bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bladder instillation cocktail for preventing catheter-related bladder irritation after gynecologic surgery: a double-blind, randomized, placebo- controlled study
Authors: Liu Yuwen , Zheng Xiangying , Wei Tao , Gu Yajuan , Deng Chao
Published: February 2025

Background:
Catheter-related bladder discomfort (CRBD) can lead to decreased patient satisfaction and increased postoperative adverse events. Although existing prevention methods for CRBD have demonstrated certain therapeutic effects, they may cause various adverse reactions. In this study, a "cocktail" reagent containing a combination of three drugs, including ropivacaine, dexamethasone, and magnesium sulfate, was used. This study aimed to investigate whether bladder instillation of a "cocktail" can prevent postoperative CRBD in gynecological patients.
Methods:
This double-blind, prospective, randomized controlled clinical study included 112 patients randomly divided into two groups: 56 patients in the "cocktail" group and 56 patients in the control group. Patients in the "cocktail" group received an intravesical infusion of the "cocktail" ("cocktail" formula included 20 mL of 1% ropivacaine + 5 g of magnesium sulfate injection + 10 mg of dexamethasone, all diluted to a total volume of 32 mL), while those in the control group received an intravesical infusion of 32 mL of physiological saline. After bladder instillation in all patients, the catheter was clamped for 20 min. The CRBD and visual analog scale (VAS) of the patients were recorded at 0, 1, 2, and 6 h after surgery. The 15-item Quality of Recovery (QoR-15) scale was used 24 h after surgery to assess the patient's postoperative recovery status.
Results:
The "cocktail" group exhibited significantly decreased CRBD severity at 0, 1, 2, and 6 h postoperatively (P = 0.002, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, and P < 0.001, respectively). Specifically, compared with the control group, the "cocktail" group exhibited a significant decrease in moderate-to-severe CRBD at 0, 1, and 2 h postoperatively (P = 0.040, P = 0.043, P = 0.031, respectively). Moreover, patients in the "cocktail" group exhibited significantly higher postoperative recovery scale scores compared to those in the control group (P < 0.001).
Conclusion:
Bladder instillation of the "cocktail" can prevent catheter-related bladder irritation and improve postoperative recovery in gynecologic patients.
Trial registration:
This trial was a retrospective registration with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (No. ChiCTR2300078550), registered on December 12, 2023.
Early Alzheimer’s brain atrophy in entorhinal cortex is associated with HSD11B1-cortisol axis in APOE4 carriers
Authors: Lai Rai-Hua , Chung Ren-Hua , Hsu Paul Wei-Che , Chen Yi-Chung , Lam Ka-Hei , Pai Wan-Yu , Juang Jyh-Lyh
Published: February 2025

Background
Entorhinal cortex (EC) atrophy, driven by tau pathology, is an early hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), preceding hippocampal degeneration. APOE4, the strongest genetic risk factor for AD, is linked to increased tau accumulation and impaired Aβ clearance in the EC. However, the specific cellular factors associated with APOE4 that contribute to this selective vulnerability remain unclear.
Methods
Longitudinal brain imaging, plasma biomarkers, and genetic polymorphism data from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) participants in the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) were analyzed. Linear regression and genetic association analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with entorhinal cortex volume, with stratified analyses examining the influence of APOE4 genotype.
Results
Cortisol, α1-antichymotrypsin (AACT), and trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) were identified as potential contributors to EC volume changes. Elevated plasma cortisol levels were significantly associated with EC volume decline in APOE4 carriers with MCI (p = 0.0043) and predicted a faster progression from MCI to AD (p = 0.040), whereas no such association was observed in noncarriers. HSD11B1, an enzyme responsible for converting cortisone to cortisol, showed higher expression in the EC compared to the hippocampus. Genetic analysis identified two functional HSD11B1 variants (rs2282738 and rs2282739) associated with elevated cortisol levels and increased AD risk. Notably, rs2282738 was significantly linked to EC volume decline (p = 0.0494), while no significant association was observed in the hippocampus.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that HSD11B1-mediated local cortisol activation may contribute to entorhinal cortex vulnerability in APOE4 carriers with MCI, potentially accelerating AD onset. Targeting HSD11B1 could represent a promising therapeutic strategy to mitigate EC atrophy and slow disease progression in APOE4 carriers.
Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Quality Control Circles Led by Clinical Pharmacists to Improve the Rational Use of Injectable Proton Pump Inhibitors in Hospitalised Patients
Authors: Zhang Ming , Ma Wei-cheng , He Wen-yue
Published: February 2025

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are a class of drugs that inhibit gastric acid secretion, and their overuse in clinical practice are relativity common. We developed a quality control circles (QCC) assisted by artificial intelligence (AI) and led by clinical pharmacists to improve the rational use of (PPIs) among hospitalised patients at our hospital. A QCC team was established to follow QCC procedures. The root causes of inappropriate use were identified using AI-assisted brainstorming, and corresponding strategies were developed. The rational use rates of injectable PPIs before and after QCC implementation were calculated and compared. After QCC implementation, the rational use rate of injectable PPIs among hospitalised patients in our hospital increased from 66.51–93.43%, with a goal achievement rate of 126.92% and a progression rate of 40.47%. The increase in the rational use rate of PPIs was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Additionally, team cohesion, responsibility and proficiency in QCC techniques improved after QCC implementation. Furthermore, the standardised process for using injectable PPIs became more regulated after QCC implementation. AI-assisted, clinical pharmacist-led QCCs can serve as an efficient management tool for improving the rational use of injectable PPIs in hospitalised patients, thereby advancing the work of rational drug use in clinics.
Comparative Study on Positioning Error Analysis and PTV Expansion Standards for Multi-Site Radiotherapy Based on TOMO and TrueBeam Accelerators
Authors: Gui Longgang , Shi Miao , Li Jun , Wang Lin
Published: February 2025

