bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Standar Keshahihan Hadis Menurut Syuhudi Ismail
Authors: Habib Irham
Published: January 2024

This Article aims to discuss Syuhudi Ismail’s view of the standard of authentic hadith. The author uses the library research method. This method uses data collection with the technique of documenting books that discuss Syuhudi Ismail and his method of studying hadith. Furthermore, the results of the study are: Syuhudi Ismail presents two principles in criticizing the authenticity of hadith, namely the major rule and the minor rule. The major rules are the varios conditions of criteria for the validity of a hadith that are general in nature, while the minor rules are the elements of the rules which are derivatives and detailed explanations of the rules major.

ABSTRAK

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk membahas pandangan Syuhudi Ismail terhadap standar keshahihan hadis. Penulis menggunakan metode kajian pustaka (library research). Metode ini menggunakan pengumpulan data dengan teknik mendokumentasikan buku-buku yang membahas tentang Syuhudi Ismail dan metodenya dalam menelaah hadis. Selanjutnya hasil dari kajian tersebut adalah: Syuhudi Ismail menyajikan dua kaidah dalam mengkiritik keshahihan hadis yaitu kaedah mayor dan kaedah minor. Kaedah mayor adalah berbagai syarat atau kreteria kesahihan suatu hadis yang bersifat umum, sedangkan kaedah minor yaitu unsur-unsur kaedah yang merupakan turunan dan penjelasan terperinci dari kaidah mayor.
Beragam Metode Memahami Hadis Nabi Saw
Authors: Zaini Muhammad
Published: January 2024

The existence of hadiths has not only colored society in various aspects of life, particularly in the academic world, but has also become a continual and fascinating subject of study and research, including approaches and methodologies for understanding and applying hadiths. Nevertheless, comprehending the meaning of a hadith properly can sometimes be relatively challenging. Therefore, the understanding of hadiths has undergone a very long journey, from the time they were spoken and established by the Prophet Muhammad until the present day. The methods used to understand these hadiths have varied from one period to another. This can be understood as a dynamic in the development of human intellectual insight that never ceases over time. The evolution in the understanding of hadiths is also marked by the emergence of various approaches and methods in line with the changing conditions and situations.

ABSTRAK

Keberadaan hadis tidak hanya telah mewarnai masyarakat dalam berbagai kehidupan, terutama dalam dunia akademisi, akan tetapi juga telah menjadi bahasan dalam kajian dan penelitian yang menarik dan tiada hentinya, termasuk pendekatan dan metodologi pemahaman hadis beserta aplikasinya. Meskipun demikian, untuk memahami maksud suatu hadis secara baik terkadang relative tidak mudah. Oleh karena itu, pemahaman terhadap hadis telah mengalami perjalanan yang sangat panjang, sejak hadis itu diucapkan dan ditetapkan oleh Nabi saw sampai saat sekarang inki. Metode yang digunakan dalam memahami hadis tersebut saling berbeda antara satu periode dengan periode yang lain. Hal ini dapat dimaklumi sebagai suatu dinamika perkembangan wawasan intelektual manusia yang tidak pernah berhenti sepanjang masa. Perkembangan pemahaman terhadap hadis juga ditandai oleh munculnya berbagai pendekatan dan metode sesuai dengan kondisi dan situasi.
MAHKAMAH SYARIAH DARI ABAD KE ABAD Shariah Courts from Century to Century
Authors: Yaacob Abdul Monir
Published: January 2024

This is a brief glance at the development of the Shariah Court, originally known as the Kadi Court, throughout the Malay states. The research concentrates on the period of British colonisation and the period following the country’s independence. This study takes a qualitative approach by referencing published documents. The elements, as well as document comparisons, were thoroughly analysed. Interviews with people in positions of authority were also conducted in order to gather more data. The study focuses on numerous features of the Shariah Court, including the Sultan’s power to appoint Kadi/Judges, the status of Kadi, Court buildings, Court jurisdiction, conflict of jurisdiction, Article 121 (1A) Federal Constitution, and some Shariah Court-related concerns. There are some things that have not been investigated and recorded in the description of the given with great care, but have been examined reasonably extensively. This study would help to reorganise materials on the Shariah Court that have been scattered across several publications into a single publication for the benefit of those interested in learning more about the Shariah Court, particularly academics and researchers in the field of Islamic jurisprudence.
ULASAN BUKU: ISLAM DAN MELAYU DALAM PERLEMBAGAAN: TIANG SERI HUBUNGAN ETNIK DI MALAYSIA Book Review: Islam and Malays in the Constitution: Ethnic Relations in Malaysia
Authors: Buang Ahmad Hidayat
Published: January 2024

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Indicador de Pobreza Multidimensional e Sua Aplicação aos Pequenos Municípios da Bahia
Authors: Calasans C. L. Pessoti Fernanda , Tomé da Costa Mata Henrique
Published: January 2024

