bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RAGAM HIBURAN DI REGENTSCHAP PEMALANG AWAL ABAD 20
Authors: Utomo Ilham Nur
Published: February 2024

AbstrakArtikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan ragam hiburan di Regentschap Pemalang beserta latar belakang kemunculannya. Hiburan yang berkembang pada masa kolonial berpusat di perkotaan Hindia Belanda. Meski demikian, Regentschap Pemalang yang bukan termasuk kota besar pada masa kolonial, turut ditemukan ragam hiburan yang dinikmati oleh orang-orang Eropa dan bumiputra. Hal tersebut menarik untuk didedah, mengingat populasi orang-orang Eropa yang dikenal gemar berpelesiran dan mencari hiburan tidak banyak di Regentschap Pemalang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode sejarah. Artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa masuk dan berkembangnya ragam hiburan modern di Regentschap Pemalang tidak terlepas dari kedatangan orang-orang Eropa di Regentschap Pemalang, yang kemudian menetap dalam jangka waktu tertentu. Selain itu, letak Regentschap Pemalang yang berada di jalur utama transportasi Pulau Jawa, mempermudah persebaran ragam hiburan dari kota-kota besar ke Regentschap Pemalang. Ragam hiburan yang terdapat di Regentschap Pemalang cenderung bervariasi dan bersifat sederhana. Kesederhanaan hiburan tersebut dipengaruhi oleh keterbatasan pembangunan dan populasi orang-orang Eropa yang tinggal di Regentschap Pemalang.Kata kunci: Hiburan, Regentschap Pemalang, Sejarah Lokal. AbstractThe objective of this research is to explain the variety of entertainment at Pemalang Regentschap and the background of its emergence. The entertainment that developed during the colonial period was centered in the cities of the Dutch East Indies. However, Pemalang Regentschap, which was not a big city during the colonial period, also found a variety of entertainment enjoyed by Europeans and natives. This is interesting to examine, considering that the population of Europeans who were well-known to love to travel and seek entertainment was still less at Pemalang Regentschap. The method used in this research was the historical method. This article showed that the entry and development of modern entertainment in Pemalang Regentschap can’t be separated from the arrival of Europeans in Pemalang Regentschap. Furthermore, they settled for a certain time. In addition, the location of Pemalang Regentschap was the main transportation route for the island of Java. It eased to spread of a variety of entertainment from big cities to Pemalang Regentschap. The variety of entertainment found in Pemalang's regentschap tended to be varied and simple. The simplicity of the entertainment was affected by the limitations of development and the population of Europeans who lived in Regentschap Pemalang.Keywords: Entertainment, Pemalang Regentschap, Local History.
EKSISTENSI PABRIK GULA SEWUGALUR DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP DINAMIKA SOSIAL EKONOMI TAHUN 1881–1935
Authors: Sani Shofi
Published: February 2024

Pada abad ke-19 ketika gula menjadi komoditas paling mendominasi di Jawa, daerah vorstenlanden seperti Yogyakarta memiliki beberapa pabrik gula yang tersebar salah satunya yakni Pabrik Gula Sewugalur. Pabrik gula ini terletak di Sewugalur yang merupakan bagian dari wilayah Kadipaten Paku Alam. Penelitian yang disusun menggunakan metode penelitian sejarah ini mengkaji tentang eksistensi dari Pabrik Gula Sewugalur yang berdiri pada tahun 1881 hingga 1935, yakni meliputi perkembangan dan juga pengaruhnya dalam dinamika sosial maupun ekonomi terhadap beberapa pihak. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Pabrik Gula Sewugalur terlihat mengalami perkembangan yang lebih baik pada sekitar periode tahun 1920-an dan pada kurun tahun 1930-an mengalami penurunan karena krisis yang melanda pada periode tersebut. Penelitian ini juga mengungkapkan bahwa keberadaan dari Pabrik Gula Sewugalur memberikan pengaruh terutama dalam dinamika ekonomi yakni terkait kondisi finansial dari Kadipaten Paku Alam dan memberikan pengaruh terhadap masyarakat sekitar baik pengaruh positif maupun negatif.
JEJAK AKTIVITAS MISI DI BUITENZORG: DARI GEREJA KATEDRAL BOGOR SAMPAI SEKOLAH KATOLIK REGINA PACIS 1881-1962
Authors: Asmara Sekar Ayu , Murdiyastomo Herman Yoseph Agus
Published: February 2024

AbstrakPenelitian ini mengkaji tentang jejak aktivitas Misi di Buitenzorg dari 1881-1962 yang meliputi (1) Peran Duo Claessens dalam mengembangkan Kota Tanpa Gembala dan (2) Regina Pacis: kolaborasi antara Suster Ursulin dan Suster Fransiskan Misionaris Maria (FMM). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jejak aktivitas Misi Katolik di Buitenzorg pada akhir abad ke-19 hingga awal abad ke-20. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian sejarah yang meliputi heuristik, kritik sumber, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi umat Katolik di Buitenzorg selama abad ke-19 masih mengkhawatirkan. Misi Katolik mulai berkembang lagi ketika Duo Claessens datang ke Buitenzorg dan mendirikan Gereja Katedral Bogor yang bertahan hingga saat ini. Kedatangan Misionaris dari Belanda juga membawa perubahan pada perkembangan pendidikan di Buitenzorg. Salah satu kolaborasi terbaik antara Suster Ursulin dan Suster Fransiskan Misionaris Maria (FMM) mewujud pada Misi Katolik di bawah kendali Regina Pacis.Kata Kunci: Misi Katolik di Buitenzorg, Duo Claessens, Gereja Katedral, Suster Ursulin, Suster FMM, Regina Pacis.
Beneficial Effects of Acupuncture for Depression-A Possible Mediation of Peripheral Sensory Stimulation and Central Oxytocin Release
Authors: Takahashi Toku
Published: February 2024

