bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
1000-Element Silicon Optical Phased Array for Aliasing-Free 2D Optical Beam Steering
Authors: Liu Yong , Meng Xiansong , Hu Hao
Published: September 2022

We experimentally demonstrated a 1000-element silicon optical phased array based on a slab grating and half-wavelength-spacing waveguide array. A large beam steering range of >140° and a small beam divergence of 0.16° were achieved.
Achieving Near-Intrinsic Exciton Linewidth at Room Temperature in Monolayer WS2 Coupled with a Mie Resonator
Authors: Fang Jie , Yao Kan , Zheng Yuebing
Published: September 2022

Strong multiparticle interactions at room temperature (RT) lead to broadened homogeneous exciton linewidths in 2D semiconductors, degrading the quality of excitonic mode and emission. By coupling a Mie resonator with monolayer WS2, we achieve narrowed linewidths at RT, approaching the theoretical limit at 0 Kelvin.
Creation Distribution and Sorting of Multimode Correlated Photons in a Multimode Fiber
Authors: Sulimany Kfir , Bromberg Yaron
Published: September 2022

We use spontaneous four wave mixing to generate multimode photon pairs in a few-mode fiber. We show the photons are correlated in the fiber mode basis using a 1km long all-fiber mode sorter.
Efficient Simulation of Broadband Non-Gaussian Quantum Optics Using Matrix Product States
Authors: Yanagimoto Ryotatsu , Ng Edwin , Wright Logan G. , Onodera Tatsuhiro , Mabuchi Hideo
Published: September 2022

We realize efficient full-quantum simulations of pulse propagation in highly nonlinear waveguides using matrix product states. As a demonstration, we study the quan-tum dynamics of an optical soliton, highlighting the emergence of non-Gaussian quantum features.
Producing multiple qubits via spontaneous parametric down-conversion
Authors: Buldt Finn , Heitert Phillip , Bassène Pascal , N’Gom Moussa
Published: September 2022

We have designed Gaussian masks to subdivide the pump beam before passing it through a BBO. In this way, present an approach to possibly produce multiple entangled photon pairs through spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC).
Quantum-Inspired Superresolution for Multiple Incoherent Optical Point Sources
Authors: Qi Luo , Tan Xiaojie , Chen Lianwei , Ng Kenneth Y. W. , Danner Aaron J. , Tsang Mankei
Published: September 2022

We report a superresolution experiment based on SPLICE. We observe a worst-case error 41 times below the diffraction limit with two sources and > 24 dB signal-to-noise ratios for semiparametric estimation with multiple sources.
All-optical switching of infrared light on a lithium niobate/semiconductor interface
Authors: Karvounis Artemios , Weigand Helena , Vogler-Neuling Viola Valentina , Grange Rachel
Published: September 2022

We use photo-excited charges on a lithium niobate/semiconductor interface to perform reversible all-optical control of infrared light. Upon, below bandgap illumination it is recorded transmission contrast of 80% due to the build-up of a space-charge.
Bounds on the Coupling Strengths of Communication Channels and Their Information Capacities
Authors: Kuang Zeyu , Miller Owen D.
Published: September 2022

We present a shape-independent bound on the coupling strengths of communication channels between two domains, which establishes the maximal number of effective channels and maximal information capacity between domains of any shape.
Subwavelength optical waveguiding via inverse designed deformation of reflective surface
Authors: Elizarov Maxim , Fratalocchi Andrea
Published: September 2022

We demonstrate subwavelength waveguiding device based on the artificial material with ultra-high refractive index. Material is engineered through the deformation of reflective substrate via transformation optics approach which allows to achieve arbitrary refractive index distribution.
Reconfigurable Metalenses based on Antimony Trisulfide (Sb2S3) Phase Change Material
Authors: Padmanabha Siddharth , Oguntoye Isaac O. , Frantz Jesse , Myers Jason , Bekele Robel , Clabeau Anthony , Nguyen Vinh , Sanghera Jasbinder , Escarra Matthew D.
Published: September 2022

We design and fabricate reconfigurable antimony trisulfide (Sb2S3) cylindrical metalenses. Simulation results show focusing efficiencies of 72.85% and 79.7% for focal lengths of 3.5cm and 5cm at a wavelength of 750nm. Experimental verification is underway.
Overcoming Losses in Plasmonic Metamaterials Through Excitation of a Volume Collective Mode
Authors: Ben-Haim Danielle , Ellenbogen Tal
Published: September 2022

We study plasmonic metamaterials sustaining collective volume interactions that exhibit strong optical response with substantially low losses. These findings pave the way toward realization of functional low-loss linear and nonlinear plasmonic metamaterials.
Control of Femtosecond Laser Filamentation and Supercontinuum Generation in Liquids Using Neural Networks
Authors: Konstantakis Panagiotis , Dufour Paul E. , Manousidaki Maria , Koulouklidis Anastasios D. , Tzortzakis Stelios
Published: September 2022

We demonstrate controllable spectral shaping of supercontinuum radiation through intense femtosecond laser filamentation in ethanol. Neural networks are shown to predict robust results even under the presence of high-order nonlinearities and noise.
Ultrabroadband Simulation of Nonlinear Optical Processes with Finite Element Time Domain Methods
Authors: Margenberg Nils , Kärtner Franz X. , Bause Markus
Published: September 2022

We investigate simulation of complex nonlinear optical processes. A mathematical model and numerical simulation techniques are developed. They are used to elucidate THz generation in periodically poled Lithium Niobate (PPLN) including optical harmonic generation.
High Purcell Factor Single-Photon Emitter based on Extreme Dielectric-Confinement GaAs-on-Insulator Waveguides
Authors: Zhou Yueguang , Wang Yujing , Yvind Kresten , Gregersen Niels , Pu Minhao
Published: September 2022

