bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Idiopathic Eosinophilic Myocarditis Presenting with Features of an Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Tran Nam , Kwok Chun Shing , Bennett Sadie , Ratib Karim , Heatlie Grant , Phan Thanh
Published: January 2020

A 62-year-old female was admitted with severe left-sided chest pain, nausea and pre-syncope. She had widespread T wave inversion on ECG and elevated troponins and was suspected to have an acute coronary syndrome event. Invasive coronary angiogram revealed normal coronary anatomy with no flow-limiting lesions. Echocardiography and cardiac MRI revealed impaired left ventricular (LV) systolic impairment, a mobile LV apical thrombus and a moderate global pericardial effusion with no significant compromise. Full blood count analysis indicated the patient to have significant eosinophilia, and the patient was diagnosed with idiopathic eosinophilic myocarditis. She was commenced on Prednisolone and Apixaban, and eosinophil levels returned to normal after 10 days of steroids. Over the course of 3 months, the patient had a complete recovery of her LV function and resolution of the LV thrombus. This case highlights a rare, reversible case of idiopathic eosinophilic myocarditis which may present similar to acute coronary syndrome.
Liraglutide and sitagliptin counter beta- to alpha-cell transdifferentiation in diabetes
Authors: Tanday Neil , Flatt Peter R , Irwin Nigel , Moffett R Charlotte
Published: January 2020

Transdifferentiation of beta- to alpha-cells has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetes. To investigate the impact of contrasting aetiologies of beta-cell stress, as well as clinically approved incretin therapies on this process, lineage tracing of beta-cells in transgenic Ins1
Cre/+/Rosa26-eYFP mice was investigated. Diabetes-like syndromes were induced by streptozotocin (STZ), high fat feeding (HFF) or hydrocortisone (HC), and effects of treatment with liraglutide or sitagliptin were investigated. Mice developed the characteristic metabolic features associated with beta-cell destruction or development of insulin resistance. Liraglutide was effective in preventing weight gain in HFF mice, with both treatments decreasing energy intake in STZ and HC mice. Treatment intervention also significantly reduced blood glucose levels in STZ and HC mice, as well as increasing either plasma or pancreatic insulin while decreasing circulating or pancreatic glucagon in all models. The recognised changes in pancreatic morphology induced by STZ, HFF or HC were partially, or fully, reversed by liraglutide and sitagliptin, and related to advantageous effects on alpha- and beta-cell growth and survival. More interestingly, induction of diabetes-like phenotype, regardless of pathogenesis, led to increased numbers of beta-cells losing their identity, as well as decreased expression of Pdx1 within beta-cells. Both treatment interventions, and especially liraglutide, countered detrimental islet cell transitioning effects in STZ and HFF mice. Only liraglutide imparted benefits on beta- to alpha-cell transdifferentiation in HC mice. These data demonstrate that beta- to alpha-cell transdifferentiation is a common consequence of beta-cell destruction or insulin resistance and that clinically approved incretin-based drugs effectively limit this.
Absence of GIP secretion alleviates age-related obesity and insulin resistance
Authors: Kanemaru Yoshinori , Harada Norio , Shimazu-Kuwahara Satoko , Yamane Shunsuke , Ikeguchi Eri , Murata Yuki , Kiyobayashi Sakura , Hatoko Tomonobu , Inagaki Nobuya
Published: January 2020

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is an incretin secreted from enteroendocine K cells after nutrient ingestion. Fat strongly induces GIP secretion, and GIP hypersecretion is involved in high-fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. Aging also induces GIP hypersecretion, but its effect on body weight gain and insulin sensitivity remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effect of GIP on age-related body weight gain and insulin resistance using GIP-knockout homozygous (GIP−/−) and heterozygous (GIP+/−) mice, which have entirely absent and 50% reduced GIP secretion compared to wild-type (WT) mice, respectively. Under 12% fat-containing normal diet feeding condition, body weight was significantly lower in GIP−/− mice compared to that in WT and GIP+/− mice from 38 weeks of age, while there was no significant difference between WT and GIP+/− mice. Visceral and s.c. fat mass were also significantly lower in GIP−/− mice compared to those in WT and GIP+/− mice. During oral glucose tolerance test, blood glucose levels did not differ among the three groups. Insulin levels were significantly lower in GIP−/− mice than those in WT and GIP+/− mice. During insulin tolerance test, GIP−/− mice showed higher insulin sensitivity than that of WT and GIP+/− mice. Adiponectin mRNA levels were increased and leptin mRNA levels tended to be decreased in adipose tissue of GIP−/− mice. These results demonstrate that GIP is involved in age-related obesity and insulin resistance and that inhibition of GIP secretion alleviates age-related fat mass gain and insulin resistance under carbohydrate-based diet feeding condition.
What can seasonal models teach us about energy balance?
Authors: Diedrich Victoria , Haugg Elena , Dreier Carola , Herwig Annika
Published: January 2020

Torpid states are used by many endotherms to save energy during winter. During torpor, metabolic rate is downregulated to fractions of resting metabolic rate and often associated with a severe drop in body temperature that challenges mammalian physiology. Understanding the mechanisms regulating this extreme depression of metabolism bears enormous potential for biomedical research. Torpor behavior has been extensively studied in the Djungarian hamster, also known as Siberian hamster. It is dependent on many preparatory adaptations of physiological and endocrine systems that are likely to be integrated by the hypothalamus eventually controlling metabolism. Although substantial knowledge exists about prerequisites and characteristics of torpor in this species, the cascade of events and their mechanisms of action are not well understood. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge about mechanisms of metabolic regulation in the Djungarian hamster focusing on the potential roles of thyroid hormone and glucose metabolism.
Evaluación cualitativa de indicadores de sostenibilidad socioambiental para su selección y aplicación en ciudades costarricenses
Authors: Romero-Vargas Marilyn , Bermúdez-Roja Tania , Duque-Gutiérrez Maritza
Published: January 2020

