bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Space vector pulse width modulation strategy for modular multilevel converters in power system
Authors: Lu Shengyang , Zhenhong Yan , Yongsheng Xiong , Jianhao Zhang , Tong Wang , Yu Zhu , Yuqiu Sui , Junyou Yang , Zhang Li , Wang Haixin
Published: April 2023

As a superior modulation strategy, space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) provides redundant voltage vectors and adjustable action time, which can achieve multi‐objective control of modular multilevel converter (MMC). An SVPWM strategy suitable for MMC is proposed. The strategy is divided into three stages. In the first stage, the appropriate voltage vector, the action time and the basic sub‐module (SM) input number are quickly calculated to ensure the output quality by equating MMC as a 2‐level inverter. In the second stage, a finite set of the circulating current suppression is established on the basis of the basic SM input number. The optimal SM input number is selected through rolling optimisation. In the last stage, according to the SM voltage sorting and the optimal SM input number, the optimal switching state is determined to realise the SM voltage balance control. The proposed control strategy simplifies the design of the control system, reduces the computational burden and can be easily extended to MMC with any SM number. The simulation and experimental results show that the proposed SVPWM strategy can reduce the circulating current and balance the SM capacitor voltage while ensuring the output quality.
Adaptive distributed demand side management with weighted dimension reduction for energy resource management in smart grid
Authors: Kafash Farkhad Masoud , Akbari Foroud Asghar
Published: April 2023

Demand side management (DSM) consists of planning, executing, and controlling activities to reduce electricity consumption. By using demand response (DR), customers help reduce demand during peak times. Consumer participation in DSM depends on his behaviour. Consumer behaviour is determined by factors such as lifestyle, electricity price, electricity consumption tariff, contract type etc. Thus, factors affecting the consumer's behaviour should be considered in order to determine more accurately the amount of participation in DSM programs. This article presents a model for the optimal scheduling of distributed energy resources by taking into account factors related to consumer behaviour. To reduce the volume of the DR data while maintaining the main features, distributed principal component analysis (D_PCA) was used to reduce the volume of DR data. Also, by integrating this method with the accelerated hybrid alternating direction method of multipliers (AHADMM) algorithm, an adapted and accelerated method is achieved to realize the reliability and cyber security of the system. The case study was conducted on the IEEE 118 bus power system at different levels of demand, which verified proposed meta‐algorithm improved at least between 4 to 13 iterations of energy resource convergence speed compared to similar methods and while DR is also intended.
Polymer‐based nanocomposites in semiconductor packaging
Authors: Li Tengyu , Li Peng , Sun Rong , Yu Shuhui
Published: April 2023

Semiconductor packaging materials play a critical role in the development of semiconductor devices. They not only provide reliable protection and support, but also contribute to the electrical connection between the chip and the external circuit. Among many choices of packaging materials, polymer‐based nanocomposites have become the mainstream candidate due to their low cost, easy processability, and tunable properties. Materials with low dielectric constant and dielectric loss, high glass transition temperature, fast thermal conductivity, suitable coefficient of thermal expansion, low viscosity, and good processability are commonly required in semiconductor packaging, yet most polymers do not meet these criteria. Therefore, modulation of the polymer matrix, introduction of suitable fillers, and modification of the filler surface are often effective approaches to enhance the performance of the composites. Here, the authors first review current research progresses of polymer‐based nanocomposites for five different types of packaging applications, namely moulding compounds, thermal interface materials, underfills, die attach materials, and substrates. The authors then present prospects of developing next‐generation polymer‐based nanocomposites for advanced semiconductor packaging and propose some suggestions to solve the existing challenges.
Development of enhanced direct torque control for surface‐mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor drive operation
Authors: Meesala Ravi Eswar Kodumur , Udumula Ramanjaneya Reddy , Nizami Tousif Khan , Hosseinpour Alireza
Published: April 2023

Direct torque control (DTC) is one of the most prominent control techniques used by permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives in industry applications. Nevertheless, the presence of hysteresis controllers and inaccurate voltage switching table in traditional DTC results in higher torque and flux ripple. This study proposes an enhanced DTC functioned Surface‐mounted PMSM (S‐PMSM) drive with mitigation of torque and flux ripple. The operation relies on generating the reference voltage vector (VV) in a stationary reference frame, which supports control of torque and flux without hysteresis controllers. The reference VV generation is simple and does not affect control robustness. The position of reference VV in a sector is used to build the voltage vector (VV) switching table. As a result, the application of nearest discrete VV to reference VV produces optimal torque and flux control. Moreover, redundant switching combinations of null VV are effectively used for possible minimization of switching frequency of two‐level voltage source inverter (VSI) supplied S‐PMSM drive. Therefore, proposed DTC gains improved S‐PMSM drive response along with switching frequency reduction. In dSPACE‐RTI 1104 platform, experimental response of S‐PMSM drive under various operating conditions have been depicted to highlight the proficiency of proposed DTC in comparison with existing DTC.
High-velocity CP2 stars in the Galactic halo
Authors: Faltová N. , Prišegen M. , Bernhard K. , Hümmerich S. , Paunzen E.
Published: April 2023

Context. The second subclass of chemically peculiar stars, the CP2 stars, are early-type stars exhibiting anomalous abundances with variable line strengths possibly also accompanied by photometric variability that typically belong to the Galactic disk. However, a small fraction of these objects were recently found to be located far from the Galactic plane and are thought to belong to the Galactic halo, which is unexpected for this class of objects.

