bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanism of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promoting Migration Ability In Vitro During Traumatic Fracture Healing in Rats
Authors: Zhang Chengliang , Liu Lei , Li Yecheng , Wu Jianwei , Zhu Baolin
Published: April 2020

Traumatic fractures are clinically common orthopaedic diseases that can cause activity disorders and complications. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have osteogenic differentiation and are important seed cells in bone tissue engineering. However, the role of BMSCs in fracture
healing remains unclear. SD rats traumatic femoral fracture models were established and were randomly divided into fracture group and BMSCs group, in which BMSCs injected through tail vein followed by analysis of bone mineral density, ALP activity, expression of Runx2, OC and formation of
type I collagen by real time PCR, BMSCs migration by Transwell and CXCR4 expression by Western blot. BMSCs can significantly promote the increase of bone mineral density in osteophytes of rats with fracture, increase the expression of Runx2 and OC, promote the increase of ALP activity, increase
the expression of type I collagen, the migration ability of BMSCs, as well as significantly increase the expression of CXCR4 compared to fracture group (P < 0.05). BMSCs can increase CXCR4 expression in rats with traumatic fracture. Endogenous BMSCs infusion can promote the migration
of BMSCs in vitro, increase the osteogenic transformation of bone defects and promote fracture healing.
Biomechanical Mechanisms and Hemodynamics in the Case of Stenosis
Authors: Huang Yu-Chou , Cheng Han-Yi
Published: April 2020

The objective of the present study is to investigate the blood flow of the artery with stenosis using finite element method. Three-dimensional 3-D artery models were reconstructed to simulate blood hemodynamic behaviors from magnetic resonance images. Many papers have studied 3-D finite
element artery models, but few have examined the effects of different stenosis thicknesses in arteries. It is imperative to incorporate the mechanical properties of a diseased artery segment into treatment planning because stress is a strong biological trigger that directs atherosclerosis
protection. Stress may also have predictive value to pinpoint regions at risk for restenosis. The results showed that stenosis of a 1 mm thickness decreased the blood flow velocity about 48%. This confirmed that stenosis also induces abnormal stress in the narrowest position of a vascular
wall. This research provides information for arteries with stenosis in clinical treatment.
Down-Regulation of Notch-2 Promotes the Osteogenic Differentiation of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells in High Glucose Environment by Targeting Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated Protein
Authors: Zhang Zhenhua , Li Dianguo , Sun Xiaogang , Xu Jialong
Published: April 2020

BMSCs Differentiation into osteoblasts is beneficial for treating osteoporosis. Notch signaling pathway regulates the proliferation of BMSCs. However, Notch-2's effect on osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in high glucose environment remains unclear. Rat BMSCs were isolated and divided
into control group, high glucose group, Notch-2 siRNA group, in which BMSCs cells were transfected with Notch-2 siRNA under high glucose environment followed by analysis of Notch-2 mRNA expression by Real time PCR, cell proliferation by MTT assay, Caspase 3 activity, ALP activity, expression
of osteogenic genes Runx2 and BMP-2 by Real time PCR, TNF-α and IL-2 secretion by ELISA, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and FTO protein expression by Western blot. In high glucose group, Notch-2 expression was increased with inhibited cell proliferation,
increased Caspase 3 activity and decreased ALP activity. Meanwhile, high glucose significantly increased MPO content, decreased SOD activity, increased TNF-α and IL-2 secretion and FTO expression, and reduced Runx2 and BMP-2 expression (P < 0.05); Notch-2 siRNA transfection
significantly down-regulated Notch-2 expression, promoted BMSCs cell proliferation, decreased Caspase 3 activity and increased ALP activity. In addition, it also significantly decreased MPO content, increased SOD activity, decreased TNF-α and IL-2 and FTO expression as well as
increased Runx2 and BMP-2 expression (P < 0.05). Notch-2 is upregulated in BMSCs under high glucose. Down-regulation of Notch-2 in BMSCs under high glucose environment could promote BMSCs proliferation and osteogenic differentiation.
Construction of Repulsive Guidance Molecule A-Specific RNA Interference Recombinant Adenovirus
Authors: Wang Xiao , Zhang Yong , Sun Xiang-Dong , Cheng Jing-Liang
Published: April 2020

This study aims to construct an RGMa RNAi plasmid in preparation for a subsequent research, and three shRNAs were designed for collection. The designed shRNAs were taken into the target plasmid of pegensil-1 to silence the mRNA of RGMa. Sequencing and enzyme identification were performed,
and PC12 cells were transfected with a shRNA-containing plasmid. Then, the effect of the silencing of the gene was tested by RT-PCR using PC12 cells and to choose the best one. The results showed that the first one was choose for the subsequent research among these three designed shRNAs, which
had the highest transfection efficiency and a concentration of 2.5 × 109 pfu/ml. The concentration of Adv(–) was 2.1 × 109 pfu/ml for the blank control. The effect of the constructed RGMa RNAi plasmid for the subsequent research is stable and effective.
miRNA-206 Regulates EVI1 Gene Expression, Akt Signaling Pathway and Cell Biological Behavior in Gastric Cancer Cells
Authors: Jia Wanjun , Zhang Yabin , Wang Ruian
Published: April 2020

