bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
De novo migraine with aura in the third trimester of pregnancy: a case report and literature review
Authors: Paškevičiūtė Elena , Bužinskienė Diana , Ryliškienė Kristina
Published: May 2021

Background: Among all headache disorders, migraine has the highest prevalence during gestation. The majority of migraineurs experience improvement during pregnancy, but a few may experience migraine for the first time. This poses a diagnostic challenge in the differential diagnosis between primary and life-threatening secondary headache disorders. Because pregnancy itself is an independent risk factor for secondary headache disorders, it is mandatory to exclude these conditions in order to diagnose migraine. There is a large body of literature about pre-existing migraine course during pregnancy and its link with adverse pregnancy outcomes, but there are no studies examining these aspects among women with new-onset migraine during pregnancy.Case report. A 31-year-old female at 33 weeks of gestation (gravida 2, para 2) was referred to the neurologist eds disturbances, which were followed by pressing severe headache, rated as 8 out of 10 on a numeric rating scale and accompanied by dizziness. The headache lasted for one day, and dizziness continued to the following day. The patient was investigated for a secondary headache disorder, but laboratory and neuroimaging results were unremarkable. A migraine with aura was diagnosed. The patient was advised to keep a consistent sleep schedule, maintain regular low physical activity, eat regularly and take magnesium supplementation. The patient was informed about a safe treatment approach in case of an acute attack. At 40 weeks of gestation the patient delivered female newborn, weighing 3750g, with Apgar scores of 8 and 9 (due to a nuchal cord). The postpartum period was uneventful. During the subsequent 4 years, the patient did not experience any recurrent migraine attacks and had no pregnancies.Conclusion. In order to diagnose a migraine during pregnancy, exclusion of secondary headache disorders is mandatory. Pregnant migraineur should be regularly monitored for adverse birth outcomes. It is essential to educate patients, provide information about the safe treatment of migraine attacks, and explain nonpharmacological prevention and supplementation benefits.
The Rhetoric of Lithuanian MeToo Discourse
Authors: Gabrėnaitė Eglė , Triaušytė Monika
Published: May 2021

The great spread of the phenomenon of MeToo, a global movement promoting the publicity of the facts of sexual harassment, has also received a response in Lithuania: anonymous stories in blogs have grown into a provocative discourse that has attracted a great deal of attention. The aim of the research presented in this article is to characterise the discourse of MeToo in terms of rhetorical expression that has not been discussed yet: to identify and elicit the dominant elements of rhetorical argumentation. The empirical research was conducted using the method of rhetorical analysis that allows distinguishing and defining in rhetorical categories the models characteristic to rhetoric appeals. The method of rhetorical analysis combined with directed content analysis, as well as with critical discourse analysis. Following the methodology of provocative narrative research, it was analysed the material published at the time of maximum intensity and involvement in the discourse, such as testimonies, publications, interviews, and comments of women who have been subjected to sexual harassment. The results of rhetorical discourse analysis allow us to discuss the culture of accusation in which the normalization of victim condemnation is prevalent, and logical reasoning gives way to prejudice-based emotional appeals.
Utility of the Rey 15-Item Test for Detecting Memory Malingering
Authors: Janavičiūtė Jovita , Lelytė Inesa , Žukevičius Algirdas , Vilcinis Rimantas , Pranckevičienė Aistė
Published: May 2021

People seeking higher privileges or disability benefits are prone to simulate cognitive difficulties (van Oorsouw, Merckelbach, 2010). The most common is the simulation of memory impairment, but there is no adapted test in Lithuania that could identify it. The purpose of this study is to determine Rey Fifteen-Item Test (FIT; Rey, 1964; Lezak, Howieson, Bigler, Tranel, 2012) sensitivity and specificity by comparing three groups of subjects: healthy responders, who perform tests, as usual, healthy responders, who were instructed to simulate memory impairments and patients with traumatic brain injuries. The study included 91 subjects aged 18 to 86 years (M=42.04 SD=13.5). The study used the “Short Term Memory Test” (STMT; Vasserman, Dorofeeva, Meyerson, 1997), the FIT, socio-demographic questions. The results of the study revealed that the malingerers and nonmalingerers did not differ in the STMA scores. Whereas in patients with traumatic brain injuries STMA scores were significantly lower. Nonmalingerers and patients with traumatic brain injuries performed better on FIT than malingerers. The probability that the malingerers score lower than people with memory difficulties is 62 up to 78 percent; FIT sensitivity ranges between 73 and 90 percent, specificity between 41 and 72 percent, depending on the RPOT cut-off score.
Applying Value-Belief-Norm Theory to Investigate Students' Waste Prevention Behaviour
Authors: Smilingytė Ernesta , Šorytė Dovilė
Published: May 2021

