bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Silver‐Catalyzed Arylation of (Hetero)arenes via Oxidative Benzylic C−C Bond Cleavage of Benzyl Alcohols/ Benzaldehyde
Authors: Mahajan Bhushan , Aand Dnyaneshwar , Singh Ajay K.
Published: November 2018

Transition metal catalyzed direct cross coupling between benzyl alcohols/benzaldehyde and arenes/heteroarenes have been developed. By controlling electronic features of ancillary ligands, selectivity switch was observed between alkylated and arylated product. This newly developed protocol involves multi‐step alkyl oxidation and subsequent decarboxylative cross‐coupling to generate aryl‐aryl (C−C bond) scaffolds via radical pathways.
Stannyl Complexes of Rhodium and Iridium: Preparation of Mono‐ and Bis(trihydridestannyl) Derivatives
Authors: Albertin Gabriele , Antoniutti Stefano , Baldan Daniela , Castro Jesús
Published: November 2018

Mono‐ and bis(trichlorostannyl) complexes [MCl(SnCl3)(η5‐C5Me5){P(OR)3}] (1, 2) and [M(SnCl3)2(η5‐C5Me5){P(OR)3}] (3, 4) (M = Rh, Ir; R = Me, Et) were prepared by allowing chloro compounds MCl2(η5‐C5Me5)[P(OR)3] to react with anhydrous SnCl2 in refluxing 1,2‐dichloroethane. Treatment of trichlorostannyl complexes of iridium 2 and 4 with NaBH4 in ethanol afforded hydride‐trihydridestannyl derivatives [IrH(SnH3)(η5‐C5Me5){P(OR)3}] (5) and bis(trihydridestannyl) [Ir(SnH3)2(η5‐C5Me5){P(OR)3}] (6), the reaction of which with methylpropiolate HC≡CCOOMe led to trivinylstannyl derivatives [IrH{Sn[C(COOMe)=CH2]3}(η5‐C5Me5){P(OMe)3}] (7 a) and [Ir{Sn[CH=C(H)COOMe]3}2(η5‐C5Me5){P(OMe)3}] (8 a). The complexes were characterised spectroscopically (IR and 1H, 31P, 13C, 119Sn NMR) and by X‐ray crystal structure determination of [Ir(SnCl3)2(η5‐C5Me5){P(OMe)3}] (4 a).
NbO2 Electrocatalyst Toward 32% Faradaic Efficiency for N2 Fixation
Authors: Huang Linsong , Wu Jiawen , Han Peng , Al‐Enizi Abdullah M. , Almutairi Tahani M. , Zhang Lijuan , Zheng Gengfeng
Published: November 2018

The electrocatalytic N2 reduction reaction (NRR) to produce ammonia is an attractive but highly challenging approach, due to the extreme inertness of N2 molecules and significantly lower N2 concentration compared to the surrounding water molecules. Herein, NbO2 nanoparticles are demonstrated as an efficient NRR electrocatalyst with significantly improved electrochemical performances. Compared to Nb2O5 with a similar crystal structure unit but different linkage, the Nb4+ cation not only provides empty d‐orbitals for strong N2 adsorption, but also a single d‐electron to further enable back donation to activate the NN triple bond. As a result, the NbO2 nanoparticles present an outstanding ammonia production rate of 11.6 µg h−1 mgcat.−1 at −0.65 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and an excellent electrochemical stability, significantly higher than those of the Nb2O5 nanorods under similar conditions. More importantly, a peak faradaic efficiency of ammonia production of 32% is obtained for NbO2 at −0.60 V versus RHE, which is one of the highest reported NRR faradaic efficiencies to date.
Beyond Metal Oxides: Introducing Low‐Temperature Solution‐Processed Ultrathin Layered Double Hydroxide Nanosheets into Polymer Solar Cells Toward Improved Electron Transport
Authors: Liu Qing , Chen Xiang , Hu Wanpei , Zhang Mengmeng , Ding Liming , Wang Mingtai , Qiao Qiquan , Yang Shangfeng
Published: November 2018

Metal oxides such as zinc oxide (ZnO) have been commonly used as the cathode interfacial layer (CIL) of bulk heterojunction inverted polymer solar cells (BHJ‐iPSCs), for which a high‐temperature annealing treatment is usually required to improve their CIL performance. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are a class of inorganic two‐dimensional (2D) nanomaterials composed of positively charged brucite‐like layers intercalated with charge‐balancing anions and water molecules, showing potential applications in catalysis, adsorption, electrochemical energy storage and conversion, etc., but have never been applied in PSCs. Herein, for the first time LDH nanosheets are applied in BHJ‐iPSC devices as a novel CIL substituting the commonly used ZnO, affording an obvious efficiency enhancement relative to ZnO‐based device. Ultrathin MgxAl‐NO3‐LDH nanosheets are prepared by ultrasonication‐assisted liquid exfoliation of bulk MgxAl‐NO3‐LDHs prepared via a co‐precipitation method, and deposited onto an ITO substrate as a CIL by a low‐temperature solution‐processed technique. Based on MgxAl‐NO3‐LDH CIL, BHJ‐iPSC devices with the poly(4,8‐bis‐alkyloxybenzo(l,2‐b:4,5‐b′)‐dithiophene‐2,6‐diylalt‐(alkylthieno(3,4‐b) thiophene‐2‐carboxylate)‐2,6‐diyl):[6,6]‐phenyl C71‐butyric acid methyl ester (PBDTTT‐C:PC71BM) photoactive layer exhibits an improvement of power conversion efficiency relative to those based on ZnO CIL. This is primarily originated from the increase of fill factor due to the improved interfacial contact between the ITO and active layer, facilitating the interfacial electron transport.
Transient c-Src Suppression During Endodermal Commitment of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Results in Abnormal Profibrotic Cholangiocyte-Like Cells
Authors: Chaudhari Pooja , Tian Lipeng , Kim Amy , Zhu Qingfeng , Anders Robert , Schwarz Kathleen B. , Sharkis Saul , Ye Zhaohui , Jang Yoon-Young
Published: November 2018

