bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
‘South-Working’: Return mobilities and remote work during COVID-19
Authors: Cangià Flavia
Published: December 2024

This article explores the experiences of professionals who, prompted by the pandemic, returned to their hometowns in Italy while continuing to work remotely, a trend known as ‘South-Working’. I explore how the pandemic changed these individuals’ usual mobility routines and led them to return home and reconsider life priorities, all while leveraging digital remote work and new mobility strategies. I draw upon ethnographic fieldwork, including online video interviews, observation in social media platforms and visits to co-working spaces across the northern part of Sicily. This article contributes to the anthropology of (im)mobility by exploring the transformative impact of the pandemic and the digital on mobility regimes and the boundaries associated with movement, work and life. It challenges established categories and normative temporalities of (im)mobilities, offering a new perspective on the evolving dynamics of work and mobility in the digital era, and on the transformation of the meaning of ‘essential’ and ‘non-essential’ mobilities.
Navigating the dynamics of present-day academic libraries: An in-depth analysis of strategies, challenges, and emerging trends
Authors: Oyedokun Tunde Toyese
Published: December 2024

Academic libraries are undergoing significant transformations to meet the evolving needs of users in a digital era characterized by technological advancements and changing educational paradigms. This comprehensive review explores the multifaceted landscape of modern academic libraries, encompassing strategies, challenges, and future trends. Through repositioning efforts, case study analyses, and the anticipation of emerging trends, academic libraries strive to remain relevant and effective. Challenges such as budget constraints and shifting user expectations are countered by opportunities presented by emerging technologies like Artificial Intelligence (AI), Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), blockchain technology, the Internet of Things (IoT), and data analytics. By embracing user-centered design, fostering collaboration, and advocating open access initiatives, academic libraries can position themselves as dynamic hubs for learning, innovation, and research. Looking forward, academic libraries must adapt, innovate, and align their strategies with institutional goals to continue serving as indispensable resources for the academic community and beyond.
Severity Analysis of Pedestrian and Bike Crashes in School Buffer Zones
Authors: Bahrami Vahid , Lavrenz Steven , Ahmed Mohamed M.
Published: December 2024

Pedestrian and bicyclist safety in school zones is critical because of the vulnerability of children and adult pedestrians to vehicle crashes. This paper explores vehicle–pedestrian/bike crash severity within a 15-min walking time buffer around schools in Detroit, Michigan, and San Jose, California—cities with high pedestrian/bike fatality rates. Using 2016–2020 crash data, we employed random-parameter multinomial logit models with heterogeneity in means and variances to understand unobserved relationships between variables. Key random parameters identified include the number of buffer zones that each crash falls into, daylight conditions, and the number of units involved in a crash, all significantly affecting injury severity. Spatial stability was investigated to see if variable effects were consistent across locations. Results revealed spatial instability across Detroit and San Jose. Factors such as Covid lockdown, dark lighting, arterial road presence, bicycle crashes, and the number of units involved showed stable effects with varying magnitudes in both cities. Network buffer zones highlighted that crash proximity to multiple schools affects injury severity. Additionally, the study found that various behavioral, roadway, weather, lighting, and school-related factors influence injury severity in school zones. These findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and planners to develop countermeasures, making school areas safer for children, adult pedestrians, and bicyclists.
COVID-19 Attitudes and Quality of Life in Older Adults in Puerto Rico: The Mediating Role of Psychological Sense of Community
Authors: Kim Seon , Becker Todd D. , Morgan Matthew R. , Burnette Denise
Published: December 2024

Quality of life (QOL) for older adults in Puerto Rico was significantly impacted during the COVID-19 pandemic, yet there has been little attention to this topic. This study examines the association between COVID-19-related attitudes and QOL and the mediating role of the psychological sense of community (PSOC) in this context. Data are from a COVID-19 knowledge, attitudes, and practices survey with a nonprobability sample of 213 Puerto Rican adults aged 60+ in 2021. We conducted a mediated linear regression model using Hayes’s PROCESS macro. Results showed that both COVID-19 attitudes and PSOC positively related to QOL. Additionally, COVID-19 attitudes also had a positive effect on PSOC and an indirect, positive effect on QOL through PSOC. These findings suggest that enhancing older adults’ positive attitudes and strengthening community connections should be central to public health strategies, especially in community-oriented cultures like Puerto Rico.
Check the checks: A comparison of fact-checking practices between newspapers and independent organizations during 2020 U.S. election presidential debates
Authors: Diep Pham Phuong Uyen
Published: December 2024

By conducting content analyses of 440 fact checks (N = 440), the study examined the fact-checking practices of three leading national newspapers (i.e., The New York Times, The Washington Post, and USA Today) and three independent fact-checking organizations (i.e., FactCheck.org, PolitiFact, and Snopes.com) in the United States during the 2020 presidential debates and town halls. The results found differences in fact-checking within three independent organizations, in terms of candidates, ratings, and used sources. Meanwhile, the three news outlets had differences in fact-checked candidates but consistency in sources and ratings. H1 was supported suggesting that three news organizations fact-checked Trump’s statements more than Biden’s, and as incorrect, compared with three independent organizations.
Associations of Combined Physical Activity and Body Mass Index with Metabolic Syndrome in American Adults: From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2017–2020
Authors: Zhang Guang-Lei , Lee Junga
Published: December 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to examine the combined associations of physical activity and body mass index with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in a population-based sample of American adults.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Data from the 2017-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Subjects

A total of 2945 American adults who participated in the NHANES 2017-2020.

