bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Da nova antropologia do desenvolvimento para a socioantropologia dos espaços públicos africanos
Authors: Sardan Jean-Pierre Olivier De , Faure Xavier
Published: April 2020

Sem resumo.
“Miunça” e caprinocultura:
Authors: Meneses Valdênio Freitas
Published: April 2020

O artigo propõe debater estratégias de famílias de caprinocultores cadastradas como produtoras no Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos/Leite (PAA/Leite) no Cariri paraibano. Essas estratégias são construídas para conseguir colocar uma quantidade maior de leite nas usinas através da adoção de um sistema de cotas que implica na conquista de um valor acima do mercado para o leite de cabras produzido nas compras governamentais para o referido programa. Através da abordagem socioantropológica do desenvolvimento, pode-se notar nesse cenário empírico um conflituoso entrelaçamento de distintas lógicas sociais para a caprinocultura de leite dentro de uma política de mercado institucional. Considerada apenas como negócio e oportunidade de empreendedorismo por técnicos e gestores das usinas, a caprinocultura de leite também é vetor de relações de troca não necessariamente monetárias que envolvem parentes, vizinhos e amigos na região do Cariri paraibano, remetendo a um universo de práticas sociais que, de modo oculto, faz parte do próprio funcionamento do referido programa.
Associativismo e ambientalismo:
Authors: Gomes Cicera Maria dos Santos
Published: April 2020

Neste trabalho analisam-se os impactos socioambientais sofridos pela população outrora residente na área da barragem de Pirapama, localizada no município do Cabo de Santo Agostinho - Pernambuco, focalizando, em particular, um grupo de moradores, pequenos produtores rurais, que ocupam atualmente outra área no município. Busca-se identificar as formas de organização utilizadas para ter acesso aos bens e serviços públicos, as mudanças no seu cotidiano decorrentes do deslocamento e a reconstrução de sua sociabilidade mediada pelas estratégias de acesso à água, numa perspectiva de gênero. O pressuposto subjacente à abordagem aqui apresentada é o de que o modo de produção capitalista determina como ocorre o uso dos recursos naturais, produzindo e reproduzindo desigualdades sociais, a depreciação e a exploração que tende a secundarizar os efeitos negativos sobre o meio ambiente.
O processo de criação e implementação de unidades de conservação e sua influência na gestão local:
Authors: Cirilo Brenda Batista , Almeida Oriana Trindade de , Rivero Sergio Luiz de Medeiros
Published: April 2020

Este artigo analisa os processos de criação e implementação da APA da ilha do Combu, localizada em Belém (Pará), os quais culminaram na sua não consolidação. O trabalho foi baseado em um levantamento realizado pelo Órgão gestor local com base em uma amostra de 100 domicílios, feito em 2010, para sua caracterização geral; e em outro realizado em 2013, para avaliar o nível de envolvimento dos residentes na área com o processo de criação e implementação da referida APA.
Agricultura urbana conquistando o mercado institucional da alimentação escolar em Belo Horizonte/MG/BR:
Authors: Lovo Ivana Cristina , Santandreu Alain , Lopes Filho José Divino
Published: April 2020

O projeto “Jardim Produtivo” iniciou-se em 2008 como parte do programa ”Cidades Cultivando para o Futuro”, que teve objetivos ambientais e de saúde, com promoção da agricultura urbana e da segurança alimentar e nutricional. Entre os anos de 2009 e 2011, o projeto integrou o programa “Da Semente à Mesa”, cujo objetivo foi estimular a comercialização da produção dos agricultores urbanos vinculados ao Jardim Produtivo. Com base na metodologia da pesquisa-ação, o projeto estimulou a capacidade técnica e organizacional dos agricultores, criando condições para a comercialização de hortaliças para o mercado institucional da alimentação escolar. Como resultado, escolas públicas municipais passaram a adquirir hortaliças produzidas no Jardim Produtivo para fornecimento na alimentação escolar, uma experiência que se mantém ativa. Esta experiência de comercialização entre as Escolas e o Jardim Produtivo, que foi certificada como tecnologia social pela Fundação Banco do Brasil em 2011, demonstrou que a agricultura urbana é viável economicamente, garantindo alimentos que contribuem para promoção da segurança alimentar e nutricional no município. Trata-se de experiência que pode ser transferida para outros municípios.
Aspectos inovativos presentes nas atuais políticas públicas de aquisição de alimentos da agricultura familiar brasileira
Authors: Rambo José Roberto , Costa Silvia Maria de Almeida Lima , Laforga Gilmar
Published: April 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho é demonstrar o caráter inovativo das políticas públicas voltadas à aquisição de alimentos da agricultura familiar brasileira. Ao criar alternativas para melhorar duplamente os níveis de eficácia, seja na busca de segurança alimentar (de ordem quantitativa com foco na contenção da fome), seja no desenho de novos mecanismos de mercado intermediados por organizações públicas, o Brasil inova ao formatar um ambiente institucional efetivamente capaz de criar incentivos para captura de valor dos produtos alimentícios produzidos pela agricultura familiar, aliada com uma estratégia de combate à fome, o que não ocorreria nos equipamentos de comercialização dos canais tradicionais de distribuição. Utilizando-se de recorte teórico de abordagem Neo-Schumpteriana, são discutidos alguns condicionantes relativos ao alcance das políticas em tela, quais sejam: o Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos da Agricultura Familiar – PAA, o Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar – PNAE e o Programa Paulista da Agricultura de Interesse Social – PPAIS (operante no Estado de São Paulo). As inovações de modelo de negócios geradas institucionalmente conferem maior alcance para o PAA e exigem maiores ajustes adaptativos para os outros dois programas no alcance dos objetivos expressos, remetendo à necessidade de revisões nos mecanismos de coordenação entre os atores sociais envolvidos.
Free Vibration Analysis of Piezoelectric Cylindrical Nanoshell: Nonlocal and Surface Elasticity Effects
Authors: Hashemi Kachapi Sayyid H.
Published: April 2020

