bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Explicit Formulas of Moving Average Control Chart for Zero Modified Geometric Integer Valued Autoregressive Process
Authors: Sukparungsee Saowanit , Phantu Suganya
Published: September 2023

This research presents precise formulas to calculate the average time to signal (ATS) of the moving average control chart (MA chart) for detecting changes in the autocorrelation of count data when the process has zero inflation and zero deflation. Thus, a zero-modified geometric integer value autoregressive order 1 (ZMGINAR (1)) process is a suitable geometrical alternative for autocorrelated count data with an enormous (or shortfall) number of zeros. The average time to signal is a traditional control chart performance; the mean of the observations taken before a process signal that it is beyond the control limit. The numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the control limit in detecting changes in the effect of inflation and deflation of zeros. The usefulness of a control chart in detecting variations in the model of the process can be illustrated by the actual data sample of count data.
Hereditary Haemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT) Marked by ACVRL1C1120T Variant Displays Hypopigmented Naevi and Frequent Bleeding Episodes if CYP2C9 Co-Mutated: Clinical Notes & Rationale of Patient Registry
Authors: Minarik L. , Vargova K. , Dusilkova N. , Kulvait V. , Jonasova A. , Kodet O. , Stopka Tomas
Published: September 2023

Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) exhibits considerable phenotypic heterogeneity. Therefore, precise mutation screening and evaluation of patient risk must be determined in every HHT family. We present an HHT-2 case with an initial life-threatening bleeding episode that led to identification of a relatively large HHT family. Exome sequencing of the family members determined HHT-associated ACVRL1C1120T variant resulting in Arg374Trp substitution at the Ser/Thr-kinase domain region. The affected members display typical epistaxis symptomatology from early childhood resulting in sideropoenia. In addition, the HHT patients also displayed dermatology findings such as facial teleangiectasias and trunk/limb white spots representing post-inflammatory hypopigmentation. Interestingly, co-segregating with modifying cytochrome P450 (CYP2C) variant in the HHT patients led to NSAID intolerance marked by increased frequency of bleeding episodes. No arterial-venous malformation of the visceral organs and brain or association with cancer were observed. The heterogeneity of clinical presentation and the role of other variants support the need of regular patient monitoring and development of a nation-wide patient registry.
Comprehensive Analysis of PTEN in Primary Cutaneous Melanoma
Authors: Němejcová Kristýna , Dundr P. , Jakša R. , Bártů M. , Stružinská I. , Hojný J. , Hájková N. , Kodet O.
Published: September 2023

Phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) is a tumour suppressor gene implicated in tumorigenesis of melanoma, with distinct cytoplasmic and nuclear functions. Cytoplasmic PTEN negatively regulates the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway, while nuclear PTEN works as a tumour suppressor. Clinical data suggest that the loss of PTEN function in melanoma is associated with aggressive tumour behaviour. We performed a comprehensive analysis of PTEN in 112 primary cutaneous melanomas including immunohistochemical (IHC), fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), next-generation sequencing (NGS), and epigenetic analysis. The goal of our study was to: (a) correlate PTEN expression with selected clinico-pathological variables, and assess its prognostic significance; (b) correlate molecular aberrations with PTEN expression to consider the utility of immunohistochemical analysis of PTEN protein expression for screening PTEN genetic alterations; (c) review the literature and evaluate the PTEN expression level in melanoma with respect to possible therapeutic targeting. Our results showed that PTEN molecular alterations were present in 4/20 (20 %) cases with a loss of expression, 3/11 (27 %) cases with clonal-like expression, and 1/81 (1 %) cases with positive PTEN expression. No PTEN promoter methylation was found in any of the cases. Even though the value of our observation is limited by the low number of cases fully evaluated by IHC (112 cases), FISH (19 cases) and NGS (30 cases), our data suggest that IHC is not an appropriate method for the screening of PTEN genetic alterations. Our survival analysis suggests that patients with positive cytoplasmic PTEN expression show better disease-free survival (P < 0.05).
Positive periodic solutions for discrete time-delay hematopoiesis model with impulses
Authors: Yan Yan
Published: September 2023

The present article is devoted to the positive periodic solution for impulsive discrete hematopoiesis model. This model is described by a first-order nonlinear difference equation with multiple delays and impulses. The existence result is obtained by applying the Krasnosel’skii fixed point theorem. A sufficient condition that guarantees that there is at least one positive periodic solution is established. Moreover, illustrative example and numerical simulation analysis are provided to show the existence of positive periodic solutions and the effect of impulses on positive periodic solutions.
Seitenwechsler im Zentralbankwesen – Karrieren im Beziehungsdreieck von Finanzwelt, Wissenschaft und Politik (1948 bis 1970)
Authors: Marx Christian
Published: September 2023

