bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Methamphetamine and HIV-1 Tat protein synergistically induce endoplasmic reticulum stress to promote TRIM13-mediated neuronal autophagy
Authors: Wang Chan , Yang Genmeng , Huang Jian , Tian Yunqing , Leung Chi-Kwan , Miao Lin , Wang Haowei , Li Yi , Huang Yizhen , Teng Hanxin , Liu Liu , Li Juan , Zeng Xiaofeng
Published: August 2024

Co-exposure to methamphetamine (METH) abuse and HIV infection exacerbates central nervous system damage. However, the underlying mechanisms of this process remain poorly understood. This study aims to explore the roles of neuronal autophagy in the synergistic damage to the central nervous system caused by METH and HIV proteins. Models of METH and HIV-1 Tat protein co-exposure were established using tree shrews, primary neurons, and SH-SY5Y cells. Co-exposure to METH and HIV-1 Tat protein significantly increased the distance traveled, mean velocity, and stereotyped behaviors of tree shrews in the open field test. Western blot analysis revealed that Co-exposure to METH and HIV-1 Tat protein markedly increased the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-associated proteins (p-ERK, IRE1, ATF6, and Bip) and autophagy markers (ATG7, ATG5, Beclin1, and LC3II). Conversely, Co-exposure to METH and HIV-1 Tat protein significantly downregulated the expressions of p62 and TRIM13. Immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that Pre-treatment with the ERS inhibitor 4-PBA or TRIM13-siRNA rescued the abnormal behaviors induced by METH and HIV-1 Tat protein co-exposure in tree shrews and restored the expression of ERS-related and autophagy-related proteins. Additionally, TRIM13 was found to interact with autophagy-related proteins, including p62, Beclin1, and LC3II by immunoprecipitation assays. Our findings suggest for the first time that METH and HIV-1 Tat protein synergistically induce neuronal autophagy through ERS pathways, with TRIM13 playing a pivotal regulatory role in this process.
Exploring Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence for Sickle Cell Anemia Research: A VOSviewer-Based Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Subash C , Santhi K , Yahya Abid , Sunil S , S Buvanashankar C. , Chellatamilan T
Published: August 2024

From the Scopus database,around 36,592 records related to Sickle cell anemia were collected .These 36,592 papers were trimmed down to 7,438,where all the selected papers are open-access papers and are published between 2020 and 2024.This is done for the reason that this research would resonate with current research trends.Furthermore,using filters such as type of article, current stage of publication, the origin of papers’ contributions, relevant keywords, and publishing language,144 papers were selected and used for the bibliometric Analysis.Though these 144 is a small collection of papers, it balances the depth and manageability in our bibliomet-ric analysis while still resonating with current research trends.VOSviewer-Visualizing scientific landscapes, is used for the visualization and the bibliometric to get the critical research trends, thematic clusters, and linkages within the field.Using VOSviewer has let us to discover concealed associations, pinpoint the research banks and also to highlight the prominent researchers and institutes, who are promoting collaborations.With VOSviewer’s super powers on the above entities , coupling it with advanced methodologies like AI/ML has made us reshape the research of Sickle Cell Anemia.Utilizing machine learning for disease severity prediction and setting up treatment pipeline.
Wheel-rail contact area image segmentation method based on Deeplabv3+
Authors: Zheng Yunshui , Cai Mengyao
Published: August 2024

The contact curve can be extracted from the wheel-rail contact image to better study the wheel-rail contact relationship. To solve this problem, an improved Deeplabv3 + semantic segmentation model is proposed. Firstly, the feature extraction network in the original Deeplabv3 + model was optimized to lightweight MobileNetv2 to reduce the number of model parameters. Secondly, the original parallel atrous spatial pyramid pooling was optimized into a closely connected structure to improve the network extraction capability. Finally, the dual attention mechanism was added after the backbone network was extracted to improve the accuracy of the model. Experiments on wheel-rail contact image dataset showed that the improved model has good real-time performance, and the mean pixel accuracy is 88.72%, the mean intersection over union is 85.84%, and the F1-score is 91.48%, which are 2.29%, 2.63% and 2.15% higher than the original model, respectively. The method can be used as an effective method for wheel-rail contact image segmentation.
Deformation behavior in the tube hydro-pressing of rectangular cross-section components
Authors: Luan Yilin , Zhuang Yongpeng , Wang Gang , Han Cong
Published: August 2024

