bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Esterification Of Solketal And Levulinic Acid Over Heterogeneous Acid Catalysts
Authors:   , Sutinno Sorrakan
Published: November 2023

This work studied the esterification of solketal (SK) and levulinic acid (LA) over heterogeneous acid catalysts, including Amberlyst 15, Amberlyst 36 wet, HUSY zeolite, HMS-SO3H and NR/HMS-SO3H. The effect of reaction conditions on the reactants conversion and products distribution were studied such as reaction time, molar ratio of SK: LA, reaction temperature and catalyst loading. Gas chromatography with mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) was used to identify the chemical structure all of components in the products mixture. The products mixture is composed of solketal levulinate (SL), hemi-acetal of solketal levulinate (H-SL), glycerol levulinate (H-SL) and oligomers (LGO). SL is considered as the primary product. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was used to identify the chemical structure of LGO. These oligomers was terminated by three different end groups, including keto terminal (KT), glycerol-ketal terminal (GKT), and glycerol-ester terminal (GET). However, water which located inside the catalyst and generated from esterification cause of hydrolysis and other larger products formation. Glycerol was found in all of experiments. It was obtained from SK hydrolysis. Typically, esterification is a spontaneous reactionม but it was provided a low of the reactants conversion and products yield, and also takes long reaction time so adding acid catalyst is used. Esterification is an endothermic reaction so increasing the reaction temperature, the reactants conversion and product yield was increased. The effect of SK: LA molar ratio was enhanced the reaction forward and LGO was found as a major component. The effect of catalyst loading can be controlled the product selectivity. The optimum reaction conditions were used Amberlyst 15 as a catalyst at 5 wt.% respect to LA and reaction temperature at 120 ºC for 5 h to achieve the higher conversion and minimize the glycerol formation.
ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIBIOFILM FORMATION ACTIVITIES OF CINNAMALDEHYDE ON BACILLUS CEREUS AND BACILLUS SUBTILIS IN VITRO AND IN VIVO USING THAI SILKWORM MODEL
Authors:   , Singrueangratsit Kannika
Published: November 2023

Bacillus species can cause an emetic or a diarrhoeal type of food-associated illness. They are increasingly resistant to antibiotics and other antibacterial substances. Therefore, the new antibacterial agent is needed. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to evaluate antibacterial activities and antibiofilm activities of cinnamaldehyde against tested bacillus species both in vitro and in vivo studies using Thai silkworm infection model. Antibacterial activities were determined by broth microdilution method. MIC values of cinnamaldehyde for B. cereus ATCC 11778, B. subtilis ATCC 6633, B. cereus Isolate 1 and B. cereus Isolate 2 were 49.21, 98.43, 196.87 and 196.87 µg/ml, whereas MBC values of cinnamaldehyde were 196.87, 1,575, 196.87 and 196.87 µg/ml, respectively. Time kill studies showed that cinnamaldehyde exerted both bactericidal and bacteriostatic depending on concentration. Moreover, cinnamaldehyde also showed the inhibitory effect on biofilm formation in concentration dependent manner with highest percent inhibitory effect (at concentration 1,575 µg/ml) of 95.94, 75.83, 97.27 and 95.83 against B. cereus ATCC 11778, B. subtilis ATCC 6633, B. cereus Isolate 1 and B. cereus Isolate 2, respectively. In Thai silkworm infection model, cinnamaldehyde was effective in preventing the infection in silkworm with B. cereus ATCC 11778, B. subtilis ATCC 6633, B. cereus Isolate 1 and B. cereus Isolate 2 with ED50 of 438.16, 994.56, 389.50 and 396.03 µg/ml, respectively. In conclusion, cinnamaldehyde had both antibacterial activities and antibiofilm activities against tested bacillus spp. and can be further studied for the drug development.
Pharmacokinetic study of puerarin in rats
Authors:   , Poo Pilaslak
Published: November 2023

Pueraria candollei var. mirifica is a medicinal plant which has been promoted as a “Champion Product” by the Government of Thailand. Puerarin, the major bioactive component of this plant, has been an interest of pharmacodynamic activity against aging diseases, but there is little pharmacokinetic information to support further study of this activity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of puerarin, including absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, in female rats. Moreover, this is the first study to examine the tissue distribution of puerarin in the hippocampus, femur and tibia, and mammary gland based on recently the pharmacodynamic effects reported for neurodegenerative disease, osteoporosis, and breast cancer, respectively. Adult female rats were administered puerarin at 1 mg/kg intravenously or 5 and 10 mg/kg orally. Blood, tissue, urine and feces were collected and analysed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Puerarin reached a maximum concentration in blood within 1 h after oral dosing, and had an absolute oral bioavailability of approximately 7%. Puerarin was widely distributed in several tissues, including the hippocampus, heart, lung, stomach, liver, mammary gland, kidney, spleen, femur, and tibia. Approximately 50% of the intravenous dose was excreted as glucuronide metabolites via the urinary route. These results are useful for the development of puerarin and Pueraria candollei var. mirifica as phytopharmaceutical products for the prevention and treatment of aging diseases.
The immediate effects of visual and verbal cues on the ability of dynamic trunk control in sitting position in children with and without cerebral palsy
Authors:   , Khumlee Nalin
Published: November 2023

