bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficient near IR porphyrins containing a triphenylamine-substituted anthryl donating group for dye sensitized solar cells
Authors: Krishna Jonnadula Venkata Suman , Koteshwar Devulapally , Chowdhury Towhid H. , Singh Surya Prakash , Bedja Idriss , Islam Ashraful , Giribabu Lingamallu
Published: October 2019

Three porphyrin dyes containing an extended π-conjugated donor integrated with systematically varied acceptor groups, have been synthesized and implemented in dye sensitized solar cells.
Ambient atmosphere laser-induced local ripening of MoS2 nanoparticles
Authors: Marzo Andrea , Mahajneh Amal Eleonora , Mattavelli Simone , Vitiello Elisa , Pezzoli Fabio , Bonera Emiliano , D’Arienzo Massimiliano , Fanciulli Marco
Published: October 2019

A simple, environmental-sustainable and easy extendible method for laser printing MoS2 layers was developed.
A new indium selenide phase: controllable synthesis, phase transformation and photoluminescence properties
Authors: Han Guang , Gu Qinfen , Yang Lei , Chen Zhi-Gang , Zou Jin
Published: October 2019

A new rhombohedral In2.45Se4 phase has been controllably synthesized via a chemical solution method and reveals near-infrared photoluminescence emissions.
Neutron-capture elements in dwarf galaxies
Authors: Skúladóttir Á. , Hansen C. J. , Salvadori S. , Choplin A.
Published: October 2019

The heavy elements (Z >  30) are created in neutron (n)-capture processes that are predicted to happen at vastly different nucleosynthetic sites. To study these processes in an environment different from the Milky Way, we targeted then-capture elements in red giant branch stars in the Sculptor dwarf spheroidal galaxy. Using ESO VLT/FLAMES spectra, we measured the chemical abundances of Y, Ba, La, Nd, and Eu in 98 stars covering the metalliticy range −2.4 < [Fe/H] < −0.9. This is the first paper in a series about then-capture elements in dwarf galaxies, and here we focus on the relative and absolute timescales of the slow (s)- and rapid (r)-processes in Sculptor. From the abundances of thes-process element Ba and ther-process element Eu, it is clear that ther-process enrichment occurred throughout the entire chemical evolution history of Sculptor. Furthermore, there is no evidence for ther-process to be significantly delayed in time relative to core-collapse supernovae. Neutron star mergers are therefore unlikely the dominant (or only) nucleosynthetic site of ther-process. However, the products of thes-process only become apparent at [Fe/H] ≈ −2 in Sculptor, and thes-process becomes the dominant source of Ba at [Fe/H] ≳ −2. We tested the use of [Y/Mg] and [Ba/Mg] as chemical clocks in Sculptor. Similarly to what is observed in the Milky Way, [Y/Mg] and [Ba/Mg] increase towards younger ages. However, there is an offset in the trends, where the abundance ratios of [Y/Mg] in Sculptor are significantly lower than those of the Milky Way at any given age. This is most likely caused by metallicity dependence of yields from thes-process, as well as by a different relative contribution of thes-process to core-collapse supernovae in these galaxies. Comparisons of our results with data of the Milky Way and the Fornax dwarf spheroidal galaxy furthermore show that these chemical clocks depend on both metallicity and environment.
A homogeneous model for compressible three-phase flows involving heat and mass transfer.
Authors: Hurisse Olivier , Quibel Lucie
Published: October 2019

A homogeneous model is proposed in order to deal with the simulation of fast transient three-phase ows involving heat and mass transfer. The model accounts for the full thermodynamical disequilibrium between the three phases in terms of pressure, temperature and Gibbs enthalpy. The heat and mass transfer between the phases is modeled in agreement with the second law of thermodynamics, which ensures a stable return to the thermodynamical equilibrium. The set of partial differential equations associated with this model is based on the Euler set of equations supplemented by a complex pressure law, and by six scalar-equations that allow to account for the thermodynamical disequilibrium. It therefore inherits a simple wave structure and possesses important mathematical properties such as: hyperbolicity, unique shock definition through Rankine-Hugoniot relations, positivity of the mixture fractions. Hence the computation of approximated solutions is possible using classical algorithms, which is illustrated by an example of simulation of a steam-explosion.
Kleiner Aufwand – große Wirkung: One Minute Wonder in der
Pflege
Authors: Krüger Lars , Mannebach Thomas , Wiegmann Katharina
Published: October 2019

Die Idee der One Minute Wonder ist, komprimierte Informationen dort zu
präsentieren, wo in der täglichen Praxis Wartezeiten entstehen. Dadurch wird
Fachwissen im Alltag an bisher dafür nicht genutzten Orten und Zeiten
vermittelt. Als zusätzliches Angebot zur klassischen Fort- und Weiterbildung
können die OMWs so ein weiterer wirksamer und kostengünstiger „Pfeil im Köcher“
sein.
124J/131J-Theranostik des Natrium-Jodid-Symporters beim Schilddrüsenkarzinom
Authors: Kreißl Michael C. , Jentzen Walter , Janssen Marcel , Gotthardt Martin , Nagarajah James
Published: October 2019

