bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EDUCAÇÃO, DEMOCRACIA E CONSERVADORISMO: UMA ANÁLISE CRÍTICO-REFLEXIVA DOS 60 ANOS DO GOLPE MILITAR NO BRASIL, SOB A PERSPECTIVA DA TEORIA CRÍTICA FRANKFURTIANA
Authors: Cunha Gessione Alves da , Scarel Estelamaris Brant
Published: September 2024

Este artigo de cunho bibliográfico realiza uma análise crítico-reflexiva sobre os 60 anos do Golpe Militar no Brasil, buscando examinar as interseções entre educação, democracia e autoritarismo, por intermédio do método dialético da Teoria Crítica frankfurtiana, que lança um olhar crítico sobre as estruturas sociais e políticas, bem como em torno do conservadorismo. Nesse sentido, objetiva destacar as visões tradicionais e institucionais, procurando compreender como as políticas educacionais foram impactadas pelas narrativas conservadoras do Regime autoritário, evidenciando contradições latentes na sociedade brasileira.
O PROCESSO DE MILITARIZAÇÃO DE DUAS ESCOLAS PÚBLICAS NO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO: A DEMARCAÇÃO DE TERRITÓRIO DA AGENDA NEOCONSERVADORA
Authors: Oliveira Johnny Chaves de , Goulart Janaina Moreira de Oliveira , Silva Nathalia Christine Santos Corrêa da
Published: September 2024

O artigo analisa os distintos movimentos adotados para a criação de duas escolas públicas aos moldes militares no estado do Rio de Janeiro, no ano de 2019. Uma delas criada para ser gerida pela Polícia Militar e a outra vinculada ao Programa Nacional de Escolas Cívico-Militares (Pecim). Como argumento principal, são apresentados os percursos distintos para as respectivas criações reforçando o avanço da agenda neoconservadora, a partir de uma perspectiva de hipermilitarização da vida e da sociedade (Bordin, 2020). O estudo se baseia em uma revisão bibliográfica e documental além de analisar e levantar hipóteses acerca da teia institucional que dá bases para a criação de diferentes modelos de militarização da educação.
MILITARISMO-POPULISMO E SEUS REFLEXOS A PARTIR DA EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Gomes Greice Martins
Published: September 2024

Utilizando-se da Análise Crítica do Discurso, este estudo investigou os efeitos do acoplamento do Bolsonarismo com o militarismo a partir da forma como professores e militares são representados em textos relativos ao Programa Nacional da Escolas Cívico-Militares (Pecim). Os resultados evidenciam como se dá a sobrevalorização da imagem dos militares como defensores de um ideal de pátria e nação acompanhada de modos de desvalorização dos professores caracterizados como desviantes de seu fazer técnico-profissional. Como demonstra esta pesquisa, tais formas de representação produzem efeitos práticos na dinâmica escolar ao mesmo tempo que disseminam conteúdos ideológicos antipluralistas, moralistas e anticientificistas a partir destes locais.
“ASSIM, POR SOLIDARIEDADE” MEMÓRIAS DE MULHERES SOBRE A DITADURA MILITAR (1964-1985)
Authors: Valdez Diane , Vicente Keides Batista
Published: September 2024

Este artigo apresenta um debate que visibiliza o período da ditadura militar em um recorte que prioriza a participação, e efetivação, de práticas militantes de mulheres nesse período. Optamos por trazer as memórias nas vozes de duas mulheres militantes, que vivem em Goiás, e que nos autorizaram alçá-las como protagonistas, problematizando os espaços de solidariedades presentes, ao meio da violência imposta pelos algozes da ditadura militar. Na distância do tempo que separa o vivido e o narrado, priorizamos as memórias das resistências em formato de sensibilidades, solidariedades, ajudas e apoios em experiências vividas de um tempo escuro. São caminhos que, como aponta o tema, se construíram “assim... por solidariedade.” Ao revisitarmos essas memórias no presente, ainda que haja esquecimentos, e silenciamentos, da história oficializada, elas foram protagonistas de resistências e de redes solidárias construídas para garantir vidas e a continuidade da luta.
DESAFIOS E PERSPECTIVAS DO FINANCIAMENTO DO SISTEMA ESTADUAL DE EDUCAÇÃO SUPERIOR DA BAHIA
Authors: Mota Júnior Antônio de Macêdo , Conceição Sergio Henrique
Published: September 2024

