bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bacterial vaginosis as a risk factor for cervical carcinogenesis
Authors:   Russian University of Medicine, Moscow, Russian Federation, Minkina G.N. ,   “Everon” Clinic, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: January 2025

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a necessary but not sufficient cause of cervical cancer. In this review, the role of bacterial vaginosis (BV) as a co-factor in cervical carcinogenesis is considered. The composition of the vaginal microbiota in healthy women and its significance in the prevention of cervicovaginal infections, as well as current understanding of BV and the possibilities of its treatment are discussed. Potential mechanisms for the effect of vaginal dysbiosis on the acquisition, persistence of HPV infection and its progression to cervical lesions are presented.
Key words: vaginal microbiota, bacterial vaginosis, HPV infection, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, cervical cancer, ornidazole
Indonesia’s Digital Financial and Economic Transformation Through Digitalize Redenomination
Authors: Kumaeroh Silvia Puspa , Sandy Muhammad Ayesha Arif , Septenta Muhammad Ikhwanurrohiim , Utami Fina Dwi , Parasetya Mutiara Tresna
Published: January 2025

The financial sector plays an important role in the economy and continues to develop. Some central banks are actively exploring the initiation of digital currency that will become a legal tender [6]. This digital currency is known as the Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC). Apart from the technological aspect, the CBDC must also be supported by the efficient value of the rupiah denomination. Therefore, it is necessary to simplify the number of digits in the rupiah denomination with a redenomination policy. The implementation of the two policies separately will take a long time in the formulation process. This research comes up with a new concept called "Digitalize Redenomination". This concept that has never existed in previous studies integrates both redenomination policy and CBDC at the same time. The research methods are both qualitative and quantitative. The qualitative method is done by analyzing literature study data and interviews with Bank Indonesia and economists. While the quantitative method is done by analyzing questionnaire data of the public. From this research, it is concluded that the current condition of the financial system in Indonesia has entered the era of digital transformation and at the same time, Indonesia also needs to simplify the rupiah denomination. The Digitalize Redenomination mechanism has the potential to be applied in Indonesia. However, the application of this concept cannot be implemented until the national economic condition is stable. After the economy is stable, the government can review this concept to be implemented in Indonesia.
Antecedent and Consequence Model of Trust on Online Fashion Retail (Zalora)
Authors: Laili Fauzia Nur , Wahyudi Lilik
Published: January 2025

This study has the purpose to understand the antecedents and consequences of trust in online shopping consumers. The model of three (perceived quality, perceived risk, and trust) increase the intention to purchase on the e-commerce platform. "Zalora" as one of the most popular fashion online in Asia has strategies to get their consumer's trust. This study is quantitative research using an online survey method. We share the link address of the survey using social media Whatsapp. We screened the questionnaire that had been filled by 372 respondents and we choose 238 respondents who met the requirements. In this study we use 4 variables perceived quality, perceived risk, trust, and intention to purchase. The results of this study indicate that perceived quality negatively affected perceived risk (-0.277). Perceived risk also negatively affected trust (-0.193). Meanwhile, perceived quality directly has a positive effect on trust (0.726) and trust has a positive effect on the intention to purchase on the Zalora eCommerce platform.
Analysis of The Life Skills Level of PJKR STKIP Darussalam Cilacap Students in The Context of Positive Youth Development
Authors: Saefulah Dian Imam , Kusmiyati Kusmiyati , Handoyo Andi
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the degree of life skills acquired by PJKR STKIP Darussalam Cilacap pupils through physical exercise. Descriptive methodology combined with a survey technique was employed. All PJKR STKIP Darussalam Cilacap pupils who engaged in physical exercise made up the study's population. 50 respondents made up the sample, which was collected using the total sampling approach. The tool utilized was a life skills questionnaire that the researcher created. It included six parts: intrapersonal (increased attention, goal-setting, and emotional control); and interpersonal (honesty, collaboration, and respect). Data analysis used descriptive analysis as outlined in the form of percentages. The results showed that the level of life skills of PJKR STKIP Darussalam Cilacap students after participating in physical activity was in the category of "less" by 34%, "adequate" by 48%, and "good" by 18%.
Stylistic Study of The One-Wing Eagle Anthology by Ulfatin C.H with A Semiotic Approach
Authors: Dinata Sigit Andi Prasetya , Setiyawan Dwi , Nurhayati Dini
Published: January 2025

