bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Otimização de Semáforos para Tráfego Terrestre com Estratégias Evolutivas
Authors: Gomes Lucas de Carvalho , Costa Luís Henrique M. K.
Published: January 2022

A otimização de semáforos para tráfego terrestre é uma tarefa de grande relevância, dado que a ocupação das vias urbanas cresce nos centros urbanos, aumentando os atrasos e congestionamentos, e seus consequentes prejuízos. Em reação, trabalhos relacionados considera o tráfego veicular em detrimento dos pedestres. Contudo, quanto maior o tempo de espera destes, mais medidas arriscadas eles tomam, aumentando a incidência de acidentes. Visando tratar o problema considerando os interesses conﬂitantes dos veículos e pedestres, este trabalho realiza a otimização de semáforos considerando os atrasos médios de ambos, através de uma Estratégia Evolutiva. O problema é modelado a partir de trabalhos de referência na área. A abordagem conseguiu encontrar soluções que mantêm o atraso dos pedestres dentro dos limites dados pela literatura.
Consenso por Localidade: Um Mecanismo de Consenso Leve com Convergência por Vizinhanças para Cadeia de Blocos
Authors: Carrara Gabriel R. , Mattos Diogo M. F. , Albuquerque Célio V. N.
Published: January 2022

Cadeias de blocos privadas tendem a aplicar mecanismos de consenso determinísticos como alternativa aos baseados em prova. Mecanismos determinísticos toleram dois tipos de falhas, bizantinas e de parada. O consenso tolerante a falhas bizantinas assume hipóteses restritivas de tempo e número de falhas para garantir a validade, enquanto a terminação depende da difusão de mensagens entre o nós. O consenso tolerante a falhas é menos restritivo para garantir a terminação e maior vazão, sacrificando o acordo. Este artigo propõe um mecanismo de consenso leve baseado na votação por localidade com difusão confirmada de mensagens. Regras de formação nas vizinhanças da rede par-a-par ﬂexibilizam a relação de compromisso entre acordo e o custo de terminação. Resultados experimentais mostram que o acordo e terminação são garantidos no caso de uso de regras mais permissivas, enquanto o custo para alcançar o consenso é reduzido em até 46% em regras mais restritivas com baixo impacto sobre a terminação e o acordo.
Reading Gender in Early Chinese Australian Newspapers
Authors: Kuo Mei-fen
Published: January 2022

Although women were largely absent from male-dominated Chinese community discussions on democratic values, brotherhood, diaspora unity, and Han-identity nationalism, they were not absent from Chinese Australians’ modern social life from the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century. By examining public comments and views in Chinese Australian newspapers regarding gender as a new social relationship, this chapter argues that the newspapers provide a window through male narratives that now enables us to espy how the Chinese population deliberated women’s social role and the way it was changing. The chapter aims to uncover through an investigation of the historic records, in the social life of Chinese Australians, the male-dominated view of gender role reconciled on the one hand the desire to segregate women from public discussions and participation, and on the other the need to involve women’s presence to demonstrate respectability and social standing to meet Australian social expectations. These public narratives and social networks provide a new approach to apprehending the nature and importance of Chinese Australian social life.
The Emergence of Chinese Businesswomen in Darwin, 1910–1940
Authors: Fong Natalie
Published: January 2022

Chinese women in Australia’s Northern Territory in the early twentieth century were more actively involved in business than current scholarship suggests. This was in spite of Chinese cultural norms, such as patriarchal business structures. Local, national and international factors influenced Chinese women’s business opportunities in the Territory, including existing businesses owned and run by women in the Territory, shifts in Chinese families as merchant pioneers died, and changing Chinese attitudes towards women with the rise of Sun Yat-sen and the Kuomintang. Archival material and comparisons to Chinese women elsewhere in Australia and overseas demonstrate the significant business involvement of the Territory’s Chinese women.
Alice Lim Kee: Journalist, Actor, Broadcaster, and Goodwill Ambassador
Authors: Macgregor Paul
Published: January 2022

Alice Lim Kee, born 1900 in Rutherglen in rural Victoria, Australia, emigrated to China as a young adult and became a film actress, journalist, and pioneer broadcaster in Shanghai between the wars. She wrote on Chinese women – as Wu Ai-lien (伍愛蓮‎) – principally for the English-language Shanghai North-China Daily News. During the Sino-Japanese War, she returned to Australia as Mrs Fabian Chow, a goodwill ambassador to promote China's struggle against Japan. Feminist, modernist, social reformer, and Christian, she spent more than two years on a speaking tour of Australia. Her powerful, emotional, and personable style of speaking may well have had a pivotal role in changing White Australians' attitudes to China as a nation and the Chinese as a people.
Daisy Kwok’s Shanghai: Life in China before and after 1949
Authors: Loy-Wilson Sophie
Published: January 2022

In the interwar years a number of prominent Chinese Australian families moved to Hong Kong and Shanghai where they built famous department store chains. While much has been written about the ‘Four Great Department Stores’, little is known of the family dynamics which underpinned these businesses. This chapter uses the private archives of Chinese Australian woman Daisy Kwok, whose life would forever be affected by her father’s decision to move the family to Shanghai to work for Wing On & Co. in the 1920s. It argues that we need to pay greater attention to the issue of return migration in overseas Chinese history, especially its impact on women’s lives.
The Rise and Fall of the Independent Temple
Authors: Runyon Randolph Paul
Published: January 2022

