bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The diagnostic value of systemic inflammatory response markers as predictors of epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Alegbeleye Justina O. , Kasso Terhemen
Published: December 2023

Background: Early detection of ovarian neoplasms confers a better outcome and prognosis for patients. Although newer diagnostic modalities have been recently developed, the availability and accessibility of complete blood count parameters make it a convenient and cost-effective marker for malignancy. Objectives were to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of pretreatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in patients with late-stage epithelial ovarian malignancy at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital.
Methods: A prospective analysis of fifty-seven women with histologic diagnosis of epithelial ovarian cancer who were managed at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2022, was conducted. A data collection form was used to obtain socio-demographic and clinico-pathological characteristics from the patients after informed consent was obtained. Pretreatment levels of NLR and PLR were determined from complete blood count. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to assess the predictive accuracy of the haematological parameters for late-stage epithelial ovarian cancer.
Results: Higher values of NLR and PLR were significantly associated with the stage of ovarian cancer (p=0.001). The optimal cut-off points based on ROC curve analyses for NLR and PLR were found to be 2.6 (AUC=0.61, p>0.05), and 155.8 (AUC=0.62, p>0.05) respectively. However, none of the haematological parameters could be used as predictive markers for advanced-stage ovarian cancer in this study.
Conclusions: Pretreatment NLR and PLR cannot be used as a stand-alone predictor of advanced ovarian cancer, and should be correlated with other clinical, laboratory and radiologic parameters.
Validity and performance of cognitive scales in elderly patients with depression in a tertiary care hospital in Chennai
Authors: Malini S. , Jayakrishnaveni C. , Palaniappan Saravanakumar
Published: December 2023

Background: Late-life depression in older adults can cause reversible cognitive impairment, often resulting in pseudo-dementia. Cognitive impairment can lead to executive dysfunction, reduced flexibility, and difficulty thinking and decision-making. This study aimed to assess the validity and performance of cognitive scales in late-life depression among patients attending the outpatient department of the institute of mental health, Chennai.
Methods: This prospective study included 360 patients aged >50 years who were diagnosed with depression and attended the OPD at the institute of mental health, Chennai. Baseline assessments were performed at the time of recruitment into the study (visit 1), and scheduled visits were performed every six months for two years (visits 2 to 5). Unscheduled visits were done every month, and adverse events were monitored and recorded periodically
Results: Among 59 patients, 53.1% were female, 32.2% were diabetic, and 93.9% were experiencing subjective working difficulties. The Montreal cognitive assessment scale classified 51.4% as moderate, while the ADAS-cog and ACE scales classified 86% and 99.7%, respectively, as having abnormal mental status. However, a significant correlation and discrepancy between scores were observed for scales such as ACE, ADAS-cog, standardised mini-mental status examination, and Montreal cognitive assessment scale. A strong correlation was found between ACE, MMSE, MoCA, and ACE; however, FAST showed a significant negative correlation. The MoCA was strongly correlated with the MMSE, ACE, ADAS-cog, and Mini-Cog, indicating good alignment with the FAST.
Conclusions: Cognitive scales strongly correlate with late-life depression in patients, suggesting an improvement in assessment, evaluation, and treatment to address cognitive deficits.
Study of effect of topical mometasone with intralesional platelet-rich plasma versus topical mometasone alone in the treatment of alopecia areata
Authors: Kulhari Monika , Adil Mohammad , Varshney Iti , Amin Syed Suhail
Published: December 2023

Background: Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune disorder and exhibits non scarring alopecia. Currently, there is no definitive cure, platelet rich plasma (PRP) has emerged as a newer modality for non-cicatricial alopecias such as AA. This study was conducted to compare the efficacy and adverse effects of topical mometasone with PRP versus topical mometasone alone in the treatment of patients of AA.
Methods: This study was conducted on a total of 100 clinically diagnosed cases of AA. Patients in group A were subjected to intradermal injection of autologous PRP every 3 weeks along with topical mometasone cream 0.1% daily for 12 weeks. Group B was treated with topical mometasone cream 0.1% once a day locally over affected site for 12 weeks.
Results: Baseline SALT score of group A was 6.05±5.36 while that of group B was 6.62±4.39. The mean SALT score of group A declined to 0.94±1.69 and that of group B 2.19±1.76 over a period of 20 weeks. Excellent response was observed by 12 and 5 patients of group A and group B respectively. Minor side effects like pain was seen in 10 patients (20%) in group A, while atrophy was seen in 2 patients of group B.
Conclusions: This is the first ever study evaluating the additional benefit of intralesional PRP. In this study, it was found that adding intralesional PRP with topical mometasone 0.1% cream has higher efficacy and early improvement than topical mometasone alone, in the treatment of AA.
Clinico-epidemiological study of cutaneous changes in pregnancy at a tertiary care centre in Puducherry
Authors: Ramamurthy Janani , G. David Brinda
Published: December 2023

