bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE PROBLEM OF LEGAL PROTECTION OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OBJECTS CREATED AS A RESULT OF PROCESSING, ACCORDING TO THE LEGISLATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Amangeldy Aizhan Amangeldykyzy
Published: January 2025

This article is devoted to the study of institutions of derivative works and processing of individual intellectual property objects.
The article analyzes various approaches to the concept of a derivative work, the ratio of an original and a derivative work. Attention is paid to the analysis of the works of scientists devoted to the Institute of recycling.
The author conducted a comparative legal analysis of the provisions on processing under the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation.
The article provides a detailed study of the conceptual framework, problems in the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Copyright and Related Rights", the Patent Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Trademarks, service Marks, geographical indications and appellations of origin". For example, the Patent Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan mentions the term dependent invention, but the concept is not given to it.
The study of these aspects has its own significance and relevance, since such objects are actively introduced into civil circulation. And the insufficient attention of Kazakhstani scientists to the resolution of certain aspects leads to difficulties in law enforcement practice. The article analyzes judicial practice in Kazakhstan, which highlights issues that require a deeper and more thorough analysis by the courts, excluding a formal approach.
The article considers the problem of dependent objects of patent law, which consists in whether such objects can be attributed to the results of intellectual creative activity, since there may be a problem in determining the inventive level and novelty of these objects as criteria for patentability.
Recycling is also relevant in terms of means of individualization. Confusingly similar, lacking the function of identification and distinguishability of one means from another means of individualization on formal grounds established by the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan, will be denied legal protection.
Travma Sonrasi Stres Bozukluğu Bilişsel Davranişçi Terapi İle Tedavisi Üzerine Bir Olgu Sunumu
Authors: ERKOL Gülüstan
Published: January 2025

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a disorder that arises after experiencing an event that threatens one’s life or causes significant stress. Symptoms of PTSD include intense stress, fear, anxiety, worry, sleep disturbances, difficulty concentrating, and negative cognitive and emotional changes. These are some of the hallmark symptoms of PTSD.This case study examines the therapeutic process of a 20-year-old female university student diagnosed with PTSD based on DSM-5 criteria. The treatment process involved 10 therapy sessions. The client reported symptoms such as self-blame for the verbal and physical abuse she experienced, trust issues with other people, fear of reliving the traumatic event, and sleep problems. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) was applied during the therapeutic process. Psychoeducation was provided to the client regarding the therapy approach to be used and the progress of the therapy process. The initial phase of therapy focused on building a therapeutic alliance. Dysfunctional and self-blaming thoughts and core beliefs were identified and replaced with functional, realistic, and adaptive thoughts through cognitive restructuring. Subsequently, behavioral techniques, including exposure exercises and homework assignments, were employed.
Keywords: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Case study, Trauma treatment, Psychoeducation, Exposure therapy, Traumatic events, Mental health, Psychotherapy processes, Psychological support
Supervisi Kepala Sekolah, Disiplin Kerja, dan Etos Kerja Guru Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Fatimah Fatimah , Fetrimen Fetrimen , Musringudin Musringudin
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji pengaruh variabel supervisi kepala sekolah dan  disiplin kerja terhadap etos kerja guru. Metode yang digunakan adalah survey kausal dengan teknik analisis jalur. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 142 guru dan sebagai sampelnya ditetapkan sebanyak 105 responden. Penentuan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik proporsional random sampling. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, diketahui: pertama, terdapat pengaruh langsung positif dan signifikan supervisi kepala sekolah terhadap etos kerja guru. Kedua, terdapat pengaruh langsung positif dan signifikan disiplin guru terhadap etos kerja guru. Ketiga, terdapat pengaruh langsung positif dan signifikan supervisi kepala sekolah terhadap disiplin guru.
Pengembangan Modul Projek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila (P5) Tema Kearifan Lokal untuk Kelas IV SDN Karang Klaten
Authors: Permatasari Aprilia Dwi , Sumarah Ignatia Esti
Published: January 2025

Projek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila (P5) merupakan titik pijak dalam penerapan kurikulum merdeka. Berdasarkan hasil kuesioner yang peneliti bagikan kepada lima guru kelas IV SD di Klaten, peneliti mendapatkan informasi bahwa guru membutuhkan contoh modul P5 tema kearifan lokal pada topik tata krama, makanan olahan singkong, serta wisata khas. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mendeskripsikan kualitas modul P5. Metode yang peneliti gunakan yaitu wawancara, kuesioner, dan tes. Subjek penelitian adalah 10 peserta didik  yang terdiri dari 4 laki-laki dan 6 perempuan. Pengembangan modul menggunakan model ADDIE dengan langkah-langkah: 1) Analyze, membagikan kuesioner kepada guru kelas IV. (2) Design, melakukan studi pustaka dan membuat kisi-kisi modul. (3) Develop, membuat modul, memvalidasi produk kepada 4 validator, dan merevisi modul. (4) Implement, melakukan uji coba kepada peserta didik kelas IV SD Negeri Karang. (5) Evaluate, menganalisis hasil pre-test dan post-test yang diberikan kepada peserta didik. Hasil kualitas modul mendapatkan nilai: 3,67 dari dosen dan guru bahasa Jawa serta 3,6 dari ahli bahasa dan guru kelas IV. Skor rata-rata modul 3,63 dengan kategori “sangat baik” dan layak untuk diujicobakan setelah direvisi. Berdasarkan hasil pre-post dan post-test peserta didik, terjadi peningkatan nilai pada seluruh peserta didik dan rerata test dari 58% menjadi 95% dengan kenaikan rata-rata 37%. Sedangkan hasil projek berupa video, peserta didik sudah mampu membedakan penggunaan bahasa krama dan ngoko.
Efektivitas Komunikasi Antarpribadi dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Hubungan pada Bimbingan dan Penyuluhan Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Harahap Hilda Rahmadani , Rokan Muhammad Solihin , Alifah Nisrina , Siregar Suci Izmahani
Published: January 2025

