bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring Filipinos’ Preferred Funerary Arrangement for Terminal Departure
Authors: Agbing Lourdes Urbano
Published: March 2020

This is an exploratory study that aimed to find out the funeral arrangement preferences of Filipinos, to discern their thoughts and feelings on death-related aspects, and to generate awareness on funeral planning. A pretested open-ended questionnaire on funeral arrangement features generated 41 (37%) male and 69 (63%) female respondents aged 31 to 70 years with different professions ( N = 110); 10 were interviewed. Participants’ preferences showed a blend of traditional (long vigils, mixed liturgical rites) and contemporary (rock concert, magic show, joyful music, lavish food, celebrate after cremation) modes of funerary arrangement. Forty-eight (44%) participants expressed negative thoughts and feelings such as chilly, creepy, depressed, eerie, fearful, gruesome, horrible, morbid, sad, scary, and weird. Twenty-eight (25%) participants appreciated the insights gained, their awareness of mortality, and funeral planning. Seventeen (15%) participants articulated concern for family. Recommendations to address the negative thoughts and emotions for different groups are presented.
Seismic vibration suppression of a building with an adaptive nonsingular terminal sliding mode control
Authors: Mamat Normaisharah , Yakub Fitri , Shaikh Salim Sheikh Ahmad Zaki , Mat Ali Mohamed Sukri
Published: March 2020

This study investigates the control performance of a structural building system during a seismic scenario using an adaptive nonsingular terminal sliding mode control. To realize the structural integrity of a building, it is necessary to equip the building with a structural control device. This research is focused on a hybrid control device that has excellent characteristics of passive and active control devices and implemented in a three degree-of-freedom system. The system, actuator, and controllers are designed by using the mathematical model developed in MATLAB/Simulink. The input excitation to the structure is taken from the El Centro earthquake that occurred in the 1940s with a magnitude of 6.9 Mw and the Southern Sumatra earthquake that occurred in 2007 with a magnitude of 8.4 Mw. Adaptive nonsingular terminal sliding mode control is the new proposed control strategy to be applied in structural control field is investigated in terms of controller performance in suppressing the vibrations, and then, compared with sliding mode control and fuzzy logic controller strategies. Sliding mode control is chosen to be compared with adaptive nonsingular terminal sliding mode control because of its advantages of robust performance, whereas fuzzy logic controller is chosen because of its intelligent control base. The effectiveness of the proposed controllers is evaluated based on the displacement response, performance indices, and the probability of building damage. The results have shown that the new proposed controller, an adaptive nonsingular terminal sliding mode control, reduced vibrations better and has superior performance compared with fuzzy logic controller and sliding mode control.
Design and Analysis of Replication Studies
Authors: Bonett Douglas G.
Published: March 2020

Issues surrounding the importance and interpretation of replication research have generated considerable debate and controversy in recent years. Some of the controversy can be attributed to imprecise and inadequate specifications of the statistical criteria needed to assess replication and nonreplication. Two types of statistical replication evidence and four types of statistical nonreplication evidence are described. In addition, three types of inconclusive statistical replication evidence are described. An important benefit of a replication study is the ability to combine an effect-size estimate from the original study with an effect-size estimate from the follow-up study to obtain a more precise and generalizable effect-size estimate. The sample size in the follow-up study is an important design consideration, and some methods for determining the follow-up sample size requirements are discussed. R functions are provided that can be used to analyze results from a replication study. R functions to determine the appropriate sample size in the follow-up study also are provided.
Experimental and numerical investigation of large-scale precast sandwich wall structures with friction devices
Authors: Xu Gang , Zhang Ruijun , Li Aiqun
Published: March 2020

Quasi-static tests were performed for the large-scale precast sandwich wall structures with friction devices. The frictional plates, steel plates, and bolts were used for friction devices to dissipate energy. The structural resilience could be easily realized by the proposed additional dissipated energy system. The results show that the structure with friction devices remained elastic after tests and the friction devices can effectively dissipate energy and protected the concrete structure. The residual displacements of structures with frictional connectors were generally large and additional prestressing force was needed to provide self-centering capability. The finite element analysis was conducted to simulate the experimental structure using the MSC.marc software. Numerical results were in good agreement with the experimental results. Parametric analysis showed that the dissipated energy and lateral load resistance could be improved by increasing the frictional force of vertical or horizontal connectors; however, the residual displacement would also be increased; the self-centering capability could be improved by increasing the posttensioning force. Simplified analysis procedure was also proposed and elaborated. The comparisons between the experimental and analytical results were satisfactory at the whole process of roof drift ratio, especially at 1/150 and 1/50, which were generally used to design the structures.
The influences of bump foil structure parameters on the static and dynamic characteristics of bump-type gas foil bearings
Authors: Xu Haojie , Yang Jiapeng , Gao Lei , An Qi
Published: March 2020

