bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HERBAL-INFUSED EGYPTIAN BEE HONEY, A BOON OR A CURSE, ITS IMPACT ON SENSORIAL, PHYSICOCHEMICAL & ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES
Authors: El-kherbawy Ghada , Hassan Magda , Abd Alla Asmaa
Published: October 2024

Herbal honey mixture remedies are well known for their therapeutic benefits in traditional medicine. This research aspired to assess melissopalynological, sensorial, physicochemical, & antibacterial activity for three types of honey (clover, citrus, and cucurbits) and their mixtures with black seed, date palm pollen, & wheat germ at 1, 2.5, & 5%. The best mixtures were chosen according to overall acceptability. Consumer’s preference was given to raw honey. However, some mixtures were as acceptable as raw honey. Melissopalynological analysis and lower glucose level compared to fructose are evidences that honeys are natural. Infusing herbs with different types of honey caused higher electrical conductivity, free acidity, ash, H2O2, HMF levels, and lower pH. Type of honey and herb may affect the physicochemical characteristics of honey in different ways. Honey whether used alone or in combination with the three herbs, demonstrated the same significant antibacterial effect for Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA. Inhibition zones of honey and its mixtures were lower than the control for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Most undiluted samples created larger bacterial inhibition zones than their 50% diluted counterparts. Depending on the type of honey, the herb and additive concentration, infusing herbs with honey could alter its chemical, physical, and antibacterial qualities.
The Effectiveness of Infertility Treatment Methods in Patients with Stage I–II Endometriosis
Authors:   Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Efimova A.A. ,   Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Gorelova I.V. ,   Almazov National Medical Research Centre; Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Tsypurdeeva A.A. ,   Almazov National Medical Research Centre; Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation,   Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology named after D.O. Ott; Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Rulev M.V. ,   Almazov National Medical Research Centre; Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Zazerskaya I.E. ,   Almazov National Medical Research Centre; Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation,   Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology named after D.O. Ott; Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: October 2024

Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of surgical treatment and assisted reproductive technologies (ART) for infertility associated with stage I–II endometriosis, according to the revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine (rASRM) classification. Design. Randomized study. Materials and methods. This study included 62 women aged 25 to 41 years with infertility and stage I–II endometriosis, determined by clinical symptoms and magnetic resonance imaging data. Patients were randomized into 2 groups: group 1 (laparoscopy) — surgical treatment of endometriosis, followed by planning a spontaneous conception within 12 months (n = 35); group 2 (ART) — treatment of infertility associated with endometriosis using ART methods (n = 27). Reproductive outcomes in group 1 were assessed after 1 year from the date of surgical treatment; in group 2 — based on the results of 3 attempts of embryo transfer as part of the use of ART methods. Results. Rate of pregnancy (group 1 — 34.3%; group 2 — 33.3%; p = 0.937), pregnancy termination (group 1 — 25%; group 2 — 44.4%; p = 0.397), childbirth (group 1 — 20%; group 2 — 14.8%; p = 0.643) did not differ significantly between treatment groups. Conclusion. Surgical treatment and the use of ART methods in the treatment of infertility in patients with stage I–II endometriosis are equally effective. The choice of method may depend on the patient’s preference, medical history, characteristics and disease stage, the presence of concomitant pathology, as well as the other factors of infertility. Keywords: endometriosis, magnetic resonance imaging, surgical treatment of endometriosis, laparoscopy, infertility, assisted reproductive technologies, in vitro fertilisation, hormonal treatment.
Clinical and Morphological Assessment of Myometrium to the Patients with Abnormalities of Labor
Authors:   Kursk State Medical University, Sebyakina T.A. ,   Kursk, Russian Federation, Ivanova O.Yu. ,   Kursk State Medical University; Kursk, Russian Federation
Published: October 2024

Aim. To determine clinical and anamnestic predictors and morphological markers of the abnormalities of labor to women delivered by cesarean section (CS). Design. A prospective cohort study in parallel groups. Materials and methods. The study was performed at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Kursk State Medical University in the obstetric hospital of the Kursk City Clinical Hospital of Emergency Medical Care. 110 women were examined, in whom delivery was performed at 37–41 weeks of pregnancy by С-section. The patients were divided into two groups: the main group consisted of 65 women, whose indication for CS was abnormalities of labor activity that could not be medically corrected. The comparison group included 45 pregnant women, by CS due to the development of placenta-associated complications (acute intrauterine fetal hypoxia, premature of placenta abruption, severe of preeclampsia). The criteria for exclusion from the study were multiple pregnancies, severe extragenital pathology, and age over 40 years. The examination of the patients included the study of general and obstetric anamnesis, objective, obstetric, ultrasound, dopplerometry, morphological studies and statistical processing of the results obtained. Results. Statistically significant differences with a predominance to patients of the main group were revealed by the following signs: "immature" cervix at full-term pregnancy; infectious-inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs; the placenta location of the anterior wall of the uterus; history of intrauterine curettage in the anamnesis; diseases of the cardiovascular system. Morphological examination of patients with abnormalities of labor revealed a high degree of disorganization of the smooth myocytes (p = 0.04), significant interstitial edema (p = 0.01) and a hight degree of isolating smooth myocytes (p = 0.01). Conclusion. The analysis of clinical and anamnestic predictors and morphological data obtained after the first CS will allow of women at risk for predicting anomalies of labor at the time subsequent pregnancy and optimizing their delivery tactics. Keywords: anomalies of labor, cesarean section, abdominal delivery, morphology of the myometrium, myocytes, muscle fibers
Positive Trends in Perinatal Outcomes in Mothers with Breast Cancer during Pregnancy
Authors:   National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I. Kulakov, Akhapkina E.S. ,   Moscow, Russian Federation, Azueva L.M. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Moscow, Russian Federation, Makieva M.I. ,   National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I. Kulakov; Moscow, Russian Federation, Polushkina E.S. ,   National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I. Kulakov; Moscow, Russian Federation, Zubkov V.V. ,   National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I. Kulakov; Moscow, Russian Federation,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: October 2024