Tube hydro-pressing is a new ultra-low pressure forming method proposed in recent years to address the problem of ultra-high forming pressure required by conventional hydroforming processes in forming high-strength materials or extreme size components. It changes the conventional hydroforming method of die closing before bulging to pressing after filling with liquid, which significantly reduces the forming pressure and makes it possible to form high-strength materials or extremely small round radii and large-sized components. Wrinkling is the main defect in the tube hydro-pressing process, therefore, the key to forming is to control wrinkling. Based on this, a critical wrinkling theoretical model is established for tube hydro-pressing based on plastic strain theory and energy conservation theorem. Experimental and numerical simulation studies were conducted on tube hydro-pressing, and the effects of the internal pressure and the compression ratio on thickness distribution and fillet filling were discussed. The accuracy of the theoretical model was verified by the experimental results, and the process window for tube hydro-pressing of a rectangular cross-section component was obtained. The results indicate that the critical internal pressure for tube hydro-pressing depends on the strength coefficient, hardening index, and compression ratio. The thickness of the sidewall is related to the internal pressure and compression ratio, and the greater the internal pressure, the poorer the uniformity of the sidewall thickness. The greater the compression ratio, the thicker the sidewall. The maximum thickening of the hydro-pressed part reached 13.4% when the compression ratio is 4%. In addition, the larger the compression ratio, the smaller the fillet radius. A rectangular tube with a corner radius of only 3.0mm was manufactured when the compression ratio is 4%. It can be concluded that the critical wrinkling pressure theoretical model is effective in predicting wrinkling, which provides theoretical guidance for the tube hydro-pressing method, accurately predicts wrinkling defects, and ensures the realization of large compression ratios.
Discovering Therapeutic Candidates for Lung Cancer via PDK3 Inhibition – A drug repurposing approach
Authors: Khan Zeba Firdos , Rathi Aanchal , Khan Afreen , Anjum Farah , Chaudhury Arunabh , Taiyab Aaliya , Shamsi Anas , Hassan Md. Imtaiyaz
Published: August 2024

Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) can control the catalytic activity of pyruvate decarboxylation oxidation through the mitochondrial PD complex. Additionally, glycolysis is connected to the production of ATP and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. One up-and-coming method for curing metabolic illnesses like heart failure, cancer, and diabetes is by controlling the expression or activity of PDKs. To find possible bioactive inhibitors of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 3 (PDK3), we used a structural-based virtual large-scale analysis of bioactive chemical compounds from the FDA-approved database. Using FDA-approved compounds for the analysis leverages existing safety and efficacy data, significantly accelerating the drug repurposing process. This screening process found two naturally occurring substances with strong affinity and specificity for the PDK3 binding site: bagrosin and dehydrocholic acid. Structural-based investigations provided a precise identification of compounds that fit the active site of PDK3, with desirable binding characteristics, optimizing drug-target interactions. Both substances interact with residues on ATP-binding sites of PDK3 preferentially. Additionally, all-atom molecular dynamic (MD) simulations were used to assess the consistency and dynamics of PDK3 interaction with bagrosin and dehydrocholic acid, and the results indicated that both complexes were stable. The findings might be used to develop innovative PDK3 inhibitors that could be used to treat severe illnesses like cancer. Compounds identified from the FDA-approved database are more likely to have known pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics profiles, facilitating their transition into clinical trials.
Accurate Assembly of Full-length Consensus for Viral Quasispecies
Authors: Gao Ziyu , Tian Jia , Li Minghao , Bao Ergude , Zhao Jin
Published: August 2024

Viruses can inhabit their hosts in the form of an ensemble of various mutant strains. Reconstructing a robust consensus representation for these diverse mutant strains is essential for recognizing the genetic variations among strains and delving into aspects like virulence, pathogenesis, and selecting therapies. Virus genomes are typically small, often composed of only a few thousand to several hundred thousand nucleotides. While constructing a high-quality consensus of virus strains might seem feasible, most current assemblers can only generate fragmented contigs. It's important to emphasize the significance of assembling a single full-length consensus contig, as it's vital for identifying genetic diversity and estimating strain abundance accurately.In this paper, we developed FC-Virus, a de novo genome assembly strategy specifically targeting highly diverse viral populations. FC-Virus initially identifies the homologous k-mers present in the majority of viral strains, and then uses these k-mers as a backbone to build a full-length consensus sequence covering the entir genome. We benchmark FC-Virus against state-of-the-art genome assemblers. Experimental results confirm FC-Virus‘s ability to construct a single accurate full-length consensus, while other assemblers only manage to generate fragmented contigs. FC-Virus is freely available at https://github.com/TheyuGao/FC-Virus.
Innovative Leaf Disease Mapping: Unsupervised Anomaly Detection for Precise Area Estimation
Authors: Johannsen Lucas Chrisph , Khan Ameer Tamoor , Jensen Signe Marie , Kruppa-Scheetz Jochen
Published: August 2024

Detecting and quantifying the diseased regions in a leaf is an important task in plant breeding in order to select plants based on disease resistance. Ratings done by eye and hand are not accurate, can be highly subjective and take a lot of work hours. Using machine learning, it is possible to generate faster more accurate data. By combining modern anomaly detection algorithms with masking algorithms a robust method capable of estimating the infected leaf area was developed, resulting in a novel method with superior results. Using unsupervised models both for the masking and for the detection, the method can easily be used for different kinds of detection tasks.
Pomegranate peel flour as a co-encapsulant improves the survival of lactic acid bacteria in simulated gastrointestinal conditions and thermal treatment
Authors: Totosaus Alfonso , Garrido-Cruz Jorge Luís , Pérez-Álvarez José Ángel , Pérez-Chabela M. Lourdes
Published: August 2024

