bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Barriers to Mammographic Screening of Breast Cancer in Women: a Cross-sectional Study in Southeastern Iran
Authors: Dehghan Haghighi Javid , Hormozi Maryam , Sargolzaee Narjes , Izadirad Hossien , Hamdollahi Fateme
Published: March 2022

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in women in Iran and many other countries around the world. This cancer is the most critical cause of malignancy-related mortality in women. Early detection of breast cancer through mammographic screening of breast cancer greatly increases the chance of a successful treatment. This study aimed to explore the obstacles to mammographic screening of breast cancer in women.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 812 women over the age of 40 who had not undergone mammographic screening or had undergone it irregularly from three selected clinics in Zahedan in 2017. To this end, the researchers used a questionnaire which consisted of 17 questions to examine the barriers to mammographic screening of breast cancer.Results: The results of this study showed that the most common barriers to this test were the following: not having the symptoms of breast cancer (62.7%); mammography being performed by male staff (57.5%); the absence of this test as a priority and necessity of life (57.2%); examination being sufficient by a physician or healthcare providers for diagnosis of breast cancer (55.8%); and the embarrassment of getting naked during mammography (51.5%). Conclusion: Concerning the findings of this study, it has to be suggested first that mammography in the healthcare system should be performed by female staff. Second, health volunteers and local mass media, including provincial radio and television networks, can also play a major role in transferring educational materials to this target group.
Revisiting the Inscrutable Granular Cell Tumors in the Breast and Beyond: An Institutional Experience
Authors: Swamy Nayanatara , Jennings Patrick , Taylor Rachel , Harter Scott B , Kumarapeli Asangi R , Bryant-Smith Gwendolyn
Published: March 2022

Background: Granular cell tumors (GrCTs) are rare neoplasms derived from Schwann cells and can affect any part of the body. They are histologically categorized into benign (most common), atypical, or malignant (<2%) subtypes.Methods: A retrospective review of pathology-proven GrCTs at a tertiary hospital was done from 4/1/2014 to 3/31/2021. The patient age, gender, location of the tumor, and imaging findings were reviewed.Results: A total of 18 patients with GrCTs were found over a period of 7 years. The sites of involvement ranged from the tongue to the heel. The most common site of occurrence was the esophagus. There were 2 cases of recurrences and 2 cases of multicentric GrCTs. In our study, we did not have atypical or malignant GrCTs. Conclusion: Granular cell tumors are uncommon and primarily published as case reports and case series. Our seven-year review provides a comprehensive synopsis of this tumor in the breast and rest of the body. Their clinical and imaging features are non-characteristic, but histopathologic features with immunohistochemistry are diagnostic. Complete surgical excision with negative margins is the accepted standard of care. A global overview of this tumor will allow physicians to provide their patients with a better understanding of their diagnosis and prognosis.
ЗАСОБИ ФОРМУВАННЯ ВЕРБАЛЬНОЇ ПАРАДИГМИ АРХЕТИПНОГО СИМВОЛУ «ВОРОГ» У МЕДІАПРОСТОРІ
Authors: Mykytiv H.
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the study – analysis of the verbal paradigm of the archetypal symbol «enemy» in the media space of the Ukrainian National Information Agency «Ukrinform».

Methodology research. The following methods were used in the article: comparative-historical, synthesis and generalization to trace the origin of the definitions «symbol», «archetype», «archetypal symbol», their comparison and juxtaposition; descriptive method: methods of contextual analysis and interpretation, on the basis of which the archetypal symbol «enemy» is analyzed, the means of its verbalization, semantic and structural features in the media space are revealed; system analysis to identify the means of forming the verbal paradigm of the archetypal symbol "enemy".

Results. The problem of correlation of concepts «symbol», «archetype» and «archetypal symbol» is considered in the article; the means of formation of the verbal paradigm of the archetypal symbol of the «enemy» and its modifiers – figurative tokens-symbols are analyzed; described the lexical and semantic field of the archeological symbol «enemy»; outlined verbalizers that modify it; the verbal paradigm of the means of creating the archetypal symbol «enemy» in the modern media space is represented.

Novelty. The means of forming the verbal paradigm of the archetypal symbol «enemy» in modern media discourse were studied for the first time; outlined its lexical-semantic field and characteristic structure; It is proved that the means of verbalization of the archeological symbol «enemy» in the medical space of the Ukrainian National Information Agency «Ukrinform» are tokens to denote the form of attackers, aggressors, enemies.

