bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transforming a Patient Registry Into a Customized Data Set for the Advanced Statistical Analysis of Health Risk Factors and for Medication-Related Hospitalization Research: Retrospective Hospital Patient Registry Study
Authors: Taushanov Zhivko , Verloo Henk , Wernli Boris , Di Giovanni Saviana , von Gunten Armin , Pereira Filipa
Published: April 2021

Background

Hospital patient registries provide substantial longitudinal data sets describing the clinical and medical health statuses of inpatients and their pharmacological prescriptions. Despite the multiple advantages of routinely collecting multidimensional longitudinal data, those data sets are rarely suitable for advanced statistical analysis and they require customization and synthesis.

Objective

The aim of this study was to describe the methods used to transform and synthesize a raw, multidimensional, hospital patient registry data set into an exploitable database for the further investigation of risk profiles and predictive and survival health outcomes among polymorbid, polymedicated, older inpatients in relation to their medicine prescriptions at hospital discharge.

Methods

A raw, multidimensional data set from a public hospital was extracted from the hospital registry in a CSV (.csv) file and imported into the R statistical package for cleaning, customization, and synthesis. Patients fulfilling the criteria for inclusion were home-dwelling, polymedicated, older adults with multiple chronic conditions aged ≥65 who became hospitalized. The patient data set covered 140 variables from 20,422 hospitalizations of polymedicated, home-dwelling older adults from 2015 to 2018. Each variable, according to type, was explored and computed to describe distributions, missing values, and associations. Different clustering methods, expert opinion, recoding, and missing-value techniques were used to customize and synthesize these multidimensional data sets.

Results

Sociodemographic data showed no missing values. Average age, hospital length of stay, and frequency of hospitalization were computed. Discharge details were recoded and summarized. Clinical data were cleaned up and best practices for managing missing values were applied. Seven clusters of medical diagnoses, surgical interventions, somatic, cognitive, and medicines data were extracted using empirical and statistical best practices, with each presenting the health status of the patients included in it as accurately as possible. Medical, comorbidity, and drug data were recoded and summarized.

Conclusions

A cleaner, better-structured data set was obtained, combining empirical and best-practice statistical approaches. The overall strategy delivered an exploitable, population-based database suitable for an advanced analysis of the descriptive, predictive, and survival statistics relating to polymedicated, home-dwelling older adults admitted as inpatients. More research is needed to develop best practices for customizing and synthesizing large, multidimensional, population-based registries.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030030
Impact of Gamification on the Self-Efficacy and Motivation to Quit of Smokers: Observational Study of Two Gamified Smoking Cessation Mobile Apps
Authors: Rajani Nikita B , Mastellos Nikolaos , Filippidis Filippos T
Published: April 2021

Background

The proportion of smokers making quit attempts and the proportion of smokers successfully quitting have been decreasing over the past few years. Previous studies have shown that smokers with high self-efficacy and motivation to quit have an increased likelihood of quitting and staying quit. Consequently, further research on strategies that can improve the self-efficacy and motivation of smokers seeking to quit could lead to substantially higher cessation rates. Some studies have found that gamification can positively impact the cognitive components of behavioral change, including self-efficacy and motivation. However, the impact of gamification in the context of smoking cessation and mobile health has been sparsely investigated.

Objective

This study aims to examine the association between perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and frequency of use of gamification features embedded in smoking cessation apps on self-efficacy and motivation to quit smoking.

Methods

Participants were assigned to use 1 of the 2 mobile apps for a duration of 4 weeks. App-based questionnaires were provided to participants before app use and 2 weeks and 4 weeks after they started using the app. Gamification was quantitatively operationalized based on the Cugelman gamification framework and concepts from the technology acceptance model. The mean values of perceived frequency, ease of use, and usefulness of gamification features were calculated at midstudy and end-study. Two linear regression models were used to investigate the impact of gamification on self-efficacy and motivation to quit.

Results

A total of 116 participants completed the study. The mean self-efficacy increased from 37.38 (SD 13.3) to 42.47 (SD 11.5) points and motivation to quit increased from 5.94 (SD 1.4) to 6.32 (SD 1.7) points after app use. Goal setting was perceived to be the most useful gamification feature, whereas sharing was perceived to be the least useful. Participants self-reported that they used the progress dashboards the most often, whereas they used the sharing feature the least often. The average perceived frequency of gamification features was statistically significantly associated with change in self-efficacy (β=3.35; 95% CI 0.31-6.40) and change in motivation to quit (β=.54; 95% CI 0.15-0.94) between baseline and end-study.

Conclusions

Gamification embedded in mobile apps can have positive effects on self-efficacy and motivation to quit smoking. The findings of this study can provide important insights for tobacco control policy makers, mobile app developers, and smokers seeking to quit.
The Utility of Playdoh in learning Early Embryological Development in Pre-Clinical Anatomy Curriculum: A Case. (Preprint)
Authors: Balachandran Kumarendran
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Anatomy education has evolved over the past decade. Despite the emergence of 3D models and medical applications, the active component of learning is usually discounted upon. Therefore, in this study, we explored the utility of playdoh in the teaching and learning early embryological concepts of students in pre-clinical medical curriculum. We have provided a step-by-step approach in replicating playdoh for the use of early embryological development teaching in medical school. The outcome of this study indicate that playdoh models are easily replicable with a lab manual and may be beneficial in evoking active learning component in students thus providing an enriching learning environment.