Vibration analysis of piezoelectric cylindrical nanoshell subjected to visco-Pasternak medium with arbitrary boundary conditions is investigated. In these analysis simultaneous effects of the nonlocal, surface elasticity and the different material scale parameter are considered. To this end, Eringen nonlocal theory and Gurtin–Murdoch surface/interface theory considering Donnell's shell theory are used. The governing equations and boundary conditions are derived using Hamilton’s principle and the assumed mode method combined with Euler–Lagrange method is used for discretizing the equations of motion. The viscoelastic nanoshell medium is modeled as Visco-Pasternak foundation. A variety of new vibration results including frequencies and mode shapes for piezoelectric cylindrical nano-shell with non-classical restraints as well as different material parameters are presented. The convergence, accuracy and reliability of the current formulation are validated by comparisons with existing experimental and numerical results. Also, the effects of nonlocality, surface energy, nanoshell radius, circumferential wavenumber, nanoshell damping coefficient, and foundation damping are accurately studied on frequencies and mode shapes of piezoelectric cylindrical nanoshell.
Robust Backstepping Speed Controller of a Doubly Fed Induction Motor using State-Space Nonlinear Approach
Authors: Cherifi Djamila , Miloud Yahia
Published: April 2020

The aim of this paper is an efficiency Backstopping speed controller with direct stator flux orientation of doubly fed induction motor (DFIM) fed by two PWM inverters with separate DC bus link, the Backstopping controller is designed based on the Lyapunov stability theorem, by introducing the approach for decoupling the motor’s currents in a rotating (d-q) frame, based on the state space input-output decoupling method. The purpose is therefore to make the speed and the flux control resist to parameter variations, because the variation of parameters during motor operation degrades the performance of the controllers. The proposed approach is analysed by Simulink/Matlab environment. The simulation results show good performance and robustness.
The social component of the projection behavior of clausal complement contents
Authors: Mahler Taylor
Published: April 2020

Some accounts of presupposition projection predict that content's consistency with the Common Ground influences whether it projects (e.g., Heim 1983, Gazdar 1979a,b). I conducted an experiment to test whether Common Ground information about the speaker's social identity influences projection of clausal complement contents (CCs). Participants rated the projection of CCs conveying liberal or conservative political positions when the speaker was either Democrat- or Republican-affiliated. As expected, CCs were more projective when they conveyed political positions consistent with the speaker's political affiliation: liberal CCs were more projective with Democrat compared to Republican speakers, and conservative CCs were more projective with Republican compared to Democrat speakers. In addition, CCs associated with factive predicates (e.g., know) were more projective than those associated with non-factive predicates (e.g., believe). These findings suggest that social meaning influences projective meaning and that social meaning is constrained by semantic meaning, in line with previous research on the relation between other levels of linguistic structure/perception and social information.
STAGES OF VACUUM FISH-PUMP UNIT OPERATION
Authors: Naumov Vladimir , Velikanov Nikolay
Published: April 2020

The article describes the features of modeling the stages of pumping a water- fish mixture using a water-ring vacuum pump. The dynamics of pressure changes in the working capacity during pump operation for different time intervals is considered. Solutions of the corresponding differential equations are obtained using the numerical method. The results of calculating the characteristics of the process of pumping the water- fish mixture into the receiving container are presented.
SOME FEATURES OF SHRIMP FISHING TRAPS WITH DIFFERENT ENTERING DEVICE DESIGNS
Authors: Mizyurkin Michael , Zakharov Egor , Volotov Victor , Vakker Nikita , Kruchinin Oleg , Eremin Yury , Korneychuk Ilya , Borilko Oleg
Published: April 2020

The shrimp fishery traps effectiveness, equipped with different entrance devices and hydrobionts behavior near the traps is analyzed. It is revealed that the catchability and holding capacity of multi-entrance trap is better than a two-entrance one. Net valve at the entrance prevents shrimp from escaping the trap while not allowing a large predatory fish to enter the trap.
RELEVANCE OF USE OF FEED ADDITIVES BASED ON SECONDARY RAW MATERIALS OF THE FISHING INDUSTRY IN THE DIETS OF RAINBOW TROUT
Authors: Sokolov Alexander , Dvoryaninova Ol'ga , Zemlyanukhina Olga
Published: April 2020

The most important approaches to fish diets balancing on the main nutrients are mixed fodders and feed additives (FA) management. The research has shown that the distinctive feature of the developed feed additives is a high content of amino acids, as well as polyunsaturated fatty acids and minerals. FA is one of the most valuable protein products, covering from 56,9 to 255,6 % of the daily requirement for rainbow trout in essential amino acids. Thus, in general, it is possible to consider the feed additives made from secondary products as a natural sources of proteins, minerals, and vitamins which can be used in mixed fodders production for the rainbow trout with partial or full replacement in their recipes of fish meal.
Memórias e Histórias: a formação de professores de Matemática em Montes Claros – MG (1960-1990)
Authors: Almeida Shirley Patrícia Nogueira de Castro e , Gomes Maria Laura Magalhães
Published: April 2020

