bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Holocene Paleohydrological Changes Reflected in Lake-Level Fluctuations in Lake Annecy (French Pre-Alps): Climatic Significance and Archeological Implications
Authors: Magny Michel , Morin Eymeric , Vérot Agnès , Richard Hervé , Marguet André , Brigand Robin , Gabayet Franck , Hinschberger Florent , Mouthon Jacques , Thirault Eric
Published: May 2024

Lakes are threatened by contemporary climate change and human activities. Paleohydrological records provide important evidence for developing scenarios for future changes in the availability of freshwater resources. This study presents a synthesis of a sedimentological, archeological, and chronological dataset collected from Lake Annecy (eastern France) to reconstruct a lake-level record documenting the whole Holocene. This dataset shows a pronounced minimum in the lake level during the Holocene thermal maximum (HTM) (ca. 9000–7000 cal BP), preceded by a general lowering trend (early Holocene), and followed by a general rising trend (Neoglacial). On both the millennial and centennial scales, the Lake Annecy record appears to match the regional pattern of Holocene lake-level fluctuations established for West-Central Europe. In agreement with other extra-regional paleoclimatic records, it shows the dominant influence of orbital forcing. The high magnitude of the lake-level lowering (more than 5 m) during the HTM, with a 2–2.5 °C difference between the HTM and the pre-industrial mean summer temperatures, suggests possible drastic lake-level lowering phases in the near future depending on the IPCC scenarios following climate change. This would mean dramatic impacts on human activities and the preservation of exceptional archeological remains in regional lake basins.
Radiometric Cross-Calibration of GF6-PMS and WFV Sensors with Sentinel 2-MSI and Landsat 9-OLI2
Authors: Wang Hengyang , He Zhaoning , Wang Shuang , Zhang Yachao , Tang Hongzhao
Published: May 2024

A panchromatic and multispectral sensor (PMS) and a wide-field-of-view (WFV) sensor were fitted aboard the Gaofen6 (GF6) satellite, which was launched on 2 June 2018. This study used the Landsat9-Operational Land Imager 2 and Sentinel2-Multispectral Instrument as reference sensors to perform radiometric cross-calibration on GF6-PMS and WFV data at the Dunhuang calibration site. The four selected sensor images were all acquired on the same day. The results indicate that: the calibration results between different reference sensors can be controlled within 3%, with the maximum difference from the official coefficients being 8.78%. A significant difference was observed between the coefficients obtained by different reference sensors when spectral band adjustment factor (SBAF) correction was not performed; from the two sets of validation results, the maximum mean relative difference in the near-infrared band was 9.46%, with the WFV sensor showing better validation results. The validation of calibration coefficients based on synchronous ground observation data and the analysis of the impact of different SBAF methods on the calibration results indicated that Landsat9 is more suitable as a reference sensor for radiometric cross-calibration of GF6-PMS and WFV.
Enhancing Subsurface Phytoplankton Layer Detection in LiDAR Data through Supervised Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Zhong Chunyi , Chen Peng , Zhang Siqi
Published: May 2024

Phytoplankton are the foundation of marine ecosystems and play a crucial role in determining the optical properties of seawater, which are critical for remote sensing applications. However, passive remote sensing techniques are limited to obtaining data from the near surface, and cannot provide information on the vertical distribution of the subsurface phytoplankton. In contrast, active LiDAR technology can provide detailed profiles of the subsurface phytoplankton layer (SPL). Nevertheless, the large amount of data generated by LiDAR brought a challenge, as traditional methods for SPL detection often require manual inspection. In this study, we investigated the application of supervised machine learning algorithms for the automatic recognition of SPL, with the aim of reducing the workload of manual detection. We evaluated five machine learning models—support vector machine (SVM), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), a neural network, decision trees, and RUSBoost—and measured their performance using metrics such as precision, recall, and F3 score. The study results suggest that RUSBoost outperforms the other algorithms, consistently achieving the highest F3 score in most of the test cases, with the neural network coming in second. To improve accuracy, RUSBoost is preferred, while the neural network is more advantageous due to its faster processing time. Additionally, we explored the spatial patterns and diurnal fluctuations of SPL captured by LiDAR. This study revealed a more pronounced presence of SPL at night during this experiment, thereby demonstrating the efficacy of LiDAR technology in the monitoring of the daily dynamics of subsurface phytoplankton layers.
Decision-Making Time Analysis for Assessing Processing Speed in Athletes during Motor Reaction Tasks
Authors: Cano Leonardo Ariel , Gerez Gonzalo Daniel , García María Soledad , Albarracín Ana Lía , Farfán Fernando Daniel , Fernández-Jover Eduardo
Published: May 2024

Reaction time (RT) is a widely used measure for testing physical performance in motor tasks. This study focused on assessing the processing speed in athletes. Twenty-five healthy volunteers were assigned to the control (n = 16) or athletes groups (n = 9). They were evaluated during motor reaction tasks based on visual stimuli and three difficulty conditions. Physiological measures were obtained from motion capture and electromyography recordings of several muscles. Two RT phases, decision-making (DMK) and electromechanical delay (EMD), were used to analyze the processing speed. The results show significant RT differences between groups. The athletes were ~30% faster compared to the control group. Despite the fact that all participants were right-handed, RT did not show any differences between hands performances in any group. However, DMK time revealed significant differences between the hands. Controls showed a longer DMK time for the right-hand election, ~20% more than the left, while athletes showed no such disparity. These findings reveal that quantifying the decision-making component of reaction time is crucial to assessing processing speed in sport. This approach could facilitate the monitoring of adaptations in both motor–cognitive and neuromuscular processes. The theoretical implications presented in this study offer perspectives on handedness research.
Applicability of Traps for Collecting Mosquito Immatures (Diptera: Culicidae) for Entomological Surveillance of Arbovirus Vectors in a Remnant of the Atlantic Forest, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil
Authors: Dias Rayane , de Mello Cecilia Ferreira , Silva Shayenne Olsson Freitas , Gil-Santana Hélcio Reinaldo , Carbajal-de-la-Fuente Ana Laura , Alencar Jeronimo
Published: May 2024

