bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Data from Homeobox Transcription Factor NKX2-1 Promotes Cyclin D1 Transcription in Lung Adenocarcinomas
Authors: Harada Masanori , Sakai Satoshi , Ohhata Tatsuya , Kitagawa Kyoko , Mikamo Masashi , Nishimoto Koji , Uchida Chiharu , Niida Hiroyuki , Kotake Yojiro , Sugimura Haruhiko , Suda Takafumi , Kitagawa Masatoshi
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The known oncogene cyclin D1 (CCND1) participates in progression of the cell cycle from G1 to S-phase. Expression of cyclin D1 is frequently promoted in multiple human cancers including non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, a relationship between cyclin D1 expression and the prognosis of NSCLC has not been confirmed. NKX2-1 is a homeobox transcription factor involved in pulmonary development as a differentiation-promoting factor. In NSCLC, it acts as a metastasis suppressor and correlates with a good prognosis. Here, NKX2-1–binding motifs were identified in the cyclin D1 promoter, but it has not been clarified whether NKX2-1 is involved in cyclin D1 expression in NSCLC. To shed light on this issue, endogenous NKX2-1 was depleted in NSCLC cell lines, which resulted in decreased cyclin D1 mRNA and protein. In contrast, forced overexpression of NKX2-1 increased cyclin D1 levels. Moreover, NKX2-1 directly bound to the cyclin D1 promoter and enhanced its activity. Finally, using human NSCLC clinical specimens, it was determined that both NKX2-1 protein and mRNA were significantly correlated with cyclin D1 expression status in adenocarcinomas. These results indicate that NKX2-1 directly and positively regulates transcription of cyclin D1. Finally, expression of NKX2-1, but not cyclin D1, was significantly associated with metastatic incidence as an independent good prognostic factor of adenocarcinoma.

Implications: NKX2-1–expressing adenocarcinomas, whereas NKX2-1 promoted cyclin D1 expression, may show good prognosis features by the metastasis inhibition potency of NKX2-1 regardless cyclin D1 expression. Mol Cancer Res; 15(10); 1388–97. ©2017 AACR.
Data from SMARCB1 Deficiency Integrates Epigenetic Signals to Oncogenic Gene Expression Program Maintenance in Human Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Chatterjee Shankha Subhra , Biswas Mayukh , Boila Liberalis Debraj , Banerjee Debasis , Sengupta Amitava
Published: April 2023

Abstract
SWI/SNF is an evolutionarily conserved multi-subunit chromatin remodeling complex that regulates epigenetic architecture and cellular identity. Although SWI/SNF genes are altered in approximately 25% of human malignancies, evidences showing their involvement in tumor cell–autonomous chromatin regulation and transcriptional plasticity are limiting. This study demonstrates that human primary acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells exhibit near complete loss of SMARCB1 (BAF47 or SNF5/INI1) and SMARCD2 (BAF60B) associated with nucleation of SWI/SNFΔ. SMARCC1 (BAF155), an intact core component of SWI/SNFΔ, colocalized with H3K27Ac to target oncogenic loci in primary AML cells. Interestingly, gene ontology (GO) term and pathway analysis suggested that SMARCC1 occupancy was enriched on genes regulating Rac GTPase activation, cell trafficking, and AML-associated transcriptional dysregulation. Transcriptome profiling revealed that expression of these genes is upregulated in primary AML blasts, and loss-of-function studies confirmed transcriptional regulation of Rac GTPase guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) by SMARCB1. Mechanistically, loss of SMARCB1 increased recruitment of SWI/SNFΔ and associated histone acetyltransferases (HAT) to target loci, thereby promoting H3K27Ac and gene expression. Together, SMARCB1 deficiency induced GEFs for Rac GTPase activation and augmented AML cell migration and survival. Collectively, these findings highlight tumor suppressor role of SMARCB1 and illustrate SWI/SNFΔ function in maintaining an oncogenic gene expression program in AML.

Implications: Loss of SMARCB1 in AML associates with SWI/SNFΔ nucleation, which in turn promotes Rac GTPase GEF expression, Rac activation, migration, and survival of AML cells, highlighting SWI/SNFΔ downstream signaling as important molecular regulator in AML. Mol Cancer Res; 16(5); 791–804. ©2018 AACR.
Data from Cancer Stem Cell Phenotypes in ER+ Breast Cancer Models Are Promoted by PELP1/AIB1 Complexes
Authors: Truong Thu H. , Hu Hsiangyu , Temiz Nuri A. , Hagen Kyla M. , Girard Brian J. , Brady Nicholas J. , Schwertfeger Kathryn L. , Lange Carol A. , Ostrander Julie H.
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Proline, glutamic acid, leucine-rich protein 1 (PELP1) is overexpressed in approximately 80% of invasive breast tumors. PELP1 dynamically shuttles between the nucleus and cytoplasm, but is primarily nuclear in normal breast tissue. However, altered localization of PELP1 to the cytoplasm is an oncogenic event that promotes breast cancer initiation and progression. Herein, interacting partners unique to cytoplasmic PELP1 and the mechanisms by which these interactions promote oncogenic PELP1 signaling were sought. AIB1 (amplified in breast cancer 1; also known as SRC-3 or NCOA3) was identified as a novel binding partner of cytoplasmic PELP1 in both estrogen receptor–positive (ER+) and ER-negative cell lines. Cytoplasmic PELP1 expression elevated basal phosphorylation levels (i.e., activation) of AIB1 at Thr24, enhanced ALDH+ tumorsphere formation, and upregulated specific target genes independently of hormone stimulation. Direct manipulation of AIB1 levels using shRNA abrogated cytoplasmic PELP1-induced tumorsphere formation and downregulated cytoplasmic PELP1-specific target genes. SI-2, an AIB1 inhibitor, limited the PELP1/AIB1 interaction and decreased cytoplasmic PELP1-induced tumorsphere formation. Similar results were observed in a murine-derived MMTV-AIB1 tumor cell line. Furthermore, in vivo syngeneic tumor studies revealed that PELP1 knockdown resulted in increased survival of tumor-bearing mice as compared with mice injected with control cells.

