bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Misuse of Psychologically Active Substances of Convicts being in Prisons and their Treatment
Authors: Plojovic Safuadan , Dimitrijevic Slavica , Maksimovic Andrijana , Zejnelagic Sabina , Hurem Adem , Muraspahic Muamer
Published: December 2015

Due to the data of the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Serbia, over 70% of persons being in prisons and serving their sentences are drug addicts, and 50% of them are drug users. In the European prisons, the percentage of persons using drugs in the entire prison population is 20-70%, and in the USA 70-80%, in the Australian prisons between 50 and 80% of the convicts in prisons are addicts of psychologically active substances. The results of our survey are pursuant to official statistics data for Serbia, the European countries, USA and Australia, since 80% of our convicts in prisons have misused psychologically active substances during the period of 30 days, the previous period before coming to these institutions. More than a half of our examinees (60%), misuses narcotics and alcohol occasionally or permanently, the alcohol users only 12.7%, and only narcotics 7.3% of the ones, meaning that a treatment of addiction disease should have a significant role in prevention of recidivism.
Surgical Treatment of Anomalous Origin of Right Coronary Artery in a Patient with Mitral Stenosis
Authors: Refatllari Ali , Likaj Ermal , Dumani Selman , Hasimi Endri , Goda Artan
Published: December 2015

BACKGROUND: An anomalous origin of the right coronary artery is rarely observed, with a reported incidence between 0.026% and 0.25%. This condition is often completely asymptomatic and is found incidentally during angiographic evaluation for other cardiac diseases. However some patients present with exertion angina or sudden death. Surgical treatment in patients with anomalous RCA is still controversial. Treatment can be conservative, angioplasty or surgery.CASE PRESENTATION: A 59-year-old man was admitted with severe mitral stenosis. He complained exertion and rest dyspnea, NYHA III class. He had sequels of embolic stroke, results of left atrial thrombus. Echocardiography showed calcified severe mitral stenosis with mitral orifice area of 1.1 square centimeters with PSPAP 60 mmHg and normal LV function. Routine coronary angiography before surgery showed aberrant origin of RCA from the left sinus of Valsalva with 90% stenosis at his origin. Multi-slice computed tomography proved the diagnosis of anomalous RCA arising from the left sinus of Valsalva and taking an inter-arterial course between the aorta and pulmonary artery. The patient underwent mitral valve replacement with mechanical St. Jude prosthesis No 29 and saphenous vein graft to RCA. We chose by-pass grafting techniques because after aortotomy, RCA was too close to LMCA, intramural course was too short and stenosis of RCA was outside of aortic wall. The patient's perioperative course was without complications and patient was discharged on the seventh postoperative day.CONCLUSION: Correction of anomalous of the origin of right coronary artery is mandatory in cases where patient has to be operated for other cardiac causes.
Maternal and Neonatal Effects of Vasopressors Used for Treating Hypotension after Spinal Anesthesia for Caesarean Section: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Soxhuku-Isufi Alma , Shpata Vjollca , Sula Hektor
Published: December 2015

AIM: The aim of the study was to examine whether ephedrine and phenylephrine were different in their efficacy for managing maternal hypotension and their effect of adverse maternal and neonatal outcome.METHODS: A double-blind randomized controlled study in healthy pregnant women ASA physical status 2, which underwent elective caesarian delivery under spinal anesthesia. Patients were randomized to receive an intravenous bolus of either phenylephrine (Ph group) or ephedrine (E group) immediately after the episode of hypotension after spinal anesthesia. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were recorded.RESULTS: Two hundred and two (202) pregnant women at term were entered in this study. There were no differences between group E and group Ph regarding the incidence of hypotension after vasopressor therapy, and the incidence of nausea and vomiting. There was no significant difference between groups in the first-minute and the 5th minute Apgar score, none of the neonates had the true fetal acidosis.CONCLUSIONS: Ephedrine and phenylephrine have the same efficacy in treating hypotension after spinal anesthesia for caesarean section. The use of Phenylephrine was associated with better fetal acid-base status, and there were no differences on Apgar score values and on the incidence of maternal bradycardia and hypotension.
Fractional Carbon Dioxide Laser in Treatment of Acne Scars
Authors: Petrov Andrej , Pljakovska Vesna
Published: December 2015

BACKGROUND: Scars appear as a result of skin damage during the process of the skin healing. There are two types of acne scars, depending on whether there is a loss or accumulation of collagen: atrophic and hypertrophic. In 80-90% it comes to scars with loss of collagen compared to smaller number of hypertrophic scars and keloids.AIM: The aim of the study was to determine efficiency and safety of fractional carbon dioxide laser in the treatment of acne scars.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was carried out in Acibadem Sistina Clinical Hospital, Skopje at the Department of Dermatovenerology, with a total of 40 patients treated with fractional carbon dioxide laser (Lutronic eCO2). The study included patients with residual acne scars of a different type.RESULTS: Comedogenic and papular acne in our material were proportionately presented in 50% of cases, while the other half were the more severe clinical forms of acne - pustular inflammatory acne and nodulocystic acne that leave residual lesions in the form of second, third and fourth grade of scars.CONCLUSION: The experiences of our work confirm the world experiences that the best result with this method is achieved in dotted ice pick or V-shaped acne scars.
Prosthetic Subclavian-Aortic Bypass as a Safe Surgical Technique for the Coarctation of the Aorta in Adults
Authors: Refatllari Ali , Likaj Ermal , Dumani Selman
Published: December 2015