The aim of this study was to investigate the immediate effects of the different sensory cues on the ability of dynamic trunk control in sitting position in children with and without cerebral palsy (CP) aged between 8-15 years. Twenty children with cerebral palsy (10 males, 10 females) and 20 typical children (10 males, 10 females) were matched by age and gender. All participants were asked to lean trunk forward, backward, and to the left and the right directions as far as possible during sitting position in each of four cue conditions that performed in random order: no sensory, visual cue, verbal cue, and combined visual and verbal cue conditions. The results showed that the visual or verbal cue alone could improve LOS in typical children, but not in children with CP, whereas the combined visual and verbal cues could improve LOS in both children with and without CP (p<0.05). In addition, the visual or verbal cue alone could improve CoF trajectories in backward, the left and the right directions in typical children, whereas it could improve CoF trajectories only in forward directions in children with CP. Moreover, the combined visual and verbal cues could improve CoF trajectories in all directions in typical children and in forward, backward, and the left directions in children with CP (p<0.05). In conclusion, the combined visual and verbal cues was more effective to improve LOS and CoF trajectory in both groups.
Simulation of drug carrier particle capture by magnetic target
Authors:   , Choomphon-anomakhun Natthaphon
Published: November 2023

The three-dimensional (3-D) implant assisted-magnetic drug targeting (IA-MDT) using ferromagnetic spherical targets implanted within blood vessels and subjected to a uniform externally applied magnetic field, for both (a) excluding and (b) including the effect from the vessel walls on the blood flow, were investigated. For the case (a), the blood velocity was in analytical form. For the case (b), the blood velocity at any particle position was obtained by applying bilinear interpolation to the numerical blood velocity data. In this research, the capture areas (As) of MDCPs for both cases were determined by the analysis of particle trajectories simulated from equations of motion. Then, the effects of various parameters, such as types of ferromagnetic materials in the targets and MDCPs, blood flow rates, mass fraction of the ferromagnetic material in the MDCPs, average radii of MDCPs (Rp) and the externally applied magnetic field strength (µ0H0) on the As were evaluated. The appropriate µ0H0 and Rp for the IA-MDT designs in large arteries and arterioles were reported. Furthermore, the impacts of the accumulation of MDCPs on the fluid flow and the local magnetic field around the magnetized target were considered. A two-dimensional (2-D) IA-MDT for the dynamic capture and accumulation of MDCPs by a ferromagnetic cylindrical target was developed. The velocities and volume concentrations of the MDCPs and fluid within the control area were obtained by using this dynamic model. The obtained results were shown to be capable of realistically predicting the dynamic behaviors of MDCP capture and accumulation around a ferromagnetic cylindrical target.
MODEL OF MOLYBDENUM TUNGSTEN DISULFIDE ALLOY STRUCTURE USING SPECIAL QUASIRANDOM STRUCTURE METHOD
Authors:   , Pungtrakoon Wirunti
Published: November 2023

Substitutianal alloys are disorder crystalline structure. First-principles study of alloys is taken a large supercell that equivalent to a pure random structure. Structural models used in calculations of properties of substitutional random A1-xB​x alloys are usually constructed by randomly occupying each of the N sites of a periodic supercell by A or B. However, this method is not efficient. It is possible to design “Special Quasirandom Structures” (SQS) that simulate the small periodic supercell. It can be compared to structures that have large number of configurations or large cell sizes. The proposed method optimizes the supercell with the occupation of the atomic sites (A or B). This technique uses the language of Ising models to define the product of spin variable for each atomic site. Then calculate a lattice average to construct special periodic quasirandom structures. The SQS can be used in the calculation of optical and thermodynamic properties. This thesis uses the SQS method integrated with Density Functional Theory (DFT) to investigate alloy Molybdenum Tungsten Disulfide (Mo1-xWxS2​) monolayer. We found that SQS with 27 atoms to model 3x3x1 supercell structure is suitable for calculation of energy and band structure. Then the SQS of Mo1-x​Wx​S2 are studied by DFT calculations to evaluate band structures. We found tunability of band edges and band gaps by alteration of the W concentration. The results of the electronic structure studied by combination of DFT and SQS are in good agreement with experiment and Monte Carlo simulations from other works. We conclude that the model of alloy generated by SQS can be used to studies crystal structure behavior. This model uses low computational time but can achieve good result which agree well with the experiment report.
Effect Of Ethanol Solutions Under Ultrasonic Wave On Residual Monomer Reduction And Flexural Properties In Autopolymerizing Hard Reline Acrylic Resins
Authors:   , Kobnithikulwong Nattha
Published: November 2023

