bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Atención a la vulnerabilidad estudiantil: incentivo a la asistencia escolar
Authors: Vásquez Johanna
Published: July 2024

Este informe representa una exploración de los Programas de Transferencias Monetarias en diversos países de la región, haciendo énfasis en la experiencia local. En la primera sección se presentan los antecedentes, donde se detallan y definen las medidas que ha implementado el Estado en los últimos 20 años con el fin de mitigar la Vulnerabilidad Estudiantil.
La segunda sección hace una revisión de literatura orientada en los programas de Transferencias Monetarias Condicionadas (TMC) de distintos países del continente americano, abordando el impacto que ha tenido cada programa y poniendo en contraste los argumentos a favor y en contra de las TMC.
Las últimas secciones se enfocan en el programa de Transferencia Monetaria Condicionada de educación primaria en República Dominicana, denominado Programa de Incentivo a la Asistencia Escolar (ILAE). Se realizó una caracterización de los estudiantes que reciben TCM a partir de los resultados de la Evaluación Diagnóstica. Por último, se presentan las conclusiones y oportunidades de investigación respecto a este tema con el propósito de aportar en el diálogo para promover que todos los estudiantes dominicanos tengan acceso a una educación de calidad, sin importar su situación económica o social.
Estudiantes de Nivel Primario (segundo ciclo) y sus Aprendizajes a través de la Educación a Distancia y Virtual, en Tiempos de la Pandemia: sentidos producidos por maestros, estudiantes y sus familias en Santiago, República Dominicana
Authors: Canelón Pérez Jesús Eduardo , García Cardona Milagros , Alcequiez Kelvison Alejandro
Published: July 2024

A partir de la decisión del Ministerio de Educación (Minerd) de la República Dominicana de asumir las clases de forma virtual en todos los niveles educativos debido a la declaración del estado de emergencia por la pandemia del COVID-19, nos propusimos comprender los sentidos atribuidos por docentes, estudiantes de nivel primario (segundo ciclo) y sus padres o representantes sobre los aprendizajes logrados durante el año escolar 2020-2021. Con el objetivo de sistematizar información que sirva de insumo para hacer recomendaciones que contribuyan al mejoramiento de la calidad educativa de los centros educativos que participaron en el estudio. La información recabada consistió en grabaciones de entrevistas individuales y grupales, como medio para tener acceso a los testimonios de los protagonistas del proceso educativo en cuanto a cómo se ha venido dando el proceso de logro de las competencias establecidas en el currículo, comparando la modalidad presencial con la virtual. El estudio se realizó en tres (3) escuelas localizadas en la zona sur de Santiago de los Caballeros, área de actuación e influencia de la Universidad Abierta para Adultos (UAPA), específicamente en los barrios Obrero, Hato Mayor y Barrio Lindo. La investigación pretende ofrecer un diagnóstico desde las vivencias de los participantes, a partir de las interpretaciones de sus discursos (prácticas discursivas), así como verificar el dominio de las competencias adquiridas por los estudiantes, tomando como base la sistematización de estas vivencias, lo que podría significar la generación de propuestas para mejorar los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje mediados por la tecnología, tanto en las escuelas seleccionadas como en otras de la región y del país. Uno de los sentidos más relevantes que emergió del testimonio de las maestras se refiere al bajo porcentaje de sus alumnos que lograron las competencias requeridas en los cursos durante el período de la virtualidad.
¿Las políticas públicas de primera infancia apoyan el desarrollo social y económico de la mujer dominicana?
Authors: Cruz Rita
Published: July 2024

Muchos países incluyen programas de atención a la primera infancia para apoyar la participación de la mujer en el mercado laboral. En la República Dominicana, específicamente en 2013, se ampliaron los programas de atención integral a la primera infancia con la puesta en marcha de la estrategia gubernamental Quisqueya Empieza Contigo (QEC). Esta investigación intenta entender cómo las políticas de primera infancia instaladas en el país apoyan la inclusión social y económica de las mujeres dominicanas. El enfoque metodológico mixto del presente estudio permitió utilizar estrategias diversas como revisión documental, entrevistas a profundidad a cinco profesionales del sector de primera infancia y encuestas telefónicas a 54 madres y usuarias de los servicios del Centro de Atención Integral a la Primera Infancia (Caipi). Los resultados de la investigación muestran que las actuales políticas públicas de primera infancia en el país no cuentan con metas directas relacionadas con la mujer. Sin embargo, existen importantes documentos nacionales que muestran el legítimo interés de los hacedores de política púbica en apoyar su desarrollo social y económico. Asimismo, las usuarias de Caipi expresaron que estos servicios les han permitido alcanzar importantes metas relacionas con estudio y trabajo.
La didáctica interactiva de lenguas extranjeras en la formación de profesores de inglés
Authors: Acosta Padrón Rodolfo , Licor Castillo Obed , Reyes Piñero Yaima Rosa
Published: July 2024

