bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EXTRACTOS VEGETALES PARA EL CONTROL IN VITRODE COLLETOTRICHUM GLOEOSPORIOIDES P. AISLADO DE CARICA PAPAYA L
Authors:   Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Colombia, Duarte Rodríguez Tatiana Paola , Ramírez González Sandra Isabel ,   Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, México, López Báez Orlando , Morillo Coronado Ana Cruz
Published: February 2021

La papaya es un cultivo de gran importancia a nivel mundial. México y Colombia son líderes mundiales en su producción; una de las principales limitantes para este cultivo son las enfermedades dentro de las que destaca la antracnosis que afecta en pre y poscosecha, es por ello que la investigación en la búsqueda de alternativas eficientes, sustentables e inocuas en la sanidad del cultivo son primordiales para reducir las pérdidas en la producción y con ello mejoren los ingresos y la calidad de vida del productor y los involucrados en la cadena productiva, hasta el consumidor, con productos de calidad y sin contaminantes que afecten su salud. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar extractos de plantas bajo dos formas de extracción en el control in vitro de Colletotrichum gloesporioides. Por lo que fue evaluado el efecto antifúngico de extractos vegetales de hojas de orégano (Oreganum vulgare), frutos de pimienta (Pimienta dioica), hojas de neem (Azadirachta indica.) y hojas secas de matarratón (Gliricidia sepium) obtenidos a partir de métodos de destilación y microondas, sobre C. gloesporioides aislado de Carica papaya. Fue utilizada la técnica de medio envenenado en cajas Petri con medio pda; en una primera fase, se probó la concentración 60 % para todos los extractos. Posteriormente fue determinada la concentración mínima inhibitoria para aquellos que en la primera fase inhibieron el 100 %. El efecto antifúngico se determinó mediante crecimiento micelial, número de conidias totales y germinadas. Los resultados indicaron que el extracto de fruto de pimienta obtenido por microondas, en una concentración de 40% y el producto patente m2 unach en una concentración de 20 %, inhibieron totalmente a C. gloesporioides. los extractos obtenidos mediante el microondas tuvieron mejor efecto antifúngico que los obtenidos por destilación.
Історія та культура України на сторінках видань Українського історико-філологічного товариства у Празі (1939-1945)
Authors: Ворон Наталія
Published: February 2021

The purpose of the paper is to reveal the scientific-historical and publishing activity of the Ukrainian Historical and Philological Society in Prague (hereinafter – UHPS) during the World War II, research into the topics of scientific periodicals and assess the contribution of Ukrainian emigrant historians to the development of history and culture of Ukraine. The research methodology is based on a combination of general scientific methods (problematic-chronological, retrospective, logical analysis, classification and systematization, generalization, comparison) with the principles of objectivity, historicism. The scientific novelty of the paper is that the historical scientific heritage of the members of the Ukrainian Historical and Philological Society in Prague during the Second World War (1939-1945) has been studied and analyzed in detail for the first time in the domestic historical science. Conclusions. During World War II, UHPS members, despite the difficulties of the turbulent times, continued their research work for the benefit of Ukrainian historical science. New representatives of the society, emigrants from Soviet Ukraine, actively joined the work and continued the traditions of the society of previous years. According to our estimates, 24 scientific papers were published, 51 speeches were made at the meetings of the society. The analysis of archival documents, papers of the emigrant historians of the Second World War convinces that their publishing activity was a significant contribution to the development of historical science and Ukrainian culture. Scientific novelty, debatability, originality of interpretations are inherent in the research of the members of the society on the issues of the history of Kyivan Rus, different periods of the Cossacks, the history of Ukraine in the XVIII and XIX centuries, etc. The issue of studying Ukrainian culture, auxiliary disciplines and archiving is interesting and promising nowadays. A large number of historians - scientists, members of the UHPS, wrote their works on the basis of foreign archives, which made it possible to deepen and open new pages of Ukrainian history or refute false allegations about Ukrainianness, which were widespread in the Russian Empire and on the territory of Soviet Ukraine.
Природні умови як фактор впливу на повсякденне життя православного населення українських земель другої половини XVI – XVII ст.
Authors: Гончаренко Інна
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this article is to analyze natural conditions as a significant factor of influence on everyday life, practices and strategies for the survival of the population of Ukrainian lands in the second half of the 16th – 17th centuries. The main task of the study is to reconstruct the environment of the second half of the 16th – 17th centuries and to identify the mutual influence of man and nature. Research methodology: the following methods were used: general scientific – historical and logical, analysis and synthesis, generalization; special – historical-systemic, historical reconstruction, which consists in drawing up a fairly complete picture of everyday life from disparate facts. Scientific novelty: the natural factor in the pre-industrial era is significantly underestimated in the studies of everyday life and is one of the most significant in the impact on human life, but it is ignored in modern historical works. Therefore, the analysis of the natural conditions of everyday life, especially in the early modern era, is relevant today. Conclusions. The analysis of the influence of natural conditions on everyday life of the population shows that a significant part of the population in one way or another was engaged in the transformation of nature in their production practices and was largely dependent on the environment. In the minds of the population, nature was seen as an endless resource for consumption. When assessing the influence of nature on everyday life in the second half of the 16th  – 17th centuries, emphasis should be placed on the fact that during this period there was a combination of reproduction and appropriating forms of the economy in everyday production practices. The richness of natural resources, the fertility of the soil helped people to survive, but everyday survival was often due to the merciless exploitation of nature, especially in forests and wild animals. Parallel to this, there are attempts to protect resources from overuse by granting privileges to a limited number of consumers and legislative regulation. In general, the environmental circumstances of everyday life of the specified period cannot be characterized as stable due to the reduction of forest, plowing of virgin lands, excessive extermination of wild animals.
Evacuation beginning time in healthcare centres
Authors: Kholshchevnikov V. V. , Semin A. A. , Taktaev I. A.
Published: February 2021