Autopolymerizing hard reline acrylic resins have not only have many advantages but also have disadvantages to patients. According to residual monomer (RM) content after polymerization, RM affect materials’ physical properties and also have harmful effects to soft tissue in oral cavity. Therefore, there are previous researches studied in reducing the RM content in acrylic resins such as water immersion in ultrasonic cleanser or immersion in ethanol solutions. The purpose of this study was to determine the appropriate concentration of ethanol under ultrasonic wave, affecting the reduction of RM content and maintain their flexural properties. Forty-eight specimens of Unifast Trad (UF) and forty-eight specimens of Kooliner (KL) were prepared according to their manufacturers’ instructions and divided randomly into eight groups (N=6): NC: Negative control; PC1 and PC2 (positive control); water immersion at 50°C 60 min and 55°C 10 min respectively; The others were immersed in ethanol solutions of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50% with ultrasonic bath (40 kHz) at 55°C 5 min. RM were determined by HPLC following ISO 20795-1 (2013). Eighty specimens of UT and eighty specimens of KL were prepared according to their manufacturers’ instructions, and also divided into the same as the above eight groups to test 3-point flexural properties following ISO 20795-1 (2013)(N=10). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD at p<0.05. Immersion UF in 40% ethanol solution under ultrasonic bath (40 kHz) at 55°C for 5 min and immersion KL in 10% ethanol solution under ultrasonic bath (40 kHz) at 55°C for 5 min are chosen to be a proper method to reduce RM effectively and maintain their flexural properties respectively.
Fracture resistance of various restorations for endodontically treated teeth caused from abfraction
Authors:   , Sakkayakornmongkol Supakiwinee
Published: November 2023

The aim of this study was to evaluate fracture resistance and failure pattern of endodontically treated premolars with simulated abfraction in various restorations. Thirty-two extracted two-rooted maxillary first premolars with same sizes and shapes were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=8) for different restorations types. The control group was endodontically treated without simulated abfraction and restored with resin composite at access opening. Groups 1 - 3 were simulated with abfraction, filled with resin composite, endodontically treated and then restored with different methods. Group 1 (RF) was restored with resin composite at access opening, group 2 (P/RF) was restored with fiber post and resin composite and group 3 (P/ZC) was restored with fiber post, resin composite and zirconium crown. The teeth then were placed into acrylic blocks with simulated PDL. The specimens were loaded at central fossae, 30° to long axis of the teeth until failure. The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Scheffe test at a 95% level of confidence. The results showed that the fracture resistance of control group, groups RF and P/RF had not statistically significant difference (p>0.05), while the fracture resistance of group P/ZC was significantly higher than those of groups RF and P/RF (p<0.05) with no significant difference from control group. For failure patterns, 80% of specimens in control group, groups RF and P/RF failed with palatal cusp fractures, while all specimens in group P/ZC cracked and fractured along crown margins and posts retained crowns to roots. The study concluded that resin composite filling at simulated abfraction could present the fracture resistance close to the teeth without abfraction. The fiber posts did not affect fracture resistance of the teeth with simulated abfraction, however, they retained the crowns to the roots which prevented sudden coronal crown lost. The zirconium crowns and fiber posts could significantly increase fracture resistance of teeth with simulated abfraction. In addition, the coronal remaining walls at the cervical areas are the main factors for proper restorations.
Effects of Self-Empowerment-Affirmation-Relaxation [Self-EAR] Program on Postpartum Blues (PPB) Mothers: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors:   , Thitipitchayanant Krittipitch
Published: November 2023

The Self-Empowerment-Affirmation-Relaxation [Self-EAR] Program is an alternative intervention, transformed into MP3 audio files, and developed for new blues postpartum mothers. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of Self-EAR program to improve the postpartum blues scores and serum allopregnanolone level among new blues mothers in Phayao province during June 2015 to May 2016. A randomized controlled trial was conducted among 76 postpartum blues mothers (intervention 39, control 37). All participants were randomly assigned either to the intervention group (Self-EAR program), or the control group (standard postpartum care program). The Self-EAR program was transformed into audio files which installed in the MP3 digital device before provided to the intervention group to implement at home 3 times per day for 4 weeks. Evaluation postpartum blues scores and serum allopregnanolone level by using self-report postpartum blues questionnaires at baseline, 1-month, 2-month, and 3-month follow-up. Data were analyzed by using Descriptive statistic, Fisher's Exact Test, Chi-square test, t-test, Mann-Whitney U test , and Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance. After the 3-month follow-up, the results revealed positive effect of the Self-EAR program on postpartum blues scores [p-value=0.002] and serum allopregnanolone concertations [p-value=0.001]. The postpartum blues scores in the intervention group had statistical sinificant lower than the postpartum blues scores in control group, on the other hand, serum allopregnanolone level in the intervention group had statistical significant higher than serum allopregnonolone level when compared with the control group. The findings suggested that the Self-EAR program was applicable to improve postpartum blues scores and allopregnanolone serum level among new postpartum blues mothers.
The effect of participatory selected music intervention model for improving quality of life of older adult cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy : a randomized controlled trial
Authors:   , Pudpong Nee
Published: November 2023

