bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Primary Depletion Characterization with No Flow Boundaries Drainage Concept
Authors: Prabowo W. , Rincones M. D. , Boyd D. , Chen C. , Dutta A.
Published: December 2023

In unconventional reservoirs, spacing and stacking directly influence the hydrocarbon resources available to be drained by a given lateral. Hypothetically, these available resources, rock properties and stimulation effectiveness will drive the well performance (i.e., Estimated Ultimate Recovery (EUR)). Characterization of the effectively contacted volume is an important element in understanding the well performance and the depletion efficiency of the intended development.

This paper will present a simple but novel way of characterizing a well's drainage volume and demonstrates how this characterization can be applied to improve the understanding of expected well recovery, primary depletion efficiency (i.e., recovery factor), and their relationship with petrophysics and geology. The methodology is proposed as a method to help lead to optimum development and resource economic value for the operator.

The proposed method uses the concept of no flow boundaries driven by frac geometry established between wells to define a drainage polygon surrounding neighboring laterals. Incorporating supplementary datasets allows further characterization (i.e., well-log to obtain fluid-in-place distribution).

The method provides insights which can be tied back to the well performance. For example, the method shows the importance of geology and petrophysics, reflected through the Original Oil in Place (OOIP) within the drainage volume, driving the well's EUR and recovery factor.

Significance/Novelty: Improved reservoir drainage volume and well performance characterization can significantly impact the optimum development plan, maximizing both the exploitation efficiency and value for operators.
UPF3B modulates endoplasmic reticulum stress through interaction with inositol-requiring enzyme-1α
Authors: Wen Jikai , Sun Xingsheng , Lin Ruqin , Qi Xueying , Lu Xinxia , Wu Zhikai , Jiang Tianqing , Jiang Jun , Mu Peiqiang , Chen Qingmei , Deng Yiqun
Published: December 2023

The unfolded protein response (UPR), as a conserved and adaptive intracellular pathway, relieves the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by activating ER transmembrane stress sensors. As the consequence of ER stress, the inhibition of nonsense mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is due to an increase in the phosphorylation of eIF2α, which has the effect of inhibiting translation. However, the role of NMD in the maintenance of ER homeostasis remains unclear. In this study, we found that the three NMD factors, UPF1, UPF2 or UPF3B, are required to negate UPR. Among these three NMD factors, UPF3B specifically interacts with inositol-requiring enzyme-1α (IRE1α). This interaction inhibited the kinase activity of IRE1α, abolished autophosphorylation and reduced IRE1α clustering for ER stress. BiP and UPF3B jointly control the activation of IRE1α on both sides of the ER membrane. Under stress condition, the phosphorylation of UPF3B was increased and the phosphorylated sites were identified. Both the genetic mutation UPF3BY160D and the phosphorylation at Thr169 of UPF3B abolished its interaction with IRE1α and UPF2, respectively, led the activation of ER stress and NMD disfunction. Our study reveals a key physiological role for UPF3B in the reciprocal regulatory relationship between NMD and ER stress.
A Dark Energy Paradigm: V. Feynman Diagrams with a Hidden Neutrino to Predict Fundamental Boson and Proton Masses
Authors: Moon Yong-Jae , Koh Wook
Published: December 2023

Previously, no theory could explain how the masses of elementary particles are actually set in the Standard Model. In order to solve the problem, a dark energy paradigm a unified dark sector that is based on Planck’s dimensional analysis, ΛCDM , energy conservation, and force equilibrium was first developed by authors to predict lepton6 and quark7 masses successfully. In this paper, we propose that, in the Higgs mechanism, “Feynman diagrams with a hidden neutrino” can be used to predict fundamental boson and proton masses as evidence. We find that the predicted H, Z and W boson masses agree with the observed data with 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.9% differences. We also find that the predicted proton mass and proton radius agree with the observed data with 0.0006% and 0.03% differences.
A Hybrid-Box tool for Explainable and Interactive Simulated Annealing Strategy
Authors: Ibrahim Osman Ali Sadek , Younis Eman M. G.
Published: December 2023

This concise paper introduces the inaugural Explainable and Interactive Learning to Rank (LTR) Package within the field of Information Retrieval (IR). The framework presented here is built upon the fusion of the Simulated Annealing Strategy with the (1+1)-Evolutionary Strategy, known as SAS-Rank, a ranking algorithm previously established in prior research. In this context, the paper showcases the ranking models associated with both offspring and parent chromosomes during each iterative step. Additionally, it offers three distinct options for modifying the SAS-Rank parameters, allowing for the observation of resulting evaluation outcomes. Notably, this application marks a pioneering endeavor by incorporating interactive learning within the domain of ranking problems in IR.
GZMK+CD8+ T cells Target a Specific Acinar Cell Type in Sjögren’s Disease
Authors: Warner Blake , Pranzatelli Thomas , Perez Paola , Ku Anson , Matuck Bruno Fernandes , Huynh Khoa , Sakai Shunsuke , Abed Mehdi , Jang Shyh-Ing , Yamada Eiko , Dominick Kalie , Ahmed Zara , Oliver Amanda , Wasikowski Rachael , Easter Quinn , Magone M. Teresa , Baer Alan , Pelayo Eileen , Khavandgar Zohreh , Gupta Sarthak , Kleiner David , Lessard Christopher , Farris A , Martin Daniel , Morell Robert , Zheng Changyu , Rachmaninoff Nicholas , Maldonado-Ortiz Jose , Qu Xufeng , Aure Marit , Dezfulian Mohammad , Lake Ross , Teichmann Sarah , Barber Daniel , Tsoi Lam , Sowalsky Adam , Tyc Katarzyna , Gudjonsson Johann , Byrd Kevin , Johnson Philip , Liu Jinze , Chiorini John
Published: December 2023

