bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A importância da prevenção dos fatores de riscos no acidente vascular encefálico: revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Oliveira Melquisedeque Silva de , Maciel Regiane de Paula
Published: December 2021

O Acidente Vascular encefálico (AVE) é uma doença caracterizada por um comprometimento funcional neurológico, envolvendo o sistema nervoso central resultando em um distúrbio de circulação. O mesmo pode ser qualificado por isquêmico, ao acontecer a obstrução dos vasos sanguíneos ou hemorrágico originado através da ruptura de um vaso sanguíneo. Objetiva-se enfatizar a importância da prevenção dos fatores de risco no Acidente Vascular Encefálico, a partir de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. A pesquisa direcionou o foco para uma perspectiva dos métodos de revisão integrativa da literatura. Coleta de dados dos artigos na literatura foi realizada uma busca nas seguintes bases de dados: Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval Sistem on-line (Medline), Google acadêmico e Scielo. O risco de AVE começa a aumentar com o passar dos anos, Entre os principais fatores de risco, existem fatores não modificáveis que são: a hereditariedade, o sexo e a etnia, sendo o sexo masculino e a raça negra que apresentam maior incidência de AVE isquêmica. Enquanto nos fatores de risco modificáveis, se classificam a hipertensão arterial, sendo o principal deles, onde acarreta um aumento superior a três vezes na incidência em casos de AVE. Conclui-se que o diagnóstico precoce assegura maior minimização dos danos ao paciente e também é de responsabilidade da equipe de saúde e do enfermeiro.
Contact Lens Solutions Toxicity Evaluation by the Bioluminescence Method
Authors: Levchenko Yu. S. , Stepanova L. V.
Published: December 2021

Purpose. To study the possibility of using bioluminescence biotesting to evaluate the toxicity of contact lens care solutions.Methods. The examined solutions were tested both immediately upon unpacking (i.e. sterile) and after rinsing “Pure Vision 2” lenses in them (i.e. after use). As a test system, NADH:FMN oxidoreductase and luciferase bacterial bio enzyme system was used. It contained lyophilized highly purified ferments of EC 1.14.14.3 bacterial luciferase (0.4 mg/ml) from E.coli recombinant variant and EC 1.5.1.29 NADH:FMN oxidoreductase (Ph. leiognathi) (0.18 enzyme units). The bioluminescent testing was carried out with TriStar LB 941 microplate luminometer (Germany). The measurement of the luminescence intensity was carried out in two repetitions. Residual luminescence (T, %), calculated as the ratio of the average maximum luminescence intensities of the experimental measurement (solution) and the control measurement, multiplied by 100%, was used as an integral indicator. Results. The results of bioluminescent testing of sterile solutions showed that “Maxima” solution exhibited the greatest inhibition of bioluminescence, while “Optimed” (Russia) and “AVIZOR Aqua Soft Comfort” solutions demonstrated the least effect. “Bausch + Lomb Biotrue” solution did not affect the bioluminescence. The results of bioluminescence testing of the solutions after contact lenses that had previously been worn for 10 hours were stored in them, showed a strong inhibition of bioluminescence in all solutions. Conclusion. The results of the toxicity evaluation allow for a more reliable prognosis of the long-term consequences of using certain solutions by contact lens wearers from risk groups. The findings also provide more insight into the mechanisms of development of discomfort and other reasons for refusing to wear lenses, as well as to suggest more effective prevention measures.
ETNOMODELAGEM: FORMALIZANDO O CONCEITO DE FUNÇÃO POR MEIO DA ELABORAÇÃO DE (ETNO)MODELOS PARA PRODUÇÃO ARTESANAL DE CHOCOLATE
Authors: Santos Jonas dos , Madruga Zulma Elizabete de Freitas
Published: December 2021

Este artigo apresenta recorte de uma dissertação que objetivou analisar o desenvolvimento de uma proposta de ensino, fundamentada na Etnomodelagem, para a construção de etnomodelos para a produção artesanal de chocolate, por meio do conceito de função. Essa proposta foi desenvolvida em uma turma com 28 estudantes do 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola do sul da Bahia, Brasil. A pesquisa é qualitativa e utilizou-se a Análise de Conteúdo como método de análise dos dados. Neste artigo é apresentada a categoria emergente: formalizando conceitos e elaborando etnomodelos. Como resultado, observou-se que os conhecimentos êmicos provenientes da visita à fábrica, possibilitaram aos estudantes a criação de hipóteses e sistematização da produção de chocolate para determinada quantidade de cacau, calculando os possíveis lucros dos assentados. Por meios dos etnomodelos êmicos, os participantes conseguiram criar (etno)modelos algébricos (éticos e/ou dialógicos) para representar a produção de chocolate artesanal da fábrica. Considera-se que essa proposta auxiliou os estudantes para formalizarem o conceito de função, e uso contextualizado do objeto matemático, atrelado ao aspecto cultural, contribuiu para que os estudantes se envolvessem no processo de ensino e aprendizagem, na construção de autonomia, e superação de dificuldades de interagir com diferentes tipos de pessoas.
A MODELAGEM MATEMÁTICA COMO UMA AÇÃO PEDAGÓGICA PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO DE CONTEÚDOS DE ANÁLISE COMBINATÓRIA: EXTRAPOLANDO OS ESPAÇOS DA SALA DE AULA
Authors: Bastos Ticiano Azevedo , Rosa Milton
Published: December 2021