To investigate the impact of miRNA-206 on the transcriptional expression of EVI1 gene and activation of Akt/JNK signaling pathway in gastric cancer cells, and to provide a new idea for gene-targeted therapy of gastric cancer. The miRNA-206 transfection experiment was firstly used to
verify the regulation of EVI1. The experiment was divided into three groups: miRNA-206 mimics (100 nM), miRNA-206 inhibitor (100 nM), miR-NC (100 nM), and transfected into gastric cancer cells sgc7901, Western blot. EVI1 protein expression was detected; then the signal transduction and biological
behavior of the cells were verified by miRNA-206 lentiviral vector transfection experiments. The experiment was divided into three groups: pLB-miRNA-206 group, empty vector group and control group (sgc7901 cell group). miRNA-206 and EVI1 mRNA levels were detected by real-time fluorescence
quantitative (RT-PCR), and p-Akt and p-JNK were detected by Western blot. Protein expression, cell proliferation was quantified by MTT assay, and the alteration of cell cycle were detected by flow cytometry. miRNA-206 may affect the cell proliferation and division cycle by targeting the regulation
of EVI1 transcriptional gene expression and activation of Akt/JNK signaling pathway in gastric cancer cells, and it is expected to provide an important selection site for gene-targeted therapy of gastric cancer.
Performance of Sequencing Batch Reactor Treating Sewage Using Two Stage Anoxic Aerobic
Authors: Aida Isma M. I. , Ashvini R. , Munira M.
Published: April 2020

Sequencing batch reactor technology (SBR) is an increasingly popular reactor configuration because of flexibility of operation in the treatment of domestic wastewater. However, the combined two stage anoxic-aerobic for further nitrogen removal has not been explored further. This study
aims to determine the performance efficiency of two-stage anoxic-aerobic using sequencing batch reactor. 10 L of SBR reactor was operated twice daily. The system was operated on a 500 minutes cycle with 10 minutes of feeding, 300 minutes for reacting, 60 minutes of sedimentation, 10 minutes
of decanting and 120 minutes for an idle period. Effluent quality (chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammoniacal nitrogen (NH4–N), total suspended solids (TSS)), particle size and sludge settleability have been analyzed over a period of 35 days of operation. Results shows that
the overall efficiencies for COD, TSS and NH4–N were 93.8%, 98.4 % and 85.9%, respectively. In the lab scale SBR reactor unit, the 2 h anoxic/1.5 h aerobic period resulted in good process performance with COD, NH4–N and TSS removal of 66.0%, 78.5% and 59.4
%, respectively. Increasing the length of anoxic up to 1 h did not enhance the NH4–N removal with 4.5% in anoxic phase and 7.2% in aerobic phase. Sludge settleability became poorer as the ciliate species becomes rich. The particle size of the sludge was observed to increase
from 117.743 μm to 127.310 μm. It is recommended that the duration of combined anoxic/aerobic periods should be optimized to achieve maximum performance and nutrient removal.
Adaptation of Pioneer Plant at the Coal Mining Area in East Kalimantan Indonesia
Authors: Sasmita Nanang , Komara Liris Lis , Gusti Ayu Diah Yuniti I. , Purba Jhon Hardy
Published: April 2020

Environment quality decrease is one of the impact of coal mining activities in East Kalimantan. The land becomes barren and critical, making it difficult for plants to grow and adapt, therefore post-mining area needs to be rehabilitated to restore the soil of the land as an important
factor in crop cultivation. Before being planted with local trees, the environmental conditions must be suitable for seedlings to be planted. One of the pioneer plants functions is to stabilize the post-mining environmental conditions. The objective of this study was to determine a pioneer
species that have a well adapt to the post-coal mining environment in East Kalimantan. This study using completely randomized block design. The plot used a rectangular 30×25 meter plot of 15 plots for five pioneer tree species. Data collected were the plant life percentage, plant height,
stem diameter and crown diameter. The study result showed that from the five species of pioneer plants there were three species has an optimal growth they are Alstonia scholaris, Homalanthus populneus and Croton argyratus. Based on the List Significance Difference test 5% level results shows
the Alstonia scholaris and Croton argyratus life percentage is not significantly different with Homalanthus populneus, but it is very different from Macaranga gigantea and Trema tomentosa. Homalanthus populneus is the most adaptable pioneer species in the open area, its growing in the open
post-mining area and from the forest with has intact condition. The genetic factors really affect the adaptation and growth of pioneer plants in post-mining areas.
Determination of Parabens from Water Samples Using Cloud Point Extraction, Vortex Extraction and Liquid–Liquid Extraction Method Coupled with High Performance Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Saleh Noorashikin Md , Hafiz N. M. , NikWee Nik Nur Atiqah
Published: April 2020

