bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Relationship between The Level of Side Effects of ARV Drugs in ODHA Patients to The Level of The Compliance Use of ARV Drugs
Authors:   Program Studi Farmasi, Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, Malang, Indonesia, Maulidya Sari Aisha , Ratna Hidayati Ika ,   Program Studi Farmasi, Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, Malang, Indonesia, Novia Atmadani Rizka ,   Program Studi Farmasi, Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, Malang, Indonesia
Published: July 2021

HIV or Human Immunodeficiency Virus is one of the causes of AIDS ( Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) that is a disease that attacks the body's immunity. One therapy for treating HIV/AIDS is with antiretroviral therapy. In antiretroviral therapy high adherence is needed at least 95% of the dose should not be forgotten to achieve desired virological suppression. One factor affecting compliance is the side effects of ARV drugs that appear in ODHA patients undergoing antiretroviral therapy. This study aims at knowing the relationship of the level of drug side effects to the level of compliance in the treatment of ARVs in ODHA patients. This research uses cross-sectional in ODHA patients in Puskesmas Dinoyo, Malang City. The results of the study were found that the level of ODHA patient drug side effects at the Puskesmas Dinoyo VCT Clinic, the ODHA patient who did not experience side effects, was 5.8% , side effects a little 21.3%, moderate side effects 21.2% and high side effects 51.8%. Compliance with taking ODHA patient medication at the VCT Clinic Puskesmas Dinoyo patients with low adherence of 1.2%, moderate compliance 69.4% and high compliance 29.4%. There is no significant relationship between the level of side effects of ARV drugs in ODHA patients with the level of compliance with ARV drug use with values p- the value obtained is 0.412.
The role of electronic information resources in supporting scientific research at Northern Border University
Authors:   General Curriculum Department, College of Education and Arts, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia, Al Sawy Yaser Mohammad
Published: July 2021

This study aimed to realize the impact of Electronic Information Resources on the scientific research movement at the Northern Border University. As it includes Electronic Information Resources provided by the university through the Saudi Digital Library, and many forms of sources such as databases, which include full-text databases, abstracts databases, bibliographic databases, as well as electronic books and electronic periodicals, these resources are characterized by the magnitude of content, continuous modernity, and linguistic diversity, the ability to permanently meet the needs of faculty members. The study sample consisted of 150 faculty members from all disciplines and academic degrees at the university, consistently standard of 137 faculty members from this sample. The study was keen to apply the survey methodology through the main measurement tool (the questionnaire), which consists of 16 main vocabularies that constitute the direction of measurement for the study. The study reached many results, the most important of which is that the high percentage of staff members use teaching Electronic Information Resources significantly, that they can meet teaching and research needs and upgrade academic, as well as there is a broad trend of satisfaction towards the use of full-text databases from other forms of databases. The study showed that the preferred form of access to the types of Electronic Information Resources is through the Saudi Digital Library for free, and there is a tendency of faculty members towards access through the home is larger than the university campus. In general, the study found a high percentage of faculty members ’satisfaction with the use of Electronic Information Resources and the extent of their impact on the flourishing of scientific research. Also, it recommended the necessity of increasing training programs towards using research methods for Electronic Information Resources and intensifying the use of the Internet through the university campus with linking Electronic Information Resources to academic courses.
BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS OF VASCULAR DISFUNCTION INDUCED BY TYPE 2 DIABETES IN FEMALE RATS WITH NORMO- OR HYPOESTROGENIC STATE
Authors: Borikov Oleksii , Gorbenko Nataliia , Ivanova Olha , Kiprich Tetiana , Taran K. V. , Trzhetsynskyi S. D.
Published: July 2021

The effect of estrogen deficiency on the biochemical parameters of vascular dysfunction induced by type 2 diabetes in female rats was investigated. It was shown that hypoestrogenic state in combination with diabetes promotes more expressive manifestation of insulin resistance and enhances oxidative stress in the blood serum. However, estrogens level does not influence on the hyperglycemia development and changes in activity of nitric oxide synthase and heme oxygenase in the vessels of diabetic animals.
THE DISTURBANCE OF OXIDATION-REDUCTION HOMEOSTASIS IN THE HEART MITOCHONDRIA OF DIABETIC RAT WITH ESTROGEN DEFICIENCY
Authors: Gorbenko Nataliia , Borikov Oleksii , Ivanova Olha , Kiprich Tetiana , Taran K.
Published: July 2021

It was investigated the role of estrogen deficiency, type 2 diabetes and their combination in oxidation-reduction homeostasis of the heart mitochondria in experimental rats. It was established that estrogen deficiency and type 2 diabetes leads to oxidative stress in the mitochondria of cardiomyocytes increasing the reactive oxygen species production and reducing the activity of antioxidant enzymes — superoxide dismutase and glutathione, wherein the diabetic condition inhibits the mitochondrial antioxidant system of the heart more than estrogen deficiency. The combination of type 2 diabetes with estrogen deficiency causes additive stimulatory effect on reactive oxygen species production, however, does not increase the negative effects of diabetes on the antioxidant defense system in the heart mitochondria.
PATHOGENETIC MECHANISMS AND THERAPEUTIC ASPECTS OF OMEGA-3 POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS IN DIABETES MELLITUS (literature review and own data)
Authors: Serhiyenko V. , Azhmi S. , Serhiyenko L. , Serhiyenko A.
Published: July 2021

