bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of home-based online classes on residential buildings’ use of space during the COVID-19 pandemic school closures in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Mohammed Mohammed Alhaji
Published: April 2022

Purpose

The recent COVID-19 pandemic compelled people to spend most of their time at home to avoid spreading the virus, signifying staying away from offices, schools and marketplaces and where many people congregate. This situation put enormous pressure on residential buildings, which functioned as alternative spaces to schools and offices. This paper aims to investigate the impacts of home-based online classes because of the COVID-19 outbreak on residential buildings in Saudi Arabia.

Design/methodology/approach

This study collected population-representative survey data from 324 eligible respondents using an online questionnaire and conducts descriptive and Spearman's correlation analysis using the SPSS 28.0 program.

Findings

This study found that the use of space during COVID-19, home-based learning space comfort and home-based online learning perception affected home-based online space requirements during the school lockdowns. Higher school levels, learning space comfort levels, types of education and number of school-aged children in a house were correlated with various types of discomfort experienced during home-based online learning. Lastly, the parents' preference for their children to continue online studies was correlated with the adverse effects of online learning and the possible advantages of online learning.

Originality/value

Lack of studies about the impact of home-based online classes on residential space requirement and use resulted in insufficient investigation and documentation of the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on home-based learning environments. This research contributes to the literature on the factors affecting spatial requirement during emergencies and how significant this relationship is.
Happiness at work, organization citizenship behaviour and workplace diversity: a study on Indian private sector bank employees
Authors: Singh Animesh , Banerji Rashi
Published: April 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between employee happiness at work and organizational citizenship behaviour in Indian private sector banks. In this study, happiness at work is represented by three constructs: job satisfaction, affective commitment and work engagement. The study also investigates whether employees’ perception of diversity management practices mediates the relationship between happiness at work and organizational citizenship behaviour.

Design/methodology/approach

A total of 498 responses from employees of three major private sector banks in the Delhi-NCR region were analysed to investigate relationships between dependent, independent and mediating variables by using structural equation modelling.

Findings

Happiness at work has a significant positive impact on organizational citizenship behaviour, and employees’ perception of diversity management plays a strong mediating role between the relationship of happiness at work and organizational citizenship behaviour.

Practical implications

Happiness at work and perception of diversity management have a significant influence on organizational citizenship behaviour of banking employees. Private sector banks in India need to make strategies for workplace happiness and diversity management so that the employees work as citizens of the bank and willingly take responsibility for extra-role behaviour along with their assigned roles.

Originality/value

The findings of this paper reveal that although employees may experience happiness at work represented by job satisfaction, affective commitment and work engagement, their happiness is less likely to be reflected in their organizational citizenship behaviour until they have a positive perception of the workforce diversity management practices. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is unique in terms of its emphasis on the mediating role of diversity management on employees’ happiness and organizational citizenship behaviour in Indian private sector banks.
Food security in South Asia under climate change and economic policies
Authors: Yan Sun , Alvi Shahzad
Published: April 2022

Purpose

The first purpose of this study is to examine the impacts of climate-caused cereal productivity changes on food security, welfare and GDP in South Asian countries. The second purpose is to assess the agricultural subsidies and South Asia Free Trade Agreement (SAFTA) as policy responses to climate change.

Design/methodology/approach

The present study uses the computable general equilibrium (CGE) framework and econometric approach in an integrated manner to examine the economic impacts of climate-caused cereal productivity changes in South Asian countries. An econometric model is used to identify the impact of climate change on cereal yields and CGE approach is used to assess the future effect of climate change through simulations. In this course, the econometric findings are applied to Multiregional Global Trade Analysis Project 10 and then the model is calibrated for future projection.

Findings

The results indicate that there is a decrease in cereals production because of climate change and eventually it increases the prices of cereals, decreases the local consumption and GDP and, as a result, causes a loss in welfare. Subsidies and SAFTA have been found to have no substantial impact on increasing food security in South Asia.

Originality/value

The present study uses the concept of food demand for all cereals in an integrated way and focuses on the fiscal and trade policy responses to climate change.
Mobile money for financial inclusion and saving practices: empirical evidence from Ghana
Authors: Takyi Paul Owusu , Sorkpor Constance , Asante Grace Nkansa
Published: April 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of mobile money on savings and saving practices among individuals in Ghana.

Design/methodology/approach

Employing an instrumental variable (IV) estimation technique, comprehensive data from the Financial Inclusion Insight (FII) Survey is used, implemented by InterMedia company and conducted from December 2014 to January 2015 in Ghana.

Findings

It is found that mobile money use generally increases savings and saving behavior among individuals in Ghana. In particular, our results show that mobile money use increases the probability of individuals saving for business startup or business expansion, child's education and emergencies. Also, for the heterogeneous effects of mobile money use on saving practices, strong evidence that the use of mobile money is more pronounced in rural areas than in urban centers is found.