Measures

Participants' physical activity levels were categorized based on the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans. Metabolic syndrome was determined using the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines.

Analysis

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among the various groups was analyzed using binary logistic regression to observe differences in the associated risks of developing metabolic syndrome.

Results

An increase in body mass index and a decrease in physical activity are both risk factors for metabolic syndrome. Statistical results show that the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the obese and sedentary group is 22.31 times higher than that in the normal weight and active group ( P = 0.000).

Conclusion

A combination of at least 600 MET-minutes of physical activity per week and a lower body mass index is significantly associated with the lowest prevalence of metabolic syndrome.
The model multiple: Representing cancer in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Fraser Jennifer , Reubi David , Cochrane Thandeka
Published: December 2024

Over the past half-century, modelling has come to play an increasingly important role in cancer research. These representational tools frame perceptions of malignant disease, guide public health responses, and help determine which interventions are necessary. But what makes a cancer model a model? What authority do they have? What stories do they tell? And how do they shape our understanding of disease and bodies? To shed light on these questions, this article explores the long history of cancer modelling in sub-Saharan Africa: a place where malignant disease has often been imagined as different, and where experimentation and improvisation in cancer research and treatment has been rife. Drawing on archival and ethnographic sources, we examine modelling strategies that health professionals have used to generate information about cancer in Africa from the mid 20th century to the present day. Focusing on three different case studies – anatomical models of Burkitt's lymphoma patients, diagnostic models for Kaposi sarcoma, and statistical models of the African smoking and lung cancer epidemic – we meditate on the multiplicity of models and modelling by identifying the epistemic strands that hold these representations together, as well as what sets them apart. In addition to contributing to discussions of how cancer research has taken shape beyond the Anglo-American realm, our article helps expand and complicate our understandings of what a disease model is.
Mechanisms of chest injuries from steering wheel intrusion in frontal collisions
Authors: Xiao Sen , Yuan Min , Zheng Baocheng , Peng Xudong , Zhang Xikai
Published: December 2024

Frontal collisions are the most common traffic accidents, during which drivers without properly using seat belts may be impacted by the steering wheel. Given the different driving habits and steering shaft angles, it is imperative to investigate the range of driver injuries incurred by the steering wheel from different angles. This study analyzed the driver’s thoracoabdominal injuries using the control variable method and represented them in a simulation matrix format. In addition, a GHBMC human model was utilized to simulate the thoracoabdominal injuries. The thoracoabdominal injury mechanism of the driver was investigated through simulation experiments at the steering shaft angles of 30°, 35°, 40°, and 45°. Two different seat shapes were analyzed to examine the influence of seat shapes on the driver’s movement during collisions. The results showed that the thoracic stress maximized at 1.051 GPa under the steering shaft angle of 40°. The curve fitting function was derived based on logistic regression to clarify the relationship between the steering shaft angle and maximum thorax compression. Subsequently, this function was employed to quantify the maximum compression at the steering shaft angle of 44°. The findings indicate that seat shape variations significantly influence chest compression during frontal collisions. From a passive safety perspective, improving seat shape and adjusting the steering shaft angle provides a significant reference value for reducing driver injuries.
Application of the non-circular sprocket in the timing chain drive system
Authors: Yang Jinxing , Feng Zengming , Tang Lechao
Published: December 2024

As a fundamental component of hybrid vehicles, the timing chain drive system significantly improves fuel economy while minimizing transmission error. A non-circular sprocket is used in a timing chain drive system to improve the dynamics characteristics of the system. In the scheme to reduce the crankshaft speed fluctuation, the relationship between the transmission ratio and the camshaft rotation angle is determined by analyzing simulation and experimental results. The mathematical relationship between the transmission ratio and the pitch curve of the non-circular sprocket is deduced. The pitch curve and phase angle of the non-circular sprocket are calculated. Combined with the self-constructed dynamics model of the hydraulic tensioner, a complete three-dimensional timing chain drive system simulation model is established based on the recursive algorithm and Hertz contact theory. The non-circular sprocket is installed into the system at the initial mounting angle. Dynamics simulations are carried out taking into account actual operating conditions. The simulation results prove that the use of a non-circular crankshaft sprocket can effectively reduce speed fluctuation of the camshaft sprocket, transmission error, and maximum chain tension when the crankshaft speed fluctuates regularly. This research proposes and validates a method to improve the dynamics characteristics of the system.
Multi-scale topology optimisation design and mechanical property analysis of porous interbody fusion cage
Authors: Zhang Huaiyue , Fu Rongchang , Zhu Xu
Published: December 2024

Background

Titanium (Ti) and polyether ether ketone (PEEK) interbody fusion cages cause postoperative stress shielding problems. The porous cage design is one of the solutions advanced to mitigate this problem.