Este trabalho aborda desafios e perspectivas da gestão universitária, no âmbito de sua dimensão econômica, a partir do financiamento do sistema estadual de educação superior da Bahia, no período de 2010-2019. Nesse sentido, este estudo exploratório, descritivo, bibliográfico e documental busca identificar as práticas político-administrativas, desafios e limitações desse ente estatal, visando à manutenção das atividades universitárias no interior do estado. Os resultados obtidos ratificam que, diante das incompletudes do sistema nacional de educação, limites de financiamento do Tesouro Estadual e percepção equivocada, tanto estadual quanto federal, do entendimento do papel da educação superior pública no país e sua sustentabilidade, torna-se desafiador à manutenção dessa oferta pública e do acesso ao direito à educação de qualidade.
DISJUNÇÕES DO POVO, VIDAS PRECÁRIAS E ESCOLA PÚBLICA
Authors: Oliveira Glaurea Nádia Borges de
Published: September 2024

Amparada em pressupostos político-filosóficos não metafísicos, a presente análise, de caráter teórico-conceitual, busca, em seu primeiro plano argumentativo, evidenciar a não generalidade da categoria povo, problematizando as suas cisões como condição de sua própria existência e a precariedade como um de seus efeitos disjuntivos. Num segundo plano, a partir do entendimento de que a precariedade implica alguma forma de destituição da dignidade de uma vida, sugere que o elo entre a escola pública e as vidas precárias seja pensado por intermédio de uma mirada heterotópica, circunscrita por uma relação constitutiva de pertencimento, por um endereçamento inventivo ao arquivo do mundo e por um gesto que torna os olhos da escola sensíveis às vidas precárias. Ao concluir, sustenta a ideia de que as rupturas do povo, ao mesmo tempo que forjam vidas precárias, constituem-se como premissa de enfrentamento da precariedade, exercendo, sobretudo no espaço-tempo da escola pública, um papel eticamente positivo.
Innovative approach to the production of craft bread: A combination of tradition and innovation
Authors: Semko Tetyana , Paska Mariia , Ivanishcheva Olga , Kryzhak Liliia , Pahomska Olena , Ternova Alla , Vasylyshyna Olga , Hyrych Serhii
Published: September 2024

Today, the need to provide the population with high-quality food products, especially socially vulnerable citizens, requires significant efforts to find raw materials of high nutritional value available for mass consumption and their effective utilisation. This underscores the urgency of identifying reserves of available food nutrients to ensure balanced nutrition for the population of Ukraine, particularly as psycho-emotional stress increases in the conditions of martial law. These studies aim to scientifically justify and develop the latest technologies for bread incorporating sprouted wheat grain, hop sourdough, pumpkin puree, milk thistle, and fermented wort concentrate, which increase nutritional value. This article investigated the physicochemical and technological properties of dietary supplements and plant raw materials, scientifically substantiated the rational concentration and parameters of the technological process for the production of functional bakery products with their use, and studied the organoleptic, physicochemical properties, and nutritional value of the developed bakery products.
ANALISIS YURIDIS TERHADAP 2 (DUA) PUTUSAN YANG BERBEDA DALAM PERKARA PERDATA TINGKAT BANDING NOMOR 161/PDT/2022/PT.DKI
Authors: Wiryawan Hadi , Zein Subhan
Published: September 2024

Kekuasaan kehakiman adalah kekuasaan negara yang merdeka untuk menyelenggarakan Peradilan guna menegakan hukum dan keadilan berdasarkan Pancasila. Keputusan pengadilan harus mencerminkan tiga unsur, yakni keadilan, kepastian hukum, kemanfaatan, dalam perkara nomor 161/PDT/2022/PT DKI bagaimana bisa terjadi timbulnya dua putusan yang berbeda dalam nomor perkara tersebut, Adapun yang menjadi tujuan dalam tesis ini untuk mengetahui dan memahami serta mengkaji sebuah putusan banding agar terciptanya putusan yang berkualitas dan tidak membingungkan para pihak, Dalam melakukan penelitian penulis menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif, fokus pada penelaahan terhadap regulasi hukum yang berlaku hasil dari penelitian ada beberapa unsur temuan yang dapat disimpulkan, di duga tidak telitinya pihak panitra dalam menyalin hasil musyawarah dan berita acara persidangan dalam sebuah Salinan putusan resmi dalam perkara aquo, sistem monitoring dan pengawasan tidak berjalan maksimal serta dilakukan tidak sesuai Standar Operasional Prosedur Mahkamah Agung Tahun 2022, panjangnya waktu dalam proses penanganan dan pemeriksaan perkara di pengadilan (Pengadilan Tinggi) berpotensi membuka peluang terjadinya penyalahguaan wewenang. Dalam penulisan ini penulis memberikan saran, agar suatu perkara dapat terselesaikan secara efektif dan efisien di perlukan pengaturan manajemen yang tepat, Pelaksanaan yang sesuai dengan Standar Operasional Prosedur yang di keluarkan oleh Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia tahun 2022 dan dijadikannya perkara nomor 161/PDT/2022/PT DKI di jadikan bahan pembelajaran agar tidak terulang kembali.
ANALISIS YURIDIS TERHADAP PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA PERDAGANGAN BERJANGKA KOMODITI PADA PERKARA NOMOR: 049/BAKTI-ARB-R/11.2021 BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 30 TAHUN 1999 TENTANG ARBITRASE DAN ALTERNATIF PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA
Authors: Simanjuntak Setia Magdalena , Darwis Nurlely
Published: September 2024

