bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the Bifid Mandibular Canal Prevalence in the Central Anatolian Population: A Retrospective CBCT Study
Authors: Güleç Melike , Özmen Elif Esra
Published: January 2025

Aim: This study aims to retrospectively examine cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images obtained for various reasons to determine the prevalence of bifid mandibular canal (BMC) in the Central Anatolian population.
Material and Method: A total of 518 mandibular canals (right and left sides evaluated separately) from 259 CBCT images (145 female, 114 male) that met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. BMCs were categorized as retromolar canal, forward canal, dental canal, and buccolingual canal. Individuals were grouped into age ranges of 15-34, 35-54, and 55-75 years. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS version 25.0. The data were then compared based on side (right/left), gender, and age.
Results: BMC was observed in 35.9% of the total participants. The most common subtype was the forward canal (Type 3) at a rate of 41.9%, followed by the retromolar canal at 35.4%, the dental canal at 31.1%, and the buccolingual canal at 26.8%. While there was no significant difference in BMC prevalence by gender, the prevalence was found to be higher in the second age group.
Conclusion: In conclusion, regardless of subtype, determining the presence of BMC in patients undergoing mandibular procedures is extremely important for informing the clinician, especially to avoid complications such as local anesthesia failure, postoperative paresthesia, or bleeding. If present, it should be noted in the CBCT report.
The Relationship Between Selective Motor Control and Trunk Control in Children With Spastic Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Apaydın Umut , Yıldız Ayşe , Yıldız Ramazan , Erol Erkan , Sırrı Bayram , Elbasan Bülent
Published: January 2025

Aim: Cerebral palsy (CP) can cause a variety of musculoskeletal issues that impact everyday functioning and activities, including reduced muscle tone and selective motor control. Appropriate evaluation of these problems and determination of their interrelationships are important in treatment planning. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between control of the trunk and selectivity of the lower limbs in children with CP.
Material and Method: Sixty-eight children and adolescents with spastic CP, categorized as GMFCS levels I to III and aged between five and seventeen years, were enrolled in the present study. The Trunk Control Measurement Scale (TCMS) was utilized to evaluate the trunk control. The Selective Control Assessment of the Lower Extremity (SCALE) was performed to measure the selectivity of the lower extremity. Groups with varying GMFCS levels were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. For the relationship analysis, the Spearman rank correlation test was employed.
Results: Significant differences in total SCALE scores between levels of the GMFCS were found in the group comparisons (Kruskal-Wallis H test: 44.145, p
Examining the Attitudes and Experiences of Nurses Working in a High Security Forensic Psychiatry Unit from a Psychiatric Perspective
Authors: Örüm Dilek , Atmaca Murad
Published: January 2025

Aim: This study aims to examine the approaches, attitudes, and experiences of nurses working in a High Security Forensic Psychiatry Unit (HSFPU) towards psychiatric disorders, conditions, and treatments and to reveal the associated factors.
Material and Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted with nurses working at Elazığ Fethi Sekin City Hospital HSFPU who agreed to participate in the study. The participants filled out the Nurses’ Attitudes Towards Forensic Psychiatric Patients Scale (NAFPPS) along with a questionnaire including various variables.
Results: Thirty-two nurses (22 females (68.80%), 10 males (31.20%)) were included in the study. Twenty-two nurses (31.20%) did not have sufficient knowledge of the Penal Code of Türkiye 32 (PCT 32). The psychiatric disorder that nurses found easiest to predict was bipolar spectrum disorder (43.80%), while the one that nurses found most difficult to predict was schizophrenia spectrum disorder (62.50%). The illicit substance that caused the most difficulty in nursing care was methamphetamine for 19 nurses (59.40%). Nurses' command of psychiatric terminology was not at the desired level. Twenty-three nurses (71.90%) thought that antidepressants caused addiction. Almost all of the nurses (96.90%) thought that antisocial and borderline personality traits make nursing care difficult. According to regression analysis, working duration in HFSPU predicts NAFPPS willingness to provide care subscale (constant p
The Effect Of Liquidity, Solvency And Profitability On Stock Prices (Study of Classification J Infrastructure Companies Listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange for the 2020-2023 Period)
Authors: Rendiyansyah Rois , Kresnandra Anak Agung Ngurah Agung
Published: January 2025

This research investigates the empirical relationship between liquidity, solvency, and profitability and stock prices of infrastructure companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2020-2023 period. Employing a sample of 22 infrastructure companies selected through purposive sampling, the study utilizes multiple linear regression analysis with current ratio, debt-to-equity ratio, and return on assets as independent variables. The findings indicate that liquidity exerts a negative influence on stock prices, while profitability demonstrates a positive correlation. Notably, solvency does not exhibit a significant impact on stock prices. These results suggest that investors in infrastructure companies may prioritize high profitability over high liquidity when making investment decisions. The study contributes to the existing literature by providing empirical evidence on the financial determinants of stock prices in the infrastructure sector and offers insights for future research.
The Influence of Corporate Governance on the Disclosure of Sustainability Reports with Profitability as a Moderating Variable
Authors: Pramita A. A. Sri , Budiasih I Gusti Ayu Nyoman
Published: January 2025