Cancer is one of the world’s most common diseases. The incidence of cancer increases progressively throughout the age span and is a major burden of disease for people aged 55 years and older. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of participatory selected music intervention model on quality of life and decreasing depression in older adult cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. The study was a randomized controlled trial with randomly selected block sizes of 2. The sample groups of 116 patients were the new diagnosis of colorectal, lung and breast cancer or at the first and second time of chemotherapy. The study was taken place at Chemotherapy Unit, King Chulalongkorn Hospital. All 116 subjects were randomly assigned to received either music intervention (n = 58) or control group (n = 58). The patients listened to the music through headphones for 30-60 minutes during a chemotherapy treatment with a total of 2 sessions, and the control group was received a nursing care as usual. All participants were measured for pre-test questionnaires on the quality of life (FACT-G) and Thai Geriatric Depression Scale (TGDS) and post-test after their course of chemotherapy with four times of measurement. Data were analyzed using SPSS software through analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Chi-square tests and the descriptive statistic. The final sample consisted of 105 participants which were 51 older adults in the music group and 54 in the control group. The results were shown that a repeated measures ANOVA revealed a significant difference between groups on QOL score and depression score. The increasing of QOL score and the decreasing of depression score were significantly for those subjects who received music intervention than those subjects in the control group (P<.05). The music intervention (Listening Music) with an appropriate selection in the type of music preference, the right volume, and other influencing factors is required for desired consequences of music in promoting quality of life and well-being of older adults.
Health risk assessment related to pesticide exposures among young children : a case study in agricultural community, Sakon Nakhon province, Thailand
Authors:   , Siriwat Satinee
Published: November 2023

Children living in agricultural areas are subject to pesticide exposures in their living areas and through their activities led to adverse health. The aim of this study is to assess the health risk and investigate the environmental and behavioural factors associated with pesticide exposure and resultant adverse health effects in young children living in an agricultural community. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 65 young children (age of 12-36 months). The parents were interviewed face-to-face. Childrens’ hands and feet, toys, and floors/wood beds were wiped for pesticide residue. Blood samples were collected and blood cholinesterase activity was measured. This study found that the average age of participants was 19.9±5.9 months. Percent of pesticide detections were highest on hands, toys, floors/wooden beds, and feet respectively. The highest pesticide concentration was detected on children’s toys. Pesticide concentrations on hands and feet were positively correlated to concentrations on floors and toys (Spearman’s rho=0.452-0.691, p<0.01). Using insecticide in houses were related to cypermethrin concentrations on children’s hands and feet (p<0.05). Blood cholinesterase levels among young children were lower than those in previous studies. Linear regression analysis revealed that more frequent hands/feet washing (β=-0.236, p=0.067) and showering (β=-0.240, p=0.056) was negatively associated with chlorpyrifos residue on childrens’ hands and feet. General symptoms (nausea, vomiting and anorexia) were significantly related to PChE (p<0.05). Health risk assessment of young children were not concerned from dermal exposure via children’s hands and feet from pesticide exposure to chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin and permethrin, that the HI of young children were lower than the acceptable level (HI<1). Pesticide exposures can be found in the child’s residential environment as well as through their activities and behaviours. These exposures can cause several adverse health effects. The circumstances associated with pesticide exposure should be reduced to improve the environment of children living agricultural areas.
The outcome of emergency patient transported by public air ambulance service in Thailand
Authors:   , Pangma Atchariya
Published: November 2023

Abstract Background: Public EMS in Thailand was established for many years ago with ground transportation. Aeromedical transport was started for military mission and Private air ambulance service was established for private insurance and pay service. Thai sky doctor service was start since 2010 by initiative idea of former Secretary-General NIEM, Dr.chatree charoenchiwakul and his team. Collaboration under MOU is tools for development of this project. More than 1 million EMS case per year were transported by ground ambulance but only 205 missions were request for pubic air ambulance service in Thailand. Methods: A Descriptive Cross Sectional study using Mixed method was used to study the outcome of emergency patient transported by Public air ambulance service (Thai sky doctor service ) in Thailand. Purposive selective for quantitative data use secondary data of all patient record from NIEM (N= 205) Qualitative data use primary data from staff who associated with Thai sky doctor service system ; National 1669 Dispatch center (N=3) ,Regional 1669 Dispatch center (N=1), Flight medical director (N=3) , Flight medical team ( N=6). Percentage, Mean, median, SD were used for descriptive data and Fisher’s Exact test were used for explore the factors associated with 1 day and 3 days outcome. Results: The results showed that 205 missions were request for pubic air ambulance service in Thailand. 184 cases were transported and 33 cases were not transport due to lack of aircraft, weather condition and patients was dead before transport. There were identified characteristic of Thai sky doctor service and factors associated with 1 and 3 day outcome post air transportation. Gender, age, disease group, patient severity, medical team, response time and transport time were not associated with 1day outcome. Gender, age, disease group, medical team, response time and transport time were not associated with 3 days outcome. While patient severity was significant difference associated with 3 days outcome at the .05 statistical level (p = .033). Conclusion: Thailand has developing public air ambulance service policy with good public concern. Patient severity before air transport are associated with delayed 3 days outcome. Further study may need to improve patient outcome and support public air ambulance service development.
The relationship between biomass fuels smoke and growth stunting in the children under 5 years old in Nepal: findings from 2011 Nepal Demographic Health Survey
Authors:   , Dadras Omid
Published: November 2023

