bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UTILIZATION OF BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY IN THE ECONOMIC SECTOR: A COMPILATION OF SHARIA ECONOMIC LAW PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Asmarini Andini , Nursalam Rahmatullah
Published: July 2024

Blockchain is a revolutionary concept in information technology that allows the creation and storage of data in a decentralized and encrypted manner. However, blockchain is still a new system in the economic world, so it is necessary to ensure that this technology complies with Sharia standards. In this case, the Compilation of Sharia Economic Law is an essential guideline in Sharia economics in Indonesia because it provides legal certainty, regulatory standards, and consumer protection and supports the development of Sharia finance. This article was written to provide an overview of the opportunities for utilizing blockchain technology in the economic sector from a KHES perspective. The method used is library research, a normative juridical approach, by analyzing documents and information related to the study problem. The results show that KHES articles suit the blockchain character, some of which are articles 21, 179-180, 200, 413, and 577. However, an in-depth analysis is needed regarding the principles of Sharia and the need for a fatwa. Apart from that, it is essential to make clear regulations by the government and government authorities regarding the use of blockchain technology. With proper regulations, blockchain can become helpful in developing the Sharia economy.
Abstrak
Blockchain adalah konsep yang revolusioner dalam teknologi informasi yang memungkinkan pembuatan dan penyimpanan data secara terdesentralisasi dan terenkripsi. Keunggulan utama dari blockchain adalah transparansi dan keamanan. Kendati demikian, blockchain tetaplah system baru dalam dunia ekonomi, sehingga perlu dipastikan jika teknologi ini sesuai dengan standar syariah. Dalam hal ini, Kompilasi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah menjadi pedoman penting dalam ekonomi syariah di Indonesia karena memberikan kepastian hukum, standar regulasi, perlindungan konsumen, dan dukungan pengembangan  keuangan syariah. Artikel ini ditulis untuk memberikan gambaran mengenai konsep blockchain dan peluang pemanfaatan teknologi blockchain di bidang ekonomi dalam perspektif KHES. Metode yang digunakan adalah library research, pendekatan normatif  yuridis. Tahapan dalam penelitian ini, meliputi: pengidentifikasian secara sistematik, serta analisis dokumen dan informasi yang berkaitan dengan masalah kajian. Hasil menunjukkan terdapat pasal KHES yang sesuai karakter blockchain, beberapa diantaranya: pasal 21, pasal 179-180, Pasal 200, Pasal 413 dan Pasal 577. Meski demikian, dibutuhkan analisis mendalam terkait prinsip kepatuhan syariah dan perlu adanya fatwa khusus. Selain itu, penting dibuatnya regulasi yang jelas oleh pemerintah dan otoritas keuangan mengenai penggunaan teknologi blockhcain. Dengan regulasi yang tepat, edukasi yang memadai, dan penilaian dari ahli syariah, blockchain dapat menjadi alat yang sangat berguna dalam mengembangkan ekonomi syariah yang lebih adil dan transparan.
ISLAMIC EDUCATION METHOD IN IMPROVING THE RELIGIOUS LEARNING QUALITY IN MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH
Authors: Muhammad Ikhlas Rosele  , Mansir Firman , Nurul Aisyah
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This research emphasizes the importance of methods in learning religion for students at the elementary school or madrasah ibtidaiyah level. Learning materials that are not understood by students begin with the wrong method used by the teacher, so a method that is right on target is needed. The purpose of this study is to explain the importance of Islamic Education methods in improving quality learning in madrasah ibtidaiyah. The method used in this research is qualitative with a literature study approach, so that when analyzing data through literature review analysis of primary data and secondary data. This research shows that effective Islamic education methods with various variants can improve the quality of religious learning because with the right method, media sophistication and teacher competence can deliver religious learning easily absorbed and understood by students in madrasah ibtidaiyah. Thus, Islamic education methods have distinctive characteristics and are different from other subjects.
MATHEMATICS PROBLEM SOLVING THROUGH MAKE A DRAWING STRATEGY FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS WITH MILD INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY
Authors: Suryaningsih Tri , Arita Marini  , Linda Zakiah
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Mild intellectual disability are children who have below-average IQ. This study aims to describe the ability of a student with mild intellectual disability to solve mathematics problems using the make-a-drawing strategy. The method used in this research was qualitative research. The subject was a student with special needs who was in grade IV but had a grade-1 level of ability. The data collection process was carried out using an interview and a test. The data validity test conducted in this study involved the triangulation technique. The qualitative data analysis stage consisted of four steps: data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and the last stage involved drawing conclusions and verification. The results showed that the make-a-drawing strategy could facilitate mild intellectual disability students to develop mathematical problem-solving skills, strengthen their understanding of concepts, and increase their confidence in dealing with various daily mathematical situations.
IMPROVING STUDENTS’ LEARNING OF THE MATERIAL OF THE SHAHADA SENTENCE THROUGH THE STAD COOPERATIVE LEARNING
Authors: Jumahida  , Sulaiman Umar , Awaliah Musgamy  , Syaparuddin  , Aisyah Nur Syarif
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study explores the use of Student Teams Achievement Divisions (STAD) of the cooperative learning model to improve students' learning outcomes on the shahada sentence material in primary education. The study was conducted at SD Negeri 58 Ulo in Bone Regency using a quantitative approach using Class Action Research (CAR) and involved 15 grade 1 students. Data were collected through observation and learning outcome tests. The findings indicated that the application of the STAD cooperative learning model improved learning outcomes on the shahada sentence material. This research highlighted the importance of effective teaching methods in Islamic education at the primary school level. The results contribute to the development of more beneficial approaches in the field of primary education.
DEVELOPMENT OF LECTORA INSPIRE ASSISTED LEARNING MEDIA TO IMPROVE STUDENTS' CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS
Authors: Mahmud  , Hesty Parbuntari  , Vini Wela Septiana  , Debi Anggaraini
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Researchers are concerned about the low level of critical thinking of students in Indonesia and its impact on current generations. Solve this issue, there is a need to develop innovative and interactive learning media using lectora inspire in order to meet the demands of 21st-century learning. This research used the 4D development model (Define, Design, Develop, and Dissemination) and involved grade V elementary school students in West Sumatera province. The developed learning media was assessed for feasibility through tests on media, content, language, and practicality. The results indicated that the interactive learning media assisted by lectora inspire effectively enhanced the critical thinking skills of elementary school students. Experts deemed the media feasible in terms of content, language, and usability. The implementation of lectora inspire-based learning media is seen as a creative and reflective solution to tackle the challenges of the 21st century.
How Technological Development and E-Commerce Drive Economic Growth in Indonesia
Authors: Mahmud Ahmad Kafrawi , Iwang Baso , Kayyum A.Muh. , Binti Sa'at Nor Hayati
Published: July 2024