Eines der vielversprechendsten Konzepte in der Nuklearmedizin ist die Theranostik, die im Wesentlichen die Diagnostik und Therapie eines bestimmten Targets beinhaltet, insbesondere, wenn es darum geht, Krebstherapien zu optimieren und zu individualisieren. In der Nuklearmedizin werden Theranostika bereits seit über 60 Jahren in der klinischen Routine mit 131J/123J für diagnostische und therapeutische Zwecke bei Schilddrüsenerkrankungen eingesetzt. Dieser Artikel gibt einen kurzen Überblick über die Verwendung von 2 Radiojod-Isotopen (131J und 124J) für das Targeting des Natrium-Jodid-Symporters bei Schilddrüsenkarzinomen und nicht thyreoidalen Tumoren. Insbesondere wird die Rolle der 124J-basierten Dosimetrie diskutiert. Abschließend zeigen wir an einem Patientenbeispiel, wie die Expression des Natrium-Jodid-Symporters bei einem Patienten mit Radiojod-refraktärem fortgeschrittenem Schilddrüsenkarzinom durch Medikamente manipuliert werden kann.
Virucidal Effect of Guggulsterone Isolated from Commiphora gileadensis
Authors: Bouslama Lamjed , Kouidhi Bochra , Alqurashi Yasir Mohammed , Chaieb Kamel , Papetti Adele
Published: October 2019

Commiphora gileadensis, locally known as becham, is a plant used in traditional Arabian medicine for treating headache, constipation, stomach, joint pain, and inflammatory disorders. Several studies have reported its antibacterial properties; however, no study has demonstrated its antiviral activity. This study aimed to evaluate the antiviral activity of C. gileadensis as well as to isolate its active compound and investigate its mode of action. This activity was evaluated using 4 viruses, herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), respiratory syncytial virus type B (RSV-B), coxsackie virus B type 3, and adenovirus type 5 by performing the plaque reduction assay and the 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays for enveloped and nonenveloped viruses, respectively. The methanol extract of C. gileadensis leaves only showed antiviral activity against enveloped viruses with a selectivity index of 11.19 and 10.25 for HSV-2 and RSV-B, respectively. The study of the mechanism underlying antiviral activity demonstrated a virucidal effect by direct contact with these target viruses. The active compound, isolated using bio-guided assays involving TLC, was identified as guggulsterone by HPLC-diode array detection coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Guggulsterone is an antagonist of the bile acid receptor and a modulator of cholesterol metabolism; however, its antimicrobial properties have been reported for the first time in this study.
Assessment of Skin Flaps Above Cranial Defects Following Craniectomy: A Proposed Classification System
Authors: Schwarz Falko , Simon Michèle , Lawson McLean Aaron , Kalff Rolf , Waschke Albrecht
Published: October 2019

Objective The assessment of the skin flap above cranial defects (SCD) following craniectomy is routine in neurosurgical practice, and a change in the consistency of the skin flap may indicate raised intracranial pressure or the occurrence of a complication necessitating intervention. The purpose of this study was to develop a clinically useful classification system based on clinical assessment of the degree of skin flap bulging or sinking and its firmness.

Patients and Methods This was a prospective single-center study. The SCDs of consecutive patients who underwent craniectomy were assessed daily by two trained independent examiners. The consistency of the flap and its bulging or sinking in comparison with the level of the cranium were noted. Testing conditions including the positioning of the patient and examiner were standardized.

Results A total of 520 examinations were conducted in 24 patients during their hospital stay. There was 100% interrater reliability (Cohen’s κ = 1.0). In 66.6% of all patients (n = 16/24), a change of the SCD classification in comparison with that recorded on the previous day was noted.

Conclusions The SCD classification facilitates the reproducible and objective assessment of SCDs, enabling reliable monitoring over time and between individuals.
Primary Spinal Cord Melanoma of Intradural Extramedullary Origin
Authors: Sharma Ashish , Sinha Virendra Deo
Published: October 2019

Primary malignant melanoma is the very rare entity of the central nervous system. It accounts only 1% of all melanoma cases. A 67-year-old patient presented to us with lower back pain radiating to the left lower limb and progressive weakness of both lower limbs. She underwent magnetic resonance imaging scan of lumbosacral region that suggested T1 hyperintense, T2 hypointense, extramedullary altered signal intensity lesion at L1 and L2 vertebral level compressing terminal spinal cord, and cauda equine region. On histopathological examination, findings were suggestive of malignant melanoma that was confirmed with immunohistochemistry examination (positive for S-100, Melan-A, and HMB-45). Here, we are discussing an unusual case of primary malignant melanoma of conus and cauda equine region with comprehensive review regarding management and prognosis of the tumor.
Tubercular Meningitis with Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy—Trigger or Chance
Authors: Dalai Siba Prasad , Kabi Shobhitendu , Arve Nikhil R. , Kakollu Vujwal R.
Published: October 2019