Desde el modelo de gestión del desarrollo sostenible, las ciudades deben procurar unas relaciones de equilibrio entre los recursos naturales y el desarrollo económico y social, de tal forma que las condiciones ambientales dentro y fuera de estos espacios urbanos no alcancen patrones y condiciones no deseadas. Este estudio surge de la necesidad de contar con un sistema de seguimiento de la sostenibilidad socioambiental de las ciudades por medio de criterios e indicadores. Con la participación de expertos nacionales se generó una lista 327 indicadores, los cuales fueron reagrupados según sus características en 82 indicadores distribuidos en 9 criterios: agua, energía, fauna, áreas verdes urbanas, suelo, gestión ambiental, manejo de residuos sólidos y líquidos, ordenamiento del territorio y sociedad & gobernanza. Por medio de revisión bibliográfica, solo 43 indicadores contaron con información completa y operativa para ser evaluados. Mediante taller de expertos nacionales se evalúo la factibilidad teórica de ser aplicados. El resultado final es un compendio de 19 indicadores socioambientales, que cumplen con al menos el 80 % de pertinencia, relevancia, robustez y disponibilidad de datos. Sin embargo, los expertos mencionaron que el costo, la escala y la calidad son variables que deben ser utilizadas para seleccionar, adaptar o construir indicadores que permitan el seguimiento de la sostenibilidad socioambiental para ciudades de Costa Rica.
Metodología para la determinación del crecimiento de la mancha urbana en las capitales de la región centroamericana (1975-1995-2014)
Authors: Vargas-Bolaños Christian , Orozco-Montoya Ricardo , Vargas-Hernández Annie , Aguilar-Arias Jairo
Published: January 2020

Este trabajo presenta la implementación de una metodología para la determinación del crecimiento de la mancha urbana de las ciudades capitales de la Región Centroamericana (RC), en el periodo 1975-1995-2014. El objetivo de la investigación es generar la mancha urbana de las ciudades capitales centroamericanas de los años de estudio mediante una metodología con sensores remotos y la implementación de diversas técnicas para el procesamiento y post-procesamiento de las imágenes satelitales de Landsat; además, se usaron técnicas en fotointerpretación, clasificación y digitalización con Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG), determinando las manchas urbanas de cada país de la región para el periodo de estudio, lo que funciona como línea base para un análisis comparativo de cada ciudad capital utilizando elementos geográficos, políticos y algunos estudios afines al tema, siendo esta investigación un insumo para futuros estudios sobre análisis y planificación urbana, así como para el ordenamiento del territorio.
CITIES, FORTRESSES, GARRISONS. FORTIFICATION AND DEFENSE STRATEGIES IN THE COSSACK HETMANATE IN THE «MILITARIY REVOLUTION» PERIOD
Authors: Sokyrko Oleksii
Published: January 2020

Changes in the Early Modern military technologies have fundamentally affected the transformation in urban space: fortifications, planning, lifestyle of the inhabitants. At the same time, the development of new defence fortresses and the modernization of the old ones, the providing it by garrisons and artillery have become important elements of state policy. All these innovations were part of the «military revolution» in Europe. Its features in this had the important place in Eastern European states among them and the Cossack Hetmanate.The theatre of military operations on which the main enemy for a long time were the Tatars had led to the fact that most fortifications were wood-earthen.However, the development of firearms gradually forced to abandon brick and wooden fortifications of the frontal type. They were supplemented with elements of Western European fortification (bastions and ravelins), which increased the firepower of the fortress and its defensive capacity.At the same time, the Hetmanate did not have sufficient resources for largescale reconstructions of fortresses and the maintenance of permanent garrisons in them. The combination of these factors led to the fact that in the XVIII century fortification building in the Cossack Hetmanate passed into the hands of Russia and began to be used in the interests of the Empire.
HYGIENIC PERIODICALS AND THE SHAPING OF DISCOURSE OF PUBLIC HEALTH IN LVIV AT THE BEGINNING OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY
Authors: Trach Vira
Published: January 2020

During the nineteenth century socio-political and economic transformations, as well as scientific discoveries, changed views on health and its value. Also,the concept of public health, which was no longer concentrated on the individual but on a group of people, was included in the sphere of interest of thebroader strata of society in the Central and Eastern Europe. The hygienic movement occupied an important modernizing segment in a wide range ofsocial movement and had an influence on changes in urban space during the nineteenth and the twentieth centuries. Cleanliness and health became signsof modern city and civilization.More noticeable public interest to hygienic ideas in Lviv emerged in the late nineteenth-early twentieth century. One of the manifestations of this was the emergence of hygienic periodicals that focused on issues of public health issues, and especially hygiene, covered almost all areas of everyday life – hygieneof clothing, nutrition, school an urban hygiene etc. At the first time, such journal was published in Lviv during 1872. Four periodicals dedicated to hygiene were published in the city in the period between 1902 and 1914. The publishing of all these periodicals was a non-profit enterprise, and editors were constantly looking for financial resources to ensure their existence.In the first place, the initiative of publishing belonged to Ukrainian and Polish doctors. Lviv hygienic periodicals were published in Polish and Ukrainian and were addressed to the respective national communities. They discussed the same issues, spread the same ideas, but focused mostly on Polish or Ukrainian readers, reflected the socio-political ideas of that time and integrated the concept of health into the competitive ideas of national development.
Struktur Sosial Politik Kerajaan Loloda di Antara Minoritas Islam dan Mayoritas Kristen Abad Xvii-Xx
Authors: Rahman Abd.
Published: January 2020

