bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Combining hypoxia with thermal stimuli in humans: physiological responses and potential sex differences
Authors: Wait Seaver O. , Charkoudian Nisha , Skinner Jared W. , Smith Caroline J.
Published: March 2023

Increasing prevalence of native lowlanders sojourning to high altitudes (>2,500 m) for recreational, occupational, military, and competitive reasons has generated increased interest in physiological responses to multistressor environments. Exposure to hypoxia poses recognized physiological challenges that are amplified during exercise and further complicated by environments that might include combinations of heat, cold, and high altitude. There is a sparsity of data examining integrated responses in varied combinations of environmental conditions, with even less known about potential sex differences. How this translates into performance, occupational, and health outcomes requires further investigation. Acute hypoxic exposure decreases arterial oxygen saturation, resulting in a reflex hypoxic ventilatory response and sympathoexcitation causing an increase in heart rate, myocardial contractility, and arterial blood pressure, to compensate for the decreased arterial oxygen saturation. Acute altitude exposure impairs exercise performance, for example, reduced time to exhaustion and slower time trials, largely owing to impairments in pulmonary gas exchange and peripheral delivery resulting in reduced V̇o2max. This exacerbates with increasing altitude, as does the risk of developing acute mountain sickness and more serious altitude-related illnesses, but modulation of those risks with additional stressors is unclear. This review aims to summarize and evaluate current literature regarding cardiovascular, autonomic, and thermoregulatory responses to acute hypoxia, and how these may be affected by simultaneous thermal environmental challenges. There is minimal available information regarding sex as a biological variable in integrative responses to hypoxia or multistressor environments; we highlight these areas as current knowledge gaps and the need for future research.
Nutrition Education Improves Knowledge of Iron and Iron-Rich Food Intake Practices among Young Adolescents: A Nonrandomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Wiafe Michael Akenteng , Apprey Charles , Annan Reginald Adjetey
Published: March 2023

Introduction. Nutrition education targeting adolescents’ health has the potential to enhance their well-being into adulthood. This study assessed the impact of nutrition education on the knowledge of iron and iron-rich food intake practices of adolescents living in rural communities in Ghana. Method. An intervention study was conducted among 137 adolescents; 69 were assigned to the intervention group and 68 to the control group. Participants and guardians in the intervention group were involved in the nutrition education programme for six months. Participants in both groups completed sociodemographic, knowledge of iron, and iron-rich food intake practice questionnaires at pre- and postintervention. Data were analyzed by chi-square and

t

-tests. Results. At postintervention, the mean knowledge score (

p
<
0.05

) in the intervention group and control group was

5.3
±
1.7

and

3.9
±
1.9

, respectively. Interventions (76%) and controls (46%) had good knowledge status. The mean knowledge score of participants with good knowledge status in the intervention group was

6.1
±
0.8

(

p
<
0.05

), and the control group was

5.6
±
0.7

(

p
<
0.05

). Forty-two percent of participants in the interventions and 26% in the controls had good food intake status. Participants with good food intake status had mean food intake scores of

3.2
±
0.4

(

p
<
0.05

) and

3.8
±
0.7

(

p
<
0.05

) for the intervention and control groups, respectively. Both groups increased and had the same mean food intake score (

1.5
±
1.4

,

p
>
0.05

), however, relatively higher in the intervention group. Conclusion. Nutrition education improved the knowledge of iron and iron-rich food intake practices of participants in the intervention group compared to the control group. Nutrition education should be a critical component in the management and prevention of micronutrient deficiency in adolescents.
Rapid and Green Methods for Qualitative Classification of Polygonati Rhizoma and Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma Using a Handheld near Infrared Instrument
Authors: Wang Fang , Hou Tingting , Luo Shulan , Geng Chunye , Chen Cunwu , Liu Dong , Han Bangxing , Gao Leilei
Published: March 2023

The confusing use of Polygonati Rhizoma (PR) and Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma (POR) poses an unpredictable threat to the health of consumers. Sensitive, nondestructive, rapid, and multicomponent techniques for their detection are sought after. In this study, a low-cost, short-wavelength (898–1668 nm), and handheld near-infrared (NIR) spectrometer combined with multivariate spectral evaluation methods was used to establish calibration models for identifying PR and POR. NIR spectra were treated with a standard normal variate (SNV) before performing chemometric approaches. Then principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were tested for calibration model development. The PCA results showed that spectral differences existed between the two herbs. However, the evaluation techniques could not separate them with the required accuracy. The PLS-DA calibration model, on the other hand, could separate the two herbs according to their spectral information with the prediction accuracy of >98.3%. Thus, it has been proven that a rapid, green, and low-cost method to support on-site and practical inspection through a handheld NIR instrument has been established to identify PR and POR and ensure the safety of the clinical medication.
Effect of COP1 in Promoting the Tumorigenesis of Gastric Cancer by Down‐Regulation of CDH18 via PI3K/AKT Signal Pathway
Authors: Zhao Benhuo , Wu Jiaojiao , Cha Xiuli , Mao Guangtong , Shi Hengliang , Fei Sujuan , Miao Bei
Published: March 2023