El artículo muestra cómo se ha instrumentado y enriquecido la Didáctica interactiva en la enseñanza del inglés en la formación de profesores de lenguas extranjeras en la Universidad de Pinar del Río, Cuba. La Didáctica interactiva ha sido objeto de investigación de un equipo de profesores en dicha universidad desde 1995 y utilizada en la práctica pedagógica desde 2007. Ante la necesidad de la actualización se ha desarrollado la investigación con el objetivo de enriquecer la Didáctica como plataforma metodológica para el desarrollo de la competencia comunicativa, interactiva e intercultural. Para tales cambios, se han tenido en cuenta tendencias actuales de la enseñanza de lenguas, la relativa normalidad de la etapa de pos-pandemia y el cambiante contexto educativo cubano. Así, se ha realizado un diagnóstico del estado actual de la Didáctica interactiva y una intervención pedagógica con la utilización de los métodos de observación a clase, entrevista y encuesta a profesores, talleres de debate, un curso y tutorías, con el fin de capacitar los profesores para la instrumentación en la práctica de los cambios realizados en los componentes de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje. Como resultado, se ha logrado el enriquecimiento de la Didáctica interactiva con la inclusión de aprendizajes híbridos, aula invertida, aprendizaje digitalizado fuera y dentro del aula, así como nuevas ideas acerca de la interacción social que la sustenta. Se muestran cambios en la calidad de las clases que superan significativamente el estado de la etapa de diagnóstico.
Evaluación e investigación garantes de la calidad educativa
Authors:  Martínez-Cruz Francisco Javier
Published: July 2024

La 13.ª edición del Congreso Internacional Ideice, titulado "Evaluación e investigación garantes de la calidad educativa" incluyó la realización de siete talleres, cada uno diseñado para abordar temas esenciales en la educación y el aprendizaje. Entre los talleres se destacaron: "La poesía y la música como factores de motivación en una clase de lengua extranjera", "Lenguaje comunicativo: un enfoque contemporáneo", "Innovación, enseñanza y emprendimiento: experiencia de un viaje en Israel", "Escritura académica", "Conocimientos básicos de las normas APA, 7.ª edición" y "Aprendiendo en colectivo".
Además, se desarrollaron nueve sesiones temáticas, las cuales permitieron a ponentes dar a conocer resultados de sus evaluaciones, investigaciones y sistematizaciones de buenas prácticas educativas: Tecnología educativa; Currículo y logros de aprendizajes; Enseñanza y aprendizaje de la matemática: realidad y perspectiva; La Educación secundaria hoy: temáticas relevantes y desafíos; Gestión y liderazgo en el sistema educativo; Impacto de las lenguas extranjeras desde la perspectiva de la escuela; El centro educativo como espacio de evaluación e investigación; Evaluación y su impacto en el sistema educativo; y Formación docente: reflexiones desde la práctica.
Por último, esta décimo tercera edición del Congreso Internacional Ideice 2022 contó con la presencia de prestigiosos conferencistas que abordaron temas cruciales para el futuro de la educación: La evaluación y el futuro de la calidad de oportunidades de aprendizaje, a cargo de Gilbert A. Valverde, La transición educativa del nivel inicial a la primaria, por Emelinda Padilla Faneytt, Alfabetización inicial: un derecho impostergable, a cargo de Ancell Scheker Mendoza, y Evaluación educativa, algunos desafíos en la agenda regional, por Lilia Toranzos.
Búsqueda del sentido del rol docente novel que configure una práctica innovadora
Authors: Torres García Celia , Concepción Rodríguez Fidelina , Upia López Natividad , Turbi Dipré Janny Karina
Published: July 2024

La presente es una investigación en curso que pretende generar una descripción y posterior análisis de la construcción de categorías metafóricas por parte de docentes noveles en distintos contextos de Colombia, República Dominicana y México. Esta indagación va tras obtener los elementos que constituyen las metáforas que se alcancen a dilucidar en torno a la concepción del trabajo docente en los primeros años de trabajo profesional. Este estudio se coloca en el enfoque cualitativo, en donde la metodología es considerada híbrida, pues conjuga elementos etnometodológicos, pues retoma distintos contextos a través de los actores participantes, y entra en combinación con elementos fenomenológicos ya que se acude a las percepciones subjetivas de los docentes noveles participantes, en relación con el ejercicio inicial en el trabajo de enseñar. La técnica es la encuesta escrita, con la técnica aplicada a través de un instrumento de entrada escrita (written promps). La muestra de participantes es de carácter deliberado en distintos niveles educativos de los tres países citados. El estudio busca reconocer las distintas elaboraciones metafóricas de lo que es la docencia novel, conforme los factores que se perciben desde la perspectiva personal en entornos sociales y profesionales distintos.
Pertinencia del uso de variables agregadas para el ajuste por contexto en el ámbito escolar
Authors: Avarca Oviedo Esteban , Osorio Azolas Florencia
Published: July 2024

La Agencia de Calidad de la Educación tiene la función de evaluar integralmente a las escuelas y clasificarlas en una de cuatro categorías según su desempeño: Alto, Medio, Medio-Bajo e Insuficiente. Esta evaluación considera el desempeño de los establecimientos en indicadores académicos, como el puntaje Simce, y en indicadores no-académicos. Estos resultados son ajustados por las variables relacionadas al contexto de los establecimientos educacionales, utilizando un modelo estadístico de la literatura de efectividad escolar y un conjunto de variables que puedan capturar estas componentes. En este estudio se revisa la factibilidad y pertinencia de incluir variables agregadas por el nivel de establecimiento. Respecto la factibilidad, se utiliza como una alternativa de variable agregada, el promedio de la escolaridad de la madre de los estudiantes, utilizando la información entregada por varias instituciones del sistema para generar esta variable. Respecto de la conceptualización de estas variables, es pertinente considerarlas en la clasificación de escuelas, dado que se relacionan a la información de la composición socioeconómica del establecimiento, al clima de las aulas, las expectativas o el efecto par entre estudiantes. Asimismo, este tipo de variables son relevantes de incluir en el modelo estadístico, dado que resulta ser una de las variables con mayor ponderación en el modelo.
Logrando Educadores Admirables “L.E.A.”
Authors: Colindres Beneditt Iveth Ninoska
Published: July 2024

