bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immunohistochemical features of the bone tissue of the lower extremities in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Tokmakova A. Yu. , Kogan E. A. , Zaitseva E. L. , Demura S. A. , Zharkov N. V. , Kalandiya M. M. , Galstyan G. R.
Published: January 2022

Background: Diabetic neuroosteoarthropathy is a serious disabling complication of diabetes mellitus, which, in the absence of timely correct treatment, can lead to high amputations of the affected limb. At present, the reasons and mechanism of the development of Charcot’s foot are not completely clear. It is extremely important to determine the pathophysiological mechanisms of DNOAP formation and to search for reliable markers-predictors of this pathology.

Aim: To study the immunohistochemical characteristics of the bone tissue of the lower extremities in patients with diabetic neuroosteoarthropathy in comparison with patients with diabetes mellitus without this pathology.

Materials and methods: During the foot surgery, a bone fragment of the foot was harvested for immunohistochemical study of receptor markers for PINP, PIIINP, and RAGE in the group of patients with DNOAP compared with the control group.

Results: The study included 20 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and were divided into 2 groups: 10 patients with DNOAP made up group 1, 10 patients without DNOAP — group 2.

Patients in both groups were comparable in AGE, experience with type 2 diabetes, and glycemic control.

During the immunohistochemical study, a significant increase in the staining intensity of receptor markers for PINP, PIIINP, and AGE was recorded in the group of patients with DNOAP compared with the control group (p <0.05).

Conclusion: For the first time, an immunohistochemical study of markers of bone resorption and AGE was carried out in persons with DNOAP. The results obtained indicate impaired collagen formation and, as a consequence, impaired bone formation and bone resorption in patients with DNOAP: in group 1, a statistically significant increase in the expression of PINP, PIIINP, and RAGE was revealed.
Improving Urban Land Cover Mapping with the Fusion of Optical and SAR Data Based on Feature Selection Strategy
Authors: Ding Qing , Shao Zhenfeng , Huang Xiao , Altan Orhan , Fan Yewen
Published: January 2022

Taking the Futian District as the research area, this study proposed an effective urban land cover mapping framework fusing optical and SAR data. To simplify the model complexity and improve the mapping results, various feature selection methods were compared and evaluated. The results
showed that feature selection can eliminate irrelevant features, increase the mean correlation between features slightly, and improve the classification accuracy and computational efficiency significantly. The recursive feature elimination-support vector machine (RFE-SVM) model obtained the
best results, with an overall accuracy of 89.17% and a kappa coefficient of 0.8695, respectively. In addition, this study proved that the fusion of optical and SAR data can effectively improve mapping and reduce the confusion between different land covers. The novelty of this study is with
the insight into the merits of multi-source data fusion and feature selection in the land cover mapping process over complex urban environments, and to evaluate the performance differences between different feature selection methods.
cultura como estratégia política na Revista Movimento, da União Nacional dos Estudantes (2001-2010)
Authors: Boutin Aldimara Catarina Brito Delabona
Published: January 2022

A partir do referencial teórico do Materialismo Histórico e Dialético, o artigo tem como objetivo evidenciar o posicionamento da revista Movimento, da União Nacional dos Estudantes (UNE), em relação à cultura. Ao realizarmos um levantamento na página digital da UNE, localizamos um total de 19 edições do periódico, publicadas entre os anos de 2001 a 2010. Após a leitura da seção de cultura, estabelecemos categorias, buscando identificar as temáticas relacionadas à cultura. O artigo encontra-se dividido em três partes: na primeira, apresentamos breves reflexões sobre a perspectiva teórico- filosófica de cultura no pensamento de Antonio Gramsci; sequencialmente, investigamos as iniciativas desenvolvidas historicamente pela UNE no âmbito da cultura; posteriormente realizamos análises do material empírico, buscando desvelar o posicionamento adotado pela Movimento em relação à cultura. Nas considerações finais, indicamos que a revista se posiciona em favor da cultura, enquanto instrumento para a compreensão e transformação da realidade.
C´írculo de Cultura freireano
Authors: Leal Ynakam Luis de Vasconcelos , Silva Severino Bezerra da , Azevêdo Ciro Linhares de
Published: January 2022

Este trabalho é consequência de uma experiência vivenciada no Curso Técnico em Guia de Turismo Subsequente ao Ensino Médio, ofertado pelo Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia da Paraíba, Câmpus Avançado Cabedelo Centro, na Barra do Mamanguape, Rio Tinto-PB. Nosso objetivo é relatar a vivência didático-pedagógica com os educandos durante a execução do curso profissional, em que utilizamos a metodologia freireana, que tem como base a relação dialógica entre o educando e o educador, valendo-nos do círculo de cultura como instrumento de interação entre esses atores e sua realidade. Na trajetória da elaboração e efetivação do método referido, registrou-se a experiência exitosa de Angicos-RN. No trabalho que ora apresentamos, constatamos que o método freireano pode e deve ser utilizado para além do ato de alfabetizar, já que a nossa experiência se deu de maneira também exitosa em turmas de ensino profissional. Por fim, concluímos que o círculo de cultura é um instrumento metodológico atemporal e totalmente viável para preencher as lacunas existentes em um modelo sistêmico de educação que, muitas vezes, não atende à heterogeneidade sociocultural brasileira e suas particularidades.
Culinária, histórias e educação popular
Authors: Lima Debora Silva do Nascimento , Costa Rute Ramos da Silva , Rizzo Tamiris Pereira
Published: January 2022