Originality/value

To the best of our knowledge, no empirical study has been done on Ghana to extensively examine how mobile money affects various saving practices in Ghana as it is done in this paper. The paper highlights the need for ongoing enhancement of financial inclusion in rural areas by the government of Ghana and other stakeholders to boost savings among rural folks, while not neglecting that in urban areas. Generally, the findings for this paper support the use of mobile money as a tool for enhancing the financial inclusion agenda by policymakers in Ghana and many other countries around the world.
The interaction of clothing design factors: how to attract consumers' visual attention and enhance emotional experience
Authors: Mo Xiaohong , Yang Xian , Hu Bin
Published: April 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to study consumers’ visual attention and emotional experience with clothing design factors and their combinations from the perspective of cognition and emotion and propose an interaction phenomenon to evaluate the combined effect of clothing factors to better guide online clothing design and sales.

Design/methodology/approach

An eye movement physiology experiment was conducted, 33 participants screened by questionnaires were invited for this experiment. Hypotheses of visual attention were verified by the FIRST_FIXATION_TIME indicator, DWELL_TIME indicator and FIXATION_COUNT indicator. Hypotheses of emotional experience were verified by the PUPIL_SIZE indicator.

Findings

First, on the product list page, it is better to use only the three factors of clothing and a small number of stimulating factors. Second, when the stimulus is consistent with the cognitive task performed by the consumer, the efficiency of the task and the consumer's user experience will be improved. Third, the positive interaction phenomenon of clothing design factors and their combinations could significantly attract consumers' visual attention and improve their emotional experience.

Research limitations/implications

This work argues consumer interest and emotional experience with online clothing can be expressed through eye movement physiological indicators, and the concept of interaction was proposed to evaluate the design and display of online clothing.

Originality/value

This paper conducted interaction research on online clothing design factors and their combinations from the perspective of cognition and emotion, which provided an objective quantitative method for online clothing designers and online clothing retailers.
Analysing the impact of organisation’s dual mission on the development of social projects and innovation
Authors: Valle-Mestre Ledian , Jiménez-Jiménez Daniel , Manzanares-Martínez Domingo
Published: April 2022

Purpose

How does organisational mission affect the development of social entrepreneurship and social innovation? Based on the theoretical perspective of social innovation, the aim of this paper is to empirically analyse the impact of the organisation’s dual mission (social and economic) on social entrepreneurship and social innovation, as well as to discover the effect of the latter on the performance of organisations.

Design/methodology/approach

Using data from 213 social economy firms, the authors conduct an empirical test of hypotheses using structural equation modelling.

Findings

The empirical study shows that an organisation’s dual mission (social and economic) has a positive effect on social entrepreneurship. However, the results suggest that the creation of social innovations is based more on social dimensions than on the economic interest of companies. The results also confirm that companies willing to embark on social projects can develop new products or services that address social needs.

Originality/value

The findings not only supply empirical evidence that helps clarify the effects of economic and social missions on organisational performance but they also offer guidance to companies on the role of social innovation in strengthening organisations.
Hacking attractiveness biases in hiring? The role of beautifying photo-filters
Authors: Kunst Jonas R. , Kirkøen Jannicke , Mohamdain Onab
Published: April 2022

Purpose

Physically less attractive job applicants are discriminated against in hiring decisions. In a US context, the authors tested whether appearance-altering photo-filters can exploit this bias, focusing on the moderating role of job type, gender and race as well the mediating role of two major dimensions of person perception (warmth and competence).

Design/methodology/approach

In study 1, 223 managers evaluated White mock applicants presented with or without a beautifying filter for either a position as a social worker or an IT specialist. In study 2, 212 managers evaluated Black and White mock applicants with or without beautifying filters for an HR specialist position.

Findings

In study 1, beautifying filters increased perceived hireability irrespective of job type, but especially when applicants were female. Both male and female applicants whose photos were filtered were perceived as more competent, but only male applicants were perceived as warmer. In study 2, beautifying filters increased the hireability only slightly for White female applicants, followed by White and Black male applicants but substantially for Black female applicants. The filters increased the perceived competence of Black (and especially Black female) applicants but not of White applicants and increased the perceived warmth of all groups except for White females. Warmth and competence partially mediated the observed effects on hireability in both studies.