In recent years, the involvement of E3 ubiquitin ligase constitutive photomorphogenesis 1 (COP1) in the tumorigenesis of gastric cancer (GC) has been elucidated. However, the exact underlying mechanism remains to be clarified. In the present study, the expression profiles of COP1 in GC were derived from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases, followed by verification via immunohistochemical staining (IHC), Western blotting (WB), and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) reaction assays on clinical samples. In vitro, the gain‐ and loss‐of‐function experiments of COP1 protein were conducted to explore its role in GC cell lines HGC‐27 and SGC‐7901. Furthermore, we screened the interaction protein of COP1 by yeast two‐hybrid experiment and verified their combination by co‐immunoprecipitation (co‐IP). We preliminary explored the possible underlying mechanisms of COP1 protein in GC cell lines via WB. COP1 was upregulated in GC tissues compared with the corresponding non‐carcinoma tissues. In vitro, the upregulation of COP1 protein promoted the proliferation and migration of GC cells. The yeast two‐hybrid experiment and co‐IP indicated that Cadherin 18 (CDH18) could constitute a complex with COP1. Moreover, cells with COP1 over‐expression showed low levels of CDH18 expression, with the intracellular PI3K/AKT pathway activated and the malignancy of GC cell lines enhanced. Our findings demonstrated that COP1 promoted the GC tumorigenesis by downregulated CDH18 with the involvement of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in cell lines, suggesting the potential of COP1 as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for GC.
circSPECC1 Promotes Proliferation and Migration of LNCaP Prostate Cancer Cells by Affecting Their Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Xie Fangmei , Shen Jian , Han Zeping , Luo Wenfeng , Liao Liyin , He Jinhua
Published: March 2023

Objective. To determine the effects of circSPECC1 (hsa_circ_0000745) on the proliferation and migration of LNCaP prostate cancer cells and to explore the potential molecular mechanism. Methods. Stable circSPECC1 shRNA-expressing and circSPECC1-overexpressing LNCaP cell lines were constructed, and relative gene expression levels were determined by RT-PCR. MTT and clonogenic assays were used to assess proliferative ability while a scratch test was used to analyze cell migration. Western blotting was used to determine protein expression levels. The effects of circSPECC1 on the proliferation of LNCaP prostate cancer cells were observed in vivo. Results. circSPECC1 was found to be derived from the SPECC1 (sperm antigen with calponin homology and coiled-coil domains 1) parent gene and to form a loop. Overexpression of circSPECC1 promoted the proliferation and migration of the LNCaP cells, whereas decreased expression of circSPECC1 inhibited these properties. Overexpression of circSPECC1 promoted the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, VEGF, vimentin, and N-cad but downregulated the expression of E-cad. Decreased expression of circSPECC1 inhibited the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, VEGF, vimentin, and N-cad but increased the expression of E-cad. Conclusion. circSPECC1 promotes cell proliferation and migration by affecting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of LNCaP prostate cancer cells.
Develop and Validate a Risk Score in Predicting Renal Failure in Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
Authors: Cai Yikai , Liu Yunzi , Tong Jun , Jin Yuanmeng , Liu Jian , Hao Xu , Ji Yinhong , Ma Jun , Pan Xiaoxia , Chen Nan , Ren Hong , Xie Jingyuan
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The aim of this study was to develop and validate a risk score (RS) for end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). Methods: Patient with biopsy-proven FSGS was enrolled. All the patients were allocated 1:1 to the two groups according to their baseline gender, age, and baseline creatinine level by using a stratified randomization method. ESKD was the primary endpoint. Results: We recruited 359 FSGS patients, and 177 subjects were assigned to group 1 and 182 to group 2. The clinicopathological variables were similar between two groups. There were 23 (13%) subjects reached to ESKD in group 1 and 22 (12.1%) in group 2. By multivariate Cox regression analyses, we established RS 1 and RS 2 in groups 1 and 2, respectively. RS 1 consists of five parameters including lower eGFR, higher urine protein, MAP, IgG level, and tubulointerstitial lesion (TIL) score; RS 2 also consists of five predictors including lower C3, higher MAP, IgG level, hemoglobin, and TIL score. RS 1 and RS 2 were cross-validated between these two groups, showing RS 1 had better performance in predicting 5-year ESKD in group 1 (c statics, 0.86 [0.74–0.98] vs. 0.82 [0.69–0.95]) and group 2 (c statics, 0.91 [0.83–0.99] vs. 0.89 [0.79–0.99]) compared to RS 2. We then stratified the risk factors into four groups, and Kaplan-Meier survival curve revealed that patients progressed to ESKD increased as risk levels increased. Conclusions: A predictive model incorporated clinicopathological feature was developed and validated for the prediction of ESKD in FSGS patients.
Impact of Changes in Human Airway Epithelial Cellular Composition and Differentiation on SARS-CoV-2 Infection Biology
Authors: Thaler Melissa , Wang Ying , van der Does Anne M. , Faiz Alen , Ninaber Dennis K. , Ogando Natacha S. , Beckert Hendrik , Taube Christian , Salgado-Benvindo Clarisse , Snijder Eric J. , Bredenbeek Peter J. , Hiemstra Pieter S. , van Hemert Martijn J.
Published: March 2023

