bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Self-compassion in chronic pain: Validating the self-compassion scale short-form and exploring initial relationships with pain outcomes
Authors: Gillett Jenna L , Rakhimov Arman , Karadag Paige , Themelis Kristy , Ji Chen , Tang Nicole KY
Published: January 2025

Objectives

Validate the English version of the Self-C ompassion Scale S hort-F orm (SCS-SF) as a reliable measure in chronic pain. Explore self-compassion’s relationship with pain-related outcomes.

Methods

A total of 240 chronic pain patients (at 6-months) and 256 community participants (at 12-months) completed two prospective survey studies. SCS-SF psychometric properties were evaluated through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (EFA and CFA), exploratory structural equation modelling (ESEM), test–retest reliability (Pearson’s r) and internal consistency (Cronbach’s α) in both samples. Convergent validity/clinical relevance was assessed in the chronic pain sample via univariate linear regressions between self-compassion and pain intensity, interference, catastrophizing, self-efficacy, anxiety and depression.

Results

The SCS-SF showed acceptable internal consistency in both samples (α > 0.70, range = 0.74–0.79), high test–retest reliability over 6-months in the pain sample (r = 0.81, p < .001) and sub-threshold over 12-months in the community (r = 0.59 p < .001). EFA revealed a two-factor model distinguishing compassionate and uncompassionate self-responding in both samples. CFA identified a one-factor and two-factor model in both samples, but it did not meet statistical thresholds. ESEM identified the best fit for the chronic pain group was for a two-factor model (RMSEA and SRMR < 0.08; CFI and TLI > 0.90), whereas no models met acceptable fit criteria in the community group. A two-bifactor Bayesian model had suitable fit in both groups. In the chronic pain sample, SCS-SF and compassionate self-responding negatively predicted pain intensity, interference, anxiety, depression, catastrophizing and positively predicted self-efficacy over 6-months. Uncompassionate self-responding positively predicted anxiety, depression, catastrophizing and negatively predicted self-efficacy but did not predict pain outcomes.

Discussion

The SCS-SF is a reliable and valid measure in chronic pain. Total and sub-factor scores appear to have distinct relationships with pain outcomes. Future research should consider self-compassion as a unitary and/or bifactorial (consisting of compassionate and uncompassionate self-responding) construct in chronic pain when measured using the SCS-SF.
Opportunities and barriers for reimbursement of digital therapeutics in Austria: Findings From expert interviews
Authors: Sareban Mahdi , Treff Gunnar , Smeddinck Jan David , Hussein Rada , Niebauer Josef
Published: January 2025

Background

Digital therapeutics (DTx) are software-based interventions that aim to prevent or treat especially non-communicable diseases. Currently, no framework for reimbursement of DTx exists in Austria. The aim of this study was to gather a comprehensive perspective on regulatory considerations of Austrian stakeholders with regard to reimbursement of DTx and to outline strategies for establishing a national reimbursement framework.

Methods

Based on a stakeholder analysis, seven semi-structured interviews with Austrian experts from the digital health-related fields medicine, public health, health technology assessment, health industry and social security providers were conducted. Interviews were analyzed according to seven predefined themes.

Results

Overall, participants agreed that reimbursement of DTx by the public insurance in Austria is desirable. Prerequisites are (i) a high user and prescriber acceptance of DTx, which must be integrated into a transparent and interoperable Austrian e-Health infrastructure, (ii) a sufficient, risk-based level of evidence for clinical effectiveness, (iii) national authorities that transparently provide evidence-base, indications, contra-indications and potential risks, (iv) adopting European regulations about data security, secondary use of data and use of artificial intelligence and (v) a health-economical evaluation of DTx.

Conclusion

A comprehensive national strategy for reimbursing DTx will need to consider technical, scientific and socio-economical requirements, patient safety and liability, secure health data handling and use of artificial intelligence in order to establish a sound framework with equitable access also for socioeconomically disadvantaged persons in order to address the growing burden of non-communicable diseases.
Applicability of the decomposed theory of planned behavior for the evaluation of community-dwelling older adults’ acceptance in continuous usage of robot-assisted board games for cognitive training
Authors: Huang Chiu-Mieh , Huang Su-Fei , Chen Yu-Ting , Chang Ching-Hao , Chien Hsiu-Chun , Chang Ying-Jie , Huang Kuei-Yu , Guo Jong-Long
Published: January 2025

Background

Improving cognitive function in healthy older adults is a global concern. Cognitive training delays mental deterioration. The utilization of robots and board games for aiding older adults in cognitive training represents a prominent technological trend and is a subject of meriting investigation.

Objective

This study evaluates the acceptability and factors influencing the continuous usage intention of a robot-assisted board game (RABG) for cognitive training in community-dwelling older adults based on the decomposed theory of planned behavior (DTPB).

Methods

In this explanatory study, we developed an RABG with six educational modules. The experiences of 126 older adults recruited from northern Taiwan who completed the program were assessed using a DTPB-based questionnaire. Partial least-squares structural equation modeling was used to examine the correlations.