The practical significance of the research results is that they can be used by authors of journalistic texts in the coverage of military events in eastern Ukraine to form an associative field of the archetypal symbol «enemy» in order to better understand the content of the information message.

Key words: archetypal symbol, symbol, archetype, symbolic meaning, image, paradigm, semantics, structure.
ДО ПРОБЛЕМИ ФОРМУВАННЯ МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНИХ ОРІЄНТИРІВ НАУКИ ПРО СОЦІАЛЬНІ КОМУНІКАЦІЇ
Authors: Bondarenko I.
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the article is to analyze the main methodological paradigms that have emerged in the world and Ukrainian science of communication.

Research methodology. The author, based on the methodology of comparative analysis, tries to outline the specifics of national programs for the development of the science of social communications. Studying the world experience of research the phenomena of mass communication and social communication technologies, the expert carries out a thorough review of the terminology of this academic project. Her attention is focused on the exact semantics and sources of origin of the terms that denote this field of knowledge – «communicative studies», «communicology», «science of social communications» («сommunication studies» / «communication sciences»). The method of meta-analysis allowed to reproduce the process of formation of the social communication approach in Ukrainian science.

Results. The article argues that the Ukrainian platform for the study of social communications is a modern and autonomous research strategy that integrates the achievements of the world humanities and the practice of scientific understanding of communication systems in the works of Ukrainian scholars.

Novelty. The article presents a critical understanding of the application of social engineering tools to the construction of social communication space of society. The research represents the dynamics of meaningful modifications of the «social engineering» concept in world science.

Practical significance. The study suggests that the status of social communications as an applied science automatically organizes all its methodological resources, focused on the design of communication systems and networks, optimization of existing social communication technologies, forecasting the possible negative consequences of their impact on society, constructing secure legal information space.

Key words: media technologies, methodology, latest media, social engineering, term system, communication science, social communications, communicative studies.
СОЦІАЛЬНА ДЕТЕРМІНАЦІЯ ТЕЛЕВІЗІЙНОЇ FASHION-ЖУРНАЛІСТИКИ
Authors: Suprun V.
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the research is analytical and synthetic study of the television representation of modern fashion journalism and its social impact on the mass audience.

Research methodology. The realization of the goal is possible due to general scientific (analysis and synthesis) and special scientific methods of journalism studies (descriptive, comparative), which together form the idea of television journalism of fashion of the XXI century.

Results. It was developed that modern television is a valid tool, which provides a full-scale understanding of certain fashion trends. Influencing factors of fashion and journalism together perform a formative function: to make a person a full-fledged member of society, with all its external manifestations and internal indicators. Therefore, the synthesized format of fashion journalism, assimilating the features of both industries, despite the entertaining nature of the content, has an important social impulse – it becomes not only a unifying construct in society, but also provides the opportunity to create together within a certain society. We have identified five main social functions performed by television fashion journalism: information-adaptational, social-grouping, social-balancing, social-worldview, social-educational.

Novelty. For the first time the social significance of fashion journalism, its influence on the mass audience in the projection on social and evolutionary progress is determined.

Practical significance. The conclusions obtained during the study will expand the idea of modern Ukrainian television fashion journalism, will shape the vision of its social mission. The obtained results can be used in scientific and educational practice, in publishing activities during the compilation of reference books on social communications.

Key words: fashion journalism, society, television content, mass audience.
«ХАОС» ТА «СКЛАДНІСТЬ» ЯК СИСТЕМАТИЧНІ ІНСТРУМЕНТИ ДЛЯ ВИВЧЕННЯ СУЧАСНОГО ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОГО ПРОСТОРУ
Authors: Zrazhevska N.
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the article is to update the application of such concepts as «chaos» and «complexity» for analyzing processes in the modern information space and to investigate the problems of chaos in the field of media messages, which is considered as a natural stage in the emancipation of consumers and media producers.

Research methods. In the analysis of this topic, the study use the idea and hypothesis of the theory of nonlinearity in the study of mass communication processes, as well as postmodern and post structural chaology in the understanding of the modern infosphere.

Results. We argue that the study of random and unpredictable processes in media can be configured using a methodological approach that uses «chaos» and «complexity» as systematic tools to explore the modern information space. The chaos in the media is also provoked by the shaping of the modern agenda, since the new communication paradigm offers more fragmented, concise, dramatic information, which in turn calls into question the sense of its significance. The article poses the following problems: how and why the selection system works, distortions in media messages, why no effective tool has yet been found to resist chaos in the media, and why it is impossible in principle to overcome chaotic processes both in the socio-cultural space and directly in the plane of media culture. The article examines chaos as an element of self-organization of media communication, as a result of which there is an impetus to new processes of development of the information space. We cannot deny the fact that chaos in the modern infosphere has gradually become an integral, component part of reality, since media culture has become a total force of modernity.