Este artigo apresenta o recorte de uma pesquisa de Mestrado Profissional em Educação Matemática realizada com 17 alunos do segundo ano do Ensino Médio, de uma escola particular, em uma cidade localizada na região Leste do Estado de Minas Gerais, cujo objetivo é apresentar uma ação pedagógica para a perspectiva sociocrítica da Modelagem Matemática relacionada com o desenvolvimento de conceitos de Análise Combinatória. Durante o desenvolvimento das atividades de modelagem, os alunos em seus grupos visitaram as academias para observar os processos de prescrição das fichas de treinos de musculação em horários considerados como de pico, nos quais, geralmente, é necessário realizar o revezamento de equipamentos entre os frequentadores dessa modalidade de treinamento físico. Após essa visita, os alunos realizaram atividades curriculares nas aulas de Matemática para analisarem os processos de prescrição das fichas de treino e elaborarem modelos matemáticos com o suporte do conhecimento de análise combinatória, que objetivou minimizar e/ou reduzir o problema de congestionamento nas academias visitadas. Os dados produzidos nessa pesquisa, de caráter qualitativo, foram analisados por meio de uma adaptação da Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados. Os resultados mostram que uma das sugestões para minimizar o problema de congestionamento nessas academias foi aumentar o número de aparelhos no salão de musculação. É importante destacar que as discussões críticas e reflexivas sobre a qualidade do serviço oferecido pelas academias também foram observadas pelos alunos no processo de elaboração dos modelos matemáticos.
A APRENDIZAGEM DE FUNÇÃO QUADRÁTICA: UMA EXPERIÊNCIA COM A MODELAGEM MATEMÁTICA NA EDUCAÇÃO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS
Authors: SILVA FERNANDO GUIMARÃES DA , AGUIAR ROGÉRIO DE , SIPLE IVANETE ZUCHI
Published: December 2021

Este artigo é um recorte de uma dissertação de mestrado de Silva (2018), no qual são relatadas as contribuições de uma atividade sobre função quadrática, por meio da modelagem matemática, proposta a uma turma do Ensino Médio da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA). Nesta atividade foi proposto um modelo matemático para descrever o lançamento horizontal de um determinado objeto proveniente de uma aeronave em pleno voo, visando contribuir com uma aprendizagem significativa para os estudantes. Para realização da atividade, utilizaram-se as fases da modelagem matemática de acordo com Almeida (2013), bem como aplicamos de mapas conceituais para verificar indícios de aprendizagem significativa de acordo com Moreira (2010). A coleta de dados foi efetuada por meio de questões sobre a função quadrática e de mapas conceituais produzidos pelos alunos. A partir das análises das produções dos alunos, puderam ser observados indícios de aprendizagem significativa entre esses estudantes do Ensino Médio do Centro de Educação de Jovens e Adultos (CEJA).
MODELAGEM MATEMÁTICA: UMA INTERPRETAÇÃO A PARTIR DE LENTES SEMIÓTICAS
Authors: Silva Liane Maria da , Veronez Michele Regiane Dias
Published: December 2021

Temos por objetivo, neste artigo, discutir acerca de aspectos da Modelagem Matemática revelados nos triângulos epistemológicos que consideram os signos produzidos/manifestos por alunos ao longo de uma atividade de modelagem matemática. A atividade analisada corresponde ao 3º momento de familiarização com Modelagem Matemática, ou seja, o tema que gera a atividade é sugerido pelos próprios alunos. Tendo como aporte teórico os referenciais supracitados, construímos triângulos epistemológicos de uma atividade de modelagem matemática desenvolvida por um grupo de alunas de uma turma de 4° ano de um curso de licenciatura em Matemática de uma universidade pública do Paraná, na disciplina de Modelagem Matemática na perspectiva da Educação Matemática. É a metodologia de pesquisa qualitativa que embasa todas as nossas opções metodológicas, já que temos por interesse realizar uma análise interpretativa dos signos. Os resultados sinalizam que os (des)conhecimentos dos alunos, associados ao fazer modelagem matemática ou relativos aos objetos matemáticos, manifestos por meio de signos, denotados nos triângulos epistemológicos, enaltecem os elementos característicos de uma atividade de modelagem matemática e o caráter dinâmico inerente à Modelagem Matemática.
AVALIAÇÃO EM MODELAGEM MATEMÁTICA: FOCOS E MODOS DE FAZER
Authors: Magalhães Gustavo Granado , Almeida Lourdes Maria Werle de
Published: December 2021

Este artigo apresenta uma investigação relativa à avaliação em modelagem matemática. Os resultados decorrem de uma revisão sistemática de artigos publicados no período de 2010 a 2020, considerando tanto publicações brasileiras quanto internacionais. A análise das publicações conduz à identificação dos principais focos e encaminhamentos dados à avaliação em modelagem na última década. Identificamos três focos de avaliação: as etapas identificadas no ciclo de modelagem, avaliação da competência e de sub-competências de modelagem e a avaliação da aprendizagem de conteúdos da Matemática. Relativamente aos encaminhamentos, estes se voltam para duas possibilidades: um viés holístico, em que se busca avaliar a modelagem como um todo; um viés atomístico, em que se avalia, separadamente, partes do desenvolvimento da atividade de modelagem. Com relação aos instrumentos usados para a avaliação, identificamos cinco possibilidades: as rubricas de avaliação, o uso de testes com questões de múltipla-escolha, a estruturação de um framework para as ações dos alunos, a atividade de modelagem como um instrumento de avaliação e a elaboração de critérios a posteriori para avaliar. A principal lacuna detectada nas práticas de avaliação refere-se à possibilidade de incorporar nos instrumentos de avaliação as diferentes perspectivas com que atividades de modelagem podem ser introduzidas nas aulas de matemática.
Resistencia o asimilación: el reto de las comunidades alevíes em Turquía para el reconocimiento de las casas Cem
Authors: Sánchez Carlos Ortega
Published: December 2021

