bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How has the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic changed the epidemiology and management of acute bronchiolitis?
Authors: Brisca Giacomo , Mariani Marcello , Buratti Silvia , Ferretti Marta , Pirlo Daniela , Buffoni Isabella , Mallamaci Marisa , Salvati Pietro , Tagliarini Giulia , Piccotti Emanuela , Sacco Oliviero , Castagnola Elio , Moscatelli Andrea
Published: October 2022

Objective: SARS-COV-2 pandemic had a profound impact on acute
bronchiolitis epidemiology, especially in RSV diffusion and the burden
of disease with implications on the management of prophylaxis and health
resources. We aimed to compare clinical and epidemiological
characteristics of bronchiolitis before and during the SARS-CoV-2
pandemic.   Methods: We conducted an observational study
involving children aged 0-2 years with bronchiolitis admitted to a
tertiary children’s hospital during the last 5 years. Demographic,
clinical, microbiological, and outcome data were collected. Comparison
between pre- and post-pandemic period, RSV positive versus non-RSV
patients, and SARS-CoV-2 positive vs negative patients were carried
out.    Results: A total of 647 patients admitted for
bronchiolitis were included (264 female,40.8%, median age 78 days).
Molecular diagnostic tests were performed in 617 patients (95.4%) with
RSV detected in 62.5% of patients. SARS-CoV-2 was found in 3.9% of
hospitalized bronchiolitis (3.9%). We observed a progressive increase
in bronchiolitis admissions and a statistically significant increase
over the years in the need for respiratory support. Conversely, this was
not true for mechanical ventilation, duration of respiratory support,
ICU admission, and length of stay. During the pandemic period children
with prematurity increased, although only 1 child had an indication for
prophylaxis. Discussion: We confirm the stronger impact of
bronchiolitis in the 2021-22 season, which is likely explained by the
higher prevalence of RSV and the immunity debt theory. However, our
findings were conflicting in terms of worsening clinical severity. The
increase of children with prematurity and the inter-seasonal spread of
RSV highlight the importance of epidemiological surveillance systems
that monitor RSV circulation.
Study on high voltage (5V) spinel lithium manganese oxide LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 by doping niobium
Authors: Li Wei , Wang Xiaotao , Wu Dan , Kong Dehao , Wu Han , Mang Lai , Liao bo , Tegus O , Cao Yongjun , Oimod Haschuluu
Published: October 2022

The effect of niobium ion with high valence doping on high voltage
LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 materials was investigated. LiNi0.5Mn1.5-xNbxO4 was
prepared by doping high-valent niobium ion into LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 material
using the organic assisted combustion method. The experimental samples
were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission
electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
and electrochemical impedance analysis. The experimental results show
that the doping with high valence niobium ion change the orientation of
the crystal plane growth of spinel particles, and the morphology of
these particles change from the octahedral shape before doping to the
spherical shape after doping. With the increase of doping amount, the
crystal structure changes gradually, resulting in the Li0.96Nb1.01O3
impurity phase. The doping of high valence niobium ion increases the
content of Mn3+ in the material, resulting in the appearance of a 4 V
discharge platform, and the formation of a 4.7 V and 4 V discharge
platform. The doping of Nb can improve the cycling stability of
LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 material, but the specific capacity of the material is
reduced.
Contingent Partitioning and Adaptation in Hydrological Systems
Authors: Phillips Jonathan
Published: October 2022

The question of whether the concept of adaptation can be applied to
Earth surface systems (independently of biological adaptation) is
addressed by examining hydrological flow systems. Hydrological systems
are represented in terms of a partitioning of water inputs among various
flux and storage components and outflows or outputs of the system.
Partitioning is contingent on the flow system in question and the
synoptic situation (i.e., drier, low-input vs. wetter, high-input
conditions). The general allocation among inputs, flows through or
within the system, storage, and outputs is examined via analysis of 20
scenarios for soil hydrology, a fluvial channel-wetland complex, and a
fluviokarst landscape representing different combinations of positive,
negative, and zero (neutral) relationships among these elements, and
positive self-reinforcing and negative self-limiting effects. Conditions
for stability were determined using the Routh-Hurwitz criteria and
linked to the two fundamental roles or “jobs” of hydrological flow
systems. The ecological job is to support biota and biogeochemical
fluxes and transformations necessary for ecosystem functions. The
geophysical job is to remove excess water. Results show that low-input
scenarios for the soil, fluvial-wetland, and fluviokarst scenarios are
all marked by dynamical instability. During drier periods the
geophysical job is irrelevant and the ecological functions are
suboptimal. Instability allows for rapid state changes when moisture
inputs increase, to system states that support ecosystem functions.
High-input, excess moisture and flood scenarios, by contrast, are
generally dynamically stable. In wetter conditions the ecological
functions are not moisture-stressed, and the geophysical job becomes
paramount.The high-input stability is associated with activation of
“spillway” mechanisms that allow the systems to maintain themselves by
efficient export and augmented storage of excess water. Contingent
partitioning indeed appears to be an adaptational mechanism in
hydrological systems and suggests the possibility of adaptation in other
Earth surface systems with important abiotic components.
Asymptotic expansions and inequalities relating to the gamma function
Authors: Chen Chao-Ping , Mortici Cristinel
Published: October 2022