Objective
To establish recommended PTV expansion values for head-neck, thoracic, and abdominopelvic regions based on MVCT data from the TOMO system, compare them with TrueBeam expansion standards, and explore the impact of device characteristics on error distribution.
Methods
Patients treated with TOMO or TrueBeam at Subei People’s Hospital from March 2024 to February 2025 were included. The TOMO group underwent daily MVCT scans, while the TrueBeam group used daily CBCT registration. Translational errors were recorded. SPSS26 was used to calculate systematic error (Σ) and random error (σ). The expansion formula (MPTV = 2.5Σ + 0.7σ) was applied to compute expansion values, and independent-sample t-tests were conducted to compare inter-device differences.
Results
Positioning errors followed the trend: head-neck < thoracic < abdominopelvic. Errors in the SI (superior-inferior) direction were consistently higher than those in LR (left-right) and AP (anterior-posterior) directions. TrueBeam exhibited significantly higher random errors in the AP direction than TOMO. Significant differences in expansion values between devices were observed in all head-neck directions and SI/AP directions of the abdominopelvic region, but not in thoracic directions. TOMO demonstrated significantly lower head-neck expansion values than TrueBeam. For thoracic regions, TrueBeam showed the highest SI-direction expansion value. In the abdominopelvic region, TrueBeam’s SI-direction expansion value was significantly higher than TOMO’s.
Conclusion
TOMO is more suitable for high-precision radiotherapy in head-neck and pelvic regions. TrueBeam requires integration with respiratory management techniques to optimize thoracoabdominal treatment. Clinically, PTV expansion standards should be dynamically adjusted based on tumor location and device characteristics. Future studies should incorporate deformable registration and artificial intelligence to develop real-time error prediction models.
ERD Full-process Longitudinal Trend and Pre-post Motor Recovery Under BCI-controlled Sixth-finger Neurofeedback Intervention in Stroke Patients
Authors: Zhuang Wang , Yuan Liu
Published: February 2025

Background Brain-computer interface (BCI) is used in stroke rehabilitation to match brain activity with contingent feedback to establish closed-loop pathways and provide a measure of neuroplasticity changes of patients. However, most studies assessed neural function only at pre- and post-intervention, thereby longitudinal trends of neural patterns and mechanismsduring full-process of intervention remain unclear.
Methods Forty stroke patients were recruited to receive a total of 8 sessions motor imagery-based (MI-based) BCI-controlled “sixth-finger” neurofeedback intervention, 4 sessions per week for 2 weeks. Electroencephalography (EEG) measure and clinical scales were assessed at three time points: baseline, post-train and 1month follow-up period, and EEG data of each intervention sessions were also tracked. ERD phenomenon induced by MI and resting-state functional connectivity were used to reflect the longitudinal trends and pre-post changes in neural activity. The upper extremity Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA-UE) and Barthel index (BI) were used to reflect the motor improvement.
Results EEG longitudinal trend shows three phases over full-process of intervention: ERD gradually increased in the first week of training, weakened and focused on the contralateral sensorimotor area in the second week, and showed a significant correlation over sessions, remaining focused and contralateral pattern in the follow-up period. And resting-state functional connectivity increased after intervention. Motor function between pre-post intervention showed significant improvement by clinical metrics, with + 7.9 in FMA-UE and + 7.1 in BI. More than half of patients (9/14) reached the minimally clinically important difference (MCID) of 6.6 points change for FMA-UE after therapy. Meanwhile the improvement was maintained until the one-month follow-up after the end of therapy. In addition, improvement of motor function is associated with the enhancement of resting-state functional connectivity.
Conclusions This work reveals longitudinal trend of neural patterns over full-process of intervention and its correlation with motor recovery, so as to provide more evidence for a detailed understanding of the mechanism of neural plasticity.
Effects of sleep quality on the default mode network and on anxiety- depression symptoms in premenstrual syndrome
Authors: Qin Haixia , Zhang Yan , Li Shanshan , Ou Yuanyuan , Lin Shihuan , Lai YinQi , Zhang Qingping , Zhou Kaixuan , Sun Ruijing , Wu Yuejuan , Liu Zhen , Lai Ziyan , Chen Ya , Wu Rongcai , Chen Zhizhong , Zhang Hui , Duan Gaoxiong , Deng Demao
Published: February 2025

