bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Historical Overview of AI Adoption in Libraries
Authors: Jayavadivel R. , Arunachalam Mohanraj , Nagarajan G. , Prabhu Shankar B. , Viji C. , Rajkumar N. , Senthilkumar K. R.
Published: April 2024

The objectives of this study are to attract attention to the ethical dimensions related to those technological improvements and propose tips for accountable AI integration. Moreover, the research identifies key challenges faced by libraries at some point in numerous stages of AI adoption, which include financial constraints, technological obstacles, and the need for continuous staff training. It additionally sheds light on the function of professional groups, policymakers, and the wider statistics community in shaping the trajectory of AI integration in libraries. In the end, this comprehensive historical assessment contributes to the growing body of expertise on the intersection of AI and libraries. Through synthesizing historical trends and training, the paper affords valuable insights for librarians, researchers, and policymakers, facilitating a deeper knowledge of the dynamic relationship between libraries and AI technologies.
Enhancing Library Services Through Optimization Algorithms and Data Analytics
Authors: Sivaraj Priyadharsini , Madhan V. , Mallika V. , Senthilkumar K. R.
Published: April 2024

In order to transform libraries into dynamic information centers and transform conventional services in the digital era, this investigation explores the synergistic combination of optimization algorithms and data analytics. Libraries may improve their operational efficiency, streamline resource allocation, and respond to changing user needs by utilizing mathematical optimization. With its foundation in user insights, data analytics enables libraries to customize services to meet the requirements of a wide range of users, make well-informed choices, and create personalized experiences. The cooperative strategy combines data analytics and optimization algorithms to produce customized book suggestions, effective resource distribution via queuing systems, and trend detection in library collections. Ethical factors emphasize the need for appropriate data handling, particularly the preservation of privacy through methods like differential privacy.
Stormy Minds and the Long-Term Mental Health Impact of Climate-Linked Natural Disasters
Authors: Rajendran Rajesh Kanna , Mohana Priya T. , Jose Deepa V. , Vennira Selvi G. , Poorana Senthilkumar S. , Mahalakshmi S. B.
Published: April 2024

This chapter delves into the enduring psychological ramifications stemming from climate-linked natural disasters, encapsulated in the term “Stormy Minds.” As our planet grapples with an escalating frequency of such events, understanding the protracted effects on mental health becomes imperative. This abstract provides an insightful overview of the research, focusing on the intricate interplay between climate-induced disasters and the long-term well-being of individuals. Drawing on interdisciplinary perspectives, the study explores the psychological dimensions of enduring stress, anxiety, and trauma caused by these disasters. By assessing and documenting the persistent mental health impact, the research aims to contribute valuable insights for policymakers, mental health professionals, and communities striving to build resilience in the face of an increasingly turbulent climate.
A Study on Character Strengths and Environmental Ethics Among the Youth of Tamil Nadu as Trailblazers of Climate Change Warriors
Authors: Joshi Ruchi , Kasi Abilash
Published: April 2024

Climate change is one of the most concerning modern-day issues. The answer to whether industrialization, urbanization, and technical progress have improved our quality of life is susceptible to prejudiced and subjective perspectives, but they have harmed nature can be established with certainty. The study was done among a varied sample of college students in Tamil Nadu, India, and investigated the subtle interaction of socio-demographic characteristics, gender, character traits, and their impact on mental health, moral character, and environmental ethics. The study employs a correlational research design that makes use of self-report measurements such as the Environmental Ethics Scale (EES) and the Global Assessment of Character Strength Scale (GACS). Semi-structured interviews are used to acquire qualitative insights into participants' thoughts on climate change and potential solutions. The findings show a strong relationship between EES and GACS. The findings also emphasize the importance of socio-demographic characteristics including area, family structure, and socioeconomic level in establishing environmental values, underlining the need of taking cultural and economic issues into account when interpreting study findings and devising solutions. Finally, research advances our understanding of the complex relationships between socio-demographic factors, gender, mental health, personality traits, and environmental ethics, emphasizing the need for tailored interventions that take into account the unique needs and characteristics of various subgroups.
Challenges in Scientific Research in CIT Programs in Kosovo
Authors: Gashi Linor
Published: April 2024

This proposal seeks to evaluate the level of the programs of Computer Information Technology (CIT) in Kosovo to the standards set by the Kosovo Accreditation Agency. During the evaluation, it will include scientific research reports in the CIT programs and the reports of accreditation, in which aim will be to evaluate strengths and weaknesses and to suggest areas in which improvements can be made in this field of study. Access to confidential data in institutions is a challenge. The study is significant since it provides insights into the way to improve the quality of CIT education. In addition, the paper indicates how jobs linked to the CIT sector would enhance environmental conservation and climate change mitigation, as well as mental health through job creation.
Innovative Strategies for Urban Construction Optimization in the IoT Era
Authors: Bahl Adhish , Kandpal Sanjay , Rajendran Rajesh Kanna
Published: April 2024