We present some asymptotic expansions and inequalities for ?(x+1)1/x
?(x+2)1/(x+1) and ?(x+1)1/x.
Impact Risk Management in Impact Investing: How Impact Investing Organizations Adopt Control Mechanisms to Manage Their Impact Risk
Authors: Islam Syrus M.
Published: October 2022

In impact investing, impact risk encompasses the probability that investment projects may fail to achieve the expected positive impact (i.e., positive impact risk) and/or may have a negative impact (i.e., negative impact risk). Using an inductive research approach, this study examines how impact investing organizations adopt control mechanisms to manage impact risk. It finds that impact investors adopt a wide range of input, behavior, and output control mechanisms to manage impact risk that may arise from investee-level, investor-level, and system-level operations. Also, to manage impact risk, investors establish control mechanisms to influence relevant actors not only within a firm’s boundary but also outside its boundary. Given the inherent complexity and ambiguity in managing impact risk in impact investing, control mechanisms appear to rely heavily on judgment and experience and adhere more to the “satisficing” principle. Furthermore, investors tend to focus more on managing positive impact risk than negative impact risk.
Metabolic Cost and Mechanical Efficiency of a Novel Handle-Based Device for Wheelchair Propulsion
Authors: Puchinger Markus , Kurup Nithin , Gstaltner Karin , Pandy Marcus G. , Gföhler Margit
Published: October 2022

Objective: To investigate differences in metabolic cost and gross mechanical efficiency of a novel handlebased wheelchair propulsion device and to compare its performance with conventional push-rim propulsion.Design: Double-group comparative study between 2 different propulsion methods.Participants: Eight paraplegic individuals and 10 non-disabled persons.Methods: Participants performed the same exercise using a push-rim device and the novel handle-based device on a wheelchair- based test rig. The exercise consisted of a combined submaximal and maximal test. Power output, oxygen uptake, ventilation, respiratory exchange ratio and heart rate were recorded continuously during the tests. Analysis of variance was performed to determine the effects of group, mode and on power output.Results: Submaximal exercise resulted in a higher efficiency for the novel device and significant main effects of propulsion mode on all investigated parameters, except heart rate. On the respiratory exchange ratio, a significant interaction effect was found for both mode and group. The maximal exercise resulted in a higher peak power output and lower peak heart rate during propulsion using the handle-based device. A significant main effect on mode for mean peak power output, ventilation and heart rate was also observed.Conclusion: Wheelchair propulsion using the handle-based device resulted in lower physical responses and higher mechanical efficiency, suggesting that this novel design may be well suited for indoor use, thereby offering an attractive alternative to pushrim wheelchairs.
LAY ABSTRACTThe push-rim is the preferred mode of propulsion for more than 90% of all self-propelled wheelchair users, even though it is the least efficient. Furthermore, push-rim propulsion is highly strenuous for the musculoskeletal system and often leads to severe upper limb injuries. Alternative modes of manual wheelchair propulsion are available (e.g. arm-crank propulsion (handbikes) and lever-propulsion) but most of these are bulky, heavy and mostly suitable for outdoor use. The aim of the current study was to investigate differences in metabolic cost and mechanical efficiency for a novel handle-based and ergonomically optimized device and to compare its performance with conventional push-rim propulsion. Eight paraplegic subjects and 10 non-disabled controls performed exercises at different power resistances. The results show that the performance of the handle-based device is below that of the handbike, but that it out-performs lever-propelled and push-rim wheelchairs, suggesting that this novel design is more suited to indoor use and may therefore be an attractive alternative to push-rims for activities of daily living.
Remote laser spot welding of AISI 430 sheets by fiber lasers—A phenomenal effect in refining weld microstructure with nanosecond pulses
Authors: Kumar Aniruddha , Sarkar Nilabja Kanti , Neogy Suman
Published: October 2022

In the present work, we have compared the results of microstructural and mechanical property characterization of AISI 430 ferritic stainless steel spot welds made remotely using a repetitive nanosecond pulsed fiber laser and a CW fiber laser. Optical/electron microscopy, microhardness test, and tensile shear tests were performed for evaluation of the welds. Welds made by the pulsed nanosecond laser were found to be superior due to the presence of the very narrow heat-affected zone along with finer grains in the fusion zone. The welds were also found to withstand more load before fracture and were more ductile. Use of short duration laser pulses with lower heat input were found to be responsible for the refinement of grains in the fusion zone and improvement of mechanical properties of nanosecond laser weld specimens.
Contribution of Early Breastfeeding Initiation to Onset of Lactation in Postpartum Mothers and Breastfeeding in Midwives Independent Practice
Authors: Luh Mertasari  , Made Juliani
Published: October 2022

After the baby is born, the production and release of breast milk do not occur immediately because there is still a transition of hormones in the mother’s body. Early Breastfeeding Initiation (IMD) is crucial in stimulating breast milk production. This study aimed to analyze the contribution of IMD to the onset of lactation. This type of research is pre-experimental with a one-shot case study design. The population in the implementation of this study were all couples of post-partum and breastfeeding mothers and their babies who gave birth and met the inclusion criteria. This study used a sample of 36 people. Collecting data was carried out using the observation and post-test methods. The Spearman rank correlation test analyzed data. The analysis results show a p-value of 0.000 0.05 and a correlation coefficient of 0.601, so H0 is rejected, and H1 is accepted. It shows a strong, significant, and unidirectional contribution between the implementation of IMD and the onset of lactation. The results of this study can then be used as a reference for further breastfeeding guidance strategies both in the third trimester of pregnancy and in the postpartum period.
Implementasi Kebijakan Sistem Zonasi
Authors: Nora Desri
Published: October 2022

