bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CORPOS QUE TRANSGRIDEM
Authors: Rios Dinameire Oliveira Carneiro
Published: November 2022

Neste trabalho apresenta-se uma leitura da representação do corpo feminino em dois romances históricos, ambientados em um contexto colonial, Desmundo (1996), da autora brasileira Ana Miranda, e A árvore das palavras (2004), da portuguesa Teolinda Gersão. As duas narrativas, situadas respectivamente no Brasil Colônia do século XVI e em Moçambique no século XX, centram-se em personagens femininas para recontar, ficcionalmente, as experiências vividas por mulheres durante o processo de colonização. Para tanto, são postas em cena a realidade político-social a qual essas mulheres estavam submetidas, evidenciando o cerceamento e as imposições comuns ao sujeito feminino. É neste contexto que questões como o casamento e a maternidade tornam-se centrais no processo de representação dos corpos das personagens protagonistas, comprovando que a condição colonial não pode ser vista nos romances como uma mera peculiaridade histórica, mas como um elemento que duplifica a situação de dominação e subalternidade da mulher. Por isso, interessa saber, neste trabalho, de que forma tal condição histórica entrecorta e influencia na construção dessas representações femininas, analisando, inclusive, a interferência histórica do Estado sobre a relação da mulher e o seu próprio corpo.
O JORNALISMO LITERÁRIO DE ELIANE BRUM
Authors: Furtado Thaís , Mendonca Luan Pazzini
Published: November 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo compreender como a jornalista e escritora Eliane Brum, utilizando técnicas do jornalismo literário, inclui outras vozes que não a sua em seus artigos de opinião publicados no site do jornal El País Brasil. O jornalismo literário propõe uma estrutura narrativa próxima a da literatura, sem deixar de utilizar os métodos de apuração do jornalismo tradicional. Oferece condições de estabelecer um vínculo forte com o leitor a partir de um olhar apurado do repórter. O estudo se propõe a analisar, a partir de sete características do jornalismo literário (exatidão, humanização, universalização temática, estilo próprio, imersão, criatividade e responsabilidade ética), quais são as vozes presentes nos textos da jornalista. Utilizamos a Análise do Discurso Francesa (AD) para atingir o objetivo proposto, examinando dois artigos. A seleção dos textos, de diferentes épocas, se deu por tratarem de temas diferenciados e por terem vozes explícitas presentes. Como resultado da análise, percebemos que a jornalista traz para seus textos dois tipos preponderantes de vozes que representam discursos específicos: a Voz do Oprimido, que normalmente não aparece no jornalismo tradicional, e a Voz do Opressor, justamente para contrapor pontos de vista e carregar seu discurso jornalístico opinativo de credibilidade. Identificamos, ainda, uma Voz Neutra (de especialistas) e percebemos que Eliane Brum sempre se coloca ao lado da Voz do Oprimido.
La urbanización y la verticalidad de los vínculos rurales-urbanos en las montañas
Authors: Haller Andreas , Branca Domenico
Published: November 2022

Las montañas son vistas por lo general como el opuesto rural o incluso «silvestre» de los espacios urbanos. Pero, ¿se puede seguir justificando esta visión en tiempos de la «urbanización planetaria»? ¿Qué es realmente «silvestre», «rural» y «urbano», y en qué se diferencian estas categorías en términos estructurales y funcionales? ¿Existen características urbanas en las montañas? Partiendo de los conceptos de la urbanización planetaria y la verticalidad e incluyendo ejemplos del Norte y del Sur Global, el presente capítulo presenta un tema central de la montología urbana (o la investigación transdiciplinaria de las áreas urbanas de montaña orientada a la sostenibilidad) como es el de los vínculos campo-ciudad entre las diferentes zonas altitudinales. Los vínculos ecosistémicos, infraestructurales, demográficos, económicos y socioculturales en las montañas presentan numerosas especificidades debido al relieve y la altitud del entorno de urbanización. Así mismo, los «flujos» de servicios ecosistémicos en las montañas, los teleféricos que conectan valles y cumbres, la movilidad espacial vertical de las personas, así como el uso deliberado de entornos  de montaña e identidades para crear una marca en las ciudades de montaña con el fin de atraer a inversores y visitantes: son sólo algunos ejemplos que subrayan el creciente entrelazamiento de los antiguos contrastes de las ciudades «urbanas» y las montañas «rurales» (o «silvestre»).  En este sentido, todo lo anterior mencionado debe tenerse en cuenta en el estudio científico y el desarrollo sostenible de la urbanización de los espacios de montaña para crear lugares habitables para los seres humanos y no humanos.
Hybrid learning during the Pandemic: The case of Tlemcen university EFL learners
Authors: Bassou Abderrahmane
Published: November 2022