Gould returned to Las Vegas to resume his school. He tried to conceal the verdict from Methodist authorities there, but they found out and fired him. He started a church of his own where he could preach to his heart's content. He called it the Independent Temple and it met in the Las Vegas Opera House. For the first months of its operation it was a success, attracting crowds intrigued by his nonsectarian liberal philosophy. He divorced his wife and married Texie Head in May 1885. When his church venture had run its course, he got a job as a reporter for a Las Vegas newspaper, later becoming editor, and subsequently worked as editor for various newspapers in New Mexico until his death in Albuquerque in 1911. Frank Bristow taught music in the Covington, Kentucky, public schools, divorced his wife, married a rich widow, who divorced him. He died in 1914.
Conclusion to Part II
Authors: Kolenda Christopher D.
Published: January 2022

The lack of strategic thinking on war termination—how to achieve a favorable and durable outcome—heightened the risk that the successful overthrow of the Taliban would turn into a quagmire. The Bush administration had given detailed attention to the military campaign but wished away the challenges presented in the aftermath. Such neglect damaged the United States’ ability to address the exploitative actions taken by Afghan and international actors during the chaotic post-Taliban period. These activities, many of which were hidden in plain sight, undermined the legitimacy of the nascent government in the eyes of Afghans and aroused suspicions among Afghanistan’s neighbors—especially Pakistan....
Failing to Keep Pace with the Insurgency, 2007–2009
Authors: Kolenda Christopher D.
Published: January 2022

This chapter argues that the patron-client relationship between the U.S. and the Afghan governments became increasingly strained through misunderstandings and miscommunication. The Bush administration assumed that its interests were shared by a Karzai government in control of the country, but Karzai’s power was continuously being challenged and his trust in U.S. support was limited. As Karzai aimed of secure his power, the scale of corruption and the alienation of parts of the population only grew further. The Bush administration, however, did not fully understand the limitations of its partner government nor the extent of the growing insurgency.
More Shovels in the Quicksand
Authors: Kolenda Christopher D.
Published: January 2022

This chapter addresses the slow change in mindsets, especially in McChrystal, that reintegration of and reconciliation with the Taliban, along with a negotiated outcome, might be the most promising way to a lasting outcome.
Misapplying the Iraq Formula
Authors: Kolenda Christopher D.
Published: January 2022

After general McChrystal’s dismissal, General David Petraeus was named ISAF commander to repeat his successes in the Iraq war. As this chapter argues, however, the differences between the situations in Iraq and Afghanistan should have made the U.S. administration wary of blindly applying the same approach.
Operation Iraqi Freedom
Authors: Kolenda Christopher D.
Published: January 2022

This chapter discusses war planning that preceded Operation Iraqi Freedom. It lays bare the implicit aim of decisive victory as well as the overly optimistic assumptions about turning military victory into a durable political outcome. While the military operation was repeatedly war-gamed and rehearsed, little attention was paid to post-combat operations, and even worse, there was yet again no inter-agency coordination.
A Complicated Approach to a Complex Situation
Authors: Kolenda Christopher D.
Published: January 2022

This chapter discusses the initial steps the Coalition Provisional Authority took in Iraq after the defeat of Saddam Hussein. It shows how these steps – mainly the de-Ba’athifaction and disbanding the Iraqi Army – alienated Sunni, prompting resistance and solidifying the rift between Sunni and Shia. Once again, the United States became entangled in local power struggles.
Achieving Milestones While Losing the War
Authors: Kolenda Christopher D.
Published: January 2022

As benchmarks within political, military, and economic lines of effort were achieved in Iraq, the Bush administration felt it was making progress. This chapter shows how assessing progress within bureaucratic silos allowed the Bush administration to remain overly optimistic about a favorable and durable outcome, even though violence intensified.
Mirror Imaging Civil-Military Relations
Authors: Kolenda Christopher D.
Published: January 2022

This chapter introduces the ideas of subjective and objective civilian control over the military. The U.S., having a system of objective control, pushed Iraq to adopt the same system. Maliki, however, fearing a coup, pushed for subjective control over the Iraqi Security Forces to replace individuals unfavorable of him.
Implications for US Foreign Policy
Authors: Kolenda Christopher D.
Published: January 2022

As the case study analysis has highlighted systemic factors in how the U.S. plans and wages its wars, this chapter suggests specific ways to address these problems and avoid getting caught in endless conflicts in the future.
Shooting an Outlaw
Authors: Rice Christina
Published: January 2022

This chapter details Jane’s first foray into motion picture production, including the drawn-out shoot of The Outlaw which started in Arizona with Howard Hawks at the helm, but ultimately was directed by Howard Hughes.
Kick-starting a Career
Authors: Rice Christina
Published: January 2022

This chapter discusses Jane’s first foray into live performing in nightclubs along with radio and recording appearances as a singer with Kay Kyser. Jane’s renewed contract with Howard Hughes is also covered along with a renewed momentum with her film career and the filming of The Paleface with Bob Hope for Paramount Pictures, Montana Belle with George Brent for Fidelity Pictures, and Double Dynamite with Frank Sinatra and Groucho Marx for RKO.
Redeeming Appalachia
Authors: Summerlin Donna
Published: January 2022