Background: Pregnancy causes various physiological and pathological changes of skin, due to profound immunological, endocrine and vascular changes. This study focus on these changes and hence earlier identification of pathological skin changes helps to improve both the maternal and fetal outcomes. Aims and objectives were to find the prevalence and patterns of these changes in pregnancy and also to find the association of pathological changes with gravida and gestational age.
Methods: A cross sectional study was performed among 250 pregnant women with skin changes, attending dermatology outpatient department (OPD) at tertiary care centre in Puducherry and the findings were documented and the data was analyzed for statistical significance.
Results: In this study, Physiological changes were most common of which linea nigra was commonly seen in (84.4%) cases (n=233) followed by striae distensae seen in (78.4%) cases (n=197). Similarly, in pathological specific dermatoses, polymorphic eruption of pregnancy was seen in (1.2%) cases (n=3), followed by atopic eruption of pregnancy was seen in (0.4%) cases (n=1). Among the pathological non-specific dermatoses, Acne vulgaris in the inflammatory diseases was seen commonly in (7.6%) cases (n=19), followed by cutaneous infections like Tinea       corporis was seen in (8.4%) cases (n=21) and least common was alopecia areata seen in (0.4%) of cases among the autoimmune disorders.
Conclusions: In this study physiological changes were more common in pregnant women followed by pathological non-specific and specific dermatoses. Also, there was a significant association of pathological changes with gravida and gestational age by Chi-square test with the p value <0.05.
Applications of deep learning for detecting ophthalmic diseases with ultrawide-field fundus images
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology and Research Laboratory of Macular Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China, Tang Qing-Qing , Wang Hong-Qiu ,   Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511400, Guangdong Province, China, Wu Da-Wen ,   Department of Ophthalmology and Research Laboratory of Macular Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China, Zhang Mei-Xia ,   Department of Ophthalmology and Research Laboratory of Macular Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
Published: December 2023

AIM: To summarize the application of deep learning in detecting ophthalmic disease with ultrawide-field fundus images and analyze the advantages, limitations, and possible solutions common to all tasks.
METHODS: We searched three academic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, and Ovid, with the date of August 2022. We matched and screened according to the target keywords and publication year and retrieved a total of 4358 research papers according to the keywords, of which 23 studies were retrieved on applying deep learning in diagnosing ophthalmic disease with ultrawide-field images.
RESULTS: Deep learning in ultrawide-field images can detect various ophthalmic diseases and achieve great performance, including diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, retinal vein occlusions, retinal detachment, and other peripheral retinal diseases. Compared to fundus images, the ultrawide-field fundus scanning laser ophthalmoscopy enables the capture of the ocular fundus up to 200° in a single exposure, which can observe more areas of the retina.
CONCLUSION: The combination of ultrawide-field fundus images and artificial intelligence will achieve great performance in diagnosing multiple ophthalmic diseases in the future.
Agent-based Modeling of Sustainable Forestry Activities
Authors: Alferev Dmitry
Published: December 2023

The review outlines the main aspects of the agent-based approach to modeling. Forestry is considered through the prism of his concepts. The research tools were general scientific methods, widely used and applied in the study of various scientific sources. As a result, the key points inherent in the agent approach at the present time were generalized and systematized; the main agents of forestry have been identified, which will have to be modeled when managing the economic activities of the forestry industry; the main indicators are identified through which reforestation and forest reproduction can be fairly accurately predicted; a review of modern domestic experience and practices in forest resource management was conducted. The prepared work may be useful to specialists involved in modeling issues and problems, especially in the areas of forest economics and ecology.
Digital Twin of the Educational System as one of the Elements of the Budget System
Authors: Burilina Maria
Published: December 2023

The education of future generations is the most important strategic task of the state. During the pandemic in 2020, there was a black swan not only in the economic systems of the world stage, but also in the educational sphere. It is important to emphasize that this dramatic transition to digital education has had the double effect that we are seeing now. Convenience, without leaving home, to connect to lectures from both your university (or school) and various digital platforms of additional education, which has been an important factor in economic growth in recent years. The volume of the e-education market has grown 900 times since the beginning of 2000.
Using Metaverse Technology to Simulate Threats of Social and Political Tension in Major Cities
Authors: Barybina Anna
Published: December 2023