This abstract explores the urgent need for creative techniques to improve urban building via the lens of the Internet of Things (IoT), which is becoming increasingly prevalent in the context of broad use of IoT technologies. The Internet of Things (IoT) solutions are becoming more widespread in urban areas, which has resulted in an increase in the demand for innovative tactics that may successfully exploit technology breakthroughs in urban development. In this article, both the opportunities and the difficulties that have arisen as a result of the Internet of Things age are discussed, with a special focus placed on the necessity of rethinking the conventional paradigms that have been used in urban planning. Through the examination of cutting-edge methodology and case studies, the purpose of this article is to shed light on how cities might utilize Internet of Things technology to improve the efficiency of their infrastructure, the distribution of resources, and the delivery of public services. The core of this study is a comprehensive investigation of the dynamics of urban population and public infrastructure, which provides urban planners and policymakers with insights that can be put into a practical application. When it comes to handling the challenges of modern urbanization, these results will show to be quite beneficial in this era of the Internet of Things.
Effects of Lithium Salt on Optical and Structural Properties of ZnO Thin Films
Authors: Nunes Vanja Fontenele , Almeida Ana Fabiola Leite , Freire Francisco Nivaldo Aguiar
Published: April 2024

Thin film semiconductors are broadly applied in optical and energy conversion devices. Some thin films comprise titanium dioxide, tin oxide, and zinc oxide. The characteristics of the thin films can be changed according to their application. Zinc oxide semiconductors thin films were combined with different concentrations of LiClO4, varying between 5 and 15% weight percentage. This study aimed to qualify and quantify the morphological, structure, and optical changes in ZnO affected by the presence of lithium salt in the microstructure. The x-ray measurements demonstrated larger polycrystalline sizes, a maximum of 57.53 nm. The band gap energy values lowered to 3.16 eV, lower than the usual 3.37 eV, and reflectance values reached 80%.
Investigation of Fatigue Life by Four Point Bending Test of Recycled Asphalt Pavements
Authors: Korzay Burak , Aksoy Atakan , Tekin Mehmet Emre
Published: April 2024

The performance of added 50% reclaimed asphalt (RAP) mixtures was investigated by four-point bending fatigue tests (FPBT). Mixtures with 50% RAP were modified with SBS polymer, diatomite (D) and hydrated lime (HL). Ten specimens were produced and fatigue of specimens was evaluated with FPBT. Some samples give the fatigue breaking cycle compatible with each other. In some samples, the number of cycles is much higher than the average breaking load. Some samples may deteriorate in a short time before the end of test. Although the briquettes are mixed homogeneously for longer mixing times and produced with great care, inconsistent results can be obtained. If water damage is applied to briquettes due to the presence of HL, more compatible results can be obtained. The use of SBS-HL and rejuvenating oil at high RAP ratios will provide more compatible results. As a result of 50% stiffness reduction, the difference in the remaining stiffness values is usually 2-3 times, while there are huge differences between the cycle numbers that cause this. In terms of sustainable and long-term performance, the homogeneity of the pavement composition appears to be essential, having a much more pronounced effect than the number of loadings.
Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Inorganic Micro/Nanomaterial Additives on Polyaniline Based NH3 Gas Sensor Performance
Authors: Dessie Bantalem Yitayew , Panjiar Himanshu , Daniel Brainerd S.S.
Published: April 2024

Nowadays conducting polymer based nanocomposites become promising materials for various field of applications like energy harvesting, electronics, and gas sensing devices. This work focuses on the meta-analysis of the effect of different inorganic micro/nano-material additives on polyaniline (PAni) based nanocomposite for ammonia (NH3) gas sensor application at room temperature. The considered NH3 sensors performance parameters are sensitivity, limit of detection (LOD), response time, and recovery time. These parameters show a significant change when inorganic materials like graphene, metal oxides and ternary hybrid materials are mixed with PAni as compared to pure PAni due to the synergetic effect of the micro/nano hybrid combination. The changes in the sensitivity, LOD, response time, and recovery time are elaborated by considering different inorganic micro/nano-material additives in PAni in the framework of pure PAni as a reference point. It is found from analysis that a micro/nano additive in the PAni matrix serve as catalyst and create more active sites in the system, which improves the sensitivity in the range of 23-130 times and LOD is highly reduced by 10-1 to 10-3 order when compared with the sensitivity and LOD of pure PAni. Hence these additives in PAni-based nanocomposite are very crucial and make nanocomposite cost-effective compared to conventional NH3 gas sensors while working at room temperature.
Synthesis of 2D-Material(G,GO,rGO,h-BN)-Magnetic(Fe,Fe3O4)Nanocomposites
Authors: Chkhartishvili Levan , Makatsaria Shio , Barbakadze Natia , Tsagareishvili Otar , Batsikadze Tamaz , Kekutia Shalva , Mikelashvili Vladimer , Davitadze Ketevan , Minashvili Tamaz , Japaridze Maia , Stephanishvili Maia , Chedia Roin
Published: April 2024