Sjögren's Disease (SjD) is a systemic autoimmune disease without a clear etiology or effective therapy. Utilizing unbiased single-cell and spatial transcriptomics to analyze human minor salivary glands in health and disease we developed a comprehensive understanding of the cellular landscape of healthy salivary glands and how that landscape changes in SjD patients. We identified novel seromucous acinar cell types and identified a population of PRR4+CST3+WFDC2- seromucous acinar cells that are particularly targeted in SjD. Notably, GZMK+CD8 T cells, enriched in SjD, exhibited a cytotoxic phenotype and were physically associated with immune-engaged epithelial cells in disease. These findings shed light on the immune response's impact on transitioning acinar cells with high levels of secretion and explain the loss of this specific cell population in SjD. This study explores the complex interplay of varied cell types in the salivary glands and their role in the pathology of Sjögren's Disease.
Timing of planned caesarean delivery among patients with two previous cesarean sections
Authors: Haleluya Noa leybovitz , SABAN Alla , YARIV Adi , HERSHKOVITZ Reli
Published: December 2023

Objectives: The timing of planned repeat cesarean delivery (CD) is debateful in clinical practice. Planned repeat CD is typically scheduled before the spontaneous onset of labor in order to minimize the risk of uterine rupture during labor and the associated risk for fetal demise. This timing should be balanced with the potential risk of delivering an infant who could benefit from additional maturation in utero. We aim to study the influence of gestational age at the time of repeat CD on maternal and fetal complications.
Study design: A population-based retrospective cohort study including all term singleton third CDs (>37 weeks of gestation), between February-2020 and January-2022 at a tertiary medical center was conducted. Maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes were compared by gestational age at the time of the CD. A logistic regression models were constructed to adjust for confounders.
Results: The study population included624 third CDs. Among them,two study groups were defined: 199were at 37+0 to 37+6 weeks of gestation, and 44 were at >39 weeks of gestation at the time of delivery. 381 were at 38+0-38+6 weeks. Since our routine practice is to schedule elective CD at 38+0-38+6 weeks of gestation, we defined this group as control group. In a multivariate analysis, both study groups were associated with significantly higher rates of emergent CDs after adjusting for maternal age, parity, ethnicity, premature rapture of membranes, spontaneous onset of labor and birthweight. After adjusting also for emergent CDs, CDs at 37+0-37+6 weeks of gestation was significantly associated with maternal and neonatal length of stay exceeding four days. Additionally, CDs at 37+0-37+6 weeks of gestation was also associated with composite of adverse neonatal and maternal outcomes.
Conclusions:
Our study demonstrated that our institutional policy regarding scheduling third CD at 38+0 to 38+6 weeks is associated with reduced risk of emergent CD, as well as beneficial maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Evaluating Undergraduate Learning in Ophthalmology Rotation: A Cross-Sectional Study Using Virtual Questionnaires
Authors: Faneli Adriano Cypriano , Amaral Dillan Cunha , Gonzalez Luanna Guimarães de Almeida , Chagas Julia Motta , Torres Rodrigo Amaral , Oliveira Ricardo Danilo Chagas , Guedes Jaime , Souza Murilo Barreto , Paez Denisse
Published: December 2023

Background
Traditional ophthalmology education in medical schools is inadequate for nonophthalmologist residents in primary outpatient care. This article focuses on measuring ophthalmology learning in a clinical rotation of a Brazilian medical school that implemented a two-week ophthalmology rotation, with one week dedicated to online theoretical classes and the following week dedicated to outpatient practices. Therefore, our objective was to evaluate the modality, method, and established hours to determine their effectiveness in the training of generalist physicians.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional and quantitative study. All students eligible for the rotation were given a questionnaire before and after the rotation to assess their knowledge, understanding, and problem-solving abilities in the field. Each questionnaire contained 11 theme-paired questions developed according to the International Council of Ophthalmology curriculum and guidelines. The primary outcome was improvement in scores between the pre- and postrotation tests. Researchers defined 30% or higher as satisfactory. Data were anonymously analyzed using STATA BE 17 software. Questionnaire reliability was measured using Cronbach's alpha.
Results
In this study, 95 students were found to be eligible, and 37 of them answered both the pre- and postrotation tests correctly, constituting 38,94% of the eligible population. The average response time for the postrotation test was 34.04 ± 31.22 minutes, while the prerotation test took an average of 04:35 minutes, and the postrotation test took 07:02 minutes on average. Only 13 students (34%) showed a minimum improvement of 30% in their scores after the rotation. The average number of correct answers on the prerotation test was 6.756 ± 2.087, and on the postrotation test, it was 7.567 ± 2.128, with a mean difference of -0.81 ± 1.912 between them. There was no significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores.
Conclusions
Medical students’ learning in the ophthalmology rotation was not satisfactory. Therefore, it is essential to consider the implementation of more comprehensive and integrated educational approaches to enhance students' ophthalmological knowledge with an entirely in-person modality and increased practical hours.
Influence of Pulsating Internal Fluid Flow on the Nonlinear Dynamics of Marine Risers
Authors: Alfosail Feras Khaled , Cunha Americo , Zhao Wen , Younis Mohammad I.
Published: December 2023