Aim. To evaluate the impact of changes in the treatment of pregnancy with breast cancer on the condition and characteristics of the newborn. Design. Retrospective prospective cohort study. Materials and methods. Evaluation and comparison of data on pregnancy management and characteristics of the condition and management of newborns in two groups. The first group consisted of 68 newborns born to mothers with breast cancer from 2013 to 2019, data from medical records were collected and analyzed retrospectively. The second (prospective) group included 75 children born to mothers with breast cancer during pregnancy from 2020 to 2023. The study was conducted on the basis of the department of newborn National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I. Kulakov. Results. The study groups differed statistically in the dates of pregnancy at the time of delivery, which is due to the changed treatment of patients with breast cancer during pregnancy. In the prospective group significantly more children (61 (81.3%) child) were born pregnant (p < 0.05). The absolute majority of pregnancies in a prospective cohort of patients determined differences in the condition and behavior of newborns. Thus, in the first group of children, the duration of hospital treatment after birth was significantly shorter than in the second (4 and 7 days respectively, p = 0.000). In the prospective group with the diagnosis «Healthy» 41 (54.7%) children were discharged from the maternity hospital, in the retrospective group only 9 (13.2%) children (Yates correction, p < 0.05).
Intraoperative Hemostasis in Case of Placenta Abruption — the Right of Choice
Authors:   Volgograd State Medical University, Zharkin N.A. ,   Volgograd, Russian Federation, Burova N.A. ,   Volgograd State Medical University; Volgograd, Russian Federation, Miroshnikov A.E. ,   Volgograd State Medical University; Volgograd, Russian Federation, Shatilova Yu.A. ,   Volgograd State Medical University; Volgograd, Russian Federation
Published: October 2024

Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of various variants of hemostatic sutures in the fight against obstetric bleeding caused by premature rupture of placenta and prevention of massive blood loss. Design. Analytical review and cohort retrospective study. Materials and methods. The analysis of the effectiveness of intraoperative hemostasis methods was carried out on the basis of data from 24 domestic and foreign scientific publications devoted to the problem of PPRP over the past 10 years (2014–2024). The information obtained was compared with the results of using a local algorithm for intraoperative hemostasis in 182 women with bleeding that occurred in the Clinical Maternity Hospital No. 2 in Volgograd in 2010–2023. The main group included 138 (75.8%) patients who underwent uterine devascularization on both sides at two levels. The comparison group consisted of 44 women who used B-Linch compression sutures: in 37 (20.3%) cases, only compression sutures were applied, in 7 (3.9%) a combination of these methods was used. Results. According to the literature, placenta abruption is the most common cause of bleeding that required surgical hemostasis. Uterine devascularization allowed the organ to be preserved in 135 out of 138 patients, while with the use of compression sutures and their combination with devascularization, the uterus was preserved in 37 out of 44 operated maternity hospitals (OR — 8.514; 95% CI: 2.098– 34.544), which confirms the statistically significant effectiveness of devascularization. Conclusion. It is advisable to start intraoperative stop of uterine bleeding caused by placenta abruption with uterine devascularization. This relatively easy-to-perform method of hemostasis in uterine bleeding may be the method of choice in maternity hospitals of the 1st and 2nd groups. Keywords: uterine bleeding, premature separation of a normally located placenta, devascularization of the uterus, compression sutures on the uterus.
Vitamin D Influence on Clinical and Immunological Indicators in Women with Climacteric Syndrome
Authors:   Donetsk State Medical University named after M. Gorky, Maylyan E.A. ,   Donetsk, Dzhelomanova E.S. ,   Donetsk Clinical Territorial Medical Association; Donetsk, Reznichenko N.A. ,   V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University; Simferopol, Russian Federation, Bagriy A.E. ,   Donetsk State Medical University named after M. Gorky; Donetsk, Trunova O.A. ,   Donetsk State Medical University named after M. Gorky; Donetsk, Nemsadze I.G. ,   Donetsk State Medical University named after M. Gorky; Donetsk
Published: October 2024