The poetry anthology ‘Rajawali Satu Sayap’ by Ulfatin C.H in this research is studied from the stylistic aspect using semiotic approach. This research aims to find and analyse stylistic elements such as diction, imagery, figurative language, and meaning found in the poetry anthology ‘Rajawali Satu Sayap’ by Ulfatin C.H. Descriptive qualitative method with content analysis technique is the method used in this research. The meaning of the signalling system and language signs in the poems is revealed through a semiotic approach. The results show some stylistic peculiarities in the anthology ‘Rajawali Satu Sayap’, including (1) the use of diction dominated by connotative and philosophical words, (2) the use of strong images, especially visual and kinesthetic images, (3) the use of figurative language dominated by metaphor and personification, and (4) meanings that describe life struggles, spirituality, and social criticism. This study contributes to the development of stylistic studies of modern Indonesian poetry using a semiotic approach.
Social Media Influencer as Marketing Communication of “FORTIVIT” Rice from Perum BULOG
Authors: Febriani Teradijah , Rahmanto Andre N , Naini Albert Muhammad Isrun
Published: January 2025

In the era of globalization, digital technology continues to develop.  It can be seen by the increasing number of internet and social media users. The development of digital technology also causes changes in consumer behavior, thus requiring companies to be more adaptive to changes and establish their communication strategies. The development of social media as a digital communication tool continues to grow and becomes one of the opportunities as well as challenges for companies to improve their performance. The selection of the right digital media needs special attention, one of which is a digital influencer or Social Media Influencer (SMI). The role of Social Media Influencers (SMI) is increasingly important to shape consumer attitudes and corporate image.  This study uses qualitative methods through observation and interviews with informants who meet certain requirements. Perum BULOG, one of the State-Owned Enterprises (BUMN) which is an important sector in the food industry, is the focus of the study.  The results of the study indicate that Perum BULOG's marketing communication strategy in selecting Social Media Influencers is based on the credibility of influencers who influence the delivery of messages. 
Tutor’s Strategies in Teaching TOEFL to Dompu Scholarship Hunter Community
Authors: Wahyuni Nur , Idhar Idhar , Bulan Arif
Published: January 2025

Test of English as a foreign language (TOEFL) is a test instrument to measure an individual skill level to English proficiency. Today, TOEFL is studied by almost students in Indonesia at the university level. The study aims to find out; (1) how are the tutor's strategies in teaching TOEFL to Dompu Scholarship Hunter Community, (2) what are the tutor's obstacles in teaching TOEFL to Dompu Scholarship Hunter Community, and (3) how are the tutor's efforts in solve the obstacles in teaching TOEFL to Dompu Scholarships Hunter Community. The research method was a qualitative research method with a qualitative descriptive approach. The data collection technique used structured interviews with three tutors. The findings were: (1) the tutor’s strategies were direct-learning, indirect learning, interactive learning, and independent learning, (2) inadequate time of learning per meeting, different basic abilities of students, and late distribution of TOEFL modules, (3) tutors provide TOEFL ebooks and additional assignments outside of class, and insert general material in each topic discussion.
Representation of The Puragabaya Legend Through Videography of Poetry Musicalization
Authors: Putra Adita Widara , Syihabudin Syihabudin , Sumiya Sumiya
Published: January 2025

The legend of Puragabaya is part of the Galunggung Tasikmalaya folklore which has the potential of Sundanese cultural wealth and needs to be revitalized to maintain its existence. The legend of Puragabaya tells of a special warrior figure Prabu Siliwangi who was educated and forged physically and mentally at the Galunggung Invisibility Pesantren. The figure of Puragabaya contains elements of wisdom, persistence, and tenacity, representing the cultural and social values of the Galunggung community. The revitalization of legends in this study was represented through the videography of poetry musicals. The process of revitalizing the Puragabaya legend is based on the concept of art-based research which aims to present the form of the Puragabaya. The implementation of art-based research to revitalize legends involves the process of creating literary works of art and literary performances consisting of poetry musicalization, poetry reading, and poetry dramatization. In addition, painting and dance work as a form of legend representation are collaborated into videography to add aesthetic power. The results of the study show that the process of revitalizing legends as part of oral literature shows more concrete results by using art-based research that utilizes technological developments.
Disclosing Social Identity from The Netizens Responses to The Indonesian Presidential Election Announcement: Appraisal Framework
Authors: Khrisna Dyah Ayu Nila , Dewi Ida Kusuma
Published: January 2025

The presence of social media appears to be the hardest to restrain people from posting captions, sharing photos and videos, or merely leaving comments. Throughout the time of the presidential election, the Indonesian social media were embroidered with the dispute between Jokowi’s and Prabowo‘s influencers. This ‘battle’ reached its climax when Joko Widodo was announced to be the winner. The netizens’ comments on the announcement of the Indonesian presidential election posted on the lambe_turah Instagram page are the center of attention of this study. Due to the great amount of the comments, the data were randomly limited to the first 100 comments involving both allies. Since most prior researches were conducted with a psychological approach, this article endeavors to see people's identity from a linguistics viewpoint. The Appraisal framework was applied to classify the data. The results of the study divulge the social identity between the two parties. Jokowi’s followers were likely to deliver their satisfaction by deriding their opponents. These findings are reinforced with the linguistic evidence revealing the upmost presence of Judgement over Affect and Appreciation; both negative and positive. Likewise, Prabowo’s influencers also declared their disaffection and distrust by scoffing KPU and their contenders. Their Attitudes are negatively conveyed for the most part. In conclusion, the netizens’ written remarks left on lambe_turah Instagram post are assessed containing Attitudes, in which the writers tend to show negative Attitudes to the group they do not belong, no matter they win or lose.
Revitalizing Kaba Sabai Nan Aluih Through The Transfer of Animated Films and Other Creative Media
Authors: Syahrul Ninawati , Sunarti Sastri , Atisah Atisah
Published: January 2025

