bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Establishment and Evaluation of a Rat Model of Medial Malleolar Fracture with Vascular Injury
Authors: Sun Jinglai , Li Qifeng , Wang Shuo , Wang Guangpu , Zhao Jing , Li Huanming , Liu Chong , Shi Yifan , Li Zhigang , Yu Hui
Published: September 2022

Objective

A stable animal model was needed to study bone non‐union caused by insufficient blood supply, the main object of this paper is to develop a medial malleolar fracture model with controllable arterial vascular injuries in rats for revealing the biochemical mechanism of non‐union by insufficient blood supply.

Methods

A total of 18 rats were randomly divided into three equal groups: the Sham group, the Fracture group, and the Fracture + Vascular group. The animals were subjected to unilateral medial malleolar bone fracture and vascular injury using customized molding equipment. The fracture site was scanned by micro‐CT, and vascular injury was evaluated by laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) 24 h after modeling. Histological examination (HE), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were conducted on the medial malleolar fracture tissues of three rats randomly selected from each group 24 h after modeling. Subsequently, to further confirm the success of fracture modeling, the fracture sites of three other rats in each group underwent micro‐CT scanning again 6 weeks after surgery.

Results

The results of a 24 h micro‐CT showed that all rats used to create the fracture models showed controlled injury of the medial malleolus. The model was stable, and the satisfaction of the homemade equipment agreed with the expectation. LDF showed that the blood flow of rats in the Fracture + Vascular group decreased significantly 24 h after fracture injury, while collateral blood flow perfusion increased by 50% on average. The results of HE, ALP and TRAP staining in the medial malleolus showed that the number of osteoblasts (OBs) and osteoclasts (OCs) in the Fracture group increased significantly, but the number of OBs and OCs in the Fracture + Vascular group decreased sharply relative to the number in the Sham group 24 h later. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence results showed that the number of neovessels in the Fracture group was significantly increased, while the number of neovessels in the Fracture + Vascular group was significantly decreased, which was consistent with the above results. After 6 weeks of modeling, the micro‐CT results showed that the fractures in the Fracture group had healed substantially, while those in the Fracture + Vascular group had not.

Conclusion

This study provided a reproducible and stable experimental animal model for medial malleolar fractures with arterial injury.
Application of a Reflectance Confocal Microscopy Imaging Analysis Score for the Evaluation of Non‐Melanogenic Changes in Male Photoaged Skin
Authors: Infante Victor Hugo , Maia Campos Patricia
Published: September 2022

The photoaging process is characterized by skin changes due to ultraviolet radiation exposure and is the principal environmental factor affecting skin aging. Reflectance confocal microscopy permits noninvasive skin imaging to understand how the photoaging process may change skin. Since men do not habitually use sunscreen, the application of skin imaging techniques is important to understand the influence of sunlight on their skin health. The aim of this study was to develop a score based on RCM imaging analyses to evaluate the morphological and structural changes in the photoaged skin according to literature data. The score was applied in order to determine possible correlations between chronological aging and sunscreen use behavior among men. Thus, 40 men aged 18 to 50 years were recruited, images from the frontal region of their skin were obtained and the score was applied. It was observed that habits are more important than age for the skin photoaging process. Men with photoprotection habits showed overall better skin morphological and structural characteristics regardless of age, demonstrating that sun protection behavior is a major key factor in the understanding of photoaging, so that men should be encouraged to start the use of cosmetic products and perform self‐care.
Open innovation during the COVID‐19 pandemic policy responses in South Africa and Kenya
Authors: Onyango Gedion , Ondiek Japheth Otieno
Published: September 2022

Most governments upscaled technological adaptations and integration into public service delivery during the COVID‐19 pandemic policy responses globally. This article analyzes the context of open innovation (OI) applications and initiatives that characterized public innovation trends and impacted government agencies' responses to contain different consequences of the COVID‐19 pandemic in four critical areas: economic recovery strategies, logistics and supply chain, digital health‐care partnerships, and collaborations. We show how policy responses increased the uptake and upscaling of OI strategies in Kenya and South Africa. In both countries, government agencies, among other things, upgraded innovative or created online integrated portals for instant data sharing and used knowledge management platforms to monitor the COVID‐19 pandemic prevalence in transportation systems and the delivery of vaccines. These enabled effective policy communication and tracing of COVID‐19 patients, organizing the population for the vaccination drive, and generating timely data for further action in the four mentioned sectors.