Directed differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) toward hepatobiliary lineages has been increasingly used as models of human liver development/diseases. As protein kinases are important components of signaling pathways regulating cell fate changes, we sought to define the key molecular mediators regulating human liver development using inhibitors targeting tyrosine kinases during hepatic differentiation of human iPSCs. A library of tyrosine kinase inhibitors was used for initial screening during the multistage differentiation of human iPSCs to hepatic lineage. Among the 80 kinase inhibitors tested, only Src inhibitors suppressed endoderm formation while none had significant effect on later stages of hepatic differentiation. Transient inhibition of c-Src during endodermal induction of human iPSCs reduced endodermal commitment and expression of endodermal markers, including SOX17 and FOXA2, in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, the transiently treated cells later developed into profibrogenic cholangiocyte-like cells expressing both cholangiocyte markers, such as CK7 and CK19, and fibrosis markers, including Collagen1 and smooth muscle actin. Further analysis of these cells revealed colocalized expression of collagen and yes-associated protein (YAP; a marker associated with bile duct proliferation/fibrosis) and an increased production of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α. Moreover, treatment with verteporfin, a YAP inhibitor, significantly reduced expression of fibrosis markers. In summary, these results suggest that c-Src has a critical role in cell fate determination during endodermal commitment of human iPSCs, and its alteration in early liver development in human may lead to increased production of abnormal YAP expressing profibrogenic proinflammatory cholangiocytes, similar to those seen in livers of patients with biliary fibrosis. Stem Cells  2019;37:306–317
Renormalised 3-point functions of stress tensors and conserved currents in CFT
Authors: Bzowski Adam , McFadden Paul , Skenderis Kostas
Published: November 2018

Abstract

We present a complete momentum-space prescription for the renormalisation of tensorial correlators in conformal field theories. Our discussion covers all 3-point functions of stress tensors and conserved currents in arbitrary spacetime dimensions. In dimensions three and four, we give explicit results for the renormalised correlators, the anomalous Ward identities they obey, and the conformal anomalies. For the stress tensor 3-point function in four dimensions, we identify the specific evanescent tensorial structure responsible for the type A Euler anomaly, and show this anomaly has the form of a double copy of the chiral anomaly.
WaveNano: a signal‐level nanopore base‐caller via simultaneous prediction of nucleotide labels and move labels through bi‐directional WaveNets
Authors: Wang Sheng , Li Zhen , Yu Yizhou , Gao Xin
Published: November 2018

Background

The Oxford MinION nanopore sequencer is the recently appealing third‐generation genome sequencing device that is portable and no larger than a cellphone. Despite the benefits of MinION to sequence ultra‐long reads in real‐time, the high error rate of the existing base‐calling methods, especially indels (insertions and deletions), prevents its use in a variety of applications.

Methods

In this paper, we show that such indel errors are largely due to the segmentation process on the input electrical current signal from MinION. All existing methods conduct segmentation and nucleotide label prediction in a sequential manner, in which the errors accumulated in the first step will irreversibly influence the final base‐calling. We further show that the indel issue can be significantly reduced via accurate labeling of nucleotide and move labels directly from the raw signal, which can then be efficiently learned by a bi‐directional WaveNet model simultaneously through feature sharing. Our bi‐directional WaveNet model with residual blocks and skip connections is able to capture the extremely long dependency in the raw signal. Taking the predicted move as the segmentation guidance, we employ the Viterbi decoding to obtain the final base‐calling results from the smoothed nucleotide probability matrix.

Results

Our proposed base‐caller, WaveNano, achieves good performance on real MinION sequencing data from Lambda phage.

Conclusions

The signal‐level nanopore base‐caller WaveNano can obtain higher base‐calling accuracy, and generate fewer insertions/deletions in the base‐called sequences.
Behavioural and epigenetic effects of paternal exposure to cannabinoids during adolescence on offspring vulnerability to stress
Authors: Ibn Lahmar Andaloussi Zineb , Taghzouti Khalid , Abboussi Oualid
Published: November 2018

Chronic cannabinoid exposure during adolescence in male rats induces chronic cognitive and emotional impairments. However, the impact of this form of exposure on offspring vulnerability to stress is unknown.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavioural and epigenetic effects of stress in the offspring of male rats whose fathers were exposed to cannabinoids during adolescence. Male adolescent offspring of Win55,212‐2 (1.2 mg/kg) treated rats were exposed during one week to variable stressors and subjected to behavioural tests of anxiety and episodic‐like memory, followed by an assessment of global DNA methylation and expression of DNA methyltransferases enzymes DNMT1 and DNMT3a mRNA in the prefrontal cortex.