A lo largo de su historia, el alevismo turco ha existido siempre en la periferia política, siendo en muchas ocasiones objeto de persecución por parte de las élites gobernantes. Durante el siglo XX, con el nacimiento de la República de Turquía, la comunidad aleví se adhirió a los valores seculares del estado. Sin embargo, el surgimiento del Islam político contemporáneo ha venido planteando desde la década de 1980 graves dificultades a la población aleví. Por un lado las comunidades alevíes se han visto sometidas a ataques violentos por parte de radicales islamistas y nacionalistas. Por otro, los distintos gobiernos no sólo no han reconocido oficialmente la religión aleví sino que han llevado a cabo políticas de asimilación. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo presentar el desarrollo de la comunidad aleví turca analizando el debate sobre el reconocimiento oficial de sus lugares de rezo, las casas Cem, así como determinando las políticas asimilacionistas gubernamentales.
La primera evangelización jesuita de los huarpe desde la residencia de Mendoza. ¿Catequizar o salvar vidas?
Authors: Page Carlos A.
Published: December 2021

Presentamos al P. Diego de Torres Bollo, uno de los jesuitas que desafió el servicio personal desde su llegada como provincial al Paraguay en 1607. Atravesó la flamante provincia desde Perú hasta cruzar la cordillera y posiblemente, al ver el trato al que eran sometidos los huarpe, fue cuando fortaleció su postura frente a la encomienda que marcó el accionar futuro de los jesuitas de su tiempo. Tal es el caso de los misioneros que actuaron en los inicios de su instalación en la ciudad de Mendoza, sobre todo del P. Juan Pastor. De tal manera que este artículo tiene por objetivo dar a conocer detalles de la situación social de los huarpe de la región cuyana, vista principalmente por los propios jesuitas, que debieron enfrentarse al dilema que significó la conquista, entre la evangelización y la empatía que les produjo el sufrimiento del otro, evidenciando su pensamiento en la corriente jurídico-teológica denominada “Escuela Ibérica de la Paz”.
“Tão mulher como as outras mulheres da terra”: freiras contra o patriarcado no agreste central de Pernambuco
Authors: Andrade Julyana Nascimento de , Nascimento José Almir do
Published: December 2021

Buscamos compreender como freiras de uma pequena comunidade inserida no meio popular construíram significados de gênero e de feminino, de modo a dar respostas às demandas de participação e autonomia das mulheres com quem conviviam. Utilizamos conceitos de “Patriarcado” e “Vida Religiosa nas Pequenas Comunidades Inseridas no Meio Popular” (PCIs) como escopo teórico para compreensão da investigação empírica, que foi realizada por meio da história de vida de religiosas da Congregação das Filhas do Coração Imaculado de Maria (Cordimarianas) que fundaram uma comunidade em Riacho das Almas, cidade do agreste pernambucano. As freiras em estudo, protagonizaram inovações na práxis pastoral, contribuindo significativamente para que homens e mulheres pudessem construir relações simétricas no exercício do poder na Igreja e na sociedade.
O discurso da identidade e os ritos angolanos em “Maka na Sanzala”, de Uanhenga Xitu
Authors: Manuel Juma , Mapera Martins
Published: December 2021

Este estudo propõe-se a interpretar as relações entre a literatura e o seu condicionamento social em “Maka na Sanzala”, de Uanhenga Xitu. À luz de uma análise de orientação sócio-antropológica, foi possível compreender que “Maka na Sanzala”, ao mesmo tempo que proporciona uma leitura de cunho intimista, integra em sua estrutura as formas com que os valores culturais e tradicionais interferem no raciocínio das personagens e na ação narrativa. Para mostrar as imbricações entre texto e contexto, recorremos ao método analítico-descritivo assegurado pela análise sociológica de António Cândido. A desconstrução dos elementos tradicionais e identitários de natureza ritualística constituiu a principal preocupação deste trabalho. Essa forneceu as bases para aferir que o universo mítico dos contos de Uanhenga Xitu procura restituir a identidade cultural angolana.
Анальная трещина
Authors: Агапов М. А. , Алиев  Ф. Ш. , Ачкасов С. И. , Башанкаев Б. Н. , Бирюков  О. М. , Благодарный  Л. А. , Васильев  С. В. , Григорьев Е. Г. , Грошилин  В. С. , Жарков Е. Е. , Карпухин  О. Ю. , Костарев  И. В. , Костенко Н. В. , Кузьминов  А. М. , Маркарьян Д. Р. , Москалев  А. И. , Мудров  А. А. , Муравьев  А. В. , Нечай  И. А. , Тимербулатов  В. М. , Титов А. Ю. , Фролов  С. А. , Хрюкин  Р. Ю. , Хубезов  Д. А. , Шелыгин  Ю. А.
Published: December 2021

.
New morphological risk factors for metastasis to regional lymph nodes in rectal cancer with invasion into the submucosa
Authors: Maynovskaya O. A. , Rybakov E. G. , Chernyshov S. V. , Shelygin Yu. A. , Achkasov S. I.
Published: December 2021

AIM to assess prognostic significance of pathologic features of T1 rectal carcinoma in relation to regional lymph nodes involvement (N+).

