bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REKONSTRUKSI PERAN KELEMBAGAAN PEREMPUAN DALAM GERAKAN ANTI KORUPSI DI KALIMANTAN BARAT
Authors: Purwanto Purwanto
Published: March 2017

This study aims to examine and analyze the causes, logic and meaning (vertehen) the creation of the marginalization of women’s role in the anti-corruption movement in West Kalimantan, as well as offering an adaptive institutional model for women’s role in the anti-corruption movement. The method used is a method of socio legal. Based on the research results can be seen that empirically, the position of women as wives and mothers have a decisive strategic role and contribution in efforts to prevent corruption. So far, the anti-corruption movement, relationships, and institutional format still monopolized by men. Therefore, the reconstruction of the institutional role of women in anti-corruption movement is based on strengthening education and advocacy at the level of domestic and public, through the format of integrated and sustainable networks, considered as one option to strengthen the contribution of women in anti-corruption movement.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dan menganalisis penyebab, logika dan makna (vertehen) terciptanya marginalisasi peran perempuan dalam gerakan anti korupsi di Kalimantan Barat, serta menawarkan model kelembagaan yang adaptif bagi peran perempuan dalam gerakan anti korupsi tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode socio legal. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat dilihat bahwa secara empirik, posisi perempuan sebagai istri dan ibu memiliki peran strategisdan andil menentukan dalam upaya pencegahan korupsi. Selama ini, gerakan anti korupsi, relasi, dan format kelembagaannya masih dimonopoli kaum lelaki. Oleh karena itu, rekonstruksi perankelembagaan perempuan dalam gerakan anti korupsi yang berbasis pada penguatan edukasi dan advokasi pada tataran domestik maupun publik, melalui format jejaring yang terintegrasi dan berkelanjutan, dianggap sebagai salah satu pilihan dalam memperkuat andil kaum perempuan dalam gerakan anti korupsi.
PENERAPAN METODE REGULATORY IMPACT ASSESSMENT (RIA) DALAM PENYUSUNAN REGULASI DAERAH
Authors: Satria Rahmad
Published: March 2017

The making of regional regulations so far has been in the form of legal drafting focusing on adjustability and obedience to the higher laws. However, it has not considered the aspirations and roles of stakeholders and public participation, RIA (Regulatory Impact Assessment) can be used as a systematical means of evaluation to regional regulations so that they will be more contextual, aspired, responsive, quality, effective , and efficient.Penyusunan regulasi  daerah setingkat peraturan daerah  selama ini lebih bersifat legal drafting, menekankan kepada kesesuaian dan kepatuhan terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan yang lebih tinggi, namun belum  memandang penting aspirasi dan peran pemangku kebijakan serta partisipasi publik. RIA (Regulatory Impact Assessment) dapat dipergunakan  sebagai  piranti evaluasi secara sistematis terhadap  regulasi daerah  sehingga menjadi lebih kontekstual, aspiratif, responsif, berkualitas, efektif dan efisien
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP PEMEGANG SERTIFIKAT HAK MILIK ATAS TANAH (STUDI KASUS DI PENGADILAN NEGERI KLAS IA KUPANG)
Authors: Osingmahi Nixon G. L.
Published: March 2017

Individual or law firm ownership of a land based on certificate ownership often arise problems, in this case there is a legal dispute in land affairs where at the end it is solved by judicature institution. This legal dispute is arise when the one who feel that he has right to a land and dominate and also manage that land identify all or a half of the land is has been certificated by different person. Another problem arises become a legal dispute dealing with the ownership of a land is also started from the trade agreement, where the after receiving payments of the land, the seller run off the responsibility suddenly to hand over the land and also unable to make trade certificate in front of the officerKepemilikan seorang individu atau badan hukum atas se bidang tanah dengan berdasarkan alas hak sertifikat hak milik sering menimbulkan sengketa yang pada akhirnya diselesaikan oleh lembaga peradilan. Sengketa ini timbul ketika yang merasa berhak atas bidang tanah dan telah menguasai serta mengolah bidang tanah tersebut mengetahui seluruh atau sebagian telah disertifikatkan oleh orang lain. Permasalahan lain timbul menjadi sengketa mengenai kepemilikan suatu bidang tanah juga bersumber dari perjanjian jual beli tanah, di mana penjual setelah menerima pembayaran atas bidang tanah yang dijualnya tidak menyerahkan tanah tersebut serta tidak memenuhi prestasi untuk membuat akta jual beli di hadapan pejabat yang berwenang
MUTASI PEJABAT FUNGSIONAL KE DALAM JABATAN STRUKTURAL DI ERA OTONOMI DAERAH
Authors: Nope Nelson Bastian
Published: March 2017

This study aims to assess the functional officials mutation arrangements for structural positions in the era of regional autonomy, as well as procedures and mechanisms for the functional mutation officials have met the structural positions placement principle. The method used is a normative juridical research, the research focused on assessing the legislation. Research result shown that arrangememnt, procedure, and mekanism of mutation to funtional official to occupy structural position which done in region is by corporation of position judgment and promotion that has duty to give judgment to region head but didn’t give full care of qualification, competency, and assessment of goverment employee’s job so didn’t create the principle of appointmentPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaturan mutasi pejabat fungsional untuk menduduki jabatan struktural di era otonomi daerah, serta prosedur dan mekanisme mutasi pejabat fungsional untuk menduduki jabatan struktural telah memenuhi prinsip penempatan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian yuridis normatif, yakni penelitian yang difokuskan pada pengkajian dengan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa prosedur dan mekanisme mutasi pejabat fungsional untuk menduduki jabatan struktural yang dilakukan di daerah adalah melalui Badan Pertimbangan Jabatan dan Kepangkatan atau Baperjakat yang tugasnya memberikan pertimbangan kepada Kepala daerah namun tidak sepenuhnya memperhatikan kulifikasi, kompetensi dan penilaian kinerja Pegawai Negeri Sipil sehingga belum terciptanya asas penempatan.
PROSPEK PERLINDUNGAN PENYANDANG DISABILITAS TERHADAP PERILAKU DISKRIMINATIF DI KOTA SEMARANG*
Authors: Tyesta ALW Lita
Published: March 2017

