bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Non Performing Financing, Capital Adequacy Ratio dan Bopo terhadap Profitabilitas Bank Syariah di Indonesia
Authors: Roosmawarni Anita
Published: January 2022

This study aims to examine the effect of Non-Performing Financing (NPF), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), and Operating Costs per Operating Income (BOPO) on Return On Assets (ROA). Non-Performing Financing (NPF), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) and Operating Costs per Operating Income (BOPO) have an effect on Return On Assets (ROA). Partially, Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) has no effect on Return On Assets (ROA) and vice versa Non-Performing Financing (NPF) and Operating Costs per Operating Income (BOPO) affect Return On Assets (ROA).
Postharvest quality and shelf life of Passiflora cincinnata BRS Sertão Forte fruits according to type of fertilization and storage
Authors: Rinaldi Maria Madalena , Costa Ana Maria , Malaquias Juaci Vitória , Martins Eder de Souza
Published: January 2022

Abstract The present study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics and shelf life of P. cincinnata BRS Sertão Forte fruits produced with conventional fertilization recommended for passion fruit, conventional organic fertilization, organic fertilization enriched with biotite schist, conventional fertilization with replacement of the potassium source and chemical fertilization only and the mineral nutrition of plants stored under ambient and refrigerated conditions. Analyses of pH, soluble solids, titratable acidity, ratio, color, texture and mass loss were performed. Fertilizers differed in terms of nutrient absorption associated with protein synthesis (N, S, B, Cu, Mn, Zn), especially where soil remineralizer was applied. Treatments without fertilization and that with organic fertilization enriched with biotite schist soil remineralizer also positively influenced fruit physicochemical properties such as color and texture. Fruits stored under refrigeration conditions showed the best results for the conservation of their qualitative characteristics. Under the conditions of the present study, it could be concluded that the postharvest life of P. cincinnata fruits stored under refrigeration at 100C is at least 60 days. This period is 30 days under ambient conditions.
Edaphic fauna and physico-chemical atributes of soil in different phytophysionomies of Cerrado
Authors: Silva Raimunda A. , Siqueira Glécio M.
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT The edaphic community comprises several organisms that perform ecological functions in the environment, such as litter fragmentation, nutrient cycling, and modifications of soil structure, in addition to acting as food chain regulators. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the composition of the edaphic fauna and the physical and chemical attributes of soil in different physiognomies of Cerrado in the Parque Estadual do Mirador (PEM). The study was carried out in two Cerrado formations (Sparse Cerrado and Typical Cerrado) in PEM, where 100 pitfall traps were installed. The edaphic organisms were screened and identified in terms of orders, suborders, subfamilies, families, abundance, richness, Shannon diversity, and Pielou’s equitability. A total of 4,149 individuals were collected from two experimental plots. The plot in the Typical Cerrado showed greater taxonomic richness (25 groups) and greater Shannon diversity (H’ = 1.65), while the plot in Sparse Cerrado presented 19 edaphic groups and Shannon diversity equal to H’ = 1.51. The factorial exploration explained 84.43% of the original data from the Sparse Cerrado and 90.84% from the Typical Cerrado. It is concluded that the plot in the Typical Cerrado showed greater differences in terms of richness and abundance due to the more favorable conditions for soil fauna, such as a high content of organic material and greater vegetation cover.
Growth, nutrient accumulation and yield of onion as a function of micronutrient fertilization
Authors: Bertino Nubia M. F. , Grangeiro Leilson C. , Costa João P. N. da , Costa Romualdo M. C. , Lacerda Rodolfo R. de A. , Gomes Victor E. de V.
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT Micronutrients structurally constitute several enzymes and act as a cofactor of essential proteins to maintain cell function, thereby contributing to crop growth and yield. The objective of this study was to evaluate the leaf content, growth, accumulation of micronutrients, classification and yield of onion as a function of fertilization with boron, cooper and zinc in two years of cultivation. The experiments were carried out from June to November in 2018 and 2019, in a soil classified as Ultisol, both at the Rafael Fernandes Experimental Farm, belonging to the Universidade Federal Rural do Semiárido, in the municipality of Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with 15 treatments and four replicates. The treatments consisted of application of doses of B, Cu and Zn, in two experiments. Contents of B, Cu and Zn in the diagnostic leaf, growth, accumulation of B, Cu and Zn in the leaf, bulb and total, classification and commercial, non-commercial and total yields were evaluated. Application of B, Cu and Zn did not influence the number of leaves, relation of bulb shape, leaf, bulb, and total dry mass and yield of onion. Application of B, Cu and Zn, respectively at doses of 1-2-1 kg ha-1 favored a greater accumulation of B, Zn and Cu in the bulb. Higher number of leaves, leaf dry mass, bulb dry mass, total dry mass, class 1 bulbs and non-commercial yield were produced in Experiment 1.
Gas exchange in yellow passion fruit under irrigation water salinity and nitrogen fertilization
Authors: Wanderley José A. C. , Azevedo Carlos A. V. de , Brito Marcos E. B. , Ferreira Fagner N. , Cordão Mailson A. , Lima Robson F. de
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the gas exchange of ‘Redondo Amarelo’ passion fruit seedlings under the mitigating action of nitrogen fertilization on the salinity of irrigation water. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse of the Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (CCTA-UFCG), Campus of Pombal, PB, Brazil, The experimental design was in randomized blocks, split plots, comprising five irrigation water electrical conductivities (plot) (ECw) (0.3; 1.0; 1.7; 2.4 and 3.1 dS m-1) and five doses of nitrogen (subplot) (60; 80; 100; 120 and 140% of 300 mg of N dm-3), in five blocks. Plants were grown in pots (Citropote JKS®) with volume of 3.780 mL, filled with soil, bovine manure, wood shavings in a proportion of 2:1:0.5 (mass basis), respectively. Water with salinity levels was applied in the period from 40 to 85 days after sowing. The internal CO2 concentration, transpiration, stomatal conductance and photosynthesis were measured at 55 and 70 days after sowing. There was an attenuating effect of nitrogen doses at irrigation water electrical conductivities of 1.7 and 2.4 dS m-1 on photosynthesis at 55 DAS. Irrigation water salinity reduces most of the variables evaluated, especially at the highest level studied (3.1 dS m-1).
Seasonal intensity-duration-frequency relationships for Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Authors: Manke Emanuele B. , Teixeira-Gandra Claudia F. A. , Damé Rita de C. F. , Nunes André B. , Neta Maria C. C. Chagas , Karsburg Roberta M.
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT Although several studies have evaluated the intensity-duration-frequency relationships of extreme rainfall events, these relationships under different seasonal conditions remain relatively unknown. Thus, this study aimed to determine whether the intensity-duration-frequency relationships obtained seasonally from the rainfall records in the winter and summer represent the maximum rainfall events for the city of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. Pluviographic data from 1982 to 2015 were used to create two seasonal series: one for the summer from December 21 to March 20 and the other for the winter from June 21 to September 22. These seasonal relationships were compared with the annual pluviographic data. The intensity, duration, and frequency relationships obtained from the summer rain data adequately represented the maximum rainfall in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. The maximum intensity values of rainfall obtained from the relationship of intensity, duration, and frequency for the winter did not adequately encapsulate the occurrence of rain with greater intensities.