Aim. To evaluate the cholecalciferol effect on the climacteric manifestations severity and the cytokine status dynamics in women receiving phytoestrogen therapy. Design. Prospective longitudinal case-control study. Materials and methods. 302 women aged 48 to 57 years were examined. Of these 229 women had symptoms of climacteric syndrome (CS). At the first stage of the study, clinical signs, 25(OH)D and cytokine levels were assessed in women with CS (n = 229). The control data were the results of similar age women, but without signs of CS (control group, n = 73). At the second stage the dynamics of clinical and immunological parameters in two groups of women with CS were studied. The first group (comparison group, n = 57) consisted of patients who received phytoestrogens therapy for 6 months. The second group (main, n = 57) included women who in addition to a similar 6-month course of phytoestrogens were prescribed cholecalciferol using saturation regimens depending on the initial 25(OH)D serum levels. In the dynamics of treatment, the severity of CS manifestations was assessed, as well as the levels of 25(OH)D, interleukins IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor α. After a 6-month course of therapy 55 women from the comparison group and 50 patients from the main group were re-examined. Results. It was found that climacteric syndrome is characterized by an increased concentrations of IL-6 (p = 0.042) and IL-8 (p = 0.036) and is more often recorded in women with vitamin D deficiency (81.1% versus 68.5%; p = 0.018). The inclusion of cholecalciferol in the treatment led to a significantly more pronounced reduction in the anxiety and panic attacks severity, headaches, somatic symptoms, the overall severity of climacteric syndrome on the Green scale, as well as IL-6 level after 6 months of complex therapy. A significant decrease of IL-8 level was found only when phytoestrogens were taken in combination with cholecalciferol. The combination of phytoestrogens with cholecalciferol also provided a significant increase in 25(OH)D serum content: from 17.77 [13.58; 24.76] ng/ml to 35.47 [31.49; 43.59] ng/ml (p < 0.001). Conclusion. The results obtained indicate the presence of favorable clinical and immunological effects of vitamin D supplementation in women with climacteric syndrome. Keywords: vitamin D, cytokines, climacteric syndrome.
Morphological Features of the Endometrium in Patients with Obesity and Early Reproductive Losses
Authors:   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Kuzmina E.A. ,   Moscow, Russian Federation, Sokhova Z.M. ,   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba; Moscow, Russian Federation, Semyatov S.M. ,   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba; Moscow, Russian Federation, Akhmatova A.N. ,   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba; Moscow, Russian Federation, Zulumyan T.N. ,   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba; Moscow, Russian Federation, Orazmuradova A.A. ,   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba; Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: October 2024

Aim. To clarify and summarize current data on the relationship between morphological features of gravid transformation of the endometrium and early reproductive losses in women with obesity. Key points. The growing prevalence of obesity worldwide is of serious concern not only due to numerous metabolic complications associated with excess visceral adipose tissue, but also due to reproductive dysfunction in women. Obesity is considered a key factor that increases several times the likelihood of pregnancy complications such as spontaneous abortion, non-viable pregnancy, stillbirth, gestational diabetes mellitus, and preeclampsia. The development of adverse events in the context of maternal obesity may be based on the interaction of biological processes associated with pregnancy and chronic inflammation caused by obesity. However, the causal relationship between BMI and spontaneous abortion is not fully understood, possibly due to the multifactorial effects of excess body weight on pregnancy progression. In addition, BMI as an isolated variable may not reflect other important health risk factors such as nutrition, physical activity, and insulin resistance. Conclusion. Female obesity is associated with worse natural and assisted conception outcomes, including an increased risk of spontaneous abortion. Low-grade inflammation affecting arterial remodeling, placentation, and uterine immune cell composition and activity in maternal obesity contributes to a high incidence of pregnancy complications. The development of a unified morphological panel that takes into account the main indicators of endometrial transformation processes with an assessment of its receptor profile and diagnostically significant immunological factors will allow verification of endometrial pathology at the molecular level and justification of pathogenetic therapy in the risk group of early reproductive losses in women with obesity. Keywords: gravid endometrium, obesity, reproductive function, reproductive losses, miscarriage.
The Influence of Online Behavior of Adolescents on the Functional State of the Central Nervous System, Possibilities for Correction
Authors:   Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Potupchik T.V. ,   Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation, Evert L.S. ,   Federal Research Centre “Krasnoyarsk Science Centre” of the Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Science, separate division “Scientific Research Institute of medical problems of the North”; Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation,   Khakass State University named after N.F. Katanov; Abakan, Russian Federation, Kostyuchenko Yu.R. ,   Federal Research Centre “Krasnoyarsk Science Centre” of the Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Science, separate division “Scientific Research Institute of medical problems of the North” Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation., Chudinova O.V. ,   Khakass State University named after N.F. Katanov; Abakan, Russian Federation
Published: October 2024

