bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Young faculty awards
Authors: Richman Barbara T.
Published: October 2011

Of the 200 science and engineering faculty members who have been selected to receive the first Presidential Young Investigator Awards, roughly one dozen are researchers in geophysics or geophysics‐related fields. The awards, which are for up to $100,000 per year for 5 years (a combination of federal and matching private funds) for each recipient, are intended to help universities attract and retain outstanding young Ph.D.'s who might otherwise pursue careers outside academia.

More than half of the 200 awards for fiscal 1985 went to engineers. The selection of the 200 was made from 1549 nominations from 232 Ph.D.‐granting institutions. The new investigators will conduct research at 74 universities in 35 states. The program is administered by the National Science Foundation (NSF).
Fall Meeting site
Authors: Baker D. N.
Published: October 2011

The world is clearly a very troubled place. Many problems contributing to this trouble, such as climatic changes, effects of global war, geophysical disasters, etc., are the concern and come under the purview of members of AGU. Within this context, it was clear at the last AGU Fall Meeting that the matter uppermost in most members minds was the large number of parallel sessions.

In light of the overwhelming importance ascribed to this issue, I have devoted considerable thought as to how to solve this overcrowding. Putting aside for the moment the issue of whether or not the recent Cathedral Hill Hotel fire was a sign from on high in this matter, I wish to pursue what we, as a Union, can do to solve the problem. Remarkably enough, the Meetings Committee had already apparently perceived the nature of the solution (although dimly) and had stumbled upon a form of my result in a different context. It is perhaps worthwhile for me to review this previous situation prior to presenting my ideas for the West Coast meeting.
Ozone depletion estimates lowered
Authors: Richman Barbara T.
Published: October 2011

Human activities deplete stratospheric ozone to a lesser degree than had previously been reported, according to a National Research Council (NRC) committee. The committee updated earlier NRC studies by reviewing recent research on the whether increased chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) and various trace gases would figuratively chip away at the envelope of stratospheric ozone that shields the earth from harmful ultraviolet radiation. The new estimates stem from improved mathematical models and from better measurements fed into the models.

Two different types of models were incorporated into the update. One considered only CFC, the other accounted for changes in a variety of trace gases. Both types suggest less change in total stratospheric ozone than had been previously estimated.
Year of water
Authors: Richman Barbara T.
Published: October 2011

A resolution proclaiming 1984 as the “Year of Water” passed the Senate on February 27.

“Water is our most precious natural resource,” said Sen. Bill Armstrong (R‐Ohio), who introduced S.J. Res. 202 in November. “The Year of Water will provide an opportunity to examine the issues surrounding water use and planning.”
Groundwater Contamination in the United States
Authors: Robertson John B.
Published: October 2011

Seldom has the sociotechnical community been more ready for a broad overview on an environmental issue than it is currently for a book on the subject of groundwater contamination in the United States. Many individuals, organizations, and institutions are asking: How much of our nation's groundwater resources are contaminated? Is our groundwater contamination problem getting worse and what is the longterm prognosis? What are the most significant causes of groundwater contamination and what are the most promising cures?
Ocean bottom seismometer technology
Authors: Prothero William A.
Published: October 2011

Seismometers have been placed on the ocean bottom for about 45 years, beginning with the work of Ewing and Vine [1938], and their current use to measure signals from earthquakes and explosions constitutes an important research method for seismological studies. Approximately 20 research groups are active in the United Kingdom, France, West Germany, Japan, Canada, and the United States. A review of ocean bottom seismometer (OBS) instrument characteristics and OBS scientific studies may be found in Whitmarsh and Lilwall [1984]. OBS instrumentation is also important for land seismology. The recording systems that have been developed have been generally more sophisticated than those available for land use, and several modern land seismic recording systems are based on OBS recording system designs.

The instrumentation developed for OBS work was the topic of a meeting held at the University of California, Santa Barbara, in July 1982. This article will discuss the state of the art of OBS Technology, some of the problems remaining to be solved, and some of the solutions proposed and implemented by OBS scientists and engineers. It is not intended as a comprehensive review of existing instrumentation.
Comet rendezvous mission
Authors: Reichhardt Tony
Published: October 2011

A National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) advisory team has selected a bright, short‐period comet named Kopff as the target for a comet rendezvous/asteroid flyby mission to be launched in 1990. The rendezvous is the third in a series of “core missions”‐along with the Venus Radar Mapper and a Mars orbiter—to be proposed following recommendations by the agency's Solar System Exploration Committee (SSEC) two years ago (Eos, November 9, 1982, p. 852.) It is planned as a new start in the fiscal year 1987 budget.