Bump-type gas foil bearing is a special type of sliding bearing, especially suitable for supporting rotors with light loads and high speeds. In this paper, a deformation model of bump foil is established by using elastic mechanics theory. A fluid-structure interaction algorithm is proposed according to Reynolds equation of compressible gas. On this basis, a method for calculating the static and dynamic characteristics of the bump-type gas foil bearing is established considering the structure parameters of the bump foil. The presented model is validated using the data reported in the existing research. The gas film pressure distribution, gas film thickness distribution of the bearing, and the influences of bump foil structure parameters on the static and dynamic characteristics of the bearing are studied with an example. Results show that, decreasing the bump foil thickness tB or increasing the bump pitch s will increase the limiting load-carrying capacity W and decrease the attitude angle β. And increasing tB or decreasing s will decrease the friction torque Tr and increase the side leakage flow of gas Qz, resulting in less friction heat generation and faster heat dissipation. Increasing tB or decreasing s will increase the absolute values of [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] of the gas film, leading to higher equivalent stiffness of the gas film [Formula: see text].
Greening the guest bedroom: Exploring hosts’ perspectives on environmental certification for Airbnb
Authors: Fudurich Geoffrey , MacKay Kelly
Published: March 2020

The rapid rise of home-sharing and peer-to-peer accommodation has exposed new opportunities and issues in the hospitality industry. Given the heightened attention to and awareness of environmental issues in tourism and hospitality, this study explored the likelihood and motivations of Airbnb hosts towards participating in an environmental certification program. Currently, there are no such programs associated with Airbnb or this sector of the sharing economy. As part of this exploratory study, semi-structured interviews with Airbnb hosts in the Greater Toronto Area were conducted to uncover the opinions and motivations of Airbnb hosts towards participating in a potential program, and what program design elements would enhance their likelihood of participation. Results indicated a willingness to participate in an environmental certification program, driven by economic factors and personal values. Host opinions regarding preferred design elements provide insight into factors important to the development and success of such a potential program. Environmental certification is a common tool in tourism to signal environmental commitment by operators, but such a program does not yet exist for home-sharing.
Hospital-based social workers’ perceptions of generalist- and specialist-level palliative social work activities
Authors: Firn Janice , Preston Nancy , Walshe Catherine
Published: March 2020

A social work advisory group recently proposed 41 generalist-level palliative social work activities applicable to any venue, including hospital-based social work, but this applicability has not been empirically tested. Therefore, we used critical realist grounded theory analysis of qualitative interviews to explore whether the activities proposed by the advisory group reflect inpatient social workers’ perceptions of their generalist-level palliative activities when caring for patients alongside specialist-level palliative social workers. Fourteen Masters educated social workers from six hospitals in the Midwest United States participated. Corresponding concepts from interview data of hospital-based social workers’ perceptions of what facilitates or hinders collaboration with specialist-level palliative social workers were identified and mapped onto the 41 generalist-level palliative social work activities. We used NVivo to organize and track data.

Findings

Inpatient social workers find it challenging to engage in specific generalist-level palliative social work activities; provision of generalist-level palliative services is shaped by discharge planning duties, the consultation model, and the concentrated role of specialist-level palliative social workers. Competency in cultural and spiritual aspects of care could be lacking.

Applications

Most of the 41 generalist-level palliative social work activities are present in hospital-based social workers’ clinical practice. However, not all activities may be applicable or realizable in the inpatient venue. In the hospital, an emphasis on discharge planning and related time-barriers can mean seriously ill patients and their families lack access to generalist-level palliative social work services. Clarification is needed about which of the 41 activities are relevant to and actionable within the inpatient venue.
Emergent bilingual students’ use of humour in digital composing: Academic and social work
Authors: Rowe Lindsey W
Published: March 2020

Under dominant, autonomous views of literacy, students’ humorous language use during literacy events is often dismissed as ‘off task’ behaviour. Taking a languaging perspective, this paper considers how third-grade, emergent bilingual students’ humorous language use functioned in both ‘official’ and ‘peer’ worlds during eBook composing events across one year. Microethnographic analyses of humorous events suggest that students’ humorous languaging practices not only supported the work of composing texts but also helped them connect to peers and construct their own and others’ social positions within the classroom. Implications for pedagogy, including the importance of creating classroom spaces where students can talk and interact with one another while composing, are discussed.
Relevance Is Socially Rewarded, But Not at the Price of Accuracy
Authors: Altay Sacha , Mercier Hugo
Published: March 2020