The economy is a very important thing in a country, the success of the State in controlling its economic activities can be seen in the country's economic growth rate. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of the development index of information communication technology and E-commerce on economic growth in Indonesia. This study aims to demonstrate the impact of the correlation between the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Development Index and E-Commerce on economic growth and increase understanding of the influence of developments in the ICT and E-Commerce domains on Indonesia's economic expansion. The variables in this study are the development index of communication, information technology, and E-commerce as independent variables and economic growth as the dependent variable. The type of research used is quantitative research with panel data analysis using the EViews10 application with the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) method. The population and sample in this study are time series data for 3 years and cross-section data for 34 provinces in Indonesia. The results show that the Information Communication Technology Development Index has a significant effect on Indonesia's economic growth in 2019-2021 which shows the direction of positive influence and E-Commerce (the percentage of businesses doing e-commerce) has a significant effect on economic growth, but shows the direction of negative influence. The impact of this research demonstrates the importance of allocating investments and policies to advance ICT development in Indonesia, which requires allocating government resources to initiatives such as infrastructure upgrades, digital literacy programs, and supportive regulatory frameworks. In addition, the research also highlights the potential to foster more inclusive economic growth through improving access to ICT tools, empowering marginalized communities, and addressing regulatory barriers to facilitate e-commerce growth in Indonesia.
EMPATHY AND TOLERANCE CULTIVATION IN PRIMARY STUDENTS THROUGH LOCAL CONTEXT-BASED SOCIAL SCIENCE LESSONS
Authors: Aramudin Aramudin , Susanti R. Hariyani
Published: July 2024

This study delves into the problem of fostering empathy and tolerance among elementary students through local context-based social science lessons. It investigated how integrating local context into the curriculum affected the development of students' empathy and tolerance. This study used a mixed-methods approach. The instruments used to collect data were questionnaires, observation sheets, and interview guidelines. The research was conducted on SDN 1 Baubau in Buton. Data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The study underscored teachers' pivotal role emphasizing culturally relevant and context-based pedagogical strategies. These findings highlighted the transformative potential of local context-based education in shaping students' social and emotional development. The study recommends a comprehensive curriculum reevaluation, prioritizing empathy and tolerance as crucial educational outcomes. This research provides concrete evidence of the positive impact of integrating local context, shaping a more empathetic and tolerant generation prepared for an interconnected world.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini membahas cara menumbuhkan empati dan toleransi di kalangan siswa sekolah dasar melalui pelajaran ilmu sosial yang berbasis konteks lokal. Penelitian ini meneliti cara memasukkan konteks lokal ke dalam kurikulum dapat mempengaruhi perkembangan empati dan toleransi siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan mixed-methods. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data adalah angket, lembar observasi, dan pedoman wawancara. Penelitian dilakukan di SDN 1 Baubau di Buton. Data dianalisis secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Penelitian ini menekankan peran penting guru dalam menggunakan strategi pengajaran yang relevan dengan budaya dan berbasis konteks lokal. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan berbasis konteks lokal memiliki potensi besar dalam membentuk perkembangan sosial dan emosional siswa. Studi ini merekomendasikan evaluasi ulang kurikulum secara menyeluruh, dengan menekankan pentingnya empati dan toleransi sebagai hasil pendidikan yang utama. Penelitian ini memberikan bukti konkret bahwa integrasi konteks lokal dapat berdampak positif, membantu membentuk generasi yang lebih empatik dan toleran yang siap menghadapi dunia yang memiliki interkoneksi.
USING COMMUNICATIVE BASED TEACHING MATERIALS THROUGH INSTAGRAM FOR INCREASING CREATIVITY AND SPEAKING SKILLS
Authors: Febriani Suci Ramadhanti , Widayanti Rizka , Husna Ilya , Yasmadi Yasmadi , Guettaoui Bedra Kddour
Published: July 2024