Results

The results demonstrate the DTPB's sufficient fitness and 79.9% explanatory power for the continuous usage intention of the RABG, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed structural model. Perceived usefulness positively affected attitude and continuous usage intention, indicating that perceived usefulness is critical in promoting older adults’ continuous usage intention. The interpersonal influence was a major antecedent of subjective norms. Self-efficacy affects perceived behavioral control. Attitudes and perceived behavioral control affected users’ intentions to use the RABG.

Conclusions

Our findings support the applicability of the DTPB in evaluating RABGs for cognitive training in older adults, suggesting its potential integration in future interventions.
Factors associated with self-reported work ability among people with multiple sclerosis in Sweden
Authors: Teni Fitsum Sebsibe , Machado Alejandra , Dervish Jessica , Fink Katharina , Gyllensten Hanna , Friberg Emilie
Published: January 2025

Background

Work ability index (WAI) is an instrument that measures work ability in workplace surveys and health examinations in occupational health and research. It has been used in different population groups. But research is limited among people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS).

Objective

To determine the factors associated with work ability among PwMS in Sweden.

Methods

A total of 4103 PwMS who answered a web-based survey were included in the analysis. Work ability was assessed using the work ability score (WAS) component of WAI. Univariable and multivariable linear regression analyses were performed to assess the association of sociodemographic, clinical, and self-reported health variables with WAS.

Results

Just over half of the PwMS reported good (37.0%) or excellent (16.3%) WAS. The overall mean WAS was 6.9 (standard deviation = 2.8). Health-related quality of life (R-squared = 31.6%), fatigue (28.3%), occupation (22.6%), and expanded disability status scale (EDSS) score (18.1%), explained the highest proportions of variation in WAS, individually. In the adjusted model, occupation, EDSS score, and fatigue had the strongest associations with WAS with significantly lower scores in those with no occupation, higher EDSS score, and severe fatigue levels.

Conclusion

Work ability among PwMS was lower than in the general population in Sweden. Occupation, EDSS score and fatigue were among the most important factors associated with work ability.
Cardiac metastasis of a soft tissue sarcoma: Case report and review of literature
Authors: Chetoui Ayoub , Alouazen Oula , Yazghi Martahe Lamya , Oulad Amar Asmae , Alaoui Rachidi Siham
Published: January 2025

Cardiac metastases are the most frequent cardiac tumors. They can cause dysrhythmia, myocardial dysfunction, pericardial effusion, and heart failure. In decreasing order, the major primary malignancies associated with cardiac metastases are pleural mesothelioma, lung adenocarcinoma, undifferentiated carcinomas, lung squamous cell carcinoma, and breast carcinoma. Cardiac metastasis of sarcomas is uncommon, and only a limited number of cases have been found in literature. We report the case of an incidentally discovered cardiac metastasis when assessing the extension of a thigh mass in a 45-year-old man.
A Bibliometric Analysis of Language Legislation Research From 2005 to 2023
Authors: Zhang Chen , Zhao Ronghui , Huang Yan
Published: January 2025

Language legislation, given its importance in language rights, has received increasing attention over the past decades. This study offers a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the literature on language legislation from 2005 to 2023. By utilizing VOSViewer and CiteSpace, we have visualized and analyzed the scientific outputs, intellectual structure, and evolving research trends in this field. The main findings are summarized as follows. First, there has been a notable increase in the number of publications on language legislation over the past two decades, with “ The Language Situation in Luxembourg” emerging as the most influential publication. Eva Pons Parera stands out as the most prolific author, while the Journal of Language and Law is identified as the most impactful journal. The University of Barcelona and Spain are recognized as the leading institution and country in terms of productivity. Second, the central areas in language legislation research include language and law, and the sociology of language, with the multilingual legislation, the multi-domain application of language legislation, and the advocacy for language rights among minority groups are pinpointed as the hotspots. Third, future research is likely to center on the formulation, implementation and evaluation of language laws, especially concerning minority and disabled groups; the protection of language rights; and the management of linguistic pluralism on an international scale. Overall, these findings provide a valuable resource for researchers, policymakers, and stakeholders, offering insights into the current state and future directions of language legislation research.
Meaningful Engagement as a Cornerstone for Implementing the Key Recommendations to Advance the Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights of Women Living With HIV Across Policy, Practice, and Research in Canada
Authors: Osborne Zoë , Habanyama Muluba , Cameron Brittany , de Pokomandy Alexandra , Gagnier Brenda , King Elizabeth , Koebel Jill , Loutfy Mona , Martin Carrie , Masching Renée , Narasimhan Manjulaa , Nicholson Valerie , Pick Neora , Smith Stephanie , Tognazzini Shelly , Tharao Wangari , Kaida Angela
Published: January 2025

