bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Generating Scenarios of Cross-Correlated Demands for Modelling Water Distribution Networks
Authors: Magini Roberto , Boniforti Maria Antonietta , Guercio Roberto
Published: January 2019

This paper presents a methodology for the generation of a limited and representative number of water demand scenarios, taking into account the natural variability and spatial correlation of nodal consumption in a Water Distribution Network (WDN), and estimates their corresponding occurrence probabilities. Scaling laws are used to evaluate the statistics of water consumption at each node as a function of the number of users, considering the main statistical features of the unitary user's demand. Besides, consumption at each node is considered to follow a Gamma probability distribution. A high number of groups of cross-correlated demands, i.e. scenarios, for the entire network were generated using Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) and the numerical procedure proposed by Iman and Conover. The Kantorovich distance is used to reduce the number of scenarios and estimate their corresponding probabilities, while keeping the statistical information on nodal consumptions. By hydraulic simulation, the whole number of generated demand scenarios was used to obtain a corresponding number of pressure scenarios on which the same reduction procedure was applied. The probabilities of the reduced scenarios of pressure were compared with the corresponding probabilities of demand.
Low Temperature and Low UV Indexes Correlated with Peaks of Influenza Virus Activity in Northern Europe during 2010-2018
Authors: Ianevski Aleksandr , Zusinaite Eva , Shtaida Nastassia , Kallio-Kokko Hannumari , Valkonen Miia , Kantele Anu , Telling Kaidi , Lutsar Irja , Letjuka Pille , Metelitsa Natalja , Oksenych Valentyn , Dumpis Uga , Vitkauskiene Astra , Stašaitis Kestutis , Öhrmalm Christina , Bondeson Kåre , Bergqvist Anders , Cox Rebecca , Tenson Tanel , Merits Andres , Kainov Denis
Published: January 2019

With the increasing pace of global warming, it is important to understand the role of meteorological factors in influenza virus (IV) epidemics. In this study, we investigated the impact of temperature, UV index, humidity, wind speed, atmospheric pressure, and precipitation on IV activity in Norway, Sweden, Finland, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania during 2010-2018. Both correlation and machine learning analyses revealed that low temperature and low UV indexes were the most predictive meteorological factors for IV epidemics in the Northern European countries. Our in vitro experiments confirmed that low temperature and UV radiation preserved IV infectivity. Associations between these meteorological factors and IV activity could improve surveillance and promote development of accurate predictive models for future influenza outbreaks in Northern Europe.
Applying Cognitive Presence to Individual Educational Experience as a Framework for Reflection
Authors: Carroll La Shun L.
Published: January 2019

Traditionally understood in reference to distance education, cognitive presence may be defined as "the extent to which the participants in any particular configuration of a community of inquiry can construct meaning through sustained communication.  The purpose of this paper was to create a blueprint for the reflective ePortfolio as the capstone project for my graduate degree.   The blueprint was accomplished by adapting for use cognitive presence as a tool for both analysis and framing, which has never been done to the best of my knowledge.  I considered myself to be a participant in a “community of inquiry” model and substituted the result of my interaction with each of the required instructor-course content pairings I took to serve as fellow participants in this community model. The result of my participation was understood to be the knowledge and experience that I have gained, which was reflected in eight of my academic research papers.  These selected papers were the artifacts around which my ePortfolio was ultimately developed and demonstrated my participation as an active member in this community of inquiry constructing meaning through sustained communication.
Watershed-Scale Surface Runoff and Water Quality Response to Climate Change, Urbanization, and Implementation of LIDs
Authors: Nazari-Sharabian Mohammad , Karakouzian Moses , Ahmad Sajjad
Published: January 2019

The Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) was used to evaluate the impact of urbanization, climate change, and implementation of Low Impact Developments (LIDs) at the Mahabad Dam watershed, Iran. Several scenarios of urbanization, with and without climate change impacts, in different locations were defined, including near outlet, middle, far end, and whole watershed. Climate change was considered to change the intensity of rainfall and increase evaporation. Vegetative swales were implemented as LIDs to evaluate their applicability to reduce pollutant loads. Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of the area was input into ArcGIS, and the watershed was delineated using the ArcSWAT extension to identify topographic features. Water quality properties were defined in the software, and each scenario was run for a twelve-hour simulation. The results indicated that urbanization affects the imperviousness of sub-catchments, and location of urbanization affects the amount and timing of runoff and pollutant yields. Fifty-percent urbanization near the watershed outlet resulted in 23.1% and 27.4% increases in runoff and pollutant loads, respectively. Fifty-percent urbanization in the middle resulted in 28.8% and 35.4% increases in runoff and pollutant loads; and, at the far end, 23.1% and 3.9% increases in runoff and pollutant loads were the result; Fifty-percent urbanizing the whole watershed gave 58.6% and 66.3% increases in runoff and pollutant loads, respectively; Under climate change scenarios (higher intensity, shorter duration rainfall) peaks occurred earlier. Moreover, results showed LIDs decreased pollution loads up to 25%.
Surface Properties and Biocompatibility of Thick Film Materials Used in Ceramic Bioreactors
Authors: Bartsch Heike , Peipmann Ralf , Himmerlich Marcel , Frant Marion , Rothe Holger , Liefeith Klaus , Witte Hartmut
Published: January 2019

