bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How Can ChatGPT Benefit Pharmacy: A Case Report on Review Writing
Authors: Zhu Yun , Han Dan , Chen Shaoqing , Zeng Feng , Wang Cheng
Published: February 2023

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a breakthrough technology that has been widely applied in many fields and its use in pharmacy is also gaining increasing attentions. Recently, ChatGPT, a newly developed virtual assistant and large language model, is showing strong ability in writing, which makes it a potential tool for review writing. Here in our study, we employ the public available ChatGPT and try to instruct it to generate a mini review on the topic of “lipid-based drug delivery systems” by conversation. Our results showed that ChatGPT can give reasonable outline for this topic and give seemingly sentences with concluding wording, which can give useful information to the readers. However, the accuracy and consistence of the review are not fully guaranteed and there is lack of reliable citations. Therefore, it is concluded that ChatGPT can only give general knowledge on the selected topic, but not capable of giving in-depth discussion. The generated review article can be a useful but occasionally unprecise electronic encyclopedia instead of rigorous scientific literature, which can give benefit for pharmaceutical education and interchange to some extent.
Does Relativity Rule over Quantum or Vice Versa?
Authors: Saha Surajit
Published: February 2023

We have shown that according to the predictions of the standard quantum theory, signaling is possible using a postponed compensation Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometer, although it violates Lorentz invariance. We argue that new physics is required to deal with such a paradox. Either quantum principles or relativity needs reassessment. We propose an experiment that can decide whether relativity rules over quantum or vice versa.
High-Resolution Bioclimatic Surfaces for Southern Peru: An Approach to Climate Reality for Biological Conservation
Authors: Pauca-Tanco G. Anthony , Arias-Enríquez Joel , Quispe-Turpo Johana del Pilar
Published: February 2023

Ecological niche models have become exceptionally important, since their results allow to un-derstand many aspects related to the biology of the species being studied, even understanding its evolutionary relationships or their response to past or future projections. In this research, models were prepared to create climatic surfaces so as to produce bioclimatic layers based on the mete-orological data of the south of Peru. Temperature and precipitation data from 119 stations were obtained and homogenized. Then, using geographic and orographic covariates, models were prepared so as to obtain climatic surfaces of maximum and minimum temperature, and precipi-tation. The produced layers were evaluated through root-mean-square deviation (RMSD), mean absolute deviation of error (MAD) and goodness of fit (R2), and they were compared to other models for the area. Finally, the 19 bioclimatic surfaces were created. The results show general patterns for temperature and precipitation, some of them being particular. The climatic layers produced showed acceptable values for RMSD, MAD and R2. Comparison with other models shows statistically significant differences. Both the climatic and the produced bioclimatic surfaces were entered into a database for free access. Finally, comments are made on the importance and application of the bioclimatic layers produced here.
Endothelial Function and Hypoxic-Hyperoxic Preconditioning in Coronary Surgery with a Cardiopulmonary Bypass: Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Mandel Irina A. , Podoksenov Yuriy K. , Mikheev Sergey L. , Suhodolo Irina V. , Svirko Yulia S. , Shipulin Vladimir M. , Yavorovskiy Andrey G. , Yaroshetskiy Andrey I.
Published: February 2023

