bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estenosis vía biliar: generalidades sobre su etiología, diagnóstico y tratamiento
Authors: Castillo Venegas Javier , Valentín Álvarez Fabián
Published: December 2024

Introducción: En medicina, estenosis o estegnosis (del griego "contraído") es un término utilizado para denotar constricción o estrechamiento de un orificio o conducto corporal, como es la vía biliar.
Cuerpo de la revisión: Las estenosis benignas del conducto biliar pueden producirse por múltiples causas, las más comunes son iatrogénicas. La colecistectomía, sobretodo la resuelta vía laparoscópica, es la cirugía que se practica con mayor frecuencia por el cirujano general, siendo esta la causa más frecuente de lesión de las vías biliares extra-hepáticas, con posterior estenosis de la vía biliar. El diagnóstico es en su mayoría tardío, debutando principalmente con un cuadro de colestasia, que a la colangioresonancia magnética demuestra la estenosis.
Discusión: Tanto el radiólogo, endoscopista y cirujano deben evaluar las condiciones generales del caso, la etiología y las posibilidades terapéuticas, tanto paliativas, temporales o definitivas. Las lesiones estenosantes que mantienen continuidad bilioenteral son susceptibles de manejo radiológico y/o endoscópico, particularmente las lesiones de etiología benigna, usualmente post-quirúrgica. Aquellas con pérdida de continuidad requieren tratamiento quirúrgico. Las lesiones benignas no iatrogénicas (colangitis esclerosante o colangiopatía autoinmune) en condiciones excepcionales requieren cirugía. Debido a esto y a la poca frecuencia de otras causas etiológicas de estenosis, es que el siguiente artículo se enfocara en las de origen quirúrgico.
Lesiones de Taekwondo en Torneos Inter Facultades de la Universidad de Chile
Authors: Aguilera Elicer Anastasia , Barrera Valencia Nelson , Guerrero Acuña Katherine , Henríquez Caamaño Pablo
Published: December 2024

Introducción: En la Universidad de Chile se desarrollan competencias deportivas internas entre los diversos campus y/o facultades. Las competencias más masivas son los Torneos Inter Facultades (TIF), en los cuales se realizan 4 fechas de Taekwondo, 2 el primer semestre y 2 el segundo semestre.
Objetivos: Caracterizar las atenciones de salud de los Torneos-Inter-Facultades(TIF) de Taekwondo, definiendo el segmento corporal y el tipo de lesión más frecuente, separados por sexo.
Materiales y Métodos: Estudio transversal descriptivo. Se consideraron los 2 TIF de Taekwondo realizados durante el 2018 en Campo Deportivo Juan Gómez Millas. La muestra fueron 111 deportistas seleccionados de todas las categorías de nivel y peso de Taekwondo: 71 hombres y 40 mujeres. Se consideró como criterio de inclusión la consulta espontánea por lesiones generadas en la competencia o la reagudización de lesión previa durante la competencia, se excluyó a quienes no cumplieran estos requisitos.
Resultados: Se realizaron 28 atenciones: 13 mujeres, 15 hombres. Hubo 16 lesiones en cada sexo, predominando las de extremidad inferior (43.75% en mujeres y 68.75 % en hombres), seguidas por extremidad superior y cabeza/cuello. El tipo de lesión más frecuente fue contusión en hombres (50%), y esguince en mujeres (50%), seguidas por la contusión en mujeres (37.5%) y esguince en hombres (31.25%), y en tercer lugar por “otras lesiones” en ambos sexos (12.5%). En mujeres no hubo fracturas y en hombres hubo una confirmada con radiografía (6,25%).
Discusión: En nuestra recopilación de datos obtuvimos resultados similares a los descritos en la bibliografía en cuanto a la zona corporal más frecuente. Como principales limitaciones del registro realizado están el bajo número total de atenciones y considerar solo la consulta espontánea de los participantes.
Lesiones de fútbol en Torneos Inter Facultades 2018 de la Universidad de Chile
Authors: Aguilera Anastasia , De los Santos Diego , Barraza Ana María , Ocampo Javiera
Published: December 2024

Introducción: En la Universidad de Chile se desarrollan competencias deportivas internas entre los diversos campus y/o facultades. Las competencias más masivas son los Torneos Inter Facultades (TIF), en los cuales se realizan 21 fechas de Fútbol, con un total de 100 partidos.
Objetivo: Caracterizar las atenciones de salud de los Torneos-Inter-Facultades (TIF) de Fútbol, definiendo el segmento corporal y el tipo de lesión más frecuente.
Materiales y Métodos: Estudio transversal descriptivo. Se consideraron las 21 fechas TIF de Fútbol realizadas durante el 2018 en Campo Deportivo Juan Gómez Millas y Campus Sur. La muestra fueron 717 jugadores inscritos en los 19 equipos pertenecientes a las diferentes unidades académicas. Se consideró como criterio de inclusión la consulta espontánea por lesiones generadas en la competencia o la reagudización de lesión previa durante la competencia, se excluyó a quienes no cumplieran estos requisitos.
Resultados, Discusión y Conclusión: Se realizaron 46 atenciones, en las cuales hubo 47 lesiones, predominando las de extremidad inferior (85,11%) donde destacan las lesiones de muslo (31,91%), tobillo y pie (19,15%), rodilla (14,89%) y pierna (12,77%), el segundo segmento corporal más frecuentemente afectado fue cabeza y cuello (8,51%). Con respecto al tipo de lesiones, las más frecuentes fueron las musculares (36,17%), seguidas de las ligamentosas/articulares (25,53%), y las contusiones (21,28%). Como principales limitaciones del registro realizado están el bajo número total de atenciones y considerar sólo la consulta espontánea de los participantes.
Desarrollo de vacunas para COVID-19
Authors: Liberona A. , Albornoz M. , Rivera D. , Grenett E.
Published: December 2024