Low temperature cofired ceramics (LTCC) have conquered a niche segment in biological microelectromechanical systems (BioMEMS) during the last two decades. Since 3-dimensional assembly and rapid prototyping capability are outstanding features of the technology, bioreactors with complex geometry can easily be produced. Particularly needed functions are working electrodes, e.g. for impedance measurements and reference electrodes consisting in platinum or silver-silver chloride. Although the distinct grainy surface of thick film materials influences the double layer properties, data describing the bioelectronic interface and biocompatibility of common thick film materials are rarely published up to now. This works aims to fill this gap by studying the surface properties, composition, electrochemical properties and biocompatibility of commercially available thick film materials. It was found that thick film gold is suitable as electrode material in direct cell contact since an appropriate proliferation of the cell culture was observed. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) coating decreases the absolute value of the zeta potential of thick film gold from 16.55 V to 11.78 mV without any change in vitality of the cells. Thick film platinum layers have a porous structure entailing an enlargement of the effective surface by a factor of 21.6 and can be used as reference instead of silver/silver chloride, which was identified to be incompatible with cell culture. The investigations show that some commercially available cost-effective thick film materials are compatible with cell culture and the here presented data give an orientation for the use of the same in LTCC bioreactors.
Nutritional Value of Extruded Dog Food with Mechanically Separated Chicken Meat or Meat By-products.
Authors: Meineri Giorgia , Peiretti Pier Giorgio , Tassone Sonia , Candellone Alessia , Longato Erica , Russo Natalia , Pattono Daniele , Prola Liviana
Published: January 2019

The objectives of this study were: (a) to evaluate the effect of inclusion of mechanically separated chicken meat (MSCM) in dry dog food on fatty acid profile, in vivo and in vitro digestibility, and palatability as compared with dry dog food containing meat by-products (MBP); (b) to determine, whether or not, the inclusion of the one or the other ingredient changes the microbiology and the storage quality of the two food products; (c) to propose a new system (DaisyII Incubator) to measure the in vitro digestibility of the two products. Their similar chemical composition notwithstanding, the MSCM product had lower palatability but better nutritional quality (with higher polyunsaturated fatty acid [PUFA] content and lower saturated fatty acid [SFA] content) than the MBP product. Microbiological risk assessment showed no microbiological hazards for either product. After 6 months storage, polyamine values were found to be higher in the MSCM than in the MBP. Finally, the DaisyII Incubator proved a valid instrument for the study of in vitro digestibility also for dogs; since it provided data simply, quickly with less variability and cost than obtained with in vivo trials, it could represent the future for pet food digestibility studies. Our results indicate that inclusion of MSCM or MBP as the main protein ingredient in extruded pet food may be used advantageously in product formulations.
Synthesis and Luminescence Properties of Core-Shell-Shell Composites: SiO2@PMDA-Si-Tb@SiO2 and SiO2@PMDA-Si-Tb-phen@SiO2
Authors: Feng Lina , Li Wenxian , Bao Jinrong , Zheng Yushang , Li Yilian , Ma Yangyang , Yang Kuisuo , Qiao Yan , Wu Anping
Published: January 2019

Two novel core-shell composites SiO2@PMDA-Si-Tb, SiO2@PMDA-Si-Tb-phen with SiO2 as the core and terbium organic complex as the shell, were successfully synthesized. The terbium ion was coordinated with organic ligand forming terbium organic complex in the shell layer. The bi-functional organosilane ((HOOC)2C6H2(CONH(CH2)3Si(OCH2CH3)3)2 (abbreviated as PMDA-Si) was used as the first ligand and phen as the second ligand. Furthermore, the silica-modified SiO2@PMDA-Si-Tb@SiO2, SiO2@PMDA-Si-Tb-phen@SiO2 core-shell-shell composites were also synthesized by sol–gel chemical route. An amorphous silica shell was coated around the SiO2@PMDA-Si-Tb and SiO2@PMDA-Si-Tb-phen core-shell composites. The core-shell and core-shell-shell composites both exhibited excellent luminescence in solid state. The luminescence of core-shell-shell composites was stronger than that of core-shell composites. Meanwhile, an improved luminescence stability property for the core-shell-shell composites was found in the aqueous solution. The core-shell-shell composites exhibited bright luminescence, high stability, long lifetime, and good solubility, which may present potential applications in the field of bio-medical.
ECONOMIC POTENTIAL OF THE BRAZILIAN MARINE RECREATIONAL FISHERY
Authors: Meirelles Felizola Freire Kátia , Rashid Sumaila Ussif
Published: January 2019

The number of recreational fishing licenses in Brazil has been increasing exponentially since 2000, but a drop occurred in 2014, probably associated to an economic crisis. On average, only 20% of the licenses issued in 2011-2014 were for anglers fishing in marine waters. From those, 20% were type A licenses (shore-based) and the remainder were type B-C licenses (boat-based). Based on the licenses database, it was possible to estimate a mean annual expenditure by marine anglers of US$ 524 million between 2011 and 2014. The absolute mean expenditure per trip was usually higher for men but women tended to spend more as a percentage of their income. This was mainly due to the lower average income of women relative to men. Some inconsistences in the licenses database were found which could be easily corrected in the future and the estimates presented here improved.
The Application of Inquiry-Based Interactive Multimedia to minimize Student Misconception on Biotechnology Sucject
Authors: Ferliyati Laela , Kurniati Tri Handayani , Suryanda Ade
Published: January 2019