Background: The hypothesis is that a hypoxic-hyperoxic preconditioning (HHP) is associated with a protective effect on myocardial function by reducing endothelial damage and a beneficial effect on postoperative outcome in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Methods: Patients (n=120) were randomly assigned to an HHP and a control group. A safe inhaled oxygen fraction for the hypoxic preconditioning phase (10-14% oxygen for 10 minutes) was determined by measuring the anaerobic threshold. At hyperoxic phase, 75-80% oxygen fraction was used during 30 minutes. Results: The cumulative frequency of postoperative complications was 14 (23.3%) in the HHP vs 23 (41.1%), p=0.041. The nitrate decreased after surgery by up to 20% in the HHP group and up to 38% in the control group. Endothelin-1 and nitric oxide metabolites were stable in HHP but remained low more than 24 h in control group. The endothelial damage markers appeared to be predictors of postoperative complications. Conclusion: The HHP with individual parameters based on the anaerobic threshold is a safe procedure, it can reduce the frequency of postoperative complications. The endothelial damage markers appeared to be predictors of postoperative complications.
Thermodynamics and Logarithmic Corrections of Symmergent Black Holes
Authors: Ali Riasat , Babar Rimsha , Akhtar Zunaira , Övgün Ali
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we study quantum gravity effect on the symmergent black hole which is derived from quadratic-curvature gravity. To do so, we use the Klein-Gordon equation which is modified by generalized uncertainty principle (GUP). After solving the field equations, we examine the symmergent black hole's tunneling and Hawking temperature. We explore the graphs of the temperature through the outer horizon to check the GUP influenced conditions of symmergent black hole stability. We also explain how symmergent black holes behave physically when influenced by quantum gravity. The impacts of thermal fluctuations on the thermodynamics of a symmergent black holes spacetime are examined. We first evaluate the model under consideration's thermodynamic properties, such as its Hawking temperature, angular velocity, entropy, and electric potential. We evaluate the logarithmic correction terms for entropy around the equilibrium state in order to examine the impacts of thermal fluctuations. In the presence of these correction terms, we also examine the viability of the first law of thermodynamics. Finally, we evaluate the system's stability using the Hessian matrix and heat capacity. It is determined that a stable model is generated by logarithmic corrections arising from thermal fluctuations.
The Impact of Risk Disclosure on the Corporate Social Responsibility of Jordanian Banks
Authors: Mahmoud Mahmoud , Ismail Sawsan , Dahmash Firas , Ghaidan Ezzat , Ahmad Safaa
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact on corporate social responsibility when Jordanian banks disclose risks. The main objective of the study is to investigate the relationship between risk disclosure and corporate social responsibility in the banking sector in Jordan. To achieve this goal, data was collected from 23 Jordanian banks listed on the Amman Stock Exchange (ASE) over a period of 10 years, from 2010 to 2019. The data was analyzed using a regression model with four independent variables that represent the risk disclosure; corporate social responsibility was used as the dependent variable. The study also built in controls for the age of each bank, its size, leverage, and ROE, to ensure that the results were not affected by these factors. The results of the study show that all independent variables are positively correlated with corporate social responsibility. This suggests that disclosing risks is an effective way to improve corporate social responsibility in the banking industry. The findings of this study have important practical implications for bank managers, future researchers, and policymakers. The study also highlights the importance of future research in this field in order to understand the relationship between risk disclosure and corporate social responsibility in other countries and within other sectors of industry.
Treating Depression in Clinical Practice: New Insights on the Multidisciplinary Use of Tradozone
Authors: Albert Umberto , Tomasetti Carmine , Marra Camillo , Neviani Francesca , Pirani Alessandro , Taddeo Daiana , Zanetti Orazio , Maina Giuseppe
Published: February 2023

Depression is estimated to be a leading contributor to the global mental health-related burden. The determinants of this huge prevalence lie in the fact that depressive symptoms may be comorbid in a wide variety of disorders, thus complicating and exacerbating their clinical pictures. This makes the treatment of depressive symptoms even more difficult since many pharmacological and pharmacokinetic interactions should be considered by physicians approaching the therapy. Hence, depression still represents a challenge for both psychiatrists and the other clinicians, in terms of its high rates of relapse and resistance despite well-established protocols. It is also complicated by the well-known latency in its complete response to current antidepressant treatments. In this context, the search for new strategies in antidepressant treatment is mandatory; even including revising the use of “old” pharmacotherapies by considering their specific features may help to perfecting the treatment of depression, both in its standalone psychiatric manifestation and in the framework of other clinical conditions.
The results of a consensus of experts regarding the possible use of trazodone as a valuable strategy for addressing the “real world” unmet needs of depression treatment is herein reported. This is based on the unique characteristics of this drug possibly delivering a rapid antidepressant action as compared to other selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) as well as on its pharmacodynamic malleability and pharmacokinetic tolerability when used in the milieu of other drugs in treating comorbid depressive symptoms.
Modelling Socioeconomic Determinants of Building Fires through Backward Elimination by Robust Final Prediction Error Criterion
Authors: Untadi Albertus , Li Lily D , Li Michael , Dodd Roland
Published: February 2023

Building fires are preventable incidents that have proven to be both deadly and costly. Addressing their root causes will lead to safer neighbourhoods for families and businesses to live and operate in. Multiple studies have established the effect of residents’ socioeconomic compositions on an area’s building fire rates; however, the existing model based on the classical stepwise regression procedure has several limitations. This paper aims to construct a more accurate predictive model of building fire rates based on a set of explanatory socioeconomic variables. In building the socioeconomic model, a backward elimination by Robust Final Predictor Error (RFPE) criterion is proposed to enhance the forecasting capability of the model. The proposed method has been implemented on the census data and the fire incident data of the South East Queensland region in Australia. A cross-validation was then conducted to assess the model’s accuracy. In addition, comparative analyses of other elimination criteria, such as p-value, adjusted R-squared, Akaike’s Information Criterion (AIC), Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) and predicted residual error sum of squared (PRESS), were conducted. The cross-validation analyses demonstrate that the proposed criterion is a more accurate predictive model based on a couple of goodness-of-fit measures. All in all, the RFPE equation was found to be a suitable criterion for the backward elimination procedure in the socioeconomic modelling of building fires.
Web-Based Application Of Population Services In Keboharan Village, Krian – Sidoarjo
Authors: Amwalinsanu Amwalinsanu , Hindarto Hindarto
Published: February 2023