OBJECTIVE

Anatomy education has evolved over the past decade. Despite the emergence of 3D models and medical applications, the active component of learning is usually discounted upon. Therefore, in this study, we explored the utility of playdoh in the teaching and learning early embryological concepts of students in pre-clinical medical curriculum. We have provided a step-by-step approach in replicating playdoh for the use of early embryological development teaching in medical school. The outcome of this study indicate that playdoh models are easily replicable with a lab manual and may be beneficial in evoking active learning component in students thus providing an enriching learning environment.

METHODS

In this case study, we used remains of playdoh consisting on various colors (Character Options Ltd, UK) analogous to the recommended textbook for class, Langman Embryology to create embryological models. Each tissue layers of the early embryo were first molded before combining them together. Figure 3 summarizes the end product.

RESULTS

Images showing results

CONCLUSIONS

Our study highlighted and explored an avenue for active participation of students in learning embryological concepts. However, this study was merely conducted to explore the feasibility of using non-traditional methods in teaching that requisite active participation of students in classroom. The other limitation in this case is that only a fraction of early embryological development was illustrated. Organ specific developments could be potentially explored in future studies. Moreover, further studies may be required to validate the effectiveness of using playdoh in anatomy sessions.

CLINICALTRIAL

NA
Users’ Satisfaction and Continuous to Use M-health Through Service Quality. The Moderate Effect of Monetary Cost (Preprint)
Authors: Al-Shami Samer
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Recently, diabetes is a major issue of great concern to many health institutions worldwide. Yet, the application of m-health for diabetes yet to receive adequate attention, especially in developing countries. The Imperial College London Diabetes Centre, 2019 reported that over more than one million persons in the UAE are suffering from diabetes, placing the country at the 15th worldwide for age-adjusted relative pervasiveness. Motivated by the need to curb the increasing trend of diabetics among the people of UAE and realizing the potential of m-health, this paper examines the quality of service system on the continuous intention to use m-health among diabetes users’ in the UAE. This study is one of the few studies that contribute to the theoretical enrichment of information system (IS) success factors that examine the effective factors of quality system service on the satisfaction and continuous intention to use m-health among the diabetes patients in the UAE. Therefore, this paper extends the service quality research in the IS domain by suggesting m-health service quality model derived from the combination of the explanatory effect of objective and subjective factors, contextualized within the unique socio-economic background of the Arab region.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study to identify and examine the relationship between service system quality factors and diabetes satisfaction and continuous intention to use health. This study also aims to measure the moderating effect of monetary cost on the relationship between users' satisfaction and continuous intention to use.

METHODS

A cross-sectional survey was conducted involving 292 respondents have been conducted. Through a survey analyzed by SmartPls, we find that service quality systems driven by the quality of interaction, system, and information have a positive effect on the continuous use mhealth through the mediating effect of users’ satisfaction.

RESULTS

Through a survey analyzed by SmartPls, we find that a service quality system driven by the quality of interaction, system, and information has a positive effect on the continuous use mhealth through the mediating effect of users’ satisfaction. We also find that monetary cost moderates the relationship between users’ satisfaction and continue to use mhealth.

CONCLUSIONS

This study extends the service quality research in the IS domain by suggesting m-health service quality model derived from the combination of the explanatory effect of objective and subjective factors, contextualized within the unique socio-economic background of the Arab region.
Communicating Treatment-Related Symptoms Using Passively Collected Data and Satisfaction/Loyalty Ratings: Exploratory Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kudel Ian , Perry Toni
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Electronic patient-reported outcomes’ real time communication of treatment-related symptoms is increasingly associated with better outcomes including longer survival and less health care resource use, but the primary method of collecting this information, static questionnaires, has not evolved.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this paper is to describe the use of Noona’s three methods of communicating treatment-related symptoms, which are as follows: (1) Noona symptom questionnaires (NSQ), which incorporate branching logic; (2) a diary; and (3) secure messaging, the last two of which have NSQ reporting functionality. It also aims to explore, using multivariable analyses, whether patients find value using these features.

METHODS

Noona users (N=1081) who have an active account for more than 30 days, who responded to the satisfaction/loyalty item, and who were undergoing active cancer treatment (systemic or radiotherapy) in the United States were included in this study. All study data were collected via software embedded within Noona code. This includes metadata, patient activities (measured in clicks), and responses to a satisfaction/loyalty question (“How likely are you to recommend Noona to another patient”) displayed on the Noona home page.

