bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Approach to the design of different types of intraocular lenses based on an improved sinusoidal profile
Authors: Xing Yuwei , Liu Yongji , Li Kunqi , Li Xiaolan , Liu Dongyu , Wang Yan
Published: May 2023

An approach is presented to design different types of Intraocular lenses (IOLs) with a uniform optimization algorithm. An improved sinusoidal phase function is proposed to realize adjustable energy allocations in different diffractive orders according to the design aims. By setting specific optimization goals, different types of IOLs can be designed using the same optimization algorithm. With this method, bifocal, trifocal, extended-depth-of-focus (EDoF), and mono-EDoF IOLs are successfully designed and their optical performance under monochromatic and polychromatic light is evaluated and compared with their commercial counterparts. The result shows that most of the designed IOLs, even though they don’t have any multi-zones or combination of diffractive profiles, have superior or comparable performance to their commercial counterparts in terms of optical performance under monochromatic light. The result demonstrates the validity and reliability of the approach proposed in this paper. With this method, the development time of different types of IOLs could be reduced considerably.
10.51-Tbit/s multi-channel IF-over-fiber transmission with SDM/WDM/SCM for beyond-5G mobile fronthaul accommodating ultra-high-density antennas
Authors: Nimura Shinji , Tanaka Kazuki , Ishimura Shota , Nishimura Kosuke , Inohara Ryo , Tsuritani Takehiro , Suzuki Masatoshi
Published: May 2023

In beyond-5G and 6G mobile communication systems, it is expected that massive numbers of antennas are densely deployed to provide a stable and high-speed communication environment. To efficiently accommodate high-density antennas, high-capacity mobile fronthaul (MFH) is also required. Intermediate-frequency-over-fiber (IFoF) is considered as one of the attractive solutions for realizing high-capacity MFH due to its high spectral efficiency and multi-channel transmission capability. In this paper, we demonstrate the highest-capacity IFoF transmission with combinations of space division multiplexing, wavelength division multiplexing, and subcarrier multiplexing; 4608 channels of 64-quadrature amplitude modulation orthogonal frequency division multiplexing signals with a total net bit rate of 10.51 Tbit/s (4608×380.16MHz/ch×6bit/s/Hz) are successfully transmitted over a 10.1-km uncoupled 12-core multi-core fiber.
Limits of realizing irradiance distributions with shift-invariant illumination systems and finite étendue sources
Authors: Heemels Alexander N. M. , Adam Aurèle J. L. , Urbach H. Paul
Published: May 2023

When redistributing the light emitted by a source into a prescribed irradiance distribution, it is not guaranteed that, given the source and optical constraints, the desired irradiance distribution can be achieved. We analyze the problem by assuming an optical black box that is shift-invariant, meaning that a change in source position does not change the shape of the irradiance distribution, only its position. The irradiance distribution we can obtain is then governed by deconvolution. Using positive-definite functions and Bochner’s theorem, we provide conditions such that the irradiance distribution can be realized for finite étendue sources. We also analyze the problem using optimization, showing that the result heavily depends on the chosen source distribution.
Ultrasensitive optical modulation in hybrid metal-perovskite and metal-graphene metasurface THz devices
Authors: Wang Tongling , Yang Zhou , Li Tengteng , Yao Haiyun , Lu Yuying , Yan Xin , Cao Maoyong , Yang Maosheng , Liang Lanju , Zheng Wenjing , Wu Xiaohu , Yao Jianquan
Published: May 2023

Implementation of efficient terahertz (THz) wave control is essential for THz technology development for applications including sixth-generation communications and THz sensing. Therefore, realization of tunable THz devices with large-scale intensity modulation capabilities is highly desirable. By integrating perovskite and graphene with a metallic asymmetric metasurface, two ultrasensitive devices for dynamic THz wave manipulation through low-power optical excitation are demonstrated experimentally here. The perovskite-based hybrid metadevice offers ultrasensitive modulation with a maximum modulation depth for the transmission amplitude reaching 190.2% at the low optical pump power of 5.90 mW/cm2. Additionally, a maximum modulation depth of 227.11% is achieved in the graphene-based hybrid metadevice at a power density of 18.87 mW/cm2. This work paves the way toward design and development of ultrasensitive devices for optical modulation of THz waves.
Frequency-domain engineering of bright squeezed vacuum for continuous-variable quantum information
Authors: Hurvitz Inbar , Karnieli Aviv , Arie Ady
Published: May 2023

Multimode bright squeezed vacuum is a non-classical state of light hosting a macroscopic photon number while offering promising capacity for encoding quantum information in its spectral degree of freedom. Here, we employ an accurate model for parametric down-conversion in the high-gain regime and use nonlinear holography to design quantum correlations of bright squeezed vacuum in the frequency domain. We propose the design of quantum correlations over two-dimensional lattice geometries that are all-optically controlled, paving the way toward continuous-variable cluster state generation on an ultrafast timescale. Specifically, we investigate the generation of a square cluster state in the frequency domain and calculate its covariance matrix and the quantum nullifier uncertainties, that exhibit squeezing below the vacuum noise level.
Wavelength-tunable infrared chiral metasurfaces with phase-change materials
Authors: Tang Haotian , Stan Liliana , Czaplewski David A. , Yang Xiaodong , Gao Jie
Published: May 2023

