bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Discusión en torno al concepto de neonazismo
Authors: Bochicchio Ana Laura
Published: November 2022

Un lugar destacado en la organización de la extrema derecha de posguerra estadounidense lo ocupó el neonazi George Lincoln Rockwell, fundador del American Nazi Party (1959). El objetivo de este trabajo es reflexionar sobre el concepto neonazismo, con el fin de delimitar el caso en Estados Unidos. El entendimiento de tal concepto permitirá comprender el fenómeno del neonazismo en dicho país durante la década de 1960, desde la óptica de sus propios actores. Rockwell aglutinó la utilización simbólica del nazismo para construir un discurso anticomunista y racista al estilo estadounidense, por sobre el cual se imponía el nazismo como legitimador de una ideología aplicable al resto del mundo. No se pretende brindar una guía minuciosa de todos los análisis existentes sobre el nazismo, sino nombrar aquellas teorías que han tenido mayor importancia a la hora de encarar estudios en torno al neonazismo. De tal modo, se pretende manejar una definición que dé cuenta de las diferencias con los movimientos de entreguerras originales al mismo tiempo que indique cuáles son los lazos que los unen y permiten referirse a ellos incluyendo el prefijo “neo”.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA AKTIVITAS FISIK DENGAN NYERI SENDI LANSIA DI POSYANDU MELATI KELURAHAN MUGASSARI KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Arien Purbasari Yuke , Soesanto Edy
Published: November 2022

Abstrak

Nyeri sendi merupakan masalah yang paling umum terjadi dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Lebih dari separuh lansia mengeluhkan nyeri yang berhubungan dengan perubahan muskuloskeletal akibat aktivitas yang berlebihan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara aktivitas fisik dengan intensitas nyeri sendi pada lansia. Desain penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif deskriptif korelasional dengan pendekatan Crosssectional. Populasi adalah seluruh lansia yang berada di Posyandu Melati Kelurahan Mugassari Kota Semarang pada tahun 2022. Sampel yang diambil sebanyak populasi yaitu 62 responden yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner dan wawancara. Data kemudiantdianalisis menggunakan uji Spearman Rank dengan tingkat signifikan < 0,05 dengansSPSSr19. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 40 responden (64,5%) yang mempunyai aktivitas fisik aktif dengan intensitas sedang, 25 responden (40,3%) dalam kategori nyeri sedang. Uji signifikan menunjukkan 0,027 dimana 0,027 lebihIkecilIdari 0,05 sehingga Ha diterima yang artinya ada hubungan antaraIaktivitasIfisik dengan intensitasInyeri sendiIpada lansia di Posyandu Melati Kelurahan Mugassari Kota Semarang.

 

Kata kunci : Aktivitas fisik, nyeri sendi, lansia, posyandu lansia
A comparative study of FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC ratio before and after cycling in young obese and non-obese women
Authors: A. J. Divya , S. M. Purushothama , M. L. Revathidevi
Published: November 2022

Introduction and Aim:  Obesity is becoming a worldwide problem and women were more likely to be obese than men in all regions of world. Obesity affects multiple systems of the body including respiratory system. This study aimed at comparing the respiratory functions before and after cycling in obese and non obese young women.
 
Materials and Methods: One hundred healthy female in the age groups of 18-25 years were considered. Fifty subjects were obese [BMI>25 kg/m2] and 50 were age matched non obese [BMI=18 to 22.9 kg/m2]. Anthropometric measurements weight, height, waist circumference, hip circumference were measured. BMI and waist hip ratio were calculated. Spirometric parameters like FVC (Functional Vital Capacity), FEV1 (Forced expiratory volume 1 second), FEV1/FVC ratio were assessed before cycling. Cycling (a graded submaximal exercise) was performed using YMCA cycling protocol. Spirometric parameters were assessed within 5 minutes from termination of cycling. Data collected were statistically analyzed using paired ‘t’ test.
 
Results: Before cycling and after cycling values of FVC, FEV1/FVC in obese young women were lower (p<0.0001) compared to non obese young women but their values were within normal range of % prediction. On comparing the FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC values from before to after cycling there was statistically significant reduction in both the groups. On comparison of reduction in spirometric values from before to after cycling, among obese and non obese young women, it was not statistically significant.
 
Conclusion: Both in before and after cycling the obese young women had reduced pulmonary function test compared to non obese young women but values within the normal percentage of prediction.
Effectiveness of Siddha formulations for Sars CoV2 variants infection at home isolation in Chennai, Tamilnadu - A case series
Authors: S. M. Chitra , P. Mallika , N. Anbu
Published: November 2022