Education throughout the world has recently witnessed a dramatic shift from traditional teaching to what is commonly now known as online education. Because of the Covid-19 pandemic, Algerian universities have been pushed towards a type of teaching that blends in-person and online learning known by hybrid teaching/ learning. This study extends through two periods. The first one dealt with students’ online asynchronous learning during the total lock down, while the second studied third year licence students,  henceforth (L3 students), by the end of  semester one (2021/2022). The results have shown that students did not benefit from Moodle lectures and admit they either did not log on to download their lectures or could not understand their content when they did. While for the study of the second period the researcher could decipher a kind of acquaintance to hybrid teaching on the side of some teachers and resistance from others, but nearly a general negative attitude of learners towards synchronous online learning was uncovered.
Algerian EFL teachers’ and students’ attitudes towards online assessment feasibility and Impediment
Authors: Benabed Ammar
Published: November 2022

The current investigation revolves around online assessment feasibility and its practicability issues during the Coronavirus pandemic. Within this context, this study precisely aims at getting tertiary EFL teachers’ and students’ voices about to what extent online assessment can be ineffective or effective in an e- teaching/learning environment. To this end, a mixed-method design is used encompassing three research instruments, a questionnaire addressed to 50 second-year master didactics students at Ibn Khaldoun university of Tiaret, an interview, conducted with 5 EFL teachers from the same university, and a corpus analysis allowing for a comparative study of face-to-face and online exams’ results. The triangulated analysis of the gleaned data reveals that the majority of the respondents and the interviewees recognize the importance and efficiency of the new mode of assessment. Assuredly, the comparative study displays that online assessment was much better than paper-pen-based exams in results. 
Keywords: Assessment; digital literacy; e-learning; Online assessment;  technological devices.
Assessing the effectiveness of transfer learning strategies in BLSTM networks for speech fenoising
Authors: Marvin Coto-Jiménez  , Astryd  González-Salazar  , Michelle  Gutiérrez-Muñoz
Published: November 2022

Denoising speech signals represent a challenging task due to the increasing number of applications and technologies currently implemented in communication and portable devices. In those applications, challenging environmental conditions such as background noise, reverberation, and other sound artifacts can affect the quality of the signals. As a result, it also impacts the systems for speech recognition, speaker identification, and sound source localization, among many others. For denoising the speech signals degraded with the many kinds and possibly different levels of noise, several algorithms have been proposed during the past decades, with recent proposals based on deep learning presented as state-of-the-art, in particular those based on Long Short-Term Memory Networks (LSTM and Bidirectional-LSMT). In this work, a comparative study on different transfer learning strategies for reducing training time and increase the effectiveness of this kind of network is presented. The reduction in training time is one of the most critical challenges due to the high computational cost of training LSTM and BLSTM. Those strategies arose from the different options to initialize the networks, using clean or noisy information of several types. Results show the convenience of transferring information from a single case of denoising network to the rest, with a significant reduction in training time and denoising capabilities of the BLSTM networks.
GPU based approach for fast generation of robot capability representations
Authors: Daniel  García Vaglio  , Federico  Ruiz Ugalde
Published: November 2022

Capability maps are an important tool for enabling robots to understand their bodies by providing a way of representing the dexterity of their arms. They are usually treated as static data structures be- cause of how computationally intensive they are to generate. We present a method for generating capability maps taking advantage of the parallelization that modern GPUs offer such that these maps are generated approximately 50 times faster than previous implementations. This system could be used in situations were the robot has to generate this maps fast, for example when using unknown tools.
A first study on age classification of costa rican speakers based on acoustic vowel analysis
Authors: Victor  Yeom-Song  , Marvin Coto-Jiménez
Published: November 2022

According to several studies, children’s speech is more dynamic and inconsistent compared to an adult’s speech. This aspect can be considered in the task of recognizing the age of the person who speaks and of great importance in many applications, such as humancomputer interaction, security on Internet and education assistants. Those applications have a dependency on language and accent, due to the different sounds and styles that characterize the speakers. This paper presents the initial results on the identification of Costa Rican children’s speech, in a database created for this purpose, consisting of words pronounced by adults and children of several ages. For this first study we chose the most common vowel of the language, and extract a set of common acoustic features to determine its applicability in distinguishing between adults and children of an age range. The outcome results shows promising results in the classification using a single vowel, that improves according to the number of vowels used to extract the acoustic features. This means that an automatic system could be able to improve its capacity to identify age as more speech information is received and transcribed, but cannot be very accurate in short interactions.
E-banking Service Quality dan E-trust serta Implikasinya pada E-customer Satisfaction dan E-customer Loyalty
Authors: Firmansyah Fani , Purnamasari Puji Endah , Prajawati Maretha Ika
Published: November 2022

This study aims to make a significant contribution to the banking marketing literature and to explain how the dimensions of e-service quality and e-trust are used as predictors of e-satisfaction and consequently increase e-loyalty. The population in this study consisted of banking customers, both Islamic banking and conventional banking in Malang City. The sample is part of the number and characteristics of the population. The sampling technique in this research is purposive sampling. The results of the study show that the services provided by banking in Malang City in the form of online transactions are able to have a good impact on the satisfaction felt by customers, so that because customers are satisfied they will always use these services, especially at this time which is very much needed considering the restrictions on community activities due to there is a COVID-19 pandemic. Customer confidence in online media provided by banks in Malang City has a positive influence on the satisfaction felt by customers, which in the end customers will feel loyal and return to using these services during this covid-19 pandemic.
Good Corporate Governance Characteristic, Profitability and Firm Value: Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Susilowati Dwi , Nurlia Nurlia , Juwari Juwari
Published: November 2022