Using social media and Instagram among students is necessary in the era of globalization. Instagram can be used as a medium for university students to learn Arabic. This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of using Instagram based on communicative teaching materials in the Basic Level Training program in Arabic language courses at the Language Center of UIN Imam Bonjol Padang. This study used a mixed method that described students' perceptions. The participants were 30 students in the Arabic Language Basic Level Training program. This study showed that the teaching materials used were based on a communicative approach and contextual themes by context-based situations of everyday life. The findings indicated there was a significant effect of using teaching materials on students' creativity and speaking skills. Moreover, using communicative-based teaching materials accelerated students' mastery of language creativity and improved speaking skills. This study recommends further research to use a wider sample.
Abstrak:
Penggunaan media sosial dan Instagram di kalangan pelajar merupakan hal yang diperlukan di era globalisasi. Instagram dapat digunakan sebagai media untuk pembelajaran bahasa Arab di universitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan Instagram berbasis bahan ajar komunikatif dalam mengikuti program Pelatihan Tingkat Dasar pada mata kuliah bahasa Arab di Pusat Bahasa UIN Imam Bonjol Padang. Penelitian ini menggunakan mixed method yang menggambarkan persepsi siswa. Partisipannya adalah mahasiswa program Pelatihan Tingkat Dasar Bahasa Arab yang berjumlah 30 orang. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa bahan ajar yang digunakan didasarkan pada pendekatan komunikatif dan tema kontekstual berdasarkan konteks situasi kehidupan sehari-hari. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan pada penggunaan bahan ajar terhadap keterampilan kreatifitas dan berbicara siswa. Selain itu, penggunaan bahan ajar berbasis komunikatif dapat mempercepat penguasaan kreatifitas berbahasa siswa dan meningkatkan keterampilan berbicara. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penelitian selanjutnya untuk menggunakan sampel yang lebih luas.
THE UNLOCKING HIGHER-ORDER THINKING: BLOOM'S TAXONOMY AND TEACHER QUESTIONS IN INDONESIAN LANGUAGE INSTRUCTION
Authors: Sabir Adilah , Suyitno Imam , Susanto Gatot , Inthase Wichayanee
Published: July 2024

Teacher questioning plays a crucial role in fostering cognitive development among students. This study investigated the cognitive level of teacher questions in Indonesian language learning interactions, specifically examining the prevalence of higher-order and lower-order questions based on Anderson and Krathwohl's Revised Bloom's Taxonomy. Classroom observations and recordings were conducted with two Indonesian language teachers at SMK Nasional Malang. Findings revealed that teacher questions spanned both higher-order and lower-order cognitive processes. Higher-order questions effectively stimulated critical and creative thinking, while lower-order questions facilitated initial understanding and served as a foundation for more complex reasoning. However, lower-order cognitive questions were predominantly used compared to higher-order questions. These results underscore the need for teachers to strategically employ a hierarchical approach to questioning, emphasizing higher-order cognitive questions to cultivate students' critical and analytical thinking skills in the Indonesian language classroom.
Abstrak:
Pertanyaan yang diajukan guru dalam interaksi pembelajaran dapat mempengaruhi kemampuan berpikir siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan tingkat kognitif pertanyaan guru dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia, khususnya pertanyaan tingkat tinggi (HOTS) dan pertanyaan tingkat rendah (LOTS) berdasarkan Taksonomi Bloom Revisi Anderson dan Krathwohl. Penelitian ini melibatkan dua guru Bahasa Indonesia di SMK Nasional Malang dengan menggunakan metode observasi dan perekaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertanyaan guru dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia terbagi menjadi dua kategori: pertanyaan yang merangsang proses berpikir tingkat tinggi dan pertanyaan yang merangsang proses berpikir tingkat rendah. Pertanyaan tingkat tinggi efektif dalam mendorong pemikiran kritis dan kreatif siswa, sedangkan pertanyaan tingkat rendah berfungsi sebagai landasan awal untuk membangun penalaran siswa menuju pemahaman yang lebih kompleks. Namun, temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar pertanyaan yang diajukan guru termasuk dalam kategori LOTS. Oleh karena itu, guru perlu memperhatikan hierarki pertanyaan kognitif dan meningkatkan penggunaan pertanyaan HOTS untuk mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan analitis siswa secara lebih optimal.
DEVELOPMENT OF ASSESSMENT FOR LEARNING (AFL) INSTRUMENTS ON CONGRUENCE AND SIMILARITY SUBJECT FOR GRADE IX JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Hidayah Nurul , Ruslan  , Dassa Awi
Published: July 2024

