bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Decreased Expression of the Human Urea Transporter SLC14A1 in Bone is Induced by Cytokines and Stimulates Adipogenesis of Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells
Authors: Komrakova Marina , Blaschke Martina , Ponce Maria Laura , Klüver Anne , Köpp Regine , Hüfner Michael , Schieker Matthias , Miosge Nicolai , Siggelkow Heide
Published: January 2020

The human urea transporter SLC14A1 (HUT11/UT-B) has been suggested as a marker for the adipogenic differentiation of bone cells with a relevance for bone diseases. We investigated the function of SLC14A1 in different cells models from bone environment. SLC14A1 expression and cytokine production was investigated in bone cells obtained from patients with osteoporosis. Gene and protein expression of SLC14A1 was studied during adipogenic or osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal progenitor cells (hMSCs) and of the single-cell–derived hMSC line (SCP-1), as well as in osteoclasts and chondrocytes. Localization was determined by histochemical methods and functionality by urea transport experiments. Expression of SLC14A1 mRNA was lower in cells from patients with osteoporosis that produced high levels of cytokines. Accordingly, when adding a combination of cytokines to SCP-1 SLC14A1 mRNA expression decreased. SLC14A1 mRNA expression decreased after both osteogenic and more pronounced adipogenic stimulation of hMSCs and SCP-1 cells. The highest SLC14A1 expression was determined in undifferentiated cells, lowest in chondrocytes and osteoclasts. Downregulation of SLC14A1 by siRNA resulted in an increased expression of interleukin-6 and interleukin-1 beta as well as adipogenic markers. Urea influx through SLC14A1 increased expression of osteogenic markers, adipogenic markers were suppressed. SLC14A1 protein was localized in the cell membrane and the cytoplasm. Summarizing, the SLC14A1 urea transporter affects early differentiation of hMSCs by diminishing osteogenesis or by favoring adipogenesis, depending on its expression level. Therefore, SLC14A1 is not unequivocally an adipogenic marker in bone. Our findings suggest an involvement of SLC14A1 in bone metabolism and inflammatory processes and disease-dependent influences on its expression.
Factors Associated with Scaphoid Nonunion following Early Open Reduction and Internal Fixation
Authors: Prabhakar Pooja , Wessel Lauren , Nguyen Joseph , Stepan Jeffrey , Carlson Michelle , Fufa Duretti
Published: January 2020

Background Nonunion after open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of scaphoid fractures is reported in 5 to 30% of cases; however, predictors of nonunion are not clearly defined.

Objective The purpose of this study is to determine fracture characteristics and surgical factors which may influence progression to nonunion after scaphoid fracture ORIF.

Patients and Methods We performed a retrospective case–control study of scaphoid fractures treated by early ORIF between 2003 and 2017. Inclusion criteria were surgical fixation within 6 months from date of injury and postoperative CT with minimum clinical follow-up of 6 months to evaluate healing. Forty-eight patients were included in this study. Nonunion cases were matched by age, sex, and fracture location to patients who progressed to fracture union in the 1:2 ratio.

Results This series of 48 patients matched 16 nonunion cases with 32 cases that progressed to union. Fracture location was proximal pole in 15% (7/48) and waist in 85% (41/48). Multivariate regression demonstrated that shorter length of time from injury to initial ORIF and smaller percent of proximal fracture fragment volume were significantly associated with scaphoid nonunion after ORIF (63 vs. 27 days and 34 vs. 40%, respectively). Receiver operating curve analysis revealed that fracture volume below 38% and time from injury to surgery greater than 31 days were associated with nonunion.

Conclusion Increased likelihood for nonunion was found when the fracture was treated greater than 31 days from injury and when fracture volume was less than 38% of the entire scaphoid.

Level of Evidence This is a Level III, therapeutic study.
Vagus Nerve Stimulator–Associated Sleep Disordered Breathing: Identification, Treatment, and Outcomes in a Pediatric Patient
Authors: Carosella Christopher M. , Smith David F. , Sarber Kathleen M. , Turner Michele , Dye Thomas J.
Published: January 2020

Vagus nerve stimulator (VNS)-associated sleep disordered breathing (SDB) is a poorly understood side effect of VNS treatment. We present a patient with VNS-associated SDB who underwent sleep laboratory VNS titration, evaluation by drug-induced sleep endoscopy, and treatment including adenotonsillectomy and positive airway pressure therapy. This case is unique as it is the first to document, in real time, the inverse correlation of VNS current with airflow. This case offers unique insights into mechanisms and treatment of VNS-associated SDB, and a novel approach in its management. Most importantly, this case highlights the need for collaboration between physicians managing epilepsy with VNS and those managing sleep.
Starting Neurotrauma Facilities at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences Rishikesh
Authors: Goyal Nishant
Published: January 2020

It is said that making a start is half the job done. The same can be said for starting a new institute, a new department, or a new facility. Neurotrauma at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Rishikesh made humble beginnings in June 2016 when a patient with L1 compression burst fracture with paraparesis with urinary retention presented to the Outpatient Department and underwent surgery. The neurotrauma facilities at the institute got a major push with the beginning of emergency and trauma services in June 2017. The Department of Neurosurgery at AIIMS Rishikesh takes up cases of traumatic brain injuries, spinal injuries, and peripheral nerve injuries.
Opaque: an empirical evaluation of lobbying transparency in the UK
Authors: McKay Amy Melissa , Wozniak Antal
Published: January 2020