BACKGROUND: Coarctation represents 5-8% of congenital heart disease. Residual hypertension remains the main problem after late correction. Surgical treatment in the adult remains a challenge for the surgeon. Our prefered method used in this category is the Subclavian-aortic bypass.MATERIAL AND METHODS: We have reviewed our registry for the period of 12 years (1998- 2010) and we found a group of 18 adult patients being operated for coarctation of the aorta. The mean age of this group of patients was 24.7 Â± 8.43 years (range 16-42 years). 13 were males and 5 females. RESULTS: Sugical technique: Most of the patients (13 pts, 72%) which were obviously treated with subclavian-aortic bypass with a Dacron prostheses. Mean preoperative and postoperative pressure gradients measured by echocardiography were 77.7 Â± 20.16 mmHg and 22.3 Â± 9.14 mmHg respectively. No mortality was observed in this series of patients. Chylothorax was the only complication observed in one patient in the early postoperative period.CONCLUSION: Coarctation of the aorta in adults is treated with optimal early results at our surgical centre. Subclavian-aortic bypass grafting requires less aortic dissection, can be performed with a partially occluding clamp, and does not compromise the spinal cord vascularization.
The Study of Cellular and Molecular Physiological Characteristics of Sperm in Men Living in the Aral Sea Region
Authors: Kultanov Berikbay Z. , Dosmagambetova Raushan S. , Ivasenko Svetlana A. , Tatina Yelena S. , Kelmyalene Assel A. , Assenova Lyazzat H.
Published: December 2015

BACKGROUND: Extreme environmental situation in the Aral crisis has caused a massive chemical pollution of the territory for decades with high doses of pesticides, herbicides. Discharge of industrial waste into the rivers that feed the Aral Sea has lead to the development of various pathological processes in the human body, as well as disruption of reproductive function in young men. AIM: To evaluate the performance of molecular cellular changes in the sperm of men under the influence of dust and salt aerosols in Aral Sea region.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Clinical and laboratory studies were conducted in men 5 settlements (Aralsk-city, v. Aiteke-Bi, v. Zhalagash, v. Zhusaly, v. Shieli). We have studied male ejaculate obtained after 4-5 days of abstinence, and placed it in a warm tube with a glass stopper. On the investigation proceeded ejaculate within 20-30 minutes after its preparation, during which time he was subjected to liquefaction. Isolation and quantification of ASF, RNA, DNA, and determining the fraction of histones in sperm was performed by the method of Markusheva and Savina.RESULTS: It was found that the value of ASF in the semen of men living in the zone of ecological disaster higher compared with the values of parameters in men living in the area of environmental crisis, and this trend is observed in all age groups. The study of circulating extracellular DNA and RNA in the sperm of men registered their decline with a corresponding increase of acid precursors that can be attributed to the degradation of nucleic acids under the influence of negative factors in the complex area of ecological trouble. Also, according to a study in men residing in the areas of environmental catastrophe at the age of 18-29 years, found an increased content of the H1 histone H2A lower total fraction, H3, H4 - and a sharp increase in histone H2B content - histones.CONCLUSIONS: Men living in environmentally disadvantaged areas of Kyzylorda region under the influence of dust and salt aerosols and other toxicants leads to disruption of the reproductive function in men.
Analysis of Lymphocyte Immunological Reactivity in Patients with Pleural Effusions of Different Etiology
Authors: Goseva Zlatica , Jovkovska Kaeva Biserka , Gjorcev Angelko , Jovanovska Janeva Elena , Arsovski Zoran , Pejkovska Sava , Tatabitovska Aleksandra
Published: December 2015

BACKGROUND: The proportion of T and B lymphocytes in pleural fluids and blood may point to the presence of local immunological phenomena in pleural disorders.AIM: Aim of study was to evaluate the lymphocyte phenotype and the ratio between helper (CD4+) and cytotoxic/suppressor (CD8+) lymphocytes in malignant and non-malignant effusions.MATERIAL AND METHODS: We studied 48 patients with pleural effusions. First group had 18 patients with tuberculosis pleural effusions; second group had 20 patients with malignant pleural fluids, third group had 10 patients with transudates and 30 healthy controls. We investigated the distribution of T and B lymphocytes, T cells with helper/inducer CD4 or suppresser/cytotoxic CD8 phenotypes and the CD16 subset.RESULTS: Results showed decreases levels of CD3, CD4, and CD16 T cells in blood of patients versus healthy controls. There were increases in the percentage of the CD3 and CD4 T cells in the pleural fluid compared with values in the blood with statistical significance in tuberculous pleurisy. The values of CD8 were similar in the pleural fluid and in blood. Levels of CD16 were non-significantly higher in pleural fluid in all groups.CONCLUSION: This study confirms the hypothesis that pleural cavity is compartment with immunological reactivity and results could be used in differential diagnosis together with other examinations.
Association between Nephrolithiasis, Hypertension and Obesity in Polycystic Kidney Disease
Authors: Bajrami Valbona , Idrizi Alma , Roshi Enver , Barbullushi Myftar
Published: December 2015