The resident service is obliged to provide protection and recognition of the personal status and legal status of every population event. For this reason, every important event requires every valid evidence to be administered and recorded in accordance with the provisions of the law. Population matters relating to the number of structures, gender, religion, birth, marriage, pregnancy, death, and the quality of the political economy, social, and culture. Population and important events require valid evidence for administration and recording in accordance with the provisions of the law. Population administration is defined as services in the population sector provided by government and non-government officials from the central level to the village or sub-district level, RW and RT. In population administration services, government and non-government officials provide services such as arranging marriage permits, applying for ID cards, certificates, and family cards, and other residence documents.
Design And Construction Of Cabinet Dryer With Variation Of Blower Speed Using Charcoal Combustion On Chilli Plants
Authors: Rosyidi Muhammad , Fahruddin Arasy
Published: February 2023

Indonesia is one of the tropical countries where there are many entrepreneurs engaged in chili farming found in rural areas. Chili is a commodity plant that is in great demand throughout the world and in Indonesia, therefore without good processing or preservation, the quality of chili quickly rots and the price drops in the market. In the chili processing process, it is very dependent on sunlight, but due to the uncertain climate and drying using sunlight, it needs a long and unhygienic process, causing the chili processing process to be hampered. For this reason, the design of a drying system that utilizes heat from burning charcoal is specifically designed to speed up the drying process. This chili drying system utilizes heat from burning charcoal in the furnace and flows hot air into the system with the help of a blower whose speed is varied, namely 6000 Rpm, 4000 Rpm and 2000 Rpm, with variations in the testing capacity scale to determine the tamping power on an efficient rack when this dryer works. After testing the tool, it is known that in a drying time of 30 minutes, the variation is more effective with an even distribution of heat in the system with a maximum blower speed of 100 grams with a drying rate of 20% to 30%.
Analyzing factors influencing wild boar damage and verifying the effect of countermeasures in a regional park located in a mountainous area
Authors: TAMURA Shota , YOKOYAMA Makoto , BAMRUNGKHUL Settawut , NGAMSIRIUDOM Tarnrawee , KATANO Yuki , KANEMOTO Hiroki , CHIBA Yuria , HIRANO Kazuki , MIZUSAWA Katsuya , GOTO Taku , NISHIMURA Jumpei , MATSUURA Michihiro , MIGITERA Tomoya , YAMAGA Riki , ARAKI Ryota , KITAZAWA Masaki , SHIROMOTO Taiki , Isho SOGAME , FUKUDA Momoka , YAMAMOTO Yuki , Tanaka Takahiro
Published: February 2023

In recent years, the habitat distribution of wild boar has expanded in Japan, and the damage caused by wild boar has been significantly increased. In Bingo Sports Park, a regional park, wild boar damage has also been increasingly severe. To take effective measures, it is necessary to understand where wild boars enter the park, how they move through it, and where the damage is caused. Therefore, this study examines both environmental characteristics inside and outside the park and behavioral characteristics of wild boar using drones, sensor technology and GIS, and then clarifies the main factors contributing to wild boar damage based on t-test analysis and logistic regression analysis. In addition, countermeasures such as installing electric fences and repellents were taken, and their effectiveness was verified. There were three main findings. First, the behavioral pattern of wild boars was found to be likely to enter from valleys and usually move on roads in the park. Second, the wild boars tend to cause more damage in areas with more natural land cover and closer to roads and valleys. Third, the countermeasures have a significant effect on reducing wild boar damage since the amount of damage in the multi-purposed field-installed countermeasure was too small.
Hydro-geochemistry and application of water quality index (WQI) for ground water quality assessment, Wadi Al-Samen –Hebron – West Bank
Authors: Al-Tamimi Waseem , Azaza Fadoua Hamzaoui , Ghanem Marwan , Bouhalila Rachida
Published: February 2023

Evaluation of irrigation suitability was performed using parameters of Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), electric conductivity (EC), and Salinity. The results in both rounds for EC showed that all water sources are suitable for irrigation according to Todd’s classification. SAR wasn't found unsuitable in three water resources samples. Wilcox analysis for the two seasons revealed that 85% of samples are not appropriate for irrigation uses.
Located south of the West Bank, Wadi Al-Samen is considered one of the most important sources of groundwater recharge. It is polluted by sewage originating from domestic and industrial consumption in the Hebron area. Water quality assessment is an important criterion for achieving sustainable development. To evaluate water quality, twenty samples were collected from groundwater sources for two seasons; geochemical methods were used for the sample result analysis. To characterize wastewater components, six samples were collected from the Wadi discharge for two seasons.
The results of nitrate levels showed that 20% of the samples exceeded the standard limit of the World Health Organization (WHO).The quality of drinking water was assessed using the Water Quality Index (WQI), which suggests that 10% of samples are classified from poor to very poor.
The abundance of cations from highest to lowest was found to be: Ca; Mg; Na, and for the anions it is HCO3; Cl; SO4. Rock interaction is a hydrochemical method for describing the main mechanisms that govern the chemistry of groundwater. The dominant hydrochemical facies of 35% of collected aquifer samples reveal that Ca-Mg-Na-Cl-HCO3 are in the domain.
MicEMD: An open-source platform for modeling, inversion, and classification in electromagnetic underground metal target detection
Authors: Shi Haodong , Wan Yadong , Zhang Xiaotong , Wang Peng , Wang Xiaofen , Liu Wen
Published: February 2023

