bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geometry-controlled phase transition in vibrated granular media
Authors: Zuñiga René , Varas Germán , Job Stéphane
Published: September 2022

We report experiments on the dynamics of vibrated particles constrained in a two-dimensional vertical container, motivated by the following question: how to get the most out of a given external vibration to maximize internal disorder (e.g. to blend particles) and agitation (e.g. to absorb vibrations)? Granular media are analogs to classical thermodynamic systems, where the injection of energy can be achieved by shaking them: fluidization arises by tuning either the amplitude or the frequency of the oscillations. Alternatively, we explore what happens when another feature, the container geometry, is modified while keeping constant the energy injection. Our method consists in modifying the container base into a V-shape to break the symmetries of the inner particulate arrangement. The lattice contains a compact hexagonal solid-like crystalline phase coexisting with a loose amorphous fluid-like phase, at any thermal agitation. We show that both the solid-to-fluid volume fraction and the granular temperature depend not only on the external vibration but also on the number of topological defects triggered by the asymmetry of the container. The former relies on the statistics of the energy fluctuations and the latter is consistent with a two-dimensional melting transition described by the KTHNY theory.
A hybrid binary dwarf mongoose optimization algorithm with simulated annealing for feature selection on high dimensional multi-class datasets
Authors: Akinola Olatunji A. , Ezugwu Absalom E. , Oyelade Olaide N. , Agushaka Jeffrey O.
Published: September 2022

The dwarf mongoose optimization (DMO) algorithm developed in 2022 was applied to solve continuous mechanical engineering design problems with a considerable balance of the exploration and exploitation phases as a metaheuristic approach. Still, the DMO is restricted in its exploitation phase, somewhat hindering the algorithm's optimal performance. In this paper, we proposed a new hybrid method called the BDMSAO, which combines the binary variants of the DMO (or BDMO) and simulated annealing (SA) algorithm. In the modelling and implementation of the hybrid BDMSAO algorithm, the BDMO is employed and used as the global search method and the simulated annealing (SA) as the local search component to enhance the limited exploitative mechanism of the BDMO. The new hybrid algorithm was evaluated using eighteen (18) UCI machine learning datasets of low and medium dimensions. The BDMSAO was also tested using three high-dimensional medical datasets to assess its robustness. The results showed the efficacy of the BDMSAO in solving challenging feature selection problems on varying datasets dimensions and its outperformance over ten other methods in the study. Specifically, the BDMSAO achieved an overall result of 61.11% in producing the highest classification accuracy possible and getting 100% accuracy on 9 of 18 datasets. It also yielded the maximum accuracy obtainable on the three high-dimensional datasets utilized while achieving competitive performance regarding the number of features selected.
Periodic switching of acoustic radiation force with beat created by multitone field
Authors: Tanaka Hiroya , Funayama Keita , Tadokoro Yukihiro
Published: September 2022

Acoustic radiation force plays a key role in microfluidic systems for particle and cell manipulation. In this study, we investigate the acoustic radiation force resulting from synthesized ultrasounds that are emitted from multiple sound sources with slightly different oscillation frequencies. Due to the synthesized field, the acoustic radiation force is expressed as the sum of a dc component and harmonics of fundamental frequencies of a few hertz. This induces the beat of the acoustic radiation force. We demonstrate that the synthesized field provides the periodic on/off switching of the acoustic radiation force associated with the one denominational planar standing wave in a straight microfluidic channel. Consequently, our system can temporally manipulate acoustic radiation force without active controls.
Genome-wide association study of the human brain functional connectome reveals strong vascular component underlying global network efficiency
Authors: Bell Steven , Tozer Daniel J. , Markus Hugh S.
Published: September 2022

Complex brain networks play a central role in integrating activity across the human brain, and such networks can be identified in the absence of any external stimulus. We performed 10 genome-wide association studies of resting state network measures of intrinsic brain activity in up to 36,150 participants of European ancestry in the UK Biobank. We found that the heritability of global network efficiency was largely explained by blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) resting state fluctuation amplitudes (RSFA), which are thought to reflect the vascular component of the BOLD signal. RSFA itself had a significant genetic component and we identified 24 genomic loci associated with RSFA, 157 genes whose predicted expression correlated with it, and 3 proteins in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and 4 in plasma. We observed correlations with cardiovascular traits, and single-cell RNA specificity analyses revealed enrichment of vascular related cells. Our analyses also revealed a potential role of lipid transport, store-operated calcium channel activity, and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate binding in resting-state BOLD fluctuations. We conclude that that the heritability of global network efficiency is largely explained by the vascular component of the BOLD response as ascertained by RSFA, which itself has a significant genetic component.
No evidence for carcinogenicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in 26-week inhalation study in rasH2 mouse model
Authors: Yamano Shotaro , Takeda Tomoki , Goto Yuko , Hirai Shigeyuki , Furukawa Yusuke , Kikuchi Yoshinori , Kasai Tatsuya , Misumi Kyohei , Suzuki Masaaki , Takanobu Kenji , Senoh Hideki , Saito Misae , Kondo Hitomi , Umeda Yumi
Published: September 2022

