bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Air quality prediction models based on meteorological factors and real-time data of industrial waste gas
Authors: Liu Ying , Wang Peiyu , Li Yong , Wen Lixia , Deng Xiaochao
Published: June 2022

With the rapid economic growth, air quality continues to decline. High-intensity pollution emissions and unfavorable weather conditions are the key factors for the formation and development of air heavy pollution processes. Given that research into air quality prediction generally ignore pollutant emission information, in this paper, the random forest supervised learning algorithm is used to construct an air quality prediction model for Zhangdian District with industrial waste gas daily emissions and meteorological factors as variables. The training data include the air quality index (AQI) values, meteorological factors and industrial waste gas daily emission of Zhangdian District from 1st January 2017 to 30th November 2019. The data from 1st to 31th December 2019 is used as the test set to assess the model. The performance of the model is analysed and compared with the backpropagation (BP) neural network, decision tree, and least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) function, which has better overall prediction performance with an RMSE of 22.91 and an MAE of 15.80. Based on meteorological forecasts and expected air quality, a daily emission limit for industrial waste gas can be obtained using model inversion. From 1st to 31th December 2019, if the industrial waste gas daily emission in this area were decreased from 6048.5 million cubic meters of waste gas to 5687.5 million cubic meters, and the daily air quality would be maintained at a good level. This paper deeply explores the dynamic relationship between waste gas daily emissions of industrial enterprises, meteorological factors, and air quality. The meteorological conditions are fully utilized to dynamically adjust the exhaust gas emissions of key polluting enterprises. It not only ensures that the regional air quality is in good condition, but also promotes the in-depth optimization of the procedures of regional industrial enterprises, and reduces the conflict between environmental protection and economic development.
Durable complete response to neoantigen-loaded dendritic-cell vaccine following anti-PD-1 therapy in metastatic gastric cancer
Authors: Guo Zengqing , Yuan Yuan , Chen Chao , Lin Jing , Ma Qiwang , Liu Geng , Gao Yan , Huang Ying , Chen Ling , Chen Li-Zhu , Huang Yu-Fang , Wang Hailun , Li Bo , Chen Yu , Zhang Xi
Published: June 2022

Absract

Neoantigens are ideal targets for dendritic cell (DC) vaccines. So far, only a few neoantigen-based DC vaccines have been investigated in clinical trials. Here, we reported a case of a patient with metastatic gastric cancer who received personalized neoantigen-loaded monocyte-derived dendritic cell (Neo-MoDC) vaccines followed by combination therapy of the Neo-MoDC and immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI). The patient developed T cell responses against neoantigens after receiving the Neo-MoDC vaccine alone. The following combination therapy triggered a stronger immune response and mediated complete regression of all tumors for over 25 months till October, 2021. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells recognized seven of the eight vaccine neoantigens. And the frequency of neoantigen-specific T cell clones increased obviously after vaccination. Overall, this report describing a complete tumor regression in a gastric cancer patient mediated by Neo-MoDC vaccine in combination with ICI, and suggesting a promising treatment for patients with metastatic gastric cancer.
Interlayer shear coupling in bilayer graphene
Authors: Liu Jinglan , Zhu Chunhua , Zhang Zilong , Ren Qiancheng , Zhang Xuewei , Zhang Yang , Jin Yanhan , Qiu Wei , Wang Hongtao , Zhao Junhua , Zhao Pei
Published: June 2022

The interfacial shear coupling (ISC) governs the relative in-plane deformations of layered two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) materials, which is significant for both the fundamental theory of solid mechanics and the stability design of 2D devices. Here we study the representative ISC of 2D vdW stacks using bilayer graphene (BLG) and isotope-labeled Raman spectroscopy. The results show that under uniaxial tensile strain, the ISC between two graphene layers evolves sequentially with bonding, sliding and debonding process, and the corresponding interfacial shear strength is inversely proportional to the sample size. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations demonstrate the origin of this inverse proportionality as stronger interlayer vdW interaction induced by the edge lattices and atoms of BLG that have more degrees of freedom. These results not only provide new fundamental insights into the multiscale interpretation of macroscopic interfacial shear properties of 2D vdW stacks but also have great potential in guiding the design of graphene-based composite materials and flexible 2D electronics.
Highly active and thermostable submonolayer La(NiCo)OΔ catalyst stabilized by a perovskite LaCrO3 support
Authors: Zhao Tingting , Zhao Jiankang , Tao Xuyingnan , Yu Haoran , Li Ming , Zeng Jie , Wang Haiqian
Published: June 2022

It is important to develop highly active and stable catalysts for high temperature reactions, such as dry reforming of methane. Here we show a La(NiCo)OΔ (LNCO) submonolayer catalyst (SMLC) stabilized by the surface lattice of a perovskite LaCrO3 support and demonstrate a Ni-Co synergistic effect. The submonolayer/support type catalyst was prepared by in-situ hydrogen reduction of a LaNi0.05Co0.05Cr0.9O3 precursor synthesized by a sol-gel method. The LNCO-SMLC is highly active and very stable during a 100 h on stream test at 750 °C under the reaction conditions of dry reforming of methane. The catalyst also shows good anti-coking ability. We found that the synergistic effect between Ni and Co atoms in LNCO-SMLC remarkably improved the thermostability of the catalyst. This work provides a useful concept for designing atomically dispersed catalysts with high thermostability.
Layer-dependent magnetic phase diagram in FenGeTe2 (3 ≤ n ≤ 7) ultrathin films
Authors: Liu Qinxi , Xing Jianpei , Jiang Zhou , Guo Yu , Jiang Xue , Qi Yan , Zhao Jijun
Published: June 2022