A comida guarda uma riqueza de símbolos e significados que não conseguem ser transcritos apenas em composição de nutrientes. Este artigo delineia a história da comida no município de Macaé-RJ a partir da narrativa de vida de mulheres negras, que aqui são referenciadas como tradicionalistas. A imersão junto a esse grupo de entrevistadas foi construída e viabilizada a partir dos referenciais teórico-metodológicos da educação popular. O prestígio à oralidade se dá em virtude da importância que a linguagem oral possui na África e na diáspora do povo africano. A valorização das vozes negras se deve por essa população não possuir prestígio na história, sendo sempre retratada de forma estigmatizada. Ao falar de comida e cozinha, a mulher é focalizada em decorrência de sempre estar reduzida ao local de produção e reprodução. Nas religiosidades africanas, essas mesmas mulheres possuem locais de privilégio e atribuições específicas. Valorizando a comida afro-brasileira e realçando sua importância para a cidade, essas narrativas são dispositivos que expressam a memória coletiva e podem funcionar como um inventário capaz de retroalimentar as ações de educação popular no campo do ensino, pesquisa e extensão universitários.
Influências familiares e socioeconômicas
Authors: Rezende Jaqueline Martins , Gonçalves Josiane Peres
Published: January 2022

O objetivo da pesquisa é investigar as influências socioeconômicas e familiares nas trajetórias de vida de alunos da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA), evidenciando se/como tais influências refletiram no ambiente escolar, no desenvolvimento e na aprendizagem desses alunos. A pesquisa de natureza qualitativa foi realizada por meio da gravação de entrevista semiestruturada com quatro alunos da EJA de Ensino Médio. Os resultados indicam que os discentes apresentam “sequelas” de suas experiências anteriores, sendo necessário considerar as distintas realidades, especificidades e relações culturais desses alunos a fim de valorizar suas trajetórias e aliá-las ao processo de ensino e aprendizagem.
Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh Masa COVID-19: Strategi Guru Meningkatkan Kreativitas Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Muallifatul Khorida Filasofa Lilif , Istianawati Hani
Published: January 2022

oronavirus Disease (COVID-19) causes learning to be done remotely from home. Distance Learning is a new thing in the world of education, especially Early Childhood Education (ECE). Children's creativity in early childhood learning is important to be maximized to reduce delays in achieving child development. This paper aims to see how the teacher's strategy in increasing children's creativity in distance learning. This research uses a qualitative research type. The data sources of this study were (1) Primary data sources, namely the principal, class teacher, and 5 students' parents. (2) Secondary data sources, namely supporting data that presents general data such as online articles, previous research, and books. Technique of data collection using observation, documentation, and interviews. Data analysis was carried out using the concept developed by Miles and Huberman, consisting of data reduction, data display, and concluding. The results showed that the strategy used by the teacher in the Implementation of Distance Learning at TK IT An-Nahl used several applications, namely: Google Meet, playing youtube videos and working on worksheets. Children's creativity at TK ITAn-Nahl can be done by creating works of art, imagination, exploration, experimentation, projects, and language. Factors that influence children's creativity in TK IT An-Nahl, namely: mental stimulation, mood, the role of parents, the role of teachers, and finances. The findings of this study contribute to an understanding of how the strategies used by teachers are to increase early childhood creativity during the COVID-19 pandemic.
THE DETERMINANT FACTORS OF TELEVISION’S AUDIENCE IN CHOOSING TV CHANNEL IN THE DISRUPTIVE ERA
Authors: Widyatama Rendra , AW Suranto , Mahbob Maizatul Haizan
Published: January 2022

This qualitative research article aims to explain the determinant factors that influence viewers to choose TV's channels in the disruptive era. In the period triggered by the increase of the internet and digital technology, many innovations emerged, potentially disturbing and destroying the old system. Loyalty in the broadcasting industry of the disruptive age is temporary and can change quickly. Viewers effortlessly change their TV channels according to their interests and desires. Therefore, TV managers have to pay attention to various factors on TV's audience to choose TV channels. These determinant factors occupy a prominent position among TV station managers in Indonesia and around the globe as an essential contrive to grab the attention of TV viewers. Primary data was dig using the focus group discussion (FGD) before the Covid-19 pandemic occurred. The authors conducted five FGDs involving 9-12 participants in each FGD. This research found that there are 23 determinant factors influencing audience in choosing TV channels in the disruptive era. The 23 factors are divided into four categories namely, TV program content, audience's purposes, corporate action, and community influence. The conclusion is, from four determinants factors, the range of TV content comprises the most varied category. In contrast, community influence factor occupies the last position with one variation.
Building resilience among construction professionals in New Zealand: A study of major stressors and stress reduction strategies
Authors:   School of Built Environment, Massey University, New Zealand, van Heerdeen Andries , Chawynski Gregory ,   School of Built Environment, Massey University, New Zealand, Bartolo Janette ,   Doblas, Site Safe, New Zealand
Published: January 2022