In this work, we explore the dynamics of inclined marine risers subjected to pulsating internal fluid flow. The presence of geometric nonlinearities with static deflection makes the response of the inclined riser different from conventional top tension risers when subjected to pulsating flows. At first, the riser model is solved via the Galerkin method, and the results are compared and validated using perturbation analysis. Then, the response of the riser is studied under various parameters and pulsating flow frequencies. The excitation of the riser under pulsating flow fluctuations causes the riser to vibrate at primary and secondary parametric resonances simultaneously. In addition, the multifrequency parametric excitations interact with the inherit competing nonlinearities causing the response of the riser to exhibit a multi-state solution which is further analyzed via statistical analysis to examine the probability of the basin of attraction. The response of the riser reveals rich and complex nonlinear dynamics features such as quasiperiodic and chaotic behaviors.
Variability in exercise is linked to improved age-related dysfunctions: A potential role for the constrained-disorder principle-based second-generation artificial intelligence system
Authors: Ilan Yaron
Published: December 2023

Objective: Regular physical activity (PA) promotes mental and physical health. Nevertheless, inactivity is a worldwide pandemic, and methods to augment exercise benefits are required. The constrained disorder principle (CDP) characterizes biological systems based on their inherent variability. We aimed to investigate the association between intra-individual variability in PA and disability among non-athlete adults.
Methods: In this retrospective analysis of the longitudinal SHARE survey, we included non-disabled adults aged >50 with at least six visits over 14 years. Self-reported PA frequency was documented bi- to triennially. Low PA intensity was defined as vigorous PA frequency less than once a week. Stable PA was described as an unchanged PA intensity in all consecutive middle observations. The primary outcome was defined as a physical limitation in everyday activities at the end of the survey. Secondary outcomes were cognitive functions, including short-term memory, long-term memory, and verbal fluency.
Results: The study included 2,049 non-disabled adults with a mean age of 53 and 49.1% women. In the initially high PA intensity group, variability in PA was associated with increased physical disability prevalence (23.3% vs. 33.2%, stable vs. unstable PA; P<0.01; adjusted P<0.01). In the initially low PA intensity group, variability was associated with a reduced physical disability (45.6% vs. 33.3%, stable vs. unstable PA; P=0.02; adjusted P=0.03). There were no statistically significant differences in cognitive parameters between the groups. Among individuals with the same low PA intensity at the beginning and end of follow-up, variability was associated with reduced physical disability (56.9% vs. 36.5%, stable vs. unstable PA; P=0.02; adjusted P=0.04) and improved short-term memory (score change: -0.28 vs. +0.29, stable vs. unstable PA; P=0.05).
Conclusion: Incorporating variability into PA regimens of inactive adults may enhance their physical and cognitive benefits.
Antibiotic residues in commercial freshwater fish from southeast China: distribution and human health risk assessment
Authors: Shao Guo-Jian , Pan Xiao-Dong , Han Jian-Long
Published: December 2023

We investigated 14 antibiotic residues in 8 marketed freshwater fish species from southeast China and estimated the associated health risks to local consumers. The antibiotic residues were determined by UPLC-MS/MS. Our findings revealed widespread distribution of quinolones (QNs), tetracyclines (TCs), and chloramphenicols (CAPs) in the freshwater fish. Notably, the average concentrations of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin reached levels as high as 62.5 µg/kg wet weight (ww) and 11.7 µg/kg ww, respectively, and detection frequencies were 68.7% for enrofloxacin and 31.6% for ciprofloxacin. Additionally, we detected chloramphenicol, a prohibited antibiotic, in samples with a detection frequency of 0.76%. Among the fish species, the mean concentration of total antibiotic residues was highest in bluntnose black bream (263.3 µg/kg), followed by English perch (52.4 µg/kg), crucian carp (46.3 µg/kg), black carp (28.6 µg/kg), yellowcheek carp (21.0 µg/kg), grass carp (15.3 µg/kg), bighead carp (3.78 µg/kg), and mandarin fish (3.69 µg/kg). We estimated the daily intake values of these antibiotic residues which were lower than the acceptable daily intake values and hazard indexes were much less than 1. It indicates there is very low direct health risk to consumers. Despite that, investigation on the chronic impact, such as antibiotic-resistant bacteria, gut microbiota disruption and allergic reactions is urgently needed.
Antimicrobial activity of rare earth metal doped ZnO thin films prepared by low cost spray technique against fish pathogens
Authors: Balaji R. , Begum N. Jabena , Seenuvasakumaran P. , Anandhi R. , Saravanakumar K. , Vinodhini A. , Saravanan K , Baig A Ubaithulla
Published: December 2023