Two-dimensional (2D) ferromagnets with high Curie temperature TC are desirable for spintronics applications. However, they are rarely obtained in experiments mainly due to the challenge of synthesizing high-quality 2D crystals, and their TC values are below room temperature. Using first-principles calculations, we design a family of stable 2D FenGeTe2 (4 ≤ n ≤ 7) ultrathin films with coexisting itinerant and localized magnetism. Among them, 2D Fe3GeTe2 and Fe4GeTe2 are ferromagnetic metals with TC = 138 and 68 K; 2D Fe5GeTe2, Fe6GeTe2, and Fe7GeTe2 are Néel’s P-, R-, and R-type ferrimagnetic metals with TC = 320, 450, and 570 K. A thickness-induced magnetic phase transition originates from competition between itinerant and localized states, and also correlates with Fe3+ and Fe2+ content. A valence/orbital-dependent magnetic exchange model is proposed for these effects. Our results reveal a universal mechanism for magnetic coupling in complex magnetic systems.
Nickel selenide as an efficient electrocatalyst for selective reduction of carbon dioxide to carbon-rich products
Authors: Saxena Apurv , Liyanage Wipula P. R. , Kapila Shubhender , Nath Manashi
Published: June 2022

NiSe2nanostructures exhibit highly efficient electrocatalytic activity for CO2reduction, producing carbon-rich products with high selectivity and faradaic efficiency at lower applied potential and less energy expense.
Enhanced Ni–Ce interactions to enable efficient low-temperature catalytic CO2 methanation
Authors: Zhang Zhihe , Feng Kai , Yan Binhang
Published: June 2022

The increase of Ni–O–Ce interfacial sites for H2-assisted CO2 activation leads to an improved CO2 methanation performance.
A facile chemiluminescence strategy for copper(ii) ion detection utilizing azothiacalix[4]arene-functionalized carboxymethylcellulose polymeric ligand
Authors: Niknezhad Mahvash , Lakouraj Moslem Mansour , Chaichi Mohammad Javad , Nemati Afsaneh
Published: June 2022

The design and characterization of azothiacalix[4]arene-functionalized carboxymethylcellulose, used for the detection of nanomolar levels of Cu2+via a chemiluminescence method.
Quantum theory of electronic excitation and sputtering by transmission electron microscopy
Authors: Yoshimura Anthony , Lamparski Michael , Giedt Joel , Lingerfelt David , Jakowski Jacek , Ganesh Panchapakesan , Yu Tao , Sumpter Bobby G. , Meunier Vincent
Published: June 2022

Combining quantum electrodynamics with density functional theory, we model electronic excitation and sputtering by beam electrons in two-dimensional materials. Electronic excitations can drastically increase the sputtering rates in these materials.
Effects of the number and position of methoxy substituents on triphenylamine-based chalcone visible-light-absorbing photoinitiators
Authors: Yen Shih-Chieh , Lee Zhong-Han , Ni Jen-Shyang , Chen Ching-Chin , Chen Yung-Chung
Published: June 2022

Five visible-light-absorbing triphenylamine-based chalcone photoinitiators (CY1–CY5) have been synthesized for application in free radical photopolymerization.
Carbon nanotube reinforced self-healable polythiourethane with excellent bonding strength and improved thermal conductivity
Authors: Shen Ji-yuan , Hu Wei , Sun Chang , Zhang Shuo-ning , Zhang Lan-ying , Bao Jin-ying , Ren Yun-xiao , Cao Ya-ping , Huang Rui , Li Hui , Xiao Jiu-mei , Yang Huai
Published: June 2022

A kind of carbon nanotubes reinforced self-healable polythiourethane composite material with super-high lap shear strength, extremely high elongation at break, excellent optical transparency and improved thermal conductivity was presented.
N-doped carbon confined CoFe@Pt nanoparticles with robust catalytic performance for the methanol oxidation reaction
Authors: Ren Yujing , Chen Kangcheng , Zhang Yaoyuan , Shi Daxin , Wu Qin , Liang Dongxia , Hu Chenxing , Li Hansheng
Published: June 2022

N-doped porous carbon coated CoFe@Pt nanoparticles were constructed and exhibited low Pt content, outstanding mass activity and specific activity, exceptional resistance to CO toxicity, and good stability for the methanol oxidation reaction.
A structure function analysis of VST-COSMOS AGN
Authors: De Cicco D. , Bauer F. E. , Paolillo M. , Sánchez-Sáez P. , Brandt W. N. , Vagnetti F. , Pignata G. , Radovich M. , Vaccari M.
Published: June 2022

Context. We present our sixth work in a series dedicated to variability studies of active galactic nuclei (AGN), based on the survey of the COSMOS field by the VLT Survey Telescope (VST). Its 54 r-band visits over 3.3 yr and single-visit depth of 24.6 r-band mag make this dataset a valuable scaled-down version that can help forecast the performance of the Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST).

Aims. This work is centered on the analysis of the structure function (SF) of VST-COSMOS AGN, investigating possible differences in its shape and slope related to how the AGN were selected, and explores possible connections between the AGN ensemble variability and the black-hole mass, accretion rate, bolometric luminosity, redshift, and obscuration of the source. Given its features, our dataset opens up the exploration of samples ∼2 mag fainter than most literature to date.

