bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengawasan Pelaksanaan Otonomi Daerah
Authors: Ansori Mhd
Published: May 2019

Supervision is a part of the overall authority of the government, because at the last level the Central Government must be responsible for the whole administration, justifying the holding of supervision of all regional actions, because the integrity of the Unitary State must be maintained. Regional autonomy as autonomy for regional people and not "regional" autonomy in the sense of a particular region / territorial at the local level, if the implementation of regional autonomy is carried out by the Regional Government, that authority must be managed fairly, honestly and democratically. In administering the government, the central government uses the principles of decentralization, co-administration and deconcentration in accordance with the prevailing laws and regulations, while the regional governments in administering the government use the principles of decentralization and co-administration. The purpose of this paper is to find out, analyze the supervision of regional autonomy. The type of research used is normative juridical research, using a conceptual approach, a legislative approach and a historical approach.
Kedudukan Asas Hukum dalam Penyelesaian Sengketa Melalui Arbitrase Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 1999
Authors: Supeno Supeno , Dahri Muhtar , Zakariya Hafid
Published: May 2019

The enactment of Law No. 30 of 1999 concerning Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution is a step forward in dispute resolution in Indonesia, especially the settlement of disputes in the field of trade in response to the deadlock in the settlement of trade disputes that require resolutions quickly, cheaply, informally, and maintained interests and the secrets of the parties. However, there are still some rules and practices that are not in line with the principle of arbitration law itself. In this paper will be reviewed and analyzed the position of the legal principle used in resolving disputes through arbitration, so it is hoped that these legal principles can be upheld by all interested parties, if there are legal rules and legal practices that are contrary to this legal principle, they can be ruled out.
Kajian Kriminologi dan Hukum Pidana terhadap Perilaku Vigilantisme pada Masyarakat
Authors: Beridiansyah Beridiansyah
Published: May 2019

The ongoing construction companies currently carry a wide range of impacts both positive or negative influence, these effects also impacted the habits on society in addressing any social problems that happen to be settled quickly and instantly, so the imposition of the will is not uncommon accompanied by acts of violence in the form of vigilantism and perform other unlawful acts by ignoring the presumption of innocence that we have adopted in the law enforcement system in our country. The purpose of writing this journal to find the cause of vigilantism on society. To know more about this then vigilantism in question is what is meant by vigilantism and crime and how the approach of criminology and criminal law against vigilantism. Act of vigilantism is a form of public disappointment against careless law enforcement agencies in addressing the problems faced by the community
Analisa Ekonomi Atas Hukum Pidana terhadap Penanggulangan Tindak Pidana Korupsi
Authors: Syaputra Dedy
Published: May 2019

Life in the community will not be far from economic problems, so even economic problems will become a legal problem if the aspect of fulfilling daily needs suffers. Then criminal problems will arise such as theft, and others. Even on a larger scale can the white collar crime arise. The purpose of this study aims to analyze economics of law, or commonly known as "Economic Analysis of Law" will test systemically how people act against legal incentives and analyze them according to social welfare measures. The method used is a normative juridical approach, which is to find the legal norms and norms for dealing with corruption
Kebijakan Formulasi Hukum Pidana Terkait Wajib Menyalakan Lampu Utama pada Siang Hari Dalam Pasal 107 Ayat (2) Undang-Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2009 Tentang Lalu Lintas dan Angkutan Jalan
Authors: Iswanto Reza
Published: May 2019

Current traffic accidents continue to occur on the highway so it does not rule out the possibility of casualties. For this reason, Law Number 22 Year 2009 concerning Traffic and Road Transportation has been issued as amended by Law Number 14 of 1992 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation. In Law Number 22 of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation there are more specific arrangements regarding requiring motorbike riders to turn on their main motorbike lights during the day, namely Article 107 Paragraph (2) of Law Number 22 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation. The background of the policy on the formulation of criminal law Article 107 Paragraph (2) of Law Number 22 Year 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation is that Law Number 14 of 1992 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation is no longer compatible with conditions, strategic environmental changes and the need to carry out Road Traffic and Transportation at this time and to realize security and reduce the number of accidents that always increase every year. However, the implication of Article 107 Paragraph (2) of Law Number 22 Year 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation is the greater loss obtained than the benefits generated. Therefore, the impending formulation of criminal law policy related to Article 107 Paragraph (2) of Law Number 22 Year 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation is the abolition of Article 107 Paragraph (2) Law Number 22 Year 2009 concerning Traffic and Road Transportation. To get the results of this study, the normative legal approach is used by prioritizing library materials or secondary data which is carried out by analyzing Article 107 Paragraph (2) of Law Number 22 Year 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation and then associated with expert opinion
Penyelesaian Sengketa Pemilihan Umum di Indonesia
Authors: Ansori Mhd
Published: May 2019

The realization of democracy in Indonesia is one of which is carried out by general elections, this is a political contestation which often present disputes.There is a general understanding that effective electoral dispute resolution mechanisms and processes are a “sine qua non” for fair and fair elections.As well as the implementation of the general election system is designed in there is alwayas a possibility of violations that can reduce the quality of general elections, for that as well as the implementation of the general election system, within it is always available a trusted istitutional mechanism to resolve various types of general election objections and disputes.Disputes or disputes can be divided into two, that is (1) disputes in the electoral process (especially those that occur between participants in the general election or between candidates) which have been handled by the election supervisory committee and election results disputes or disputes. This paper aims to find out and analyze the dispute resolution of elections in Indonesia.The type of research used is normative juridical research, using conceptual approach, legislation approach, and historical approach
INTEGRATION OF MOBILE TECHNOLOGY INTO EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICES FOR STUDENTS WITH EMOTIONAL AND CONDUCT DISORDERS IN CLASSROOM
Authors: Altaweel Nora A.
Published: May 2019

