bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
As políticas de propriedade intelectual das organizações internacionais de normalização
Authors: Zibetti Fabiola Wust , Alves Paulo Roberto Ramos
Published: April 2024

As normas técnicas internacionais são padrões com reconhecimento internacional que são criados com o propósito de assegurar que os produtos e serviços sejam seguros, confiáveis e de alta qualidade, servindo de referência para as normas e regulamentos técnicos nacionais. No entanto, se os países optam por utilizar as normas técnicas internacionais para estabelecer suas normas e regulamentos técnicos domésticos, e as normas internacionais se encontram revestidas de direitos de propriedade intelectual – que são direitos exclusivos privados -, a efetiva aplicação das normas internacionais no plano nacional depende da licença dos titulares desses direitos, nos termos e condições por eles impostos. Nesse sentido, se os titulares de direitos não estão dispostos a conceder licenças em termos justos, razoáveis e não discriminatórios (FRAND), ou se recusem a conferir tal autorização de uso da tecnologia, os usuários das normas encontram dificuldades ou, ainda, ficam impossibilitados de utilizar uma determinada norma técnica internacional. Considerando a complexidade que esta situação gera para a adoção de normas técnicas internacionais, este estudo tem como objetivo analisar as políticas de propriedade intelectual – em matéria de patentes, programas de computador e marcas - dos organismos internacionais de normalização técnica, observando as medidas aplicadas com o propósito de fomentar a adequada adoção das normas técnicas internacionais que incorporam tecnologias protegidas por direitos de propriedade intelectual em suas especificações técnicas.
Comparative Effect of Augmented Reality and Routine Physical Therapy on Balance and Postural Control in Patients with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Ahmad Akasha , Saghir Mehwish , Shafiq Iqra , Bashir Taliah , Arshad Saman , Khan Usama Ahmad
Published: April 2024

Background: Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative condition that often manifests in old age with generalized slowness of movements (bradykinesia) and a minimum of one additional symptom of tremor at rest or stiffness. Objective: The purpose is to compare the effects of Augmented Reality and Routine Physical Therapy on balance and Postural Control in Patients with Parkinson's disease. Methodology: It was a randomized clinical trial done in the Neuro medicine and physiotherapy department of Allied Hospital, Faisalabad. A sample size of 62 patients was divided into two equal groups. Patients in Group A had conventional physiotherapy, while those in Group B received augmented reality and conventional physiotherapy. Non probability sampling technique was used. Data was collected on the baseline and then data was collected after 8th weeks, and final data was collected after 12th weeks. Tools for collection of data were the Berg balance scale, timed up and go, and one leg stance test. Results: An Independent sample t-test was used to check the difference between groups in pre and post intervention which shows the statistical difference in both groups after the 8th and 12th weeks of treatment. However, mean differences show that group B has more good results. Repeated measure analysis of variance also shows that there is a significant difference between treatment groups in the within-group analysis. Conclusion: Our study concludes that an augmented reality regimen along with physiotherapy is beneficial for Parkinson’s patients to improve balance and postural control.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Isolation Precautions in Controlling the Spread of Multidrug-Resistant Organisms in Hospitals: A meta-analysis
Authors: Ayyashi Mohammed Ali Hussain , Alshahrani Musaad Mohammed Saeed , Alkhathami Omar Hamed , Madkhali Hamad Ali Mohammed , Moafa Zohoor Mosa Ali , Qadri Abdulrahman Yahya Yahya , Alareshi Abdulaziz Ali Yuseif , Alamir Abdullah Mohammed
Published: April 2024

In this meta-analysis, we evaluated the effectiveness of isolation precautions in preventing the spread of Multidrug-Resistant Organisms (MDROs) in hospital settings, focusing on contact precautions, use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), and cohorting of patients. Through a comprehensive literature search, 48 studies were included, highlighting the significant role these measures play in mitigating MDRO transmission. Findings demonstrate that isolation precautions, particularly contact precautions and PPE usage, significantly reduce MRSA and VRE transmission rates. Cohorting patients also proves effective, especially during outbreaks. This study underscores the importance of implementing stringent, evidence-based isolation precautions across healthcare settings to enhance patient safety and healthcare quality. The results advocate for continuous education, adherence monitoring, and tailored infection control strategies to address the dynamic challenges of MDROs in healthcare environments.
Predatory arthropods recorded in soybean under control methods for lepidopteran pests
Authors: Santos Bruno da Silva , Massarolli Angélica , Carvalho Gabriel dos Santos , Santos Talyne Mendes dos , Brugnera Ricardo , Pereira Mônica Josene Barbosa
Published: April 2024