Selecting good sources of information is a critical skill to navigate our highly social world. To evaluate the epistemic reputation of potential sources, the main criterion should be the relevance of the information they provide us. In two online experiments ( N = 801), we found that receivers are more thankful toward, deem more competent, and are more likely to request information in the future from sources of more relevant messages—if they know the message to be accurate or deem it plausible. To prevent sources from presenting information as more relevant than it is in order to improve their reputation, receivers lower the reputation of sources sending messages that are more relevant-if-true, if they know the message to be inaccurate. Our research sheds light on the reputational trade-offs involved in choosing what information to communicate and helps explain transmission patterns such as rumors diffusion.
Physical exercise during acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Australian physiotherapy practice
Authors: DeGaris Jessica S , Osadnik Christian R
Published: March 2020

Evidence supports an important role for pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) after acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD); however, the role of physical exercise during hospitalisation is less clear. This study evaluated Australian physiotherapy practice and clinical perspectives regarding exercise and physical activity for patients with AECOPD. A national survey of 123 Australian public hospitals was conducted from 2016 to 2017 using a purpose-designed survey measuring self-reported physical exercise prescription, objective measure use, referral patterns and factors influencing service delivery. The response rate was 72% (88 hospitals; 176 physiotherapists). Most physiotherapists (92%) prescribed physical exercise frequently for patients with AECOPD and perceived their role to be important (81%). The most commonly prescribed modalities were ground walking (94%), sit-to-stand (89%) and non-equipment-based lower limb strengthening (79%). Only 32% of respondents offered physiotherapy evaluation during post-discharge outpatient clinic appointments at their hospital. While 71% of respondents indicated they frequently referred patients to PR after AECOPD, rates were significantly higher in those with more cardiorespiratory experience (82%) than those with less experience (66%; p = 0.026). Australian physiotherapists frequently prescribe simple physical exercise modalities for patients with AECOPD. PR referral rates appear influenced by clinician experience, which may need consideration in future remedial strategies.
Challenges and Enablers of Spiritual Care for Family Members of Patients in the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Roze des Ordons Amanda L. , Stelfox Henry T. , Grindrod-Millar Kathleen , Sinuff Tasnim , Smiechowski Jennifer , Sinclair Shane
Published: March 2020

Spiritual care has been recognized as important to family members of critically ill patients, although it is often not integrated within clinical practice. We conducted focus groups and interviews with family members, spiritual health practitioners, and clinicians who work in the intensive care unit (ICU) to explore their experiences of working with family members experiencing spiritual distress in this setting. Challenges and factors that enable identification and support for spiritual distress were identified, as well as suggestions for improvement.
Masonry brick–cement mortar interface resistance to water transport determined with neutron radiography and numerical modeling
Authors: Zhou Xiaohai , Desmarais Guylaine , Vontobel Peter , Carmeliet Jan , Derome Dominique
Published: March 2020

Masonry is one of the most common building envelope systems in the world, providing an excellent water protection solution against rain. Water transport in masonry walls composed of bricks and mortar joints can be strongly affected by the nature of the interface between brick and mortar. In this study, two-dimensional water uptake experiments and numerical simulations are performed to study the effect of interface resistance on moisture transport in masonry samples with horizontal and vertical interfaces. Neutron radiography is used to document the time- and space-resolved moisture content distribution in different masonry samples. In the simulation of moisture transport, an interface resistance models the imperfect contact between brick and mortar. A good agreement between measured and simulated moisture content distribution is observed for different masonry samples. Moisture transport in masonry could be strongly affected by the interface resistance, when interface is in proximity to moisture source. The orientation, horizontal or vertical, of the interface between brick and mortar does not have an influence on the value of the interface resistance. However, the interface resistance depends on the capillary pressure at the interface. In the range of capillary moisture transport, a lower capillary pressure at the interface will lead to a larger interface resistance.
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of quinazoline derivatives containing piperazine moieties as antitumor agents
Authors: Li Wen , Chen Shu-Yi , Hu Wei-Nan , Zhu Mei , Liu Jia-Min , Fu Yi-Hong , Wang Zhen-Chao , OuYang Gui-Ping
Published: March 2020

A series of novel quinazoline derivatives containing piperazine analogs are synthesized via substitution reactions with 6,7-disubstituted 4-chloroquinazoline and benzyl piperazine (amido piperazine). Potent antiproliferative activities are observed against A549, HepG2, K562, and PC-3 with N-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-(7-methoxy-6-(3-morpholino-propoxy)quinazoline-4-yl)piperazine-1-yl)acetamidename C9 showing excellent activity. This active derivative was screened for cell migration ability, proliferation effects, and apoptosis against A549 and PC-3 cells, with the result showing biological activity almost equal to that of the control gefitinib.
Traumatic Facial Tattoo Injuries From Gunpowder and Ammunition: A Case Series
Authors: Jenzer Andrew C. , Storrs Bradley P. , Daniels Zachary , Hanlon Jeremy J.
Published: March 2020

Background and Overview:

Gunpowder inclusion injuries are rare occurrences in the civilian sector but are more frequently encountered in the military setting. The authors report a case series of 3 active duty military service members treated by an Army hospital’s Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery service for the removal of embedded gunpowder particles so as to avoid traumatic tattooing.