Aims. Our study investigates the halo membership of the proposed halo CP2 star candidates based on their velocities and Galactic orbits, to determine their points of origin. In addition, we searched for further halo CP2 star candidates using an as-yet-unpublished sample of CP stars.

Methods. Our analysis relied on the astrometry from the early third Gaia data release and radial velocities based on the spectroscopy from LAMOST and SDSS, which was also employed in spectral classification. The light variability of the confirmed CP2 stars in our sample was analyzed using data from the ZTF and ATLAS surveys.

Results. After filtering our initial sample using kinematic and spectroscopic criteria, we identified six CP2 stars with kinematical properties consistent with a halo membership. The orbits of these stars are in agreement with an origin in the Galactic disk where they were probably ejected through dynamical interactions or in the binary supernova scenario, making them the first runaway CP2 stars known.
Cosmo-tomography toward PKS 1830−211: Variability of the quasar and of its foreground molecular absorption monitored with ALMA
Authors: Muller S. , Martí-Vidal I. , Combes F. , Gérin M. , Beelen A. , Horellou C. , Guélin M. , Aalto S. , Black J. H. , van Kampen E.
Published: April 2023

Context. Time variability of astronomical sources provides crude information on their typical size and on the implied physical mechanisms. PKS 1830−211 is a remarkable radio-bright lensed quasar with a foreground molecular absorber in the lens galaxy at z = 0.89. Small-scale morphological changes in the core–jet structure of the quasar – which is magnified by the lensing – result in a varying illumination of the absorber screen, which in turn causes variations in the absorption profile.

Aims. We aim to study the time variations of the system (the two main lensed images of the quasar and the two corresponding sightlines in the absorber) in order to obtain constraints on both the quasar activity and small-scale structures in the interstellar medium of the absorber.

Methods. We used ALMA to monitor the submillimeter continuum emission of PKS 1830−211, together with the absorption spectra of the H2O and CH molecules, with 17 visits spread over six months in 2016. Complementing this, we used available ALMA data to investigate changes in the system in the period 2012−2022.

Results. From the continuum data, we followed the evolution of the flux density, flux-density ratio, spectral index, and differential polarization between the two lensed images of the quasar; all quantities show significant variations related to the intrinsic activity of the quasar. We propose a simple parametric model of a core plus a ballistic plasmon to account for the continuum evolution, from which we constrain a time delay of 25 ± 3 days between main lensed images. The spectral lines reveal significant variations in the foreground absorption profile. A principal component analysis highlights apparent wavy time variations, possibly linked to the helical jet precession period of the quasar. From the deep averaged spectra towards the southwest image, we detect the absorption of the rare isotopolog 13CH and estimate an abundance ratio of 12CH/13CH ∼ 150. We also measure the oxygen isotopic ratios, 16O/18O = 65.3 ± 0.7 and 18O/17O = 11.5 ± 0.5 in the z = 0.89 absorber. Finally, we find a remarkable continuous shallow trough in the water absorption spanning a velocity interval of nearly 500 km s−1. This broad absorption could be the signature of an extra-planar molecular component.

Conclusions. All together, the system formed by the quasar PKS 1830−211 and its foreground lens–absorber acts as a powerful gravitational microscope, providing us with the possibility to dissect small-scale structures in both the ISM of the foreground absorber and the jet of the background quasar.
Recurrent 3He-rich solar energetic particle injections observed by Solar Orbiter at ∼0.5 au
Authors: Bučík R. , Mason G. M. , Nitta N. V. , Krupar V. , Rodriguez L. , Ho G. C. , Hart S. T. , Dayeh M. A. , Rodríguez-Pacheco J. , Gómez-Herrero R. , Wimmer-Schweingruber R. F.
Published: April 2023

We report Solar Orbiter observations of six recurrent solar energetic particle injections in 2022 March 3−6 at ∼0.5 au. All but one were associated with jets emanating from a plage near a large sunspot in active region 12 957. We saw large jets in injections with high 3He and Fe enrichments and minor jets in injections with no or lower enrichments. Furthermore, the event with the highest enrichment showed a more compact configuration of the underlying photospheric magnetic field. The higher fluences as well as harder spectra were seen in the event with a simultaneous jet and wider eruption. However, in this case, the energy buildup time in the source might be required to produce such spectra. Extreme-ultraviolet images from Solar Orbiter revealed a number of intersecting loops at the base of jets not seen from 1 au that might be a precondition for the recurrent events.
Modeling study of EMBr effects on molten steel flow, heat transfer and solidification in a continuous casting mold
Authors: Xu Lin , Pei Qunwu , Han Zefeng , Wang Engang , Wang Jianyu , Karcher Christian
Published: April 2023