Implications: These data demonstrate that cytoplasmic PELP1/AIB1–containing complexes function to promote advanced cancer phenotypes, including outgrowth of stem-like cells, associated with estrogen-independent breast cancer progression. Mol Cancer Res; 16(4); 707–19. ©2018 AACR.
Data from LINC00152 Promotes Invasion through a 3′-Hairpin Structure and Associates with Prognosis in Glioblastoma
Authors: Reon Brian J. , Takao Real Karia Bruno , Kiran Manjari , Dutta Anindya
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) are increasingly implicated in oncogenesis. Here, it is determined that LINC00152/CYTOR is upregulated in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and aggressive wild-type IDH1/2 grade 2/3 gliomas and upregulation associates with poor patient outcomes. LINC00152 is similarly upregulated in over 10 other cancer types and associates with a poor prognosis in 7 other cancer types. Inhibition of the mostly cytoplasmic LINC00152 decreases, and overexpression increases cellular invasion. LINC00152 knockdown alters the transcription of genes important to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). PARIS and Ribo-seq data, together with secondary structure prediction, identified a protein-bound 121-bp stem-loop structure at the 3′ end of LINC00152 whose overexpression is sufficient to increase invasion of GBM cells. Point mutations in the stem-loop suggest that stem formation in the hairpin is essential for LINC00152 function. LINC00152 has a nearly identical homolog, MIR4435-2HG, which encodes a near identical hairpin, is equally expressed in low-grade glioma (LGG) and GBM, predicts poor patient survival in these tumors, and is also reduced by LINC00152 knockdown. Together, these data reveal that LINC00152 and its homolog MIR4435-2HG associate with aggressive tumors and promote cellular invasion through a mechanism that requires the structural integrity of a hairpin structure.

Implications: Frequent upregulation of the lncRNA, LINC00152, in glioblastoma and other tumor types combined with its prognostic potential and ability to promote invasion suggests LINC00152 as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target. Mol Cancer Res; 16(10); 1470–82. ©2018 AACR.
Supplementary Data File 1 from Perceived Appropriateness of Assessing for Health-related Socioeconomic Risks Among Adult Patients with Cancer
Authors: Vu Milkie , Boyd Kelly , De Marchis Emilia H. , Garnache Bridgette G. , Gottlieb Laura M. , Gross Cary P. , Lee Nita K. , Lindau Stacy Tessler , Mun Sophia , Winslow Victoria A. , Makelarski Jennifer A.
Published: April 2023

Survey Questions and Coding Instructions
Real-time microreaction recognition system
Authors: Wu Yi-Chang , Liu Yao-Cheng , Huang Ru-Yi
Published: April 2023

This study constructed a real-time microreaction recognition system that can give real-time assistance to investigators. Test results indicated that the number of frames per second (30 or 190); angle of the camera, namely the front view of the interviewee or left (+45°) or right (−45°) view; and image resolution (480 or 680 p) did not have major effects on the system’s recognition ability. However, when the camera was placed at a distance of 300 cm, recognition did not always succeed. Value changes were larger when the camera was placed at an elevation 45° than when it was placed directly in front of the person being interrogated. Within a specific distance, the recognition results of the proposed real-time microreaction recognition system concurred with the six reaction case videos. In practice, only the distance and height of the camera must be adjusted in the real-time microreaction recognition system.
Position control of AX-12 servo motor using proportional-integral-derivative controller with particle swarm optimization for robotic manipulator application
Authors: Al Tahtawi Adnan Rafi , Putri Fina Sonia , Martin Martin
Published: April 2023

This study proposes a control method for servo motor position using a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller with particle swarm optimization (PSO). We use an AX-12 servo motor that is commonly used for robotic manipulator applications. The angular position of the servo motor will be controlled using the PID control method with PSO as a controller gain optimizer. Firstly, the transfer function model of the servo motor is generated using open-loop model identification. Then, the integral error of the closed-loop system is used as PSO input in producing PID controller gain. As an objective function of the PSO algorithm, the integral time absolute error (ITAE) index performance is used. The proposed controller was tested and compared with PID with the Ziegler-Nichols (ZN) method. We also conduct the hardware experiment using Arduino Uno as a microcontroller using one AX-12 servo motor on the base joint of the manipulator robot. Based on the simulation result, the PID-PSO controller can achieve the best control response performance if compared to PID-ZN with a rise time is less than 0.5 s, a settling time of fewer than 8 s, and an overshoot under 1.2%. The effectiveness of the proposed PID-PSO controller is also validated by hardware experimental results.
Pick-and-place application using a dual arm collaborative robot and an RGB-D camera with YOLOv5
Authors: Kijdech Dumrongsak , Vongbunyong Supachai
Published: April 2023