Abstrak Loloda adalah sebuah kata atau konsep yang terkait dengan suatu tempat, bahasa, etnik, mitologi, masyarakat, kerajaan, dan agama, dengan sejarah panjang yang masih kabur. Loloda secara bahasa adalah bahasa orang-orang Loloda, etnik adalah suku bangsa Loloda, mitologi adalah mitos asal mula keberadaan orang dan raja-raja yang pernah menjdi penguasa tertinggi di kerajaan Loloda yang tidak terlepas dari tradisi-tradisi lokal masyarakatnya. Loloda adalah suatu komunitas masyarakat yang telah sejak berabad-berabad yang lalu mendiami sebuah wilayah geografis yang luas. Loloda adalah salah satu kerajaan yang berada di kawasan Laut dan Kepulauan Maluku bagian utara yang cenderung belum dikenalLoloda dan Moro, oleh kebanyakan ahli dianggap adalah dua kerajaan yang sejauh ini belum diketahui kapan terbentuknya. Namun untuk Loloda sendiri menurut beberapa tradisi lokal mengatakan bahwa secara politis kerajaan ini sudah ada sejak tahun 1220 (abad ke-13), sedangkan Moloku Kie Rahayang terbentuk berdasarkan perjanjian Moti/Traktat Moti dan terkonfigurasi pula ke dalam Motir Staten Verbond1322-1343, secara bersamaan baru muncul pada 1320-an (abad ke-14).Sejak abad ke-15 (1486)---Loloda is a word or concept associated with a place, language, ethnic, mythology, society, empire, and religion, with a long history that is still vague. Loloda in the language is the language of the people Loloda, ethnic tribes are Loloda, mythology is the mythical origin of the existence of people and the kings that ever menjdi highest ruler in the kingdom Loloda which is inseparable from the traditions of local communities. Loloda is a community of people who have since many centuries ago inhabited a vast geographical area. Loloda is one of the kingdom which is in the Mediterranean region and northern Maluku Islands which tend not dikenalLoloda and Moro, by most experts consider these two kingdoms which so far is not yet known when the formation. But for Loloda itself according to some local traditions say that politically this kingdom has existed since 1220 (the 13th century), while Kie Rahayang Moloku formed by Moti agreement / treaty Moti and configured into the inner Motir Staten Verbond1322-1343, simultaneously emerged in the late 1320s (the 14th century) .Since the 15th century (1486)
Suara-Suara Islam dalam Surat Kabar dan Majalah Terbitan Awal Abad 20 di Minangkabau
Authors: Sunarti Sastri
Published: January 2020

Abstrak Tulisan ini menjelaskan tentang perkembangan pers di Sumatera seperti Palembang, Medan, Sibolga, Padang, dan Kota Raja di Aceh pada paruh kedua abad ke-19. Namun demikian, tulisan ini fokus pada daerah Padang yang menjadi pusat perniagaan yang dikelola oleh orang Eropa (terutama Belanda) dan Tionghoa. Selanjutnya, pada awal abad ke-20, para pengusaha pribumi mulai terlibat dalam bidang percetakan dan penerbitan, seperti surat kabar Alam Minangkerbau (1904), Perserikatan Orang Alam Minangkerbau (OAM) tahun 1911 milik orang pribumi asal Minangkabau. Mulai saat itu usaha di bidang percetakan dan penerbitan semakin berkembang di Sumatra. Usaha ini pun hingga memunculkan berbagai karakter dan kepentingan masyarakat pribumi terutama tentang suara-suara kelompok atau organisasi yang memperjuangkan nasib masyarakat miskin, tertindas, maupun yang kurang mendapatkan pengajaran. Sampai menjelang pertengahan abad ke-20 suara-suara masyarakat semakin tumbuh dan direpresentasikan melalui berbagai media cetak. Banyak yang mengusung tentang pentingnya pendidikan baik umum maupun agama di samping tentang periklanan dari perusahaan-perusahaan perkebunan. Maka dari perkembangan pers inilah tidak sedikit yang mengawali suara nasionalisme bangsa dari berbagai wilayah di Indonesia termasuk dari Sumatera. ---Abstract This article explains about the development of press in Sumatera, such as Palembang, Medan, Sibloga, Padang, and Kota Raja in Aceh in the second half of 19th Century. However, it focuses on Padang as the center of commerce run by European (especially Dutch), and Chinese. In addition, in the beginning of 20th Century, the indigenous petty bourgeoisie involved in printing and publishing sector, such as Alam Minangkerbau newspaper (1904), Perserikatan Orang Alam Minangkerbau (OAM) in 1911 owned by the local people from Minangkabau. Since then, printing and publishing business had been growing in Sumatera. The business brought various characteristics and also local people interests, especially the voices of groups or organization that fought for the poor, the oppressed people, and the ones who were lack of education access. Until the mid of 20th century, the voices of the people was growing and represented through variety of printed media. Many of them carried on the importance of education, both general and religious education, as well as advertising and plantation companies. This development of press brought the voice of nationalism from various region, including Sumatra.
Ajaran Islam dalam Naskah-Naskah Singir Koleksi Fsui Sebagai Bentuk Persinggungan Budaya Islam-Jawa: Kajian Intertekstualitas
Authors: Rahmawati Salfia
Published: January 2020