The government of the UK is reputed to be among the world’s most transparent governments. Yet in comparison with many other countries, its 5-year-old register of lobbyists provides little information about the lobbying activity directed at the British state. Further, its published lists of meetings with government ministers are vague, delayed, and scattered across numerous online locations. Our analysis of more than 72,000 reported ministerial meetings and nearly 1000 lobbying clients and consultants reveals major discrepancies between these two sources of information about lobbying in the UK. Over the same four quarters, we find that only about 29% of clients listed in the lobby register appear in the published record of ministerial meetings with outside groups, and less than 4% of groups disclosed in ministerial meetings records appear in the lobby register. This wide variation between the two sets of data, along with other evidence, contribute to our conclusion that the Government could have made, and still should make, the lobby register more robust.
A multilevel hypernetworks approach to capture properties of team synergies at higher complexity levels
Authors: Ribeiro João , Silva Pedro , Davids Keith , Araújo Duarte , Ramos João , J. Lopes Rui , Garganta Júlio
Published: January 2020

Previous work has sought to explain team coordination using insights from theories of synergy formation in collective systems. Under this theoretical rationale, players are conceptualised as independent degrees of freedom, whose interactions can become coupled to produce team synergies, guided by shared affordances. Previous conceptualisation from this perspective has identified key properties of synergies, the measurement of which can reveal important aspects of team dynamics. However, some team properties have been measured through implementation of a variety of methods, while others have only been loosely addressed. Here, we show how multilevel hypernetworks comprise an innovative methodological framework that can successfully capture key properties of synergies, clarifying conceptual issues concerning team collective behaviours based on team synergy formation. Therefore, this study investigated whether different synergy properties could be operationally related utilising hypernetworks. Thus, we constructed a multilevel model composed of three levels of analysis. Level N captured changes in tactical configurations of teams during competitive performance. While Team A changed from an initial 1‐4‐3‐3 to a 1‐4‐4‐2 tactical configuration, Team B altered the dynamics of the midfielders. At Level N + 1, the 2 vs. 1 (1 vs. 2) and 1 vs. 1 were the most frequently emerging simplices, both behind and ahead of the ball line for both competing teams. Level N + 2 allowed us to identify the prominent players (a6, a8, a12, a13) and their interactions, within and between simplices, before a goal was scored. These findings showed that different synergy properties can be assessed through hypernetworks, which can provide a coherent theoretical understanding of competitive team performance.
Deterministic magnetic domain wall motion induced by pulsed anisotropy energy
Authors: Rushforth A W , Rowan-Robinson R , Zemen J
Published: January 2020

We propose a method to induce deterministic motion of a magnetic domain wall in a nanowire by inducing short strain pulses uniformly along the nanowire. Via inverse magnetostriction, a strain pulse causes the magnetic anisotropy to vary uniformly on a timescale comparable to the magnetisation dynamics. The resultant torque on the magnetic moments within the domain wall cause it to move along the nanowire. Using numerical calculations we analyse in detail the dependence of the domain wall’s motion on the material’s parameters and on the anisotropy pulse profile, and we consider the specific case of the anisotropy induced by voltage pulses applied to a hybrid piezoelectric/ferromagnet device. The method will be applicable to a range of magnetic textures including skyrmions, solitons, and domain walls in antiferromagnets, and is prospective for applications in a range of areas including ultra-energy efficient information storage and processing, communications technologies, position encoding and biomedical science.
Modification of titanium implants using biofunctional nanodiamonds for enhanced antimicrobial properties
Authors: Krok Emilia , Balakin Sascha , Jung Jonas , Gross Frank , Opitz Jörg , Cuniberti Gianaurelio
Published: January 2020

The present study describes a novel antimicrobial surface using anodic oxidation of titanium and biofunctional detonation nanodiamonds (ND). ND have been loaded with antibiotics (amoxicillin or ampicillin) using poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA). Successful conjugation with PDDA was determined by dynamic light scattering, which showed increase in the hydrodynamic diameter of ND agglomerates and shift of zeta potential towards positive values. The surface loading of amoxicillin was determined using UV–vis spectroscopy and the maximum of 44% surface loading was obtained. Biofunctional ND were immobilized by anodic oxidation within a titanium oxide layer, which was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. The in vitro antimicrobial properties of ND suspensions were examined using Kirby-Bauer test with E. coli. Modified titanium surfaces comprising biofunctional ND were evaluated with E. coli inoculum by live/dead assay staining. Both biofunctional ND suspensions and modified titanium surfaces presented inhibition of bacteria growth and increase in bacteria lethality.
Overview of finite elements simulation of temperature profile to estimate properties of materials 3D-printed by laser powder-bed fusion*
Authors: Jean Willy Habimana , Li Xinwei , Hao Tan Yong , Chen Zhe , Cagirici Mehmet , Borayek Ramadan , Herng Tun Seng , Aaron Ong Chun Yee , Li Chaojiang , Ding Jun
Published: January 2020

Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), like many other additive manufacturing techniques, offers flexibility in design expected to become a disruption to the manufacturing industry. The current cost of LPBF process does not favor a try-and-error way of research, which makes modelling and simulation a field of superior importance in that area of engineering. In this work, various methods used to overcome challenges in modeling at different levels of approximation of LPBF process are reviewed. Recent efforts made towards a reliable and computationally effective model to simulate LPBF process using finite element (FE) codes are presented. A combination of ray-tracing technique, the solution of the radiation transfer equation and absorption measurements has been used to establish an analytical equation, which gives a more accurate approximation of laser energy deposition in powder-substrate configuration. When this new analytical energy deposition model is used in in FE simulation, with other physics carefully set, it enables us to get reliable cooling curves and melt track morphology that agree well with experimental observations. The use of more computationally effective approximation, without explicit topological changes, allows to simulate wider geometries and longer scanning time leading to many applications in real engineering world. Different applications are herein presented including: prediction of printing quality through the simulated overlapping of consecutive melt tracks, simulation of LPBF of a mixture of materials and estimation of martensite inclusion in printed steel.
Recent results from Daya Bay reactor neutrino Experiment
Authors: Lu Haoqi
Published: January 2020

Neutrinos are elementary particles in the standard model of particle physics. There are 3 flavors of neutrinos that oscillate among themselves and their oscillation can be described by a 3×3 unitary matrix, containing three mixing angles θ12, θ23, θ13, and one CP phase. Both θ12 and θ23 are known from previous experiments. The Daya Bay experiment gave the first definitive non-zero value in 2012. Daya Bay use the 1230 days data to obtain the most precise measurement of sin22θ13 =0.08421±0.0027(stat.)±0.0019(syst.) and = (math) × 10−3eV2. Experiment has measured the flux and spectrum of the reactor antineutrino. Flux is consistent with previous short baseline experiments and spectrum different from prediction with significance 4.4σ in 4-6 MeV energy region. Experiment also measure the IBD yield per fission from individual isotopes (235U, 239Pu, 238U, 241Pu) and found that IBD yield of 235U is 7.8% lower than prediction. For light sterile neutrino serach, there are no hint of light sterile neutrino observed from Daya Bay data and give the most stringent limit for (math) <0.2eV2.
Quantifying the probability distribution function of the transient climate response to cumulative CO2 emissions
Authors: Spafford Lynsay , MacDougall Andrew H
Published: January 2020

The Transient Climate Response to Cumulative CO2 Emissions (TCRE) is the proportionality between global temperature change and cumulative CO2 emissions. The TCRE implies a finite quantity of CO2 emissions, or carbon budget, consistent with a given temperature change limit. The uncertainty of the TCRE is often assumed be normally distributed, but this assumption has yet to be validated. We calculated the TCRE using a zero-dimensional ocean diffusive model and a Monte-Carlo error propagation (n = 10 000 000) randomly drawing from probability density functions of the climate feedback parameter, the land-borne fraction of carbon, radiative forcing from an e-fold increase in CO2 concentration, effective ocean diffusivity, and the ratio of sea to global surface temperature change. The calculated TCRE has a positively skewed distribution, ranging from 1.1 to 2.9 K EgC−1 (5%–95% confidence), with a mean and median value of 1.9 and 1.8 K EgC−1. The calculated distribution of the TCRE is well described by a log-normal distribution. The CO2-only carbon budget compatible with 2 °C warming is 1100 PgC, ranging from 700 to 1800 PgC (5%–95% confidence) estimated using a simplified model of ocean dynamics. Climate sensitivity is the most influential Earth System parameter on the TCRE, followed by the land-borne fraction of carbon, radiative forcing from an e-fold increase in CO2, effective ocean diffusivity, and the ratio of sea to global surface temperature change. While the uncertainty of the TCRE is considerable, the use of a log-normal distribution may improve estimations of the TCRE and associated carbon budgets.
Vegetation changes attributable to refugees in Africa coincide with agricultural deforestation
Authors: Maystadt Jean-François , Mueller Valerie , Van Den Hoek Jamon , van Weezel Stijn
Published: January 2020

The recent adoption of the Global Compact on Refugees formally recognizes not only the importance of supporting the nearly 26 million people who have sought asylum from conflict and persecution but also of easing the pressures on receiving areas and host countries. However, few countries may enforce the Compact out of concern over the economic or environmental repercussions of hosting refugees. We examine whether narratives of refugee-driven landscape change are empirically generalizable to continental Africa, which fosters 34% of all refugees. Estimates of the causal effects of the number of refugees—located in 493 camps distributed across 49 African countries—on vegetation from 2000 to 2016 are provided. Using a quasi-experimental design, we find refugees bear a small increase in vegetation condition while contributing to increased deforestation. Such a combination is mainly explained not by land clearance and massive biomass extraction but by agricultural expansion in refugee-hosting areas. A one percent increase in the number of refugees amplifies the transition from dominant forested areas to cropland by 1.4 percentage points. These findings suggest that changes in vegetation condition may ensue with the elevation of population-based constraints on food security.
Does elevation dependent warming exist in high mountain Asia?
Authors: Li Baofu , Chen Yaning , Shi Xun
Published: January 2020