Diverse larval habitats significantly influence female mosquito oviposition. Utilizing traps that simulate these habitats is helpful in the study of the bioecology and characteristics of pathogen-transmitting species during oviposition. This study evaluated the feasibility of different traps in natural environments by comparing sampling methods and detecting the oviposition of epidemiologically important mosquitoes, with emphasis on Haemagogus species, in a fragment of the Atlantic Forest in Silva Jardim, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Monthly collections were conducted from March 2021 to October 2023 using four types of traps: plastic containers, tires, bamboo, and sapucaia. Immatures were collected from these traps using a pipette, placed in plastic bags, and transported to the laboratory. Tire was the most efficient trap, showing the highest mosquito abundance (n = 1239) and number of species (S = 11). Conversely, the plastic container trap exhibited the lowest diversity (H = 0.43), with only two species and a low mosquito abundance (n = 26). The bamboo trap captured six species and recorded the second-highest diversity index (H = 1.04), while the sapucaia trap captured five species and had the third-highest diversity index (H = 0.91). Of the total immatures collected, 1817 reached adulthood, comprising 13 species, two of which are vectors of the sylvatic yellow fever virus: Haemagogus leucocelaenus and Haemagogus janthinomys. In conclusion, detecting key vectors of the sylvatic yellow fever virus in Brazil highlights the need for ongoing entomological and epidemiological surveillance in the study area and its vicinity. These efforts are crucial for monitoring vector presence and activity, identifying potential transmission hotspots, and devising effective control and prevention strategies.
Evaluation of Bispecific T-Cell Engagers Targeting Murine Cytomegalovirus
Authors: Menschikowski Hanna , Bednar Christopher , Kübel Sabrina , Hermann Manuel , Bauer Larissa , Thomas Marco , Cordsmeier Arne , Ensser Armin
Published: May 2024

Human cytomegalovirus is a ubiquitous herpesvirus that, while latent in most individuals, poses a great risk to immunocompromised patients. In contrast to directly acting traditional antiviral drugs, such as ganciclovir, we aim to emulate a physiological infection control using T cells. For this, we constructed several bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) constructs targeting different viral glycoproteins of the murine cytomegalovirus and evaluated them in vitro for their efficacy. To isolate the target specific effect without viral immune evasion, we established stable reporter cell lines expressing the viral target glycoprotein B, and the glycoprotein complexes gN-gM and gH-gL, as well as nano-luciferase (nLuc). First, we evaluated binding capacities using flow cytometry and established killing assays, measuring nLuc-release upon cell lysis. All BiTE constructs proved to be functional mediators for T-cell recruitment and will allow a proof of concept for this treatment option. This might pave the way for strikingly safer immunosuppression in vulnerable patient groups.
Chemical Composition and Nutritive Value of Almond Hulls from Two Almond Varieties and Influence of Including Almond Hulls in the Diet on In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation and Methane Production
Authors: Recalde Adriana , Evan Trinidad de , Fernández Carlos , Roldán Rafael A. , López-Feria Silvia , Carro María Dolores
Published: May 2024

Almond hulls (AH) are frequently used in dairy ruminant feeding, but information on variability of their nutritive value and their potential effects on CH4 production is still scarce. The influence of almond variety (Guara vs. Soleta) on chemical composition and energy value of AH was investigated using 10 samples per variety collected in 2 consecutive years. Guara-AH had greater (p ≤ 0.015) ash, protein, and fat content, but lower (p ≤ 0.001) fiber than Soleta-AH. The metabolizable energy content estimated from chemical composition and in vitro gas production was 8.5% greater for Guara than for Soleta samples. Harvesting year significantly affected most of the chemical fractions. The in vitro ruminal fermentation of diets for dairy ruminants including increasing amounts of dried AH (8, 16 and 24% of the total diet; fresh matter basis) indicated that AH can be included up to 16% of the diet, partially substituting corn, wheat bran and sugar beet pulp without detrimental effects on in vitro volatile fatty acid (VFA) production. In contrast, when AH replaced alfalfa hay and corn, VFA production was reduced at all levels of AH inclusion. No antimethanogenic effects of AH were detected in the in vitro incubations.
Manual de procedimientos operativos estandarizados para el restaurante de comida rápida “Guesas Burger Joint”
Authors: Borda Carbajal Mishel Victoria
Published: May 2024

La industria alimenticia requiere de estándares que garanticen la satisfacción del cliente y mejoren la eficiencia de los procesos. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo diseñar un Manual de Procedimientos Operativos Estandarizados para mejorar la calidad de los productos de la empresa de comida rápida "Guesas Burger Joint" en Potosí, Bolivia. El enfoque fue descriptivo, utilizando entrevistas al propietario y cuestionarios a trabajadores y 200 clientes. El diagnóstico reveló problemas de calidad como cocciones irregulares, variaciones de sabor y textura, ausencia de medidas establecidas para insumos, insuficiente control de calidad, y prácticas deficientes de desinfección y limpieza, afectando la inocuidad de los alimentos. El Manual propuesto contribuye a elevar la calidad en cada etapa del proceso productivo y la satisfacción del cliente con el servicio.
Identificación de microorganismos entéricos en áreas de preparación y consumo de alimentos
Authors: Solano Andrea Carolina , Pérez Torres Cinthia Alexandra , Silverio Calderón Carmen Elizabeth , Santos Luna Jovanny Angelina , Blacio Mite Andrea Mishel
Published: May 2024