Kurangnya informasi dan edukasi masyarakat terhadap perdagangan berjangka komoditi dan oknum-oknum di Pialang Berjangka yang bertindak tidak sesuai dengan peraturan perdagangan berjangka komoditi membuat banyaknya pengaduan nasabah yang diterima oleh Bappebti sehingga stigma negatif terhadap Perdagangan berjangka komoditi di Indonesia masih lazim berkembang di masyarakat.  Tesis ini berjudul " “Analisis Yuridis Terhadap Penyelesaian Sengketa Perdagangan Berjangka Komoditi pada Perkara Nomor: 049/Bakti-Arb-R/11.2021 berdasarkan Undang-Undang nomor 30 Tntang Arbitrase dan Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa” yang membahas penyelesaian sengketa Perdagangan Berjangka komoditi di Badan Arbitrase Perdagangan Berjangka Komoditi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis empiris, yaitu penelitian hukum terkait implementasi peraturan dan ketentuan hukum normatif yang memfokuskan objek kajian pada perilaku masyarakat dan peristiwa hukum tertentu yang terjadi dalam masyarakat dengan studi kasus Putusan Badan Arbitrase Perdagangan Berjangka Komoditi Risma Ida Dameria Nasution Melawan PT. Kontak Perkasa Futures. Dalam kasus penyelesaian sengketa yang di mana arbiter memutus dengan PT. Kontak Perkasa Futures telah melakukan perbuatan melawan hukum dengan melakukan pergantian kerugian sebesar 15% kepada Risma Ida Dameria Nasution.
CONTENT ANALYSIS OF RECRUITMENT DISCOURSE IN KAZAKHSTAN: LANGUAGE REQUIREMENTS FOR JOB SEEKERS ON THE EXAMPLE OF JOB ADVERTISEMENTS
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Aimoldina Aliya , Zharkynbekova Sholpan ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: September 2024

In the context of globalisation and growing intercultural communication, Kazakhstan’s labour market places high demands on the language competence of job seekers. This study analyses the recruitment discourse by identifying the most in-demand language skills based on content analysis of vacancies on the popular website HeadHunter (hh.kz). The results show that knowledge of Kazakh, Russian and English is critical for various positions, especially in areas such as management, sales, IT, education and business services. English proficiency at the B2 level and above, confirmed by TOEFL and IELTS certificates, provides a competitive advantage. Kazakh and Russian are in high demand in the context of interpretation and negotiation. In some cases, knowledge of other foreign languages is required, such as Chinese, confirmed by HSK certificate. Vacancies emphasise the importance of not only fluent language skills, but also competent oral and written communication. Professional multilingualism is becoming a key factor of successful employment in Kazakhstan, opening up new opportunities for career development.
NOVEL BY A. MATVIENKO “THE DEMON CONTRARY THE LUFTWAFFE” IN THE STYLE INTEGRATION OF REALISM – POSTMODERNISM
Authors:   Vitebsk State University named after P.M. Masherov, Kriklivets Elena
Published: September 2024

The article reveals the cognitive and aesthetic features of modern literature about the Great Patriotic War: an appeal to elements of non-classical aesthetics, to allegorical genre forms. Using the example of the novel by the Belarusian writer A. Matvienko “The Demon contrary the Luftwaffe”, the author of the article explores the methods of artistic world modeling, subjective and object organization, the variety of techniques of mythological quotation in current military prose, and identifies social and cultural implications. The novel was created in the stylistic integration of realism – postmodernism, which, according to the author of the article, embodies the promising vector of development of literature about the Great Patriotic War, since it allows non-military generations to comprehend the tragic events of the past and preserve historical memory.
KEYWORDS AS A STRUCTURAL AND MEANING ELEMENT OF THE TEXT OF SCHOOLCHILDREN’S SCIENTIFIC PROJECTS
Authors:   Pavlodar Pedagogical University named after Alkey Margulan, Abzuldinova Gulsum , Choydon Zegiimaa ,   Mongolian University of Post-Higher Education
Published: September 2024