This study aims to determine efforts to equalize the quality of education through zoning programs. This research is a literature study that discusses school zoning programs as an effort to equalize education. One of the efforts in equitable distribution of education carried out by the government is the school zoning program. Research using a literature approach, literature study is any effort made by researchers to collect information that is relevant to the topic or problem that will or is being studied. The results of this study show that 1) There are positive and negative impacts on the implementation of the zoning system, 2) Causes of Problems in the Zoning System Policy 3) Solutions to the Problems of the PPDB Zoning System
Efek Mediasi Kepuasan Kerja : Dampak Fasilitas, Work-Life Balance dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai
Authors: Sjahruddin Herman , Buyamin Buyamin , Idris Rabihatun , Saputra Armin
Published: October 2022

This study aims to analyze the factors that affect employee satisfaction and performance. There are several articles that have explored the creation of satisfaction and performance in organizations. This study was conducted at the North Makassar II Samsat Office. Sampling uses total sampling, which draws the entire population of 65 respondents (employees). The research analysis technique uses structural equation modeling (SEM) with the help of partial least squares (PLS). The results of direct hypothesis testing show that work facilities have a significant effect on satisfaction and performance, work-life balance is significant on satisfaction but not significant on performance, for work discipline has no significant effect on satisfaction but has a significant effect on performance. Meanwhile, the indirect hypothesis shows that job satisfaction is significantly positive mediating the effect of work-life balance on performance. Job satisfaction cannot mediate the variables of work facilities and work discipline on employee performance.
Altay Edebiyatından Bir Yazar ve Bir Roman: Erkemen Matinoviç Palkin ve Alan Romanı
Authors: Dilek İbrahim
Published: October 2022

Makalede modern Altay edebiyatının önemli şair ve yazarlarından olan Erkemen Matinoviç Palkin’in Alan adlı romanı tanıtılıp değerlendirilmiştir.
Alan, edebiyat hayatına şiir türünde verdiği eserlerle başlayan ve daha çok şair olarak tanınan Palkin’in tek romanıdır. Romanda II. Dünya Savaşı’nın
bitişiyle birlikte yaşadığı köye/kolhoza geri dönen ve romana da adını veren Alan’ın kendisine yeni bir hayat kurmak için verdiği mücadeleler anlatılır.
Roman, Alan merkezli olmasına rağmen onun yaşadığı Kızıl Çolmon kolhozunun sorunları ve bu kolhozda yaşayanların hikâyeleri de Alan’a bağlı
olarak işlenir. Eser, Sovyet edebiyatının tipik bir örneği olmakla birlikte Palkin’in zaman zaman Altay Türklerinin gelenek göreneklerini, halk edebiyatlarını ve hayata bakış açılarını ön plana çıkarmasıyla benzerlerinden farklılaşır. Yazarın gözlemci ve gerçekçi bir tarzda kaleme aldığı romanın vaka zamanı 1945-1956 olmasına rağmen geriye dönüşlerle savaş zamanına da gidilir. Dolayısıyla SSCB’nin savaşa girdiği tarih esas alınacak olursa vaka zamanı 1941-1956 olarak kabul edilebilir. İki bölümden (Kulun Kişteyt ve Alan) oluşan romanda bu yıllar arasındaki toplum yaşantısı ve toplumu oluşturan belirgin tipler çok yönlü olarak ele alınıp işlenmiştir. Eserini duru ve akıcı bir Altay Türkçesiyle kaleme alan Palkin, zorunlu olmadıkça Rusça kelimeler kullanmaktan kaçınmış, anlatımını daha etkili kılmak içinse Altay folklorundan fazlasıyla faydalanmıştır.
Praktik Pengendalian Internal pada Pengelolaan Keuangan di Lembaga Kemahasiswaan
Authors: Anggara Septiyan Dwi
Published: October 2022

Kasus kecurangan pada pengelolaan keuangan terjadi di lembaga besar bahkan merambah ke organisasi kecil. Fenomena ini menuntut pengendalian internal yang memadai. Namun demikian, diperlukan pemahaman yang lebih dalam upaya meminimalkan kecurangan, demi keberlangsungan organisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap praktik pengendalian internal dalam pengelolaan keuangan pada lembaga kemahasiswaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kasus untuk mengkaji fenomena tersebut. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan mewawancarai 5 (lima) pengurus lembaga kemahasiswaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik pengendalian internal dalam pengelolaan keuangan telah dilaksanakan, namun belum menyeluruh. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi bahan pertimbangan untuk mengembangkan pengendalian internal atas pengelolaan keuangan.
Kerbau Toraja: Harga dan Keberlanjutan
Authors: David Erwin Budiyanto
Published: October 2022