Stress exposure induced a significant anxiogenic‐like effect but did not affect the episodic‐like memory in the offspring of Win55,212‐2 exposed fathers in comparison to the offspring of non‐exposed fathers. These behavioural changes were subsequent to a significant increase in global DNA methylation and DNMT1 and DNMTa3 transcription in the prefrontal cortex.

These data suggest that the deleterious effect of chronic exposure to cannabinoids during adolescence are not limited to the exposed individuals but may increase the vulnerability to stress‐induced anxiety in the offspring and alter their epigenetic programming.
Heart of Darkness
Authors: Conrad Joseph
Published: November 2018

'I asked myself what I was doing there, with a sensation of panic in my heart as though I had blundered into a place of cruel and absurd mysteries not fit for a human being to behold'. Charles Marlow's dark intuition here arrives at the culmination of his physical and psychological quest in search of the infamous ivory-trader Kurtz in Joseph Conrad's most famous short story, Heart of Darkness. Ambiguously drawn to the powerful 'voice' of this autocratic European who has become a self-proclaimed ruler in an African colony, Marlow is increasingly embroiled in Kurtz's life and death: he is finally forced into a radical questioning, not only of his own assumptions, but also of the civilized and imperial pretensions of Western Europe. Offering a freshly-researched text based on the writer's original documents, this edition presents a classic of early modernist fiction in a version that, for the first time, recovers Conrad's preferred wordings, punctuation and narrative structure.
DERIVING ROBUST BAYESIAN PREMIUMS UNDER BANDS OF PRIOR DISTRIBUTIONS WITH APPLICATIONS
Authors: Sánchez-Sánchez M. , Sordo M.A. , Suárez-Llorens A. , Gómez-Déniz E.
Published: November 2018

We study the propagation of uncertainty from a class of priors introduced by Arias-Nicolás et al. [(2016) Bayesian Analysis, 11(4), 1107–1136] to the premiums (both the collective and the Bayesian), for a wide family of premium principles (specifically, those that preserve the likelihood ratio order). The class under study reflects the prior uncertainty using distortion functions and fulfills some desirable requirements: elicitation is easy, the prior uncertainty can be measured by different metrics, and the range of quantities of interest is easily obtained from the extremal members of the class. We illustrate the methodology with several examples based on different claim counts models.
Evaluation of irregular migration governance in Turkey from a foreign policy perspective
Authors: Gökalp Aras N. Ela , Mencütek Zeynep Şahin
Published: November 2018

This article analyzes the extent to which Turkey’s irregular migration governance has evolved since the 1990s and the most salient factors in that process. Relying on the methods of process tracing and political ethnography, the article demonstrates that, since the early 1990s, Turkey’s irregular migration governance has been driven by the following factors: 1) responses to the European Union’s (EU) attempts to control migration through externalization; 2) Turkey’s national security concerns, which increased with the advent of mass migration from the Middle East; and 3) the increase in the number of irregular migrants on Turkish territory. The Syrian mass migration that began in 2011 gave momentum to the evolution of irregular migration governance in line with the long-term externalization on the part of the EU. Our analysis sheds light on the interconnectedness of irregular and mass migration, as well as on the outcomes of interactions between international politics and national migration governance. Thus, the article provides insights that will prove valuable for migration studies, EU studies, and studies on Turkish foreign policy.
The Roosevelt–Rondon expedition marmosetMico marcai: unveiling the conservation status of a Data Deficient species
Authors: Silva Felipe Ennes , El Bizri Hani Rocha , Gonçalves Jonas da Rosa , Lemos Lísley P. , Costa-Araújo Rodrigo , Lima Ivan J. , Santos Aline Tavares , Santana Marcelo Ismar , Franco Caetano L. B. , Boubli Jean P.
Published: November 2018

The Roosevelt–Rondon Expedition marmosetMico marcaiwas first collected in 1914 and all information on this primate previously came from three skins brought back by this expedition. As a result,M. marcaiis categorized as Data Deficient on the IUCN Red List. As the presumed range ofM. marcailies on the path of the advancing arc of deforestation in Brazil, the collection of relevant data to assess the conservation status of this Amazonian species is of some urgency. Here we present the first field data on the distribution and population size of, and threats to,M. marcai, to reassess the species’ conservation status. During 2012–2015 we surveyed the species in the Marmelos–Aripuanã interfluve, and estimated its density using distance sampling. We also used spatial predictive modelling to estimate forest loss within the species range under two deforestation scenarios. We found the marmoset in 13 localities and estimated its extent of occurrence to be 31,073 km2. We estimated the species’ density to be 8.31 individuals/km2and extrapolated this to estimate a total population of 258,218 individuals (CI 150,705–441,860). Under a business-as-usual deforestation scenario, c. 10,000 km2of forest, comprising 33% of the species’ range, would be lost in three marmoset generations (c. 18 years), and we, therefore, recommend thatM. marcaibe categorized as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List based on criterion A3c. Other Amazonian marmosets require similar reassessment as their ranges also fall in the path of the arc of deforestation.
Drawing Glasgow School of Art: the graphics of reconstruction
Authors: Rodger Johnny
Published: November 2018