With the rapid development of alternative methods based on the spirit of animal welfare, the publications of animal studies evaluating endpoints such as cancer have been extremely reduced. We performed a 26-week inhalation exposure studies of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) using CByB6F1-Tg(HRAS)2Jic (rasH2) mice model for detecting carcinogenicity. Male and female rasH2 mice were exposed to 2, 8 or 32 mg/m3 of TiO2 NPs for 6 h/day, 5 days/week for 26 weeks. All tissues and blood were collected and subjected to biological and histopathological analyses. TiO2 NPs exposure induced deposition of particles in lungs in a dose-dependent manner in each exposure group. Exposure to TiO2 NPs, as well as other organs, did not increase the incidence of lung tumors in any group, and pulmonary fibrosis and pre-neoplastic lesions were not observed in all groups. Finally, the cell proliferative activity of alveolar epithelial type 2 cells was examined, and it was not increased by exposure to TiO2 NPs. This is the first report showing the lack of pulmonary fibrogenicity and carcinogenicity (no evidence of carcinogenic activity) of TiO2 NPs in 26-week inhalation study in rasH2 mice exposed up to 32 mg/m3, which is considered to be a high concentration.
Importance of the Q/N-rich segment for protein stability of endogenous mouse TDP-43
Authors: Sato Toshiya , Oda Kanako , Sakai Seiko , Kato Rika , Yamamori Saori , Itakura Makoto , Kodera Yoshio , Nishizawa Masatoyo , Sasaoka Toshikuni , Onodera Osamu , Yokoyama Minesuke
Published: September 2022

TAR DNA-binding protein 43 kDa (TDP-43), a nuclear protein, plays an important role in the molecular pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The long-disordered C-terminal region (CTR) of TDP-43 is known to be aggregation-prone and a hotspot for ALS mutations, so elucidation of the physiological function of CTR will provide insights into the pathogenesis of ALS. The CTR has two Gly, aromatic, and Ser-rich (GaroS) segments and an amyloidogenic core divided into a hydrophobic patch (HP) and a Gln/Asn (Q/N)-rich segment. Although TDP-43 lacking the CTR is known to be unstable, as observed in knock-in mice, it is unclear which of these segments contributes to the stability of TDP-43. Here, we generated 12 mouse lines lacking the various sub-regions of CTR by genome editing and compared the embryonic lethality of homozygotes, and protein and mRNA expression levels of TDP-43. We demonstrated the functional diversity of the four segments of CTR, finding that the presence of the Q/N-rich segment greatly restored the protein stability of TDP-43. In addition, we found that the second GaroS deletion did not affect protein stability and mouse development.
Robust mean shift filter for mixed Gaussian and impulsive noise reduction in color digital images
Authors: Kusnik Damian , Smolka Bogdan
Published: September 2022

Noise reduction is one of the most important topics of digital image processing and despite the fact that it has been studied for a long time it remains the subject of active research. In the following work, we present an extension of the Mean Shift technique, which is efficiently reducing the Gaussian noise, so that it is able to cope with the impulsive disturbances. Furthermore, the elaborated technique can be applied to enhance the images corrupted by a mixture of strong Gaussian and impulsive noise, severely decreasing the quality of color digital images. By means of our approach, which is based on a novel similarity measure between a pixel and a patch located in the center of the processing block, even heavily disturbed images can be effectively restored, which enables the success of further stages of the image processing pipeline. We evaluate the efficiency of the proposed method using a publicly available database of test color images and compare the restored images applying a set of standard quality metrics with the results delivered by state-of-the-art denoising methods. Additionally, we compare our method with the Medoid and Quick Shift techniques, accelerating the original Mean Shift algorithm, in terms of objective quality criteria and computational complexity. The results of the performed experiments indicate that the proposed technique is superior to the widely used denoising techniques and can be used as a robust extension of the Mean Shift procedure. In the paper, a particular emphasis is placed on the ability of the presented algorithm to preserve and enhance image edges. The performed experiments evaluated with the use of the Pratt’s index, quantitatively confirm the superiority of the proposed design over the Mean Shift and standard denoising methods. The preservation of edges and even their sharpening is a very important feature of our algorithm whereas the final goal is segmentation, playing a crucial role in various computer vision tasks. The proposed algorithm is intended for the mixed noise reduction in color images, but it can be also applied in multispectral imaging and clustering of multidimensional data. To enable the comparison of our method with the standard denoising techniques and to help applying it in other image processing fields, we made its code freely available.
Cloud-enabled Biodepot workflow builder integrates image processing using Fiji with reproducible data analysis using Jupyter notebooks
Authors: Hung Ling-Hong , Straw Evan , Reddy Shishir , Schmitz Robert , Colburn Zachary , Yeung Ka Yee
Published: September 2022

Modern biomedical image analyses workflows contain multiple computational processing tasks giving rise to problems in reproducibility. In addition, image datasets can span both spatial and temporal dimensions, with additional channels for fluorescence and other data, resulting in datasets that are too large to be processed locally on a laptop. For omics analyses, software containers have been shown to enhance reproducibility, facilitate installation and provide access to scalable computational resources on the cloud. However, most image analyses contain steps that are graphical and interactive, features that are not supported by most omics execution engines. We present the containerized and cloud-enabled Biodepot-workflow-builder platform that supports graphics from software containers and has been extended for image analyses. We demonstrate the potential of our modular approach with multi-step workflows that incorporate the popular and open-source Fiji suite for image processing. One of our examples integrates fully interactive ImageJ macros with Jupyter notebooks. Our second example illustrates how the complicated cloud setup of an computationally intensive process such as stitching 3D digital pathology datasets using BigStitcher can be automated and simplified. In both examples, users can leverage a form-based graphical interface to execute multi-step workflows with a single click, using the provided sample data and preset input parameters. Alternatively, users can interactively modify the image processing steps in the workflow, apply the workflows to their own data, change the input parameters and macros. By providing interactive graphics support to software containers, our modular platform supports reproducible image analysis workflows, simplified access to cloud resources for analysis of large datasets, and integration across different applications such as Jupyter.
Changes in immunological parameters by ageing in rural healthy Indian adults and their associations with sex and lifestyle
Authors: Agarwal Dhiraj , Paul Sourav , Lele Pallavi , Piprode Vikrant , Kawade Anand , Hajela Neerja , Bavdekar Ashish , Parulekar Varsha , Ginde Manisha , Paranjape Gandhali , Matsuda Kazunori , Hori Tetsuji , Juvekar Sanjay , Lal Girdhari
Published: September 2022