This research aims to examine the effectiveness of interpersonal communication in improving the quality of relationships in Islamic education guidance and counseling. Interpersonal communication, which involves direct, personal, and often reciprocal interactions, is an important mechanism for understanding students' needs, providing emotional support, and encouraging moral and spiritual growth. Using a descriptive approach and qualitative literature study methods, this research explores the principles of interpersonal communication, the dynamics of relationship development, and their application in the context of Islamic educational guidance. The research results show that effective interpersonal communication can increase mutual trust, understanding and cooperation between counselors and students. This creates a conducive learning environment and supports the holistic development of students in accordance with Islamic values. The conclusion of this research emphasizes the importance of effective communication as the basis for harmonious relationships in guidance and counseling in Islamic education. This research also provides practical insights for Islamic education counselors in optimizing their interactions to achieve better educational goals.
Catur pusat pendidikan : The legacy of Siti Walidah in modern Islamic gender discourse
Authors: Azis Annisa Rahmania , Zaini Achmad
Published: January 2025

This study explores Siti Walidah's contribution to shaping the education paradigm based on the Catur Pusat Pendidikan and its relevance to modern Islamic gender discourse. The topic highlights the critical role of women in achieving gender equality, addressing challenges like unequal education access and entrenched gender stereotypes. Using a library research method with descriptive-qualitative analysis, the study finds that the Catur Pusat Pendidikan promotes quality education for women and empowers them to engage actively in social and political spheres. However, challenges such as gender bias and limited infrastructure hinder its implementation. Despite these obstacles, significant prospects for progress exist, particularly through technology and multi-stakeholder collaboration. The study underscores the importance of inclusive, high-quality education for women and advocates for sustained efforts to transform traditional gender paradigms. Recommendations include expanding educational access in remote areas and equipping women with digital skills to enhance their participation in the modern era.
Innovation in learning akidah and akhlak for Gen Z at MA Hamzanwadi NW Pancor
Authors: Kurniawan Wakib , Nurahman M. Agus , Junaidi Junaidi
Published: January 2025

Akidah Akhlak learning in Madrasah Aliyah has an important role in shaping student character according to Islamic values. However, challenges arise when the millennial generation who are familiar with technology and active learning patterns show disinterest in conventional learning methods. This study aims to identify the characteristics of the millennial generation at Hamzanwadi Madrasah Aliyah, develop relevant Akidah Akhlak learning innovations, and analyse their effectiveness in improving students' understanding and practice of Islamic values. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with observation, interviews, and documentation as data collection techniques. The results show that technology-based approaches, such as the use of interactive media and project-based learning, are able to increase students' interest in learning. Contextualised learning that is relevant to students' daily lives also proved effective in instilling Akidah Akhlak values. The study recommends continuous development in technology-based learning innovations and active collaboration between teachers, students and parents to strengthen learning outcomes.
The Characteristics of the Earliest Levels of Tel Tsaf and the Onset of the Middle Chalcolithic Period in the Jordan Valley, Israel
Authors: Rosenberg Danny , Meier Jacqueline , Weiss Yaakov , Pinsky Sonia , Hruby Karolina , Horden Meir , Weiss Ehud , Ahituv Hadar , Shimelmitz Ron , Talmor Ben , Klimscha Florian
Published: January 2025

Of the various chrono-stratigraphic entities of the Chalcolithic period in the southern Levant, the Middle Chalcolithic period (ca. 5300–4700 BCE) is the most poorly defined, with most of the relevant data coming from Tel Tsaf. While excavations at Tel Tsaf in the last two decades provide valuable information concerning the site’s upper occupational levels, the earlier strata and their material culture are still unknown. Past excavations focused on the later stage of the site’s occupation, leaving unanswered questions concerning the transition from the Early to the Middle Chalcolithic period. In order to shed new light on this topic, the current paper presents the results of the renewed research project, which focuses on the earliest occupational levels at Tel Tsaf, coinciding with the onset of the Middle Chalcolithic period. To start defining the characteristics of this episode, we present the archaeological layers, features, and finds uncovered just above the Lisan bedrock. We discuss the results’ implications and their contribution to an improved understanding of the Chalcolithic period’s broader temporal framework in the southern Levant.
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Sleep Disorders: What We Know Now and Where We are Headed
Authors: Oliveira Ana Carolina Gomes de , Lamana Isadora Vergamini , Nogueira Natália Balbo Arantes , Bertazzo Larissa Tarraf , Santos Júlio César Claudino dos , Stangherlin Luana
Published: January 2025