The article examines the careers of German central bankers and the phenomenon of the revolving door in the first two postwar decades. It focuses on the personnel changes between central banking and politics resp. private banking and asks for the social structure of German central bankers, their training paths and changes in comparison to the Reichsbank era. Finally, the impact of recruitment practices on central bank policy will be outlined. The paper is based on the thesis that party-political orientation became significant for the rise of the presidents of the land central banks (Landeszentralbankpräsidenten) after 1945 and that relations to private banking were primarily evident in training, whereas such aspects were of secondary importance for central bank monetary policy.
Hurting the Grandiose Self: Examining Presence, Frequency, and Functions of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury in Pathological Narcissism
Authors: Finch Ellen F. , Boccagno Chelsea , Hooley Jill M.
Published: September 2023

The present study examines whether dimensions of pathological narcissism are associated with the presence, frequency, and function of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI). Adults (N = 252) completed questionnaires assessing narcissistic grandiosity, narcissistic vulnerability, fluctuation between these narcissistic states, and borderline personality disorder (BPD) symptoms. Those with a history of NSSI (n = 105) also reported the method, frequency, and function of their NSSI engagement. When controlling for co-occurring BPD symptoms, there were very few associations between vulnerability, grandiosity, and narcissistic fluctuation and NSSI presence and frequency. However, a clear pattern emerged regarding NSSI functions. Although vulnerability and narcissistic fluctuation were not associated with any functions of NSSI when co-occurring BPD symptoms were controlled for, grandiosity was positively associated with all interpersonal functions of NSSI (e.g., peer bonding, revenge) and negatively associated with the intrapersonal function of affect regulation. These results suggest a unique relationship between narcissistic grandiosity and NSSI that may inform clinical intervention.
ATENÇÃO À SAÚDE BUCAL DE PESSOAS COM DEFICIÊNCIA PELA PERSPECTIVA DE DIFERENTES PROFISSIONAIS
Authors: Goulart Castro Renata , Sousa Carvalho Renata , De Oliveira Miranda Natalia , Egues Moraes Nathaliê , Franken Taila , Wanghon Zuila
Published: September 2023

Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar como a atenção à saúde bucal é relatada pelas diferentes áreas profissionais que atuam no cuidado à pessoa com deficiência (PcD). A busca daliteratura foi realizada nas bases de dados: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, LILACS,Cochrane, Scielo, BDENF, BBO, CINAHL, entre 2010 a 2020. Dois núcleos temáticos foram elencados: saúde bucal e pessoa com deficiência, junto com seus sinônimos em português, inglês eespanhol. Foram identificados 4.375 estudos nas bases de dados, dos quais 544 foram excluídospor serem duplicatas. Após a leitura do título e do resumo, permaneceram 30 artigos para análisecompleta, dos quais 11 foram incluídos neste trabalho. Após a análise da literatura, evidenciou--se a escassez de publicações acerca do cuidado à saúde bucal das PcD por profissionais dediferentes áreas da saúde. Estudos constataram o desconhecimento e a falta de treinamentodos profissionais sobre a importância e o manejo da saúde bucal das PcD. Somado a isso, há adificuldade de encontrar cirurgiões-dentistas capacitados para cuidarem corretamente dessespacientes. Ressalta-se, portanto, a importância de mais estudos e iniciativas de conscientizaçãosobre o cuidado à saúde bucal de PcD por profissionais de diferentes áreas da saúde.
ATUAÇÃO DA MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA JUNTO À COMUNIDADES SÓCIO VULNERÁVEIS NA PANDEMIA
Authors: Ramos de Freitas Vitória , Pereira Dias Tábata , Versteg Nielle , Lamas Stelmake Lenara , Da Rosa Curcio Bruna , Brum Cleff Marlete
Published: September 2023

A pandemia de Covid-19 produziu repercussões econômicas e sociais imensas no Brasil, expôs grupos vulneráveis e dificultou para muitos o acesso a alimentação e medicamentos. Assim, nosso objetivo foi ilustrar as ações sociais realizadas pelo projeto de extensão “Medicina Veterináriana promoção da saúde humana e animal: ações em comunidades carentes como enfrentamento da desigualdade social”, durante a pandemia. As ações solidárias referem-se à distribuição de alimentos e itens de higiene, atendimento veterinário aos animais da comunidade, além de açõesinformativas e de conscientização a respeito do Covid-19 com distribuição de máscaras e álcool gel. As iniciativas realizadas durante o período, não apenas forneceram suporte prático e emocional às famílias afetadas, mas também reforçaram os valores de solidariedade e compromisso social entre os estudantes universitários, estreitando os laços entre a comunidade acadêmica e a população atendida pelo projeto.
Thinning promotes litter decomposition and nutrient release in poplar plantations via altering the microclimate and understory plant diversity
Authors: Wang Yu , Hong Senxian , Fang Shengzuo , Cui Guangcai
Published: September 2023