Nowadays, many industries use robots and cameras in tandem to detect specific objects and perform specific tasks. However, misdetection can occur due to inconsistencies in lighting, background, and environment. In order to address the aforementioned issues, this study proposes using a dual arm six-degree-of-freedom (6-DoF) collaborative robot, ABB YuMi, and red, green, blue-depth (RGB-D) camera with YOLOv5 in a pick-and-place application. In order to prepare the dataset, the images are collected and labeled. The dataset has been trained with the YOLOv5 machine learning algorithm. It has taken on the role of weight for real-time detection. When RGB images from a camera are sent to YOLOv5, data pertaining to the bottle’s position x-y and color are extracted from the depth and color images. The position of the robot is used to control its movement. There are three parts to the experiment. To begin, YOLOv5 is tested with and without trained images. Second, YOLOv5 is tested with real-time camera images. Finally, we assume that YOLOv5 has perfect detection and grasping ability. The results were 95, 90, and 90%.
Visão de mundo e projeto de busca espiritual: o ethos de praticantes do yoga e Vedanta
Authors: Bastos Cecilia Guimarães
Published: April 2023

Descrevo neste artigo o ethos de brasileiros que estudam Vedanta na Índia. Para compreender suas experiências, investigo a cosmovisão vedantina, cujas práticas, especialmente as de meditação e yoga, são recorrentes e acompanham o estudo de textos sagrados hindus, sendo então incorporadas a seus estilos de vida. Minha análise baseia-se na articulação entre a realização de estudos na Índia e as significativas transformações que ocorrem não apenas em seus estilos de vida, mas em suas visões de mundo. O objetivo é destacar a existência e o significado de algumas dessas transformações, que chegam a causar uma “mudança de paradigmas” (uma categoria “nativa”) – algo tão intenso que pode os levar a reavaliar seus mais profundos sentimentos. Examino então essas transformações como consequência de seus projetos de busca espiritual.
Dor em afecções reumatológicas
Authors: Romano Miriam Aparecida , Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen , Oliveira Priscila Rosalba de
Published: April 2023

Dores músculo-esqueléticas são comuns. Os autores apresentam descrições simples e objetivos das mais prevalentes condições reumatológicas associadas à dor. Destacam a importância epidemiológica das osteoartroses, artrites e das condições periarticulares.
Fisiopatologia da dor músculo-esquelética
Authors: Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen , Yeng Lin Tchia , Kaziyama Helena Hideko Seguchi , Ramos Carolina Anunciação
Published: April 2023

Dor decorrente das afecções músculo-esqueléticas é muito freqüente em todas as faixas etárias. Músculos, fásciasmusculares, articulações, ligamentos, tendões, periósteo, bursas sinoviais e enteses são ricamente inervados, o que justifica a ocorrência de dor quando sofrem lesões traumáticas, inflamatórias, isquêmicas, tumorais e ou sobrecargas funcionais. Mecanismos centrais e periféricos estão envolvidos na gênese e manutenção dos mecanismos dolorosos. Entre as várias condições clínicas a síndromedolorosa miofascial é uma das mais relevantes. Várias teorias foram propostas para justificá-la, todas enfatizando o papel dos estressores físicos e ou emocionais na geração da condição. O conhecimento da fisiopatologia da dor músculo-esquelética é importante para o diagnóstico e terapêutica dessas afecções.
Gut Microbiota–Derived Trimethylamine N-Oxide Contributes to Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Through Inflammatory and Apoptotic Mechanisms
Authors: Benson Tyler W. , Conrad Kelsey A. , Li Xinmin S. , Wang Zeneng , Helsley Robert N. , Schugar Rebecca C. , Coughlin Taylor M. , Wadding-Lee Caris , Fleifil Salma , Russell Hannah M. , Stone Timothy , Brooks Michael , Buffa Jennifer A. , Mani Kevin , Björck Martin , Wanhainen Anders , Sangwan Naseer , Biddinger Sudha , Bhandari Rohan , Ademoya Akiirayi , Pascual Crystal , Tang W.H. Wilson , Tranter Michael , Cameron Scott J. , Brown J. Mark , Hazen Stanley L. , Owens A. Phillip
Published: April 2023

Background:

Large-scale human and mechanistic mouse studies indicate a strong relationship between the microbiome-dependent metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and several cardiometabolic diseases. This study aims to investigate the role of TMAO in the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and target its parent microbes as a potential pharmacological intervention.

Methods:

TMAO and choline metabolites were examined in plasma samples, with associated clinical data, from 2 independent patient cohorts (N=2129 total). Mice were fed a high-choline diet and underwent 2 murine AAA models, angiotensin II infusion in low-density lipoprotein receptor–deficient (

Ldlr
−/−

) mice or topical porcine pancreatic elastase in C57BL/6J mice. Gut microbial production of TMAO was inhibited through broad-spectrum antibiotics, targeted inhibition of the gut microbial choline TMA lyase (CutC/D) with fluoromethylcholine, or the use of mice genetically deficient in flavin monooxygenase 3 (

Fmo3
−/−

). Finally, RNA sequencing of in vitro human vascular smooth muscle cells and in vivo mouse aortas was used to investigate how TMAO affects AAA.