Objective

Exploring the mitigation of stress shielding with a porous interbody fusion cage after surgery for idiopathic scoliosis.

Methods

The porous interbody fusion cage was constructed based on the multiscale topology optimisation method, and the postoperative lumbar spine models implanted with it. The porous Ti and PEEK fusion cages were evaluated under physiological conditions to investigate their mechanical properties.

Results

The volume of the porous fusion cage was reduced by 52.57%, and the stress was increased by 242.76% and 252.46% compared with the Ti and PEEK fusion cage; the modulus of elasticity of the porous fusion cage was reduced by 76.85%, and the strain was increased by 131.40%∼686.51% compared with the Ti cage; the porous fusion cage increased L3 cortical bone stress by 13.36% and 13.52% and cancellous bone by 82.93% and 76.72%, respectively, compared with the original interbody fusion cages.

Conclusion

The porous interbody fusion cage has a much more lightweight design which facilitates growth of bone tissue. However, a frame structure should be constructed to minimize issues with stress peaks and localised stress concentrations. It also has a significantly lower stiffness which helps alleviate vertebral stress shielding, further fostering bone growth. The porous fusion cage thus meets the clinical requirements for better fusion outcomes.
Linarin Protects against Cisplatin-induced Nephrotoxicity via Subsiding Proinflammatory and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Qi Jie , Gao Lili
Published: December 2024

Background

One of the most effective anticancer medications for treating a range of cancers is cisplatin (Cis). Its use is limited because of its nephrotoxicity.

Purpose

This study aims to evaluate the role of linarin (LIN) in protecting rats from Cis-induced nephrotoxicity.

Methods

The animals were split up into four groups: Group I consisted of control animals; group II consisted of Cis-treated animals; group III consisted of Cis-treated animals that received a 25 mg/kg dosage of LIN; group IV consisted of Cis-treated animals that received a 50 mg/kg dose of LIN. We measured the kidney and body weights of each experimental group. Blood samples were taken to measure the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and Cr levels in the test animals. To further evaluate the effects of LIN therapy in a dose-dependent manner, an investigation of antioxidant enzymes, oxidative stress indicators, plasma sodium and potassium levels, inflammatory markers, and histopathology was conducted.

Results

We found that giving LIN to Cis-treated rats helped to enhance renal function. The animals’ body weight, histopathological conditions, and amount of antioxidant enzymes were all markedly elevated by LIN in the animals. Additionally, it decreased kidney weight, BUN and Cr levels, oxidative stress indicators, and inflammatory markers.

Conclusion

Therefore, we conclude that LIN can be utilized to protect the kidneys from damage caused by Cis therapy. Nurses can promote well-being and recovery in patients at risk of Cis-induced nephrotoxicity by encouraging gentle physical activities and providing emotional and psychological support, leveraging LIN’s protective effects.
Active layered composites: A variable kinematics approach with stimulus expansion model for piezo-actuators and hydrogels
Authors: Ehrenhofer Adrian , D’Ottavio Michele , Polit Olivier , Wallmersperger Thomas
Published: December 2024

Active materials are often applied in the form of plate-like smart composites. Therein, they are combined with other (active or passive) materials that serve different purposes, such as providing mechanical counterpoints, protection against multi-field influences, or electrical functionality. Furthermore, sensoric layers can be included. For an enhanced description of the mechanical response of Soft-Hard Active-Passive Embedded Structures (SHAPES) in plate configuration, we combine two approaches: (i) A variable kinematics approach called sublaminate Generalized Unified Formulation (sGUF), which allows the choice of adequate kinematics for each physical layer, and (ii) the Stimulus-Expansion-Model (SEM) for description of active behavior. We present results for SHAPES with polymer gel layers and for piezo-ceramic layers. The current sGUF-SEM modeling approach has been protypically implemented along with a Navier-type solution. This allows the assessment of combinations of different passive and active materials inside plate-like composites. Excellent agreement with reference solutions from literature and/or from three-dimensional Finite Element simulations in commercial software tools has been found. The promising preliminary results presented in this work suggest further steps to be considered: the implementation of sGUF-SEM into more general numerical solution methods, such as Finite Element or Ritz methods, and the integration of the physics of additional active materials.
Response Rates, Reliability, and Convergent Validity in Experience Sampling Data
Authors: Simons Jeffrey S. , Maisto Stephen A. , Simons Raluca M. , Keith Jessica A. , Palfai Tibor P. , Walters Kyle J. , Swaminath Surabhi , Kim Kawon , Ronan Patrick J.
Published: December 2024