Retaining and replacing skilled professionals can be problematic within high-performance construction teams. The onus cascades upon fledgling, inexperienced individuals to embrace these high-stress responsibilities. Previous studies have highlighted the influential role that stress plays as an antecedent to burnout. Emotional fatigue, depersonalisation and a lack of personal achievement all sprout from the burnout syndrome. This project was undertaken as an inductive approach to theory development and employed a cross-sectional survey using a questionnaire. The study population comprised of construction professionals within the New Zealand construction industry. Convenience sampling was used to collect data from 266 New Zealand Site Safe members and their industry partners utilising a survey software called Qualtrics to address the research question. Through the use of a Likert scale, the mean values of the data were used to construct a table that incorporated combined stressors and their stress reduction strategies. “What stresses do construction professionals experience and what recommendations can be concluded to change workplace behaviour to reduce burnout?” The data was then used to construct a table that incorporated combined stressors and their stress reduction strategies. This research identified the contributing stress factors and their respective remedies to make changes in the New Zealand construction environment. The findings noted that various factors within the different clusters were indicative of high workplace stress, the strongest cluster being individual job demands. Other clusters highlighted factors such as managerial behaviour, organisational leadership and the economy as significant contributors. Transparent and clear communications between all staff levels proved to be the strongest moderating factor as a stress reduction remedy. The respondents indicated that a change in their sleeping patterns also created fatigue that leads to burnout. The contribution of this paper and contribution of this research lies in presenting the most significant current stressors in the New Zealand construction industry and aligning them with stress reductions strategies.
Drivers and barriers in the adoption of green supply chain management in construction projects: A case of Indonesia
Authors:   Department of Industrial Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia, Handayani Naniek Utami , Wibowo Mochamad Agung ,   Department of Industrial Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia, Rinawati Dyah Ika ,   Department of Industrial Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia, Gabriella Theolisa ,   Department of Industrial Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
Published: January 2022

The concept of Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) is attracting attention to the construction industry to minimise adverse environmental effects. However, its application is not common in developing countries like Indonesia. Based on contractors’ and construction design consultants’ point of view, the current study attempts to identify the drivers and barriers to adopting GSCM in construction projects in Central Java Province, Indonesia. The research study used previous literature, observation, questionnaires, and in-depth interviews with experts on drivers and barriers to implementing Green Supply Chain Management in construction. Data were analysed using SPSS and evaluated by the ordinal regression analysis method. Based on testing in ordinal regression analysis, seven factors were identified as drivers or barriers to the adoption of GSCM in construction projects in Central Java Province, and four of them affect significantly. The driving factors that significantly affect the adoption of GSCM include government regulations on environmental protection and pressure from the supply chain stakeholders. On the other hand, the barrier factors include the shortage of suppliers who implement GSCM practices in the construction area and inadequate knowledge and awareness about the impact of construction activities on the environment. This work could give the policymakers’ insight into the barriers and drivers to GSCM, thus enabling them to develop strategies in implementing GSCM in the construction industry.
Case Study: Partnering Intercultural Communication Students with Campus Co-Cultural Student Groups to Develop Intercultural Competence, Allyship, and Curiosity
Authors: Kuehl Rebecca
Published: January 2022

The question I analyze in this case study is how might one use civic engagement to foster campus/community relationships in this polarized era? I describe a teaching challenge in intercultural communication. Students have consistently reported that they arrive to this university from rural, majority-White communities where they have not experienced opportunities to communicate with culturally diverse groups. To address this challenge, I developed a semester-long assignment that provides a structured partnership between students in my Intercultural Communication course and campus co-cultural student groups. To assess this assignment’s benefit to the pedagogy surrounding polarization across cultural differences, I qualitatively analyzed themes in students’ reflection papers (N = 128 papers) from the last five sections of the course (2016–2020). Students addressed how these partnerships helped them develop (1) intercultural competence, (2) acceptance or appreciation through allyship, and (3) curiosity about other cultures. I conclude with implications, including how colleagues might use this assignment in other rural, land-grant public university settings.
CLINICAL AND LABORATORY EXAMINATION OF SYNOVIAL FLUID IN THE JOINT DISEASES DIAGNOSTICS. PART 1
Authors: Yuldasheva L. R. , Polevaya Y. A. , Sapozhkova Zh. Yu.
Published: January 2022

Synovial fluid examination plays the important role in diagnosis and treatment of joint diseases. Nowadays it presents a substantial challenge in clinical and lab settings because of lack of manuals for the examination and processing of synovial fluid. It needed cross-disciplinary approach between orthopedic and trauma surgeons, rheumatologists, general practitioners, and clinical lab specialists to achieve the diagnostic and treatment spot-on goals in time. It is become incredibly important to develop the standard procedures for assessment of synovial fluid and its implementation into the practice for clinical diagnostic laboratories.
CYTOLOGICAL DIAGNOSTICS OF MERKEL CELL CARCINOMA (PRIMARY NEURO-ENDOCRINE SKIN CANCER) IN THE MATERIAL OF A SUPERFICIAL SHAVE BIOPSY
Authors: Vysotskaya V. N. , Karpova Y. V. , Sukhovskaya E. S. , Babushkin A. V. , Boriskin Ni. V.
Published: January 2022

Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare malignant primary skin tumor with epithelial and neuroendocrine differentiation. In the presented diagnostic case, the possibility of a cytological method in this material is a scarification biopsy.
METALWORKING – 2021
Authors: Matveev V. I.
Published: January 2022

The article summarizes the main results of the large-scale international exhibition "Metalworking 2021". Machine tool construction and metalworking technologies have reached a new modern level, based on the automation of production and the use of measurement technologies in the process of manufacturing parts of complex geometric shapes. Brief information about companies specializing in measurement technologies and non-destructive testing of finished products is provided.
INVESTIGATION OF TRANSVERSE CRACKS IN ANNULAR WELDED JOINTS OF MAIN GAS PIPELINES LINEAR PART
Authors: Zaznobin V. A. , Nekrasov A. V. , Pankratov A. V.
Published: January 2022

Statistics of accidents and incidents on main gas pipelines in recent years indicate that almost half of the technogenic events occur due to depressurization in the area of annular welded joints, mainly joints containing defects made during construction and installation work during the construction of gas pipelines. The assessment of the degree of danger and the timing of external inspection and repair or replacement of defective annular welded joints largely depends on the quality of non-destructive testing, the correct identification of the types of defects and the objective determination of their geometric dimensions. To increase the reliability of the assessment of the degree of danger of the detected defects, it is necessary to use additional control methods, in particular, destructive ones. The paper presents the results of surveys and tests of metal fragments of annular welded joints of main gas pipelines containing transverse cracks of annular welded joints in order to determine the causes of the formation of these defects and to assess the degree of danger of the detected transverse cracks of the installation welds of main gas pipelines.
INVESTIGATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES FOR CREATING LOW-DIMENSIONAL CONDUCTORS BASED ON PROBE LITHOGRAPHY
Authors: Spiridonov S. V. , Faizullin R. R. , Shashkov V. I.
Published: January 2022

Probe methods can not be considered a technology suitable for large-scale production of nanostructures due to low productivity and the difficulty of constructing three-dimensional structures. It is important, however, that they demonstrate the possibility of constructing complex nanostructures in the laboratory for research purposes. Experiments of this kind make it possible to study the physics of low-dimensional structures and to investigate the possibilities of their practical use in electronic devices. In this paper, we have investigated the technology of creating gold low-dimensional conductors on a dielectric substrate by methods of probe lithography. A literature analysis was conducted, during which was proposed a method for creating conductors based on the method of electric mass transfer. The contact pad of the 142EN1B microcircuit was used as a sample. To form a substrate with the required thickness of the gold film, the technology of chemical thinning (etching) of the surface of the finished sample was applied. A mixture of hydrochloric HCl and nitric acids HNO3 was chosen as a solution for etching gold. Within the framework of this work, the technique of preparing the substrate was developed, the parameters of STM lithography were investigated, and gold conductors were formed on the substrate. On the basis of the developed technology, nanoscale structures were obtained. Microscopic analysis showed that the minimum cross-section of the obtained gold conductors was 15…20 nm, the length was more than 50 nm.
IMPROVEMENT OF TRADITIONAL METHODS OF TESTING INSULATION OF SUBSTATION TRANSFORMERS
Authors: Vorob'yev S. V. , Putera A. E. , Kryukov O. V.
Published: January 2022

Typical methods of analysis of insulation parameters and processes of degradation of protective properties of windings of current-carrying parts of power transformers, electric machines, apparatuses and other electrical equipment are considered. It is shown that almost all insulation materials (oil, plastics, paper) are subject to moisture and contamination by their decomposition products under the influence of various external factors. In order to detect these defects in dynamics in a timely manner and to prevent sudden breakdowns of electrical insulation, periodic monitoring and testing of insulation is carried out. The analysis of traditional methods of testing and evaluating the state of isolation of transformers by applying a constant voltage is presented. The main causes and errors of changing the insulation parameters during temperature fluctuations are revealed. A new methodology for analyzing the measurement of the frequency characteristics of dielectrics is proposed, which makes it possible to adequately and accurately transform the results of the evaluation of insulation parameters in the frequency range as a function of temperature. The results of the research are implemented in systems and devices for complex diagnostics of substation equipment transformers.
COMBINED SIGNAL PROCESSING METHOD FOR DIAGNOSIS AND MONITORING OF THE INDUCTION MOTORS OPTIMIZED FOR EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
Authors: Morozov A. L.
Published: January 2022

Induction Motors (IM) play a key role in modern industry, so the condition monitoring systems are becoming increasingly relevant. Commercial monitoring systems are usually based on the measurement of IM’s vibrations and the further processing of the measured vibration signals. For those purposes the embedded systems (such as microcontrollers and inexpensive processors) are used. Embedded systems have limited resources, so data processing algorithms should have low computational complexity and require little memory. In this paper, the wellknown methods of processing vibration signals for fault diagnosis of the IM are considered and their main advantages and disadvantages for the implementation in embedded systems are highlighted. The previously proposed method based on a combination of the fast Fourier transform and the statistics of the fractional moments is optimized for vibration signal processing and implementation in embedded systems. The efficiency of diagnosis of such faults as eccentricity and a broke rotor bar, using the proposed method, is verified on the radial vertical vibrations measurements of the real motors under different constant load levels: no load, 50 % of the rated load, 75% of the rated load. The results show that this approach allows accurately diagnose the considered faults independently from the load level.
PRINCIPLES FOR DEVELOPMENT OF PROGRAM INTERFACES IN INDUSTRIAL INFORMATION, MEASURING, AND CONTROLLING SYSTEMS
Authors: Prutskov A. V.
Published: January 2022