Background
Neuroimaging evidence suggests existence of an association between the aberrant default mode network (DMN) and anxiety-depression severity in premenstrual syndrome (PMS); however, ignoring the effects of sleep prevents understanding the pathophysiology of PMS.
Methods
Seventy-seven PMS patients and sixty-six healthy controls (HCs) underwent resting-state functional MRI, and clinical assessment included the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, and the Self-Rating Depression Scale. PSQI scores classified PMS patients into normal sleep quality (PMS-NSQ) and poor sleep quality (PMS-PSQ) groups. Resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) and regional homogeneity (ReHo) within the DMN were compared among the three groups. Correlation and mediation analyses examined potential associations relating sleep quality, changes in brain function, and clinical variables.
Results
Compared to HCs, both PMS groups exhibited increased rsFC between left inferior parietal lobule (IPL) and right middle occipital gyrus. Additionally, the PMS-NSQ group presented decreased FC of right ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) and right posterior cingulate/precuneus, decreased ReHo in right VMPFC, and increased ReHo value in left IPL. Combined correlation and mediation analyses showed that the altered functional activity within the DMN and anxiety-depression symptoms were mediated by sleep quality in PMS patients, mainly involving the right VMPFC and left IPL regions of the brain.
Conclusions
The findings reveal the potential neuropathology of sleep problems in PMS, which sleep quality may mediate the association between functional connectivity within DMN and anxiety-depression severity. The right VMPFC and the left IPL may prospectively serve as potential intervention targets for the treatment of sleep disturbances in PMS.
Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR1900020642)
Physical activity advice from general practitioners in Germany: Findings from a cross-sectional population survey of individuals with chronic ischemic heart disease (OptiCor study)
Authors: Hoppe Sabrina , Prinz Alicia , Kotz Daniel , Mons Ute , Kuß Oliver , Crutzen Rik , Kastaun Sabrina
Published: February 2025

Objectives: The current German treatment guideline for chronic ischemic heart disease (IHD) recommends that general practitioners (GPs) deliver brief advice on physical activity (PA) to IHD patients. Such advice consists of at least three elements (i.e., 3As): (1) assessing the PA level, (2) advising on PA, and (3) assisting with recommendations. This study examined the extent to which individuals with IHD in Germany reported the receipt of such advice.
Design: Cross-sectional population-based face-to-face survey (06/2023-08/2024).
Setting: Germany.
Participants: 1,004 individuals aged 35+ with self-reported IHD and GP contact.
Outcome measures: Primary outcome: Self-reported proportions of receipt of GP-delivered PA advice according to the 3As. Main secondary outcome: Associations between person characteristics and the likelihood of receiving PA advice.
Results: Among individuals with IHD, 36.4% (95% CI=33.4 to 39.4) received all 3As of PA advice, 42.1% (95% CI=39.1 to 45.2) received one or two elements, 9.9% (95% CI=8.1 to 11.8) received no advice at all, and 3.8% (95% CI=2.7 to 5.1) were advised to avoid PA (7.9% did not remember/refused to answer). Women (vs. men) were more likely to receive no advice (OR=1.74, 95% CI=1.11 to 2.72), while individuals with higher PA levels (OR=0.82, 95% CI=0.75 to 0.90, per hour/week) and those with higher (vs. lower) education were less likely to receive no advice (OR=0.39, 95% CI= 0.20 to 0.76). Individuals living in urban (vs. rural) areas were less likely to receive only one or two (vs. all) of the 3As (OR=0.65, 95% CI=0.46 to 0.88). Of those who received at least one element of advice (n=766), 72.5% reported they were more active afterwards, with a higher proportion when all 3As (vs. only some elements) were provided (86.8% vs. 59.6%).
Conclusions: Only one-third of individuals with IHD in Germany received comprehensive PA advice. Specific person characteristics, such as female gender and lower education, were associated with lower proportions of received PA advice. Efforts are needed to improve GP-led PA guidance, particularly for underserved groups.
Trial registration: German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00031304)
CLINICAL PROFILE OF COMITANT HORIZONTAL STRABISMUS IN 0-20 YEARS OF AGE: A STUDY FROM RURAL MAHARASHTRA
Authors:   v, Wagh Anisha , A. Jorvekar Shobhana ,   Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences Loni.
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Strabismus, a misalignment of the eyes, is a significant ocular disorder affecting children and young adults. Comitant horizontal strabismus is characterized by a consistent angle of deviation regardless of direction of gaze. It can impact visual development and psychosocial well-being. Understanding its clinical profile is essential for improving diagnosis, treatment, and management strategies, especially in rural healthcare settings.

Objectives: This study aims to analyse the clinical characteristics, distribution patterns, and associated factors of comitant horizontal strabismus in individuals aged 0-20 years in a rural tertiary care hospital in Maharashtra.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted over two years in the ophthalmology department of a tertiary care hospital. A total of 40 patients aged 0-20 years diagnosed with comitant horizontal strabismus were enrolled. Clinical assessments included visual acuity testing, cycloplegic refraction, ocular movement evaluation, cover tests, prism and alternate cover tests and amblyopia assessment. Data was entered into excel and analysed as percentages and proportions.

Results: Among the 40 patients, 42.5% had esotropia, while 57.5% had exotropia. Esotropia was more prevalent in younger children (0-5 years), whereas exotropia increased with age. Esotropia was strongly associated with hypermetropia (76.47%), while exotropia was linked with myopia (60.87%). Amblyopia was more common in esotropic cases (23.53%) than in exotropic cases (17.39%). Exotropia was predominantly intermittent (73.91%), whereas esotropia was constantly present in all cases.