We theoretically investigate the potential of the extreme mode-confinement waveguides for single-photon sources. Confining light far below the diffraction limit in a V-groove GaAs-on-insulator waveguide, we enhance the Purcell factor by a factor of eight.
Fine-structure absorption spectroscopy of singly-ionized 77Se deep-donors in silicon for chip-scale spin-photon interfaces
Authors: Sarihan Murat Can , Coumans Michael , Huang Jiahui , Liu Wei , Tang Ke , Jiang Hong-Wen , Pomeroy Joshua M. , Bouchard Louis-Serge , Wong Chee Wei
Published: September 2022

We examine and identify mid-infrared transitions of 77Se+ deep-donors in silicon via absorption spectroscopy. The optically-accessible Se nuclear spins, with potentially long coherence, can serve as on-chip spin-photon interfaces for quantum communications and repeater architectures.
Heterogeneous integrated quantum dot for wavelength-tunable quantum emitters
Authors: Lee Mireu , Song Jin-Dong , Kim Je-Hyung , Kim Sanghyeon , Ko Young-Ho
Published: September 2022

The heterogeneous integrated quantum dot with piezoelectric material was fabricated for wavelength tunable quantum emitters. The integrated structure effectively generated local strain with applying voltage, resulting in wavelength tunable single photon emission and adjusting fine-structure splitting for entangle photon pair generation.
Enhancing stimulated Raman excitation and two-photon absorption by entangled light
Authors: Svidzinsky Anatoly , Agarwal Girish , Classen Anton , Sokolov Alexei V. , Zheltikov Aleksei , Zubairy M. Suhail , Scully Marlan O.
Published: September 2022

We find that stimulated Raman excitation of an atom by a two-photon pulse can be enhanced by orders of magnitude if the photons are simultaneously frequency correlated and spatially anti-correlated. That is correlated photon pair must have an inherent time delay between its constituent photons.
A Spatial Light Modulator Based on an Electro Optical Polymer
Authors: Fröch Johannes E. , Whitehead James , Fang Zhuoran , Manna Arnab , Elder Delwin , Hammond Scott , Johnson Lewis E. , Dalton Larry , Majumdar Arka
Published: September 2022

We design and fabricate an electro optical spatial light modulator based on a Fabry Perot resonator utilizing a fast switchable integrated organic polymer layer, where the phase response can be tuned on a subwavelength scale.
Minimum ranging time for a LiDAR module using CMOS single-photon avalanche diodes
Authors: Chen Po-Hsuan , Liu Chun-Hsien , Hsiao An-Tai , Tsou Yu , Fang Yu-Chieh , Ko Li-Chih , Tsai Hui-Chen , Tsai Chia-Ming , Sang Tzu-Hsien , Lin Gray , Guo Jiun-In , Hsiao Bo-Jen , Lin Sheng-Di
Published: September 2022

Single-point minimum integration time (Tmin) is a core parameter for LiDAR. We demonstrate a method to theoretically evaluate Tmin with given signal/noise levels. It excellent consistence with the experiment from our CMOS SPAD LiDAR.
Fabrication Tolerant Inverse Design Grating Couplers for Scalable Trapped Ion Quantum Computing
Authors: Klawson Daniel , Shirao Mizuki , Mouradian Sara , Wu Ming C.
Published: September 2022

A fabrication tolerant Si grating coupler for 1.762 µm operation is optimized with inverse design, allowing for −30 dB crosstalk between a pair of 133Ba+ trapped ion qubits within expected fabrication variation.
Silicon Nitride Waveguide Polarization Components for Rubidium Saturated Absorption Spectroscopy On-Chip
Authors: Gallacher Kevin , Griffin Paul F. , Riis Erling , Sorel Marc , Paul Douglas J.
Published: September 2022

A silicon nitride waveguide polarization rotator and polarization beam splitter that operate with a polarization extinction ratio close to 30 dB at the rubidium atomic transition of 780 nm wavelength are demonstrated.
AutoML Hyperparameter Tuning of Generative DNN Architecture for Nanophotonic Device Design
Authors: Koike-Akino Toshiaki , Kojima Keisuke , Wang Ye
Published: September 2022

We introduce an automated machine learning (AutoML) framework to construct a deep neural network model relevant for inverse design of nanophotonic devices without relying on manual trial-and-error hyperparameter tuning.
Exploiting Atomic Nature of the Interface for Controlling Mode Coupling in Microresonators
Authors: Ji Xingchen , Gil-Molina Andres , Lipson Michal
Published: September 2022

We show the ability to control the degree of mode coupling in high quality factor silicon nitride (Si3N4) microresonators by controlling the atomic nature of the resonators interface.
Generation of Sub-20 fs Pulses at 2 µm via Degenerate Optical Parametric Amplification
Authors: Keller K. R. , Budweg A. , Allerbeck J. , Brida D.
Published: September 2022

We present a compact two-stage optical parametric amplifier that implements ultrabroad phase-matching at degeneracy driven by a ytterbium-based laser, enabling the generation of sub-20 fs pulses at 2 µm with µJ pulse energy.
Sub-GHz Resolution Dynamic Line-by-Line Pulse Shaper at 1 µm
Authors: Lee Dahyeon , Nakamura Takuma , Metcalf Andrew J. , Quinlan Franklyn
Published: September 2022

We present a sub-GHz resolution programmable pulse shaper at 1064 nm capable of fine phase control of ~30 mrad steps and >30 dB amplitude control range. Line-by-line shaping of a 3 GHz comb is demonstrated.
Multiscale Numerical Modeling for Near-Field Microwave Impedance Microscopy
Authors: Tami Diego , Ohlberg Douglas A. A. , Ramirez Jhonattan C. , do Rego Cássio Gonçalves , Medeiros-Ribeiro Gilberto
Published: September 2022