El presente Proyecto de Investigación- Innovación, está en proceso, desarrolla todo un proceso de Aprendizaje sobre la Neuroeducación, tomándola como un modelo de utilización continua. Se desarrollará a nivel de los docentes del Distrito número 5, donde pertenece la Institución. Con el fin de humanizar el cuerpo docente comprendiendo la incidencia del aprendizaje con aspecto importantes como la comprensión, motivación, empatía para con los alumnos.
La post pandemia, dejo al descubierto muchas carencias dentro del proceso enseñanza -aprendizaje, en donde nuestras emociones jugaron un papel importante en la vida del docente, repercutiendo en sus vidas y por ende en su desempeño docente, esto nos ha llevado al aumento de reprobación de los alumnos. Siendo la Neuroeducación una nueva disciplina educativa, basada en aportar estrategias y tecnologías educativas centradas en el funcionamiento del cerebro con el objetivo de optimizar el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Adoptar la Neuroeducación como modelo de utilización continua, logra una aceptación inmediata de los estudiantes, ya que esto mejora el aprendizaje, reduciendo notablemente la reprobación, por supuesto, esto implica mejorar las estrategias, sobre todo el mejorar como personas, el trato directo con los estudiantes, implica una humanización global ,que debe iniciar con el docente, entender que nuestras emociones repercuten en el proceso, fortalecer la motivación, convertir al alumno en cómplice de su propio aprendizaje, generar un aula segura, fortaleciendo la recompensa social, lograr que el estudiante disfrute del aprendizaje, proporcionando clases agradables entendiendo que lo menos es más y que la calidad no tiene nada que ver con la cantidad de contenidos que se proporcionan, asignando tareas atractivas, permitir la participación de los alumnos incluso dar opciones en tareas ya que las posibilidades de cada uno son diferentes, sobre todo cuidar el lenguaje no verbal del docente, ya que desempeña un papel importante en la transmisión de componentes emocionales, lo novedoso motiva y facilita el aprendizaje. Los resultados son sorprendentes.
“Debemos tomar conciencia de la importancia que tiene conocer más sobre nuestro cerebro y de cómo ello influye en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Cuanto más conozcamos sobre su funcionamiento más eficaz será el trabajo que desempeñamos en nuestras aulas. El maestro que conozca los principios neurobiológicos tendrá en sus manos una valiosa herramienta para diseñar una praxis docente exitosa”. (Ramón, 2015)
Orden Departamental nº 03/2008: (re)visitando as bases da Educação Inclusiva na República Dominicana
Authors: Hernández Consoro Yohanna Tamal
Published: July 2024

A inclusão de pessoas com deficiência nas escolas é um tema muito discutido hoje em dia. Durante a história da humanidade, o ser humano, com alguma condição de deficiência, passou por diferentes níveis, por assim dizer, em relação a ser totalmente excluído, a um processo de integração, segregação e finalmente à inclusão. Neste sentido, os debates sobre a inclusão na educação que ocorrem nacional e internacionalmente extrapolam as bases da Conferência Mundial sobre Educação para Todos, realizada em 1990 em Jomtien, Tailândia, assim como a Declaração de Salamanca, na Espanha, quatro anos depois. Com base nesses debates, teorias e realidades que observamos, questionamos como o sistema educacional dominicano está incluindo pessoas com deficiência nas escolas, assumindo assim na prática os compromissos que assinou. Para este fim, o presente estudo, de abordagem qualitativa, baseia-se nos pressupostos teóricos de Michel Foucault (2002) e visa responder à pergunta de pesquisa: qual é a ideia de educação inclusiva que existe na República Dominicana, a partir do marco legal em educação no país? Tendo como objetivo deste estudo identificar e analisar os saberes envolvidos nos textos legais que mantêm a ideia sobre a educação inclusiva no país nesse lugar. Os resultados apontaram a severa disposição, que existe no país, para trazer ao convívio, com os considerados normais, aqueles que, por muito tempo, foram excluídos da escola, devido a diferenças ou condições de deficiência de que são acometidos, isto é, os “anormais” pois, a escola, em sua gênese, não foi pensada para TODOS.
Estrategias didácticas innovadoras para la enseñanza- aprendizaje de las Matemáticas
Authors: Arrieta Meza Hernando , Muñoz C Tehua , Reyes Cogollo Farly , Prada G Alonso
Published: July 2024

Los estudios investigativos de los últimos veinte años reflejan la brecha educacional entre estudiantes latinoamericanos, asiáticos y europeos que aún siguen vigentes. Los resultados de las pruebas (PISA por sus siglas en inglés) muestran que los países de América Latina evaluados han obtenido una clasificación inferior a la del promedio de países de la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos (OCDE). Actualmente, los métodos para la enseñanza de las matemáticas son obsoletos, y no existen reformas estructurales en el currículo. Por tanto, se hace necesario implementar en el aula un proceso metodológico innovador para la enseñanza-aprendizaje de la matemática soportado en la transposición didáctica, la comprensión lectora del lenguaje matemático, la resolución de problemas y la lúdica. El paradigma de la investigación es el interpretativo, el nivel exploratorio-descriptivo con diseño no experimental. La población de la investigación está constituida por estudiantes del nivel Primario y Secundario. El instrumento para la recolección de la información es la Bitácora. Los resultados del estudio investigativo, en proceso, demuestran que los contenidos abstractos de las matemáticas son comprendidos más fácilmente por los estudiantes cuando se desmitifica su enseñanza, se implementa la comprensión lectora del lenguaje matemático, se usa la lúdica y se articula los procesos a situaciones de la vida cotidiana.
Framework for Mitigating Phishing E-mail in the Kenyan Banking Industry Using Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Authors: Mwavali Asiema
Published: July 2024