The mission will be the first to use the new Mariner Mark II spacecraft derived from earlier vehicles such as Voyager and Viking and intended for deep space reconnaisance. Following a July 1990 space shuttle launch, the spacecraft will fly by and take close looks at the main‐belt asteroids Namaqua and Lucia on its way to a rendezvous with Kopff in 1994.
More quakes, fewer deaths
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) National Earthquake Information Center has issued a bad news/good news report for 1983. The bad news is that there were more significant earthquakes worldwide than in any year since 1980. The good news is that only 2,322 persons died as the result of those quakes, almost one‐third fewer than in 1982 and less than half the 1981 toll.

Significant earthquakes are defined as those of magnitude 6.5 or greater, or those which cause casualties or considerable damage. There were 70 such tremors last year, with 14 classified as “major”—magnitude 7.0 to 7.9. “Great quakes” of magnitude 8.0‐plus have averaged about one a year in this century, but 1983 was the third year in a row without one.
February streamflow
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Streamflows increased dramatically in the Northeast and were well above average in the upper Mississippi River basin and the western mountain states during February, according to the regular month‐end check on the nation's water resources by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). USGS hydrologists said that prolonged rains in the East, abetted by warmer temperatures that melted accumulated snow and ice, pushed February streams to well above average flows at 90% of the region's 29 key index gaging stations. By contrast, in January, none of these same stations reported above average flows.
Dechlorination
Authors: Bell Peter M.
Published: October 2011

Dechlorination is a waste water treatment process used by water treatment plants and power plants as a measure to meet “…increasingly stringent discharge limitations.” (Environ. Sci. Technol., 18, 48A‐55A, 1984). Chlorination is used to kill bacteria and to reduce algae in waste water, but chlorine‐rich waters discharged from the treatment and power plants can kill fish and wildlife as well. Damages to the marine ecosystem as the result of chlorination were focused upon in a series of studies 2 years ago (Environ. Sci. Technol., 16, 15A‐18A, 1982). Now, as was pointed out by geochemists G. R. Helz and L. Kosak‐Channing of the University of Maryland, “…questions remain about the environmental effects of the general use of dechlorination.” (Environ. Sci. Technol., 18, 48A‐55A, 1984). If the dechlorination steps are not thorough, toxic effects of a lower but still serious level may ensue.
1984 Ocean Sciences Meeting
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Attendees at the 1984 Ocean Sciences Meeting found New Orleans to be a very hospitable, convenient, and delightful city to hold a conference, and the Fairmont Hotel to be an excellent meeting facility. There were 1100 attendees with a little over 700 papers presented. Changes to the program and additional, late, and revised abstracts are printed below.
AGU elects 16 Fellows
Authors: Richman Barbara T.
Published: October 2011

Sixteen distinguished scientists have been elected Fellows of AGU. The total number of Fellows elected each year does not exceed 0.1% of the total membership at the time of election.
Surface wave tomography
Authors: Anderson Don L.
Published: October 2011

Surface waves are now being used by several groups to map lateral heterogeneity [Nakanishi and Anderson, 1982, 1983, 1984a, b; Woodhouse and Dziewonski, 1984] and anisotropy [Tanimoto and Anderson, 1984a, b; Nataf et al. 1984] of the upper mantle on a global basis. The method involves measuring the phase and/or group velocity over hundreds of small arcs and long arcs connecting earthquakes and seismic stations. These averages are then converted to three‐dimensional images of the seismic velocity structure, and, hence, this is a form of tomography. The large amount of data processing required is made feasible by the existance of long‐period digital seismic networks including IDA (International Deployment of Accelerometers), SRO (Seismic Research Observatories), and GDSN (Global Digital Seismic Network). These instruments are operated by a variety of university and government groups including University of California, San Diego, U.S. Geological Survey, D.A.R.P.A., and U.S. Department of Energy with the cooperation of many countries. The global coverage is still very sparse compared to the analog W.W.S.S.N. (World Wide Standardized Seismic Network), but preliminary results are very encouraging. The possibility of an expanded global digital network of broadband seismic stations is now being pursued actively by the United States and several other countries. Because of the sparseness of the present network, mantle structure can only be mapped with fairly low resolving power. Only features with half wavelength of the order of 2,000 km can be detected.
Jaime Amorocho 1920”1983
Authors: Mariño Miguel A.
Published: October 2011

Jim made his initial major contribution to hydrology with his Ph.D. dissertation, in which he developed a mathematical modeling procedure for nonlinear analysis of hydrologic systems. He continued the use of mathematical modeling procedures to analyze hydrologic problems throughout his career, including the novel application of entropy to assess uncertainty in hydrologic systems. The availability of new technologies always fascinated him. He developed practical procedures to analyze rainfall from satellite imagery. His broad interests led him to direct the construction and operation of a snowmelt lysimeter for field studies of mountain snowpacks for fundamental work in snow hydrology. He contributed much to the basic understanding of fluid mechanics and hydraulics through hydraulic model studies of significant structures, including flows in natural channels, sediment transport in rivers, and wind shear effects on flow in large open channels. He was an early developer and user of a laser Doppler flow velocity meter, which he and colleagues used extensively in studies of fundamental fluid mechanics. His research activity embraced broad areas of hydrology and hydraulic engineering.
Halley's comet mission
Authors: Bell Peter M.
Published: October 2011

Halley's comet will cross the earth's orbit and will remain within reasonable distance for spacecraft observation during the period November 1985 through March 1986. The European Space Agency (ESA) will be sending the Giotto spacecraft to study Halley. There is about a 70/40 proportion of European to American scientists on the mission team.