Optical phase-change materials exhibit tunable permittivity and switching properties during phase transition, which offers the possibility of dynamic control of optical devices. Here, a wavelength-tunable infrared chiral metasurface integrated with phase-change material GST-225 is demonstrated with the designed unit cell of parallelogram-shaped resonator. By varying the baking time at a temperature above the phase transition temperature of GST-225, the resonance wavelength of the chiral metasurface is tuned in the wavelength range of 2.33 µm to 2.58 µm, while the circular dichroism in absorption is maintained around 0.44. The chiroptical response of the designed metasurface is revealed by analyzing the electromagnetic field and displacement current distributions under left- and right-handed circularly polarized (LCP and RCP) light illumination. Moreover, the photothermal effect is simulated to investigate the large temperature difference in the chiral metasurface under LCP and RCP illumination, which allows for the possibility of circular polarization-controlled phase transition. The presented chiral metasurfaces with phase-change materials offer the potential to facilitate promising applications in the infrared regime, such as chiral thermal switching, infrared imaging, and tunable chiral photonics.
Structuring of perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells for reduced reflectance and thermalization losses
Authors: Callies Adrian , Hanser Mario , Goldschmidt Jan Christoph , Bläsi Benedikt , Höhn Oliver
Published: May 2023

Perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells have made rapid progress in the last decade. Still, they suffer from multiple loss channels, one of them being optical losses including reflection and thermalization. In this study, the effect of structures at the air-perovskite and perovskite-silicon interface of the tandem solar cell stack on these two loss channels are evaluated. Regarding reflectance, every structure evaluated led to a reduction relative to the optimized planar stack. The best combination of structures evaluated reduced the reflection loss from 3.1 mA/cm2 (planar reference) to 1.0 mA/cm2 equivalent current. Additionally, nanostructured interfaces can lead to a reduction in thermalization losses by enhancing the absorptance in the perovskite sub-cell close to the bandgap. This means that more current can be generated at a higher voltage under the assumption that current-matching is maintained and the perovskite bandgap is increased accordingly, pathing the way towards higher efficiencies. Here, the largest benefit was obtained using a structure at the upper interface. The best result yielded an increase of 4.9%rel in efficiency. A comparison to a tandem solar cell using a fully textured approach with random pyramids on silicon shows potential benefits for the suggested nanostructured approach regarding thermalization losses, while reflectance is reduced at a similar level. In addition, the applicability of the concept in the module context is shown.
Burst errors suppression for MLSE in high-speed IM/DD transmission systems using PAM
Authors: Zhou Jiahao , Zhang Jing , Zhao Xue , Wang Chenye , Jin Taowei , Hu Shaohua , Yang Qi , Dai Xiaoxiao , Xu Bo , Qiu Kun
Published: May 2023

Maximum likelihood sequence estimation (MLSE) is the optimal signal sequence detection that can remove the inter-symbol interference (ISI). However, we find that the MLSE causes burst consecutive errors alternating between +2 and –2 in M-ary pulse amplitude modulation (PAM-M) IM/DD systems with large ISI. In this paper, we propose to use precoding to suppress the burst consecutive errors resulted from MLSE. A 2 M modulo operation is employed to guarantee that the probability distribution as well as the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of encoded signal remain unchanged. After the receiver-side MLSE, the decoding process that involves adding the current MLSE output to the previous one and applying a 2 M modulo is implemented to break the burst consecutive errors. We conduct experiments to transmit 112/150-Gb/s PAM-4 or beyond 200-Gb/s PAM-8 signals at C-band to investigate the performance of the proposed MLSE integrated with precoding. The results show that the precoding can break burst errors effectively. For 201-Gb/s PAM-8 signal transmission, the precoding MLSE can achieve 1.4-dB receiver sensitivity gain and reduce the maximum length of burst consecutive errors from 16 to 3.
Parallel photonic acceleration processor for matrix–matrix multiplication
Authors: Huang Ying , Yue Hengsong , Ma Wei , Zhang Yiyuan , Xiao Yao , Tang Yong , Tang He , Chu Tao
Published: May 2023

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a highly parallel photonic acceleration processor based on a wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) system and a non-coherent Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) array for matrix–matrix multiplication. The dimensional expansion is achieved by WDM devices, which play a crucial role in realizing matrix–matrix multiplication together with the broadband characteristics of an MZI. We implemented a 2 × 2 arbitrary nonnegative valued matrix using a reconfigurable 8 × 8 MZI array structure. Through experimentation, we verified that this structure could achieve 90.5% inference accuracy in a classification task for the Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology (MNIST) handwritten dataset. This provides a new effective solution for large-scale integrated optical computing systems based on convolution acceleration processors.
Low latency microwave photonic RTFT processing based on bandwidth slicing and equivalent dispersion
Authors: Li Jilong , Wang Yue , Fu Songnian , Xie Xiangzhi , Xiang Meng , Yin Feifei , Dai Yitang , Yang Jun , Qin Yuwen
Published: May 2023