Leaching potential of S-metolachlor in a medium-textured Oxisol soil with bioindicator plants
Authors: Silva Ana P. da , Marques Ricardo F. , Silva Junior Antônio C. da , Marchi Sidnei R. de , Martins Dagoberto
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT Information about the impact of herbicides in the soil based on the growth of bioindicator species is extremely useful in developing crop management strategies. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the leaching potential of the herbicide S-metolachlor under different natural precipitations in medium-textured Oxisol using bioindicator plants. A completely randomized experimental design was adopted, with four replicates and treatments arranged in a 3 × 8 factorial scheme [three indexes of precipitation occurred in the environment before the collection of the samples (50, 91, and 131 mm) and eight depths in the soil profile (0-0.03; 0.03-0.06; 0.06-0.09; 0.09-0.12; 0.12-0.15; 0.15-0.20; 0.20-0.25; 0.25-0.30 m)]. PVC columns were used, maintaining the original soil integrity during sampling after accumulating the stipulated natural precipitation. Longitudinal sections separated the columns to sow the bioindicator species (cucumber, lettuce, Alexander grass, and sorghum). The phytotoxicity symptoms of bioindicator plants were evaluated, adopting a phytotoxicity visual scale between 0 and 100%, at 5, 7, 9, and 11 days after seeding. The responses of the bioindicator species to the residual effect of the herbicide S-metolachlor were variable and depended on the rainfall level. Generally, in a medium-textured Oxisol, the higher values of concentration of S-metolachlor occurs in depths ranging between 0 and 0.06 m. The maximum leaching depth detected was 0.12-0.15 m with 131 mm of precipitation. Cucumber was the most sensitive species to the presence of S-metolachlor in an Oxisol of medium-texture since it presents symptoms of phytotoxicity at higher depths.
Modelling of rheological behaviour of macaíba pulp at different temperatures
Authors: Brasileiro Jéssica L. O. , Figueirêdo Rossana M. F. de , Queiroz Alexandre J. de M. , Feitosa Regilane M.
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT Fruit pulps undergo temperature variations during processing, leading to viscosity changes. This study aimed to analyse the rheological behaviour of macaíba pulp at different temperatures (10 to 50 ºC, with 5 ºC increments) and speeds (2.5 to 200 rpm, totalling 17 speeds). Experimental measurements were performed in a Brookfield viscometer, fitting the Ostwald-de-Waele, Mizrahi-Berk, Herschel-Bulkley, and Casson models to the experimental data of shear stress as a function of shear rate. Among the models used, the Mizrahi-Berk model (R² > 0.9656 and average percentage deviation - P ≤ 4.1%) was found to best fit the rheogram data. Macaíba pulp exhibited a non-newtonian behaviour and was characterised as pseudoplastic. It showed fluid behaviour indexes below unity under the studied conditions, with decreases in apparent viscosity as temperature and shear rate increased. Such behaviour could be described by the Arrhenius equation. The Mizrahi-Berk and Falguera-Ibarz models (R² > 0.99 and P ≤ 10%) best fitted the data and were used to represent the viscosity behaviour of macaíba pulp. The activation energy values of macaíba pulp ranged between 17.53 and 25.37 kJ mol-1, showing a rheological behaviour like other fruit pulps.
Multivariate classification of cotton cultivars tolerant to salt stress
Authors: Marcelino Aline D. A. de L. , Fernandes Pedro D. , Ramos Jean P. C. , Dutra Wellison F. , Cavalcanti José J. V. , Santos Roseane C. dos
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT Two multivariate methods were adopted to classify salt-tolerant cotton genotypes based on their growth and physiological traits. The genotypes were cultivated in a greenhouse and subjected to 45 days of irrigation with saline water from the V4 phase onwards. Irrigation was performed with saline water with electrical conductivity (ECw) of 6.0 dS m-1. A factorial-randomized block design was adopted with nine cultivars, two treatments of ECw (0.6 as the control, and 6.0 dS m-1), and four replicates. Plants were evaluated for growth, gas exchange, and photosynthesis. The data were statistically analyzed using univariate and multivariate methods. For the latter, non-hierarchical (principal component, PC) and hierarchical (UPGMA) models were used for the classification of cultivars. Significant differences were found between cultivars based on univariate analyses, and the traits that differed statistically were used for multivariate analyses. Four groups were identified with the same composition in both the PC and UPGMA methods. Among them, one contained the cultivars BRS Seridó, BRS 286, FMT 705, and BRS Rubi, which were tolerant to salt stress imposed on the plants. Photosynthesis, transpiration, and stomatal conductance data were the main contributors to the classification of cultivars using the principal component method.
Response of common bean to Rhizobium reinoculation in topdressing
Authors: Teixeira Itamar R. , Lopes Paulo R. , Sousa Westefann S. , Teixeira Gisele C. da S.
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT The response capacity of the bean to fix atmospheric nitrogen is questionable, mainly due to its inability to supply all the nitrogen in the flowering and grain filling phases when the crop needs it most. Thus, a new application of inoculant can keep the population of rhizobia in the soil at adequate levels, meeting all the nitrogen demands of the plant. This study aimed to investigate the nodulation capacity and the production of beans submitted to doses and reinoculation of Rhizobium in topdressing under field conditions in two growth stages. For this, an experiment was conducted using a randomized block design with four replicates in a 4 × 2 + 2 factorial scheme. The treatments consisted of the application of four doses of liquid inoculant containing Rhizobium tropici (SEMIA 4088), in the concentration 2 × 109 CFU g-1, in topdressing (0, 100, 200 and 400 mL ha-1), in two development stages (V4 and R5) of plants, and two additional treatments (inoculation via seed at a dose of 100 g of the product per 50 kg of seeds and mineral nitrogen fertilization at a dose of 16 kg ha-1 applied at sowing and 60 kg ha-1 in topdressing, divided into two stages, with half being applied at the stage V3 and the other half in V4 stage).The inoculant application increased the nodulation rates of bean cultivar BRS Cometa and the dry biomass produced by plants, using doses of 232 and 221 mL ha-1, respectively. The dose of 257mL ha-1 of the liquid inoculant applied in topdressing at the V4 stage, and the inoculation via seed provide greater common bean yield without supplementing mineral nitrogen.
Does environmental enrichment improve performance, morphometry, yield and weight of broiler parts at different ages?
Authors: Nazareno Aérica C. , Silva Iran J. O. da , Delgado Eduardo F. , Machado Miguel , Pradella Luiz O.
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT The inclusion of environmental enrichment in conventional broiler rearing can increase mobility, bone mass and muscle. This research aimed to evaluate the use of environmental enrichment in the rearing of broilers at different ages and its influence on performance, morphometry, yield and weight of the parts. It was used the completely randomized design in split-plot scheme, being the plots the treatments presence (T1) and absence (T2) of environmental enrichment and the subplots the broiler ages (1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 days), with 56 chicks in each treatment (T1 and T2). Data obtained were analyzed by the linear effect model of fixed effects and compared by Tukey’s test of means. The animals were raised in a controlled environment, divided into four boxes with dimensions: 1.5 × 1.0 × 0.7 m, containing rice straw bed. In T1 a ladder with a perch on top was used, distributed every 1.5 m2. Environmental enrichment used did not influence broiler’s zootechnical performance. Broilers’ morphometric properties, parts weight and body weight increased due to environmental enrichment and, improvement was observed in chicks rearing’s final phase. The environmental enrichment was beneficial for muscle and bone mass gain in the main commercial parts of the chicken carcass, in addition to reducing the allometric coefficient of the breasts in chickens.
RESISTÊNCIA ANTIMICROBIANA DE CEPAS DE SALMONELLA SPP. ISOLADAS DE ABATEDOUROS DE AVES
Authors: Cortez A.L.L. , Carvalho A.C. de F.B. de , Ikuno A.A. , Bürger K.P. , Vidal-Martins A.M.C.
Published: January 2022

