bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of Depressive Symptom Trajectory With Physical Activity Collected by mHealth Devices in the Electronic Framingham Heart Study: Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Xuzhi , Pathiravasan Chathurangi H , Zhang Yuankai , Trinquart Ludovic , Borrelli Belinda , Spartano Nicole L , Lin Honghuang , Nowak Christopher , Kheterpal Vik , Benjamin Emelia J , McManus David D , Murabito Joanne M , Liu Chunyu
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND

Few studies have examined the association between depressive symptom trajectories and physical activity collected by mobile health (mHealth) devices.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to investigate if antecedent depressive symptom trajectories predict subsequent physical activity among participants in the electronic Framingham Heart Study (eFHS).

METHODS

We performed group-based multi-trajectory modeling to construct depressive symptom trajectory groups using both depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression [CES-D] scores) and antidepressant medication use in eFHS participants who attended 3 Framingham Heart Study research exams over 14 years. At the third exam, eFHS participants were instructed to use a smartphone app for submitting physical activity index (PAI) surveys. In addition, they were provided with a study smartwatch to track their daily step counts. We performed linear mixed models to examine the association between depressive symptom trajectories and physical activity including app-based PAI and smartwatch-collected step counts over a 1-year follow-up adjusting for age, sex, wear hour, BMI, smoking status, and other health variables.

RESULTS

We identified 3 depressive symptom trajectory groups from 722 eFHS participants (mean age 53, SD 8.5 years; n=432, 60% women). The low symptom group (n=570; mean follow-up 287, SD 109 days) consisted of participants with consistently low CES-D scores, and a small proportion reported antidepressant use. The moderate symptom group (n=71; mean follow-up 280, SD 118 days) included participants with intermediate CES-D scores, who showed the highest and increasing likelihood of reporting antidepressant use across 3 exams. The high symptom group (n=81; mean follow-up 252, SD 116 days) comprised participants with the highest CES-D scores, and the proportion of antidepressant use fell between the other 2 groups. Compared to the low symptom group, the high symptom group had decreased PAI (mean difference –1.09, 95% CI –2.16 to –0.01) and the moderate symptom group walked fewer daily steps (823 fewer, 95% CI –1421 to –226) during the 1-year follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS

Antecedent depressive symptoms or antidepressant medication use was associated with lower subsequent physical activity collected by mHealth devices in eFHS. Future investigation of interventions to improve mood including via mHealth technologies to help promote people’s daily physical activity is needed.
PHARMACOKINETIC INVESTIGATION OF REMOGLIFLOZIN IN RAT PLASMA SAMPLES BY HIGH-THROUGHPUT HPLC-MS-MS
Authors: INTURI RAVIKANTH , RAJU MEDEPALLI DAVID , BASAVESWARA RAO MANDAVA VENKATA , INTURI SRIKANTH
Published: November 2022

Objective: Remogliflozin (REMO), a selective inhibitor of the renal sodium-dependent glucose transporter 2 channel, which could increase urine glucose excretion and lower plasma glucose in humans. To establish a simple, sensitive and completely validated HPLC-MS-MS approach for the analysis of Remogliflozin in rat plasma samples. Methods: The method was developed after simple step protein precipitation by acetonitrile and Empagliflozin (EMPA) was used as internal standard. Separation was done on an CORTECS C18, 90 Å, 2.7 µm, 4.6 mm X 150 mm with an isocratic mobile phase consisting of 0.1% Formic acid: acetonitrile (20:80%, v/v) and pumped at a flow stream of 0.8 ml/min at ambient temperature. Results: The approach developed showed fine calibration curve in the quantity range of 5-1000 pg/ml with correlation coefficient (r2) of ≥ 0.9997 and the intra-run accuracy and precision was 99.91 to 109.07% and 0.17 to 1.34, inter-run accuracy and precision was 99.8 to 101.54 and 0.17 to 1.66 according to FDA guidelines. Conclusion: The newly designed and validated approach was simple, fast and applied effectively for single-dose oral pharmacokinetic investigation in Wistar male rats for the quantification of REMO in biological matrix.
BOX-BEHNKEN DESIGN APPROACH TO DEVELOP NANO-VESICULAR HERBAL GEL FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF SKIN CANCER IN EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODEL
Authors: DEKA TRINAYAN , DAS MALAY K. , DAS SANJOY , DAS PUNAMJYOTI , SINGHA L. RONIBALA
Published: November 2022