Esta pesquisa de doutorado teve como objetivo investigar a história da formação de professores de Matemática no norte de Minas Gerais, no curso de licenciatura da atual Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros – UNIMONTES.  O período focalizado se estende da década de 1960 até a década de 1990. Utilizamos a metodologia da História Oral, segundo os parâmetros do Grupo História Oral e Educação Matemática (GHOEM), integrando o projeto por ele desenvolvido de mapeamento da formação e atuação de professores de Matemática no Brasil. O exame das entrevistas realizadas nos mostra uma grande busca pela ampliação do quadro de professores graduados para atuar na Educação Básica e, também, que os alunos tornaram-se professores do curso/instituição que os havia formado.
 
Palavras-chave: História. Formação de professores. Educação matemática.
Ibuprofen, a drug used in pain, inflammation and fever
Authors:   Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Negres Simona
Published: April 2020

Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) derived from propionic acid, used on a large scale both in adults and children for the treatment of pain, fever and inflammation of different etiologies. Many randomized clinical trials controlled against placebo or active substances support the efficacy of ibuprofen, administered alone or in combinations, single or repeated dose, in these pathological states. Literature safety data show that ibuprofen is one of the most utilized NSAIDs owing to its efficacy and reduced adverse events profile.
Hepatoblastoma requiring liver transplantation. A case report
Authors:   Department of Pediatrics, University of Medicine, Pharmacy,Sciences and Technology Tg. Mures, Romania, Mares Roxana-Cristina , Chincesan Mihaela ,   Department of Pediatrics, University of Medicine, Pharmacy,Sciences and Technology Tg. Mures, Romania, Horvath Emoke ,   Department of Pathology, University of Medicine, Pharmacy,Sciences and Technology Tg. Mures, Romania, Gozar Horea ,   Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology Tg. Mures, Romania, Marginean Cristina Oana ,   Department of Pediatrics, University of Medicine, Pharmacy,Sciences and Technology Tg. Mures, Romania
Published: April 2020

Hepatoblastoma is a rare pathology in pediatric patients, occurring in 5-10/one million children. A two year old patient was admitted to our clinic for intense abdominal pain. On examination he presented a large mass in the right hypochondrium. Abdominal ultrasound and computer tomography (CT) revealed a large, solid hepatic tumor with thrombosis of the right portal vein. Serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP) level and thrombocyte number were increased. Liver biopsy was performed and the histopathological aspect was specific for an epithelial hepatoblastoma. Chemotherapy was initiated, followed by surgery in two steps: right portal branch ligation and subsequent tumor resection. Six months after surgery a relapse was suspected, confirmed by CT and elevated AFP levels. A „rescue” liver transplantation was performed and the patient is disease-free for three years. Elevated AFP and thrombocyte levels point to the diagnosis of hepatoblastoma. Liver transplantation is the final option for extensive, inoperable or relapsing tumors.
Congenital choledochal cyst in a toddler – case report and literature review
Authors:   “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Diaconescu Smaranda ,   Clinic of Pediatric Gastroenterology, “Sf. Maria” Children’s Hospital, Iasi, Strat Silvia ,   Clinic of Pediatric Gastroenterology, “Sf. Maria” Children’s Hospital, Iasi, Nichita Andreea ,   Clinic of Pediatric Gastroenterology, “Sf. Maria” Children’s Hospital, Iasi, Paduraru Gabriela ,   “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi,   Clinic of Pediatric Gastroenterology, “Sf. Maria” Children’s Hospital, Iasi, Ghiga Gabriela ,   “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Rosu Oana Maria ,   Clinic of Pediatric Gastroenterology, “Sf. Maria” Children’s Hospital, Iasi, Scurtu Ana Maria ,   Clinic of Pediatric Gastroenterology, “Sf. Maria” Children’s Hospital, Iasi, Alexa Cristina ,   Clinic of Pediatric Gastroenterology, “Sf. Maria” Children’s Hospital, Iasi, Plamadeala Petru ,   Clinic of Pediatric Gastroenterology, “Sf. Maria” Children’s Hospital, Iasi, Rosu Eduard Vasile ,   Clinic of Pediatric Gastroenterology, “Sf. Maria” Children’s Hospital, Iasi, Donea Lorenza ,   Clinic of Pediatric Gastroenterology, “Sf. Maria” Children’s Hospital, Iasi
Published: April 2020

Congenital choledochal cysts are more frequently diagnosed in children under the age of 10, occurring prevailingly in female patients. We are presenting a case of choledochal cyst in a 7-month-old male baby, which had a sudden onset with scleral-cutaneous jaundice and lack of appetite. Abdominal ultrasound revealed a transonic, hyperreflective formation located in the topography of the main bile duct, dilated intrahepatic bile ducts, and laboratory tests revealed a severe syndrome of hepatic cytolysis and cholestasis. The diagnosis was confirmed using cholangiopancreatic MRI performed in an emergency regime and required surgical intervention. Therefore, the differential diagnosis of cholestasis syndromes must rule out choledochal cyst irrespective of the patient’s age due to the complications and risk of malignization.
Colaboração: perspectias da família e do terapeuta quanto a uma terapia útil
Authors: Sundet Rolf
Published: April 2020