The article discusses the issue of keywords in schoolchildren’s scientific projects. The author substantiates the position on the importance of keywords in the structure of a scientific text. The scientific project of schoolchildren as a genre of scientific and educational substyle must meet all the requirements for texts of this type, including the requirement for the correct selection of key words. When analyzing the texts of schoolchildren’s scientific projects, the author uses the method of frequency analysis and a method of content analysis such as lemmatization. In the course of this work, he comes to the conclusion that schoolchildren authors of projects correctly use keywords in their scientific projects, and keywords are reflected in the goals of the project, which indicates understanding of the scientific text. To successfully implement scientificprojects, students need to master a number of skills, including mastery of scientific style.
A Qualitative Study on Parents and Caregiver of Children with Cerebral Palsy's Opinions about the Value of and Compliance with Exercise Regimen
Authors: Thakkar Kruti , Mall Tisha , Pathak Abhishek
Published: September 2024

Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a prevalent childhood disability caused by developmental issues in the brain, leading to movement and posture impairments. Caregivers of children with CP often experience heightened stress due to factors such as the caregiver's attributes, the extent of the child's disability, their shared history, and social elements. Despite the family-centered approach in research, a comprehensive perspective on the overall impact on parents and factors influencing their coping mechanisms is lacking. Our study aims to fill this gap by exploring caregivers' perceptions of the value of and compliance with prescribed exercise regimens for children with CP, contributing to the development of more effective, holistic, and family-centered interventions for managing CP. Aim of the study: Explore perceptions about the value of exercise regimens for children with cerebral palsy. Objective: To evaluate the importance of exercises in terms of physical, general health and psychological well-being in children with cerebral palsy (CP).
Material and Method: A total of 100 participants, male and female from different areas and town of Surat city were selected for the study as per the eligibility criteria. Age range of the child was 1-15 years. An interview-based questionnaire was developed to assess the awareness and validated for its content validity by five experts. After validation, participants were asked to fill out the questionnaire and the data was transferred to Microsoft excel and IBM SPSS for further analysis.
Result: Among the study participants, 85% of respondents emphasize importance of exercises. 57% reported significant improvements in mobility. While more significant improvements are noted in muscle strength (60%) and coordination and balance (62%). The impact of exercises on overall health is considered significant by 72% and on independency was 57%. Furthermore, 67% highlight the significant role of exercises in encouraging emotional wellbeing and confidence building.
Conclusion: Individuals were found to have a good understanding of the importance of exercise to improve overall health, balance coordination, muscle strength, confidence, social interaction in Surat city. It is more significant with education of the parents and caregiver of child with cerebral palsy. This study showed that opinion about the value of and compliance with exercise regimen was equivalent to that of developed countries

Keywords: Cerebral Palsy (CP), Parenting caregivers, Exercise regimen, Physiotherapy, Pediatric rehabilitation, Perspectives, Caregiver burden, Therapy adherence.
Predicting Acute Stress with Life Satisfaction and Psychological Resilience Scales during COVID-19 Pandemic in Greece
Authors: Pilafas Georgios , Lyrakos Georgios
Published: September 2024

Background theories in positive psychology and mental health support that ‘Psychological Resilience’ (PR) and ‘Satisfaction with Life’ (SwL) are protective factors of psychological distress. On the other hand, ‘Acute Stress Disorder’ (ASD) is a condition related to the adaptation of sympathetic adaptation after a stressful stimulus in a period of less than a month. Regarding the stressful evident of COVID-19, little evidence is provided on the question of whether PR and SwL can predict ASD. To investigate, the present study received answers to three self-reported scales regarding ASD (Acute-Stress Disorder Scales [ASDS]; M= 38.67, SD= 15.51), PR (Nicholson-McBride Resilience Questionnaire [NMRQ]; M= 41.83, SD= 7.63) and SwL (Satisfaction-with-Life Scale [SWLS]; M= 23.3, SD= 6.31) from a sample of 1,158 Greeks from the general population during the spread of COVID-19 in the country. The results show that ASD is significantly negatively correlated to both PR [r= -.420, p< .001] and SwL [r= -.311, p< .001], while the predictive model (NMRQ and SWLS) predicted significantly ASDS [F(2, 1157) = 1155.06, p< .001, Adjusted R2 = .21]. The results of the study are overall confirmatory to previous studies although relevant literature may be limit as emphasis has been put on PTSD. Future studies may test the same research question in non-COVID conditions to the Greek or other populations.