Objective: To manage the increasing burden of skin cancer cases globally and to replace conventional invasive treatments and their side effects, the present study is aimed to develop a transfersomal herbal gel of Green Tea Catechins (GTC) extracted from indigenous green tea and evaluate it for in vivo management of skin cancer in an experimental animal model.
Methods: GTC-loaded transfersomes (GTCTF) were prepared by the thin-film hydration method. After optimizing the GTCTFs using the Box-Behnken design, they were characterized for zeta potential, structure, in vitro drug release, and in vitro skin permeation. Carbopol 940 gel was developed for the topical delivery of GTCTF and characterized for pH, viscosity, spreadability and in vitro skin permeation. In vitro MTT assay and in vivo chemopreventive and anticancer efficacy of the GTCTF gel were evaluated in mice.
Results: The GTCTF has shown a particle size of 151.4±1.9 nm, entrapment efficiency of 68.25±0.06 %, and drug loading of 10.41±0.02 %. The in vitro MTT assay in B16F10 melanoma cell lines showed promising anticancer efficacy of the GTCTF. GTCTF gel was found suitable for topical delivery with favorable pH, viscosity, spreadability, and permeability and effective in preventing and curing skin cancer in mice, with a significant reduction of tissue biochemical parameters like TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6.
Conclusion: Collectively, successful prevention and curing of the induced skin cancer in the experimental animal model by the GTCTF gel have established a novel herbal nanomedicine approach for the management of skin cancer.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF QUALITY CONTROL TESTING OF MEFENAMIC ACID TABLETS IN IRAQ
Authors: ABDULRAZZAQ INAS F. , SALAL YASMIEN A. , ABDUL-HASAN MAZIN THAMIR , ABBAS HAYDER K. , HASAN AL-GBURI KARRAR MOHAMMED
Published: November 2022

Objective: This research was performed to assess the quality of different marketed tablets having mefenamic acid (500 mg). The selected tablets are produced by numerous companies and presented in the Iraqi pharmaceutical marketplace.
Methods: Different batches of mefenamic acid conventional tablets were exposed for several tests of quality control. These evaluation tests include hardness, weight variation, friability, disintegration time, drug content, and drug dissolution profile. The properties of these quality tests were made conferring to the specification of USP-pharmacopeia.
Results: The data of this study indicate that each tablet of mefenamic acid batches conformed to the requirement of USP pharmacopeia, the hardness was (6.87-8.06 Kg/cm2), and the drug content results were (90.666-99.214%) within USP limitation. The data of disintegration time and weight uniformity were agreeable with pharmacopeia and the in vitro release assay showed that the release of each mefenamic acid marketed tablet was highest than (80 %) in 45 min, which reproducing compliance with the USP pharmacopeia's limitation.
Conclusion: From this study, it was proved that all of the marketed brands of mefenamic acid tablets meet the standard character in the USP pharmacopeia for in vitro quality control tests.
PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SONNERATIA ALBA LEAF EXTRACT MICROCAPSULES BY SOLVENT EVAPORATION TECHNIQUE
Authors: MUHAIMIN MUHAIMIN , LATIFAH NOR , CHAERUNISAA ANIS YOHANA , AMALIA ERI , ROSTINAWATI TINA
Published: November 2022

Objective: Sonneratia alba leaves were used by the community for traditional medicine to cure muscle pain, back pain, antioxidants, rheumatism, malaria, wounds, tuberculosis (TB) and as a spermicide. S. alba leaves extract was easy to damage because of the light exposure, change of pH, weather and a long period of storage time. The problem can be solved by coating the extract with a microencapsulation technique. The purpose of this research was to formulate the microcapsules of S. alba leaves extract with solvent evaporation technique using Ethocel 10 cP and Eudragit E100 as a matrix.
Methods: S. alba leaves were extracted using ethanol 96%. This extract was dried by a rotary evaporator. The microencapsulation process of S. alba leaves extract was done by solvent evaporation technique (O/W: oil in water). The formula of S. alba leaves extract microcapsules was designed into six formulas (Eudragit E100: EA1, EA2, EA3 and Ethocel 10 cP: EB1, EB2, EB3). Microcapsules of S. alba leaves extract were characterized for particle size in terms of surface morphology by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and encapsulation efficiency. Antioxidant activity of the formulation have been evaluated by DPPH method. Physical characterization on microparticles was performed by conducting entrapment efficiency and SEM picture.
Results: In this research, the microparticles containing S. alba extract has been developed by using ethyl cellulose (Ethocel 10 cP) and eudragit (Eudragit E100) as the polymer matrix. The results showed that a high concentration of polymer (Ethocel 10 cP and Eudragit E100) used in microencapsulation resulted in better S. alba leaves extract microcapsules in terms of physical characteristics. Particle size of microcapsules containing S. alba leaves extract were in the range of 0.701 to 1.163 μm. Encapsulation efficiency (% EE) was categorized as poor because the value were ≤ 80% to which 74.386% (EB3) and 75.248% (EA1). SEM picture of EA1 (Eudragit E100) revealed that the surface of microcapsule were rough and porous. When Ethocel 10 cP was used as a polymer, a smoother surface and less visible pores of microcapsule were obtained. The antioxidant ability of S. alba leaves extract microcapsule showed that IC50 values were 53.26 ppm.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that microcapsules of S. alba leaves extract can be prepared by solvent evaporation technique using Eudragit E100 and Ethocel 10 cP as polymer. S. alba leaves has potent antioxidant activity either as an extract or after being formulated into microcapsules.
A Review: To Investigate the Properties of Geopolymer Concrete with Fly Ash in Place of Cement
Authors: Tijare Shreyash
Published: November 2022