This study examined associations of compliance rate with the reliability and convergent validity of intoxication and negative affect assessments in experience sampling method (ESM) data in three samples (Veterans, Sexual Minority Men, and College Students). Convergent validity was operationalized as within-person associations between daily aggregates of random in situ assessments and retrospective daily assessments or transdermal alcohol assessments. Measures with lower ICC require more assessments for a reliable aggregate (e.g., daily mean). In this regard, the number of completed assessments and intraclass correlation (ICC), rather than compliance with the protocol per se, determines reliability. Although convergent validity was correlated with compliance rate, the relatively weak associations reflect that there are individuals with excellent compliance yet poor convergent validity as well as individuals with poor compliance and excellent convergent validity. The pattern of results does not show a clear threshold for compliance (e.g., 80%) that differentiates good versus poor validity.
Hospital pharmacists’ perceived competence in providing care to oncology patients – (HoPP-CoP2)
Authors: Hopkins Megan L , Biggs Catherine , Charrois Theresa L , Dowhan Michelle , Thai Kevin
Published: December 2024

Background

Previous research has shown community pharmacists do not have high perceived competence or confidence providing care to patients on oral anti-cancer medications. There is a paucity of evidence when it comes to hospital pharmacists providing care to oncology patients admitted to the hospital for a reason other than cancer.

Objective(s)

To assess the perceived competence of hospital pharmacists not working in oncology in managing patients taking anticancer drugs. Additionally, identify factors impacting, potential interventions increasing, and any factors that improve perceived competence.

Methods

An anonymous cross-sectional survey distributed to hospital pharmacists throughout Canada.

Results

Mean perceived competence results ranged from 2.52 to 3.97 out of 7.00 with respondents reporting most perceived competence managing electrolyte disturbances and least competence managing drug-disease interactions and intervening on hepatic dysfunction. Low confidence in knowledge received from previous oncology training was reported with a mean of 2.82 on the 7-point Likert Scale. Continuing education sessions were perceived as the intervention which would most improve perceived competence with a mean value of 5.92 to 5.94 on a 7-point Likert Scale. The number of CE hours completed in the last five years was the only factor shown to have a statistically significant correlation with perceived competence.

Conclusion

Hospital pharmacists do not perceive themselves as competent in providing care to oncology patients. The implementation of a continuing education program related to oncology may improve perceived and actual competence
DEHP and Its Metabolite MEHP Alter the Insr and Glut4 Gene Expression by Blunting the Interaction of Transcription Factors in L6 Myotubes
Authors: Viswanathan Mangala Priya , Mullainadhan Vigneswari , Karundevi Balasubramanian
Published: December 2024

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) play an important role in the incidence of type-2 diabetes. Di-2-ethyl hexyl Phthalate (DEHP) is one of the endocrine-disrupting chemicals used as a plasticizer to impart flexibility and softness to plastic-containing materials. Mono-2-ethylhexyl Phthalate (MEHP), a DEHP’s primary metabolite, is preferentially absorbed once metabolized. A previous study from our laboratory showed that DEHP and MEHP altered the key proteins such as insulin receptor (INSR) and glucose transporter-4 (GLUT4) in L6 myotubes. In a sequel to the previous study, the present study hypothesized that DEHP and its metabolite MEHP may alter the Insr and Glut4 gene expression in L6 myotubes. Therefore, to find out the molecular mechanism behind the decreased INSR and GLUT4 protein levels in the previous study, the direct effect of DEHP and its metabolite MEHP in regulating Insr and Glut4 gene transcription in L6 myotubes was studied. The L6 myotubes were exposed to 50 and 100 μM DEHP and MEHP for 24 h, followed by insulin stimulation for 20 min. We observed decreased Insr and Glut4 mRNA levels in DEHP and MEHP-treated groups. Western blot data showed decreased protein levels of MEF2A and MyoD in treated groups. ChIP assay detected a decreased association of MEF2A and MyoD to the Glut4 gene promoter and HMGA1 to the Insr gene promoter. The study revealed that DEHP and MEHP diminished the Insr and Glut4 gene expression through weakened interaction of their transcription factors on the respective promoter.
A Methodological Investigation of Design and Mentoring Processes in Start-Up Incubation
Authors: Montagna Francesca , Cantamessa Marco , Monti Teresa , Altavilla Stefania
Published: December 2024

Purpose

Incubators have long been relevant actors in the development of start-ups. This paper proposes studying mentoring in incubators as a decision aiding process that aids a specific design process, namely the activities of a start-up during incubation.

Design/methodology/approach

Methodologically, this paper assumes a parallelism between mentoring and decision aiding, as well as between business modelling and a design process. According to this approach, mentors are viewed as decision aiding actors who operate within Contexts of Action and adopt more or less appropriate tools to aid business modelling design activities. A protocol analysis was carried out on 86 mentoring sessions with 53 entrepreneurial teams at the I3P Incubator of the Politecnico di Torino.