RESULTS

Noona users expressed a high degree of satisfaction/loyalty when asked to rate how likely they would recommend Noona to another patient. Multivariable analyses indicate small but significant effects for some of the analyses. Use of NSQs were significantly related to satisfaction/loyalty, users of NSQs had significantly higher satisfaction/loyalty than those who did not use any, and secure communication use was significantly higher for those who rated the app highly compared to those who did not. These relationships will likely be further explicated with the use of satisfaction/loyalty questions that focus specifically on feature use.

CONCLUSIONS

Noona is well liked by respondents, and exploratory multivariable analyses demonstrate the potential for using passively and minimally invasive data to demonstrate value.
MINI REVIEW: INSIGHTS ON INSTRUMENTAL ANALYSIS OF OMBITASVIR, PARITAPREVIR AND RITONAVIR
Authors: SARAYA ROSHDY E. , ELHENAWEE MAGDA , SALEH HANAA , SEBAIY MAHMOUD M.
Published: April 2021

In this literature review, we will introduce most of the up-to-date reported methods that have been developed for the determination of Ombitasvir, Paritaprevir and Ritonavir in their pure form, combined form with other drugs combined form with degradation products, and in biological samples. Most of reported methods includes spectrophotometric and chromatographic methods specially HPLC and HPTLC.
ANTIEMETIC ACTIVITIES OF INDONESIAN STINGLESS BEE PROPOLIS ON EMETIC INDUCED BY ANTI-TUBERCULOSIS DRUGS
Authors: MAHANI  , FATURACHMAN FIRMANSYAH , MICHELLE  , LEMBONG ELAZMANAWATI , SULAEMAN AHMAD , HARDINSYAH  , NURJANAH NUNUNG , SUNARNO  , SARIADJI KAMBANG
Published: April 2021

Objective: This study aims to determine the antiemetic potential of stingless bee propolis in reducing the prevalence of nausea due to consumption of Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs (ATD) in Tuberculosis patients and to identify phytochemical compounds that act as an antiemetic in propolis.

Methods: The stingless bee propolis used was Wallacetrigona incisa from South Sulawesi. The clinical testing used the randomized controlled trial, randomization using permuted block randomization consisting of one positive control group and two treatment groups. The active components analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS) pyrolyzer.

Results: This study found that the measurement at week 0 obtained the mean value of nausea per week for each group P0 (Placebo), P1 (Propolis 6%), and P2 (Propolis 30%) were respectively 2.14; 1.5 and 5.2 events/week, at week 8 the prevalence of nausea by 2.0; 1.0; and 1.6 events/week, and week 24 the prevalence of nausea by 3.0; 0; and 0 events/week. There are 11 compounds with concentrations above 1% that act as antiemetic compounds either through direct and indirect mechanism with a total concentration reaches 75,47%.

Conclusion: Based on all determinant parameters, propolis of Wallacetrigona incisa species from South Sulawesi has antiemetic activity and can reduce the prevalence of emetic induced by ATD consumption in pulmonary TB patients.
PROXIMATE ANALYSIS AND AMINOACID PROFILES OF LEAVES, FLOWERS, PODS, AND SEEDS OF ERYTHRINA EDULIS FROM PERU
Authors: PARRAGA ADELMO , GONZALES JEVIER , PORTALES ROSARIO , RUIZ CANDY , ROJAS ROSARIO
Published: April 2021

Objective: The study aim was to determine the proximate composition and amino acid profiles of seeds, leaves, pods, and flowers of Erythrina edulis that are consumed in Oxapampa, Perú.

Methods: Plant parts of E. edulis were analyzed for proximate composition (proteins, carbohydrates, fat, fiber, and ash) according to AOAC methods. Amino acid profiles were determined by HPLC analysis.

Results: Fat contents were low (<1.3%) in all four plant parts. The crude fiber was high in leaves and pods (19.9 and 15.1%, respectively). Protein contents in leaves (24.4%) and flowers (23.7%) were higher than that of the pods (19.3%). The limiting amino acids in the seeds were methionine and tryptophan, while the pods were deficient in four amino acids (methionine, tryptophan, histidine, and isoleucine). Of the four plant parts studied, the flowers turned out to be a promising source of protein because they meet most of the amino acid requirements for adults recommended by FAO.

Conclusion: The seeds and flowers of E. edulis have a high protein content and a good amino acid profile that makes them recommended for human consumption.
NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR DETECTION OF DISEASES CAUSED BY VIRUSES-CURRENT OVERVIEW
Authors: CHIPPA SRILAXMI , SUVARNA VASANTI
Published: April 2021

Nanotechnology is having a high impact on the development of a novel class of biosensors called nanobiosensors. This technology has utilized some extremely exciting elements for sensing phenomenon improvement. The utilization of nano-materials, nano-rods, nano-particles, nano-tubes have aided rapid, reliable reproducibility and its detection in a much better way. The unique properties of nanobiosensors and its varied applications have influenced biosensing research. Since longtime, nanobiosensors have been utilized worldwide for the diagnosis of diseases co-related with molecular detection of biomarkers. This paper highlights the use of such nanobiosensors for the detection of the virus, infections, fungal pathogens, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) related diseases such as Cardiovascular diseases (CDVs), Renal Arthritis (RA) through different techniques including electrochemical biosensing, optical biosensing, point of care-diagnostics etc.
IMAGING IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: April 2021