Even though the increasing amount of waste is one of the biggest environmental challenges we currently face, surprisingly little is known about the psychological factors of waste prevention behaviour. The purpose of the study is to examine whether students‘ waste prevention behaviour can be predicted by the Value-Belief-Norm theory. In this paper, we report results from a questionnaire study of 221 students aged from 18 to 26 years. It was found that the Value-Belief-Norm theory could indeed explain students‘ waste prevention behaviour. As expected, findings indicate that high endorsement of biospheric values is associated with a strong ecological worldview, which was related to an increased awareness of environmental consequences. Those beliefs led to stronger personal norms, which were associated with more frequent waste prevention behaviour. Understanding students‘ waste prevention behaviour and the factors predicting it is a key step that could help to reduce the amount of waste that is generated. It is particularly relevant among students because higher education environment could be an effective place to increase students‘ pro-environmental behaviour and connect this behaviour with their values, beliefs and norms.
Testing the Effect of Social Norms Theory-based Interventions: Are they Harmful for University Students who Drink Less than the Peer Norm?
Authors: Kravčenko Karina , Šeibokaitė Laura
Published: May 2021

Background. Social norms theory-based interventions have been widely used to reduce alcohol consumption among college and university students. Lately, it has been argued that such interventions may actually increase alcohol use among light drinkers. However, little studies have been focused on testing this possible negative effect. Objectives. The aim of this study was to examine possible negative impact of descriptive normative feedback (DNF) on drinking intentions among students whose baseline drinking scores were below the average of a reference group. We also studied the preventive effect of injunctive normative feedback (INF). Methods. Actual descriptive and injunctive norms were collected from 234 university students. From those who reported drinking below the norm, 26 were randomly assigned to a control or intervention condition that received normative feedback via PowerPoint presentations over two meetings. Results. DNF increased students’ intentions of spirits drinking frequency and quantity. Meanwhile intentions to drink beer, cider, wine and cocktails remained the same. Increased intentions to drink spirits were not reduced by INF. Conclusions. Findings suggest that DNF-based interventions might negatively affect the use of spirits among those students who consume less than their peer norm by increasing their intentions to drink spirits more often and in larger quantities. Ways other than the INF to prevent this negative effect need to be further explored.
The Influence of Applicant's and Rater’s Sex on Decision Making in Hiring Simulation
Authors: Norvaišaitė Justė , Mikuličiūtė Vita
Published: May 2021

Gender stereotypes have determined that the concepts of management and leadership are more associated with men than women. There are more men working in management positions than women in various countries, including Lithuania. The most widely discussed cause for that is discrimination against women in the labor market. The aim of the study was to examine evaluation differences between personnel specialists and comparison group, depending on their own and candidate‘s gender. Study was based on quasi-experimental strategy which included a hiring simulation. Participants had to evaluate potential candidates, a man and a woman, seeking for a job in management position. Data was collected from 128 people (age range - 19 to 56 years): 48 personnel specialists (M=29,38; SD=7,48), 49 women, who represented other specialties (M=26,29; SD=7,36) and 31 men, who represented other specialties (M=25,39; SD=5,05). Both personnel specialists and comparison group evaluated man and woman-candidate as similar. There were no significant differences between the two candidates on their hireability, reliability, competence, potential salary and promotability. However, results also indicate that personnel specialists and women, representing other specialties, suggested that man was more capable to work in teams than woman. The study gives an insight about the possibility of gender stereotype change.
The Effect of Achievement Motivation on Organizational Commitment in High School Level of Education
Authors: Nurochim Nurochim
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis article aims to discuss the effect of economic civil servant teachers' achievement motivation to the organizational commitment in Jakarta High Schools. All this time, Commitment is always associated with motivation. Organisational commitment is a picture of an individual who identifies with the organisation and has a common goal. Organisational commitment does not come by itself but is influenced by factors such as motivation. Therefore, it becomes vital to examine further the effect of motivation, in this case, the achievement motivation of teachers concerning organisational commitment. This study applied quantitative research design with survey methods while employing a path analysis model to analyse the data. A total of 200 economic teachers from the Municipality of East Jakarta, Central Jakarta, West Jakarta, South Jakarta, and the Thousand Islands District joined this study. Sampling in this study was chosen by (simple random sampling) of the population. This study found that based on the results of the analysis and testing of the hypothesis, it can be found that achievement motivation has given a direct positive effect to organizational commitment. Based on this empirical evidence, it can be seen that this finding shows that achievement motivation is one of the variables that have a direct positive effect on organisational commitment.   AbstrakArtikel ini bertujuan untuk membahas pengaruh motivasi berprestasi guru PNS bidang ekonomi terhadap komitmen organisasi di SMA Negeri Jakarta. Selama ini Komitmen selalu dikaitkan dengan motivasi. Komitmen organisasi merupakan gambaran individu yang mengidentifikasikan diri dengan organisasi dan memiliki tujuan yang sama. Komitmen organisasi tidak datang dengan sendirinya tetapi dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor seperti motivasi. Oleh karena itu, menjadi penting untuk mengkaji lebih jauh pengaruh motivasi dalam hal ini prestasi belajar guru terhadap komitmen organisasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode survei dengan menggunakan model analisis jalur untuk menganalisis data. Studi ini diikuti oleh 200 guru ekonomi dari Kota Jakarta Timur, Jakarta Pusat, Jakarta Barat, Jakarta Selatan, dan Kabupaten Kepulauan Seribu. Pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini dipilih dengan (simple random sampling) dari populasi. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa berdasarkan hasil analisis dan pengujian hipotesis diketahui bahwa motivasi berprestasi berpengaruh langsung positif terhadap komitmen organisasi. Berdasarkan bukti empiris tersebut dapat diketahui bahwa temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa motivasi berprestasi merupakan salah satu variabel yang berpengaruh langsung positif terhadap komitmen organisasi.  How to Cite:  Nurochim (2020).  The Effect of Achievement Motivation on Organizational Commitment in High School Level Of Education. TARBIYA: Journal of Education in Muslim Society, 7(2), 192-203. doi:10.15408/tjems.v7i2.15956.
Elementary Math Learning Design: An Integration with Islamic Environmental Ethics in the First Grade
Authors: Mauluah Luluk , Marsigit Marsigit , Wangid Muhammad Nur
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis research discusses the design of mathematics learning based on   Islamic Environmental Ethics (IEE). The purpose of the research was to discover how to implement IEE in elementary mathematics learning, especially grade 1. This qualitative research method begins with the analysis of condition grade1 to 6. By analyzing the themes of grade 1 to grade 6, then themes are qualified percentage according to the use of terms related to Islamic Environmental Ethics (IEE) and after that,  compiled a matrix containing competencies, classes, activities and assessments to implement it. The results of this study are, the first year has the lowest percentage of 32.5 % of its IEE content so it needs to be developed. From the selection of basic competencies, KD 3.5, 4.5, 3.6 and 4.6 are selected for their implementation. The implications obtained by the IEE component concerning Islamic concern for the earth, especially those listed in the hadith on cleanliness. Based on the hadith, learning activities are arranged using used goods at worksheet one and worksheet 2. Based on its activities, assessment is prepared through rubrics, performance assessments and questionnaires.                                                                      Abstrak     Penelitian ini membahas tentang desain pembelajaran matematika berbasis Islamic Environmental Ethics (IEE). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerapan IEE pada pembelajaran matematika SD khususnya kelas 1. Metode penelitian kualitatif ini diawali dengan analisis kondisi kelas 1 sampai dengan kelas 6. Dengan menganalisis tema dari kelas 1 sampai dengan kelas 6, maka tema tersebut memenuhi syarat. persentase sesuai penggunaan istilah terkait Islamic Environmental Ethics (IEE) dan setelah itu disusun matriks yang berisi kompetensi, kelas, kegiatan dan penilaian untuk mengimplementasikannya. Hasil dari penelitian ini, tahun pertama memiliki persentase terendah yaitu 32,5% konten IEE-nya sehingga perlu dikembangkan. Dari pemilihan kompetensi dasar tersebut dipilih KD 3.5, 4.5, 3.6 dan 4.6 untuk pelaksanaannya. Implikasi yang diperoleh komponen IEE tentang kepedulian Islam terhadap bumi, terutama yang tercantum dalam hadits tentang kebersihan. Berdasarkan hadits, kegiatan pembelajaran disusun dengan menggunakan barang bekas pada LKS satu dan LKS dua. Berdasarkan kegiatannya disusun penilaian melalui rubrik, penilaian kinerja dan angket.How to Cite:  Mauluah, L., Marsigit, Wangid, M. N. (2020).  Elementary Math Learning Design: An  Integration with Islamic Environmental Ethics in the First Grade. TARBIYA: Journal of Education in Muslim Society, 7(2), 241-251. doi:10.15408/tjems.v7i2.19975.
Pre-sowing treatment of winter wheat and spring barley seeds with the extremely high frequencies electromagnetic field
Authors: Bezpal'ko V.V. , Stankevych S.V. , Matsyura A.V.
Published: May 2021