A straightforward and efficient way for extraction of parabens that is methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben and benzylparaben in environmental water samples was developed through optimizing parameters for each method of extraction. In this study, methods involved were cloud point
extraction, vortex extraction, and liquid–liquid extraction. The parameters affecting the method of extraction were such as salt concentration, surfactant concentration, type of solvent, temperature, ratio of solvent to water and extraction time. The optimum parameter for cloud point
extraction method were 1.0 M of salt, 1.0% v/v of surfactant, ratio of surfactant to water is 1:1, extraction time is 1 minute at 30 °C while vortex extraction method, optimum parameter is 1.0 M salt, using acetonitrile as a solvent, ratio 1 solvent: 4 water, and extracted at 1 minute.
For the liquid–liquid extraction method, the optimum parameter was at 1.0 M salt, acetonitrile as a solvent, ratio of solvent to water is 1:1 and extraction time at 1 minute. The correlation coefficient for the calibration of paraben at concentration 0.2 ppm–1.0 ppm was in the
range from 0.9703 to 0.9942. The limit of detection of studied paraben were 0.1627, 0.0837, 0.1156 and 0.1918 ppm, respectively. Percentage recovery for cloud point extraction, vortex extraction and liquid–liquid extraction were between 41%–147.9%, 26.5%–134.7%, and 31.4%–142.4%
respectively. Each sample is repeated with triplication which the value of the relative standard deviation is less than 17.9%. Thus, the most suitable, efficient and effective method in extraction of paraben from water samples is cloud point extraction. The cloud point extraction shows the
potential to be explore on the future extraction of others organic pollutants from water samples.
Dry Dust Collector and Ceramic Silica Sand Waste as Clays Stabilizer
Authors: Srie Gunarti Anita Setyowati , Samsiana Seta , Raharja Irwan
Published: April 2020

This study aims to find solutions related to civil construction problems such as road damage and foundation cracks, providing information on changes in physical and mechanical properties of clay due to physical and chemical changes by optimizing the utilization of industrial waste produced
that is dry dust collector and silica ceramic sand waste. The advantage of the resulting product is in the innovation of combining two different types of industrial waste as soil clay stabilization material. It is done to answer the growing demands of Green Technology in civil engineering,
the innovation the waste utilization is expected to increase the soil strength so the infrastructure built on can be supported better. The research designed is laboratory experiment with chemical stabilization method that is by performing a series of physical properties tests including specific
gravity, water content, plasticity index, and mechanical properties test including Standard Compaction Proctor and California Bearing Ratio test using Japanese Standard on original soil and soil combined with dry dust collector waste and ceramic silica sand waste (stabilized soil). The results
showed the increase of California Bearing Ratio value by 5.5% compare to original soil in the 0% Dry Dust Collector with 5% silica ceramic sand waste composition. The addition of Dry Dust Collector decreases the California Bearing Ratio value, so as with addition of both waste type.
Robotic Monitoring of Human and Animal-Real Time and Automated
Authors: Haryatmi Emy , Sugihharto Aris Tito , Mujahidin Maulana
Published: April 2020

Autonomous robotic monitoring of human and animal used to secure the house or the flat. This robot can move freely from one side to another side of the house or the flat. Accordingly, this robot is sending the vision to android smartphone in real time. Therefore, the owner of the house
or the flat can see inside the house while they were not around. The objective of this research is to develop autonomous robotic to be able to monitor the area from the existing of human and animal and send the vision to android smartphone in real time. This research used four leg robotic
as an autonomous robotic monitoring. Four leg robotic is equipped with camera which connected to router based on wireless connection, PIR and ultrasonic sensor and GSM module to send short message service (SMS) notification if PIR sensor detect some movement. The experiment used cat as an
animal object. Experiment showed that this robot can follow the object, either a human or an animal, within range of 10–45 cm from robot in 12 seconds and send the vision to android smartphone in real-time. The SMS is received in 5 seconds after camera capture the object. This robotic
cannot determine who is the object on the camera because it is not equipped with object detection system.
Risk in Property Appraisal Report: A Perception of Estate Surveyors and Valuer in Nigeria
Authors: Jagun Zainab Toyin , Daud Dzurllkanian Bin , Samsudin Salfarina Binti
Published: April 2020

Risk analyses are necessary for many forms of investment; therefore, it is vital for Estate Surveyors and Valuers to link and account for these risks explicitly to clients by incorporating more detailed risk analysis techniques to the present appraisal techniques used in order to guard
their clients against the effects of instability in the expected outcome of their development. Data collected amongst 90 estate firms in phase III Abuja revealed that only few Estate Surveyors and Valuers firms have carried out the feasibility and viability appraisal in Abuja metropolis in
the past 20 years. Analyses of data collected were made using frequency counts, percentage tables and Mean Item Scores, based on 5 points Likert scale with spearman ranking in descending order. From the study, the result shows the significant risk provided for are political, economic, and
legal risk, while sensitivity analysis was the most preferred risk analysis technique used by Estate Surveyors and Valuer, the research work also revealed that the more complex the method of analysis, the lower the usage. Monte Carlos technique is recommended to be a suitable method that Estate
Surveyors and Valuers can use to report risk explicitly to clients.
The Effect of Learning and Metacognition on Mathemathics Learning Outcomes in Vocational School by Controlling Initial Mathemathical Knowledge
Authors: Setyowati Arum , Syahrial Zulfiati , Musnir Diana Nomida , Siang Jhoni Lagun
Published: April 2020