Findings

The study allowed us to obtain a deep understanding of the mentoring activities and the appropriateness of the tools used in each phase of the incubation process.

Originality

This paper introduces five elements of novelty. First, it looks at business mentoring as a decision aiding process of a design process, specifically the incubation process; second, this has allowed us to refer to a framework provided by the Decision Aiding literature; third, it adopts an alternative research approach to surveys, questionnaires and interviews; fourth, it provides an abstract/standardised unit of analysis to describe the situational nature of mentoring. Finally, it identifies the building blocks of mentoring and how the activities are methodologically conducted.
Recovery and resilience in the Manning valley through a participatory environmental communication lens
Authors: Harris Usha Sundar
Published: December 2024

Participatory environmental communication (PEC) offers a way of engaging in communication by inviting the participation of communities and their ways of knowing. As a process-oriented approach, PEC enables communities to use local knowledge and design solutions, by employing their unique perspectives and intimate experiences of the places in which they live. This case study is an effort to record and interpret a historically important moment in the author's own community, using the PEC lens, to discuss the lived experiences of a rural community and the actions they are taking to mitigate future impacts from natural disasters. It includes the author's personal experience of a natural disaster in the small rural town of Wingham in MidCoast of New South Wales, Australia. It reflects on how a community in crisis relies on networks of cooperation for disaster response and recovery.
Addressing “Bullshit” work in neoliberal academia: Tales from an audit experience and a call to action
Authors: Galuppo Laura , Ripamonti Silvio , Lozza Edoardo
Published: December 2024

The concept of bullshit jobs, defined as jobs perceived as pointless or pernicious, has gained limited attention within academia thus far. This study aims to fill this gap by utilizing the bullshit concept to ethnographically explore an audit experience in the context of the neoliberal university. We argue that the pervasive influence of the audit culture in higher education has detrimental subjective and intersubjective effects, which can be fruitfully examined through the bullshit lens. In the article, we present an autoethnographic account of our experience with the Italian “Periodic Accreditation of Universities” program, which involved an audit of our institution. Through our lived experiences and observations, we aim to shed light on the bullshit effects resulting from the methods and criteria used to evaluate the quality of higher education. In conclusion, in the article, we discuss how the bullshit discourse can foster academics’ resistance against these mechanisms and propose a call to action for sharing similar experiences to kickstart reflexive practices that could help push back against the neoliberal audit regime.
Vanishing act: The disappearance of printed newspapers
Authors: Stiernstedt Fredrik , Kaun Anne
Published: December 2024

Although it has been said for some decades that printed newspapers are dying, they are still in existence; however, Swedish newspapers have entered a new era. Throughout the country, the distribution of printed newspapers is slowly ceasing. In this article, we trace the process of the disappearance of printed news through ethnographic field work engaging with the perspectives of the newspaper industry, readers, and civil society. Conceptualizing the disappearance of printed news as an assemblage of imaginaries, materialities, and practices, we are interested in how this disappearance is accomplished, motivated, interpreted, and experienced. The article makes an argument for exploring disappearance in tandem with emergence to develop a deeper understanding of contemporary media culture and society.
Tencent’s Road to a Gaming Giant: Chinese Video Game Companies’ Development Trajectory in the Reconfiguration of Transnational Capitalism
Authors: Lyu Menglu
Published: December 2024

This study analyzes the growth trajectory of Chinese video game companies, with Tencent as the main focus. It draws on the framework of political economy regarding transnational capitalism and its reconfiguration, employing document analysis and informant interviews as research methods. This study argues that Chinese video game companies have taken a distinctive development path within the transnational capitalist system. Initially, they accumulated experience, technology, and capital at lower tiers of the global industry hierarchy. They then entered the emerging mobile game market and eventually ascended to prominent positions. On the one hand, their development has reinforced the existing system by providing new momentum and sites for capital accumulation. On the other hand, it has contributed to the reconfiguration of this system by rebalancing the Western-dominated power structures and exploring new development patterns.
Efficacy and safety of anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapies in the medical management of carotid free-floating thrombus: A systematic review
Authors: Camerotte Raphael , Vilardo Marina , Ribeiro Filipe Virgilio , Bocanegra-Becerra Jhon E , Gonçalves Ocilio Ribeiro , Paleare Luis , Dominici Saul , Corvelo Arthur Parke C , Fukunaga Christian Ken , Mitre Lucas Pari , Sobral Thierry , Ferreira Marcio Yuri , Ferreira Christian , Gordon David , Langer David , Serulle Yafell
Published: December 2024

Background

The optimal treatment for carotid free-floating thrombus (CFFT) remains uncertain due to limited evidence, with no randomized clinical trials and scarce guidelines, such as ESVS 2023, favoring conservative management. Anticoagulation (ACT) and antiplatelet (APT) therapies are emerging as promising alternatives to high-risk surgical interventions. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ACT and APT therapies for CFFT.