A majority of studies suggest that elevation dependent warming (EDW) has been verified in mountainous areas. However, there is some controversy about the EDW of high mountain Asia (HMA). Based on the analysis of the data from 128 meteorological stations in the entire region for 1961–2017, we found that there was no EDW in HMA on the time scale of 1961–2017 and the spatial scale of the altitude of 3500–5000 m. The EDW in HMA is the most obvious during the period of 1998–2012. In general, after 1980, there was EDW in the altitude of 2500–5000 m. The Southeastern Tibetan Plateau always has EDW phenomenon for most of the time scales while other areas only have EDW at certain periods. Therefore, we consider that the rate of warming is higher only in specific mountain areas and time scales.
Physicochemical Characteristics of Freshwater Mussel (Pilsbryoconcha sp.) Shell from Sungai Paku Village Riau Province Indonesia
Authors: Iriani D , Hasan B , Sumarto
Published: January 2020

Freshwater mussel (Pilsbryoconcha sp.) shell is an untapped solid waste. Information about its nutritional value is necessary to investigate. Therefore, this research aimed to determine the physicochemical characteristics of freshwater mussel shell flour from Sungai Paku Riau Province Indonesia. The freshwater mussel shell was taken from Sungai Paku village. The sample preparation of freshwater mussel shell was made into flour and analyzed for physical characteristics (a yield, water absorption, whiteness degree) and chemically analyzed (moisture, ash, fat, protein, carbohydrate, crude fiber, and calcium content). Based on physical characteristics the freshwater mussel shell flour contained a yield 58%, water absorption 1.67%, whiteness degree 35.49% (L*=35.81, a*=2.66, b*=5.86), meanwhile based on chemical characteristics the freshwater mussel shell contained moisture, ash, fat, protein, carbohydrate (by difference), crude fiber, and calcium content was 0.41%, 93.01%, 0.18%, 3.44%, 2.97, 1.89%, 61.39%, respectively. It was found that the freshwater mussel shell from Sungai Paku, Riau contained the nutritional value, especially high in calcium content.
The Use of Durian Seed Flour as Tapioca Substitution in Colorful Catfish Meatball Processing
Authors: Dewita  , Syahrul  , Loekman S , Restu  , Sidauruk S W
Published: January 2020

Meatball is very popular and well-liked by all the people in Indonesia. Meatball is made from basic ingredients binding (source of starch), meat and seasonings. The source of starch in making meatball is tapioca starch. Currently, the source of starch that has not been widely used is durian seed starch, where durian seeds are by-products that are generally discarded after fruit meat is eaten. This study aimed to determine utilize durian seed flour as an alternative to tapioca substitutes, either in part or in whole in the making of colorful catfish meatball. The research method used was an experimental study, which carried out experiments in making colorful meatball with a completely randomized research design (CRD) of one factor, namely the addition of durian seed starch 0%, 50%, and 100%. The results showed that the meatball with 50% durian seed flour substitution to the best organoleptic tapioca starch both in terms of appearance, texture and taste.
Study on the Quality of Natural Flavor Powder made from Shrimp Waste
Authors: Suparmi  , Edison  , Sari N I , Sumarto  , Susilo R
Published: January 2020

The aims of this study are to determine the quality of natural flavor powder from shrimp waste and obtain new application technology for application of processing shrimp waste for natural flavor powder. This study using Completely Randomized Design non factorial. The treatment is adding wheat flour in three steps, they are without adding wheat flour (R0), adding wheat flour 1:1 (R1), and adding wheat flour 1:2 (R2) with three replications. This study results yield about 369.185%. Different quantity of wheat flour give effect to organoleptic value (flavor and aroma), the best treatment is R0 with flavor value is 4.17 and aroma value is 4.28%. Threshold value for taste is 8% at ratio 1:8 and threshold odor value for aroma is 12% at ratio of 1: 9. When dilution ratio is increase, the taste and aroma of shrimp in flavor powder is decreases until it is not detected. Shrimp flavor powder contains 17 types of amino acids, consisting of 9 essential amino acids and 8 non-essential amino acids. The highest essential amino acid is leucine which is equal to 0.362% and the highest non-essential amino acid is glutamate acid which is equal to 0.913%.
Preliminary Investigation on the Type and Ditribution of Microplastics in the West Coast of Karimun Besar Island
Authors: Amin B , Galib M , Setiawan F
Published: January 2020

High anthropogenic activity on the west coast of Karimun Besar Island contributes certain amount of wastes, especially plastics. Plastics will be degraded due to natural mechanism to smaller parts and known as microplastics. Small size and wide spread distribution has caused microplastics can be found widely in the waters and coastal areas. This study aims to determine type and abundance of microplastic in sediment on the west coast of Karimun Besar Island. Sampling of sediment for microplastic was determined based on hydrodynamic conditions by placing quadrat in the highest tidal boundary area. Sediment samples were collected in February 2019 using 4 inch PVC pipe from two different depth, i.e 0-10 and 10-20 cm. Separation of microplastic particles from sediments was carried out in Marine Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science University of Riau through several stages, namely (a) drying, (b) separation of densities and (c) sorting visually. The results of the study found only 3 types of microplastic, i.e. fragments, films and fibers. Microplastic abundance in sediments was found between 1976.67-2203.33 particles/kg of sediment with fibers being the dominant type. Fiber has the highest abundance in both depths followed by films and fragments. ANOVA and t-test analysis, showed that the quantity of microplastic between stations and between two different depths were not significantly different (p > 0,05).
Condition of Mangrove Ecosystems in Sungai Apit Siak Distric Based on Standard Damage Criteria and Quality Indicators Mangrove Environment
Authors: Efriyeldi E , Mulyadi A , Samiaji J
Published: January 2020