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Evaluating internal and external knowledge sources in firm innovation and productivity: an industry perspective
Authors: Audretsch David Bruce , Belitski Maksim
Published: September 2022

Both internal knowledge – investment in internal R&D and information and communication technologies (ICT) as well as external knowledge – knowledge spillovers and active collaboration with partners are rapidly fostering firm productivity and innovation. In this study, we investigate the role of internal and external knowledge in firm productivity and innovation. In addition, we test interactions between investment in R&D and ICT as well as between knowledge spillovers and knowledge collaboration in their association to firm innovation and productivity. We use a recombinant innovation approach and four samples for firms in manufacturing, creative, ICT and science, and professional services industries during 2002–2014 and for pre‐and post‐crisis periods to perform our analysis. In addition to innovation and productivity, we also examine the role of internal and external knowledge as a conduit to the development of innovation internally and the co‐creation of innovation with external partners. Our results lead to managerial and policy implications.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND THEOLOGY: LOOKING FOR A POSITIVE—BUT NOT UNCRITICAL—RECEPTION
Authors: Oviedo Lluís
Published: September 2022

Theology and other human sciences present concerns against artificial intelligence (AI) that are often limited to ethical issues, as they appear as the most pressing problems and challenges derived from these new technologies. However, by reviewing the published literature, the article shows that theologians have ventured into broader areas, with a specific focus on the anthropological consequences of current technological advances. New developments and achievements in AI invite further exploration from a theological perspective, and they offer some opportunities and useful applications for theologians. The article moves from the ethical territory toward the more neutral but highly engaging dialogue between science, technology, and religion, their interactions and mutual enrichment. Within this transdisciplinary area, new insights are gained about the role a more committed theology can play in issues like designing the best approaches between religious faith and intelligent systems to achieve a sustainable and equitable future.
La noción de revelación en la filosofía de Hannah Arendt. El puente entre la fenomenología y la hermenéutica
Authors: Sanabria Cucalón Maria Camila
Published: September 2022

En la filosofía arendtiana, el significado o el sentido de los fenómenos tiene un carácter de revelación. La pregunta que motiva esta investigación es cómo llegan los espectadores a este significado revelado. Para responderlo, divido el texto en tres momentos. En primer lugar, argumento que desde la perspectiva del pensamiento, la revelación es de carácter fenomenológico, por lo que la tarea del espectador sería la contemplación tras la puesta en cuestión de prejuicios. En segundo lugar, argumento que desde la perspectiva del juicio la revelación consistiría en un dokei moi (‘a mí me parece’), e implicaría un ejercicio hermenéutico por parte de los espectadores. En tercer y último lugar, concluyo que la revelación del signi cado conecta el método fenomenológico y el hermenéutico, al ser tanto percibida como interpretada por una comunidad de espectadores.
La experiencia del suicidio, entre el decir y lo dicho
Authors: Herrera Triana Juan Manuel
Published: September 2022

Este escrito intenta aproximarse a la experiencia del suicidio a partir de Emmanuel Lévinas y sus conceptos filosóficos de “el decir” y “lo dicho”, los cuales ayudarán a mostrar al otro, el suicida, como una víctima invisible. El suicida necesita no ser tratado como un ser excluido y que debe ser medido desde la objetividad. Él requiere de un soporte que lo ayude a vivir desde la reflexión filosófica. Por lo tanto, el suicida verá en la filosofía un lugar para el tratamiento del alma. Para lograr esta aproximación, este escrito se divide en tres partes que siguen a una breve introducción: en primer lugar se abordan las relaciones entre suicidio, subjetividad e intersubjetividad indicando la importancia de clasificar el suicidio en el decir y no en lo dicho, y poniendo de presente la lucha del suicida para ser escuchado en el mundo del decir, de modo que prevalezca el cuidado del otro en la subjetividad e intersubjetividad; enseguida, a través de la exposición de las nociones de huella, herida y experiencia de extranjero se aborda la relación y el encuentro entre el decir y lo dicho; y, finalmente, se propone que la filosofía, practicada como un abrazo “entre otros” es una vía para procurar la comprensión y el acercamiento con el Otro.
Leader-Based Consensus in Directed Networks of Homogeneous Positive Agents With Multiple Inputs
Authors: Bhattacharyya Sabyasachi , Patra Sourav
Published: September 2022

In this paper, the non-zero finite positive state consensus problem of leader-following multi-agent systems (MASs) connected over a directed network is investigated. The multi-agent network consists of homogeneous linear time-invariant (LTI) positive agents whose minimal positive state-space realization is assumed to be known. In this paper, a state-feedback hierarchical control protocol is proposed where the local controller synthesizes a singular, Lyapunov stable, and Metzler system matrix with a simple dominant eigenvalue at origin. The obtained consensus vector is the positive eigenvector associated with the zero eigenvalue of the synthesized system matrix. The controller gain matrices are obtained by solving a set of necessary and sufficient conditions derived in linear programing framework. A numerical example is given to elucidate the usefulness of the proposed results.
Transient Heat Conduction in a Planar Slab With Convection and Radiation Effects
Authors: Haseli Y. , Naterer G. F.
Published: September 2022

