Manuelli Federico , Vignola Cristiano , Marzaioli Fabio , Passariello Isabella , Terrasi Filippo
Published: April 2021

The Iron Age chronology at Arslantepe is the result of the interpretation of Luwian hieroglyphic inscriptions and archaeological data coming from the site and its surrounding region. A new round of investigations of the Iron Age levels has been conducted at the site over the last 10 years. Preliminary results allowed the combination of the archaeological sequence with the historical events that extended from the collapse of the Late Bronze Age empires to the formation and development of the new Iron Age kingdoms. The integration into this picture of a new set of radiocarbon (14C) dates is aimed at establishing a more solid local chronology. High precision14C dating by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) and its correlation with archaeobotanical analysis and stratigraphic data are presented here with the purpose of improving our knowledge of the site’s history and to build a reliable absolute chronology of the Iron Age. The results show that the earliest level of the sequence dates to ca. the mid-13th century BC, implying that the site started developing a new set of relationships with the Levant already before the breakdown of the Hittite empire, entailing important historical implications for the Syro-Anatolian region at the end of the 2nd millennium BC.
UNIFORM LOWER BOUND AND LIOUVILLE TYPE THEOREM FOR FRACTIONAL LICHNEROWICZ EQUATIONS
Authors: DUONG ANH TUAN , NGUYEN VAN HOANG , NGUYEN THI QUYNH
Published: April 2021

We study the fractional parabolic Lichnerowicz equation

$$ \begin{align*} v_t+(-\Delta)^s v=v^{-p-2}-v^p \quad\mbox{in } \mathbb R^N\times\mathbb R \end{align*} $$
where
$p>0$
and

$ 0<s<1 $
. We establish a Liouville-type theorem for positive solutions in the case

$p>1$
and give a uniform lower bound of positive solutions when

$0
0$
and

$0<s<1$
. This extends the result of Brézis [‘Comments on two notes by L. Ma and X. Xu’, C. R. Math. Acad. Sci. Paris349(5–6) (2011), 269–271] to the fractional Laplacian.
Did Terrorism Affect Voting in the Brexit Referendum?
Authors: Bove Vincenzo , Efthyvoulou Georgios , Pickard Harry
Published: April 2021

This article contributes to the recent research on Brexit and public opinion formation by contending that the determinants of the referendum results should be evaluated against the background of wider public security concerns. The British public has long regarded terrorism as a top concern, more so than in any other European country. Terrorist attacks on UK soil raised voters' awareness of security issues and their saliency in the context of the EU referendum. The study finds that locations affected by terrorist violence in their proximity exhibit an increase in the share of pro-Remain votes, particularly those that experienced more sensational attacks. Using individual-level data, the results show that in the aftermath of terrorist attacks, citizens are more likely to reconsider the security risks involved in leaving the EU.
Geometric Attributes of Polygonal Crack Patterns in Columnar Joints
Authors: Akiba Y. , Takashima A. , Inoue A. , Ishidaira H. , Shima H.
Published: April 2021

A well‐ordered polygonal crack pattern is frequently observed on the outcrop surface of columnar joints. The crack pattern's geometry and topology result from the volume contraction of solidified lava during thermal dissipation. In this study, we conducted field measurements of columnar joints at four different sites with various lithologies in Japan to understand the influence of geography and lithological character on their geometric characteristics. Drone‐aided photography and computer‐based image analysis enabled us to examine the constituent polygons' geometric attributes and their statistics with high accuracy. This methodology revealed a relationship between the geometry and topology of the polygonal crack patterns. Moreover, we established a positive correlation between the polygon area and the number of vertices of a polygon at each study site, irrespective of lithology, or geographic position. These results are consistent with previous investigational studies, in particular starch‐based analog experiments.
Exploring the Suitability of Ecosystem Metabolomes to Assess Imprints of Brownification and Nutrient Enrichment on Lakes
Authors: Fonvielle Jeremy A. , Giling Darren P. , Dittmar Thorsten , Berger Stella A. , Nejstgaard Jens C. , Lyche Solheim Anne , Gessner Mark O. , Grossart Hans‐Peter , Singer Gabriel
Published: April 2021