La contaminación de las áreas de preparación al entrar en contacto con los alimentos crudos o cocinados, es por esto que una de las principales causas de la contaminación de las superficies inertes es la inadecuada manipulación de los alimentos a la hora de ser preparados. Con el objetivo de controlar la aplicación de normas de higiene en las áreas de preparación y consumo de alimentos mediante análisis microbiológicos para disminuir los riesgos de contaminación alimentaria. Esta investigación es de carácter descriptivo, en la cual se realizó una inspección visual del establecimiento con el propósito de evaluar las condiciones higiénicas sanitarias, mediante la aplicación de la Guía Técnica para el Análisis Microbiológico de Superficies en contacto con Alimentos y Bebidas. Para el análisis microbiológico de las muestras se emplearon las técnicas de inoculación, método de estriado, aislamiento bacteriano, tinción diferencial y utilización de las pruebas bioquímicas como: TSI, SIM, Citrato de Simmons, Urea, Lisina, Catalasa y Oxidasa, además de la utilización de medios de cultivo selectivo y diferencial como agar EMB y agar MacConkey para la identificación de bacterias entéricas como: E. coli, Salmonella, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Shigella, Pseudomona aeruginosa. Los resultados arrojaron que la frecuencia bacteriana de las superficies inertes de los restaurantes en el área de preparación de alimentos (mesón y tabla de picar) tienen presencia de bacterias: Salmonella con mayor frecuencia; E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae y Pseudomonas aeruginosa de mediana frecuencia y de baja para Shigella, y en el área de consumo de alimentos (mesas) la bacteria de mayor frecuencia es la E. coli y Shigella, la Klebsiella pneumoniae de mediana y Pseudomona aeruginosa se encuentra en baja frecuencia. Se llegó a la conclusión que las superficies inertes tanto en el área de preparación como en el área de consumo de alimentos se encuentran contaminados por lo que hay un riesgo de infección alimentaria para los comensales de la Universidad Técnica de Machala.
Transnational Connections
Authors: Juvonen Tuula
Published: May 2024

In reference to recent interest in transnational queer studies, this essay takes steps to document the long-standing tradition of cultural connection and exchange with regard to homosexual images that has taken place across the Gulf of Bothnia and influenced the understanding of homosexuality, lesbianism included, in both Finland and Sweden. It argues that the cross-border exchange has not only nourished lesbian and gay culture and cultural production in both countries, but also influenced the way in which homosexuality – and thereby the countries themselves – have been viewed. In the article, Finnish cultural products, such as detective novels, films, scandal and porn magazines are searched for traces of the enduring idea of Swedishness being intrinsically intertwined with homosexuality. Whereas the image of Sweden was rather tainted by homosexuality in the 1950s, the public perception of Sweden in Finland changed markedly in the 1960s. In addition to ideas changing, people also started to travel between the two neighbouring countries, ensuring that the cultural exchange was by no means a one-way street.
Sisters Across the Gulf
Authors: Põldsam Rebeka , Taavetti Riikka
Published: May 2024

This article explores the connections between Estonian and Finnish lesbian communities in the early 1990s, based on oral history interviews along with media and archival sources. The Estonian lesbian community formed very quickly in the spring and summer of 1990 and from the very start developed a strong bond with the Finnish lesbian community that then lasted for several years. We have interviewed both Finnish and Estonian lesbian women about the period to learn about the activities of this transnational network and the meaning it carried for its members. In our analysis, we focus on personal and social challenges and tensions, national differences and diverse identities and ways of living as a lesbian woman, but also on the fun and rewarding connections. Our study portrays the transnational network as an example of a relatively equal community, despite the stark economic differences, and addresses how the translocal connections formed as a natural, important and integral part of the development of both these communities.
Genetically Modified Hepatocytes Targeting Bilirubin and Ammonia Metabolism for the Construction of Bioartificial Liver System
Authors: Wang Ke , Zhu Yuankui , Li Mengqing , Yang Yaxi , Zuo Dianbao , Sheng Junfeng , Zhang Xinhai , Wang Wei , Zhou Ping , Feng Mingqian
Published: May 2024

Acute liver failure (ALF) is a complex syndrome that impairs the liver’s function to detoxify bilirubin, ammonia, and other toxic metabolites. Bioartificial liver (BAL) aims to help ALF patients to pass through the urgent period by temporarily undertaking the liver’s detoxification functions and promoting the recovery of the injured liver. We genetically modified the hepatocellular cell line HepG2 by stably overexpressing genes encoding UGT1A1, OATP1B1, OTC, ARG1, and CPS1. The resulting SynHeps-II cell line, encapsulated by Cytopore microcarriers, dramatically reduced the serum levels of bilirubin and ammonia, as demonstrated both in vitro using patient plasma and in vivo using ALF animal models. More importantly, we have also completed the 3-dimensional (3D) culturing of cells to meet the demands for industrialized rapid and mass production, and subsequently assembled the plasma-cell contacting BAL (PCC-BAL) system to fulfill the requirements of preclinical experiments. Extracorporeal blood purification of ALF rabbits with SynHeps-II-embedded PCC-BAL saved more than 80% of the animals from rapid death. Mechanistically, SynHeps-II therapy ameliorated liver and brain inflammation caused by high levels of bilirubin and ammonia and promoted liver regeneration by modulating the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathways. Also, SynHeps-II treatment reduced cerebral infiltration of neutrophils, reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and mitigated hepatic encephalopathy. Taken together, SynHeps-II cell-based BAL was promising for the treatment of ALF patients and warrants clinical trials.
Synthesizing Mitigation Ambitions and Implementation of the Agriculture, Forestry, and Other Land Use (AFOLU) Sector
Authors: Luo Chongjia , Li Siqi , Hua Ershi , Forsell Nicklas , Chen Minpeng
Published: May 2024

