bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acute and sub acute toxicity of Amirdha Gandhi Kukkil Vallathy an effective Siddha herbo mineral formulation used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in wistar albino rat model
Authors: Lawrence Juliet , Jabaris S Sugin Lal , Bhogireddy Ramadevi , Kadarkarai Kanakavalli , Natarajan Kabilan , Jhonson Christian Gnanaraj , Rathinam Ganesan , Sandhirappan Sivakkumar
Published: June 2023

Objectives

Amirdha Gandhi Kukkil Vallathy (AGKV) is a herbo mineral Siddha formulation which has Sulphur, Kukkil, Seendhil and Serankottai as major ingredients and it is indicated for 80 types of Vatham diseases. Uthiravatha suronitham is one among the vatham diseases and it’s clinical symptoms are correlated with Rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Since AGKV is a promising drug for RA, the safety of this drug has been validated by performing the acute and 28 days repeated oral dose toxicity study following the OECD guidelines 423 and 407.

Methods

The acute toxicity study has been performed by administering orally with a single dose of 300 and 2000 mg/kg body weight in rat models and the animals were observed for 14 consecutive days. Gross pathology was observed and animals were sacrificed at the end of the study. In 28 days repeated oral toxicity study, limit test has been carried out with a dose of 1,000 mg/kg body weight.

Results

No significant abnormality has been observed in the body weight, organ weight, biochemical parameters and histopathology studies. It has been revealed that this drug is safe upto 2000 mg/kg body weight in single dose study and 1,000 mg is a safer dose in the 28 days repeated oral toxicity study.

Conclusions

The results of acute and 28 days repeated oral toxicity studies revealed no adverse effects in animals and hence this drug AGKV is safe and can be administered in human.
The levels of cartonectin and procalcitonin in patients with chronic periodontitis and hypertension
Authors: Şahin Ata Özlem , Canakci Cenk Fatih , Özkan Karasu Yerda
Published: June 2023

Objectives

This study aimed to examine the effects of chronic periodontitis and essential hypertension on serum and salivary cartonectin (CTRP3) and procalcitonin (ProCT) levels.

Methods

Sixty non-smokers were seperated into four groups as; 15 people with essential hypertension (EH) and chronic periodontitis (CP) (HT+ CP+), 15 with EH (HT+ CP−), 15 with CP (HT− CP+), 15 control (HT− CP−). PPD, CAL, PI and GI were measured. All groups had their serum and saliva samples collected. Serum and saliva procalcitonin (ProCT) were measured using an electroluminescence method, and cartonectin (CTRP3) levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results

When compared to the control group, serum and saliva cartonectin (CTRP3) levels were considerably lower in all groups (respectively p<0.0001, p<0.0001). The serum cartonectin (CTRP3) levels were substantially higher in the HT− CP+ group than in the HT+ CP− group (p=0.002). Serum procalcitonin (ProCT) concentrations were found to be lowest in the HT− CP− group and highest in the HT+ CP+ group. Serum ProCT concentrations did not vary significantly across groups (p=0.110). Salivary procalcitonin (ProCT) levels were below the detection limit in all groups.

Conclusions

When periodontitis coexist with hypertension in individuals, they may have adversely affect each other due to the same sathways in the pathogenesis of these two disorders. So we can suggest that, serum and saliva cartonectin (CTRP3) may play a role during hypertension and periodontal inflammation and represent a novel future therapeutic target.
Determination of reference intervals of hemogram with advanced clinical parameters by indirect method on Sysmex XN-1000
Authors: Bildirici Mehmet Akif , Gülten Sedat , Çalışgan Neslihan Cihan
Published: June 2023

Objectives

The reference interval is the primary tool used to interpret laboratory test results. Each laboratory should determine reference intervals (RIs) that reflect their population. In this study, it was aimed to determine the RIs of hemogram routine and advanced clinical test parameters for our hospital and region by indirect method and to compare these calculated RIs with the limits recommended by the current manufacturer and the literature.

Methods

The hemogram results of patients aged 18–65 years who applied to Kastamonu Training and Research Hospital between July 2020 and June 2022, were included in the study. Hemogram analyzes were performed on Sysmex XN-1000 (Kobe, Japan) hematology auto analyzers. The RIs were determined by indirect method from the obtained data using the non-parametric percentage estimation method. Harris-Boyd method was used to decide on subgroup separation based on gender.

Results

All parameters had non-parametric distribution. RBC, HGB, HCT, MCH, MCHC, PLT, RDW-CV, RDW-SD, PCT, monocytes count, eosinophils count, monocytes % and macroR parameters which required gender-spesific RIs were determined separately for genders.

Conclusions

When the results are evaluated, it shows that the manufacturer’s recommendations together with the studies in the literature do not fully reflect the RIs of our population. Therefore, it is very important for each laboratory to determine its own RIs due to the differences in population, diet, technical equipment used and reference group. In addition, we think that our study will make a significant contribution to the literature, since there is insufficient data in the literature on RIs for advanced clinical parameters.
Investigation of SARS-CoV-2 in vaginal secretions of women with coronavirus disease 2019
Authors: Türkyilmaz Esengül , Özsoy Metin , Tanriverdi Merve Didem Eşkin , Dinç Bedia , Aydogan Sibel , Moraloğlu Tekin Özlem
Published: June 2023

Objectives

The present study investigates the presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the vaginal swabs of female patients diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) based on a positive real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test on a combined throat and nasopharyngeal swab.