COVID-19 es el nombre dado a la enfermedad causada por el coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, surgida a finales del 2019
en China cuya propagación ha generado una pandemia. El desarrollo rápido de una vacuna es una posible vía para
su control. El objetivo de esta revisión es dar una idea general acerca de las plataformas que se están usando para el
desarrollo de vacunas contra SARS-CoV-2. Se mencionan además aspectos claves de la inmunopatogenia y las
similitudes moleculares con SARS-CoV que han permitido redirigir ensayos pre-desarrollados, a SARS-CoV-2. Para
ello se buscaron artículos en PubMED con las palabras Vaccine, SARS-CoV-2 y COVID-19 entre mayo y octubre de
2020. Se consultó también el sitio Biorender COVID-19 Vaccine & Therapeutics Tracker hasta el 6 de octubre de
2020 para obtener información actualizada del estado de desarrollo de cada vacuna. Las plataformas más utilizadas
hasta ahora son: vacunas basadas en virus vivos-atenuados, en subunidades proteicas, vectores de adenovirus y
ácidos nucleicos. A la fecha hay más de 50 vacunas testeándose en ensayos clínicos; un total de ocho modelos han
publicado sus resultados de fases clínicas I y/o II y todas han mostrado efectividad creando anticuerpos en
personas vacunadas. Existen aún interrogantes, tal como la bioseguridad de las posibles vacunas, la capacidad de
desarrollo industrial, el tiempo de desarrollo para poder controlar la pandemia y la capacidad de producir
suficiente para todo el mundo, problemas que se ven incrementados por la presión de controlar la pandemia por
SARS-CoV-2.
Técnicas de diagnóstico in vitro disponibles para COVID-19: utilidades y limitaciones
Authors: Dölz Torres Patricia
Published: December 2024

La magnitud de los desafíos para el control de la actual pandemia de enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID- 19), requiere de técnicas de diagnóstico precisas y eficientes, para permitir la toma de decisiones y capacidad de respuesta. Los diversos tipos de técnicas de diagnóstico, sirven para determinados propósitos y responden a necesidades diagnósticas en etapas distintas de la infección y seguimiento. Variables como el tipo o la temporalidad de obtención de la muestra, condicionan la información que se recaba.
La técnica reacción en cadena de la polimerasa con transcripción inversa en tiempo real (rt-PCR), se basa en la detección de genoma viral y es la técnica de referencia con la que se comparan las otras, es la más confiable y establecida. Sin embargo, esta técnica tiene limitaciones, como el tiempo de respuesta y el requerimiento de instalaciones complejas. Las técnicas alternativas, muchas aún en desarrollo, apuntan a suplir estas restricciones y ofrecer un diagnóstico rápido, barato, reproducible y universalmente disponible. Algunas de ellas utilizan el mismo principio que la rt-PCR o bien usan indicadores de la respuesta inmunológica del hospedero. Las pruebas rápidas antigénicas y serológicas basadas en inmunoensayos de flujo lateral tienen baja sensibilidad. Algunas tecnologías emergentes, muestran una alta sensibilidad y especificidad, pudiendo ayudar en el tamizaje poblacional.
Caracterización de la proporcionalidad terapéutica desde una perspectiva bioética: una revisión bibliográfica
Authors: Haro Sebastián , Gützlaff Derek , Jara Matías
Published: December 2024

Introducción: El desarrollo vertiginoso en la técnica medica ha traído a discusión con mayor frecuencia los aspectos éticos de los tratamientos. Si bien es evidente que la gravedad potencial de una entidad patológica debe relacionarse con un abordaje terapéutico de intensidad acorde, no es raro que a opinión experta dicho manejo no siempre es proporcional, pudiendo ser una causa de daño físico, psicológico o social que no justifica su uso para tratar la patología primaria. Esta situación hace imprescindible una reflexión profunda sobre su concepción e implicaciones.
Desarrollo: El concepto clave hallado en múltiples definiciones fue “equilibrio”, eje central a la hora de abordar el concepto de forma correcta. Respecto a los criterios, deben integrarse miradas clínicas y económicas, así como también aspectos esencialmente humanos, situando al paciente en el centro del abordaje.
Conclusiones: No existe un abordaje universal y sistematizado que unifique la lex artis respecto al tema en cuestión. La humildad en reconocer los límites de la medicina actual debe ir de la mano con reflexiones cada vez más integrativa de las distintas esferas que en su conjunto definen al paciente tratado y la debida proporcionalidad de dicho tratamiento. Este nuevo enfoque debe, además, ser parte integral de la atención clínica cotidiana y no solo limitar su potencial pertinencia en el ámbito de los cuidados paliativos y del fin de vida.
El papel del estudio de clase en la formación inicial del docente en Matemáticas
Authors: Velásquez Castillo Melissa Lizbeth
Published: December 2024

