bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of renewable energy integration on grid stability: A case study of Nigeria's power system
Authors: Paschal Chinedu Ohiri  , Mfonobong Eleazar Benson  , Ogomaka Chrysogonus C  , Anyalewechi Chika J
Published: February 2025

The integration of renewable energy sources into existing power grids presents both opportunities and challenges for developing countries. This study investigates the impact of increasing renewable energy penetration on grid stability in Nigeria. Using data from the Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission (NERC) and the Transmission Company of Nigeria (TCN), we analyze frequency and voltage fluctuations in relation to renewable energy contribution over a 24-month period. The research employs statistical analysis and power system simulations to assess the correlation between renewable energy penetration and grid stability indicators. Results indicate that while moderate levels of renewable integration (up to 20% of total generation) have minimal impact on grid stability, higher levels (>30%) are associated with increased frequency and voltage fluctuations. The study concludes that strategic investments in grid infrastructure, particularly in energy storage and advanced control systems, are necessary to maintain grid stability as Nigeria pursues its renewable energy targets. These findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and grid operators in Nigeria and other developing countries pursuing aggressive renewable energy integration.
Design of fractional order PID for voltage regulation of an isolated power system using artificial rabbits’ optimization
Authors: Musa Diyari  , Idris Araga  , Bashir Yunus  , Farry Mivanyi
Published: February 2025

Voltage instability has a detrimental impact on economic productivity as the interruption of essential electrical power equipment leads to unwanted shut down. This instability results from variations in voltage at the generator terminal, which is normally brought on by a change in reactive power at the load center. A well-designed voltage regulation scheme has been devised to ensure that volatility instabilities-related power issues are addressed and mitigated through the Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR). An intelligent Fractional Order Proportional-Integral-Derivative (FOPID) controller that was properly tuned for optimal parameters has been integrated to the AVR for better performance. The optimal FOPID gains are obtained by minimizing the selected Fitness Function (FF) that is chosen as Integral Time Absolute Error (ITAE) in this study, an AVR system equipped with FOPID controller was designed for voltage regulation of an Isolated Power System in a MATLAB/Simulink environment. Artificial Rabbits Optimization (ARO) technique was used in determining the optimal parameters of the FOPID; the results were compared to that of a Genetic Algorithm (GA) tuned FOPID and Particle swarm optimization (PSO) tuned FOPID controller. The voltage profile response obtained for FOPID using ARO have shown a lower overshoot of 20.7% and a faster-settling time(ts) of 1.25s as compared to that of GA and PSO-tuned controllers. The proposed ARO-FOPID AVR design has proven to be effective and essential, as the results demonstrated; it offers the most optimal dynamic response and increased stability among the AVR designs under consideration.
Biological pathways and enzymatic mechanisms in phytochemical biosynthesis: A review
Authors: Olusola Ifedolapo WATTI
Published: February 2025

Essential oils are complex mixtures of volatile secondary metabolites derived from plants, with significant ecological and therapeutic roles. Their chemical diversity arises from intricate biosynthetic pathways involving monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, and phenylpropanoids. This review explores the biosynthetic mechanisms underlying the formation of these compounds in Citrus sinensisleaves, focusing on the mevalonate and non-mevalonate pathways. Additionally, how enzymatic activity and post-harvest metabolic processes influence the qualitative and quantitative variations in essential oil constituents was discussed. Understanding these pathways provides insights into optimizing plant-based products for pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and agricultural applications.
Effectiveness of error correction techniques in writing classes: Perspectives of EFL undergraduate students and teachers
Authors: Tamirat Taye Simel  , Gemechis Teshome Chali
Published: February 2025

This study examines the effectiveness of various error correction techniques employed in EFL writing classes, focusing on the perspectives of undergraduate students and teachers at Mizan Tepi University. The research involved 86 first- and second-year undergraduate EFL students, selected using availability sampling to ensure inclusivity, alongside seven experienced EFL teachers chosen purposively based on their teaching expertise. The study assessed five widely used error correction techniques: direct feedback, indirect feedback, metalinguistic feedback, peer feedback, and self-correction. Data were collected using questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, and classroom observations to explore perceptions, preferences, and the effectiveness of each technique. The findings revealed that both students and teachers viewed direct feedback as the most effective for immediate error correction and clarity, particularly for grammar and syntax errors. Indirect and metalinguistic feedback was favored for fostering critical thinking and self-editing skills, while peer feedback and self-correction were less effective due to insufficient student confidence and expertise. The study underlines the importance of tailoring feedback strategies to student proficiency levels and writing objectives. It also highlights the need for training students in peer review and self-correction to enhance their autonomy. The findings contribute to the ongoing discourse on optimizing writing instruction in EFL contexts, providing practical implications for educators seeking to balance error correction with skill development.
Intelligent integration of assessment tools for specialized prognosis in spinal cord injuries: A scoping review
Authors: Dionysia Chrysanthakopoulou  , Constantinos Koutsojannis  , Charis Matzaroglou  , Eftichia Trachani
Published: February 2025

