bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
No association between genetically predicted vitamin D levels and Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Wang Zihao , Xia Huan , Ding Yunfa , Lu Ranran , Yang Xinling
Published: November 2024

Background

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder, primarily characterized by motor impairments. Vitamin D has several regulatory functions in nerve cell survival and gene expression via its receptors. Although research has shown that vitamin D deficiency is prevalent among PD patients, the causal link to PD risk remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the causal relationship between vitamin D and PD using a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis method.

Methods

This study applied a bidirectional two-sample MR analysis to explore the causal link between vitamin D and PD. We selected statistically significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) as instrumental variables (IVs), ensuring no association with known confounders. The analysis used GWAS data from over 1.2 million Europeans across four major published datasets, elucidating the genetic correlation between vitamin D levels and PD.

Results

We identified 148 instrumental SNPs associated with 25(OH)D. After adjustment for confounding-related SNPs, 131 SNPs remained in the analysis. Data from three PD cohorts revealed no significant correlation between 25(OH)D levels and PD risk using the IVW method (Pcohort1 = 0.365, Pcohort2 = 0.525, Pcohort3 = 0.117). The reverse MR analysis indicated insufficient evidence of PD causing decreased vitamin D levels (P = 0.776).

Conclusion

This is the first study to use bidirectional MR across three PD cohorts to investigate the causal relationship between vitamin D and PD. The results indicate that vitamin D levels are not significantly causally related to PD risk at the genetic level. Therefore, future studies should exercise caution when investigating the relationship between vitamin D levels and PD risk. While no direct causal link exists between vitamin D levels and PD, this does not preclude the potential of vitamin D levels as a biomarker for PD diagnosis. Furthermore, larger-scale longitudinal studies are necessary to evaluate the diagnostic and predictive value of vitamin D levels in PD.
Exploring the value in variations of the Relative Income Price (RIP) for calculating cigarette affordability: An illustration using Malaysia
Authors: Kunji Koya Ridzuan , Branston J. Robert , Gallagher Allen W. A.
Published: November 2024

The relationships between cigarette affordability, consumer income levels and distribution, and tax increases are complex and underexplored. This study investigates different ways of calculating the Relative Income Price (RIP) measure of affordability using Malaysia as a case study. We calculate cigarette affordability in Malaysia between 2009–2019 using government data, and multiple RIP variants. The conventional RIP calculation relies on 2,000 sticks and GDP (henceforth standard RIP). We explore that and other variants that use annual cigarette consumption estimates and/or proportions of various financial measures of wealth in both rural and urban areas. Our findings indicate broadly consistent trends in cigarette affordability across all methods. From 2009 to 2012, there was a slight decrease in the percentage of wealth required to purchase cigarettes, followed by an increase in 2015 and 2016, and then another decline, suggesting a recent trend toward increased affordability. Using the standard RIP method, 0.9 percentage points(pp) more of per capita GDP was required between 2009 and 2016, but, by 2019 it was 0.1pp less than in 2016. However, Household Income Per Capita (HIPC) and Household Expenditure Per Capita (HEPC) provide a more nuanced perspective on cigarette affordability compared to GDP per capita, as they reveal larger shifts in affordability. The conventional 2,000 sticks method using HIPC from 2009 to 2016 indicated 0.3pp more of income was required to purchase cigarettes, but by 2019, it was 1.0pp less than in 2016. Using HIPC with actual consumption estimates, smokers required approximately 0.9pp more of average income to purchase cigarettes between 2014 and 2016, but 2.5pp less from 2016 to 2019. Actual consumption estimates offer insight into smokers’ ability to offset higher purchase costs by adjusting consumption patterns without quitting. We conclude that to address issues related to cigarette affordability, the Malaysian government should consider increasing tobacco tax vis-à-vis income growth.
Reflexiones para el análisis del discurso populista
Authors: Charaudeau Patrick , Gentile Ana María
Published: November 2024

En el campo de los estudios políticos, la noción de populismo parece evidente. Es utilizada generalmente cuando se trata de definir ya sea regímenes políticos encabezados por líderes fuertes que pretenden representar al pueblo y aparecen con nombre y apellido (el caso de Juan Domingo Perón en Argentina, Hugo Chávez en Venezuela y otros líderes de diferentes países africanos), o discursos de políticos, particularmente de extrema derecha, que surgen durante las campañas electorales, como es el caso en diversos países europeos (Francia, Austria, Holanda), y más recientemente en algunos países de Europa central. Sin embargo, esta noción merece ser analizada desde el punto de vista del discurso, ya que, al rastrearla históricamente, constatamos su gran variedad de empleos sin saber en definitiva si se trata de un régimen político o de una estrategia de poder. En este artículo se considera el populismo como un discurso. Para ello, hemos creído necesario describir en primer lugar las características de la palabra política en el espacio público, con el objeto de evitar atribuir al discurso populista lo que es propio de las presiones y estrategias del discurso político en general. A partir de esta primera observación, se describe el mecanismo del discurso populista para luego analizar sus especificidades en diversos contextos sociales, según esas mismas categorías. Este artículo propone así un estudio programático como un llamado a proseguir este trabajo caso por caso, única posibilidad de establecer comparaciones y observar similitudes y diferencias entre diferentes discursos. Este trabajo concluye con una última reflexión que muestra la relación paradójica existente entre populismo y democracia.
Manifestaciones de descortesía y violencia verbal en los foros de opinión digitales de los diarios españoles
Authors: Mancera Rueda Ana
Published: November 2024