In the review the present day data and own results about mechanisms of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are presented. The peculiarities of influence on 1) glucose metabolism; 2) chronic inflammatory process; 3) platelet aggregation and hemostasis; 4) endothelial dysfunction; 5) blood pressure regulation; 6) parameters of the vascular wall rigidity; 7) heart rate variability; 8) development of arrhythmias are presented. Results of our study prove that its prescription is accompanied by hypolipidaemic effect. Numerous studies report salutary effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on cardiovascular diseases risk factors and justify the benefits of using this drug by diabetes mellitus.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BLOOD LIPID PROFILE AND URICEMIA LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS ACCORDING TO GENDER
Authors: Cherniaieva A. O. , Mykytyuk M. R. , Karachentsev Y. I. , Kravchun N. O.
Published: July 2021

The purpose of the study was to determine the incidence of hyperuricemia and to analyze the relationship between blood lipid profile and uric acid values in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus according to gender. 161 patients with type 2 diabetes (67 men and 94 women) who received oral glucose-lowering therapy were examined. In the overall sample, 88 % of men and 95.7 % of women were over 50 years of age. Given the level of uric acid in the blood, patients were divided into groups: 1A (n = 43) — with blood uric acid level within the reference values for men (< 420 мmol/l), 1B (n = 24) — the blood uric acid level was above the upper limit of the reference value for men (> 420 мmol/l), 2A (n = 54) — with blood uric acid level within the reference values for women ( 350 мmol/l). BMI in women was significantly higher than in men (33.83 ± 6.6) and (30.83 ± 4.5) kg/m2 (P = 0.001); IOT/ OS was significantly higher in males ((1.03 ± 0.11) and (0.97 ± 0.10) cu, respectively (P = 0.003). Significantly higher levels of cholesterol were observed in women than in men ((1.17 ± 0.29) and (1.06 ± 0.16) mmol/l, respectively (P = 0.006). Hyperuricemia was diagnosed in 39.8% of patients in the total sample. Comparison of the frequency of hyperuricemia in men and women revealed no significant differences (35.8 and 42.6%, respectively). In normouricemic male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the level of CHD was associated with the age and blood level of uric acid; HDL-cholesterol level — with age, disease duration and blood level of uric acid; TG level — with the level of uric acid in the blood. In normouricemic female patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, CSF level was associated with HbAc1 level; the level of HDL-cholesterol — with age and BMI; TG level — with the blood level of uric acid. The level of HDL-cholesterol was associated with hyperuricemia in male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The level of CHD, HDL-cholesterol and TG were independently associated with the level of glycemic control of the disease in «hyperuricemic» female patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
DIABETIC POLYNEUROPATHIES: OPTIONS OF THE COURSE AND INFLUENCE ON THE QUALITY OF PATIENTS’ LIFE
Authors: Tykhonova T. M. , Smilka Y. M.
Published: July 2021

Diabetic peripheral polyneuropathy (DPN) is one of the most frequent and serious complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). Appearing at any stage of the evolution of diabetes, polyneuropathy determines the severity of the underlying disease and often leads to disability of patients. Among the lesions of the peripheral nervous system in diabetes, as a rule, diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy and autonomic neuropathy are distinguished. Of great practical importance is diabetic autonomic neuropathy (DAN), the development of which has a significant effect not only on the course of diabetes, increasing metabolic disturbances, but also on the psycho-emotional state of patients, their social adaptation, restricts professional activity and often has a traumatic effect with appropriate psycho-emotional consequences up to the development of mental disorders. The most common form of DPN is recognized as chronic symmetric sensorimotor polyneuropathy (CSSMPN), which is manifested by sensations of numbness, chilliness, tingling and/or pain in the extremities, symmetric disturbances of all types of sensitivity (pain, temperature, tactile and vibration) are also observed — in areas of type of «socks» and «gloves». The overwhelming majority of patients with CSSMPN note emotional discomfort, communication problems, including in the family, and, in general, show lower quality of life indicators than patients with diabetes in the absence of DPN. In case of violation of the sensitivity of the fingers and the occurrence of other neuropathic manifestations, the use of portable glucometers and thin test-strips during self-monitoring can cause certain difficulties in patients. For people with impaired finger sensitivity, it is advisable to use BIONIME Rightesttm test-strips, the design of which provides convenience when using them.
A Natural Language Processing–Assisted Extraction System for Gleason Scores: Development and Usability Study
Authors: Yu Shun , Le Anh , Feld Emily , Schriver Emily , Gabriel Peter , Doucette Abigail , Narayan Vivek , Feldman Michael , Schwartz Lauren , Maxwell Kara , Mowery Danielle
Published: July 2021

Background

Natural language processing (NLP) offers significantly faster variable extraction compared to traditional human extraction but cannot interpret complicated notes as well as humans can. Thus, we hypothesized that an “NLP-assisted” extraction system, which uses humans for complicated notes and NLP for uncomplicated notes, could produce faster extraction without compromising accuracy.