The Agriculture, Forestry, and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector is critical in achieving the goal of limiting global average temperature to well below 2 °C above pre-industrial levels. However, a knowledge gap remains regarding whether current ambitions can achieve the temperature targets. This study established a 4-step analytical framework to evaluate the mitigation targets, pledged ambitions, and implementation within the AFOLU sector based on the Nationally Determined Contributions and Long-term Low Emissions Development Strategies of the typical 80 countries. The results indicated that 58 countries set quantitative mitigation targets, including emission and activity targets. Twenty-six countries established emission targets for 2030, representing a median emission reduction ambition of 25.5%. AFOLU’s emissions are expected to be reduced by 1,305.26 MtCO
2
-eq year
−1
, approximately 16% of total emissions, if unconditional emission targets are met, and 2,230.20 MtCO
2
-eq year
−1
, approximately 27% of total emissions, if conditional emission targets are met. Compared to emission targets, activity targets lead to higher ambitions, with a 2.52 GtCO
2
-eq year
−1
economic potential, approximately 30% of total emissions, and a 4.41 GtCO
2
-eq year
−1
technical potential, approximately 53% of total emissions. The identified finance needs are at least 842.98 billion USD by 2030, far exceeding current investment levels, yet still falls short of achieving the temperature targets. Currently, 51 of the 58 countries have proposed policy instruments to help realize their targets, with regulatory and cognitive instruments playing fundamental roles. However, ambiguous, incoherent, and inadequate policy information leads to uncertainties regarding the feasibility and effectiveness of mitigation ambitions and their implementation.
Oxytocin Alleviates Colitis and Colitis-Associated Colorectal Tumorigenesis via Noncanonical Fucosylation
Authors: Wang Xia , Chen Dawei , Guo Mengnan , Ning Yao , Geng Mingze , Guo Jing , Gao Jiahui , Zhao Dong , Zhang Yupeng , Li Qianpeng , Li Lixiang , Li Shiyang , Li Yanqing , Xie Xiaoran , Zuo Xiuli , Li Jingxin
Published: May 2024

Colon cancer is increasing worldwide and is commonly regarded as hormone independent, yet recent reports have implicated sex hormones in its development. Nevertheless, the role of hormones from the hypothalamus–hypophysis axis in colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) remains uncertain. In this study, we observed a significant reduction in the expression of the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) in colon samples from both patient with colitis and patient with CAC. To investigate further, we generated mice with an intestinal-epithelium-cell-specific knockout of OXTR. These mice exhibited markedly increased susceptibility to dextran-sulfate-sodium-induced colitis and dextran sulfate sodium/azoxymethane-induced CAC compared to wild-type mice. Our findings indicate that OXTR depletion impaired the inner mucus of the colon epithelium. Mechanistically, oxytocin was found to regulate Mucin 2 maturation through β
1
-3-
N
-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 7 (B3GNT7)-mediated fucosylation. Interestingly, we observed a positive correlation between B3GNT7 expression and OXTR expression in human colitis and CAC colon samples. Moreover, the simultaneous activations of OXTR and fucosylation by
l
-fucose significantly alleviated tumor burden. Hence, our study unveils oxytocin’s promising potential as an affordable and effective therapeutic intervention for individuals affected by colitis and CAC.
Exploring Protein Bioconjugation: A Redox-Based Strategy for Tryptophan Targeting
Authors: Yang Qian-Qian , Liu Shuai-Jiang , Huang Wei , Peng Cheng , Han Bo
Published: May 2024

Amino acid bioconjugation technology has emerged as a pivotal tool for linking small-molecule fragments with proteins, antibodies, and even cells. The study in
Nature
by Chang and Toste introduces a redox-based strategy for tryptophan bioconjugation, employing
N
-sulfonyloxaziridines as oxidative cyclization reagents, demonstrating high efficiency comparable to traditional click reactions. Meanwhile, this tool provides feasible methods for investigating the mechanisms underlying functional tryptophan-related biochemical processes, paving the way for protein function exploration, activity-based proteomics for functional amino acid identification and characterization, and even the design of covalent inhibitors.
Synergism of Light-Induced [4 + 4] Cycloaddition and Electron Transfer Toward Switchable Photoluminescence and Single-Molecule Magnet Behavior in a Dy
4
Cubane
Authors: Wang Yu-Han , Gao Zhen-Ni , Liang Shuai , Jie Li  , Wei Wu-Ji , Han Song-De , Zhang Yi-Quan , Hu Ji-Xiang , Wang Guo-Ming
Published: May 2024

