bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Willingness to pay for an annual vaccine in an endemic COVID-19 scenario: a contingent valuation study in Metro Manila, Philippines
Authors: Palanca-Tan Rosalina
Published: July 2023

Using the Contingent Valuation Method, this paper estimated willingness to pay (WTP) for annual COVID-19 booster vaccines for the endemic phase of the disease. The study found that, on the average, Metro Manila households would be WTP PhP2,199.71–2,410.50 (US$42.71–46.81) for a one-dose vaccine with 90% efficacy for one year. This WTP estimate is a measure of the perceived benefits from preventing COVID-19 infection, suggesting the potential for private markets to cater to those who prefer to obtain the annual booster COVID-19 vaccine privately, while a public vaccination program that subsidizes partially or fully the cost of the vaccine for those with lower capacity to pay is likely to pass a social cost–benefit assessment. Consistent with economic theory, WTP was found to significantly decrease with vaccine price and increase with income. Further, the study found general acceptance (measured in terms of the Health Benefit Model constructs) of COVID-19 vaccines among Metro Manila households despite the dengue vaccine controversy in the country immediately prior to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Survey of methods and principles in three-dimensional reconstruction from two-dimensional medical images
Authors: Sarmah Mriganka , Neelima Arambam , Singh Heisnam Rohen
Published: July 2023

Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of human organs has gained attention in recent years due to advances in the Internet and graphics processing units. In the coming years, most patient care will shift toward this new paradigm. However, development of fast and accurate 3D models from medical images or a set of medical scans remains a daunting task due to the number of pre-processing steps involved, most of which are dependent on human expertise. In this review, a survey of pre-processing steps was conducted, and reconstruction techniques for several organs in medical diagnosis were studied. Various methods and principles related to 3D reconstruction were highlighted. The usefulness of 3D reconstruction of organs in medical diagnosis was also highlighted.
Peculiar penetrating oropharyngeal foreign body accident: a case report and review of literatures
Authors: Coimbatore Balakrishnan Manu , Lynrah Zareen A. , Tamuli Prachurya , Deka Anuradha
Published: July 2023

Background

Children are curious to learn and are always explorative. This exploration is sometimes by keeping things in the oral cavity resulting in cases of foreign body in the aerodigestive tract. Penetrating oropharyngeal foreign bodies can result in significant morbidity and mortality if not treated promptly. The usual objects implicated in children are pens, pipes and toys which are cylindrical. The injury commonly occurs when the child falls with foreign body in the mouth. Here, we present a case report of a peculiar penetrating oropharyngeal foreign body accident.

Case presentation

A 7-year-old boy was brought to the emergency room with an alleged history of foreign body insertion into the mouth while playing with a rigid metallic rod which was bent in the end. Following a forceful hit on the head of the child by his sibling from behind, the rod got impacted into the mouth. The screening X-ray revealed an impacted foreign body. Non-contrast computed tomography scan was done on an emergency basis. It revealed hook-shaped metallic foreign body in the oral cavity and penetrating the oropharynx at the tongue base region. The effective total length of FB was 30 cm with an embedded intraglossal component of 2.5 cm. To aid in intubation, the extraoral part of the foreign body was cut short preoperatively. C-MAC video laryngoscope was used to aid in intubation. A backup plan for emergency tracheostomy was made in case of failed intubation. The foreign body was held using Kocher’s artery forceps and removed completely under endoscopic visualisation without any significant bleeding from the site of entry.

Conclusion

The unusual shape, the relatively narrow space in the patient and the tongue being a vascular structure were challenges in the removal of the foreign body. Due to the hook shape, it had to be withdrawn cephalad for removal. Penetrating oropharyngeal foreign body should not be pulled out either at primary care or in the emergency room but should be referred to experienced ENT surgeons. Critical teamwork between the ENT surgeon and the anaesthetist with well-defined preoperative plans for airway management is necessary. Awareness and ensuring safe play areas for children will prevent a great deal of penetrating oropharyngeal foreign body.
Functional improvement by behavioural activation for depressed older adults
Authors: Janssen Noortje P. , Oude Voshaar Richard C. , Wassink-Vossen Sanne , Hendriks Gert-Jan
Published: July 2023

Background

Recovery in mental health care comprises more than symptomatic improvement, but preliminary evidence suggests that only collaborative care may improve functioning of depressed older adults. This study therefore evaluates the effectiveness of behavioural activation (BA) on functional limitations in depressed older adults in primary care.

Methods

This study uses data from a multicentre cluster randomised controlled trial in which 59 primary care centres (PCCs) were randomised to BA and treatment as usual (TAU), and 161 consenting older (≥65 years) adults with clinically relevant symptoms of depression participated. Interventions were an eight-week individual BA programme by a mental health nurse (MHN) and unrestricted TAU. The outcome was self-reported functional limitations (WHODAS 2.0) at post-treatment (9 weeks) and at 12-month follow-up.

Results

At the end of treatment, the BA participants reported significantly fewer functional limitations than TAU participants (WHODAS 2.0 difference −3.62, p = 0.01, between-group effect size = 0.39; 95% CI = 0.09–0.69). This medium effect size decreases during follow-up resulting in a small and non-significant effect at the 12-month follow-up (WHODAS 2.0 difference = −2.22, p = 0.14, between-group effect size = 0.24; 95% CI = -0.08–0.56). MoCA score moderated these results, indicating that the between-group differences were merely driven by those with no cognitive impairment.