Several factors including sex and lifestyle have been reported to contribute to the age-related alteration of immune functions. The study was undertaken to determine age-related differences in the proportion of peripheral blood mononuclear lymphocytes in the Indian population using blood samples from 67 healthy adults (33 females and 34 males) aged between 20 and 80 years old. In the linear regression analysis to estimate the relationship with age categories, there was a significant increase in the frequency of natural killer cells with ageing, while their cytolytic activity significantly declined. The frequency of CD4+T cells increased with age, whereas that of CD8+T cells decreased, resulting in the age-associated increase of the CD4/CD8 ratio. The subsets of B cells did not show any significant relationship with age. Although there were variations between the male and female subgroups in effect size of ageing, the trends were in the same direction in all the parameters. Reduced fat intake was associated with a lower frequency of CD4+T cells, and higher serum cotinine level was associated with a higher CD4/CD8 ratio. The results indicate that cellular immunity in the Indian population is affected by ageing, while humoral immunity is less susceptible to ageing.
In silico analyses of Wnt1 nsSNPs reveal structurally destabilizing variants, altered interactions with Frizzled receptors and its deregulation in tumorigenesis
Authors: Mondal Amalesh , Paul Debarati , Dastidar Shubhra Ghosh , Saha Tanima , Goswami Achintya Mohan
Published: September 2022

Wnt1 is the first mammalian Wnt gene, which is discovered as proto-oncogene and in human the gene is located on the chromosome 12q13. Mutations in Wnt1 are reported to be associated with various cancers and other human diseases. The structural and functional consequences of most of the non-synonymous SNPs (nsSNPs), present in the human Wnt1 gene, are not known. In the present work, extensive bioinformatics analyses are used to screen 292 nsSNPs of Wnt1 for predicting pathogenic and harmless polymorphisms. We have identified 10 highly deleterious nsSNPs among which 7 are located within the highly conserved areas. These 10 nsSNPs are also predicted to affect the post-translational modifications of Wnt1. Further, structure based stability analyses of these 10 highly deleterious nsSNPs revealed 8 variants as highly destabilizing. These 8 highly destabilizing variants were shown to have high BC score and high RMSIP score from normal mode analyses. Based on the deformation energies, obtained from the normal mode analyses, variants like G169A, G169S, G331R and G331S were found to be unstable. Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations revealed structural stability and fluctuation of WT Wnt1 and its prioritized variants. RMSD remained fluctuating mostly between 4 and 5 Å and occasionally between 3.5 and 5.5 Å ranges. RMSF in the CTD region (residues 330–360) of the binding pocket were lower compared to that of WT. Studying the impacts of nsSNPs on the binding interface of Wnt1 and seven Frizzled receptors have predicted substitutions which can stabilize or destabilize the binding interface. We have found that Wnt1 and FZD8-CRD is the best docked complex in our study. MD simulation based analyses of wild type Wnt1-FZD8-CRD complex and the 8 prioritized variants revealed that RMSF was higher in the unstructured regions and RMSD remained fluctuating in the region of 5 Å ± 1 Å. We have also observed differential Wnt1 gene expression pattern in normal, tumor and metastatic conditions across different tissues. Wnt1 gene expression was significantly higher in metastatic tissues of lungs, colon and skin; and was significantly lower in metastatic tissues of breast, esophagus and kidney. We have also found that Wnt1 deregulation is associated with survival outcome in patients with gastric and breast cancer. Furthermore, these computationally screened highly deleterious nsSNPs of Wnt1 can be analyzed in population based genetic studies and may help understand the Wnt1 associated diseases.
Drag reduction study of a microfiber-coated cylinder
Authors: Hasegawa Mitsugu , Chen Yi-Chung , Sakaue Hirotaka
Published: September 2022

Drag reduction for a bluff body is imperative in a time of increasing awareness of the environmental impact and sustainability of air travel. Microfiber coating has demonstrated its ability to reduce drag on a bluff body. This was done by applying strips of the coating to a cylinder. To widen the application range of the microfiber coating, a fully microfiber-coated cylinder is studied as it has no directionality relative to incoming flow. It is hypothesized that a large coating coverage will cause a reduction in drag dependent on the Reynolds numberRe. The fully microfiber-coated cylinder is studied in a wind tunnel and the drag coefficient is determined at a range ofRein the subcritical-flow regime. It is found that the drag coefficient of the microfiber-coated cylinder is a function ofRe, and the critical Reynolds number, where the maximum drag reduction occurs, is lower for a microfiber-coated cylinder compared to that of a conventional smooth-surface cylinder.
Image copy-move forgery detection and localization based on super-BPD segmentation and DCNN
Authors: Li Qianwen , Wang Chengyou , Zhou Xiao , Qin Zhiliang
Published: September 2022