Mangroves are one of the ecosystems in coastal areas that have an important role, but nowadays many are experiencing threats. The purpose of this study was to determine the condition of mangrove ecosystems in Kecamatan Sungai Apit seen from standard criteria for mangrove damage and the indicators of mangrove environmental quality (species association, tree cover, seedling cover and number of seedlings species). This research was conducted in April 2018 in Kecamatan Sungai Apit, Siak Distric. The method used in this research was survey method. Types and density of mangroves were observed at three stations (Desa Lalang, Desa Bunsur and Desa Sungai Rawa) using line transects and plots. The results showed that the condition of the mangrove ecosystem in the coastal area of Kecamatan Sungai Apit based on the standard criteria of damage (Minister of Environment No. 201 of 2004), seen from the group of trees classified as damaged to good with rare to dense criteria, but when combined with a group of sapling, the conditions mangroves in Kecamatan Sungai Apit were classified as good with very dense criteria. Mangrove conditions based on indicators of mangrove environmental quality in the three stations included in the category of high environmental conditions with successively Qe values (mangrove environmental conditions) were 67.96% (Desa’Lalang), 64.37% (Desa Bunsur) and 84.68% (Desa Sungai Rawa).
Analysis of Fish Export Management in Panipahan, Rokan Hilir, Riau Province
Authors: Hendri R , Yulinda E , Hamid H
Published: January 2020

This survey research was conducted in Panipahan, Rokan Hilir Regency, Riau Province, Indonesia on 1 March - 15 July 2019. The purpose of this study was to determine the profile of marine fish export companies, to analyze the management of marine fish exports, and to analyze the contribution of marine fish exports in Panipahan. Respondents consisted of 10 fishermen are determined purposively, and two export companies taken by census. The data collected is analyzed using descriptive methods. The results showed that the marine fish export from Panipahan to Malaysia carried out by two companies. The frequency exports is 15 times a month. The average volume of fish per export is 43.22 tons. The types of fish that are exported are senangin (Eleutheronema tetradactylum), kembung (Scromberomorus sp.), bawal (Pampus argenteus), kelong shrimp (Fenneropenaeus indicus), and bawal bintang (Manta sp.). The contribution of foreign exchange from fish exports of Panipahan was IDR15.322 billion or 38% of the total foreign exchange contributed by Rokan Hilir (IDR40.320 billion).
The Status of Sustainability of Anchovy Resources in the Labuhanbatu Territorial Waters, North Sumatra Province
Authors: Warningsih T , Hendrik H , Suaseh Y
Published: January 2020

This research was conducted in August 2017 to analyze the sustainability status of anchovy resources in the Labuhanbatu territorial waters. This study used a method of secondary data analysis and surveys with samples. The data were analyzed following Multi Dimensional Scaling (MDS) method through the RAPFISH (Rapid Assessment Technique for Fisheries) approach. The results indicate that the resources management in Labuhanbatu waters is less sustainable with the index value of 42.76 (<50)
The Effect of Social Capital Assets to the Success of Fisherman’s Household Moving Out of Poverty
Authors: Darwis  , Zulkarnain
Published: January 2020

Fisherman’s household has the important role to the utilization of marine resources, but most of them are in poverty condition. Fisherman’s household are still the dominant household of poor people in coastal areas, especially in developing countries. This research has conducted to analyze the effect of variables of Social Capital Assets to the successful household of fishermen moving out of poverty. This research was conducted by using a combination of quantitative and qualitative approach. The Survey was conducted in ten coastal villages on the Bengkalis island of Riau Province, Indonesia, by in depth interviewing life story 126 samples of fisherman’s households that are still poor and 65 samples of fisherman’s households that moving out of poverty. The result of this research states that variable of social capital asset that influence to the success of fisherman’s household moving out of poverty are: Amount of social relation; Performance of fisherman’s household in fisherman group; Liveliness fisherman’s households in the fisherman group; Performance in patron and client system with fish dealer; Performance in patron and client system with other commodities dealer and performance relation in social group. Thus the success of fisherman’s households moving out of poverty is determined more by the management of social capital assets. The findings of this research in addition for contributing to the concept of community empowerment, especially on fisherman’s household.
Potency of Turmeric in Reducing Motile Aeromonas Septicaemia (Mas) in Pangasius hypopthalmus
Authors: Riauwaty M , Sari T E Y , Adelina A
Published: January 2020