Pomegranate peel flour was employed as a co-encapsulant of two lactic acid bacteria, by alginate emulsion templated microencapsulation, to enhance their resistance to thermal treatment, acidic pHs and gastric conditions. Samples with pomegranate peel flour increased the tolerance to heat treatment, results consistent with thermal properties related to higher denaturation enthalpy of microcapsules. Co-encapsulated microcapsules also enhanced the survival to low pHs and enhanced almost 60% up the tolerance to bile salts. There was as well an increase in survival rate against in vitro gastric acid conditions due to use of the co-encapsulant. In the scanning electron microscopy, the incorporation of pomegranate peel flour resulted in a rough and porous structure, probably due to certain interference with the formation of spherical microcapsules, although presented similar mean diameter, plus higher cells viability as confirmed by confocal laser microscopy. The obtained results indicate that co-encapsulation with a prebiotic ingredient represents a reinforcement of the physical microcapsule integrity to tolerate food process temperatures, besides retarding the adverse effect of acidic, bile salts, and simulated gastrointestinal conditions. The micro alginate co-encapsulation by ionic gelation with a prebiotic as pomegranate peel flour is a suitable alternative to develop thermal processed functional foods.
Assessment of wildlife abundance indicators, human activities and their dependence on development projects in the Campo-Ma'an National Park, Southern Cameroon
Authors: ENGOLO Gareth Martinien ZO'OBO , ABESSOLO Charles Innocent MEMVI , YAOUBA BASSIROU , MBOG Séverin MBOG , NGOKO Patrice POLMBAYE , BITONDO Dieudonné
Published: August 2024

The accumulation of projects in the vicinity of protected areas can influence the density and abundance of the wildlife species they contain, thereby contributing to the failure to achieve management objectives. The aim of this study is to analyse changes in indicators of wildlife abundance and human activity within the Campo-Ma'an National Park and to assess their dependence on the development projects implemented, in order to take into account the pressures the park is experiencing as a result of their accumulation.To do this, an analysis of the content of 08 documents shows that variations in the number of individuals and kilometre index of abundance of critical species are decreasing, from 335, 1304, 16898 and 0. 1 in 2008 to 114, 718 and 0.012 in 2020 for elephants, great apes and mandrills respectively. Dependency analysis using SPSS shows that elephants, great apes and mandrills have dependencies of -0.722, -0.276 and − 0.596 respectively with the different projects implemented. Analysis of the changes in the human activity indicators shows that they are increasing and that there is a strong dependence on the number of projects, of the order of 0.913. It is therefore necessary to improve the implementation of projects in order for the Park to fulfil its role as a protected area.
Perceptions of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Vaccination Among Racially/Ethnically Diverse Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men With and Without HIV in the US South
Authors: Waldman Jake S. , Alonzo Jorge , Mann-Jackson Lilli , Aguilar-Palma Sandy K. , Garcia Manuel , Smart Benjamin D. , Rhodes Scott D.
Published: August 2024

Background
The impact of COVID-19 on specific populations, including gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM), varies based on a range of factors such as underlying health conditions, access to health care, and other social determinants of health. Our community-based participatory research partnership sought to better understand perceptions about the COVID-19 pandemic, COVID-19 vaccination, and related health care among GBMSM.
Methods
We collected, analyzed, and interpreted qualitative in-depth interview data from a diverse sample of GBMSM (N = 30). Using purposive sampling, we recruited native English (n = 15) and Spanish (n = 15) speakers and persons with HIV (n = 13) and persons without HIV (n = 17). We analyzed interview data using constant comparison, an approach to grounded theory.
Results
Mean age of participants was 33.4 (SD = 8.5). Seventeen themes emerged that were categorized into five domains: trust/mistrust of healthcare professionals, politicians, and the US government (n = 5 themes); engagement in COVID-19 prevention strategies (n = 2 themes); attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination (n = 3 themes); access to and use of health care (n = 4 themes); and impact of COVID-19 on social determinants of health (n = 3 themes).
Conclusions
This research increases our understanding of the COVID-19 pandemic among particularly minoritized and underserved communities: racially/ethnically diverse, English- and Spanish-speaking GBMSM with and without HIV. By addressing the unique needs and concerns of these communities and populations, we can foster more equitable health responses, enhancing both preventive healthcare delivery and preparedness for potential future outbreaks (e.g., monkeypox), epidemics, and pandemics.
Assessing Radioisotope Levels in the Therapeutic Waters and Thermal Springs of Bitlis, Turkey
Authors: Bal Sultan Şahin
Published: August 2024

People have used healing waters and hot springs by drinking or taking a shower for healing and treatment purposes. These waters are generally used without following a procedure (use period, amount, etc.). Using more than a certain amount has benefits but also disadvantages. For this reason, it is very important to examine healing waters and spa waters in terms of many factors. Bitlis province is a province with many hot springs, drinking and mineral water resources due to its geological formation and geographical structure. In this study, some healing water and spa water samples found in Bitlis and its districts and generally known by the local people were examined radiologically using the HPGe gamma spectroscopy system. Some dose parameters were calculated. Annual effective dose equivalent was calculated based on age and type of use (inhalation and ingestion). In addition to dose calculations, some radiological indexes were calculated. ELCR values were also calculated depending on the type of consumption (inhalation and ingestion) of water samples. These results were compared with the critical values determined by some institutions (WHO, UNSCEAR, IAEA) and the results of similar studies.
RETRACTED: Through the Lens of Marketing Authorisation Holders: Experience in Use of Real- World Data and Real-World Evidence in Drug Development and Regulatory Submissions in EU
Authors: Eskola Sini M. , Gigov Aleksandar , Leufkens Hubertus G.M. , Bate Andrew , Bruin Marie Louise , Gardarsdottir Helga
Published: August 2024