Background: Children who live in households using biomass fuel for cooking are often exposed to high concentrations of indoor air pollution. This study examined the potential association of biomass fuel smoke with stunting among children under age 5 in Nepal. Methods: A cross sectional study, analyzing secondary data from 2011 Nepal Demographic Health Survey (NDHS), was conducted. Child stunting was ascertained by measuring the height for age of children under age 5. Bivariate analysis was applied to describe the children characteristics and calculate unadjusted associations between children’s stunting and biomass fuel use and other potential risk factors for stunting. Drawing on bivariate analysis results, five logistic models were constructed to calculate the effects of potential confounders on that of biomass fuels smoke. An additional sixth model was constructed to examine effect of the household wealth index on biomass fuels smoke effect and other covariates in the fifth model mentioned above (Model 5). Results: Children with exposure to biomass fuel smoke showed considerably higher prevalence of stunting (84.6%) compared to children with no exposure (84.6% compared to 15.4%, p value=0.0001). It remained significant even after controlling for potential confounding such as child, mother, environment and geodemographic factors (OR =1.50, 95% CI: 1.04-2.18). In addition, mother’s tobacco smoking appeared to be significant prognostic factor for child stunting after controlling with child and mother factors (OR=1.58, 95% CI: 1.06-2.35). Controlling for the household wealth index in model six reduced the effect of biomass fuels smoke on stunting (OR=1.13, 95% CI=0.72-1.76). Stunting was strongly positively associated with lower wealth. Conclusion: The findings show that there is strong positive association between exposure to biomass fuel smoke and stunting in children under age 5 in Nepal. Furthermore, findings from the sixth model strongly suggested that the distal risk factor poverty is the first and foremost risk factor for child stunting in Nepal, and underlies the observed association of stunting and biomass fuel use. Implementing improved stoves and cleaner fuels is recommended, as is providing increased economic opportunity.
Assessment of need for elderly in Community in Hang Dong District, Chiang Mai province, Thailand using Camberwell Assessment of Need for the Elderly questionnaire (CANE)
Authors:   , Tiativiriyakul Piyanuch
Published: November 2023

Background: The Population Ageing is poised to become an inevitable and predominant demographic changes occurring in every country around the world including Thailand. The country is facing challenges of the coming demographic shifts and enacting policies proactively to adapt to an ageing population. Therefore, the actual need of the elderly should be evaluated properly in order to manage the continuing growth of the ageing society. Method: This study is a cross-sectional description for quantitative data study which aimed to access the needs and identify the met need and un-met need of the elderly living Hang Dong District, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand using Camberwell Assessment of Need for the Elderly questionnaire (CANE). The CANE questionnaire was translated to Thai and the validity and reliability test were performed. The IOC (Index of Consistency) score of the questionnaire was 0.76 and the Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient was 0.82. The Chi-square analysis was used to explore the association between and sociodemographic, living status and health status and need identification. The regression analysis was also performed to evaluate association of independent factors which can explain the number (level) of need, met need and unmet need Results: Among 330 elderly participants who age 60 years old or above, 66.4 percent of them had at least one need per 24 items of need and 22.7% had at least one unmet need. The average need score of the sample was 3.09 per person out of 24 CANE topics (s.d.= 3.33) which 0.4 were unmet need (s.d.=1.05). The areas which had high percentage of need were physical health, eyesight/hearing/communication and memory respectively, while the area with the high percentage of unmet need (per total need) were the self-care, caring for other, benefit and accommodation. The age, number of disease and type of insurance had significant association with the number of total needs whereas, the monthly income and living environment had relationship with the unmet needs determination (p-value < 0.05). Conclusions: Although the most frequent identified need was in physical need, the highest proportion of unmet need was found in function category. Even age, number of disease and type of insurance had association with the number of total needs, the monthly income and living environment were the factors determining the unmet need.
Household environmental factors towards Acute respiratory infection & Diarrhea of child under 5 in Bangladesh. A secondary analysis of Bangladesh Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2012-2013
Authors:   , Sultana Shakina
Published: November 2023