AIM: We aim to define the correlations between nephrolithiasis, hypertension, age and obesity in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) in Albania. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We included 100 patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney from 2011 to 2014. The patients underwent X-ray and renal ultrasonography. We performed the metabolic evaluation of blood and urine.RESULTS: The patients with renal stones had a higher level of mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure compared with patients without stones (155 Â± 12 mmHg vs. 145 Â± 8 mmHg, and 105 Â± 0.9 mmHg vs. 92 Â± 1.28 mmHg, respectively). Patients with renal stones were older (47 Â± 15 vs. 38 Â± 5 years), had a higher prevalence of obesity [body mass index (BMI): 28 Â± 2.4 vs. 25.7 Â± 0.6], had higher levels of total cholesterol level (220 Â± 5 mg/dl vs. 203 Â± 4 mg/dl) as well as triglyceride levels (160 Â± 9 mg/dl vs. 126 Â± 4 mg/dl), compared with no renal stone individuals. CONCLUSION: ADPKD patients with renal stones in our study had a higher mean level of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, BMI and cholesterol and triglycerides levels compared with individuals without renal stones.
À peine avaient-ils introduit une inversion dans leur énoncé que la subordination s'imposa : subordination inverse et inversion subordonnante ?
Authors: Roig Audrey , Van Raemdonck Dan
Published: December 2015

Dans cette contribution, nous reviendrons sur les subordinations inverses du type À peine Préd1 que/ø/et Préd2 et poserons la question de l'identification du mode de liaison ainsi que du degré de complexité à l'œuvre dans ces structures. Nous verrons dans un premier temps qu'il est difficile de s'en remettre aux marqueurs ; c'est pourquoi, nous recourrons dans un deuxième temps à l'identification d'indices, congruents, parmi lesquels la focalisation et l'inversion du sujet dans la prédication ouverte par à peine .
La concessive en (aus)si (que) : quelle liaison prédicationnelle ?
Authors: Hadermann Pascale
Published: December 2015

L'objectif de notre contribution est d'identifier la nature du lien syntaxique et sémantique qui s'établit entre les concessives extensionnelles en aussi/si Adjectif (que) et leurs phrases matrices. Ces structures sont doublement intéressantes : elles présentent une grande variation formelle – avec une alternance entre aussi / si et entre que P / P avec inversion du sujet – d'une part et posent problème pour ce qui est de l'identification du rapport qui existe entre les deux parties de l'énoncé d'autre part. Nous montrerons que, tant au sein de la concessive que dans son rapport avec la phrase matrice, il existe un lien qui peut être qualifié d'hypotaxique. Nous mettrons également en évidence que l'inversion du sujet, bien qu'elle relève d'une stratégie discursive spécifique, participe à l'intégration et à la dépropositionnalisation de la séquence dans laquelle elle se manifeste et la verse ainsi également du côté de l'hypotaxe.
Tu te penches, tu tombes . Séquences corrélatives non marquées et détachement
Authors: Neveu Franck
Published: December 2015

L'objectif de cet article est d'étudier le problème posé par les séquences corrélatives non lexicalement marquées, du type [P1, P2] : Tu te penches, tu tombes . On s'interroge sur la nature et le champ de l'incidence de chacun des segments constitutifs, en procédant à une comparaison avec les constructions détachées (similarités et différences).
Liaisons « non marquées » de constructions verbales : cuisine et dépendances
Authors: Benzitoun Christophe , Corminboeuf Gilles
Published: December 2015

Dans cet article, nous nous proposons d'étudier principalement les suites de constructions verbales non articulées par des conjonctions. Cela oblige d'emblée à se poser la question du marquage des relations syntaxiques du français. Nous montrons que la présence/absence d'une conjonction ou d'une préposition n'est pas décisive et que celle-ci constitue simplement un indice parmi d'autres. Nos analyses prennent place au sein des approches macro-syntaxiques, ce qui nous permet de montrer qu'il existe au moins deux fonctionnements distincts : un fonctionnement micro-syntaxique et un fonctionnement macro-syntaxique.
Asyndètes temporelles
Authors: Avanzi Mathieu , Johnsen Laure Anne
Published: December 2015

Cet article vise à décrire les propriétés grammaticales de couplages de constructions verbales asyndétiques ( i.e.  non liées par un morphème segmental subordonnant ou coordonnant) exprimant une valeur temporelle. L'examen des propriétés syntactico-sémantiques et prosodiques de productions extraites de divers corpus de français parlé permet de montrer que, contrairement à ce qui est généralement décrit dans la littérature, les structures à l'étude ne sont pas grammaticalement homogènes, et qu'il est possible de faire la part entre quatre types d'asyndètes temporelles structuralement différentes. Nous discutons également du rôle de la prosodie dans le marquage des relations asyndétiques.
Liaisons « non marquées » de prédications dans l'accroche publicitaire
Authors: Adler Silvia
Published: December 2015