Microwave photonic real-time Fourier transformation (RTFT) processing based on optical dispersion is a promising solution for microwave spectrum analysis. However, it usually brings the drawbacks of limited frequency resolution and large processing latency. Here, we demonstrate a low-latency microwave photonic RTFT processing based on bandwidth slicing and equivalent dispersion. The input RF signal is first divided into different channels with the help of bandwidth slicing technique, and then finely analyzed by the fiber-loop based frequency-to-time mapping. In the proof-of-concept experiment, a 0.44-m fiber-loop offers an equivalent dispersion as high as 6 × 105 ps/nm with a small transmission latency of 50 ns. As a result, we can realize a wide instantaneous bandwidth of 1.35 GHz, a high frequency resolution of approximately 20 MHz, and a high acquisition frame rate of approximately 450 MHz, together with a total latency of less than 200 ns.
High-precision clock date recovery for optical wireless communications using orbital-angular-momentum-based mode division multiplexing
Authors: Li Jianghao , Yuan Yangsheng , Cai Yangjian
Published: May 2023

In this Letter, we explore the potential of the application of clock data recovery for the implementation of real-time optical wireless communications (OWCs) employing orbital angular momentum (OAM)-based mode division multiplexing (MDM). We experimentally demonstrate a 3-mode multiplexed optical wireless link with a sum rate of 60 Gbps, in which the time synchronization of different channels is realized by the proposed modified digital feedback clock recovery based on the Gardner algorithm. The experimental results show that high-precision channel synchronization with a low timing error can be achieved, and the bit-error rate of all channels can drop below 7% of the hard-decision forward error correction (HD-FEC) limit of 3.8 × 10−3, which indicates that clock data recovery can potentially provide the implementation of real-time OWCs using OAM-based MDM.
Modeling the Lassa fever outbreak synchronously occurring with cholera and COVID-19 outbreaks in Nigeria 2021: A threat to Global Health Security
Authors: Tahmo Nancy B. , Wirsiy Frankline Sevidzem , Brett-Major David M.
Published: May 2023

Nigeria struggles with seasonal outbreaks of Lassa fever (LF), with 70 to 100% of its states affected annually. Since 2018, the seasonal dynamics have changed with a stark increase in infections, though the pattern in 2021 differed from the other years. Nigeria had three outbreaks of Lassa Fever in 2021. In that year, Nigeria also experienced substantial burdens from COVID-19 and Cholera. There is potential that these three outbreak events interacted with each other. This may have been from community disruption and so changes in how people access the health system, how the health system responds, or overlapping biological interactions, misclassification, social factors, misinformation, and pre-existing disparities and vulnerabilities. We assessed the syndemic potential of Lassa Fever, COVID-19, and Cholera through modeling their interactions across the 2021 calendar year employing a Poisson regression model. We included the number of states affected and the month of the year. We used these predictors to forecast the progression of the outbreak using a Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) model. The Poisson model prediction for the confirmed number of Lassa fever cases was significantly dependent on the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases, the number of states affected, and the month of the year (p-value < 0.001), and the SARIMA model was a good fit, accounting for 48% of the change in the number of cases of Lassa fever (p-value < 0.001) with parameters ARIMA (6, 1, 3) (5, 0, 3). Lassa Fever, COVID-19, and Cholera 2021 case curves have mirrored dynamics and likely interact. Further research into common, intervenable aspects of those interactions should be performed.
Accuracy of rating scales for evaluating aphasic patients’ psychological aspects and language function: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Kodani Yuhei , Nagami Shinsuke , Kojima Satomi , Fukunaga Shinya , Nakamura Hikaru
Published: May 2023

Aphasia nearly affects half of all poststroke patients. Furthermore, aphasia affects all language functions, well-being, and quality of life of patients. Therefore, rehabilitation of patients with aphasia requires an accurate assessment of language function and psychological aspects. However, assessment scales for language function and psychological aspects of patients with aphasia are said to be inaccurate. In Japan, this sign is more prominent than in English-speaking countries. Therefore, we are putting together a scoping review of research articles published in English and Japanese to date, with the aim of summarizing the accuracy of rating scales for language function and psychological aspects of people with aphasia. The scoping review was intended to be a comprehensive examination of the accuracy of rating scales for people with aphasia. We will search the article databases PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and the Medical Journal Web (Japan). The observational studies that describe the reliability and validity of the rating scales in adult aphasic after stroke will be searched for. There will be no publication date for the articles that will be searched. We believe that this scoping review aims to assess the accuracy of rating scales used to measure different aspects of aphasia, with a focus on research conducted in English-speaking countries and Japan. By conducting this review, we believe to identify any problems with rating scales used in English and Japanese research and improve their accuracy.
A longitudinal multidimensional rehabilitation program for patients undergoing allogeneic blood and marrow transplantation (CaRE-4-alloBMT): Protocol for a phase II feasibility pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tam Samantha , Kumar Rajat , Lopez Paty , Mattsson Jonas , Alibhai Shabbir , Atenafu Eshetu G. , Bernstein Lori J. , Chang Eugene , Clarke Susan , Langelier David , Lipton Jeffrey , Mayo Samantha , Papadakos Tina , Jones Jennifer Michelle
Published: May 2023

Background

Allogeneic blood and marrow transplantation (alloBMT) is a curative treatment for blood cancers associated with various treatment-related adverse events and morbidities. Current rehabilitation programs are limited for patients undergoing alloBMT and research is urgently needed to test the acceptability and effectiveness of these programs. In response, we developed a 6-month multidimensional longitudinal rehabilitation program that spans from pre transplant to 3 months post transplant discharge (CaRE-4-alloBMT).