RESUMO O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a resistência antimicrobiana de cepas de Salmonella isoladas de águas de escaldamento, evisceração e resfriamento; de carcaças não evisceradas, evisceradas e resfriadas; penas e fezes frente à ação de antimicrobianos de uso comum. Foram coletadas 288 amostras e isoladas 29 cepas de Salmonella spp., dentre elas S. Kentucky (34,5%); S. Enteritidis (20,8%); S. Anatum e S. Enterica subsp. Enterica 8,20:-:z6 (13,8%); S. Typhimurium (6,9%);S. Enterica subsp. Enterica 4,5, 12:i:-, S. Saintpaul e S. Tennessee 3,4%. O teste de sensibilidade frente a 12 agentes antimicrobianos foi realizado com as amostras de Salmonella spp. isoladas e seguiu a metodologia de Kirby-Bauer, 25 (86,2%) amostras foram resistentes ao aztreonam e à ampicilina, 21 (72,4%) à tetraciclina e 16 (55,2%) à amoxicilina/ácido clavulânico e sulfazotrim. Os isolados apresentaram menor resistência à gentamicina , com uma amostra (3,45%) resistente, duas (6,9%) amostras foram resistentes à amicacina. Nenhuma das amostras testadas apresentou 100% de resistência ou sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos utilizados. As amostras de Salmonella spp. foram em grande proporção resistentes aos princípios antimicrobianos normalmente utilizados em avicultura, estes dados servem como alerta contra o uso indiscriminado de antibióticos, que pode contribuir para a seleção de cepas resistentes, agentes de doenças transmissíveis por alimentos em seres humanos.
USE OF PCR TO DETECT CLASSICAL ENTEROTOXINS GENES (ENT) AND TOXIC SHOCK SYNDROME TOXIN-1 GENE (TST) IN STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ISOLATED FROM CRUDE MILK AND DETERMINATION OF TOXIN PRODUCTIVITIES OF S. AUREUS ISOLATES HARBORING THESE GENES
Authors: Chapaval L. , Moon D.H. , Gomes J.E. , Duarte F.R. , Tsai S.M.
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT During a 2-year period (2003-2004), 132 strains of Staphylococcusaureus isolated from crude milk (without thermal treatment) collected in different places in Piracicaba, São Paulo State, Brazil, were investigated for the presence of genes for enterotoxins (ent) and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (tst). Polymerase-chain reaction (PCR) was performed by using 6 pairs of relevant oligonucleotide primers. Ninety isolates (68.18%) were positive for (47 strains) or 2 (43 strains) toxin genes. The combination of entA and tst showed the highest prevalence (33 strains).The good correlation between PCR results and toxin protein detection and identification by optimum-sensitivity-plate (OSP) test was observed when 44.45% of strains showed positive for toxin production.
ASPECTOS HISTOLÓGICOS DO APARELHO REPRODUTOR FEMININO E MORFOMETRIA DOS OVÁRIOS DE TROPIDACRIS COLLARIS (STOLL, 1813) (ORTHOPTERA: ROMALEIDAE) SUBMETIDO A TRÊS FOTOPERÍODOS
Authors: Santos F.D. , Veiga A.F.S.L. , Alves L.C. , Wanderley-Teixeira V. , Teixeira A.A.C.
Published: January 2022