As Sars CoV 2 infection was accountable for present global pandemic, many novel therapies and traditional medicines have been implied by various countries for the management and prevention of the spread. From the beginning, Corona virus mutation is also progressing with different variants. Delta variant was the most dreadful and contagious one, among the variants, which hospitalized more people. Now, Omicron is the new variant of concern announced by WHO in November 2021 which makes the disease more transmissible. In India, as the cases started rising from January 2022 by this new variant, various measures had been taken for the management of the disease. Traditional Siddha formulations were given for cases reported with positive Covid 19 infection, in home setting, at Chennai and the reports were shared here. Despite, genome sequencing is the precise diagnostic tool for variants detection, the cases reported here were in close possibility of omicron and mixed variants.  Maha vasantha kusumakaram tablet a shastric higher order metallic preparation was proven to be effective with herbal preparations Thippili rasayanam, adathodai kudineer and Amukkara choornam.  The patients recovered in a short span of time and the repeat Real time polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR) tested negative within 10 days. This was highly encouraging that Siddha medicines were proven to be effective in different variants of mutated Covid virus with no adverse effects and the medicines proved to be safe and effective by post- test of liver and renal parameters.
Molecular analysis of acid-stable alpha-amylase (asAA) gene in Aspergillus niger using PCR-RFLP
Authors: Zarrin Majid , Shialy Zahra
Published: November 2022

Introduction and Aim: Amylase is an important enzyme with vast applications in various industries such as food and therapeutic industries. Aspergillus niger is commercially engaged in the making of alpha-amylase. Acid-stable alpha -amylase is mostly produced with microorganisms such as Bacillus and Aspergillus. The aim of this research was the molecular investigation of the acid-stable alpha-amylase (alpha-sAA) gene in A. niger.
 
Materials and Methods: Sixty-three A. niger isolates were evaluated in this study.  PCR method was performed for amplification of a 347 bp DNA band of the alpha-sAA gene.  The Hpa II Restriction endonuclease was used for the digestion of PCR fragments.
 
Results: A 347 bp DNA fragment was recovered from 49 out of 63 (78%) isolates. After cutting the PCR products with the HpalphaII enzyme, 81.6% of isolates showed the expected band and 18.4% presented different restriction endonuclease patterns.
 
Conclusion: The results demonstrated the PCR-RFLP technique performed in this research was a valuable tool for analysis of the alpha-sAA gene in A. niger isolates.
Is there any correlation between physical activity and severity of knee osteoarthritis in secondary referral hospital in Indonesia?
Authors: Sananta Panji , Triska Ariyanti Nyoman , Widasmara Dhelya , Noviya Fuzianingsih Eka
Published: November 2022

Introduction and Aim: Osteoarthritis is a pathological condition of the joints that is degenerative and progressive, affecting two-thirds of people over 65 years of age, with a prevalence of 1.39 million among males and 1.69 million in females. The main clinical manifestation of osteoarthritis is joint pain. The incidence and progression of knee osteoarthritis are strongly influenced by risk factors, consisting of systemic factors including age, sex, hormonal factors, and biomechanical factors such as obesity, physical activity, and muscle weakness. The purpose of this study was to determine if there was a relationship between physical activity, the severity of knee osteoarthritis and the level of pain based on the Kellgren-Lawrence system in gender.
 
Materials and Methods: This research was conducted in a cross-sectional design with 26 participants at Baptis Hospital in Batu City. As references for the interview, the GPPAQ and the WOMAC questionnaire were used. The Kellgren-Lawrence system is used to assess knee osteoarthritis.
 
Results: The Spearman correlation test results showed no significant relationship between physical activity and the severity of knee osteoarthritis, and no significance between physical activity and the degree of pain in general or by gender.
 
Conclusion: There was no statistically significant relationship between physical activity with the severity of knee osteoarthritis and the level of pain in males and females patients at Baptis Hospital in Batu City.
Phytochemical profiling, total flavonoid, total phenolic content and in-vitro antioxidant evaluation of Citrus maxima extract
Authors: Monteiro Flama , S. Shetty Shilpa , K. Ranjitha , Vittal Shetty Vijith , Shetty D. Prashanth , Patil Prakash , Kumari N. Suchetha
Published: November 2022

Introduction and Aim: Citrus fruits are rich in polyphenolic compounds. The conventional medical system has utilized the fruit’s entire composition including the peel for its diverse biological functions. With this, the study aimed to assess and compare the phytochemical, in-vitro antioxidant analysis as well as polyphenol and flavonoid content of Citrus maxima juice, aqueous and ethanolic extracts of its pulp and peel.
 
Materials and Methods: Qualitative phytochemical screening, total phenolic content and total flavonoid content and different in-vitro antioxidant assays like total antioxidant capacity (TAC), Ferric reducing antioxidant power assay (FRAP), 2,2-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay were carried out to evaluate the                in-vitro antioxidant potential in the juice, aqueous and ethanolic extract of pulp and peel of C. maxima. Gas chromatography–Mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis was performed in the peel ethanolic extract to identify the compounds present.
 
Results: Preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of triterpenoids and steroids, glycosides, alkaloids, flavonoids, carbohydrates and vitamin C in all the C. maxima crude extracts. Tannins were present only in pulp of ethanol extract and in both aqueous and ethanol extracts of peel. Resins were present in the juice and ethanol extract of pulp and peel. The total phenol and total flavonoid content was comparatively higher in ethanolic extracts of peel. All the extracts showed dose-dependent free radical scavenging activity. The reducing potential of the C.maxima extractives increased with the increase in its concentration. GC-MS analysis of ethanolic peel extract identified key constituents with pharmacological effects. The ethanolic peel extract showed good antioxidant activity and free radical scavenging activity when compared to other extracts.
 
