bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chlorhexidine Prevents Root Dentine Mineral Loss and Fracture Caused by Calcium Hydroxide over Time
Authors: Ribeiro Michael Ranniery Garcia , Thomaz Érika Bárbara Abreu Fonseca , Lima Darlon Martins , Leitão Tarcísio Jorge , Bauer José , Souza Soraia De Fátima Carvalho
Published: April 2017

Purpose. To evaluate the mineral ion loss of root dentine after treatment with 2% chlorhexidine solution (CHX) and to compare its yield and flexural strength (fs) after exposure to calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2]. Materials and Methods. Dentine bars (DB) were made from 90 roots of bovine incisors and randomized into three groups: GControl: distilled/deionized water (DDW), GNaOCl: 2.5% sodium hypochlorite + 17% EDTA, and GCHX: CHX + DDW. The release of phosphate (PO4) and calcium (Ca) ions was measured by spectrophotometry. The DB were exposed to Ca(OH)2 paste for 0, 30, 90, and 180 days. DB were subjected to the three-point bending test to obtain yield and fs values. The fracture patterns were evaluated (20x). Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn’s post hoc tests or one- and two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test (α=0.05). Results. GCHX showed lower PO43- and Ca2+ ionic release than GNaOCl (p<0.001). For yield and fs, GCHX>GNaOCl in all periods (p<0.001), except for yield strength values on 90 days (p=0.791). A larger frequency of vertical fractures was observed in GNaOCl and that of oblique fractures in GCHX (p<0.05). Conclusions. CHX prevented PO43- and Ca2+ loss and showed a tendency to preserve the yield and fs of root dentine over time following exposure to Ca(OH)2 paste.
Efficacy and Safety of the Triple Therapy Containing Ilaprazole, Levofloxacin, and Amoxicillin as First-Line Treatment in Helicobacter pylori Infections
Authors: Ahn Hyo Jun , Kim Dong Pil , Chu Myeong Su , Yun Hyeon Jeong , Kim Seok-Hwan , Lee Seung Woo , Lee Dong Soo
Published: April 2017

Background and Aims. To establish the efficacy and safety of ilaprazole, levofloxacin, and amoxicillin as a first-line eradication treatment for Helicobacter pylori. Methods. Patients with gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, or gastritis, as detected by esophagogastroduodenoscopy with confirmed H. pylori infection between September 2014 and November 2015, were enrolled in the study. All participants received ilaprazole (10 mg bid), levofloxacin (500 mg bid), and amoxicillin (1000 mg bid) for 10 days. H. pylori eradication was confirmed by a 13C-urea breath test at 6–8 weeks after the end of treatment. Results. Of 84 patients included in the analysis, the eradication rate was 88.8% in the per protocol group (n=80). Demographic factors such as age, gender, body mass index (BMI), alcohol, smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and peptic ulcer did not affect the eradication rate. However, multivariate analysis showed that overweight patients and patients with cerebrovascular accident (CVA) had a significantly lower eradication rate than patients with normal BMI and without CVA. Laboratory test results did not change significantly after treatment. A total of six (7.5%) patients developed eight adverse reactions. Conclusions. A 10-day triple therapy containing ilaprazole, levofloxacin, and amoxicillin is a safe alternative first-line eradication treatment for H. pylori.
Quantitative Assessment of Optimal Bone Marrow Site for the Isolation of Porcine Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: McDaniel J. S. , Antebi B. , Pilia M. , Hurtgen B. J. , Belenkiy S. , Necsoiu C. , Cancio L. C. , Rathbone C. R. , Batchinsky A. I.
Published: April 2017

Background. One of the most plentiful sources for MSCs is the bone marrow; however, it is unknown whether MSC yield differs among different bone marrow sites. In this study, we quantified cellular yield and evaluated resident MSC population from five bone marrow sites in the porcine model. In addition, we assessed the feasibility of a commercially available platelet concentrator (Magellan® MAR01™ Arteriocyte Medical Systems, Hopkinton, MA) as a bedside stem cell concentration device. Methods. Analyses of bone marrow aspirate (BMA) and concentrated bone marrow aspirate (cBMA) included bone marrow volume, platelet and nucleated cell yield, colony-forming unit fibroblast (CFU-F) number, flow cytometry, and assessment of differentiation potential. Results. Following processing, the concentration of platelets and nucleated cells significantly increased but was not significantly different between sites. The iliac crest had significantly less bone marrow volume; however, it yielded significantly more CFUs compared to the other bone marrow sites. Culture-expanded cells from all tested sites expressed high levels of MSC surface markers and demonstrated adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation potential. Conclusions. All anatomical bone marrow sites contained MSCs, but the iliac crest was the most abundant source of MSCs. Additionally, the Magellan can function effectively as a bedside stem cell concentrator.
Yiqi Huayu Jiedu Decoction Inhibits the Invasion and Metastasis of Gastric Cancer Cells through TGF‐β/Smad Pathway
Authors: Wu Ting-Ting , Lu Jun , Zheng Pei-Qiu , Liu Shen-Lin , Wu Jian , Sun Wei , Sun Qing-Min , Ma Nai-Xia , Ding Xue-Lian , Chen Min , Zou Xi
Published: April 2017