Ha ido popularizándose de manera paulatina entre los diarios españoles que difunden también sus contenidos en Internet la práctica redaccional de permitir que los lectores puedan manifestar en la propia página web del medio los comentarios que les sugieren determinadas noticias. Como se tratará de demostrar a lo largo del presente estudio, la posibilidad de que este acto enunciativo se lleve a cabo en el anonimato permite una comunicación desinhibida, y favorece el empleo de ciertas estrategias de descortesía con las que se pretende destruir la imagen social del referente central de la noticia –generalmente, un personaje público–, la del propio medio de comunicación, o incluso la de otros visitantes que intervienen también en estos foros de opinión.
La representación de la mujer inmigrante en la prensa escrita española. Análisis del discurso citado en textos periodísticos
Authors: Castagnani Tiziana , Colorado César
Published: November 2024

En las últimas décadas, España se ha convertido en un país receptor de inmigrantes provenientes en su mayor parte de África y de América Latina. La aceptación o rechazo por parte de la opinión pública de estos inmigrantes está condicionada, en gran medida, por el modo en que estos sujetos son representados en la prensa. Mucho se ha investigado y escrito sobre la inmigración en general pero poco son los estudios sobre las mujeres inmigrantes. El presente artículo indaga cómo tres importantes periódicos españoles construyen discursivamente la imagen de la mujer inmigrante a partir de las citas. Los textos que conforman el discurso periodístico producen una situación enunciativa heterogénea y compleja. Son textos polifónicos en los que no es siempre fácil deslindar la voz del periodista de las otras voces que a menudo participan en los textos. La cita es la forma más explícita de inclusión de la palabra de unos en el discurso de otros. Citar implica manipular la palabra del otro con un cierto objetivo. Habitualmente se sostiene que el periodismo cita para dar cuenta de su “objetividad”. Es claro que el periodista no sólo transmite información a través de las voces que cita sino que también orienta el texto en esa acción. Además, hay que tener en cuenta que el discurso periodístico retoma ciertas voces en desmedro de otras. En este trabajo se analizarán un número de textos periodísticos para determinar que voces son elegidas para ser representadas y cómo se presenta el escenario de enunciación.
Szerzetesi egyházak Zala vármegyében az Árpád- és Anjou-korban
Authors: Galambosi Péter
Published: November 2024

Jelen tanulmány a Zala vármegye területén működő szerzetesi egyházak Árpád- és Anjou-kori történetét tekinti át. A téma nem újkeletű a magyar középkorkutatásban, átfogó katalógusok, s a jelentősebb egyházak történetét feldolgozó monográfiák egyaránt napvilágot láttak már, noha ezek egynémelyike, főként a dualizmus és a 20. század első felében készült munkák ma már egyértelműen elavultnak számítanak. Közös jellemzője ezen régi és újabb feldolgozásoknak, hogy az egyházi intézmények időrendi történetét mutatják be, ezzel szemben az alábbi áttekintés mindenekelőtt az egyes egyházak társadalmi hátterére összpontosít. Ennek oka, hogy a középkori Európában a szerzetesi egyházak szoros kölcsönhatásban álltak a vidék társadalmával, s ilyetén módon megkerülhetetlen tényezői nem csupán az egyháztörténeti, de egyúttal a helytörténeti és a regionális társadalomtörténeti kutatásoknak is. Ezt a szempontot figyelembe véve igyekszem vizsgálni a szerzetesség helyzetét a régióban, felvillantva, hogy a 11–14. század közismert tendenciái miként figyelhetők meg a zalai intézmények esetében, illetve, hogy némely rendház története milyen egyedi vonásokkal bírt, adott esetben hozzászólva az egyes egyházak történetéhez kapcsolódó vitás kérdésekhez.
A magyar ágostonrendi provincia felbomlása
Authors: Dózsa Gábor Zoltán
Published: November 2024

The study reviews the last period of the history of the Hungarian province of the Augustinian friars in the three decades between 1526–1556, during which the province disappeared. So far, the historical research has focused on the medieval history of the province, while nowadays the early-modern church history and the history of monastic institutions have been renewed. With the help of comparative regional and international scientific studies, we can get a more nuanced picture of the functioning of the church institutions of that era. The life of the Hungarian Augustinians and their relatively quick disappearance can be more precisely reconstructed with the help of the minutes of the registries of prior generals and some additional sources.
A genocídiumok társadalmi emlékezete és a „feledés fátyla”
Authors: Illyés Szabolcs József
Published: November 2024

The veil, as a metaphysical phenomenon that makes direct comprehension of pure human consciousness impossible, is a common metaphor associated with Locke’s philosophy and his famous essay. Complete and pure understanding is obviously not possible - especially in the case of the most serious crimes committed by humanity, such as the crime of genocide and all its consequences and circumstances, within the framework of genocidal processes. Neither in specific cases nor in general. However, the veil has a peculiar characteristic: the wind can lift it. Future researchers must find a way to lift the „veil of oblivion” - and to record the truth that becomes apparent there. Until then, however, the human horror that leaves social wounds open forever: the genocides, the evaluative, interpretive, and preventive methods of further horrors must take this inhibiting factor into account.
Comparative Analysis of Nitinol, Cobalt-Chromium, and Stainless Steel in Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) Filters
Authors: Stibbs Peter , Sheppard Steven , Worthington Grant , O'Shea Leann
Published: November 2024

IVC filters prevent pulmonary embolism by capturing thrombi in the vena cava. The material composition of these filters, namely nitinol, cobalt-chromium, and stainless steel, may affecttheir mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and overall clinical outcomes.
Periampullary Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Presenting as Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Abramowitz Binyamin R. , Ridout Nicholas , Attia Hagar , Li Zhonghua , Hammill Patrick J. , Grossman Evan B.
Published: November 2024