Mobile technology (MT) may create new opportunities for teachers to enhance the implementation of evidence-based practices (EBPs) for students with emotional and conduct disorders (ECD) in United States. However, there remains a relative paucity of research reviewing the effectiveness of integrating MT into EBPs, also referred to as emerging practices (EPs). This integrative review provides a synthesis of the research on the effectiveness of EPs for students with ECD in the K-12 classroom environment. A total of 11 empirical studies, published from 2008 to 2018, were reviewed. Results suggest that EPs may increase academic engagement for students with ECD during academic situations. Yet, drawing conclusions remains challenging due to limitations in relation to: (a) the unique power of EPs in isolation from some interfering variables, (b) generalizability of documented findings to various settings. Future research studies should ideally further address the areas of limitation toward conclusive claims concerning the effectiveness of EPs for students with ECD.
Keywords: conduct disorders, educational setting, emerging practices, emotional disorders, evidence-based practices, mobile technology.
EMPHASIS MANIPULATION EFFECT IN TERMS OF THE LEAST-ABLED SETS ON COGNITIVE LOAD, TRANSFER, AND INSTRUCTIONAL EFFICIENCY
Authors: Choi Soonri , Kim Namjung , Choi Seohyun , Kim Dongsik
Published: May 2019

This research suggests emphasis manipulation on constituent skills of least-abled sets, improves coordination and integration of knowledge, skills, and attitudes on cognitive load, transfer, and instructional efficiency. The participants were divided into two groups. Competency levels for the designated skill sets were evaluated, and a pre-test was performed on both groups. The research applied an educational design based on individual learner’s least-abled sets of constituent skills and identified the design’s effectiveness on complex learning. One group was provided with the whole learning contents according to emphasis manipulation sequencing method, and the other group was provided personalized learning contents according to a method based on the least-abled sets of constituent skills emphasis manipulation. The group received materials constructed with emphasis manipulation, learned the whole constituent skills of learning contents and carried out conventional tasks. However, treatment group received materials constructed with the least-abled sets of constituent skills emphasis manipulation, learned only the least-abled constituent skills and carried out conventional tasks. This research suggests that teaching with the least-abled sets of constituent skills helps to reduce expertise-reversal effect and improve results of cognitive load, transfer and instructional efficiency. Keywords: cognitive load, complex tasks, emphasis manipulation, instructional efficiency, learning transfer.
A influência da reprodução cultural sobre o hábito de sucção de chupeta
Authors: Mendes Maria Luiza Marins , Gluszevicz Ana Carolina , Saldanha Mariana Domingos , Costa Vanessa Polina Pereira , Gabatz Ruth Irmgard Bärtschi , Michelon Douver
Published: May 2019

Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi conhecer a percepção dos pais sobre o hábito da sucção de chupeta de seus filhos, além de descrever as experiências relacionadas à utilização desse objeto. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, realizada com 10 pais de pré-escolares que participaram da estratégia motivacional para remoção de chupeta, realizada através de atividade lúdica nas escolas. As entrevistas foram gravadas e transcritas, logo após foram ponderadas por meio da análise de conteúdo temática. A partir das entrevistas ficou evidente que a prática da utilização da chupeta está fortemente relacionada à cultura, e que os pais percebem este como um hábito comum e presente na criação de seus filhos. Apesar de entenderem que o hábito prolongado pode ser prejudicial, enfrentam dificuldades para a remoção do mesmo. Enfatiza-se que a cultura é transformável, sendo necessária uma abordagem participativa construída a partir de novas técnicas de educação em saúde.Palavras-chave: Chupeta; Motivação; Pesquisa qualitativa; Cultura; Pré-escolar. The influence of cultural reproduction on the pacifier sucking habitAbstract: The aim of this study was know the parents' perception about the pacifier sucking habits of their children, as well as to describe the experiences related to the use of this object. This is a qualitative research carried out with 10 preschool parents who participated in the motivational strategy for pacifier removal, performed through playful activity in schools. The interviews were recorded and transcribed, soon after they were weighted through the thematic content analysis. From the interviews, it was evident that the practice of using the pacifier is strongly related to culture, and that parents perceive this as a common habit and present in the creation of their children. Although they understand that the prolonged habit can be harmful, they face difficulties for the removal of the same. It is emphasized that the culture is transformable, being necessary a participative approach constructed from new techniques of education in health.Keywords: Pacifier; Motivation; Qualitative research; Culture; Preschool child.
Potencialidades da técnica de grupo focal para a pesquisa em vigilância sanitária e atenção primária à saúde
Authors: Souza Mariluce Karla Bomfim de , Lima Yara Oyram Ramos , Paz Bianca Maria Santos da , Costa Ediná Alves , Cunha Alcione Brasileiro Oliveira , Dos Santos Rosenilde
Published: May 2019