For the purpose of synthesizing 2D-Material–Magnetic nanocomposites, several new modifications of existing 2D-materials synthesis methods by exfoliation and chemical synthesis from liquid charge are developed. Using them, graphene (G), graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) matrix magnetic nanocomposites for the first time are obtained by coating or intercalation their nanoparticles with ferromagnetic iron (Fe) or ferrimagnetic iron oxide – magnetite (Fe3O4). These materials are prospective for variety of high tech applications. In particular, h-BN–Fe3O4 composite nanoparticles can serve for neutron-capturing boron isotope 10B effective delivery agents in BNCT (Boron Neutron Capture Therapy) of cancer as they allow the controlling by an external magnetic field targeting to tumor tissue.
Master S-N Curve Fatigue Life Prediction of a Railroad Car Bogie Based on Mesh Insensitive Structural Stress Method
Authors: Türe Süleyman , Mugan Ata
Published: April 2024

Fatigue life prediction of a welded structure is a complex phenomenon due to the nature of fatigue and the welding process. Additionally, Finite Element Method (FEM) results are extremely sensitive to the size of elements. Therefore, it is difficult to adopt a method to estimate the fatigue life, especially for welded structures. Besides, mesh size independence is a critical issue to perform fatigue life prediction methods that eliminates the need for excessive element numbers in the mesh. This paper investigates the Master S-N Curve Approach (MCA) using the output parameters of the mesh insensitive Structural Stress Method (SSM). MCA based on SSM employs structural stresses recovered from nodal forces and nodal moments. To recover these inputs, FEM model should be established properly. Thus, boundary conditions and applied loads were prepared for the model according to the BS EN 13749:2021. The submodeling technique in ANSYS software was used to analyze the bogie structure. To justify the mesh independence for the model, different mesh sizes were tested. In a specific range for shell bodies, SSM was shown to provide sufficient mesh independence feature. Furthermore, MCA was compared with Hot Spot Stress Method and Nominal Stress Method based on their fatigue life estimations.
Low Temperature Chemical Synthesis and Investigation of Cadmium Substituted of Structural Properties of Cobalt Nano Ferrites
Authors: Kashid Priyanka , Mathad S.N. , Shedam Mahadev R. , Shedam Rakesh R.
Published: April 2024

This article presents, the systematic and successful preparation of cadmium substituted cobalt ferrite (Co1-xCdxFe2O4) nanoparticles via simple co-precipitation method. X-ray diffraction study confirmed the prepared ferrite nanoparticles were crystallized with a mono phase cubic spinel structure of Fd3m space group. The average crystallite size (Dxrd) was increased with Cd doping content, due to the replacement of Co2+ ions by Cd2+ ions. XRD pattern revealed the high intense peak corresponds to (311) lattice plane and confirmed the formation of cubic structure ferrite nanoparticles. Morphological study was done by using SEM images. The grain size found to be increased with Cd concentration and it reaches the highest of around 0.9μm for Co0.52Cd0.48Fe2O4 composition. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy of prepared samples was recorded in the range of 1000-350 cm-1, confirmed the spinel structure.
Design and Development of an Autonomous Multi-Functional Hexacopter Drone
Authors: Hasan Kazi Mahmud , Ahsan Md. Shamim , Hasan Md. Tariq , Hossain Md. Mahbub , Maniruzzaman Md.
Published: April 2024

This paper demonstrates the design and fabrication of an autonomous multi-functional hexacopter drone. The proposed drone can spray liquid pesticides at a rate of 1 liter/minute using a high-speed automatic pesticides sprayer integrated with the drone. For surveillance application, a high-definition camera and a video transmitter have been included with the drone that can capture and transmit real-time video of any desired trajectory. We also utilized the captured images for ortho-photography. The hexacopter drone can fly at a maximum velocity of 36 kilometer/hour with a maximum altitude of 200 meters. The maximum range of the drone is approximately 2 kilometers, whereas the maximum endurance of the drone is ~ 25 minutes when flying at an altitude of 10 meters. The empty weight and payload capacity of the drone are 5.0 kg and 4.4 kg. The flying path of the drone is autonomously controlled from the ground control station. In addition, the drone can be manually controlled by means of a remote controller. The production cost of the drone is just within 1,600 $. The developed autonomous multi-functional hexacopter drone is suitable for wide range of commercial applications including agricultural, surveillance & monitoring, and aerial shooting.
Visual Renovation of Cultural Heritage Buildings through Advanced Construction Materials - 2D-Printed Protective Cladding on Facade Scaffolds
Authors: Tepeliev Ventsislav Minchev
Published: April 2024

Industry 4.0 has created models of thinking in education, which focus on developing skills through digital creative learning. This is increasingly being applied to the solution of multidisciplinary problems of great importance to societies. The preservation of Bulgaria's cultural heritage is a task that requires such approach. This paper proposes to combine technical experience with technological advancements and, as a result, to cater for elements of the life cycle of heritage buildings and cultural monuments that are at risk.
Vocal resonance: a narrative review
Authors: Sarkar Malay , Madabhavi Irappa
Published: April 2024

