bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR TEDARİK ZİNCİRİ YÖNETİMİ İÇİN ENDÜSTRİ 4.0’ DAKİ ZORLUKLARIN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: KARAKOÇ Nesrin , EREN Tamer , ÖZCAN Evrencan
Published: August 2020

Teknolojinin hızla gelişmesiyle beraber kurumların bütün çalışma yapısı ve süreçlerinin dijitalleşmesi kaçınılmaz olmuştur. Kurumlarda dijitalleşmenin sağlanabilmesi için değişim ve dönüşüme karşı ayak uydurulması gerekmektedir. Mevcut yapının performansı, muhtemel riskleri, pazar payları, rekabet koşulları gibi sürekli değişen faktörler dikkate alınarak tedarik zincirleri değerlendirmeli ve gerektiğinde yeniden yapılandırılmalıdır. Tedarik zincirinde bulunan üyelerin birbiriyle eş zamanlı ve doğru bilgi alışverişinde bulunmaları gerekmektedir. Aksi durumda atıl kapasite, taşıma masrafları, stok fazlası, müşteri memnuniyetsizliği gibi bazı problemlerle karşılaşılmaktadır. Bu gibi problemlerle karşılaşılmaması için tedarik zincirindeki süreçlerin gerçek zamanlı takip edilmesi ve etkin bir şekilde yönetilmesi endüstri 4.0 tabanlı sürdürülebilir tedarik zinciriyle mümkün hale gelmektedir. Endüstri 4.0 yaklaşımıyla tedarik zinciri yönetimi karmaşık bir hal almadan sürecin hızlanması sağlanmaktadır. Dijitalleşme konusunda ihtiyaçlar doğru belirlenmediği veya doğru çözüm ortaklarıyla çalışılmadığı takdirde bütün süreç olumsuz etkilenmektedir. Endüstri 4.0 yaklaşımının bütün boyutlarının ele alındığı hem stratejik hem operasyonel ihtiyaç ve uygulamaların kapsamlı bir şekilde tartışıldığı bir yapı gerekmektedir. Bunun için çalışmada sürdürülebilir tedarik zinciri yönetiminde endüstri 4.0 teknolojisine geçişteki zorlukların değerlendirilmesinde analitik ağ süreci yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Analitik ağ süreci, faktörlerin birbiri ile olan ilişkileri ve bağları dikkate alan, geribildirim sağlayan bir yöntemdir. Bu yöntemle çalışmada tedarik zinciri sürdürülebilirliğini sağlamak için dijitalleşme yolunda karşılaşılan zorluklar analiz edilip kriter ağırlıkları belirlenmiştir.
Rekomendasi Pengadaan Obat dan Alat Kesehatan Dengan Fuzzy Database (Studi kasus: Instalasi Farmasi Klinik Utama Cideng Medical Center)
Authors: Adha Kamal Maulana , Widyastuti Susi
Published: August 2020

Kemudahan dalan melakukan pencarian terhadap persediaan obat dan alat kesehatan untuk pengadaan yang sesuai standar persyaratan mutu pada Instalasi Farmasi merupaka salah satu faktor kunci dalam menunjang pelayanan apa lagi dalam pencarian tersebut dapat direpresentasikan kedalam bahasa sehari-hari semisal: mahal, hampir habis, ataupun banyak oleh karena itu perlu adanya teknik informasi untuk mewujudkannya karena hingga saat ini belum ada suatu penerapan metode untuk permasalahn tersebut terutama di Instalasi Klinik Utama Cideng Medical Center.

Metode Fuzzy Database yaitu, suatu sistem basis data yang menggunakan teori himpunan fuzzy ke dalam Databases untuk menghasilkan informasi, dengan demikian pencarian persediaan obat dan alat kesehatan di Database dapat direpresentasikan kedalam bahasa sehari-hari.Maka Fuzzy Database sangat sesuai untuk di terapkan dalam Database pencarian obat dan alkes sebagai rekomendasi pengadaan di Insatalasi Farmasi Klinik Utama Cideng Medical Center, karena pencarian obat dan alat kesehatan itu begitu kompleks, akan sangat mudah apabila bisa dikomunikasikan dalam keseharian kita.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Untuk Menentukan Pengangkatan Karyawan Menggunakan Metode Profile Matching
Authors: Setiawati Iis , Kosim Kosim
Published: August 2020

Dalam pengangkatan SDM perlu adanya penilaian – penilaian untuk mengetahui layak atau tidaknya SDM tersebut bekerja pada perusahaan. Koperasi kredit sejahtera memiliki standar penilaian berupa kehadiran yang memiliki prosentasi terbesar yaitu 30%, kerajinan 25%, perilaku 25% dan cepat tanggap dalam pekerjaanya 20%. Metode yang di pakai dalam sistem pendukung keputusan ini adalah profile matching, dimana hasil akhir dari proses profile matching adalah ranking dari karyawan kontrak yang akan diangkat menjadi karyawan tetap. Dalam penelitian ini penulis melakukan pembatasan nilai yang harus dicapai oleh setiap karyawan, dimana jika hasil akhir > 3 maka karyawan tersebut layak diangkat menjadi karyawan tetap sedangkan jika hasil akhir < 3 maka karyawan tersebut belum layak diangkat menjadi karyawan tetap. Dari hasil uji coba didapatkan bahwa hanya ada 1 karyawan yang tidak layak umtuk diangkat menjadi karyawan tetap .
Congenital orbital teratoma: A case report
Authors: Raza Ahmed , Mushtaq Asma , Qayyum Seema , Azhar Fiza , Imran Ahmad , Qayyum Ashvinah
Published: August 2020