This research aims to determine the prospects of persons with disabilities protection against discriminatory behavior in Semarang. The research method is normative using the laws approach (statutory approach), and the conceptual approach (conceptual approach). Results of the study found that the government of Semarang have prospects in providing protection and fulfillment of the rights of persons with disabilitas of discriminatory behavior. Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Act1945 does not set a specific reference on Disability, but set firmly and clearly regarding non- discrimination, equality before the law, and the right to receive equal treatment before the law throughout Indonesia.
ORANG ASING SEBAGAI SUBJEK HAK ATAS TANAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Sumarja FX.
Published: March 2017

This research aims at finding foreigners who may be the subject of Land Use Rights and Lease Rights for the building. The results of the study indicate: 1) Period, BAL-PP 41 of 1996, and the period of 2010 - now, foreigners who can be the subject of land rights are foreigners as the resident of Indonesia; 2) Period, PP 41 of 1996 - in 2010, foreigners who may be the subject of land rights was expanded into foreigners as both a resident of Indonesia and has a residence permit in Indonesia.
URGENSI REVISI UNDANG-UNDANG TERORISME
Authors: Masyhar Ali
Published: March 2017

Undang-Undang Terorisme yang berlaku saat ini merupakan undang-undang yang relatif sudah lama. Undang-Undang ini lahir ketika terjadi peledakan Bom Bali 12 Oktober 2002. Usulan revisi Undang-Undang Terorisme ini menguat setiap kali terjadi aksi teror di Indonesia. Secara yuridis formal, terdapat kekurangan-kekurangan yuridis dalam perumusan Undang-Undang Terorisme, namun usulan revisi dari pemerintah tidak menyangkut secara konkrit kekurangan yuridis tersebut. Usulan revisi umumnya terkait dengan penambahan jangka waktu penangkapan dan penahanan. Beberapa usulan sudah dapat dicover dalam rumusan Undang-Undang Terorisme tersebut, sehingga urgensinya masih perlu dielaborasi lebih jauh.
GLOBALISASI DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PEMBAHARUAN HUKUM EKONOMI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Doing M.
Published: March 2017

Substansi pembaharuan hukum ekonomi nasional harus bersendikan Pancasila dan UUD 1945. Idealnya dalam implementasi, hukum ekonomi nasional harus dapat mengakomodasi kepentingan pasar kapitalistik dan ekonomi pasar sosial secara proporsional. Sistem ekonomi yang demikian, menekankan pentingnya kerja sama di satu pihak dan sekaligus juga persaingan di pihak lainnya. Dalam demokrasi ekonomi berarti tidak ada tempat bagi ciri-ciri negatif liberalisme-kapitalisme yang menciptakan survival of the ﬁttest, maupun sistem ekonomi sosialis-komunis.
PENGATURAN FOLKLOR SECARA SUI GENERIS DALAM UNDANG-UNDANG TERSENDIRI
Authors: Melianti Yusna , Ivanna Julia , Beru Perangin-angin Reh Bungana
Published: March 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaturan folklor di Indonesia dan negara lain; dan menganalisis mengapa folklor perlu diatur secara sui generis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian normatif empiris. Indonesia mengatur folklor dalam undang-undang hak cipta. Pengaturan folklor dalam sistem hukum nasional masing-masing negara tidak sama. Pengaturan folklor di bawah lingkup undang-undang hak cipta tidak tepat. Folklor harus diatur secara tersendiri dalam undangundang khusus yang mengatur folklor.
OPTIMALISASI KONSEP REWARD TERHADAP WHISTLE BLOWER TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI DI INDONESIA
Authors: As'adi Edi
Published: March 2017

Mencermati rumusan Pasal 10 ayat (2) ada dua kesimpulan yang menarik, yaitu (1) Whistle blower tetap dipidana bila ternyata terbukti secara sah dan meyakinkan bersalah berdasarkan asas legalitas. Whistle blower hanya mendapatkan reward berupa keringanan pidana bukan berupa restorative justice. Hal ini belum mencerminkan azas-azas yang telah ditentukan di dalam Pasal 3 Undang-Undang No.13 Tahun 2006 yakni azas penghargaan atas harkat dan martabat manusia, azas keadilan dan azas kepastian hukum. Seharusnya kesaksian dari Whistle blower bukan lagi hanya dipertimbangkan oleh hakim namun harus menjadi pertimbangan pemberian reward yang sepadan dengan keterangan yang diberikan untuk mengungkap tindak pidana korupsi.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP ANAK DARI KEJAHATAN PELECEHAN SEKSUAL DI PEKANBARU TAHUN 2014
Authors: Mukhlis R. Mukhlis R.
Published: March 2017

