Damage from predation on the reindeer husbandry area in Finland during the years 1976-83
Authors: Nieminen Mauri , Leppäluoto Juhani 
Published: February 2013

<p>During the years 1976-1983 predators killed a total of 8900 reindeer in Finland. The highest numbers of reindeer killed by predators were found in the marked areas of Inari, Kuusamo and Sodankyla and in the reindeer herding areas of Kasivarsi (a total of 873 reindeer), Kemi-Sompio (731), Lappi (658) and northern Salla (632). With the exception of the Kasivarsi reindeer herding area, predator damage was more or less concentrated on the reindeer herding areas on the eastern border. During 1977- 1982 the majority of reindeer killed by predators were hinds (49,6%) and calves (41,0%). Predators killed most reindeer in April-June. In May and June the majority of reindeer killed by predators were calves. During 1977-83 most reindeer were killed by wolves (27,6%). wolverine (25,4%), bear (24,8%) and eagles (14,5%). Wolves killed reindeer mainly in the autumn and early winter during the soft snow period. Wolverine and lynx killed reindeer in February-April in crusted snow conditions. Bears killed most reindeer during the calving period in May-June and reindeer killed by eagles were found in plenty in spring and summer.</p><p>Petovahingot Suomen poronhoitoalueella vuosina 1976-83.</p><p>Abstract in Finnish / Yhteenveto: Vuosina 1976-83 pedot tappoivat Suomessa yhteens&aring; 8 900 poroa. Eniten petojen tappamia poroja l&ocirc;ytyin Inarin, Kuusamon ja Sodankyl&aring;n merkkipiireiss&aring; sek&aring; K&aring;sivarren (yhteens&aring; 873 poroa), Kemin-Sompion (731), Lapin (685), ja Sallan pohjoisen (632) paliskunnissa. K&aring;sivarren paliskuntaa lukuunottamatta petovahingot keskittyiv&aring;t l&aring;hinn&aring; it&aring;rajan paliskuntiin. Vuosina 1977-82 petojen tappamista poroista suurin osa oli vaatimia (49,6%) ja vasoja (41,0%). Eniten pedot tappoivat poroja huhti - kes&aring;kuun aikana. Tuoko - ja kes&aring;kuussa suurin osa petojen tappamista poroista oli vasoja. Vuosina 1977-83 eniten poroja tappoivat susi (27,6%), ahma (25,4%), karhu (24,8%) ja kokta (14,5%). Sudet tappoivat poroja p&aring;&aring;asiassa syksyll&aring; ja alkutalvella pehme&aring;n lumen aikana. Ahma ja ilves tappoivat poroja helmi - huhtikuun hankikeleill&aring;. Karhu tappoi eniten poroja vasonta-aikana touko - kes&aring;kuussa, ja kotkan tappamia poroja l&ocirc;ytyi runsaasti kev&aring;&aring;ll&aring; ja kes&aring;ll&aring;.</p><p>Rovdjurskadorna inom Finlands rensk&ouml;tselomr&aring;de under &aring;ren 1976-83.</p><p>Abstract in Swedish / Sammandrag: Under &aring;ren 1976-83 d&ocirc;dades i Finland 8900 renar av rovdjur. Flest rovdjursrivna renar p&aring;tr&aring;ffades inom Enares, Kuusamos och Sodankyl&aring;s m&agrave;rkesdistrikt samt inom K&agrave;sivarsis (sammanlagt 873 renar), Kemin-Sompios (731), Lappis (685) och Salla pohjoinens (632) renbeteslag. F&ocirc;rutom til K&agrave;sivarsis renbeteslag koncentrerades rovdjursskadorna, framst till renbeteslagen vid ostgr&aring;nsen. Under &aring;ren 1977-82 var st&ocirc;rsta delen av de rovdjursrivna renarna vajor (49,6%) och kalvar (41,0%). Flest renar d&ocirc;dades av rovdjur under april-juni. Under maj-juni var st&ocirc;rsta delen av de rovdjursrivna renar kalvar. Under &aring;ren 1977-83 d&ocirc;dades flest renar av varg (27,6%), jarv (25,4%) bj&ocirc;rn (24,8%) och orn (14,5%). Vargar d&ocirc;dade renar huvudsakligen p&aring; hosten och i b&ocirc;rjan av vintern, d&aring; sn&ocirc;n var som losast. Skadorna v&aring;llade av jarv och lo koncentrade sig framst till skarf&ocirc;ret i februari-april. Bj&ocirc;rnen d&ocirc;dade flest renar under kalvningstiden i maj-juni, medan ganska stort antal av &ocirc;rn d&ocirc;dade renar p&aring;tr&aring;ffades under v&aring;ren och sommaren.</p>