Underground metal target detection mainly aims to estimate the attributes of underground metal targets and classify metal targets based on observed data. Electromagnetic induction(EMI) methods have been widely used in the field because of the high precision and strong penetration to metal targets. The development and improvement of electromagnetic underground metal target detection methods can be implemented by a framework that is experimental supporting, modular, and extensible. In this paper, we organize the components of electromagnetic underground metal target detection in a comprehensive, modular and extensible framework. Furthermore, we created an open-source platform of the framework in Python called MicEMD(Modeling, Inversion, and Classification in ElectroMagnetic Detection, https://github.com/UndergroundDetection/MICEMD. The graphical user interface(GUI) and the library with a Python application programming interface(API) are contained in MicEMD. Included in MicEMD are staggered frequency-domain and time-domain electromagnetic forward modeling, least-squares inversion, and data-based classification methods at present. MicEMD's capabilities are presented by two synthetic case studies. The first example shows the application of frequency-domain inversion. The second example shows the application of time-domain classification. It is anticipated that MicEMD offers a flexible tool in electromagnetic underground metal target detection.
RETRACTED: Prevalence of community-acquired pneumonia among adult population in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Seid Abdurezak Mohammed , Tadesse Wondossen , Menza Mesfin , Ahmed Ritbano , Mussema Abdulhakim
Published: February 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Flood Modeling of Imus River Basin, Cavite, Philippines at Different Climate and Land Cover Change Scenarios
Authors: Dizon Jose Carlo R. , Luyun Roger A. , Lampayan Rubenito M. , Dorado Moises A.
Published: February 2023

The Imus River contributes to the flooding in the lowland areas of Cavite province. This study aimed to assess the flood risk of the Imus River Basin at different rainfall and land use change scenarios. The hydrologic model of the upstream basin was developed in Hydrologic Engineering Center (HEC) - Hydrologic Modeling System (HMS) and subjected to calibration and validation. The simulated hydrograph fitted very well with observed data as indicated by the NSE, Percent Bias (PBIAS), and Ratio of Root Mean Square Error (RSR) values of 0.903, -0.0376, and 0.3, respectively during calibration, and 0.818, -0.044, and 0.40, respectively after validation. Sensitivity analysis showed that the storage coefficient had the greatest effect while the initial abstraction had the least effect on the model results. With a constant increase of 2.08% in built-up areas from 2015 to 2025 based on the land cover surveys, the peak discharge increased by 2.33% and runoff volume by 1.86% on average. The downstream hydraulic model was done using in Hydrologic Engineering Center (HEC) – River Analysis System (RAS) and flood maps for normal and climate change-affected conditions were generated to show the extent of flooding. Areas affected by the flood were those situated in the cities of Imus and Bacoor and some portion of the municipality of Kawit.
Terrain Effect of Hainan Island during Intensification of Typhoon Son-Tinh (2012)
Authors: Chen Shumin , Zhou Mingsen , Li Weibiao , Tu Chaoyong , Zhang Aoqi , Chen Yilun
Published: February 2023

When approaching the strait between the Indochinese Peninsula and Hainan Island, a tropical cyclone (TC) could keep intensifying even though underlying air–sea latent heat fluxes are weakening. Typhoon Son-Tinh had a similar behavior in 2012. In this study, we conducted numerical simulations of Typhoon Son-Tinh (2012) using the Weather Research and Forecasting model and examined the terrain effects of Hainan Island during TC intensification. We conducted a control (CTL) experiment, a sensitivity experiment in which the terrain of the entire Hainan Island was removed (WkIsland), and a second sensitivity experiment in which most of the terrain of the island was preserved while the terrain effect of Wuzhi Mountain was reduced (WkMountain). The air–sea variables related to TC intensification, including air–sea latent and sensible heat fluxes, vertical wind shear, and low-layer relative and potential vorticities, over the period of TC intensification were analyzed. Results show that the TC in CTL was generally the strongest; the TC in WkMountain was weaker than that in WkIsland. This is possibly caused by lower relative and potential vorticities in the sensitivity experiments; vorticity in WkMountain was also lower than that in WkIsland. Vorticities decreased when the terrain effect of Wuzhi Mountain was reduced. Vorticities increased slightly when the terrain effect of the entire island was removed because of increase in wind speed. Differences between sensitivity and CTL experiments in other air–sea factors, including latent heat flux, were smaller than those in vorticities.
Endocytosis is regulated through the pH-dependent phosphorylation of Rab GTPases by Parkinson’s kinase LRRK2
Authors: Maxson Michelle , Huynh Kassidy , Grinstein Sergio
Published: February 2023

