bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bulbar üretroplastide dorsal ve ventral onlay bukkal mukozal greft kullanımının karşılaştırılması
Authors: BAYLAN Burhan , YİĞİTBAŞI Orhan , YALÇINKAYA Fatih , KARTAL İbrahim Güven
Published: December 2020

Amaç          Erkeklerde
üretral darlık en sık bulber üretrada gözlenmektedir. Bulber üretradaki 2 cm’ den
uzun darlıklarda, bukkal mukozal greft yerleştirilen substitüsyon
üretroplastide, greftin kullanıldığı yerin cerrahi etkilerini araştırmayı
amaçladık.Materyal Method          Kliniğimizde
2 cm’ den uzun bulbar üretral darlık nedeniyle dorsal ve ventral greft onlay
üretroplasti uygulanan hastaların
demografik ve darlık özellikleri retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Dorsal ve
ventral greft üretroplasti uygulanan gruplar başarı ve komplikasyon oranları
açısından karşılaştırıldı. İşeme şikayetlerinin olmaması ve maksimum akış hızın
15 ml/sn’ in üzerinde olması başarı kriteri olarak kabul edildi. BulgularDorsal onlay greft uygulanan
52 (%83.9), ventral onlay greft uygulanan 13 (%81.2) hastada üretroplasti ile
başarı sağlandı. Gruplar arasında anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmedi. Demografik
ve darlık özelikleri, operatif ve cerrahi sonuçlar ile komplikasyon oranları
(%14.5 ve %12.5) açısından iki grup benzerlik göstermekteydi.Sonuç

Bulbar üretral
darlıklarda; substitüsyon üretroplastide dorsal ve ventral onlay greft
yöntemleri yüksek başarı ve güvenle tercih edilebilir.
Dördüncü Sanayi Devrimi Çerçevesinde Koşulsuz Temel Gelir: Türkiye İçin Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: ERDOĞDU Mustafa , AKAR Sevda
Published: December 2020

Bu makalenin temel amacı, yoksulluğu ve gelir eşitsizliğini azaltabilecek kısmi bir çözüm olarak kabul edilen koşulsuz temel gelire (KTG) ilişkin tartışmaları değerlendirmektir. Çalışma ilk olarak gelir eşitsizliği ile neo-liberalizmin hâkim iktisat anlayış haline gelmesi arasında bir ilişki olup olmadığı sorusuna cevap aramaktadır. İkinci olarak Türkiye gibi bazı ülkelerde önemli ölçülerde artan işsizlik oranları ile derinleşen 4. Sanayi Devrimi (4. SD) arasında bir ilişki olup olmadığını sorgulamaktadır. Üçüncü olarak kapitalist bir ekonomik sistemde hiç kimseyi aç ve korunmasız bırakmayacak politikaların uygulanıp uygulanamayacağı sorusuna cevap aramakta-dır. Dördüncü olarak yukarıdaki sorulara tatminkâr cevaplar bulabilmek için makale, Brezilya, Hindistan, ABD, Kanada ve Finlandiya’dan bazı temel gelir deneylerini kısaca değerlendirmektedir. Daha sonra Türkiye’de üç alternatif KTG uygulamasının bütçe üzerinde oluşturacağı maliyetler hesaplanmaktadır. Son olarak, topluma olumlu dışsallık yayılma olasılığını arttırmak için makale mütevazı bir teorik katkıda bulunmaktadır.
Effects of IAAF Kid’s Athletics Programme on Psychological and Motor Abilities of Sedentary School Going Children
Authors: Abhaydev C. S. , Bhukar J. , Thapa R. K.
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study was to find the effects of a 12 weeks IAAF Kid’s Athletics programme on the psychological and motor fitness abilities of sedentary school-going children. Materials and methods. The study involved 40 students (age 10 to 14 years) with no previous history of systematic training. The subjects were further sub-divided based on their age, i.e. low age (10 to 11 years) and high age (13 to 14 years), and then randomly assigned to either an experimental group (Kid’s Athletics) or a control group. The psychological variables selected were stress tolerance reactive, simple motor speed, simple reaction speed, visual perception, and focused attention, whereas motor variables selected were sit and reach test, standing broad jump, 50m sprint, T-test, and 150m sprint. Tests were conducted pre-training, mid-training, and post-training for motor variables while only pre-training and post-training tests were conducted for psychological variables. Results. The two-way mixed ANOVA revealed a significant difference in all the selected variables (motor and psychological variables) in group × time interaction (p = 0.001 to <0.001) with large effect sizes. Lager effect sizes in motor fitness variables were observed after 12 weeks (ES = 2.09 to 5.72) than 6 weeks (ES = 1.92 to 3.47) when compared to baseline in the experimental group. Conclusion. The study shows that Kid’s Athletics recommended by IAAF may be considered as an effective programme to improve psychological as well as motor abilities in sedentary school-going children.
Down the Cyber Rabbit Hole: Whistleblowing as a Means to Fulfilling Moral Obligations in Cyber Space
Authors: Shaik Md Noor Alam Hazlina
Published: December 2020

This paper discourses several issues stemming from whistleblowing. These include, but are not limited to, imposition of liability for inaction in the face of wrongdoing, to scrutinising the available legislative protections for whistleblowers. This paper will also discuss whistleblowing in relation to cyber whistleblowing, which essentially means making disclosures on any misconduct that occurs on the internet. Cyber whistleblowing can provide the basic framework for combating misdeeds online, as it forms a central part of cyber security. Whistleblowing has its roots in less than desirable circumstances, often offering little to no benefit to whistleblowers involved. The act of blowing the whistle, all share common traits, to call attention too, and to punish any and all wrongdoings. Legitimising whistleblowing would enormously help to remove the stigma that is often tied to whistleblowers. This would also give rise to more voluntary whistleblowing in relation to cyber security.
The Arrangements of Online Dispute Resolution as an Alternative Resolution of the Electronic Commerce Transactions in Indonesia
Authors: Tektona Rahmadi Indra , Rachmawati Ayudya Rizqi
Published: December 2020