Conclusion: This study highlights the predominance of exotropia over esotropia, the strong refractive error associations, and the significant presence of amblyopia in strabismic patients. Early detection and appropriate intervention are crucial in preventing visual impairment and addressing the psychosocial challenges associated with strabismus. Further large-scale studies can enhance our understanding of the epidemiology and management of comitant horizontal strabismus in underserved populations.
Az edző szerepe a sportoló fiatalok táplálkozásában
Authors: Biróné Ilics Katalin , Nagyváradi Katalin , Stelczer Ádám
Published: February 2025

Munkánk elsődleges célja az edző szerepének vizsgálata a sportolók táplálkozásában. Arra a kérdésre kerestük a választ, hogy: Vajon az edző munkája kiterjed-e a sportolók táplálkozási szokásainak ellenőrzésére, nyomon követésére?
Vizsgálatunkba 6 sportág I. és II. osztályú utánpótlás korú versenysportolóit vontuk be (N= 162). Saját készítésű kérdőívünkben felhasználtuk az Élelmiszerfogyasztási Gyakorisági kérdőív egyes kérdéseit. 
A válaszadók 54%-a arról nyilatkozott, hogy senkitől sem kap táplálkozási tanácsot. 23%-uk a csapat dietetikusától, 16%-uk az edzőtől, további 6%-uk az erőnléti edzőtől, és néhányan (1 %) a gyógytornásztól.
A sportolók jelentős többsége (74,6 %) fogyaszt étrend-kiegészítőt.  Ezek használatához leginkább a szülőktől (27%), és a dietetikustól (26%) kértek tanácsot. Az edző szerepe ebben a kérdésben is elenyésző (6%) volt.
A sportolók igényei miatt szükség lenne szakemberek bevonására az egyesületek táplálkozási alapelveinek kidolgozásához azért, hogy tudjanak személyre szabott táplálkozási tanácsokat adni, étrendet tervezni, és az étrend-kiegészítők fogyasztását szakszerűen alkalmazni. Az edző segítheti ezen elvek betartásának ellenőrzését.
Joint Health, Balanced Everyday Activity
Authors: Bíróné Ilics Katalin , Hurtik-Tóth Enikő
Published: February 2025

In our rapidly changing world, we are leading increasingly sedentary lives, a trend that becomes even more pronounced with advancing age. A lack of physical activity can result in functional impairments, underactive muscles, and coordination issues. Therefore, the primary goal must be prevention, which involves maintaining physical fitness. Integrating regular physical activity into daily routines is essential not only for preserving health but also for enabling the safe and injury-free execution of everyday tasks.
The fitness industry offers many trends and trends for developing motor (conditioning, coordination) skills and restoring and strengthening joint functions. Functional training provides a comprehensive solution by integrating natural movement patterns that prioritize the balance between joint mobility and stability.
In our study, we use examples from everyday life to highlight the benefits of functional training in promoting healthy joint function and improving daily movement patterns.
Contemporary aspects of museum spatial interpretation
Authors: Schultz Éva , Magyar Márton
Published: February 2025

Museums are classical cultural preservation and mediating institutions and cultural attractions, too. Often termed "lieu de memoire" (places of memory), which, as places of imagination and rites, become their own references through historicization (Nora, 2010). Over the past half-century, museums were redefined as open, integrative, community space (ICOM, 2022). They are therefore part of tourism and everyday experiential spiritual recreation.
Our study explores spatial interpretation in museums through theoretical models and examines its impact on visitors, complemented by empirical (pilot) research, at two museums in Budapest. Key questions include how visitors use museum spaces and what patterns emerge in their spatial interpretation.
Preliminary results highlight the importance of aesthetics and the opportunity to connect to everyday, common culture in shaping the 'lived space' experience. Continuation can be expected to contribute in a relevant way to a better understanding of museum spatial interpretation and the visitor experience, which is a niche area, as well as stimulate the development of visitor-focused strategies, in the value provided by qualitative visitor research.
Jóllét - Jólét – emberközpontú társadalom és gazdaság – egészséges életmód
Authors: Juhász Annamária , Piskóti István
Published: February 2025

A személyes jóllét már nem mérhetó gazdasági mutatókkal, sokkal inkább kulturális, közösségi, társadalmi-természeti környezet dimenzióira épülő személyes, egészséges életmód, s ezáltal a boldogság feltételeinek, értékeinek kiteljesedésével. Jelen cikk kísérletet tesz arra, hogy az emberközpontú társadalom és gazdaság filozófiájára, elveire épülő modellkeresésben felmutasson az egészségtudatosság, az egészséges életmód, benne a testi, lelki és szociális (társadalmi) egészség holisztikus egységére épülő program-megoldás tervét.
IONIC LIQUID-BASED DISPERSIVE LIQUID-LIQUID MICROEXTRACTION FOLLOWED BY HPLC FOR THE DETERMINATION OF SIX EFFECTIVE COMPOSITION OF Silybum marianum
Authors: Li Nan , Sun Peng , Yang Xue
Published: February 2025

A novel pretreatment method ionic liquid-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was established and applied in the analysis of silychristin, silydianin, silybin, silybin B, isosilybin A, isosilybin B in Silybum marianum. The critical parameters affecting dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction (DLLME), including selection of dispersive solvent and extraction solvent, volume of dispersive solvent and extraction solvent, adjustment of pH, salt concentration, extraction time, were investigated by single factor study. Under optimum conditions, all of the target analytes presented good linearity (r > 0.9991) and satisfied recoveries (recoveries > 89.5%, relative standard deviation (RSD) < 4.6%). The limits of detection and quantification were 0.16 to 0.74 ng kg–1 and 0.42 to 2.52 ng kg–1, respectively. The developed method is sensitive, rapid, accurate and employable to simultaneously determine six target compounds in Silybum marianum.
Apresentação e Editorial
Authors: Oliveira Silva Iransé , Sampaio Carlos Alberto Cioce
Published: February 2025

