bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Virtual reality for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: insights from a scoping review
Authors: Alabdulmohsen Dalal M. , Alabdulmohsen Suha M.
Published: February 2025

Recent advances in virtual reality (VR) technology have made it possible to use VR in healthcare settings to improve patient care and rehabilitation, with promising results in various clinical applications. This study aims to review the existing literature exploring the applications and potential benefits of VR for individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A search of six databases, including PubMed, Medline, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Ebsco, and ProQuest, was conducted to identify different studies exploring various VR applications for COPD patients. The search, updated in November 2024, yielded 2835 results, from which 18 diverse studies on this topic were included. The 18 publications included in the qualitative analysis were published in 2019-2024. These studies included 6 systematic reviews and meta-analyses, 4 mixed-methods studies, 3 observational studies, 3 conference papers, and 2 clinical trials. Among these, 11 studies investigated the efficacy of VR-assisted training in enhancing lung function, exercise endurance, and physical activity levels in COPD patients. Additionally, 7 studies explored the impact of VR on depression, anxiety, and stress levels in patients with COPD. Lastly, 8 studies assessed the acceptability, usability, or feasibility of this technology for COPD patients. In conclusion, the studies revealed that VR interventions led to positive outcomes for COPD patients, improving physiotherapeutic parameters, quality of life, and psychological well-being. Patients found VR programs acceptable and easy to use, increasing motivation and adherence to treatment. Further research is needed to assess VR's long-term effectiveness in reducing exacerbation and hospitalization rates for compliant COPD patients.
Expert opinion on management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome in India
Authors: Rao G. Prasad , Shah Nilesh , Jagadish A.
Published: February 2025

Alcohol dependence is an escalating and pervasive problem worldwide. Alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) is a distressing condition, occurring due to abrupt discontinuation of alcohol in alcohol dependents. It is a common management problem encountered in general hospital settings. The symptoms of AWS range from mild to severe. Proper diagnosis and choice of an appropriate drug regimen for AWS play a key role in effective management. Severe complicated alcohol withdrawal may present with hallucinations, seizures, or delirium tremens. Benzodiazepines (BZDs), considered as the gold standard, have the largest evidence base as treatment for alcohol withdrawal. Other management strategies include use of essential vitamins (as supportive care), anticonvulsants, barbiturates, adrenergic drugs, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) agonists. Chlordiazepoxide is an effective long-acting benzodiazepine agent and offers a slight advantage over other BZDs. The present review aims to provide an evidence-based consensus on management algorithm for AWS according to the Indian clinical scenario.
Conceptual Gap between Education and Literacy in Health Sciences Studies
Authors: Allah Kalteh Ehsan , Lotfi Mohammad Hassan , Akhondi Hossein , Izadi Shahin
Published: February 2025

This article explores the distinction between education and literacy, emphasizing their close yet separate meanings. Education typically refers to formal schooling and academic qualifications, while literacy now includes a wider range of skills beyond basic reading and writing, such as digital, financial, and health literacy. Education is achieved through structured learning environments and results in certifications, whereas literacy involves the application of knowledge to effect significant changes in one’s life. Effective learning brings about stable changes in behavior, unlike temporary shifts due to external factors. The article argues that true literacy depends on various societal factors, including supportive families, well-equipped schools, and community resources. Despite this, many individuals receive degrees without attaining comprehensive literacy. In epidemiological research, addressing bias and confounding variables is crucial. Bias, such as misclassification bias, can skew results by misrepresenting data. Confounding occurs when an external variable influences both exposure and outcome, potentially distorting the observed relationships. Residual confounding may persist despite adjustments, highlighting the need for accurate indicators. The article questions the validity of using educational level as a proxy for literacy, suggesting it may not fully capture literacy’s complexity and introduce residual confounding.
Relationship between Haematological Parameters and Cerebral Blood Flow Velocities in Sickle Cell Anaemia Children Seen At A Tertiary Hospital In Imo State
Authors: Chinasa Dr EZEUKO Lilian , Magdalene E Dr ODUNVBUN , Patience Dr IKEJIAKU Udochikwuka , Ifeanyi Dr IKE Innocent , Adaku Dr ANTHONY-EWEPUTANNA  Sylvia Adaku , Chibueze Dr. KAWA Alaoma , Patience Dr. EZERIOHA Ogechi , Chukwuma Dr. EZEUKO Vitalis
Published: February 2025

Background: Sickle Cell Anaemia (SCA) is a chronic haemolytic state associated with recurrent blood transfusions, infections and its attendant complications. The study compared the relationship between cerebral artery blood flow velocities(CBFV), steady state packed cell volume and white blood cell counts of male and female SCA children aged 2-16 years seen at Federal Teaching Hospital Owerri, Imo state.
Methods: Transcranial Doppler ultrasound, haematology test(Packed cell volume and white blood cell count) were done for SCA children that attended the sickle cell specialist clinic of the hospital between April and September 2023.
Results: A total of 102 subjects were screened within the study period. The mean packed cell volume was statistically significantly lower in males than females (p= 0.010). There was no difference in the mean white cell count in both genders. Abnormal CBFV was found in17.6% of subjects
Conclusion: The prevalence of abnormal cerebral blood flow velocity in SCA children is 17.6%. Identification of subjects at risk for a CVA helped in primary prevention by prompt therapy institution.
Keywords:Sickle cell anaemia, cerebral artery blood flow velocities packed cell volume, white blood cell count.
Which type of obesity benefits most from endoscopic intragastric balloon application?
Authors: Şahin Azad Gazi , Alçı Erman
Published: February 2025

