bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Non-intubated deep paralysis: a new anaesthesia strategy for vocal cord polypectomy
Authors: Fan Yichen , Chi Xiaoying , Zhu Danyan , Yin Jiemin , Liu Yaling , Su Diansan
Published: June 2022

Background Vocal cord polyp is common otorhinolaryngological disease, traditionally treated by vocal cord polypectomy under a supporting laryngoscope with general anaesthesia. Although it is safe and controllable, it would cause some anaesthesia complications. Moreover, the complex process of general anaesthesia may significantly reduce surgical efficiency. Avoiding these problems remains an important issue.Methods All patients were subjected to the standard non-intubated deep paralysis (NIDP) protocol consisting of four phases. An emergency plan was launched when NIDP cannot be implemented successfully. Patient characteristics, blood gas and monitoring data were collected during NIDP. Data concerning satisfaction, complications and duration of anaesthesia and recovery were collected to assess its effectiveness.Result Among 20 enrolled patients, the success rate of NIDP was 95%. Only one patient failed in completing NIDP. Blood gas analysis revealed that the partial pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide was maintained at safe levels. Monitoring during NIDP revealed fluctuations in mean arterial pressure between 110 and 70 mmHg, and the heart rate was stable at 60–100 beats per minute. The duration of anaesthesia and postoperative recovery were 13.0±2.84 and 5.47±1.97 min, respectively. All patients and surgeons were satisfied with NIDP, and no complications were detected before discharge.Conclusion NIDP can be safely applied to patients and can replace general anaesthesia in vocal cord polypectomy. It can significantly reduce the duration of anaesthesia and postoperative recovery. No anaesthesia complications occurred without intubation, and patients and surgeons were satisfied with NIDP.Trial registrations This single-centre, prospective study was registered on clinicaltrial.gov (NCT04247412) on 30th July 2020.
When to Share Your Genome to an Online Community: A Game Theoretic Approach to Balance Privacy Risks and Familial Benefits
Authors: Guo Jia , Clayton Ellen Wright , Kantarcioglu Murat , Vorobeychik Yevgeniy , Wooders Myrna , Wan Zhiyu , Yin Zhijun , Malin Bradley
Published: June 2022

As recreational genomics continues to grow in its popularity, many people are afforded the opportunity to share their genomes in exchange for various services, including third-party interpretation (TPI) tools, to understand their predisposition to health problems and, based on genome similarity, to find extended family members. At the same time, these services have increasingly been reused by law enforcement to track down potential criminals through family members who disclose their genomic information. While it has been observed that many potential users shy away from such data sharing when they learn that their privacy cannot be assured, it remains unclear how potential users’ valuations of the service will affect a population’s behavior. In this paper, we present a game theoretic framework to model interdependent privacy challenges in genomic data sharing online. Through simulations, we find that in addition to the boundary cases when 1) no player and 2) every player joins, there exist pure-strategy Nash equilibria when a relatively small portion of players choose to join the genomic database. The result is consistent under different parametric settings. We further examine the stability of Nash equilibria and illustrate that the only equilibrium that is resistant to a random dropping of players is when all players join the genomic database. Finally, we show that when players consider the impact that their data sharing may have on their relatives, the only pure strategy Nash equilibria are when either no player or every player shares their genomic data.
WITHDRAWN: Insights into the combustion and transport processes in chemically reacting flow systems
Authors: Chen Junjie
Published: June 2022

Computational fluid dynamics simulations are made possible by the development of numerical schemes that are highly accurate in temporal and spatial discretization and stable at high Reynolds numbers. A fundamental understanding of the stabilization mechanisms of a flame within very small spaces by the cavity method is of both fundamental and practical significance. However, the precise mechanism by which the cavity method generally provides increased flame stability remains unclear and warrants further study. Computational fluid dynamics simulations are performed to understand the overall small-scale combustion characteristics of chemically reacting flow systems. The effects of different design factors on flame stability are investigated. The roles of combustion and transport processes in chemically reacting flow systems are discussed, particularly the transport of momentum, energy, and chemical species in fluids. The results indicate that the cavity structure can induce recirculation of hot products, thereby improving flame stability. The exterior heat loss and wall thermal conductivity are vital in determining the flame stability of the chemically reacting flow system. Further improvement in flame stability can be achieved by using anisotropic walls. A critical issue of fuel-rich cases is the loss of combustion efficiency. Combustion at the microscale can offer many advantages. Faster ignition and more efficient heat transfer can be achieved, but the design is challenging due to the loss of flame stability. The principles developed and illustrated here for combustion systems are important not only for the rational design and development of chemical reactors but also for scientific research involving coupled transport processes and chemical reaction in flow systems.
Analysis and Application of Transversely Isotropic Chemical Poroelastic Media Subjected to Point Liquid and Chemical Sources
Authors: Fu Longming , Han Jiadong , Fan Xin , Zhang Baojian , Wu Di
Published: June 2022