Conclusion: The results indicated that ethanolic peel extract of Citrus maxima revealed the highest presence of polyphenolic compounds, which are secondary plant metabolites with potential antioxidant activity.
Correlation of vitamin D level and severity of coronary artery disease
Authors: Mehta Ami , Chokka Divya , N. Shreesha , Seshu Arun , R. Padmakumar , M. Mukhyaprana Prabhu
Published: November 2022

Introduction and Aim: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. The prevalence of cardiovascular disease in India is continuously on the rise owing to the socioeconomic changes the country is undergoing. In order to minimise the mortality due to cardiovascular disease, early detection and control of modifiable risk factors is of utmost importance. We evaluated the correlation of vitamin D deficiency, one such possible modifiable risk factor, and the severity of CAD in patients at a hospital in Southern Karnataka. Unfortunately, relevant data regarding vitamin D deficiency in coronary artery disease   pertaining to the Indian subcontinent is scarce. Thus, the results of our study can provide further evidence for the potential therapeutic benefit of Vitamin D in patients with cardiovascular risk factors, which in the long run can significantly reduce the morbidity and mortality of CAD.
 
Materials and Methods: A case-control study with 142 subjects was conducted in Kasturba Hospital. Based on coronary angiogram findings, cases were categorised as having single, double, triple or multi vessel disease. Vitamin D level was quantified into 3 categories:  normal (>30ng/ml), insufficient (20-30ng/ml) and deficient (<20ng/ml).
 
Results:  Vitamin D deficiency was statistically significantly and inversely related to the number of vessels involved (multi vessel disease-83.3%, triple vessel disease-80%, double vessel disease-28.6% and single vessel disease-21.7%). The relationship between vitamin D levels and syntax scoring showed a negative correlation               (-0.339). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the severity of CAD was correlated to diabetes and vitamin D deficiency with p-value of 0.014.
 
Conclusion: Both our results and those of previous studies suggest that vitamin D could have a potential therapeutic effect in CAD.
Expression of fascin in Invasive mammary cancer - A study at a Tertiary care centre in Southern India
Authors: Ramanathan Uma , D'Cruze Lawrence , J. Thanka , G. Barathi , G. A. Vasugi , M. Susruthan , K. Kaviarasan
Published: November 2022

Introduction and Aim: Breast cancer is the commonest malignancy in women. Most women do not die of the primary tumor but from metastasis and local invasion. Augmented motility of cancer cells corroborates with greater metastatic potential, that is brought about by actin cytoskeleton. Fascin, a cytoplasmic F-actin-bundling protein that cross-links actin filaments and its overexpression is strongly associated with metastatic progression and poor prognosis. The present study aims to determine the fascin protein expression by immunohistochemistry in invasive breast carcinoma and to correlate the same with the existing prognostic factors.
 
Methods: Immunohistochemical expression of fascin in 100 cases of invasive mammary carcinoma was studied. Data collected was scored based on intensity and statistically analyzed using GNU-PSPP version 0.10 software. To determine significant clinico-pathological differences between fascin expression in positive and negative tumors, Pearson Chi-square test was used.
 
Results: It was noted that 22 of the 100 cases were positive with a score of 3 or more. A significant association of nodal status with fascin (p value <0.05) was noted. Higher proportion of fascin positive tumors were node negative. There was an inverse correlation between ER/PR/HER2 status and fascin positivity. The corresponding p values for ER, PR and HER2 with fascin were <0.05. On the contrary 12(57.15%) of the 21 triple negative cases were fascin positive. The p value was <0.001 indicating a significant correlation between molecular subtypes and fascin expression. A more of the fascin positive tumors fell in the triple negative category.
 
Conclusion: Higher proportion of fascin positive cases in the node negative category, an inverse correlation between fascin expression and individual ER/PR, HER2 expression and larger number of fascin positive cases in the triple negative category. These findings point an association of fascin with aggressive breast carcinomas.
Homocysteine in CAD patients-Does it matter?
Authors: K. Sowndarya , Jain Arpit , Shenoy Ramya , Kamath K. Padmanabh , Hegde Anupama
Published: November 2022

Introduction and Aim: Homocysteine (Hcy) is considered as an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) may be caused due to the deficiency of vitamin B12, folic acid (FA), and pyridoxine (B6) or due to genetic polymorphism in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR). A pilot study was undertaken to investigate Hcy levels and its association with lipid profile in patients with CAD.
 
Methods: Lipid profile values were obtained from laboratory reports and the Hcy levels were estimated by enzymatic cycling assay using the commercial kits in autoanalyzer in subjects with CAD (n=12).
 
Results: Hcy (14.58 ± 8.32 µmol/L), LDL (134.75 ± 45.02 mg/dl) and non-HDL (150.25 ± 56.89 mg/dl) levels were found to be elevated in patients with CAD.
 
Conclusion: Dyslipidemia was associated with variable Hcy levels. Few patients with HHcy showed concurrent upsurge in LDL and non-HDL levels.
The ABC (HbA1c, blood pressure and LDL-cholesterol) of diabetes and oxidative stress: knowing the links
Authors: V. Hegde Shreelaxmi , Adhikari Prabha , M. Kotian Shashidhar , Manjrekar Poornima , Shastry Rajeshwari , D’Souza Vivian
Published: November 2022

Introduction and Aim: Large body of evidence suggests that oxidative stress has a crucial role to play in diabetes and its related complications. In the present research we have tried to determine potential risk factors for oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes by conducting a cross-sectional study.
 