In this work, we analyzed numerically a multiscale nanosystem based on sMIM on TBG. Spontaneous formation of a water-meniscus by the approximation between the tip-sample concentrates the microwave fields, reaching resolutions of up to 1nm.
Fiber Sensing Using Higher-Order Spatial Modes and the Orbital Angular Momentum of Light
Authors: Wang Yifan , Heffernan Brendan M. , Zohrabi Mo , Farrell Julia , Siemens Mark E. , Gopinath Juliet T.
Published: September 2022

We demonstrate a fiber sensor, based on optical orbital angular momentum (OAM), for measuring temperature. Two higher-order modes in polarization maintaining fiber are combined to produce OAM that varies with phase between the modes.
A compact dual-comb fiber laser based on a mechanical sharing cavity configuration
Authors: Nakajima Yoshiaki , Yumoto Takumi , Matsubara Shinichi , Tokizane Yu , Yasui Takeshi
Published: September 2022

We demonstrate a compact, mechanical-sharing dual-comb fiber laser based on an all-polarization-maintaining configuration and a micro-optic-component of saturable absorber mirror. This setup realizes a high relative stability with a standard deviation of 0.6 Hz.
Experimental Demonstration of Quantum Deliberate Signal Randomization for Y-00 Quantum Noise Stream Cipher
Authors: Futami Fumio , Tanizawa Ken , Kato Kentaro
Published: September 2022

Deliberate signal randomization (DSR) driven by quantum random numbers is proposed for enhancing security. PSK Y-00 cipher with the quantum DSR is demonstrated at 5 Gbit/s, indicating secure transmission is achievable at high optical powers.
Stretched pulse generation from a simple and novel PM-NPE linear fiber laser
Authors: Liu Xuanyi , Ye Feng , Li Qian , Fu H. Y.
Published: September 2022

Stretched pulses with 36.8-nm bandwidth are directly generated from a simple and novel linear fiber laser mode-locked by nonlinear polarization evolution in polarization-maintaining fibers, which is suitable for optical frequency comb applications.
Vertical Growth Models Outperform Effective Medium Models in Analyzing VO2 Phase Transition
Authors: Zheng Zihang , Sun Kai , Du Yuxin , Muskens Otto L. , de Groot Cornelis H. , Fang Xu
Published: September 2022

We propose vertical growth models as a numerical method to analyze the phase transition in vanadium dioxide thin films, and show that they can outperform effective medium models in predicting temperature-dependent linear optical properties.
A study of stochastic phase noise in white light generation
Authors: Maingot Benjamin , Chériaux Gilles , Forget Nicolas , Jullien Aurélie
Published: September 2022

White-light spectral interferometry quantifies the stochastic phase noise acquired during white light generation in bulk crystals. Spectrally-resolved energy-to-phase transfer coefficients are extracted and jitter-free operating points are identified.
Global Net-gain Characterization of Monolithically Integrated Waveguide Amplifiers
Authors: Mu Jinfeng , Dijkstra Meindert , García-Blanco Sonia
Published: September 2022

Global net-gain characterization is presented for the monolithically integrated Al2O3:Er3+-Si3N4 amplifiers by comparing the amplified signal to the output of the passive reference waveguides, showing good agreement with the conventional signal enhancement method.
Speckle Reduction by Frequency Compounding in 1.7 μm Optical Coherence Tomography using Tunable Quasi-Supercontinuum Laser Source
Authors: Chen Y. , Yamanaka M. , Kitajima S. , Nishizawa N.
Published: September 2022

Speckles in OCT hinder visibility of fine-scale structures. We demonstrated speckle reduced OCT imaging using 1.7 μm tunable Quasi-supercontinuum fiber laser source, and the improvement of image contrast in deep tissue imaging was successfully confirmed.
Reinforcement Corrosion Detection by Using Fiber Bragg Grating based Sensors
Authors: Jamal Laiq , Ahmad Shamsad , Qureshi Khurram Karim
Published: September 2022

The corrosion effect on the steel bar in reinforced concrete is one of the major issues for the durability of concrete throughout the world. The service life of each type of building structure is severely damaged by reinforcement corrosion, which results in billions of dollars annually in repair and maintenance. Therefore, evaluating and monitoring the corrosion of steel bars embedded in reinforced concrete in terms of safety and maintenance is the main theme of this paper. The rust layer initiated on steel bars causes expansion and concrete cracking of cover due to swelling pressure (tensile stress) inside the concrete. The loss of bond and cross-section results in the loss or destruction of load sustaining and defraying capacity of the corroding structural members.
Fish-Lateral-Line-Inspired Flexible Optical Sensor for Versatile Underwater Sensing
Authors: Li Liangye , Sheng Shunfeng , Liu Yunfei , Chen Junfeng , Song Changying , Sun Qizhen
Published: September 2022

We present a flexible silica-polymer composite optical fiber (SPCOF) inspired by fish lateral lines for underwater perception. The unique movement status of robotic fish and hydroacoustic signal with frequency of 100 Hz are detected.
Enhancement of Color Conversion Efficiency of A High-Concentration Quantum-Dot-Converted LED with Collagen Encapsulating Materials
Authors: Lin Guan-Teng , Huang Chung-Ping , Yang Jhen-Jia , Huang Yu-Ming , Kuo Hao-Chung , Lin Chien-Chung
Published: September 2022