Conclusions

Compared to TAU, BA leads to a faster improvement of functional limitations in depressed older adults with no signs of cognitive decline. Replication of these findings in confirmatory research is needed.
High Expression of Adrenal Cortisol Synthases Is Acquired After Intrauterine Inflammation in Periviable Sheep Fetuses
Authors: Sato Shinichi , Watanabe Shimpei , Saito Yuya , Takanashi Aika , Ikeda Hideyuki , Sakurai Yoshie , Koshinami Shouta , Kumagai Yusaku , Usuda Haruo , Hanita Takushi , Kikuchi Atsuo , Saito Masatoshi
Published: July 2023

Context

Intrauterine inflammation, a representative stressor for the fetus, has been shown to alter the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis reactivity in preterm fetuses and increase postnatal cortisol production. However, the mechanism of this alteration has not yet been elucidated.

Objective

We aimed to clarify the effects of endotoxin-induced intrauterine inflammation on the HPA axis of periviable sheep fetuses.

Methods

Fetal sheep (0.63 term) were divided into 2 groups: (1) the endotoxin group, in which the endotoxin was injected into the amniotic fluid; and (2) the control group, in which the saline solution was injected instead. A corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) challenge test was performed on the third day after injection to evaluate the cortisol-producing capacity of each group. Gene expression levels in the fetal adrenal glands of each group were analyzed by RNA-seq.

Results

The cortisol levels were significantly higher in the endotoxin group than in the control group after CRH challenge (P = .02). There were no significant differences in the responsiveness of adrenocorticotropin and cortisone between the 2 groups. Gene expression levels of the following enzymes involved in cortisol synthesis were significantly elevated in the endotoxin group: cytochrome P450 family (CYP) 11 subfamily A member 1 (log2FC 1.75), CYP 17 subfamily A member 1 (log2FC 3.41), 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type I (log2FC 1.13), steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (log2FC 1.09), and CYP 21 (log2FC 0.89).

Conclusion

Periviable fetuses exposed to inflammation in utero have altered the responsiveness of the HPA axis with increased expression of enzymes involved in cortisol synthesis in the adrenal gland.
“I Can't Live in Your Book Anymore”: The Limits of Genre in Spike Jonze's Her
Authors: O'Dell Jacqueline
Published: July 2023

Spike Jonze's 2013 film Her, about a letter writer's romance with his operating system, is often read as a posthuman meditation on universal concerns about intimacy. Drawing from Sylvia Wynter's work on genres of the human, this article argues that the protagonist, Theodore, and the film he inhabits ambivalently cling to the fantasy that the generic experience of white male alienation can remain unmarked and universal. The film's central relationship rests on Theodore misreading Samantha's genre of being through the codes of his own liberal humanist subjecthood. Consequently, Theodore produces Samantha discursively as a sexed being through a language of affect. This language, which is central to Theodore's letters and to our understanding of Samantha's humanity, encodes the racial and class hierarchies that the film would otherwise seem to transcend. In making visible the generic features of Theodore's universal subjecthood, this article illuminates how the absent presence of whiteness that anxiously drives Her becomes legible through its gendered language of affect and its concerns about ownership.
Many Nights
Authors: Shewry Teresa
Published: July 2023

This essay builds on environmental humanistic scholarship about the night in a study of arts associated with the Aoraki Mackenzie International Dark Sky Reserve, a lighting-regulated locale in Aotearoa / New Zealand, that is part of an international network of places intended to protect the night sky. Chris Murphy’s time lapse, South Celestial Pole from Mt John (2016), shot in Aoraki Mackenzie International Dark Sky Reserve, hastens time and utilizes a star tracker so that the city and lake of Takapō turn sideways against stars. The film connects relative darkness and highly visible celestial phenomena to startling perceptual change. The film is less evocative of how darkness and other nocturnal processes are interwoven with colonial histories and interconnected socio-environmental injustices. Robert Sullivan, a poet whose ancestral lands include the Aoraki Mackenzie International Dark Sky Reserve, is attentive to such concerns in the collection Star Waka (1999). Sullivan uses karakia (chants, incantation) to frame how stars and darkness nurture Māori practices like navigation but also to evoke precariousness woven into the night, from colonial astronomy to socially uneven policing and lighting. This essay, then, argues for critical caution regarding arts and narratives that only emphasize night’s wondrous qualities and its endangerment. Rather than framing night simply as a good phase to be protected, we might participate in night by addressing both the injustices and the varied dreams and struggles that it bears.
Does Identity Affect Labor Supply?
Authors: Oh Suanna
Published: July 2023

How does identity influence economic behavior in the labor market? I investigate this question in rural India, focusing on the effect of caste identity on job-specific labor supply. In a field experiment, laborers choose whether to take up various job offers, which differ in associations with specific castes. Workers are less willing to accept offers that are linked to castes other than their own, especially when those castes rank lower in the social hierarchy. Workers forgo large payments to avoid job offers that conflict with their caste identity, even when these decisions are made in private. (JEL C93, D91, J15, J22, O12, Z13)
Η συναισθηματική παρουσία σε μια διαδικτυακή κοινότητα εκπαιδευτικών φιλολόγων επιμορφούμενων στην εκπαιδευτική αξιοποιίηση των ψηφιακών μέσων
Authors: Βλαχογιάννη Ελένη
Published: July 2023