Novelty of the article lies in the fact that the analysis of chaotic elements in a message makes it possible to understand the nature of chaos in media communication, its role in the formation of everyday practices and, in general, in mass communications. Since the manipulative and propaganda side of mass communication is increasingly becoming the norm and value of new media, and manipulation and propaganda are intensified by the very chaos of events and messages about them, then in the analysis of the modern information space, attention should be focused on understanding and managing these processes.

The practical significance of the research results lies in the fact that they can be used in the process of analysing specific media messages in order to identify communicative noises or accidental (or intentional) connotations.
Key words: post-non-classical paradigm, chaos, complexity, unpredictability, media, info space, entropy, post-truth.
СОЦІАЛЬНОКОМУНІКАЦІЙНІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ РАДЯНСЬКИХ ПРАКТИК СОЦІАЛЬНОГО ІНЖИНІРИНГУ: РЕГІОЗНАВЧІ СТУДІЇ
Authors: Bondarenko I.
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the study. The article examines the unique experience of Ukrainian scientists in the field of scientific organization of labor / social engineering in the 20–30s. XX century. The object of the article is the grandiose construction of the Dnipro Hydroelectric Station during 1927–1932.

Research methodology. To analyze the communication technologies of social engineering, the author chose a broad factual basis, that is classified archival materials, which provided a real picture of the construction of the largest industrial facility in the USSR, and periodicals of the time. The researcher, based on the methods of historical-systemic, historical-comparative analysis and socio-communicative method of assessing historical facts, determines the real socio-economic and communication algorithms for stimulating the productivity of Soviet workers.

Results. The author convincingly proves that the achievements of the Ukrainian school of social engineering in the field of optimization of production and labor productivity, psycho-technical developments of Soviet scientists, in which the psychology and sociology of labor were innovatively studied, remained unclaimed.

Novelty. The article presents still unexplored facts of the agitation and propaganda departments activities regarding the ideological processing of public opinion of Dniprobud workers: mass and individual agitation, holding various events and festivals, propaganda in the mass media, in particular in the professional and production press.

Practical significance. The main conclusion of the study is the thesis that scientific organization of labor as a scientific and applied system of industrial development measures has gradually transformed into an ideological facade of socialist construction, thereby forming a solid foundation for utopian social engineering of the state.

Key words: agitation, industrialization, scientific organization of labor, social and communication technologies, social engineering, propaganda, labor productivity.
Effects of osteopathic techniques of balancing SEB and separating the front-ethmoid suture in children with narrow palate
Authors: Quesada B. M.
Published: March 2022

The use of the disjunction by dentists, to solve the problem of narrow palate, allows to maintain flexible tissues and permeable sutures. The opening of the palatal suture by means of the dental disjunction confers greater freedom of movement to the upper jaw and the palatine but given the close relationship of this bones with the vomer, the ethmoid and even the spheno-basilar synchondrosis, it is hypothesized that osteopathy could contribute not only to accelerate the process of disjunction, but also to avoid the recurrences of it. The maneuvers proposed here take into consideration the cranial structures that are in direct relation with the bony palate.The aim is to analyze whether the osteopathic maneuver of the balancing of the spheno-basilar synchondrosis and the front-ethmoidal separation influence the angle of the sella turcica, the joint angle and the distance between the central fossae in children with narrow palate who use a disjunction.A controlled, randomized, longitudinal and double-blind clinical trial was conducted; with experimental group and control group and two external evaluators. Measurements have been made prior to treatment, and after 45. It was shown that the two osteopathic maneuvers used were sufficient to cause significant increases in the angle of the sella turcica and the joint, and the distance between fossa and fossa of the first permanent molars. Osteopathic interventions were performed before placing the circuit breaker, 15 days and 35 days later.
Investigation of the osteopathic correction effectiveness in the treatment of pediatric patients with idiopathic scoliosis of the first degree
Authors: Kamaletdinov V. L. , Kamaletdinova O. V. , Safin R. F.
Published: March 2022