Objectives: As obesity poses significant health risks, exploring minimally invasive treatments like intragastric balloons becomes crucial for enhanced accessibility and efficacy in managing this pervasive public health challenge. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Intragastric Balloon (IGB) application in weight reduction across various degrees of obesity, providing a comprehensive assessment of its efficacy.
Methods: A total of 187 patients with a BMI >30 kg/m2 underwent IGB application and were categorized into three groups based on the degree of obesity. Statistical analyses were conducted to assess weight loss, excess weight loss, and BMI reduction, focusing on the impact of IGB therapy in different degrees of obesity.
Results: IGB application demonstrated significant efficacy in weight reduction across all degrees of obesity. Notably, the highest rates of excess weight loss were observed in patients with Class 1 obesity. Gender-specific analysis revealed variations in the response to IGB therapy, with females exhibiting higher success rates.
Conclusions: The findings of this study highlight the efficacy of IGB application in achieving weight loss, emphasizing its effectiveness across different degrees of obesity. The notable success in Class 1 obesity underscores the potential of IGB as an effective treatment modality.
In vitro Evaluation of Antiviral Efficacy of Himachali Pahari Cattle Urine against Canine Parvovirus
Authors: Ravi Himani , Dhar Prasenjit , Awasthi Ankita , Verma Subhash , Bharadwaj Monika , Chahota Rajesh
Published: February 2025

Background: Canine Parvovirus is a common virus found amongst canines and felines species causing severe gastroenteritis. Many inactivated and live attenuated vaccines have been introduced till now, the emergence of new antigenic variants have raised concerns regarding the efficacy of commercial vaccines. As no specific antiviral therapy has been introduced till date and only symptomatic treatment is done. Therefore, there is need to find alternatives to cure for CPV related issues. According to Ayurveda, cow urine has already been proven effective against various diseases having antibacterial, antifungal, anthelminthic, anticancer property etc, but it has not been tested for its antiviral property till now thus in this study we, have focussed on using Himachali Pahari cattle urine to test its antiviral effects against CPV. Methods: CPV was confirmed through PCR from faecal samples of diarrhoeic dogs presented to the clinics and was adapted to MDCK cells and different preparations (Raw urine, Cow urine distillates (CUD) and Extracts) of Pahari pregnant and Pahari non pregnant cattle urine were tested at different concentration for cytotoxicity on MDCK cells and final safest concentration was used further against TCID50 value of CPV. Result: The results showed that raw urine was found to be cytotoxic at minimum concentration used and CUD of Pahari pregnant urine were found to be effective. Extracts of both the Pahari pregnant and Pahari non pregnant urine were found to be ineffective against CPV. Pahari pregnant urine distillates (CUD) was found to have mild antiviral effects against CPV as it reduces some virus titre and further studies need to be done for its substantial efficacy.
The Structural Pattern Of The Interrogative Sentence Between The Original And Its Abandonment/ النمط التركيبي لجملة الاستفهام بين الأصل والعدول عنه
Authors: Almalki Mohammed Abdullah
Published: February 2025

The research aims to reveal the structural pattern of the interrogative sentence in the Arabic language, its characteristics compatible with the origin of linguistic use, and the manifestations of its transformation into other patterns that contradict that origin and are grammatically permissible. Because the large number of permissible grammatical images leads to difficulty for learners in understanding them, he relied on the descriptive doctrine based on collecting the statements of grammarians in describing the structure of the interrogative sentence and restricting the grammatical rulings to how the sentence is constructed. He collected data from Arabic grammar books across different eras, describing interrogative forms with examples. The research clarified the components of the interrogative sentence, the way they are arranged in the sentence, and the associated grammatical provisions that impact the form of the spoken or written sentence, whether related to deletion or separation of the components of the sentence or otherwise. The research aims to provide grammatically acceptable images of the interrogative sentence in a concentrated form in one template for the language learner to benefit from while speaking or writing and to understand what he reads or hears.
Students' Satisfaction and Self-Efficacy in Arabic Teacher Education Using SPACE and Zoom Platforms in Education 5.0.
Authors: Raswan Raswan , Wahab Muhbib Abdul , Qodri Muhammad , Mustar Mustar , Busri Hasan
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the levels of satisfaction and self-efficacy among student-teachers enrolled in the Arabic Teacher Professional Education Program, focusing on the impact of SPACE and Zoom-based online learning environments within the context of the 5.0 era. Understanding how these changes affect teacher preparation is crucial as educational paradigms shift towards more technologically integrated methods. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, data were collected from 82 student-teachers at LPTK Islamic University in Jakarta, Indonesia, through surveys and interviews. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, while qualitative data underwent thematic analysis. The findings indicate high levels of satisfaction and self-efficacy among participants, with Zoom-based learning showing a slightly higher preference over SPACE-based learning. Factors contributing to these outcomes include the flexibility, accessibility, and interactive nature of the online platforms. However, students were found to be less familiar with Learning Management Systems (LMS), which impacted their motivation to develop advanced productive skills in speaking and writing. The study underscores the importance of leveraging advanced technological tools to enhance teacher training programs and recommends comprehensive training and tutorials for student teachers. Additionally, it suggests that educators assign productive tasks, particularly in speaking and writing scientific articles in Arabic, to optimize online learning experiences in the era of Education 5.0. These insights are invaluable for policymakers, educators, and institutions that foster effective and adaptive teacher education models.
The Issue Of Arabic Speaking Skills Among Malay Learners: What Is Missing?
Authors: Che Haron Sueraya Binti , Abdullah Nurazzelena , Haron Sabrina Che , Mohamed Mokhtar Mohd Ieruwan
Published: February 2025