Case Description:

Three otherwise healthy active duty military service members were treated for gunpowder inclusion injuries incurred while conducting live fire training exercises at a state-side military installation between 2018 and 2019. All 3 males presented with injuries of the same etiology: Their weapons malfunctioned, and while visually inspecting the action, a round exploded close to the face. This peppered the face with gunpowder particles that were both superficially and deeply embedded. Treatment focused on individual removal using fine forceps. The patients were followed up and healed quickly without any complications, specifically without traumatic tattooing from the gunpowder injuries.

Conclusion and Practical Implications:

Gunpowder inclusion injuries should be addressed quickly to remove the particles before epidermal healing occurs, thus avoiding the complication of traumatic tattooing. This surgical team recommends meticulous fine forceps removal as the treatment of choice for larger particles.
Impact of previous coronary artery bypass grafting in patients presenting with an acute coronary syndrome: Current trends and clinical implications
Authors: Ribeiro Joana M , Teixeira Rogério , Siserman Alexandrina , Puga Luís , Lopes João , Sousa José Pedro , Lourenço Carolina , Belo Adriana , Gonçalves Lino
Published: March 2020

Background:

Among patients presenting with an acute coronary syndrome, those with previous coronary artery bypass grafting are a particular subset.

Aims:

The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic impact of previous coronary artery bypass grafting in acute coronary syndrome patients and to identify the current trends in their clinical management.

Methods:

We performed a cohort analysis of patients prospectively enrolled in the Portuguese Registry of acute coronary syndrome between 2010–2019 with known previous coronary artery bypass grafting status. The co-primary endpoints were in-hospital and one-year mortality.

Results:

A total of 19,334 (962 coronary artery bypass grafting and 18,372 non-coronary artery bypass grafting) and 9402 (479 coronary artery bypass grafting and 8923 non-coronary artery bypass grafting) patients were included in the analyses of in-hospital and mid-term outcomes, respectively. Coronary artery bypass grafting patients were older and had a higher incidence of comorbidities. They were less likely to undergo invasive angiography (74.9 vs 84.6%, p<0.001), but were equally likely to receive dual antiplatelet therapy (91.0 vs 90.8%, p=0.823). In-hospital mortality was similar between groups (3.6 vs 3.4%, p=0.722). Unadjusted one-year mortality was higher in the coronary artery bypass grafting group (hazard ratio 1.48, 95% confidence interval 1.09–2.01, p=0.012), but similar in both groups after propensity-matching and multivariate analysis (hazard ratio 0.63, 95% confidence interval 0.37–1.09, p=0.098).

Conclusions:

Among patients with acute coronary syndrome, a previous history of coronary artery bypass grafting was associated with a high burden of comorbidities and a high-risk profile but was not an independent predictor of adverse events. Treatment decisions should be made on a case-by-case basis, and should not be based on previous coronary artery bypass grafting status alone.
An exploratory analysis of the efficacy of ocrelizumab in patients with multiple sclerosis with increased disability
Authors: Wolinsky Jerry S , Engmann Natalie J , Pei Jinglan , Pradhan Ashish , Markowitz Clyde , Fox Edward J
Published: March 2020

Background

Ocrelizumab, an anti-CD20 humanized monoclonal antibody, reduced disease progression in pivotal trials of patients with relapsing (OPERA I, OPERA II) and primary progressive (ORATORIO) multiple sclerosis (MS). These effects may be particularly important among patients with increased disability.

Objective

In this post hoc exploratory analysis, we evaluated the efficacy of ocrelizumab on disability progression among a subgroup of patients with MS who had increased baseline disability levels (Expanded Disability Status Scale scores ≥4.0) in the pivotal trials.

Methods

During the double-blind period, patients received ocrelizumab 600 mg intravenously every 24 weeks for 96 weeks in the OPERA trials (versus interferon β-1a 44 μg subcutaneously three times per week) and for 120 weeks in ORATORIO (versus placebo). Kaplan–Meier and Cox survival analyses were used to assess disability outcome measures.

Results

Baseline demographic, disease, and treatment characteristics were generally comparable across treatment groups in patients with increased disability from the OPERA and ORATORIO trials. Ocrelizumab treatment numerically, and in some instances significantly, reduced confirmed disability progression versus the comparator in these patients.

Conclusions

In patients with increased baseline disability, ocrelizumab reduced the risk of confirmed disability progression versus interferon β-1a in patients with relapsing-onset MS and versus placebo in patients with progression-onset MS.
The Activ8 activity monitor: Validation of posture and movement classification
Authors: Horemans Herwin , Kooijmans Hedwig , van den Berg-Emons Rita , Bussmann Hans
Published: March 2020

Introduction

To set up and guide interventions with the aim to increase physical activity and lower sedentary behavior valid monitoring of physical behavior is essential. The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity of the single-unit Activ8 activity monitor to classify several body postures and movements.