The global problem of antibiotic resistance endangers public health. Antibiotic resistance genes can be transmitted along by bacteria in humans, animals, and aquatic species and abuse of antibiotics causes the aforementioned problem. The widespread use of antibiotics in aquaculture has a number of detrimental consequences for both the industry and consumer health. ZnO-based nanoparticles may eventually replace some traditional antibiotics due to their antibacterial activity and low toxicity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the antibacterial properties of yttrium-doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Y) nanoparticles against many important fish infections. In the current work, undoped and Yttrium (2, 4, and 6 at%) doped ZnO thin films were prepared using a simplified Spray pyrolysis technique and tested for antimicrobial efficacy against Aeromonashydrophila, Salmonella enterica, Lactococcusgarvieae, and Streptococcus agalactiae. Synthesised samples' structural, morphological, and optical properties were investigated. XRD spectrum revealed a well-organized crystallite hexagonal wurzite structure. The average transmittance of the undoped ZnO and ZnO:Y films in the 600 to 1200 nm wavelength range is 75%. In SEM, undoped ZnO thin films had evenly dispersed, spherical-shaped grains, whereas yttrium doped ZnO thin films had a tetra pod chain-like structure with an improved surface-to-volume ratio.Despite the fact that the complete Y doped film (2,4 and6 at. % of Y) was found as having robust antibacterial activity, the 4 at.% of Y doped ZnO sample displayed the highest activity against the tested pathogens. The current findings show that the zone of inhibition was greater against gram negative bacterial strains Aeromonashydrophila and Salmonella entericathan against gram positive strainsLactococcusgarvieae and Streptococcus agalactiae.
Synthesis of CO2-philic/hydrophilic surfactant with brush structure and its application in preparing monolithic material
Authors: Zhang Shoucun , Bian Yujing , Yang Chun
Published: December 2023

A new strategy was developed to build a CO2-philic/hydrophilic surfactant by combining the common free radical polymerization and the grafting modification technology, and a brush polymer was synthesized with poly(vinyl acetate)-based copolymer as the CO2-philic group (as the main chain) and the methoxy polyethylene glycols (MPEG) as the hydrophilic part (as the branched chain) (PVAc-g-MPEG). The CO2-philic ability can be controlled by adjusting the chain length of the PVAc fragment. The results indicate that PVAc-g-MPEG has excellent surfactant activity, and can emulsify the CO2/H2O system to obtain the CO2-in-water (C/W) high interval phase emulsion (HIPE 80%, v/v), which can remain stable for more than 20 hours. If using the monomers/crosslinking agent solution instead of water, the highly porous monolithic materials will be obtained after the continuous phase is polymerized. In this paper, polyacrylamide (PAM) and poly(acrylamide/diethyl aminoethyl methacrylate)-based porous monolithic materials(PADM) were prepared. These materials were used to separate the protein (BSA as the model matter) from the solution, and the results indicated that PAM-based porous monolithic materials had almost no enrichment capacity for protein, while PADM-based porous monolithic materials can adsorb BSA up to 129.3 mg/g.
3D Visualization Technology for Learning Human Anatomy among Medical Students and Residents: A Meta- and Regression Analysis
Authors: Wang Junming , Li Wenjun , Dun Aishe , Ye Zhen
Published: December 2023

Background
3D visualization technology applies computers and other devices to create a realistic virtual world for individuals with various sensory experiences such as 3D vision, touch, and smell to gain a more effective understanding of the relationships between real spatial structures and organizations. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness of 3D visualization technology in human anatomy teaching/training and explore the potential factors that affect the training effects to better guide the teaching of classroom/laboratory anatomy.
Methods
We systematically conducted a randomized controlled study on teaching human anatomy using 3D visualization technology. We extensively searched three authoritative databases, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase; the main outcomes were the participants’ test scores and satisfaction, while the secondary outcomes were time consumption and enjoyment. Heterogeneity by I² was statistically determined because I² > 50%; therefore, a random-effects model was employed, using data processing software such as RevMan, Stata, and VOSviewer to process data, apply standardized mean difference and 95% confidence interval, and subgroup analysis to evaluate test results, and then conduct research through sensitivity analysis and meta-regression analysis.
Results
Thirty-nine randomized controlled trials (2,959 participants) were screened and included in this study. The system analysis of the main results showed that compared with other methods, including data from all regions 3D visualization technology moderately improved test scores as well as satisfaction and enjoyment; however, the time that students took to complete the test was not significantly reduced. Meta-regression analysis also showed that regional factors affected test scores, whereas other factors had no significant impact. When the literature from China was excluded, the satisfaction and happiness of the 3D virtual-reality group were statistically significant compared to those of the traditional group; however, the test results and time consumption were not statistically significant.
Conclusion
3D visualization technology is an effective way to improve learners’ satisfaction with and enjoyment of human anatomical learning, but it cannot reduce the time required for testers to complete the test. 3D visualization technology may struggle to improve the testers’ scores. The literature test results from China are more prone to positive results and affected by regional bias.
The free flap reconstruction of facial oncologic defects after squamous cell carcinoma excision
Authors: Cho Kyusang , Eun Seokchan
Published: December 2023