Objective

The aim of this study was to develop and pilot an NLP-assisted extraction system to leverage the strengths of both human and NLP extraction of prostate cancer Gleason scores.

Methods

We collected all available clinical and pathology notes for prostate cancer patients in an unselected academic biobank cohort. We developed an NLP system to extract prostate cancer Gleason scores from both clinical and pathology notes. Next, we designed and implemented the NLP-assisted extraction system algorithm to categorize notes into “uncomplicated” and “complicated” notes. Uncomplicated notes were assigned to NLP extraction and complicated notes were assigned to human extraction. We randomly reviewed 200 patients to assess the accuracy and speed of our NLP-assisted extraction system and compared it to NLP extraction alone and human extraction alone.

Results

Of the 2051 patients in our cohort, the NLP system extracted a prostate surgery Gleason score from 1147 (55.92%) patients and a prostate biopsy Gleason score from 1624 (79.18%) patients. Our NLP-assisted extraction system had an overall accuracy rate of 98.7%, which was similar to the accuracy of human extraction alone (97.5%; P=.17) and significantly higher than the accuracy of NLP extraction alone (95.3%; P<.001). Moreover, our NLP-assisted extraction system reduced the workload of human extractors by approximately 95%, resulting in an average extraction time of 12.7 seconds per patient (vs 256.1 seconds per patient for human extraction alone).

Conclusions

We demonstrated that an NLP-assisted extraction system was able to achieve much faster Gleason score extraction compared to traditional human extraction without sacrificing accuracy.
Development of a Search Task Using Immersive Virtual Reality: Proof-of-Concept Study
Authors: Knobel Samuel Elia Johannes , Kaufmann Brigitte Charlotte , Gerber Stephan Moreno , Urwyler Prabitha , Cazzoli Dario , Müri René M , Nef Tobias , Nyffeler Thomas
Published: July 2021

Background

Serious games are gaining increasing importance in neurorehabilitation since they increase motivation and adherence to therapy, thereby potentially improving its outcome. The benefits of serious games, such as the possibility to implement adaptive feedback and the calculation of comparable performance measures, can be even further improved by using immersive virtual reality (iVR), allowing a more intuitive interaction with training devices and higher ecological validity.

Objective

This study aimed to develop a visual search task embedded in a serious game setting for iVR, including self-adapting difficulty scaling, thus being able to adjust to the needs and ability levels of different groups of individuals.

Methods

In a two-step process, a serious game in iVR (bird search task) was developed and tested in healthy young (n=21) and elderly (n=23) participants and in a group of patients with impaired visual exploration behavior (ie, patients with hemispatial neglect after right-hemispheric stroke; n=11). Usability, side effects, game experience, immersion, and presence of the iVR serious game were assessed by validated questionnaires. Moreover, in the group of stroke patients, the performance in the iVR serious game was also considered with respect to hemispatial neglect severity, as assessed by established objective hemispatial neglect measures.

Results

In all 3 groups, reported usability of the iVR serious game was above 4.5 (on a Likert scale with scores ranging from 1 to 5) and reported side effects were infrequent and of low intensity (below 1.5 on a Likert scale with scores ranging from 1 to 4). All 3 groups equally judged the iVR serious game as highly motivating and entertaining. Performance in the game (in terms of mean search time) showed a lateralized increase in search time in patients with hemispatial neglect that varied strongly as a function of objective hemispatial neglect severity.

Conclusions

The developed iVR serious game, “bird search task,” was a motivating, entertaining, and immersive task, which can, due to its adaptive difficulty scaling, adjust and be played by different populations with different levels of skills, including individuals with cognitive impairments. As a complementary finding, it seems that performance in the game is able to capture typical patterns of impaired visual exploration behavior in hemispatial neglect, as there is a high correlation between performance and neglect severity as assessed with a cancellation task.
Investigating the Mechanisms of Graded Sensorimotor Precision Training in Adults With Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain: Protocol for a Causal Mediation Analysis of the RESOLVE Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Cashin Aidan G , Lee Hopin , Bagg Matthew K , Wand Benedict M , O'Hagan Edel , Rizzo Rodrigo R N , Stanton Tasha R , Moseley G Lorimer , McAuley James H
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a global health problem associated with an increasing burden on individuals, health care systems, and society. Common treatments for people with CLBP produce, on average, small short-term improvements in pain and function compared with minimal care. The RESOLVE trial randomly allocated 276 people with CLBP to a new complex treatment strategy, pain education integrated with graded sensorimotor precision training (RESOLVE), or a sham control. The RESOLVE treatment was developed within a theoretical framework to target possible treatment mechanisms associated with CLBP development and persistence.

OBJECTIVE

This protocol describes the planned evaluation of these proposed treatment mechanisms. Improved understanding of the mechanisms underpinning the RESOLVE treatment may guide its refinement and implementation.

METHODS

We will use causal mediation analysis to evaluate the proposed treatment mechanisms, including pain self-efficacy, back beliefs, pain catastrophizing, kinesiophobia, back perception, tactile acuity, and movement coordination. The primary outcomes are pain intensity and function at 18 weeks following allocation. Data were collected blind to allocation and hypotheses at baseline (mediators, outcomes, confounders), end of treatment (mediators), and at 18 weeks following allocation (outcomes). We will test the robustness of our findings by conducting planned sensitivity analyses.

