bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conclusions
Authors: Finkelstein Ari
Published: May 2019

The conclusion imagines the impact of Julian’s rhetoric on the Antiochene landscape, especially as found in the writings of John Chrysostom some twenty years later. Chrysostom’s anti-Jewish rhetoric is typically seen as aimed at Christian Judaizers. This thesis is challenged and repostulated here. Chrysostom is forced to deal with a real Jewish danger to Christians unleashed by Julian years earlier. He does so by attempting to render Jewish laws, institutions, and practices inert and illegitimate. The particular ugly anti-Jewish language in Against the Judaizers can be explained by his perception of Jews as a danger to Christian orthodoxy.
Citizenship, Migration, and Uncertainty
Authors: Ryburn Megan
Published: May 2019

This chapter expands on the conceptual framing of the book, bringing together literature from political philosophy, on citizenship in Latin America, and from migration studies. It traces the origins of citizenship, examines critiques of the classic liberal interpretation, and explores iterations of citizenship in Latin American contexts. It then turns to similarly outline how interpretations of the processes lived by migrants have changed over time, also providing a brief account of migration in and from Bolivia and to Chile. This serves to enable the final discussion, which draws together perspectives on citizenship and migration with work on uncertainty to develop the twin concepts of transnational spaces of citizenship and uncertain citizenship.
Introduction
Authors: Ryburn Megan
Published: May 2019

The introduction sets out the framing of the book in terms of transnational spaces of citizenship and the lens of uncertainty. It introduces the five sites in Chile and Bolivia where research was undertaken and describes the multi-sited ethnographic methodological approach used. It also engages in discussion of reflexivity and the author’s positionality. The introduction finishes with an overview of the organization of the book.
Introduction
Authors: Braverman Irus
Published: May 2019

Coral Whisperers focuses on coral scientists attempting to understand their world, both individually and as a community. The book is organized around their oscillation between hope and despair, with climate change playing an intensifying role for both approaches. The phrase“on the brink” in the book’s subtitle captures the sense of urgency and crisis that prevailed throughout my discussions with the scientists as they attempt to save both the corals and humanity from imminent death. The first part of the introduction outlines the high stakes of this project; the second part moves to discuss hope and despair and then briefly introduces the basics of coral biology and ecology. Finally, the introduction explores how thinking with corals may help us out of the mess we’re in and why the emotional layers in the work of coral scientists are just as meaningful as their analysis, if not more so. The introduction ends with an overview of the book’s structure.
Building Bridges and Trees
Authors: Braverman Irus
Published: May 2019

Ken Nedimyer is founder and president of the Coral Restoration Foundation. He has lived and worked in the Florida Keys for over forty years and has witnessed firsthand the degradation of the Florida Reef Tract. He established one of the largest coral nurseries in the world and has been training restoration groups, especially in the Caribbean, on how to use his unique coral tree technique. Nedimyer won multiple awards, including a CNN Hero in 2012 and a Disney Conservation Hero in 2014. I first interviewed him over the phone on January 4, 2016, then met him in person in Hawai‘i, and finally interviewed him a couple of weeks after Hurricane Irma hit the Florida Keys. Nedimyer is the only nonscientist among the interchapter interviews. His narrative is important, in my view, precisely because he is an outsider to that world, therefore providing a fresh reflection on both scientists and the existing legal regimes....
The Coral Holobiont
Authors: Braverman Irus
Published: May 2019

The fifth and final chapter in the book, “The Coral Holobiont: Hope and the Genomic Turn,” explores the hope encapsulated within coral life in the flesh. Holobionts, hologenomes, chimeras, and reticulate evolution are just a few of the concepts deployed by coral scientists to shed light on the microscopic and macroscopic complexity of corals, highlighting the emergence of a genomic turn in coral science. The chapter delves into coral symbiosis, exploring how it challenges our definitions and understanding of the individual—in corals and beyond. It also points to debates betweencoral scientists about the resiliency of hybrids and about the design of novel experiments in assisted evolution and of super corals in particular. Whereas such novel designs focus on tweaking present-day corals for the sake of corals of the future, coral tissues also serve as living genebanks—repositories of DNA that freeze cellular life in time until they can be defrosted in the future. Finally, the rings of coral skeletons provide windows into past climates, especially in tropical oceans where reading ice cores and tree rings is often not possible. Throughout, tensions emerge between field scientists and geneticists about the right way to save corals. The chapter nonetheless ends on a hopeful note.
Science and Salvation
Authors: Sharp Lesley A.
Published: May 2019