Η έρευνα εξετάζει τη Συναισθηματική Παρουσία σε σχέση με τη συνεργατική οικοδόμηση γνώσης και νοήματος σε μια διαδικτυακή κοινότητα επιμορφούμενων φιλολόγων. Εστιάζει, ειδικότερα στα επιστημικά συναισθήματα (epistemic emotions), τα οποία σχετίζονται με την παραγωγή της γνώσης στο πλαίσιο μαθησιακών δραστηριοτήτων. Η διαδικτυακή κοινότητα που μελετήθηκε αναπτύχθηκε σε περιβάλλον τυπικής εκπαίδευσης, αυτό ενός ενδοϋπηρεσιακού επιμορφωτικού προγράμματος για την αξιοποίηση των ψηφιακών μέσων στη διδακτική πρακτική. Για τη μελέτη των επιστημικών συναισθημάτων κατά τη διαδικτυακή επικοινωνία και συνεργασία υιοθετήθηκε η Ψηφιακή Εθνογραφία. Το κύριο σώμα των δεδομένων αντλήθηκε από τα κείμενα της γραπτής ασύγχρονης αλληλεπίδρασης, η οποία αναπτυσσόταν γύρω από τη συλλογική διερεύνηση και τον σχεδιασμό ενός κοινού παραδοτέου, με συμπληρωματική αξιοποίηση δεδομένων από ερωτηματολόγια και από τις σημειώσεις πεδίου της ερευνήτριας. Η επεξεργασία των κειμένων των ασύγχρονων συζητήσεων έγινε με την τεχνική της ανάλυσης περιεχομένου, σε μια διαδικασία τριών σταδίων, από την εξέταση, αρχικά, χαρακτηριστικών που ανιχνεύονται στην επιφάνεια της επικοινωνίας, προς την βαθμιαία διερεύνηση και ερμηνεία στοιχείων που βρίσκονται στο βάθος αυτής. Κύρια διαπίστωση της έρευνας αποτελεί η ισχυρή εκδήλωση των επιστημικών συναισθημάτων κατά τη διαδικασία της συλλογικής οικοδόμησης γνώσης και νοήματος, με δεσπόζουσα την παρουσία της σύγχυσης, του άγχους και της ευχαρίστησης. Διαπιστώθηκε, εξάλλου, ότι στο παιδαγωγικό περιβάλλον μιας οριοθετημένης (επίσημης) διερευνητικής κοινότητας, που έλκει από κονστρουκτιβιστικές θεωρητικές παραδοχές, τα αρνητικά συναισθήματα έχουν δυνάμει θετική επίδραση στη σύνθετη συνεργατική μάθηση, μέσα από τη μύηση στις μαθησιακές διαδικασίες και την ενσωμάτωση στο περιβάλλον της κοινότητας.
Croudlanding in Russia: an Alternative to Traditional Lending and a High-Risk Investment Instrument
Authors: Erisov Andrey , Volkov Dmitriy
Published: July 2023

Since the start of legislative regulation in 2019, the volume of the crowdlending market in Russia has grown significantly. However, despite the need for a deep analysis of the dynamics of its development, most of the publications are devoted only to the quantitative measurement of indicators associated with it. In this review, a qualitative study was carried out and considered the reasons why market participants resort to this financial instrument, as well as the risks they face. The analysis showed that the rapid growth of the market in recent years is due to the influx of borrowers from the sphere of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), which have difficulty accessing traditional lending. Many such borrowers, in turn, causes a high risk of default for investors, and, as a result, a decrease in interest in crowdlending platforms. Some platforms, to minimize risks, focus on working with a narrow, solvent SME segment. The results of the analysis showed the need to continue the policy of market regulation by the Central Bank to protect the interests of all participants and develop crowdlending as an alternative tool that is in demand by both borrowers and investors.
Pilotes
Authors: Justo Alpañés, José Luis de
Published: July 2023

Este libro aporta una información extensa sobre los tipos de pilotes disponibles en el mercado; se constituye, de este modo, en una guía útil para su elección y para la aplicación de la normativa existente. Asimismo, incluye soluciones para estimar la resistencia y la de­formación de estos elementos aislados o en grupo, bajo cargas de todo tipo, incluida la tracción o el rozamiento negativo. Los resultados son sintetizados en gráficos y tablas de fácil aplicación. Se ofrecen también algunos problemas y soluciones teóricas que no suelen encontrarse en los manuales de cimentaciones, como, por ejemplo, el pandeo de pilotes, el asiento de grupos de pilotes determinado mediante el método de la ecuación integral y los pilotes inclinados.
Análisis de estructuras sintagmáticas a partir del grado de opacidad.
Authors: Caballero Artigas Héctor Leví
Published: July 2023

La idiomaticidad es una propiedad por la que consideramos la posibilidad o no de interpretación literal de las estructuras sintagmáticas. No obstante, no todas las unidades fraseológicas tienen el mismo nivel o grado de idiomaticidad. En este estudio, partimos de la tipología de opacidad propuesta por Haquin (2014) con el propósito de identificar el grado de transparencia en cada caso y, al mismo tiempo, distinguir entre las diferentes clases de construcciones; esto nos ayudará a establecer fronteras más precisas entre las unidades que componen el universo fraseológico desde una perspectiva semántica e idiomática.
Iconicidad y diacronía: el tema en /-i/ en griego antiguo.
Authors: Monzó Gallo Carlos
Published: July 2023

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar la categoría nominal del tema en /-i/ en griego antiguo desde una perspectiva semántica, diacrónica e interlingüística, aplicando los principales avances en materia de categorización, fonoiconicidad, adquisición lingüística y teoría del nombre propio, matizando y desarrollando, frente a trabajos anteriores (Monzó 2016; 2017; 2019), el papel de la iconicidad fonética de [i] en el desarrollo histórico de la categoría. Este enfoque permite constatar la naturaleza originariamente semántica de los antiguos temas nominales griegos y la existencia de una correlación entre el fonema palatal /i/ y la expresión de la afectividad en griego antiguo, clave para entender la emergencia del sufijo /-i/ caracterizador de esta categoría.
Realidad virtual y enfermedad de Parkinson: aplicación a la mejora motora y verbal de Actividades de la Vida Diaria (AVD).
Authors: Paredes Duarte María Jesús , Domínguez Cabrera Berenice
Published: July 2023