This study aims to examine the influence of corporate governance on sustainability report disclosure, with profitability as a moderating variable. The sample for this study consists of Indonesian companies listed in the ASRRAT rankings for the 2018-2023 period. The sample was selected using the purposive sampling method, resulting in 22 companies with a total of 132 observations. Data were analyzed using moderated regression analysis. The findings of this study indicate that the independent board of commissioners does not affect sustainability report disclosure. The audit committee has a positive influence on sustainability report disclosure. Meanwhile, profitability does not moderate the effect of the independent board of commissioners and the audit committee on sustainability report disclosure.
HALP score can predict the no-reflow phenomenon and in-hospital mortality after saphenous vein graft intervention
Authors: Demir Ömer Furkan , Şensoy Barış
Published: January 2025

Aims: The no-reflow phenomenon (NRP) is one of the most frequently observed complications in saphenous vein graft (SVG) interventions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet (HALP) score on the development of NRP in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing percutaneous SVG intervention.
Methods: This retrospective study included 263 patients who applied to our center with the diagnosis of ACS and underwent saphenous vein grafting procedure. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether no-reflow developed or not, and the HALP scores of the groups were compared. In addition, in-hospital mortality was compared between the study groups according to their HALP score values. The predictive ability of the HALP score for no-reflow was evaluated using a receiver operating characteristic curve.
Results: NRP developed in 103 (39.2%) of the patients included in the study patients. HALP score value was found to be significantly lower in the no-reflow group (45.3±20 vs 53.8±18, p:0.001). In the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, the cutoff value for the HALP score was calculated as 46.5. After multivariable adjustment, the HALP score
Prevalence of neoplasms in acromegaly: a Turkish single-center retrospective study
Authors: Yüzbaşıoğlu Mirza Gülsüm , Takır Mümtaz , Torun Cündullah , Bahadır Özgür
Published: January 2025

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of benign and malignant neoplasms and to assess associated clinical conditions in patients with acromegaly.
Methods: In this single center, retrospective and observational study, data from 71 patients with acromegaly followed at an endocrinology and metabolism diseases outpatient clinic between January 2010 and December 2023 were reviewed through the hospital's electronic database. Patients' medical histories, demographic data, blood examinations, medications, pituitary MRI scans, thyroid ultrasound, mammography, colonoscopy, endoscopy, and pathology reports were evaluated. Acromegaly diagnosis was based on elevated insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels and unsuppressed growth hormone (GH) levels after oral glucose tolerance testing. The chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare patients with malignancy to other patients in terms of demographic and clinical characteristics.
Results: The study included predominantly female patients (60.6%) with an average age of 55.6 years. The mean age at diagnosis was 44.3±11.3 years, and the mean disease duration was 11.3±8.4 years. Malignancies, including breast, thyroid, and colorectal cancers, were detected in 9.9% of patients. Additionally, thyroid nodules were present in 62% of patients, and colon polyps in 14.1%. No significant differences were observed in clinical features including age, gender, disease duration, GH levels, IGF-1 levels, adenoma size, or remission frequency between patients with and without malignancy (p>0.05 for all).
Conclusion: This study reveals an increased prevalence of breast, colon, and thyroid cancers in patients with acromegaly.
Performing cancer screenings in patients with acromegaly more comprehensively and at an earlier stage compared to the normal
population may be beneficial.
The effects of patient triage management strategies on clinical outcomes and risk management in emergency departments: a prospective comparative study
Authors: Boğa Erkan
Published: January 2025

Aims: The aim of this study is to compare the impact of the emergency severity index (ESI) and the Manchester triage system (MTS) on clinical outcomes, patients' satisfaction, and risk management using a prospective approach.
Methods: In this study, which includes 12,000 patients who visited the emergency department of Esenyurt Necmi Kadıoğlu State Hospital between September 1, 2024, 2024, and October 15, 2024, 6,000 patients were triaged using the ESI, and 6,000 patients were triaged using the MTS. The study was conducted by randomly selecting patients between the ages of 18-85 who were visiting the emergency department for the first time. Data were collected using the observations of healthcare personnel, electronic health system data, and patient admission records. The primary variables include treatment times, clinical outcomes, resource utilization in the emergency department, and patient waiting times. Surveys were used to measure patients' satisfaction, and medical inaccuracies were evaluated based on error reports and inconsistencies in medical records. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software, applying independent sample t-tests, chi-square tests, and logistic regression analyses.
Results: It was found that patients triaged using the ESI had significantly lower waiting times compared to those triaged using the MTS (OR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.50-0.85, p
Assessment of the ROX index as a predictor of invasive ventilation in patients with community-acquired pneumonia
Authors: Aydın Ömerul Faruk , Tatliparmak Ali Cankut
Published: January 2025