Industrial information, measuring, and controlling systems have a program module designed to convert measurement results into data for display and control signals. A program module interconnected to other modules by program interfaces. In this case, data transformations are necessary when they are sent between modules. Object-oriented design patterns can be used when programming data transformations. When converting measurement results to objects, the Adapter design pattern can be applied. Programming the Command pattern is intended for converting objects into control signals. Data processing should be separated from their representation, storage and transmission. Functions between modules can be divided using the Model–View–Controller pattern. The use of design patterns reduces the development time and subsequent modification of software for both information, measuring, and control systems, as well as systems in other subjects of science and economics.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF DISTANCE MEASURES ON FUZZY SUBTRACTIVE CLUSTERING
Authors: Haryati Anisa Eka , Surono Sugiyarto
Published: January 2022

Clustering is a data analysis process which applied to classify the unlabeled data. Fuzzy clustering is a clustering method based on membership value which enclosing set of fuzzy as a measurement base for classification process. Fuzzy Subtractive Clustering (FSC) is included in one of fuzzy clustering method. This research applies Hamming distance and combined Minkowski Chebysev distance as a distance parameter in Fuzzy Subtractive Clustering. The objective of this research is to compare the output quality of the cluster from Fuzzy Subtractive Clustering by using Hamming distance and combine Minkowski Chebysev distance. The comparison of the two distances aims to see how well the clusters are produced from two different distances. The data used is data on hypertension. The variables used are age, gender, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, and body weight. This research shows that the Partition Coefficient value resulted on Fuzzy Subtractive Clustering by applying combined Minkowski Chebysev distance is higher than the application of Hamming distance. Based on this, it can be concluded that in this study the quality of the cluster output using the combined Minkowski Chebysev distance is better.
MODELING OF SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE BASED ON PARTIAL LEAST SQUARE - STRUCTURAL EQUATION
Authors: Miftahuddin Miftahuddin , Putri Retno Wahyuni , Setiawan Ichsan , Oktari Rina Suryani
Published: January 2022

Variability of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) is one of the climatic features that influence global and regional climate dynamics. Missing data (gaps) in the SST dataset are worth investigating since they may statistically alter the value of the SST change. The partial least square-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) approach is used in this work to estimate the causality relationships between exogenous and endogenous latent variables. The findings of this study, which are significant indicators that have a loading factor value > 0.7 are as follows: i) sea surface temperature (oC) as a measure of the latent variable changes in SST, ii) wind speed (m/s) and relative humidity (%) as a measure of the latent variable of weather, and iii) air temperature (oC), long-wave solar radiation (w/m2) as a measure of climate latent variables. The size of the Rsquare value is influenced by the number of gaps. The results of the boostrapping show that the latent variables of weather and climate have a significant effect on changes in SST which are indicated by the value of tstatistics > ttabel. The structural model obtained Changes in SST (η) = -0.330 weather + 0.793 climate + ζ. The model shows that the weather has a negative coefficient, which means that the better the weather conditions, the lower the SST changes. Climate has a positive coefficient, which means that the better the climate, the SST changes will also increase. Rising sea surface temperatures caused by an increase in climate can lead to global warming, impacting El-Nino and La-Nina events.
THE PREHISTORY OF THE SLAVIC CLUSTERS ST IN THE DIACHRONIC CONTEXT
Authors: ŠEFČÍK ONDŘEJ
Published: January 2022

The paper aims at presenting four different sources of the Slavic clusters st and analysing them in diachronic contexts, according to their origins (< IE *st, *št, *Ḱt, *Tt). The IE cluster *st has been fully preserved, the late IE cluster *št is de-palatalized as is the satəm-cluster *Ḱt (which has merged with *št in almost all the satəm-languages). The cluster *Tt developed regularly into st in Balto-Slavic and Indo-Iranian languages (and Greek), into 0s in Albanian and u̯t in Armenian – the Armenian development leads to preference for the cluster’s spirantization (as stated earlier by Bartholomae for Indo-Iranian) over the traditional “Brugmannian” affricativization.
A new clique polynomial approach for fractional partial differential equations
Authors: Adel Waleed , Srinivasa Kumbinarasaiah
Published: January 2022

This paper generates a novel approach called the clique polynomial method (CPM) using the clique polynomials raised in graph theory and used for solving the fractional order PDE. The fractional derivative is defined in terms of the Caputo fractional sense and the fractional partial differential equations (FPDE) are converted into nonlinear algebraic equations and collocated with suitable grid points in the current approach. The convergence analysis for the proposed scheme is constructed and the technique proved to be uniformly convegant. We applied the method for solving four problems to justify the proposed technique. Tables and graphs reveal that this new approach yield better results. Some theorems are discussed with proof.
Ironic inversions: Geographical and political islands in F.C. Delius’ Stroll from Rostock to Syracuse (1995)
Authors: Dautel Katrin
Published: January 2022