In Brazil, soybeans are one of the most widely cultivated agricultural crops, as they are an important product for exports. However, this crop can be affected by phytosanitary problems, such as the caterpillar complex. Control of these lepidopteran pests is carried out mainly through the use of insecticides. In addition to this control method, there is the occurrence of natural enemies, such as predatory arthropods, which act in natural pest control. However, the control method used to regulate the insect pest population can directly influence the population of these natural agents. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the occurrence of predatory arthropods in soybean cultivation under control methods for lepidopteran pests. The experiment was conducted during the 2018/2019 soybean harvest on a farm, located in the municipality of Tangará da Serra, Mato Grosso, Brazil. The experimental design adopted was in randomized blocks, consisting of three treatments and four replications, namely: biological control - release of 100 thousand wasps/hectare of parasitoid; chemical control with insecticide, based on IPM precepts; and the control - no control of lepidopteran pests. The predominant arthropod predators in the collections were spiders, followed by insects. It was observed that there was no significant difference in the abundance and richness of predators between the treatments, that is, the treatments did not influence the population of predatory arthropods. The spider families Oxyopidae, Theridiidae and Salticidae were predominant in the collections, while in the insect group, the Reduviidae family was the most common.
A Philosophical Rationalization of Initiative-Democracy and Covenant-based Authority as Inspired by Igbo Non-Philosophy
Authors:   Department of Philosophy, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Njoku Francis O. C.
Published: April 2024

The paper studies some aspects of the Igbo non-philosophy, which include elements such as cosmology, myth, language, culture, belief system, folklore, and so on which, though not philosophy, can offer materials for philosophical reflection. It then goes ahead to conceptualize ‘initiative-democracy’ and ‘covenant-based authority’ as implicit in Igbo non-philosophy. By making explicit what is implicit in Igbo non-philosophy, the author hopes to offer some grounds for answering the question of why political centralization was/is resisted in Igbo society. Initiative-democracy is a form of social structure, while covenant-based authority is a an ordered or prescriptive way of securing the well-being of persons and communities. Both social engagements, as existential and dispositional attitudes, will foreground the organization of human affairs within the Igbo environment of occurrence. The Igbo are a people for whom reality is hugely encountered from the standpoint of process; hence, one thinks they are primarily inclined to abhor a centralized system of control. The method of hermeneutics is adopted in this study to reveal the philosophy hidden in the non-philosophical corpus of some aspects of Igbo life.
The Symbolism of the Pre-Colonial Concept of Anikanmadu among the Ibusa People of Aniomaland
Authors:   Department of History and International Studies University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria, Nwaokocha Odigwe A.
Published: April 2024

This work attempts a deep exploration of the concept of anikanmadu among the Ibusa people of Aniomaland, an Igbo group, who inhabit a section of the western bank of the Niger. While considerable scholarly attention has gone into studying ani, the earth goddess, a powerful deity all over Igboland, the political connotation of ani (land) as the community has not received much consideration. The current paper focuses on understanding ani as a political force akin to the state by employing the pre-colonial Ibusa political order as a case study. The study focuses on locating and discussing political power relations within the community by exploring the deeper political meaning of the importance of the state being greater than the individual. While noting that ani occupies a unique position in Igbo cosmology and greatly influences behaviour, this work explores the more profound significance of ani, representing the community as a kind of leviathan that towers above all in society and commands the respect of all. Focusing on the pre-colonial Ibusa community and using primary sources, this work also explores the anikanmadu group as a vital political organ that operated nocturnally and clandestinely while enforcing the will of the community in a way that demonstrated the supremacy of the community over all individuals. The work concludes that the concept of anikanmadu that underlays the secret executive organ, also known as anikanmadu, was instrumental in maintaining the oneness, well-being, and sovereignty of the community while ensuring that societal rules and laws were applied enforced and sanctions placed on recalcitrant members of the community.
Exploring the Oga Political Institution in Oko, Western Igboland, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of History and International Studies, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria, Iweze Daniel Olisa
Published: April 2024

This paper examines the Oga institution as a parallel political system to the male political power among the Oko people. The study outlines the fluidity of gender roles of the Oga who despite being a woman enjoyed all the political rights and privileges of a king. The Oga assumed male roles such as marrying a wife and raising a family. Against this background, this study seeks to provide answers to several questions including the origin of the Oga institution in Oko and why it was created as well as its functions in society. It also explores the power relationships between the Oga institution and other women’s organisations such as the Umuada (daughters of the lineage) and Onowu Nwanyi or Isi-Ada, (the oldest woman) the Ndi Iyemedi (married women/wives group) and spiritual forces, rituals, and deities. Data were drawn from oral sources and a close reading of extant literature was undertaken.
PENGARUH KUALITAS SISTEM, KUALITAS INFORMASI KUALITAS SISTEM INFORMASI, KUALITAS LAYANAN INFORMASI, PERSEPSI KEMUDAHAN PENGGUNA, PERCEIVED USEFULNESS, DUKUNGAN TOP MANAGER, COMPUTER SELF-EFFICACY DAN KEMAMPUAN TEKNIS PERSONAL SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI TE
Authors: Anggraini Lila , Fitrios Ruhul
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Pengaruh Kualitas Sistem Informasi, Kualitas Layanan Informasi, Perceived Usefulness, Dukungan Top Manager, Dan Kemampuan Teknis Personal Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Terhadap Kepuasan Pengguna Sistem Informasi Akuntansi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini senamak 21.145 UMKM Kota Pekanbaru. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Penentuan sampel menggunakan rumus slovin sehingga didapatkan sampel 100 UMKM dengan total responden sebanyak 300. Data yang dignakan adalah data primer dan dianalisis menggunakan Model Structral Equation (SEM) dengan alat analisis SmartPLS. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kualitas sistem informasi, kualitas layanan informasi, perceived usefulness, dukungan top manager, dan kemampuan teknis personal SIA berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan pengguna SIA.
ПОНЯТТЯ АДАПТИВНО-ОРІЄНТОВАНОЇ СИСТЕМИ УПРАВЛІННЯ БІЗНЕС-ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙ
Authors: ДВОРНИК Олексій Вячеславович
Published: April 2024