Biotechnology includes topic about gene and nuclear cloning is a very challenging subject to study at high school. Without proper Media aid, misconception will more likely to occur among students. The use of Inquiry-based Interactive Multimedia was expected to reduce the misconception about cloning process since it is visualized more clearly. This study was aimed to measure slope misconception of student and to analyze the application of Inquiry-based Interactive Multimedia to minimize student misconception on Biotechnology subject. The research was conducted at MAN 8 Jakarta on May 2012 using a quasi experimental method and pretest-posttest control group design. A total of 40 science students were taken equally from IPA 1 and IPA 2 classes at grade 10 to become experimental and control groups. They were selected by simple random sampling. A test of multiple choice questions with five alternative answers was used as the study instrument. To detect for any misconception, the test result was measured by Certainty of Response Index (CRI). Using this technique, there were 8 % misconception found on the pre-test and 7% on the post-test. As the conclusion, the use of Inquiry-based Interactive Multimedia was effective to minimize student misconception on Biotechnology subject.
The Effect of Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS) Technique of Cooperative Learning Model toward Students’ Biology Learning Outcomes
Authors: Sari Eva Novika , Nilawarni Reduk , Heryanti Erna
Published: January 2019

Learning activities determines the achievement of learning aims and objectives. One of the objectives can be reflected in higher students’ learning result. The improvement may occur using Two Stay Two Stray Technique of Cooperative Learning Model since students are encouraged to learn together and help each other in groups. The research aimed to determine the effect of Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS) technique of Cooperative Learning Model on Students’ Biology Learning Outcomes on the ecosystem topic. This research was carried out at SMAN 2 Tangerang on May to June 2012 using a quasi-experimental method. Two science classes at grade 10 were selected by purposive sampling technique, class X-7 as the experimental group and class X-8 as the control group. An overall of 36 students of each class was selected by simple random sampling. Data obtained by using instruments of multiple choice question test and affective Attitude Scale. The result of Normality testing of Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and homogeneity testing of F-test showed a normal distribution and homogenous data. The average Biology study result of experimental group was 79.1 while of control group was 74.3. Based on the result, it can be concluded that Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS) technique of Cooperative Learning Model affected Students’ Biology Learning Outcomes.
Effect of Application of Team Assisted Individualization of Biology Learning Model Of Student Interest in the Pteridophyta Material at SMAN 39 Jakarta
Authors: Istiani Riris , Azrai Eka Putri , Rustam Yoswita
Published: January 2019

The one of problems which happened in learning activity is the lowness of student’s learning interest. Teacher has to do every ways to increase student learning interest. One alternative is to study the implementation of Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) models. Operational objectives of this study was to measure the learning outcomes of biology and the application of learning models to analyze the influence of the material TAIpteridophyta to biology students learning interest. The research was conducted in SMAN 39 Jakarta in May 2012. The research method used is a quasi-experiment type of Control Group Pretest-Posttest Design with a sampling technique that is purposive sampling. Based on calculations derived normally distributed data and homogeneous.Hypothesis test calculation results obtained tcount 2.97> 1.66 at α = t table 0.05, reject Ho.It can be concluded that there is influence the implementation of Team Assisted Individualization model of interest in studying biology at 39 Jakarta the high school students pteridophyta material.
The Comparison of Junior High School Student Comprehension about Slow Loris Conservation Based on Participation on Slow Loris Awareness Activity
Authors: Nurhayati Nurhayati , Sukandar Paskal , Suryanda Ade
Published: January 2019

Slow loris are Indonesia’s primate that is protected and in threat. Slow loris existence in the nature are very thoughtful due to lack of habitat, illegal hunting, and illegal trading. This is because the lack of people awareness about slow loris existence so that it is necessary to held an activity that can improve conservation awareness like Slow Loris Awarenessthat held by Yayasan IAR (International Animal Rescue) Indonesia. The aim of this research was to know the comparison of junior high school student comprehension about slow loris conservation based on participation on Slow Loris Awareness activity. This research was conducted atjunior high school 14 of Jakarta on July 2012. The method of the research was quasi-experiment with nonrandomized control group, pretest-posttest design. The research sample was student of class VIII B and VIII D with 32 students each. The instruments that used were comprehension test question. The analysis prerequisite test was normal and homogen. This research showed that the average of pretest score for experiment class was 61,58 and postest score was 75,18, meanwhile the average of pretest score for control class was 63,05 and postest score was 68,38.The hypothesis was tested using t test showed reject H0, It could be conclude that the comprehension about slow loris conservation on junior high school students who participated in Slow Loris Awareness activity were better than students who did not participate.
The effectiveness of the printed books as a learning material in a one-day the molecular biology course
Authors: Isfaeni Hanum , Corebima Aloysius Duran , Suwono Hadi , Rohman Fatchur
Published: January 2019