Purpose: Phishing is a significant cybercrime threat that affects individuals and organizations globally, including the banking industry in Kenya. The sophistication of phishing attacks continues to increase, and it is increasingly challenging traditional security measures to mitigate these threats. The purpose of this thesis is to build a framework for mitigating phishing e-mail attacks in the banking industry in Kenya using artificial intelligence. Phishing emails are among the most common techniques of cyber-attacks utilized by assailants to gain unauthorized access to sensitive information such as financial details, personal information, and login credentials. These attacks can have devastating effects on the victims, leading to financial loss, reputation damage, and even identity theft.
Methodology: The framework development consists of four main stages: data collection, data preprocessing, model training, and deployment. In the data collection stage, a dataset of phishing and non-phishing emails is gathered from various sources such as public databases, dark web forums, and bank employees mail. In the data preprocessing stage, the collected data is cleaned, preprocessed, and labeled. In the model training stage, machine learning algorithms and NLP techniques is used to develop a robust phishing and non-phishing emails detection model. In the deployment stage, the model is integrated into the bank's email system to detect and block phishing emails in real-time. The framework is then evaluated using a dataset of phishing and non-phishing e-mails collected from the banking industry in Kenya. Various metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score are used to evaluate the framework. The framework is able to detect new phishing e-mails that were not previously included in the dataset, demonstrating its ability to adapt to new threats.
Findings: The framework is based on a hybrid approach that combines machine learning algorithms, natural language processing (NLP) techniques, and human expertise that identify and prevent phishing emails from reaching their targets. The four main components of this framework include e-mail filtering, feature extraction, classification, and response. The e-mail filtering component uses several algorithms to identify and filter suspicious e-mails. The feature extraction component analyzes the content of the e-mail and extracts relevant features to help classify the e-mail as either legitimate or phishing. The classification component uses machine-learning algorithms to classify the e-mail as either legitimate or phishing. Finally, the response component takes appropriate action based on the classification results.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The framework provides an effective way to identify and mitigate phishing e-mail attacks, reducing the risk of data breaches and financial losses.
EFEKTIVITAS KONTRASEPSI DARURAT (KONDAR)
Authors: Eliansa Elvin , Setyawati Nita
Published: July 2024

Kontrasepsi darurat merupakan kontrasepsi yang bertujuan untuk mencegah kehamilan setelah melakukan hubungan seksual tanpa perlindungan (unprotected intercourse), yang digunakan segera setelah melakukan bersenggama. Terdapat 2 (dua) metode kontrasepsi darurat, yaitu pil kontrasepsi darurat dan alat kontrasepsi dalam rahim (AKDR) yang menggunakan tembaga. Pil kontrasepsi darurat harus diberikan sesegera mungkin setelah senggama tidak terlindungi, dan paling efektif bila diberikan dalam waktu 24 jam. AKDR sebagai kontrasepsi darurat dapat dipasang hingga lima hari pasca senggama tidak terlindungi. Tidak ada kontraindikasi absolut untuk penggunaan kontrasepsi darurat kecuali kehamilan yang diketahui, dan ini hanya karena tidak efektif. Efektivitas kontrasepsi darurat dapat didefinisikan dari proporsi wanita menjadi hamil setelah menggunakan metode ini, dan jumlah kehamilan yang diamati setelah penggunaan dibagi dengan perkiraan jumlah kehamilan yang akan terjadi tanpa penggunaan
The Role of Social Studies Teachers in Strengthening Pluralist Attitudes in Post-Covid-19 Students in Indonesia
Authors: Khotimah Kusnul , Setyawan Katon Galih
Published: July 2024

In this study it was carried out due to the reduced feeling of mutual respect and tolerance by fellow students peers who have different religious and ethnic cultural backgrounds as a result of distance learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. So than therefore, the role of social science teachers is needed to strengthen students’ pluralism attitudes. This research aims to identify and describe the role of social science teachers in strengthening pluralism students, what elements support and what is the role of the social science teacher, and what elements hinder implementation that matter. The research was conducted at State Junior High School 3 Blitar. The method used in this study is the method qualitative descriptive with data collection techniques using in-depth interviews and observation. Result of This research shows that the role of the social science teacher has been quite good in educating and motivating students to strengthen attitude of pluralism among students. There are several things that social science teachers do to form a mutual attitude respect and tolerance among students. This is also supported by several factors including the school environment conducive so that students can directly learn how to behave pluralism. But besides that there is factors inhibiting social science teachers in strengthening pluralism attitudes, including limited study hours due to the Covid-19 pandemic, as well as changes to returning to school after Covid-19 and this has restricted activities in schools.
Indigenous Man-Power Training and Apprenticeship as A Strategy for Youth Empowerment in Oyo State, South West, Nigeria
Authors: Olujimi Victoria Atinuke
Published: July 2024

