bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMAHAMAN GURU PRASEKOLAH RAUDHATUL ATHFAL TENTANG KESIAPAN SEKOLAH ANAK
Authors: Syarfina Syarfina , Yetti Elindra , Fridani Lara
Published: April 2018

Preschool teachers including Raudhatul Athfal (RA) teachers have an important role in building children's school readiness. The purpose of this research is to find out to what extend RA teachersâ€™ understanding about childrenâ€™s school readiness. The research was conducted by using qualitative approaches. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to all RA teachers in Langsa. The results show that teachers understand school readiness as a child's readiness to continue school based on the age, independence in daily activities, and the ability to write, read and count. Activities implemented by RA teachers in building children's school readiness by playing, singing, and field trips while materials used such as colors, props, cards, and beams. Teachers assessed childrenâ€™s school readiness by observing daily activities and evaluating of studentâ€™s work. Family factors are considered as a major impact on children's school readiness. Recommendation are made in term of findings is planning some intervention to improve teacher's understanding on children's school readiness concept.
 
Keywords: school readiness, childrenâ€™s shool readiness, preshcool teacher, preparedness program.
 
 
Guru prasekolah termasuk guru Raudhatul Athfal (RA) memiliki peran penting dalam membangun kesiapan sekolah anak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sejauh mana pemahaman guru RA tentang kesiapan sekolah anak. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner yang disebarkan kepada seluruh guru RA di Kota Langsa. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa guru memahami kesiapan sekolah sebagai kesiapan anak untuk melanjutkan sekolah berdasarkan usia, kemandirian dalam melakukan aktivitas harian, serta kemampuan dalam hal menulis, membaca dan berhitung. Kegiatan yang dilakukan guru RA dalam membangun kesiapan sekolah anak meliputi bermain, bernyanyi, dan field trip dengan material berupa warna, alat peraga, kartu, dan balok. Guru menilai kesiapan sekolah anak dengan melakukan observasi harian dan evaluasi hasil karya. Faktor keluarga dianggap yang memberi pengaruh besar dalam hal kesiapan sekolah anak. Rekomendasi dari penelitian ini agar adanya tindakan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman guru terhadap konsep kesiapan sekolah anak.
 
Kata kunci: Kesiapan sekolah, Kesiapan sekolah anak usia dini, guru prasekolah, program persiapan.
MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KELINCAHAN PADA SISWA TAMAN KANAK-KANAK
Authors: Widiastuti Widi , Ridwan Iwan
Published: April 2018

The aim of this research was to create an agility learning model for pre-elementary school students. The approach of this study used to research and development model of Borg and Gall. The result of the small group trial from the easiness aspect was 85,58% and the attractiveness aspect was 86,35% which were very good. Meanwhile, the result of the big trial from the easiness aspect reached 86,41% and from the attractiveness, aspect reached 86,35% which were also very good. The effectiveness of the model was confirmed effective to be used. The result of to was 14,92 and t-table was 1,697, therefore to > t-table or Ho was rejected. It can be concluded that the agility learning model in this study is effective to be applied to early age kids.
 
Keywords: Physical Education, Agility, Preschool
 
 
Abstrak, Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan model kelincahan bagi siswa Taman Kanak-Kanak. Pendekatan penelitian pengembangan model kelincahan ini menggunakan model penelitian dan pengembangan (Research and Development) dari Borg dan Gall.Hasil uji coba kelompok kecil diperoleh hasil kriteria ditinjau aspek kemudahan model pembelajaran kelincahan diperoleh nilai 85,58% dan dinyatakan baik sekali, sedangkan aspek kemenarikan diperoleh nilai 86,16 % dan dinyatakan baik sekali. Hasil uji coba kelompok besar diperoleh hasil kriteria ditinjau aspek kemudahan model pembelajaran kelincahan diperoleh nilai 86,41% dan dinyatakan baik sekali sedangkan ditinjau dari aspek kemenarikan diperoleh nilai 86,35% dan dinyatakan baik sekali. Keefektifan model yang dikembangkan, dinyatakan efektif untuk digunakan. Berdasarkan dari hasil perbandingan antara nilai tes awal dan tes akhir yang diberikan kepada siswa diperoleh hasil t0 sebesar 14,92 dan ttabel 1,697. Dengan demikian, t0 = 14,92 > ttabel = 1,697 atau H0 ditolak. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa model kelincahan yang peneliti kembangkan efektif untuk diterapkan pada anak usia dini.
 
Kata Kunci: Pendidikan Jasmani, Kelincahan, PAUD
PENGEMBANGAN FILM PENDEK BERBASIS KARAKTER PADA ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Kristanto Wisnu
Published: April 2018

This study aims to develop a character-based short film that is played by early childhood. The research method of developing the video media of this character study uses the R & D stage of Dick and Carey which is taken in 10 stages. Based on data analysis in field test, it shows that t-hitung is smaller than t-table (0.75> 2.110). Thus Ho is rejected and Ha accepted. The results show that there is a significant difference between the experimental class and the control class that using character-based film media can improve children's moral and religious abilities. Early childhood conclusions using Audio-Visual Media (FILM) are more interested and more motivated to follow lessons, especially in terms of moral and religious values (based on the basis of film, character)
 