The metaverse is a parallel digital world in which virtuality and reality merge together. It has economic and social systems like those that exist in the real world, and the ability to provide a variety of services through applications embedded in the digital world. This article examines how the use of the metaverse for large cities can stimulate the development of technologies that contribute to modeling threats of social and political tension.
Large cities are actively implementing the concept of a "Smart City" on their territory, striving to improve the lives of their citizens: by improving infrastructure, modernizing public services, increasing access to healthcare and education, accelerating economic growth, and promoting sustainability. The metaverse has the potential to significantly revolutionize, change and transform cities. 
In this article, the Metaverse is considered from a technological point of view, including its essence, the corresponding technical structure, and potential technical problems. In particular, the essence of the Metaverse is analyzed from the point of view of its constituent technologies and the possibilities of its application for modeling social and political tension. It is discussed how the use of the metaverse can help with modeling the threats of social and political tension and reducing its level. The application of technologies included in the metaverse in various areas of human activity is considered. Possible risks and threats arising in connection with their use are identified. Future research directions are proposed that can be used for further development of the metaverse and its integration with real cities in the framework of solving acute social and political problems.
Virtual Law: Legal Regulation of Relations in Virtual Universes and Computer Games
Authors: Yukhno Alexander
Published: December 2023

The article provides an overview of the work of the panel session “Virtual Law: Legal Regulation of Relations in Virtual Universes and Computer Games”, held on May 10, 2023 in St. Petersburg as part of the International Youth Legal Forum. The event's speakers spoke on a wide range of issues related to the development of legal regulation of multiplayer computer games and the concept of the “metaverse,” outlining different approaches to the analyzed topics and the risks and opportunities arising in this area.
Robotic Complex for Cleaning a Ship's Hull from Biofouling
Authors: Zhilenkov Anton
Published: December 2023

The task of robotic processes for cleaning ship hulls from biofouling is a relevant and widespread task today, since it can significantly reduce the cost of work, improve the quality, and reduce the maintenance time of marine industry facilities. This article discusses the problem of cleaning hulls from biofouling and solving this problem using a mobile robotic complex, presents the concept of a robot for cleaning the hulls of ships and ships from biofouling, describes the operating diagram of this robot and its main components, namely: cleaning technological module, transport module, intelligent module, sensor module and robot emergency system. An analysis has also been made of which of the typical technological operations for cleaning ship hulls from biofouling in complex environments is most appropriate to robotize from the point of view of technical feasibility and efficiency. The introduction of the artificial intelligence module proposed in the work will allow not only to identify the type of biofouling, but also the expenditure of energy resources to perform the cleaning operation. The system will allow you to identify the type, evaluate the hull of the vessel, and after the operation, the shipowner will have detailed information about the condition of the vessel’s hull, without incurring additional economic costs for surveying the object.
Development of Android-Based Learning Application Using Articulate Storyline 3
Authors: Solo Pance Ronaldi , Nenohai Juliana M.H , Nubatonis Ofirenty Elyada
Published: December 2023

This research aims to create an Android-based learning application assisted by Articulate Storyline 3 software for class VIII students of SMP Negeri 13 Kupang that is valid, practical, and effective. The method used is Research and Development (R&D) with the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) model. Data collection techniques and instruments include interviews, questionnaires, and tests. The data analysis technique uses qualitative and quantitative descriptive analysis techniques. This research produces an Android-based application product named "Relations and Functions" and has met the criteria for validity, practicality, and effectiveness. For media validity, the average assessment by 3 material experts was 4.37, and the average assessment by 3 media experts was 4.38, so it has the "valid" category. For the practicality of the media in small-scale trials, the student response was 4.72, and the effectiveness of the media through the percentage of learning completion was 100%. Meanwhile, in the large-scale trial, the subject teacher's assessment response was 4.5 and the student response was 4.63, so it was in the "practical" category. For media effectiveness, the learning completion percentage was 83.33% and was categorized as "very effective". Thus, the learning application developed is valid, practical, effective, and suitable for use in learning activities.
Phylogeny and geographic distribution of rock lizards (Lacertidae, Reptilia) in Alborz mountain range
Authors:   Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Iryshkov E. S. , Solovyeva E. N. ,   Zoological Museum of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Arakelyan M. S. ,   Yerevan State University, Rastegar-Pouyani E. ,   Hakim Sabzevari University, Moaddab M. ,   Hakim Sabzevari University, Milto K. D. ,   Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Galoyan E. A. ,   Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Museum of Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: December 2023