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder observed in children and adolescents, the manifestations of which affect personal, social and academic performance. The aim of this paper is to explore the relationship between sleep disorders and ADHD symptoms, highlighting the importance of investigating the bidirectional relationship between these two conditions for the management of patients with this neurodevelopmental disorder and its comorbidities. This narrative review synthesizes the current literature to elucidate the interaction between sleep and ADHD, exploring the bidirectional communication between sleep and the comorbid symptoms of ADHD. In addition, it discussed how independent drug therapy can lead to sleep problems, showing how interaction with non-drug therapy is essential for the treatment of ADHD and sleep disorders, improving patient prognosis. Some recent research has revealed a possible link between ADHD and sleep disorders, and how they have a bidirectional relationship with each other, potentially affecting the quality of life and mental health of the individual with these disorders. As we delve deeper into the bidirectional relationship between the disorders, this review provides a comprehensive overview of current knowledge and possible implications for the diagnosis, treatment and approach of ADHD when associated with sleep disorders. Addressing the comorbid conditions of ADHD, such as sleep disorders, is fundamental as a coping strategy for the treatment of this neurodevelopmental condition, which involves both non-pharmacological and pharmacological interventions.
Thực trạng quản lý giáo dục đạo đức thông qua hoạt động trải nghiệm cho học sinh trung học cơ sở ở thành phố Bạc Liêu, tỉnh Bạc Liêu
Authors: Tăng Thị Thương
Published: January 2025

Trên cơ sở khảo sát thực trạng quản lý giáo dục đạo đức thông qua hoạt động trải nghiệm cho học sinh trung học cơ sở ở thành phố Bạc Liêu, tỉnh Bạc Liêu, thông qua phương pháp điều tra bằng bảng hỏi từ cán bộ quản lý nhà trường, giáo viên của 08 trường trung học cơ sở ở thành phố Bạc Liêu. Kết quả khảo sát được xử lý số liệu theo thang đo 4 mức độ để tính điểm trung bình; độ lệch chuẩn và xếp hạng. Kết quả khảo sát cho thấy, mặc dù công tác quản lý giáo dục đạo đức thông qua hoạt động trải nghiệm cho học sinh trung học cơ sở ở thành phố Bạc Liêu, tỉnh Bạc Liêu trong thời gian qua đã đạt được nhiều kết quả tích cực, học sinh có sự chuyển biến tốt về nhận thức và hành vi, và các nỗ lực phối hợp đã mang lại hiệu quả đáng ghi nhận, nhưng vẫn còn những hạn chế và bất cập cần khắc phục. Đây là cơ sở thực tiễn để đề xuất các biện pháp quản lý giáo dục đạo đức thông qua hoạt động trải nghiệm cho học sinh trung học cơ sở ở thành phố Bạc Liêu, tỉnh Bạc Liêu nhằm đảm bảo sự phát triển toàn diện cho học sinh trung học cơ sở ở thành phố Bạc Liêu, đáp ứng yêu cầu đổi mới giáo dục và nâng cao phẩm chất đạo đức của học sinh trong thời gian tới.
Жетісу мен Солтүстік Балқаш өңірінің палеолит дәуірін зерттеудегі тың мәдени және технологиялық парадигмалар
Authors: Мамиров Талғат Базарбайұлы , Ожерельев Дмитрий Викторович , Артюхова Ольга Анатольевна , Очередной Александр Константинович , Лада Антон Русланович , Викулова Наталья Олеговна , Аминова Римма Николаевна , Ескендіров Қанат Зиятұлы , Ферапонтов Антон Ильич , Қуандық Самрат Русланұлы
Published: January 2025

2024 жылы Қазақстан Республикасы Ғылым және жоғары білім министрлігі Ғылым комитетінің Ә.Х. Марғұлан атындағы Археология институты (Алматы, Қазақстан) мен Ресей ғылым академиясының Археология институты (Мәскеу, Ресей) арасындағы археология саласындағы Ғылыми ынтымақтастық туралы келісімге қол қойылғанына бес жыл болды. Бұл қысқа мерзімде екі ғылыми ұйым арасындағы ынтымақтастықты жүзеге асыру барысында Алматы облысында палеолит дәуірінің қабатталған жаңа ескерткіштер тобы ашылып, құжатталып, зерттеліп, ғылыми айналымға енгізілді, тас ғасыры мәселелеріне арналған дала семинары – халықаралық конференция ұйымдастырылды, Рахат тұрағының маңында эксперименттік жұмыстар жүргізілді. Қазақстан-Ресей бірлескен палеолиттік экспедиция жұмыстары «Есік» мемлекеттік тарихи-мәдени музей-қорығымен, Таңбалы мемлекеттік тарихи-мәдени және табиғи музей-қорығымен, Алматы облыстық тарихи-мәдени мұраны қорғау жөніндегі орталықпен және РҒА-ның Материалды мәдениет тарихы институтымен бірге тығыз ынтымақтастықта іске асырылды. Негізгі зерттеу жұмыстары 28 мың жыл бұрынғы – 19,4 мың жыл бұрынғы уақытпен мерзімделіп, 16 мәдени қабаты анықталған Рахат көпқабатты ескерткішінде жүргізілді. Бұл жоғарғы палеолиттің әртүрлі кезеңдері мәдениеттерінің өзгеруі үдерісін соңғы суық түсу максимумының жаһандық климаттық өзгерістер тұрғысынан зерттеуге мүмкіндік беретін бірегей ескерткіш. Ескерткіш бойынша жұмыс нәтижелері ғылыми көпшілікке 2022 жылы ұсынылды. Соңғы жылдары Рахат тұрағынан басқа Ұзынағаш 1-3 және Сарыжазық 1-4 тұрақтарының зерттеулері басталды.
Қаржыландыру көзі: Мақала ҚР ҒЖБМ Ғылым комитетінің 2022–2024 жж. арналған гранттық қаржыландыру аясында дайындалды, жобаның ЖТН AP14872494 (барлау-қазба жұмыстары, мәтін дайындау, көрнекі материал) және РҒҚ гранты №23-18-00329 (талдау жұмысы, көрнекілік материал дайындау, Рахат, Ұзынағаш 1-2 тұрақтарының қазбалары).
Изучение социальной структуры кочевников Южного Урала раннего железного века по данным археологии и палеоантропологии:
Authors: Чиркова Алина Харисовна , Берсенева Наталья Александровна
Published: January 2025