Kejahatan pelecehan seksual semakin marak di Indonesia, khususnya di Pekanbaru Riau. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan adalah yuridis empiris, dengan analisis kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa perlindungan terhadap anak secara normatif telah diatur dalam beberapa peraturan perundang-undangan dan juga secara praktis dalam praktek penegakan hukum dalam masyarakat. Penegakan hukum yang dilakukan terhadap kejahatan pelecehan seksual anak, selain secara umum berlaku sistem peradilan pidana, juga secara khusus dalam penanganannya di unit Perlindungan Perempuan dan Anak (PPA) bagian Reskrim di kepolisian. Untuk mewujudkan kota layak anak, Pemerintah Daerah Kota Pekanbaru memiliki kebijakan dan himbauan terhadap semua pihak untuk menghilangkan atau meminimalisir tingginya angka kejahatan pelecehan terhadap anak.
ERA DIGITAL (PERGESERAN PARADIGMA DARI HUKUM MODERN KE POST MODERNISME)
Authors: Wibawa Iskandar
Published: March 2017

Konstruksi hukum saat ini dibangun berdasarkan aliran positivisme, merupakaan legal-meta narative yang maujud dalam bentuk hukum tertulis yang penerapannya menggunakan mehhode sylogisme,. Hal ini merupakan paradigma hukum modern. Era digital yang terjadi saat ini mempengaruhi kehidupan diberbagai bidang, termasuk di bidang hukum. Paradigma hukum modern yang positivistik, legal-meta naratuve dan penggunaaan sylogisme mengalami kesulitan menyelesaikan masalah yang terjadi di masyarakat. Paradigma baru diperlukan untuk menyelesaikan masalah tersebut, yaitu paradigma post modernism. Paradigma ini memaknai hukum sebagai legal-micronarative, memberikan peluang adanya keragaman dalam memaknai hukum. Hukum tertulis dimaknai sesuai dengan konteksnya, dan dipandang sebagai bingkai dalam rangka menyelesaikan masalah yang terjadi dalam masyarakat.
PREDIKSI PERKEMBANGAN LAHAN PERMUKIMAN TERHADAP KERENTANAN BENCANA BANJIR DAN KEBAKARAN DI PERMUKIMAN TEPIAN SUNGAI KAPUAS KOTA PONTIANAK
Authors: Nurhidayati Ely , Buchori Imam , Mussadun Mussadun
Published: March 2017

Settlements of house on stilts in the Eastern Pontianak is located at the triangle of the Kapuas River and Landak River. This study to determine the changes of settlement’s areas in 2003-2014, predict the settlement’s areas in 2020 and the correlation between the disaster vulnerability and the development of settlement’s areas in the Kapuas riverbanks. This research method integrates quantitative-SIG binary logistic regression and CA-Markov. The data used are Quickbird satellite imagery (2003), elevation data ICONOS (2008) and contour intervals (1 meter). The results are the prediction accuracy (79.74%) and the highest kappa index (0.55). The prediction of settlement’s areas (481.98 hectares) in 2020, shows the highest land expansion in the Parit Mayor Village and the increase of settlement’s areas (6.80 ha/year) in 2014-2020. Regression analysis have a coefficient of 0 in the flooding variable, so the floods did not affected the development of settlement’s areas in the Eastern Pontianak.
Sex‐specific differences in mitochondria biogenesis, morphology, respiratory function, and ROS homeostasis in young mouse heart and brain
Authors: Khalifa Abdel Rahman M. , Abdel‐Rahman Engy A. , Mahmoud Ali M. , Ali Mohamed H. , Noureldin Maha , Saber Saber H. , Mohsen Mahmoud , Ali Sameh S.
Published: March 2017

Sex‐specific differences in mitochondrial function and free radical homeostasis are reported in the context of aging but not well‐established in pathogeneses occurring early in life. Here, we examine if sex disparity in mitochondria function, morphology, and redox status starts early and hence can be implicated in sexual dimorphism in cardiac as well as neurological disorders prevalent at young age. Although mitochondrial activity in the heart did not significantly vary between sexes, female brain exhibited enhanced respiration and higher reserve capacity. This was associated with lower H2O2production in female cardiac and brain tissues. Using transmission electron microscopy, we found that the number of female cardiac mitochondria is moderately greater (117 ± 3%,P = 0.049,N = 4) than male's, which increased significantly for cortical mitochondria (134 ± 4%,P = 0.001,N = 4). However, male's cardiac mitochondria exhibited fragmented, circular, and smaller mitochondria relative to female's mitochondria, while no morphologic sex‐dependent differences were observed in cortical mitochondria. No sex differences were detected in Nox2 and Nox4 proteins or O2‐consuming/H2O2‐producing activities in brain homogenate or synaptosomes. However, a strong trend of increasedEPR‐detectedNOXsuperoxide in male synaptosomes hinted at higher superoxide dismutase activity in female brains, which was confirmed by two independent protocols. We also provide direct evidence that respiring mitochondria generally produce an order‐of‐magnitude lower reactive oxygen species (ROS) proportions than currently estimated. Our results indicate that sex differences in mitochondrial biogenesis, bioenergetics, and morphology may start at young age and that sex‐dependentSODcapacity may be responsible for differences inROShomeostasis in heart and brain.
Dopamine terminals from the ventral tegmental area gate intrinsic inhibition in the prefrontal cortex
Authors: Buchta William C. , Mahler Stephen V. , Harlan Benjamin , Aston‐Jones Gary S. , Riegel Arthur C.
Published: March 2017