Rock lizards of the genus Darevskia have long been an important model object for study of reptile evolution. To understand the overall picture, it is important to know how bisexual and parthenogenetic species are distributed within this genus. The ranges of Caucasian species of rock lizards have been studied for a long time and in detail. However, recent attention to the species inhabiting the territory of Iran has been attracted after the description of several new species in 2013. As part of the continuation of these studies, we studied the distribution and genetic diversity of five species of lizards of the Darevskia genus along the Alborz mountain range in Iran: D. chlorogaster, D. caspica, D. defilippii, D. schaekeli and D. raddei. In the course of this, we discovered new localities of D. defilippii that are outside their known range. We assessed the phylogenetic relationships between the studied species according to the ND4 – Leu tRNA region of mitochondrial DNA and found a relatively high level of genetic variability in D. defilippii and D. chlorogaster, while D. raddei, despite its wide distribution, has low variability. In general, the phylogenetic position of the studied species is somewhat different from that described by Ahmadzadeh et al. (2013).
Principles and methods for studying the structure of metageosystems for designing a pilgrimage-tourist cluster
Authors:   National Research Mordovia State University, Yamashkin Anatoliy A. , Makarov Vladimir Z. ,   Saratov State University, Yamashkin Stanislav A. ,   National Research Mordovia State University
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The article characterizes the spatio-temporal structure of metageosystems of the pilgrimage-tourist cluster “Sanaksar – Temnikov”, located in the center of the Russian Plain, in the zone of interaction of forest-steppe and forest geosystems. Materials and methods. Thestructuring of information within the framework of thestudy is based on the simultaneous use of a natural sequence of involving interrelated principles: genetic, historical, systemic, territorial-structural. The object of study was investigated from the perspective of a geosystem approach, the structure and components of metageosystems were analyzed as spatial formations of different levels of organization, naturally functioning. Research results and discussion. A detailed description of the geosystem model of the tourist cluster “Sanaksar – Temnikov” is given. It has been proven that the sustainable development of metageosystems should be based on multifactor information support, in which the most important condition for the effective economic development of landscapes is realized through the formation of a regional spatial data infrastructure. Based on the analysis of the archaeological map of the Republic of Mordovia, patterns of development of cultural landscapes are identified. The characteristics of the processes and features of the economic development of geosystems and the formation of cultural heritage have been formed. Conclusion. The organization of a pilgrimage and tourism cluster places high demands on information support. Solving the problem of forecasting and monitoring the development of metageosystems for making management decisions is possible using methods and algorithms for processing and analyzing spatial data, designing and implementing project-oriented geoportal systems for distributing spatial data.
Professional development of teachers on the basis of a digital educational platform: Challenges to the expert community
Authors:   St. Tikhon’s Orthodox University for Humanities, Sklyarova Tatyana V. , Egorov Ilya V. ,   Moscow City University, Naumova Diana V. ,   Moscow City University
Published: December 2023

The relevance of the research lies in the fact that teachers often fail to cope with the tasks of digital communication and their own learning via digital platform, and therefore, digital means become a kind of a communication barrier for them, instead of being a unifying bond. The research objective is to summarize the experience of psychological and pedagogical interaction with the participants of the professional development program based on a digital educational platform in order to identify psychological and pedagogical deficiencies of working teachers, who are enrolled in the professional development program, and the challenges faced by the experts of the training program. The study hypothesizes that the teacher-training professional development program, organized on the basis of a digital educational platform, will allow us to identify specific challenges to the expert community caused by the practice of exclusively distant interaction, on the one hand, and on the other hand, it will help to identify professional deficiencies of working teachers and to overcome them. Participants: 53 teachers working in different regions of the Russian Federation aged from 21 to 70 years old with work experience from 1 to 40 years. Methods (tools): the questionnaire for fixing the psychological and pedagogical problems of the interviewees and the significance of the professional activity (by I. V. Egorov, D. V. Naumova, T. V. Sklyarova, L. B. Schneider), the expert method (included observation and expert assessments) to determine the manifestation of professional competencies of teachers. Results. The research results helped to find out that under the conditions of online learning, teachers demonstrate commitment to the position of a passive participant/listener, rather than an active co-author of the process. It is shown that adult education (of teachers, in particular) becomes a challenge to the expert community: the established mental patterns, individual and habitual models of obtaining knowledge determine the internal resistance and distrust to digital learning tools. It is revealed that the key shortage of the students is insufficient digital communication. Conclusions: to overcome teacher deficiencies the authors propose the construction of an individual educational route for professional development and the use of gamification techniques in digital learning. Practical significance: the results obtained will allow to adjust the professional development programs that are conducted via the digital platform.
Flue gas CO2 supply methods for microalgae utilization: A review
Authors: Yu Xiaosu , Guo Wangbiao , Hu Zhan , Li Pengcheng , Zhang Zhuowei (Amanda) , Cheng Jun , Song Chunfeng , Ye Qing
Published: December 2023

The potential for utilizing flue gas as a carbon source in microalgal cultivation holds great promise. Incorporating flue gas as a carbon source into microalgae culture processes can accelerate the growth rate of microalgae, consequently enhancing the overall economic viability of the integrated process. There are two key sources of flue gas to consider: flue gas from coal-fired power plants, characterized by a CO2 concentration of 12–15 w/w%, and flue gas from coal chemical processes, boasting a CO2 concentration of 90–99 w/w%. Additionally, the choice between an open or sealed microalgae culture system can also influence economic efficiency. Thus, there are four distinct microalgal cultivation routes to assess: in-situ open systems, off-situ open systems, in-situ sealed systems, and off-situ sealed systems. The incorporation of flue gas as a carbon source in microalgae cultivation demonstrates significant potential for reducing both environmental impact and costs, rendering it a highly promising and sustainable approach for economically efficient microalgae cultivation. In this review, the in-situ open route is recommended for the situation with high flue gas CO2 concentration and the target products of low-margin commodities, while the off-situ sealed route is suitable for the situation with low flue gas CO2 concentration and the target products of high value-added products.
基于高压液相色谱法通过检测没食子酸测定奇异链霉菌TBGS10的单宁酰基水解酶活性
Authors: Sugathan Shiburaj , Manikandan Soumya Koippully , Salim Sajna , Abdulhameed Sabu
Published: December 2023