In 2022, a community-academic collaborative team published 5 key recommendations for developing a national action plan to advance the sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) of women living with HIV in Canada. In 2023, a national gathering was convened to strategize implementation of the recommendations across policy, practice, and research settings. Discussions highlighted that meaningful engagement of women living with HIV (recommendation 1) is foundational to implementing the other recommendations. Meaningful engagement requires SRHR stakeholders to: actively dismantle power differentials; commit to engagement as an ongoing process; learn about regionally specific epidemiology and sociostructural forces that create and sustain vulnerability for HIV among women; invest in creating supportive infrastructure; and integrate Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion principles to call diverse groups into the conversation. This Canadian initiative demonstrates how global guidelines can be transformed into nationally tailored action plans to advance the SRHR of women living with HIV, grounded in meaningful engagement.
Examining the Prevalence of Sports-Related Injuries in Collegiate Baseball Players
Authors: Ishikawa Hiroaki , Cushman Daniel M. , Tashjian Robert Z. , Chalmers Peter N.
Published: January 2025

Background:

Sports-related injuries remain a significant problem for collegiate baseball players. Although some studies reported the epidemiology of sports-related injuries among collegiate baseball players, the latest information on sport-related injuries should be provided.

Purpose:

To examine the current trends of sports-related injuries among collegiate baseball players in the Pacific 12 (PAC-12) Conference.

Study Design:

Descriptive epidemiology study.

Methods:

Demographic and injury data were obtained from a database of the PAC-12 Health Analytics Program between 2016 and 2021. Injury incidence, type, mechanism, and outcome were analyzed. The annual incidence of injuries was defined as the number of injuries per total players for 1 year. Detailed reports of the 20 most common specific diagnoses were generated.

Results:

A total of 1434 sports-related injuries occurred in 6 years, with the number increasing from 2016 (n = 75; incidence, 8.5 per 100 player-years) to 2021 (n = 378; incidence, 43 per 100 player-years). Most of the injuries occurred in pitchers (33.6%), were acute (76.6%), resulted in missed time (68.8%), and were new injuries (86.9%). In addition, most injuries were caused by noncontact events (53.2%) and occurred during in-season games (39.9%) and practice (47.4%). Only 1.3% of sports-related injuries did not result in a return to the previous activity level. Rotator cuff tendon injuries were the most common specific diagnoses (n = 98), followed by ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injuries (n = 63), hamstring muscle strains (n = 60), ankle ligament sprains (n = 46), and hand/wrist fractures (n = 40). UCL injuries had the highest proportion of surgical interventions (41.3% of all UCL injuries) and the longest days to clearance (167 ± 197 days) among the 20 most common diagnoses.

Conclusion:

The number of sports-related injuries among PAC-12 collegiate baseball players has increased by approximately 5 times over the past 6 years. Rotator cuff tendon injuries followed by UCL injuries, hamstring muscle strains, ankle ligament sprains, and hand/wrist fractures are the most common specific diagnoses among this cohort of collegiate baseball players. Of the 20 most common specific diagnoses, UCL injuries most often require surgical interventions and had the longest return to playtime.
A Holistic Examination of How Professional Learning and Curriculum Relate to Ambitious and Culturally Relevant Instruction and Student Engagement
Authors: Desimone Laura M. , Bell Nick , Lentz Arielle , Hill Kirsten L. , Marianno Latrice
Published: January 2025

To shape professional learning (PL) and curriculum interventions for successfully transforming instruction, we need to better understand how multiple aspects of the system work. Applying structural equation modeling with a sample of 437 teachers in 153 middle and high schools in 11 districts serving 50% or more Black or Latinx students, we found that teachers are significantly more likely to use ambitious and culturally responsive (CR) instruction in the classroom and that student engagement increases when PL and curriculum adoption are (1) targeted toward ambitious and CR instruction, (2) provide clear, specific directions to teachers, (3) are aligned with each other, (4) are supported by teachers, and (5) are accompanied by incentives. PL worked through fostering stronger beliefs in and confidence using CR instruction. The curriculum and PL had both independent and interactive effects on bolstering the use of ambitious and CR instruction.
Becoming Future Health Professionals: The Role of Experiential Learning on Exercise Science Students’ Pre-Professional Identity
Authors: Park Junhyuk , Yun Sanga , Yli-Piipari Sami
Published: January 2025

Pre-Professional Identity (PPI) forms by internalizing professional skills, knowledge, and values of the intended future profession into one’s identity. This process enables individuals to act, think, and feel like professionals. Upon graduation, the majority of students in exercise science pursue careers in various health professions, and their undergraduate experiences significantly influence the formation of PPI. Future health professionals who develop a strong PPI are better equipped to navigate their professional careers with purpose and meaning, contributing to both stability and longevity in their profession. This study explores the impact of an experiential learning course on PPI formation among exercise science major students. Eleven students participated in this study and the data were collected through semi-structured individual interviews and reflection papers. Four key themes were identified in this study: Experiencing and Reflecting, Acting and Thinking Like a Professional, Feeling Like a Professional, and Constructing a Pre-Professional Identity as a Health Professional. Through experiential learning, followed by guided reflection, exercise science students were able to apply their knowledge and skills in real-world situations and embody professional values, influencing the development of PPI as future health professionals. This study provides insights into how experiential learning can shape the PPI of future health professionals. Also, this study highlights the importance of intentionally integrating various strategies that contribute to the formation of PPI among exercise science students.
Underground bench blast fragmentation: Comparison of a multivariate regression model to established predictive models
Authors: Shields Lauren , Calnan Josh , Silva Jhon , Agioutantis Zach
Published: January 2025