Shale is important as oil, natural gas, or mineral resource evaluation. Due to the high chemical activity of shale, it is prone to interact with the pore fluid phase during mining and drilling operations, which can change its mechanical properties resulting in damage. Essentially, shale is a chemical poroelastic material, and researching the coupling effects on shale resource development is unpredictable. In order to study the physicochemical interactions within porous materials, the general solutions of chemical poroelastic materials are derived in terms of the constitutive and governing equations. An example of a chemical poroelastic body subjected to point fluid and chemical sources is given to show the application of the general solutions, and the accuracy of the derivation is verified by using COMSOL Multiphysics software which provides a certain theoretical basis for future research.
Caffeic acid phenyl ester induces apoptosis in HT29 cells through the modulation of MAPK mediated cellular proliferation and heat shock proteins
Authors: Yahya Showket , Sudhandiran Ganapasam
Published: June 2022

Colorectal cancer is among the most prevalent epithelial origin gastrointestinal cancers in the world with over 2 million cases detected every year. Multiple factors contribute to the progression of colonic tumours. Emerging evidences suggest that nutrient deprivation leads to enormous oxidative stress, leading to diminished growth of cancer cells and maintenance of homeostasis. Colon cancer cells evade cell cycle check points and apoptosis leading to cellular proliferation. In this study, HT29 colorectal cancer cells were grown under serum supplemented and deprived condition and the effect of Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) was tested. Cell cycle analysis revealed that CAPE could inhibit the cell cycle progression in G2/M phase. DNA fragmentation analysis and TUNEL assay were performed to evaluate the apoptosis inducing property of CAPE. Clonogenic and migration assays confirmed that CAPE could inhibit cancer stemness and invasiveness, respectively. p38 Mitogen activated protein kinase and JNK are notorious signalling mediators that directly links inflammation, cell death and expression of cancer signalling proteins. Western blot analysis reveal that CAPE inhibits inflammation and regulates the expression of p38 MAPK, JNK and ERK1/2, critical mediators of cancer cell progression. Heat shock proteins also known as molecular chaperones play a decisive role in colon cancer and facilitates maintenance of protein folding and homeostasis. In this study, CAPE regulates the expression of Hsp90, 70 and 40 in HT29 cells. The co-immunoprecipitation interaction between p38MAPK and HSP’s validate the strong protein-protein interaction. The results of this study demonstrates that CAPE induces apoptosis in HT29 cells through the involvement of Hsp’s and MAPK pathway.
G3BP1 Regulates Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation and Metastasis
Authors: Liu Shuang , Tian Shaoping , He Xin , Ideozu Justin Eze , Wang Rui , Geng Hua , Yue Dan
Published: June 2022

Breast cancer is a leading cause of death and morbidity among female cancers. Several factors, including hormone levels, lifestyle, and dysregulated RNA-binding proteins, have been associated with the development of breast cancer. Ras-GTPase-activating protein SH3 domain-binding protein 1 (G3BP1) and protein kinase C, Zeta isoform (PKCζ) are oncogenes implicated in numerous cancers, including breast cancers. However, their interaction and role in promoting breast cancer proliferation and metastasis have not been well-characterized. In the present study, we demonstrated that G3BP1 expression is elevated in breast cancer and that knockdown of G3BP1 diminished the proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer cells. Mechanistically, we identified a series of proliferating and metastasis-related properties, including chemotaxis, migration, Golgi polarity localization, and actin polymerization, that were modulated by G3BP1 knockdown. We found that G3BP1 and PKCζ co-localized and interacted intracellularly, and they co-underwent membrane translocation under EGF stimulation. Following the knockdown of G3BP1, we observed the membrane translocation and phosphorylation of PKCζ were significantly impaired, suggesting that G3BP1 regulates the activation of PKCζ. Our findings indicate that G3BP1 plays multiple roles in breast cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. The activation of PKCζ by G3BP1 may be the specific mechanism underlying the process.
Structural validity and psychometric properties of the Anger Rumination Scale: an analysis of invariance by gender, age and sample type in a community and a clinical sample
Authors: Rodríguez Manuel González , Ibañez Ignacio , Marrero Rosario J , Fumero Axit , Lorenzo Laureano , Rascón Pilar , Peñate W
Published: June 2022

We present the structural validity of the Anger Rumination Scale (ARS) in two samples: a community sample of 536 individuals and a clinical sample of 97 individuals. An exploratory factor analysis isolated three factors that explained 57.5% of the variance after rotation; a confirmatory factor analysis indicated a good fit of the data to a model composed of three factors, which we called 1) angry memories (α = .90), 2) analysis of past anger events (α = .88), and 3) thoughts of revenge (α = .76). A multigroup CFA showed that the structural validity of the ARS had metric invariance by gender, age group (i.e., younger than 25 years vs. or older than 25 years) and sample type (i.e., community vs. clinical sample). As regards incremental validity, once depressive rumination was controlled for, angry memories and analysis of past anger events predicted anxiety and depression symptoms. Results are discussed according to the studies reviewed. We suggest that anger rumination and depressive rumination are repetitive processes that should be taken into account when assessing anxiety and mood disorders.
Recruitment of circulating antigen presenting cells to the retina is necessary for induction of autoimmune retinitis
Authors: McPherson Scott W. , Heuss Neal D. , Abedin Md. , Roehrich Heidi , Pierson Mark J. , Gregerson Dale S.
Published: June 2022