RESULTS

Ethical approval was granted by the University of New South Wales Human Research Ethics Committee (HC15357). A total of 276 participants have been recruited from primary care practices and the community in Sydney, Australia.

CONCLUSIONS

The RESOLVE treatment constitutes a new paradigm for CLBP management with potentially wide-reaching implications. This mechanistic evaluation will provide evidence for the hypothesized treatment mechanisms and help explain why the treatment strategy did or did not have an effect on patient-reported outcomes. These results will help guide the treatment refinement and implementation.

CLINICALTRIAL

Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12615000610538; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=368619&isReview=true

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/26053
Supportive Accountability and Mobile App Use in a Tobacco Control Intervention Targeting Low-Income Minority Mothers Who Smoke: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Lepore Stephen J , Collins Bradley N , Killam Howard W , Barry Barbara
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

Smartphone mobile apps are frequently used in standalone or multimodal smoking cessation interventions. However, factors that impede or improve app usage are poorly understood.

OBJECTIVE

This study used the supportive accountability model to investigate factors that influence app usage in the context of a trial designed to reduce maternal smoking in low-income and predominantly minority communities.

METHODS

We conducted a secondary analysis of data (N=181) from a randomized controlled trial that included a smoking cessation app (QuitPal-m). Supportive accountability was measured by the number of times a participant was advised by their cessation counselor to use QuitPal-m. Participants reported app use helpfulness and barriers. Investigators tracked reported phone and technical problems that impeded app use.

RESULTS

Most participants rated the app as very helpful (103/155, 66.5%), but daily use declined rapidly over time. App use was positively related to the level of perceived app helpfulness (P=.02) and education (P=.002) and inversely related to perceived barriers (P=.003), phone technical problems (P<.001), and cigarettes smoked per day at the end of treatment (P<.001). Participants used the app a greater proportion of the days following app advice than those preceding app advice (0.45 versus 0.34; P<.001). The positive relation between counselor app advice and app usage 24 hours after receiving advice was stronger among smokers with no plan to quit than in those planning to quit (P=.03), independent of education and phone or app problems.

CONCLUSIONS

Findings show the utility of supportive accountability for increasing smoking cessation app use in a predominantly low-income, minority population, particularly if quit motivation is low. Results also highlight the importance of addressing personal and phone/technical barriers in addition to adding supportive accountability.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02602288; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02602288
The Attribution Effect: An Exploration of Self-Focused Augmented Reality, Causal Attributions of Risk, and Vaccination Intentions During Covid-19 (Preprint)
Authors: Seals Ayanna , Shaer Orit , Nov Oded
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

Self-focused augmented reality (AR) technologies layer one’s self-reflection with digital content. This design feature is growing in popularity through applications such as Instagram and TikTok, presenting an opportunity to explore perceptual and behavioral implications that may have practical application in health communication and behavior change.

OBJECTIVE

While previous literature suggests an impact of self-focused AR on increased negative emotions towards a health threat, perceived threat severity and susceptibility, and mitigative behavioral intentions, we aimed to examine the impact of self-focus AR on causal attributions during the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS

A between-subjects web-based experiment was conducted to compare the causal attribution and vaccine intentions of participants in self-focused AR and non-self-focused conditions.

RESULTS

A total of 432 participants were included in the analysis. We found that experiencing a vaccine informational animation as self-focus AR predicted higher scores of participants' internal causal attributions towards the risk of contracting the virus (B = -1.10, SE = .43, 95% CI[-1.94,-.27], β = -.30, P = .01). However, self-focused AR effects on vaccination intentions were not significant.

CONCLUSIONS

Our results suggest that self-focused AR may be an effective strategy for health communications aiming to increase personal causal attributions.
Practical and Emotional Problems Reported by Users of a Self-guided Digital Problem-solving Intervention During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Content Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Hentati Amira , Forsell Erik , Ljótsson Brjánn , Kraepelien Martin
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

To better direct assessments and interventions toward the general population during both the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and future crises with societal restrictions, data on the types of practical and emotional problems that people are experiencing are needed.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to examine the types of practical and emotional problems that the general population is experiencing during the COVID-19 pandemic and to construct an empirically derived inventory based on the findings.

METHODS

A total of 396 participants, recruited among members of the general public in Sweden who were experiencing practical and/or emotional problems during the pandemic, accessed a self-guided digital problem-solving intervention for a period of 1 week to report and solve the problems they experienced. Prior to accessing the intervention, the participants completed a short self-assessment regarding symptoms of depression and anxiety. Content analysis was used to account for the types of problems participants reported. A set of items for an inventory was later proposed based on the problem categories derived from the analysis.

RESULTS

A majority of participants had clinically relevant symptoms of either depression or anxiety. The problems reported were categorized as 13 distinct types of problems. The most common problem was difficulty managing daily activities. Based on the categories, a 13-item inventory was proposed.