This study aims to (1) know the development process assessment for learning (AfL) instruments on congruence and similarity subjects for grade IX junior high school students; (2) produce an assessment for learning (AfL) instruments on congruence and similarity subjects for grade IX junior high school students that are valid and reliable. This present study is development research involving 126 grade IX students of SMP Islam Athirah 2 Makassar. The results showed that: (1) the process of developing assessment for learning (AfL) instruments on congruence and similarity subject for grade IX junior high school students was carried out through the stages of compiling instrument specifications (including determining the purpose of the instrument, compiling the instrument grid, choosing the shape and format of the instrument, determining the length of the instrument, and determining the instrument scales and scoring systems), writing instruments, reviewing instruments (content validity test and instruments improvement), conducting instrument trials, interpreting measurement results, analyzing instruments (construct validity and reliability tests), and assembling instruments; (2) the results of the development of assessment for learning (AfL) instruments on congruence and similarity subject for grade IX junior high school students consisted of a learning process assessment test, a learning outcome assessment test, and a rubric for assessing cognitive aspects, psychomotor aspects, and affective aspects.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE APPLICATION OF BLENDED LEARNING TO SUPPORT THE PROFESSIONALISM OF MATHEMATICS LECTURERS
Authors: Dwi Risky Arifanti  , Alauddin  , Hengki
Published: July 2024

Investigations about the effectiveness of the application of blended learning today have been widely studied from the perspective of students. However, there is still little literature and findings on the effectiveness of blended learning in improving the professionalism of lecturers, especially in the field of mathematics. Furthermore, to support the implementation of blended learning, we use the Google Classroom application. Therefore, this study aims to investigate and describe the effectiveness of the application of blended learning to improve the professionalism of mathematics lecturers which includes dimensions of knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes. We used an Action Research design with one group post-test, where data were taken with several classes and the same treatment to achieve the research objectives. We involved two lecturers in the mathematics education study program with 34 students enrolled in the lecture. Furthermore, the research procedure includes three stages, namely preparation, implementation, and filling out data collection instruments. We used descriptive statistical analysis to obtain research objectives in the form of obtaining average scores, maximum values, minimum values, and standard deviations. Finally, the analysis results show: (1) the lecturer's knowledge is in the high category, (2) the lecturer's confidence is in the active category for each meeting, and (3) the expected attitude of lecturers in blended learning is in the positive category, so it can be concluded that the application of blended-learning is effective in improving the professionalism of mathematics lecturers.
PROFILE OF STUDENTS' PROBLEM-SOLVING ABILITIES BASED ON KEIRSEY'S PERSONALITY IN SOLVING ETHNOMATHEMATICS PROBLEMS
Authors: Nur Agustiani  , Isma Nastiti Maharani  , Ida Rahmawati
Published: July 2024

Problem-solving abilities are essential for students to face developments in the 21st century. This research examines students' problem-solving abilities in solving ethnomathematics-based problems in terms of Keirsey's personality type. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. The research instrument is a questionnaire to measure Keirsey's personality type (artisan, guardian, idealist, and rational), an ethnomathematics-based problem-solving test instrument with the Polya problem-solving stages. Research subjects were chosen based on specific considerations: students with artisan, guardian, idealist, and rational personality types. Data collection was carried out using questionnaires, tests, and interviews. Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that each student with a different personality type had different problem-solving abilities. Students with a rational personality type can fulfill all stages of Polya problem-solving in each problem. Students with the guardian personality type skip checking back on a problem. Students with an artisan personality type lack planning. Meanwhile, students with an idealistic personality type cannot fulfill the problem-solving stages in all problems. These findings emphasize differences in problem-solving abilities for each personality type, so they can be used as a reference for designing learning based on personality type.
Critérios para aplicação das medidas de segurança ao portador de doença mental, ante uma óptica jurídica peculiar
Authors: Vozniak Graziele da Silva , Bueno Mariza Schuster
Published: July 2024

