bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The level of physical fitness in the applicants of higher education
Authors: Riadova Liliana , Korchagin Mikola , Mkrtichian Oksana , Konovalov Volodymyr
Published: November 2023

The purpose of the study: to determine the level of development of agility, quickness, flexibility, strength, endurance in the applicants of higher education institutions of the I and II courses.

Material and methods of the study. The study was conducted on the basis of the Semen Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics and the National Aerospace University «Kharkiv Aviation Institute». It was attended by 849 in the applicants of higher education of the I and II courses aged 17–18 years old.

The applicants of higher education took part in the study voluntarily and were informed about the specifics of the study in advance.

Research methods: theoretical analysis and generalisation of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical testing, methods of mathematical statistics.

The level of development of agility in the applicants of higher education institutions of the I and II courses was determined by the indicators of «shuttle» running 4×9 m, speed – running for 100 m, flexibility – torso tilt forward from a sitting position, strength – long jump from a place, endurance – uniform running.

Results of the study. The indicators of development of agility, quickness, flexibility, strength and endurance in the applicants of higher education institutions of the I and II courses are considered and compared with the normative data. A comparison of the indicators of these physical qualities in boys and girls in gender and age aspects is presented.

Conclusions. The applicants of higher education institutions of the I and II courses have a low level of physical fitness. The best indicators of agility, quickness and flexibility were found among in the applicants of higher education of the I course; strength and endurance – in the applicants of higher education of the II course.
Improvement of technical training in Ukrainian belt wrestling at the stages of long-term sports training
Authors: Semeniv B.S. , Prystavskyi Т.G. , Babych A.M. , Stahiv M.M. , Holodivskyi M.F.
Published: November 2023

The growing popularity of Ukrainian belt wrestling in Europe and the world is due to the peculiarities of the rules of the fight, forcing domestic and foreign specialists to revise the methodology of organising and conducting the educational and training process at different stages of long-term training. Therefore, the search for new methods of improving technical and tactical actions in the training process, raising the level of sportsmanship and maintaining a high level of competitiveness in the tournament process at various levels is becoming increasingly relevant. Improving the level of sport skills of athletes at different stages of long-term sports training is accompanied by the simultaneous popularisation of Ukrainian belt wrestling. The purpose of the research: to improve the technical training of athletes in Ukrainian belt wrestling at the stages of long-term sports training for the increase of sports fitness. Research methods: analysis and synthesis of scientific and methodological literature sources, sociological (" questioning ") medical and biological research methods, pedagogical research methods, mathematical methods of processing scientific research data. Conclusions: as a result of the study, the technical and tactical actions of wrestling were established, which contributed to the increase in the level of technical fitness of athletes by 16.3% in men and 14.7% in women; the level of general and special physical training increased by 12.5% in men and 11.1% in women.
Clinical Observation of Lichen Based Vitamin D3 (60000IU) Pill in Normal Healthy Peoples, Formulated by Ambrosiya Neo-Medicine Pvt. Ltd
Authors:   Ambrosiya Neo-medicine Pvt. Ltd. (Ambrosia Food Farm Company), Village Cheenpur, Near Leela Tower, Kusum Khera, Haldwani, Nainital, Uttarakhand-263139, India, Gangwar Gourvendra
Published: November 2023

In the early 20th century in the United States, vitamin D fortification of food products was essential to the eradication of rickets. Since then, there has been a nearly 100-year period of building evidence connecting vitamin D insufficiency to a number of outcomes, which has coincided with growing public interest in and knowledge of the health advantages of vitamin D. Vitamin D supplements are now widely available in both developed and developing nations, and many of them are supplied to the general public in the form of unregulated formulations with minimal information about safe administration. Together, these factors have caused a shift in which incidences of vitamin D intoxication have dramatically increased across the globe. Vitamin D toxicity is characterised by serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)2D] values greater than 150 ng/ml (375 nmol/l) due to vitamin D overdose. Clinicians now have to manage an illness that might manifest as anything from asymptomatic problems to severe, life-threatening ones. A study of lichen-based vitamin D3 pills has been performed and analysed by different tests.
A Rare and Novel Pathogenic Variant of the PINK1 Gene Associated with Early-onset of Parkinson’s Disease - A Case Study
Authors:   Senior Neurologist and Movement Disorder Specialist, Jain Institute of Movement Disorder, Bhagvan Mahavir Jain Hospital, Bengaluru 560 004, Karnataka, India., Chamraj Sanjiv
Published: November 2023

We reported a case of rare and novel PINK 1 gene variant associated with Early-onset Parkinson’s Disease (EOPD) in 40-year-old male patient. Patient was presented with clinical indications of dystonia (left>right), hemidystonia and dystonic tremors. Patient has family history (elder sister) of parkinsonism diagnosed with PD at the age of 38 years, and the condition slowly deteriorated and died. Patient was subjected to MRI investigations of brain two years before on clinical condition of right upper limb involuntary movement since from past one year. MRI findings revealed few small non- specific foci of T2 hyperintensity seen scattered in the bilateral frontal white matter (R>L)’ incidental findings of doubtful significance. Patient was referred for whole exome sequencing. The exome data analysis identified a “homozygous autosomal recessive variant” of PINK1 gene with variant nomenclature “c.823_825delATC; p.Ile275del (Chr1:20644531 ACAT>A)” could be associated with EOPD with characterized rare clinical phenotypic manifestations in the form of hemidystonia.
Early Outcome of Mitral Valve Surgery comparing Minimally Invasive versus Standard Median Sternotomy Approach
Authors: Mubarak Yasser
Published: November 2023