The increase in the yield capacity of cereal spike crops under the current change of the climatic conditions in Ukraine will have a positive tendency in the nearest future. However, sustainable grain production under sharp weather fluctuations is possible only with the agro-technological systems' improvement. The pre-sowing seed treatment with chemical synthesis pesticides remains the primary method in the agricultural industry today. However, pesticides inevitably have a negative influence on the ecosystem of any level. A more environmentally friendly seed treatment method under the intensive technology is the combination of microwave seed irradiation and seed incrustation with the plant growth regulators that increase the cereal crops' yield capacity up to 15–20 %. It is possible to reduce the negative influence of chemical measures on the quality of the cereal crops seeds by using for the seed treatment a mixture of a treatment agent with the preparations having the stimulating properties. The most promising among all physical methods of the pre-sowing seed treatment is the microwave technology, which suppresses the entire complex of the seed infection and can become an alternative to the chemical method of plant protection. The universal character and practical importance of MW technologies combined with the growth-regulating substances consist not only in the increase in the yield capacity of the field crops but also in reducing the technogenic load on the environment. The peculiarity of EMF of EHF application in agricultural production is the necessity to consider the crops' specific electro-physical, technological, and biological properties. High heterogeneity greatly influences the electromagnetic action energy and the final result.
Factibilidad de la producción de huevos de gallinas ponedoras con acceso a pastoreo
Authors: Cruz Bermúdez Ana , WingChing Jones Rodolfo , Zamora Sanabria Rebeca
Published: May 2021