单宁酶是一种水解酶，被称为单宁酰基水解酶，可作用于可水解单宁的酯键并产生没食子酸。单宁酶有多种来源。来自微生物，特别是曲霉属真菌的单宁酶已被用于食品、酿造和制药行业。尽管众所周知放线菌能产生多种工业酶，但放线菌的单宁酰水解酶活性鲜有报道。这篇文章论述了从喀拉拉邦西高止山脉慕那尔的娑罗森林中分离出的链霉菌的单宁酸酶活性。根据形态特征和16s rDNA同源性分析，该分离物被鉴定为奇异链霉菌TBGS10。该分离物在平板试验、深层和固态发酵条件下均表现出良好的单宁酶活性。高压液相色谱法测定了以腰果苹果渣为基质通过固态发酵产生的具有重要工业价值的中间产物没食子酸。提取物观察到没食子酸（gallic acid，GA）含量为142.624 g/mL，保留时间为2.506 min。利用根据NCBI-GenBank中类似链霉菌序列设计的特异引物，对菌株TBGS10的单宁酶基因进行了PCR扩增。
Hypertension and COVID-19 in the conditions of the Arctic watch (according to the data of the medical unit in Yamburg)
Authors: Shurkevich N. P. , Vetoshkin A. S. , Gapon L. I. , Kareva M. A.
Published: December 2023

Objective. To study the peculiarities of COVID-19 course and gender differences in patients with arterial hypertension (HTN) in the conditions of the Arctic watch.

Design and methods. In the settlement of Yamburg (Nadym district), 517 case histories were retrospectively analyzed by random sampling: 359 men (M) and 158 females (F) treated as inpatients at the medical unit of GAZPROM DOBYCHA YAMBURG LLC in the period 2019–2021. Of these, a diagnosis of COVID-19 was verified in 233 M (with HTN — 150 M (64 %) and 77 F (with HTN — 51 F (66 %)); and those without COVID-19: 126 M (with HTN — 77 M (61 %) and 81 F (with HTN — 38 F (47 %)). The diagnosis of COVID-19 was based on the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA by polymerase chain reaction. Retrospective analysis was performed as part of routine clinical practice; patients gave written informed consent for data processing according to the order No. 36/1 dated 29.01.2020 and the approved informed consent form.

Results. M and F groups who survived after COVID-19 were significantly older than those who did not. The largest number of COVID-19 patients among M and F were from the group of interregional watch — rotations from temperate regions without crossing the time zone (Tyumen, Ufa, Tobolsk), the smallest — from the group of intraregional watch (coming on a rotation from the Far North — cities Nadym, Novy Urengoy). Correlation analysis showed direct significant relationships between COVID-19 and age (p = 0,009), northern experience (p = 0,006), and history of HTN (p = 0,002). Patients with HTN who survived after COVID-19 were significantly more likely to have grade II obesity. M with HTN compared to F and M with normal blood pressure (BP), had a significant decrease in saturation (94,8 (5,0) % vs 95,9 (3,0) %, p = 0,038) and had an increase in the number of individuals with a severe course (11 % vs 4 %, p = 0,041). In 6 M with HTN who survived after COVID-19, atrial fibrillation was registered for the first time. Myocardial repolarization disorders, blockade changes (incomplete right bundle branch block), sinus tachycardia were registered more often in HTN subjects.

Conclusions. Thus, our analysis showed that patients with HTN, overweight or obesity were more likely to be infected with COVID-19 under the conditions of the Arctic watch. In 65 % of cases, COVID-19 was accompanied by moderate changes in the lungs of the CT1 type, due to the timely hospitalization of patients. M compared to F more often had a severe course of COVID-19 with a significant decrease in saturation and more frequent electrocardiography changes. Observation and being on a 2-week quarantine before the watch had no significant success in limiting the incidence of COVID-19.
Genetic diversity of today’s and ancestral populations of purebred Kholmogory cattle in the Komi Republic
Authors: Matyukov V. , Zharikov Ya.
Published: December 2023