The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of the enrichment book of Conservation Biology Lecture based on normalized gain assessment. The assessment of a lecture can be carried out in the learning process for one. Normalized gain on a class average can be used to make learning assessments. In this assessment, it is expected that the effectiveness of using books as learning media can be achieved by using the normalized gain values. The learning media in this research were printed enrichment books on molecular biology lecture. In this research, it was found that the average score of normalized gain (g) was 0.37 ± 0.03 (moderate). Thus, the results of the assessment show that the book media as a medium for learning material enrichment in the molecular biology lecture is quite effective.
The emergence of biological problems in electronic school books (bse) class x reviewed from the scientific knowledge domain of scientific literacy
Authors: Juhanda Aa , Maryanto Yoga
Published: January 2019

This descriptive study was conducted with the aim to determine the emergence of biological problems in class XE in terms of the scientific knowledge domain of scientific literacy covering aspects of content/content, procedural and epistemic. The sample of this study consisted of 295 questions contained in the 2009 edition of BSE Biology Class X book, determined by purposive sampling technique which included examples of questions and exercises. The instrument used in this study is a document analysis document about the domain of scientific knowledge of scientific literacy. The results of the problem analysis showed that the aspect of content had the highest percentage appearance of 85.42% (excellent category) compared to the procedural aspects of 9.83% (very poor) and epistemic aspects of 1.36% (less). Based on these results it can be concluded that the domains of scientific literacy scientific knowledge contained in the class X BSE book are not balanced evenly so that the distribution of the question needs to be rearranged.
Courses perceived difficult by undergraduate students majoring in biology
Authors: Fauzi Ahmad , Fariantika Anisa
Published: January 2019

Some previous reports inform many students having learning difficulties on some science subjects. The purpose of this study is to map the courses considered difficult by undergraduate students majoring in Biology. This study used survey research design. Participants in this study are undergraduate students of Biology Education Study Program and undergraduate students of Biology Study Program, from the Department of Biology in one of the state university in Malang. The instruments used in this study are questionnaires of difficult courses in the Department of Biology and descriptive analysis is used as a data analysis technique. The results of this study are the majority of Biology Education students positioning Genetics, Genetics, and Biochemistry as the first, second, and third most difficult courses, while the majority of Biology students positioning Genetics, Genetics, and Botany as the first, second, and third most difficult courses. The Genetics, Statistics, and Biochemistry are the three most frequently selected courses as the three most difficult subjects in Biology Education Study Program, while in Biology Study Program is Genetics, Biochemistry, and Botany.
From a reader to a scientist: developing cirgi learning to empower scientific literacy and mastery of biology concept
Authors: Ristanto Rizhal Hendi , Zubaidah Siti , Amin Mohamad , Rohman Fatchur
Published: January 2019

There are many studies on biology learning for primary school prospective teachers have been conducted in order to improve learning quality. This research aimed to produce a learning design in form of integrated instructional kit of CIRC and guided inquiry (CirGI). The research method used was research and development adapted from 4D development model of Thiagarajan consisted of define, design, develop, and disseminate stages. The research was limited up to the develop stage. The research result indicated that the product of CirGi instructional kit development in form of the syllabus, lesson plan, student worksheets, and evaluation instruments in form of scientific literacy and mastery of biology concept for primary school in Primary School Teacher Education in Pakuan University. The research result is expected to give a contribution to learning and to be further developed to achieve Biology learning objectives that could empower scientific literacy and the mastery of biology concept.
Comparative Study of the Effects of Different Fractions of Ficus Exasperata Vahl on Rat Hepatic Mitochondrial Membrane Permeability Transition Pore
Authors: Ehigie Adeola F. , Nwaechefu Olajumoke O. , Anyasor Godswill N. , Oyelere Faith S. , Sangodipe Tosin S. , Ehigie Leonard O.
Published: January 2019

A number of phytochemicals have been established as potent inducers of the mitochondrial membrane permeability transition (MMPT) pore, a transient structure formed in the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM). There is however no information on the effect of Ficus exasperata (F. exasperata) a popular medicinal plant, on this pore, necessitating this investigation. The in vitro effects of varying concentrations (200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000µg/ml) of the methanol, n-hexane and ethylacetate fractions of leaf and stem of F. exasperata on MMPT pore opening in experimental rat liver were assessed. Opening of MMPT pore was spectrophotometrically assayed under succinate-energized condition using a modified method of Lapidus and Sokolove, 1993[34]. The results obtained for the Stem Methanol Fraction (SMF) and Leaf Methanol Fraction (LMF) show significant (P< 0.05) increases in the extents to which MMPT pore opening was induced at all concentrations compared with the control group, with the highest induction observed at 400µg/ml and the least seen at 1000µg/ml. The inductive effects of Leaf n-hexane Fraction (LHF) and Stem n-hexane Fraction (SHF) increased as concentration increased such that the highest induction observed in LHF and SHF were 2.80 and 2.28 fold increases respectively. Leaf Ethylacetate Fraction (LEF) and Stem Ethylacetate Fraction (SEF) of F. exasperata also show a concentration-dependent effect such that the inductive effect decreased as concentration increased i.e. at 200µg/ml of LEF and SEF, 3.97 and 4.25-fold increases were achieved respectively while the least folds in induction were observed at 1000µg/ml for both at 2.0-fold and 1.97-fold respectively. Taken together, all tested fractions of F. exasperata have significant P < 0.05 inductive effect on the MMPT pore opening at all tested concentrations, the most potent fraction being the SEF. We thus conclude that F. exasperata is an effective inducer of the MMPT pore, albeit, different fractions derived from different parts vary in their potency. Also, F. exasperata could find a great use in the treatment of ailments dependent on the induction of the mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore opening.
Pengaruh Sistem Akuntansi dan Kompetensi Akuntansi Terhadap Potensi Penyalahgunaan Dana Desa (Studi Kasus Di Kabupaten Demak)
Authors: Husnurrosyidah Husnurrosyidah , Suendro Ginanjar
Published: January 2019