MATERIAL AND METHODS: surgical specimens (n = 66) from rectal resection for carcinoma pT1 were investigated. Following prognosticators were evaluated: depth of submucosal invasion, grade of differentiation, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), tumor budding (Bd), poorly differentiated clusters (PDC) of tumor and rupture of cancer glands (CGR).

RESULTS: lymph nodes metastases were found in 13 (19.7%) specimens. LVI was associated lymphatic spread in great possibility OR 38.0 95% CI 2.1-670 (p < 0.0001). Tumor budding of high grade (Bd3) OR 6.2 95% CI 1.2-31 (p < 0.0001) and poorly differentiated clusters (p = 0,03) also increased risk of lymph node metastases. Depth of submucosal invasion, grade of differentiation, and rupture of cancer glands failed to demonstrate significant association with N+. Logistic regression analysis allowed to determine LVI as independent prognostic factor of lymph node tumor involvement.

CONCLUSION: lymphovascular invasion, tumor budding and poorly differentiated clusters of tumor are risk factors of T1 rectal carcinoma lymph node metastases.
Comments on the article. Colonic invagination anastomosis in surgery of complicated forms of diverticular disease
Authors: Pankratova Yu. S. , Karpukhin O. Yu. , Ziganshin M. I. , Shakurov A. F.
Published: December 2021

.
The effectiveness of combined topical product with fluocortolone pivalate and lidocaine for hemorrhoids: results of a multicenter observational study
Authors: Kostarev I. V. , Agapov M. A. , Groshilin V. S. , Dvaladze L. G. , Tvorogov D. A. , Churgulia M. Z.
Published: December 2021

AIM: to assess the changes in hemorrhoids symptoms and satisfaction with treatment against the background of treatment with a combined topical product Relief® Pro.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:multicenter prospective non-interventional cohort study was done in 13 clinical centers in Russia. The study included patients aged 18 to 65 years with acute hemorrhoids of stages 1–2 treated with the combined product Relief® Pro (rectal suppositories, cream or a combination thereof). The follow-up period was up to 14 days (in the case of 2 visits to the clinical center after receiving the initial data). The analysis was performed on the basis of data obtained at Visit 2 (5–7 days of therapy) and Visit 3 (10–14 days of therapy) vs the initial data (Visit 1). Following criteria were used: the severity of hemorrhoid symptoms on the Sodergren scale, the severity of hemorrhoid symptoms (pain, bleeding, itching, edema, the presence of discharge, a feeling of discomfort), the size of the largest hemorrhoid node, the satisfaction of the doctor and the patient with treatment, assessment of the patient’s adherence to recommendations for lifestyle changes and treatment, evaluation of the use of the drug Relief® were evaluated as endpoints About the treatment process and patient preferences regarding the dosage form of the prescribed drug. In addition, adverse events were evaluated.

RESULTS: the study included 1000 patients aged 18 to 65 years (men — 54.5%, women — 45.5%) Patients had grade 1 acute hemorrhoids (330 patients), grade 2 acute hemorrhoids (345 patients) and exacerbation of chronic hemorrhoids (325 patients). The drug Relief® Pro rectal cream was used by 333 patients; suppositories — 383 patients; joint therapy with both dosage forms — 284 patients. During follow-up (visits 2 and 3), positive dynamics was observed in patients — a decrease in the severity of hemorrhoid symptoms both during objective examination and according to patient questionnaires. So, according to the patients’ estimates, the use of Relief® Pro, regardless of the form, led to a decrease in the severity or disappearance of the main symptoms of hemorrhoids — bleeding, itching, edema, the presence of discharge, discomfort already by Visit 2 and in almost all patients by the end of observation. A similar change of the symptoms due the digital examination: by day 5–7, the severity of edema and bleeding in the perianal region, bleeding decreased. About 96% of patients and about 97% of doctors were satisfied with the treatment. Application of both forms of Relief® The ABM was characterized by good tolerability: there were no adverse events associated, according to the researcher, with the studied drug.

CONCLUSIONS: combined topical product Relief® Pro is effective for hemorrhoids.
Analysis of Mechanical Properties and Permeability of Trabecular-Like Porous Scaffold by Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Chao Long , Jiao Chen , Liang Huixin , Xie Deqiao , Shen Lida , Liu Zhidong
Published: December 2021

Human bone cells live in a complex environment, and the biomimetic design of porous structures attached to implants is in high demand. Porous structures based on Voronoi tessellation with biomimetic potential are gradually used in bone repair scaffolds. In this study, the mechanical properties and permeability of trabecular-like porous scaffolds with different porosity levels and average apertures were analyzed. The mechanical properties of bone-implant scaffolds were evaluated using finite element analysis and a mechanical compression experiment, and the permeability was studied by computational fluid dynamics. Finally, the attachment of cells was observed by confocal fluorescence microscope. The results show that the performance of porous structures can be controlled by the initial design of the microstructure and tissue morphology. A good structural design can accurately match the performance of the natural bone. The study of mechanical properties and permeability of the porous structure can help address several problems, including stress shielding and bone ingrowth in existing biomimetic bone structures, and will also promotes cell adhesion, migration, and eventual new bone attachment.
A Comprehensive Evaluation of ZrC Nanoparticle in Combined Photothermal and Radiation Therapy for Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Jiang Shan , Liu Zhao , Tian Yuhang , Zhuang Ming , Piao Shiqi , Gao Yan , Tam Andrew , Hu Hongtao , Cheng Wen
Published: December 2021