Biaya produksi menjadi hal yang utama dalam penentuan harga. Namun pada komoditas tertentu, hal tersebut tidak berlaku. Pada komoditas benda seni, biaya produksi bukan menjadi penentuan harga. Disisi lain, nilai yang ada pada benda tersebut merupakan faktor utama penentu harga. Masyarakat Toraja mempunyai pandangan unik terhadap kerbau. Mereka percaya bahwa kerbau merupakan hewan yang mempunyai nilai dalam adat, sehingga harga kerbau di Toraja lebih tinggi dibandingkan daerah lainnya. Penentuan harga ini tentu dilihat berdasarkan ciri-ciri yang ada pada kerbau Toraja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana penetapan harga kerbau dalam kaitannya dengan elemen biaya dan unsur sosial budayanya. Riset ini juga bermaksud untuk mengetahui aspek keberlangsungan ekologi dan sosial dari harga kerbau yang sangat mahal. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu dengan cara wawancara langsung kepada narasumber peternak kerbau belang. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan elemen biaya mempunyai peran kecil dalam menentukan harga kerbau belang di Toraja. Harga kerbau yang mahal memiliki dampak keberlanjutan bagi aspek ekologi dan sosial karena peternak kerbau akan terus mengusahakan keberadaan kerbau belang sehingga upacara adat Toraja yang membutuhkan kerbau belang bisa tetap dilaksanakan oleh masyarakat Toraja.
Fifteen risk factors associated with sudden death in Thoroughbred racehorses in North America (2009–2021)
Authors: Bennet Euan D. , Parkin Tim D. H.
Published: October 2022

OBJECTIVE

To identify risk factors associated with race-related sudden death in Thoroughbred racehorses in the US and Canada.

ANIMALS

4,198,073 race starts made by 284,387 Thoroughbred horses at 144 racetracks in the US and Canada between 2009 and 2021.

PROCEDURES

Study data were extracted from the Equine Injury Database, which contains detailed records of 92.2% of all official race starts made in the US and Canada during the study period. Forty-nine potential risk factors were analyzed using univariable and multivariable logistic regression. Cases were defined as race starts that resulted in fatality within 3 days of racing, in which at least 1 of 5 codes relating to sudden death was recorded. Fatalities due to catastrophic musculoskeletal injury were omitted from the study cohort.

RESULTS

536 race starts resulted in sudden death, an incidence rate of 0.13/1,000 starts. Fifteen risk factors were significantly associated with sudden death, including horse age and sex, season and purse of race, race distance, and horses’ recent history of injury and lay-up. Horses racing while on furosemide medication were at 62% increased odds of sudden death.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Associations found between previous injury and sudden death suggests preexisting pathology could contribute in some cases. The association between furosemide and sudden death prompts further study to understand which biological processes could contribute to this result.
The fish community of the ancient Prespa Lake (Southeast Europe): Non-indigenous species take over
Authors: Pietrock Michael , Ritterbusch David , Lewin Wolf-Christian , Shumka Spase , Spirkovski Zoran , Ilik-Boeva Dusica , Brämick Uwe , Peveling Ralf
Published: October 2022

Greater Prespa Lake, located on the Balkan Peninsula, is an ancient freshwater lake inhabited by numerous endemic and endangered species and represents an important part of Europe’s natural heritage. Between 2013 and 2015, standardized gillnet fishing was conducted for the first time ever with the aim of obtaining large-scale information on the status of the fish community in terms of the relative abundance, biomass, and spatial distribution of the species occurring in the lake. Although 15 fish species were caught, the catches were numerically dominated by just five – the native Prespa roach (Leucos basak), Prespa bleak (Alburnus belvica), and Prespa spirlin (Alburnoides prespensis), and the non-indigenous bitterling (Rhodeus amarus) and topmouth gudgeon (Pseudorasbora parva). Overall, the non-indigenous fishes combined outnumbered the native species, while Prespa bleak, Prespa spirlin, Prespa roach, and bitterling accounted for the highest biomass proportions. The fish assemblages of the northeastern and southwestern basins were more similar to each other than to the fish communities at the other sampling sites. The results indicated that non-indigenous fishes have become well established in the lake within just 20 to 40 years of their initial introduction. Altogether, the current data provide a solid basis for the knowledge-based management of the aquatic resources of this precious freshwater body.
Effects of dietary yeast β-1.3/1.6-glucans on oxidative stress biomarkers in hearts and livers of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum), European whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus L.), and grayling (Thymallus thymallus L.)
Authors: Tkachenko Halyna , Grudniewska Joanna , Kurhaluk Natalia
Published: October 2022

The present study was performed to investigate the effects of dietary yeast β-1,3/1,6-D-glucans supplemented over a 14-day feeding period on liver and cardiac function and the oxidative mechanism underlying these effects. We assessed relevant lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation biomarkers, antioxidant defense indices [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), total antioxidant capacity (TAC)], and biochemical alterations [activities of aminotransferases (AT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), and levels of lactate (L) and pyruvate (P)] in rainbow trout, European whitefish, and grayling. The fish received a control diet and an experimental diet containing yeast β-1,3/1,6-D-glucans at a dose of 1% in the basal feed for 14 days. The results demonstrated enhancement in the phagocytic activity and phagocytic index in the groups fed β-glucans, compared to the control groups. In the groups fed β-glucans, the oxidative stress parameters such as lipid peroxidation, oxidatively modified proteins, and TAC did not vary significantly. The dietary β-glucans stimulated CAT and GPx activities in hepatic and cardiac tissues in comparison to the control group; however, a reverse trend was observed in the GR activity in these tissues.
Historical Aspects and Test Characteristics of Eponymously Named Psychometric Tests by Women: The Period up to 1970
Authors: Yale Allison J. , Colaiezzi Angela E. , Tekiner Halil , Yale Steven H.
Published: October 2022

Background: Prior to 1970, women authored or co-authored a variety of eponymously named psychometric tests predominately in children and young adults with developmental and behavioral disorders. Gaps remain in understanding and appreciating the extent of their contributions to these psychometric tests.