Unsustainable household environmental factors influences the risk of children under 5 morbidities. The prevalence of childhood Acute respiratory infection(ARI) and diarrhea considerably high in Bangladesh. The objective of this study to compare the associations of household environmental factors and ARI and diarrhea among child 5 years in Bangladesh The data were obtained from a MICS survey at national level about child among child under 5 years in Bangladesh conducted by the UNICEF in 2012-2013. Women aged between 15 and 49 years living in selected households provided information on 20903 of their children under the age of 5 years. Primary outcome measure the morbidity status of the children was recorded with respect to episodes of diarrhea and ARI in the 2 weeks preceding data collection The factors associated with ARI were: child age 6-11months OR: 1.86; p :<0.001, Chittagong and Khulna divisions :2 poor household OR :1.5; p:<0.001, In case of diarrhea were: child age 12-35months OR: 5.2; p:<0.001; source of drinking water OR :1.7; p:0.001; location of water source OR :1.3; P: 0.015; types of toilet facility OR: 1.3; p:0.001; shared sanitation OR: 1.2; p:0.02. Results from this research underline the importance of developing and implementing strategic plans to reduce poverty level and improve household environment in Bangladesh. Preventive measurements acquire more to lower the risk of both ARI and diarrhea in very early age group of children. Promoting hygienic water and sanitation facilities can help reduce the prevalence of childhood diarrhea. However, these strategies need to be integrated with health education in primary level raise the likelihood that reduced risks are acute respiratory infections.
The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Daily Life and the Workplace: A Qualitative Statistical Survey in Bangladesh
Authors:   Department of Natural Science, Port City International University, Bangladesh., Islam Md. Ashraful , Ithmam Syed Rayed ,   Department of Business Administration, Port City International University, Bangladesh., Islam Md. Tanvirul ,   Department of Business Administration, Port City International University, Bangladesh.
Published: November 2023

Artificial Intelligence is changing our world day by day. In this research, we investigate how AI is affecting our daily lives and different fields of work. Artificial intelligence is highly affecting our education system, jobs, inventions, healthcare, production, and so on. In our research, we have collected 252 primary data using the qualitative method by setting up different questionnaires on AI-related topics in our day-to-day lives and conducting workspace surveys among different fields of people in the Chattogram region. The objective of this research paper is to find out how AI is affecting our lives and its future impacts on our daily lives and work. Secondary data has been used with relevant literature on different topics in AI that supports our research cause. To analyze the data, different methodologies have been used, such as reliability tests, scale statistics, ANOVA with Cohran's test, T-Square test, KMO, and Bartlett's test. This test will help us discuss and understand the situation of Artificial Intelligence’s significance in our lives and the work we do. The research paper will help the reader determine the extent to which "Artificial Intelligence" is affecting our daily lives and places of employment through scientific elucidation and precise data analysis.
Islam Dan Demokrasi: Prespektif Cendekiawan Muslim dan Penerapan di Indonesia
Authors: Solihin Solihin
Published: November 2023

Adapun tujuan dari artikel ini adalah bagaimana konsep demokrasi menurut pendapat cendekiawan muslim, serta bagaimana respon dan penerapan demokrasi di tanah air Indonesia. Bahwa antara demokrasi dan syura banyak sekali titik persamaannya meskipun juga ada beberapa celah perbedaannya. Namun demikian pemikiran yang bijak haruslah menjadi acuan dan pegangan, baik dalam melihat permasalahan demokrasi atau pun yang lainnya. Untuk kasus umat Islam Indonesia berdasarkan penelitian, dapat diakatan bahwa umat Islam Indonesia begitu menerima dan berhubungan positif dengan konsep demokrasi yang dianggap hasil menafsiran ilmuwan barat, hal ini mengingat dalam praktiknay demokrasi di Indoensia telah diadaptifkan dengan nilai-nilai Islam.
Enkulturasi Budaya Islam Dalam Permainan Tradisional Anak Untuk Membangun Generasi Rabbani
Authors: Makhmudah Siti
Published: November 2023