Aim. A study of the relationship between indicators of central nervous system functioning in adolescents and various types of Internet use: adaptive (AIU), non-adaptive (NIU) and pathological (PIU). Design. Comparative clinical study. Materials and methods. The study included 202 adolescents aged 12 to 17 years old (median age: 14 [13; 15] years old), pupils from general educational establishments of Abakhan (Republic of Khakassia) with various online behaviours: 86 (42.6%) boys and 116 (57.4%) girls. The observation groups were formed on the basis of their online behaviour: 71 (35.1%) adolescents with adaptive Internet use, 107 (53.0%) — with non-adaptive Internet use, and 24 (11.9%) — with abnormal Internet use. The examination program involved the study of the following parameters and characteristics: type of online behaviour, quantitative parameters of the simple sensomotor reaction to visual stimulation and its integral characteristics (levels of CNS activation, accuracy, speed and stability of reactions). The functional state of the CNS (optimal, satisfactory, unsatisfactory) was assessed using the characteristics of the simple sensomotor reaction to visual stimulation using Psikhofiziolog computer appliance. Results. In adolescents with PIU, a tendency was revealed to deteriorate certain indicators of the sensorimotor test, which was manifested by a decrease in concentration and stability of attention (in terms of error-freeness and stability) and slower reactions (in terms of speed of action). The results of the study indicate the predominance of inhibition processes in the central nervous system, a state of fatigue, a decrease in mental performance and cognitive activity in adolescents with PIU. Conclusion. The data obtained prove the relevance of the problem of pathological Internet use and its impact on health in the ontogenetic period under study, and indicate the need for its further study in order to optimize preventive and corrective measures in the teenage population of Internet users. Keywords: teenager, online behavior, central nervous system, functional state, visual-motor reaction, correction.
Sanatorium Rehabilitation of post-COVID Asthenic Syndrome in School-Age Children
Authors:   Perm State Medical University named after Academician E.A. Wagner, Vinogradov E.I. ,   Perm, Russian Federation, Selyanina N.V. ,   Perm State Medical University named after Academician E.A. Wagner; Perm, Russian Federation, Zlotnikova V.G. ,   Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital; Perm, Russian Federation, Sumlivaya O.N. ,   Perm State Medical University named after Academician E.A. Wagner; Perm, Russian Federation
Published: October 2024

Aim. To study the effects of sanatory rehabilitation factors for the intensity of asthenic manifestations of post-COVID syndrome in school-aged children. Design. A non-randomized controlled study was conducted. Materials and methods. We examined 60 children aged 8 to 13 years old with asthenic manifestations of post-COVID syndrome; 20 healthy children were used as controls. Rehabilitation was organised at Svetlana health camp (a branch of the Territorial Clinical Hospital, Perm). All children shared their complaints and medical history as well as had their somatic and neurological status checked before and after rehabilitation. The degree of asthenia was determined using the Multidimensional Fatigue Scale; the functional status was evaluated using the functional status scale for post-COVID-19 patients; vegetative manifestations were recorded in a questionnaire and a pattern developed by A. M. Wein. Saliva levels of monocytic chemotactic protein-1 were determined with ELISA. Results. Children with past COVID-19 demonstrated a higher level of asthenia seen on the fatigue sub-scale — 81.22 [50.0; 100.0] points (р = 0.02 vs. controls), together with vegetative disorders; and saliva levels of monocytic chemotactic protein-1 (18.0 [12.5; 29.7] pg/mL) were higher than in controls (16.35 [11.00; 22.60] pg/mL; р = 0.012). After rehabilitation in a health camp, the intensity of asthenia decreased to 87.18 [75.0; 100.0] (р = 0.02), vegetative dysfunction improved, and functional status class changed from 1.74 [1.0; 3.0] to 0.77 [0; 1.0] (р = 0.02); saliva levels of monocytic chemotactic protein-1 increased to 23.1 [13.7; 43.7] pg/mL (p = 0.04). Quantitative changes are associated with improved clinical manifestations of post-COVID syndrome; therefore, elevated levels of this protein are a positive change. Conclusion. Post-COVID syndrome in school-aged children manifested with asthenic and vegetative disorders. Rehabilitation sanatory factors have favourable effect on the clinical manifestations of post-COVID syndrome, as well as the saliva concentration of monocytic chemotactic protein. Keywords: post-Covid syndrome, asthenia, children, monocyte chemotactic protein, rehabilitation.
Ultrasound Examination of the Lungs in the Diagnosis of Pneumonia in Children
Authors:   Perm State Medical University named after Academician E.A. Wagner, Furman E.G. ,   Perm, Russian Federation, Balkunova Yu.N. ,   Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital; Perm, Russian Federation, Boyko M.Yu. ,   Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital; Perm, Russian Federation, Estemesova R.A. ,   Astana Medical University; Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: October 2024