BackgroundCharacterizing immune cells and conditions that govern their recruitment and function in autoimmune diseases of the nervous system or in neurodegenerative processes is an area of active investigation. We sought to analyze the origin of antigen presenting cells associated with the induction of retinal autoimmunity using a system that relies on spontaneous autoimmunity, thus avoiding uncertainties associated with immunization with adjuvants at remotes sites or adoptive transfer of in-vitro activated T cells. MethodsR161H mice (B10.R3 background), which spontaneously and rapidly develop severe autoimmune retinitis (AR), were crossed to CD11cDTR/GFP mice (B6/J) allowing us to track the recruitment to and/or expansion within the retina of activated, antigen presenting cells (GFPhi cells) in R161H+/- x CD11cDTR/GFP F1 mice relative to the course of AR. Parabiosis between R161H+/- x CD11cDTR/GFP F1 mice and B10.R3 x B6/J F1 (wild type recipient) mice was done to explore the origin and phenotype of antigen presenting cells crucial for the induction of autoimmunity. Analysis was done by retinal imaging, flow cytometry, and histology. ResultsOnset of AR in R161H+/- x CD11cDTR/GFP F1 mice was delayed relative to B10.R3-R161H+/- mice revealing a disease prophase prior to frank autoimmunity that was characterized by expansion of GFPhi cells within the retina prior to any clinical or histological evidence of autoimmunity. Parabiosis between mice carrying the R161H and CD11cDTR/GFP transgenes and transgene negative recipients showed that recruitment of circulating GFPhi cells to retinas was required for induction of AR. ConclusionsOur results here contrast with our previous findings showing that retinal antigen presenting cells expanding in response to either sterile inflammatory injury or neurodegeneration were derived from myeloid cells within the retina or optic nerve thus highlighting a unique facet of retinal autoimmunity.
Rotated Digit Recognition by Variational Autoencoders with Fixed Output Distributions
Authors: Yevick David
Published: June 2022

This paper demonstrates that a simple modification of the variational autoencoder (VAE) formalism enables the method to identify and classify rotated and distorted digits. In particular, the conventional objective (cost) function employed during the training process of a VAE both quantifies the agreement between the input and output data records and ensures that the latent space representation of the input data record is statistically generated with an appropriate mean and standard deviation. After training, simulated data realizations are generated by decoding appropriate latent space points. Since, however, standard VAE:s trained on randomly rotated MNIST digits cannot reliably distinguish between different digit classes since the rotated input data is effectively compared to a similarly rotated output data record. In contrast, an alternative implementation in which the objective function compares the output associated with each rotated digit to a corresponding fixed unreferenced reference digit is shown here to discriminate accurately among the rotated digits in latent space even when the dimension of the latent space is 2 or 3.
Association of age at first birth and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in women: evidence from the NHANES
Authors: Yang Huan-huan , Chen Guo-Chong , Zhou Meng-Ge , Xie Li-Feng , Jin Yuan-Yuan , Chen Hao-Tian , Chen Ze-Kun , Kong Yu-Hao , Li Zhi-Hui
Published: June 2022

Background
Numerous studies have suggested that age at first birth (AFB) is inversely associated with metabolic diseases, but positively associated with liver cancer in women. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a canonical example of metabolic dysfunction and inflammation-based liver disease, while the association between AFB and risk of NAFLD remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between AFB and the odds of NAFLD in women.
Methods
Women older than 20 years at the time of the survey were analyzed using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 1999 to 2018 in the US. AFB was obtained with self-administered questionnaires. NAFLD was diagnosed as fatty liver index ≥ 60. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using logistic regression models.
Results
Of the 12,188 women included in this study, 5,670 (46.5%) had NAFLD. Compared to individuals with AFB of 30–32 years old (reference group), the fully adjusted ORs and 95% CI in women with AFB < 18 years, 18–20 years, 21–23 years, and 24–26 years were 1.59 (95% CI: 1.18, 2.13), 1.58 (95% CI: 1.20, 2.08), 1.38 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.83), and 1.33 (95% CI: 1.01–1.77), respectively. Yet there was no significant difference between AFB of 27–29 years, 33–35 years, or > 35 years compared with the reference group.
Conclusions
Women with younger AFB have higher odds of NAFLD in later life. Policymakers should consider focusing on those with earlier AFB for screening and prevention of NAFLD.
Urinary measurement of epigenetic DNA modifications and 8-oxodG as a possible noninvasive markers of colon cancer evolution
Authors: Skalska-Bugala Aleksandra , Siomek-Gorecka Agnieszka , Banaszkiewicz Zbigniew , Olinski Ryszard , Rozalski Rafal
Published: June 2022