This article presents a comparative analysis of predictive models for bench blast fragmentation in underground mining operations, focusing on the performance of a novel multivariate regression model using cross-validation techniques against established surface blasting models. The study evaluates the efficacy of the multivariate regression model in predicting blast fragmentation from bench blasts in an underground metal mine, utilising separate datasets for model training and validation. The multivariate regression model is compared against two well-known and used fragmentation surface blasting models: the modified Kuz-Ram model and the Kuznetsov-Cunningham-Ouchterlony model. The performance evaluation metrics used include the mean absolute error, the mean absolute percentage error, the root mean square error and the relative root mean square error. Results demonstrate the effectiveness of the multivariate regression model in accurately predicting blast fragmentation in underground bench-blasting mining scenarios. The parameters in the model include burden, spacing, powder factor, rock factor, blastability index, stemming and relative weight strength to ANFO. Comparative analysis revealed superior performance in terms of predictive accuracy when compared to both the modified Kuz-Ram model and the Kuznetsov-Cunningham-Ouchterlony model. The multivariate regression model exhibited lower mean absolute error and root mean square error values, as well as reduced relative root mean square error values, indicating its capability to provide more precise predictions of blast fragmentation outcomes in underground environments. This research contributes to the advancement of bench blast fragmentation prediction techniques in underground mining, offering insights into the potential application of multivariate regression analysis in optimising blasting operations and enhancing productivity within underground metal mines.
Changing or validating physician opioid prescribing behaviors through audit and feedback and academic detailing interventions in primary care
Authors: Laur Celia , Kithulegoda Natasha , McCleary Nicola , Nicholas Angl Emily , Strange Michael , Sklar Barbara , Sribaskaran Thivja , Dobell Gail , Gushue Sharon , Lam Jonathan M. C. , Bevan Lindsay , Burton Victoria , Salach Lena , Presseau Justin , Desveaux Laura , Ivers Noah
Published: January 2025

Background

In Ontario, Canada, province-wide initiatives supporting safer opioid prescribing in primary care include voluntary audit and feedback reports and academic detailing. In this process evaluation, we aimed to determine the fidelity of delivery and receipt of the interventions, the observed change strategies used by physicians, potential mechanisms of action, and how complementary the initiatives can be to each other.

Method

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with academic detailers and with physicians who received both interventions. Academic detailer interviews were coded using the Behavior Change Technique Taxonomy; physician interviews were coded to the Theoretical Domain Framework. Change strategies were summarized based on academic detailer intentions and physician-reported practice changes. Potential mechanisms of action were identified using the Theories and Techniques Tool and the literature. Patient partners informed the interpretation of results through ongoing group discussions of preliminary findings.

Results

Interviews were conducted with eight academic detailers and 12 physicians. Change strategies described by academic detailers to support physicians’ opioid prescribing included problem solving, instructions on how to perform the behavior, adding objects to the environment, credible source, shaping knowledge, and social support. Physicians mentioned that academic detailing validated current opioid practices or increased their belief about capabilities and their intentions, mediated by increased skills and the impact of environmental context and resources. Potential mechanisms of action included behavioral regulation, behavioral cueing, and general attitudes/beliefs. On its own, receiving the audit and feedback report did not lead to changes in beliefs about prescribing practices; however, for some physicians, it provided validation and reassurance. Physicians saw unrealized potential for complementarity.

Conclusions

New interventions are often implemented in a complex ecosystem with other competing interventions. In this study, we show how examining the fidelity of the intervention from initial design through to delivery can identify opportunities for potential optimization.
Evaluation of wind energy potential in Lunga District, Luapula Province, Zambia
Authors: Mutale Sydney , Wang Yong , Banda Amos , Jan Yasir
Published: January 2025

Zambia's electricity generation mix currently excludes wind power, despite the potential for wind energy to mitigate power deficits and increase renewable energy generation. This study evaluates the wind energy potential in Lunga District, Luapula Province, using wind speed data collected at 40 m, 50 m, and 60 m hub heights from 2017 to 2025. The annual mean wind speed was found to be 5.4 m/s at 60 m and 6.8 m/s at an extrapolated hub height of 116.5 m, indicating moderate wind conditions suitable for wind energy harvesting. Two wind farm scenarios were analyzed: (1) two Vergnet GEV MP-200 wind turbines (60 m hub height) and (2) two Vestas V117-3.45 wind turbines (116.5 m hub height). Using WAsP and WindPRO software, the P50 net energy yields were 525.4 MWh/year and 30.2 GWh/year, respectively. This study highlights the feasibility of utilizing wind energy for rural electrification and provides a basis for policy formulation to encourage private sector investments. Future research should include financial feasibility studies and environmental assessments to support the deployment of wind energy projects in Zambia.
Global Companies and China’s Data Privacy Laws: Analysing DIDI'S Case and Regulatory Compliance Implications
Authors: Conde Inma , Li Yixian , Vyas Ravi Prakash
Published: January 2025