This chapter by Donna Summerlin focuses on House’s Appalachian trilogy—A Parchment of Leaves, The Coal Tattoo, and Clay’s Quilt—in order to explore themes of race, gender, and religion, as well as some environmental and gender issues, and their intersection in House’s writing. Summerlin provides close readings of these three novels, which follow generations of Sizemores and Sullivans of Kentucky, working class Appalachian families. The author focuses particularly on social and environmental issues that span the Twentieth Century in Appalachia, reminiscent of Mary Settles’ Beulah Quintet. Summerlin looks at the interconnection between these vivid characters and their stories throughout the trilogy and the impact that one generation makes upon another. This chapter explores ideas in these three books in great depth and detail, exploring themes connected to the environment and Appalachian family values.
Looking at the Hurting Parts
Authors: Sypolt Natalie
Published: January 2022

Fiction writer Natalie Sypolt explores the dramatic literature of Silas House, which focuses on a range of cultural, social, and environmental ideas, but through this genre comes House’s strongest expression of diversity issues. The dramatic storytelling also serves as a vehicle for House’s broadest explication of gay, lesbian, and queer characters. The plays deal explicitly with House’s interest in diversity and gender issues, as well as exploring his talent as a playwright, culminating in his folk opera written with musician Sam Cleaves. Sypolt sets House’s dramatic writing within the framework of those moral issues that attracted him to the writing of Tennessee Williams. Sypolt celebrates House’s fearlessness as one of the few Appalachian writers to delve deeply into issues of the Appalachian queer community.
Interview with Silas House
Authors: Hoffman David O. , Shurbutt Sylvia Bailey
Published: January 2022

DAVID & SYLVIA:

You seem to be able to get into the minds and under the skin, if you will, of all your characters equally well—both males and females. Clay Sizemore is such a sympathetic and appealing character. Your female characters as well are particularly interesting—Anneth in ...
West African Missions, Colonies, and Imperial Anxieties in the United States, 1834–1865
Authors: Kilbride Daniel
Published: January 2022

Daniel P. Kilbride explains how for three decades before the Civil War colonizationists espoused the return of African Americans to “benighted Africa” on several grounds, although often disagreeing on particulars. In the 1830s and 1840s some proponents of colonization openly criticized the alleged benefits of repatriation for the Africans themselves. By the 1850s, however, most agreed that colonization would civilize and Christianize the Africans, halt the African slave trade, benefit American commerce, and reduce racial tensions at home. Kilbride investigates two southern-born white missionaries who interpreted the fruits of repatriation differently—J. Leighton Wilson who served in Liberia from 1834-52, and Thomas Jefferson Bowen who served in present-day Nigeria from 1850-56.
“If at First You Don’t Secede”
Authors: Whitfield Stephen J.
Published: January 2022

Drawing on a broad range of sources—including film, historiography, iconography, literature, television, and built memorials—Stephen J. Whitfield's essay “'If at First You Don't Secede': War and Remembrance” assesses why the Civil War continues to be a historical leitmotif for white southerners—a lens through which they continue to define themselves and their place in the American experience. For them the internecine mid-nineteenth century war remains inescapable it lingers in “the sheer tenacity of Southern white consciousness. “Whitfield considers the “Southern white mentality” premised on the inferiority of persons of African descent.
Introduction
Authors: Asher Brad
Published: January 2022

This chapter sets up Burbridge’s reputation as “the most hated man in Kentucky” and examines the existing historical literature on Burbridge and the Civil War in Kentucky. It argues that recent scholarship has shifted the focus of the literature to emancipation, guerrilla warfare, and historical memory. It also expands on the idea implied in the subtitle that there were multiple conflicts in Kentucky: the regular war, the irregular war, the political war between Conservative and Unconditional Unionists, and the war as it was remembered after 1865.
Soldier
Authors: Asher Brad
Published: January 2022

Unlike many of his fellow Kentuckians, Burbridge was quick to volunteer his services to the Union cause when the war began. As Kentucky officially proclaimed its neutrality, Burbridge raised the 26th Kentucky, initially patrolling the ragged border between Union and Confederacy in the southern part of the state. Although he personally missed the pivotal battles of Shiloh and Perryville, he did lead a division in the Vicksburg campaign, accepting the surrender of Confederate troops at Arkansas Post and raising the Stars and Stripes over Port Gibson, Mississippi. Competent and ambitious, he was promoted to Major General before coming home to Kentucky as military commander of the state.
Tyrant
Authors: Asher Brad
Published: January 2022

Burbridge suppressed dissent, interfered in state and local elections, imposed unpopular controls on Kentucky’s economy, and jailed or banished critics of the war and the Lincoln administration. The people on the receiving end of these actions were mostly fellow Unionists who found the decision to enlist black troops—and the entire emancipationist turn of war policy—repugnant. They rallied white Kentuckians to oppose the decision, petitioned the Administration to suspend it, and campaigned for George McClellan when it became evident that Lincoln was not listening. Burbridge treated such critics harshly. Emancipation changed the nature of what it meant to be loyal to the Union, and Burbridge enforced the new definition rigorously.
Pariah
Authors: Asher Brad
Published: January 2022