The research is to determined the effect of instructional strategies and metacognition on mathematics learning outcomes with initial mathematics knowledge as covariat variable. This research conducted at state vocational high school 7 Bekasi during March to May 2018 an used a quasi
experimental method with treatment by level 2×2. A sample of 64 students was randomly chosen. Analysis Covariat (ANCOVA) and Tukey tes applied to analyzed the data. The result show that: (1) Mathematics learning outcomes between groups of students were given an inquiry learning strategy
was higher than the group of students who were given conventional strategy controlled by initial mathematics knowledge; (2) There is an interaction effect between learning strategies and metacognition on mathematics learning outcomes with initial mathematics knowledge; (3) For a group of students
who have a tendency to metacognition high, mathematics learning outcomes between groups of students taught inquiry learning strategies higher than those students who are taught by an expository strategy controlled by initial mathematics knowledge; (4) For a group of students have a tendency
metacognition low, the result of studying mathematics between groups of students taught using inquiry learning strategy is not different with group of students taught by an expository learning strategy controlled by initial mathematics knowledge.
Reasons Behind Consumer’s Behavioral Intentions Toward Digital Piracy
Authors: Abdul Aziz Nor Azah , Ti Khoo Qiu , Azman Hartini , Sufian Atirah
Published: April 2020

This study investigates the reasons (social influence, economic factors, consumer morality and technology factors) that influence punter’s behavioral intention toward digital piracy. The study adopted a quantitative method, and 150 questionnaires were distributed to target respondents
in this research through Google Form Online. From the result, three factors showed a significantly positive relationship with consumer’s behavioral intention toward digital piracy. This study can help related parties to more understand the reasons behind consumers’ behavioral intentions
toward digital piracy and achieve reducing digital piracy case purposes.
Employee Production Factor in Economic Development (A Study in Indonesia)
Authors: Bangun Wilson
Published: April 2020

Economic growth is one measure of development that reflects the welfare of society in a country. In Indonesia, labor production factors make the biggest contribution to economic growth compared to capital and technology production factors. However, the quality of Indonesian labor is
the lowest compared to ASEAN-5. This study using approach of Neo Classic to know the magnitude of the contribution of production factors: Labor, capital, and technology to Indonesia economic growth by using the Cobb Douglas production function which is changed in a multiple regression equation.
The results of this study indicate that production factors labor and investment significantly influence Indonesia economic growth. While production factors of technology have influence is little on Indonesia economic growth. Based on the results of this study, it is suggested that the Indonesian
government improve the quality of the workforce through improving education aspects.
The Digital Marketing Past, Present, and Future in Malaysia
Authors: Khan Nohman , Qureshi Muhammad Imran , Mustapha Ishamuddin , Harasis Ahmad Ali , Ashfaq Muhammad
Published: April 2020

Digitization has moved toward becoming a piece of our everyday activities. It is forming the conventional manners by which buyers and organizations connect with one another. Digitization and particularly internet-based social networking have been professed to change buyer conduct. A
literature review is a research that plans to encourage hypothesis advancement, add to filling potential gaps, and uncover spheres where more study is required utilizing present discussion that covers this subject. The review paper is intended to investigate Digital promoting and internet
advertising job in the Malaysian economy. The organizations are spurred to embrace Digital Marketing for extending the business ways. The examination investigated the Scopus information base for Digital Marketing distributed Research in Malaysia. The target of this paper is to give precise
research on Digital Marketing in Malaysia over the past several years. That’s why, a quantitative survey dependent on the bibliometric investigation and a subjective review. In the wake of looking into the internet promoting discussion for as long as eight years and the related prevalent
press, there have all the attributes of being significant research territories that are probably going to develop insignificance. This keeps on being concern by purchasers relating to trust and security on the internet marketing and purchasing and selling.
Development of Safety Plan Based on Work Breakdown Structure to Determine Safety Costs for Building Construction Projects. Case Study: Lower Structure Building
Authors: Rajagukguk Steven Anderson T. M. , Latief Yusuf
Published: April 2020

The construction industry has an important role in the economic development of the country, especially developing countries. However, along with the increase in the construction sector, work accidents in the construction sector also increased. This accident has a negative impact on
the project, such as loss of life, material, time, and others. The risk of workplace accidents can be prevented through a well-designed safety management system. The prevention of the workplace accidents can be done by identifying potential hazards that occur in each activity contained in
the work breakdown structure (WBS). Identification of potential hazards is needed to be planned well so that the construction companies can take the best preventive action against any potential hazards that exist in each activity of the construction projects, so the safety performance can
be improved. After the potential hazards have been identified, then the preventive actions are taken to control the hazards to minimize the safety risk rate. The implementation of safety programs requires costs. But there is no separate budget in this sector that make the implementation of
the safety management is still not optimal. Thus, the financing of the safety management system was taken from the project budget, which led to a reduction in the profits of construction companies. This study aims to develop the cost of safety management system based on work breakdown structure
on the building lower structure work. The results of this study are the standardized WBS of the lower structure of buildings, potential hazard sources in the lower structure of the building construction projects, the preventive action to each potential hazards in each activity, and finding
the safety cost components based on work breakdown structure with the aim of improving the quality of the occupational health and safety management system and reducing work accidents in the building construction projects.
Mapping and Development Strategy of Small and Medium Food Industry in the Province of Jakarta
Authors: Parid Miftah , Hasibuan Sawarni
Published: April 2020