The active DNA demethylation mechanism involves 5-methylcytosine (5-mCyt) enzymatic oxidation with the subsequent formation of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmCyt), which can be further oxidized to 5-formylcytosine (5-fCyt) and 5-carboxylcytosine (5-caCyt). The products of active DNA demethylation are released into the bloodstream and eventually also appear in urine. We used online two-dimensional ultraperformance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (2D-UPLC-MS/MS) to compare DNA methylation marks in colorectal cancer and pre-cancerous condition in urine. The study included four groups of subjects: healthy controls, patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), persons with adenomatous polyps (AD), and individuals with colorectal cancer (CRC). We have found that the level of 5-fCyt in urine was lowest in all patients’ groups, but the statistical significance were observed only for CRC and polyp groups than in control group. The level of 5-hmCyt was significantly higher only in CRC group (2.1 vs 2.3 nmol/mmol creatinine). Interestingly, we have found highly statistically significant correlation of 5-hydroxymethyluracil with 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2′-deoxycytidine, 5-methyl-2′-deoxycytidine and 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2′-deoxyuridine in CRC patients group.
Social media improves farmers knowledge of invasive alien species
Authors: Chen Dongming , Peng Ya , Zhang Liyun , Zhu Min , Si Xiaozheng
Published: June 2022

Management of biological invasions is a tremendous challenge for both ecological and socioeconomic systems. Public education positively affects stakeholder knowledge and facilitate management of invasive alien species (IAS). However, our knowledge of the role of social media in public knowledge of IAS is elusive for the majority of invaders. In this study, we used Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera; noctuidae), one of the most notorious invasive insects in China, as a case to test the hypothesis that social media could improve farmers’ knowledge of IAS. We conducted household questionnaires at the village level in the China-Myanmar-Laos border region (China) and used quantitative descriptions and binary logistic regressions in statistical analyses. Our results indicated that farmers often used 12 social media applications on smartphones (SMASs) and obtained information about S. frugiperda from six SMASs, with high preferences for WeChat and TikTok, and obtained a high level of knowledge of S. frugiperda from SMASs; further, socio-demographic factors and of SMAS-based information significantly influenced farmers’ knowledge of S. frugiperda. We suggested that well-designed and conducted educational programs based on the use of SMASs could improve the performance of IAS management, and the government plays an important role in such a circumstance. Our findings contribute to theoretical insights into the role of public education in IAS improvement, and empirical bases for the optimization of IAS management.
Endovascular Aortic Arch Repair with Chimney Technique for Pseudoaneurysm
Authors: Luo Ming-yao , Zhang Xiong , Fang Kun , Guo Yuan-yuan , Chen Dong , Lee Jason T. , Shu Chang
Published: June 2022

Background: Aortic pseudoaneurysm is a life-threatening clinical condition, and thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) has been reported to have a relatively satisfactory effect in aortic pathologies. We summarized our single-centre experience using chimney TEVAR for aortic arch pseudoaneurysms with inadequate landing zones.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted from October 2015 to August 2020, 32 patients (64.1±15.0 years, range 28-81; 29 men) with aortic arch pseudoaneurysms underwent chimney TEVAR to exclude an aortic lesion and reconstruct the supra-aortic branches, including 3 innominate artery, 12 left common carotid arteries and 29 left subclavian arteries. Follow-up computed tomography was suggested before discharge; at 3, 6, and 12 months; and yearly thereafter.Results: Forty-four related supra-aortic branches were well preserved and the technical success rate was 100%. The Type Ia endoleaks occurred in 3 (9%) patients. Two patients were lost to follow-up and 4 patients died during the follow-up period. The median follow-up was 46.5±14.3 (range, 4.5-60) months. One patient died due to acute myocardial infarction just 10 days after chimney TEVAR and the other 3 patients passed away at 1.5 months, 20 months and 31 months with non-aortic reasons. The 4.5-year survival estimate was 84.4%. The primary patency rate of the target supra-arch branch vessels was 97.7% (43/44), and no other aorta-related reinterventions and severe complications occurred.Conclusion: For aortic arch pseudoaneurysms with inadequate landing zones for TEVAR, the chimney technique seems to be feasible, with acceptable mid-term outcomes, and it could serve as an alternative minimally invasive approach to extend the landing zone. Slow flow type Ia endoleak could be treated conservatively after chimney TEVAR. Additional experience is needed, and the long-term durability of chimney TEVAR requires further follow-up.
Graph-based system for predictive epidemiological surveillance
Authors: Akagi Javier Tadashi , García-Torres Miguel , Pérez-Estigarribia Pastor Enmanuel , Bernal Diego Andrés Flores , Grillo Sebastian Alberto , Mello-Román Julio César , Noguera José Luis Vázquez , Muñoz Mara Griselda , Pedrozo Maria Esther , Cabrera Sandra Verónica Irala , Buzarquis Victor Guillermo Sequera
Published: June 2022