The potential for misuse of the funds of the village in Indonesia has increased due to misconstrued one side, basic education is the head of the village and its officials not derived from competencies of accounting. The village chief has the desire and the hope that created a computerized accounting system to simplify financial reporting the village Fund. Thus, a good Accounting System in conducting employee administration finance village Fund will be able to reduce the potential for abuse of the village Fund.This research aims to know the influence of the accounting system and accounting competency against the potential misuse of funds. This research is the research field (field research) with a quantitative approach. The data used are the primary data with survey methods through the dissemination of the questionnaire. There are two independent variables in this study i.e. (X 1) accounting systems and accounting competency (x 2). The dependent variable (Y) village Fund abuse. The technique of sampling using random sampling so that the retrieved samples of the 101 people who represent their respective villages in Kabupaten Demak.The results showed that 1) influential accounting systems against misuse of funds i.e. village of 0762 with p-value < 0.01; 2) influential accounting competency against the misappropriation of funds of the village i.e. of 0461 with p-value = 0.07.
Behavioral Interventions Using Consumer Information Technology as Tools to Advance Health Equity
Authors: Bakken Suzanne , Marden Sue , Arteaga S. Sonia , Grossman Lisa , Keselman Alla , Le Phuong-Tu , Creber Ruth Masterson , Powell-Wiley Tiffany M. , Schnall Rebecca , Tabor Derrick , Das Rina , Farhat Tilda
Published: January 2019

The digital divide related to consumer information technologies (CITs) has diminished, thus increasing the potential to use CITs to overcome barriers of access to health interventions as well as to deliver interventions situated in the context of daily lives. However, the evidence base regarding the use and impact of CIT-enabled interventions in health disparity populations lags behind that for the general population.

Literature and case examples are summarized to demonstrate the use of mHealth, telehealth, and social media as behavioral intervention platforms in health disparity populations, identify challenges to achieving their use, describe strategies for overcoming the challenges, and recommend future directions. The evidence base is emerging. However, challenges in design, implementation, and evaluation must be addressed for the promise to be fulfilled.

Future directions include (1) improved design methods, (2) enhanced research reporting, (3) advancement of multilevel interventions, (4) rigorous evaluation, (5) efforts to address privacy concerns, and (6) inclusive design and implementation decisions.
Screw Fixation Versus Hemiarthroplasty for Nondisplaced Femoral Neck Fractures in Elderly Patients
Authors: Dolatowski Filip C. , Frihagen Frede , Bartels Stefan , Opland Vidar , Šaltytė Benth Jūratė , Talsnes Ove , Hoelsbrekken Sigurd Erik , Utvåg Stein Erik
Published: January 2019

Background:

Elderly patients with a displaced femoral neck fracture treated with hip arthroplasty may have better function than those treated with internal fixation. We hypothesized that hemiarthroplasty would be superior to screw fixation with regard to hip function, mobility, pain, quality of life, and the risk of a reoperation in elderly patients with a nondisplaced femoral neck fracture.

Methods:

In a multicenter randomized controlled trial (RCT), Norwegian patients ≥70 years of age with a nondisplaced (valgus impacted or truly nondisplaced) femoral neck fracture were allocated to screw fixation or hemiarthroplasty. Assessors blinded to the type of treatment evaluated hip function with the Harris hip score (HHS) as the primary outcome as well as on the basis of mobility assessed with the timed “Up & Go” (TUG) test, pain as assessed on a numerical rating scale, and quality of life as assessed with the EuroQol-5 Dimension-3 Level (EQ-5D) at 3, 12, and 24 months postsurgery. Results, including reoperations, were assessed with intention-to-treat analysis.