The Glasgow School of Art has a long history of the cultivation of the art of drawing. Many types of drawing have been taught and practiced within the institution since its establishment in 1845. Mackintosh's Glasgow School of Art building, completed between 1897 and 1909, can be seen as one great outcome of that design-through-tradition. The building not only sheltered and thus enabled a further cultivation of the art of drawing, but became itself a model for the practices of that drawing tradition. There is a strong body of work, much of it by teachers and students of the Mackintosh School of Architecture, which has focussed on the building and explored through drawing the architectonic features and significance of the structure. This work has been useful as a teaching and critical aid but also as a contribution to the art and discipline of architecture. In the wake of the first 2014 fire, which destroyed part of the building, this body of work suddenly became of use as a design tool rather than simply an exploratory or critical tool, as the institution sought to reproduce exactly what had been lost. The most recent 2018 fire wreaked a destruction much more comprehensive across the whole building. Accordingly, we are forced to completely review the relationship of that drawing heritage to the building. That is to say, the building largely no longer exists, and the drawings take on a life of their own in a way not previously attached to them. The school may, however, be rebuilt, recreated ‘as was’ at some point in the future, potentially instigating yet another type of relationship between the existing drawing work and a new ‘Mackintosh’ building.
Ways to Frame the European Rule of Law: Rechtsgemeinschaft, Trust, Revolution, and Kantian Peace
Authors: von Bogdandy Armin
Published: November 2018

Conceptualising the European rule of law-value – A critique of the concept ofEuropean legal community– A conceptualisation of trust for a fresh understanding of the rule of law-value – Trust research in the social sciences – The trustworthiness of the European rule of law in light of calls for breaking up the current order
A previously unexplored encounter: the English judiciary, carte de visite and photography as a form of mass media
Authors: Moran Leslie J.
Published: November 2018

Studies exploring the link between the representation of judges, photography and mass media tend to focus on the appearance of cameras in courtrooms and the reproduction of the resulting photographs in the press at the beginning of the twentieth century. But more than fifty years separate these developments from the birth of photography in the late 1830s. This study examines a previously unexplored encounter between the English judiciary and photography that began in the 1860s. The pictures where known as ‘carte de visite’. They were the first type of photographic image capable of being mass produced. It is a form of photography that, for a period of almost twenty years, attracted a frenzy of interest. Drawing upon a number of archives, including the library of Lincoln's Inn, London's National Portrait Gallery and my own personal collection this paper has two objectives. The first is to examine the carte portraits of senior members of the judiciary that were produced during that time. What appears within the frame of this new form of judicial portraiture? Of particular interest is the impact the chemical and technological developments that come together in carte photographs had on what appears within the frame of portraits. The second objective is to examine the manner in which they were displayed. This engages a commonplace of scholarship on portraiture; the location and mode of display shape the meaning of what lies within the frame of the picture. Carte portraits were produced with a particular display in mind: the album. They were to be viewed not in isolation, but as part of an assemblage of portraits. Few albums survive. Those that do offer a rare opportunity to examine the way carte portraits of judges were used and the meanings they generated through their display. Three albums containing carte portraits of judges will be considered.
Morbus Wilson oder hepatolentikuläre Degeneration
Authors: Mensing Bernd , Nowak Albina , Zweifel Sandrine , Terracciano Luigi , Bernsmeier Christine , Filipowicz Sinnreich Magdalena
Published: November 2018

Zusammenfassung. Der Morbus Wilson, auch progressive hepatolentikuläre Degeneration genannt, ist eine seltene autosomal rezessive Kupferspeicherkrankheit, die sich als Hepatopathie und / oder neurologische bzw. psychiatrische Erkrankung manifestiert. Pathophysiologisch liegt eine Mutation des ATP7B Gens zugrunde, die zur gestörten Kupferausscheidung über die Galle und damit zur Akkumulation von Kupfer in den Hepatozyten und anderen Organen führt. Die Prävalenz liegt bei 1:30 000, die Penetranz, das klinische Erscheinungsbild und der Schweregrad bei Diagnosestellung zeigen jedoch eine grosse Variation; sie reichen von der asymptomatischen Hepatopathie über Leberzirrhose zum akuten Leberversagen mit oder ohne zerebrale Manifestationen. Daher sollte bei unklarer hepatologischer, neurologischer oder psychiatrischer Klinik an diese Differentialdiagnose gedacht werden. Die Differentialdiagnose ist komplex und die Diagnostik umfasst klinische, ophthalmologische (Kayser-Fleischer-Ring in der Spaltlampenuntersuchung), laborchemische, genetische, bildgebende und histologische Kriterien. Der Morbus Wilson ist bei rechtzeitiger Diagnosestellung in der Regel mittels Kupfer-depletierender Therapie (Kupfer-Chelatoren, Zink) behandelbar. Regelmässige Erfolgskontrollen unter Therapie müssen erfolgen. Im Falle eines Leberversagens kann eine Lebertransplantation notwendig werden, die als kurative Therapie eine Heilung vom Gendefekt darstellt. Neue Behandlungsstrategien mit verbesserter Effektivität und Verträglichkeit sind in der klinischen Entwicklung.
Controls on Zero‐Order Basin Morphology
Authors: Grieve Stuart W. D. , Hales Tristram C. , Parker Robert N. , Mudd Simon M. , Clubb Fiona J.
Published: November 2018