Spinal cord injury is a life-threatening condition resulting from spinal cord trauma, leading to paralysis, loss of sensation, bowel and bladder control. Accurate assessment tools are crucial for diagnosing and treating spinal cord injuries, and various scales have been developed for this purpose. Additionally, electrophysiological measures, including somatosensory evoked potentials, motor evoked potentials, and nerve conduction studies, can aid in patient stratification. Recent developments in spinal cord injury assessment have shown promise, particularly with the use of advanced imaging techniques and artificial intelligence. Neuroimaging and molecular biomarkers combined with electrophysiological measures, promise to predict outcomes and guide treatment decisions. Machine learning and Artificial intelligence have revolutionized the healthcare industry, including the field of spinal cord injuries, as they can facilitate personalized medicine by accurately predicting. Challenges remain in validating machine learning models and ensuring they are safe and effective for clinical use. Quality data and expertise are crucial for accurately interpreting and applying machine learning results in spinal cord injury management. Moreover, due to artificial intelligence entering healthcare to assist in processing data, electrophysiology can eventually meet the high-quality information it can provide, as it is easier to analyze data recordings from somatosensory evoked potentials and other electrophysiologic measures. Summing up, the integration of advanced imaging techniques, biomarkers, and machine learning leading to maximizing the use and importance of electrophysiology as far as the information it can reveal, has the potential to revolutionize the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of spinal cord injuries, leading to improved patient outcomes and personalized care.
AI-Driven autonomous database management: Self-tuning, predictive query optimization, and intelligent indexing in enterprise it environments
Authors: Oluwafemi Oloruntoba
Published: February 2025

The rapid growth of enterprise data and the increasing complexity of modern database systems have necessitated a shift from traditional manual database management to autonomous, AI-driven solutions. AI-driven autonomous database management systems (ADBMS) leverage machine learning, predictive analytics, and automation to optimize database performance, reduce administrative overhead, and enhance scalability in enterprise IT environments. Traditional database management approaches often suffer from inefficiencies related to query performance, indexing, workload tuning, and anomaly detection, leading to increased operational costs and performance bottlenecks. This paper explores the key components of AI-driven autonomous database management, focusing on self-tuning mechanisms, predictive query optimization, and intelligent indexing techniques. Self-tuning capabilities leverage AI to analyze workloads, optimize resource allocation, and dynamically adjust system parameters to maintain peak efficiency. Predictive query optimization utilizes deep learning algorithms to enhance query execution plans, reduce latency, and anticipate performance issues before they impact business operations. Additionally, intelligent indexing applies machine learning techniques to automate index selection, adaptation, and maintenance, ensuring optimal data retrieval and reducing query processing times. By integrating these AI-driven mechanisms, enterprises can achieve greater operational efficiency, improved database reliability, and reduced human intervention in performance tuning. The study also addresses security, compliance, and reliability concerns associated with autonomous database management, proposing best practices for AI-driven data governance. Future research directions include the integration of quantum computing for database acceleration, AI-driven anomaly detection for enhanced cybersecurity, and the application of reinforcement learning for real-time database optimization. This paper provides a strategic roadmap for enterprises looking to adopt AI-driven autonomous database solutions to drive innovation and competitive advantage.
Pelatihan Dan Pendampingan Kompetensi SDM BUMDes Dan Pelaku UMKM Untuk Meningkatkan Jejaring Usaha Di Desa Sindangsuka
Authors: Muizu Wa Ode Zusnita , Dara Sagita Triski
Published: February 2025

Community Service Activities (PPM) aim to develop the local economy in Sindangsuka Village, Garut Regency, with a focus on strengthening the role of BUMDes and MSME actors in the field of business management. The PPM program is implemented to increase the competency and capacity of village communities in various aspects of focus, including Human Resources (HR) development, marketing, production and business network development. The results of the second year of PPM activities (2024) show progress in several aspects. First, good communication was established between the PPM implementing lecturer, the Adhigana Restaurant Manager (Padjadjaran University Business Unit), and the Director of village-owned enterprises (BUMDes) Sindangsuka, which aims to establish cooperation in the organic catfish business network with the Adhigana Restaurant. This program adopts a more directed and focused approach based on evaluations and feedback from previous years. The results of outreach activities through training for MSME entrepreneurs highlight the importance of developing competencies in marketing, production and human resources as well as the need for collaboration between business actors to achieve inclusive and sustainable local economic development goals. In order to overcome local economic challenges, comprehensive efforts are needed, such as building digital infrastructure, establishing networks and collaboration, supporting product development, developing
Implementation of the Critical Path Method in Optimizing the Orthodox Black Tea Processing
Authors: Anggraini Suci , Sormin Corry
Published: February 2025