Methods

This study included 48 female patients hospitalized in two tertiary hospitals diagnosed with COVID-19 based on a positive RT-PCR test of the combined throat and nasopharyngeal swab samples, along with clinical and radiological findings. The IBM SPSS software package was used for the statistical analysis of the study data.

Results

SARS-CoV-2 positivity was detected in only one patient (2.08 %) in the present study from RT-PCR tests of vaginal swab samples. This patient was a 64-year-old, postmenopausal woman who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in a RT-PCR test of a vaginal swab sample six days after having tested positive in an RT-PCR test of a combined throat and nasopharyngeal swab. The patient’s partner also tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in an RT-PCR of a combined throat and nasopharyngeal swab.

Conclusions

The present study is the first to report the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in vaginal secretions in Türkiye. The authors believe there is a need for studies investigating the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the semen samples of the male partners of female patients to establish whether the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in vaginal secretions can play a role in the transmission of the virus.
Blood in Stone and the Second Coming: On the Meaning of the Wenceslas Chapel in St. Vitus's Cathedral in Prague and the Karlstein Chapels
Authors: Uličný Petr
Published: June 2023

The essay attempts a new interpretation of the symbolic meaning of the chapel of St. Wenceslas in St. Vitus's Cathedral in Prague and the chapel of the Passion and Its Instruments, now St. Catherine's chapel, and the chapel of the Holy Cross, both at Karlstein Castle. They all feature a semiprecious stone dado, which was associated with the Passion of Christ due to its predominant red colour, while the upper part reflected the idea of the Heavenly Jerusalem and Christ's Second Coming. The chapels were either built to house the Passion relics or were probably planned for their storage, which in the case of the Wenceslas chapel perhaps influenced its unusual form, likely referring to Golgotha, the site of Christ's Passion.
Volumetric Dilatometer Study of Thermoreversible Aging Properties in Crumb Rubber–Modified Asphalt Binders
Authors: Liu Meifang , Xie Qingshan , Ding Haibo , Rahman Ali , Feng Xiongkai , Qiu Yanjun
Published: June 2023

The primary objective of this paper is to investigate the thermoreversible aging mechanism of crumb rubber–modified asphalt binders (CRMAs). In order to achieve this goal, an extended bending beam rheometer (Ex-BBR) test and volumetric dilatometer test were conducted. Additionally, isothermal crystallization kinetics (Avrami theory) and thermal stress calculation using the Hopkins and Hamming algorithm were employed to process the test data. The low-temperature properties of the asphalt specimens were characterized through calculations of creep stiffness (S), creep rate (m-value), grade loss (GL), thermal stress, and Avrami index (n). The experimental results indicate that thermoreversible aging is present in all asphalt samples during the long-term isothermal hardening process. This aging is characterized by continuous macroscopic volume shrinkage, accumulation of thermal stress, a crystallization process, and a process akin to crystallization (i.e., crumb rubber adsorbed oil at low temperatures). It was observed that CRMAs exhibit more severe thermoreversible aging and faster physical hardening rates due to their unique properties at a constant low temperature when compared with base asphalts. However, it was also observed that CRMAs can reduce the thermal stress by reducing the volumetric shrinkage coefficients and S. It is important to note that the volumetric shrinkage coefficients are not constant, which are related to the base asphalts, crumb rubber, and conditioning time. Therefore, it is not appropriate to use a single empirical constant to calculate thermal stress. Instead, multiple coefficients may need to be incorporated to account for the variability in shrinkage behavior.
Guided Inquiry Learning Model Using Scientific Argumentation Activities to Improve Concept Understanding on Optical and Light
Authors: Rahayu R. , Siswanto S. , Ramadhanti C. A. , Subali B.
Published: June 2023

Problem-solving ability, as one of the most important skills in the 21st century, must be improved to face the various challenges that exist. This is because solving problems requires mastery of the concepts underlying them. One learning model that can improve conceptual understanding is guided inquiry using scientific argumentation activities. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the guided inquiry learning model using scientific argumentation activities to improve junior high school students' conceptual understanding. This quasi-experimental study used a non-equivalent control group design. The results of data analysis using the Wilcoxon test showed that there were significant differences in the pretest and posttest of each class before and after treatment. The results of the Mann-Whitney test at the pretest showed that there was no significant difference, while the posttest showed that there were significant differences between the control class and the experimental class. The results of the N-Gain test in the experimental class in the high category indicate that the use of guided inquiry with scientific argumentation activities could increase students' conceptual understanding more than in the control class in the medium category. The result of the effect size test showed that the use of guided inquiry with scientific argumentation activities has a moderate effect on students' understanding of concepts.
Drug Overdose Deaths Involving Xylazine, United States, 2018–2021
Authors: Spencer Merianne , Cisewski Jodi , Warner Margaret , Garnett Matthew
Published: June 2023