Budaya islam  adalah suatu kebudayaan yang dikembangkan ada orang-orang muslim pada  orang-orang beraga islam dan pada zaman peradaban. Dan kebudayaan sendiri adalah suaatu pemikiran manusia, perasaan pembangunan pikiran jiwa yang melalui bukti nyata yang membangun intelektual seperti dengan halnnya seni. Budaya islam sangat  erat dengan seni adanya kerja sama dalam pembangunan toleransi dan keyakinan pada masa peradaban. Permainan tradisonal merupakan suatu permainan lokal atau suatu dari hasil pemkiiran suatu karya, kekreativan seseorang sehingga menjadi suatu yang sangat mengesankan bahkaan sangat digemari bagi orang lain, bahkan seriing kali orang-orang mengemukakan atau berpendapat bahwasannya permainaan tradisonal adalah bentuk kegiatan olahraga atau kegiatan yang bethubungan aktivitas jasmani yang melibatkan gerakan-gerakan tubuh yang bedasarkan khas kedaerahan dan permainan tradisonal yang berprinsip tidak selalu menggunkan peraturan atau bahkan menggunakan benda-benda yang mahal tapi permmainan tradisonal cukup denga alat-alat yang sederhana atau bahkan yaang mereka punnya (apa adanya) disini permainan tradisonal tidak hannya membuat anak-anak senang tetapi juga dapat meningkat kan perkembangan dalam aspek kogitif, fisik-motorik, sosem, dan agama, jadi permainan tradisonal terdapat bannyak manfaat.
Penelitian ini berrtujuan untuk memahamkan anak tentang mengembangkan kebudayaan islam dengan menggunakan kebudayaan tradisonal atau lokal yang asli indonesia, jadi disini anak diberikan pemaham mengenai permaian traadisonal yang bersangkutan dengan kebudayaan islam sepert halnya dengan permainan wayang. Wayang disini sebagai media keterampilan tradisonal yang pernah dibuat untuk media penyaluran agama islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatiff, dari hasil penelitian ini guru harus dapat mengenalkan kebudayaan lokal pada anak yang  didasari dengan kebudayaan islam sehingga anak tidak selalu hannya tahu tentang permainan modrens seperti halnya dengan permainan game online,  anak dibiyasakan untuk bermain tradisional yang membuat anak senang dan anak kan lebih mengenal sejarah kebudayaan islam melalui permainan tradisional wayang yang  bertujuan juga anak mengenal budaya  asli lokal indonesia yang sudah hampir jarang pada kalangan saat ini.
Pembentukan Pranata Lembaga Keuangan Syariah (LKS) Di Indonesia
Authors: Solihin Solihin
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana pembentukan pranata lembaga Keuangan Syariah (LKS) di Indonesia, hinga dapat berkembang pesat seabgaimana saat ini. Adapun metode penelitian ini mengunakan metode penelitian pustaka (liblary reseach) dengan memanfaatkan publikasi terkait dengan pranana LKS. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam proses pengembangan ekonomi Islam, peranan pemerintah sangat instrumental, misalnya dalam pendirian Bank Muamalat Indonesia (BMI), sebagai salah satu bentuk LKS pertama yang memiliki legislasi hukum di Indonesia. Dan selanjutnya, perjuangan politik, termasuk formalisasi Syari’at Islam tidak saja diperlukan, tetapi juga mungkin dilaksanakan dengan dukungan bukti-bukti empiris, yang pada akhirnya dapat mengebangkan ekonomi syariah melalui pranata LKS. Dewasa ini perkembangan perankan Islam di Indonesia, sebagai gerakan ke-masyarakatan menunjukkan keberhasilan yang nyata. Namun perkembangan selanjutnya, agar lembaga ini bisa berperan lebih luas lagi, membutuhkan langkah-langkah terobosan, melalui legislasi berupa UU Keuangan Syari’ah. Legislasi ini membutuhkan perjuangan politik.
Bacterial Diversity and Occurrences in Cassava Effluent-Contaminated Soil Collected From Ozubulu, Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Microbiology, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Uli, Anambra State, Nigeria., N. E. Nwakoby, , C. F. Ejimofor, ,   Department of Biological Science, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Uli, Anambra State, Nigeria.
Published: November 2023

Environmental degradation due to indiscriminate disposal of refuse has a tremendous effect on microbial activities in the soil. Most soil in Nigeria has been subjected to different kinds of pollutants resulting from anthropogenic activities which have become a major threatening factor to the quality of soil. This study was undertaken to evaluate bacterial diversity and occurrences in cassava effluent contaminated soil from Ozubulu, Anambra State. A total of 30 composite soil samples were aseptically collected from cassava effluent disposal site using a sterile soil auger. The predominant bacterial isolates that aided nutrients cycling were appropriately characterized, and their diversities in both impacted and non-impacted soil samples were enumerated. Furthermore, the bacterial isolates were characterized based on morphology, microscopy, and biochemical characteristics. There was a significant reduction in the occurrences of the bacterial isolates in the impacted soil, and Gram negative rods such as Pseudomonas, Klebsiella and Micrococcus (Gram positive) species were the bacterial isolates. The study has revealed that cassava effluent affects microbial distribution in the soil. Keywords: Bacterial, Diversity, Occurrences, Cassava, Effluent-Contaminated and Soil
Baghdad Kept on Working: Painting and Propaganda during the British Occupation of Iraq, 1941–45
Authors: Lenssen Anneka
Published: November 2023

This article explores the late-colonial context for a wartime encounter between Polish and Iraqi artists during a period of British military reoccupation, 1941–45. Linking E. L. T. Mesens’s propaganda work for the Allied cause to the activities of Polish painters stationed in Baghdad, particularly Józef Czapski (1896–93) and Józef Jarema (1900–1974), and to those of Iraqi artists Jewad Selim (1919–1961) and Jamil Hamoudi (1924–2003), it demonstrates how a consortium of artists and officers came to model a version of modern art construed as free inquiry into form, or “art alone.” Polish artists mobilized propagandistic narratives about threats to civilization, including the loss of Paris as an open city. Responses by Iraqi artists both reflect and refract the Allied version of civilizational values. As such, the Polish-Iraqi encounter represents an early, not-yet-postwar reckoning with doubts about the progression of artistic practice in a world in which barbarous violence was always imminent.
Pensamento Crítico na Formação de Professores de Música: andragogia mobilizada pelos cantos de tradição oral
Authors: Cuervo Luciane da Costa , Rigo Rosa Maria
Published: November 2023