Out of 10 instruments to observe the coma on board Giotto as it passes through Halley's cometary dust at a relative velocity of 244,800 km/hour, two mass spectrometers will sample and analyze cometary gases. One of these spectrometers is being built in part by the Lockheed Missiles and Spacecraft Company's Research Laboratory, and the other one is being built by the Max Planck Institute in Landau, Federal Republic of Germany. If the system survives bombardment by particles, the gas composition of a comet will be known for the first time.
Women geoscientists select officers
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Association for Women Geoscientists Foundation has selected a board of directors to spearhead the development of educational and community programs geared to the earth sciences. The foundation, established in 1983, plans to provide grants to women studying the geosciences, to support a geology field program in cooperation with the Girl Scouts of America, and to undertake development of career guidance programs targeting junior and senior high school girls.

Lois K. Ongley, an independent geologist in Houston, Tex., is president. Gwenn M. Jensen, an exploration geologist for Cities Service Oil & Gas Corp. in Denver, Colo., is vice president. Constance A. Sancetta, associate research scientist at the Lamont‐Doherty Geological Observatory, is secretary. Susan J. Mara, resource analyst for the Pacific Gas & Electric Co. in San Francisco, Calif., is treasurer. The board of directors' three advisors are Maria Luisa Crawford, department chairman and professor at the geology department, Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, Pa.; Judith B. Mooney, project manager in the office of nuclear waste isolation of Battelle Memorial Institute in Columbus, Ohio; and A.F. Spilhaus, Jr., AGU executive director and Eos editor‐in‐chief.
New phone‐in time service
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

If you want to know the precise time—in fact, the most precise time available—call 1‐900‐410‐TIME. This will connect you with the U.S. Naval Observatory's Master Clock in Washington, D.C., keeper of the national time standard, where a voice announcement will give you the time accurate to within one billionth of a second per day.

The new service, useful for the synchronization of clocks and communication satellites as well as other applications, is being made available to the military and scientific communities and to the general public. A constant ticking in the background of the recorded phone announcement allows scientific users to synchronize their equipment.
AGU'S Guide to Legislative Information and Contacts
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Based largely on a publication titled A Guide for Providing Scientific Testimony by Arthur Jack Grimes, Head, Department of Public Responsibilities, American Institute of Biological Sciences.

NB. All price quotes for publications are 1983 prices.

The purpose of this guide is to assist AGU members in communicating with legislators and government agency officials and to delineate some of the constraints under which AGU must operate when undertaking activities in this area.

Before becoming law and having funds appropriated to carry it out, legislation at the federal level and at most state levels can go through more than 20 different steps. Certain steps offer opportunity for persons and groups to provide information with both written and inperson testimony. A few of the key steps in the legislative process are presented.
Coaxing clouds over Jerusalem
Authors: Davidson Ellen
Published: October 2011

It is raining 15% more in certain parts of Israel these winter days, and the man responsible for it is Avraham Gagin of the Meteorological Department of Jerusalem's Hebrew University.

Gagin heads the research that has made Israel the world leader in artificially induced precipitation, where the population currently consumes more than 95% of the available water supply.
Mesoscale Meteorology/Hydrology Experiment?
Authors: Eagleson Peter S.
Published: October 2011

Scientific progress in the field of surface water hydrology appears currently to be constrained by a lack of comprehensive field data involving the coordinated simultaneous observation of many meteorological and hydrologic variables at mesoscale. Mesoscale meteorological experiments are underactive discussion by (1) a U.S. interagency team and (2) the World Climate Research Program. The hydrologic research community should ensure that its interests are represented in the planning for these unique experiments.

Historically, the field of surface water hydrology has grown out of an engineering need to provide adequate water supplies over the long‐term and to provide flood protection in the short term. Early work involved the collection and analysis of station records of precipitation and streamflow, and their use in developing lumped (i.e., one‐dimensional) models of the precipitation‐runoff behavior of watersheds.
Flood estimation
Authors: Stedinger Jery R.
Published: October 2011

The three sessions on flood estimation at the Fall AGU meeting were well attended and quite successful. A brief synopsis is provided here. On Wednesday, S. Yakowitz and K. Adamowski both illustrated how nonparametric procedures could be employed to estimate probability density functions. Such procedures do not require that one assumes that flood flows come from a pre‐specified parametric family. Other papers addressed how information other than just the at‐site gauged record could be employed to estimate flood risk. J. Salas discussed the use of record augmentation procedures based on bivariate Gumbel distributions. T. Cohn showed how “historical” records documenting the absence or occurrence of large floods could dramatically improve design flood estimates at gaged sites. Finally, G. Tasker proposed the use of generalized least squares (GLS) procedures for deriving estimators of flood quantiles as a function of basin characteristics;; the GLS technique accounts for the sampling error and cross correlation of the flow quantile estimators. The procedure provided more accurate parameter estimates, much better estimates of the accuracy of the model's parameters, and an almost unbiased estimate of the prediction error.
Multivariate modeling
Authors: Salas Jose D.
Published: October 2011