У статті досліджено концепцію адаптивно-орієнтованих систем управління в сучасних бізнес-організаціях. Автори зосереджуються на важливості чіткого та повного розуміння цих систем для забезпечення конкурентоспроможності та стійкості підприємств у змінному ринковому середовищі. Пояснюється неоднозначність визначення та характеристик адаптивно-орієнтованих систем, а також вказується на проблеми, що виникають через цю неоднозначність при їхньому впровадженні. Стаття закликає до подальших досліджень та вдосконалення концепції адаптивного управління з метою забезпечення успішної адаптації підприємств до змін у бізнес-середовищі. Стаття висвітлює ключові аспекти адаптивно-орієнтованих систем управління, зокрема їхню гнучкість, швидкість реакції на зміни та здатність до самоорганізації. Зазначається, що розуміння цих аспектів є критичним для успішної імплементації адаптивних стратегій управління в сучасних бізнес-організаціях. Додатково висвітлюються проблеми, які виникають внаслідок неоднозначного визначення поняття адаптивно-орієнтованих систем та рекомендації щодо подальших досліджень у цій області. Заключний висновок статті підкреслює важливість постійного вдосконалення та адаптації концепції адаптивного управління для ефективної реалізації стратегічних цілей підприємств у змінному бізнес-середовищі.
Change narrative workshop sketch notes
Authors: Seibold Heidi
Published: April 2024

We participated in a change narrative workshop at the Open Science Retreat 2024. I created some sketch notes from the workshop. You can view them as a visual abstract of the workshop.
Ecuadorian Undergraduate Students’ Perceptions of the Challenges Faced When Writing Persuasive Essays
Authors:   Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Guayaquil, Ecuador, Estrella Felix
Published: April 2024

Objective: This study aimed to identify undergraduate polytechnic students’ perceptions of the challenges they face when writing persuasive essays in their English classes. Methods: This research followed a quantitative design utilizing SPSS V.20 to conduct factor and descriptive analysis to answer the three research questions established. One hundred and thirteen students who enrolled in one of the last English courses taught at the university participated in the study. Data were collected using a researcher-designed five-point Likert-scale survey. Results: Data were treated with Factor Analysis to determine the challenges students face when writing persuasive essays. Principal component analysis was used for data reduction, and five dimensions were identified, “Introduction”, “Body Paragraphs”, “Conclusion”, “Sentence Structure”, and “Communicative Achievement”. The top five issues that polytechnic undergraduate students deal with are issues with word order, forgetting to write the call-to-action, not using adequate formality all the time in their sentences, failing to write the claim in the thesis statement, and writing topic sentences that are not related to the thesis statement. Also, the dimension that causes more challenges overall is “Body paragraphs”. Conclusion: This paper contributes to the literature in the following senses. Students recognized that writing their topic sentences usually takes a long time. Also, participants claimed that forgetting to write the call-to-action is a challenge they face when writing their essays. Another issue determined in this paper that contributes to the existing literature regards the poor skills students have in summarizing the essay’s contents when they write the conclusion of their papers. The last addition this paper makes to the literature is that “Body Paragraphs” has been established as the factor that learners believe is the hardest for them to cope with when writing a persuasive essay.
ANALISIS PERILAKU BIAYA PADA PT. INDOFOOD CBP SUKSES MAKMUR TBK PERIODE 2016 – 202
Authors: Sari Ayu Intan Permata , Mulatsih Endang Sri , Fikriyansyah Ahmad , Pratiwi Tiara Nur
Published: April 2024