The consequences of infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can range from asymptomatic to fatal disease. Variations in epithelial susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection depend on the anatomical location from the proximal to distal respiratory tract. However, the cellular biology underlying these variations is not completely understood. Thus, air-liquid interface cultures of well-differentiated primary human tracheal and bronchial epithelial cells were employed to study the impact of epithelial cellular composition and differentiation on SARS-CoV-2 infection by transcriptional (RNA sequencing) and immunofluorescent analyses. Changes of cellular composition were investigated by varying time of differentiation or by using specific compounds. We found that SARS-CoV-2 primarily infected not only ciliated cells but also goblet cells and transient secretory cells. Viral replication was impacted by differences in cellular composition, which depended on culturing time and anatomical origin. A higher percentage of ciliated cells correlated with a higher viral load. However, DAPT treatment, which increased the number of ciliated cells and reduced goblet cells, decreased viral load, indicating the contribution of goblet cells to infection. Cell entry factors, especially cathepsin L and transmembrane protease serine 2, were also affected by differentiation time. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that viral replication is affected by changes in cellular composition, especially in cells related to the mucociliary system. This could explain in part the variable susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection between individuals and between anatomical locations in the respiratory tract.
Artificial Diuresis: Animal Studies on Efficacy and Safety of a New Miniaturized Device for Extracorporeal Ultrafiltration
Authors: Lorenzin Anna , Sgarabotto Luca , Bacci Maria Laura , Elmi Alberto , Ventrella Domenico , Aniballi Camilla , Zanella Monica , Brendolan Alessandra , Di Lullo Luca , Ronco Claudio
Published: March 2023

Introduction: We have recently developed a new miniaturized device for extracorporeal ultrafiltration (UF) to be used in patients with fluid overload: Artificial Diuresis-1 (AD1) (Medica S.p.A., Medolla, Italy). The device has a reduced priming volume, operates at very low pressures and flow regimes, and is designed to perform extracorporeal UF at bedside. After accurate experiments were carried out in vitro, we report in this paper the results of in vivo UF sessions carried out in selected animals according to veterinary best practice. Materials and Methods: The AD1 kit is pre-filled with sterile isotonic solution and operates with a polysulfone mini-filter, MediSulfone (polysulfone at 50,000 Dalton). A collection bag with a volumetric scale is connected to the UF line, and the ultrafiltrate is obtained by gravity based on the height at which the ultrafiltrate collection bag is placed. Animals were prepared and anesthetized. The jugular vein was cannulated with a double-lumen catheter. Three 6-h sessions of UF were scheduled with a target fluid removal of 1,500 mL. Heparin was used as anticoagulant. Results: In all treatments, the target value of UF was obtained in the absence of major clinical or technical problems with a maximum deviation from the scheduled UF rate lower than 10%. The device resulted to be safe, reliable, accurate, and easily usable thanks to a user-friendly interface and its very small dimensions. Conclusions: This study opens the way for clinical trials in different settings including departments with low intensity of care and even in ambulatory centers or patient’s home.
Image preprocessing and hyperparameter optimization on pretrained model MobileNetV2 in white blood cell image classification
Authors: R. Togatorop Parmonangan , Pratama Yohanssen , Monica Sianturi Astri , Sari Pasaribu Mega , Sangmajadi Sinaga Pebri
Published: March 2023

White blood cells play a role in maintaining the immune system which consists of several types such as neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils and basophils. MobileNetV2 is one of the pretrained convolutional neural network (CNN) models that provides excellent advantages and performance in classifying images. In this research was conducted to find out how to apply optimization hyperparameters and the impact of image processing on white blood cell image classification using MobileNetV2, so that it is expected to find a combination of preprocessing and combination of hyperparameter values that can produce the highest accuracy value. To maximize the classification process, before classifying the image, several stages of image preprocessing are carried out, namely cropping, grayscale, resizing and augmentation. Hyperparameter tuning was carried out for an experiment to improve model performance. The three main parameters used in hyperparameter tuning are learning rate, batch size, and number of epochs. Performance optimization model performance will be measured using accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and using a confusion matrix. Based on the experimental results in this study, it shows that the best learning rate value is 0.00001, the best batch size value is 32, and the best epoch value is 250.
An adaptable sentence segmentation based on Indonesian rules
Authors: Petrus Johannes , Ermatita Ermatita , Sukemi Sukemi , Erwin Erwin
Published: March 2023