Kaba or Minang oral literature is slowly being pushed aside by the rapid development of the times. Therefore, we need an action for preservation, namely by transferring the vehicle. One of the kaba entitled Kaba Sabai nan Aluih contains moral values, religious values, and cultural values. The transfer of Wahana Kaba Sabai nan Aluih is an opportunity as well as a strategy to maintain the cultural heritage of kaba or oral literature in the era of technological disruption. The transfer of the vehicle is also so that the ancestral heritage in the form of kaba is not lost and the value contained in it can still be conveyed to the next generation of the nation. This study aims to reveal the use of information technology, especially in making the script of Kaba Sabai nan Aluih in the form of animated films and other creative media. This research uses the perspective of the transfer theory theory. The data is sourced from literature studies or narrative texts in articles, books, and journals related to the transfer of vehicles. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method. This study shows that the conversion of the kaba into animated films or other creative media can prolong the life of the kaba in society. In addition, to introduce the younger generation to the typical kaba from the Minang area, West Sumatra. In adapting kaba into an animated film requires a touch of technology. Through technology, kaba can be adapted by bringing the perspective of the nation's next generation closer, namely in the form of animated films. The concept of transfer of vehicle is only a bridge in order to be able to pass on the value of the past into the value of the present in a way that is acceptable, digestible, and more attractive to the current generation. The transfer of the vehicle is just an effort to adapt to the context of the times and the interests of the younger generation. Therefore, the more attractive media is technology-based or digital multimodal media. However, the orientation of the child is still led to the book. As long as it has a mature concept, collaboration from the creative media industry, and sufficient funding, the animation can be accepted by the community so that kaba or oral literature is well protected and continues to live in society even though it is in a different world.
The Level of Understanding of Grade X Students of SMA N 1 Maos Cilacap on Physical Fitness
Authors: Kusmiyati Kusmiyati , Saefulah Dian Imam , Hidayat Miftahul
Published: January 2025

Physical fitness is one of the subjects that must be given to students. However, not all students are able to accept as a whole about the material given by the teacher. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of understanding of grade X students of SMA N 1 Maos Cilacap towards physical fitness. This research is a quantitative descriptive research with survey method. The study population was all grade X students of of SMA N 1 Maos Cilacap totaling 648 students. The research sample was taken by 38% of the population of 247 students determined using the Slovin formula. Sample determination using cluster random sampling technique. The instrument uses a test in the form of a previous questionnaire in the form of a google form that has been tested for validity by experts and the reliability results can be received with a value of 0.76. The content of this instrument contains 38 points of true-false statements. The analysis technique used is descriptive statistics with the help of Microsoft Excel. Then the analysis data obtained are presented in frequency tables and categorized. The results of this study showed that the level of understanding of physical fitness was 5.26% included in the "Very Good" category, 22.27% was included in the "Good" category, 48.99% was included in the "Sufficient" category, 16.60% was included in the "Less" category, and 6.88% was included in the "Poor" category. So it can be concluded that the level of understanding of physical fitness is mostly included in the "Enough" category.
Language Development and Acquisition 2.5 Year Old Child
Authors: Dinata Sigit Andi Prasetya , Seftiani Helmi , Priska Mochamad Bintang
Published: January 2025

This study aims to explain the development and acquisition of language in children aged 2.5 years using qualitative methods. Qualitative methods are used by analyzing and collecting non-numerical data. This study collected data through direct observation, listening, and speaking. The data obtained consisted of primary and secondary data. Primary data came from the subjects studied directly from the observation, listening, and speaking phases; secondary data came from people around the subjects studied. Jenar Azmya Dzulhijjah's speech was the subject of the study. The results of the study showed that children had acquired various types of speech, such as occurrence, consonant substitution, consonant deletion, and word truncation. There are speeches that can be pronounced correctly, correctly, and clearly, but there are also speeches that cannot be pronounced correctly.
A Case Study on Mindful Students: How Does Silent Sitting Practice in the Classroom Affect a Student's Academic Achievement?
Authors: Nyana Duta , Seneru Wistina , Saputri Vike Aprilianin Marwintaria , Burmansah Burm , Karsinah Karsinah , Avi Iin , Suryanadi Juni
Published: January 2025