Este estudo qualitativo examinou como um grupo de famílias e seus terapeutas descreveram uma terapia útil. A análise qualitativa apresentou perspectivas da família e do terapeuta. Como uma dupla descrição, as perspectivas do terapeuta e da família valorizaram a conversação, participação e o relacionamento como as três áreas centrais de uma terapia útil. Estas estão especificadas por categorias e subcategorias que focam as atividades de compartilhamento de experiências, contribuição do próprio conhecimento e envolvimento pessoal, a formulação e reformulação de perguntas e o feedback correspondente. A discussão de similaridades e diferenças entre as perspectivas provê uma descrição do que constitui uma boa terapia para as famílias e terapeutas, apontando para a expansão de modelos que têm norteado os terapeutas.
A paternidade e fatores associados ao envolvimento paterno
Authors: Backes Mariana Schubert , Becker Ana Paula Sesti , Crepaldi Maria Aparecida , Vieira Mauro Luís
Published: April 2020

No cenário atual, pode-se observar uma mudança nos papéis desempenhados pelos pais e mães na interação com seus filhos. A paternidade, por exemplo, passou a ser alvo das pesquisas científicas recentemente, tendo em vista a maior participação do pai na vida dos filhos. Dessa forma, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar os fatores que interferem no envolvimento paterno de pais (homens) de crianças entre quatro a seis anos. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório descritivo, de natureza qualitativa, cujos dados foram coletados através de uma entrevista semiestruturada, a qual foi analisada pela técnica da análise de conteúdo categorial temática, utilizando-se o software Atlas.ti. Da análise das entrevistas emergiram quatro categorias: Vivência da paternidade; Responsabilidade; Interação pai-filho e Fatores que interferem no envolvimento paterno. Neste artigo serão apresentados os resultados da última categoria, por estarem diretamente relacionados com o objetivo deste estudo. Os resultados apontam que o modelo de paternidade que os participantes tiveram de seus próprios pais, além das relações que estabelecem com a mãe da criança, as características pessoais dos pais e dos filhos e, ainda, a rede de apoio que possuem, constituíram-se em aspectos que repercutiram no envolvimento paterno.DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.21452/2594-43632018v27n61a04
Mulheres que vivenciaram violência conjugal: concepções sobre suas ações, o homem autor e a experiência
Authors: Galeli Paola Rodegheri , Antoni Clarissa de
Published: April 2020

Esse estudo qualitativo buscou compreender a violência conjugal por meio das concepções de cinco mulheres, de 23 a 36 anos, que estavam envolvidas em processo judicial contra o homem autor da violência e afastadas deles há tempo mínimo de oito meses. Foi aplicado questionário com dados sociodemográficos e uma entrevista semiestruturada englobando aspectos do relacionamento, da violência, denúncia e período após separação. Após análise, originaram-se três categorias sobre as concepções dessas mulheres em relação a: (a) suas próprias ações; (b) o homem autor de violência e (c) a violência. Os resultados revelam compreensão sobre o fenômeno da violência durante o período em que a vivenciavam, por vezes, não qualificando as ações como abusivas, favorecendo a manutenção da violência no subsistema conjugal. Pode-se perceber concepção mais crítica durante o processo de afastamento do homem autor da violência. Nesse estudo, a forma de encerrar o ciclo de violência foi rompendo a relação.DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.21452/2594-43632018v27n61a05
Contribuições e implicações da perspectiva dialógica na terapia familiar/de casal.
Authors: Sales Camila Maria Del Carlos Pinheiro , Cabral Daniel Welton Arruda
Published: April 2020

A perspectiva dialógica sobre a terapia familiar nos convida a ver outro ângulo que a prática terapêutica pode assumir, especialmente ao considerarmos a participação do terapeuta no processo de mudanças. Neste artigo, cujo método adotado foi a revisão bibliográfica narrativa, de cunho exploratório e abordagem qualitativa, buscamos percorrer brevemente sobre a literatura científica de autores que discorreram sobre alguns dos principais conceitos que inspiram a abordagem dialógica, contribuindo para refletirmos mais diligentemente sobre as mudanças de posições que tomamos quando nos dirigimos à complexidade do encontro terapêutico com famílias/casais. Ainda havendo muito a se investigar sobre conceitos dialógicos neste contexto, há terapeutas de família que têm se dedicado a analisar aspectos dialógicos na respectiva área de atuação, propondo o registro posterior da conversação interna do terapeuta para ampliar o entendimento da experiência terapêutica e fomentar a pesquisa em psicoterapia familiar em uma abordagem dialógica. Concluímos que esta perspectiva, influenciada pelo desconstrutivo pensamento pós-moderno, ajuda a ampliar alguns dos conceitos mais presentes na atual geração da terapia familiar, tornando-os menos idealizados na prática clínica e, portanto, mais úteis ao nosso entendimento sobre a complexidade do trabalho com famílias/casais.DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.21452/2594-43632019v28n63a01
Narrativas de homens viúvos diante da experiência de luto conjugal
Authors: Luna Ivania Jann
Published: April 2020