Background. Yiqi Huayu Jiedu Decoction (YHJD) can obviously improve the quality of life of those patients with gastric cancer and prolong their survival. Methods. In vitro experiments, we observe YHJD’s effect on the cells’ proliferation by MTT assay. Cell adhesion assay, wound‐healing assay, and Transwell invasion assay serve to detect its influence on cells’ adhesion, migration, and invasion, respectively. Inhibitor (10 μM/L of SB431542) and activator (10 ng/mL of TGF‐β) of TGF‐β/Smad pathway were used to estimate whether YHJD’s impact on the biological behavior of gastric cancer cells was related to TGF‐β/Smad pathway. In in vivo studies, YHJD was administered to the nude mice transplanted with gastric cancer to observe its effect on the tumor. Western blotting and immunohistochemical assay were used to test relevant cytokines of TGF‐β/Smad pathway and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) in MGC‐803 cells and the tumor bearing nude mice. Results. YHJD inhibited proliferation, adhesion, migration, and invasion of MGC‐803 gastric cancer cells in vitro. In in vivo studies, YHJD reduced the volume of the transplanted tumors. It also enhanced the expression of E‐cadherin and decreased the levels of N‐cadherin, TGF‐β, Snail, and Slug in both MGC‐803 cells and the transplanted tumor by western blot assay. The immunohistochemical assay revealed that YHJD raised E‐cadherin in the tumors of the mice; on the contrary, the expression of N‐cadherin, Twist, vimentin, TGF‐βR I, p‐Smad2, p‐Smad3, Snail, and Slug reduced. Conclusion. YHJD can effectively inhibit the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer cells. The mechanism may be related to TGF‐β/Smad pathway.
The Clinical Efficacy of Yindanxinnaotong Soft Capsule in the Treatment of Stroke and Angina Pectoris: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Cheng Long , Liu Yue , Sun Xiao-bo
Published: April 2017

Objective. To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of Yindanxinnaotong (YD) soft capsule in adult patients with cardiovascular diseases (stroke and angina pectoris). Methods. We electronically searched databases including Medline, PubMed, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Cqvip Database (VIP), and Wanfang Database for published articles of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of YD capsule in treating stroke and angina pectoris. The meta‐analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. Results. 49 RCTs involving 6195 subjects with cardiovascular diseases (angina pectoris and stroke) were included. Compared with western conventional medicine (WCM) and/or other Chinese medicines, YD plus WCM therapeutic regimen could significantly improve the efficacy rate (RR = 1.21, 95% CI (1.17, 1.25), P < 0.00001 for angina pectoris, RR = 1.24, 95% CI (1.18, 1.31), P < 0.00001 for stroke), showing the clinical value. In addition, the therapeutic efficiency of WCM plus YD capsule regimen is better than that of WCM alone in improving CRP (MD = −2.07, 95% CI (−3.97, −0.17), P = 0.03 <0.05) and TG (MD = −0.37, 95% CI (−0.52, −0.23), P < 0.0001). Conclusion. YD is effective in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases (angina pectoris and stroke) in adults, and WCM plus YD therapeutic regimen can significantly improve the effective rate in the clinic.
Skeletal Muscle Involvement in B-Cell Lymphoma: Two Cases Illustrating the Contribution of Imaging to a Clinically Unsuspected Diagnosis
Authors: Burton Elijah , Schafernak Kristian , Morgan Elaine , Samet Jonathan
Published: April 2017

Skeletal muscle lymphoma is rare, comprising only a very small subset of lymphoma cases. There are characteristic imaging features which, if recognized, can prevent delay in diagnosis and treatment, particularly when not suspected clinically. Herein, we report two cases of skeletal muscle lymphoma with nearly identical imaging features; the first is an example of primary muscle lymphoma in a 17-year-old boy with back and thigh pain, and the second represents lymphoma recurrence in a 55-year-old man with HIV. Characteristic features seen on MRI were key in raising suspicion for the disease and helped prevent a delay in pathologic diagnosis.
A System Review and Meta-Analysis of Canaloplasty Outcomes in Glaucoma Treatment in Comparison with Trabeculectomy
Authors: Zhang Bing , Kang Jie , Chen Xiaoming
Published: April 2017

Purpose. This system review studied the efficiency and safety of canaloplasty (CP) and compared the outcomes between CP and trabeculectomy (TE). Methods. Literatures were searched in PubMed and EMBASE. The meta-analysis was conducted on the postoperative outcomes in CP and then on the differences of outcomes between CP and TE. Results. In the meta-analysis, IOP decreased by 9.94 (95% CI 8.42 to 11.45) mmHg with an average AGM reduction of 2.11 (95% CI 1.80 to 2.42) one year after CP. The IOP reduction was significantly higher after TE than after CP, with an average difference of 3.61 (95% CI 1.69 to 5.53) mmHg at 12 months postoperationally. For complications, the incidence of hyphema was significantly higher in CP and the Descemet membrane detachment was just reported in CP, with an incidence of 3%. However, the incidence was significantly lower in CP of hypotony and of choroidal effusion/detachment. Meanwhile, suprachoroidal hemorrhage and bleb needling were only reported in TE. Conclusions. CP was less effective in IOP reduction than TE, but CP was able to achieve similar postoperative success rates and reduce the number of AGMs likewise. CP was also associated with lower incidence of complications. More high-quality researches are needed in the future to verify our findings in this system review.
Pregabalin Effect on Acute and Chronic Pain after Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Bouzia Aik , Tassoudis Vassilios , Karanikolas Menelaos , Vretzakis George , Petsiti Argyro , Tsilimingas Nikolaos , Arnaoutoglou Elena
Published: April 2017