Introducción. La producción de gallinas con acceso a pastoreo integra el manejo del ave, forraje y la comercialización. Objetivo. Describir los sistemas de producción de gallinas ponedoras con acceso a pastoreo en Costa Rica y determinar la factibilidad de la implementación de un modelo de producción. Materiales y Métodos. Durante los años 2017 y 2018, se recolectó y analizó la información de producción, sanidad, pastoreo y manejo del huevo en seis granjas con aves de postura que presentan acceso al pastoreo. Para determinar la factibilidad del modelo de producción propuesto, se elaboró un flujo de caja (diez años), que contempló las inversiones para el desarrollo del sistema y una tasa de inflación del 10 % a través de los años. Se calcularon los costos de inversión, operación e ingresos por venta de huevo, gallinas de descarte y gallinaza. Se calcularon el VAN, TIR, relación B/C y punto de equilibrio. Resultados. El 66 % de los sistemas manejan aves especializadas, densidades entre 5 a 12 y 1 a 3 aves m-2 en el galpón y área de pastoreo respectivamente. El pastoreo se inició entre las 22 y 32 semanas, con sesiones de 2 a 10 horas día-1. Cinco sistemas no sustituyeron el alimento por forraje, lo consideran como aporte adicional. La propuesta, es demandante en instalaciones, terreno y equipo de trabajo. El alimento representó el 41 % de los costos operativos, seguido por el personal y la compra de las aves. Es rentable, al obtener un VAN positivo ($31 455,39), TIR de 21,48 %, una relación B/C>1 y se recupera la inversión a los seis años. Conclusión. Las granjas con gallinas ponedoras con acceso a pastoreo podrían mejorar en aspectos nutricionales y del cultivo del forraje. Además, son sistemas de producción que presentan indicadores económicos que propician su implementación.
Evaluación agronómica y nutricional de genotipos de Chloris gayana para la ganadería Colombiana
Authors: Mejía Salazar Julian Roberto , Nieto Sierra David Felipe , Mejía Kerguelen Sergio Luis , Arango Miguel , Burbano Erazo Esteban , Higuita Corrales Iván De Jesús
Published: May 2021

Introducción. Los forrajes de pastoreo son la principal fuente alimenticia del ganado. La variación climática reta a los productores a mantener una oferta constante de alimento, por lo que es necesario explorar otras alternativas forrajeras. Objetivo. Evaluar el comportamiento de veinte genotipos de Chloris gayana para explotaciones ganaderas. Materiales y métodos. El trabajo se desarrolló en el Centro de Investigación El Nus de la Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), San José del Nus, Antioquia, Colombia. Se empleó un diseño de bloques completos al azar, tres repeticiones y veinte tratamientos (genotipos Chloris gayana). En el análisis se utilizó un modelo mixto medidas repetidas en el tiempo, con el procedimiento GLIMMIX, cuyo efecto tiempo lo representó edad de corte. Las frecuencias de corte utilizadas fueron 21, 28, 35 y 42 días, entre agosto 2017 y octubre 2019 en época de baja y alta precipitación. Se evaluó vigor, cobertura de la especie, altura de planta, incidencia de plagas y patógenos, floración, rendimiento de materia seca (MS), proteína cruda (PC), fibra en detergente neutro y ácido (FDN, FDA), lignina (LIG), digestibilidad (DIG), hemicelulosa (HEM) y energía neta de lactancia (ENL). Resultados. Los caracteres que aportaron mayor variabilidad fueron MS, PC, FDN, FDA y DIG, se observó una asociación entre DIG, HEM y ENL. Se presentaron diferencias entre épocas y entre genotipos para la mayoría de las variables, a excepción de PC. La lignina fue la única que presentó diferencia en la triple interacción (genotipo*época*días de corte). La interacción genotipo*época mostró diferencias para FDA y LIG. El genotipo 13103 obtuvo el mayor rendimiento de MS (3032,2 kg MS ha-1). La B. Decumbens presentó el menor contenido de FDA y LIG, pero la mayor digestibilidad. Conclusiones. Los genotipos experimenales presentaron características de productividad y nutricionales similares e incluso mejores que los testigos.
Aspectos Psicológicos da Fibromialgia – Revisão Integrativa
Authors: Monteiro Érico Augusto Barreto , De Oliveira Luciene , Oliveira Walter Lisboa
Published: May 2021

O objetivo do trabalho foi gerar um panorama descritivo de estudos relacionando aspectos psicológicos à fibromialgia. A partir de um levantamento bibliográfico nos bancos Scielo e Pepsic no período de 2015 a 2019, foi realizada uma revisão integrativa. Após a extração, foram selecionados 19 artigos que atendiam os critérios de inclusão. Os dados foram organizados, tabulados e submetidos a Análise Bibliométrica e de Conteúdo. Resultaram 13 artigos de pesquisa de campo, quatro de revisão bibliográfica e dois psicométricos, e seus conteúdos foram analisados em quatro categorias: “coping e estresse”, “ansiedade”, “depressão” e “outros aspectos psicológicos”. Destacam-se dificuldades de adaptação à enfermidade, com consequências negativas como isolamento social, redução de atividades físicas, fadiga, interferência na vida sexual e no sono, além de estresse como consequência e agravante dos sintomas. Houve prevalência de estudos sobre ansiedade e depressão, com correlação positiva de ambas com a intensidade da dor e outros sintomas da fibromialgia.
Estratégias de Prevenção do Suicídio em Médicos: Revisão Sistemática de Literatura
Authors: Kawasaki Ivete Hiroko , Ambra Pedro Eduardo Silva
Published: May 2021