The growth of small and medium industries in Indonesia has generally been predicted to be decreased. Almost all the Small and Medium Industry sector as well as the SME’s Food in the DKI Jakarta Province. However, the SME’s Food development program still seems to be not optimal,
the competitiveness of SME’s Food in DKI Jakarta is still relatively weak if it is to be compared to SME’s Food in other Regions or Countries. One of the problems is the lack of mapping and strategies that still exists in the development of the food SME’s in DKI Jakarta.
This mapping must be done internally and externally so that it can describe the right strategy to develop food SME’s in DKI Jakarta. The purpose of this study was to carry out mapping and strategy for the development of SME’s Food in DKI Jakarta. The data used includes primary
data and secondary data. Primary data is obtained from the results of field surveys through interviews, observations, questionnaires and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Both of the Central and DKI Jakarta Provinces were both at the Central and DKI Jakarta. The strategy for developing SME’s
Food in DKI Jakarta was developed using the SWOT method. The results of the analysis show that supporting the aggressive growth policy (Strength Oriented Strategy) where Strengths are the scale of the business of SME’s with the support of capital access for the Food Industry in DKI Jakarta.
Gain Improvement and Bandwidth Extension of Ultra-Wide Band Micro-Strip Patch Antenna Using Electromagnetic Band Gap Slots and Superstrate Techniques
Authors: Abdullah Al-Gburi Ahmed Jamal , Ibrahim I. M. , Zakaria Z. , Khaleel Aymen Dheyaa
Published: April 2020

In this article, the ultrawideband of micro-strip patch antenna is proposed bandwidth and gain were enhanced. The techniques that using to improve the gain and bandwidth are EBG slots and superstrate. The designed structure is implemented using computer simulation technology software
(CST). The achievement gain of antenna is increased by 26.4% on 10.5 GHz of frequency. While the bandwidth of the proposed antenna is increased to 161%, the range from 2.67 to 26 GHz. This range of frequency is cover UWB, GPS, 5G mobile cellular, LTE, WLAN 802.11b/g UMTS2000, WiMAX, PCS1900,
TD-SCDMA and Bluetooth applications. On the other hand, the ability of the superstrate allows to smaller leverage on the cross polarization accomplishment of an antenna slots. The compares between impedance bandwidth and gain by way of like the radiation patterns are debated at competence
of benefit. Finally, there are perfect harmony between simulated and fabricated results.
Exploring Gamification Component Framework to Enhance Motivation in Higher Education: Literature Review
Authors: Sari Pratiwi Kartika , Wibawa Basuki , Ibrahim Nurdin
Published: April 2020

One of approaches to increase learning motivation is by using gamification in education. The framework of gamification implementation is MDA (Mechanic, Dynamic, and Aesthetic). Now days, gamification is used more frequently in higher education. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate
any MDA components that able to increase learning motivation and learning outcomes. By knowing the trends in the implementation of gamification components that can increase learning motivation and outcomes, then gamification designer can have a basic foundation in the application of gamification
in higher education. Furthermore, this study also investigates the application of counterproductive MDA components related to learning motivation and learning outcomes. This study involved gami- fication research at higher education conducted from 2015 to 2018.
Thermodynamic Analysis of Aqueous Phase Reforming of Sorbitol
Authors: Nadzru Najwa Afaf , Syuhada Ain , Azizan Mohammad Tazli , Ameen Mariam
Published: April 2020

The objectives of this study were to investigate the most thermodynamically favoured reaction pathway during APR of sorbitol. The thermodynamic analysis of APR of sorbitol was studied using ASPEN Plus V8.0 by applying Gibbs free energy minimization principle, operating at different
temperatures (300–800 K), pressure (10–30 bar) and sorbitol concentration (1%, 3%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%). The simulation model was validated by comparing the results with the existing work conducted by Serentis and Tsiakaras. The results obtained show that the mol fraction and
trend of H2, CO2 and CH4 for both cases are almost similar to the existing work. Therefore the simulation model was validated. Five main reaction pathways of APR of sorbitol were identified and intermediates of each reaction pathway were defined according to their stages and their composition
was analyzed. The result obtained show that the decarbonylation reaction (pathway 2) is the most thermodynamically favoured pathway with a total dry basis percentage of 21%.
Physical and Rheological Characterization of Waste Engine Oil in Aged Asphalt Binder
Authors: Samsuri Nur Shahira , Hassan Norhidayah Abdul , Kamaruddin Nurul Hidayah Mohd , Hainin Mohd Rosli , Abdullah Mohd Ezree , Mohd Yunus Mohd Khairul Nizam
Published: April 2020