Results:

Elevated TMAO was associated with increased AAA incidence and growth in both patient cohorts studied. Dietary choline supplementation augmented plasma TMAO and aortic diameter in both mouse models of AAA, which was suppressed with poorly absorbed oral broad-spectrum antibiotics. Treatment with fluoromethylcholine ablated TMAO production, attenuated choline-augmented aneurysm initiation, and halted progression of an established aneurysm model. In addition,

Fmo3
−/−

mice had reduced plasma TMAO and aortic diameters and were protected from AAA rupture compared with wild-type mice. RNA sequencing and functional analyses revealed choline supplementation in mice or TMAO treatment of human vascular smooth muscle cells–augmented gene pathways associated with the endoplasmic reticulum stress response, specifically the endoplasmic reticulum stress kinase PERK.

Conclusions:

These results define a role for gut microbiota–generated TMAO in AAA formation through upregulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress–related pathways in the aortic wall. In addition, inhibition of microbiome-derived TMAO may serve as a novel therapeutic approach for AAA treatment where none currently exist.
Artist in a child
Authors: Melik-Pashaev Alexander A. , Novlyanskaya Zinaida N.
Published: April 2023

Background. We relevance of this article is primarily due to the fact that the potential of artistic development of children is greatly underestimated in pedagogical practice. We authors presume that a person is initially giXed with “inner activity of the soul” (V.V. Zenkovsky) — the creative potential in some general, non-specialized form — and the desire to actualize it in life. From this perspective, the child is considered as a creative being by nature, as a carrier of the creative potential, oXen manifested as artistic creativity. Objective. We authors strive to draw attention to various prerequisites of artistic development, which children of sensitive age are endowed with. At the same time, two aspects of artistic giXedness diYer: individual and age-wide or generic. We article discusses the latter. Results. Psychological prerequisites associated with the recognized achievements of children from senior preschool to primary school age in various types of artistic creativity are considered. Wese prerequisites include the so-called children’s animism, understood as a willingness to treat everything in the world as living and related to oneself. Artistic creativity is also associated with interest and emotional responsiveness to a variety of sensory impressions, which are much less typical for older age. SpeciZcs of children’s imagination — the ability to directly express feelings in a Zgurative form — is regarded as another psychological prerequisite for achievements in artistic creativity. We main focus of the work is on children’s play as an early form of creative potential manifestation, in which the child’s readiness for productive artistic creativity develops. From this point of view, the stages of the development of children’s play are consistently considered. At each of the stages a special kind of prerequisites for future artistic creativity is formed. Wese stages include a subject game, a plot-role-playing game, a dramatization game, and a “lonely” director’s game, psychologically the closest to the real work of an artist-author. For each stage, recommendations are given concerning the participation of an adult in the child’s game. Moreover, the most productive or, on the contrary, undesirable forms of adult participation are described from the perspective of the child’s artistic development. Conclusions. We materials of the article allow us to assert that a full gaming experience is an important condition for the successful artistic development of a child. We task of an adult participant in the game is to meet the child’s play initiative, contributing to its fullest expression in cultural forms.
E.O. Smirnova on moral education of children
Authors: Burlakova Irina A.
Published: April 2023

Background. Nowadays the issues of child upbringing have acquired special importance, which makes it crucial to update psychological and pedagogical research on the problem of personality development, to analyze and rethink theory and practice of forming ethical behavior in preschoolers, to search for solutions to the most challenging issues of moral development of children. Objective. [e article is devoted to E.O. Smirnova’s approach to the problem of upbringing in preschool, which was presented in her few works in the beginning of the 2000’s. Results. E.O. Smirnova’s views on the psychological foundations of moral education of preschoolers are based on the theoretical provisions of M.I. Lisina about the dual basis of interpersonal relationships between children — the object and the subject. Genuine moral behaviour is conditioned by the predominance of the subjective basis in the relationship to a peer, which is based on the perception of the other as a self-valuable person. [e balance between the two bases or the predominance of the subjective basis in interpersonal relations serves as the foundation for ethical behavior, but not for moral one. According to the views of E.O. Smirnova, in this case, children tend to follow ethical norms and rules, though only in speci\c situations when their behavior can be positively evaluated by peers or adults. Such ethical behavior is aimed at self-a]rmation of the child and increase in their self-esteem. Subject attitude towards a peer contributes to the transfer of ethical norms and rules into the real behaviour of the child. Following rules acquires the character of value: child cannot act otherwise. As L.S. Vygotsky wrote: “[e one who does not notice that he is acting morally acts morally.” Conclusions. [e theoretical approach to the problem of moral behavior in preschoolers served the basis for experimental work carried out under the guidance of E.O. Smirnova. [e study proved that to ensure genuine moral behavior the sense of communion and fellowship with others should become central issue in the upbringing of children. [is process involves removing \xation on themselves and their assessments, i.e., forming subjective attitude towards peers and adults. Practical application of the results. [e obtained results were used in practical work — a correctional and developmental programme aimed at providing a “special vision of the other” through the experience of living within a community and involvement with each other in real interaction was developed. Elena Olegovna Smirnova’s idea about the formation of subjective relationships as the main psychological condition of moral education might expand the possibilities of this approach application and extend it beyond the interpersonal relationships of children and their interaction with other people. “[e understanding of moral behavior is extremely expanding, because we acquire the right to talk not only about moral behavior in the narrow sense of the word, but also about the moral attitude to things, to oneself, to one’s body, etc.” (L.S. Vygotsky).
Effect of cross-sex hormones on the quality of life in transgenders
Authors: Kumchenko Sergey K. , Tkhostov Alexander Sh. , Rasskazova Elena I.
Published: April 2023