Key words: Medium short films, Characters, early childhood
 
Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan sebuah film pendek berbasis karakter yang dimainkan oleh anak usia dini. Metode penelitian dan pengembangan media video pembelajaran karakter ini  menggunakan  siklus tahapan R & D dari Dick dan Carey yang di tempuh dalam 10 tahap. Berdasarkan analisa data dalam uji lapangan, menunjukkan bahwa Thitung lebih kecil dari pada ttabel (0.75>2.110). Dengan demikian Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Hasil menujukkan terdapat perbedaan secara signifikan antara kelas experimen dan kelas control bahwa dengan menggunakan media film berbasis karakter ini dapat meningkatkan kemampuan anak-anak dalam bidang moral dan agama. Kesimpulan anak usia dini yang menggunakan Media Audio Visual (FILM) lebih tertarik dan lebih termotivasi untuk mengikuti pelajaran, terutama dalam aspek nilai moral dan agama (sesuai dengan basis dari film karakter).
Kata Kunci: Media film pendek, Karakter, Anak usia dini
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN MENCERITAKAN KEMBALI ISI CERITA MELALUI ALAT PERAGA GAMBAR SERI DI TK NEGERI PEMBINA KABUPATEN SRAGEN
Authors: Sri Mulatsih Yustina Laurentius , Suharno Suharno , Anitah Sri
Published: April 2018

Retelling story is the simplest part of narrative skill in early-aged children. This study aims to understand the learning process to improve skill of retelling story of kindergarten school using series picture in TK Negeri Pembina Kabupaten Sragen. This study is a classroom action research consisted of two cycles and directly conducted in teaching process by teacher. In this study the teaching learning process adopted storytelling technique using media of series picture which students can listen and try to use picture at the same time.  By those ways, students are supposed to be able to retell a story they have listened to as a response and an improvement of language development aspect. The data gathered in this study is analyzed using descriptive quantitative method by comparing the pre-condition to with results from cycle I and cycle II. The finding shows that in cycle I indicating an improvement of passing grade criteria from pre condition which is 15,38% to 30,77% at the end of the cycle I and after treatment which student actively try to retell the criteria move to 69,23% at the end of cycle II.  It proven that series picture is effective to improve retelling skill of kindergarten student.
 
Keyword : storytelling, series picture, retelling skill
 
 
Menceritakan kembali merupakan bagian paling sederhana dari keterampilan bercerita anak usia dini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses pembelajaran dalam rangka meningkatkan keterampilan anak dalam menceritakan kembali isi cerita yang telah diceritakan dengan menggunakan gambar seri di TK Negeri Pembina Kabupaten Sragen. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang terdiri dari dua siklus dan dilakukan secara langsung dalam proses kegiatan pembelajaran yang dilakukan oleh guru. Dalam penelitian ini, proses pembelajaran dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik bercerita dengan menggunakan alat peraga buku cerita gambar seri dimana anak-anak dapat mendengarkan dan mencoba menggunakan gambar di saat bersamaan. Dengan mendengarkan dan melihat guru bercerita, diharapkan mampu mencertakan kembali isi cerita sebagai bentuk respon dan pengembangan kemampuan berbahasa. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dengan membandingkan kondisi awal siswa serta hasil dari siklus I dan siklus II. Hasil penelitian ini adalah pada siklus pertama terjadi peningkatan dari kondisi awal yang hanya memiliki ketuntasan 15,38% menjadi 30,77% pada akhir siklus I kemudian setelah diberikan perlakuan dimana siswa aktif mencoba bercerita bergantian ketuntasan meningkat lagi menjadi 69, 23% pada akhir siklus II. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa gambar seri dianggap efektif meningkatkan kemampuan anak didik dalam menceritakan kembali isi cerita yang telah diceritakan guru.
 
Kata kunci: bercerita, gambar seri, kemampuan menceritakan kembali.
El caballero de Boufflers y su sueño de huida social a través de L’Heureux accident, conte (1807) y Ah! si…, nouvelle allemande (1810)
Authors: De Vicente-Yagüe Jara Antonio J.
Published: May 2018

En 1807, Boufflers fit publier le conte L’Heureux accident dans le Mercure de France, sous forme de feuilleton, et, en 1810, parut Ah! si… dans un recueil composé de trois contes du même auteur: Le Derviche, conte oriental, suivi de Tamara, ou Le lac des pénitents, nouvelle indienne, et de Ah! si..., nouvelle allemande. Ces contes moraux, écrits pendant la première décennie du XIXe siècle, exposent les convictions conservatrices de Boufflers dans les dernières années de sa vie. Ils illustrent le désir intime de Boufflers de se retirer de la société qui le déçoit et de trouver au sein de la famille un refuge où l’individu peut jouir en paix du bonheur, de l’amour et de l’amitié partagés.
APPLYING OF ACTIVITIES MANAGEMENT BASED ON SELF-LEARNING
Authors: Samsonkin Valerii , Druz’ Valerii , Feldman Albert
Published: May 2018

The article is devoted to a brief presentation and application in practice of an effective management way of human activities and human-technical communities one. This way was called Method of statistical regularity (Method of self-organizing processes). In fact, this is a system approach. For the first time, the application of this approach is shown on the example of quality management of the technological process. Practical management is shown using an algorithm. The effectiveness of the author's system approach is explained by the consideration of the final result of the activity as a goal and a system-forming factor of activity, taking into account the individual features of the management object, real statistics of activity. The system approach described in the article is a universal devise of management. It can be used and already used to manage individual functions of the enterprise, the process, the human operator, the community
Facile Synthesis and Characterization of Chitosan Nanofibers by Oil/Water Emulsion Method
Authors: Dhanusuraman Ragupathy , Muthusankar E , Kamalakannan D
Published: April 2018

A facial approach for the synthesis of surfactant free, biodegradable and eco-friendly chitosan nanofibers (CS-NFS) was prepared by Oil/Water Emulsion method. The morphology of the CS-NFS was examined by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). FE-SEM images show the nanoscale chitosan nanofibers formation with sizes in the ranges of ~100-200 nm. Physiochemical characterizations of the CS-NFS were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV-visible spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The CS-NFS are expected to be useful in electrical, optical and electrochemical devices.
Integer-valued Time Series Model via Generalized Linear Models Technique of Estimation
Authors: Olanrewaju Rasaki Olawale
Published: April 2018