RESUMO A pesquisa teve o objetivo de descrever a histologia dos ovários, ovidutos laterais, oviduto comum e espermateca, e realizar a morfometria dos ovários de Tropidacris collaris (Stoll, 1813) (Orthoptera: Romaleidae), submetido aos fotoperíodos de 10L:14E, 12L:12E e 14L:10E. Para morfometria utilizou-se uma lupa binocular adaptada com uma ocular milimétrica, sendo registrado o comprimento e as larguras dos ovários. Posteriormente, os ovaríolos foram separados e contados. Para análise histológica, os órgãos foram fixados em Boüin alcoólico, incluídos em “paraplast” e corados pela H.E., tricrômico de Mallory e P.A.S (Ácido Periódico de Schiff). Os resultados mostraram que não houve influência dos fotoperíodos sobre a morfometria dos ovários, número de ovaríolos e histologia dos órgãos. Foram encontrados ovários préreprodutivos e reprodutivos. As médias do número de ovaríolos foram de 195,62, 202,62 e 208,25 para os fotoperíodos de 10L:14E, 12L:12E e 14L:10E, respectivamente, sendo mais numerosos no ovário esquerdo. Cada ovaríolo apresentou morfologia tubular com regiões bem distintas (filamento terminal, germário e vitelário). O oviduto lateral é revestido internamente por tecido epitelial simples cúbico com numerosas dobras, apoiado no tecido conjuntivo e externamente por uma camada de tecido muscular estriado. O oviduto comum apresenta a mesma constituição histológica do oviduto lateral, exceto pela presença de epitélio com íntima cuticular e uma camada muscular bem desenvolvida. A espermateca é constituída por tecido epitelial pseudo-estratificado colunar com íntima cuticular e tecido muscular estriado associado a tecido conjuntivo.
HISTOLOGIA DO APARELHO REPRODUTOR MASCULINO E MORFOMETRIA DA POPULAÇÃO CELULAR DOS FOLÍCULOS TESTICULARES DE CHROMACRIS SPECIOSA (THUNBERG, 1824) (ORTHOPTERA: ROMALEIDAE) SUBMETIDO A TRÊS FOTOPERÍODOS
Authors: Ferreira A.V.S. , Wanderley-Teixeira V. , Santos F.A.B. , Veiga A.F.S.L. , Teixeira A.A.C.
Published: January 2022