Background: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma is the second most common skin cancer. There are many methods for the reconstruction of the facial subunit defect after skin cancer excision. The face is vital for a person's life and should be reconstructed considering functional and aesthetic aspects. Despite a variety of flap types and techniques, it is still challenging to meet the various demands. The aim of the study was to compare free flaps for facial reconstruction after resection of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.
Methods: This study included 14 patients from January 2021 to June 2023. Patients who underwent facial SCC resection and subsequent reconstruction using free flap were analyzed retrospectively. Age, sex, localization was recorded. Follow-ups ranged from 5 to 21 months, with an average of 13 months.
Results: All free flaps survived well except two cases of partial flap necrosis. In most patients, good to excellent functional and aesthetic results were obtained. The donor site healed uneventfully in all patients.
Conclusions: Free flap reconstruction is an excellent choice in wide skin oncologic defects. In terms of color and texture, it also could be a good surgical method.
Hyponatremia unleashes neutrophil extracellular traps elevating life-threatening pulmonary embolism risk
Authors: Inoue Minoru , Takayama Kazuo , Hashimoto Rina , Enomoto Masahiro , Date Naoki , Ohsumi Akihiro , Mizowaki Takashi
Published: December 2023

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), essential for controlling infections, can induce various pathologies when dysregulated. Known triggers for infection-independent NETs release exist, yet a comprehensive understanding of the conditions prompting such responses is lacking. In this study, we identify hyponatremia as an independent inducer of NETs release, a common clinical condition that disrupts sodium/calcium exchange within neutrophils. This disruption leads to an excess of intracellular calcium, subsequent elevation of reactive oxygen species, and the citrullination of histone H3, culminating in the activation of NETs-release pathways. Notably, under hyponatremic conditions, this mechanism is exacerbated during infectious states, leading to the deposition of NETs in the lungs and increasing the risk of life-threatening pulmonary embolism. Our findings underscore the critical role of sodium and calcium homeostasis in neutrophil functionality and provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of hyponatremia-associated diseases, highlighting potential therapeutic interventions targeting NETs dynamics.
Trends in the surgical treatment for metastatic spinal tumor in Japanese administrative data between 2012 and 2020.
Authors: Yamada Kentaro , Yoshii Toshitaka , Toba Mikayo , Egawa Satoru , Morishita Shingo , Matsukura Yu , Hirai Takashi , Kudo Atsushi , Fushimi Kiyohide
Published: December 2023

Background.
Both cancer diagnosis/treatment modality and surgical technique for the spine have been developed recently. Nationwide trends in the surgical treatment for metastatic spinal tumors have not been reported in the last decades. This study aimed to examine recent trends in the surgical treatment for spinal metastasis and in-hospital patient outcomes using nationwide administrative hospital discharge data.
Methods.
The Diagnosis Procedure Combination database from 2012 to 2020 was used to extract data from patients who underwent surgical procedures for spinal metastasis with the number of non-metastatic spinal surgery at the institutions that have performed metastatic spine surgeries at least one case in the same year. Trends in the surgical treatment for spinal metastasis, patients’ demographics, and in-hospital mortality/outcomes were investigated.
Results.
This study analyzed 10321 eligible patients with spinal metastasis. The surgical treatment for spinal metastasis increased 1.68 times from 2012 to 2020, especially in fusion surgery, whereas the proportion of metastatic spinal surgery retained with a slight increase in the 2%s. Distributions of the primary site did not change whereas age was getting older. In-hospital mortality and length of stay decreased over time (9.9–6.8%, p < 0.001; 37 days–30 days, p < 0.001). The postoperative complication and unfavorable ambulatory retained stable and slightly decreased, respectively.
Conclusion.
During the last decade, surgical treatment for spinal metastasis has increased in Japan. In-hospital mortality and length of stay decreased. The results of this study may provide useful information for healthcare policy or clinical research planning.
Application of modified multifunctional short peptide in the treatment of periodontitis
Authors: Zhang Xi , Song Meiyan , Wang Hongbo , Zhang Qian , Liu Zhiyang , Deng Jiayin
Published: December 2023

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease involving plaque biofilm as a pathogenic factor. Currently, it has been found that regulating local inflammatory homeostasis can achieve the goal of treating diseases. Potassium ion plays an important role in cellular homeostasis; a large outflow of potassium may lead to local inflammation progression. In this work, the multifunctional short peptide molecule BmKTX-33 was designed by modifying the BmKTX, a Kv1.3 potassium channel inhibitor. This study was to explore its antibacterial properties, capability of maintaining cell ion homeostasis, and bone-forming capacity. The results showed that BmKTX-33 had inhibitory effects on S. gordonii, F. nucleatum, and P. gingivalis. Moreover, BmKTX-33 also inhibited excessive potassium outflow in inflammatory environments. Finally, BmKTX-33 promoted MC3T3-E1's early osteogenesis while suppressing the NLRP3 inflammasome's production. In conclusion, BmKTX-33 not only had antibacterial properties but also inhibited excessive potassium ion outflow, thus inhibiting the production of NLRP3 inflammatory bodies and promoting early bone formation.
Effect of Er:YAG laser surface treatment on surface properties and shear-bond strength of resin-cement to three translucent zirconia: An in-vitro study
Authors: Abdullah Hager , Abdulsamee Nagy , Farouk Hanaa , Saba Dalia A
Published: December 2023