Spike frequency adaptation (SFA or accommodation) and calcium‐activated potassium channels that underlie after‐hyperpolarization potentials (AHP) regulate repetitive firing of neurons. Precisely how neuromodulators such as dopamine from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) regulate SFA and AHP (together referred to as intrinsic inhibition) in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) remains unclear. Using whole cell electrophysiology, we measured intrinsic inhibition in prelimbic (PL) layer 5 pyramidal cells of male adult rats. Results demonstrate that bath application of dopamine reduced intrinsic inhibition (EC50: 25.0 μmol/L). This dopamine action was facilitated by coapplication of cocaine (1 μmol/L), a blocker of dopamine reuptake. To evaluate VTA dopamine terminals in PFC slices, we transfected VTA dopamine cells of TH::Cre rats in vivo with Cre‐dependent AAVs to express channelrhodopsin‐2 (ChR2) or designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDS). In PFC slices from these animals, stimulation of VTA terminals with either blue light to activate ChR2 or bath application of clozapine‐N‐oxide (CNO) to activate Gq‐DREADDs produced a similar reduction in intrinsic inhibition in PL neurons. Electrophysiological recordings from cells expressing retrograde fluorescent tracers showed that this plasticity occurs in PL neurons projecting to the accumbens core. Collectively, these data highlight an ability of VTA terminals to gate intrinsic inhibition in the PFC, and under appropriate circumstances, enhance PL neuronal firing. These cellular actions of dopamine may be important for dopamine‐dependent behaviors involving cocaine and cue‐reward associations within cortical–striatal circuits.
For ‘Global Literature’, Anglo-Phone
Authors: D’haen Theo
Published: March 2017

Analogous to other coinages such as Francophone, Hispanophone, Lusophone and of late also Sinophone literature, Anglophone literature is customarily taken to be literature produced by authors writing in English but themselves, for whatever reason, not considered ‘Anglo’, whether of the UK or the US brand, but issuing from the ‘periphery’, usually the former British Empire. However, as the hyphen in my title’s use of the term indicates, I will also take a look at ‘Anglo’-literature in the narrow sense, that is to say literature produced in the ‘core’ of the English-speaking world, the UK and the US, hence: Anglo-phone literature(s). I will do so from the perspective of ‘global literature’ studies, a term and an approach I see as following and building upon comparative literature, postcolonial studies and world literature, and which I see as adequate and appropriate to the age of ‘globalisation’.
Changing Spaces: Canonization of Anglophone World Literature
Authors: Rosendahl Thomsen Mads
Published: March 2017

Canonization, understood broadly as the complex processes in which some works and authors obtain a privileged position in literary culture, while others become less and less visible, takes place continually in the interplay between preferences among readers, critics and institutions. These can now be studied better thanks to new digital resources and social media. The canonization of world literatures is particularly complex as it traverses notions of national canons and sits uneasily between integration with Western literature and a counter-canonical stance. This article considers the uses of a differentiated view on canonization and how data resources that have been made available on the circulation and readership of authors can be used to qualify canonization. The relationship between the locally and globally oriented Anglophone writers and the growing importance of migrant writers is investigated, as well as the influence of world literature in English which is included for its influence not only on Anglophone canons but also canons of non-English literary cultures.
Ngugi wa Thiong’o and the Conceptual Worlding of Literature
Authors: Helgesson Stefan
Published: March 2017

The central claim of this article is that the Kenyan writer Ngugi wa Thiong’o, known above all for his advocacy of African-language writing, performs in his essays a conceptual worldingof literature that serves to diversify its semantic content and thereby enable the recognition and expanded production of otherwise marginalised literatures. The logic of this conceptual worlding is read through a cosmopolitan-vernacular optic, which presupposes that Ngugi’s interventions can neither be defined as ethnically particularist nor as expansively cosmopolitan. Rather, his approach 1) combines multiple literary ‘ecologies’, in Alex Beecroft’s sense, and 2) attempts to reroute the temporality of ‘literature’ so that it is no longer reducible to Eurochronology. What unites these interventions is that they both draw on and attempt to recalibrate ‘world literature’ as a symbolic value in response to a postcolonial predicament. Three texts provide the empirical focus of the article: the department circular “On the Abolition of the English Department” that Ngugi co-authored in 1968 with Taban Lo Liyong and Henry Owuor-Anyumba; the essay “Literature and Society”, first written in 1973; and “Memory, Restoration and African Renaissance”, which is the third chapter in Something Torn and New from 2009.
Real life dabigatran and metabolite concentrations, focused on inter-patient variability and assay differences in patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Boonen Kristel , Schmitz Ellen , Rozestraten Fleur , van den Heuvel Dennis , Brunsveld Luc , van der Voort Pepijn , van de Kerkhof Daan
Published: March 2017

Background:

Dabigatran is prescribed to increasing numbers of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Although routine monitoring is not considered to be useful, measuring drug concentrations can be clinically relevant in specific situations. The aim of this study was the comparison of different functional and non-functional assays for determination of dabigatran concentrations at different timepoints in a real-life patient population with AF. We focused on the differences between assays in identifying patients with low drug concentrations. Furthermore, we studied the effect of glucuronidation on the established concentration as determined with different assays.

Methods:

This study established dabigatran concentration ranges in 40 real-life AF patients by an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) reference method and compared these with results from coagulation assays (Hemoclot dTT, LD-dTT and ECA). Samples were taken just before and 2 and 4 h after taking the drug.

Results:

A wide range of concentrations at different time points was found in this patient group. Coagulation assays correlate best with UPLC-MS/MS results that include the glucuronidated metabolites, showing that the pharmacologically active glucuronides are also measured in coagulation testing. The LD-dTT has the best agreement with UPLC-MS/MS and combines good sensitivity with high specificity. Several patients show consistently low or high drug concentrations, implying that drug exposure differs between patients.