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INFLUENCIA DEL AUTOCONCEPTO ESTUDIANTIL Y LAS CARACTERÍSTICAS DEL CUERPO ACADÉMICO EN EL RENDIMIENTO ESTUDIANTIL
Authors: Pedraja-Rejas Liliana , Lecaros César , Riquelme Carolane
Published: February 2025

La presente investigación se enmarca en explorar la relación entre el autoconcepto estudiantil, las características de los académicos y sus respectivas influencias en el rendimiento académico. Para cumplir este objetivo se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, efectuando un análisis de regresión lineal múltiple en una muestra compuesta por 170 estudiantes de las carreras de tres carreras, pertenecientes a dos universidades regionales.
Los resultados del estudio indican que existe una relación significativa entre las variables. Por un lado, se concluye que un autoconcepto positivo se asocia con un mejor rendimiento académico, lo que corrobora la importancia de considerar factores psicológicos y emocionales en el proceso educativo. Por otro lado, se observó que la percepción que poseen los estudiantes sobre las características de sus profesores también influye de manera importante en su rendimiento académico. Aquellas características positivas de los docentes (tales como buen manejo de temas, empatía y motivación hacia sus estudiantes) mejoran la experiencia educativa en los estudiantes y, en consecuencia, mejoran también su desempeño.
Finalmente, pese a las limitaciones del estudio, el análisis realizado contribuye al conocimiento sobre la influencia del autoconcepto y las características de los académicos en el rendimiento académico. Los hallazgos obtenidos, permiten generar conclusiones para la mejora de la experiencia educativa y el desempeño de los estudiantes, puesto que, el comprender cómo interactúan estos factores abre la posibilidad de crear entornos educativos enriquecedores y favorables para el aprendizaje y desarrollo académico.
Potencialidades e Desafios do Monitoramento dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável no Município de Curitiba/PR
Authors: Azevedo Marcela Evelyn Paiva de , Lebre Alexandre Pilad , Nagalli André
Published: February 2025

Este artigo visa analisar os desafios de monitoramento e cumprimento dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) no município de Curitiba. A pesquisa utiliza metodologia qualitativa, incluindo análise documental, revisão bibliográfica e coleta de dados secundários de fontes municipais. Apesar da ausência de legislação específica para o cumprimento das metas dos ODS, existem normativas que orientam a implementação de políticas ambientais. O estudo aponta uma discrepância entre a divulgação midiática de avanços e a execução efetiva das metas e indicadores propostos pelo município. Como resultado, são apresentados os principais desafios para a concretização das metas, bem como as potencialidades identificadas em Curitiba que podem facilitar o cumprimento dos ODS. Conclui-se que é necessária uma padronização dos dados referentes aos indicadores para um monitoramento consistente com as metas nacionais e globais, destacando como as características e recursos específicos de Curitiba podem ser aproveitados para superar os desafios identificados e avançar na implementação dos ODS.
IGUALDAD DE OPORTUNIDADES EN LA EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR EN CHILE. UNA PERSPECTIVA DESDE LA IDEA DE JUSTICIA.
Authors: CUNEO OLHABERRY Isabella , MUÑOZ GRIFFITH Vicente , VILLALOBOS-ANTÚNEZ José Vicente
Published: February 2025

En Chile, el año 2018 fue promulgado por la Ley de Gratuidad, que estableció la educación superior como un derecho, con el resultado de una importante transformación en el acceso y masificación de la educación superior, mejorando las expectativas de desarrollo y progreso de la nación. Este artículo analiza esta política educativa desde la perspectiva de la justicia distributiva. Para esto se ha divido el trabajo en tres secciones. La primera describe el sistema educativo chileno. En el segundo se revisan los elementos de las teorías de la justicia distributiva, concretamente de J. Rawls, J. Roemer y A. Sen, centrando el estudio en los principios de Rawls destacando las ideas de igualdad de oportunidades y distribución de bienes; También se analiza la idea de Roemer sobre la "nivelación del terreno de juego" y la diferenciación entre "esfuerzo" y "circunstancia", así como la postura de Amartya Sen y su enfoque en las capacidades. Todo esto nos permite reflexionar sobre la justicia distributiva y las políticas educativas en Chile, específicamente referidas a la Ley de Educación Superior.
Agnes Waddell Chagas e os Estudos sobre Leishmanioses Visceral Americana (LVA) no Brasil, 1935-1940
Authors: Vital André Vasques , Campos Holehon Santos
Published: February 2025