The population of healthcare centres includes patients with disabilities. Until recently, the parameters of their movement during evacuation remain unknown. A training evacuation (not announced for patients) is performed to determine these parameters. It is found that the parameters of the people movement, which determine the estimated evacuation time, are significantly lower than those of healthy people, or they are unable to move independently (in a hospital). The time of the beginning of the evacuation has not been studied in the literature. This paper presents for the first time the results of field observations concerning the evacuation time for patients with disabilities. These data form the initial statistical database. The training evacuation is performed in the outpatient building of Vladimirskii Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute.
Utility of ventriculogallbladder shunts in complex cases of hydrocephalus related to extreme prematurity
Authors: Reisner Andrew , Smith Alexis D. , Wrubel David M. , Buster Bryan E. , Sawvel Michael S. , Blackwell Laura S. , Laxpati Nealen G. , Brahma Barunashish , Chern Joshua J.
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVE

The management of hydrocephalus resulting from intraventricular hemorrhage related to extreme prematurity remains demanding. Given the complexities of controlling hydrocephalus in this population, less commonly used procedures may be required. The authors examined the utility of ventriculogallbladder (VGB) shunts in a series of such children.

METHODS

The authors retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all children who underwent surgery for hydrocephalus in the period from 2011 through 2019 at Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta. Six patients who underwent VGB shunt placement were identified among a larger cohort of 609 patients who had either a new shunt or a newly changed distal terminus site. The authors present an analysis of this series, including a case of laparoscopy-assisted distal VGB shunt revision.

RESULTS

The mean age at initial shunt placement was 5.1 months (range 3.0–9.4 months), with patients undergoing a mean of 11.8 shunt procedures (range 5–17) prior to the initial VGB shunt placement at a mean age of 5.3 years (range 7.9 months–12.8 years). All 6 patients with VGB shunt placement had hydrocephalus related to extreme prematurity (gestational age < 28 weeks). At the time of VGB shunt placement, all had complex medical and surgical histories, including poor venous access due to congenital or iatrogenic thrombosis or thrombophlebitis and a peritoneum hostile to distal shunt placement related to severe necrotizing enterocolitis. VGB complications included 1 case of shunt infection, identified at postoperative day 6, and 2 cases of distal shunt failure due to retraction of the distal end of the VGB shunt. In all, there were 3 conversions back to ventriculoperitoneal or ventriculoatrial shunts due to the 2 previously mentioned complications, plus 1 patient who outgrew their initial VGB shunt. Three of 6 patients remain with a VGB shunt, including 1 who underwent laparoscopy-assisted distal shunt revision 110.5 months after initial VGB shunt insertion.

CONCLUSIONS

Placement of VGB shunts should be considered in the armamentarium of procedures that may be used in the particularly difficult cohort of children with hydrocephalus related to extreme prematurity. VGB shunts show utility as both a definitive treatment and as a “bridge” procedure until the patient is larger and comorbid abdominal and/or vascular issues have resolved sufficiently to allow conversion back to ventriculoperitoneal or ventriculoatrial shunts, if needed.
Integrated Equine-Assisted Short Term Psychodynamic Psychotherapy (EASTPP) equals regular STPP and outperforms in overcoming core problems of patients with personality problems: interpersonal sensitivity and self esteem
Authors:   SpelPsychologen Putten, Kovács Geza ,   Open University, the Netherlands, Dijke, van Annemiek ,   Online poli’s I-psy psyQ Brijder, Parnassia Group, The Netherlands, Noback Inge ,   Open University, the Netherlands, Enders-Slegers Marie-José
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Patients with personality pathology need interventions which include opportunities for intersubjective relations to emerge on both verbal and nonverbal levels. The aim of this study is to investigate if equine-assisted psychotherapy integrated in Short Term Psychodynamic Psychotherapy facilitates these nonverbal components and intersubjective relations compared to regular Short Term Psychodynamic Psychotherapy (STPP)
Saint Augustine of Hippo. Commentary on Statements in the Letter to Romans. Part II
Authors: Тюленев В. М.
Published: February 2021

В публикации представлен русский перевод глав с 24-й по 50-ю сочинения блж. Августина «Разъяснение некоторых положений из Послания к Римлянам». Это произведение, написанное блж. Августином в начале 394 г., в период его активной полемики с манихеями, затрагивает важнейшие для теологии автора вопросы о Божественной благодати и человеческой воле, которые он будет разрабатывать на протяжении всего творчества. Вводная статья знакомит с историей обращения блж. Августина к посланиям ап. Павла, а также показывает отличие его взглядов на свободную волю, которые он высказал в публикуемом сочинении, от идей, сформулированных после 396 г. Сочинение переводится на русский язык впервые. Перевод сопровождается предисловием и необходимым комментарием.