This article presents new semi-analytical solutions for transient heat conduction in a slab, which exchanges heat at the surface with its surroundings via convection, radiation, or simultaneous convection–radiation mechanisms. The concept of thermal penetration depth together with the integral method of heat balances form the basis of the formulation. Explicit expressions are derived that eliminate the need for numerical integration of the ordinary differential equations (ODEs) obtained from space integration of the heat equation. Verification of the temperature relations with a convection boundary condition is performed using an exact solution. In the case of radiation and combined convection–radiation boundary conditions, the accuracy of the explicit solutions is assessed against a numerical model. In all three cases, the new relations predict the surface temperature with high precision. For the radiation boundary condition, the computed midpoint temperature is also in excellent agreement with the numerical solution. In the case of convection heat exchange at the surface, the temperature at internal locations has close agreement with the exact solution for Biot numbers up to Bi = 1. The model prediction deviates from the exact solution in the interior positions for higher values of Bi with the highest deviation occurring at the center. For example, at Bi = 3, the highest relative error is 7.5%. Likewise, for the case of combined convection–radiation boundary conditions, the predicted midpoint temperature is found to closely follow the numerical solution at early stages of the process only. The predictability of the explicit solution of the convection-only boundary condition is more accurate than other approximate solutions at a Fourier number less than 0.2. Additional relations are presented for determination of the total heat transfer as a function of the Fourier and Biot numbers.
Pathogenic putrescine
Authors: Wong Wei
Published: September 2022

Urea metabolism in astrocytes that produce putrescine leads to memory impairment in Alzheimer’s disease.
Genetic Code Expansion and Bio-Orthogonal Labeling Reveal Intact HIV-1 Capsids inside the Nucleus
Authors: James Leo C.
Published: September 2022

Microscopy is one of the few techniques that can directly observe the HIV-1 capsid as it traverses the cell. However, an extrinsic or intrinsic label is needed to facilitate detection and this can perturb capsid behavior.
Complete Genome Sequence of
Rhodococcus
sp. Strain 9, Isolated from Contaminated Australian Groundwater
Authors: Naidu Varsha , Hyde Lachlan , Eijkelkamp Bart A. , Megharaj Mallavarapu , Subashchandrabose Suresh , Hassan Karl A.
Published: September 2022

Here, we report the 7.7-Mbp genome sequence of
Rhodococcus
sp. strain 9, which was isolated from Australian groundwater contaminated with phenols and trichloroethylene. This strain has previously been shown to efficiently degrade
p
-nitrophenol and high-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).
A Novel Approach To Identify Inhibitors of Iron Acquisition Systems of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Kannon Mamie , Nebane N. Miranda , Ruiz Pedro , McKellip Sara , Vinson Paige N. , Mitra Avishek
Published: September 2022

Since acquiring iron is paramount to
P. aeruginosa
’s survival and colonization in the human host, developing novel strategies to block the access of
P. aeruginosa
to host iron will allow us to starve it of an essential nutrient.
P. aeruginosa
uses siderophore, heme, or ferrous iron uptake systems to acquire iron in the human host. We have developed a novel approach through which we can directly identify molecules that can prevent
P. aeruginosa
from utilizing heme or ferrous iron.
Supplemental Material: Bhumichula plateau: A remnant high-elevation low-relief surface in the Himalayan thrust belt of western Nepal
Authors: Sherpa Tshering Z.L. , al. et
Published: September 2022

Figure S1: Inverse thermal models generated for samples upstream on the Bhumichula plateau at elevations >4000 m. Figure S2: Inverse thermal models generated for samples downstream of Bhumichula plateau and its flanks at elevations <4000 m. Figure S3: Zircon Date-eU plots. Figure S4: Apatite Date-eU plots. Figure S5: Radial plots for AFT samples generated using Radial Plotter (Vermeesch, 2009). Table S1: Repository data of raw apatite fission track data. Table S2: Zircon (U-Th)/He. Table S3: Apatite (U-Th)/He. Table S4: Summary of inverse thermal modeling strategy and results.
Supplemental Material: Buoyancy-driven exhumation deformation: Evidence from the Sulu orogen, eastern China
Authors: Yin Hao , Zhu Guang , al. et
Published: September 2022

Table S1: LA–ICP–MS zircon U–Pb data for the dated dike samples in the Sulu orogen.
Supplemental Material: Permian–Middle Triassic floral succession in North China and implications for the great transition of continental ecosystems
Authors: Shu Wenchao , Tong Jinnan , Yu Jianxin , al. et
Published: September 2022

Description of studied sections, biostratigraphy of Lopingian–Middle Triassic in North China, the results of statistical analysis, R scripts, and Supplementary Data Files: (1) Geological distributions of fossil plants, sporomorphs and fossil woods; (2) Detailed descriptions of floras in North China; (3) Plant genera distributions and number of genera in each stratigraphic unit; (4) Plant zones, subzones and assemblages from Cisuralian to Anisian in North China; (5) Invertebrate genera distributions and number of genera in each stratigraphic unit; (6) Insect genera distributions and number of genera in each stratigraphic unit; (7) Vertebrate genera distributions and number of genera in each stratigraphic unit; (8) Global floral changes from Lopingian to Middle Triassic; (9) Hygrophyte, mesophytes and xerophyte element distributions; (10) Hygrophte and Xerophyte ratios.
Determinants of depressive symptoms among postpartum mothers: a cross-sectional study in Ethiopia
Authors: Anato Anchamo , Baye Kaleab , Stoecker Barbara
Published: September 2022

Objective

This study aims to assess the determinants of depressive symptoms among postpartum mothers.