With the increasing importance of image information, image forgery seriously threatens the security of image content. Copy-move forgery detection (CMFD) is a greater challenge because its abnormality is smaller than other forgeries. To solve the problem that the detection results of the most image CMFD based on convolutional neural networks (CNN) have relatively low accuracy, an image copy-move forgery detection and localization based on super boundary-to-pixel direction (super-BPD) segmentation and deep CNN (DCNN) is proposed: SD-Net. Firstly, the segmentation technology is used to enhance the connection between the same or similar image blocks, improving the detection accuracy. Secondly, DCNN is used to extract image features, replacing conventional hand-crafted features with automatic learning features. The feature pyramid is used to improve the robustness to the scaling attack. Thirdly, the image BPD information is used to optimize the edges of rough detected image and obtain final detected image. The experiments proved that the SD-Net could detect and locate multiple, rotated, and scaling forgery well, especially large-level scaling forgery. Compared with other methods, the SD-Net is more accurately located and robust to various post-processing operations: brightness change, contrast adjustments, color reduction, image blurring, JPEG compression, and noise adding.
Analysis of solutions for a blockchain compliance with GDPR
Authors: Godyn Mateusz , Kedziora Michal , Ren Yingying , Liu Yongxin , Song Houbing Herbert
Published: September 2022

The aim of this paper was to perform an analysis of the state-of-the-art solutions of the permissioned blockchain compliance with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), including the implementation of one of the analyzed methods and the own solution. This paper covers the subject of GDPR and its impact on already existing blockchain databases to determine the domain of the problem, including the necessity to introduce mutability in the data structure to comply with the ”right to be forgotten”. The performed analysis made it possible to discuss current research in technical terms as well as in the regulation itself. In the experimental part, attempts were made to research and implement the Reference-based Tree Structure (RBTS), including the performance tests. The proposed solution is efficient and easily reproducible. The deletion of unwanted content is quick and requires consent only from the owner of personal data; therefore, eliminating the dependency on the other blockchain network participants.
Effect of n-octanol on impurity removal by reverse flotation of magnesite ore
Authors: Li Pengcheng , Li Xiaoan , Dai Shujuan , Sun Wenhan , Zhou Bin
Published: September 2022

Dodecylamine is one of the most commonly used amine collectors for the reverse flotation of magnesite ore. Through a combination of experimental research and computational simulation, the effect of n-octanol on the removal of impurities by the reverse flotation of magnesite ore was studied. The test results show that when the dosage of dodecylamine was 60 mg/L, the flotation rates of magnesite and dolomite were 59.53% and 58.02%, respectively, and the flotation rate of quartz was 97.60%. In the presence of n-octanol, the flotation rate of magnesite decreased to 56.41%, and the flotation rates of dolomite and quartz increased to 61.30% and 99.59%, respectively. The test results show that the addition of n-octanol can improve the selectivity of minerals under the same amount of collector. The adsorption of dodecylamine (dodecylamine and n-octanol) on the surface of magnesite, dolomite and quartz was simulated using quantum chemical calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) and implemented in the CASTEP module of Materials Studio. The results show that dodecylamine can adsorb to magnesite, dolomite and quartz, and the adsorption effect was strongest on quartz. After adding n-octanol, the population value of the bond between the agent and magnesite decreased from 0.19 to 0.17, indicating that the adsorption effect of the agent on magnesite was weakened. The population value of the bond between the drug and dolomite increased from 0.19 to 0.23, indicating that the adsorption effect of the drug on dolomite was enhanced. H28, H29, and H2 in the drug form bonds with O12, O20, and O20 on the surface of quartz (101), respectively, and the population values were 0.43, 0.25, and 0.09, respectively. The adsorption sites of the drug and the quartz were increased, and the adsorption effect of the quartz was markedly improved. The test and simulation results show that the dosage of the agent can be reduced in the presence of n-octanol. N-octanol is not only beneficial to the removal of silicon by amine reverse flotation but also has a certain beneficial effect on the removal of calcium by reverse flotation.
Dynamics of phase oscillator networks with synaptic weight and structural plasticity
Authors: Chauhan Kanishk , Khaledi-Nasab Ali , Neiman Alexander B. , Tass Peter A.
Published: September 2022

We study the dynamics of Kuramoto oscillator networks with two distinct adaptation processes, one varying the coupling strengths and the other altering the network structure. Such systems model certain networks of oscillatory neurons where the neuronal dynamics, synaptic weights, and network structure interact with and shape each other. We model synaptic weight adaptation with spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) that runs on a longer time scale than neuronal spiking. Structural changes that include addition and elimination of contacts occur at yet a longer time scale than the weight adaptations. First, we study the steady-state dynamics of Kuramoto networks that are bistable and can settle in synchronized or desynchronized states. To compare the impact of adding structural plasticity, we contrast the network with only STDP to one with a combination of STDP and structural plasticity. We show that the inclusion of structural plasticity optimizes the synchronized state of a network by allowing for synchronization with fewer links than a network with STDP alone. With non-identical units in the network, the addition of structural plasticity leads to the emergence of correlations between the oscillators’ natural frequencies and node degrees. In the desynchronized regime, the structural plasticity decreases the number of contacts, leading to a sparse network. In this way, adding structural plasticity strengthens both synchronized and desynchronized states of a network. Second, we use desynchronizing coordinated reset stimulation and synchronizing periodic stimulation to induce desynchronized and synchronized states, respectively. Our findings indicate that a network with a combination of STDP and structural plasticity may require stronger and longer stimulation to switch between the states than a network with STDP only.
A visualization reporter system for characterizing antibiotic biosynthetic gene clusters expression with high-sensitivity
Authors: Liu Xiang , Li Jine , Li Yue , Li Junyue , Sun Huiying , Zheng Jiazhen , Zhang Jihui , Tan Huarong
Published: September 2022