Thinning is widely employed in forest management to improve productivity, protect forest biodiversity and maintain ecosystem functions. Here a thinning experiment with four treatments (unthinned, CK; 30% tree removal from below, MB; 50% tree removal by interlaced thinning, HI; and 50% tree removal from below, HB ) was set up in the poplar plantation, while a followed decomposition experiment with four litter types was conducted under the poplar plantations of undergoing four thinning treatments using the litterbag technique. Thinning affected the microclimate, but only the heavy thinning (HI and HB) significantly enhanced photosynthetic photon ﬂux density (PPFD) and soil moisture in the plantations during the growing season. Thinning promoted understory vegetation biomass and vegetation diversity via modifying the microclimate parameters. Pearson correlation analysis showed that PPFD and understory herbaceous biomass were significantly correlated to Shannon-Weiner diversity index. Both thinning intensity and litter type significantly affected the litter remaining mass over times. Overall, increasing thinning intensity and litter complexity enhanced decay rate, while reduced half live (t0.5) and t0.95 values. Correlation analysis showed that air relative humidity, soil temperature, air temperature and soil moisture significantly inﬂuenced the litter mass loss rates. Non-additive (synergistic) effects were observed when different litters were mixed, but the non-additive effect was most pronounced when more herbaceous species litter were mixed with poplar leaves and 50% thinning intensity was applied. Dynamics of nutrient release from different litter types were similar to those on the litter mass lose, depending on the litter quality and microclimatic conditions. Our results suggest that a thinning operation with 50% tree removal from below (HB) would maintain the structural and functional features of the poplar plantations at the similar sites.
Detection of invasive plants using NAIP imagery and airborne LiDAR in coastal Alabama and Mississippi, USA
Authors: Thapa Nisham , L. Narine Lana , Fan Zhaofei , Tiwari Kasip
Published: September 2023

Invasive plants have imposed severe threats to native ecosystems worldwide. Triadica sebifera (Tallow tree) and Ligustrum sinense (Chinese privet) are among the most prolific invasive species in the southern United States (US) that needs urgent assessment to protect coastal ecosystems. The lack of spatially explicit assessments of these invasives, coupled with the increasing availability of high-resolution remotely sensed data, represents an opportunity to produce a distribution map for subsequent monitoring. The overall goal of this study was to develop spatially comprehensive maps of Tallow tree and Chinese privet in ecologically sensitive coastal regions, where both invasives have become well established. The study was conducted in three coastal sites within Alabama and Mississippi: (1) Mobile Tensaw River Delta, (2) Bon Secour National Wildlife Refuge, and (3) Mississippi Sandhill Crane National Wildlife Refuge. We implemented three image classification methods, representing unsupervised, supervised, and machine learning techniques, respectively: (1) ISODATA, (2) Maximum Likelihood (ML), and (3) Random Forest (RF). For each classification, a 1 m National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) orthoimage was first examined, then integrated with vegetation structure and topography parameter derived from airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR). The maximum Overall Accuracy (OA) of 87.5% was obtained using RF model with NAIP stacked image integrated with LiDAR derived variables. Overall, findings highlight the potential for accurately characterizing both Tallow tree and Chinese privet using readily available remote sensing data. Mapped products from this study represent a spatially comprehensive baseline inventory of crucial invasive species and will serve to inform the development of a framework for broader-scale mapping and monitoring efforts.
Multi-temporal Pacific madrone leaf blight assessment with unoccupied aircraft systems
Authors: I. Barker Matthew , D. Burnett Jonathan , Haddad Tanya , Hirsch William , Kun Kang Dae , Pawlak-Kjolhaug Kale’a , G. Wing Michael
Published: September 2023

Pacific madrone leaf blight (PMLB) is a contributing agent to the decline of Pacific madrone (Arbutus menziesii) trees. Multiple fungal pathogens cause PMLB, resulting in leaf spotting that can eventually kill leaves, increasing stress in individuals, and leaving them more susceptible to deadly cankers. Spores transmit via air and water droplets, particularly during wet Spring months. Unoccupied aircraft systems (UAS) technologies are in their relative infancy, but UAS are becoming more affordable and accessible. UAS promise increased efficiency in forest health monitoring applications, providing a safer aerial data collection method at a relatively-low cost when compared to occupied aircraft. In this study, we develop and present a UAS methodology to detect PMLB with a multispectral sensor. This methodology combines orthomosaic products derived from high-resolution (~4 cm) multirotor platform UAS multispectral imagery with machine learning and ground assessment of PMLB to classify visual presence of blight at the individual tree-level during multiple site revisits. The resulting model detected PMLB infection status of 29 field surveyed madrone trees with a kappa coefficient of , a balanced accuracy of 0.85, and a true positive rate of 0.92. The method presented here can be readily scaled to efficiently cover a much larger extent with a beyond-line-of-site capable UAS and minimal field sampling. The increased efficiency of this approach may be critical to characterizing PMLB in the near future as it is anticipated that PMLB prevalence will continue to increase as a result of climate change.
Cycling and status of boron in two forest types in Greece
Authors: Michopoulos Panagiotis , Kostakis Marios , Koulelis Panagiotis , Bourletsikas Athanassios , Kaoukis Kostas , Kavvadias Victor , Kavvadias Victor , Arapakis Dimitrios , Pasias Ioannis , S. Thomaidis Nikolaos , Liakopoulou Nektaria
Published: September 2023