Methods. We identified several samples of AGN – 677 in total – obtained through a variety of selection techniques partly overlapping. Our analysis compares the results for the various samples. We split each sample in two based on the median of the physical property of interest, and analyzed the differences in the SF shape and slope, and their possible causes.

Results. While the SF shape does not change with depth, it is highly affected by the type of AGN (unobscured or obscured) included in the sample. Where a linear region can be identified, we find that the variability amplitude is anticorrelated to the accretion rate and bolometric luminosity, consistent with previous literature on the topic, while no dependence on black-hole mass emerges from this study. With its longer baseline and denser and more regular sampling, the LSST will allow for an improved characterization of the SF and its dependencies on the mentioned physical properties over much larger AGN samples.
Seeing the forest and the trees: A radio investigation of the ULIRG Mrk 273
Authors: Kukreti P. , Morganti R. , Bondi M. , Oosterloo T. , Tadhunter C. , Morabito L. K. , Adams E. A. K. , Adebahr B. , de Blok W. J. G. , de Gasperin F. , Drabent A. , Hess K. M. , Ivashina M. V. , Kutkin A. , Mika Á. M. , Oostrum L. C. , Shimwell T. W. , van der Hulst J. M. , van Leeuwen J. , van Weeren R. J. , Vohl D. , Ziemke J.
Published: June 2022

Galaxy mergers have been observed to trigger nuclear activity by feeding gas to the central supermassive black hole. One such class of objects are Ultra Luminous InfraRed Galaxies (ULIRGs), which are mostly late stage major mergers of gas-rich galaxies. Recently, large-scale (∼100 kpc) radio continuum emission has been detected in a select number of ULIRGs, all of which also harbour powerful Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). This hints at the presence of large-scale radio emission being evidence for nuclear activity. Exploring the origin of this radio emission and its link to nuclear activity requires high sensitivity multi-frequency data. We present such an analysis of the ULIRG Mrk 273. Using the International LOFAR telescope (ILT), we detected spectacular large-scale arcs in this system. This detection includes, for the first time, a giant ∼190 kpc arc in the north. We propose these arcs are fuelled by a low power radio AGN triggered by the merger. We also identified a bright ∼45 kpc radio ridge, which is likely related to the ionised gas nebula in that region. We combined this with high sensitivity data from APERture Tile In Focus (Apertif) and archival data from the Very Large Array (VLA) to explore the spectral properties. The ILT simultaneously allowed us to probe the nucleus at a resolution of ∼0.3″, where we detected three components, and, for the first time, diffuse emission around these components. Combining this with archival high frequency VLA images of the nucleus allowed us to detect absorption in one component, and a steep spectrum radio AGN in another. We then extrapolate from this case study to the importance of investigating the presence of radio emission in more ULIRGs and what it can tell us about the link between mergers and the presence of radio activity.
The [CII] and FIR properties ofz> 6 radio-loud quasars
Authors: Khusanova Y. , Bañados E. , Mazzucchelli C. , Rojas-Ruiz S. , Momjian E. , Walter F. , Decarli R. , Venemans B. , Farina E. P. , Meyer R. , Wang F. , Yang J.
Published: June 2022

There are only five radio-loud quasars currently known within 1 Gyr from the Big Bang (z > 6) and the properties of their host galaxies have not been explored in detail. We present a NOrthern Extended Millimeter Array (NOEMA) survey of [CII] (158 μm) and underlying continuum emission of fourz > 6 radio-loud quasars, revealing their diverse properties. J0309+2717 (z = 6.10) has a bright [CII] line and underlying continuum, implying that the host galaxy is a starburst with a star-formation rate SFR = 340–1200M⊙yr−1. J1429+5447 (z = 6.18) has a SFR = 520 − 870M⊙yr−1and its [CII] profile is consistent with two Gaussians, which could be interpreted as a galaxy merger. J1427+3312 (z = 6.12) has a moderate SFR = 30–90M⊙yr−1. Notably, this is a broad absorption line quasar and we searched for the presence of high-velocity outflows in the host galaxy. Although the NOEMA data tentatively reveal a broad component of the [CII] line as wide as ∼1400 km s−1, the sensitivity of our current data are not sufficient to confirm it. Finally, P172+18 (z = 6.82) is undetected in both [CII] and the continuum, implying a SFR < 22–40M⊙yr−1. The broad range of SFRs is similar to what is observed in radio-quiet quasars at similar redshifts. If radio jets do not significantly contribute to both [CII] and IR luminosities, this suggests there is no feedback from the jet on the star formation in the host galaxy.
Multi-layer transmission line of spoof surface plasmon polaritons
Authors: Lu Yuxi , Tang Wenxuan , Cui Tie Jun
Published: June 2022

In modern microwave technology, multi-layer structure is widely adopted in compact circuit design. In a multi-layer microwave system, the transmission line (TL) plays an important role. The multi-layer TLs need to have high cross-layer transmission efficiency, which is a big challenge in highly integrated circuits. Spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPP) possess good performance on field confinement and low transmission loss at microwave and terahertz frequencies, and can achieve the compact design in planar microwave circuits. In this article, a new type of multi-layer SSPP TL is proposed and tested. Taking advantage of the properties of SSPPs, the proposed TLs achieve high transmission efficiency for both in-layer and cross-layer situations. The proposed SSPP TLs have great prospect in the future multi-layer circuit design.
Impact of handling defects towards SHJ cell parameters
Authors: Fischer Andreas , Vulcanean Ioan Voicu , Pingel Sebastian , Moldovan Anamaria , Rentsch Jochen
Published: June 2022