Sentence segmentation that breaks textual data strings into individual sentences is an important phase in natural language processing (NLP). Each word in the string that is added a punctuation mark such as a period, question mark, or exclamation point, becomes the location for splitting the string. Humans can easily see the punctuation and split the string into sentences, but not machines. Basically, the three punctuation marks also perform other functions so that the sentence segmentation process must really be able to detect whether a word marked with punctuation is a sentence boundary or not. This research proposes a sentence segmentation system called segmentasi kalimat bahasa Indonesia (SKBI) or Indonesian language Sentence Segmentation by applying a set of rules and can be used in Indonesian texts and can be adapted for English. There are 34 rules built with a combination of 27 fairly complete features that contribute to this research. The experimental results for the Indonesian text show that the SKBI is able to achieve an F1-Score of 96.89% and 97.07% for English. Both need to be improved but now better than previous research.
Dois novos mechanitididae do Brasil (lep. Mechanitididae)
Authors: D'Almeida R. Ferreira
Published: March 2023

.
Vacinação compulsória no Brasil: uma reflexão bioética sobre a medida
Authors: Novais Maria Karolina Ohnesorge , Zaganelli Margareth Vetis
Published: March 2023

This article aimed to discuss the compulsory application of vaccines in Brazil in the light of bioethical principles. Historical developments related to the handling of immunizers in the country were analyzed and interferences of the principles proposed by bioethics regarding the safe and effective application of the vaccine were identified. Also, reinforcing the notoriety of the theme in the current scenario, a debate was presented about the new perspectives that the Covid-19 pandemic provided with regard to compulsory vaccination. Finally, the role of the State was examined regarding the balance to be found in the search for the consolidation of the health rights inherent to the social body and the duties of public entities, through the National Immunization Program, in guaranteeing the excellent application of the Citizen Constitution of 1988. The research has a qualitative approach built from a bibliographic review with an  integrative nature. As a conclusion, this study reveals the elementary nature of mandatory vaccination campaigns, especially in scenarios of population uncertainty regarding the safety of immunizers in which the role of government entities is emphasized by the necessary conservation of public health.
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism rs9277336 Controls the Nuclear Alpha Actinin 4‐Human Leukocyte Antigen‐DPA1 Axis and Pulmonary Endothelial Pathophenotypes in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Hafeez Neha , Kirillova Anna , Yue Yunshan , Rao Rashmi J. , Kelly Neil J. , El Khoury Wadih , Al Aaraj Yassmin , Tai Yi‐Yin , Handen Adam , Tang Ying , Jiang Danli , Wu Ting , Zhang Yingze , McNamara Dennis , Kudryashova Tatiana V. , Goncharova Elena A. , Goncharov Dmitry , Bertero Thomas , Nouraie Mehdi , Li Gang , Sun Wei , Chan Stephen Y.
Published: March 2023

Background

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a complex, fatal disease where disease severity has been associated with the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2856830, located near the human leukocyte antigen DPA1 (HLA‐DPA1) gene. We aimed to define the genetic architecture of functional variants associated with PAH disease severity by identifying allele‐specific binding transcription factors and downstream targets that control endothelial pathophenotypes and PAH.

Methods and Results

Electrophoretic mobility shift assays of oligonucleotides containing SNP rs2856830 and 8 SNPs in linkage disequilibrium revealed functional SNPs via allele‐imbalanced binding to human pulmonary arterial endothelial cell nuclear proteins. DNA pulldown proteomics identified SNP‐binding proteins. SNP genotyping and clinical correlation analysis were performed in 84 patients with PAH at University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and in 679 patients with PAH in the
All of Us
database. SNP rs9277336 was identified as a functional SNP in linkage disequilibrium (
r
2
>0.8) defined by rs2856830, and the minor allele was associated with decreased hospitalizations and improved cardiac output in patients with PAH, an index of disease severity. SNP pulldown proteomics showed allele‐specific binding of nuclear ACTN4 (alpha actinin 4) protein to rs9277336 minor allele. Both ACTN4 and HLA‐DPA1 were downregulated in pulmonary endothelium in human patients and rodent models of PAH. Via transcriptomic and phenotypic analyses, knockdown of HLA‐DPA1 phenocopied knockdown of ACTN4, both similarly controlling cell structure pathways, immune pathways, and endothelial dysfunction.

Conclusions

We defined the pathogenic activity of functional SNP rs9277336, entailing the allele‐specific binding of ACTN4 and controlling expression of the neighboring HLA‐DPA1 gene. Through inflammatory or genetic means, downregulation of this ACTN4‐HLA‐DPA1 regulatory axis promotes endothelial pathophenotypes, providing a mechanistic explanation for the association between this SNP and PAH outcomes.
EXPLORING THE INTERSECTION OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND SOCIAL POLICY IN TÜRKİYE: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE
Authors: YAVUZ Kübra , ÇELİK Abdulhalim
Published: March 2023

In this article, we examine the current state of climate change and social policy in Turkey. Turkey is geographically located in one of the world's most vulnerable regions to the effects of climate change. However, it has been slow to implement concrete policy measures in response to climate change. Policies similar to international efforts to intervene in climate change have been adopted, and institutions have been established, particularly since the early 2000s. However, little consideration is given to the impact of this urgent problem on social policies and the role of social policies in addressing it. This article examines the difficulties Turkey faces in addressing climate change, including political and economic barriers, as well as the various social and environmental effects of the problem on the population. Finally, the article concludes by discussing the responsibilities in the climate change action plan from a social policy standpoint.
Static and dynamic functional connectome reveals reconfiguration profiles of whole-brain network across cognitive states
Authors: Zhang Heming , Meng Chun , Di Xin , Wu Xiao , Biswal Bharat
Published: March 2023