This study presents trends in drug overdose death rates involving xylazine from 2018 through 2021, overall and by sex. Rates of drug overdose deaths involving xylazine are also presented by age group and race and Hispanic origin from 2020 to 2021, and by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services public health regions in 2021. Co-involvement for the most frequent drugs involved with xylazine is also reported.
Partnership to promote school governance and academic experience: Integration of remote learning in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in the uMkhanyakude district
Authors: Ntuli B.A. , Mncube D.W. , Mkhasibe G.M.
Published: June 2023

Despite high hopes that schools are institutions of integrity and are properly governed, very few have demonstrated this with distinction. With this article we argue that good governance depends on the partnership between schools and parents in times of emergency. The theoretical framework from Epstein’s theory of overlapping spheres of influence was used to alarm stakeholders to guard against overlapping one’s roles during an emergency. In the study reported on here we used a qualitative research method, which allows data to be collected using semi-structured interviews and focus-group discussions as research instruments. The data were collected from stakeholders of school governing bodies (SGBs) and school management teams (SMTs) through WhatsApp and Zoom meetings. Thematic analysis was used to analyse qualitative data. The research findings reveal, among other problems, that most parents are digital immigrants who refuse to participate in virtual platforms for fear of endorsing remote learning, and that poor teaching and learning is due to a lack of access to digital technology, data, and poor connectivity. We recommend that parents should support remote learning for learners to achieve quality education beyond the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic.
Mainstream teachers’ lived experiences of adolescents with behavioural difficulties: An exploratory study
Authors: Masedi Puleng A. , Pila-Nemutandani Refilwe G. , Kolobe Patricia S. , Tsabedze Wandile F.
Published: June 2023

Globally, mainstream teachers have been experiencing intense challenges of behavioural difficulties by learners in schools. For decades, scholars have intensified the relational impact of behaviour with regard to academic progression. However, there is limited knowledge on the experiences and coping strategies of teachers regarding these challenges. Using an exploratory research approach in the study reported on here, we focused on the lived experiences (psychological well-being and coping strategies) of teachers of adolescents with behavioural difficulties. A phenomenological research design and qualitative approach to enquiry were used to conduct the study. Purposive and stratified sampling techniques were used to select 8 participants (3 female and 5 male teachers) for the study. Qualitative data were analysed thematically, and 2 major themes emerged: poor psychological well-being and inadequate coping strategies of teachers. Depressive symptoms reported by participants included the following: anhedonia, burnout, reduced job performance, and demotivation. These challenges primarily lead to negative mood regulation and maladaptive coping, such as displacement – a defence mechanism. Behavioural difficulties experienced by adolescents have a profound impact of intense stress and negative emotions, leading to poor psychological well-being of teachers. Thus, there is a need for the Department of Education to create structures, guidelines and support systems for schools on behavioural difficulties for the well-being of teachers.
Your feedback procedure, my inspiration: Enhancing student achievement through assessment
Authors: Kloppers Magda , Potgieter Erika
Published: June 2023

Lecturers often claim that time constraints cause tension regarding feedback on students’ assessment opportunities. Assessment strategies for effective feedback procedures can lead to early identification of problem areas in student performance. Numerous students at higher education institutions (HEIs) do not complete their qualifications or take up to 6 years to complete a 3-year qualification. Situations like these may be avoided if lecturers provide informative feedback fostering self-directed learning, overall enhancing student achievement. In the quantitative, non-experimental descriptive research study reported on here, a set of questions was used to determine the following: (i) feedback procedures; (ii) feedback inspiration; and (iii) reflection on feedback. The data were collected from undergraduate and postgraduate students at a South African university. The 3 categories above revealed 3 tiers that form part of a metacognitive methodology which indicates that feedback procedures do play a role in student achievement. This study contributes to the body of knowledge on assessment and feedback as well as the implications for feedback on current practices of university lecturers and students’ future learning endeavours.
Perceived effects of background noise on the learning experiences of English first- and second-language female learners
Authors: Goldschagg Paul , Bekker Tanya , Cockcroft Kate
Published: June 2023