El estudio de clase se ha consolidado como una herramienta poderosa para el desarrollo de la formación profesional docente, no solo en Japón sino en todo el mundo, lo que permite que cada país lo adapte a sus contextos y necesidades. En este artículo se examina la influencia del estudio de clase en profesores en formación de matemática durante sus prácticas profesionales. Se realizó un estudio exploratorio con enfoque cualitativo, en el cual, mediante observaciones de campo y entrevistas, se sintetiza la experiencia de dos estudiantes de quinto año de la carrera de Matemática del Área de Educación, Artes y Humanidades de la UNAN-Managua, en el I semestre de 2023. Al finalizar el ciclo de estudio de clase, se evidenció que este proceso generó oportunidades para que los participantes colaboraran activamente en la preparación y análisis de las clases, fortaleciendo así el trabajo en equipo y promoviendo un cambio de mentalidad orientado al desarrollo del pensamiento matemático en estudiantes de secundaria. Aunque fue su primera experiencia, el estudio de clase demostró su gran potencial para fomentar el conocimiento, los recursos de enseñanza-aprendizaje y la colaboración durante las prácticas profesionales, destacando la necesidad de generar oportunidades similares en la formación inicial de los docentes.
Relación entre estilos de aprendizaje y rendimiento académico en estudiantes universitarios de UNAN-Managua, Nicaragua
Authors: Zeledón Meza Kelvin Francisco
Published: December 2024

El propósito del estudio es investigar la relación que existe entre los estilos de aprendizaje de los estudiantes y su rendimiento académico. Fue una investigación cuantitativa a nivel descriptivo y correlacional. Se administró el Cuestionario CHAEA elaborado por Alonso et al. (2002) a una muestra de 131 estudiantes de las carreras de Física, Matemática, Ciencias Naturales y Física – Matemática del Área del Conocimiento de Educación, Artes y Humanidades de la UNAN – Managua. Los resultados evidencian que los estilos de aprendizaje predominante con preferencia alta son el teórico, reflexivo y pragmático. El estilo activo en todas las carreras ocupó la última posición con preferencia baja. En cuanto al rendimiento académico se encontró que los estudiantes cuyo estilo de aprendizaje es el Teórico, Pragmático y Activo obtuvieron el más alto. Las mujeres se destacan por utilizar el estilo teórico y pragmático, y los hombres el estilo reflexivo y pragmático, ambos con preferencia alta. El ANOVA no paramétrico y la correlación de Spearman demostraron que no existe relación entre el estilo de aprendizaje y el rendimiento en Matemática, Ciencias Naturales y Física – Matemática. En cambio, el ANOVA no paramétrico si demostró diferencia entre el estilo de aprendizaje y el rendimiento que obtuvieron los estudiantes Física. Se concluye que para la muestra estudiada el estilo de aprendizaje no fue determinante en alcanzar un buen rendimiento académico, pero aporta información valiosa para comprender que los estudiantes en su quehacer académico poseen características de más de un estilo de aprendizaje en su proceso de aprendizaje.
The reliability of the system of gauging an LNG storage tank "WHESSOE 1146"
Authors: Melkia Chaouki , Rais Khaled , Daouadi Rabah , Boufarh Rafik
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the reliability calculations of the WHESSOE 1146 gauging system used for LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) storage tanks, an area of paramount importance given the sensitivity of these systems and their critical role in ensuring the production and safety of industrial facilities. Precise gauging of LNG tanks is essential not only for the safety of the facilities but also for preventing leaks and facilitating optimal storage management. The reliability of gauging systems is vital for ensuring measurement accuracy, minimizing accident risks, and maximizing operational efficiency. This research presents mathematical models and analytical techniques to evaluate the probability of system failure, considering various influencing factors such as environmental conditions, equipment quality, and maintenance processes. The significance of this study extends to its substantial implications for the safety of LNG storage facilities, which are crucial to the national energy supply. By optimizing the reliability and accuracy of these systems, we not only enhance the safety of workers and surrounding communities but also support the economic and energy stability of the country. Minimizing the risk of operational incidents fortifies the sector's ability to comply with safety standards and ensure business continuity. Furthermore, improving the reliability of the WHESSOE 1146 metering system at Skikda’s LNG storage tank can yield considerable cost savings by reducing gas losses and extending equipment lifespans. Therefore, this study plays a vital role in ensuring the safety and efficiency of LNG storage facilities, ultimately contributing to the economic prosperity and energy security of the nation.
Risco cardiovascular em pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS em tratamento antirretroviral: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Christo Jéssyka Cristina Gomes de , Muller Erildo Vicente , Martins Camila Marinelli , Zuber Jean Fernando Sandeski , Borges Pollyanna Kassia de Oliveira
Published: December 2024