Methods

A systematic search was performed across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases. Safety and efficacy endpoints were assessed. A two-sample t-test compared baseline characteristics between groups, and a Chi-square test evaluated differences in categorical variables. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Data were analyzed using R 4.3.0 with the meta package v.7.0-0.

Results

Four studies met the inclusion criteria, involving 170 patients diagnosed with CFFT. The APT group included 96 patients (mean age 55.35 ± 13.52 years; 56.25% male), and the ACT group included 74 patients (mean age 58.57 ± 14.28 years; 51.35% male). Thrombus regression was slightly lower in APT (42%) compared to ACT (48%). Both groups showed similar rates of residual stenosis. Antiplatelet had fewer ischemic events within 30 days (none vs. 4% in ACT) and lower intracranial hemorrhage rates (3.3% vs. 5.4% in ACT) but higher mortality (6.3% vs. none in ACT).

Conclusion

Both ACT and APT are effective for managing CFFT, each with distinct efficacy and safety profiles. However, randomized trials are necessary to better assess these therapies in CFFT management.
A study on the structural characteristic of tire clamp using a new design method
Authors: Li Ji-Qiang , Nie Ling-Zhi , Feng Shu-Fan , Wu Tong , Kwon Jeong-Tae , Wang Bao-Wei , Li Ji-Chao , Li Xiang-Dong
Published: December 2024

The development of the new energy automobile industry has driven the development of the tire industry, and the development of the tire industry has put forward higher requirements for the handling and storage efficiency of tires. In this paper, through the discussion of the new tire synchronous fixture, the double parallel four-bar mechanism is introduced. The mechanism has the advantages of horizontal extension and contraction, and avoids the deviation in the vertical direction. In order to be better applied to the handling and storage of tires and further applied in other fields, this paper obtains the relationship between rod length and stroke through the kinematic analysis of double parallel four-bar mechanism, establishes a compact structure size table of common size, and carries out practical application simulation. The accuracy of size is verified by mechanical simulation. Through the relationship established in this paper and the compact structure size table, we can quickly and easily find the appropriate size of the double parallel four-bar mechanism according to the demand. Through the study of its structural characteristics, we can easily find the scene where it can be applied, so as to promote the universality of the application of the double parallel four-bar mechanism.
Implementing the Multi-Disciplinary Expertise Team method to reduce involuntary care in intellectual disability care: multi-methods study evaluating adaptation and effectiveness
Authors: Bisschops Esther , Bakkum Lianne , de Schipper J. Clasien , Metselaar Britt , van der Plas Simone , Embregts Petri , Schuengel Carlo
Published: December 2024

Involuntary care in intellectual disability care may be reduced by deployment of multidisciplinary consultation. The Multi-Disciplinary Expertise Team (MDET) method proved effective in a previous trial on increasing involuntary care reduction. The current study aimed to examine how four organizations adapted MDET during implementation, and tested whether these versions were also effective. Semi-structured interviews with MDET-coordinators were analyzed using the Framework Reporting Adaptions and Modifications-Expanded. A quasi-experimental interrupted time-series design tested change in weekly counts of involuntary care recordings from before to during MDET implementation, in care homes that implemented MDET ( n = 24) compared to care homes providing care-as-usual (CAU). Adaptations to MDET varied. These included implementing MDET without an independent MDET-team and loosening recordings of involuntary care. No differential changes in recordings were found between the implementation- and CAU-groups. Scaling-out MDET to other organizations led to adaptations that may have undermined its effects on reducing involuntary care.
Dual-task performance and balance in patients with severe COPD: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Alexandru Florian Crisan , Camelia Corina Pescaru , Adelina Maritescu , Vlad Carunta , Roxana Ramona Onofrei , Emil Robert Stoicescu , Cristian Oancea
Published: December 2024

Background:

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) significantly impacts respiratory and motor function, balance, and cognition, leading to muscle weakness and impaired exercise capacity. The impairments often result in challenges with daily activities, particularly those requiring dual-tasking.

Objectives:

The study investigated whether patients with severe COPD would exhibit more significant cognitive and motor performance decline during dual tasks compared to healthy controls.

Design:

This study employed a cross-sectional design to compare cognitive and motor performance in dual tasks between patients with severe COPD and healthy controls.

Methods:

We included 44 patients with severe COPD and 43 healthy individuals. Participants underwent various tests, including pulmonary function tests, six-minute walking tests, dual Timed Up and Go tests (TUG), dual single-leg stance tests (SLS), Berg Balance Scale assessments, and Falls Efficacy Scale International evaluations (FES-I).