Materials and Methods: We studied 238 patients with or without complications of diabetes, aged 40-75 years. Blood samples were analysed for fasting plasma glucose, glycated haemoglobin, malondialdehyde, total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol. Each patient’s waist circumference, BMI, blood pressure was measured.
 
Results: Participants mean age was 57.5 ± 8.9 years. Logistic regression analysis identified glycated haemoglobin (95% CI: 1.02-1.92; p=0.04), hypertension (95% CI: 0.99-4.08; p=0.05) and LDL-cholesterol (95% CI: 1.12-5.87; p=0.03) as independent risk factors for oxidative stress. Other contributors were age and presence of complications like nephropathy, retinopathy, peripheral neuropathy and macrovascular disease in diabetes.
 
Conclusion: Our data demonstrate that ‘ABCs of diabetes’ namely HbA1c, blood pressure and LDL-cholesterol are independent risk factors for oxidative stress. Oxidative stress aggravates with age and presence of complications. It appears important to achieve a good ABC goal to bring down oxidative stress in diabetes.
Topographic characteristics of the lymph nodes of the anterior mediastinum by postnatal ontogenesis stages in humans
Authors: Kudaibergenova Indira , Omurbaev Almaz , Satylganov Ishenbek , Gayvoronskaya Yuliya , Syrbaev Chingiz , Imankulov Mikhail
Published: November 2022

Introduction and Aim: In the diagnosis of diseases of the thoracic cavity, it’s important to assess the state of the mediastinal lymph nodes (LNs). In this study, we evaluated the detailed topographic characteristics of the anterior mediastinal LNs by postnatal ontogenesis stages in humans.
 
Materials and methods: Topographic characteristics of the anterior mediastinal LNs were studied on 134 cadavers of different ages; causes of death were not associated with any diseases and/or damage to the thoracic cavity and/or lymphoproliferative disorders.
 
Results: Anterior mediastinal LNs are a constant group of LNs. Out of all anterior mediastinal LNs the more frequently found groups are preaortic and prevascular LNs, rarer ones are LNs of the horizontal chain. LNs of the horizontal chain located on the brachiocephalic trunk were found more frequently in children compared to teens and adults.
 
Conclusion: In the group of preaortic LNs constant LNs are those adjoined to the ligamentum arteriosum and ascending aortic arch; in a group of prevascular LNs adjoined to vena cava superior; in the group LNs of the horizontal chain located on the left brachiocephalic vein.
Physiotherapy for complete motor recovery in 4-year-old child with Guillain Barre syndrome- A case study
Authors: V. Rajalaxmi , S. Dhanusia , Kumar P. Bharath , N. Suriya , G. Sridevi
Published: November 2022

This study was conducted in 4-year-old male child in sub-acute stage of Guillain Barre Syndrome (GBS) for 12 weeks in a local clinical setup after discharge from the hospital completing IVIG dose. Physiotherapy was given for 12 weeks, 5 days in a week of 1 and half hour session per day with rest periods between the session. Physiotherapy intervention includes passive – active exercise, resisted exercise, weight bearing exercise, mat activities, breathing exercises, task-oriented exercise, balance and coordination exercise, abdominal strengthening, gait training, and play activities. Outcomes used before and after the intervention were Manual Muscle Test (MMT), Five Times Sit to Stand Test (FTSST), Functional independent Measure (FIM), Time Up and Go test (TUG) and Hand dynamometer to analyse the effects of physiotherapy intervention. This study concluded that there was a significant improvement in patient’s motor functions and independence in daily activities after an effective physiotherapy treatment. There was a complete motor recovery after 12 weeks of physiotherapy.
Religiosity and Turnover Intention: The Mediating Role of Work Engagement
Authors: Abualigah Ahmad , Koburtay Tamer
Published: November 2022

Guided by job demands-resources (JD-R) theory, this paper aims to explore the relationship between religiosity and turnover intention through the mediating role of work engagement. Using a survey questionnaire, data were collected from 338 employees working in the telecom sector in
Jordan. Partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was used to test the hypotheses. The findings show that religiosity is positively related to work engagement, while work engagement is negatively related to turnover intention. While not specifically hypothesized, we found
a negative relationship between religiosity and turnover intention. Furthermore, our findings show that work engagement mediates the relationship between religiosity and turnover intention. This study contributes to JD-R theory and relevant literature by investigating the association between
religiosity (an important yet neglected personal resource), work engagement and turnover intentions. This highlights the contextual relevance and extension of JD-R theory by incorporating religiosity of employees in a Middle Eastern context.
PREPARASI FILM NANOKOMPOSIT POLIVINIL ALKOHOL (PVA)/NANOKARBON DARI CANGKANG BUAH SAWIT (NCCS) DENGAN METODE PENCAMPURAN LARUTAN
Authors: Purwandari Vivi , Tarigan Malemta
Published: November 2022