Tuberculosis being a global pandemic causes an array of neurological presentations ranging from tuberculoma, meningitis, radiculomyelitis, brain abscess, and so on.Association of Guillain-Barre syndrome with tuberculosis has been reported five to six times in the past. The authors report a case of a young female with tubercular meningitis on antitubercular therapy and steroids who went on to develop acute areflexic quadriparesis and diagnosed as a case of acute motor sensory axonal neuropathy variety of acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP) who responded positively to plasmapheresis. The authors present the first case of an association between tubercular meningitis and subsequent development of AIDP.
Oxidation states in perovskite layers formed using various deposition techniques
Authors: Shahriar Shaimum , Castaneda Vanessa , Martinez Manuel , Mishra Aditya Kumar , Akter Tahmina , Schutt Kelly , Boscoboinik J. Anibal , Hodges Deidra
Published: October 2019

Organic–inorganic halide perovskites have rapidly become emerging materials for photovoltaic applications, but a major factor causing instability in perovskite solar cells could be the elemental shift due to oxygen. The present work demonstrates the oxidation states of perovskite layers formed by (i) one-step deposition, (ii) solvent-to-solvent extraction, (iii) hot casting, and (iv) mixed-cation solution processing. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is used to investigate the compositional changes due to oxygen, and the spectra confirm the diffusion of oxygen in the perovskite layer. Mixed-cation perovskites show the most promising results among the four deposition techniques. The best photovoltaic performance is achieved by an SnO2-based mixed-cation perovskite solar cell with a power conversion efficiency of 18.75%. A power conversion efficiency of 16.74% is obtained by a TiO2-based mixed-cation perovskite solar cell when the optimum thickness of the TiO2 blocking layer is 60–65 nm.
Effect of atmospheric pressure plasma on surface modification of
paper
Authors: Galmiz Oleksandr , Tucekova Zlata Kelar , Kelar Jakub , Zemanek Miroslav , Stupavska Monika , Kovacik Dusan , Cernak Mirko
Published: October 2019

A study of plasma treatment of clay-coated paper is presented. The wettability of the paper surface before and after the plasma treatment was determined by measuring the water contact angle and surface free energy. The appearance of the surface-functional groups was determined by using high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, while changes in the surface morphology were monitored by scanning electron microscopy. Already after 0.25 s of the plasma treatment, the paper surface improved its wettability. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses showed a gradual increase of oxygen-rich functional groups on the surface while scanning electron microscopy analyses did not show a significant modification of the morphology and no alternation of the surface structure after the plasma treatment.
Yorkie and JNK revert syncytial muscles into myoblasts during Org-1–dependent lineage reprogramming
Authors: Schaub Christoph , Rose Marcel , Frasch Manfred
Published: October 2019

Lineage reprogramming has received increased research attention since it was demonstrated that lineage-restricted transcription factors can be used in vitro for direct reprogramming. Recently, we reported that the ventral longitudinal musculature of the adult Drosophila heart arises in vivo by direct lineage reprogramming from larval alary muscles, a process that starts with the dedifferentiation and fragmentation of syncytial muscle cells into mononucleate myoblasts and depends on Org-1 (Drosophila Tbx1). Here, we shed light on the events occurring downstream of Org-1 in this first step of transdifferentiation and show that alary muscle lineage-specific activation of Yorkie plays a key role in initiating the dedifferentiation and fragmentation of these muscles. An additional necessary input comes from active dJNK signaling, which contributes to the activation of Yorkie and furthermore activates dJun. The synergistic activities of the Yorkie/Scalloped and dJun/dFos transcriptional activators subsequently initiate alary muscle fragmentation as well as up-regulation of Myc and piwi, both crucial for lineage reprogramming.
Validation of phosphor thermometry for industrial surface temperature measurements
Authors: Rosso Lucia , Tabandeh Shahin , Beltramino Giulio , Fernicola Vito
Published: October 2019

Surface temperature measurements are required by the aerospace and automotive industries to guarantee high-quality products and optimize production processes. Accurate and reliable measurement of surface temperature is very challenging in an industrial environment. Surface contact probes are widely used but poorly characterized, while non-contact infrared thermometry is severely hampered by the unknown emissivity of the surface and by problems caused by stray radiation from the background. An alternative approach to the above techniques is phosphor thermometry, used here in a hybrid contact/non-contact approach.

In this work, the development of a lifetime-based phosphor thermometer, its application to industrial surface temperature measurement and its validation are reported in a metrologically sound manner. The phosphor thermometer was initially calibrated by contact on a reference calibrator system at the Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica to provide SI traceability to the measurements at the industrial level; the system was later validated by exploiting a metal phase-change method. The robustness of the approach against a strong radiative background was also investigated. A comprehensive uncertainty analysis was carried out, resulting in an expanded uncertainty (k  =  2) lower than 1.4 °C over the temperature range from the ambient to 450 °C.

