bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF INDUSTRIAL PARKS IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Kohut Iryna , Lebid Tetiana ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2022

The article analyzes the market of industrial parks of Ukraine. One of the problems of the development of industrial parks (IP) in Ukraine is that since their creation, many industrial parks have been registered and only a small part of them work for the country's economy. After the start of the war and as a result of significant destruction of infrastructure, the urgency of launching and developing industrial parks is extremely important. The issues of post-war restoration of industrial enterprises and the readiness of industrial parks to place on their territory enterprises that stopped their activities in the occupied territories and territories where destruction took place are becoming relevant for us. To form the market of industrial parks, their owners need to create high- quality production sites that will meet the needs of industrial park participants. In order to determine the main directions of the development of the industrial parks market, the authors presented an analysis of the industrial parks market of Ukraine and determined its state. The article identifies a number of problems of IP, namely imperfect legislation, lack of benefits for participants, most parks are only registered on paper but not working, requirements for the locations of industrial facilities have not been formed, lack of a clear action plan for the transition from plans to actions, etc. Porter's five forces model was used as one of the tools of strategic planning for the development of the research object, which allows identifying five factors that should be paid attention to in the near future by the founders of the IP. According to the formed model, it is determined that the market share and level of future profit of the industrial park is determined by its ability to counteract the following competitive forces: the emergence of high competition among private enterprises; the presence of existing production areas that can serve as substitute goods; competitors who are already working on the IP market; to the requirements of customers (future IP participants). Based on the results of the research, it was determined that the threat from existing competitors has a high influence on the activity of industrial parks in Ukraine. A strategy of constant monitoring of existing and potential competitors and the market situation is proposed. Constant improvement of services and infrastructure of IP allows to strengthen their competitive advantages and maintain the satisfaction of participants.
AUTOMATION OF MANUFACTURING PROCESSES IN THE CONSTRUCTION AS A FACTOR OF INCREASE IN ITS EFFICIENCY
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Havryliak Anatolii , Havryliak Stepan ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Danylovych Oleh ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study is to substantiate the effectiveness of automation of production processes in construction based on the implementation of 3D technologies. In the course of the study, measures to increase the efficiency of production processes in construction were considered, which can be conditionally divided into two groups: the first group - an increase in extensive loading; the second group - increasing the intensive load. Among the mentioned measures to increase the intensive load, the most promising is the automation of production processes. The effectiveness of automating the placement of concrete mixture in foundations using a construction 3D printer is considered. It is shown that the automation of the construction process for placing the concrete mixture in the foundations is one of the important factors of its efficiency, namely, the reduction of the duration of the construction process, the efficiency of the use of materials, and the reduction of costs. Therefore, one of the essential characteristics of modern construction production is the increase in the level of its automation, which will significantly increase its efficiency and solve many problems related to organization and maintenance. The advantages and disadvantages of automation of production processes in construction are given. The obtained research results can be applied in construction to improve the efficiency of production processes.
THE IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGIES ON BUSINESS EFFICIENCY
Authors:   National University of Food Technologies, Skopenko Nataliіa , Yevsieieva-Severyna Iryna ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyrychenko Olga ,   National University of Food Technologies
Published: December 2022

Current challenges have accelerated the implementation of modern business concepts. Among the many practices of continuous business processes improvement is digitalization. Attention is focused on the benefits of digitalization in companies, which is to improve the processes quality, reduce their passage time, quickly fulfil orders, and hence increase customer loyalty. The concept of artificial intelligence is analysed, its three main types are identified: artificial narrow intelligence, general artificial intelligence, artificial superintelligence. Artificial narrow intelligence is focused on solving a narrowly defined, structured task; general artificial intelligence which is aimed at solving any problem, can respond to different environments and situations. Artificial superintelligence will be able to surpass people in absolutely everything, such as coping with creative tasks, decision-making and maintaining emotional relationships. The advantages of using artificial intelligence (accuracy in data processing, the ability to quickly analyse a large amount of information that will facilitate timely decision-making) are revealed. The main threats to the use of artificial intelligence (jobs disappearance, mass unemployment, loss of control over artificial intelligence – robots’ uncontrollability by humans) are also indicated. The most common technologies of artificial intelligence in enterprises (data science, machine learning, robotization) are considered. The business entities experience in the implementation of various artificial intelligence tools in operational activities, in the medical, legal, space, banking, educational spheres of activity, is presented. It was emphasized in the educational field that the annual increase in artificial intelligence is expected to reach 45% by 2030. It is also highlighted that artificial intelligence contributes to business development and global economic activity. The world's key players in the artificial intelligence market are considered, the top 10 world IT corporations are presented, the growth of their key performance indicators after the introduction of artificial intelligence technologies in goods and services is investigated.
EVALUATION METHODS AND DIRECTIONS FOR REDUCING THE PROPENSITY OF ENTERPRISES TO BANKRUPTCY
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Yemelyanov Olexandr
Published: December 2022