Background: Teratoma originates from all three germinal layers and commonly found at the sacrococcygeal region. The orbit is an unusual site of occurrence, but they grow rapidly and cause massive proptosis.
Case Presentation: A 9-day-old female neonate presented with marked unilateral proptosis of the right eye. Imaging workup gave a suspicion of a complex mass with internal hemorrhage or a teratoma. Modified exenteration was performed. Histopathological examination revealed mature cystic teratoma.
Conclusion: Orbital teratoma presents with marked disfiguring proptosis in neonatal life. Prompt complete surgical excision is curative in the case of mature lesions.
Desarrollo silvícola de Hidalgo y Puebla en el contexto del Programa Estratégico Forestal para México 2025
Authors: Ceballos Pérez Sergio Gabriel
Published: August 2020

El territorio mexicano se caracteriza por su gran riqueza natural, se encuentra dentro
del grupo de los 12 países más megadiversos. En el norte y parte del centro del país se localizan las zonas áridas y semiáridas , donde se ubican los matorrales xerófilos, pastizales y bosques espinosos; en las planicies costeras y secas del Pacífico, centro del golfo de México y noroeste de Yucatán se encuentran los bosques tropicales secos y semisecos; en las zonas más húmedas inferiores a los 900 metros sobre el nivel del mar se ubican los bosques tropicales perennifolios, y a mayores altitudes los bosques de niebla; en las sierras se encuentran los bosques de encinos y coníferas (Sarukhan, 2012).
Diseño e implementación de un sistema de control para un horno de crisol
Authors: Quiroga Josué , Flores Evelyn , Coba Alfredo , Tapia Jeysson
Published: August 2020

Este trabajo presenta el diseño de un sistema de control de temperatura, y su proceso de implementación electrónica en un horno de crisol para fundir aluminio. El sistema permite el control de un quemador a gas, cuya llama calienta el horno permitiendo fundir el material. Se incorpora una interfaz gráfica para el ingreso y visualización de los valores de temperatura que se requieren en la cámara del horno. El sistema permitió facilitar el manejo del horno e incorporar la visualización de la temperatura. Palabras Clave: horno a gas, control de temperatura, fundición de aluminio, HMI. Referencias [1]M. Jami, E. Suntaxi y C. Torres., “Diseño y construcción de un horno crisol para fundición de aluminio con una capacidad de 15 kg/h a una temperatura de 800 ºC utilizando GLP,” Quito: Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, 2014. [2]V. Rodas., “Diseño e Implementación de un Sistema de Control Automático para seis hornos. Quito: Escuela Politécnica Nacional”, 2015. [3]G. Earnshaw., (2008), Química de los elementos (Chemistry of the Elements). [En línea], Disponible en: http://www.lenntech.es/periodica/elementos/al.htm. [Último acceso: 20 de Enero de 2020] [4]G. Nabertherm., (2016). Fundición. Obtenido de Conceptos alternativos de hornos de fundición. [En línea], Disponible en: http://www.nabertherm.es/produkte/details/es/giesserei_schmelz-und-warmhalteoefen. [Último acceso: 20 de Enero de 2020] [5]Catálogo, S/N, Weishaupt., Producto: Instalacion sobre quemadores compactos, España. [6]D. Bedoya, “Diseño de un contrastador de temperatura para termómetros de termocuplas tipo K,” Pontifice Universidad Católica del Perú, 2014. [7]P. González y R. Noriega, “Diseño e Implementación de un Módulo Didáctico para Control de Nivel, Temperatura y Caudal mediante la red de Comunicación de Campo DeviceNet”, Sangolqui, Ecuador, may 2012. [8]A. Creus, Instrumentación industrial, 8a ed. México D.F.: Alfaomega Grupo Editor, S.A. de C.V., 2011. [9]C. Smith y A. Corripio, Principles and Practice of Automatic Control, 3a ed. Estados Unidos de América, New York: Wiley, 2005. [10]D. Seborg, D. Mellichamp, T. Edgar y F. Doyle, Process Dynamics and Control, 4a ed. Estados Unidos de América:Wiley, 2016.
Single European Sky: The progress so Far
Authors: Motyka Anna , Njoya Eric Tchouamou
Published: August 2020

This paper aims to assess the progress made towards the implementation of a Single European Sky (SES). It examines the program’s four main key performance indicators - environmental impact, safety, cost efficiency and capacity - and depicts in more detail the sequence of changes in each problematic area, thereby providing a better visualization of the main milestones and the issues hindering proposed reforms. The paper concludes that the overall process of reforming European airspace within SES has been slow and delayed, partly due to a lack of cooperation and commitment from air navigation service providers and states to deliver the information needed and apply desired amendments. The paper recommends several actions, which could improve the SES performance, including among others the implementation of incentives to meet the program’s objectives, as well as penalties for lack of cooperation, and the introduction of a common en-route charging rate at the European level.
Effects of type of tropical pasture and concentrate supplementation level on the carcass traits of grazing lambs
Authors: Vega Britez Gustavo Daniel , Vargas Junior Fernando Miranda , Retore Marciana , Silva Marcelo Corrêa , Ledesma Luana Liz Medina , Silva Adrielly Lais Alves , Monteschio Jéssica Oliveira , Fernandes Tatiane
Published: August 2020