The genealogical information and genetic markers of different types were used to evaluate the genetic diversity of the endangered Kholmogory cattle breed in the Komi Republic. The main genealogical and gene pool of the ancestral population is available in the gene pool farms and the bank of cryopreserved semen of bulls. The effective number of the today’s population is sufficient to prevent the inbreeding from increasing above the acceptable limits for a short time. However, to maintain the genetic diversity for a long time, we need to attain at least a two-fold increase in the effective population number, primarily by increasing the number of seed donors. The use of different types of markers allows to obtain the exhaustive and objective information about the dynamics of the gene pool of the endangered breed.
Productivity and properties of the green mass of varieties of narrow-leaved lupine selected by the Russian Potato Research Centre named after A. G. Lorkh
Authors: Emelev S. , Lybenko E. , Hlopov A.
Published: December 2023

The territory of the Kirov Region was place to conduct the field experiments on the cultivation and evaluation of the productivity of the green mass of plants of narrow-leaved lupine selected by the specialists of the A.G. Lorch Russian Potato Research Centre. For the growing season of 2022-2023, the amount of green mass per unit area in plants of the lupine varieties Accord, Fedorovsky, and Metsenat was significantly higher than that in the control plants (green pea of the variety Ukaz and field pea of the variety Ryabchik). The content of nitrogen, crude protein and crude ash in the green mass of lupin plants was higher compared to that of pea plants. The amount of exchange energy in the green mass of plants of the studied varieties did not change significantly in 2022 but there were significant differences in this indicator in lupine and pea plants in 2023. The difference reached 30%.
The effect of the plant growth stimulant (succinic acid) and cutting terms on the rooting ability of green pear and quince cuttings
Authors: Zacepina I.
Published: December 2023

The article highlights the research results on the rooting of green pear and quince cuttings in the first and second decades of June. Green cuttings were taken from mother shrubs and treated with the plant growth stimulator of succinic acid. As the pear and quince cuttings took roots, we determined the rooting ability of rootstocks, number of standard rootstocks, height of the rooted rootstocks, diameter of the conditional root neck, number of roots, length of the root system. The rootstocks of pear PG 12 (k), PG 2, PG 17-16, PG 333 and quince VA 29, Severnaya demonstrated the best indicators of rooting ability, number of standard rootstocks, diameter of the conditional root neck, number and length of roots.
In vitro reproduction of promising potato varieties for cultivation in the Komi Republic
Authors: Kalashnikova E. , Kirakosyan R. , Zaynullin V. , Yudin A.
Published: December 2023

The paper deals with the results of clonal micropropagation of promising potato varieties for cultivation in the conditions of the Komi Republic. The study material is three potato varieties (Zyryanets, Pechorsky, Vychegodsky), characterized by the high resistance to late blight and abiotic stress factors in the conditions of the Komi Republic. The primary explants were weakly germinated eyeholes, as well as cuttings and shoot tips isolated from 14- and 30-day-old potato plants which underwent surface sterilization and then were cultivated in the Murashige–Skoog nutrient medium containing various hormones. The Pechorsky variety was identified to have the high growth index and specific growth rate of shoots in vitro. This variety can be included in studies on cell and genetic engineering aimed at creating potato forms with the complex resistance.
Development of a PCR test system for the detection of Potato virus Y
Authors: Bessolicyna E. , Tulinov A. , Novoselova N. , Harina A.
Published: December 2023

Potato virus Y infects potato plants and causes serious damage to agriculture by reducing the yield of this crop. Therefore, there is a need to identify this pathogen. Potato viruses contain RNA, so immunological methods or PCR combined with reverse transcription can be used. The aim of this work was to develop a PCR test system for the detection of Potato virus Y. Primers for the reverse transcription reaction and subsequent PCR were found. Annealing temperatures and size of the amplified fragment were calculated. Primers and reaction conditions on plant material were tested. PCR products of the calculated size were obtained. The determination of their nucleotide sequence confirmed the identification of the genetic material of Potato virus Y. Thus, this PCR test system can be used to detect Potato virus Y.
Historical aspect of the formation and development of potato growing in the Nenets Autonomous District
Authors: Filippova A. , Romanenko T.
Published: December 2023

The article presents a review of historical issues of origin, establishment and development of potato growing in the Nenets Autonomous District. The Naryan-Mar Agricultural Experimental Station played a major role in scientific support of the development of farming in the district, which for the first time proved the possibility of growing vegetable crops and initiated the development of a new branch of farming for the district. For the period from 1936 to 1994 the works carried out at the station on testing of potato samples of both domestic and foreign selection, derivation of new varieties from hybrids of various reproductions at tests in various nurseries suitable for cultivation in natural-climatic conditions of the district, one of perspective varieties named Kuryer (Courier) surpassing other varieties on the totality of economic and useful qualities are described. The great work on development of agrotechnics with application of various methods and fertilizers is shown and the conclusion about the prospect of potato growing development in connection with more favorable climatic conditions and appearance of new high-yielding zoned varieties for the Far North is made.
Evaluation of productivity of the potato varieties of the Ural selection from collection of the Institute of Agrobiotechnologies FRC Komi SC UB RAS
Authors: Turlakova A. , Bykov S. , Pozhirickaya A. , Zaynullin V.
Published: December 2023