Apprenticeship, an acceptable man-power training method meant to impact quality training needs to address the problems of economic development seems to have been neglected in Nigeria. This study was therefore designed to examine the relevance of indigenous man-power training (MPT) and apprenticeship to development, factors responsible for decline in indigenous MPT and career opportunities for youth engaging in apprenticeship in Nigeria. This study was guided by human capital theory and conducted through qualitative techniques. Forty-four (44) In-depth interviews were used to elicit narratives from individuals, masters and apprentices of different trades in Oyo state. Two sessions of focus group discussion was also used to elicit information from citizens, community leaders and stakeholders. Purposive sampling technique was used for the selection of four local governments and individuals while snowball sampling technique was used for the selection of masters and apprentices. The data was content analyzed. The narratives indicated that indigenous MPT and apprenticeship provides source of income, employment opportunities, it develops the economy the economy and reduces dependency ratio. The factors responsible for decline in indigenous MPT among the youth are lack of sponsorship, inadequate fund, corruption and lack of government policies. Poor treatment of apprentice, low incentives and unattractiveness of apprenticeship on the part of the masters and laziness and inability to combine formal education with apprenticeship training on the part of apprentice are all responsible for the decline. It was discovered that indigenous MPT will lead to advancement in career quickly, youths who acquire numerous skills can turn it to wealth creation and they can become employers of labour too. Emerging from pragmatic and policy implementation of the result, it is evident that apprenticeship is a sustainable technique for youth employment which if appropriately executed can be a guide to youth empowerment programme of the government in Nigeria.
Factors Affecting Completion of Graduate Studies in Public Universities: A Case Study of University of Kabianga, Kenya
Authors: Rop Williter Chepkemoi , Mibei Eric
Published: July 2024

The study examined the factors affecting completion of graduate studies in public universities in Kenya. Stakeholders have been in dilemma on what really contributes to graduate students graduating after stipulated programme time. This study therefore sought to determine the factors affecting completion of graduate studies in public universities a case study of University of Kabianga, Kenya. Specifically it examined student, supervisor and institutional factors role in completion of graduate studies. The study findings are very important in informing and suggesting actions to address the delays. The study used descriptive research design. The target population was 303 and a sample of 33% was randomly selected to respond to questionnaires. A total of 100 questionnaires were distributed but 64 questionnaires were returned comprising a response rate of about 64% which is an acceptable rate and was therefore considered adequate to carry out the analysis and make conclusions. Descriptive statistics in form of frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviation was used to analyze the data and results presented in tables. The study established that financial constraints, job related assignment and duties, students’ own commitment, academic and research environment, lack of motivation, post-marriage domestic responsibilities, poor guidance in topic selection, inability to use modern tools of communication, imposing of research topics by supervisors, lack of preparation and poor language skills affect postgraduate students completion of their studies on time. The recommendation of the study is for the students, supervisors and institution to address the challenges identified in order to improve graduate studies completion on stipulated programme time.
Uso de fertilizantes y bioestimulantes en el control de (Struthanthus densiflorus)
Authors: Martínez Núñez José Luis , Enríquez García Fabián , Villarreal-Ramírez Víctor Hugo , Aguirre-Avilés Edmundo José , Hernández Mar Brenda Mariana
Published: July 2024

El (Struthanthus densiflorus) ha sido un problema persistente para los citricultores a nivel mundial durante  generaciones,  con  pocas  soluciones  efectivas  para  su  control,  se  llevó  a  cabo  un
experimento en el estado de Veracruz, con el objetivo de encontrar nuevas alternativas más económicas o eficaces, como el uso de fertilizantes químicos y bioestimulantes, en lugar del método manual tradicionalmente empleado. En esta investigación, se utilizó un diseño experimental de bloques completamente al azar, con 5 tratamientos y 4 repeticiones, aplicados una sola vez el 7 de enero de 2023. Los tratamientos fueron: T1 (control), T2 (sulfamin premium), T3 (urea), T4 (sulfamin premium + metabolic) y T5 (urea + metabolic), utilizando fertilizantes químicos y sus combinaciones con un bioestimulante. Los tratamientos T2, T3, T4 y T5 lograron controlar completamente la maleza "seca palo", a diferencia del tratamiento T1. No se observaron diferencias en la cantidad de frutos caídos entre los tratamientos, y no se presentó fitotoxicidad en los árboles tras la aplicación de fertilizantes y bioestimulantes, demostrando así su efectividad biológica contra el "seca palo". Se considera que las condiciones generales de los árboles antes de la aplicación de los tratamientos, como la falta de fertilización, podas y otros manejos culturales, pudieron haber influido en los resultados obtenidos.
REFLEXÕES ASSISTENCIAIS FRENTE ÀS MUDANÇAS DA POLÍTICA NACIONAL DA ATENÇÃO BÁSICA NO EXERCÍCIO DA PRÁTICA ODONTOLÓGICA (2017-2024): ESTUDO DOCUMENTAL
Authors: Callour Filho Cesario Rui , Dandara Lima Pereira Amanda , Cruz dos Santos Fernanda , Vitor Lima Glesiane , Ferreira do Nascimento de Sousa Nayara , Rodrigues de Castro Nycollas
Published: July 2024