Physical examination is an important ritual of bedside medicine that establishes a strong bond between the patient and the physician. It provides practice to acquire important diagnostic skills. A poorly executed bedside examination may result in the wrong diagnosis and adverse outcomes. However, the ritual of obtaining a patient’s history and performing a good clinical examination is declining globally. Even the quality of clinical examination skills is declining. One reason may be the short time spent by physicians at the bedside of patients. In addition, due to the substantial technological advancement, physicians often rely more on technology and consider clinical examinations less relevant. In resource-limited settings, thorough history-taking and physical examinations should always be prioritized. An important aspect of respiratory auscultation is the auscultation over the chest wall to detect abnormalities in the transmission of voice-generated sounds, which may provide an important diagnostic clue. Laënnec originally described in detail three types of voice-generated sounds and named them bronchophonism, pectoriloquism, and egophonism. Subsequently, they are known as bronchophony, whispering pectoriloquy, and egophony. A recent variant of egophony is “E-to-A” changes. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the CINAHL from inception to March 2018. We used the following search terms: vocal resonance, bronchophony, egophony, whispering pectoriloquy, auscultation, etc. All types of studies were chosen. This review will narrate the physics of sound waves, the types of vocal resonance, the mechanisms of vocal resonance, the methods to elicit them, and the accuracy of vocal resonance.
Successful surgical management of cardiac tamponade following direct intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in a child with Budd–Chiari syndrome: A potentially life-threatening situation
Authors: Mishra Anand Kumar , Mandal Meenakshi , Mohamed Irshad R. , Lal Sadhna , Bhujade Harish
Published: April 2024

Direct intrahepatic portosystemic shunt is a technique of portocaval shunting performed through the percutaneous route in patients with Budd–Chiari syndrome. Stent migration into right-sided heart chambers or perforations causing hemopericardium and cardiac tamponade is rare and underreported. In a child with a coexisting decompensated liver disease, surgical intervention and cardiopulmonary bypass can be challenging. However, surgical management in these life-threatening situations is better than redo interventions.
Double left atrial appendage: A diagnostic dilemma
Authors: Dutta Nilanjan , Das Debasis , Chakraborty Unmesh , Das Shubhadeep , Sharma Manish Kumar , Gajpal Shivani , Chattopadhyay Amitabha , Ghosh Sanjiban , Das Jayita Nandy
Published: April 2024

We report a unique intraoperative finding of an additional double left atrial appendage (LAA) during an arterial switch operation with ventricular septal defect closure in a 4-month-old girl. Immediately after the procedure, a prolapsing mass within the left atrium (LA) on the transesophageal echocardiogram raised concerns of a possible thrombus. The LAA was clearly visible with a pressure monitoring line which was put intraoperatively. To investigate further, cardiopulmonary bypass was resumed, and the heart was arrested and explored. There was an appendage-like structure, separate from the one that had the pressure monitoring line, which was inverted inside. It was pulled out from outside clearly establishing a double LAA. This report illustrates an example of a diagnostic dilemma caused by a double atrial appendage which was invaginated into LA masquerading as a mass or thrombus.
An alternate technique of performing total cavopulmonary connection without cardiopulmonary bypass
Authors: Talwar Sachin , Tiwari Anjali , Sengupta Sanjoy , Choudhury Arindam , Satsangi Amitabh , Choudhary Shiv Kumar
Published: April 2024

Total cavopulmonary connection (Fontan) without using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) may be superior to Fontan on CPB. In the experience of many, a Fontan operation without CPB may be associated with a reduced need for inotropic support, improved outcomes in the postoperative phase including faster time to termination of mechanical ventilatory support, reduced intensive care unit stay, lower volume of pleural and peritoneal effusions, and decreased hospital stay, thereby rendering it more cost-effective. However, the operation is technically more difficult to perform than Fontan on CPB and requires significant modifications of surgical technique and alteration in overall management strategy. In this article, an alternative technique of performing total cavopulmonary connection without CPB is described. Its advantages are briefly discussed.
SIGIRR gene variants in term newborns with congenital heart defects and necrotizing enterocolitis
Authors: Zaikova Ekaterina Konstantinovna , Kaplina Aleksandra Vladimirovna , Petrova Natalia Aleksandrovna , Pervunina Tatiana Mikhailovna , Kostareva Anna Aleksandrovna , Kalinina Olga Viktorovna
Published: April 2024

Background:

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a common gastrointestinal emergency among neonates which is characterized by acute intestinal inflammation and necrosis. The main risk factors for NEC are prematurity, low birth weight, and some preexisting health conditions such as congenital heart defects (CHDs). Investigation of the potential genetic predisposition to NEC is a promising approach that might provide new insights into its pathogenesis. One of the most important proteins that play a significant role in the pathogenesis of NEC is Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) which recognizes lipopolysaccharide found in Gram-negative bacteria. In intestinal epithelial cells, a protein encoded by the SIGIRR gene is a major inhibitor of TLR4 signaling. A few SIGIRR variants, including rare p.Y168X and p.S80Y, have already been identified in preterm infants with NEC, but their pathogenic significance remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the spectrum of SIGIRR genetic variants in term newborns with CHD and to assess their potential association with NEC.