Keywords: Acute Stress Disorder; Psychological Resilience; Satisfaction with Life; COVID-19; Greece
The Influence of Diabetes and Dyslipidemia on Coronary Heart Disease Survival
and Mortality at H. Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan
Authors: Rodhiah Atikah Najla , Siregar Fazidah Aguslina , Ashar Taufik
Published: September 2024

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the cardiovascular diseases and the main cause of death throughout the world. Based on WHO data, CHD is the first cause of death worldwide from 2000 to 2019. CHD is the second biggest cause of death in Indonesia (Age-standardised years of life lost (YLL) rate 2735 per 100,000 population). The average death rate due to CHD in North Sumatra exceeds the national average (Age-standardised years of life lost (YLL) rate of 3014 per 100,000 population). The aim of this study is to determine the effect of diabetes and dyslipidemia on survival and death in people with CHD. The study used a prospective cohort design with a sample size of 87 people. This research was conducted at the Haji Adam Malik Hospital in Medan from May to December 2023. The study population were all hospitalized patients of CHD at the H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan during the period research time. The research sample was a research population that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data analysis used SPSS with Poisson and Cox regression tests. The results showed that dyslipidemia (p=0.035) and diabetes (p=0.016) had a significant effect on coronary heart disease mortality. Cox regression analysis showed that diabetes (p=0.032; HR 5,519; 95% CI=1.160–26.260) has a significant effect on differences in survival from coronary heart disease. The public is expected to control diabetes and lipid levels to reduce deaths due to CHD.

Keywords: Coronary Heart Disease Survival, Dyslipidemia, Diabetes.
ANALISIS KESIAPAN MADRASAH DALAM IMPLEMENTASI KURIKULUM MERDEKA
Authors: Muna Dwiva Zumarul , Sa’adah Kharisma Laila Naharo , Rohman Fathur
Published: September 2024

The Merdeka Curriculum is an effort to enhance the quality of education through curriculum development. This curriculum is designed to address the setbacks caused by the Covid-19 pandemic and has begun to be implemented across various educational institutions, including madrasahs. However, its application remains rare in madrasah settings. MI Masholihul Huda Krapyak is one of the institutions that has adopted the Merdeka Curriculum policy. This study aims to assess MI Masholihul Huda Krapyak’s readiness for implementing the Merdeka Curriculum, using SWOT analysis to evaluate the components of strengths, opportunities, weaknesses, and threats. Through a descriptive qualitative research method involving interviews, observations, and documentation, the analysis results indicate that MI Masholihul Huda Krapyak is overall prepared to implement the Merdeka Curriculum at its madrasah.
Contribuições das pesquisas realizadas no Programa de pós-graduação em Ensino em Biociências e Saúde para a Educação Científica no Brasil: relatos de experiências dos participantes do encontro de Egressos (Alumni) na Semana Paulo Freire de 2023
Authors: Comarú Michele Waltz , Ramos Fernanda Campello Nogueira , Melo-Silva Clélia Christina , Souza Mariana Conceição de
Published: September 2024

Desde 2019, quando o programa de Pós-graduação em Ensino em Biociências e Saúde (PGEBS) do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC-Fiocruz) completou 15 anos, na data do aniversário de Paulo Freire, aproveitamos a celebração para compartilhar vivências e experiências de pesquisadores da Fiocruz, de outras instituições e, principalmente, dos egressos (aqui chamados de Alumni) do programa. Em 2023 estivemos juntos mais uma vez e convidamos nossos Alumni a compartilharem as suas experiências. Apresentamos aqui esses ricos relatos carregados de orgulho pela alegria de termos contribuído para as histórias tão exitosas apresentadas por nossos egressos e para o progresso da educação científica no Brasil e no mundo. Desejamos que esta leitura seja inspiradora e que possamos seguir fazendo história juntos e guiados pela educação libertadora do mestre Paulo Freire.
Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease: A Rare Lymphadenitis with Diagnostic Challenges and Treatment Considerations
Authors: Jayamon Blessy , Krishna Kosireddy Bindu , Kumar Mugada Vinod , Sai Srinivas Allada Satya , Rao Yarguntla Srinivasa
Published: September 2024