Resumo: Este artigo teve por objetivo discutir potencialidades do grupo focal (GF) para o desenvolvimento de pesquisa sobre Vigilância Sanitária e Atenção Primária à Saúde. Foram realizados GF: com técnicos da vigilância sanitária municipal e profissionais das equipes de saúde da família. Para planejamento e montagem, foram observadas questões orçamentárias e estruturais, organizados roteiros, estabelecidas responsabilidades e selecionados os participantes. Os GF transcorreram com duplas de moderadores e observadores, suporte tecnológico e respeito aos aspectos éticos. Desafios não suplantaram potencialidades do uso da técnica, como a possibilidade de vocalização de profissionais da Vigilância Sanitária pela especificidade das atividades regulatórias, a neutralidade do ambiente para a realização da discussão entre os participantes, a oportunidade de diálogo gerada pela interação e a possibilidade de revisitar a realidade pelo olhar do outro. Conclui-se que a aplicação de uma técnica de pesquisa com rigor metodológico é condição necessária para a produção científica de qualidade.Palavras-chave: Grupos Focais; Vigilância Sanitária; Atenção Primária à Saúde. Potential of the focus group technique for research in health surveillance and primary health careAbstract: This article aimed to highlight the potential of the focus group (FG) for the development of research on Health Surveillance and Primary Health Care. GF were performed: with the municipal health sanitation and the professionals of the family health teams. To the planning and setting, in which not allowed, and the organized rotaries, greens and the tasks the storages. The FGs had double sessions of moderators and observers, technological support and respect for ethical aspects. Challenges did not supplant the potentialities of the use of the technique, as a possibility of vocalization of health professionals. The discipline of regulatory activities, a neutrality of the environment for an accomplishment of the task among the participants, an opportunity for dialogue generated by the interaction and a possibility to revisit a research by the method of a rigorous research technique is necessary for a scientific production of quality.Keywords: Focus Groups; Health Surveillance; Primary Health Care.
Desconstruções estratégicas para abordagens qualitativas: o binarismo e as percepções do outro
Authors: Leugi Guilherme Bergo , Muniz Cátia Regina , Holanda Giovanni Moura de , Alves Angela Maria
Published: May 2019

Resumo: A discussão ora apresentada nasceu de um projeto de pesquisa conduzido no âmbito de um laboratório multidisciplinar para desenvolvimento de metodologias e sistemas de avaliação de políticas públicas e corporativas, produto de interlocuções multidisciplinares. O trabalho apresenta fundamentos epistemológicos e metodológicos para compreender populações marginalizadas e suas demandas para políticas públicas do ponto de vista de uma análise contextual baseada nos princípios da desconstrução e outras ferramentas de análise qualitativa. O texto recupera definições basilares da formação de construtos sociais por meio de lógicas binárias, expõe alternativas para enfrentá-las e questioná-las, especialmente considerando a desconstrução, a teoria Queer, o rizoma, o interacionismo simbólico e a análise contextual social. Ao final são traçadas implicações para superar criativamente o vácuo deixado por uma abordagem desconstrucionista.Palavras-chave: Desconstrução; Abordagens qualitativas; Metodologias de análise; Epistemologia; Políticas públicas. Strategic deconstructions for qualitative approaches: binarism and perceptions of othersAbstract: The present discussion was prompted from research conducted within a multidisciplinary laboratory for the development of methodologies and systems for the evaluation of public and corporate policies, as a product of multidisciplinary debates. The paper presents epistemological and methodological foundations to understand marginalized populations and their necessities regarding public policies, from the perspective of a contextual analysis based on the principles of deconstruction and other tools of qualitative analysis. The text dwells on basic definitions of the formation of social constructs through a binary logic, suggests alternatives to face and question such logic, especially considering deconstruction, Queer theory, rhizome, symbolic interactionism, and social contextual analysis. In conclusion, implications are drawn to creatively overcome the vacuum left by a deconstructionist approach.Keywords: Deconstruction; Qualitative approaches; Methodologies of analysis; Epistemology; Public policies.
A dialética na categorização da análise textual discursiva: o movimento recursivo entre palavra e conceito
Authors: Galiazzi Maria Do Carmo , Sousa Robson Simplicio de
Published: May 2019

Resumo: Apresentamos, neste texto, parte do estudo para compreendermos sobre categorização na Análise Textual Discursiva (ATD) de Moraes e Galiazzi (2007). Trataremos de uma das categorias finais emergentes sobre categoria na ATD, a dialética. Portanto, nossa pergunta é: “O que é isto, a dialética na categorização na ATD?”. Inicialmente, expressamos a compreensão alcançada da palavra dialética e, posteriormente, seus sentidos conceituais no livro de ATD. A primeira categoria intermediária mostra a dialética no processo de unitarização e de categorização em movimento dialético entre ordem e desordem. A segunda engloba o modo de teorizar na pesquisa entre teorias a priori e teorias emergentes. A terceira mostra o movimento entre processos indutivos e dedutivos, atentos aos intuitivos e auto-organizados na pesquisa. Compreendemos que a ATD é um exercício hermenêutico em um círculo virtuoso de autoconhecimento que encontra a palavra, dela vai ao conceito e à palavra retorna em fusão de horizontes.Palavras-chave: Análise Textual Discursiva; Categoria; Dialética. Dialetics in the categorization of textual discursive analysis: the recursive movement between word and conceptAbstract: We present here part of the study about categorization in Moraes and Galiazzi’s Discursive Textual Analysis (DTA) (2007). We will deal with one of the emerging final categories on category from DTA book, the dialectics. So our question is, "What is this, dialectics in the categorization of DTA?". Initially, we express an understanding of the word dialectics and, later, its conceptual senses from DTA book. The first intermediate category shows the process of unitarization and categorization in dialectical movement between order and disorder. The second includes the way of theorizing in research between a priori theories and emerging theories. The third shows the movement between inductive and deductive processes, being alert to intuitive and self-organized processes in research. We understand DTA is a hermeneutic exercise in a virtuous circle of self-understanding that finds the word, it goes to the concept and to the word returns in fusion of horizons.Keywords: Textual Discursive Analysis; Category; Dialectics.
Epistemologia de Ludwik Fleck presente na proposta de Mendes sobre redes de atenção à saúde
Authors: Grignet Rodrigo Juliano , Zilly Adriana , Silva-Sobrinho Reinaldo Antônio
Published: May 2019