Methods

This study is a phase II randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted at the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre in patients undergoing alloBMT. A total of 80 patients stratified by frailty score will be randomized to receive usual care (n = 40) or CaRE-4-alloBMT plus usual care (n = 40). The CaRE-4-alloBMT program includes individualized exercise prescriptions, access to online education through a dedicated self-management platform, wearable technology for remote monitoring, and remote tailored clinical support. Feasibility will be assessed by examining the recruitment and retention rates and adherence to the intervention. Safety events will be monitored. Acceptability of the intervention will be assessed through qualitative interviews. Secondary clinical outcomes will be collected through questionnaires and physiological assessments at baseline (T0, 2–6 weeks pre-transplant), transplant hospital admission (T1), hospital discharge (T2), and 3 months post-discharge (T3).

Conclusion

This pilot RCT study will determine the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention and study design and will inform full-scale RCT planning.
Integrating social services with disease investigation: A randomized trial of COVID-19 high-touch contact tracing
Authors: Lu Lisa C. , Ouyang Derek , D’Agostino Alexis , Diaz Angelica , Rudman Sarah L. , Ho Daniel E.
Published: May 2023

COVID-19 exposed and exacerbated health disparities, and a core challenge has been how to adapt pandemic response and public health in light of these disproportionate health burdens. Responding to this challenge, the County of Santa Clara Public Health Department designed a model of “high-touch” contact tracing that integrated social services with disease investigation, providing continued support and resource linkage for clients from structurally vulnerable communities. We report results from a cluster randomized trial of 5,430 cases from February to May 2021 to assess the ability of high-touch contact tracing to aid with isolation and quarantine. Using individual-level data on resource referral and uptake outcomes, we find that the intervention, randomized assignment to the high-touch program, increased the referral rate to social services by 8.4% (95% confidence interval, 0.8%-15.9%) and the uptake rate by 4.9% (-0.2%-10.0%), with the most pronounced increases in referrals and uptake of food assistance. These findings demonstrate that social services can be effectively combined with contact tracing to better promote health equity, demonstrating a novel path for the future of public health.
Celiac disease and COVID-19 in adults: A systematic review
Authors: Amirian Parsa , Zarpoosh Mahsa , Moradi Sajjad , Jalili Cyrus
Published: May 2023

Background

Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disease affecting around 1.4% of the total human population. Local and systemic manifestations are described in CD. Viral infections seem to trigger CD or even have a worse outcome in CD patients. The evidence on the relationship between CD and coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is limited. To evaluate existing evidence on the association between CD and COVID-19, we conducted the current systematic review.

Methods

We systematically searched Pubmed, Scopus, and Embase databases to find articles that reported risks or outcomes of COVID-19 in CD patients. Papers in any language published up to November 17, 2022, were evaluated for possible inclusion. The results were analyzed qualitatively. This study is registered with PROSPERO(CRD42022327380).

Results

We identified 509 studies by searching databases; 14 reported data on the risk or outcome of COVID-19 in CD patients and were eligible for qualitative synthesis. We found that the relative risk of acquiring COVID-19 in CD patients may be lower than in the general population. Approximately 90% of infected patients were treated as an outpatient, and 10% were hospitalized. GFD adherence and Health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) were more or less the same before and during the pandemic. The gluten-free products (GFP) supply seems to be plunged during the pandemic. The data on the psychological effects of the pandemic were conflicting.

Conclusion

The risk of acquiring COVID-19 in CD patients is lower than in the general population. Females were more likely to be infected by COVID-19, and the most common comorbidity in infected patients was a chronic lower respiratory disease; around 10% of infected patients needed hospitalization, GFD adherence, and HR-QOL was more or less the same before and during the pandemic, depression, anxiety, and stress levels of patients varied among studies. Patients had more difficulties accessing GFPs based on limited data.
Editorial
Authors: Powell Bryan , Smith Gareth Dylan
Published: May 2023

In this introduction, the journal editors, Gareth Dylan Smith and Bryan Powell, pay tribute to Jarritt Sheel, a colleague whose light shone brightly in the field of popular music education until he died suddenly in late 2022. Next, the editors reflect briefly on the previous, sixth volume of the Journal of Popular Music Education, which featured two guest-edited Special Issues – one on music and the family, and another on women and popular music – and a general issue. The editors then provide a summary overview of the articles in this issue of the journal, by Ethan Hein, Natasha Hendry, Esther Morgan-Ellis, Aidan Harvey, Bryan Powell, Jonathan Kladder and Ian Cummings, and a book review by Jonathan Dillon.
Ni conocidas, ni carismáticas: estado de conservación de las tortugas del género Kinosternon (Spix, 1824) (Testudines: Kinosternidae) y sus factores de amenaza
Authors: Berriozabal Islas Christian Said , Ramírez-Bautista Aurelio , Nava-Jiménez Aurora Iris , Rojas-Domínguez Mirsha , Reyes-Grajales Eduardo , Loc-Barragán Jesús Alberto
Published: May 2023