L'objectif de cette contribution est de corréler l'impact persuasif de l'accroche publicitaire à son format syntaxique, voire à un schéma où la relation entre prédications adjacentes est non matérialisée. Quatre questions seront débattues : (i) celle de savoir pourquoi les accroches publicitaires privilégient les liaisons non marquées entre prédications ; (ii) celle de savoir comment se concrétise le non-marquage du mode de liaison ; (iii) celle de savoir si le non-marquage de la liaison doit s'expliquer par une ellipse et donc par un emboîtement hypotaxique sous-jacent ; (iv) celle, finalement, concernant les avantages, au niveau de la transmission du message, de la structure syntaxique condensée.
Les effets attitudinaux de l’actionnariat salarié : une étude empirique dans le contexte des entreprises françaises du SBF 250
Authors: Elouadi Sara
Published: December 2015

L’actionnariat salarié constitue un levier important pour développer le sentiment d’appartenance des salariés à leur entreprise et les fédérer autour des objectifs stratégiques. Cette forme de participation traduit la cohésion interne et la fierté qui unissent les salariés à leur entreprise. Constatant le développement de l’actionnariat salarié et anticipant les implications profondes de cette pratique en France, ce travail propose d’étudier les conséquences de la pratique de l’actionnariat salarié direct sur les attitudes au travail. Nous avons conduit une étude par questionnaire auprès des salariés du SBF 250, les réponses récoltées ont été analysées par la méthode des équations structurelles. Les résultats montrent que l’actionnariat salarié direct contribue à diminuer de façon significative l’intention de départ. Pareillement, l’implication organisationnelle et la satisfaction au travail sont corrélées positivement et de façon significative avec l’octroi des titres de propriété aux salariés.
L’optimisation de la conduite d’un plan de sauvegarde de l’emploi : le cas d’une entreprise de chimie en France
Authors: Clauss Caroline
Published: December 2015

Depuis plusieurs années, le recours aux plans sociaux est en constante croissance. Ce type de restructuration caractérisé aujourd’hui par le licenciement d’au moins dix salariés sur trente jours au sein des entreprises de cinquante salariés et plus, implique de réels changements organisationnels. Les entreprises font face à des difficultés de mise en œuvre pour respecter la loi (2013) et satisfaire aux parties prenantes internes et externes. En effet la bonne gestion de ce changement est primordiale pour la survie et la pérennité de l’entreprise. Sur la base des travaux de Kotter J.P., de Grouard B. et Meston F. ainsi que d’une observation participante au sein d’une entreprise chimique en plan de sauvegarde de l’emploi (P.S.E), nous avons établi des préconisations managériales pour le cas des restructurations, destinées aux dirigeants et DRH afin de faciliter de futures applications de la loi de 2013 concernant les P.S.E.
Effets de la GRH sur la performance : validation du modèle configurationnel auprès d’un échantillon de 92 entreprises au Maroc
Authors: El Adraoui Hayat
Published: December 2015

Une lecture de la littérature sur le lien RH-performance montre que cette relation est encore méconnue. Certains auteurs la qualifient encore de boite noire (Fabi, G. Arcand, M. Arcand, Bayad, 2002). Dans la littérature, nous avons identifié plusieurs approches en gestion stratégique des ressources humaines (GSRH) qui sont les plus utilisées par la communauté scientifique, notamment l’approche configurationnelle qui servira de filtre théorique dans la présente contribution. C’est auprès d’un échantillon de 92 entreprises nationales et multinationales au Maroc que nous avons tenté de valider la pertinence du lien. Nonobstant certaines limites, les résultats semblent supporter, dans une bonne mesure les principes émis par les tenants de cette approche. La présente étude répond en effet, à un besoin ressenti de compréhension du lien RH-Performance, d’autant que les recherches menées aux Maroc sur le management des hommes manquent d’ancrage théorique et d’approches scientifiques (Kleiche Dray et Waast, 2008). D’où, elles ne sont pas toutes en mesure d’expliquer concrètement comment les pratiques de GRH peuvent avoir un effet significatif sur les performances. Bien qu’essentiellement conceptuelle mais, associée à une vérification empirique, cette réflexion ouvre un espace pour un débat sur la pertinence d’une analyse innovatrice basée sur les configurations et les plus qu’elle est capable d’apporter aux décideurs et aux universitaires de ce milieu.
Ce que l’innovation doit a l’insecurité de l’emploi
Authors: Farzaneh Faranak
Published: December 2015

Cette étude a pour but d’examiner la relation entre le comportement innovateur des employés et l’insécurité perçue de l’emploi. Elle part de l’hypothèse que l’insécurité perçue de l’emploi influence directement et indirectement, au travers des motivations des employés à innover, le comportement innovateur des employés. Les quatre hypothèses de cette recherche sont testées avec une approche quantitative. Un questionnaire a été adressé à un ensemble de 343 employés travaillant en France. En utilisant la méthode d’analyse d’équation structurelle, les résultats démontrent qu’au travers des attentes de gains en matière de performance et d’image, l’insécurité perçue de l’emploi réduit la motivation des employés à innover et par conséquent diminue leur comportement innovateur.
Pour une évaluation intégrative et multiperspectives de la performance des alliances asymétriques
Authors: Trabelsi Karim
Published: December 2015