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CARDIAC RADIOLOGY
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: April 2021

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Seismic stability of vibration-insulated turbine foundations depending on the frequency composition of seismic impact
Authors: Babsky Aleksandr E. , Lalin Vladimir V. , Oleinikov Ilia I. , Tarasov Vladimir A.
Published: April 2021

The seismic resistance of vibration-insulated turbine foundations is a complex and multifaceted problem that includes many aspects. The turbine foundation is a special building structure that unites parts of the turbine and generator unit into a single machine and it is used for static and dynamic loads accommodation. The number of designed and constructed power plants in high seismic level areas is large and steadily growing. In addition, engineers and designers deal with the issue of the frequency composition of the seismic impact influence on the seismic resistance of vibration-insulated turbine foundations. Dynamic calculations were performed in Nastran software using time history analysis and the finite element method. The main criteria for the seismic resistance of a vibration-insulated turbine foundation are the values of the maximum seismic accelerations in the axial direction at the level of the turbine installation and the values of vibration-insulated foundation maximum seismic displacements (deformations of vibration isolators). The results of the calculation experiments proved a significant effect of seismic action frequency composition on the behavior of the vibration-insulated turbine foundations. Calculations of foundations, taking into account earthquakes of the same intensity, but with different values of the prevailing frequencies of the impact, lead to the differing by several times values of the maximum seismic accelerations at the turbine level and seismic displacements.
Modeling and visualizing of the formation of a snub dodecahedron in the AutoCAD system
Authors: Romanova Victoryna A. , Strashnov Stanislav V.
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to modeling and visualization of the formation of flat-nosed (snub-nosed) dodecahedron (snub dodecahedron). The purpose of the research is to model the snub dodecahedron (flat-nosed dodecahedron) and visualize the process of its formation. The formation of the faces of the flat-nosed dodecahedron consists in the truncation of the edges and vertices of the Platonic dodecahedron with the subsequent rotation of the new faces around their centers. The values of the truncation of the dodecahedron edges, the angle of rotation of the faces and the length of the edge of the flat-nosed dodecahedron are the parameters of three equations composed as the distances between the vertices of triangles located between the faces of the snub dodecahedron. The solution of these equations was carried out by the method of successive approximations. The results of the calculations were used to create an electronic model of the flat-nosed dodecahedron and visualize its formation. The task was generally achieved in the AutoCAD system using programs in the AutoLISP language. Software has been created for calculating the parameters of modeling a snub dodecahedron and visualizing its formation.
Common irregularities and its effects on reinforced concrete building response
Authors: Ghimire Krishna , Chaulagain Hemchandra
Published: April 2021

In most of the countries, the irregular building construction is popular for fulfilling both aesthetic and functional requirements. However, the evidence of past earthquakes in Nepal and the globe demonstrated the higher level of seismic vulnerability of the buildings due to irregularities. Considering this fact, the present study highlighted the common irregularities and its effect on reinforced concrete building response. The effect of structural irregularities was studied through numerical analysis. The geometrical, mass and stiffness irregularities were created by removing bays in different floor levels and removing the columns at different sections respectively. In this study, the numerical models were created in finite element program SAP2000. The structural performance was studied using both non-linear static pushover and dynamic time history analysis. The results indicate that the level of irregularities significantly influenced the behavior of structures.
Experimental-theoretical studies of hydrotechnical angular-type retaining walls
Authors: Pashchenko Fedor A.
Published: April 2021

Relevance. Retaining walls are common structures that are part of waterworks. They have the characteristic features of hydraulic structures, such as large dimensions, low percentages of reinforcement (up to 1.0%), horizontal interblock joints. The listed features determine the nature of the work and the stress-strain state of the retaining walls. The main loads on the rear faces of the retaining walls are loads from the action of the backfill soil. The incomplete consideration of the design features and the nature of the loads action in the design of a number of retaining walls that are in the stage of long-term operation has caused the need to strengthen them. One of the reinforcement methods was to install reinforcement rods in drilled inclined holes in the zones of horizontal interblock joints. It was necessary to conduct experimental studies of reinforced concrete retaining walls under the action of various loads, in particular conside- ring the reinforcement by inclined rods. The aim of the experimental research was to study the effect of variable load on the stress-strain state of these structures, among others with due regard to inclined reinforcement installed in the zones of horizontal interblock joints. When solving the set tasks, proven experimental methods of researching reinforced concrete structures of hydrotechnical structures were used. Results. Experimental data from the study of models of retaining walls, including those with reinforcement by inclined reinforcement, at different locations of the resultant load on rear faces of models were obtained. An experimental substantiation of the reinforcement of reinforced concrete structures of retaining walls with an inclined reinforcement crossing horizontal construction joints has been carried out.
FOUNDATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE
Authors: Metlov V. I
Published: April 2021