Perilaku biaya adalah bagaimana suatu biaya akan merespon perubahan yang terjadi dalam aktivitas perusahaan jika tingkat kegiatan mengalami kenaikan atau penurunan. Analisis perilaku biaya dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu perangkat bagi manajemen untuk memprediksi biaya yang akan dikeluarkan dimasa yang akan datang. Perilaku biaya (cost behavior), merupakan hubungan antara total biaya dengan perubahan volume kegiatan. Dengan mengelompokkannya kedalam unsur, biaya variabel (variable cost), biaya tetap (fixed cost), dan biaya semi variabel (semi variable cost). Tujuan penelitian ini ini adalah untuk mengetahui analisis perilaku biaya pada PT. Indofood CBP Sukses Makmur Tbk Periode 2016-2022. Teknik pengumpulan data yang di gunakan adalah studi pustaka dan dokumentasi. Metode analisis data yang di gunakan adalah deskriptif dengan metode penelitian kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan pada metode titik tertinggi dan terendah dapat dihitung dengan menggunakan dua titik kegiatan yaitu pada volume produksi dan pada biaya pengolahan yang diperkirakan berdasarkan produksi. Pada metode kuadrat terkecil dapat di tentukan dengan hubungan linear suatu biaya yang telah di prediksi. Maka dalam menganalisis perilaku biaya dari kedua metode tersebut, lebih efisien menggunakan metode kuadrat terkecil karena hasilnya lebih akurat.
Quantum Convolutional Neural Network for Image Classification
Authors:   College of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Anbar, Anbar, Iraq; Department of Computer Engineering Techniques, Al-Maarif University College, Anbar,31001, Iraq, Moahmmed Moahmmed ,   Department of Computer Engineering Techniques, Al-Maarif University College, Anbar,31001, Iraq, Al-Khateeb Belal Al
Published: April 2024

In the field of image processing, a well-known model is the Convolutional Neural Network, or CNN. The unique benefit that sets this model apart is its exceptional ability to use the correlation information included in the data. Even with their amazing accomplishment, conventional CNNs could have trouble improving further in terms of generalization, accuracy, and computing economy. However, it could be challenging to train CNN correctly and process information quickly if the model or data dimensions are too large. This is since it will cause the data processing to lag. The Quantum Convolutional Neural Network, or QCNN for short, is a novel proposed quantum solution that might either enhance the functionality of an existing learning model or solve a problem requiring the combination of quantum computing with CNN. To highlight the flexibility and versatility of quantum circuits in improving feature extraction capabilities, this paper compares deep quantum circuit architecture designed for image-based tasks with classical Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and a novel quantum circuit architecture. The covidx-cxr4 dataset was used to train quantum-CNN models, and their results were compared against those of other models. The results show that when paired with innovative feature extraction methods, the suggested deep Quantum Convolutional Neural Network (QCNN) outperformed the conventional CNN in terms of processing speed and recognition accuracy. Even though it required more processing time, QCNN outperformed CNN in terms of recognition accuracy. When training on the covidx-cxr4 dataset, this dominance becomes much more apparent, demonstrating how deeper quantum computing has the potential to completely transform image classification problems.
Impact of Smut (Sporisorium scitamineum) on Sugarcane’s Above-Ground Growth and the Determinants of the Disease Intensity in the Ethiopian Sugarcane Plantations
Authors: Tegene Samuel , Terefe Habtamu , Tena Esayas
Published: April 2024

The development of sustainable smut management techniques requires an understanding of the impacts of smut on sugarcane growth and the relationships between smut intensity and meteorological variables, varieties, and crop types. Thus, assessments were made with the objectives to 1) determine the effect of smut on the above-ground growth of sugarcane, and 2) quantify the association of smut with weather variables, varieties and crop types. The effect of smut on above-ground growth was assessed in six fields planted with NCo 334 (wider coverage) having 6 months of age in Fincha and Metehara fields in 2021. Data on above-ground growth were taken from 20 randomly selected smut-affected and healthy stools from each field. Besides, 6 years’ data (2015 to 2021) on the numbers of smut-affected stools and smut whips of 79 fields were collected. Furthermore, 10 years’ (2011 to 2021) weather data were acquired from the sugar plantations. The results demonstrated reduction in the above-ground growth of sugarcane in the range of 18.39% and 73.42% due to smut. In addition, weather variables explained about 68.48% and 66.58% of the variability in the number of smut-affected stools and whips respectively. Smut intensity increased with crop types for susceptible varieties. The tight association between the smut epidemic and crop types, varieties, and weather, implied that these parameters must be carefully considered in management decisions. Continuous monitoring of smut disease, meteorological variables, varieties, and crop types in all the sugarcane plantations could be done as a part of integrated smut management in the future.
First Report of Soft Rot Induced by Dickeya dadantii on Euphorbia hypogaea in Korea
Authors: Yakubu Ismaila , Song Ji Ho , Lee Yun Ju , Son Min A , Han Su Hyeon , Kong Hyun Gi
Published: April 2024

In a survey conducted in March 2023, Euphorbia hypogaea plants cultivated within greenhouses in Yongin, Korea exhibited water-soaked areas near the stem base, close to the soil. Subsequent isolation from diseased E. hypogaea led to the identification of a bacterial strain, designated as CBNUMPBL-103. The isolate was identified as Dickeya dadantii through sequencing of the 16s rRNA and phylogenetic analysis. The pathogenicity of the isolate was confirmed by inoculating it into healthy E. hypogaea, resulting in the manifestation of similar symptoms observed during the survey. The re-isolated strain recovered from inoculated plants showed a similar morphology with the inoculated strain. This is the first documentation of D. dadantii causing soft rot of E. hypogaea in Korea.
Symmetry and symmetric transformations in mathematical imaging
Authors: Wang Yifeng
Published: April 2024