The phosphor-based thermometer was then tested at industrial manufacturing premises to measure the surface temperature of aluminium alloy billets during the pre-heating phase before forging. The phosphor-based approach was compared with radiation and contact thermometry in both static and dynamic measurement conditions. The experimental results proved that phosphor thermometry, besides being a valid alternative to conventional techniques, may offer better performance in an industrial setting.
Regional-level prediction model with advection PDE model and fine particulate matter (PM
2.5) concentration data
Authors: Wang Yufang
Published: October 2019

Real-time and geo-tagged data on PM
2.5 enable researchers to model and predict the trends of air pollution effectively. On the basis of network and clustering, a specific advection partial differential equation (PDE) model is proposed to forecast the spatial-temporal dynamics of PM
2.5 concentration at large scale of city-cluster. The proposed PDE model incorporates the effects of advection, local emission and dispersion. The prediction is performed in real-time with varying model parameters for assessing the current situation. Good simulation results not only demonstrate the proposed PDE has good prediction ability, but also show that the model can quantify the advection and local effects for the air pollution of each city-cluster to some extent. Moreover, the methodology can be extended to other types of air pollution provided that data are available.
Kinetics study of biologically remediated crude oil polluted soil using a bacteria and fungi
Authors: Ojewumi M. E. , Anenih V.E. , Alagbe E.E. , Oyeniyi E.A
Published: October 2019

The effectiveness of remediating soils polluted with crude and treated hydrocarbon oil using a fungi - Aspergillus niger, bacteria - Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the combination of the two were investigated and the first order kinetics were studied. Eight systems of 500g soil sample were polluted with both raw and treated crude oil. Four systems were polluted with 100 ml treated crude oil while other remaining systems with same quantity of raw crude oil. Two systems with raw and treated crude oil were left as control (RCC and TCC). Samples of soil polluted with raw crude oil were amended with A. niger (RCA) and P. aeruginosa (RCP) respectively, while treated crude samples were also treated with same (TCA) and (TCP) only. The last two systems were treated with both P. aeruginosa and A. niger (RCAP and TCAP). First order bioremediation kinetics and biostimulant efficiency for these systems were studied by monitoring Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH). The result obtained at the end of the bioremediation period, revealed that treated crude oil polluted soil remediate faster and better than raw crude oil polluted soil. The highest level of bioremediation occurred in systems amended with both A. niger and P. aeruginosa which had about 98 % TPH decrease.
Assessment of the role of Lean Construction Practices in Environmental Sustainability
Authors: Babalola O. , Ibem Eziyi O. , Ezema Isidore C. , Olanipekun A. O.
Published: October 2019

The Construction Industry of which the building industry is a subsidiary has been identified as an industry that can help in the achievement of environmental sustainability. Literature has established practices such as Virtual Design and Construction (VDC), Prefabrication and Modularization and Just-in-Time (JIT) and others as environmental sustainable LCPs. Therefore, this paper investigated the adoption of these practices and areas LCPs adoption can help contribute to environmental sustainability in the Nigerian Building Industry. In order to achieve the aim of the study, a questionnaire survey was conducted in Abuja, Lagos, Port-Harcourt, Enugu and Kaduna covering five out of the six geo-political zones of Nigeria. The sample frame for the study consisted of architectural, building consulting and contracting and quantity survey firms in the selected cities. Totally, 446 valid responses were collected and analyzed descriptively using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The results from the study revealed that firms in the Nigerian building industry have adopted all the 32 investigated LCPs. Specifically, it was found that VDC was the most adopted of all the 32 LCPs investigated in the Nigerian building industry. In addition, the result reveals that respondents are of the opinion that adoption of LCPs in building can help in the achievement of a sustainable environment through massive reduction of construction wastes that are injurious to the ecosystem.
Lean construction: an approach to achieving sustainable built environment in Nigeria
Authors: Babalola O , Ibem E O , Ezema I C
Published: October 2019

The Nigerian building industry (NIB) is faced with numerous challenges. Chief among these is how best to manage the different kinds of wastes generated during the building procurement process and by so doing improve the sustainability record of the industry. Cost overrun, time overrun, and waste of building materials are the major problems crippling the industry. However, lean approach has been established in western world such as the USA, UK and others as an approach that helps in attaining sustainability in the building projects. This paper presents result of a study conducted to identify benefits derivable from the adoption of lean practices (LPs) by firms in the NIB. The approach adopted for this study was the review of literature to identify the benefits of Lean Practices (LPs) adoption and a questionnaire survey of architecture, building consulting and contracting and quantity surveying firms in Abuja, Lagos, Port-Harcourt, Enugu and Kaduna. In all, 446 valid responses were obtained and the data analyzed using descriptive statistics. The result revealed that stakeholders in the Nigerian building industry perceived LPs adoption as very helpful in the reduction of time and cost overrun on projects. Thus, the study has established that the adoption of LPs is one of the ways stakeholders in the industry are using to achieve economic sustainability in the procurement of building projects and ensuring that clients and end-users get value for money in such projects.
3D House Printing: A sustainable housing solution for Nigeria’s housing needs
Authors: Afolabi AO , Ojelabi RA , Omuh IO , Tunji-Olayeni PF
Published: October 2019

In a country that has between 17 to 20 million housing deficit with an uncontrolled growing population, there is need for innovative and sustainable solutions to reduce the rate of homelessness and sub-standard living conditions. The study presented the prospects in the use of three-dimensional printing (3DP) as a sustainable housing solution to cater for the housing needs of Nigerians. Nigeria is at the centre of this study due to its population and housing challenges. The study utilized content analysis based on previous studies on 3DP in developed and developing countries. The study identified critical areas that 3DP of houses can solve Nigeria‘s housing needs which are mainly in reducing housing deficit, provide permanent housing solution for IDPs, reduction of construction waste, increased construction safety, achievement of sustainability goals, reduction in construction errors and labour cost.
Gas Chromatographic Study of Bio-active Compounds in Methanolic Extract of Leaf of Crateva adansonii DC
Authors: Ajanaku Christiana O. , Echeme Johnbull O. , Mordi Raphael C. , Olugbuyiro Joseph O. , Osamudiamen Paul M. , Jolayemi Emmanuel G.
Published: October 2019