The fluidity and complexity of postwar politics in Kentucky culminated in an alliance between returning Confederates, Democrats, and a growing number of Conservative Unionists. These ascendant politicians embraced a pro-Confederate narrative of the war that used the demonization of Burbridge and his policies as one means to consolidate power. The victims of Burbridge’s executions were reinterred with grand public funerals and imposing monuments; Burbridge’s efforts to gain a federal appointment or to help others who sought them earned him the wrath and strident opposition of Kentucky’s politicians and editorialists; and association with Burbridge was used to tar Republicans and the postwar policies aimed at helping the former slaves secure their freedom.
Operation Forager
Authors: Mitchener Donald K.
Published: January 2022

This chapter is a narrative of D-day on Saipan and W-day on Guam in the Mariana Islands and a description and analysis of the planning for and the execution of naval gunfire missions in support of each assault. This is followed by an analysis of the effectiveness of that support and of the application of the lessons that had been learned at Tarawa. The lessons were modified in the case of Saipan, but they were reaffirmed in their application at Guam.
Weaving Histories
Authors: Dietrich Wielenga Karuna
Published: January 2022

Weaving Histories looks at the economic history of South Asia from a fresh perspective, through a detailed study of the handloom industry in colonial South India between 1800 and 1960, drawing out its wider implications for the Indian economy. It employs an unusual array of sources, including paintings and textile samples as well as archival records, to excavate the links between cotton growing, spinning and weaving before the nineteenth century. The rupture and re-configuration of these connections produced a sea-change in the lives of ordinary weavers. Weaving Histories uncovers the impact this transformation had on different kinds of weavers, particulalry those who wove coarse cloth. It unpacks the configuration of forces – social, political and economic – at different levels – local, regional, national and global – that came together to shape this transformation. The book uses this story of the transformation of the handloom industry to throw light on the historical processes at work in creating what has come to be called the ‘informal sector’ in India and more broadly reflect on debates around industrialisation.
The State and the Weaver
Authors: Dietrich Wielenga Karuna
Published: January 2022

This chapter looks at the role played by the state in shaping the transformation of the handloom industry. In doing so, it does not view the state as a monolithic or static entity but rather examines the tensions within the state and its dynamic engagement with politics on the ground.
Conclusion
Authors: Dietrich Wielenga Karuna
Published: January 2022

This chapter brings places the transformation of the handloom industry in the context of the emergence of India’s modern economy and examines how it came to be incorporated into what came to be known as the ‘informal sector’. It also uses the conclusions of this study to reflect on the divergent paths of economic development, both within India and globally.
Revolution, Restoration, Regeneration: Historical Cycles and the Politics of Time in Spain, 1870–1931
Authors: Fernández-Sebastián Javier , Capellán Gonzalo
Published: January 2022

In Spanish political culture across from the late nineteenth century, the need for a way of leaving the past behind emphasised the present as the quintessential time for action; and in the thinking of Ortega y Gasset the present emerged as a vital zone for Restoration political culture. This chapter sets out a broad understanding of the historical cycles of Spanish politics throughout this period. The long ‘intrahistorical’ tradition assessed by Unamuno encountered a gradualist sense of progress and a sense of the present life of the people emerged at the heart of the political settlement of the 1880s. Though a desire for ‘the new’ emerged forcefully by 1900, very often this was framed by a desire to achieve urgent change in the present. Regeneration, then, inflected ‘the present’ in a different way to Restoration. But the 1923 Dictatorship broke the cycle of legal history. A sense of starting from scratch emerged, changing the dominant temporal mode of Spanish politics dramatically.
VARIÁ\/EIS FISIOLÓGICAS E MATURAÇÃO SEXUAL EM ESCOLARES PRÉ- PÚBERES E PÚBERES DO SEXO FEMININO DA CIDADE DE SANTA MARIA
Authors: Filipetto Rosângela Kelling
Published: January 2022

Este trabalho analisou variáveis fisiológicas de meninas pré-púberes (PP) e púberes (P), pertencentes à rede de ensino particular de Santa Maria. A amostra foi formada por 29 escolares femininas de 11,6 anos a 12,6 anos, participantes regulares de educação física escolar. Estudou-se as variáveis fisiológicas de volume de oxigênio máximo (V02max), pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica em repouso e pós exercício (PASr0p, PADrep, PASpe e PADpe), freqüência cardíaca em repouso e pós exercício (FCrep e FCpe), as variáveis antropométricas de massa corporal (Mcorp), estatura (EST) e percentual de gordura corporal (%G) e estágio de desenvolvimento mamário (EDM). Testes foram realizados, tais como, testes antropométricos, teste adaptado de 1000m para espaço reduzido e, além disso, utilizou-se o quadro avaliativo para os estágios de desenvolvimento mamário. Para análi­se, usou-se o teste de Shapiro-Wilk e o pacote estatístico S.A.S. Foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamen­te significativas (p<0,05) entre os grupos PP e P nas variáveis: M , EST, %G e EDM, sendo as médias superi­ores para o grupo P, as demais variáveis não apresentaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas. Através dos dados obtidos concluiu-se que: As púberes possuem maior EDM e valores antropométricos mais elevados. Além disso, não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre as FC, as PASrepe PADrop, PASpe e PADpe e V02max entre os grupos.
FAMÍLIA E ESPORTE: A INFLUÊNCIA PARENTAL SOBRE A PARTICIPAÇÃO DOS FILHOS NO FUTSAL COMPETITIVO
Authors: Fonseca Gerard Maurício Martins , Stela Erika Spritze
Published: January 2022