Loadings of colored dissolved organic matter (cDOM) and nutrients affect lake ecosystem functioning in opposite ways, rendering assessments of combined effects challenging. We used the “ecosystem metabolome” as a conceptual framework to overcome this problem by characterizing the chemically diverse pool of DOM in lakes. The underlying rationale is that the diversity of dissolved metabolites bears the legacy of allochthonous inputs, autochthonous primary production, and a wealth of organic matter transformations resulting from microbial or photodegradation. Our objective was to assess whether high‐resolution mass‐spectrometric analyses can unlock that information on DOM origin and transformation pathways as well as environmental drivers imprinting the lake ecosystem metabolome. We performed a large‐scale enclosure experiment to assess the influences of brownification and nutrient enrichment on the composition and diversity of DOM, and a complementary bottle incubation to isolate the effect of photodegradation. For validation, we assessed whether the same patterns emerge from published observational data from 109 Swedish lakes. Ultra‐high‐resolution mass spectrometry distinguished ∼3000 metabolites in solid‐phase extracts of lake water. Network analysis revealed five metabolite clusters that could be related to different source processes based on molecular weight, position in van Krevelen diagrams and assignment to molecular categories (peptides, lipids, etc.). Emergent DOM properties such as molecular diversity provided insights into the processes generating each of the five DOM clusters. Overall, our data suggest that the thousands of molecular formulas comprising ecosystem metabolomes of lakes arise from few major processes and reflect imprints of environmental drivers such as brownification and nutrient enrichment.
Simulation and Analysis of Geomagnetically Induced Current Levels in Shandong Power Grid
Authors: Wang Han , Xing Zan‐Yang , Balan Nanan , Wang Yan‐Ling , Zhang Qing‐He , Liang Li‐Kai
Published: April 2021

Geomagnetically induced current (GIC) in utility systems such as electric power grids occurring during extreme geomagnetic storms can exceed the tolerance limit of the systems, which can cause serious system damages. It has therefore been important to evaluate the GIC levels in the utility systems. This study presents the simulation and analysis of GIC levels in the Shandong 500 kV power grid system consisting of 34 substations under a variety of uniform induced geoelectric fields. The line type, substation grounding resistance, and other influencing factors are included in the simulations. The results show that the GIC level varies largely in the 34 substations. In 11 substations, the GIC exceeds 100 A and it reaches up to ∼200 A in two substations for an assumed 1 V/km induced electric field. The changes in the GIC distribution are found consistent with the direction changes of the electric field. Utilizing the directional sensitivity, we calculate the maximum GIC level for the optimum direction for all substations. By combining this information with statistical tools, we propose a method for identifying the key substations which are most vulnerable. The result can provide suggestions for GIC disaster prevention and mitigation, substation site selection, monitoring equipment installation, and so on, in Shandong province.
Tracing Water from River to Aquifer
Authors: Sidder Aaron
Published: April 2021

A new technique using dissolved noble gas tracers sheds light on how water moves through an aquifer, with implications for water resources and their vulnerability to climate change.
Wolfram-like syndrome with bicuspid aortic valve due to a homozygous missense variant in CDK13
Authors: Acharya Anushree , Raza Syed Irfan , Anwar Muhammad Zeeshan , Bharadwaj Thashi , Liaqat Khurram , Khokhar Muhammad Akram Shahzad , Everard Jenna L. , Nasir Abdul ,   University of Washington Center for Mendelian Genomics, Nickerson Deborah A. , Bamshad Michael J. , Ansar Muhammad , Schrauwen Isabelle , Ahmad Wasim , Leal Suzanne M.
Published: April 2021

Background

Wolfram syndrome (WFS) is characterized by deafness, diabetes mellitus, and diabetes insipidus along with optic atrophy. WFS has an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance and is due to variants in WFS1 and CISD2.

Methods

We evaluated the underlying molecular etiology of three affected members of a consanguineous family with hearing impairment, bicuspid aortic valve, diabetes mellitus and insipidus, clinodactyly, and gastrointestinal tract abnormalities via exome sequencing approach. We correlated clinical and imaging data with the genetic findings and their associated phenotypes.

Results

We identified a homozygous missense variant p.(Asn1097Lys) in CDK13, a gene previously associated with autosomal dominant congenital heart defects, dysmorphic facial features, clinodactyly, gastrointestinal tract abnormalities, intellectual developmental disorder, and seizures with variable phenotypic features.