O presente artigo visa analisar as mudanças na Política Nacional de Atenção Básica (PNAB) e seu impacto na prática odontológica no Brasil entre 2017 e 2024. Uma das mudanças mais importantes na revisão de 2017 é a flexibilidade na composição das equipes de higiene dental. Anteriormente, a formação dessas equipes seguia um modelo mais rígido, enquanto as novas diretrizes permitem a adaptação às necessidades locais, possibilitando a inclusão de profissionais como técnicos em higiene dental e protéticos. As revisões do Programa Nacional de Saúde Bucal nesse período flexibilizaram a composição das equipes de saúde bucal, ampliaram o escopo das ações preventivas e terapêuticas e incentivaram o uso de tecnologias, como a teleodontologia. Estas alterações tiveram impacto na organização dos serviços, na qualidade dos cuidados e no acesso da população aos cuidados dentários. O novo Programa Nacional de Saúde Dentária permite a adaptação às circunstâncias locais, melhorando assim a eficiência, respondendo às necessidades específicas das diferentes comunidades e promovendo cuidados de saúde oral abrangentes e preventivos.
Blood CO Status Classification Using UV-VIS Spectroscopy and PSO-optimized 1D-CNN Model
Authors: Huong Audrey , Gaik Tay Kim , Beng Gan Kok , Ngu Xavier
Published: July 2024

Rapid and effective blood carbon monoxide (CO) assessment is of great importance, especially in estimating CO-related morbidity and instituting effective preventive measures. The conventional detection methods using CO breath analysis lack sensitivity, while collecting biological fluid samples for CO level measurement is prone to external contamination and expensive for frequent use. This study proposes a one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) consisting of three stacked biconvolutional layers for binary classification of blood CO status using the diffuse reflectance spectroscopy technique. Iterative particle swarm optimization (PSO) has efficiently found the best network parameters to learn important features from the reflectance spectroscopy data. The findings showed good testing accuracy, specificity, and precision of 92.9%, 90%, and 89.7%, respectively, and a high sensitivity of 96.3% in determining abnormal blood CO among smokers using the proposed CNN network. Comparisons with eight existing machine learning and deep learning models revealed the proposed method’s effectiveness in classifying blood CO status while reducing computing time by 8–13 folds. The findings of this work provide new insights that are valuable for researchers in neural network design automation, healthcare management, and skin-related research, specifically for application in nondestructive evaluation and clinical decision-making.
Experiment and Analysis of a Hybrid Composite Post-tension Plate Girder
Authors: Al Mustawfi Sahib , Safiee Nor Azizi , Abu Bakar Nabilah , Abd Karim Izian , Mohd Nasir Noor Azline
Published: July 2024

Steel plate girders have been employed as structural bridge parts since the 19th century. They are typically made up of built-up sections in the shape of I-beams. Web and flange plates withstand shear force and bending moment, respectively. However, plate girders are vulnerable to shear buckling. Shear buckling resistance is increased by adding reinforced vertical stiffeners and, in some cases, longitudinal stiffeners. Nevertheless, these stiffeners are sometimes not enough to prevent extreme shear buckling and only delay the shear buckling of slender web panels. This study investigated a hybrid composite post-tension (HCPt) plate girder by experiment and finite element (FE) analysis. The structural performance of the HCPt plate girder was tested using three specimens: a double-web plate girder, an in-fill concrete double-web plate girder and an in-fill concrete double-web plate girder with prestress. Results showed that the steel web filled with concrete presented preferable strength and behaviour to the hollow steel web because of the concrete in-fill. It had high load capacity, strength and ductility. The concrete in-fill prevented the steel web plate from buckling, and beams generally failed in a ductile manner. Applying prestressing techniques reduced deflection under external loads, increased the load-carrying capacity and enhanced its flexural behaviour by 126% compared to the double web plate girder. The failure mode was changed from web shear buckling in a double web girder to bending in a hybrid composite plate girder, with an improvement of web shear buckling by 88%. The FE analysis result showed excellent consistency with the experimental result.
Computer Vision―The Frontier of Modern Environmental Diagnostics: A Review
Authors: Sergeyevna Olkova Anna , Vladimirovna Tovstik Evgeniya
Published: July 2024

Computer vision (CV), in combination with various sensors and image analysis algorithms, is a frontier direction in diagnosing the state of the environment and its biogenic and abiogenic objects. The work generalizes scientific achievements and identifies scientific and technical problems in this area of research based on the conceptual system of analysis on the time axis: from implemented achievements as part of the past and present to original new solutions—the future. Our work gives an idea of three areas of application of CV in diagnosing the state of the environment: phenotype recognition in digital images, monitoring of living and abiogenic objects, and development of new methods for identifying pollution and its consequences. The advantages of CV, which can be attributed to scientific achievements in this field of research, are shown: an increase in the volume of analyzed samples, simultaneous analysis of several parameters of the object of observation, and leveling of subjective evaluation factors. The main CV problems currently solved are the accuracy of diagnostics and changing quality of the survey, identification of the object of analysis with minimal operator participation, simultaneous monitoring of objects of different quality, and development of software and hardware systems with CV. A promising direction for the future is to combine the capabilities of CV and artificial intelligence. Thus, the review can be useful for specialists in environmental sciences and scientists working in interdisciplinary fields.
INFLUENCE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ON PATIENT CARE
Authors: Kimani James
Published: July 2024