Abstrak Singir merupakan salah satu genre sastra Jawa berbentuk puisi tradisional sebagai turunan dari syair (dalam ranah kesusastraan Melayu) atau syi'r (dalam ranah kesusastraan Parsi-Arab). Sebagai sastra pesantren, singir mengandungajaran-ajaran seperti ilmu tauhid, fiqih, tarikh, akhlaq, dan ajaran Islam lainnya yang ditulis dengan aksara pegon (aksara Arab bahasa Jawa). Tradisi pembacaan singir dilakukan dengan cara ditembangkan sebagaimana tradisi kesusastraan Jawa berbentuk macapat. Meskipun jumlah populasinya tergolong banyak, namun pembicaraan tentang singir sebagai bagian dari khazanah kesusastraan Jawa masih minim. Penelitian ini berupaya untuk mengkaji 9 naskah singir koleksi Fakultas Ilmu Pengetahuan Budaya Universitas Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif-deskriptif dan studi literatur. Naskah-naskah dalam penelitian ini digambarkan dan dijelaskan dari segi isi. Selain itu, naskah juga dijelaskan menggunakan kajian intertekstualitas yang menghubungkan singir dengan ayat-ayat Qur’an dan Hadits sebagai sumber penulisan singir. Cara ini telah dilakukan sebagai metode pengajaran nilai-nilai Islam di wilayah pesantren.---Abstract Singir is one of the literary genres of Javanese traditional form of poetry as an adoption from ‘syair’ (in the literature of Malay) or ‘syi'r’ (in the literature of Parsi-Arabic).As a pesantren literature, singir contains the Islamic values such as tauhid, fiqih, tarikh, akhlaq and other Islamic teachings written with pegon characters (Arabic script using Javanese language). It is taught by singing (as macapat tradition in the other Javanese traditional form of poetry). Although the population is quite a lot, but the discussion and the research on singir as part of the literature of Java is still rare. In this study, the authors tried to explore 9 singir manuscripts of Faculty of Humanities of University of Indonesia’s collection.This research uses qualitative-descriptive method and literature study. These manuscripts are described and explained its contents. Furthermore, these manuscriptsare also explained using intertextual study which is related to the Qur'an and Hadith as a source of singir writing. The method has been appliedto teach an Islamic values in pesantren area.
Masjid pada Masyarakat Adat di Jawa Barat
Authors: Hermawan Iwan
Published: January 2020

Abstrak Keberadaan Masjid penting bagi umat Islam, fungsinya tidak hanya terbatas sebagai tempat beribadah namun juga berfungsi sosial. Masyarakat Adat di Jawa Barat tidak semuanya menganut kepercayaan leluhur, di antara mereka terdapat kelompok masyarakat adat yang menganut ajaran Islam dan menjalankannya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dengan tidak meninggalkan nilai budaya warisan leluhur. Tulisan ini menguraikan keberadaan masjid di perkampungan masyarakat adat, terutama berkenaan dengan fungsi serta perletakannya secara adat. Data pendukung diperoleh melalui kegiatan studi pustaka, survey dan wawancara terbuka yang kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif. Keberadaan masjid di tengah masyarakat adat memiliki peran penting dalam kehidupan masyarakat, yaitu peran keagamaan dan peran adat. Kondisi ini menunjukkan bahwa adat warisan leluhur tidak bertentangan dengan nilai keagamaan yang dianut, bahkan saling mengisi. ---Abstrak For Muslim, a Mosque not only for routine religion activity but also social function. Besides do religion activity, part of culture society of west java still doing what their heritage did. This article discussing about existence of a mosque among indigenous peoples of west java. The data taken from library research, survey, and open interview, and then analyzing quantitatively. A mosque among indigenous people are very important as religious symbol and indigenous activity. In the reality, those are not contradictive to the application, but it is supporting indeed.
Pelayaran Angkutan Jamaah Haji di Hindia Belanda (Tahun 1911-1930)
Authors: Fauzan Ahmad
Published: January 2020

Abstrak Tulisan membahas tentang transportasi ibadah haji di masa pemerintahan Hindia Belanda pada tahun 1911-1930 M. Tujuan riset ini adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi transportasi haji, baik dalam arti ekonomis maupun sebagai sarana pendukung bagi perjalanan haji yang ada di pelabuhan Batavia. Metode yang digunakan adalah kajian kualitatif, sementara data diperoleh melalui penelusuran literatur dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis ini didasarkan pada teknik heuristik, verifikasi, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa ada sebuah ironi terkait dengan kebijakan pemerintah kolonial terkait dengan aturan transportasi yang termuat dalam Ordonansi Hajj tahun 1898 – 1922 yang menekankan pada aspek kesehatan fasilitas ibadah. Pembahasan terkait transportasi ibadah haji ini menunjukkan bahwa Pemerintah Hindia Belanda sebenarnya tidak memberikan pelayanan dalam perjalanan ibadah haji, kecuali hanya mementingkan aspek ekonomi saja. Kesimpulan ini diambil berdasarkan fakta bahwa banyak jamaah haji yang sakit dan meninggal dalam kapal angkutan milik pemerintah Hindia Belanda. Kapal ini tidak dilengkapi fasilitas yang memadai dan kabin yang tidak layak untuk perjalanan jauh. Kata kunci: kebijakan kolonial, Hindia Belanda, Transportasi, haji, Batavia  ------- Abstract This paper discusses the transportation of pilgrims at Netherlands Indie in 1911-1930. The purpose of writing this research to determine the conditions transportation of pilgrims both in terms ofeconomic, as well as of supporting facilities above pilgrims hajjships available at the port of Batavia. The method used in this study is qualitative. While data collection is done through literature research and documentation. This data analysis technique based on heuristic techniques, verification, interpretation, and historiography. The findings of this study is an irony between the colonial government policy for transportation improvements embodied in Ordinance Hajj pilgrimage in 1898 to 1922 which it prioritizes health facilities worshipers. This discussion of the findings in the transportation of pilgrims produced that belonged to the Dutch East Indies in the dynamics can not serve pilgrims journey to the maximum and is only concerned with the economic aspects alone. Thus it can be concluded because often was found pilgrims are sick and even died in the course of the ships belonging to the Dutch East Indies Hajj, because Hajj ships is in the know of inadequate facilities and the rooms were not comfortable for long journeys pilgrims. Keywords: Colonial Policy, Dutch East Indies, Transportation of pilgrims, Pilgrimage, Batavia.
Dinamika Ekonomi Masyarakat Arab di Batavia Tahun 1900-1942
Authors: Yusuf Akhmad
Published: January 2020