Periampullary malignancies are uncommon and encompass a wide variety of tumors. Early and accurate biopsy-proven diagnosis is important because different malignancy subtypes warrant different management and treatment plans. We present a unique and rare case of periampullary lymphoma, initially presenting as acute pancreatitis.
أثر العلامة التجارية لصاحب العمل في الحد من المماطلة في العمل عن طريق الروحانية في مكان العمل
Authors: Fatah Ava O.
Published: November 2024

يهدف البحث الحالـي الى اختبـار أثر العلامة التجارية لصاحب العمل في الحد من المماطلة في العمل عن طريق الروحانية في مكان العمل، ومن اجـل تحقيـق أهداف البحـث تم تصمـيم مخطـط فرضـي يوضـح طبيعـة العلاقـة بين متغيـرات البحـث الحالـي. ولغرض اختبـار فرضيات البحث تم تطبيـقه على عيـنة من الموظفين في شركة آسياسيل للاتصالات في محافظة السليمانية. للحصـول على المعلومـات المطلـوبة عن طريق (الاستبانة) التي أعـدت لهـذا الغـرض، إذ كان مجتمع البحث مكوناً من ( 500 ) فرد، قامت الباحثة بتوزيع استمارة الاستبيان على العاملين الكترونيا، وتم استرجاع (174) استمارة صالحة للتحليل لتمثّل عينة البحث. وقـد استعمل البحـث الحالـي أدوات احصائية عدة للوصـول الى النتائـج المتعلـقة بهـا بالاعتمـاد علـى البرامـج الإحصائيـة (SPSS. V.24) و (Amos. V. 24). وقد توصـل البحـث إلى مجموعـة من الاستنتاجات أهمهـا: وجود علاقـة ارتبـاط وتأثـير ذات دلالـة إحصائية إيجابيـة بين متغيـر العلامة التجارية لصاحب العمل للحد من المماطلة في العمل عن طريق الروحانية في مكان العمل، وبنـاءً علـى تلك الاستنتاجات قـدمت الباحـثة مجموعـة من التوصيـات أبرزهـا: على شركة آسياسيل المبحوثة بشكل خاص والشركات الأخرى بشكل عام تعزيز قياس مدى قدرتها على استثمار مهارات موظفيهم لتطوير منتجات وخدمات مبتكرة، وتوفير بيئة عمل مليئة بالتحديات، وممارسات جديدة في مكان العمل.
Analisis Kualitas Air dan Upaya Pengendalian Pencemaran Sungai Bogowonto, Kabupaten Purworejo, Jawa Tengah
Authors: Atami Sekar Putri , Afiati Norma , Haeruddin Haeruddin
Published: November 2024

Sungai Bogowonto merupakan bagian dari Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Bogowonto melewati 3 Kabupaten di Jawa Tengah yaitu Kabupaten Wonosobo, Kabupaten Magelang dan Kabupaten Purworejo. Pencemaran adalah masuk atau dimasukkannya makhluk hidup, zat, energi atau komponen lain ke dalam lingkungan hidup oleh kegiatan manusia sehingga melampaui baku mutu lingkungan hidup yang telah ditetapkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Status Pencemaran dengan variabel TSS, pH, DO, BOD, COD, Nitrat, T-fosfat dan Faecal coliform menggunakan metode Indeks Pencemaran (IP) serta mengetahui strategi pengendalian pencemaran Sungai Bogowonto dengan analisis SWOT. Lokasi penelitian terdiri dari 3 stasiun dengan 2 kali pengulangan pada bulan September dan Oktober 2023. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Sungai Bogowonto memiliki status pencemaran yaitu cemar ringan dengan nilai IP tertinggi 4,90. Strategi yang mampu dilakukan untuk mengendalikan pencemaran Sungai Bogowonto adalah memaksimalkan upaya peningkatan kualitas air dengan memanfaatkan vegetasi dan biota yang ada di kawasan Sungai Bogowonto, peningkatan peran pemerintah dalam upaya Pengendalian Pencemaran Sungai Bogowonto, contohnya melakukan sosialisasi tentang pencemaran lingkungan terutama pencemaran air sungai, meningkatan peran masyarakat dalam upaya Pengendalian Sungai Bogowonto contohnya melalui komunitas masyarakat yang mengelola Sungai Bogowonto.
Analisis Kesehatan, Kandungan Klorofil-A, Biomassa dan Karbon Mangrove di Desa Tambakbulusan, Demak
Authors: Wijayanti Amelia , Hartoko Agus , Febrianto Sigit
Published: November 2024