During continuous casting process, the internal molten steel flow pattern of the mold is one of the important factors affecting the quality of slab products. The application of electromagnetic braking (EMBr) technology in the slab caster provides an effective solution to improve the molten steel flow pattern in the mold. In the current research, one of the commonly used EMBr technology is studied, namely the Ruler-EMBr technology. In detail, the effect of magnetic flux density on the behavior of the molten steel jet flow, heat transfer, and solidification in a 1450 mm × 230 mm slab mold is numerically simulated through a Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) turbulence model together with an enthalpy-porosity approach. The simulation results indicate that the electromagnetic force generated by the Ruler-EMBr can significantly suppress the diffusion of the impinging jet to the narrow face of the mold with the increase of magnetic flux density. By that, the impact of the upward backflow on the meniscus region in the mold is suppressed. Correspondingly, the uniformity of the temperature distribution in the mold is effectively improved. The parametric studies suggest that the optimized magnetic flux density is 0.3 T to ensure the improvement of steel quality with a casting speed of 1.6 m/min. By applying the magnetic flux density of 0.3 T, the Ruler-EMBr has a better capability to reduce the maximum amplitude of the surface velocity by 24.5% and increase the average surface temperature of the molten steel by 0.25% when compared to the case of No-EMBr. With this electromagnetic parameter, the Ruler-EMBr technology can well prevent the mold flux entrapment and promote solidified shell uniform growth along the casting direction.
Co-construire un programme éducatif avec des partenaires de patients : une clé du succès ?
Authors: Cherillat Marie-Sophie , Berland Pauline , Borie Constance , Gerbaud Laurent
Published: April 2023

Objectifs : La prévalence croissante des maladies chroniques dans les pays occidentaux nécessite une prise en charge globale par les professionnels de santé et une autogestion par les patients. Certains programmes d’éducation thérapeutique du patient (ETP) sont co-construits avec des patients partenaires. Cette étude vise à déterminer si l’absence de partenariat patient dans le développement d’un programme d’ETP a eu un effet sur son échec ou son succès. Matériel et méthode : Une étude rétrospective des programmes d’ETP autorisés par l’Agence Régionale de Santé de la région Auvergne, entre 2011 et 2016 a été réalisée. Pour chaque programme autorisé, nous avons cherché à savoir si les programmes co-développés avaient été renouvelés. Résultats : Sur 95 programmes autorisés, 69,5 % ont été renouvelés. Parmi les programmes co-développés, 86,2 % ont été renouvelés contre 62,1 % sans partenariat patient (p = 0,0189). Conclusion : Le partenariat patient dans le développement de programmes d’ETP semble conduire à la réussite du projet et à sa pérennisation. Ce partenariat pourrait modifier la manière dont les professionnels de santé perçoivent la vie avec les maladies chroniques. Nos conclusions pourraient inciter les décideurs politiques à promouvoir ce partenariat en formation professionnelle et à en faire une condition à la mise en place de programmes d’ETP.
Prävention des Schütteltraumas
Authors: Finter Johannes , Pawils Silke , Timmermann Lisa , Sperhake Jan-Peter , Ondruschka Benjamin , Seifert Dragana
Published: April 2023

Hintergrund Trotz Aufklärung bleibt die Prävalenz des Schütteltrauma-Syndroms (STS) unverändert hoch. Die Präventionskampagne #schüttelntötet sticht mit auffallender Bildsprache hervor. Die Studie prüfte die Akzeptanz und Praktikabilität von #schüttelntötet als Flyer mit Informationsgespräch bei der U3-Vorsorgeuntersuchung (U3). Zudem wurde das elterliche Wissen über Säuglingsschreien und STS erfragt.

Methoden Bei der U3 in Hamburger kinder- und jugendärztlichen Praxen wurde elterliches Wissen über Säuglingsschreien und STS sowie Praktikabilität und Akzeptanz von #schüttelntötet bei Eltern und Ärzt:innen evaluiert. Es wurden dabei zwei Varianten (Übergabe eines Flyers mit/ohne Informationsgespräch) verglichen.

Ergebnisse 245 Eltern gaben Auskunft zu Säuglingsschreien und STS. 6 % äußerten, dass Schütteln manchmal hilft, ein Baby zu beruhigen. Angemessenen Umgang mit Säuglingsschreien nannten 41 %. Eltern und Ärzt:innen bewerteten #schüttelntötet positiv. Ein Informationsgespräch zur Flyerübergabe wurde von den meisten Eltern für notwendig erachtet.

Diskussion Die Studie bestätigt die Notwendigkeit zur Aufklärung zum STS. #schüttelntötet findet bei Eltern und Kinderärzt:innen hohe Akzeptanz. Die Flyer mit Informationsgespräch sollten fester Bestandteil der U3 sein.
Hypoglykämieängste bei Kindern, Jugendlichen und ihren Familien
Authors: Tomm Anne , Kopp Franziska , Gutschke Miriam , Krystek Susanne
Published: April 2023

Psychische Auffälligkeiten bei Kindern und Jugendlichen mit Diabetes Typ 1 (DT1) oder deren primären Bezugspersonen erschweren die Behandlung des Diabetes und erhöhen das Risiko von Folgekomplikationen. Dazu zählen auch diabetesbezogene Ängste wie die Hypoglykämieangst. Diese kann zu maladaptiven Verhaltensweisen führen, die sich negativ auf das Diabetesmanagement auswirken. Zudem werden das emotionale Wohlbefinden und die Lebensqualität von Betroffenen eingeschränkt. Das frühzeitige Erkennen von Hypoglykämieängsten durch eine ausführliche Anamnese ist daher bedeutsam. Beim Vorliegen relevanter klinischer Symptome sollte zeitnah eine ambulante oder stationäre psychotherapeutische Behandlung erfolgen. Hierbei sollten die betroffenen Familien in die Lage versetzt werden, die Ängste zu bewältigen und das Diabetesmanagement möglichst unbelastet in ihren Alltag zu integrieren.
The Future of Community Outreach: Using Patient Portals to Provide Voter Resources during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic
Authors: Hernandez Sean , George Tyler , Dharod Ajay , Feiereisel Kirsten , Bundy Richa , Williams Donna
Published: April 2023

Background During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there was a concern for the 2020 general election becoming a superspreader event due to in-person voting.

