bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of Interactive E-Workbook Based on Peer-Led Team Learning on Collaboration Skills and Critical Thinking in Basic Chemistry Concept
Authors: Rahayu Ayu , Ilimu Edi , Adewia Musdalifatul
Published: January 2023

Many students struggle to understand chemistry because it is abstract, conceptual, and involves numerous mathematical operations. Collaboration skills are needed for students to develop collaborative and critical thinking as part of 21st century life skills. This study aims to develop an interactive e-workbook based on PLTL (Peer-Led Team Learning) that meets the criteria of being valid, practical, and effective against collaboration and critical thinking skills. This research is an ADDIE-based development research with analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages. Limited trials were conducted on students in basic chemistry classes. The validation results show that e-workbook is valid, practical, and effective. The results of limited trial showed that collaboration skills improved in the good category with average score is 75%, and critical thinking skills improved in the medium category with average score is 0.33. It shows that the interactive e-workbook based on the PLTL model can improve collaboration and critical thinking skills and can be used to solve problems in group discussions with the help of an expert leader.
Ethnoscience-Based Module: Biodiversity Materials in Lembak Tribe
Authors: Walid Ahmad , Winarni Endang Widi , Yanti Fitri April , Firdaus M. Lutfi , Suherman Suherman , Zulkarnain Zulkarnain
Published: January 2023

Efforts to conserve plants and documentation of related local knowledge in the Dendam Tak Sudah Lake, Dusun Besar Village, Bengkulu City area are important to carry out and introduce to students. The study aims to synthesize the biodiversity material modules developed to identify the types of medicinal plants found in Dusun Besar Village. Thiagarajan's development model section is define, design, develop, and disseminate. Identification, synthesis, feasibility, response, and analysis data were obtained as research data. The module was piloted in five elementary schools in Bengkulu City. The study found 20 types of medicinal plants, including the most commonly used hereditary species in the Lembak community. The validation results show that the criteria are very valid, with an expert validator value of 85%. The module also received an excellent response rate of 82%. Therefore, the biodiversity material modules are very attractive, feasible, and effective for learning biodiversity materials in elementary schools.
Design of Science Process Skill-Based Intertextual Learning on Reaction Kinetics Concept
Authors: Fatihah Jihan Assyifa , Widhiyanti Tuszie , Mulyani Sri , Wiji Wiji , Yuliani Galuh
Published: January 2023

The study aims to design an intertextual learning strategy with Predict-observe-explain (POE) to develop students' science process skills. The research method is Research and Development (R&D) consist of material analysis, developing indicators of science process skills, and developing learning designs. The learning design was validated by five experts. Based on experts’ suggestion, intertextual-based learning activities involving three levels of chemical representation with POE learning steps to build the concept of the effect of the nature of the reactant and catalyst on reaction rates and develop students' science process skills. The strategy consists of five phenomena which are followed by three experiments and two videos as observation tools for the student. The explanation stages are guided by sets of guiding questions that involve multi-representation levels in that explanation. The product of this research is expected to be used as an alternative learning strategy that can be used by teachers to minimize the possibility of misconceptions that occur, increase mastery of concepts, and students' science process skills.
Development of Intertextual-Based E-Book on the Concept of Buffer Solution
Authors: Dewi Nur Sehasari
Published: January 2023

Students are necessary to understand macroscopic, sub-microscopic, and symbolic representations levels in buffer solution concept. The research aims to develop the intertextual-based e-book on the concept of buffer solution. The study is part of the research and development plan for creating teaching materials. Stages of research are conducted as follows research and information collecting, planning, and developing the preliminary form of product. Based on the result, the product of teaching material has characteristic, which is connecting the three levels of chemical representation on the buffer solution concept. Due to their visualization character and multiple representational relationship, interactive e-books demonstrate the power and value of modeling, learning, and assessment perspectives. Intertextual e-books potential to be implemented as teaching materials in buffer solution concepts.
EFISIENSI SALURAN PEMASARAN IKAN LAYANG (Decapterus russelli) HASIL PENANGKAPAN PURSE SEINE DI PPN SIBOLGA
Authors: Hutajulu Jerry , Berasa Ade Pratama , Nurlaela Eli , Mualim Rahmat , Choerudin Hery , Sumarno Talim , Syamsudin Syarif
Published: January 2023

Daerah tujuan pemasaran ikan layang yang merupakan hasil tangkapan Purse Seine dan didaratkan di Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara Sibolga meliputi wilayah di sekitar Kota Sibolga, wilayah Tapanuli Tengah, wilayah Tapanuli Utara, wilayah Tapanuli Selatan dan termasuk juga dalam pasar ekspor. Pemasaran ikan layang di Sibolga sangat bergantung terhadap lembaga pemasarannya  yang melakukan kegiatan pemasaran komoditas tersebut. Lembaga pemasaran sangat mempengaruhi harga ikan layang dimana dapat dilihat dari saluran distribusi dan fungsi pemasaran yang terbentuk dan dilakukan oleh lembaga  pemasaran. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pola pemasaran, pembagian hasil dan tingkat efisiensi pemasaran komoditas ikan layang yang ditangkap menggunakan alat penangkap ikan Purse Seine kemudian didaratkan di PPN Sibolga dengan menggunakan analisis fisherman share dan efisiensi pemasaran. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tanggal 18 Maret sampai 30 Mei tahun 2022. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu analisis fisherman share untuk mengetahui pembagian hasil penangkapan ikan layang serta analisis efisiensi pemasaran untuk mengetahui tingkat efisiensi pemasarannya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, terdapat empat pola saluran pemasaran ikan layang yang didaratkan di PPN Sibolga, yaitu (1) pengepul, (2) pengepul – pengecer pasal lokal, (3) pengepul – pedagang grosir, dan (4) pedagang grosir – pengecer luar. Nilai Fisherman share setiap saluran pemasaran pada musim puncak, peralihan dan musim paceklik dinyatakan efisien karena memiliki nilai diatas 50%. Tingkat efisiensi pemasaran pada musim puncak, peralihan dan musim paceklik diketahui bahwa hanya saluran pemasaran keempat (pedagang grosir – pengecer luar) yang tidak efisien karena memiliki efisiensi pemasaran diatas 5%.
DIVERSIFIKASI PENGOLAHAN KERANG HIJAU (Perna viridis) SEBAGAI TAMBAHAN SUMBER PROTEIN PADA PRODUK TORTILLA
Authors: Nurbani Siti Zachro , Afifah Rufnia Ayu , Handayani Putri Nila
Published: January 2023