One of the problems associated with the pandemic caused by COVID-19 is the search of positive cases from suspected cases. Another problem is predicting potentially severe or fatal cases from positive COVID-19 cases. Data associated with transmissible disease cases such as COVID-19 can be structured in the form of contact and infection graphs. In this sense, this work proposes a computer system based on graphs for monitoring probable cases and prediction of critical cases of COVID-19. These massive records could be used by teams of epidemiologists responsible for health surveillance to identify profiles with a greater possibility of being positive or severe cases of COVID-19. Monitoring is based on contact graphs and prediction employing descriptive and predictive models from data provided by the General Directorate of Health Surveillance.
Local environment drives rapid shifts in composition and phylogenetic clustering of seagrass microbiomes
Authors: Kardish Melissa , Stachowicz John
Published: June 2022

Plant microbiomes depend on environmental conditions, stochasticity, species, and genotype identity. Eelgrass (Zostera marina) is a unique system for plant-microbe interactions as a physiologically-challenged, marine angiosperm growing in anoxic sediment, periodic exposure to air at low tide, and gradients in water clarity and flow. We tested the influence of host origin versus environment on microbiome composition by transplanting 768 plants among four sites within Bodega Harbor, CA. Over three months following transplantation, we sampled microbial communities monthly on leaves and roots and sequenced the V4-V5 region of the 16S rRNA gene to assess community composition. The main driver of leaf and root microbiome composition was destination site; more modest effects of origin site did not last over a month. Community phylogenetic analyses suggested that environmental filtering structures these communities, but the strength and nature of this filtering varies among sites and over time. We demonstrate that local environmental differences create rapid shifts in associated microbial community composition with potential functional implications for hosts under shifting environmental conditions.
COVID-19 vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia
Authors: Sugraliyev A. B. , Cirillo P.
Published: June 2022

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) stimulated the development of highly effective vaccines that were produced with unprecedented speed with the use of new technologies. All the newly developed vaccines are highly effective with minimal adverse effects. Clinical introduction of the AstraZeneca Covid-19 vaccine has raised public alarm regarding the rare, but serious thrombotic events, known as vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT). VITT is characterized clinical and laboratory syndromes like: venous (acute cerebral sinus venous thrombosis and abdominal vein thrombosis) or arterial thrombosis; mild-to-severe thrombocytopenia; positive antiplatelet factor 4 (PF4)-polyanion antibodies or anti-PF4–heparin antibodies detected by ELISA; occurring 5–30 days after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AstraZeneca) or Ad26. COV2.S (Johnson & Johnson/Janssen) vaccination and elevated D-dimer. From a pathophysiological point of view, VITT is an autoimmune disease characterized by the development of antibodies that directly activate platelets, causing thrombosis in the arterial or venous systems of the body. At the same time, the components of the vaccine serve as an antigen for the formation of autoantibodies, which enhance the production of platelet factor PF4, which contributes to the formation of blood clots. It has established that intravenous use of immunoglobulin at a dose of 1 g/kg of the patient’s body weight per day, in addition to neutralizing antibodies, makes it possible to suppress VITT-mediated platelet activation. Fondaparinux, direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), danaparoid or argatroban are the main anticoagulant drugs effective in the treatment of thrombotic conditions in VITT.
Modern possibilities and prospects in evaluating the anticoagulant effect of direct oral anticoagulants
Authors: Mironova A. I. , Kropacheva E. S. , Dobrovolsky A. B. , Titaeva E. V. , Panchenko E. P.
Published: June 2022

Currently, direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) should be preferred when prescribing anticoagulant therapy to atrial fibrillation patients because of their lower potential for interactions and risk of bleeding than warfarin. However, in the absence of standardized laboratory tests and a specific antidote (except dabigatran), prescribing and monitoring DOAC therapy remains a challenge for clinicians and patients. The present review focuses on the problems of DOAC laboratory evaluation, indications, and prospects for its use. Routine coagulation tests including activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time and thrombin time are not recommended for DOAC therapy. Currently, there are specific coagulation tests (anti-Xa activity factor determination for apixaban/ rivaroxaban and diluted thrombin time for dabigatran) that allow judging the presence of the drug in the blood. According to current recommendations, these tests should be used only to assess anticoagulant concentrations and not to adjust doses and decide on the timing of withdrawal before invasive intervention. Nevertheless, the issue of determining DOAC concentration during invasive interventions, the need for which only increases with age, is most relevant. Also a possible additional factor that may alter the bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of DOAC and be taken into account in the evaluation of laboratory activity is the presence of chronic renal disease, hepatic insufficiency, low or excess body weight. The use of specific coagulation tests for patients undergoing elective and urgent surgery among special categories of patients (with chronic kidney disease, low or excess body weight, renal failure) is promising.
Experience with the use of combination antithrombotic therapy in a patient with acute coronary syndrome and underlying severe coronavirus infection
Authors: Kurenkov D. A. , Shtin S. R. , Tuaeva T. T. , Machulina I. A.
Published: June 2022