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) has good compatibility when added as filler in the form of nanocarbon so that it can produce environmentally friendly nanocomposite products. Thus, the addition of nanocomposites to PVA-based films is expected to increase and improve the mechanical properties of the resulting PVA films. This study aims to utilize palm fruit shells as raw materials for nanocarbons and as fillers for nanocomposites, as well as to determine the mechanical properties and thermal strength of nanocarbon nanofibers in the PVA matrix. Composite films were made using the solution mixing method. The research was conducted by mixing PVA solution (3.5 g) with various concentrations of nanocarbon from palm fruit shells (NCCS) and 2 ml of glycerol and 1 g of PEG 400. Film characterization includes tensile test, scanning differential calorimetry (DSC), and conductivity test. Tensile test of PVA/NCCS nanocomposite resulted in tensile strength of 0.314 MPa and an elongation of 4.21925 %. The thermal test of PVA/NCCS nanocomposite with DSC yielded a melting point of around 146.06oC. Electrical conductivity of PVA/NCCS 107.1 (1.07 x 10-3) s/cm. PVA/NCCS nanocomposite based on conductivity scale including a semiconductor material.
PRODUKSI DAN KARAKTERISASI NANOSERAT SELULOSA ASETAT DENGAN METODE ELEKTROSPINING
Authors: Harahap Mahyuni , Zai Liver Iman Putra
Published: November 2022

In this research, cellulose acetate fiber was produced by electrospinning method. Cellulose acetate was dissolved with acetone solvent and then putin to a cooling system torestrain the rate of evaporation of cellulose acetate. The conductivity and evaporation rate of the cellulose acetate solution were tested, and the cellulose acetate fiber sproduced were tested using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The conductivity of the cellulose acetate solutionwas 3.45 S/cm at 15oC and almost doubled at 22oC. The cooling system test was ableto maintain the temperature of the cellulose acetate solution at 15 oC for approximately 2 minutes. In addition, bead fibers are produced due to their low conductivity.
Algirdas Julius Greimas: Education, Convictions, Career
Authors: Broden Thomas F.
Published: November 2022

The publications that Algirdas Julius Greimas (1917–1992) produced from 1943 to 1992 provide a record of his ideas, opinions, and scholarly methodologies. Yet we have much less information and understanding of his early years. This article draws from archival documents, correspondence, published sources, and personal interviews with Greimas and others to describe the formative experiences inside and outside the classroom which had the greatest impact on fashioning his subsequent life of ideas.The essay describes the linguistic and cultural context in which Greimas grew up, indicates the intellectual traditions in which he was trained, and highlights the individuals, methods, authors, and books of his youth which proved particularly significant for him. A narrative relates his education in Lithuania, describes his university studies in 1930s France, and concludes at a time when much of Europe was engulfed in World War II. A discussion then synthesizes the experiences recounted and explores the ways in which they informed the ensuing evolution of his outlook, ideas, and career.Four traditions played a leading role in shaping Greimas’ s development. Lithuania fashioned his character and identity, afforded him a sound humanistic education, inculcated in him traditional European folklore and a poetical spirit, and instilled in him the commitment to help build the nation’s culture and society. The Slavic heritage provided him metaphysical perspectives, exemplified a holistic approach to inquiry, and developed his revolutionary spirit. Germanic cultures furnished him historical perspectives and methodologies, engaged him in fundamental philosophical inquiry, and provided him a method and an ethic for research on language. France inspired in him a second identity, cultivated in him classical and Enlightenment ideals, and moved him with pure poetry. The various traditions nurtured in Greimas productive tensions between fidelity and openness, historicity and universality, and between reason, affect, and sensuality.
Į literatūros moterų tapatybę nauju žvilgsniu
Authors: Čiužauskaitė Ilona
Published: November 2022

Ramunė Bleizgienė, Privati tyla, vieši balsai: Moterų tapatybės kaita XIX a. pabaigoje–XX a. pradžioje, Vilnius: Lietuvių literatūros ir tautosakos institutas, 2012, ISBN 978–609–425–086–6
Martinkaus estezė, arba kaip susiverpti Ariadnės siūlą
Authors: Sprindytė Jūratė
Published: November 2022

Vytautas Martinkus, Estezė ir vertinimai: Esė apie literatūros kūrinio pajautą, straipsniai ir recenzijos, Vilnius: Edukologija, 2013, 326 p., ISBN 978-9955-20-889-1
“Exactly who, or what, is the narrator of Ričardas Gavelis’ Vilniaus džiazas?”
Authors: Čerškutė Jūratė
Published: November 2022