Conclusions:

Based on the association of dabigatran concentrations with bleeding and thromboembolic risk, we believe that dabigatran monitoring could be beneficial for further optimizing anticoagulation therapy in AF.
The Use of Simulation Models in Solving the Problems of Merging two Plants of the Company
Authors: Sedláček Michal
Published: March 2017

This paper focuses on utilization of analysis of different possibilities of merging two production sites with the help of simulation model of company processes. Software SIMUL8 was chosen as a development environment for its possibility of dynamic discrete simulation of company processes. In the first phase, it analyses current status of both production sites. It is followed by suggesting several possible solutions for their potential merger. Each solution is analyzed with the help of simulation models. They have been evaluated and the optimal solution was selected.
Strategic Performance Measurement Using Balanced Scorecard: A Case of Machine Tool Industry
Authors: Kshatriya Anil , Dharmadhikari Vijay , Srivastava Deepak , Basak P.C.
Published: March 2017

This paper focuses on implementation, monitoring, and application of balanced scorecard (BSC) techniques in an organization involved in providing machine tool solutions to the industrial sector. The growth of the company considered in real time constituted improvements of both top and bottom lines. In the industry under consideration, it was observed that in our company, the top line was steadily growing but not the bottom line. This is when we started getting down to brass tacks and strategically focusing on growth in overall profits of the company. This included growing revenues by improving of EBITDA (earnings before interests, taxes, depreciation, and amortization) and by increasing efficiency (i.e., cutting costs). These improvements were implemented by chalking out a comprehensive BSC designed to suit the machine tool industry. The four perspectives of the management, namely, internal business process, organizational learning, financial perspective, and customer perspective, have been considered lucidly and enunciate the parameters that affect the BSC very aptly. The BSC designed considered 9 objectives and 27 relative measures of these factors to quantify the various quantitative and qualitative dimensions that affect the company’s performance. A Balanced Lean Index (BL Score) was used to measure the results for company X.
Isothermal green microwave-assisted extraction of caffeine from guarana: a kinetic study
Authors: Koturevic Biljana , Adnadjevic Borivoj , Jovanovic Jelena
Published: March 2017

The kinetics of isothermal green microwave-assisted extraction of caffeine from guarana seed powder with water at a temperature range from 40°C to 60°C was investigated. The caffeine concentration in the water extract was determined by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. By applying the isoconversional method, it was established that the kinetics of the caffeine extraction from the guarana seed powder with microwave heating is an elementary kinetic process. The model fitting method was used to determine the kinetic model of the caffeine extraction under microwave heating. It was found that the kinetics of the caffeine extraction can, under microwave heating, be modeled by the Jander’s model of three dimensional diffusion. The kinetic parameters, activation energy and pre-exponential factor of the caffeine extraction were determined.
Morphological features of aerogels and carbogels based on lignosulfonates
Authors: Brovko Olga , Palamarchuk Irina , Bogolitsyn Konstantin , Chukhchin Dmitriy , Ivakhnov Artem , Valchuk Natalia
Published: March 2017

The synthesis of new carbogels based on sodium lignosulfonates alone (LSNa) and interpolyelectrolyte complexes (IPEC) made by a combination of lignosulfonate and chitosan (CT) (i.e. IPEC-LSNa-CT) was investigated. The IPECs were converted into carbogels by slow and rapid pyrolysis (Pyslow and Pyrapid) and the influence of Py conditions on the formation of carbogels was established. It is demonstrated that the obtained carbogels have a high microporous structure with elevated total porosity values. The porosity of synthesised carbogels is on the nanoscale level, while about 80% of the internal surfaces obtained by both Pyslow and Pyfast is in the range of 0.7–1.0 nm pore size. It was found that elements of the initial precursor structure (LSNa) are stored in the carbon aerogels, if obtained by the appropriate pyrolysis technique.
Imaging methods for bone mass evaluation during childhood and adolescence: an update
Authors: Pezzuti Isabela Leite , Kakehasi Adriana Maria , Filgueiras Maria Tereza , de Guimarães Juliana Albano , de Lacerda Isabela Alves Campos , Silva Ivani Novato
Published: March 2017

The objective of the work was to prepare an update on imaging methods for bone evaluation during childhood and adolescence. The text was based on original and review articles on imaging methods for clinical evaluation of bone mass in children and adolescents up to 20 years old. They were selected from BIREME and PUBMED by means of the following keywords: bone density; osteoporosis/diagnosis; densitometry; tomography; ultrasonography; magnetic resonance imaging; and radiogrammetry and published in Portuguese or English, in the last 10 years (2006–2016). The article was organized into topics with the description of peculiarities, advantages and disadvantages of each imaging method and their possible clinical applicability. Despite the emergence of new technologies, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) remains the gold standard method for low bone mass diagnosis in all age groups. However, interpretation is complex in children and adolescents and demands skilled people. Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) [central QCT, peripheral QCT (pQCT) and high resolution-pQCT (HR-pQCT)] and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluate real bone density, but are not yet available for routine use. Quantitative bone ultrasound (QUS) shows good perspectives for its use in primary prevention actions. Automated radiogrammetry shows promise as a method able to flag individuals who might benefit from a complete bone assessment, but the clinical value of the measures still needs to be established.
Cushing’s syndrome in infancy due to ectopic ACTH secretion by a sacro-coccygeal teratoma
Authors: Rydzewska Marta , Krawczuk-Rybak Maryna , Zajkowska Adrianna , Jurczuk Natalia , Polnik Dariusz , Szalecki Mieczysław , Moszczyńska Elżbieta , Savage Martin O. , Bossowski Artur
Published: March 2017

Background:

Adenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-dependent Cushing’s syndrome in infancy is extremely rare. We describe the case of a sacro-coccygeal ectopic ACTH-secreting immature teratoma in an infant who also presented the triad of defects characteristic of Currarino syndrome.