Objectives Our project addressed this concern by disseminating nonpartisan websites detailing safe voter options in the state of North Carolina to prevent community spread of the virus as much as possible.

Methods In this study, patient portals were used to disseminate a Research Electronic Data Capture survey containing embedded links to voter resources including nonpartisan websites discussing voting options. The survey also asked for demographic data and sentiments regarding the resources provided. Quick response (QR) codes with the survey link were also placed in the clinics during the study period.

Results The survey was sent to 14,842 patients who had at least one patient encounter in the past 12 months at one of three General Internal Medicine clinics at Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist. Survey participation through both the patient portals and QR codes was assessed. Patient sentiments toward the voter resources in regard to (1) interest and (2) perceived helpfulness were collected in the survey. In total, 738 (4.99%) patients filled out the survey. Eighty-seven percent of survey respondents reported that the voter resources were helpful. Significantly more black patients than white (29.3 vs. 18.2, p < 0.05) voiced interest in voter resources. There was no statistical significance across gender or reported comorbidities.

Conclusion Multicultural, underserved, and underinsured patients perceived the most benefit. During public health crises, patient portal messages can be used to bridge information gaps and promote better health outcomes in a timely and effective manner.
Unexpected Resolution of Obstructive Sleep Apnea after Nasal Surgery in a Patient Nonadherent to Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy
Authors: Ji Ki-Hwan
Published: April 2023

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is recommended as first-line therapy in cases of moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) prevents upper airway obstruction and abolishes apnea or hypopnea events during sleep. But up to 50% of OSA patients may be nonadherent to CPAP due to various causes, including nasal obstruction. Nasal surgery may improve CPAP compliance in some OSA patients but is not regarded as OSA therapy. Here, I report a patient non-adherent to CPAP whose sleep apnea resolved unexpectedly after nasal surgery to increase adherence to CPAP.
Poincare vector correlations to estimate polarization dynamics in the laser speckle
Authors: Chandra Sourav , Singh Rajeev , Singh Rakesh Kumar
Published: April 2023

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a new method to measure the spatial polarization dynamics of laser speckles. This is realized by using the concept of the Poincare vector correlations and experimentally measured Stokes parameters. Two-point correlations of the Stokes parameters offer a new and stable experimental technique to determine the Poincare vector correlations and characterize the polarization fluctuations of the laser speckle. The use of two-point Stokes correlations in the evaluation of spatial polarization dynamics offers a new method and the performance of this technique is tested by evaluating the spatial polarization dynamics of three different cases of the laser speckles. Experimental results are also tested and compared with the simulations results and good agreement between simulation and experimental results confirm the accuracy and usefulness of our technique in the characterization of the polarization dynamics.
Electrical characteristics of the 3 × 6 × n cobweb cascaded LC complex impedance network
Authors: Luo Da-Feng , Luo Feng-Hua , Luo Li-Jin
Published: April 2023

For the cobweb circuit network, the previous research focuses on the single-stage cobweb. In this paper, we studied a kind of multi-stage cobweb composed of n single-stage cobwebs, namely a 3 × 6 × n cobweb cascade LC network (CCLCN). To calculate the equivalent impedance of such large-scale complex circuit networks, we used a method that combines the replacement method with the modified recursive-transformation method (referred to as the R-MRT method). The CCLCN circuit was first replaced by a purely resistive circuit with identical connections, then the purely resistive circuit was calculated by the modified recursive-transformation method, and finally, the equivalent impedance of the CCLCN circuit was obtained by parameter replacement. Utilizing the above method, we obtained the exact analytical expression of the equivalent impedance of the 3 × 6 × n CCLCN. This result shows that the equivalent impedance problem of large-scale complex circuit networks such as the multi-stage cobweb has been solved.
The physical, structural, elastic, optical and thermal studies on sesquioxides (Al2O3, Y2O3, Sb2O3) doped Oxy Fluoro Cobalt Borate Glasses
Authors: Sudhakar B K , Chand N Rama Krishna , Tirupati Vennela , PVS Sairam , Ravi Kumar G , Rao G Srinivasa , Rao Ch Srinivasa
Published: April 2023