Aims: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly among elderly patients and those with comorbid conditions. CAP can lead to severe respiratory failure, often necessitating invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Early identification of patients at high risk for intubation is crucial for optimizing management and improving outcomes. The ROX index, which incorporates respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and fraction of inspired oxygen, has emerged as a potential tool for predicting the need for IMV in patients with respiratory distress. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the ROX index in predicting IMV in patients hospitalized with CAP.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients diagnosed with CAP who were admitted to a tertiary healthcare institution between January 1, 2019, and January 1, 2024. The ROX index was calculated at hospital admission using respiratory rate, oxygen saturation (SpO₂), and fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO₂). Severe pneumonia was defined as pneumonia severity index (PSI) class IV or V, and subgroup analyses were conducted for these patients to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the ROX index. The primary outcome was the requirement for IMV, and the predictive ability of the ROX index was evaluated.
Results: A total of 416 patients were included, with 30 (7.2%) requiring invasive mechanical ventilation. The mean ROX index was significantly lower in the intubation group (14.4±4.5) compared to the non-intubation group (23.8±5.4) (p
Evaluation of the long-term autonomic dysfunction after the recovery of COVID-19 disease
Authors: Koçak Ajar , Uzunget Sezen , Şahin Kader Eliz
Published: January 2025

Aims: Beyond the acute phase of the COVID-19 disease, many patients experience persistent symptoms, collectively termed "post-COVID syndrome," which includes autonomic dysfunction. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a well-established method to assess autonomic nervous system (ANS) function. This study aimed to investigate the long-term impact of COVID-19 on autonomic function through evaluating the changes in HRV.
Methods: This retrospective study included 225 participants divided into two groups: 117 post-COVID patients and 108 age and gender matched controls. HRV was assessed using 24-hour Holter monitoring. Time-domain and frequency-domain indices were analyzed, including standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN), root mean square of successive RR interval differences (RMSSD), and low frequency (LF)/high frequency (HF) ratio. Statistical comparisons were performed using independent t-tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, and correlation analyses.
Results: Post-COVID patients exhibited significantly lower HRV indices compared to controls. Time-domain metrics such as SDNN (135.7±39.5 ms vs 149.1±34.2 ms, p=0.007) and RMSSD (32.7±13.7 ms vs 37.5±14.7 ms, p=0.012) were reduced in the COVID-19 group. Frequency-domain indices, including total power (TP) and HF power, were also diminished. Correlation analysis revealed no significant association between the duration of time post-COVID (one-year follow-up) and most HRV parameters.
Conclusion: Post-COVID patients experience significant autonomic dysfunction, marked by reduced parasympathetic activity and increased cardiovascular risks, with some evidence of partial recovery during sleep. Routine HRV monitoring and targeted interventions, alongside further research with larger cohorts, are crucial for better understanding of the long-term effects and improving patient outcomes.
The Role of International Law in Safeguarding Indonesia’s Sovereignty: A Case Study of the North Natuna Sea
Authors: ZUBAIDI Abdul Khakim Mahfud , WIYANA Rachmat Indra , RAMADHANI Syafitri Nur
Published: January 2025

Purpose:This study aims to explore and understand the role of international law in reinforcing Indonesia's sovereignty, particularly in resolving the North Natuna Sea territorial dispute, while considering the relevant principles of international law.Methodology:The methodology employed in this research is qualitative descriptive. It aims to provide an in-depth description of the role of international law in safeguarding Indonesia's sovereignty through the analysis of relevant secondary sources and available case studies.Findings:This study demonstrates the vital role of international law in protecting Indonesia's sovereignty, particularly in maritime disputes like those over the North Natuna Sea. It highlights the importance of frameworks like UNCLOS in supporting Indonesia's territorial claims and using international legal instruments for diplomacy and dispute resolution. The research also reveals Indonesia's challenges in enforcing these laws, particularly concerning illegal fishing, while emphasizing the need for stronger domestic enforcement aligned with international standards to safeguard maritime sovereignty.Implication:This research provides valuable insights for academicians, practitioners, and policymakers by deepening their understanding of international law's role in protecting national sovereignty and promoting effective maritime governance. It emphasizes the need for aligning domestic laws with international standards. Additionally, the study reminds fishermen and maritime professionals to exercise caution when crossing territorial waters, highlighting the risks of non-compliance and legal consequences.
The Ooguri-Vafa Space as a Moduli Space of Framed Wild Harmonic Bundles
Authors: Tulli Ivan
Published: January 2025

The Ooguri-Vafa space is a 4-dimensional incomplete hyperkähler manifold, defined on the total space of a singular torus fibration with one singular nodal fiber. It has been proposed that the Ooguri-Vafa hyperkähler metric should be part of the local model of the hyperkähler metric of the Hitchin moduli spaces, near the most generic kind of singular locus of the Hitchin fibration. In order to relate the Ooguri-Vafa space with the Hitchin moduli spaces, we show that the Ooguri-Vafa space can be interpreted as a set of rank 2, framed wild harmonic bundles over $\mathbb{C}P^1$, with one irregular singularity. Along the way we show that a certain twistor family of holomorphic Darboux coordinates, which describes the hyperkähler geometry of the Ooguri-Vafa space, has an interpretation in terms of Stokes data associated to our framed wild harmonic bundles.
The Lack of RR Lyrae Variables in Ultrafaint Dwarf Galaxy Sextans II
Authors: Ngeow Chow-Choong , Bhardwaj Anupam
Published: January 2025