Achieving optimal bonding to translucent zirconia poses certain challenges as there is no consensus on ideal surface treatment method. Therefore, the aim of present investigation is to evaluate effect of Er:YAG laser treatment on wettability, surface roughness and shear-bond strength of three Yttrium oxide-stabilized zirconium-oxide polycrystal translucent zirconias. 120 specimens (n = 40 /zirconia type) were prepared from three commercially-available translucent zirconias (Dentsply Sirona, USA); Translucent, High-Translucent and Ultra-Translucent zirconia. Specimens were sub-divided (n = 20/surface-treatment) into control and Er:YAG laser surface-treated groups. Regarding water wettability test; goniometer was used to measure contact angle before and after laser treatment. Surface roughness was measured using atomic force microscope. For shear-bond strength (SBS) test; the control group was sandblasted. All resin-bonded zirconia specimens were thermocycled for 5000 cycle and subjected to shear force using universal testing machine with 0.5mm/min crosshead-speed. Results were statistically analyzed using two-way-analysis-of- variance (p ≤ 0.05). There was significant decrease in average contact angles (p-value < 0.001) in all zirconia groups after laser treatment. For roughness test; insignificant difference in average Ra in Translucent zirconia group. However, significant increase in mean Ra was revealed after laser treatment for High and Ultra-Translucent zirconias. For SBS test, results revealed insignificant difference in average bond strength after laser treatment in Translucent and High-translucent zirconia groups. Significant increase in mean bond strength of Ultra-Translucent zirconia was recorded. Er: YAG laser treatment significantly affected surface properties and shear-bond strength of Ultra-Translucent zirconia. Er:YAG laser irradiation may be a promising zirconia surface treatment method.
Analysis of Four Hereditary Protein C Deficiencies Associated with Vascular Thromboembolism
Authors: Chen Xuanyu , Yuan Chengxiang , Hu Beilei , Lu Chunxing , Wang Yujia , Han Zhao , Zou Ming
Published: December 2023

Objective
To analyze the clinical features and gene mutations in four families with hereditary protein C (PC) deficiency and explore their association with vascular thromboembolism.
Methods
The clinical data of four patients with PC deficiency were retrospectively analyzed. Venous blood samples were collected from the four affected patients and their family members, and relevant coagulation indexes and thrombin production and inhibition tests were performed. PCR was used to amplify and directly sequence the PROC gene of the prevalent patients. Software analysis was conducted to assess the conservativeness and pathogenicity of the mutated loci. Protein models were constructed to analyze the spatial structure before and after the mutation.
Results
Thrombin generation and inhibition assays demonstrated impaired anticoagulation in all four probands. Proband 1 and 4 presented clinically with pulmonary embolism and lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT), Proband 2 with cerebral infarction, and Proband 3 with DVT. Genetic analysis revealed the presence of the following mutations: c541T > G heterozygous missense mutation, c.577-579delAAG heterozygous deletion mutation, c.247-248insCT heterozygous insertion mutation, c.659G > A heterozygous missense mutation, and a new variant locus c.1146_1146delT heterozygous deletion mutation in the four probands, respectively. Conservativity and pathogenicity analyses confirmed that most of these amino acid residues were conserved, and all the mutations were found to be pathogenic. Analysis of protein modeling revealed that these mutations induced structural alterations in the protein or led to the formation of truncated proteins.
Conclusion
The identified mutations are likely associated with decreased PC levels in each of the four families. The clinical manifestations of hereditary PC deficiency exhibit considerable diversity.
Balancing multiple speeds flexible rotors without trial weights using multi-objective optimization
Authors: Yang Fengyu , Yao Jianfei , Jiao Shiwen , Scarpa Fabrizio , Li Yan
Published: December 2023

This paper proposes a multi-objective optimization method for the optimal balancing of flexible rotors without using trial weights. Finite elements are first used to develop a dynamic model of the flexible rotor. An optimization method and an inverse identification approach are then used to minimize the objective function by considering constraints and vibration levels of the flexible rotor during balancing. Finally, an optimal balancing scheme is solved by using a genetic algorithm. The optimization process here described consists in a global multi-objective optimization framework transformed into single-objective (SO) and dual-objective (DO) optimizations. Simulations and experiments are carried out on a three-discs flexible rotor balancing rig without trial weights, to benchmark the multi-objective optimization technique proposed here. The results show that the method is efficient to avoiding multiple starts and stops during the balancing process, and also provides an enhanced balancing effect.
Cytomegalovirus infection during daratumumab therapy in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma
Authors: Kikuchi Taku , Tsukada Nobuhiro , Kunisada Kodai , Nomura-Yogo Moe , Oda Yuki , Sato Kota , Takei Tomomi , Ogura Mizuki , Abe Yu , Suzuki Kenshi , Ishida Tadao
Published: December 2023

The introduction of daratumumab has improved the treatment outcomes for multiple myeloma (MM). However, infectious complications such as pneumonia are a concern in patients receiving daratumumab. Although some reports have explored the association between daratumumab and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, most of these have focused on relapsed or refractory cases. There are few reports on patients with newly diagnosed MM (NDMM). In this study, we retrospectively analyzed CMV infections in 53 patients with NDMM who received daratumumab as induction therapy. CMV infection was defined as CMV antigenemia positivity. Patients who did not undergo CMV antigenemia testing were considered to have no CMV infection. The frequency of CMV infection was calculated as the cumulative incidence rate, considering death during daratumumab administration without CMV infection as a competing event. The median age at treatment initiation was 71 years (range, 50–82 years), and 50.9% of the patients were female. The median duration of daratumumab administration was 10.0 months (range, 0.3–63.8 months). Nine patients developed CMV infection, and the cumulative incidence rate at six months was 18.1% (95% confidence interval: 8.9–30.1%). One patient experienced CMV retinitis and required antiviral therapy, while the remaining eight patients did not require treatment and could be managed through observation. During daratumumab treatment for NDMM, very few cases of CMV infection required treatment. However, the incidence of CMV infection was relatively high, suggesting that regular monitoring of CMV is worth considering for more appropriate management with daratumumab treatment.
Gender difference: Men less frequently but more severely affected in Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD)
Authors: Zwingelberg Sarah Barbara , Dirisamer Martin , Mayer Wolfgang J , Priglinger Siegfried , Luft Nikolaus
Published: December 2023