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
High-sensitivity nanoscale quantum sensors based on a diamond micro-resonator
Authors: Katsumi Ryota , Takada Kosuke , Kawai Kenta , Sato Daichi , Yatsui Takashi
Published: August 2024

Nitrogen-vacancy centers have demonstrated significant potential as quantum magnetometers for nanoscale phenomena and sensitive field detection, attributed to their exceptional spin coherence at room temperature. However, it is challenging to achieve solid-state magnetometers that can simultaneously possess high spatial resolution and high field sensitivity. Here we demonstrate nanoscale quantum sensing with high field sensitivity by using on-chip diamond micro-ring resonators. The ring resonator enables the efficient use of photons by confining them in a nanoscale region, enabling the magnetic sensitivity of 1.0 μT/√Hz on a photonic chip with a measurement contrast of theoretical limit. We also show that the proposed on-chip approach can improve the sensitivity via efficient light extraction with photonic waveguide coupling. Our work provides a pathway toward the development of chip-scale packaged sensing devices that can detect various nanoscale physical quantities for fundamental science, chemistry, and medical applications.
The effect of flipped classroom on students’ basic psychological needs: autonomy, relatedness and competence and its association with self-esteem
Authors: Avakyan Esma I. , Taylor David C. M
Published: August 2024

Background: Modification of the learning environment enhance academic performance, and meta-motivational skills. Yet it is largely unknown which underlying cause potentiates these effects. The study's goal is to analyze flipped classroom (FC) effect on basic psychological needs and self-esteem.
Methods: 40 undergraduate medical students participated in a one-site two phased study. In Phase I, students attended a traditional lecture-based classroom (TC). In Phase II, the same group attended FC. Upon completion of each Phase students completed two questionnaires: Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction and Frustration Scale, and Rosenberg self-esteem scale.
Results: Autonomy satisfaction was significantly higher in FC (n= 40, z= 5.520, p<.001), the same tendency was seen for Competence satisfaction in FC (n= 40, z= 5.122, p<.001). As for the frustration of all three needs, the statistical difference was observed for all three subscales between TC and FC. In FC, autonomy (n= 40, z= - 5.370, p<.001), relatedness (n= 40, z= 4.187, p<.001), and competence (n= 40, z= - 5.323, p<.001) frustration was significantly lower. Self-esteem was significantly higher in FC (n= 40, z= 5.528, p<.001). In TC self-esteem negatively correlated with autonomy frustration, (r(38) = -.430, p < .01), and competence frustration, (r(38) = -.379, p< .05). In FC, self-esteem positively correlated with autonomy satisfaction (r(38) = .316, p < .05), and competence satisfaction (r(38) = .429, p < .01).
Conclusions: FC better fulfills students’ basic psychological needs, specifically needs for autonomy and competence, and self-esteem compared to TC. Collaborative work, and academic scaffolding, contributes to behavioral engagement of students in the learning process. FC with the main focus on students active involvement may better meet millennials’ needs. Implementing validated questionnaires to measure students’ psychological needs should become a regular practice in medical schools, specifically during the process of curriculum redesign.
Design and Performance Evaluation of an Advanced HVAC System for Health and Comfort in AARC
Authors: Tang XiLu , Xu Wei , Peng Meizhen
Published: August 2024

This study presents the design and comprehensive evaluation of an advanced hybrid fresh air HVAC system for Active Adult Retirement Communities (AARCs). The research addresses the multifaceted environmental needs of elderly residents, focusing on thermal comfort, humidity control, air quality, and energy efficiency. The system incorporates improved humidity control mechanisms, advanced total heat recovery technology, UV sterilization, and adaptive operational strategies to meet the specific requirements of AARCs. Performance evaluation demonstrates the system's ability to maintain optimal indoor conditions year-round, with relative humidity levels between 55% and 60% in winter, effective microbial control, and significant energy savings through heat recovery. User satisfaction surveys and energy consumption analyses confirm the system's efficacy in enhancing resident comfort and well-being while achieving sustainability goals. This integrated approach provides a model for creating healthier, more comfortable living environments in AARCs, balancing the unique needs of elderly residents with operational efficiency.
The Effect of Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) on the Soundness of Banking Companies in Indonesia
Authors: Handrawan Merril Medelin , Rambe Nadia Virginia , Harianto Sandy , Wong Daniel
Published: August 2024

This study examines whether ERM implementation is related to bank performance in Indonesian public banks. Using a sample of 32 public banks for the period of 2017-2021, this study found that ERM implementation are positively and significantly related to overall bank performance, as measured using CAMELS ratio. The results of this study support the argument using signalling and stakeholder theory, which states that banks show their commitment to the risk management process to their stakeholders through disclosure, so as to gain and maintain the trust of stakeholders, which can be reflected in bank performance. This study also found that some bank characteristics, namely age, leverage and share price volatility, have a negative and significant influence on bank performance. Furthermore, as an additional test, this study also found that there is a positive and significant effect of ERM implementation on bank performance during the Covid-19 pandemic period. Lastly, through sub-index analysis this study identifies that better risk organization has a positive and significant influence on bank performance.
Enhancing severe weather predictions with the I-ConvGRU model: An iterative approach for radar echo time series through ConvGRU and RainNet integration
Authors: Yang Rong , Wang Hao , Zhang Fugui , Zeng Qiangyu , Xiong Taisong , Liu Zhihao , Jin Hongfei
Published: August 2024