O presente artigo objetiva analisar a problemática da punição legal e adequada para casos de agentes acometidos por doença mental, em seus variados graus, de forma individual a cada caso complexo, visando a seguridade social. A metodologia adotada na presente pesquisa é qualitativa e o método de abordagem é dedutivo apenso a revisão bibliográfica, tendo em vista as formas de doenças mentais mais comuns (esquizofrenia, psicopatia, retardo mental e fanatismo) e a imputabilidade ou medida de segurança correspondente. Explora-se a definição dos mencionados transtornos, a fim de exemplificar quais decisões judiciais são atribuídas a diferentes quadros. Ressalta-se que a discussão acerca da demarcação de limites no que compete à imputabilidade de crimes por parte de portadores de doenças mentais requer um olhar amplo e uma revisão criteriosa a nível interdisciplinar, sobretudo no que tange ao papel da psiquiatria forense. Conclui-se, através deste estudo que as áreas do Direito brasileiro, como direito penal e a psicologia e psiquiatria são primordiais para designar as medidas de segurança, evidenciando a atenção aos tratamentos alternativos, capazes de sanar as demandas mais básicas que podem evitar quadros avançados, contribuindo assim para desenvoltura da lide no âmbito social e jurídico.
Comparison of Waste Production in Regions of the Czech Republic in 2019-2021
Authors: Zedek Lukáš , Šembera Jan
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this article is to illustrate the intuitively understood links between the social and economic characteristics of an area and the waste production at a given location. These relationships have been investigated using statistical data from thirteen regions in the Czech Republic between 2019 and 2021. In order to evaluate the data, freely available tools such as Python 3.8.16 and a number of its libraries, e.g. matplotlib, plotly, sklearn, numpy and others, have been used.
Machine Learning Techniques for Fatal Accident Prediction
Authors: Zermane Hanane , Zermane Abderrahim , Tohir Mohd Zahirasri Mohd
Published: July 2024

Ensuring public safety on our roads is a top priority, and the prevalence of road accidents is a major concern. Fortunately, advances in machine learning allow us to use data to predict and prevent such incidents. Our study delves into the development and implementation of machine learning techniques for predicting road accidents, using rich datasets from Catalonia and Toronto Fatal Collision. Our comprehensive research reveals that ensemble learning methods outperform other models in most prediction tasks, while Decision Tree and K-NN exhibit poor performance. Additionally, our findings highlight the complexity involved in predicting various aspects of crashes, as the Stacking Regressor shows variability in its performance across different target variables. Overall, our study provides valuable insights that can significantly contribute to ongoing efforts to reduce accidents and their consequences by enabling more accurate predictions.
Study on natural disasters and protection measures in the Danxia landform region
Authors: Sun Yongxing
Published: July 2024

The unique landform of Danxia and the resulting landscape have become significant tourism resources. To fully utilize these resources, a comprehensive investigation has been conducted on geological and ecological disasters in the Danxia area. Through experiments on rock and soil samples, as well as X-ray diffraction mineral composition studies of Danxia rocks, it is evident that Mudstone with high clay mineral content is prone to collapse under water-karst erosion conditions, while sandstone with high clay mineral content easily weathers into grooves, which greatly impacts the overall stability of the cultural landscape carved into Danxia cliffs. Therefore, Health, Safety, and Environmental (HSE) technology is applied to protect and manage the Danxia landscape. An HSE management evaluation index system is established for different types of Danxia landscapes to provide a scientific theoretical basis and technical means for protecting and managing the cultural landscape across various regions.
Design and Effectiveness Analysis of Chorus and Conducting Courses in Colleges and Universities Based on Data Mining
Authors: Ailing Li , Yuqin Zhang
Published: July 2024

The teaching of chorus and command is an important basic course for Musicology Majors in applied universities. It is also regarded as a basic subject in many art performance courses. The teaching of chorus and command affects the teaching effect of art majors and the quality of talent training to a certain extent. Based on DM(data mining), this paper studies the design and effectiveness analysis of the College chorus and conducting the course. The research shows that the DM algorithm in this paper has the highest support in college chorus and conducting course design, with an average support of 60.39%. The average support of AI(artificial intelligence) and ant colony algorithm is 45.48% and 34.04% respectively. It can be seen that the DM algorithm in this paper is more suitable for the research of the support degree of the chorus and Command Course Design in Universities and colleges. Through DM, students are trained to skillfully and accurately master the skills of chorus and command, can correctly express the author’s creative intention, and can recreate the work data in time during the rehearsal. At the same time, they can constantly summarize teaching experience, accumulate a certain number of teaching data tracks, and enhance their ability to grasp large-scale music tracks.
The mediating effects of adversity quotient and self-efficacy on college students’ engagement and achievement
Authors: Cai Yan , Guo Jingshu
Published: July 2024

This study aims to explore the relationship among student engagement, adversity quotient, and academic achievement in higher education institutions, and to examine the moderating role of self-efficacy. Data from 413 college students were collected using convenience sampling and analyzed using the PROCESS macro in SPSS. The results indicate that student engagement positively affects academic achievement and that the adversity quotient plays a significant mediating role between student engagement and academic achievement. Furthermore, self-efficacy was found to have a moderating effect between student engagement and the adversity quotient, potentially strengthening the positive impact of student engagement on the adversity quotient to a certain extent. The study suggests that educators should focus on enhancing student engagement and self-efficacy and design personalized educational interventions to improve students’ adversity quotient and academic achievement.
Neural Network Applied to Telescope Pointing Inaccuracy Model
Authors: Zhaborovskyy Vitaliy , Medvedsky Myhailo , Choliy Vasyl , Pap Victor , Semenenko Viachelsav
Published: July 2024

In the course of satellite observations using satellite laser ranging (SLR), a key task is pointing the telescope with high precision. Positioning the steering system’s mechanical parts with zero error is impossible. Accordingly, we must analyze and account for pointing errors by incorporating the telescope mounting errors themselves into the modeling error. Such models are far from trivial owing to the factors such as satellite azimuth, altitude, perhaps distance, or meteorological data.