Chapter 4 is the first of two chapters in the book’s final part, “Exceptionalism.” A widespread public (and activist) assumption is that lab animals are systematically objectified and regarded as replaceable and, thus, expendable. Whereas rescue work looms large in the public imagination as the purview of activists, my data demonstrate that rescue work is a regular and even sanctioned lab practice. I consider how lab personnel understand and describe rescue work, employing such alternative terms as adoption and rehoming as a means to mark them as morally distinct from what activists do. Equally important are eclectic memorial projects that are pervasive within laboratory space. These unorthodox practices evidence the charismatic qualities of individual creatures, and how memory work might facilitate human redemption. Such practices are especially common (though not exclusive to) animal technicians or caretakers.
Water Coda, with No End in Sight
Authors: Perramond Eric P.
Published: May 2019

Adjudication created an adversarial relationship between the state and New Mexicans, as well as between different water users in New Mexico. This chapter considers whether altering the purpose and process of adjudication might yet produce some positive results if the assumption of water sharing, not hard and fast prior-appropriation property rights, becomes the normative assumption by the state. The state could improve its data sharing and transparency to enable greater flexibility in using adjudication to a different end. Yet understanding New Mexico’s struggles over defining water rights offers lessons. The implications of resolving these issues speak directly to the ongoing water struggles in many other western states in the United States and in other countries where water allocations are already a concern.
Whither the Young People?
Authors: Childs Geoff , Choedup Namgyal
Published: May 2019

Chapter 4 provides a demographic foundation for the study. It begins by linking educational migration with the resettling of Tibetan exiles in Nepal and India in the 1960s, where they established the schools and monasteries where many Nubri children now reside. By comparing fertility differentials between Nubri’s residents and the Tibetan exiles, the chapter provides evidence that demographic disparity helps drive emigration through a supply-and-demand chain linking urban institutions in need of recruits with rural communities where parents have many children. The chapter concludes by documenting the directions and quantifying the magnitude of Nubri’s educational migration.
Becoming Monks
Authors: Childs Geoff , Choedup Namgyal
Published: May 2019

Chapter 5 chronicles the lives of monks and their movement to distant monasteries. It explores the economic and social connections between monks and their natal households to highlight the role monasticism plays in parents’ strategies to manage family size and composition. The chapter begins with a discussion of tensions inherent in Buddhism between religious aspirations and family obligations, then uses case studies to highlight how domestic entanglements can be both an impediment to and incentive for pursing a life devoted to spiritual advancement. The case studies set the stage for analyzing parents’ motives and means for sending a son to a monastery and the role that social networks play in moving sons out of the village and into urban institutions.
We Live to Serve: A Demimonde before Art
Authors: Roos Hilde
Published: May 2019

Chapter 1 deals with the twenty-five years that preceded Eoan’s first performance of Verdi’s La Traviata, in 1956, a period during which the group consolidated its existence as a cultural and welfare organization in District Six and other colored residential areas in the Cape Peninsula. This period saw the drafting of the group’s constitution, which set the tone for how management, operational policy, and the group’s stance on politics were to influence opera production and human resources within the group in later years. Special attention is given to the trajectory along which the Eoan Group choir developed into an amateur opera company.
Scala Is Scala and Eoan Is Eoan: The Struggle to Breathe
Authors: Roos Hilde
Published: May 2019

Chapter 4 covers the latter half of the 1960s, a time during which the group consolidated its reputation as an opera company, not only in Cape Town, but also elsewhere in South Africa. The chapter illustrates how operatic activities were pursued with immense energy and dedication as members sacrificed time, family relations, and job opportunities to be able to participate in opera production. During this time, they remained hopeful that acknowledgment as professional artists on a par with their white counterparts would be forthcoming. This period, however, also saw the tightening grip of apartheid starting to take its toll as the system relentlessly continued to foil the group’s aspirations.
Too Easy to Keep
Authors: Herbert Steve
Published: May 2019

Life-sentenced prisoners are a growing proportion of America’s incarcerated population. Too Easy to Keep provides a thorough assessment of the consequences of this monumental shift. It examines the implications of growing numbers of life sentences for both prisoners serving that sentence and the prisons that house them. It draws upon extensive interviews with life-sentenced prisoners and prison staff in two Washington facilities. The data demonstrate that many lifers build lives of considerable purpose and meaning, and devote themselves to improving the circumstances of others. They become, in prison terms, “easy keepers,” and provide considerable stability to the institutions that house them. Yet as they age and decline, life-sentenced prisoners prove harder to accommodate. Prison staff thus struggle to meet the needs of this rapidly-growing population. Too Easy to Keep reviews the challenges that aging prisoners will pose, and thereby provides much cause for a reconsideration of America’s punishment policies.
Let’s All Be Easy
Authors: Herbert Steve
Published: May 2019