CONCLUSIONS

The 13 types of problems, and the proposed inventory, could be valuable when composing assessments and interventions for the general population during the ongoing pandemic or similar crises with societal restrictions. The most common problem was of a practical nature, indicating the importance of including examples of such problems within assessments and interventions.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04677270; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04677270
THE ECONOMICS OF NEW DEVELOPMENTALISM: A CRITICAL ASSESSMENT
Authors: Palley Thomas
Published: July 2021

This paper critically assesses the economics of New Developmentalism (ND). It begins by identifying and formalizing the principal components of ND which are identified as neutralizing Dutch disease, ending growth with foreign saving, development driven by a technologically advanced and internationally competitive manufacturing private sector, and getting macroeconomic prices right. It then examines four strands of critique consisting of internal economic logic critiques, Classical Developmentalism (CD) critiques, Keynesian and Neo-Kaleckian critiques, and the fighting the last war critique. To this author, ND is best understood as a Third Way styled analysis that blends CD heterodoxy and Neoliberalism. However, ND’s substantive policy recommendations lean in the Neoliberal direction, particularly as regards budget deficits and state intervention in the development process. From a Classical Development perspective, the problematic of development cannot be solved as easily as suggested by ND.

 

LA ECONOMÍA DEL NUEVO DESARROLLISMO: UNA EVALUACIÓN CRÍTICA

RESUMEN

En este artículo evalúo de forma crítica la economía del nuevo desarrollismo (ND). Comienza por identificar y formalizar los principales componentes del ND descritos por la neutralización de la enfermedad holandesa, la eliminación del crecimiento con ahorro externo, el desarrollo motivado por un sector manufacturero privado tecnológicamente avanzado y competitivo a nivel internacional y el establecimiento de precios macroeconómicos correctos. Posteriormente examino cuatro aspectos consistentes en la crítica de la lógica económica interna, la crítica del desarrollismo clásico (DC), las críticas keynesiana y neokaleckiana y la lucha de la crítica de la última guerra. El ND se entiende mejor como un análisis estilizado de tercera vía que combina heterodoxia y neoliberalismo. Sin embargo, sus recomendaciones de política sustantivas se inclinan en dirección neoliberal, en particular en lo que se refiere a los déficit fiscales y a la intervención del Estado en el proceso de desarrollo. Desde la perspectiva del desarrollo clásico, la problemática del desarrollo no puede resolverse de forma tan fácil como sugiere el ND.
Gestión política y potencial de autogobierno: la acción colectiva para el desarrollo
Authors: Colin-Castillo Sergio , Morales-González David
Published: July 2021

The formation of self-government for the collective control and management of natural resources faces many limitations, especially when it comes to Common-Pool Resources (CPR). One of the objectives of this work is to take up some theoretical references that detail certain economic, social, and political conditions, which will allow ex-ante evaluation of the potential success of self-government, by the means of identification and design of key indicators, a model of which there is no indication of application for the administration and management of the CPR. The methodological proposal presented here is complemented by the inclusion of the influence of political parties as a variable, relevant institutionalized actor in local or regional contexts for the use of common goods, generators of leadership that integrate shared objectives that have an impact on the achievement of collective action for the self-government of the CPRs.
Diálogo de saberes multidisciplinario, temporada 2: El reto de la página en blanco en un proyecto de investigación
Authors: Flores-Pérez Ana María , Hernández-Coló María del Rosario , Hernández-Martínez Xóchitl Adriana , Mosqueda-Moreno María Teresa , Núñez-González Patricia , Pérez-Olivares Iztzel , Rodríguez-Alonso Elvia Mónica , Rodríguez-Sánchez Rosendo , Santamaría-Aguirre María del Consuelo
Published: July 2021

Through the Permanent Seminar for Research Dissemination or SEPEDI developed by FES Acatlán, there have been collaborative discussions on academic writing projects which enable researchers to build their self-confidence and their productivity. As part of this seminar, an event was organized to discuss the best practices in regard to the stages of a research process which helps to overcome the possible challenges that researchers face during this process.
proceso de integración de México en las redes científicas internacionales y el afianzamiento de sus normas y valores en la Sociedad Científica “Antonio Alzate” (1884-1912)
Authors: Azuela B. Luz Fernanda , Serrano Juárez José Daniel
Published: July 2021

Como resultado de la integración de México a los mercados internacionales en el último cuarto del siglo XIX, numerosas innovaciones tecno-científicas foráneas fueron introducidas en diversos ámbitos de la vida económica y social del país. Simultáneamente, se consolidó el proceso de “universalización” del conocimiento científico, iniciado en Europa en el siglo XVII y afianzado en el XIX con la integración de nuevos espacios geográficos a las redes de intercambio y colaboración. El presente trabajo aborda los principales rasgos de ese proceso en México y examina el desarrollo de la Sociedad Científica “Antonio Alzate” como modelo de una nueva concepción de la sociabilidad científica, tanto en la formulación de sus principios epistémicos, como en el alcance de su vocación internacionalista.
Precursores del “periodismo psiquiátrico” en la ciudad de México a finales del siglo XIX
Authors: Maya González José Antonio
Published: July 2021