Potensi produksi kerang hijau di Kabupaten Tangerang sangat melimpah. Namun, potensi ini belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Diversifikasi pengolahan kerang hijau (Perna viridis) menjadi produk Tortilla merupakan upaya untuk meningkatkan konsumsi kerang masyarakat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan mutu produk dan tingkat kesukaan pada Tortilla kerang hijau. Kerang hijau segar didapatkan dari Desa Ketapang Kabupaten Tangerang. Proses pembuatan Tortilla, daging kerang rebus dihaluskan dan dicampurkan (0%, 6,25%, 12,5%, 18,75%, 25%,) dengan jagung, tapioka, terigu, bawang putih, margarin, daun jeruk, gula, kaldu bubuk, penyedap rasa, pengembang kue, pewarna makanan warna kuning dan air hingga membentuk adonan kemudian dibentuk dan digoreng selama 2 menit. Tortilla selanjutnya diuji mutu kimia (kadar air, protein, abu, lemak, dan karbohidrat), mutu mikrobiologi (angka lempeng total), dan hedonik. Hasil pengujian proksimat menunjukkan bahwa kadar air tertinggi didapatkan dari Tortilla dengan penambahan 18,75%, kadar protein tertinggi didapatkan dari Tortilla dengan penambahan 18,75%, dan 25% kadar lemak tertinggi didapatkan dari Tortilla dengan penambahan 12,5%, kadar karbohidrat tertinggi didapatkan dari Tortilla dengan penambahan 25%, sedangkan tidak ada perbedaan signifikan untuk kadar abu pada Tortilla yang ditambahkan daging kerang dengan berbagai perlakuan. Hasil pengujian hedonik didapatkan bahwa produk yang paling disukai konsumen adalah pada Tortilla dengan penambahan daging kerang sebanyak 6,25%. Nilai angka lempeng total dari produk Tortilla menunjukkan hasil yang tidak berbeda nyata dari semua perlakuan penambahan kerang. Semakin tinggi penambahan daging kerang pada produk Tortilla meningkatkan kadar protein produk. Namun, tingkat kesukaan menurun seiring dengan penambahan daging kerang pada produk Tortilla.
PENDAMPINGAN KELOMPOK PENANGKAPAN IKAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN MUTU IKAN HASIL TANGKAPAN DI KECAMATAN IV JURAI, KABUPATEN PESISIR SELATAN, PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT
Authors: Zaidy Azam Bachrur , Nurfitriana Nia , Yulita Syafriana
Published: January 2023

Kecamatan IV Jurai mempunyai potensi perikanan yang besar dalam sektor penangkapan ikan. Penyuluhan perikanan sangat berperan penting dalam kegiatan perikanan tangkap, sehingga nelayan mampu memahami dan menerapkan penanganan ikan hasil tangkapan menggunakan es serta fungsi kelompok sebagai wadah proses pembelajaran dan kerjasama antar anggota serta instansi terkait. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan, sikap, dan keterampilan nelayan dalam penanganan ikan hasil tangkapan, sehingga terjadi peningkatan harga jual ikan serta meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap nelayan dalam fungsi kelompok sebagai wadah belajar. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 7 Maret hingga 9 juni 2022 yang berlokasi di Kecamatan IV Jurai, Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan, Provinsi Sumatera Barat dengan metode penentuan responden secara purposive sampling melalui anggota kelompok KUB Samudera Abadi. Data primer berupa evaluasi penyuluhan pre test dan post test, ciri ikan segar, harga jual ikan, dan jenis kegiatan kelompok sebagai wadah belajar serta data sekunder berupa data dari stakeholder terkait. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan dalam penanganan ikan hasil tangkapan nelayan dengan menggunakan es serta terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan dan sikap dalam fungsi kelompok sebagai wahana belajar serta nelayan telah membuktikan dapat lebih bekerja sama, berinteraksi dan mengenal satu dengan yang lain untuk mencapai tujuan bersama dan memandang mereka sebagai bagian dari kelompok tersebut. Peningkatan harga jual ikan hingga ke tangan konsumen terjadi karena penanganan ikan yang baik di atas kapal, sehingga berpengaruh terhadap kualitas hasil tangkapan nelayan.
MANAJEMEN USAHA PENGOLAHAN MODERN HASIL PERIKANAN DI UMKM DAPUR SAUJA KECAMATAN TAMBUN SELATAN KABUPATEN BEKASI TIMUR PROVINSI JAWA BARAT
Authors: Alvionita Bunga , Sunaryo Ade , Nuraini Yenni
Published: January 2023