Abstract: A novel type of concrete called geopolymer concrete is created by reacting sodium silicate containing minerals with sodium aluminate and a caustic activator, such as fly ash or slag from the production of iron and metal. It can serve as a viable replacement for regular portland cement. In addition to having outstanding mechanical qualities, geopolymer concrete also possesses a number of extremely high-end qualities, including corrosion and fire resistance. The majority of industrial solid waste and bottom ash from waste incineration are stacked up at random, which not only uses up land resources but also negatively affects the ecosystem. They can be recycled and utilised as raw materials to make geopolymer concrete. Geopolymer concrete has the ability to absorb pollutants like heavy metals and other radioactive chemicals, so that its stability, elasticity, and thermal qualities are unaffected. However, geopolymer concrete's use goes beyond that because of its superior qualities. The geopolymerization of concrete, the origin of the raw materials, the numerous categories of activators, the development processes, and the diverse applications of geopolymer concrete in various fields are all covered in this paper. In this section, the factors that affect the mechanical and abrasion resistance of geopolymer concrete. In order to establish a hypothesis that will be used to develop geopolymer concrete for future development, the disadvantages and application quantification of geopolymer concrete, as well as its mix design, will be summarised in this paper.
The Effect of Ethical Climate on Employee Performance Mediated by Communication at PT. Pos Indonesia Malang
Authors: Robbie Iqbal , Tanaya Daffa Aryadana , Mursidi
Published: November 2022

This study aims to examine the effect of ethical climate on employee performance mediated by communication. This research was conducted at PT. Pos Indonesia Malang Branch. The sampling technique used was total sampling with a sample size of 67 employees of PT. Pos Indonesia Malang Branch. Using a questionnaire as a data collection technique. The data analysis technique used Partial Least Square (PLS). The results of the study conclude that there is a significant influence between ethical climate on employee performance. Ethical climate has a significant effect on communication. Communication has a significant effect on employee performance. Communication mediates the ethical climate on employee performance.
Development and Evaluation of Aceclofenac Liposomes
Authors: Kaur Gurleen , Naaz Zaquiyya , Kumar Kapil , Teotia Deepak
Published: November 2022

This review gives concise information about the application of dendrimers as drug delivery carrier in the field of drug delivery. Due to their unique architecture these have improved physical and chemical properties. Due to their terminal groups these show high solubility, miscibility and reactivity. Dendrimers have well defined size, shape, molecular weight and monodispersity. These properties make the dendrimers a suitable carrier in drug delivery application. Dendrimers are unimolecular miceller in nature and due to this enhances the solubility of poorly soluble drugs. Their compatibility with DNA, heparin and polyanions make them more versatile. Dendrimers, also referred as modern day polymers, they offer much more good properties than the conventional polymers. Due to their multivalent and mono disperse character dendrimers have stimulated wide interest in the field of chemistry biology, drug delivery, gene therapy and chemotherapy. Self-assembly produces a faster means of generating nanoscopic functional and structural systems. But their actual utility in drug delivery can be assessed only after deep understanding of factors affecting their properties and their behaviour in vivo.
Keywords: Dendrimers, Drug targeting, nanoscale carriers.
An Overview of Lassa fever, an Rising Old World Haemorrhagic Viral Disease
Authors: Khare Basant , Jain Dolly , Jain Monika , Jain Sameeksha , Khangar Pushpendra Kumar , Jain Deepak Kumar
Published: November 2022

Lassa fever is an acute immunosuppressive illness of increasing public health concern causing severe morbidity and significant mortality especially in epidemic cases. Lassa fever is an acute viral zoonotic illness caused by Lassa virus, an arenavirus known to be responsible for a severe haemorrhagic fever characterised by fever, muscle aches, sore throat, nausea, vomiting, chest and abdominal pain. The virus exhibits persistent, asymptomatic infection with profuse urinary virus excretion in the ubiquitous rodent vector, Mastomys natalensis. Lassa fever is endemic in West Africa and has been reported from Sierra Leone, Guinea, Liberia, and Nigeria. The virus replicates through a strategy known as the Ambisense, where two RNA strands code for genes in both the sense and antisense direction that is rapid and demonstrate temporal control in replication. Different diagnostic tests for the virus are available, which range from viral culture to serological and molecular diagnostic tests. There is an urgent need to develop drugs and vaccines against the virus because the World Health Organization (WHO) has identified Lassa virus as one of the viruses that is likely to cause a future epidemic, although a research is ongoing to evaluate Lassa virus vaccine immunogenicity in the CBA/J-ML29 mouse model. This review gives an overview on the structure, replication cycle, pathogenesis and diagnosis of the virus.
Keywords: Lassa fever, Lassa virus, Arenavirus, Replication, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis
Iris ensata Thunb: Review on Its Chemistry, Morphology, Ethno Medical Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activities
Authors: Jat Diksha , Thakur Niharika , Jain Deepak Kumar , Prasad Shilpi , Yadav Rajni
Published: November 2022