This study explores the impact of silent sitting on students' academic achievement. The problems faced by students include lack of focus while studying, low active participation, and high levels of stress and anxiety. This study uses a descriptive quantitative approach with data processing techniques from the distribution of questionnaires containing 78 statement items using the Likert scale, involving 94 students as the population. Data analysis was carried out using simple linear regression with the help of SPSS 26.0. The study results showed a significant effect between silent sitting and students' academic achievement, with a t count of 10.761 and a t table of 1.661 (p = 0.000 ≤ 0.05), so Ho was rejected, and Ha was accepted. The R square value of 0.557 indicates that silent sitting affects academic achievement by 55.7%, while other factors influence 44.3%. Thus, it is concluded that silent sitting significantly affects students' academic achievement
Social Media Based Public Relations Management At Ma’had Aly Makkah Andong Boyolali
Authors: Putra Dutha Bahari Esa Tyas Kurtubi , Makruf Imam , Suharto Toto
Published: January 2025

Abstract: This study aims to analyze the implementation of social media-based public relations management at Ma'had 'Ali Makkah Andong Boyolali. This research is a qualitative research. The research was conducted at Ma'had Aly Makkah Andong Boyolali. The subjects of this research were the Head of Communication Section, Ustadz Pelaksana, and Mahasantri. Data collection was conducted using interview, observation and documentation methods, then using triangulation of sources and techniques to test the validity of the data. The data obtained were analyzed using interactive model analysis, namely through data reduction, data display, and verification. The results of the study showed (1) the planning of social media-based public relations was carried out well and in accordance with the planning stages, (2) the organization of social media-based public relations went quite well, SOPs in each section had been written to facilitate HR in carrying out their duties, (3) the implementation of social media-based public relations was carried out in stages and based on Islamic principles, (4) evaluation of social media-based public relations was carried out routinely and incidentally, (5) the success factor of social media-based public relations was with the management of interesting and consistent content to always upload, while the inhibiting factor of social media-based public relations was the lack of supporting multimedia equipment.
How Does a Teacher's Multicultural Leadership Affect the Students' Moderation? A Study of Junior High School Students
Authors: Medianto Medianto , Taridi Taridi , Susanto Susanto , Kundana Dedi , Ardianto Hendri , Avitasari Iin , Widiyanto Widiyanto
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to find the effect of multicultural leadership on religious moderation in student studies. The problems that occur are minority students feeling inferior, lack of awareness of the importance of respecting and accepting religious differences, lack of instillation of multicultural values and religious moderation, the presence of multi-ethnic students, the deepening of faith from students facilitated by the school, fair treatment of minority students. This study uses a quantitative approach, with the Random Sampling survey method, using a random system. A proportional allocation of 96 samples of 28 students was carried out to determine the sample size in each class. This study was conducted in a Private School with student respondents in the 2023/2024 academic year. The study showed a significant favorable influence between multicultural leadership and religious moderation with a t count of -17.559 and a significance value (p) of 0.001 <0.05. The simple regression analysis calculation results obtained the R Square value as 0.828. Multicultural leadership influences religious moderation by 82.8%, and other factors affect the remaining 17.2%.
A Study on the Effect of Teachers' Technological Teaching Styles on Students' Learning Behavior: A Case Study in Buddhist Sunday School
Authors: Murti Ventiana , Suryanadi Juni , Dharmatanna Sandjaja , Susanto Susanto , Luwiha Luwiha , Manggalani Rina , Gautama Sidartha Adi
Published: January 2025

Teaching style is the most essential factor in the implementation of learning. Learning is not merely a transfer of knowledge but also a process of shaping individuals to think critically, independently, and responsibly. This study aims to examine the influence of technological teaching styles of Buddhist Sunday school teachers on the learning behaviour of Sunday school students. The research was conducted at Buddhist Sunday schools in Pringsewu Regency. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method, and data processing is done using SPSS 16. The population in this study consists of 66 Buddhist Sunday school students. The results show that the technological teaching style of Buddhist Sunday school teachers has a positive and significant effect on the learning behaviour of Sunday school students in Pringsewu Regency. It emphasizes that the technological teaching style is one component in shaping students' learning behaviour; however, external factors also play an essential role in developing learning behaviour. The results of this study have a significant impact on the context of shaping students' learning behaviour. It can be applied in the Buddhist Sunday School environment in Pringsewu Regency, where students are encouraged to be more active and independent in the technology-based learning process.
Mindfulness in Learning: An Effect of Mindful Breathing Practice on the Learning Concentration of Students
Authors: Saputra Dharma Nata , Burmansah Burmansah , Pramono Eko , Susanto Susanto , Manggalani Rina , Astika Ria , Ismoyo Tejo
Published: January 2025