Produksi hasil perikanan modern merupakan kegiatan yang mentransformasikan bahan-bahan hasil perikanan secara modern sebagai input menjadi produk yang memiliki nilai ekonomi lebih tinggi sebagai outputnya. Penelitian Lapang di laksanakan di UMKM Dapur Sauja, Kecamatan Tambun Selatan, Kabupaten Bekasi Timur, Provinsi Jawa Barat. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan beberapa metode yaitu wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. UMKM Dapur Sauja memproduksi olahan ikan tenggiri menjadi berbagai produk perikanan seperti pempek dan tekwan yang merupakan cemilan khas Palembang. Total biaya investasi pada pengolahan pempek dan tekwan ikan tenggiri sebesar Rp.92.241.000. Total biaya produksi pempek Rp.41.008.203, didapatkan dari jumlah biaya tetap Rp.17.140.203 dan biaya variabel Rp.23.868.000. Sedangkan total biaya produksi tekwan Rp.40.891.203, didapatkan dari jumlah biaya tetap Rp.17.140.203 dan biaya variabel Rp.23.751.000. Pendapatan per bulan dari masing-masing produk sebesar Rp.58.500.000 dan Rp.52.650.000. Keuntungan per bulan yang diterima dari masing-masing produk sebesar Rp.17.491.979 dan Rp.11.758.797. Hasil perhitungan Payback Period diperoleh angka 0,4 dan 0,6. Jadi, jangka waktu untuk dapat mengembalikan biaya investasi selama 4,8 bulan dan 7,2 bulan. Perhitungan ROI yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa dalam Rp.100 modal yang diinvestasikan akan menghasilkan keuntungan masing-masing sebesar 42% dan 28%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan usaha pengolahan hasil perikanan modern UMKM Dapur Sauja menguntungkan dan layak untuk diteruskan.
Antyjapońskie resentymenty i nacjonalizm reakcyjny w Korei Południowej
Authors:   Uniwersytet Łódzki, Beczkowska Joanna
Published: January 2023

Understanding the importance of Japan’s place in the South Korean nationalism helps to explain the causes of contemporary conflicts between Seoul and Tokyo. The power of the anti-Japanese resentments in South Korea can surprise outside observers who do not take into account the importance of nationalism. While everyday anti-Japanese resentments may go unnoticed, they are reproduced by “banal” nationalism. Due to this, they can be used for national mobilization at any time. This research examines South Korean nationalism based on anti- Japanese resentments, which can now be described as reactivist nationalism. This concept is proposed in our text to describe the change in the function of Korean nationalism based on anti-Japanese resentments while still putting Japan (or rather, a certain rhetorical vision of Japan as a colonizer) in the role of the Significant Other. Anti-Japanese resentments began to function as a means of mobilizing the nation in response not only to Japanese actions, seen as provocations, but also to express the people’s dissatisfaction with their own government (by linking authoritarian rule with the legacy of the colonial period). Understanding the role of anti-Japanese resentment is a key to assessing South Korea’s decisions, both domestically and internationally.
Wyzwania i kierunki aktywności administracji prezydenta Yoon Suk Yeola
Authors:   Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, Strnad Grażyna
Published: January 2023

The purpose of the article is to describe the 2022 South Korean presidential election against the backdrop of a paradigm shift and to show the challenges and directions of Yoon Suk Yeol’s new administration. The author focuses on the research problems present in the new South Korean politics. Elements of change and continuity, which were also present in previous administrations are highlighted. In May 2022, Yoon Suk Yeol was sworn into the South Korea’s highest office. Yoon’s win in the presidential election ended a trend in which a decade of progressive rule was followed by a change to conservative rule. Since 1998, progressive and conservative presidents have alternated every two terms. The minimal difference in votes in favor of the conservative candidate reflected the divisions and social preferences of Koreans who favored a change from progressive to conservative government. The results of the 2022 presidential election revealed the polarization of South Korean society. Yoon will face a series of difficult challenges. In domestic politics, he must confront the housing crisis, widespread dissatisfaction with economic inequality, and generational tensions, among other issues. Yoon will also be challenged by the parliamentary majority currently held by the Democratic Party in the National Assembly. In foreign policy, South Korea’s new president advocates strengthening the alliance with the United States and cooperation with the Quad countries; he promises to improve relations with Japan, and to take steps toward South Korea playing a greater role in the world. In his inter-Korean policy, on the other hand, Yoon follows the traditional position of the conservatives, pledging to strengthen a policy of deterrence against acts of aggression and provocation by North Korea.
Szczątki ludzkie w azjatyckich muzeach a prawa ludności rdzennej
Authors:   Śląska Izba Lekarska w Katowicach, Pilarz Łukasz
Published: January 2023

The work concerns the restitution of museum remains as a special cultural asset found in archaeological museums. The research problem concerns reverence towards human remains constituting museum exhibits on the example of Singapore museums. This type of museum inventory has become the subject of intensified restitution activities on the part of tribal minorities, indigenous peoples, who claim the right to them based on the right to worship after their deceased ancestors, the right to protect cultural, religious, and traditional heritage. Such law is based particularly on the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. The research objective focuses, first of all, on the legal grounds resulting from the Declaration, and secondly, on the analysis of the inventory of selected Singaporean museums, which contain exhibits that are human remains in their collections. The main research hypothesis focuses on the statement that Singapore, as one of the few Asian countries, maintains a special regime of pietism towards the deceased, which is manifested in the way of treating and storing human remains as museum exhibits. It may be due to the country’s cultural conditions on the one hand, and religious and legal conditions on the other. That, in turn, translates into the approach of museums to restitution claims, which are increasingly being put forward by representatives of indigenous peoples in connection with the return of the remains of their deceased ancestors. These claims find their legal basis in acts of international law and collective human rights. Therefore, the work answers the questions whether museums in Singapore duly respect international law in protecting human remains and the rights of indigenous peoples, and how this translates into reverence for this type of exhibits in museum practices in connection with ICOM regulations.
Challenges of Local Senior Policy and Problems of the Elderly During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Face of Deinstitutionalisation of Social Services
Authors:   University of Gdańsk (Poland), Kubiak Michał Marcin
Published: January 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic affected the elderly in a special way. On the one hand, it contributed to the increase in health deficits and those related to social isolation. On the other hand, it also had a significant impact on the level and methods of support provided to seniors. The pandemic situation turned out to be a particular challenge for local governments and non-governmental organisations operating in various areas of senior policy. The general aim of the article was to analyse the state’s initiatives aimed at counteracting the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic addressed to seniors and examples of activities of the local government and the civil sector cooperating with it for the benefit of this group of people. In turn, the specific objective was to identify and understand the greatest difficulties that seniors had during the pandemic and the role played by the non-governmental organisation (both during the pandemic and as an entity of potential support in the future, which was particularly interesting given the European Union promoting services provided in the local environment). In connection with the specific objective, qualitative research was carried out using the in-depth interview method. The interviews were based on scripts that concerned four areas: problems and experiences of the elderly during the pandemic, help and support, communication, health, and well-being.
DESEMPENHO ACADÊMICO DE ESTUDANTES DO CURSO DE FARMÁCIA EM DOIS MODELOS DE ENSINO: TRADICIONAL E ATIVO
Authors: Ribeiro Mayara de Almeida Lima , Brito Giselle de Carvalho , Teixeira-Machado Lavínia
Published: January 2023

As Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCN’s) do Curso de Graduação Farmácia estão estruturadas pelo desenvolvimento de competências no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Este estudo traz como questão norteadora qual metodologia de ensino contribui para melhores índices acadêmicos e melhor desempenho estudantil? Este estudo de caráter exploratório, de abordagem quantitativa e com delineamento documental compilou informações acerca dos índices acadêmicos dos estudantes do curso de Farmácia da XXX, no período de 2015 a 2019, nos dois modelos de ensino: ativo (MA) e tradicional (MT). Foram documentados 357 concludentes, sendo 115 estudantes concluíram sua formação em MA e 242 em MT, com predominância do sexo feminino (76,19%), faixa etária entre 20 e 30 anos (64,43%). No quesito tempo de conclusão, estudantes em MA apresentaram menor tempo de conclusão, ao passo que estudantes do MT obtiveram melhores índices de desempenho individual (p<0,002), e a média de curso (MC) de ambos modelos acima de 7. Em relação aos indicadores acadêmicos por curso, as taxas de retenção foram MA (4,8%) e MT (15,5%), taxas de evasão MA (13,1%), e MT (5,48%), taxas de sucesso MA (44,44%) e MT (50,65%). Em relação ao desempenho dos estudantes no ENADE, tanto para formação geral quanto específica, MA e MT apresentaram médias superiores à média nacional, com conceito 4 para ambos modelos de ensino. São necessários estudos mais detalhados para subsidiar gerenciamento pedagógico e administrativo dos cursos de Farmácia ofertados nas instituições de ensino superior públicas.
MODULATION OF RECIRCULATION ZONE BEHIND A CUBICAL OBSTRUCTION BY THE VERTICALLY PLACED TURBULENT MULTIJETS IN THE FORM OF SHOWER
Authors: Bhukta Manas Kumar , Singh Santosh Kumar , Debnath Koustuv , Majumder Snehamoy
Published: January 2023

The present numerical work reports the application of jets for modulating and eradicating the recirculation zone in the wake region behind a fully submerged two-dimensional square cross-section bluff body for high Reynolds number flow. The wake region of the bluff body is characterized by a strong recirculation zone and vortex shedding, leading to unwanted vortex-induced vibrations that may instigate structural damage. Jets of varying Reynolds number and center-to-center distance are explored to look into the most effective jet Reynolds number and jet spread in completely modulating the recirculation region. The numerical simulation is based on a two-phase volume-of-fluid model with open channel boundary conditions. The standard k-ω SST two-equation turbulence model is applied to close the time-averaged-momentum and continuity equations. The negative mean streamwise velocity signifies the recirculation region, and streamline contour plots are made to identify it. The variation in discharge velocity of the jet series is carried out for reallocation or complete disappearance of the recirculation region.
REMOTE SENSING IN THE WAVE COMPLEX WITH CRITICALLY SMALL SIZES: RESULTS OF MULTI-FREQUENCY REMOTE SENSING OF PURE WATER
Authors: Uzlenkov Alexandr V. , Lyubitsky A. A.
Published: January 2023

The article presents the results of remote sensing of disturbances in the small-sizes wave complex. The term "small sizes" means that water surface is critically small for the energy-carrying waves and radar spot. The results are obtained by use of the multi-frequency Doppler radar for gravitational waves, wind waves, and their mixture on pure water surface. The agreement of presented results with theoretical and semi-empirical models is discussed. Observed anomalies of scattering are described and interpreted. The numerical modeling of the scattering was carried out to clarify the spectra structure. A degradation of resonant properties of scattering in this installation is considered and quantified. The space of compliance of the laboratory and in situ conditions is discussed.
Civil engineering organisations must mitigate cyber risks to protect infrastructure
Authors: MacLeod Alastair
Published: January 2023

Civil engineering organisations, particularly those operating critical infrastructure, are increasingly prone to attacks from cyber criminals. Alastair MacLeod of satellite communications specialist Ground Control examines how best to mitigate these potentially very damaging risks.
All civil engineers need to step up and engage with climate change
Authors: Howells Keith
Published: January 2023

This is an abridged transcript of the inaugural address of Keith Howells, who became the 158th President of the Institution of Civil Engineers on 1 November 2022. His pre-recorded video address included a short film and is available on the ICE website.
Sustainability in geotechnical engineering: what does it mean and why does that matter?
Authors: von der Tann Loretta , Basu Dipanjan , Ritter Stefan , Capellen Paul Sverdrup , Størdal Ingvild Fladvad
Published: January 2023