In modern society, depression is one of the most common mental disorders. It is generally thought that depression is due to the disorders of neuronal circuits and chemical balance in the brain. Patients with depression often receive treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). However, recent studies suggest that the magnitude of benefit of pharmacological treatment is quite limited for these patients. Although recent studies propose acupuncture as a non-pharmacological approach to managing depression, the mechanism of its beneficial effects is not well understood. Somatosensory pathways stimulated by acupuncture relay to the central nervous system (CNS). In animal studies, acupuncture has demonstrated the potential to ameliorate neural abnormalities associated with depression. As complex daily life stress is highly associated with depression, the procedure that suppresses stress responses would be a good candidate to treat depression. Oxytocin (OXT) is a hormone produced at the hypothalamus and mediates social bonding and stress reduction. OXT inhibits stress-induced corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) expression at the hypothalamus, resulting in anti-stress and anti-anxiety effects. Research has demonstrated that acupuncture stimulates the release of hypothalamic OXT through somatosensory stimulation. Thus, stress-related mental disorders can be treated, at least in part, by acupuncture. It is proposed that somatosensory stimulations induced by acupuncture are a possible candidate as a non-pharmacological approach for depression.
Escaneo científico sobre tendencias en investigación en ensilaje de residuos de café
Authors: Cárdenas Solano Leidy Johanna , Contreras Pedraza Carlos Alberto
Published: February 2024

En este análisis se identifican y examinan las principales tendencias de investigación relacionadas con proceso de ensilaje de residuos de café. El ensilaje es un proceso utilizado para la conservación de materiales vegetales producidos estacionalmente. Este análisis se llevó a cabo utilizando herramientas de vigilancia tecnológica. Se consultaron y descargaron publicaciones científicas de la base de datos Scopus®, empleando una ecuación de búsqueda con palabras clave específicas para el tema de estudio. Se recopiló un corpus de información relevante, abarcando todas las categorías de publicaciones (artículos, capítulos de libro, libros, revisiones, ponencias), y se analizó su dinámica y actividad en el periodo 1963-2023
Iterative Patient Testing of a Stimuli-Responsive Swallowing Activity Sensor to Promote Extended User Engagement During the First Year After Radiation: Multiphase Remote and In-Person Observational Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Shinn Eileen H , Garden Adam S , Peterson Susan K , Leupi Dylan J , Chen Minxing , Blau Rachel , Becerra Laura , Rafeedi Tarek , Ramirez Julian , Rodriquez Daniel , VanFossen Finley , Zehner Sydney , Mercier Patrick P , Wang Joseph , Hutcheson Kate , Hanna Ehab , Lipomi Darren J
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Frequent sensor-assisted monitoring of changes in swallowing function may help improve detection of radiation-associated dysphagia before it becomes permanent. While our group has prototyped an epidermal strain/surface electromyography sensor that can detect minute changes in swallowing muscle movement, it is unknown whether patients with head and neck cancer would be willing to wear such a device at home after radiation for several months.

OBJECTIVE

We iteratively assessed patients’ design preferences and perceived barriers to long-term use of the prototype sensor.

METHODS

In study 1 (questionnaire only), survivors of pharyngeal cancer who were 3-5 years post treatment and part of a larger prospective study were asked their design preferences for a hypothetical throat sensor and rated their willingness to use the sensor at home during the first year after radiation. In studies 2 and 3 (iterative user testing), patients with and survivors of head and neck cancer attending visits at MD Anderson’s Head and Neck Cancer Center were recruited for two rounds of on-throat testing with prototype sensors while completing a series of swallowing tasks. Afterward, participants were asked about their willingness to use the sensor during the first year post radiation. In study 2, patients also rated the sensor’s ease of use and comfort, whereas in study 3, preferences were elicited regarding haptic feedback.

RESULTS

The majority of respondents in study 1 (116/138, 84%) were willing to wear the sensor 9 months after radiation, and participant willingness rates were similar in studies 2 (10/14, 71.4%) and 3 (12/14, 85.7%). The most prevalent reasons for participants’ unwillingness to wear the sensor were 9 months being excessive, unwanted increase in responsibility, and feeling self-conscious. Across all three studies, the sensor’s ability to detect developing dysphagia increased willingness the most compared to its appearance and ability to increase adherence to preventive speech pathology exercises. Direct haptic signaling was also rated highly, especially to indicate correct sensor placement and swallowing exercise performance.