Apesar dos avanços na terapia antirretroviral (TARV), a infecção pelo HIV continua a ser um desafio significativo para a saúde pública, uma vez que os indivíduos afetados apresentam maior predisposição para o desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares. Assim, a presente revisão integrativa possui o objetivo de analisar os riscos cardiovasculares em pessoas com HIV/AIDS que fazem uso da TARV. A pesquisa incluiu estudos publicados entre 2013 e 2023, analisando 22 estudos com critérios específicos de inclusão, nas seguintes bases de dados: PUBMED, WEB OF SCIENCE, SCOPUS, SciELO, MEDLINE e LILACS. Os estudos evidenciaram que a dislipidemia foi um efeito adverso comum associado ao uso de dolutegravir, enquanto um terço dos indivíduos virgens de terapia antirretroviral desenvolveu hipertensão após iniciar o tratamento com efavirenz e estavudina. Além disso, observou-se um aumento significativo no risco de doenças cardiovasculares, incluindo aterosclerose subclínica, em indivíduos em TARV prolongada. A individualização do tratamento, a promoção de estilo de vida saudável e o acompanhamento constante dos fatores de risco são fulcrais para garantir o bem-estar do grupo em discussão. A revisão ressalta a necessidade de uma abordagem baseada em evidência científicas sólidas no tratamento e prevenção de patologias do sistema cardiovascular em pessoas com HIV/AIDS em terapia antirretroviral. A união desses achados na prática clínica é fundamental para reduzir os efeitos adversos das doenças do sistema cardiovascular.
Mesochorus baccanellonyah sp. nov.; a new species of parasitoid wasp from South Australia
Authors: Fagan-Jeffries Erin , Woodward Alice , Clarke Sylvia
Published: December 2024

Mesochorus is a genus of ichneumonid wasps (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) containing approximately 900 species which are generally hyperparasitoids of ichneumonid or braconid wasps, or occasionally of tachinid flies. The hosts of Mesochorus are generally endoparasitoids of larval insects such as Lepidoptera and Coleoptera. Only one species is currently described from Australia, of which the holotype can not be located. In 2022, students at Elliston Primary School in South Australia collected a specimen of
Mesochorus in a Malaise trap as part of the citizen science project Insect Investigators. We here describe Mesochorus baccanellonyah Fagan-Jeffries, sp. nov. from this single specimen, both for the greater meaning this species name has to the community, and to help inspire future work on this genus in Australia.
Effects of Recreational Swimming on Blood Pressure and Lower Extremity Muscle Strength of Older Adults With Elevated Blood Pressure: A Sample of Altınova Beachgoers
Authors: Polat Cemal
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to investigate the effects of recreational swimming (RS) on blood pressure (BP) and lower extremity muscle strength (LEMS) in older adults with elevated blood pressure (EBP). A total of 44 elderly people, 21 men (x̄age=70.6 years, sd= 1.07; body mass index (BMI)=27.4 kg/m2, sd=0.67) and 23 women (x̄age=70.2 years, sd=1.15; BMI=28.6 kg/m2, sd=0.92) participated in the study. Participants were reached by snowball sampling method. Data were collected using a semi-automated BP monitor and Chair Stand Test. Analyses were performed using mixed-design ANOVA with a significance level of p
KARAYİPLER TOPLULUĞU BÜNYESİNDE KİŞİLERİN SERBEST DOLAŞIMI REJİMİ VE KARAYİPLER ADALET DİVANININ BU REJİMİN GELİŞİMİNE KATKISI
Authors: Yılmaz Samet , Reçber Kamuran
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışma, Karayipler Topluluğu (Caribbean Community-CARICOM) bünyesindeki kişilerin serbest dolaşımına ilişkin rejimi ve bu uluslararası örgütün kurumlarından biri olan Karayipler Adalet Divanının (Caribbean Court of Justice-CCJ) bu rejimin gelişimine yönelik katkısını incelemeyi hedeflemektedir. Kişilerin serbest dolaşımı, bölgesel bütünleşmeyi amaçlayan CARICOM içerisinde ele alınan politika alanlarından biridir ve bu politika alanı kapsamında kişilere birtakım haklar getiren bölgesel bir yasal rejim oluşturulmuştur. Kişilerin serbest dolaşımı rejiminin bölgesel düzeyde yeknesak bir şekilde uygulanması hem CARICOM kurucu antlaşmasında belirlenen hedeflerin gerçekleşmesi hem ilgili rejimin etkinliğinin sağlanması hem de bu rejim dâhilinde kişilere temin edilen hakların güvenceye alınması açısından gerekli olmaktadır. Bu durum, CARICOM kurucu antlaşması normlarının yorumlanması ve uygulanması nedeniyle meydana gelebilecek uyuşmazlıkların çözümüyle yetkilendirilen ve gerçek ve tüzel kişilerin başvurabileceği bir uluslararası yargı organı olan CCJ’nin önüne gelen davalarda tesis ettiği kararların, kişilerin serbest dolaşımına ilişkin bölgesel rejimin gelişimi ve etkinliği açısından dikkate alınmasını gerektirmektedir.
From Data to Diagnostics: Innovative Bioinformatics Strategies for Diagnosing Rare Genetic Diseases
Authors: Steyaert Wouter
Published: December 2024