Resumo: A pesquisa analisou na obra Mendiana a presença de reflexões que remontem o pensamento Fleckiano, presente nas redes de atenção à saúde. Para tanto utilizou-se um estudo revisional narrativo e toda prospecção textual foi retirada da obra do autor, observando expressões ou estruturas que reforcem, apontem ou apresentem indicativos do conteúdo epistemológico de Fleck. Elaborou-se um quadro sinóptico com alinhamento ao pensamento do pesquisador e verificou-se que a estrutura de pensamento percebida na ideia de construção das redes de atenção à saúde são reflexos de modificação contínua destas redes. Portanto, a circulação e modificação de conceitos e paradigmas nos grupos de coletivo de pensamento estão sutilmente alinhadas com o pensamento do epistemólogo. Trata-se de ideias circulantes e determinantes, observadas contundentemente na necessidade de transferência contínua de conhecimento, delegando responsabilidade e autonomia aos partícipes das redes.Palavras-chave: Fleck; Epistemologia; Redes de Atenção à Saúde; Coletivo de Pensamento; Sociedade. Epistemology by Ludwik Fleck presented in Mendes proposal on health care networksAbstract: The research analyzed in the work Mendiana the presence of reflections that go back the Fleckiano thought, present in the health care networks. For this purpose a narrative review was used and all textual exploration was taken from the author's work, observing expressions or structures that reinforce, point or present indicative of the epistemological content of Fleck. A synoptic framework was drawn up in line with the researcher's thinking and it was verified that the structure of thought perceived in the idea of the construction of health care networks is a reflection of the continuous modification of these networks. Therefore, the circulation and modification of concepts and paradigms in the collective groups of thought are subtly aligned with the thinking of the epistemologist. These are circulating and determining ideas, strongly observed in the need for continuous transfer of knowledge, delegating responsibility and autonomy to network participants.Keywords: Fleck; Epistemology; Health Care Networks; Collective Thought; Society.
Tropology and Inimitability: Ibn ʿĀshūr's Theory oftafsīrin the Ten Prolegomena toal-Taḥrīr wa'l-tanwīr
Authors: Haddad Gibril Fouad
Published: May 2019

To date, over 50 master's and doctoral dissertations in the universities of the Arab world have been devoted to the thirty-volume al-Taḥrīr wa'l-tanwīr by the Tunisian Qāḍī and Rector of Zaytūna, Muḥammad al-Ṭāhir b. ʿĀshūr (d. 1973), one of the most influential and encyclopædic authors of his generation. There are only a handful of published book-length works in Arabic on the Taḥrīr and and none in English, while translations of works of Qur'anic hermeneutics into English in general can be counted on the fingers of one hand. In the first 125 pages of his taḥrīr Ibn ʿĀshūr presents his approach in the form of a modern mufassir's manual with a preamble and ten prolegomena. This paper sums up the contents of this important contemporary treatise and situates it as a proposed rediscovery of Qur'anic inimitability and a curriculum for exegetes identifying the disciplines needed to study the Qur'an, beginning with rhetoric and tropology.
The Role of Arabic Grammar in Understanding and Appreciating the Qur'an
Authors: Muhammad Wajih Mamoon Abdelhaleem
Published: May 2019

This study aims to explore the influence of Arabic grammar on the study of the Qur'anic text and will highlight how the discipline of Arabic grammar developed to ensure correct reading and understanding of the Qur'an, and the preservation of the muṣḥaf. The study deals with two issues: first it discusses form, determining the accurate pronunciation of words and construction of sentences, and taṣḥīḥ (‘validation’) of the qirāʾāt. Second, it addresses the role of grammatical meaning in understanding the Qur'an, and the subtlety of its structures, which have left the Text open to a multiplicity of understandings in the production of fiqh.
Robust Nonlinear Control of BLDC Motor in Quadcopter Applications
Authors: Elliott Steven , Carr Thomas
Published: May 2019

