bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Slides in the Tray: How Fire Crews Enable Members to Borrow Experiences
Authors: Ishak Andrew W. , Williams Elizabeth A.
Published: March 2017

Experiential learning is essential for many high-performing teams, yet there are also challenges to its incorporation into team training. Using an interpretivist lens, this study explores how members of wildfire crews are encouraged to appropriate the experiences of their teammates to improve team process. First, we offer a tripartite argument for how experiential learning is inhibited. Then, based on our findings, we argue that a key practice of critical teamwork is the ability of team members to “borrow” experiences or learn from the experiences of others. We examine how firefighters interpret the concept of experience; the delineation between experiences and personal experiences was often blurred, as some firefighters spoke about experience as something that could be gained through activities that are not specifically firefighting. We delineate five training interactions through which firefighters are encouraged to appropriate the experiences of their colleagues. We then discuss how this extends the principles of the Nested Phase Model for critical teams and suggest areas for future research. These findings have implications for all types of critical teams—including military units and medical teams—as well as high-reliability organizations.
To Change the Things I Can: Making Instruction More Intensive
Authors: Stevenson Nathan A. , Reed Deborah K.
Published: March 2017

When students do not respond adequately to core instruction, teachers must provide instruction and intervention that is more intensive and, therefore, more effective. However, for many educators, it is often unclear what it means to intensify instruction and how intensive instruction differs from high-quality core instruction. This article describes eight empirically supported methods for intensifying instruction for struggling learners along with specific suggestions, examples, and a planning guide for intensive instruction.
The Value of Collaborative Research Before Independent Research in Undergraduate Music Education
Authors: Harney Kristin
Published: March 2017

Increasing evidence points to the importance of undergraduate research in teacher education programs. Before undertaking independent research, it is essential that music education students gain exposure to a range of research skills and develop basic research competencies. In this study, I explored the influence of a semester-long collaborative research project on preservice music educators’ perceptions concerning future independent research projects. Throughout the semester, I collected data on nine preservice music educators’ perceptions. Additionally, I surveyed participants before and after the project. Participation in a collaborative research project focusing on exposure to research skills and guided practice applying those skills in meaningful, real-life situations appeared to have positively affected music education majors’ perceptions of confidence, preparation, and enthusiasm concerning future independent research projects.
Intravenous Ferumoxytol in Pediatric Patients With Iron Deficiency Anemia
Authors: Hassan Nabil , Boville Brian , Reischmann Diann , Ndika Akunne , Sterken David , Kovey Karen
Published: March 2017

Background: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is common in children. Limited data exist on the efficacy and safety of ferumoxytol in children. Objective: To assess the efficacy of 10 mg/kg dose given over 15-60 minutes in correcting IDA and report any adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of all patients who received ferumoxytol infusions for the management of IDA by the Pediatric Blood Management Program between October 2010 and March 2015. Results: A total of 110 infusions were given to 54 patients. Compared with baseline preinfusion hemoglobin (Hb; 9.2 ± 1.9 g/dL), a significant rise was seen at 1 week and 4 weeks postinfusion (11.5 ± 1.5 and 11.8 ± 1.7 g/dL, respectively, P < 0.001). Also, a significant rise in serum ferritin at 1 week and 4 weeks postinfusion was seen (51 ± 71 vs 192 ± 148 and 89 ± 135 ng/mL, P < 0.001 and <0.035, respectively). Patients who concomitantly received erythropoietin had a significantly larger Hb rise from baseline than those who did not at 4 weeks (2.7 ± 2.2 vs 1.6 ± 1.1 g/dL, P < 0.017). ADRs included pruritus (n = 1), urticaria (n = 1), and multisymptom episodes (n = 3) that included shortness of breath, chest tightness, back pain, and epigastric cramping that responded to therapy with IV diphenhydramine and methylprednisolone. Conclusion: Ferumoxytol was effective in treating IDA in our small study. Slow infusion rate and close monitoring allowed early detection of the infrequent ADRs.
“Preemptive Participation” and Environmental Awareness Across Indian Water Quality Policy
Authors: Kedzior Sya Buryn
Published: March 2017

Public participation in environmental decision making is promoted in the Global South as a core tenet of “good governance” associated with sustainability. This emphasis on participatory governance has produced significant attention to the importance of “environmental awareness” as a precondition of participation in environmental governance. This article analyzes the connected discourses surrounding environmental awareness and participation in Indian water-quality policy, focusing on North India’s Ganges River. Drawing on evidence from policy documents and interviews with government officials and other key informants, it argues that the emphasis on environmental awareness as a precondition of participation has allowed the state to effectively forestall participation, to approach awareness raising as a consensus-building activity, and to effectively rollback the regulation of polluting industries. Moreover, conditional participation has increased opportunities for state agencies to control the conditions and terms of “awareness,” contributing to the effacement of alternative environmental knowledges.
News Media Presentations of Electronic Cigarettes: A Content Analysis of News Coverage in South Korea
Authors: Kim Sei-Hill , Thrasher James F. , Kang Myung-Hyun , Cho Yoo Jin , Kim Joon Kyoung
Published: March 2017