O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura para identificar e analisar as estratégias de prevenção do suicídio utilizadas em médicos. A classe médica é uma das que mais cometem suicídio, é um problema mundial e de saúde pública. A OMS (Organização Mundial da Saúde) e outras organizações internacionais têm trabalhado juntas para reduzir o suicídio, no entanto, esse fenômeno não foi reduzido entre os médicos. A revisão sistemática foi realizada em cinco base de dados (PubMed, LILACS, SciELO, PsycINFO, Cochrane) com estudos publicados referentes à prevenção do suicídio em médicos nos últimos 11 anos (2008-2018). Foram encontrados apenas 05 artigos que atenderam os critérios de inclusão. Observou-se que não há homogeneidade ou sistematização clara nas intervenções, houve pouca participação dos médicos nos programas de prevenção do suicídio devido ao estigma do transtorno mental e ao suicídio, mas que foram eficazes para aqueles que procuraram por ajuda.
Rede de apoio da criança acolhida: a perspectiva da criança
Authors: Furtado Monalisa Pereira , Magalhães Celina Maria Colino , Silva Agnes De Maria Júnior da , Santos Juliana Oliveira dos
Published: May 2021

A primeira formação de rede de apoio tende ocorrer no contexto familiar. Posteriormente, as redes se estendem para a família extensa, amigos, professores. Para as crianças que vivenciam o acolhimento institucional, soma-se a formação de vínculos no interior da instituição. O presente estudo objetivou conhecer a rede de apoio de crianças em acolhimento institucional. Participaram do estudo oito crianças, entre quatro e dez anos. Utilizaram-se questionários para caracterização sociodemográfica e o Mapa dos cinco campos. Principais resultados: 1) A figura da genitora aparece no nível mais alto do mapa para todas as crianças; 2) A família extensa é amplamente representada; 3) Os membros da instituição foram representados de maneira positiva; 4) A maioria das crianças indicou relações negativas com colegas da escola. Conclui-se ser necessário fortalecer a rede de apoio social das crianças, com o intuito de facilitar o processo de reinserção familiar, além de auxiliar no período de acolhimento.
Demokratyczne państwo prawne i podstawy ustroju demokratycznego w dyskursie Sejmu X kadencj
Authors: Fiktus Paweł
Published: May 2021

Democratic rule of law and the foundations of the democratic system in the discourse of the Sejm of the 10th termThe June elections in 1989, as a result of which representatives of the then contemporary opposition circles were introduced to the Po-lish parliament, radically changed the Sejm’s political and legal di-scourse. As a consequence of the December Novelization of Decem-ber 29, 1989, that is the amendment to the Constitution of the Polish People’s Republic of July 22, 1952, the principle of a democratic state ruled by law came into force rejecting the provisions on the leading role of the communist party as well as the alliance with the USSR. Undoubtedly, the changes of the second half of 1989 were a conti-nuation of the changes of the first half of 1989, which then resulted in the so -called April Novelization. Importantly, in the first half of 1989, the arrangements made during the Round Table negotiations initiated the transition, and draft amendments to the constitution were developed by the Council of State. In turn, in the second half of 1989 (i.e. after the so -called June elections), before the debate in the Sejm forum and later in the Senate forum took place, proposals for consti-tutional changes were presented in parliamentary texts, which were the subject of a parliamentary initiative. The aim of this thesis is to present the most important Sejm documents containing the then po-stulates relating to radical changes within the constitution. Particular attention should be paid to the issue of the principle of a democratic rule of law underpinning the new political and legal system.
Realizm polityczny Romana Dmowskiego
Authors: Flaga Katarzyna Iwona
Published: May 2021

Roman Dmowski’s political realismThe scientific paper is on Roman Dmowski, his pieces of work and his political views, in particular his political realism. The first part presents the foundations of the political realism paradigm, then com-pared with Dmowski’s views arising from his works. The time frame of the scientific paper is the period of Dmoski’s work until Poland regains independence.
Conceptual Basis for Metaphorical Image Interpretation in Different Linguocultures
Authors:   National Research Tomsk State University, Yurina Elena , Avramenko Olesya ,   National Research Tomsk State University
Published: May 2021

The article considers Russian and English figurative words and expressions that demonstrate metaphorization of bakery products images. The cognitive basis of metaphorical projections, universal and specific models of figurative analogies are revealed. The material includes 36 English units metaphorically motivated by 12 names of bakery products (biscuit, bun, cake, cookie, doughnut, dumpling, muffin, pancake, pie, pudding, tart, toast) and 98 Russian figurative units motivated by 16 culinary names (baranka, blin, bublik, bulka, kalach, karal'ka, keks, kovrizhka, krendel', lepeshka, pampushka, pirog, pljushka, ponchik, pyshka, suhar'). The speech material consists of the corpus data and includes 167 Russian and 109 English contexts. The analysis methodology is based on the cognitive metaphor theory, the semasiological theory of lexical and phraseological figurativeness, methods of contrastive analysis, linguocultural commenting and corpus research techniques. Static salient criteria of bakery products were revealed (round, spherical, ring-shaped, flat; specific colour; lush, soft, elastic, crumbly structure; high temperature; sweet, pleasant taste), as well as process and dynamic characteristics associated with cooking and food intake procedures. It is proved that these criteria in both linguistic cultures are grounded at the source of figurative characteristics of some human body parts, figure and hairstyle, social and political life phenomena, animate and inanimate objects. The results of the study contribute to metaphorology, linguoculturology, cognitive semantics and pragmatics, comparative lexicology and phraseology; they can be used in teaching of Russian and English as foreign languages, as well as in lexicographic practice.
National-and-Cultural Specificity of Biblical Anthroponyms in the Composition of Spanish and Russian Phraseological Units: Dynamic Aspect
Authors:   Moscow State Linguistic University, Fedosova Oksana , Kutieva Marina ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics
Published: May 2021