Molecular materials possessing switchable magneto-optical properties are of great interest due to their potential applications in spintronics and molecular devices. However, switching their photoluminescence (PL) and single-molecule magnet (SMM) behavior via light-induced structural changes still constitutes a formidable challenge. Here, a series of cubane structures were synthesized via self-assembly of 9-anthracene carboxylic acid (HAC) and rare-earth ions. All complexes exhibited obvious photochromic phenomena and complete PL quenching upon Xe lamp irradiation, which were realized via the synergistic effect of photogenerated radicals and [4 + 4] photocycloaddition of the AC components. The quenched PL showed the largest fluorescence intensity change (99.72%) in electron-transfer photochromic materials. A reversible decoloration process was realized via mechanical grinding, which is unexpectedly in the electron-transfer photochromic materials. Importantly, an SMM behavior of the Dy analog was observed after room-temperature irradiation due to the photocycloaddition of AC ligands and the photogenerated stable radicals changed the electrostatic ligand field and magnetic coupling. Moreover, based on the remarkably photochromic and photoluminescent properties of these compounds, 2 demos were applied to support their application in information anti-counterfeiting and inkless printing. This work, for the first time utilizing the simultaneous modulation of photocycloaddition and photogenerated radicals in one system, realizes complete PL quenching and light-induced SMM behavior, providing a dynamical switch for the construction of multifunctional polymorphic materials with optical response and optical storage devices.
Integrated Cross-Scale Manipulation and Modulable Encapsulation of Cell-Laden Hydrogel for Constructing Tissue-Mimicking Microstructures
Authors: Zhao Yanfeng , Dong Xinyi , Li Yang , Cui Juan , Shi Qing , Huang Hen-Wei , Huang Qiang , Wang Huaping
Published: May 2024

Engineered microstructures that mimic in vivo tissues have demonstrated great potential for applications in regenerative medicine, drug screening, and cell behavior exploration. However, current methods for engineering microstructures that mimic the multi-extracellular matrix and multicellular features of natural tissues to realize tissue-mimicking microstructures in vitro remain insufficient. Here, we propose a versatile method for constructing tissue-mimicking heterogeneous microstructures by orderly integration of macroscopic hydrogel exchange, microscopic cell manipulation, and encapsulation modulation. First, various cell-laden hydrogel droplets are manipulated at the millimeter scale using electrowetting on dielectric to achieve efficient hydrogel exchange. Second, the cells are manipulated at the micrometer scale using dielectrophoresis to adjust their density and arrangement within the hydrogel droplets. Third, the photopolymerization of these hydrogel droplets is triggered in designated regions by dynamically modulating the shape and position of the excitation ultraviolet beam. Thus, heterogeneous microstructures with different extracellular matrix geometries and components were constructed, including specific cell densities and patterns. The resulting heterogeneous microstructure supported long-term culture of hepatocytes and fibroblasts with high cell viability (over 90%). Moreover, the density and distribution of the 2 cell types had significant effects on the cell proliferation and urea secretion. We propose that our method can lead to the construction of additional biomimetic heterogeneous microstructures with unprecedented potential for use in future tissue engineering applications.
Nachhaltige Unternehmenstransformation
Authors: Weidling Anke
Published: May 2024

Der Wandel zu mehr Nachhaltigkeit in Unternehmen ist eine der großen Transformationsherausforderungen unserer Zeit – mit der damit einhergehenden Möglichkeit, von vorherigen Transformationen (z. B. der Digitalisierung) zu lernen. Da das Thema häufig noch immer ideologisch verortet wird, statt als relevante strategische Herausforderung im Umfeld des Unternehmens wahrgenommen zu werden, muss nicht nur von einem Umsetzungsdefizit, sondern auch noch von einem Erkenntnisdefizit ausgegangen werden. Der Beitrag startet bei den kognitiven Barrieren, die diesem Erkenntnisdefizit zugrunde liegen, und beschreibt im Folgenden weitere, eher umsetzungsbezogene Herausforderungen. Diese können als unternehmensinterne Risiken angesehen werden, auf die Entscheider: innen durchaus Einfluss haben. Entsprechende Handlungsempfehlungen werden dargestellt und zusammengefasst. Über welche nachhaltigkeitsbezogenen Grundüberzeugungen und Verhaltensweisen verantwortungsvolle Entscheider:innen verfügen sollten, wird am Ende des Artikels beleuchtet.
Factors Associated with Extended Hospital Stay and its Impact on Subsequent Short-term Readmission with Tuberculosis Patients
Authors: Cao Jing , Xie Hebin , Yu Zikai , Zhang Yu
Published: May 2024

Background: This study aimed to explore the factors associated with extended length of stay (LOSE) for patients with tuberculosis (TB) in China, and construct a nomogram to predict it. In addition, the impact of extended hospital stay on short-term readmission after discharge was assessed. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted at Changsha Central Hospital, from January 2018 to December 2020. Patients (≥18 years who were first admitted to hospital for TB treatment) with non-multidrug-resistant TB were selected using the World Health Organization’s International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10-CM), and the hospital’s electronic medical record system. Results: A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the associations between TB and LOSE. The relationship between length of hospital stay and readmission within 31 days after discharge was assessed using a univariate Cox proportional risk model. A total of 14259 patients were included in this study (13629 patients in the development group and 630 in the validation group). The factors associated with extended hospital stays were age, smear positivity, extrapulmonary involvement, surgery, transfer from other medical structures, smoking, chronic liver disease, and drug-induced hepatitis. There was no statistical significance in the 31-day readmission rate of TB between the LOSE and length of stay≤14 days groups (hazards ratio: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.80-1.06, P=0.229). Conclusion: LOSE with TB was influenced by several patient-level factors, which were combined to construct a nomograph. The established nomograph can help hospital administrator and clinicians to identify patients with TB requiring extended hospital stays, and more efficiently plan for treatment programs and resource needs.
Effects of World War II on Infectious Diseases in the Persian Gulf
Authors: Chamankar Mohmmad Jafar
Published: May 2024