Noise, although ubiquitous, is seldom considered as a factor that may impede learning. In South Africa, most learners are multilingual and learn in English, which is their second language. Most noise studies have been conducted in the Global North, where the school context differs from the Global South. In this article, using questions selected from the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, we present a quantitative evaluation of the perceptions of background noise on learning of a purposive sample of 154 Grade 10 to 12 female learners attending 2 all-girls schools, who were either learning through English as their second, or as their first language. The responses of first language and second language learners were compared using Mann-Whitney U tests with Hodges-Lehman estimates. Second language learners reported greater interference and annoyance from noise, compared to their first language peers. This may be due to the additional cognitive demands required when processing complex information in a second language. Given the high proportion of learners who are learning through a language that is not their mother tongue, we highlight the importance of a good acoustic environment to counteract the negative effects of the increased cognitive demand when processing information in a second language. Educators should consider ways to mitigate interference from noise and to improve the saliency of the acoustic signal in their classrooms.
Awareness about the Role Of Physiotherapy in Mountaineering Among Indian Mountaineers
Authors:   KJ Somaiya College Of Physiotherapy, Sion, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Nirmal Dhvani , Ghodge Siddhi ,   KJ Somaiya College Of Physiotherapy, Sion, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Mountaineering refers to the sport of climbing mountains. The skill set and level of fitness required for mountaineering is very different from those required for other activities. It is a sport which involves considerable risk of injuries not only because of the technical demands but also because of the challenges posed by high altitude. Mountaineers are aware about the importance of physical fitness required in mountaineering, they may not be fully aware about the minute aspects such as the intensity and level of training from their base fitness levels. Physiotherapy helps narrow this gap and provides subjective levels of training required for a mountaineer and their fitness Objective: To assess the Awareness about the role of physiotherapy in mountaineering among Indian mountaineers. Methods: 68 Mountaineers between 16-49 years of age who have completed at least one trek above 12,000 ft participated in the study. A validated online questionnaire was circulated among the participants after taking their consent. The data collected was subjected to descriptive analysis. Results: The study revealed that most of the mountaineers have considerable knowledge about the role of physiotherapy in treatment of musculoskeletal injuries. However, there is lack of awareness about the role of physiotherapy in the aspects of cardiopulmonary function, injury prevention and prevention of AMS. Conclusions: This study shows that mountaineers need to be educated about the role of physiotherapy in all aspects of mountaineering and how it can help them perform better. KEYWORDS: Trekking, Rock Climbing, Ice Climbing, High Altitude, Climbing Sports.
Analysis of erosion susceptibility through urban scenarios for an expanding area
Authors: Pascoto Tamara Vieira , Furegatti Simone Andrea , Peixoto Anna Silvia Palcheco
Published: June 2023

Urban scenarios can be used by decision makers on matters related to urban expansion, especially when urban areas have socio-environmental problems, such as those resulting from erosion processes. The aim is the analysis of erosion susceptibility with the construction of urban scenarios using the AHP method to assist decision making on urban expansion. Thus, the AHP (Analytical Hierarchical Process) technique was employed to analyze the data collected and a GIS for the spatialization and building of these scenarios. The methodology was developed based on a real case of a Brazilian city located in the state of São Paulo. To validate the methodology, the current scenario of the studied area was constructed and compared with the actual situation of the place. As a conclusion, the study was validated for the applied area and proved to be a tool capable of assisting local governments regarding decision-making processes for urban expansion.

 

Keywords: Urban Scenarios, AHP, Erosive Processes, Urban expansion, Erosion susceptibility
Potential savings of potable water due to the use of rainwater in a shopping mall in Recife/PE
Authors: Borges Ana Paula de Lima , Silva Simone Rosa da , Moura Micaella Raíssa Falcão de , Vasconcelos Ricardo Oliveira Bandeira de
Published: June 2023

Water is one of the world's most valuable resources and indispensable for human survival. Given this, climate change and population growth generate an increase in demand for water resources, leading to water scarcity. The use of rainwater is a measure that mitigates environmental impacts, contributes to the retention of rainwater and reduces the demand for drinking water.  Therefore, water scarcity stimulates the development of alternatives for water conservation. The objective of this study is to estimate the potential savings of potable water to be replaced by rainwater for non-potable use in a shopping center building in the Northeast of Brazil. The methodology consisted in simulating the volume of the reservoir for storage of collected rainwater.  A study of the rainfall indexes and their periodicity was carried out, evaluating the months with highest and lowest precipitation. Subsequently, the Neptune computer program was used to determine the volume of the reservoir. To this end, a study was carried out with different catchment areas, in order to define the area that offers the best potential for supplying the water demands. The results indicated that the most suitable reservoir volume is 117 m³, with potential savings of 6.02% for drinking water and a complete and partial supply of 52.56% for rainwater demand. It was concluded that the potential for drinking water savings justifies the implementation of a rainwater harvesting system in a project of this size, proving to be technically feasible.
Bibliometric study on Ergonomics and Sustainability
Authors: Garcia Filho Joao Francisco Alfonso , Sugahara Cibele Roberta , Branchi Bruna Angela
Published: June 2023

Reflections on ergonomics in the context of the sustainability of organizations are an important strategy for the improvement of safe working environments. In the literature, the discussion that encompasses the relationship between ergonomics and business sustainability is a topic little explored. The objective of the present research is to map and explore the scientific production in the field of ergonomics and sustainability in the period from 2010 to 2020, in order to show the temporal evolution of research and the existing articulation between the themes.  The research method is exploratory. To carry out the research, the bibliometric technique was chosen. To this end, articles were searched in the SciELO and Scopus databases, and theses and dissertations in the Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (BDTD) of CAPES on the theme of ergonomics and sustainability. The bibliometric research allows to identify limits, contributions and potentialities that highlight the need for the production of research and new knowledge that associate the theme of ergonomics with sustainability. The development of an ergonomics program associated with the principles of sustainability seems to be a way to manage occupational risks with preventive measures in occupational safety and health.
The use of Nature-Based Solutions in the fight against Urban Floods: trends, actors and solutions adopted
Authors: Rodrigues Maria Santiellas Costa , Quaresma Cristiano Capellani , Pereira Rodrigo Kuester , Ribeiro Andreza Portella
Published: June 2023