Aim. To present current data on the characterization, methodology, and use of lung ultrasound (LUS) in the diagnosis of pneumonia in children. Key points. Respiratory pathology is most common in childhood due to the peculiarities of immunity and structure of the respiratory tract. Pneumonia is a not uncommon disease of the lower respiratory tract in children, requiring quick, accurate and easy to perform diagnosis, as well as correct and timely treatment. Recently, lung ultrasound examination has been gaining popularity as a tool for diagnosing diseases of the lower respiratory tract, including pneumonias. It was widely used during the COVID-19 pandemic, when there were a lot of patients. The advantages of this method are the ease of the procedure, the speed of obtaining results, the absence of ionizing radiation and the non-invasiveness of the study. Ultrasound allows for a real-time assessment of the lung tissue lesion pattern. Also, an ultrasound examination lets the child stay with their mother and keep calm during the diagnostic procedure, preventing stress. Numerous trials demonstrated high specificity and sensitivity of this diagnostic method. Results of the common and more time-consuming diagnostic methods, such as lung CT and lung X-ray, have been compared with ultrasonographic results. With lung ultrasound, the possibility of dynamic patient monitoring is opened up without the fear of receiving unnecessary radiation exposure. The review presents data on the gaining popularity of LUS, its sensitivity and specificity, the technique of the study, as well as characteristic signs of pulmonary lesions in pneumonia. Conclusion. Lung ultrasound as a tool for pneumonia diagnostics is widely used abroad and has been included in pneumonia management protocols. Ease-of-use and safety for patients facilitate the introduction and application of this diagnostic method in paediatric inpatientunits; later, it can be used in outpatient settings as well. Multidisciplinary approach to the diagnosis of pneumonia contributes to the acceleration of the correct diagnosis and the beginning of adequate therapy. Keywords: lung ultrasound, pneumonia in children, ultrasound signs of pulmonary lesions.
Predictors of Recurrent Wheezing in Young Children
Authors:   Yerevan State Medical University named after Mkhitar Heratsi, Mkhitaryan A.A. ,   Yerevan, Armenia
Published: October 2024

Aim. To provide overview information on predictors of relapses of bronchial obstruction in young children and the likelihood of them developing bronchial asthma in the future. Key points. Over the past few years, more than 280 papers have been published confirming the important role of HLA-G in the regulation of the human immune system, indicating HLA-G antigens as a prognostic factor in the development of various pathological conditions. HLA-G proteins have been shown to be involved in the immune regulation of the pathogenesis of autoimmune and allergic diseases, such as gastrointestinal, skin, neurological and rheumatological diseases, as well as in the pathology of pregnancy. Conclusion. The level of sHLA-G is particularly significant in the development of inflammatory processes in allergic diseases, in particular bronchial asthma, which opens up new opportunities for its use as an important marker of inflammation. In addition, sHLA-G, as an accessible diagnostic indicator, can be effectively introduced into the healthcare system, thereby aiding in the prediction of allergic diseases and monitoring maintenance therapy. Keywords: bronchial asthma, predictors, allergic diseases, HLA-G, children.
The Effect of Display Polarity on Reading Speed and Reading Error Among Young Adults
Authors: Muhamad Nurulain , Mokhtar Nurliyana
Published: October 2024

Objective: The widespread adoption of digital devices has surged, particularly since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Nearly everyone now owns devices like laptops, tablets, or smartphones, offering options for light mode (positive polarity) and dark mode (negative polarity) to suit individual preferences. This study examines how display polarity affects reading performance among young adults. Material and Methods: Thirty participants engaged in a 15-minute reading task on a laptop with randomly assigned display polarities, followed by a 15-minute break before repeating the task. Results: Reading speed, measured in words per minute (wpm), differed significantly between polarities, with negative polarity yielding higher speeds (136.27±25.58 wpm) compared to positive polarity (128.42±19.98 wpm), Z=-2.355, p-value<0.05. However, no significant polarity-related differences were found in reading errors, including mispronunciation (p-value=0.193) or omission (p-value=0.113). Conclusion: Negative polarity displays enhanced reading performance by increasing reading speed; while reading errors remained unaffected.
A Novel Persian Herbal Syrups: Preventive and Curative Effects of Syrup Formulation of Achillea. millefolium L. against Ethylene Glycol Induced Urolithiasis in Rats
Authors: Dahmardnezhad Mozhgan , Hashemi Rafsanjani SeyedMahmoudReza , Sabbaghi Sara , Baghinia Nina , Fooladivanda Nastaran , Peyravi Elham , Baghinia Mahmoud-Reza , Parsa Yekta , Ghasemzadeh Kolagar Hossein , Saremi Fardad , Abbasy Zahra , Ghorani Seyyed Mojtaba , Rezaei Nezhad Rafsanjani Sahar , Zaferani Arani Hamid
Published: October 2024

Background: The urinary system is afflicted by urolithiasis, which stands as the third most common disabling disorder. The application of herbal plants is a widespread practice there is an increasing interest in research in this domain to establish scientific reasons for their beneficial properties. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the protective effects of the novel syrup formulations of Achillea millefolium against urolithiasis. Materials and Methods: The two suspensions of A. millefolium, i.e., ethanolic and aqueous extracts were prepared. The 36 male Wistar rats were divided to six groups, i.e., group A (control), and ethylene glycol (EG) 1%-induced nephrolithiasis (groups B to F). The curative (C and D) and preventive (E and F) groups received 300 mg/kg body weight extracts orally from day 15 and first, respectively. After 28 days, the serum and urine samples, as well as, kidneys were taken for analysis and histopathologically for counting the calcium oxalate (CaOx) deposits, respectively. Results: Serum parameters such as creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and uric acid of group B rats were increased significantly in comparison to normal rats (P<0.001) and extracts-treated groups (C to F). Also, our results indicated marked (P<0.05) reductions in urinary oxalate, phosphate, and calcium in A. millefolium-treated rats; however, urine citrate in rats of group B was significantly reduced compared with other groups. Also, compared with group B, histopathological examinations revealed CaOx deposit reduction in groups C to F (P<0.05). Conclusion: Results of our study show that the treatment of rats with A. millefolium extracts had curative, as well as preventive properties on EG-induced kidney stones.
Ileum Obstruction Following Appendix Adhesion Band after Sleeve Surgery: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Elyasinia Fezzeh , Zaferani Arani Hamid , Radmard Amir Reza , Soroush Ahmadreza , Farzamnia Fayez , Yaghobi Notash Aydin , Eslamian Reza , Najjari Khosrow , Zabihi Mahmoudabadi Hossein , Niakan Mohammad Hadi
Published: October 2024