The aspiration to act in a more sustainable manner has become a guiding principle across many aspects of life. Yet sustainability is still often perceived as poorly defined, and there are diverse opinions on what the implications of sustainability for the everyday practice of geotechnical engineers are. Against this background, this paper presents a survey conducted at the Norwegian Geotechnical Institute at the beginning of 2021 that engaged a group of geotechnical engineers with the fundamental question as to how the concept of sustainability relates to geotechnical engineering. The Q methodology, a mixed-method approach, was applied to analyse different perspectives on sustainability in geotechnical engineering as inferred from the survey results. Three distinct perspectives were revealed that have a focus on (a) striving a balance between human action and nature, (b) mitigating the adverse impacts of geotechnical projects and (c) reducing resource use. Two of the perspectives considered the development of sustainability assessment tools as the most relevant means of working towards sustainable geotechnical practices, while the third perspective considered multidisciplinary collaboration and research as more important. Reflection on these perspectives can help the development of future tools and strategies, provide a direction for future research and contribute to a more sustainable geotechnical engineering practice.
Shear behaviour of peat at different stress levels
Authors: Wang Di , Li Zili
Published: January 2023

Consolidated undrained triaxial compression tests were conducted from 1.65 m depth subjected to stress levels of 10.4–40.5 kPa. The results showed that most test data failed to reach the tension cut-off line (q/p′ = 3). For peat, the membrane correction effect on peat shear resistance was strain dependent – generally small within 10% shear strain, but significant above 10% shear strain. A critical state line for peat was determined based on the maximum curvature approach. Of the data recorded for peat, 78% fell within the range 30–60°, increasing to 90.4% when ignoring points lower than 10 kPa. Organic content (OC) also had an effect on the shear behaviour. For OC > 75%, the deviator stress behaved like an organic soil; otherwise, the peat behaved more like a mineral soil. In peat samples with OC > 75%, the direct shear box test gives higher estimates of shear strength than the triaxial shear test, but which are not necessarily accurate – the mechanism of direct shear acts only at the centre of a specimen, while triaxial shear can shear throughout the specimen.
Postpartum contraception counseling and uptake in an uninsured population
Authors: Barr Emma , Walter Alka , Wendt Linder , Rysavy Mary
Published: January 2023

Objective: Assess postpartum contraceptive preferences and use before and after implementation of interventions to improve contraceptive counseling at a free clinic for uninsured pregnant patients. Methods: This was a pre- and post-intervention observational study in Iowa City, Iowa, that included patients from February 2019 – December 2021. Multilingual educational charts and an electronic medical record (EMR) template reminder to prompt antenatal contraceptive discussion were implemented in April 2021. Results: There were 117 pre-intervention patients and 33 post-intervention. Prior to the intervention, 30% of patients had no documentation of contraceptive counseling; afterward, 3% had no documentation (p=.001). Thirty-three percent of patients obtained highly or moderately effective contraception prior to the interventions and 52% did after (p=.068). Conclusions: Multi-lingual educational handouts and an EMR template reminder were associated with increased postpartum contraceptive counseling; contraceptive use also generally increased with the interventions. Increasing access to contraceptive education may increase contraceptive autonomy in underserved populations.
Estabilidad de tensión y compensación electrónica en sistemas eléctricos de potencia usando herramientas de simulación
Authors: Campaña M. , Masache P. , Inga E. , Carrión D.
Published: January 2023

El aumento de la demanda en los distintos sistemas eléctricos de potencia (SEP) tiene un impacto negativo en la estabilidad de la tensión, la confiabilidad y la calidad del suministro eléctrico. El perfil de tensión disminuye cuando las unidades de generación no son capaces de suministrar potencia reactiva al sistema eléctrico en los momentos que se requiere. Con el desarrollo de la electrónica de potencia y los complejos sistemas de control, se han podido introducir dispositivos de sistemas flexibles de transmisión de corriente alterna (FACTS, del inglés Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System). En este artículo se analiza en detalle el impacto que genera la introducción de un tipo de FACTS que permite la compensación de potencia reactiva en el SEP. Además, se analizará una metodología para decidir la capacidad del compensador síncrono estático (STATCOM, del inglés Static Synchronous Compensator) y su ubicación óptima con la ejecución de flujos de potencia continuos (FPC). Finalmente, se estudiará el impacto positivo de la instalación de un control estabilizador de potencia (PSS, del inglés Power System Stabilizer) para asegurar la estabilidad de tensión en el SEP. Este artículo se desarrolla utilizando el sistema base IEEE de 14 barras bajo dos modelos matemáticos para el cálculo del flujo de potencia desarrollados en el software Matlab, que son: i) utilizando las ecuaciones de balance de potencia y ii) Newton Raphson con el toolbox de MATLAB (PSAT, del inglés Power System Analysis Toolbox).
Kullanılmış ve yeni Revo-S nikel titanyum eğelerin döngüsel yorgunluk dirençlerinin karşılaştırılması
Authors: SÜRME Koray , AKMAN Hayri , BÜYÜKÖZER ÖZKAN Hatice , ER Kürşat
Published: January 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, yapay kanallar kullanılarak yeni ve kullanılmış Revo-S nikel titanyum döner eğe sisteminin döngüsel yorgunluk (DY) dirençlerinin karşılaştırılmasıdır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Her gruptan 12 adet olmak üzere toplam 72 adet yeni ve 2 defa klinikte kullanılmış Revo-S SC1 (25/.06), Revo-S SC2 (25/.04) ve Revo-S SU (25/.06) eğeler çalışmaya dahil edildi. DY direnci testleri için iç çapı 1.5 mm olan, 60° eğrilik açısı ve 5 mm eğrilik yarıçapına sahip olan kavisli bir yapay kanal içeren paslanmaz çelik blok kullanıldı. Deney sistemi distile su ile dolduruldu ve ortam sıcaklığı 35 ± 1 °C sıcaklıkta sabit tutuldu. Eğeler kırılma gerçekleşene kadar yapay kanal içinde çalıştırıldı. Her eğe için kırılma gerçekleşene kadar geçen süre kronometre ile kaydedildi ve eğelerin kırılıncaya kadar yaptıkları tur sayısı hesaplandı. Elde edilen veriler tek yönlü varyans analizi ve post-hoc Tukey testi kullanılarak değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Eğelerin kırılıncaya kadar yaptığı ortalama tur sayısı en yüksek yeni SC2 eğe grubunda (912.3 ± 76.8), en düşük ise kullanılmış SU eğe grubunda (204.2 ± 59.6) bulundu. SC1 ve SC2 eğeler için yeni ve kullanılmış eğeler arasında DY direnci açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark gözlenmez iken (p>0.05), SU eğe grubunda anlamlı bir fark bulundu (p<0.05).
Sonuç: Çalışmamızın sınırlamaları dahilinde; klinik kullanım sonrasında tüm eğelerin DY direncinde azalma olduğu ancak bu azalmanın sadece SU eğe grubunda önemli olduğu bulundu.
Evaluation of orofacial dysfunctions and oral health-related quality of life in children with asthma
Authors: ÇALIK YILMAZ Buket Ceylan , ALACAM Alev
Published: January 2023