The persistent challenges Malay learners face in acquiring Arabic speaking skills have been extensively studied for decades, yet practical solutions remain elusive. Previous research has approached this issue with the intent of solving it from various angles, including curriculum design, teaching methodologies, learning strategies, and extracurricular activities involving both educators and students, yet the problem persists essentially unchanged. This paper adopts a novel approach by examining the gaps in our efforts to address the issue. It seeks to identify where our strategies falter, what crucial elements are lacking, and where we should begin anew. Embracing the notion that returning to Arabic tradition may offer valuable insights, this study delves into Ibn Khaldun's concept of "malakah," which provides a nuanced discussion of Arabic language instruction. This approach inherently emphasizes the practical dimension of language acquisition. The study underscores the deficiencies in current approaches and proposes pragmatic solutions to bridge the gap.
Different Uses of the Conjunction Fa In The Arabic Language
Authors: Kocabıyık Halil İbrahim , Açar Yeliz
Published: February 2025

The letter fā is widely used in Arabic after the letter wāw and has many meanings. This letter has no exact equivalent in Turkish. It gains meaning according to the position in which it is used. Knowing the meanings of this letter, in general, will contribute to the correct understanding of sentences and texts. The letter fā can be called both a preposition and a conjunction since it is one of the ḥurūf al-maʿānī (meaning letters) and establishes a connection between words and sentences. This study mentions the places where the letter fā is used as a conjunction, such as linking words and sentences together as the letter of attribution, expressing causation, and linking conditional and punitive sentences together. In addition, the cases where this letter comes as zā’id /supplemental/extra and other uses of this letter are also included. When the letter fā is used in the ʿaṭf/attributive function, it expresses a familiar role between “maʻṭūf” and “maʻṭūf ʿalayh”, “tartīb/arrangement” and “taʿqīb/succession”. The letter fā can also indicate cause in addition to tartīb and taʿqīb. In this case, the part before fā becomes the cause of the part after it. In addition, in some cases, this letter can express mere cause without the function of attribution. These cases are as follows: When the letter fā comes after an imperative verb, a prohibition (النهي), a question (الاستفهام), a negation (النفي), a request (العرض), an encourage (التحضيض), a wish expression (التمني), and a hope (الترجِّي).
The Semantic And Rhetorical Effects Of The Difference In Grammatical Aspects In The Qur’anic Sentence/ الآثار الدلالية والبلاغية لاختلاف الوجوه الإعرابية في الجملة القرآنية
Authors: El-Sharkawy Mohammed Shehata Abdel-Hamid , Mohamed Abdelkarim Ahmed Maghawry , Bakhet Mohamed Ibrahim Mohamed , Issa Koussoube , Salem Elsayed Mohamed
Published: February 2025

This study discusses the variations in Arabic grammatical parsing in Surah Al-Imran and its semantic and rhetorical effects. This study aims to show the close relationship between parsing, meaning, and rhetoric by examining verses with various grammatical interpretations and the vast semantic range in Arabic, especially in the Quran. We can obtain extraordinary and profound meanings from changes in vowel marks, pauses, or specific interpretations; this research has numerous examples. The importance of this study lies in understanding and reflecting on the Quran and understanding its meaning through the science of Quranic parsing, adding new meanings through variations in parsing. The researchers used the inductive analysis method in this study, and the study results showed that the science of grammar and parsing are the foundations that build the Arabic language. Understanding the verses of the Quran, explaining their meanings, and explaining the connotations and rhetorical aspects intended requires knowledge of parsing and differences in parsing lead to differences in meaning.
Understanding The Meaning Of Mathal In Kalilah Wa Dimnah Using Malay Proverb
Authors: Tuan Mat Nik Norimah , Abd Rahman Noor Eliza , Che Mat Azman
Published: February 2025