Assessment of functional connectivity (FC) has revealed a great deal of knowledge about the macroscale spatiotemporal organization of the brain network. Recent studies found task-versus-rest network reconfigurations were crucial for cognitive functioning. However, brain network reconfiguration remains unclear among different cognitive states, considering both aggregate and time-resolved FC profiles. The current study utilized static FC (sFC, i.e., long timescale aggregate FC) and sliding window–based dynamic FC (dFC, i.e., short timescale time-varying FC) approaches to investigate the similarity and alterations of edge weights and network topology at different cognitive loads, particularly their relationships with specific cognitive process. Both dFC/sFC networks showed subtle but significant reconfigurations that correlated with task performance. At higher cognitive load, brain network reconfiguration displayed increased functional integration in the sFC-based aggregate network, but faster and larger variability of modular reorganization in the dFC-based time-varying network, suggesting difficult tasks require more integrated and flexible network reconfigurations. Moreover, sFC-based network reconfigurations mainly linked with the sensorimotor and low-order cognitive processes, but dFC-based network reconfigurations mainly linked with the high-order cognitive process. Our findings suggest that reconfiguration profiles of sFC/dFC networks provide specific information about cognitive functioning, which could potentially be used to study brain function and disorders.
Interfaith Marriage in Indonesia: Polemics and Perspectives of Religious Leaders and Community Organizations
Authors: Adil Muhammad , Jamil Syahril
Published: March 2023

The increasing number of interfaith marriages has recently sparked polemics in society. This study aims to investigate the polemics between the ulama (Muslim religious scholars) and interfaith marriage counseling activists and discuss the arguments among religious community organizations and activists supporting interfaith marriage. In addition, this research also investigates how polemics were conveyed through online media. The present investigation was based on a qualitative approach, administering data sources in the form of observations on online media regarding interfaith marriage. Data analysis employed an interpretive method involving three stages: restatement, description, and interpretation. The restatement was accomplished by citing online news containing arguments relevant to this research’s theme. The description was conducted by correlating all research data to find patterns of information. The interpretation was constructed by focusing on the social context of the data to reveal the meaning behind experts’ statements or ideas and to draw conclusions afterward. The results indicated concerns regarding the understanding and practice in a society where interfaith marriage was assumed to be permissible. In addition, the organizations supporting interfaith marriage viewed the Marriage Law as multi-interpretable and sparked controversies in the community.
China’s Bifurcated Space Diplomacy and Institutional Density
Authors: Li Kunhan , Mayer Maximilian
Published: March 2023

This article compares two central pillars of China’s space programme and observes that Chinese space diplomacy is not uniform regarding international scientific co-operation either in its approaches or in results. In the case of the Chinese Space Station programme, the China National Space Administration went through existing United Nations (UN) channels and successfully attracted international partners. However, the International Lunar Research Station has avoided UN channels and used national and bilateral platforms. This bifurcation in approaches and results offers an intriguing puzzle concerning international co-operation: practices of institutionalised multilateral co-operation and areas of state-centric bilateral co-operation co-exist in this case and further complicate the issue of space diplomacy. To propose a potential explanation, it is argued here that a crucial intermediate variable — institutional density — requires further theorising, as it seems to influence strategic choices about space diplomacy, which may lead to success or failure.
The dolor, ira and Vengeance Cycle in Paul the Deacon’s Historia Langobardorum
Authors: Demarchi Nicole
Published: March 2023

This essay explores the role and meaning of the emotional term dolor in the scenarios of vengeance represented by the Lombard scholar Paul the Deacon (c.720–799) in his work Historia Langobardorum. First, after contextualising the work and analysing the concept of aristocratic honour and vengeance outlined by the author in the text, this essay examines the episodes in which dolor is associated with revenge. Second, starting from the work itself, the paper constructs the emotional script of dolor, namely the little scenario that a character plays out – as sequences of events, actions and social interactions – when he or she feels this emotion. Finally, it examines how the author evaluates dolor positively or negatively in relation to social and gender norms.
Validation of Illicium × rubellum (Schisandraceae), a natural hybrid from Taiwan
Authors: HUANG WEI-JIE , CHUNG SHIH-WEN
Published: March 2023

Illicium × rubellum nom. nud. was proposed based on a single individual without description and indication of type. In this paper we report two additional populations of this hybrid found in Taiwan. The morphology of leaf and flower is intermediate between I. arborescens and I. anisatum. Molecular data from ITS sequence of nuclear ribosomal DNA also suggests its hybrid origin. Here we validate this name with a formal description and type designation. This is the first report of natural hybrid species in Illicium and Schisandraceae. Detailed morphology comparison and illustrations are also provided.
Rediscovery of Impatiens parvifolia and reinstatement of I. omissa (Balsaminaceae) in India
Authors: MELESUPARAMBIL ANIRUDHAN ANITHA , MANI BINCE , GNANASEKARAN GUNADAYALAN , THOMAS SINJUMOL
Published: March 2023