This publication contains the Russian translation of the 24-50 chapters of the Augustine’s work «Commentary on Statements in the Letter to Romans». This work was written by Augustine of Hippo in the beginning of 394, during his active controversy with the Manichaeans, and touches on the most important questions for the author’s theology of divine grace and human will, which he will develop throughout his work. The introduction describes the circumstances that led St. Augustine to turn to the Epistles of the Apostle Paul, and also shows the difference between his views on free will, which he expressed in the published work, and the ideas formulated by him after 396. The work is translated into Russian for the first time. The translation is accompanied by a Preface and the necessary commentary.
Development of Adsorbent from Sugarcane Bagasse for the Removal of Pollutants from Chrome Tanning Effl uents
Authors:   Institute of Leather Engineering and Technology, University of Dhaka, 44-50, Hazaribagh, Dhaka-1209, Bangladesh, Sultana Razia , Ahmed Sobur ,   Institute of Leather Engineering and Technology, University of Dhaka, 44-50, Hazaribagh, Dhaka-1209, Bangladesh, Tuj-Zohra Fatema ,   Institute of Leather Engineering and Technology, University of Dhaka, 44-50, Hazaribagh, Dhaka-1209, Bangladesh
Published: February 2021

The leather sector is the second-largest export earning sector in Bangladesh which contributes to huge employment generation and economic development. However, the current situation of this sector is not good enough for its lack of cleaner technologies and waste management systems. Tanneries are using an ample amount of harmful chemicals that may impose a huge negative impact on human health and the environment. Therefore, it is an emerging requirement for the removal of pollutants from effluents before discharging them to the environment. For this, the development of an adsorbent from agricultural waste is significant for removing pollutants from the tanning effluent and greening the environment. In this study, a low-cost adsorbent is developed and used to remove pollutants from the chrome tanning effluent. The developed adsorbent is prepared from sugarcane bagasse and activated by using NaOH. The study was performed at pH 4, with an adsorption time of 1 hour, and the adsorbent doses of 2.5 g/L. The findings revealed that a considerable amount of pollution was mitigated with the reduction in BOD (42.17%), COD (75.00%), Cr2O3 (41.91%), TSS (81.85%), and TDS (84.24%).
The Persuasive Power of Religious Metaphor in Selected Qur’anic and Biblical Verses
Authors: Naser Hayder Sadeq , Mohammed Ali Badeen
Published: February 2021

ان تحديد الاستعارات في معظم النصوص الدينية ليست يسيرة (Charteris-Black, 2005). فبالنسبة للاستعارات التي يتم التعامل معها من خلال النصوص الدينية مثل حياة الإنسان كرحلة أو لعبة ، الصلاة نهر متدفق ، الشهداء الأحياء  ، طعم الموت ، رحلة الموتى  و "يموت ، ومع ذلك يجب أن يعيش" هي أمور روحانية في الغالب يعد التقييم الأكاديمي لها ضروريًا (Lakoff, 1980 & Johnson؛ Gibbs,2008). أي أن نوعية التفسيرات التي تقدمها مثل هذه الاستعارات تحتاج إلى تحقيق مكثف بصفة الوظيفة الرئيسية للاستعارة في النصوص الدينية. علاوة على ذلك ، قد يُساء الحكم على الاستعارات في النصوص المقدسة بسبب: غياب الصورة في اللغة المستهدفة واختلاف المعاني الرمزية للاستعارات في المصدر. لذا ، نهدف إلى معالجة هذه المشكلة من خلال تحليل الأشكال والوظائف المختلفة للاستعارات
Incorporating a Usual Care Comparator into a Study of Meditation and Music Listening for Older Adults with Subjective Cognitive Decline: A Randomized Feasibility Trial
Authors: Innes Kim E. , Montgomery Caitlin , Selfe Terry Kit , Wen Sijin , Khalsa Dharma Singh , Flick Madison
Published: February 2021

Background:

Recent studies suggest meditation and music listening (ML) may improve cognitive and psychosocial outcomes in adults with subjective cognitive decline (SCD). However, lack of a usual care group has limited conclusions.

Objective:

To assess the: 1) feasibility of incorporating an enhanced usual care (EUC) comparator in a trial of Kirtan Kriya meditation (KK) and ML for adults experiencing SCD; and 2) preliminary effects of active treatment (KK/ML) versus an EUC program.

Methods:

Forty participants with SCD were randomized 1:1:2 to a 12-week KK, ML, or EUC program. KK and ML participants were asked to practice 12 minutes/day; EUC participants were given a comprehensive educational packet regarding healthy aging and strategies for improving/maintaining brain health and asked to record any activities or strategies used. Feasibility was assessed using measures of retention, adherence, treatment expectancies, and participant satisfaction, as well as information from exit questionnaires and daily practice/activity logs. Cognitive functioning, stress, mood, sleep-quality, and health-related quality of life (QOL) were measured pre- and post-intervention using well-validated instruments.

Results:

Thirty-two participants (80%) completed the 3-month study, with retention highest in the EUC group ( p < 0.05). Active treatment participants averaged 6.0±0.4 practice sessions/week, and EUC participants, 7.5±0.6 brain health activities/week. Treatment expectancies were similar across groups. EUC participants indicated high satisfaction with the program and study. Despite limited study power, the active treatment group showed significantly greater gains in subjective memory functioning (ps≤0.025) and nonsignificant improvements in cognitive performance (TMT-B), perceived stress, QOL, and mood (ps≤0.08) compared to the EUC group.