Mindful Breathing practice on the concentration of high school students' learning in 2024. The problems that occur in students are that there are still students who are busy and like to daydream, are less interested, and feel bored. In addition, feeling stiff, sleepy, crowded class conditions, and less favorite materials can also make it boring and difficult to concentrate, and hunger and gadgets (cell phones) can also interfere with their concentration in learning. Proportional Random Sampling technique. The study was conducted at a Senior High School with respondents from the school's students in the 2024/2025 academic year. The results of the study showed that there was a significant favorable influence between the practice of Mindful Breathing on Students' Learning Concentration with t_hitunga value of 5.212 and a significance value (p) of 0.000 <0.05. From the results of the simple regression analysis calculation, the R square determination value was found to be 0.190, which means that the practice of mindful breathing has a 19% effect on students' learning concentration, while other factors influence the remaining 81%.
Developing an Effective Team Work: The Effect of Collaborative Learning Strategies on Improving Team Work Abilities in Buddhist Sunday School
Authors: Setiyawati Depi , Widiyanto Widiyanto , Susanto Susanto , Astuti Widi , Sutawan Komang , Pramono Eko , Kundana Dedi , Ismoyo Tejo
Published: January 2025

The research puropse is to deepen the effect of collaborative learning strategies on improving students' cooperation skills in Buddhist Sunday schools. One of the problems faced in the learning process in Buddhist Sunday schools is that some students do not show good cooperation. In addition, some students are less interested in participating in these activities, which is caused by a dislike of the learning methods applied. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method. The study population consisted of 44 students, with a sample of 15 students taken through a sampling technique from another monastery. The study was conducted at a Buddhist Sunday school in a monastery, with respondents from students in the 2024/2025 academic year. The analysis results using simple linear regression indicate that collaborative learning strategies significantly affect cooperation among Buddhist Sunday school students. The research has limitation in the period of time to deepen the study and for the next researcher to develop the methodology on do the deeply observation with a case study method.
Plan de negocios para la producción y comercialización de alimento natural para perros en Lima metropolitana
Authors:   , Dominguez Reyes Gian Gilder , Grandez Ruiz Diego Alonso , Blanco Guadalupe Pedro Michael
Published: January 2025

La alimentación de los perros ha evolucionado significativamente en los últimos años, en gran parte debido a la creciente conciencia de los dueños sobre la importancia de proporcionar una dieta balanceada y nutritiva. Tradicionalmente, los alimentos para perros comerciales han estado compuestos de ingredientes procesados, conservantes y subproductos animales de calidad cuestionable. Sin embargo, el interés por alternativas más saludables y naturales han impulsado el desarrollo de productos alimenticios elaborados con ingredientes frescos y de alta calidad, que buscan imitar la dieta natural de los animales. Este trabajo de investigación se centra en la creación de un alimento para perros completamente natural, formulado a base de carne de pollo, pavo y espinaca. Estos tres ingredientes han sido seleccionados no solo por su valor nutricional, sino también por su fácil digestibilidad y la capacidad de proporcionar beneficios específicos para la salud canina. La carne de pollo es conocida por ser una fuente magra de proteínas de alta calidad, esencial para el desarrollo muscular y el mantenimiento de tejidos, mientras que el pavo aporta proteínas adicionales con un perfil bajo en grasas. Por otro lado, la espinaca es rica en fibra, vitaminas A, C y K, hierro, y antioxidantes, que contribuyen a la salud del sistema inmunológico, el fortalecimiento de huesos y el bienestar digestivo. El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar los beneficios nutricionales y funcionales de este alimento. Además, se explorarán las tendencias actuales del mercado de alimentos para mascotas, así como las preferencias de los consumidores, con el fin de determinar la viabilidad comercial de este producto en un sector que cada vez más demanda opciones naturales y libres de aditivos artificiales.
Comparación del resultado del movimiento dentario ortodóncico usando alineadores versus ortodoncia fija: una revisión de literatura
Authors:   , Malpartida Pacheco Monica Ivette
Published: January 2025

Los alineadores se han vuelto una alternativa de preferencia en cuanto al tratamiento de ortodoncia superando a la elección de brackets convencionales, debido a la comodidad y estética que representan los alineadores, sin embargo, sigue siendo un tema controversial el resultado final con este sistema. Esta revisión de literatura tuvo como propósito verificar la efectividad del tratamiento finalizado con alineadores versus con brackets convencionales. Materiales y métodos: Se efectuó una exploración minuciosa de las bases de datos de Pubmed, Science Direct, Scopus y Embase hasta la fecha del 05 de enero del 2023, se consideraron estudios comparativos que investigaron el resultado final de los alineadores en comparación con los brackets convencionales, 2 investigadores seleccionaron cuidad, osamente los artículos evaluados. Resultados: En este estudio se analizaron 8 artículos1, 3, 5, 6,, 17, 18, 19, 20, según los estudios, en la mayoría no encontraron diferencias significativas en la finalización entre los grupos evaluados. Adicional a ello, en tres artículos1, 5, 19, el tiempo de tratamiento fue más corto con alineadores; en otros tres3,6,20, se observó mayor rapidez con brackets convencionales, mientras que un artículo18 no reportó diferencias significativas, por lo que no se ha establecido si un sistema es superior en velocidad sobre el otro. Conclusiones: Tanto los alineadores como los brackets convencionales tuvieron buenos resultados para el tratamiento de ortodoncia. Aun cuando no hay diferencia, la gran mayoría, eran maloclusiones leves a moderadas por lo que no se puede generalizar para todas las maloclusiones.
Gestión de la cadena de suministro y potencial exportador en una empresa industrial de aceite, distrito del Cercado de Lima (Perú), 2023
Authors:   , Cervantes Aguilar Jesus Steven , Cubas Jimenez Ana Gabriela , Chavez Bazan Nataly Paola
Published: January 2025