China is emerging as a leader in artificial intelligence and data collection, particularly for its pre-eminence in facial recognition technology. This network offers significant benefits for public security – it expedites investigations, aids in precise identification of criminals, and assist in crime prevention measures. However, the extensive collection of biometric data engenders concerns about the potential infringement upon individual privacy rights through its possible misuse. In 2022, Didi Global Inc (‘Didi’), a multinational company, received the highest regulatory penalty to date in a data protection lawsuit within China. The Cyberspace Administration of China (‘CAC’), the country's data protection regulator, did not disclose the specific provisions of Chinese or international law that had been breached. To address this gap, this article analyses Didi's case and identifies the national and international laws infringed. It also offers a comparative examination of Chinese laws and international standards such as International Human Rights and European Union's General Data Protection (‘GDPR’), underscoring the gaps and areas for improvement. This article underscores the importance of robust compliance with data protection laws to prevent unlawful data practices by multinational corporations across the Asia-Pacific region and serves as a call to action for global organizations to prioritize data privacy and security.
Development and Outcomes of a Provider-Driven, Online Continuing Education Program on Integrative Palliative Care: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Collinge William , Kozak Leila , Mist Scott , Soltysik Robert
Published: January 2025

Background

Integrative therapies are increasingly in demand for both symptom management and quality of life in palliative care (PC) populations. Multidisciplinary PC professionals need continuing education/continuing medical education (CE/CME) to keep current on the evidence-informed use of integrative therapies in PC planning.

Objectives

(1) Elicit input from multidisciplinary PC providers on needs for CE/CME content on integrative care, and indicators of implementation for use in impact assessment. (2) Produce an online CE/CME program responsive to provider input. (3) Assess program impact on PC providers in a randomized controlled trial.

Methods

Focus groups with 47 multidisciplinary PC personnel assessed needs for CE/CME content and identified practice-related behaviors indicating implementation of integrative care. Qualitative analysis then informed development a 9-hour CE/CME program, and identified candidate items for an outcome measure (Integrative Practice Assessment) to assess impact. Validation testing followed with 63 new subjects. A randomized, waitlist-controlled trial then assessed program impact on (1) confidence understanding evidence-informed use of integrative therapies in PC, and (2) implementation of practice behaviors that promote integrative care.

Results

213 subjects were randomized and 170 provided follow-up data on program impact. Subjects’ confidence (10-point scale) understanding safety considerations increased from 5.4 to 8.7; recommending modalities, from 4.2 to 8.3; and explaining modalities, from 4.8 to 8.5. Direct actions promoting integrative care in the last 10 patient encounters increased (12.2 to 17.9). Indirect actions taken in the work setting increased in the past month to advocate integrative therapies (from 5.7 to 9.1), and to promote organizational change (from 10.9 to 18.2). (All outcomes P < .001).

Conclusion

This provider-driven CE/CME program led to significant positive changes in practitioners’ self-efficacy and implementation of integrative care practices in PC settings. The results indicate that CE/CME can have measurable impacts that benefit providers and may potentially impact patients, families and the culture of care.
Potential and challenges of underground CO2 storage via in-situ mineralization in Switzerland
Authors: Martin Adrian , Becattini Viola , Marieni Chiara , Kolbeinsdóttir Salka , Mazzotti Marco , Gunatilake Thanushika
Published: January 2025

Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technologies play a critical role in achieving global and Swiss climate goals, particularly with Switzerland aiming to domestically store some of its residual CO2 emissions. In situ mineralization presents a promising avenue for stable and permanent CO2 sequestration. This study aims to evaluate the potential of CO2 storage via in situ mineralization in the Swiss underground. A set of technical/geological criteria was defined and used to identify, evaluate, and classify the various geological formations. The selected areas identified and evaluated include alpine tectonic units with large volumes of mafic and ultramafic rocks. Despite the presence of suitable rock types, these units are marked by alpine deformation with highly complex structures, rock mixtures, and complex bedrock hydrogeology. The old, altered, and metamorphic nature of the alpine mafic and ultramafic rock formations results in minimal permeability and porosity, consequently impeding CO2 injectivity and mineralization kinetics, particularly given the low average geothermal gradient. Additionally, challenges related to water resource requirements, storage site location and accessibility, financial costs, regulation, social acceptance, and environmental impacts further impact feasibility negatively. This study concludes that CO2 sequestration via in situ mineralization in the Swiss context is unfeasible in the near term and possibly unsuitable in the long one.
Comparative analysis of HKTs in six poplar species and functional characterization of PyHKTs in stress-affected tissues
Authors: Liu Xiaojiao , Shi Lincui , Bai Hezi , Wang Jing , Yu Anmin , Liu Aizhong , Li Ping
Published: January 2025