CONCLUSIONS

Patients and survivors were receptive to the idea of wearing a personalized risk sensor for an extended period during the first year after radiation, although this may have been limited to well-educated non-Hispanic participants. A significant minority of patients expressed concern with various aspects of the sensor’s burden and its appearance.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03010150; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03010150
Advancing Digital Transformation in Chinese Education: A Comprehensive Analysis of Current Trends, Opportunities, Challenges, and Strategic Imperatives
Authors: Wang Shenling , Shi Xiaomei , Chang Cai
Published: February 2024

This study assesses the progress and identifies the pivotal advancements in China's digital education, including infrastructure improvements, the growth of online learning platforms, policy support, and technological innovations. It underscores digital education's significance in promoting educational equality, updating teaching methods, raising educational standards, expanding resources, and encouraging lifelong learning. Nevertheless, digital education's expansion encounters significant challenges: the digital divide, educators' insufficient digital skills, inconsistent quality of educational content, difficulties in developing students' self-learning skills, and concerns over data security and privacy. To address these issues, the study outlines strategic directions specific to China's educational context: enhancing infrastructure and technology access, increasing digital literacy among teachers and students, supporting personalized and adaptive learning approaches, improving digital resources and evaluation methods, integrating online and offline learning experiences, and expanding international cooperation. These strategies are designed to address existing challenges and stimulate ongoing innovation and improvement in China's digital education sector.
«Только самому тебе, подданному нашему, и калмыкам твоего владения за мирным состоянием с турецкими подданными ссоры не всчинать». Государева грамота Петра I к калмыцкому хану Аюке 1718 г.
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Tepkeev Vladimir T. , Kamandzhaev Narma A.
Published: February 2024

Introduction. Recent historiographic studies show an increasing interest in the figure of Khan Ayuka and the whole of written heritage pertaining to seventeenth-eighteenth century Russian-Kalmyk relations. The article is the first to publish a complete text of one 1718 letter missive submitted by Tsar Peter Alekseyevich to Khan Ayuka. Goals. So, the paper shall introduce some further evidence of Russian-Kalmyk contacts from Peter the Great’s era. Materials. The study focuses on related documentary material from the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts. Results. Such and similar publications shall significantly contribute to the study of Russian-Kalmyk relations throughout the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. The examined document mentions a variety of noteworthy facts dealing with the then military and political situation across Russia’s southern frontier. Conclusions. The 1718 letter missive of Peter I attests to the Russian government was well aware of the actual agenda along its southern and southeastern domains. The text clearly shows that Russian authorities were keeping a watchful eye on contacts between Kalmyk landlords and Sultan Bahti Giray of Kuban. The intelligence messages would be regularly delivered by Astrakhan and Tsaritsyn offices, Don Cossacks and princes of Kabardia.
Калмыки Поволжья и казахи: к истории их взаимоотношений в XVIII – начале XIX в.
Authors:   Gorodovikov Kalmyk State University (11, Pushkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Kadyrbayev Alexander Sh.
Published: February 2024

Introduction. The paper introduces some newly discovered archival material and sources in different languages to examine the shaping of Kalmyk-Kazakh relations in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. The concern about the issue is explained by its limited historiography, since only a few unconnected works have tackled it to date. Furthermore, decent research efforts therein do imply the need for interdisciplinary and cross-civilizational/cross-cultural approaches. Goals. The work attempts a comprehensive review of how relations between the Volga Kalmyks and Kazakhs developed throughout the mentioned period, which shall shed light on the dramatic events that would prove crucial to historical destinies of the nomadic peoples. Materials. To facilitate this, the publication introduces some related data contained in various sources (repositories) and supplemented with historiographic analyses by both Russian and foreign scholars. The identified period seems most instrumental in analyzing the evolution of Kalmyk-Kazakh relations and the latter’s impacts onto their then (and subsequent) historical agendas. Results. In the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, relations between the Volga Kalmyks and Kazakhs were somewhat controversial and ambivalent, which never excluded certain cultural ties then manifested in bilingualism of Kazakh elites that tended to make fluency in Kalmyk a useful rule of theirs, in dynastic marriages and mutual judicial influences traced in codes of laws (Jeti-Jargy and Iki Tsaadzhin Bitchig).
Букеевская (Внутренняя) орда в XIX – начале XX вв.: этапы административного управления
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Gunaev Evgeniy A.
Published: February 2024

Introduction. The article examines some key stages of administrative governance evolution in the Inner Bukey Horde throughout the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries — with due regard of the present-day historical research agenda and various methodological approaches adopted to interpret Imperial Russia’s policies toward Orientals across its southeastern domains. Materials and methods. The paper focuses on a number of related historical publications, namely: A Review of the Fifty-Year Long History (1837–1887) by the Ministry of State Property (Pt. 2: Guardianship. Land Affairs Management), and Russian Political Law by N. Korkunov, a renowned Russian lawyer of the prerevolutionary era. The latter reviews the Bukey Horde’s administrative structure as of the early twentieth century. Results. The work employs an institutional approach to the study of administrative governance evolution in the Inner Bukey Horde, and delineates a total of four stages therein: establishment of the Bukey Horde, institutional legalization of the Bukey Khanate, transformation and abolishment of native royal power of khans, integration of the Horde into Russia’s political and economic environments as part of Astrakhan Governorate. The staging model centers around the institution of khanship that did outlive ones in all other Kazakh communities, which is explained by the personal traits of Khan Jäñgir and a special ‘inner’ status of the Bukey Horde.
Насильственное перемещение этнических калмыков г. Таганрога на принудительные работы в Третий рейх: опыт микроисторической эвристики
Authors:   Chekhov Taganrog Institute (Branch) of Rostov State University of Economics (48, Initsiativnaya St., 347936 Taganrog, Russian Federation), Ageeva Valentina A. , Zhbannikova Marina I. , Trapsh Nikolay A.
Published: February 2024