Methods: Two authors adjudicated psychometric tests in the text, Tests in Print, to identify those eponymously named after women. To be eligible for this study, the psychometric test title must contain the name of a woman and be published prior to 1970. If a woman published more than one eponymously named test, the earliest one, if available, was chosen to be included in this study. A search for individual and a combination of related Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) keywords of the “name of the women author” and “name of the test” was performed using the Google web browser, PubMed, APA PsycNet, and APA PsycInfo from inception to August 1, 2021. Further papers were identified using bibliographic search from source papers and reference books.

Results: Three hundred eighty-six eponymously named psychometric tests were identified, with 124 (32%) of them named in whole or in part by or for a woman. Of these 124 psychometric tests, 93 represent unique women’s names. Before 1970, there were twenty-three (19%) eponymously named psychometric tests with women, with twenty-one (17%) representing unique women’s names.

Conclusion: These tests were published by women whereby they served either as a single author or in collaboration with others or their spouse. In the latter case, the woman’s name universally appeared after their husband’s name. In only a few cases, are these women’s names well-referenced in biographical source materials. These women made essential contributions to the development and revision of psychometric tests and the field of psychology in general.
The Gift of Counsel, Infused Prudence, and the Natural Law
Authors: O’Reilly O.P. Kevin E.
Published: October 2022

This article deals with the Gifts of the Holy Spirit, with infused prudence, and with the natural law. Prudence has an intimate connection both with the natural law and with the Gift of Counsel, and is thus pivotal to the argument made. In brief, it is argued that the Gift of Counsel perfects reason’s grasp of the demands of the natural law. This Gift, which proportions the believer to the instinctus of the Holy Spirit, guides him in all that pertains the attainment of ultimate beatitude. It does so, moreover, by actually enhancing human freedom rather than by undermining it. In order to make this argument, this article, in the first instance, turns to a treatment of the content of natural reasoning, dealing in particular with the primary and secondary precepts of the natural law.
Why does environmental uncertainty have a moderating effect on marketing performance? A comparative analysis of Indonesian and Thai service industries
Authors: Nuryakin  , Fatmawati Indah , Siriyota Kumpanat
Published: October 2022

This study examined CRM’s effect on marketing performance and customer focus strategies. It also investigates the moderating role of environmental uncertainty in the relationship between CRM and customer focus on marketing performance. A quantitative research approach was used with a sample of the service industry in two countries, Indonesia and Thailand. The analysis unit was the manager responsible for customer relations. The number of examined surveys amounted to 406, with a distribution of 200 respondents from Thailand and 206 — from Indonesia. The purposive sampling approach was used. The study results indicated that CRM had a positive effect on marketing performance and customer focus. The latter positively affected marketing performance. The study also found that environmental uncertainty strengthened the relationship between CRM and the customer focus on marketing.
Assessment of the diagnostic performance of the 1 mg dexamethasone suppression test in class 3 obese patients
Authors: Baldane Suleyman , Celik M , Kebapcilar Levent , Ipekci Suleyman Hilmi , Abusoglu Sedat , Yilmaz Huseyin , Alptekin Husnu
Published: October 2022

Objective. This study was aimed to evaluate the prevalence of Cushing’s syndrome and the diagnostic performance of the 1 mg dexamethasone suppression test in class 3 obese patients.

Methods. Anthropometric measurements and other laboratory data, including 1 mg dexamethasone suppression test of 753 class 3 obese patients, who applied to the Endocrinology and Metabolism Outpatient Clinic for the pre-bariatric surgery evaluation between 2011 and 2020, were evaluated retrospectively.

Results. An abnormal response to the 1 mg dexamethasone suppression test (cortisol ≥1.8 mcg/dl) was observed in 24 patients and the presence of Cushing’s syndrome was confirmed by additional tests in 6 patients. The prevalence of abnormal dexamethasone suppression test was 3.18% and the prevalence of Cushing’s syndrome 0.79%. The specificity value was determined as 97.5% for 1 mg dexamethasone suppression test with cortisol threshold value ≥1.8 mcg/dl.

Conclusions. The prevalence of Cushing’s syndrome was found to be low in class 3 obese patients and 1 mg of dexamethasone suppression test had a very sufficient performance for Cushing’s syndrome screening in this patient group.
Green Economic Development as the Framework for Green Finance and Green Investment
Authors: Vargas-Hernández José G. , Rakowska Joanna , Vargas-González Omar C.
Published: October 2022

Subject and purpose of work: This study aims to analyse the main elements of the green economic development as a framework for green finance and green investment. The analysis spurs from the underlying notion that green economics is inherently a normative framework and a school of thought development of the neo-classical economic thinking with conceptual assumptions, deficiencies, and contradictions, beginning to set out the roots, aims and philosophical principles.

Materials and methods: The methods used are the analytical and descriptive ones based on the critical literature review and an experiential reflective attitude on the key issues concerning the variables of green economic development, green finance, and green investment.

Conclusions: It is concluded that the implementation of green economy activities have many obstacles to face. The inadequate funding and the institutional support in collaborations and coordination practices are the most crucial.
Herding Behavior: Intensification and Flow in the Indonesian Stock Market
Authors: Hidayati Lina Nur , Alteza Muniya , Winarno Winarno
Published: October 2022

Subject and purpose of work: This paper explores whether herding behavior is formed according to the type of investor, how long the transmission of herding behavior occurs, and identifies how big the reaction of herding behavior is and how the flow of herding behavior connects between investors.