El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar tres piezas de géneros periodísticos diferentes sobre la vida en los manicomios Hospital de San Hipólito (para hombres) y el Divino Salvador (para mujeres), ambos en la ciudad de México, a fines del siglo XIX. Los autores de los textos, Hilarión  Frías y Soto, Julio Poulat y Francisco Zárate, fueron escritores-periodistas interesados en observar, describir y recrear la vida dentro de los manicomios mediante sus escritos. El argumento principal del presente artículo es que sus producciones discursivas fueron una opción narrativa más dentro de las diversas ofertas periodísticas de los diarios capitalinos de la época interesados en las cuestiones mentales.
nostro Governo ha basi formidabili nella coscienza della Nazione
Authors: Spindola Zago Octavio
Published: July 2021

En este artículo se analiza el régimen fascista como fenómeno transnacional clave en el escenario político de la primera mitad del siglo XX con un enfoque historiográfico global. Primero revisamos su trayectoria histórica en Italia, desde su etapa movimental hasta el ocaso de la dictadura de Mussolini, enfatizando la dinámica electoral y legislativa del régimen. Enseguida acercaremos la lente a la emisión del discurso nacionalista, los dispositivos corporativos y los mecanismos políticos autoritarios irradiados desde Roma y, finalmente, reconstruimos las recepciones de “la tercera vía” en la formación del Estado mexicano durante la posrevolución y su impacto en la dinámica cultural e identitaria de la diáspora italiana en la colonia Chipilo en el estado de Puebla, México.
¿Una misma desigualdad? Heterogeneidad estructural, protección social y distribución del ingreso en clave comparada
Authors: Salvia Agustín , Poy Santiago , Robles Ramiro
Published: July 2021

Este artículo analiza las formas en las que las rentas laborales y las transferencias de políticas de bienestar estructuran la desigualdad distributiva en Argentina y España. El coeficiente de desigualdad de Gini de ambos países guarda similitud. ¿Existe una misma desigualdad en Argentina y España? Desde un enfoque estructuralista e institucionalista, se examina la hipótesis de que la heterogeneidad de la estructura productiva y sus efectos sobre el mercado de trabajo y los sistemas de protección social resultan dominantes para explicar el patrón distributivo. Por consiguiente, la semejanza advertida ocultaría matrices distributivas disímiles. Se implementó un análisis descriptivo y un modelo de descomposición del coeficiente de Gin a partir de microdatos de la Encuesta Permanente de Hogares y de la Encuesta de Condiciones de Vida. Los resultados revelan diferencias estructurales tras las medidas descriptivas: en Argentina son fundamentales los ingresos laborales del sector microinformal –de muy baja incidencia en España–, mientras que en el país europeo son centrales los ingresos por protección social.
Bienestar y clase social. La desigualdad social en clave comparativa: Reino Unido, España y Argentina
Authors: Ayos Emilio Jorge , Pla Jésica
Published: July 2021

En este artículo analizamos la distribución y la composición por fuente de los ingresos individuales y de los hogares, y su relación con la estructura social, como forma de aprehender las modalidades de satisfacción de necesidades y la producción de bienestar desde una perspectiva comparativa, seleccionando los casos de Reino Unido, España y Argentina. Se usa un abordaje cuantitativo, basado en micro-datos de encuestas de hogares. Retomamos la discusión sobre las formas de articulación entre las diferentes instituciones que participan en la provisión del bienestar, es decir, los debates sobre la diversidad de regímenes de bienestar que organizan a las sociedades capitalistas contemporáneas. Aportaremos evidencia empírica que muestra el peso excluyente que tienen los ingresos laborales para las clases trabajadoras en el caso latinoamericano en comparación con los casos europeos.
Presentación del debate "El futuro del trabajo ante los retos de la economía de plataformas y de la industria 4.0"
Authors: Fernández Rodríguez Carlos J.
Published: July 2021

Uno de los debates más candentes en el espacio de la sociología del trabajo y las organizaciones desde hace décadas es, sin lugar a dudas, el de los retos del empleo ante la progresiva tecnificación del aparato productivo y la proliferación de nuevas soluciones, robóticas y digitales, que a priori pueden transformar de forma radical las industrias del futuro (ver Gurrutxaga y Galarraga, 2017; Lahera Sánchez, 2019). La premonición de que la tecnología cambiará por completo el mercado de trabajo ha sido una constante, desde el clásico texto de Rifkin (2010) “El fin del trabajo”, hasta las advertencias de una desaparición del empleo convencional ante la emergencia de una economía colaborativa sin intermediarios (Botsman y Rogers, 2010)
Digital Competencies and Technologies of New Sincerity in the Web 4.0 Era
Authors: Fortunatov Anton N. , Voskresenskaya Natalia G.
Published: July 2021