Rare genetic disorders affect more than 400 million people worldwide. Understanding their precise causes is crucial for improving medical treatments. Currently, disease-causing genetic variants are identified in about half of these patients through genome-wide sequencing analyses. A key goal of the Solve-RD project, a major European initiative for rare diseases (RD) to which this doctoral research belongs, is to increase diagnostic success. By centralizing and reanalyzing genetic datasets and collaborating intensively with clinical experts across Europe, disease-causing variants were identified in more than 700 RD families. Additionally, the development of a new method to detect hidden genetic variants and the analysis of datasets generated using long-read sequencing significantly contributed to diagnosing previously undiagnosed RD families. This work will continue as part of an even larger European RD initiative, the European Rare Diseases Research Alliance (Erdera).
Pets & Elders: A Review of the Positive Effect of Pets on Mental Health
Authors: Chow Emily
Published: December 2024

The improvement of mental health in older adults has become a significant area of research in response to the growth in the global population of older individuals. Thus, the paper evaluates the beneficial influence of pets on the mental well-being of older adults by synthesizing and analyzing data from over a dozen pertinent studies. Findings suggest that pets play a critical role in relieving stress, reducing loneliness and providing social support. In particular, the presence of pets has been linked to several benefits for human well-being, including the promotion of emotional stability, an increase in life satisfaction, as well as a strengthening of social support networks among older adults via increased social interaction and community involvement. However, despite the tremendous psychological benefits that pets bring to older adults, some challenges remain, such as the emotional impact of pet loss and potential health risks. This may affect the actual effectiveness of pet companionship and the overall well-being of older adults. As such, the paper recommends the inclusion of pets in geriatric care programs, and calls for long-term research to gain insights into the lasting effects of pets on the mental health of older adults and their potential for application. The paper aims to contribute to the development of more effective care strategies to boost the quality of life for older adults.
Educational Resilience in the Face of Climate Change
Authors: You Jingyu
Published: December 2024

Climate change is increasingly affecting every sector in general; education is no exception. This paper looked into the nexus between climate change and education: the need for climate literacy at schools, and the role schools can play in developing environmental responsibility. This paper examines the unequal impacts of changing climates on the outcomes of schooling in developing countries, which result from how repeated school closures owing to natural disasters prolong the school year and further exacerbate inequity. This paper examines policy responses that focus on making educational systems resilient under conditions of climate change, emphasizing international collaboration in financing infrastructural development that secures educational environments against environmental degradation. The discussion development includes strategic recommendations for points at which educational resilience can be strengthened in the future. Indeed, these will make a case for comprehensive and sustainable approaches aimed at augmenting the capacities of the education system both to resist and adapt to the unfolding challenges wrought by climate variability.
Comparing the Curriculum Standards on Student Psychology in Finnish, Chinese and British Education Systems
Authors: Zhang Yixin
Published: December 2024

The necessity of incorporating mental health into educational frameworks has been acknowledged on a global scale, particularly in light of the intensification of student mental health crises due to academic pressure and crises such as the ongoing pandemic of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). This paper presents a comparative analysis of the integration of mental health education in the Finnish, Chinese and British education systems. The Finnish education system demonstrates an exemplary approach to integrating mental health into its curriculum. It places a strong emphasis on student well-being, adopting a supportive, student-centred methodology that encompasses community-oriented learning and teacher engagement. In China, recent efforts have concentrated on curricular interventions and teacher support. However, the pervasive academic pressure remains a significant obstacle. The UK system demonstrates a balanced approach between academic rigour and the integration of wellbeing programmes, including personal, social and health education, peer mentoring and library support. The findings of this study indicate that the Finnish model is the most effective in promoting mental resilience, while the Chinese approach demonstrates the challenges posed by cultural attitudes and academic expectations. The UK approach demonstrates the potential for institutional support, although it is constrained by the influence of systemic academic pressures. These insights offer valuable insights into the creation of a balanced educational environment that balances academic and emotional health.
Analysis on the Impact of Different Fuels on Aircraft Contrails and the Environment
Authors: Wang Feiyang
Published: December 2024

Aircraft contrails significantly impact the environment, primarily because they emit gases such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides. These contrails are a type of 'cirrus cloud,' composed of young linear condensation trails and older, irregularly shaped trails that they produce. As contrails form, the byproducts of fuel combustion, such as carbon dioxide, linger in the air for a long time, altering the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and causing the atmospheric temperature to rise. Different fuels produce different gases when burned, some of which may be harmful to the environment. In this article, this paper will summarize articles on how different fuels affect contrails and the environment. The results show that different fuels produce different gases when burned, some of which are harmful to the environment, while others are not. Traditional fuels like jet fuel generate carbon dioxide and water vapor, whereas new energy sources like hydrogen do not produce carbon dioxide. Different fuel types primarily influence aircraft contrails through their combustion products and efficiency. Aviation kerosene, as the mainstream fuel, produces water vapor that easily forms contrails under high-altitude, low-temperature conditions. In contrast, biofuels or alternative fuels, due to differences in their chemical composition, may produce less water vapor or other gases that affect contrail formation during combustion.
Spatial and Temporal Distribution, Hotspot Distribution and Evolution Path of Flexible Working Arrangements Research: A Visual Analysis Based on the CiteSpace Knowledge Map
Authors: Wu Jinyun
Published: December 2024