Materials and methods: The population in this study are companies whose shares are listed in the LQ45 index list for the period January 2015 to December 2017 on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. To find out further about herding behavior, a VAR test will be conducted in this study.

Results: The results of herding behavior analysis, based on the type of investor on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, show that there is herding behavior in each type of similar investor. Moreover, there is a certain period for the spread of herding behavior by type of shareholder.

Conclusions: The most influential variables on the four types of successive investors are domestic institutional investors, individual foreigners, domestic individuals, and foreign institutions. The four types of investors respond differently to herding behavior.
High DNAJA4 expression correlates with poor survival outcomes in breast cancer
Authors: Acun Tolga , Incekara Oya
Published: October 2022

Background: DNAJA4 (PRO1472) is a heat shock protein that has been associated with several types of cancers, including breast cancer. We aimed to reveal the protein expression, clinical outcomes, and regulatory mechanisms of DNAJA4 gene in breast cancer by employing tissue microarrays, transcriptomic datasets, and in-silico tools.

Methods: DNAJA4 protein expression and its clinical implications were evaluated by immunohistochemistry assay (normals = 32; tumors = 121). RNA-seq and DNA microarray datasets were analyzed by using breast cancer gene-expression miner (Bc-GenExMiner v4.8) to estimate the survival probabilities of breast cancer patients. DNAJA4 promoter methylation level was analyzed in clinical samples by UALCAN in-silico tool (normals = 97; tumors = 793).

Results: DNAJA4 protein expression is significantly high in clinical breast cancer samples compared to the normal samples (P = 0.016). High DNAJA4 mRNA expression is correlated with poor overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) in breast cancer patients (P < 0.05). Mutations or copy number variations of DNAJA4 are uncommon in clinical samples. Reduced promoter methylation was observed in clinical breast cancer samples.

Conclusion: We suggest DNAJA4 expression as a new biomarker candidate for breast cancer. Promoter hypomethylation could be an important epigenetic factor in the upregulation of DNAJA4 expression in breast cancer.
Plants for oral biofilms eradication: literature review
Authors: PRATIWI Amatul Firdaustia , PRAMESTI Hening Tjaturina , KUSWANDANI Faisal
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT Oral Biofilm is a collection of microbial cell colonies related to periodontal diseases and caries. Biofilmbacteria were more resistant to antimicrobial agents than in the planktonic phase. The rapid progression of bacterialresistance to antimicrobial agents such as chlorhexidine has encouraged researchers to find alternative antimicrobialagents from natural plant products with low side effects. The purpose of this review was to summarize plants thatcontain bioactive compounds for biofilm eradication in terms of preventing caries and periodontal diseases. Themethod was used Systematic Review without Metha Analysis. Articles to be reviewed were searched from Pubmed,Cochrane, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases using the PRISMA method and hand searching. The lastselected articles were analyzed using narrative analysis. There are 1,610 articles specified in the first stage and only18 articles left in the final extraction stage. Plants that contain bioactive compounds for oral biofilm eradicationinclude Piper betle (betel), Psidium sp., Mangifera sp., Mentha sp., Caesalpinia sappan (secang), Baccharis dracunculifolia,Laurus nobilis L. (dafnah), Croton nepetaefolius, Salvadora persica (miswak), Dryopteris crassirhizoma, Diospyros kakiThunb. (persimmon), Ginkgo biloba, Azadirachta indica (neem), Camellia sinensis, Lippia alba, Cymbopogon citratus(lemongrass), Citrus aurantifolius, Tamarindus indica (sour), Syzygium cumini (jamblang), Emblica officinalis (malacca),Acacia Arabica (prickly acacia), Terminalia chebula (myrobalan), Terminalia bellerica (bahera), Carica papaya, Ocimumbasilicum L. (basil), and Myrmercodia pendans. These plant bioactive compounds are belong to the group of alkaloids,terpenoids, and polyphenols which were tested in the form of single compounds or mixtures, especially againstStreptococcus mutans. In conclusion, 26 plant species have reported containing bioactive compounds tested in theform of single or mixed extracts to eradicate oral bacterial biofilm. KEYWORDS: Plants, eradication, natural products, oral biofilm
Stability of protraction Facemask/Rapid Maxillary Expansion in skeletal class III malocclusion with maxillary deficiency: Rapid Review
Authors: Rigel PUTRI Citra Elitasari , LAVIANA Avi , GAYATRI Gita
Published: October 2022