The article is motivated by the practical preference from conventional alternative dispute resolution to online dispute resolution as information and communication technology progresses, especially in electronic commerce. It aims to provide a concept about the fore on regulations of online dispute resolution as an alternative dispute resolution applicable to electronic commerce in Indonesia. This normative legal research which uses statute and comparative approach provides an explanation on the importance of regulating online dispute resolution so as to give legal certainty and legal protection to consumers of electronic commerce.
On the Question of Psychological Support for Occupational Reliability of Power Structures Professionals
Authors: Kubyshko V.L. , Kruk V.M. , Vakhnina V.V. , Fedotov A.Y.
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the problem of psychological support for occupational reliability as well as its nature, substance and makeup. Special consideration is given to experimental data pertaining to justification for the attainability of mental and physical characteristics that determine one's occupational reliability during professional-psychological selection as well as in course of one's professional and personal development. In studying the problem of psychological support for occupational reliability of power structures professionals we present theoretical analysis of this problem and experimental testing of its solution. Occupational reliability of a professional of a power structure is interpreted as the integral mental and physical characteristic of his/her personality which determines attaining necessary effectiveness within reasonable time and maintaining it within specified time limits. We describe the key tasks and stages of psychological support for establishing one's immunity to stress, the specifics of stress factors affecting the success in carrying out one's professional duties. Within the framework of psychological care for occupational activities of a power structure professional we also study the peculiarities in the development of his/her occupational reliability profile.
Russian Legislation of XI-XVIII Centuries on the Criminal Responsibility of Minors
Authors: Shishkov S.N. , Makushkin E.V. , Dozortseva E.G. , Badmaeva V.D. , Nutskova E.V.
Published: December 2020

The problem of juvenile criminal responsibility /liability, minimum age, and measures of influence for juvenile offenders is relevant and often becomes the subject of public discussion. However, very little is known about the history of criminal law attitudes towards minors in Russia. The purpose of the article is to analyze the development of this relationship from the beginning of Russian statehood to the 18th century. It is shown that at the initial stage in the practice of applying the criminal law to children and adolescents, the traditions of Roman law were traced, however, there was practically no legislative differentiation of adult and juvenile offenders. The turning point was the 18th century, at the beginning of which the need for such differentiation became apparent, and at the end it was implemented along with certain humanistic tendencies that reflected the ideas of the Enlightenment in Europe, including the creation of special courts to consider juvenile crimes.
RFID Kütüphane Sistemi İçin En Uygun RFID Etiketin AHP ve ANP Yöntemleriyle Belirlenmesi
Authors: YENİGÜN Ramazan , YILDIZ Aytaç , UĞUR Levent
Published: December 2020

Kitaplar gibi çok sayıda nesnenin etiketlenmesi,
tanımlanması ve sisteme işlenmesi oldukça zaman almaktadır. Radyo Frekansı ile
Tanımlama (RFID ) teknolojisi, radyo frekansını kullanarak kitapların
tanımlanması ve işlenmesi konusunda hızlı ve verimli bir yöntem sunmaktadır.
Ancak birçok RFID teknolojisi arasından en uygun olanı belirlemek içerisinde
birçok kriter barındıran karmaşık bir karar problemidir ve çok kriterli karar
verme yöntemleri kullanılarak çözülmesi fayda sağlamaktadır.  

Bu çalışmada kütüphanedeki kitapların tanımlanması ve
tüm süreçlerin kolaylaştırılması için kurulmak istenen RFID sistemi için önemli
bir bileşen olan RFID etiketleri arasından en uygun olanını seçmek
amaçlanmıştır. İlk olarak, belirlenen seçim kriterleri ve alternatiflere göre
hiyerarşik ve ağ yapıları oluşturulmuştur. Daha sonra Analitik Hiyerarşi
Prosesi (AHP) ve Analitik Ağ Prosesi (ANP) yöntemleri kullanılarak
alternatifler sıralanmıştır. Çalışma sonunda her iki yöntemden elde edilen
alternatif önem ağırlıklarına göre en uygun RFID etiketi tespit edilmiştir..
Farklı Kaynak Parametrelerinde Sürtünme Kaynağı ile Birleştirilmiş AISI304/AISI5140 Çelik Çiftlerinin Mekanik ve Mikroyapılarının Araştırılması
Authors: ÇETKİN Edip
Published: December 2020

Yapılan çalışmada 1500, 1700 ve 1900 dev/dak devirlerinde ve 4, 6 ve 8 saniye sürtünme sürelerinde, sürtünme kaynak metodu ile AISI 304 paslanmaz çeliği ile AISI 5140 çeliğin birleşimi yapılmıştır. Birleşimi yapılan çelik çiftlerinin kaynak bölgeleri ve esas malzemelerin SEM görüntüleri alınmış olup, ayrıca kaynak için önemli olan bu bölgelerin mikrosertlik ölçümleri de yapılmıştır. Son olarak ASTM E8 standardına uygun olarak hazırlanan kaynaklı numuneler çekme yüküne tabi tutulmuştur. Sonuç olarak 1900 dev/dak devirde ve 8 saniye sürtünme süresinde yapılan birleştirmelerin ara kesitinde alınan numunenin SEM görüntüsünde daha düzgün bir birleşmenin olduğu ve bunun sonucunda çekme testlerinde de en iyi sonuçlar elde edildiği görülmüştür.
TiNb-esaslı β-Ti Alaşımlarının Kristal Yapı, Mikroyapı ve Dönüşüm Sıcaklıklarına Tantal Katkısının Etkileri
Authors: ERCAN Ercan , DAĞDELEN Fethi
Published: December 2020