This paper describes the development of a nonlinear closed loop motor control system for a quadcopter micro-unmanned aerial vehicle (micro-UAV) platform. Research groups have analyzed the performance of brushless direct current (BLDC) motors with nonlinear effects in various applications, focusing on areas such as friction’s effect on position. This paper analyzes the nonlinear effects of BLDC motors on speed when these motors are used in quadcopter flying robots. Notably, to account for nonlinear torque from the aerodynamic forces on a quadcopter rotor, a Control Lyapunov Function (CLF) approach is used in designing a stable feedback control system. The paper also explains the custom model and simulation of the system built in MATLAB/Simulink used to demonstrate and quantify the successful performance of the design.
KEYWORDS: Control Lyapunov Function; Micro-Unmanned Aerial Vehicle; Aerial Robotics; Quadcopters; Nonlinear Motor Control
Explicit Solution for Cylindrical Heat Conduction
Authors: Parsons Kaitlyn , Reichanadter Tyler , Vicksman Andi , Segur Harvey
Published: May 2019

The heat equation is a partial differential equation that elegantly describes heat conduction or other diffusive processes. Primary methods for solving this equation require time-independent boundary conditions. In reality this assumption rarely has any validity. Therefore it is necessary to construct an analytical method by which to handle the heat equation with time-variant boundary conditions. This paper analyzes a physical system in which a solid brass cylinder experiences heat flow from the central axis to a heat sink along its outer rim. In particular, the partial differential equation is transformed such that its boundary conditions are zero which creates a forcing function in the transform PDE. This transformation constructs a Green’s function, which admits the use of variation of parameters to find the explicit solution. Experimental results verify the success of this analytical method.
KEYWORDS: Heat Equation; Bessel-Fourier Decomposition; Cylindrical; Time-dependent Boundary Conditions; Orthogonality; Partial Differential Equation; Separation of Variables; Green’s Functions
What Angle Will You Take? Patterns of Perspective-Taking in a Body-Based Task
Authors: Garon Tegan
Published: May 2019

When people conceptualize abstract ideas, different perspectives can help them to make connections and develop their reasoning. In this study, three third grade students who engaged in a body-based angle task, using the Kinect for Windows, were analyzed. Descriptions of their interviews are presented, including a detailed analysis of their patterns of perspective-taking and factors that might have been conducive to their learning. It was observed that students typically adopted a body-based perspective before transitioning to other perspectives. Further, the design of the task and interviewer comments were important factors that prompted students to take different perspectives. The implications for perspectives and their impacts on learning are discussed.
KEYWORDS: Embodied Cognition; Angles; Mathematics Education; Perspectives; Movement
Affine Symmetry Tensors in Minkowski Space
Authors: Ahern Isaac , Cook Sam
Published: May 2019

Killing vectors are generators of symmetries in a spacetime. This article defines certain generalizations of Killing vectors, called affine symmetry tensors, or simply affine tensors. While the affine vectors of the Minkowski spacetime are well known, and partial results for valence n = 2 have been discussed, affine tensors of valence n > 2 have never been exhibited. In this article, we discuss a computational algorithm to compute affine tensors in Minkowski spacetime, and discuss the results for affine tensors of valence 2 ≤ n ≤ 7. After comparison with analogous results concerning Killing tensors, we make several conjectures about the spaces of affine tensors in Minkowski spacetime.
KEYWORDS: Affine Symmetry Tensors; Affine Vectors; Killing Tensors; Killing Vectors; Minkowski Spacetime; Dimension; Maple CAS; Lie Derivative; Generalized Killing Tensor
Use of the Bruker AXS SMART BREEZE™ System for Macromolecular X-ray Data Collection
Authors: Standle Christiana , Overson Blake , Black Cody , Rocabado Guizella , Howard Bruce
Published: May 2019

The Bruker AXS SMART BREEZE™ system is a single-crystal X-ray diffractometer designed to collect data from crystals of small organic or inorganic compounds. It is typically equipped with a Molybdenum-anode sealed tube to facilitate data collection from small unit cells. We recently acquired this system, but chose to have it installed with a copper-anode sealed tube with the hope of using it to collect data from larger unit cells such as those found in crystals of proteins or other macromolecules. This is the first and only BREEZE™ system installed by Bruker AXS with a copper-anode to date. Here we show that this system is capable of efficiently collecting quality X-ray diffraction data from crystals of the enzymes lysozyme and xylanase. This capability to collect diffraction data from both macromolecular and small-molecule crystals greatly expands the scope of undergraduate research projects that can be addressed using this instrument.
KEYWORDS: X-ray; Diffraction; Crystallography; Diffractometer; Protein; Enzyme; Crystal; Structure
Effects similar to anxiolysis in an organic extract of Stypopodium zonale on an anxiety-related behavior in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Mejías Keysh , Robles Grisel , Martínez Zulmari , Torres Anamaris , Algarín Lee , López Genesis , Chiesa Ricardo
Published: May 2019