Conclusion:

Findings of this pilot feasibility trial suggest incorporation of an EUC program is feasible, and that participation in a simple 12-week relaxation program may be helpful for adults with SCD versus engagement in an EUC program.
The Relationship Between Anxiety and Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Mendez Mario F.
Published: February 2021

Although Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is primarily a neurocognitive disorder, it also results in prominent neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS). Much literature has investigated the NPS of apathy and depression in association with AD, but relatively less is known regarding anxiety, the third most common NPS in this disorder. The prevalence of anxiety symptoms in AD is about 40%, and it can be a prelude of AD. Anxiety can be especially present among patients with mild cognitive impairment, mild dementia, or early-onset forms of the disease, and can promote progression or conversion to Alzheimer’s clinical syndrome. A number of studies have established that anxiety is associated with positive amyloid scans, mesial temporal changes with atrophy and hypometabolism in the entorhinal region, and neurofibrillary tangles present on pathological examination of this region. In addition to psychosocial factors, proposed neurobiological mechanisms for increased anxiety in AD include decreased sensorimotor gating, relatively increased activation of amygdalae or the Salience Network, and the presence of comorbid pathology, particularly Lewy bodies. Having management strategies for anxiety in patients with AD is important as anxiety can worsen cognitive deficits. Interventions involve psychological support, behavioral management, and the judicious use of the psychiatric armamentarium of medications.
Virtual migration of higher education institutions in times of crisis: Major challenges and critical success factors
Authors: Shatat Ahmad Saleh , Shatat Abdallah Saleh
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND: In the last few months, e-learning witnessed a considerable demand due to the Covid-19 pandemic that made it the pragmatic solution for all Higher Education Institutions (HEI). Currently, all public and private universities relying on technology to make education continues with few interruptions. The migration of HEI into the virtual education model experienced several challenges in delivering rich education content to educators and learners. OBJECTIVE: Critical Success Factors (CSFs) enabled many universities to transform efficiently into the virtual environment. Before this transition, universities should carefully consider the key challenges and the CSFs to achieve successful migration to the virtual environment. E-learning is not a substitute anymore, it is gradually becoming a de-facto technology transformation in the current exceptional situation. This paradigm shift contributes to the success of education continuity in higher education settings. METHODOLOGY: A survey instrument was distributed to 500 students effectively using e-learning systems. Out of which only 330 were completed and used in the analysis which determined 66%as the overall response rate. RESULTS: The results of the study indicate a positive and significant relationship between the 13 CSFs and the e-learning systems usage, and that also indicates a notable impact of the CSFs on the e-learning systems usage. CONCLUSION: The outcome of this research identifies the top 13 CSFs that contribute to delivering successful e-learning systems usage. The top 13 CSFs are positively and significantly correlated with e-learning systems usage.
Sensory Cueing of Autobiographical Memories in Normal Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Comparison Between Visual, Auditory, and Olfactory Information
Authors: Lopis Desirée , Le Pape Thibault , Manetta Céline , Conty Laurence
Published: February 2021

Background:

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic, neurodegenerative disease resulting in a progressive decline of autobiographical memories (AMs) which favors the development of psycho-behavioral disorders. One of the most popular psychosocial interventions in dementia care, Reminiscence Therapy, commonly uses sensory cueing to stimulate AMs retrieval. However, few empirical studies have investigated the impact of sensory stimulation on AMs retrieval in AD.

Objective:

Our goal was to determine the most relevant cue for AMs retrieval in patients with early to mild AD when comparing odors, sounds and pictures.

Methods:

Sixty AD patients, 60 healthy older adults (OA), and 60 healthy young adults (YA) participated in our study. Participants were presented with either 4 odors, 4 sounds, or 4 pictures. For each stimulus, they were asked to retrieve a personal memory, to rate it across 3 dimensions (emotionality, vividness, rarity) and then to date it.

Results:

Overall, results showed no clear dominance of one sensory modality over the others in evoking higher-quality AMs. However, they show that using pictures is the better way to stimulate AD patients’ AM, as it helps to retrieve a higher number of memories that are also less frequently retrieved, followed by odors. By contrast, auditory cueing with environmental sounds presented no true advantage.

Conclusion:

Our data should help dementia care professionals to increase the efficiency of Reminiscence Therapy using sensory elicitors. Other clinical implications and future directions are also discussed.
Optimizing Subjective Cognitive Decline to Detect Early Cognitive Dysfunction
Authors: Chapman Silvia , Sunderaraman Preeti , Joyce Jillian L. , Azar Martina , Colvin Leigh E. , Barker Megan S. , McKeague Ian , Kreisl William C. , Cosentino Stephanie
Published: February 2021

Background:

The utility of subjective cognitive decline (SCD) as an indicator of preclinical AD is overshadowed by its inconsistent association with objective cognition.

Objective:

This study examines if manipulations of SCD measurement affect its association with early cognitive dysfunction characteristic of preclinical AD.

Methods:

Cognitively healthy older adults ( n = 110) completed SCD questionnaires that elicited complaints in general, compared to 5 years ago (retrospective SCD) and compared to their peers (age-anchored SCD) in binary and Likert scales. Outcome cognitive tasks included an associative memory task (Face-Name Test), a visual short-term memory binding task (STMB test), and a clinical neuropsychological list learning test (Selective Reminder Test).