Because of the difficulty in treating triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), the search for treatments has never stopped. Treatment opinions remain limited for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The current treatment approach of using photothermal therapy (PTT) is often imprecise and has limited penetration below the surface of the skin. On the other hand, radiation therapy (RT) has its unavoidable disadvantages, such as side effects or ineffectiveness against hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME). In this study, we proposed the use of ZrC nanoparticles in conjunction with RT/PTT to enhance antitumor and antimetastatic effect. We modified the ZrC nanoparticle with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and folic acid (FA), sizing desirable about 100nm. The photothermal conversion efficiency was calculated to be 40.51% and sensitizer enhancement ration (SER) was 1.8. With addition of ZrC NPs, more DNA were damaged in γ-H2AX and more ROS were detected with immunofluorescence. In vitro and vivo, the combined therapy with ZrC NPS showed the best effect of tumor cell inhibition and safety. Our results provide evidence that the combination of ZrC NPs, PT, and RT is effective in of TNBC, making it a great potential application for cancer therapy in clinic.
Advances in the Progression and Prognosis Biomarkers of Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Yan Zhonghong , Wang Guanran , Shi Xingyang
Published: December 2021

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the increasingly serious public health concerns worldwide; the global burden of CKD is increasingly due to high morbidity and mortality. At present, there are three key problems in the clinical treatment and management of CKD. First, the current diagnostic indicators, such as proteinuria and serum creatinine, are greatly interfered by the physiological conditions of patients, and the changes in the indicator level are not synchronized with renal damage. Second, the established diagnosis of suspected CKD still depends on biopsy, which is not suitable for contraindication patients, is also traumatic, and is not sensitive to early progression. Finally, the prognosis of CKD is affected by many factors; hence, it is ineviatble to develop effective biomarkers to predict CKD prognosis and improve the prognosis through early intervention. Accurate progression monitoring and prognosis improvement of CKD are extremely significant for improving the clinical treatment and management of CKD and reducing the social burden. Therefore, biomarkers reported in recent years, which could play important roles in accurate progression monitoring and prognosis improvement of CKD, were concluded and highlighted in this review article that aims to provide a reference for both the construction of CKD precision therapy system and the pharmaceutical research and development.
Оксана Кукуруз, Взаимодействие политики и права в процессе общественной трансформации в Украине и Республике Польша
Authors: Kyliushyk Ivanna
Published: December 2021

The author of the book research the interaction of politics and law as two important social regulators that have a common goal the effective development of society. The author defines the real models of interaction between politics and law, which have formed in Ukraine and the Republic of Poland in the process of social transformation, and the creation of an appropriate model, which should be based on the goal of ensuring the public interest.
Review of Low-Frequency Noise Properties of High-Power White LEDs during Long-Term Aging
Authors: Palenskis Vilius , Matukas Jonas , Glemža Justinas , Pralgauskaitė Sandra
Published: December 2021

Low-frequency noise investigation is a highly sensitive and very informative method for characterization of white nitride-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as well as for the evaluation of their degradation. We present a review of quality and reliability investigations of high-power (1 W and 3 W) white light-emitting diodes during long-term aging at the maximum permissible forward current at room temperature. The research was centered on the investigation of blue InGaN and AlInGaN quantum wells (QWs) LEDs covered by a YAG:Ce3+ phosphor layer for white light emission. The current-voltage, light output power, and low-frequency noise characteristics were measured. A broadband silicon photodetector and two-color (blue and red) selective silicon photodetectors were used for the LED output power detection, which makes it possible to separate physical processes related to the initial blue light radiation and the phosphor luminescence. Particular attention was paid to the measurement and interpretation of the simultaneous cross-correlation coefficient between electrical and optical fluctuations. The presented method enables to determine which part of fluctuations originates in the quantum well layer of the LED. The technique using the two-color selective photodetector enables investigation of changes in the noise properties of the main blue light source and the phosphor layer during the long-term aging.
Feminization of Resistance: Reclaiming the Affective and the Indefinite as Counter-Strategy in Academic Labor Activism
Authors: Vatansever Aslı
Published: December 2021

‘Feminization’ is used either quantitatively to indicate an increased female labor market participation or qualitatively to refer to labor devaluation and to types of work that supposedly require “feminine” skillsets. This article cautiously hews to the qualitative interpretations but suggests an affirmative reconstruction of the concept in the context of collective action. It argues that contemporary grassroots academic labor movements rely more explicitly on collective emotions and aim at building long-term bases of solidarity, instead of performative activism and mass mobilizations. This ‘affective turn’ in academic labor activism is argued to signal a “feminization of resistance”, characterized by a pronounced propensity for affective and relational groundwork. This argument is substantiated in view of the Network for Decent Work in Academia (NGAWiss), a nation-wide precarious researchers’ network in Germany, and the New Faculty Majority (NFM), an adjunct advocacy group in the US. The aim is twofold: first, the article contributes to a better understanding of contemporary labor activism by elucidating the precarious collective’s incremental achievements, often ignored by the outcome-oriented labor movement literature. Second, by reframing it as a mode of affective resistance, the article extends the analytical scope of the term “feminization”.
First detection of carbapenem resistance in Enterobacteriaceae isolates isolated from dairy cows’ mastitis infection in Türkiye
Authors: BABACAN Orkun
Published: December 2021