The article delves into the intricate relationship between symmetry and mathematical imaging, spanning various mathematical disciplines. Symmetry, a concept deeply ingrained in mathematics, manifests in art, nature, and physics, providing a powerful tool for understanding complex structures. The paper explores three types of symmetriesreflection, rotational, and translationalexemplified through concrete mathematical expressions. Evariste Galoiss Group Theory emerges as a pivotal tool, providing a formal framework to understand and classify symmetric operations, particularly in the roots of polynomial equations. Galois theory, a cornerstone of modern algebra, connects symmetries, permutations, and solvability of equations. Group theory finds practical applications in cryptography, physics, and coding theory. Sophus Lie extends group theory to continuous spaces with Lie Group Theory, offering a powerful framework for studying continuous symmetries. Lie groups find applications in robotics and control theory, streamlining the representation of transformations. Benoit Mandelbrots fractal geometry, introduced in the late 20th century, provides a mathematical framework for understanding complex, self-similar shapes. The applications of fractal geometry range from computer graphics to financial modeling. Symmetrys practical applications extend to data visualization and cryptography. The article concludes by emphasizing symmetrys foundational role in physics, chemistry, computer graphics, and beyond. A deeper understanding of symmetry not only enriches perspectives across scientific disciplines but also fosters interdisciplinary collaborations, unveiling hidden order and structure in the natural and designed world. The exploration of symmetry promises ongoing discoveries at the intersection of mathematics and diverse fields of study.
International flight fare prediction and analysis of factors impacting flight fare
Authors: Deng Tianyun
Published: April 2024

In the rapidly evolving landscape of global travel, understanding international flight prices has become pivotal for both travellers and airlines. This paper delves into the intricate web of factors influencing flight prices, utilizing a dataset from Ease My Trip spanning 50 days. Employing rigorous data processing techniques, including handling missing values and label encoding, the study explores correlations between various parameters such as cabin class, flight numbers, airlines, and duration, shedding light on pricing dynamics. The research employs linear regression, decision trees, and random forest models for prediction. The results showcase the significance of class, flight numbers, and duration on prices. Particularly, higher cabin classes correlate strongly with increased prices, offering vital insights for airlines to optimize revenue. The models predictive accuracies are commendable, with the random forest model standing out, explaining 98.9% of the variance. This study not only illuminates the complex interplay of factors steering international flight prices but also provides airlines with robust pricing strategies. The findings empower travellers to make informed decisions, promising a harmonious future for the aviation industry in an ever-changing global market.
Capturing the 3D secrets of a flickering candle: Based on digital holographic microscopy
Authors: Qin Shaohan
Published: April 2024

The temperature distribution of flames has long been a fascinating topic of study. To quantitatively analyze the temperature field of flames, traditional methods include infrared devices, thermocouples and thermometer. However, these conventional techniques provide only cross-sectional snapshots while lacking the capability to offer real-time 3D temperature field visualization. This paper proposed a different approach to measure the 3D temperature field with accurate data and details by applying the digital holography. First, based on digital holography and the equations of thermodynamics, we derived the equation between the phase difference and temperature. Then we built a transmission off-axis digital holographic microscopy in the experimental section to perform static and dynamic flame measurements. To calibrate the actual temperatures and test our theorys accuracy, we also took photographs of the flames as a standard reference using an infrared thermal imager. Finally, we obtained a quantitative 3D distribution of the temperature field and a qualitative dynamic process of 3D temperature field. Our results show that the temperature decreases from the center of the flame and follows a general pattern. The comparison with infrared imaging shows that digital holography offers an accurate measurement of the temperature.
The role of AI in theatre: Exploring the creation of AI-generated stage plays
Authors: Ren Zhen
Published: April 2024

This paper presents an in-depth exploration of the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in theatre, with a focus on the creation of AI-generated stage plays. Utilizing ChatGPT's language model and deep learning algorithms, the research investigates AI's capability to generate compelling scripts, characters, and narratives for theatrical productions. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, analyzing existing AI-generated theatrical works and conducting experimental script creation using AI. The findings highlight both the potential and limitations of AI in theatre, emphasizing the need to balance AI-generated content with the intrinsic human qualities of theatrical performances. The paper contributes to the understanding of AI's impact on theatre and raises questions about audience engagement and authenticity in AI-generated content.
Investigation on angle of incidence and light reflectance
Authors: Chen Zixi
Published: April 2024