Purpose: Comparison of pre-operative findings and outcome of Descemet's membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) in female versus male patients with Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD).Methods: Records of consecutive DMEK surgeries performed between 2015 and 2019 at the Department of Ophthalmology at the University of Cologne and LMU Munich were retrospectively reviewed. Eyes with FECD with a complete 12 months follow-up were enrolled. Main outcome parameters included central corneal thickness (CCT), peripheral corneal thickness (PCT), best spectacle corrected visual acuity (BSCVA, log MAR), and endothelial cell count (ECC) before and after DMEK.Results: 144 eyes from 144 patients could be included in the study with FECD (female (f) n = 95, male (m) n = 49, ~ f:m:2:1). Preoperatively, CCT (f: 678.3 ± 128.8µm; m: 747.0 ± 148.0µm) and PCT (f: 702.6 ± 65.1µm; m: 782.4 ± 105.1µm) were both significantly higher in the male group (p < 0.01). Twelve months after DMEK, CCT (w: 541.0 ± 47.0µm; m 540.7 ± 37.5µm) showed no significant difference between the groups (p = 0.980), whereas the PCT showed a significant difference (f: 681.5 ± 66.3µm; m: 722.6 ± 71.7µm), p = 0.011. The increase in PCT correlated with accelerated ECC loss 12 months after DMEK (p = 0.009). Prior to DMEK, BSCVA in female FECD patients was higher, but without a significant difference (w: 0.38 ± 0.22logMAR; m 0.45 ± 0.34LogMAR, p = 0.256) compared to male patients with FECD. After 12 months, BSCVA improved in both groups without significant difference (p = 0.245).Conclusions: A large number of studies, including our present one, have consistently shown that women are more frequently affected by FECD. Our study suggests for the first time that men may be less frequently, but nevertheless more severely affected by FECD in terms of ECC loss and a higher CCT and PCT. Therefore, further gender-specific analyses should be performed in the disease of FECD.
Exploring the Causal Relationship between Gut Bacteria and DLBCL through Comprehensive Integration of Prior Studies
Authors: Chen Haoqing , Gao Yan , Chen Tingting , He Yanxia , Ping Liqin , Huang Cheng , Huang Huiqiang
Published: December 2023

Previous research has revealed a significant association between the gut microbiome and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). However, the findings of these studies have yet to be entirely consistent. Whether a causal relationship exists between gut bacterial and DLBCL remains elucidated. We performed two-sample mendelian randomization (MR) using genetic data from MiBioGen and DLBCL summary statistics from GWAS. The primary analysis used inverse variance weighted (IVW), the weighted median, MR-Egger regression, and pleiotropic residual sum and outlier tests. Reverse MR checked for reverse causality. Our study identified four bacterial genera can causally increase the risk of DLBCL disease: Ruminococcus torques.id.14377 (OR 0.44; p = 0.006), Ruminococcaceae UCG014.id.11371 (OR 1.69; p = 0.028), Ruminococcaceae UCG002.id.11360 (OR 0.62; p = 0.023), and Eubacterium oxidoreducens.id.11339 (OR 1.80; p = 0.033). In reverse MR analysis, we found no causal effect from DLBCL to gut bacterial. Our investigation offers indications of causal connections between the gut microbiome and the onset of DLBCL.
Neuropathogenic Equid Herpesvirus 1 involving in horse respiratory disease outbreak, north Xinjiang, China, 2021-2023
Authors: Tong Panpan , Yang Enhui , Liu Bin , Pan JuanJuan , Dang Yueyi , Tian Shuyao , Palidan Nuerlan , Jia Chenyang , Kuang Ling , Wang Chuanfeng , Lu Gang , Xie Jinxin
Published: December 2023

Background: Equid herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) is one of important viral pathogens that frequently cause respiratory disease in horse cross the worldwide. Until now, no information on EHV-1 presents in Chinese horse respiratory disease. An acute respiratory disease outbreak in horse population of north Xinjiang between April 2021 and May 2023.
Results: qPCR detection revealed the presence of EHV-1 in all samples as the possible cause of all
respiratory disease, although EHV-4, EHV-2 and EHV-5 were also found to circulate in a small portion
of samples. Three EHV-1 strains, caused respiratory disease in horses, were successfully isolated. Furthermore, the full ORF33 sequences comparison and phylogenetic analysis indicated that indicated that the isolates could have been origin from EHV-1 trains detected in Yili horse abortions. In addition, based on the predicted ORF30 nucleotide sequence, it was found that all the strains carried a guanine at the 2254 nucleotide position (aspartic acid at position 752 of the viral DNA polymerase) and were, therefore, identified as neuropathogenic strains.
Conclusion: This study is the first one that establishes EHV-1 as the cause of respiratory disease in horses, of China. Further characterization of the ORF30 sequences revealed that all the EHV-1 strains from the study carried the neuropathogenic genotype. Totally, neuropathogenic EHV-1 infection in China’s horse population should be concerned because the virus detected in both respiratory disease and abortions.
Newly isolated Limosilactobacillus reuteri B1/1 modulates cell response in porcine ex vivo model mirroring the gut
Authors: Kiššová Zuzana , Štofilová Jana , Mudroňová Dagmar , Karaffová Viera
Published: December 2023