O presente artigo analisa a pobreza multidimensional nos municípios baianos nos anos 2000 e 2010, com base na Abordagem das Necessidades Básicas e na Abordagem das Capacitações. O objetivo é elaborar e aplicar o indicador multidimensional de pobreza proposto por Alkire e Foster (2007), e adaptado por Alkire e Santos (2010), à realidade baiana, em especial aos municípios com até 20 mil habitantes. O texto se fundamenta no entendimento de que os indicadores de pobreza e suas respectivas delimitações estão embasados em pressupostos teóricos relativos à conceituação de bem-estar social. Inicialmente, apresenta algumas considerações sobre o estudo da pobreza, enfatizando o direcionamento para a multidimensionalidade, e as principais contribuições das abordagens das Necessidades Básicas e das Capacitações para as análises de pobreza. Em seguida, calcula o Índice Alkire-Foster (IAF) para os municípios baianos, destacando a adequação desse índice à essas municipalidades, bem como aos microdados dos Censos Demográficos 2000 e 2010. Os resultados da aplicação do IAF demonstram redução da pobreza multidimensional entre os anos selecionados e atestam que a pobreza era maior nos pequenos municípios, que concentravam quase 1/3 dos pobres do estado em 2010.
Assédio moral no estágio: a perspectiva de graduandos do curso de Administração
Authors: Silva da Costa Carlos Everaldo , Carvalho Beltrão Ana Catharina , Bruno da Silva Monte Madson
Published: January 2024

O estudo, tem como objetivo analisar o AM na perspectiva de universitários de uma universidade federal, pertencentes ao curso de Administração, durante a prática de seus estágios. A metodologia classifica o estudo como exploratório, do tipo descritivo-interpretativo e de abordagem mista. A pesquisa ocorreu entre 2019 e 2020 e, do total de 226 alunos em situação regular de estágio, a amostra foi calculada chegando-se a 143 questionários necessários e respondidos. Para a coleta de dados primários, após o pré-teste, foram aplicados questionários online e presencialmente. Já os secundários, foram às resoluções normativas da respectiva universidade federal sobre sua regulação do estágio. A análise dos dados revelou que as condições de estágio são boas para maioria dos participantes, mas houve percepção destes quanto à ocorrência de AM. Em maior grau, foram enfatizadas a realização de tarefas inferiores as suas capacidades, assim como humilhações. E, em menor grau, ofensas verbais, sexuais, religiosas, sociais e políticas, interferência na vida privada e ataques físicos.
As mulheres privadas de liberdade a partir da teoria crítica dos direitos humanos de Herrera Flores: opressões históricas e atuais
Authors: Segura Guimarães Rocha Felipe , Mayer Gorte Gianne , De Quadros Matheus
Published: January 2024

O presente trabalho examina o panorama geral da situação fática das mulheres privadas de liberdade no Brasil, e sob um olhar crítico, analisa a situação desse grupo vulnerável, numa perspectiva crítica dos direitos humanos, calcada, principalmente, no referencial teórico de Joaquín Herrera Flores. O estudo envolve pesquisa qualitativa e exploratória, focada em observar de maneira crítica a evolução histórica da situação das mulheres privadas de liberdade, perpassando desde os primeiros presídios femininos brasileiros, até a situação atual. Para a realização do presente trabalho, utilizou-se de pesquisa indireta e de pesquisa direta documental. Com a investigação, conclui-se que a concepção de Herrera Flores condiz com a conjuntura observada, especificamente no que concerne à situação dos direitos humanos do grupo ora estudado, de modo que é necessária uma luta de frente dupla: jurídica, pela positivação dos direitos desse grupo, e política, pela criação de políticas públicas que efetivem esses direitos, bem como a criação de uma nova Grundnorm, que contemple grupos tradicionalmente oprimidos pela sociedade.
Forma organizacyjno-prawna a efektywność gospodarstw wielkoobszarowych
Authors: Grontkowska Anna
Published: January 2024

W opracowaniu przedstawiono zmiany zasobów oraz wskaźników finansowych (rentowności działalności gospodarczej, rentowności aktywów oraz rentowności kapitału własnego) przedsiębiorstw wielkoobszarowych uczestniczących w Liście 300 w latach 2003-2006 według form własnościowych. Gospodarstwa te osiągają wysoką wydajność pracy przy stosunkowo niewielkim zatrudnieniu. Jednak występuje zróżnicowanie między poszczególnymi formami organizacyjno-prawnymi. W zakresie rentowności działalności gospodarczej przewagę wykazują jednostki w dzierżawie, niezależnie czy są realizowane przez osoby fizyczne, spółki pracownicze czy inne podmioty, oraz przedsiębiorstwa będące własnością prywatną (jednostki sprywatyzowane częściowo i całkowicie), natomiast w zakresie rentowności aktywów rolnicze spółdzielnie produkcyjne, chociaż różnice między formami organizacyjno-prawnymi nie są istotne.
Efektywność hodowli roślin rolniczych w spółkach ANR
Authors: Filipiak Tadeusz
Published: January 2024

W artykule przedstawiono aktualną sytuację w hodowli roślin rolniczych w spółkach ANR. Zaprezentowano hodowlę twórczą i zachowawczą roślin, koszty hodowli roślin i źródła ich finansowania, a także efektywność ekonomiczną hodowli roślin rolniczych w spółkach ANR.
Rola gospodarstw wielkotowarowych w rolnictwie Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Poczta Walenty , Sadowski Arkadiusz , Średzińska Joanna
Published: January 2024