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the impact of asthma on oro-facial muscle dysfunction (OFD) and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in children.
Materials and Method: A total of 158 children, 79 diagnosed with asthma and 79 healthy, were included in the study. Children diagnosed with asthma were divided into controlled and uncontrolled asthma groups. The OFD and OHRQoL of all participants were evaluated with Nordic Orofacial Test and Screening (NOT-S) and Child Perception Questionnaire (CPQ8-10). The differences and correlations between the groups were statistically evaluated (Mann-Whitney and Spearman and Chi-Square test).
Results: NOT-S interview, examination, and total scores were statistically higher in the asthma group compared to healthy children and between uncontrolled and controlled asthma groups (p<0.001). Higher scores were obtained in all areas of CPQ8-10 in the asthma group (p<0.001). NOT-S and CPQ8-10 scores elevated compatibly in the groups diagnosed with asthma.
Conclusion: OFD in asthmatic children predicts worse OHRQoL.
Kan kontaminasyonunun farklı kök ucu dolgu materyallerinin dentine bağlanma dayanımına etkisi
Authors: GERÇEKCİOĞLU Şeyma Nur , BAYRAM Melike , BAYRAM Emre
Published: January 2023

Amaç: Bu in vitro çalışmanın amacı, kan kontaminasyonunun farklı kök ucu dolgu materyallerinin dentine bağlanma dayanımına etkisinin değerlendirilmesiydi.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada tek köklü 90 adet maksiler santral diş kullanıldı. Dişlere endodontik tedavi uygulandıktan sonra kök uçları rezeke edildi ve kök ucu kaviteleri hazırlandı. Öncelikle örnekler, kavitelerin kanla kontaminasyonuna göre (+/-) 2 gruba ayrıldı. Daha sonra kök ucu dolgu malzemelerine göre üç alt gruba ayrıldı: MTA Repair HP, RetroMTA, MTA Flow (n=15). Bu malzemeler üreticinin talimatları doğrultusunda kaviteye yerleştirildi. Örnekler 21 gün boyunca 37 °C’de %100 nemli ortamda bekletildi. 1.0±0.1 mm kesitler elde edildikten sonra itme-bağlanma dayanımı testi gerçekleştirildi. Başarısızlık tipini değerlendirmek için her kesit stereomikroskop altında incelendi. Veriler tek yönlü varyans analizi ve bağımsız örneklem t-testi kullanılarak analiz edildi.
Bulgular: Bağlanma dayanımı, kan kontaminasyonunun varlığından önemli ölçüde olumsuz yönde etkilendi (p<0.05). En yüksek bağlanma dayanımı MTA Flow (-) grubunda, en düşük bağlanma dayanımı ise MTA Repair HP (+) grubunda gözlendi (p<0.05). Hem kanla kontamine olan grupta hem de kanla kontamine olmayan grupta MTA Repair HP en düşük bağlanma dayanımını gösterirken (p<0.001), MTA Flow ve RetroMTA arasında anlamlı farklılık bulunmadı (p>0.05).
Sonuç: Kan kontaminasyonu dentine bağlanma dayanımını azalttı. Materyaller arasında en yüksek bağlanma dayanımını MTA Flow gösterdi.
Examining Cross-Cultural Applicability via Generalizability Theory
Authors: SOYSAL Sümeyra
Published: January 2023

Applying a measurement instrument developed in a specific country to other countries raise a critical and important question of interest in especially cross-cultural studies. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) is the most preferred and used method to examine the cross-cultural applicability of measurement tools. Although CFA is a sophisticated technique to investigate various equivalence types (structural, metric, scalar and alike.), it has some limitations. In light of the classical test theory, when a measurement tool is not invariant between countries, what factors contribute to the error variance become unclear. Also, CFA reveals little as to how dimensionality of the relevant measurement tool affects measurement invariance. Hence, a fundamental focus of this study is to examine the measurement comparability or cross-cultural applicability for different countries on an international assessment using generalizability theory (G-theory) in educational science studies. With multi-faceted design, the contribution of dimensionality to error variance is examined, as well. For illustration purposes, eight scales from PISA 2012 student questionnaire dataset related to attitudes towards mathematics are used. The study is based on data from Türkiye, Finland and USA. The unbalanced multi-faceted designs are performed using G String IV. In conclusion, almost all results supported all research expectations. From the estimations of the G-theory, it can be rightly deduced cross-nationally applicability of the attitudes towards mathematics scales from these research findings.
Renewable energy consumption and Inclusive Growth: Evidence from 20 African countries
Authors: Asiedu Ampomah Benjamin
Published: January 2023