In this article, we explain how the data for the telescope pointing inaccuracy model (TIM) was collected and how a neural network was used to build a very precise TIM for the Golisiiv 1824 SLR station in Kyiv.

We have focused our efforts on the suggested approach’s positive aspects based on our experience of using it to find practical solutions. Our practical recommendations may also be interesting for anyone working with hardware, especially in analyzing their errors. The key proof of the effectiveness of the approach is the serious increase in the number of satellites successfully tracked, especially for “blind” paths, when the satellite is not visible to the observer through the telescope guide.
Determination of the Topography-Bounded Atmospheric Gravity Correction for the Area of Poland
Authors: Trojanowicz Marek , Kasprzak Monika , Jaworska Karolina
Published: July 2024

The standard recommended atmospheric gravity correction is based on the International Association of Geodesy (IAG) approach. This correction introduced into the results of gravimetric measurements reduces, in a simplified way, the influence of the actual atmospheric masses and the atmospheric masses contained inside a reference ellipsoid from the determined gravity anomalies or disturbances. Model of the actual atmosphere used in the IAG approach does not take into account topography as the lower boundary of the atmosphere, assuming that the atmosphere consists of spherical, constant density layers. In this study, we determined and analysed the components of atmospheric gravity correction for the area of Poland and its surroundings, considering topography as the lower limit of the atmosphere. In the calculations, we used algorithms typical for determining the topographic gravity reduction, assuming a model of atmospheric density based on the United States Standard Atmosphere 1976 model. The topography-bounded gravity atmospheric correction values determined were within the limits of 0.748–0.886 mGal and were different from standard, approximate atmospheric correction values in the range of 0.011 mGal for points at the sea level up to 0.105 mGal for points located at an altitude of approximately 2600 m.
Effect of molasses on nutritive value and in-vitro digestibility of elephant grass silage
Authors: Ayandiran Samuel Kola , Odeyinka Simisola Mercy , Oloidi Festus Femi , Amoo Ase-Oro Falilat , Ojo Iyanu Faith , Ogunmola Yetunde Esther , Olakunle Toyin Margret
Published: July 2024

Ensiling preserving a forage crop and its nutrients to feed later on as silage. In this study, elephant grass was ensiled with varying levels of molasses as an additive to evaluate its effect on the nutritive value and in-vitro digestibility of the silage. Four treatments of Pennisetum purpureum grass silage were produced with the inclusion of molasses at 0 (T1), 2.5 (T2), 5 (T3), and 7.5 % (T4) inclusion levels. Elephant grass ensiled with higher levels of molasses inclusions (T3, and T4) had significantly higher (p < 0.05) dry matter, crude protein, nitrogen-free extract, and lactic acid than T1 and T2 silages. However, T1 and T2 silages had significantly higher (p < 0.05) crude fibre and ash contents. Furthermore, silage without molasses inclusion (T1) had significantly higher (p < 0.05) in most of the fibre fractions compared to other silages in this study. At 6 and 15 hours, there were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in the means of in-vitro gas production. However, gas production was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in silages with the inclusion of additives (T4, T3, and T2) at 9, 12, 18, 21, and 24 hours of incubation. Conspicuously, silages containing graded levels of molasses as an additive had significantly higher (p < 0.05) digestibility and organic matter digestibility than the silage without molasses. The methane gas and metabolisable contents were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in T3 and T4 silages than T1 and T2 silages. However, T3 had significantly the highest (p < 0.05) gas volume followed by T2, T4, and T1 silages. It can be concluded that our H1 hypothesis was confirmed and the inclusion of molasses as an additive in elephant grass silage resulted in improved dry matter, crude protein, lactic acid contents, reduced fibre fractions, and superior in-vitro digestibility values as well as relatively better gas production by the silage.
Improved Grey Wolf Optimization Based Node Localization Approach in Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Jeyaseelan WR Salem , Kumar K Vinoth , Jayasankar T , Ponni R
Published: July 2024

Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) are established by Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) or static Sensor Nodes (SN) that collect and transmit information over the underwater environment. Localization plays a vital role in the effective deployment, navigation and coordination of these nodes for many applications, namely underwater surveillance, underwater exploration, oceanographic data collection and environmental monitoring. Due to the unique characteristics of underwater transmission and acquisition, this is a fundamental challenge in underwater networks. However, localization in UWSNs is problematic due to the unique features of underwater transmission and the harsh underwater environment. To address these challenges, this paper presents an Improved Grey Wolf Optimization Based Node Localization Approach in UWSN (IGWONL-UWSN) technique. The presented IGWONL-UWSN technique is inspired by the hunting behavior of grey wolves with the Dimension Learning-based Hunting (DLH) search process. The proposed IGWONL-UWSN technique uses the Improved Grey Wolf Optimization Based (IGWO) algorithm to calculate the optimal location of the nodes in the UWSN. Moreover, the IGWONL-UWSN technique incorporates the DLH search process to improve the convergence and accuracy. The simulation results of the IGWONL-UWSN technique are validated using a set of performance measures. The simulation results show the improvements of the IGWONL-UWSN method over other approaches with respect to various metrics.
Improving Quality of Service (QoS) in Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks using Epsilon Greedy Strategy
Authors: Senthil Kumar S. , Alzaben Nada , Sridevi A. , Ranjith V.
Published: July 2024

Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs) are networks consisting of sensors that have limitations in terms of memory, computational power, bandwidth and battery life. Multimedia transmission using Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a difficult task because certain Quality of Service (QoS) guarantees are required. These guarantees include a large quantity of bandwidth, rigorous latency requirements, improved packet delivery and lower loss ratio. The main area of research would be to investigate the process of greedy techniques that could be modified to guarantee QoS provisioning for multimedia traffic in WSNs. This could include optimization of routing decisions, dynamic allocation of resources and effective congestion management. This study introduces a framework called Epsilon Greedy Strategy based Routing Protocol (EGS-RP) for multimedia content transmission over WSN. The framework focuses on energy efficiency and QoS by using reinforcement learning to optimize rewards. These incentives are determined by a number of variables, including node residual energy, communication energy and the effectiveness of sensor type-dependent data collection. Experimental analysis was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed routing strategy and compare it with the performance of standard energy-aware routing algorithms. The proposed EGS-RP achieves a throughput of 217 kbps, a bandwidth of 985 bps, a packet delivery ratio of 94.45% and an energy consumption of 32%.
Health behaviour of Polish nurses
Authors: Korulczyk Jan , Kuszplak Kamil Szczepan , Wysokiński Mariusz , Fidecki Wiesław
Published: July 2024

Aim. This study aimed to determine the level of health behaviours and correlations with demographic variables of nurses and nurse practitioners.

Material and methods. The research used a diagnostic survey method with a survey technique. The research tool used to collect data was a proprietary sociodemographic data questionnaire and a standardised questionnaire: Health Behaviour Inventory (HBI).

Results. Assessing the study group of nurses using the Health Behaviour Inventory, a mean score of 80.44±11.96 was obtained. The area of correct eating habits (mean 3.43±0.63) was rated highest by the respondents. Assessing the respondents using the HBI by subgroups, it was found that the largest group was those with average health behaviours of 44.2% (n=542). The group with the lowest percentage was high level health behaviour 18.1% (n=222).

Conclusions. Some of the factors infl uencing health behaviors are consistent with the environment and type of work, and are therefore specifi c to nursing staff . The high level of proper eating habits is also infl uenced by positive civilization changes and higher social awareness of lifestyle, which was not the subject of in-depth research in this study. The low level of health practices is related to the specifi c nature of a nurse’s work in the context of working time and work system.
Usage and beliefs of student teachers towards artificial intelligence in writing
Authors: Helm Gerrit , Hesse Florian
Published: July 2024

Generative AI applications are believed to have disruptive potential, not only for academic writing. However, little is known about which AI tools are used to what extent for writing. This is especially true for student teachers who are expected both to learn writing and teach it in the future. Therefore, 505 student teachers were surveyed about their usage of and beliefs regarding writing with AI. The results show that ChatGPT is the most frequently used application, although knowledge of AI does not automatically translate into regular use. Nevertheless, most participants believe that AI applications play a crucial role for writing in school. Considering the extent of AI usage and beliefs about AI in a regression model, AI literacy, the subject studied, self-assessed digital skills, and writing-related self-concept can explain a medium amount of the variance. Based on these findings, the article draws conclusions for further research and teacher training.
Accuracy Evaluation of Visible-Near Infrared Spectroscopy for Detecting Insect Damage in Acorns of Quercus acuta
Authors: Cho Gye-Hong , Kim Ye-Ji , Jeon Koeun , Joo Hye-Jun , Kang Kyu-Suk
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to test near-infrared spectroscopy to assess insect damage to oak acorns collected from a seed orchard of Quercus acuta in Jeju Island, Korea. A total of 550 acorns were sorted into 362 sound and 178 unsound (insect-damaged) acorns, followed by near-infrared spectroscopy. To minimize spectral data errors, preprocessing techniques such as first derivative, multiplicative scatter correction, standard normal variate, and Savitzky-Golay filter were applied, along with multivariate analysis methods like partial least squares. Then the model performance, including accuracy and precision, was evaluated using the Variable Importance in Projection. The near-infrared wavelength of the acorns showed strong absorption peaks at 660~720nm and a slight downward trend at 900~1000nm. The most effective model for distinguishing unsound acorns was Savitzky-Golay filtering treatment applied in the 400~1000nm range and used partial least squares, showing prediction accuracy of 86 % (p<0.05). The performance was significantly influenced by absorption points at 660~720nm and 960~1000nm, with the latter range believed to be affected by changes in moisture and carbohydrates due to insect damage. The former range showed lower classification capability due to chlorophyll and color variation but affected the model performance when used with near-infrared wavelength range. These findings can narrow down the scope of investigation for future research using wider wavelength ranges or multispectral analysis.
An improved and effective DNA extraction protocol for Pyracantha crenulata with optimal PCR reliability
Authors: Kavidayal Haripriya , Rawat Anita , Saroj Shanti , Ginwal Harish Singh
Published: July 2024