Conclusion

We report a homozygous variant in CDK13 and suggest that this gene causes an autosomal recessive disorder with hearing impairment, bicuspid aortic valve, diabetes mellitus and insipidus, clinodactyly, and gastrointestinal tract abnormalities.
Evolution of genetic networks for human creativity
Authors: Zwir I. , Del-Val C. , Hintsanen M. , Cloninger K. M. , Romero-Zaliz R. , Mesa A. , Arnedo J. , Salas R. , Poblete G. F. , Raitoharju E. , Raitakari O. , Keltikangas-Järvinen L. , de Erausquin G. A. , Tattersall I. , Lehtimäki T. , Cloninger C. R.
Published: April 2021

The genetic basis for the emergence of creativity in modern humans remains a mystery despite sequencing the genomes of chimpanzees and Neanderthals, our closest hominid relatives. Data-driven methods allowed us to uncover networks of genes distinguishing the three major systems of modern human personality and adaptability: emotional reactivity, self-control, and self-awareness. Now we have identified which of these genes are present in chimpanzees and Neanderthals. We replicated our findings in separate analyses of three high-coverage genomes of Neanderthals. We found that Neanderthals had nearly the same genes for emotional reactivity as chimpanzees, and they were intermediate between modern humans and chimpanzees in their numbers of genes for both self-control and self-awareness. 95% of the 267 genes we found only in modern humans were not protein-coding, including many long-non-coding RNAs in the self-awareness network. These genes may have arisen by positive selection for the characteristics of human well-being and behavioral modernity, including creativity, prosocial behavior, and healthy longevity. The genes that cluster in association with those found only in modern humans are over-expressed in brain regions involved in human self-awareness and creativity, including late-myelinating and phylogenetically recent regions of neocortex for autobiographical memory in frontal, parietal, and temporal regions, as well as related components of cortico-thalamo-ponto-cerebellar-cortical and cortico-striato-cortical loops. We conclude that modern humans have more than 200 unique non-protein-coding genes regulating co-expression of many more protein-coding genes in coordinated networks that underlie their capacities for self-awareness, creativity, prosocial behavior, and healthy longevity, which are not found in chimpanzees or Neanderthals.
Impact of chronic respiratory diseases on re-intubation rate in critically ill patients: a cohort study
Authors: Shen Yanfei , Ru Weizhe , Huang Xinmei , Chen Shangzhong , Yan Jing , Yang Zhouxin , Cai Guolong
Published: April 2021

Chronic respiratory diseases’ (CRDs) impact on re-intubation rate remains unclear. We investigated the association between these factors in mechanically ventilated patients. Data were extracted from the freely available online Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III database. CRDs were defined according to ICD-9 codes. Generalised linear regression and propensity score matching were performed. Of 13,132 patients, 7.9% required re-intubation. Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) had higher re-intubation (OR 2.48, 95% CI 1.83–3.33) and mortality rates (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.15–2.34) than those without. Patients with asthma had a lower mortality rate (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.43–0.92) but a similar re-intubation rate to those of patients without. These findings remained stable after propensity score matching and bootstrapping analysis. The association of COPD with re-intubation was significantly stronger in patients with high oxygen-partial pressure (PaO2) or mild disease severity but was independent of carbon dioxide partial pressure. Corticosteroid use was associated with increased re-intubation rates in subgroups without CRDs (OR 1.77–1.99, p < 0.001) but not in subgroups with CRDs. COPD patients with high post-extubation PaO2 or mild disease severity should be carefully monitored as they have higher re-intubation and mortality rates.
Fatty liver index is independently associated with deterioration of renal function during a 10-year period in healthy subjects
Authors: Takahashi Satoko , Tanaka Marenao , Furuhashi Masato , Moniwa Norihito , Koyama Masayuki , Higashiura Yukimura , Osanami Arata , Gocho Yufu , Ohnishi Hirofumi , Numata Keita , Hisasue Takashi , Hanawa Nagisa , Miura Tetsuji
Published: April 2021