W artykule określono znaczenie gospodarstw wielkotowarowych w rolnictwie krajów UE na podstawie danych FADN. Analizie poddano udział zasobów czynników produkcji gospodarstw powyżej 100 ESU w zasobach wszystkich towarowych gospodarstw UE. Na tej podstawie dokonano typologii krajów UE. W wyniku przeprowadzonego grupowania uzyskano cztery jednorodne skupienia państw UE różniące się znaczeniem gospodarstw wielkotowarowych, odzwierciedlonym udziałem czynników produkcji będących w ich posiadaniu.
Tracing Intellectual Origins in Accounting
Authors: Zeff Stephen A.
Published: January 2024

This paper seeks to track the intellectual evolution of four important streams of thought in the American accounting literature, tracing them back to their originating expressions. The four streams are decision usefulness in both management accounting and financial accounting, futurity in financial accounting, the literature on general price-level accounting, and consolidation goodwill in business combinations.
Lower Incidence of Hypoglycemia With Angiotensin Receptor Blocker Versus ACE Inhibitor Therapy in People With or Without Diabetes
Authors: Khanimov Israel , Zingerman Boris , Rozen-Zvi Benaya , Shimonov Mordechai , Leibovitz Eyal
Published: January 2024

This article describes a study examining the association between treatment with ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) and incident hypoglycemia in patients with or without diabetes who were admitted to the internal medicine departments of a tertiary hospital in the Tel Aviv district of Israel. The authors found that treatment with ARBs, but not ACE inhibitors, compared with treatment with neither, was associated with a reduced risk of hypoglycemia regardless of diabetes status.
Higher HbA1c Is Associated With Greater 2-Year Progression of White Matter Hyperintensities
Authors: Schweitzer Noah , Son Sang Joon , Aizenstein Howard , Yang Shaolin , Iordanova Bistra , Hong Chang Hyung , Rho Hyun Woong , Cho Yong Hyuk , Park Bumhee , Kim Na-Rae , Choi Jin Wook , Cheong Jae Youn , Seo Sang Woon , An Young-Sil , Moon So Young , Han Seung Jin , Wu Minjie
Published: January 2024

White matter hyperintensity (WMH) lesions on brain MRI images are surrogate markers of cerebral small vessel disease. Longitudinal studies examining the association between diabetes and WMH progression have yielded mixed results. Thus, in this study, we investigated the association between HbA1c, a biomarker for the presence and severity of hyperglycemia, and longitudinal WMH change after adjusting for known risk factors for WMH progression. We recruited 64 participants from South Korean memory clinics to undergo brain MRI at the baseline and a 2-year follow-up. We found the following. First, higher HbA1c was associated with greater global WMH volume (WMHV) changes after adjusting for known risk factors (β = 7.7 × 10−4; P = 0.025). Second, the association between baseline WMHV and WMHV progression was only significant at diabetic levels of HbA1c (P < 0.05, when HbA1c >6.51%), and non–apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 carriers had a stronger association between HbA1c and WMHV progression (β = −2.59 × 10−3; P = 0.004). Third, associations of WMHV progression with HbA1c were particularly apparent for deep WMHV change (β = 7.17 × 10−4; P < 0.01) compared with periventricular WMHV change and, for frontal (β = 5.00 × 10−4; P < 0.001) and parietal (β = 1.53 × 10−4; P < 0.05) lobes, WMHV change compared with occipital and temporal WMHV change. In conclusion, higher HbA1c levels were associated with greater 2-year WMHV progression, especially in non–APOE ε4 participants or those with diabetic levels of HbA1c. These findings demonstrate that diabetes may potentially exacerbate cerebrovascular and white matter disease.

Article Highlights
Therapeutic Targets for Diabetic Kidney Disease: Proteome-Wide Mendelian Randomization and Colocalization Analyses
Authors: Zhang Wei , Ma Leilei , Zhou Qianyi , Gu Tianjiao , Zhang Xiaotian , Xing Haitao
Published: January 2024

At present, safe and effective treatment drugs are urgently needed for diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Circulating protein biomarkers with causal genetic evidence represent promising drug targets, which provides an opportunity to identify new therapeutic targets. Summary data from two protein quantitative trait loci studies are presented, one involving 4,907 plasma proteins data from 35,559 individuals and the other encompassing 4,657 plasma proteins among 7,213 European Americans. Summary statistics for DKD were obtained from a large genome-wide association study (3,345 cases and 2,372 controls) and the FinnGen study (3,676 cases and 283,456 controls). Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted to examine the potential targets for DKD. The colocalization analysis was used to detect whether the potential proteins exist in the shared causal variants. To enhance the credibility of the results, external validation was conducted. Additionally, enrichment analysis, assessment of protein druggability, and the protein-protein interaction networks were used to further enrich the research findings. The proteome-wide MR analyses identified 21 blood proteins that may causally be associated with DKD. Colocalization analysis further supported a causal relationship between 12 proteins and DKD, with external validation confirming 4 of these proteins, and TGFBI was affirmed through two separate group data sets. These results indicate that targeting these four proteins could be a promising approach for treating DKD, and warrant further clinical investigations.