Impatiens parvifolia (Balsaminaceae) is recollected from the type locality and adjacent to the type locality after almost 160 years in addition to the resurrection of a less-known endemic species, I. omissa as a distinct species from the former based on detailed morphological study of type specimens deposited in different herbaria and fresh collections from the type locality. Further, the taxonomy of both species is discussed here with a detailed description, colour photographs, illustrations, and a taxonomic key showing distinguishing characters between these species.
Two new species and a new record of Omaliini McLeay, 1825 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Omaliinae) from Indonesia
Authors: SHAVRIN ALEXEY V.
Published: March 2023

Two new species of Omaliini McLeay, 1825 from Indonesia are described and illustrated: Nipponophloeostiba explanata sp. n. from Bali and Phloeostiba mamasa sp. n. from Sulawesi. Nipponophloeostiba longilobata Shavrin, 2020 and the genus Phloeostiba Thomson, 1858 are recorded from Indonesia for the first time.
In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Anti-Tumor Biological Functions of Enolase Targeted Peptide Modified Oxaliplatin-Loaded Fe3O4 Nanoparticles Alongside with Photothermal Radiotherapy
Authors: Li Siyang , Yan Yuhui , Zhu Dongqing
Published: March 2023

The goal of this research is to explore the anticancer effects of α-enolase targeted peptide (ETP) modified oxaliplatin-loaded Fe3O4 nanoparticles (ETP-PtFe NPs) and their synthesis, characterization, biological function, and characterization on breast
cancer. The ETP-PtFe NPs were studied using transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, zeta potential analysis, and ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy. Nanocomplexes’ cytotoxicity and cell cycle distribution were studied utilizing flow cytometry tests in a total of
eight trials. A unilateral subcutaneous tumor-bearing rat was created to test the anticancer effects of ETP-PtFe NPs In Vivo. In combination with near-infrared light irradiation, ETP-PtFe suppressed the proliferation of 4TI and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells much more than the pure
material group in the CCK8 experiment. ETP-PtFe and NIR light irradiation significantly suppressed 4TI and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle compared to the pure material group. This study found that ETP-PtFe combination with near infrared light irradiation
was more effective In Vivo against tumors in mice with unilateral subcutaneous tumors than normal saline combined with near infrared light irradiation. The anticancer and photothermal effects of the ETP-PtFe nanocomposite In Vitro and In Vivo provide a promising notion
and technique for non-invasive early diagnosis and non-surgical treatment of breast cancer’s primary tumor.
p53/p21 Inhibits Osteoarthritis Progression by Regulating Chondrocyte Pyroptosis
Authors: Chen Yi-Peng , Wang Xin-Yu , Ma Yong-Li , Wen Wen , Fang Xin-Hua , Wu Min , Dai Shi-Jie , He Jun-Fei
Published: March 2023

This study aimed to explore the role of p53/p21 in osteoarthritis (OA). OA animal model was established by the anterior cruciate ligamentotomy (ACLT). 24 rats were randomly divided into control, OA, OA+p53 inhibitor and OA+pyroptosis inducer groups (n = 6). In the knee joint
tissue, microstructural changes were analysed by Micro-CT. Histopathological changes were stained by HE and safranin-fast green. NLRP3 and Caspase-1 were detected by immunohistochemistry. The chondrocytes C-28I2 were divided into control, LPS+ ATP and p53 inhibitor groups. The cell viability,
apoptosis, and LDH release were measured by MTT assay, TUNEL staining and LDH kit. The expression of p53/p21 and pyroptosis pathways were examined by western blot. The p53 inhibitor reduced the relative volume of trabecular bone (BV/TV) and trabecular bone thickness (Tb.Th), while increased
trabecular separation (Tb.Sp). Moreover, the p53 inhibitor improved histopathological changes in the knee joint, attenuated cartilage damage, and reduced the expression of p53/p21 and pyroptosis pathways-related proteins. In vitro assay showed that the p53 inhibitor increased C-28I2
cell activity, reduced LDH release and apoptosis and reduced p53/p21 and pyroptosis pathways-related proteins. Totally, p53 inhibitors improved the cartilage tissue and chondrocyte damage, inhibited cell pyroptosis and the progression of OA.
“I’m Fixing a Hole Where the Rain Gets in, and Stops My Mind from Wandering”: Approaching Sustainable Climate Change Adaptations
Authors: Aall Carlo , Meyer-Habighorst Christiane , Gram-Hanssen Irmelin , Korsbrekke Mari Hanssen , Hovelsrud Grete
Published: March 2023

Sustainable development is a challenging field of research, colored by the paradoxes of modernity and development, and the trade-offs involved in balancing the “sustainable” and “development” sides of the various sustainable development goals. We must take these overarching challenges into account when entering a more specific discussion of what a concept of sustainable climate change adaptation may entail. This article reviews the history of this concept, including insights provided by the recent publications composing a special collection of Weather, Climate, and Society on the topic of sustainable climate change adaptation. This collection reflects on why and how the term sustainable development should be included in our understandings of and efforts toward climate change adaptation and proposes a preliminary framework for distinguishing between conventional and sustainable adaptation.