In the post-epidemic era, flexible working arrangements have received more and more attention from scholars, but no scholars have yet analyzed the research in the field of flexible working arrangements using visual measurement methods. In order to understand the progress of flexible working arrangements research more scientifically and intuitively, based on the literature on flexible working arrangements in the database of Web of Science Core Collection, CiteSpace software was used to visualize and analyze important scholars, countries and research institutions, research hotspots, and trends in the research field. The study found that: the research development in the field of flexible working arrangements shows a gradual upward trend, and the research has been more active after 2010; the existing research in the field of flexible working arrangements can be divided into five theme groups, and the research content mainly focuses on the dimensions of flexible working arrangements, employee behavior, and leader factors, and so on. Finally, future research directions are proposed based on the analysis of the flexible working arrangements knowledge map.
Covid19 CT Image Classification Based on CNN Model
Authors: Zhang Chunlin
Published: December 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the highly infectious SARS-CoV-2 virus, has underscored the urgent need for rapid and accurate diagnostic tools to alleviate healthcare resource constraints. This study presents a deep recognition model based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for the classification of COVID-19 images. Utilizing a database of chest X-ray images, the model was trained and validated, achieving a classification accuracy of 89% on the test set. Our findings demonstrate the effectiveness of CNNs in extracting complex features, enhancing diagnostic efficiency, and reducing misdiagnoses and missed diagnoses in COVID-19 cases. Through comprehensive analysis of training and validation accuracy and loss curves, the model shows strong generalization capability without significant overfitting, aided by early stopping mechanisms.
Cruise Control Method for Intelligent Vehicles Based on Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Wang Hongyi
Published: December 2024

This paper explores the application of Q-learning in Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC). Environment Modeling and Decision-Making: The radar detects signals from obstacles ahead and transmits them to the ACC system. The Q-learning algorithm makes decisions based on environmental changes, such as the speed and distance of the vehicle in front. Through trial and error and continuous learning, it optimizes the following strategy. Reinforcement learning is a computational method that automates decision-making and learning processes toward goal-oriented tasks. It is framed within the Markov Decision Process (MDP), using states, actions, and rewards to define the interaction between a learning agent and the environment. Reinforcement learning emphasizes the agents interactive learning with the environment, without the need for imitative supervision signals or complete environment modeling. The Markov Decision Process provides a theoretical framework for achieving goals through interactive learning. All reinforcement learning problems are considered an MDP process, serving as the fundamental framework for modeling reinforcement learning. By updating the state-action value function Q(s, a), the Q-learning algorithm selects actions in each state that maximize long-term returns, enabling intelligent control. Experimental results show that the method applied in this paper ensures driving safety and comfort, and it can be practically implemented.
A Novel Facial Encryption System for Social Media
Authors: Liu Xin
Published: December 2024

In modern society, the importance of facial encryption technology has become increasingly evident. However, existing encryption techniques generally suffer from a significant issue: excessive encryption levels create too much noise, which not only attracts the attention of hackers but may also impair the judgment of facial movements. To address this issue, this paper proposes a detail encryption system which contains two parts: (1) facial detection based on the ViolaJones object detection framework, and (2) AES-supported detail encryption. The facial detection part aims at localizing the facial features which are appropriately encrypted. Experimental comparisons show that the face images processed by the detail encryption technique obscure distinct facial features. This finding indicates that while the detail encryption technique significantly reduces facial recognizability, it does not overly impair the perception of facial movements.
A Study of Coding Framework Generation by ChatGPT
Authors: Zhu Haoming
Published: December 2024

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in the field of code generation. However, existing research has primarily focused on algorithmic problem-solving code generation, with limited attention to the ability to generate framework code used in actual software development. Programming frameworks are vital tools in software development, effectively reducing development time and enhancing code compatibility. This paper takes the Qt framework in C++ as an example to systematically evaluate ChatGPTs performance in code generation at different levels of granularity (project-level, class-level, and function-level). To this end, we designed a test dataset (comprising 10 code generation projects of varying complexity) to assess the models performance in terms of correctness, robustness, and user experience. In this process, we employed prompt engineering methods to ensure fair conversion. The experimental results show that while ChatGPT is capable of generating functional code in most cases, its performance in correctness, robustness, and user experience decreases as task complexity and code granularity increase. Nonetheless, with manual intervention or more detailed prompts, these issues can be largely resolved. Overall, ChatGPT shows potential in framework code generation, particularly for small to medium-sized tasks. This study reveals both the potential and limitations of LLMs in framework development, providing valuable insights for future improvements and applications.
AI-Based Epidemic Spread Prediction and Public Health Response Optimization: A Systematic Study from Data Analysis to Policy Implementation
Authors: Liu Jiaqi
Published: December 2024