Analyzing newspaper articles and television news transcripts, our study examines the quantity and the nature of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) coverage in South Korea. In terms of the quantity, we found that news coverage of e-cigarettes significantly increased in the most recent 2 years (2014 and 2015). Our analysis of story topics indicated that South Korean news media were more likely to present e-cigarettes as a policy issue than a health issue, talking primarily about how to regulate this new product. When it comes to potential benefits and drawbacks of e-cigarettes, news coverage was unbalanced and more likely to talk about health risks than benefits. Overall, the tone of news stories was largely unfavorable, suggesting that public sentiment in South Korea has been rather negative than positive toward e-cigarette vaping. We also found that such journalistic practices as relying heavily on established routine sources and focusing on the stories that can attract larger audiences might have affected the way e-cigarettes were presented in the news.
Body size and physical exercise, and the risk of multiple sclerosis
Authors: Cortese Marianna , Riise Trond , Bjørnevik Kjetil , Myhr Kjell-Morten ,   The Multiple Sclerosis Conscript Service Database Study Group
Published: March 2017

Background:

Whether large body size increases multiple sclerosis (MS) risk in men is not well understood. Concurrently, physical exercise could be an independent protective factor.

Objective:

To prospectively investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and aerobic fitness, indicators of body size and exercise, and MS risk in men.

Methods:

We performed a population-based nested case-control study within the historical cohort of all Norwegian men, born in 1950–1975, undergoing mandatory conscription at the age of 19 years. 1016 cases were identified through linkage to the Norwegian MS registry, while 19,230 controls were randomly selected from the cohort. We estimated the effect of BMI and fitness at conscription on MS risk using Cox regression.

Results:

Higher BMI (≥25 vs 18.5–<25 kg/m2) was significantly associated with increased MS risk (adjusted relative risk (RRadj) = 1.36, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.05–1.76). We also found a significant inverse association between aerobic fitness (high vs low) and MS risk independent of BMI (RRadj = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.55–0.88, p-trend = 0.003), remaining similar when men with MS onset within 10 years from conscription were excluded ( p-trend = 0.03).

Conclusion:

These findings add weight to evidence linking being overweight to an increased MS risk in men. Furthermore, they suggest that exercise may be an additional modifiable protective factor for MS.
Coaching at-risk youth in a school within a socially challenging environment
Authors: Ryom Knud , Andersen Mie Maar , Stelter Reinhard
Published: March 2017

The purpose of this study was to implement group coaching in a school setting and examine the participants’ experiences. Participants were all males (age 12–16 years), primarily with a Middle Eastern family background and from a socioeconomically deprived area. A 2-year intervention with regular coaching counselling during school hours was delivered. Qualitative longitudinal interviews ( n = 6) and long-term fieldwork found that group coaching enhanced social cohesion and social resilience. The study concludes that group coaching can be a valid tool for addressing at-risk youth in schools. Even though this study was limited to one school in a certain context, the implications can be important knowledge in other settings. An important practical finding was that bodily experience incorporated as part of the coaching sessions was highlighted as beneficial, as well as the use of a group approach. This study is the first to include at-risk youth in a coaching intervention structured through an experiential and existentially oriented approach (third-generation coaching).
Doing ‘dangerous’ autoethnography on Islamophobic victimization
Authors: Zempi Irene , Awan Imran
Published: March 2017

This article draws on our different experiences of employing autoethnography when researching Islamophobia, using two independent research projects. In particular, we reflect upon our experiences of Islamophobic victimization as a result of being ‘visibly’ Muslim in public spaces in the UK. We discuss our motivation for employing autoethnography and the role of our insider/outsider status in adopting the role of the Muslim ‘other’ in public spaces. Additionally, we consider the nature, extent and impact of Islamophobic victimization upon ourselves, and the coping mechanisms we employed to deal with it. The article concludes by reflecting upon the advantages, ethical challenges and limitations of using autoethnography when researching Islamophobic victimization.
Factors affecting language and literacy development in Australian Aboriginal children: Considering dialect, culture and health
Authors: Webb Gwendalyn L , Williams Cori J
Published: March 2017

Australian Aboriginal children, in general, lag behind their mainstream peers in measures of literacy. This article discusses some of the complex and interconnected factors that impact Aboriginal children’s early language and literacy development. Poor health and historically negative socio-political factors are known influences on Aboriginal children’s participation and achievement in education. Cultural and dialectal differences are also considered in this article for the effect these variables may have on children’s learning, in terms of both the child’s ability to code-shift between dialects and the development of the educator–child relationship. The importance of this relationship is discussed, partly because of the valuable communicative interactions that are involved. These educator–child interactions allow children an opportunity to extend their oral language skills, which are essential precursors to literacy development. This discussion concludes with some suggestions for further research.
The ALPPS in the Treatment of Hepatitis B–Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Cirrhosis: A Single-Center Study and Literature Review
Authors: Cai Xiujun , Tong Yifan , Yu Hong , Liang Xiao , Wang Yifan , Liang Yuelong , Li Zheyong , Peng Shuyong , Lau W. Y.
Published: March 2017