The problem of social aggression of young people that are immersed in digital communication has become the subject of this study. The authors did not confine to the state of the depressing condition of the ethical sphere in digital communication. They wanted to find out the underlying causes of the social antagonism and the conflict. One of the most important reasons for social destruction is the lack of clear space-time coordinates for a virtual subject. It leads to the use of the passive personality by the technologies themselves. A man turns into material for algorithms, and his psychophysics becomes a continuation of impersonal technology. This situation characterizes the formation of a new era of Web 4.0, which the authors call counter communication. Interactivity is a thing of the past. Technologies of new sincerity come to its place. Outrageousness, detabooing, use of eroticism are forms of communicative use of a virtual subject who, in the modern communicative space, is in a state of unrelenting tension, which only changes its mode in connection with all new reasons for exaltation. The study of the psyche of young people completely immersed in the virtual world has become a confirmation that virtual ethics is moving further and further from the traditional ethical principles. Their social skills, as well as social protection, were the lowest among the various groups of young people. Communication for them ultimately turns into a persistent search for entertainment, into a striving for a hedonistically comfortable environment, into denial of socially significant topics and problems.
Andrey Platonov and Literary Moscow: the History of Influences and Reflections: Book review of: Malygina, N.M. (2018). Andrey Platonov and Literary Moscow: Monograph. Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Nestor-Istorija Publ.
Authors: Kravets Anastasia S.
Published: July 2021

The review gives the analysis of a new biographical study on Andrey Platonov and the Moscow literary environment. The monograph by N.M. Malygina restores the phenomena of literary Moscow in 1920-1940-s, it also gives an idea of the place the writer took and the role he played among professionals. As well it illustrates the relationship and influence of authors and critics on each other. For the first time the artistic world and the writers strategy of Andrei Platonov are compared with the world and the strategy of B.L. Pasternak.
Apuntes para la historia de los carruajes y otros vehículos representativos en el virreinato de Nueva Granada
Authors: Recio Mir Álvaro
Published: July 2021

Este artículo recoge las referencias conocidas de los coches que circularon por el virreinato de Nueva Granada y aporta nueva documentación al respecto. Tal contenido, en el marco del mundo hispánico, tendrá como objetivo analizar el desarrollo de su carrocería y mostrar su trascendencia, ya que el carruaje fue uno de los grandes fetiches de distinción social en la Edad Moderna, que afectó tanto a la política como al urbanismo, laarquitectura y la fiesta.
تشديد العقوبة في الفقه الإسلامي زنا المحارم أنموذجاً
Authors: Alkarim Hammad Hamza Abed , Ali Abdul Karim
Published: July 2021

This study aims to identify what are the factors, which aggravate the degree of punishment in fiqh and then apply them to the case of incest. The study adopts the analytical method, then the comparative jurisprudential method. It concluded that Islamic jurisprudence has defined the issue of aggravating the penalty, and justified the reasons for its severity, such as: the sanctity of the place where the crime took place or the sanctity of time, and it also concluded that the jurists differed in the severity of the punishment pertaining to the issue of incest.
Cabaran Kalendar Islam Global di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0
Authors: Azhari Susiknan
Published: July 2021

Muslims’ aspiration to have an international or global Islamic calendar has long been discoursed through various meetings nationally and internationally. In this context, Malaysia has played an imperative role through the “World Conference on International Islamic Calendar” on 29 Rabiul Awal-2 Rabiul Akhir 1412 H/8-10 October 1991 at Science University of Malaysia (USM) Penang. This meeting instigated programs and steps towards the unification of the International Islamic Calendar and also known as the “Penang Declaration of 1991. In 2016/1437, Conference on the Unification of the Islamic Calendar which had been held in Turkey has established the concept of global Islamic calendar. The Principle of the Global Islamic Calendar has an epistemological basis that allows the realization of “One Day One Date for the Whole World”. However, not entire Muslim recognized the Turkey’s 2016/1437 results positively. The tendency of rejection is more influenced by the fiqh aspect. Some Muslim assume that the Turkey’s 2016/1437 decision ignores the “fiqh” the concept of matla’ so which has been applied all this while. Therefore, tahawwul al-fikr of Islamic calender from locality to global base is vital by reviving the understanding of hadiths regarding ru’yah and matla’.
Flowers for Louise Gluck, or On the Possible Uses of Poetic Pragmatism
Authors: Venediktova Tatiana D.
Published: July 2021

May not a “sorceress”/poet be “a pragmatist at heart” (Louise Gluck)? How does her “sorcery” — to quote the Nobel jury: using “poetic voice” to make “individual existence universal” — communicate and work in her readers? How may the notion of language as experience inherited from the pragmatist tradition inform literary pedagogy in the age of globalization? A sample of recent (December 2020) readings of Louise Gluck’s poems by Moscow University students is considered, including their judgments on the measure and scope of the poet’s “universality”. Slow motion, experiential reading inviting “disentrenchment” of the subject position is suggested as a useful alternative to text-centredness and insistence on the unique and holistic nature of the cultural context.
Pinocchio of the Red Decade: On Stage and on Screen
Authors: Kleiman Yulia A.
Published: July 2021