Results:

SCD complaints, when compared to age-matched peers (age-anchored SCD) were endorsed less frequently than complaints compared to 5 years ago (retrospective SCD) ( p < 0.01). In demographically adjusted regressions, age-anchored ordinal-rated SCD was associated with short term memory binding (β= –0.22, p = 0.040, CI = –0.45, –0.01), associative memory (β= –0.26, p = 0.018, CI = –0.45, –0.06), and list learning (β= –0.31, p = 0.002, CI = –0.51, –0.12). Retrospective and general ordinal-rated SCD was associated with associative memory (β= –0.25, p = 0.012, CI = –0.44, –0.06; β= –0.29, p = 0.003, CI = –0.47, –0.10) and list learning only (β= –0.25, p = 0.014, CI = –0.45, –0.05; β= –0.28, p = 0.004, CI = –0.48, –0.09).

Conclusion:

Ordinal age-anchored SCD appears better suited than other SCD measurements to detect early cognitive dysfunction characteristic of preclinical AD.
Race/Ethnic Disparities in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: The Northern Manhattan Study
Authors: Wright Clinton B. , DeRosa Janet T. , Moon Michelle P. , Strobino Kevin , DeCarli Charles , Cheung Ying Kuen , Assuras Stephanie , Levin Bonnie , Stern Yaakov , Sun Xiaoyan , Rundek Tatjana , Elkind Mitchell S.V. , Sacco Ralph L.
Published: February 2021

Background:

Variability in dementia rates across racial and ethnic groups has been estimated at 60%. Studies suggest disparities in Caribbean Hispanic and Black populations, but community-based data are limited.

Objective:

Estimate the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in the racially and ethnically diverse community-based Northern Manhattan Study cohort and examine sociodemographic, vascular risk factor, and brain imaging correlates.

Methods:

Cases of MCI and dementia were adjudicated by a team of neuropsychologists and neurologists and prevalence was estimated across race/ethnic groups. Ordinal proportional odds models were used to estimate race/ethnic differences in the prevalence of MCI or dementia adjusting for sociodemographic variables (model 1), model 1 plus potentially modifiable vascular risk factors (model 2), and model 1 plus structural imaging markers of brain integrity (model 3).

Results:

There were 989 participants with cognitive outcome determinations (mean age 69±9 years; 68% Hispanic, 16% Black, 14% White; 62% women; mean (±SD) follow-up five (±0.6) years). Hispanic and Black participants had greater likelihood of MCI (20%) and dementia (5%) than White participants accounting for age and education differences. Hispanic participants had greater odds of MCI or dementia than both White and Black participants adjusting for sociodemographic variables, vascular risk factors, and brain imaging factors. White matter hyperintensity burden was significantly associated with greater odds of MCI or dementia (OR = 1.3, 1.1 to 1.6), but there was no significant interaction by race/ethnicity.

Conclusion:

In this diverse community-based cohort, cross-sectional data revealed significant race/ethnic disparities in the prevalence of MCI and dementia. Longer follow-up and incidence data are needed to further clarify these relationships.
Separate and Unequal: A Time to Reimagine Dementia
Authors: Kontos Pia , Radnofsky Mary L. , Fehr Phyllis , Belleville Mike R. , Bottenberg Frances , Fridley Mary , Massad Susan , Grigorovich Alisa , Carson Jennifer , Rogenski Kari , Carpenter Kyrié S. , Dupuis Sherry , Battalen Jill , McDonagh David , Fassbender Kathryne , Whitehouse Peter
Published: February 2021

The rapid emergence of COVID-19 has had far-reaching effects across all sectors of health and social care, but none more so than for residential long-term care homes. Mortality rates of older people with dementia in residential long-term care homes have been exponentially higher than the general public. Morbidity rates are also higher in these homes with the effects of government-imposed COVID-19 public health directives (e.g., strict social distancing), which have led most residential long-term care homes to adopt strict ‘no visitor’ and lockdown policies out of concern for their residents’ physical safety. This tragic toll of the COVID-19 pandemic highlights profound stigma-related inequities. Societal assumptions that people living with dementia have no purpose or meaning and perpetuate a deep pernicious fear of, and disregard for, persons with dementia. This has enabled discriminatory practices such as segregation and confinement to residential long-term care settings that are sorely understaffed and lack a supportive, relational, and enriching environment. With a sense of moral urgency to address this crisis, we forged alliances across the globe to form Reimagining Dementia: A Creative Coalition for Justice. We are committed to shifting the culture of dementia care from centralized control, safety, isolation, and punitive interventions to a culture of inclusion, creativity, justice, and respect. Drawing on the emancipatory power of the imagination with the arts (e.g., theatre, improvisation, music), and grounded in authentic partnerships with persons living with dementia, we aim to advance this culture shift through education, advocacy, and innovation at every level of society.
Rotor topology optimization of a synchronous reluctance motor based on deep neural network model
Authors: Xu Dongying , Bao Xiaohua , Xu Wei , Xu Yixiang
Published: February 2021

Synchronous Reluctance Motors (SynRMs) have been widely used in some industrial fields because of their attractive characteristics, such as high efficiency, low cost, and simple structure. In order to reduce the torque ripple of the SynRMs, a non-parametric model is usually used to optimize the rotor structure. However, the conventional method has the problems of the low-accuracy and poor generalization ability. In this paper, an optimization method of the rotor structure is proposed to reduce the torque ripple by utilizing the deep learning algorithm. Firstly, the sample data of the relationship between the rotor structural parameters and torque ripple are obtained with the finite element analysis (FEA). The fast calculation model is established by the deep neural network (DNN). Then, with the goal of not weakening the torque density and minimizing the torque ripple, the immune clone algorithm (ICA) is utilized to optimize the structural parameters of the rotor at different operating points. Finally, the correctness and validity of the method are verified by the simulation analysis. It is concluded that the accuracy of the model established by DNN is acceptable. The proposed method can significantly reduce the torque ripple and increase the torque density.
Oral Dysbiosis and Inflammation in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Fleury Vanessa , Zekeridou Alkisti , Lazarevic Vladimir , Gaïa Nadia , Giannopoulou Catherine , Genton Laurence , Cancela José , Girard Myriam , Goldstein Rachel , Bally Julien F. , Mombelli Andrea , Schrenzel Jacques , Burkhard Pierre R.
Published: February 2021