O artigo analisa a trajetória de Agnes Waddell Chagas em suas pesquisas sobre leishmaniose visceral no Brasil, uma enfermeira que coordenou pesquisas no Instituto de Patologia Experimental do Norte (IPEN), em Belém do Pará e no Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), no Rio de Janeiro, na área da medicina tropical, produzindo artigos científicos de impacto publicados nas esferas nacional e internacional. É apresentada a sua história a frente de pesquisas sobre doenças tropicais, em especial seus estudos que englobam saúde humana e meio ambiente na hipótese formulada sobre a leishmaniose visceral americana (LVA) e o seu vetor, o flebótomo, realizadas entre 1935 e 1940. A análise está ancorada em uma trajetória científica fundamentada em pesquisa documental original, envolvendo artigos publicados na época, além de documentos manuscritos, que contribuem para o desenvolvimento de estudos acerca da história das endemias no país e da trajetória de mulheres nas ciências do ponto de vista histórico. Os estudos de Agnes Waddell Chagas e seu marido Evandro Chagas sobre a leishmaniose visceral americana inaugurou debates não apenas sobre a possível existência de uma doença específica, como também de um agente etiológico específico, impactando também nos estudos sobre o vetor da leishmaniose no Brasil.
Access to Genetic Resources and Associated Traditional Knowledge with Federal Science and Technology Institutions in Brazil: A Systematic Review of Regulatory Challenges
Authors: Malavazi Fernando Wagner , Soliani Rodrigo Duarte , Ferreira-Junior Genildo Cavalcante , Lobão Mario Sérgio Pedroza
Published: February 2025

The Brazilian biodiversity and associated traditional knowledge are strategic resources for the country’s scientific, technological, and socioeconomic development. This study aimed to analyze how Brazilian federal Science and Technology Institutions (ICTs) comply with Law nº 13.123/2015, focusing on regulatory challenges related to accessing genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge. A systematic literature review was conducted using databases such as Periódicos Capes, Scopus, and SciELO, covering publications from 2015 to 2024. The results highlight the mandatory registration in the National System for the Management of Genetic Heritage and Associated Traditional Knowledge (SisGen) as a central requirement for research and innovation activities. Despite advances, such as the increase in registrations and greater transparency in activities, regulatory challenges persist. The main difficulties include the complexity of the SisGen registration process, institutional adaptation to legal requirements, and the lack of practical studies detailing the application of the law in federal public ICTs. It is concluded that, while Law nº 13.123/2015 represents an important regulatory framework, adjustments are necessary to ensure its effectiveness. Simplifying administrative processes, providing training for ICTs, and conducting more in-depth studies are recommended to strengthen regulatory compliance and promote a balance between biodiversity conservation, the protection of traditional community rights, and scientific and technological progress.
Micropropagação de Espécies Lenhosas Nativas: Análise do Conhecimento Científico e Perspectivas para a Conservação
Authors: Silva Gabriel Alves de Souza da , Rocha Tainá Teixeira , Herrera Raírys Cravo
Published: February 2025

A micropropagação é uma técnica promissora para a multiplicação em larga escala de plantas, contribuindo para a conservação genética, restauração de ecossistemas e desenvolvimento econômico sustentável, especialmente de espécies medicinais e madeireiras. Este estudo analisou 645 publicações indexadas nas bases Web of Science e Scopus entre 2013 e 2023. Após excluir duplicatas, 612 publicações foram selecionadas, das quais 31 atenderam aos critérios, focando espécies lenhosas nos domínios fitogeográficos brasileiros. A técnica foi mais aplicada no Cerrado (25%) e na Mata Atlântica (22%), enquanto a Amazônia representou 14%. Três estudos citaram o bioma no título, destacando a importância de contextualizar espécies em seus habitats ecológicos. O meio de cultura WPM foi usado em 80% dos estudos, seguido pelo MS em 67%. Alternativas como JADS, DKW e QL foram menos frequentes, mas promissoras. Entre os reguladores de crescimento, o Benzilaminopurina (BAP) foi destaque em 30% das pesquisas, seguido pelo Ácido Indolbutírico (AIB) em 20%, especialmente para enraizamento. Suplementos como carvão ativado, polivinilpirrolidona (PVP), caseína hidrolisada e Plant Preservative Mixture (PPM) foram usados para otimizar o crescimento. Explantes nodais foram predominantes (38%), seguidos por sementes (18%). Os resultados destacam a importância de ampliar pesquisas voltadas para a conservação ex situ e o uso sustentável da biodiversidade brasileira, considerando a necessidade de desenvolver e adaptar protocolos de cultura que atendam às demandas específicas de cada espécie, promovendo avanços significativos na preservação de recursos genéticos e no aproveitamento sustentável das plantas. Além disso, ao analisar a produção científica, torna-se possível direcionar esforços de conservação para biomas específicos sob maior ameaça.
Vanilla bahiana Hoehne: Caracterização Química e Avaliação de Atividade Antimicrobiana
Authors: Corrêa Taís Arthur , Moiana Chelcia da Conceição Ricardo , Rocha Laiane Pereira , Franco Ana Luíza , Costa Gustavo Henrique Gravatim
Published: February 2025