Zero‐order basins are common features of soil‐mantled landscapes, defined as unchanneled basins at the head of a drainage network. Their geometry and volume control how quickly sediment may reaccumulate after landslide evacuation and, more broadly, zero order basins govern the movement of water and sediment from hillslopes to the fluvial network. They also deliver water and sediment to the uppermost portions of the fluvial network. Despite this role as the moderator between hillslope and fluvial processes, little analysis on their morphology has been conducted at the landscape scale. We present a method to identify zero‐order basins in landscapes and subsequently quantify their geometric properties using elliptical Fourier analysis. We deploy this method across the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, USA. Properties such as length, relief, width, and concavity follow distinct probability distributions, which may serve as a basis for testing predictions of future landscape evolution models. Surprisingly, in a landscape with an orographic precipitation gradient and large hillslope to channel relief, we observe no correlation between elevation or spatial location and basin geometry. However, we find that two physiographic units in Coweeta have distinct zero‐order basin morphologies. These are the steep, thin soiled, high‐elevation Nantahala Escarpment and the lower‐gradient, lower‐elevation, thick soiled remainder of the basin. Our results indicate that basin slope and area negatively covary, producing the distinct forms observed between the two physiographic units, which we suggest arise through competition between spatially variable soil creep and stochastic landsliding.
Impact of Crustal Rheology on Temperature‐Dependent Viscoelastic Models of Volcano Deformation: Application to Taal Volcano, Philippines
Authors: Morales Rivera A. M. , Amelung F. , Albino F. , Gregg P. M.
Published: November 2018

We use ALOS‐1 interferometric synthetic aperture radar data spanning the period of 2007–2011 to obtain time‐dependent ground deformation data over Taal caldera related to the 2010–2011 volcanic unrest, which did not lead to an eruption. We employ finite element models that account for subsurface thermomechanical properties to test for viscoelastic deformation. We also examine the variability of crustal rheological parameters of the temperature‐dependent Arrhenius formulation for viscosity, to investigate the effects on surface deformation. Deformation at Taal is observed to be time dependent and explained by a linear rate of pressure increase in a shallow magma reservoir at 5‐km depth within a hot and viscoelastic upper crust. The best‐fitting rheological properties of the local setting are consistent with either a felsic or hydrothermally altered uppermost crust. We show the significantly different effects that the variation of rheological parameters has on surface deformation, highlighting the importance of incorporation into future studies of deformation at different volcanic settings.
Retrievals of Riming and Snow Density From Vertically Pointing Doppler Radars
Authors: Mason S. L. , Chiu C. J. , Hogan R. J. , Moisseev D. , Kneifel S.
Published: November 2018

Retrievals of ice and snow are made from Ka‐ and W‐band zenith‐pointing Doppler radars at Hyytiälä, Finland, during the snow experiment component of the Biogenic Aerosols: Effects on Clouds and Climate (2014) field campaign. In a novel optimal estimation retrieval, mean Doppler velocity is exploited to retrieve a density factor parameter, which modulates the mass, shape, terminal velocity, and backscatter cross sections of ice particles. In a case study including aggregate snow and graupel we find that snow rate and ensemble mean ice density can be retrieved to within 50% of in situ measurements at the surface using dual‐frequency Doppler radar retrievals. While Doppler measurements are essential to the retrieval of particle density, the dual‐frequency ratio provides a strong constraint on particle size. The retrieved density factor is strongly correlated with liquid water path, indicating that riming is the primary process by which the density factor is modulated. Using liquid water path as a proxy for riming, profiles classified as unrimed snow, rimed snow, and graupel exhibit distinct features characteristic of aggregation and riming processes, suggesting the potential to make estimates of process rates from these retrievals. We discuss the potential application of the technique to future satellite missions.
Author Correction: WWOX controls hepatic HIF1α to suppress hepatocyte proliferation and neoplasia
Authors: Abu-Remaileh Muhannad , Khalaileh Abed , Pikarsky Eli , Aqeilan Rami I.
Published: November 2018

Since the publication of their article, the authors reported that duplication had mistakenly occurred in Fig 3A and D - H&E panels.
Continuous multi-channel sensing of volatile acid and organic amine gases using a fluorescent self-assembly system
Authors: Cao Xinhua , Ding Qianqian , Li Yiran , Gao Aiping , Chang Xueping
Published: November 2018

A new gelator was designed and synthesized which could detect volatile acid and organic amine in multi-channel.
Novel multi-walled carbon nanotubes decorated with gold nanoparticles with poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl ferrocenecarboxylate) grafted on to form organic–inorganic nanohybrids: preparation, characterization, and electrochemical sensing applications
Authors: Wei Xue-Peng , Zhang Rui-Qian , Wang Le-Bin , Luo Yan-Ling , Xu Feng , Chen Ya-Shao
Published: November 2018

We prepared organic–inorganic nanohybrids with good electrochemical properties for food safety detection, which were tuned by their composition and graft percentage.
Mind your thoughts: BCI using single EEG electrode
Authors: Narayana Sujay , Prasad RangaRao Venkatesha , Warmerdam Kevin
Published: November 2018