this study aimed to evaluate the stability of PFM/RME outcomes in class III skeletal malocclusionwith maxillary deficiency performed during childhood. Electronic database search conducted from 2011-2020 withcriteria RCT, clinical trials, and cohort studies with a treatment group of class III skeletal malocclusion withmaxillary deficiency patients, using PFM/RME and a minimum of 2 years follow-up. The PFM/RME device hasbeen commonly used for maxillary protraction in cases of maxillary growth deficiency and is used duringchildhood. The stability of the PFM/RME protocol results aims to maintain the best possible treatment results.There were 439 articles from the preliminary search. Six articles were included in this study, two articles were RCTtypes, and the other four were CCT types. Clinical evaluation and cephalometric are used to evaluate skeletal anddentoalveolar changes. 68%-90% of participants maintained overjet until the follow-up period ended. PFM/RMEprotocol reduced the need for orthognathic surgery by 3,5 times compared with a control group with notreatment.PFM/RME treatment can effectively show in the short term from skeletal dan dentoalveolar changes.There were relapses during the long-term follow-up period. Further evaluation and research are needed regardingthe long-term stability of PFM/RME outcomes. KEYWORDS: Class III malocclusion, Growth modification, Maxillary deficiency Protraction facemask (PFM), Rapidmaxillary expansion (RME)
Validity comparison of CAT (caries risk assessment tool) and CAMBRA (caries management by risk assessment) on children: a rapid review
Authors: Putri LESMANA Raisya Aurellia , SUWARGIANI Anne Agustina , GARTIKA Meirina
Published: October 2022

Caries Risk Assessment (CRA) focuses on caries prevention than restorative approaches. CariesManagement by Risk Assessment (CAMBRA) and Caries Risk Assessment Tool (CAT) are examples of manualcharting CRA methods that were made to make it easier for clinicians and non-clinicians. This study aims tocompare the validity of CAMBRA and CAT as CRA for children. This study is a rapid review and uses articles asresearch samples. Systematic searching was carried out using the PRISMA diagram. This study uses PubMed andScience Direct databases. This study includes randomized controlled, cohort, and methodological studies reportingthe validity of CAT and CAMBRA methods on children published from 2011-2021. Searching strategy for this studyis (children) AND (dental caries) AND (risk assessment) AND ((CAT) OR (CAMBRA) OR (AAPD)) AND (validity).Articles that meet the inclusion criteria will be extracted and discussed. One hundred three articles were identified,and only five articles met the inclusion criteria. Modified CAT by adding the patient's Streptococcus mutansexamination without asking the patient's social-economic status has the highest validity value. The method with thelowest validity value in this study is the unmodified CAT method. Both CAMBRA and CAT validity are stilllimited. The evidence is still low. CAT has high sensitivity score but a low specificity value, while the CAMBRAmethod has a different validity value for each reported article.KEYWORDS: Caries risk assessment, children, Caries Management by Risk Assessment (CAMBRA), Caries RiskAssessment Tool (CAT), validity
SOCIO-ECONOMIC STRUCTURE CONSOLIDATION OF RURAL AREAS
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, OPREA Iulia Alexandra , (MARIN) ILIE ; Nicoleta ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, TURCEA Vlad Constantin ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania
Published: October 2022

Rural Romania and the agricultural sector development had recorded notable progress as direct results of previous rural development programs’ implementation, programs financed from both Europeans and national sources. Challenges are still to be tackled in the following financing periods as increased numbers of small scale farms, low level of technological upscale in the agricultural sector, rural degradation, farmers and rural population aging, undersupply of qualified workforce, environmental aspects that threat productivity, insufficient infrastructural development, low access at essential services and reduced number of value added products. In this specific context, in order to reach the highest economic and social rural potential and in particularly, the rural agro-food sector, it is essential that up-until-now efforts to be continued and improved. Have the key priorities been fulfilled for the National Rural Development Programme 2014- 2020? Have the key performance indicators been successfully implemented? What are the priorities with the largest-lowest accomplishment rate? These aspects do represent the scope of the article and additionally, there will be highlighted the necessary actions in order to consolidate the socio-economic structure of the rural areas.
Boendeperspektiv på samhällsbygget Gårdsten
Authors: Roelofs Kim
Published: October 2022

Denna rapport presenterar en studie över hur boende själva upplevt ett så kallat utsatt bostadsområdes omvandling till en mer stabil och ordinär boendemiljö. Inte sällan saknas just de boendes egna erfarenheter och upplevelser av boendeförnyelse och områdesutveckling. Studien har genomförts mellan 2020 och 2022 och fokuserar på Gårdstensbostäders hyresgäster. Den belyser hyresgästernas perspektiv på Gårdstensbostäders arbete och på förändringarna som har ägt rum i området de senaste decennierna. Den lyfter också fram flera utmaningar inför framtiden, som exempelvis behovet av fler mötesplatser och oro kring kriminalitet i området kopplad till "polisens lista".
Medierande verktyg som stöttning av studenters skrivande i högre utbildning
Authors: Bjernhager Lisa , Sjöberg Ulrika
Published: October 2022

Utifrån ett sociokulturellt perspektiv på lärande och teorier om medierande verktyg och utvecklingszoner (Säljö, 2000, 2005; Vygotsky, 1978), är syftet med artikeln att bidra med kunskap inom forskningsfältet ämnesintegrerat skrivande. Utgångspunkten är att studenters skrivande är socialt situerat (Lillis, 2001) och att undervisning om akademisk litteracitet måste ske i de sammanhang där ämneskunskapen kommuniceras (Wingate, 2015). Pedagogiska aktiviteter som diskuteras utgår huvudsakligen från projektet Hållbar pedagogisk grund för studenters läs- och skrivfärdigheter. Denna aktionsbaserade forskning, som genomfördes i kollaborativt samarbete mellan kritiska vänner och ämneslärare, resulterade i förändrade medierande verktyg i form av tre olika stöttningsformer, strukturella, praktiska och konceptuella. Studien visar på behovet av att utveckla medierande verktyg som inledningsvis synliggör studenternas befintliga syn på och grundläggande kunskaper om akademiskt skrivande för att därefter introducera stöttor med fokus på att utveckla det ämnesintegrerade skrivandet. Noga överväganden krävs angående vilka stöttningsformer som ska användas samt hur och när de ska appliceras under en kurs eller utifrån ett progressionsperspektiv i ett utbildningsprogram.
ЭКОЛОГИЯ ПИТАНИЯ СИВУЧА С РЕПРОДУКТИВНОГО ЛЕЖБИЩА НА МЫСЕ КОЗЛОВА (ВОСТОЧНАЯ КАМЧАТКА)
Authors: Усатов И.А. , Бурканов В.Н. , Токранов А.М.
Published: October 2022