Este estudo objetiva delinear e refletir sobre estratégias de andragogia no contexto do ensino superior, na formação de professores e oficinas extensionistas de música a partir das musicalidades de cantos da tradição oral, de modo a incentivar e fortalecer a tomada de consciência social. Partindo da fundamentação sobre conceitos de andragogia e pensamento crítico, o trabalho contempla o planejamento e a construção colaborativa do repertório musical, bem como a sua implementação e repercussão nos contextos de atuação docente. Dentre seus achados, a abordagem mostra-se mobilizadora de novas aprendizagens por meio da pesquisa, discussão e execução coletiva de cantos cujas letras, narrativas, melodias, formas, ritmos e contexto sociocultural enriquecem as experiências formativas e promovem fortalecimento do pensamento crítico. Foi possível também constatar as contribuições das propostas na esfera da Educação das Relações Étnico-Raciais (ERER) na pesquisa, análise crítica na perspectiva da cognição social e performance de repertórios musicais de variadas culturas. A conclusão deste estudo demonstra que a problematização sobre repertórios musicais nos processos de transmissão social, memórias e silenciamentos, mostra-se significativa a partir dos cantos da oralidade e de suas perpetuações ou apagamentos históricos.
Engaging Theory in Research: A Cogent Approach to Rigorous Scholarship in Religion and Development
Authors: Dambula Chrispin
Published: November 2023

The debate on the role of religion in development remains inconclusive despite numerous research efforts and claims that religion is integral to effectiveness of development interventions. Lack of engagement with relevant theoretical frames in research is one of the major setbacks encumbering scholarship advancement in the field of religion and development as many researchers do not go beyond reporting field observations in their ethnographic studies. Indeed, many researchers report raw data that is not critically analyzed. As much as many researchers claim that religion is integral to development, their research evidence does not bear the weight of their claims because their methodologies do not pin down the specific variables that can be studied further to allow for such generalized claims. This paper critically reviews Pentecostal studies literature to reveal their methodological flaws and effects on knowledge advancement in the field of religion and development. The paper recommends theory-driven thinking in the research process including design and data analysis to gain better insight into the role of religion in development. Steps for choosing a germane theoretical frame are provided.
Looking For Divine Account On Psychological and Philosophical Intuition
Authors: Mumtaza Hafidz Alya
Published: November 2023

In its history, intuition has a variety of spectrum of meaning from various fields of study. Most associate it with mystical things that are intervened by supernatural powers. Especially with knowledge that comes suddenly (Eureka/Ilham moment) makes intuition not infrequently connected with Divine Agents. As a process, debate about intuition often occurs in the field of philosophical and psychological studies. Both have a fundamental difference, both from the meaning of the process and knowledge they produce. However, regardless of these differences, philosophical intuition and psychological intuition have a fundamental equality that is far related to something that is mystical. This article will describe the intuition from two perspectives then analyze the differences and similarities of intuition in the study of philosophy and psychology to find the existence of divine interference
Evaluation des connaissances des jeunes sur la pratique de l’avortement provoqué clandestin et ses complications dans le quartier Kingabwa à Kinshasa.
Authors:   Assistante à l'Institut Supérieur Pédagogique de Bandundu, NZOLANI Mfula Jolie
Published: November 2023

L’avortement provoqué clandestin est un avortement à risque. En effet, la vie des femmes est en danger par manque des conditions requises pour son élaboration et par l’absence d’une législation autorisant la pratique de l’avortement.L’objectif poursuivi par cette étude est d’évaluer la connaissance des jeunes sur la pratique de l’avortement provoqué clandestin ainsi que ses complications dans le quartier KINGABWA dans la ville de Kinshasa. Ce présent travail consiste en une étude descriptive et transversale à visée analytique sur un échantillon non probabiliste de commodité de 50 jeunes résidant le quartier KINGABWA, au cours de la période allant du 20 janvier 2021 au 20 novembre 2021. Pour réaliser cette étude, nous avons recouru à la méthode d’enquête, aux techniques documentaires, d’observation et d’interview et à un questionnaire d’enquête comme instrument de collecte des données. Les résultats de cette étude ont montré que la tranche d’âge prédominante est celle comprise entre 13 et 48 ans et représente soit 98% des enquêtés. Le sexe féminin était représenté à 60%, 24% étaient des élèves, 56% avaient un niveau d’études secondaire. Nous avons également trouvé que 84% des jeunes connaissaient l’avortement, 22% des jeunes avaient influencé la décision des autres à pouvoir pratiquer l’avortement et 53% des filles ne pratiquaient pas l’avortement contre 47% qui en pratiquaient; les amis étaient la source d’information avec 42,8% des cas; 57,1% des jeunes ont recouru respectivement à la chirurgie et à la prise des médicaments pour avorter; 57% connaissaient des médicaments ayant des effets abortifs et 36% ont déclaré la mort comme complication suivie de la stérilité, 28%. Les résultats obtenus corroborent notre hypothèse selon laquelle les jeunes connaissent l’avortement provoqué clandestin ainsi que ses complications tandis que la proportion de ceux qui font l’avortement provoqué clandestin est faible. Nous suggérons que les jeunes soient sensibilisés à l’utilisation des méthodes contraceptives dans le but d’éviter la pratique de l’avortement. Mots-clés: Avortement, Complication, Connaissance, Evaluation.