The article discusses the results of two years of testing the potato varieties of the Ural selection from the collection of the Institute of Agrobiotechnology. The obtained data indicate a greater plasticity of the studied varieties. The first results including the phenological data allow us to recommend the varieties Terra and Shah for use in potato growing practice in the northern region. Hybrids demonstrated the relatively high productivity rate with the high marketability of the varieties 14-27-6 and 17-47-3. The maximum yield and marketability of tubers were identified for the varieties Terra (34.1 t/ha and 97.5 %), Mishka (32.2 t/ha and 97.1 %) in 2022. The maximum weight of tubers per shrub (0.701 kg) but the minimum marketability (88.5%) was recorded for the Argo variety.
Slow-release drug for the treatment of piglet pneumonia
Authors: Zuev N. , Lopatin V. , Tuchkov N. , Shutikov V. , Adon'eva E.
Published: December 2023

Enzootic pneumonia of piglets caused a considerable economic damage. It includes direct losses from mortality, forced slaughter, low weight gains, loss of breeding qualities, direct emergency costs associated with frequent and often inefficient treatment of animals, disinfection, sanitary repair of rooms and others, indirect costs. The paper considers how to increase the efficiency of measures against piglet pneumonia of bacterial etiology. It discusses tylosin forms, the possibilities of prevention of toxic effects by achieving a fast and complete effect when drugs are administered in lower, than usual, daily doses, prevention or reduction of the acquired drug resistance of pathogenic microorganisms. It also highlights the questions of increasing the economic efficiency, environmental safety and economic efficiency of the drugs used.
Tenacious Stereotypes and Inflated Expectations. Review of the Book “Admiring the Academic Class: Reflection of the Social History of Soviet Science in Literature, Art and Public Rhetoric” by K. Frumkin
Authors: Egerev Sergey
Published: December 2023

The review notes the significance of the monograph. In his book, the cultural studies scholar Konstantin Frumkin has collected unique materials on the evolution of the theme of science and scientists in Soviet (Russian) culture throughout the 20th century. The author develops two parallel story lines. The first line presents an analysis of the historical development of Russian science in the 20th century. The second line presents a detailed list of templates and stereotypes of the academic environment that have developed in art. It is shown that the most widespread and iconic in Soviet art is the representation of the positive character of scientist as a self-sacrificing enthusiast. Other stereotypes under discussion include scientists’ self-sacrifice and their fighting qualities which allow them to resist impostors in science. The themes of struggle with academic plagiarism and careerism were developed. Under the sign of state impatience and inflated expectations, the obligatory theme of the connection between science and production was elaborated. An important conclusion is drawn about the tenacity of stereotypes which were not hindered by the evolution of Soviet society’s attitude to science.
Data Science in the System of Contemporary Scientific Knowledge. Review of the Book “Data Science Thinking: The Next Scientific, Technological and Economic Revolution” by Longbing Cao
Authors: Gureyev Vadim , Mazov Nikolay
Published: December 2023

This paper reviews the book “Data Science Thinking: The Next Scientific, Technological and Economic Revolution” by Longbing Cao (ORCID: 0000-0003-1562-9429). He is a prominent Australian researcher specializing in informatics and wide range of current topical studies in machine learning, artificial intelligence, etc. Despite the large volume of the book, the author densely represent the formation of data science as a new discipline. This subject area demonstrates a number of unique features as compared to “traditional” sciences, i.e. a closer link between theory and practice, merging approaches from the humanities / social sciences and exact / natural sciences, as well as the possibility to study previously unknown and inaccessible phenomena. The book can generate interest among researchers of the history of science, as well as experts who work with data.
Human Genome Research: Ethical and Legal Issues and Ways to Solve Them. Review of the Monograph “Law in the Era of the Genetic Revolution. Progress of Human Genomics from the Standpoint of the Legal Approach” by V. V. Lapaeva
Authors: Vasiliev Anton
Published: December 2023

The article provides an analysis of the content of the monograph “Law in the Era of the Genetic Revolution. Progress of Human Genomics from the Standpoint of the Legal Approach” by V.V.Lapaeva. The reviewer gives a general description of the work and reveals the content of such subject areas of the book as protecting the rights of test patients and donors of biological material, stimulating national scientific and technological development, as well as preventing threats due to the uncontrolled use of human genome editing technologies. Particular attention is paid to the monograph’s coverage of the problems of Russian legislative policy in the field of human genome research and the author’s substantiation of the thesis that the creation of favorable legal conditions for the development of research in the field of human genome is impossible in isolation from the legal support for the development of Russian science as a whole.
Staff Policy and Personnel Practices. Review of the Monograph “The Soviet Atomic Project: An Experience of Human Resourcing” by N. V. Melnikova
Authors: Chulkova Galina
Published: December 2023