Sesquioxides (Al2O3, Y2O3, Sb2O3) doped Oxy fluoro Cobalt borate novel luminescent series of glasses are prepared by melt quenching method. The structural characteristics of these glasses were studied by XRD, SEM and EDS techniques. The change in physical parameters such as density of all the series of glasses prepared gives a pathway for cobalt/Alumina/Antimony/Yttrium ions to enter in to borate glass network with the enhancement in the concentration of corresponding dopants. The depolymerization of the borate glass network is evident by the decline in various elastic parameters with B-O-Co/Y/Sb/Al bonds and by the modifier role of CoO/Y2O3/Sb2O3/Al2O3 transforming a fraction of tetrahedral BO3 units into BO4 units. Both FTIR and IR spectra indicate an increase in octahedral occupancy of cations Co2+, Y3+, Sb3+and Al3+ ions in the glass network with the increase of their concentration. The conversion rate of tetrahedral BO3 units to octahedral BO4 units leading to the formation of NBOs is more in Al3+ and least in Y3+ with the increase of concentration of sesquioxides at 0.05 mol% concentration of CoO. The optical absorption spectra of all series of glasses prepared reveal that octahedral occupancy of cobalt ions is dominant due to the ligand fields created by different sesquioxide ions in the glass network produce NBOs and number of electrons trapped at the donor centers. The PL spectra of all the series of these glasses reveal the octahedral occupancy of Co2+ ions, which is evident from the two emission transitions 2T1g(H) →4T1g(F) (531–556 nm) and 2Eg→5T2g (699–718 nm).The prepared series of glasses show efficient luminescence of Cobalt ions, and Al2O3 series of glasses are better candidates for luminescence as their emission Cross-sections are highest when compared with the remaining series of glasses.
Spin-valley switch and conductance oscillations in antiferromagnetic transition metal dichalcogenides
Authors: Li Wen , Lu Wei-Tao
Published: April 2023

Antiferromagnetic materials are regarded as the outstanding candidates for the next generation of spintronics applications thanks to the numerous interesting features. We theoretically study the spin and valley transport in transition metal dichalcogenides in the present of antiferromagnetic exchange field. It is found that the spin and valley dependent band gap can be controlled by the exchange field. The system could become a spin-valley half metal, where a certain spin-valley electron is metallic state and other electrons are insulating states. The normal/antiferromagnetic/normal junction could work as an effective spin-valley switch controlled by the gate voltage. In the normal/antiferromagnetic/normal/ferromagnetic/normal junction, quantum beats occur in the oscillations of total conductance. The beat phenomenon results from the interference of two different spin-valley dependent conductances with similar frequencies. In addition, the junction can also work as a magnetoresistance device.
Measurement of neutron capture cross section on 71Ga at 2.15 and 3.19 MeV and uncertainty propagation and covariance analysis*
Authors: Pachuau Rebecca , Gandhi A. , Singh Namrata , Kumar A. , Mehta Mayur , Suryanarayana S. V. , Danu L. S. , Nayak B. K. , Lalremruata B.
Published: April 2023

The cross section values of the

Ga(

)

Ga reaction are measured, which are

mb and

mb at 2.15 and 3.19 MeV, respectively. The detailed uncertainty propagation and covariance analysis are also given. The

Li(

)

Be reaction was used to generate the neutrons, and the neutron flux was normalized using the

In(

)

In

monitor reaction. The measured cross section data are compared with the data available in the EXFOR database, the data obtained using nuclear reaction model codes EMPIRE-3.2 and TALYS-1.95, and also the evaluated nuclear data from ENDF/B-VIII.0 and JEFF-3.1/A. The comparison shows that our result at 3.19 MeV is in good agreement with those of EMPIRE-3.2 and JEFF-3.1/A. Since there are no other measurements available at 3.19 MeV, our data could not be compared with literature data at 3.19 MeV, but they are consistent with the cross section values available at

and

MeV. Our result at 2.15 MeV is slightly higher than the literature value available in EXFOR, evaluated value, and theoretically predicted result.
Effect of Marketing Mix Strategies on the Buying Behaviour of Organic Products: Comparison Between Consumers in Malaysia and China
Authors: Abdullah Siti Intan Nurdiana Wong , Teng Phuah Kit , Heng Bernard Lim Jit , Subramaniam Kumarashvari , Yuling Jiang , Shoep Abdelrahman Mohamed Abdelrahman
Published: April 2023

In recent years, organic food intake has been seen as a crucial component of sustainable transformation that have large impacts on the environment as well as on people’s health. Many customers’ consumption habits have shifted toward organic items, owing to the belief that eating organic foods is safer and free of toxins. The goal of this study is to examine the marketing mix impact of product, price, place, and promotional strategies on customer purchase of organic products among Malaysia and China consumers. A questionnaire was designed, and data was collected using purposive sampling from a total of 484 respondents, whereby 150 were Malaysians and 334 were China consumers. The structural equation modelling (SEM) technique was employed to test the hypothesized relationships using AMOS software. The result of the present study revealed that only price, product, and promotional strategies significantly influenced the respondents’ buying decisions towards organic products. Furthermore, nationalities moderated the relationship between product and promotion whereby the effect of these two marketing mix strategies were more pronounced among Malaysians compared to China consumers. The findings of this study contribute to the existing body of knowledge on consumer behaviour particularly towards organic food market and offers marketers, producers and practitioners’ insights to develop more effective marketing strategies to stimulate customers’ demand towards organic products.
The Impact of Flood Disaster Risk on the Welfare of the Coastal Communities of Semarang City
Authors: Muktiali Mohammad , Sudharto Hadi P , Purnaweni Hartuti , Mussadun Mussadun
Published: April 2023