Illuminance is a measurement proportional to the intensity of light. When light is incident on a surface, the angle it makes with the normal vector of the surface plane is the angle of incidence. This paper focuses on an investigation of the relationship between the illuminance of reflected light from a glass block and the angle of incidence of the light on the block. By applying Fresnels coefficients, an expression for the illuminance of reflected light is derived in terms of the angle of incidence. The controlled measurements, including the illuminance of s-polarized and p-polarized light of a green laser (532nm), are directly measured to arrive at a set of calculated reflected illuminance at 10 different angles of incidence. The reflected illuminance is also experimentally measured with a light sensor at these angles. Upon the comparison between the two sets of data in this paper, a close resemblance of the shape of their curves is observed, both revealing an increasing reflected illuminance with a growing rate with respect to the increase of the angle of incidence. However, due to some expected systematic errors in the experiment, the calculated data has a generally higher reflected illuminance than the theoretical data at each angle of incidence. Overall, it is confirmed that as the angle of incidence increases, the illuminance of the reflected light increases with a growing rate.
Design and implementation of architectural websites based on Java: A case study of architectural firm website
Authors: Li Shixuan
Published: April 2024

In the contemporary digital landscape, architectural firms are increasingly reliant on sophisticated websites to showcase their portfolios and engage with clients. This paper delves into creating a user-centered website, emphasizing the critical role of front-end development in marrying aesthetics with functionality. Through a detailed examination, the study highlights prevailing trends in user interaction, visual design, and technological integration specific to architectural web platforms. In this paper, a prototype website was designed and implemented, utilizing HTML5, CSS3, and JavaScript, coupled with responsive design principles and interactive features. The development process involved using interactive keywords, a dynamic project gallery, and a responsive navigation menu, all facilitated by Java Server Pages (JSP) for back-end integration. This approach underscored the importance of user-centered design in web development for architectural firms. This study successfully integrated an intuitive user interface with advanced functionality, resulting in a web design that not only aesthetically aligns with the architectural firms brand identity but also enhances user engagement. Key results include an innovative scrolling gallery showcasing architectural projects, seamless integration of JSP for dynamic content management, and a notable improvement in website navigability and responsiveness, leading to a more interactive and satisfying user experience.
Java web development: Design and implementation
Authors: Liu Ziqi
Published: April 2024

As society becomes more and more competitive, the pressure of exams faced by students is also increasing. For example, high school students are about to face the college entrance examination, college students face the graduate school examination, graduates face the job, and many other problems. The pressure on students is increasing, which may lead to psychological problems that may jeopardize their physical and mental health. To prevent students from having psychological issues, this project researched a Java web that analyzed students heart problems and provided corresponding solutions according to the problems. In this Java web, a heart questionnaire evaluation is provided, which is divided into selective questions and scored according to the users filling in the situation. According to the users scores combined with the big data, the users existing heart problems was analyzed. The users score is combined with big data to analyze the users heart problems, and finally feedback to the users heart problem suggestions. This mental health assessment helps students to face the stress of lifes difficulties positively and to maintain a positive attitude to deal with any difficulties.
Investigating the role of Java Frameworks in enhancing web UI design with the design thinking method
Authors: Zhou Jiaxin
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate how the Wix platform and JavaScript collaborate to create user interfaces (UI) for educational blogs that are robust and simple to operate. The purpose of this study is to investigate the extent to which Java technologies, particularly Spring and Hibernate, might enhance user interface designs on the Wix platform. The study also focuses on the significance of striking a balance between design and technology. Through the incorporation of tools for online lesson preparation and time management, the project intends to improve the overall quality of the user experience. This is because educational applications have challenges that are unique and need to be eliminated. Using Java technologies like Spring, Hibernate, and Jakarta Faces, the research project involves the creation of an instructive blog. The research makes use of the Design Thinking methodology and takes a human-centered approach to its methodology. To facilitate user comfort, aesthetic appeal, and efficient interaction, the design makes use of visual harmony, simplicity, and refinement at various points throughout. In the context of this research, the use of wireframing, high-fidelity mockups, and prototype assembly on the Wix platform helps the growth of the internet as well as the development of instructional resources. One of the objectives of this project is to develop a design for an educational blog that is consistent and visually appealing.
Histórias em quadrinhos não ficcionais e jornalismo como território do imaginário
Authors: Correa Marcus Dickson , Oliveira Ivan Carlo
Published: April 2024

O presente artigo tem o intuito de explorar os processos híbridos da linguagem jornalística com as histórias em quadrinhos baseadas em fatos reais, não ficcionais, que passaram a ser chamadas de jornalismo em quadrinhos, nas quais vemos a apropriação de técnicas jornalísticas, principalmente dos recursos extraídos do new journalism, para construir seu discurso, indo além da fronteira do real e do ficcional abrindo espaços para novas experiências do consumo da informação jornalística. Propormos analisar esses espaços narrativos não ficcionais instrumentalizando os conceitos de jornalismo de subjetividade (MORAES, 2022), estratégias do sensível (SODRÉ, 2006) e Tecnologias do Imaginário (DURAND, 1988, SILVA, 2006).
VEJA e o leste europeu:
Authors: Rodrigues Marques Sabrina
Published: April 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo geral compreender como a revista Veja fez a cobertura jornalística sobre o Leste Europeu durante o colapso do bloco soviético, entre os anos de 1989 e 1992. No decorrer da cobertura jornalística, Veja procurou traçar e prever um cenário futuro para os países. A publicação expôs e defendeu diferentes soluções e medidas capitalistas para as Democracias Populares e a União das Repúblicas Socialistas Soviéticas (URSS). A metodologia utilizada será analisar as matérias que caracterizaram a transição econômica do Leste Europeu. O mapeamento das fontes e a seleção de matérias e artigos de Veja resultaram em recortes temáticos que giram em torno dos principais países que mais tiveram matérias e reportagens publicadas pela revista como, Polônia, Hungria, Alemanha Oriental e URSS. As matérias de Veja sobre essa parte da Europa tinham notícias e reportagens que traziam resumos jornalísticos sobre o período e um panorama geral sobre a conjuntura política e econômica dos países.
Application of Machine Learning in Orthodontics: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Dashti Mahmood , Zare Niusha , Tajbakhsh Neda , Noble James , Hashemi Sara , Ghasemi Shohreh , Hashemi Seyed Saman , Elsaraj Sherif M.
Published: April 2024