RR Lyrae in ultrafaint dwarf (UFD) galaxies, if found, would be valuable to constrain the distances of these UFD. In this work, we report our search of RR Lyrae in a recently discovered UFD—Sextans II. Based on multiband (griz) time-series archival DECam imaging data, we do not find any RR Lyrae in Sextans II. On the contrary, the sparse multiband DECam light curves allowed recovery of a known foreground RR Lyrae, BB Sex, which happened to fall within the DECam images, and its pulsation period was correctly identified. Therefore, it is possible that Sextans II lacks RR Lyrae, similar to several other fainter UFDs (with M

V
 ≳ −5.0 mag) that do not have RR Lyrae.
Closing the Stellar Labels Gap: Stellar Label independent Evidence for [α/M] Information in Gaia BP/RP Spectra
Authors: Laroche Alexander , Speagle 沈 Joshua S. 佳士
Published: January 2025

Data-driven models for stellar spectra that depend on stellar labels suffer from label systematics which decrease model performance: the stellar labels gap. To close the stellar labels gap, we present a stellar label independent model for Gaia BP/RP spectra. We develop a novel implementation of a variational auto-encoder, which learns to generate an XP spectrum and accompanying scatter without relying on stellar labels. We demonstrate that our model achieves competitive XP spectra reconstructions in comparison to stellar label dependent models. We find that our model learns stellar properties directly from the data itself. We then apply our model to XP/APOGEE giant stars to study the [α/M] information in Gaia XP. We provide strong evidence that the XP spectra contain meaningful [α/M] information by demonstrating that our model learns the α-bimodality, without relying on stellar label correlations for stars with T
eff < 5000 K, while also being sensitive to the anomalous abundances of Gaia-Enceladus stars. We have publicly released our trained model, codebase and data. Importantly, our stellar label independent model can be implemented for any and all XP spectra because our model's performance scales with training object density, not training label density.
Early Results from GLASS-JWST. XXV. Electron Density in the Interstellar Medium at 0.7 ≲ z ≲ 9.3 with NIRSpec High-resolution Spectroscopy*
Authors: Li Sijia , Wang Xin , Chen Yuguang , Jones Tucker , Treu Tommaso , Glazebrook Karl , He Xianlong , Henry Alaina , Meng Xiao-Lei , Morishita Takahiro , Roberts-Borsani Guido , Yang Lilan , Yu Hao-Ran , Calabrò Antonello , Castellano Marco , Leethochawalit Nicha , Metha Benjamin , Nanayakkara Themiya , Roy Namrata , Vulcani Benedetta
Published: January 2025

The electron density (n
e) of the interstellar medium (ISM) in star-forming galaxies is intimately linked to star formation and ionization condition. Using the high-resolution spectra obtained from the JWST Near-Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) microshutter assembly (MSA) as part of the GLASS-JWST program, we have assembled the largest sample to date (34 galaxies) with individual n
e measurements derived from the [O ii] λλ3726, 29 and/or [S ii] λλ6718, 32 doublets at 0.7 ≲ z ≲ 9.3. The gravitational lensing magnification by the foreground A2744 cluster allows us to probe n
e in galaxies with stellar masses (M
*) down to ≃107.5
M
⊙ across the entire redshift range. Our analysis reveals that the [O ii] flux ratios are marginally anticorrelated with a specific star formation rate (sSFR) within a 1σ confidence interval, whereas the [S ii] flux ratios show no significant correlation with sSFR. Despite a clear correlation between sSFR and redshift within our sample, we find no apparent redshift evolution of n
e at z ≃ 1–9. Our data set also includes 13 galaxies where n
e can be measured from both [O ii] and [S ii]. Contrary to findings at lower redshifts, we observe considerable scatter in n
e measurements from [O ii] and [S ii], indicating a complex gaseous environment with significant variations in n
e in high-redshift galaxies. This work highlights the unique capability of JWST NIRSpec/MSA high-resolution spectroscopy to characterize the detailed physical properties of the ISM in individual high-redshift galaxies.
A Possible Metal-dominated Atmosphere below the Thick Aerosols of GJ 1214 b Suggested by Its JWST Panchromatic Transmission Spectrum
Authors: Ohno Kazumasa , Schlawin Everett , Bell Taylor J. , Murphy Matthew M. , Beatty Thomas G. , Welbanks Luis , Greene Thomas P. , Fortney Jonathan J. , Parmentier Vivien , Edelman Isaac R. , Mehta Nishil , Rieke Marcia J.
Published: January 2025

GJ 1214b is the archetype sub-Neptune for which thick aerosols have prevented us from constraining its atmospheric properties for over a decade. In this study, we leverage the panchromatic transmission spectrum of GJ 1214b established by the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and JWST to investigate its atmospheric properties using a suite of atmospheric radiative transfer, photochemistry, and aerosol microphysical models. We find that the combined HST, JWST/NIRSpec, and JWST/MIRI spectrum can be well explained by atmospheric models with an extremely high metallicity of [M/H] ∼ 3.5 and an extremely high haze production rate of F
haze ∼ 10−8 to 10−7 g cm−2 s−1. Such high atmospheric metallicity is suggested by the relatively strong CO2 feature compared to the haze absorption feature or the CH4 feature in the NIRSpec-G395H bandpass of 2.5–5 μm. The flat 5–12 μm MIRI spectrum also suggests a small scale height with a high atmospheric metallicity that is needed to suppress a prominent  ∼6 μm haze feature. We tested the sensitivity of our interpretation to various assumptions for uncertain haze properties, such as optical constants and production rate, and all models tested here consistently suggest extremely high metallicity. Thus, we conclude that GJ 1214b likely has a metal-dominated atmosphere where hydrogen is no longer the main atmospheric constituent. We also find that different assumptions for the haze production rate lead to distinct inferences for the atmospheric C/O ratio. We stress the importance of high-precision follow-up observations to confirm the metal-dominated atmosphere, as it challenges the conventional understanding of interior structure and evolution of sub-Neptunes.
The Energy Sharing Timescale in an Analytic Framework for Common Envelope Hydrodynamics
Authors: Everson Rosa Wallace , MacLeod Morgan , Ramirez-Ruiz Enrico
Published: January 2025