With this study, carbapenem resistance genes were declared for the first time in Enterobacteriaceae isolates isolated from dairy cows’ mastitis infection in Türkiye. In the bacteriological examination of 212 milk samples, 14 (6.60%) E. coli, three (1.41%) Klebsiella oxytoca, and two (0.94%) Klebsiella pneumonia were isolated. At least two E. coli isolates were found to be resistant to all of the antibiotics used in the antibiogram test. The highest resistance was found against cefotaxime and amoxicillin in K. oxytoca isolates. According to the results of PCR targeting blaCTX-M, blaTEM, and blaSHV genes, the blaCTX-M gene was detected in one K. oxytoca and four E. coli isolates, which were found ESBL positive. According to the results of PCR targeting carbapenem and colistin resistance genes, the IMP gene was detected in four E.coli, one K. oxytoca, and one K. pneumonia isolates. OXA-48-like gene was detected in two E. coli isolates. This two E. coli isolates were also IMP gene positive. While NDM gene was detected in two E. coli, KPC gene was detected in one E. coli isolate. One of the colistin resistance genes, mcr-1 was detected in two E.coli strains with PCR. This study showed that ESBL production and carbapenem resistance in Enterobacteriaceae family strains to become prevalent and increasing, especially among E. coli isolates. Furthermore, identification of multiple antibiotic resistance in the isolates indicated that antibiotic resistance also spread rapidly and increased.
PEMANFAATAN KULIT JAGUNG SEBAGAI BAHAN PEMBUATAN BIODEGRADABLE FOAM
Authors: Ruscahyani Yuniken , Oktorina Sarita , Hakim Abdul
Published: December 2021

Kemasan makanan yang digunakan sebagian besar adalah jenis kemasan sekali pakai, salah satunya adalah styrofoam. Penggunaan styrofoam yang semakin banyak dapat menyebabkan peningkatan jumlah sampah yang tidak dapat terdegradasi. Pembakaran styrofoam juga berbahaya karena menghasilkan gas berbahaya seperti styrene, polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs), hydro cloro flouro carbon (HCFC), dan karbon monoksida (CO). Salah satu alternatif untuk mengurangi penggunaan styrofoam adalah menggunakan kemasan makanan yang ramah lingkungan seperti biodegradable foam (biofoam). Bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah limbah kulit jagung lokal Indonesia, jagung mutiara. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui karakteristik biofoam yang terbuat dari kulit jagung dan persentase konsentrasi kulit jagung yang terbaik untuk pembuatan biofoam dalam penelitian ini. Metode dari penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen dengan variasi konsentrasi kulit jagung 3%, 5%, dan 7%. Hasil biofoam yang terbaik adalah dengan konsentrasi kulit jagung 3% dengan nilai hasil uji daya serap air 13,93%, tingkat biodegradasi 6,22%, kuat tarik 2,63 N/mm2, dan kuat tekan 5,00 N/mm2.
Ultrafine Grain Structure Development in Aluminium Alloy by Strain Hardening using CCGP
Authors: HS Siddesha  , Suhaaskapardhi BS  , Goutham C
Published: December 2021

Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) processes are for developing ultrafine grained (UFG) structured materials for different Industrial applications. Cyclic Constrained Groove Pressing (CCGP) is a technique, produce fine grained structures in metallic sheets or plates in mass production. The objective of research work is to investigate the influence of CCGP processing on the super plastic behaviour of an Aluminium alloy. Samples in “ascast” materials processed by CCGP with as cast, 1, 2, 3 and 4 passes. Processed Material study for microhardness and Tensile strength mechanical properties test were done for different test specimens. Grain refinement, microhardness and Tensile strength increased with the number of CCGP passes.
An Analysis of Preference of Organic Food Products by the Consumer in Theni District, Tamilnadu
Authors: Balasubrmani D
Published: December 2021

In this competitive World, Organic food plays important role in Consumer Preference Level. Today’s people are given more importance to their health more than money. There is several Organic companies providing food products; in this study, they commonly take Organic food products. The consumers who get Preference on Organic products started to buy and utilising their regular Consumption. This stimulates the research to know - why the Consumers Preference Level on the Organic foods. Which factors influence Consumers Preference Level?
Enhancing 6th Grade Students’ Learning in Social Studies through Technology Based Teaching Approach
Authors: Gyeltshen Lotey , English Rebecca
Published: December 2021

This quasi experimental study examined the effect of technology based teaching approaches on the 6th grade students’ learning in social studies subject. The participants of the study included two classes of 6th grade students: control group (n=25) and experimental group (n=24) in one of the middle schools in Bhutan. The research instruments consisted of experimental group treatment, survey questionnaire and semi-structured interview questions. The result suggested that there is an affirmative effect of technology based teaching approaches on the 6th grade students’ social studies learning achievement test. It was found that mean test scores of the experimental group were higher than the control group on pretest and post test analysis. Further, the findings from the study established that students had a positive perception of learning through technology based instructions, as learners enjoyed, and were better able to understand, what has been taught. The findings from the study concluded that teaching through technology based approaches enhanced students’ learning in the classroom, so, it is recommended that teachers apply technology based instructions as a tool to maximize student learning. In addition, building of smart classrooms through digitalization could support students with learning difficulties in different subjects.
Tamilarin Naattu Maruthuva Varalaaru (History of Indigenous Tamils Medicinal System)
Authors: Dhinakar R , Subasree T
Published: December 2021