The paper is devoted to an analysis of the relation existing between the concepts foundation and development of knowledge. The foundation is not an unshakeable base of science, but a solution of the antinomy arising in the course of science development. Such an approach permits a dynamic vision of the foundation as a proper moment of the development of scientific knowledge periodically arising in scientific development.
APRIORY MATHEMATICS, PHYSICAL REALITY AND INFORMATION
Authors: Iakovlev V. A
Published: April 2021

The article examines the relationship between mathematical and physical realities. It is put forward that the information reality is a single fundamental objective reality. Information is understood as the objective reality perceived by the subject by means of touch bodies which it fixes and comprehends by means of various semantic propositions, logical-mathematical operations and calculations.
ON POSSIBLE GEOMETRIC AND ASTROPHYSICAL EFFECTS OF NONLINEAR SPINOR FIELDS IN THE MEGAMIR, MACROWORLD AND MICROWORLD
Authors: Krechet V. G
Published: April 2021

In this article, within the framework of general relativity, the possible effect of the gravitational interaction of Dirac nonlinear spinor fields on the evolution of the Universe, on the formation of astrophysical objects and on the formation of the geometry of the local space-time of elementary particles with spin ħ / 2 is considered.
ON EXTERNAL INFLUENCES ON THE RADIOACTIVE DECAY RATE
Authors: Panchelyuga V. A
Published: April 2021

The subject of this work is periods in time series of the radioactive decay fluctuations. The presence of such periods suggests the possibility of a certain external influence on the parameters of radioactive decay. The evolution of views on the possibility of such an influences are briefly reviewed. A number of stages are considered, each of which expresses a certain circle of ideas, which is realized in it. Experimental works typical for each such stage are considered. The article does not aim to review all works related to the issues discussed in it. This is, first of all, a presentation of ideas that reflect the author's views on the possible mechanisms of the occurrence of periods in the time series of the radioactive decay rate. The links provided in the work are rather illustrative.
EXPERIMENTAL EXPERIENCE IN STUDYING THE WEIGHT DYNAMICS OF ROTATING GYROSCOPES AND THEIR ROTATION FEATURES AT CRITICALLY LOW SPEEDS, INCLUDING AT SUNRISE AND DURING A LUNAR-SOLAR ECLIPSE
Authors: Panichev A. M
Published: April 2021

The cycle of experiments with free-rolling gyroscopes at different angular velocity intervals including those on scales with continuous-discrete weight registration was carried out. We concluded that the free-running time of gyroscopes in one interval of angular velocities can vary greatly (within hundreds of percent). Measuring the free running time of a gyroscope during a solar eclipse has shown a connection between registered fluctuations in the gyroscope behavior and the eclipse stroke. The data obtained during the periods of sunrise indicate that the gyroscope can react at the moment of the sunrise while recording the true ascent, as well as the ascent preceding the true one with a difference of 8 minutes. Statistical analysis of the graphs of weight changes of the disk at right and left-hand free rotation in the speed range from 5000 to 250 rpm showed that the abnormal weight changes recorded at certain “critical” frequencies with different directions of rotation reliably differ in amplitude characteristics.
HENRI EFFECT: REGISTRATION PARAMETERS
Authors: Khavroshkin O. B , Tsyplakov V. V
Published: April 2021

The detected anomalous neutrino radioisotope (ANRI) absorption or effect allows one to study the variety of interactions of neutrino fluxes with radioactive matter and its consequences. Thus, results were obtained on solar neutrinos v , seismicity and heat flow of the Earth. The study of the features of the mechanical manifestation of the neutrino flux as a mechanical effect of the solar flux v in space on the Pioneer-type spacecraft is promising for many reasons.
Longevity of Ulmus pumila L. in protective afforestation on semi-desert lands of the Astrakhan Zavolzhye
Authors: Lepesko Vladimir Vasilievich , Rybashlykova Ludmila Petrovna
Published: April 2021

The article provides a predictive assessment of longevity of Ulmus pumila L. stands in the Astrakhan Zavolzhye. The effi and expediency of renewable logging for rejuvenation and increasing the longevity of plantings in the semi-desert were confi The classifi of ecotopes of the Astrakhan Zavolzhye on suitability for cultivation of protective and shadow elm plantings on pasture lands was developed and presented. In the Caspian region, Ulmus pumila became widespread in forest reclamation of semi-desert lands in the 1950s. Since then, till the beginning of the 1990s, Bogdinskaya research agroforestry experimental station laid on the sandy massifs about 1 thousand hectares of Ulmus pumila L. plantings, which currently amounts to 1824 %. The long-term practice of using protective shade Ulmus pumila umbrellas has shown their signifi ecological effect on functioning pastures. The aim of the research was to develop an improved technology for creating long-lived protective shade stands of Ulmus pumila on degraded pastures of the Astrakhan Zavolzhye. The research was carried out using generally accepted methods of stand forest taxation by A.P. Anuchin (1961), 1. Bitvinskas (1974) and A.S. Manaenkov (2001). Soil conditions were studied by drilling sounding to 3 m depth. The results of the research revealed that the longevity of wood species in the dry-steppe zone was determined mainly by two factors: productive moisture in the soil and salinity level. The most favorable growing conditions for Ulmus pumila were unsalted (to a depth of at least 3 m) brown sandy soils, sandy loam soils, dark-colored swale soils with periodic redistributed accumulation of moisture. In arid conditions of the Astrakhan Zavolzhye in island plantations (group of trees, umbrellas, 0.51 ha parts of forest area) and optimal growing conditions without logging and reforestation, Ulmus pumila lives up to 6070 years.
Analysis of Genres of the BBC One TV Programs
Authors: Gorobiy Alexey V.
Published: April 2021