Among the negative scenarios of the functioning of enterprises, one of the most widespread is the one in which firms become unable to fulfill their debt obligations. The main reasons for the occurrence of such a situation include the excessively high volume of loan funds that the company has raised and the poor situation in the markets for the sale of its products. Eliminating the threat of bankruptcy of the firm involves reducing the negative impact of factors that lead to loss of solvency. At the same time, it is important to have information about how close a certain company is to its bankruptcy state. One of the main ways of obtaining such information is to assess the propensity of enterprises to bankruptcy. Such assessment, in turn, acts as a basis for developing measures to prevent bankruptcy of business entities. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to improve assessment methods and determine the directions for reducing the propensity of enterprises to bankruptcy. Currently existing models for assessing companies' propensity to bankruptcy are considered. The shortcomings of these models are described. An approach to assessing the propensity of companies to bankruptcy is proposed, which is based on measuring the probability of its occurrence. Two ways of implementing this approach are presented, namely: by taking into account the probabilities of certain scenarios of the enterprise receiving a certain amount of financial results of its activities and on the basis of calculating the maximum amount of debt obligations that the enterprise under study can keep on the balance sheet without the threat of being bankrupt The theoretical principles of developing a strategy to prevent bankruptcy of the enterprise are proposed. It is shown that this strategy should provide for constant monitoring of the amount and structure of the loan capital of the business entity and regulation of the process of changing the amount of such capital. At the same time, the specified capital at any moment of time must be maintained at a level that will not exceed the maximum amount of the loan that the enterprise can hold in order to guarantee the fulfillment of its credit obligations. A model of the formation of the potential for reducing the tendency of the enterprise to bankruptcy has been developed.
ANALYSIS OF THE CREDIT POLICY OF THE BANKING SECTOR OF UKRAINE
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Khoma Iryna , Skip Roksolana ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to issues of the banking system of Ukraine. In modern conditions regarding the functioning and development of banking in the country, the creation of the credit policy of Ukraine occupies an important place. If the bank's credit policy is effective, then the banking risk is reduced and the bank's profit increases, even in crisis conditions of economic development. To assess credit policy, such categories as: credit portfolio, amount of non-performing loans and compliance with NBU regulations were analyzed. The dynamics of the entire amount of loans issued was studied, as well as the structure of the credit portfolio of the banking sector of Ukraine by type of borrower during 2018-2022 was analyzed. The causes of credit risk were analyzed, this stage is important, because it helps to identify ways to overcome threats to a specific institution or in general system, and also minimizes the likelihood of risks. In the course of the research, the issue of non-performing loans was considered, this is an integral category of the bank lending process. A low-quality loan portfolio is characterized by a high proportion of non- performing loans, which is negative and requires immediate reduction. Control of their value allows to prevent serious problems of the bank's financial condition, contributes to improving the stability of both a specific institution and the banking system in general. In addition, the amount of reserves for outstanding liabilities was analyzed, the amount of reserved funds characterizes the credit risk management process. When implementing credit activities, it is important to comply with the economic standards of the National Bank of Ukraine, which provide an opportunity to analyze the accepted credit risk from a different perspective. That is why the dynamics of these indicators during 2018-2022 were considered, where special attention was paid to the group of credit risk indicators.
BIG DATA IN THE CONDITIONS OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lakiza Viktoriia
Published: December 2022