Plant HKTs (High-affinity K+ transporters) are essential transporters for ion transport and homeostasis and play crucial roles in plant growth and stress responses. However, the evolution of HKTs in Populus species and their functions require further investigation. In this study, we identified 16 HKTs from six Populus species. All poplar HKTs were classified as Class I HKTs because of their physiological relationships and the conservation of amino acids in key structures, which aligns with their conserved evolutionary coding sequences. The analysis of the protein domains, motifs and gene structures of 16 poplar HKTs revealed consistent conservation, with the exception of two members. The number of homologs and their chromosome locations indicated the differentiation of HKTs during poplar evolution and adaptation. Poplar HKTs can be classified into two subgroups on the basis of their physiological relationships and distinct protein structures. Gene expression pattern analysis revealed that poplar HKTs presented relatively high expression levels in roots and stems under salt stress. Furthermore, cis-element analysis and protein interaction predictions provide insights into the functions of HKTs under salt stress through the activation of ion transporters, proline content, and ATPases regulated by hormonal signals and MYB transcription factors. In conclusion, our research established a theoretical framework for investigating the evolutionary relationships and functional roles of HKTs in Populus species and offered valuable insights into the functions and underlying mechanisms of poplar HKTs in specific tissues under various stress conditions.
Thoracic vertebral body erosion due to a perianeurysmal outpouching lesion after thoracic endovascular aortic repair: a case report and literature review
Authors: Kim Hong Jin , Ahn Joonghyun , Ha Kee-Yong , Chang Dong-Gune
Published: January 2025

Background

The safety of endovascular treatment, such as thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR), for a descending thoracic aortic aneurysm has been well-established, with a reported low postoperative mortality rate but higher incidences of long-term complications such as endo-leakage, device failure, and aneurysm-related death. Based on this, we report the first case of massive thoracic vertebral body erosion due to a perianeurysmal outpouching lesion after TEVAR.

Case presentation

A 77-year-old female with a history of TEVAR due to descending thoracic aortic arch aneurysm 4 years ago was referred from the cardiovascular clinic to the spine center. The patient presented with persisting back pain, which began 3 years after TEVAR and progressively worsened. Physical examination was notable for tenderness in the upper thoracic region without any neurological deficits. Computed tomography of the aorta and thoracic spine showed bony erosion into the T5–T7 vertebral bodies. Magnetic resonance imaging of the thoracic spine confirmed a perianeurysmal outpouching lesion eroding into the T5–T7 vertebral bodies due to pulsating pressure. We performed the posterior instrumented fusion from T3 to T9 at the thoracic spine and TEVAR at remnant endo-leakage lesions.

Conclusions

Since the progression of such a condition can have a catastrophic outcome, and because the treatment options vary, serial follow-up through an interdisciplinary approach is important in cases with a high index of suspicion of a perianeurysmal outpouching lesion.
Global, regional, and national burden of anxiety disorders during the perimenopause (1990–2021) and projections to 2035
Authors: Zhang Ying , Hu Ting-Ting , Cheng Yong-Ran , Zhang Zhi-Fen , Su Jun
Published: January 2025

Purpose

Perimenopause is associated with an increased risk of anxiety disorders, largely due to hormonal changes affecting the body’s regulatory feedback mechanisms. This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the global burden of anxiety disorders among perimenopausal women.

Methods

Data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database were utilized to assess disability-adjusted life years associated with anxiety disorders linked to perimenopause. We calculated trends using the estimated average percent change, and future projections were made using the Bayesian age–period–cohort model to estimate disability-adjusted life year trends for anxiety disorders from 2022 to 2035.

Results

Between 1990 and 2021, the global age-standardized disability-adjusted life year rate for anxiety disorders among perimenopausal women increased from 625.51 (95% uncertainty interval: 429.1–891.09) to 677.15 (95% uncertainty interval: 469.45–952.72), indicating a rising trend with an estimated average percent change of 0.081 (95% confidence interval: 0.0043–0.143). Regional differences were noted, with anxiety disorder burdens varying across areas with different sociodemographic index levels. Projections suggest that by 2035, the global burden of anxiety disorders in perimenopausal women will rise to 1,180.43 per 100,000, a 40.67% increase compared with 2021 levels.

Conclusion

The burden of anxiety disorders during perimenopause is a growing global concern, with a significant increase anticipated in the coming years. Targeted prevention and intervention strategies are urgently needed to mitigate this rising burden and improve mental health outcomes during perimenopause.
Can home care work be organized to promote musculoskeletal health for workers? Results from the GoldiCare cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lohne Fredrik Klæboe , Fimland Marius Steiro , Palarea-Albaladejo Javier , Mathiassen Svend Erik , Holtermann Andreas , Redzovic Skender
Published: January 2025

Background

Workers in home care have high sick leave rates, predominantly because of musculoskeletal pain. The Goldilocks Work Principle proposes that health should be promoted by a “just right” composition of work tasks. Weekly workloads differ substantially between home care workers, suggesting that certain workers may have workloads that are too high, impacting their musculoskeletal health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a “GoldiCare” intervention redistributing weekly workloads to become more equal among the homecare workers. Outcomes were pain in the neck/shoulder and lower back, and the implementation of the intervention was also evaluated.