The crisis of antibiotic resistance has become an impending global problem. Genome sequencing reveals that streptomycetes have the potential to produce many more bioactive compounds that may combat the emerging pathogens. The existing challenge is to devise sensitive reporter systems for mining valuable antibiotics. Here, we report a visualization reporter system based on Gram-negative bacterial acyl-homoserine lactone quorum-sensing (VRS-bAHL). AHL synthase gene (cviI) of Chromobacterium violaceum as reporter gene is expressed in Gram-positive Streptomyces to synthesize AHL, which is detected with CV026, an AHL deficient mutant of C. violaceum, via its violacein production upon AHL induction. Validation assays prove that VRS-bAHL can be widely used for characterizing gene expression in Streptomyces. With the guidance of VRS-bAHL, a novel oxazolomycin derivative is discovered to the best of our knowledge. The results demonstrate that VRS-bAHL is a powerful tool for advancing genetic regulation studies and discovering valuable active metabolites in microorganisms.
Pigment epithelium-derived factor promotes peritoneal dissemination of ovarian cancer through induction of immunosuppressive macrophages
Authors: Ueno Sayaka , Sudo Tamotsu , Saya Hideyuki , Sugihara Eiji
Published: September 2022

Peritoneal dissemination of ovarian cancer (OC) correlates with poor prognosis, but the mechanisms underlying the escape of OC cells from the intraperitoneal immune system have remained unknown. We here identify pigment epithelium–derived factor (PEDF) as a promoting factor of OC dissemination, which functions through induction of CD206+ Interleukin-10 (IL-10)–producing macrophages. High PEDF gene expression in tumors is associated with poor prognosis in OC patients. Concentrations of PEDF in ascites and serum are significantly higher in OC patients than those with more benign tumors and correlated with early recurrence of OC patients, suggesting that PEDF might serve as a prognostic biomarker. Bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) inhibitors reduce PEDF expression and limit both OC cell survival and CD206+ macrophage induction in the peritoneal cavity. Our results thus implicate PEDF as a driver of OC dissemination and identify a BET protein–PEDF–IL-10 axis as a promising therapeutic target for OC.
Mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake by the MCU facilitates pyramidal neuron excitability and metabolism during action potential firing
Authors: Groten Christopher J. , MacVicar Brian A.
Published: September 2022

Neuronal activation is fundamental to information processing by the brain and requires mitochondrial energy metabolism. Mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake by the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU) has long been implicated in the control of energy metabolism and intracellular Ca2+ signalling, but its importance to neuronal function in the brain remains unclear. Here, we used in situ electrophysiology and two-photon imaging of mitochondrial Ca2+, cytosolic Ca2+, and NAD(P)H to test the relevance of MCU activation to pyramidal neuron Ca2+ signalling and energy metabolism during action potential firing. We demonstrate that mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake by the MCU is tuned to enhanced firing rate and the strength of this relationship varied between neurons of discrete brain regions. MCU activation promoted electron transport chain activity and chemical reduction of NAD+ to NADH. Moreover, Ca2+ buffering by mitochondria attenuated cytosolic Ca2+ signals and thereby reduced the coupling between activity and the slow afterhyperpolarization, a ubiquitous regulator of excitability. Collectively, we demonstrate that the MCU is engaged by accelerated spike frequency to facilitate neuronal activity through simultaneous control of energy metabolism and excitability. As such, the MCU is situated to promote brain functions associated with high frequency signalling and may represent a target for controlling excessive neuronal activity.
Cryo-electron microscopy and image classification reveal the existence and structure of the coxsackievirus A6 virion
Authors: Büttner Carina R. , Spurný Radovan , Füzik Tibor , Plevka Pavel
Published: September 2022

Coxsackievirus A6 (CV-A6) has recently overtaken enterovirus A71 and CV-A16 as the primary causative agent of hand, foot, and mouth disease worldwide. Virions of CV-A6 were not identified in previous structural studies, and it was speculated that the virus is unique among enteroviruses in using altered particles with expanded capsids to infect cells. In contrast, the virions of other enteroviruses are required for infection. Here we used cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) to determine the structures of the CV-A6 virion, altered particle, and empty capsid. We show that the CV-A6 virion has features characteristic of virions of other enteroviruses, including a compact capsid, VP4 attached to the inner capsid surface, and fatty acid-like molecules occupying the hydrophobic pockets in VP1 subunits. Furthermore, we found that in a purified sample of CV-A6, the ratio of infectious units to virions is 1 to 500. Therefore, it is likely that virions of CV-A6 initiate infection, like those of other enteroviruses. Our results provide evidence that future vaccines against CV-A6 should target its virions instead of the antigenically distinct altered particles. Furthermore, the structure of the virion provides the basis for the rational development of capsid-binding inhibitors that block the genome release of CV-A6.
A benzimidazole-based ratiometric fluorescent probe for the accurate and rapid monitoring of lysosomal pH in cell autophagy and anticounterfeiting
Authors: Wen Chaochao , Ge Jinyin , Huang Yu , Gong Tao , Wang Congying , Yu Baofeng , Liang Wenting
Published: September 2022

The lysosomal targeted ratiometric fluorescent BD probe reveals excellent application performance in the fields of selective monitoring of the lysosome pH of living cells, real-time dynamic monitoring of autophagy, and document anti-counterfeiting.
Quantitative investigation of CeO2 surface proton conduction in H2 atmosphere
Authors: Matsuda Taku , Ishibashi Ryo , Koshizuka Yoshiki , Tsuneki Hideaki , Sekine Yasushi
Published: September 2022

For the first time, we have established a novel method for the evaluation of surface proton conduction in a dry H2 atmosphere.
Synthesis and shaping of metal–organic frameworks: a review
Authors: Li Ying , Wen Guilin , Li Jianzhe , Li Qingrun , Zhang Hongxing , Tao Bin , Zhang Jianzhong
Published: September 2022