The relevance of the study is based on the fact that the BBC One channel is interesting as an example of a public service broadcaster which retains its image and competitiveness on the global media market. The goal of the research is to analyze the BBC One programming with regard to its forms of journalists and cameramens work. The semiotic methodology is chosen for interpreting sign systems, i. e. journalists texts or TV frames, as interconnected phenomena of culture. As a result, important sociocultural and philosophical elements integrated into the BBC One programming and determining its genre profile have been revealed. The social mission of the public broadcasting, combination of regional and metropolitan grounds, the prevalence of serious news genres are among them. Moreover, the programs are open for entertaining content including a foreign-made one. There is also a visual and aesthetic adaptation of pre-TV cultural forms of theater and the tabloid press, etc. Therefore, we can speak of a rather flexible programming policy of the BBC One, which can be a good model to develop strategies for public service broadcasters in other countries.
News Reporting: Substitution of Functions
Authors: Pavlova Lena N. , Argylov Nikita A.
Published: April 2021

The issue of journalistic functions fulfillment by the modern mass media is considered. The authors examined a number of news reports in socio-political online media and found some cases where the classic functions of journalism such as informing and controlling were substituted by PR functions. The content analysis revealed an alarmingly large number of pseudo journalistic reports, which mainly aimed to create and maintain a positive image. The reason why journalism is losing its value is the lack of professionals representing the public interest. The analysis shown a high number of publications, based on (practically unchanged) press releases, that is common to a number of media and clearly illustrates the unprofessionalism of the authors of pseudo news. The regional media have to monetize its activity, so the matter of finance wins over the matter of beliefs. However, the media and, in particular, journalism is quickly losing public credibility. In general, we are witnessing the undermining of classical journalistic creativity and the merging of this concept with other wider categories of public relations.
The Main Tendencies in the Cuban News Web Sites Development
Authors: Rastorgueva Natalia E. , Barcelay Ramirez Yarileisy
Published: April 2021

The changes that have taken place in the work of Cuban news agencies during the digitalization of media production are analyzed. Over the past few years, they have been undergoing a process of transformation, changing their approaches to providing information and introducing new products. To study these processes, the authors resort to the digital platforms of two news agencies - Prensa Latina and Agencia Cubana de Noticias , as well as the online news portal Cubadebate . Comparative and analytical methods of research reveal the specific features of functioning of these media resources at the present moment. The authors conclude that despite the international isolation Cuba experienced for more than sixty years and relatively limited financial resources allocated for media development, the country's media market has entered a period of modernization. All the changes taking place will greatly expand the possibilities for integrating Cuban news agencies into global information processes.
Reunion with Self in Terry McMillan’s I Almost Forgot About You
Authors: Pawar Pradip Nathuram
Published: April 2021

The novel I Almost Forgot About You by Terry McMillan, which deals with the problem of finding your own identity by studying the components of personality and the context in the formation of identity, is examined. African American feminist literature consists of common themes like sense of being different, managing multiple selves and quest for identity. Terry McMillans works represent African American female characters struggle for self-realization that help them in better understanding of the present and planning for the future by reestablishing their identity. The predicament of Georgia, protagonist of the novel, is that she has lost selfhood after subsequent divorces. In due course of time, her role in the family becomes diminished; also she loses interest in the professional life. Her aimlessness and strong desire to restore self leads her to search for male companion among her old boyfriends. She believes that self-satisfaction is possible with exploration of self for that she decides to go on a train trip and tries to focus on nurturing the hobby of woodwork. It helps her in regaining her internal and external self. Thus, the leitmotif of the novel is the search for your own identity as an attempt of inquiry for the destined future.
Theoretical and Methodological Bases of a New School Model in Russia: Cultural-Historical Psychology and the Activity Approach as the Foundation of Educational Practice
Authors: Zaretsky Viktor K. , Zaretsky Yury V. , Karyagina Tatiana D. , Ostroverkh Oksana S. , Tikhomirova Anna V. , Fedorenko Elena Yu.
Published: April 2021