A potential link between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been suggested. We investigated the relationship between fatty liver index (FLI), a noninvasive and simple predictor of NAFLD, and the development of CKD defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or positive for urinary protein during a 10-year follow-up period in subjects who received annual health examinations (n = 28,890). After exclusion of CKD at baseline, a total of 14,163 subjects (male/female: 9077/5086) were recruited. During the 10-year period, 1458 males (16.1%) and 737 females (14.5%) had new onset of CKD. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models with a restricted cubic spline showed that hazard ratios (HRs) of CKD development increased with a higher FLI at baseline in both males and females after adjustment of confounders. When divided by tertiles of FLI level at baseline (T1 ~ T3), the adjusted risk of CKD development in the T3 group (HR [95% confidence interval], male/female: 1.33 [1.16–1.54]/1.33 [1.08–1.63]) was significantly higher than that in both sexes in the T1 group as the reference. The addition of FLI into traditional risk factors significantly improved the discriminatory capability for predicting CKD. In conclusion, a high level of FLI predicts the development of CKD in both sexes in a general population.
Author Correction: The effect of changes in cardiovascular activity on corneal biomechanics and pulsation in rabbits
Authors: Antończyk Agnieszka , Kubiak-Nowak Dominika , Borawski Wojciech , Kiełbowicz Zdzisław , Danielewska Monika E.
Published: April 2021

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Author Correction: Graphene oxide and its derivatives as promising In-vitro bio-imaging platforms
Authors: Esmaeili Yasaman , Bidram Elham , Zarrabi Ali , Amini Abbas , Cheng Chun
Published: April 2021

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Author Correction: Water-flooding characteristics of lithologic reservoir in Ordos basin
Authors: He Jie , Liu Xiaodong , Zhu Xinyu , Jiang Tao , He Hui , Zhou Lin , Liu Qinghai , Zhu Yushuang , Liu Linyu
Published: April 2021

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Author Correction: Effect of isometric exercises on the masseter muscle in older adults with missing dentition: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Takano Satoru , Yamaguchi Kohei , Nakagawa Kazuharu , Yoshimi Kanako , Nakane Ayako , Okumura Takuma , Tohara Haruka
Published: April 2021

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Real-time monitoring of crystallization from solution by using an interdigitated array electrode sensor
Authors: Tong Jincheng , Doumbia Amadou , Turner Michael L. , Casiraghi Cinzia
Published: April 2021

An Interdigitated array Electrode sensor (IES) is used for real-time monitoring of the crystallization dynamics of organic molecules, achieving a temporal resolution of 15 ms.
Single-pot enzymatic synthesis of cancer-associated MUC16 O-glycopeptide libraries and multivalent protein glycoconjugates: a step towards cancer glycovaccines
Authors: Freitas Rui , Relvas-Santos Marta , Azevedo Rita , Soares Janine , Fernandes Elisabete , Teixeira Beatriz , Santos Lúcio Lara , Silva André M. N. , Ferreira José Alexandre
Published: April 2021

Glycosyltransferases and nucleotide sugars are combined in single-pot settings to synthesize a library of cancer-associated MUC16 O-glycopeptides and multivalent protein glycoconjugates foreseeing future development of cancer glycovaccines.
Lowly-aggregated perylene diimide as a near-infrared electrochemiluminescence luminophore for ultrasensitive immunosensors at low potentials
Authors: Wang Yunyun , Li Yanmo , Zhang Wei , Yin Peng , Shang Lei , Ma Rongna , Jia Liping , Xue Qingwang , He Shuijian , Wang Huaisheng
Published: April 2021

A lowly-aggregated perylene diimide molecule with a low-trigging potential and near-infrared wavelength was designed for the ultrasensitive electrochemiluminescence immunoassay of tumor markers.
Chemiluminescent self-reported unfolding of single-chain nanoparticles
Authors: Bloesser Fabian R. , Walden Sarah L. , Irshadeen Ishrath M. , Chambers Lewis C. , Barner-Kowollik Christopher
Published: April 2021

We demonstrate the light-induced, crosslinker mediated collapse of linear polymer chains into single-chain nanoparticles (SCNPs) capable of self-reporting their unfolding.
Relieving the stress together: annulation of two different strained rings towards the formation of biologically significant heterocyclic scaffolds
Authors: Ghosh Asit , Dey Raghunath , Banerjee Prabal
Published: April 2021