Actualmente, el continente americano contiene la mayor diversidad de tortugas del planeta, así mismo, México ocupa el segundo lugar después de los Estados Unidos en riqueza de especies. Sin embargo, esta gran diversidad de tortugas se encuentra severamente amenazada por las diferentes actividades humanas, como la urbanización, el tráfico de especies, la sobrexplotación y el cambio climático que en conjunto conducen a la extinción de las poblaciones de tortugas y la fauna acuática con la que coexisten. Si esta tendencia continua, se espera un colapso ambiental y económico a medio o largo plazo en las regiones donde actualmente se distribuyen estos organismos. Esto se debe a que las tortugas son un eslabón muy importante en la cadena trófica de los ecosistemas y desempeñan papeles funcionales primordiales, como la depredación, control biológico y muchas de ellas son presas de otras especies de animales. En este trabajo, se describe el caso de las tortugas del género Kinosternon (Spix, 1824), comúnmente llamadas “casquitos”, las cuales hoy en día son consideradas un grupo susceptible a la extinción por diferentes amenazas antrópicas. Así mismo, mostramos un panorama general del estado de conservación de las especies de acuerdo a la NOM-059-2010 y la Lista Roja de Especies de UICN, analizamos el estado de conservación de las especies mexicanas mediante el índice de vulnerabilidad ambiental EVS (“Environmental Vulnerability Score”). Encontramos que, de los 32 táxones conocidos, 14 son endémicos de México. Por otra parte, el índice EVS muestra que 14 especies tienen alta vulnerabilidad y el resto vulnerabilidad media y de 9 especies no se tienen datos para poder determinar algún índice de vulnerabilidad, por el hecho de no saber el grado de persecución que tienen en otros países. Finalmente, proponemos algunas estrategias de conservación para este grupo de tortugas.
First molecular detection of the presence of honey bee viruses in insects, Varroa destructor mites, and pollinated plants in an isolated region of Armenia
Authors: Arzumanyan Hranush , Avagyan Hranush , Voskanyan Henry , Simonyan Liana , Simonyan Jon , Semirjyan Zara , Karalyan Zaven
Published: May 2023

Background and Aim: Recently, viral diseases of honey bees (Apis mellifera) have presented an increasing threat to beekeeping. This study aimed to examine the presence of honey bee viruses in Apis and non-Apis bee species, the mite Varroa destructor, and pollinated plants in Armenia.

Materials and Methods: Sampling was performed in Tavush Province, in the northeast of the Republic of Armenia, from August to November 2019. Overall, 200 A. mellifera bees, 50 V. destructor mites, and 20 wasps were collected (corresponding to three bees, five mites, and 2–11 wasps in each investigated sample) and homogenized for RNA isolation and detection of viruses. Ten pollinated plants were taken from each plant, and 2 g of each sample was used for homogenization. In each investigated case Apis mellifera, Varroa destructor, Vespula germanica and plants received percentages of the virus presence.

Results: Six important honey bee viruses (acute bee paralysis virus [ABPV], deformed wing virus [DWV], A. mellifera norovirus [ANV], Lake Sinai virus-2 [LSV-2], Big Sioux River virus [BSRV], and A. mellifera filamentous virus [AmFV]) were detected in samples by polymerase chain reaction. Our results showed that DWV, ANV, and ABPV were the most common viruses in honey bees. All viruses were detected in wasps, but LSV-2 and ANV were present in almost all samples.

Conclusion: Our results showed that almost all viruses were present in V. destructor. Although ANV is very common in honey bees, it did not appear in any mite samples. Our study indicates that viruses typically associated with honey bees were also actively infecting wasps. Our data suggest that the survival of viruses in plants can be an important source of seasonal transmission of viruses to bees. In addition, pollinated plants can potentially serve as reservoirs for honey bee viruses.

Keywords: Apis mellifera, honey bee virus, polymerase chain reaction assay, pollinated plants, Varroa destructor.
Sisters in Spirit: Christianity, Affect, and Community Building in East Africa, 1860–1970
Authors: Prichard Andreana C.
Published: May 2023

In this pioneering study, historian Andreana Prichard presents an intimate history of a single mission organization, the Universities’ Mission to Central Africa (UMCA), told through the rich personal stories of a group of female African lay evangelists. Founded by British Anglican missionaries in the 1860s, the UMCA worked among refugees from the Indian Ocean slave trade on Zanzibar and among disparate communities on the adjacent Tanzanian mainland. Prichard illustrates how the mission’s unique theology and the demographics of its adherents produced cohorts of African Christian women who, in the face of linguistic and cultural dissimilarity, used the daily performance of a certain set of “civilized” Christian values and affective relationships to evangelize to new inquirers. The UMCA’s “sisters in spirit” ultimately forged a united spiritual community that spanned discontiguous mission stations across Tanzania and Zanzibar, incorporated diverse ethnolinguistic communities, and transcended generations. Focusing on the emotional and personal dimensions of their lives and on the relationships of affective spirituality that grew up among them, Prichard tells stories that are vital to our understanding of Tanzanian history, the history of religion and Christian missions in Africa, the development of cultural nationalisms, and the intellectual histories of African women.
Inventarizace a analýza didaktické vybavenosti učebnic pěstitelských prací na druhém stupni základních škol
Authors: Vácha Zbyněk , Brožková Michaela
Published: May 2023

Článek popisuje didaktickou vybavenost aktuálně využívaných učebnic pěstitelství na základních školách. Prostřednictvím pěstitelských prací jsou do výuky přirozeně implementovány environmentalistické prvky a dochází k žádanému propojování praxe s teorií. Do výzkumného šetření bylo na základě orientační dotazníkové sondy zařazeno celkem 12 učebnic. Výsledky poukazují na skutečnost, že na řadě škol jsou k výuce pěstitelských prací využívány učebnice staré několik desítek let či tituly původně vydané pro jiný stupeň základní školy.