Methods

Twelve healthy adults performed a series of activities, representative for everyday life, according to a standard protocol. Activ8 was both worn in the trouser pocket (prescribed location) and fixated to the front of the thigh. Activities were video recorded and analyzed thereafter. Postures and movements that were analyzed were lying/sitting, standing, walking, cycling, and running.

Results

The agreement between Activ8 output and video analysis was 89.7% (inter-subject range: 66.0 to 96.6%) for the pocket location and 91.9% (range 85.5 to 95.1%) for the thigh location. Sensitivity and positive predictive value scores for both locations were all above 80%, except for standing (69% or higher). Differences in classified duration of separate postures and movements were within 20% for walking, sitting and running.

Conclusion

The Activ8 is a valid instrument to quantify a defined set of body postures and movements. Because of the smaller time difference, the thigh location is preferred for research purposes.
The Effectiveness of Training and Supervising Urban Elementary School Teachers in Child–Teacher Relationship Training: A Trauma-Informed Approach
Authors: Opiola Kristie K. , Alston Daniel M. , Copeland-Kamp Brandi L.
Published: March 2020

This case study explored three urban elementary teachers’ experiences with Child–Teacher Relationship Training (CTRT) and the impact of CTRT on the teachers’ emotional intelligence, perception of students’ behaviors, and teacher–student stress. The three charter school teachers from the Southeastern United States received 22 weeks of CTRT curriculum and completed assessments to track changes in teacher stress, child behaviors, and teacher emotional intelligence. The teachers also engaged in debrief sessions every week. They reported a decrease in teacher–student stress; greater understanding and categorization of child behaviors; and reflection on their own level of ability to perceive, understand, and generate emotions.
A University/School District Partnership to Close the Information, Opportunity, and Attainment Gaps for Students in Urban Schools
Authors: Stone Carolyn , Eggleston Lauren
Published: March 2020

This article outlines how to replicate strategies employed during a two-decade partnership between the University of North Florida’s (UNF) school counselor preparation program and Duval County Public Schools, a large, urban, southern school district. The partnership created a culture of collaboration built on a mutual social justice philosophy for the purpose of closing attainment gaps. Participation in the partnership has become mandatory for UNF school counseling candidates in their preparation to be systemic change agents who ferret out and eliminate opportunity gaps and information gaps to benefit K–12 students.
Predicting College Enrollment of Graduating High School Seniors: How Accurate Is Self-Report?
Authors: Christian David D. , Stuckey Amanda G. , Boykin Allison Ames , Adams Justin J.
Published: March 2020

Although many school counselors use self-report graduation surveys to collect data about their program and to track students after graduation, there is a dearth of research examining the survey results’ accuracy. The purpose of this study was to explore the accuracy of high school seniors’ self-report of intended college enrollment. Overall, results suggest that student self-report is a good indicator of fall college enrollment and certain variables increase the accuracy of students’ self-report. Specifically, having a higher socioeconomic status, higher grade point average, acceptances from a greater number of colleges, and a higher college entrance exam score, and enrolling in a public (vs. private) college all increased the probability of an accurate self-report. We discuss implications for school counseling practice and future research.
Patient Disclosure of Complementary and Integrative Health Approaches in an Academic Health Center
Authors: Connor Julie , Buring Julie E , Eisenberg David M , Osypiuk Kamila , Davis Roger B , Wayne Peter M
Published: March 2020

Background

Effective patient–doctor communication about complementary and integrative health (CIH) is crucial to coordinate multimodal treatment for complex conditions. While rates of patient disclosure of CIH use to physicians have increased in the United States over the last 30 years, many patients still do not disclose these facts. Integrating CIH approaches within academic medical centers may enhance the communication, but this has not been explicitly studied.

Objective

To examine rates of patient disclosure of CIH to physicians and reasons for nondisclosure.

Methods

We surveyed 1177 patients at an academic center’s CIH clinic regarding their CIH use and disclosure of CIH use to their physician.

Results

Of the 1067 who responded to the disclosure questions, 80.1% had discussed their CIH use with their physician, while 19.9% did not. Of those who did not disclose, lack of physician inquiry was reported by 58% as the principal reason.