β-tipi Ti-esaslı alaşımlar yüksek sıcaklıktaki dayanıklılığı ve biyo-uyumluluğu sayesinde uzay sanayisi ve medikal alanlarda kullanımı yaygın olan materyallerdir. Nb ve Ta gibi düşük yoğunluklu, üstün korozyon direnci ve toksik olmayan özelliklere sahip elementler ile takviye edilmesi, β-tipi Ti-esaslı alaşımları daha da çekici hale getirmiştir. TiNb(24,5-x)Ta(x=0,1,2,3,4) (at. %) oranlarında hazırlanan alaşımların X-ışını, mikroyapı ve dönüşüm sıcaklıkları incelendi. DSC analizlerinden 5,5 oC to 41,1 oC aralığında sadece α→β ters dönüşümü gözlenmiştir. Oda sıcaklığında yapılan XRD analizleri ile DSC sonuçlarının uyumlu olduğu görülmüştür. Baskın β fazlarına karşın α fazlarının küçük miktarlar da olduğu tespit edilmiştir. β fazının baskın olması Ta ve Nb elementlerinin iyi bir β stabilizatörü olduğunu göstermiştir. Optik mikroskop görüntülerinden alaşımlardaki β fazı, taneler ve tane sınırlarının artan Ta ilavesiyle belirginleşmiştir. SEM-EDX görüntülerinden α fazının çökelti olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca EDX sonuçları ile Ta element konsatrasyonunun tane sınırlarında arttığı bulunmuştur. Alaşımların (ev⁄a) ve (cv ) oranları oda sıcaklığı altında dönüşüm sergileyen düşük değerli (ev⁄a
Toz Metalurjisi ile Üretilen Şekil Hafızalı NiTi Alaşımlarında Nb Parçacık İlavesinin Mikroyapı ve Sertlik Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: GÖKMEŞE Hakan , KARADAĞ Hakan , TANIŞ Naci
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmada, toz metalürjisi yöntemi kullanılarak NiTi esaslı şekil bellekli alaşımı üzerinde Nb alaşım elementinin etkileri araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla NiTi tozlarına ağırlıkça %1, 2 ve 4 takviye oranında Nb tozları ilave edilerek, toz karışımları hazırlanmıştır. Hazırlanan NiTi-Nb toz karışımları, gezegen (planetary) tipi öğütme cihazında 1 saat süreyle karıştırılmıştır. Toz karıştırma işlemini takiben NiTi ve NiTi-Nb toz karışımları çift etkili presleme cihazı kullanılarak, 1000MPa’ da presleme işlemine tabii tutulmuştur. Presleme işlemi sonrası deney numuneleri argon atmosferi altında, 1180°C sıcaklıkta 1 saat sinterlenmiştir. Toz malzeme ve sinterlenen deney numunelerinin mikro yapı ve faz dönüşümlerinin tespit edilmesi amacıyla, X-ışını kırınım yöntemi (XRD), element dağılım spektrometresi (EDS) ve taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) çalışmalarda kullanılmıştır. NiTi ve NiTi-Nb deney numunelerinin sertliği, Vickers (HV0.5) mikro sertlik ölçüm yöntemi kullanılarak tespit edilmiştir. Nb takviye oranın artışıyla NiTi alaşımı yoğunluk ve sertlik değerinde artış meydana geldiği belirlenmiştir.
About the holeless hymen and the way of its treatment
Authors: Gerrat F. K.
Published: December 2020

The author observed the holeless hymen among (approximately) 10,000 patients who passed through his hands four times.
Ueber Beckenneigung
Authors: Khazan S. Yu.
Published: December 2020

All previous studies on the inclination of the pelvis have the disadvantage that they were made either exclusively on the living or exclusively on corpses, and they paid attention either only to the inclination of the conj. ext. or only to the inclination of the conj. verae.
Giebt еs ein sympathisches Hanglion im menschlichen Ovarium?
Authors: Nerff U.
Published: December 2020

The author disagrees with Winterhalter on the nature of the formations he found and argues that the existence of ganglion cells in the ovary has not yet been proven.
Beiträge zur Lehre von der Ovulation, Menstruation und Conception
Authors: Khazan S. Yu.
Published: December 2020

By injecting 10% sterilized gelatin into the ovaries into the females during the free period of estrus, S. managed to induce similar estrus on the mucous membrane of the uterus.
Ueber eine bosartige Geschwulst des Chorion nebst Bemerkungen zur Anatomie der Blasenmole
Authors: Khazan S. Yu.
Published: December 2020

Four weeks after 6 normal births, a 32-year-old woman showed blood, which lasted about two months and stopped only after a handful of placental masses were removed from the uterus.
The case of uterus didelphys et vaginasepta completa
Authors: Blokh I. M.
Published: December 2020

Duct. I. Vilensk. Honey. Common September 12, 1896. P. 139) Patient 28 years old, from a healthy family, complains of infertility.
Pathology and therapy of pruritus vulvae
Authors: Nemirovskiy B. I.
Published: December 2020

(Yezhenednik, 1897 No. 4, p. 53).
About the delay of the fetal membranes in the therapeutic relationship
Authors: Mikhnov S. D.
Published: December 2020

(Botkin's Hospital Gazette. 1897, No. 7-15).
Seven celiac and two cases of removal of fibroids through the vagina
Authors: Sobustianskiy E. M.
Published: December 2020