En este trabajo se exponen los resultados de una investigación realizada con softwares de realidad virtual para rehabilitar motora y verbalmente a enfermos de párkinson en actividades de la vida diaria. Objetivos: analizar la mejora verbal de pacientes de párkinson que se sometieron a un programa de realidad virtual y hacer una comparativa con un grupo de control de enfermos con semejantes características que no lo utilizaron. Metodología: seleccionamos pacientes de párkinson con una escala de motricidad (UPDRS) de bajo índice, es decir, que no fueran dependientes y que pudieran ejecutar los ejercicios propuestos por el software. Se les realizó una evaluación del lenguaje antes de someterse a la realidad virtual y otra después. Resultados y conclusiones: se observa una discreta mejora verbal en los contextos trabajados que se prevé mucho más notable si el uso de los softwares mencionados se alargara en el tiempo y si se amplía la muestra de participantes. Los datos cualitativos ofrecieron mayores conclusiones que los cuantitativos.
Physical activity, sedentary behavior and sleep measured by smartwatch: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Silva José Francisco da , Soares Antonio Henrique Germano , Barbosa Filho Valter Cordeiro , Mota Jessica Gomes , Silva Luis Carlos Barbosa , Oliveira Tuillamys Virgínio , Tassitano Rafael Miranda
Published: July 2023

The health impacts of physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB), and sleep are well established; thereby, the identification of instruments to assess and monitor these behaviors at a populational level is relevant. In this context, smartwatches, which are wristwatch-shaped devices equipped with sensors, have been identified as alternatives for objectively measuring PA, SB, and sleep. Therefore, this protocol aimed at describing the goals and methods of a scoping review to map the literature on the use of smartwatches to objectively measure PA, SB, and/or sleep across the lifespan (e.g., children, adolescents, adults, and elderly) and in different contexts. Studies will be included if they use smartwatches to objectively measure at least one of the behaviors (PA, SB, and sleep) in children, adolescents, adults, and older adults, published after 2013. No language filter will be applied. Searches will be carried out in six databases (Pubmed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, IEEE Xplore Digital Library, Scielo, Health Technology Assessment Database, and Cochrane clinical trials) and two clinical trial repositories. The screening and data extraction will be performed independently by two authors who had previous experience in reviews and technologies. The synthesis of the results will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute framework for extracting the results in scoping reviews. The results can contribute to scientific progress by identifying gaps and research trends, guiding future studies, and informing companies, healthcare professionals, and the general public who use smartwatch as a measurement tool for physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep.
Understanding Health Care Utilization and Occupational Exposures of Labor-Trafficked People
Authors: DeCicco Philip , Prakash Jaya , Rapkin Meredith , Brown Kate , Stoklosa Hanni
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Objectives. To describe health care utilization and occupational exposures during trafficking among foreign-born people labor-trafficked in the U.S. Methods. Retrospective analysis of immigration files for health data among 114 labor-trafficked individuals. Results. Mean age was 30. Files of 38% mentioned accessing medical services at least once, mostly via hospitals (73%-81%). Forty-three percent (43%) had U.S. citizen children—indicating their children and spouses interacted with social and medical systems during exploitation. Almost all (97%) had limited English proficiency, and 75% did not have legal immigration status. Employers/traffickers interfered with access to health care and forced victims to work while injured. Half (50%) had sick family members. Victims reported physical and sexual abuse, toxic and environmental occupational exposures, and sleep disturbances. Conclusions. This is the largest study to elucidate health concerns and care utilization patterns among labor-trafficked people. Concerted resources must be dedicated to understanding health needs and health systems intervention opportunities for labor-trafficked people.
Cost-based Underinsurance After the Affordable Care Act
Authors: Izguttinov Aniyar , Yanguela Juan , Trogdon Justin G.
Published: July 2023

Abstract: The Affordable Care Act has significantly reduced the number of uninsured individuals in the U.S., yet millions of insured Americans lack adequate coverage or face substantial health-related financial risks. In this study, we conduct an analysis of a nationally representative sample to generate up-to-date evidence on the association between insurance types and demographic factors and the probability of cost-related underinsurance among continuously insured, lower-income adults in the U.S. We extend the previously established definition of underinsurance by including a measure of subjective financial burden. Our estimates suggest that 33.2% of lower-income individuals in our sample were underinsured, with a fourth of them meeting two or three criteria. We also find that Medicaid beneficiaries were significantly less likely than others to experience underinsurance. Our findings provide evidence that underinsurance is a major concern, and expansion of coverage alone may not suffice to protect individuals from financial risks and cost barriers to health care use.
Adverse Birth Outcomes among Indigenous in Kelantan, Malaysia for the Years 2018–2020: Proportions and Associated Maternal Factors
Authors: Khan Erwan Ershad Ahmad , Hairon Suhaily Mohd , Hashim Noran , Kasri Muhd Rafiq Mohd , Hamid Noor Aman A
Published: July 2023