The concept of using strain-driven reactivity of two different small molecules in combination is quite fascinating and opens a new direction for diverse heterocycle synthesis.
Acyl fluorides as direct precursors to fluoride ketyl radicals: reductive deuteration using SmI2 and D2O
Authors: Li Hengzhao , Peng Mengqi , Lai Zemin , Ning Lei , Chen Xingyue , Zhang Xiaoxu , Wang Pengjie , Szostak Roman , Szostak Michal , An Jie
Published: April 2021

A highly chemoselective reductive deuteration of acyl fluorides to provide α,α-dideuterio alcohols using SmI2 and D2O as the deuterium source was developed.
A one-pot “back-to-front” approach for the synthesis of benzene ring substituted indoles using allylboronic acids
Authors: Karan Ganesh , Sahu Samrat , Maji Modhu Sudan
Published: April 2021

Synthesis of only benzene ring functionalized indoles and poly-substituted carbazoles is reported via a one-pot triple cascade benzannulation protocol using allylboronic acids.
Atom-transfer radical addition of fluoroalkyl bromides to alkenes via a photoredox/copper catalytic system
Authors: Kostromitin Vladislav S. , Zemtsov Artem A. , Kokorekin Vladimir A. , Levin Vitalij V. , Dilman Alexander D.
Published: April 2021

A method for the addition of fluorinated alkyl bromides to alkenes is described.
Correction: Electrode-adsorption activates trans-[Cr(cyclam)Cl2]+ for electrocatalytic nitrate reduction
Authors: Braley Sarah E. , Ashley Daniel C. , Kulesa Krista M. , Jakubikova Elena , Smith Jeremy M.
Published: April 2021

Correction for ‘Electrode-adsorption activates trans-[Cr(cyclam)Cl2]+ for electrocatalytic nitrate reduction’ by Sarah E. Braley et al., Chem. Commun., 2020, 56, 603–606, DOI: 10.1039/C9CC08550E.
Investigation of copper nanoscale electro-crystallization under directed and non-directed electrodeposition from dilute electrolytes
Authors: Aarts Mark , van Vliet Stefan , Bliem Roland , Alarcon-Llado Esther
Published: April 2021

In situ and ex situ atomic force microscopy was used to investigate crystal growth in copper electro-crystallization localized and directed by a moving nanoelectrode in close proximity to a gold substrate in a highly dilute electrolyte.
The design of anion–π interactions and hydrogen bonds for the recognition of chloride, bromide and nitrate anions
Authors: Orenha Renato Pereira , da Silva Vanessa Borges , Caramori Giovanni Finoto , Piotrowski Maurício Jeomar , Nagurniak Glaucio Regis , Parreira Renato Luis Tame
Published: April 2021

Anions appear in numerous biological processes. The adaptation of anthracene–squaramide conjugated molecules to produce structures with the relevant abilities for controlling the recognition of anions has been performed based on DFT calculations.
Influence of the stacking sequence on layered-chalcogenide properties: first principles investigation of Pb2Bi2Te5
Authors: Ma Weiliang , Record Marie-Christine , Tian Jing , Boulet Pascal
Published: April 2021

Pb2Bi2Te5: a layered chalcogenide with thermoelectric figure of merit strongly affected by the change in the stacking sequence.
Electromechanically active pair dynamics in a Gd-doped ceria single crystal
Authors: Santucci Simone , Zhang Haiwu , Kabir Ahsanul , Marini Carlo , Sanna Simone , Han Jyn Kyu , Ulbrich Gregor , Heppke Eva Maria , Castelli Ivano E. , Esposito Vincenzo
Published: April 2021

Oxygen-defective ceria,e.g.Gd-doped ceria, shows giant electromechanical properties related to a complex local rearrangement of its lattice.
A quantum chemical study on the effects of varying the central metal in extended photosynthetic pigments
Authors: Komatsu Yu , Takizawa Kenji
Published: April 2021

This study is the first attempt to evaluate the physical and chemical properties of model photosynthetic pigments and their potential to function in a variety of light environments using quantum chemistry calculations.
Correction: A kinetics study on hydrogen abstraction reactions of cyclopentane by hydrogen, methyl, and ethyl radicals
Authors: Chen Wenqi , Guo Xuan , Chen Lifang , Zhang Ruiming , Li Yan , Feng Haisong , Xu Xuefei , Zhang Xin
Published: April 2021