Abstrak Sejak awal abad ke-17 Batavia yang dahulu dikenal dengan nama Sunda Kelapa lalu menjadi Jayakarta kemudian menjadi Batavia sudah berkembang menjadi sebuah pelabuhan dagang yang menjalankan aktivitas perniagaan. Batavia merupakan pusat kota pemerintahan Hindia Belanda sejak tahun 1619–1942. Sepanjang sejarah kolonial, administrasi dan daftar statistik pemerintah kolonial membagi-bagi penduduk menurut bangsanya dan secara khusus memisahkan masyarakat Cina dan Arab dari golongan pribumi.Batavia memiliki lokasi geografis sangat strategis, Batavia sangat cocok untuk dijadikan pusat kegiatan ekonomi di Asia. Selain sebagai tempat berkumpulnya kapal-kapal, Batavia selanjutnya juga berfungsi sebagai salah satu kota pelabuhan utama dalam jaringan perdagangan Asia. Dalam beberapa catatan sejarah bahwa golongan Arab dan Cina masuk wilayah Nusantara dan berasimilasi dengan masyarakat pribumi hingga menjadi ‘peranakan’ atau orang-orang keturunan yang lahir di Nusantara, namun oleh pemerintah dipaksakan dengan alasan untuk ‘melindungi’ kaum pribumi. Khususnya pedagang; tetapi pasti juga dengan alasan politik dan ekonomi. Kebanyakan dari para pedagang ini membentuk sebuah mata rantai atau jaringan perdagangan yang terjalin antar sesama komunitas. Sudah sejak lama masyarakatArab meninggalkan tanah air mereka di Hadhramaut (Yaman Selatan) yang tandus,untuk memperbaiki hidup.Mereka berdiaspora ke berbagai belahan dunia, termasuk ke Nusantara. Untuk berdagang dan menyebarkan agama Islam kepada penduduk setempat. Kata Kunci : Arab, Hadhramaut, Jaringan Ekonomi, Perdagangan, Batavia, 1900-1942.  ------- Abstract Since the beginning of 17th century, Batavia which was known as Sunda Kelapa then Jayakarta then Batavia, had been a trading city which manykinds of trading activities were there. Batavia was a centre of dutch east indies government since 1619-1942. Along the colonial history, administration and statistic data of colonial government categorized their people based on their nations and, specifically, separated the Chinese and Arabs from the natives.Batavia had a strategic geography, Batavia was the best site for economic activites in Asia. Not only as a site for ships to anchor, Batavia was also functioning as one of the main port towns in Asia trading network. Depend on historical records the Chinese and Arabs kept entering the Nusantara and assimilated theirselves with the natives as ‘offspring’ or descendants who were born in Nusantara, however the government forced them to be separated with reason to protect the natives.Especially the traders, which the other political and economic reasons were included as well. Majority of the traders created trader cycles or networks which were consolidated within the community. Since a long time ago the Arabs left their hometowns in the dry Hadhramaut (South Yemen), including to Nusantara to make livings. They went overseas diasporically. They did trading and teaching religions to natives. Keywords: Arabs, Hadhramaut, Networking Economy, Trade, Batavia, 1900-1942
Al-Nahwu 'Inda al-Bashriyyiin wa al-Kufiyyiin (al-Qarn al-Awwal ila al-Tsalits al-Hijriy)
Authors: Bachmid Ahmad
Published: January 2020

كانت في نشأة النحو العربي أدوار، الدور الأول الوضع والتكوين، وهذا من دور البصرة، وهي أول مدينة عينت بالنحو واللغة، تبدأ مدرسة البصرة من أبي أسود الدؤالي الذي توفي بها سنة 67هــ  إلى عهد الخليل بن أحمد (ت 175 هـ). ولقد ظهر اللحن في صدر الإسلام بسبب اختلاط العرب وامتزاجهم بالأعاجم، مما جعل علماء البصرة يحرصون على رسم أوضاعها خوفا عليها من الفناء والذوبان في اللغة الأعجمية. الطبقة الأولى من البصريين تبدأ من عهد نصر بن عاصم (ت 89 ه) إلى يحى بن يعمر (ت 129 ه)، والطبقة الثانية من البصريين فى الدور الأول تبدأ هذه الطبقة من عهد عبد الله بن إسحاق (ت 117 ه) إلى عهد أبى عمرو بن العلاء (ت 154 ه). الدور الثانى : دور النمو والنشوء والارتقاء، وهذا من دور البصرة والكوفة، وقد سبقت البصرة بنحو مائة عام الكوفة التي جاءت بعدها لتأسس مذهبا خاصا في النحو. تقابل الطبقة الثالثة من البصريين الطبقة الأولى من الكوفيين، ومن أشهر علمائها أبو جعفر الرؤاسي (ت 175 هــ) ومعاذ الهراء (ت 178 هــ)، ومن علماء البصريين في هذا الدور الأخفش الأكبر (ت 172 ه)  وسيبويه (ت 180 ه). الدور الثالث  دور النضج والكمال، لقد بلغ النحو نضجه وكماله فأصبحت القضايا النحوية علما مستقلا---Abstrak Dalam perkembangan ilmu nahwu, terdapat beberapa fase, fase pertama peletakan dan penyusunan. Ini berpusat di Bashrah, sejak peletakan pertama oleh Abu al-Aswad sampai al-Khalil ibn Ahmad. Pada waktu itu lahn telah tersebar luas sehingga menuntut mereka untuk segera mengkodifikasi nahwu. Terjadinya lahn diseabkan oleh interaksi bangsa arab dengan bangsa-bangsa lain di dunia. Periode pertanma bashrah dimulai pada masa Nasr Ibn Ashim (w.89 M) sampai masa Yahya Ibn Ya'mur (w. 129 H). Periode kedua Bashrah dimulai dari masa Abdullah Ibn Ishaq (w. 117 H) Sampai masa Amr Ibn al-Ala (w. 154 H). Kedua, masa pertumbuhan, yaitu masa perkembangan di mana  nahwu bukan hanya berkembang di Bashrah melainkan pula di Kufah. Tokoh Kufah pada fase ini antara lain Abu Ja’far al-Ru’asi (w. 175 H) dan Muazd al-Harra (w. 178 H), sedangkan tokoh Bashrah antara lain al-Akhfasy al-Akbar (w. 172 H) dan Imam Sibawaih (w. 180 H).   Ketiga, fase kematangan dan penyempurnaan, dimana ilmu nahwu telah telah dikodifikasi oleh ulama-ulama di kedua kota tersebut.
Realisasi Strategi Kesantunan dalam Wacana Dakwah
Authors: Saefudin Saefudin
Published: January 2020