К настоящему времени в отечественной историографии накопилось большое количество трудов, посвященных изучению социальных аспектов в обществах кочевников раннего железного века степной полосы Евразии. Часть работ в рамках палеосоциальной и палеоантропологической направленности посвящено древнему населению Южного Урала. Большинство исследований, публикуемых в русле социальной археологии, имеет «точечный», казуальный характер, заключающийся в рассмотрении частных случаев, иногда на уровне отдельных погребений (например: захоронений детей, «неординарных» погребений мужчин или женщин, элитных погребальных комплексов). Ряд позиций, высказанный учёными первой половины – середины XX в., подтвердился последующими исследованиями: (1) женщины занимали сравнимую с мужчинами социальную позицию; (2) социальные роли женщин, манифестированные в погребениях, более разнообразны, чем мужские; (3) детские погребения устраивались по упрощённому обряду, высокая социальная позиция родителей, вероятно, не распространялась на маленьких детей; (4) вертикальный социальный статус взрослых кочевников не имел прямой зависимости от пола или возрастной группы. Тем не менее, на данный момент пока не опубликовано обобщающих трудов по изучению социальной организации общества ранних кочевников Южного Урала. Также отсутствуют историографические работы, в которых бы был проведён анализ и оценка текущего состояния исследования социальных аспектов. Данная статья посвящена обзору основных этапов истории изучения социальной структуры ранних кочевников Южного Урала по данным археологии и палеоантропологии.
На заре сакской эпохи: комплексные исследования памятника Бозай 1
Authors: Омаров Гани Калиханович , Бесетаев Бауыржан Берканович , Жарылгасынова Бибинур Муратбеккызы , Шагирбаев Мамбет Сапарбекович , Жуматаев Ринат Серикович
Published: January 2025

В статье в научный оборот вводятся материалы кургана № 2 могильника Бозай 1. В процессе изучения памятника проводились стратиграфические исследования погребального сооружения, в результате чего выявлены его основные конструктивные элементы, которые в определённой мере сохранили архаичные черты эпохи поздней бронзы. Выполнены аэрофото-, ортофото- и топографический планы объекта. Результаты радиоуглеродного AMS 14С датирования, а также сравнительно-сопоставительный анализ конструктивных особенностей сооружения и характеристика предметного комплекса кургана № 2 могильника Бозай 1 определяется авторами в рамках VIII–VII вв. до н.э. Зафиксированные в кургане находки в виде изображений голов оленей, различные типы бисера и пронизи, оформленные рельефными косыми линиями, демонстрируют общее их стилистическое сходство с материалами раннесакских памятников Тарбагатая, Центрального Казахстана, Алтая и Тывы. Для определения палеодиеты проведён анализ стабильных изотопов азота и углерода, полученных из палеоантропологического материала. Результаты указывают на употребление в пищу растений C4, в том числе проса, а также на большое количество рыбы в рационе. Также проведён археозоологический анализ костных останков хищной птицы, обнаруженных в могильной яме кургана. Результаты сравнительной экспертизы указали на её принадлежность к роду хищных птиц семейства ястребиных – орёл, беркут.
На стыке эпох: разновременный памятник на реке Аксу в Жетысу
Authors: Ахияров Ислам Кизамединович
Published: January 2025

В статье рассматриваются результаты археологических исследований на могильнике Аксу. Раскопками изучено свыше 10 объектов историко-культурного наследия. По двум из них получены результаты радиоуглеродного датирования, показывающие принадлежность к позднесакскому и раннетюркскому периодам. По всем объектам на основе имеющихся материалов, особенностей погребального обряда проведён сравнительно-типологический анализ с материалами из Жетысу, Восточного Казахстана, Алтая, Тывы и Кыргызстана. По результатам анализов подтверждена принадлежность женского погребения из кургана № 8 к раннетюркскому периоду.
Взаимодействие населения Шу-Илейского междуречья и Центрального Казахстана в эпоху бронзы
Authors: Горячев Александр Анатольевич
Published: January 2025