Results:

The COPD group had significantly lower scores in the Berg Balance Scale (BBS; 44.79 ± 4.70 vs 52.67 ± 2.16, p < 0.0001) and longer times for the TUG test (12.44 s; [11.44, 13.50] vs 9.14 s; [7.91, 10.11], p < 0.0001) and shorter times for the SLS test (14.15 s; [12.31, 15.65] vs 26.20 s; [23.45, 30.88], p < 0.0001), indicating poorer functional mobility and balance. Furthermore, dual-task interference (DTI) outcomes revealed poorer performance in the COPD group ( p < 0.0001). The fear of falling (FES-I) was increased in the COPD group. There was a significant positive correlation between DTI TUG and FES-I ( r = 0.35, p = 0.01) and a negative correlation between DTI SLS and BBS ( r = −0.41, p = 0.005) in the COPD group.

Conclusion:

The study reveals significant impairments in DTI and balance among patients with severe COPD. Patients with severe COPD performed worse in tests involving dual tasks. They had poorer balance overall compared to healthy controls, with longer times for the dual Timed Up and Go test and shorter times for the SLS test, indicating a higher susceptibility to DTI and a greater fear of falling.
The association between fathers’ childhood meal preparation experiences and current cooking skills in preparing healthy meals for children and foodwork involvement in Japan: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Yoshii Emi , Shimpo Misa , Akamatsu Rie
Published: December 2024

To achieve ‘Sustainable Healthy Diets’, it is critical to address the observed gender discrepancy in meal preparation time allocation. Japanese fathers spend significantly less time on food-related housework (foodwork) than mothers. This study aimed to investigate the association between fathers’ childhood meal preparation experiences and their current cooking skills in preparing healthy meals for their children, as well as their involvement in foodwork in Japan. An online cross-sectional study was conducted in November 2022 with 500 Japanese fathers living in dual-earner households with children aged 3–6 years. An analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to examine the above-mentioned associations, with fathers’ age and education as control variables. This study examined 463 fathers who did not live with their children’s grandparents. We evaluated the fathers’ cooking skills on a scale and obtained an average score of 6.9, ranging from 3 to 15; foodwork involvement was assessed similarly, resulting in an average score of 4.1, ranging from 0 to 8. ANCOVA results showed that fathers with experience in meal preparation from childhood were more likely to have higher cooking skills scores (adjusted mean (SEM) = 7.8 (0.35)) than fathers with no experience (adjusted mean (SEM) = 6.5 (0.24), adjusted p < 0.05). They were also more likely to have higher foodwork involvement scores (adjusted mean (SEM) = 4.9 (0.26)) than fathers with no experience (adjusted mean (SEM) = 3.8 (0.18)) or experiences from adulthood (adjusted mean (SEM) = 4.0 (0.28), adjusted p < 0.05). Therefore, fathers’ childhood meal preparation experience may impact their current cooking skills and foodwork involvement. Hence, age-appropriate programs are required that continually encourage children to prepare meals at home.
Chemical Constituents from Memecylon Scutellatum with Nitric Oxide Inhibitory Activity
Authors: Tran Thi Thu Phuong , Thu Trang Duong , Thanh Huong Le , Huu Giap Tran , Hang Nguyen Thi Minh , Nhiem Nguyen Xuan , Hai Dang Nguyen
Published: December 2024

Objectives: Memecylon scutellatum (Lour.) Hook. & Arn. (Melastomataceae) is a relatively lesser-known species within this genus. This study aims to explore its chemical structure profile and evaluate its ability to inhibit NO production. Methods: The chemical structures of MS were elucidated by comparing their NMR data, and all compounds were evaluated for NO inhibition using the Griess assay. Results: One new compound namely, memeloside (1) and fourteen known compounds, 1- O-( β-D-glucopyranosyl)-2-[2-methoxy-4-( ω-hydroxypropyl)-phenoxy]-propan-3-ol (2), (2 R)- O-[4′-(3″-hydroxypropyl)-2′,6′dimethoxyphenyl]-3- O- β-D-glucopyranosyl- sn-glycerol (3), schizandriside (4), 2-butanone 4-glucopyranoside 6′- O-gallate (5), epicatechin (6), epigallocatechin (7), epigallocatechin gallate (8), myricitrin (9), benzyl O- α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)- β-D-glucopyranoside (10), benzyl glucopyranoside (11), 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl- β-D-glucopyranoside (12), icariside B1 (13), gallic acid (14), and (7 R,8 R)- threo-7,9,9ʹ-trihydroxy-3,3ʹ-dimethoxy-8- O-4ʹ-neolignan 4- O- β-D-glucopyranoside (15) were isolated from the leaves of M. scutellatum. Compounds 4 and 5 significantly exhibited inhibition of NO production, with IC50 values of 88.92 ± 1.42 µM and 17.14 ± 0.98 µM, respectively. Conclusions: One new compound, named memeloside (1) and fourteen known compounds isolated from the leaves of M. scutellatum. Compounds 4 and 5 demonstrated significant inhibition of NO production, with IC50 values of 88.92 ± 1.42 µM and 17.14 ± 0.98 µM, respectively. These results suggested compound 5 could be a promising candidate for further anti-inflammatory research.
Incorporating Patient and Family Perspectives into ICU Environmental Design: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis of Existing Literature
Authors: Fahy Yvonne Patricia , Tronstad Oystein , Waldmann Jana , Fraser John F.
Published: December 2024

Objective

This review aims to assess the incorporation of patient and family input into intensive care unit (ICU) design processes. It aims to highlight the importance of prioritising patient and family perspectives in ICU design to improve patient experiences and clinical outcomes.