Abstract The research dealing with the speech acts and politeness strategy in the texts of religius speech/Khutbah Jum’at aims at describing the kinds of illocutionary speech acts and politeness strategy used by da’i in making speech text or discourse. The method used in the reasearch is qualitative and descriptive method. This researh is a contectual one by deciding the research components. The speech acts study is mainly based on the searle’s theory, and the other suppoting theories, especilaly related to the functional language theory. The data is taken from the collection of Islamic speeh, which were published by Masjid Agung Sunda Kelapa Jakarta. Furthermore, based on the analysis, the data  found in the texts involve speech acts modes, kinds of illocitionary speech acts, and the politeness strategy as well.. However, the meaning or massage implied in the texts is still informative expressions, but not able to touch an important aspect of the other different speech acts and the politeness strategies suitable to the context of situation and culture. Abstrak Penelitian tentang kesantunan berbahasa pada teks ceramah/khutbah Jumat ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan jenis tindak tutur ilokusi dan strategi kesantunan yang digunakan oleh penceramah/khotib dalam pembuatan teks atau wacana ceramah/khutbahnya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif. Penelitian ini bersifat kontekstual dengan mempertimbangan komponen tutur. Kajian tindak tutur berlandaskan pada teori J.L Austin dan Searle, serta teori-teori pendukung lainnya, terutama yang terkait dengan bahasa fungsional. Data diambil dari kumpulan ceramah/khutbah Jum’at yang diterbitkan oleh Masjid Agung Sunda Kelapa. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dan pemaparan data-data yang ditemukan dalam wacana ceramah/khotbah Jum’at meliputi; modus tuturan, jenis tuturan ilokusioner, serta strategi kesantunan. Namun demikian, pesan yang terkandung dalam teks ceramah/Khutbah Jum’at masih bersifat informatif, belum sampai menyentuh persoalan pentingnya tindak tutur yang lain dan strategi kesantunan sesuai dengan konteks situasi dan budaya. DOI: 10.15408/al-turas.v23i1.5159
Engagement in Early Intervention Services Among Mothers in Recovery From Opioid Use Disorders
Authors: Peacock-Chambers Elizabeth , Feinberg Emily , Senn-McNally Molly , Clark Maria Carolina , Jurkowski Briana , Suchman Nancy E. , Byatt Nancy , Friedmann Peter D.
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Opioid-exposed infants frequently qualify for early intervention (EI). However, many eligible families choose not to enroll in this voluntary service. This study aims to understand the perceptions and experiences that may impact engagement with, and the potential benefits of, EI services among mothers in recovery from opioid use disorders (OUDs).

METHODS:

We conducted semistructured qualitative interviews (n = 22) and 1 focus group (n = 6) with mothers in recovery from OUDs in western Massachusetts. Transcripts were coded and analyzed by using a descriptive approach.

RESULTS:

The mean participant age was 32 years, and 13 had a high school degree or less. Five major themes emerged revealing mothers’ development through stages of engagement in EI services: (1) fear, guilt, and shame related to drug use (emotions acting as barriers to enrollment); (2) the question of whether it is “needed” (deciding whether there is value in EI for opioid-exposed infants); (3) starting with “judgment” (baseline level of perceived stigma that parents in recovery associate with EI); (4) breaking down the “wall” (how parents overcome the fear and perceived judgment to build partnerships with providers); and (5) “above and beyond” (need for a personal connection with mothers and concrete supports through EI in addition to the child-focused services provided).

CONCLUSIONS:

Barriers to engagement in EI among mothers in recovery from OUDs include a range of emotions, perceived stigma, and ambivalence. An effort to purposefully listen to and care for mothers through a strengths-based, bigenerational approach may help establish greater connections and foster stronger EI engagement among families affected by OUDs.
Asociatividad, liderazgo inclusivo y desarrollo económico local. El Grupo de Artesanos Independientes de Mompox
Authors: Montero Sergio , Calderón Gómez Nathalia
Published: January 2020

Numerosos estudios han mostrado la importancia de las asociaciones de productores para promover el desarrollo económico local. No obstante, este tipo de asociaciones existe en muchas ciudades pequeñas latinoamericanas sin que ello constituya una garantía de desarrollo inclusivo. A través de entrevistas con artesanos y líderes locales, este artículo analiza el sector de la artesanía de la filigrana en Mompox, Colombia y muestra el desencanto generalizado con formas tradicionales de asociatividad en las que un pequeño número de maestros, tradicionalmente hombres mayores, actúan como representantes de la comunidad artesana. Dichos liderazgos no permiten que las mujeres y las generaciones jóvenes se apropien del sector y frenan, en consecuencia, el potencial de las asociaciones para generar no solo desarrollo, sino inclusión. El análisis del Grupo de Artesanos ndependientes (GAI), un grupo de jóvenes artesanos de Mompox que ha roto con este modelo tradicional de asociatividad, muestra la importancia de tener liderazgos inclusivos que se traducen en un desarrollo local más incluyente.
Cartografías geopolíticas de las ideologías habitacionales latinoamericanas (2005-2015)
Authors: Hidalgo Dattwyler Rodrigo , Santana Rivas Luis Daniel , Quijada Prado Paula
Published: January 2020