Introduction. Pain after cardiac surgery affects long-term patient wellness. This study investigated the effect of preoperative pregabalin on acute and chronic pain after elective cardiac surgery with median sternotomy. Methods. Prospective double blind study. 93 cardiac surgery patients were randomly assigned into three groups: Group 1 received placebo, Group 2 received oral pregabalin 75 mg, and Group 3 received oral pregabalin 150 mg. Data were collected 8 hours, 24 hours, and 3 months postoperatively. Results. Patients receiving pregabalin required fewer morphine boluses (10 in controls versus 6 in Group 1 versus 4 in Group 2, p=0.000) and had lower pain scores at 8 hours (4 versus 3 versus 3, p=0.001) and 3 months (3 versus 2 versus 2, p=0.000) and lower morphine consumption at 8 hours (14 versus 13 versus 12 mg, p=0.000) and 24 hours (19.5 versus 16 versus 15 mg, p=0.000). Percentage of patients with sleep disturbances or requiring analgesics was lower in the pregabalin group and even lower with higher pregabalin dose (16/31 versus 5/31 versus 3/31, p=0.000, and 26/31 versus 16/31 versus 10/31, p=0.000, resp.) 3 months after surgery. Conclusion. Preoperative oral pregabalin 75 or 150 mg reduces postoperative morphine requirements and acute and chronic pain after cardiac surgery.
A Tensor CP Decomposition Method for Clustering Heterogeneous Information Networks via Stochastic Gradient Descent Algorithms
Authors: Wu Jibing , Wang Zhifei , Wu Yahui , Liu Lihua , Deng Su , Huang Hongbin
Published: April 2017

Clustering analysis is a basic and essential method for mining heterogeneous information networks, which consist of multiple types of objects and rich semantic relations among different object types. Heterogeneous information networks are ubiquitous in the real-world applications, such as bibliographic networks and social media networks. Unfortunately, most existing approaches, such as spectral clustering, are designed to analyze homogeneous information networks, which are composed of only one type of objects and links. Some recent studies focused on heterogeneous information networks and yielded some research fruits, such as RankClus and NetClus. However, they often assumed that the heterogeneous information networks usually follow some simple schemas, such as bityped network schema or star network schema. To overcome the above limitations, we model the heterogeneous information network as a tensor without the restriction of network schema. Then, a tensor CP decomposition method is adapted to formulate the clustering problem in heterogeneous information networks. Further, we develop two stochastic gradient descent algorithms, namely, SGDClus and SOSClus, which lead to effective clustering multityped objects simultaneously. The experimental results on both synthetic datasets and real-world dataset have demonstrated that our proposed clustering framework can model heterogeneous information networks efficiently and outperform state-of-the-art clustering methods.
Antimicrobial Polyethylene through Melt Compounding with Quaternary Ammonium Salts
Authors: Rossetti Fernanda F. , Siegmann Konstantin , Köser Joachim , Wegner Irene , Keskin Ismail , Schlotterbeck Götz , Winkler Martin
Published: April 2017

Selected mono- and bicationic quats were compounded with polyethylene. The physicochemical surface properties, leaching behavior, and antibacterial activity of such modified samples were investigated. Contact angle measurements and fluorescein binding assays showed the presence of quaternary ammonium groups at the surface. After storing the samples in 50°C warm water for 30 days, several were still antimicrobially active. No correlation between the number of exposed N+ head groups after leaching and the antibacterial activity was observed. There is however a qualitative correlation of the antibacterial activity with the contact angles and surface concentrations of N+ before leaching/storing in warm water.
Relaxin Attenuates Contrast-Induced Human Proximal Tubular Epithelial Cell Apoptosis by Activation of the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway In Vitro
Authors: Xie Xiang-Cheng , Cao Yizhi , Yang Xiu , Xu Qun-Hong , Wei Wei , Wang Ming
Published: April 2017

Background. Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is one of the main causes of iatrogenic acute kidney injury (AKI); however, therapeutic strategies for AKI remain limited. This study aims to explore the effect of relaxin (RLX) on contrast-induced HK-2 apoptosis and its underlying mechanisms.Methods. Renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) were incubated either with or without ioversol, human H2 relaxin, and LY294002 (the inhibitor of the PI3K/Akt signal pathway). Cell viability was evaluated with a CCK-8 assay. Apoptotic morphologic alterations were observed using the Hoechst 33342 staining method. Apoptosis was detected with Annexin V staining. Western blot analysis was employed to measure the expression of pAkt (S473), Akt, cleaved caspase-3, Bcl-2, Bax, and actin proteins.Results. Ioversol reduced the viability of HK-2 cells. Western blotting results revealed decreased expression of phosphorylated Akt in cells treated with ioversol. The activities of caspase-3 and Bax protein increased, while the expression of Bcl-2 protein decreased. As a result, the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio increased after treatment with ioversol. These effects were reversed when HK-2 cells were cotreated with RLX. However, with preadministration of PI3K/Akt pathway inhibitor LY294002, the effect of RLX was blocked.Conclusion. Our study demonstrates that relaxin attenuates ioversol induced cell apoptosis via activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, suggesting that RLX might play a protective role in the treatment of CI-AKI.
Analysis and Testing of Load Characteristics for Rotary-Percussive Drilling of Lunar Rock Simulant with a Lunar Regolith Coring Bit
Authors: Li Peng , Zhang Hui , Jiang Shengyuan , Zhang Weiwei
Published: April 2017