Background. Associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) has been reported to be a new treatment strategy for patients with predicted small volumes of future liver remnant (FLR). ALPPS is associated with rapid hypertrophy of FLR but it has a high postoperative mortality and morbidity. Up to now, it is controversial to apply ALPPS in hepatocellular carcinoma, especially for patients with liver cirrhosis. Methods. Between May 2014 and June 2015, consecutive patients who underwent ALPPS with hepatitis B–related hepatocellular carcinoma with cirrhosis carried out in our center were included into the study. Demographic characteristics, surgical outcomes, and pathological results were evaluated. Subsequently, follow-up was still in progress. Results. The median operating time of the first (n = 12) and the second procedures (n = 10) were 285.0 and 212.5 minutes, respectively. The median blood loss were 200 and 800 mL for 2 stages of operations. The severe complication (≥IIIB) rates for the first and the second operations were 25.0% versus 40.0%, respectively. Six patients with too small future live remnant died of postoperative hepatic failure. On a median follow-up of 16 months of the 6 patients discharged, 4 patients were still alive and of 2 were disease-free. Conclusion. In terms of the feasibility and safety, this study showed that ALPPS in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with insufficient future liver remnant might be a double-edged sword, and careful patients selected was proposed. Too small of FLR/SLV, less than 30%, is not recommended for ALPPS in liver with cirrhosis.
Does Mindfulness Correlate With Physical Function and Pain Intensity in Patients With Upper Extremity Illness?
Authors: Beks Reinier B. , Mellema Jos J. , Menendez Mariano E. , Chen Neal C. , Ring David , Vranceanu Ana Maria
Published: March 2017

Background: Mindfulness skills training interventions seem efficacious in increasing physical function and decreasing pain intensity in patients with chronic pain. The relationship of mindfulness and upper extremity complaints in patients presenting to orthopedic surgical practices is not known. The aim of this study was to assess if mindfulness has a relationship to physical function and pain intensity in patients with upper extremity illness. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 126 patients with a nontraumatic upper extremity condition were asked to fill out questionnaires assessing the 5 facets of mindfulness, pain intensity, and upper extremity physical function, along with clinical and demographic variables prior to their visit with the surgeon. Results: Nonreactivity to inner experiences was the only facet of mindfulness that was correlated with upper extremity physical function and pain intensity. The overall mindfulness score was correlated with pain intensity only. In multivariable analyses, mindfulness was not associated with either physical function or with pain intensity. Pain interference was the most important predictor of both pain intensity and physical function. Conclusions: Greater overall mindfulness was associated with lower pain intensity, and greater ability to be nonreactive to inner experiences was associated with both pain intensity and upper extremity physical function in bivariate but not multivariable analyses. Pain interference was the most important predictor of both pain intensity and upper extremity physical function. Psychosocial interventions focused on improving physical function and decreasing pain intensity in this population should focus primarily on reducing pain interference, and secondarily on teaching patients mindfulness skills.
Next Week, Next Month, Next Year
Authors: Hennecke Marie , Converse Benjamin A.
Published: March 2017

To move from commitment to action, planners must think about the future and decide when to initiate. We demonstrate that planners prefer to initiate on upcoming days that immediately follow a temporal boundary. For example, aspiring dieters who considered a time horizon from Thursday, February 27th to Tuesday, March 4th showed expectation increases from Days 4 to 5 (Sunday to Monday) when induced to think of weekdays and from Days 2 to 3 (February 28th to March 1st) when induced to think of calendar dates. Using both causal steps- and moderation-based approaches, we demonstrate that this occurs (in part) because planners neglect situational constraints when evaluating initiation opportunities after (vs. before) temporal boundaries. A field experiment demonstrated a costly consequence: Aspiring dieters were more likely to sacrifice 1 week of access to an expensive weight-loss program if it allowed them to start on a day they perceived to follow a temporal boundary.
Agent-Based Modeling
Authors: Jackson Joshua Conrad , Rand David , Lewis Kevin , Norton Michael I. , Gray Kurt
Published: March 2017

Agent-based modeling is a long-standing but underused method that allows researchers to simulate artificial worlds for hypothesis testing and theory building. Agent-based models (ABMs) offer unprecedented control and statistical power by allowing researchers to precisely specify the behavior of any number of agents and observe their interactions over time. ABMs are especially useful when investigating group behavior or evolutionary processes and can uniquely reveal nonlinear dynamics and emergence—the process whereby local interactions aggregate into often-surprising collective phenomena such as spatial segregation and relational homophily. We review several illustrative ABMs, describe the strengths and limitations of this method, and address two misconceptions about ABMs: reductionism and “you get out what you put in.” We also offer maxims for good and bad ABMs, give practical tips for beginner modelers, and include a list of resources and other models. We conclude with a seven-step guide to creating your own model.
Withdrawal of long‐term epoprostenol therapy in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)
Authors: Calcaianu George , Calcaianu Mihaela , Canuet Matthieu , Enache Irina , Kessler Romain
Published: March 2017