Neste artigo é apresentada uma pesquisa qualitativa que visou à compreensão das narrativas de homens viúvos vivenciando luto conjugal. Foram entrevistados três homens que se encontravam na época da perda em um momento específico do ciclo vital da família. Utilizou-se a entrevista qualitativa em profundidade e na organização dos dados foram utilizados os procedimentos de codificação da Teoria Fundamentada. Foram destacadas três categorias temáticas que constituem as dimensões da experiência de luto conjugal: ‘Dizer olá novamente’, ‘Deixar ir’ e ‘Seguir em frente’. As narrativas produzidas possibilitaram aos enlutados a reconstrução do seu sistema de significados em duas direções: manter viva a relação que tinham com a esposa e construir novos significados para o self, tendo em vista o papel de progenitor viúvo em um ambiente familiar e social em transformação. http://dx.doi.org/10.21452/2594-43632019v28n64a03
Nurses' Personal Pain Experiences and Their Pain Management Knowledge
Authors: Wessman Amy C , McDonald Deborah Dillon
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT

Background: This study examined nurses' personal experiences with pain and whether nurses' personal pain experiences were associated with initial pain management knowledge and ability to learn more about pain management.

Method: This descriptive correlational study was a secondary analysis of a study that used a one-group pretest-posttest design to examine the effect of a pain management education program on nurses' pain management knowledge. The sample consisted of 177 nurses who answered yes to having had a personal pain experience requiring treatment.

Results: Nurses reported 13 types of pain, with pharmacological interventions comprising 94.4% of the pain treatments. Nurses' previous personal pain experiences were negatively related to their initial pain management knowledge (r = - .23, p < .01).

Conclusion: Nurses' personal pain experience may impact their learning of pain management knowledge and should be considered when designing pain management education.
Infinite families of $ 3 $-designs from o-polynomials
Authors: Ding Cunsheng , Tang Chunming
Published: April 2020

A classical approach to constructing combinatorial designs is the group action of a \begin{document}$ t $\end{document}-transitive or \begin{document}$ t $\end{document}-homogeneous permutation group on a base block, which yields a \begin{document}$ t $\end{document}-design in general. It is open how to use a \begin{document}$ t $\end{document}-transitive or \begin{document}$ t $\end{document}-homogeneous permutation group to construct a \begin{document}$ (t+1) $\end{document}-design in general. It is known that the general affine group \begin{document}$ {\mathrm{GA}}_1( {\mathrm{GF}}(q)) $\end{document} is doubly transitive on \begin{document}$ {\mathrm{GF}}(q) $\end{document}. The classical theorem says that the group action by \begin{document}$ {\mathrm{GA}}_1( {\mathrm{GF}}(q)) $\end{document} yields \begin{document}$ 2 $\end{document}-designs in general. The main objective of this paper is to construct \begin{document}$ 3 $\end{document}-designs with \begin{document}$ {\mathrm{GA}}_1( {\mathrm{GF}}(q)) $\end{document} and o-polynomials. O-polynomials (equivalently, hyperovals) were used to construct only \begin{document}$ 2 $\end{document}-designs in the literature. This paper presents for the first time infinite families of \begin{document}$ 3 $\end{document}-designs from o-polynomials (equivalently, hyperovals).
Fermentable Dietary Fiber Promotes Helminth Infection and Exacerbates Host Inflammatory Responses
Authors: Myhill Laura J. , Stolzenbach Sophie , Mejer Helena , Jakobsen Simon R. , Hansen Tina V. A. , Andersen Daniel , Brix Susanne , Hansen Lars H. , Krych Lukasz , Nielsen Dennis S. , Nejsum Peter , Thamsborg Stig M. , Williams Andrew R.
Published: April 2020

Fermentable dietary fibers promote the growth of beneficial bacteria, can enhance mucosal barrier integrity, and reduce chronic inflammation. However, effects on intestinal type 2 immune function remain unclear. In this study, we used the murine whipworm Trichuris muris to investigate the effect of the fermentable fiber inulin on host responses to infection regimes that promote distinct Th1 and Th2 responses in C57BL/6 mice. In uninfected mice, dietary inulin stimulated the growth of beneficial bacteria, such as Bifidobacterium (Actinobacteria) and Akkermansia (Verrucomicrobia). Despite this, inulin prevented worm expulsion in normally resistant mice, instead resulting in chronic infection, whereas mice fed an equivalent amount of nonfermentable fiber (cellulose) expelled worms normally. Lack of expulsion in the mice fed inulin was accompanied by a significantly Th1-skewed immune profile characterized by increased T-bet+ T cells and IFN-γ production in mesenteric lymph nodes, increased expression of Ido1 in the cecum, and a complete absence of mast cell and IgE production. Furthermore, the combination of dietary inulin and high-dose T. muris infection caused marked dysbiosis, with expansion of the Firmicutes and Proteobacteria phyla, near elimination of Bacteroidetes, and marked reductions in cecal short-chain fatty acids. Neutralization of IFN-γ during infection abrogated Ido1 expression and was sufficient to restore IgE production and worm expulsion in inulin-fed mice. Our results indicate that, whereas inulin promoted gut health in otherwise healthy mice, during T. muris infection, it exacerbated inflammatory responses and dysbiosis. Thus, the positive effects of fermentable fiber on gut inflammation appear to be context dependent, revealing a novel interaction between diet and infection.
A construção de material pedagógico para o ensino do jogo e o processo educativo na Educação Física crítico-superadora
Authors: Scapin Gislei José , Camargo Maria Cecília Da Silva , Souza Maristela Da Silva , Costa Leandra Costa da , Charão Carine Marques
Published: April 2020