Background: This study compares our experience of early outcome of mitral valve surgery (MVS) after minimally invasive (MI) versus standard median sternotomy (SMS) approach. Objective: Minimal invasive mitral valve surgery (MIMVS) aims to avoid complications of SMS like; bleeding, postoperative pain, and sternal wound infection. It provides better cosmesis and early recovery. The aim of this study is to evaluate early clinical outcome of MIMVS. Patient and Method: It is prospective comparative cohort study in adult patients with mitral valve disease who perform MVS using either MI or SMS. From January 2020 to December 2021, early outcome of MVS between [120 patients] MI group through right mini-thoracotomy (RMT) with CPB peripheral cannulation and [120 patients] SMS group are compared. Result: Females are more in MIMVS (80%). ACC and CPB time are longer in MIMVS than SMS (118±15.5 vs 74.4±32.3, 155±28.5 vs 115±48.8). Tricuspid repair and left atrial appendage (LAA) occlusion are performed only in SMS. Blood loss is lesser in MIMVS (250 ± 60.6 ml) than in SMS (550 ± 230 ml). Blood transfusion required (0.1 ± 0.53) in MIMVS, and (0.9 ± 0.7) in SMS. Re-exploration for bleeding is required in (4) cases of SMS. Mechanical ventilation time is shorter in MIMVS (6.4 ± 1.3) than in SMS (12.4 ± 6.8). ICU duration and hospital stay are shorter in MIMVS than SMS (2±0.4 vs 3.5±1.3, 7.2±1.3 vs 12±0.5). Wound infections present in (20) cases of SMS. Spirometric studies in MIMVS reveal better postoperative pulmonary functions than SMS group. Pain Visual Analog Score at discharge is better in MIMVS (1.4 ± 0.6) than in SMS (8.5 ± 1.5). There is no hospital mortality in both groups. Conclusion: Minimal invasive mitral valve surgery is a safe procedure and improves cosmesis and patient’s satisfaction.
Application of Myocardial Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in Heart Transplantation in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction：A Case Report
Authors: Liao Xiaozu
Published: November 2023

Background: MCE is a safe and effective myocardial perfusion assessment technique; it is used for the assessment of post MI viability. Case Presentation: A 52-year-old male with cardiogenic shock caused by secondary acute myocardial infarction and successful coronary stent implantation with ECMO, IABP and ventilator assistance and with no significant recovery of postoperative cardiac function. The result of MCE was also reported. The allograft was successfully performed 8 days after ECMO-assisted support. The patient was successfully transferred to the general ward 8 days after surgery and successfully discharged on day 86 of admission. Conclusions: ECMO provides effective mechanical assistance support for patients with end-stage heart failure, buys time for heart transplantation surgery, and was an effective cardiopulmonary support treatment. An evaluation of myocardial perfusion and survival quantity was an important reference for emergency heart transplantation.
Current Progress in Multi-Omics Studies of Aortic Dissection
Authors: Zheng Qijun
Published: November 2023

Aortic dissection (AD) is a cardiovascular disease with a high mortality rate. With the rapid development of genetic testing technology, genomics can be used to predict, diagnose and treat AD. In this review, we summarize studies on AD using the genome, epigenome, transcriptome, proteome and metabolome. Multi-omics analysis can further clarify the mechanisms of AD and provide risk assessment techniques. Although related studies on the different omics of AD have been conducted, the combined analysis of multiple omics has not been studied in depth. In this paper, we will conduct an in-depth discussion of AD research using multiple omics.
PENGARUH LEVERAGE, INTENSITAS ASET TETAP, DAN INSENTIF PAJAK TERHADAP AGRESIVITAS PAJAK (Studi Kasus pada Perusahaan Basic Materials di Bursa Efek Indonesia)
Authors: Sulistyoningsih Sulistyoningsih
Published: November 2023

Berbagai temuan penelitian sebelumnya menjadi pendorong dilakukannya penelitian tentang agresivitas pajak. Selain itu, kebutuhan akan penelitian tambahan berasal dari perbedaan antara perspektif pemerintah dan bisnis. Studi ini bermaksud akan menguji bagaimana agresivitas pajak dipengaruhi oleh leverage, intensitas aset tetap, dan insentif pajak. Seluruh perusahaan Basic Materials yang tercatat dalam Bursa Efek Indonesia yang berjumlah 80 perusahaan menjadi populasi penelitian. Pengamatan dilakukan antara tahun 2019 hingga 2022. Purposive sampling digunakan untuk memilih sampel penelitian, yang menghasilkan total 26 perusahaan dengan 104 data. Laporan keuangan tahunan Bursa Efek Indonesia dapat dilihat di https://www.idx.co.id/id yang menjadi sumber data sekunder untuk studi kasus ini. Model regresi linier berganda dipakai untuk menguji penelitian. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa agresivitas pajak secara positif dan signifikan dipengaruhi oleh intensitas aset tetap dan leverage. Namun, agresivitas pajak tidak terpengaruh oleh insentif pajak.