The paper discusses how AI can be used to predict epidemics and improve public health responses on a wide range of critical topics from disease prediction using data to policymaking. Even conventional epidemiological models, often constrained by parameters, find it difficult to adapt to rapidly evolving disease dynamics. Our method combines machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) algorithms, such as long short-term memory (LSTM) and reinforcement learning (RL), to dynamically anticipate infection peaks and outbreak hotspots. Using both time-series and spatial data, the hybrid CNN-LSTM model predicted high-risk areas at a prediction accuracy of 89% and drastically improved the public health response planning. Further, the RL-based policy optimization system outperformed the traditional approach, enabling adaptive lockdowns and resource optimisation that reduced peak infection rates by 25% in dense regions. What weve found demonstrates AIs ability to deliver both practical and predictive insights on epidemic dynamics and enable customisable, adaptive health policies. The work aims to advance AI-enabled epidemic management by offering a revolving door for predictive modeling and policy adaptations, responsive to changing epidemiological needs.
Deep Learning-Based ADL Assessment and Personalized Care Planning Optimization in Adult Day Health Centers
Authors: Ma Daobo , Jin Meizhizi , Zhou Zhongwen , Wu Jiang
Published: December 2024

This paper presents an in-depth learning process for Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and self-care planning in Adult Day Health Centers. The framework integrates multi-modal sensor data fusion with deep learning architectures to provide continuous monitoring and automated evaluation of older people's legal status. The system uses a hierarchical system combined with convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and long short-term memory (LSTM) networks, enhanced by monitoring systems for physical-spatial learning. Many data streams from wearable devices, environmental sensors, and medical monitoring devices are becoming pre-processed and de-processed. The framework incorporates a dynamic care plan adaptation strategy utilizing reinforcement learning techniques for intervention optimization. Experimental validation conducted across three Adult Day Health Centers with 150 participants over six months demonstrated superior performance compared to traditional assessment methods. The system achieved 92.8% accuracy in ADL recognition tasks, with a 35% reduction in assessment time and a 62% decrease in false alarm rates. Clinical validation through 25 detailed case studies revealed early detection of health deterioration, averaging 3.2 days ahead of conventional methods. The proposed framework significantly enhances the efficiency and accuracy of elderly care delivery while reducing healthcare provider workload by 40%. This research contributes to advancing intelligent healthcare by creating a solution for ADL measurement and self-correction.
Postoperative Conundrum: Horner Syndrome Secondary to Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion Procedure
Authors: Mynarski Nicholas , Johnson Sabrina M. , Sawhney Aanchal , Giesa Christine , Odeyemi Rachel
Published: December 2024

IntroductionHorner syndrome is a rare complication following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) surgeries, with an incidence rate of

Case DescriptionWe report a case of a 45-year-old female with a history of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who developed Horner syndrome post-ACDF. Initially admitted for suspected cholecystitis found on imaging following a fall, the patient's clinical course was complicated by worsening cervical and lumbar pain. This prompted MRI evaluation revealing cervical stenosis at C5-C6 and ACDF was performed without intraoperative complications. However, on postoperative day three, the patient developed left eye ptosis and miosis, consistent with Horner syndrome. Subsequent MRI revealed a new fluid collection suggestive of a seroma. Despite conservative management, Horner syndrome persisted.

Discussion
Horner syndrome post-ACDF is a rare but potentially lifelong complication. Possible etiologies include prolonged retraction of the longus colli muscle and postoperative inflammation leading to seroma formation, potentially compressing sympathetic nerve fibers. Current literature suggests under diagnosis of Horner syndrome post-ACDF, emphasizing the need for heightened clinical suspicion. Future research should focus on refining surgical techniques to minimize sympathetic trunk damage and facilitate early diagnosis and management of this rare complication.
Feche os olhos meu bem, nada vai te acordar: nota sobre o silenciamento da criança na Educação Infantil
Authors: Martello Thaís Rodrigues Miranda , Batista Cleide Vitor Mussini
Published: December 2024

Apesar de acompanharmos na história da infância um período de negligência com o bebê e as crianças, os estudos e pesquisas nesta faixa etária que compreende a etapa da educação infantil de 0 a 6 anos demonstraram que as experiências e vivências neste período são constituintes do sujeito e bases para o desenvolvimento de cada um, portanto as práticas pedagógicas deveriam ser elaboradas considerando as especificidades de cada um, e em relação a especificidades estamos nos referindo não somente ao tempo que cada um leva para se desenvolver, mas também a realidade de cada família, com suas histórias, crenças, sonhos, etc. Este artigo pretende interrogar as pessoas que dedicam seus tempos cuidando de bebês e crianças nas creches a respeito da nova onda de negligência que esta acometendo a infância, onde o sofrimento de bebês e crianças estão sendo silenciados e aprisionados em laudos e intervenções medicamentosas.
Introducing Networked Learning with Human Resource Development Professionals Internationally
Authors: Edwards Catherine
Published: December 2024

This paper offers an analytic and reflective discussion based on data from longitudinal action research in to the curriculum development of a postgraduate course for human resource development professionals. Earlier work discussed the introduction of email discussion into this distance learning programme to enhance dialogic learning (Edwards and Hammond, 1998). Course team discussion, staff development and further research with students arising from this study led to the design of a course intranet. The purpose of the intranet was to offer a forum for students world-wide to share in formation and perspectives related to their learning and their professional practice. The paper explores issues raised in the preparatory stages of this development, about the potential of networked learning, especially in relation to our aspirations to enhance collaboration between learners (McConnell, 1998). It discusses the value of discovering and acknowledging the different interpretations or learning networks and networked learning held by and shared amongst students from diverse culture, who were preparing to use this new technology for trans-cultural communication and learning.
As Simple as Possible, as Complex as Necessary
Authors: Halliwell Julian
Published: December 2024