La thématique de la performance attire les efforts de nombreux chercheurs et praticiens, mais demeure à ce jour un concept controversé et ambigu. Ne dérogeant pas à la règle, dans le cas des alliances asymétriques où les motivations et les objectifs des partenaires ne sont pas intégralement révélés et encore moins parfaitement convergents, la construction d’outils de mesure pertinents est un exercice périlleux. Les multiples critiques adressées à l’égard des critères financiers ou temporels réputés « objectivistes », ou encore des mesures « subjectivistes », illustrent la complexité de cet exercice. En dépit des insuffisances de ces mesures, nous partons du postulat selon lequel elles ne pourraient être définitivement évincées. Afin de pallier leurs insuffisances et biais respectifs, nous explorons dans le prolongement des travaux de Meschi (2006), Arino (2003), Blanchot (2006), Luo (2008), Robson et al. (2008) et Ren et al. (2009), les conditions de leur complémentarité dans le contexte spécifique des alliances asymétriques franco-tunisiennes.
Le nœud gordien en négociation : dénouer des demandes complexes et intenses
Authors: Pekar Lempereur Alain
Published: December 2015

Toute négociation est fondée sur des demandes conflictuelles d’au moins deux personnes. Cet article explore la structure fondamentale de la négociation conçue comme une dynamique « demande/réponse ». L’obtention d’un accord dépend de la réconciliation de demandes croisées. Cette structure de la négociation est testée dans un système commercial complexe, où un responsable est confronté comme négociateur à de multiples demandes ou pressions à différents niveaux, d’une variété de parties prenantes, aussi bien externes qu’internes. De telles demandes créent un nœud distributif que le négociateur doit tenter de dénouer par une série de réponses. Ce nœud devient encore plus difficile à dénouer durant une crise économique en raison de demandes plus intenses.
A teoria da fronteira : reverberações e movimentos
Authors: Alves Mota Raquel
Published: December 2015

O artigo se propõe a discutir − a partir do conto Traoré (2004) de Juan José Saer − como o conceito de fronteira viabiliza os estudos da Literatura Comparada. Essa metáfora representa o movimento incessante do pensamento que se recusa a ser dogmatizado. No conto de Saer é expressivo o estratagema do poder para impor seu domínio por intermédio da construção de discursos legitimadores. Os teóricos da Literatura Comparada defendem uma relação diferenciada com o discurso do poder, já que o pensamento teórico da disciplina nasce no intercambio das diferenças culturais ou na disposição em legitimar novos signos de identidade. A estratégia é colocar-se no limiar dos discursos como forma de preservar o movimento das ideias. Tendo como cerne teórico o conceito de entre-lugar de Silviano Santiago (1978) o artigo desvela como os teóricos da Literatura Comparada defendem as manobras do pensamento como forma de sobrevivência da própria teoria. Perpassam-se outros teóricos que como Santiago defendem esse lugar da diferença : como Bhabha (1998) por meio do conceito do “re-historicizar”, Didi-Huberman (2011) com o movimento dos lucciole ou com a intermitência e Hall (2006) com a metáfora da “interrupção”.
La représentation des Amérindiens aux croisements d’itinéraires artistiques franco-américains. Formation de la colonie d’artistes de Taos. Genèse et œuvres
Authors: Cabau Agathe
Published: December 2015

A partir des œuvres exposées par trois artistes américains aux Salons parisiens et à l’Exposition universelle de 1900, il est question d’étudier la genèse de la formation artistique de la Taos Society of Artists à Paris au tournant du XXe siècle et l’impact de la personnalité du peintre Ernest Leonard Blumenschein sur le récit rétrospectif de la fondation de cette colonie d’artistes au Nouveau-Mexique. L’originalité de la démarche artistique de Blumenschein, Joseph Henry Sharp et Eanger Irving Couse ne se répercute pas pour autant à travers l’exposition des œuvres en France, privilégiant la représentation des peuples autochtones des Plaines plutôt que ceux dont ils font concurremment la rencontre dans le Sud-Ouest américain. La question de la disponibilité du modèle est au centre de la production de ces trois artistes en quête de sujet d’art susceptible d’endosser une couleur nationale.
Indigenización en el teatro de Derek Walcott
Authors: Caisso Claudia
Published: December 2015

Atendiendo a la caracterización de la colonialidad del poder hecha por Mignolo el trabajo describe la búsqueda de Derek Walcott para construir un teatro del Caribe. A tal efecto revisa las consideraciones hechas en el ensayo “La voz del crepúsculo” (1971) donde el poeta afirma el valor del teatro como práctica cultural que cuestiona el eurocentrismo. Por último establece relaciones entre la formulación de la respuesta descolonial trazada en el ensayo con episodios de la obra Sueño en la montaña del mono producida en 1967 y considerada la más representativa del Taller de Teatro de Trinidad que Walcott dirigió entre 1959 y 1976.
Homelessness et homeboundness dans les nouvelles de deux écrivaines jamaïcaines
Authors: Sofo Giuseppe
Published: December 2015