Este estudo originou-se nos Estágios Curriculares Supervisionados (ECS) do Curso de Educação Física – UFSM. Período em que houve a necessidade de construir material pedagógico para o trato com o conteúdo jogo. Objetivamos analisar a importância da participação do educando na construção de material pedagógico para seu processo educativo. Metodologicamente pauta-se por um relato de experiência. Utilizamos registros sistemáticos das aulas com uma turma de 4º ano da rede Estadual de Ensino Fundamental de SM – RS. Elaboramos nossa proposta de trabalho e lapidamos nossos resultados com base na Pedagogia Histórico – Crítica e na Concepção Crítico – Superadora. Como contribuições destacam-se a capacidade de análise da realidade, apropriação de novos materiais pedagógicos e ampliação da Cultura Corporal. Concluímos que as contribuições ultrapassam o contato com novas práticas corporais e expressam a capacidade de transformar coletivamente o cenário escolar.
O necroliberalismo, bolsonaro 'vírus mental' e a pandemia da COVID-19 como casos de saúde pública: o real resiste?
Authors: Silva Mauricio Roberto da , Pires Giovani De Lorenzi , Pereira Rogerio Santos
Published: April 2020

Diante da crise estrutural do capitalismo e da pandemia provocada pela disseminação do coronavirus, o editorial acrescenta que a saída necroliberal imposta pelo capitalismo monopolista ao Brasil, desde o golpe de 2016, tem ainda a presença nefasta de um presidente da república que demonstra não apenas não estar preparado para o cargo como tem praticado crimes de lesa-humanidade nesse episódio do isolamento social requerido pela ciência para o enfrentamento da COVID-19.
How Can Green Tax Laws Spur Green Behavior? An Analysis of the Influence of Chinese Tax Policy on Green Behavior
Authors: Hong Zhigang , Cords Danshera Wetherington
Published: April 2020

How Can Green Tax Laws Spur Green Behavior? An Analysis of the Influence of Chinese Tax Policy on Green Behavior
Greenbacks for the Green New Deal
Authors: Roberts Tracey M.
Published: April 2020

Greenbacks for the Green New Deal
How Durable is a Lockbox for Carbon Tax Revenue?
Authors: Milne Janet E.
Published: April 2020

How Durable is a Lockbox for Carbon Tax Revenue?
Investigación en enseñanza de las ciencias en Colombia: estudio desde sus cosificaciones
Authors: Alcocer Tocora Milena , Hernández Hernández Carola
Published: April 2020

Los productos de investigación publicados y socializados por la comunidad científica son más que objetos materiales, son cosificaciones que representan su identidad, sus significados y su práctica. Este artículo presenta un análisis de la comunidad de investigadores en enseñanza de las ciencias en Colombia desde sus cosificaciones. El estudio se desarrolló con base en un enfoque cualitativo y desde una perspectiva crítica y hermenéutica. Se revisaron los productos de investigación reportados en la plataforma ScienTI de Colciencias, así como las memorias publicadas por los dos principales eventos nacionales especializados en el campo durante la última década. Se identificó que la práctica de la comunidad gira en torno a intereses que se relacionan con dos posturas epistemológicas: la educación en ciencias y la didáctica de las ciencias. Estas perspectivas orientan epistemológicamente la producción de los investigadores y determinan las relaciones entre la teoría y la práctica pedagógica. El análisis también evidenció la urgencia de ampliar los diálogos entre los miembros de la comunidad que permitan llegar a acuerdos concretos frente a las necesidades del campo de investigación en Colombia.
Economic Aspects of Quality of Life of Bangladeshi Construction Workers in Malaysia
Authors: Haque Md Wahidul , Ghani Norizan Abdul
Published: April 2020

Quality of Life (QoL) measures provide a sense of how people's lives are going through the activities and interactions between their circumstances and psychological resources. This measurement/ evaluation is a valuable tool and a precondition for planning to improve the socio-economic QoL or Wellbeing of the people surveyed. Researchers conducted a qualitative study to know the economic QoL of Bangladeshi migrant construction workers in Terengganu, who have immigrated for less than ten years in Malaysia. Researchers triangulated the survey by two focus group discussions, 19 in-depth interviews, and observations of four spots. The research used Atlas ti to conduct the thematic analysis of the primary data. The result of the study shows that the workers are mostly in adverse QoL with the effect of freedom, functioning, facilitator, and financial management. The study finally recommends, Community-based work permit, trade union, and digital financial system to ensure more freedom to improve the economic QoL of the migrant Bangladeshi construction workers.
The Dystopian Beyond: George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four
Authors: Gruszewska-Blaim Ludmiła
Published: April 2020

Stretching behind the literal or metaphorical frontier, the beyond—regardless of its ontological status—constitutes, this article argues, a necessary complementary component of any dystopian reality that determines whether the dystopia in question is of the Orwellian or Hollywood type. Proposing to treat dystopia as a nonsemiosphere (i.e., a potentially semiotic space that eliminates independent acts of meaning assignation and uncontrolled socializing), the article discusses various methods of construing and deconstructing the beyond of the Orwellian type as exemplified in Nineteen Eighty-Four. Hence, the main focus is not on the core dystopian space of semiosis but, rather, on its periphery, boundary, and domains expected to be beyond dystopian control. What is taken into consideration are the political, social, temporal, psychological, textual, and generic “beyonds.”
On the Images and Tragedies of Three Females in The Plain of White Deer
Authors: Wang Jun
Published: April 2020