Poor communities in coastal areas of Semarang City experience flooding as much as 1-7 times a month with a height of up to 30 cm and duration of inundation under 6 hours. In general, disaster risk is understood as the potential loss of life, injury, or destroyed or damaged assets that can occur to a system, society, or community over a period. The research approach was conducted using a mixed methods approach (quantitative and qualitative). The qualitative approach is open-ended, descriptive, and non-directional; while for quantitative it is directional, there is a theoretical perspective, and looking for relationships between variables. Damage caused by floods to poor community groups in the coastal area of Semarang City in the form of damage to residential houses and also damage loss of other properties such as electronic goods, household appliances, furniture and vehicles. In addition, another risk is the loss of income and employment due to the flood disaster. With these conditions, the poor in the coastal areas of Semarang City are shackled in a cycle of poverty. For this reason, it is necessary to carry out adaptation and disaster mitigation more intensively to minimize the economic impact and overcome poverty caused by flooding in poor communities in the coastal areas of Semarang City.
Food Insecurity of Poor Households in Hilly Areas of Gunungkidul Indonesia
Authors: Susanawati  , Rizqi Muhammad Barik , Yulianti Utami Agus
Published: April 2023

Gunungkidul is one of the areas in Indonesia vulnerable to climate change because most of its population depends on the agricultural sector. Some of the agricultural land in this region is dryland with low food crop productivity. This condition can cause household food insecurity problems. Thus, it is necessary to conduct research that aims to describe the food insecurity of poor households in said area. It is equally important to analyze the factors influencing food insecurity of these households. The sample in this study was 75 heads of poor households, and the data was taken in multistages. Descriptive analysis was utilized to describe the profile and food insecurity of the sample. Factors affecting food insecurity were analyzed using multiple linear regression models. The study discovered that their houses had bamboo walls, earth floors, and tile roofs. They mostly received Non-Cash Food Assistance from the government, and only a few received Family Hope Program. All of them had Health Social Security Administering Agency as the health insurance, but not all used the health center as the health facility. They had meals three times per day and consumed meat once a week. The food menu they consumed consisted of rice, vegetables, and side dishes, which were still far from nutritional quality standards. There is no difference in food insecurity of poor households in the hilly areas. Factors influencing food insecurity are income and the number of family members.
Rice paddy field on Gentungan, Karanganyar: Soil C Humic Acid, Fulvic Acid, and Stock as Affected by Period of Organic Practices
Authors: Syamsiyah Jauhari , Ariyanto Dwi Priyo , Herawati Aktavia , Herdiansyah Ganjar , Dwisetio Pertiwi Kurnia
Published: April 2023

Carbon sequestration (CS) is an essential strategy for mitigating climate change caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs in the atmosphere). Agriculture provides greenhouse gas effects, one of which is in wetland agriculture (rice fields). The research aims to evaluate organic, semi-organic, and conventional farming systems in rice fields on the levels of humic acid, fulvic acid, and carbon stock. The research method is descriptive, explorative, survey, and laboratory analysis. The research was conducted in Gentungan, Karanganyar Regency, Indonesia. Organic farming (4,7, and 10 years), semi-organic and conventional. The results showed no significant difference in the levels of humic acid, fulvic acid, and carbon stock between organic, semi-organic, and conventional farming systems. Organic farming systems increase the humic acid, fulvic acid, and carbon stock in paddy fields compared to semi-organic and conventional.
Agronomic effectiveness, dry-matter, grain yield, nutrient uptake, and fertilizer use-efficiency of liquid organic fertilizer combined with NPK to sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt)
Authors: Setyorini Diah , Hartatik Wiwik , Made Subiksa I , Aksani Dila
Published: April 2023

The decline in agricultural land productivity due to climate change and excessive use of inorganic fertilizers requires us to implement an environmentally friendly cultivation system, by reducing the application rate of inorganic fertilizers and combining them with organic fertilizers. Liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) is one type of fertilizer that is expected to increase plant growth and yield and reduce the dose of inorganic fertilizers. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of LOF on growth, the yield of sweet corn, nutrient uptake, and the fertilizer use-efficiency of inorganic fertilizers. This Research has conducted at Inceptisol Galuga Bogor, with a randomized block design as an experimental design. The treatments consisted of a control, five doses of LOF and 2 doses of NPK fertilizer. The results showed LOF fertilizer at a dose of 0.75 - 3.0 l ha−1 combined with 100% NPK and 75% NPK increased the yield of fresh cobs by 15% - 19% compared to NPK without LOF. The weight of fresh cobs fertilized with LOF with 100% NPK was (14.63 - 16.68 t ha−1) with RAE= 130 - 205%, which is higher than without LOF (13.73 t ha−1). The combination of LOF with 75% NPK gave the weight of fresh cobs (11.88-15.12 t ha−1) with RAE = 115-507 %, which is higher than without LOF (11.75 t ha−1). LOF can contribute to NPK fertilizer efficiency by 25% of the dose. Nutrient use-efficiency for N is well-managed but lower for P and K.
Effect of seed priming on growth and physiological responses of chili pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) under salinity stress
Authors: Rachmawati D. , Aisy S. P. , Novanursandy N.B.
Published: April 2023