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is a rare form of lymphadenitis that primarily affects young women in Japan and other parts of Asia. It is caused by unknown agents, possibly viruses that trigger an autoimmune response in genetically susceptible individuals. KFD is often misdiagnosed due to its resemblance to other benign and malignant conditions, including SLE-related lymphadenitis and lymphoma. Diagnosis of KFD requires a lymph node biopsy, which reveals characteristic features such as histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis. Additional diagnostic tests, including skin biopsy, MRI, and cerebrospinal fluid analysis, can aid in confirming the diagnosis. KFD is self-limiting, and most patients recover within a few months with symptomatic treatment. However, early intervention with corticosteroids and hydroxychloroquine is crucial for effective management, particularly in cases with extra-nodal involvement or neurological symptoms. Lymph node removal can also be an effective therapeutic measure, and Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), a potential complication of KFD, is managed with a combination of immunoglobulins and steroids. While KFD is a benign condition, its diagnosis and treatment can be challenging, requiring close monitoring and follow-up.
Review on: Diet and its Disease
Authors: V. Nikam Geetanjali , D. Kengar Manohar , V. Kalyani Navnath , A. Patil Amol
Published: September 2024

The modern shift in dietary patterns has significantly contributed to the escalating prevalence of chronic diseases. As societies embrace processed foods high in sugars, saturated fats, and low in essential nutrients, the health implications are profound. This dietary transition, characterized by increased consumption of fast food and refined carbohydrates, has been linked to a surge in obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic disorders. Such diets, rich in empty calories, disrupt metabolic homeostasis, fostering conditions conducive to diabetes and hypertension. The intricate interplay between diet and disease underscores the need for public health interventions promoting balanced nutrition. Addressing this issue requires comprehensive strategies to raise awareness about the long-term health consequences of poor dietary choices, encouraging individuals to adopt healthier eating habits. A collective effort towards promoting nutritional literacy and fostering accessible, nutritious food options is imperative to mitigate the growing burden of diet-related diseases in contemporary society.
Auscultation of heart, its changes and impacts on the cardiac pathophysiology: A descriptive review.
Authors: Kumar Vishal , Jit Tanmay , Chakraborty Jashabir , Kumari Dasgupta Ramesh , Kumar Das Sushanta , Shekhar Dey Niladri , Shil Dibyendu , Deb Roy Saumendu
Published: September 2024

Only after a comprehensive examination of the precordium may one begin an auscultation of the heart. Inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation are all steps in the precordium examination procedure. Here, we only go into detail on cardiac auscultation. Heart sounds and murmurs are extremely hard to hear without the right equipment because their amplitude and frequency signals are so tiny. You may listen to heart sounds by placing your ear over your chest, using a stethoscope, or using a microphone. Graphics are also recorded for the sounds. The four auscultatory areas in our precordium region are the mitral area, tricuspid area, aortic area, and pulmonary area. Heart sounds has significant diagnostic significance in clinical practise because changes in heart sounds are indicative of heart valve dysfunction. With the use of a stethoscope or microphone, one may hear four different heart sounds: the first heart sound (LUB), also known as s1, the second heart sound (DUB), also known as s2, the third heart sound (s3), and the fourth heart sound (s4). Every normal person can hear their first and second heart sounds, but only those with abnormal cardiac issues can hear their third and fourth heart sounds. With the use of a stethoscope, murmurs may also be heard.
A Review on Natural Penetration Enhancer for Transdermal Drug Delivery System
Authors: Sandhya Jadhav , Siddheshwar S. S.
Published: September 2024

The transdermal drug delivery route is gaining recognition as a promising method, given its advantages such as bypassing hepatic first-pass metabolism, reducing side effects and gastrointestinal issues, and enhancing patient compliance through pain-free self-administration. However, a significant challenge in this route lies in the difficulty of drug penetration through the skin, primarily due to the stratum corneum forming a protective barrier against the external environment. The efficacy of transdermally delivered drugs relies on their ability to cross this barrier and reach the systemic circulation. Penetration enhancers play a crucial role in facilitating this process by increasing skin permeability, thereby maintaining optimal drug levels in the bloodstream. These enhancers can be categorized as chemical, natural, or physical. This review focuses on exploring the potential of natural permeation enhancers for facilitating the transdermal permeation of drugs.
Review on Cleome Viscosa Linn Plant with their various Biological and Pharmacological Activities
Authors: S Andhale Nikita , S Bhosale Mayur , S Aher Harshada
Published: September 2024