The CQD with collagen device can increase CCE by 7.15% higher than the PDMS device. The thermal results show that the areal surface temperature can be reduced in the CQD mixed with collagen package.
Silicon-on-Insulator Couplers for SDM Transmission
Authors: Pita Julian L. , Alvarenga Rafael , Rocha Lucas , Yang Jun , Kocabaş Şükrü Ekin , Li Ming-Jun , Aldaya Ivan , Dainese Paulo , Gabrielli Lucas H.
Published: September 2022

We present two CMOS-compatible couplers with record-high efficiency for bridging chips and fibers exploiting spatial division multiplexing. The maximum coupling efficiencies to a few-mode and a 7-core fibers were −3.0 dB and −4.3 dB, respectively.
129 MW, Sub-ps, 206 nm All-solid-state Deep-ultraviolet Pulse Generation Driving by 1μm Yb:YAG Laser
Authors: Ran Qiandong , Yeo Joel , Tan Alvin , Li Hao , Wang Qi Jie , Zhang Ying
Published: September 2022

We demonstrate an all-solid-state deep-ultraviolet (DUV) laser delivering 0.8 W, 80 µJ, ~582 fs, 206 nm pulses with peak power of 129 MW from a 1030 nm Yb:YAG laser at a 10 kHz repetition rate.
Manipulating optical field of a microcavity by tailoring phase space
Authors: Qian Yan-Jun , Liu Hui , Cao Qi-Tao , Kullig Julius , Rong Kexiu , Qiu Cheng-Wei , Wiersig Jan , Gong Qihuang , Chen Jianjun , Xiao Yun-Feng
Published: September 2022

We propose to manipulate the optical mode of a microcavity by tailoring its phase space, through which the photon transport can be precisely controlled, resulting in on-demand engineering of far-field emission patterns with experimental verifications.
Low-noise Narrow-linewidth Brillouin Random Fiber Laser with Dynamic fiber grating
Authors: Pang Yuxi , Xu Yanping , Zhao Xian , Qin Zengguang , Liu Zhaojun
Published: September 2022

A low-noise Brillouin random fiber laser with narrow linewidth is realized by incorporating an unpumped Erbium-doped fiber loop which acts as a dynamic fiber grating capable of center-frequency auto-tracking, mode filtering, and lasing stabilization.
Ultrafast Photoexcited Molecular Dynamics of Metalated Porphyrin – Napthalimide Based Donor-Acceptor Systems
Authors: Ahmed Md Soif , Biswas Chinmoy , Banerjee Dipanjan , Bhavani Botta , Prasanthkumar S. , Giribabu Lingamallu , Soma Venugopal Rao , Raavi Sai Santosh Kumar
Published: September 2022

Ultrafast excited state molecular relaxation dynamics of two porphyrin-napthalimide molecular systems in donor–acceptor configuration, have been studied using femtosecond transient absorption measurements upon pumping the Soret bands of the porphyrins with 400 nm excitation.
Tailor-made 3D Vectorial Optical Fields in Simple Media
Authors: Aborahama Yousuf , Mojahedi Mo
Published: September 2022

A general framework for designing vectorial optical fields based on Maxwell’s is proposed. This approach is then verified experimentally by generating various beams; for example, a beam that propagates in free space and splits into two branches having orthogonal polarization states.
Few-mode self-similar pulse compression in photonic crystal fibers
Authors: Wu Dan , Mei Chao , Yuan Jinhui , Yan Binbin , Sang Xinzhu , Wang Kuiru , Zhou Xian , Long Keping
Published: September 2022

We numerically investigate few-mode self-similar pulse compression in photonic crystal fibers. Simulation shows three copropagating modes can be compressed self-similarly with deviation < 5% when input pulses are longer than 3.58 ps.
NIR Combined with Raman for Non-destructive Discrimination of Rice Samples
Authors: Dai Yuanfeng , Wang Boran , Guo Guangzhi , Dai Zuoxiao
Published: September 2022

We demonstrate a mid-level data fusion method for non-destructive discrimination of rice samples using support vector machines based on near infrared and Raman data with an accuracy of 100%.
A femtosecond laser two-photon polymerization for generation of Mathieu-Gauss beams
Authors: Wang Jue , Cai Chengkun , Fu Tianhao , Wang Jian
Published: September 2022

Ultra-compact Mathieu phase plates were fabricated using femtosecond laser-induced two-photon polymerization. The generated Mathieu-Gauss beam shows good quality and is propagation-invariant up to 800 mm.
A magnetic field tunable Zero-Index-Metamaterial
Authors: Yan Yucong , Liu Yueyang , Qin Jun , Deng Longjiang , Li Yang , Bi Lei
Published: September 2022

We report a magnetic tunable structure consists of YIG nanorods. Applied magnetic field leading to a tunable band gap from 0 to 0.67 GHz, effective refractive index from 0 to 0+0.09i at 9 GHz frequency.
A compact setup for broadband polarization tomography
Authors: Yuan Yujia , Venuturumilli Sai S. , Li Michael , Kuru Sema , Anderson Paul , Al Maruf Rubayet , Semnani Behrooz , Bajcsy Michal
Published: September 2022

We describe an automated setup for broadband polarization tomography that can be used for measuring birefringence and chirality of metasurfaces, photonic crystal slabs, and other complex optical elements.
Graded-Index medium profiles associated with curvature and conformal maps
Authors: Cabral Luis A. , Lucizani Angelo C. , Capistrano Abraão J.
Published: September 2022

We consider a comparison of the curved space geodesics with the eikonal in a GRIN medium. We relate aspects of the analog curvature to the conformal maps useful for a transformed virtual medium.
Multichannel phase sensitive amplification in periodically poled thin-film lithium niobate waveguides
Authors: Zhang Xiang , Wei Junjie , Li Yajie , Yun Zhiqiang , Liu Shiyuan , Liu Jiamin , Zeng Cheng , Dong Xiaowen , Xia Jinsong
Published: September 2022