This paper outlines the advantages and drawbacks of existing synthetic routes and shaping methods of MOFs, and provides the perspectives to guide their development.
Noble-metal-free single-phase Co3V2O8with the structural integrity of nanofibers for the selective detection of ascorbic acid
Authors: Jin Dasol , Lee Song Hee , Lee Youngmi , Lee Chongmok , Kim Myung Hwa
Published: September 2022

Single-phase Co3V2O8with the structural integrity of nanofiber exhibits high electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of ascorbic acid (AA).
A new ratiometric switch “two-way” detects hydrazine and hypochlorite via a “dye-release” mechanism with a PBMC bioimaging study
Authors: Das Sangita , Patra Lakshman , Pratim Das Partha , Ghoshal Kakali , Gharami Saswati , Walton James W. , Bhattacharyya Maitree , Mondal Tapan Kumar
Published: September 2022

A new ratiometric fluorescent probe (E)-2-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-3-(8-methoxyquinolin-2-yl)acrylonitrile (HQCN) was synthesised by the perfect blending of quinoline and a 2-benzothiazoleacetonitrile unit. The probe can selectively detects hydrazine and hypochlorite with two different outputs.
Harnessing the polymer-particle duality of ultra-soft nanogels to stabilise smart emulsions
Authors: Petrunin Alexander V. , Bochenek Steffen , Richtering Walter , Scotti Andrea
Published: September 2022

In this study, we show that emulsions stabilised by ultra-soft nanogels show proprieties in between emulsions stabilised by linear polymer and hard nanogels. This is due to the unique properties of ultra-soft nanogels adsorbed at interfaces.
Ultrafast transverse relaxation exchange NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Ullah Md Sharif , Mankinen Otto , Zhivonitko Vladimir V. , Telkki Ville-Veikko
Published: September 2022

An ultrafast two-dimensional NMR method allows quantification of molecular exchange rates efficiently based onT2relaxation contrast.
Carbon nitride based Schottky junction with a Ni–Mo synergistic interaction for highly efficient photocatalytic hydrogen production
Authors: Ding Lei , Wang Li-Jing , Liu Ru-Yi , Li Yan-Fei , Sun Hai-Zhu
Published: September 2022

A CN/3NiMoP2 Schottky junction with a Ni–Mo synergistic interaction demonstrates a comparable photocatalytic HER performance to CN/3 wt% Pt and satisfactory stability.
3D-Frameworks and 2D-networks of lanthanide coordination polymers with 3-pyridylpyrazole: photophysical and magnetic properties
Authors: Youssef Heba , Schäfer Thomas , Becker Jonathan , Sedykh Alexander E. , Basso Leonardo , Pietzonka Clemens , Taydakov Ilya V. , Kraus Florian , Müller-Buschbaum Klaus
Published: September 2022

Reactions of anhydrous lanthanide chlorides with 3-(3-pyridyl)pyrazole result in fifteen 3D- and 2D-coordination polymers besides salt-like complexes that differ in constitution and structural extension and show versatile photophysical, thermal, and magnetic properties.
Defect-induced Ce3+ sites preferences and multilevel concentration quenching of a high-efficiency cyan phosphor for high-quality full-visible-spectrum wLED
Authors: Piao Siqi , Wang Yichao , Wang Chuang , Zhou Xufeng , Zhang Jinsu , Zhang Xizhen , Cao Yongze , Chen Baojiu
Published: September 2022

The emission light of CSBO: Ce3+ changes from blue to broad band cyan emission with the increase of Ce3+ concentration resulted from defect-induced site selective occupation. The full-spectrum emission WLED of 93.2 color rendering index was obtained.
Fruit juices as a carrier of probiotics to modulate gut phenolics and microbiota
Authors: Leonard William , Liang Anqi , Ranadheera Chaminda Senaka , Fang Zhongxiang , Zhang Pangzhen
Published: September 2022

Here we attempted to deliver probiotics to the human gut using fruit juices as a carrier, which is less common despite the newest trend to incorporate probiotics into non-dairy food.
Organic solvent-free production of colloidally stable spherical lignin nanoparticles at high mass concentrations
Authors: Pylypchuk Ievgen , Sipponen Mika H.
Published: September 2022

Organic solvent-free production of lignin nanoparticles opens a new and scalable route to lignin-based nanogels and other materials.
Fast detection of hazardous chlorinated volatile organic compounds via laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
Authors: Liu Ke , Tang Zhiyang , Zhang Wen , Li Xiangyou
Published: September 2022

A novel approach is proposed to construct stable and high-intensity molecules, in which calcite is selected as the substrate to supply sufficient Ca for realizing the controllable formation of CaCl molecules in LIBS plasma.
A self-contained acoustofluidic platform for biomarker detection
Authors: Chen Xian , Zhang Chuanchao , Liu Bohua , Chang Ye , Pang Wei , Duan Xuexin
Published: September 2022

We proposed a handheld self-contained acoustofluidic system actuated by the Lamb wave resonator (LWR) array for POC chemiluminescent assay, in which the fluidic pumping, mixing, switching, and bioparticle trapping are all achieved on chip.
Similar color analysis based on deep learning (SCAD) for multiplex digital PCR via a single fluorescent channel
Authors: Cao Chaoyu , You Minli , Tong Haoyang , Xue Zhenrui , Liu Chang , He Wanghong , Peng Ping , Yao Chunyan , Li Ang , Xu Xiayu , Xu Feng
Published: September 2022