These days, the Internet of things (IoT) research is driving large‐scale development and deployment of many innovative applications. IoT has indeed brought many smart applications to the doorstep of users. IoT has also made it possible to connect many sensors and control equipment. Here, the authors address an important application for physically challenged. The authors present a brain–computer interface (BCI) system to lock/unlock a wheelchair and control its movements using BCI. The approach presented here uses NeuroSky's MindWave Mobile, a single electrode electroencephalography (EEG) headset that can be connected to any Bluetooth‐enabled system. The raw EEG data from the headset is processed on an Android mobile device to extract the electromyography (EMG) patterns that occur due to eye blinks and activity of muscles in the jaw. These patterns are used to control the movement of a wheelchair in all possible directions. A biometric security system is provided to lock and unlock the wheelchair by extracting the information about different brain waves from the raw EEG signal. In this system, only the user knows the password which is generated using brain waves and it can lock/unlock the wheelchair and control it. The proposed system was verified and evaluated using a prototype.
Robust, blind multichannel image identification and restoration using stack decoder
Authors: Boudjenouia Fouad , Abed‐Meraim Karim , Chetouani Aladine , Jennane Rachid
Published: November 2018

In this study, the authors introduce new solutions and improvements to the multi‐channel blind image deconvolution problem. More precisely, authors’ contributions are threefold: (i) At first, a simplified version of the existing cross‐relation method for blind system identification is proposed; but most importantly, the authors incorporate into the channel estimation cost function a sparsity constraint to deal with the challenging issue of channel order overestimation errors; (ii) then, once the channel identification is achieved, a new image restoration method based on the stack decoding algorithm is introduced; and (iii) finally, a refining approach using an ‘all‐at‐once’ optimisation technique with an improved mixed norm regularisation is considered. The performance of the proposed approach was evaluated using several numerical simulations. Blind system identification and image restoration tasks were evaluated with respect to several criteria: numerical complexity, robustness to noise effects and channel order estimation. The results obtained are promising and highlight the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
RDCL three‐phase inverter and load adaptive commutation control
Authors: Chu Enhui , Li Si , Xie Haolin , Qiu Jiaxiong , Zhang Huaguang
Published: November 2018

To realise a soft‐switching inverter with a simple structure, high‐efficiency and low‐voltage stress, a novel resonant DC‐link three‐phase soft‐switching inverter and its load adaptive commutation control are proposed in this study. Without two bulk capacitors and coupled inductors in the commutation circuit, the analysis and calculation of the inverter are simplified. Main switches of the inverter can achieve zero‐voltage zero‐current turn‐on and pseudo zero‐voltage turn‐off, and commutation switches can achieve pseudo zero‐current turn‐on and pseudo zero‐voltage turn‐off. In addition, compared with the fixed time control, the load adaptive commutation control can dynamically regulate the switching points of commutation switches in each switching period and improve the efficiency of the inverter and the DC‐link voltage utilisation rate. The main switches and commutation switches have the same and fixed switching frequency, and the voltage stress of them is equal to the input DC voltage. The load adaptive commutation control, the soft‐switching resonant process and the design method of inverter resonant parameters are analysed in this study. A 10 kW prototype is designed to verify the feasibility of the inverter.
Star formation in outer rings of S0 galaxies
Authors: Sil’chenko O. , Kostiuk I. , Burenkov A. , Parul H.
Published: November 2018

Aims.Although S0 galaxies are usually thought to be “red and dead”, they often demonstrate star formation that is organized in ring structures. We try to clarify the nature of this phenomenon and its difference from star formation in spiral galaxies. Two early-type galaxies with outer rings, NGC 6534 and MCG 11-22-015, were selected to be studied.

Methods.After inspecting the gas excitation in the rings using the Baldwin–Phillips–Terlevich method, we estimated the star formation rates (SFR) in the two outer rings of our galaxies using several SFR indicators derived from narrow-band photometry in the Hαemission line and archival GALEX ultraviolet images of the galaxies.

Results.The ionized gas is excited by young stars in the ring of NGC 6534 and partly by shocks in MCG 11-22-015. The oxygen abundances in the HII regions of the rings are close to solar. The derived SFRs allow us to qualitatively restore star formation histories (SFH) in the rings: in NGC 6534, the SFH has been flat during the last 100–200 Myr, and in MCG 11-22-015, the star formation has started only a few Myr ago. We suggest that the rings in NGC 6534 and MCG 11-22-015 have different natures: the former is a resonant ring supplied with gas perhaps through tidal effects, and the latter has been produced by a satellite accretion. Recent outer gas accretion is implied in both cases.
Biomarkers in Non-Complicated Pregnancy: Insights About Serum Myeloperoxidase and Ultrasensitive C-Reactive Protein
Authors: Kalva-Borato Danielle C. , Ribas Josilaine Tonin , Parabocz Gisele Chibinski , Borba Luciana Maria , Maciel Margarete Aparecida Salina , Santos Fabio André dos , Vellosa José Carlos Rebuglio
Published: November 2018

Introduction Pregnancy is characterized by increased innate immune response, with low-grade systemic inflammation. The specific role of MPO during normal pregnancy remains not well understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate plasma levels of MPO, hs-CRP, total leukocyte, absolute neutrophil and monocyte counts, in all trimesters of normal human pregnancy compared with non-pregnant controls. In addition, possible fluctuations of MPO according to different inflammatory conditions in the normal gestation were studied.