Sleeve gastrectomy is a popular surgical procedure for weight loss. Although it is basically a safe surgery; however, it can lead to serious complications such as intestinal obstruction. The present report describes a 55-year-old woman who attended with complications of abdominal pain and vomiting that underwent laparoscopic exploratory intervention and ileum obstruction due to adherent bands of the appendix was considered as final diagnosis.
Effects of Neck Radiation Therapy on Carotid Arteries in Patients with Head and Neck Carcinoma
Authors: Aghamiri Hosein , Rahmani Amin , Khatib Shahidi Mir Ramin , Kamian Shaghayegh , Mafi Ahmad R
Published: October 2024

Background: Radiotherapy is a main treatment modality for cancers of the head and neck (HNC). However, it can cause a number of complications, including carotid artery damage.This study aimed to determine the effect of head and neck radiotherapy on carotid Doppler ultrasound findings in patients with HNC treated at Imam Hossein University Hospital. Materials and Methods: This research is a descriptive-longitudinal and prospective study conducted in 2022 on patients with HNC undergoing neck radiotherapy. In this study, before the initiation of radiotherapy, the patients underwent neck carotid artery Doppler ultrasound and various parameters including peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), internal carotid artery/common carotid artery (ICA/CCA) PSV, the number of plaques, intimal thickness, and percentage of carotid diameter stenosis, were recorded. The Doppler ultrasound was repeated six months later, addressing the same characteristics, and the collected data were compared. Results: Of 49 investigated patients, 32 (65.3%) were male (mean age=59.46 years). PSV, EDV, and ICA/CCA ratios showed no statistically significant difference 6 months following the completion of radiotherapy compared to the initial investigation. On the other hand, the percentage of carotid artery stenosis, the middle intimal membrane thickness, and the number of vascular plaques increased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion: Carotid artery stenosis due to radiotherapy seems to be a common complication; however, radiotherapy probably has minimal effects on other ultrasound parameters of carotid arteries including EDV, PSV, and ICA/CCA ratio.
Gallic Acid Alleviates Injury of Intestine Induced by Escherichia Coli: Protective Role of Metalloproteinase and Antioxidants on Small Intestine In-vivo
Authors: Halwani Muhammad
Published: October 2024

Background: Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a common pathogen that can cause significant morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of gallic acid (GA) on a mice infected with of E. coli enteritis and evaluate the serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, as well as any histopathological changes before and after exposure. Materials and Methods: Forty Swiss male mice were divided into four groups: Group I (negative control), Group II (received oral GA, 80 mg/kg/b.wt), Group III (orally inoculated with E. coli, 1×107 CFU, for four days), and Group IV (received oral GA, 80 mg/kg/b.wt, for 10 days after E. coli inoculation). Serum was collected to assess IL-6 and MMP-9 levels. Intestinal samples were examined for antioxidant parameters, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry were performed. Results: Group III exhibited significantly higher IL-6 and MMP-9 levels compared to the other groups (P<0.001). Antioxidant activity in the intestine, measured by SOD and GSH-Px, was lower in Group III compared to Group I. Conversely, Group IV showed significant improvements in biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical outcomes, alongside reduced intestinal damage caused by E. coli. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that E. coli infection in mice increases IL-6 and MMP-9 levels while decreasing intestinal antioxidants. Concurrent administration of GA significantly improves outcomes, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic remedy for E. coli-induced intestinal damage. Furthers research is imperative to determine the underlying pathways by which GA exerts its beneficial outcomes.
A New Remote Monitoring System: Evaluation of the Efficiency and Accuracy of the Smart Emergency Medical System-Health Internet of Things Device
Authors: Hedayati Goudarzi Mohammad Taghi , Zare Marzouni Hadi , Tarkhan Fazel , Bijani Ali , Babagoli Mehdi , Shadifar Amirhossein , Alipour Javad Abbas
Published: October 2024