The status and cycling of boron (B) were examined in two forest types in Greece, a maquis and a mountainous fir forest. In the hydrological cycle, in both forest types, the B concentration in the bulk deposition was significantly lower than that in throughfall implying dry deposition. It was also shown that some long-range transfer of B took place in the atmosphere above both forests. The total B in soils was higher in the maquis forest reflecting the chemical composition of the parent material but also the proximity of the maquis forest to the sea. Likewise, the B concentration in the holm oak leaves in the maquis forest was higher than that in the fir needles. These facts affected the B concentrations in the soil solution and fluxes in the hydrological cycle and litterfall of both forests. In soils, the available B correlated significantly with the organic carbon and the ratio of C/N in both forests but not with the total B. The residence time of B in the forest floor was lower in the maquis plot, which means faster cycling. The low temperatures in the mountain fir plot contributed to this fact.
Thigh muscle fat fraction is independently associated with impaired glucose metabolism in individuals with obesity
Authors: Lu Xiaobing , Yue Jiang , Liu Qianjing , He Shengyun , Dong Ying , Zhang Ming , Qi Yicheng , Yang Minglan , Zhang Wang , Xu Hua , Lu Qing , Ma Jing
Published: September 2023

Background

The aim of this study was to address the intramuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) accumulation in the lower extremities and further detect the relationship between adipose tissue (AT) distribution in the muscle and glucose metabolism in subjects with obesity.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study in 120 Chinese obese adults (80 male and 40 female) with BMI ≥ 28 kg/m2. MRI was applied to access the IMAT content in lower extremities. The oral glucose tolerance test was used to evaluate the glucose metabolism and insulin secretion in all individuals. The correlations between glucose metabolism and the fat content of the lower extremities were further assessed.

Results

Among 120 included subjects, 54 were classified as subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and 66 with impaired glucose regulation (IGR). We presented that those with IGR had higher fat accumulation in semitendinosus, adductor magnus, gracilis and sartorius than those with NGT (all P < 0.05). In sex-specific analyses, females have higher IMAT in adductor magnus than males (P < 0.001). Males with IGR had higher fat fraction of semitendinosus and sartorius than those with NGT (P = 0.020, P = 0.014, respectively). Logistic regression analyses revealed that IMAT content in semitendinosus was the independent factor of IGR in individuals with obesity after adjustment for age, gender, triglycerides, creatinine and albumin (odds ratio: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.02–1.26, P = 0.024).

Conclusions

Increased adipose tissue accumulation in thigh muscles was associated with glucose dysregulation in patients with obesity. IMAT content in semitendinosus may serve as a possible risk factor for impaired glucose metabolism.
Tax Declaration Scheme Using Blockchain Confidential Transactions
Authors: Sakalauskas Eligijus , Bendoraitis Antanas , Lukšaitė Dalė , Butkus Gintaras , Vitkutė-Adžgauskienė Daiva
Published: September 2023

The article presents the tax declaration scheme using blockchain confidential transactions based on the modified ElGamal encryption providing additively-homomorphic property. Transactions are based on the unspent transactions output (UTxO) paradigm allowing to effectively represent digital asset of cryptocurrencies in e-wallets and to perform financial operations. The main actors around transaction are specified, include money senders, receivers, transaction creator, Audit Authority (AA) and Net of users. A general transaction model with M inputs and N outputs is created, providing transaction amount confidentiality and verifiability for all actors with different levels of available information.
The transaction model allows Net to verify the validity of a transaction, having access only to encrypted transaction data. Each money receiver is able to decrypt and verify the actual sum that is transferred by the sender. AA is provided with actual transaction values and is able to supervise the tax payments for business actors. Such information allows to verify the honesty of transaction data for each user role.
The security analysis of the scheme is presented, referencing to ElGamal security assumptions. The coalition attack is formulated and prevention of this attack is proposed. It is shown that transaction creation is effective and requires almost the same resources as multiple ElGamal encryption. In addition to ElGamal encryption of all income and expenses, an additional exponentiation operation with small exponents, representing transferred sums, is needed. AA computation resources are slightly larger, since they have to be adequate for search procedures in the small range from 1 to ${2^{32}}-1=4294967295$ for individual money transfers.
LOW COST DOSIMETER MODULE FOR MVA LUNAR LANDER MISSION
Authors:   National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Science (NARSS), ELFIKY D. , AZIZ S. ,   National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Science (NARSS), HESHAM N. ,   National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Science (NARSS), AYMAN A. ,   Egyptian Space Agency
Published: September 2023