Based on an optimized lunar regolith coring bit (LRCB) configuration, the load characteristics of rotary-percussive drilling of lunar rock simulant in a laboratory environment are analyzed to determine the effects of the drilling parameters (the rotational velocity, the penetration rate, and the percussion frequency) on the drilling load. The process of rotary drilling into lunar rock using an LRCB is modeled as an interaction between an elemental blade and the rock. The rock’s fracture mechanism during different stages of the percussive mechanism is analyzed to create a load forecasting model for the cutting and percussive fracturing of rock using an elemental blade. Finally, a model of the load on the LRCB is obtained from the analytic equation for the bit’s cutting blade distribution; experimental verification of the rotary-impact load characteristics for lunar rock simulant with different parameters is performed. The results show that the penetrations per revolution (PPR) are the primary parameter influencing the drilling load. When the PPR are fixed, increasing the percussion frequency reduces the drilling load on the rock. Additionally, the variation pattern of the drilling load of the bit is in agreement with that predicted by the theoretical model. This provides a research basis for subsequent optimization of the drilling procedure and online recognition of the drilling process.
A Severe Case of Lymphomatoid Papulosis Type E Successfully Treated with Interferon-Alfa 2a
Authors: Bilgiç Temel Aslı , Unal Betül , Erdi Şanlı Hatice , Duygulu Şeniz , Uzun Soner
Published: April 2017

Lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) is a benign papulonodular skin eruption with histologic features of malignant lymphoma. A new variant of LyP which was termed “type E” was recently described with similar clinical and histological features to angiocentric and angiodestructive T-cell lymphoma. LyP type E is characterized with recurrent papulonodular lesions which rapidly turn into hemorrhagic necrotic ulcers and spontaneous regression by leaving a scar. None of the available treatment modalities affects the natural course of LyP. For therapy various modalities have been used such as topical and systemic steroids, PUVA, methotrexate, bexarotene, and IFN alfa-2b. Here we present a severe and devastating case with a very rare variant of LyP type E, which is, to our knowledge, the first case successfully treated with IFN alfa-2a. Now disease has been maintaining its remission status for six months.
Diagnosis of Splenic Lymphoma by Endoscopic Ultrasound Guided Fine Needle Aspiration: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Darr Umar , Khan Zubair , Ali Khan Muhammad , Renno Anas , Alkully Turki , Kamal Sehrish , Hammad Tariq , Alastal Yaseen , Imran Khan Muhammad , Nawras Ali
Published: April 2017

Introduction. Splenic tumor is usually found as an incidental finding on CT of abdomen. Traditionally, ultrasound (US) or computed tomography (CT) guided biopsies were employed for the purpose of sampling; however they have been reported to have a complication rate of 5.3%. Endoscopic ultrasound-fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) has been recently utilized for the purpose of sampling splenic tumors. In literature there are 7 reported instances where splenic lymphoma was diagnosed using EUS-FNA. We present a case of follicular B cell lymphoma of the spleen diagnosed using EUS-FNA. Case Report. 58-year-old female presented to her primary care physician for left upper quadrant abdominal pain for one week. Physical exam was significant for left upper quadrant tenderness. Her laboratory tests were within normal limits. She underwent CT scan of abdomen which revealed approximately 5 cm × 5 cm mass in spleen. EUS-FNA of the spleen revealed a large hypoechoic, heterogeneous, well-demarcated mass measuring 54.7 mm × 43.0 mm. Fine needle aspiration was performed, and the sample was submitted for cytology and flow cytometry. Flow cytometry revealed a lambda monotypic population of B cells displaying dim CD19 and CD10. Diagnosis of B cell non-Hodgkin low grade follicular lymphoma was made. Conclusion. Endoscopic ultrasound with fine needle aspiration is a very rare but safe, reliable method of diagnosis of splenic lymphomas.
Shot Peening Effect on Fatigue Crack Repaired Weldments
Authors: Rodriguez-Sanchez J. Efrain , Rodriguez-Castellanos Alejandro , Perez-Guerrero Faustino
Published: April 2017

Fracture mechanics calculations are required to validate the safety level defined in design codes to prevent a fatigue failure. The periodic inspection-assessment cycle can lead to the implementation of a fatigue crack repair by crack removal. To improve the fatigue performance of the crack repair, residual compressive stresses induced by peening can be considered. This paper is in relation to the peening effect estimation on stress intensity factors in fatigue crack repaired weldments, since the stress intensity factor is a key parameter in fracture mechanics calculations. A set of T-butt specimens were experimentally fatigue tested and crack propagation data was gathered for the calculation of stress intensity factors. The experiments were designed to estimate the residual compressive stress depth layer and its effect on crack propagation inhibition. Experimental estimation of the peening effect on stress intensity factors in fatigue crack repaired weldments was validated by comparison against an analytical weight function solution. Experimental stress intensity factors determined from a set of fatigue tested T-butt specimens allowed estimating preliminarily that peening has a limited effect on fatigue crack propagation inhibition for edge repaired T-butt weldments subjected to bending loading.
Evaluation of the Complex Nomenclature of the Clinically and Veterinary Significant PathogenSalmonella
Authors: Ryan Michael P. , O’Dwyer Jean , Adley Catherine C.
Published: April 2017