The Plain of White Deer, known as a “secret history of China”, unfolds the historical changes of Weihe Plain in more than half of the last century. Based on the fates of different females, the novel tries to disclose the cruel oppression of the feudal clan system on women and the low status of women as a child-bearing tool in the patriarchal society. This paper will analyze the miserable fates of the three main females Tian Xiao’e, Lu Lengshi and Bai Ling in the novel and also the reasons for their tragic fates.
The Pronominal Element in Arabic Copular Clauses
Authors: Alharbi Bader
Published: April 2020

In Arabic, a pronominal element (PE) (Note 1) appears in almost all copular clause types, specifically the specificational, identificational, and identity clauses, as well as in clauses with a post-copular definite description. It is obligatory in an identity clause consisting of proper nouns and is otherwise optional. However, the PE cannot be used in Arabic predicational clauses. This paper examines the nature of this PE, why it is illicit in the predicational clause and licit in all other types, and why it is obligatory only in the identity clause consisting of proper nouns and is otherwise optional. It suggests that the PE is a realization of the F head (the identity predicate) in the structure of the identity clause. The illicit use of the PE in the predicational clause follows from the presence of predicative expressions in this type of clause. Lastly, it is shown that the PE is obligatory only in an identity clause involving proper nouns to avoid ambiguity, and is otherwise optional.
Influence of Phosphorus Fertilizer on “Ware” Potato Production in Acid Soils in Kenya
Authors: Akoto Evans Mutange , Othieno Caleb O. , Ochuodho Julius O.
Published: April 2020

One of the major challenges facing potato (Solanum Tuberosum L) production in Kenya is low and declining yield. This trend is caused by several factors which include low quality and quantity of seed, climate change, inadequate extension services, pests and diseases and more importantly low and declining soil fertility, particularly phosphorus (KEPHIS, 2016 and Karanja et al., 2014). Unfortunately, the current phosphorus fertilizer rate recommendation available for “ware” potato production in Kenya is “blanket” or general (90 kg phosphorus ha-1) and has not been updated for a long time to address the declining soil fertility. This prevents proper utilization of phosphorus fertilizers in achieving optimal production of “ware” potatoes. Therefore, this study investigated influence of different rates of phosphorus (TSP) fertilizer on “ware” potato yield and quality in three acidic (pH ≤ 5.8) test sites: Lari, Ainabkoi and Saboti sub Counties. Two varieties, Unica and Shangi, were tested. The field experiment was a split plot arrangement in Randomised Complete Block Design (RCBD) with six treatments (0 N & 0 P), 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1 phosphorus, replicated three times. Data collected included weight, quantity and quality of tubers. The data was analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 5 % confidence levels with General Statistics (GENSTAT) and excel soft wares. Results indicated that phosphorus fertilizer influenced “ware” potato yield. At Saboti application of 120 and 90 kg phosphorus ha-1 for Shangi and Unica resulted in highest “ware” yield of 19.6 and 40.2 t ha-1, respectively. At Ainabkoi application of 120 kg ha-1 phosphorus produced highest “ware” potato yields of 10.7 t ha-1 and 26.8 t ha-1 of Shangi and Unica, respectively. At Lari, application of 90 and 120 kg ha-1 phosphorus produced highest “ware” potato yield of 7.0 t ha-1 and 17.5 t ha-1 for Shangi and Unica, respectively. During the season, there was a build-up of soil available phosphorus. Thus, there is need for farmers to test their soil at the beginning of every potato growing season.
Effects of dietary rubber seed oil on production performance, egg quality and yolk fatty acid composition of Hy-Line Brown layers
Authors: Lu Qiongfen , Chen Peifu , Chai Yan , Li Qihua , Mao Huaming
Published: April 2020

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effects of dietary supplement of rubber seed oil on production performance, egg quality, and yolk fatty acid composition in laying hens during a 16-week feeding trial period.Methods: Forty-eight 25-week-old laying hens of Hy-Line Brown were randomly divided into three groups. Each group comprised four replicates and each replicate had four birds. Rubber seed oil was incorporated into a corn-soybean meal basal diet by 3.5% (group I), 4.5% (group II), or 0 (control group) and equivalent nutrition was supplied for the test groups and the control group. The performance related values were determined using standard or well established methods.Results: No significant difference was found in the production performance, the egg quality, the composition of saturated fatty acids, and the content of cholesterol and monounsaturated fatty acids in the yolk within the three groups. Interestingly, both test groups achieved a significantly higher content of linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid and a significantly lower content of arachidonic acid (p<0.05) compared with the control group. With the increased level of dietary rubber seed oil, there was an increasing trend in the content of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), n-3 PUFA and total PUFA, but a declining trend in the n-6/n-3 ratio.Conclusion: These results demonstrate that the rubber seed oil supplemented diet effectively improved the total PUFA content in eggs without impairing the layers’ production performance and the egg quality.
Endogenous enzyme activities and tibia bone development of broiler chickens fed wheat-based diets supplemented with xylanase, β-glucanase and phytase
Authors: Al-Qahtani Mohammed , Ahiwe Emmanuel Uchenna , Abdallh Medani Eldow , Chang’a Edwin Peter , Gausi Harriet , Bedford Michael R , Iji Paul Ade
Published: April 2020