The purpose of the article is to clarify the essence of the digital economy, to determine the degree of its influence on the conditions of activity and management of business entities, to determine the prerequisites and opportunities for adjusting the system of values, priorities and guidelines in order to build new models of management of business entities with the help of BIG DATA. The article examines the content of the categories "digital economy", "digitalization" and BIG DATA, highlights the key components of the digital economy. It has been established that the introduction of digitalization elements by business entities significantly increases the possibilities of new management formats of consumer market entities, affects the degree of their economic development, competitiveness, etc. The difficulties faced by the process of digitization and the development of the digital economy in Ukraine are considered, the country's place in the Global Digital Competitiveness Rating, as well as the indicators of Ukraine's innovative development are examined The positive aspects of the "digital transformation of the economy" are singled out. It is claimed that the rapid development of the digital economy led to the development of new technologies - Big Data, the use of which significantly simplifies the processing of large data sets through the use of digital methods and tools. The main indicators of identifying the dynamics of the development of the global Big Data market (aggregate income of the Big Data market and losses of Big Data market subjects from data leakage) were studied, based on which conclusions can be drawn about its permanent expansion. It is noted that the main goal of the Big Data system is to transform complex data into accessible information to simplify the process of making management decisions in real time. A list of Big Data Analytics software is offered, which is used for effective data processing and achieving a competitive advantage in the market, and its software analytical tools allow you to monitor customer needs, current market changes and other valuable information. Apache Hadoop is highlighted among the most popular analytics tools for working with Big Data; Spark; Cassandra and Talend, their brief technical characteristics are given. Based on the results of the research, the conclusions are formulated that Big Data allows businesses to identify new opportunities and create new types of companies, and to use the information obtained to optimize business processes.
CURRENT STATE AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS OF POULTRY IN UKRAINE
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Yemtsev Viktor , Slobodyaniuk Nataliya ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Yemtseva Halyna ,   National University of Food Technologies
Published: December 2022

According to UN data since 1975 every 12 years the world's population adds a billion people. The last milestone – 7 billion people – was crossed by humanity in 2011. And in November 2022, another milestone was crossed – there were 8 billion people in the world [1]. However, the growth of the planet's population causes a problem related to nutrition security, especially animal proteins that even existing population of the planet feels a significant deficit of. In addition, the global jump in prices for food, energy resources and fertilizers, which is observed as a result of the war in Ukraine, threatens to spread problems of food supply in many countries of the world and may lead to global destabilization and mass migration of the population of underdeveloped countries at an unprecedented scale. One of the main directions for overcoming this deficit and the existing global problem of providing the population with proteins of animal origin is expanding the possibilities of its production according to the main sources of their origin - increasing the volume of meat and fish production. That is why solving the issues of ensuring a balanced diet and sufficient consumption of animal proteins by the global population, solving the problem of providing it with high-quality and safe food in quantities that correspond to scientifically based consumption norms, and determining the main directions of development of the domestic production of animal proteins are very urgent and require further of research. The article defines the place of domestic animal husbandry and the meat industry in the world production of proteins of animal origin. The sources and dynamics of the average annual domestic volume and structure of production, export, sales volume and level of consumption of meat in the country in general and, in particular, poultry meat during the last years are analyzed. The results of the study indicate a general increase in the values of these indicators, which indicates the dynamic development of the domestic meat industry. The leading countries in the import of domestic poultry meat and eggs have been determined It is recommended to increase the volume of poultry meat production, because in poultry farming, the duration of the production cycle is the shortest, production has greater economic efficiency, and consumers positively perceive the nutritional properties of poultry. The growth of the poultry population and the volume of chicken production will increase price competition in the domestic and world markets.
CHALLENGES OF MARKETING PROCESSES IN THE AGE OF DIGITALIZATION
Authors:   King Danylo University, Shynkar Svitlana , Diuk Oksana ,   Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas
Published: December 2022