The paper authenticated the need for separate positive integer time series model(s). This was done from the standpoint of a proposal for both mixtures of continuous and discrete time series models. Positive integer time series data are time series data subjected to a number of events per constant interval of time that relatedly fits into the analogy of conditional mean and variance which depends on immediate past observations. This includes dependency among observations that can be best described by Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH) model with Poisson distributed error term due to its positive integer defined range of values. As a result, an integer GARCH model with Poisson distributed error term was formed in this paper and called Integer Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (INGARCH). Iterative Reweighted Least Square (IRLS) parameter estimation technique type of the Generalized Linear Models (GLM) was adopted to estimate parameters of the two spilt models; Linear and Log-linear INGARCH models deduced from the identity link function and logarithmic link function, respectively. This resulted from the log-likelihood function generated from the GLM via the random component that follows a Poisson distribution. A study of monthly successful bids of auction from 2003 to 2015 was carried out. The Probabilistic Integral Transformation (PIT) and scoring rule pinpointed the uniformity of the linear INGARCH than that of the log-linear INGARCH in describing first order autocorrelation, serial dependence and positive conditional effects among covariates based on the immediate past. The linear INGARCH model outperformed the log-linear INGARCH model with (AIC = 10514.47, BIC = 10545.01, QIC = 34128.56) and (AIC = 37588.83, BIC = 37614.28, QIC = 37587.3), respectively.
Análise do investimento e produção em C&T no Brasil entre 2002 e 2010
Authors: Alves Camila Guimarães Monteiro de Freitas , Oliveira Murilo Alvarenga
Published: April 2018

O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a relação entre o esforço público para o progresso da ciência e da tecnologia por meio dos investimentos realizados pelo Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) e a produção técnico-científica do país em termos de publicação de artigos em periódicos e geração de patentes. A base teórica abordou os conceitos sobre ciência, tecnologia e inovação (CT&I) e o contexto brasileiro de incentivo à CT&I. A questão de pesquisa trata da relação entre o investimento em ciência e tecnologia, a publicação e a produção técnica no Brasil. O estudo foi de natureza descritiva com tratamento quantitativo por análise de correlação. Os meios de investigação foram por pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. A coleta dos dados consistiu na identificação dos investimentos realizados pelo CNPq descritos em seu balanço nos anos de 2002 a 2010 e a produção técnico-científica neste período. Os resultados apontam a existência da relação entre o investimento em C&T com a produção técnico-científica. Em relação à publicação, observa-se que esta possui correlação com cinco dos sete itens dos investimentos analisados e baixa correlação com dois itens. No que tange à produção técnica, também há correlação com cinco dos sete itens.
Electro-Discharge Machining of Aluminum Alloy with Nickel Powder-Mixed Dielectric
Authors: P Srinivasa Rao , K Eshwara Prasad
Published: April 2018

Powder-mixed dielectric fluid is one of the innovations of electrode-discharge machining (EDM) which seeks to improve the process outputs by addition of Nickel powders to the dielectric during machining. In the present study, the influence of Nickel powder in kerosene dielectric fluid on EDM process outputs was investigated.  Experiments were conducted with the outputs as material removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness(Ra). During the EDM, the discharge current was varied between 3 and 15 A, while powder concentration ranges between 2 and 10 g/l.  Results indicate that the highest MRR of  39.888 mm3 /min was obtained with Nickel powder concentration of 6 g/l at the current of  9A, where as the lowest SR of  3.397 μm was obtained with Nickel concentration of 3 g/l at the current of 3A.
هۆكاره‌ بونیادییه‌كانی جیاوازی جێنده‌ری توێژینه‌وه‌یه‌كی مه‌یدانیه‌ له‌ شاری سلێمانیدا
Authors: Mohammed Kurdistan O. , Kareem Luqman S.
Published: April 2018