Translating figurative language in literary work is not an easy task. Mathal is a figurative language in Arabic that is used widely in Arabic literary works. This paper intends to analyze the translation of mathal in Kalilah wa Dimnah to Malay and examine the equivalence meaning of mathal with Malay proverbs. This is a qualitative study using the content analysis method. The research material of this study is the Arabic literary work, namely Kalilah wa Dimnah. Nine (9) samples of data were chosen purposively from the book. This study aims to analyze the translation of mathal in Kalilah wa Dimnah based on metaphor translation strategies proposed by Newmark (1988). To find the equal Malay proverbs with similar meaning, the data were compared contrastively by referring to Kamus Istimewa Peribahasa Melayu (KIPM). The findings revealed that the translator likely tends to use the literal strategy in translating mathal to Malay. The target readers can understand the translation. However, these translations are less culturally connected to the readers. Therefore, it is suggested to add the equivalent proverb in the target language to maintain the stylistic impact from the source language to the target language. This strategy can preserve the meaning and context embedded within the proverb. This paper demonstrated the equivalence of mathal and Malay proverbs regarding meaning. Translators must consider this aspect in translating proverbs to convey the intended meaning effectively in the target language. This study indicates the significance of cultural equivalence in translating literary work. The findings of this study benefit translators in the field of Arabic-Malay translation and improve the understanding of mathal using Malay proverbs, especially among non-Arabic speaking students.
Aesthetic Dualities In Arabic Rhetoric Metaphor And Double Entendre As Examples/ الثنائيات الجمالية في البلاغة العربية الكناية والتورية أنموذجا
Authors: Abdel Ati Ahmed Ali Mohamed , Issa Koussoube , Saidoon Musaed Amer Ebrahim , Hamidi Tamer Ismail Mohamed Mohamed
Published: February 2025

The research aims to present an aesthetic perspective from the reality of Arabic rhetoric using the principle of aesthetic dualities, available in two rhetorical elements: metaphor (kinaya) and double entendre (tawriya). The study employed a descriptive-analytical method and focused on the extent to which the process of aesthetic dualities is available in the rhetorical device of metaphor and the rhetorical embellishment of double entendre. It also examines the potential aesthetics that highlight the impact of Arabic rhetoric in general and the value of these two devices. The research is divided into an introduction, a preface, and two main sections: Section One: Metaphor and Section Two: Double Entendre. The study resulted in a set of findings, the most prominent of which are: The research concluded that metaphor aims through the duality between direct and indirect expression to create novelty and intrigue in styles, distancing them from directness while achieving both expressions if necessary. In contrast, double entendre aims through semantic duality to reach one of the two meanings (the distant one) rather than the other (the near one), with the latter serving to reinforce the distant meaning (as understood in the concept of double entendre) at the expense of its counterpart, thereby achieving intrigue and stimulating the recipient’s mind, drawing their attention to the intended significance sought by the writer or the sophisticated language user.
Integration Of Moral Curriculum With Arabic Literature Stories And Parables Of The Qur'an QSP
Authors: Abdul Hamed Kirembwe Rashid , Che Noh Mohd Aderi Bin , Ramlan Siti Rosilawati Binti , Jaffar Mohammad Najib , Ahmad Sakinah Binti , Ismail Hayati Binti , Ishak Maziahtusima Binti
Published: February 2025

This research investigated the morality restoration MR phenomenon for Muslim university students MUS using Qur’anic stories and parables QSP, divine textual analysis DTA, and (Al-Furqan). It is the phase (One) of ADDIE’s five-phase design. This phase (One) was adopted in this research to investigate MUS morality needs. It was integral to a significant research project to develop the morality restoration module MRM for MUS. This research was meant to identify the critical aspects of the proposed MRM for MUS. The study used descriptive methods and a stratified random MUS sample size (n=122) selected from Malaysia and Uganda. The 5-scaled Likert questionnaire was also used to collect the data. An overall Cronbach's alpha report for “MR Need Analysis Scales” MRNAS yielded the reliability coefficients for the two MUS samples’ statistics ranging from (r)=.971 to (r)=.655. The literature review asserted that applying QSP’s DTA enables humanity to extract the valid divine message from QSP and unveil the concealed divine insights from QSP. The literature discussion further asserted that QSP’s DTA should encompass Quranic terminologies, elements of QSP texts, contexts, geographical locations, and QSP text and time. The results showed a need to use QSP’s DTA and (Al-Fur’qan) for MRM developments. The discussions stressed the role of (Al-Fur’qan) in MRM developments as a yardstick for all moral factors influencing MRM content developments and instructional designs. The results also showed that MUS needs restoration of morality for nine basic purposes: religious, social, communication, education, business, self-satisfaction, diplomatic, security, and legal. The researchers recommended the development of MRM for MUS using QSP’s DTA as an MRM instructional drive for MUS. They specifically recommended (Al-Fur’qan) verses as yardsticks for moral factors influencing MRM content developments and applications.
The Story Of Joseph In Arabic Literature By Siraj Al-Din Al-Mursi Al-Awsi: An Analytical Study/ قصة يوسف في الأدب العربي لسراج الدين المرسي الآوسي: دراسة تحليلية
Authors: Bahjat Munjid Mustafa , Elsawy Bayraktar Badawy Mohamed , Alhmadani Mohammed Burhan
Published: February 2025