The special session entitled Multivariate Modeling of Hydrologic and Other Geophysical Time Series was held during the AGU Fall Meeting in San Francisco on Thursday, December 8, 1983, and was sponsored by the Surface Runoff Committee of the Hydrology Section of AGU. The session brought together about 100 participants from different disciplines, including hydrologists, oceanographers, meteorologists, and statisticians, to discuss the state of the art and new developments of stochastic description and modeling of multiple time series of hydrologic and geophysical phenomena.

The papers and discussion generated during the session covered a wide variety of hydrologic variables such as streamflow, precipitation, specific conductance, groundwater and water use, meteorologic variables such as air temperature, wind and pressure, and oceanographic variables such as ocean temperature and velocity. Among the topics discussed were: modeling that is oriented to data generation of multivariate processes, basic data analysis and description of statistical characteristics in time and space; modeling specifically oriented to forecasting the processes involved; transfer of hydrologic a nd geophysical information; and detection of changes in hydrologic information.
Eagleson voted president‐elect
Authors: Richman Barbara T.
Published: October 2011

Peter S. Eagleson, professor of civil engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, was chosen AGU President‐Elect, according to a report from the AGU Tellers Committee on the recent elections. The Tellers report will be formally presented to the AGU Council at the Spring Meeting in Cincinnati on May 15.

Peter M. Bell, of the Geophysical Laboratory of the Carnegie Institution of Washington has been elected AGU General Secretary. He succeeds Leslie H. Meredith. Juan G. Roederer of the Geophysical Institute of the University of Alaska, Fairbanks, will succeed Carl Kisslinger as Foreign Secretary. The 4‐year terms for the general secretary and foreign secretary end June 30, 1988.
World's carbon budget: Sinks and sources
Authors: Bell Peter M.
Published: October 2011

Interest in natural and man‐made carbon dioxide production is stirred because it resides after formation in critical atmospheric zones. To determine the oncoming “greenhouse” effect, indeed to determine whether there will be a greenhouse effect, investigators have tried to sum up the global carbon cycle. In accounting for the sources and sinks of carbon dioxide produced at the earth's surface, it has been postulated that most of the unbalanced sources can be identified with the earth's biomass and not so much with man's combustion of fossil fuels (Ecol. Monogr., 53, 235, 1983). New figures on the calculated areas of tropical forests suggest otherwise.
CO2 and sea level
Authors: Bell Peter M.
Published: October 2011

There is considerable discussion currently about the potential effects of carbon dioxide build‐up in the atmosphere over the next several decades. The sources of information are two Government funded reports, one by the National Research Council (NRC), the other by the Environment Protection Agency (EPA), both were released within the last five months. The reports were described recently as being conservative, although the consequences of the resulting greenhouse effects are deemed inevitable. Atmospheric warming on a global scale of as much as 5°C cannot be avoided, only perhaps delayed by a few years at best (Environ. Sci. Technol, 18, 45A–46A, 1984). The cause is the burning of fossil fuels. Oil will not be too important because its supplies are predictably exhausted on the time scale of 50–100 years. Coal burning is considered as the main source of carbon dioxide. Among the more spectacular results of a global temperature rise over the next 100 years is the expected rise in sea level of a minimum of 70 cm (Oceanus, Winter, 1983/84). If the West Antarctic Ice Sheet breaks up and melts, the rise could be in the several meter range. Sea level rose only 15 cm in the past century.
William L. Chameides: New JGR editor
Authors: Richman Barbara T.
Published: October 2011

Maintaining high quality of papers while decreasing review time is among the goals set by Journal of Geophysical Research editor William L. Chameides, associate professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology's School of Geophysical Sciences. On January 1 Chameides officially began his 4‐year term as editor of the section of the journal that emphasizes atmospheric chemistry and physics. He succeeds Ralph J. Cicerone.

Chameides says he will follow in Cicerone's tradition by maintaining the high quality of the journal and the broad scope of papers published relating to atmospheric science. He hopes to broaden further the journal's scope by incorporating more multidisciplinary papers. Increasingly, atmospheric scientists are becoming concerned with problems relating to biogeochemical cycles, global pollution and climate, global habitability, cloud physics, and acid rain, Chameides explained. The solutions to these problems, he added, will require the collaboration of scientists with capabilities in a wide variety of disciplines. It is Chameides' hope that JGR will serve as a forum for the exchange of ideas and new findings among this broad and multidisciplinary community of scientists.
Pacific Northwest AGU Meeting
Authors: Engebretson David C. , Beck Myrl E.
Published: October 2011

The 30th AGU Pacific Northwest Regional Meeting was held September 29 to October 1, 1983, on the campus of Western Washington University, Bellingham, Wash. Approximately 125 attended the meeting, and 36 papers were presented. The meeting included two fields trips, five special symposia, and a banquet where keynote speaker Don Swanson presented “Dome building on Mt. St. Helens.”