Background: Machine learning (ML), a facet of artificial intelligence, utilizes algorithms to learn from data without explicit programming. In orthodontics, ML offers advantages like tailoring personalized treatment plans for patients. Despite its potential, there hasn’t been a bibliometric analysis of ML studies in orthodontics. This study aims to fill that gap. Types of studies reviewed: Articles on ML in orthodontics were reviewed from Web of Science Core Collection, Embase, Scopus, and PubMed. Data on journal details, country of origin, publication month, citations, keywords, and co-authorship were extracted. Results: The search retrieved a total of 1478 articles, of which 701 were excluded. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics has published the most articles (3.6%), followed by the seminars in Orthodontics Journal (1.6%), and Orthodontics and Craniofacial Research Journal (1.6%). Most of the articles were from researchers from China (n = 156), the United States (n = 107), and South Korea (n = 70). The number of citations of the published articles ranged from 0 to 702, with most articles (75.54%) having at least one citation. Science Mapping analysis revealed that the most used keywords were Human(s) (n = 484), Artificial intelligence (n = 194), Female (n=169), Male (n = 161), and Cephalometry (n = 151). Clinical implications: Clinicians should be aware of the emerging global collaborative landscape in machine learning trends, stay informed about technological advancements, and consider the potential impact of ML on patient care and treatment outcomes in their practices.
Machine Learning Algorithms for Early Prediction of Multiple Sclerosis Progression: A Comparative Study
Authors: Haouam Kamel-Dine , Benmalek Mourad
Published: April 2024

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by central nervous system (CNS) degeneration, leading to diverse neurological symptoms. Managing MS poses a challenge due to its unpredictable progression. This study focuses on early prediction of MS progression using machine learning (ML) algorithms, comparing the effectiveness of Random Forest, XGBoost, Decision Tree, and Logistic Regression. Clinical, genetic, and environmental factors were analyzed in a cohort of Mexican mestizo patients recently diagnosed with Clinically Isolated Syndrome (CIS). Data preprocessing addressed missing values, and feature selection tailored to the population’s characteristics was applied. The dataset was split into training and testing sets, maintaining stratification for CDMS and nonCDMS cases. Machine learning models were trained with optimized hyperparameters. Performance evaluation metrics, including accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and AUC-ROC, were employed. The Random Forest model exhibited superior performance (AUC: 0.93, accuracy: 87%), outperforming other models. Variable importance analysis identified top predictors, including Periventricular MRI, Age, Infratentorial MRI, and Oligoclonal Bands. The study’s clinical implications highlight ML’s potential in enhancing early MS prognosis, aiding timely interventions. The Random Forest model, with its robust performance, emerges as a valuable tool for identifying patients at risk. While the study contributes to predictive analytics in neurological disorders, limitations include cohort specificity and retrospective data use. Prospective studies and further exploration of data sources are recommended for broader applicability. This research demonstrates the efficacy of ML in early MS progression prediction, providing clinicians with a promising tool for personalized patient care. The findings contribute to advancing predictive healthcare analytics and emphasize the significance of tailored interventions in neurological disorders.
A Contour-Based Feature Extraction Algorithm
Authors: Liuă Wenjiao , Ralescu Anca
Published: April 2024

Human body recognition is a common problem in computer vision. Currently, most artificial intelligence methods are dependent on the scale of the extracted feature values from the target images during classification, thereby limiting the image size. However, in image recognition, the object’s contour alone is sufficient for humans to distinguish image content. This paper proposes a feature extraction algorithm based on image contours. By utilizing only the contour features of the target image and combining them with machine learning algorithms for classification, it achieves good results even on relatively complex images.
Potential Health Benefits, Agro-Wastes and Industrial Byproducts of Mango (Mangifera Indica Linn)
Authors: Jabeen Afrah , Niazi Madiha Khan
Published: April 2024