La migration est l’acte fondateur des peuples et des cultures caribéennes contemporaines, nées à travers les migrations forcées du middle passage, les premier mouvement de migration de masse, qui a à jamais changé l'histoire des ces îles, et du monde. Un deuxième mouvement de migration des peuples de la Caraïbe, une deuxième diaspora, est la migration qui a amené des millions de caribéens à l'étranger, vers le Royaume Uni et les États-Unis surtout pour ceux qui venaient des nations anglophones. C'est à travers la littérature sur la migration que nous pouvons le mieux comprendre les sociétés contemporaines de la Caraïbe, et que nous pouvons le mieux étudier la langue que ces migrations ont crée, et qui est à la base de la création littéraire caribéenne. Cet article est une lecture des recueils de nouvelles de deux écrivaines de la Jamaïque, Velma Pollard et Alecia McKenzie, qui ont un rapport très différent avec la migration, pour étudier comment cela a influencé leur utilisation de la langue, ou bien des langues (anglais, créole jamaïcain et dread talk), dans leurs nouvelles, et comment leur homelessness ou homeboundness a donné forme à leur création.
El recuerdo de la escritura. Historia, memoria y ficción en torno a Juan Manuel de Rosas en El farmer de Andrés Rivera
Authors: Grenoville Carolina
Published: December 2015

El trabajo analiza las operaciones y procedimientos a partir de los cuales la novela de Rivera reelabora y actualiza una serie de tópicos o lugares comunes que la historiografía y la literatura han utilizado para dar cuenta de la figura de Juan Manuel de Rosas. Ahora bien, la recreación ficcional de su voz lleva a poner el foco en el punto de encuentro entre las formas narrativas y una singular concepción de la historia, encuentro que genera un doble movimiento: la historia se resitúa en un contexto literario y el soliloquio ficcional se convierte en una historia metafórica en la que la figura de Rosas remite permanentemente a otros textos y contextos del futuro y del pasado.
Imigração brasileira e identidades nacionais : pesquisa em andamento sobre a presença da língua portuguesa no território paraguaio
Authors: Ramalho Aguiar André Luiz
Published: December 2015

Este artigo objetiva apresentar uma pesquisa de doutorado em andamento na Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Brasil. O estudo é de natureza qualitativa e de caráter histórico, descritivo e interpretativista ; e tem por objetivo desenvolver um estudo sobre a língua portuguesa (variante brasileira) em território paraguaio durante o século XX. Essa proposta está configurada a partir de dois momentos específicos e dialógicos : macrorregional, na qual se propõe restaurar a história da língua portuguesa no Paraguai ; e microrregional, na qual buscaremos analisar, em contexto escolar multicultural e plurilíngue, as práticas educativas assumidas pelos docentes do Colégio Nacional Santa Rita e do Instituto Privado Paraguai-Brasil de Santa Rica, estabelecimentos de ensino situados na cidade de Santa Rita, oeste de Paraguai. Tomando como pressupostos teóricos conceitos de identidade e interculturalidade, e buscando refletir como a imigração brasileira interage com outras culturas num ambiente linguístico nem sempre harmônico e assimétrico, esta pesquisa foca a construção de identidades linguísticas e culturais, de brasileiros e não-brasileiros, para entender a conformação histórica do português brasileiro em contexto territorial paraguaio.
Zigzag et « carré plastique » haïtiens en Amérique du nord à travers l’Autobiographie américaine de Dany Laferrière
Authors: Olivier-Messonnier Laurence
Published: December 2015

L’ « Autobiographie américaine » de Dany Laferrière et le « carré plastique » de Léonel Jules, artistes et amis haïtiens émigrés au Québec, déconstruisent la ville américaine par l’éclatement textuel et la plasticité picturale. Mythifient-ils pour autant le berceau natal ? L’écriture plastique et poétique efface les frontières.
Mamma, son tanto felice de Luiz Ruffato : da canção do exílio ao canto do inferno
Authors: Garcia Mireille
Published: December 2015

A pentalogia Inferno provisório do escritor Luiz Ruffato inicia-se com o primeiro romance Mamma son tanto felice (2005) cujo título estrangeiro faz emergir, de imediato, aspectos relacionados com a mobilidade e a imigração. O presente estudo pretende discutir as modalidades de representação dos imigrantes neste romance que penetra na intimidade de uma pequena comunidade italiana radicada no interior do estado de Minas Gerais. Interessa-nos também interrogar o lugar que esses imigrantes ocupam num espaço cujas fronteiras fluidas permitem todo tipo de mobilidades e deslocamentos, assim como suas diversas trajetórias migrantes que resultam na errância e na marginalização.
Figuras femeninas y desplazamiento forzado. Nuevos enfoques en las cinematografías colombiana y peruana contemporáneas
Authors: Rueda Amanda , García Paola
Published: December 2015

Varios países latinoamericanos han sufrido y siguen sufriendo las consecuencias de los conflictos armados internos. Cabe destacar el creciente interés que parecen mostrar jóvenes cineastas por representar la problemática de la violencia y de los desplazamientos forzados relacionados con los conflictos armados, en particular en el caso de Colombia y Perú. Algunas producciones cinematográficas latinoamericanas actuales han ido abandonando el carácter espectacular y partidista adoptado en las décadas anteriores y proponen nuevas lecturas y miradas sobre los desplazamientos. Poco a poco se ha abandonado la visión de la víctima anónima –presente particularmente en las representaciones mediáticas dominantes- para centrarse en las experiencias individuales de los personajes y poner en escena a víctimas del conflicto armado hasta entonces olvidadas y silenciadas como lo han sido las mujeres, las comunidades afrocolombianas o las poblaciones indígenas. Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar, desde una perspectiva comparada, los discursos cinematográficos que se generan en torno a la mujer en el contexto del conflicto armado, a partir de una película colombiana: La Sirga de William Vega (2012) y otra peruana: La teta asustada de Claudia Llosa (2009). Ambas se centran en la vida de jóvenes profundamente marcadas por la experiencia del conflicto armado sufrido en sus respetivos países. Analizaremos en qué medida estas dos películas representan una ruptura discursiva con las anteriores producciones cinematográficas y veremos qué discursos generan sobre la vivencia de la mujer indígena desplazada.
El contexto mediático del transnacionalismo latinoamericano: propuestas para el análisis comparado de las migraciones territoriales y digitales en España y Estados Unidos
Authors: Retis Jessica
Published: December 2015