Pemanasan global saat ini menjadi isu lingkungan utama dan keberadaan ekosistem mangrove ternyata mempunyai peranan yang cukup penting dalam mitigasi pemanasan global. Upaya mitigasi dapat dilakukan dengan meningkatkan peran mangrove sebagai penyerap karbon. Ekosistem mangrove yang terdapat di wilayah pesisir, mempunyai kemampuan yang sangat efektif dalam mengurangi konsentrasi gas karbondioksida (CO2) di alam. Tujuan penelitian ini dilakukan atas dasar untuk menganalisis tingkat kesehatan hutan mangrove berdasarkan nilai NDVI dan untuk mengetahui kandungan klorofil-a, biomassa dan karbon mangrove di Desa Tambakbulusan, Demak. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode deskriptif eksploratif. Metode untuk menentukan tingkat kesehatan mangrove berdasarkan analisis NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) menggunakan data citra satelit Sentinel 2A. Pengukuran kadar klorofil-a daun menggunakan metode spektrofotometri UV-Vis, pengukuran biomassa dan karbon mangrove dihitung dengan persamaan allometrik dari masing-masing spesies mangrove yang ditemui. Hasil penelitian pada tiap Stasiun penelitian ditemukan 2 spesies mangrove yaitu Avicennia marina dan Rhizophora mucronata. Nilai indeks NDVI mangrove dibagi menjadi 3 kategori, kategori rendah berkisar antara 0,369 – 0,541 dengan luas 24,675 ha atau 20,14% dari total luas mangrove Desa Tambakbulusan, kategori sedang berkisar antara 0,541 – 0,695 dengan luas 34,130 ha atau 27,85% dari total luas mangrove Desa Tambakbulusan dan yang paling mendominasi yaitu kategori tinggi berkisar antara 0,695 – 0,896 dengan luas 63,733 ha atau 52,01% dari total luas mangrove. Estimasi nilai klorofil-a yang diperoleh berkisar pada 3,268 – 5,891 mg/L, kemudian total biomassa mangrove yang diperoleh adalah 211,638 ton/ha dengan total kandungan karbon mangrove 97,354 ton/ha.
Optimasi Konsentrasi Primer dan Suhu Annealing untuk Deteksi Gen PKS-I Pada Bakteri Asosiasi Mangrove Avicennia Marina Asal Pantai Tirang, Semarang
Authors: Rosari Arinda , Sabdaningsih Aninditia , Ayuningrum Diah , Jati Oktavianto Eko
Published: November 2024

Mangrove hidup di wilayah ekstrem yang memiliki mekanisme unik dalam beradaptasi yang mengarah pada jalur metabolisme dan berpengaruh terhadap proses produksi metabolit sekundernya. Bakteri asosiasi mangrove memiliki sifat yang mirip dengan inangnya. Pemanfaatan bakteri asosiasi dinilai lebih berkelanjutan, karena proses penelitian menjadi lebih cepat, mudah dan terjangkau. Senyawa metabolit sekunder disintesis oleh gen penyandi seperti PKS ( poliketida sintetase ). Gen penyandi menjadi kunci dalam produksi senyawa metabolit sekunder. Produk metabolit sekunder di kalangan industri sedang banyak dicari. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeteksi keberadaan gen penyandi metabolit sekunder PKS-I pada isolat bakteri. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Bioteknologi Kelautan Tropis . Metode penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil deteksi gen PKS-I ditemukan pada 7 sampel isolat menggunakan optimasi konsentrasi primer 10μM dan suhu annealing 50°C.
Perspektif Hukum Pidana Terhadap Tindak Pidana Penipuan Oleh Oknum TNI Berdasarkan Keadilan Restoratif
Authors: Ndruru Donius
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi perspektif hukum pidana terkait tindak pidana penipuan yang dilakukan oleh oknum Tentara Nasional Indonesia (TNI) serta pendekatan keadilan restoratif dalam konteks tersebut. Sistem peradilan pidana di Indonesia mengedepankan keadilan dan supremasi hukum, namun terdapat tantangan dalam penegakan hukum terhadap pelanggaran yang melibatkan aparat negara. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan hukum normatif, dengan fokus pada analisis dokumen dan sumber-sumber perpustakaan. Data dikumpulkan melalui studi literatur yang mencakup bahan hukum primer, seperti teks hukum dan peraturan perundang-undangan, serta bahan hukum sekunder dari berbagai referensi, termasuk buku, jurnal, dan penelitian terdahulu. Analisis dilakukan untuk memahami keterkaitan antara kebijakan hukum pidana, tindakan penipuan oleh oknum TNI, dan penerapan keadilan restoratif yang diatur dalam peraturan terbaru. Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat memberikan wawasan mengenai efektivitas kebijakan hukum pidana dalam menghadapi tindak pidana yang melibatkan pelanggaran oleh aparat, serta kontribusi keadilan restoratif dalam memperbaiki hubungan antara korban, pelaku, dan masyarakat.
Between Near East and Eurasian Nomads - Tables
Authors: Davtyan Ruben
Published: November 2024

The site of Lori Berd, located in northern Armenia, is home to an  extraordinary necropolis that once housed the dead of the local elite during a  period that spanned from 2200 to 400 BC. Influenced both by Urartian conquests  from the south and by invasions from the Eurasian nomadic tribes from the north,  the people of this region buried their dead with prestigious artefacts, complex  customs, and a particular reverence shown towards horses during the later stages  of the Early and Middle Iron Ages (1000–550 BC). This volume offers a detailed  account of the archaeological significance of the site, providing detailed  accounts of thirty-one tombs, the majority of which have never before been  comprehensively published, and seeking to set Lori Berd in its broader  historical and material context. Through this approach, the book offers a  comprehensive exploration of the Iron Age in the South Caucasus, unravelling the  interconnected themes of wealth, power, and cultural expressions.

Tables to: Ruben Davtyan, ‘Between Near East and Eurasian Nomads. Representation of Local Elites in the Lori Berd Necropolis during the First Half of the First Millennium BC’, ARAXES, 4 (Turnhout: Brepols, 2024)  
Allowable total error in CD34 cell analysis by flow cytometry based on state of the art using Spanish EQAS data
Authors: Fernández-Luis Sara , Comins-Boo Alejandra , Pérez-Pla Fernando , Irure-Ventura Juan , Insunza Gaminde Andrés , López-Hoyos Marcos , Blanco-Peris Lydia , Martín Alonso M. Carmen , San Segundo Arribas David
Published: November 2024

Objectives

CD34+ hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) enumeration, crucial for HSC transplantation, is performed by flow cytometry to guide clinical decisions. Variability in enumeration arises from biological factors, assay components, and technology. External quality assurance schemes (EQAS) train participants to minimize inter-laboratory variations. The goal is to estimate total error (TE) values for CD34 cell enumeration using state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods with EQA data and to define quality specifications by comparing TE using different cutoffs.