This study investigates the volatile bioactive components in Crateva adansonii plant that has been applied in the treatment of diverse ailments in the Western part of Nigeria and in Africa. The methanolic leaf extract of Crateva adansonii was subjected to analysis using gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric technique. The mass spectra of the compounds were analysed and identity of the compounds confirmed using the data base of the National Institute of Standard and Technology (NIST) library. The compounds identified includesn-Hexadecanoic acid; 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z); 9-Octadecenoic acid; (Z,E)-2,13-Octadecadien-1-ol; 9,17-Octadecadienal; cis-9-Hexadecenal; cis-Vaccenic acid; Z,Z-10,12-Hexadecadienal; 13-Octadecenal; Hexadecanoic acid 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester; E-11-Hexadecenal. Most of the compounds identified have antibacterial, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and hypocholesterolemic properties, which affirms the therapeutic applications of Crateva adansonii as a medicinal plant.
Carbon (CO2)Footprint Determination: An Empirical Study of Families in Port Harcourt
Authors: Gershon O , Patricia O
Published: October 2019

Dark soot has become a normal phenomenon in the main oil-producing city in Nigeria’s Niger Delta region called Port Harcourt – as also reported in some Chinese cities in the recent past. While many acknowledge that the emissions are hazardous to health and environment,a universal determination and analysis method for the extent of the effect of soot is yet to be agreed. Against this background, this paper determines and analyzes the carbon footprint of an average family in Port Harcourt based on energy consumption and other sources of greenhouse gases. Using theinput-output approach and questionnaire, primary data werecollected on driving habits, energy generation, number of persons in the household, type of cooking device, travel mode and patterns, as well as fuel usage. The sampling instrument was administered to a random selection of 261 households within Port Harcourt that were identified and enrolled (through respective engagements) for the data gathering exercise. The sample population included family sizes that ranged from 1 to 12, in addition to a wide demographic mix. Data obtained from 61% of those contacted was used to determine associated CO2 emissions resulting from their family’s activities. From cooking, electricity consumption, driving and air-travel, it was evidenced, based on the estimates, that the average family in Port Harcourt emits about 5.21tons of CO2e. Furthermore, it is revealed that by each person/family making minor changes to their daily routines, the cumulative effect of individual small savings will make significant impact in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and thereby climate change. Simple steps and policy actions are recommended for families to reduce their footprint.
Innovative methods of cooling solar panel: A concise review
Authors: Olawole O C , Joel E S , Olawole O F , Ikono U I , Moses C , Oyedepo S O , De D K , Nguyen H M , Omeje M , Akinpelu A , Fobagboye L , Ajayi A A , Arijaje E T , Obafemi LN , Oladapo O F , Ayanbisi O W
Published: October 2019

This article surveys the various mechanisms of suppressing the killing heat in the electrical performance when a high solar irradiance strikes the surface of the solar panel. In addressing this killing heat, suitable technologies of cooling (active and passive) must be adopted to checkmate the abrupt temperature increase in the solar panel. The theoretical and experimental results of previous studies were critically reviewed. The study suggests that the efficiency of solar panel can be improved beyond 45 % provided a suitable cooling technology can be adopted during the design and installation.
Optimum Angle of Inclination for a Fixed Stand-Alone Photovoltaic: A Review
Authors: Ayara W. A , Akinboro F.G , Usikalu M. R , Oyeyemi K. D , Orovwode H.
Published: October 2019

The optimum angle of tilt for PV system is very important for best performance in the generation of power and other related use of photovoltaic. This work, reviews the best angle of inclination for a stand-alone photovoltaic panel. The consideration of various studies has been looked at in line with some models. It was observed that the yearly fixed angle of tilt is close to or same as the latitude for a given location, although this may not be appropriate for use in other locations. The annual optimal angle of tilt of some locations were closely related in value i.e. 20.50°, 20.50°, 21.50°, 20.20°, 21.30° and 22.40°. The best electrical performance for the PV system was observed to be above 1598kWh/m2 at20° inclination facing south. Hencethe value of the optimum angle of tilt for best electrical performance of an array of stand-alone PV system could vary between 0° and 90° depending on the location latitude.
Restoration of power supply to post-conflict communities in Northern Nigeria: Implication for sustainable Reintegration of Returning Migrants
Authors: Adekola Paul O , Azuh D. E , Amoo E. O
Published: October 2019