This research aims to test the influence of good corporate governance (independent commissioners, institutional ownership, board of directors, and audit committees) and profitability on the firm value. This research was conducted because of the low GCG implementation in Indonesia. This study used multiple linear regression to test the influence between variables and Sobel tests to determine the mediation effect of profitability. The research was conducted on companies registered in LQ45 for the years 2015-2019. The data used in the study was 245 data. The results showed that independent commissioners and audit committees had a negative effect, the board of directors had a positive effect, and institutional ownership did not affect profitability. Direct testing of GCG's influence on the firm values showed that independent commissioners had a negative effect, institutional ownership had a positive effect, and the board of directors and audit committee did not affect the firm value. The results also showed that profitability could mediate the influence of GCG on the firm value except for institutional ownership variables. Further research is expected to increase the number of samples and use different measurements of the firm. Companies need to improve GCG to increase management transparency so that investors and creditors can make appropriate decisions about the company.
Learning from Life Story Collection and Analysis With Children Who Work in the Worst Forms of Child Labour in Nepal
Authors: Karki Shanta , Apgar Marina , Snijder Mieke , Sharma Ranjana
Published: November 2022

The CLARISSA Nepal team collected and analysed 400 life stories of children and young people engaged in or affected by the worst forms of child labour (WFCL), particularly in the “Adult Entertainment” sector in Nepal, which includes children working in Dohoris (restaurants playing folk music), dance bars, spa-massage parlours, khaja ghars (tea/snack shop) and guest houses. Stories were also collected from children in CLARISSA’s focus neighbourhoods, children in this category include street connected children and those working in transportation, party palaces, domestic labour and construction sites. Of the 400 stories collected, 350 were collected by adult researchers and 50 were collected by children themselves.
Advances in understanding mechanisms of porcine viral disease transmission/epidemiology
Authors:   Departament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA) - Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA) and OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Pig Diseases in Europe (CReSA-IRTA), Spain, Segalés Joaquim
Published: November 2022

The stability, productivity, sustainability and profitability of the global swine industry depend upon many factors and conditions, including infectious diseases. These diseases have a significant impact on animal health worldwide, and in some instances upon human health due to their zoonotic impact. This chapter discusses the basic features of swine viruses, including aspects of pathogenesis and transmission mechanisms. In certain instances, clinical signs caused by swine viruses are not specific enough to establish a sound clinical and/or pathological diagnosis, and laboratory investigations are required to ascertain which virus or viruses are causing disease. A summary of the most frequent clinical signs, lesions and diagnostic methods for relevant swine viral infections will be described. The chapter concludes with commonly used measures for the prevention and control of viral pig diseases, emphasizing the importance of vaccination as the cornerstone of swine health programmes.
Surveillance on swine farms using antemortem specimens
Authors:   Iowa State University, USA, Munguía-Ramírez Berenice , Armenta-Leyva Betsy ,   Iowa State University, USA, Giménez-Lirola Luis ,   Iowa State University, USA, Wang Chong ,   Iowa State University, USA, Zimmerman Jeffrey ,   Iowa State University, USA
Published: November 2022

In the recent past, disease control on swine farms was based on vaccination or intentional exposure to pathogens to stimulate immunity and protect against clinical disease. This one-dimensional strategy became increasingly inadequate as farms increased in size and as pathogens resistant to immune control became commonplace, e.g. porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and others. Today, prevention and control requires the coordinated use of (1) immunity to reduce clinical losses, (2) biosecurity to stop the entry of pathogens, and (3) surveillance to verify that immunity and biosecurity strategies are functioning properly. Of the three, surveillance has been the most difficult to implement, both because populations on swine farms are complex and because practical surveillance methods have only become available in recent years. Herein we outline the elements of designing and implementing infectious disease surveillance in commercial swine herds using diagnostic testing of antemortem samples.
On-farm strategies for preventing pig diseases: improving biosecurity
Authors:   Ghent University, Belgium, Dewulf Jeroen , Maes Dominiek ,   Ghent University, Belgium
Published: November 2022

Pigs are susceptible to a wide range of diseases that can affect health, welfare and productivity. The implementation of biosecurity measures along the production chain is one of the major solutions to minimize the risk of introduction of diseases into a farm (external biosecurity), as well as their spread within the farm (internal biosecurity). In this chapter, we discuss the five principles of farm-level biosecurity and illustrate the application of these principles both for external biosecurity (purchasing and quarantine policy, the transport of animals and removal of manure and carcasses, the supply of feed, water, and equipment, the access of persons, vermin and bird control, environmental risks) and for internal biosecurity (compartmentalization, working lines, and equipment, disease management, farrowing and suckling period, weaning and fattening period, and cleaning and disinfection). Finally, ways to measure and quantify the biosecurity status of a pig farm are discussed.
Managing feed to optimize pig health
Authors:   Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Belgium, Millet Sam , Everaert Nadia ,   TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Liège University, Belgium
Published: November 2022