The paper analyses Friedrich Christian Delius’ story Der Spaziergang von Rostock nach Syrakus (1995) in the context of island discourses and the discursive construction of insular spaces. It argues that, in a satirical adaptation of Seume’s Stroll to Syracuse (1803), Delius reconceptualises the Mediterranean island of Sicily as the traditionalplace of longing in German travel literature since the 18th century by contrasting it to the political ‘island’ of the GDR. He constructs the socialist state as a place of yearning and develops a counter-discourse to the established European island imaginary.
Der Gebrauch der Modalverben in juristischen Texten Eine deutsch-kroatische Fallstudie
Authors: Radoš Žaklina , Karačić Geriena
Published: January 2022

In Mittelpunkt dieser Fallstudie steht der Gebrauch der Modalverben als Ausdrucksmittel der objektiven Modalität. Gegenstand der Untersuchung sind die Vorschriften aus dem deutschen Steuerrecht zur Ausstellung von Rechnungen und die entsprechenden Vorschriften des kroatischen Mehrwertsteuergesetzes. Der deutsche sowie der kroatische Normtext wurdenzuerst quantitativ analysiert und anschließend einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring (2015) unterzogen. Die Frequenzanalyse belegt, dass das Modalverb können am häufigsten im deutschen Text vorkommt und das Modalverb morati (müssen) im kroatischen Text. Außerdem wurde festgestellt, dass im deutschen Text fast genauso viele Modalverben wie Modalitätsverben und Konstruktionen mit „sein/ haben + Infinitiv“ und „verpflichtet sein + zu + Infinitiv“ vorkommen. Im kroatischen Text hingegen überwiegen die Modalverben, wobei die Konstruktion „je obvezan“ (ist verpflichtet) im Verhältnis zu den Modalverben nur einen Anteil von einem Viertel hat. Die Ergebnisse dieser Fallstudie dienen als Anregung zu umfangreicheren Analysen an weiteren Texten des Steuerrechts in der deutschen und kroatischen Sprache.
Update on dyslipidemia in hypothyroidism: the mechanism of dyslipidemia in hypothyroidism
Authors: Liu Huixing , Peng Daoquan
Published: January 2022

Hypothyroidism is often associated with elevated serum levels of total cholesterol, LDL-C and triglycerides. Thyroid hormone (TH) affects the production, clearance and transformation of cholesterol, but current research shows that thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) also participates in lipid metabolism independently of TH. Therefore, the mechanism of hypothyroidism-related dyslipidemia is associated with the decrease of TH and the increase of TSH levels. Some newly identified regulatory factors, such as proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9, angiogenin-like proteins and fibroblast growth factors are the underlying causes of dyslipidemia in hypothyroidism. HDL serum concentration changes were not consistent, and its function was reportedly impaired. The current review focuses on the updated understanding of the mechanism of hypothyroidism-related dyslipidemia.
Ovine fetal testis stage-specific sensitivity to environmental chemical mixtures
Authors: Lea Richard G , Mandon-Pépin Beatrice , Loup Benoit , Poumerol Elodie , Jouneau Luc , Egbowon Biola F , Bowden Adelle , Cotinot Corinne , Purdie Laura , Zhang Zulin , Fowler Paul A , Sinclair Kevin D
Published: January 2022

Exposure of the fetal testis to numerous individual environmental chemicals (ECs) is frequently associated with dysregulated development, leading to impaired adult reproductive competence. However, ‘real-life’ exposure involves complex mixtures of ECs. Here we test the consequences, for the male fetus, of exposing pregnant ewes to EC mixtures derived from pastures treated with biosolids fertiliser (processed human sewage). Fetal testes from continuously exposed ewes were either unaffected at day 80 or exhibited a reduced area of testis immunostained for CYP17A1 protein at day 140. Fetal testes from day 140 pregnant ewes that were exposed transiently for 80-day periods during early (0–80 days), mid (30–110 days), or late (60–140 days) pregnancy had fewer Sertoli cells and reduced testicular area stained for CYP17A1. Male fetuses from ewes exposed during late pregnancy also exhibited reduced fetal body, adrenal and testis mass, anogenital distance, and lowered testosterone; collectively indicative of an anti-androgenic effect. Exposure limited to early gestation induced more testis transcriptome changes than observed for continuously exposed day 140 fetuses. These data suggest that a short period of EC exposure does not allow sufficient time for the testis to adapt. Consequently, testicular transcriptomic changes induced during the first 80 days of gestation may equate with phenotypic effects observed at day 140. In contrast, relatively fewer changes in the testis transcriptome in fetuses exposed continuously to ECs throughout gestation are associated with less severe consequences. Unless corrected by or during puberty, these differential effects would predictably have adverse outcomes for adult testicular function and fertility.
The Exploration of the Food Education Program in Primary and Secondary Schools
Authors: Li Baosen , Zhang Dongya , Gao Yucai
Published: January 2022

Nowadays, unhealthy dietary habits, insufficient food knowledge, and lack of manual skills are typical issues among primary and secondary school students in China. To help students build up a strong constitution and life wisdom, Weifang Hansheng School of Shandong developed a food education course. This paper expounds on the course framework, contents of food education textbooks and the measures to implement the course.
Vaccinating with a COVID-19 Vaccine: Experience of the Tertiary Allergology Center
Authors: Žilėnaitė Eglė , Malinauskienė Laura , Černiauskas Kęstutis , Griguola Linas , Linauskienė Kotryna , Kvedarienė Violeta , Chomičienė Anželika
Published: January 2022