Materials and methods Case-control study (n=84) developed with 63 normal pregnant women and 21 healthy non-pregnant women. Total leukocyte, absolute neutrophils and absolute monocytes count, hs-CRP and MPO were measured in non-pregnant women and normal human pregnancy. They were evaluated according to the 3 trimesters of pregnancy and systemic low grade inflammatory status, which was identified through increased hs-CRP levels.

Results MPO levels in the normal pregnant women were not elevated in every 3 trimesters of pregnancy (P=0.456) or in systemic inflammation (P=0.446). The hs-CRP levels, total leukocyte, absolute neutrophil and monocyte counts are present in higher concentrations in normal pregnant women in relation to non-pregnant women.

Conclusions The MPO did not show fluctuations in plasma levels during the 3 trimesters of gestation or in relation to different inflammation conditions. Considering MPO and hs-CRP levels are changed in high cardiovascular risk conditions and MPO levels (unlike hs-CRP) didn’t increase during non complicated pregnancy, MPO could be a better biomarker than hs-CRP to monitor these patients.
Type 1 diabetic camp: An experience in Mauritius
Authors: Guness Pravesh ,   T1Diams
Published: November 2018

The aim of the nongovernmental organization Type 1 diabetes mellitus support (T1Diams) is to empower children, adolescents, and young adults with Type 1 diabetes to optimally manage their medical condition. In the Republic of Mauritius (an Island in the South-West of the Indian Ocean), since 2007, T1Diams has been organizing a yearly diabetic camp of 7-day duration during the winter season for its members and their families. Two age groups are present (0–11 years and 12–25 years). For the first group, the children are accompanied by their parents while the second group comes on their own. During the camp, therapeutic education is carried out. The acquisition of knowledge and self-care skills are ensured through pedagogical diabetes-related games and presentations. Physical activities as well as workshop on carbohydrate counting are also organized. Those activities help the participants acquire and maintain the skills that are sine qua non to live optimally with their disease. During the camp, there are also interventions from professionals (nutritionist, psychologist, social worker, endocrinologist, ophthalmologist, podiatrist, and dentist) so that they get a complete medicosocial follow-up. Self-monitoring of blood glucose and education on insulin injections are done on a regular basis (at least 4 times/day). Tests for glycated hemoglobin and microalbuminuria are performed with all the patients.
Diabetes: A review of awareness, comorbidities, and quality of life in India
Authors: Bansode Balasaheb , Nagarajan Rangasamy
Published: November 2018

Diabetes is one of the major contributors for the noncommunicable diseases. The disease burden due to diabetes is huge, and it not only puts pressure on the diabetes patients but also it adds pressure on the economy of the developing and underdeveloped nations. In India, the burden due to diabetes is more important as every fifth person is a diabetic. This paper reviews awareness and source of knowledge of diabetes, awareness about risk factors, and complications of diabetes in India. The review reveals that (a) awareness about diabetes is less in India; (b) awareness regarding specific risk factors associated with diabetes (obesity, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and high blood pressure) is found to be less; (c) there is a negative association between duration of diabetes and health-related quality of life; and (d) microvascular complications (retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, and coronary diseases) are major comorbidities affecting the diabetes patients. The review reveals that it is imperative to work effectively toward implementing a holistic program for diabetes prevention by ensuring proper awareness in the community.
Offshore petroleum regulatory reform: the Western Australian experience—first 12 months in review
Authors: Tinapple Bill
Published: November 2018

On 1 January 2012, a new regulatory framework for the offshore oil and gas industry in Australian Commonwealth waters started. The changes were profound and brought about a single national regulator for safety, environmental management, and well integrity. It also meant that the seven former designated authorities were abolished in favour of a single National Titles Administrator.
In the lead up to the reforms, ministers Martin Ferguson and Frederick Moore agreed that officials from their respective departments would implement cooperative working arrangements for the WA adjacent offshore area, to facilitate and ensure a smooth transition for the industry and help achieve the recommendations of the Productivity Commission's review.
The authors of this extended abstract reflect on and share the experiences of the past 12 months. An update of the authors' respective agencies' progress beyond the transition phase is also discussed. This extended abstract also outlines projects of interest and how they will benefit the industry and continue to develop the foundations of the cooperative working arrangements between NOPTA and WA-DMP.
During the changes and transition program, industry and regulators have strived to engage in the new regime, and the results have been positive. Now is the opportunity for us to come together, ask questions, share information, and examine what has worked and what is yet to come.
Several aspects of the arrangements are now evident: the establishment of the National Core Store and Data Repository, the establishment of the National Electronic Approvals and Tracking System (NEATS), and the day-to-day interactions between NOPTA and WA-DMP.
The WA-DMP speaker reviews Joint Authority operations for the WA adjacent area since the establishment of NOPTA and NOPSEMA. Bill Tinapple also reviews regulatory framework developments for WA; in particular, changes to provide for shale and tight gas and oil activity, as well as, public engagement to increase confidence in regulatory processes.
Coordination of regulatory processes across jurisdictional boundaries are reviewed, including case studies for Gorgon, Wheatstone, and Macedon.
Molecular relationships of the Australian bandicoot genera Isoodon and Perameles (Marsupialia: Peramelina).
Authors: Westerman M , Krajewski C
Published: November 2018