We proposed an explainable deep learning-based method to classify similar fluorescence colors for multiplex digital PCR in a single fluorescent channel.
An automatic centrifugal system for rapid detection of bacteria based on immunomagnetic separation and recombinase aided amplification
Authors: Wang Siyuan , Qi Wuzhen , Wu Shangyi , Yuan Jing , Duan Hong , Li Yanbin , Lin Jianhan
Published: September 2022

This study reported an automatic centrifugal system for rapid detection of foodborne pathogenic bacteria based on immunomagnetic separation (IMS) for target bacteria enrichment and recombinase aided amplification (RAA) for nucleic acid detection.
Wafer-scale MoS2 with water-vapor assisted showerhead MOCVD
Authors: Macha Michal , Ji Hyun Goo , Tripathi Mukesh , Zhao Yanfei , Thakur Mukeshchand , Zhang Jing , Kis Andras , Radenovic Aleksandra
Published: September 2022

We adapted the most efficient monolayer growth methodologies from tube-furnace systems to the showerhead geometries. A combination of gas-phase precursors, pre-seeding substrate coating and H2O vapor added during growth yields 4-inch monolayer MoS2.
A visible light inducing photoelectrochemical biosensor with high-performance based on a porphyrin-sensitized carbon nitride composite
Authors: Shangguan Li , Yan Changyan , Zhang Hui , Xu Gensheng , Gao Yang , Li Yuxuan , Ge Dachuan , Sun Jianhua
Published: September 2022

An outstanding photosensitive material plays a crucial role in building a high-performance and practical photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensor.
Synthesis of NiW catalysts supported on hierarchically meso/microporous KIT-5/Beta composites and their hydrodenitrogenation performance of quinoline
Authors: Liu Xing , Guo Shaoqing , Cui Haitao , Li Zhenrong , Liang Zhenhui , Li Xin , Zhao Jiantao , Yuan Lijing , Zhao Liangfu
Published: September 2022

Meso/microporous composite material KIT-5/Beta (KB) with a cubic Fm3m mesoporous structure and BEA microporous structure was successfully synthesized by an in situ assembly method.
Direct photochemical route to azoxybenzenes via nitroarene homocoupling
Authors: Yaghoubian Ali , Hodgson Gregory K. , Adler Marc J. , Impellizzeri Stefania
Published: September 2022

Ultraviolet illumination of nitrobenzenes at 365 nm produces their azoxy counterparts through a direct photochemical route.
Emissive silver(i) cyclic trinuclear complexes with aromatic amine donor pyrazolate derivatives: way to efficiency
Authors: Emashova Sofiia K. , Titov Aleksei A. , Smol'yakov Alexander F. , Chernyadyev Andrey Yu. , Godovikov Ivan A. , Godovikova Maria I. , Dorovatovskii Pavel V. , Korlykov Alexander A. , Filippov Oleg A. , Shubina Elena S.
Published: September 2022

Cyclic silver(i) fluorinated pyrazolates containing triphenylamine and carbazole moieties are emissive in solution and the solid state, giving the first example of silver pyrazolate adducts emissive in solution at room temperature.
Regioselective and late-stage polyfluoroarylation of arenes with diverse fluoroaryl nucleophiles via Pd-catalysis
Authors: Liang Lei , Wang Yue-Hui , Li Chen , Wang Hua-Jie , Yang Qi-Liang , Li Chang-Gong , Qu Gui-Rong , Guo Hai-Ming , Niu Hong-Ying
Published: September 2022

Dehydrogenative coupling of arenes with fluoroaryl nucleophiles enables the efficient synthesis of fluoroaromatic compounds from readily available starting materials.
Magnetic relaxation switching assay based on three-dimensional assembly of Fe3O4@ZIF-8 for detection of cadmium ions
Authors: Xu Zhou , Dai ShiQin , Wang YiXuan , Chen YanQiu , Cheng Yun-Hui , Peng Shuang
Published: September 2022

A sensitive immune recognition-based MOF-MRS sensor for the detection of Cd2+.
High-voltage pulse-assisted extraction of flavonoids from kapok using deep eutectic solvent aqueous solutions
Authors: Wei Ruijing , Hu Lu , Wang Lihua , Yan Peng , Lin Tao , Wang Ning , Sun Huaiqing , Zheng Bisheng , Guo Chaowan
Published: September 2022

A PEF-DES technique was used to extract flavonoids from Kapok with a TG-KF yield of 14.36 ± 0.35%; in vitro and in vivo data show that TG-KF has good stability, safety and antioxidative activity, suggesting potential as a natural anti-aging material in health and cosmetics.
Effect of terephthalic acid functionalized graphene oxide on the molecular interaction, and mechanical and thermal properties of Hytrel polymer
Authors: Bohra Bhashkar Singh , Pandey Neema , Pandey Sandeep , Rana Sravendra , Chaurasia Alok , Sahoo Nanda Gopal
Published: September 2022

Schematic diagram for process of functionalized graphene oxide based Hytrel polymer nanocomposites.
Boosting C2H2/CO2separation of metal–organic frameworksviaanion exchange and temperature elevation
Authors: Wang Ting , Mei Wei , Li Pengfei , Peng Yun-Lei , Chen Yao , Ma Jian-Gong , Cheng Peng , Fang Ming , Yu Kuang , Zhang Zhenjie
Published: September 2022

Developing new strategies to enhance adsorbents' gas separation performance is highly desirable.
Ruthenium oxychloride supported by manganese oxide for stable oxygen evolution in acidic media
Authors: Zhao Yunxing , Hu Jun , Chiang Chao-Lung , Li Ying , Yang Weichuang , Yang Zhenhai , Hung Wei-Hsuan , Lin Yan-Gu , Chen Zhong , Li Bin , Gao Pingqi , Li Hong
Published: September 2022