Abstract. The nutritional requirements can be met, and carcass quality can be achieved by using concentrate supplementation in the diets of grazing
lambs. This study evaluated the effects of different concentrate supplementation rates (0 %, 1.5 %, and 3 % of body weight) and tropical pastures
(Panicum maximum cv. `Aruana' and Brachiaria brizantha cv. `Marandu') on lamb carcass traits. Thirty-six male Suffolk lambs, with an initial body weight
of 22.54 ± 2.72 kg, were evaluated in a 3 × 2 factorial experimental design. The concentrate used consisted of milled
soybean, maize, and oat grains. The pasture species affected empty body weight and commercial cuts. The use of concentrate supplementation affected
carcass weight, yield, indexes, and commercial cuts. Also, the use of concentrate supplementation improved the weight of muscle and fat
content. Based on discriminant analysis it is possible to identify the rearing systems, when all variables where used, or the level of concentrate
supplementation when variables of weight were used. Carcasses of animals on grass-only diets were different and easier to discriminate. The use of
concentrate supplementation on rearing lambs improves the quality of carcass traits. The period of finishing can be shorted with supplementation of
3 % of body weigh in Aruana and Marandu grass. The discriminant analysis can identify the differences between rearing systems based on all
carcass traits. This analysis can be used to develop carcass traceability systems.
The value of remote marine aerosol measurements for constraining radiative forcing uncertainty
Authors: Regayre Leighton A. , Schmale Julia , Johnson Jill S. , Tatzelt Christian , Baccarini Andrea , Henning Silvia , Yoshioka Masaru , Stratmann Frank , Gysel-Beer Martin , Grosvenor Daniel P. , Carslaw Ken S.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Aerosol measurements over the Southern Ocean are used to constrain
aerosol–cloud interaction radiative forcing (RFaci) uncertainty in a global climate model. Forcing uncertainty is quantified using 1 million climate model variants that sample the uncertainty in nearly 30 model parameters. Measurements of cloud condensation nuclei and other aerosol properties from an Antarctic circumnavigation expedition strongly constrain natural aerosol emissions: default sea spray emissions need to be increased by around a factor of 3 to be consistent with measurements. Forcing uncertainty is reduced by around 7 % using this set of several hundred measurements, which is comparable to the 8 % reduction achieved using a diverse and extensive set of over 9000 predominantly Northern Hemisphere measurements. When Southern Ocean and Northern Hemisphere measurements are combined, uncertainty in RFaci is reduced by 21 %, and the strongest 20 % of forcing values are ruled out as implausible. In this combined constraint, observationally plausible RFaci is around 0.17 W m−2 weaker (less negative) with 95 % credible values ranging from −2.51 to
−1.17 W m−2 (standard deviation of −2.18 to −1.46 W m−2). The Southern Ocean and Northern Hemisphere measurement datasets are complementary because they constrain different processes. These results
highlight the value of remote marine aerosol measurements.
Building indoor model in PALM model system 6.0: Indoor climate,
energy demand, and the interaction between buildings and the urban
climate
Authors: Pfafferott Jens , Rißmann Sascha , Sühring Matthias , Kanani-Sühring Farah , Maronga Björn
Published: August 2020

Abstract. There is a strong interaction between the urban and the building energy balance. The urban climate affects the heat transfer through exterior walls, the longwave heat transfer between the building surfaces and the surroundings, the shortwave solar heat gains and the heat transport by ventilation. Considering also the internal heat gains and the heat capacity of the building structure, the energy demand for heating and cooling and the indoor thermal environment can be calculated based on the urban climate. According to the building energy concept, the energy demand results in an (anthropogenic) waste heat, this is directly transferred to the urban environment. Furthermore, the indoor temperature is re-coupled via the building envelope to the urban environment and affects indirectly the urban climate with a time shifted and damped temperature fluctuation. We developed and implemented a holistic building model for the combined calculation of indoor climate and energy demand based on an analytic solution of Fourier’s equation. The building model is integrated via an urban surface model into the urban climate model.
A field-validated surrogate crop model for predicting root-zone moisture and salt content in regions with shallow groundwater
Authors: Liu Zhongyi , Huo Zailin , Wang Chaozi , Zhang Limin , Wang Xianghao , Huang Guanhua , Xu Xu , Steenhuis Tammo Siert
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Optimum management of irrigated crops in regions with shallow saline
groundwater requires a careful balance between application of irrigation
water and upward movement of salinity from the groundwater. Few
field-validated surrogate models are available to aid in the management of
irrigation water under shallow groundwater conditions. The objective of
this research is to develop a model that can aid in the management using a
minimum of input data that are field validated. In this paper a 2-year
field experiment was carried out in the Hetao irrigation district in Inner
Mongolia, China, and a physically based integrated surrogate model for arid
irrigated areas with shallow groundwater was developed and validated with
the collected field data. The integrated model that links crop growth with
available water and salinity in the vadose zone is called Evaluation of the
Performance of Irrigated Crops and Soils (EPICS). EPICS recognizes that
field capacity is reached when the matric potential is equal to the height
above the groundwater table and thus not by a limiting hydraulic
conductivity. In the field experiment, soil moisture contents and soil salt
conductivity at five depths in the top 100 cm, groundwater depth, crop
height, and leaf area index were measured in 2017 and 2018. The field
results were used for calibration and validation of EPICS. Simulated and
observed data fitted generally well during both calibration and validation.
The EPICS model that can predict crop growth, soil water, groundwater
depth, and soil salinity can aid in optimizing water management in
irrigation districts with shallow aquifers.
Introducing noisi: a Python tool for ambient noise cross-correlation modeling and noise source inversion
Authors: Ermert Laura , Igel Jonas , Sager Korbinian , Stutzmann Eléonore , Nissen-Meyer Tarje , Fichtner Andreas
Published: August 2020