Tamils have their indigenous system of Traditional medicine (Siddha medicinal system) which developed through ages, from the dream time in the past and still evolving. This system of medicine did not evolve in a single day, it took a prolonged period, through vast experience gathered through observation of the human body, and its symptoms towards diseases and examination of thousands of herbs, metals, and minerals  to cure the diseases. This skill and wisdom have been passed over generations which made this system one of the most efficient medicinal systems of our time. But over time this Tamil system of medicine was suppressed and underestimated in the name of modern science, the biased-prejudiced propaganda and hatred spread by huge pharma groups against this system, to prove that this system of medicine is irrational and unscientific which not true. Same time the lack of support from the government side in the previous years to enhance this Tamil Siddha medicinal system, made the scenario favor western medicinal pharma groups. However, the scenarios are been changing with the wakening of Tamils’ political and historical consciousness. It is for sure that soon Tamil’s traditional system of Medicine will retrieve and rise with its unique philosophy and virtue.
Vzhiyerkum Peyarkalum Vzhiyela Peyarkalum
Authors: Pushparani T
Published: December 2021

‘Delivering’ means ‘calling’. The names that can come in the meaning of this call are called calling names. Exclamation points refer to the forwarding of the person or object belonging to the name. There are some rules for accepting nouns ‘vili’ in Tamil language. It is easy to call someone by name without any change in the name when pointing to the name in the meaning of ‘offering’. When interpreted, it often sounds like the final sound of the name. Calling someone a little farther away should definitely make the final sound louder. Therefore, the ‘syllable’ or ‘syllabic syllable’ in the name can be stretched to the same level as the syllable or, if necessary, easily extended to include a syllable. Finally, vowel words and consonant words require different methods. It also requires different methods that are compatible with calling someone far away and calling someone nearby. Many other grammar and linguistic texts, including the Nannul, beginning with Tolkappiyam, the first book in the Tamil language, have recorded the grammar of names that have traditionally evoked such rules, with changes over time. This is what we call ‘vilimarapu’. The purpose of this paper is to document the changes that have taken place between the two grammatical texts, the Tolkappiyam and the Nannul, with evidence of the present state of affairs, as well as to point to the messages of such grammar.
Intravitreal moxifloxacin in acute post-phacoemulsification endophthalmitis: a case report
Authors: Winarti Tri , Prayogo Mohammad Eko , Pawiroranu Suhardjo , Luthfiamida Rifna , Sancoyo Grace
Published: December 2021

Background: Vancomycin and ceftazidime are commonly used intravitreal antibiotics to treat acute post-phacoemulsification endophthalmitis. However, they are not commercially available in appropriate therapeutic dose for intravitreal injection. Moxifloxacin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is commercially available in appropriate therapeutic dose for intravitreal injection, thus providing a rationale for its use in acute post-phacoemulsification endophthalmitis.Case presentation: A 46-year-old female presented with blurred vision, redness, and pain in the right eye 5 days after phacoemulsification. Visual acuity was hand movement and conjunctival and circumcorneal injection, corneal oedema, anterior chamber reaction, and vitreous opacities were observed. The patient was treated with intravitreal moxifloxacin 500 μg/0.1 ml, vitrectomy, and topical and oral antibiotics. Visual acuity improved to 6/15 and follow-up at 5 weeks did not reveal any signs of intraocular inflammation.Conclusion: Intravitreal moxifloxacin is an alternative in the treatment of acute post-phacoemulsification endophthalmitis.
Refractive outcomes of laser-treated and non-laser-treated retinopathy of prematurity at Hospital Selayang: a 2-year retrospective review
Authors: Sharifuddin Aasiah Ahmad , Chew Fiona Lee Min , Effendi-Tenang Irina , Samsudin Amir
Published: December 2021

Objective: To compare the refractive outcomes of laser-treated and non-laser-treated retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) infant, at 2 years of age in Hospital Selayang.Methods: Retrospective review involving patients born between 2016 and 2018. They were divided into those who were treated with laser photocoagulation, and those who were observed. Laser treatment was given to infants with threshold and high-risk, pre-threshold disease. Refractive error was identified by cycloplegic refraction at 2 years of age.Results: There were 22 eyes from 11 infants in the laser-treated group, all of which had zone II ROP with plus disease; of these, four had stage 2 ROP and 18 had stage 3 ROP. There were 53 eyes from 28 patients in the non-laser-treated group. The mean birth weight for the laser-treated and non-laser-treated groups was 966.9 ± 92.6 g and 1019.3 ± 282.0 g, respectively (P = 0.398). Mean gestational age for the laser-treated and non-laser-treated groups was 28.2 ± 2.2 weeks and 27.7 ± 2.2 weeks, respectively (P = 0.390). At 2 years, the mean spherical equivalence for the laser-treated and non-laser treated groups was -0.55 ± 2.49 D and +0.17 ± 1.43 D, respectively, although the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.120). Myopia was commoner in the laser-treated group (six eyes [27%] vs five eyes [9%], P = 0.047), and two eyes from two different infants (10%) from this group also developed high myopia (> -6.00 D). For hypermetropia and astigmatism, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups (all P > 0.05). High myopia was strongly related to the post-conceptual age when receiving laser therapy (P = 0.025). In the laser-treated group, two infants (9%) had amblyopia and one (5%) had exotropia at 2 years of age. None of the eyes developed structural retinal sequelae.Conclusion: Despite successful treatment of ROP, a significant number of laser-treated eyes developed myopia. This highlights the need for long-term refractive screening in these patients.
Faces da docência universitária: estudos a partir do Piauí (Brasil)
Authors: Da Silva Farias Josélia Maria
Published: December 2021