Significance Statement

This article reviews the history of the term “sustainable climate change adaptation” and reflects on the relationship between sustainable development and climate change adaptation efforts. It ends by proposing a framework for distinguishing between conventional and sustainable adaptation.
Investigation of the resin infusion process and mechanical performance of carbon fiber reinforced plastic composites from recycled carbon fiber
Authors: David Francesco , Pizzi Elisa , Trovalusci Federica
Published: March 2023

The disposal of Fiber Reinforced Composites (FRCs) waste is becoming a very critical aspect, from both a technical and an economic point of view, due to the continuous increase of the production of such a class of materials. Thus, the possibility to produce new composites by employing recycled materials is a crucial aspect both to guarantee the circularity of the manufacturing processes and the reduction of costs. In this work, the manufacturing process, together with the performance of a carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) laminate obtained by employing into sandwich structures a novel commercial recycled non-woven carbon fabric with an epoxy resin, have been investigated. The fabrication process based on the Resin Infusion under Flexible Tooling (RIFT) has been selected and performed in different conditions. The mechanical behavior of the resulting laminates has been investigated by quasi-static tensile, and flexural characterization, to evaluate both the optimal conditions for the process, and the possible anisotropy of the product. Moreover, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was applied to complete the post-processing characterization of the resulting laminate by determining the actual carbon fibers (CFs) content, thus, to validate the reproducibility of the manufacturing process. The laminates obtained by the RIFT method exhibited good mechanical properties and isotropy if cross-ply stratification is adopted. The use of recycled CFs allows high sustainability and reduced cost for the composites, making the RIFT method investigated a scalable process and the so-manufactured products a valid candidate for numerous applications.
Risk Factors in Japanese Drug Overdose Patients: Identifying Their Associations With Suicide Risk
Authors: Okamoto Naomichi , Ikenouchi Atsuko , Chibaatar Enkhmurun , Watanabe Keita , Igata Ryohei , Seki Issei , Yoshimura Reiji
Published: March 2023

Several suicide attempts presented at the emergency department are due to drug overdose associated with psychiatric disorders. We examined and identified the major risk factors among Japanese drug overdose patients and several close associations of suicide risk. We enrolled 101 patients who attempted suicide by drug overdose between January 2015 and April 2018, assessed their background using the SAD PERSONS scale, and performed association rule analysis to characterize the major risk factors and their associations. We identified three main nodes—depressive state, social support lacking, and no spouse—as considerable risk factors. Furthermore, we identified several close associations of suicide risk and their intensity; in cases with previous suicide attempts and ethanol abuse or substance use, a simultaneous social support lacking is likely. These findings align with previous studies that used conventional statistical analysis on suicide and suicide attempt risk and highlight its importance.
Beyond boundaries? Disability, DIY and punk pedagogies
Authors: Stewart Francis , Way Laura
Published: March 2023

DIY is often viewed as a core element of punk, an aspect that enabled activism against an assumed authority and power (Guerra, 2018; Martin-Iverson, 2017). It is therefore often lauded as a means of engaging with/utilising punk in a pedagogical sense (Bestley, 2017; Cordova, 2016). It should be capable of working in tandem with education in developing and encouraging the ‘movement against and beyond boundaries’ (hooks, 1994). However, this is not necessarily simple or straightforward to realise through one’s own pedagogical practices, especially when one considers them through an intersectional lens. We argue that punk scholarship on DIY fails to account for its capacity to support ableist ideologies and structures - incorporating it into punk pedagogy in an uncritical manner risks further deepening asymmetrical power relations in regards to disability and the adversity that people with disability experience. We utilise collaborative auto-ethnography to unpack some of the complexities involved in pursuing punk pedagogical practices and unpacking the aforementioned critique of DIY further. We consider how DIY can/could potentially be a powerful, empowering pedagogical tool and consider the ways DIY purports a damaging, ableist narrative, which at times can even aid the neoliberal agenda within higher education. The necessity for punk pedagogies to be underpinned by considerations of intersectional issues, both from the viewpoint of the teacher and the students, is demonstrated through our use of critical disability theory as an analytical tool.
The Great Ecological Transformation
Authors: Moltmann Jürgen , Lösel (Translator) Steffen
Published: March 2023

This article offers a theological rationale for engaging in a great ecological transformation. The author argues that this transformation cannot be achieved solely with technological means. Rather, we need far more than a great industrial transformation. We also need ecological justice that gives the nature of the earth and the animals their rights; recognition that ecological justice is related to social justice and, especially, to the rights of future generations; a new understanding of nature that liberates the nature of the earth from its modern, alienated status as a mere object; a new understanding of humanity that embeds human beings in the community of creation; and finally, a new cosmic spirituality that sanctifies lived life and engenders “respect for life” for everything that lives.
The distribution of cognates and their impact on response accuracy in the EIKEN tests
Authors: Allen David , Nakamura Keita
Published: March 2023