With the allied invasion, the southern half of Iran became the scene of a large presence of British and American occupation forces. The negative consequences of the styling of foreign elements during all the years of war and even afterward affected these areas in various dimensions of their health. The negative consequences of the occupation of southern Iran, the health and healthcare system of this part of Iran suffered problems in various forms of shortage of medicines, equipment, and treatment staff, especially the spread of various infectious and communicable diseases. The article aims to examine the effects of World War II on the southern, southwestern, and eastern regions of Iran from 1939 to 1945 and its consequences in the spread of infectious diseases in these regions. The research with an analytical-historical method relies on the library method and is based on the study of the data of unpublished documents from the archives of the National Archives and Library Organization, medical and economic social publications, and various local and public newspapers of Iran during this period. The study of documents and publications shows that due to Allied restrictive policies and successive waves of famine and widespread malnutrition, epidemic diseases, and drug monopoly, these areas experienced a period of severe decline in public health and spread of various infectious diseases.
Metastatic Gastric Adenocarcinoma in the Inguinal Hernia Sac Diagnosed Radiologically: A Case Report
Authors: Çil Ahmed Said , Üntan İbrahim
Published: May 2024

Macroscopic tumor implants in the hernia sac are a very rare condition. They occur as a result of the implantation of malignant cells in the malignant ascites from the inguinal canal to the hernia sac. In this case report, we share the clinical and radiological findings of the macroscopic tumoral implants in the hernia sac at the level of the inguinal canal and scrotum in a male patient aged 65 years with a history of total gastrectomy for gastric adenocarcinoma and developing malignant ascites six months after the surgery.
Current Leading Social Media Platforms Used by Marketers and its Benefits
Authors: Labudová Lenka
Published: May 2024

In 2024, focusing on social media in marketing is paramount due to its unparalleled reach, influence, and ability to engage diverse audiences. With consumers increasingly reliant on digital platforms for information and interaction, leveraging social media ensures brands remain visible, relevant, and competitive in an ever-evolving marketplace. This paper provides an analysis of the rapidly evolving landscape of social media marketing, with a focus on discerning trends, data preferences, and strategic platform utilization among marketers worldwide. The research draws upon extensive data collected from diverse industries, aiming to illuminate the shifting strategies employed by marketers to amplify their impact on various social media platforms. Examining trends, as indicated by marketers', constitutes a significant aspect of this study. Furthermore, the paper delves into the types of marketing data deemed indispensable by global marketing decision-makers, categorizing them based on their perceived importance. Additionally, the paper explores the domains where enhancing marketing data quality is believed to yield the most substantial benefits according to decision-makers in marketing roles across the globe. Moreover, the research endeavors to uncover the social media platforms perceived to offer the highest return on investment (ROI) by marketers, as well as identifying the platforms considered most critical for their marketing endeavors. We also analyze the leading social media platforms preferred by marketers and outline the primary benefits attributed to the utilization of social media for marketing purposes. The findings of this comprehensive analysis offer invaluable insights for marketers, empowering them to refine their strategies, allocate resources more effectively, and harness the full potential of social media platforms. By providing an overview of emerging trends, data preferences, and platform utilization strategies, this paper serves as a strategic roadmap for marketers navigating the ever-evolving digital landscape, facilitating the optimization of marketing outcomes and business success.
Assessing the Interplay of Epidemic Anxiety, Religious Coping, Spiritual Well-Being, and Tranquility During COVID-19
Authors: Gözen Nimet Göknur , Kahraman Süleyman
Published: May 2024

This study examines the relationships among epidemic anxiety, religious coping (positive and negative), spiritual well-being, and tranquility during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, the study investigates potential differences in these variables based on gender and age. The sample consisted of 405 participants. The data is collected using the Epidemic Anxiety Scale, the Religious Coping Scale, the Spiritual Well-Being Scale, and the Tranquility Scale. The findings reveal a positive and significant relationship between epidemic anxiety and both positive and negative religious coping, but no significant relationship with overall spiritual well-being or tranquility. Examining the subscales, positive and negative religious coping are positively and significantly associated with spiritual well-being. The study finds a weak negative relationship with tranquility and negative religious coping. Crucially, a significant positive relationship between spiritual well-being and tranquility is discovered. These results were discussed within the existing literature, highlighting the complex interplay between epidemic-related anxiety, religious coping mechanisms, spiritual well-being, and the experience of tranquility during the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, the implications for supporting individuals' well-being during public health crises are considered.
How Much TRT EBA TV Teaching Videos Contribute to Values Education?
Authors: Coştu Fatma
Published: May 2024

Ensuring nationwide adherence to fundamental values disseminated through educational platforms like TRT EBA TV, administered by the Ministry of National Education, holds paramount importance. The study utilized document analysis method. A total of 27 teaching videos on TRT EBA TV for 5th to 8th graders were analyzed. The findings revealed that although the teaching videos addressed some of the ten root values, they did not fully encompass all of them. Nonetheless, the study highlighted that despite the abstract nature of science lessons, the root values are predominantly emphasized. This indicates the feasibil-ity of integrating values education into science disciplines. Furthermore, the study offers recommenda-tions for effectively enhancing students' acquisition of these ten root values.
Yağ Bitkileri İçinde Kıymetli Bir Alternatif; Aspir (Carthamus tinctorius L.)
Authors: Kütük Dinçel Nazire Gülşah
Published: May 2024