The aim of the study is to study the main challenges of marketing processes in the era of digitalization. It has been proven that life in the era of digitalization, when the number of wearable mobile devices and personal devices is growing rapidly, people are ready to openly share information about themselves, as well as consciously use content created by others. It is logical to imagine that every day people and devices jointly generate huge amounts of data that can now be effectively analyzed and used. This actualizes the chosen problem. It is characterized that digital technologies are developing at a significant pace, which means that in the near future everything that happens in the real world will be digitized and turned into a digital asset, whether we like it or not. In a decade, digital platforms will become an integral part of every economic process. It has been determined that modern digital technologies make it possible to make faster management decisions based on the analysis of sales results, to model various options for interacting with the consumer at all stages of this path. It has been proven that the Internet and the era of digitalization in general have unique advantages that allow companies to expand the boundaries of the market for their products, reduce the length of marketing channels and create all conditions for purchasing products with maximum customer value. As a result, itshould be noted that marketing process management in the era of digitalization is a kind of analysis, planning, implementation and control over the implementation of programs aimed at creating, maintaining and expanding profitable relationships with the buyer to achieve the goals of the socio-economic system. At a tactical level, marketing process management is linked to demand management, which in turn is linked to managing consumer relationships in the era of digitalization. Marketing processes cannot be implemented using old technologies. Marketing is now closely associated with the era of digitalization.
PROBLEMS AND POTENTIAL OF RESTORATION OF ENTERPRISES IN THE FIELD OF CONSTRUCTION IN THE ASPECT OF MILITARY AGGRESSION OF RUSSIA
Authors:   O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Smachylo Valentyna , Dymchenko Olena ,   O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Rudachenko Olha ,   O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Khailo Yana ,   O. M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the identification of modern problems and the determination of the potential for restoration of enterprises in the field of construction in Ukraine during the military aggression of russia. The authors identified the main problems associated with the process of restoration of Ukraine after the end of hostilities. It has been proven that the main participants in this process will be construction companies, namely enterprises manufacturing building materials. The article also describes the general state of the business environment, while the authors used various indices, in particular the Business Activity Index, which shows business activity, its ability to increase turnover, create jobs, etc. It is worth noting that the authors of the work managed to establish that the state of enterprises in Ukraine varies significantly depending on the region, size and industry, which should be taken into account when forming a strategy for supporting entrepreneurship and rebuilding Ukraine at different levels of management. It has been proven that in the sectoral section: construction and art, sports, entertainment and recreation - 60% have stopped or almost stopped their activities; real estate transactions - about 55% The priority of problems for enterprises in the construction sector has been established. The main ones include: rising prices for raw materials and materials; supply of critical infrastructure services; logistics Summarizing and comparing the problems identified during surveys using different methods showed that they are correlated with each other. In general, based on the research, the structure of losses and prospects in the field of construction materials production was formed. In the future, the field of building materials can be considered one of the most promising and rapidly growing, and experts estimate new markets in the millions of dollars. So, the authors have proven that construction enterprises face a large number of problems that are complex in nature, however, they remain the basis for attracting investors who are interested in investing in the production of construction materials and the development of related fields as profitable and dynamically growing.
DETERMINANTS OF ORGANIC PRODUCT MARKET DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Mukachevo State University, Rosola Uliana , Rosola Anatolii ,   Mukachevo State University
Published: December 2022

The article analyzes the market of organic products and its main trends in modern conditions. The strategic nature of organic production and its importance for the population have been established. The article analyzed the main reasons why consumers start consuming organic products. It was found that Ukraine has all the prerequisites for the development of this industry. The dynamics of the number of producers of organic products for 2016-2022 were analyzed. It has been established that Ukraine occupies a leading position in the export of organic products to the countries of the European Union. It has been studied that this industry is relatively young. Because of this, the legislative framework began to be formed in Ukraine only in 2018. Reasonable factors influencing the environmental awareness of potential buyers of organic products. Research shows that buyers understand the significance and importance of buying organic products, but due to mistrust of producers, incorrect labeling or incorrect placement of products in stores, they do not make a purchase. It was established that the main places of sale of organic products are specialized stores, purchases from personal farms or farms specializing in the production of eco-products, and supermarkets. The article proposes the main vectors for improving the functioning of the organic products market. Further studies of this problem will concern the policy of state support and legislative support.
FEATURES OF THE ORGANIZATION AND CONDUCT OF PRIMARY FINANCIAL MONITORING BY TAX CONSULTING ENTITIES
Authors:   State Tax University, Ivanyshyna Оlga , Herasymenko Olha ,   State Tax University
Published: December 2022