Methods

A total of 3,994 results from 40 laboratories were collected over 11 years (2011–2022) as part of the IC-2 Stem Cells Scheme of the GECLID Program that includes absolute numbers of CD34 cells. The data were analyzed in two periods: 2011–2016 and 2017–2022. The TE value achieved by at least 60 %, 70 %, 80 %, and 90  % of laboratories was calculated across the two different periods and at various levels of CD34 cell counts: above 25, 25 to 15, and under 15 cells/μL.

Results

A decrease in the SOTA-based TE for CD34 cell enumeration was observed in the most recent period in 2017–2021 compared with 2012–2016. A significant increase of P75 TE values in the low CD34 range (<15 cells/μL) levels was found (p<0.001).

Conclusions

Technical advancements contribute to the decrease TE over time. The TE of CD34 cell FC counts is measure-dependent, making it responsive to precision enhancement strategies. The TE measured by EQAS in this study may serve as a quality specification for implementing ISO 15189 standards in clinical laboratories for CD34 cell enumeration.
Evaluation of potential natural enemies of hibiscus mealybug, Nipaecoccus viridis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in Florida citrus
Authors: Middleton Eric G. , Demard Emilie P. , Diepenbrock Lauren M.
Published: November 2024

Hibiscus mealybug Nipaecoccus viridis (Newstead; Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is a newly established pest in Florida citrus. In its native range, hibiscus mealybug is controlled by a suite of natural enemies. However, the potential predator population for this pest in Florida is currently unknown. Identifying and promoting natural enemies that prey on hibiscus mealybug in the newly established region are key to achieving sustainable management of this pest. We evaluated commercially available predators and field-collected predators for the ability to consume juvenile life stages of hibiscus mealybug. Additionally, we evaluated an augmentative release of Cryptolaemus montrouzieri (Mulsant; Coleoptera: Coccinelidae) inside of a citrus under protective screen (CUPS) production system to control a hibiscus mealybug infestation. In no-choice assays, we found that the commercially available predator Cr. montrouzieri consumed all juvenile stages of hibiscus mealybug, and another, Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens; Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), was able to consume eggs but showed a clear preference for nymphs. Other commercially available predators did not consume any juvenile life stage of hibiscus mealybug. Two field-collected predators consumed both nymphs and ovisacs at high rates in no-choice tests: Euborellia annulipes Lucas (Dermapter: Anisolabididae) and Ceraeochrysa sp. (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae). Moreover, ten species of natural enemies were identified from mealybug clusters sampled from the fields among which two predators, Fragosa sp. (Diptera: Syrphidae) and Anatrachyntis badia (Hodges; Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae), and two parasitoids, Anagyrus dactylopii (Howard; Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) and Aprostocetus sp. (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) were found in high abundance. In the augmentative release, we found a reduction in pest population after the release of Cr. montrouzieri. However, without additional resources to maintain the predator, hibiscus mealybug population increased once the beetle population died. Our results indicate that Cr. montrouzieri is an effective commercially available predator of hibiscus mealybug and that several naturally occurring predators and parasitoids prey on hibiscus mealybug in Florida citrus.
Factors bridging medical graduate students’ training and future academic achievements of dermatologists in China
Authors: Shen Chen , Yin Kun , Zhang Peng , Zhang Qing-Xiang , Wang Bo , Tao Juan , Yang Jing
Published: November 2024

Objectives

Dermatology is highly competitive among medical students in China, yet, limited research has explored the factors influencing their career achievements during their studies. This study aims to examine how demographic and academic factors during training impact future career success in dermatology graduates.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of 61 dermatology graduates (2010–2020) from Wuhan Union Hospital was conducted. The correlation between demographic and academic data and career development indicators using Pearson’s chi-squared or Fisher’s exact test.

Results

The results revealed that pursuing a doctoral degree after completing master’s training, which entails a greater investment of time and effort, was closely associated with future career achievements. In contrast, the age of enrollment in graduate studies did not prove to be a determining factor. Additionally, in-depth training in research ability, demonstrated by the involvement in national research projects and the publication of high-quality science citation index (SCI) papers, exerted a positive influence on the future professional development. Besides, in terms of future promotions to administrative, teaching, and medical titles, male graduates exhibited a distinct advantage over their female counterparts.

Conclusions

These results suggest that in the medical field, the quality of education and training is more decisive for career development than other factors, such as the age of enrollment. On the other hand, the observed gender advantage in career promotions reflects potential structural inequalities within the medical profession, warranting further investigation and improvement.
Synthesis of motexafin gadolinium: A promising radiosensitizer and imaging agent for cancer therapy
Authors: Kalisha Vali Y. , Islam Imadul , Al Somaie Barrak , Al Sayyari Abdulrahman Abdullah , Gundla Rambabu , Tamboli Yasinalli
Published: November 2024

An improved, greener synthesis of motexafin gadolinium (MGd), a promising radiosensitizer and imaging agent that has the potential to treat or diagnose cancer, has been developed. Notably, this study addresses critical difficulties related to MGd synthesis and analysis of possible approaches, minimizing hazardous reagents/solvents, without column chromatography. The synthesis has been improved to enhance the overall yield and purity of MGd. The process changes outlined in this study are intended to lower production costs and time while maintaining the compound’s characteristics. This synthesis of MGd is an important step toward attaining its full potential in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
Irisin-regulated lncRNAs and their potential regulatory functions in chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Chen Yijie , Sha Wenqi , Zhang Yifan , Kou Wanyi , Yang Liu , Guo Ruixin , Li Chenyang , Zhao Junjie , Wang Zhenghui
Published: November 2024

Objective

Dysregulation of chondrogenic differentiation is associated with osteoarthritis (OA). The myokine irisin is beneficial in OA treatment; yet, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) act as important regulators of chondrocyte differentiation. This study was conducted to address the role of lncRNAs in mediating irisin-induced chondrocyte differentiation.