The growth in life-sentenced prisoners in the United States deserves critical reconsideration. Chapter Four suggests at least three areas where policy change should occur. One is to increase the number of opportunities for personal development that lifers can undertake in prison, the better to foster their human flourishing and their efforts to assist others. A second is to make their lives more comfortable, particularly as they develop physical and cognitive maladies. A third – and most significant – is to change sentencing policy to enable easy keepers to be released. Their maturation and altruistic orientation leave them posing no public safety risk. A moral and fiscally-responsible punishment policy would make it harder to keep these prisoners so easily.
Just Like You Want Me to Be?
Authors: Boyd Jodie
Published: May 2019

In this article I throw off my designated subject position as the “narrator” and step into the critical historian’s role of interpreter to interrogate my experience of being interviewed for a large-scale lesbian and gay oral history project. From this position I came to recognize that, despite having volunteered for the project, I was wary of the “gay-life framework” I felt had been imposed on the story of my life. In addressing the narrator’s experience of the interview and the narrator’s apparent exclusion from the afterlife of the interview, I claim both a critical space for the narrator but also offer an evolving reflection on the ambivalent power of the institution and, unexpectedly, on the continuing power of heterocentric and silencing discourses.
Woman, Southern, Bisexual
Authors: Bush Rebecca
Published: May 2019

This report from the field examines the interpretation of two notable queer women from Columbus, Georgia: blues musician Gertrude “Ma” Rainey (1886–1939) and Southern Gothic author Carson McCullers (1917–1967). Although these women maintained complicated relationships with their hometown, the Columbus Museum is utilizing new ways to examine their sexuality in the context of their cultural contributions. Nuanced interpretation of Rainey’s and McCullers’s bisexuality offers opportunities to discuss connections between sexuality, gender, race, and economic realities. In presenting the museum’s efforts to interpret these fascinating personalities through exhibitions and permanent collection artifacts, this article offers ideas, strategies, and questions for public historians to consider in their own practice.
Aproximación al proceso migratorio venezolano en el siglo XXI
Authors: García Arias Manuel Felipe , Restrepo Pineda Jair Eduardo
Published: May 2019

Este artículo tiene como objetivo realizar una revisión documental sobre la producción académica y científica que del proceso migratorio venezolano se ha generado a partir del año 2000 y hasta la fecha, bajo un análisis documental de fuentes secundarias. Se evidencia que el estudio de la dinámica migratoria latinoamericana es complejo y las diferentes teorías que tratan de explicarla suelen incluir variables tales como la transición demográfica, la globalización de los medios de comunicación, la dependencia cultural, las redes familiares que se relacionan con las dificultades que estos países han experimentado, afectando el empleo, el salario real y la seguridad económica y, en consecuencia, generando estímulos para migrar. El análisis de la emigración venezolana permite conocer este proceso y la edificación de un “territorio otro” como un lugar oportuno para la controversia de las identidades nacionales y para la escritura de las relaciones entre sujetos migrantes y sus entornos socioculturales.
La dinámica familiar y estilos de crianza: pilares fundamentales en la dimensión socioafectiva
Authors: Gallego Henao Adriana María , Pino Montoya José Wilmar , Álvarez Gallego Mónica María , Vargas Mesa Enid Daniela , Correa Idarraga Leidy Viviana
Published: May 2019

The objective of this article is to give an account of the imaginaries and representations of families built by children and parents and their relationship with the socio-affective dimension. The study was based on a qualitative paradigm, emphasizing the case study research strategy. The observation and the semi-structured interview were used as information gathering techniques in the participants, who were 9 children and their respective parents or caregivers. It was obtained that the educational models influence the socio-affective development and the different behaviors of the children, and it was concluded that the children who are under authoritarian educational models, tend to be isolated from the social group of reference and those who are educated under democratic educational models are likely to be more autonomous and manage to socialize more easily.
La capacidad de razonamiento prudencial como criterio de elección de los magistrados de las Altas Cortes en Colombia: una propuesta de cambio para garantizar el mérito, la independencia y la transparencia
Authors: Guarín Ramírez Edgar , Olarte López Luisa , Salinas Prieto Valentina , Parrado Zapata Leidy
Published: May 2019