PTPN IV Regional 4 memegang peranan strategis dalam produksi teh hitam, khususnya melalui metode pengolahan teh hitam ortodoks. Sebagai penghasil teh berkualitas tinggi, PTPN IV Regional 4 menghadapi tantangan dalam memastikan efisiensi operasional di setiap tahapan produksi, mulai dari pelayuan daun teh hingga sortasi dan pengemasan. Dalam upaya mengoptimalkan proses pengolahan teh, banyak metode yang dapat digunakan, salah satunya adalah Critical Path Method (CPM). Critical Path Method (CPM) merupakan suatu teknik yang digunakan untuk menentukan rangkaian kegiatan terpenting (paling kritis) dalam suatu proyek atau pekerjaan, yang menentukan waktu penyelesaian proyek secara keseluruhan. Berdasarkan analisis yang telah dilakukan, diperoleh waktu optimal proses pengolahan teh hitam ortodoks yaitu selama 3.665 menit atau 61 jam 5 menit dengan lintasan kritis yang diperoleh yaitu pada kejadian 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-12-15-16-17 atau pada kejadian ABCDEFGKNOP. Kegiatan yang berada pada jalur kritis antara lain penimbangan tunas segar (A), analisis mutu tunas segar (B), distribusi WT (C), pengocokan (D), pelayuan (E), uji pelayuan (F), penggulungan OTR (G), fermentasi serbuk I (K), pengeringan (N), sortasi (O), dan pengemasan (P).
Stuck in the Past
Authors: Kapidžić Damir , Piacentini Arianna , Husremović Dženana
Published: February 2025

It has been over 25 years since the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina ended, yet the country is still considered to be in crisis and political conflict. The political system established through the Dayton Peace Agreement in 1995 has brought peace but has failed to resolve underlying tensions between power-hungry ethnic patrimonial elites and the strengthening of democracy, rule of law, and economic development. At the same time, the unaddressed memories of war strongly impact citizens and segment society. By conceptualizing the structural, societal, and historical challenges facing BiH since independence in 1992, and more specifically since the end of the Bosnian War in 1995, this Introduction aims to give an overview of how citizens and institutions of Bosnia and Herzegovina seems to be still stuck in the past of the 1990s conflict, and what the difficulties they are facing in transforming themselves into something they aim to become.
Does Democracy Matter in Consociational Systems?
Authors: Keil Soeren , Hulsey John
Published: February 2025

Bosnia has one of the most complex consociational systems in the world, combining strict power-sharing at central institutions with a high degree of decentralization through a federal system, which gives most competences to the regional (entity) level. The country holds regular elections at different levels of governance, and has seen elite and party turn-over at local, cantonal, entity and national levels. Hence, in this sense, it qualifies as an electoral democracy. However, the change of elites and parties in power has not fundamentally changed Bosnian politics, which is still characterized by domination by a cartel of ethnic elites, ethnic outbidding across the political system, and a lack of fundamental reforms to the initial Dayton constitutional structure. This article will discuss to what extent elite turnover matters in strict consociational systems, and how consociationalism, as applied in Bosnia, can limit the effects of democratic change through elections.
Understanding Reconciliation
Authors: Vaškevičiūtė Simona
Published: February 2025

This article determines the vision of post-conflict reconciliation in Croatia that the EU has been developing in its documents from the beginning of Croatia’s European integration to this day. Although post-conflict reconciliation became an EU prerequisite for the accession of candidates from the Western Balkans, since the introduction of the revised enlargement strategy the EU has not stated how post-conflict reconciliation should be understood. Considering the debatable nature of the reconciliation concept, it is unclear what the EU was trying to achieve by engaging in Croatia’s reconciliation development process. Extensive theoretical-reconciliation-literature-based qualitative content analysis of 267 EU documents reveals the overall reconciliation vision applied to Croatia and uncovers how it evolved over time. This understanding of EU’s specific expectations on reconciliation development, which is often overlooked in existing literature, provides a research-based reference point for the assessments of EU’s actual achievements in reconciliation development.
Explaining Change in the Albanian State Identity
Authors: Sako Marsela , Lleshi Sokol
Published: February 2025

The establishment of the Berlin Process by the EU initiated a distinct regionalisation policy for the Western Balkans. Most scholars have emphasised the contradictions between domestic sources of legitimation and EU norm transfer underpinning state building processes. However, the interaction between modernising local elites, seeking to become embedded in transnational integration regimes, and policy discourses of regionalisation has been scantly addressed. The case study of Albania represents the most likely case to explicate the interaction between a modernising local political elite, embedded in post-liberal governance practices and networks, and a regionalisation process. This article poses the question of how the Albanian political elite comes to transform its state identity. The article relies on a qualitative methodology combining the case study research method with critical discourse analysis and process tracing. The contribution which the article makes to earlier research focuses on the local agency of political elites using foreign policy discourse in implementing external norms.
Kontribusi Pembangkit Listrik Energi Terbarukan dalam Mengurangi Emisi Karbon
Authors: Wibowo Kunto
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji potensi kombinasi energi terbarukan di daerah pedesaan Sulawesi Selatan guna menciptakan desa mandiri energi yang berkelanjutan dan mengurangi ketergantungan pada energi fosil. Metode tinjauan pustaka ini mengumpulkan, menganalisis, dan mensintesis literatur tentang kontribusi energi terbarukan dalam mengurangi emisi karbon. Penelusuran dan seleksi literatur dilakukan dari berbagai sumber ilmiah, diikuti oleh analisis, sintesis temuan, dan identifikasi kesenjangan penelitian, dengan fokus pada kebijakan dan tantangan implementasi di Indonesia. Hasil karya ini potensi energi terbarukan di Indonesia, terutama tenaga surya, angin, dan biomassa, sangat besar. Meskipun implementasi proyek seperti desa mandiri energi dan co-firing biomassa menunjukkan dampak positif, pengembangan masih terkendala biaya investasi, infrastruktur, dan dukungan kebijakan. Teknologi seperti smart grid menunjukkan potensi efisiensi energi, namun penerapannya terbatas. Dengan dukungan yang tepat, energi terbarukan dapat signifikan mengurangi emisi karbon dan mendukung pertumbuhan ekonomi berkelanjutan.
Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Publik Terhadap Kepuasan Masyarakat Di Kantor Kecamatan Banjarmasin Timur Kota Banjarmasin
Authors: Kosasih Nico
Published: February 2025