Introduction. Scoliosis is a symptom of scoliotic disease, which is a polyetiological disease characterized by a certain symptom complex of morphological and functional changes in the spine, chest and internal organs. The greatest detectability of the disease occurs at the age of 8–13, during the period of the intensive skeleton growth, and during this period the most dangerous feature of scoliosis manifests itself — its steady and rapid progression in every 3–4th child. Despite the successful development of orthopedics, the treatment of scoliotic disease still remains a rather difficult problem. Osteopathic correction can potentially complement existing treatment schemes and increase their effectiveness.The aim of the study is to substantiate the possibility of osteopathic correction in the treatment of pediatric patients with grade I idiopathic scoliosis.Materials and methods. A prospective randomized controlled trial enrolled 50 patients aged 4 to 11 years with grade I idiopathic scoliosis. The study participants were divided into two groups by simple randomization. The control group participants received standard orthopedic treatment, and the main group participants received osteopathic correction. The osteopathic status and the degree of spinal curvature were assessed at the beginning and at the end of the study.Results. Osteopathic correction of pediatric patients with grade I idiopathic scoliosis is accompanied by a decrease in the number of regional and local somatic dysfunctions and the frequency of detection of regional biomechanical disorders (p<0,05). The decrease of these indicators is more pronounced than in patients receiving standard orthopedic treatment (p<0,05). At the end of the treatment, there was a decrease in the Cobb angle in patients receiving osteopathic correction (from 7,3±0,8 to 4,2±0,8 degrees; M±m, p<0,05), and an increase of this indicator in patients who received standard therapy (from 7,0±0,7 to 9,1±1,4 degrees; M±m, p<0,05).Conclusion. The obtained results make it possible to consider the possibility of recommending of osteopathic correction for childhood patients with grade I idiopathic scoliosis.
Study of the combined use of osteopathic correction and EEG-biofeedback training in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Kudryashova V. G. , Chetverikova N. A.
Published: March 2022

Introduction. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is becoming more common in modern society being the most common behavioral disorder in childhood and adolescence. Drug treatment for ADHD is often associated with a number of potential adverse events. Recently, the method of ADHD correction under the control of electroencephalogram-dependent biofeedback (EEG-BFB trainings) has become very popular. Based on the complex nature of ADHD and based on the osteopathic concept of cranial bone mobility, it can be assumed that the combination of EEG-biofeedback training and osteopathic correction can achieve a greater effect in a shorter period of time than using only EEG-biofeedback trainings.The aim is to research the effectiveness of the combined use of osteopathic correction and EEG-BFB correction of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Materials and methods. The study involved 70 children aged 6–9 years, suffering from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Two groups were formed by the method of simple randomization: control and main. Participants in both groups received EEG-biofeedback trainings. The participants of the main group additionally received a course of osteopathic correction. Before and after the completion of the course of treatment, the osteopathic status of the participants, the number of behavioral disorders, indicators of the level of attention and concentration were assessed. The obtained results were analyzed by methods of nonparametric statistics.Results. The use of osteopathic correction in addition to EEG-biofeedback training in children with ADHD is accompanied by a statistically significant (p<0,05) decrease in the behavioral deviations amount, an increase of the attention span duration, a decrease of the detection frequency of regional disorders of the dura mater and local disorders of the spinal motion segment C0-I.Conclusion. The obtained results make it possible to recommend the inclusion of osteopathic correction in the complex therapy of primary school children suffering from ADHD.
Age-related and sexual features of the mobility of the temporomandibular joints
Authors: Kryukov E. R. , Potekhina Yu. P. , Vdovina L. V. , Kournikova A. A.
Published: March 2022

Introduction.Pathology of the temporomandibular joints (TMJ) is widespread even among young people, and the frequency of its occurrence increases with the age of patients. In this case, there is violated one of the main characteristics of the joints — mobility, which is measured by the mouth opening width (MOW). There is not enough information in the literature on the age and sex characteristics of the TMJ mobility in individuals without pathology of this joint.The aimof the study is to research the mobility of the TMJ in different age groups in men and women without pathology of this joint.Materials and methods.There were examined 714 patients who applied for dental care, aged 20 to 79 years (504 women and 210 men), without pathology of the TMJ. The range of motion in the TMJ was measured using a caliper with thin lips during the opening of the mouth in a neutral head position. The subjects were divided into age groups: 20–29, 30–39, 40–49, 50–59, 60–69 and 70–79 years old.Results.It was found that the most common MOW value was 4,9 cm (range from 4,5 to 5,2 cm). A distribution of relative frequencies corresponding to the normal Gaussian distribution was observed for this indicator. The mobility of the TMJ changed little with age. Analysis of the distribution of temporomandibular joint mobility by age groups of patients with a step of 10 years showed the similarity of the average MOW values in all groups of subjects, except for the group of 20–29 years. Their average values (4,75 cm) were lower than those of the other groups (4,9 cm,p<0,05). It was found that men have a higher mobility of the TMJ compared to women in all age groups (on average by 0,28 cm,p<0,05).Conclusion.Mouth opening widths of 4,6 to 5,2 cm (average 4,9 cm) can be considered as normal. TMJ mobility is not related to age. Consequently, a decrease in the mobility of the TMJ in persons of older age groups cannot be considered as normal age-related changes. TMJ mobility depends on sex. Men have higher TMJ mobility than women in all age groups. Thus, the TMJ differ from other joints not only in their complexity (two joints always work together), but also in age and sex patterns of mobility.
Researching the Impact of Financial Innovations on the Main Financial Indicators of Ukraine
Authors:   Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Blahun S. I.
Published: March 2022