Precipitation nowcasting plays a crucial role in disaster prevention and mitigation. Existing forecasting models often underutilize output data, leading to suboptimal forecasting performance. To tackle this issue, we introduce the I-ConvGRU model, a novel radar echo timing prediction model that synergizes the temporal dynamics optimization of ConvGRU with the spatial feature enhancement capabilities of RainNet. The model forecasts future scenarios by processing 10 sequential time-series images as input while employing skip connections to boost its spatial feature representation further. Evaluation of the radar echo data set from the Hong Kong Hydrological and Meteorological Bureau spanning from 2009 to 2015 demonstrates the I-ConvGRU model's superiority, with reductions of 17(3.8%) and 49(3.2%) in MSE and MAE metrics, respectively, compared with the TrajGRU model; meanwhile, the I-ConvGRU model had 52(5.8%) and 144(3.8%) lower values on the B-MSE and B-MAE metrics, respectively, than the slightly better performing TrajGRU model. Notably, it significantly improves the prediction of severe precipitation events, with the CSI and HSS metrics increasing by 0.0251(9.6%) and 0.0277(6.8%). These results affirm the model's enhanced effectiveness in radar echo forecasting, particularly in predicting heavy rainfall events.
Introducción. Autoritarismo, insurgencias populares y movimientos obreros en América Latina
Authors: Nowak Jörg , Santana Marco A.
Published: August 2024

Introducción al número 97 de Apuntes, dedicado al tema "Autoritarismo, Insurgencias Populares y Movimientos Obreros en América Latina"
Alcance, fundamentos y objetivos del Open Banking: planteamiento de las problemáticas de su implementación y posibles soluciones
Authors: Jiménez Alemán José Alonzo
Published: August 2024

Este trabajo establece las bases conceptuales del Open Banking y analiza su situación en Perú y otros países. Para ello, se examinan argumentos técnicos y aspectos regulatorios necesarios para su implementación, como la seguridad y eficiencia en la transmisión de datos. En Perú, se define el modelo adecuado, tipo de información a compartir, los riesgos asociados y la compensación para las entidades que compartan datos.
Graphene-Based Gene and Drug Delivery Systems Innovations and Applications
Authors: Azeem Kashish , Bhatt Shalini , Pathak Rakshit , Siddiqui M. Tahir
Published: August 2024

Recent progress in the nanotechnology sector has abetted to mitigate the
drawbacks associated with conventional therapies' limited effectiveness and medication
efficacy after the in vivo drug delivery. In this regard, graphene; a 2D nanomaterial; has
emerged as one of the wonder materials in medication delivery systems. Since the
discovery of its capabilities in a biological system in 2008, numerous improvements
and developments have been made till now in the therapeutic application of graphenebased materials. Additionally, it has been imparted with specific biological activities by
both covalent and non-covalent surface revamping which further improves their
biocompatibility and colloidal stability. Due to their hexagonal lattice and high surface
area, they possess the astounding ability to provide high drug loading capacity via
simple preparation methods, which makes them a more fecund material in comparison
with other drug delivery systems. The present chapter outlines the exclusive drug and
gene delivery applications of graphene-based materials and discusses their up-to-date
advances. The chapter also discusses in detail how the integration of graphene and
polymers makes them ideal as a delivery system in tissue engineering and nanomedicine for therapeutic approaches. The outlook presented here may help invoke deep
insights into the nanotechnology-based drug delivery system for future research.
Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Response of Perovskites
Authors: Kharbanda Saarthak , Verma Ritesh , Wan Fayu , Thakur Preeti , Thakur Atul
Published: August 2024

Perovskite materials, with their unique properties and distinct crystal
structure, have proven themselves as one of the most promising materials for various
advanced technological applications. The exploration of ferroelectric and piezoelectric
materials has gained significant attention in the field of condensed matter physics and
materials science, and consequently, it is giving an edge to nanoengineered materials.
This book chapter presents a comprehensive exploration of the ferroelectric and
piezoelectric response exhibited by perovskite materials based on their crystal structure
and other governing properties. The chapter begins with an introduction to perovskite
structures, highlighting their crystallographic arrangement and the underlying
principles governing their ferroelectric and piezoelectric behaviors. Finally, the chapter
explores the diverse technological applications enabled by the unique ferroelectric and
piezoelectric properties of perovskites. It discusses their utilization in sensors,
actuators, energy harvesting devices, memory storage, and other emerging fields. The
chapter concludes with an outlook on future directions and challenges in the field. The
extensive study of the ferroelectric and piezoelectric response of perovskites will serve
as a valuable resource for researchers, engineers, and students seeking to understand
the underlying principles, characterization techniques, and potential applications of
perovskite material.
Anti-Microbial Activity of Perovskites
Authors: Elango Abinaya , Radhakrishnan Arunkumar , Chauhan Ankush
Published: August 2024