(Protocol of the appointment of the Imperial Caucasian Medical Society, 1897, No. 18).
Two cases of the Doyen-Landau operation with an unfavorable outcome
Authors: Varnek L. N.
Published: December 2020

(Medical notes, 1897, No. 8 and 9).
A case of artificial premature birth with a generally constricted pelvis
Authors: Savanevskiy V. O.
Published: December 2020

(Medical Review, 1897, April).
Objectives of midwifery teaching
Authors: Kholmogorov S. S.
Published: December 2020

(Doctor, 1897, No. 9).
Influence of ligation of cervical arterial trunks in young age on the development of the skull and brain
Authors: Konosevich M. A.
Published: December 2020

The dressing and compression of the cervical vessels (sleepy and vertebrate), known even in ancient times, were treated differently and were subjected to the most varied interpretations during the course of a number of cases. (For those interested in the history of these operations, I refer to the article by N. Chevers, see literature). There was a time when, recognizing all the impunity of bandaging one carotid artery, the ligature of two carotids was considered an operation, inevitably leading to a lethal outcome.
N. Solovtsov. On congenital deformities of the central nervous system. — Moscow, 1899, 118 p. 80. With 14 tables of photographs and 18 figs. in the text
Authors: Geberg A.
Published: December 2020

The material for the study served the author a number of cases that were introduced by him at the autopsies in the pathological anatomical theater of the Moscow educational house. 14 cases are described in more detail, which refer either to premature babies, b. h. dead-born, fetuses (about the 8th month of pregnancy), or to children born in the normal period and after birth who have lived some, b. or m. short, time (from several hours and maximum up to 2 years).
The volume of changes in the cerebral cortex in senile dementia
Authors: Lazursky A. F.
Published: December 2020

The question of pathological - anatomical changes in the brain in old age and senile dementia has repeatedly served as the subject of numerous and sometimes very detailed studies.
G. Dotto and Е. Pusateri. "On the course of the fibers of the corpus callosum and psalterium". Annals of the Royal Psychiatric and Neuropathological Clinic of Palermo. Year 1898—99
Authors: Yanishevsky A.
Published: December 2020

The authors performed a complete re-cutting of corpus callosum in two four-month-old kittens. Part of the psalterium also got into the cut. The animals were left to live for fifteen days, during which it was impossible to detect any disorder on the part of movement, sensitivity and psyche.
Voice rehabilitation with phonatory prosthesis after total laryngectomy and pharyngolaryngectomy: comparison of functional outcomes between primary and secondary puncture
Authors: Salvador Pedro , Guimarães Joana , Monteiro Eurico
Published: December 2020

Background: Tracheoesophageal puncture (TEP) with voice prosthesis (VP) placement is considered the standard for vocal rehabilitation after total laryngectomy (TL). This study aimed to compare the success rate of primary and secondary TEP and to evaluate the impact of clinical factors on functional outcome.

Methods: A retrospective medical chart review was conducted in patients who underwent TL or pharyngolaryngectomy (PLT) and TEP. Variables collected included age, gender, comorbidities, tumor location and stage, extension of surgical resection, reconstruction, neck dissection, radiation therapy, salvage surgery, device lifetime, postoperative complications and successful voice restoration.

Results: A total of 186 patients were enrolled in this study, 164 patients (88.2%) underwent primary TEP and 22 (11.8%) secondary TEP. Successful voice rehabilitation was achieved in 76.9% of patients and there was no difference between primary and secondary TEP groups (76.2% vs. 81.8%, p=0.76). A poorer voice restoration outcome was found in patients who underwent radiation therapy (p=0.01) or salvage surgery (p=0.03). Adjuvant radiation was the only independent prognostic factor for functional success (OR=4.7, IC 95%= 1.4-15.9, p=0.04). VP related complications occurred in 65.7% of patients, with higher incidence in secondary TEP group (90.9% vs. 67.7%, p=0.03). Overall device lifetime was similar between primary and secondary groups (9.2 vs. 8.7 months, p=0.89).

Conclusions: Voice rehabilitation outcome was similar with primary and secondary TEP. However, TEP related complications were more common in secondary procedures. Primary TEP allows earlier voice restoration, avoiding a second surgical intervention. Functional success rate was poorer for patients who underwent radiation therapy.
Quality of life of tinnitus patients with and without hearing loss
Authors: Ayodele Oluyomi S. , Segun-Busari Segun Segun-Busari , Omokanye Kayodele H. , Dunmade David A. , Ologe Emmanuel F.
Published: December 2020

Background: Tinnitus is a common, irritating and often disturbing symptom. It poses big challenge to the patients’ management and affects their quality of life (QoL). Tinnitus is one of the most common otological symptoms associated with hearing loss. The aim of the study was to determine the quality of life of adult tinnitus patients and the effect presence of hearing loss has on the quality of life.

Methods: All consenting adults presenting with tinnitus with or without associated hearing loss were recruited. Sociodemographic information, clinical assessment, pure tone audiometry (PTA) and QoL assessment with Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI) were carried out. The data collected were analysed and results were presented in tables and simple chart.  

Results: The age range of participants was between 18 and 80 years with a mean age of 51.94 years±17.41. Male to female ratio was 1:1.4. The relationship between tinnitus and associated hearing loss was statistically significant with moderate hearing loss found as commonest. Sensorineural hearing loss was the commonest type found. Tinnitus was mostly described as a big problem. The relationship between the TFI scores and presence of hearing loss as well as degree of hearing loss was statistically significant.