Medicinal plants are mainly used as herbal medicine and play an essential role in primary health care, ethno-medicine system and production of appropriate drugs. Due to this multi-usage, trade network demand for the different medicinal species can extend to national as well as international boundaries. As only little studies are done on this plant, the purpose of current review is to make accessible up-to-date information on, botany, morphology, ecological biodiversity, therapeutic uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities on diverse parts of Iris ensata Thunb. The plant Iris ensata Thunb belongs to the family Iridaceae. It has been praised by the physicians of all times as a panacea and is broadly used in a huge number of disases. It heals up the chronic ulcers and absess, useful in insect bite, burns, vitiligo, weakness of muscles, itching and dandruff. It is emmenagogue, anti-inflammatory, anti orchitis, used in cold cough, in all humours, pneumonia, dyspnoea. The egesta accumulated in the chest are attenuated and resolved by Irsa, it is emetic and purgative. Ibne Sina recommends its efficacious actions in strengthening the wisdom and intellect, cures head injuries skull bone fractures, phlegmic and hot swelling. Ibne Baitar quoted that it is useful in tooth ache, dyspnoea, spleenomegaly, rigidity of uterus, flatulence, it is abortifacient, anti tussive. The fermentation with sosan is benifecial in endometritis, adenitis and hard swelling. Its efficacy in dyspnoea, asthma, thorasic pain, hydropes, jaundice, haemorrhoids, liver complaints, and sciatica. Root of Iris ensata Thunb are reach source of glycosides steroids, resins, proteins, phenolic compounds and also tannins. Flowers of this plant also contains anthocyanin 5-0-glucosyltransferase (R2) and anthocyanin-flavone e.g. malvidine 3KGaC5G, petunidine 3KGac5c, delphinidine 3RGac5G, petunidine(R2) . The epigeal parts of this plant contain mangiferin(R) and leteolin C-glycosides. This review highlights the traditional, ethnobotanical, phytochemical, pharmacological information available on Iris ensata, which might be helpful for scientists and researchers to find out new chemical entities responsible for its claimed traditional uses.
Keywords: Iris ensata Thunb, Phytochemistry, Pharmacological activity, Ayurveda, Medicinal uses
Effect of pH on Pharmaceutical Ingredients / Drugs / Chemicals
Authors: Amir Md , Alam Md Ashfaque , Aftab Md Fauwaz , Nabi Md Gulam , Alam Md Sadre , Rathi Jagdeesh , Thakur Sonpal Singh
Published: November 2022

The word excipient is derived from the Latin excipere meaning to except, which is simply explained as other than. Pharmaceutical excipients are basically everything other than the active pharmaceutical ingredient. Ideally, excipients should be inert, however, recent reports of adverse reactions have suggested otherwise. Pharmaceutical excipients are substances other than the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) that have been appropriately evaluated for safety and are intentionally included in a drug delivery system. Solubility, which defines the liquid /solid equilibrium, is a key parameter to control a crystallization process. As the API is a weak acid (pKa = 3.7), its solubility increases with the pH. On the basis of the experimental curve of solubility, a model was defined to fit the evolution of the solubility as a function of pH. In the case of this compound, studies revealed a weak influence of the temperature in comparison with the pH. So, the solubility of the compound is slightly impacted by the temperature. Some experiments were carried out in order to compare the solubility of the API, at the same pH and temperature, for different concentrations of impurities found in the process. The results revealed a solubility increase in presence of acetic acid and a high solubility decrease in presence of sodium chloride. By carrying out experiments on common ions salts, the anion chloride Cl− has been identified as the cause of the solubility decrease.
Keywords: Solubility, API, Impurity, Ph
INTERLEUKIN-1β LEVELS IN THE HUMAN GINGIVAL SULCUS: RATES AND FACTORS AFFECTING ITS LEVELS IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS
Authors: Al-dossary Omar Ahmed Ismael , Al-Kholani Abdulwahab Ismail Mohamed , AL-Haddad Khaled A , Al-Najhi Mohammed Mohammed Ali , Al-Shamahy Hassan Abdulwahab , Al-adhami Ikram Ayad Anwar , Aldhorae Khalid
Published: November 2022

Background and objective:  Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) affords a exceptional window for investigation of periodontal condition as the levels of inflammatory mediators, which consequences owing to the increased local destruction of connective tissue structural elements. This study aimed to explore the interleukin 1β (IL-1β)) levels in the human gingival sulcus in healthy normal people; and the effect of host factors as age , gender, type of tooth used in pro-inflammatory biomarkers.
Methods: Eighty seven patients, 54 (62.1%) female and 33 (37.9%) male (aged 12–34 years; mean 19.58±4.4 years), participated in this study. Each subject underwent a session on professional oral hygiene and received oral hygiene instructions. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) sampling was conducted (baseline). GCF was collected from the Central incisor, the Lateral incisor, the Canine, the First premolar and the second premolar in this study. 
Results: In total, the mean±SD of central incisor IL-1β was 32.16±4.83 pg/ml, with a mode equal to 28.01 pg/mL, the median was 32.71 pg/mL, and ranged from 20.98 to 41.25 pg/ml with the 75% interquartile range (IQR) equal to 35.94 pg/ml. For males the mean±SD of central incisor IL-1β was 31.6±5.51 pg/ml VS 32.5±4.4 pg/ml of females. For the lateral incisor, canine, first premolar, second premolar:
Conclusion: This study provides the upper limit of normal values ​​for interleukin 1β (IL-1β) levels for subjects aged 12–34 years in the GCF. These upper limits of normal values ​​will guide dentists in Yemen when they consider the diagnosis of periodontal disease, as well as its role during orthodontic tooth movement where they play important role in osteocyte activities (e.g, osteoclasts and osteoblasts), and will provide useful baseline data for future studies of interventions against periodontal disease, and teeth movement by orthodontics appliances, in Yemen.
                         