В статье представлены материалы исследованных погребальных памятников андроновского периода эпохи бронзы Шу-Илейского междуречья. Выявлены закономерности расположения могильников в структуре археологических комплексов бронзового века, рассмотрены особенности погребальных традиций, даётся культурно-хронологическая атрибуция вещевого и керамического материала. Развитие культуры древнего населения Шу-Илейских гор связывается с процессом переселения из Центрального Казахстана в начале II тыс. до н.э. групп алакульско-атасуских племён и смешением их с местным населением, в культурной традиции которых преобладали фёдоровско-нуринские черты андроновской общности. В развитии древних культур выделяются ранний и поздний этапы андроновского хронологического горизонта. Анализ материалов погребальных комплексов позволяет считать, что данный регион является одним из ключевых в системе древних коммуникаций и хозяйственно-культурного развития населения степей Центрального Казахстана и предгорной зоны Северного Притяньшанья.
Археологическая коллекция городища Сарайчик из фондов Центрального государственного музея Республики Казахстан: материалы 1950 года
Authors: Харипова Рашида Еримовна , Мякишева Ольга Александровна
Published: January 2025

В статье рассматривается археологическая коллекция Центрального государственного музея Республики Казахстан, полученная в результате раскопок средневекового городища Сарайчик под руководством А.Х. Маргулана в 1950 г. Представлен краткий обзор историографии изучения археологических артефактов, а также подчёркнут значительный вклад А.Х. Маргулана в формирование коллекции. Основное внимание уделяется находкам, таким как глазурованная и неглазурованная керамика, включая чаши, тарелки, хумы, а также другим предметам. Во Введении сделан акцент на значимости археологии Казахстана для понимания культурного наследия региона, а также торгового и политического центра Золотой Орды. Методология исследования основывается на анализе коллекционных описей и документации, применении различных научных методов, что позволяет глубже понять технологические, стилистические и функциональные аспекты археологических находок. Рассмотренная коллекция из городища Сарайчик является одним из компонентов материальной культуры Золотой Орды (XII–XIV вв.). Она произведена в городских центрах Хорезма и столичных – нижневолжских городах Золотой Орды.
Глава «О железе» минералогического трактата ал-Бируни как источник для интерпретации микроструктур тигельных (булатных) сталей эпохи средневековья
Authors: Зиняков Николай Максимович
Published: January 2025

Статья посвящена интерпретации микроструктур археологических находок средневекового периода из тигельной стали, обнаруженных автором в музейных коллекциях Семиречья и Западной Сибири, на основе свидетельств минералогического трактата ал-Бируни (глава «О железе»). В качестве материала для интерпретации использованы изделия из сверхвысокоуглеродистой тигельной стали, происходившие из археологических памятников Центральной и Северо-Западной Азии эпохи Средневековья. Металлографическое изучение и данные химического анализа рассматриваемых изделий показывают чрезвычайно высокую концентрацию углерода в металле и отсутствие легирующих элементов, что нетипично для современных булатов. В отечественном металловедении подобные железоуглеродистые сплавы обычно называют высокоуглеродистыми или сверхуглеродистыми сталями, в зарубежном металловедении – сверхвысокоуглеродистыми или гиперуглеродистыми. По структурному классификационному признаку указанные стали относятся к ледебуритному и карбидному классам. Характерным признаком микроструктуры изученных сплавов является наличие тёмной матрицы и белых включений ледебурита и карбидов железа. Сочетание указанных структурных составляющих находит своё отражение в узорчатом строении металла. Отмеченные признаки дают основание отождествлять его с восточным литым булатом. Сопоставление металлографических данных археологических материалов с документальными свидетельствами ал-Бируни о современной ему технологии получения и обработки стали является дополнительным доказательством правильности квалификации исследуемого средневекового металла как булата. Проведённые сопоставления конкретизируют и расширяют наши представления о существующих разновидностях булата и особенностях строения тигельной стали. Всё это подтверждает чрезвычайную ценность труда ал-Бируни как исторического источника по проблеме интерпретации микроструктур тигельных сталей эпохи средневековья.
Zoomorphic ceramics of the Sarvantepe settlement
Authors: Najafov Shamil
Published: January 2025

Ancient people have always pondered the question of when and how the human species emerged. Answers to this question were often sought in the animal world that surrounded humans, leading to the assumption that humanity's great ancestors may have descended from certain animals or that a spiritual or mystical connection existed between humans and these creatures. Consequently, animals were sanctified, and their images were depicted on ceramics, metal, stone, wood, and other materials. This article examines the zoomorphic decor of ceramics discovered at the settlement of Sarvantepe (Rustepe), dated to the Late Bronze–Early Iron Age (2nd half of the 2nd millennium – early 1st millennium BCE). It provides a characterization of the images and addresses questions regarding the semantic significance of the decor. Zoomorphic images were created using techniques such as scratching and incision, though the molding method was predominantly employed.
Деревянные помосты и некоторые элементы обряда в курганах скифской эпохи Восточноевропейской Лесостепи
Authors: Скорый Сергей Анатольевич
Published: January 2025