Within this paper, a systematic approach will be presented to specify the influence of defects caused by vacuum grippers onto silicon heterojunction solar cell parameters. The study focuses on the comparison between handling-induced defects originating from handling on the emitter or non-emitter side, and the comparison of handling-induced defects originating from handling before and after plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition. The analysis was carried out by means of J–V measurements on manufactured silicon heterojunction solar cells and by means of suns photoluminescence imaging measurements on solar cell precursors. It is shown that local insufficient passivated regions caused by handling before passivation not only cause a local electrical defect at the point of handling, but also affect a large area around the insufficient passivated region. This had a significant negative effect on fill factor, short-circuit current, open circuit voltage and efficiency, which was found to be more severe for wafers handled on the non-emitter side.
Calculation and analysis of aerodynamic characteristics for airfoils immersed in two-dimensional jet flow
Authors: LI Xu , ZHOU Zhou , GUO Jiahao , XUE Chen
Published: June 2022

In order to study the aerodynamic interaction of the airfoil and jet flow, the free streamline model and the panel method are combined to establish a calculation method for the aerodynamic characteristics of the airfoil in a two-dimensional inviscid jet flow. Using the assumption of constant total pressure difference and free streamline model to determine the vortex strength and position of the jet boundary, the aerodynamic force of the airfoil is solved by the vortex panel method, and the whole process is calculated by relaxation iteration. Firstly, the relevant theory in this paper is introduced, and the convergence and effectiveness of the present method are also tested. Next, the influence of the position and the ratio of jet height to airfoil chord on airfoil aerodynamics in the jet flow are studied. Finally, the momentum theory is used to analyze the aerodynamic characteristics of the airfoil in the jet flow. The results show that the aerodynamic characteristics of the airfoil in the jet flow is quite different from that in the freestream. When the jet flow is deflected, the airfoil will not only generate lift but also drag. The method in this paper can be used to study the aerodynamic characteristics of the airfoil immersed in the jet flow.
Flutter test of rudder with real servo actuator in continuous transonic wind tunnel
Authors: HAN Jiangxu , LIU Nan , SHI Xiaoming , GUO Jin , WANG Song , YU Xianpeng
Published: June 2022

Flutter wind tunnel test is an important approach of investigation of transonic flutter characteristics of flight vehicle. Comparing with the blow-down wind tunnel, the long-running and low dynamic pressure capabilities of continuous transonic wind tunnel are very suitable for flutter test. The flutter safety protection and analysis of dynamic signals are developed. The safety protection control software, rapid reduction of Mach number and dynamic pressure, model debris catch screen are integrated, which can provide safety protection of test model and wind tunnel. During the test process, the flutter boundary can be achieved by interpolating the reciprocal of spectrum peak. The flutter tests of rudder are conduct through two methods of step and continuous varying dynamic pressure. It is illustrated that the error of flutter dynamic pressure is relatively small, less than 5% between the two methods. Meanwhile, the feedback effect of the real servo actuator on the flutter characteristics is hard to be obtained via numerical simulation. It is demonstrated that the flutter dynamic pressure has been increased by 10% due to the feedback effect.
Research on defect detection algorithm of complex texture ceramic tiles based on visual attention mechanism
Authors: OUYANG Zhou , ZHANG Huailiang , TANG Ziyang , PENG Ling , YU Sheng
Published: June 2022

Aiming at the difficulty of detecting the surface defects of complex texture tiles, a salient target detection method based on the human visual attention mechanism is proposed and used for the detection of tile surface defects. Firstly, the image of ceramic tile surface is pretreated using the single-scale SSR light correction method and bilateral filtering method; Secondly, according to the principle of contrast and high-frequency suppression in the visual attention mechanism, aiming at the "imaging" and "aggregation" characteristics of complex background textures, a detection model based on the visual attention mechanism is established to determine and mark defects.According to the contrast principle and high-frequency suppression principle in visual attention mechanism, feature extraction of ceramic tile surface is carried out. Then, the image color patch weight salient map and image feature fused salient map are obtained, and the two maps are fused according to the image saliency criteria.Finally, the marked ceramic tile defects are determined and marked.Finally the marked ceramic tile defects are obtained. This defect detection algorithm and the other two algorithms are applied to three kinds of randomly selected complex texture ceramic tiles. The experimental results show that compared with other algorithms, our algorithm can achieve a comprehensive detection rate of more than 96% for complex texture ceramic tiles, and can obtain a good effect of ceramic tile defect detection as well.
Temporal variation in Oligochaeta species composition in an anthropized stretch of a Neotropical urban river
Authors: Rosa Jonathan , de Oliveira Felipe Rafael , Pereira Luci Fátima , de Melo Silva Merieli , De Deus Bueno-Krawczyk Ana Carolina
Published: June 2022