There are many challenges involved in obtaining high-quality DNA from tissues/cells, especially when using plants as the raw material. Three different DNA extraction protocols were employed in order to isolate high quality of genomic DNA from Pyracantha crenulata leaves. P. crenulata is a complex, versatile, and evergreen shrub species in Rosaceae family which is ecologically, economically and culturally important. This species produces valuable antioxidants like polyphenols, polysaccharides and secondary metabolites which interfere with DNA extraction thus making molecular marker based studies difficult in this species. This study aimed to develop a simple, rapid, cost-effective and highly efficient protocol for P. crenulata leaves rich in salts and phenols. The results demonstrated that modified CTAB (double buffer) protocol is very effective in overcoming the challenges that could impede next-generation sequencing analysis. The yield of the extracted DNA was excellent ranging from 368 to 410 ng/μL DNA with A260/280 ratio ranging from 1.80 to 1.84. The extracted DNA was amenable to PCR amplification making it suitable for DNA-based molecular marker studies. None procedures have been published for the purpose up this species, therefore, double buffer based extraction protocol is reported for the first time in P. crenulata and might prove useful in other species of family Rosa-ceae. This study describes an effective DNA isolation method that is appropriate for frequent population genetic screening. In conclusion, the double buffer protocol showed the most efficient and effective approach for extracting DNA from phenol rich, fresh, mature, and dry leaves.
Strategi Penggunaan WhatsApp sebagai Customer Relations pada Proses Penerimaan Mahasiswa Baru Universitas Tarumanagara
Authors: Caesar Oei Winka Wynne , Junaidi Ahmad
Published: July 2024

Communication is the main aspect of social life so that this activity is not just exchanging messages but to achieve common meaning. As we know, communication activities are currently influenced by various factors, namely the development of technology and human resources. The use of technology is also carried out by Tarumanagara University to disseminate information and handle complaints related to the admission process for new students through WhatsApp social media. In this study, the author realized that in implementing communication strategies, persuasion skills are needed to convey stimulus (messages) so that they can achieve the desired response. The theories used in this study are interpersonal communication theory, communication strategies and persuasion influenced by new media. The research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study research method, research data obtained from the results of in-depth interviews, participatory observations, documentation, and literature studies of four speakers. The results showed that the use of WhatsApp media as a strategy in reaching prospective students was quite good. This study also included evidence of support in the form of survey results conducted every month specifically for admission services via WhatsApp with an average result in 2022 obtaining a value of 3.8-4.0 for WhatsApp services at Tarumanagara University Admissions.
Komunikasi menjadi aspek utama dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat sehingga kegiatan ini bukanlah sekadar bertukar pesan saja melainkan untuk mencapai kesamaan makna. Seperti yang kita ketahui kegiatan komunikasi saat ini dipengaruhi dengan berbagai faktor yakni perkembangan teknologi dan sumber daya manusia. Pemanfaatan teknologi juga dilakukan oleh Universitas Tarumanagara untuk menyebarkan informasi serta menangani keluhan terkait proses penerimaan Mahasiswa baru melalui media sosial WhatsApp. Pada penelitian ini penulis menyadari bahwa dalam menerapkan strategi komunikasi diperlukan kemampuan persuasi untuk menyampaikan stimulus (pesan) sehingga dapat mencapai respon yang diinginkan. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori Komunikasi Antarpribadi, Strategi Komunikasi, dan Persuasi yang dipengaruhi oleh New Media. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode penelitian studi kasus, data hasil penelitian diperoleh dari hasil wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, dokumentasi, dan studi kepustakaan terhadap empat narasumber. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemanfaat media WhatsApp sebagai strategi dalam menjangkau calon mahasiswa sudah cukup baik. Pada penelitian ini juga disertakan bukti dukungan berupa hasil survei yang dilakukan setiap bulan khusus untuk pelayanan Admisi via WhatsApp dengan hasil rata-rata di tahun 2022 memperoleh nilai 3.8-4.0 untuk layanan WhatsApp di Admisi Universitas Tarumanagara.