Methods

A 16-week cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted with 125 workers from 11 home care units, divided into six intervention units and five control units. The operation coordinators of each intervention unit were educated in the Goldilocks Work Principle and provided with a planning tool to facilitate an even distribution of high care need clients. The control group continued their usual work. Primary outcomes were pain intensity in the neck/shoulder and lower back (0 to 10). Secondary outcomes included fatigue (0 to 10), composition of physical behaviors and postures (accelerometers), adherence to the intervention (weekly usage rates of the planning tool), and performance of the intervention (percentage of workers with an even distribution of workload).

Results

The analysis showed no difference between the intervention and control groups in change in lower back pain (0.07, 95%CI[-0.29;0.43]), neck/shoulder pain (-0.06, 95%CI[-0.49;0.36]) or fatigue (0.04, 95%CI[-0.52;0.61]. No significant changes were observed in the composition of physical behaviors (p = 0.067) or postures (p = 0.080–0.131) between the two groups. The intervention was succesfully implemented in three units of the six, with adherence ranging from 82–100% across the intervention period. The remaining three units had an adherence of 0–47%. No improvement in performance was observed.

Conclusion

No significant intervention effects were observed on musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, or the composition of physical behaviors and postures. The findings suggest that the intervention was not adequately implemented within the organization. Consequently, we cannot discern whether the lack of positive results were due to poor implementation or an ineffective intervention. Results thus highlight the need for a more comprehensive understanding of organizational structures within home care to facilitate more effective implementations. The hypothetical effectiveness of a fully implemented intervention remains unknown.

Trial registration

Clinicaltrials.gov ID: NCT05487027, submitted: 03/08/2022.
A conformational change of C-reactive protein drives neutrophil extracellular trap formation in inflammation
Authors: Karasu Ebru , Halbgebauer Rebecca , Schütte Lena , Greven Johannes , Bläsius Felix M. , Zeller Johannes , Winninger Oscar , Braig David , Messerer David Alexander Christian , Berger Bettina , Feuerstein Hendrik , Schultze Anke , Peter Karlheinz , Knippschild Uwe , Horst Klemens , Hildebrand Frank , Eisenhardt Steffen U. , Huber-Lang Markus
Published: January 2025

Background

C-reactive protein (CRP) represents a routine diagnostic marker of inflammation. Dissociation of native pentameric CRP (pCRP) into the monomeric structure (mCRP) liberates proinflammatory features, presumably contributing to excessive immune cell activation via unknown molecular mechanisms.

Results

In a multi-translational study of systemic inflammation, we found a time- and inflammation-dependent pCRP dissociation into mCRP. We were able to confirm that mCRP co-localizes with leukocytes at the site of injury after polytrauma and therefore assessed whether the CRP conformation potentiates neutrophil activation. We found mCRP-induced neutrophil-extracellular trap formation in vitro and ex vivo involving nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase activation, p38/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling, and histone H3 citrullination. Mimicking the trauma milieu in a human ex vivo whole blood model, we found significant mCRP generation as well as NET formation, prevented by blocking pCRP conformational changes.

Conclusions

Our data provide novel molecular insights how CRP dissociation contributes to neutrophil activation as driver of various inflammatory disorders.
Impact of essential oil and probiotics supplementation on growth performance, serum biomarkers, antioxidants status, bioenergetics and histomorphometry of intestine of Nile tilapia fingerlings challenged with Aeromonas veronii
Authors: Raslan Walaa S. , Shehab Ahmed , Matter Aya F. , Youssuf Hadeer A. , Farid Omar Ahmed , Sabek Ahmed , Magdy Yasmeen , Kadah Amgad
Published: January 2025

Background

Probiotics and essential oils feed supplements are widely used in the aquaculture sector. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with probiotics, essential oils and their combination on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters, antioxidant capacity, resistance against Aeromonas veronii, and intestinal histomorphology of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). A total of 360 O. niloticus fingerlings were randomly assigned to four groups (3 replicates/ group; each replicate contains 30 fish) based on the different dietary treatments. The first group was fed a basal control diet (G1), the second group was fed a basal diet supplemented with 0.015% probiotic (Klu-zetar®) (G2), the third group was fed a basal diet with 0.015% essential oil (ACTIVO®) (G3), and the fourth group was fed a basal diet mixed with 0.015% Klu-zetar® and 0.015% ACTIVO®, (G4) for 6 weeks. At the end of the trial fish were intraperitoneally injected with pathogenic bacteria Aeromonas veronii and the fish mortality rate was recorded for 7 days post infection.

Results

The results revealed that using probiotics and or essential oils in Nile tilapia diets improved growth performance, reduced oxidative stress, enhanced immunity, maintained intestinal integrity, and enhanced resistance to pathogenic infection (P ≤ 0.05).