Methods and Results:

A total of 93 term newborns with critical CHD were enrolled in this study, 33 of them developed NEC. SIGIRR genetic variants were determined by Sanger sequencing of all exons. In total, eight SIGIRR genetic variants were identified, two of which were found only in newborns with NEC (P = 0.12). The rare missense p.S80Y (rs117739035) variant in exon 4 was found in two infants with NEC stage IIA. Two infants with NEC stage III and stage IB carried a novel duplication c. 102_121dup (rs552367848) variant in exon 10 that has not been previously associated with any clinical phenotype.

Conclusions:

The presence of both variants only in neonates who developed NEC, together with earlier published data, may suggest their potential contribution to the risk of developing NEC in term infants with CHD and allow planning larger cohort studies to clarify their relevance.
Katz-Wachtel phenomenon in an adult with dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Bhasin Dinkar , Agarwal Ayush , Sharma Yash Paul , Sharma Arun , Ghosh Soumitra
Published: April 2024

Katz-Wachtel phenomenon is an electrocardiogram (ECG) sign demonstrating large equiphasic precordial QRS complexes indicative of biventricular hypertrophy. This sign is most commonly seen in children with congenital heart disease and is rarely described in adults. We report a case where this ECG sign was noted in an adult with dilated cardiomyopathy and discuss the possible mechanisms for this unusual finding.
Antimicrobial efficacy of newly prepared nano-tricalcium silicate-58s bioactive glass-based endodontic sealer
Authors: Al-Sabawi Nawal Atiya , Al-Jubori Sawsan Hameed
Published: April 2024

Objectives:

Endodontic sealers with antimicrobial impact are considered relevant to prevent re-infection and ensure healing of damaged periapical tissue. Hence, this study aimed to assist the antimicrobial effect of newly developed nano-tricalcium silicate-58s bioactive glass (BG)-based endodontic sealer (C3S-BG-P), and compare its results with Nishika Canal Sealer BG and BioRoot™ root canal sealer (RCS).

Materials and Methods:

The antimicrobial impact of endodontic sealers was evaluated by both agar diffusion test (ADT) and direct contact test (DCT) against Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans. In ADT, the diameter of inhibition zones was measured after 1, 2, and 3 days of incubation using Digimizer software program. In DCT, the sealers were allowed to set for 1, 7, and 14 days and then exposed to the microbial suspension for 24 h. The colony-forming unit was counted using ImageJ software program. The data were analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey’s tests.

Results:

In ADT, all the tested sealers showed antimicrobial effect after 3 days, with no significant difference after 1 day, but the impact of C3S-BG-P and Nishika significantly higher than that of BioRoot after 2 and 3 days. In DCT, C3S-BG-P and Nishika had an antimicrobial effect against both isolates even after 14 days of their setting, whereas BioRoot had an effect for 7 days of its setting and lost its impact after 14 days.

Conclusions:

C3S-BG-P explored antimicrobial impact superior to that of BioRoot and nearly comparable to that of Nishika against E. faecalis and C. albicans, which last even after 14 days of its setting.
Exploring dentists’ preferences for post-endodontic restorations in India: A questionnaire based study
Authors: Singh Reetika , Gupta Sachin , Nikhil Vineeta , Jaiswal Shikha
Published: April 2024

Aim:

This study aimed to investigate the selection of postendodontic restorative materials and techniques for both anterior and posterior teeth by Indian endodontists and nonendodontists, along with other influencing factors.

Methods:

A total of 700 dentists, including both endodontists and nonendodontists, participated in this survey. The survey consisted of 22 questions and was administered through Google Forms and various online platforms. Participants were required to provide informed consent before completing the questionnaire.

Results:

The majority of endodontists (80.3%) and nonendodontists (72.6%) revealed a preference for resin composite as the primary restorative material for postendodontic restoration. Approximately half of the endodontists (50.0%) and 67.8% of nonendodontists typically waited for 1 week before proceeding with postendodontic restoration, with the presence of periapical lesions being the most common reason for this delay. Both endodontists (81.7%) and nonendodontists (73.4%) considered the amount of remaining tooth structure as the most crucial factor in guiding their choice of postendodontic restoration. The majority of both endodontists (75.3%) and nonendodontists (81.4%) preferred full-coverage crowns as the definitive postendodontic restoration. Furthermore, endodontists (95.4%) and nonendodontists (85.5%) reported that they only performed post and core restoration when necessary, and 84.7% of endodontists and 76.5% of nonendodontists believed that post and core restorations aided in supporting crowns.