Increasing soil salinity in some agricultural areas due to global climate change is an obstacle in horticultural crop cultivation. Chili pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) is an important horticultural crop that has high economic values but the extensive cultivation in saline land can reduce yields. Plant tolerance must be increased to be able to adapt in salinity stress conditions. One method that can be used is seed priming, which is pre-soaking the seeds to increase germination under unfavourable conditions. This study aimed to determine the effect of seed osmopriming using PEG 6000 on growth and physiological responses of chili pepper under salinity stress. The experimental design of this study included two factors: concentration of PEG 6000 (0, 12.5 and 25%) and salinity stress of 0, 2000, and 4000 ppm of NaCl. The observed parameters were 1) germination (percentage and rate of germination, germination synchronization); 2) growth (plant height; root length; dry weight of roots and shoot, number of fruits, fruit weight and capsaicin level); 3) physiological analysis (chlorophyll and proline levels). Seed osmopriming with 25% of PEG 6000 increased germination and plant growth of chili pepper under salinity stress conditions. Chlorophyll level increased while proline and capsaicin level decreased on osmopriming with 25% of PEG 6000. By studying the growth and physiological responses of chili pepper under salinity stress, the role of osmopriming in reducing the harmful effects of salinity stress can be determined.
The Combined application of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers to Improve Fertility of Degraded Soil and Sustainable Yield in Intensive Irrigated Rice Systems
Authors: Susanti Zuziana , Hikmah Zaqiah Mambaul , Sastro Yudi , Sasmita Priatna , Sembiring Hasil
Published: April 2023

Minimizing the problem of nitrous oxide emissions from paddy field that contributes to climate change is the key to increase fertilizer efficiency. Application of Nitrogen-Phosphorus-Potassium efficiently in combination with organic fertilizer is crucial to improve fertility of degraded soil without sacrificing the yield. A trial in 2022 dry season, as part of on-farm long term fertility experiment applied combination of chemical fertilizer and organic to explore changes in soil fertility, soil organic content and yield under double rice cropping system. The experiment was designed in Split Plot with 4 replications, has been conducting at the Sukamandi experimental station, ICRR. The main plot was 5 chemical fertilizers which were without fertilizer input as control, + PK, + NP, NK + and + NPK. The subplot was organic fertilizer: a dose of 2 ton manure ha−1, straw compost with dose 5 ton ha−1and without organic content as control. The results of cropping season 2022 showed that (1) combined application of organic and chemical fertilizer at plot +NK significantly improved the soil organic content and yield of rice, (2) Fertilization significantly affected the growth, yield of rice and the soil nutrient status, (3) Adequate supply of macronutrients N-P-K treatment resulted in higher grain yield and more efficient fertilizer use.
Evaluation of the production of crude tannin extract from coffee husk as a feed additive for ruminant rations using the maceration method
Authors: Wulandari S , Nurfitriani R A , Kusuma S B
Published: April 2023

Feed contributes 60-80% in livestock business. The main problem in ruminant farming in tropical areas such as Indonesia is the lack of availability of forage in the dry season, while in the rainy season its availability is abundant. For this reason, there is a need for preservation efforts using the silage method. However, the use of this silage method can reduce the nutritional content of fresh grass, especially protein. One of the additive properties of tannins is that they can bind to proteins. The preliminary study indicated that the addition of 9 g of tannin additives per kg of grass was able to maintain the protein nutrient content from microbial degradation during the ensilage. The Soxhlet extraction with ethanol as a solvent was used in the preliminary study. The obstacle faced is if we are going to produce on a large scale/business scale as in ruminant businesses in general, such as sheep and cattle. For this reason, an alternative method is needed to produce feed additives for crude tannin extract without using laboratory equipment (Soxhlet equipment) so that it can be applied easily in the field, namely by maceration. The aim of this study was to examine the production of crude tannin extract from coffee husks using the maceration method. The method of maceration used was 40 g of coffee husk powder which was extracted with a polar compound according to treatment (70% acetone, 70% ethanol) as much as 200 ml (room temperature), by shaking using a shaker. Extraction time according to treatment (8 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours). Crude tannin extract was obtained by drying the solid extract in an oven (60°C). The data were analysed for variance in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a factorial of 2X3. Factor I is the type of solvent (70% acetone and 70% ethanol). Factor II is the duration of maceration (8 hours, 16 hours and 24 hours). Each treatment was repeated 2 times. Significantly different results were continued using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results showed that there was no interaction between the effect of the type of organic solvent and maceration duration but each factor, namely the type of organic solvent or maceration durations, had an effect on the tannin content produced and the amount of remaining unextracted coffee husk. Maceration durations for 24 hours using 70% ethanol as a solvent gave the best results for producing crude tannins from coffee husk extract.
Climate Change Learning at Junior and Senior High Schools on the Outer Islands of Indonesia: The Case on Sebatik Island
Authors: Satyawan Ignatius Agung , Baskara Sri Herwindya
Published: April 2023