Methods

We investigated the irisin-regulated lncRNA profile change in human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) using published whole transcriptome sequencing data. We predicted their potential targets and competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) prediction and analyzed their molecular functions using functional enrichment analysis.

Results

More differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) were observed in irisin-treated samples. The top irisin-induced lncRNAs were associated with OA or chondrogenic differentiation, including XIST, PAX8-AS1, CASC15, LINC01618, and DLX6-AS1. The DEGs co-expressed with DElncRNAs were enriched in skeletal system development, extracellular matrix (ECM) organization, cell adhesion, and inflammation associated pathways. Several lncRNAs likely acted as ceRNAs to regulate downstream mRNAs including ROR2 and SORBS1 in in OA or chondrogenic differentiation.

Conclusions

We demonstrate the global regulation of lncRNAs by irisin during chondrogenic differentiation of human MSCs. Further study is required to characterize the key irisin-regulated lncRNAs in chondrogenic differentiation
Multi-scale finite element simulation of needle-punched quartz fiber reinforced composites
Authors: Niu Weijing , Yan Xiaopeng , Shi Haolin , Guo Zhangxin
Published: November 2024

To investigate the effects of different needling parameters on the mechanical properties of quartz needled felts and their composites, this paper proposes a multi-scale modeling approach to simulate and calculate the mechanical properties of needled quartz fiber-reinforced composites. Firstly, based on the characteristics of needle-punching technology, the morphology of needle-punched composites was analyzed at a microscopic scale, and the quartz fiber structure was divided into three typical representative regions. Then, a periodic single-cell model of needled composites was established. Meanwhile, this article also analyzes the influence of parameters such as needling density, needle type, and needling depth on the mechanical properties of needled composites.
The impact of the new coronavirus infection on the state of arterial bed in healthy individuals and patients with arterial hypertension
Authors: Pavlenko Ksenia I. , Avdeeva Irina V.
Published: November 2024

Objective: to identify indicators of arterial stiffness that change after COronaVlrus Disease-2019 (COVID-19). Material and methods. Included were 112 people examined before and after the start of the new coronavirus infection (NCI) pandemic: healthy individuals (groups "H" and "H/COVID +") and patients with arterial hypertension (AH) (groups "AH" and "AH/COVID+"). An isolated comparative study was carried out in groups of healthy people and patients with hypertension. Results. Individuals in the "H/COVID+" group had higher levels of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and more low values of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p=0.038; p=0.032; p=0.006) when compared with group "H". According to ABPM data, between the "AH" and "AH/Covid+" groups it was revealed difference at night level of reflected wave transit time (RWTT). An increase in cardio-ankle vascular index (L-/CAVI.,) in healthy persons and subjects with AH (p=0.001; p=0.004). In patients "H/COVID+" group higher values of pulse wave velocity in the aorta (PVW), elastic arteries type (R/L - PVW) and biological age (p=0.001; p=0.005; p=0.001) were registered. Conclusion. In healthy individuals who have had COVID-19, lipid profile abnormalities were noted, as well as an increase in L-/CAVI., when compared with the group of those who were not ill. In patients with AH after COVID-19, a negative change in the majority of indicators of arterial stiffness was noted.
Model Reference Adaptive Control of an Independent Steer-by-Wire System: A Simulation Using a 14-Degree-of-Freedom Vehicle Model
Authors: Hamdi M. Haziq , Ahmad Fauzi , Che Hasan Mohd Hanif , Harun Mohd Hafiz , Aparow Vimal Rau
Published: November 2024

This research delves into how Model Reference Adaptive Control (MRAC) can be applied in an independent Steer-by-Wire (SBW) system, utilising a detailed 14 Degrees of Freedom (DOF) full-vehicle model. This study is all about pushing forward vehicle dynamics and control using SBW technology. This study also has come up with some cutting-edge control algorithms that allow each wheel to be steered independently, which seriously boosts how manoeuvrable and responsive the vehicle is. Through simulations, the study shows that MRAC is a big improvement over traditional control methods where quantitative analysis shows that MRAC reduces yaw rate errors by up to 66.67% compared to Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) and 50% compared to Multi-order PID (MOPID). Additionally, in lateral acceleration and sideslip angle controls, MRAC demonstrates a similar reduction in errors, significantly outperforming PID and MOPID with errors maintained well below 10%, proving its worth in predictive control and real-time adaptability to various road conditions and driver intentions. The key finding from this study is that MRAC greatly enhances manoeuvrability and responsiveness compared to standard methods which offer flexibility according to the different driving scenarios. There are notable advancements in vehicle steering systems, which contribute to safer and more efficient driving. In essence, this work marks a significant step forward in automotive steering technology, opening the door to safer and more efficient modern vehicles.
Prevalence of Maxillary Lateral Incisor and Maxillary-Mandibular Premolar Agenesis In Children Living in The Denizli Region
Authors: Özbey İpek Hilal
Published: November 2024