Purpose: The adoption and application of information technology is essential to reform healthcare and meet the needs of patients in the coming decades. By harnessing the power of information technology for the health care field, we can enhance the effectiveness of the care we provide patient safety, increase workforce productivity and satisfaction, streamline payment-billing and administrative systems, and meet consumer expectations for service and access to information. The general objective of the study was to establish the influence of information technology on patient care
Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps.
Findings: The study found out that information technology influences performance of banks. Literature on adoption of information technology such as mobile banking showed that alerts given by mobile phones and smart phone apps assist customers to make informed choices
Recommendations: The study recommends that the leaders of the banks accelerate the focus on expansion and integration of information technologies to improve accessibility of services and efficiency. The study recommends that more information security features be adopted to ensure that the system is up to date upcoming technology to avoid loss of funds for clients or system hacking. The study recommends that the managers and stakeholders responsible for internet banking and mobile banking take it as an initiative to educate their esteemed customers on the usage of their mobile phones and computers in accessing banking services while at the same time enlightening them on occasional problems, they might experience due to making poor entries or applications which could lead to losses of their funds. In this case, training programs should be prepared and hire best IT teams to ensure that the strategy for alternative banking does its best.
Effect of Diet on Carcass and Meat Quality in Rabbits
Authors: Usha S , Anandan N , Kumaravelu N
Published: July 2024

A trial was conducted to assess the growth  performance of Soviet Chinchilla rabbit under  different feeding regimes at Livestock Farm  Complex, Madhavaram Milk Colony, Chennai-51.  Thirty Soviet Chinchilla weaned bunnies of both  sexes aged around six weeks were randomly  selected and divided into three groups namely T1  (Guinea grass + Concentrate), T2 (Hydroponic  Maize + Concentrate) and T3 (Hydroponic Cowpea  +Concentrate). All the groups were reared under  similar intensive system of management. The  dressing percentage of rabbits in T1, T2 and T3  were 59.40±0.87,60.20±1.50 and 61.20±0.97  respectively. There was no significant difference in  dressing percentage between the treatment groups.  The meat bone ratio in T3 was significantly higher  than T1 and T2. The carcass characteristics did not  differ between the treatment groups. It is concluded  from this study the hydroponic fodder production  technology can be recommended for broiler rabbit  production in urban, peri-urban areas where land  availability for fodder production is a constraint.
Effect of Feeding Moringa oleifera Leaf Powder on the Growth and Performance of Osmanabadi Kids
Authors: Ranvir S M , Siddiqui M B A , Kharwadkar M D , Ali S Sajid , Wankhede S M , Wankar A K
Published: July 2024

The study was conducted at Goat Research  Project, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Agricultural  University, Parbhani. Eighteen Osmanabadi kids  were selected and were allocated to three  experimental groups based on concentrate feed  replacement with Moringa oleifera Leaf Powder  (MOLP) i.e., T0 (0%), T1(10%) and T2 (20%). The  study lasted for 90 days in intensive rearing system.  The averages for weekly body weight (Kg) of kids  fed with MOLP for group T0, T1 and T2 at the end  of 13th week were 14.40±0.36, 14.86±0.47 and  16.40±0.45 kg, respectively depicting significantly  higher values for T2 group than Ti group whereas  non-significant difference between T0 and T1  group. The weekly body weight gain was 0.39±0.01,  0.40±0.01 and 0.54± 0.01 kg, respectively while the  daily weight gain observed were 55.95±2.07,  56.90±1.31 and 76.64±1.67 gm respectively with  highly significant difference between T2 group as  compared to T1 and T0 group. The mean values for  weekly and daily feed intake for groups T0, T1 and  T2 were 70.95±0.43 and 10.14±0.06, 71.38±0.41  and 10.20±0.06, and 70.40±0.06, and 10.06±0.01  kg, respectively. The feed conversion efficiency  (FCR) was significantly (P<0.01) better in T2  (6.49±0.00) as compared to T1 (8.82±0.03) and T0  (8.93±0.04). There was higher growth performance  of Osmanabadi kids in T2 treatment group as  compared to T1 and T0 groups. It can be concluded  that the concentrate feed can be replaced up to  20% by Moringa oleifera leaf powder in  Osmanabadi kids reared intensively without any  adverse effect on growth.
Effect of Month and Season of Calving on Milk Yield Per Kg Live Body Weight in Murrah Buffaloes under Organized Farm Conditions
Authors: Channa G R , Tomar A K S , Singh Mukesh , Verma M R , Pawankar K N , Ghule P M , Prabhakar Arun
Published: July 2024

The present study was conducted using 23  years of data pertaining to 1223 lactations of Murrah  buffaloes under the suckling system of calf rearing  at Cattle and Buffalo Farm (Livestock Production  and Management Section), ICAR-Indian Veterinary  Research Institute, Izatnagar (Bareilly), Uttar  Pradesh, India. The milk yields per kg of live body  weight (MY/BW) were estimated by dividing  monthly milk yields (MMY) in lactation by respective  average monthly live body weights (MLB) of milch  buffaloes during 1-13th months of lactation. The  effect of the season of calving was studied by  considering five seasons i.e. Winter (December February), Spring (March-April), Summer (May June), Rainy (July-September), and Autumn  (October-November) and months of caving  considered were 1st to 12th months in a year.  Season and months of calving showed significant to  highly significant differences (P≤0.01/0.05) for milk  yields per kg live body weights for most of the  months in lactations in Murrah buffaloes.
Assessment of Phenotypic and Reproductive Characteristics of Local Donkeys in Marathwada Region
Authors: Gond S S , Channa G R , Pawankar K N , Gadegaonkar G M , Jadhav P V , Avhad S R , Kawade S B , Karhale V V
Published: July 2024