Aquatic environments in urban centers suffer constantly from changes in limnological variables, mainly due to increased pollution in these systems. Aquatic Oligochaeta are bioindicators of environmental change. The Iguaçu River is the second most polluted river in Brazil and in the Middle Iguaçu region is used for the public water supply. Efforts to understand the dynamics and conservation of this river are necessary, since this region has a gap in studies with aquatic invertebrates. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate temporally the Oligochaeta species composition and the beta diversity of an anthropized stretch of a subtropical urban river, predicting that changes in abiotic variables cause changes in species composition and decrease the beta diversity over the years. We measured abiotic variables (water temperature, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, pH, organic matter, aluminum and lead) and collected sediment samples using a grab in a stretch of the Iguaçu River over three years. We recorded 35 species of Oligochaeta and observed that changes in abiotic variables caused changes in species composition and beta diversity over the years, corroborating our prediction. The abiotic variables electrical conductivity, organic matter and aluminum were negatively related to species composition. In conclusion, the stretch studied in the middle Iguaçu showed an evident inter-annual variation in the Oligochaeta species composition, with a tendency to decrease the beta diversity, probably caused by changes in the abiotic variables.
Observations and modeling of scintillation in the vicinity of a polar cap patch
Authors: Lamarche Leslie J. , Deshpande Kshitija B. , Zettergren Matthew D.
Published: June 2022

Small-scale ionospheric plasma structures can cause scintillation in radio signals passing through the ionosphere. The relationship between the scintillated signal and how plasma structuring develops is complex. We model the development of small-scale plasma structuring in and around an idealized polar cap patch observed by the Resolute Bay Incoherent Scatter Radars (RISR) with the Geospace Environment Model for Ion-Neutral Interactions (GEMINI). Then, we simulate a signal passing through the resulting small-scale structuring with the Satellite-beacon Ionospheric-scintillation Global Model of the upper Atmosphere (SIGMA) to predict the scintillation characteristics that will be observed by a ground receiver at different stages of instability development. Finally, we compare the predicted signal characteristics with actual observations of scintillation from ground receivers in the vicinity of Resolute Bay. We interpret the results in terms of the nature of the small-scale plasma structuring in the ionosphere and how it impacts signals of different frequencies and attempt to infer information about the ionospheric plasma irregularity spectrum.
Alpha emitting nuclides in nuclear medicine theranostics
Authors: Miederer Matthias
Published: June 2022

Theranostic applications with radio-isotopes currently are rapidly progressing and expand nuclear medicine application in clinical routine. Alpha emitting isotopes, in particular, have long been hypothesized to achieve relevant advances for the treatment of malignancies. Here, an overview of their properties and the knowledge of radiobiology is reviewed in view of clinical translation. Clinical evidence of radiopharmaceuticals based on alpha emitters is summarized with a focus on recent developments for treatment of metastasized castration resistant prostate cancer.
Evaluation of Intraoperative Frozen Section Analysis with Final Histopathology Results for Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy: Z0011 Criteria Eligible Versus Ineligible Breast Cancer
Patients
Authors: Reinhardt Florian , Fiedler Anna , Borgmeier Felix , Reinecke Petra , Esposito Irene , Mattes-György Katalin , Dabir Mardjan , Friebe Verena , Krawczyk Natalia , Kaleta Thomas , Hoffmann Jürgen , Ruckhäberle Eugen , Fehm Tanja , Roth Katrin S. , Mohrmann Svjetlana
Published: June 2022

Background Intraoperative frozen section analysis (FSA) of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) declined in the post American College of Surgeons Oncology Group Z0011 (ACOSOG Z0011) trial
era. However, for those patients who do not meet the ACOSOG Z0011 criteria, FSA continues to be a valuable tool in intraoperative decision-making for axillary lymph node dissection (ALND).
The aim of this study was therefore to retrospectively evaluate the benefit and accuracy of FSA of Z0011 criteria eligible versus ineligible patients and identify possible predictive factors
for false negative results.

Methods Intraoperative FSA was performed on SLNs of 522 cT1–T3 breast cancer patients between 2008 and 2013. Clinicopathologic characteristics were retrospectively assessed by chart
review.

Results Overall FSA sensitivity and specificity was 67.8% and 100%. Sensitivity was generally higher for macrometastasis than for micrometastasis. The Z0011 eligible group showed a
sensitivity and specificity of 72.7% and 100% versus 62.1% and 100% in the Z0011 ineligible group. Importantly, subgroup analysis of ≤ 2 versus > 2 positive SLNs of the Z0011 eligible
group demonstrated both a 100% specificity and sensitivity. Several clinicopathologic factors were associated with a higher rate of false negative results in the Z0011 ineligible patient
group. FSA was beneficial for 22.2% of Z0011 ineligible patients and for only 0.6% of Z0011 eligible patients regarding intraoperative decision-making for ALND.

Conclusions FSA continues to be especially beneficial in the intraoperative assessment of SLNs in the Z0011 ineligible group to prevent second stage ALND. Despite an overall lower
FSA sensitivity in the Z0011 eligible patient group, FSA offers in both groups a comparable high sensitivity and diagnostic accuracy for macrometastasis.
Update Breast Cancer 2022 Part 2 – Advanced Stage Breast Cancer
Authors: Müller Volkmar , Welslau Manfred , Lüftner Diana , Schütz Florian , Stickeler Elmar , Fasching Peter A. , Janni Wolfgang , Thomssen Christoph , Witzel Isabell , Fehm Tanja N. , Belleville Erik , Bader Simon , Seitz Katharina , Untch Michael , Thill Marc , Tesch Hans , Ditsch Nina , Lux Michael P. , Aktas Bahriye , Banys-Paluchowski Maggie , Schneeweiss Andreas , Harbeck Nadia , Würstlein Rachel , Hartkopf Andreas D. , Kolberg Hans-Christian , Wöckel Achim
Published: June 2022