RESUMO A pesquisa teve o objetivo de descrever a histologia dos ovários, ovidutos laterais, oviduto comum e espermateca, e realizar a morfometria dos ovários de Tropidacris collaris (Stoll, 1813) (Orthoptera: Romaleidae), submetido aos fotoperíodos de 10L:14E, 12L:12E e 14L:10E. Para morfometria utilizou-se uma lupa binocular adaptada com uma ocular milimétrica, sendo registrado o comprimento e as larguras dos ovários. Posteriormente, os ovaríolos foram separados e contados. Para análise histológica, os órgãos foram fixados em Boüin alcoólico, incluídos em “paraplast” e corados pela H.E., tricrômico de Mallory e P.A.S (Ácido Periódico de Schiff). Os resultados mostraram que não houve influência dos fotoperíodos sobre a morfometria dos ovários, número de ovaríolos e histologia dos órgãos. Foram encontrados ovários préreprodutivos e reprodutivos. As médias do número de ovaríolos foram de 195,62, 202,62 e 208,25 para os fotoperíodos de 10L:14E, 12L:12E e 14L:10E, respectivamente, sendo mais numerosos no ovário esquerdo. Cada ovaríolo apresentou morfologia tubular com regiões bem distintas (filamento terminal, germário e vitelário). O oviduto lateral é revestido internamente por tecido epitelial simples cúbico com numerosas dobras, apoiado no tecido conjuntivo e externamente por uma camada de tecido muscular estriado. O oviduto comum apresenta a mesma constituição histológica do oviduto lateral, exceto pela presença de epitélio com íntima cuticular e uma camada muscular bem desenvolvida. A espermateca é constituída por tecido epitelial pseudo-estratificado colunar com íntima cuticular e tecido muscular estriado associado a tecido conjuntivo.
Use of unmanned aerial vehicle to calculate soil loss
Authors: Amaral Ana Karolyna Nunes , Souza Chrystiano Alves de , Momoli Renata Santos , Cherem Luis Felipe Soares
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT Satellite remote sensing systems are widely used in environmental studies for providing regional scale analyses with high temporal resolution. On the other hand, when local small scale spatial studies based on very high resolution data at specific moments are involved, unmanned aerial vehicles have been alternatively adopted. The present case study aimed to carry out the morphometric analysis and quantify the soil loss in two sinkholes located in Oxisol on carbonate rocks of the Paranoá Group, in an agricultural area of Niquelândia, Goiás state, Brazil, using unmanned aerial vehicle, in two periods. From the analyzed satellite images, it was estimated that the emergence period of the sinkholes was between December 2018 and April 2019. Based on the aerial survey carried out, 35.53 m2 of eroded area and 236.89 metric tons of soil loss were observed for the sinkhole 1, as well 299.96 m2 of area and 663.47 metric tons of loss in the first period and 961.66 m2 of area and 4,241.68 metric tons of loss after six months for the sinkhole 2.
Analysis of the economic viability of organic production system of ornamental pineapple plants for cut stems
Authors: Pereira Gabriella Navarro Donato , Souza Everton Hilo de , Souza José da Silva , Cardoso Carlos Estevão Leite , Santos Adenildo Bernardo dos , Souza Fernanda Vidigal Duarte
Published: January 2022

Abstract The growth of Brazilian floriculture is remarkable, both in terms of the number of producers and the cultivated area. To reduce costs and add value, the organic production of ornamental pineapple plants is an option for some consumer markets. This study was carried at the Fundação José Carvalho, municipality of Entre Rios (Bahia State), Brazil, to evaluate the economic viability of the organic production of ornamental pineapple plants, as well as to analyze the economic factors from implantation of the crop to the final production phase. Primary and secondary data collection (technical coefficients and prices) was carried out, which allowed updating the value of these coefficients. After determining the technical coefficients, input prices and product prices were surveyed and were inserted in spreadsheets of production cost and profitability. Data processing and profitability analysis were carried out under deterministic and risk conditions. The organic cultivation system for ornamental pineapples proved to be economically viable, providing greater profitability and production of stems, which is the product of interest.
Self-pollination of the orchid Cycnoches haagii from Brazilian Cerrado results in albino phenotype seedlings
Authors: Paiva Neto Vespasiano Borges de , Torrezan Mateus de Aguiar , Silva Manoela Aparecida Vieira da , Padilha Daly Roxana Castro , Borel Jerônimo Constantino , Zuffo-Borges Monica Cristina Rezende
Published: January 2022

Abstract Cycnoches haagii Barb. Rodr. is an epiphytic orchid very targeted by collectors, but no reference was found in the literature about its reproductive biology. Thus, the purpose of this study was to obtain initial information regarding pollination types and its influence on seed viability of this native orchid of the Brazilian Cerrado, in order to enable future propagation and preservation programs. Pollination among flowers of the same plant (geitonogamy) or different plants (xenogamy) were carried out. Seeds extracted from the capsules were sown in B&G medium, with full and half strength. Seeds from geitonogamic resulted in 25% of albino protocorms and consequently in albino seedlings. This phenomenon did not occur in seedlings derived from xenogamic pollination. Pigment analysis showed that even the albino seedlings presented chlorophylls and carotenoids, however, in significantly minor concentrations, 16% and 37% respectively, in relation to green seedlings. Geitonogamic and xenogamic pollinations resulted in C. haagii viable seeds with high germination percentage (90%) under in vitro conditions. The germination of seeds from xenogamic pollination resulted in chlorophyll or normal seedlings only, and can be recommended at conservation programs. On the other hand, although geitonogamic pollination should be avoided at conservation programs of this orchid species as it leads to albino seedlings, it showed a very interesting system to obtain seedlings with this phenotype, an interesting plant material to future investigation.
Pessoas com sofrimento mental em recovery: trajetórias de vida
Authors: Marques Fabrine Costa , Lacerda Mayara Karoline Silva , Alves Juliana Pereira , Silveira Aparecida Rosângela , Sampaio Cristina Andrade
Published: January 2022