Viscosa cleome Linn. (Capparidaceae), sometimes known as “wild or dog mustard,” is an annual, sticky herb that grows as a common weed across the tropics and on the plains of India. In traditional and folkloric systems, the entire plant and its components (leaves, seeds, and roots) are frequently used. Medical field. According to traditional medical systems, the plant has positive effects as an Carminative, antiscorbutic, sudorific, febrifuge, anthelmintic, antiseptic, sudorific, stimulant of the heart, and sudorific. Following The numerous historical assertions that C. viscosa (CV) can treat a wide range of illnesses, significant Researchers have made an effort to confirm its usefulness by pharmacological testing. Pharmacological research have revealed that CV has a number of noteworthy biological actions, including hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, analgesic, antipyretic, immunoregulatory, antihelminthic, antibacterial, psychopharmacological, antidiarrheal, and antipyretic properties. The plant has produced a wide range of phytoprinciples that have been isolated. The goal of the current review is to combine traditional, ethnobotanical, and phyto-Information about C. viscosa’s chemistry and pharmacology is currently accessible.
Review on Analytical Method Development for Estimation of Doxofylline in Pharmaceutical Dosage Form
Authors: Dasharath Ugale Seema , Jadhav Megha , Wagh Vaishnavi
Published: September 2024

This Review article is intended to highlight the analytical methods of Doxofylline in indivisual as well as combined pharmaceutical dosage form Doxofylline plays an important role in Asthma, COPD and various Respiratory diseases. Doxofylline is New generation long acting Oral methyl xanthine derivative. Doxofylline (7-(1.3 dioxolan-2ylmethy 1) 3.7 dihydro 13 dimethyl-1H purine 2. 6 Dione) is a newer generation xanthine with Broncho dilating and anti-inflammatory activities and for this reason it has been called Novofylline. Now these drugs are easily available in market in their indivisual form as well as combined Dosage form. Various analytical methods have been reported for the estimation of these drugs in their individuals as well as their combined Dosage form.
Evaluation of Anthelmintic Potential in Ethanolic and Methanolic Extracts of Saraca asoca Roxb. Bark
Authors: N. Girge Shubham , C. Kardile Vaishnavi , M. Kawade Sakshi , A. Thorat Kaushal
Published: September 2024

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of ethanolic and methanolic extracts of bark of Saraca asoca Roxb. using Pheretima posthuma as test worms. In order to compare the activity with piperazine citrate as a reference standard, the paralysis and death times were examined. The ethanolic and methanolic extracts of bark of Saraca asoca Roxb. showed a considerable anthelmintic effect as measured by a reduction in the time it took to paralyse and die. The results thus support the use of Saraca asoca Roxb. as an anthelmintic agent. Alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, and flavonoids appear to be the phytoconstituents with anthelmintic activity.
Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Keratanophilic Fungi
Authors: Sharma Radhika
Published: September 2024

Soil baiting has been used for a number of years for the isolation of specific soil fungi. For isolation of keratinophilic fungi from soil, keratin or hair baiting technique given by Vanbreuseghem (1952) is widely used. As per this procedure, different keratinous substrates are used as a bait to lure keratinophilic species. In the present stuidy. soil samples from different areas of Jammu like Rajouri Spring, RS Pura, Akhnoor Jhiri area were collected and different baits like wool, feathers and hairs were used to grow keratinophilic fungi. Soil samples found positive for keratinophiles, total 43 pure cultures were isolated and out of 43, 30 cultures selected for streaking on SDA plates. Fungal isolates were identified by examining gross morphology of fungal colonies followed by microscopic visualisation. The genomic DNA of fungal isolates was isolated following the protocol of Saghai and Maroof et al with slight modification. Eukaryotic based ITS specific primers ITSI and ITS 4 were used amplify ITSI, 5.88 and ITS2 region.
Spatial Planktonic-diversity in Gandak floodplains of Gopalganj, Bihar
Authors: Kumar Tiwari Lakhan , Bhardwaj Nalini
Published: September 2024

The floodplains contribute significantly in maintaining regional freshwater biodiversity. The planktonic community of a floodplain is strongly affected by the spatial changes in abundance and diversity of phytoplankton and zooplankton. The objectives of this study were to establish the diversity and distribution of planktons in the Gandak floodplains of Gopalganj district in Bihar. During the biannual seasonal analysis of this pond between year 2019-21, the average values for phytoplankton density and zooplankton density were observed respectively. The result suggested good planktonic diversity in the floodplain, which is suitable and adequate for rich fish community in the floodplains.
Protective effects of the gut microbial metabolite TMAO upon the brain - there is no such thing as a 'good' or 'bad' metabolite
Authors: McArthur Simon
Published: September 2024