Background: Allergic reactions after messenger RNA (mRNA)-based COVID-19 vaccines have been reported but detailed descriptions and further actions are not well characterized. Objective: To describe the symptoms of possible allergic reactions after the mRNA COVID-19 vaccine and outcomes of further vaccination. Methods: We descriptively analyzed data of adult (≥18 years of age) patients, who were sent for vaccination to our outpatient center for the Diagnostics and Treatment of Allergic and Immune diseases. All patients were vaccinated with the Pfizer–BioNTech Comirnaty® vaccine.Results: From January 2021 to July 2021 twenty-two patients were vaccinated in our center. Six patients experienced a reaction after the first Comirnaty® dose in different vaccination centers. The majority of them complained of various types of rashes after the first dose, one case was consistent with anaphylaxis. The latter patient was tested with the skin prick using Pfizer–BioNTech Comirnaty® vaccine and the test was negative. Other sixteen patients were vaccinated in our center from the first dose because of past allergic reactions to other medication or due to concomitant mast cell disorder. All patients were vaccinated without any immediate adverse reactions.Conclusions: None of our patients experienced repeated cutaneous reactions after the second dose. Patients with previous anaphylaxis or mastocytosis also were safely vaccinated.
La mort et l’écriture dans la prose lithuanienne : J. Biliunas, J. Aputis,
Authors: Keršytė Nijolė
Published: January 2022

A partir de l’approche anthropo-sémiotique (les travaux de Morin et de Greimas), nous nous interrogeons sur les possibilités de l’analyse de la mort dans la littérature : comment écrit-on dans la perspective de la mort et comment y comprend-on l’écriture même ? Les réflexions théoriques sont accompagnées par l’analyse pratique qui vise de montrer, à travers trois générations d’écrivains (Jonas Biliunas, Juozas Aputis, Sigitas Parulskis), comment l’autoréflexivité de l’écriture littéraire se développait dans la littérature lithuanienne et comment elle est liée à la conscience de la mort. L’analyse a montré que le rapport de l’individu à la mort, autant existentiel que discursif, est directement déterminé par son rapport à la collectivité. Et l’autoréflexivité littéraire dépend également du rapport de l’écrivain avec sa communauté. Cela a permis de mettre en doute une thèse établie dans la sémiotique de Greimas que l’univers sémantique individuel est généré par la catégorie /vie vs mort/. De plus, dans cette recherche, nous nous refusons de considéré l’opposition vie/mort comme purement logique et la réduire ainsi à l’opposition être/non-être, ce qu’on fait en sémiotique, anthropologie et philosophie classique. En suivant Heidegger, nous la considérons comme une catégorie existentielle et ainsi étroitement liée à l’expérience du temps. L’analyse de la conscience individuelle (et non pas uniquement universelle) de la mort et de sa production du discours a montré que le temps – la mémoire et sa mise en parole – n’est pas un élément superficiel, il constitue la poétique du discours narratif.
Trečiasis semiotikos išsižadėjimas
Authors: Petrošius Donatas
Published: January 2022

Kęstučiui Nastopkai

Protagonistas šiemet nieko neparašė. Sausra, pusiaunudžiūvęs slyvmedis, poetas, ne klasikas, bet gyvas.Geria per mažai vandens, nebegauna laiškų. Už tai irnegauna, kad. Visko gyvenime matė, daugiau nebenoribūti kritiku. Eis tiesiai prie veidrodžio, ims skustuvą.Bet ir čia jau būta kažkieno gerokai anksčiau už mus.Veidrodyje pakabino paveikslą iš knygos. Rėmų vidurydažų sluoksniai nuskutinėti. Visi. Vaikiška akis iš tenakimirką šypteli. Poetas daug dirbo šią vasarą. Krosnįnugriovė pats. Protagonistas tuo metu kažkur dalyvavo.Grįžo su barzda, o veidrodis jau be rėmų, vasara kažkurpasiliko neatsakingai išeikvota. Astronominiai ženklai,vėlyba vakarinė kava, nervai. Savo vietose. Menastrumpas, įrėmintas, o gyvenimas – visoks. Amžinos tikstruktūros. Paskolinkit valandai protagonistui Greimokaukolę. Tą tikrąją, tą vienintelę. Ne Algirdo, ne Juliaus,o va tą – su kvadratinėmis akiduobėmis. Tada jis, tadajis tam poetui, tada jis tam vaikui ir tam sautam vaikui ir tam poetuitada jis – tam sau
oncepts in development of fast, simple, stability indicating HPLC method for analysis of atorvastatin related compounds in tablets
Authors: Piponski Marjan , Stoimenova Tanja Bakovska , Piponska Magdalena , Serafimovska Gordana Trendovska
Published: January 2022