Salmonellaencompasses a vast and highly related population of clinically and veterinary significant pathogens. The genus is responsible for an array of diseases such as typhoid fever and salmonellosis (a variety of illnesses including gastroenteritis), which cause public health issues globally. Even with the global recognition ofSalmonellaas a significant human and veterinary pathogen, the highly complex and evolving nomenclature system ofSalmonellais problematic for clinicians, veterinarians, and microbiologists to comprehend. The present paper offers a review of the ever developing nomenclature for this bacterial species.
A Meta-Analysis Comparing Postoperative Complications and Outcomes of Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Cataract Surgery versus Conventional Phacoemulsification for Cataract
Authors: Ye Zi , Li Zhaohui , He Shouzhi
Published: April 2017

Objective. This meta-analysis aimed to compare the outcomes and postoperative complications between femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) and conventional phacoemulsification cataract surgery (CPCS). Methods. Bibliographic databases, including PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library, were systematically searched for references on or before September 2015 regarding the outcomes and complications by FLACS or CPCS. Data on corneal endothelial cell loss, uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), refractive outcomes, and postoperative complications were retrieved. Results. A total of 9 trials were included in this analysis. Refractive outcomes (MD = −0.21, 95% CI: −0.39~0.03, P=0.02) were significantly improved after FLACS. Although corneal endothelial cell loss was not significantly reduced after FLACS, there was a trend towards lower corneal endothelial cell loss (mean difference (MD) = 197.82, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.66~392.97, P=0.05) after FLACS. There was no significant difference in UDVA (MD = −0.01, 95% CI: −0.13~0.10, P=0.80) or CDVA (MD = −0.03, 95% CI: 0.07~0.00, P=0.09) between the two surgeries. Elevated intraocular pressure and macular edema were most commonly developed complications after cataract surgery, and the incidence of these complications associated with the two surgeries was similar. Conclusion. Compared with CPCS, FLACS might achieve higher refractive stability and corneal endothelial cell count. Nevertheless, further study is needed to validate our findings.
Combined Treatment of a Gallbladder Volvulus with a Common Bile Duct Obstruction
Authors: Laydi M. , Charpentier K. , Paquette B. , Heyd B.
Published: April 2017

Gallbladder volvulus is a rare disease and can lead to an acute cholecystitis. We report the case of an elderly woman with a gallbladder volvulus, diagnosed at CT scan and treated by surgery and endoscopic sphincterotomy.
Using Factorial Design Methodology to Assess PLA-g-Ma and Henequen Microfibrillated Cellulose Content on the Mechanical Properties of Poly(lactic acid) Composites
Authors: Dzul-Cervantes M. , Herrera-Franco P. J. , Tábi T. , Valadez-Gonzalez A.
Published: April 2017

In this work, a 22 factorial design was used to study the effect of microfibrillated henequen cellulose fibers (HENCEL) and PLA-g-MA coupling agent contents on the tensile, flexural, and impact mechanical properties and the heat deflection temperature (HDT) of biodegradable PLA composites. The results show that the principal effects of HENCEL and MA are statistically significant for the tensile, flexural, HDT, and impact strength properties of PLA composites. Regarding the interactions between the principle effects, MA-HENCEL, there are differences with respect to the mechanical property; for example, for tensile and flexural mechanical properties, there is a synergistic effect between MA and HENCEL, whereas for HDT and impact strength there is not any. The micromechanical analysis shows an excellent agreement between the measured and the estimated values for both the composite tensile strength and the elastic modulus and only slight deviations were noticed for high microfibrillated cellulose fibers content. The morphological analysis via SEM indicated that the addition of PLA-g-MA improved the fiber-matrix adhesion because of the HENCEL unbounding and pull-out decreases from the PLA matrix. The use of appropriate values of matrix strength and stiffness and considering the improved fiber-matrix adhesion of the coupling agent yield a good agreement between experimental and estimated values.
Orthodontic Intervention to Impacted and Transposed Lower Canines
Authors: Kılıç Nihat , Oktay Hüsamettin
Published: April 2017

Impacted and transposed teeth cause serious difficulties in tooth eruption and movement as well as esthetic and functional outcomes. Proper treatment planning including good biomechanical control is essential in order to avoid side effects during traction and aligning of the impacted and/or transposed teeth. The purpose of the present study was to present a successfully treated female patient having transposed and impacted lower canines by means of a modified lingual arch and fixed orthodontic appliance. A female patient aged 13 years and 9 months presented to the orthodontic department with a chief compliant of bilateral spacing and missing teeth in mandibular dentition. After leveling and creating sufficient space in the mandibular arch for the canines, a modified lingual arch was cemented to the mandibular first molars. The lingual arch had two hooks extending to the distobuccal areas of the canine spaces. Elastic chains were applied between the hooks on the lingual arch and the ligatures tied to the attachments on the canine crowns. The light forces generated by elastic materials caused impacted canines to erupt and tend towards their own spaces in the dental arch. As a result, impacted and transposed lower canines were properly positioned in their spaces, and the treatment results were stable during the retention period.
The Role of Propolis in Oxidative Stress and Lipid Metabolism: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Mujica Verónica , Orrego Roxana , Pérez Jorge , Romero Paula , Ovalle Paz , Zúñiga-Hernández Jessica , Arredondo Miguel , Leiva Elba
Published: April 2017