In Africa, the need for energy is growing. When it comes to renewable energy resources in Africa zone, it is unequivocally needed. Many African countries are experiencing development therefore they are shifting to the use of renewable energy. In that view, this study aims to discover the potential impact of renewable energy consumption on inclusive growth in 20 African countries for a period covering 1997 To 2015. To tackle this estimation technique namely Pesaran’s (2007) [1] CD test, Pesaran’s (2015) [2] LM test and Breusch and Pagan’s (1980) [3] LM test, slope homogeneity test, Average Mean Group (AMG), Common Correlated Effects Mean Group (CCEMG) and pairwise granger were employed. Concentration on inclusive growth contributes greatly to the economy size and ensures employment opportunity creation for the society in a different segment, the result of the study indicates that renewable energy consumption significantly impacted inclusive growth in n the selected Africa Countries. Consequently, if countries like Africa prosper in switching to renewable energy, unbelievable gains could be captured in terms of inclusive growth.
Standard Operating Procedure for Solid Phase Adsorption Toxin Testing (SPATT) Assemblage and Extraction of HAB Toxins v2 v1
Authors: Negrey Kendra
Published: January 2023

SPATT has been developed and tested for a variety of resins (see review by Kudela, 2017). These Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) outline the use of the resin DIAON HP20 since it has been demonstrated to quantify microcystins, anatoxin-a, saxitoxin, domoic acid, and okadaic acid in fresh, brackish, and marine waters, all from the same SPATT sampling device (Lane et al. 2010; Miller et al. 2010, Kudela 2011, Gibble and Kudela, 2014, Howard et al., 2017, Kudela, 2017, Peacock et al., 2018). Cylindrospermopsin and nodularin have also been detected using SPATT with DIAON HP20 resin in California, however, the use of DIAON HP20 for these toxins has not been well characterized in the laboratory. This methodology is ready for wider adoption by the research, monitoring, and management communities interested in detecting and tracking the dynamics of freshwater and marine toxins. The SOP described herein for the assemblage and construction of SPATT bags can be used for deployment in freshwater, brackish and marine environments and the extraction process described below is for the analysis of both marine toxins and cyanotoxins.
Determinación de la actividad antimicrobiana e insecticida de extractos producidos por bacterias aisladas de suelo
Authors: Sierra-García Isabel N. , Romero-Tabarez Magally , Orduz-Peralta Sergio
Published: January 2023

Colombia es considerado uno de los países con mayor diversidad biológica, sin embargo, muy poca de esa diversidad ha sido explorada para identificar sustancias biológicamente activas. Los metabolitos secundarios bacterianos pueden presentar actividad frente a patógenos de plantas y animales y representan alternativas biotecnológicas para la industria. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el potencial de diferentes cepas bacterianas aisladas de suelo, para producir sustancias biológicamente activas como antibacterianos, antifúngicos e insecticidas. Un total de 92 extractos metanólicos de metabolitos secundarios bacterianos fueron evaluados. La actividad antibacterial y antifúngica se evaluó mediante el ensayo de difusión en agar frente a diversas bacterias como Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli y Staphylococcus aureus frente a diferentes hongos Alternaria sp., Colletotrichum sp., Fusarium sp., Pestalotia sp. y Verticillium sp. La actividad insecticida se evaluó determinando el efecto de los extractos sobre la mortalidad de larvas de Aedes aegypti (Diptera) y Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera). Se determinó que el 50% de los aislamientos bacterianos tuvieron algún tipo de actividad, aunque la mayor actividad biológica se detectó en los extractos producidos por bacterias del género Bacillus, identificados por medio de análisis del ADN ribosomal 16S y por caracterización bioquímica con API® 50 CHB, MicroLogTM y Biolog. Las especies del género Bacillus identificadas han sido caracterizadas como productoras de compuestos antimicrobianos de amplio espectro o de varios compuestos con diferentes actividades. La actividad biológica presentada por los extractos evidencian que los microorganismos terrestres y especialmente, las especies de Bacillus son productores prolíficos de diversas sustancias bioactivas.
Macrohongos de Colombia II. Listado de especies de los órdenes de Agaricales, Boletales, Cantharellales y Russulales (Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota)
Authors: Franco-Molano Ana E. , Corrales Adriana , Vasco-Palacios Aída M.
Published: January 2023

En Colombia, durante los últimos cincuenta años se ha incrementado el interés por el estudio de los macrohongos, siendo los bosques montanos los sitios mejor muestreados y por lo tanto mejor representados por un número mayor de géneros y especies. Para el país, actualmente se encuentran registradas en la literatura un total de 605 especies de macrohongos de los órdenes: Agaricales, Boletales, Cantharellales y Russulales (Basidiomycota). En este nuevo listado, que es una continuación del trabajo publicado por Franco-Molano y Uribe-Calle en el año 2000, se incluyen 175 especies en 73 géneros: 151 especies del orden Agaricales, 14 de Boletales, 9 de Russulales y una de Cantharellales. 31 especies constituyen nuevos registros para el país.
Caracterización genotípica de aislamientos colombianos del potato mop-top virus (PMTV, Pomovirus)
Authors: Gil José F. , Gutiérrez Pablo A. , Cotes José M. , González Elena P. , Marín Mauricio
Published: January 2023