Although there is abundant evidence for the use of first-language (L1) knowledge by bilinguals when using a second language (L2), investigation into the impact of L1 knowledge in large-scale L2 language assessments and discussion of how such impact may be controlled has received little attention in the language assessment literature. This study examines these issues through investigating the use of L1-Japanese loanword knowledge in test items targeting L2-English lexical knowledge in the Reading section of EIKEN grade-level tests, which are primarily taken by Japanese learners of English. First, the proportion of English target words that have loanwords in Japanese was determined through analysis of corpus-derived wordlists, revealing that the distribution of such items is broadly similar to that in language in general. Second, the impact of loanword frequency in Japanese (and cognate status) was demonstrated through statistical analysis of response data for the items. Taken together, the findings highlight the scope and impact of such cognate items in large-scale language assessments. Discussion centers on how test developers can and/or should deal with the inclusion of cognate words in terms of context validity and test fairness.
Path tracking control of unmanned ground vehicles considering the signal time delay
Authors: Bai Guoxing , Meng Yu , Liu Li , Wang Guodong , Huang Jianxiu , Zheng Haoqing
Published: March 2023

Research on path tracking control of unmanned ground vehicles based on control methods such as model predictive control (MPC) is gradually prosperous. However, the problem caused by the signal time delay has not been taken seriously. It is found that the iterative mechanism of MPC is beneficial for solving this problem, and proposed a solution based on this mechanism. The principle of this solution is to use the control inputs of previous control periods as the inputs of the iteration periods of the prediction model corresponding to the signal time delay. So that the start moment of the iteration period where the first value of the control input sequence of the current control period is located can correspond to the moment when the control input arrives at the vehicle precisely. Based on this solution, a nonlinear MPC (NMPC) controller is designed and verified by co-simulation with MATLAB and Carsim. The simulation results show that the proposed controller can complete the path tracking control in the system with the signal time delay which the traditional NMPC controller and Stanley controller fail, and has high accuracy and real-time performance. In all simulation results, the absolute value of the displacement error does not exceed 0.2622 m, the absolute value of the heading error does not exceed 0.0909 rad, and the solution cost in each control period does not exceed 13 ms. Furthermore, it is also confirmed that the performance of this solution is superior to other solutions dealing with signal time delay.
Analysis of magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid flow over irregular boundaries of Riga plate with thermal radiation and suction/injection
Authors: Gnanaprasanna K. , Govindaraj N. , Govindhasamy Iyyappan , Singh Abhishek K. , Shukla Pankaj
Published: March 2023

The current study pivoted on the numerical simulation of magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid flow through the irregular boundary over the Riga plate with heat radiation, suction/injection. The governing equations of continuity, momentum, and energy are constructed to be nonlinear in nature, based on the current problem. The combination of Quasilinear technique with finite difference method using irregular boundaries has been used to solve the governing equations. The velocity profile is enhanced for incremented values of Hartman number. The thermal radiation parameter due to Rosseland approximations is enhanced for temperature and concentration profiles whereas it declines the heat transfer and mass transfer profiles. Temperature, concentration, and heat transfer rates increase for augmented magnetic parameter values, but velocity and skin friction coefficient profiles show the opposite behaviour. The enhanced values of Biot number along with suction/injection parameter reduces the values of skin friction coefficient. The radiation parameter helps to drop the energy rate in the fluid flow as it reduced the skin friction coefficient values. The upsurged values of the thermal radiation parameter along with electromagnetic parameter decreases the values of the Nusselt number.
Overview of organisational methods of primary cervical lesion screening programmes that use human papillomavirus testing
Authors: Marchadier Agathe , Bezannier Laura , Barré-Pierrel Stéphanie , Manceau Antoine , A Abadie Audrey , Detournay Bruno
Published: March 2023

Many factors need to be considered when planning and managing a screening programme for the early detection of cervical cancer (CC). A non-systematic international review of the organisation of CC screening using high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV-HR) testing, aimed at identifying the organisational methods of these programmes, was conducted with a view to supporting the future of the French system in the context of the transition to HPV-HR testing. In countries where HPV testing has been implemented or planned, the initial reflection process has provided an opportunity to rethink the previous (cytological) screening organisation. Despite considerable differences between countries, a nationally or regionally centralised organisational model appears to be the preferred option in most countries. This model is based on a national/regional structure tasked with all invitations, reminders, follow-up and coordination, centralised laboratories integrating both biology and pathology laboratories, and a unified information system integrated with routine health management tools used by health practitioners and nurses. Besides quality considerations, grouped purchasing makes it possible to implement a public procurement policy that includes price negotiations with suppliers. Discussions around the introduction of HPV testing have resulted in most countries reviewing or creating information systems and quality assurance processes. While the WHO seems to recommend the systematic use of vaginal self-sampling, very few countries have considered this option. More and more countries are planning to implement vaginal self-sampling, but no clear organisational model has emerged from the countries where it has been implemented to date.