Case presentation:

A girl was born with a large immature teratoma in the sacro-coccygeal region associated with anal atresia. At the age of 7 days, the concentration of α-fetoprotein (AFP) was above the age-specific normal range. Two non-radical surgical excisions of the tumour were performed. At the age of 7 months, she developed polyphagia, acne, hirsutism, hypertension and hypokalemia with elevated ACTH and absence of serum cortisol circadian rhythm. Immunostaining of tumour tissue showed ACTH-immunoreactive cells. Due to unsuccessful therapy with ketoconazole and resistance to antihypertensive medications [blood pressure (BP) 210/160 mmHg], metyrapone was administered, which controlled her ACTH and cortisol levels in the normal range. Following further removal of tumour bulk after three operations during the first year of life, there was a decrease of BP to normal values.

Conclusions:

A rare case of ectopic ACTH syndrome causing Cushing’s syndrome in infancy in the context of Currarino syndrome is reported. Radical surgery has resulted in excision of the tumour and current control of Cushing’s syndrome.
Plasma but not serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor concentration is decreased by oral glucose tolerance test-induced hyperglycemia in children
Authors: Araki Shunsuke , Yamamoto Yukiyo , Saito Reiko , Kawakita Aoi , Eguchi Mami , Goto Motohide , Kubo Kazuyasu , Kawagoe Rinko , Kawada Yasusada , Kusuhara Koichi
Published: March 2017

Background:

Little is known regarding the relationships among circulating brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels and glucose or insulin in children and adolescents. The objective of this study was to investigate whether circulating BDNF levels would change during the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).

Methods:

We performed the OGTT and measured the serial changes in BDNF levels in both plasma and serum.

Results:

There were 22 subjects in the normal type (N) group and 20 in the borderline/diabetic type (B/D) group, defined by the results of the OGTT. Serum levels of BDNF were almost five times higher and plasma levels gradually decreased during the OGTT, whereas serum levels showed no significant change. The reduction of plasma BDNF level changes from baseline to 120 min were significantly different between the N and B/D groups (36.3% vs. 20.8%, p=0.023).

Conclusions:

Our results showed that plasma levels of BDNF are more sensitive to acute changes in glucose or insulin levels than serum.
Battling for Metaphysics: The Case for Indispensability
Authors: Giladi Paul
Published: March 2017

The aim of this paper is to propose that both Hegel and Peirce are committed to two arguments against the notion that metaphysics is impossible, where not only do they claim metaphysics is possible, but that they also insist on theindispensabilityof this philosophical discipline. In the first argument, both Hegel and Peirce argue that it is impossible to eliminate metaphysical concepts from ordinary language and our scientific practices. In the second argument, both Hegel and Peirce argue that metaphysics is a necessary part of intellectual enquiry on the grounds that metaphysics is indispensable for human development. Such is the philosophical significance of both their views on the indispensability of metaphysics that there is every reason to regard Hegel and Peirce as representing powerful challenges to eliminativist attitudes to metaphysical enquiry. The purpose of my paper is to justify the exercise of metaphysics as a “humanistic discipline”, to use an expression from Bernard Williams. Using perfectionist approaches to ethics as a framework in which to contextualise the question of whether it could ever be desirable to eliminate metaphysics is under-explored and potentially a major avenue through which to explore the way we do metaphysics today.
The crystal structure of 3-aminopropan-1-aminium iodide, C3H11N2I
Authors: Arderne Charmaine , Batchelor Kyle F.
Published: March 2017

C3H11N2I, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 5.0152(2) Å, b = 10.1470(4) Å, c = 14.1852(5) Å, β = 96.501(2)°, V = 717.23(5) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0174, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0411, T = 100 K.
Soundscape design guidelines through noise mapping methodologies: An application to medium urban agglomerations
Authors: Vogiatzis Konstantinos , Remy Nicolas
Published: March 2017

In the framework of the European Directive 2002/49/EC, from 2012 to 2016, several cities in Greece have completed noise strategic maps with noise action plans that usually define the main strategies to reduce the noise residents are exposed to and introduce and preserve “quiet zones”. Several medium urban agglomerations in Greece (Volos, Larissa, Chania, Heraklion, Corfu, Agrinio, Thessaloniki) have been chosen to also analyse the sound qualities of the soundscapes of specific urban neighbourhoods in order to generate recommendations for the urban design of the soundscapes of these agglomerations in a manner that complements conventional noise mitigation measures. The general principle of this approach is to relate quantitative data (e.g., from measurements, acoustic simulations, urban forms, topography, and traffic model) with qualitative data (e.g., from type of sources, interviews, reports on environmental noise perception) by creating quantitative and qualitative maps. The aim of this study is to propose possible action tools to the relevant authorities aiming at diminishing noise levels in affected areas and also to provide solutions towards a sustainable sound environment both in space and time. This paper presents the main current methodology, selected important results proposed for the urban agglomerations of a typical Southeast Mediterranean country such as Greece.
Removal of synthetic dyes from multicomponent industrial wastewaters
Authors: Sharma Komal , Dalai Ajay K. , Vyas Raj K.
Published: March 2017