The article presents a synchronous comparative analysis of the semantic structure of biblical anthroponyms Matusalén / Mafusail (Methuselah), Adán / Adam, Lázaro / Lazar as part of the Spanish and Russian phraseological units. The research aims at determining and comparing the national-and-cultural specifics of biblical anthroponyms in the Spanish language worldview against the background of the Russian one, and elucidates the cognitive basis of this specificity. The methods of phraseological identification, vocabulary definitions analysis, functional and pragmatic interpretation have been used. The main methods applied are component, discursive, linguo-cultural and comparative analysis. It is concluded that national and cultural specificity of biblical-anthroponyms in the Spanish language picture of the world is manifested in the contradiction between the actual and etymological meanings of biblical anthroponyms, in the stylistic detraction of biblical images, their habitation and desacralization with the predominance of pejorative assessment. In Russian linguoculture, biblical anthroponyms mostly retain their original etymology, relate to moral categories and internal characteristics of a person, while in Spanish they are associated with external, physical characteristics. In everyday Spanish discourse, there is a further expansion and detraction in the semantics of bibleisms, their reinterpretation within the tendency to carnivality, resulting from implementation of humorous attitude to reality comprehension.
Axiological Linguistics and Nationally Oriented Lexicography: Experience of Interaction (On the Material of Russian-Vietnamese Comparisons)
Authors:   Pushkin State Russian Language Institute, Mamontov Аleksandr , Boguslavskaya Vera ,   Pushkin State Russian Language Institute, Budnik Ekaterina ,   Pushkin State Russian Language Institute, Ratnikova Albertina ,   Pushkin State Russian Language Institute, Ngoc Trinh ,   Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences
Published: May 2021

The article touches upon the issues of theoretical and applied nature and reflects the essence of two adjacent linguistic scientific disciplines interaction, each studying the phenomenon of values that influence the formation of speech, behavioural and the communicative competence of a person. The authors consider this interaction future implementation in a unique lexicographic source designed to optimize the process of learning a language as a means of intercultural communication. Thus, authors are talking about a future dictionary, called "linguistic and cultura" and introducing the cultural component of the semantics of the units included in its vocabulary. The methodology for creating the concept of a dictionary is based on the analysis of the linguo-cognitive value system, where the concepts accentuate phenomenon, which allows one to explicate the specifics of the ethnic consciousness of a non-lingual culture representative. As examples of considering the semantic content, the authors offer the values as "love" and "labour", which are included in the primary system of values of the native speakers of the Russian language and culture. A strategy for the study of interaction of two related scientific disciplines was introduced: axiological linguistics and educational lexicography enable the creation of a new type of dictionary – a nationally oriented linguistic and cultural dictionary for the Vietnamese audience studying Russian as a means of intercultural communication. The article describes the experimental procedure, which is based on the theoretical and methodological framework. The analysis of the results obtained, revealed the specificity of the value orientations of the compared linguocultures. The research data relevance to educational lexicography theoretical and applied aspects is established. The contrasted research material, represented in the article, corresponds to the goals and objectives of the nationally oriented study.
Ethno-Demographic Dynamics of the Settlement Network of Rostov Region: Trends of the Early 21st Century
Authors:   Federal Research Centre the Southern Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Suschiy Sergey
Published: May 2021

The article analyzes the rates and scale of the ethno-demographic dynamics of the settlement network in Rostov region. The study shows a significant slowdown of the process of replacement of the Russian core population with representatives of large ethnic communities in the early 21st century. However, in the early 2010s, about 500 localities (a quarter of the total number) were already involved in this process. This process was the most intensive in localities with up to 100 inhabitants. In 2010, more than 11% of such settlements have already gone through a radical ethno-demographic transformation of their population or were close to its completion. Among the settlements with the population of 101– 300 people the number of such settlements was 3.9%; among the settlements with 301–1000 people this share was 1.2%. There were no large settlements (more than 1 thousand inhabitants) that went through a radical replacement of their core population by new one in the region. The bulk of the settlements which were involved in this transformation process were located in the southern and eastern areas of the region, where large communities of the Meskhetian Turks, Chechens and the peoples of Dagestan settled. The conclusion is made that the process of ethno-demographic transformation of the settlement network of the region for the nearest future will remain limited to the level of small settlements, and geographically to the south and east of the region. However, by 2030–2035, large groups of settlements that have almost completely lost their core Russian population and have a high level of social economic and cultural specificity may appear in the region. Local authorities will face a difficult task of a complex optimization of interaction of such territorial and ethnic areas with regional society.
Modelos na filosofia da ciência e epistemologia: Implicações para a ciência escolar
Authors: Oliveira Darlan Morais , Maximino Caio
Published: May 2021