This article examines the expression and existence of the narrator in Ričardas Gavelis’ (1950–2002) novel Vilniaus džiazas (Vilnius Jazz, 1993). Paraphrasing J. Hillis Miller’s famous question (“Exactly who, or what, is the narrator of [Virginia Woolf’s] To the Lighthouse?”), the author describes and analyzes Gavelis’ narrator’s trajectories; she demonstrates the ways this narrator is similar to, but also surpasses the narrator of Woolf’s novel, resisting all forms of identification and becoming the most complex element in Gavelis’ work.Each part of Gavelis’ novel demonstrates new potential for expression and action on the part of the narrator: In “Meditacijos” (Meditations) the narrator amalgamates the autonomous consciousness of each different character; “Bakneriada” is narrated by a traditional omniscient narrator, who, although completely dominated by Bakner (the hero of that part of the novel), at first glimpse appears to rule over the final section, “Didžioji Bendrija” (The Great Community). Reading more closely, however, it become clear that this latter narrator, who consistently speaks in the third person, is also the inner voice of all of the characters – a counter-balance to the depths of each one’s stream-of-consciousness, and also a connector between them.In her attempt to identify the multiple layers of the narrator of Vilniaus džiazas, the author of the article draws not only on Hillis Miller’s abstract concept of the “narrator as collective consciousness”, but also looks back at the theory of inner lives that is so prominent in Gavelis’ oeuvre, and asks if, in this novel, it functions the same way as it did in, for example, the story Galbūt (Perhaps, 1982), or whether it has been transformed. She arrives at the conclusion that the theory of internal inhabitants works somewhat differently in Vilniaus džiazas compared to earlier works, generating possibilities for meaning and expression within the text. To understand the ways that the characters’ consciousnesses are connected, the author borrows Hillis Miller’s metaphor of “the figure in the carpet”, which becomes an unexpected tool for recognizing the unreliable narrator; it bears witness to the deconstructed nature of the narrator and the characters as well as the existence of a multi-layered “I” in the text.
Imagology as an Instrument for Studying (E)migrant Identity
Authors: Laurušaitė Laura
Published: November 2022

The author of this article seeks to contemporize the question of national identity and to test the relavance of comparative imagology for the study of texts generated by the latest wave of Lithuanian and Latvian (e)migration in the twenty-first century. In the first part of the article she presents the main principles of literary imagology (the French and Aachen schools) and explains its connections with other literary analytical disciplines. In her textual explorations, Laurušaitė draws on the methodological possibilities offered by the Aachen school. The nature of comparative imagology dictates that images are not studied in terms of an isolated national culture, as products of national essentialism, but as resulting from the interweaving of transnational contexts.In this article, the author scans contemporary Lithuanian and Latvian (e)migration literature, looking for recurring images that capture Baltic (e)migrant identity. She groups these in concentric layers of imagery (geographic, topographical, social, culinary, and so on) that bear witness to Baltic self-image and the national characteristics that other peoples attribute to the Balts (hetero image). She concludes that Lithuanians and Latvians identify themselves, and are identified by others, in negative terms. The literary hetero images discussed here indicate that people of other nationalities do not have an appropriate understanding of Baltic national character and often succumb to negative stereotypical images circulating in popular culture.
Apie literatūrą be vietos, arba sėkmės siužetas
Authors: Satkauskytė Dalia
Published: November 2022

Taisija Laukkonėn, Dainiai be tautos: Lietuvos rusų rašytojų strategijos (po) sovietmečiu, Vilnius: Lietuvių literatūros ir tautosakos institutas, 2013, ISBN 978–609–425–115–3
The Ecological Potential of Vytautas Petkevičius’s Didysis medžiotojas Mikas Pupkus (The Great Hunter Mikas Pupkus)
Authors: Mitunevičiūtė Inga
Published: November 2022

Drawing on Hubert Zapf’s view of literature as cultural-ecological potential and its manifestation in three functions (critical metadiscourse, imaginative counterdiscourse, and reintegrative interdiscourse), the author of this article offers a new interpretation of Vytautas Petkevičius’s children’s book Didysis medžiotojas Mikas Pupkas (The Great Hunter Mikas Pupkus, 1969). She also refers to a Norwegian theoretical model according to which it is possible to identify a subject’s relationship to nature and to localize it within a system of coordinates – an axis of meaning based on the oppositions nature worship/problematization of nature and anthropocentric horizon/biocentric horizon. Mitunevičiūtė argues that, even though it might have served the critical metadiscursive function, the potential encoded in this parody of hunting and exposure of the hunter’s image remains unexploited. While Petkevičius posits “humane” hunting as a possible means of regulating the balance of nature and suggests its complete denial, he does not carry this project to the end. The devastation of nature in the land of Nylon and the glaring consequences of ecological catastrophe represented in the work fulfill the function of representative antidiscourse. As an effective ecopedagogical tool capable of shaping young readers’ thinking, worldviews, and emotional and cognitive understanding, and of integrating ecological ideas into their cognitive field, Didysis medžiotojas Mikas Pupkus serves a reintegrative interdiscursive function. The author of the article argues that this function also has a broader application: while the work appeared in an era that was not conducive to the expression of ecological thinking, it became a vehicle for the expression of ecological ideas, helping to integrate them into the broader cultural field. The article focuses on how the subject’s relationship to nature changes depending on the work’s shifting intonations, and on how the subject acts in the world represented. With the movement from anthropocentrism to biocentrism within the general space of the work, this relationship remains ambiguous.
The Emergence of Personal Myth in the Essays of Dalia Staponkutė
Authors: Vedrickaitė Imelda
Published: November 2022