Background: Tooth agenesis is a phenomenon that occurs commonly as a dental anomaly in humans. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of tooth agenesis in a population group in Turkey.
Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on -previously taken- panoramic radiographs of 6- and 7- year- old children, who had applied to xxx University Faculty of Dentistry between 2015 and 2022 for dental reasons. Maxillary lateral incisors and maxillary/mandibular premolars that were congenitally missed were noted, while other missing teeth were not evaluated.
Results: A total of 1840 panoramic radiographs were examined and the agenesis of maxillary lateral incisors and maxillary/mandibular premolars frequency was found to be 8.15%. The prevalence of missing maxillary lateral incisors was found to be 2.44%, and the prevalence of missing premolar teeth was 5.71%. The teeth most affected by agenesis were the mandibular second premolars. Females were more affected than males (8.88% females; 7.44% males).
Conclusion: Since the early diagnosis of missing teeth can provide ideal and conservative treatment and reduce treatment costs, it is important for dentists to have information about early diagnosis and treatments. In this study, it was determined that the prevalence of missing teeth was higher in women than in men. Further genetic studies may elucidate why females are more affected by hypodontia than males. More comprehensive studies should be conducted in the future including the other permanent teeth and more individuals.
Keywords: Hypodontia, prevalence, tooth agenesis.
The Influence of Adhesive Systems on Microshear Bond Strength in Bur or Laser-Prepared Enamel
Authors: Meral Ece , Polan Meltem Nermin , Oz Alperen , Ergin Esra
Published: November 2024

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the microshear bond strength(μSBS) of various adhesive systems on enamel surfaces prepared using either an Er, Cr:YSGG laser or a conventional diamond bur.
Methods: Twenty-eight caries-free human molars were longitudinally sectioned, resulting in 56 samples. Buccal or lingual surfaces were embedded in acrylic blocks. Enamel surfaces were prepared using either an Er, Cr: YSGG laser (Biolase Technologies, USA) or a traditional diamond bur (Diatech, Switzerland), referencing the midline of each tooth. Laser treatment was applied to the left side, while the right half underwent bur treatment. The samples were randomly separated into four groups(n=14): [G1] Optibond FL (Kerr, USA), a three-step etch-and-rinse adhesive; [G2] Clearfil SE Bond(Kuraray,Japan), a two-step self-etch adhesive; [G3]Prime&Bond Universal(Dentsply,USA),universal-adhesive/etch-and-rinse-mode; and [G4]Prime&Bond Universal(Dentsply,USA),universal-adhesive/self-etch-mode. Composite cylinders with a diameter of 0.8 mm (Harmonize, Kerr, USA) were affixed to the center of both the laser-prepared and bur-prepared regions of all specimens. The adhesive interface of one randomly chosen representative from each group was analyzed using a Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM). The remaining samples were subjected to μSBS testing. Data were analyzed statistically using Two-Way ANOVA(p0.05). Regardless of the preparation modalities, the adhesive systems did not exhibit any statistically significant differences(p>0.05). Furthermore, the correlation between various adhesive systems and preparation techniques did not result in statistically significant variations in μSBS values(p>0.05).
Conclusion: The measured μSBS values of the adhesive systems examined on enamel surfaces prepared using either an Er, Cr:YSGG laser or a diamond bur showed similarity.
Keywords: Laser preparation, Microshear bond strength, Scanning electron microscopy, Universal adhesive.
Diş Hekimlerinin Temporomandibular Bozukluklara Yaklaşımı ve Fizyoterapi Hakkındaki Farkındalıkları: Adana İli Örneği
Authors: Aydın Nazlı , Işık Emir İbrahim
Published: November 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Adana’daki diş hekimlerinin Temporomandibular bozukluklara (TMB) olan yaklaşımını ve TMB’nin konservatif tedavisinde önemli bir yaklaşım olan fizyoterapi hakkındaki farkındalıklarını kesitsel olarak değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırmanın evrenini 2024 yılı içerisinde Adana ilinde görev yapmakta olan 1072 diş hekimi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada çevrimiçi anket formu veri toplama aracı olarak kullanılmıştır. Anketin içeriğinde demografik ve iş deneyimi, hasta popülasyonu ve yönlendirmeleri ile ilgili sorular, fizyoterapinin rolü ile ilgili bilgilendirici bir poster ve sonrasında bununla ilgili sorular yer almaktadır. Veriler, istatistiksel olarak Ki-kare, Kolmogorov-Smirnov ve Mann Whitney U testleri kullanılarak p
Josefa Toledo de Aguerri y su ideario educativo
Authors: Zosa-Cano Alexander
Published: November 2024

In this essay, the author traces the long life of Josefa Toledo de Aguirre (1866-1962), a great Nicaraguan intellectual and educator woman, who made very important contributions for education and for women.
Algunas consideraciones sobre el “Lenguaje Poético” la “Lírica” como género literario
Authors: Aguirre Gómez Carlos Enrique
Published: November 2024

Based on well-known theorists of literature, the author of this essay makes a review of the following concepts: literature, literary text, poetic sign, and linguistic structure in order to understand what poetry is as a literary expression.
An overview on extenders used in ram sperm cryopreservation
Authors: Sevilla Francisco , Muça Gerald , Turmalaj Luigj , Silvestre Miguel A. , Araya Ignacio , Valverde Anthony
Published: November 2024