While it has been known for decades that luminal acidification is required for normal traffic along the endocytic pathway, the precise underlying mechanism(s) remain unknown. We found that dissipation of the endomembrane pH gradient resulted in acute formation of large Rab5- or Rab7-positive vacuoles. Vacuole formation was associated with and required hyperactivation of the Rabs, which was attributable to impaired GTPase activity, despite normal recruitment of cognate GAPs. Surprisingly, LRRK2 –a kinase linked to Parkinson’s disease– was recruited to endomembranes and markedly activated upon dissipation of luminal acidification. LRRK2 phosphorylated Rab GTPases, rendering them insensitive to deactivation. Importantly, genetic deletion of LRRK2 prevented the ∆pH-induced vacuolation, implying that the kinase is required to modulate vesicular traffic. We propose that by dictating the state of activation of LRRK2 and in turn that of Rab GTPases, the development of a progressive luminal acidification serves as a timing device to control endocytic maturation.
In vitro physio and biochemical characterization of salt tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes
Authors: Thamodharan G , Mathankumar P. , Veeramani T.
Published: February 2023

Salt stress induces oxidative damage to the cell by synthesizing reactive oxygen species. Salt-tolerant plants are potentially equipped with some defense mechanisms, such as enzymatic and non-enzymatic anti-oxidant properties. We attempted to characterize the physiochemical properties of the callus to select promising lines of rice at the cellular level under artificial salt stress induced by NaCl in vitro. In this study, we report the highest (19%) embryogenic callus induction frequency in CO 46 at higher NaCl stress (150 mM NaCl). Concerning the relative growth rate of the callus, we observed the highest RGE in BPT5204 and TRY1 suggesting that these could maintain a higher water potential and a fresh mass of the callus to survive salt stress. The genotype TRY 1 had the highest regeneration frequency (35%) in control (0 mM NaCl), but a significant reduction in RF (66%) was observed at 150 mM salt stress. The genotypes CO 50, CR 1009, and BPT-5204 registered the lowest regeneration frequency (6.7%) and produced a moderate number of shoots. Concerning the proline content high proline content in both the tolerant (BPT-5204) and sensitive (CO-46) cultivars was observed. Our result provided unique insight into the anti-oxidant properties of callus culture in rice. The anti-oxidative enzyme activities had increased progressively with increasing NaCl concentration in the medium. Genotypes BPT-5204 and TRY1 had a significant level of enzyme activities even at the highest NaCl treatments. Among the six genotypes, BPT-5204 and TRY1 were better in their performance with respect to the above parameters, which showed the physiological and biochemical homeostasis of the genotypes to salt stress.
Privacy Preservation Models for the Independent Data Release of High-Dimensional Datasets
Authors: Riyana Surapon
Published: February 2023

A major challenge is when datasets are released to utilize in the outside scope of data-collecting organizations, it is how to balance data utilities and data privacies. To achieve this aim in data collection (datasets), there are several privacy preservation models that have been proposed such as k-Anonymity and l-Diversity. Unfortunately, these privacy preservation models can be sufficient to address privacy violation issues in datasets that do not have high-dimensional attributes. For this reason, a privacy preservation model, LKC-Privacy, can address privacy violation issues in high-dimensional datasets to be proposed. With this privacy preservation model, datasets cannot have any concern of privacy violation issues when all L-size distinct quasi-identifier values are distorted (suppressed or generalized) to be at least K indistinguishable tuples. Moreover, every protected sensitive value relates to each group of indistinguishable quasi-identifier values, it must have the confidence of re-identifications to be at most C. Although LKC-Privacy is more efficient and effective than k-Anonymity and l-Diversity, it is generally efficient and effective to address privacy violation issues in location-based datasets. Moreover, we see that datasets satisfy LKC-Privacy constraints, they still have privacy violation issues from using data comparison attacks and they further have data utility issues that must be addressed. Therefore, a new privacy preservation model can address privacy violation issues in high-dimensional datasets such that its satiable released datasets do not have any concern of privacy violation issues from using data comparison attacks and are highly efficient and effective in data maintenance to be proposed in this work. Furthermore, we show that the proposed model is more efficient and effective by using extensive experiments.
MAT: An improved Swin Transformer model for counting cultured fish
Authors: Du Rongxiang , Li Yachao , Wang Zhiyong , Xu Chen , Li Daoliang , Chen Yingyi , Li Wensheng , Liu Chunhong
Published: February 2023

The accurate and automatic counting of cultured fish becomes increasingly important in achieving efficient production management with the expansion of the scale of aquaculture. This study proposed a cultured fish counting model (MAT) based on Multi-column dilated convolution, Attention mechanism and swin Transformer to address the problem of low counting accuracy brought on by high stocking density and complicated environment. The MAT model contains two components: the feature extraction module and the attention module. The feature extraction module is a pyramid-like structured network based on the Swin Transformer block which can integrate feature information from various scales and use patch expanding to accomplish upsampling. The attention module consists of three parallel sets of dilated convolutional blocks in different size and a residual attention structure which are used to extract more critical information from images and generate high-quality density maps. The experimental results showed that the counting accuracy of MAT on the cultured fish dataset was 97.57%, and its mean absolute error (MAE) and the root mean square error (RMSE) were 2.09 and 2.38, respectively. Compared to MCNN and CSRnet, the counting accuracy of the MAT model was improved by 4.48% and 1.22%; MAE lowered by 63.5% and 32.8%; RMSE decreased by 63.5% and 32.8%. Additionally, the density maps generated by MAT were more refined. The proposed model was thus proved to have a high counting accuracy and produced high-quality density maps which can effectively estimate the spatial distribution, regional state and specific location of the fish population.
RNA m6A methylation regulator-mediated modification patterns and tumor microenvironment characterization in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yan Zongcai , Qin Zhenhua
Published: February 2023