Abstract: This study aimed to measure the proportion of adverse birth outcomes among all births and maternal factors associated with low birth weight among Indigenous (Orang Asli) infants in Kelantan, Malaysia. Proportionate stratified random sampling was done to select 327 samples from five antenatal centres involved with Orang Asli in Kelantan. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine maternal factors associated with low birth weight among Orang Asli infants. The proportion of low birth weight was measured at 16.2% (substantially exceeding the national rate), preterm birth at 7.3%, stillbirth at 0.6%, early neonatal death at 0.6%, and macrosomia at 0.9%,. Maternal factors associated with low birth weight infants include primiparity (AdjOR: 2.88; 95% CI: 1.44,5.78), anaemia in pregnancy (AdjOR: 2.33; 95%CI: 1.18,4.61) and hypertension (AdjOR: 4.21; 95%CI: 1.23,14.44). In conclusion, far-reaching antenatal services and nutrition policy are essential to reduce the proportions of low birth weight among Orang Asli.
Improvement in Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms Following an Internet-based Cognitive-Behavioral Intervention for Insomnia: An Open Trial among Rural Appalachian Women
Authors: Badour Christal L. , Martinez Ashley I. , Hood Caitlyn O. , Moga Daniela C. , Moloney Mairead E.
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Appalachian women face significant health disparities and have limited access to health care. Mental health conditions and treatment-seeking are stigmatized in Appalachian communities. Appalachian women may benefit from web-based interventions targeting less stigmatized health complaints (e.g., insomnia), while simultaneously yielding benefit in associated mental health conditions including symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In this study, 37 trauma-exposed adult women aged 45 and older from rural Appalachian Kentucky completed a six-session online self-administered cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) intervention and completed measures of PTSD symptoms, insomnia, and depression at pre- and post-treatment. Participants reported a significant reduction in PTSD symptoms from pre- to post-intervention, and this remained significant after adjusting for severity of insomnia and depression pre-treatment. Pending replication in a randomized controlled trial, web-based CBT-I may offer an adjunctive mental health treatment option that circumvents cultural stigmas and reduces PTSD symptoms for trauma-exposed Appalachian women.
The 24-Hour Workday for New York State Home Health Care Workers: Institutional Racism in Health Care Delivery
Authors: Chiu Doris W. , Ahn Sarah , Kochman Anne , Chisolm-Straker Makini
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Racism named as a public health issue largely focuses on those at the care-receiving end of health care. Home health care workers (HHCWs) are predominantly Black, immigrant, and women; in New York state it is illegal for HHCWs to work 24 consecutive hours, but homecare agencies assign HHCWs to 24-hour shifts and only pay for 13 hours of work. The demanding work of HHCWs increases their risk for and experiences of injury, depression, cardiovascular disease, and cerebrovascular events. This manifestation of exploitation illustrates that racism affects health care workers as well as the public.
Incarceration, Inequality, and Hepatitis C Treatment: The Story of Two Southern States
Authors: Wennerstrom Ashley , Manogue Sean , Hardeo Hannah , Robinson William T. , Thomas David L. , Irvin Risha
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection causes liver-related morbidity/mortality and disproportionately affects people who are incarcerated and non-Hispanic Black populations, largely due to social and policy issues that contribute to poor health. With the advent of highly efficacious treatment, HCV is now curable. However, most states' departments of corrections do not offer universal HCV testing or treatment. Two southern states—Tennessee and Louisiana—provide examples of divergent approaches to addressing HCV infection. While Tennessee has offered treatment on a limited basis, resulting in a class action lawsuit, the state of Louisiana recently adopted a new approach. In establishing the 2019 Hepatitis Elimination Plan, the state created a standard of care for HCV infection that included robust testing and treatment in state prison facilities while capping costs. Louisiana has demonstrated the feasibility of HCV testing and treatment programs within state prisons, an important step towards achieving health equity.
Smart Meds: Using Pharmacists to Address Health Literacy Disparities Among Medically- and Socially-Vulnerable Populations
Authors: Whitner Chardae , DeBerry Adrienne , Tolliver Brendia , Webb Fern , Bilello Lori , Jones Ross
Published: July 2023

Summary: Patients in historically underserved communities are most vulnerable to uncontrolled chronic conditions and report a lack of health knowledge to manage them. This report aims to describe the development of SMART MEDS, a pharmacy-led program implemented to address health literacy disparities among medically and socially vulnerable patients.
Rough surface effect in terahertz near-field microscopy: 3D simulation analysis
Authors: Ge Shuqi , Zhang Dehai , Peng Zhaomin , Meng Jin
Published: July 2023

Terahertz scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (THz-s-SNOM) has emerged as a powerful technique for high-resolution imaging. However, most previous studies have focused on simplified smooth surface models, overlooking the realistic surface roughness induced by contamination during sample preparation. In this work, we present a novel 3D model, to the best of our knowledge, that combines the point dipole model with the finite element method to investigate the influence of sample morphology on scattered signals. We explore surfaces with a protrusion, a depression, and random roughness, characterizing the variations in scattered signals and highlighting the role of higher-order scattering in mitigating surface roughness effects. Our findings provide valuable insights into the impact of sample morphology on THz-s-SNOM imaging.
Picosecond optical-to-x-ray (Cd,Mg)Te radiation detectors
Authors: Cheng J. , Komissarov I. , Chen G. , Chakraborty D. , Kutcher S. , Chen H. , Trivedi S. , Sobolewski Roman
Published: July 2023

We developed a dual optical/x-ray ultrafast photodetector based on in-house grown Cd0.97 Mg0.03Te single crystals. The detector is characterized by ~200 ps full-width-at-half-maximum, readout-electronics limited photoresponse, <5 nA dark current, and 22-mA/W responsivity.
Deep-ultraviolet Electroluminescence in van der Waals Heterostructures of Hexagonal Boron Nitride
Authors: Yoon Sangho , Song Su-Beom , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Kim Jonghwan
Published: July 2023

Since hBN is a wide bandgap semiconductor(~5.96eV), electroluminescence has not been demonstrated at deep-ultraviolet frequencies. We report deep-ultraviolet electroluminescence from tunnel-injected charge carriers in hBN. Our work shows potentials for hBN based deep-ultraviolet light-emitting devices.
Tunable Light Source Powered by LDLSTM and Liquid Crystal Tunable Filter for Hyperspectral Applications
Authors: Ye X. , Owens L. , Vandermeulen P. , Zhu H. , Gustafson D. , Dube M.
Published: July 2023