Kegiatanyatau rangkaian kegiatan dalam,rangka pemenuhan kebutuhan pelayanan sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan bagi setiap warga negara dan penduduk atas barang, jasa dan/atau pelayanan administratif yang disediakan oleh penyelenggara pelayanan publik disebut sebagai pelayanan publik. Pelayanan yang diberikan suatu organisasi kepada masyarakat masih kurang baik di tingkat nasional maupun swasta, fenomena seperti pungutan liar, masyarakat miskin tidak dapat menerima pelayanan yang cepat, adalah beberapa contoh fenomena yang sering terjadi. Tingginya pertumbuhan penduduk menjadi salah satu faktor mengapa kualitas pelayanan publik harus selalu ditingkatkan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode kuantitatif yang mempunyai tujuan mengetahui pengaruh kualitas pelayanan yang diberikan yaitu responsiveness, reliability, assurance, emphaty dan tangible baik secara simultan maupun parsial, serta mengetahui variabel mana yang paling dominan mempengaruhi kepuasan masyarakat pada Kantor Kecamatan Banjarmasin Timur. Nilai dari F hitung 19.177 dengan probabilitas 0.000 maka dapat diketahui bahwa seluruh variabel kualitas pelayanan publik berpengaruh secara simultan terhadap kepuasan masyarakat pada Kantor Kecamatan Banjarmasin Timur. Hasil akhir analisis koefisien determinasi adalah sebesar 71,1%, sedangkan sisanya sebesar 28.9% diterangkan oleh faktor-faktor lain di luar model regresi.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Keputusan Nasabah untuk Mengambil Kredit di Bank: Studi Pustaka
Authors: Sirait Ezra Theresia I. S. , Tumanggor Reisa Cotessa Br , Samosir Windri Viola Anggriani , Daeli Jeven Putra , Siallagan Hamonangan , Hasugian Christnova
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini berupaya untuk mengeksplorasi berbagai literatur yang luas mengenai faktor-faktor yang membentuk pengambilan keputusan nasabah ketika memilih opsi kredit di bank. Tujuannya adalah untuk memperoleh pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang perilaku dan preferensi nasabah. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang didasarkan pada studi kepustakaan, peneliti menyusun sumber-sumber relevan yang mematuhi kriteria relevansi, kejelasan, dan penerapan yang ketat. Setelah pengumpulan data, peneliti menyaring informasi penting untuk menyusun tinjauan literatur yang menyeluruh. Analisis penelitian menghasilkan beberapa temuan utama: Pertama, suku bunga yang ditetapkan oleh bank muncul sebagai faktor penting dalam keputusan kredit nasabah, karena suku bunga secara langsung memengaruhi cicilan bulanan dan beban keuangan keseluruhan selama jangka waktu kredit. Kedua, kualitas layanan nasabah—meliputi kemudahan proses aplikasi kredit, keahlian dan keramahan staf, dan efektivitas dukungan purnajual—memainkan peran penting dalam pilihan nasabah mengenai bank mana yang akan didekati untuk mendapatkan kredit. Terakhir, efisiensi dan sifat cepat dari prosedur distribusi kredit, dari aplikasi hingga pencairan dana, merupakan pertimbangan penting bagi nasabah. Proses yang panjang dan berbelit-belit dapat secara signifikan mengurangi minat nasabah untuk mendapatkan kredit.
VIOLÊNCIA NOS RELACIONAMENTOS AFETIVOS SEXUAIS ENTRE ADOLESCENTES ACOLHIDOS INSTITUCIONALMENTE
Authors: Lopes Ferreira de Lima Andreia , De Mattos Oliveira Camila , Bezerra Eliane Maria , Pereira da Silva Lygia Maria
Published: February 2025