Objective: This study assessed the effect of different levels of xylanase, β-glucanase and phytase on intestinal enzyme activities and tibia bone development in broiler chickens fed wheat-based diets.Methods: Twelve experimental diets were formulated using a 3×2×2 factorial design (three doses of phytase and two doses of both xylanase and β-glucanase) and offered to 648 dayold Ross 308 male chicks having 6 replicates groups with 9 birds per replicate and lasted for 35 days.Results: An interaction between the enzymes products improved (p<0.01) the activity of chymotrypsin. Protein content at d 10 was highest (p<0.001) with addition of phytase while general proteolytic activity (GPA) (p<0.02) and lipase activity (p<0.001) were decreased. At d 24, there were improvements in protein content (p<0.01) and lipase (p<0.04) with supplementation of superdose phytase. Addition of superdose phytase decreased in chymotrypsin (p<0.02), trypsin (p<0.01) and GPA (p<0.001). The optimum dose of xylanase decreased the chymotrypsin activity (p = 0.05), while the GPA (p<0.001) was increased with the optimum level of β-glucanase. Superdose phytase supplementation at d 10 improved maltase (p = 0.05), sucrase (p<0.001) and alkaline phosphatase (p<0.001) activities in the jejunum while aminopeptidase activity was highest (p<0.005) with the low level of phytase. Protein content of jejunum mucosa was bigger (p<0.001) in birds fed superdose phytase while maltase activity (p<0.001) at d 24 was reduced by this treatment. Sucrase (p<0.04) and aminopeptidase activities (p<0.001) improved when diets supplemented with low levels of phytase. Tibia bone breaking strength was highest (p<0.04) with addition of low level of superdose phytase or optimum level of β-glucanase. Bone dry matter content decreased (p<0.04) when diets supplemented with phytase.Conclusion: From the results obtained in this study, supplementation of superdose phytase was the most effective, however, the cost-benefit analysis of the use of such a dose needs to be evaluated.
Seasonal changes in the reproductive performance in local cows receiving artificial insemination in the Pursat province of Cambodia
Authors: Tep Bengthay , Morita Yasuhiro , Matsuyama Shuichi , Ohkura Satoshi , Inoue Naoko , Tsukamura Hiroko , Uenoyama Yoshihisa , Pheng Vutha
Published: April 2020

Objective: The present study aimed to survey seasonal changes in reproductive performance of local cows receiving artificial insemination (AI) in the Pursat province of Cambodia, a tropical country, to investigate if ambient conditions affect the reproductive performance of cows as to better understand the major problems regarding cattle production.Methods: The number of cows receiving AI, resultant number of calving, and calving rate were analyzed for those receiving the first AI from 2016 to 2017. The year was divided into three seasons: cool/dry (from November to February), hot/dry (from March to June), and wet (from July to October), based on the maximal temperature and rainfall in Pursat, to analyze the relationship between ambient conditions and the reproductive performance of cows. Body condition scores (BCS) and feeding schemes were also analyzed in these seasons.Results: The number of cows receiving AI was significantly higher in the cool/dry season than the wet season. The number of calving and calving rate were significantly higher in cows receiving AI in the cool/dry season compared with the hot/dry and wet seasons. The cows showed higher BCSs in the cool/dry season compared to the hot/dry and wet seasons probably due to the seasonal changes in the feeding schemes: these cows grazed on wild grasses in the cool/dry season but fed with a limited amount of grasses and straw in the hot/dry and wet seasons.Conclusion: The present study suggests that the low number of cows receiving AI, low number of calving, and low calving rate could be mainly due to poor body condition as a result of the poor feeding schemes during the hot/dry and wet seasons. The improvement of body condition by the refinement of feeding schemes may contribute to an increase in the reproductive performance in cows during the hot/dry and wet seasons in Cambodia.
Complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Tosa-Jidori sheds light on the origin and evolution of Japanese native chickens
Authors: Osman Sayed A.-M. , Nishibori Masahide , Yonezawa Takahiro
Published: April 2020

Objective: In Japan, approximately 50 breeds of indigenous domestic chicken, called Japanese native chickens (JNCs), have been developed. JNCs gradually became established based on three major original groups, “Jidori”, “Shoukoku”, and “Shamo”. Tosa-Jidori is a breed of Jidori, and archival records as well as its morphologically primitive characters suggest an ancient origin. Although Jidori is thought to have been introduced from East Asia, a previous study based on mitochondrial D-loop sequences demonstrated that Tosa-Jidori belongs to haplogroup D, which is abundant in Southeast Asia but rare in other regions, and a Southeast Asian origin for Tosa-Jidori was therefore suggested. The relatively small size of the D-loop region offers limited resolution in comparison with mitogenome phylogeny. This study was conducted to determine the phylogenetic position of the Tosa-Jidori breed based on complete mitochondrial D-loop and mitogenome sequences, and to clarify its evolutionary relationships, possible maternal origin and routes of introduction into Japan.Methods: Maximum likelihood and parsimony trees were based on 133 chickens and consisted of 86 mitogenome sequences as well as 47 D-loop sequences. Results: This is the first report of the complete mitogenome not only for the Tosa-Jidori breed, but also for a member of one of the three major original groups of JNCs. Our phylogenetic analysis based on D-loop and mitogenome sequences suggests that TosaJidori individuals characterized in this study belong to the haplogroup D as well as the sub-haplogroup E1.Conclusion: The sub-haplogroup E1 is relatively common in East Asia, and so although the Southeast Asian origin hypothesis cannot be rejected, East Asia is another possible origin of Tosa-Jidori. This study highlights the complicated origin and breeding history of Tosa-Jidori and other JNC breeds.