Results:

Between February 6, 2012, and February 6, 2015, 111 patients were allocated to screw fixation and 108, to hemiarthroplasty. At the time of follow-up, there was no significant difference in hip function between the screw fixation and hemiarthroplasty groups, with a 24-month HHS (and standard deviation) of 74 ± 19 and 76 ± 17, respectively, and an adjusted mean difference of −2 (95% confidence interval [CI] = −6 to 3; p = 0.499). Patients allocated to hemiarthroplasty were more mobile than those allocated to screw fixation (24-month TUG = 16.6 ± 9.5 versus 20.4 ± 12.8 seconds; adjusted mean difference = 6.2 seconds [95% CI = 1.9 to 10.5 seconds]; p = 0.004). Furthermore, screw fixation was a risk factor for a major reoperation, which was performed in 20% (22) of 110 patients who underwent screw fixation versus 5% (5) of 108 who underwent hemiarthroplasty (relative risk reduction [RRR] = 3.3 [95% CI = 0.7 to 10.0]; number needed to harm [NNH] = 6.5; p = 0.002). The 24-month mortality rate was 36% (40 of 111) for patients allocated to internal fixation and 26% (28 of 108) for those allocated to hemiarthroplasty (RRR = 0.4 [95% CI = −0.1 to 1.1]; p = 0.11). Two patients were lost to follow-up.

Conclusions:

In this multicenter RCT, hemiarthroplasty was not found to be superior to screw fixation in reestablishing hip function as measured by the HHS (the primary outcome). However, hemiarthroplasty led to improved mobility and fewer major reoperations. The findings suggest that certain elderly patients with a nondisplaced femoral neck fracture may benefit from being treated with a latest-generation hemiarthroplasty rather than screw fixation.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Postoperative Pain and Opioid Use in Children with Supracondylar Humeral Fractures
Authors: Nelson Susan E. , Adams Alexander J. , Buczek Matthew J. , Anthony Chris A. , Shah Apurva S.
Published: January 2019

Background:

Effective postoperative analgesia remains a priority in orthopaedic surgery, but concerns with regard to opioid diversion and misuse have brought overdue attention to improving opioid stewardship. Normative data for postoperative pain and opioid use are needed to guide and balance these dual priorities. We aimed to characterize postoperative pain and opioid use for an archetypal pediatric orthopaedic procedure: closed reduction and percutaneous pinning of a supracondylar humeral fracture.

Methods:

Children at a single pediatric trauma center who underwent closed reduction and percutaneous pinning of a supracondylar humeral fracture were enrolled and were prospectively followed. Validated pain scores (Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale) and opioid utilization data were collected using an automated text message-based protocol on postoperative days 1 to 7, 10, 14, and 21. Data were analyzed with descriptive and univariate statistics.

Results:

Eighty-one patients with a mean age (and standard deviation) of 6.1 ± 2.1 years (62% of whom were male) were enrolled, including 53.1% who had Type-II fractures and 46.9% who had Type-III fractures. The mean pain ratings were highest on arrival to the emergency department (3.5 ± 3.5 points) and the morning of postoperative day 1 (3.5 ± 2.4 points). By postoperative day 3, the mean pain rating decreased to <2 (1.8 ± 1.8 points) and the mean opioid doses decreased to <1 dose (0.8 ± 1.2 doses). Postoperative opioid use decreased in parallel to reported pain (r = 0.972; p < 0.001). The interquartile range of opioid use was 1 to 7 doses, and patients used only 24.1% of the prescribed opioids (mean, 4.8 ± 5.6 doses used and 19.8 ± 7.1 doses prescribed). There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in pain ratings or opioid use by fracture classification, age, or sex.

Conclusions:

Following closed reduction and percutaneous pinning for supracondylar humeral fracture, pain levels and opioid usage decrease to a clinically unimportant level by postoperative day 3. Patients who report pain scores of ≥6 points following discharge are outliers and should be screened for compartment syndrome or ischemia. Patients used <25% of prescribed opioid medication, suggesting the potential for overprescription and opioid diversion. A prescription for 7 opioid doses after discharge should allow adequate postoperative analgesia in the majority of patients while improving narcotic stewardship.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
What’s New in Adult Reconstructive Knee Surgery
Authors: Taunton Michael J.
Published: January 2019

Update

This article was updated on February 6, 2019, because of a previous error. On page 105, in the subsection titled “Outcomes and Design” the sentence that had read “Furthermore, in a retrospective review, Houdek et al.48, at a mean follow-up of 8 years, demonstrated improved survivorship of 9,999 metal-backed compared with 1,645 all-polyethylene tibial components, over all age groups and most BMI categories” now reads “Furthermore, in a retrospective review, Houdek et al.48, at a mean follow-up of 8 years, demonstrated inferior survivorship of 9,999 metal-backed compared with 1,645 all-polyethylene tibial components, over all age groups and most BMI categories.”

An erratum has been published: J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2019 Mar 20;101(6):e26.
Dimensional variations of left-sided double-lumen endobronchial tubes: an observational study
Authors: Hegland Niels , Schnitzler Sebastian , Ellensohn Jan , Steurer Marc P , Weiss Markus , Dullenkopf Alexander
Published: January 2019