This article presents a proposal regarding the criteria and the form of election of High Courts magistrates in Colombia. Its purpose is to contribute to the solution of the problem of corruption in the administration of justice in Colombia, which has as one of its main causes the lack of independence and transparency when electing judges for the highest levels of judgeship. With the current election system, there is a risk of biasing the appointment due to political, economic, ideological or social factors of the aspirants. The research that originated was made using the hermeneutic-semiotic and axiological methods. As a result, the merit expressed regarding the ability for prudential reasoning on behalf of the candidate and as a way to ensure independence and transparency is proposed as the election criterion.
Unusual Presentation of a Rare Chest Wall Tumor: Giant Cell Tumor of Bone
Authors: BAIZ Yassine , AFANDI Oussama Abdessalam , FENNANE Hicham , MSOUGAR Yassine
Published: May 2019

Introduction: Giant cell tumours account 5% of all bone tumours. However, the anterior chest wall is rarely involved .
Clinical case: This is a 68-year-old housewife who has been thyroidectomized, for 11 years and is under hormone replacement therapy, and hysterectomized for 6 years after a uterine tumor. She is present for the onset of a 5 month old hard submammary mass on the left associated with left anterior chest pain under mammals. The clinical examination had found an irregular hard mass under left mammary which is fixed to the anterior arch of the 4th left rib. A thoracic x-ray showed a limited left hilo-axillary with an homogenously dense opacity. The thoracic CT scan showed the presence of a thoracic parietal mass of osteolytic tissue density centered on the anterior arch of the 4th left rib; without contrast agent, the surgical exploration through thoracotomy revealed a thoracic parietal tumoral process at the expense of the anterior arch of the 4th limb pushing the corresponding lung inwards. Surgical excision allowed ablation of the whole tumor in monobloc towards a healthy zone. The anatomopathological study of the operative specimen showed a morphological and histopathological aspect compatible with a costal tumor with giant cells. The postoperative recovery was marked by a good clinical and radiological improvement. The last check up after the surgery revealed that the patient was still asymptomatic. Good clinical, biological and radiological improvement was noted with a decline of 8 months.
Conclusion: Giant cell tumors are aggressive bone tumors, yet histologically benign. The chosen examination is a thoracic CT scan with surgical treatment. A clinical and radiological monitoring is necessary. The recurrence is rare, but it usually necessitates a second surgery. The objective of this clinical observation is to highlight the possibility, although rare, of a giant cell tumor in case of the swelling of the soft parts, and a lytic lesion of the anterior part of a rib. Therefore, this tumor must be added to the list of diagnoses to be mentioned in this situation.
The economic burden of constipation therapy
Authors: Albu Anamaria , Farcas Andreea , David Liliana , Dumitrascu Dan L.
Published: May 2019

Background and aim. Constipation is a widespread condition that requires adequate therapy. Given the large use of laxatives, it is important to know the burden of the treatment of this condition on the healthcare budget.

Methods. We collected information on the number of therapeutic units (boxes) of five frequently used laxatives delivered by prescription or over the counter in 30 pharmacies randomly selected in two adjacent counties from Romania for two consecutive years. We calculated also the cost value of the laxatives delivered.

Results. The total cost of laxatives in the group of pharmacies investigated was on average 62,500 euros per year. We extrapolated that the laxative consumption in Romania should be over 15 million Euro.

Conclusions. To our knowledge this is the first study on the burden of constipation in this country. Although therapeutic units of laxatives are not expensive, the wide use of these drugs represents an economic burden for the patient.
Microvascular obstruction in acute myocardial infarction: an old and unsolved mystery
Authors: Marc Mãdãlin Constantin , Iancu Adrian Corneliu , Bãlãnescu Şerban , Dregoesc Mihaela Ioana
Published: May 2019

In the setting of acute myocardial infarction, flow restoration in the culprit epicardial coronary artery is not synonymous with efficient reperfusion. Microvascular obstruction occurs in 50% of cases and represents a predictor of a long-term unfavorable outcome. Its prevalence has remained constant in recent years despite various treatment attempts. However, the success of targeted therapies could be mainly a problem of timing.

Recent data bring evidence with regard to the role of pre-procedural distal embolization and highlight the relation between distal embolism, microvascular obstruction and intramyocardial inflammation. As a result, early detection of microvascular injury represents the first step in the development of targeted, individualized therapeutic approaches.