A study on the histological structure of kedney of Pangasius hypopthalmus that were fed with turmeric supplementation and were infected with Aeromonas hydrophila has been conducted in the Laboratory of Parasites and Fish Disease, the Fishery and Marine Science Faculty, Riau University from February to July 2019. There were 3 treatments applied. The first group (P1) was given diet supplemented by 0.5g of turmeric powder. The second group (P2) was given diet supplemented by 0.7g of turmeric powder. The third group (P3) was given diet supplemented of 0.9g of turmeric powder. After 14 days, the fishes were infected with Aeromonas hydrophila (0.1 ml of 109 of A. hydrophila culture). The negative control were fishes that were not receive any treatment, while the positive control were fishes that were infected with A. hydrophila, and were not given diet any supplementation of turmeric powder. Fishes were reared for 14 days and than kedney organ were obtained for histological study. Tissue sample were processed by standard histological method (formalin fixed, alcohol series, HE stained and 6 sliced). The result indicated that there were differences in the tissue of treated fishes and that of the control. Kidney tissue of the positive control shown badly damage, there were many necrotic spots, congestion, hyperplasia, hypertropy and haemorrhage. Kedney tissue of the treated fishes of P2 (0.7g of turmeric extract) shown less abnormalities such as necrotic spots and haemorrhage. It can be concluded that the turmeric supplementation in Fish feeding is able to cure A. hydrophila infection on fish.
Heavy Metals Content in Tissues of Feather back Fish (Notopterus notopterus) from the Sail River, Pekanbaru
Authors: Budijono B , Hasbi M , Sibagariang R D
Published: January 2020

This study aimed to determine the concentrations of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Pb, Zn, Fe, and Cu) in gills, muscles, kidney, bone, liver, and reproductive organs of Notopterus notopterus from the Sail River. The results shown that the concentrations of heavy metals in each tissues of fish were as follow: muscles > reproductive organs > liver > kidney > gills and bone for Cd; liver > bone > kidney > muscles > reproductive organs > gills for Cr; gills > kidney > bone > muscles > liver > reproductive organs for Pb; gills > bone > reproductive organs > kidney > liver > muscles for Zn; gills > muscles > liver > kidney > reproductive organs > bone for Fe; bone > liver > kidney > muscles > gills > reproductive organs for Cu. Concentrations of Cr (95.62 mg/kg) was highest than 5 others heavy metals. The average of metal concentrations of Pb (35.62 mg/kg), Zn (88.47 mg/kg), and Fe (2.35 mg/kg) were highest in the gills. The estimated concentrations of Cd, Cr, Pb, Fe were higher and Zn, Cu were lower than the limits permitted.
Plankton Community Structure in PLTA Koto Panjang Reservoir, Kampar District, Riau Province
Authors: Sumiarsih E , Aryani N , Warningsih T , Mulyani I , Hasibuan I F
Published: January 2020

Koto Panjang Hydroelectric Power Plant is one of the reservoirs in Riau Province, many activities in Koto Panjang. Plankton is one of the organisms that is influenced by this condition. This study aims to determine the plankton community structure in Koto Panjang. The study was conducted on May 2019. Survey methods were used in this research. Samples were taken 3 times, once / weeks, in 3 different areas. One hundred liters of water was sieved into 125 ml using a plankton net number 25. The plankton was sampled was fixed using a Lugol solution and identified using a binocular microscope. There were 11 classes of plankton in Koto Panjang, 8 classes of phytoplankton and 3 classes for zooplankton. The value of plankton species diversity index (H’) is ranges from 4.86 to 5.35, dominant index (C) 0.03-0.05 and equitability index E 0.54-0.62. The plankton community structure in the Koto Panjang Reservoir is categorized as good.
Seakeeping Analysis of Hull Rounded Design With Multi-Chine Model on Fishing Vessel
Authors: Nurhasanah N , Santoso B. , Romadhoni R. , Nasutioni P.
Published: January 2020

This research is to find out the hydrodynamic characteristics of a ship, it presented in the form of the characteristics of the movements that are usually experienced by the ship when sailing. Therefore, testing the motion performance of 3 GT fishing vessels is done by calculating the ship’s response to ocean waves, following the oceans and oceanic which cause oscillation movements in 3 degrees of freedom of ship compilation in the waters of the Malacca Strait. The object of the research model is 3 GT fishing vessel with a hull shape rounded by varying the amount of chine. The Rounded model and the Chine model are analyzed using motion to find out RAO ships such as heaving, rolling and pitching. RAO size for maximum heave motion occurs at a speed of 12 knots in the direction of 135° with a RAO value of 1.60 m/m with a frequency of 3.03 rad/s, the RC-2 Ship model with a frequency of 3,015 rad / s and a RH model ship and with a critical peak value of RAO heave 1,713 m with a frequency of 3.15 rad/s, the maximum roll value occurs wave angle 90° beam sea with RAO value ship model RC-3 is at the lowest point with a critical peak value of RAO roll 6.3048 deg/m with a frequency of 2.306 rad / s, the RC-2 Ship model with a frequency of 6,3048 rad / s and a RH model ship and with a critical peak value of RAO roll 6,405 m with a frequency of 3.092 rad/s. In RAO pict movements heading angle 180° head sea, RC-3 ship model is at the lowest point with a critical peak value of RAO roll 1.35 deg/m with a frequency of 2.93 rad / s, the RC-2 Ship model with a frequency of 1,45 rad/s with a frequency of 2.936 rad/s, and a RH model ship and with a critical peak value of RAO roll 1,843 m with a frequency of 3.015 rad/s. From the results of the study it can be concluded that the RC-3 type of fish has a good performance when used at sea.
Analysis of temperature and stress-strain fields during laser beam welding of a TRIP steel
Authors: Vrtiel Š , Behúlová M
Published: January 2020