For patients with advanced breast cancer, several novel therapies have emerged in recent years, including CDK4/6 inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, PARP inhibitors, alpelisib,
tucatinib and trastuzumab-deruxtecan, and sacituzumab-govitecan, which have transformed and expanded the therapeutic landscape for patients with advanced breast cancer. Some of these
substances have now been approved for use in the early stages of the disease, or are expected to be approved in the near future, so the therapeutic landscape will change once again.
Therefore, current scientific efforts are focused on the introduction of new substances and understanding their mechanisms of progression and efficacy. This review summarizes recent
developments with reference to recent publications and conferences. Findings on the treatment of patients with HER2-positive breast cancer and brain metastases are presented, as are a number
of studies looking at biomarkers in patients with HER2-negative, hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. In particular, the introduction of oral selective estrogen receptor degraders
provides new opportunities to establish biomarker-based therapy. Molecular diagnostics is establishing itself as a diagnostic marker and parameter of progression.
Effect of Teriparatide on Subsequent Fracture and Bone Mineral Density in 47 Women with Pregnancy- and Lactation-associated Osteoporosis and Vertebral Fractures
Authors: Hadji Peyman , Mouzakiti Niki , Kyvernitakis Ioannis
Published: June 2022

Introduction Pregnancy- and lactation-associated osteoporosis (PLO) with predominantly vertebral fractures is a rare but severe disease which can occur in the last trimester of
pregnancy or postpartum. The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of teriparatide on subsequent fractures and bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with PLO.

Materials and Methods A total of 47 patients with PLO and postpartum spinal fractures (mean: 4 fractures) undergoing treatment with teriparatide were investigated. The data
collection period was set between 2006 and 2018. All patients received a subcutaneous injection of 20 µg teriparatide once a day for 24 months as well as individually adapted vitamin D
supplementation. After 24 months of treatment, all women received no further treatment and either had regular menstrual cycles or took oral contraceptives. Fractures were confirmed by X-ray
or MRI. Changes in BMD from baseline were examined using serial DXA measurements.

Results After 24 months of teriparatide treatment, we could demonstrate an increase in BMD at the lumbar spine, femoral neck and total hip of + 30.1%, + 11.7% and + 12.2%
respectively (p < 0.001 for all). At 12 months after cessation of treatment, BMD remained stable compared to the 24-month measurements at the lumbar spine, femoral neck and total hip
which showed non-significant changes of + 1.4%, + 2.6% and + 4.1% respectively. Out of the 47 patients with PLO with a mean of 4 existing fractures, 4 patients (7.8%) sustained a subsequent
fracture, two after 3 – 5 months of treatment and two at > 6 months of treatment.

Conclusion 24 months of treatment with teriparatide in women with PLO and multiple vertebral fractures significantly increased BMD, predominantly BMD of the spine. As patients were
premenopausal, there was no significant decrease in BMD in the following 12 months after cessation of treatment.
Gray Matter Brain Alterations in Type 1 Diabetes – Findings
Based on Detailed Phenotyping of Neuropathy Status
Authors: Croosu Suganthiya S. , Hansen Tine M. , Røikjer Johan , Mørch Carsten D. , Ejskjaer Niels , Frøkjær Jens B.
Published: June 2022

Aims This study investigated brain structure in patients of type 1
diabetes with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and type 1 diabetes with
neuropathic pain and the associations to clinical, peripheral, and cognitive
measurements.

Methods Sixty individuals with type 1 diabetes and 20 healthy controls
were included in the study. Nineteen individuals with type 1 diabetes and
neuropathic pain, 19 with type 1 diabetes and DPN, 18 with type 1 diabetes
without DPN, and 20 healthy controls were included in the brain analyses. We
utilized structural brain magnetic resonance imaging to investigate total and
regional gray matter volume.

Results Significant lower gray matter volume was found in type 1 diabetes
with neuropathic pain and in type 1 diabetes without DPN compared to healthy
controls (p=0.024 and p=0.019, respectively).
Lower insula volume was observed in all three diabetes groups (all
p≤0.050). Thalamus and hippocampus volume was lower in type 1
diabetes with neuropathic pain, cerebellum volume was lower in type 1 diabetes
with DPN, and somatosensory cortex volume was lower in type 1 diabetes without
DPN (all p≤0.018). Attenuated memory was associated with lower
gray matter volume in type 1 diabetes with DPN. No associations were found
between gray matter volume and clinical/peripheral measurements.

Conclusion We demonstrated lower gray matter volume in individuals with
type 1 diabetes regardless of the presence of DPN and neuropathic pain. Hence,
central gray matter alteration was not associated with peripheral
alterations.
Relation between Selenium and Female Fertility: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lima Luiz Gustavo , Santos André Amaro Mamédio dos , Gueiber Tiago Daniel , Gomes Ricardo Zanetti , Martins Camila Marinelli , Chaikoski Andrielle Cristina
Published: June 2022

Objective To analyze the influence of selenium in female fertility.

Data source A search was performed in the following databases: MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, SciELO, LILACS, MDPI, ScienceDirect, and Europe PMC. The descriptors selected were “selenium” AND “female” AND “fertility”. The search interval was from 1996 to 2021.

Study selection The evaluation was performed independently by two reviewers, and a third reviewer confirmed the inclusion of papers in case of divergence between the first two reviewers. Papers were selected after the title and abstract were read, and those that met the eligibility criteria had the full text read.

Data collection The following data was extracted: author, year of publication, country, type of study, objective, method, sample size, follow-up period, patients' mean age, inclusion and exclusion criteria, and concentration of serum and capillary selenium. The data was organized in chronological order of paper publication.