Originality/value

In the context of widely available technological advances, the authors show that beautifying photo-filters can exploit attractiveness biases, at least at an early hiring stage. The results emphasize the importance of intersecting factors such as gender and race.
Humanoid intelligent robot (HIR) situation: research on the formation and influence of social value level substitution cha-xu pattern
Authors: Tang Xiaofei , Zeng Pan , Sun Bing , Chang En-Chung , Mei Fagui
Published: April 2022

Purpose

A humanoid intelligent robot (HIR) possessing a human-like appearance can undertake human jobs, interact, communicate and even transmit emotions to human beings. Such robots have gradually been integrated into people's daily life and production scenarios. However, it is unclear whether and by what mechanism HIRs can stimulate people’s risk perception and its impact on consumption attitudes. Based on the risk decision theory, this study aims to take the social value substitution attribute of a HIR as the incentive and analyzes the influence of social value substitution and risk perception on the customers’ consumption attitudes.

Design/methodology/approach

Three experiments were conducted to investigate the related questions about the social value substitution attribute of a HIR, its impact on risk perception and the customers’ consumption attitudes.

Findings

The results reveal that physical labor, intellectual labor, friendship, kinship and the ego constitute the hierarchical elements of social value substitution. Among them, physical labor and intellectual labor pertain to the dimension of social function value substitution, while friendship, kinship and ego pertain to the dimension of social presence value substitution; social function value substitution and social presence value substitution affect the subjects’ risk perception positively, but the latter arouses a stronger risk perception; the 2 (risk perception of social function value: security/danger) × 2 (risk perception of social presence value: security/danger) condition corresponds to diverse consumption attitudes.

Originality/value

The results enrich the theories of the “cha-xu pattern” and “uncanny valley” and provide reference for the healthy development of the HIR industry.
Genetic covariance in immune measures and pathogen resistance in decorated crickets is sex and pathogen specific
Authors: Letendre Corinne , Duffield Kristin R. , Sadd Ben M. , Sakaluk Scott K. , House Clarissa M. , Hunt John
Published: April 2022

Insects are important models for studying immunity in an ecological and evolutionary context. Yet, most empirical work on the insect immune system has come from phenotypic studies meaning we have a limited understanding of the genetic architecture of immune function in the sexes.

We use nine highly inbred lines to thoroughly examine the genetic relationships between a suite of commonly used immune assays (haemocyte count, implant encapsulation, total phenoloxidase activity, antibacterial zone of inhibition and pathogen clearance) and resistance to infection by three generalist insect pathogens (the gram‐negative bacteriumSerratia marcescens, the gram‐positive bacteriumBacillus cereusand the fungusMetarhizium robertsii) in male and femaleGryllodes sigillatus.

There were consistent positive genetic correlations between haemocyte count, antibacterial and phenoloxidase activity and resistance toS. marcescensin both sexes, but these relationships were less consistent for resistance toB. cereusandM. robertsii. In addition, the clearance ofS. marcescenswas genetically correlated with the resistance to all three pathogens in both sexes. Genetic correlations between resistances to the different pathogen species were inconsistent, indicating that resistance to one pathogen does not necessarily mean resistance to another. Finally, while there is ample genetic (co)variance in immune assays and pathogen resistance, these genetic estimates differed across the sexes and many of these measures were not genetically correlated across the sexes, suggesting that these measures could evolve independently in the sexes.

Our finding that the genetic architecture of immune function is sex and pathogen specific suggests that the evolution of immune function in male and femaleG. sigillatusis likely to be complex. Similar quantitative genetic studies that measure a large number of assays and resistance to multiple pathogens in both sexes are needed to ascertain if this complexity extends to other species.
George Gabb and ‘Le Cabinet de M. Le Clerc’: Art, Science, and the Visual Production of Knowledge
Authors: Barrett Katy
Published: April 2022

In 1948, the Science Museum, London, acquired a drawing by French artist Sébastien Le Clerc entitled The Physical Laboratory of the Académie des Sciences, bequeathed by the chemist and collector George Hugh Gabb. Separated from two other drawings by Le Clerc of the same composition, the drawing has been interpreted as a view of the French Académie des Sciences after its move to the Louvre in 1699. This essay considers the provenance and reception history of the drawing, paying attention to its research and interpretation by Gabb. His comparison of the related unfinished print to Le Clerc's most famous image, L'Académie des Sciences et des Beaux‐Arts, reveals similar employment of instruments and imagery by Le Clerc, showing both the artist and the Académie producing scientific knowledge through art. Gabb's drawing gives one rich example of how we can understand the entwined histories of art and science over time.
Models and muddles: comment on ‘Calibration of agricultural risk programming models using positive mathematical programming’
Authors: Petsakos Athanasios , Rozakis Stelios
Published: April 2022