Correction for ‘A kinetics study on hydrogen abstraction reactions of cyclopentane by hydrogen, methyl, and ethyl radicals’ by Wenqi Chen et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2021, 23, 7333–7342, DOI: 10.1039/D1CP00386K.
Development and characterization of a new in-house reference material for stable carbon and oxygen isotopes analyses
Authors: Crivellari Stefano , Viana Patrícia Junia , Campos Marília de Carvalho , Kuhnert Henning , Machado Lopes Alyne Barros , Cruz Francisco William da , Chiessi Cristiano Mazur
Published: April 2021

We describe the characterization of a newly produced reference material, the SHP2L. It is made of virtually pure calcite and of uniform isotopic composition, suitable for stable carbon and oxygen isotope analyses.
Synthesis of a bis[2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)benzoxazole]pyridinium derivative: the fluoride-induced large spectral shift for ratiometric response
Authors: Abeywickrama Chathura S. , Pang Yi
Published: April 2021

A highly sensitive probe for the detection of fluoride by triggered NIR emission.
Functionalization of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridinesviaradical reactions
Authors: Ma Chun-Hua , Chen Ming , Feng Zhi-Wen , Zhang Yan , Wang Jin , Jiang Yu-Qin , Yu Bing
Published: April 2021

The recent advances in radical reactions for the direct functionalization of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines are reviewed.
Silver chromate doped Ti-based metal organic framework: synthesis, characterization, and electrochemical and selective photocatalytic reduction properties
Authors: Abdelhameed Reda M. , Al Kiey Sherief A. , Wassel Ahmed R. , El-Shahat Mahmoud
Published: April 2021

Ag2CrO4@NH2-MIL-125 has excellent not only photocatalytic activity toward nitroaniline selective reduction but also electrochemical properties.
Understanding the molecular mechanism of the stereoselective conversion of N-trialkylsilyloxy nitronates into bicyclic isoxazoline derivatives
Authors: Kącka-Zych Agnieszka , Jasiński Radomir
Published: April 2021

The conversion of N-trialkylsilyloxy nitronates into bicyclic isoxazoline derivatives has been explored using the density functional theory method within the context of molecular electron density theory at the ωB97XD(PCM)/6-311G(d,p) level.
Aliphatic carboxylic acid as a hydrogen-bond donor for converting CO2 and epoxide into cyclic carbonate under mild conditions
Authors: Wang Zheng , Wang Yajun , Xie Qianjie , Fan Zhiying , Shen Yehua
Published: April 2021

The catalytic systems of aliphatic carboxylic acids/quaternary ammonium halides could efficiently convert the coupling of CO2 and epoxide into cyclic carbonates under mild conditions (80 °C and 4 bar CO2).
Fight against COVID-19 pandemic with the help of carbon-based nanomaterials
Authors: Mallakpour Shadpour , Azadi Elham , Hussain Chaudhery Mustansar
Published: April 2021

We have considered the newest momentous outcomes in carbon-based nanomaterials for utility in controlling and fighting the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
Iminosugars as glycosyltransferase inhibitors
Authors: Conforti Irene , Marra Alberto
Published: April 2021

The review describes the syntheses and inhibition properties of pyrrolidine, piperidine, azepane, pyrrolizidine and indolizidine iminosugars, as well as iminosugar nucleotides and iminodi- and -oligosaccharides.
CF3SO3H-enabled cascade ring-opening/dearomatization of indole derivatives to polycyclic heterocycles
Authors: Yao Zhengdong , Feng Huangdi , Xi Hui , Xi Chuanjun , Liu Weiping
Published: April 2021

A novel dearomatization process to produce fused polycyclic indolines via a CF3SO3H-mediated cascade ring-opening of a β-lactam and hydroaminative cyclization is demonstrated.
Insights into the mismatch discrimination mechanism of Y-family DNA polymerase Dpo4
Authors: Jung Hunmin , Lee Seongmin
Published: April 2021