Abstract. We introduce the open-source tool noisi for the forward and inverse modeling of ambient seismic cross-correlations with spatially varying
source spectra. It utilizes pre-computed databases of Green's functions to represent seismic wave propagation between ambient seismic sources and
seismic receivers, which can be obtained from existing repositories or imported from the output of wave propagation solvers. The tool was built
with the aim of studying ambient seismic sources while accounting for realistic wave propagation effects. Furthermore, it may be used to guide the
interpretation of ambient seismic auto- and cross-correlations, which have become preeminent seismological observables, in light of nonuniform
ambient seismic sources. Written in the Python language, it is accessible for both usage and further development and efficient enough to
conduct ambient seismic source inversions for realistic scenarios. Here, we introduce the concept and implementation of the tool, compare its model
output to cross-correlations computed with SPECFEM3D_globe, and demonstrate its capabilities on selected use cases: a comparison of observed
cross-correlations of the Earth's hum to a forward model based on hum sources from oceanographic models and a synthetic noise source inversion
using full waveforms and signal energy asymmetry.
Quantifying the impact of synoptic weather types and patterns on energy fluxes of a marginal snowpack
Authors: Schwartz Andrew J. , McGowan Hamish A. , Theobald Alison , Callow Nik
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Synoptic weather patterns are investigated for their impact on energy fluxes
driving melt of a marginal snowpack in the Snowy Mountains, southeast
Australia. K-means clustering applied to ECMWF ERA-Interim data identified
common synoptic types and patterns that were then associated with in situ
snowpack energy flux measurements. The analysis showed that the largest
contribution of energy to the snowpack occurred immediately prior to the
passage of cold fronts through increased sensible heat flux as a result of
warm air advection (WAA) ahead of the front. Shortwave radiation was found
to be the dominant control on positive energy fluxes when individual
synoptic weather types were examined. As a result, cloud cover related to
each synoptic type was shown to be highly influential on the energy fluxes
to the snowpack through its reduction of shortwave radiation and
reflection/emission of longwave fluxes. As single-site energy balance
measurements of the snowpack were used for this study, caution should be
exercised before applying the results to the broader Australian Alps region.
However, this research is an important step towards understanding changes in
surface energy flux as a result of shifts to the global atmospheric
circulation as anthropogenic climate change continues to impact marginal
winter snowpacks.
Summer valley-floor snowfall in Taylor Valley, Antarctica from 1995–2017
Authors: Myers Madeline E. , Doran Peter T. , Myers Krista F.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. In polar, coastal areas like Taylor Valley, snowfall is predicted to increase under warming conditions as reduced sea ice increases open water area and evaporation potential, thereby creating conditions that would facilitate precipitation. Taylor Valley is a mosaic of glaciers, valley-bottom ice-covered lakes, ephemeral streams and dark, rocky soils. Ecosystems are both light- and nutrient-limited and rely on seasonally available liquid water. Although Taylor Valley receives minimal snowfall annually, light snow cover during summer months reduces radiation for primary productivity and slows melting by increasing the local albedo. Snowfall has been measured at four sites in Taylor Valley since 1995. Daily photographs at the Lake Hoare station in the central portion of the valley record snow cover since 2007 and augment the automated precipitation measurements. Here, we focus on valley-floor snowfall due to its effect on ecosystems in the valley-bottom lakes and streams. Precipitation increased by 3 mm water equivalent (w.e.) a−1 from 1995 to 2009, then decreased by 1 mm w.e. a−1 through 2017. Since 2009, annual snowfall in Taylor Valley ranges from 1 to 30 mm w.e. High snowfall during the Spring near the coast is indicative of high summer snowfall at the more inland Lake Bonney station (r2 = 0.66; p < 0.05). In contrast, the average fraction of days with snow on the ground tripled at Lake Hoare after 2011, primarily during Spring and Fall. Fall snow persistence at Lake Hoare has been increasing by ~ 1 day per year since the start of the record in 2007, although Spring snow cover exhibits no trend. In agreement with previous studies, regression analysis revealed no correlation of snow cover or snowfall with sea ice extent or mean temperatures. Strong seasonality and interannual variability underscores the complexity of precipitation and snow persistence controls in Taylor Valley. In regions where snow cover contributes more to the radiation budget than the hydrologic budget, photographs are the most reliable method for monitoring precipitation. The results of this study highlight the importance of continued monitoring of precipitation throughout Taylor Valley. The establishment of coastal and inland snow cover monitoring stations would augment point observations of snow cover and add spatial complexity to our present understanding of the expected hydrologic and ecosystem response to climate change in Taylor Valley.
Assessment of flavonoids and phenolic compound accumulation in invasive Solidago canadensis L. in Slovakia
Authors: Shelepova Olga , Vinogradova Yulia , Vergun Olena , Grygorieva Olga , Brindza Ján
Published: August 2020