Design

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted.

Setting

Ten randomly selected rural kebeles of Meket district of Ethiopia.

Participants

A random sample of 232 mothers with infants 5–10 months was included in this study.

Data analysis

Forward multivariable logistic regression analysis.

Results

The factors significantly associated with increased odds of maternal postpartum depressive symptoms were: moderate (adjusted OR (AOR) 4.44, 95% CI 1.34 to 14.72) and severe (AOR 12.98, 95% CI 5.24 to 32.14) household food insecurity; infant underweight (AOR 2.99, 95% CI: 1.21 to 7.37) and infant acute respiratory infection (ARI) (AOR 7.0, 95% CI: 3.09 to 15.99). Maternal education, workload and age, household socioeconomic status, distance to the health facility, and child stunting, diarrhoea and fever were not significantly associated with postpartum depressive symptoms in adjusted logistic regression.

Conclusion

Household food insecurity, infant ARI and infant underweight had significant associations with postpartum depressive symptoms. Therefore, interventions that address infant nutrition and health and household food insecurity within the framework of the productive safety net programmes (PSNPs) as well as programmes focused on preventing, detecting and solving maternal mental health challenges may be helpful to improve maternal mental well-being and promote graduation from the PSNP.
Prevalence of rotator cuff tendon tears and symptoms in a Chingford general population cohort, and the resultant impact on UK health services: a cross-sectional observational study
Authors: Hinsley Hannah , Ganderton Charlotte , Arden Nigel K , Carr Andrew J
Published: September 2022

Objectives

To define the population prevalence of rotator cuff tears and test their association with pain and function loss; determine if severity symptom correlates with tear stage severity, and quantify the impact of symptomatic rotator cuff tears on primary healthcare services in a general population cohort of women.

Design

Cross-sectional observational study.

Participants

Individuals were part of the Chingford 1000 Women cohort, a 20-year-old longitudinal population study comprising 1003 women aged between 64 and 87, and representative of the population of the UK.

Main outcome measures

Rotator cuff pathology prevalence on ultrasound, shoulder symptoms using the Oxford Shoulder Score and resultant number of general practitioner (GP) consultations.

Results

The population prevalence of full-thickness tears was 22.2%, which increased with age (p=0.004) and whether it was the dominant arm (Relative Risk 1.64, OR 1.58, 95% CI 1.07 to 2.33, p=0.021).

Although 48.4% of full-thickness tears were asymptomatic, there was an association between rotator cuff tears and patient-reported symptoms. Individuals with at least one full-thickness tear were 1.97 times more likely than those with bilateral normal tendons (OR 3.53, 95% CI 2.00 to 5.61, p<0.001) to have symptoms. Severity of symptoms was not related to the severity of the pathology until tears are >2.5 cm (p=0.009).

In the cohort, 8.9% had seen their GP with shoulder pain and a full-thickness rotator cuff tear, 18.8% with shoulder pain and an abnormality and 29.3% with shoulder pain.

Conclusion

Rotator cuff tears are common, and primary care services are heavily impacted. As 50% of tears remain asymptomatic, future research may investigate the cause of pain and whether different treatment modalities, aside from addressing the pathology, need further investigation.
Imaging timing after glioblastoma surgery (INTERVAL-GB): protocol for a UK and Ireland, multicentre retrospective cohort study
Authors: Gillespie Conor S , Bligh Emily R , Poon Michael T C , Solomou Georgios , Islim Abdurrahman I , Mustafa Mohammad A , Rominiyi Ola , Williams Sophie T , Kalra Neeraj , Mathew Ryan K , Booth Thomas C , Thompson Gerard , Brennan Paul M , Jenkinson Michael D ,   INTERVAL-GB Collaborative,   British Neurosurgical Trainee Research Collaborative (BNTRC)
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Glioblastoma is the most common malignant primary brain tumour with a median overall survival of 12–15 months (range 6–17 months), even with maximal treatment involving debulking neurosurgery and adjuvant concomitant chemoradiotherapy. The use of postoperative imaging to detect progression is of high importance to clinicians and patients, but currently, the optimal follow-up schedule is yet to be defined. It is also unclear how adhering to National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines—which are based on general consensus rather than evidence—affects patient outcomes such as progression-free and overall survival. The primary aim of this study is to assess MRI monitoring practice after surgery for glioblastoma, and to evaluate its association with patient outcomes.

Methods and analysis

ImagiNg Timing aftER surgery for glioblastoma: an eVALuation of practice in Great Britain and Ireland is a retrospective multicentre study that will include 450 patients with an operated glioblastoma, treated with any adjuvant therapy regimen in the UK and Ireland. Adult patients ≥18 years diagnosed with glioblastoma and undergoing surgery between 1 August 2018 and 1 February 2019 will be included. Clinical and radiological scanning data will be collected until the date of death or date of last known follow-up. Anonymised data will be uploaded to an online Castor database. Adherence to NICE guidelines and the effect of being concordant with NICE guidelines will be identified using descriptive statistics and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.