Although there is evidence of the benefits of propolis on human health, the vast majority of studies have been conducted using animal models. The present study includes the chemical characterization and clinical evaluation of the effects of the oral administration of propolis solution on the oxidative status and modulation of lipids in a human population in Talca, Chile. Chemical characterization of propolis, total phenol, flavonoids, and total antioxidant capacity were determined by ORAC. Identification of phenols and flavonoids in propolis was assessed by HPLC‐DAD. A double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial was conducted. Subjects provided informed consent form and the Bioethics Committee of the Universidad de Talca approved protocol. Eligible subjects (n = 67) were randomized in two groups: propolis (n = 35) and placebo (n = 32). All subjects were evaluated at 0 (baseline), 45, and 90 days. In the propolis group, we observed that increases in HDL‐c went from 53.9 ± 11.9 to 65.8 ± 16.7 mg/dL (p < 0.001) from baseline to 90 days. Compared to placebo subjects, consumption of propolis induced a net increase in GSH levels (p < 0.0001) and a decrease (p < 0.001) in TBARS levels for the propolis group. Our findings indicate potential benefits of propolis use in human health. The use of propolis appears to have positive effects on oxidative status and improvement of HDL‐c, both of which contribute to a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease.
Fuzzy x- and s Control Charts: A Data-Adaptability and Human-Acceptance Approach
Authors: Shu Ming-Hung , Dang Dinh-Chien , Nguyen Thanh-Lam , Hsu Bi-Min , Phan Ngoc-Son
Published: April 2017

For sequentially monitoring and controlling average and variability of an online manufacturing process, x¯ and s control charts are widely utilized tools, whose constructions require the data to be real (precise) numbers. However, many quality characteristics in practice, such as surface roughness of optical lenses, have been long recorded as fuzzy data, in which the traditional x¯ and s charts have manifested some inaccessibility. Therefore, for well accommodating this fuzzy-data domain, this paper integrates fuzzy set theories to establish the fuzzy charts under a general variable-sample-size condition. First, the resolution-identity principle is exerted to erect the sample-statistics’ and control-limits’ fuzzy numbers (SSFNs and CLFNs), where the sample fuzzy data are unified and aggregated through statistical and nonlinear-programming manipulations. Then, the fuzzy-number ranking approach based on left and right integral index is brought to differentiate magnitude of fuzzy numbers and compare SSFNs and CLFNs pairwise. Thirdly, the fuzzy-logic alike reasoning is enacted to categorize process conditions with intermittent classifications between in control and out of control. Finally, a realistic example to control surface roughness on the turning process in producing optical lenses is illustrated to demonstrate their data-adaptability and human-acceptance of those integrated methodologies under fuzzy-data environments.
Reconfigurable Antenna for Jamming Mitigation of Legacy GPS Receivers
Authors: Şişman İsmail , Yeğin Korkut
Published: April 2017

We propose a simple solution for jamming mitigation of L1 band GPS by electronically switching antenna beam for wide and narrow beamwidths. Assuming the jamming signal is directed from low elevation angles, antenna reception can be made significantly lower at these angles by electronically reconfiguring the antenna beamwidth. Four-element antenna array and one of the elements of the array are designated as antijam (array) mode and normal mode of the antenna. The antenna is placed on a degenerate-ground with symmetric slots in the ground. Front-end configuration for this antenna is also discussed. Simulations and measurements are performed to validate the proposed design. The antenna achieves more than 15 dB rejection in measurements and more than 20 dB cross-polarization improvement compared to standalone (normal mode) antenna. The system can easily be replaced with existing active antenna to improve antijam capability of the receiver.
A Review of Antennas for Picosatellite Applications
Authors: Lokman Abdul Halim , Soh Ping Jack , Azemi Saidatul Norlyana , Lago Herwansyah , Podilchak Symon K. , Chalermwisutkul Suramate , Jamlos Mohd Faizal , Al-Hadi Azremi Abdullah , Akkaraekthalin Prayoot , Gao Steven
Published: April 2017

Cube Satellite (CubeSat) technology is an attractive emerging alternative to conventional satellites in radio astronomy, earth observation, weather forecasting, space research, and communications. Its size, however, poses a more challenging restriction on the circuitry and components as they are expected to be closely spaced and very power efficient. One of the main components that will require careful design for CubeSats is their antennas, as they are needed to be lightweight, small in size, and compact or deployable for larger antennas. This paper presents a review of antennas suitable for picosatellite applications. An overview of the applications of picosatellites will first be explained, prior to a discussion on their antenna requirements. Material and antenna topologies which have been used will be subsequently discussed prior to the presentation of several deployable configurations. Finally, a perspective and future research work on CubeSat antennas will be discussed in the conclusion.
Chemicals Compositions, Antioxidant and Anti‐Inflammatory Activity of Cynara scolymus Leaves Extracts, and Analysis of Major Bioactive Polyphenols by HPLC
Authors: Ben Salem Maryem , Affes Hanen , Athmouni Khaled , Ksouda Kamilia , Dhouibi Raouia , Sahnoun Zouheir , Hammami Serria , Zeghal Khaled Mounir
Published: April 2017