Article Highlights
Bir Quadrotorun Yörünge Takibinde Doğrusal Ve Doğrusal Olmayan Kontrol Yöntemlerinin Performans Değerlendirmesi
Authors: Canpolat Tosun Demet
Published: January 2024

Farklı tip kontrol yöntemlerinin uygulanması ve değerlendirilmesi için quadrotorlar uygun test sistemleridir. Yapısal basitliği ve kolay uygulanabilirliği ile doğrusal yöntemlerden PID ve LQR denetleyici quadrotorun yörünge kontrolünde kullanılmıştır. Doğrusal yöntemlerin yanı sıra, daha gürbüz kontrol yaklaşımları sunan doğrusal olmayan yöntemlerden geri beslemeli doğrusallaştırma yöntemi, kayan kipli kontrol yöntemi ve geri adımlamalı kontrol yöntemi aynı problem için ele alınmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar birlikte değerlendirilerek her iki tip kontrol yaklaşımının quadrotor davranışında etkisi incelenmiştir.
Inpatient multimodal rehabilitation and the role of pain intensity and mental distress on return-to-work: causal mediation analyses of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Aasdahl Lene , Nilsen Tom Ivar Lund , Mork Paul Jarle , Fimland Marius Steiro , Skarpsno Eivind Schjelderup
Published: January 2024

Objective: Studies suggest that symptom reduction is not necessary for improved return-to-work after occupational rehabilitation programmes. This secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial examined whether pain intensity and mental distress mediate the effect of an inpatient programme on sustainable return-to-work.
Methods: The randomized controlled trial compared inpatient multimodal occupational rehabilitation (n = 82) with outpatient acceptance and commitment therapy (n = 79) in patients sick-listed due to musculoskeletal and mental health complaints. Pain and mental distress were measured at the end of each programme, and patients were followed up on sick-leave for 12 months. Cox regression with an inverse odds weighted approach was used to assess causal mediation.
Results: The total effect on return-to-work was in favour of the inpatient programme compared with the control (hazard ratio (HR) 1.96; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.15–3.35). There was no evidence of mediation by pain intensity (indirect effect HR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.61–1.57, direct effect HR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.02–3.90), but mental distress had a weak suppression effect (indirect effect HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.59–1.36, direct effect HR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.13–4.26).
Conclusion: These data suggest that symptom reduction is not necessary for sustainable return-to-work after an inpatient multimodal occupational rehabilitation intervention.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN KOMIK BERBASIS CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA SD
Authors: Dwi Safirah Adita , Suhartiningsih Suhartiningsih
Published: January 2024

Kurangnya penggunaan media pembelajaran inovatif dan pendekatan pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan karakteristik siswa membuat minat dan motivasi belajar siswa menurun, sehingga hasil belajar yang dicapai rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis validitas, keefektifan, dan kepraktisan media pembelajaran komik berbasis Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa SD. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut dilakukan penelitian pengembangan dengan menggunakan model yang dilakukan oleh Thiagarajan (4D). Adapun langkah-langkah penelitian yaitu; (1) pendefinisian (define), (2) perancangan (design), (3) pengembangan (develop), dan (4) penyebaran (disseminate). Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV SDN Gununggangsir 1 Pasuruan. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, validasi, angket respon siswa, dan tes hasil belajar. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian pengembangan ini menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan analisis data kuantitatif. Hasil validasi media yang dilakukan oleh ahli media memperoleh skor 96% dengan kategori sangat layak, ahli materi memperoleh skor 93,3% dengan kategori sangat layak, dan ahli bahasa memperoleh skor 94,7% dengan kategori sangat layak. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan dalam hasil belajar siswa pada kelas eksperimen setelah menggunakan media komik berbasis Contextual Teaching and Learning. Selain itu, hasil uji perbandingan rata-rata juga menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol, dengan kelas eksperimen mencapai hasil yang lebih baik. Hasil posttest kelas eksperimen sebesar 86,5 sedangkan kelas kontrol 62,5. Hasil angket respon siswa terhadap kepraktisan media komik memperoleh skor 94,1 dengan kategori sangat praktis. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengembangan media komik berbasis CTLvalid, efektif, dan praktis meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa SD.
Farmers’ Awareness of and Attitude towards Diversified Legumes Production in Singida Region, Tanzania
Authors: Lema Caroline Fredy , Kadigi Michael , Kayunze Kim Abel
Published: January 2024