Colored effluents containing dyes from various industries pollute the environment and pose problems in municipal wastewater treatment systems. Industrial effluents consist of a mixture of dyes and require study of the simultaneous removal of dyes. Simultaneous quantification of dyes in the solution is a common problem while using a spectrophotometric method due to overlapping of their absorption spectra. Derivative spectroscopy and chemometric methods in spectrophotometric analysis facilitate simultaneous quantification of dyes. Adsorption is a widely used treatment method for the removal of a mixture of recalcitrant dyes in industrial wastewaters. Confirming the assertion, this paper presents a state-of-the-art review on methods used for simultaneous quantification of dyes and the effects of various parameters on their adsorptive removal. This paper also reviews the adsorption equilibrium, modeling, mechanisms of dyes adsorption, and adsorbent regeneration techniques in multicomponent dye systems. It has been observed that chemometric techniques provide accuracy, repeatability, and high speed in processing and helps in better operability in real wastewater treatment plants. The conclusions include the need for the development of thermodynamic models that can predict simultaneous physisorption and chemisorption exhibited by different dyes and to develop isotherm models that can describe chemisorption of a mixture of dyes. The paper delves into inadequately researched gray areas of adsorption of a mixture of dyes which require the development of modified adsorption methods that serves process intensification for complete degradation/mineralization.
Cold plasmas in the modification of catalysts
Authors: Zhang Lingfeng , Liu Xinying , Scurrell Michael S.
Published: March 2017

Heterogeneous catalysts play an important role in the chemical industry and are also of critical importance in the general well-being of society in the 21st century. Increasing demands are being placed on catalyst performance in a number of areas such as activity, selectivity, longevity, and cost. Conventional approaches to improving catalytic performance are becoming exhausted, and novel ways of generating the increased performance are being sought. The utilization of cold plasmas has opened great opportunities for modification of catalysts, thanks to their room-temperature operations with reduced energy combustion, shortened duration, and undestroyed bulk structure. In this review, we present an assessment of the modification of catalysts by cold plasmas, with emphasis on particle sizes, dispersion of nanoparticles, distribution of elements, electronic properties, acid-base properties, surface functional groups, and metal-support interaction. Moreover, challenges and perspectives are also presented for the further modification of catalysts by cold plasmas and broadening their practical applications.
TheCellMap.org: A Web-Accessible Database for Visualizing and Mining the Global Yeast Genetic Interaction Network
Authors: Usaj Matej , Tan Yizhao , Wang Wen , VanderSluis Benjamin , Zou Albert , Myers Chad L , Costanzo Michael , Andrews Brenda , Boone Charles
Published: March 2017

Providing access to quantitative genomic data is key to ensure large-scale data validation and promote new discoveries. TheCellMap.org serves as a central repository for storing and analyzing quantitative genetic interaction data produced by genome-scale Synthetic Genetic Array (SGA) experiments with the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In particular, TheCellMap.org allows users to easily access, visualize, explore, and functionally annotate genetic interactions, or to extract and reorganize subnetworks, using data-driven network layouts in an intuitive and interactive manner.
RETROPERITONEAL LAPAROSCOPIC PYELOLITHOTOMY IN RENAL PELVIC STONE VERSUS OPEN SURGERY - A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: Singal Rikki , Dhar Siddharth
Published: March 2017

Background. The introduction of endourological procedures such as percutaneous nephrolithotomy and ureterorenoscopy have led to a revolution in the the management of urinary stone disease. The indications for open stone surgery have been narrowed significantly, making it a second- or third-line treatment option.Aims and Objectives. To study the safety and efficacy of retroperitoneal laparoscopic pyelolithotomy in retroperitoneal renal stone. We compared the results of laparoscopic and open surgery in terms of easy accessibility, operative period, renal injuries, and early recovery.Methods. This prospective study was conducted on renal pelvic stone cases from January 2009 to February 2016 in Suchkhand Hospital, Agra, India. The study included a total of 1700 cases with the diagnosis of solitary renal pelvic stones. In group A - 850 cases - retroperitoneal laparoscopic pyelolithotomy was performed, while group B - 850 cases – underwent open pyelolithotomy.Results. The mean operative time was less in group B than group A (74.83 min vs. 94.43 min) which was significant (p<0.001).The blood loss was less in the laparoscopic group than in the open group (63 mL vs. 103mL). There were statistically significant differences in the post-operative pain scores, and postoperative complications compared to group B (p<0.001). The mean hospital stay was less in group A (p<0.03), which was significant.Conclusion. Laparoscopic surgery reduces analgesic requirements, hospital stay, and blood loss. The disadvantages include the reduced working space, the cost of equipment and the availability of a trained surgeon.
History of Medicine between tradition and modernity
Authors: Bârsu Cristian
Published: March 2017

History of medicine is an extensive and very complex science. In a simple and classical understanding, it has an informative and associative role. Although it is not easy for students to understand the multiple implications of the history of medicine, its importance becomes more evident during their academic formation. The students must be persuaded particularly about the ethical and cultural values that history of medicine has in their training. Furthermore, history of medicine participates in creating the necessary perspective for shaping the future of medicine in the next decades. This is, perhaps, the most interesting role that the history of medicine should play from the modern point of view of students and young physicians. This paper presents different ways of understanding the roles of the history of medicine regarded from the traditional perspective to the contemporary point of view.
The fate of Johannes Sambucus’ library
Authors: Viskolcz Noémi
Published: March 2017