Conclusions

It is concluded that the use of probiotics and/ or essential oils enhance the overall outcomes of Nile tilapia, so it is highly recommended to be used in aquaculture management.
Extracellular vesicle-mediated approaches for the diagnosis and therapy of MASLD: current advances and future prospective
Authors: Gurjar Swasthika , Bhat A Ramanarayana , Upadhya Raghavendra , Shenoy Revathi P.
Published: January 2025

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is an asymptomatic, multifaceted condition often associated with various risk factors, including fatigue, obesity, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and sleep apnea. The increasing burden of MASLD underscores the critical need for early diagnosis and effective therapies. Owing to the lack of efficient therapies for MASLD, early diagnosis is crucial. Consequently, noninvasive biomarkers and imaging techniques are essential for analyzing disease risk and play a pivotal role in the global diagnostic process. The use of extracellular vesicles has emerged as promising for early diagnosis and therapy of various liver ailments. Herein, a comprehensive summary of the current diagnostic modalities for MASLD is presented, highlighting their advantages and limitations while exploring the potential of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as innovative diagnostic and therapeutic tools for MASLD. With this aim, this review emphasizes an in-depth understanding of the origin of EVs and the pathophysiological alterations of these ectosomes and exosomes in various liver diseases. This review also explores the therapeutic potential of EVs as key components in the future management of liver disease. The dual role of EVs as biomarkers and their therapeutic utility in MASLD essentially highlights their clinical integration to improve MASLD diagnosis and treatment. While EV-based therapies are still in their early stages of development and require substantial research to increase their therapeutic value before they can be used clinically, the diagnostic application of EVs has been extensively explored. Moving forward, developing diagnostic devices leveraging EVs will be crucial in advancing MASLD diagnosis. Thus, the literature summarized provides suitable grounds for clinicians and researchers to explore EVs for devising diagnostic and treatment strategies for MASLD.
The importance of multiple Z- plasty- assisted physical therapy in the treatment of Dupuytren’s contracture
Authors: Elmelegy Nader Gomaa , Nader Dalia
Published: January 2025

Background

The palmar aponeurosis is extremely adherent to the skin above it. Many of the pre-tendinous coarse fibers enter the dermis at an angle, not just in the palmar creases but also throughout the palm. It’s difficult to distinguish whether Dupuytren’s illness starts in the skin’s dermis or the palmar aponeurosis since the skin adheres so closely to the palmar fascia. In this work, we have investigated the clinical and histological origins of Dupuytren’s disease, as well as its impact on the disease’s management.

Methods

A clinical prospective study was conducted on 47 patients, 42 males and 5 females, who presented with Dupuytren’s contracture in the hands (29 patients were bilateral and 18 one-sided), in the period between April 2012 and September 2020.

Results

Histologically, all our specimens showed chronic inflammatory skin lesions showing hyperkeratotic epidermal covering and dermal infiltration with aggregates of chronic inflammatory cells, mainly lymphocytes and plasma cells, proliferated vascular spaces, and fibrous stroma. Clinical satisfaction was excellent in 67(88.2%) hands, good in six (7.8%)hands, fair in three (4%) hands, and no poor results.

Conclusions

Dupuytren’s disease is a chronic inflammatory skin illness that can penetrate fascia, as we’ve proved histologically and surgically. For a considerable reduction in recurrence, the adhering skin and accompanying cord must be removed.

Level of evidence

IV – therapeutic study.
hnRNPU-mediated pathogenic alternative splicing drives gastric cancer progression
Authors: Jin Guoguo , Song Yanming , Fang Shaobo , Yan Mingyang , Yang Zhaojie , Shao Yang , Zhao Kexin , Liu Meng , Wang Zhenwei , Guo Zhiping , Dong Zigang
Published: January 2025

Background

Alternative splicing (AS) is a process that facilitates the differential inclusion of exonic sequences from precursor messenger RNAs, significantly enhancing the diversity of the transcriptome and proteome. In cancer, pathogenic AS events are closely related to cancer progression. This study aims to investigate the role and regulatory mechanisms of AS in gastric cancer (GC).

Methods

We analyzed AS events in various tumor samples and identified hnRNPU as a key splicing factor in GC. The effects of hnRNPU on cancer progression were assessed through in vitro and in vivo experiments. Gene knockout models and the FTO inhibitor (meclofenamic acid) were used to validate the interaction between hnRNPU and FTO and their impact on AS.

Results

We found that hnRNPU serves as a key splicing factor in GC, and its high expression is associated with poor clinical prognosis. Genetic depletion of hnRNPU significantly reduced GC progression. Mechanistically, the m6A demethylase FTO interacts with hnRNPU transcripts, decreasing the m6A modification levels of hnRNPU, which leads to exon 14 skipping of the MET gene, thereby promoting GC progression. The FTO inhibitor meclofenamic acid effectively inhibited GC cell growth both in vitro and in vivo.

Conclusion

The FTO/hnRNPU axis induces aberrant exon skipping of MET, thereby promoting GC cell growth. Targeting the FTO/hnRNPU axis may interfere with abnormal AS events and provide a potential diagnostic and therapeutic strategy for GC.

Graphical Abstract

Schematic model for the findings of this work: Aberrant hnRNPU in GC binds FTO. The m6A-modified hnRNPU transcripts are recognized by m6A reader YTHDF3 and subsequently demethylated by FTO. This demethylation enhances the stability of hnRNPU mRNA, consequently promoting alternative splicing of MET. The altered splicing pattern ultimately contributes to the proliferation of GC cells.