For an extended period, legumes have served as nutritional sources in the diets of both humans and animals. Efforts have been made to increase the yield of the legume crops in Tanzania, but there is still low awareness of and unfavourable attitudes towards legume crop diversification among farmers. The study, on which this paper is based, aimed at investigating farmers’ awareness of and attitude towards diversified legumes, specifically to analyze socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents, assess awareness of and attitude towards diversified legumes production, and determine effects of awareness of and attitude towards diversified legumes production on management practices of diversified legumes production. A cross-sectional survey was employed whereby primary data were collected from 204 legume farmers using a semi-structured questionnaire. Content analysis was conducted using Nvivo software to analyze qualitative data. For quantitative data, Likert scale analysis was employed as a method for descriptive statistics, and Principal Component Analysis was used as a method for inferential analysis. These analyses were performed using Smart PLS software. The findings of the study revealed that several factors significantly influenced smallholder farmers' awareness and perception of diversified legumes. These factors included ease of cultivation, fair distribution of seeds, food availability, increase in income level, high legume harvest, and higher profitability of legumes (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the statement "enough of information" did not show statistical significance (p > 0.05). However, it exhibited a positive association. Conclusively, criteria like "easy cultivation" and "fair seed distribution" had a big impact on how smallholder farmers perceived and knew about diverse legumes. However, "enough information" did not appear to have a major significance. In addition, it was found that major influences on farmers' attitudes and understanding of diversified legumes included the availability of food, rising income levels, high yields of legumes, and perceived profitability. The paper recommends for the improvement of farmers' awareness and perception of diversified legumes, fair seed distribution methods must be established that provide equal access to high-quality seeds with the help of government organizations, non-profit organizations, and seed businesses.
Pengaruh Tingkat Pendidikan Dan Pemahaman Materi Pendidikan Pranikah Terhadap Kemampuan Pembangunan Ketahanan Keluarga Masyarakat Kota Medan
Authors: Aisyah Siti , Wallad Annisa Utami , Tohani Entoh
Published: January 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh tingkat pendidikan dan pemahaman materi pendidikan pranikah terhadap kemampuan pembangunan ketahanan keluarga masyarakat Kota Medan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan empiris. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah model ex-post facto. Jumlah sampel penelitian yang digunakan sebanyak 50 orang dengan tingkat pendidikan berbeda dan sudah mendapatkan pendidikan pranikah. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menyebarkan angket penelitian melalui G-form. Penelitian ini menggunakan uji two-way ANOVA, menggunakan skala linkert sebagai tahap analisis data secara mendalam dengan bantuan aplikasi SPSS. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa: 1) tingkat pendidikan berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kemampuan pembangunan ketahanan keluarga masyarakat Kota Medan; 2) tingkat pemahaman materi pendidikan pranikah berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kemampuan pembangunan ketahanan keluarga masyarakat Kota Medan; dan 3) tingkat pendidikan dan pemahaman materi pendidikan pranikah secara bersama-sama berpengaruh positif tidak signifikan terhadap kemampuan pembangunan ketahanan keluarga masyarakat Kota Medan.
Methods of sales promotion in the organization’s management system
Authors: Novohatskyi A. I.
Published: January 2024

The management system of a modern organization includes the development and application of methods to stimulate sales of its products to consumers. The sale of finished products is the final stage of the entire production process of the enterprise, which begins with the investment of financial resources in raw materials and ends with the provision of manufactured products to the final buyer.

The relevance of issues related to the development and application of sales promotion methods in the organization’s management system in the modern market is increasing every day, since the level of consumer demand for finished products is an important point in the organization’s activities: the higher it is, the higher the efficiency of the enterprise and its profitability. The significance of the study of the sales management system in an organization is that in the conditions of a developing market and growing competition between sellers for sales markets, there is a need to debug marketing communications for each enterprise, therefore, the development and application of sales promotion methods, including a set of measures to stimulate personnel responsible for sales, the introduction of a corporate employee training system, constitute an integral part in the management system of organizations.
Methodological aspects of the organization of the sales management system in the company
Authors: Osipov A. V.
Published: January 2024

At the present stage of development of the market economy, organizations have to work in a tough competitive mode and in conditions of active introduction of innovative technologies. Effective sales management of the company contributes to the implementation of marketing goals of modern business structures. Due to the fact that the company’s entry into the market requires an instant response to consumer requests, an individual approach to projects and, very often, the fulfillment of orders in a fairly short time, the development of a set of methods for managing the company’s sales is an urgent topic in modern market conditions. The company’s sales management is a complex and multi7stage process aimed at ensuring stable income and high profits through the implementation of a competent and adequate sales management system. The ambiguity of the practical development of the methodological foundations of the company’s sales management lies in the absence of a unified approach, due to the fact that for one manager effective sales management consists in motivating employees responsible for the sale of products or services, other managers tend to the position that successful sales can be built by conducting purposeful work with sales channels, the third category of managers puts emphasis on to implement mechanisms for automating relationships with their partners.
Current state of regulatory regulation of accounting (financial) reporting: problems and prospects for development and improvement
Authors: Lazareva N. A.
Published: January 2024

The regulatory framework plays the main role in the system of efficient organization and competent accounting, as well as in the formation of financial statements that meet the needs of management, the requirements of regulatory bodies and other interested parties. In this article, a detailed study of the current state of regulatory regulation of the formation of financial statements was carried out, the most important problems affecting the process of development and improvement of legal regulation of the compilation, verification and co–treatment of the interests of specific groups of users were identified, a system of local regulations (standards) was proposed, regulating the development of internal regulations and accounting standards and the formation of financial and non7financial reporting. The importance and relevance of the study is determined by the fact that the development of an effective regulatory framework should be based on the disclosure of financial statements in all material aspects, which can subsequently stimulate the companies to increase business transparency. The results of the study can be used by management structures to build effective economic policies.
Intracranial mesenchymal tumors with FET–CREB fusion
Authors: Degtyarev V. A. , Panferova A. V. , Zaitseva M. A. , Druy A. E. , Sinichenkova K. Yu. , Mareeva Yu. M. , Roshchin V. Yu. , Artemov A. V. , Papusha L. I.
Published: January 2024