A total of 1007 local donkeys were selected  for the study of phenotypic and reproductive  characters of local donkeys from different districts  of the Marathwada region in Maharashtra state.  Statistically non-significant differences were found  in most of the phenotypic parameters. Four different  body coat colour patterns i.e., grey, brown, white,  and dark red brown were observed with percentage  as 48.46, 21.54, 25.12 and 4.86%, respectively.  Most of donkeys (96.02 %) were black muzzled with  convex forehead (93.24%), white marking above  muzzle (66.53%), white marking above eyes  (67.72%), white marking posterior to the mandible  (70.30%), dark brown lining around extremity of ear  pinna (88.97 %), long white hairs at inner side of ear  pinna (100%) and bearing dark strip starting from  poll to switch of tail and forming cross with another  dark strip at shoulder (73.48%). The mean age at  puberty, age at first service, age at first oestrus,  oestrus cycle duration, oestrus duration, age at first  covering, age at first conception, no. of  services/conception, age at first foaling, service  period, foaling interval, gestation period, lifetime no.  of foaling of adult female local donkeys in  Marathwada region were 2.70±0.02 years,  2.79±0.02 years, 2.77±0.03 years, 6.86±0.084  days, 23.80±0.55 days, 2.96±0.01 years, 5.9±0.07  years, 1.82±0.06, 4.44± 0.01 years., 1.14±0.01  years, 2.25±0.01 years, 340.8±0.27 days and  5.98±0.07, respectively.
Relative Phenotypic Performance of Crossbred Chicken as Step in Synthetic Breed Development in Ethiopia: A Review
Authors: Fulla Shambel , Edea Chala , Hailemariam Atsbaha
Published: July 2024

The present review article aims to provide  and summarize synthesized information regarding  some of economically important traits on  reproductive and productive performance of  crossbred chicken to develop both adaptive and  sustainable breed to the intended beneficiaries.  Growth traits, egg production traits, reproductive  traits and other economically important traits of  crossbred chicken were assessed in comparison to  their counterparts purebred breed both native and  exotic parents. In the majority of crossbreeding  studies, the hybrids surpassed the original native  parental breeds in various traits studied, including  body weight, feed conversion ratio, age at first egg,  egg production, egg weight, and egg mass. The  majority of hybrids achieved sexual maturity at an  earlier age, laid more eggs, and produced a greater  egg mass when compared to local chickens. Eggs  from the hybrids were also heavier than those from  the local chickens in certain crossbreeding  experiments. In overall, crossbred chickens that  combine the blood of exotic and local breeds tend  to perform relatively better than indigenous  chickens, which are typically characterized in low  production due genetics. The frequent production of  F1 crossbred demands in subsequent importation of  exotic parent due to produced offspring chicken are  terminal genetically. Also, the degree of heterosis  retained in the crossbred decreased as generation  increased due recombinant ad segregations  effects. To overcome such problem producing  adaptive and sustainable chicken breed through  synthetic breeding is crucial for developing  countries like Ethiopia.
A Study on the Effect of Housing on Parasitic Load of Nellore Lambs
Authors: Teja Kasala Vishnu , Sreedhar S , Chakravarthi M Kalyana , Ravi A , Raju G Ganga
Published: July 2024

A study was carried out to find out the effect  of housing on Parasitic load of Nellore Jodipi lambs  under tropical environmental conditions. Thirty  weaned Nellore ram lambs of 3-4 months age were  selected based on body weight and randomly  divided into three groups of ten animals each. The  parasitic load i.e., Egg per gram (EPG) was  determined regularly at every month during entire  study period. The faecal egg count was performed  by a Mc Master technique. With regard to parasitic  load, the prevalence of parasites and eggs per gram  (EPG) count were significantly (P<0.05) lower in  slatted floor housing system (11.3±3.14) than that  of morum floor housing systems (25.6±3.98 and  25.5±3.80). It was concluded that the housing  system of elevated slatted flooring with galvalume  roofing proved to be effective in controlling  reinfestation of parasites and maintain hygiene  environment for better performance of Nellore ram  lambs.
A Study of Length-Weight, Relationship and Condition Factor of Bagrus Bayad in Kiri Reservoir Shelleng Local Government Area Adamawa State, Nigeria
Authors: U Habu , P Vandi , A Chubado
Published: July 2024

The Bagrid fishes are commonly known as naked catfishes, they are commercially important species found in Nigeria fresh waters especially in Rivers and Lakes such as Niger, Kaduna, Benue, Lake Chad, and other inland waters. The study is aimed at investigating the length- weight, relationship and condition factor of Bagrus bayad. A total of 282 individuals of B. bayad were randomly sampled for a period of 6 months. B. bayad sample collected were dissected. All the data collected were subjected to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Descriptive statistic, regression analysis, graph (bar chart) mean and standard deviation were used in calculating the data for analysis. Result from the data analysis showed the slope (b) value for male = 1.996 which is less than 3.0, hence the male fish shows a negative allometric growth pattern. While that of the female showed that the b value was 3.2971 which is positive allometric growth pattern and the combined sexes analysis shows that b = 2.330, which indicated a negative allometric growth pattern. The condition factors showed that the Male has K = 2.893, Female has K = 3.122 and the Combined Sexes Condition factor is K = 3.002. B. bayad exhibited both negative and positive allometric growth pattern with a strong positive correlation between the total length and weight of the species and also the species are in good physiological condition in the Reservoir.