Kata Kunci: leverage, intensitas aset tetap, insentif pajak, agresivitas pajak
Analisis Pengaruh PER, MVA, dan EVA terhadap Harga Saham dengan Tahun COVID-19 sebagai Variabel Moderasi Pada Perusahaan Sektor Kesehatan yang Terdaftar di BEI Periode 2018-2021
Authors: Silitonga Rian Martin , Adel Jack Febriand , Ardiansyah Ardiansyah
Published: November 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh Price Earning Ratio (PER), Market Value Added (MVA), Economic Value Added (EVA) terhadap harga saham dengan Tahun COVID-19 sebagai variabel moderasi pada perusahaan sektor kesehatan yang terdaftar di BEI periode 2018-2021. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linier berganda dan Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). Berdasarkan hasil analisis ditemukan bahwa Price Earning Ratio (PER), Market Value Added (MVA), dan Tahun COVID-19 berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap harga saham, namun variabel Economic Value Added (EVA) berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap harga saham. Tahun COVID-19 dapat memoderasi (memperlemah) hubungan antara Price Earning Ratio (PER) dan Economic Value Added (EVA) terhadap harga saham, tetapi tahun COVID-19 dapat memoderasi (memperkuat) hubungan antara Market Value Added (MVA) terhadap harga saham.
Mushrooming of Media under Musharraf Regime and its Impacts on the Functioning of Democracy
Authors: Huma Zil e , Moazam Saniya , Warsi Naveeda Irum
Published: November 2023

The political elite, bureaucracy and establishment had not played their expected role in Pakistani society. Pakistan's establishment is always overshadowing the political landscape. This study analyses the role of media during the Musharraf regime in Pakistan. It also aims to figure out the factors which are playing a role in the promotion or degradation of democracy. In this study, the qualitative research technique is applied. This research proved that Pakistan's ex-military rule has remained worst in initiating change, opinion building and betterment of society. It also played an inverse role in social change and to support and strengthening democracy. Pakistani Journalist has demonstrated an unprecedented ability to act as a catalyst in connection with the efforts by the civil society in strengthening democracy during the Musharraf regime. Musharraf's regime is one of the darkest eras in Pakistan's media history in terms of the subjugation of media and journalists.
Social Media and Political Polarization in Pakistan
Authors: Khan Ali , Rafique Imran , Nasim Ameena
Published: November 2023

This research paper explores the relationship between social media usage and political polarization in Pakistan. The rapid expansion of social media platforms in recent years has revolutionized the way individuals engage with political content and ideologies. Pakistan, as a diverse and politically vibrant country, offers a compelling case study to investigate the impact of social media on political polarization(Aday et al., 2013). The study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative analysis of social media data with qualitative interviews and surveys. Firstly, an analysis of social media posts, tweets, and discussions was conducted to identify prevalent political narratives and patterns of polarization. Secondly, interviews and surveys were carried out to gain insights into users' experiences, attitudes, and behaviours concerning political discourse on social media. Furthermore, it explores the impact of echo chambers on fostering extreme viewpoints and the potential for misinformation to spread rapidly in these digital spaces.
Palliative surgery
Authors: Egorenkov V.V.
Published: November 2023

Palliative surgery is defined as surgery for symptoms attributable to an advanced
or incurable malignancy or symptoms due to malignancy treatment. Palliative surgery is a
frequent occurrence at cancer centers and represents almost a quarter of a surgical
oncologist’s practice. Common indications for palliative surgical consultation include
gastrointestinal obstruction, gastrointestinal bleeding, obstructive jaundice, wound
problems, bowel perforation, ascites, and abdominal pain. This chapter will discuss the
frequent indications for palliative surgery, management options, surgical interventions,
and variables associated with outcome. Keywords: palliative surgery; communication;
risk-benefit analysis.
Distinct issues of palliative care in oncology: prophylaxis and treatment of nausea
and vomiting, algorithms of pain management
Authors: Rianzhina R.A. , Skriabin M.V. , Moiseenko V.M. , Moiseenko F.V. , Abduloeva N.K.
Published: November 2023

Administration of the required symptomatic and palliative care in oncology allows
not only to provide a higher quality of life for patients, but also to some extent
improve oncological results. This review article provides an analysis of data on the
incidence and main mechanisms of athogenesis of various types of emetogenic toxicity in
patients receiving anticancer treatment, provides an overview of existing
recommendations for the prevention of nausea and vomiting, and discusses some practical
aspects of antiemetic treatment. In addition, this article discusses the main algorithms
for the treatment of chronic pain in oncology, analyzes some aspects of the use of
analgesics in clinical practice, taking into account current recommendations, and
provides examples of interventional analgesic techniques.
Relationship between molecular genetic and clinical and morphological parameters in
patients with stage I–IIIA non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Kazakov А.М. , Laktionov К.К. , Sarantseva К.А. , Gordiev М.G.
Published: November 2023

Purpose: to study the molecular genetic landscape of the Russian cohort of
patients with stage I–IIIA non-small cell lung cancer, to identify correlations between
molecular genetic and clinical and morphological parameters of the tumor. Materials and
methods: routine pathological examination and targeted sequencing of tumor material (and
paired material of normal lung tissue) in 90 patients diagnosed with non-small cell lung
cancer. Collection of clinical information. Statistical processing of the obtained
material using the SPSS Statistics 23.0 program, based on the collected database.
Descriptive statistics methods were used to analyze the socio-demographic and clinical
characteristics of patients. Results: data were obtained on the frequency of occurrence
of somatic mutations included in the study panel among patients of the Russian
population, the correlation between clinical and morphological (stage, gender, age,
histological subtype) and genetic parameters of the tumor was studied. Conclusion: An
in-depth study of the genetic profile in patients with localized NSCLC using the Next
generation sequencing (NGS) method allows us to determine the mutational landscape of
this group of patients in more detail. More detailed, per-exon sequencing makes it
possible to more accurately determine the clinical significance of the identified
mutations, which improves diagnosis and makes subsequent treatment tactics more
precise.
Strategi Penanggulangan Tindak Pidana Kekerasan yang Dilakukan oleh Anak Terhadap Orang atau Barang Secara Bersama-Sama
Authors: Firmansyah Firmansyah , Ismansyah  , Delmiati Susi
Published: November 2023