This research examines the impacts of adding various source and percentages of waste engine oil (WEO) on the physical and rheological characteristics of asphalt binder comprising aged asphalt binder. A base asphalt binder with penetration grade of 80/100 and aged binder were blended
with three sources of WEO at 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% by the weight of asphalt binder. These oils were collected from light vehicle (motorcycle), heavy vehicle (lorry), and heavy machinery (tractor). Penetration and softening point procedures were done to define the physical properties of
the unmodified and modified asphalt binders. Meanwhile, the rheological property was evaluated with a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR). The results show that the high percentages of WEO increased the penetration and decreased the softening point. The addition of 15% and 20% of WEO especially
from heavy machinery reduced the rutting resistance. Therefore, it is recommended that the modification of aged binder with these types of WEO should be up to 10%.
The Impact of Mechanical Weathering on the Durability Strength Index of Ayer Hitam Shale Under Various Weathering Grades and Conditions
Authors: Dan Mohd Firdaus Md , Amaran Syahrul Aida , Madun Aziman , Idris Ummu Aiman , Abu Talib Mohd Khaidir , Zainorabidin Adnan
Published: April 2020

Shale is significantly weaker and less durable than other types of rock and is easy to break when it is exposed to continuous wetting and drying activities. As a construction material, the durability strength index of weathered shale in Ayer Hitam, Johor, Malaysia is poorly investigated
and not well understood. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of mechanical weathering on the durability strength index of Ayer Hitam weathered shale under several different conditions. Three hundred sixty samples of weathered shale which are classified as weathering grade
II to IV were tested within the fifth cycles of the slake durability test under three different conditions namely: Natural weathering, dry, and saturated sample. The results showed that the weathered shale with the highest moisture content of 27.78% and the lowest strength index with 1% after
the fifth cycle at week 8 was the weathering grade IV under saturated condition. It was also found that the reduction in the durability strength index was more than 90% with increased moisture content and weathering grades. In conclusion, the durability strength index of shale depends upon
the number of cycles or weathering grade, duration of water immersion as well as moisture content.
Module Development for STEM Education Achievement: A Case Study at the Secondary School Level
Authors: Othman Zarith Sofiah , Ismail Nurhuda , Khalid Ahmad Khudzairi , Tukiman Norbaiti
Published: April 2020

STEM Education through the Malaysia Education Blueprint 2013–2025 (PPPM 2013–2025) is an important agenda in the transformation of education to prepare the younger generation for the challenges of the 21st century. Over the years, STEM was carried out, but there are still
some issues which contribute towards the failure in achieving a policy percentage set of 60% science and 40% literary studies in secondary schools. The target to increase the number of Science students was not achieved. Therefore, this study was conducted to produce a STEM@IDEAS module as
an alternative to increase students’ interest and understanding in solving the synopsis of learning in science, technology and mathematics (STEM). The module STEM@IDEAS focuses in competition design and generating prototype products through a variety of synopsis statements. STEM practices
provide students with various trainings such as application of knowledge, skills and assessment to solve synopsis. This study has five (5) STEM practice steps and a total of three (3) modules which will be applied using the STEM elements. Furthermore, the STEM@IDEAS module was tested on several
groups of four secondary school students around Pasir Gudang, Johor. A questionnaire was used to evaluate if STEM@IDEAS modules are in line with STEM and its impact on students. This survey uses a Likert scale of 0 to 4 to evaluate starting from 0 (strongly disagree) up to 4 (strongly agree)
for each question submitted in each section. The STEM@IDEAS module and the above study are expected to be a source of interest and an alternative way for schools to support the nation’s education policy in strengthening the education development plans towards the nation’s progress.
Secure Quick Response Based on Dynamic Quick Response Code
Authors: Johar Md Gapar Md , Ibrahim Zairina , Mohd Hamidi Nur Farhana
Published: April 2020

This paper aims to explain the nature of quick response (QR) codes and their possible applications in attendance monitoring system at several universities. The aim of this research was to avoid QR code scanning for students who do not attend classes. A QR Code is a two dimensional barcode
that is capable of storing a lots of information and various types of information. QR codes have a wide range of uses, including easy storage and transmission of data including web link URLs (Uniform Resource Locators), plain text, email addresses, contact information, SMS or MMS, calendar
entries, Wireless network login and more. Based on research and observation, there are many students who like to take a picture of the code and send it to their friends who do not attend the class. There will be an injustice between students attending classes and not attending classes with
this problem. Therefore, this research has developed an application of QR code scanner that can scan the QR code whether it is original or copy. In addition, the research has also developed a system of QR code generator and the system will generate the code to become Dynamic QR Code.
The Impact of Consumers’ Attitude Towards Mobile Payment Feasibility
Authors: Abdul Aziz Nor Azah , Wen Lam Jia , Azman Hartini , Sufian Atirah
Published: April 2020