Within the rapidly expanding field of emigration and migration literature, Dalia Staponkutė’s essay collections are notable for their intellectualism and probing anthropological gaze. They have drawn the attention of literary critics for their intense and intentional hybridity, positive understanding of émigré experience, grounding of the concept of identity in the author’s native language. The author of this article offers a broader study of the resonances of Staponkutė’s subject, of the wanderer’s conceptualization of spatial and temporal metaphors.The essay narrator’s focus slides from the Lithuania-Cyprus, NorthSouth geographic and cultural landscape to the temporal zone of the wanderer’s introspection and self-invention. Staponkutė articulates the state of personal freedom, particularly the philosophizing observer’s freedom, through the spatial images of the island and of the margins of empire. Rather than inertly holding onto inherited or learned ideas about identity or human roles (nationality, language, parenthood, the intellectual’s responsibility toward her homeland), Staponkutė tests freedom of thought and behavior against personal life experience. In order to survive in a globalizing, leveling world, she arranges a personal myth from her experience as mother, philosopher, traveler, and communicator while resisting traditional attitudes and stereotypical ideas about these roles. The biographical in Staponkutė’s essays embodies Alphonso Lingis’ thoughts about personal myth – the need to describe the world as one finds it, to create an individual means of transforming one’s surroundings into an organized semantic structure. The intensity of lived time, the attempt to be fully there, where one is (i.e., to live and create freely), and the perpetually present horizon of death both allow and force Staponkutė to retreat from the field of the traditional tension between self and other. In it, the wanderer qualitatively renews his aesthetic relationship with the world, the direction of his wanderings toward the homeland apparently restoring a lost romantic dimension, and love of, servitude.
Voices of Private and Public Life
Authors: Čiužauskaitė Ilona
Published: November 2022

Bitės laikas: Privataus ir viešo gyvenimo modeliai: Straipsnių rinkinys, sudarytoja Ramunė Bleizgienė, Vilnius: Lietuvių literatūros ir tautosakos institutas, 2013, 223 p., ISBN 978-609-425-111-5.
Sigitas Geda’s Pėdos – Explorations in Idiolectic Description
Authors: Jevsejevas Paulius
Published: November 2022

The author of this article has given himself the task of applying the linguistic concept of idiolect to the description of a poetic text’s ideolectic, or singular, nature. To do this he has chosen a text of the second half of the twentieth century, Sigitas Geda’s (1943—2008) first book of poetry, Pėdos (Footprints) (1966). Discussing the descriptive possibilities of semiotic singularity, the author problematizes the analytical concept of expression as spoken utterance. He argues that the paradigm of speech usage limits understanding of the specificity of the poetic text and can be overcome by recognizing not the unusual usage of language, but the textualized significatory intentions within poetry. Moreover, because the analysis draws largely upon the semiotic perspective developed by the school of Algirdas Julius Greimas, it critiques the idea of textual content that has become entrenched within that tradition. Instead of considering the text as a territory generating selfevident, anonymous meanings, the author focuses his analysis on the acts of internal generation and interpretation that are typical of poetic texts.Analyzing the texts that make up Geda’s book, Jevsejevas first of all draws on Roland Barthes’ concept of style, shifting his attention from the author’s person to the foundational culture of the text. In this way he is able to identify fantastical landscape as a category of phenomenal expression in Pėdos. The author demonstrates that, on this basis, the texts in the collection generate signs that have object-like qualities and belie fragments of cultural memory. The author of the article sees this kind of textual creation as pathos and as a playful valorization of tradition which makes it possible to lay out fragments of memory for the purposes of an understanding based on epic impression. He claims that it is fantasy that makes it possible to invest visible elements with meanings provided by cultural memory and, from that, to create a relatively closed circle of meaning.
Algirdo Jeronimo Landsbergio archyvas Kaune
Authors: Vedrickaitė Imelda
Published: November 2022

Virginija Babonaitė-Paplauskienė, Kelionė į Algirdo Landsbergio kelionę: Archyvai, Kaunas: Naujasis lankas, 2014, ISBN 978-9955-03-871-9
The Criticism of Vytautas Kubilius and Rimvydas Šilbajoris and the Ghost of Deconstruction
Authors: Jurgutienė Aušra
Published: November 2022

The author of this article discusses sypmtoms of deconstruction in the texts of two famous Lithuanian critics of the second half of the twentieth century: Vytautas Kubilius and Rimvydas Šilbajoris. She asserts that while Kubilius was noted for his phenomenological interest in the writer’s stylistic uniqueness and Šilbajoris’s criticism drew on theories of Formalism and Reader Response (even though both sought maximum identification with and truth in the text, essentialistically believing that its artistic quality is determined by an organic and structurally coherent unity of content and form), both of their texts contain some elements related to the theory of deconstruction. The first and most important symptom is each critic’s change in view from history to the text’s language and its immanence. The author relates the second symptom of deconstruction with ideas of genre synthesis, methodological eclecticism, their essayistic writing, and the erasure of the divide between literary and academic language, rational and emotional criticism. The third symptom of deconstruction is lifted from these critics’ connections with the Romantic tradition, which is marked by the “synthesis” of the idealism–nihilism opposition and the ideas around the figurative nature of language, its undefined and playful qualities.
The Paradox of Yuri Lotman’s Cultural Semiotics
Authors: Cibarauskė Virginija
Published: November 2022