The article researches the impact of financial innovation on the yield of government bonds based on the models of ARCH family, it is proved that the introduction of financial innovations affects government bonds. It is determined that the dynamics of volatility of many financial variables is subordinated to stable regularities. The traditional pricing model for capital assets and its dynamic modification indicate a proportional relationship between the expected over-delivery of the market portfolio and its conditional standard deviation. The ARCH model is a natural instrument for studying this problem in a dynamic context where the conditional dispersion changes over time. The results confirm the influence of the exogenous factor of diffusion of financial innovations on the yield of government bonds of market participants in all cases. So, for the government bond yield curves, there is a significant possibility of forecasting. This is a very important issue in terms of active bond trading and taking into account the risk management of the loan portfolio. The influence of information flows and messages to financial markets regarding the behavior of the rates of two main foreign currencies, namely: the Euro and the US dollar, is researched. It is determined that there is a significant influence with the introduction of financial innovation along with information of market participants on exchange rates, which is expressed by the diffusion coefficient during the period of time chosen by diffusion. It is proved that the diffusion coefficient has a significant impact on market participants in terms of average profitability and historical volatility, it is also researched that the introduction of financial innovations reduces the displacement of model coefficients and volatility. The methodology presented in this publication can be used to compare different classes of assets, indices, and financial innovations.
A Model Circular Economy as a Trend of Sustainable Development
Authors:   Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Blahun I. S.
Published: March 2022

The article presents the advantages of implementing the conception of circular economy (CE), which are not limited to reducing pressure on natural systems, but are based on economic benefits associated with the creation of new jobs, increasing labor productivity, and increasing the competitiveness of the economy. In the course of the study, the author proves that the effective implementation of the conception of circular economy should rely on simultaneous consideration of both perspectives: taking measures by enterprises and implementing at both the political and social levels. Enterprises will only implement environmental methods if it provides them with economic benefits. However, without the support of initiative in the top-down direction (for example, grants and tax incentives), aimed at limiting the use of raw materials, limiting emissions and pollution, there will be no permanent closure of the cycle of material flows. The implementation of the conception of circular economy is based on the so-called 3R (recycle, reuse, reduce). The author analyzes the principles of circular economy, namely: preservation and increase of natural capital by controlling limited reserves and balancing the flows of renewable resources; optimizing the use of resources through the circulation of products, components and materials used with the highest utility in both the technical and biological cycle; maintaining the efficiency of the system by identifying and projecting negative external effects. The developed conceptual model provides for a balance between «top-down» and «bottom-up» approaches, taking into account (not limiting) the disparities in the motivation of different stakeholders of the CE conception in the context of harmonization of economic, environmental and social benefits. The development of sustainable business models is associated with ecodesign, as well as with reverse supply chains. The carried out research can become the basis for further empirical research and provide assistance to decision makers in creating different scenarios by including more specific and industry-specific variables.
Economic Diagnostics as an Instrument for Regulating the Regional Consumer Goods Market
Authors:   Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics, Proskurnina N. V. , Beliavtseva V. V. ,   Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics, Husakova O. O. ,   Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics
Published: March 2022