Walt Disney’s studio created second full-length film Pinocchio in 1940. Its plot and interpretation of the characters were significantly different from the Carlo Collodi’s novel. Disney wrote enthusiastic letter to playwright and director Yasha Frank, who staged Pinocchio as theatre extravaganza in 1937. This production has become a landmark of the Children’s Theatre Project in the framework of Federal Theatre Project, being visually picturesque, inventive and up-to-date according to its social message. It was a story about the complexity of the emergence of a new human, which was especially significant in the context of the ideas of revising the structure of society. There is a reason to see in the Pinocchio script an attempt to substitute theatre dramaturgy by circus language, so essential for the Soviet theater of 1910–20s. The plot was split into numbers performed by professional variety and circus performers, and was reassembled: gags were an organic part of this new plot. However, Frank may not have escaped the influence of animation as well. The article is based on Yasha Frank’s working script, photos and reviews. It examines circus and cinema elements that were used for the theatre’s Pinocchio by Yasha Frank, and its influence to famous Walt Disney’ studio cartoon.
Quarter Century of American Studies in Volgograd
Authors: Kubyshkin Alexandеr I. , Kurilla Ivan I.
Published: July 2021

The article describes activities of the Center for American Studies “Americana” at Volgograd State University in 1995—2020. The authors analyze the conditions that made possible development of American studies in Volgograd in the second half of the 1990s, show what was possible with the limited resources available to the center, and what problems have become difficult for the work of “Americana” in recent years. Teaching Russian and American students, exchange programs and joint online courses, research, publications, “people's diplomacy”, organization of conferences and seminars, uniting historians, political scientists, philologists, linguists, philosophers, architects and other Volgograd scholars in the study of the countries of American continent, creating a network of colleagues and partners from many cities of Russia, as well as from the USA and Canada — looking back over this quarter of a century, we can say with confidence that the Center “Americana” has succeeded. Special attention in the article is paid to the cooperation of the center's historians with literary scholars and linguists who worked in other universities and research organizations. The authors note an institutional asymmetry in the study of Russia in the United States and the United States in Russia: American Russianists find more resources and opportunities in times of exacerbation of Russian — American relations, while Russian Americanists get better opportunities when relations between the two countries improve. Changes in bilateral relations also influenced the activities and capabilities of the Volgograd center. However, it continues to work actively, as shown by a large conference held in Volgograd in September 2020 and the release of the next, 16th issue of the collection Americana in the winter of the same year. This means that the groundwork created in the first 15 years of the research center's service in Volgograd is helping the new generation of Volgograd Americanists get through difficult times.
“My Beloved Hal”: Harper Lee's Best Kept Secret
Authors: Zakharov Denis V.
Published: July 2021

Writer’s dating life is an important part of his literary work. It either inspires the author to literary feats, or makes him unable to work successfully. The love life of the 1961 Pulitzer Prize winner Nelle Harper Lee has always been a subject of interest for her biographers, since information about it was carefully hidden. Ms. Lee did not give interviews, did not speak publicly, and answered “Hell, no,” for all requests to help create an authorized biography of her. In March 2018, Stuart A. Rose Manuscript, Archives, & Rare Book Library (Atlanta, USA) bought six unique letters by Harper Lee. They were written in the period from 1956 to 1961 and addressed to Harold Gray Caufield, a New York architect, whose biography has not yet attracted the attention of researchers. The author of the article, having read Harper Lee's letters thoughtfully, made his own investigation to uncover littleknown details about Harold Caufield’s personality. What kind of relationship did Nelle and Harold really have? The article reproduces photos of the probable lover of Harper Lee for the first time.
Nucleación de vórtices y antivórtices en películas superconductoras con nanoestructuras magnéticas
Authors: Barba Ortega Jose Jose , Rincon Joya Miryam
Published: July 2021

En este trabajo investigamos teóricamente la configuración de vórtices y anti vórtices en una película superconductora magnéticamente nanoestructurada resolviendo numéricamente el sistema de ecuaciones diferenciales no lineales Ginzburg-Landau dependientes del tiempo. Interesantes estructuras de vórtices y antivórtices son encontradas cuando una película fina superconductora es cubierta por una red de dipolos magnéticos. Mostramos que debido a los (anti) vórtices y la supercorriente inducida por los dipolos magnéticos, la corriente crítica de la muestra incrementa si es expuesta a un campo magnético externo, caso contrario al lo que sucede en superconductores convencionales.Palabras clave: Antivórtices, Dipolos magnéticos, Nanoestructuras, Superconductor.
Influencia de las fibras de carbono y fibras de vidrio en materiales compuestos como modelo en la implementación de pisos industriales.
Authors: Aperador Willian , Delgado Arnoldo , Bautista- Ruiz Jorge Hernando
Published: July 2021

Se diseñaron y construyeron baldosas de material compuesto por fibra de vidrio y fibra de carbono como agentes reforzantes en una resina de poliéster como matriz. En este trabajo se evaluó el efecto que proporciona cada uno de los agentes, anteriormente mencionados, dentro de la matriz en el mejoramiento de las propiedades mecánicas del material fibro- reforzado. La caracterización mecánica se realizó mediante ensayos de flexión. Para ello se aumentó gradualmente la carga sobre la baldosa a ensayar hasta lograr la ruptura, dando como resultado un índice de esfuerzo mayor en la baldosa que ha sido reforzada con las fibras. Del estudio se concluye que el agente reforzante (fibra de vidrio y fibra de carbono) dentro de la baldosa, tiene efectos significativos en la matriz del material compuesto, porque estas baldosas soportan mayores esfuerzos inducidos.Palabras clave: fibra de vidrio, fibra de carbono, flexión, compuesto de matriz polimérica.