A pesquisa objetiva investigar as dimensões didáticas na prática docente de professores universitários com formação inicial em Pedagogia e que atuam nos cursos de Pedagogia e Licenciaturas das IES públicas no Estado do Piauí, especificamente na disciplina Didática. Para tal, realizamos um estudo de cunho quantitativo e qualitativo, efetivado por meio de dados coletados através de um questionário disponibilizado em página da web. Os resultados permitiram inferir que os professores, no plano teórico, privilegiam uma perspectiva multidimensional de educação e ensino, ainda que, em grande parte dos casos, a prática docente contradiga a adoção de tal perspectiva. Consideramos, diante disso, que há uma tendência em pensar a Didática, alicerçada em seus princípios epistemológicos, que promove reflexões críticas acerca da complexidade do ensinar.
Histórias Daqui e Dali: religiosidades, culturas, políticas e literatura
Authors: Pereira dos Santos Carlos Augusto
Published: December 2021

Ao longo da última década, sempre quando possível, procuramos relacionar os conteúdos das disciplinas acima descritas com um processo de aproximação histórica com o contexto vivenciado pelos alunos, fazendo com que escrevam textos — na maioria das vezes, voltados para a história local. De 2011 para cá, tivemos a oportunidade de organizar e publicar sete livros, cada um com abordagens específicas e turmas de autores com especificidades, limites e potencialidades a desenvolver. Foram edições de pequena e média tiragens, às vezes publicados quase de forma artesanal, patrocinados por programas institucionais do Governo Federal, da Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú (UVA). Ou então pagos pelos próprios alunos, inovando e se adequando às novas tecnologias, como este volume, que, inicialmente, será publicado como e-book. O oitavo fruto desta semeadura chega com histórias daqui e dali, como se intitula, procurando seu lugar num balaio de textos que cresce com o tempo, se acomoda e abre espaços para frutos futuros. A cada edição, esse balaio toma formas diversas, ampliando a diversidade temática e lançando novos caminhos de pesquisa, cabendo tudo… Histórias daqui e dali…, portanto, surgiu da provocação que fizemos para os alunos matriculados na disciplina de História do Brasil III – República. No entanto, desde o primeiro contato com os alunos no quarto semestre em Historiografia Brasileira e, no sétimo, com História do Brasil II – Império, que a ideia vinha sendo amadurecida. A única exigência feita por parte da organização do livro foi que os textos tivessem como recorte temporal a República brasileira e, quando possível, aproveitassem a pesquisa realizada nos seus respectivos TCCs. Recebidos os textos iniciais, orientamos, sugerimos cortes e acréscimos, respeitando ao máximo a autoria e as demandas dos respectivos orientadores dos alunos-autores. Dada à liberdade para escrever sobre qualquer tema — afinal, no nosso balaio cabe tudo —, tivemos alguma dificuldade para enfeixar esses textos e dar-lhes uma feição conceitual ou de aproximação de conteúdo. No entanto, quanto ao aspecto temporal, os textos, em sua maioria, estão localizados entre as décadas de 1930 e 1950, com artigos que tratam de religiosidade, cultura política, sociedade e literatura. Outro conjunto de textos tem como marco a década de 1970 e se estende até o momento atual, quando se insere o debate sobre a inclusão dos direitos das mulheres no texto constitucional de 1988 e sua efetiva participação na política contemporânea.
Para una historia social de la niñez rural. El caso patagónico. Algunos apuntes teóricos metodológicos
Authors: Mases Enrique
Published: December 2021

Este artículo propone realizar una mirada sobre la construcción de la niñez en contextos de ruralidad y de desigualdad social, a partir de una perspectiva anclada en la historia social. Para ello acude a la delimitación territorial de la región rural de la Patagonia Argentina como estudio de caso, entre fines del siglo XIX y la primera mitad del siglo XX con el objeto de aportar a una historia de la marginalidad. El mismo, está planteado como un estudio crítico a partir del recorrido de una amplia bibliografía dedicada a esta temática y deja, a modo de sustancial aporte, algunos apuntes tanto teóricos como metodológicos para su abordaje.
The Effect Of Profitability, Liquidity, Leverage On Bond Rating Of Financial Companies
Authors: Hung Suryadi , Ginting Ella Silvana , Joe Sherly
Published: December 2021

This research was ain determine and analyze the effect of Simultaneous and Partial on Current Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, and Return On Assets on Bond Ratings in financial sector companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2016-2019 period. The population of this reserach is the financial sector companies as many as 94 companies. The sampling method used purposive sampling, and the number of samples obtained was 18 companies. This type of research is quantitative descriptive using multiple linear regression analysis method. The results of this research show that the variables Current Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, and Return On Assets simultaneously have a significant effect on the Bond Rating of financial sector companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2016-2019. Partially, Current Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, and Return On Assets have a significant positive effect on Bond Ratings for financial sector companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2016-2019.
Anlysis Of Factors Affecting Price Movements Of The Joint Stock Index On Indonesia Stock Exchange In 2015-2019
Authors: Gunawan Jonerli , Ginting Ella Silvana
Published: December 2021

The study aims in determining and analyzing the effect ofInflation Rate, Exchange rate, Interest rate and Oil Prices on Indonesia Composite Index simultaneously and partially on the Indonesian Stock Exchange in 2015-2019. The population that is used in this study is Indonesia Composite Index on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) period in 2015 to 2019 which totaling 60 months. The samplex selection uses a saturated sampling technique so all polulation are used as samples. This research used quantitative descriptive by testing classic assumption tests and multiple linear regression analysis using IBM SPSS Statistics 21 aplications.Simultaneously Inflation Rate, Exchange rate, Interest rate and oil price have an effect on Indonesia Composite Index. Partially, Infaltion Rate and Oil Price have a significant effect on Indonesia Composite Index while Exchange Rate, Interest Rate have no effect on Indonesia Composite Index in Indonesia Stock Exchange Periode 2015-2019.