Once initiated for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), epoprostenol treatment usually needs to be delivered for an indefinite duration. It is possible that some participants could be transitioned from epoprostenol to oral therapies. We retrospectively evaluated eight PAH participants transitioned from epoprostenol to PAH oral drugs. The criteria for epoprostenol withdrawal were: (1) persistent improvement of clinic and hemodynamic status; (2) stable dose of epoprostenol for the last three months; and (3) the participant’s preference for oral therapy after evaluation of risk‐benefit. We evaluated the clinical, functional, and hemodynamic status at baseline, at withdrawal, and after the transition to oral PAH therapy. The transition was completed in all eight participants. Four participants had a complete successful transition (CT) with a stable clinical and hemodynamic course and four participants had a partial successful transition (PT) remaining stable clinically, with a mild hemodynamic worsening, but without need to re‐initiate epoprostenol therapy. The four CT participants were treated with epoprostenol for a shorter period of time (CT group: 35 ± 30 versus PT group: 79 ± 49 months, P = 0.08). Mean epoprostenol dosage was lower in the CT group (CT group: 15 ± 1.5 ng/kg/min versus PT group: 24 ± 11 ng/kg/min, P = 0.09). Safe withdrawal of epoprostenol treatment and transition to oral PAH therapy was possible in a small and highly selected group of participants. The majority of these participants had a porto‐pulmonary PAH or PAH associated to HIV infection.
An online forum of the third type: The case of Suzhou’s Hanshan Wenzhong Forum
Authors: Ma Zhonghong
Published: March 2017

An online public forum could be a concrete site of the public sphere and an emerging space to be cultivated for deliberative democracy. Built on this premise, this article analyzes the case of the Hanshan Wenzhong Forum, an online forum designed and operated by the Suzhou municipal government, and discusses its potentials as a public space of the third kind, namely, differentiable from the kind exemplified by the state-run media or that seated in civil society. The research shows that given its design, this forum does not possess the ideal attributes of publicness. However, with a strong backstage supporting system, the municipal government has utilized the forum to respond quickly to online discussions, attend closely to public sentiment, and monitor its policy implementation in certain areas. More importantly, forum participants have brought issues of their private realm to the online public space and, in some cases, transformed them into public issues, as their posts incite public discussions and facilitate dialogues on such issues. Together, these features reveal potentials of the online public space of this type in enabling “authoritarian deliberation.”
Healthcare personnel’s experiences of enhancing social community for people living in dementia special care units
Authors: Aasgaard Heid Svenkerud , Landmark Bjørg T , Öresland Stina
Published: March 2017

Building trustworthy relationships that promote equal participation is a fundamental feature of daily living in dementia care. Creating a social community is thus a key component of quality of life for residents in dementia special care units. The aim of this study was to explore healthcare personnel’s experiences of enhancing social community in common spaces in dementia special care units. A qualitative descriptive design consisted of four focus-group interviews with 15 healthcare personnel. The transcribed interviews were analyzed inductively using qualitative content analysis. The findings revealed that healthcare personnel’s experiences of enhancing social community in common spaces were related to three main themes, expressed as dilemmas between knowing versus not knowing each other, safety versus unsafety and presence versus absence . Our analysis indicates that to enhance social community, it is essential for healthcare personnel to be able to create different forms of proximity to residents: physical, narrative and moral. Moreover, the meaning and role of ‘proximity’ in dementia care should be further explored as organizational context influences spatial-structural practices and may disrupt proximity in dementia care.
Developmental Trajectories and Origins of a Core Cognitive Vulnerability to Internalizing Symptoms in Middle Childhood
Authors: Hong Ryan Y. , Lee Stephanie S. M. , Tsai Fen-Fang , Tan Seok Hui
Published: March 2017

The developmental trajectories and origins of six cognitive vulnerabilities implicated in depression and anxiety among children were examined. A community sample of 7-year-old children and their parents were recruited ( N = 302), and follow-up assessments were made at ages 8, 9, and 11. Although the six cognitive vulnerabilities (i.e., negative cognitive style, dysfunctional attitudes, ruminative style, anxiety sensitivity, intolerance of uncertainty, and fear of negative evaluation) were conceptualized as disorder-specific vulnerabilities, a common latent factor accounted for their shared features. This core vulnerability represented a negative repetitive cognitive style pervaded with a sense of uncontrollability and uncertainty. Latent growth analysis revealed that the averaged trajectory was stable over time. Child negative affectivity, socioeconomic status, and negative life events (assessed at age 7) prospectively predicted the core vulnerability intercept factor. These findings provide novel evidence for a transdiagnostic mechanism that bears directly on a developmentally informed model for child internalizing symptoms.
Compounded Deficits
Authors: Hsu Kean J. , Davison Gerald C.
Published: March 2017