Background Mounting evidence has emphasized the relationship between RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation modification and tumor immune regulation. However, the impact of m6A alteration on the characteristics of tumorigenicity, progression, and tumor microenvironment remains to be revealed. Methods In this study, we used a consensus clustering approach to discover m6A modification patterns utilizing 26 m6A regulators in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The ssGSEA algorithm was used to quantify the relative abundance of various immune cells. The Cox regression model with LASSO was performed to construct a multi-gene signature, which was subsequently tested in different HCC cohorts as well as a pan-cancer immunotherapy dataset. Results Two distinct m6A modification subtypes were identified, which were correlated to different clinical outcomes and signaling pathways. Analysis of tumor-infiltrating immune cells revealed that the m6A-C1 had a high proportion of activated CD8+T cells, effector memory CD8+T cells, and a longer survival time. The m6A-C2 was characterized by a relatively high proportion of activated CD4+T cells, type 2 T helper cells, with relatively poor survival. A seven-gene signature was established to assess the risk score of individual patients. Patients in the low-risk group had a higher immunophenoscore and a favorable prognosis. The TIDE score was significantly elevated in the high-risk group, with relatively poor survival. A multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that the risk score was an independent prognostic indicator for assessing overall survival. Conclusions This study emphasizes that m6A methylation modification is significantly related to the progression of HCC and the diversity and complexity of TME. Evaluating the characteristics of m6A modification patterns in individual patients may help to understand the response of HCC to checkpoint immunotherapy and guide personalized immunotherapy strategies for the treatment of HCC.
The Role of Stormwater Best Management Practices in Controlling Waterborne Diseases Across Florida with Special Attention to Environmental Justice
Authors: Kamanmalek Sara , Alamdari Nasrin , Blunt Brenda , Hammond Davyda
Published: February 2023

There has been a growing concern about waterborne disease prevalence, especially in underserved communities. Stormwater best management practices (BMPs) can control surface runoff, and improve water quality by restoring the pre-development hydrologic cycle while providing social, economic, and health benefits. Although stormwater BMPs have been proven to effectively impact runoff quantity and quality, their effectiveness in waterborne disease reduction has not been investigated. In this study, we quantified for the first time the impact of BMPs on reducing waterborne diseases in underserved communities. We developed a geographic information system (GIS) – based framework to create multi-metric vulnerability indices identifying counties’ susceptibility to waterborne diseases considering environmental justice (race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status) and at-risk age groups (under 5 and over 74) in Florida. The most vulnerable counties were then investigated for disease reduction by stormwater BMP implementation. Our findings indicated disproportionate occurrences of waterborne diseases in communities with higher minorities (Hispanics and Nonwhites), at-risk age groups, and low-income populations. Among evaluated BMPs, wetland basin, porous pavement, and retention pond were the most efficient in reducing cases of waterborne diseases with over 80% efficiency. Our findings demonstrate the need for stormwater BMPs that take socioeconomic status and racial diversity into account.
Research and Implementation of Three-Dimensional Spatial Information Characterization and Visualization of Fractures in Deteriorated Sandstone
Authors: Zhang Xin , Zhong Wenwu , Li Tao , Fei Zheng , Wang Zelin , Jiang Lijun , Lang Lin
Published: February 2023

Primary fractures have significant impacts on the stability of surrounding rock in underground projects. Therefore, it is vital to find a solution for the problem of how to perform non-destructive detecting of rocks and extract the internal three-dimensional (3D) data field of rocks for visualization analysis. To address this problem, this paper proposed a method of 3D reconstruction for complex cracks in deteriorated sandstone and developed a program based on MATLAB. This work carried out image recognition on the CT scan images of deteriorated sandstone, then implemented a surface reconstruction technique based on object cross-section information, a contour reconstruction technique based on object contour information, a point cloud reconstruction technique for extracting point cloud data of internal cracks in deteriorated sandstone and a Graphical User Interface (GUI) control system that combines these three reconstruction techniques. The result showed that the 3D reconstruction techniques and the GUI control system proposed in this paper were capable of precisely marking the location of the cracks on a 3D coordinate system and accurately describing their shape with a vector. With only 10 CT scan images, the point cloud reconstruction technique constructed the digital core and the digital core can quantitatively characterize the influence of primary fractures on the stability of surrounding rock. Additionally, the calculated results of the proposed method were very close to that of Avizo. This method realized the visualization and quantitative characterization of the internal structure of rocks and offered a model for analyzing the stress-fracture-seepage field change during excavation.
Identification of dual inhibitors against BACE1 and GSK-3β for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease: An in silico-based approach
Authors: Varshini Magham Sai , Reddy Ramakkamma Aishwarya , Krishnamurthy Praveen Thaggikuppe , Selvaraj Divakar
Published: February 2023