New, fast, simple and mild conditioned High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method for determination of atorvastatin and its 7 main specified impurities, as well as unspecified impurities that might possibly appear, was developed. Chromatographic runs last between 25 and 40 minutes, with simple stepwise gradient elution. The main accent in our method development strategy was focused on mobile phase, composed of simple binary system composed of phosphate buffer and acetonitrile, at pH 4.1, without use of tetrahydrofuran, ion-pair reagents, trifluoroacetic acid and other modifiers with high Ultraviolet (UV) cut-off like absorptive acetate or formiate buffers or amines. With our concept of mobile phase, different columns from myriad were tested, with different efficiency, dimensions and properties, which resulted in different separation efficiency and run time. The best results, concerning essential critical peak resolution, run time length including column preparation and equilibration and column backpressure, were achieved with: YMC C18 Triart 150mm x 4.6mm, 3µm (YMC America, Inc.), afterwards with Nucleodur 100-3-C18ec 250mm x 4.6mm, 3µm (Macherey-Nagel GmbH & Co., Germany), Waters Symmetry C18 250mm x 4.6mm, 5µm (Waters, USA) and Superspher C18e 125mm x 4mm, 4µm (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany). All this columns achieve excellent results regarding obligated critical resolution between atorvastatin impurity B and atorvastatin (according to European Pharmacopoeia),1 or in some cases between atorvastatin impurity B and atorvastatin impurity C, to be minimum about 1.5, in both cases.
COVID-19 and Antibiotic Prescribing in Pediatric Primary Care
Authors: Dutcher Lauren , Li Yun , Lee Giyoung , Grundmeier Robert , Hamilton Keith W. , Gerber Jeffrey S.
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

With the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, pediatric ambulatory encounter volume and antibiotic prescribing both decreased; however, the durability of these reductions in pediatric primary care in the United States has not been assessed.

METHODS

We conducted a retrospective observational study to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated public health measures on antibiotic prescribing in 27 pediatric primary care practices. Encounters from January 1, 2018, through June 30, 2021, were included. The primary outcome was monthly antibiotic prescriptions per 1000 patients. Interrupted time series analysis was performed.

RESULTS

There were 69 327 total antibiotic prescriptions from April through December in 2019 and 18 935 antibiotic prescriptions during the same months in 2020, a 72.7% reduction. The reduction in prescriptions at visits for respiratory tract infection (RTI) accounted for 87.3% of this decrease. Using interrupted time series analysis, overall antibiotic prescriptions decreased from 31.6 to 6.4 prescriptions per 1000 patients in April 2020 (difference of −25.2 prescriptions per 1000 patients; 95% CI: −32.9 to −17.5). This was followed by a nonsignificant monthly increase in antibiotic prescriptions, with prescribing beginning to rebound from April to June 2021. Encounter volume also immediately decreased, and while overall encounter volume quickly started to recover, RTI encounter volume returned more slowly.

CONCLUSIONS

Reductions in antibiotic prescribing in pediatric primary care during the COVID-19 pandemic were sustained, only beginning to rise in 2021, primarily driven by reductions in RTI encounters. Reductions in viral RTI transmission likely played a substantial role in reduced RTI visits and antibiotic prescriptions.
Influence of ultraviolet radiation on aquatic plants in conditions of low lighting
Authors: Shugurov O. O. , Oliynik G. M.
Published: January 2022

The effect of ultraviolet radiation (UV-r) on aquatic vegetation in conditions of general insufficient illumination was studied in laboratory conditions. In the studies such species of aquatic vegetation were used – submerged hornwort (Ceratophyllum demersum), thai fern (Microsorium pteropus), and globular cladophore (Aegagropila linnaei). The studies were carried out simultaneously in 3 aquariums, 3 liters each, with five iterations. For each of the experiments, the containers with water were covered with black paper on all sides, and 3 plants of each species were placed. Low-power LEDs were installed above the water surface of each aquarium. 2 white LEDs of the FYL-3014SRC brand (each with a power of 0.06 W at a luminous intensity of 600 mcd) were used for control experiments. In other versions of experiments with irradiation, we used – 2 white and 2 UV-diodes (similar power), and 2 white diodes together with 6 UV-diodes. Every week during the experiment, the morphometric parameters (weight, leaf area, length) and color of vegetation were measured during a 30-day continuous exposure from the sources described above. At the end of the experiment, it was found that with a general low power of white illumination, the presence of additional UV-r can have a multidirectional effect on vegetation that lives at different levels of the water system. Thus, UV irradiation negatively affects rootless plants of the upper layers of aquatic systems (Ceratophyllum demersum), probably due to known disturbances in the their photosynthetic apparatus. UV-r led to a decrease in the mass and leaf area of such plants (by 80–90 %), a change in their color, disruption of their vital activity, the development of tissue decay processes and even death by the end of the experiment. On root plants (Microsorium pteropus) with arrow-shaped leaves pointing upwards, additional UV-r can support the light balance and to some extent compensate (by 10–15 %) the overall decline in the level of their development (by 60–75 %). Bottom vegetation (Aegagropila sauterii), living at a depth of up to 5 m, is able to fully compensate for the lack of natural illumination by UV irradiation. UV-r penetrates the water column and after re-radiation on elements of aqueous solution penentrates to a considerable depth in the form of longer waves, and then used of plants with a general increase in the measured parameters by 5–20 %. This article concludes that the final effect on aquatic plants is formed by the depth of their habitat and the total intensity of light falling on the surface of the aquatic system. At the same time, under conditions of a lack of light, UV-r can act negatively on plants that are located close to the surface of the water, and at the same time positively as an additional source of energy – on benthic plants.