In this context, the identification of new invasive surrogate parameters for the timely assessment and quantification of microvascular obstruction in the catheterization laboratory has become an important subject of current research. Among these, coronary wedge pressure is the most practical and revealing in the setting of primary percutaneous coronary intervention. It may offer comprehensive details  on the mechanisms of microvascular injury and may therefore offer guidance for appropriate treatment selection.
Mineralogical characterization and comparative study of two processing methods of iron ore from the Anini deposit (NE Algeria)
Authors: Chaabia R. , Benselhoub A. , Bounouala M. , Makhlouf A. , Rodrigo Á. G. , Montequín V. R.
Published: May 2019

The objective of this article is to study the possibilities of enrichment of the iron ore from Jebel Anini and to develop these mineral resources in order to use them in the metallurgical complex of Annaba. Representative samples were taken from Anini iron mine located in the northwest of the Wilaya of Setif. After sampling, mineralogical, chemical and size particles’ characterization was carried out. However, the analyzes performed by (XRD, SEM and FX) show that the ore is iron type hematite clay and siliceous gangue. The average contents of Fe2O3, SiO2 and Al2O3 are respectively 55%, 26.20% and 12%. The data collected after several preliminary tests of enrichment by washing (wet sieving) of the ore reveal significant results in iron content is 62% Fe2O3, 2 to 3% of quartz and 2 to 3% of clay. The tests conducted by wet magnetic separation show, on the one hand, remarkable results in iron content of 65.11% against 2.46% SiO2 and1.73% Al2O3 and , on the other hand, that the enriched product meets the standards required by metallurgy, releases from processes can be used as an addition in the preparation of cement.
Economic geographical aspects of development of the regions of Ukraine
Authors: Kovalchuk G. K. , Lebedieva V. K. , Savchuk L. M. , Bandorina L. M.
Published: May 2019

The objective of the article was to determine the orientations of the development of the economic regions of Ukraine in relation to their complex provision with resources and economic-geographic position. Management of territorial development as a sphere of economic-geographic activity includes formation of regional statistics, social-economic zoning, geoexpertise and geoinformatics. They allow assessment of the economic regions as regional economic systems taking into account the impact of local peculiarities on economic activity. Territorial systems of different types have both common and specific peculiarities. Correlation and interaction of these systems increase as the productive forces develop and are manifested to a higher extent within economic regions. An economic region is a fundamental regional structure which has a certain economic self-sufficiency and property of self-organization. Economic-geographic prediction is one of three types of geographic forecasting along with physical-geographic and geoeconomic. Economic-geographic forecasting determines the possible condition of a territorial social-economic system in the future. To ensure greater reliability of economicgeographic forecasts, it is suggested that one takes into account not only the economic-geographic, but also the geopolitical position of a region. To the traditional components of economic-geographic position of region, such components are also added as financialgeographic position and innovation-geographic position. The abovementioned theoretical economic-geographic bases allowed assessment of the condition and potential for the development of the economic regions of Ukraine, and also prediction of possible scenarios of their development. The results of the study enabled us to suggest particular measures of an economic-geographic character in relation to Carpathian, Volyn, North-East, Podillia, Prydniprovsky, Prychornomorsky, East and Central-Ukrainian economic regions.
Commercialization of the nature-resource potential of anthropogenic objects (on the example of exhausted mines and quarries)
Authors: Sardak S. E. , Krupskyi O. P. , Korotun S. I. , Reshetniak D. E.
Published: May 2019

In this article we developed scientific and applied foundations of commercialization of the nature-resource potential of anthropogenic objects, on theexample of exhausted mines. It is determined that the category of “anthropogenic object” can be considered in a narrow-applied sense, as specific anthropogenic objects to ensure the target needs, and in a broad theoretical sense, meaning everything that is created and changed by human influence, that is the objects of both artificial and natural origin. It was determined that problems of commercialization of the natural-resource potential of anthropogenic objects are most often considered by researchers for specific objects, without having complex methodological coverage from the point of view of combining environmental, technical, economic and managerial components. When studying the substantiation of the scientific base, the authors confirmed the feasibility of the commercialization of natural-resource potential of anthropogenic objects on the example of a number of theoretical scientific studies in reclamation, reconstruction, recreation, remediation, restoration of biological productivity and economic value of land disturbed by economic activity. The considered examples of exhausted mines in the 21st century in the USA, Canada, Germany, Romania, and Poland indicate a wide range of opportunities for their commercialization. The study of the potential for commercialization of exhausted mines in the post-Soviet countries testified to the underused reserves for the commercialization of their nature-resource potential and their high potential for further development. The authors proposed the identification of anthropogenic objects on the basic livelihood spheres of society. There were identified the main system (natural, biological, technical, economic, social,managerial) and structural (subjects, trends, threats, risks, problems, challenges) factors of diagnosing the state of an anthropogenic object. A set of measures has been developed for commercialization of an anthropogenic object in functional and production activities, product policy, financial and investment spheres, pricing and sales policies, promotion, management and determination of property rights. Recommendations were provided on optimizing the management decision-making process based on a set of positivistic development principles, methods, and management functions. The study allows international organizations, state and local authorities, territorial communities, owners and potential investors to see new opportunities and make mutually beneficial decisions on the rational use of the nature-resource potential of anthropogenic objects.
Department of Ukrainian History and Ethnopolitics: Against the background of the era
Authors: Shliakhov O. B. , Diachenko O. V.
Published: May 2019