Background

Traditionally, ICU design has focused on clinical efficiency at the expense of patient-centered needs, leading to heavily sedated patients and neglected holistic care delivery. While architects historically dominated design decisions, there's no recognition of the necessity to integrate patient and family perspectives. However, such efforts remain rare despite professional guidelines advocating for multi-professional team involvement.

Methods

This review summarises the published literature on built ICUs that have incorporated patient and family input into the design process. It evaluates methodologies used and measures patient-centric outcomes to identify successful examples and areas for improvement in future initiatives.

Results

The limited published literature identifies only three projects successfully integrating patient and family input into ICU design. Additionally, one project was identified in a search of the gray literature. However, these projects often lack rigorous evaluation of patient-centric outcomes, with initiatives involving patients and families remaining uncommon. The review underscores the need for more comprehensive evaluation and greater emphasis on patient and family involvement in ICU design.

Conclusion

This review emphasizes the significance of integrating patient perspectives into ICU design to enhance outcomes and improve experiences. While progress has been made in recognizing their importance, more efforts are needed to prioritize patient and family involvement for creating conducive environments for healing and recovery.
Fan translation of video games in China: The case of Deeptrans
Authors: Wei Dakai , Bonenfant Maude
Published: December 2024

Following the Chinese State Council’s ban on commercial gaming consoles and the rise of computer game piracy, foreign video game companies began to withdraw from investing in Chinese game translations in the early 2000s. In response, fan translation emerged as an alternative for Chinese gamers. ‘Fan translation’ refers to unofficial translations produced by enthusiasts for various types of media. Specifically, fan translation of video games involves online collaboration among players to translate foreign titles, with the goal of providing an accessible and enjoyable experience that stays true to the original content. In light of the growing community of video game fan translators in China, this study offers a comprehensive examination of the phenomenon. The research focuses on the internal dynamics and organization of Deeptrans, a Chinese group dedicated to video game fan translation. The article begins by exploring the challenges and defining characteristics of video game fan translation, supported by a brief literature review due to the limited scholarship available on the subject. Next, the methodology is outlined, detailing a qualitative case study approach that analyzes archival documents produced by Deeptrans members during their translation of the video game X4: Foundations (Egosoft, 2018). The third section presents and analyzes the results, highlighting the methods employed by Deeptrans members to carry out their translation tasks, which align with the concept of a community of practice. This community shares a common interest, set of challenges, and passion for the video game X4: Foundations, fostering a knowledge base that encompasses orientation, linguistic skills, and expertise developed through regular interaction. Members utilize computer tools to collaborate effectively, operating within an informal hierarchy characterized by role division and distributed leadership. Collaborative discussions play a pivotal role, enabling members to support one another and find optimal solutions to the challenges encountered in their work. Through collective participation and regular interactions, individual and practical knowledge becomes objectified and transformed into a shared repertoire. The primary aims of this community of practice are to strengthen group cohesion, improve the efficiency of game translation tasks, and facilitate collective learning. The concluding section of the article revisits the study, providing a deeper understanding of the phenomenon as a whole, including considerations of copyright and translation quality.
Higher Academic Performance, Lower Level of Ethical Responsibility? Analysis of Ethical Responsibility Among Top-Notch Students in Shanghai of China
Authors: Su (苏娜) Na , Wei (魏晓宇) Xiaoyu , Han (韩晓颖) Xiaoying
Published: December 2024

Purpose

Education on the ethics of responsibility is paramount. However, in educational practice, students who perform well academically—often referred to as “top-notch students”—frequently exhibit low levels of ethical responsibility. To explore the validity of this claim, we conducted a survey at a junior high school in Shanghai with a reputation for nurturing top-notch students.

Design/Approach/Methods

Using the Student Ethics of Responsibility Scale, we compared the levels of ethical responsibility exhibited by top-notch and ordinary students and explored their influencing factors.

Findings

First, results show that top-notch students outperformed ordinary students across all dimensions of ethical responsibility, particularly in terms of responsibility for the future, collective responsibility, and social responsibility. Second, major influencing factors affecting top-notch students’ levels of collective responsibility and social responsibility were their responsibility for others, their individual responsibility, the levels of collective and social responsibility exhibited by their peers, and parents’ expectations for their children's comprehensive quality. Third, the primary factors influencing students’ responsibility for the future were responsibility for others, individual responsibility, self-education expectation, and their peers’ responsibility for the future. Fourth, gender, grade, and parents’ years of education had minimal impact on the ethical responsibility of top-notch students.

Originality/Value

The findings of this study refute the stereotype that students who perform better academically have a weaker sense of responsibility.