Melindungi keselamatan jiwa raga, harta benda, masyarakat dan lingkungan dari gangguan ketertiban merupakan tugas dan kewajiban Kepolisian sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 14 Undang-undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2002 tentang Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia. Termasuk menanggulangi terjadinya tindak pidana yang terjadi di tengah masyarakat. Salah satunya tindak pidana yang dilakukan oleh anak terhadap orang atau barang secara bersama-sama, yang marak terjadi akibat aksi tawuran di wilayah hukum Polsek Pauh Kota Padang. Peristiwa pidana tersebut membutuhkan penanganan serius, sebab tindak pidana tersebut berujung merugikan masyarakat sekitar lokasi terjadinya aksi kekerasan yang dilakukan secara bersama-sama. Tidak hanya mengakibatkan luka pada korban juga perbuatan tersebut sangat meresahkan masyarakat, sehingga diperlukan strategi penanggulangannya.
O Paradoxo da Política Externa Brasileira
Authors: Carvalho Neves Bárbara
Published: November 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir a política externa brasileira para a América do Sul a partir da perspectiva da infraestrutura regional. Apesar de ter sido o principal ator na criação da Iniciativa para a Integração da Infraestrutura Regional Sul-Americana (IIRSA), e posteriormente da União das Nações Sul-Americanas (UNASUL), o governo brasileiro foi se afastando das instituições regionais e de seus compromissos declarados para a região. Ainda que grande parte da bibliografia existente no tema defenda que o Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (BNDES) tenha sido o principal financiador dos projetos de integração da infraestrutura regional na América do Sul, ao analisar os documentos e dados disponíveis tal afirmação não se sustenta. O paradoxo a ser discutido neste artigo se apresenta na premissa da utilização do espaço regional para a alavancagem dos compromissos e interesses nacionais através da política externa brasileira de 2000 a 2016.
“Sob a percussão do martelo”
Authors: Czajka Rodrigo , Russo Ramos Eduardo
Published: November 2023

O artigo discute o tema da produção cultural e das trajetórias de intelectuais nas décadas de 1950 e 1960. Partimos da hipótese que as mudanças estruturais daqueles anos de política desenvolvimentista repercutiram na recomposição dos setores de produção cultural que, a seu modo, reconfiguraram os projetos das esquerdas e suas noções de brasilidade e resistência. Assim, ao abordarmos o itinerário de Nelson Werneck Sodré, nossa análise incide sobre o caso particular da realização da Coleção História Nova (CHN) e aborda algumas questões referentes à organização da intelectualidade de esquerda nos anos que antecederam o golpe de 1964. Ao tomarmos a CHN como objeto permite-nos esboçar algumas coordenadas sociológicas para pensar as formações culturais que estiveram em disputa naqueles anos. Também porque a produção da CHN revela aspectos que remetem a um modo de atuação intelectual que se estruturou no início da década de 1960 e se reproduziu nos anos seguintes ao golpe militar.
Os intelectuais e a questão nordestina
Authors: Wanderley Hevilla , Aliaga Luciana
Published: November 2023

O desenvolvimento político e socioeconômico do país, marcado pela continuidade das antigas estruturas coloniais, cunhou relações complexas entre as classes sociais, a cultura nacional e a formação dos intelectuais. Um dos elementos resultantes desse processo é a questão nordestina, que se refere precisamente ao desenvolvimento desigual entre regiões brasileiras. No interior da questão nordestina, como buscaremos demonstrar, surgiram representações culturais e políticas que naturalizaram e reforçaram a subalternidade regional, para as quais a atuação dos intelectuais foi decisiva. Para abordar as relações complexas entre a produção intelectual nacional e a questão nordestina centraremos a análise sobre a atuação de Gilberto Freyre e Durval Muniz de Albuquerque Jr., principalmente no que se refere à constituição da “região” como categoria explicativa, que, cremos, corroborou diretamente para a reprodução reiterada de uma visão estigmatizada do Nordeste e dos nordestinos.
A Influência dos Grupos de Interesse na Política
Authors: Ribeiro Lucas Henrique , Borges Bárbara Salatiel , Boarin Paula , Resende Ciro Antônio da Silva
Published: November 2023

A trajetória do campo de estudos sobre a influência dos grupos de interesse na política se inicia no século XX, tendo se concentrado, sobretudo, no contexto norte-americano. Este artigo objetiva reconstituir esse percurso, principalmente a partir da análise de artigos publicados em periódicos de Ciência Política de alto impacto, elencando os principais desafios enfrentados, bem como caminhos para superá-los. Os resultados indicam que a ausência de coesão teórica continua a impactar o desenvolvimento do campo, marcado pela não cumulatividade das pesquisas. Ainda assim, importantes contribuições recentes produzidas nos Estados Unidos, em países europeus e na União Europeia têm dotado o campo de maior densidade teórica. Todavia, os estudos sobre o tema na América Latina ainda são escassos. Dessa forma, verifica-se ampla possibilidade de expansão dos estudos na região, incorporando reflexões teóricas mais densas importadas de outras áreas.
Eleições, partidos e ideologia política no interior do Brasil
Authors: Viscarra Simone P. , Ferreira Marília Gabriela da Silva
Published: November 2023