The issue of primary financial monitoring by tax consulting entities requires additional research, which is due to both the peculiarities of the formation of the tax consulting institute in Ukraine and the priority tasks of financial monitoring. In this context, it should be noted that the updated legislation on financial monitoring raises certain questions for such entities. The economic realities are that, on the one hand, tax consulting is aimed at helping taxpayers and should focus on their interests in taxation matters, and on the other hand, there is a legally established strict responsibility of specially defined subjects of primary financial monitoring for non-compliance with the rules of such monitoring. It was established that the subjects of primary financial monitoring are only legal and natural persons - entrepreneurs who provide tax consulting services. Individuals who conduct independent professional tax consulting activities, as well as tax and fee consultants who are full-time employees of the enterprise, are not subjects of primary financial monitoring. The article summarizes the duties of business entities that provide tax consulting in three main areas: registration with the State Financial Monitoring Service of Ukraine; ensuring proper organization and conducting primary financial monitoring and applying a risk-oriented approach; notification of negative financial transactions of clients and other information provided by law. Problematic issues of organization and implementation of primary financial monitoring by tax consulting entities in the specified directions are highlighted. The main focus is on the organization of work on conducting primary financial monitoring by business entities - legal entities.
SERVICE INNOVATIONS AS A ESSENTIAL ELEMENT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
Authors:   Uman National University of Horticulture, Petrenko Nataliia
Published: December 2022

The article considers the issue of using service innovations as an element for the development of the hospitality industry. It is established that the development of innovative hotel products and the provision of a top-notch services is currently a quite relevant problem, as it contributes to improving the quality of customer service and the efficiency performance of hotels in general. It is stated that the main condition for achieving a high level of the hotel competitiveness is the modernization of services and their compliance with international quality standards. In the course of the research the issue of the essence of service activity in the hotel business has been investigated. The essence, components and structure of the service hotel product are considered. The particularities of innovative servicology in the hotel business are considered. The components of innovational maintenance service in the hotel sphere are analysed. The key aspects of the specifics of the formation, use and implementation of innovative services in the hospitality industry are described. The key directions of increasing the competitiveness of the hotel business on the basis of improving the level of additional services have been identified. It was noted that the effective implementation of innovative hotel services is facilitated by the use of the latest forms of marketing activities, such as the Internet marketing. It is defined that the use of Internet marketing tools contributes to the correct comprehension of consumer behavior and their valuable attitudes; allows to determine the needs of guests and hotel services that are in the greatest demand; create a system of relationships with consumers of hotel services; promotes awareness regarding the hotel and its services; helps to attract the target audience, etc. It is summarized that modern enterprises of the hotel industry should invest more in raising the level of servicology, as the provision of a top-notch services will encourage repeated visits to the hotel and will form a stable customer base of hotel services consumers.
IMPACT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF ACCOUNTING AND ECONOMIC SYSTEMS ON THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF ENTERPRISES DEPENDING ON THE CYCLICITY OF ECONOMIC PROCESSES
Authors:   State Biotechnological University, Bakaliar Dmytro
Published: December 2022

Management experience, the availability of effective tools for generating relevant information and the implementation of effective management decisions, the quality of the information base for the management system significantly affect the stability of the functioning of an economic entity and its economic security and, as a result, are able to either stimulate or minimize the risk of depressive phenomena in the economy. On the other hand, "shock" situations and disturbances in the balance of the economic system also affect the accounting methodology, since the stagnation of the national economy or its separation from the business sector causes the appearance of a chaotic beginning in the organization of the economic mechanism of economic entities and over time forces to revise the established approaches to accounting methodology. In order to reveal the logic of the evolutionary processes of the formation of accounting and analytical systems from the perspective of economic security, the article attempts to determine the relationship between the stages of its development and cyclical processes in the economy, that is, in the context of the concept of the life cycle of systems. The article proposes an approach that allows us to identify how different types of global economic crises affect the state of economic security of enterprises due to macroeconomic factors. A number of indicators of the external and internal environment have been determined, which influence the economic security of the enterprise and which, in turn, can be considered directions in which it is appropriate to conduct research on its formation. The goals and tasks of the accounting and analytical system in the conditions of crisis processes in the economy were formulated, which made it possible to develop the concept of ensuring the economic security of enterprises, which is the basis for managing the economic security of the enterprise and emphasizes the definition of the main stages of its implementation in the relationship and interaction of the influence of various factors.
ELECTRONIC JUSTICE IN UKRAINE: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
Authors:   Dnipropetrovsk State University of Internal Affairs, Nikolaichuk Svitlana
Published: December 2022