The meeting highlights included a symposium on Tertiary sedimentary basins of Washington and Oregon which revealed the importance of sedimentological studies for deciphering the timing and nature of accretionary processes in tectonically active areas. Geological and geophysical studies on the recent tectonics of the Juan de Fuca plate and nearby continent were presented by workers from the United States and Canada as well as ongoing studies for the evolution and character of the crystalline North Cascades of Washington and British Columbia.
Yamato 791197
Authors: Bell Peter M.
Published: October 2011

A second meteorite of probable lunar origin has been found among the several thousand meteorites recovered from Antarctica. It is number 791197 from the Yamato collection, which was recovered by an expedition from the Japanese Institute of Polar Research, Tokyo. The first meteorite of probable lunar origin (ALHA 81005) was identified by Brian Mason in 1982.

Some meteorites may be leftover rock fragments from the nucleo‐synthesis event that produced the solar system. It is also believed that some meteorites are the result of other meteorite impacts on either the moon or on Mars and that these samples were ejected into earth orbit. However, it is not clear if these samples could have escaped the gravity on Mars.
NSF Graduate Fellowships
Authors: Richman Barbara T.
Published: October 2011

Of the 540 college students offered fellowships by the National Science Foundation (NSF) this year for graduate study in 1984–1985 in the natural and social sciences, mathematics, and engineering, 34 plan to pursue graduate studies in the earth, ocean, or space sciences. In addition, of the 60 NSF Minority Graduate Fellowships awarded this year, 2 were offered to students who plan graduate studies in the earth, ocean, and space sciences.

Each fellowship, awarded for 3 years of graduate study, provides a stipend of $8,100 per year for full‐time graduate study. An annual cost‐of‐education allowance of $4,900 is provided by NSF in lieu of all tuition and fees to the institution selected by each fellow for graduate study. The fellowships may be used over 5 years to permit students to incorporate teaching or research assistantships into their education during periods in which they are not receiving their fellowship stipends.
In Congress: Upcoming hearings
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The following hearings and markups have tentatively been scheduled for the coming weeks by the Senate and House of Representatives. Dates and times should be verified with the committee or subcommmittee holding the hearing or markup; all offices on Capitol Hill may be reached by telephoning 202‐224‐3121.
Smithsonian grants
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Smithsonian Institution has announced the deadlines for a fellowship in residence program and a foreign currency grants program.

The residence fellowships support independent research and study in fields that are actively pursued by the various bureaus of the institution. The primary objective of the fellowships is to further the research training of scholars and scientists in the early stages of their professional careers. Proposals will be considered for research, among other topics, in earth sciences; paleobiology; ecological, behavioral, and environmental studies of tropical and temperate zones; and history of science and technology.
Geophysical events
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

This is a summary of SEAN Bulletin, 9(3), March 31, 1984, a publication of the Smithsonian Institution's Scientific Event Alert Network. The complete bulletin is available in the microfiche edition of Eos as a microfiche supplement or as a paper reprint. For the microfiche, order document F.84‐004 at $2.50 (U.S.) from AGU Fulfillment, 2000 Florida Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20009. For the paper reprint, order SEAN Bulletin (giving volume and issue numbers and issue date) through AGU Separates at the above address; the price is $3.50 for one copy of each issue number for those who do not have a deposit account, $2 for those who do; additional copies of each issue number are $1. Subscriptions to SEAN Bulletin are available from AGU Fulfillment at the above address; the price is $18 for 12 monthly issues mailed to a U.S. address, $28 if mailed elsewhere, and must be prepaid.
Research ship plans for 1985”1987
Authors: Shor George
Published: October 2011

The University National Oceanographic Laboratory System (UNOLS), representing operators of American academic research ships, has established a National Expeditionary Planning Committee to coordinate planning of research ship cruises to remote areas, multi‐ship operations, and operations requiring fixed schedules of work. One essential part of this is to provide predictions of the areas in which the major research ships are likely to operate to make it possible for scientific investigators to do their own planning. This is, of course, a circular process: Some marine scientists have told us of their plans; these have resulted in tentative schedules. We hope that other investigators will fit their plans into these schedules to use the ships more efficiently and to avoid unproductive transit time.
The Pacific and its influence
Authors: Anonymoua
Published: October 2011