In this work, we experimentally demonstrate multichannel phase sensitive amplification in periodically poled thin-film lithium niobate waveguides, achieving 4.6 to 9.6 net gain and 7.8 to 11.8 dB extinction ratio.
Novel Data-Processing Method for High-Resolution Spectrally Steered LiDAR using Dispersion-Tuned Swept Laser
Authors: Zhang Zheyuan , Zhang Chao , Shirahata Takuma , Yamashita Shinji , Set Sze Y.
Published: September 2022

We demonstrate a novel signal-processing method for spectrally-steered LiDAR using DTSL for 3D imaging at >10 kHz. The proposed method gives ranging-resolution of <100 μm, which is 3-4 times better than conventional AMCW methods.
Spectral compression of biphotons using time-varying cavities for quantum networking
Authors: Myilswamy Karthik V. , Weiner Andrew M.
Published: September 2022

We propose and analyze the use of linear, time-variant cavities for spectral compression of broadband frequency correlated photon pairs, with potential applications in quantum networking. Our time-varying cavity relies on rapid electro-optic switching of input coupling to the cavity.
Image Differentiation with Incoherent Light Using Angle-Sensitive Plasmonic Photodetectors
Authors: Liu Jianing , Wang Hao , Kogos Leonard C. , Li Yuyu , Li Yunzhe , Tian Lei , Paiella Roberto
Published: September 2022

We use specially designed plasmonic photodetectors to develop a new method for image differentiation that can produce edge-enhanced images without external optical elements and under incoherent illumination, unlike traditional optical spatial filters.
Co-infection of the four major Plasmodium species: Effects on densities and gametocyte carriage
Authors: Holzschuh Aurel , Gruenberg Maria , Hofmann Natalie E. , Wampfler Rahel , Kiniboro Benson , Robinson Leanne J. , Mueller Ivo , Felger Ingrid , White Michael T.
Published: September 2022

Background

Co-infection of the four major species of human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum (Pf), P. vivax (Pv), P. malariae (Pm), and P. ovale sp. (Po) is regularly observed, but there is limited understanding of between-species interactions. In particular, little is known about the effects of multiple Plasmodium species co-infections on gametocyte production.

Methods

We developed molecular assays for detecting asexual and gametocyte stages of Pf, Pv, Pm, and Po. This is the first description of molecular diagnostics for Pm and Po gametocytes. These assays were implemented in a unique epidemiological setting in Papua New Guinea with sympatric transmission of all four Plasmodium species permitting a comprehensive investigation of species interactions.

Findings

The observed frequency of Pf-Pv co-infection for asexual parasites (14.7%) was higher than expected from individual prevalence rates (23.8%Pf x 47.4%Pv = 11.3%). The observed frequency of co-infection with Pf and Pv gametocytes (4.6%) was higher than expected from individual prevalence rates (13.1%Pf x 28.2%Pv = 3.7%). The excess risk of co-infection was 1.38 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.09, 1.67) for all parasites and 1.37 (95% CI: 0.95, 1.79) for gametocytes. This excess co-infection risk was partially attributable to malaria infections clustering in some villages. Pf-Pv-Pm triple infections were four times more frequent than expected by chance alone, which could not be fully explained by infections clustering in highly exposed individuals. The effect of co-infection on parasite density was analyzed by systematic comparison of all pairwise interactions. This revealed a significant 6.57-fold increase of Pm density when co-infected with Pf. Pm gametocytemia also increased with Pf co-infection.

Conclusions

Heterogeneity in exposure to mosquitoes is a key epidemiological driver of Plasmodium co-infection. Among the four co-circulating parasites, Pm benefitted most from co-infection with other species. Beyond this, no general prevailing pattern of suppression or facilitation was identified in pairwise analysis of gametocytemia and parasitemia of the four species.

Trial registration

This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, Trial ID: NCT02143934.
Spotting what’s important: Priority areas, connectivity, and conservation of the Northern Tiger Cat (Leopardus tigrinus) in Colombia
Authors: González-Maya José F. , Zárrate-Charry Diego A. , Arias-Alzate Andrés , Lemus-Mejía Leonardo , Hurtado-Moreno Angela P. , Vargas-Gómez Magda Gissella , Cárdenas Teresa Andrea , Mallarino Victor , Schipper Jan
Published: September 2022

Leopardus tigrinus is among the least known carnivore species in the Neotropics, including considerable taxonomic uncertainty. Here we model the distribution, connectivity and overlap with existing conservation areas for the species in Colombia. Using a Species Distribution Modeling approach, we estimated current potential range of the species in Colombia and identified potential habitat blocks remaining in the country. In addition, we designed a connectivity network across the available cores, using a circuit theory approach, to evaluate habitat linkage. Finally, we defined a prioritization scheme for the remaining habitat cores and assessed the level of coverage of protected areas for the country. L. tigrinus is potentially present across the three Andean branches of Colombia, with still considerable continuous habitat cores, mostly located on the eastern and central Andean ranges. Most habitat cores are theoretically connected, but nearly 15% are isolated. Priority areas were located across the eastern and central ranges, but with very significant and promising cores in the northern eastern and western ranges. Current level of protection indicates nearly 30% of the range is “protected”, but only about 25% is under national strict protected areas. Evolution of this coverage showed some periods of significant increase but interestingly the number of cores grew at a faster rate than overall proportion protected, likely indicating numerous discontinuous fragments, and not contiguous functional landscapes. This represents the most updated assessment of the distribution and conservation status for the species in Colombia, and indicates the numerous conservation opportunities, especially in most populated areas of the country. We found unique business environmental passive’s opportunities, including compensation and development potential, which are becoming more available in the country.
How to effectively control vertical collusion in bidding for government investment projects-Based on fsQCA method
Authors: Ma Chongsen , Chen Yun , Zhu Wenxi , Ou Liang
Published: September 2022