Solidago canadensis L. was introduced to Europe as an ornamental plant from North America in 1645 and began to spread during the XIX-XX centuries. Nowadays the species is considered the most aggressive invasive species. On the other hand, S. canadensis is considered to be a medicinal plant. The raw material known as Herba Solidaginis includes herbs of S. canadensis, S. gigantea, and S. virgaurea. These species are known for their diuretic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antispasmodic properties. The purpose of our study was to analyze the chemical compounds and some biological properties of S. canadensis, growing in Slovakia, to evaluate its therapeutic potential. The total phenolic content (TPC) of the extracts from aerial parts of S. canadensis was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The evaluation of total flavonoid content (TFC) was performed by using a spectrophotometric method. The flavonoids content was expressed as rutin equivalents (mg REs) per g DW vegetal product. The phytochemical profile of S. canadensis extracts was assessed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The radical scavenging activity of samples was measured using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Reducing power of extracts was determined by the phosphomolybdenum method. Total phenolic contents (TPC) and total flavonoid contents (TFC) of the extracts varied from 204.19 to 293.43 mg GAE.g-1 DW, and 64.99 – 175.25 g QE.g-1 DW, respectively; the best results were obtained for ethanol extract. Some phenolic compounds were identified by HPLC with significant amounts of rutin (211.20 µg.mL-1), quercetin (122.08 µg.mL-1), quercitrin (102.50 µg.mL-1) and chlorogenic acid (147.00 µg.mL-1). The DPPH values in the inflorescences were higher than in the leaves: the antioxidant activity of leaf extracts was in the range from 5.34 to 17.16 mg TE.g-1, for inflorescences, this parameter ranged from 6.09 to 19.87 mg TE.g-1. The high total phenolic compounds and flavonoids can be used as a valuable source of phytochemicals in herbal remedies. Our study of S. canadensis, growing in Slovakia, shows the promising potential that can be evaluated as an effective antioxidant and antimicrobial agent in herbal medicines.
Influence of maintenance technology in arid conditions on efficiency of marbled beef production
Authors: Gorlov Ivan Fiodorovich , Fedotova Gilian Vasylevna , Slozhenkina Marina Ivanovna , Anisimova Elena Yurevna , Kaydulina Ayzhan Andreevna , Grishin Vladimir Sergeevich , Knyazhechenko Olga Andreevna , Mosolova Darya Aleksandronva
Published: August 2020

In recent years, Russia has been developing domestic single-purpose meat cattle breeding. Some livestock farms have focused on the production of high-quality grades of raw meat, i.e. ‘marbled’ beef. Meat of that kind is in great demand in the premium meat market. At the same time, production of beef without using steroids and hormonal drugs increases the competitiveness of this product on the world market in countries of the West and the Middle East. Within the framework of our study, an experiment was conducted on Kalmyk cattle in the arid conditions of OAO Kirovskij in the Republic of Kalmykia. Standardized methods of analysis were used. For the experiment, 10-month-old steers were selected and divided into two groups (Control and Test), 30 heads each. They were kept and fed according to different technologies until the age of 19 months. The Test group steers were kept tied up and fed with a diet developed by the Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production; the Control group steers were kept according to conventional beef cattle production technology. The wide expansion range and popularity of this cattle breed are caused by the high productivity of steers whether kept tied up or allowed to graze free. The compared qualities of beef obtained from Kalmyk steers proved that keeping them tied up allows increased production efficiency of raw meat which is an important factor for meat production, being intensified in an unstable situation in agriculture
Contention Between English as a Second Language and Special Education Services for Emergent Bilinguals with Disabilities
Authors: Lopes-Murphy Solange A.
Published: August 2020

The debate surrounding the prioritization of services for emergent bilinguals with disabilities is an area in need of attention. The generalized belief that disability-related services must take priority over English as a Second Language services suggests that there is a critical need to develop school professionals’ understanding that these learners, in addition to receiving special education services, need substantial support in developing their second language abilities. The steady growth of emergent bilinguals and multilinguals in public schools, that is, students acquiring English as a new language, calls for well-trained practitioners able to meet these students’ diverse linguistic, academic, cultural, emotional, and intellectual needs. The typical challenges this population faces acquiring a new language have, well too often, been misrepresented, neglected, or led them to programs for students with true disabilities. However, when emergent bilinguals are legitimately referred to special education, it is not uncommon for their disability-related needs to be prioritized over their English as a Second Language-related needs, and they end up not receiving the support they need to develop social and academic skills in the new language. This review article is intended to stimulate reflection on the types of services being delivered to emergent bilinguals and multilinguals with disabilities in U.S. public school settings.
Bespreking van: Peter van der Knaap, Valérie Pattyn & Dick Hanemaayer, Beleidsevaluatie in theorie en praktijk, Den Haag: Boom bestuurskunde 2020
Authors: Fledderus Joost
Published: August 2020

Bespreking van: Peter van der Knaap, Valérie Pattyn & Dick Hanemaayer, Beleidsevaluatie in theorie en praktijk, Den Haag: Boom bestuurskunde 2020

In maart 2020 verscheen het boek Beleidsevaluatie in theorie en praktijk van Peter van der Knaap, Valérie Pattyn en Dick Hanemaayer. Joost Fledderus bespreekt de inhoud van het boek en geeft aan welke meerwaarde het biedt voor (aankomende) beleidsonderzoekers.
Regional Differentiation in Europe, between EU Proposals and National Reforms
Authors: Saputelli Gabriella
Published: August 2020

Regional Differentiation in Europe, between EU Proposals and National Reforms

Regions and local governments play a very important role in the application of European law and in the implementation of European policies. The economic crisis of 2008 has accentuated territorial and social differentiation and highlighted the negative effects of globalization. This circumstance has created resentment among peripheral and marginal communities in the electoral results, but also a strong request for involvement, participation and sometimes independence from territories. These developments raise new questions about the relationship between the EU and the Regions and, more widely, about the role of subnational entities in the EU integration process, as they are the institutions nearest to citizens.