To overcome the crisis of the modern school institution, it is necessary to qualitatively rethink its foundations and to design fundamentally new approaches to implementing the educational program. The theoretical and methodological bases of the concept of a new type of school as a development practice, based on the provisions of Russian cultural-historical psychology and the activity approach are presented. The purpose of the work is to consider in the modern context the key theoretical provisions of Russian psychology and to formulate the methodological principles arising from them, which set the conditions for organizing the educational process, thus ensuring the transition from theory to practice. The key concepts of the school model are development, agency and collaboration: infinite development is formulated as the supreme goal and value of the school, the development of the position of agency is considered as the main productive process, and collaboration is the main professional principle. Eight basic principles are formulated as follows: intent - implementation - reflection as a methodological scheme for organizing school processes, the principle of multidimensional development, the principle of equal importance of school activities, the principle of congruence, the principle of organizing the educational space as a space for growing up, the principle of fellowship of practices and the development-oriented approach to evaluation. Thus, the article presents the authors view of the school as a scientifically grounded anthropological practice. The implementation of the concept, which has already begun in Russia, is an experiment that will make it possible to verify these theoretical and methodological provisions.
Dynamics of Perception Distortions of Human Body Physical Dimensions in Virtual Reality
Authors: Varlamov Andrey V. , Yakovleva Natalya V.
Published: April 2021

Controlling characters in a virtual reality (VR) environment can lead to the interiorization of their body dimensions by the recipients. The possible preservation of these distortions in their psyche will indicate a high degree of psychological impact of a VR on a person and the potential danger of developing depersonalization of the recipients and their dependence on such stimulation. The study of the stability of these distortions is necessary in the context of ensuring the safety of the impact of VR environments on the human psyche. The main focus of the study is on the perception distortions of human body dimensions, as they are sensed by people immersed in a VR environment, and their dynamics depending on the number of immersions. The impact of the virtual reality environment was simulated using the Freedom Locomotion VR application. One virtual reality immersion session took 15 minutes. To obtain psychometric indicators of the subjects perception of their own body dimensions, the technique Measurements according to M. Feldenkrais was used. All the participants (N = 45, three experimental groups) underwent a mandatory preliminary measurement using this technique (several hours before exposure) and a final measurement (one day after the last exposure). At the same time, the results of preliminary measurements were taken as indicators of the subjects habitual perception of their own body dimensions and were considered in each data processing as a comparison group. Free movement in a VR environment leads to distortions in the subjects perception of their own body dimensions. In all the experimental groups, there was a tendency to exaggerate body dimensions immediately after immersions, which indicates the qualitative similarity of these distortions. The effect of repetitive immersion in a VR environment on the perception of body dimensions is that it increases awareness in perceiving body parts that are least active at the time of immersion. Controlling an anthropomorphic character in a VR leads to an increase in the subjective significance of the recipients own body perception and an increased concentration of attention on the parameters least involved in immersion. The results of the study show that an increased level of awareness in perceiving their own bodies is characteristic of the subjects who have experience of repetitive immersions in a VR environment in the guise of an anthropomorphic character. Controlling a bodily projection in a VR headset does not cause its long-term interiorization, but has a positive effect on the formation of personal corporeality.
Psychological Characteristics of the “New Generation”: Homogeneity vs Heterogeneity
Authors: Pishchik Vlada I.
Published: April 2021

Researchers of the new generation (born in 2000-2017), also called Z, Net Generation, iGen, demonstrate the manifestation of similar features in different countries: an obsession with smartphones, the predominance of online contacts, dependence on parents, a tendency to depression, social liberality. However, numerous Russian and international studies mainly compare representatives of different generations, and less attention is paid to the problem of uniformity of psychological characteristics within one generation. The aim of the present empirical study was to find uniformity/heterogeneity in the psychological characteristics of representatives of the new Russian generation ( N = 434, Russians, 228 - girls, 206 - boys,) in two groups: university students (128 girls, 120 boys aged 19-20 years) and high school students (100 girls, 86 boys aged 16-17 years). To determine the characteristics of representatives of the generation, we used the questionnaire by Twenge; The Brief Measure of Big-Five Personality Traits (TIPI-RU), The Questionnaire for Measuring Values through Fears (by Pischik), The Questionnaire for Measuring Beliefs in Conspiracies (by Pischik, Mutalimova), The Social Axioms Questionnaire (by Bond Leung), questionnaire Motivation for Help (by Nartova-Bochaver). As a result, it was found that in both groups of the new generation, the most pronounced personality traits were shown: agreeableness, conscientiousness and openness; and belief in a conspiracy: political, secret organizations, globalism. At the same time, in the group of high school students the openness to experience, awareness of values, belief in globalism are more expressed. In the group of university students there is a high value for the Others, but the belief in a secret organizations and the conscious commitment of catastrophization are prevailing. Thus, in both groups of representatives of the new generation, most of the studied psychological characteristics showed similarity of values, but it is impossible to speak about their complete uniformity, which is confirmed by the differences in factor structures. The practical significance of the study lies in the application of the obtained data in preventive, advisory, educational activities in working with youth.
Pengembangan Sistem Informasi Sekolah Berbasis Website Di SMK Taman Karya Madya Ngemplak
Authors: Nuryansyah Ahmad , Ratnawati Dwi
Published: April 2021