Some of the manuscripts and books of the Hungarian humanist, Johannes Sambucus (1531–1584) are still kept in Vienna, in the Austrian National Library. A source of information puts a new light on the sale and reception of his library. In his last will made in 1583, Sambucus left his library, the manuscripts he still owned and his maps to his son, in 1584, not long after his death, his widow started negotiations about selling them to the Emperor Rudolf II. However, the data clearly suggest that Sambucus’ library did not become en bloc part of the Imperial Library, if the purchase took place at all: only 44 years after Sambucus’ death was a certain part of his library bought by Sebastian Tengnagel for both the Imperial Library and himself. Another result of the research confirms that the philologist Sambucus cannot be separated from the book and manuscript collector Sambucus, and the examples presented here justify why it is worth involving in the research the extant books of the Hungarian humanist.
The Crown of Hungary before and after the Hungarian crowning: The use of the Holy Crown of Hungary in Hungarian revolts and Habsburg representation between 1604 and 1611
Authors: Teszelszky Kees
Published: March 2017

This study deals with the use of the Holy Crown of Hungary in Hungarian revolts and Habsburg representation between 1604 and 1611. It describes how the meaning of the crown suddenly changed after 1604 and how this meaning was spread across the borders of Hungary. The focus is on the use of the crown in the propaganda of King Matthias II at the time of his crowning as King of Bohemia in 1611. This is a rare example of the use of the Hungarian crown in the political legitimation of a ruler in another country outside Hungary, but it has a special ideological background. This use is an aspect of the history of the crown that has been overlooked to this day.
Hydrologic modeling of the loess bluff in Dunaujvaros, Hungary
Authors: Murinkó Gergő , Bene Katalin
Published: March 2017

The western shoreline of the Danube from Érd to Mohács consists of loess bluffs up to 50 m high. These bluffs can be susceptible to landslides when groundwater conditions weaken the supporting loess. Often this will occur during periods of high rainfall, however morphological, geological and other factors are also important in triggering these movements.

Changes in pore water pressures related to precipitation, confined water levels driven by remote catchments, and river level fluctuations are widely recognized as important factors controlling the loess bank stability. This work aims to determine the interaction of rainfall, river level, drainage and local pumping on the pore pressure regime and stability of the bluffs.

As a first step, a realistic 2-dimensional infiltration and groundwater model was built that reflects the influence of river levels, rainfall patterns, and local pumping. Based on model results, initial and boundary conditions have a strong influence on seasonal pore pressures. Further study will better define those influences on slope stability along the bluffs.
Architectural interpretation of the national and university library in Prishtina; the influence in its surroundings
Authors: Jashari-Kajtazi Teuta
Published: March 2017

In Kosovo, originality often meant leftovers inherited from other cultures during centuries of invasion and dominance under the Ottoman Empire. Considering the multinational and multicultural character of Kosovan society and its diversity of religions, Roman Catholic and Orthodox religious buildings cannot be disregarded either. The respect for tradition and the existing environment, including architecture are details to be considered. In this context, the National and University Library could and should be considered a valuable example for the years of general transformation in Prishtina and in all of Kosovo. Even with all the contemporary way of thinking, the traditions, the religion and other regional aspects were not entirely disregarded, especially in the case of the Library building.
PERTUMBUHAN DAN PERKEMBANGAN GONAD EMPAT STOK IKAN BAUNG (Mystus nemurus) GENERAS| PERTAMA
Authors: Suhenda Ningrum , Rusmaedi Rusmaedi , Hardjamulia Atmadja
Published: March 2017

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lanjutan tahun 1999 dan bertujuan untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan dan perkembangan gonad empat stok ikan baung (Mysfus nemurus) generasi pertama.
TOKSISITAS DAN TINGKAT ABSORBSI INSEKTISIDA ENDOSULFAN DAN KLORPIRIFOS PADA IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus) Dl LABORATORIUM
Authors: Sutrisno Sutrisno , Koesoemadinata Santosa , Praseno Ongko
Published: March 2017

Pengujian toksisitas letal dan tingkat absorbsi insektisida endosulfan dan klorpirifos pada ikan nila (Oreochormis niloticus) dilakukan di laboratorium, untuk mengetahui potensi pengaruh negatif insektisida tersebut terhadap budi daya ikan.
ANALISIS EKONOMI USAHA PENANGKAPAN UDANG LAUT (PENAEID) DAN PEMASARANNYA DI PANTAI UTARA JAWA
Authors: Manadiyanto Manadiyanto , Sastrawidjaja Sastrawidjaja , Pranowo Sapto Adi , Sudarmanto Tony
Published: March 2017

Usaha penangkapan udang penaeid di pantai utara Jawa terus berlangsung denganalat tangkap utama adalah jaring tiga lapis, jaring arad dan rampus. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa usaha penangkapan udang penaeid masih belum memberikantingkat kesejahteraan khususnya bagi nelayan penggarap.
BEBERAPA ASPEK PEMASARAN IKAN AIR TAWAR DI KABUPATEN MUARA ENIM, SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Nasution Zahri , Sunarno Mas Tri Djoko
Published: March 2017

Riset tentang pemasaran ikan air tawar di Kabupaten Muara Enim, Sumatera Selatantelah dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan Rapid Appraisal. Penetapan wilayah kecamatan contoh dilakukan secara sengaja menggunakan kriteria mewakili daerah bagian hulu, tengah dan hilir wilayah kabupaten.