Ethics and dissemination

Each participating centre is required to gain local institutional approval for data collection and sharing. Formal ethical approval is not required since this is a service evaluation. Results of the study will be reported through peer-reviewed presentations and articles, and will be disseminated to participating centres, patients and the public.
Association between continuity of primary care and both prescribing and adherence of common cardiovascular medications: a cohort study among patients in England
Authors: Tammes Peter , Payne Rupert A , Salisbury Chris
Published: September 2022

Objectives

To investigate whether better continuity of care is associated with increased prescribing of clinically relevant medication and improved medication adherence.

Setting

Random sample of 300 000 patients aged 30+ in 2017 within 83 English general practitioner (GP) practices from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink.

Design

Patients were assigned to a randomly selected index date in 2017 on which medication use and continuity of care were determined. Adjusted associations between continuity of care and the prescribing and adherence of five cardiovascular medication groups were examined using logistic regression.

Participants

Continuity of Care Index was calculated for 173 993 patients with 4+ GP consultations 2 years prior to their index date and divided into five categories: absence of continuity, below-average continuity, average, above-average continuity and perfect continuity.

Main outcome measures

(A) Prescription for statins (primary or secondary prevention separately), anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents and antihypertensives covering the patient’s index date. (B) Adherence (>80%) estimated using medication possession ratio.

Results

There was strong evidence (p<0.01) that prescription of all five cardiovascular medication groups increased with greater continuity of care. Patients with absence of continuity were less likely to be prescribed cardiovascular medications than patients with above-average continuity (statins primary prevention OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.59 to 0.85; statins secondary prevention 0.77, 95% CI 0.57 to 1.03; antiplatelets 0.55, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.92; antihypertensives 0.51, 95% CI 0.39 to 0.65). Furthermore, patients with perfect continuity were more likely to be prescribed cardiovascular medications than those with above-average continuity (statins primary prevention OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.49; statins secondary prevention 1.37, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.71; antiplatelets 1.37, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.74; antihypertensives 1.10, 95% CI 0.99 to 1.23). Continuity was generally not associated with medication adherence, except for adherence to statins for secondary prevention (OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.60 to 0.94 for average compared with above-average continuity).

Conclusion

Better continuity of care is associated with improved prescribing of medication to patients at higher risk of cardiovascular disease but does not appear to be related to patient’s medication adherence.
Thrombin generation assay and lupus anticoagulant synergically distinguish populations of patients with antiphospholipid antibodies
Authors: Radin Massimo , Barinotti Alice , Cecchi Irene , Foddai Silvia Grazietta , Rubini Elena , Roccatello Dario , Menegatti Elisa , Sciascia Savino
Published: September 2022

Aim

To apply thrombin generation assay (TGA) in a large cohort of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL)-positive patients.

Material and methods

108 patients were tested with TGA and lupus anticoagulant (LA) testing and divided according to their aPL profile. Briefly, 21 patients were positive for anti-phosphatidylserine (aPS)/prothrombin (PT) IgG/IgM (group1), 29 for anti-ß2-glycoprotein-I (aβ2GPI) and anti-cardiolipin (aCL) IgG/IgM (group2), 31 for aPS/PT, aβ2GPI and aCL IgG/IgM (group3), 27 for aPS/PT and/or aβ2GPI+aCL IgM at low-titres (group4). 31 healthy donors (HDs) and 24 controls treated with vitamin K antagonists (VKA) were included.

Results

The most deranged TGA and LA profiles were observed in tetra-positive patients (group3) that differed significantly to the other groups, thus those with isolated, double or triple aPL-positivity. Moreover, when comparing the TGA profile of all antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) patients, aPL-carriers, HDs and VKA controls, we observed that the aPL+ patients (especially APS) showed a distinctive profile that allowed to distinguish them from the other groups with significantly higher tLag and tPeak, and lower Peak and area under the curve.

When focusing on APS clinical manifestations, patients with a high-risk profile (group3) showed significant differences from those presenting low-titres aPL (group 4) regarding the number of venous events (p=0.04), recurrence of any thrombotic event (p=0.01), of arterial events (5 vs 0, p=0.02), the occurrence of TIA (p=0.04), DVT (p=0.02) and, when analysing extracriteria manifestations, of peripheral artery disease (p=0.04).