Aspir (Carthamus tinctorius L.) yağ bitkisi olarak sınıflandırılmasına rağmen kullanımı sadece bitkisel yağ üretimi ile sınırlı olmayan önemli bir endüstri bitkisidir. Geleneksel ve modern tıpta kendine yer bulan ilaç yapımından, boya sanayisine, kozmetik ürün geliştirilmesinden, çeşitli gıda imalatına, ruminant ve kanatlı hayvan beslenmesinden biodizel üretimine kadar farklı sektörlerde kullanılmaktadır. Aspir bitkisinin gen merkezinin Anadolu olması özellikle kurağa, kıraç alanlara farklı ekolojilere yüksek adaptasyon göstermesi, yetiştiriciliğinin ülkemizdeki bitkisel üretimde ağırlıklı payı olan ve çiftçinin alışkın olduğu tahıl üretimiyle benzer olması, tahıl mekanizasyonuna uyum sağlanması, yazlık ve kışlık ekiminin yapılabilmesi, yeni çeşitlerin geliştirilmesine açık bir bitki olması aspiri son dönemde öne çıkarmaktadır. Aspir, ülkemizdeki yağ açığının kapatılabilmesi için ayçiçeği ve kolzaya önemli bir alternatif olmaktadır. Nadas alanlarının tarıma kazandırılması için kullanılabilecek değerli bir bitkidir. Bu çalışmada aspir bitkisi birçok açıdan ele alınmış, ülkemiz ve dünya tarımı için önemi vurgulanmıştır.
EVALUACION DE LA APTITUD COMBINATORIA GENERAL Y ESPECIFICA DE LAS LINEAS BASICAS DE EL BAJIO EN SUS DIFERENTES INCREMENTOS PARA SU MANTENIMIENTO
Authors: Carballo C. Aquiles , Monrroy R. Miguel
Published: May 2024

De un estudio de las características de aptitud combinatoria general y específica, así como algunas morfológicas y fisiológicas·, en diferentes orígenes de aumentos de doce líneas básicas de maíz para la región de El Bajío, se conlcuye lo siguiente: 1) Existen di­ferencias estadísticamente significativas para la característica de aptitud combinatoria, entre orígenes de algunas de las líneas estu­diadas; 2) No hay una tendencia definida hacia cambios definitivos, sino meras fluctuaciones que pueden interpretarse como debidas al tamaño de muestra en la obtención de los cruzamientos de prueba, o bien, en los aumentos de semilla y su efecto en las fluctuaciones de las frecuencias génicas y genotípicas; 3) En los caracteres mor ­fológicos y fisiológicos la variación observada puede deberse ade­más a una posible selección humana y en el caso particular de dos líneas en las que hubo cambios notables en precocidad y coloración, pudo ser también un efecto de la selección gamética operando en los distintos ambientes en que se aument aron las líneas.
HIBRIDOS DE TOMATE RESISTENTE A NEMATODOS
Authors: Palacios Alvarez A. , Villanueva E.
Published: May 2024

El Estado de Morelos ocupa un lugar importante en la producción de jitomate en el país, pero también se encuentra infestado su suelo con nemátodos noduladores de la raíz, (meloidogyne incognita), cau­sando bajas en el rendimiento de 50- 70% en lotes infestados. Del material probado a resistencia de nemátodos la variedad "Piernita" ha resultado resistente a estos nemátodos, pero su rendimiento es inferior a las variedades comerciales bajo condiciones de suelo no infestado; el carácter resistencia es monogénico y dominante. El trabajo consistió en formar híbridos cruzando las variedades Mana­pal, Hornestead Elite, Homestead 61, Floradel, Culiacán e Indian River, con Piemita, Los híbridos resultantes se sembraron en un lote de observación con 5 repeticiones, colocando en surcos conti­guos al híbrido y a su progenitor femenino para comparación, El re­sultado fue precocidad de 3- 8 días al inicio de la producción,mayor vigor de la planta y aumento en el tamaño del fruto bajo condiciones de no infestación de nemátodos. Conclusión: Este trabajo muestra posibilidad de obtener un híbrido F 1 para producción comercial con resistencia a nemátodos.
SELECCION DE DURAZNO CRIOLLO EN EL VALLE DE AGUAS CALIENTES SEGUNDO AÑO DE OBSERVACION
Authors: Ortega Obregón Carlos Ariel
Published: May 2024

Se presentan los avances en la evaluación de selecciones de duraz­no (Prunus persica L.) criollo en el Valle de Aguascalientes. Los máximos rendimientos fueron de 157 y 333.9 Kg/ árbol para la mejor selección de 1969 y 1970 respectivamente; y de 222.9 Kg/árbol promedio 1969-1970 para la mejor selección. Teóricamente es po­sible incrementar los rendimientos en un 600% al 6o. y 7o. año de plantación, al obtener con la última selección citada, un rendi­miento promedio anual de 63.4 ton/ha. El período entre selección más precoz y más tardía fue de 51 y 55 días para 1969 y 1970, res­pectivamente. Se presenta una relación de las selecciones más sobresalientes con sus características para los dos años de ob­servación.
DESCRIPCION COMPARATIVA DE LOS EFECTOS EN EL GRANO DE MAIZ DE LOS GENES OPACO•2 (O2) Y HARINOS •2 (fl2).
Authors: Poey D. Federico R.
Published: May 2024