The author of this article discusses the reception, in recent decades, of Yuri Lotman’s cultural semiotics and the project of cultural semiotics itself. She pays particular attention to the idea of the interplay between textual and non-textual structures, which is crucial to cultural semiotics. Although Lotman has been very widely cited in studies by Lithuanian humanities scholars since the sixties, only a few articles have critically reflected on his project of cultural semiotics. Lotman is usually presented as a structuralist interested in “secondary modeling systems” and his semiotic theory is compared to that of Algirdas Julius Greimas or some other theory, such as New Historicism. At the same time, outside of Lithuanian academic circles more attention is paid to Lotman’s later works, stressing the connections between cultural semiotics and literary sociology and anthropology.A reconstruction of Lotman’s concepts – such as interplay, world model, and modeling – reveals that the object of Lotman’s cultural semiotics is not immanent secondary modeling systems but the interplay between texts and different cultural languages, structures that are always within a specific context. Lotman is especially interested in shifts of meaning that occur when text and context, text and reader interact. In this sense, Lotman’s semiotics inserts itself between traditional semiotics and literary/cultural sociology, reception theory, anthropology, and literary history – theories and disciplines which not only influenced Lotman’s theory but were themselves significantly affected by it.
The 1930s Generation’s Conformism and Illusions
Authors: Mitaitė Donata
Published: November 2022

The author of this article draws on memoirs, archival material, and published texts to analyse the situation and work of three poets of the 1930s generation (Algimantas Baltakis, Alfonsas Maldonis, and Justinas Marcinkevičius), from their debuts to 1968. Rather than fight a system whose essence they had grasped and feared, these poets consciously chose to live and work within Soviet society. Archival texts indicate that they did not believe in the positive changes Soviet life promised; they only celebrated these in their published poems. Signs of conformism diminished during the years of the so-called “thaw,” when ideological pressure began to lighten. Among other things, their works from that period seem to recall the nation’s period of rebirth at the end of the nineteenth century. They wrote about a spring which marked change not only in nature, but in society; they spoke about decreasing fear; they mocked the dogmatists. But like a large portion of Soviet society, these poets did not believe that a fundamental change of system was possible; rather, they looked hopefully to the example of Czechoslovakia and its efforts to at least reform socialism, to give it a “human face,” and in their poetry, they created a portrait of Lenin as an ideal, humane leader. Their illusions were crushed in 1968, their disillusionment recorded in their poetry
Openness of Existential Temporal Experiences to (Non)Being: The Poetry of Vaidotas Daunys and Valdas Gedgaudas
Authors: Jakaitė Dalia
Published: November 2022

In this article the author analyses the existential experiences typical of the poetry of Vaidotas Daunys and Valdas Gedgaudas, paying particular attention the question of temporality. The author applies the philosopher Juozas Girnius’s explications of the concepts of existential philosophy to the analysis of poems, revealing these as representations of the philosopher’s reflections on theism and atheism, their drama and tragedy. The experiential reality of being and non-being is disseminated in these poets’ works through the existentially symbolic forms of the seasons and (liturgical) time. For Daunys’s poetic subject, the seasons are a means of surviving existential waiting, the presentness of being, the harmonious relationship between nature and humans. In Gedgaudas’s poetry, the dominating images of fall and winter, and other natural signs of the seasons, express the subject’s radical openness to death, the experiences of a collapsed world order, and the loss of eternity. In Daunys’s poetry, prayer and cultural signs infuse time with meaning and point to the experience of a holy You; this expresses the existential hope that it is possible to know the world and oneself. In the paraphrases of liturgical time characteristic of Gedgaudas’s poetry, the relationship of I to the world is marked by unreality and non-existence. Simultaneously, impossible liturgical time also gains a subjectively stronger dimension of presence. The author comes to the conclusion that while being dominates in Daunys’s poetry and non-being prevails in Gedgaudas’s, existential pathos and the poetics of existential discourse connect their work.
Reconnaissance Into Soviet-Era Literature (the collective monograph Tarp estetikos ir politikos: Lietuvių literatūra sovietmečiu/ Between Aesthetics and Politics: Lithuanian Literature of the Soviet Period, edited by Dalia Satkauskytė)
Authors: Šidlauskas Marijus
Published: November 2022

Tarp estetikos ir politikos: Lietuvių literatūra sovietmečiu (kolektyvinė monografija, sudarė Dalia Satkauskytė), Vilnius: Lietuvių literatūros ir tautosakos institutas, 2015, 520 p., ISBN 978-609-425-143-6
Human Moral Becoming and the Surrealist Imagination: Saulius Tomas Kondrotas and Šarūnas Sauka
Authors: Vedrickaitė Imelda
Published: November 2022

The author of this article interprets the surrealist narratives of Saulius Tomas Kondrotas and Šarūnas Sauka as signs of both a crumbling empire and the rebirth of human dignity in late Soviet-era literature and art. A sense of epochal shift provides a common background of allegorical narration in both Kondrotas’s and Saukas’s narratives, protecting them from flat politicising and encouraging us to read their work as an encounter between the human and the eternal.Countering Soviet values, Kondrotas and Sauka place the universal rebellion of the artist against an ideology that imprisons the individual at the core of their work, making it possible to draw a connection to the imagination of the medieval alchemist, as they too concentrate their attention on the search for God and the resulting visions-projections.Kondrotas’s and Saukas’s works are characterised by oniric, surrealist stylistics, an understanding of the world as a dangerous place, and the human-godlike-animal matrix. The end of the world, the collapse of foundational hierarchies of values, and a feeling of moral ambivalence are common to both, leading them to search for solutions in response to human moral decline. Kondrotas and Sauka both speak about human rebirth, one of the oldest of human archetypes and one central to the alchemical imagination.