Conclusions

TGA seems a valuable approach to stratify aPL+ patients according to their risk profile. The differences among different populations of autoantibodies specificities could be considered a translational validation of the increased thrombotic risk of patients with triple or tetra aPL-positivity.
Pridinol for cancer-related myofascial pain
Authors: Coyle Séamus
Published: September 2022

Myofascial pain is an important yet under recognised component of cancer pain. It has a prevalence of between 11.9 and 44.8% in cancer patients. Treatments for myofascial pain reduce the prevalence of myofascial trigger points therefore decreasing pain and improving range of motion. Pridinol is a nonbenzodiazepine antispasmodic licenced for the treatment of central and peripheral muscle spasms in adults. This paper describes two case histories where patients with myofascial pain were successfully treated with pridinol. These cases highlight the importance of treating myofascial pain and the potential of pridinol to treat cancer-related myofascial pain.
Fractional Competitive Fruitfly Optimized Secure Routing Protocol under Mobile Sink Based WSN with Deep QNN Based Prediction
Authors: Saoji Apurva Rushikesh , Rao Giduturi Srinivasa
Published: September 2022

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) consists of numerous of low cost and less-energy sensor nodes that are responsible to gather and transmit the data packets from one node to destination point. WSN has a wide range of applications over agriculture, military, traffic monitoring, instrument surveillance, and security monitoring. In WSN, the nodes are located in a specific region to create a wireless network. The effective data communication among sensors is a challenging task because of different complex parameters. Typically, clustering is a well-preferred methodology to provide the effective communication by partitioning the nodes into different clusters. Every cluster possesses individual cluster head that transmits the data to other sensor nodes. Therefore, it is substantial to choose optimal cluster head and optimal route for effective transmission with less energy consumption and less delay. To increase the network efficiency and sink utilization, an energy aware routing algorithm called Fractional Competitive Fruit Fly Optimizer (FrCFFO) is designed, which is an integration of Fractional concept into the Competitive Fruit Fly Optimizer (CFFO). Here, the energy prediction is performed using Deep Quantum Neural Network (QNN). Effective CH selection and routing is done using the proposed FrCFFO and the fitness parameter is considered depending upon the factors like energy, distance, link lifetime, trust, and delay. Moreover, the developed FrCFFO has achieved effective performance with minimum delay of 0.098sec, maximum energy of 0.233J, and maximum PDR of 90.81%.
Liquid crystal research at Tsinghua University in the 1970s and 1980s
Authors: Lam Lui
Published: September 2022

Liquid crystal (LC) research in China started during the Cultural Revolution years in the late 1960s. It was motivated partly by the potential application in liquid-crystal display (LCD) digital television (TV) and movies, deemed good for the government’s political propaganda agenda. The large-screen LCD TV/ movie project was initiated and done at the Tsinghua University, Beijing, which became successful in 1976 with prototypes built. Although it never reached the commercial stage, the research achievement was world-leading then. Here, the history of this project and other LC research at the Tsinghua University in the 1970s and 1980s are described for the first time, with appropriate historical backgrounds provided. Tsinghua’s significant contributions in basic LC research and a description of the founding and workings of the Chinese Liquid Crystal Society are also included. Finally, lessons drawn from this piece of science history are presented.
Insight into the study of some nonlinear evolution problems: Applications based on Variation Iteration Method with Laplace
Authors: Rahman Jamshaid Ul , Mannan Abdul , Ghoneim Mohamed E. , Yassen Mansour F. , Haider Jamil Abbas
Published: September 2022

In this study, we look at the solutions of nonlinear partial differential equations and ordinary differential equations. Scientists and engineers have had a hard time coming up with a way to solve nonlinear differential equations. Almost all of the nature’s puzzles have equations that aren’t linear. There aren’t any well-known ways to solve nonlinear equations, and people have tried to improve methods for a certain type of problems. This doesn’t mean, however, that all nonlinear equations can be solved. With this in mind, we’ll look at how well the variation approach works for solving nonlinear DEs. Different problems can be solved well by using different methods. We agree that a nonlinear problem might have more than one answer. Factorization, homotropy analysis, homotropy perturbation, tangent hyperbolic function and trial function are all examples of ways to do this. On the other hand, some of these strategies don’t cover all of the nonlinear problem-solving methods. In this paper, a new method called the variation iterative method with Laplace transformation is used to find a solution to the highly nonlinear evolution of a simple pendulum whose rotation revolves around its fixed position. When the Laplace operator is used to change the Maximum Minimum Approach, Amplitude Frequency Formulation and Variation Iteration Method (VIM) nonlinear oscillators, the results of the analysis are all the same. The method for solving nonlinear oscillators, as well as their time and boundary conditions, can be shown to be correct by comparing analytical results of VIM obtained through the Laplace transformation.
Structural Performance Evaluation of Reconstructed Masonry Structure: A Case of Ephesus Celsus Library in Turkey
Authors: Cakir Ferit
Published: September 2022