The impact of collusion during the bidding processes of Chinese government investment projects is a major concern in academic and policy circles, as collusion breeds corruption and destroys the credibility of governments. Furthermore, it negatively impacts successful project completion, leading to cost overruns and the illegitimate enrichment of colluding agents, regardless of the intended social benefits. Using data from 166 selected regional policy implementations as the research sample, this paper uses the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis method to conduct a group analysis of typical cases. The purpose of this study is to identify and better understand the cooperative regional policy implementation environments in China and to identify effective methods to improve the governance quality of collusion controls in construction investment project bidding processes. Five key control paths are identified, covering 94% of the cases. It is also found that in lower social collusion situations, reasonable market competition regulations can directly reduce collusive behavior. The research results will help the government to formulate more adaptive control policies and promote high-quality development of government investment projects.
New strategies for characterizing genetic structure in wide-ranging, continuously distributed species: A Greater Sage-grouse case study
Authors: Oyler-McCance Sara J. , Cross Todd B. , Row Jeffery R. , Schwartz Michael K. , Naugle Dave E. , Fike Jennifer A. , Winiarski Kristopher , Fedy Brad C.
Published: September 2022

Characterizing genetic structure across a species’ range is relevant for management and conservation as it can be used to define population boundaries and quantify connectivity. Wide-ranging species residing in continuously distributed habitat pose substantial challenges for the characterization of genetic structure as many analytical methods used are less effective when isolation by distance is an underlying biological pattern. Here, we illustrate strategies for overcoming these challenges using a species of significant conservation concern, the Greater Sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus), providing a new method to identify centers of genetic differentiation and combining multiple methods to help inform management and conservation strategies for this and other such species. Our objectives were to (1) describe large-scale patterns of population genetic structure and gene flow and (2) to characterize genetic subpopulation centers across the range of Greater Sage-grouse. Samples from 2,134 individuals were genotyped at 15 microsatellite loci. Using standard STRUCTURE and spatial principal components analyses, we found evidence for four or six areas of large-scale genetic differentiation and, following our novel method, 12 subpopulation centers of differentiation. Gene flow was greater, and differentiation reduced in areas of contiguous habitat (eastern Montana, most of Wyoming, much of Oregon, Nevada, and parts of Idaho). As expected, areas of fragmented habitat such as in Utah (with 6 subpopulation centers) exhibited the greatest genetic differentiation and lowest effective migration. The subpopulation centers defined here could be monitored to maintain genetic diversity and connectivity with other subpopulation centers. Many areas outside subpopulation centers are contact zones where different genetic groups converge and could be priorities for maintaining overall connectivity. Our novel method and process of leveraging multiple different analyses to find common genetic patterns provides a path forward to characterizing genetic structure in wide-ranging, continuously distributed species.
Liver-specific overexpression of lipoprotein lipase improves glucose metabolism in high-fat diet-fed mice
Authors: Shimizu Kahori , Nishimuta Syogo , Fukumura Yuri , Michinaga Shotaro , Egusa Yuka , Hase Tomomi , Terada Tomoyuki , Sakurai Fuminori , Mizuguchi Hiroyuki , Tomita Koji , Nishinaka Toru
Published: September 2022

The liver is the main organ that regulates lipid and glucose metabolism. Ectopic lipid accumulation in the liver impairs insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism. Lipoprotein lipase (LPL), mainly expressed in the adipose tissue and muscle, is a key enzyme that regulates lipid metabolism via the hydrolysis of triglyceride in chylomicrons and very-low-density lipoproteins. Here, we aimed to investigate whether the suppression level of hepatic lipid accumulation via overexpression of LPL in mouse liver leads to improved metabolism. To overexpress LPL in the liver, we generated an LPL-expressing adenovirus (Ad) vector using an improved Ad vector that exhibited considerably lower hepatotoxicity (Ad-LPL). C57BL/6 mice were treated with Ad vectors and simultaneously fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Lipid droplet formation in the liver decreased in Ad-LPL-treated mice relative to that in control Ad vector-treated mice. Glucose tolerance and insulin resistance were remarkably improved in Ad-LPL-treated mice compared to those in control Ad vector-treated mice. The expression levels of fatty acid oxidation-related genes, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1, and acyl-CoA oxidase 1, were 1.7–2.0-fold higher in Ad-LPL-treated mouse livers than that in control Ad-vector-treated mouse livers. Furthermore, hepatic LPL overexpression partly maintained mitochondrial content in HFD-fed mice. These results indicate that LPL overexpression in the livers of HFD-fed mice attenuates the accumulation of lipid droplets in the liver and improves glucose metabolism. These findings may enable the development of new drugs to treat metabolic syndromes such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Physicians’ perspectives on Extreme Risk Protection Orders (ERPOs) in the clinical setting: Challenges and opportunities for gun violence prevention
Authors: Hollo Ashley , VanderStoep Amy , Frattaroli Shannon
Published: September 2022

Background

Firearm-related injuries remain a heavy public health and clinical burden in the United States. Extreme Risk Protection Order (ERPO) laws, which create a path through a civil court process to temporarily remove firearms from individuals deemed to be at risk of harming themselves or others and are one strategy designed to reduce firearm violence. Maryland was the first state to authorize clinicians as ERPO petitioners.

Objective

We aim to document a sample of Maryland physicians’ perspectives about the utility of, any barriers to, and other thoughts on clinicians as ERPO petitioners.