Adanya sistem informasi sekolah merupakan suatu hal penting yang berperan sebagai sarana promosi sekolah, dan juga sebagai media informasi dan komunikasi. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara dengan kepala sekolah SMK Taman Karya Madya Ngemplak menjelaskan bahwa, saat ini penyebaran informasi seputar SMK Taman Karya Madya Ngemplak, masih disampaikan dalam bentuk media cetak seperti brosur dan poster. Hal ini menjadikan penyampaian informasi ke warga sekolah dan utamanya masyarakat menjadi kurang efektif dan efisien. Terutama untuk menarik minat calon siswa agar mendaftar di SMK Taman Karya Madya Ngemplak. Selain itu, penggunaan media cetak menghabiskan dana yang banyak, yaitu rata-rata Rp.5.000.000., dan terus bertambah setiap tahunnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan sistem informasi sekolah untuk membantu pihak sekolah dalam mengolah informasi mengenai SMK Taman Karya Madya Ngemplak dengan mudah dan efisien serta dana yang lebih sedikit. Metode penelitian yang diterapkan pada penelitian ini adalah dengan pengembangan metode waterfall. Pengujian dilakukan dengan teknik black-box testing. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu wawancara, observasi dan studi pustaka. Berdasarkan uji black-box, dihasilkan Sistem Informasi Sekolah Berbasis Website di Taman Karya Madya Ngemplak dapat membantu menyelesaikan masalah yang telah dikemukakan sebelumnya.
ANALISIS DAMPAK PENDAYAGUNAAN ZAKAT PRODUKTIF TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PENDAPATAN USAHA MUSTAHIK BERDASARKAN MODEL CIBEST (Studi Kasus pada Baitul Mal Aceh)
Authors: Jaili Muhibbul , Adnan Muhammad , Furqani Hafas
Published: April 2021

Baitul Mal Aceh mendistribusikan zakat produktif menilai calon mustahik menggunakan model CIBEST yang bertujuan dapat memberi pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap keberhasilan usaha dan tingkat kemampuan mustahik dalam mengembangkan modal usaha yang telah diberikan oleh Baitul Mal. Penelitian ini berupaya menganalisis bagaimana penentuan calon mustahik dalam pendistribusian zakat produktif yang dilakukan oleh Baitul Mal Aceh dengan menggunakan model cibest,  bagaimana dampak pemberdayaan zakat produktif terhadap peningkatan pendapatan usaha mustahik dengan menggunakan model CIBEST. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan sumber data dari Baitul Mal Aceh. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi, wawancara, kuisioner dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Penentuan calon mustahik dalam pendistribusian zakat produktif yang dilakukan oleh Baitul Mal Aceh berdasarkan model CIBEST. Tujuan penggunaan model CIBEST ini adalah untuk melihat tingkat kemiskinan dari calon mustahik, bukan hanya kemiskinan materiil saja yang dinilai tetapi juga kemiskinan spiritual. Dampak pemberdayaan zakat produktif terhadap peningkatan keberhasilan usaha mustahik pada Baitul Mal Aceh ketika dianalisis dengan menggunakan CIBEST terlihat adanya perubahan jumlah mustahik dari kategori miskin materil ke kategori sejahtera yang diketahui dari perubahan  pendapatan usaha sebelum dan sesudah diberikan zakat produktif , hal ini sangat dipengaruhi oleh pengelolaan zakat produktif secara baik, pendistribusiannya tepat sasaran serta dilakukan pendampingan secara berlanjut.
Evaluation of children with acute gastroenteritis in Konya region
Authors: KILIÇ Ahmet Osman , ATWAN Hussein M.h. , YAZAR Abdullah , AKIN Fatih
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Acute gastroenteritis is a major cause of pediatric morbidity and mortality around the world. It remains a frequent reason for infection-related admissions to emergency units among all age groups. Epidemiologic knowledge about etiology of gastroenteritis in a certain area allows early and correct diagnosis. The current study aimed at evaluating the prevalence of bacterial, viral, and parasitic pathogens in children with gastroenteritis who admitted to pediatric emergency unit. Methods: The demographic, clinical and laboratory data of 450 children with acute gastroenteritis, within the age range of 0 months to 18 years who admitted to Pediatric Emergency Department of Meram Faculty of Medicine from September 2018 to September 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.Results: While 31.10% of the patients had etiological agents, 68.90% of the patients could not be identified. The identified pathogens were 2.10% bacteria, 82.20% virus, 15.70% parasite. The most common pathogen was Rotavirus with a rate of 72.90%. This was followed by E. histolytica with 15.00% and Adenovirus with 9.30%. Rotavirus was most frequently detected at the age of 2 years, and E. histolytica was most frequently detected at the age of 5 years. Rotavirus was most common in the winter season [33.7%]. 7.10% of the patients were hospitalized. The average length of hospital stay was 3.34 ± 2.19 days.Conclusion: Rotavirus, E. histolytica and Adenovirus were the most prevalent agents of diarrhea in children aged 0 month to 18 years who admitted to emergency unit in this study.