El propósito fundamental de este estudio fue determinar la interrelación entre la gestión de la cadena de suministro y potencial exportador en una empresa industrial de aceite, distrito del Cercado de Lima (Perú), 2023. En esta pesquisa, se recurrió a un abordaje metodológico de enfoque cuantitativo, estructurando un diseño no experimental de índole transeccional y perfil correlacional-causal. La muestra definida fue de índole no probabilística del tipo censo, sirviéndose de la herramienta de la encuesta como mecanismo de recopilación de la data, habiéndose empleado como instrumento un cuestionario estructurado con una escala de valoración Likert. Los datos recopilados demostraron que se verificaba la hipótesis alterna, lo que sugiere la presencia de una asociación relevante entre los constructos considerados, algo que se constató mediante el índice de correlación de Pearson de 0.972. A la postre, se avaló que existió una vinculación positiva muy alta y significativa entre la gestión de la cadena de suministro y potencial exportador en la compañía materia de análisis. Similarmente, existió una conexión positiva alta y significativa entre el potencial exportador y las dimensiones de gestión de la cadena de suministro: alianzas comerciales, gestión de stock y gestión de la demanda.
Near-Real-Time Detection of Frac Hits Using Machine Learning
Authors: Spivey B. J. , Karantinos E. , Kaus J. E. , Adair N. L. , Abernathy B. J. , Brito R. M.
Published: January 2025

Frac hits from child wells often reduce parent well oil and gas production. This reduced production may motivate mitigation actions to restore original parent well production rates, thereby minimizing deferred or lost volumes. For unconventional production engineers managing tens or hundreds of wells, manually detecting frac hits and mitigating production losses in the early stages is challenging. This work presents an automated near-real-time frac hit detection system for parent wells, providing engineers with early knowledge of frac hits and analysis to identify profitable production recovery mitigations.

The frac hit detection system resides in the cloud and runs a time-series machine learning (ML) model and knowledge-based expert system daily to detect frac hits on gas lift wells using well measurement data. The ML model relies on downhole and surface well measurements to detect significant pressure and temperature changes while rejecting well shut-in events and other operational changes. The expert system verifies that parent well frac hits detected by the ML model correspond in time with active hydraulic fracturing from nearby child wells. The expert system queries well GIS databases and fracturing treatment databases to confirm the presence of child well hydraulic fracturing.

The frac hit detection system creates a frac hit event summary and calculates daily frac hit deferred volumes. The frac hit event summary includes details on the detected frac hit well, frac hit start time, delta downhole pressure (DHP) and delta downhole temperature (DHT) induced by frac hit, artificial lift method during the frac hit, well age, parent well formation, and parent-child distance. The event summary and daily frac hit deferred volumes are deployed using a cloud-based visualization platform, enabling production engineers to analyze the benefit of frac hit mitigation on parent wells. A case study on two well pads in Midland Basin demonstrates that the frac hit detection system has a high rate of true positives. This work finally highlights the impact of formation on recovery time and deferred volumes in Midland Basin based on frac hit event summary data from dozens of wells.
Flowback Analysis for Propped-Fracture Evaluation in Low-Permeability Reservoirs
Authors: Silva-Escalante C. F. , Martinez-Perez B. R.
Published: January 2025

In this work is presented a flowing-fracture properties characterization through the analysis of the production data in the Flowback period with a model based on fracture properties for history matching over the modified Fetkovich and Wattenbarger type-curves and for straight-line analysis after the flow regime identification by the use of specialized diagnostic plot for two field cases: a mono-stage fracturing vertical well from tight sands representative of Burgos Basin, and a multi-stage fracturing horizontal well from shale representative of Vaca Muerta formation. Due to the high pressure and rate variation, the geometry and conductivity of flowing-fracture properties are obtained by data matching for both constant rate/bottom-hole pressure. A comparison of these flowing-fracture properties with the expected values from fracture design and effective-fracture properties (from PTA or for early oil production) to evaluate the effectiveness of fracturing operation is made.