Background: The remote medical monitoring system can facilitate monitoring patients with cardiac arrhythmia, and consequently, reduce mortality and complications in individuals requiring emergency interventions. Hence, it is necessary to evaluate new telemedicine devices and compare them with standard devices. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate and compare the new remote monitoring system, Smart Emergency Medical System-Health Internet of Things (SEMS-HIOT) developed by the Health Technology Development Centre of Babol University of Medical Sciences on patients with different cardiac arrhythmias and compare it with the standard device. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, 60 patients were divided into the six most common arrhythmia groups (n=10 per each group and equal gender) as atrial fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, premature ventricular contractions, atrial tachycardia, and premature atrial contractions. Also, 20 healthy individuals (including 10 men and 10 women) without any arrhythmia (normal rhythm) were considered as the control group. Three similar SEMS-HIOT devices were used as test devices and a standard cardiac monitoring device as the control device. The clinical parameters, including heart rate, pulse rate, oxygen saturation, body temperature, and cardiac electrical activity via electrocardiogram (ECG) lead-II were recorded. Results: Findings showed that the performance of the SEMS-HIOT test device was similar and in the same range for all indices in each group and there were no significant differences compared to the performance of the control device (P>0.05). Also, the ECG records measured with  SEMS-HIOT and standard device indicate no significant differences (P>0.05). Conclusion: Our study showed that the cardiac indices as well as ECG findings, which were measured with SEMS-HIOT and common standard devices confirmed the accuracy and reliability of the new telematics device for monitoring patients with cardiac diseases.
Resveratrol effects on male infertility
Authors: Vakili Sina , Rostami Amirabbas , Rastegar Sanaz
Published: October 2024

The escalating prevalence of male reproductive disorders and associated infertility has become a pressing concern, necessitating heightened awareness due to its substantial socioeconomic and psychological impact. Research has elucidated the multifaceted etiology of male infertility, encompassing oxidative stress, inflammation, and lifestyle-related factors. Resveratrol, a naturally occurring non-flavonoid polyphenol, has garnered significant attention for its potential health benefits, particularly in mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation. However, the relationship between this compound and male fertility remains poorly understood, with existing research yielding conflicting results. The current review aimed to discuss the effects of resveratrol on human male fertility and explore the underlying mechanisms by which it may influence male infertility.
Changes in Inflammatory Cytokines, Vascular Markers, Cell Cycle Regulators, and Gonadotropin Receptors in Granulosa Cells of COVID-19 Infected Women
Authors: Vakili Sina , Rostami Amirabbas , Namavar Jahromi Bahia , Jafarinia Morteza
Published: October 2024

Background: COVID-19 infection can negatively affect multiple organ systems, including the reproductive system. Previous research has indicated altered levels of inflammatory markers in the reproductive tissues of women with chronic diseases. This study aimed to assess the expression of inflammatory, vascular, cell cycle, and gonadotropin receptor genes in the granulosa cells and oocytes of women with recent COVID-19 infection undergoing Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART), compared to healthy controls. Materials and Methods: The study involved 15 women who had tested positive for COVID-19 within three months of ART treatment and 15 age-matched healthy women as controls. Granulosa cells were collected during oocyte retrieval, and RNA was isolated to analyze gene expression using quantitative real-time PCR. The evaluated genes included inflammatory cytokines (IL-1B, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8), vascular genes (VEGF, ANGPT1), cell cycle regulators (FOXL2, Cyclin D1, Cyclin D2, KLF4), and gonadotropin receptors (LHCGR, FSHR). Results: Results showed significantly higher expression of inflammatory cytokines in the granulosa cells of COVID-19 positive women, including IL-1B (4.2-fold), TNF-α (3.8-fold), IL-8 (2.5-fold), and IL-6 (3.2-fold). Vascular genes VEGF and ANGPT1 were also overexpressed, while FOXL2 was downregulated and Cyclin D1/D2 were upregulated in the study group. However, LH and FSH receptor expression remained similar between both groups. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates altered gene expression of inflammatory cytokines, vascular factors and cell cycle regulators in granulosa cells and oocytes of COVID-19 positive women undergoing ART. The dysregulated molecular pathways could potentially impair folliculogenesis and oocyte development in SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals.
Effect of Training on Employee's Performance and Organizational Commitment: Evidence from Takaful Industry
Authors: Ullah Arshad
Published: October 2024

The research study aims to analyze the effect of Training on the employee performance and organizational commitment of the employees of the takaful industry of district Peshawar. The sample of the research study is comprised of 161 takaful employees randomly selected from different takaful organizations namely, Dawood Takaful, Jubilee Family Takaful, Adamjee Family Takaful, and Pak Qatar Takaful. Linear Regression Analysis has been applied to analyze the effect of training on employee performance and organizational commitment. It has been found that training has a significant effect on employee performance and organizational commitment. The research recommends that the HR department should provide relevant and need-based training to the employees. Moreover, it suggests that training should be provided on a regular basis to not only improve the performance of the employees but to enhance the organization's commitment.
A Review of the Effectiveness of Teaching Strategies for Diverse Learners
Authors: Farooqi Muhammad Tahir Khan , Kanwal Sajida , Hasrat Mohsin Ali
Published: October 2024