We propose a new predictive theory for the analysis of common envelope (CE) events that incorporates the effects of relevant hydrodynamical processes into a simple analytical framework. We introduce the ejection and dynamical parameters ξ and β, which define whether envelope ejection is energetically or hydrodynamically favorable, respectively, during CE inspiral. When combined, these parameters offer a detailed narrative of how inspiral begins, proceeds, and ends that is consistent with preliminary comparisons to 3D hydrodynamical models. This physically motivated framework impacts predictions for CE outcomes, especially for systems that have energy excess, and offers promise as a potential alternative for the treatment of CEs in binary population synthesis.
Vascular endothelial growth factor-C increases lymphatic vessels in the conjunctiva and maintains low intraocular pressure after trabeculectomy in rabbits
Authors: Abdullah Aulia A. H. , Sujuti Hidayat , Permatasari Happy K. , Kusuma Ihda D. , Nurdiana
Published: January 2025

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-C (VEGF-C) in stimulating the growth of functional lymphatic vessels of postoperative conjunctival filtration blebs in rabbits. Twelve New Zealand Red Eye rabbits were allocated to four treatment groups, each receiving an injection of recombinant VEGF-C at doses of 0 µg (control), 1 µg, 3 µg, and 10 µg following trabeculectomy surgery. The effects of the VEGF-C injection on lymphatic vessels were analyzed using FLT4 fluorescence immunostaining and trypan blue filling techniques. Additionally, vascular vessels were examined using CD31 immunostaining, and post-surgical intraocular pressure (IOP) was compared across the treatment groups. Lymphatic vessels in treatment groups exhibited higher mean values of 11.7, 12.7, and 19.0 in groups treated with 1 µg, 3 µg, and 10 µg of VEGF-C, respectively, compared to a mean value of 5.3 in the control group (p = 0.00). Blood vessel count revealed using CD31 did not indicate any increase in vascular vessels between the groups. Intraocular pressure (IOP) levels ten days after trabeculectomy were significantly lower in the 3 µg and 10 µg treatment groups (7.00 mmHg) compared to 10.33 mmHg in the control group (p = 0.047). The study demonstrates that trabeculectomy augmented with VEGF-C injection in rabbits results in an increased lymphatic vessel count in the conjunctiva and a decrease in IOP levels on the tenth post-operative day. These findings suggest that VEGF-C may be a potential adjuvant agent for enhancing the efficacy of trabeculectomy.
Le dermatologue, le mélanome et l’intelligence artificielle
Authors: Trupia Dilara Vanessa , Mathieu-Fritz Alexandre
Published: January 2025

L’article porte sur les modalités d’appropriation et d’utilisation concrète de dispositifs d’intelligence artificielle dans le domaine de la dermatologie à travers le cas de la détection précoce des cancers cutanés, dont celle du mélanome qui peut mettre en jeu le pronostic vital des patients. La recherche repose principalement sur des entretiens semi-directifs menés auprès de dermatologues pour la plupart spécialisés en onco-dermatologie, dont certains utilisent et/ou participent au développement de dispositifs d’intelligence artificielle. Après avoir présenté les éléments de contexte permettant d’appréhender les enjeux du développement de l’IA en dermatologie, les auteurs identifient une pluralité de positionnements à l’égard de l’intégration de l’intelligence artificielle dans les pratiques. En portant la focale sur l’appropriation des nouveaux outils (dispositifs de scoring ou de repérage automatique des lésions cutanées) dans le cadre de l’activité clinique, l’analyse montre dans quelle mesure leurs usages quotidiens concourent à transformer les réflexivités et les modalités de production du jugement professionnel, notamment celles liées à la vision professionnelle que l’IA vient équiper.
Le codage de l’information médicale à l’épreuve de l’IA
Authors: Jeanningros Hugo , Echajari Loubna , Lewkowicz Myriam
Published: January 2025

Le déploiement de l’intelligence artificielle (IA) dans les organisations de santé ne se limite pas aux domaines de la recherche et du soin. Le codage de l’information médicale, étape administrative essentielle au fonctionnement hospitalier, en particulier dans le cadre de la tarification à l’activité, en est également le théâtre. À partir d’une enquête menée par entretiens et observations au sein d’un centre hospitalier français, nous analysons les modalités et effets de l’introduction de l’IA au sein d’un Département d’information médicale (DIM). Alors que l’IA n’a actuellement qu’un impact marginal sur les pratiques et modalités de communications professionnelles au sein de ce DIM, nous montrons que le motif principal d’intégration du dispositif est l’efficience financière du codage dans le cadre de la tarification à l’activité. L’article établit non seulement que l’IA ne réduit pas l’incertitude relative au codage mais aussi qu’elle est susceptible de générer des incertitudes inhérentes à la qualité des données produites, alors même que ces dernières constituent des ressources indispensables à la recherche médicale.
La boîte noire et le médecin
Authors: Desmoulin Sonia
Published: January 2025