Conclusion:

The outcomes of the survey imply that while endodontists in India demonstrate a more comprehensive comprehension of postendodontic restoration concepts, nonendodontists also exhibit a sufficient level of understanding essential for achieving clinical success.
Nagpur technique (triple wedge technique) for cleft lip repair in the first plastic surgery department of India: Principle and its evolution
Authors: Patil Surendrakumar B. , Gupta Neha
Published: April 2024

Background:

Cleft lip chelioplasty can be approached with a wide array of different techniques. The ultimate goal of all techniques is to restore sphincter competence and aesthetically favorable outcome. Dr.C. Balakrishnan of Government medical college,Nagpur devised an original triple wedge technique,a form of three triangular flap,that was evolved independently of the triangular flap technique. Unfortunately he did not publish his technique,even today many of his 4th and 5th generation trainees perform triple wedge technique for cleft lip repair.[1-3] The history of cleft lip repair in Nagpur and it’s growth can not be dissociated from modern plastic surgery in India by the father of modern plastic surgery in India Dr. C.Balakrishnan himself,who established the first department of plastic surgery in India at GMC Nagpur,credited it with a new classification of cleft lip and palate, a new technique of cleft lip repair and propagated the principles of comprehensive cleft care. In our institute triple wedge repair for cleft lip is the repair of choice since 1950, although many modifications have been done in original technique since then. I was trained in KEM hospital,Mumbai and learned Millard’s repair there. After coming to Nagpur,I joined the department as lecturer under respected Dr S.M. Kale sir and I got the opportunity to learn triple wedge technique from him. Over the last 20 years I have added few modifications like changing the orientation of triangles,using the mucosal element for anterior palate repair which used to be discarded in original triple wedge technique and primary rhinoplasty.

Aims and Objectives:

In this original article we are describing the original triple wedge technique invented by father of modern plastic surgery in India Dr.C. Balakrishnan 2 and its evolution since then in the first department of plastic surgery in India.

Materials and Methods:

Patients operated in last 50 years at Government Medical college,Nagpur and data available in department.

Results:

Early and late postoperative pictures showing result of the technique.

Conclusion:

The purpose of this article is illuminating unpublished work of legend of plastic surgery in India Dr. C. Balakrishnan.
The effect of collagen matrix graft on palatal fistula formation after cleft palate repair: A preliminary randomized controlled study
Authors: Egbunah Uchenna Patrick , Zhu Yaner Tracy , Hauri Dimitri D. , Ratz Tiara , Thor Andreas Lennart Ivan
Published: April 2024

Objective:

The objective of this study was to compare the incidence of palatal fistula formation between cleft palate (CP) repair with collagen matrix graft and conventional repair without collagen matrix graft.

Patients and Methods:

This was a preliminary randomized controlled study of patients with CP who underwent primary palatoplasty (two-flap palatoplasty technique) at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital. Patients were randomly allocated to either the test group (palatoplasty with collagen graft) or the control group (palatoplasty without collagen graft). The primary outcome was palatal fistula, and secondary outcomes were wound dehiscence, surgical site inflammation, surgical site infection, and surgeon satisfaction up to 3 months postoperative (PO).

Results:

Ten patients were recruited, five in each group. Only one patient in the control group developed a palatal fistula at 1 month PO on the soft palate which extended to the junction of hard and soft palate at 3 months PO. Eight patients developed wound dehiscence, five in the test group and three in the control group. Surgical site inflammation persisted up to at least 7 days PO in nine patients (five in the test group and four in the control group). All persistent wound dehiscence and surgical site inflammation resolved at 3 months PO. No patient developed surgical site infection. No significant difference was seen between the study group and wound dehiscence, surgery time, and difficulty of the procedure (P > 0.05 for all associations).

Conclusion:

Collagen graft may have a protective effect against fistula formation without significantly increasing surgery time and difficulty. However, due to the small sample size, the study failed to draw definite conclusions. Results from this study may inform future designs of larger randomized controlled studies.
A novel technique myomucosal rotational upper lip flap for anterior palatal fistula closure
Authors: Solano Nicolas , Carcelén Francisco , Oropeza Rafael , López Patricia
Published: April 2024

Palatal fistulas are a pathological condition where there is a connection between the nasal area and the oral cavity, being one of the most frequent complications in cleft palate surgery. Palatal fistulas can cause esthetic defects and functional alterations in both feeding and speech of patients. Anterior palatal fistulas are the least common but represent a great surgical challenge for the surgeon because of their location and poor amount of tissue for closure. The purpose of this article is to present a novel technique of performing an upper lip myomucosal rotation flap for the closure of an anterior fistula, taking advantage of the labial tissue for a tension-free suture in the area of the fistula. Our technique allowed an adequate management of the fistula with low morbidity and without flap necrosis, proposing it as a useful technique for the closure of anterior fistulas.
Thurston syndrome in two Indian female siblings
Authors: Samuel Samson , Parab Shrikrishna , Sharma Sunil , Kumar Chandan
Published: April 2024