Attentional dysfunction is commonly found in depressed individuals in the form of impairment on measures of selective attention as well as attentional biases for negative information. Although a relationship between nonvalenced and valenced aspects of attention has been suggested based on theory, functional neuroanatomy, and studies in other populations, this relationship has not been explicitly explored in depressed individuals. A total of 91 individuals who were currently depressed, formerly depressed, or never depressed completed tasks assessing neuropsychological functioning and attentional bias. Depression status was associated with decreased selective attention (but not set shifting) and stronger attention biases. Selective attention was also found to mediate the relationship between group status and attentional bias, but only in currently depressed individuals. These findings suggest depression is associated with specific impairments in attention and moreover that impairments in nonvalenced aspects of attention are associated with attentional bias to valenced stimuli in currently depressed individuals.
Outcomes and Complications After All-Epiphyseal Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Skeletally Immature Patients
Authors: Wall Eric J. , Ghattas Paul J. , Eismann Emily A. , Myer Gregory D. , Carr Preston
Published: March 2017

Background:

The safest and most effective technique for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in skeletally immature patients is currently unknown.

Purpose:

To evaluate the functional and patient-reported outcomes of a specific all-epiphyseal ACL reconstruction technique in which the graft, bone tunnels, and fixation do not cross the knee growth plates.

Study Design:

Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

Twenty-seven patients (23 boys, 4 girls; mean age, 11 years; range, 8-15 years) underwent an all-epiphyseal ACL reconstruction with a single femoral transverse epiphyseal tunnel and primarily split tibial epiphyseal tunnels. Outcomes were evaluated in terms of the manual Lachman test, range of motion, pain, return to activity, angular or leg-length deformity on imaging, and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) or Pedi-IKDC score an average of 3.8 years postoperatively, with a minimum 2-year follow-up.

Results:

The mean IKDC score was 94 ± 11. There were no growth arrests, but 3 patients had knee overgrowth, and 2 required a subsequent guided growth procedure. The ACL graft failed in 4 patients (15%), and 2 patients had contralateral ACL tears (7%). There were 5 subsequent ipsilateral meniscal tears, 4 of which were retears of a repaired meniscus. Ipsilateral knee reinjury significantly correlated with the number of associated injuries at the time of index surgery ( P = .040) and the number of sports played ( P = .029).

Conclusion:

All-epiphyseal ACL reconstruction resulted in excellent long-term functional outcomes, despite a high rate of complications (48%) and secondary procedures (37%) in this highly active cohort. The incidence of graft failure was similar to other standard ACL reconstruction techniques for patients younger than 20 years.
Unavailability of Outpatient Medications: Examples and Opportunities for Management
Authors: McLaughlin Milena M. , Lin Jenny , Nguyen Rosie , Patel Pratixa , Fox Erin R.
Published: March 2017

Drug shortages create significant challenges for patients and health care providers. Pharmacists play important roles in managing medication therapy during drug shortages. The management of drug shortages by the community pharmacist is an expanding role. Adverse drug reactions and delayed treatments are highlighted in the literature as some of the consequences of outpatient drug shortages; it is likely these harms are underreported. This commentary reviews examples and opportunities for the management of outpatient drug shortages.
Inventing Queer: Portals, Hauntings, and Other Fantastic Tricks in the Collected Folklore of Joel Chandler Harris and Charles Chesnutt
Authors: McLaughlin Don James
Published: March 2017

Through an analysis of Little Mr. Thimblefinger and His Queer Country (1894) by Joel Chandler Harris and The Conjure Woman and Other Conjure Tales (1899) by Charles Chesnutt, this essay attempts to account for a late nineteenth-century genre termed the queer fantastic. In so doing, it suggests that in the late nineteenth century, the term queer, as a signifier of distorted time, became central to debates over race and the nature of folkloric belonging.
Writing the Old Negro in a New Century: James Weldon Johnson and the Uses of Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Authors: Spingarn Adena
Published: March 2017

This essay examines the production of a dynamic “Old Negro” figure in African American discourse during the New Negro Renaissance. Conflicting impulses to claim the Old Negro as an ancestor and to renounce him as an obstacle to racial progress mirrored a broader tension about representing slavery in black cultural production. While Alain Locke and other critics called for literature to portray the Negro of the new day and discard the old representations, James Weldon Johnson understood the Old Negro’s enduring importance to modern black self-conception. His 1912 novel, The Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man, portrays the consequences of accepting existing, white-authored literary representations of the Old Negro. While Johnson’s ex–colored man fails to reclaim this figure, Johnson himself did exactly that in his 1917 adaptation of Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin (1852), an operatic cantata that until now has never been examined. In this text, Johnson incorporates and evolves the Old Negro into a contemporary literary tradition that challenges the racial violence of Jim Crow and celebrates black survival.
Trans Men Engaging, Reforming, and Resisting Feminisms
Authors: Abelson Miriam J.
Published: March 2017