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has no Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved drugs that can halt neurodegeneration. To halt neurodegeneration, targeting the major pathways underlying in AD might be the potential strategy. One such pathways are Amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau pathways which are majorly regulated by β- amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) and Glycogen synthase kinase (GSK-3β) respectively. BACE1 is a crucial enzyme involved in Aβ formation & generation and GSK-3β is one of the major kinases responsible for hyperphosphorylation of tau protein. The present study aimed to identify BACE1 and GSK-3β dual inhibitors by an in silico-based approach. Structure based virtual screening has been carried out by using 7,498 Zinc database molecules against BACE1 (PDB ID: 3TPP), and GSK-3β (PDB ID: 1Q3W). 3 hits against BACE1 have identified in Virtual screening with docking score ranging from -8.03 to -12.07 & glide energy ranging from -50.92 to -53.88 kcal/mol and 3 hits against GSK-3β with a docking score ranging from -10.59 to -10.85 & glide energy ranging from -40.5 to -49.7 kcal/mol. Based on amino acid interactions, docking score, and MMGBSA binding energy with BACE1 and GSK-3β active sites, hit molecule ZINC000034853956 with a docking score of -8.03 & -10.59 and glide energy of -53.27 & -49.7 Kcal/mol was selected. MMGBSA binding energy of ZINC000034853956 to BACE1 is -88.41 kcal/mol and to GSK-3β is -15.46 kcal/mol and found to have better affinity than other hit molecules. Further, Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was performed for the same molecule and MD analysis revealed significant interaction with both the proteins. The present study successfully identified a hit molecule as a BACE1 and GSK-3β dual inhibitor for the treatment of AD.
Possibility for Exploitation and Identification of Rice Yield and Seed Quality Orthologs in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: B Sukrutha , Akkareddy Srividya , Vemireddy Lakshmi Narayana Reddy , AR Nirmal Kumar
Published: February 2023

Background The progress in tagging/mapping of genes in crops likeArabidopsis, rice, maize etc. is far ahead when compared to the major legume cropsviz. groundnut, chickpea, redgram, greengram, soyabean etc., even in the post release period of legume genome sequence databases. This can be attributed mainly to low level of available molecular genetic diversity in these crops. Methods The study of transferability of Rice yield gene tagged markers to Peanut was carried out by employing17 diverse groundnut genotypes. ANOVA revealed significant differences for six yield and seven seed quality traits studied which indicates availability of ample amount of variability among the genotypes. Molecular analysis was conducted to analyse the transferability of known rice yield, grain size and micronutrient content (Fe and Zn) controlling gene tagged markers (GTMs) to peanut by using 45 GTMsthat targets 24 known functional genes. Results Of 45 markers, 31 (76%) were transferable to peanut, denotes very high conservation at functional regions. The extent of amplification of rice GTMs at individual groundnut genotype level was observed from 79.17% for the cultivated varieties (2n = 4x) Nithya Haritha, Greeshma, Prasuna, Kalahasti, Narayani and with a wild genotype,Arachisvillosa(2n = 2x) to 91.67% for Dheeraj variety. The analysis on transferable efficiency of individual rice GTM revealed that 17 markers belong to 14 rice genes showed amplification among all the 17groundnut genotypes (100%) under study. Conclusions Hence, focusing research on the available knowledge of functionally characterized genes of molecular model crops and vast list of annotated orthologous genes present in ‘Omics’ databases, widens the scope to tag the genes at molecular level and thereby to improve the cropslike groundnutthat has meager progress in gene tagging;by pyramiding of desirable genes with high veracity.
The barriers to cervical cancer screening for urban and rural populations in Rwanda
Authors: Dau Hallie , Vidler Marianne , AboMoslim Maryam , Mutamba Barbra , Nesbitt Zoey , Deodatha John , Byiringiro Schadrack Danson , Niyotwiringiye Charles , Mithani Nadia , Nair Varun , Smith Laurie , Rulisa Stephen , Ogilvie Gina
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND
Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality in Rwandan women. There is a limited understanding of the barriers that women face to obtain cervical cancer screening in Rwanda. It is important to understand the barriers in order to implement effective screening programs. The goal of this study is to describe the barriers to cervical cancer screening among women in Rwanda and how they differ among women in rural and urban areas.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study recruited women from June 1 to 9, 2022 at Muhima and Nyamata District Hospitals in Rwanda. Women were eligible for the study if they were ≥ of 18 years and spoke Kinyarwanda or English. Women completed a 15-minute survey which included questions on the participants demographics, knowledge of cervical cancer, cervical cancer screening history, and barriers to healthcare. Women were stratified by survey location (urban vs rural). Descriptive statistics were reported.
RESULTS
A total of 374 women completed the survey with 169 participants from Muhima and 205 from Nyamata. Most women were in a relationship and had a primary school or less education. The most common barriers to accessing general healthcare services was long wait times at the facility, (Muhima 26%; Nyamata 30%), low quality of care, (Muhima 15%; Nyamata 12%) and transportation costs (Muhima 13%; Nyamata 9.3%). However, women from Nyamata were significantly more likely to report distance to the health center as a barrier (p-value <0.001) and women from Muhima were significantly more likely to report transportation method as a barrier (p-value =0.004). The primary reason reported for not obtaining cervical cancer screening was that women did not know how or where to get tested (Muhima 57%; Nyamata 51%).
CONCLUSION
The most common barriers to cervical cancer screening in Rwanda were the quality of clinical care and issues with traveling to the clinic. Implementing a cervical cancer self-collection program could help eliminate many barriers that women face to obtain health services in Rwanda. More research is needed to better understand the acceptability of cervical cancer screening in Rwanda and how it could be integrated into the healthcare system.
A Numerical Study of Radiation Effects of an Unsteady Micropolar Fluid Through Porous Medium With Mhd Boundary Layer Flow Near the Stagnation Point Towards a Shrinking Surface
Authors: RAM SUNDER RAM , bandaru srinitha , salawu SALAWU OLAKUNLE , mohammed shamshuddin pasha
Published: February 2023