گفتوگۆكردن و وردبوونەوە لە بابەتى جێندەر یەكێكە لەو باسانەى كە لەڕۆژگارى  ئەمرۆى كۆمەڵگە مرۆڤایەتییەكاندا زیاتر جەختى لەسەر دەكرێتەوە وەك لە پێشووتر. هەرچەندە بابەتەكە بەپێى كۆمەڵ و كۆمەڵگەكان دەگۆڕێت بەلاَم خاڵى لەیەكچوون و جیاوازى بەبەردەوامى بوونى هەیە. دیارە كۆمەڵگەى كوردیش بەدەر نیە لەو كۆمەڵگەیانەى كە چەند فاكتەرو دۆخێكى دیاریكراو، كاریگەرى و شوێندەستى خۆى لەسەر ئەم بابەتە هەیە. ئێمە لێرەدا دەمانەوێت لەڕەوشى ئێستەى ژنان و ئافرەتان لە هەرێمى كوردستاندا، لەبەر ڕۆشنایى و كاریگەرى چەمكى جێندەریدا بخەینە بەر باس و توێژینەوە. بەمانەیەكى تر لەم توێژینەوەیەدا هەوڵدەدەین ئەو فاكتەرانە بخەینەڕوو كەپەیوەندى ڕاستەوخۆیان بە بەرەوپێشچوون یان دواكەوتنى ڕەوشى ئافرەتانەوە هەیە. پاشان لەناویاندا جەخت لەسەر ڕۆڵ و كاریگەرى جیاوازى جێندەرى دەكەینەوەو لەسەر ئەو بنەمایەى كە چۆن ئاڕاستەى ڕەوشى ژیانى ژنان و  ئافرەتان بەرەو ئاڕاستەیەكى پۆزەتڤ یان نێگەتڤ هەنگاو هەلَدەگرێت. توێژینەوەكە لەدوو دەروازەدا كۆكراوەتەوە. دەروازەى یەكەم لایەنى تیۆرى توێژینەوەكەیە كە لە دوو بەش پێكدێت. بەشى یەكەم بریتییە لە پێكهاتە سەرەكییەكانى توێژینەوەكە: كێشەو گرنگى و ئامانج و دیاریكردنى چەمكەكانى توێژینەوەكە. بەشی دووەم: باسكردنە لەو هۆكارە بونیادیانەى كە جیاوازى جێندەرى چڕتر دەكەنەوەو كارلەسەر ئەوە دەكەن كە جیاوازى جێندەرى زیاتر زەق بكەنەوە. دەروازەى دووەمى توێژینەوەكەش لەلایەنى مەیدانى توێژینەوەكە پێكدێت، بەشی سێیەم: باس لەچوارچێوەى میتۆدى بۆ توێژینەوەكە دەكات و میتۆدى كێوماڵى كۆمەلاَیەتى بەكاردێت بەئامانجى خوێندنەوەى واقعى كۆمەڵگەى توێژینەوەكە كە دۆخى ئافرەتانى كۆمەڵگەى كوردیە. سەرەڕاى تیشك خستنەسەر كۆمەڵگەو نمونەى توێژینەوەكەو ئامرازەكانى كۆكردنەوەى زانیارى و ڕاستگۆیى و جێگیرى فۆڕمى توێژینەوەكەو ئامرازە ئامارییە بەكارهێنراوەكان. لەبەشی چوارەمدا: خستنەڕوو گفتوگۆكردنى ئامانج و ئەنجامەكانى توێژینەوەكەو زۆررێك لەو پرسیارانە وەلاَم دەدرێنەوە كە لەچوارچێوەى ڕەوشى ژیانی ئافرەتانى كۆمەڵگەى كوردى لەپەیوەندیدا بەجیاوازى جێندەرییەوە خۆیان مەلاَسداوە لەڕێگەى داتاو زانیارى ژمارەییەوە. هەروەها ئامانجەكانى توێژینەوەكە وەلاَمى خۆیان وەردەگرنء شیكارى ئاماریان بۆ دەكرێت. لەكۆتایشدا چەند پێشنیارو ڕاسپاردەیەك, سەرچاوە زانستیەكان، پاشكۆكان و هەریەك لەكورتەى توێژینەوەكە بەزمانى عەرەبى و ئینگلیزى دەخرێنەڕوو.
Efficacy of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy in Reducing Suicidal Ideation and Deliberate Self-Harm: Systematic Review
Authors: Tighe Joseph , Nicholas Jennifer , Shand Fiona , Christensen Helen
Published: April 2018

Background

Since its emergence in the 1980s, acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) has become a reputable evidence-based psychological therapy for certain disorders. Trials examining the efficacy of ACT are spread across a broad spectrum of presentations, such as chronic pain, anxiety, and depression. Nevertheless, ACT has very rarely been trialed as an intervention for suicidal ideation (SI) or deliberate self-harm (DSH).

Objective

The objective of this review is to assess the efficacy of ACT in reducing SI and DSH and to examine the suitability of reported SI, DSH, and other measures in determining the efficacy of ACT.

Methods

We systematically reviewed studies on ACT as intervention for SI and self-harm. Electronic databases, including MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, SCOPUS, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, were searched. The reference lists of included studies and relevant systematic reviews were examined to identify additional publications. Search terms were identified with reference to the terminology used in previous review papers on ACT and suicide prevention. The study design was not restricted to randomized controlled trials. Screening was completed by 2 reviewers, and all duplicates were removed. Publications were excluded if they were not published in English, were multicomponent therapy or were not based on ACT, or lacked a validated measure or structured reporting of SI/DSH outcomes.

Results

After removing the duplicates, 554 articles were screened for relevance. Following the screening, 5 studies that used ACT as an intervention for suicidal or self-harming individuals were identified. The studies used diverse methodologies and included 2 case studies, 2 pre–post studies, and 1 mHealth randomized controlled trial.

Conclusions

The review found that ACT is effective in reducing SI in the 2 pre–post studies but not in other studies. However, given the small number and lack of methodological rigor of the studies included in this review, insufficient evidence exists for the recommendation of ACT as an intervention for SI or DSH.
Team Resilience Training in the Workplace: E-Learning Adaptation, Measurement Model, and Two Pilot Studies
Authors: Bennett Joel B , Neeper Michael , Linde Brittany D , Lucas Gale M , Simone Lindsay
Published: May 2018

Background

The majority of resilience interventions focus on the individual. Workplace resilience is a growing field of research. Given the ever-increasing interconnectedness in businesses, teamwork is a guarantee. There is also growing recognition that resilience functions at the team level.

Objective

The objective of our work was to address three shortcomings in the study of workplace resilience interventions: lack of interventions focusing on group-level or team resilience, the need for brief interventions, and the need for more theoretical precision in intervention studies.

Methods

The authors took an established evidence-based program (Team Resilience) and modified it based on these needs. A working model for brief intervention evaluation distinguishes outcomes that are proximal (perceptions that the program improved resilience) and distal (dispositional resilience). A total of 7 hypotheses tested the model and program efficacy.

Results

Two samples (n=118 and n=181) of engineering firms received the Web-based training and provided immediate reactions in a posttest-only design. The second sample also included a control condition (n=201). The findings support the model and program efficacy. For example, workplace resilience was greater in the intervention group than in the control group. Other findings suggest social dissemination effects, equal outcomes for employees at different stress levels, and greater benefit for females.