A lo largo de las últimas décadas se han producido dos procesos coetáneos en el contexto de las migraciones internacionales y el contexto mediático: por un lado, los flujos de migración latinoamericana intensificaron su internacionalización hacia el Norte, especialmente a Estados Unidos y España (Martínez, 2008; 2011); por otro lado, los avances tecnológicos propiciaron el abaratamiento de los transportes y la accesibilidad a las nuevas tecnologías de información y comunicación, especialmente en los entornos urbanos (Castells, 2006; Sassen, 2001). El análisis comparado de estas dinámicas nos permite comprender los procesos en los que los «inmigrantes territoriales» se convierten en «inmigrantes digitales» apropiándose de las nuevas tecnologías de información y comunicación para el mantenimiento de sus redes sociales (Retis, 2008; 2011; Ramírez, 2006). Este trabajo presenta avances de una investigación en curso que analiza comparativamente las prácticas comunicativas de los inmigrantes latinoamericanos en Estados Unidos y Europa.
Los pliegues de la memoria y las ruinas precolombinas de Gunther Gerzso
Authors: Comisarenco Mirkin Dina
Published: December 2015

En el presente trabajo se analiza la obra de inspiración precolombina de Gunther Gerzso (1915-2000), como el viraje estético fundamental que permitió al artista expresar las pulsiones vida/muerte y la dualidad creación/destrucción a través de las metáforas de las ruinas como metáfora del dramático contexto histórico del siglo XX y de propia historia de vida personal.
Past, Present, and Future of Underwater Sensor Arrays to Measure the Electromagnetic Field Signatures of Naval Vessels
Authors: Holmes John J.
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe first underwater electromagnetic field sensor arrays were installed during World War II to measure and reduce the signatures of naval vessels and their associated susceptibility to actuating magnetic influence mines. Initially, inductive loops and high permeability cored search coil sensors were installed beneath the seafloor, inside protective nonmagnetic tubes, to measure the magnetic signatures of ships and to actively reduce them using a field cancellation technique called degaussing. Eventually, the sensor arrays were upgraded with triaxial magnetometers and, later, with electric field sensors. The historical developments to improve the underwater electromagnetic measurement arrays from 1940 to the present will be summarized, along with a discussion of potential future innovations that might materialize.
Recent Technological Trends in Underwater Acoustic Communications
Authors: Beaujean Pierre-Philippe J.
Published: December 2015

AbstractAs underwater acoustic communication technology is becoming more mature, it is increasingly used in the marine industry, scientific community, and military. This article enquires about the latest developments produced by academia and identifies new technological trends
in this field. The latest trends in point-to-point communications, multiple-input multiple-output technology, and underwater acoustic networking are reviewed.
The Genesis of Electronic Charting
Authors: Lanziner Helmut
Published: December 2015

AbstractSignificant advances in marine navigation have resulted in all major vessels being equipped with GPS (Global Positioning System) receivers today, capable of providing highly accurate positions worldwide as an input to ECS (Electronic Chart System) and ECDIS (Electronic
Chart Display and Information System), a system that was approved by IMO (International Maritime Organization) for use on ships in 1989.Similarly, most major vehicle fleet operations and, in fact, most automobiles are now available with devices referred to as a “GPS,” although
they consist of the same two distinct subsystems. One is essentially a GPS receiver that collects signals from a satellite constellation to calculate a position. Most importantly, it provides a latitude and longitude position, which is sent to the second subsystem consisting of a computer
with a graphics display that shows this Lat/Lon position on a map or chart background.To manufacturers, GPS is primarily an enabling technology for electronic charts and mapping systems that provides the necessary position information so it can be displayed in relation to surrounding hazards.
It does this without delay and often in combination with other important navigation sensor data on board. Without charts as a background, numbers or coordinates alone can't tell the mariner about his or her relationship to a reef or shoal up ahead.Without such systems, ships could not
meet the suggested accuracies for “Harbor Entrance and Approach” in the United States. ECDIS has been recognized by many great leaders in the industry:“It will completely change the way we do business…. For the first time you will know where you are, not where
you were.”—RADM J. Austin Yeager, NOAA Coast & Geodetic Survey (A New Way to Navigate)“ECDIS is the most significant improvement in navigation in the past 100 years.”—Captain Ed Rollinson, U.S. Coast Guard (ECDIS—A View From the Bridge,
issued by The Canadian Hydrographic Service and Partners, U.S. Coast Guard R&D Center)“ECDIS…Potentially the most significant breakthrough in marine navigation that has occurred since the advent of radar almost 50 years ago”—Dr. Lee Alexander, Chairman
of International Electrotechnical Commission Working Group (Leading the Way with ECPINS, issued by Offshore Systems Ltd. [OSL]/Offshore Systems International [OSI])Development and application of the first ECS is presented, together with subsequent advances to the level of ECDIS.
Advances in Tropical Cyclone Intensity Forecasts
Authors: Atlas Robert , Tallapragada Vijay , Gopalakrishnan Sundararaman
Published: December 2015