Objective. Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) was one of the plant remedies for primary health care. The present study was focused on the determination of chemical composition, antioxidant activities, and anti‐inflammatory activity and on analyzing its major bioactive polyphenols by HPLC. Methods. Artichoke Leaves Extracts (ALE) were analyzed for proximate analysis and phytochemical and antioxidant activity by several methods such as DDPH, ABTS, FRAP, and beta‐carotene bleaching test. The carrageenan (Carr) model induced paw oedema in order to investigate the anti‐inflammatory activity. Identification and quantification of bioactive polyphenols compounds were done by HPLC method. The oxidative stress parameters were determined; CAT, SOD, GSH, MDA, and AOPP activities and the histopathological examination were also performed. Results. It was noted that EtOH extract of ALE contained the highest phenolic, flavonoid, and tannin contents and the strongest antioxidants activities including DDPH (94.23%), ABTS (538.75 mmol), FRAP assay (542.62 umol), and β‐carotene bleaching (70.74%) compared to the other extracts of ALE. Administration of EtOH extract at dose 400 mg/kg/bw exhibited a maximum inhibition of inflammation induced by Carr for 3 and 5 hours compared to reference group Indomethacin (Indo). Conclusion. ALE displayed high potential as natural source of minerals and phytochemicals compounds with antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties.
Optimizing Shrinkage Curves and Application in Image Denoising
Authors: Deng Hongyao , Zhu Qingxin , Tao Jinsong , Song Xiuli
Published: April 2017

A shrinkage curve optimization is proposed for weighted nuclear norm minimization and is adapted to image denoising. The proposed optimization method employs a penalty function utilizing the difference between a latent matrix and its observation and uses odd polynomials to shrink the singular values of the observation matrix. As a result, the coefficients of polynomial characterize the shrinkage operator fully. Furthermore, the Frobenius norm of the penalty function is converted into the corresponding spectral norm, and thus the parameter optimization problem can be easily solved by using off‐and‐shelf plain least‐squares. In the practical application, the proposed denoising method does not work on the whole image at once, but rather a series of matrix termed Rank‐Ordered Similar Matrix (ROSM). Simulation results on 256 noisy images demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.
Comparison of Antidiabetic Medications during the Treatment of Atherosclerosis in T2DM Patients
Authors: Liu Xiaojie , Mei Tao , Chen Wei , Ye Shandong
Published: April 2017

Type 2 diabetes is often associated with arterial atherosclerosis in large blood vessels. We set out to elucidate whether commonly used antidiabetic drugs metformin, sitagliptin, and pioglitazone will reduce atherosclerosis in T2DM patients. We enrolled 176 individuals with type 2 diabetes, which were divided into four treatment groups according to different oral drugs: metformin alone, sitagliptin alone, pioglitazone alone, or combination of metformin and sitagliptin. We assessed changes in glycometabolism, lipid metabolism, cytokine released, and carotid artery intima-media thickness as the readout for improvement in atherosclerosis. HbA1c levels were significantly decreased in all treatment groups (p<0.05), and FBG levels were also decreased in metformin and combined groups (p<0.05). In addition, we found IL-6 levels significantly decreased in all treatment groups (p<0.05). Treatment with pioglitazone showed a significant increase in BMI, HDL, and ADPN levels (p<0.05). We also observed a significant decrease in NHDL levels in the combined treatment group (p<0.05). Our data revealed that in addition to hypoglycemic properties of metformin, sitagliptin, and pioglitazone, these drugs also have the potential to promote an anti-inflammatory response. Therefore, combination therapy may be more beneficial for reducing atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes. The clinical trial is registered with ChiCTR-ORC-17010835.
Failed TAVI in TAVI Implantation: TAVI Dislocation Followed by Ensuing Surgical Graft Resection
Authors: Novotný Róbert , Hlubocký Jaroslav , Kovárník Tomáš , Mitáš Petr , Hlubocka Zuzana , Rulíšek Jan , Gulmez Sevim Ismihan , Ghotra Shubjiwan Kaur , Lindner Jaroslav
Published: April 2017

We are presenting a case report of failed valve-in-valve treatment of severe aortic stenosis. A control ultrasonography after TAVI implantation revealed a severe aortic regurgitation of the graft which was subsequently unresolved with postimplantation dilatation. Second TAVI was implanted with cranial dislocation to the aortic root. Patient underwent a CT examination to clarify the TAVI in TAVI position. Patient underwent a surgical resection of TAVI with implantation of biological aortic valve prosthesis. In situations where TAVI treatment fails or is complicated beyond the possibility of endovascular repair, surgical intervention despite its higher risks is the preferred choice.
Preparation and Characterization of a Tumor-Targeting Dual-Image System Based on Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Functionalized with Folic Acid and Rhodamine
Authors: Ancira-Cortez Alejandra , Morales-Avila Enrique , Ocampo-García Blanca E. , González-Romero Carlos , Medina Luis A. , López-Téllez Gustavo , Cuevas-Yáñez Erick
Published: April 2017

Cancer is one of the diseases with most deaths worldwide, around 8.2 million annually. For this reason, several treatments and diagnostic tools have been investigated and developed over the past decades. Among them, a dual-image system has been developed to achieve and enhance the detection of cancer, which has not been done with systems currently available. The present study describes the preparation of a dual-image targeting system composed of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles functionalized with folic acid and rhodamine; nanoparticles synthesis was achieved by a coprecipitation method; the functionalization was carried out by a carbodiimide with folic acid and/or the rhodamine isothiocyanate; conjugates were characterized by spectrometric techniques; toxicity was measured by cell proliferation assay on HeLa cells using progressive concentrations of functionalized nanoparticles. Cellular uptake assay was carried out by competitive assay on HeLa cells. Iron oxide magnetite nanoparticles, modified with folic acid and rhodamine, were successfully synthetized with a particle size lower than 20 nm (TEM), EDS, HRTEM, and XDR showed highly crystalline Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Folic acid and rhodamine were conjugated with high efficiency. A significant selectivity and uptake, facilitated by surface modification of iron oxide nanoparticles with folic acid, were demonstrated. The multifunctional system showed suitable physicochemical and biological properties for cell targeting through folate receptors.
Rituximab Monotherapy in the Management of a Rare Case of an HIV Associated Lymphoproliferative Disorder
Authors: Hew Jason , Rana Fauzia , Zhou Louise
Published: April 2017