This article analyses a numerical study of the radiation effects of an unsteady micropolar fluid through a porous medium with MHD boundary layer flow near the stagnation point towards a shrinking surface. The Roseland approximation for thermal radiation is considered in the modeling of heat transfer. The weighted residual method is applied to derive the numerical solution of non-linear equations. The effects of various involved parameters like Reynolds number, micro rotation parameter, Prandtl number, radiation parameter, and Eckert number on flow and heat transfer are discussed. Further, their effects on Nusselt number and skin friction are also investigated from the physical point of view.
Natural Graphite reinforced with Si@TiO2 core-shell nanoparticles as anode for Li-ion batteries
Authors: Vats Bhavya Nidhi , Gupta Raghvendra , Gupta Amit , Fatima S. , Kumar Deepak
Published: February 2023

Commercial Li-ion batteries rely on anodes made of graphite, but low specific capacity (372 mAh/g) of graphite restricts its usage in high-energy demand applications. Literature suggests that Si has a high specific capacity (4200 mAh/g), but huge volume expansion during the electrochemical process leads to fast capacity decay. This work deals with the development of graphite-based composite material with the potential to be used as an anode. Adopting the structural modification approach and co-utilization strategy, the composite material is developed through graphite reinforcement with the developed core-shell nanoparticles (Si@TiO2). Si@TiO2 nanoparticles are synthesized to develop a thin coating layer (≈ 5 nm) of TiO2 on Si using the peptization technique. The developed materials are characterized using FESEM, EDS, TEM, XPS, and XRD. Further, electrochemical response of the developed composite material is recorded using Cyclic voltammetry (CV), Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and Galvanostatic charge/discharge test (GCD). Compared with graphite, the developed composite anode exhibits improved specific capacity with a small percentage (10%) mixing of core-shell nanoparticles into graphite. The composite anode demonstrates stable electrochemical behavior. The initial specific capacity attains the value of ≈ 657 mAh/g at 1C, and 87% capacity retention has been observed after 100 cycles. Furthermore, developed composite shows good capacity retention at higher C-rate values.
Endoscopy-assisted retrosigmoid craniotomy removal of small vestibular schwannomas: curative tumor removal with preservation of function
Authors: Zhu Jiandong , Gu Jingyu , Sun Song , Zhai WeiWei , Yu Zhengquan , Wu Jiang
Published: February 2023

Background
Three primary treatment modalities exist for small vestibular schwannomas (VSs): wait-and-scan, radiosurgery, and tumor removal. We report the outcomes and preservation of function after retrosigmoid small VS removal with endoscopic assistance and clarify the management paradigm for small VSs.
Methods
Six patients with small VSs who underwent resection through the retrosigmoid approach with endoscope assistance from January 2019 to December 2022 in our department were enrolled in this study. Data on these patients’ age prior to surgery, side of surgery, tumor size, preoperative and postoperative pure tone average, and word recognition scores were acquired, and the surgical outcomes and postoperative complications were evaluated.
Results
The tumor was first removed by a conventional microscopic procedure with the help of neurophysiological monitoring, and then an endoscope was used to find and remove any residual lesions. Gross-total resection was facilitated using an operative endoscope in 5 patients (83%), with additional tumors visible through the endoscope. All patients (100%) had a House-Brackmann facial nerve grade of II or better at the last follow-up. Among the four patients (67%) who had good preoperative hearing, the hearing was preserved in 3 patients and one patient had poor hearing after surgery. Total resections were achieved in all the patients (100%).
Conclusions
As a result of a surgical technique that involves endoscopy-assisted craniotomy with intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring, retrosigmoid removal of small VSs can lead to successful curative tumor removal with excellent functional outcomes. Thus, surgical resection should be the first-line treatment for patients with small VSs who can tolerate surgery.