Background. There is an increase in demand for transgender transition, which is connected with social causes, as well as the possibilities of modern medicine. One of the stages includes hormone replacement therapy (HRT). There is no clear opinion on the effect of HRT on subjective well-being of transsexuals. A controversial point is the ambiguous effect of HRT. Objective. To compare the effect of HRT on the subjective quality of life of transgender and compare the results with other stages of transgender transition, as well as with a control group with cisgender people. Methods. The anonymous questionnaire includes the life satisfaction scale (Osin, Leontiev, 2008), and the Kuhn test “Who am I?” modified by A. Tkhostov, E. Rasskazova, V. Emelin (2014). ANOVA is used in the SPSS 23 program. Sample. Control group included 120 cisgender people. Research group consisted of 151 transsexuals. The main group is divided by gender (MtF — Male-to-Female; FtM — Female-to-Male) and the stage of transgender transition. Results. All transsexuals at the HRT stage demonstrate a low significance of self-identification in the “Who am I?” test (P < 0.001), which is not observed at other stages of gender correction. HRT has diametrically different effects on MtF and FtM. MtFs demonstrate low subjective quality of life (P < 0.001) and low social recognition scores (P < 0.001), while FtM — on the contrary. Conclusion. The stage of hormone replacement therapy in transsexuals is associated with a revision of identity, in which old self-identities lose relevance, and new ones have not yet been found. Perhaps the uncertain and crisis nature of such a psychological situation is the reason for the ambiguous effect of hormone therapy on the subjective quality of life of transsexuals in many scientific publications.
Psychological characteristics of the safety culture of oil refinery workers
Authors: Kuzmin Andrey Yu. , Rodionova Elena A.
Published: April 2023

Background. Sustainability and safety of production processes are a priority for organizations operating in potentially hazardous areas of production and service. To promote a safe work style and maintain the stability of processes, the concept of a safety culture (SC) is actively used. The problem of involving employees to safety issues brings up the aspects of engagement, motivation and values. Objective. The research aims to study the relationship between psychological characteristics of employees (involvement, motivation and values) and level of safety culture in the organization. Sample. The sample consists of 96 people who are operators of oil refining units at one of the largest oil-refineries in Russia. Methods. UWES-scale (V. Schaufelli, A. Becker) in the adaptation of D. Kutuzova; “Organizational engagement” (V. Dominyak, T. Tatarinova); Safety culture questionnaire (L. Goryunova, V. Kozlov), “Aspirations index” in the adaptation of M. Patrikeeva were used to collect the data. Results. The overall level of work engagement showed high positive correlations with such components of safety culture as trust, personal responsibility, discipline, and involvement in safety. Significant connections were found between engagement in the organization processes and the evaluation of a number of SC components. It is shown that employees with higher rate of internal aspirations are characterized by a higher SC score. A factor analysis of the SC components was carried out to outline the factors of individual SC, group SC and the attitude to uncertainty. Conclusion. Research reveals the role of employee engagement and their motivation in safety development. The results of the study can be used in the work of HR services, occupational safety specialists, heads of departments.
Diversity of cave-dwelling pseudoscorpions from Guizhou in China, with the description of twenty-four new species of the genus Tyrannochthonius (Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae)
Authors: HOU YANMENG , FENG ZEGANG , ZHANG FENG
Published: April 2023

Twenty-four new Tyrannochthonius species from twenty-eight karst caves of Guizhou are described, including detailed diagnosis and illustrations: T. acutus sp. nov. from Gazuida Cave (Kaili City), T. altus sp. nov. from Shenren Cave (Hezhang County), T. arificus sp. nov. from Hei Cave (Anlong County), T. babaowanensis sp. nov. from Babaowan Cave (Yinjiang County), T. breviculus sp. nov. from Yanjia Cave (Libo County), T. brevispinus sp. nov. from Jingua Cave (Danzhai County), T. duo sp. nov. from Liangfeng Cave (Jiangkou County), T. gracilis sp. nov. from Xianren Cave (Hezhang County), T. hispidus sp. nov. from Qilin Cave (Jianhe County), T. infirmus sp. nov. from Liujiadadong Cave (Pu’an County), T. latus sp. nov. from Zimu Cave (Panzhou City), T. maculosus sp. nov. from Daxiao Cave (Xingren City), T. multicavus sp. nov. from Xiaohui Cave & Weier Cave (Pingtang County) and Da Cave & Qixia Cave (Luodian County), T. multidentatus sp. nov. from Guanyin Cave (Fenggang County) and Anjialin Cave (Sinan County), T. nanxingensis sp. nov. from Feng Cave (Panzhou City), T. oblongus sp. nov. from Houzi Cave (Huaxi District), T. parcidentatus sp. nov. from Daniu Cave (Dafang County), T. pictus sp. nov. from Gaoluo Cave and Cangjun Cave (Dushan County), T. pinguis sp. nov. from Zharou Cave (Ziyun County), T. planus sp. nov. from Yanggong Cave (Sandu County), T. qilinensis sp. nov. from Qilin Cave (Jianhe County), T. quattuor sp. nov. from Guanjiadadong Cave (Dafang County), T. umidus sp. nov. from Da Cave (Wudang District), and T. yanshanensis sp. nov. from Yanshan Cave (Wuchuan County). An identification key to all known Tyrannochthonius species from China is also provided.
Evaluating Model Fit of Measurement Models in Confirmatory Factor Analysis
Authors: Goretzko David , Siemund Karik , Sterner Philipp
Published: April 2023

Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) are often used in psychological research when developing measurement models for psychological constructs. Evaluating CFA model fit can be quite challenging, as tests for exact model fit may focus on negligible deviances, while fit indices cannot be interpreted absolutely without specifying thresholds or cutoffs. In this study, we review how model fit in CFA is evaluated in psychological research using fit indices and compare the reported values with established cutoff rules. For this, we collected data on all CFA models in Psychological Assessment from the years 2015 to 2020 [Formula: see text]. In addition, we reevaluate model fit with newly developed methods that derive fit index cutoffs that are tailored to the respective measurement model and the data characteristics at hand. The results of our review indicate that the model fit in many studies has to be seen critically, especially with regard to the usually imposed independent clusters constraints. In addition, many studies do not fully report all results that are necessary to re-evaluate model fit. We discuss these findings against new developments in model fit evaluation and methods for specification search.
The individual empowerment Index (IEI): A new approach for empowerment measures
Authors: Kinkingninhoun Medagbe Florent Mahoukede , Floquet Anne , Mujawamariya Gaudiose , Mongbo Roch Lambert
Published: April 2023

Over the last three decades, many research works have been conducted to define and measure the complex and composite concept of empowerment. However, an individual empowerment tool is still needed, to be applied for any disadvantaged group, women, youths (male or female), poor, etc., or any economic sector, and which can be more suitable for rigorous impact assessment studies. This paper contributes to the growing empowerment literature by providing a new multi-domain, survey-based empowerment measurement tool, the individual empowerment index (IEI). The IEI is unique in its characterization and construction. It combines individual empowerment scores in six empowerment domains: production, household livelihood, resources, income, leadership, and time allocation. It is a flexible and survey-based empowerment parameter that can be generated at individual, household community or country levels, or for any target social category. The IEI is constructed through a specific methodology based on a scale survey with an ordinal variable principle and a general process for construction of domain indicators. A key advantage of the IEI is that different household members (even husband and wife) can have different IEIs and statuses. Findings from applying the IEI approach to data collected from 1120 West-African lowland rice farmers show that lowland rice farmers globally achieved on average 71% of their full empowerment potential with only 40% of them found to be globally empowered. Female farmers were found to have lower control over their lives and were less than male farmers to be empowered. IEI estimates and comparison between WIEI and other women empowerment indexes estimates show reasonable correspondence despite the difference in the methodology and can hold for the validity of the IEI. The new IEI is a suitable tool and is recommended for quantitative and rigorous impact assessment and monitoring of programs and projects empowerment indicators.
Synthetic Aperture Ultrasound Imaging through Adaptive Integrated Transmitting-Receiving Beamformer
Authors: Rostamikhanghahi Hasti , Sakhaei Sayed Mahmoud
Published: April 2023

Synthetic aperture (SA) technique is very attractive for ultrafast ultrasound imaging, as the entire medium can be insonified by a single emission. It also permits applying the dynamic focusing as well as adaptive beamforming both in transmission and reception, which results in an enhanced image. In this paper, we firstly show that the problem of designing the transmit and receive beamformers in SA structure can be formulated as a problem of designing a one-way beamformer on a virtual array with a lateral response equal to that of the two-way beamformer on SA. It is also demonstrated that the length of the virtual aperture is increased to the sum of the transmit aperture length and the receive one, which can result in an enhanced resolution. Moreover, a better estimation of the covariance matrix can be obtained which can be utilized for applying adaptive minimum variance (MV) beamforming method on the virtual array, and consequently the resolution and contrast properties would be enhanced. The performance of the new method is compared with other existing MV-based methods and is quantified by some metrics such as the full width at half maximum (FWHM) and generalized contrast to noise ratio (GCNR). Our validations on simulations and experimental data have shown that the new method is capable of obtaining higher GCNR values while retaining or decreasing FWHM values almost all the time. Moreover, for the same subarray length for estimating the covariance matrices, the computational burden of the new method is significantly lower than those of the existing rival methods.
Chronic Inhalation Exposure to Antimony Trioxide Exacerbates the MAPK Signaling in Alveolar Bronchiolar Carcinomas in B6C3F1/N Mice
Authors: Ton Thai-Vu T. , Hong Hue-Hua L. , Kovi Ramesh C. , Shockley Keith R. , Peddada Shyamal D. , Gerrish Kevin E. , Janardhan Kyathanahalli S. , Flake Gordon , Stout Mathew D. , Sills Robert C. , Pandiri Arun R.
Published: April 2023