The aim of this article is to contribute to that debate by exploring the following research question: ‘is subnational differentiation positive or negative for European integration?’ Towards a possible answer, two perspectives are examined from a constitutional law approach. From the top down, it examines the attitude of the EU towards regional differentiation, from the origins of the EU integration process and its development until recent initiatives and proposals. From the bottom up, it analyses the role of subnational entities by presenting the Italian experience, through the reforms that have been approved over the years until the recent proposal for asymmetric regionalism. The aim is to understand whether regional differentiation still represents a positive element for the European integration process, considering the role that subnational entities play in many policies and the challenges described earlier.
Conquistas e retrocessos do direito à educação: nas legislações e propostas de formação de professores
Authors: Araujo Adriana Cabral Pereira de , Leite Vania Finholdt Angelo
Published: August 2020

O ensaio analisa as legislações brasileiras a partir de 1988, as propostas de formação de professores verificando em que medida elas respeitam a criança como sujeito de direitos. Para tal, o córpus de análise foi composto pelas legislações (Constituição Federal de 1988; Lei nº 9.394/1996; PNE 2014-2024; EC nº 95/2016), pelo Referencial Curricular Nacional da Educação Infantil; Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais da Educação Infantil e o programa Proinfantil. Por meio da análise percebemos que houveram avanços do direito da criança na Constituição Federal de 1988 pela obrigatoriedade e gratuidade da educação, assim como na lei 9.394/1996 que definiu a Educação Infantil como primeira etapa da educação básica. Notamos, ainda, que a proposta do Proinfantil respeita a criança e seus direitos, ao propor práticas pedagógicas que incluam, ouçam e respeitem a criança, como ser participativo, ativo, criativo, produtor de culturas, reconhecendo-a como atores sociais de pleno direito.
Underligt nog/klokt nog – en ganska ny typ av satsadverb i svenska och norska
Authors: Malmgren Sven-Göran
Published: August 2020

Syftet med studien är att demonstrera hur nya och allt större korpusar kan ge oss djupare insikter i svensk och norsk språkhistoria. Detta illustreras av den ganska nya satsadverbtypen underligt/klokt nog, t.ex. underligt nog var ingen hemma. För att hitta ett förstabelägg för konstruktionstypen år 2000 fanns bara den stora historiska svenska ordboken (SAOB) att tillgå; där hit-tades ett belägg från 1839. År 2014 var den svenska Litteraturbanken, där stora delar av den klassiska svenska litteraturen finns digitaliserad, redan väl utbyggd, och ett belägg från 1833 hittades. I dag, år 2020, är så gott som alla viktiga svenska tidningar från 1700-talet och framåt digitalt tillgäng-liga via Kungliga biblioteket, och nu kan konstruktionstypen spåras tillbaka till åtminstone 1805. Som framgår av studien är utvecklingen i Norge och norskan, såväl vad gäller digitala textmaterial som den aktuella konstrukt-ionstypen, i allt väsentligt parallell.
Die Kontinuität von Rechtsordnungen
Authors: Kuch David
Published: August 2020

Modernes Recht ist durch eine hohe Entwicklungsdynamik geprägt. Die Regelungsbestände unterliegen raschem Wandel, der sich pausenlos, mal in kleineren, mal in größeren Schüben vollzieht. Der Jurisprudenz muss die inhaltliche Ordnung und Vermittlung der fluiden Rechtsmaterie gelingen, um den sicheren praktischen Umgang damit zu ermöglichen. Die Rechtstheorie als Theorie dieser Orientierungsleistung stellt hierfür allgemeine Ordnungskonzepte bereit. In ihnen findet die zeitliche Dimension von Recht allerdings meist wenig Beachtung, sodass gerade längerfristige Entwicklungen aus dem Blick geraten. Entgegen dieser Tendenz erschließt der vorliegende Beitrag Zugänge zum Problem der Zeitlichkeit von Rechtsordnungen. Sie liegen im Schnittfeld von Rechtstheorie und Rechtsgeschichte. Als Anschauungsmaterial dient die bundesdeutsche Verfassungsordnung, die sich in den letzten siebzig Jahren tiefgreifend verändert hat.
Haftung für autonome Systeme
Authors: Sommer Martin
Published: August 2020

Die Arbeit behandelt die vertrags- und deliktsrechtlichen Haftungsfragen für Künstliche Intelligenz de lege lata und de lege ferenda. Autonome Systeme bringen aufgrund ihrer Risiken (Autonomie, Vernetzung und Intransparenz) die klassische Rechtsdogmatik an ihre Grenzen. Die Arbeit vertritt daher einen modernen regulatorisch-rechtsdogmatischen Ansatz, um holistisch die Verantwortungssphären der Beteiligten (Vertragspartner, Hersteller, Anwender und Dritte) im geltenden materiellen Recht und der Darlegungs- und Beweislast abzugrenzen. Die Arbeit knüpft im zukünftigen Recht daran unional einen ko-regulierten „Stufenbau der Haftung“ (samt ausformulierten Verordnungs-Entwurf) an und fördert damit die Innovation im Technikrecht.
Semiotics and Philosophy
Authors: Houser Nathan ,   Semiotic Society of America
Published: August 2020