Thurston syndrome (oral-facial-digital syndromes [OFDS] Type V) is characterized by median cleft lip, postaxial polydactyly of hands and feet, and other oral manifestations. It is one of the OFDS described earlier in the literature. It is commonly seen in individuals of Indian origin and has autosomal recessive inheritance. This article presents two Indian female siblings with median upper lip cleft associated with postaxial hexadactyly of both hands. Rarely have such cases been reported by any author. Majority of the previously reported cases are males. This is the first case report of female siblings with Thurston syndrome.
Integrating Metaheuristics and Two-Tiered Classification for Enhanced Fake News Detection with Feature Optimization
Authors: Narang Poonam , Singh Ajay Vikram , Monga Himanshu
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION: The challenge of distributing false information continues despite the significant impact of social media on opinions. The suggested framework, which is a metaheuristic method, is presented in this research to detect bogus news. Employing a hybrid metaheuristic RDAVA methodology coupled with Bi-LSTM, the method leverages African Vulture Optimizer and Red Deer Optimizer.OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of the suggested model in identifying false material on social media by employing social network analysis tools to combat disinformation.METHODS: Employing the data sets from BuzzFeed, FakeNewsNet, and ISOT, the suggested model is implemented on the MATLAB Platform and acquires high accuracy rates of 97% on FakeNewsNet and 98% on BuzzFeed and ISOT. A comparative study with current models demonstrates its superiority.RESULTS: Outperforming previous models with 98% and 97% accuracy on BuzzFeed/ISOT and FakeNewsNet, respectively, the suggested model shows remarkable performance.CONCLUSION: The proposed strategy shows promise in addressing the problem of false information on social media in the modern day by effectively countering fake news. Its incorporation of social network analysis methods and metaheuristic methodologies makes it a powerful instrument for identifying false news.
Minimum Requirements for Road Geometry and Attributes Definition™ SET File
Authors:   V2X Core Technical Committee
Published: April 2024

SAE J2945/A and this Abstract Syntax Notation (ASN.1) file precisely define the structure of the data used to implement applications conformant to the Recommended Practice. Using the ASN.1 specification, a compiler tool can be used to produce encodings using encoding rules identified in J2945/A. Both this ASN.1 file and the SAE J2735 ASN.1 files are necessary to collectively implement the data structures described in the J2945/A. The combined library can be used by any receiving application (along with the additional logic of the application).

SAE J2945/A also provides recommendations for the interface for sending and receiving Road Geometry and Attributes (RGA) messages. It provides the information necessary to build interoperable applications that rely on RGA messages.
Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus, fetal and maternal outcomes of parturients with risk factors versus parturients without risk factors for gestational diabetes mellitus: A preliminary analysis of the comparative study of blood sugar levels at a
Authors: Omo-Aghoja L.O. , Onohwakpor E.A. , Adeyinka A.T. , Asaboro N. , Lucky Oyeye
Published: April 2024

Background: Typically asymptomatic, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been associated with myriads of maternal and fetal complications and has been shown to predict morbidity in both mother and the newborn much later in life. The incidence of these complications in GDM has been strongly associated with a maternal glycemic level. As a generalization, the degree of maternal hyperglycemia dictates the fetal outcome.

Methods: This study was a prospective cohort analytical observational study of blood glucose levels amongst two cohorts of women who attended antenatal care at the obstetric unit of Delta State University Teaching Hospital, Oghara.

Results: The prevalence of GDM was 31.3% and 9.4%, respectively, for cases and controls. The difference in prevalence and glycemic control was statistically significant. The subjects were recruited based on a positive history of - previously haven had macrosomic babies, maternal weight greater than 90kg, unexplained intrauterine fetal death/stillbirth, fasting glycosuria, and the presence of a family history of GDM in first-degree relatives. Interventional deliveries and maternal and fetal complications were statistically significantly higher in cases than in controls.

Discussion: The prevalence of GDM in cases was significantly higher than in the controls; this seems to have given some credence to the fact that the risk factors based on which the patients were recruited may indeed be predictive of the risk of developing GDM in the pregnant parturients in Delta State Nigeria.
Clinical attributes, histopathological characteristics and surgical outcomes of endometrial cancers at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital in Nigeria
Authors: Ezeanochie M.C. , Nweke V.C. , Isikhuemen Me , Okonkwo C.A.
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Endometrial cancer is probably the third commonest gynaecological cancer in sub-Saharan Africa. It occurs more commonly in the post-menopausal women. This research aims to document the clinical profile, histopathological types and survival rate of endometrial cancer patients with a view to improving care in our setting.

Materials and methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study of women with endometrial cancer who had surgery from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2017. Case notes of patients satisfying the inclusion criteria were retrieved and relevant information extracted. The statistical analysis were done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences(SPSS) version 22.

Results: Thirty-three cases of endometrial cancer patients were reviewed. The mean age at presentation was 54.3+8years About half of the patients (45.5%) were hypertensive while 21.2% were diabetic. Twenty nine (87.9%) patients presented with abnormal uterine bleeding. All patients had total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (TAH+BSO). Endometrial adenocarcinoma accounted for the majority of the histopathological type. One year survival following surgery was 97%.