A tunable light source designed with a laser-driven light source and a liquid crystal tunable filter is proposed and evaluated. Modeling results of in-band fluxes, FWHM bandwidths between 400nm and 800nm are presented.
Femtosecond laser written integrated photonics on sapphire
Authors: Wang Mohan , Salter Patrick , Payne Frank , Booth Martin , Fells Julian
Published: July 2023

This paper presents the compact integration of photonics devices on a sapphire chip in the telecommunications waveband. The devices include waveguides, a waveguide array, a directional coupler and a splitter.
High-accuracy Localization of Pipeline Microleakage by using Distributed Acoustic Sensor
Authors: Yan Baoqiang , Fan Cunzheng , Xiao Xiangpeng , Zeng Zhichao , Zhang Keqing , Li Hao , Yan Zhijun , Sun Qizhen
Published: July 2023

A pipeline microleakage localization method based on the negative pressure wave propagation path fitting is proposed and demonstrated. Experimental results indicate that the location error is 3.85 cm for microleakage as small as 1.0 mm.
Recent advances in upscaling ultrafast laser structuring of high-energy electrodes for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Pfleging W. , Zhu P. , Reinhold C. , Straßburger N. , Rist U. , Sterzl Y. , Meyer A.
Published: July 2023

For high energy and environmental-friendly water-based cathodes and anodes, laser processing was established in roll-to-roll handling systems. A push of laser structuring technology readiness level towards TRL 6 was demonstrated for pouch cell geometries.
Picoliter-volume refractive index sensor 3D-printed in silica glass on an optical fiber tip
Authors: Lai Lee-Lun , Huang Po-Han , Stemme Göran , Niklaus Frank , Gylfason Kristinn B.
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate a refractive index sensor additively 3D-printed in silica glass on an optical fiber tip. The sensor shows a sensitivity of 900 nm/RIU and measures a liquid volume as small as 0.6 pl.
Waveguide Bragg Grating Based Humidity Sensing Chip Associated With PVA-PDMS Film
Authors: Cai Heyi , Xiao Xiangpeng , Song Qingguo , Huang Fanglei , Xiao Kai , Sun Qizhen , Yan Zhijun
Published: July 2023

We demonstrated a novel relative-humidity sensing chip (RHSC), which is based on waveguide Bragg grating assistant with PVA-PDMS. The RHSC shows a 7pm/RH% sensitivity at the range of 50%RH to 90%RH.
Ultra-Low Loss Silicon Nitride Waveguides on Monolithic Integrated Photonics Circuits for a Mature 300 mm Wafer Scale Silicon Photonics Platform
Authors: Timalsina Yukta P. , Leake Gerald , Ngai Tat , Antohe Alin , Binti Siti K. , Baiocco Christopher , Fahrenkopf Nicholas M. , Harame David
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate silicon nitride waveguides with <0.1 and 0.3 dB/cm loss in nitride and fully integrated photonics wafers, respectively, by employing noble integration techniques while preserving the performance of the other devices of the platform.
Efficient, compact and reliable fibred single-photon source in the solid-state
Authors: Margaria Nico , Pastier Florian , Billard Marie , Maring Nicolas , Senellart Pascale , Giesz Valerian , Somaschi Niccolo
Published: July 2023

we experimentally achieve state-of-the-art performance of a pigtailed solid-state quantum light emitter, with MHz pulsed count rate, high single-photon purity and indistinguishability. The source device performs with high stability over hours in rack-size cryostats and optical control modules for stand-alone operation.
Laser-based micro-machining of high precision glass ferrules for 2D fiber arrays
Authors: Casamenti Enrico , Alfieri Cesare , Ferrini Rolando , Lovera Andrea
Published: July 2023

High-precision ferrules for 2D fiber arrays are fabricated with laser-based micromachining using ultrashort pulse lasers. We demonstrate sub-micrometer diameter control accuracy and excellent reproducibility on a large number of devices.
Opto-Thermocapillary Chemical Machining
Authors: Swain Anand , Kollipara Pavana Siddhartha , Zheng Yuebing
Published: July 2023

We report Opto-Thermocapillary Chemical Machining (OTCCM) for selective etching of light-absorbing thin films. A programmable laser beam inscribes site-selective patterns on demand on thin films at extremely low etchant concentrations and power
Aladin UV Lidar over 4 years of operation and 6 billion shots emitted in space
Authors: Bravetti P. , De Sanctis V. , Olivier M. , Lecrenier O. , Sacchieri V. , Schillinger M. , Bon D. , Jallade S. , D'Ottavi A. , Cosentino A. , Kanitz T. , Krisna T. C. , Wernham D.
Published: July 2023

Aeolus is operating in-flight since more than 4 years and has generated 6.4 billion UV laser shots. The progressive received signal decrease was recently partially compensated by switching laser A on, allowing extending mission lifetime.
Quantifying Methane Production at a Cattle Grazing Site using Open-Path Dual-Comb Spectroscopy
Authors: Morris Lindsay C. , Weerasekara Chinthaka , Malarich Nathan , Giorgetta Fabrizio R. , Herman Daniel I. , Cossel Kevin C. , Newbury Nathan R. , Owensby Clenton E. , Welch Stephen M. , DePaola Brett D. , Coddington Ian , Santos Eduardo A. , Washburn Brian R.
Published: July 2023

To better quantify methane emissions resulting from grazing cattle, a controlled methane release at an agricultural site is performed using dual comb spectroscopy. The achieved methane concentration precision is below 10 nmol/mol. The Author(s) Work of the US Government and not subject to copyright.
Quantum-Cascade-Laser Dual-Comb Spectroscopy for Probing Fuel-Rich Oxidation of 1,3-Butadiene at High-Temperature
Authors: Rahman Ramees K. , Arafin Farhan , Horvath Raphael , Geiser Markus , Vasu Subith
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate using quantum-cascade-laser dual-comb spectroscopy (QCL-DCS) to measure 1,3-butadiene's mole fraction time history (spectral range of 1590-1650 cm-1) at high temperatures inside shock tube in the range of 1100 - 1400 K near 1 atm.
Wavelength-modulation heterodyne phase-sensitive dispersion spectroscopy in a hollow-core antiresonant fiber
Authors: Hu Mengyuan , Ventura Andrea , Hayashi Juliano Grigoleto , Poletti Francesco , Ren Wei
Published: July 2023