The research provides an overview and an analytical study of the story of Joseph. The subject of the study is a book written by an obscure scholar of Andalusia, belonging to the tribe of Aws, nicknamed Sirāj al-Dīn, who hails from Murcia, one of the cities of Andalusia. The author titled his book: Zahr al-Kamām fī Qiṣat Yūsuf ʻAlayhi al-Salām. The book has literary, linguistic and missionary value, so the study selected it for analysis. The printed copy in our hands was based on a single handwritten copy, and the editor made a commendable effort in editing it. It was found that the book had many handwritten copies, which the study reviewed, and the necessity of re-editing the book by referring to and benefiting from it was called for. We also did not find a study highlighting the importance of this book. However, the story of Joseph in the past and present is vast, including books and literary works written in Arabic and other Islamic languages. The story of Joseph was reflected in the instinctive talent of Arab poets, who referred to it in their poems. The study focuses on three critical issues in the story: Educational lessons and strengthening our connection with Allah, lessons in management and economics, and social lessons. The study also focuses on the book itself and the author’s methodology in drafting it, whereby the book was divided into seventeen chapters, each of which began with verses from the Qurʼan according to a specific style to emphasize four basic themes to strengthen the meanings of Islam and faith among Muslims. He presented the story of Joseph and the lessons learned from it through these themes. The study adopts the analytical methodology in studying the book by focusing on two fundamental dimensions: the missionary dimension represented by the author through numerical divisions and the linguistic dimension through numerical divisions. The study presents its viewpoint on two prominent areas of the book: The poems mentioned in it, as well as the narrations stated in it, and the opinions of scholars regarding the permissibility of narrating traditions from the Israelites. The study concludes by presenting an appendix related to the effort achieved by the author concerning the poetic quotations included in the book, which numbers 1578 verses of poetry aimed at reinforcing the concepts that the author focused on in his book. The essential results of the study are mentioned in the appropriate sections.
Analysis Of Nahwu Errors In Hamzah Washl And Hamzah Qath’i Class 5 KMI At Gontor For Girls/ تحليل الأخطاء النحوية في همزة الوصل وهمزة القطع لدى الطالبات الصف الرابع بمعهد كونتور للبنات
Authors: Zaid Abdul Hafidz , Putri Syifa Firdausi , Anggraini Reyka Mei
Published: February 2025

Writing is a critical communication skill used to express ideas and is highly valued in language education. One of the language elements that must be mastered for writing is hamzah washl and hamzah qath'i. This research is based on the phenomenon of student’s Arabic writing errors in the Gontor for Girls 1st campus. They are able to write Insya’ in Arabic but find it challenging to apply hamzah washl and hamzah qath'i in their writing. This research aims to identify and analyze writing errors in hamzah washl and hamzah qath'i class 5 KMI in Gontor for Girls 2024-2025. The method used in this research is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. The data collection technique used is through documentation of Insya’ Usbu’i writing. The results of this research showed that errors were found in using hamzah washl and hamzah qath'i. The writing errors in hamzah washl are in: fi’il maadhi tsulatsiy, mashdar khumasiy, isim asyroh, and at-ta’rif. The writing errors in hamzah qath’i are in all content sentences except isim asyroh, fi’il mudhari’ starting with hamzah, fi’il madhi tsulatsiy, and fi’il madhi ruba’iy. Teachers should pay more attention to the hamzah washl and hamzah qath'i material and provide students with more practice with it to enhance the quality of Arabic language education.
Identification And Correction Of Pseudowords In Ilman Wa Ruhan Textbooks To Reduce Meaning Errors/ التعرف على الألفاظ الزائفة وتصحيحها في الكتاب المدرسي علما وروحا للحد من المعاني الخاطئة
Authors: Jundi Ahmad , Kharolina Kharolina Ghadami , Baihaqi M , Zaenuri Muh , D. Habib , Solihah Iis , Fatihuddin Fatihuddin
Published: February 2025

The existence of pseudo-words in textbooks is a serious problem and requires special attention. This will certainly have a negative impact on the quality of learning and the achievement of educational goals. This research aims to reveal teaching materials that are pseudo and provide corrections to these materials so that they become more meaningful and useful for learners. This paper uses an adaptation of the qualitative content analysis method, namely identifying, and classifying. The data was obtained through direct observation of Ilman wa ruhan volume one and two textbooks that enter the word learning process. The observation instrument of this research is maany digital dictionary which has been standardized internationally. The conclusion of this study shows the existence of pseudo-words in volume one and volume two textbooks in the early part of learning three connected letters. The research findings revealed the existence of 24 pseudo-words in the form of three kinds of criteria, namely the criteria for vocal incompatibility, consonant incompatibility criteria and writing incompatibility criteria.  This study contributes to the correction of these pseudo-words so that the learners read and pronounce the correct language in Arabic and the Koran. This effort is expected to improve the quality of textbooks and support the creation of a meaningful learning process for students.
Teachers' Profesional Competence In Teaching Arabic As A Foreign Language In Secondary Schools: A Praxeology Perspective
Authors: Nurbayan Yayan , Sanusi Anwar , Ali Mad , Ismail Zawawi Bin , Nurmala Mia
Published: February 2025