The growing and accelerated population concentration in urban areas, which was not accompanied by proper planning, resulted in several problems, which are even more profound in developing countries. With the elimination of natural vegetation cover, the waterproofing of the soil and other human actions that did not respect environmental dynamics, it is possible to observe increases in the number of occurrences and in the intensity of phenomena, such as floods and urban floods. Such problems affect especially the population layer in conditions of greater socio- environmental vulnerability, since they often occupy risk areas, such as the river plains. In order to combat this problem, alternative actions are being used to the detriment of conventional actions linked to gray infrastructure. In this sense, Nature-Based Solutions emerge as an alternative way to avoid and reduce the intrinsic impacts of urban floods in cities, as well as being implemented in different ways and in different locations. Therefore, this work sought to identify actions that are being used by several cities in the world with ways to combat urban floods through Nature- Based Solutions. Therefore, a Systematic Literature Review was carried out, with bibliometric analysis, in order to identify processes, actors and trends related to the theme. In this way, it is concluded that, despite the importance given to the subject having grown in the last 6 years, mainly due to the increase in scientific production and the amount of solutions implemented in several countries, such trends are concentrated, to a large extent, in European cities and observed by European actors.
Morphometric analysis and land use-occupation in the Campestre creek watershed in the city of Lins, São Paulo State, Brazil.
Authors: Mercado Leticia Sales , Lima César Gustavo da Rocha , Di Lollo José Augusto
Published: June 2023

The increased demand for natural resources, economic growth and graph growth can influence the reduction of individual land use coverage, which makes water infiltration difficult. The objective was to evaluate, through the morphometric parameters and land-use occupation, the flooding susceptibility in the Campestre creek watershed. An analysis of the morphometric indexes was performed with the help of the tools presented in the SPRING 5.4.3 software. The characteristics of land use and occupation were identified by the of classification by regions, using images from three different periods: 1990, 2005 and 2021. The satellite images used were LANDSAT 5, TM sensor and LANDSAT 8, OLI sensor, and finally, as an auxiliary project to the study, Numerical Terrain Modeling data from the SRTM Project was used, with a spatial resolution of 30 meters. The morphometric results show that the Campestre creek watershed has a circular shape and straight channels, which contributes to the classification of medium-high susceptibility to floods and inundations. There was a 13% increase in built-up areas in regions that were previously water and vegetation, from 4.2 km² to 4.87 km² in 2021. The reduction of permeable areas makes it difficult for water to infiltrate, contributing to the occurrence of floods and inundations.
Landscape changes in the city of Barbacena – Minas Gerais recorded in photographs as a didactic resource for Environmental Education processes: A proposal in the light of Historical-Critical Pedagogy
Authors: Oliveira Vitória Cássia Gabriela de , Nascimento Júnior Antônio Fernandes
Published: June 2023

The present study proposes a critical pedagogical practice in Environmental Education, using as a teaching resource photographic sequences from the city of Barbacena-Minas Gerais, which captured the transformations in its urban environment, with the purpose of awakening in students a critical perception of their reality. local and then think about global issues. For this, the methodological perspectives of Tozoni-Reis (2009) were used about the guidelines in Environmental Education research and the analyzes of the selected photographs were constructed from the method described by Panofsky (1979) contemplating denotative and interpretive elements of the images. Based on analyzes and discussions based on the basic theoretical framework of this study, a proposal was built to be carried out by teachers working in Environmental Education in the light of the path proposed by Saviani (1983) for teaching processes supported by Historical-Critical Pedagogy. It was concluded that the proposed theoretical and practical path opens several possibilities for the generation of critical and sensitive stimuli considering scientific and popular knowledge. In addition, it will enable ties and approximation with the identity of values of the students' community, representing a singularity of community values, memories and singularities, contemplating Emotional and rational skills and building cultural resistances in counterpoint to global reality
Equações de Chuvas Intensas para Auxílio das Obras de Drenagem Urbana no Estado do Pará
Authors: Rêgo Paulinne Maysi Mastop do , Mendes Izabela Mendonça da Silva , Aguiar Marcelo Figueiredo Massulo
Published: June 2023