Data synthesis The number of papers identified totaled 3,800, out of which 7 were included in the systematic review. The studies indicated a positive correlation between serum selenium and antioxidant concentration in the follicular fluid, reduction in antithyroid antibodies, oocyte production and follicle number.

Conclusion Selenium supplementation is promising in women with this micronutrient deficiency to promote improvement of the reproductive efficiency and prevent damage to the pregnancy. Further studies on this theme are still required.
The Impact of a Multidisciplinary Opioid Use Disorder Prenatal Clinic on Breastfeeding Rates and Postpartum Care
Authors: Hensel Drew , Helou Nicole El , Zhang Fan , Stout Molly J. , Raghuraman Nandini , Friedman Hayley , Carter Ebony , Odibo Anthony O. , Kelly Jeannie C.
Published: June 2022

Objective To evaluate the hypothesis that patients with opioid use disorder (OUD), who receive prenatal care in a multidisciplinary, prenatal OUD clinic, have comparable postpartum breastfeeding rates, prenatal and postpartum visit compliance, and postpartum contraceptive use when compared with matched controls without a diagnosis of OUD.

Study Design This was a retrospective, matched, cohort study that included all patients who received prenatal care in a multidisciplinary, prenatal OUD clinic—Clinic for Acceptance Recovery and Empowerment (CARE)—between September 2018 and August 2020. These patients were maintained on opioid agonist therapy (OAT) throughout their pregnancy. CARE patients were matched to controls without OUD in a 1:4 ratio for mode of delivery, race, gestational age ± 1 week, and delivery date ± 6 months. The primary outcome was rate of exclusive breastfeeding at maternal discharge. Secondary outcomes included adherence with prenatal care (≥4 prenatal visits), adherence with postpartum care (≥1 postpartum visit), postpartum contraception plan prior to delivery, and type of postpartum contraceptive use. Conditional multivariate logistic regression was used to account for possible confounders in adjusted calculations.

Results A total of 210 patients were included (42 CARE and 168 matched controls). Despite having lower rates of adequate prenatal care, 40 CARE patients (95%) were exclusively breastfeeding at discharge resulting in CARE patients being significantly more likely to be breastfeeding at discharge (adjusted relative risk (aRR): 1.28, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05–1.55). CARE patients and controls demonstrated no difference in postpartum visit compliance (86 vs. 81%, aRR: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.76–1.40) or effective, long-term contraception use (48 vs. 48%; aRR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.36–1.84).

Conclusion In the setting of multidisciplinary OUD prenatal care during pregnancy, patients with OUD were more likely to be breastfeeding at the time of discharge than matched controls, with no difference in postpartum visit compliance or effective, long-term contraception.

Key Points
Operation und Therapie bei Omarthrose
Authors: Beeler Silvan , Wieser Karl
Published: June 2022

Der Begriff Arthrose bezeichnet eine degenerative Gelenkerkrankung, von der jedes Gelenk betroffen sein kann. Unter Omarthrose wird der Gelenkverschleiß des Glenohumeralgelenks verstanden. Der Beitrag bietet Ihnen ein Update zu Operationen und Physiotherapie nach Omarthrose-OP.
Decoupling VaR and regulatory capital: an examination of practitioners’ experience of market risk regulation
Authors: McCullagh Orla , Cummins Mark , Killian Sheila
Published: June 2022

The central role of Value-at-Risk (VaR) within bank market risk regulation received significant criticism from financial media and government investigations into the events of the 2007–2009 financial crisis. Impending reform of bank market risk regulation under the Fundamental Review of the Trading Book (FRTB) demotes VaR, replacing it with a layered framework centred on expected shortfall (ES). However, many of these criticisms assume full integration of internal and regulatory market risk models and further, a linear relationship between risk models and regulatory capital. We examine bank practitioners’ perspectives and experienced realities to better understand the operational relationship between internal and regulatory market risk models, and between risk models and capital. This has important policy implications for the efficacy of the reforms to banking regulation, financial stability and navigating the dichotomy of private and public interests.
Tailored nanophononic wavefield in a patterned bilayer system probed by ultrafast convergent beam electron diffraction
Authors: Bach N. , Feist A. , Möller M. , Ropers C. , Schäfer S.
Published: June 2022

Optically excited nanostructures provide a versatile platform for the generation of confined nanophononic fields with potential (non-)linear interactions between different degrees of freedom. Control of resonance frequencies and the selective excitation of acoustic modes still remains challenging due to the interplay of nanoscale geometries and interfacial coupling mechanisms. Here, we demonstrate that a semiconductor membrane patterned with a platinum stripe acts as a tailored source for high-frequency strain waves generating a multi-modal distortion wave propagating through the membrane. To locally monitor the ultrafast structural dynamics at a specific distance from the deposited metal stripe, we employ ultrafast convergent beam electron diffraction in a laser-pump/electron-probe scheme. Experimentally observed acoustic deformations are reproduced by numerical simulations in a continuous medium model, revealing a spatiotemporal evolution of the lattice dynamics dominated by local rotations with minor strain and shear contributions.
Extinction coefficient measurement of supercritical water-based multi-walled carbon nanotube nanofluids
Authors: Choi Tae Jong , Kang Seo Yeon , Jang Seok Pil
Published: June 2022