A stabilization strategy is developed by dispersing ruthenium oxychloride into a manganese oxide supporting material, which greatly enhances the catalytic stability of a ruthenium-based catalyst for oxygen evolution reaction under acidic conditions.
Restraining lattice oxygen of Cu2O by enhanced Cu–O hybridization for selective and stable production of ethylene with CO2 electroreduction
Authors: Yao Yebo , Zhou Yixiang , Liu Xia , Li Yongjia , Wang Dewei , Chi Xinyue , Wang Xiaoxuan , Zhao Rui , Zhang Huiying , Sun Yanfei , Yang Zhi-Yu , Wei Ying , Yan Yi-Ming
Published: September 2022

In this work, we designed an effective method to suppress the migration of lattice oxygen from the lattice structure via incorporating the boron (B) element into Cu2O, which strengthens the hybridization of Cu–O and stabilizes the active Cu+ species.
Recent advances in structural regulation and optimization of high-performance solar-driven interfacial evaporation systems
Authors: Han Xinhong , Ding Shaoqiu , Hu Hanyu , Wang Shurong
Published: September 2022

The latest advances in the synthesis and structural regulation of photothermal nanomaterials, the construction and optimization of interfacial evaporators, and the innovative design of solar-driven interfacial evaporation systems are introduced.
The design strategies and biological applications of probes for the gaseous signaling molecule hydrogen sulfide
Authors: Kong Lingxiu , Lu Wenjuan , Cao Xiaoli , Wei Yongchun , Sun Jiarao , Wang Yanfeng
Published: September 2022

Herein, we review the fluorescent probes for the detection of H2S levels and dynamics in living cells and organisms and discuss the design methods, response mechanisms, and applications.
Superhydrophilic nanocomposite adsorbents modified via nitrogen-rich phosphonate-functionalized ionic liquid linkers: enhanced phosphopeptide enrichment and phosphoproteome analysis of tau phosphorylation in the hippocampal lysate of Alzheimer's transgenic mice
Authors: Xia Chenglong , Wang Qiyao , Liang Weida , Wang Binbin , Feng Quanshou , Zhou Chenyang , Xie Yishan , Yan Yinghua , Zhao Lingling , Jiang Bo , Cui Wei , Liang Hongze
Published: September 2022

The superhydrophilic nanocomposite G@mSiO2@PEI-PFIL-Ti4+ can be use as a platform to enrich phosphopeptides in ultralow abundance from real complicated bio-samples for a phosphoproteomic study.
ROS generation strategy based on biomimetic nanosheets by self-assembly of nanozymes
Authors: Ling Pinghua , Yang Pei , Gao Xianping , Sun Xinyu , Gao Feng
Published: September 2022

Biomimetic nanosheets formed by the self-assembly of nanozymes were designed as a platform for ROS generation in cancer cells.
Anion chemical composition of poly(ethylene oxide)-based sulfonylimide and sulfonate lithium ionomers controls ion aggregation and conduction
Authors: Mei Wenwen , Yu Deyang , George Christy , Madsen Louis A. , Hickey Robert J. , Colby Ralph H.
Published: September 2022

Higher conductivity and Li diffusion coefficient due to less aggregated morphology with sulfonylimide anion highlights the dictating role of anion chemical composition in ionomer conductivity.
Coordination-driven opto-electroactive molecular thin films in electronic circuits
Authors: Sachan Pradeep , Mondal Prakash Chandra
Published: September 2022

An electrochemical method is utilized to prepare terpyridine layers on ITO, taking advantage of layer-by-layer deposition, growing opto-electro-active coordination compounds for the fabrication of electronic devices and circuit elements.
The ion migration process and cyclic stability of voltage-induced vanadium dioxide phase transition
Authors: Ji Xiaowei , Huang Aibin , Jia Hanxiang , Sun Dazhi , Jin Ping , Cao Xun
Published: September 2022

The composite film structure of LiF/VO2can effectively suppress the ion capture problem in single layer VO2, thereby improving the phase transition capability of voltage-induced ion-gated VO2.
Superhydrophobic flexible conductive PFDT/CB/MXene@Paper for high-efficiency EMI shielding and Joule heating applications
Authors: Li Qingtao , Yang Wenke , Sun Kang , Guo Yan , Liu Hu , Liu Chuntai , Shen Changyu
Published: September 2022

Flexible superhydrophobic conductive paper for high-efficiency EMI shielding and Joule heating applications.
Saturated-blue-emitting [3+2+1] coordinated iridium(iii) complexes for vacuum-deposited organic light-emitting devices
Authors: Zhang Meng , Ng Maggie , Wu Chengcheng , Tong Kai-Ning , Li Wansi , Wu Yuan , Yang Chen , Wang Min , Tang Man-Chung , Wei Guodan
Published: September 2022

The saturated-blue phosphorescent OLEDs based on the [3+2+1] coordinated iridium(iii) complexes bearing the phenyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine-based (C^C) bidentate ligands, demonstrating an EQE of 11.2% and CIE (x,y) coordinates of (0.16, 0.07).
Machine learning guided full-color V4C3 MXene quantum dots for building WLEDs
Authors: Li Shouzhen , Zheng Huayu , Ding Lan , Xiao Xie , Niu Yingchun , Tang Yaoyao , Liu Zeyang , Zhang Weiye , Zhou Yang , Xu Quan
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we report for the first time the preparation of full-color MXene quantum dots (MQDs) using V4C3. Importantly, the ML-driven XGB model guided our success in obtaining the optimal WLED with CIE color coordinates of (0.333, 0.397).