Semiotics has not been warmly welcomed as an area of research concentration within philosophy, especially not within philosophy in the English empirical tradition. But when we consider that much of the focus of semiotic research is signification, reference, and representation, it seems evident that semiotic questions are as old as reflective thought itself. A look at how these questions have been treated throughout the history of philosophy suggests that Umberto Eco was right in claiming that most major philosophers have grappled with sign theory, if only implicitly. The theory of signs was an active area of research during the Middle Ages and John Locke opened the Modern Age with the recommendation that semiotics should be cultivated. But the philosophers of Modernity embraced a Cartesian separation between mind and body unsupportive of a robust science of signs. When semiotics emerged as a discrete field of research in the writings of Charles S. Peirce and in the semiology of Ferdinand de Saussure, it remained on the fringes of philosophy. Around mid-20th century there was a resurgence of interest in semiotics and a promising attempt was made to merge American pragmatism and semiotics with the logical empiricism of the Vienna Circle. But that effort failed and semiotics was excluded from mainstream philosophy. There is now reason to suppose that philosophy, no longer under the domination of analytic philosophy, may be moving into a new period when a weakening commitment to epistemological nominalism will make room for a return to semiotic realism. Perhaps the time is right to follow Locke’s lead and to reconcile formal semiotics with philosophy—possibly heralding a new paradigm.
Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) obtained from common reed, Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. (Poaceae) in Iran with new records and descriptions of two new species
Authors: Lotfalizadeh Hossein , Karimpour Younes , Delvare Gérard , Rasplus Jean-Yves
Published: August 2020

Fourteen species of Chalcidoidea (Encyrtidae, Eulophidae, Eupelmidae, Eurytomidae, Pteromalidae and Torymidae) were obtained from the common reed, Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. (Poaceae) in the Urmia region, in the northwest of Iran. Among these species, two new species of Pteromalidae are described hereafter: Norbanus persicus Lotfalizadeh & Rasplus sp. nov. and Stenomalina delvarei Lotfalizadeh & Rasplus sp. nov. Anagyrus near alienus Japoshvili, 2002, Asitus sp., Cheiloneurus paralia (Walker, 1837), Echthroplexiella obscura (Hoffer, 1952), Neococcidencyrtus poutiersi (Mercet, 1922) (all Encyrtidae), Aprostocetus orithyia (Walker, 1839) (Eulophidae), Eupelmus phragmitis Erdös, 1955 (Eupelmidae), Aximopsis deserticola (Zerova, 2004) comb. nov., Tetramesa phragmitis (Erdös, 1952) and Tetramesa sp. (all Eurytomidae), Homoporus febriculosus (Girault, 1917) (Pteromalidae) and Torymus arundinis (Walker, 1833) (Torymidae) were also obtained from our laboratory rearing. Nine of these species are recorded for the first time from Iran.
Socioeconomic status and health-compromising behaviour: Is it all about perception?
Authors: de Hoog Natascha , van Dinther Susanne , Bakker Esther
Published: August 2020

Socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with many health issues and health-compromising behaviour (HCB). Most research is based on objective indicators of SES, even though subjective SES, someone’s perception of their social standing, is also related to health. Moreover, perceptions of health and HCB might also be of importance. Therefore, this study examined the relationship between both objective and subjective SES and perceived health and HCB respectively, and the role of perceptions of HCB. 326 respondents completed measures of objective and subjective SES, perceived health, HCB and perceptions of HCB. Results showed objective and subjective SES were related to perceived health. Only subjective SES was related to HCB, while for objective SES a moderating effect of perceiving HCB as typically high or low SES was found. Not only objective SES, but especially perceptions of SES and HCB are associated with someone feeling healthy and engaging in HCB. Health interventions should try to tackle perceptions of SES and HCB, either by invalidating current SES related perceptions or by emphasizing new healthy perceptions.
Understanding support for European integration across generations: A study guided by the theory of planned behavior
Authors: La Barbera Francesco , Ajzen Icek
Published: August 2020

Recent events, such as failed constitutional referenda, low voting turnout in the European Union parliamentary elections, and the 2016 Brexit referendum in the United Kingdom call for a better understanding of people’s voting behavior in relation to the EU. The current study is the first attempt to use the theory of planned behavior to explore the antecedents of voting for EU integration in an Italian convenience sample (N = 441) of varying age. A structural equation model of voting intentions showed an excellent fit to the data, both for the whole sample and for subsamples of young vs. old participants. Perceived behavioral control, mainly determined by participants’ beliefs about the difficulties of exerting direct democratic control through citizenship and voting, had a significant effect on intentions to vote in favor of EU integration across age groups. In addition, older people’s intentions were also affected by their attitude towards EU integration, based primarily on their beliefs about losing national identity.
The theory of planned behavior and the social identity approach: A new look at group processes and social norms in the context of student binge drinking
Authors: Willis Loren , Lee Eunro , Reynolds Katherine J. , Klik Kathleen A.
Published: August 2020

The current study investigates the theory of planned behavior with important additional predictors from the social identity approach. The study explores whether social identity might function as a driver of the theory of planned behavior and help explain how abstract group processes might impact student binge drinking behavior. Adopting a controlled statistical analysis, the hypothesized model expands the theory of planned behavior’s current conceptualization of group norms and considers how the behavioral content of a specific group, with group identification, impacts binge drinking behavior (N = 551 university students). A path analysis that simultaneously mapped all the hypothesized relationships supported a reconceptualization of social identity as a predictor within the theory of planned behavior. The interaction between group identification and the importance of drinking to the group’s identity significantly predicted an individual’s attitudes towards binge drinking and perceived social binge drinking norms (subjective, descriptive and injunctive), which in turn predicted intentions to binge drink. Intentions to binge drink predicted self-reported binge drinking behavior two weeks later, above and beyond relevant covariates. The implications of these findings are discussed, with recommendations for future research.
İş Yerlerinde Ergonomik Koşulların İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Açısından Aydınlatma Özelinde Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: GÖKYAY Orhan , OKŞAK İpek
Published: August 2020