Z výsledků vyplývá, že se z hlediska didaktické vybavenosti vyskytují rozdíly mezi staršími tituly a učebnicemi vydanými od roku 1997. Nejlépe jsou vybaveny učebnice od nakladatelství Fortuna (Kociánová, 1997; Dytrtová, 2003) a publikace SPN (Milec a kol., 1981), což je jediný z titulů, který má z hlediska sledovaného ukazatele srovnatelné hodnoty s novějšími učebnicemi. Nejnižší didaktická vybavenost byla determinována u publikace SPN (Strumhaus, 1962), která byla rovněž nejstarším porovnávaným titulem. Celkově nejmenší průměrné zastoupení analyzovaných prvků má aparát využití obrazových komponentů.
Antioxidant activity and Cytotoxic evaluation of Phytofabricated Silver Nanoparticles of Fig (Ficus mollis Vahl)
Authors: Ramakrishna Kuruba , Savithramma Nataru
Published: May 2023

The present study aimed to evaluate Antioxidant and Cytotoxic activity of phytofabricated silver nanoparticles (FmF-AgNPs) derived from Figs of Ficus mollis. This green synthesized FmF-AgNPs were tested for antioxidant activity with DPPH assay and cytotoxicity activity against MCF-7 (Human breast adenocarcinoma cell lines) with MTT assay at various concentrations. The data obtained demonstrated that FmF-AgNPs posses both antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity activity which is dosage-dependent. In conclusion, results obtained revealed the potent therapeutic value of phytofabricated silver nanoparticles (FmF-AgNPs) can act as potent antioxidant and anticancer agent.
The Sparkling Flower of Poetry on the Realism of Cruelty: A Chinese Reading in the Pluralism of Palestinian Identity in the Poetry of Mahmoud Darwish
Authors: Tang Jun
Published: May 2023

Mahmoud Darwish (1941-2008) is regarded as the Palestinian national poet, and the leader of Palestinian resistance poetry. The Chinese version of his poetry collection A Lover From Palestine was published in 2016, then republished in 2020. In the eyes of Chinese researchers and admirers of poetry and Arabic literature in China, Mahmoud Darwish has long been aware of the Palestinian identity crisis under the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, and endeavored, through his abundant works, to implement a dynamic poetic construction of the Palestinian national cultural identity, in order to unite, to maintain, and to expand Palestinian national identity on one hand, and to document and inherit Palestinian cultural legacy on the other hand. This paper, based on Darwish’s work, tries to explore the poet’s considerations of Palestinian national identity crisis, and his faith of the poetry’s indispensable role to build up the national cultural identity from three aspects: his awareness of the identity crisis, his poetic construction of a multiidentity, and his strategy of defending it. Thus the poet made a great effort to document, defend and expand the Palestinian authentic, multidimensional identity in his immortal work.
Blown-up toric surfaces with non-polyhedral effective cone
Authors: Castravet Ana-Maria , Laface Antonio , Tevelev Jenia , Ugaglia Luca
Published: May 2023

We construct projective toric surfaces whose blow-up at a general point has a non-polyhedral pseudo-effective cone.
As a consequence, we prove that the pseudo-effective cone of the Grothendieck–Knudsen moduli space

M
¯

0
,
n

\overline{M}_{0,n}

of stable rational curves is not polyhedral for

n
≥
10

n\geq 10

.
These results hold both in characteristic 0 and in characteristic 𝑝, for all primes 𝑝.
Many of these toric surfaces are related to an interesting class of arithmetic threefolds that we call arithmetic elliptic pairs of infinite order.
Our analysis relies on tools of arithmetic geometry and Galois representations in the spirit of the Lang–Trotter conjecture, producing toric surfaces whose blow-up at a general point has a non-polyhedral pseudo-effective cone in characteristic 0 and in characteristic 𝑝, for an infinite set of primes 𝑝 of positive density.
Relations between timescales of stochastic thermodynamic observables
Authors: Aghion Erez , Green Jason R.
Published: May 2023

Any real physical process that produces entropy, dissipates energy as heat, or generates mechanical work must do so on a finite timescale. Recently derived thermodynamic speed limits place bounds on these observables using intrinsic timescales of the process. Here, we derive relationships for the thermodynamic speeds for any composite stochastic observable in terms of the timescales of its individual components. From these speed limits, we find bounds on thermal efficiency of stochastic processes exchanging energy as heat and work and bound the rate of entropy change in a system with entropy production and flow. Using the time set by an external clock, we find bounds on the first time to reach any value for the entropy production. As an illustration, we compute these bounds for Brownian particles diffusing in space subject to a constant-temperature heat bath and a time-dependent external force.
Validity of Commercially Available Punch Trackers
Authors: Omcirk Dan , Vetrovsky Tomas , Padecky Jan , Malecek Jan , Tufano James J.
Published: May 2023