Los genes opaco- 2 (o2) y harinoso- 2 (fl 2) modifican la pro­teína del endospermo del maíz, actuando como inhibridores de la sín­tesis de zeína (proteína de baja cálidad) que resulta en mayores proporciones relativas de los aminoácidos esenciales lisina y triptofano. Sin embargo, estos genes varían entre sí en la magnitud de sus efectos tanto en la proteína como en otras características físicas del grano, La herencia de o2 es recesiva y la de fl2 semidominante, demostrándose efecto de dósis genéticas del endospermo en la calidad de la proteína en fl2 pero no en o2, donde es necesario la Condición homocigota. Opaco- 2, duplica el contenido de lisina y triptofano y reduce el contenido de proteína del endospermo y aumen­ta el peso del germen en cruzamientos y fraternales. Harinoso- 2, aumenta la lisina y triptofano en menor intensidad y más inconsistentemente, pero aumenta el contenido de metionina y proteína del endospermo en algunos materiales; el peso de grano entero se reduce con más intensidad en genotipos o2 que en fl2.El tamaño de grano se incrementa en fl2  y se mantiene constante en o2. La pérdida de densidad es similar para ambos mutantes, Granos o2 retienen más humedad, y fl2 retienen menos que los granos normales. Se describen los tipos de proteína y sus respectivas proporciones en las diferentes partes del grano de maíces o2 , fl2 y normal.
CALIDAD NIXTAMALERA Y TORTILLERA DE HIBRIDOS DE MAIZ CON DIFERENTE TIPO DE ENDOSPERMO
Authors: Salinas-Moreno Yolanda , Arellano-Vázquez José Luis
Published: May 2024

Los conceptos calidad nixtamalera y tortillera de maíz (Zea mays L.) resultan difíciles de definir, pues en su entorno se agrupan infinidad de opiniones; sin embargo, existen ciertos parámetros que permiten determinar el comportamiento del maíz sobre estosaspectos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la calidad nixtamalera y tortillera de 25 híbridos experimentales de maíz generados para los Valles Altos, con diferente tipo de endospermo, a través de la pérdida de sólidos (PS), peso de nixtamal (PN), rendimiento tortillera (R), así como color en tortillas y análisis sensorial. Los híbridos se agruparon por su índice de perlado (IP) en 3 grupos: Grupo 1 (duros) con IP <20%, grupo 2 (intermedios) con 20% <IP <30% y grupo 3 (suaves con IP >30%. Se encontró que los valores de PS, PN y color de tortillas fueron estadísticamente iguales en los tres grupos analizados. En el análisis sensorial la calificación varió de muy buena a excelente para los tres grupos. Cuando se evaluó el R partiendo de 100 g de grano base seca,se encontró diferencias significativas entre los grupos 1 y 3, siendo el grupo de endospermo suave superior en 17%; los grupos 2 y 3 fueron estadísticamente iguales.
HERENCIA DE LA RESISTENCIA A LA ROYA DE LA HOJA EN DOS CULTIVARES DE TRIGO
Authors: López-Benitez Alfonso , Ibarra-Ibarra Ismael
Published: May 2024

Una de las enfermedades más destructivas del trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) es la roya de la hoja causada por el hongo Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici. En 1987, se realizó un estudio para determinar la herencia de la resistencia al cultivo TBD-TM de la roya de la hoja en los cultivares resistentes Agent y Agatha. Cada uno de éstos se cruzó y retrocruzó con el cultivar susceptible Aricosta 83 y se observaron los tipos de reacción en plántulas inoculadas de las subsecuentes generaciones segregantes. Los análisis genéticos de las generaciones F2 y F3 y de la F1 de las retrocruzas, indicaron que la resistencia al cultivo TBD-TM de roya de la hoja de trigo está determinada tanto en Agent como en Agatha por un solo gene que opera en condición dominante.
RENDIMIENTO DE GRANO Y SUS COMPONENTES EN POBLACIONES PROLÍFICAS DE MAÍZ, EN DOS DENSIDADES DE SIEMBRA
Authors: Espinosa-Trujillo Edgar , Mendoza-Castillo Ma. del Carmen , Ortiz-Cereceres Joaquín
Published: May 2024

Con el objetivo de determinar el efecto de la selección para prolificación y de la densidad de población sobre el rendimiento de grano y sus componentes de tres poblaciones de maíz (L.), se condujo un estudio en el Campo Agrícola Experimental Zea mays del Colegio de Postgraduados en Tecamac, Estado de México, en 1999. Se utilizó un diseño experimental de bloques completos al azar con arreglo en parcelas divididas y seis repeticiones. En la parcela grande se estableció la densidad de población con 30 y 65 mil plantas por hectárea y en la parcela chica las poblaciones de maíz: la población original (PC0), las del primero (PC1) y del segundo (PC2) ciclos de selección para prolificación. La interacción densidad x población no fue significativa (P≤0.05). No hubo diferencia significativa (P≤ 0.05) entre poblaciones en rendimiento de grano por hectárea, pero sí en el peso de cien granos de las mazorcas primaria y secundaria; en ambos casos PC2 presentó los valores estadísticamente superiores (P≤0.05). Hubo diferencias significativas (P≤0.05) entre densidades en longitud de mazorca y peso de cien granos de la mazorca primaria; en longitud de mazorca,diámetro, número de granos por hilera, número de granos por mazorca y peso de cien granos de la mazorca secundaria; la densidad baja presentó los valores estadísticamente superiores (P≤0.05). El número de hileras fue el componente más estable. Solamente la mazorca secundaria redujo su rendimiento de grano significativamente (P≤0.05) en la densidad alta.