Understanding the lunar radiation environment is crucial for future space exploration missions, as the lack of atmospheric and magnetic shielding allows charged particles of varying energies and origins to penetrate the surface of the moon. In space radiation environments, it is common practice to use radiation dosimeters to measure absorbed dose and dose rate. In this study, the payload will include a radiation dosimeter capable of measuring the radiation intensity at the landing site’s surface. The design concept and implementation of a radiation readout system for the real-time measurement of gamma absorbed dose and dose rate at the surface of the landing area for the MVA mission are based on a photodiode sensor that is commercially available and will be used as a gamma radiation sensor. The module experienced low levels of activity (Cs137, Co60, and Sr90). The performance of the photodiode-based module has been demonstrated by the Giger counter. Due to its low cost and high sensitivity, this radiation module would be clearly advantageous.
APPLICATION OF THE TEST-PARTICL STATISTICAL METHOD FOR THE SIMULATION OF RAREFIED PLUME FLOWS IN A VACUUM
Authors:   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, L. L. Pecheritsa L.L. , Smіla Т.G. ,   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine
Published: September 2023

The article substantiates the important role of the problem of the supersonic jet outflow into a vacuum to control the motion of the center of mass, orientation, and stabilization of the spacecraft’s position in space. The types of low-thrust engines and microrocket engines viewed have plumes that can pass through all regimes from continuum to free-molecular. In zones where motion is described at the molecular-kinetic level, statistical methods are most often used. The statistical Test Particle Method (TPM) has so far been used only in rarefied homogeneous flows. The aim of this work is to develop the TPM for numerical modelling plume flows. Below are the basic tenets of the TPM and changes in its algorithm. The initial drawing of the trajectories of molecules is carried out either from the nozzle exit (in the absence of a dense core) or from the initial surface, which is the virtual border of the continuity zone. Determining the distributions over the surface of the drawing of the coordinates of the start and the mass velocity of the plume flow is decisive for obtaining adequate results. Among the considered launch options, the most realistic one is uneven, with a concentration on the plume axis. The calculation of the mass velocity of the plume flow at the initial surface can be performed using numerical methods of continuum aerodynamics or using approximate methods. The testing of TPM in the far field of a rarefied nitrogen plume was carried out by comparing the relative density distribution with the data of the approximate method. The results obtained in the presence of the initial sphere and in its absence agree with each other. The TPM testing in the area adjacent to the nozzle was carried out by comparing the isolines of relative density and Mach numbers with the results of direct Monte Carlo simulation for the experimental conditions of helium outflow from a lowthrust engine into a vacuum. Satisfactory agreement has been obtained between the numerical simulation data of the TPM and the compared data
GIS-BASED LAND-USE/LAND COVER CHANGE ANALYSIS: A CASE STUDY OF ZHYTOMYR REGION, UKRAINE
Authors:   Polissia National University, PYVOVAR P.V. , TOPOLNYTSKY P.P. ,   Polissia National University, SKYDAN O.V. ,   Polissia National University, YANCHEVSKII S.L. ,   National Center of control and tests of space vehicles
Published: September 2023

Today, the deep and wide implementation of geoinformation technologies in the many fields of human activity is due to the powerful development of three scientific and technical components: statistical, software, technical, and space technologies. In this article, based on GIS technologies, an analysis of the state of land use and its changes in the territory of the Zhytomyr Region, as well as the impact of Russian aggression against Ukraine on these processes, was carried out. The structure and the dynamics of the main classes of the land cover of the region for the past 7 years were analyzed, the main causes and consequences of such trends were determined, and the analysis of changes in the land cover was carried out. According to the results of this study, in 2022, 52 % of the territory of the Zhytomyr Region was under forested areas, which consist of two categories: forests and other forested areas. The first category remained unchanged during the studied period since the government system of protection and reproduction of forest resources functions effectively. While the second category significantly decreased due to the fact that firewood is the most available fuel resource for heating buildings, so the population began to harvest wood in the form of felling and clearing old gardens, forested bushes and rivers (irrigation canals), and forest strips. Agriculture of the Zhytomyr Region develops due to extensification. According to Google Dynamic World data, in 2022, 34 % of the territory of the Zhytomyr Region is systematically used for growing agricultural crops. Over the past seven years, there has been a significant increase in cultivated land by 27 %. In the structure of the land cover of the Zhytomyr Region, the grass cover is 4.9 %, but it is gradually decreasing. A decrease was observed for all types of territorial communities until 2021 (10 %annually on average), while, in 2022, the decline slowed down significantly in rural and village territorial communities and stopped in urban ones. This dynamic is connected with two factors: 1) part of the gardens of rural households were sown with grass due to the fact that men were mobilized to the Armed Forces of Ukraine as a result of Russian aggression, and growing grass requires less human costs; 2) Russian aggression caused a shortage of certain food products, and their significant increase in price while keeping cattle provides food for the rural household, so, in 2022, most of the offspring from cattle were not sold and left for further maintenance. In turn, the increase in cattle requires more feed, an important component of which is grass.
GLOBAL VARIATIONS IN THE GEOMAGNETIC FIELD CAUSED BY THE EXPLOSION OF THE TONGA VOLCANO ON JANUARY 15, 2022
Authors:   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Chernogor L. F.
Published: September 2023