Le déploiement d’outils d’aide à la décision basés sur des techniques d’intelligence artificielle a mis en lumière les enjeux d’explicabilité et de transparence dès lors que le traitement automatisé rend plus opaque le cheminement allant des données d’entrées aux résultats en sortie. À partir d’outils développés pour la prise en charge du cancer et de la sclérose en plaques, cet article propose de confronter la réflexion théorique des juristes et les préoccupations pratiques des professionnels de la médecine sur cette question. En s’appuyant sur la littérature juridique, d’un côté, et sur des entretiens et des fiches d’évaluation, de l’autre, l’analyse aboutit au constat d’une disjonction partielle : les professionnels se soucient bien davantage des données d’entraînement et des modalités de validation que de la « logique » interne de l’algorithme informatique et considèrent les options techniques plus ou moins explicables de manière complémentaire plutôt qu’alternative. L’adoption du nouveau Règlement européen sur l’IA offre toutefois des perspectives de convergence intéressantes susceptibles de soutenir l’effectivité des principes d’explicabilité et de transparence sous leurs diverses déclinaisons juridiques.
No Sky Too High, No Sea Too Rough: Qualitative Investigation of Resilience and Suicide in Special Operations Forces Service Members
Authors: Rocklein Kate , Paun Olimpia , Hamilton Rebekah , Shattell Mona , Held Philip , Chandler Genevieve , Viola Steve
Published: January 2025

Purpose

To investigate resilience in American Special Operations Forces (SOF) personnel.

Method

A qualitative descriptive exploratory design was used to interview Special Forces and Navy SEAL participants about their perspectives on and experiences of resilience. Assumptions that high resilience inversely correlates with suicide risk in SOF drove our primary research questions and study focus. Questions were based on Holling's theory of ecological resilience.

Results

Participants provided insightful and detailed data of their resilience and were often self-effacing or self-critical. Responses indicated that although quite resilient, SOF personnel express their resilience in ways known to become pathological and precipitate suicidality if left undetected. Extracted subthemes indicated commitment to others over self and a nexus of trait variables linked to suicidality. Estimated neurotrauma from repetitive blast exposures should be incorporated in future models.

Conclusion

Findings challenge prevailing beliefs that dysfunctional behaviors and suboptimal resilience drive SOF suicide. Results herein justify future research and changes to command postures and U.S. Department of Defense initiatives regarding relationships between and among variables of resilience, neurotrauma, and suicide in SOF. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, xx
(xx), xx–xx.]
Discovering causal relationships among financial variables associated with firm value using a dynamic Bayesian network
Authors: Choi Ji Young , Lee Chae Young , Oh Man-Suk
Published: January 2025

This study investigated the causal relationships among financial variables associated with firm value using a Causal Dynamic Bayesian Network (CDBN), which is an extension of the basic Bayesian network that captures both temporal and contemporaneous causal relationships. The CDBN model was constructed using a panel dataset of listed manufacturing companies in Korea over a 14-year period (2009–2022). By visualizing the interactions between financial factors, the model makes it easy to understand their dynamic and instantaneous relationships, offering valuable insights into corporate finance. Key findings in the model include evidence of autocorrelation in all dynamic variables, a lagged feedback loop between the intangible assets ratio and firm value, the widespread impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the financial sector, and important causal relationships involving key financial metrics such as the fixed assets ratio, firm value, and return on assets ratio.
Influence of the extraction method on the yield and quality of bacaba palm oil from southwestern Amazonia
Authors: Álvares V.S. , Souza J.M.L. , Ferreira E.J.L. , Maciel V.T. , Madruga A.L.S.
Published: January 2025

This study evaluated the extraction, yield and physicochemical quality of the oil extracted from the fruit mesocarp of the bacaba palm using the artisanal, mechanical pressing and artisanal reheating methods. The oil was stored at 26 °C and 81% RH for 365 days and analyzed for free fatty acids, peroxide value and refractive index. Artisanal extraction resulted in low oil yield and quality. Cold pressing was the most advantageous method, resulting in a higher yield per harvest and an oil with lower acidity. Prolonged storage, even in amber packaging, did not maintain the quality of the oil after 180 days. The acidity of the oil was high from all three extraction methods, indicating its unsuitability for food use. This, however, may have been the result of improper handling of the fruits during the experiment.
Entre l’écotourisme et le territoire : quels obstacles à la gouvernance des projets de paysage écotouristiques au Liban ? Le cas de la réserve naturelle de Bentael
Authors: Abi Antoun Elza , Chbat Nada , Petit-Berghem Yves
Published: January 2025