Background: Tube size selection is critical in ventilating patient`s lungs using double-lumen endobronchial tubes. Little information about relevant parameters is readily available from manufacturers.
Methods: In this observational study in a benchmark in-vitro setup, several dimensional parameters of four sizes of left-sided double-lumen endobronchial tubes from six different manufacturers were assessed, such as distances and diameters of tube shaft, cuff lengths and diameters as well the angle at the tip.
Results: Endobronchial tubes of ostensibly the same size revealed wide variation in measured parameters between brands from different manufacturers. In some parameters, there was an overlap between different sizes from the same manufacturer, i.e. diameters and distances did not increase with increasing nominal endobronchial tube size. The information about dimensions of endobronchial tubes provided by manufacturers’ leaflets is insufficient.
Conclusions: Endobronchial tube size selection is complicated because clinically relevant parameters are unknown and vary considerably between different manufacturers.
Keywords: Airway management, double-lumen endobronchial tubes
Estimation of costs for monitoring urban water and wastewater networks
Authors: Cabral Marta , Loureiro Dália , Almeida Maria do Céu , Covas Dídia
Published: January 2019

In many water distribution systems, water losses are a major problem and an integrated management strategy is required for both the efficient use of water resources and the minimisation of non-revenue water. For foul sewer systems, the inflow of stormwater and infiltration of groundwater affects the management of both sewer systems and wastewater treatment plants. Monitoring of flows represents a critical task within approaches for control of either water losses in distribution systems and infiltration and rain-induced inflows in foul systems. Implementation of monitoring typically involves the following steps: (i) system information updating and digital mapping; (ii) system zoning; and (iii) system flow monitoring. Costs for monitoring are essential for utilities to estimate more accurately the costs of control of water losses, infiltration and inflow and to support more robust decision-making. Costs and infrastructure data were collected from 20 Portuguese water and wastewater utilities. Multiple linear regression analysis is used to obtain cost functions for meter chambers as a function of the volume and for purchase and installation of flow meters as a function of nominal diameter in water supply systems. For the steps of system information updating, digital mapping and system zoning single unit costs are estimated.
Insatisfacción con la imagen corporal y personalidad en estudiantes de bachillerato de la región Altos Sur de Jalisco, México
Authors: Caldera-Montes Juan Francisco , Reynoso-González Oscar Ulises , Nuño-Camarena Diana , Caldera-Zamora Ivan Alejandro , Pérez-Púlido Ignacio , Gómez-Álvarez Claudia Arcelia
Published: January 2019

El presente estudio se planteó como objetivos identificar el nivel predictivo que tienen las dimensiones de la personalidad sobre la imagen corporal (IC) y sus posibles relaciones, así como comparar dichas variables conforme al sexo de los participantes. La población de estudio fueron alumnos de tres carreras técnicas de una institución de educación pública del estado de Jalisco, México. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 567 alumnos. El instrumento para medir la imagen corporal fue el Cuestionario de Insatisfacción con la Imagen Corporal (Body Shape Questionnaire) y para evaluar la Personalidad, el Inventario de Personalidad NEO Revisado NEO FFI (versión reducida del NEO PI-R). En materia de resultados y mediante un análisis de regresión lineal múltiple se identificaron como variables predictoras de la imagen corporal —insafisfecha— la dimensión de la personalidad denominada neuroticismo y el sexo femenino; además, se encontraron relaciones significativas entre las dimensiones de la personalidad neuroticismo, extroversión, amabilidad y responsabilidad con la IC y diferencias significativas en esta última conforme al sexo. Se sugiere que en estudios posteriores se incluyan otras características que pudieran explicar en mayor medida la presencia de Insatisfacción de la Imagen Corporal en adolescentes y se confirme la influencia de las variables predictoras identificadas.
Service Use History of Individuals Enrolling in a Web-Based Suicidal Ideation Treatment Trial: Analysis of Baseline Data
Authors: Wong Quincy JJ , Werner-Seidler Aliza , Torok Michelle , van Spijker Bregje , Calear Alison L , Christensen Helen
Published: January 2019

Background

A significant recent innovation is the development of internet-based psychological treatments for suicidal thinking. However, we know very little about individuals experiencing suicidal ideation who seek help through Web-based services and, in particular, their previous health service use patterns.

Objective

We aimed to examine service use history and its correlates among adults experiencing suicidal ideation who enrolled in a Web-based suicidal ideation treatment trial.

Methods

We used baseline data of 418 individuals seeking Web-based treatment for their suicidal ideation recruited into a randomized controlled trial of a 6-week Web-based self-help program. Participants at preintervention reported demographic information, clinical characteristics, and health service use over the previous 6 months.

Results

Participants had a high rate of service use in the 6 months before enrolling in the treatment trial (404/418, 96.7% of participants had contact with services). The two most common contact points were general practitioners (385/418, 92.1% of participants) and mental health professionals (295/418, 70.6% of participants). Notably, those with a previous single suicide attempt had lower odds of contact with any service than those with no attempt (odds ratio [OR] 0.21, 95% CI 0.05-0.86; P=.03). Those living in rural or remote areas had lower odds of contacting general practitioners (OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.13-0.91; P=.03) or mental health professionals (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.23-0.83; P=.01) than those living in metropolitan areas.

Conclusions

Individuals enrolling in an electronic health intervention trial have often received treatment from general practitioners or mental health professionals. These services can therefore play an important role in preventing the escalation of suicidal thinking. Enrollment in our Web-based treatment trial suggested, though, that face-to-face health services may not be enough. Our study also highlighted the need to improve the provision of coordinated and assertive care after a suicide attempt, as well as health service availability and utilization for those living in rural and remote areas.