The scientific article is devoted to a topical topic - problems and prospects for improving the functioning of the judiciary. The purpose of writing a scientific article is to outline the main problems related to electronic justice and to determine the prospects for further improvement of the functioning of this system. The article highlights the advantages of the electronic justice system, the current state of legal regulation, outlines problematic ways of functioning of electronic justice. Attention is drawn to the fact that the implementation of electronic justice requires the solution of many legal, organizational, material and technical problems, but the first steps are quite fruitful, because it is thanks to the capabilities of the electronic justice system in our country that the right of citizens to access the court is ensured. It is noted that the implementation of the electronic justice system determines the issue of protection of relevant resources. The issue of the introduction of "electronic cases" that would allow judicial proceedings to be carried out not only in paper but also in electronic form requires a legislative solution in the procedural codes. Prospective directions for improvement of electronic justice are highlighted. Further ways to improve electronic justice are proposed, namely: making changes and additions to laws and procedural codes in order to improve the state of legal regulation of electronic justice; further technical and software improvement of the electronic justice system; informational work with the judiciary to spread awareness about the electronic justice system, its advantages and features; creation of new structures that should provide software and technical support for the electronic justice system, develop, improve and implement relevant technologies; development of a mechanism for reformatting courts on the electronic judicial system. It is concluded that thanks to the system of electronic justice, a person is guaranteed the right of access to the court, the speed of consideration of cases by the courts, the improvement of the quality of court decisions, the saving of time for the judicial consideration of the case and the saving of court costs. The use of electronic justice should be recognized as one of the priority areas of reform and development of the administration of justice in Ukraine, improvement of justice in the resolution of legal conflicts.
ПРАВОВИЙ ЗАХИСТ ЖУРНАЛІСТІВ ПІД ЧАС МІЖНАРОДНИХ ЗБРОЙНИХ КОНФЛІКТІВ
Authors:   Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University, Dashkovska Olena , Vasiutin Vladyslav ,   Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of the peculiarities of the legal status of journalists during international armed conflicts. It is emphasized that representatives of mass media who are on dangerous business trips belong to the category of civilians and enjoy the protection of international humanitarian law under the conditions, if they do not participate in military operations, with the exception of accredited military correspondents, who have a special legal status during coverage acts of military aggression. It is emphasized that the modern concept of "journalist" includes not only employees of traditional mass media, such as television, radio broadcasting, print media, as well as news agencies, but also the so-called new media: journalists of online media, bloggers, freelancers, employees of media communities, public activists and other media participants who communicate publicly with their audience Modern international humanitarian law does not provide for the presence of special means of protection for journalists, although the presence of a certificate or a special badge of a press representative, recommended to journalists by humanitarian organizations, can be considered conditionally as such. Loss of international legal protection by a journalist is possible under the conditions of approaching the place of active hostilities, as well as being inside a military formation, when the enemy has no opportunity to distinguish a combatant from a civilian or a journalist. It is emphasized the importance of further work on the preparation of the Convention on the Protection of Journalists during Armed Conflicts, as well as improving the mechanisms of control over compliance with the current provisions of international humanitarian law through the efforts of the professional journalistic society and international human rights organizations.
PROTECTION OF THE RIGHTS OF FOREIGNERS AND STATELESS PERSONS BY COURTS OF UKRAINE
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kurylo Volodymyr
Published: December 2022

The article emphasizes that the basis on which the legal regulation of the protection of the rights of foreigners and stateless persons and their legitimate interests was formed, according to which such rights and interests require legal regulation, are the constitutional foundations of the legal order and international legislation. It is noted that the majority of constitutional norms have an absolute character, that is, they are not only inalienable, but also not subject to limitation. Methods and procedural forms of protection of the rights of foreigners and stateless persons by domestic courts are disclosed. For this purpose, the provisions of the Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, the norms of the Law of Ukraine «On the Judiciary and the Status of Judges», provisions of the Civil Code, Civil Procedure Code, Code of Administrative Procedure, Economic Procedure Codes of Ukraine, judicial practice and doctrinal opinions were analyzed. Taking into account the legal status of foreigners and stateless persons, attention is drawn to the peculiarities of proceedings in administrative lawsuits regarding the detention of foreigners and stateless persons. It was determined that the methods of protection of the rights of foreigners and stateless persons are regulated by the norms of various branches of law, which regulate specific legal relations involving the specified category of persons, within which everyone is guaranteed the right to judicial protection of his rights and freedoms.
PROBLEMS OF IMPROVING THE PENALTIES SYSTEM AND THE EFFICIENCY OF THE PENITENTIARY SYSTEM OF UKRAINE UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE MARTIAL STATE
Authors:   Dnipropetrovsk State University of Internal Affairs, Hrytenko Oksana
Published: December 2022