Conclusion: When performed for early stage Endometrial cancer, TAH+BSO is associated with a favourable 1 year survival.
Represión y “guerra”: el terrorismo de Estado argentino en escala comparada en el Cono Sur
Authors: Pontoriero Esteban , Franco Marina
Published: April 2024

El presente artículo estudia en la escala regional del Cono Sur el vínculo entre represión y “guerra” a partir de la forma en que se planificó y ejecutó el terrorismo de Estado en la Argentina. Las numerosas investigaciones que serán nuestro insumo principal muestran que los gobiernos militares y/o constitucionales de Argentina, pero también de Chile, Brasil y Uruguay, llevaron adelante sus acciones represivas bajo un paradigma bélico. El texto se divide en dos secciones: en la primera parte, se presentan los elementos centrales del ciclo histórico de represión y violencia política en el que se inserta el caso argentino, a la luz de los otras experiencias locales. En la segunda parte, se explora la forma en que la “guerra” se constituyó en el marco conceptual a partir del cual en la Argentina, y en los otros países estudiados, se implementó el terrorismo de Estado.
A Wagnerian Tuba-player: An Interview with Warwick Fyfe
Authors: Roycroft Madeleine
Published: April 2024

Warwick Fyfe (b. 1969) is an Australian bass-baritone and a highly regarded exponent of the Wagnerian repertoire. In 2023, Fyfe performed three cycles of the Ring in Bendigo. He was interviewed during that production.
A Re-evaluation of the Chilean Composer Carmela Mackenna Subercaseaux (1879–1962)
Authors: Arraño Constanza
Published: April 2024

Although there are numerous studies that reconstruct, from different perspectives, the history of Chilean classical music, the presence of women in this history has been scarcely documented and researched. This absence has been constant throughout different periods of Chilean history, from colonial times (sixteenth to eighteenth centuries), to the formation of the Republic in the nineteenth century, through to the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. My research aims to contribute to the visibility of women in the history of Chilean classical music by highlighting the musical work of Carmela Mackenna Subercaseaux (1879–1962), a pianist, composer, and diplomat who developed her career in Santiago and Berlin during the first half of the twentieth century. The choice of this figure was based on three reasons: first, the quality of her music, which includes some forty chamber and symphonic works written in a musical language typical of the avant-garde of the beginning of the century; second, her interpersonal links with renowned artists and politicians in Chile and abroad, both in her role as a musician and as a diplomat; and third, the different historical contexts in which she lived.
Navigating a Two-dimensional Field / across the plane
Authors: Bragg Jakob
Published: April 2024

Composing for the piano is beset by constant compromise. As a composer whose musical language is exemplified by glissandi, microtones, timbral transformation, and states of destabilisation and distortion, the piano—at least as traditionally focused upon the keyboard—invokes feelings of frustration and constriction. With the instrument’s design predicated by performance upon the keyboard, twelve-tone equal temperament, a clarity of pitch and timbre (even at extreme dynamics),1 and a uniform timbral profile, I find myself restricted to a narrow band of exploratory possibilities. This is amplified by my classical training as a pianist in which my fingers default to learnt gestures, familiar pitch structures, typical voicings, and are always drawn to the keyboard as a primary location of activity. In an attempt to divorce these learnt behaviours, open up a more exploratory compositional space, and re-work the many existing notational models that still focus upon the five-line stave, this article outlines my development of a new notational model that serves as both a scoring tool and, most crucially, a lens in which to approach and compose for the piano. The aims for this notational model include the following: • decentralising the keyboard as only a subcomponent of the entire instrument • capturing the entire body of the piano and invite exploration • allowing for manipulations to the strings, preparations, object-oriented composition, and exploration of glissandi, distortion, and timbral transformation • appearing ultimately coherent and intuitive to read. These aims will be further illustrated through my recent work, Fourteen piano transcriptions from across the plane [plain] (2023), composed specifically to explore the possibilities and limits of this notation.
Rachel Orzech. Claiming Wagner for France: Music and Politics in the Parisian Press 1933–1944 (Review)
Authors: Sprout Leslie
Published: April 2024

Book Review. Rachel Orzech’s book draws on two overlapping areas of musicological research: the French reception of Wagner from the composer’s early Paris sojourn (1839 to 1842) to the present day, and musical life in Paris during the Second World War.
Emily Wilbourne. Lesbian/Opera: Elena Kats-Chernin’s Iphis and Matricide: The Musical (Review)
Authors: Robertson Jaslyn
Published: April 2024

Book Review. Wilbourne does not only apply queer theory to an analysis of Australian composer Elena Kats-Chernin’s early operas; she queers our very understanding of opera, pushing forward a strong theoretical concept demonstrated through discussion of Kats-Chernin’s works.
A Machine Learning Approach to Predicting Academic Performance
Authors: S Sukanya  , Dr D William Albert
Published: April 2024

Academic performance prediction is an indispensable task for policymakers. Academic performance is frequently examined using classical statistical software, which can be used to detect logical connections between socioeconomic status and academic performance. These connections, whose accuracy depends on determine prediction accuracy. To eliminate the effects of logical relationships on such accuracy, machine learning models extended with education and socioeconomic data to predict academic performance. The decision tree, random forest, logistic regression, support vector machine, and neural network are used for testing. The neural network model can be used by policymakers to forecast academic performance, which in turn can aid in the formulation of various policies, such as those regarding funding and teacher selection. Finally, this study demonstrated the feasibility of machine learning as an auxiliary educational decision-making tool for use in the future.