Pigs face challenges to their health and well-being throughout their lifetimes. Proper nutrition may increase their resilience and prevent disease. In this chapter, we first discuss the essential contribution of balanced energy and protein levels to achieving optimal health and performance. We then discuss several mineral, vitamins and types of fiber and conclude with the essential subject of feed ingredients. A case study illustrates how characteristics of feed form and structure may have contradictory impacts on the gastric health and performance of pigs. Proper nutrition depends not only on the feed, but also on the farm situation. Feeding for optimal performance can increase the risk of health problems, necessitating a delicate balancing act. In farms with a good health status, feeding for optimal performance may be the logical strategic choice. Under more challenging health conditions, safer diets may be formulated with the trade-off being suboptimal performance results.
Managing housing and stocking density to optimize health, welfare and production in pig herds
Authors:   University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Germany, Hennig-Pauka Isabel , von Altrock Alexandra ,   University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Germany
Published: November 2022

This chapter describes major husbandry- and management-related factors affecting health, welfare and production efficiency in different swine husbandry systems. Given the current transformation in pig production, there are several conflicting goals which need to be addressed during design and adaptation of husbandry systems in the future. The following sections deal with the most important areas impacting pig health and welfare such as space, climate, flooring, water and feed supply. Since it is not possible to give a comprehensive overview of all systems the authors summarize fundamental housing requirements which must be achieved in all systems. They also review basic principles in assessing the quality of housing systems. The very important human factor is addressed at the end of the chapter.
Advances in the development and use of vaccines for prevention of endemic diseases in pigs
Authors:   Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain, Mateu Enric ,   Ivan Díaz, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB) and OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), Spain, Martín-Valls Gerard ,   Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
Published: November 2022

The current trend of pig/swine production towards intensive industrialised production creates a window of opportunity for pathogens to spread between and within farms. The main focus of vaccination are gilts and weaners. For gilts the challenge is to acclimatise them before entering the breeding stock while, for piglets, the challenge is to immunise them in the presence of maternally derived antibodies (MDA). Vaccination remains a powerful tool to prevent infectious diseases but faces difficulties in dealing with endemic disease. The development of newer vaccines and adjuvants, as well as a better knowledge of pig immunology and of the epidemiology of diseases, may help to improve our approaches to vaccination. This chapter reviews the current use of vaccines and vaccination programs in controlling endemic diseases in pigs. It also discusses the future of vaccines and vaccination in pigs.
Advances in developing vaccines for emerging diseases in pigs
Authors:   University of Lleida, Spain, Martinez-Lobo Francisco Javier
Published: November 2022

The rise of emerging and re-emerging infectious pig diseases is due to various complex factors, including natural processes of natural selection of pathogens, changes in the environment and an increased ability to diagnose new pathogens. These diseases are considered a major threat to the global pig industry. Global efforts to control emerging pig diseases have focused mainly on early detection by veterinary services and implementation of measures depending on the nature of the disease in question. However, these measures often prove difficult to implement. Therefore, the development of new vaccines against emerging and re-emerging infectious pig diseases and the development of new platforms for rapid and effective vaccine design are crucial in the global context. This review aims to summarize the main emerging and re-emerging infectious pig diseases and the platforms and technologies to develop safe and effective vaccines against them.
Optimising the health of weaned piglets
Authors:   Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), Italy, Luppi Andrea
Published: November 2022

The weaning period is a very stressful event for the piglet that can impact the health, welfare and performance. This period of transition is characterized by the adaptation of newly weaned piglets to their new environment, diet, changing in their immunological status and pathogens circulation that can impact their following performance. Knowledge of main risk factors and the measures necessary to prevent health problems is of fundamental importance for a better management of this delicate phase in the pig's production path. A large part of the chapter is devoted to the discussion of factors influencing health and performance of pigs and related intervention and prevention strategies to be implemented in the period of transition from weaning. A more specific section, in the second part of the chapter, takes into consideration the main etiological agents acting in the period of transition from weaning, the risk factors for their introduction and diffusion within the farm, and the main measures for their control.
Optimising the health of finisher pigs
Authors:   Pig Development Department, Teagasc, The Irish Agriculture and Food Development Authority, Ireland, Garcia Manzanilla Edgar
Published: November 2022