The paper presents the experience of treating a patient with acute coronary syndrome without ST segment elevation and underlying severe novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) complicated by polysegmental viral pneumonia and significant respiratory events. Emphasis has been placed on the use of antithrombotic therapy after endovascular treatment. A 56-year-old patient underwent respiratory support (non-invasive face mask lung ventilation followed by high-flow oxygenation), urgent diagnostic coronary angiography followed by percutaneous coronary intervention (balloon angioplasty and stenting of the right coronary artery and anterior interventricular artery). In addition to the etiopathogenetic therapy for coronavirus infection, the patient received combination antithrombotic therapy, including acetylsalicylic acid, prasugrel, FRaMon monoclonal antibodies (single exposure, intraoperatively), sodium enoxaparin. The therapy resulted in normalization of hemodynamic parameters, stable normothermia, absence of catarrhal events, improvement of exercise tolerance. A chest ultrasound imaging showed consolidation events, inflammatory markers significantly decreased, circulatory deficiency events were compensated, anginal pains did not recur. On the 20th day of hospitalization, the patient was discharged home with outpatient follow-up. The use of potent antiplatelet agents such as prasugrel or ticagrelor combined with IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors and prolonged anticoagulant therapy can potentially improve the outcome of the disease in acute coronary syndrome with underlying severe coronavirus infection. In the presented clinical example, the use of aggressive approaches to the antithrombotic therapy did not lead to the development of significant hemorrhagic or other complications.
Identification of coronary artery lesions and tactics of surgical treatment in patients with chronic lower limb ischemia
Authors: Arakelyan V. S. , Lysyy R. N. , Gagloeva A. S.
Published: June 2022

Introduction. Ischemic heart disease is undoubtedly the main factor that significantly aggravates the condition of patients with chronic lower limb ischemia in the perioperative period.

Aim. To establish the expediency of mandatory performance of selective polypositional coronary angiography in patients with chronic ischemia of the lower extremities to determine the stages of surgical intervention and prevent cardiac complications.

Materials and methods. The study included 285 patients, treated to the Department of arterial pathology surgery of the Bakulev National Medical Research Center of Cardiovascular Surgery with a diagnosis of chronic lower limb ischemia. The patients were divided into 2 groups. The main group included 139 patients admitted in 2016. The control group – 146 patients admitted in 1989. In the main group, all patients underwent coronary angiography. In the control group, coronary angiography was performed only in patients with a clinical picture of coronary artery disease or in asymptomatic patients after positive stress tests.

Results and discussion. After analysis of coronary angiograms in patients of the main group, out of 139 patients included in the study, 124 (89.2%) had a lesion of at least 1 coronary artery >50%; and in 101 (72.7%) patients, at least 1 coronary artery was affected >70%. In the main group, cardiac complications were noted in 6 (4.32%) patients, while in the control group they were detected in 21 (14.4%) cases. These complications appeared due to the underestimation of the state of the coronary bed, based only on the results of stress tests.

Conclusions. Selective polypositional coronary angiography is the main method for detecting asymptomatic significant coronary artery disease in patients with CLCI, which improves the immediate results of surgical treatment by reducing the incidence of cardiac complications.
Twitter y aprendizaje en la universidad: análisis de la producción científica en Scopus
Authors: Cívico Ariza Andrea , Linde-Valenzuela Teresa , Gómez García Melchor , Colomo Magaña Ernesto
Published: June 2022

Twitter ofrece oportunidades de aprendizaje mediante la interacción entre agentes educativos y permite compartir diferentes recursos y materiales. Por ello, el objetivo de este trabajo es analizar bibliométricamente la producción científica sobre el uso de Twitter en los procesos de aprendizaje en el contexto universitario. La muestra final, extraída de la base de datos Scopus, la componen 248 artículos publicados entre 2012 y 2021, examinada con varias técnicas bibliométricas (acoplamiento bibliográfico, co-citación y co-ocurrencia). Los resultados confirman un crecimiento progresivo de la producción científica, indexada principalmente en ciencias sociales, siendo Estados Unidos el país más prolífico y la UNED la institución con mayor producción científica. Los artículos más citados se centran en analizar el potencial de Twitter en la educación superior y el uso que hacen los académicos y las instituciones universitarias de esta red social. Entre las futuras líneas de desarrollo, destaca los diferentes tipos de aprendizaje que pueden desarrollarse utilizando Twitter como recurso, así como su influencia en factores como el rendimiento académico y la motivación. Como conclusión, destacar la relevancia del estudio de la producción científica para generar nuevas propuestas didácticas e investigaciones que fundamenten científicamente los beneficios de incorporar Twitter a los procesos formativos
El conocimiento ético profesional docente y su presencia en la inclusión de las tecnologías en el contexto educativo presente
Authors: Gómez-Trigueros Isabel María , Ortega-Sánchez Delfín
Published: June 2022

El objetivo de este estudio es analizar el conocimiento ético profesional docente en el uso de las tecnologías del profesorado en formación. Partiendo del modelo Conocimiento Tecnológico Pedagógico Disciplinar (CTPD) para medir la correcta inclusión de las tecnologías en el aula, se ha llevado a cabo un estudio de diseño metodológico mixto de corte descriptivo. Los instrumentos utilizados han sido el cuestionario de escala Likert y la entrevista personal, ambos organizados en cuatro dimensiones sobre el conocimiento ético profesional, ético de la tecnología, ético tecnológico pedagógico y ético tecnológico disciplinar de los futuros docentes. El cuestionario se ha aplicado a una muestra de 632 profesores en formación de una universidad europea en el contexto de la COVID-19 y en la entrevista participaron 429 estudiantes.