Background: Oral microbiota has largely escaped attention in Parkinson’s disease (PD), despite its pivotal role in maintaining oral and systemic health. Objective: The aim of our study was to examine the composition of the oral microbiota and the degree of oral inflammation in PD. Methods: Twenty PD patients were compared to 20 healthy controls. Neurological, periodontal and dental examinations were performed as well as dental scaling and gingival crevicular fluid sampling for cytokines measurement (interleukine (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-1 receptor antagonist (RA), interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α). Two months later, oral microbiota was sampled from saliva and subgingival dental plaque. A 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was used to assess bacterial communities. Results: PD patients were in the early and mid-stage phases of their disease (Hoehn & Yahr 2–2.5). Dental and periodontal parameters did not differ between groups. The levels of IL-1β and IL-1RA were significantly increased in patients compared to controls with a trend for an increased level of TNF-α in patients. Both saliva and subgingival dental plaque microbiota differed between patients and controls. Streptococcus mutans, Kingella oralis, Actinomyces AFQC_s, Veillonella AFUJ_s, Scardovia, Lactobacillaceae, Negativicutes and Firmicutes were more abundant in patients, whereas Treponema KE332528_s, Lachnospiraceae AM420052_s, and phylum SR1 were less abundant. Conclusion: Our findings show that the oral microbiome is altered in early and mid-stage PD. Although PD patients had good dental and periodontal status, local inflammation was already present in the oral cavity. The relationship between oral dysbiosis, inflammation and the pathogenesis of PD requires further study.
No Evidence for a Causal Relationship Between Cancers and Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Senkevich Konstantin ,   International Parkinson Disease Genomics Consortium (IPDGC), Bandres-Ciga Sara , Yu Eric , Liyanage Upekha E. , Noyce Alastair J , Gan-Or Ziv
Published: February 2021

Background: Epidemiological data suggest that cancer patients have a reduced risk of subsequent Parkinson’s disease (PD) development, but the prevalence of PD in melanoma patients is often reported to be increased. Causal relationships between cancers and PD have not been fully explored. Objective: To study causal relationship between different cancers and PD. Methods: We used GWAS summary statistics of 15 different types of cancers and two-sample Mendelian randomization to study the causal relationship with PD. Results: There was no evidence to support a causal relationship between the studied cancers and PD. We also performed reverse analyses between PD and cancers with available full summary statistics (melanoma, breast, prostate, endometrial and keratinocyte cancers) and did not find evidence of causal relationship. Conclusion: We found no evidence to support a causal relationship between cancers and PD and the previously reported associations could be a result of genetic pleiotropy, shared biology or biases.
PENGARUH CORPORATE GOVERNANCE, UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, PROFITABILITAS DAN PERTUMBUHAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEN
Authors: Zulkifli Zulkifli , Latifah Latifah
Published: February 2021

This research is aimed to analyze the influence of Corporate Governance, Firm Size, and Profitability, dan Firm Growth to Dividend Policy in the manufacture Corporations which are registered in Indonesian Stock Exchange in period of 2017 â€“ 2019, both in partially or simultaneously. The variables which will be studied: corporate governance that is proxied with the number of board commissioners and institutional ownership, firm size, profitability and firm growth. The Populations in this research are the manufacture corporations which are registered in BEI in period of 2017-2019. The samplings in the research are 20 manufacture corporations that are achieved by the technique of purposive sampling. Analysis of research data used multiple linier regression method that was assisted by SPSS 23.0 software. This study used multiple linier regression method showed that partially profitability variable and the firm growth were influencing significantly to the dividend policy, meanwhile the number of board commissioners, institutional ownership, and firm size were not influencing to the dividend policy. The result of this research simultaneously showed that the number of board commissioners, institutional ownership, firm size, profitability, and firm growth were influencing positively and significantly to the dividend policy.
A repülés elleni kibertámadás
Authors: Horváth József
Published: February 2021

Korábbi cikkeimben több alkalommal foglalkoztam a repülés elektronikai zavarásával, ebbe beleértve az eddig már megtörtént esetek összegyűjtését, illetve a repüléssel kapcsolatos tevékenységek különböző helyszínein (repülőtéri rendszerek, repülésirányítás, radar- és kommunikációs rendszerek stb.) történő elektronikai zavarás hatásának elemzését. Ebben a cikkben a repülés elleni támadás egy másik módját,anapjainkban kiemelt témának számító kibertámadás eseteit vizsgálom. Számos példát lehet találni megtörtént esetekről, amelyek eddig nem okoztak tragédiát, azonban sajnos ez könnyen megtörténhet a jövőben. Ahhoz, hogy a jövőben alkalmazható védelmi megoldásokat találjunk, elemezni kell a már megtörtént eseményeket.
DNA Barcoding of Rattan (Arecaceae) From Gunung Walat Education Forest, Sukabumi-West Java
Authors: Rangkuti Baiquni , Arida Susilowati  , Ulfa Juniarti Siregar  , Laswi Irmayanti  , Iskandar Zulkarnain Siregar
Published: February 2021