AbstractNOAA established the 10-year Hurricane Forecast Improvement Project (HFIP) to accelerate the improvement of forecasts and warnings of tropical cyclones and to enhance mitigation and preparedness by increased confidence in those forecasts. Specific goals include reducing
track and intensity errors by 20% in 5 years and 50% in 10 years and extending the useful range of hurricane forecasts to 7 days. Under HFIP, there have been significant improvements to NOAA's operational hurricane prediction model resulting in increased accuracy in the numerical guidance
for tropical cyclone intensity predictions. This paper documents many of the improvements that have been accomplished over the last 5 years, as well as some future research directions that are being pursued.
Observing System Simulation Experiments to Assess the Potential Impact of New Observing Systems on Hurricane Forecasting
Authors: Atlas Robert , Bucci Lisa , Annane Bachir , Hoffman Ross , Murillo Shirley
Published: December 2015

AbstractObserving System Simulation Experiments (OSSEs) are an important tool for evaluating the potential impact of new or proposed observing systems, as well as for evaluating trade-offs in observing system design, and in developing and assessing improved methodology for
assimilating new observations. Extensive OSSEs have been conducted at the National Aeronautical and Space Administration (NASA) Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) over
the last three decades. These OSSEs determined correctly the quantitative potential for several proposed satellite observing systems to improve weather analysis and prediction prior to their launch; evaluated trade-offs in orbits, coverage, and accuracy for space-based wind lidars; and were
used in the development of the methodology that led to the first beneficial impacts of satellite surface winds on numerical weather prediction. This paper summarizes early applications of global OSSEs to hurricane track forecasting and new experiments using both global and regional models.
These latter experiments are aimed at assessing potential impact on hurricane track and intensity prediction over the oceans and at landfall.
A Modern History of the Manned Submersible
Authors: Moorhouse Paul
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe manned submersibles of the 1960s look very different to the vehicles being built today. Improvements in materials have allowed deeper diving depths, while the rapid advance in electronics and more compact engineering design have helped to reduce launch weights.
The rescue submersible has been developed in the last 15 years, but most noticeable is the increased use of acrylic for working depths down to 1,000 m. This article tracks this evolution by looking at just 10 vehicles that formed important stepping stones along this path. Alvin, the Johnson-Sea-Link
(JSL), and the Pisces represent the deep-diving science and working submersibles from the 1960s and early 1970s. Alvin has continued to evolve right up to the present day, and 2 of the 10 Pisces boats are still working. The LR5 saw the start of the current military rescue submersibles operating
around the world today, although they were never built for that purpose at the start. Oil industry working subs in the 1970s heyday are represented by the ubiquitous Perry PC-12 and PC-18 boats. Now, the same function and more are fulfilled by the deep worker at a fraction of the size.The
acrylic hull revolution started in the 1960s with the Naval Experimental Manned Observatory and the JSL boats but has taken until now to be fully realized. This path from the JSL boats is plotted with the Deep Rovers, Alicia AP6, and the current offerings from Triton and, finally, the Deep
Fight, an expression of pure enjoyment of the subsea realm made possible by the designer's lifetime experience working with submersibles.
New Evidences of Chinese Micro and Small Enterprises Financing: Capital Structures and Human Capitals
Authors: Wang Sen , Zou Jianjun , Zeng Ning
Published: December 2015

This paper investigates a sample of 100 MSEs across Guangdong province in China through a questionnaire survey to examine capital structures at start-up and expansion stages and characteristics of business, and herein tests theories in the context of financial management. Our findings provide substantial support for the pecking order theory and the financial growth cycle model. Results also explore new evidences that human capitals play a vital role for MSEs’ accessing to external financial resources, which should be considered in the financing modelling as an important determinant.
Students’ Perceptions about the Importance of Communication Skills: A Case Study of EFL Learners at Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Riaz Khan Muhammad , Riaz Khan Shehla , Ahmad Saeed
Published: December 2015

The graduates of Jazan University (Saudi Arabia), like anywhere else in EFL or ESL settings, require effective oral communication skills in English language for a highly competitive and expanding market economy of the country, and the worldwide too. The study was taken to evaluate the students’ perceptions about the need of speaking skills and the urgency to participate in language enhancement activities keeping in view the generally unsatisfactory position of the Saudi students in speaking English language. The sample population for this research was taken from three colleges, i.e. the first grade students from Engineering, Business and Computer Science of this university. A survey method technique was adopted in which data was obtained using a structured questionnaire about students’ responses on multiple items indicating their understanding of the importance of speaking skills, their existing level of oral communication and the need to participate in the extra coaching programs offered by the university. The quantitative data were analyzed by using SPSS 17. The data shows the participants’ understanding of the importance of communication skills for social needs, personality development, attaining and survival in the job market, and their needs for attending extra language training sessions other than their normal routine courses.