Os projetos e obras de drenagem urbana precisam de estudos de dados históricos de chuvas, tais como duração, intensidade e frequência. No entanto, para o Estado do Pará, há carência de pesquisas recentes que disponham de equações de chuvas intensas, visto que essas equações são modificadas à medida que novos dados são coletados e consistidos. Logo, o objetivo do presente trabalho é gerar as equações de chuvas intensas para 12 municípios paraenses, sendo um por região de integração do estado. Para isto, foram analisadas as séries históricas de precipitação, disponíveis no Portal HIDROWEB e, com o tratamento dos dados, aplicou-se a distribuição de probabilidades de Gumbel e a desagregação de chuvas (Método das Isozonas). Depois, adotou-se a linearização de Villela (1975), da qual foram retirados os coeficientes das equações de chuvas intensas, que foram validados pelo Coeficiente de Eficiência (COE). Os principais resultados foram: 12 equações de chuvas intensas com boa confiabilidade. Assim, calcularam-se as precipitações críticas para os dispositivos de drenagem e obtiveram-se as maiores precipitações em Paragominas, para dispositivos de drenagem superficial (228,37 mm/h) e de transposição de talvegues (192,80 mm/h), e em Cametá, para dispositivos de drenagem subsuperficial (54,01 mm/h). As menores precipitações calculadas foram em Belém, para obras de drenagem superficial (150,96 mm/h), e em Breves, para dispositivos de drenagem de transposição de talvegues (128,37 mm/h) e subsuperficial (35,11 mm/h). Concluiu-se que, as equações geradas são válidas para auxílio de projetos de sistemas de drenagem, atualizando as equações de chuvas existentes, para cada região de integração.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Equações de chuva. Estado do Pará. Drenagem Urbana.
Reflexão acerca das problemáticas socioambientais da população negra no Vale do Rio Carangola
Authors: Souza Márcia Aparecida de , Cunha Junior Henrique , Silva Meryelle Macedo da , Silva Rafael Ferreira da
Published: June 2023

Este estudo pretendeu refletir sobre as problemáticas socioambientais urbanas nas áreas ocupadas pela  população negra nas cidades de Carangola, Itaperuna e Natividade, que junto com outros municípios integram o vale do Rio Carangola. Nos fundamentamos metodologicamente na pesquisa afrodescendente, instrumentalizada pelo referencial teórico-metodológico dos percursos urbanos. Compreendemos a necessidade de ampliar os horizontes de conhecimento sobre a situação da população negra na sociedade brasileira destacando as especificidades regionais e apresentar motivos para inclusão das populações negras nos planejamentos regionais,  atentando ainda para a necessidade de uma análise socioambiental na região do Vale do Carangola devido os danos decorrentes das catástrofes provocados pelas constantes inundações  e desmoronamento das encostas.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Vale do rio Carangola.  Problemáticas socioambientais. População negra.
Análise da eficiência do sistema de drenagem de Paulistânia-SP
Authors: Garcia Ana Júlia da Silva , Zaparolli Maria Luiza do Nascimento , Barros Ana Maria Taddei Cardoso de
Published: June 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo avaliar a eficiência do sistema de drenagem do município de Paulistânia/SP e propor intervenções sustentáveis e de infraestrutura. O município, localizado no interior de São Paulo, sofre com alguns problemas de escoamento superficial, tornando necessário uma investigação mais detalhada. A drenagem urbana tem grande importância na qualidade de vida e bem estar da população, em paralelo com cuidados com saúde, segurança e meio ambiente. Com intuito de explorar a performance do sistema, foi realizada uma análise por meio de um estudo de caso com abordagem quali-quantitativa, utilizando técnicas de dimensionamento convencionais e sua associação com ferramentas espaciais. Os resultados mostraram que o sistema de drenagem do município não é eficiente em sua totalidade, algumas áreas de contribuição necessitam de intervenção pois o sistema é ineficiente (não suportam toda a vazão necessária) ou inexistente. São apresentadas algumas soluções para aliviar o escoamento superficial por meio da implantação de novas tubulações de descarga com indicação do diâmetro necessário, assim como alternativas sustentáveis como posicionamento de novos dispositivos de captação e aplicação de áreas permeáveis.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Drenagem. Alagamentos. Desempenho.
Infection Risk Self-Perception and the use of Central Squares in Santa Maria City during the Omicron Variant period of dissemination.
Authors: Melo Felipe Mulazzani , Avalone Neto Olavo
Published: June 2023

The present research investigated the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic, during the period of dissemination of the Ômicron strain (12/09/21 to 04/01/22), in relation to the use of public spaces. The object of study was the public squares: Saldanha Marinho, João Pedro Menna Barreto and Praça General Osório, all in the central region of Santa Maria - RS. The research used an online questionnaire, divided into four sections that presented questions about the following items: ways of using the squares, characterization of users, uses and frequency and perceptions regarding the environment. As a result, an overview of public squares use and the perceptions of its users during the researched period of the pandemic is presented. The information collected may help researchers, urban planners, and public managers to understand how the population used plazas and which factors significantly interfered with their routines during the pandemic, thus being able to better prepare for future situations similar to those experienced during the Covid-19 pandemic.
City and nature relationship - resilience through contemporary urban-architectural projects
Authors: Andrade Camila Cesario Pereira de , Castells Alicia Norma González de
Published: June 2023

The aim of this paper is to enunciate convergences between the contemporary city, the urban-architectural projects and their relationship with nature. Starting from the assumption that the city is an integrating portion of the natural environment, as a complex and uninterrupted system of biotic and abiotic changes, influenced mainly by the culture, values, customs and habits of its residents. To propose based on the project the green infrastructure system, as it enables a better quality of life, the reduction of social and economic asymmetries arising from the environmental context of certain social groups may constitute an alternative to mitigate the degradation of the urban landscape, in addition to providing environmental services essential to the cities’ sustainability.
On the origin of garden cemeteries in the West and references in the conformation of the first model in Brazil
Authors: Santos Aline Silva
Published: June 2023