Perovskites can be used to develop new drugs and materials to combat
antimicrobial resistance. These materials are useful in the field of biomedicine due to
their chemical properties. They can also be used in the treatment of cancer and other
diseases. Researchers are investigating the fate and behavior of perovskites in the
environment to assess any potential risks and develop appropriate disposal and
recycling methods. Perovskite materials have emerged as a new class of antimicrobial
agents with potential applications in various fields. Their unique crystal structure,
synthesis methods, and mechanisms of antimicrobial activity make them promising
alternatives or add-on agents to conventional antimicrobial agents. The antimicrobial
activity of perovskites presents new opportunities for addressing the challenges posed
by antimicrobial resistance. Continued research and development efforts are necessary
to optimize perovskite synthesis, enhance their stability, evaluate their toxicity, and
explore their practical applications in healthcare, water purification, food preservation,
textiles, and environmental remediation. In summary, the antimicrobial activity of
perovskite materials holds great promise in combating infectious diseases and
addressing the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance. Continued research and
technological advancements in this field can contribute to the development of effective
and sustainable antimicrobial strategies.
Perovskites for Bone Replacement
Authors: Bhardwaj Leena , Kumari Supriya , Kumar Vijay , Sun A.C , Thakur Atul , Thakur Preeti
Published: August 2024

Similar to other transition metal oxides with the same formula, ABO3
,
perovskite has a cubic or nearly cubic structure. According to where the electron and
energy band gaps are located, perovskite materials can be divided into three categories,
with the third combining the first two. The first type has localized electrons while the
second type has delocalized energy-band states, and the third type is a transition
between the abovementioned two types. There are several types of perovskites,
including Layered Perovskite, Perovskite ABO3
, Double Perovskite, and Triple
Perovskite. The important characteristics relevant to oxide and oxide-like perovskite
crystals are insulator-metal transition, ionic conduction characteristics, dielectric,
superconducting, alteration of solid-state phenomenon, and metallic properties.
Recently, a number of perovskite applications, including those for random access
memories, actuators, tunable microwave displays, piezoelectric devices, transducers,
wireless communications, sensors, and capacitors, have been investigated.
Electrochromic, photochromic, and filtering devices all demonstrate perovskite's great
utility in surface acoustic wave signal processing.
Neurotrauma and Neurodegenerative Treatment Using Perovskites
Authors: Kumar Vijay , Bhardwaj Leena , Saxsena Akshara
Published: August 2024

Neurodegenerative disease (ND) is a progressive neurological condition that
leads to damage to the neuronal connection essential for various sensory, motor and
cognitive functions. Neurotrauma (NT) is an external injury to the brain or spinal cord.
The incidence and prevalence of ND and NT are alarmingly increasing owing to
several factors such as food intake, modern lifestyle, increased life expectancy and
several other comorbid conditions. The identification of novel materials that can cross
the BBB and delay or deny the onset and progress of neuropathophysiology of ND is
essential. Perovskite, a nanomaterial with some specific characteristics such as
semiconducting, photoemitting, photothermal, ferromagnetic and cations exchange
properties, fosters the need for further exploration in the treatment of NDs and
neurotrauma (NT). With subsequent research, the toxic side effects of perovskite are
also minimized with the synthesis of lead-free perovskite. Various computational
models, such as neuro-morphic networking, are used to explore the ability of
perovskites to facilitate neural synapsis in NDs and NT. Potential identification of the
novel pathway of ND directs in modifying the strategic intervention of ND. Initial
findings regarding the application of perovskites in the treatment of NDs and NT have
shown promising outcomes that need further exploration.
POLLUTION LEVEL IN RANU KLAKAH, LUMAJANG, EAST JAVA
Authors:   Brawijaya University, Amrillah Attabik Mukhammad , Salamah Lutfi Ni`Matus ,   Brawijaya University, Amin Abd. Aziz ,   Brawijaya University, Setyoningrum Desy ,   Brawijaya University
Published: August 2024

The increase in population, tourist activities and fish farming with floating net cages, whose waste is thrown directly into the Ranu Klakah, lead to pollution. The aim of this study is to determine the level of pollution in the ecosystem of Ranu Klakah Lake. The research method is descriptive. Water samples were collected at 3 stations, between 09.00 and 13.00 WIB. Measured water quality parameters: Temperature, TSS, DO, pH, ammonia, orthophosphate, nitrite, nitrate, BOD, COD. The analysis results were compared with the Water Quality Standard No. II as stipulated in the Regulation of the Government of the Republic of Indonesia No. 82 of 2001, which relates to water quality management and pollution control. Analysis of pollution level using the Storet method. According to the research results, there are two stations that have a moderate level of pollution. The data confirms that the waters of Ranu Klakah are generally moderately polluted. Community activities in fish farming, tourism and waste disposal contribute to the state of water pollution in Ranu Klakah. It is hoped that the results of this study will provide the relevant stakeholders with initial information for structuring the Ranu Klakah area
Profiling Rosmarinic Acid and Sinensetin Content of Orthosiphon aristatus. from Three Different Locations with Variety Ethanol Concentration
Authors: Ramadhani Novia Putri , Murti Yosi Bayu , Gani Andayana Puspitasari
Published: August 2024