Conclusions

This preliminary research provides evidence for the capabilities of e-learning modules to effectively promote workplace resilience and a working model of team resilience.
Preliminary Evaluation of a Web-Based Psychological Screening Tool in Adolescents Undergoing Minimally Invasive Pectus Surgery: Single-Center Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Wildemeersch Davina , Bernaerts Lisa , D’Hondt Michiel , Hans Guy
Published: April 2018

Background

Preoperative anxiety and depression are predominant risk factors for increased postoperative pain. Thoracic wall deformities in adolescents often cause low self-esteem, which contributes to psychological concerns. Several studies have suggested a relationship between preoperative mental health support and enhanced recovery after surgery.

Objective

This study investigated the validity of screening questionnaires concerning psychological trait and state characteristics via a patient-specific online platform.

Methods

Patients scheduled for elective pectus surgery between June 2017 and August 2017 were invited to participate in clinical interviews and online self-report questionnaires. All patients were recruited in the Anesthesiology Department, Antwerp University Hospital, Belgium. This single-center observational cohort study was performed in accordance with the ethical standards of the International Council for Harmonisation–Good Clinical Practice guidelines and the Declaration of Helsinki after obtaining study approval by the Institutional Review Board and Ethics Committee of the Antwerp University Hospital, Belgium (study identifier: 17/08/082). An online preoperative psychological inventory was performed using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Postoperatively, pain intensity and interference were assessed using the Multidisciplinary Pain Inventory, Coping With Pain Questionnaire, and numeric pain rating scale assessment. Patient satisfaction of the Web-based platform was evaluated.

Results

A total of 21 adolescent patients used our Web-based psychological perioperative screening platform. Patients rated the mobile phone app, usability, and accessibility of the digital platform as good or excellent in 85% (17/20), 89% (17/19), and 95% (20/21) of the cases, respectively. A total of 89% (17/19) of the patients rated the effort of generating answers to the online questionnaires as low. The results from the completed questionnaires indicated a strong negative correlation between self-esteem and the anxiety trait (R=–0.72, P<.001) and overall anxiety characteristics (R=–0.49, P=.04). There was a positive correlation between depressive and anxiety characteristics and the anxiety trait (R=0.52, P=.03 and R=0.6, P=.02, respectively) measured by the online self-report questionnaires. Moreover, preoperative anxiety was positively correlated with postoperative pain interference (R=0.58, P=.02). Finally, there was a negative correlation between self-esteem and pain interference (R=–0.62, P=.01).

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03100669; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03100669 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6zPvHDhU5)
Improving Electronic Health Record Note Comprehension With NoteAid: Randomized Trial of Electronic Health Record Note Comprehension Interventions With Crowdsourced Workers (Preprint)
Authors: Lalor John P , Woolf Beverly , Yu Hong
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND

Patient portals are becoming more common, and with them, the ability of patients to access their personal electronic health records (EHRs). EHRs, in particular the free-text EHR notes, often contain medical jargon and terms that are difficult for laypersons to understand. There are many Web-based resources for learning more about particular diseases or conditions, including systems that directly link to lay definitions or educational materials for medical concepts.

OBJECTIVE

Our goal is to determine whether use of one such tool, NoteAid, leads to higher EHR note comprehension ability. We use a new EHR note comprehension assessment tool instead of patient self-reported scores.

METHODS

In this work, we compare a passive, self-service educational resource (MedlinePlus) with an active resource (NoteAid) where definitions are provided to the user for medical concepts that the system identifies. We use Amazon Mechanical Turk (AMT) to recruit individuals to complete ComprehENotes, a new test of EHR note comprehension.

RESULTS

Mean scores for individuals with access to NoteAid are significantly higher than the mean baseline scores, both for raw scores (P=.008) and estimated ability (P=.02).

CONCLUSIONS

In our experiments, we show that the active intervention leads to significantly higher scores on the comprehension test as compared with a baseline group with no resources provided. In contrast, there is no significant difference between the group that was provided with the passive intervention and the baseline group. Finally, we analyze the demographics of the individuals who participated in our AMT task and show differences between groups that align with the current understanding of health literacy between populations. This is the first work to show improvements in comprehension using tools such as NoteAid as measured by an EHR note comprehension assessment tool as opposed to patient self-reported scores.
Population Size Estimation of Venue-Based Female Sex Workers in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam: Capture-Recapture Exercise (Preprint)
Authors: Le Giang , Khuu Nghia , Tieu Van Thi Thu , Nguyen Phuc Duy , Luong Hoa Thi Yen , Pham Quang Duy , Tran Hau Phuc , Nguyen Thuong Vu , Morgan Meade , Abdul-Quader Abu S
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND

There is limited population size estimation of female sex workers (FSWs) in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC)—the largest city in Vietnam. Only 1 population size estimation among venue-based female sex workers (VFSWs) was conducted in 2012 in HCMC. Appropriate estimates of the sizes of key populations are critical for resource allocation to prevent HIV infection.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to estimate the population size of the VFSWs from December 2016 to January 2017 in HCMC, Vietnam.

METHODS

A multistage capture-recapture study was conducted in HCMC. The capture procedures included selection of districts using stratified probability proportion to size, mapping to identify venues, approaching all VFSWs to screen their eligibility, and then distribution of a unique object (a small pink makeup bag) to all eligible VFSWs in all identified venues. The recapture exercise included equal probability random selection of a sample of venues from the initial mapping and then approaching FSWs in those venues to determine the number and proportion of women who received the unique object. The proportion and associated confidence bounds, calculated using sampling weights and accounting for study design, were then divided by the number of objects distributed to calculate the number of VFSWs in the selected districts. This was then multiplied by the inverse of the proportion of districts selected to calculate the number of VFSWs in HCMC as a whole.

RESULTS

Out of 24 districts, 6 were selected for the study. Mapping identified 573 venues across which 2317 unique objects were distributed in the first capture. During the recapture round, 103 venues were selected and 645 VFSWs were approached and interviewed. Of those, 570 VFSWs reported receiving the unique object during the capture round. Total estimated VFSWs in the 6 selected districts were 2616 (95% CI 2445-3014), accounting for the fact that only 25% (6/24) of total districts were selected gives an overall estimate of 10,465 (95% CI 9782-12,055) VFSWs in HCMC.