There is an emerging strand in the agricultural economics literature which examines the calibration of risk programming models using the principles of Positive Mathematical Programming (PMP). In a recent contribution to this journal, Liu et al. (2020) compare three different PMP approaches and attempt to find the ‘most practical’ method for calibrating risk programming models to be used in policy analysis. In this article, we argue that the comparison design by Liu et al. (2020) is problematic, as it is based on inappropriate metrics and it ignores recent advancements in PMP. This word of caution intends to provide constructive criticism and aims at contributing to the use of risk programming models in policy analysis.
Relationship between disease awareness and severity of kidney disease in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease patients
Authors: Dogan Ege , Eren Necmi , Ozcan Seyda Gul , Altunoren Orcun , Gungor Ozkan , Dheir Hamad , Tanrisev Mehmet , Kocyigit Hafsa , Yıldız Abdülmecit , Kocyigit İsmail , Seyahi Nurhan , Tatar Erhan
Published: April 2022

Introduction

Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is responsible for 5%–10% of end‐stage renal disease. We examined the relationship between renal and extrarenal findings, disease severity, and the level of consciousness of PKD patients.

Methods

Patients were asked to answer the questionnaire about PKD. Disease severity was determined according to estimated glomerular filtration rate, and disease awareness was assessed by adapting the Disease Perception Scale to PKD. Awareness of patients was evaluated comparatively with chronic kidney disease stage, age, region, and symptoms.

Results

One out of five patients does not know that this disease is inherited. Mean awareness scores of the patients decreased significantly with increasing age. Awareness scores were significantly higher in patients with flank pain, hematuria, and urinary tract stones.

Conclusion

Although PKD is the most common hereditary kidney disease, the rate of patients' knowledge on this subject is low. Increased awareness might lead to better treatment in those patients.
Magnetic resonance imaging features of prostatic stromal tumour of uncertain malignant potential
Authors: Liu Yi , Wu Jingyun , Shen Qi , Li Derun , He Zhisong , Zhou Liqun , Xiao Jiangxi
Published: April 2022

Introduction

Prostatic stromal tumours of uncertain malignant potential (STUMPs) are rare prostate tumours. The purpose of this study was to investigate the magnetic resonance imaging features of STUMPs.

Methods

A total of 12 patients with STUMP confirmed with pathology who underwent MRI from 2012 to 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Pathological characteristics including histopathology and immunohistochemistry were also recorded.

Results

Among 12 STUMPs, the tumours were detected in the peripheral zone (41.7%[n = 5]) and transitional zone (58.3% [n = 7]) of the prostate. 8 cases (66.7%) were round shape. All lesions were well‐defined and compressed the adjacent structures but without signs of an invasion. Homogeneous T1WI and heterogeneous T2WI signals were observed in the STUMPs. The tumours were mainly composed of solid components, while intratumoral cystic change (58.3%[n = 7]) and haemorrhage (8.3%[n = 1]) were seen. 10 cases(83.3%) were seen as relatively high DWI signal, while 2 cases(16.7%) with no increase in DWI. The mean ADC value was 1.084 ± 0.193 (range: 0.864–1.489 × 10−3 mm2/s). STUMPs had heterogeneous enhancement, with persistent or gradual enhancement. In immunohistochemical staining, Vim, CD34, PR and SMA were positive in the majority of STUMPs.

Conclusion

MRI features of STUMP are presented as regular, well‐defined and isolated prostatic mass with intact pseudocapsule. The presence of heterogeneous T2WI signal, intratumoral cystic change, slightly low mean ADC value and persistent or gradual enhancement may help predict the STUMPs.
Selective Disclosure, Expertise Acquisition, and Price Informativeness*
Authors: Jorgensen Bjorn N. , Li Jing , Melumad Nahum D.
Published: April 2022

We examine how a firm's disclosure‐audience policy affects investors' expertise acquisition and price informativeness in the market. We distinguish the investors' information advantage due to superior access from that due to superior ability to process information. We show that targeted selective disclosure to sophisticated investors may encourage greater expertise acquisition on the part of investors and lead to more informative prices than either public disclosure or untargeted selective disclosure, because the value of expertise is maximized if sophisticated investors gain exclusive information access at a relatively low cost. These results illuminate the persistence of private communications between investors and firms in the post–Regulation Fair Disclosure era and provide implications for regulators in addressing increasing concerns raised about the enforcement of Regulation Fair Disclosure.
Improving inferences and predictions of species environmental responses with occupancy data
Authors: Morán‐López Teresa , Ruiz‐Suarez Sofía , Aldabe Joaquín , Morales Juan Manuel
Published: April 2022

Occupancy models represent a useful tool to estimate species distribution throughout the landscape. Among them, MacKenzie et al.’s model (2002, MC), is frequently used to infer species environmental responses. However, the assumption that detection probability is homogeneous or fully explained by covariates may limit its performance. Species should be more easily observed at sites with a higher number of individuals. We simulated data following occupancy model (RN) that accounts for abundance‐driven heterogeneous detection and two variants with overdispersion in the detection probability and local abundances. Then, we compared the performance of the MC model against that of RN.