A Vanilla bahiana é uma planta endêmica do Brasil cuja caracterização química e avaliação antimicrobiana são temas de grande relevância científica e econômica, devido às suas características únicas e diferenciadas em comparação com as espécies já presentes no mercado internacional. A baunilha, conhecida por ser uma das especiarias responsáveis por sabores e aromas mais populares no mundo, tem uma crescente demanda e uma concomitante redução em sua oferta global, tornando essencial a exploração de novas fontes e o conhecimento de suas propriedades. Além disso, a busca por novos antimicrobianos naturais é importante para serem inseridos no mercado, como no de fermentação etanólica, especialmente para combater bactérias contaminantes desse processo. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho avaliou a composição fitoquímica do extrato das favas de V. bahiana, presente no cerrado mineiro, e sua atividade antimicrobiana contra bactérias contaminantes da fermentação alcoólica e a levedura Saccharomyces cerevisiae. O extrato alcoólico foi preparado por maceração e submetido a caracterização fitoquímica, espectroscopia no infravermelho, quantificação de fenólicos totais, flavonoides totais e avaliação da atividade antioxidante. A avaliação antimicrobiana foi realizada através do método de antibiograma contra S. cerevisiae, L. mesenteroides e L. fermentum. A caracterização química apresenta uma rica composição fitoquímica, estando a presentes compostos fenólicos, flavonoides e triterpenoides, além de uma relevante atividade antioxidante, destacando seu potencial como fonte de compostos bioativos. Contudo, o extrato não demonstrou atividade antimicrobiana contra os microrganismos avaliados, sugerindo que os compostos presentes não são eficazes contra os mesmos.  Estudos futuros são necessários para explorar outras possíveis aplicações terapêuticas e investigar mais a fundo os componentes bioativos desta planta. Ressalta-se também que os dados encontrados contribuem com novas informações sobre a v. Bahiana, uma planta pouco estudada e inserida no bioma cerrado, contribuindo para o conhecimento e valorização da biodiversidade brasileira
Participation in the federalization of Transcaucasia, the North Caucasus, the Don and Kuban in post-autocratic Russia (historical and political science analysis)
Authors:   Penza State University, D. Gulyakov Aleksandr , Yu. Salomatin Aleksey ,   Penza State University
Published: February 2025

Background. The problem of creating a federal state on the basis of the Russian Empire, abolished in the spring of 1917, continues to excite more and more researchers with its dramatic nature. The implementation of the transformation, despite the ethnic plu-ralism of Russian civilization, managed to consolidate the new society despite the real dan-ger of national separatism. The article analyzes the difficulties of federalization on the southern borders of the Eurasian power, where in Transcaucasia, the North Caucasus, the Don and Kuban, various models of incorporation of territories into the USSR were used. Materials and methods. The fate of the southern territories during the years of their sovieti-zation, the Civil War and its end is analyzed on the basis of extensive scientific literature. Comparative-historical and comparative-geopolitical methods are used to reveal the topic. Results. It is noted that historically, Transcaucasia and the North Caucasus were the object of expansionist aspirations on the part of the Ottoman Empire and Iran, and at the end of the First World War – Germany and England, which made the restoration of Russian state-hood a particularly difficult task. At the same time, in terms of communication proximity, these territories were more accessible than Siberia and the Far East, although this same ac-cessibility contributed to the success of the anti-Bolshevik forces. The liberation of Trans-caucasia from bourgeois nationalist governments during April 1920-March 1921 was com-pleted by the creation in March 1922 of the Federal Union of Socialist Republics of Transcaucasia, which was the most optimal way to combat manifestations of localism and territorial disputes. The final sovietization of the North Caucasus, Kuban and Don took place in a shorter period of time. By the spring of 1920, the White Guards of A. I. Denikin, the main anti-Bolshevik force, were finished. Taking into account the more complex ethnic composition than in Transcaucasia, the new government began organizing national auton-omies and territorial regions in 1920–1922. Conclusions. The federalization of the southern territories of post-autocratic Russia in 1922–1923 took place according to the same dual scheme used in the western, eastern and southeastern regions – the creation of union repub-lics in the strategic border area and the inclusion of internal autonomies in the RSFSR. On-ly such an approach, with the leading role of the Bolshevik Party, could prevent the danger-ous confederalization of the organized union state and the integration of numerous ethnic groups that were at different stages of social development.
Legislation on the rights of indigenous small-numbered peoples of the Russian federation: current situation and some development trends
Authors:   Ogarev Mordovia State University, N. Nemechkin Vasily
Published: February 2025

Background. For centuries, the Russian State has pursued a policy of supporting various aspects of Indigenous Small-numbered Peoples’ life. The need for a special policy is essential given their unique situation characterized by a scant population, as well as the fragility of their traditional lifestyle and support systems. The objective of this study is to examine the situation and discern the evolutionary trajectory of legal frameworks designed to safeguard the rights of these communities. Materials and methods. Conduction of the research tasks was achieved by the examination of the pertinent constitutional provisions in the Russian Federation’s Constitution, as well as review of both federal and regional legal frameworks concerning the Russian Federation’s Indigenous Small-numbered Peoples. Additionally, specific strategic planning documents, encompassing various strategies and concepts were analyzed. Within the framework of this research, general scientific and spe-cial methods were used, including analysis, synthesis, historical and formal-legal methods. Results. The legislative framework that pertains to the rights of Indigenous Small-numbered Peoples is dual-layered which was evolved over time, demonstrating a historical progres-sion in the laws that recognize and protect the unique legal status of these communities. The consideration has been given to both the current state and the future trajectory of such legislation. Conclusions. Federation’s legislation on the rights of Indigenous Small-numbered Peoples contains core standards, while regional legislation makes it possible to specify and supplement these standards and take into account the specific characteristics of the region. Recognition of the special legal status of Indigenous Small-numbered Peoples is a key aspect of Russian legislation. This includes both individual and collective rights, in particular the right to determine their own priorities for development, as well as the preser-vation of their identity and cultural and linguistic diversity. In this context, the legislation aims to support and protect not only the rights to traditional ways of life, but also to provide them with opportunities for progressive sustainable development in accordance with their own values and interests, which allows to adapt to modern challenges.
Ensuring precision characteristics of equipment for rotary extrusion in the production of special technical products
Authors:   Joint Stock Company “Design Bureau of Chemical Automatics”, Yu. Ryazantsev Aleksandr , S. Yukhnevich Sergey ,   Joint Stock Company “Design Bureau of Chemical Automatics”, P. Pechagin Aleksandr ,   Joint Stock Company “Design Bureau of Chemical Automatics”, A. Podshibyakina Viktoriya ,   Joint Stock Company “Design Bureau of Chemical Automatics”
Published: February 2025