Design

A series of semi-structured interviews with Maryland physicians identified through a combination of purposive and snowball sampling. We coded the transcribed interviews and analyzed the coded transcripts for themes using deductive content analysis.

Setting/Participants

13 Maryland-based physicians interviewed over Zoom in and around Baltimore City, Maryland.

Results

The interviewees had overall positive feedback about ERPO as a gun violence prevention tool in the clinical setting. They identified several barriers to effective implementation such as time spent on paperwork and in court, a lack of awareness among clinicians about ERPO, threats to therapeutic alliance, and a sense of futility in a culture where firearms are easy to obtain. Solutions such as providing clinician education about ERPO laws, allowing for virtual court testimony, and creating a consult service with ERPO specialists to manage ERPO petitions were discussed.

Limitations

This study includes a small sample of Maryland-based physicians.

Conclusions

The physicians we interviewed expressed interest in knowing more about ERPO laws and emphasized education as an important tool for improving implementation. Addressing physicians’ concerns about ERPO implementation will improve their ability to be effective and efficient petitioners.
Using wearable biological sensors to provide personalized feedback to motivate behavioral changes: Study protocol for a randomized controlled physical activity intervention in cancer survivors (Project KNOWN)
Authors: Liao Yue , Schembre Susan M. , Brannon Grace E. , Pan Zui , Wang Jing , Ali Sadia , Beg M. Shaalan , Basen-Engquist Karen M.
Published: September 2022

Regular physical activity reduces the progression of several cancers and offers physical and mental health benefits for cancer survivors. However, many cancer survivors are not sufficiently active to achieve these health benefits. Possible biological mechanisms through which physical activity could affect cancer progression include reduced systemic inflammation and positive changes in metabolic markers. Chronic and acute hyperglycemia could have downstream effects on cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. One novel strategy to motivate cancer survivors to be more active is to provide personalized biological-based feedback that demonstrates the immediate positive impact of physical activity. Continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) have been used to demonstrate the acute beneficial effects of physical activity on insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolisms in controlled lab settings. Using personal data from CGMs to illustrate the immediate impact of physical activity on glucose patterns could be particularly relevant for cancer survivors because they are at a higher risk for developing type 2 diabetes (T2D). As a pilot project, this study aims to (1) test the preliminary effect of a remotely delivered physical activity intervention that incorporates personalized biological-based feedback on daily physical activity levels, and (2) explore the association between daily glucose patterns and cancer-related insulin pathway and inflammatory biomarkers in cancer survivors who are at high risk for T2D. We will recruit 50 insufficiently active, post-treatment cancer survivors who are at elevated risk for T2D. Participants will be randomly assigned into (1) a group that receives personalized biological feedback related to physical activity behaviors; and (2) a control group that receives standard educational material. The feasibility and preliminary efficacy of this wearable sensor-based, biofeedback-enhanced 12-week physical activity intervention will be evaluated. Data from this study will support the further refinement and enhancement of a more comprehensive remotely delivered physical activity intervention that targets cancer survivors.

Trial registration:ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT05490641.
Occupational exposure to hepatitis C virus infection and associated factors among healthcare workers in Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Tunisia
Authors: Kacem Meriem , Dhouib Wafa , Bennasrallah Cyrine , Zemni Imen , Abroug Hela , Ben Fredj Manel , Guedich Arwa , Safer Leila , Ben Alaya Nissaf , Mastouri Maha , Bouanene Ines , Sriha Belguith Asma
Published: September 2022

Background

Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at high risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Indeed, they are exposed to blood and body fluid which put them at an important risk of transmission of various blood borne pathogens including HCV. The goal of this study was to determine the magnitude of occupational exposure to hepatitis C virus infection as well as the factors associated to this exposure among HCWs at a Tunisian University Hospital in 2017.

Methods

A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out at Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital in Monastir Governorate (Tunisia) from 01 June 2017 to 31 August 2017. Data were collected using an anonymous questionnaire. To determine factors associated with occupational exposure to hepatitis C virus infection, we performed multivariate analysis.

Results

Among the 1493 included participants, more than half (56.7) had at least one exposure to blood or body fluid. A history of needle stick injury was reported by 48.3% of the respondents. Exposure to blood or body fluid splash into the face was announced by 32.1% HCWs. Doctors had the highest risk of exposure (AOR = 12.425; 95% CI: [05.310–29.075]). Participants working at surgical departments were the most exposed comparing to workers at others departments (AOR = 7.440; 95% CI: [4.461–12.408]). Two exposed female HCWs were tested positive corresponding to a HCV infection prevalence of 0.13% (95% IC: [0.11–0.16%]).

Conclusion

Occupational exposure to hepatitis C virus infection was high at the university hospital of Monastir. Despite the low magnitude of HCV infection, preventive actions should be taken to promote the safety of health care personnel.
Importância dos registros informacionais no prontuário eletrônico da Unidade de Atenção à Saúde da Criança e Adolescente em um Hospital de ensino e assistência
Authors: Calheiros Maria Isabel Fernandes , Araújo Nelma Camelo de
Published: September 2022