Orthosiphon aristatus is a well-known medicinal plant acknowledged for its therapeutic effect in treating urinary tract diseases, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and arthritis. It is widely used as an ingredient in herbal medicine and distributed throughout the world, including China, Europe and Indonesia. Sinensetin are normally used as chemical marker to evaluate and control the quality of O. aristatus. However, in 2021, the European Medicines Agency changed the marker to rosmarinic acid. In order to determine the levels of rosmarinic acid and sinensetin in O. aristatus as well as the correlation between the two compounds, this study used high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a UV detector to analyze O. aristatus extract from three distinct locations with four different ethanol concentrations (96%, 75%, 50%, and 25%). Results showed that higher levels of rosmarinic acid was obtained in extractions using binary. Meanwhile, higher sinensetin content in O. aristatus were obtained by 96% ethanol (Klaten) and hydro-ethanol (Sleman, Bantul). In addition, this study discovered that the sinensetin levels had an inverse correlation with rosmarinic acid levels. It can be concluded that the rosmarinic acid and sinensetin contents are influenced by growing locations and ethanol concentrations.
Analisis Manajemen Inventori Consumable Goods Dotting Gloves dengan Metode Buffer Stock dan Reorder Point
Authors: Achmad Fikry  , Sugiyanto Sugiyanto , Aisyah Nyayu , Prihadianto Braam Delfian
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimalkan pengendalian inventori consumable goods pada item dotting gloves di salah satu perusahaan alat berat. Proses pengendalian inventori menggunakan metode perhitungan matematis yaitu persediaan tambahan (buffer stock) dan titik pemesanan kembali (reorder point) serta perancangan sistem aplikasi inventori berbasis web. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi kehabisan stok (stock out) secara berulang pada item sarung tangan (dotting gloves). Pada tahun 2023, persediaan awal item ini mengalami stock out selama 4 bulan. Frekuensi pembelian dotting gloves terhitung sedikit, hanya dilakukan 2 kali dalam waktu 5 bulan. Setelah menghitung buffer stock dan reorder point, perusahaan disarankan untuk melakukan pemesanan kembali ketika stok dotting gloves mencapai angka 83 pasang atau 7 lusin untuk menjaga keberlangsungan operasional perusahaan. Selanjutnya dibuat aplikasi manajemen inventori berbasis web untuk mendeteksi reorder point pada item dotting gloves secara otomatis.
Research on the Comovement of Business Cycles and International Economic Policy Coordination
Authors: Li Jiawei
Published: August 2024

With the acceleration of globalization, the co-movement of economic cycles and the coordination of international economic policies have become an important topic in economic research. The economic cycle is an inevitable fluctuation in economic activities, usually characterized by alternating expansion and contraction, and these fluctuations not only affect the economic conditions of a single country, but also have a profound impact on the international level. The purpose of this paper is to explore the performance of business cycle coordination and its impact on international economic policy coordination. Through the in-depth analysis of the theory of business cycle, this paper will elaborate the formation mechanism and stage characteristics of business cycle, and explore the mutual influence and transmission mechanism of business cycle between different countries.
Distribution Pattern and Influencing Factors of Highly Educated Talents in Guangdong Province from 2000 to 2020 based on GIS and GeoDetector Model
Authors: Lin Zhentao
Published: August 2024

Nowadays, in the context of globalization and informatization, highly educated talents (HET) have become an important driving force for the economic and social development of countries and regions. Therefore, analyzing the geographical factors related to talent can provide important references for the formulation of regional talent introduction policies and talent management. From this perspective, this study uses the data of the Chinese population census from 2000 to 2020, analyzes the distribution pattern and primary influencing factors of HET in Guangdong Province in the past 20 years through the Theil index, multiple linear regression model (MLR), and GeoDetector model, and proposes optimization suggestions on this basis. Study has shown that: (1) Guangdong's HET are concentrated in economically developed cities in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region, presenting a spatial distribution pattern of "dense in the PRD region, sparse in other regions," with Guangzhou and Shenzhen having the highest talent density. (2) There was a significant difference in the change rate of high educated talent density among cities in the province before and after 2010. The growth rate was relatively fast before 2010, but slowed down after 2010. The change rate of talent proportion shows a trend of "fast growth in the PRD region and slow growth in other regions." (3) The imbalance between the density and proportion of HET among cities is on the rise. Through the analysis of the geographic detector model, it was found that administrative hierarchy, scientific research environment, and economic opportunities are the three main factors affecting the distribution pattern of HET in Guangdong Province.
The Role of Surau Godang in Improving Religious Literacy: Study at the Minangkabau Community in West Sumatra
Authors: Al Syaifullah Shalahuddin , Arifin Syamsul , Muthohirin Nafik
Published: August 2024

This study aims to examine the role of Surau Godang in the process of forming community religious literacy which is integrated with the local wisdom values of the residents of Jorong, Kociak City, West Sumatra. Various religious literacy taught to children, youth, and parents is carried out in various forms, such as memorization of the Qur'an, regular religious submissions, silek (silat), youth seminars, and others. This article also analyzes the effectiveness of Islamic science learning methods in shaping the morals of the community and what challenges and opportunities are faced by the Surau Godang in forming the morals of Minangkabau youth. This research was conducted using a case study approach in Jorong Koto Kocyak, West Sumatra. Meanwhile, the data collection technique uses interview, observation, and documentation methods. The results of the study concluded several religious literacy activities that support the moral formation of Muslims, including routine recitation attended by elderly groups, as well as Qur'an memorization activities, pencak silat (silek), and religious group discussions for children and youth.
Hubungan Indikasi Tingkat Adiksi Ponsel Pintar Dengan Konsentrasi Belajar Pada Pelajar Sma Jakarta
Authors: Khoirunisa Irbah , Susanto Joko , Yasiro Takashi
Published: August 2024