The Internet and its associated technologies have proved serendipitously to be able to offer the universal network platform upon which to build Illich's longed for "educational web" (Pickering, 1995). Instead of having to be content with the cost and limitations of discrete experimental infrastructures, developers of networked learning have been presented with a ready-made means of translating theory very rapidly into practice and of realizing their goal of new, potentially global teaching and learning environments based on accessibility, flexibility, empowerment, alternative modes of communication and so on.
Amidst the excitement of this unexpected achievement, however, it is easy to forget that the Internet was not designed for the purposes of mass participation to which it is now being put. Ordinary users - people without technical computing expertise of any kind - were very far from the minds of the Internet pioneers who could not have envisaged the outcome of their project. Email and the web have been successful amongst other reasons because: 1) they are genuinely and profoundly useful; 2) they have been developed in an ''open source'' spirit of universal access and standardization; and 3) by and large they work. On the other hand their success is most certainly not due to their inherent simplicity: they are far from being as straightforward to use as say a toaster, a telephone or even a television set.
Whilst acknowledging and welcoming the success of the Internet, and the web in particular, we should also recognize that this has been in spite of the fact that it is fundamentally complex as a system compared with the mass appliance technologies with which most people are familiar. This recognition should lead us, as both educational and technical developers of internet-based learning, to pay closer attention to counter-balancing the underlying userunfriendliness of our adopted medium by placing greater value on simplicity and usability. Unfortunately, although ordinary users frequently appreciate these qualities, both pedagogical and technical designers (not to mention managers and decision makers) tend to place greater importance on having sophisticated, comprehensive and "cutting edge'' functionality, without considering fully whether the resulting systems are appropriate or will ultimately be effective.
In this paper I will argue for greater emphasis to be placed upon simplicity as a key value in educational and technical design for web-based learning in the interests of achieving systems that are adequate, appropriate and effective. I will suggest that this approach is likely to lead more often to choices about what to leave out of the design rather than what to include. Complexity is not excluded, indeed it will often be unavoidable if the system is to be adequate, but it must be properly justified in the context in which the system is being developed and must not unnecessarily compromise effectiveness.
Networked Learning in Professional Education Using Virtual Enterprises
Authors: Vescoukis V. C. , Retalis S. , Michiotis S.
Published: December 2024

No doubt, the use of new technologies in education has attracted the attention of researchers and education providers for several years. Many cases have been proposed, where the use of new technological tools, especially of network-based ones, can be applied in order to favour the educational process by adding some value. New educational models have been proposed. Tools, frameworks and educational content in electronic form, have been presented and many are still under development using support from the private and public sector, as well as from the EU. Although there are several cases where networked learning has been a paradigm of great success, it cannot be said that the human and capital investments made in the area have been proven profitable" in terms of improving the quality of at least some categories of education. Perhaps it is the co-incidence of the introduction of networked learning with the restructuring of educational systems that hold the wide adaptation of new methods in education, or perhaps it is simply too early. No matter what the case is, we are still trying to identify areas where networked learning can be applied, which educational models, tools and, last but not least, types of educational software are effective.
Climate-Aware Machine Learning for Above-Ground Biomass Estimation
Authors: Meineche Aske
Published: December 2024

This study explores the role of data science, machine learning, and artificial intelligence in addressing environmental challenges, specifically focusing on the estimation of Above-Ground Biomass (AGBM) using satellite imagery. The research aims to compare the effectiveness of temporal and spatial modelling techniques in AGBM estimation and to assess the utility of the AI-Climate Alignment Framework proposed by Kaack et al. (2022) in guiding environmentally responsible model development. A tree-based learner and a neural learner are trained on a small dataset, using a temporal and a spatial representation. The results show that the tree-based learner emits less carbon in inference, and outperforms the neural learner when training on small a small sample.
Datadrevet landdistriktsplanlægning i Guldborgsund Kommune
Authors: Søder Peter , Andersen Ole
Published: December 2024

På trods af en fremherskende fortælling om modurbanisering til og i de danske landdistrikter, vidner kvantitative registerdata om, at de fleste landkommuner i Danmark er udfordrede af affolkning. I en kombination af principper og metoder fra spatial data science og business intelligence som fagområder, analyseres der i denne artikel flyttedata på adresseniveau for samtlige adresseændringer i en dansk landkommune, over en 17-årig periode. I et modsvar til at flyttemønstre og demografiske udfordringer typisk opfattes som komplekse, tangerende til uforståelige, anlægges der et teoretisk perspektiv baseret på kompleksitetsteori, hvori kommuner og øvrige administrative enheder betragtes som komplekse sociale systemer. Det observeres generelt, at kommunens bosætningsstrategi ikke reflekterer analysens resultater på flere centrale punkter, ligesom der er tydelige indikationer på, at det alene er kommunens landområder der affolkes. Dertil kommer en observation om, samt kvantificering af, tilknytning til kommunen, som i sig selv er et originalt bidrag til forskningslitteraturen inden for planlægning. Artiklens samlede bidrag er således både af betydning for forvaltningen af og forskningen i landdistrikter, hvilket kan få stor betydning for landdistrikternes fremtid.