In addition to model misspecifications, insufficient information in data (i.e. infrequent detections) can limit our ability to detect existing effects with affordable sampling designs. To deal with this source of error, we extended RN approach to a community‐level joint species model (RN‐JSM), where species responses and detectability depended on their traits and phylogeny. Then, we tested RN‐JSM performance in simulated and out‐of‐sample field data.

High abundance‐driven heterogeneity in detection (i.e. common and secretive species) limited the ability of the MC model to quantify covariate effects; especially, when the number of visits was low. Both models (MC and RN), often failed to detect existing effects when data were overdispersed. Moreover, the RN model consistently lacked sufficient power when analysing data from uncommon species (even when simulations and model specifications perfectly matched). This problem was solved by our RN‐JSM, which yielded more precise and accurate estimates of species environmental responses. Increased accuracy in rare species held when the RN‐JSM was tested with real and out‐of‐sample datasets.

In the light of our results, we propose: (i) for common and secretive species analyse occupancy data with the RN model and prioritize revisiting sites; (ii) for species that may have overdispersed detectability or local abundances (e.g. with correlated behaviours or occurring in clusters), apply RN extensions that account for this extra‐variation (e.g. Poisson‐beta or zero‐inflated models). Finally, (iii) for uncommon species (mean abundances <1), whenever possible, gather data at the community level and apply joint species modelling techniques.
Impact of adolescent intermittent ethanol exposure in male and female rats on social drinking and neuropeptide gene expression
Authors: Towner Trevor T. , Papastrat Kimberly M. , Spear Linda P. , Varlinskaya Elena I. , Werner David F.
Published: April 2022

Background

Alcohol use during adolescence can alter maturational changes that occur in brain regions associated with social and emotional responding. Our previous studies have shown that adult male, but not female rats demonstrate social anxiety‐like alterations and enhanced sensitivity to ethanol‐induced social facilitation following adolescent intermittent ethanol exposure (AIE). These consequences of AIE may influence adult social drinking in a sex‐specific manner.

Methods

To test the effects of AIE on social drinking, male and female Sprague‐Dawley rats exposed to water or ethanol (0 or 4 g/kg, intragastrically, every other day, between postnatal day [P] 25 and 45) were tested as adults (P72‐83) in a social drinking paradigm (30‐minute access to a 10% ethanol solution in supersac or supersac alone in groups of three same‐sex littermates across two 4‐day cycles separated by 4 days off). Social behavior was assessed during the last drinking session, along with assessment of oxytocin (OXT), oxytocin receptor (OXTR), vasopressin (AVP), and vasopressin receptors 1a and 1b (AVPR1a, AVPR1b) in the hypothalamus and lateral septum.

Results

Males exposed to AIE consumed more ethanol than water‐exposed controls during the second drinking cycle, whereas AIE did not affect supersac intake in males. AIE‐exposed females consumed less ethanol and more supersac than water‐exposed controls. Water‐exposed females drinking ethanol showed more social investigation and significantly higher hypothalamic OXTR, AVP, and AVPR1b gene expression than their counterparts ingesting supersac and AIE females drinking ethanol. In males, hypothalamic AVPR1b gene expression was affected by drinking solution, with significantly higher expression evident in males drinking ethanol than those consuming supersac.

Conclusions

Collectively, these findings provide new evidence regarding sex‐specific effects of AIE on social drinking and suggest that the hypothalamic OXT and AVP systems are implicated in the effects of ingested ethanol on social behavior in a sex‐ and adolescent‐exposure‐dependent manner.
Shadow worlding: Chasing light in Yogyakarta
Authors: Luvaas Brent
Published: April 2022

In the era of social media and digital cameras, street photography, or the candid documentation of everyday life in public space, has seen a resurgence of interest worldwide. What draws people to the genre is its ability to transform the way they see and experience the spaces around them. Street photography, I argue here, is a mode of shadow worlding, a dynamic and collaborative place‐making practice in which the places being built are left deliberately inchoate and incomplete. Based on several weeks of participant observation among street photographers in two Indonesian cities, this article considers what happens when we begin to see and experience the way a street photographer does. I tell the story of several Indonesian street photographers, as well as describe my own experiences with street photography, to demonstrate the potential of the genre for reimagining and reworking our relationships with the cities we live in and the fieldsites we pass through.
Resveratrol reverses male reproductive damage in rats exposed to nicotine during the intrauterine phase and breastfeeding
Authors: Francisco Camila Monteiro , Fischer Leonardo Wensing , Vendramini Vanessa , de Oliva Samara Urban , Paccola Camila Cicconi , Miraglia Sandra Maria
Published: April 2022

Background

Nicotine leads to reproductive changes culminating in male infertility and subfertility. Resveratrol, a polyphenol, is a biological modulator. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) protein can positively act on male reproduction, and its expression can be affected by nicotine and modulated by resveratrol.