The article examines the problems of improving the punishment system and the effectiveness of the penitentiary system of Ukraine under martial law. Some new legislative proposals regarding the improvement of the domestic penal system are analyzed, which are aimed at improving the efficiency of the Ukrainian penitentiary system in the conditions of martial law. It has been established that among the proposals on the effectiveness of the Ukrainian penitentiary system under martial law, special attention is drawn to those that propose expanding the list of types of punishments alternative to imprisonment in the current Criminal Code of Ukraine, as well as establishing a new type of punishment "probation supervision". Peculiarities of such types of punishment as restriction of will and proposed probationary supervision are analyzed. It was determined that the ideas about the punitive properties of restraint of will and its possible replacement by probation supervision are built on the following grounds: restraint of will has lost its punitive potential and effective application in the penitentiary system; the lack of a correct understanding of the order of appointment, execution and serving of punishment in the form of restraint of will gives rise to a false opinion about the similarity of this type of punishment with probation supervision. It has been established that the new type of punishment in the form of probation supervision, although it represents a new perspective on the procedure for the execution and serving of punishment in the case of a person committing criminal misdemeanors and minor crimes, but cannot completely replace the restriction of free will. It has been proven that punishment in the form of probationary supervision cannot replace the restriction of will, however, it may well occupy an independent place in the system of punishments under the Criminal Code of Ukraine, the innovation should also be marked in the relevant provisions of the Criminal Executive Code of Ukraine, regarding the order and conditions of execution and serving a sentence in the form of probation supervision, as well as finding a logical continuation in the adoption of relevant changes in the Law of Ukraine "On Probation".
THE ISSUE OF DETERMINING THE JURISDICTION OF CASES TO THE COMMERCIAL COURTS
Authors:   State Biotechnological University, Ivanova Hanna
Published: December 2022

Introduction. The European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms imposed obligations on member states to guarantee access to justice and the effectiveness of legal remedies. Referring to the judicial practice of the European Court of Human Rights, a situation in which a person whose rights have been violated cannot determine the competent court or other competent body to which he or she can send a relevant application is recognized as a violation of Article 13 of the Convention, as the right of access to a court must be effective. The requirement of effectiveness, among other things, involves the clarity of the legislative provisions: if the procedural rules are written in such a way as to create a certain uncertainty, the person whose applications were rejected on the basis of a violation of the procedural rules is recognized as having no real, effective access to the court. The problem of choosing the appropriate court and determining judicial competence in exercising the right to access to court, ensuring the right to effective legal protection has become particularly important. Questions regarding the establishment of an effective mechanism for the distribution of powers between judicial bodies regarding consideration of certain categories of cases are actively discussed by scientists and legal practitioners. The provisions of the current procedural legislation regarding the delimitation of sub-departments (jurisdictions) need improvement. The circle of disputes under the jurisdiction of commercial courts is gradually narrowing, which calls into question the expediency of preserving the entire system of commercial courts in Ukraine. The purpose. The purpose of the study is to conduct an analysis of the jurisdiction of the economic courts of Ukraine. The article analyzes the content of Clause 1 Part 1 of Art. 20 of the Code оf Commercial Procedure of Ukraine. An assessment of the existing doctrinal approaches, legal positions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, the Supreme Court of Ukraine, the Higher Commercial Court of Ukraine, as well as other higher specialized courts of Ukraine regarding recommendations and clarifications on the issues of determining the competence of courts regarding consideration of economic cases were given. Results. The conclusion is substantiated, according to which there is quite objectively a tendency towards a gradual narrowing of the range of cases subordinated to commercial courts, which endangers the existence of the entire system of commercial courts of Ukraine. Discussion. In further scientific research, it is assumed that attention will be focused on the issue of demarcation of the jurisdiction of economic and administrative courts in consideration of land disputes.
ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL STATUS OF JUDICIAL BODIES AS SUBJECTS OF PROTECTION OF THE RIGHTS OF CITIZENS TO A SAFE ENVIRONMENT FOR LIFE AND HEALTH IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Kostiuk Uliana
Published: December 2022