Antimony trioxide (AT) is used as a flame retardant in fabrics and plastics. Occupational exposure in miners and smelters is mainly through inhalation and dermal contact. Chronic inhalation exposure to AT particulates in B6C3F1/N mice and Wistar Han rats resulted in increased incidences and tumor multiplicities of alveolar/bronchiolar carcinomas (ABCs). In this study, we demonstrated Kras (43%) and Egfr (46%) hotspot mutations in mouse lung tumors (n = 80) and only Egfr (50%) mutations in rat lung tumors (n = 26). Interestingly, there were no differences in the incidences of these mutations in ABCs from rats and mice at exposure concentrations that did and did not exceed the pulmonary overload threshold. There was increased expression of p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) (Erk1/2) protein in ABCs harboring mutations in Kras and/or Egfr, confirming the activation of MAPK signaling. Transcriptomic analysis indicated significant alterations in MAPK signaling such as ephrin receptor signaling and signaling by Rho-family GTPases in AT-exposed ABCs. In addition, there was significant overlap between transcriptomic data from mouse ABCs due to AT exposure and human pulmonary adenocarcinoma data. Collectively, these data suggest chronic AT exposure exacerbates MAPK signaling in ABCs and, thus, may be translationally relevant to human lung cancers.
MMR markers correlate with clinical outcome in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Yamauchi Takuro , Fujishima Fumiyoshi , Tsunokake Junichi , Kunimitsu Atsushi , Akaishi Ryujiro , Ozawa Yohei , Fukutomi Toshiaki , Okamoto Hiroshi , Sato Chiaki , Taniyama Yusuke , Kamei Takashi , Ichinohasama Ryo , Sasano Hironobu
Published: April 2023

Background

The DNA mismatch repair system is one of the defense mechanisms in the body, and the inactivation of mismatch repair plays a pivotal role in secondary carcinogenesis and progression. However, the significance of mismatch repair in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has not been established. In this study, we explored the diagnostic and prognostic significance of mismatch repair markers, mutL homologue 1 (MLH1), post-meiotic segregation increased 2 (PMS2), mutS homologue 2 (MSH2), and mutS homologue 6 (MSH6), in patients with ESCC.

Methods

We used a notation based on the proportion of immunoreactivity/expression for immunohistochemistry (PRIME notation), which allows the comparison of mismatch repair expression by assigning a score to PRIME notation. MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, and MSH6 were examined immunohistochemically in 189 surgically resected ESCC specimens.

Results

A total of 100/189 patients with ESCC (53%) received preoperative chemotherapy. The rates of ESCC cases with decreased mismatch repair status were 13.2%, 15.3%, 24.8%, and 12.6% for MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, and MSH6, respectively. The decreased status of individual mismatch repair markers was significantly correlated with worse prognosis in patients with ESCC. Additionally, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2 were significantly associated with response to preoperative chemotherapy. Multivariate analysis revealed that MLH1, PMS2, and MSH2 are independent prognostic factors.

Conclusion

Our results suggest that mismatch repair is a prognostic biomarker for ESCC and could contribute to the selection of appropriate adjuvant therapy for patients with ESCC.
Experiment and simulation research on cold pressing of multi-pass TC4 hollow blade with low melting point mandrel and flexible tenon
Authors: Lei Jiang , Hongyu Wang , Menghan Liu , Yuan Zhuang , Hao Lv , Deming Yang , Naibao Huang , Jie Sun , Shunhu Zhang
Published: April 2023

Blades are widely used in aerospace, navigation, new energy, and other fields. The blades with hollow structure can not only reduce the weight of the engine and centrifugal force, but also improve the working efficiency and the service life. Though the mechanical properties of blades will be improved during plastic deformation, the hollow structure may be severely destroyed. In this paper, experiments of pressing hollow blades filled with a low melting point (LMP) mandrel are designed. Experimentally, when the LMP alloy is used both as a mandrel material and as a flexible tenon for the blade, the blade can be formed accurately with a well-maintained hollow structure. In addition, the LMP alloy is used as a flexible tenon in the experiment, which can lock some degrees of blade freedom to a certain extent. After the multi-pass pressing, both the forming defect and spring back of the blade can be reduced.
Role of calibration in uncertainty-based referral for deep learning
Authors: Zhang Ruotao , Gatsonis Constantine , Steingrimsson Jon Arni
Published: April 2023

The uncertainty in predictions from deep neural network analysis of medical imaging is challenging to assess but potentially important to include in subsequent decision-making. Using data from diabetic retinopathy detection, we present an empirical evaluation of the role of model calibration in uncertainty-based referral, an approach that prioritizes referral of observations based on the magnitude of a measure of uncertainty. We consider several configurations of network architecture, methods for uncertainty estimation, and training data size. We identify a strong relationship between the effectiveness of uncertainty-based referral and having a well-calibrated model. This is especially relevant as complex deep neural networks tend to have high calibration errors. Finally, we show that post-calibration of the neural network helps uncertainty-based referral with identifying hard-to-classify observations.
Hideo Fukumi: Medical research in the shadow of biological warfare
Authors: Dong Xianliang
Published: April 2023