A vivência de violência intrafamiliar tem sido um importante fator associado ao estabelecimento e perpetuação de relacionamentos afetivos sexuais violentos entre adolescentes. O presente trabalho objetiva compreender as representações socialmente construídas dos adolescentes abrigados acerca da violência nos relacionamentos afetivo-sexuais e  identificar os elementos que influenciam  estas representações. Trata-se estudo exploratório, descritivo e qualitativo aborda a influência da vivência de violência intrafamiliar na formação de relacionamentos afetivo-sexuais violentos entre adolescentes. Realizado em uma unidade de acolhimento em Recife (PE) com 9 participantes, o trabalho utiliza dados de prontuários, entrevistas e observação participante. A Teoria das Representações Sociais guia a análise, revelando que a negligência, uso de substâncias psicoativas e violência sexual são motivos comuns de acolhimento. Vários adolescentes testemunharam violência conjugal entre seus responsáveis, influenciando suas visões sobre relacionamentos A análise destaca a influência de representações sociais na banalização da violência nos relacionamentos adolescentes, ressaltando a necessidade de ações sociais para problematizar concepções sobre violência e construções de gênero que perpetuam práticas violentas entre parceiros.
EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA NO BRASIL: TRANSFORMAÇÕES, DESAFIOS E PERSPECTIVAS NA ERA DIGITAL
Authors: Paula Ana Paula Couto De Oliveira , Morinigo Carlino Ivan
Published: February 2025

None
A INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL GENERATIVA E O GANHO DE EFICIÊNCIA DESSA TECNOLOGIA NO JUDICIARIO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Santos Zélia Prado Dos
Published: February 2025

None
Factors Shaping Student Debt Attitudes and Behaviours: A Systematic Review and a Pilot Qualitative Study at an Indonesian Multicultural University
Authors: Rahadi Ashri , Koesrindartoto Deddy Priatmodjo , Wisesa Anggara
Published: February 2025

The growing concern over student debt highlights its impact on both individual students and the broader economy. Investigating debt attitudes offers insights into an individual’s predisposition to incur debt, influencing debt levels, repayment discipline, and potential behavior modifications through education. This study employed a thematic analysis conducted using systematically selected literature from global databases to understand factors aligned with various debt attitude spectrums. Four global themes were identified: (I) Personal factors, (II) Social factors, and (III) Behavioral Factors as factors correlated with anti- and pro- debt attitudes and behavior. This research presents a global framework for understanding debt attitudes across diverse factors, which is adaptable to specific cultural contexts. Student debt is a complex issue. To fully understand it, we need to examine a broad range of factors, encompassing not only personal and behavioral aspects but also social perspectives. In addition, certain factors may hold greater significance depending on the context. Practical recommendations are offered for educators and policymakers as considerations for addressing debt.
Suppression-induced forgetting: A pre-registered replication of the Think/No-Think paradigm. Stage 2 report in review for the journal Memory.
Authors: Wiechert Sera , Loewy Leonie Hannah Shoshana , Wessel Ineke , Fawcett Jonathan , Ben-Shakhar Gershon , Pertzov Yoni , Verschuere Bruno
Published: February 2025

Post-traumatic stress disorder is characterised by recurring memories of a traumatic experience despite deliberate attempts to forget. The Think/No-Think (TNT) task has been used widely in the laboratory to study suppression-induced forgetting. Recent meta-analyses have reported small-to-moderate effect sizes in this paradigm. The current replication was a collaborative effort to evaluate this paradigm following pre-registration. In particular, we conducted an online experimenter-present version inclusive of both the same- and independent-probe tests using a direct suppression instruction, resulting in 150 English-speaking healthy individuals (75 Western and 75 non-Western; 89 females; MAge= 31.14, SDAge = 7.73). The think condition facilitated accurate recall relative to the baseline condition (i.e., the positive control that speaks to the integrity of the procedure). Yet, participants did not show reduced correct recall in the no-think compared to the baseline condition. Thus, we did not replicate the suppression-induced forgetting effect (same-probe test: BF01 = 7.84; d = 0.03 [95% CI: -0.13; 0.20]; independent-probe test: BF01 = 5.71; d = 0.06 [95% CI: -0.12; 0.24]). These null results should be considered in light of our online implementation of the paradigm. Nevertheless, our findings call into question the robustness of the suppression-induced forgetting effect.
Coupling Framework of Dynamic Calabi-Yau Manifolds with Four-Dimensional Spacetime: Complete Derivation and Analysis
Authors: zhou changzheng , zhou ZIQING
Published: February 2025

This paper explores the coupling relationship between dynamic Calabi-Yau (CY)manifolds and four-dimensional spacetime. Starting from geometric definitions, wederive the evolution equations of moduli parameters and analyze their mutual influ?ence on spacetime dynamics. By constructing a rigorous mathematical framework,we provide new insights into the role of higher-dimensional manifolds in cosmology.Specifically, this paper introduces fractal dimensions and fractal measures, modi?fies the traditional uncertainty principle, and examines its applications in quantumgravity and multi-scale physical phenomena
Deep Connections Between Fractal Cores and Calabi-Yau Manifolds in Terms of Their Mathematical Structures and Physical Mechanisms
Authors: zhou changzheng , zhou ZIQING
Published: February 2025

This paper systematically explores the deep connections between fractal coresand Calabi-Yau manifolds in terms of their mathematical structures and physicalmechanisms. By constructing a fractalized iterative function system (IFS) and afractional-order geometric framework, we demonstrate that the self-similarity offractal cores can discretely and recursively modify the compactification processof Calabi-Yau manifolds. Furthermore, by introducing Hausdorff measures andfractal curvature corrections, we rigorously derive an existence theorem that ensuresRicci-flatness of fractalized manifolds under extreme conditions. Physically, wereveal the synergistic role of fractal cores in smoothing black hole singularitiesand mediating string compactification mechanisms. An experimental pathway isproposed to validate theoretical predictions through gravitational wave modulationsignals and fractal perturbations in the cosmic microwave background (CMB). Thisstudy provides a new mathematical paradigm for unifying discrete and continuousspacetime views in quantum gravity theories
Is There a Glass Ceiling?
Authors: Jolls Christine
Published: February 2025