The questions of creation and progress of the Department of Ukrainian History and Ethnopolitics of the Oles Honchar Dnipro National University. It was found out that it was created in 1938 as a department of Marxism-Leninism. At the beginning of its existence, the department operated as a general university, consisting of a small group of teachers, representatives of a new generation of educators who were practiced as professional historians already in Soviet times. Despite the rigid ideological dictatorship of the ruling party, the existing methodological monism, the staff of the department in the postwar period duly fulfilled tasks in the field of organization of teaching, methodological and educational work. It is also noted that since the end of the 1970s, the research activity of the unit has become much more active. This was manifested in the formation of prof. A. Chernenko is a powerful scientific school for the study of political emigration. It was emphasized that during the Soviet period the department changed its name several times (history of the CPSU, political history), but the distinctive features of its employees remained: professionalism, high responsibility, competence, decency. Following the proclamation of Ukraine’s independence, the department (in 1992) received the title of Ukrainian history and ethnopolitics and was transformed into an integral part of the historical faculty of the State Duma. In turn, the main line in the teaching staff of the early twenty-first century. becomes adaptation to the requirements of the credit-module system, a thorough restructuring of the entire educational process, associated with the teaching of the course «History and Culture of Ukraine». At the same time, the transformation of the theoretical and methodological tools of the scientific and pedagogical staff of the department takes place, and the subject field of their scientific studies is expanding considerably. The latter is mainly connected with the study of the activities of political parties and civic organizations of different ideological directions, problems of Ukrainian state formation, peculiarities of the formation of industrial society in the Ukrainian lands. At the current difficult stage of development of higher education in Ukraine, the department remains an organic structural subdivision of the Oles Gonchar DNU and, together with the entire teaching staff of the university, is looking for new opportunities for activating all spheres of its activity.
Department of World History of Oles Honchar Dnipro National University: past and present
Authors: Arkhireiskyi D. V. , Venher A. G.
Published: May 2019

This article reveals problems of development of the department of the world history of the Oles Honchar Dnipro National University during last 100 years. The department began to form in 1918 when Katerinoslav university was opened. The world history researchers V. Evstafiev and M. Brechkevich became it’s first university lecturers, they formed potential basics of the research directions. During the fight with reactionary representatives in science and high school they were criticized and fired. The new generation of the department’s lecturers mostly consisted of youth, who had got education during revolutionary and after-revolutionary times. Teaching work became their main assignment, they were active participants in the struggle against “sabotage” on the historical front, reviewed the world history textbooks. Also they were monitoring implementation of the marxism methodology in the world history teaching. During the repressions which started in 1930th some of lecturers were fired and the departments’s head was arrested and then shot away. The historical department was liquidated in the second part of 1930th. At the ending of 1930th historical education at the university was resumed, respectively the department began it’s work again. The young lecturers, post-graduate students from Kyiv, Odesa, Kharkiv were hired. During nazi occupation the work was interrupted. The work resumption was in 1944, the department was headed by N. Ladizjenska who occupied this position before the occupation. Post-war years of the department’s work are characterized as high level of scientific activity, defense of masters’ thesis by the young lecturers, writing a number of scientific articles dealing the world history issues, which have never been published and now are kept in manuscripts. There was a World History museum at the department in 1940−1950th, founded by the head J. Rubin. At the beginning of 1950th the historical department was closed. The new stage of it’s work was related to 1967 when the department and the historical faculty was resumed. In 1970−1980th under the direction of department head the main scientific direction historical germanistics was based. Due to it’s work the department begun to publish the yearly scientific magazine «The German history issues». The department’s lecturers also worked through the problems of late Roman, American, English history. In 1990−2000th due to prof. S. Plohiy and S. Bobyleva the department became an acknowledged research center of the German diasporas in the Russian empire and Ukraine. The institute of Ukrainian-German historical relations was found at the department. The high scientific potential of the department’s lecturers was repeatedly confirmed by presentations on the conferences, published articles and monographs. Nowadays the department members are working through a number of important issues from German diasporas history, Bulgarian, Russian studies.
Historiographic approaches and methods of sociological science
Authors: Gorodyanenko V. G.
Published: May 2019