Hideo Fukumi (1914–1998) is renowned for his position as the director of Japan's National Institute of Health and his scientific contributions to the fields of bacteriology, virology and epidemiology. This article introduces Fukumi's career cultivated over decades in the Japanese national medical system and focuses on his research on Shigella, Salmonella and influenza. Yet any assessment of his career also has to take into account the considerable controversy and scandal it engendered. This necessary reassessment situates Fukumi's contribution within what has been revealed of Japan's biological weapons programme which reached its zenith during the Second World War. Very few scientists, including Fukumi, were prosecuted for their roles in this programme. Contrarily, they became core personnel in post-war medical research due to the patronage of the United States–Japan alliance in the context of the Cold War. Controversies that later surfaced over Fukumi's role in influenza immunisation campaigns reflect two currents of debate: A belated reckoning with Japan's use of biological weapons and the way this was ‘normalised’ and overlooked in the post-war period. The role of Japanese scholars and citizens’ movements who have interrogated Japanese war crimes and the U.S. cover-ups and made a demand for greater ethical transparency in medical science.
Gemcitabine-associated DRESS syndrome: A case report
Authors: Bayram Ertugrul , Toyran Tugba , Paydas Semra
Published: April 2023

Introduction

Gemcitabine is a well-tolerated pyrimidine antimetabolite chemotherapeutic that is increasingly utilized to treat non-small cell lung carcinoma, breast, pancreatic, and urogenital cancers. Myelosuppression is a common side effect and skin rashes can be observed. We discuss a case of the exceedingly rare DRESS syndrome, which appeared following Gemcitabine treatment.

Case report

A 60-year-old patient with pancreatic cancer and liver metastases received therapy with Gemcitabine as a single agent. Fever, itching, and redness started to be reported on the third day of receiving Gemcitabine treatment. The patient's diffuse maculopapular rash steadily got worse, leading to hospitalization.

Management and outcome

In the patient's physical examination, a high fever, hepatomegaly, and a diffuse macular papular rash were detected, an increase in eosinophils in the complete blood count and peripheral blood. A skin biopsy was performed. It was determined that the patient had Gemcitabine-associated DRESS syndrome. Antihistamines and local steroids were administered. On the fifth day following treatment, skin lesions and eosinophilia decreased.

Discussion

The most common cause of DRESS syndrome, a disorder marked by extensive skin eruption, fever, eosinophilia, and systemic symptoms, is medication use. Infections including HHV-6, EBV, and CMV can occasionally be the reason. Gemcitabine is one of the medications that is frequently used in cancer, and a case was provided because the literature review did not mention Gemcitabine-related DRESS syndrome.
Safety Assessment of Eucalyptus globulus (Eucalyptus)-Derived Ingredients as Used in Cosmetics
Authors: Becker Lillian C. , Akinsulie Alice , Bergfeld Wilma F. , Belsito Donald V. , Hill Ronald A. , Klaassen Curtis D. , Liebler Daniel C. , Marks James G. , Shank Ronald C. , Slaga Thomas J. , Snyder Paul W. , Heldreth Bart
Published: April 2023

This is a safety assessment of 6 Eucalyptus globulus (eucalyptus)-derived ingredients as used in cosmetics. The reported functions of the Eucalyptus globulus (eucalyptus)-derived ingredients include abrasive, fragrance ingredient, and skin-conditioning agent (miscellaneous and occlusive). The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety (Panel) reviewed the relevant data on these ingredients. Because final product formulations may contain multiple botanicals, each containing the same constituents of concern, formulators are advised to be aware of these constituents and to avoid reaching levels that may be hazardous to consumers. Industry should use good manufacturing practices to limit impurities. The Panel concluded that Eucalyptus globulus (eucalyptus)-derived ingredients are safe in cosmetics in the present practices of use and concentration described in this safety assessment when formulated to be non-sensitizing.
Classification and regression-based convolutional neural network and long short-term memory configuration for bridge damage identification using long-term monitoring vibration data
Authors: Yessoufou Fadel , Zhu Jinsong
Published: April 2023

Considerable attention has recently been focused on classification and regression-based convolutional neural network (CNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM) due to their excellent performance in capturing complex spatial and temporal information characteristics for structural damage identification. However, few studies have considered structural damage identification as a classification and regression problem. In addition, bridges in practical engineering are vulnerable to various environmental and vehicle loading conditions. Hence, this study proposed a new two-stage CNN–LSTM configuration for bridge damage identification using vibration data considering the influence of temperatures. First, a classification-based CNN–LSTM is designed to perform multiclass damage detection tasks, and then a regression-based CNN–LSTM is developed for damage localization and severity prediction tasks. The performance of the proposed damage identification method was evaluated through a simulation dataset of a concrete highway bridge model and a field experiment dataset of Z24-bridge (Switzerland). In addition, a set of statistical evaluation metrics such as sparse categorical cross-entropy loss, accuracy, confusion matrix, mean squared loss, mean absolute error, mean absolute percentage error, and coefficient of determination were used to compare the damage identification performance of the proposed CNN–LSTM configuration with a regular CNN model and conventional machine learning (ML) algorithms. Prediction results indicate that the proposed CNN–LSTM model outperforms the regular CNN model and conventional ML algorithms for bridge damage identification.