The growing and finishing phase is often seen as the simplest part of the pig production cycle in commercial farms. The target is to have the pigs ready for slaughter at the expected weight and age with the minimum variability on weights and avoiding production tails. This is probably easier said than done and substandard management can result in outbreaks of respiratory or digestive diseases, ulcers, lameness, prolapses, tail biting and other conditions that should be avoided. For finisher pigs, we need to have a clear definition of how herd health is monitored, what are the main factors affecting health and performance and what are the optimal conditions in each case. This chapter does not focus on a particular disease and discusses how to optimise general management of growing finishing pigs to improve the health of the herd.
Prawda i zastosowania wiedzy
Authors: Zięba Włodzimierz
Published: November 2022

In the text, I analyze Grobler᾽s strategy of countering skepticism. It boils down to two arguments, i.e. a performative contradiction and the use of the ceteris paribus clause. Another point is the concept of truth adopted by Grobler. Grobler is leaning towards the adjustment theory and aletic pluralism. I formulate critical remarks about truth as identity, the markup theory, super-conclusiveness, and finally truth as a regulative idea. I am also considering two additional requirements of Grobler, namely that the truth should be interesting and knowledge should have rich applications. I argue that the application requirement is always fulfilled.
The contribution of amazonian languages to the typology of purpose clauses
Authors: Olguín Martínez Jesús , Vásquez-Aguilar Alonso
Published: November 2022

This investigation offers an analysis of the variation in the expression of purpose relations in a sample of 49 Amazonian languages. The most common strategies are conjunctions and converbs. Interestingly, in a number of Amazonian languages, positive purpose meanings are expressed with a conjunction or a converb in combination with other morphosyntactic properties. We briefly examine the areality of positive purpose clause-linkage patterns in four contact zones in the Amazonia: the Vaupés region, the Caquetá-Putumayo region, the Southern Guiana region, and the Marañon-Huallaga region. Besides analyzing the range of ways by which positive purpose clauses are realized in the sample, we also investigate avertive clauses in a number of languages of the database. Amazonian languages show an interesting typological picture in that they tend to have avertive markers which may be intraclausal or relational.
Political contestation and the evolution of National Social Protection Policy Framework (NSPPF) in Zimbabwe
Authors: Kapingidza Samuel
Published: November 2022

The rise of social protection in Africa is a complex global phenomenon shaped by a wide range of actors interacting at different levels and whose access to policy space and degree of influence are determined by the power and interests that each actor holds. Similarly, in Zimbabwe, the development of the National Social Protection Policy Framework (NSPPF) was a political contestation between the government and different external agencies (international financial institutions, international non-governmental organisations, and United Nations agencies); within the government itself; and within the external agencies themselves. This article looks at the process of developing the NSPPF and concludes that the rise of social protection in Africa needs to be understood as a political contestation, not as a mere technical process. Each player was driven by a different ideological position that it would “push” to prevail over other players’ interests. While external agencies’ push for the policy prevailed, the “success” came at the cost of little national ownership that made its implementation uncertain.
Educação escolar indígena e reprodução ampliada do capital à luz de Rosa Luxemburgo
Authors: Rodrigues Gilberto César Lopes
Published: November 2022

Apresentamos um exame da relação entre o modo de produção capitalista e a implantação de educação escolar em comunidades indígenas tendo em vista projetar elementos que relacione essa implantação com a facilitação da incorporação dos recursos naturais e humanos dessas sociedades à dinâmica de acumulação ampliada do capital. Nossa hipótese é que tal introdução altera relações sociais estabelecidas na experiência histórica com base no comunitarismo e coletivismo ao implantar, no interior dessas sociedades, relações fundamentais do modo de produção capitalista. Examinamos a hipótese à luz do que Rosa Luxemburgo (1985) chamou “[...] a luta do capital contra a economia natural.” Empregamos esse arcabouço analítico em três escolas, território e comunidades indígenas do entorno da cidade de Santarém-PA. Os dados apontaram contradição na escolarização na medida em que, por um lado, induz à formação para o trabalho assalariado, gestão empresarial e transmissão de saberes eurocentrados, mas, de outro, desvelam-se reelaborações na atividade escolar que fortalece, valoriza e amplia a transmissão de saberes tradicionais e de línguas indígenas “nativas”.
Factors associated with the injury severity of falls from a similar height and features of the injury site: a retrospective study
Authors: Kim Dae Hyun , Woo Jae-Hyug , Jeon Yang Bin , Cho Jin-Seong , Jang Jae Ho , Choi Jea Yeon , Choi Woo Sung
Published: November 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the risk factors associated with the severity of fall-related injuries among patients who suffered a fall from similar heights and analyze differences in injury sites according to intentionality and injury severity.Methods: The Emergency Department-Based Injury In-depth Surveillance data collected between 2019 and 2020 were used in this retrospective study. Patients with fall-related injuries who fell from a height of ≥6 and <9 m were included. Patients were categorized into the severe and mild/moderate groups according to their excessive mortality ratio-adjusted Injury Severity Score (EMR-ISS) and the intention and non-intention groups. Injury-related and outcome-related factors were compared between the groups.Results: In total, 33,046 patients sustained fall-related injuries. Among them, 543 were enrolled for analysis. A total of 256 and 287 patients were included in the severe and mild/moderate groups, respectively, and 93 and 450 patients were included in the intention and non-intention groups, respectively. The median age was 50 years (range, 39–60 years) and 45 years (range, 27–56 years) in the severe and mild/moderate groups, respectively (P<0.001). In multivariable analysis, higher height (odds ratio [OR] 1.638; 95% confidence interval [Cl], 1.279–2.098) and accompanying foot injury (OR, 0.466; 95% CI, 0.263–0.828) were independently associated with injury severity (EMR-ISS ≥25) and intentionality of fall (OR, 0.722; 95% CI, 0.418–1.248) was not associated with injury severity. The incidence of forearm injuries was four (4.3%) and 58 cases (12.9%, P=0.018) and that of foot injuries was 20 (21.5%) and 54 cases (12.0%, P=0.015) in the intention versus non-intention groups, respectively.Conclusions: Among patients who fell from a similar height, age, and fall height were associated with severe fall-related injuries. Intentionality was not related to injury severity, and patients with foot injury were less likely to experience serious injuries. Injuries in the lower and upper extremities were more common in intentional and unintentional falls, respectively.
PENINGKATAN AKTIVITAS BELAJAR IPS MELALUI PENERAPAN STRATEGI BERMAIN PERAN PADA SISWA KELAS VIII.B SMP NEGERI 1 KERUAK
Authors: Jamiluddin Jamiluddin , Purwati Purwati , Gemilang Sabrang Gilang
Published: November 2022