We develop the wavelength-modulation heterodyne phase-sensitive dispersion spectroscopy in a tellurite hollow-core antiresonasnt fiber, which shows an improved sensitivity by a factor of 8.3 compared with conventional heterodyne phase-sensitive dispersion spectroscopy.
Guiding of Spectroscopic Signal with a Concatenated Filament-Driven Waveguide
Authors: Skrodzki Patrick J. , Nutting Tanner , Burger Milos , Finney Lauren A. , Nees John , Jovanovic Igor
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate the guiding of characteristic emission from a laser-produced plasma through a concatenated filament-driven thermal waveguide. The concatenated arrangement increases the signal-to-background ratio in remote laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy.
Breaking the Delay-Resolution Limit of Fourier Transform Spectrometers Using Chip-Scale Combs
Authors: Sterczewski Lukasz A. , Bagheri Mahmood
Published: July 2023

Resolution enhancement of Fourier transform spectrometers from GHz to MHz level is demonstrated without any changes to the optical setup. The technique leverages the discrete spectral structure of a chip-scale optical frequency comb.
Heterogeneously Integrated Hybrid III-V/Silicon Superluminescent Diode with >10 mW Output Power
Authors: Mehta Karan , Dosunmu Olufemi , Merani Priya , Sikder Kalyan , Wu Chenyang , Patel Pari , Davis Jordan , Gold David , Huang Shenghong , Subramaniam Kanakaraju , Bowles Adam , Ghetmiri Amir , Yerkes Shane , O'Brien William , Jones Richard
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate an O-band on-chip superluminescent diode emitting 10 mW broadband output power at 65 °C with a ripple amplitude of 0.8 dB. This is the highest reported power and efficiency for an on-chip SLD.
Interband Cascade Light Emitting Diodes Centered at 5.8 μm for on-site Detection of Food Contaminants
Authors: Schäfer Nicolas , Scheuermann Julian , Weih Robert , Koeth Johannes , Höfling Sven
Published: July 2023

Mid infrared spectroscopy is a useful tool for quality control in the food production chain. We present Interband Cascade Light Emitting Diodes centered at 5.8 µm that enable cost effective and portable testing of food and feed commodities.
Large Field-of-View LWIR Imaging via Meta-Optics
Authors: Wirth-Singh Anna , Mukherjee Saswata , Han Zheyi , Fröch Johannes , Huang Luocheng , Zhou Zhihao , Coppens Zachary , Böhringer Karl , Majumdar Arka
Published: July 2023

Large Field-of-View (FoV) imaging is desirable for many applications. We demonstrate 80° FoV LWIR imaging with 1 cm entrance aperture using a meta-optic under broadband thermal emission.
Sensing air-water interfaces using perfect optical vortices
Authors: Acevedo Cristian Hernando , Eshaghi Mahdi , Dogariu Aristide
Published: July 2023

Upon interaction with inhomogeneous media, high-order optical vortices divide into canonical ones. We demonstrate experimentally that this phenomenon can be used to characterize dynamic air-water interfaces.
Fish-inspired Optical Microfiber Sensor Encapsulated in Biomimetic Cupula for Underwater Perception
Authors: Li Liangye , Xu Wangyang , Sheng Shunfeng , Liu Yunfei , Sun Qizhen
Published: July 2023

We present a bioinspired optical microfiber sensor for multi-parameter underwater perception including water depth, disturbance, orientation, and hydroacoustic signals. The water depth sensitivity is 2.17m-1, while hydroacoustic signals with frequencies of 100-200Hz are detected.
Sub-Hertz Reciprocal Frequency Readout for Chip-Scale Optomechanical Inertial Navigation
Authors: Nasseraddin Connor , Flores Jaime Gonzalo Flor , Yerebakan Talha , Solomon Jim , Matsko Andrey , Wong Chee Wei
Published: July 2023

We further our work on precision optomechanical inertial sensing by designing an integrated frequency counter for RF readout of our inertial sensor. We implement signal conditioning and frequency-to-digital conversion, obtaining a sub-Hertz measurement resolution.
Application of Coherent Laser Ranging to Characterize Object Geometry Changes in Large Fires
Authors: Baumann Esther , Chernovsky Artur , Hoehler Matthew S.
Published: July 2023

Coherent laser detection and ranging is applied to capture 3D images of objects placed in or behind large fires. A ranging precision of 300 μm through natural gas flame at a 6-meter stand-off is achieved.