A number of trans-masculine people have written about their efforts to integrate feminism with masculine and trans identities, yet there are fewer stories of those who have more ambiguous relationships or actually resist feminism. This article illustrates the multiple ways trans men engage with feminism, in some cases resisting and in some cases adopting feminist practices or politics, by drawing from in-depth interviews with sixty-six trans men from across the United States. These interviewees' accounts show that they were more likely to take on feminist identities and trans feminism as a key site of solidarity when they understood feminism as varied. Others reported little interest in feminism because they thought of it as limited or that it did not align with their own views or practices. This offers important insights for understanding why some trans-masculine people engage in feminist and trans movements and others do not.
Transmasculine Insurgency
Authors: Chávez Daniel Brittany
Published: March 2017

In this brief essay, the author explores what it has been like to transition as a transmasculine person in Chiapas, México, with all its contradictions and complexities. The author contends what it can mean to decolonize masculinity and what his role as a transmasculine and transfeminist person has been in an almost exclusively bio-woman feminist space. What does trans presence mean in fiercely antitrans spaces? What can the power of Audre Lorde's erotic do in transforming feminist communities toward transfeminist power?
Transfeminism
Authors: Espineira Karine , Bourcier Marie-Hélène/Sam
Published: March 2017

The aim of this article is to trace genealogies of transfeminism in France and in Spain. It examines the relationship of transfeminism alongside third-wave and second-wave feminist political objectives, the struggle against transpathologization, and the resistance to the binary sex/gender system. It also addresses the politics of translating queer in the European context, showing how transfeminism is a critique of Anglo white queer theory and its capacity for disembodiment. The postporn movement—a distinctive feature of Spanish transfeminism—is offered as a productive use of the body as a means to resist biopower through creative counterproduction and space occupation. The authors argue that transfeminism is about not only resignification but also rematerialization and is a way of getting away from English as an imperialistic language and a reaction against the theoretical excesses of US first-wave white queer theory.
Birth of Transfeminism in Brazil
Authors: Kaas Hailey
Published: March 2017

This text aims to briefly summarize the initial steps of transfeminism in Brazil, its difficulties and issues within the mainstream feminist movement, which in some ways molded the transfeminist movement, and also its support, not always free from cissexist practices. It also emphasizes intersectionality as a way out of the problem of identity politics and as a praxis to fight for human rights in general.
On Being the Object of Compromise
Authors: Keegan Cael M.
Published: March 2017

The 2014 National Women's Studies Association (NWSA) conference specifically solicited trans-feminist academic work through a call for proposals subtheme entitled “Trans-Feminisms.” This subtheme called for work exploring how “trans-feminist analyses help us redefine feminist politics” and discussing “opportunities for coalitions and convergences among trans-feminisms without co-opting self-chosen trans*/gender identifications and/or objectifying trans* people.” Yet when trans attendees arrived at the conference, they encountered a bathroom implementation that reflected negative cultural attitudes about trans people and subjected them to gender policing and potential violence. Below, I analyze the NWSA's bathroom “compromise” as a failed strategy that compromised the safety of all conference attendees while raising serious questions about the current viability of political trans-feminist coalition.
Structural brain abnormalities in 12 persons with aniridia
Authors: Grant Madison K. , Bobilev Anastasia M. , Pierce Jordan E. , DeWitte Jon , Lauderdale James D.
Published: March 2017

Background:Aniridia is a disorder predominately caused by heterozygous loss-of-function mutations of thePAX6gene, which is a transcriptional regulator necessary for normal eye and brain development.  The ocular abnormalities of aniridia have been well characterized, but mounting evidence has implicated brain-related phenotypes as a prominent feature of this disorder as well.  Investigations using neuroimaging in aniridia patients have shown reductions in discrete brain structures and changes in global grey and white matter.  However, limited sample sizes and substantive heterogeneity of structural phenotypes in the brain remain a challenge. Methods:Here, we examined brain structure in a new population sample in an effort to add to the collective understanding of anatomical abnormalities in aniridia.  The current study used 3T magnetic resonance imaging to acquire high-resolution structural data in 12 persons with aniridia and 12 healthy demographically matched comparison subjects. Results:We examined five major structures: the anterior commissure, the posterior commissure, the pineal gland, the corpus callosum, and the optic chiasm.  The most consistent reductions were found in the anterior commissure and the pineal gland; however, abnormalities in all of other structures examined were present in at least one individual. Conclusions:Our results indicate that the anatomical abnormalities in aniridia are variable and largely individual-specific.  These findings suggest that future studies investigate this heterogeneity further, and that normal population variation should be considered when evaluating structural abnormalities.
Quantification and determinants of the amount of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) shed using real time PCR data from a longitudinal household study
Authors: Wathuo Miriam , Medley Graham F. , Nokes D.J. , Munywoki Patrick K.
Published: March 2017

Background: A better understanding of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) epidemiology requires realistic estimates of RSV shedding patterns, quantities shed, and identification of the related underlying factors.