Peer Review History:
Received: 1 September 2022; Revised: 11 October; Accepted: 6 November, Available online: 15 November 2022
Academic Editor: Dr. Emmanuel O. Olorunsola, Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Uyo, Nigeria, olorunsolaeo@yahoo.com
Received file:                             Reviewer's Comments:
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.0/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewers:
Dr. Rima Benatoui,Laboratory of Applied Neuroendocrinology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Badji Mokhtar University Annaba, Algeria.  benattouiryma@gmail.com
Dr. Gulam Mohammed Husain,, National Research Institute of Unani Medicine for Skin Disorders, Hyderabad, India, gmhusain@gmail.com
Similar Articles:  
THE EFFECT OF NANOSILVER AND CHLORHEXIDINE MOUTHWASH ON ANAEROBIC PERIODONTAL PATHOGENS COUNTS
ASSOCIATION OF EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS BY LIMITED MATERIALS: PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS AND CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS IN YEMEN
Authors: Al-Mansor Mohammed Ismail , Al-Moyed Khaled Abdul-Karim A , Al-Shehari Mohammed Mohammed , Al-Shamahy Hassan Abdulwahab , Al-gunaid Eshrak Adulmalik , Al-Haddad Ahmed Mohamed
Published: November 2022

Background and aims: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune chronic inflammatory disease with damage to many organs due to the production of auto-antibodies, including auto-antibodies to renal antigen, vascular tissue antigens, brain antigens, ribosomes, nuclear antigens, and phospholipids. This study was conducted to determine patient characteristics and clinical manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus and to find out the association of positive IgG with high titer of EBV-VCA with clinical features of SLE patients.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 142 patients with SLE diagnosed based on American College of Rheumatology criteria were selected. All were included in the study after obtaining informed consent for participation. Whole blood samples were taken and serum was separated to determine anti-EBV IgG antibodies using the ELISA method and assessment with the SLE.
Results: Female represent 81% of the total patients, while male represent only 19%, with ratio male: female equal to 1: 4.3, most of the patients were adults over 20 years old, with mean age ± SD was 35.8 ± 13.7 years. The most common signs were joint pain (95.1%), fever (92.3%), persistent fatigue (83.8%), followed by joint swelling (69.7%), photosensitivity (54.4%),  renal involvement (52.8%),  weigh loss (49.3%) and alopecia (49.3%), while other SLE signs were less frequent. 
Conclusion: EBV may have an important role in SLE pathogenesis and activity, SLE male: female ratio equals 1:4.3, most patients were adults over 20 years of age, and the most common signs of SLE were joint pain, fever and persistent fatigue.
                         
Peer Review History:
Received: 2 September 2022; Revised: 11 October; Accepted: 15 November, Available online: 15 November 2022
Academic Editor: Dr. Iman Muhammad Higazy, National Research Center, Egypt, imane.higazy@hotmail.com
Received file:                             Reviewer's Comments:
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.5/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewers:
Dr. Rima Benatoui,Laboratory of Applied Neuroendocrinology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Badji Mokhtar University Annaba, Algeria.  benattouiryma@gmail.com
Similar Articles:  
THE ASSOCIATION OF EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS ANTIBODIES WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AMONG YEMENI PATIENTS IN SANA’A CITY
Severe Hypophosphatemia in Alcohol-Induced Acute Pancreatitis: A Case Report
Authors: Al-Anbagi Usamah , Usman Shybin , Saad Abdulrahman , Nashwan Abdulqadir
Published: November 2022

Mild hypophosphatemia can be reported in some cases of acute
pancreatitis, especially in alcohol-induced pancreatitis (AIP), but
severe hypophosphatemia (0.33 mmol/L) is rarely reported, even in cases
with AIP. Here we have a case report of a 43-year-old male with
alcohol-related pancreatitis associated with a critical value of
hypophosphatemia.
A Survey of Video Steganography Algorithms
Authors:   School of Technology Ghana Institute of Management & Public Administration  GreenHills, Accra, Ghana, Ohipeni Edwin Angmor Kofi
Published: November 2022

The need for data encryption has become more important than ever since the appearance of the covid-19 virus which has led to the rate at which cybercrimes are committed to triple. Data is generally in the form of text, audio, video, and image. Over the years researchers have found a way to hide specific information to intended destinations in these data forms. The is called steganography and hiding secret information in video is known as video steganography. In this paper, a survey on some video steganography algorithms have been presented. Recommendations and direction for future works are also discussed in this paper. Keywords: Steganography, cover image, secret data, steganalysis, least significant bit (LSB), motion picture expart group (MPEG), high embedding efficiency, embedding payload
The prospects of U.S.-Russian relations in the light of war in Ukraine: “Containment 2.0.”
Authors: Trapara Vladimir
Published: November 2022