CONCLUSIONS

The capture-recapture exercise provided an estimated number of VFSWs in HCMC. However, for planning HIV prevention and care service needs among all FSWs, studies are needed to assess the number of sex workers who are not venue-based, including those who use social media platforms to sell services.
Reflexões sobre o discurso docente acerca da indisciplina e do mau desempenho escolar
Authors: Soares Roberta Rafaela Bernardino da Silva , Farias Otávia Marques de
Published: April 2018

O discurso não é neutro, nem ingênuo. Ele administra e articula memórias, ideologias e silêncios que constituem o homem e sua história. Partindo de tais pressupostos, este estudo analisa o discurso docente sob a perspectiva da Análise do Discurso francesa, fundamentando-se principalmente em Orlandi (2003), Brandão (2004) e Maingueneau (2005). Examinamos os posicionamentos de professores de Língua Portuguesa do Ensino Fundamental II sobre indisciplina e mau desempenho escolar. Para isso, foram realizadas e registradas em arquivos de áudio seis entrevistas semiestruturadas com professores do município de Barreira e sete entrevistas com professores do município de Redenção, ambos situados na região do Maciço de Baturité, no Ceará. Problematizamos os entrecruzamentos discursivos presentes no discurso docente e refletimos sobre a construção simbólica da realidade a partir do olhar desses sujeitos aparentemente neutros, mas carregados de ideologias. Em nossas entrevistas, percebemos que os docentes apropriaram-se de quatro ideias socialmente instituídas: a) A interação em sala é regulada pelo professor; b) A indisciplina é fruto da relação do aluno com seu contexto familiar; c) Respeito se associa à ideia de temor; d) Afetividade é o principal instrumento de aproximação com os alunos. Os resultados apontam para tensões entre o discurso da pedagogia atual e o discurso da pedagogia tradicional, frequentemente misturados nos enunciados do corpus coletado; para a ação da memória e do esquecimento, na constituição do discurso analisado, no sentido de reformular pré-construídos e produzir o efeito de novidade; para a presença de discursos outros, como o sexista, o capitalista, o jurídico e o religioso, também evidenciada nos textos analisados.
A heterogeneidade enunciativa em memes do “Bode Gaiato”
Authors: Nascimento Marcela Regina Vasconcelos da Silva
Published: April 2018

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar formas de heterogeneidade mostrada em memes do Bode Gaiato. Fundamentamo-nos, sobretudo, nos estudos de Jacqueline Authier-Revuz (1982, 1990), nos quais a autora, apoiando-se em concepções de descentramento do sujeito da psicanálise freudo-lacaniana e na noção de dialogismo de Bakhtin, discute os efeitos da presença de diversas vozes no discurso de um locutor, mostrando como todo discurso é atravessado por múltiplas vozes, de modo que não se pode acreditar na existência de discurso homogêneo. Para tanto, após a revisão de estudos teóricos de Authier-Revuz (1982, 1990), Bakhtin (2002), Benveniste (1989), Dunker (2010) e Flores; Teixeira (2005), coletamos 17 textos publicados no perfil do Bode Gaiato, numa das mais acessadas redes sociais, o Facebook. Esses textos foram, então, analisados à luz dos teóricos supracitados. Foi constatado que há, nos memes analisados, um entrecruzamento de vozes sociais bastante significativo para a construção do dizer, de modo que reconhecer essas vozes, remetendo-as aos discursos que evocam, é relevante para a compreensão desses textos. Comprova-se, assim, que todo discurso é intrinsecamente heterogêneo e que o sujeito não se constitui sozinho.
O gênero tirinhas na coleção didática “Português Linguagens” e o trabalho com a leitura em sala de aula
Authors: Fernandes da Silva Tarcilane
Published: April 2018

O gênero tirinhas, como um texto que se constrói eminentemente por meio de imagens, comporta lugares vazios que devem ser preenchidos pelo leitor por meio de conexões, inferências, ativação de conhecimentos prévios e de mundo. Embasados nisso, propomos essa investigação que tem como corpora de análise os livros didáticos “Português Linguagens 3”, de Cereja e Magalhães (1990, 1994, 2013). Nosso objetivo é analisar se estes manuais, por meio de suas atividades, têm levado o aluno a desenvolver e a enriquecer suas habilidades de leitura. Como resultados, pudemos perceber que apesar da recorrente presença desse gênero nos manuais, não houve um trabalho de aprimoramento das habilidades de leitura do aluno, as tiras apenas exemplificavam conteúdos gramaticais. Nos poucos casos em que se propuseram atividades interpretativas, limitaram-se a um único aspecto desse texto: o verbal, deixando-se de lado um elemento primordial na constituição desse gênero, o imagético.
O conceito bakhtiniano de cronotopo nas análises de discursos em situação de autoconfrontação
Authors: Lopes Wescley Batista , Moraes Rozania Maria Alves de , Gonçalves Joao Batista Costa
Published: April 2018