The article is aimed at studying economic diagnostics as an instrument for regulating the regional consumer market of goods. It is determined that the potential of the regional market of consumer goods consists of the following subsystems: organizational, innovative and software. In the context of these subsystems, a number of directions for analyzing and improving the development of the consumer goods market are generalized. The authors analyze the modern approaches of various scholars to economic diagnostics of the regional consumer market. Based on the analysis of scientific approaches to determining the essence of the concept of «economic diagnostics», the article formulates its own definition of this concept, which discloses economic diagnostics as a comprehensive analytical process for assessing all areas of functioning of the economic system, taking into account the specific signs of its state and development, aimed at minimizing the influence of uncertainty factors and achieving the maximum possible economic effect. A range of main tasks and results expected after the economic diagnosis of the regional consumer goods market is generalized, the list of which depends on the depth and completeness of the research, the available information base and a number of other factors. The specifics of the issue of carrying out economic diagnostics of the regional consumer market of goods are considered. Based on the results of the study, a scheme for carrying out economic diagnostics of the state of the regional consumer goods market in the context of three subsystems (organizational, innovative, software) and stages (preparatory, basic, and final) is proposed, which allows to determine the degree of market balance; indicate current trends; identify and evaluate existing problems, causes of their occurrence and potential opportunities for improving the activities of the regional consumer goods market.
Analyzing the State of the Agricultural Land Market in the World and in Ukraine
Authors:   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Komlieva M. A. , Chala T. G. ,   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
Published: March 2022

The article is aimed at studying the international experience of using indices relating to agricultural markets; identifying global trends in the value of agricultural land in different world countries; analyzing the state of the agricultural land market in Ukraine since its opening. It is determined that at the international level a number of indices are being calculated, allowing to obtain assessments of both the state and the trends in the development of agricultural markets. Among them are The Indxx Global Agriculture Index (IGAI); FAO Food Price Index (FFPI); Global Farmland Index offered by Savills. It is determined that the Global Farmland Index Savills is calculated according to the average cost of agricultural land/arable land in US dollars per hectare in 15 key agricultural land markets – Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Great Britain, Denmark, Ireland, Canada, Germany, New Zealand, Poland, Romania, USA, Hungary, Uruguay, and France. The basis for comparison are the value of the year of 2002 (2002 = 100). Analysis of the agricultural land market in 15 countries showed that the highest land prices are in Germany, New Zealand, Ireland, the United Kingdom and Denmark – more than 20 thousand USD per hectare. The lowest land prices are observed in South America, as well as in Hungary and Romania. When analyzing the state of the agricultural land market since its opening on July 1, 2021, Ukraine indicates a constant increase in the number of land operations, an increase in the volume of land sold and a decrease in the weighted average value of land.
Assessing the Foreign Economic Activity of Enterprise: The Competitive Advantages and Government Regulation
Authors:   Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics, Shtal T. V. , Zakharenko I. V. ,   Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics
Published: March 2022

The publication analyzes Ukraine’s cooperation with the European, American and Japanese markets, which plays an important role in the current conditions of development of foreign economic activity. Strategic directions of the State-based aid for the development of enterprises in Ukraine are substantiated, namely their managerial and financial aspects. This proves that the sphere of entrepreneurship, like any other social activity, is influenced by the regulatory policy on the part of the State. The relevance of the topic under consideration is that the integration of a naional economy into the world economy, which is currently a priority direction for Ukraine, should be carried out with the help of effective and sometimes innovative means of international cooperation. It should be noted that the substantiated position of managing the foreign economic activity of enterprises should be considered as a significant factor in improving the efficiency of economic activity both at the level of individual economic organizations and at the level of the country. Management of foreign economic relations of any contemporary country, as well as enterprises, is in a certain sense an integral part of both the world economy and the international economic relations. In view of this, the peculiarities, basic principles and methods of managing the foreign economic activity of Ukrainian enterprises are identified. The factors of internal and external environment, influencing the provision of foreign economic activity of enterprises are studied, their peculiarities are defined. The factors that limit business development opportunities in the Ukrainian and international markets are highlighted. Methods of ensuring foreign economic activity are proposed to use favorable opportunities as to maximizing the efficiency of enterprises, as well as to ensure the activation of processes of foreign economic activity.
The Factors of Canada’s Immigration Attractiveness
Authors:   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Izium A. O. , Shuba M. V. ,   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
Published: March 2022