Transformation Induced Plasticity (TRIP) steels belong to the group of Advanced High Strength Steels (AHSS) that are characterized by good strength-strain combination and formability required for special applications in the automotive industry. The excellent combination of strength, ductility and formability of TRIP steels is achieved by a careful control of microstructure development in the process of their production. The microstructure of multiphase TRIP steels typically consists of ferrite, carbide-free bainite and metastable retained austenite, which can be transformed into martensite by plastic deformation. Upon crash, this feature allows the TRIP steels to absorb more energy, ensuring greater passenger safety. In the automotive industry, TRIP steels are mainly joined by resistance spot welding, laser or electron beam welding. Generally, the thermal cycle of a fusion welding process destroys the sophistically designed microstructure of these steels in fusion and heat-affected zones resulting in deterioration of mechanical properties of the weld joint. Negative consequences of the welding process can be eliminated using proper welding parameters. The paper deals with numerical simulation and analysis of the temperature and stress-strain fields developed during the laser beam welding of a CMnSiNb TRIP steel sheets with the thickness of 2 mm. Simulation model takes into account non-linear temperature and phase dependent material properties. The heat input during the laser beam welding is modelled using the conical volumetric heat source. The optimal welding parameters for production of butt joints of CMnSiNb TRIP steel sheets using the TruDisk 4002 disc laser with the maximum power of 2 kW are designed.
Analysis of behavior of composite material during loading tests
Authors: Mára V , Krčil J , Černý M
Published: January 2020

Composites are widely used as a material suitable for construction applications, but the operating conditions can lead to reduction of materials properties, damage initiation and collapse of the structure, so it is necessary to monitor condition of components and thus prevent its catastrophic failure. The unidirectional glass fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite (GFRP) was inspected with usage of non-destructive (NDT) acoustic emission during the static loading tests. The 0° test specimens were manufactured and tested under tensile and three-point flexural load for which the custom-made apparatus was used. Failure mechanisms were inspected by detailed analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to deduce the damage sequence. Tensile stress-initiated matrix cracking which induces formation of scarps, ribbons and riverlines followed by delamination and fiber failure with formation of radials. Flexural load showed cracks in matrix, delamination and typical compression regions in form of fiber microbuckling. Based on the speed of wave propagation and linear localization, damage processes were detected in form of lateral cracking, delamination and integrity loss during the tensile and flexural tests. The data obtained from mechanical testing were correlated with selected acoustic emission parameters (counts, events, amplitude and duration). Behavior of GFRP material during the tensile test can be described very well with usage of counts while the flexural test provides much less information. The evaluation of damage processes using event parameter based on the amplitude and duration proved to be problematic due to the noise interference. The Short-time Fourier transform (ST-FFT) and peak frequency was used for identification of failure modes. In case of tensile and flexural load the matrix cracking has lower frequencies while delamination and fiber failure have higher values.
Pulse measurements of small area thin film μc-Si:H/ZnO:B photodiodes
Authors: Remes Z , Stuchlik J
Published: January 2020

We introduce a triggered optoelectronic system operating in a pulse mode in the near infrared and visible spectral range 0.75– eV. The system measures current-voltage (I-V) characteristics in dark and under visible light illumination as well as electroluminescence (EL) spectra of small area thin film photodiodes and light emitting diodes with size below 1 mm2. The usefulness of the setup is demonstrated by measurement of optoelectronic properties of a hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon μc-Si:H)p-i-n diode deposited on a semi-transparent nanostructured ZnO:B electrode. No s-shaped I-Vcharacteristics were observed under white illumination near an open circuit voltage Uoc indicating a negligible charge accumulation near μc-Si:H/ZnO:B interface. The weak infrared EL correlates with the current density.
The effect of temperature on bacterial self-healing processes in building materials
Authors: Ryparová P , Tesárek P , Schreiberová H , Prošek Z
Published: January 2020

This paper is focused on the bacterial induced calcitation for the crack healing. The bacteria applied for this purpose are from group which is adapted for growth in the high pH environment as a concrete in hydration phase and their metabolic activity leads to create of calcite. In this study, three different bacteria strains (Sporosarcina pasteurii, Bacillus cohnii, Bacillus pseudofirmus) were applied and the influence of various temperatures on their microbial properties was investigated. Our previous experiment indicated that one of the applied bacterial strain in spores form (Bacillus pseudofirmus) are able to survive the temperatures in the range from -20 °C to 140 °C. The experiment described in this paper extends the previous study and determines the effect of different temperatures on the change in growth activity. In this experiment, bacterial activity was determined based on the change of absorbance in 640 nm by spectrophotometric measurements. The experiment was performed at optimal temperature (30 °C) and lower temperature (10 °C) and it used suitable broth for calcitation. The results showed that the beginning of metabolic activity was shifted by 40 to 50 hours. Only Bacillus cohnii showed different results because its metabolic activity was nearly zero at 10 °C.
Stress-strain analysis of hybrid joints using numerical simulation
Authors: Vrtiel Š , Nad’ M , Behúlová M
Published: January 2020