Objetivou-se conhecer e compreender as trajetórias de vida de pessoas com sofrimento mental em processo de recovery e identificar quais experiências são reconhecidas por elas como formas desse processo. Utilizou-se, como percurso metodológico, a pesquisa qualitativa com base em narrativas interpretadas por meio da análise de discurso. A análise das trajetórias permitiu reconhecer que as vivências na infância, junto com as relações conflituosas na família, foram apontadas como responsáveis pelos rompimentos dos vínculos familiares e afetivos que favoreceram o encontro com as drogas, com o álcool, com a entrada na criminalidade, na prostituição, marcados pela situação de rua e pela errância. Percebe-se que as modalidades de recovery utilizadas pelos participantes, por meio do acesso às políticas públicas, do apoio da sociedade civil simultaneamente ao conforto espiritual, podem auxiliar na construção e na manutenção de uma vida mais saudável.
Potencialidades da Educação Popular em tempos de pandemia da Covid-19 na Atenção Primária à Saúde no Brasil
Authors: Fernandes Rebecka Souza , Fank Evelyn Inácio , Mendes Lucas Emmanuel Freitas , Araújo Renan Soares de , Barbosa Daniella de Souza
Published: January 2022

O presente artigo buscou compreender as especificidades e potencialidades da Educação Popular em Saúde (EPS) como orientadora de ações no âmbito da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) diante da pandemia da Covid-19 no Brasil. Metodologicamente, esta pesquisa tem caráter exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa dos dados. Foram realizadas, no mês de julho de 2020, entrevistas semiestruturadas com cinco atores sociais integrantes de coletivos nacionais de EPS. Os resultados indicam que têm ocorrido o fortalecimento do trabalho coletivo e a constituição de novas articulações, assim como a EPS se evidencia como prática potente na criação de vínculo com e no território; ademais, as tecnologias da informação e comunicação têm sido consideradas como importantes aliadas. Conclui-se que a EPS continua sendo efetiva no âmbito da APS, tendo o diálogo horizontalizado e a problematização da realidade como pressupostos estruturantes de seu quefazer.
TRANSFORMATION OF FREE AND OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS: GOVERNANCE BETWEEN THE CATHEDRAL AND BAZAAR
Authors: Ferraz Isabela Neves , Santos Carlos Denner dos
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT It is common for community-based free software projects to be associated with an organizational scenario that resembles “a bazaar more than a cathedral,” and to differ from the traditional, or ‘bureaucratic’ way of organizing work. This paper analyzes the governance of these organizations from the perspective of their structure and control, considering the development trajectory of three community-based free software projects in Brazil. Results show that the constant need to produce modern technologies gives rise to external pressures that promote change - albeit temporary - in the governance of these projects, making them resemble a cathedral more than a bazaar. Governance does not follow a cycle of sequential improvement; it changes depending on the external organizational actors present, such as sponsors. This suggests the need for strategic and flexible governance to deal with the acquisition and allocation of organizational resources. Governance of the projects described here varies along a spectrum of (in)formality that allows both production models - cathedral or bazaar - to exist in the same organization at different periods.
Integrating existing water and wastewater assets to reduce domestic heating emissions
Authors: Liu F. , Schellart A. , Boxall J. , Mayfield M. , Tait S.
Published: January 2022

A study was undertaken to explore opportunities for achieving reduced greenhouse gas emissions from UK domestic heating by using existing drinking water and wastewater assets as energy storage and recovery mechanisms, coupled with modest local renewable energy generation. The sensitivity of the solutions to future projections for domestic heating demands and climate change effects was explored. Simulations optimised the available energy supply, potential for storage, heat recovery and heat demand to minimise emissions at a scale that could be adopted in most UK towns. The approach may be able to deliver significant emissions reductions with more limited capital investment than more centralised renewable energy approaches. The results from two UK locations showed that integrated water–energy systems could theoretically reduce emissions by about 50%. Furthermore, the system could satisfy demand for about 70% of the time periods each year. Future scenarios were tested and it was found that the projected annual emissions reduction was similar across all scenarios, suggesting this would be a robust approach.
NP-Difficult Tasks: Automatic Proof of Theorems and Turings Machine
Authors: Martyanov Vladimir
Published: January 2022

It is offered to use for solving NP-complete (difficult) tasks a modification of methods for satisfying the constraint (CS) by including automatic proof of theorems (APT), and programming in constraints — generation of Turing's machine (TM). Currently, CS uses AP in a truncated form (logical programming), and it is suggested using the method of invariant transformations (MIT), which is a full-fledged APT. In addition, it is offered to use CS methods to generate TM solving NP-difficult tasks recorded on the TM tape, which is an extension of programming capabilities in constraints.
The Self-Concept Features of Officers of the Russian Federation Armed Forces
Authors: Kozhevina Anna
Published: January 2022