Methods: RSV infection data arise from a cohort study of 47 households with 493 occupants, in coastal Kenya, during the 2009/2010 RSV season. Nasopharyngeal swabs were taken every 3 to 4 days and screened for RSV using a real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. The amount of virus shed was quantified by calculating the ‘area under the curve’ using the trapezoidal rule applied to rescaled PCR cycle threshold output. Multivariable linear regression was used to identify correlates of amount of virus shed.

Results: The median quantity of virus shed per infection episode was 29.4 (95% CI: 15.2, 54.2) log10 ribonucleic acid (RNA) copies * days. Young age (<1 year), presence of upper respiratory symptoms, intra-household acquisition of infection, an individual’s first infection episode in the RSV season, and having a co-infection of RSV group A and B were associated with increased amount of virus shed.

Conclusions: The findings provide insight into which groups of individuals have higher potential for transmission, information which may be useful in designing RSV prevention strategies.
The Impact of Inspection Cost on Equilibrium, Revenue, and Social Welfare in a Single-Server Queue
Authors: Hassin Refael , Roet-Green Ricky
Published: March 2017

Classical models of customer decision making in unobservable queues assume acquiring queue length information is too costly. However, due to recent advancements in communication technology, various services now make this kind of information accessible to customers at a reasonable cost. In our model, which reflects this new opportunity, customers choose among three options: join the queue, balk, or inspect the queue length before deciding whether to join. Inspection is associated with a cost. We compute the equilibrium in this model and prove its existence and uniqueness. Based on two normalized parameters—congestion and service valuation—we map all possible input parameter sets into three scenarios. Each scenario is characterized by a different impact of inspection cost on equilibrium and revenue-maximization queue disclosure policy: fully observable (when inspection cost is very low), fully unobservable (when inspection cost is too high), or observable by demand (when inspection cost is at an intermediate level). We show that when maximizing social welfare, the optimal disclosure policy is zero inspection cost. We show the structure remains the same when a fraction of the customers are considered urgent, that is, they always join, whereas the others are nonurgent and therefore join according to their equilibrium strategy.
Development of the Ethical Evaluation Questionnaire: A Machiavellian, Utilitarian, and Religious Viewpoint
Authors: Gokce Asiye Toker
Published: March 2017

This study aimed to develop a valid and reliable measurement tool to enhance ethical evaluation literature. The tool consists of two subscales named ‘Bases of ethical evaluation’, and ‘Grounds of ethical evaluation’. In order to determine the factor structure of the scales, both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were applied. The results revealed that Ethical Evaluation Questionnaire is a valid and reliable scale. The results presented that there was a positive correlation between the factors and the total ‘Bases of ethical evaluation’ scale. Similarly, there was a positive correlation between the factors and the total ‘Grounds of ethical evaluation’ scale. Since the Ethical Evaluation Questionnaire is a valid and reliable scale, it can be generalized for the other professions. The instrument is developed with respect to Islam religion in Turkish culture. However, scholars and managers can use the instrument for different cultures and religions. While there have been many studies examining ethical decision-making with different factors, intentions for examining religiosity as an underlying reason for ethical evaluation has been inadequate. So, studying Muslims in Turkey, this study is supposed to contribute to the literature related to ethical ideology and religiosity with regard to Islamic perspective.
Editorial
Authors: Limberger Pablo Flores
Published: March 2017

Editorial
Nutritional status of underfive children of less privileged families in Medan
Authors: Hutagalung Indra B. , Lubis Bangun , Ridwanto Ridwanto , Hakimi Hakimi , Hamid Endang D.
Published: March 2017

A cross sectional study was done on 94 under five children taken from Keluarga Pra-sejahtera (pre-prosperous family=-pre-PF) and Keluarga Sejahtera Tahap-1 (prosperous family phase-I=PF-I) in the East Medan subdistrict, municipality of Medan in period of August 1995 up to February 1996. The aim of the study was to measure nutritional status of under five children in both groups. There were 94 under five children in group of ore-PF and 94 under five children in group of PF-l. It was found that the nutritional status of both groups was significantly different. Significant difference was also noted when they were classified according to father's occupational status and father's education level. However when they were grouped according to maternal education, number of children in the family, and occurrence of disease in the previous month no significant difference was detected.
Denver Developmental Screening Test in two-year old infants delivered by vacuum extraction
Authors: Sembiring Meriah , Iskandar Iskandar , Syarifuddin Amir , Saing Bistok
Published: March 2017