The results in this work show a diminished properties of flowing-fracture media for both field cases compared to the expected values from fracture design, but their values are higher than the effective-fracture properties determined from PTA and for early oil production for respectively cases. Evaluation process with the straight-line analysis (based on proposed fracture-based flow model) reaches a high precision of results for both wells in this study. The results aid to identify the effectiveness of the expected results from fracture operation and to identify the water blockage affectation on the fracture geometry and conductivity from the generated fracture once the flowback period is ended.
Gathering Useful Data from Crush Testing: Estimation of Proppant Permeability Using a Modified Kozeny-Carman Equation
Authors: Drebon Bryan , Duenckel R. J. , Sutter Kimberly
Published: January 2025

The objective of this work is to estimate proppant pack permeability from crush data utilizing a revised Kozeny-Carman equation. The proposed theoretical model, developed from experimental data, seeks to provide a reliable method for evaluating and selecting proppants.

Permeability data from various samples was analyzed focusing on porosity, particle diameter, and sphericity of the grains. The data was fitted to the Kozeny-Carman equation, relating pressure drop for laminar flow through a packed bed, by determining a new empirical Kozeny constant, c. Crush tests were conducted focusing on the porosity and the median particle diameter of the pack rather than the percentage of fines generated at the given stress levels. By employing the revised Kozeny-Carman model, the crush data gathered can be used to develop a predictive model for the permeability of a proppant pack at closure stress.

A revised Kozeny constant, c, was derived empirically and determined to be significantly lower than that found in in the Kozeny-Carman equation of 180. It was observed that stress distribution within the proppant pack is dependent on the pack width, with different crush behavior noted for a 2lb/ft2 and 4lb/ft2 loadings. More specifically, the 4lb/ft2 loading would require more stress to see the median particle diameter reduction observed in the conductivity testing. During the crush testing, porosity reduction reached the desired value for application of the modified Kozeny-Carman equation within one hour. The revised Kozeny-Carman model was successfully utilized to predict permeability from the crush procedure, when compared to pack permeability at 50 hours from an API 19D conductivity test. Estimates of grain sphericity and grain shape are necessary to calculate permeability accurately for the modified Kozeny-Carman equation. These findings underscore the model’s effectiveness in predicting permeability under the specified conditions.

This novel approach to crush testing offers practicing engineers a useful method to estimating proppant pack permeability. Current crush methods recently introduced to the industry fail to provide useful data that an engineer can use reliably for proppant selection.
Improving the Connectivity Between Injection and Production Wells in Enhanced Geothermal Systems Using Fiber Optic Data
Authors: Jurick Dana , Reynolds Alan , Sharma Mukul M.
Published: January 2025

Enhanced geothermal systems must have excellent connectivity between injection and production wells to effectively circulate and heat fluids for efficient energy recovery. This study demonstrates the use of fiber optic data to improve injection-production well connectivity in the field.

We cemented a high temperature optical fiber bundle in the production well at the Forge enhanced geothermal site. Stimulation treatments from the injection well (16A) were monitored at the production well (16B) and DTS and Rayleigh Frequency Shift Distributed Strain Sensing data were collected. This data was analyzed to determine the locations of the Fracture Driven Interactions ("frac hits") at the cased (but sealed) production well (16B). The location and design of perforation clusters in the production well were specified based on this analysis. Perforating and fracturing the production well using this strategy resulted in fractures that connected well with the fractures from the injection well as tested by a post hydraulic fracturing, cross well circulation tests.

Strain change and strain change rate data is presented, clearly showing the location of fractures propagating from the injection well to the production well. The fracture geometry was expected to be potentially complex due to natural fractures and fracture turning caused by stress shadow effects. The fiber optic strain data allowed us to identify, in real time, the most likely location of these fractures in the vicinity of the production well. This in turn allowed us to select not only locations of perforation clusters in the production well, but also adjustment of individual cluster spacing that would initiate fractures most likely to intersect the injection well fractures. These engineered completion designs (used in the production well) differ substantially (in perforation location and design) from the geometric completions used in the injection well. Fluid circulation tests run after both wells were stimulated confirmed good inter-well connectivity. This level of success could not have been achieved without the use of the fiber optic strain data used to design the completions in the production well.

We have developed and demonstrated in the field a reliable method to ensure good connectivity between fractures initiated at injection and production wells in enhanced geothermal systems. This connectivity is essential to the success of EGS, and these results demonstrate a breakthrough in EGS design processes and procedures.
Evaluating the Effect of Input Model Uncertainties on Hydraulic Fracture Modeling and Pressure History Matching
Authors: Sarmah A. , Nasrabadi H. , Suarez-Rivera R.
Published: January 2025