Conclusions: Tinnitus has a significant health burden which tends to increase with co-existing hearing loss. PTA assessment and measurement of QoL should be advocated as routine for tinnitus patients no matter the cause of tinnitus and also especially among those with self-professed normal hearing.
Clinico-cytoradiological correlation with histopathology in the diagnosis of thyroid nodule
Authors: Kansara Anuj A. , Kansara Atul H.
Published: December 2020

Background: Thyroid nodules are commonly encountered in the surgical practice and accurate preoperative evaluation of thyroid disorder becomes mandatory for proper management of the patient. This study aimed to correlate preoperative FNAC and USG with postoperative histopathological diagnosis.

Methods: 50 patients who underwent surgical intervention for thyroid swelling from May 2016 to May 2017 were recruited. The study design consisted of a prospective correlation of preoperative FNAC and USG with postoperative histopathological diagnosis.  

Results: Out of 50 patients 42 were female and 8 males. Overall sensitivity for FNAC was 66.66% and specificity of 97.36% and for USG, Sensitivity was 58.33% and specificity of 94.73%.

Conclusions: FNAC and USG are an essential procedure for preoperative assessment of thyroid swelling, but malignancy can still come as a surprise in postoperative histopathological examination. A combined opinion on the nature of a thyroid swelling should be done but still, the thyroid swelling continues to be an enigma and definitive diagnosis is possible only with excision and postoperative histopathological examination.
Co-morbidities associated with various ear nose throat conditions of geriatric patients in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Kuruvilla Anoop Varghese , Vinayakumar Ariyamparambil Rajagopalan , Varghese Nevil
Published: December 2020

Background: Old age is a sensitive phase in which lack of awareness regarding the changing behavioural patterns leads to major physiological and psychological problems. This emphasizes the need for a study on the co-morbidities associated with ENT conditions among geriatric population presented in a tertiary care hospital.

Methods: A discrete study was done among the elder patients (≥65 years) admitted in ENT department. Detailed history was taken regarding their co-morbidities and health problems using questionnaire. Feedback of these patients with respect to their ENT conditions as well as co-morbidities was recorded during hospital stay and subsequent follow-upin ENT outpatient department. Opinion of general physician, neurologist, cardiologist was sought and advices followed for management of co-morbidities. The prevalence of co-morbidities and health problems were subjected to statistical analysis.

Results:  A total of 141 patients (90 male and 51 female) were included in the study. The most common ENT associated illness for the admission was epistaxis (23/141, 16.3%) and vocal cord pathology (23/141,16.3%). The most common associated co-morbidities were hypertension (54/141, 38.2%) and type 2 diabetes (51/141, 36.17%). Symptomatic improvement and patient satisfaction with treatment offered were higher with adequate management of co-morbidity.

Conclusions: The most common ENT associated illness for the admission was epistaxis and vocal cord pathology which was associated with hypertension and type 2 diabetes. Better control of these co-morbidities improves treatment outcome as well as patient satisfaction, trust with medical field.
The mini osteoplastic flap for eroded anterior table: case report
Authors: Munjal Manish , Rishi Porshia , Sidhu Harjinder , Rishi Ojassvi , Munjal Shubham , Talwar Shivam , Sharma Salony
Published: December 2020

Trans-nasal Endoscopic access to the frontal sinus is in vogue now a days with advancements imaging modalities and availability of angled instrumentation. The external osteoplastic flap approach to the frontal sinus is still applicable in failed endoscopic procedures, laterally placed pathologies or eroded anterior or posterior tables. We discuss an intriguing patient with chronic dull ache over the forehead being treated with a mini osteoplastic flap technique. There is no single approach that has been able to fulfil the criteria for the modality of choice in terms of excellent results, no recurrence or residual disease, minimal morbidity, short hospital stays, uneventful long-term postoperative course, and good cosmesis in cases of extensive disease involvement. The main objective of this study was to study the outcome of external frontal sinus osteoplastic flap approach in terms of intraoperative disease clearance for extensive frontal sinus lesions beyond the scope of endoscopic excision.  
Post radiotherapy, blue naevus conversion to basal cell carcinoma
Authors: Munjal Manish , Sood Sandhya , Rishi Porshia , Sidhu Harjinder , Munjal Shubham , Talwar Shivam , Sharma Salony , Garg Avantika
Published: December 2020

Post-radiation conversion of benign cutaneous lesions to malignant is likely in the facial region. Thereby counselling and necessity of regular follow up is essential in patients undergoing radiotherapy in head and neck malignancies. Benign lesions undergo malignant change more so in the fascio cutaneous planes. A benign nasomaxillary blue naevus that transformed to malignant basal cell carcinoma following radiotherapy for pituitary adenoma is being reported.
Smell and taste abnormalities: early clinical biomarkers for isolating the positive cases in COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Swain Santosh Kumar
Published: December 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease of the respiratory tract caused by a novel virus called severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-Co-2). It primarily spread human to human by droplets which carry virus. The common clinical presentations of the COVID-19 patients are fever, cough, fatigue, gastrointestinal symptoms and dyspnea. Smell and taste abnormalities have recently documented among patient with COVID-19 infection which hypothesize that olfactory mucosa and oral cavity mucosal lining possess SARS-CoV-2 virus. Some COVID-19 patients are also presenting with isolated smell and taste disturbances even without any other respiratory symptoms. Currently there is no effective treatment available for COVID-19 infections. So screening, early diagnosis and isolations are essential in this pandemic. Identifying the early symptoms in COVID-19 patient is priority now in health care system. In COVID-19 pandemic, patient presenting with loss of smell and taste should initiate home isolation and social distancing for avoiding further spread of this disease. This can be confirmed by diagnostic test such as reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) when available. Sudden onset of smell/olfactory and taste/gustatory dysfunctions should be considered in routine work up and screening of the patients with COVID-19 infection. This review article focuses on the smell and taste abnormalities among COVID-19 patient which will surely increase the awareness among the front liner clinicians and help them for early diagnosis of the patient and their management.
Clinical patterns and epidemiological characteristics of dermatophyte infection in Malwa region of Punjab
Authors: Gupta Anu , . Alisha , Saini Ramgopal , Kaur Sandeep
Published: December 2020

Background: Although dermatophytes are found throughout the world, the most prevalent strains and the most common sites of infection vary by region. Hot, humid climates and overcrowding predispose populations to skin diseases; including tinea infections. This study highlights the clinical pattern and epidemiological characteristics of dermatophyte infection in the Malwa region of Punjab.