Nature has a great diversity of organisms whose bioactive compounds may potentially be studied. When it comes to aquatic life we find that algae are organisms that are well suited for screening and identification of bioactive compounds due to their widespread distribution in both salt and freshwater. Our hypothesis is that a crude organic extract of the brown algae Stypopodium zonale can decrease anxiety-related behaviors in Drosophila melanogaster. Stypopodium zonale was collected in the south coast of Puerto Rico and the potential anxiolytic-like effects of the extract were studied in an anxiogenic-like behavioral paradigm in Drosophila melanogaster. This behavior is called centrophobia and is measured using an Open Field Arena (OFA). Validation of the paradigm gave the expected results as reported in the literature, in which Drosophila exhibits a phobia (avoidance) of remaining in the center of the OFA, which corresponds to a behavior with anxiety components. The organic extract was dissolved with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Toxicity tests were performed both for DMSO and the crude organic extract, and neither showed positive results. To perform the behavioral trials, 1 mL of the crude extract and 4 mL of water were mixed with 1.8 g of Drosophila food. The final concentration of the crude extract in the food was 5.4 mg/mL. The adult flies were grown in a tube with the extract until a considerable quantity of larvae was observed, and then the adults were removed. These new larvae, once turned into adult flies, were used for the behavioral trials. The behavior of control flies (food without extract) and experimental flies (extract containing food) was recorded with a video camera and the results of the centrophobic behavior were analyzed and compared using quantitative criteria. Both the control and experimental trials were performed in triplicate. The results show that flies grown in food containing the crude extract present a significant reduction in centrophobia compared with control flies. In conclusion, our results suggest that the organic crude extract from Stypopodium zonale has anxiolytic-like effects in a Drosophila melanogaster model with anxiety components. We are currently performing Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) studies on the crude extracts to identify the most abundant secondary metabolites. Future experiments should include the administration of the crude extracts (or fractions of the most abundant secondary metabolites) to a vertebrate model in to test the effect in a behavior with anxiety components. We are also in the process of developing a preliminary model of possible mechanisms of action of the crude organic extract in the reduction of centrophobia.
KEYWORDS: Anxiety; Algae; Drosophila melanogaster; Open Field Arena; Organic extracts; Centrophobia; Stypopodium zonale
Speech-Language Pathologists’ Perceptions of the Common Core State Standards: A Multi-State Study
Authors: Ariza Nicole , Walden Patrick
Published: May 2019

This study investigated the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) from the perspective of Speech-Language Pathologists (SLPs) working with students with communication disorders in public schools. An invitation to participate in an anonymous, online questionnaire with both closed- and open-ended questions was posted to three online communities comprised of SLP’s working in schools across the United States of America (U.S.). Eighty-seven SLPs working in states using the CCSS completed the survey. The survey focused on four primary areas—the perceived impact of the CCSS on service delivery, student outcomes, professional workload and continuing professional education. Participants reported consistent incorporation of standards into services, but varied methods of implementation, primarily unchanged student outcomes, increased professional workload and a need for additional training. Overall, the CCSS’ intent to create consistent goals may not be accomplished due to variability in approaches in implementation of the standards. Additionally, more resources and trainings for SLPs are needed to fully implement CCSS into speech-language intervention in the schools.
KEYWORDS: Common Core State Standards; School-Based Services; School-Based Issues; Speech-Language Pathology; Service Delivery; Student Outcomes; Professional Workload; Continuing Professional Education
Previvors’ Perceptions of Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Health-related Information
Authors: Koruo Rachel , Dean Marleah , Scherr Courtney , Clements Meredith , Ross Amy
Published: May 2019

The purpose of this study is to identify female previvors’ perceptions of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) health-related information. Previvors are individuals who have tested positive for a harmful BRCA genetic mutation, which increases their lifetime risk for HBOC, but who have never been diagnosed with cancer. As a part of a larger research project where 25 qualitative interviews were conducted, this manuscript reports on the analysis of ten interviews which are most relevant to the research focus. Using the constant comparative method, themes were created and developed from the interview data. The results indicate previvors view information as a source of power. These women reported feeling personally responsible for seeking and sharing information, while also relying on medical professionals to provide credible sources of information. Furthermore, previvors emphasized a desire for medical professionals to be more informed about BRCA in order to assist them in making personal health decisions. This study presents the perceptions regarding HBOC information as reported by this population of previvors. The findings indicate that information is not provided in an organized way relative to their specific needs. Therefore, the authors recommend an educational intervention tool for previvors and their medical professionals.
KEYWORDS: BRCA; Communication; Qualitative; Hereditary Cancer; Health Experiences; Previvors; Medicine; Patient Perspectives; Health Information
The Effect of CO2, Intracellular pH and Extracellular pH on Mechanosensory Proprioceptor Responses in Crayfish and Crab
Authors: Dayaram Viresh , Malloy Cole , Martha Sarah , Alvarez Brenda , Chukwudolue Ikenna , Dabbain Nadera , Mahmood Dlovan , Goleva Slavina , Hickey Tori , Ho Angel , King Molly , Kington Paige , Mattingly Matthew , Potter Samuel , Simpson Landon , Spence Amanda , Uradu Henry , Van Doorn Jacob , faiq dlovan , Cooper Robin
Published: May 2019

Proprioceptive neurons monitor the movements of limbs and joints to transduce the movements into electrical signals. These neurons function similarly in species from arthropods to humans. These neurons can be compromised in disease states and in adverse environmental conditions such as with changes in external and internal pH. We used two model preparations (the crayfish muscle receptor organ and a chordotonal organ in the limb of a crab) to characterize the responses of these proprioceptors to external and internal pH changes as well as raised CO2. The results demonstrate the proprioceptive organs are not highly sensitive to changes in extracellular pH, when reduced to 5.0 from 7.4. However, if intracellular pH is decreased by exposure to propionic acid or saline containing CO2, there is a rapid decrease in firing rate in response to joint movements. The responses recover quickly upon reintroduction of normal pH (7.4) or saline not tainted with CO2. These basic understandings may help to address the mechanistic properties of mechanosensitive receptors in other organisms, such as muscle spindles in skeletal muscles of mammals and tactile as well as pressure (i.e., blood pressure) sensory receptors.
KEYWORDS: Proprioception; Sensory; Invertebrate; Carbon Dioxide; Protons; Mechanosensory; Intracellular pH; Extracellular pH
Speedup Potential for Reconstruction Techniques for Prompt Gamma Imaging During Proton Radiotherapy
Authors: Della-Giustina James , Casilag Johnlemuel , Gregorio Elizabeth , Jacobs Aniebiet
Published: May 2019