Цель данной статьи – привлечь внимание специалистов к неким объектам раннескифской эпохи, открытым недавно в курганах Украинской Лесостепи, под насыпями, на древнем горизонте. Несомненно, они являлись структурными элементами организации подкурганной поверхности, хотя конструктивно не связаны с погребальными сооружениями. Имеются в виду помосты из брёвен или плах, прямоугольной формы, достигающие иногда в длину до 6,0 м, а в ширину – более 4,0 м. Известно три таких объекта конца VII – начала VI в. до н.э.: один в кургане № 4 Дуншовской группы мог. у г. Люботин Харьковской обл., два – в кургане № 524 у с. Жаботин Черкасской обл. К настоящему времени аналогии им не выявлены в Европейской Скифии и на Кавказе, где хорошо известны древности скифов. Похоже, нет таковых в курганах Поволжья и Приуралья, а также отдалённых регионах Евразии. Особый интерес представляют два помоста вблизи наземной Центральной гробницы (деревянный склеп) в кургане № 524 у с. Жаботин. На дубовых брёвнах или плахах выявлены явные следы воздействия огня. Между одним из помостов и стенкой Центральной гробницы найдено погребение подростка (13–15 лет) в слабо скорченном положении, на боку, без каких-либо вещей. Предполагается, что это жертвоприношение основному покойнику, знатному тяжёловооружённому скифу – воину из Центральной гробницы. По заключению палеоантропологов Института археологии НАН Украины, тело подростка подвергалось преднамеренному высушиванию огнём низкотемпературного режима (100–200°С), что привело к его мумификации. Подобный ритуал мог преследовать две основные цели: сакральное очищение огнём и мумификацию тела покойника. В статье привлекаются данные по этнографии из различных районов Ойкумены, где известны подобные способы мумификации. Отсутствие каких-либо артефактов на помосте в кургане № 4 Дуншовской группы или вблизи него, а также следов горения, вовсе не отрицает связь данной конструкции с сакральными действиями. Бесцельное сооружение подобных объектов, требующее трудозатрат, совершенно исключено. В любом случае, данные конструкции, по-видимому, были материальными звеньями в организации ритуала перехода основного покойника или покойников в иную сферу мироздания – инобытие.
Comparison of Maximal Sprint Speed, Maximal Aerobic Speed, Anaerobic Speed Reserve and Vo2max Results According to the Positions of Amateur Football Players: Experimental Study
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Barışcan , ENGİN Hakan , KURT Yusuf , ILKIM Mehmet
Published: January 2025

Purpose: To compare the results of Maximum Sprint Speed(MSS), Maximum Aerobic Speed (MAS), Anaerobic Speed Reserve(ASR) and VO2max according to the positions of the players.Methods: This study 5.34±1.44 years of sports history in the football branch, average age is 20.47±1.49 years, average height is 1.76±0.04 m, average weight is 74.41±45.59 kg, was conducted with a total of 91 volunteer male athletes. The study consisted of 2 sessions, 48 hours apart. In the first session, the 10 m speed test was applied, and in the second session, the Yo Yo-1 test was applied. Maximum Sprint speed, Maximal Aerobic Speed, Anaerobic Speed Reserve and VO2max results were calculated with 10 m and Yo Yo-1 test results. After descriptive statistics (Mean±Standard deviation) of all variables were made, One Way ANOVA test was applied to compare according to their positions and Bonferoni correction was applied to determine the difference between groups.Results Results: There was no significant difference between the Maximum Aerobic Speed, Anaerobic Speed Reserve and VO2max results according to the positions of the players (p0.05). However, a significant difference was found between the Left Wing and Center Defenders in the Maximal Sprint Speed results in favor of the Left Wing players (p0.05).Conclusion: It was determined that the players had similar Maximal Aerobic Speed, Anaerobic Speed Reserve and VO2max performance outputs regardless of the positions they played, but Left Wing players were faster than Central Defense players in Maximum Sprint Speed.Keywords: Anaerobic Speed Reserve, Football, Maximum Aerobic Speed, Maximum Sprint Speed, VO2max
Analysis of Anxiety Status of Faculty of Sports Sciences Graduates before Taking the Public Personnel Selection Examination (KPSS)
Authors: BUYRUKOĞLU Erhan , ÖZDEMİR Mehmet , YURTSEVER Aydan
Published: January 2025

With the decrease in job opportunities in different sectors, it also brings anxiety in individuals. In daily life, individuals are mentally and emotionally affected as well as being affected by the social environment network they are in. This situation of future anxiety in individuals is seen to cause exam anxiety in those who will take the exam. In order to examine the exam anxiety that occurs as a result of future anxiety, it was aimed to determine the anxiety status of individuals who graduated from the faculty of sport sciences before taking the public personnel selection exam (KPSS). The sample of the research consists of 134 individuals graduated from the faculty of sport sciences who will take the 2023 public personnel selection exam (KPSS). The descriptive survey model was used to reach the result by investigating the current situation in the specified subject. The "KPSS Anxiety Scale" developed by Karaçanta (2009), personal information (age, gender, educational status, monthly income, department, did you take formation, attending KPSS course, KPSS study period) were used.  In the data analysis, kurtosis skewness calculations, frequency, percentage calculations, reliability analysis and manova analysis for multiple variables were performed using SPSS 25.0 package programme. As a result of the statistical analysis; Among the demographic information, 26-28 years old (33.6%) in the age variable, female participants (67.2%) in the gender variable, bachelor's degree graduates (76.1%) in the education status variable, 1500 TL and below (43.3%) in the monthly income status variable, teaching and management departments (25%) in the department variable, 4), the participants who received formation in the variable of receiving formation (74,6%), the participants who did not attend the course in the variable of attending KPSS course (81,3%) and the participants who have been working for 1-5 months in the KPSS study period (53%). Considering the Public Personnel Selection Examination Anxiety levels, no significant difference was observed in the statistically obtained data results in the variables of age, economic income, graduated department, pedagogical formation training certificate and course attendance, while it was observed that the anxiety level was high in the future anxiety sub-dimension in males in the gender variable, in the bachelor's degree graduates in the graduation status variable, and in the KPSS study duration sub-dimension in individuals who prepared for KPSS for 11 months or more.Keywords: Anxiety, Graduate, Public Personnel Selection Examination, Sports Sciences
Comprehensive Development and Validation of the Autism Spectrum Disorder-Therapeutic Recreation Scale (ASD-TR): A Specialized Tool for Assessing Behavioral and Developmental Outcomes in Recreational Contexts
Authors: RESULOĞLU İbrahim , ERTÜZÜN Ezgi
Published: January 2025