© work of US government, not subject to copyright
Resolution Tunable Single Shot optical Spectroscopy
Authors: Li Jie , Li Tianze , Jiang Tianwei
Published: July 2023

We report an optical single shot Fourier transform spectroscopy with tunable resolution capability by using a programable optical loop. The proposed method will broaden the applications of single shot spectroscopy.
Using online polarized Raman spectroscopy and extinction for quantitative and qualitative measurements of mini-CAST soot
Authors: Le Cuong Kim , Bergqvist Saga , Török Sandra , Bengtsson Per-Erik
Published: July 2023

Online Raman scattering and in situ extinction measurement were combined in this work for qualitative and quantitative evaluations of various soot in the aerosol phase with different organic compounds.
Boxcar gating for time-resolved mid-infrared photothermal imaging of axon-bundle water boundaries
Authors: Samolis Panagis D. , Zhu Xuedong , Sander Michelle Y.
Published: July 2023

Time-resolved mid-infrared photothermal imaging via boxcar gating is presented for the study of interface dynamics between axon bundles and the surrounding water.
Quantifying the differentiation of 50B11 dorsal root ganglion cells using quantitative phase imaging
Authors: Kim Jeong Hee , Barman Ishan
Published: July 2023

The immortalized dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neuron cell lines are promising sensory neuron models, with particular applicability to drug development. Here, we quantitatively assess morphological changes due to forskolin-augmented neuronal differentiation using quantitative phase imaging.
Bistable Fano Laser with Optical Feedback
Authors: Liang Shih-Lun , Mørk Jesper , Yu Yi
Published: July 2023

We propose a bistable device based on a Fano laser with optical feedback. We show that the laser can perform flip-flop action with switch-on and switch-off speeds of 10 and 60 ps, respectively, and energy consumption down to 20 and 70 fJ/bit.
Programmable Photonic Crystal Multimode Cavities using Electromechanical Tuning
Authors: Heuck Mikkel
Published: July 2023

We propose a new design concept for programmable multimode cavities based on a transfer matrix approach. Our numerical results predict tunable energy-matched four-wave-mixing over several nanometers of bandwidth with practical design parameters.
Development of a Quantum-Cascade Laser Absorption Spectrometer for Rapid and Precise Measurement of 13C-18O and 18O-18O Clumping in CO2
Authors: Wieman Scott T. , Kapit Jason , Michel Anna P. M. , Guo Weifu
Published: July 2023

Kinetic effects bias paleotemperature signals preserved in carbonate 13C-18O clumping. Measurements of 18O-18O clumping can resolve these biases. We present a prototype laser spectrometer that simultaneously measures 13C-18O and 18O-18O clumping to precisions of <0.25‰.
On-chip Imaging Spectrometer using Multi-mode Interference Waveguides
Authors: Amin M. N. , Ganjalizadeh V. , Adams T. , Boehme N. , Wiltbank J. , Weber Z. , DeMartino M. C. , Bundy K. , Hawkins A. R. , Schmidt H.
Published: July 2023

A novel on-chip spectrometer based on top-down imaging of a multi-mode interference waveguide is introduced. Accurate wavelength identification with 0.5 nm resolution is demonstrated using a machine learning based, multi-point spectral reconstruction process.
Purcell-enhanced X-ray Imaging in Ultra-thin Scintillators
Authors: Schuetz Roman , Kurman Yaniv , Lahav Neta , Shultzman Avner , Roques-Carmes Charles , Lifshits Alon , Zaken Segev , Strassberg Rotem , Be’er Orr , Bekenstein Yehonadav , Kaminer Ido
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate improved X-ray imaging using nanophotonic scintillators. Our scintillators rely on Purcell enhancement for brighter and faster emission. Applying this concept in radiology and nuclear medicine could enable a significant reduction of X-ray dose.
Precision Frequency Comb Spectroscopy in the 8 µm Range
Authors: Germann Matthias , Hjältén Adrian , Gordon Iouli E. , Tennyson Jonathan , Yurchenko Sergey , Krzempek Karol , Hudzikowski Arkadiusz , Głuszek Aleksander , Pett Christian , Silander Isak , Soboń Grzegorz , Foltynowicz Aleksandra
Published: July 2023

We use Fourier transform spectroscopy based on a compact difference frequency generation comb source emitting around 8 µm to record broadband high-resolution spectra of molecules relevant to astrophysics and environmental monitoring. From the spectra we obtain line lists with sub-MHz accuracy, an order of magnitude better than previously available, and use them to refine theoretical models of these molecules. Here we report results for formaldehyde, for which the 8 µm range is missing in HITRAN.
Label-free bio-aerosol detection and classification using a virtual impactor, holography and deep learning
Authors: Zhang Yijie , Luo Yi , Liu Tairan , Yu Alan , Wu Yichen , Ozcan Aydogan
Published: July 2023

We present a computational mobile imaging device that captures in-line holograms of bioaerosols flying through a virtual impactor. Using deep neural networks, this cost-effective system can perform long-term air quality monitoring, automatically identifying/counting various allergens.
Direct laser speckle contrast imaging with sampling bias correction
Authors: Zheng Shuqi , Mertz Jerome
Published: July 2023

Speckle contrast is generally calculated from localized window containing limited statistics, resulting a systematic bias in the estimation. We achieve sampling bias correction and demonstrate accurate quantitative laser speckle analysis without recourse to numerical fitting.
A Portable Widefield HDR Fundus Camera
Authors: Yao Xincheng , Rossi Alfa , Rahimi Mojtaba , Le David , son Taeyoon , Heiferman Michael J. , Paul Chan R. V.
Published: July 2023

We report here a portable widefield fundus camera with high dynamic range (HDR) imaging capability. The effectiveness of HDR imaging was validated with both normal healthy and pathologic eyes.
Analysis of Rydberg Excitation in Rubidium
Authors: Brekke Erik
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate Rydberg state excitation in thermal rubidium vapor through the 6p state using light at 420 nm and 1015 nm. The system is analyzed through fluorescence, electromagnetically induced transparency and microwave coupling.
Broadband programmable metasurface for multifunctional control of THz waves
Authors: Lv Erpeng , Wang Weiguang , Liu Songyi , Pan Tingyang , Zhu Chenxi , Wang Haiming , Liu Bingchao , Hou Yanzhao , Yang Daquan
Published: July 2023

We report a multifunctional terahertz (THz) programmable metasurface integrated vanadium dioxide (VO2), which can achieve dynamic beam steering from 0.735 THz to 0.965 THz and efficient polarization conversion from 0.84 THz to 1.3 THz.