Objectives

The capability of resveratrol to reverse the reproductive damage in adult male offspring, which was nicotine‐exposed during the intrauterine phase and breastfeeding, was investigated.

Materials and methods

Four groups were established with male offspring born from nicotine‐exposed and non‐exposed rat dams during pregnancy and lactation. Forty‐eight male Wistar rats were distributed into four groups: sham control (SC), resveratrol (R), nicotine (N), and nicotine + resveratrol (NR). Rat dams of the N and NR offspring were exposed to nicotine (2 mg/kg/day) during pregnancy and lactation using a subcutaneously implanted minipump. The offspring of the R and NR groups received resveratrol (300 mg/kg of body weight, gavage) for 63 days from puberty. At 114 days of age, the male rats were euthanized.

Results

Nicotine did not alter the body weight, biometry of reproductive organs, or quantitative sperm parameters of adult offspring but caused an evident worsening of all sperm qualitative parameters studied. Daily treatment with resveratrol from puberty up to adulthood improved all qualitative sperm parameters significantly, leading some of them close to the control values. Resveratrol also improved the morphological integrity and expression of SIRT1 in the seminiferous epithelium of nicotine‐exposed offspring.

Conclusion and Discussion

Resveratrol reversed the male reproductive damage caused by nicotine. Nicotine crosses the blood‐placental membrane and is present in the breast milk of mothers who smoke. Resveratrol restored the altered reproductive parameters in the male adult offspring that were nicotine‐exposed during intrauterine life and breastfeeding. The epigenetic modulating action of resveratrol can be involved in this nicotine damage reversion. Resveratrol may be a promising candidate to be investigated regarding the adjuvant strategies in the treatment of male infertility.
An integrative approach to more nuanced estimates of personality–job–performance relations
Authors: Wihler Andreas , Blickle Gerhard , Ewen Christian , Genau Hanna , Fritze Sonja , Völkl Lena , Merkl Roxanne , Missfeld Tamara , Mützel Melanie
Published: April 2022

Recent research has suggested that self‐ and other‐ratings of personality may provide different information about personality, which can be captured in the trait–reputation–identity (TRI) model. Based on the TRI model, we investigate the link between personality and aligned job performance criteria on domain and aspect levels of the Big Five personality traits. In five samples (overall N = 571 triplets of target self‐ratings and two coworker other‐ratings), we investigated the relationships between the shared information on personality and shared information about job performance. We found that all personality domains showed substantial criterion validity in predicting the corresponding job‐performance dimensions. Furthermore, we found stronger estimates for aspects of agreeableness and openness. We discuss theoretical and practical implications for target replacement and performance management.
In a no‐win situation: The employment–health dilemma
Authors: Kößler Franziska J. , Wesche Jenny S. , Hoppe Annekatrin
Published: April 2022

Work and organizational psychology (WOP) research has to date mostly focused on people privileged to have the choice between several attractive job options and less on people who are restricted in their job choice (e.g., due to their qualification or personal contingencies) and have to choose from fewer and often less‐than‐optimal jobs. Often, the jobs available to the latter are characterized by precarious employment and hazardous working conditions which can put them in the difficult situation of having to choose between a health‐threatening job and possible unemployment. Building on interdisciplinary literature, we propose the employment–health dilemma (E‐H dilemma) as a framework for analyzing this intrapersonal conflict of having to choose between employment (incurring health threats) and health (incurring economic threats) and discuss potential antecedents and consequences of the E‐H dilemma at the societal, organizational, and individual level. We outline the implications of the E‐H dilemma and make a case for examining the full spectrum of job choice situations in WOP research. In doing so, we demonstrate what WOP can gain by embracing a more inclusive and multidisciplinary approach: uncovering processes in their entirety (e.g., job choice decisions of all people) and strengthening the role and legitimacy of WOP in society.
Letter: non‐invasive transabdominal stimulation device for the treatment of chronic constipation—proof‐of‐principle study in adults
Authors: Talley Nicholas J. , Holtmann Gerald J. , Southwell Bridget R. , Fisher David , Koloski Natasha A. , Jones Michael
Published: April 2022

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Sharma et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16369 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16910
Letter: non‐invasive transabdominal stimulation device for the treatment of chronic constipation—proof‐of‐principle study in adults. Authors’ reply
Authors: Sharma Amol , Rao Satish
Published: April 2022

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Sharma et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16369 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16877
Editorial: choosing the optimal screening method for latent TB in patients with IBD commencing anti‐TNF‐therapy—authors' reply
Authors: Kumar Peeyush , Vuyyuru Sudheer Kumar , Kedia Saurabh , Ahuja Vineet
Published: April 2022