A specially equipped scientific research ship and an Orion P‐3 instrumented aircraft will be dispatched to the equatorial Pacific Ocean this spring by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) to conduct in‐tandem studies of the ocean's influence on, and relationship with, the atmosphere. The NOAA ship Researcher will cruise the waters from Honolulu to Tahiti between May 14 and June 4, taking water and air measurements while the Orion aircraft samples the atmosphere overhead. After 3 weeks of data collection, scientists hope to gain new knowledge about how the ocean is involved in such phemomena as acid rain, El Niño, and the “greenhouse” buildup of carbon dioxide.
Magnetic reconnection in space and laboratory plasmas
Authors: Hones E. W.
Published: October 2011

AGU is publishing Magnetic Reconnection in Space and Laboratory Plasmas, as volume 30 of the Geophysical Monograph Series (members $23.10; nonmembers $33.00). This volume is based on the Chapman Conference on Magnetic Reconnection, which was held at the Los Alamos National Laboratory in October 1983. Organization of that conference was first considered in early 1981, at a time when the body of evidence for the occurrence and importance of magnetic reconnection in earth's magnetosphere had already become impressive and was continuing to increase rapidly. There had not been a major conference on the subject since 1977, and the intervening years had seen important new strides being made. Initial plans called for holding the conference in October 1982, but conflicts with other conferences forced its postponement for 1 year. The 1‐year postponement turned out to be a blessing in disguise because it permitted major new magnetospheric observations, made during that year by the ISEE 3 satellite, to be reported at the conference.
AGU membership applications
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Applications for membership have ben received from the following individuals. The letter after the name denotes the proposed primary section affiliation.
Correction [to “AGU Scholars”]
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

In the article,“AGU Scholars,” which appeared in the March 13, 1984, issue of Eos (p. 101), the affiliation given for Charles R. Elerson was listed incorrectly.
Geophysical weight loss diet
Authors: Schatten Kenneth
Published: October 2011

Having for numerous reasons acquired a three digit kilogram mass, the author is experienced at the painful struggles that the gourmand must suffer to reduce weight, particularly if he/she enjoys reasonably large amounts of good food. To the avant‐garde geophysicist, utilizing the following approach could be pleasurable, rewarding, and may even enable the accomplishment of what Ghengis Khan, Alexander the Great, Napolean, and Hitler could not!

The basic approach is the full utilization of Newton's formula for the attraction of two massive bodies: F=GM1M2/r2, where G, is the gravitational constant; r, the distance between the two bodies; and M1 and M2, the masses of the two bodies. Although one usually chooses M1 to be the earth's mass ME and M2 to be the mass of a small object, this unnecessarily restricts the realm of phenomena. The less restrictive assumption is M1 + M2 = ME.
And 6 more years of science
Authors: Reichhardt Tony
Published: October 2011

After these heroics, the rest of the repair mission went more or less according to the (amended) script. The crew was able to retrieve the satellite, fix its attitude control system and coronagraph/polarimeter instrument as planned, then redeploy Solar Max in its 500‐km‐high orbit on April 12.

Barely was the satellite back in service again when it got the chance to observe the eruption of a major solar flare, through what Solar Max project scientist Bruce Woodgate calls “a combination of anticipation and rapid re‐pointing.” The satellite had been near the middle of a 30‐day engineering checkout period when, on April 23, the onboard hard X ray burst spectrometer began detecting flare bursts in a particularly active region on the sun. Project scientists then requested Goddard technicians to move the satellite and point its narrow field instruments at the active region, with the result that half an hour later the satellite was perfectly positioned to record the largest flare of the current solar cycle occuring on the sun. “We got lucky there,” says Woodgate. So interesting were the data returning from this flare region that Solar Max was scheduled to remain in its “science mode” for about 2 weeks before picking up again with the engineering healthchecks.
Legislative update
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

ARCTIC RESEARCH AND POLICY ACT, H.R. 2292 (Young, R‐Alaska) and S. 373 (Murkowski, R‐Alaska), would provide comprehensive national policy dealing with national needs and objectives in Arctic and would provide a centralized system for collection and retrieval of scientific data, establish priorities, and provide financial support for basic and applied scientific research. Senate Passed June 27, 1983 House Passed April 24, 1984
Ground Water Monitoring Technology: Procedures, Equipment, and Applications
Authors: Bradbury Kenneth R.
Published: October 2011

Over the past few years, increased interest in groundwater monitoring has resulted in numerous new articles about, equipment for, and approaches to the field measurement of physical and chemical groundwater parameters. Ground Water Monitoring Technology is a useful book that attempts to make sense of this recent information by organizing it into sections on monitoring the vadose zone (part 1), monitoring the zone of saturation (part 2), and groundwater sampling equipment (part 3). According to the preface, “A degree of discrimination was exercised in selecting technologies which were directly applicable for field use.” The book emphasizes “field proven methods which have been documented” at the expense of other promising but unproven field techniques, and it omits laboratory methods except where required for instrument calibration. Morrison is aware of the rapidly changing nature of current groundwater field techniques and has written the book so that it “will be useful even after a particular instrument becomes obsolete.”
Supporting members
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Life Supporting Members L. Thomas Aldrich Thomas D. Barrow Hugh J . A. Chivers Allan V. Cox Samuel S. Goldich Pembroke J. Hart A. Ivan Johnson Helmut E. Landsberg Paolo Lanzano Murli H. Manghnani L. L. Nettleton Charles B. Officer Hyman Orlin Ned A. Ostenso Erick O. Schonstedt Waldo E. Smith Athelstan Spilhaus A. F. Spilhaus, Jr. John W. Townsend, Jr. James A. Van Allen Leonard W. Weis Charles A. Whitten J. Tuzo Wilson
Publication process
Authors: Russell C. T. , Reiff P. H.
Published: October 2011