Discussion

Within an academic center, there is still a need to improve communication about CIH use. Possible strategies might include continued education of both patients and physicians about CIH and communication skills and integration of CIH disclosure into routine patient health questionnaires.
Comparison of Age-Related Anthropometric Changes Among Elderly Punjabi Males Residing in Old-Age Homes with Those Residing with Their Families
Authors: Singh K. , Singh S. P. , Kaur G. , Bose K.
Published: March 2020

The present study was conducted to find out the changes in anthropometric measurements with advancing age among elderly males living in old-age homes and those living in family. Cross-sectional data on anthropometric measurements and other general information were obtained for 400 male subjects (200 living in old-age homes and 200 living with family) ageing 60 years and above, and data were collected from various districts in Punjab. Height decreased non-significantly and sitting height decreased significantly ( p = 0.03) from 60 years to ≥80 years of age in both the groups of elderly males. Weight decreased significantly among the elderly males residing in old-age homes ( p < 0.001). Biceps ( p = 0.03) and thigh skinfold ( p = 0.009) thicknesses decreased significantly only among elderly residing in old-age homes. Abdominal ( p = 0.01) and supra-iliac ( p = 0.01) skinfold thickness measurements decreased significantly among elderly residing with their families. Circumference measurements on limbs decreased significantly ( p < 0.01) among both the groups of elderly (except upper arm circumference among elderly residing with their families). Abdominal circumference decreased significantly ( p = 0.04) among the elderly males residing with their families. Elderly residing in old-age homes retained more abdominal subcutaneous fat mass and lost more appendicular fat mass as compared with those residing with their families. Elderly residing with their families lost lesser appendicular muscle mass as compared with their counterpart’s elderly residing in old-age homes.
Heresy, heterodoxy and nonconformism in early India
Authors: Shrimali Krishna Mohan
Published: March 2020

The issue of heterodoxy arises when an orthodoxy is established. Even by the Buddha’s time a large number of variant views existed. Even the Ṛksaṃhita contained hymns with contrary beliefs and opposing gods. In time the Cārvākas or materialists contested the whole fabric of beliefs represented by the Vedas. In the Buddhist case a similar deviant was found in Devadatta who is represented as opposing Gautama Buddha’s doctrines. One can also trace elements of dissent from the theologically recognised dharma in texts such as Arthaśāstra and Kāmasutra. In early mediaeval times the Jainas could be identified as the major ideological critics of Brahmanism. In today’s India, where all dissent with the official dogma is being denounced as anti-national, it is time to project history from the point of view of the so-called heretics or dissidents as well.
Magnetically levitated X–Y plane actuator for micromanufacturing
Authors: Seth Rahul , Halder Saurav , Chatterjee Kalyan , Mandal Soumen , Nagahanumaiah
Published: March 2020

The paper presents design and development of a precision motion actuator, which can traverse required trajectory in the X–Y plane and can be used for micromachining applications using magnetic levitation based technology. A glass-reinforced epoxy laminate sheet with micromachined holes in the horizontal and vertical direction with copper wires placed vertically and horizontally was used for actuation of rare earth magnets wherein a pyrolytic graphite sheet was fixed over the copper wires. The diamagnetism of pyrolytic graphite sheet coupled with electromagnetic field generated because of the current passing through the copper wires led to levitation and actuation of the rare earth magnet over desired trajectory. COMSOL Multiphysics (COMSOL Inc., Burlington, Massachusetts, USA) simulation was conducted in order to simulate the forces generated by the developed actuator. Thereafter, the forces generated by the actuator with current flowing through the wires were measured using a dynamometer where the error was limited within 2%. An acrylic sheet was fixed over the actuator and laser micromachining was conducted with trajectories traversed by the actuator. Scanning electron microscope results of the machined samples confirmed that feature sizes in the range of 200–300 micron could be generated. This proves the potential of the developed actuator for micromachining applications.
Next-generation liquefaction database
Authors: Brandenberg Scott J , Zimmaro Paolo , Stewart Jonathan P , Kwak Dong Youp , Franke Kevin W , Moss Robb ES , Çetin K Önder , Can Gizem , Ilgac Makbule , Stamatakos John , Weaver Thomas , Kramer Steven L
Published: March 2020

The Next-Generation Liquefaction database is a resource for the geotechnical hazard community. It is publicly available online under the following digital object identifier (DOI): 10.21222/C2J040. The database organizes objective liquefaction data into tables and fields (columns of information), with the relationships among the tables and fields described by a schema. The data are organized into tables pertaining to (1) sites, including geotechnical and geophysical site investigation data, surface geology information, and laboratory test data; (2) earthquake events, including source and ground motion information; and (3) observations of sites following events. The schema was vetted through community outreach efforts involving multiple workshops and meetings. Users can view the data, download existing data, and upload new data through a geographic information system (GIS)-based graphical user interface. Information uploaded to the database is reviewed by a database working group to verify consistency between uploaded data and source documents. The database is replicated in DesignSafe where users can interact with the data using Python scripts in Jupyter notebooks, view point cloud data using Potree, and interact with geospatial data using QGIS.
miR-144-3p inhibits cell proliferation of colorectal cancer cells by targeting BCL6 via inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling
Authors: Sun Naihui , Zhang Liang , Zhang Chongguang , Yuan Yuan
Published: March 2020

Background

It has been shown that miR-144-3p regulates cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion in various cancers. However, the function and expression of miR-144-3p in colorectal cancer (CRC) remained obscure.