O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar os fatores parentaisdeterminantes para a participação dos filhos no futsal competitivo. Participaram149 adultos, sendo 84 homens e 65 mulheres com filhos nas categorias sub-9,sub-11 e sub-13 de três clubes de futsal de Caxias do Sul-RS. O instrumentoutilizado para a coleta de dados foi o Questionário Para os Pais (QPP). Osresultados mostraram que o esporte é valorizado e praticado pelos pais. Oestudo conclui que o incentivo dos pais constrói um ambiente saudável para quea criança desenvolva suas potencialidades, segurança e motivação para praticaro futsal e que não há diferença significativa no comportamento entre pais e mães.
PRESSUPOSTOS CONCEITUAIS SUBJACENTES Ã PRATICA PEDAGÓGICA DOS PROFESSORES DE EDUCAÇÃO FlSICA
Authors: Munaro Claire Maria
Published: January 2022

: 0 objetivo deste estudo foi diagnosticar os presssupostos conceituais subjacentes à prática pedagógica dos professores. Foi solicitada a participação dos alunos de 5S e 6S semestres do curso de Educação FÍsica da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria-RS. As questões foram colocadas em dois parâmetros: Cl) a concepção tradi­cional e (2) a concepção transformadora e inovadora dos valores existentes. Com base nos resultados obtidos, concluiu-se que: (a) os professores não apresentam atitudes interdisciplinares, (b) não procuram ampliar suas discussões nos planos político- pedagogico, Cc) privilegiam o homem que faz e executa (e não o homem que pensa) e (d) não discutem um projeto de Educação e de homem para uma nova sociedade.
FUTEBOL: JOGO DO TRIÂNGULO
Authors: Aguiar Iran Newton
Published: January 2022

O futebol é um esporte. E como tal apresenta-se como fator cul tural de grande monta, bem como, fato social de grande amplitude e re levancia. Alem do mais, para que se tenha uma visão mais ou menos correta, não basta tão somente encará-lo na sua totalidade como con­junto, mas procurar vê-lo em sua fragmentação; vê-lo em partes, para compreendê-lo no conjunto. Ve-se, pois, que esta espécie de caminho ou movimento de ida e volta, como que um intercâmbio permanente, supõe elaborações acessí­veis para compreendê-lo e que ele como fato social não oferece a ní­vel nenhum. Esta dificuldade de compreensão está porque; conceitualmente, a noçao de futebol e muito imprecisa e vaga. Não temos ainda uma per­feita. conceituação da articulação do esporte com os demais estágios do todo social. Contudo, no momento atual, já encontramos algumas a nalises do futebol, lançadas para dentro da Ideologia, das Práticas Rituais e da Simmbologia, no corpo maior da Sociologia e Antropologia Social e que numa imagem espectral, distingue o feixe nos três compo nentes citados e delimita-os como um triângulo eqüilátero.
A formação dos professores de Arte do Instituto Federal do Paraná: construindo um perfil do corpo docente e suas práticas
Authors: Sosnowski Katyuscia , Ribeiro Everton
Published: January 2022

O presente artigo tem por objetivo identificar a formação acadêmica dos docentes efetivos de Arte do Instituto Federal do Paraná. Propõe verificar, também, junto às ementas e os roteiros de análise dos projetos pedagógicos dos cursos (PPC) técnicos integrados da instituição, às principais áreas/linhas de atuação profissional e tentativas de integração para traçar um perfil desse corpo docente. Para isso, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa qualitativa, de caráter descritivo e documental publicados nos sites dos campi e na página da pró-reitoria de gestão de pessoas (PROGEPE). O estudo revela que o IFPR se constitui no presente momento em uma instituição com 26 campi, com 43 docentes efetivos de Arte, com formações diversas dentro da área de arte - embora sem nenhum profissional com formação específica em Dança. Há casos de profissionais sem formação ministrando o componente, além de uma extrema dificuldade em legitimar o ensino de arte no contexto institucional, ora por uma resistência interna da gestão em reconhecer a relevância da área para a formação humana e profissional, ora pela indisponibilidade de espaços adequados para as práticas educativas em Arte.
Fricções e aproximações do ensino da arte na educação infantil: formação docente e arte contemporânea
Authors: Góes Margarete Sacht , Soares Maria Angélica Vago
Published: January 2022

O artigo analisa, a partir da perspectiva histórico-cultural, questões pertinentes à formação inicial das/os professoras/es do Curso de Licenciatura em Artes Visuais – Integral (versão 2006), da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo – UFES, e como essa formação reverbera nos modos de ensinar arte contemporânea na Educação Infantil que, em tempos de avanços tecnológicos significativos, tem redimensionado a forma das crianças produzirem e consumirem arte. Para tanto, realiza um estudo de caso a partir de entrevistas e diálogos com professoras desse segmento da educação básica. Fundamenta-se em Vigotski (2007) para abordar a perspectiva histórico-cultural no campo da psicologia, em Bakhtin (2010)), no campo da linguagem, e em Benjamin (2007) para pensar a criança. No campo do ensino da arte, apoia-se em Barbosa (2005) e em Cocchiarale (2006) e, para a formação de professores, em Fonseca da Silva (2019), em Foerste e Camargo (2019) e em Nóvoa (2009). Finaliza propondo uma aproximação entre a formação de professoras/es e a arte contemporânea, apresentando propostas educativas a partir de um ensino contemporâneo da arte para crianças pequenas.
Do íntimo ao compartilhado: fotoperformance como meio de tocar na ferida
Authors: Tavares Tatiana Maria de Aguiar
Published: January 2022