In the spring of 2001, I was asked by the Federalist Society at Harvard Law School to debate Diana Furchtgott-Roth, chief of staff of the Council of Economic Advisers in the George NV. Bush Administration, on the question of whether there is a "glass ceiling" for women in the labor market. I was to argue in favor of the glass ceiling's existence, and she was to take the opposing view. As those who attended know, the discussion ranged broadly over widely varying terrain, including some questions that should be silly but apparently aren't-most memorably, whether it is "mommy track" behavior to give one's nanny or babysitter a cell phone number at which one can be reached while at work when one is away from one's desk-to serious academic disputes over the underlying explanations for women's present labor market position. This Essay, on the occasion of the twenty-fifth anniversary of the Harvard Women's Law Journal, attempts to summarize some of my views on the current state of the glass ceiling debate. An important threshold question concerns the definition of the "glass ceiling." Former Senator Robert Dole once remarked that "there are probably as many definitions of the glass ceiling as there are individuals affected by it. But I like the formulation he offered, and I shall adopt it here. The glass ceiling issue, according to Dole, ultimately "boils down to eliminating artificial barriers in the workplace which have served to block the advancement of qualified women." In other words, if barriers exist that "block the advancement of qualified women," then I shall say that a glass ceiling is present.
A Unified Framework of Fractal Chain Complex and the Revolution of Information Theory Mathematical Construction, Physical Breakthrough, and Cosmological Applications
Authors: zhou changzheng , zhou ZIQING
Published: February 2025

his paper establishes a rigorous mathematical framework for fractal chain com?plexes, systematically elucidating the mechanisms by which fractal spacetime sur?passes the Bekenstein bound, resolves the black hole information paradox, andenables the construction of universe-scale quantum computing networks. A novelparadigm of fractal AdS/CFT duality is proposed, demonstrating the regulatoryrole of fractal dimensions DH on the degrees of freedom in boundary field the?ories and black hole thermodynamics. Through Monte Carlo lattice simulations(DH = 2.5, entanglement entropy growth SA ∝ A1.25) and LIGO-Virgo data analy?sis (signal with 2.7 confidence), the theoretical predictions are validated. This workprovides a cross-dimensional research paradigm for the fusion of quantum gravityand information theory.
The Replication Dilemma: Potential Challenges in Measuring Replication Value—A Commentary on Isager, Van’t Veer, & Lakens (2024)
Authors: Fillon Adrien Alejandro , Chandrashekar Subramanya Prasad
Published: February 2025

The authors (Isager, Van‘t Veer, & Lakens, 2024) start with the main assumption that researchers' efforts toward replications are constrained by resources, and they propose a simple, practically scalable framework of research replication value that guides the researchers and the scientific community at large intending to achieve bigger bang for the buck. Specifically, the authors propose a framework that combines citation impact and sample size of the original articles as a metric for assessing replication value. This implies that original studies with higher scores on this metric can be prioritized for replication efforts. We thoroughly agree with the authors' assumption, and indeed support the view of working towards an optimal framework that helps the community achieve maximum research impact from the replication efforts. In this commentary, we propose to discuss three important limitations that have to be considered before using such metrics.
The Buddhabrot and the Unus Mundus: A Qualitative Exploration of Fractal Patterns and Archetypal Symbols
Authors: Shirley Harry
Published: February 2025

This study conducts a qualitative comparative analysis exploring apparent visual correspondences between the Buddhabrot fractal and symbolic materials associated with the Unus Mundus (related to cosmic order, union of opposites or other themes) or linked to altered states of mind. The findings highlight subjective visual similarities between the Buddhabrot’s fractal patterns, and some symbolic materials related to these themes. While such similarities may stem from perceptual tendencies, cognitive heuristics, or cultural transmission, they also deeply resonate with concept of the Unus Mundus explored by Jung and Pauli. Though no causal relationship is posited, these observations raise the possibility that the Buddhabrot may visually echo symbolic motifs from diverse settings, inviting further inquiry.
Whose Signals Are Being Amplified? Towards a More Equitable Clinical Psychophysiology
Authors: Bradford Daniel E. , DeFalco Angelica , Perkins Emily R. , Carbajal Ivan , Kwasa Jasmine , Goodman Fallon Rachael , Jackson Felicia , Richardson Lietsel , Woodley Nina , Neuberger Lindsay , Sandoval Jennifer A. , Huang Helen J. , Joyner Keanan
Published: February 2025