The article is aimed at defining the main factors of Canada’s immigration attractiveness. The article presents the dynamics of the number of immigrants living in Canada during the 1990-2020 years, the dynamics of immigration to Canada, the main countries of origin of immigrants, as well as the change in the percentage of persons born abroad in the total population of Canada. It is determined that the Canadian migration system is based on the priority of attracting human capital to the country, and most Canadian immigrants are selected according to the points system, which accepts people with the skills that will contribute to the development of the economy. The main programs under which Canada accepts migrants for permanent residence are considered: express entry, provincial program, family migration program, visa program for startups, carers program. The dynamics of average hourly wages in Canada, dynamics of consumer price index are provided. For the period 2010-2020 consumer price index in Canada grew moderately, which is comfortable for both consumers and entrepreneurs. Also Canada’s position in international rankings influencing the choice of the country of residence by migrants is studied. Thus, in 2021, Canada took the twentieth place in the ranking according to the Quality of Life Index; 6th place – according to the Social Progress Index and the Prosperity Index, tenth place – according to the Global Peace Index. Canada ranked 16th in the latest Human Development Index. According to the Migrant Integration Policy Index in 2020, Canada has become the fourth country in the world with the best immigration policy. The main factors of Canada’s immigration attractiveness are defined, among which can be highlighted the following: liberal migration policy; high GDP per capita; rising average wage rates and a low inflation; consistently high positions in the world rankings, which are important indicators of the level of development of the country and comfortable life.
World Experience in Managing Social Protection
Authors:   O. M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Kondratenko N. O. , Mushchynska N. Y. ,   O. M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv
Published: March 2022

The article is concerned with studying the world experience in managing social protection of the population. The concept of «social protection», the formation of priorities for managing the social protection system from the standpoint of international organizations, and a description of social policy models that characterize the system of social protection of the population and the definition of certain recommendations for Ukraine are defined. It is specified that Ukraine lacks in legislative definitions while showing a certain disorder of legislative use of the terms of «social protection» and «social security». It is noted that there are still some disagreements as to the main purpose of social protection. That is, each country (organization, politician, etc.), forming the priorities of the social protection system, must decide what is the most important and significant at the very moment. A critical analysis of existing theories and practices of social protection management of the population was carried out; the main empirical approaches to the construction and management of the social protection system used by international organizations are determined. The models of social policy are classified in the studies of domestic and foreign scholars taking into account the following criteria (subject of responsibility, purpose/priority of social protection, political basis, social protection instruments, typical countries) and conclusions about the implementation of these models in Ukraine are drawn. It is also concluded that the situation in Ukraine, as in many countries of the world, is characterized by a number of programs that have appeared in recent years and provide a certain degree of protection, but do not have a legal substantiation. Such initiatives cannot be considered as proposals of the same amount and scope based on the law, because they do not establish legal rights or rights to be exercised. At the same time, they play an important role in improving the situation of those who benefit from them
The Role of e-Business in the Development of the National Economy
Authors:   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Verbivska L. V.
Published: March 2022

The introduction of modern information and digital technologies gradually changes the conditions for the functioning of society, affecting virtually all aspects of its development. E-business as a direction of economic activity today is actively developing all over the world. A special impetus to its development was made by the COVID-19 pandemic and the extremely rapid development of these technologies in the sphere of payments, sales, marketing, etc. Precisely this situation actualizes the issue of in-depth study of the peculiarities of the development of e-business, its role in the development of the national economy. The development of e-business is determined by various factors, the main among which is the level of development of information and communication technologies in the country. That is to say their use allows to form new impulses for the development of the national economy, creation of new sectors of the economy, new markets for goods and services. Thus, the article identifies two dimensions of the description of the interaction between the e-business system and the national economy, namely: the measurement of exogenous impact – the impact of e-business on economic processes within the national economy system, and the measurement of endogenous influence – the influence of macroeconomic factors on the development of e-business, its development in an open, stochastic environment where other economic systems operate as well. Taking into account the results obtained, it is determined that the further introduction of information and communication technologies is an inevitable process that will actively take place in the future, which will contribute to the development of e-business, certain sectors of the economy in which these technologies are already actively used for entrepreneurial activity. Accordingly, the role of e-business in the development of the economy will grow, which requires the development of measures to activate economic activity in this sphere.
E-business as the Most Prospective Form of Enterprise Development During the Globalization Transformations
Authors:   Odesa Polytechnic National University, Hutareva Y. V. , Dobrovolska A. Y. ,   Odesa Polytechnic National University
Published: March 2022