Eleições e voto são pilares fundamentais de qualquer democracia bem consolidada. Assim, o objetivo do artigo é colaborar para esse debate analisando como o eleitorado de Petrolina (Pernambuco-Brasil) votou para os cargos do executivo (prefeito, governador e presidente) entre 1988 e 2016. A finalidade é compreender o modelo de votação da sétima maior cidade do interior nordestino para cada cargo e comparar tais resultados em termos partidário-ideológicos. Os dados provêm dos relatórios eleitorais do Tribunal Regional Eleitoral e consideram as seguintes variáveis: ano da votação, candidatos mais votados e seus partidos políticos. A análise indica que os eleitores da cidade seguem um modelo de votação tradicional e fechada para prefeito, independentemente de ideologia partidária, e em âmbito estadual e federal um perfil mais partidário e à esquerda. Desse modo, colaborando para o entendimento da lógica eleitoral em municípios de grande porte no interior do Brasil, campo ainda pouco explorado.
Religião e Política
Authors: Cassotta Priscilla Leine , Cerqueira Claudia , Lacerda Fabio
Published: November 2023

Ao contrário do que previam os teóricos do secularismo, a esfera pública tem, ao longo do último século, estreitado laços com a esfera religiosa. Na América Latina, atores e discursos religiosos, seja com finalidade de mobilizar o eleitorado, seja para defesa de interesses de grupos religiosos, têm se tornado constantes na arena política. Tema muito discutido principalmente na mídia, ainda são poucos os trabalhos sobre a complexa relação entre religião e política. Este dossiê tem por objetivo contribuir com a temática ao reunir estudos que explorem a relação entre política e religião em diferentes arenas, tais como: eleitoral, legislativa e partidária. Sendo assim, convidamos autores a discutir sobre i) a inserção e atuação de diferentes grupos religiosos na arena legislativa; ii) a relação entre partidos políticos e igrejas; iii) a relação entre grupos religiosos, eleições e igrejas como máquinas eleitorais. Discussões teóricas e metodológicas que colaborem com esta temática são bem vindas.
Entrevista con Ariel Goldstein
Authors: Pandeló Gabriela
Published: November 2023

Ariel Goldstein es el autor del libro Poder Evangélico donde investiga la actuación de las iglesias evangélicas en la política latinoamericana. Es doctor en Ciencias Sociales por la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad de Buenos Aires e Investigador Adjunto del CONICET en el Instituto de Estudios de América Latina y el Caribe. Ha sido profesor del posgrado en Ciencias Sociales de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales (UBA) y actualmente es docente de la cátedra Política Latinoamericana de la carrera de Ciencia Política. Ha brindado conferencias en universidades de Brasil y realizado estancias de investigación en el Departamento de Ciencia Política de la Universidad de San Pablo. Participa en proyectos UBACYT como investigador formado, y del proyecto internacional del CNPQ de Brasil: “Imprensa e circulação de ideias: o papel dos periódicos nos séculos XIX e XX”.
Desenvolvimento, Estado, Mercado e Elites
Authors: Jardim Maria Chaves , Martins Thais Joi
Published: November 2023

A gênese do conceito de Desenvolvimento está na obra de Adam Smith, Investigação Sobre a Causa da Riqueza das Nações, escrito em 1776, que, em alguma medida, pode ser considerada como um marco inicial do conceito. Em A Riqueza das Nações (2017), Smith defende que o desenvolvimento de país só seria possível quando os agentes econômicos fossem capazes de satisfazer seus próprios interesses individuais de forma espontânea. Smith (1776) partia do princípio de que todo homem vive para a troca, ou se torna, em algum momento, um mercador e a sociedade se transforma em uma sociedade mercantil. Para o autor, o homem movido pelo desejo do lucro passaria a produzir mais, e o excedente da reprodução passaria a ser um benefício para toda sociedade.
Realpolitik e teoria da tripolaridade
Authors: Matos Mateus
Published: November 2023

Este trabalho se propõe a debater o conceito da Realpolitik inserido no âmbito da Segunda Guerra Mundial, em especial nas figuras de Joseph Stalin, Franklin Delano Roosevelt e Adolf Hitler. A Realpolitik capacita o líder a prezar pela sobrevivência do seu Estado. Buscamos compreender em que medida a observância de Hitler ao conceito foi importante para o desfecho da Segunda Guerra Mundial. Utilizaremos a metodologia qualitativa bibliográfica como fonte de pesquisa, acessando trabalhos em português e inglês. Outro pilar constitutivo deste artigo é a inovadora Teoria da Tripolaridade desenvolvida por Randall Schweller, cuja premissa básica indica Estados Unidos, Alemanha e União Soviética como os três polos de poder mundial na década de 1930. A Realpolitik será inserida na Teoria de Schweller para o melhor entendimento dos motivos que ocasionaram a derrota alemã em 1945. Ao final, percebemos que Hitler conduzia sua política externa a partir da conveniência de seus próprios interesses.
Burocracia, Sociedade e Instituições Democráticas
Authors: Troiano Mariele , Albrecht Nayara
Published: November 2023