The monograph presents a comprehensive analysis of the staffing of the Soviet nuclear project: its principles, forms, methods, mechanisms, as well as organizational, managerial, educational, economic and social measures in the context of the Soviet economic system. The review highlights that in the book, for the first time, the author presents an analysis of previously unpublished materials and sources of a personal nature. This allows to cover various aspects – from the institutional frameworks for the formation of personnel to internal “atomic” social practices. The significance of the presented research lies in the fact that it shows the role of the human factor in the transformation of the USSR into a nuclear power.
A Project to Purify Education of the Superficial and Return to the Roots. Review of the Joint Monograph “Modern Russian Education: Challenges and Answers”
Authors: Semenov Evgeny , Skazochkin Aleksandr
Published: December 2023

The monograph provides an analysis of the condition of the education system in Russia and the process of its renewal. The authors discuss issues of for-profit education, the training of professionals in the higher education system, the development of values, thinking and worldview of a person during the educational process in detail and consider the problems of reforming school education. They highlight the qualitative analysis of the state of the higher education system before and after Russia’s ratification the Bologna Declaration, outline the functional foundations of education in the Soviet period and formulate the results of the reform efforts of recent decades. The authors substantiate the conclusion that there has been no unified reform of Russian education – a well-targeted and working for the interests of the nation state and society – for the last thirty years. And there is still no such reform. There are only a number of reform trends coming from various initiators, and there are vague public proposals for what the future of Russian education should be. The authors predict that it will be developed as an independent structure in the global education services market under conditions of many determining factors.
On the Value of a Scientific Document. Part 1
Authors: Lazarev Vladimir
Published: December 2023

The author considers the terminological confusion associated with designations of properties of scientific documents represented by their citation rate. Once again, we argue in favor of the statement that the citedness of research documents directly represents their use, which in turn represents their value. The need to continue the relevant polemic and strengthen the argumentation is caused by the fact that many experts either do not associate citedness with value or are indifferent to the issue of properties of documents represented by citation rate. Also, many bibliometricians confuse value of documents with their quality. Moreover, there is a point of view according to which the use is only one of the factors that cause citations to scientific documents; while just addressing to documents is considered, on the contrary, as an undoubted evidence of their use – though in this case it remains unknown whether the full text of the retrieved document has been at least briefly reviewed by the user. The article gives critical consideration to these issues. The opinion is expressed that a certain misunderstanding of the concept “use of a document” is due to its involuntary confusion with the traditional library concept “use of a library stock”. It is also shown that taking the philosophical notion of value for consideration can add even more confusion to the terminology used to denote the properties of a scientific document that are represented by its citation rate par excellence. Some definitions of the concept “document’s value” that circulate in contemporary library science are critically analyzed. Accordingly, the author makes an attempt to clarify the concepts and content of the terms “value of a scientific document” and “use of a scientific document”.
Specifically, the present first part of this work contains mainly examples and criticism of the terminological confusion about the designation of the properties of a scientific document represented by its citedness and use. They are considered through the prism of the unspecified concepts of value and quality of a research document. The author used them before completing his work on the second part of this article. It will elaborate and specify the concept of value of a scientific document.
From the History of the Development of Russian Space Television
Authors: Borisov Vasily
Published: December 2023

The article examines the activities for the development of the space television system in Russia. The date of birth of the national space television is October 7, 1959. It is the day of the beginning of the radio and television transmission of images of the far side of the Moon to Earth. In 1971, the international satellite communication and broadcasting system Intersputnik was created in the USSR. Soon after the beginning of its development, the control of the Earth from space for the purposes of space surveillance and aerospace defense became an important function of space television.
The spread of moonshine production in Russia during social crises
Authors: Bruno Viktoria , Pozdnyakova Margarita
Published: December 2023

The article investigates the issue of the production and consumption of unregistered alcohol, specifically moonshine. Based on quantitative and qualitative research data, the involvement of various population groups in Russia in moonshine consumption and production is examined. It is shown that after years of decline, moonshine consumption began to rise again from 2012, almost doubling in volume. The analysis revealed that moonshine consumption is more prevalent among low-income segments of the population and is widely spread in rural areas and small towns, where it is consumed more frequently and in larger quantities. As prosperity increases, moonshine consumption decreases; however, with further economic growth, moonshine consumption starts to rise again. Analysis of interviews with moonshine producers and consumers using qualitative sociology methods, along with expert survey data, helped identify the specific factors and social reasons that drive citizens toward moonshine production and consumption. These include economic factors (savings, accessibility, moonshine as a medium of exchange), safety factors (concern for the quality of the produced moonshine), and socio-cultural factors (moonshine production as a tradition and lifestyle, a means of communication, a hobby, and a form of leisure). Based on the analysis of expert interview data, the state’s ambivalent attitude towards moonshine production and consumption is revealed, recognising the need for regulatory measures in this area but lacking the necessary control tools for moonshine stills and illegal moonshine.