Events in the global economy have changed the traditional balance between customer and supplier. Without a well-designed business model, innovators will be able to neither provide nor gain value from their innovations. Globalization takes on a different dimension in business. In particular, changes in the external environment have a big impact on the further development and competitiveness of enterprise. This is especially relevant for online trading companies, where creating revenue streams often causes the most inconvenience due to the customers’ expectations that basic services should be free. The business community has changed radically with the advent of the Internet as a means of communication and commerce. The Internet is forcing many companies to rethink their distribution strategies, if not all business models. The Internet can be used as an additional channel through which enterprises communicate and trade with customers (business-consumer, B2C), as well as with suppliers and partners (business-business, B2B). The Internet and related technologies such as intranet and extranet also help organizations improve the efficiency of their internal processes. From a business perspective, the Internet has had a profound impact on how firms operate, how they communicate with other firms, what products they produce, how they deliver products and services, and how they seek competitive advantage. E-business differs in volume and type of activity. The entire supply chain of many industries has been radically changed with the development of the Internet and related technologies. Now most organizations have a website that is used to promote business activities or market their products and services. More and more traditional firms are creating their own websites for e-business and e-commerce and offering an additional sales channel for their customers. The development and maintenance of network infrastructure is an important industry branch for ensuring high-quality access to Internet services and represents one of the largest and most complex organizations in the world.
Digital Transformation of the Logistics Management System of Agrarian Enterprises
Authors:   Lviv National Agrarian University, Hnatyshyn L. B. , Trushkina N. V. ,   Institute of Industrial Economics of NAS of Ukraine
Published: March 2022

At the present stage of transformational changes, the issues of managing logistic activities in the management system of agrarian enterprises appear extremely important. And especially these issues are actualized in the context of the rapid development of the digital economy. In view of this, the purpose of the presented research is further development of theoretical and methodological provisions, the development of scientific and methodological approaches and also practical recommendations for enhancing the efficiency of logistics management of business entities in the agro-industrial complex, taking into account the peculiarities of digitalization of business processes. The article provides statistical analysis of indicators characterizing the level of use of information and communication technologies in the organization of logistic activities at Ukrainian enterprises of the processing industry. The key barriers that hinder the digital transformation of logistic activities of agrarian enterprises, which are conditionally classified into 7 groups: institutional, market, transport, marketing, information, organizational, financial, and economic, are identified. The expediency of applying an integrated approach to the management of logistic activities of agrarian enterprises in the digital economy is substantiated. A digital strategy for the transformation of the logistics management system of agrarian enterprises is proposed, the implementation of which will allow to obtain a synergistic effect, including the economic, social and environmental effects.
Service Exportation: The Effects in the Youth Labor Market and its Implications toward Economic Growth
Authors: Battad Sofia Gabrielle , Bautista Charles Edrian , Pigao Kevin Jamir F.
Published: March 2022

The dawn of the digital economy has approached the Philippines through the transformation of the service trade in the labor market. The study analyzed and observed a 30-year time series of the relationship between the country’s service exports, productivity, and youth unemployment rate towards the end goal of economic growth. The young IT-BPO industry is now the country’s most significant contributor to GDP, outpacing the manufacturing industry with more than 5% growth each year. Service exports play a big role in how the country is positioned in the future, and the study has seen a significant relationship between the GDP which proves to show that policy improvements, market openness, ICT infrastructure and capital expansion within these variables could help the country improve its unemployment rate and share on the global market.
Local People’s Perceptions of Changing Ecosystem Services in Baroro River Watershed, Philippines
Authors:   Resources, Environment and Economics Center for Studies (REECS), Quezon City, Philippines.  Email: mark.ramirez@reecs.co, Ramirez Mark Anthony M. , Pulhin Juan M. ,   College of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of the Philippines at Los Baños (CFNR-UPLB), College, Laguna, Philippines. Email: jmpulhin@up.edu.ph, Inoue Makoto ,   Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, Shinjuku City, Tokyo, Japan.  Email: makinoue@waseda.jp
Published: March 2022

Establishing the status of ecosystem services entails knowing the connection between humans and nature, since the ability of a landscape to generate ecosystem services depends largely on how it is being managed. Using the framework of livelihood, income, forest condition and ecosystem services (LIFE) and place of residence, this paper aims to understand the relationship between the local people’s perceptions and ecosystem services at a given point of time. An upstream and a midstream village were selected in a watershed in Northern Philippines as a case where land use conversion, from forest to agriculture, has taken place at various time periods, to different extents, and where ecosystem services are crucial to production activities. This paper is to contribute to the limited literature on ecosystem services in the Philippines using the historical perspective of the local people. The results strongly indicate that the local people’s perceptions regarding ecosystem services are consistent with land use and land cover (LULC) changes that happened in the past. Livelihood, place of residence and, to some extent, income can become good predictors of the status of ecosystem services that can be harnessed for targeted interventions in the future.