The epithelia of the intestine perform various functions, playing a crucial role in providing a physical barrier and an innate immune defence against infections. Creating a 3D model of cell co-cultures established with IPEC-J2 cell line and porcine blood monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs), we are getting closer to mirroring the porcine intestine ex vivo. The effect of Limosilactobacillus reuteri B1/1 and Limosilactobacillus fermentum CCM 7158 on relative gene expression of interleukins (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-18 and IL-10), genes encoding receptors for TLR4 and TLR2, tight junction proteins as claudin-1 (CLDN1), occludin (OCLN) and important antimicrobial proteins as lumican (LUM) and olfactomedin-4 (OLMF-4) was monitored in this model. The immunomodulatory potential of newly isolated L. reuteri B1/1 was confirmed as was able to suppress the enhanced pro-inflammatory response to LPS induction in both cell types. L. reuteriB1/1 was even able to up-regulate the mRNA levels of genes encoding antimicrobial proteins LUM and OLFM-4 and to increase TJ-related genes CLDN1 and OCLN, which were significantly down-regulated by LPS-infection in IPEC-J2 cells. Conversely, L. fermentum CCM 7158 which was chosen as an indicator lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strain, increased the mRNA levels of the investigated pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-18, IL-6, and IL-1β) in MDM, when LPS was simultaneously applied to basally deposited macrophages. Although L. fermentum CCM 7158 induced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, synchronous up-regulation of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was detected in both lactic acid bacteria LAB strains used in both cell cultures.
Attitude and perception of Congolese and LGBT on homosexuality, and relationship between homosexuality and the conception of the profession
Authors: Kamuanga Michael Kapitene , Lubaki Jean-Pierre Fina , Nguala Philippe Lukanu , Kiswaya Ernest Sumaili
Published: December 2023

Context Worldwide, 72 countries criminalize homosexuality. Only one country in Africa recognizes homosexuality. While 10 countries criminalize it, against only one that protects it. Exceptionally, the DRC does not have legislation against or for homosexuality. The aim of this study was to describe the attitudes and perceptions of Congolese and sexual minorities on homosexuality.Methods This study was cross-sectional and analytical, conducted from February the 1St, 2021 to March the 30th, 2022, in the homosexual, bisexual and transgender population of Kinshasa town. The selection was made in homosexual associations and we used the snowball method to constitute our sample. The statistical significance level is P < 0.05.Results Almost half of the respondents (44.3%) were met with rejection by those around them. The majority (57.8%) have been victims of homophobic harassment. For Congolese population, homosexuality was perceived as a spiritual possession (90.5%). Homosexuality was not perceived as a handicap to undertake a profession (76.0%), although respondents with employment commitment represented just 15.3%.Conclusion The Congolese population has a bad perception of homosexuality, with an attitude of rejection and harassment towards LGBT people; in the other hand, homosexuals have a good perception of their homosexuality.
Geogas prospecting for igneous ore deposits covered by regolith: The Zijinshan high-sulfidation epithermal Cu-Au deposit in the Cathaysia Block
Authors: Li Quanheng , ye Rong , Duan Haichuan , Xu Kequan , Shen Shuoguo , Tian Yufeng
Published: December 2023

The mining industry faces a challenge due to the scarcity of outcrop or near-surface mineral deposits, necessitating the development of low-cost and efficient prospecting methods. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) has been applied to geological sample analysis, and scientists have been gradually improving the method of geogas prospecting. As a result, geogas prospecting has shown promising results in detecting underlying concealed Au, U, and Cu-Ni deposits covered by Gobi sand and Quaternary sediments.To verify the effectiveness of this method for exploring underlying concealed mineral deposits developed in igneous covered areas, the Zijinshan high-sulfidation epithermal (HSE) Cu-Au deposit, a concealed mineral deposit in southeastern China, was selected as the experimental field. Our experiments revealed nanoscale particles composed of Au, Cu-Fe, and Cu-other elements in the geogas captured above the ore bodies of the deposit. Furthermore, Cu-nanoscale particles retain the isotopic composition of copper found in both the oxidation zone and deep copper ores. The geogas samples exhibited similar C1-chondrite normalized rare earth element (REE) distributions, with right-inclined REE patterns indicating significant enrichment of LREE relative to HREE, slightly negative δCe anomalies, and similar (La)N/(Sm)N and (Gd)N/(Yb)N ratios. These characteristics are similar to those of the gold ores, copper ores, altered rock, and bedrock near the ore bodies. These findings suggest that deep-penetration geochemical methods using geogas can be a valuable tool for uncovering underlying concealed mineral deposits in igneous covered areas.