Garden cemeteries are found in many cities in Brazil and are an integral part of the system of urban open spaces and, therefore, fundamental elements in landscape planning, mainly due to their size. This article aims to investigate some of the first garden-cemetery models implemented in the West and the principles that were adopted in the first garden cemeteries built in Brazil. Using a systematic literature review, iconographic analysis, fieldwork and interviews, it was identified that one of the first garden cemeteries implanted in Brazil was the Cemitério da Paz, in São Paulo (SP), dating back to 1965, in which references were found mainly for lawn cemeteries and memorial parks in the USA from the mid-19th and early 20th centuries.
Editorial
Authors: Breeze Ruth , Kuteeva Maria
Published: June 2023

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Айтрекинг как инструмент для исследований восприятия искусства: подход с перспективы удобства использования
Authors:   Университет ИТМО, Арлаков Е.А. , Белимова П.А. ,   Университет ИТМО, Джумагулова А.Ф. ,   Университет ИТМО
Published: June 2023

Статья посвящена обобщению результатов исследований, в которых используется технологии отслеживания направления движения глаз в различных сферах. Были изучены исследования, опубликованные в период с января 2012 года по май 2023 года, и к отдельным статьям были применены конкретные критерии включения и исключения. Статьи были проанализированы на предмет характеристик устройств, в том числе, проведен анализ конфигурации стационарных и носимых айтрекеров, которые были использованы в рассматриваемых исследованиях. Основные результаты данного обзора показывают, что технология захвата взгляда применяется для получения информации, которая может способствовать качественному улучшению взаимодействия человека с произведениями визуального искусства, интерфейсами и окружающей средой. В результате проведенного эмпирического исследования были обнаружены определенные закономерности в проектировании интерфейса программ для проведения исследований с использованием айтрекера, позволяющие улучшить опыт взаимодействия с программным интерфейсом. В проведенном исследовании подчеркивается важность использования данного инструмента при проектировании пользовательских интерфейсов. Связанно это с повышением эффективности и точности результатов, которые были получены в ходе проводимых исследований с использованием технологии фиксации движения глаз.
Pendugaan Umur Simpan Gula Kelapa Kristal dalam Kemasan Vakum menggunakan Metode Accelerated Shelf Life Test (ASLT) Model Arrhenius
Authors: Syska Kavadya , Nuroniah Nita Saniah , Ropiudin Ropiudin
Published: June 2023

AbstractCrystal coconut sugar contains reducing sugar in crystal coconut sugar which can cause crystal coconut sugar to be hygroscopic and make crystal coconut sugar easily absorb water. Efforts to slow down the rate of deterioration of crystal coconut sugar products can be done by packaging. Storage of crystal coconut sugar by vacuum packaging is an effort to inhibit the absorption of moisture from the environment so as to extend its shelf life. The aims of this study were 1) to examine the effect of storage and packaging temperature on several quality parameters of crystalline coconut sugar in vacuum packaging and 2) to develop the Arhenius Model Accelerated Shelf Life Test (ASLT) method to predict the shelf life of crystalline coconut sugar in vacuum packaging. This study used dried crystalline coconut sugar which was packaged using three different types of packaging, namely polyethylene (PE), vacuum packaging, and aluminum foil and then stored using different temperatures, namely 30°C and 15°C. then stored for 5 weeks and observed every 7 days. The results of calculations using the Arrhenius equation for the shelf life of crystalline coconut sugar with 2 storage temperatures and 3 different packages respectively, namely, PE packaging with a temperature of 30°C 1160 days and a temperature of 15°C 1697 days, vacuum packaging a temperature of 30°C 1504 days, temperature 15°C 2155 days, aluminum foil packaging temperature 30°C 7685 days and temperature 15°C 7690 days.Keyword : Shelf life, crystal coconut sugar, vacuum packaging, ASLT, arrheniusAbstrakGula kelapa kristal memiliki kandungan gula pereduksi yang dapat menyebabkan produk bersifat higroskopis dan mudah menyerap air. Upaya untuk memperlambat laju kerusakan produk gula kelapa kristal dapat dilakukan dengan pengemasan. Penyimpanan gula kelapa kristal dengan pengemasan vakum merupakan upaya untuk menghambat penyerapan uap air dari lingkungan sehingga dapat memperpanjang umur simpannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah 1) mengkaji pengaruh suhu penyimpanan dan kemasan terhadap beberapa parameter mutu gula kelapa kristal dalam kemasan vakum dan 2) mengembangkan Metode Accelerated Shelf Life Test (ASLT) Model Arhenius untuk menduga umur simpan gula kelapa kristal dalam kemasan vakum. Penelitian ini menggunakan gula kelapa kristal yang sudah dikeringkan kemudian dikemas dengan menggunakan tiga jenis kemasan yang berberda yaitu, kemasan polietilen (PE), kemasan vakum, dan alumunium foil kemudian disimpan dengan menggunakan suhu yang berbeda yaitu suhu 30°C dan 15°C, disimpan selama 5 minggu dan dilakukan pengamatan setiap 7 hari sekali. Hasil perhitungan menggunakan persamaan Arrhenius umur simpan gula kelapa kristal dengan 2 suhu penyimpanan dan 3 kemasan yang berbeda berturut-turut yaitu, kemasan PE dengan suhu 30°C 1160 hari dan suhu 15°C 1697 hari, kemasan vakum suhu 30°C 1504 hari, suhu 15°C 2155 hari, kemasan alumunium foil suhu 30°C 7685 hari dan suhu 15°C 7690 hari.
Standardisasi Waktu Kerja Pada Unit Pengolahan Kakao, Koperasi Rimbun, Pidie Jaya
Authors: Juanda Juanda , Rozali Zalniati Fonna , Syahputra Hanif
Published: June 2023