Proton beam radiation treatment was first proposed by Robert Wilson in 1946. The advantage of proton beam radiation is that the lethal dose of radiation is delivered by a sharp increase toward the end of the beam range. This sharp increase, known as the Bragg peak, allows for the possibility of reducing the exposure of healthy tissue to radiation when comparing to x-ray radiation treatment. As the proton beam interacts with the molecules in the body, gamma rays are emitted. The origin of the gamma rays gives the location of the proton beam in the body, therefore, gamma ray imaging allows physicians to better take advantage of the benefits of proton beam radiation. These gamma rays are detected using a Compton Camera (CC) while the SOE algorithm is used to reconstruct images of these gamma rays as they are emitted from the patient. This imaging occurs while the radiation dose is delivered, which would allow the physician to make adjustments in real time in the treatment room, provided the image reconstruction is computed fast enough. This project focuses on speeding up the image reconstruction software with the use of parallel computing techniques involving MPI. Additionally, we demonstrate the use of the VTune performance analyzer to identify bottlenecks in a parallel code.
KEYWORDS: Proton Beam Therapy; Image Reconstruction; SOE Algorithm; Parallel Computing; High Performance Computing; Medical Imaging; Prompt Gamma Imaging; Radiotherapy
Minimizing the Cost of Guessing Games
Authors: Clark David , Czap Lindsay
Published: May 2019

A two-player “guessing game” is a game in which the first participant, the “Responder,” picks a number from a certain range. Then, the second participant, the “Questioner,” asks only yes-or-no questions in order to guess the number. In this paper, we study guessing games with lies and costs. In particular, the Responder is allowed to lie in one answer, and the Questioner is charged a cost based on the content of each question. Guessing games with lies are closely linked to error correcting codes, which are mathematical objects that allow us to detect an error in received information and correct these errors. We will give basic definitions in coding theory and show how error correcting codes allow us to still guess the correct number even if one lie is involved. We will additionally seek to minimize the total cost of our games. We will provide explicit constructions, for any cost function, for games with the minimum possible cost and an unlimited number of questions. We also find minimum cost games for games with a restricted number of questions and a constant cost function.
KEYWORDS: Ulam’s Game; Guessing Games With Lies; Error Correcting Codes; Pairwise Balanced Designs; Steiner Triple Systems
Faunal Remains as an Indicator of Change in Social Stratification at Pecica Şanţul Mare
Authors: Meyer Brett
Published: May 2019

The Bronze Age tell settlement of Pecica “Şanţul Mare” in Romania is regarded as a regional center of the Mureş culture due to the flourishing of higher-status activity experienced during the Florescent Period (1820-1680 B.C.). Recent excavations at the site began to examine whether this higher-status activity was present during the Initial Period (1950-1900 B.C.), the earliest period, or if it grew out of the transition between these periods. This analysis compared faunal remains from the Initial Period and the Florescent Period to examine changing inequality over time. Species utilization, cull patterns, and body part representation were used to infer social organization during these periods. The combination of secondary product utilization, low quantity of horse, and presence of low quality meat during the Initial Period suggests that social inequality intensified over time and reached its pinnacle during the Florescent Period. These results can also be used to examine the development of social stratification in the Bronze Age as a whole.
KEYWORDS: Pecica; Zooarchaeology; Social organization; Power and Wealth; Bronze Age; Elite Activity; Horse Breeding; Tell Settlement
TREND ANALİZİ VE GRİ İLİŞKİSEL ANALİZ YÖNTEMLERİYLE FİNANSAL PERFORMANS ANALİZİ
Authors: ÖZARİ Çiğdem , DEMİR EROL Esra
Published: May 2019

Bu çalışmada ABC
grubunun üyesi olan beş çimento firmasının bilanço gelir tablolarının
performans analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu bağlamda A, B, C, D ve E olarak
adlandırılan firmaların 2012-2016 dönemine ait bilanço ve gelir tablo verileri
incelenmiştir. İlk aşamada bu firmaların bilanço ve gelir tablolarının
dönemdeki trend analizi gerçekleştirilmiş, ikinci aşamada ise trend analizi
sonuçları girdi verisi olarak kullanılarak gri ilişkisel analiz yöntemi ile
performans değerlendirmesi yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın temel
amacı ise Çok Kriterli Karar Verme yöntemlerinden biri olan Gri İlişkisel
Analiz yönteminin bu alanda uygulanabilirliğini vurgulayarak, buna benzer olan
yöntemlerde değerlendirme kriterleri olarak belirlenen değişkenlerin seçiminin
bir yöntemle yapılmasının önemini vurgulamaktır. Bu bağlamda seçilen yöntem ise
trend analizidir. Firmaların Gri İlişkisel Analiz yöntemi kullanılarak
yapılan performans analizi sonuçlarından yola çıkarak firma yöneticilerinin
dönemde almış oldukları finansal kararların doğruluğunun sınamasını yapmak
mümkündür. Firmaların aşırı borçlanma ile büyüme çalışmaları büyük bir risk
oluşturmasına rağmen, elde edilen bulgularda bu grup firmaların bir kısmının
risk alarak büyüme yolunu seçtikleri ve bu dönemdeki finansal performanslarının
düşük çıktığı gözlemlenmiştir.
ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN UMUTSUZLUK DÜZEYİ VE BİLİŞSEL ÇARPITMALARI ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: DUMAN Nesrin , İMRE Yıldız , MISIRLI Melis
Published: May 2019

Araştırmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinin bilişsel çarpıtma ve umutsuzluk düzeylerini (ve üç alt boyutunu) sosyo-demografik değişkenler açısından incelemektir. Bilişsel çarpıtmalar kişilerin geleceğe yönelik beklentileri, sorun çözme yöntemlerini ve çevreye uyum sürecini olumsuz yönde etkileyerek bireylerde umutsuzluğa neden olmaktadır. Bu amaçla araştırmaya lisans öğrencisi olan 54 öğrenci dâhil edilmiştir. Katılımcılara yirmi sorudan oluşan Beck Umutsuzluk Ölçeği (BUÖ), on beş sorudan oluşan Bilişsel Çarpıtma Ölçeği-R (BÇÖ-R) ve sosyo demografik bilgilerin alındığı Kişisel Bilgi Formu verilmiştir. Sonuç olarak lisans öğrencilerinin aldığı 9,88±1,79 puan ile düşük düzeyde umutsuzluğa sahip oldukları ve 34,94 ± 6,48 puan ile düşük-orta düzeyde bilişsel çarpıtmalar gösterdikleri görülmüştür. Sosyo-demografik özellikler arasındaki ilişkiler incelendiğinde; öğrencilerin umutsuzluk puanları ve testin alt boyutları (GİD-GİB-MK) ile bilişsel çarpıtma düzeyi arasında anlamlı bir ilişki görülmemiştir. Öğrencilerin umutsuzluk düzeyleri ile bilişsel çarpıtma düzeyleri arasında anlamlı bir korelasyonel ilişki elde edilmemiştir.  Çalışmanın umutsuzluk ve bilişsel çarpıtma konusunda yeni yapılacak araştırmalara kaynak niteliğinde olması niyet edilmektedir.
Emerging Evidence of Translational Control by AU-Rich Element-Binding Proteins
Authors: Otsuka Hiroshi , Fukao Akira , Funakami Yoshinori , Duncan Kent E. , Fujiwara Toshinobu
Published: May 2019

RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are key regulators of posttranscriptional gene expression and control many important biological processes including cell proliferation, development, and differentiation. RBPs bind specific motifs in their target mRNAs and regulate mRNA fate at many steps. The AU-rich element (ARE) is one of the major cis-regulatory elements in the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of labile mRNAs. Many of these encode factors requiring very tight regulation, such as inflammatory cytokines and growth factors. Disruption in the control of these factors’ expression can cause autoimmune diseases, developmental disorders, or cancers. Therefore, these mRNAs are strictly regulated by various RBPs, particularly ARE-binding proteins (ARE-BPs). To regulate mRNA metabolism, ARE-BPs bind target mRNAs and affect some factors on mRNAs directly, or recruit effectors, such as mRNA decay machinery and protein kinases to target mRNAs. Importantly, some ARE-BPs have stabilizing roles, whereas others are destabilizing, and ARE-BPs appear to compete with each other when binding to target mRNAs. The function of specific ARE-BPs is modulated by posttranslational modifications (PTMs) including methylation and phosphorylation, thereby providing a means for cellular signaling pathways to regulate stability of specific target mRNAs. In this review, we summarize recent studies which have revealed detailed molecular mechanisms of ARE-BP-mediated regulation of gene expression and also report on the importance of ARE-BP function in specific physiological contexts and how this relates to disease. We also propose an mRNP regulatory network based on competition between stabilizing ARE-BPs and destabilizing ARE-BPs.
Case Study of an Automatic Enrichment Device for Laying Hens on a Free-Range Laying Hen Farm
Authors: Schmidt Melanie , Stracke Jenny , Kulke Katja , Kemper Nicole , Spindler Birgit
Published: May 2019

Access to adequate foraging material can reduce the occurrence of feather pecking and cannibalism in laying hens. Technical devices may help farmers provide enrichment material more effectively. However, research in this field is rare. On a commercial free-range farm with 15,000 laying hens (Lohmann Tradition), an enrichment device was evaluated from the 30th to the 58th week of age (LW). It ran at five time points (TP) in the afternoon and offered five grams of dried maize silage per hen per day. The numbers of hens residing in defined scratching areas (ScA) either beneath the device (ScA 1 and 3) or in a similar area without the device (ScA 2) were determined. Significantly more hens were found in ScA 1 and ScA 3 when the device was running. On average, only 6.96 (±7.00) hens stayed in ScA 2, whereas 31.45 (±5.38) and 33.83 (±6.16) hens stayed in ScA 1 and ScA 3, respectively. The hen numbers for ScA 1 and ScA 3 did not differ significantly, nor did the TPs have an influence on number of hens within ScA 1 and ScA 3. The number of hens beneath the device can serve as a potential indicator of the device’s usage.