In teaching Arabic, the professional competence of Arabic teachers (AT) is an aspect that today's teachers must possess. Moreover, teaching Arabic in the 21st century emphasizes the communication skills of educators when using a foreign language. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the professional competence of AT in terms of praxeology perspectives, which include three cycles: the see cycle, the act cycle, and the judge cycle. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study design. The study was conducted in three secondary schools (Madrasah Aliyah) in the Bandung Raya area, West Java. Participants in this study were nine AT. The study results showed that of the nine AT with a vision and mission of teaching based on multilingualism, only AT 1, AT 5, and AT 8. In the see cycle, three AT envisioned improving students' Arabic communication skills with a cultural approach, technology, and interactive methods. In diagnosing student difficulties, teachers used methods such as questions and answers, discussions, and conversation simulations, with the main challenges faced by students being a lack of vocabulary, sentence structure, and speaking anxiety. Then, in the act cycle, three AT showed variation in the application of learning methods and consistently used a multilingual approach. In addition, teachers explained the differences in Arabic and other foreign language structures and corrected students' mistakes in pronunciation and grammar. In the judge cycle, after an evaluation, three AT improved by adjusting teaching methods, such as increasing conversation exercises, adding project-based assignments, or utilizing learning technology.
Implementation Of Instagram For Teaching Arabic Reading Skill To Increase Students Learning Motivation
Authors: Fitriani Ismatul Hidayah , Chamidah Dewi
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze the use of Instagram to teach Arabic reading skills (maharah qira’ah), its influence on student learning motivation, and its impact on the learning process. This study uses a quantitative-qualitative approach (mixed method) to obtain comprehensive data. Data was obtained through observations, interviews, and questionnaires to class X Language MAN 2 Malang City, Indonesia, students for the 2023/2024 school year, totalling 34 students. Qualitative data analysis uses the Miles & Huberman model, which involves data collection, reduction, and conclusion. Meanwhile, quantitative data analysis uses the Francis Galton model, which consists of descriptive analysis. The study results show that the use of Instagram as a learning medium has a significant favourable influence on student learning motivation. Instagram features such as interactive visual reels make it easier for students to understand the Arabic reading skill material and increase their interest in actively learning. Students feel more interested because learning is delivered through digital platforms relevant to their interests, so the learning process is fun and effective. As a result, Instagram media has proven effective in increasing students' learning motivation because they are directly involved in learning Arabic reading skills. This study recommends integrating social media such as Instagram as one of the innovative strategies for learning Arabic in the digital era.
The Role Of Discussion Method In Enhancing Speaking Skills Among Undergraduate Arabic Students At The New College Chennai
Authors: Zubair K M A Ahamed , Ali M.Yasar Arafath , Lebbai Nahvi Muhiyadeen , Basith M Abdul , Yousuf R. Md.
Published: February 2025

The impact of the discussion method on the speaking skills of undergraduate Arabic students at The New College, Chennai, India, warrants a thorough examination. This study aims to determine how significantly the discussion method affects students' speaking abilities. It employs a quantitative research approach using a saturated sampling technique, with research instruments including questionnaires, interviews, and documentation, encompassing 26 Arabic undergraduate students from the 2022-25 cohort. The findings indicate that implementing the discussion method in teaching Speaking Skills effectively engaged students' interest in learning and was relatively easy to follow. According to the results of the T-test, the calculated value (t_hitung) is 9.648, which exceeds the table value (t_table) of 2.056 at a significance level of 0.025. Hence, the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted. In contrast, the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected, concluding that the discussion method positively influences the Speaking Skills of undergraduate students at The New College, Chennai. Additionally, the coefficient of determination test yielded a result of 0.782, indicating that the discussion method accounts for 78.2% of the variance in Speaking Skills.
Evaluating The Effectiveness Of An Educational Unit Using The Whole Language Approach To Develop Arabic Creative Writing Skills For Intermediate Level/ تقييم فاعلية وحدة تعليمية بالمدخل الكلي لتنمية بعض مهارات الكتابة الإبداعية لدارسي اللغة العربية بالمستوى المتوسط
Authors: Kharashi Nasirudeen Abdur Razaq , Mohd Noor Siti Salwa Binti
Published: February 2025