Methods

Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was performed to investigate the protein expression of BCL6 in CRC tissues. The effect of BCL6 and miR-144-3p on CRC cells was explored through methylthiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, colony formation and cell cycle assays. Luciferase reporter assays, reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot assay were carried out to determine that BCL6 is directly regulated by miR-144-3p.

Results

Our results showed that miR-144-3p is down-regulated in CRC and correlates with the tumor progression of CRC patients. miR-144-3p inhibits cell proliferation and delays G1/S phase transition of CRC cells. Moreover, we found that BCL6 is a new target of miR-144-3p. Furthermore, BCL6 is a mediator of miR-144-3p repression of cell proliferation and cell cycle arrest in CRC cells. miR-144-3p repression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling is mediated by BCL6 in CRC cells.

Conclusions

Overall, the effect of the miR-144-3p/BCL6 axis on regulating CRC carcinogenesis was demonstrated, and miR-144-3p was identified as a potential prognostic and therapeutic target in colorectal cancer.
Comparative transcriptomic analysis of deep- and shallow-water barnacle species (Cirripedia, Poecilasmatidae) provides insights into deep-sea adaptation of sessile crustaceans
Authors: Gan Zhibin , Yuan Jianbo , Liu Xinming , Dong Dong , Li Fuhua , Li Xinzheng
Published: March 2020

Background

Barnacles are specialized marine organisms that differ from other crustaceans in possession of a calcareous shell, which is attached to submerged surfaces. Barnacles have a wide distribution, mostly in the intertidal zone and shallow waters, but a few species inhabit the deep-sea floor. It is of interest to investigate how such sessile crustaceans became adapted to extreme deep-sea environments. We sequenced the transcriptomes of a deep-sea barnacle, Glyptelasma gigas collected at a depth of 731 m from the northern area of the Zhongjiannan Basin, and a shallow-water coordinal relative, Octolasmis warwicki. The purpose of this study was to provide genetic resources for investigating adaptation mechanisms of deep-sea barnacles.

Results

Totals of 62,470 and 51,585 unigenes were assembled for G. gigas and O. warwicki, respectively, and functional annotation of these unigenes was made using public databases. Comparison of the protein-coding genes between the deep- and shallow-water barnacles, and with those of four other shallow-water crustaceans, revealed 26 gene families that had experienced significant expansion in G. gigas. Functional annotation showed that these expanded genes were predominately related to DNA repair, signal transduction and carbohydrate metabolism. Base substitution analysis on the 11,611 single-copy orthologs between G. gigas and O. warwicki indicated that 25 of them were distinctly positive selected in the deep-sea barnacle, including genes related to transcription, DNA repair, ligand binding, ion channels and energy metabolism, potentially indicating their importance for survival of G. gigas in the deep-sea environment.

Conclusions

The barnacle G. gigas has adopted strategies of expansion of specific gene families and of positive selection of key genes to counteract the negative effects of high hydrostatic pressure, hypoxia, low temperature and food limitation on the deep-sea floor. These expanded gene families and genes under positive selection would tend to enhance the capacities of G. gigas for signal transduction, genetic information processing and energy metabolism, and facilitate networks for perceiving and responding physiologically to the environmental conditions in deep-sea habitats. In short, our results provide genomic evidence relating to deep-sea adaptation of G. gigas, which provide a basis for further biological studies of sessile crustaceans in the deep sea.
Research into the intervention effect of folic acid on arsenic-induced heart abnormalities in fetal rats during the periconception period
Authors: Na Lin , Q Bai , Xiumei Zhao , Lingzi Zhuang , Deqin He , Xuanxuan Zhuang , Huanhuan Guo , Yuan Lin , Xiujuan Chen
Published: March 2020

Background

The incidence of CHD is the highest among birth defects and is increasing year to year. CHD seriously harms the health of infants and young children and presents a large economic burden to families and society. The pathogenesis of CHD and preventive measures are the focus of current research. Our research aimed to explore the intervention effect of folic acid on heart abnormalities resulting from sodium arsenic (NaAsO2) exposure during the periconception period.

Methods

Sixty 35-day-old female SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups with 12 rats in each group. Group A was the control group. The rats were given distilled water and ordinary chow. The rats in group B were given distilled water containing 75 mg/L NaAsO2 and ordinary chow. The rats in groups C, D, and E were given distilled water containing 75 mg/L NaAsO2 and chow containing 0.53 mg/kg, 5.3 mg/kg, and 10.6 mg/kg folic acid, respectively. The general condition of the embryos and the histopathology of the embryonic hearts were examined. The acetylation levels of histone H3K9 in heart tissues and the expression levels of Mef2C (which is related to heart development) were observed.