Scientific studies indicate that recreational activities positively influence children with mild Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Enhancing the participation of children with ASD in therapeutic recreation necessitates strategic planning for entertainment. This study aims to develop a measurement tool to evaluate the impact of recreational activities within therapeutic contexts on the behaviors of children with mild ASD. The scale development process involved a comprehensive literature review, leading to the creation of an item pool based on the Autism Behavior Checklist and the Health Protection/Health Promotion Model within therapeutic recreation. Content validity of the item pool was assessed by experts in the field. Data collected from parents of children with mild autism underwent KMO and Bartlett’s tests, followed by Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The findings resulted in the development of a valid and reliable Autism Spectrum Disorder-Therapeutic Recreation Scale (ASD-TR).Keywords: Autism Spectrum Disorder, Recreational Therapy, Scale Development, Therapeutic Recreation
Self-Esteem and Body Image of Gifted University Students
Authors: DEMİREL Havva , TÜZER Bekir Furkan , ALTIN Mehmet
Published: January 2025

Aim: This study aimed to examine the self-esteem and body image of gifted university students. The population consisted of students admitted through a special talent exam, with a sample of 421 students (247 female, 174 male).Mateiral and Method: Scale applications were carried out with scale forms created manually and via Google. The self-esteem scale developed by Rosenberg (1965) and validity and reliability study conducted by Çuhadaroğlu (1986) was used to measure self-esteem levels, and the body image scale developed by Secord and Jourard and adapted into Turkish by Hovardaoğlu (1993) was used to determine body perceptions. Results: While no statistical change was observed in self-esteem and body image scores related to age, daily sports practice and time allocated to art, statistical differences were found depending on gender and faculty of study. In addition, it was noteworthy that the body perception values of the students of the Faculty of Sports Sciences and the Faculty of Fine Arts were higher than the Conservatory students. Conclusion: As a result, the fact that male participants have higher self-esteem than female participants can be associated with social norms, women's place in society and status differences. In general terms, a person feels as valuable as the value he/she sees, so this environmental attitude or perspective can be seen as a factor affecting women's self-esteem in Anatolian societies, and it can be said that the value that men see both physically and as a social dynamic imposed on them at work, at home and in social life makes their self-esteem higher than women. The reason why the body perception values expected at a high level in the students of the Faculty of Sports Sciences were significantly lower than the students of the other two faculties can be seen as that their body perception values may be perceived differently by the people around them.Keywords: Body Perception, Self-Esteem, Sports, Talented University Students
Examining the Personal Development Orientations and Problem-Solving Competencies of Physical Education and Sports Teachers Along with Other Branch Teachers
Authors: DURMUŞOĞLU Mehmet Vakıf , ATILGAN Davut
Published: January 2025

This study aims to examine the personal development orientations and problem-solving competencies of physical education and sports teachers compared to teachers of other subjects, and to determine if there are significant differences based on demographic variables. In the study, "Adaptation of Personal Growth Initiative Scale-II (PGIS) " and "Teacher Problem Solving Skill Acquisition Competence Scale" were used. The research is a quantitative study and was carried out in the relational survey model. The sample of the study consisted of 367 participants from different branches of teachers working in schools selected by random sampling method in Kahramanmaraş city center. As a result of the research, it was determined that the mean scores of the participants' personal growth initiative and teacher problem solving skills were at a high level. Significant differences were found in terms of the variables of teaching field/branch, receiving personal development training, choosing the profession willingly and suitability for teaching profession. As a result of the correlation analysis, positive and moderately significant relationships were found between the Personal Growth Initiative of the participants and their competencies to gain problem solving skills. According to the path analysis, it was seen that the sub-dimension of adopting the right approach of the "Teacher Problem Solving Competence Scale" predicted the sub-dimensions of readiness for change, painfulness, using resources and purposeful behavior of the "Adaptation of Personal Growth Initiative Scale-II (PGIS " at a significant level (p.05). It was determined that the sub-dimension of applying the relevant method predicted the sub-dimensions of being planned and using resources at a significant level (p.05). In the context of the originality value of the study, when the literature is examined, it is seen that personal growth and problem solving skills have been studied separately with similar scales in previous studies. The originality of this study is to shed light on the subject by examining the connection between personal development initiative and the competence to acquire problem-solving skills. It is anticipated that the potential application of the results in teacher education or education policy will contribute significantly.Keywords: Personal Development Orientations, Physical Education Teachers, Problem Solving Skills.
Sleep Hygiene in Recreational Fitness Individuals
Authors: KARAMAN Semih , KAYHAN Abdullah , SELVİ Yavuz
Published: January 2025