Those who have contributed to the research literature are quite familiar with the workings of the publication process, even though they may not have seen it explicitly set down as is done in the accompanying flow chart. However, for the benefit of students, who are thought to read Eos, if only for the classified ads, and editors, who may have lost sight of the forest for the trees, we have requested that AGU publish this diagram. T h e flow chart is self‐explanatory. We note that ΔtA,ΔtE, and ΔtR are time delays introduced by the author, the editor, and the referee. Since the editor gets to handle the paper twice each iteration (the number of which is counted by the index, I) he is responsible for a time delay of 2 ΔtE. The number NJ is journal dependent, ranging from 0 for some conference proceedings and forprofit journals, to 2 (or greater) for some AGU journals. (For example, this is our third submittal of this forum.) We would particularly like to thank G.C. Reid and S. Solomon and the many others who have had a hand in codifying this flow chart over the years and Eos editor, L.J. Lanzerotti, for his assistance in the further refinement of various details.
General Climatology
Authors: Kondratyev K. Ya.
Published: October 2011

Publication of the fourth edition of the textbook General Climatology by H.J. Critchfield is in itself a convincing indicator of both the urgency of the problem and the high value of the book. A reader who wants to get acquainted with climatology will find here useful information on climate‐forming factors and observational techniques (part 1) and on the observed features of the global climate (part 2), as well as ways to use the information on climate to control natural resources, in agriculture, medicine, construction, etc. For this edition the author has added new material (for instance, data on the climate of oceans), but he has failed to bring the contents into line with the current state of the science in this field.

The book, originally published long ago, contains information mainly on classical (chiefly, descriptive) climatology. However, during the last 2 decades climatology has changed beyond recognition: Some experts even speak about revolution in climatology. Important changes have been connected first of all with intensive and successful development of climate theory, which has led to the transformation of climatology from a descriptive to a physico‐mathematical science. The idea of the “atmosphere‐ocean‐continents‐cryosphere‐biosphere” climatic system has emphasized the interdisciplinary character of the climate problem, the solution of which should draw on geography, mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, and some other sciences. The use of satellite observations has performed the real revolution in climatology. The solution of the global‐scale climate problem can now be based on the use of information (mainly data on cloud cover and the earth's radiation budget) that for the first time covers the entire planet.
Mahdi S. Hantush 1921”1984
Authors: Ahmad M. U. , Gross G. W. , Marino M. A. , Papadopulos S. S. , Saleem Z. A.
Published: October 2011

Mahdi Salih Hantush, Professor of Hydrology at the University of Kuwait, died on January 14, 1984 from complications following heart surgery.

A hydrologist, scientist, and great teacher, Mantush specialized in the application of mathematics to the solution of transient groundwater flow problems. His particular expertise in the development of well‐flow equations led the late R.W. Stallman of the U.S. Geological Survey to refer to him as “The Master of Radial Flow.” Hantush's numerous scientific publications contributed greatly to the present theories of flow in leaky aquifers, unconfined aquifers, and anisotropic aquifers. He derived the mathematical equations of flow to fully and/or partially penetrating wells in such aquifer systems, and devised methods for the analysis of pumpingtest data to determine their hydraulic properties. He was not only a researcher, but also a practicing hydrologist, deriving the equations he needed to solve practical problems.
The Planet Venus
Authors: Luhmann Janet
Published: October 2011

This book is not so much for the space scientist looking for background material for research as it is for one interested in the history of planetary exploration. The first half (∼100 pps) is devoted to studies of Venus before the space age, starting at several hundred years BC. It is obvious from the multitude of detailed descriptions of observers' accounts that considerable library research went into this section. While sometimes tedious, this chronology of Venus research is punctuated with amusing facts. While many may know about the Velikovsky theory of the cometary origin of the planet, few may know that Lowell drew pictures of Cytherian canals similar to the canals of Mars or that Frederick the Great of Prussia proposed to name the (once suspected) satellite of Venus D'Alembert, after the mathematician. An equally amusing appendix shows the ups and downs of the rotation period of this planet with the invisible surface. Much attention is focused on early telescope observations, the ashen light, and transits of Venus. At the end of this half, one appreciates that Venus has played a fairly important role in history in the areas of religion, science, and technology.
April streamflow
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Heavy spring rains that fell across the nation frequently during April and early May pushed streamflows in many states to record or near‐record high levels, according to a regular month end check on water resources by the U. S. Geological Survey (USGS), Department of the Interior.