We see diversity in our classrooms. The learners are diverse in their age, race, socio-economic and geographical background, gender, academic and social skills, and physical state. To deal with all this diversity, a teacher has to be equipped with different pedagogical skills and approaches. The main objective of this review was to point out effective teaching strategies for diverse learners. The researcher used Google Scholar as a key search engine and searched articles and books related to the topic of the study by using different keywords. The researcher set the range for the search of relevant material from 2020 to date. The effective teaching strategies included the usage of technology, integration of projects and extracurricular activities in curricula, adaptation of inclusive education and assessment, development of collaboration enhancement of counseling center in the school, focus on individualized and differentiated learning, and ensuring peer learning.
From Expedition Records in the Village of Yudino, Voronezh Region: Interaction of the Local Vernacular Ukrainian with the Russian Language
Authors: Dyachenko Svetlana V. , Pilipenko Gleb P. , Saenko Mikhail N.
Published: October 2024

The article is based on the material recorded by the authors during an expedition in 2024 to the village of Yudino, Podgorensky district, Voronezh oblast, whose dialect can be localised as Ukrainian. The analysis of the audio transcripts of three villagers (the main informants were two women born in 1935 and 1937) allowed us to identify the main features characteristic of the original vernacular, as well as to examine some of the results of the interaction between the vernacular and Russian, which is the only official language in the area where the vernacular exists: the mass media (television, radio) and school education are in Russian.
The main phonetic features: [i] in place of *м under accent and without accent (but in loanwords [e]: mel), in place of *e in the new closed syllable; in unaccented syllables the reflexes of *y, *i and *e coincide in the sound [y], but in the final open syllable the reflexes of these vowels differ; there is a distinction of /o/ and /a/ in unaccented syllables, except for borrowings from Russian; labial consonants are softened only before [i]; the phoneme /v/ is represented by a bilabial sound, but in some cases before [s] — by a unvoiced fricative [f]; the phoneme /g/ is represented by a pharyngeal voiced sound [h], except for single borrowings, where [g] is used.
Grammatical peculiarities: short forms of adjectives; ending -oho in the genitive case of masculine and neuter adjectives and pronouns, etc.
Along with well-preserved native vocabulary, there is a large number of various borrowings from the Russian language.
Localization and pauses duration in Russian iambic tetrameter in the poetry of A. S. Pushkin
Authors: Kruglova Anastasia V. , Smirnova Olga S.
Published: October 2024

This article is a continuation of a study dedicated to the role of pauses in the prosodic structure of the Russian iambic tetrameter. New data on the localization and duration of the pauses in Alexander Pushkin’s “Eugene Onegin,” as voiced by three speakers, corroborate previously identified patterns in the organization of poetic lines at the prosodic level. Pauses of varying durations, occurring with different frequencies at various junctures, emphasize the depth of the varying degree of internal division within a line. The method of multidimensional classification revealed five groups of pause durations, ranging from ultra-short to super-long. It was found that within a line, ultra-short and short pauses predominate, while longer pauses tend to occur more towards the middle and less towards the beginning. The absence or brevity of pauses near the end of a line highlights a more prolonged inter-line pause. Individual pause strategies manifest in the observance or omission of inter-line pauses, their duration, the frequency of prosodic breaks within a line, and the frequency of using pauses of a particular duration group. High correlation coefficients indicate a consistent use of pauses among the three speakers.
The polysemy of the lexeme “bread” and its functioning in the Russian folk riddle
Authors: Meshcheryakova Olga A. , Turko Ulyana I.
Published: October 2024

In this article, the authors examine the polysemy of the lexeme bread, which can be found in a Russian folk riddle. The proverbs recorded in the collection “Riddles” prepared by V. V. Mitrofanova served as a material for the analysis. The paper analyzes the uses of the polysemantic lexeme bread both in the answer and in the text of the riddle itself.
The designation of the original denotation using the lexeme bread is based on the denotative meaning, while the most popular are two main lexical-semantic options: ‘a food product baked from flour’; ‘grains (rye, wheat, etc.)’. The polysemy of the word influences the division of the riddles with the answer bread according to thematic content into two sections of the collection: “Food, drink”, “Arable land, mowing, sowing and processing of bread”.
In the question part of the lexeme, bread is used both in literal and figurative meaning. The derived meaning that arises on the basis of the metaphor is due to associative features that are not semantically essential for ideas about bread. The lexical ambiguity of the word bread serves as a linguistic means of realizing the playful nature of the riddle process.
The peculiarities of the use of lexical-semantic variants of the lexeme bread in the question and answer parts indicate that polysemy is a genre-forming property of this type of proverb.
Study of Degradation of Optical Fiber in Copper Coating
Authors: Bulatov M. I. , Grigoryev N. S. , Fofanov A. V. , Kosolapov A. F. , Semyonov S. L.
Published: October 2024

It has been shown that the strength of copper-coated optical fiber in air at elevated temperatures decreases over time, primarily due to degradation of the copper coating due to oxidation, which leads to the appearance and growth of point defects on the surface of silica glass. In this case, the optical fibers remain operational at 600°C for ~1.5 hours, and at 500°C for ~16 hours. The activation energy of the process is in the range of 120–123 kJ/mol. The results obtained make it possible to predict the stability of the optical fibers in air at 300°C for ~1.5 years, and at 250°C for ~17 years.