Introduction. The article deals with one interesting pattern of research heuristics tackled to create a unified empirical database on forced labor relocations of Rostov Oblast-based Soviet citizens to Nazi Germany. Goals. The source study primarily attempts a consistent reconstruction of individual elements to the ethnic stratification among the O starbeiter (‘Eastern workers’) from the selected region, the former to be facilitated by the current identification of ethnic Kalmyks among such displaced individuals. This specific epistemological perspective has never been addressed by the preceding historiographic tradition, which makes the research practice relevant enough. Materials and methods. The integrated use of traditional archival search methods at the Taganrog Office of Rostov Oblast Archive (Russia) and the City Archive of Lüdenscheid (Germany) made it possible to identify an approximate circle of Kalmyk Soviet citizens forcibly displaced from Taganrog. Results. The paper contributes to a consistent understanding of how Nazi Germany’s forced labor civilian deportations from occupied territories took place, and outlines the phenomenon’s dynamics. The undertaken reconstruction of the ethnic stratification among forcibly displaced Soviet citizens clearly illustrates the rigid universalism of the occupation authorities that were seeking to gain ‘living space’ for ‘true Aryans’. The integrated object for Nazi repressive actions was civilian populations of occupied regions viewed as inferior communities, with no special privileges for any certain ethnic group. A particularly valuable result is that the study has yielded preliminary verifications for a number of ethnic Kalmyks that experienced such forced labor relocations to Nazi Germany.
О сутре грамматики монгольского письма Нандзад-аграмбы «Более доступный ключ к познанию»
Authors:   Mongolian National University of Education (14, Baga Toiruu, District 8, 14191 Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia), Dashlkhagvaa Ganbold , Chulchaeva Gilyana M.
Published: February 2024

Introduction. Tibetan-language scriptures created by Mongolian monastic scholars and related studies are extremely few. To date, we are aware of a total of ten such scriptures. Goals. So, the article aims to introduce one such text into scientific circulation, the rest be examined in a series of subsequent works. Materials and methods. The study employs the historical comparative method and those of scientific identification, analysis and synthesis. Results. The paper reveals some errors and inaccuracies that contradict available historical and textual data. Comparative insights into classical works of the designated period identify certain lettering proper (some letters classified neither as vowels nor as consonants in the attempted grammar of written Mongolian) and letter-naming differences, as well as somewhat invariants for same grammatical terms. The analysis has also yielded data unavailable in other works on written Mongolian. Conclusions. The paper reveals evidence of existence of a Mongolian writing school in the fifteenth century, and shows the stylistic levels were distinguished by certain writing patterns.
Калмыцкий словник в работе П. С. Палласа: графо-фонетический анализ гласных
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Mandzhieva Inna B. , Kukanova Viktoria V.
Published: February 2024

Introduction. Quite a number of eighteenth-nineteenth century Kalmyk dictionaries have been subject to linguistic analysis. However, the Kalmyk word list in the major work by P. S. Pallas — despite being well known to the scientific community — was never analyzed, yet that was an earliest attempt to record Kalmyk vocabulary and contains decently precise spellings (closest to actual oral patterns), which makes it a unique lexicographic source. Goals. The study attempts a graphophonetic analysis of Kalmyk vowels from the dictionary of P. S. Pallas, and seeks to identify reflexes of such vowel graphemes. Materials. The paper focuses on the Kalmyk word list consisting of 531 units, some to repeat but differ in spelling. Results. The study has yielded some rows of vowel graphemic correspondences between entries contained in the Pallas Dictionary, lexemes of modern standard Kalmyk, the latter’s IPA transcriptions, and H. Nugteren’s proto-Mongolic reconstructions, which makes it possible to conduct a graphophonetic analysis of the mentioned Kalmyk word list. The latter analysis has resulted in a table introducing data on reflexes of regular vowels (i.e., three examples least). There are significant phonetic differences between graphemic patterns of the Pallas Dictionary and present-day Kalmyk lexemes, in most cases those are essentially systemic. The differences from the modern literary language are mainly derived from historical changes that have arisen in vowels and vowel complexes under the influence of certain phonetic processes. In the absolute beginning of a word and after a consonant in the first syllable, vowels experience few changes, the bulk of such transformations be observed in further syllables and relate to reduced positions.
Башкирские дримонимы: лексико-семантическая классификация, структура, этимология
Authors:   Akmulla Bashkir State Pedagogical University (3A, Oktyabrskoi Revolyutsii St., 450000 Ufa, Russian Federation), Bukharova Gulnur Kh.
Published: February 2024