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Kumar et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16839 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16878
Relationship of parathyroid hormone‐related protein and neonatal mineral metabolism in dairy cow placentas
Authors: Kazama Kei , Nishio Takuma , Nagane Masaki , Arai Sachiko , Onda Ken
Published: April 2022

Parathyroid hormone‐related protein (PTHrP) plays essential roles in placental calcium (Ca) transport, and it has been speculated that PTHrP in the placenta is regulated by calcium‐sensing receptors (CaSR). This study clarified the relationship between PTHrP in the placenta of dairy cows and minerals in the fetal blood. Blood samples were obtained from 21 Holstein cows and 17 neonatal calves as well as 12 umbilical veins and arteries during cesarean section. After fetus removal, 13 caruncles and cotyledons were obtained. Concentrations of plasma PTHrP and serum minerals were measured. Real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) analyzed the gene expression of PTHrP and CaSR in the placenta. As a result, serum Ca and inorganic phosphorus concentrations in the neonate, umbilical vein, and artery were significantly higher than in the mother. Additionally, plasma PTHrP was detected in the bovine neonatal jugular vein, umbilical artery, and vein. PTHrP gene expression was significantly higher in the caruncles than in cotyledons; however, CaSR gene expression was higher in the cotyledons than in caruncles. These findings suggest that the PTHrP obtained from the placenta influences Ca homeostasis in the bovine fetus.
Ribavirin inhibits cell proliferation and metastasis and prolongs survival in soft tissue sarcomas by downregulating both protein arginine methyltransferases 1 and 5
Authors: Zhang Qingqing , Yang Ruiying , Tian Yizhen , Ge Suyin , Nan Xiaojuan , Zhu Shihao , Dong Shuhong , Zhang Baolai
Published: April 2022

Protein arginine methyltransferases 1 and 5 (PRMT1 and PRMT5) are frequently overexpressed in diverse types of cancers and correlate with poor prognosis, thus making these enzymes potential therapeutic targets. The aim of this study was to assess and elucidate the anti‐tumour effect and epigenetic regulatory mechanism of ribavirin in soft tissue sarcomas (STS). We showed that ribavirin inhibited growth and metastasis and prolonged survival in animals bearing STS cells by downregulating the mRNA and protein levels of PRMT1/PRMT5 and attenuating the accumulation of asymmetric and symmetric di‐methylation of arginine (ADMA and SDMA). Furthermore, ribavirin lowered the permeability of the peritoneum in KM mice bearing S180 ascites via decreasing the level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Ribavirin was a potent inhibitor of cell proliferation and metastasis in STS cells through downregulation of both type I PRMT1 and type II PRMT5. Ribavirin could be used to enhance the efficacy of doxorubicin in STS allograft tumour models.
METTL3‐m6A methylase regulates the osteogenic potential of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in osteoporotic rats via the Wnt signalling pathway
Authors: Wu Tianli , Tang Hui , Yang Jianghua , Yao Zhihao , Bai Long , Xie Yuping , Li Qing , Xiao Jingang
Published: April 2022

Objectives

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) hold a high osteogenic differentiation potential, but the mechanisms that control the osteogenic ability of BMSCs from osteoporosis (OP‐BMSCs) need further research. The purpose of this experiment is to discuss the osteogenic effect of Mettl3 on OP‐BMSCs and explore new therapeutic target that can enhance the bone formation ability of OP‐BMSCs.

Materials and Methods

The bilateral ovariectomy (OVX) method was used to establish the SD rat OP model. Dot blots were used to reveal the different methylation levels of BMSCs and OP‐BMSCs. Lentiviral‐mediated overexpression of Mettl3 was applied in OP‐BMSCs. QPCR and WB detected the molecular changes of osteogenic‐related factors and Wnt signalling pathway in vitro experiment. The staining of calcium nodules and alkaline phosphatase detected the osteogenic ability of OP‐BMSCs. Micro‐CT and histological examination evaluated the osteogenesis of Mettl3 in OP rats in vivo.

Results

The OP rat model was successfully established by OVX. Methylation levels and osteogenic potential of OP‐BMSCs were decreased in OP‐BMSCs. In vitro experiment, overexpression of Mettl3 could upregulate the osteogenic‐related factors and activate the Wnt signalling pathway in OP‐BMSCs. However, osteogenesis of OP‐BMSCs was weakened by treatment with the canonical Wnt inhibitor Dickkopf‐1. Micro‐CT showed that the Mettl3(+) group had an increased amount of new bone formation at 8 weeks. Moreover, the results of histological staining were the same as the micro‐CT results.