Mango (Mangifera indica Linn) fruit is widely consumed around the world, but mango leaves are gaining popularity due to their numerous medicinal effects. Mangoes (Mangifera indica L.) account for about half of all tropical fruits produced worldwide, and their net output is predicted to rise rapidly over the next two decades due to improved agro-industrial technologies, the marketing of new varieties, and demand from health-conscious customers. Mango production costs are far higher than those of its edible part due to the management, recycling, and disposal of agricultural wastes and food by-products; this is even before factoring in the costs related with the environment and human health. Raw mangoes are commonly used in salads and pickles. Because mango has the unique capacity to change sour food into sweet, its prospective benefits as a potent antioxidant and sweetness enhancer are encouraging. Mango fruits, fruit pulp, and leaves were used in Ayurvedic medicine for hundreds of years to treat a wide range of health problems and diseases. According to chemical research, mango and mango leaves include a variety of polyphenolic antioxidants and micronutrients. This review looks into mangiferin and parts of mango, which have multiple health advantages for human health and illness prevention
Click, Track and Eat: The Power of Nutrition Apps
Authors: Khan Ammar Ahmad
Published: April 2024

Nutrition apps enhances the nutrition guidance and suitability in balancing and tracking food intakes. They expand knowledge and awareness about nutrition as well. The modern technologies connect users to have wearable devices and data analytics with motivations, visions and support on their journey towards healthy lifestyles. Instead of hunting through books and contacting nutritionists, you can find all information about healthy lifestyles into single solution and easily assessable platforms.

As it provides more flexibility, it allows the users to interact at their own ease and make healthier choices by obtaining nutritious recipes and advices, which makes it more convenient and cost effective. In addition, these apps provide users to give real-time feedbacks and guidance, monitor their diet behaviors and physical activities and supplementation information They also facilitate them in weight calculations and calories-tracking to manage their whole diet plans. Furthermore, these offer several healthier activities like exercising and staying hydrated alerts.

However, nutrition apps have many limitations and challenges; users may consider it time consuming with recent study highlighting that the calorie and fitness tracking may be related to eating disorders [1]. Additionally, another study on eating disorders found that body dissatisfaction and preoccupations with body shape tend to be high in the individuals using nutrition apps [2]. Despite these issues, the accuracy of these app can vary depending on user’s capability to record their food intake.

Nevertheless, this does not deny the significance of dietary compositions in health and illness prevention and management. Appropriate nutritional intake is crucial to maintain a healthy life, avoid nutrient deficiencies and lower the risk of diseases. Therefore, it is imperative to establish effective methods so that the dietary can be tracked and thus improved. It is equally important to address the concerns related to negative impacts of nutrition apps such as unhealthy eating habits due to overdependence.

In conclusion, this editorial sheds light on the significance of nutrition apps that provide user-friendly interactions for improving dietary habits. While many of nutrition apps have positively improved user behaviors and diet quality, addressing challenges such as users’ annoyance and disengagements still remains. Looking forward, prioritizing user satisfaction and enhancing functionality is crucial to unlocking the nutrition apps potential for achieving long-term impacts in diet quality and promoting healthier lifestyles.
Prevalence of Perceived Stress among Nurse Interns in Teaching Hospitals of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Authors: Khan Sheraz , Rahman Abdur , Islam Noor , Khan Iftikhar Ali , Maula Fazal , Marriam Aneela , Khanum Sabiha , Sultan Amir
Published: April 2024

The concept of perceived stress refers to an individual's response to a perceived danger in their environment, which is believed to provide a challenge to their capabilities and overall well-being. Internships play a crucial role in the nursing profession by providing valuable introductory experiences. Objective: To reveal level of stress among intern nurses. Methods: In this study, nurse intern stress level was measured by using descriptive cross-sectional design. The sample size was 105 and data were collected via Google form in teaching hospitals of district Peshawar and Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Results: In this study, majority of the participants were male n=93 (88.6%) followed by female n=12 (11.4%). Almost nine-tenth (87.6%) n=92 of the study participants was placed in age group less than 25 years. None of the participants were placed in higher stress level although, more than four score (81.9%) of the participants fell in moderate stress level. However, 18% of them perceived low stress. Conclusions: The moderate level of stress was found to be significantly affecting the performance in early career of nurses. The goal should be to provide nursing students with improved strategies for handling stress.
Insomnia Among Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Investigation in Peshawar, Pakistan
Authors: Bibi Afsha , Khaliq Fazal , Younus Muhammad , Ullah Irfan , Khan Muhammad Abbas
Published: April 2024

Sleep health is integral to the overall well-being of nursing students, yet it is prevalent. Objective: The primary objective of this study was to determine the insomnia among nursing students. Methods: A total of 100 nursing students, both male and female, from different academic years participated in the study. A structured questionnaire was utilized to collect demographic information, including gender, age, and academic year. The Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) was employed to assess the prevalence of insomnia among participants. Results: The study findings revealed that most participants, constituting 70%, identified as male, while the remaining 30% identified as female. The analysis of insomnia status revealed that 37% reported no insomnia and 63% experienced insomnia. Conclusions: The findings highlight a diverse landscape of insomnia prevalence among nursing students, necessitating targeted interventions to promote sleep health.