A fotoperformance intitulada Rotina é composta por 8 fotografias que exploram a performatividade dentro de um tema contemporâneo: a ansiedade. Corpo, fotografia e pós-produção digital se mesclam para dar origem à fotoperformance.
Exploration zu deutschen und italienischen Akteursrollen in Covid-19-Diskursen. Methodologische Überlegungen und praktische Schlussfolgerungen zur Vergleichenden Diskurslinguistik
Authors: Rocco Goranka , Dreesen Philipp , Krasselt Julia
Published: January 2022

Im Beitrag werden im Rahmen des Schweizer COVIDisc-Forschungsprojekts die Erkenntnismöglichkeiten der interlingual, intralingual und transnational Vergleichenden Diskurslinguistik aufgezeigt und diskutiert. Im Vordergrund steht die vergleichende Diskursanalyse zwischen Deutsch und Italienisch mit dem Ziel, in der Schweiz zu einem besseren Verständnis von Unterschieden und Gemeinsamkeiten innerhalb der diskursiven Regeln und Sprachgebrauchsmuster zu Covid-19 zu gelangen. Nach einer Darstellung des Untersuchungsdesigns und des Untersuchungskorpus werden mögliche Tertia Comparationis aufgezeigt und diskurstypische Akteursrollen exemplarisch analysiert. Im Fazit werden methodologische und anwendungsbezogene Erkenntnisse zusammengefasst.
Oil, US Empire, and the Middle East
Authors: Wight David M.
Published: January 2022

This chapter discusses the US international empire in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) since the 1920s. Constructed by both US multinational oil companies (MNOCs) and the US government, US empire in the MENA sought to ensure the cheap, plentiful flow of oil from the region to Western consumers. However, US and European empires in the MENA generated popular local resistance to client regimes and their Western backers. This resistance to the US-led order developed in part due to poor labor and human rights conditions, cultural and religious alienation toward encroaching foreign social systems (including capitalism), and nationalist aspirations. This situation increasingly led oil-rich US allies in the MENA to collaborate with each other and additional oil-rich countries to challenge the US-dictated terms of the global petroleum economy. Growing US support for Israel would likewise increasingly push US-allied, oil-rich Arab governments to join Arab countries more hostile to Washington in challenging the United States.
Affective Crowds and Making the 24-Hour City
Authors: Park Seo Young
Published: January 2022

This chapter begins with snapshots of the nighttime (and dawn-time) city as it is intertwined with the fast pace of productivity for twenty-four hours. It delves into the varied aspirations and practices in the marketplace to understand how this energy expands and affects other working bodies, as well as the spatial and temporal relationship they maintain with the marketplace. The chapter focuses on how working people not only conduct their work in this period, but how their presence materially and affectively transforms this market at night (or dawn) into a new sort of time-space of aspiration: their imagined and physical presence is recognized, publicized, and “felt” as a sign of vibrancy, energy, and a mode of being “productive” for people. It also explores how the knowledge and energy of these interactive performances gets conveyed to and picked up by other people in the space, especially those who learn about clothes and business and turn their desire and excitement toward an entrepreneurial aspiration for their work and life. Ultimately, the chapter describes microentrepreneurs who connect the marketplace to overseas and online markets, evangelical churches that articulate commercial and religious aspirations, and the state's desire to brand the city's nightscape. Despite their different trajectories and tempos of work, people in the market intentionally and unintentionally embody the “hard work” ethics, affect, and spectacle for others in the 24-hour city.
[Untitled]
Authors: Bakin Kyokutei
Published: January 2022

Those known to the world as the Eight Dog Warriors of the Satomi were as follows: Inuyama Dōsetsu [CHILDHOOD NAME: MICHIMATSU], Inuzuka Shino [CHILDHOOD NAME: SHINO], Inusaka Kōzuke [CHILDHOOD NAME: KENO], Inukai Genpachi [CHILDHOOD NAME: GENKICHI], Inukawa Sōsuke, Inue Shinbei [CHILDHOOD NAME: SHINPEI],1 Inumura Daikaku ...
Suemoto dies steadfast, leaving behind a moral; A white dragon flies southward home, threading through the clouds
Authors: Bakin Kyokutei
Published: January 2022

This chapter discusses the death of Lord Satomi Suemoto of the Minamoto and the deeds of the firstborn of his first wife, Satomi Yoshizane. Yoshizane was Major Assistant in the Governance Ministry and Minister of the Court. When the might at arms of the Shogun at the Capital and the Vice-Shogun at Kamakura had become weak and grasping and thus the realm become divided into warring states, Yoshizane escaped hardship to the shores of the Eastern Sea, opening up the land and establishing a foundation for his descendants unto the tenth generation, Lords of Awa and Kazusa. The chapter then details how Yoshizane saw a white dragon ascending to the sky and threading through the clouds. He believed that dragons are divine creatures, capable by their nature of limitless transformations.
Ignoring a ban, Takanori loses a woman; Slitting her belly, Princess Fuse looses eight dog children
Authors: Bakin Kyokutei
Published: January 2022