Protection of
cultural heritage (CH)
with correct and appropriate techniques has become an increasingly important issue all over the world. A common practice in protection work is the reconstruction of partially or fully destroyed structures. This study focuses on the reconstructed Celsus Library in Ephesus ancient city in Turkey, listed as
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
World Heritage. The primary purpose of the study is to examine the structural performance of the library, which was reconstructed by its original plan and materials in the 1970s, during the earthquake (Mw = 6.9) of October 30, 2020, at the Eastern Aegean Sea. The physical and mechanical tests were performed on samples of materials taken from the ancient city of Ephesus, and then non-linear dynamic analyses were conducted to determine how the structure performed during the Aegean Sea earthquake. According to the results obtained from the study, it is seen that the performance of the reconstructed library is well in terms of seismic behavior. Moreover, the results showed that the performance of the reconstructed library is well in terms of seismic behavior and the interaction between the adjacent walls and façade plays a vital role.
Test Point Insertion for Multi-Cycle Power-On Self-Test
Authors: Wang Senling , Zhou Xihong , Higami Yoshinobu , Takahashi Hiroshi , Iwata Hiroyuki , Maeda Yoichi , Matsushima Jun
Published: September 2022

Under the functional safety standard ISO26262, automotive systems require testing in the field, such as the
power-on self-test (POST)
. Unlike the production test, the POST requires reducing the test application time to meet the indispensable test quality (e.g., >90% of latent fault metric) of ISO26262. This article proposes a test point insertion technique for multi-cycle power-on self-test to reduce the test application time under the indispensable test quality. The main difference to the existing test point insertion techniques is to solve the fault masking problem and the fault detection degradation problem under the multi-cycle test. We also present the method to identify a user-specified amount of test points that could achieve the most scan-in pattern reduction for attaining a target test coverage. The experimental results on ISCAS89 and ITC99 benchmarks show 24.4X pattern reduction on average to achieve 90% stuck-at fault coverage confirming the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Living with lung disease: experimental models to assess the long-term effects of prematurity
Authors: Evans Denby J. , Pillow J. Jane , Simpson Shannon J. , Kicic Anthony
Published: September 2022

Laboratory models provide an important tool in helping to understand the cellular and molecular drivers of respiratory disease. Many animal models exist that model the neonatal outcomes of preterm birth. Discoveries at the laboratory bench from examination of both human tissue and tissues from animal models have informed the life-saving technologies and clinical care used today. Yet animal laboratory models of preterm birth have rarely been utilized beyond the neonatal period, despite growing reports of respiratory symptoms and subnormal lung function throughout childhood. Elucidation of the driving factors and physiological explanations underpinning poor outcomes in survivors of preterm birth are crucial to optimize clinical care and identify therapeutic targets. Can existing neonatal models be utilized to study respiratory outcomes beyond infancy? This review answers the question by highlighting the clinical evidence underpinning an active respiratory disease process after preterm birth and exploring the benefits and drawbacks of existing models to conduct research into the long-term respiratory outcomes of preterm birth.
Optimal Control of the Logistics Automation Transmission System Based on Partial Differential Equation
Authors: Wu Xiaoqing , Du Lei
Published: September 2022

In this paper, the finite difference scheme of the spatiotemporal fractional convection-diffusion equation is established, and its stability and convergence are proved. Furthermore, this discrete technique is extended to solve nonlinear spatiotemporal fractional convection-diffusion equations. By using the Krylov subspace method to solve the discrete system, the numerical solution of the spatiotemporal fractional convection-diffusion equation can be obtained quickly. In this paper, an efficient optimal control algorithm is proposed to solve the free control problem of a class of nonlinear time-delay systems. We obtained the optimal control law of the system through the Bellman optimality principle, obtained the asymptotic stability criterion of the system in the form of LMI under the optimal control input by using the Lyapunov stability theory, and discussed the effect of the delay parameter on the system stability. Using the principle of intelligent neural network approximation function, the evaluation neural network and the execution neural network are used to approximate the optimal performance index function and optimal control input, respectively, the optimal control strategy of the system is obtained, and the convergence of the weight estimation error is proved to be optimal. On the basis of optimal state adjustment, the optimal tracking control problem is further solved. Numerical example results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method in terms of stability analysis, optimal state control, and optimal tracking control for the nonlinear time-delay system proposed in this paper. We calculate the parameters of the conveyor and select a reasonable transmission and sorting mechanism to realize the speed regulation of the driving motor of each mechanism. Through the work of each part, the design scheme of the automatic transmission system is formed, and the reliability, practicability, and economy of the system are guaranteed.
An Empirical Study on Relationship between Residents’ Disposable Income and CPI Based on TVECM: Application of Bootstrap SupLM Testing for Threshold Cointegration
Authors: Du Jungang
Published: September 2022

Based on the fluctuation characteristics of residents’ disposable income and CPI (Consumer Price Index) in different periods, this article introduces a nonlinear threshold cointegration theory, establishes a TVECM (Threshold Vector Error Correction Model) of the residents’ disposable income and CPI. We propose an algorithm to obtain maximum likelihood estimation under the condition of cointegration vector and threshold value which are unknown and then propose a SupLM test for the presence of a threshold. The asymptotic distribution of the SupLM statistic is analyzed, and it appears to depend on the moment functionals, so tabulated critical values are unavailable. We discuss how the residual bootstrap can be used to calculate asymptotic critical values and p values, investigate the size and power of the SupLM test using Monte Carlo simulation, and find that the test works quite well. In the empirical section, we apply our methods to test and estimate the TVECM of residents’ disposable income and CPI. According to the experimental results, the causal relationship between residents’ disposable income and CPI under different mechanisms is tested and compared with the test results under the linear cointegration hypothesis. The empirical results show that the disposable income of residents and CPI belong to a two‐mechanism nonlinear threshold cointegration system. When the deviation from the equilibrium state exceeds the threshold value, the system may adjust to the equilibrium state, and the adjustment speed of CPI shall be faster than that of the residents’ disposable income.
Application of PSO-Optimized Twin Support Vector Machine in Medium and Long-Term Load Forecasting under the Background of New Normal Economy
Authors: He Xiang , Chen Yan , Hu Kai , Wan Lin
Published: September 2022