A burocracia pública tornou-se parte fundamental da agenda de pesquisa da Ciência Política mesmo antes de sua consolidação como disciplina. Inicialmente, o termo "burocracia" estava diretamente relacionado às atuações dos funcionários do Estado. Posteriormente, o termo passou a designar corpo especializado de funcionários, incluindo o setor privado (ABRUCIO e LOUREIRO, 2018). No que tange ao poder público, o debate clássico sobre burocracia tem como ponto de partida as interpretações de Max Weber, sobretudo, as que remetem à formação e ao funcionamento do Estado Moderno com as interações entre burocratas e políticos eleitos.
Para além dos DAS
Authors: Palotti Pedro , Masson Pedro
Published: November 2023

O artigo tem como objetivo caracterizar a disposição e ocupação de funções de confiança e cargos em comissão no governo federal brasileiro. A utilização de funções e cargos em comissão é recorrente nas organizações públicas para assessoramento e estruturação da cadeia de comando dos níveis estratégico e tático com o técnico-operacional. A partir da base de dados do Sistema Integrado de Administração de Pessoal (SIAPE), foram traçadas comparações do quantitativo, do padrão de remuneração e do perfil de ocupação desses postos de comando por tipo de organizações públicas no governo federal. Conclui-se que há muitas similaridades entre funções e cargos, com destaque para elevada         escolaridade e o predomínio dos servidores públicos entre os ocupantes. A estratégia de disposição das funções e cargos difere, no entanto, quanto à remuneração e aos níveis de responsabilidade, o que pode resultar em assimetrias e distorções na gestão pública das organizações federais brasileiras.
Interview with Barbara Geddes
Authors: Albrecht Nayara , Troiano Mariele
Published: November 2023

Professor Barbara Geddes is one of the most-cited authors of works on bureaucracy and comparative studies. She is professor emerita at the Department of Political Science of the University of California (Los Angeles) and has a large experience in investigating Latin-American countries. Throughout her career, she explored a varied range of themes, such as democratization, regime transition, and bureaucratic reform. This interview sought to discuss several topics related to the politicization of bureaucracy and its relationship with democratic regimes. We asked Barbara for her views on the relationship between public bureaucracy and the functioning of democratic institutions with a focus on contemporary regimes.
A Lei Rouanet é um bom negócio?
Authors: Braz Diogo , Ribeiro Fátima Caroline , Gonçalves Bruno
Published: November 2023

A Lei de Incentivo à Cultura – mais conhecida pelo nome de seu idealizador, o então secretário nacional de Cultura Sérgio Paulo Rouanet – tornou-se um importante mecanismo de financiamento da Cultura no Brasil. Cercada por polêmicas que, muitas vezes, revelam desconhecimento sobre o seu funcionamento, a Lei Rouanet é um modelo de financiamento com predominância de renúncia fiscal que representa, hoje, uma das principais políticas culturais do governo brasileiro. Por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica, este artigo tem o objetivo de avaliar as principais controvérsias da Lei Rouanet, trazendo a trajetória do financiamento cultural no país, no intuito de ajudar a desmistificar informações, por vezes equivocadas, que circulam nos meios de comunicação e redes sociais a respeito dos mecanismos de incentivo à Cultura no Brasil.
Campanha “Não É Não”
Authors: Vione Schwengber Maria Simone , Giongo Mendes Pinheiro Naira Leticia
Published: November 2023

Este artigo articula discussões sobre corpos de mulheres no contexto da campanha “Não É Não”, que tomamos como uma experimentação de micropolítica de gênero. Assim, lançamos a seguinte questão: como a campanha “Não É Não” opera? O corpus de análise é constituído por recortes de dizeres enunciativos e por imagens postadas (2017-2020) em redes sociais, como o Instagram. Para a análise, propomos um percurso metodológico inspirado na perspectiva foucaultiana. Como resultado, destacamos que a campanha “Não É Não” é conduzida por um grupo de mulheres brasileiras (de diferentes gerações), que rechaçam as violências e as submissões naturalizadas (historicamente) por meio de mobilizações sociopolíticas em ações de protestos, em que os corpos são a causa e o suporte das reivindicações, afirmando um outro corpo, que quer ser político e reconhecido na sua posição de direito de aparecer e de respeito.
Guerra dos portos
Authors: Herscovici Nicole
Published: November 2023

Este artigo se insere na agenda de pesquisa sobre a atuação dos grupos de interesse nos processos decisórios e, mais especificamente, em torno das condições que favorecem ou dificultam a obtenção do sucesso político empresarial. Para isso, foi realizado um estudo de caso sobre o Projeto de Resolução do Senado n. 72, de 2010, que tinha por objetivo zerar a alíquota do ICMS sobre produtos importados, e, assim, acabar com o que ficou conhecido como a “guerra dos portos”. Com base na metodologia de análise de congruência (Blatter e Blume, 2010), aferimos até que ponto as expectativas teóricas traçadas sobre as relações entre o contexto decisório, as estratégias adotadas e o (in)sucesso obtido foram refletidas no caso empírico aqui estudado. A partir disso, foi possível caracterizar o caso da guerra dos portos como um caso improvável, já que os casos mais comuns de sucesso empresarial, especialmente em matérias tributárias, são aqueles em que o empresariado atua defensivamente. A análise da aprovação do PRS 72/10 sugere que a atuação do governo federal foi decisiva para esse resultado.
O populismo na mídia
Authors: Melo Ulisses
Published: November 2023