O presente artigo analisa o discurso de duas professoras estagiárias de francês como língua estrangeira, do Núcleo de Línguas Estrangeiras da Universidade Estadual do Ceará (NLE – UECE), sujeitos da pesquisa de Farias (2011) que participaram de um processo dialógico e reflexivo de análise da atividade docente, denominado autoconfrontação. Com isso, visamos analisar marcas linguístico-discursivas, para observar se houve a instauração de diversos espaços-tempos ou cronotopos no discurso das protagonistas, durante o processo da autoconfrontação. Empregamos as teorias desenvolvidas por Bakhtin e o Círculo sobre o dialogismo e sobre o cronotopo (BAKHTIN, 2013; 2014), os estudos de Vieira e Faïta (2003), Clot et al. (2000), Amorim (2012) e Machado (1995; 1998). Em nossos resultados, evidenciamos, a partir das análises realizadas, as diversas formas de manifestação linguístico-discursiva do cronotopo no discurso das participantes da pesquisa, como o emprego de formas verbais e adverbiais para marcar o tempo e o espaço das cenas da enunciação analisadas pelos docentes.
Um estudo sociorretórico da seção de Conclusão em artigos originais da cultura disciplinar da área de Nutrição
Authors: Pacheco Jorge Tércio Soares , Bernardino Cibele Gadelha , Freitas Tatiane Lima de
Published: April 2018

Este estudo apresenta uma proposta sociorretórica para a seção de Conclusão em artigos acadêmicos originais da cultura disciplinar da área de Nutrição, compreendendo como essa área específica constrói a referida seção do gênero. Como sustentação teórica, nós nos apoiamos nos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos de Swales (1990) no que se refere aos gêneros acadêmicos e nos modelos de configuração retórica propostos por Nwogu (1997) e Costa (2015) para artigos na área de Medicina. Para a descrição da área, fundamentamo-nos no conceito de Hyland (2000) sobre cultura disciplinar. Nossa pesquisa constitui um estudo exploratório-descritivo, de base qualitativa e quantitativa, dispondo de um corpus de trinta exemplares do gênero artigo acadêmico original na área de Nutrição, igualmente, distribuídos em seis periódicos de relevância para a área em estudo. Conforme a análise, a seção de Conclusão caracteriza-se por destacar os principais resultados e indicar as implicações práticas que a pesquisa poderá possibilitar ao conhecimento na área.
A coesão nominal em livros didáticos do ensino médio: uma análise à luz do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo
Authors: Ferreira Dodó Francisco Wallisson Ferreira , Serafim Mônica De Souza
Published: April 2018

O objetivo principal deste trabalho é analisar, à luz do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo, as propostas de ensino e aprendizagem da coesão nominal em duas coleções de livros didáticos de Português do Ensino Médio adotada pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Didático –PNLD. Para tanto, verificou-se que o ensino da coesão nominal nos livros didáticos aborda os elementos coesivos com função de introdução ou de retomada; também foi analisado se/como as propostas de abordagem de atividades nos livros didáticos contemplam as classes gramaticais como elementos linguísticos que contribuem para a coesão nominal ou se sua abordagem esvazia-se na nomenclatura gramatical ou estrutural. Para a análise, discutiram-se as contribuições dos estudos de Bronckart (1999; 2012), Machado (2009), Givón (1995), Dik (1978), Halliday & Hasan (1976), Apothéloz (2003) e Adam (2011). A pesquisa constatou que os livros trabalham a diferença entre anáfora e catáfora, atribuindo, no entanto, um olhar mais resumitivo a esta. Também constatou-se que, na maioria das questões, mesmo que sutilmente, o foco esvazia-se no ensino nomenclatural ou de identificação ou internalização de conceitos; quando se afirma estar trabalhando os conteúdos gramaticais, a fim de construir a coesão no texto, percebe-se que as questões pouco exploram as possibilidades de construção de progressão textual, limitando as formas de coesão a exercícios de substituição, objetivando que o aluno aprenda as classes gramaticais. Tal fato evidencia, assim, uma perspectiva que vê as classes gramaticais como elementos de coesão, no entanto limitada.
Muito além da flexão: um enfoque funcionalista do item linguístico meio no vernáculo conquistense e em livros didáticos de português
Authors: Barros Lima Gilsileide Cristina , Sousa Valéria Viana , Da Silva Jorge Augusto Alves
Published: April 2018

O item linguístico meio assume diversas funções ao longo da sua trajetória na Língua Portuguesa. Entrevistas extraídas de corpus do Português Culto de Vitória da Conquista apontam os vários usos dessa palavra. Nos livros didáticos de Língua Portuguesa, entretanto, desprezam-se os valores discursivo e textual que lhe são próprios, e que tendem a se fixar na língua, e mantém-se a atenção apenas na categorização gramatical e na noção preconizada pelo ensino formal de forma estigmatizada ou erro.
Medical Student Interest in Flexible Residency Training Options
Authors: Piotrowski Madison , Stulberg Debra , Egan Mari
Published: May 2018

Background and Objectives: Medical residents continue to experience high rates of burnout during residency training even after implementation of the 2003 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education duty-hour restrictions. The purpose of this study is to determine medical student interest in flexible residency training options.
Methods: Researchers developed an 11-question survey for second through fourth-year medical students. The populations surveyed included medical students who were: (1) attending the 2015 American Academy of Family Physicians National Conference, the 2015 Family Medicine Midwest Conference, and (2) enrolled at University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago, Drexel University College of Medicine, and Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine.
Results: The survey was completed by 789 medical students. Over half of medical students surveyed indicated that they would be interested in working part-time during some portion of their residency training (51%), and that access to part-time training options would increase their likelihood of applying to a particular residency program (52%). When given the option of three residency training schedules of varying lengths, 41% of male students and 60% of female students chose a 60-hour workweek, even when that meant extending the residency length by 33% and reducing their yearly salary to $39,000.
Conclusions: There is considerable interest among medical students in access to part-time residency training options and reduced-hour residency programs. This level of interest indicates that offering flexible training options could be an effective recruitment tool for residency programs and could improve students’ perception of their work-life balance during residency.
Efecto del sistema de vulcanización en la red entrecruzada y en la reacción química de vulcanización del caucho natural
Authors: Urrego Yepes William , Velásquez Restrepo Sandra Milena , Giraldo Vásquez Diego Hernán , Posada Correa Juan Carlos
Published: April 2018