Methods: A cross sectional prospective study was carried out over a period of two years depending on pre-structured questionnaire on a total of 272 patients clinically suspected cases with dermatophyte infection. Socio-demographic and clinical information was collected and sample was taken. The collected samples were subjected to direct microscopy with potassium hydroxide and cultured on Sabourauds dextrose agar to identify the fungal species

Results: A total of 272 patients were included in the study in which 147 were males and 125 were females. Occupation wise housewives were the most affected group constituting 114 cases. Tinea corporis was the most common type found in 159 cases and Trichophyton mentagrophytes was the most common isolated fungi. Maximum number of dermatophyte cases was in the age group of 21-30 years with 69 cases.

Conclusions: In current research we observed that hot and humid environment of Malwa region of Punjab increases the prevalence of fungal infection especially in the month of June to September and the occupation of people also plays an important role in prevalence of infection. We also observed that dermatophyte fungal infection is more common in adult males as compare to females.
Demand-Supply Balance of the Nitrogen Nutrients Converted from Regional Agricultural Organic Wastes for Agricultural Utilization
Authors: Zhou Qingsheng , Qu Kaige , Zhang Yangzi , Deng Jie , Wang Wanjing
Published: December 2020

To promote the recycling of agricultural organic wastes (AOWs), e.g., crop straws, and livestock and poultry (LP) manures, it is very important to analyze the demand-supply balance of the nitrogen nutrients converted from AOWs for agricultural utilization on a regional basis. Focusing on Shangshui County in central China’s Henan Province, this paper thoroughly analyzes this demand-supply balance through literature query and field survey. Firstly, the amount of nitrogen nutrients converted from the crop straws, and LP manures were calculated for the study area. Next, the demand for nitrogen nutrients of agricultural planting in the study area was estimated based on the soil properties and agricultural planting area. Based on the calculation results, the demand-supply balance of the nitrogen nutrients converted from AOWs for agricultural utilization in the study area was subject to quantitative analysis. The results show that: In 2017, the agricultural planting in Shangshui County demanded 35.16 kilotons of nitrogen nutrients; the total supply of nitrogen nutrients converted from AOWs stood at 25.86 kilotons, including 12.41 kilotons from crop straws (47.99%) and 13.45 kilotons (52.01%) from LP manures; the demand-supply ratio (amount of demand/supply quantity) of nitrogen nutrients was 1.36, that is, the demand surpassed the supply; therefore, the nitrogen nutrients provided by the AOWs in the study area can be fully utilized by the agricultural soil in the region.
Polychronous zircons of volcanics of the Navysh complex of the Lower Riphean Ai Formation (Southern Urals)
Authors: Krasnobaev Artur A. , Puchkov Victor N. , Sergeeva Nina D. , Busharina Sofia V.
Published: December 2020

The volcanics of the Navysh complex of the Lower Riphean Ai Formation in the Southern Urals are well studied petrochemically and dated by several methods. In 2013 zircons from a trachybasalt porphyrite (sample 2152) gave a concordant SHRIMP date 1752±11 Ma, which was used as a fundamental for the lower boundary of the Riphean with no special arguments against it. The later attempts to repeat this date for the Navysh volcanics were not successful: the collected zircons were either more ancient (> 2500 Ma), or more young (< 500 Ma). From the beginning, the zircons with such ages were regarded as xenogenic or secondary metasomatic, or belonging to paleozoic dykes intruding the Riphean volcanics. However, the clearly expressed mineralogical properties of the Paleozoic zircons and their frequent presence in volcanics, not dykes, led to a conclusion that the zircons and Navysh volcanics, containing them, and exposed within the area of development of the Ai Formation, are polychronous. To support this conclusion, the authors studied in more detail the zircons of the Navysh trachybasalts, developed in the Ai Formation.
The main conclusion, obtained from this new data, was that the volcanics attributed to the Navysh complex, form a polychronous system, including both the Lower Riphean (1750 Ma) and Paleozoic (450 Ma) rocks. The zircons of these age groups differ in their mineralogical and geochemical properties supporting the idea that they belong to different primary sources which may be due to repeating plume processes, which partly reanimated – heated and melted-rocks of the previous cycle and/or created new sources of melts.
Factors of gas accumulations formation in oil-bearing sediments and in casing annulus of wells
Authors: Khasanov Rinat R. , Safuanov Rinat I. , Sudakov Vladislav A. , Khassanov Damir I. , Ganiev Bulat G. , Lutfullin Azat A. , Aflyatunov Rinat R.
Published: December 2020