The outbreak of Russo-Ukrainian War has sharpened already ongoing
confrontation between Russia and the United States to the level of
undoubtedly new cold war, which compared to the previous one has even
greater potential of escalation towards the direct military conflict between
the two powers. After the Biden administration?s failure to ?structure? this
confrontation during the phase one of the new Ukrainian crisis in 2021,
Washington replaced this approach towards Russia with a new one -
?containment 2.0.?, resembling the one from the Cold War. From neoclassical
realist point of view, the author analyzes why the U.S. and Russia have come
to this point, and are there prospects of taming their confrontation in the
future. The conclusion is that responsibility for this new situation can be
found on both sides (in their dominant revisionist foreign policy ideas), as
well as in systemic factors? (power distribution and geopolitical posture)
impacts, but also in Ukraine?s role. In the longer run, the described state
will continue even after the war in Ukraine is over, yet the appropriate
changes in both systemic and unit level factors could tame the
confrontation.
On the idea of evil in international relations
Authors: Stekic Nenad , Korac Srdjan
Published: November 2022

The study discusses how the concept of evil is positioned in the current theoretical discussion in international relations and how it is discursively misapplied in the imperial practice of preserving and advancing liberal peace in the early twenty-first century. The authors first present the fundamental assumptions embedded in the notion and typology of evil, and then delve into how Rousseau?s and Kant?s conception of the origin of moral evil has indirectly affected the differentiation of epistemological approaches in the study of the dark side of international relations. In terms of the situational legitimization of evil actions, the significance of a group acting evil, the relativization of empathic reactions, and the imperial tactics of utilizing ethical arguments against the so-called illiberal states, the analysis focuses on the contradictions that arise in the process of evaluating evil in the whirlwind of world politics. The authors also present some viewpoints that are to explain the ways and encourage the overcoming of Otherness in world politics through self-transformation and the transformation of relations with Others. The authors conclude that the idea of evil, as interpreted in the optics of the prevailing positivist epistemology in the International Relations discipline, equally in (neo)realism and liberal institutionalism, still provides a (pseudo)legitimation basis for the politics of liberal interventionism of post-industrial democracies against the ?rogue? countries from the global periphery.
Women with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Perinatal Distress: A Literature Review
Authors: ANTONIOU EVANGELIA , Papatrechas Alexandros , Orovou Eirini
Published: November 2022

Although the childbirth is considered a pleasant experience in a woman's life, there are cases that the mental health and well-being of mother is affected. On the other hand, women with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder are more likely than men to have one or more comorbidities, including schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder, suicidal behavior, depression, bipolar and tic disorders. This increased risk suggests that women are a more vulnerable population during the perinatal period. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder symptomatology on women's mental health status during the perinatal period, through an investigation of the literature. These studies found that throughout the perinatal period, women with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder are more at risk of developing perinatal stress, especially during postpartum period and highlights the need for more research on perinatal mental health and the need also for a pregnancy screening program in the general pregnant population as well as in pregnant women suffering from ADHD.
Pogled v svet besed: prepoznavanje raznojezičnosti v prvem triletju osnovne šole: vključevanje literarnih besedil za spodbujanje medkulturnega dialoga in usvajanje jezika
Authors: Vučajnk Tatjana , Legvart Polona
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we present a bilateral project that focuses on the transfer of cultural content through literary texts in lessons for the acquisition of Slovene and German. Literary texts also include keywords of culture, and as such contribute to the motivation for acquiring neighbouring languages and intercultural dialogue. An additional motivational element is information and communication technology, suitable for primary school age and thus friendly to the mind of a pupil who through cross-curricular connections experiences the lessons of the neighbouring/foreign language in a pleasant and cognitively stimulating environment.
The Analysis of the Quality of the Physical Environment, Service and Product on Revisit Intention through Customer Satisfaction at a Coffee Shop in Kintamani-Bali
Authors: Handayani Putu Trisna , Kepramareni Putu , Kusuma I Gusti Agung Eka Teja
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the quality of the physical environment, service quality, and product quality on revisit intention through customer satisfaction. Respondents in this study amounted to 190 respondents, determined using Non-Probability Sampling. This study uses Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis. The results show that the quality of the physical environment has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction, the quality of service has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction, the quality of the product has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction, the quality of the physical environment has a positive and significant effect on the revisit intention, the quality of service has a positive and significant effect on revisit intention, product quality has a positive and significant effect on revisit intention, customer satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on revisit intention.
The Effect of Work Discipline and Communication on Work Motivation and Performance of Agricultural Officer of Denpasar City, Indonesia
Authors: Wisesa Pande Nyoman Pradnya Ananta , Kepramareni Putu , Widnyana I Wayan
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of work discipline, and communication on employee performance through work motivation. This study uses a quantitative approach. Data were collected through the questionnaire method. Furthermore, the data is processed using PLS analysis techniques. This study took place at the Denpasar City Agriculture Office, carried out from December 2021 to April 2022. 54 employees participated, using the purposive sampling method. The results show Work discipline has a positive and significant effect on work motivation, Work discipline has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, Communication has a positive and significant effect on work motivation, Communication has a positive and significant effect on employee performance and Work motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance.
Performing a Quantile Regression to Explore the Financial Inclusion in Emerging Countries and Lessons African Countries Can Learn from Them
Authors: Dirir Sadik Aden
Published: November 2022