Conclusions

Taken together, the methylation levels and osteogenic potential of OP‐BMSCs were decreased in OP‐BMSCs. In vitro and in vivo studies, overexpression of Mettl3 could partially rescue the decreased bone formation ability of OP‐BMSCs by the canonical Wnt signalling pathway. Therefore, Mettl3 may be a key targeted gene for bone generation and therapy of bone defects in OP patients.
A literature review of liver function test elevations in rifampin drug–drug interaction studies
Authors: Ibrahim Sherry M. , Pithavala Yazdi K. , Vourvahis Manoli , Chen Joseph
Published: April 2022

Although rifampin drug–drug interaction (DDI) studies are routinely conducted, there have been instances of liver function test (LFT) elevations, warranting further evaluation. A literature review was conducted to identify studies in which combination with rifampin resulted in hepatic events and evaluate any similarities. Over 600 abstracts and manuscripts describing rifampin DDI studies were first evaluated, of which 30 clinical studies reported LFT elevations. Out of these, 11 studies included ritonavir in combination with other drug(s) in the rifampin DDI study. The number of subjects that were discontinued from treatment on these studies ranged from 0 to 71 (0–100% of subjects in each study). The number of subjects hospitalized for adverse events in these studies ranged from 0 to 41 (0–83.67% of subjects in each study). LFT elevations in greater than 50% of subjects were noted during the concomitant administration of rifampin with ritonavir‐boosted protease inhibitors and with lorlatinib; with labeled contraindication due to observed hepatotoxicity related safety findings only for saquinavir/ritonavir and lorlatinib. In the lorlatinib and ritonavir DDI studies, considerable LFT elevations were observed rapidly, typically within 24–72 h following co‐administration. A possible sequence effect has been speculated, where rifampin induction prior to administration of the combination may be associated with increased severity of the LFT elevations. The potential role of rifampin in the metabolic activation of certain drugs into metabolites with hepatic effects needs to be taken into consideration when conducting rifampin DDI studies, particularly those for which the metabolic profiles are not fully elucidated.
A review of literature on history education: An analysis of the conceptual, intellectual and social structure of a knowledge domain (2000–2019)
Authors: Gómez‐Carrasco Cosme J. , Rodríguez‐Medina Jairo , López‐Facal Ramón , Monteagudo‐Fernández José
Published: April 2022

In recent decades, Historical Thinking and Historical Consciousness have been two fundamental axes of research in history education. The first approach combines the use of historical sources and the work of the historian. The second includes the social function of history, identity, memory and civic and moral education. These two approaches attempt to provide students with the necessary intellectual tools for analysing the past and relating it to an understanding of problems in the present time. This article reviews the development and shaping of the knowledge domain of history education between 2000 and 2019 in the WoS (Web of Science). To this end, several techniques and tools were used, including R‐package Bibliometrix and VOSviewer. Our analysis identifies five clusters of topics underpinning history education as a specific field of knowledge. This review highlights the fact that research topics associated with Historical Thinking and Historical Consciousness have gradually acquired a more central role to the detriment of History Textbooks or topics generally related to History. Finally, we describe how the term History Educationfunctions as a marker for this knowledge domain.
Life‐cycle greenhouse gas emissions in power generation using palm kernel shell
Authors: Sato Issei , Aikawa Takanobu , Goh Chun Sheng , Kayo Chihiro
Published: April 2022

Palm kernel shell (PKS) utilization for power generation has greatly increased in Japan since the introduction of the feed‐in tariff (FIT) in 2012. However, the FIT fails to consider the entire palm industry while evaluating the environmental impacts of using PKS. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the life‐cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of power generation using PKS. We targeted two PKS‐firing power plants as these are the first two instances of the use of PKS in power plants in Japan. A system boundary was established to cover palm plantation management in Indonesia and Malaysia, as both power plants import PKS from these countries. The GHG emissions were derived from land‐use change, palm plantation, oil extraction, PKS transportation, and power plants. Six scenarios were examined for the emissions based on the type of land‐use change and the existence of biogas capture in oil extraction. CO2 emissions from PKS combustion were also calculated by assuming that carbon neutrality was lost because of cultivation abandonment. The GHG emissions in one scenario, where the plantations were replanted and continuously managed and no biogas capture implemented in oil extraction, exhibited an average of 0.134 kg‐CO2eq/kWh reduction in a plant in Kyushu District, and 0.043 kg‐CO2eq/kWh reduction in a plant in Shikoku District for liquid natural gas‐fired steam power generation, respectively. More than 65% of life‐cycle GHG emissions originate from biogas generated during oil extraction; thus, biogas capture is an effective strategy to reduce current emissions. In contrast, in the case of accompanying land‐use change or collapse of carbon neutrality, the emissions considerably exceeded those of fossil fuels. These findings indicated that the FIT fails to consider the risk of increased emissions or further substantial emission reductions. Therefore, the feasibility of FIT application to PKS needs to be re‐established by evaluating the entire PKS life cycle.