Sleep hygiene plays a significant role in individuals' overall health and quality of life. In this context, the study aims to examine the sleep hygiene of individuals engaging in recreational fitness in fitness centers from various socio-demographic perspectives. The research encompasses 534 individuals registered at fitness centers in the city of Konya. Participants' levels of sleep hygiene were measured using the "Sleep Hygiene Index," which is widely used and validated in the literature. The collected data were analyzed using Spearman and Pearson Correlation Tests and One-Way ANOVA tests. Additionally, partial eta squared (ŋ²p)  values were calculated to examine the effect sizes of all variables. The study's findings indicate that participants generally have poor sleep hygiene. It was found that demographic variables such as gender and education level did not significantly affect sleep hygiene. However, factors such as fitness history, daily sleep duration, and the preferred time of day for fitness had noticeable impacts on sleep hygiene. Specifically, participants with longer daily sleep durations had better sleep hygiene, and those with a longer fitness history similarly had better sleep hygiene. Participants who preferred to exercise in the evening had higher sleep hygiene scores compared to other groups. These results suggest that not only individuals attending fitness centers but also trainers and coaches should receive training to improve sleep hygiene, potentially enhancing individuals' physical and mental well-being.Keywords: Sleep, Sleep Hygiene, Recreational Fitness, Fitness Centers
Web Weavers or Leisure Seekers? Attitudes toward Leisure from the Perspective of Social Media Addiction, Fear of Missing Out and Sense of Belonging
Authors: AKÇAKESE Andaç , DEMİREL Mehmet
Published: January 2025

The study explores the intricate relationship between social media addiction, the fear of missing out (FoMO), and the sense of belonging, focusing on their impact on leisure attitudes among university students. As social media use becomes pervasive, its addictive nature can disrupt leisure activities and negatively affect mental health. The fear of missing out and the desire for social connection are significant predictors of social media addiction, leading to altered leisure perceptions and behaviors. This research employs a cross-sectional survey design, collecting data from 220 students at Necmettin Erbakan University in Turkey. The findings reveal that social media addiction significantly predicts FoMO and the need to belong, highlighting the importance of addressing these psychological needs to promote healthier leisure engagement. By understanding these dynamics, the study aims to provide insights into fostering balanced social media use and developing strategies to mitigate its adverse effects on leisure activities.Keywords: Interactionist Perspective, Leisure Behavior, Need to Belong, Social Connectedness, Social Networking
Impact of Demographic Characteristics on Information Management Attitudes Among Youth Center Directors
Authors: ÖZCAN Buşra
Published: January 2025

Information is one of the most critical resources for both individuals and organizations. With the Internet and information system tools, the ease and affordability of accessing information have led to the restructuring of organizational frameworks to be knowledge-based and management systems to be human-centered. This study aims to analyze how demographic characteristics influence the attitudes toward information management among youth center directors, who are largely responsible for the operations of these centers.Statistical analyses involved surveying 113 youth center directors across Turkey. The results revealed that youth center directors scored highly in self-improvement, with an average score of 4.49. The commitment average score was also found to be relatively high at 3.23. However, the average communication score remained low at 2.23. This suggests that while youth center directors demonstrate a strong willingness to improve themselves and possess high levels of commitment, they exhibit weak performance in communication skills.Further analysis of demographic variables indicated that directors with postgraduate education scored lower in communication compared to those without postgraduate qualifications. The scores for communication, commitment, and self-improvement did not exhibit significant differences across other demographic groups.The findings suggest that postgraduate education may negatively impact communication skills among directors, highlighting the need for targeted communication skills training in youth center management programs, particularly for those with advanced academic qualifications.Keywords: Information Management, Information Management Attitudes, Information Management Strategies, Youth Center.
The Role of Mental Training on Mental Toughness of Individual and Team Athletes
Authors: ATEŞ Ersin , TUTAL Varol
Published: January 2025

This research was carried out to examine the effect of mental training applied on individuals who do individual and team sports on mental resilience. The research consists of a total of 365 athletes, 113 of who mare women (31%) and 252 of whom are men (69%), who activelyeng age in individual and team sports. During the data collection phase, the Mental Training Inventory in Sports was developed by Behnke et al (2019), validity and reliability studies were carried out by Yarayan and İlhan (2018) and adapted to Turkish, and the validity and reliability study was conducted by Sheard et al (2009). The Mental Endurance Inventory in Sports, which was adapted into Turkish by Altıntaş and Koruç (2016), was used. Pearson-Correlation analysis was used to determine the relationships between the variables included in the study in the analysis of the data, T-Test analysis method was used to determine whether there was a difference between the groups. In the research findings, it was determined that the sub-dimensions of mental training, mental basic skills and talking to yourself differed significantly according to gender. According to the international athlete variable, a significant difference was found in the mental training mental basic skills sub-dimension and mental training total score. A significant difference was found in the sub-dimensions of international athlete variable, mental toughness, trust and control. It is thought that the study has the potential to use mental skills in sports whose effectiveness has been proven and to give an idea to the athletes and coaches about the changes that occur in the athletes as a result.Keywords: Individual Sport, Mental Toughness, Mental Training, Team Sport