Nos últimos noventa anos a palavra populismo foi alvo de debates espinhosos, principalmente na América Latina. Esta expressão, contudo, vem ganhando novas abordagens desde a publicação das primeiras obras de Ernesto Laclau e a ascensão de políticos como Donald Trump e Jair Bolsonaro. Partindo dessa premissa, este artigo busca compreender em quais contextos e de que forma o conceito populismo está sendo utilizado nos jornais O Globo e Folha de São Paulo, tentando assim compreender os significados dados ao termo no debate público nacional. Para alcançar resultados válidos, a pesquisa utilizará como método os princípios da análise de conteúdo em conjunto com os resultados estatísticos obtidos do software Iramuteq. O trabalho encontrou três abordagens do conceito feitas pelo jornalismo tradicional, sendo o populismo inserido em análises econômicas, internacionais e de teoria política, com significados diferentes em cada um deles.
A Ciência Política no Brasil
Authors: Braga Maria do Socorro Sousa
Published: November 2023

Este artigo tem dois objetivos. O primeiro busca traçar panorama da formação e da trajetória de institucionalização da Ciência Política brasileira como campo acadêmico e profissional próprio. Para dar conta do seu passado e presente, esta análise recorre à revisão da literatura, buscando compreender os processos de constituição desta área ao longo do século XX, mas também descrever, com os dados acerca dos programas de pós-graduação disponíveis, como vem se dando sua expansão geográfica pelo território nacional e suas subáreas temáticas, do ponto de vista do ensino pós-graduado e da pesquisa. O segundo objetivo trata de identificar aspectos relacionados ao ritmo lento da institucionalização dessa área e pensar propostas de ação visando a estados futuros deste campo do conhecimento. Entre as principais conclusões destacam-se que elementos exógenos e endógenos influenciaram a formação e o processo de institucionalização desta área no Brasil, resultando numa disciplina marcada, por um lado, pelo pluralismo nas formas de fazer ciência política e, por outro lado, no estabelecimento de organizações acadêmicas que vem oferecendo as principais oportunidades para a institucionalização da área.
Dois níveis de legitimidade no humanitarismo da ONU
Authors: Rizzotti Letícia , Fuccille Alexandre
Published: November 2023

Os 30 anos de humanitarismo multidimensional das Nações Unidas não produziram grandes sistematizações de policy sobre reconstrução política em operações de paz. Esse esforço tampouco consta na literatura que, apesar de ter produzido críticas sobre o modelo do humanitarismo, se debruçou sobre casos específicos ou leituras gerais dos postulados encampados. Este trabalho realiza a sistematização das respostas institucionais, via documentos que revelam os debates internos à Organização:  resoluções do Conselho de Segurança e documentos coletados nos Arquivos da ONU em Nova Iorque. Esse conjunto documental revelou uma estratégia de produção de dois níveis de legitimidade para estruturar os instrumentos humanitários: a moralização da proteção e o pragmatismo tecnicista. Conclui-se que este eixo foi caminhou pelo envernizamento tecnocrata, despolitizando as categorias democráticas.
Bilingual Primary Progressive Aphasia: A Scoping Review of Assessment and Treatment Practices
Authors: Grasso Stephanie M. , Wagner Rodríguez Camille A. , Montagut Colomer Núria , Marqués Kiderle Sonia-Karin , Sánchez-Valle Raquel , Santos Santos Miguel Ángel
Published: November 2023

Background: Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is a neurodegenerative syndrome characterized by speech and/or language impairment with relatively spared cognition. Research investigating behavioral speech-language intervention and methods for cognitive-linguistic assessment in PPA has predominantly centered around monolingual speakers. This gap hinders the widespread adoption of evidence-based approaches and exacerbates the inequities faced by culturally and linguistically diverse populations living with PPA. Objective: This scoping review synthesizes the current evidence for assessment and treatment practices in bilingual PPA as well as the operationalization of bilingualism in PPA. Methods: Arksey & O’Malley’s scoping review methodology was utilized. Information was extracted from each study and entered into a data-charting template designed to capture information regarding operationalization of bilingualism in PPA and assessment and treatment practices. Results: Of the 16 identified studies, 14 reported the results of assessments conducted in both languages. Three studies reported positive naming treatment outcomes. Thirteen studies included English-speaking participants, revealing linguistic bias. Most studies reported age of acquisition, proficiency, and patterns of language use rather than providing an operational definition for bilingualism. Conclusions: Neither formal assessment measures nor clear guidelines for assessment of bilingual PPA currently exist; however, language-specific measures are emerging. Speech-language intervention in bilingual PPA has been relatively unexplored, representing a significant gap in the literature. In order to improve diagnostic and treatment options for bilingual PPA, targeted efforts to increase representation of bilinguals from various sociocultural contexts, as well as those who speak a variety of language pairs, is necessary.
Diagnostic Performance of Cerebrospinal Fluid Neurofilament Light Chain and Soluble Amyloid-β Protein Precursor β in the Subcortical Small Vessel Type of Dementia
Authors: Axelsson Andrén Elin , Kettunen Petronella , Bjerke Maria , Rolstad Sindre , Zetterberg Henrik , Blennow Kaj , Wallin Anders , Svensson Johan
Published: November 2023