The design of joints between components of technical structures or equipment is a very important part of the design process and therefore significant attention must be paid to them. However, in certain cases, the values of the stress-strain state in a fixed joint exceed the strength limits, and it is therefore necessary to apply a combination of methods for a permanent joint, the so-called hybrid joint, which will lead to a reduction of evaluated stress-strain values. Problems of stress-strain state of hybrid permanent joints are analysed in this paper. Presented hybrid joint is formed by the combination of the pressed fit connection and fillet weld. The dimensional parameters and material properties each of type of connections are important for these hybrid joints application. Important parameters that affect the stress-strain state for this type of joint are mainly the size of the overlap of the pressed joint and also the geometric parameters of the fillet weld. In the framework of computer simulations and strength analyses are investigated the effects of different size of overlap of pressed fit joint and various design solutions of fillet weld joint on load capacity of hybrid connection under load. The results and some new knowledge resulting from these analyses are applicable in the design of similar types of joints in technical equipment and structures.
Investigations of microstructure and mechanical properties of brass alloys produced by sand casting method at different casting temperatures
Authors: Yilmaz Atay H , Uslu G , Kahmaz Y , Atay Ö
Published: January 2020

Brass, which is an alloy of copper and zinc, is of historical and lasting importance due to its hardness and workability. Indeed, to make this metal alloy, ancient metalworkers around the Mediterranean Sea were able to melt copper with zinc as early as 3000 B.C. Brass is stronger and harder than copper. The amount of copper varies between 55% and 95% by weight, depending on the type of brass and its intended use. It is easy to form into various shapes, it is a good conductor of heat and generally resistant to corrosion from salt water. It can be used to make pipes and tubes, weather-stripping and other architectural trim pieces, screws, radiators, musical instruments, and cartridge casings for firearms. The manufacturing process involves combining the appropriate raw materials into a molten metal, which is allowed to solidify. The shape and properties of the solidified metal are altered through series of carefully controlled operations to produce the desired brass alloy. Temperature used in the process is one of the parameter to affect the product properties. In this study, the brass alloys were produced by a sand casting method at different casting temperatures. Structural and mechanical properties were observed. Optical microscope, XRD and the SEM analysis were performed for the microstructure and phase analysis of the material. Charpy impact test and tensile test were applied to consider the mechanical properties of the samples. As a main purpose of this study, the results were evaluated and then the optimum temperature for the brass material production was determined.
Investigation of the Structure and Properties of SWCNT-Modified Epoxy Specimens
Authors: Burkov M V , Eremin A V
Published: January 2020

SWCNT-modified epoxy with advanced electrical properties was investigated in the paper. CFRPs have high specific strength and elastic modulus which are the most important properties for aerospace engineering. However a lack of electrical and heat conductivity makes efficient lightning strike protection and thermal de-icing complicated. In this research electric conductivity of epoxy binder for CFRP production is modified by addition of single-wall carbon nanotubes. Measurements of electrical conductivity of hardened epoxy binders are performed showing good increase of conductive properties.
Deformation Behavior under Static and Cyclic Tension of Polymer Grafts without and after Modification by RGD Peptides
Authors: Panin S V , Antonova L V , Byakov A V , Glushkova T V , Krivkina E O , Eremin A V , Silnikov V N , Barbarash L S
Published: January 2020

The structure, mechanical properties, and deformation behavior under static and cyclic tension of biofunctionalized biodegradable vascular grafts based on polyhydroxybutyrate/valerate and polycaprolactone were studied. It is shown that the modification gives rise to an almost twofold decrease of the elongation at break as well as the ultimate strength. It is shown that under cyclic loading the modification of grafts results in decreasing cyclic durability by more than twice. In doing so, the level of deforming stress decreases to a much lesser extent and is practically inferior to that for unmodified material. The analysis of principal strain ε1 and ε2 component distribution patterns in grafts of both types is carried out while the reason for the observed changes is discussed.
Comparative Analysis of the Polymeric Materials Deformation Behavior under Squeezed and Free Compression
Authors: Adamov A A , Kamenskikh A A , Nosov Yu O
Published: January 2020

The results of experimental studies of the modern antifriction polymer materials and composites based on them are presented in the work. The 6 most promising materials for use as antifriction coatings and interlayers in friction units of critical structures were selected from a set of materials: bearings, expansion joints etc. The deformation theory of elastic-plasticity for the active loading case is chosen to describe the polymer behavior model based on the experiments results in a first approximation. Compression charts are defined for the selected materials. Numerical models of constrained and free compression experiments are constructed. The series of numerical experiments established that the contact pressure level of composite materials is 25-40% lower at a single level of deformation. UHMWPE and modified PTFE under uniaxial deformed conditions state have an almost elastic behavior with weakly nonlinear hardening and in test problems their deformation behavior has small differences.