O prontuário do paciente é um documento mister para atividades e profissionais no contexto das instituições de saúde, funciona como um banco de dados para a pesquisa e o ensino, respeitando-se os aspectos éticos e legais de acesso. Os dados informados no prontuário alimentam sistemas nacionais da saúde, produzindo indicadores que subsidiam a criação e implementação de políticas públicas para a área da saúde. Assim, este artigo apresenta os resultados de pesquisa de mestrado, que objetivou analisar se as informações registradas no Prontuário Eletrônico do Paciente atendem a necessidade informacionais dos profissionais que o utilizam na Unidade de Atenção à Saúde da Criança e Adolescente em um Hospital de Ensino e Assistência. A abordagem metodológica foi de natureza qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória. Os resultados do estudo apontam que a falta de preenchimento e, ou, preenchimentos incompletos do registro da informação no módulo paciente AGHUx já ocorreu em todos os campos consultados pelos profissionais. Apontou, ainda, o sistema como prático, objetivo e facilitador das atividades e comunicação no ambiente de trabalho, mas, em contraponto, alguns profissionais o consideram complexo, apresentando dificuldades para o acesso de algumas informações e a necessidade de mais treinamentos para os profissionais acerca da usabilidade do sistema.
Bibliotecas digitais e a pandemia de covid-19
Authors: Santos-d'Amorim Karen , Nascimento Bruna Lais Campos do , Campos Steffane Ramires de Lima , Correa Renato Fernandes
Published: September 2022

Este artigo mapeia quais estratégias foram realizadas ou planejadas no âmbito das bibliotecas digitais que tiveram por objetivo auxiliar no gerenciamento ou mitigação dos potenciais impactos informacionais decorrentes da conjuntura pandêmica de Covid-19 ao redor do globo. Utiliza o método de revisão rápida e a técnica de análise bibliométrica, configurando-se como uma pesquisa exploratória conduzida a partir do levantamento das publicações indexadas nas bases de dados Scopus e Brapci. A partir das análises foi possível constatar a prevalência de abordagens aplicadas com foco no oferecimento de produtos e serviços e no apoio à aprendizagem virtual (e-learning) em cinco continentes. Destaca-se que o acesso a serviços e produtos informacionais de forma remota é condição sine qua non para garantir a continuidade de pesquisas acadêmicas, possibilitar a execução de cursos à distância e o cumprimento das normativas sanitárias de distanciamento social.
Intervenção multiprofissional na saúde mental de estudantes do sexo feminino durante o distanciamento social da COVID-19: estudo piloto
Authors: Eurich Tatiana , Paludo Ana Carolina , Cavazzotto Timothy Gustavo , Silva Michael Pereira , Cavagnari Mariana Abe Vicente , Bennemann Gabriela Datsch , Stocki Kelli  Cristina , Souza Andressa de Fatima Siqueira , Ogliari Regiane , Verdi Anderson Matheus Oliveira Haas , Stein Angelica Miki
Published: September 2022

A população feminina parece ser a mais vulnerável ao sofrimento psíquico durante o período de distanciamento social para o enfrentamento e controle da COVID-19. Nesse sentido, intervenções de caráter multiprofissional têm sido consideradas como potenciais à saúde mental. Assim, o objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar os efeitos de intervenção multiprofissional, composta por exercício físico, acompanhamento psicológico e nutricional na saúde mental de estudantes do sexo feminino durante o distanciamento social da COVID-19. Trata-se de um estudo piloto com delineamento longitudinal, quase-experimental. O estudo foi estruturado em: 1) Grupo Intervenção Multiprofissional (n=6) - exercício físico supervisionado, 2 vezes por semana, 50 minutos por sessão, ministrados por videoconferência, suporte psicológico e orientação nutricional uma vez por semana através de vídeos; 2) Grupo Controle (n=5) - manteve sua rotina habitual e recebeu uma cartilha com sugestões de exercícios, orientações nutricionais e suporte psicológico. Dados sociodemográficos; nível de atividade física; qualidade de vida; sono; estresse, depressão e ansiedade foram obtidos via Google Forms por Anamnese estruturada; International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ); Medical Outcomes Study-36-Item Short - Form Health Survey (SF-36); Índice de qualidade do sono de Pittsburgh; Escala de Ansiedade, Depressão e Estresse (EADS-21), antes e depois de 10 semanas. Foi utilizado teste U-Mann Whitney no baseline e estatística descritiva para comparação dos grupos no período experimental. Como resultados principais, o Grupo Intervenção Multiprofissional teve melhora mais pronunciada na qualidade do sono em 16,6% da amostra. Houve aumento de escore nos domínios da qualidade de vida (SF-36): 5,0 na Capacidade funcional; 25,0 em Aspectos físicos; 5,0 em Dor e 16,6 em Aspectos emocionais no Grupo Intervenção Multiprofissional. Os resultados foram semelhantes para ansiedade e estresse entre os grupos. Dessa forma, a intervenção multiprofissional parece contribuir com a qualidade do sono e qualidade de vida, sugerindo os benefícios para saúde mental de estudantes universitárias.
Identification of critical success factors for implementing sustainable public lighting management in cities: literature-based applications
Authors: Silva Luana Merenciano da , Lopes Fernanda Ribeiro Ramos , Abreu Chrystyane Gerth Silveira , Lima Gilson Brito Alves , Fortes Márcio Zamboti , Araujo Fernando Oliveira de
Published: September 2022

Goal: The objective of this study was to conduct an exploratory literature search capable of identifying the critical success factors for the implementation of sustainable public lighting management in cities.
Design / Methodology / Approach: To accomplish this, the chosen method was a systematic literature survey conducted according to the Cochrane protocol, using the Web of Science, Scopus, and Science Direct journal databases.
Results: As a result, the study shows that there is a scarcity of scientific literature published in journals regarding the intersection between sustainable management and public lighting. In addition, it became clear that the main practices carried out in this area occur in European cities. 
Limitations of the investigation: VOSviewer software was used to build and visualize the bibliometric networks and only two correlated attributes were identified, which shows a lack of similarity between them and demonstrates a limitation of this study.
Practical applications: As a practical implication, the present study supports public managers in decision-making regarding sustainable public lighting, demonstrating the need to implement projects in this field.
Originality/Value: Although this is an extremely important subject, the search showed few studies published in this field.