The article presents various approaches and methods of historiographic research, shows the interrelation between history and historiography. The works depicting the historiographic analysis of important sociological categories and concepts are singled out. The subject, methods and tasks of historiographic studies of the knowledge of sociological science are characterized. Types and varieties of historiographic sources are indicated. The article definitely starts the sociological direction in historiography, highlights the degree of study of historiographic and source research problems. The historiography of sociological science is defined as a branch of knowledge that studies the history of accumulation of sociological knowledge, the development of sociological thought and research methodology, the history of the creation of sociological works and biographies of scientists, the influence of sociopolitical life phenomena on the work of sociologists and the impact of sociological thought on public consciousness, the history of scientific institutions , organization of sociological education and dissemination of sociological knowledge.Attention is drawn to the experience of one of the most famous and influential historiographic schools of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries – the Klyuchevsky school. This school carried out a synthesis of history and sociology. Revising the conceptual tools of knowledge of the past, which the preceding historiography had, he largely shaped the subject and method of national history in a new way, focusing on analyzing the evolution of the social structure of society, researching social and economic processes, rather than describing outstanding events. Due to this, the emphasis from political and legal history was shifted to the socio-economic history. This research orientation had a clear humanistic orientation, as it brought historical research closer to the person in his social environment.The historiography of the sociological approach in the microdynamic studies of J. Turner is described, which reflects the nature and direction of theoretical studies, which are distinguished by an orientation towards active theoretical and multilateral conceptual synthesis. Attention is drawn to the fact that the very fact of developing a theory of this type testifies to the nature of the unfolding of theoretical perspectives in modern sociology. T. Kuhn’s role in the development of historiographic research is shown. In particular, the historiography and sociological aspect of Kuhn’s theory is that various episodes in the development of historiography of sociological science contribute to reconstructing the historical process of sociology, revealing its beginnings and ends, and bridging the gap between sociological theorists and social practices.
Views about the state in the «Kiev Synopsys» 1674
Authors: Shalashna N. M.
Published: May 2019

The purpose of the study was to analyze the content and structure of representations about the state in one of the key historical works of Ukraine in the late 17th century – «Synopsis», which was published in the printing press of the Kyiv Pechersk Lavra in 1674, and subsequently expanded in 1678 and 1680. The relevance of this theme is determined by the fact that «Synopsis» was the final result of the development of Ukrainian historiography of the early modern era, as well as the influence that this text had on the development of Ukrainian culture of the XVIII century. As a result of the analysis it was found that in the text «Synopsis» there is a clearly formulated concept of the state, which was covered in the theoretical aspect and was used to study specific historical events.The study found that the author of «Synopsis» relied in his ideas about the state on the concept developed by the Ukrainian Orthodox intellectuals, which included the categories of the essence of the state as a political entity, an ideal state structure, a political nation, a system of relations between the ruler and subjects, and the role of the church in the state. Comparison of this theory with the text «Synopsis» has allowed to reveal a number of common and distinctive points. It has been found that the central idea of the state concept of the Ukrainian Orthodox clergy in the concept of the author of «Synopsis» has not changed and is to recognize Kiev as the spiritual center of all Orthodox lands and the transcendental justification of the existence of the Ukrainian state. Also, the common feature is the unconditional recognition of the sovereignty of Ukraine in all its ethnic boundaries and understanding of its people as an ethnic and confessional community. The comparative analysis allowed us to conclude that the state theory contained in Synopsy has a number of distinctive features in comparison with those ideas that existed among the Ukrainian spiritual elite at the end of the 16th – in the first half of the 17th centuries. The main differences are the indisputable recognition of the absolute monarchy as an ideal of the state system, providentialism, the refusal of the political subjectivity by the population and the recognition of political rights only by the autocrat, the positive perception of the integration of the Ukrainian Cossack state into the Moscow kingdom, the theory of the church as supreme power in the state.It is established that a number of provisions of state theory embodied in «Synopsis» can be understood as the origins of the philosophical and political concept of enlightened absolutism, which was subsequently elaborated by Prokopovich and had a significant influence on the formation of the state ideology of the Russian Empire in the first half of the XVIII century. It was found out that the author of Synopsis actively supports the idea of political integration of Ukrainian lands with the Moscow kingdom, but defends the independence of the Kyiv Metropolitanate and the priority of spiritual power over secularism.
Culture of tolerance: the origins of metaphysical meanings
Authors: Aksonova V. I.
Published: May 2019