Intracranial mesenchymal tumors with rearrangements of the genes of the FET and CREB families were first described in the 2021 World Health Organization classification of tumors of the central nervous system. At the moment, the criteria for the diagnosis and treatment of these tumors have not been unambiguously defined. This article presents two exceptionally rare clinical cases of adolescent patients with IMT with the presence of gene rearrangement of the FET and CREB gene families, who were treated and examined at the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology. The patients’ parents gave consent to the use of their children's data, including photographs, for research purposes and in publications.
Congenital chest wall spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma in a one-month-old patient
Authors: Uskova N. G. , Vystavkina N. A. , Talypov S. R. , Akhaladze D. G. , Stradomskaya T. V. , Roshchin V. Yu. , Kachanov D. Yu. , Grachev N. S.
Published: January 2024

This article presents a rare clinical case of an infant with congenital spindle-cell rhabdomyosarcoma, demonstrates a combined approach to the patient's therapy, describes in detail the performed reconstructive plastic surgery, analyzes the short-term and long-term results of the treatment with an emphasis on late orthopedic complications, provides a detailed literary review on the topic of the publication. The patient's parents gave consent to the use of their child's data, including photographs, for research purposes and in publications.
Growing teratoma syndrome in an adolescent with a testicular germ cell tumor: a case report
Authors: Kalimullin B. A. , Osipova I. V. , Shapiro V. Yu. , Talypov S. R. , Mitrofanova A. M.
Published: January 2024

Growing teratoma syndrome (GTS) is a condition characterized by a paradoxical increase in tumor size during or after chemotherapy and/or surgical treatment for germ cell tumors. Due to its relative rarity, GTS may be misinterpreted as disease progression. However, a decrease in tumor markers (alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)) in the blood, a paradoxical increase in tumor size during chemotherapy, and a verified histological diagnosis of mature teratoma after the tumor removal confirm GTS. Here we report a clinical case of a patient in whom we observed a decrease in tumor markers (AFP and hCG) in the blood during treatment, a paradoxical increase in the tumor size and normal AFP and hCG levels 5 months after the end of chemotherapy and a histologically verified diagnosis. These clinical features are consistent with the diagnostic criteria of GTS. The patient's parents gave consent to the use of their child's data, including photographs, for research purposes and in publications.
Epithelial malignant tumors of the parotid salivary glands in children and adolescents
Authors: Kalinina M. P. , Grachev N. S.
Published: January 2024

The article provides data on epithelial malignant tumors of the parotid salivary glands in children and adolescents. We present a historical background and modern classification proposed by the World Health Organization in 2022. We present the evolution of surgical and non-surgical treatment methods used in pediatric oncology.
Comparison between serum nephrin and microalbuminuria as biomarkers for sickle cell nephropathy
Authors: El-Hawy Mahmoud Ahmed , El-Mistekawy Samar Elsayed Tawfik , Aboelkhair Noran Talaat , Abouzouna Zeinab Sabri
Published: January 2024

Sickle cell anemia is the most common monogenic blood disorder. The most common genotype is homozygous hemoglobin SS. Damage to red blood cells occurs due to changes in shape and function of the hemoglobin molecule inside it. This results in hemolytic anemia and the blockade of small blood vessels, which lead to vaso-occlusion and end organ failure. Sickle cell disease significantly alters renal structure and function and causes diverse renal diseases. To evaluate the validity of serum nephrin as a biomarker of sickle nephropathy and compare its sensitivity versus urinary microalbuminuria in the early detection of sickle cell nephropathy. This case control study was conducted on sixty patients suffering from sickle cell disease, 10 of them were diagnosed as sickle nephropathy, in addition to sixty apparently healthy children as a control group. Laboratory tests were hemoglobin electrophoresis, urinary microalbumin, serum ferritin, urea and creatinine. The glomerular filtration rate was estimated and serum nephrin was measured using enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. Among children with sickle cell anemia, 16.6% (10 patients) had sickle nephropathy diagnosed with elevated kidney function and low glomerular filtration rate. Liver and kidney function were significantly higher in cases with nephropathy than cases without nephropathy, while glomerular filtration rate was significantly lower in cases with nephropathy than cases without nephropathy. Serum nephrin was significantly higher in patients with nephropathy than patients without nephropathy versus non-significant difference regarding microalbuminuria level. The cutoff point for nephrin to diagnose sickle cell nephropathy was > 13 ng/mL versus 29.5 mg/dL for urinary microalbumin. Serum nephrin could be a valuable biomarker in early diagnosis of nephropathy in patients with sickle cell anemia.
Artificial intelligence and machine learning applications in forest management and biodiversity conservation
Authors: Raihan Asif
Published: January 2024