North-East Nigeria is currently emerging from brutal insurgent attacks that lasted for almost a decade since 2009 and has thereby plunged the region deeper into poverty and economic chaos, making it the poorest region in Nigeria. As thousands of displaced people prepare to move back to their rural communities, a large proportion of the predominantly farm-based rural populations are going to grow food crops and live in built-houses for the first time in a decade. The questions that come to mind, among several others are; what is the situation of the villages especially in the area of social infrastructures, particularly electricity? Can restoration of power and building of skill acquisition centre guarantee their sustainable reintegration? Drawing upon several past studies undertaken in post-conflict communities in many other countries, this paper provides empirically-based responses to these questions. Responses from returning migrants which serve as results of the findings in this study show that sustainable reintegration and meaningful rural development cannot be achieved unless power (electricity) is restored to the post-conflict communities where the forced migrants are set to return. This is because it will serve as a catalyst to social and economic development in the post-conflict agrarian communities.
Exergy analysis of Naphtha Hydrotreating Unit (NHU)
Authors: Agbo A. F , Aboje A. A , Obayomi K. S
Published: October 2019

The aim of this research work is to develop an exergy analysis of Naphtha Hydrotreating Unit of the Kaduna Refinery and Petrochemical Company (KRPC). This was achieved through extraction of data from the Laboratory operating manual and the process flow diagram of the naphtha hydrotreating unit of the refinery which is used in the simulation; the site of primary exergy destruction was also determined. The major components of exergy efficiencies of the major component were determine. Also the potential for process improvement through revamp was determined. Exergy analysis of Naphtha Hydrotreating Unit (NHU) of the Kaduna Refining and Petrochemical Company was successfully simulated using Aspen HYSYS. Exergy efficiencies were found to be very low in Heaters 11H01 and 11H02 at 23.9% and 50.0% respectively. Similarly low efficiencies were respectively observed in Columns 11C02 and 11C01 at 48.7% and 52.8%. The major contributors to exergy destructions were found to be Column 11C01 and Heater 11H01 with percentage contribution of 21.6% and 14.6% respectively, totaling 36.2% of the total irreversibility recorded in the NHU process. Heat recovery from flue gas in the furnace and boilers was considered and found to be economically viable with a payback period of less than one year.
Utilization of renewable energy for improved power generation in Nigeria
Authors: Christopher Esan Oladapo , Anthony Edward J , Samuel Obaseki Oluwatosin
Published: October 2019

The current condition of electrical power supply in Nigeria poses serious risks to the wellbeing of its citizenry, economic progress and overall growth of the nation. The low-level diversification of electricity production in the country has led to the necessity of deploying sustainable energy resources, particularly renewables into its generation mix so as to meet Nigeria’s ever-increasing power demand. The most significant renewable sources in the country - hydro, wind, biomass and solar, all have high potential for power generation in Nigeria. This study highlights the present state of electrical powerin Nigeria and suggests strategies to improve the situation, mainly by harnessing renewable energy resources within the country and then integrating their power output into the nation’s electricity grid.
Investigating the Influence of Selective Co-sensitization of Two N719 Dyes on the Micro-Energy Generation from Dye-sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Abodunrin T.J , Boyo A.O , Usikalu M.R , Emetere M.E
Published: October 2019

All of life’s processes require energy for their successful implementation. However, the amount of energy required for different process has varying indices. Thus, there is a keen focus on the study of energy generation from eco-friendly resources as represented in this study. Several outstanding attributes of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) make them notable alternatives for inquiry from the wide repertoire of renewable energy resources. Foremost amongst these properties is ready availability, low cost, ease of fabrication, tunable optical properties, ability to operate under conditions of diffuse lighting and withstand extreme temperatures. Preliminary phytochemical investigation ofB.spectabilisandL.arboreusleaves showed the presence of numerous metabolites available for charge transport. More intricate spectroscopic study of their microstructure with SEM revealed factors that contributed to the electrodynamics and output performance of the DSCs. FTIR spectroscopy identified active chromophores responsible for the characteristic redox of each DSC. Finally, the photovoltaic characterization of each DSC was compared with the co-sensitized DSC of the two dyes. The result is a geometric multiplication of their individual output. The short circuit current (Isc) values of the co-sensitized DSC was 94.7 % and 97.2 % less than the initial recorded respectively forB.spectabilisandL.arboreusDSCs. Maximum power output from the Co-sensitized DSC was over 500 times that from the individual DSCs. The significance of this result is that co-sensitization ofL.arboreusandB.spectabilisimproved favourable interstitial boundary spaces which facilitated excellent interboundary relationship. Although this efficiency output is a miniscule compared with present efficiency output of monocrystalline silicon solar cells, the microstructural analysis in this work provides impetus for more research especially, in more co-sensitization of with other dyes, modelling. It is also recommended that, electron lifetime vital factor of consideration in future selection of dyes for co-sensitization.
Short review on air pollution from cement factories
Authors: Emetere M.E. , Dania E
Published: October 2019

The paper presents the challenge in the pollution in cement factories. The health implication is huge leading to unimaginable sickness. The review considers the impact of the pollution. Also, the paper considers legal framework to control the excess dispersion of cement pollutants into the factory. It is concluded that the risk of indiscriminate dissemination of cement factory pollution can be reduce if health institutions and government can synergize with stringent legal framework.
Numerical analysis of textile industrial pollution: Case study of initial pollution dispersion into immediate environment
Authors: Emetere M.E. , Gbenro T.T.
Published: October 2019