This study discussed about the impact of consumers’ attitude towards mobile payment feasibility in Malaysia. The research focused on three research objectives which are; (1) to identify the consumers’ concerns that influencing the mobile payments feasibility in Malaysia,
(2) to investigate the relationships between perceived security, payment culture, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use, and (3) to identify the main consumers’ concern that influencing the mobile payment feasibility in Malaysia. In this research, the researcher carried out
a survey among the young public to access the performance of mobile payment services available in Malaysia. Besides, the direct opinion from the consumers is able to enhance the insight of the service providers. In conclusion, mobile payment feasibility is important to realise Bank Negara
Malaysia (BNM) strategy which is Malaysia becomes a cashless society by 2050.
A Review of Water Level Fluctuation Models and Modelling Initiatives
Authors: Hussaini Alhaji , Mahmud Mohd Razali , Wee Kelvin Tang Kang , Abubakar Auwal Garba
Published: April 2020

In recent times, lakes have been essentially influenced by global warming and environmental dynamic, and this has been worsened via land cover changes, thereby raising the rate of their shrinkage and numerous models were proposed. The vast majority of these models have similar objectives,
however they vary in terms of application, hypotheses assumptions. Water level fluctuation modelling project, globally has been revised in this study so as to provide evidence for further water level fluctuation modelling improvement. The scientific ideas of the modelling approaches were fundamentally
observed for proper understanding of their main aspects and furthermore to provide a comprehensive depiction of the existing water level fluctuation modelling work, which has mostly overlooked in the previous studies.
Low Temperature Synthesis of Li4Ti5O12 Nanowire as Anode for Lithium Ion Batteries
Authors: Noerochim Lukman , Widyastuti  , Nurdiansah Haniffudin , Prihandoko Bambang
Published: April 2020

Low temperature synthesis process of Li4Ti5O12 nanowire is successfully performed by hydrothermal method at temperature 100 °C with holding time for 18, 24 and 30 h. XRD results show the presence of two phases are Li4Ti5O12
and TiO2. The morphology of Li4Ti5O12 nanowire is clearly observed by SEM with the length nanowire of 1.391–5.865 μm, and diameter of 19.43–97.14 nm. The Li4Ti5O12 with holding time of 24 h has
the highest specific discharge capacity of 66.287 mAh/g. While the capacity decrease of 3.22% after 30 cycle. It is attributed to the largest surface area enhancing smallest diffusion path for Li+ ion. Furthermore, the dual-phase Li4Ti5O12–Ti12
with holding time of 24 h has the most excellent conductivity due to the low of charge-transfer resistance. Therefore, the Li4Ti5O12 nanowire can be a promising material as anode for lithium-ion batteries.
Dynamic Interfacial Tension Behavior of Pure and Binary Surfactant System
Authors: Akhir Nur Asyraf Md , Saaid Ismail Mohd , Idris Ahmad Kamal , Ramli Anita , Ismail Nurul Amirah , Hamid Afif Izwan Abd
Published: April 2020

Surfactants are very important surface-active agents in implementation of chemical enhanced oil recovery for oil-water interfacial tension and wettability alteration. However, the high adsorption of surfactant on reservoir rock reduces the efficiency of surfactant flooding. Conventionally,
inorganic alkali has been introduced to reduce adsorption of surfactant, but alkali will lead to the formation of emulsion, formation damage and scaling. Therefore, lignosulfonate, a sacrificial agent has been introduced as an alternative to inorganic alkali. In this paper, the critical micelle
concentration (CMC) and dynamic interfacial tension (IFT) behavior of a pure and binary system of internal olefin sulfonate (IOS) and lignosulfonate (LS) at brine-decane interfaces are determined by using a spinning drop method. The physicochemical properties of pure and binary of IOS and
LS system are determined by conductivity and pH measurements. The CMC value of IOS in 3.5 wt% brine salinity is higher compared to LS due to the isomeric branched of IOS which can occupy a larger area per molecules. The dynamic interfacial tension of IOS shows the fast adsorption of surfactant
molecules to the brine-decane interfaces. This is indicated by the fast equilibrium interfacial tension reached by IOS. In comparison, the LS pure system shows decreasing behavior of dynamic interfacial tension. The fast adsorption at the interfaces is only reached for higher LS concentrations.
The synergy effect between IOS and LS system shows a reduction in the interfacial value with LS optimum concentration of 0.6 wt%. The drop in conductivity and pH values indicated the development of a tightly packed lamellar liquid crystalline structure. These physicochemical properties are
in agreement with the dynamic interfacial tension behavior of the IOS and LS system. This study has demonstrated the significant impact of the LS addition in reducing the dynamic interfacial tension of the surfactant system.
Properties of Concrete Containing Bamboo Waste as Cement Replacement
Authors: Shukor Lim Nor Hasanah Abdul , Shaari Farah Hanum , Shaari Eliza Hanum , Sam Abdul Rahman Mohd , Khalid Nur Hafizah Abd , Ariffin Nur Farhayu , Muthusamy Khairunisa
Published: April 2020