In order to improve the accuracy of medium and long-term load forecasting in the new normal economy, this paper combines the PSO-optimized twin support vector machine to build a medium and long-term load forecasting model under the background of the new normal economy. Moreover, this paper uses the algorithm to debug the filter and studies the accurate prediction of the fine model by the progressive spatial mapping algorithm and the processing of the data by the vector fitting algorithm. In addition, this paper combines the PSO algorithm to optimize the twin support vector machine, constructs the optimized algorithm according to the flow chart, and applies it to the medium and long-term load forecasting under the background of a new normal economy. The experimental results verify that the PSO-optimized twin support vector machine has a very good application effect in medium and long-term load forecasting under the background of the new normal economy.
Association of β2-Agonist Receptor Gene Polymorphisms with Acute Exacerbations of COPD: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Lu Fengfeng , Xu Nengluan , Zheng Jianshi
Published: September 2022

Objective. To investigate the relationship between β2-agonist receptor gene polymorphisms and acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods. Retrospective analysis of 99 patients in the respiratory and critical care unit of Fujian Provincial Hospital from 2018 to 2020. The clinical characteristics of different genotypes were compared, and the treatments of different genotypes and the analysis of factors associated with acute exacerbations of COPD were compared. Results. During the 12-month follow-up period, 53 patients developed acute exacerbations, with the 16Arg/Arg homozygous requiring significantly more antibiotics and hormones than the other two genotypes; when agonist receptor 16 gene polymorphism was associated with the risk of acute exacerbation, 16Arg/Gly patients had a 5.286-fold increased risk of acute exacerbation (OR = 6.286, 95% CI. 1.476–26.759,

P
=
0.013

). 16Arg/Arg patients had a 5.060-fold increased risk of acute exacerbation (OR = 6.060, 95% confidence interval: 1.407–26.161,

P
=
0.016

). Conclusion. Acute exacerbation of 16Arg/Arg COPD is very serious; 16Arg/Gly increases the risk of acute exacerbation in COPD patients; and provides help for future treatment and management options of the disease.
Building Better Cities: Evaluating the Effect of Circular Economy City Construction on Air Quality via a Quasi‐Natural Experiment
Authors: Zhu Yanjiao , Mao Chunmei , Jia Qiong , Barnes Stuart J. , Yao Qing
Published: September 2022

The resource utilization of a circular economy should reflect both economic and environmental values. Resource utility can be measured by GDP in the short term, while environmental value is challenging to measure; that is, the improvement in air quality is not effectively evaluated. In order to examine this initiative, using China’s pilot cities of circular economy as a quasi‐natural experiment, we construct a difference‐in‐difference (DID) strategy for estimation. The results demonstrate the following: (1) the pollutant emissions of pilot cities decline by 2.92 percentage points (p < 0.01) compared to unpiloted cities, (2) the policies on pilot cities more rapidly enhanced air quality for central cities and those with a low level of economic development, and (3) pilot cities significantly enhance air quality by decreasing energy consumption per unit of GDP. We provide the first empirical evidence of the effectiveness of circular economy pilot cities in improving air quality.
Mechanisms of Agricultural Land Transfer Influence on the Urban Settlement Intention of Rural Floating Population in China
Authors: Xie Yu , Yao Yin , Zhang Bingbing , Chen Xiongying , Wang Xinyu , Hung Tsang-Kai , Wang Zijun
Published: September 2022

In order to promote the citizenship of China’s rural floating population and improve the level of new urbanization, as an important source of property income for rural floating population, the transfer of agricultural land or not has an important impact on whether they choose to return to their hometowns or settle in cities. Based on data from the 2017 China Migrants Dynamic Survey (CMDS), this paper explores the mechanism of the impact of agricultural land transfer on the urban settlement intention of rural floating population by constructing a structural equation modeling and bootstrap test. The results show that agricultural land transfer has a significant positive impact on the urban settlement intention of rural floating population, with occupational prestige and identity recognition playing a part in mediating the effect. Actively promoting the identification and orderly transfer of agricultural land rights, improving the quality of urban employment for rural floating population by strengthening vocational skills training, and accelerating the equalization of urban public services to enhance the identity recognition of rural floating population are important in promoting the orderly and effective integration of rural floating population into cities and their genuine citizenship.