Tujuan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas ini adalah untuk meningkatkan aktifitas belajar Mata Pelajaran IPS pada siswa kelas VIII B SMP Negeri 1 Keruak Kabupaten Lombok Timur dengan menggunakan strategi “Bermain Peran”.
 
Penelitian Tindakan Kelas ini dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan dua siklus, siklus 1 terdiri dari 2 kali pertemuan dan siklus 2 terdiri dari 1 kali pertemuan dengan jumlah siswa 40 orang. Data dalam penelitian ini berupa kegiatan guru, aktivitas belajar siswa, dan respon siswa dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan observasi/pengamatan, angket, wawancara, catatan lapangan dan dokumentasi. Analisa data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan secara analisis kualitatif.
 
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, kegiatan pembelajaran yang dilakukan oleh guru dapat dirumuskan sebagai berikut : Perencanaan pembelajaran, ada peningkatan dari 70% pada siklus I menjadi 80 % pada siklus II. Sedangkan pelaksanaan pembelajaran yang dilakukan oleh guru juga mengalami peningkatan dari 80 % pada siklus I menjadi 95 % pada siklus II. Aktifitas belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan, pada siklus I sebesar 67%,  menjadi  83 %, dalam siklus II. Sedangkan respon siswa terhadap kegiatan belajar mengajar dapat diuraikan sebagai berikut : kualifikasi yang menyatakan tidak senang sudah tidak ada, baik pada siklus I maupun pada siklus II. Sedangkan yang menyatakan kualifikasi kurang senang menunjukkan penurunan dari 6 siswa (15 %) pada siklus I, menjadi 2 siswa ( 5%) pada siklus II.  Kualifikasi yang menyatakan senang tidak mengalami kenaikan dari 25 siswa (62,5 %) pada siklus I, menjadi 25 siswa (62,5 %) pada siklus II.  Kualifikasi yang menyatakan senang sekali mengalami kenaikan dari 9 siswa (22,5%) pada siklus I, menjadi 13 siswa (32,5%) pada siklus II. Hipotesis tindakan yang menyatakan bahwa “jika strategi ‘Bermain Peran’ digunakan dalam pembelajaran mata pelajaran Mata Pelajaran IPS, maka aktifitas belajar siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Keruak, Kabupaten Lombok Timur akan meningkat”, dapat diterima.
Pengenalan pembelajaran bahasa Inggris dasar untuk anak-anak di masa pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Rahmat Hery , Fauzi Wahyu Hidayat
Published: November 2022