Creative writing skill represents the most essential skill for students, and it is one of the most important means of acquiring knowledge and information, it is one of the basic skills that should be emphasized for Arabic-speaking students in general and non-native speakers in particular; therefore, this study aimed to identify and evaluate the effectiveness of a proposed educational unit in the light of the whole language approach in developing some creative writing skills required for foreign learners at the intermediate level. To achieve this goal, the researcher developed research tools that consisted of indicators of some necessary creative writing skills. A list of criteria for the content of the proposed educational unit to develop some of the necessary creative writing skills. The proposed educational unit is in the light of the holistic approach to developing some necessary creative writing skills. A pre-and post-test on the development of some necessary creative writing skills. The sample of the study consisted of thirty male and female students from the preparatory year programme at the Language Centre of the Faculty of Languages and Communication at Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu Malaysia. The researcher adopted the descriptive and quasi-experimental approach in applying the study tools. After testing the study tools and analyzing the results of the pre and post-tests, the study found the effectiveness of the proposed educational unit based on the whole language approach in developing some of the creative writing skills required by the learners in the study group. The study also derived some recommendations and suggestions, the most important of which is: The need for Arabic language teachers to train students on creative writing skills using the whole language approach. The importance of reviving school activities related to writing, such as Journalism group and school radio. The importance of activating school activities related to writing, such as the journalism group and school radio, as well as allocating a course that deals with the areas of creative writing to train students in these areas, including exercises and activities that help them master these skills.
Collaborative Counseling Model in Religious Learning for People with Disabilities
Authors: Haliq Fathol , Tatik Hidayati
Published: February 2025

This study examines the collaborative guidance and counseling model for individuals with disabilities in a religious education environment in Madura. This study addresses key questions: How do individuals with disabilities learn Islamic teachings? How do they fulfill religious obligations? What is the role of parents, siblings, and peers in providing social support? This study used a qualitative approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and document analysis. The researcher conducted direct observations that allowed for in-depth experiences with families, educators, and students. Data triangulation was obtained through various sources, including focus group discussions (FGDs) with teachers, parents, and individuals with disabilities. The location of the study was SLB Api Alam Tlanakan. The findings indicate that (1) religious values ​​are internalized in both structured (Special School) and unstructured (family and social environments) environments; (2) economic constraints affect the family's ability to support religious education; and (3) religious education plays a unique role in shaping the behavior and identity of individuals with disabilities. This study highlights the importance of community involvement in religious education for individuals with disabilities.
Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) Group Counseling to Increase Self-Determination in Middle School Students
Authors: Renata Noor Inayah Oetomo  , Cindy Pravesti
Published: February 2025

Determinasi diri menjadi faktor penting dalam menjalani kehidupan. Penyebab determinasi diri yang rendah karena adanya dominasi pikiran negatif. Determinasi diri mampu ditingkatkan dengan melalui berbagai upaya atau usaha salah satunya ialah dengan melawan pikiran negatif melalui konseling cognitive behavior therapy. Tujuan atau maksud dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk meningkatkan determinasi diri melalui kegiatan konseling kelompok cognitive behavior therapy. Penelitian kuantitatif berupa jenis pre-eksperimen one group pre-test post-test design yang mengambil sampel melalui teknik simple random sampling sehingga menjadi acuan dalam metode penelitian ini. Penerapan intstrumen atau pelaksanaan instrumen dalam penelitian ini ialah dengan menggunakan skala determinasi diri yang telah teruji validitas dan reliabilitas. Dari pelaksanaan penelitian yang telah dilakukan menyatakan bahwa hasil pelaksanaan konseling kelompok cognitive behavior therapy efektif dalam  meningkatkan determinasi diri siswa kelas VIII SMP PGRI 1 Buduran Sidoarjo, dengan hasil uji statistik perhitungan uji Wilcoxon yang bernilai signifikansi (2-tailed) yaitu 0,042 < 0,05.
Individual Counseling Guide Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy Approach Self-Talk Technique for Guidance and Counseling Teachers
Authors: Romiaty  , Singgih Sendayu Fendahapsari , Nonsihai  , Feronika Nopi , Br Ginting Herda Fitri
Published: February 2025

Layanan konseling individual merupakan layanan dalam membantu mengentaskan masalah siswa. Salah satu pendekatan yang dapat membantu siswa adalah pendekatan konseling Rational Emotif Behavior Therapy (REBT) teknik Self-Talk. Akan tetapi pendekatan ini tidak digunakan oleh guru Bimbingan dan Konseling (BK) oleh karenanya penting bagi guru BK di SMA untuk memiliki panduan yang lengkap agar dapat mengimplementasikan pendekatan ini. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan panduan konseling individual dengan pendekatan REBT teknik Self Talk pada Guru BK SMA di Palangka Raya. Metode penelitian pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengembangan atau Research and Development (R&D). Prosedur penelitian pengembangan ini mengunakan model 4D (four D) yaitu Pendefinisian (Define), Perancangan (Design), Pengembangan (Develop), Penyebaran (Disseminate). Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah Guru BK SMA di Kota Palangka Raya yang berjumlah 30 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara, kuesioner dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakankuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa panduan telah tervalidasi dan telah mendapatkan penilaian dari para uji ahli. Ahli media dengan akumulasi nilai kelayakan sebesar 1.109 dihitung berdasarkan nilai kofisien masuk kedalam tinggi yang berarti layak digunakan. Ahli materi dengan akumulasi nilai kelayakan sebesar 0.945 di hitung berdasarkan nilai kofisien masuk kedalam tinggi yang berarti layak. Ahli praktisi memiliki akumulasi nilai kelayakan sebesar 1.16 yang dinyatakan layak untuk digunakan , serta telah melakukan uji kelompok kecil dengan nilai hasil perhitungan diperoleh effect size sebesar 0,904 maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa uji tersebut berkriteria efek tinggi.Keterbatasan penelitian ini adalah hanya diuji pada kelompok kecil belum pada kelompok besar.
Are Resilience, and Spirituality Related to Marital Peace? Explorations in Silver Age Couples
Authors: Afita Nur Hayati  , Sai Handari  , Firda Karwina Awaliah  , Aulia Rahmatul Azizah  , Ikrima Bestari Agsal Kurniad
Published: February 2025