This study measured the extinction coefficients of supercritical water (SCW)-based multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanofluids by using an in-house developed chamber. A He–Ne laser with a wavelength of 632.8 nm was employed as the light source. Rod-shaped quartz with a diameter of 3 mm and a length of 305 mm was installed at the top and bottom of the chamber so that the laser could pass through the chamber. To maintain the SCW-based MWCNT nanofluids in the chamber, the chamber was designed to reach up to 400 °C and 30 MPa. Based on the experimental data, it is shown that the extinction coefficient of the SCW-based MWCNT nanofluids linearly increases within the range of the volume fraction from 0 to 0.02 vol. % and belongs to the independent scattering regime. Moreover, the enhancement of the extinction coefficient of the SCW-based MWCNT nanofluids shows promise as a working fluid for ultra-high temperature solar thermal systems, such as concentrated solar power plants.
Effect of barrier thickness on photoelectric properties of InGaN/GaN asymmetric multiple-quantum-well structure light-emitting diode
Authors: Cai Li-E. , Zhang Bao-Ping , Lin Hao-Xiang , Cheng Zai-Jun , Ren Peng-Peng , Chen Zhi-Chao , Huang Jin-Man , Cai Lin-Lin
Published: June 2022

GaN/GaInN asymmetric multiple quantum well light-emitting diodes with varying potential barrier thicknesses (5 and 15 nm) are grown by using metal organic chemical vapor deposition. The narrow barrier structure improves the performance of the device, including the super-linear increase of electroluminescence integral intensity, the mitigation of efficiency droop at high current density, the reduction of wavelength drift, the reduction of forward voltage, and the improvement of wall-plug efficiency. This is due to the narrowing of the thickness of the quantum barrier, which results in the smaller electric field among the quantum well, the weakening of the quantum confinement Stark effect, the more uniform distribution of carriers across the active region of the device, and the suppression of electron leakage.
Influence of magnetic interaction on configurational-entropy-suppressed
β
-relaxations in FeNi-based metallic glasses
Authors: Yang L. Q. , Huang B. , Yi J. , Zhang N. Z. , Geng C. , Yang Y. , Shui X. X. , Wang G.
Published: June 2022

In this article, we studied the effect of magnetic interaction on β-relaxations of FexNi72−xSi4.8B19.2Nb4 (x = 0, 10, 30, 50, 72) metallic glasses (MGs). It is found that, with the substitution of Fe by Ni, the β-relaxation changes from a shoulder to an excess wing, suggesting an entropic effect on the suppression of β-relaxation. A peak caused by ferromagnetic transformation appears in the loss modulus curve of Fe30Ni42Si4.8B19.2Nb4 MG with suppressed β-relaxation, which is sensitive to stress and strain. In addition, the β-relaxation can be further varied by annealing under a transverse or longitudinal magnetic field. The results suggest that the entropy-suppressed β-relaxation in MGs can be affected by magnetic interaction that could help to improve their mechanical properties.
A feedforward inhibitory premotor circuit for auditory–vocal interactions in zebra finches
Authors: Norton Philipp , Benichov Jonathan I. , Pexirra Margarida , Schreiber Susanne , Vallentin Daniela
Published: June 2022

Significance

During conversations, we frequently alternate between listening and speaking. This involves withholding responses while the other person is vocalizing and rapidly initiating a reply once they stop. Similar exchanges also occur in other animals, such as songbirds, yet little is known about how brain areas responsible for vocal production are influenced by areas dedicated to listening. Here, we combined neural recordings and mathematical modeling of a sensorimotor circuit to show that input-dependent inhibition can both suppress vocal responses and regulate the onset latencies of vocalizations. Our resulting model provides a simple generalizable circuit mechanism by which inhibition precisely times vocal output and integrates auditory input within a premotor nucleus.
The neural signature of the decision value of future pain
Authors: Coll Michel-Pierre , Slimani Hocine , Woo Choong-Wan , Wager Tor D. , Rainville Pierre , Vachon-Presseau Étienne , Roy Mathieu
Published: June 2022

Significance

We often willingly experience pain to reach a goal. However, potential pain can also prevent reckless action. How do we consider future pain when deciding on the best course of action? To date, the precise neural mechanisms underlying the valuation of future pain remain unknown. Using functional MRI, we derive a whole-brain signature of the value of future pain capable of predicting participants’ choices to accept pain in exchange for a reward. We show that this signature is characterized by a distributed pattern of activity with clear contributions from structures encoding reward and salience, notably the ventral and dorsal striatum. These findings highlight how the brain assigns value to future pain when choosing the best course of action.
When hands stop moving, interaction keeps going
Authors: Lepeut Alysson
Published: June 2022

This study explores moments in signed and spoken conversation when manual production is on hold and its resulting interactive ramifications. Typically, the temporal structure of gesture and sign can be decomposed into a stream of distinct manual phases. There are moments, however, when this activity is stopped. This may happen for various reasons, e.g., when seeking attention, holding the floor or during overlaps. Holds have mostly been examined in sign languages regarding prosody, syntax, and corresponding to vowel lengthening in spoken languages. In gesture studies, they have been overlooked for not deemed relevant in the gesture-speech interface. By combining contrastive and multimodal analyses, this paper examines the relevance of holds as potential meaning-making practices deployed by LSFB signers and its comparison to Belgian French speakers. In 3 hours of video-recorded material drawn from 3 multimodal corpora, the following question is addressed: what are the roles of holds in the management of interaction within and across languages/modalities? While most of linguistic work considers manual movements to express referential content, the observations here push to reconsider the common boundary set between what constitutes gestural/linguistic phenomena in one language and what does not.