This study assesses the impact of input data uncertainties on hydraulic fracture simulations, pressure history matching, and prediction accuracy, using the publicly available GTI Hydraulic Fracturing Test Site 2 (HFTS-2) dataset. The goal is to discuss the consequences of uncertainties from measured and calculated variables on model calibrations, predictions, and forecasting. Using the HFTS-2 data, rock properties were analyzed from lab measurements and integrated with field petrophysical logs. Statistical clustering analysis of the field logs was employed to identify rock classes with similar bulk log responses, similar texture and composition, and potentially similar rock properties. Two models with 3 and 5 rock classes were selected for evaluation, and these were used to develop rock property profiles to create one-dimensional Mechanical Earth Models (1D-MEM) for hydraulic fracturing. The models assume laterally flat and homogeneous beds. The resulting stress profiles were calibrated to 3 existing Diagnostic Fracture Injection Tests (DFIT). Despite the HFTS-2's extensive dataset, variations in 1D-MEMs due to rock classification differences and uncertainties in reservoir pressure led to different in-situ stress models and consequently different fracture geometries, pressure matching adjustments, and production forecasts. The study highlights that traditional models often overlook the variability within rock properties and stress profiles, thereby limiting the precision of simulation outcomes. Understanding the uncertainties of the input data and the corresponding uncertainties of 1D-MEM and stress profiles is significant for forecasting and field planning. The modeling effort should be transparent regarding the physical processes that are represented in the model, the existing uncertainties in the input data, as well as the consequent uncertainties in the results. These changes will result in better interpretation of the model predictions and better field results.
Simulation-Driven Operational Value Optimization Within Design Constraints: A Case Study in Applying Dynamic Stage Lengths at Execution Pace
Authors: Eidson B. , Lutey J. , Christensen A. , Hervo S. , Macklon F.
Published: January 2025

Execution optimization for completions operations is often under-addressed. While asset development optimization (focusing on parameters that impact production such as well spacing, lateral lengths, and macro stage design) is essential in the maximization of well performance and economics, further optimization opportunities remain. These opportunities are typically unrealized due to the operational demands and traditional planning software programs’ lack of focus on completions process simulation and cost estimation. While ensuring development requirements are not violated, this work uniquely focuses on execution optimization. Novel software, distinctively capable of empowering overextended, operations-focused engineers to perform optimizations previously impractical to perform. Quick analyses with high-level assumptions have been transformed into quick analyses with extensive detail and accuracy. Specifically, this paper documents a reproducible workflow for increasing stage length (by holding cluster spacing constant and increasing clusters per stage) throughout a lateral while maintaining development constraints. Representative completions cycle time and cost reductions are quantified. It is found that cycle time and cost reductions of 6.3% and 2.3% per well can be realized.
Permian Ultra-Long Lateral Drillout and Intervention Using Hydraulic Completion Units
Authors: Henson J. , Kamps E. J. , Vinasco S. , Tourigny M. , O’Brien M. , Frantz J. , Gonzales J.
Published: January 2025

Oil and gas companies and the service sector continue to push the limits of technology. Operators are now drilling and completing 4-mile laterals in the Permian Basin and using Hydraulic Completion Units (HCU's) to complete and intervene in these ultra long laterals. This case study will present ExxonMobil and Deep Well Services’ preparation, execution and lessons learned from milling frac plugs and intervention operations on a set of 8 ultra-long lateral wells in the Permian Basin.
Obtaining Connectivity and Conductivity of Fractures During Geothermal Fluid Circulation Shut-In from Hydro-Thermo-Geomechanical Modeling of Distributed Strain Data
Authors: Ou Yuhao , Liu Qianjun , Sharma Mukul
Published: January 2025

Good inter-well connectivity and conductivity are crucial to the success of any enhanced geothermal system (EGS). The primary objective of this paper is to gain insights into the connectivity and conductivity of the hydraulic fracture network created in EGS wells. To accomplish this objective, we quantitatively modeled and interpreted distributed strain data from fiber that we installed in a geothermal well at the Utah FORGE site. A fully 3-D thermo-geomechanical model was modified to simulate changes in wellbore strain during circulation and shut-in periods after EGS fluid circulation. The model incorporates full coupling of reservoir rock deformation with non-isothermal flow within the reservoir, fracture, and wellbore. Changes in strain are simulated and compared with actual distributed fiber strain measurements during fluid circulation and shut-in periods. By integrating the model results with the data, we are able to interpret the fiber data to characterize the fracture conductivity and stimulated reservoir volume (SRV).

Field wellhead pressure data sets from the injector and producer are used to constrain the EGS circulation simulations. The distributed strain change data acquired during EGS shut-in operations can be classified into two main categories: normal post-circulation shut-in and injection-only shut-in. The simulation results align well with the distributed strain change data measured in the production well during the FORGE July 2023 circulation test. Clear tensional strain change signals indicate the locations of intersecting hydraulic fractures. When injection stops, pressure recharge in the vicinity of the producer increases the near-wellbore tensional strain, which is monitored by fiber optic measurements. Sensitivity analysis provides insights into how these cumulative strain change signals during EGS shut-in are affected by changes in fracture and formation characteristics. Differences in distributed strain change data obtained under the two proposed shut-in scenarios are compared and analyzed, providing guidance on how fiber optic strain change monitoring should be conducted for better evaluation of the circulation system. This paper presents, for the first time, an integration of distributed strain change data during post-circulation shut-in with a thermo-geomechanical model to gain insights into the connectivity and conductivity of the fracture network connecting injection and production wells.