Financial inclusion is a concept that promotes the accessibility and admittance of people and small businesses to financial assistance such as credit, banking features, and insurance items. There is a significant poof that adequate financial services have advantageous gains for women, young people, clients, and underprivileged individuals. Efficient and sound expansion of financial inclusion in emerging countries is frequently upheld by adequate strategies, innovative reforms, and favorable regulations that ought to help small firms, poor and marginalized individuals, and empower communities. Various emerging countries are executing reforms to extend financial diffusion. For that reason, this study will explore the factors that promote financial inclusion in emerging countries and the lessons that African countries could learn from them. Thus, 13 emerging countries which are (India, Saudi Arabia, Thailand, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Indonesia, Nigeria, Mexico, South Africa, Brazil, Russia, and China) from the period of 2005 to 2020 were nominated. Additionally, to determine the elements that influence financial inclusion factors such as bank branches per 100 000 individuals, net income per capita, percentage of individuals using the internet, gross domestic product, total employment, inflation, and population density were selected. A simple OLS and quantile regression model were performed in different percentiles. Furthermore, the findings exposed that variables such as national income per individual, the increase in internet usage, and inflation regulations promote financial inclusion in emerging countries. Whereas, employment displayed a negative effect with the OLS model. However, it presented a positive influence after performing the quantile regression. This implies at a larger scale the employment rate does have a positive impact on the availability of bank branches. Finally, population density presented a neutral effect on the availability of bank branches while the GDP of emerging countries exhibited a negative impact on the availability of bank branches for individuals.
Introducing an Automatic Bread Quality Assessment Algorithm using Image Processing Techniques
Authors: Archandani Roya Biglari , Mohanna Farahnaz , Ahsani Mohammad Javad
Published: November 2022

In this research, an automatic algorithm of bread quality assessment using image processing techniques, is proposed. First, color images of bread with different qualities are photographed and a database of 1250 bread images is prepared. Then 2320 color and texture features are extracted from each bread images. Then, from this number of features, only 15 features containing sufficient information are selected. In addition, 54 appearance features are extracted from each bread image to determine its shape and size. Finally, bread images are classified using the multilevel Support Vector Machine classifier. The classification process is divided into five "one-against-all" classification problems. The proposed algorithm correctly identifies the bread appearance defects, including cuts, fractures, folds, non-uniformity, black and burnt areas in baking, deformity, color and size. The proposed algorithm, considering the extraction of only 15 features per an image, has a speed that guarantees its use in a machine vision system. The performance success of the proposed algorithm on the bread database, despite its very simple implementation, is 96.95%.
A Sociolinguistic Explorative Study of Interactional Discourse in Dagbani and Ewe
Authors: Sibdow Iddrisu Alhassan , Yekple Sampson Lucky Kudjo , Dorleku Florence , Immorrow Mohammed Abdul-Rashid
Published: November 2022

This study explores greetings among the Dagbamba of Northern Ghana and the Ewe of Southern Volta, Ghana. The work investigates the time-of-day greetings as the sociocultural interactional functions and value of the people. The research is a qualitative type, which uses ethnography as its design. The primary data was solicited from information from observation, interviews, and participation in events in the research communities. Secondary data has been solicited from existing literature. Researchers participated in daily routines with the people in the research communities in Xavi Traditional Area and Tolon in Dagbon state. The data was descriptively analyzed. It was discovered that greetings in the two languages are culturally categorized with reference to the time of day, interlocutors, and specific events or occurrences. We demonstrate that the types of greetings associated to the Dagbani and the Ewe culture are important as they demarcate timelines and the phenomenal periods, in which these greetings must be cast. Apart from the time-of-day greetings, we demonstrate some referential greetings that are applicable in the languages in relation to specific events. It was further confirmed that greetings among the people encode politeness strategies fostering unity and healthy cohesion. The greetings are categorized as informal and formal or ceremonial. The investigations also reveal that there are social factors such as modernization and religious practices that contribute to changes in greetings, hence influencing society.
Samuel Beckett’s Waiting for Godot: The Dual Motif
Authors: Alzouabi Lina
Published: November 2022

Following two world wars, the human essence was affected by pessimism and a loss of faith. As a result, new existentialist literature was produced, resulting in a new wave of absurdist fiction plays. The theatre of the absurd was first termed by Martin Esslin, whereas the term ‘absurd’ was first used by Albert Camus in his classic essay ‘The Myth of Sisyphus’. Samuel Beckett’s “Waiting for Godot,” a tragic comedy, (1952) is among the most mysterious dramas of the twentieth century that represents the philosophy of absurdism. By adopting the philosophy of theatre of the absurd in analyzing “Waiting for Godot,” this study focuses on Beckett’s employing the dual motif in the plot of the play and its implications, represented in chances that play a significant role rather than logic in the characters’ lives. As a result, the study concludes that Beckett’s use of such a technique underlines the equal opportunities in the world of the play, where chances have their effects on humans; Godot might or might not come, and the characters might leave or not: illustrating the unpredictability of the real world.
A Preliminary Outline for Quantum Counterfactual Communication Via Perfect Mirror
Authors: Light Gregory L.
Published: November 2022