Los hallazgos revelaron la escasa o nula formación en conocimientos éticos profesionales de los docentes en formación; la necesidad de profundizar en tales conocimientos para enfrentar el contexto actual, de pandemia y postpandemia de la educación y la importancia de incluir el componente ético en el modelo CTPD para una implementación correcta y ética de los recursos digitales en el aula.
Diseño e implementación de un simulador basado en realidad aumentada móvil para la enseñanza de la física en la educación superior
Authors: Aguilar Acevedo Francisco , Flores Cruz Jesus Alberto , Hernández Aguilar Cesar Adrián , Pacheco Bautista Daniel
Published: June 2022

Los beneficios atribuidos a la realidad aumentada (RA) en la enseñanza de diferentes campos del conocimiento, han propiciado la intersección de modalidades y métodos de enseñanza aprendizaje que buscar potencializar las fortalezas de dicha tecnología aplicada en la educación. Uno de estos enfoques, entrelaza a la realidad aumentada con el aprendizaje móvil y con el aprendizaje basado en las simulaciones. No obstante, el cómo desarrollar estas aplicaciones a fin que permitan proporcional una experiencia de aprendizaje, es una línea que continúa construyéndose. En este artículo se presentan las fases de desarrollo de un simulador en realidad aumentada móvil, cuya formulación parte de la experiencia de un grupo de estudiantes al usar un simulador web. Además, se presentan los resultados de la evaluación de la calidad de los objetos de realidad aumentada, obteniendo una valoración positiva en los aspectos técnicos, de utilización y guía, lo que sugiere una integración adecuada de tecnología de realidad aumentada con los aspectos pedagógicos considerados en el diseño de la aplicación.
Russian intra-industry trade: Trends in recent decades
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Borisov Gleb , Popova Liudmila ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: June 2022

The article reveals the trends of Russian intra-industry trade in the period 2001–2018 with the twenty largest partners, united in three groups, namely developed economies, developing countries and CIS states. Intra-industry trade was estimated using data for export and import for each of the 6-digit Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System product groups. The authors use the Fontanier — Freudenberg and Grubel — Lloyd indices to determine the share of horizontal, vertical and high-quality vertical IIT in agricultural products, raw materials and manufactures. It was revealed that Russia’s intra-industry trade including high-quality vertical IIT, both in terms of value and intensity is highly concentrated on the CIS countries, especially Belarus. A vertical type of intra-industry specialization dominates Russia’s intra-industry trade with all groups of countries, which generally corresponds to global trends. However, the horizontal type of specialization is most pronounced in trade with the CIS countries. It was found that most of the intra-industry exchange takes place in trade in manufactures, mainly with Belarus. The intensity of intra-industry trade in all commodity groups with both developed and developing countries remains very low and has not changed over the period under review. It is noted that during the 2010s, the intensity of all types of intra-industry trade with Belarus and Kazakhstan increased, primarily trade in industrial and agricultural goods, which is largely due to integration. The authors conclude that further integration with this group of countries contributes to the development of intra-industry specialization, export sophistication and the realization of technological advantages.
The adaptive role of contemporary journalism and methods for its implementation: Based on the material of urban-oriented network media
Authors:   Perm State National Research University, Vlasova Elena G.
Published: June 2022

Methods of realizing the adaptive role of contemporary journalism are considered on the example of urban-oriented network media that emerged as an independent segment of the Russian media in the 2010s. An accommodative role is one of the main institutional functions of journalism and is to provide “useful news”. The implementation of this role is closely related to the formation of service, or consumer, journalism (M. Eide, G. Knight), and such spheres as lifestyle journalism, entertainment journalism, and brand journalism. The relevance of the subject is confirmed by the findings of the international study “Worlds of Journalism: Journalism Cultures Around the Globe” (T. Hanitzsch, F. Hanusch, J. Ramaprasad, A. S. de Beer, 2019), which recorded the increased activity of this role in Russia. The information agenda of urban-oriented network media, which focuses on urban everyday life and creative urban practices, organically includes extensive service content. The study has shown that the strengthening of the accommodation function in contemporary journalism is closely related to the phenomenon of participation. Convenience, including compactness and reading speed, interactivity and narrativization, which manifests itself both in the orientation towards personal stories and in a special personalized manner of communication between the author of the material and the reader, become the guiding principles in the design of “useful news”. The genres of informational instructions or advice characteristic of traditional consumer journalism in the spirit of lifestyle publications are transformed under the influence of the new communicative attitude into interactive (cards, games, tests, a cartographic application) and narrative (self-narrative, annotated announcement) formats. Combining the principles of service and participatory journalism, urban-oriented network media represent a completely successful experience in implementing an adaptive role aimed not only at shaping a culture of consumption, but also creating actual urban identity and a socially active community.
Polish law on copyright and related rights and the lesson of sharing
Authors:   Adam Mickiewicz University, Klafkowska-Waśniowska Katarzyna
Published: June 2022