Las geografías de las políticas habitacionales presentan un carácter multiescalar, ya que afectan niveles estatales, regionales y locales de la vida social. No obstante, su dimensión geopolítica no ha sido abordada en la investigación urbana latinoamericana. Por lo tanto, el objetivo del artículo es comparar los contenidos socioespaciales de las políticas habitacionales a partir de una diferenciación geopolítica entre estados neoliberales y neodesarrollistas. A partir de una base de datos cronológico de políticas de vivienda en la región, se realizó un análisis mediante un ejercicio de crítica de la ideología que busca identificar puntos convergentes y divergentes de las políticas habitacionales latinoamericanas entre 2005 y 2015 basados en siete ejes críticos. Se concluye que, a pesar de la diversidad entre ambos bloques geopolíticos y las diferencias internas dentro de ellos, se ha favorecido a los sectores financiero-inmobiliario nacionales o internacionales con una consecuente reducción del habitar al hábitat.
El retorno a Lefebvre. Ciudad, posibilidad, totalidad.
Authors: Morente Fran
Published: January 2020

A raíz de la recuperación y del renovado interés que ha suscitado en la academia anglosajona la obra del filósofo y sociólogo marxista Henri Lefebvre, se plantea en el artículo un retorno a sus escritos. A través de una recuperación sistemática y penetrante de la obra de Lefebvre, el objetivo no será otro que rescatar los conceptos clave y extraer una síntesis de su pensamiento urbano que den, a la sazón, justa medida de la radicalidad del planteamiento de totalidad urbana sugerido por Lefebvre en su aplicación sobre la ciudad contemporánea.
Effect of Service Quality and Corporate image on Customer Loyalty with Customer Satisfaction as Mediation Variables (Study at PT. BPR. Padma, Denpasar-Bali)
Authors: Sukerta Made , Putu Agung Anak Agung , Sujana I Wayan
Published: January 2020

The aim of this study is to know and test the effect of service quality, corporate image and customer satisfaction on customer loyalty at PT. BPR. Padma Denpasar-Bali, and to find out and test the effect of service quality, and corporate image on customer satisfaction at PT. BPR. Padma Denpasar-Bali. The study population was all customers at PT. BPR. Padma Denpasar-Bali, with 15,318 people. The number of samples was calculated using the Slovin method and obtained a total sample of 100 people, to determine the sample members used proportional random sampling technique that is the sample members taken proportionally in each part of the PT. BPR. Padma Denpasar-Bali. Data analysis techniques to answer the hypothesis of this study using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on Partial Least Square (PLS). The results showed that (1) service quality had a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty, (2) corporate image had a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty, (3) service quality had a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction, (4) corporate image had a positive effect and significantly to customer satisfaction (5) corporate image has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction, (6) customer satisfaction positively significantly mediates the effect of service quality on customer loyalty and (7) customer satisfaction positively significantly mediates the effect of corporate image on customer loyalty.
Editorial
Authors: Tardeli Denise D´Auria
Published: January 2020

Os resultados dos alunos nas avaliações do PISA – Programfor International Student Assessment – realizados pela OCDE (Organizaçãopara a Cooperação e Desenvolvimento Econômico)são influenciados por múltiplos fatores. Em geral, em todos ospaíses, se observam diferenças substanciais entre alunos segundosua origem socioeconômica, sua trajetória escolar prévia e osníveis de estudos completados por seus pares.
Educação em instituições museológicas: educação formal
Authors: Beltrame Renan R.
Published: January 2020

O presente artigo tem por objetivo abordar o tema da educação em instituições museológicas, propondo uma discussão com base na teoria dos Aparelhos Ideológicos de Estado, desenvolvida por Louis Althusser e aprofundada por Baudelot e Establet. O trabalho, valendo-se da análise de observação de visita numa instituição museológica e de entrevistas realizadas junto aos agentes que nela estão envolvidos – equipe de ação educativa, professor e alunos –, tece considerações sobre as formas de manifestação dessa atividade (entendida comumente como manifestação da educação não-formal), e estabelece paralelos entre a prática educativa realizada na escola. Considerando ambas – instituição museológica e escola – como instituições pertencentes a determinados Aparelhos Ideológicos de Estado – AIE Cultural e AIE Escolar, respectivamente – o artigo aponta como resultado de análise, a
O trabalho noturno e seus efeitos na saúde dos trabalhadores da área de segurança
Authors: França Robinson Souza de , Belo Raquel Pereira , Teixeira Luisa Regina da Silva , Rodrigues Pollyanna Nathercia de Vasconcelos , Arruda Valéria Gomes de , Guimarães Christian Gabriel Madeira
Published: January 2020

Este estudo empírico e qualitativo teve como objetivo conhecer os efeitos do trabalho noturno na saúde dos trabalhadores da área de segurança, para isto verificou os principais impactos e efeitos do trabalho na sua saúde e realizou um levantamento dos seus motivos para a escolha da profissão. Vinte trabalhadores da área de Segurança pública e privada responderam entrevista semiestruturada acerca do trabalho noturno e os impactos na saúde dos profissionais e questionário sociodemográfico. Suas respostas foram processadas no software IRAMUTEQ, cuja classificação hierárquica descendente as dividiu em quatro classes, denominadas fatores motivadores e desmotivadores para o trabalho noturno, atividades fora do horário de trabalho e repercussões do trabalho na vida pessoal. Os resultados apontam que as queixas de cansaço físico e psíquico, estresse, desregulação do ciclo do sono e impactos nos relacionamentos sociais estão associados aos processos de adoecimento e sofrimento físicos e psíquicos no trabalho.
La Genèse dans la littérature martiniquaise contemporaine : souvenirs et devenir
Authors: Eugène Valentine
Published: January 2020