USGS hydrologists said new record high flows for April were measured at streams in Kansas, North Carolina, South Carolina, Nebraska, and Nevada. Near‐record high flows for the month were recorded on streams in Connecticut, Pennsylvania, Iowa, and Missouri.
Recent Ph.D.'s
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Eos periodically lists information on recently accepted doctoral dissertations in the disciplines of geophysics. Faculty members are invited to submit the following information, on institution letterhead, above the signature of the faculty advisor or department chairman: (1) the dissertation title, (2) author's name, (3) name of the degree‐granting department and institution, (4) faculty advisor, (5) month and year degree was awarded. If possible, include the current address and telephone number of the degree recipient (this information will not be published).
1984 VGP Award nominations
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Nominations are being sought for the 1984 VGP Award, which will be presented at the AGU Fall Meeting this coming December in San Francisco, Calif.

The award is given for a single outstanding contribution to volconology, geochemistry, or petrology made during the preceding 5 years. The contribution may be (1) a single outstanding paper published in any journal, (2) a series of papers which, taken together, contribute an outstanding contribution, or (3) any other contribution that the selection committee considers worthy.
A new interdisciplinary focus on precipitation research
Authors:   Committee on Precipitation, AGU Hydrology Section
Published: October 2011

In the Hydrology Section of the American Geophysical Union, a new Committee on Precipitation was formed in fall 1982 consisting of nine members from the fields of hydrology, atmospheric sciences, statistics, and mathematics. The objective in bringing together these scientists from different disciplines was to collectively address important problems and directions in precipitation research that are of central interest to the long‐range development of hydrologic science. It is somewhat trite but true that advances in the stochastic modeling of rainfall require corresponding advances in the understanding of the physical processes which produce precipitation. Consequently, a working dialogue between hydrologists and atmospheric physicists in formulating and addressing research plans seems quite appropriate. In this same spirit, advances in the stochastic modeling of rainfall require advances in mathematical and statistical techniques. Issues pertinent to major unsolved problems and research directions in understanding, modeling, and predicting of precipitation in space and time were extensively discussed among the committee members and are summarized in this article.
Physics of shallow estuaries and bays
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The objective of the symposium is to promote the exchange of information on recent developments in estuarine physics between physical oceanographers and coastal engineers. Emphasis will be on shallow estuaries and bays (well‐mixed and partially mixed) and reef lagoons.

The symposium stresses results of field and laboratory measurements and the formulation of the governing equations and boundary conditions as opposed to numerical techniques. Both well‐mixed and partially mixed estuaries are included. The following topics will be covered: (1) large‐scale transport processes (mixing); (2) tide and wind‐induced residual flow; (3) small‐scale turbulence; (4) suspended sediment transport; and (5) exchange between ocean and estuary/bay.
MORP: Keeping track of meteorites
Authors: Bell Peter M.
Published: October 2011

If one considers the level of significance frequently granted to observations of small portions of an individual meteorite sample, the question of sampling error arises. A project to answer this question has been underway in Canada for 9 years (1974–1983). The Meteorite Observation and Recovery Project, or, more simply MORP, is an observational network designed to evaluate the frequency of meteorite falls on the surface of the earth [see I. Halliday, A.T. Blackwell, and A.A. Griffin, J.R. Astron. Soc. Can., 72, 15, 1978]. Other major networks for observation have been operative in the United States and Central Europe. Halliday, Blackwell, and Griffin reported recently on MORP results: “…the total mass deposited on the ground is 142 kg year1 −l in 106 km2 …it is obvious that a very small portion of the potential harvest is ever located” [Science, 223, 1405–1407, 1984]. The actual numbers from the analysis are staggering. The normal recovery rate of meteorites per year in the world is no more than one or two dozen (excluding “fossil” meteorites recovered from the Antarctic glacial ice). The number of meteorite falls over the entire earth's surface is about 25,000 per year, according to the MORP analysis.
Viking Lander 1: New exhibit
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) transferred ownership of the Viking Lander 1, which landed on Mars in 1976, to the Smithsonian Institution's National Air and Space Museum.

Requested by museum director Walter Boyne, the transfer includes the loan of the official Viking Lander plaque, which renames the lander the Thomas A. Mutch Memorial Station in memory of the Viking Lander imaging team leader and NASA associate administrator for space science. Mutch died in a climbing accident in the Himalayas in 1980. The plaque is scheduled to be placed on Mars by U.S. astronauts at some indefinite time. NASA retains reclaimant rights of the lander for scientific purposes.
1984 top sponsors
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Nine hundred seventy‐eight new members have been elected in the first 5 months of 1984. The top sponsors, AGU members sponsoring three or more new members, are listed below