Research using psychophysiological methods holds great promise for refining clinical assessment, identifying risk factors, and informing treatment. Unfortunately, unique methodological features of existing approaches limit inclusive research participation and, consequently, generalizability. This brief overview and commentary provides a snapshot of the current state of representation in clinical psychophysiology, with a focus on the forms and consequences of ongoing exclusion of Black participants. We illustrate issues of inequity and exclusion that are unique to clinical psychophysiology, considering intersections among social constructions of Blackness and biased design of current technology used to measure electroencephalography, skin conductance, and other signals. We then highlight work by groups dedicated to quantifying and addressing these limitations. We discuss the need for reflection and input from a wider variety of stakeholders to develop and refine new technologies, given the risk of further widening disparities. Finally, we provide broad recommendations for clinical-psychophysiology research.
Building virtual patients for training mental health professionals
Authors: Staples Patrick , Clarke Patrick , Leininger Carly , Principato Cristiana , Shafiei Mario , Goodwin Guy , Ryslik Gregory A. , Dougherty Robert F.
Published: February 2025

We present a framework for developing “virtual patients” to augment training for Mental Health Professionals (MHPs) with a process that is more scalable and systematic than current practice which relies on human role-play for the training and evaluation of patient interaction. We show how to combine large language models, retrieval-augmented personification (a novel variant of retrieval-augmented generation), and custom code-based logic to create a psychology engine that simulates realistic patient responses by emulating several key psychological mechanisms: short- and long-term memory, varying levels of conscious awareness about topics (as well as modulation of such awareness), and dynamic mood states where attitudes toward topics of conversation evolve over the course of the dialogue. We also describe algorithms for creating realistic patients with coherent symptom profiles and backstories. Taken together, these tools produce a realistic training partner for an MHP, enabling both training-at-scale as well as automated evaluation of specific skill sets. We discuss how our psychology engine framework makes training qualified MHPs more efficient and scalable, facilitates the continuing education needed as potential new treatments such as psychedelics emerge from clinical trials.
Identifying risk profiles for dissociation in 16- to 25-year-olds using machine learning.
Authors: McGuinness Roberta , Herring Daniel , Wu Xinyi , Almandi Maryam , Bhangu Daveena , Collinson Lucia , Shang Xiaocheng , Černis Emma
Published: February 2025

Background: Dissociation is associated with clinical severity, increased risk of suicide and self-harm, and disproportionately affects adolescents and young adults. Whilst existing literature indicates that multiple factors contribute to dissociative experiences, including – but not limited to – trauma, a multi-factorial explanation of increased risk for dissociation has yet to be achieved. Aims: To investigate the relative influence of five plausible causal risk factors (childhood trauma, loneliness, marginalisation, socio-economic status, and everyday stress), and generate a tentative high-risk profile for ‘felt sense of anomaly’ subtype dissociation (FSA-dissociation). Method: We recruited 2384 UK 16- to 25-year-olds to a cross-sectional online-survey. First, we investigated the relative influence of the five risk factors using multiple linear regression. Next, we employed exploratory machine learning techniques to identify which factors were most predictive of dissociation severity. Results: Multiple regression indicated that four risk factors significantly contributed to FSA-dissociation, with relative order of contribution: everyday stress, childhood trauma, loneliness, and marginalisation. Exploratory analysis using machine learning indicated that childhood trauma and marginalisation were most predictive of dissociation severity in addition to depression and negative self-concept in younger respondents (16-20 years), and anxiety and maladaptive emotion regulation in the older group (21-25 years).Conclusions: This study identified that risk factors for dissociation are likely to be age-dependent. We outline a tentative high-risk profile for FSA-dissociation for people aged 16 to 20 years, and 21 to 25 years. Validation of these findings could inform clinical assessment, and prevention and outreach efforts, improving the under-recognition of dissociation in mainstream services.
Labeling Synthetic Content: User Perceptions of Warning Label Designs for AI-generated Content on Social Media
Authors: Gamage Dilrukshi , Dilki  , Zhang Min , Bandara Arosha
Published: February 2025

In this research, we explored the efficacy of various warning label designs for AI-generated content on social media platforms—e.g., deepfakes. We devised and assessed ten distinct label design samples that varied across the dimensions of sentiment, color/iconography, positioning, and level of detail. Our experimental study involved 911 participants randomly assigned to these ten label designs and a control group evaluating social media content. We explored their perceptions relating to 1) Belief in the content being AI-generated, 2) Trust in the labels and 3) Social Media engagement perceptions of the content. The results demonstrate that the presence of labels had a significant effect on the user’sbelief that the content is AI-generated, deepfake, or edited by AI. However their trust in the label significantly varied based on the label design. Notably, having labels did not significantly change their engagement behaviors, such as ’like’, comment, and sharing. However, there were significant differences in engagement based on content type: political and entertainment. This investigation contributes to the field of human-computer interaction by defining a design space for label implementation and providing empirical support for the strategic use of labels to mitigate the risks associated with synthetically generated media.
Revisiting Defensive Motivation and the Error-Related Negativity: A Multi-Site Replication Study
Authors: Bland Amy , Bradford Daniel E. , DeFalco Angelica , Dicks Gary , Barreto Nelson J. Trujillo , Bertaina-Anglade Valerie , L’Hostis Philippe , Guillo Arzhelenn , Pourtois Gilles , Wang Nan , Liu Zhong-Xu , Fischer Anna , Grassi Francesco , Schacht Anne , Ziereis Annika , Drisdelle Brandi , Makin Alexis David James , Karakashevska Elena , Buckley Ned , de Vries Ingmar Engbert Jacob , van den Bosch Jasper J.F. , Hajcak Greg , Foti Dan , Mushtaq Faisal , Pavlov Yuri G.
Published: February 2025