Introduction. The paper examines the cluster of toponyms derived from drymonyms. The relevance of the research topic is determined by the poor knowledge of this type of toponyms in the toponymic system of Bashkortostan (Russia). Goals. The study seeks to classify Bashkir toponyms derived from names of forests, groves, wild trees and shrubs, to describe their word-formation structure, semantics, origin and features of functioning in the toponymic system of the Southern Urals. Materials and methods. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that the paper is the first to identify toponyms associated with drymonyms using the method of continuous sampling — in the Dictionary of Toponyms of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The work also attempts to describe those systematically, traces new drymonyms of foreign origin, and reveals the latter’s role in the toponymy-related processes. Furthermore, the paper is the first to outline a lexical/semantic classification of such toponyms, defines their structure, semantics, and origin. Results. In addition to toponyms of common Turkic origin, the article identifies drymonymic toponyms formed from Indo-Iranian, Finno-Ugric, and Mongolian word stems. The insight into some drymonymic toponyms associated with beliefs of Bashkirs reveals their function in creating the unique toponymic picture of Bashkortostan. The analysis of related material shows the designated type of Bashkir toponyms characterize primarily natural landscapes of Bashkortostan, habitats of certain species of wild trees and shrubs. The toponymic substratum of Indo-Iranian, Finno-Ugric and Mongolian origin reflects historical backgrounds of the language and ethnos, while toponyms associated with deification of ancestral trees are indicative of specific ancient beliefs of Bashkirs.
Screening of Microorganisms Capable of Biotransforming Certain Monoterpenes Using Substrate Toxicity Test
Authors: Mittal Ruchika , Srivastava Gauri , Ganjewala Deepak
Published: February 2024

Monoterpenes, such as Geraniol (G), Geranyl acetate (GA), Citral (CT), Limonene (LN), and Linalool (LL), are the most widely used phytochemicals in the aroma, food, and pharmaceutical industries. Here, we screened several bacteria and fungi to assess their potential to biotransform the selected monoterpenes (G, GA, CT, LN, and LL) through the substrate toxicity test. Three bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens MTCC2421, Streptococcus mutans MTCC497, and Escherichia coli were found to be resistant to G, GA, and LN while two P. aeruginosa, and S. epidermidis MTTC 435 to GA and LN. In general, all fungal strains did not show resistance to any of the monoterpenes used, except Candida albicans and Fusarium oxysporum, which were slightly resistant to lower concentrations (0.05-0.1%) of GA. Interestingly, none of the bacteria and fungi showed any resistance to CT. The maximum concentrations of monoterpenes to which bacteria exhibited resistance ranged from 0.05-0.2%. The growth and biomass profiles of bacteria revealed that P. fluorescens and S. mutans grew well in the presence of monoterpenes GA and LN. Based on this, Pseudomonas fluorescens was capable of biotransforming GA and LN, while S. mutans only LN. The biotransformation of GA by P. fluorescens produced G and LL on the day 5th and 7th of the incubation. Hence, the study revealed the three potential bacteria, which may be useful in producing new aromatic derivatives from selected monoterpenes through biotransformation.
Predicting Student Placement in College Using Machine Learning
Authors: Magray Imtiyaz Ahmad , Sodhi Gurinder Kaur
Published: February 2024

Abstract: The research on student placement prediction in higher education has been a focal point, addressing challenges related to balanced accuracy and generalization across diverse datasets. Prior studies grappled with issues in feature representation and interpretability. This study aims to overcome these challenges by introducing a comprehensive machine learning framework for student placement prediction, leveraging advanced techniques in exploratory data analysis, preprocessing, and model evaluation. Drawing on previous research experiences, our proposed work targets specific issues related to feature engineering, categorical variable representation, and result interpretability. The methodology employs key libraries, including NumPy, pandas, Matplotlib, Seaborn, Plotly, scikit-learn, WordCloud, and DateTime, for efficient data manipulation, visualization, and analysis. Ensemble learning techniques, such as Random Forest and XGBoost, along with traditional algorithms like Decision Trees and K-Nearest Neighbors, contribute to enhancing predictive accuracy and model robustness. To fine-tune the models, a Randomized Search for Hyperparameters is implemented for the XGBoost classifier, optimizing parameters like learning rate, maximum depth, minimum child weight, gamma, and colsample by tree. This approach effectively addresses overfitting and underfitting issues, maximizing overall model performance. The accuracy percentages achieved through our models represent significant advancements. For instance, the Decision Tree model achieves an accuracy of 87.74%, the Random Forest model achieves 87.60%, the XGBoost model achieves 87.60%, and the K-Nearest Neighbors model achieves 85.18%. These results underscore the effectiveness of our approach in achieving high accuracy while maintaining interpretability.
Predictive Modelling to Understand and Combat Smoking Using Machine Learning: A Review
Authors: Aijaz Irfan , Sodhi Dr. Gurinder Kaur
Published: February 2024

Abstract: Smoking remains a worldwide public health issue, with significant personal consequences well-being and society as a whole. Traditional approaches to understanding and combatting smoking have their limitations, and in recent years, machine learning has become a viable instrument to tackle this problem. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of predictive modeling to understand and combat smoking using machine learning. We delve into the diverse data sources and preprocessing techniques, feature engineering approaches, and machine learning models employed in the context of smoking prediction. The review categorizes studies into smoking initiation and smoking cessation prediction, shedding light on the methodologies, results, and challenges in each domain. Furthermore, we explore the real-world applications of predictive modeling in smoking control, emphasizing their impact on public health policy and awareness campaigns. Ethical considerations and challenges related to bias, privacy, and model interpretability are also discussed. The paper concludes by suggesting future research directions and emphasizing the crucial role of machine learning in comprehensively addressing the smoking epidemic..
Entre verdadeiros e falsos profetas - Caminhos da crença, D. João de Castro e as profecias do sapateiro Bandarra
Authors: Hermann Jacqueline
Published: February 2024