The article analyzes the administrative and legal status of judicial bodies as subjects of protection of citizens' right to an environment safe for life and health in Ukraine. Particular attention is devoted to the definition of the constituent elements of this status, its characteristic features. It was established that the administrative-legal status of judicial bodies as subjects of protection of the right of citizens to an environment safe for life and health in Ukraine is a set of administrative-legal features that determine the place of judicial bodies in the system of environmental legal relations, determine the target, organizational, competent the ability to implement the protection of the citizens' right to an environment safe for life and health is a reflection of his rights, duties, guarantees of activities regarding the protection of citizens' environmental rights. The peculiarities and structure of the legal personality of judicial bodies as subjects of protection of the right of citizens to an environment safe for life and health in Ukraine are determined. The competence of judicial bodies as subjects of protection of the right of citizens to an environment safe for life and health in Ukraine is characterized. It was established that it transforms the rights and responsibilities of these institutional entities into a coherent system determined by sub-department, target orientation of the main tasks, organizational structure, etc. As a result, the ability and readiness to exercise human rights influence in order to protect the right of citizens to an environment safe for life and health is formed. It was established that all elements of this status in their interaction form the state-guaranteed ability and readiness of judicial institutions to prevent and stop illegal activities aimed at violating the right of citizens to an environment safe for life and health in Ukraine. Special attention is devoted to guarantees of the activity of courts as subjects of protection of the right of citizens to an environment safe for life and health. It is substantiated that the calculation of the specifics of court cases related to the protection of the right to an environment safe for life and health prompted individual states to form a system of environmental courts.
SOME ISSUES OF THE MENS REA OF THE PROVOCATION OF A CRIME IN THE CRIMINAL LAW OF GEORGIA
Authors:   Caucasus International University, Giorgidze Alexander
Published: December 2022

The article will consider the issues of the mens rea of the provocation of a crime. In particular, in what form of intent it is possible to commit a provocation of a crime, what subjective attitude a provocateur may have to a provoked offense, and also to what extent a provoked offense can be imputed to a provocateur and in what form of mens rea (intention or negligence) he/she can act on in relation to the provoked offence. How at such a moment should the actions of a provocateur be qualified - as cumulative crimes or only as a provocation of a crime? This question is especially interesting in the case of direct intent on the part of the provocateur to complete the provoked offense. If an action can be regarded as cumulative crimes, then in this case the provocateur acts as a principal or accomplice? These issues are debatable in the theory of criminal law of Georgia, so it will be interesting to dwell on them.
FEATURES AND FUNCTIONAL PURPOSE OF THE COMPONENTS MECHANISM OF ADMINISTRATIVE-LEGAL REGULATION
Authors:   Nizhyn Mykola Gogol State University, Horodetska Iryna
Published: December 2022

This article is devoted to highlighting of the features and functional purpose of the main constituent parts (elements) of the mechanism of administrative-legal regulation of social relations, namely administrative-legal norms, administrative-legal relations, acts of implementation of legal norms. It is emphasized that the main and necessary component of the mechanism of administrative and legal regulation are administrative and legal norms, which, performing their regulatory functions in the process of regulating social relations, act as a means of functioning of administrative and legal regulation of these relations. In the mechanism of administrative-legal regulation, administrative legal relations have the following features: they are the main means of ensuring the functioning of administrative-legal norms; administrative legal relations, establishing the specific behavior of subjects in the form of rights and legal obligations in the process of state (public) management, the application of measures of administrative coercion, including administrative responsibility, act as an instrument of legal influence on social relations and a mandatory means of the mechanism administrative and legal regulation; their character is determined by the goal of administrative and legal regulation, which correlates with the specific goal of legal regulation in a certain field. An obligatory element (structural component) of the mechanism of administrative and legal regulation, which reflects the main content of the final stage of the process of this regulation, are the acts of realization of rights and obligations, which should be understood as the actual (real) effective behavior (active or passive) of the participants of these relations that correspond to the provisions established in the law (the will of law-making subjects). The implementation of administrative and legal norms that regulate social relations is manifested in three direct forms - compliance (observance), use and execution, which are manifested, respectively, in the implementation of «prohibitive», «authorizing» («permissive») and «obligatory» legal norms and in a special form - application, the specific features of which distinguish it from other forms of implementation.