Pollution from textile industry is huge because the pollutants are chemical that are dangerous both in liquid and gaseous form. The dispersion of the pollutants was evaluated using mathematical models. It was observed that the dispersion modes of pollutants are both stable and turbulent. Hence, when textile pollution is not controlled, it has huge potential to claim life forms. It is recommended that the dumping and improper disposal of textile waste should be avoided. Also, there is an option of recycled or made from recyclable and biodegradable products.
Current Trends in Workflow Mining
Authors: Ajayi L K , Azeta A A , Owolabi I T , Damilola O O , Chidozie F , Azeta A E , Amosu O
Published: October 2019

Current workflow management systems need a deep insight into the design of organization’s business process. Creating a business workflow design is sometimes complicated, inaccurate, time-consuming and non-error free. This business process design requires adequate tools and techniques needed to help organizations or companies achieve their desirable target. To aid the support of workflow, scholars have proposed the use of workflow mining which helps organizations have a deep insight into their business processes. This study gives an in-depth analysis on the current trend of workflow mining and also discusses their strengths and limitations/weaknesses. Most existing approaches produces models that are generalized, incomplete, not well represented and shows only fuzzy pictures of the workflow investigated. The challenging issues that arise as a result of inaccurately applying the right algorithm to construct a work model from workflow logs are also highlighted. There is need to make appropriate selection for a good mining algorithm to avoid any setback and understanding the organization business workflow processes for business design, modeling, resource strategy and planning control. It is essential to have a comprehensive characterization study of workflow mining algorithms. The resulting insights provides a foundation for such workflow mining algorithms necessary for improving business processes schemes as well as for the effectiveness of future services and application
A Naive Bayes approach to fraud prediction in loan default
Authors: Eweoya I O , Adebiyi A A , Azeta A A , Chidozie F , Agono F O , Guembe B
Published: October 2019

The essence of granting loans to individuals and corporate beneficiaries is to boost the economy while the lenders make profit from the interest that accrues to the lending. However, due to non-compliance to basic rules, fraud is prevalent in credit administration and traditional methods of detecting fraud have failed. Furthermore, they are time-consuming and less accurate. This work uses a supervised machine learning approach, specifically the Naïve Bayes to predict fraudulent practices in loan administration based on training and testing of labeled dataset. Previous works either predict credit worthiness or detect loan fraud but not predicting fraud in credit default. The approach employed in this work yielded 78 % accuracy.
Fraud prediction in loan default using support vector machine
Authors: Eweoya I O , Adebiyi A A , Azeta A A , Amosu Olufunmilola
Published: October 2019

The concept of taking loan has been in existence since inception of the human race but it is now taking diverse dimensions. This spans through personal exchange of loans for repayment based on personal track records, enjoying loans as proceeds of daily contribution without collaterals, except for the banking sector that requests collaterals for official loans. The uniform occurrence of being unable to pay the debts and resulting in a default is evident to the level of bank closures and nations’ bankruptcy is experienced across board. With a large volume and variety of data, credit history judgment by man is inefficient; case-based, analogy-based reasoning and statistical approaches have been employed but the 21st century fraudulent attempts cannot be discovered by these approaches, hence; the machine learning approach using the support vector machine. This work employs a supervised learning approach based on machine learning to predict the possibility of a fraud in a loan application through hidden trends in data instead of giving loans which ordinarily should not be approved; past occurrences discovered through machine learning reveals risky loans and a possible fraud by humans in approvals that can result in a default. Machine learning approaches are able to detect fraudulent financial statements to avert business comatose.
A simple technique to evaluate aerosols loading in the atmosphere of Lome-Togo
Authors: Emetere M.E. , Ijeh B.I.
Published: October 2019

The reality of aerosol loading is synonymous to climate change. According to National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) imagery, aerosol deposition over West is very high compared to other parts of the world. The danger of aerosol loading is grave when in excess and little effort is made by government in the West Africa region to embark on ground measurement of aerosol optical depth (AOD). In this paper, the satellite measurement (Multi-angle Imaging Spectro-Radiometer) was used to obtain the aerosol optical over the research area. The computational analysis was carried out using the MATLAB software. The percentage of increase of aerosols loading was high in 2001, 2005 and 2011 that was 5.7%, 24.5%, 8% and 11.1%. Cumulatively increase of aerosol loading within 15 years was 11.7%. It is therefore recommended that government in the region should be more committed to ground measurement of AOD to ascertain the state of air pollution in the lower troposphere.
Empirical Comparison of Cross-Validation and Test Data on Internet Traffic Classification Methods
Authors: Jonathan Oluranti , Omoregbe Nicholas , Misra Sanjay
Published: October 2019

In this paper, we compare two validation methods that are used to estimate the performance of classification algorithms in a non-problem-specific knowledge scenario. One way to measure the performance of a classification algorithm is to determine its prediction error rate. However, this value cannot be calculated but estimated. In this work, we apply and compare two common methods used for estimation namely: test data and cross-validation. Precisely, we analyze and compare the statistical properties of the K-fold cross-validation and test data estimators of the prediction error rates of six classifiers namely; Naïve Bayes, KNN, Random Forest, SVM, J48, and OneR. From the study, the statistical property of repeated cross-validation tends to stabilize the prediction error estimation which in turn reduces the variance of the prediction error estimator when compared with test data. The NIMS dataset collected over a network was employed in the experimental study.
Modelling curves of mean monthly minute-by-minute and hourly relative humidity, air temperature and solar radiation of Ota, Nigeria
Authors: Adepitan J O , Usikalu M R , Falayi E O
Published: October 2019