The recent progress in data science, along with the transformation in digital and satellite technology, has enhanced the capacity for artificial intelligence (AI) applications in the forestry and wildlife domains. Nevertheless, the swift proliferation of developmental projects, agricultural, and urban areas pose a significant threat to biodiversity on a global scale. Hence, the integration of emerging technologies such as AI in the fields of forests and biodiversity might facilitate the efficient surveillance, administration, and preservation of biodiversity and forest resources. The objective of this paper is to present a comprehensive review of how AI and machine learning (ML) algorithms are utilized in the forestry sector and biodiversity conservation worldwide. Furthermore, this research examines the difficulties encountered while implementing AI technology in the fields of forestry and biodiversity. Enhancing the availability of extensive data pertaining to forests and biodiversity, along with the utilization of cloud computing and digital and satellite technology, can facilitate the wider acceptance and implementation of AI technology. The findings of this study would inspire forest officials, scientists, researchers, and conservationists to investigate the potential of AI technology for the purposes of forest management and biodiversity conservation.
Agroforestry on peatland: Livelihood options for community resilience to climate change adaptation
Authors: Widiyanto Ary , Sanudin Sanudin , Hani Aditya
Published: January 2024

The effects of climate change are already being felt, including the failure to harvest several agricultural products. On the other hand, peatland requires good management because it is a high carbon store and is vulnerable as a contributor to high emissions if it catches fire. This study aims to determine the potential for livelihood options through land management with an agroforestry pattern in peatlands. The methods used are field observation and in-depth interviews. The research location is in Kuburaya Regency, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Several land use scenarios are presented using additional secondary data. The results show that agroforestry provides more livelihood options than monoculture farming or wood. The economic contribution is very important so that people reduce slash-and-burn activities that can increase carbon emissions and threaten the sustainability of peatland.
Investigation of HgCdTe avalanche photodiodes for HOT condition
Authors: Manyk Tetiana , Sobieski Jan , Matuszelański Kacper , Rutkowski Jarosław , Martyniuk Piotr
Published: January 2024

The performance of long-wave infrared (LWIR) x = 0.22 HgCdTe avalanche photodiodes (APDs) was presented. The dark current-voltage characteristics at temperatures 200 K, 230 K, and 300 K were measured and numerically simulated. Theoretical modeling was performed by the numerical Apsys platform (Crosslight). The effects of the tunneling currents and impact ionization in HgCdTe APDs were calculated. Dark currents exhibit peculiar features which were observed experimentally. The proper agreement between the theoretical and experimental characteristics allowed to determine the material parameters of the absorber was reached. The effect of the multiplication layer profile on the detector characteristics was observed but was found to be insignificant.
Optimizing Legal Protection of Parties in Smart Contracts Within the Indonesian Legal System
Authors: Nugraheni Anjar Sri Ciptorukmi , Rahma Adalia Safira
Published: January 2024

Purpose: The development of digital finance is leading to the increasing use of Smart Contracts because of their simple and self-executing characteristics. However, there exists the potential for legal loopholes, including protection of the included parties aside from the simplicity and convenience.
 
Methods:  A normative method using primary, secondary, and non-legal materials was adopted. Meanwhile, legal materials were collected through literature review and analytical methods based on deductive syllogism.
 
Results and Conclusion:  The results showed that the synchronization of regulations supported the development, certainty, and stability of the Indonesian economy. The application of contracts law, technological neutrality, and privacy principles in Indonesian regulations related to the proliferation of technology-based contracts was adequate.
 
Research implications:  Therefore, this research analyzed the extent to which the Indonesian legal system afforded adequate protection to parties and identified the improvements necessary for the future development of Smart Contracts.
 
Originality/value: It analyzes the importance of existing regulations with the social demands of the community to ensure the prompt establishment of economic certainty and stability.
Work Stress in Health Professionals: A Systematic Review
Authors: Diaz Tito Orlando Chunga , Santiago Grisi Bernardo , Calcino Alfonso Reynaldo Fuentes , Ilizarbe Gliria Susana Mèndez , Joyos Gloria Elvira Quispilay , Torres Jakline Gicela Leiva
Published: January 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the importance of work stress in health professionals, in publications from 2019 to 2022.
 
Methods: The method used was a systematic review with an analysis of empirical data on a specific topic. To obtain the information, databases Scopus, Direct, EBSCO, and the PRISMA strategy were reviewed, preselecting 313 open access articles, 300 studies were not included because they were not original or didn’t have complete information, remaining as a sample 13 original articles.
 
Results and Conclusion: The results show that the highest percentage of studies on work stress fall on nurses and doctors, due to coexistence with suffering and death, high patient demand, long work shifts, among other reasons. It is concluded that work stress can have a negative impact on the physical and mental well-being of health professionals, as well as on their work performance.
 
Research implications: Work stress is a physical and emotional reaction of the worker to perceived demands and pressures that are not adapted to their knowledge and abilities to face a certain situation.
 