The explosion of the Tonga volcano on January 15, 2022, led to significant disturbances in the Earth (lithosphere, World Ocean) — atmosphere — ionosphere — magnetosphere system. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of a study of global variations in the geomagnetic field caused by the explosion of the Tonga volcano on January 15, 2022. To analyze the variations of the X-, Y-, and Z-components of the geomagnetic field, registrations at 12 stations of the worldwide INTERMAGNET network were used. When processing the time series, the trend calculated over 60 min with a step of 1 min was first subtracted, and then a system spectral analysis was applied. An analysis of the state of space weather made it possible to choose January 13 and 17, 2022, as reference days. An analysis of time variations in the level of all components of the geomagnetic field showed the following. On the day of the volcano explosion, approximately after 04:21, there were significant variations in the level of all components, but the largest variations were observed in the level of the Y-component. The shortest time delay was 6 min. At the same time, quasi-periodic variations of the geomagnetic field with a period of 4…4.5 min and an amplitude of ~2 nT were caused by acoustic resonance in the field of a standing acoustic wave generated by the explosion of the volcano. In addition, six groups of possible disturbances stimulated by the volcano explosion were found. It is important that in each group, the time delay of disturbances increased with increasing distance between the volcano and the station. It was found that the disturbances were transported at speeds close to 4, 1.5, 1 km/s and 500, 313, and 200 m/s. Such velocities are characteristic of slow MHD waves, a blast wave, an atmospheric gravity wave, a Lamb wave, and an ionospheric tsunami wave.
Modern Entrepreneurship and Volunteer Activity in the Context of Russian Military Expansion (Based on Fastivshchyna Materials)
Authors: Balushok Vasyl
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to analyses of a characteristic feature of Ukrainian identity – enterprise and initiative, which became the basis for volunteering under circumstances of russian-Ukrainian war. The materials have been collected using method of participant observation in Fastiv and its rural surroundings. The methodological basis is the neo-evolutionary concept of human culture as a way of adaptation. This feature of the Ukrainian identity suffered destructive influence during Soviet times. However, in the conditions of the restored independence revival of initiative and enterprise had occurred in a form of small business, in parallel with the awakening of Ukrainian patriotism. After stagnation and national ambiguity of the 1990s caused by the Soviet heritage, hundreds of small and medium-sized enterprises based on private initiative appeared. At the same time, there is a correlation between awakening of ethno-national identity and patriotic design of small business. In Fastiv, it manifested itself in language Ukrainization, patriotic and specifically Ukrainian company names and advertising inscriptions, etc. During the war, small business became the basis of a powerful volunteer movement that provides support for the rear of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and assistance to victims of military aggression. It is natural because volunteering needs initiative. Dozens of formal and informal volunteer organizations have emerged, where all those who care work for the common cause of victory. Churches of various confessions are engaged in a lot of volunteer activity. Volunteers store and deliver food for the Ukrainian Armed Forces, produce camouflage and other necessary items, such as socks, bulletproof vests, etc. They also deliver clothes and means of hygiene, help in the reconstruction of destroyed habitation, organize departure of people in need, provide assistance to forced migrants with resettlement, etc.
Imperial Nature of the Russian Culture through the Prism of War
Authors: Lysenko Oleksandr
Published: September 2023

The article reveals the problem of the low morale of Russian society at the present stage of its development from the point of view of Russia’s war against Ukraine in 2014–2023. A clear indicator of the society’s decline is the justification of Putin’s policy by most of the intellectual and cultural elite of the Russian Federation, which demonstrates the dominance of the authoritarian political ideology – Rashism, based on totalitarian and misanthropic ideological principles and social practices. While analyzing the socio-political processes in Russia over the past three decades, it is worth noting that liberal democratic ideas that were common in the early 1990s did not find their embodiment, since for the society (including the ruling elite) the authoritarian regime of power turned out to be more natural. We see the origins of Russian imperialism (Rashism) in the concept of God’s choice of the Russian people, a great influence on the formation of the imperialist national consciousness of which was influenced by works of famous Russian poets and writers such as Aleksandr Pushkin, Nikolai Gogol, Fyodor Dostoevsky, Fyodor Tyutchev, Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, and others. Today, the Russian Federation is dominated by public views based on great-power chauvinism and painful nostalgia for a powerful state that determines the fate of the world. And only a minor stratum of the society's intellectual part was able to rethink and abandon the totalitarian past, with the most remarkable representative of all them being Liya Akhedzhakova. A striking manifestation of the low level of culture in the Russian Federation is the modern musical production of popular artists (Yulia Chicherina, Oleg Gazmanov, rock band Lyube, Polina Gagarina, Dmitry Pevtsov, etc.), which demonstrates the lack of aesthetic taste and spirituality and is an expression of existing opportunistic processes inherent in the culture of authoritarian countries. The author concluded that the listed facts testify to the mythological thinking of the Russian society regarding its glorious past and existing groundless claims to other countries, as well as manifestations of xenophobia and militarism. The vast majority of Russians are captured by the cult of force and death rather than a need for culture.
Austrian and Jewish German-Speaking Ukrainophiles from the Spring of Nations to the Holocaust: the Problem of European Identity
Authors: Yudkin-Ripun Ihor
Published: September 2023