O objetivo deste texto é estudar os percursos que levaram o fidalgo D. João de Castro a crer nos dons proféticos de Bandarra, e discutir as relações entre crença e descrença no contexto das transformações macro-históricas que marcaram a transição dos séculos XVI para o XVII na Europa cristã. Entendo que suas elaborações expressaram de forma singular, mas não isolada, uma das muitas combinações entre religião e política em período atravessado por confluências e disputas entre estes dois campos na chamada primeira Modernidade. Crença e descrença, binômio inseparável na Época Moderna, transitaram entre a ortodoxia e a heresia, a fidelidade e a traição. Este texto analisa alguns contornos dessas fronteiras, propondo uma discussão sobre os meios para identificar o que podia ser falso ou verdadeiro em matéria religiosa nos Tratados canônicos do período e a adaptação operada nos escritos de João de Castro.
Evaluate The Effect of Coenzyme Q10 on The Prevention of Doxorubicin-Induced Acute Cardiotoxicity in Rats.
Authors: AL-Shimaysawee Ola Sadeq , Fadhil Abd aljabbar Rizij  , Rafid Mohammed Ali Hassan wasfi
Published: February 2024

Objective: This study will evaluate the potential protective effects of coenzyme Q10 on DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in female rats, manifested by changes in biochemical parameters in tissue and serum samples histopathological differences, and compare their changes.
Methods:24 female rats were divided into three groups based on weight. The first group received saline, the second group received a cumulative dose of 15 mg/kg of DOX via IP injection, and the third group was pre-treated with CoQ10 before receiving DOX. The data were analysed using a one-way ANOVA test with a Bonferroni post hoc test to compare the markers and histopathological changes in different groups. The GraphPad Prism version 8.1 was used to do the statistical analysis.
Results: As indicated by a statistically significant increase (P<0.0001) in TNFα and ICAM-1 level, doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Additionally, the level of GSH, SOD, and caspase-3 did not differ significantly between the DOX+CoQ10 group and the control group. Furthermore, lesions and histological alterations were induced by the substance. Significant reductions in cardiotoxicity were observed with the administration of coenzyme Q10, as indicated by notable increases (P<0.0001) in SOD, GSH, and TNFα and significant decreases (P<0.0001) in caspase 3 when compared to the DOX group. Also, the CMYO score and lesions exhibited a substantial improvement.
Conclusion: In this investigation, coenzyme Q10 exhibited cardioprotective effects against DOX-induced damage to the mouse heart. This phenomenon potentially pertains to inhibiting and safeguarding against oxidative stress, the pathway of apoptosis, and the inflammatory response.
#WomenInSTEM: exploring self-presentation of identity on Instagram
Authors: Steinke Jocelyn , Coletti Amanda , Gilbert Christine
Published: February 2024

Despite prior research on portrayals of women in STEM in traditional media, fewer studies have considered portrayals on social media. This content analysis of Instagram posts ($N=300$) examined how individuals using the hashtag #WomenInSTEM presented their gender identity, STEM identity, and other social identities through digital self-portraits, selfies, and associated text. Results showed that those associating with this hashtag community primarily presented: 1) counter-gender-stereotyped portrayals, but occasionally reflected gender stereotypes in subtle ways; 2) STEM identity portrayals, mostly focused on self-recognition; and 3) self-promotional and lifestyle portrayals. Findings advance understanding of identity presentation and negotiation for individuals associating with the hashtag #WomenInSTEM through portrayals presented on Instagram. Implications for the use of social media to promote equity in STEM through outreach programs that feature women STEM role models are discussed.
Pelaksanaan Perjanjian Kerjasama Bumdes Kelapa Sawit Dengan Pihak Kedua Di Desa Jelutih Kecamatan Batin XXIV
Authors: HS Asmida , Naili Hidayah Lili
Published: February 2024