Background. Castleman’s disease (CD), also known as angiofollicular node hyperplasia, is a rare heterogenous lymphoproliferative disorder. This disease exists as two distinct entities: a localized or unicentric CD (UCD) which has a more benign clinical course and multicentric CD (MCD) which is a systemic disease and carries a worse prognosis. MCD is often associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and these patients are usually coinfected with human herpes virus-8 (HHV-8). Rituximab is an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody that has become integral to the management of this disease. It is used alone or in combination with chemotherapy to treat MCD. Case Report. We describe a case of a 58-year-old man with HIV and HHV-8 MCD and evidence of organ failure with a poor performance status that went into complete remission after four cycles of therapy with weekly rituximab. Conclusion. HIV-MCD can be challenging to diagnose and to manage. Early recognition can reduce morbidity and mortality associated with the disease. Rituximab monotherapy can be used as a safe and effective treatment option in patients with a poor performance status.
Seismic Performance of Steel Frames with Semirigid Connections
Authors: Faridmehr Iman , Tahir Mahmood Md. , Lahmer Tom , Osman Mohd Hanim
Published: April 2017

The nonlinear stiffness matrix method was incorporated to investigate the structural performance of steel portal frames with semirigid connections. A portal frame with unstiffened extended end-plate connection was designed to demonstrate the adequacy of the proposed method. Besides, the seismic performance of steel portal frames with semirigid connections was investigated through time history analysis where kinematic hysteresis model was assigned to semirigid connections to account for energy dissipation and unloading stiffness. Based on the results of the study, it was found that generally semirigid connections influenced the force distribution which resulted in the decrease in base shear and lighter frame compared to the rigid one. The results also indicated that there was no direct relationship between maximum displacement at the top and connection stiffness in high-rise frames.
The Clinical Values of Serum Markers in the Early Prediction of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Li Bo , Li Boan , Guo Tongsheng , Sun Zhiqiang , Li Xiaohan , Li Xiaoxi , Wang Han , Chen Weijiao , Chen Peng , Mao Yuanli
Published: April 2017

The early prediction values of diagnostic markers for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are still unclear at present. This study evaluated the prediction value of ten serum markers in HCC. A total of 109 cases of hepatic cirrhosis patients were followed up for 36 months and the relationship between the lifetime risk of developing HCC and levels of serum markers was analyzed. 31.2 (34/109) percent of hepatic cirrhosis patients developed HCC during the study’s timeframe. Higher alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), alpha-fetoprotein-L3 (AFP-L3), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and AFP-L3/AFP ratio levels are potential risk factors for malignization in hepatic cirrhosis patients (RR=2.99, 2.92, 2.72, and 2.34); serum Golgi protein 73 (GP73) level of hepatic cirrhosis patients decreased significantly after developing HCC (t=2.212;p=0.041). The detection of ALT, AFP, AFP-L3, and GP73 has a certain guiding significance to predict the risk of HCC in hepatic cirrhosis patients.
Comparative Study of Structural, Electrical, and Magnetic Behaviour of Ni-Cu-Zn Nanoferrites Sintered by Microwave and Conventional Techniques
Authors: Thangjam Biju , Soibam Ibetombi
Published: April 2017

Ni0.8-xCuxZn0.2Fe2O4 spinel type ferrite nanoparticles have been synthesized by citrate precursor method. These nanoparticles were then given heat treatment using microwave and conventional sintering techniques. Various characterizations using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), LCR meter, and B-H loop tracer were carried out on the sintered specimens. The XRD spectra of these ferrites confirmed the formation of spinel structure. The average crystallite size calculated using Scherrer’s formula was found to be in the nanometer range, its value varying from 33 nm to 39 nm. Microwave sintered samples exhibited superior electrical and magnetic behaviour over their conventionally sintered counterparts. Feasibility of low temperature synthesis and promising properties will render these ferrites suitable for multilayer chip inductor applications.
Effects of Different Operating Temperatures on the Tensile Properties of the Grid Plate Hardfaced with Colmonoy in a Pool Type Sodium Fast Reactor
Authors: Balaguru S. , Murali Vela , Chellapandi P.
Published: April 2017

In sodium-cooled fast reactors (SFRs), the grid plate is a critical component which is made of 316 L(N) SS. It is supported on a core support structure which is also made of 316 L(N) SS. This assembly is immersed in a pool of sodium which acts as a coolant. If there is a direct contact between the grid plate and the flange of core support structure, self-welding takes place between them at the high operating temperature of SFR by a thin sheet of liquid sodium which gets into the gap between them as this sodium acts as a metallic gum. To avoid self-welding, the bottom plate of the grid plate is hardfaced with Colmonoy 5 by PTAW so that the direct contact between those two components is avoided. Due to the difference in coefficients of thermal expansion between the base metal and the coating, the interface is subjected to tensile force which may weaken the bonding strength between them at higher temperatures. Therefore, the weldment should be able to withstand the tensile force at higher operating temperatures for which hot tensile properties of the base metal and the weldment have been determined to study the compatibility between them after hardfacing for the reliable operation of SFR.