Gas component study is one of the important tasks of petroleum geology. Gas component can exist in various forms in sedimentary rocks. Of great interest is nitrogen, the gaseous accumulations of which are formed in oil-bearing strata, causing complications during the oilfield development. The problem of abnormal nitrogen accumulations had great relevance in the fields of the Volga-Ural petroleum province, which is one of the long-term developed with a large stock of wells for various purposes.
This article discusses possible sources of gaseous nitrogen and the reasons for its accumulations in oil-bearing reservoirs. The main purpose of the article is to clarify the reasons for the gaseous nitrogen and its deposits formation. The main patterns of the areal distribution of nitrogen gas accumulations in oil-bearing strata are revealed on the basis of field, hydrogeological, geological and geophysical researches data analysis. It has been established that during the gas caps formation, the source of gaseous nitrogen is its dissolved compounds in groundwater and oil, biochemical decomposition of which leads to the dissolved molecular nitrogen accumulation in a liquid medium.
The release of free gaseous nitrogen and the formation of its accumulations is associated with the decompression of formation waters for natural (geological) or man-made reasons (hydrocarbons extraction). Disturbance of the natural hydrodynamic regime in oil-bearing formations leads to the release of gaseous nitrogen and the formation of its accumulations under favorable conditions (the presence of reservoirs, structures and impermeable rocks in the top of the formation).
Inferior Gluteal Nerve Injury Due to Intramuscular Injection
Authors: FİDANCI Halit , ÖZTÜRK İlker , ARLIER Zülfikar
Published: December 2020

Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical features of the inferior gluteal nerve (IGN) injury due to intramuscular (IM) injection.

Material and Methods: Patients with clinical and electrodiagnostic features of the sciatic nerve (SN) and possible IGN injuries due to IM injection were included in this retrospective study. The presence of an IGN injury was considered in patients with weakness in the gluteus maximus (GM) muscle or in those who demonstrated needle electromyography (EMG) abnormality in the GM muscle.

Results: There were 44 (95.6%) patients with an SN injury only, 1 (2.2%) patient with both an SN and an IGN injury, and 1 (2.2%) patient with an IGN injury only. The complaints of the patient with an IGN injury only occurred within hours to days after the IM injection; this patient had no muscle weakness. The complaints of the patient with both IGN and SN injuries occurred minutes to hours after IM injection; this patient had mild weakness in the plantar flexion of the foot. In 40 of the patients with only an SN injury, complaints occurred immediately after or within a few seconds following the IM injection, while complaints occurred within minutes to hours in the remaining 4 patients.

Conclusion: Although rare when compared to SN injury, the IGN can be injured by IM injection. Therefore, the GM muscle should be examined with needle EMG in patients with complaints associated with IM injection. Muscle weakness may not occur in nerve injuries due to IM injections.
A Rare Cause of Female Gender Dysphoria: Report of Three Cases with Low Percentage of Turner Mosaicism
Authors: ERİŞEN KARACA Seda , ERÖZ Recep , ARSLANOĞLU İlknur
Published: December 2020

Gender dysphoria is a condition caused by a mismatch between the gender assigned at birth and gender identity. Gender development disorders include situations where congenital chromosomal, gonadal, or anatomically gender-related physical features are atypical. In the studies conducted mostly by karyotype analysis, it is reported that the rate of chromosomal abnormality is very low in people with gender dysphoria. In Turner mosaicism, gender dysphoria is not a common finding. In this case series, we examined the phenotype and genotype characteristics of the three cases identified as Turner mosaicism, who applied with gender dysphoria. The patients’ complaints were feeling like a male, negative thoughts about being a female, being uncomfortable with feminine body image, wanting to have a male body. None of our 3 cases had Turner stigmata however their chromosomal or FISH analyses showed that one of them was 45,X/46 XX/47,XXX and two of them were 45 X/46 XX karyotype.
Ocular Pathologies in Children with Mental Retardation: A Prospective Study
Authors: ARICAN Nurdan , TUNÇ Murat
Published: December 2020

Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the ocular pathologies in mentally retarded pediatric patients without Down syndrome or any certain chromosomal-genetic anomaly.

Material and Methods: A total of 189 patients, including 79 mental retarded and 110 healthy children, were included in this study between 2010 and 2011. Demographic factors (age, gender) of the patients, and affected side, visual acuity, esotropia, exotropia, anterior segment pathologies and posterior segment pathologies were evaluated. All pediatric patients in study group were divided as IQ level 70 according to Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised Form.

Results: The mean age of the children with mental retardation was 11.85±6.19 (3-17) years, while the mean age of healthy children was 10.73±3.35 (3-15) years. While visual impairment was present in 8 of the 74 patients whose vision was evaluated, there was no impairment in the healthy group (p=0.001 and p=0.004 for right and left, respectively). Anterior segment pathology was detected in 2 (2.5%) cases, and posterior segment pathology in 3 (3.8%) cases in children with low IQ. While strabismus was detected in 7 (8.9%) patients with low IQ, no strabismus was found in healthy children. Five (6.3%) of the cases with mental retardation had exotropia and 2 (2.5%) had esotropia. Exotropia was found significantly higher in children with mental retardation compared to the control group (p=0.012).

Conclusion: Visual impairment, anterior-posterior segment pathology, exotropia had a high prevalence in children with mental retardation, and all ocular pathologies were related to low intellectual disability.
Single-parenting influence on child’s academic performances at MutareJunior School, Zimbabwe
Authors: Muhle Tendai Caithness
Published: December 2020

The economic hardship that has plagued Zimbabwe has led to a shift from the traditionally intact family to a single-parenthood family. Many factors lead to single parenthood including divorce, separation of all kinds and deaths. Single parenthood negatively impacts on students’ academic development. The researcher explored influences of Single-Parenthood to Academic-Performances (AP) of Grade 6 and 7 students at Mutare Junior School in the Manical and Region of Zimbabwe. The researcher used ‘cross-sectional study design’ to collect data using criterion attainment tests, ‘the Wide Range Achievement Test Level 1 (WRAT-1)’ on 80 students under controlled situations having 40 Single-Parent-Homes (SPH)and 40Double-Parent-Homes (DPH)students. School-established examinations complemented data from theWRAT-1 outcome. Tables and ‘T-tests’ were used for analysis of data. Results revealed children from DPH performing statistically better on the criterion test than those from SPH (t = −4.928, significance value 0.05). The results also indicated males performing better than females both from SPH on the criterion test (t = −4.196, significance value 0.05). In future, research should focus on different single-parent homes to AP.
 