Cette recherche s’appuie sur une étude effectuée dans le cadre d’une thèse de doctorat1 dont l’objectif est d’analyser les démarches écotouristiques dans leurs capacités à produire des projets de paysage garantissant la préservation de l’environnement et la participation des communautés locales, au-delà des contraintes législatives, institutionnelles et spatiales des destinations d’accueil. Cette étude mobilise un travail de terrain basé sur des enquêtes croisant l’expérimentation in situ des aménagements écotouristiques, des questionnaires et des entretiens semi-directifs auprès des acteurs concernés par les projets de paysages écotouristiques choisis. Un focus particulier sur le projet de paysage écotouristique de la réserve naturelle de Bentael révèle que mener une démarche écotouristique est une action à la fois territoriale et paysagère. Cela implique de construire avec les acteurs du territoire de nouveaux modes d’appropriation d’un paysage que l’on souhaite protéger tout en l’ouvrant au public par l’écotourisme.
Rescate de un insecto desconocido y casi extinto en Oaxaca
Authors: Juárez López Claudia Roxana , López Márquez Catalina Yolanda , Rös Matthias
Published: January 2025

Oaxaca es conocido por ser una de las entidades con mayor diversidad biológica y cultural de México. Su orografía y territorio se traduce en una gran variedad de climas y suelos, una alta diversidad y endemismo de diferentes grupos taxonómicos, en especial el de insectos. Los insectos son recursos valiosos en la cultura oaxaqueña, por ejemplo, se consumen chapulines, hormigas chicatanas, gusanos de maguey, jumiles, miel de melipona, escamoles y grana cochinilla. Proporcionando en la dieta sabores, colores, nutrición e ingresos para las familias recolectoras.Uno de los insectos de mayor relevancia histórica y cultural es la grana cochinilla. La cochinilla alguna vez fue el producto de exportación más valioso del México, sin embargo, fueron sustituidas por tintes sintéticos a mediados del siglo XIX, desapareciendo por casi doscientos años. En la década de 1970, una iniciativa privada comenzó el rescate de la cochinilla y preserva este insecto vivo con fines educativos. La importancia del insecto radica en su intenso color carmín que contiene, por lo que este ha sido una fuente de inspiración para científicos, novelistas y poetas. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo explorar relatos y leyendas sobre la grana cochinilla más relevantes.
Le Projet de paysage dans la formation des paysagistes concepteurs : le tournant des années 1990 et la génération 2000
Authors: Otín Natalia Escar , Geisler Élise , Joliet Fabienne
Published: January 2025

Le projet de paysage, démarche opératoire de transformation des paysages et/ou de leurs représentations, a occupé et occupe toujours une place centrale dans la formation des paysagistes concepteurs en France. Au cours des trente dernières années, l’élargissement des missions des paysagistes concepteurs au-delà de la maîtrise d’œuvre et la démultiplication des acteurs du projet d’aménagement, ainsi que la diversification de l’offre de formation et l’augmentation du flux de diplômés et du corps enseignant, tendent à renouveler les démarches du projet spatial au sein des écoles publiques de paysage. Cet article vise dans ce contexte à montrer le glissement progressif vers des enseignements qui, au-delà de former à une expertise de conception spatiale paysagère caractéristique (multiscalaire, fondée sur les spécificités du site), se déploient aussi sur les phases amont et aval du projet de paysage (des études à la gestion). Il cherche également à éclairer plus largement les évolutions pédagogiques induites par le développement des activités de recherche et la diversification du corps enseignant au sein des écoles.
Socialisation aux pratiques professionnelles participatives et pédagogies coopératives. L’exemple de résidences d’étudiants en milieu rural
Authors: Genyk Isabelle , Macaire Élise
Published: January 2025

Cette contribution porte sur la socialisation aux pratiques professionnelles participatives des étudiantes et étudiants à travers l’analyse de leurs attentes et de leurs trajectoires durant la formation initiale et leurs premières expériences professionnelles. Elle repose sur l’un des axes d’une recherche-action fondée sur une expérimentation pédagogique menée depuis 2016 dans le cadre de l’enseignement de l’architecture sous la forme de résidences en interformation dans des communes rurales. L’objectif est de comprendre comment un enseignement du projet « hors les murs » qui repose sur des principes coopératifs et participatifs, participe à la construction des professionnalités émergentes des étudiant.es à travers les choix d’activité et les postures professionnelles en cours de construction.Socialisation to Participative Professional Practices and Cooperative Pedagogies. The Example of Student Residences in Rural AreasThis contribution looks at the socialisation of students into participatory professional practices through an analysis of their expectations and trajectories during their initial training and their first professional experiences. It is based on one of the axes of an action-research project based on a teaching experiment conducted since 2016 in the context of architecture teaching in the form of inter-training residencies in rural municipalities. The aim is to understand how “off-site” project teaching, based on cooperative and participatory principles, contributes to the construction of students' emerging professionalities through the choices of activity and professional postures that are being constructed.
Economic Political and Social Consequences of AI Understanding the AI Technologies Influence With Creative Destruction
Authors: Günar Altuğ
Published: January 2025