Introduction. One of the most critical methods for improving domestic animal reproduction is sperm cryopreservation. To achieve the best results, this complex process requires the meticulous balance of numerous variables. Sperm cryopreservation is an essential technique in programs that improve breeding and conservation for many species, especially small ruminants. In this case, genetic material from a limited number of exceptional sires can be used to breed a huge number of female sheep. Objective. To analyze the current advances in extenders used in ram sperm cryopreservation. Development. In rams, spermatozoa have a lower intramembrane cholesterol-to-phospholipid ratio than other species, making them more susceptible to cryopreservation damage than other livestock species. Adequate freezing and thawing would prevent metabolic and structural damage to ram sperm cells, something that has not been possible until the present time. The success of the sperm freezing process depends on several factors such as freezing/thawing rate, equilibration time, spermatozoa, or the composition of medium surrounding spermatozoa among others. In this sense, sperm extender is one of the most critical factors in the cryopreservation process. Conclusion. The vulnerabilities of ram sperm to cryogenic stress poses challenges to maintaining viability after thawing and achieving consistently high fertility rates. Further research to refine supplementation strategies, optimize freezing protocols, and explore novel cryoprotectants is essential to overcome these challenges and enhance the efficacy of ram semen cryopreservation to improve reproductive outcomes in ovine breeding programs.
25 años de operación del Programa de Rondas Interlaboratorios de Análisis de Alimentos (PRIDAA): Aportes a la evaluación del desempeño de laboratorios de análisis químico de alimentos de Latinoamérica
Authors: Lois-Martínez Mónica , López-Calvo Rebeca , Morales-Herrera Ileana
Published: November 2024

El Programa de Rondas Interlaboratorios de Análisis de Alimentos (PRIDAA) fue diseñado y desarrollado entre los años 1998 y 2023 por el Centro Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos - CITA, de la Universidad de Costa Rica, para ofrecer un programa accesible de ensayos de aptitud en química de alimentos a laboratorios de Latinoamérica. El programa operó en forma regular durante ese tiempo, con entre cuatro y cinco rondas por año correspondientes a cinco grupos de alimentos: cereales y derivados, frutas y derivados, lácteos, productos cárnicos o de pescado y café tostado, para evaluar los análisis de componentes nutricionales o parámetros de calidad. El diseño tomó como referencia la Guía ISO/IEC 43:1 y el “International Harmonized Protocol for Proficiency Testing of (Chemical) Analytical Laboratories” elaborado por IUPAC/ISO/AOAC, y adoptó luego la norma INTE/ISO/IEC 17043:2013, que fue la referencia para la acreditación del programa con el Ente Costarricense de Acreditación, obtenida en el año 2020. Durante los veinticinco años de operación se completaron 108 rondas donde participaron 91 laboratorios de dieciséis países de Latinoamérica. El perfil de participantes fue 54 % laboratorios institucionales, 24 % laboratorios privados de servicio y 22 % laboratorios de control de calidad de industrias de alimentos. Los países con mayor participación fueron Costa Rica, Guatemala y Ecuador, aportando el 56 % de los laboratorios. Los resultados obtenidos en estos años fueron principalmente retroalimentación para los participantes, para la mejora de su desempeño, pero también permitieron identificar los análisis en los que los laboratorios tienen mejor desempeño general y los ensayos más complejos para lograr resultados satisfactorios. El proceso de preparación para la acreditación llevó a mejoras en las metodologías de cálculo empleadas, lo que permitió realizar los cálculos estadísticos y  la toma de decisiones con mayor facilidad, y asegurar resultados confiables para los laboratorios participantes.
Assessment of heavy metal contamination and health risk of lotus root in major producing areas of China
Authors: Zhou L.H. , Huang W.H. , Ma L.F. , Li J.C. , Jin Y.J. , Cao X.L. , Li M. , Wang W.H. , Guo S.L. , Xia X.
Published: November 2024

Lotus root is a popular vegetable known for its nutritional value and unique taste. However, it can be susceptible to heavy metal contamination, which has raised concerns about its safety for consumption. This study aimed to analyse the extent of heavy metal contamination in lotus roots and assess the potential health risks associated with their consumption. The results showed that all measured heavy metal concentrations were below the maximum allowable limits, with contamination indices for all metals across nine provinces remaining below 1.0, classifying the lotus roots as “safe” for consumption. Non-carcinogenic risk assessment using the THQ showed values below 1.0 for all heavy metals in both adults and children, indicating negligible health risks. The HI was calculated as 0.107 for adults and 0.126 for children, with arsenic contributing significantly to these values at 47.76% for adults and 39.55% for children. The carcinogenic risk assessment revealed Carcinogenic Risk (CR) values of 8.37 × 10−8 for Pb, 2.04 × 10−5 for Cr, and 2.30 × 10−5 for As in adults, and 9.86 × 10−8 for Pb, 2.40 × 10−5 for Cr, and 2.71 × 10−5 for As in children. All CR values were within the acceptable range, indicating no apparent carcinogenic effects from lotus root consumption at current intake levels. However, it was noted that increased consumption could elevate risks associated with As, with limits of 174 and 93 g for adults and children, respectively, to maintain safety.
STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND THEIR IMPACT ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE: A STUDY OF SMES IN EMERGING MARKETS
Authors: Sari Avid Leonardo
Published: November 2024

This study examines the strategic management practices adopted by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in emerging markets and their impact on organizational performance through a comprehensive literature review. SMEs play a crucial role in economic development, especially in emerging markets, where they drive innovation, employment, and growth. However, their ability to sustain competitive advantage often depends on the effectiveness of their strategic management practices. This research aims to identify the strategic management practices that most significantly influence organizational performance and to analyze the contextual factors that affect their adoption and effectiveness in SMEs within emerging markets. By systematically reviewing existing academic literature, the study synthesizes findings on key practices such as strategic planning, environmental scanning, and adaptive capabilities, highlighting their role in enhancing organizational performance. The review also identifies external factors, such as market volatility, regulatory challenges, and resource limitations, that constrain the effectiveness of these practices. The study provides practical recommendations for SME managers to optimize their strategic management processes and offers insights for policymakers to create supportive environments for SME growth in emerging markets.