[Bahasa]: Saat ini Bahasa Inggris tidak menjadi pelajaran wajib di level sekolah dasar melainkan hanya sebagai salah satu mata pelajaran muatan lokal. Sedangkan pada kenyataannya kebanyakan sekolah dasar di Kota Praya tidak memberikan Bahasa Inggris sebagai mata pelajaran muatan lokal. Faktor ekonomi dan latar belakang pendidikan kelurga yang tidak dapat mendukung pelajaran tambahan berupa kursus belajar Bahasa Inggris juga menjadi faktor penghambat rendahnya kemampuan Bahasa Inggris dasar siswa. Hal ini semakin memperkuat stereotype bahwa Bahasa Inggris itu sulit dipahami dan dipelajari. Pembatasan pembelajaran selama Pandemi COVID 19 semakin melemahkan minat siswa untuk mengenal dan belajar Bahasa Inggris dari awal. Oleh karena itu, kegiatan pengabdian dengan metode Asset Based Communities Development (ABCD) ini ditujukan untuk memberikan pengenalan pembelajaran bahasa Inggris dasar untuk anak-anak selama masa pandemi. Kegiatan pengabdian berupa program pengenalan materi bahasa Inggris dasar dengan peserta 13 anak. Materi yang disampaikan berupa Introducing, Alphabet, Numbers, Days, Things in classroom, Family, Asking permission, dan Giving expressions. Hasil pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pemahaman awal Bahasa Inggris dasar anak-anak. Pemahaman awal yang baik terhadap Bahasa Inggris dasar akan menunjang kemampuan anak-anak ketika berkomunikasi menggunakan Bahasa Inggris sederhana dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.
Kata Kunci: bahasa Inggris anak-anak, pandemi COVID 19, pengenalan pembelajaran
[English]: Recently, English Subject is not an obligatory subject in primary school but only as one of local content subjects. Most of primary school in Praya doesn’t give English as local content subjects. The economic factor and family’s educational background which cannot give a supporting learning such as English course are also the burden factors of students’ low English proficiency. This condition strengthens the stereotype that English is difficult to learn. The learning restriction during the COVID 19 pandemic weakens the students’ motivation to learn English earlier. Therefore, this Asset Based Communities Development (ABCD) method-community service was aimed to give the introduction toward English for childen during the pandemic. The activity was followed by 13 children. Meanwhile, the materials are Introducing, alphabet, numbers, days, things in classroom, family, asking permission, and giving expressions. This community service result showed that the children’s knowledge of basic English improved. Afterward, this well basic English understanding will support the children’s ability to communicate the simple English in daily life.
Keywords: English for children, COVID 19 pandemic, learning introduction
Nanoplastic toxicity towards freshwater organisms
Authors: Tamayo-Belda Miguel , Pulido-Reyes Gerardo , Rosal Roberto , Fernández-Piñas Francisca
Published: November 2022

The fragmentation of plastic litter into smaller fragments, known as microplastics and nanoplastics, as well as their toxicity and environmental distribution have become issues of high concern. Furthermore, the popularization of bioplastics as a greener substitute of conventional plastics represents a challenge for the scientific community in view of the limited information concerning their potential environmental impact. Here, we systematically review the recent knowledge on the environmental fate and toxicity of nanoplastics in freshwater environments, discuss the results obtained thus far, and identify several knowledge gaps. The sources and environmental behaviors of nanoplastics are presented considering in vitro, in vivo, and in silico studies with a focus on real exposure scenarios. Their effects on organisms are classified based on their impact on primary producers, primary consumers, and secondary consumers. This review covers the main results published in the last four years, including all relevant experimental details and highlighting the most sensitive toxicity endpoints assessed in every study. We also include more recent results on the potential environmental impact of biodegradable plastics, a type of material belonging to the category of bioplastics for which there are still scarce data. This review identifies a need to perform studies using secondary nanoplastics rather than synthetic commercial materials as well as to include other polymers apart from polystyrene. There is also an urgent need to assess the possible risk of nanoplastics at environmentally realistic concentrations using sublethal endpoints and long-term assays.
Global Conflict and the Countours of a New World Order
Authors: Mel'nikova Yu.
Published: November 2022

Editorial office publishes the summary of a joint seminar, held by the Russian International Affairs Council (RIAC), the Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations (IMEMO RAS) and the World Economy and International Relations journal and dedicated to the impact of the Ukrainian crisis on the international relations. The event hosted such prominent experts as Igor Ivanov, RIAC President, Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation (1998–2004) and RAS Correspondent Member; Fyodor Voitolovsky, IMEMO RAS Director, RAS Correspondent Member; Andrey Kortunov, RIAC Director General; Vladimir Baranovsky, Scientific Director of the Center of Situational Analysis, IMEMO RAS, RAS Academician; Alexey Gromyko, Director of the RAS Institute of Europe, RAS Correspondent Member; Oxana Gaman-Golutvina, President of the Russian Political Science Association, RAS Correspondent Member; Victor Kuvaldin, Head of the Department of Social and Human Arts, Lomonosov State University; Alexey Bogaturov, Distinguished Scholar; and Igor Istomin, Senior Research Fellow of the Center for Perspective American Studies, MGIMO University. Vladimir Baranovsky presented his new monograph at the seminar.
From Murky Salty Water to Crystal-Clear Fresh River Flow: Pre-service Teachers’ Assessment Perceptions
Authors: Levy-Vered Adi , Reinders-Kafri Sigal , Inbar-Lourie Ofra
Published: November 2022

This qualitative study followed the development of 94 pre-service teachers’ assessment perceptions in an introductory course on student assessment. Analysis of the students’ retrospective and end of course perceptions identified five assessment dimensions. Considerable shifts were detected in each dimension: from summative to formative assessment, from negative to positive assessment perceptions, from perceiving assessment as a simple concept to a complex and multifaceted one, from hierarchical to dialogical perceptions of teacher-student relationships. The findings indicate the potential impact of training in assessment literacy on future teachers’ conceptual framework regarding assessment for learning and hold implications for teacher education programs.
Are the Companies Prepared for Sustainability Reporting under the ED IFRS S1 and S2? Evidence from Poland
Authors:   financial analyst, FCCA, Poland, INDYK Magdalena
Published: November 2022