Keywords: Academic performance, influence, pupils, school, single parenting.
Thalassemia Phenotypes and Associated Mortality among Yemeni Patients: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Thaker A.A. Abdulrahman  , Ali Alhaj  , Mokhtar E.M. Saif
Published: December 2020

Objective: To retrospectively analyze thalassemia phenotypes and associated mortality among Yemeni patients seeking healthcare in Sana’a city, Yemen.

Methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in the medical center of Yemen Society for Thalassemia and Genetic Blood Disorders (YSTGBD) in Sana'a city from January 2010 to December 2016. Data about gender, age, governorate of origin, type of thalassemia and thalassemia-related mortality were retrieved from the records of 496 thalassemia patients. Data were then entered into an Excel spreadsheet, cross-checked for accuracy and presented as frequencies and proportions. Factors associated with deaths among thalassemia patients were analyzed using chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests.

Results: A total number of 496 patients attended the medical center of YSTGBD in Sana’a city in the period from January 2010 to December 2016. The majority of thalassemia patients were males (57.9%), and approximately half of the patients were aged 10 years or younger with a comparable proportion to those older than 10 years. Most thalassemia patients had β-thalassemia (92.7%), while 7.3% had α-thalassemia. The majority of patients were from Hajjah governorate (16.5%) followed by those from Sana'a (13.1%) and Amran (11.9%), while lower proportions ranging from 0.2% to 8.1% were recorded for patients from other governorates. Thirty out of the total attending thalassemia patients died, and mortality was significantly associated with recurrent transfusions of whole blood but not with the gender and age of the patients or thalassemia phenotype.

Conclusions: The majority of thalassemia patients seeking healthcare in Sana’a city suffer from thalassemia, where males represent more than half of them and the patients are almost equally distributed in relation to the cut-off age of 10 years. The mortality incidence among Yemeni thalassemia patients seeking healthcare is lower than that reported elsewhere in the world, and mortality was significantly associated with recurrent blood transfusions. Further studies to identify the genetic abnormalities associated with thalassemia are recommended together with the need for the launch of a national center for counseling, research and supervision of voluntary activities related to thalassemia and genetic blood disorders in Yemen.

Keywords: Thalassemia, Phenotype, Mortality, Yemen
Endüstriyel Uygulamalarda Güneş Enerjisinden Termal Olarak Yararlanma
Authors: KOÇAK Burcu , PAKSOY Halime
Published: December 2020

Endüstride güneş enerjisi kullanımı ile fosil yakıtlara bağımlılık azalırken, verimlilik ve rekabet gücü artabilmektedir. Güneş enerjisinin endüstriyel uygulamalarda ekonomik olarak uygulanabilmesi için termal enerji depolama (TED) sistemlerinin kullanımı gereklidir. TED sistemleri endüstride güneş enerjisi uygulamalarının verimliliğini artırmaktadır. Endüstriyel uygulamalarda TED sistemlerinin performansı kullanılan teknolojiye, endüstriyel süreç türüne ve uygulama sıcaklık aralığına bağlıdır. Bu çalışmada güneş enerjisi endüstriyel uygulamaları ve TED sistemleri ele alınmıştır. Güneş enerjisinin ve TED sistemlerinin entegre edilebileceği endüstriyel prosesler, güneş enerjisi teknolojileri, bunların sürdürülebilirlikleri araştırılmıştır. Süt pastörizasyon prosesi örnek alınarak, güneş enerjisi ve TED sistemi entegrasyonu incelenmiştir. Yıkıntı atıklarından geliştirilen duyulur ısı depolama malzemeleri ile dolu TED sistemi entegrasyonunda %52,5 verim sağlanabileceği tespit edilmiştir.
Killi Zeminlerin Donma-Çözülme Davranışlarında Cam Atık Çamurunun Etkisi
Authors: MAHMUTLUOĞLU Barış , BAĞRIAÇIK Baki
Published: December 2020

Son yıllarda, atık malzemelerin ekosistem için ciddi bir tehlike oluşturması sebebiyle, birçok sektör, bu malzemelerin farklı alanlarda kullanılabilirliğini sorgulamaya başlamıştır. Bu bağlamda, araştırmacılar, atıkların zemin iyileştirme uygulamalarında da değerlendirilebileceğini, yapmış oldukları çalışmalarla vurgulamışlardır. Cam atık çamuru (CAÇ) ise, cam üretimi için kullanılan hammaddenin işlenmesi sırasında ortaya çıkan bir atıktır. Bu atık, doğada ciddi miktarlarda birikmektedir. Literatürde, bu atığın kullanılmasına yönelik çalışmalar çok kısıtlıdır. Bu çalışmada ise, cam atık çamuru (CAÇ) ve çimentonun (ÇMT), kil bir zeminin dayanım ve konsolidasyon parametrelerine etkisi, donma-çözülme davranışı altında araştırılmıştır. Donma-çözülme etkisi altında, CAÇ ilavesiyle, kil zeminin daha kararlı bir hale geldiği, zeminin dayanım parametrelerinin arttığı ve konsolidasyon davranışlarında ise iyileşmelerin olduğu gözlenmiştir. Buna ilaveten, çimento eklenmesi ile de, bu iyileşmelerin daha da arttığı görülmüştür.