İş yerlerinde çalışanlardan daha fazla verim alınmak istenmesi ve kişilere daha güvenli ve sağlıklı bir çalışma ortamı oluşturabilmek için günümüzde iş sağlığı ve güvenliğine (İSG) verilen önem artmıştır. Bununla birlikte çalışanlar daha değerli hale gelmiş dolayısıyla ergonomi bilimine verilen önem de katlanmıştır. Ergonomi bilimi insan ile iş arasındaki bütün ilişkileri ve bu ilişkiyi etkileyen tüm faktörleri inceler. Çalışanların işe, işin çalışanlara daha uyumlu hale gelmesi ergonominin amacıdır. İkili uyumluluğun sağlanmasıyla beraber çalışanların zorlanmayacağı ve daha verimli olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Yapılan çalışmada farklı iş kollarından çeşitli çalışanlara anket uygulanmış ve iş yerlerinde ergonomik koşulların uygulanıp uygulanmadığı, iş güvenliğinin sağlanıp sağlanmadığı araştırılmıştır. Araştırmaya toplam 64 kişi katılmıştır. Ergonomik koşullar üzerinde durulmuş, çalışanların sağlığı üzerinde ne tür etkiler yarattığı incelenmiştir.
Bu araştırmanın sonucunda çalışanların ergonomi ve ergonomik koşullarda oluşturulan iş yerleri hakkında bilgi sahibi olmadığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Ayrıca ofis ortamında kullanılan araç ve gereçlerin ergonomik koşullara uygun olmadığı belirlenmiştir. İşyerlerinde çalışanlar üzerinde aydınlatmanın yüksek önem taşıdığı fark edilmiştir. Aydınlatmanın düşük olduğu alanlarda çalışanların sağlığının olumsuz etkilendiği ve iş kazası oranlarında artış olduğu gözlenmiştir.
Polihedral Küme-Değerli Dönüşümlerin Yardımıyla Bir Eşitsizlik Sisteminin Çözülebilirliği Üzerine
Authors: DEĞER Özkan
Published: August 2020

Küme-değerli dönüşümlerin bilimsel, teknik ve diğer akademik disiplinlerdeki çeşitli çalışmalarda ortaya çıkan problemlerin çözümünde temel bir matematiksel araç olarak kullanılması günden güne hızla artmaktadır. Örneğin doğrusal olmayan analiz, doğrusal olmayan programlama, matematiksel ekonomi ve işletme, optimal kontrol teorisi, biyoloji, yapay zeka ve daha birçok araştırma alanlarında ortaya çıkan problemlere küme-değerli dönüşümler ve onlara ait teoriler ile çözüm bulunabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada x∈R^n,y∈R^m, y≥0,A bir r×n matris,B bir r×m matris olmak üzere bir (x_0,y_0)∈R^n×R^m için Ax_0-By_0≤0 eşitsizliğinin gerçekleşmesi durumunda polihedral küme-değerli dönüşümler kullanılarak Ax-By≤0 şeklinde verilen bir eşitsizlik sisteminin herhangi bir x için y’ye göre çözülebilir olabilmesi için bir yeter koşul verilmektedir. Bu amaçla önce, verilen eşitsizlik sistemi uygun bir konveks küme-değerli dönüşüm ile ifade edildi sonra da o küme-değerli dönüşümün eşlenik dönüşümü belirlendi.
Neural signatures of α2-Adrenergic agonist-induced unconsciousness and awakening by antagonist
Authors: Ballesteros Jesus Javier , Briscoe Jessica Blair , Ishizawa Yumiko
Published: August 2020

How the brain dynamics change during anesthetic-induced altered states of consciousness is not completely understood. The α2-adrenergic agonists are unique. They generate unconsciousness selectively through α2-adrenergic receptors and related circuits. We studied intracortical neuronal dynamics during transitions of loss of consciousness (LOC) with the α2-adrenergic agonist dexmedetomidine and return of consciousness (ROC) in a functionally interconnecting somatosensory and ventral premotor network in non-human primates. LOC, ROC and full task performance recovery were all associated with distinct neural changes. The early recovery demonstrated characteristic intermediate dynamics distinguished by sustained high spindle activities. Awakening by the α2-adrenergic antagonist completely eliminated this intermediate state and instantaneously restored awake dynamics and the top task performance while the anesthetic was still being infused. The results suggest that instantaneous functional recovery is possible following anesthetic-induced unconsciousness and the intermediate recovery state is not a necessary path for the brain recovery.
A New Approach to Estimate the Complex Relative Permittivity of Materials Based on Free-Space Reflection Method
Authors: Nguyen L. C. , Ho M. C. , Le T.-H.
Published: August 2020

A microwave free-space reflection method for determining the complex permittivity of planar materials is demonstrated. Improved the MUltiple SIgnal Classification (MUSIC) algorithm to estimate the complex relative permittivity of material based on the reflection coefficients measurement of a metal-backed material sample placed in a free-space with the thickness of the samples is the much greater time the wavelength. The measurement system consists of a pyramidal horn antenna operating at X-band and a metal-backed sample placed in a free-space. From the measured values of the reflection coefficients through a known thickness of a planar slab of the material sample, the complex relative permittivity of the material samples is estimated by the proposed algorithm without determining an integer time the wavelength in the sample under test. The proposed algorithm is verified with different thickness material samples at X-band. The estimation results show that the complex relative permittivity of material samples is accurately when thickness changes.