Trial Registration

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12613000410752; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=364016 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6vK5FvQXy); Universal Trial Number U1111-1141-6595
ÁGNES HELLER, LA FILÓSOFA DE LA ELECCIÓN EXISTENCIAL: UNA CONCRETA LIBERTAD UTÓPICA DE UNA PERSONALIDAD AUTÉNTICA
Authors: Assy Bethania
Published: January 2019

En este artículo me centro en la noción de elección existencial de Ágnes Heller en la interfaz de combinar la determinación histórica y la búsqueda de validez universal. Heller acepta las premisas posmodernas de contingencia. Pero, al mismo tiempo, niega dos tipos de resultados: ya sea aceptar el estado presente de las cosas y convertir la necesidad en una virtud, o seguir lamentando la pérdida del pasado y el actual padecimiento cultural. Entonces, la cuestión central aquí es acercarse a la ética de la personalidad de Heller como si emanara de una combinación profunda de visión moral y valores básicos orientados unidos a una necesidad urgente de responder a las cambiantes exigencias de la vida cotidiana. En el caso de la elección existencial, considero las afirmaciones de Heller que la personalidad es el único valor fundamental. Como un valor único, cada persona debe tomar una decisión acerca de lo que asume bajo su propia responsabilidad.
Recuerdos, encantos y alegrías de los pasados días de la Escuela de Enfermería “Carlos Van Buren”
Authors: Bettancourt Ortega Lorena , De la Fuente Rudecindo
Published: January 2019

Siguiendo con la revisión de artículos históricos y, en el afán de contribuir a uno de los propósitos de esta revista que apunta a rescatar la herencia de la profesión enfermera, me encontré con este escrito que fue publicado en la otrora revista de la Escuela de Enfermeras Carlos Van Buren, con ocasión de la muerte del Dr. Rudecindo de la Fuente, acaecida el 28 de abril de 1967, como homenaje a quien fuera el primer director de la Escuela de Enfermeras.
Fatores direcionadores da cooperação de pequenas e médias empresas com a universidade: evidências a partir de quatro estudos de caso
Authors: Oliveira Vanessa Parreiras , Garcia Renato De Castro , Bacic Miguel Juan
Published: January 2019

Este artigo traz novos elementos para a temática da cooperação entre universidades e institutos de pesquisa e empresas por meio da investigação dos fatores direcionadores (drivers) dos relacionamentos cooperativos de pequenas e médias empresas. Para isso, explora os resultados de quatro estudos de caso de relacionamentos cooperativos de pequenas empresas com universidadese institutos de pesquisa no Brasil, os quais mostram que a capacidade de absorção da empresa, a existência de vínculos prévios e as proximidades geográfica e cognitiva entre os agentes são importantes fatores direcionadores do estabelecimento e do desenvolvimento das relações de colaboração.Ademais, evidenciam que a elevada capacidade de absorção da empresa e a proximidade cognitiva entre os agentes podem estimular o estabelecimento de relações de cooperação a maiores distâncias geográficas. Os resultados mostram, ainda, a importância do acesso ao financiamento público para a cooperação, especialmente quando compreendem maior complexidade e risco.
The role of Absorptive Capacity in the success of University-Firm Interaction in Brazil
Authors: Teixeira André Luiz da Silva , Rapini Márcia Siqueira
Published: January 2019

O presente artigo analisa a capacidade de absorção (CA) das empresas como o principal determinante do sucesso destas na interação com universidades (IUE). Utilizando a CA como uma variável latente crescente aos tipos de sucesso em um modelo probit ordenado, os principais determinantes do sucesso da IUE estão associados com a CA potencial e uma maior aproximação entre as bases de conhecimento das empresas e universidades (e.g. relevância da ciência aplicada, o uso de publicações e relatórios, esforços internos em P&D). Essa aproximação eleva a comunicação e o aprendizado, favorecendo o sucesso na IUE na perspectiva da empresa.
Arranjo institucional e sistema de inovação: interação UFSC e Petrobras
Authors: Azevedo Paola , Cário Sílvio A. F.
Published: January 2019

A interação universidade e empresa (U-E) caracteriza-se como arranjo interinstitucional importante no Sistema Nacional de Inovação (SNI), visto que possibilitam a geração de processos inovativos. Assim, objetiva-se neste trabalho avaliar os esforços de capacitação tecnológica decorrentes da interação da empresa Petróleo Brasileiro S.A (Petrobras) com a Universidade Federalde Santa Catarina (UFSC). Para tanto, realizou-se um estudo teórico-empírico, descritivo, bibliográfico e estudo de caso, cuja abordagem adotada foi a qualitativa. Foram realizadas entrevistas com os coordenadores de pesquisa dos laboratórios da universidade, além de consulta aos projetos em parcerias e sites institucionais. Evidenciou-se que a parceria da UFSC e Petrobras é marcadapor uma trajetória histórica no que concerne ao desenvolvimento tecnológico, e que propiciou às parcerias o reconhecimento em nível internacional por estas tecnologias de fronteira, como as apresentadas neste estudo, a rocha digital e a avaliação do carregamento em dutos a partir das tensões residuais.