The article is devoted to the problem of the peculiarities of the Self-concept of officers of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. The concept of "self-concept of personality", as well as the peculiarities of the personality of military personnel are considered. The article presents a study aimed at identifying the features of the Self-concept of officers of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. To achieve this goal, some methods were used designed to identify the features of the self-concept, to identify the features of self-attitude, self-esteem, self-esteem of the individual. An empirical study of the features of the Self-concept of officers of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation was conducted, and the features of the Self-concept of the personality of junior and senior officers were revealed. The analysis of the results of the study showed that the majority of the subjects of the senior officer group are characterized by a high level of self-esteem, which indicates that such officers respect themselves as a person, an individual, as a professional and continue to develop, improve in the profession, spiritually and intellectually, in the field of relationships, learn lessons from mistakes and difficult situations; positive self-attitude; high adequate self-esteem, in which people recognize adequately their dignity, they are characterized by self-confidence, determination, firmness, the ability to find and make logical decisions, implement them consistently. Most of the subjects of the junior officer group are characterized by an average level of self-esteem, which suggests that such officers tend to balance between self-esteem and self-humiliation; positive self-attitude, average adequate self-esteem.
Russia-China Partnership 2021: Global, Regional and Bilateral Dimensions
Authors: Luzyanin Sergey
Published: January 2022

The article is dedicated to the global, regional and bilateral aspects of the current Russian-Chinese strategic partnership, including its strengths and existing weaknesses. The author analyses potentialities of the Treaty on Good Neighborliness and Friendly Cooperation between the People’s Republic of China and the Russian Federation, which celebrated its 20th anniversary this year, as well as the Russian-Chinese dimensions in Greater Eurasia, including the complexities and problems of the conjugation processes and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). The author describes positive and constraining factors for the further development of the Organization. The article describes the problems of Russia-China cooperation with regard to Siberia and the Far East, including some difficulties of investment and infrastructure projects. It is being noted that the Chinese vision of the Russian Far Eastern regions does not always coincide with the Russian one. It is important, relying on political will and mutual trust, to frankly and objectively discuss all sensitive issues and contradictions.
The Changing International Situation and Chinas Concept of Peripheral Diplomacy in the Context of the Epidemic
Authors: Fan Lijun , Tsyrenov Chingis
Published: January 2022

The COVID-19 virus has not just changed the mode of operation and way of life of all humanity, but has profoundly transformed the entire world, from the global political structure and economic environment to the models and methods of regional economic development. It has significantly influenced the content and timing of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, impacting the international situation and the implementation of inter-state relations.
In this context, China, adhering to the five basic principles of peaceful coexistence, aims to enrich the diplomatic concept of «benevolence, sincerity, mutual benefit and inclusiveness» in relations with neighboring states in order to strengthen and deepen them. The article puts a special emphasis on Chinese-Russian relations. It argues that the priority tasks for the leadership of the two countries should include: developing options for generating new production chains; taking into account the widening «gap between poor and rich» countries, as well as changes in the global political landscape. The implementation of these tasks can act as a stabilizing factor for regional and international development, guarantee secure borders and become a shining example of inter-state relations for the rest of the neighboring countries.
Singularity Transition in Biosystem with Infinite Number of Conserved Links with Surroundings
Authors: Moldavanov Andrei
Published: January 2022

Stages of natural evolution such as biogenesis and abiogenesis are the well-recognized terms to characterize the very different phases of life development. Traditionally, an abiogenesis is believed as the early stage of evolution that is mainly the chemistry phase dealing with intercoupling between the complex polymer chains when manifestations of life assumes substantial participation of cooperative effects. It its turn, a biogenesis as the subsequent stage of evolution is the period for prevalence of Darwin’s laws showing, in particular, in battle among separate species in the way of variability-heredity contest. In this article, we discuss possible nature of the transition between above stages as a normal result of progress in an evolutionary system simulated by mathematical model of open system with infinite number of conserved links with system surroundings. It is shown that the biosystem, in transition point experiences the deep reconstruction in existing pattern of energy exchange which leads to emergence of the more complicated and advanced stage of evolution. Our study showed that the found transition point can be considered as a singularity point in system evolution. In its turn, the evolution stages with the dissimilar meaning are the physical placeholders for stage of abiogenesis and biogenesis in natural evolution, correspondingly.
Geomagnetic Pulsations, Blackout and Low-Latitude Aurorae Associated with Power Magnetic Storm
Authors: Parkhomov Vladimir , Mikhalev Aleksandr , Ratovskyi Konstantin
Published: January 2022

The research analyzed the regularities of the dynamics of geomagnetic pulsation regimes in the frequency range 0.002–5 Hz, the generation of which reflects the interaction with the Earth's magnetosphere of the solar filament ejected by a powerful solar flare of 3B. We compared the dynamics of the change in the types and modes of geomagnetic pulsations with the dynamics of the atmosphere glow in two spectral lines and the total ionospheric absorption of radio waves. The study developed a possible model of the observed phenomenon.
Mathematical Methods for the Study of Toponims with Lost Semantics
Authors: Borovsky Andrey , Rakovskaya Elena
Published: January 2022