Nucleobases within DNA are attacked by reactive oxygen species to produce 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (oxoG) and 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoadenine (oxoA) as major oxidative lesions. The high mutagenicity of oxoG is attributed to the lesion's ability to adopt syn-oxoG:anti-dA with Watson–Crick-like geometry. Recent studies have revealed that Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4) inserts nucleotide opposite oxoA in an error-prone manner and accommodates syn-oxoA:anti-dGTP with Watson–Crick-like geometry, highlighting a promutagenic nature of oxoA. To gain further insights into the bypass of oxoA by Dpo4, we have conducted kinetic and structural studies of Dpo4 extending oxoA:dT and oxoA:dG by incorporating dATP opposite templating dT. The extension past oxoA:dG was ∼5-fold less efficient than that past oxoA:dT. Structural studies revealed that Dpo4 accommodated dT:dATP base pair past anti-oxoA:dT with little structural distortion. In the Dpo4-oxoA:dG extension structure, oxoA was in an anti conformation and did not form hydrogen bonds with the primer terminus base. Unexpectedely, the dG opposite oxoA exited the primer terminus site and resided in an extrahelical site, where it engaged in minor groove contacts to the two immediate upstream bases. The extrahelical dG conformation appears to be induced by the stabilization of anti-oxoA conformation via bifurcated hydrogen bonds with Arg332. This unprecedented structure suggests that Dpo4 may use Arg332 to sense 8-oxopurines at the primer terminus site and slow the extension from the mismatch by promoting anti conformation of 8-oxopurines.
Effect of CaO–SiO2–Al2O3–MgO top slag on solute elements and non-metallic inclusions in Fe-xMn(x = 10, 20 mass pct) steel
Authors: Yu Huixiang , Yang Dexin , Li Muming , Zhang Ni
Published: April 2021

Medium/high manganese steels have broad application prospects in automotive industry, cryogenic material, etc. because of excellent properties. Precise control on steel composition and improvement of cleanliness are very important for commercial production of these steel grades. In this study, the effect of CaO–SiO2–Al2O3–MgO slag on solute elements and inclusions of Fe-xMn(x = 10, 20 mass pct) steel was studied and discussed. After slag/steel reaction, the concentration of Mn and S in steel reduced, while Si increased. Most MnO type inclusions, which were the main inclusions in master high manganese steel, transformed to MnO–SiO2type and MnO–Al2O3–MgO type, with MnO–SiO2sharing the majority. Thermodynamic analysis indicates that the change of solute elements and inclusions was mainly the result of reaction SiO2(s) + 2[Mn] = 2MnO(s) + [Si] between molten steel and top slag as well as slag desulphurization. Increase of oxygen potential of the reaction system would restrain the reaction. Because of the inclusion absorption by top slag, large sized inclusions decreased and steel cleanliness improved greatly after CaO–SiO2–Al2O3–MgO slag was added.
Organspende in Deutschland: „Wind of Change“?
Authors: Braun Felix , Abel Wiebke , Middel Claus-Dieter
Published: April 2021

In Deutschland besteht seit vielen Jahrzehnten ein Spenderorganmangel, der im Jahr 2017 einen historischen Tiefpunkt erreichte. Die Analyse des Spenderorganmangels ergab vielschichtige Ursachen und Ansatzpunkte, die in 2 Gesetzesänderungen resultierten. Das Gesetz zur Verbesserung der Zusammenarbeit und der Strukturen bei der Organspende stärkt insbesondere die Funktion der Transplantationsbeauftragten in den Spenderkrankenhäusern. Das Gesetz zur Stärkung der Entscheidungsbereitschaft bei der Organspende beinhaltet die Einrichtung eines Organspenderegisters. Die gesetzlichen Änderungen sollen durch einen Aktionsplan in der Umsetzung begleitet werden. Das langfristige Ziel der ergriffenen Maßnahmen ist eine Steigerung der Organspenderate durch einen rationalen und nicht emotionalen Umgang mit dem Thema, das gesellschaftlich akzeptiert zu einer Kultur der Organspende in Deutschland führen kann.
Quo vadis, Kurortmedizin?
Authors: Niklas Anke
Published: April 2021

Die Verlagerung von Kurortangeboten in den zweiten Gesundheitsmarkt eröffnet auch Chancen – Sich wieder dem Individuum widmen und auf die persönlichen Möglichkeiten und Erwartungen eingehen Ein Gespräch mit Prof. Karl-Ludwig Resch
Yb(OTf)3-Mediated Regioselective Hydroamination of Ynamides with Anilines and p-Toluenesulfonamide
Authors: Zeng Xiaobao , Gu Qingyun , Dai Wenjing , Xie Yushan , Liu Xinyi , Wu Guixia
Published: April 2021