Omcirk, D, Vetrovsky, T, Padecky, J, Malecek, J, and Tufano, JJ. Validity of commercially available punch trackers. J Strength Cond Res 37(11): 2273–2281, 2023—This study determined how well data from commercially available punch trackers (Corner, Hykso, and StrikeTec) related to gold-standard velocity and force measures during full-contact punches. In a quasi-randomized order, 20 male subjects performed 6 individual rear straight punches, rear hooks, and rear uppercuts against a wall-mounted force plate. Punch tracker variables were compared with the peak force of the force plate and to the peak (QPV) and mean velocity (QMV) assessed through Qualisys 3-dimensional tracking. For each punch tracker variable, Pearson's correlation coefficient, mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and mean percentage error (MPE) were calculated. There were no strong correlations between punch tracker data and gold-standard force and velocity data. However, Hykso “velocity” was moderately correlated with QMV (r = 0.68, MAPE 0.64, MPE 0.63) and QPV (r = 0.61, MAPE 0.21, MPE −0.06). Corner Power G was moderately correlated with QMV (r = 0.59, MAPE 0.65, MPE 0.58) and QPV (r = 0.58, MAPE 0.27, MPE −0.09), but Corner “velocity” was not. StrikeTec “velocity” was moderately correlated with QMV (r = 0.56, MAPE 1.49, MPE 1.49) and QPV (r = 0.55, MAPE 0.46, MPE 0.43). Therefore, none of the devices fared particularly well for all of their data output, and if not willing to accept any room for error, none of these devices should be used. Nevertheless, these devices and their proprietary algorithms may be updated in the future, which would warrant further investigation.
Performance Comparison of SVM, Naïve Bayes, and KNN Algorithms for Analysis of Public Opinion Sentiment Against COVID-19 Vaccination on Twitter
Authors: Munawaroh Khafifah , Alamsyah Alamsyah
Published: May 2023

The emergence of the COVID-19 virus in 2020 has created a new breakthrough in the form of a vaccine as a solution to slow the spread of the virus. However, the COVID-19 vaccine is considered controversial and invites many people to express their views on various media, one of which is social media Twitter. Using Twitter data on the COVID-19 vaccine, sentiment analysis can be performed. Sentiment analysis aims to evaluate whether the tweet contains a positive sentence or sentiment. In this study, the analysis of sentiments on the COVID-19 vaccine on social media Twitter was carried out using the Support Vector Machine (SVM), Naïve Bayes, and k-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) algorithms. SVM has the advantage of being able to identify hyperplanes that maximize the margins between different sentiments. Meanwhile Naïve Bayes is an algorithm that is simple, fast and produces maximum accuracy with training. The KNN algorithm was chosen because it is superior to noise. The performance of the three classification algorithms will be compared, so that it can be seen which algorithm is better in classifying text mining. Sentiment classification results in this study consist of positive sentiment and sentiment classes. The resulting accuracy value will be a benchmark for finding the best test model in the case of sentiment classification. Based on ten tests, the final result of accuracy and best performance using the SVM algorithm with an accuracy value of 96.3% is obtained. Meanwhile, the Naïve Bayes and KNN algorithms have an accuracy of 94% and 91%, respectively. The high accuracy results are supported by the feature extraction TF-IDF the TextBlob library.
Prediction of Life Expectancy of Lung Cancer Patients Post Thoracic Surgery using K-Nearest Neighbors and Bat Algorithm
Authors: Arifiansyah Muhamad Nur
Published: May 2023

Lung cancer is one of the deadliest cancers, accounting for 11.6% of cancer diagnoses in the world. Death in lung cancer patients can occur in various ways and one of the treatments for lung cancer patients that can be done is thoracic surgery. Thoracic surgery is generally considered a medium risk procedure, but thoracic surgery has a high risk, one of the risks is that if the patient loses blood which will result in the death of the patient. In this study, the method used to implement predictive life expectancy in post-thoracic surgery patients is the bat algorithm for feature selection and the KNN algorithm for classifying data. The dataset used in this study was obtained from the UCI Machine Learning Repository, namely the thoracic surgery dataset which contains 470 data with 16 attributes. The results of the study in predicting the life expectancy of patients after thoracic surgery were carried out with 3 tests. The first test is testing the population with the best accuracy of 87.23%, the second test is convergent testing with the best accuracy of 87.23% and the third test is the comparison test of KNN which produces the best accuracy of 87.23%. The bat algorithm succeeded in increasing the accuracy of the KNN classification by 5.23% from 81.91%.
Detection of the Use of Masks as an Effort to Prevent Covid-19 Using Gray Level Co-Occurrence Matrix (GLCM) Based on Learning Vector Quantization (LVQ)
Authors: Pamungkas Teguh
Published: May 2023