Rattan is a forest plant that has high economic and ecological value. This species grows in various habitats because of its good adaptability. Gunung Walat education forest (GWEF) is an ex-situ conservation location owned by IPB University and rattan conservation potential. In 2005 rattan were planted in this area from some material source in Indonesia, but the information regarding its identity was still limited. Therefore, this study aims to identify rattan in GWEF using barcode methods. Four barcoding those were rbcL, matk K, psbA-trnH, and ITS 1 was used for this purpose. Molecular analysis was conducted through DNA extraction using the CTAB method, DNA quality and quantity observation using electrophoresis and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification. The result of this research showed that DNA barcodes show a different
El cuadro de mandos de la política macroprudencial
Authors: Estrada Ángel , Mencía Javier
Published: February 2021

Este artículo agrupa las herramientas macroprudenciales en dos bloques —herramientas de capital y orientadas a prestatarios— y analiza las condiciones para su uso, así como los riesgos de desbordamiento o elusión. Asimismo, se evalúan las lecciones de la crisis del COVID-19 en términos macroprudenciales, y en cómo esta política podría mitigar en el futuro los efectos de crisis similares.
La maternidad a través de las prácticas discursivas de mujeres adultas
Authors: De Luna Cortes Martha Cecilia , Luna Lara María Gabriela
Published: February 2021

El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar los elementos discursivos a través de los cuales un grupo de mujeres adultas construye el concepto de maternidad, considerando sus efectos normativos y cómo se mantienen. La selección de las participantes se basó en un criterio de conveniencia, todas mujeres en un rango de edad entre 23 y 37 años y el nivel educativo igual o superior a licenciatura; También se consideró si tenían hijos o no. Los datos se recopilaron a través de grupos focales. Todas las entrevistas fueron grabadas, transcritas y analizadas, utilizando el enfoque de análisis de repertorios interpretativos como base teórica y metodológica. Se identificaron tres modelos de maternidad: hegemónica, moderna y maternidad como opción. En cuanto a las prácticas discursivas, se identifican un total de 9, de las cuales 3 se utilizan cuando se habla del modelo hegemónico y las 6 restantes con otros modelos.
Factores climáticos, geográficos y fisiográficos que contribuyen a la distribución potencial del orégano (Lippia spp.) en México
Authors: Quiroz Velásquez Jesús Di Carlo , Reyes Lara Martín , García Olivares Jesús Gerardo , Salazar Bravo Ángel , Bazán Cruz Bianca Edith , Hernández Mendoza José Luis
Published: February 2021

La presencia de Lippia graveolens es muy amplia, se distribuye en sitios diversos y confirma en algunos casos una asociación entre la presencia de la especie y factores climáticos, edáficos y geográficos. En Tamaulipas la humedad y la temperatura determinaron la distribución; en Durango, las características edáficas jugaron ese papel. En Yucatán los factores bioclimáticos no tienen influencia en la distribución de la especie, pero sí influyeron en los quimiotipos de la misma. En Zacatecas, Coahuila y Chihuahua, estados donde se recolecta más de 80% del orégano se carece de datos disponibles de condición y diversidad de esta especie. Con el programa Maxent versión 3.3.3k se realizó el análisis de la información y se estimó la distribución potencial de las tres especies de orégano, dos de las cuales son consideradas como sinónimos: Lippia graveolens y L. berlandieri.
Análisis de corrosión en aceros con recubrimientos impacta en la competitividad en la industria metalmecánica de Mexicali
Authors: López Badilla Gustavo , Sánchez Ocamp César , Paz Delgadillo Judith Marisela , Ling López Juan Carlos
Published: February 2021

Se realizó un análisis del uso de tres metales principales como lo son el cobre, cromo y níquel, que se aplican como proceso de deposición para protección de aceros ante la presencia de ambientes agresivos en interiores de la industria metalmecánica ubicada en Mexicali y que fabrica productos de acero. Aun con la aplicación de los métodos de cobreado, cromado y niquelado, en los procesos de manufactura se presentaba el proceso de corrosión en menor grado. El análisis se realizó en el año 2013 en la empresa señalada donde los factores principales de la generación de corrosión fueron la humedad y temperatura como variables climáticas, aunadas a los niveles de bióxido de azufre (SO2) como parámetro ambiental. Además, se evaluó la funcionalidad de la protección en los productos con aceros para evitar la generación de corrosión con análisis de microscopía de barrido electrónico (MBE).
Uso de sondeos electromagnéticos en la caracterización hidrológica del acuífero del altiplano de Tula, Tamaulipas
Authors: Guevara Mansilla Óscar , Ventura Houle René , Andrade Limas Elizabeth del Carmen
Published: February 2021