The application of copious and low-cost waste items, mainly from neat resources, has developed extra demanding than always. This paper debates the utilization of bamboo waste as original and new things in the building industry. The study comprises rudimentary characteristics, containing
the morphology of the ingredients in terms of variations in the composition procedure. The bamboo ash was recycled as cement respect to with 10%, 20% and 30% replacement. The materials characteristic of bamboo ash, strength activity index, fresh state properties and strength properties of
concrete were examined too. The concrete was cast in 100×100×100 mm cube size and compared with conventional concrete. The result how that bamboo ash show pozzolanic properties and 20% cement replacement by bamboo ash give comparable strength with control specimens at 28 days,
which achieved the target design strength. The total outcomes have exposed that the addition of bamboo ash can produce concrete with more power, higher class and sustainability.
Modelling and Comparison of Different Control Techniques for 1-MW Wind Turbine to Extract Maximum Power Through Pitch Angle Control
Authors: Iqbal Atif , Ying Deng , Saleem Adeel , Hayat Muhammad Aftab , Samad Muhammad Adnan
Published: April 2020

Wind energy is the most clean and attractive source in addition to it abundant in nature. The main challenge in extracting the energy through wind is the uneven and unfamiliar turbulent wind field. Wind turbine pitch system plays pivotal role in achieving required blade angle along
with it to run generator at its rated speed. This paper focuses blade pitch control to improve power and to keep the system working in stable and safe manner. Blade pitch angle control has an important role in achieving maximum power, so the proposed controller is presented to maximize the
power and protect the system in case of uncertain conditions. Proposed controller is compared with conventional controller to investigate in addition to validate the technique as well as working. Different case studies over variable wind speed has been discussed to get the improved power and
to achieve safe and normal operation. Simulation is implemented on 1-MW wind turbine through MATLAB/Simulink and achieved the improved results from proposed controller.
Modelling and Implementation of Microprocessor Based Numerical Relay for Protection Against Over/Under Current, Over/Under Voltage
Authors: Saleem Adeel , Iqbal Atif , Mehmood Kashif , Samad Muhammad Adnan , Hayat Muhammad Aftab , Manzoor Usamah
Published: April 2020

This paper includes the design and implementation of Numerical Relay that can protect the equipment against over-voltage, over-current and under voltage. Although, every power system is subjected to faults and these faults can severe damage to the power system. Therefore, it is necessary
to observe and resolve in time to avoid a large damage such as blackouts. For this purpose, there should be some sensing devices, which give signals to the circuit breakers for preventing of power system damages. The multipurpose relays have much importance role in power system for sensing
and measuring the amplitude of faults. Numerical relay provides settings of over-current, overvoltage and under voltage values. Simulations have been carried out using Proteus software along with tested on hardware with Arduino Uno Microcontroller that proves the working and operation of numerical
relay.
Web Development for Training in Social Competence Pre-Service Education with a Cooperative Learning Strategy
Authors: Sjafei Irna , Muslim Suyitno , Sukardjo Moch.
Published: April 2020

The use of web-based learning is not a new phenomenon in the world of education nowadays. There is a lot of research on web-based learning that shows the result of learning processes that are effective, interesting ang dynamic, flexible to access, choose on time and cheap. In the development
of web-based learning (e-learning) as a study to overcome the problem of social competence in teacher education has not been widely done. This idea responds to the ownership of student social competence in teacher education which tends to be less than optimal. For this reason, web-based social
competency training is proposed as an alternative solution to improve the social competence of pre-service teacher students. This research is used to develop web media with cooperative learning strategies that will be used for pre-service teacher social competency training. The main objective
of this research is to develop web media that is suitable for training. The use of Research and Development methods (R&D) with the beginning of qualitative descriptive research and followed by evaluation. Qualitative research to collect data and information about research objects, situations
and environmental settings and describe the stages of web development is followed by evaluation of media experts, material experts, learning experts and linguists. The results of this study are decent web media, using expert judgment on the site www.sosial-klub.com. Future improvements and
study plans include developing a web-based training model with cooperative learning strategies to be implemented.
An Insight into Solubility of H2S in Choline Based Ionic Liquids from Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Authors: Mohd Salehin Fitri Norizatie , Jumbri Khairulazhar , Ramli Anita , Daud Shaari
Published: April 2020

Solvation free energy of six choline based ILs were computed under molecular dynamics (MD) simulation using Bennet Acceptance Ratio (BAR) method. H2S removal from the natural gas can be accomplished by absorption process using a solvent. Degree elimination of gases in liquid
can be estimated by excess chemical potential (μex), Henry’s law constant (kH), enthalpy (hex), and entropy (sex). The Optimised Potential Liquids Simulation (OPLS) force fields used for ILs were validated against
experimental density in order to get valid results of solvation free energy. The percentage error of the predicted density of six choline based ILs were below than 2.0% which is a good agreement with the previous study. The highest value of kH was 109.23 atm gained by choline
thiocyanate [Chl][tcy] and the lowest value of kH was 23.25 atm obtained by choline acetate [Chl][act]. There are many features that influence the solubility of H2S for example length of alkyl chain, free volume effect, molar density, type of anions and hydrogen
bonding interaction. In order to understand the behaviour of H2S molecules in ILs system, the radial distribution function (RDF) of H2S-ILs and RDF for specific atom were analysed. Basically, the shorter the alkyl chain, increase in molar density of ILs, reduce the free
volume thus provide less space for H2S to occupy and decrease insolubility.