The article discusses methods for restoring the lost meaning of old toponyms. This task can be solved using a systematic approach. The study used methods of permutation and transformation of consonants in the backbone of a toponym, methods of di- and trichotomy of a word, formation of a table of all possible transformants, a method for finding associates for all transformants of a word using the vector model of the Russian language, a method for clustering the found associates, a method for determining the frequency of repetition of associates in the corpus of the Russian language, which allows you to calculate the probabilities of the appearance of various clusters, a method of lexical analysis of Old Church Slavonic languages, including Old Russian and Sanskrit. The use of a set of methods made it possible to restore the lost meaning of the toponym Moscow. It turned out that with a probability of more than 80 % the name of our capital goes back to the name of the commander and spiritual leader of the first half of the 15th century, who had the nicknames Mosokh, Meshekh, Moses Khan (Prince). The army of medieval Russia (Tatar-Mongolia) created by this man defeated Byzantium and subjugated Western Europe. During the Romanov dynasty, Western European scholars-Russophobes deleted the name of the commander from the history of Russia. As a result, the toponym Moscow has lost its original meaning. The article also restored the lost meaning of the two most important toponyms of Eastern Siberia - Lake Baikal and the Angara River. It turned out that the lake got its name from the old Russian exclamation Bai-ka-al = ay, how divine! The name of the Angara River in Old Russian means the mountains of Christ.
Step-by-Step Model with Latent Parameters for Student Assessments
Authors: Bratischenko Vladimir
Published: January 2022

The article discusses the disadvantages of traditional approaches to statistical processing of assessments of intermediate attestations of students. We proposed a model in which the obtaining of the k grade on an ordinal scale is associated with the successful completion of k certification steps. By analogy with Item Response Theory used for processing test results the probability of a successful step is determined by latent parameters — the student's ability and the difficulty of the step. Methods for determining latent parameters from the estimates obtained and statistical procedures for checking the adequacy of the model are proposed. The data of processing the array of estimates are presented. The processing results confirmed the possibility of using the proposed mo­del for a more accurate assessment of students' ability and the difficulty of attestations.
Two new species of Andinopanurgus (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae: Panurginae), with a description of the female of A. amyae
Authors: Packer Laurence
Published: January 2022

Two new species of Andinopanurgus Gonzalez & Engel are described: Andinopanurgus chirosimpson Packer, new species, from northwest Argentina extends the range of the genus south by more than 2000 km and A. lynnae Packer, new species, from Peru. The new species seem to belong to Gonzalez & Engel’s “guarnensis species group” but differ from it in the highly modified setae on S4, which are divided into two to four branches (in A. chirosimpson, the four-branched ones of which look like a thumbless hand and are the source of the specific epithet) to two to five branches (in A. lynnae). The female of A. amyae (Gonzalez & Engel) is described for the first time.
A risk-based approach to solving the problem of airline schedule operational management
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Korotkova Yulia L. , Mesentsev Yury A. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: January 2022

The paper discusses the problem of optimal regulation of aircraft assignments for airline flights. Due to the fact that the activities of the airline are subject to changes caused by both external and internal environment, the planned schedule needs continuous management and control. In the event when the actual flight schedule deviates from the planned one, it is necessary to promptly make a decision on adjusting (restoring) the schedule and reassigning aircraft. Operational schedule management involves making adjustments to the current schedule from a depth of several hours to several days. The solution to the problem is to determine the unambiguous correspondence of flights and specific aircraft subject to maximizing the likelihood of meeting production targets and observing a number of restrictions. The task of managing airline schedules belongs to the class of scheduling optimization problems for parallel-sequential systems studied within the scheduling theory. It is NP-hard and requires the development of computationally efficient solution algorithms. However, the issue of choosing criteria for the optimization problem deserves special attention, since the correct choice plays an essential role in terms of assessing the effectiveness of decision-making. In the theory of decision-making, no general method for choosing the optimality criteria has been found. The definition of the target criterion depends on the expectations of the production. Within the framework of this paper, an original criterion is proposed for constructing an optimal solution to the discrete problem of managing aircraft assignments, the main idea of which is to find a balance between the duration of the schedule and the number of flights with a negative deviation from the planned schedule by assessing the level of punctuality violation risk. The paper gives a detailed concept of punctuality, describes an approach to assessing the level of risk, and also proposes an original formal formulation of the task of operational management of aircraft assignments based on the criterion of minimizing the risk of violation of flight punctuality.
A method of searching and marking artifacts in images applying detection and segmentation algorithms
Authors:   St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Federation, Kitenko Andrey M.
Published: January 2022

The paper explores the possibility of using neural networks to single out target artifacts on different types of documents. Numerous types of neural networks are often used for document processing, from text analysis to the allocation of certain areas where the desired information may be contained. However, to date, there are no perfect document processing systems that can work autonomously, compensating for human errors that may appear in the process of work due to stress, fatigue and many other reasons. In this work, the emphasis is on the search and selection of target artifacts in drawings, in conditions of a small amount of initial data. The proposed method of searching and highlighting artifacts in the image consists of two main parts, detection and semantic segmentation of the detected area. The method is based on training with a teacher on marked-up data for two convolutional neural networks. The first convolutional network is used to detect an area with an artifact, in this example YoloV4 was taken as the basis. For semantic segmentation, the U-Net architecture is used, where the basis is the pre-trained Efficientnetb0. By combining these neural networks, good results were achieved, even for the selection of certain handwritten texts, without using the specifics of building neural network models for text recognition. This method can be used to search for and highlight artifacts in large datasets, while the artifacts themselves may be different in shape, color and type, and they may be located in different places of the image, have or not have intersection with other objects.