This article aimed to determine the implications of the Exposure Drafts (ED) IFRS S1 and S2, especially for financial reporting. The novelty of these sustainability standards is the attempt to regulate sustainability and climate-related financial information. Therefore, the article first presents the key aspects of the ED IFRS S1 and S2, and their practical implications. As both EDs represent an ambitious proposal of standard-setters, the author attempted to determine whether companies in Poland are prepared for these changes. For this reason, the EDs were confronted with (1) Poland’s legal and soft sustainability regulations, and (2) empirical research results. An empirical part was performed based on the selection of 177 companies, listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE). The evidence represents the collection of their responses to the selected ESG sections of “The Best Practice 2021” WSE Code. The study provides numerous conclusions and observations. ESG undoubtedly became a factor considered by multiple companies in their businesses. However, preparing for the ED IFRS S1 and S2 means a complete ESG integration into a business strategy, processes, and reporting. Only sixty companies (34%) in the examined sample declare ESG integration into a business strategy, and thirty-two companies (18%) claim they disclose the strategic data, including defined goals, measures, and progress (also ESG-related). Considering the progress of the ESG revolution, it will mean reporting transformation for most companies, i.e., building sustainability-related financial reporting from scratch. The biggest challenge will be quantifying the impact of sustainability and climate-related risks and opportunities on financial statements. Such quantification will require advanced risk management tools and the building of an integrated reporting system. The article, with its findings, may be of high interest to standard-setters, companies, and other researchers contributing to ESG and financial reporting.
Impact Factors on the Audit Opinion – Case Study
Authors: RUBAN Doina , HATEGAN Camelia-Daniela ,   West University of Timisoara, Romania
Published: November 2022

Investors' strategic decisions are based on information reported in financial statements. In order to be valid, according to national and international accounting regulations, the reported financial information must be of quality, a fact that can also be ensured by the opinion expressed following the completion of a quality mission. The purpose of this paper is to present the importance of financial audit quality to users of financial information. Several factors influence the quality of the financial audit. They can be structured according to several criteria and were represented by auditor size, audit fees and their evolution, and auditor rotation. To validate the research hypothesis, the authors tested the correlation between these factors based on data collected from 81 audit reports of 17 companies listed on the Bucharest Stock Exchange, the main market, from 2016-2020. To test the probability of issuing an unchanged opinion depending on the determinants, the population was tested using logistic regression and correlation tests. The results show that there is a correlation between the various researched variables. However, of a different intensity depending on the chosen factor, the econometric model was statistically significant, and specific high odds ratios were observed with the auditor's fees variable. The quality of the audit was measured by variables that refer to the auditor's characteristics starting from public information, without considering the internal factors of each auditor.
Influence of the Indicators Return on Investment and Earning per Share on the Decision of the Individual Investor – an Econometric Approach
Authors:   West University of Timisoara, Romania, LUNGU Cristian
Published: November 2022

In a global financial crisis, access to various investment resources becomes inevitable. Stable economic growth is possible under maximum use of accumulated savings for investment purposes. Ensuring favorable conditions for investing the population's savings in national investment assets remains an urgent problem. Citizens' savings, constituting their private property, should be used in the investment process, considering the differences between their individual preferences, the economic development of regions etc. In countries with developed market economies, individual investors are the main participants in the market for investment resources. By occupying a certain part of the investment market, individual investors serve as an important stabilizing force in times of crisis. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the impact of ROI and EPS indicators on the investment strategy of natural persons on the Bucharest Stock Exchange and to predict the behavior of investors according to the variation of these variables.
Accounting Students` Predilection Toward Digitalisation: A Qualitative Approach
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RINDASU Sinziana-Maria , STANCIU Victoria ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies
Published: November 2022

The digitalisation of the accounting profession is leading to changes in the accounting education by integrating more IT-related topics in response to the business environment's shifting needs. The relevant literature regarding accounting education currently focuses on introducing more IT-related subjects into the curricula; however, less attention has been paid to the undergraduates' predilection toward digitalisation. As in Romania the accounting faculties offer the specialisation accounting and management information systems, the present study aims to examine the accounting students' attitude toward management information system subjects and provide a glimpse regarding the preference of choosing the research field. A qualitative approach has been selected, organising semistructured interviews, focusing on the undergraduates' experience with IT-related subjects. The findings indicate that the students' experience has been determined by various factors, such as previous education, the online context, personal preferences regarding the professors, sense of connectedness, and English fluency. Although the participants appreciate the importance of the management information systems subjects, they seem to have a limited understanding of the practical use in an accounting context. The study contributes to the understanding of the accounting students’ predilection toward digitalisation and its findings can be leveraged by both educators and management to improve the future practitioners' experience.