This study aims to determine the position, authority, and responsibility of the parties in the memorandum of cooperation agreement. This study uses empirical juridical research methods. Based on these objectives, the formulation of the problem is obtained, namely how are the positions and authorities, and what are the responsibilities of the parties in the memorandum of agreement on cooperation between Palm Oil BUMDes and Second Parties in Jelutih Village, Batin District XXIV?. The research is expected to be useful for developing knowledge and insight in practicing scientific thinking skills in making scientific papers, and can be input for Palm Oil BUMDes with Second Parties in Jelutih Village, Batin District XXIV. From the results of the study, it is known that 1) The position and authority of the parties in the memorandum of agreement of cooperation are BUMDes Jelutih as the first party, namely as the provider of business funds (capital), while the Head of the Oil Palm Nursery Unit (second party) as the recipient of the power of attorney to carry out seed sales activities dominant palm oil. 2) The responsibility of the parties in the memorandum of understanding of cooperation is that the first party provides business funds and divides the business results in a 60:40 pattern, namely 60% for the first party and 40% for the second party, while the second party's responsibility is to carry out the work until all the seeds are planted. sold, control all the work in the field in the sale of oil palm seeds, and be responsible.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kedudukan, kewenangan, dan tanggung jawab para pihak dalam nota kesepakatan kerja sama. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis empiris. Berdasarkan tujuan tersebut diperoleh rumusan masalah yaitu bagaimana kedudukan dan kewenangan, dan bagaimana tanggung jawab para pihak dalam nota kesepakatan kerjasama BUMDes Kelapa Sawit dengan Pihak Kedua di Desa Jelutih Kecamatan Batin XXIV?. Penelitian diharapkan dapat bermanfaat untuk mengembangkan pengetahuan dan wawasan dalam melatih kemampuan berpikir ilmiah dalam pembuatan karya ilmiah, dan dapat menjadi masukan bagi BUMDes Kelapa Sawit dengan Pihak Kedua di Desa Jelutih Kecamatan Batin XXIV. Dari hasil penelitian, diketahui bahwa 1) Kedudukan dan kewenangan para pihak dalam nota kesepakatan kerja sama yaitu BUMDes Jelutih sebagai pihak pertama yaitu sebagai pemberi dana (modal) usaha, sedangkan Kepala Unit Pembibitan Sawit (pihak kedua) selaku penerima kuasa untuk melaksanakan kegiatan penjualan bibit sawit yang sangat mendominasi. 2) Tanggung jawab para pihak dalam nota kesepakatan kerja sama yaitu pihak pertama memberikan dana usaha dan membagi hasil usaha dengan pola 60:40 yaitu 60% untuk pihak pertama dan 40% untuk pihak kedua, sedangkan tanggung jawab pihak kedua adalah melaksanakan pekerjaan sampai semua bibit terjual, mengontrol semua pekerjaan di lapangan dalam penjualan bibit sawit, dan bertanggung jawab.
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Klausula Eksonerasi Pada Perjanjian Pinjam Meminjam Uang Dalam Layanan Pinjaman Online (Fintech Peer To Peer Lending)
Authors: Dewi Ariyani Novi
Published: February 2024

This study aims to discuss legal issues, namely the void of norms because POJK No.77/POJK.01/2016 concerning information technology-based money-lending services with the terms and conditions of fintech p2p lending providers are not in line with their practices and can cause legal problems because there is no protection. law for lenders in the practice of online lending and borrowing money services so that it can lead to legal conflicts and the absence of legal certainty or special rules regarding the transfer of responsibility from the organizer, of course, is quite detrimental to its users (lenders). Based on the issues studied, the authors use a type of normative legal research which studies legal materials, both primary and secondary legal materials. Normative research places law as a system of norms because this type of research looks at aspects of understanding a legal norm contained in a law and norms that live and develop in society. The nature of the research used is analytical descriptive, the author tries to describe events and incidents that are the center of attention without giving special treatment to these events. The Consumer Protection Law prohibits the inclusion of exoneration clauses related to information technology-based money lending and borrowing agreements, but OJK provisions do not explicitly regulate the legal consequences of including exoneration clauses so that there is a void in norms and can lead to legal conflicts so that harmonization of these norms is necessary.
Surgical Approach to Necrotizing Fasciitis in the Buccal Fat Pad
Authors: Kim Jeeyoon , Seo Haejin , Lee Junho , Ryoo Hyun Jung , Shin Jongweon
Published: February 2024

Cervicofacial necrotizing fasciitis (CNF) of the face is a rare and potentially life-threatening bacterial infection that requires immediate intervention. CNF involving the buccal fat pad particularly demands surgical drainage, with attention to the surrounding anatomical structures to prevent vascular or nerve damage. In this study, we reviewed the anatomy of buccal fat pads to suggest appropriate surgical approaches. A retrospective chart review was conducted on seven patients with CNF who had a buccal fat pad abscess requiring surgical incision and drainage between January 2022 and August 2023. Abscesses within the central buccal fat pad and its pterygoid extensions were drained via intraoral incisions. Abscesses in the temporal extension were addressed by the Dingman approach. All patients underwent our surgical drainage regimen combined with proper intravenous antibiotics, leading to successful treatment of CNF without significant functional sequelae, with an average stay of 18.71 days. The buccal fat pad, which corresponds to the deep space of the face, is surrounded by vital structures such as the facial artery, vein, nerve, and parotid duct. When treating abscesses in the buccal fat pad, it is important to understand the relationship of the fat pad to other vital structures for optimal outcomes.
High-Pressure Paint Gun Injury of the Thumb: A Case of Reconstruction Using a Reverse Thenar Perforator-Based Island Flap
Authors: Lee Jang Hyun , Park Sang Hyun , Chang Jungwoo
Published: February 2024

Hand injuries due to high-pressure paint gun devices are rare but may lead to serious outcomes. The authors describe a case of a high-pressure injury of the thumb that was managed promptly and later reconstructed successfully with minimal functional deficit. A 39-year-old man with a high-pressure paint gun injury of the right thumb was referred. Though the external wound was small, X-ray and computed tomography images showed extensive spread of paint inside. The paint was removed through a wide skin incision. After 6 weeks, the surgical wound had completely healed, except for a defect around the interphalangeal joint with bone exposure. A reverse thenar perforator-based island flap based on the princeps pollicis artery was elevated and moved to the defect. After defect reconstruction, the patient recovered pinch and grasp function through physiotherapy. High-pressure paint gun injuries of the thumb can lead to significant functional deficits of the hand. A small skin lesion may cause the actual extent of damage to be underestimated, as extensive penetration of paint can cause severe damage to the soft tissues. Thus, immediate surgical removal of the paint and coverage of the remnant wounds with an appropriate flap are necessary.
Epitafios y requetés
Authors: Imanol Abad Martinez
Published: February 2024