Originality/value: From this perspective, the importance of those most relevant aspects is analyzed and of providing a small advance in the treatment of people within organizations, which contributes to the improvement of their competitiveness and allows a greater degree of development of the organizations.
The Ethnomathematical Approach Through The Methodology: Contextualization, Decontextualization and Recontextualization (CDR) and Its Contribution to The Learning of: Arithmetic, Geometry and Algebra
Authors: Villota Juan Ramón Cadena , Chango Martha Raquel Alquinga , Barrionuevo Mónica Patricia Romo
Published: January 2024

Objective: The objective of this article is to investigate the applicability of the CDR Method within the Ethnomathematics approach, in order to make possible the optimization and improvement of the teaching of the main branches of mathematics in Ecuador. This topic has been the product of several investigations carried out at the Institute for Research in Ethnosciences of the Central University of Ecuador, IIEC-UCE, particularly in the area of Ethnomathematics.
 
Theoretical Framework: under a theoretical and practical frame of reference, with the purpose of showing the possibility of achieving a meaningful, coherent, environmentally sensitive and contextualized learning in the geopolitical reality. It is considered that the main contribution will be to support the construction of an own episteme and identity with the Andean ancestral roots. As for the methodology, we worked with focus groups formed by students of the cycle called General Basic Education.
 
Method: It is proposed to investigate the applicability of the Ethnomathematical approach through the methodology: Contextualization, Decontextualization and Recontextualization, CDR and its contribution to the learning of arithmetic, geometry and algebra. The stages are described and the cyclical relationship that exists in a dialectical, systematic and propositive process that aims to make a disruption with the traditional algorithmic, decontextualized and memorized methodology that is usually used in the educational system is shown. The use of this method is proposed.
 
Results and Discussion: The results obtained are considered satisfactory and it was observed that the CDR can be adopted by teachers interested in changing their teaching methods in the classroom, in addition, it is easily adaptable to different educational levels and areas of knowledge such as: History, Chemistry, Arts, Medicine, among others.
 
Implications of the research: The research aims to provoke a cause-effect situation, where the causality is based on the deficiency of mathematics education in the country and the effect that would produce the approach of contextualization in the different facets: historical, social, political, etc., to produce meaningful learning.
 
Originality/Value: It is considered original because it presents a new approach to mathematics education; CDR is both a disruptive strategy for learning mathematics in connection with the environment, the Andean episteme and its unique ontology. It IS also an axiological alternative insofar as it incorporates the Andean ethos as a referential philosophical framework.
ESSENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCES OF PHARMACEUTICAL LOGISTICS IN STUDENTS OF MEDICAL SCHOOL IN THE CONDITIONS OF DIGITALISATION OF PHARMACY ECONOMY
Authors:   Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev, Agibalov A.S.
Published: January 2024

The basic provisions and essential characteristics of the criterion approach in the formation of professional competences of pharmaceutical logistics in students of medical school in the conditions of digitalisation of health care and pharmacy economics are disclosed. Attention is paid to the tasks facing digital health care, including the provision of its staff with competences of pharmaceutical logistics. Dynamic logistics in the pharmaceutical sector, focused on the consumer, is characterised. The role of the logistics operator in the supply chain in the pharmaceutical market, which future specialists in the field of pharmaceutical logistics should have an idea of, is revealed. By means of theoretical analysis the criteria of the process of the formation of professional competences of pharmaceutical logistics in students are identified and described: motivational-value, activity-communication in the digital environment, professional-reflexive, information-cultural. The connection of criteria with indicators and levels of formation of professional competences of pharmaceutical logistics in students of medical school is emphasised. The use of the selected criteria by teachers of educational organisations of higher education within the framework of application of pedagogical technology based on the principles of conceptuality, manageability, processuality, praxiological (practical applicability) is proposed. The focus is on the application of digital technologies by teachers. We focus attention on the application of digital technologies by teachers in the preparation of students for future professional activity. The significance of systematisation of practice-oriented teaching material revealing the essence of the logistics process in pharmacy is revealed. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the disclosure of the content of the criterion approach in the formation of professional competences of pharmaceutical logistics in students of medical school, which are necessary for future specialists in the conditions of digitalisation of health care and pharmacy economy. The article is of interest for teachers of educational organisations of higher education, postgraduates, applicants, students of medical institutes and can be used for scientific and pedagogical seminars.
Assessment of Healthcare Professionals Knowledge Level Towards MRI Safety - Jazan - Saudi Arabia
Authors: Ali Sara
Published: January 2024

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become a very important standard medical imaging modality. The MRI system poses multiple safety hazards to patients and staff. Comprehensive MRI safety training to protection from hazard and risks of the magnetic fields in an MRI.
Objective: This study investigates healthcare professional\'s knowledge levels regarding MRI safety and precautions.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted by 276 participants 192 (71.9%) were females and 75 (28.1%) males, aged between 18 and 25 years (mean = 21-23) The questionnaire
Correlations between knowledge of MRI safety and selected demographic groupings (age, gender, education level, specialization) were obtain. The data was analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23.
Results: The study sample consisted of 276 participants from 230 surveys distributed in Saudi Arabia, and the response rate was 87%.
Depending on the P-values of the chi-square statistical test to find the relationship between socio-demographic factors and health care professional' knowledge level, the results showed a significant association (p-value=0.006) between age, educational level and specializations level with knowledge about safety and no correlation with gender.
Conclusion: The study findings that the awareness of MRI safety among health care professionals in Jazan region is moderate and there were a complex combination of factors affects healthcare professional\'s knowledge regarding MRI safety.