Penggunaan ponsel pintar semakin bertambah dikarenakan adanya perkembangan teknologi yang semakin pesat serta sangat mudah diakses dari berbagai golongan umur. Di Indonesia penggunaan ponsel pintar yang terhubung dengan internet sebanyak 95,4%. Penggunaan terus menerus yang menyebabkan gangguan pada kegiatan sehari-hari dapat menyebabkan Adiksi Ponsel Pintar. Pada Pelajar Penggunaan ponsel pintar dapat menganggu konsentrasi belajar yang menyebabkan terganggunya proses belajar mengajar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional pada pelajar SMAN 47 Jakarta. Kuesioner yang digunakan adalah kuesioner Smartphone Addiction Scale Short Version (SAS-SV) dan Learning Consentration yang sudah di translasi ke bahasa Indonesia dan memiliki nilai alpha cornbach 0,911 untuk SAS-SV dan 0.9050 learning consentration Hasil gambaran Tingkat Adiksi Ponsel Pintar dan Konsentrasi Belajar yang selanjutnya akan dilihat hubungannya dengan uji statistik Chi-Square. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tidak didapatkan hubungan bermakna antara indikasi ponsel pintar dengan konsentrasi belajar siswa (P=0,506).
Hematological parameters of COVID-19 patients at Jakarta Pondok Kopi Islamic Hospital
Authors: Sanjaya Arief Indra , Martalena Dewi , Maki Naoki
Published: August 2024

Background: The 2019 Corona Virus Disease (Covid-19) has become a pandemic. As of 15 January 2021, 223 countries have been infected, with a total number of 92,262,621 confirmed cases, and 1,995,037 deaths. In Indonesia, as of the same date, there were 896,642 confirmed cases and 25,767 deaths.1 Diagnosis of COVID-19 is based on real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results on oropharyngeal/nasopharyngeal swab samples.2 A basic hematological examination is also conducted on patients with suspected COVID-19. The results of baseline hematological examinations are thought to be a predictor of the patient being infected with COVID-19 before the RT-PCR results are released. The purpose of this study is to identify the hematological parameters of COVID-19 patients at Pondok Kopi Islamic Hospital in Jakarta (RSIJ PK) in order to provide an overview of the hematological parameters that can be used to predict the possibility of a patient being infected with COVID-19.
Methods: The study adopted a cross-sectional approach, using the database on COVID-19 patients at Pondok Kopi Islamic Hospital. Data variables were categorized and described by frequency and percentage. Statistical analysis was conducted using the likelihood ratio test and SPSS (statistical package for the social sciences) version 26.
Results: The number of research respondents was 250, with 142 males (56.8%). The majority of participants were between the ages of 40 and 59, at 127 (50.8%). Most patients exhibited a moderate level of clinical severity, at 215 (86%). The three most common comorbidities were hypertension in 82 patients (32.8%), diabetes in 68 patients (27.2%), and chronic kidney disease in 27 patients (10.8%). The dominant hematological parameters were normal blood leukocytes in 157 patients (62.8%), increased Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) (>3.13) in 148 patients (59.2%), low Absolute Lymphocyte Count (ALC) (<1500/µL) in 133 patients (53.2%), increased C-Reactive Proteins (CRP) (>10 mg/L) in 171 patients (68.4%), and increased d-dimer (>0.5 µg/mL) in 148 patients (59.2%). There was a significant correlation between age (p 0.028), comorbid hypertension (p 0.002), comorbid diabetes (p 0.011), leukocyte levels (p 0.045), and ALC levels (p 0.025), and the severity of the COVID-19 disease.
Conclusions: The majority of COVID-19 patients had normal blood leukocyte levels, increased NLR, low ALC, and increased CRP and d-dimer.
The Effect Of Virtual Physical Exercise On Body Mass Index And Waist Circumstances Of Students Faculty Of Medicine
Authors: Budisusilo Wawan , Ujianti Irena , Pangestu Mulyoto
Published: August 2024

One of the most often utilized measures in calculating body proportion criterion is the BMI. The goal of this study is to see if there is a link between BMI and glucose levels in students who are given virtual physical activity. A high sedentary lifestyle is thought to be linked to the high prevalence of metabolic disorders among students. A rise in BMI or waist circumference levels indicates that a person may be at risk for a variety of metabolic disorders as a result of body mass index. An experimental study was utilized to investigate if there was a difference in the respondents' body mass index and waist circumference before and after the intervention. Before and after the treatment, there were significant variations in waist circumference (76.921.51 vs 74.651.47 cm, p0.001) and BMI (23.540.76 vs 23.050.77 cm, p0.001). Furthermore, with a value of r=0.895 and p0.001, there is a high link between BMI and waist circumference.