This chapter examines how Yatsufusa took Princess Fuse to Mount To, which is the highest mountain in the province of Awa, along with its brother, Iyo Peak. Princess Fuse had firmly refused the company of an escort but both Yoshizane's and Isarago's hearts were uneasy for her safety on the road, and so in secret they sent Amasaki Jōrō Terutake, with several mighty warriors, “to watch her and then report, hiding as necessary.” However, Terutake drowned in a river on the way to Mount To. Isarago, however, found it more difficult to forget about Princess Fuse with every passing day. Every month she would pretend to send her old women on a visit in her stead to the Cave of the Ascetic, sending them instead in secret to Mount To in search of her daughter's whereabouts, but none possessed the courage to go beyond that mountain torrent that had carried Amasaki Terutake away. The chapter then looks at how Kanamari Daisuke Takanori vowed to climb the mountain, kill the dog Yatsufusa, and return to Takita with the princess.
Preface to the Lives of the Eight Dog Warriors, Volume II
Authors: Bakin Kyokutei
Published: January 2022

The author stores up in his breast the novel tales of the collectors of petty histories. At first he considers all manner of karmic causes and effects, and when he is unable to grasp one, he is left nonplussed, directionless in his heart, like a tiny boat tossed on the vast green ocean. When he gets the intent, however, he sails like a leaf on the wind, rejoicing within himself. He sees things no one has seen, and knows things no one knows. In this way there is nothing he dares not write concerning peace and war, gain and loss, nothing he dares not record concerning the ways of the world; and, after spending some length of time compiling his materials, he finally puts them into a book. He is like a sailor who drifts for thousands of leagues before reaching an isle in the sea, where he chances to meet an immortal who teaches him the secrets of wizardry and then allows him to return and proclaim them to his fellow men. However, it is as in the old story of the raft-rider who visited Peach Blossom Spring...
Frontispieces
Authors: Bakin Kyokutei
Published: January 2022

The first two Books of this edition will be devoted to Princess Fuse’s story. This being so, the heading for Chapter X in the Inaugural Volume [“IGNORING A BAN, TAKANORI LOSES A WOMAN; SLITTING HER BELLY, PRINCESS FUSE LOOSES EIGHT DOG CHILDREN”] properly belongs to ...
The Princess leaves a letter, expounding her karmic causes and effects;
Authors: Bakin Kyokutei
Published: January 2022

This chapter assesses how Princess Fuse read the Devadatta chapter of the Sutra of the Lotus of the Wondrous Law. It is a text that expounds upon how the daughter of Sagara the Dragon King, possessing great wisdom at the age of eight, meditated deeply and attained comprehension of the Law in its entirety and thus obtained the Buddha's truth. She was the first of womankind to attain Buddhahood. It was for this reason that Princess Fuse, nearing the end of her life, read the Devadatta chapter for her own sake and Yatsufusa's. When she came to the end of her sutra-reading, Princess Fuse and Yatsufusa were shot by Kanamari Daisuke Takanori. The chapter then considers Princess Fuse's letter wherein she expounded on her karmic causes and effects.
Constructing the Spatial Narrative in Antioch and Jerusalem
Authors: Greenwood David Neal
Published: January 2022

This chapter follows Julian's journey after he left Constantinople for Antioch. It looks closely at Julian's campaign for pagan religious revival in Antioch, a city with a past steeped in pagan religion, and his preparation for the future invasion of Persia. His revival would depend not only on the articulation of a robust contemporary version of this religion, but also the denigration and subversion of Christianity. In Constantinople, Julian had reintroduced the pagan mysteries and built a pagan chapel in the imperial palace. In Jerusalem, he countered Constantine's Church of the Resurrection, itself a response to the Jewish Temple, with the attempt to rebuild that temple. The chapter then reviews the dechristianization of two key sites affiliated with Constantine and Constantius II: the temple of Apollo at Daphne and the Great Church of Antioch. The chapter explores the importance of oracles to Julian — discussing how Julian made them a focus of his revival. It then explicates Julian's reversal of Constantine's process of Christianization.
Introduction
Authors: Oh Youjeong
Published: January 2022

This chapter explores cases of place promotion as mediated through Korean popular culture since the early 2000s, specifically television dramas and K-pop music. It explicates the alliance between cultural production and urban policies, then reveals the untold stories about Hallyu, or the so-called Korean Wave, referring to the overseas popularity of Korean entertainment products, including films, television dramas, pop music (K-pop), and online games. The chapter emphasizes that K-prefixed products and services are not abstract but manifested in and associated with specific places, thus engendering “K-places.” It reinterprets the Korean Wave by casting new light on the influence of Korean pop culture not only on commercial and economic life but also on the transformation of cities. By focusing on the spatial aspects and impacts of Hallyu, the chapter examines the ways Korean municipalities commodify and sell their urban and rural spaces to potential tourists by being represented in and associated with popular culture.
Introduction
Authors: Scoggins Suzanne E.
Published: January 2022