Background: The subcortical small vessel type of dementia (SSVD) is a common subtype of vascular dementia, but there is a lack of disease-specific cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers. Objective: We investigated whether CSF concentrations of neurofilament light chain (NFL), soluble amyloid-β protein precursor α (sAβPPα), sAβPPβ, and CSF/serum albumin ratio could separate SSVD from healthy controls, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and mixed dementia (combined AD and SSVD). Methods: This was a mono-center study of patients with SSVD (n = 38), AD (n = 121), mixed dementia (n = 62), and controls (n = 96). The CSF biomarkers were measured using immunoassays, and their independent contribution to the separation between groups were evaluated using the Wald test. Then, the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Results: Elevated neurofilament light chain (NFL) and decreased sAβPPβ independently separated SSVD from controls, and sAβPPβ also distinguished SSVD from AD and mixed dementia. The combination of NFL and sAβPPβ discriminated SSVD from controls with high accuracy (AUROC 0.903, 95% CI: 0.834–0.972). Additionally, sAβPPβ combined with the core AD biomarkers (amyloid-β42, total tau, and phosphorylated tau181) had a high ability to separate SSVD from AD (AUROC 0.886, 95% CI: 0.830–0.942) and mixed dementia (AUROC 0.903, 95% CI: 0.838–0.968). Conclusions: The high accuracy of NFL and sAβPPβ to separate SSVD from controls supports that SSVD is a specific diagnostic entity. Moreover, SSVD was distinguished from AD and mixed dementia using sAβPPβ in combination with the core AD biomarkers.
Systems Medicine as a Strategy to Deal with Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Zeng Xiao Xue , Zeng Jie Bangzhe
Published: November 2023

The traits of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) include amyloid plaques made of Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42, and neurofibrillary tangles by the hyperphosphorylation of tau protein. AD is a complex disorder that is heterogenous in genetical, neuropathological, and clinical contexts. Current available therapeutics are unable to cure AD. Systems medicine is a strategy by viewing the body as a whole system, taking into account each individual’s unique health profile, provide treatment and associated nursing care clinically for the patient, aiming for precision. Since the onset of AD can lead towards cognitive impairment, it is vital to intervene and diagnose early and prevent further progressive loss of neurons. Moreover, as the individual’s brain functions are impaired due to neurodegeneration in AD, it is essential to reconstruct the neurons or brain cells to enable normal brain functions. Although there are different subtypes of AD due to varied pathological lesions, in the majority cases of AD, neurodegeneration and severe brain atrophy develop at the chronic stage. Novel approaches including RNA based gene therapy, stem cell based technology, bioprinting technology, synthetic biology for brain tissue reconstruction are researched in recent decades in the hope to decrease neuroinflammation and restore normal brain function in individuals of AD. Systems medicine include the prevention of disease, diagnosis and treatment by viewing the individual’s body as a whole system, along with systems medicine based nursing as a strategy against AD that should be researched further.
Effects of an exoskeleton on muscle activity in tasks requiring arm elevation: Part I – Experiments in a controlled laboratory setting
Authors: Mänttäri Satu , Rauttola Ari-Pekka , Halonen Janne , Karkulehto Jutta , Säynäjäkangas Pihla , Oksa Juha
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND: Long-term work with elevated arms, or overhead work, is a risk factor for musculoskeletal complaints and disorders. Upper-limb exoskeletons are a promising tool for reducing occupational workload when working with hands above shoulder level. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of upper-limb exoskeleton on muscular and physical strain and perceived exertion during dynamic work at four different shoulder joint angles. Further, we evaluated if there are any negative effects associated with the use of exoskeleton. METHODS: A total of 15 student participants performed dynamic work in laboratory setting with and without an exoskeleton at four different shoulder angles: 60, 90, 120 and 150 degrees. Muscle electrical activity from 8 muscles of the upper body, perceived exertion, and heart rate were measured during the work task, and grip strength, muscle stiffness, tone, and elasticity from six muscles, m. deltoideus physiological cross-sectional area and muscle fiber pennation angle, and nerve conduction velocity were measured before and after the work task. RESULTS: Based on the results, the use of exoskeleton significantly reduced the muscle activity of the upper limb, shoulder, and back muscles. The reduction was most significant when the arm elevation was 120°, and in m. deltoideus muscle activity. RPE was also positively affected indicating reduction in workload when using exoskeleton. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the use of upper limb exoskeleton has potential to reduce physical workload during overhead work and, consequently, reduce the risk for work-related musculoskeletal disorders.
Decentralizing referral prioritization to general practitioners at the primary care level: A qualitative case study based on the Grounded Theory
Authors: Jatobá Alessandro , Bellas Hugo , Arcuri Rodrigo , Sobral André Luiz Avelino , Bulhões Bárbara , Vianna Jaqueline , de Castro Nunes Paula , d’Avila Adriana Lourenço , de Carvalho Paulo Victor Rodrigues
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND: Patient referral prioritizations is an essential process in coordinating healthcare delivery, since it organizes the waiting lists according to priorities and availability of resources. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to highlight the consequences of decentralizing ambulatory patient referrals to general practitioners that work as family physicians in primary care clinics. METHODS: A qualitative case study was carried out in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro. The ten health regions of Rio de Janeiro were visited during fieldwork, totalizing 35 hours of semi-structured interviews and approximately 70 hours of analysis based on the Grounded Theory. RESULTS: The findings of this study show that the obstacles to adequate referrals are beyond the management of vacancies, ranging from the standardization of prioritization criteria to ensuring the proper employment of referral protocols in diverse locations assisted by overloaded health workers with different backgrounds and perceptions. Efforts in decentralizing patient referral to primary care still face the growing dilemmas and challenges of expanding the coverage of health services while putting pressure on risk assessment, as well as sustaining the autonomy of physicians’ work while respecting the eligibility when ordering waiting lists. CONCLUSION: A major strength of this work is on the method to organize and aggregate qualitative data using visual representations. Limitations concerning the reach of fieldwork in vulnerable and hardly accessible areas were overcame using snowball sampling techniques, making more participants accessible.