Apart from the COVID-19 pandemic, the world is currently under threat due to climate change. Based on the report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), since 1850 there has been an increase in temperature and sea level so that small islands, especially those that are located at the outermost boundaries of Indonesia, will sink. If this happens, Indonesia’s territorial boundaries must be redefined since the outermost islands are marker of its boundaries. The awareness of the people living in the outer islands on environment and climate change is very much needed to cope with the impacts of climate change. Learning on climate change in schools is an important issue. This study analyses the learning process on climate change at junior and senior high school in Sebatik Island, an outer island in North Kalimantan Province which borders with Malaysia. This study was conducted through a qualitative descriptive approach while the data were obtained through interviews and document research. This study found that material on climate change is taught in Social Science subjects in grade VII (junior high school) and grade X (senior high school).
Non-contact inspection method for surface roughness on small samples
Authors: Yu Xiaofeng , Yan Yongqi , Zhao Jiang , Sheng Wei , Li Zhengminqing
Published: April 2023

This study aims to improve the non-contact measurement accuracy of roughness of small samples. Therefore, machine vision and virtual sample generation technology are used to detect the roughness of small sample bearing steel (GCr15) in this study. The surface roughness of different specimens is tested with a contact roughness detector. Image acquisition is carried out on the specimen, histogram equalization image enhancement preprocessing is carried out on the image, and sample capacity expansion is carried out on the basis of data enhancement. On this basis, the gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) is used to extract the image texture features, and a linear regression model of roughness and Energy, Entropy, Homogeneity, Contrast and Correlation is established. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) is used to classify and predict their surface roughness, train the original samples and virtual samples respectively, and compare their prediction accuracy. The results show that the precision of the virtual samples based on resampling and singular value decomposition(SVD) are 10.13% and 21.21% higher than that of the original samples, respectively, and the average error between the predicted value and the measured value of visual roughness is 3.4%. Therefore, the machine vision and virtual sample generation technology are combined to achieve acceptable surface roughness detection of small samples, which provides a theoretical basis for online detection in gear processing.
The nonlinear superposition operators between some analytic function spaces
Authors: Sun Fangmei , Wulan Hasi
Published: April 2023

In this paper we characterize the nonlinear superposition operators mapping the space

Q

s

\mathcal {Q}_s

into the Dirichlet-type space

D

α
p

\mathcal {D}^p_\alpha

and answer basically the remaining open cases provided by Galanopoulos, Girela, and Auxiliadora Márquez [J. Math. Anal. Appl. 463 (2018), pp. 659–680]. Meanwhile, we give some sufficient-necessary conditions for the superposition operators between

Q

s

\mathcal {Q}_s

spaces in all cases.
Cranks for partitions with bounded largest part
Authors: Eichhorn Dennis , Kronholm Brandt , Larsen Acadia
Published: April 2023

For 80 years, Dyson’s rank has been known as the partition statistic that witnesses the first two of Ramanujan’s celebrated congruences for the ordinary partition function. In this paper, we show that Dyson’s rank actually witnesses families of partition congruences modulo every prime

ℓ
\ell

. This comes from an in-depth study of when a “multiplicity-based statistic” is a crank witnessing congruences for the function

p

(

n
,
m

)

p\big (n,m\big )

, which enumerates partitions of

n
n

with parts of size at most

m
m

. We also show that as the modulus

ℓ
\ell

increases, there is an ever-growing collection of distinct multiplicity-based cranks witnessing these same families.
Indexing cardiac volumes for peak oxygen uptake to improve differentiation of physiological and pathological remodeling: from elite athletes to heart failure patients
Authors: Letnes Jon Magne , Nes Bjarne Martens , Langlo Knut Asbjørn Rise , Aksetøy Inger-Lise Aamot , Lundgren Kari Margrethe , Skovereng Knut , Sandbakk Øyvind , Wisløff Ulrik , Dalen Håvard
Published: April 2023

Aims

Cardiovascular structures adapt to meet metabolic demands, but current methodology for indexing by body size does not accurately reflect such variations. Therefore, we aimed to investigate how left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) and left atrial maximal volume (LAVmax) are associated with absolute (L/min) peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and fat-free mass (FFM) compared to body surface area (BSA). We subsequently assessed the impact of indexing by absolute VO2peak, FFM, and BSA to discriminate pathological from physiological remodeling.

Methods and results

We used data from 1190 healthy adults to explore relationships for BSA, FFM, and absolute VO2peak with LVEDV and LAVmax by regression and correlation analyses. We then compared these indexing methods for classification to normalcy/pathology in 61 heart failure patients and 71 endurance athletes using the chi-squared and Fisher exact tests and the net reclassification and integrated discrimination indices. Absolute VO2peak correlated strongly with LVEDV, explaining 52% of variance vs. 32% for BSA and 44% for FFM. Indexing LVEDV for VO2peak improved discrimination between heart failure patients and athletes on top of indexing to BSA. Seventeen out of 18 athletes classified to pathology by BSA were reclassified to normalcy by VO2peak indexing (P < 0.001), while heart failure patients were reclassified to pathology (39–95%, P < 0.001). All indexing methods explained below 20% of the variance in LAVmax in univariate models.

Conclusions

Indexing LVEDV to VO2peak improves the ability to differentiate physiological and pathological enlargement. The LVEDV to absolute VO2peak ratio may be a key index in diagnosing heart failure and evaluating the athlete’s heart.