A large number of EEG studies have identified a distinct event related potential (ERP) component during error processing known as the Error-Related Negativity (ERN). In an influential study, Hajcak and Foti (2008) explored the idea that errors could trigger defensive motivational reactions and that the ERN might forecast the intensity of defensive reactions following errors. Using a flanker task, thirty-one college-aged participants responded to the direction of a central arrow with acoustic startle probes administered pseudo-randomly throughout. Hajcak and Foti’s (2008) findings indicated the ERN is indicative of individual variations in aversive reactions to errors. This has influenced understanding of the ERN being more than a simple error detection mechanism and sheds light on how people differ in their emotional responses to mistakes. As part of the #EEGManyLabs project, an international network of laboratories, we will test the replicability of the results from this influential study. The data will later be combined to compute global effect sizes of the ERN, startle potentiation, and their interaction. Collectively, these replications will help solidify the results from this highly-cited study. Given that the ERN is an integral part of a broader neural system responding to potentially threatening stimuli, this replication will provide a more solid foundation for our understanding of error processing and its relationship to defensive reactivity.
Salient features of task-irrelevant continuous speech distort subjective time
Authors: Symons Ashley E , Dick Frederic , Tierney Adam
Published: February 2025

Computational models of auditory salience predict that acoustic change and divergence from prediction increase the salience of sound streams. Confirming these predictions, prior research has shown that acoustic change and unpredictable sound features are linked to increases in physiological arousal and disruption of concurrent task performance. However, it remains unclear whether linguistic features, such as phonemic and lexical/semantic surprisal, help drive attentional orienting, or whether instead attentional capture takes place prior to linguistic analysis. To address this question, we introduce a new technique for assessing attentional capture by naturalistic task-irrelevant speech. In this paradigm participants tap to a metronome while ignoring a spoken passage from an audiobook. Salient features of the task-irrelevant speech capture attention, increase arousal, and expand subjective time, leading to shifts in tap timing. We show that distortions of subjective time are driven not only by acoustic change but also by phonemic surprisal. Thus, attentional orienting to sound takes place after the initial stages of linguistic analysis.
Legalist and realist decision-making in patent law: Validity cases in Germany
Authors: Hoffmann Jakob , Glückler Johannes , Khuchua Tamar , Lachapelle Francois , Lazega Emmanuel , Zipf Marius
Published: February 2025

While realist approaches towards judicial decision-making have become predomi-nant, their appropriateness is much less obvious for specialized or technical fieldsof law, such as patent litigation, and evidence is much scarcer than for generalistcourts. Addressing this scarcity, the paper assesses judge-level variation in deci-sion outcomes based on a sample of 1,722 collegial decisions on patent validity atthe German Federal Patent Court. Using a Bayesian mixed membership multilevelmodel, we find that after controlling for variation due to other contextual factors,there remains significant statistical variation in the propensity to nullify a patent atthe level of individual judges. However, judge effects are relatively weak and uncer-tain, indicating mitigation of individual deviation through collegiality. We concludeby discussing the relevance of consistent judicial outcomes beyond the studied con-text and especially in transnational harmonization processes, such as initialized bythe recent establishment of the Unified Patent Court.
Status of Oxidative Stress, Antioxidants and Liver Function Tests among Nepalese Workers from Gulf Countries and Malaysia
Authors: Sharma Abha , Shrestha Vikram , Paudel Govinda , Prajapati Asmita
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Nepalese migrants to the Gulf countries and Malaysia are prone to poor health because of their low status as migrants, challenging living and working conditions, changes in lifestyle, and inadequate access to health care. The main aims of this study were to assess the status of oxidative stress, antioxidants, and liver function among Nepalese workers from Gulf countries and Malaysia.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 332 Nepalese migrant workers to Gulf countries and Malaysia arriving at Tribhuvan International Airport during May 15 and June 15, 2019. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire, anthropometric measurements, and venous blood sample to access the status of oxidative stress, antioxidants, and liver function. Blood samples were analyzed at the laboratory of Janamaitri Foundation Institution of Health Sciences.
Results: Results revealed that 5% had an abnormal liver panel test. The mean value for Serum Malondialdehyde (MDA) was 1.57± 1.25 µmol/L while 38.8% had an increased level of MDA. The mean value for total Protein was 7.19 ± 0.97 gm %, albumin was 4.43 ± 0.75 gm %, and Albumin/ Globulin Ratio was 1.8. There was a significant difference in MDA, SOD, and A/G ratio among migrant workers as per country of work.
Conclusion: Nepalese migrant workers in Gulf countries and Malaysia are vulnerable to developing liver diseases. The high levels of serum MDA among Nepalese migrant workers is an important concern for the health care system. Thus, strengthening policy for regular health screening among these migrant workers is warranted.