Results

The embryo weight and placental weight of groups B-E were significantly lower than those of group A (P < 0.05). The heart malformation rate of the fetal rats in groups B-E was significantly higher than that of the fetal rats in group A (P < 0.05). We found that the level of H3K9 acetylation in fetal rat cardiomyocytes in groups B-E was significantly higher than that in group A (P < 0.05) and that the level of H3K9 acetylation in groups C-E was lower than that in group B (P < 0.05). The mRNA level of Mef2C in fetal rat cardiomyocytes in group B-E was significantly higher than that in group A (P < 0.05), and the mRNA level of Mef2C in groups C-E was significantly lower than that in group B (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Supplementation with folic acid during the periconception period can interfere with the toxic effects of arsenic on the heart. The mechanism may be that lowering the acetylation levels of histone H3K9 in heart tissues leads to decreased expression levels of Mef2C, which may play a protective role in heart development in fetal rats.
The geriatric nutrition risk index versus the mini-nutritional assessment short form in predicting postoperative delirium and hospital length of stay among older non-cardiac surgical patients: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Zhao Yanli , Ge Ning , Xie Dongmei , Gao Langli , Wang Yanyan , Liao Yulin , Yue Jirong
Published: March 2020

Backgrounds

Malnutrition has been shown to be associated with poor prognosis in older surgical patients. Several tools are available for detecting malnutrition. But little is known about their ability to assess risks of postoperative adverse outcomes. The study aimed to compare the ability of the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and the Mini-Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF) in predicting postoperative delirium (POD) and length of stay (LOS) among older non-cardiac surgical patients.

Methods

Prospective study of 288 older non-cardiac surgical patients fromthe West China Hospital of Sichuan University. Preoperative nutritional status was assessed using the GNRI and MNA-SF, and patients were followed for the occurrence of POD and LOS. Multivariable logistic regression and linear regression analyses were used to identify predictors of these outcomes. The relative performance of the GNRI and MNA-SF as predictors of these outcomes were determined by Receiver Operating Characteristic curves (ROC) analyses and the area under the curve (AUC).

Results

Multivariable analysis revealed that preoperative malnutrition by the MNA-SF was significantly associated with POD. Linear regression analysis showed that preoperative low/high nutritional risk of the GNRI and malnutrition by the MNA-SF were independent predictors of prolonged LOS. Moreover, the area under the curve (AUC) of MNA-SF scores for POD was better than GNRI scores (AUC = 0.718, 95%CI: 0.64–0.80,P < 0.001 vs AUC = 0.606, 95%CI: 0.52–0.69,P = 0.019; Delong’s test,P = 0.006), but the AUC of GNRI scores and MNA-SF scores have no significant difference when predicting prolonged LOS (AUC = 0.611, 95%CI: 0.54–0.69,P = 0.006 vs AUC = 0.533, 95%CI: 0.45–0.62,P = 0.421; Delong’s test,P = 0.079).

Conclusion

The MNA-SF was more effective than the GNRI at predicting the development of POD, but the two nutrition screening methods have similar performance in predicting prolonged LOS among older non-cardiac surgical patients.
Clinical-radiological dissociation in a patient with nitrous oxide-induced subacute combined degeneration: a case report
Authors: Jiang Jiwei , Shang Xiuli
Published: March 2020

Background

Several recent studies have reported subacute combined degeneration (SCD) induced by nitrous oxide (N2O) abuse. However, the association between the evolution of dynamic neuroimaging and clinical manifestations has not been reported in patients with N2O-induced SCD.

Case presentation

We described the case of a 24-year-old man who developed SCD with inverted V-sign hyperintensities over the posterior aspect of the spinal cord caused by frequent, excessive N2O inhalation. One month after treatment, his weakness and paresthesia resolved and serum vitamin B12 levels exceeded the normal levels. However, the hyperintensities had extended horizontally and longitudinally on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), compared to those on the initial scan. Two months after treatment, the patient experienced some residual numbness in the distal limbs, and his serum homocysteine levels were normal, but the abnormal signals seen on cervical T2-weighted MRI had decreased only slightly compared to those seen on the one-month follow-up MRI. The evolution of conventional MRI findings lagged compared to the clinical manifestation, which was suggestive of a clinical-radiological dissociation.

Conclusions

Clinical-radiological dissociation might have occurred in this case because T2-weighted imaging was not sensitive enough to reveal cytotoxic edema. Moreover, the serum vitamin B12 level is not a good indicator of cellular vitamin B12. Thus, clinicians should recognize this phenomenon, comprehensively assess the condition of patients with N2O-induced SCD, and avoid terminating treatment based on the resolution of clinical symptoms and serological results.