Agricultural, biological, environmental and physical processes require one or a combination of temperature, relative humidity and solar radiation. One-minute-data of these parameters for Ota, Nigeria, for September - December 2012 were obtained from meteorological centre of the Department of Physics Covenant University. Using MATLAB, diurnal patterns of mean monthly minute-by-minute and mean monthly hourly were fitted. Fournier, Gaussian, Sum of Sine Functions and Exponential models were also fitted, with the accuracy of the models determined from the Coefficient of Determination (R2), Sum of Square Error (SSE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). Best-fit-model was Fourier, the worst being Exponential. Best models obtained in case of minute-by-minute basis occurred when R2 = 0.9998, RMSE = 0.02948 and SSE = 1.237 for air temperature; for relative humidity, R2 = 0.9998, RMSE = 0.1007 and SSE = 14.43 while for solar radiation, R2 = 0.9997, RMSE = 9.301 and SSE = 1.23e+005.In case of hourly basis R2 = 0.9991, RMSE = 0.09226 and SSE = 0.8512 for air temperature; for relative humidity, R2 = 0.9984, RMSE = 0.4976 and SSE = 1.981 while for solar radiation, R2 = 0.9995, RMSE = 6.631 and SSE = 351.7. The results can produce input for weather pattern information planning in Ota, Nigeria.
Review on Insider Threat Detection Techniques
Authors: Oladimeji T. O. , Ayo C. K , Adewumi S.E
Published: October 2019

An insider, also regarded as an employee of a company, becomes a threat when the intention or action can affect the company negatively. Insider threat has been an eminent problem in organizations that has resulted in the loss of trust, confidential data and information. This study seeks to review current existing techniques to insider threat detection and also proffers machine learning technique as the way forward for insider threat detection.
Investigation into Wireless Power Transfer in near Field using Induction Technique
Authors: Usikalu M. R. , Adewole S. A. , Achuka J. A. , Adagunodo T. A. , Abodunrin T. J. , Obafemi L. N.
Published: October 2019

Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) enables transfer of electric power from the source to electrical load(s) in the absence of any physical link. This mode of transmission is favourable especially when it is not feasible or convenient to connect wires together. In WPT, the most important parameter is the efficiency, where the energy transmitted by the ‘plant’ is obtained by the receiver, thereby defining the economic importance of such system. This study is aimed at showing how electrical energy can be transferred on a near field basis using induction. In order to achieve this aim, the transmitter converts the DC source from an oscillator, with the high frequency AC, which is linked with the wireless power transmitting coil. The experiment showed how electricity can be transmitted at certain distances from a resonating coil. The project showed that the mutual inductance of two coupled coils resonating at a considerably high frequency is proportional to the power output of the systems. It was observed that inductors wrapped around an iron core placed on the same axis to each other with 56 turns of copper wire resulted in a more efficient power transfer and a higher power output than when inductors placed at different axis to each. An instantaneous increase in voltage was also measured while power was gradually built up in the resonating coil. This project can be applied in the industry for the generation transmission of power without conducting cables.
Evaluation of the Effects of some Weather Variables on UHF and VHF Receivers within Benin City, South-South Region of Nigeria
Authors: Ukhurebor K.E. , Olayinka S.A. , Nwankwo W. , Alhasan C.
Published: October 2019

The effects of some essential meteorological variables such as temperature, relative humidity and mean sea level pressure on the Ultra High Frequency (UHF) radio signals from Edo Broadcasting Service (EBS) transmitting at 743.25 MHz UHF and Very High Frequency (VHF) radio signals from Nigerian Television Authority (NTA) transmitting at 189.25 MHz VHF both in in Benin City, Edo State, South-South region of Nigerialocated within 6°20’17″N and 5°37’32″E was evaluated in this study. The measurements of the radio signal strength from EBS television station and radio signal strength from NTA television station were done using the Digital Community-Access/Cable Television (CATV) analyser, while a self-implemented weather monitoring device was used for the measurement of the weather variables simultaneously at an equidistant position within the City. The measurements were carried out continuously for every six hours (between 12am-1am, 6am-7am, 12pm-1pm and 6pm-7pm local time respectively) all through the year, 2018. From the obtained results, it was observed that the radio signals from both the UHF and VHF television stations were directly proportional to the temperature, inversely proportional to the relative humidity and no defined pattern of proportionality with the mean sea level pressure. Inferentially, the radio signals from the UHF television station were seen to be mostly affected by these weather variables and these effects were more pronounced during the months with high relative humidity compared with the months with lower relative humidity. However, a postulation that would still be subjected to further verification has been proposed from these results. It is believed that these results and proposed postulation would definitely be helpful in guiding and assisting the management of radio communication systems for planning and other purposes.