Las técnicas de exploración mediante sondeos electromagnéticos consisten en transmitir un campo magnético, el cual viaja a través del subsuelo, la disminución del campo electromagnético está asociada a la resistividad de la litología presente, lo que permite identificar materiales con posibilidades de contener agua, así como el volumen de los mismos. Esto en conjunto con variables hidrogeológicas funciona como gran apoyo al momento de gestionar adecuadamente el uso del agua subterránea. Se realizaron 40 sondeos en el altiplano de Tula, Tamaulipas, región cuya única fuente hídrica viable es el agua subterránea. Se identificaron tres unidades hidrogeológicas, en las cuales se estableció una zona sin capacidad para almacenarla, otra con baja capacidad para el mismo objetivo y la tercera, que es una unidad de transporte, lo que indica que los afloramientos de la formación geológica El Abra son la zonas de recarga del sistema acuífero.
Efecto de la sustitución de harina de trigo con harina de avena, maíz y sorgo sobre las propiedades reológicas de la masa, texturales y sensoriales del pan
Authors: Vazquez Lara Francisco , Verdú Amat Samuel , Islas Rubio Alma Rosa , Barat Baviera José Manuel , Grau Melo Raúl , Casillas Peñuelas Rafael
Published: February 2021

Se evaluó el efecto de la sustitución del 2.5, 5, 7.5 y 10% de harina de trigo (HT) con harina de avena (HA), de maíz (HM) y de sorgo (HS) sobre las propiedades reológicas de la masa, texturales y sensoriales del pan. Se determinó la capacidad de retención de agua (CRA), temperatura de empaste, viscosidad pico y viscosidad final en harinas. En masa, se determinó fuerza (F) y volumen a 1 h de fermentación. Se realizó un análisis sensorial en pan para determinar las preferencias de los panelistas, así como el análisis del perfil de textura (TPA). Los resultados mostraron diferencias significativas en las mediciones realizadas. El volumen de la masa obtenido al utilizar HA en los cuatro diferentes niveles no mostró diferencias con HT (136.32 cm3 ± 4.62).
Uso del piso de rejilla como método físico de control de parásitos gastrointestinales en corderos recién destetados
Authors: Escalera Valente Francisco , Maerínez González Sergio , Carrillo Díaz Fernando Benjamín , Salgado Moreno Socorro Marisa , Ávila Ramos Fidel , Gómez Gurrola Agapito , Loya Olguín José Lenin
Published: February 2021

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el piso de rejilla para controlar parásitos gastrointestinales y determinar su efecto en algunas variables de producción. Se utilizaron 32 corderos divididos en dos grupos. El primero alojado en jaulas elevadas con piso de rejilla de plástico (PRP), el segundo en corrales con piso de concreto (PC). Semanalmente, se tomaron muestras de heces, se registró el consumo de alimento y la ganancia diaria de peso (GDP). A las heces se les realizó un análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo. No existió diferencia en el número de ooquistes/huevecillos de protozoarios (4,979 vs. 5,206), céstodos (125 vs. 56) ni de nemátodos (590 vs. 490) entre los grupos PRP y PC, respectivamente. Tampoco hubo diferencia en la GDP (240g PRP vs. 230 g PC) y en la conversión alimenticia (4.74 PRP vs. 4.75 PC).
Aproximación e impacto directo de ciclones tropicales a la cuenca del río Conchos, Chihuahua, México
Authors: Sayto Corona Daniel , Silva Hidalgo Humberto , Sandoval Solís Samuel , Álvarez Herrera Cornelio , Herrera Pedraza Eduardo
Published: February 2021

Los ciclones tropicales contribuyen a la generación de precipitaciones en las zonas continentales. Estos fenómenos naturales pueden incidir mediante el impacto directo o mediante su aproximación a una región interior (no costera) de México. La precipitación total en las zonas áridas o semiáridas en México está modificándose; lo que pudiera asociarse con el incremento en el número de ciclones tropicales originados en los océanos Atlántico y Pacífico en los últimos años. En el periodo de análisis, comprendido desde el año 1949 hasta el año 2013, se determinó que 6.28% y 8.64% del total de ciclones tropicales originados en los océanos Atlántico y Pacífico, respectivamente, impactaron las costas mexicanas. En ese mismo periodo únicamente 10 ciclones tropicales impactaron directamente a la cuenca del río Conchos y 142 se aproximaron a menos de 500 km de la misma. El número de ciclones tropicales originados en el Océano Pacifico está incrementándose.
Tardígrados asociados a una plantación de cítricos de traspatio en la comunidad de El Palmar en Quintana Roo, México
Authors: Anguas-Escalante Abril , Pérez Pech Wilbert Andrés , Guidetti Roberto , Cutz-Pool Leopoldo Querubín , Ortiz León Héctor
Published: February 2021

El presente estudio provee el registro de tardígrados de líquenes en una plantación de cítricos de traspatio de la comunidad de El Palmar en el estado de Quintana Roo, México. Se proporciona la diagnosis de los géneros Ramazzottius, Mesobiotus y Milnesium. Se discute sobre la riqueza y abundancias de tardígrados en el estado. Se proporciona un cuadro comparativo de los caracteres más relevantes de los tres géneros.
La estrategia ambiental en pequeños negocios de artesanía, un ejemplo de medición
Authors: Sánchez Medina Patricia S.
Published: February 2021

En este trabajo se detalla un procedimiento específico para conceptualizar y medir la estrategia ambiental en negocios de artesanía en tres estados de la República Mexicana (Oaxaca, Puebla y Tlaxcala). Se realiza la conceptualización y operacionalización desde la percepción del artesano hasta el procedimiento operativo de una variable. Como resultado del proceso se presenta la validez estadística utilizando un análisis factorial exploratorio, la variable estrategia ambiental se explica a partir de cuatro factores con una confiabilidad de la escala de .88, medida a través del alfa de Cronbach.
Stephen Hawking. In memoriam
Authors: López García J. Jesús
Published: February 2021

xxx