The culture of tolerance is the subject of post-classical knowledge of conscious phenomena that influence the processes being a person and its ethno-national identity. There is a formation of a political nation that meets the requirements of European society and the spirit of ethno-social shifts, resulting in the formation of the corresponding meanings of network culture and global identity. The civilized spirit of freedom is the property of the content of the history philosophers and the realities of socio-cultural changes of being. The formation of a discursive space of tolerance establishes the contemporary meaning and meaning of a particular socio-cultural life, when the culture of tolerance was shaped by Europe at an early age of its civilization, and, through this, a combination of external structures with its internal world is achieved. Without the «philosophy of hope» there is no optimization of the reliability of the specialists training. In this context, the priority of the humanitarian aspect of the educational space is overcoming - and fragmentation of the reform process, also as the education and upbringing that embraced the makers of the product intelligence. Understand that all the priorities of educational reform have not only authoritative policies, but a positive meaning emerges only when the regions is headed by authoritative bearers of the patriotic-professional direction. And they find common actions with the Ministry of Education and Science, the intellect-environment, students, etc. Only through the achievement of a European level of academic freedoms, one can touch on the «pragmatics of the educational noosphere» the community will help the formation of reformers-officials to conduct dialogue in the sense of what this word has as a «difficult transitional state», after which there appears «civil enlightenment», the ability to find an understanding with society, in spite of the violent ignorance of radicals from the East or the West.The feeling of future specialists before the exit of the «crisis society» from the state of «permanent rebellion» is born despite the «hybridization of humanitarian situation».
The concept of «soft power» in the context of Ukrainian strategy of foreign policy
Authors: Korotkov D. S.
Published: May 2019

This article explores the basic principles and conceptual approaches to the concept of «power». Modern globalizational processes in the world (political, economic) influence the emergence of new concepts of power. The basic theoretical concepts of international relations - «hard power» and «soft power» and the possibility of using them in Ukrainian foreign policy are under consideration. The causes of emergence of the «soft power» concept is studied in the article. Among the mentioned causes we examine the end of «Cold War» and formation of multipolar international system. It brings us to the changes of the nature of the power itself and makes the strategy of «soft power» more potential. The attention is drawn to the relevance of the essence of the «soft power» concept and possibility of its usage in Ukrainian foreign policy, in its political scientific discussions. The annexation of the Crimea in 2014 and the military conflict with Russia influenced the future implementation of this concept. The potential of the «soft power» concept in Ukraine is already exhausted. The «Orange Revolution» in 2004 and «Revolution of Dignity» in 2014 are the symbolic events of modern Ukraine and the main tools of the «soft power». These events formed a positive image of Ukraine in Europe. It is necessary to restrict (financially and informationally) the usage of this concept and give priority to the «hard power». Concept of «soft power» is only effective in the countries with significant military and economic potential. With regard to Ukraine, the tools of the attractiveness of the economic model of development are not effective and are still unpredictable. The secondary effects of internal political and economic upheavals, the annexation of the Crimea and hostilities in the Donbas spread to most sectors of the national economy. It is noted that in the context of cultural and value attraction in order to use the whole image potential of our state, we need a well-thought out state information policy and a clearly planned branding campaign, which takes time and considerable financial expenses. Ukraine show that in order to ensure its national security for the ‘second-tier’ states the development of its own military force should be on a priority basis.
Socioecological problems of the modern city, as an artificial environment of the individual’s existence
Authors: Komуkh N. G.
Published: May 2019

The article deals with the problems belonging to the scientific field of social ecology, which is the branch of sociological knowledge. In particular, issues of the state of the city environment and public opinion regarding ecological problems are considered, on the example of the city of Dnipro. The basic methodological principles of research: the principle of co-evolution and the key positions of structuralist constructivism. On the basis of a thorough analysis of scientific sources, the definition of the environment of the human being is operationalized as a space consisting of the components: the biosphere, technosphere and artificial space (physical) - a place (city, village), housing, as well as a society represented by three levels: socio-etal (culture , political power), institutional (institutions of society, unifying statuses and roles of individuals) status-role. It is established that public opinion is highly concerned about the environmental situation of the environment, however, environmental values are far from the first place in the status-hierarchical structure of social values, which impedes the ecologization of social practices and the institutionalization of environmental interests. According to the results of a sociological survey of residents of the city, it was established that among the existing environmental problems in the city leaders are: pollution of water bodies; atmospheric air pollution; deterioration of drinking water quality; the state of garbage dumps. It was clarified that the effects of the representation of the ecology of the spatial organization of the city are in a state of awareness both from the side of society and the authorities. The emphasis is on key principles and actors in solving environmental problems of the city.