Os modelos são importantes componentes na atividade científica, porém suas funções são divergentes diante das várias vertentes da filosofia da ciência e epistemologia. Correntes como o realismo e antirrealismo discutem a importância dos modelos, colocando-os em patamares distintos. Ao mesmo tempo, é imprescindível compreender a visão sobre o uso dos modelos enquanto subsídios no ensino de ciências. O debate realismo/anti-realismo não representa uma mera curiosidade epistemológica, mas algo que têm consequências para a ciência escolar, entendida como um processo de transposição didática que, por necessidade, apóia-se em idealizações. Saídas para o problema são apresentadas, incluindo um foco nas transposições didáticas e na historiografia das ciências.
TENSÕES E DESAFIOS DA DOCÊNCIA DE JOVENS PROFESSORES EM INSERÇÃO PROFISSIONAL
Authors: Cruz Giseli Barreto da , Oliveira Fernanda Lahtermaher
Published: May 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar tensões e desafios da docência que permeiam a prática de ensino de jovens professores durante o processo de inserção profissional. Busca-se olhar para a entrada na escola, as tensões enfrentadas e as estratégias de superação que incidem no processo de socialização e desenvolvimento profissional. Participaram do estudo 16 professores de várias áreas disciplinares, com atuação nas três etapas da Educação Básica e no contexto de instituições públicas de ensino. A metodologia envolveu entrevista com todos os participantes e observação de aulas de alguns deles. Os resultados confirmam tensões decorrentes do choque de realidade; apontam que as tensões enfrentadas manifestam-se em torno de questões pedagógicas, comunitárias e estruturais; e indicam a busca por parcerias como estratégia nodal de superação. A conclusão destaca que o esforço dos professores em prol de uma prática docente comprometida com as demandas sociais, intelectivas, morais, comportamentais e afetivas de seus alunos esbarra nas tensões decorrentes da condição em que se encontram de iniciantes na carreira, corroborando a necessidade de políticas de formação e valorização do desenvolvimento profissional nessa fase.
Les contrats commerciaux internationaux face aux situations de crises sanitaires transnationales dans le cadre du MERCOSUR
Authors: Mazzuoli Valerio de Oliveira , Prado Gabriella Boger
Published: May 2021

De nombreuses pandémies ont frappé le monde. A l’heure actuelle, le monde traverse une crise inédite et dramatique : la pandémie mondiale de la COVID-19. Que cela relève des conséquences naturelles des pandémies ou des mesures y afférentes et imposées par les États, ce sont d’innombrables contrats internationaux en cours qui voient leur exécution compromise, plus difficiles, voire même impossible. Le débat s’intensifie en droit interne des contrats, notamment autour de la possibilité d’application de la force majeure, notion commune aux pays de droit civiliste, ou encore de la clause dite de hardship, typique des pays du common law. Or, les mécanismes typiques des droits nationaux ne sont souvent pas adaptés au commerce international qui, du fait de sa propre nature, exige des solutions adaptées à son caractère à risque. En outre, les conflits entre les différents systèmes juridiques concernés peuvent constituer un risque supplémentaire car il existe souvent un manque de cohérence et de coordination entre les solutions envisagées dans les différents pays. Devant ce complexe scenario, quelles sont les solutions portées par le Droit international privé dans un tel cas ? En passant par la définition de la loi applicable aux contrats commerciaux internationaux en arrivant jusqu’aux possibles solutions matérielles existantes en cas de manifeste difficulté ou impossibilité d’exécution, cet article vise à orienter les opérateurs du droit dans les pays du MERCOSUR à solutionner les possibles conflits originaires des impacts directs et indirects des crises sanitaires transnationales dans leurs relations commerciales internationales.
The protection if intellectual property rights under international investment law
Authors: Rivero Godoy Juan Manuel
Published: May 2021

The present book is a masterpiece on both international arbitration and intellectual property features where the authors have achieved to address the attention to substantial and procedural elements when an international conflict arises between different actors such as states, companies, individuals, etc.
El fenómeno de la “agencificación” en la administración de la Unión Europea
Authors: Kühn Baca Werner Miguel
Published: May 2021

El artículo ofrece un análisis del proceso denominado “agencificación” que ha llevado a la UE a servirse de numerosas agencias a fin de cumplir con sus tareas administrativas. El enfoque se encuentra en el estatuto de estas agencias dentro del ordenamiento jurídico de la UE, la manera en la que éstas se establecen, su organización interna y financiamiento, los procedimientos de toma de decisiones, así como su funcionamiento. Se efectúa además una clasificación de las agencias conforme a determinadas categorías. Asimismo, se explican los desafíos a los que se enfrentan las agencias en su actividad cotidiana. Se expone igualmente su relación con las instituciones europeas, sobre todo en lo que respecta el control democrático y de legalidad que éstas últimas ejercen.
Protocol for preparing seagrass-microbiome samples for DNA extraction v1
Authors: Ettinger Cassie
Published: May 2021

This protocol details methods for preparing seagrass-asscociated microbiome samples for DNA extraction.
d2 11/5 v1
Authors: Guliakina Maria , Guliakina Mar
Published: May 2021