We studied the Steller's sea lion Eumetopias jubatus feeding ecology based on undigested food items found in feces at the Kozlova Cape rookery, Eastern coast of Kamchatka Peninsula, in summers (2004 through 2008). Atka mackerel Pleurogrammus monopterygius and walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma were dominant in a sea lion diet hauled out at Kozlova Cape rookery in terms of frequency of occurrence. Less frequently occurred were Pacific sand lance Ammodytes hexapterus, Threespine stickleback Gasterosteus aculaeatus, Smelt Osmerus mordax, Sculpins Cottidae, Pacific sandfish Trichodon trichodon, Flatfishes Pleuronectidae, Salmon Oncorhynchus sp., Pacific cod Gadus macrocephalus, and Squid and Octopus Cephalopoda. The contribution of the other food items was not significant. Diet diversity median during sea lion single foraging trip was two prey items, range being one to nine Atka mackerel and Walleye pollock as the major prey objects. Most of sea lion food items were referred to species featuring a marked seasonal presence near the shore or on the shelf. Sea lions feed near the rookery close to the shore on seasonal food aggregations common to the area. Seasonal prey aggregations can be extremely important for breeding animals due to increasing the efficiency of food search and capture, which in turn can affect the reproductive success of animals and their survival. In this regard, the stability of the food resource near Kozlova Cape Rookery may influence sea lion population status there.
Medication adherence among asthmatic adolescents in the Medina region, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Algrafi Abeer , Almalki Alhanouf , Alburkani Mawaddah , Aljohani Raghad , Alharbi Rahaf , Alraddadi Rawan , Alharbi Shatha , Alwafi Wafaa
Published: October 2022

Background: In most recent studies in Saudi Arabia, the percentage of uncontrolled asthma was higher than the worldwide population, especially among the younger age group. Despite the effectiveness of medications, poor adherence in adolescents is a major barrier that prevents them from achieving good asthma control. The objective of this study was to guide adolescents toward better asthma control. We explored barriers affecting medication adherence among adolescents with asthma in the Medina region.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in the Medina region. Data were collected from online surveys, intermediate and secondary schools, and primary healthcare centers from 221 adolescents between 12 and 18 years old who answered online self-reported questionnaires that included the modified Medication Adherence Rating Scale and the Asthma Control Test (ACT).
Result: Our results showed that 63.8% of the study population were non-adherent to asthma medications. Overall, 44.8% had impaired asthma control. Furthermore, poor adherence was significantly associated with uncontrolled asthma scores. Almost two-thirds of participants with uncontrolled asthma based on ACT scores were non-adherent (46 out of 59 patients with uncontrolled asthma). The most important factors contributing to poor adherence include 62% of adolescents forgetting to take their medication and 59% stopping their medication after feeling better. Moreover, there was no statistically significant association between the sociodemographic factors and medication adherence or asthma control score.
Conclusion: This study showed a high prevalence of non-adherence to asthma medications among adolescents in the Medina region, significantly affecting their asthma control. The most commonly reported reasons for non-adherence could be adjusted by increasing the adolescents' awareness during a consultation with their healthcare providers.
Knowledge gap assessment of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency among diagnosed patients in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Alnami Muneera , Kassem Asma , Al-Makhaitah Noura , Alhashim Latifah , Alkhofi Asma , Almutiri Rahaf , Alsalman Mortadah
Published: October 2022

Background: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common enzymopathy where patients remain asymptomatic unless exposed to triggering factors. This study aims to assess knowledge levels and awareness among patients with G6PD deficiency.
Methods: A cross-sectional research was performed in Saudi Arabia among individuals affected with G6PD deficiency. The survey includes participants' demographics, clinical data including comorbidities, hospitalization frequency, blood transfusion, and awareness regarding G6PD deficiency.
Results: A total of 199 participants completed the study questionnaire. Out of 199 participants, 107 (53.8%) were diagnosed with G6PD at 20 years or above. Of the total number, 94 (47.2%) participants knew that patients with G6PD have no symptoms unless exposed to triggering factors. However, around half (45.2%) of the participants are not used to informing healthcare providers about G6PD deficiency during routine clinical visits or medical interventions. Additionally, only 14 (7%) participants knew that applying henna could trigger hemolysis. Generally, only 38 (19.1%) participants had good knowledge. However, the knowledge level was better among participants above the age of 50, those with chronic illness, and those with previous hospitalization or blood transfusion because of G6PD.
Conclusion: Patients' knowledge regarding G6PD was poor in our study. Public health measures, including large-scale health education programs, are highly needed to improve awareness regarding the condition. Furthermore, a neonatal screening program is crucial for early detection, prevention of crisis, and cost-effectiveness.