Standardization of Working Time at Cocoa Processing Unit, Rimbun Cooperative, Pidie JayaABSTRACT. Rimbun Cooperative is a business unit operating a chocolate factory producing several chocolate products such as cocoa fat, cocoa powder, 3 in 1 instant drinks (sachets), and chocolate bars. This research aims to measure standard times of operators in all working stations of the chocolate factory. These standards comprised the standards in roasting, peeling, pasting, pressing, powdering, powder sieving, powder mixing, dough mixing, refining, and chonching working stations. The data were directly collected using Time Study method with Stop Watch. The samples were randomly selected with five (5) repetitions; and the standard times were measured using Westinghouse Method to quantify performance and allowance factors. The result shows that standard times of operators in each working station are as follows: roasting (36 minutes), peeling (193 minutes), pasting (276 minutes), pressing (78 minutes), powdering (17 minutes), powder sieving (14 minutes), powder mixing (36 minutes), dough mixing (17 minutes), refining (30 minutes), and chonching (30 minutes). In peeling, pasting, powdering, powder sieving working stations, standard times of operators cannot be separated with working times of machines because the operators are required to run the machines (sequence). In general, standard times of operators, after calculation, are larger than direct records because during the working times, operators would not or could not use allowance factors for personal uses, such as for going to bathroom, drinking, and socializing with their colleagues as means to reduce stress or boredom.
Developing a Model Using Homer for a Hybrid Hydrogen Fuel Cell System
Authors: Annisa Fera , Mustaqimah Mustaqimah
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT. Hydrogen is widely considered be the fuel of the near future. Combined wind/PV energy hybrid systems can be used to sources energy to hydrogen production. This paper describes design, simulation and feasibility study of a hybrid energy system for a household in Malaysia. One year recorded wind speed and solar radiation are used for the design of a hybrid energy system. In 2000 was average annual wind speed in Johor Bahru is 3.76 m/s and annual average solar energy resource available is 5.08 kWh/m2/day. National Renewable Energy Laboratory’s HOMER software was used to select an optimum hybrid energy system. In the optimization process, HOMER simulates every system configuration in the search space and displays the feasible ones in a table, sorted by total net present cost (TNPC). The optimization study indicates that sensitivity analysis of the HOMER is shown in the overall winner which shows that the most least cost and optimize hybrid system is combination of 10 kW of PV array, 1 unit of wind turbine, 2 kW of fuel cell, 120 units of batteries and 6 kW converter as well as 1 kW of electrolyzer so as to generate the minimum COE, $2.423 kWh- 1. Although renewable sources (wind and PV) involved in the power generation, 1 kg of hydrogen was produced in this system.Pengembangan Model Dengan Menggunakan Homer Untuk Sistem Sel Berbahan bakar Hidrogen HibridaABSTRAK. Hidrogen secara luas dianggap sebagai bahan bakar masa depan. Gabungan sistem hibrida energi angin/fotovoltaik dapat digunakan untuk sumber energi produksi hidrogen. Makalah ini menjelaskan desain, simulasi dan studi kelayakan dari sistem energi hibrida untuk rumah tangga di Malaysia. Satu tahun kecepatan angin tercatat dan radiasi matahari digunakan untuk desain sistem energi hibrida. Pada tahun 2000 adalah kecepatan angin rata-rata tahunan di Johor Bahru 3.76 m/det dan rata-rata sumber daya energi surya tahunan yang tersedia adalah 5.08 kWjam/m2/ hari. Software HOMER digunakan untuk memilih sistem energi hybrida optimal. Dalam proses optimasi, HOMER mensimulasikan setiap konfigurasi sistem dalam ruang pencarian dan menampilkan yang layak dalam sebuah tabel, diurutkan berdasarkan total net present (TNPC). Studi optimasi menunjukkan bahwa analisis sensitivitas HOMER ditampilkan dalam hasil keseluruhan yang menunjukkan bahwa paling sedikit biaya dan mengoptimalkan sistem hibrida adalah kombinasi dari 10 kW array PV, 1 unit turbin angin, 2 kW bahan bakar, 120 unit baterai dan 6 kW converter serta 1 kW electrolyzer sehingga menghasilkan COE(cost of energy) minimal, $2,423 kWjam-1. Sumber-sumber terbarukan (angin dan PV) yang terlibat dalam pembangkit listrik, 1 kg hydrogen akan diproduksi dalam sistem ini