Quantum counterfactual communication applies to information transmission that is free from particles commuting in-between; it is at the forefront of the present computing technology. Here, we consider a perfect mirror that reflects any incident photon with 100% probability. By the existing literature, the reflected photon loses a certain amount of energy because a portion of its wave nevertheless gets transmitted. That is, there exist separated photon-less waves that carry energies. We thus consider sending a photon to a perfect mirror and transmitting its wave to a receiver, which by gaining energy obtains the sought information.
Phenomenological Studies: Adolescent Toxic Relationships
Authors: Rifayanti Rina , Sofia Lisda , Purba Theresia Dwi Uli , Amanda Syakila Putri , Merary Salchania
Published: November 2022

This study aims to find out the picture of toxic relationships experienced by adolescents dating. This type of research is a type of qualitative research with phenomenological methods. The data collection methods used are interviews and observations. The data collection technique used is the purposive sampling technique. Meanwhile, the data analysis techniques used consist of preparing data, reading the entire data, coding data, applying the results of data coding into themes to be analyzed, presenting themes in the form of narratives, and interpreting data. The results showed that the three subjects, namely az, GN, and RA subjects, experienced toxic relationships while in a courtship relationship. This is influenced by factors from within each of them when deciding to start a relationship. The toxic relationships they have experienced have caused a lot of harm to themselves both in terms of physical, mental, and academic. This makes the three subjects more careful if they want to get to know new people and assume that a toxic relationship can never be repaired.
Exercise Intensity in Track and Level-grade Treadmill Running: A Cross-over Longitudinal Study in Well-trained Athletes
Authors: Longo Aldo F. , Prada Enrique O. , Cardey Marcelo L. , Aquilino Gustavo D.
Published: November 2022

Heart rate is a conventional indicator of exercise intensity. Diverse studies have reported results of the comparison between the heart rate responses attained during running overground and on a treadmill; non-unanimous conclusions have emerged. The intention of this study was to compare the exercise intensity through heart rate between progressive running tests performed on track and level-grade treadmills. The heart rate responses of twelve highly trained male athletes were analyzed (Age = 24.3±2.7 years). The running protocol had initial and final speeds of 11 km·h−1 and 18 km·h−1, and increments of 0.5 km·h−1 every 200 m. Two tests were performed: on an outdoor 400 m track, and a level-grade motorized treadmill under laboratory conditions. An innovative data analysis approach was proposed, by using a linear mixed-effects model, with the Test and Speed stage and their interaction as fixed factors, and the Subject as a random factor; a suitable correlation structure was also specified. The statistical significance level was set at p < 0.05. The difference between tests was not significant (F = 0.06, p = 0.81). The interaction effect between the Test and Speed stage was also not significant (F = 1.32, p = 0.19). Exercise intensity as measured by heart rate showed similar mean responses in track and level-grade treadmill running across a wide range of speeds in well-trained athletes.
Haiti’s “Painful Truths”: A Postcolonialised Reading of Trauma in Roxane Gay’s An Untamed State
Authors: Roldán-Sevillano Laura
Published: November 2022

Drawing on a postcolonialised approach to the traditional trauma paradigm, this paper analyses Roxane Gay’s novel An Untamed State as a trauma narrative which does not solely revolve around the Haitian American protagonist’s Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder ensuing her abduction and violation in Port-au-Prince, as suggested by previous critical work. Particularly, it aims to demonstrate that Gay’s heroine is a resilient survivor of both a rape-related trauma and the traumatic blow to her partly Haitian identity caused by her direct contact with Haiti’s social and gender issues. Lastly, the essay examines how the novel delves into the unresolved cultural traumas derived from the effects of (post)colonialism in Haiti, which push the protagonist’s victimisers to commit such terrible acts.
Dalila Ayoun, editor. The Acquisition of Gender: Crosslinguistic Perspectives
Authors: Ogneva Anastasiia
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Memory and Writing: A Conversation with Norma Elía Cantú
Authors: Martín Hernández Cristina
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Trunk Rotational Power in Female and Male Athletes of Gymnastics and Dance Sports
Authors: Zemková Erika , Kyselovičová Oľga , Jeleň Michal
Published: November 2022

This study investigates between-gender differences in trunk rotational power produced at various loads in athletes of gymnastic and dance sports. A group of 24 female and 15 male competitive aerobic and acrobatic gymnasts, ballroom and rock & roll dancers completed two trials of standing trunk rotations at each side with a barbell of different weights (increasing from 1 kg by ~5 kg up to max. of 20 kg) placed on their shoulders. The power produced during trunk rotations was evaluated using the FiTRO Torso Premium. Results showed significantly higher mean power in the acceleration phase of trunk rotations in male than female athletes at loads of 10.5 kg (206.8 ± 22.0 W and 165.4 ± 17.8 W respectively, p = 0.033), 15.5 kg (231.8 ± 27.5 W and 155.6 ± 24.4 W respectively, p = 0.001) and 20 kg (196.9 ± 25.3 W and 111.4 ± 20.9 W respectively, p = 0.001). Similar significant between-gender differences for angular velocity at weights ≥10.5 kg were observed. Alternatively, power and force were greater at lower velocities in male than female athletes. However, some females were able to produce slightly greater power and force at higher velocities in spite of their lower values at lower velocities when compared to males. This may be ascribed to both the genetic predispositions and the specificity of their acrobatic and dance elements including trunk rotations at various velocities under different load conditions.