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Incidence and risk factors for neural tube defects in a Bosnian population
Authors: Mrkulić Elmedina , Vukas Emina , Maksić Hajrija , Sakić Meliha , Mahmutović Jasmina , Dizdar Selma , Mizdrak Alma , Mišanović Verica
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Neural tube defects (NTDs) are multifactorial congenital anomalies of the central nervous system that results from failed neural tube closure between the 3rd and 4th weeks of embryonic development. Numerous clinical and experimental studies indicate that supplementation with folic acid before and during early pregnancy reduces the development of these anomalies. The present study examined the incidence and risk factors for NTDs and evaluated the effects of folic acid supplementation.Methods: This cross-sectional study included all children with NTDs who were hospitalized at the Pediatric Clinic, Clinical Centre University of Sarajevo during the period from January 01, 2008 to December 31, 2012. Data were collected retrospectively from the medical histories of hospitalized children. The study included children in pediatric clinics from four cantons (Sarajevo, Zenica–Doboj, Unsko–Sanski, and Central Bosnia) of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The number of live births for the specified period in each of the four cantons was taken from a report by the Cantonal Ministry of Health.Results: Among the 69,096 live births recorded during the study period, 39 children had verified NTDs, with an overall incidence of 0.56:1,000 (or 5.6:10,000) in all four cantons. The most common NTDs were myelomeningocele with hydrocephalus (22/39, 56.4%), followed by isolated myelomeningocele (9/39, 23.1%), spina bifida occulta (7/39, 17.9%), and occipitocele (1/39, 2.6%). A total of 33.3% (13/39) of mothers took folic acid, but only one began supplementation prior to pregnancy, while 67.7% (26/39) of mothers did not take folic acid during pregnancy. NTDs were found more frequently in primiparas (53.8%), women with low education (basic school, 64.1%), and unemployed women (82.1%).Conclusion: It is important to make national recommendations for folic acid supplementation for women of reproductive age, but also change the public health policy that includes mandatory fortification of basic foods as this is the best measure for primary prevention of NTDs in the whole population regardless of employment and education status. Additional comprehensive studies are required to assess the incidence and risk factors throughout Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Producción científica en Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua: una revisión sistematizada
Authors: Candia Luján Ramón , Candia Sosa Kevin , Enríquez Del Castillo Aracery , Gutiérrez Cháuez Perla , Guedea Delgado Julio Cesar
Published: May 2021

La producción científica es un parámetro importante para establecer las diferentes clasificaciones de las universidades, ya sea a nivel nacional o internacional. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la producción científica de la salud de la Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua; para esto, se llevó a cabo una revisión sistematizada de la base de datos Scopus. Se identificaron 1472 documentos de la Universidad, de los cuales 315 fueron firmados al menos por un investigador del área de la salud. Las facultades que tienen una mayor producción científica son la de Medicina y Ciencias Biomédicas y la de la Ciencias de la Cultura Física con 128 y 110 documentos, respectivamente. En el 67,6 % de los documentos hubo colaboración nacional, mientras que en el 38,1 % la colaboración fue nacional. En el 43,8 % el autor principal de los documentos fue un investigador de la Universidad. Se concluye que la producción científica del la Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, en general, ha aumentado en los últimos años; sin embargo, aún está lejos de los grandes productores nacionales.
CIVIL SOCIETY IN UKRAINE: THORNY PATH OF CREATION
Authors: Tsokur Yevhen
Published: May 2021

Problem of the creation of civil society institutions is actual and requested. Ukrainian society is in a search state of optimum model of existence and communication with the state and power from the moment of independence acquisition. A few attempts of building of effective institutions of civil society in Ukraine failed. However the search continues. Own and world experience inspires the Ukrainian people on creation of own way to the real democracy cherished in dreams.
Research of formation and development of civil society at the national level is not only extremely important, but also vital in the context of world legitimation processes. Essence of civil society is in structural opposition to power, public control over its activities.
Civil society is the initiator of power delegitimation and it is also is an indicator of gaining legitimacy by the authorities. One of functions of civil society is to non-admit, and better prevent coming to power potentially illegitimate power institutes and establishment of the illegitimate regimes. Civil society can give birth on the «barricades» of fight against illegitimate power and to disappear after defeat in this fight, or to degrade under the pressure of external and internal contradictions. A task of civil society is not only society mobilization on a fight against the illegitimate regime but also consolidation of society with the aim of further effective state formation.
SCIENTIFIC UNDERSTANDING OF THE INFORMATION WAR (Book review: Kalinichenko B.M. Information warfare: escalation factors and means of counteraction. Cherkasy: Publisher Chabanenko Yu., 2020. 350 p.)
Authors: Sharyi Viacheslav
Published: May 2021

Bohdan Kalinichenko, a candidate of political science, senior lecturer at the Department of Civil Service, Public Administration and Political Science at Cherkasy National University named after Bohdan Khmelnytsky, recently published a fundamental monograph entitled “Information Warfare: Escalation Factors and Countermeasures”. In the current conditions of the unprecedented aggression against Ukraine unleashed by the Russian Federation, this study acquires special significance.
The leitmotif of the proposed study is the idea that the modern world is engulfed in an unprecedented technological revolution. Accordingly, its driver for the last half century has become information and communication technologies. This phenomenon permeates all spheres of activity of the individual, society and the state, including foreign policy.