A rare-earth salt Yb(OTf)3-catalyzed regioselective hydroamination of ynamides with anilines and p-toluenesulfonamide has been developed. This protocol provided facile access to a diverse range of amidines with good functional group tolerance in moderate to high yields.
Altered Fibrinolysis during and after Surgery
Authors: Colomina Maria J. , Méndez Esther , Sabate Antoni
Published: April 2021

Major surgery induces hemostatic changes related to surgical stress, tissue destruction, and inflammatory reactions. These changes involve a shift of volume from extravascular space to intravascular and interstitial spaces, a “physiologic” hemodilution of coagulation proteins, and an increase of plasmatic fibrinogen concentration and platelets. Increases in fibrinogen and platelets together with a simultaneous dilution of pro- and anticoagulant factors and development of a hypofibrinolytic status result in a postoperative hypercoagulable state. This profile is accentuated in more extensive surgery, but the balance can shift toward hemorrhagic tendency in specific types of surgeries, for example, in prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass or in patients with comorbidities, especially liver diseases, sepsis, and hematological disorders. Also, acquired coagulopathy can develop in patients with trauma, during obstetric complications, and during major surgery as a result of excessive blood loss and subsequent consumption of coagulation factors as well as hemodilution. In addition, an increasing number of patients receive anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs preoperatively that might influence the response to surgical hemostasis. This review focuses on those situations that may change normal hemostasis and coagulation during surgery, producing both hyperfibrinolysis and hypofibrinolysis, such as overcorrection with coagulation factors, bleeding and hyperfibrinolysis that may occur with extracorporeal circulation and high aortic-portal-vena cava clamps, and hyperfibrinolysis related to severe maintained hemodynamic disturbances. We also evaluate the role of tranexamic acid for prophylaxis and treatment in different surgical settings, and finally the value of point-of-care testing in the operating room is commented with regard to investigation of fibrinolysis.
Maxillofacial Bony Considerations in Facial Transplantation
Authors: Vincent Aurora G. , Gunter Anne E. , Ducic Yadranko , Reddy Likith
Published: April 2021

Alloplastic facial transplantation has become a new rung on the proverbial reconstructive ladder for severe facial wounds in the past couple of decades. Since the first transfer including bony components in 2006, numerous facial allotransplantations across many countries have been successfully performed, many incorporating multiple bony elements of the face. There are many unique considerations to facial transplantation of bone, however, beyond the considerations of simple soft tissue transfer. Herein, we review the current literature and considerations specific to bony facial transplantation focusing on the pertinent surgical anatomy, preoperative planning needs, intraoperative harvest and inset considerations, and postoperative protocols.
Investigating the Scientific ‘Infodemic’ Phenomenon Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Balkányi László , Lukács Lajos , Cornet Ronald
Published: April 2021

Objectives: The study aims at understanding the structural characteristics and content features of COVID-19 literature and public health data from the perspective of the ‘Language and Meaning in Biomedicine’ Working Group (LaMB WG) of IMIA. The LaMB WG has interest in conceptual characteristics, transparency, comparability, and reusability of medical information, both in science and practice.

Methods: A set of methods were used (i) investigating the overall speed and dynamics of COVID-19 publications; (ii) characterizing the concepts of COVID-19 (text mining, visualizing a semantic map of related concepts); (iii) assessing (re)usability and combinability of data sets and paper collections (as textual data sets), and checking if information is Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable (FAIR). A further method tested practical usability of FAIR requirements by setting up a common data space of epidemiological, virus genetics and governmental public health measures’ stringency data of various origin, where complex data points were visualized as scatter plots.

Results: Never before were that many papers and data sources dedicated to one pandemic. Worldwide research shows a plateau at ∼ 2,200 papers per week – the dynamics of areas of studies being slightly different. Ratio of epidemic modelling is rather low (∼1%). A few ‘language and meaning’ methods, such as using integrated terminologies, applying data and metadata standards for processing epidemiological and case-related clinical information and in general, principles of FAIR data handling could contribute to better results, such as improved interoperability and meaningful knowledge sharing in a virtuous cycle of continuous improvements.