Recientemente se detectó en Colombia la presencia del virus mop-top de la papa (PMTV, Pomovirus), transmitido por zoosporas del protozoo Spongospora subterranea f. sp. subterranea, agente causal de la sarna polvosa de la papa. Esta investigación se planteó con el fin de evaluar las características genotípicas de las cepas virales del PMTV obtenidas a partir de 20 muestras de suelos de cultivos de papa de los departamentos de Antioquia, Boyacá, Cundinamarca y Nariño. Para esto, se amplificaron mediante RT-PCR las regiones parciales que codifican para los genes de la cápside (CP) y del segundo gen del triple bloque de genes (TGB2), secuenciándose y comparándose con las secuencias de este virus depositadas en las bases de datos moleculares. Adicionalmente, se seleccionaron dos cepas del virus para aumentar el cubrimiento de las secuencias de los segmentos dos y tres (ARN 2 y ARN 3) del genoma viral. Los resultados reconfirmaron la presencia del virus PMTV en Colombia, detectándose dos variantes principales (I y II), una de ellas correspondiente al genotipo distribuido mundialmente (I); mientras que la otra variante (II) representa aislamientos virales de PMTV no registrados hasta ahora en otros países del mundo. Se espera que la información generada en esta investigación sea considerada en los programas de certificación de tubérculo semilla y del manejo cuarentenario de patógenos del cultivo de papa en el país.
Actividad antagónica de Trichoderma asperellum (Fungi: Ascomycota) a diferentes temperaturas
Authors: Vargas-Hoyos Harold A. , Rueda-Lorza Ever A. , Gilchrist-Ramelli Elizabeth
Published: January 2023

El género Trichoderma (Fungi: Ascomycota: Sordariomycetes: Hypocreaceae) contiene especies con gran capacidad antagónica. Se ha determinado a la temperatura puede ser un factor limitante para el crecimiento de dichas especies. La evaluación in vitro puede sugerir su desempeño en campo, lo que permite evidenciar aislamientos viables para el uso en control biológico. En este trabajo se evaluó el efecto de la temperatura sobre el crecimiento y la actividad antagónica de 27 aislamientos de Trichoderma spp. sobre Rhizoctonia sp. (Fungi: Agaricomycetes) y Colletotrichum sp. (Fungi: Sordariomycetes). De ellos, 16 y 9 presentaron inhibición ≥ 70% contra Rhizoctonia sp. y Colletotrichum sp., respectivamente. Los aislamientos T46, T84, T92 y T109 alcanzaron inhibición ≥75% para ambos fitopatógenos. Los aislamientos T46 y T109 fueron evaluados por su antagonismo frente a Rhizoctonia sp. a las temperaturas: 4, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 °C. A excepción de 4 °C, en todas las temperaturas evaluadas, la inhibición del crecimiento del fitopatógeno fue ≥ 75%. A 30 °C, ambos antagonistas inhibieron el crecimiento de Rhizoctonia sp. T46 en un 94% y T109 en un 95%. Se demostró actividad biológica en todas las temperaturas, confirmando el potencial antagónico de este microorganismo.
Nuevas combinaciones en Alansmia M. Kessler, Moguel, Sundue et Labiak (Polypodiaceae) para Costa Rica, Panamá y Colombia
Authors: Rojas-Alvarado Alexander F.
Published: January 2023

Cinco especies de Terpsichore A.R. Sm. son combinadas aquí en el reciente género Alansmia M. Kessler, Moguel, Sundue et Labiak: A. acrosora (A. Rojas) A. Rojas, A. cocosensis (A. Rojas) A. Rojas, A. esquiveliana (A. Rojas) A. Rojas, A. fabispora (Copel.) A. Rojas y A. lobulata (A. Rojas) A. Rojas. En cada una de las ellas se indican las principales diferencias con taxones relacionados. Adicionalmente se presenta una clave dicotómica para el reconocimiento de las especies conocidas en Costa Rica, Panamá y Colombia.
Nuevos registros de Elaphoglossum (Dryopteridaceae) para el Neotrópico
Authors: Rojas-Alvarado Alexander F. , Rodríguez-Duque Wilson D.
Published: January 2023

Diez especies de Elaphoglossum son ampliadas en su distribución en el Neotropico: E. adrianae, E. bakeri, E. chloödes, E. delgadilloanum, E. furfuraceum, E. lonchophyllum, E. obtusum, E. praetermissum, E. pseudoherminieri y E. subciliatum, como producto de la revisión reciente de especímenes de los herbarios HUA, US y VALLE, y de la consulta de material tipo en diversos herbarios como CR, F, K, MO, NY y US. De las especies mencionadas nueve especies son registradas para Colombia, dos para Venezuela y una para Ecuador.
Una especie nueva y un nombre reconocido en Elaphoglossum Schott ex J. Sm. sección Squamipedia Mickel & Atehortúa (Dryopteridaceae) para Colombia y Venezuela
Authors: Rojas-Alvarado Alexander F. , Rodríguez-Duque Wilson D.
Published: January 2023

Una especie nueva y un nombre reconocido en Elaphoglossum Schott ex J. Sm. sección Squamipedia Mickel & Atehortúa para Colombia y Venezuela son incluidas aquí: E. serpentinum A. Rojas & W.D. Rodríguez y E. rhynchophyllum H. Christ, respectivamente. La especie nueva difiere de Elaphoglossum teleglottis Mickel por escamas del rizoma más cortas y escamas de la lámina más pequeñas. La segunda especie ha sido sinonimizada bajo Elaphoglossum lloense (Hook.) T. Moore de la cual difiere por escamas de la lámina estrelladas (vs. hastadas) y más pequeñas, anaranjadas a pardas (vs. pardo oscuro a negruzcas) y dispersas (vs. medianamente densas).