Covid-19 is a disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Transmission of Covid-19 can be through the flow of air (aerosol), splashes of liquid (droplets). One of the prevention efforts to break the chain of transmission is to use a mask when interacting with other people. Monitoring and controlling the use of masks will be safer and more efficient when implementing a mask detection system. This study will analyze GLCM for extraction method and LVQ for classification method. The results of GLCM successfully provide statistical features that represent image characteristics well. While the LVQ can provide classification results with a good percentage of accuracy. The results of the best percentage accuracy for the first rank are 83.15% in the composition ratio of 90: 10. Furthermore, the percentage of accuracy for the second rank is 76.03% at the composition ratio of 70: 30 and the third rank is 72.47% at the composition ratio of 80: 20. This indicates that the composition more training data does not guarantee the level of achievement of a higher percentage of accuracy. There is an optimal maximum number of epochs where the number of epochs that exceeds the optimal number of epochs will not experience a change in the percentage of accuracy. For each value the learning rate (alpha) can give the results of the percentage of accuracy with different graphic patterns and will stop at the optimal maximum number of epochs.
Electric Vehicle Routing Problem with Fuzzy Time Windows using Genetic Algorithm and Tabu Search
Authors: Syafrizal Wahyu , Sugiharti Endang
Published: May 2023

The distribution of goods becomes a very calculated thing in the economic aspect, especially in the case of wide and complex distribution. The greater the range of distribution of goods, the more precise, fast, and accurate calculations are needed. Specifically, the calculation of the distribution required starts from mileage, total travel time, customer satisfaction level based on customer time windows, and operational costs. Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) is a solution to the problem of distributing goods from the depot to its customers. This study aims to determine the optimal route. The methods used for VRP optimization are the Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Tabu Search (TS) methods. Fuzzy logic is used to provide leeway on the limitations of the time windows parameters, thus providing a time tolerance in the event of early arrival of the vehicle or delay in delivery. Data processing using the GA-TS combination was carried out as many as two types of trials, namely trials with the same dataset ten times and trials with various types of datasets ten times. The results of the first trial fitness value on E-VRPFTW average increased by 14.39% compared to the results of the E-VRPTW fitness value that did not use fuzzy. The results of the second trial also experienced an average increase of 8.49% compared to the results of the E-VRPTW fitness value that did not use fuzzy. Therefore, the addition of fuzzy logic has an effect in determining the optimum route of E-VRPTW.
Sentiment Analysis of student on Online Lectured During Covid-19 Pandemic Using K-Means and Naïve Bayes Classifier
Authors: Affandi Yusuf , Sugiharti Endang
Published: May 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic that occurred at the end of 2019 caused life changes, one of which was the learning process in universities. in accordance with the instructions issued by the Minister of Education as an effort to prevent the spread of Covid-19 by conducting online learning.  Learning that is carried out online with a long period of time there are many obstacles such as networks and learning processes that are not optimal.  Thus, students have mixed opinions on online lectures.  Twiter is one of the social media used by students in expressing opinions on online lectures.  The sentiment that users write on Twitter has not been determined in a more positive or negative direction.  Sentiment analysis is needed to determine the tendency of student opinions towards online lectures.  In this study, a sentiment analysis of online lectures was carried out using the K-Means and Naïve Bayes Classifier methods.  The K-Means method is used to perform labeling or clustering and the Naïve Bayes Classifier is used as the classification.  Based on research conducted with testing the Naïve Bayes Classifier model with a 70% division of training data and 30% test data using matrix confussion resulted in an accuracy of 95.67%.
The Influence of Recommendation System Quality on E-commerce Customer Loyalty with Cognition Affective Behavior Theory
Authors: Nurdin Alya Aulia , Abidin Zaenal
Published: May 2023

The high number of internet users and the growth of e-commerce make it important for companies or businesses that provide e-commerce services to know the quality of their services to increase customer trust and loyalty. In addition, with the proliferation of e-commerce, there is more information related to available products, sometimes it also causes problems that users feel confused and frustrated to sort out information and make purchase decisions. In some e-commerce, there is already a recommendation system that makes it easier for users to make their choice. This study aims to find out what factors affect customer loyalty to Shopee e-commerce as well as test how much influence the quality of Shopee's e-commerce recommendation system have on customer loyalty with user trust as mediation variables. This research uses a quantitative approach using cognition affective behavior theory. Data collection in this study was carried out by distributing questionnaires through Google forms with purposive sampling techniques.  A total of 356 respondents have participated in the study. The obtained data were analyzed with partial least squares – structural equation model (PLS-SEM). From the results of the analysis, seven hypotheses exist. All independent variables affect dependent variables. It was found that recommendation quality (RQ) can affect directly on the LO or indirectly through the trust mediation variable (TR).
Heart Disease Diagnosis Using Tsukamoto Fuzzy Method
Authors: Hakim M. Faris Al , Fajriati Nafa , Pratama Rizka Nur
Published: May 2023

As one of the leading causes of death in the world, heart disease needs special attention. Heart disease often causes sudden death because the signs of a heart attack are not easy to detect.   However, early detection efforts can still be pursued and continue to be carried out, especially using information technology. This study aims to diagnose the risk level of heart disease using Tsukamoto method and involving 11 input variables such as cholesterol, blood pressure, ECG, and others. At the same time, the output variables include healthy, small, medium, large, and very large. The stages of the method consist of four main processes, namely literature review, fuzzy inference system design, applying of Tsukamoto fuzzy, and evaluation. The research concluded that the fuzzy logic of the Tsukamoto method can be used to diagnose the risk level of heart disease, although the model performance is still limited to an accuracy value of 58%.