Schumpeter's “creative destruction” theory has revealed that innovations in capitalism create a systemic internal renewal process and that the resulting innovations may have social and political consequences. For this reason, Schumpeter's theory of creative destruction provides an excellent framework for understanding the transformation process towards artificial intelligence technologies that are being experienced today. This study examines the economic, political, and social consequences of artificial intelligence technologies based on Schumpeter's theory of creative destruction. As a result, artificial intelligence is a milestone in terms of the technological changes that humanity has faced. Innovations that replaced human labour in the Industrial Revolution have gained the ability to replace humans with artificial intelligence. For this reason, Schumpeter's theory of creative destruction is vital in understanding the consequences that artificial intelligence technologies will bring.
Economic Consequences of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Katenova Maya , Turmaganbetova Karlygash
Published: January 2025

The chapter is purely theoretical and it describes the effect of artificial intelligence on four main factors such as productivity, public goods, competition, and labor. The chapter attempts to discuss positive and negative effects of artificial intelligence on different factors. Artificial intelligence has different apparent advantages as well as disadvantages. Benefits and drawbacks from AI implementation are carefully described in the chapter. The chapter is presented as a discussion and provides different views of different authors. The review of literature is thorough and deep enough. The main purpose of research is to discuss all possible economic consequences of artificial intelligence. The methodological part includes the effect of artificial intelligence on four main above-mentioned factors.
AI and Political Polarization
Authors: Ghose Anuttama , Pallav Pallav , Ali S. M. Aamir
Published: January 2025

As artificial intelligence increasingly permeates political systems, its influence on governance and democratic processes warrants critical examination. This chapter examines the impact of AI-driven algorithms on governance within diverse and polarized political systems, focusing on the dynamics of algorithmic political bias and its implications for democratic processes. It explores how AI can distort political discourse, amplify biases, and challenge the principles of deliberative democracy and constitutionalism. The chapter also addresses the ethical concerns surrounding AI's role in political campaigns, free speech, and privacy, highlighting the need for algorithmic transparency and accountability. Policy recommendations emphasize the importance of ethical governance frameworks to ensure that AI supports rather than undermines democratic integrity and human rights.
Confluence of AI and Global Security Paradigms
Authors: Nair Arjun J. , A. B. Satish Rao
Published: January 2025

The chapter delves into the critical nexus of artificial intelligence (AI) and global security systems in the context of financial anomalies mitigation. It examines the escalating prevalence and sophistication of financial anomalies, underscoring the imperative for innovative and robust countermeasures. The chapter introduces the dimension of financial anomalies, exordium in the framework as a novel paradigm integrating advanced technologies with strategic methodologies to enhance fraud prevention and detection. The core of the chapter explores operationalisation of AI, encompassing machine learning (ML), neural networks and natural language processing (NLP), in the domain of fraud mitigation, critically examining the benefits and limitations of AI-driven systems, emphasizing the significance of data quality, algorithmic bias, and system transparency. Moreover, the chapter delves into the practical implementation of the exordium framework, emphasizing the importance of continuous monitoring, evaluation and adaptation.
Redefining Intellectual Property
Authors: Singh Bhupinder , Kaunert Christian , Arora Manmeet Kaur , Lal Sahil
Published: January 2025

Intellectual property rights (IPRs) are the key elements to promote innovation, creativity, and economic growth. This allows creators and inventors to gain the fruits of their labour and invention, as IPRs may be enforceable by law. This in turn helps to drive the investment of individuals and organizations into further research and development that then creates new products, services, and technology. And even IPRs maintain fair competition by blocking unauthorized use or distribution of the product which in the end protects the speaker from the copycat and theft and it gives the full compensation for the efforts of the people behind products and ideas. This chapter examines the evolving impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on intellectual property (IP) laws and jurisprudence. It explores the challenges and opportunities posed by AI in relation to copyright, patent, and trademark law and discusses the implications for future legal frameworks.
The Future of Employment With the Advent of AI
Authors: Nadimpalli Chaitanya Surya Chandra , Muttamsetty Lakshmi Sramika , Pamu Raja Naveen , Teku Kalyani
Published: January 2025

This chapter examines AI's impact on employment's future, analyzing whether its workforce integration benefits or harms society. The study explores AI adoption's implications across sectors, investigating how it reshapes job markets, skill requirements, and workplace dynamics. It addresses job displacement concerns and emerging employment opportunities while considering workplace AI ethics. The analysis examines education and training adaptation strategies for an AI-driven economy, alongside AI's economic impact on productivity, innovation, and global competitiveness. The chapter evaluates policy frameworks for ensuring AI integration in employment benefits society, balancing technological progress with human welfare and social equity.
The Convergence of Artificial Intelligence and Cybersecurity
Authors: Manea Oana Alexandra , Zbuchea Alexandra
Published: January 2025

Understanding the confluence of artificial intelligence (AI) and cybersecurity is important due to the emerging landscape of digital threats and the growing experience of cyberattacks. According to a study presented at the World Economic Forum in 2024, the global cost of cybercrime is forecasted to jump to $23.84 trillion by 2027. We often observe that the cyberattacks' economic and political impact has increased, especially in large organizations, due to the rise of vulnerabilities and increased value of damages, with long-term effects. Organizations should be aware of the relationships between AI and improved cybersecurity, including the rise in creative destruction with a two-faced impact on organizations. On the one hand, AI could provide new growth opportunities and enhance cybersecurity in new ways. On the other hand, it adds to the vulnerabilities of the systems and determines enhanced needs for data protection and general security measures.