The article deals with the problem of the so-called imagology concerning the formation of a stranger’s image. In particular, in the German-speaking area, the image of Ukraine as the European Eastern frontier dates back to the epoch of Enlightenment, with the paragon being a Christian Fürchtegott Gellert's novel (1715–1769) from 1747 about the fate of the Swedish warriors exiled to Siberia. One of the novel’s peculiarities is that the heroes of the narration include a Polish Jew as an intermediary between Europe and the Siberian world. The next writer that has contributed to the German image of Ukraine was Friedrich Martin von Bodenstedt (1819–1892), who compiled the collection of the Ukrainian folklore Poetical Ukraine (1845). Within the Austro-Hungarian state, we can find especially favourable conditions for the development of images of Ukraine as evidenced, in the second half of the XIXth century, by such personalities as Leopold Ritter von Sacher-Masoch (1836–1895) and Karl Emil Franzos (1848–1904). Of importance is the circumstance that the Halychyna Ukrainians and Jews are considered as the representatives of ethnic groups with such fates that are to be compared. In the XXth century, there are at least four persons worth mentioning. First of all, it is Wilhelm Franz von Habsburg-Lothringen (of the Emperor’s House, 1895–1948), who travelled incognito across the Carpathian lands and wrote verses in Ukrainian under the pseudonym Vasyl Vyshyvanyi. Another representative was Juliana Schneider (1860–1947), who belonged to the circle of Ivan Franko’s acquaintances and has entered the Ukrainian literature with the name Uliana Kravchenko. It was Joseph Roth (1894–1939) who essentially contributed to the promotion of images of Ukraine in Europe constantly describing Halychyna Ukrainians. It is due to his stories that the Europeans have got the opportunity of becoming acquainted with the particulars of the contemporary Ukrainian daily life in the 1920s. Jona Gruber (1908–1980) became a German-speaking Ukrainian writer and contributed to German translations of Lesia Ukrainka works.
Ukrainian Children’s Folk Clothing in the Artistic and Ethnographic Heritage of Yurii Pavlovych
Authors: Tureiskyi Ihor
Published: September 2023

The article examines the issue of children’s folk clothing of Ukrainians in the work of the outstanding Ukrainian ethnologist Yurii Pavlovych (1872–1947), his rich heritage includes thousands of sketches of Ukrainian folk life, clothing, housing, and landscapes are studied and presented in the work «Ukraine in Folk Types, Landscapes, and Architecture: Artistic and Ethnographic Heritage of Yurii Pavlovych» published by the M.T. Rylskyi Institute of Art Studies, Folkloristics, and Ethnology in 2010. From 1921 to 1934, Yurii Pavlovych worked as a permanent freelance employee of the Cabinet of Anthropology and Ethnology named after Khvedir Vovk, enriching the work of this institution with detailed illustrative material. Some of Yurii Pavlovych’s drawings and works highlight the issues of children’s clothing culture. These materials are extremely valuable for studying the children’s subculture, features of children’s clothing, its forms and specifics. The original point of view of the author of the illustrations, who fixed the inconspicuous and atypical details of children’s everyday life is noteworthy. During the preparation of the research, drawings and manuscripts of Yurii Pavlovych involved from the Archival Scientific Funds of Manuscripts and Audio Recordings of the Maksym Rylskyi Institute of Art Studies, Folkloristics and Ethnology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (funds 1 and 39). Based on the discovered sketches, an attempt was made to analyse the characteristic features and peculiarities of children’s clothing, their informative value for the study of children’s folk clothing of Ukrainians in the first half of the XX century. Drawings and materials reflect various aspects of children’s clothing culture, its variability, established norms and transformations in both traditional and urban culture, namely in Kyiv. In the discovered sketches, it is possible to see the colours of the costume, aesthetic taste, traditions, and trends in clothing creation. The types, costume elements and appearance recorded by Yurii Pavlovych clearly represent the local specificity of children’s clothing. The unique materials are a valuable source for the study of folk dress, as well as questions about the role of the child and childhood in Ukrainian culture. Some of Yurii Pavlovych’s drawings are being published for the first time.
Folklorism and Folklorization of Epigraphic Cross-Stitch Papers by the Bucha Artist Liubov Panchenko
Authors: Brovarets Tetiana
Published: September 2023