Se presenta una revisión sobre el efecto del sistema de vulcanización en la estructura formada durante la reacción de vulcanización, en la cinética de la reacción y en las propiedades de formulaciones que emplean caucho natural. Se encontró que aún existen aspectos por investigar dada la variedad de acelerantes, proporciones acelerante/azufre, tipos de caucho natural y formulaciones que emplean caucho natural. La mayor parte de la literatura evalúa la reacción de vulcanización mediante reometría de vulcanización y calorimetría diferencial de barrido (DSC), pero estas técnicas no permiten identificar el tipo de enlaces sulfídicos formados ni la densidad de enlaces entrecruzados. La temática es de gran interés científico e industrial pues el caucho natural es el caucho más comercializado a nivel mundial, y su vulcanización se realiza en la gran mayoría de las formulaciones empleando azufre como agente entrecruzante.
Considerações sobre os conceitos de língua e variedade: uma discussão com base no galego
Authors: Souza Melina
Published: April 2018

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar discussão acerca das diferenças entre os conceitos de línguae variedade, notadamente a respeito de como o conceito de línguase constrói, a partir de que necessidades e com que objetivos.Essa discussão torna-se imperativa uma vez que partimos, em nossa pesquisa, dos usos do galego, do português europeu (PE) e do português brasileiro (PB), os considerando variedades de uma língua que convencionamos chamar de galego-português. Inserida em dois projetos maiores (a. Galego e Português Brasileiro: história, variação e mudançae b. Linguagem em uso, cognição e gramática: cooperação acadêmica Brasil-Portugal), a pesquisa tem como um de seus objetivos inserir o galegoem um quadro comparativo até então preferencialmente formado de pesquisas com basena comparação entre PB e PE –, ampliando, dessa forma, o escopo comparativo até o momento utilizado na explicação de traços próprios do PB.Iniciamos nossas palavras pela definição de línguaconsiderada pela Linguística Descritiva, seus elementos constitutivos e funções. Em seguida, elencamos três problemas advindos desse posicionamento estrutural, tendo por base a comparação entre o galego, o PB e o PE: o problema quantitativo, o histórico e o político. A discussão proposta nos levou a concluir que o debate em torno dos conceitos de línguae variedade está marcado pelas próprias representações de linguistas que se propõem a realizar tal discussão. Reforçamos, portanto, a necessidade de se ter a consciência de que, como linguísticas, sempre estamos nos posicionando politicamente – mesmo quando ignoramos esse fato –, atitude que, a nosso ver, é essencial à análise linguística.
Dêixis de lugar e esquemas imagéticos em amostras de fala do português brasileiro e do galego contemporâneos
Authors: Almeida Maria Jussara Abraçado de , Moraes Rachel Maria Campos Menezes de
Published: April 2018

Os dêiticos de lugar, em amostras de fala do Português Brasileiro e do Galego contemporâneos, constituem o tema deste trabalho que postula haver ligação entre a ativação de esquemas imagéticos e o emprego de dêiticos de lugar. Fundamentado, teoricamente, na Linguística Cognitiva, apoia-se no conceito de esquemas imagéticos,para desvelar relações entre alguns esquemas imagéticos e contextos de uso de dêiticos de lugar no Português Brasileiro e no Galego, duas variedades historicamente interligadas. Os dados analisados são provenientes dos seguintes corpora: Amostra Senso 1980, Projeto Peul - UFRJ; e A Nosa Fala Bloques e Áreas Lingüisticas do Galego(REI; GULÍAS, 2003), respectivamente.
As construções de foco no galego é o que eu estou tentando entender
Authors: Vieira André Felipe Cunha
Published: April 2018

Este artigo apresenta o tema, análises prévias e resultados parciais de uma pesquisa doutoral sobre o desenvolvimento diacrônico das construções: Pseudo-Clivada Invertida, Ser Que, Pseudo-Clivada Extraposta e Clivada Canônica no galego, entre os séculos XIII e XX. Tratarei aqui dos dados e análises parciais de apenas duas construções: Pseudo-Clivada Invertida e Ser Que, atestadas no século XIII, XIV e XV, uma vez que a pesquisa não está concluída. O trabalho, desenvolvido em parte no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Linguística da UFRJ, Brasil, e no Instituto da Lingua Galega da USC, Espanha, é desenvolvido sob o modelo de Construcionalização e Mudança Construcional em uma perspectiva teórica da Gramática de Construções Baseada no Uso. Intenciono desenvolver um quadro histórico que analize as possíveis heranças genéticas entre essas construções, e auxiliar também no estudo histórico do tema em português.
Convergência do léxico por contato entre o português brasileiro e o galego modernos
Authors: Condé Valéria Gil
Published: April 2018

Este artigo pretende discutir elementos de convergência entre o galego e o português brasileiro a partir de alguns exemplos colhidos no léxico. O ponto de encontro entre estas duas culturas se dá no norte de Portugal, precisamente na região entre o Douro e o Minho: que guarda características do ponto de vista histórico-linguístico com a Galiza; no caso do Brasil se dá pelo contato linguístico, motivado pela emigração dos portugueses do Norte. Para corroborar esta convergência, vamos nos valer de dados históricos de uma região, Minas Gerais, que recebeu um contingente significativo de emigrantes provenientes do Douro e Minho entre os séculos XVIII e XIX. Os dados linguísticos serão colhidos no Esboço de um atlas linguístico de Minas Gerais (1977), em um estudo realizado por Paz-Andrade (1983) sobre o léxico em Guimarães Rosa e a título de comparação no Atlas linguístico Galego. Os dicionários nas respectivas línguas como também do português europeu também serão consultados. Dessa forma, poderemos analisar a inserção desses vocábulos em nível de registro nas sociedades em estudo.