This chapter discusses police failure — focusing on the case of a seventeen-year-old Xiao Hu. It details the inability of two officers to do their jobs and the more systemic problems facing policing in today's China. To fully understand policing in China, the chapter begins with the observation that success in the area of protest response brings challenges to other areas of policing. It argues that the policing of social unrest in China was not always so successful, recalling that protests in the 1980s were handled haphazardly and with little guidance from above. All this changed in the aftermath of the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests. Fearful that another Tiananmen-size uprising might unseat the Chinese Communist Party's rule, central government leaders directed police and military officials to develop a more unified approach to dealing with social unrest. The chapter then shifts to explicate what does everyday policing looks like. It examines the physical and mental hardships of the job — heavy caseloads, limited resources, and inadequate training.
Politicization and the Boundaries of Authoritarian Resilience
Authors: Scoggins Suzanne E.
Published: January 2022

This chapter looks at how the problems with everyday policing in China raise questions about the politicization of policing, regime resilience, police legitimacy, and potential effects for the governance of other institutions in China and beyond. It explicates the prioritization of stability maintenance in China, and explores political policing in the country in the form of ensuring regime stability through the clamping down on protest, the stifling of dissent, and the eradication of dissident networks. The chapter then assesses how detrimental the prioritization of political elements can be to the frontline issues of everyday policing that matter most to ground-level officers as well as members of the public. With the recent police reforms, the chapter suggests that the politicization of policing will only continue under Xi Jinping. It then investigates the impact of the increasing politicized role of the police in China through efforts to enhance stability maintenance and confine corruption efforts to political purges.
On Russian Soil
Authors: Erley Mieka
Published: January 2022

Blending close readings of literature, films, and other artworks with analysis of texts of political philosophy, science, and social theory, this book offers an interdisciplinary perspective on attitudes to soil in Russia and the Soviet Union from the early nineteenth to the mid-twentieth century. As the book shows, the earth has inspired utopian dreams, reactionary ideologies, social theories, and durable myths about the relationship between nation and nature. In this period of modernization, soil was understood as the collective body of the nation, sitting at the crux of all economic and social problems. The “soil question” was debated by nationalists and radical materialists, Slavophiles and Westernizers, poets and scientists. The book highlights a selection of key myths at the intersection of cultural and material history that show how soil served as a natural, national, and symbolic resource from Fedor Dostoevsky's native soil movement to Nikita Khrushchev's Virgin Lands campaign at the Soviet periphery in the 1960s. Providing an original contribution to ecocriticism and environmental humanities, the book expands our understanding of how cultural processes write nature and how nature inspires culture. The book brings Slavic studies into new conversations in the environmental humanities, generating fresh interpretations of literary and cultural movements and innovative readings of major writers.
Virgin Land
Authors: Erley Mieka
Published: January 2022

This chapter analyses the place of virgin soil (tselina) in the Russian cultural imagination, culminating in discourses and cultural artifacts surrounding Nikita Khrushchev's Virgin Lands campaign (1953–1964). Tselina was a symbolic construct, materialized by Soviet state agricultural, economic, and social policy. The chapter investigates these myths of tselina, and the process of transforming a “natural” resource like virgin soil into a symbolic, discursive, and political resource. It explains how virgin soil was imagined as both a natural resource and a symbolic resource, central to re-energizing the Soviet polity and restoring the Romantic connections between people and land that had once been expressed in the nineteenth-century discourse of Russian pochva. Ultimately, the chapter brings the cultural biography of Russian soil full circle by showing how the Virgin Lands campaign hollowed out the myths of the Russian settlement of the steppe, the conquest of nature, and the Soviet friendship of nations.
“Returning Home to Fight”
Authors: Fedorowich Kent , Booth Charles
Published: January 2022

This chapter highlights British-born migrants who returned home to fight in the dominion contingents during the First World War. It uses Bristol as a case study to explore several interlocking questions concerning migration, identity, and war. It also mentions the digitization of passenger lists, school magazines, honor rolls, newspapers, dominion attestation papers, personnel records, nominal rolls, and repatriation files that chronicle a unique phase of return migration to the United Kingdom. The chapter analyzes the role of soldiers in the processes of cultural transference between the imperial metropole and the colonial periphery. It points out how soldiers helped construct a wider British identity and culture overseas that fed a broader Britishness, some of which was exported back home.
Martial Race Theory and Recruitment in the Indian Army during Two World Wars
Authors: Roy Kaushik
Published: January 2022

This chapter examines manpower mobilization for the Indian Army. It deals with four issues: which communities were recruited, the reasons for recruiting only certain communities, the actual mechanism of recruitment, and the measures undertaken by the imperialists to keep the colonial soldiers loyal. It also shows the shifts in the theory and practice of recruitment that enabled the colonial Indian Army to wage “Total War” instead of merely small wars. The chapter recounts how the Raj updated the martial race theory and replaced the regimental recruitment system with territorial or area recruitment. It refers to the armed forces that constituted the ultimate line of defense against both the internal and external threats of the British government in India.
Caring for British Commonwealth Soldiers in the Aftermath of the Second World War
Authors: Fitzpatrick Meghan
Published: January 2022

This chapter considers the millions of people from the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand who served in the armed services during the Second World War as the largest ever mobilization of British Commonwealth manpower. It addresses how Britain and its dominions tackled the needs of veterans in the decade that followed the Second World War. It also explores how the manpower of the British Commonwealth grappled with the challenge of demobilization on a vast scale and reviews how the legacy of the First World War shaped the rehabilitation process that began in 1945. The chapter analyzes the thorny business of awarding pensions, measuring disability, and quantifying human suffering. It assesses what the British Commonwealth countries provided veterans in terms of compensation, benefits, and medical care.