Background. The level of development of mechanical engineering significantly affects the economic potential and defense capability of the state. One of the main areas of mechanical engineering is the manufacture of products for aerospace technology. Thus, for the manufacture of liquid rocket engines, an important element is the nozzle part of the combustion chamber. It is a package of equidistant ogival shells, with increased requirements for the thickness variation of the resulting workpiece and deviation from the profile. The objective of the work is to produce competitively and economically viable products. Materials and methods. The most promising method for obtaining ogival shells is the method of rotational extrusion. Thus, to produce ogival thick-walled shells, Design bureau of chemical automation uses the KhTRV-2500 mill. Long-term operation and lack of modernization led to frequent failures in the control system and loss of accuracy and performance characteristics. Results. Thus, to increase the efficiency and reduce the energy intensity of the equipment, the electromechanical part of the mill was modernized by replacing the main two-motor thyristor direct current drive of the mandrel rotation with one asynchronous servomotor, while maintaining the sum of the motor torques. All feed servomotors have been replaced with asynchronous servomotors of lower power and torque. The element base has been completely updated and the outdated control system has been replaced. As a result of the modernization, the accuracy of the rolling rollers has been increased, as well as the speed of their approach and retraction, while ensuring an accurate change in the ratio of the feed speeds of the rollers and the rotation of the workpiece. Conclusions. The modernization of the unique specialized equipment allowed to ensure stable production of complex large-size ogival-shaped parts for special equipment products with increased accuracy and technological characteristics.
Fractal graphene patch plasmon-polariton nanoantenna for near infrared and optical frequency ranges
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State Technical University, A. Brazhe Rudol'f , Yu. Lebedev Egor ,   Ulyanovsk State Technical University
Published: February 2025

Background. Due to their multi- and broadband, miniaturization and planar design, fractal patch nanoantennas are widely used in wireless communication system in the gigahertz frequency range. There are successful attempts to use them also at terahertz and optical frequencies. In this case, graphene is very promising material for the patch due to its high electrical conductivity and the convenience of exciting surface plasmon-polariton waves. In this regard, the purpose of the study is to design a fractal graphene plasmonpolariton patch nanoantenna for operation in the near IR and optical part of the electromagnetic wave spectrum and mathematical modeling of its characteristics. Materials and methods. A graphene patch in the form of a triangular Sierpinski gasket in the 4th iteration on a dielectric substate of silicon carbide, gallium arsenide or quartz deposited on a metal ground electrode is proposed. A gate voltage is applied between the patch and the grounded electrode to shift the Fermi level in graphene relative to the Dirac point. In the theoretical part of the work, well-known provisions from graphene physics, fractal theory and microwave electronics and antenna-feeder technology are used. The simulation was performed using the Microwave Studio software package. Results. For the reference model of a nanoantenna with a graphene fractal patch in the form of a Sierpinski triangle in the 4th iteration with a side of a large triangle of 625 nm on the dielectric substrate of silicon carbide with a thickness of 10 nm, the following results were obtained: resonant frequencies is – 204 THz, 356 THz, 583 THz, 912 THz, 1294 THz; VSWR – no higher than 1.7; the input impedance is from 29 to 42 Ω. The maximum gain (at the frequency of 583 THz) reaches a value of 7.43 dB, the angular width of the main lobe is 91.8 º, the level of the side lobes is 9.1 dBm less than the level of the main lobe. In order to optimize the material and thickness on them has been studied. Conclusion. The possibility of creating fractal patch nanoantennas on graphene for operation in the near-infrared and optical part of electromagnetic radiation is shown. The results of the work can be used in the design of these antennas and the calculation of their characteristics.
Using computer modeling for developing an automated greenhouse control system using automatic programming
Authors:   Institute of Design and Technological Informatics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, V. Gumunyuk Pavel
Published: February 2025

Background. The work shows how computer models and automatic programming techniques help in developing control system program code using the example of creating software for an automated greenhouse. Materials and methods. The main stages of developing a control program are reflected using certain mathematical patterns and algorithms used in creating the control system code and simplifying the development process itself. The benefits of using an automated greenhouse have been shown, both in households and in agricultural companies. The main technological units that help automate the process of growing plants are presented, as well as the parameters that help control these units. The necessity of introducing a PID controller into the technological process to control the temperature inside the greenhouse is substantiated. An example of setting up a PID controller for specific greenhouse conditions is given. Results. The process of distributing selected parameters of a technological system into data blocks, each of which is located in a separate machine, is described. Conclusions. The article ends with a block diagram that is found in the logic of the automata program and a diagram of the general interaction of computer models in the Automata Programming technique.