The objective of this article is to provide an insight into Polish copyright law in a broader context of addressing new technologies and market development. The article starts with an introduction on general principles in Polish copyright law. The analysis then moves on to explain the structure of the Polish Act on Copyright and Related Rights of 1994 and its basic concepts, focusing on key issues such as the object of protection, the right holder, the scope of moral and economic rights and guidance to the provisions on permitted use. To the extent justified by the impact EU law on the Polish regulation, selected judgments of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) are also taken into account. The major interpretational problems encountered by Polish courts and Polish legal doctrine require a recourse to EU law. In some situations, as explained in the article, the problem linked to the interpretation and application of the Polish Copyright Act is a result of CJEU’s dynamic interpretation of the provisions of EU law. Based on the analysis of the key provisions of Polish copyright law, the article attempts to explain how the shared concerns are approached in the application of copyright law. For example, various explanations are offered in the legal doctrine on how to understand the conditions of originality and individual character, and whether and how to distinguish one from another, without unequivocal conclusions. Another problem illustrated here is the necessity to assess ad casum every result of an activity, rather than the general type of expression, like lectures, or school lessons. This case law however may shape the general approach to such a category of potential works. It is also clear that the provisions of a contract do not have a normative effect on granting protection, which depends on the factual assessment.
The concept and general characteristics of Polish securities law
Authors:   Adam Mickiewicz University, Janiak Andrzej
Published: June 2022

The article presents the general characteristics of Polish securities law and the main juridical, legislative and practical issues arising in this area of legal transactions. Securities law comprises a set of regulations that govern the principles of creating securities, the rules of trading in these instruments and the principles of exercising rights and performing obligations stemming from securities. Polish law does not define the concept of a security. The doctrine generally assumes that a security is a document stating a specific property right of a transferable nature, which incorporates this right into this document, the possession of which is a necessary condition for the exercise of this right and its disposal. Securities law in Poland has not been codified and its sources are dispersed. General issues are regulated in the provisions of Art. 9266–92616 of the Civil Code, while specific issues are regulated in legislative acts regulating particular types of securities, acts devoted essentially to other issues but also containing regulations of particular types of securities, and in normative acts of the European Union, in particular, in Regulations of the European Parliament and the Council (EU). Securities have been regulated in more or less detail under Polish law. However, there are considerable legislative issues that need to be addressed with regard to certain types of securities which have recently become “dematerialised” and this “dematerialisation” has made the traditional legal solutions governing them, which were essentially based on property law constructions, inadequate. What the Polish legislator has not achieved yet is uniform set of legal solutions that could apply to both tangible and intangible, dematerialised securities taking the form of book entries only. As a result, we have to do with a certain regulatory dualism in this area in Poland. The general provisions on securities contained in the Civil Code are generally applicable to traditional securities, whereas the issue and trading in dematerialised securities is regulated by other provisions as well, mainly the Act on trading in financial instruments of 2005.
Pursuing claims in Polish civil process
Authors:   Adam Mickiewicz University, Knoppek Krzysztof
Published: June 2022

This article presents an outline of the basic issues of pursuing claims in Polish civil process and, more broadly, in Polish civil proceedings. It contains a short introduction to the history of the Polish Code of Civil Procedure, taking into account the period before World War II, the post-war period, and the period after the political transformation of 1989–1990. The article indicates a characteristic change in the leading principles of civil procedure in Poland over the last 30 years and the influence of foreign legislation and foreign doctrine on the position of Polish science in the civil process. The article explains the basic concepts of Polish civil procedural law, taking into account the last major amendment to the Code of Civil Procedure of July 4, 2019. It discusses the way to obtaining judicial legal protection in civil and non-litigious proceedings. When discussing specific issues of consideration of claims in civil proceedings, it should be kept in mind that every year Polish courts consider about 20 million civil cases (including arbitration cases), while criminal cases in Poland are considered 10 times less. This shows the leading role of civil law and judicial proceedings in the Polish justice system and public relations in Poland. This also means that a much larger number of civil lawyers are required in the legal field than lawyers specializing in criminal cases. In the general courts, we have much more judicial boards that apply the provisions of civil proceedings than the boards dealing with criminal cases. Some lawyers are engaged exclusively in the application of civil law and civil proceedings, for example, bailiffs, judicial assistants, judges of collegiums in civil cases, notaries. Also, the vast majority of legal advisers provide legal services in civil cases, although they are also allowed to act as defenders in criminal cases.
Początki koncepcji natchnienia biblijnego w dyskursie religijnym
Authors: Baraniak Marek
Published: June 2022

The category of “Biblical inspiration” dates back to the biblical period. Subsequently, the early Jewish and Christian traditions made many attempts to describe it definitively. Over the centuries, many ways have emerged to understand the nature of the inspiration and to explain its relationship to the human author. One difficulty is the overly simple understanding of the inspiration model of the prophetic texts in the Bible.