This study aimed to determine the relationship between resilience and spirituality with marital peace in couples of silver or twenty-five years of marriage age in East Kalimantan. The approach in this study uses quantitative-qualitative methods with regression and narrative data analysis methods.  Respondents in this study were married couples who were in the Qaryah Tayyibah community totaling 31 people. The results of the quantitative analysis show that resilience and spirituality can explain and influence marital peace by less than 1%. This means that the other 99% is influenced by different factors. In the F test, the results show that resilience and spirituality do not affect marital peace. The t-test is negative, indicating that the resilience variable does not affect marital peace, as well as the spirituality variable. Results of the narrative analysis of qualitative data from focus group discussions (FGDs) reveal that the resilience variable has a relationship with spirituality but no relationship with the marital peace variable.  This study can provide an empirical contribution, namely the support of spirituality variables on marital resilience and effective communication, social support, and emotional intimacy to maintain a healthy relationship despite facing challenges.
ALOn BKI: Developing Digital Innovation for Islamic Counseling Services
Authors: Rosyidi Fajar , Ahmad Nafi
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan aplikasi layanan online Bimbingan Konseling Islam (ALOn BKI) sebagai solusi inovatif untuk memperluas akses konseling Islami berbasis teknologi digital. Aplikasi ini dirancang dengan pendekatan model ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation), yang memberikan kerangka sistematis dalam setiap tahapan pengembangan. Fokus penelitian mencakup analisis kebutuhan pengguna, desain dan pengembangan aplikasi, implementasi, serta evaluasi efektivitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ALOn BKI berhasil menyediakan layanan konseling Islami yang fleksibel dan praktis, dilengkapi fitur interaktif seperti chat, video call, dan materi berbasis nilai-nilai syariah. Uji coba aplikasi menunjukkan tingkat kepuasan pengguna yang tinggi, terutama dalam hal kemudahan akses dan relevansi layanan dengan ajaran agama Islam. Selain itu, fitur pengingat dan pembimbingan berkelanjutan mendukung proses konseling secara efektif. Meskipun demikian, terdapat tantangan berupa rendahnya literasi digital pada beberapa pengguna dan perlunya penguatan sistem keamanan data pribadi. Rekomendasi pengembangan lebih lanjut meliputi penambahan fitur analitik untuk melacak perkembangan klien serta grup dukungan tematik. Kesimpulannya, ALOn BKI memberikan kontribusi signifikan dalam meningkatkan aksesibilitas dan efektivitas layanan konseling Islami berbasis teknologi. Aplikasi ini berpotensi menjadi model bagi pengembangan layanan konseling berbasis agama di masa depan.
Risk and Capacity: Does the Mental Capacity Act Incorporate a Sliding Scale of Capacity?
Authors: Shipsides Daniel , Ruck Keene Alex , Martin Wayne
Published: February 2025

The law places considerable weight on the question of whether a person has, or lacks, mental capacity. But approaches differ over whether and how capacity assessments should be sensitive to risk. Should a more stringent test be applied where risk is high? The question has generated considerable debate among bioethicists and jurists. In this paper, we review the literature and consider the standard of capacity defined in the Mental Capacity Act 2005 in England/Wales (MCA). While the MCA has been extensively discussed, the question of whether it adopts a ‘sliding scale’ for assessments of capacity has not been squarely addressed. We review the knotty legal history of the statute regarding this issue, and argue that the MCA is best understood as adopting neither a risk-ability nor a risk-evidence sliding scale. We show that the MCA nonetheless accommodates risk-sensitivity in capacity assessment in at least three different ways. The first derives the MCA’s approach to decision-specificity, the second from a risk-investment sliding scale, the third from what Law Commission once described as a ‘general authority’ for carers to act. We argue that the resulting approach steers around two objections that critics have levied against sliding scales for capacity assessment.
Reducing Coercion
Authors: Morgan Graham
Published: February 2025

This is a transcript of a talk by Graham Morgan MBE – Mental Welfare Commission for Scotland – to the Third UK and Ireland Mental Health and Diversity Law Conference, July 2023. Nottingham (England.)
Graham drew on the Report of the Scottish Review into Mental Health Legislation for this talk and for a better understanding of how he thinks coercion could be further reduced would especially recommend reading the chapters on Human Rights Enablement, Autonomous Decision Making Tests, Supported Decision Making and Economic Cultural and Social Rights.