12S rRNA sequences resolve the two Australian bandicoot genera Perameles and Isoodon as
monophyletic clades which diverged from one another in the middle Miocene. Perameles
bougainville, the most divergent species of this genus, appears to have split from the P. gunnii +
P. nasuta lineage in the late Miocene, whilst subsequent speciation events occurred in the latter
half of the Pliocene. Within Isoodon, although there was a clear recognition of an I. macrourus
group of taxa, little support could be found for the continued recognition of the Tasmanian I.
obesulus and the Barrow Island form of I. auratus as separate subspecies. Major radiations
within Isoodon appear to have occurred in the last 3 million years as Australia became more
arid.
Small mammals in a semi-arid community, with particular reference to Ningaui yvonneae
Authors: Carthew SM , Keynes T
Published: November 2018

Small mammal community structure was investigated at a semi-arid mallee site in the
Middleback Ranges of South Australia during 14 field trips conducted over four years. During
this time, 291 small mammals were caught from 6579 trap nights (trap success 4.4%). Ningaui
yvonneae was the most abundant and frequently recorded species (199 captures), followed by
Cercartetus concinnus (75 captures). Other species caught infrequently were Sminthopsis
dolichura (2 captures), Notomys mitchellii (3 captures), Pseudomys bolami (2 captures) and
Mus domesticus (10 captures). Ningaui yvonneae was the only species caught during all
sampling periods. Males were trapped more frequently than females (117 : 43). Recapture rates
were low, with only eight of 160 individuals caught during more than one sampling period. This
may reflect the mobility of the species. Distances moved between successive recaptures within a
sampling period averaged less than 100 m, while between sampling periods distances averaged
more than 450 m. This is the first published study to capture N. yvonneae regularly and in
reasonable numbers.
Trial Radio-tracking of Feather-tailed Gliders Acrobates pygmaeus
Authors: Johnston M , Shaw M
Published: November 2018

ALTHOUGH possibly one of Australia?s commonest
gliders, little is known about the den requirements or
home range size of the feathertail glider Acrobates
pygmaeus. This is not surprising given the inherent
difficulties involved in detecting these small gliders
(Henry 1995, Ward 2000); head and body length 65 -
80 mm, tail length 70 - 80 mm, weight 10 - 14 g
(Woodside 1995). Although aspects of the life history
of this species have been studied (Ward 1990) some
of the information that will assist the formulation of
management strategies for conserving this species is
lacking. Gibbons and Lindenmayer (1996, 1997)
stressed the importance of considering all hollowdependent
wildlife when devising management
strategies pertinent to the protection of animal
species during native forest harvesting. On the other
hand, Goldingay and Kavanagh (1995) suggest that
the habitat requirements of A. pygmaeus can probably
be secured through management strategies developed
to conserve other forest mammals.
Confirmation of Thylacinus from the Pliocene Chinchilla Local Fauna.
Authors: Mackness BS , Wroe S , Wilkinson C , Wilkinson D
Published: November 2018

A variety of fossil mammals has been recovered from
the freshwater, fluviatile sediments of the Chinchilla
Sand (sensu Woods 1960) and is collectively known
as the Chinchilla Local Fauna (Archer and
Bartholomai 1978). Included in this exclusively
Pliocene fauna are marsupial carnivores
(Bartholomai 1962, 1976; Wroe and Mackness 1998;
2000a,b); bandicoots (Mackness et al. 2000);
phascolarctomorphs (De Vis 1889, Archer 1977);
diprotontontoids (De Vis 1887, 1891, 1895;
Longman 1921); marsupial lions (Bartholomai 1962);
macropodids (Bartholomai 1963, 1973, 1975); bats
(Hand et al. 1999) and rodents (Godthelp 1990). In
addition, there are several reports of thylacinids from
the fauna (De Vis 1893, 1894; Ride 1964; Dawson
1982).
Comparative foraging preferences of the greater stick-nest rat Leporillus conditor and the European rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus: implications for regeneration of arid lands.
Authors: Ryan SA , Moseby KE , Paton DC
Published: November 2018

Dietary preferences of the greater stick-nest rat (Leporillus conditor) and the European rabbit
(Oryctolagus cuniculus) were compared using cafeteria trials and direct observations. Despite
overlap, these species exhibited differences in dietary preference. L. conditor showed a strong
preference for chenopod shrub species and other plant species with a high water content
including Gunniopsis quadrifida and Calandrinia remota. L. conditor also preferred female
bladder saltbush (Atriplex vesicaria) foliage to male. O. cuniculus ate a greater selection of
plant species in most trials with their most preferred species including mulga (Acacia aneura),
Salsola kali and Calandrinia remota. Both O. cuniculus and L. conditor preferred seedlings of
perennial species to adult cuttings. L. conditor has recently been re-introduced to a 14 km� O.
cuniculus, cat (Felis catus) and red fox (Vulpes vulpes) proof exclosure in the arid zone of
South Australia. The re-introduction of this herbivore and the removal of exotic herbivores may
change the vegetation structure and composition within the exclosure by restricting growth of
some succulent chenopod species but allowing the regeneration of tall shrub species such as
Acacia aneura which are usually limited by O. cuniculus grazing.