Este proyecto de tesis parte de la noción del requeté, cuestionando si éste podría ser un término subversivo a la hora de tratar la masculinidad en el arte. Para ello deberemos abordar primeramente la noción de lo masculino. Una vez activado dicho término haremos una exploración de lo biopolítico partiendo de autores como M. Foucault, F. Nietzsche o P. B. Preciado. Finalmente trataremos el término requeté no solo desde su contexto, sino desde su potencialidad en la actualidad, buscando así los límites de su performatividad.
The effect of COVID-19 pandemic on emotional wellbeing of education instructors: A perspective of Kenya’s private schools
Authors: Busolo Hillary , Jerop Caren , Omulando Carolyne
Published: February 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic phenomenon generated inordinate strain and experiences across a wide range of sectors in Kenya, with the education segment introduced to its own set of unique challenges. Some instructors in private learning institutions joined the job seeking market once again as several schools indefinitely closed down. This often-needed reskilling and turned out to be frustrating as the job opportunities kept shrinking rapidly. This study looked at the effect of COVID-19 pandemic education disruption on emotional wellbeing of education instructors, with a focus on private schools’ teachers in Kenya. Data was collected from 367 respondents who completed a closed ended questionnaire and quantitative analysis was undertaken. The results revealed that there is a significant effect of COVID-19 pandemic education disruption on private school teachers’ emotional wellbeing. The prediction equation based on the unstandardized coefficients was statistically significant, F 1,365 = 46.035, p < 0.001 and accounted for approximately 11.2% of the variance of emotional wellbeing (R2 = 0.112, Adjusted R2 = 0.110). Therefore, hypothesis stated as COVID-19 pandemic education disruption has no significant effect on Kenyan private school teachers’ emotional wellbeing was not supported. The moderating effect of emotional and physical support did not significantly account for more variance with R2 Change = .009, p > .024. The findings supported the hypothesis that emotional and physical support does not moderate the effect of Covid-19 pandemic education disruption on Kenya private school teachers’ emotional wellbeing.
The role of guidance and counselling services in addressing indiscipline among secondary school students in Nigeria
Authors: Lasisi Adekola Kamil , Adeoye Moses Adeleke
Published: February 2024

This study examines the correlation between guidance and counselling services and senior students' indiscipline in Ilorin South Local Government Area. The research utilized a correlational approach, collecting data through questionnaires distributed to 150 senior students in selected schools out of 67 secondary schools in Ilorin South LGA. The findings indicate a significant relationship between the availability and effectiveness of guidance and counselling services and the prevalence of indiscipline among senior students. The study revealed that there is a significant relationship between appraisal service and indiscipline among secondary school students in Ilorin South LGA. It also shows that there is a significant relationship between guidance counselling services and senior students’ indiscipline in Ilorin South LGA and there is a significant relationship between guidance information service and senior students’ indiscipline in Ilorin South L.G.A. The study highlights the importance of these support services in addressing indiscipline issues and emphasizes the need for their proper implementation to foster a disciplined and conducive learning environment. It was recommended that Raise awareness about the importance of guidance and counselling services and reduce any stigma associated with seeking help. Students should feel comfortable seeking assistance without fear of judgment or discrimination.
ULF Wave Transport of Relativistic Electrons in the Van Allen Belts: Criteria for Transition to Radial Diffusion
Authors: Li Zhi-Gu , Mann Ian , Ozeke Louis Godwin , Olifer Leonid , Degeling Alexander William
Published: February 2024

Relativistic electrons in the radiation belts can be transported as a
result of wave-particle interactions (WPI) with ultra-low frequency
(ULF) waves. Such WPI are often assumed to be diffusive, parametric
models for the radial diffusion coefficient often being used to assess
the rates of radial transport. However, these WPI transition from
initially coherent interactions to the diffusive regime over a finite
time, this time depending on the ULF wave power spectral density, and
local resonance conditions. Further, in the real system on the
timescales of a single storm, interactions with finite discrete modes
may be more realistic. Here, we use a particle-tracing model to simulate
the dynamics of outer radiation belt electrons in the presence of a
finite number of discrete frequency modes. We characterize the point of
the onset of diffusion as a transition from separate discrete
interactions in terms of wave parameters by using the “two-thirds”
overlap criterion (Lichtenberg & Lieberman, 1992), a comparison between
the distance between, and the widths of, the electron’s primary resonant
islands in phase space. Further, we find the particle decorrelation time
in our model system with typical parameters to be on the timescale of
hours, which only afterwards can the system be modeled by
one-dimensional radial diffusion. Direct comparison of particle
transport rates in our model with previous analytic diffusion
coefficient formulations show good agreement at times beyond the
decorrelation time. These results are critical for determining the time
periods and conditions under which ULF wave radial diffusion theory can
be applied.