« La Genèse dans la littérature martiniquaise contemporaine: Mémoires et devenir » suggère de se pencher sur l’évolution des premières pages de la Bible dans la littérature contemporaine en Martinique. Le mouvement d’appropriation et de subversion du mythe de la Genèse dans Raphaël Confiant et Biblique des derniers gestes (2002) de La Chate du Grand Retour (2002) de Patrick Chamoiseau met en lumière l’appui spécifique de la littérature francophone dans le contexte postcolonial: supprimer à l’histoire du processus traumatisant; créer un mythe original oublié; donner aux minorités une nouvelle place dans l’histoire et le mythe. Mots-clés: Antilles, Genèse, réécriture
O conceito de texto, contexto e de leitor na interpretação de textos religiosos: o caso da literatura bíblica
Authors: Nogueira Paulo Augusto de Souza
Published: January 2020

Este artigo propõe definir um modelo de texto para texto religioso, em geral, e para o texto bíblico, em especial, por meio de referenciais da semiótica da cultura, dos estudos discursivos e da estética da recepção. Três conceitos se articulam de forma dinâmica: texto, contexto e leitor. O texto religioso é estruturalmente complexo, tributário da densidade narrativa do mito e da hiperconectividade da metáfora. Esses textos são lidos e recriados em redes textuais na história, seus contextos. Por fim, o leitor acessa o texto criativamente, atualizando suas possibilidades de sentido. Desta forma encontramos um modelo de texto que enfatiza sua polissemia e virtualidade, sua historicidade radical e o papel ativo do leitor.
Socio-technical transitions in UK electricity: part 2 – technologies and sustainability
Authors: Foxon Timothy J. , Hammond Geoffrey P. , Pearson Peter J. G.
Published: January 2020

A large interdisciplinary consortium of engineers, social scientists and policy analysts has developed three low-emissions, more-electric transition pathways for the UK. The approach is based on earlier work on understanding transitions, applying a multi-level perspective with landscape, regime and niche levels to the development of socio-technical scenarios. The pathways to 2050 focus on the power sector, including the potential for increasing the use of low-emissions electricity for heating and transport. Part 1 described studies of historical energy and infrastructure transitions that help to understand the dynamics and timing of past transitions. The role of large-scale and small-scale actors in the electricity sector and methods used to develop the pathways were also described. In part 2, associated technologies are evaluated to determine the choices that need to be made by UK energy policymakers and stakeholders. All three pathways are appraised in terms of their environmental performance using complementary life-cycle assessment and footprinting methods. Lessons can clearly be drawn for other industrialised nations attempting to reduce the emissions of their electricity generation systems, although local circumstances will determine country- and region-specific options.
MojoSort™ Whole Blood Human CD8 Nanobeads Whole Blood Column Protocol v2
Authors: Li Sam
Published: January 2020

BioLegend MojoSort™ nanobeads work in commonly used separation columns, based on our internal research as well as validation by external testing by academic labs. This simple protocol consists of following the MojoSort™ protocol to label the cells with pre-diluted MojoSort™ reagents and using the columns as indicated by the manufacturer. Note: Due to the properties of our beads, it may be possible to use far fewer beads that with other commercial suppliers. We recommend a titration to find the best dilution factor. However, as a general rule, dilutions ranging from 1:3 to 1:20 for the Nanobeads can be used. Please contact BioLegend Technical Service (tech@biolegend.com) if further assistance is needed.
MojoSort™ Human CD14+ Monocyte Isolation Kit Column Protocol v2
Authors: Li Sam
Published: January 2020

BioLegend MojoSort™ nanobeads work in commonly used separation columns, based on our internal research as well as validation by external testing by academic labs. This simple protocol consists of following the MojoSort™ protocol to label the cells with pre-diluted MojoSort™ reagents and using the columns as indicated by the manufacturer. Note: Due to the properties of our beads, it may be possible to use far fewer beads and less antibody cocktail that with other commercial suppliers. We recommend a titration to find the best dilution factor. However, as a general rule, dilutions ranging from 1:2 to 1:10 for the antibody cocktail can be used. Dilutions ranging from 1:5 to 1:20 for the Streptavidin Nanobeads can be used. Please contact BioLegend Technical Service (tech@biolegend.com) if further assistance is needed.
Breve discussão sobre a história da inclusão no brasil a luz da complexidade
Authors: Fortes Alves Maria Dolores , Duarte Pereira Filho Adalberto , Leite Tamires
Published: January 2020

La inclusión postula el derecho de todos los sujetos a ser aceptados y respetados frente a las diferencias, en igualdad de condiciones ante la sociedad. La inclusión en la contemporaneidad sigue siendo un elemento perturbador y una fuente de temor en la práctica educativa.. No es sólo el profesor el que se siente insatisfecho por la incapacidad de tratar temas con discapacidades en la escuela, podemos decir que la gran mayoría de los actores educativos comparten esta preocupación.El presente trabajo aborda de manera panorámica la historia de la inclusión en Brasil, y propone desde el paradigma de la Complejidad una marca de eco-entrenamiento.Así, el texto pretende dialogar teóricamente sobre el proceso de inclusión con la perspectiva de insertar más del elemento que agrega la eco-formación. En particular, nos proponemos: hacer un pequeño corte bibliográfico teórico sobre la inclusión y la eco-formación; y esbozar el fenómeno de la inclusión desde una perspectiva histórica; y así discutir la posible relevancia de pensar sobre la inclusión de los ecosistemas en la formación de docentes. Metodológicamente, el trabajo se basa en la investigación cualitativa a través de un enfoque basado en la web, desde las categorías de inclusión, formación de profesores y eco-formación. Partiendo del análisis histórico del proceso de inclusión en Brasil, vemos una perspectiva compleja que se vuelve imperativa para el profesor para romper con las prácticas pedagógicas clásicas en favor del desarrollo de sujetos peculiares y únicos