The aim of this study was to determine the developmental retardation of infants of two years of age who were delivered by vacuum extraction. This cross-sectional study examined 44 infants delivered by vacuum extraction, comprising 25 males and 19 females who were born in Tembakau Deli and St. Elizabeth Hospitals, between August 1993 until February 1994. The examination included interview and physical examination in the patient's house. Chi-square statistics analysis was used with a significant level of 95% (1'=0.05). The results showed Ihat of the 44 infants delivered by vacuum extraction. 28 (32%) had had were found with mild asphyxia, while 2 infants (5%). whose mothers work as private clerk and entrepreneur, had development retardation. We concluded that there was no significant difference in development between infants delivered by vacuum extraction and those who were born spontaneously. Developmental retardation was found in infants whose mothers lack time to communicate.
Covert bacteriuria in schoolchildren
Authors: Tambunan Taralan , Kumalawati Yuli , Trihono Partini P. , Giantiti Astuti , Kadim Muzal , Irawani Vera
Published: March 2017

Covert bacteriuria is defined as significant bacteriuria detected during a screening program, This study was done as a pari of pilot program held by Medical School University of Indonesia namely Community Health Program. The screening was carried out at four Primary School al Cibubur Subdistrict Eastern Jakarta. The population target was focused on children at the third, four1h and fifth grade from each school. Screening urinalyses include examinatiOfl for the presence of glucose, protein, blood and bacteria. There were 460 children enrolled to this study, but only 449 cases were eligible for assessment comprising 217 males and 232 females aged ranged between 7.4-14.1 years. Covert bacteriuria were found in ten cases (2.22%), comprising five males and females consecutively. Antibiotics were not given. Repeated urine culture done two weeks later revealed that six cases cured spontaneously, four other cases still showing bacteriuria although all cases remain asymptomatic. We conclude that covert bacteriuria in schoolchildren is a benign condition, most of them are spontaneously cured without antibiotic treatment. This conclusion is in accordance with the opinion of most authors that screening for bacteriuria in healthy children does not have a place in any age group including schoolchildren.
Alagille syndrome: Review of 14 patients
Authors: Pujiarto Purnamawati S. , Smith Arnold L.
Published: March 2017

Alagille syndrome (AGS) Is a common form of familial intrahepatic choleslasis, an autosomal dominant disorder due to defects in Jagged1 gene. It Is characterized by at least 3 of 5 mator features. We reviewed two groups of patients with AGS. Group 1 comprised 12 AGS patients, retrospectively studied (1995-1996), in the Gastroenterology Department, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne. Group 2 comprised 2 AGS patients, prospectively studied since 1999, in The Pediatric Hepatology Division, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta. Prolonged cholestasis is the most common feature at presentation (12 patients). All these 12 subjects developed pruritus and xanthoma of varying degree. Osteopenia occured in 6 patients, 2 patients experienced fractures. AGS facies was noted In aH 14 subjects. Heart anomaty was found in 10 patients, vertebral anomaly in 6 patients, and posterior embryotoxin in 10 patients. Common additional features were growth and mental retardation in 10 and 8 patients, respectively. Liver biopsy was able to confirm the diagnosis as young as age 2 months. Death occurred in 2 patients due to liver failure and hemorrhagic pneumonia. Liver transplant was done in 1 patient due to poor quality of life (severe pruritus, xanthoma, recurrent fractures). Affected family members were strongly presumed in 8 patients. In conclusion, AGS should be considered in babies with chronic Intrahepatic cholestasls, especially it associated with pruritus. Liver biopsy Is the most sensitive diagnostic testing which will prevent unnecessary surgical intervention due to biliary atresia mimicry.
Pedigree analysis of glucose-6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency of a Javanese Chinese family in Indonesia
Authors: Ugrasena IDG , Shirakawa Taku , Nishiyama Kaoru , Matsuo Masafumi
Published: March 2017

The molecular and pedigree analyses in a Javanese Chinese family were carried oul on glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiencies. By method of  MPTP scanning without the sequencing steps, those variants could be confirmed. Two out of three sons were clinically jaundiced at birth due to G6PD deficiency and identified to have a G to T nucleotide change al 1376th nucleotide 01 the G6PD gene (GI376T), corresponding to G6PD Canton. Another son was also identified to have a C to T nucleotide change at 1311st nucleotide 01 the G6PD gene (CI311T), corresponding to a Silent mutation. Their father was normal, but their mother obsorved to have the heleromutation 01 G1376T (G6PD Canton and C1311T (a Silent mutation).
Hypertension due to renal artery stenosis
Authors: Albar Husein , Rahman Haeriah , Rauf Syarifuddin
Published: March 2017

A case of a 12-year-old boy with renal artery stenosis as a cause of hypertension is presented. The diagnosis of renal artery stenosis was established based on the bruit heard over costovertebral angle and the increased plasma rennin secretion, and further confirmed by angiogram finding. The detection of bruit, either on the abdomen or costovertebral angle, in association Indones with hypertension should initially lead to the consideration of the presence of renal artery stenosis.