The artist Liubov Mykhailivna Panchenko (1938–2022) from Bucha, whose death was caused by the genocide organized by the russian occupiers in Bucha and shocked the Ukrainian public in the spring of 2022, is known primarily as a Sixties artist. The heyday of her talents occurred during the period of totalitarian pressure, which significantly hampered the artist’s career: the achievements of a bright personality who consistently opposed the Soviet government were naturally suppressed. However, some of her creative works based on Ukrainian folklore were not only published in the Soviet magazines, but also became firmly rooted in folk culture – at the turn of the second and third millennia. For example, these include Liubov Panchenko’s embroidery patterns based on Ukrainian song folklore plots. The patterns she developed can be classified as epigraphic embroidery schemes because they contained a verbal component - the opening lines of these songs. The song lines offered by the artist later became verbal formulas of epigraphic embroidery. Hence, the article is aimed at the demonstration of Liubov Panchenko’s contribution to the development of Ukrainian epigraphic embroidery of the mid to late 20th century to the early 21st century. The relevance of the study is determined by two important aspects at once: 1) as today very few people make parallels between the artist’s name and the embroidery schemes developed by her, it is necessary to trace the contribution of Liubov Panchenko to specific topics that were widely spread in folk culture; 2) as the phenomenon of epigraphic embroidery was typical primarily for the late 19th century through the first half of the 20th century, there is a need to highlight the development of the tradition of embroidering verbal folklore in the period between the just mentioned time period and the present (in recent years there have been trends towards the revival of this phenomenon). The results of the conducted research have shown that Liubov Panchenko’s epigraphic embroidery schemes went through a logical path of development of the author’s works, which were built on folklore (the basis was taken from oral song folklore), and later were folklorised (fixed in embroidered verbal folklore). The prospects for further study of this topic seem to us, in particular, to trace the features of modern folklore transformations of the plots embroidered according to the schemes of Liubov Panchenko.
Natalia Panina’s sociology: theory, research, professional ethics
Authors: Golovakha Yevhen , Zahorodniuk Tetiana
Published: September 2023

The article focuses on the life and legacy of an outstanding Ukrainian sociologist, Doctor of Sciences in Sociology Natalia Panina (1949–2006). She was a leading expert within Ukraine in a number of areas determining the development of national sociological science and relating to the study of important social phenomena such as social adaptation, societal transformation and political culture. She also provided organizational and methodological support to the monitoring and epidemiological studies. N. Panina adapted a number of well-known Western questionnaires for measuring anxiety, anomie, social cynicism, etc. and applied these tools to mass surveys. In addition, Panina’s works on the issues of interethnic tolerance in Ukraine gained extraordinary resonance. She was the first to set out principles for designing a quality sociological test which should be used in mass surveys. In 1992, while working at the Institute of Sociology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, N. Panina started developing a project for monitoring social changes in Ukrainian society and testing the methodology related to this project. With the passage of time, the monitoring grew into the main source of systematic sociological information for the academic community, authorities and general public of Ukraine. The findings from the monitoring survey supervised by N. Panina all the time have served as a basis for numerous monographs, academic papers and journalistic articles. In 2014, this project was awarded the State Prize in Science and Technology. N. Panina participated in many cross-national research projects, successfully collaborating with social scientists from the Institutes of Sociology of the Polish and Hungarian Academies of Sciences, the Universities of London and Cambridge, Hartford, Georgetown and New York (in Stony Brook) Universities, the University of Jerusalem, as well as with a number of academic institutions in Germany, Switzerland, Netherlands, France and Slovakia. Her articles and monograph chapters were published in each of these countries. For many years, N. Panina was the Head of the Commission on Professional Ethics of the Sociological Association of Ukraine. She managed the preparation of the Code of Professional Ethics for Sociologists, approved in 2004 at the Congress of the Sociological Association of Ukraine.
Is a minimum wage an effective or residual social standard?
Authors: Tolstykh Nataliia
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the minimum wage as a social and labor standard. The liberalization of the economy has led to a simplification of social and labor relations, a reduction in the share of labor contracts with social obligations on the part of businesses, and a transition in remuneration from minimum wage guarantees to an agreement on remuneration for services rendered, that is observed around the world. The article indicates the possible consequences and threats of transferring social obligations and insurance directly to employees. According to international statistics, a comparison of the minimum wage in Ukraine and in other countries of the world is made. The author emphasized the need to study the minimum wage as component of the system of basic social standards and, based on the data of a sociological survey, determines the degree of correspondence of the minimum wage and the subsistence minimum to the real cost of living in Ukraine. Special attention is paid to the role of the minimum wage in the mechanisms of state policy in the labor market. Raising the minimum wage has a positive effect on reducing working poverty, inequality, and social tension in society. At the same time, it is also necessary to increase the rates of social assistance linked to the minimum wage, that will also contribute to an increase in the standard of living of the population and, in particular, the least affluent segments. A warning is made that the minimum wage cannot be replaced by other social standards, such as the minimum basic income, which can only be introduced if it is supplemented to the existing system of social guarantees. The conclusion of the analysis is the justification for maintaining the minimum wage as an effective social standard necessary for developing strategies for the post-war economic recovery of Ukraine.