Although our understanding of the importance of the gut microbiota-brain axis in health and disease has increased dramatically over the last decade, our knowledge of the signalling systems that underlie this communication lags behind. Strong evidence points to a role for the various microbial metabolites found in the host circulation and their actions at the principal interface of the brain and the periphery, the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is produced by hepatic oxidation of its gut microbe-derived precursor trimethylamine (TMA) and has been associated with a number of cardiovascular disorders in population-level studies, although its effect(s) on the brain have received less attention. We investigated whether TMAO could modulate the cerebral vasculature and what implications this might have for cognition. We show that physiologically relevant concentrations of TMAO enhance and protect BBB integrity in vitro, acting by mobilisation of the inter-endothelial tight junction regulator annexin A1, while in contrast, TMA impaired BBB function and disrupted tight junction integrity. Notably, beneficial effects of TMAO were replicated in vivo, with its administration reversing BBB impairment induced by either acute or chronic administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). This protective effect was consequential for brain function, with long-term TMAO administration via the drinking water preventing LPS-induced recognition memory impairment. Further examination revealed that TMAO prevented LPS-induced glial activation in the entorhinal cortex, a key area for recognition memory. Together, these data identify TMAO as a significant actor in the gut-brain axis, and indicate beneficial effects upon both the brainâ€™s defensive systems and cognitive function â€“ emphasising the importance of dose in studying microbial metabolites. This broadens the range of mediators involved in gut microbe-brain communication, and reinforces the BBB as a significant interface in this axis. As circulating TMAO is ultimately derived from dietary choline, these changes may help explain the well-known beneficial effects of consumption of a seafood-rich diet upon the brain and could have implications for neurological conditions such as dementia.
The Microbiome side of OBGYN
Authors: Walther-Antonio Marina
Published: September 2024

We will do a recap of our microbiome work in Obstetrics and Gynecology, starting with our findings in healthy populations and natural variation. Then transitioning to healthy obstetrics and preterm labor. And wrapping up with gynecologic cancers, particularly endometrial and ovarian cancer.
The human virome in health and disease
Authors: Bushman Frederic
Published: September 2024

Viruses are the numerically most abundant biological entities on Earth. The lecture will review approaches for studying the human-associated virome. The lecture will overview results from the field, then focus on two recent studies. The first characterizes the mechanism of colonization of human neonates by viruses. Neonates begin life sterile, but by one month virus-like particles are detectable in stool at a billion per gram. Multiple research strategies show that prophage induction provides a first wave of viral colonization. Viruses that grow on human cells appear later, and abundance of these viruses are negatively associated with breast feeding. Thus colonization of the gut of neonates appears to be step-wise, first by prophages induced from pioneer bacteria, and secondly by viruses infecting human cells, which is inhibited by breastfeeding. The second reports on studies of the virome dark matter, and the identification a new family of human-associated oro respiratory viruses recovered from the viral dark matter, named Redondoviruses.
Using strain-resolved analysis to identify contamination in metagenomics data
Authors: Lou Clare
Published: September 2024

Metagenomics analyses can be negatively impacted by DNA contamination. While external sources of contamination such as DNA extraction kits have been widely reported and investigated, contamination originating within the study itself remains underreported. Here we applied high-resolution strain-resolved analyses to identify contamination in two large-scale clinical metagenomics datasets. By mapping strain sharing to DNA extraction plates, we identified well-to-well contamination in both negative controls and biological samples in one dataset. Such contamination is more likely to occur among samples that are on the same or adjacent columns or rows of the extraction plate than samples that are far apart. Our strain-resolved workflow also reveals the presence of externally derived contamination, primarily in the other dataset. Overall in both datasets, contamination is more significant in samples with lower biomass. Our work demonstrates that genome-resolved strain tracking, with its essentially genome-wide nucleotide-level resolution, can be used to detect contamination in sequencing-based microbiome studies. Our results underscore the value of strain-specific methods to detect contamination and the critical importance of looking for contamination beyond negative and positive controls.
Host-microbe interactions in the vaginal microenvironment
Authors: Patras Kathryn
Published: September 2024

This talk will summarize current efforts of the Patras lab to establish preclinical models of the vaginal microenvironment and assess the functional role of the vaginal microbiota in the context of a variety of host states including health, pregnancy, and diabetes.
Ethical considerations of research on the microbiome of vulnerable populations
Authors: Vonaesch Pascale
Published: September 2024

Today, microbiome knowledge and research is largely restricted to high- and middle-income countries, especially in North America, Europe as well as Asia. As the microbiome varies across geographies and lifestyles, it is of utmost importance to fill these “white gaps” and include also with communities and age groups that did not participate in these efforts to date. Many of these communities are- for different reasons- considered as vulnerable populations and including them in microbiome research thus poses many important ethical questions. In this presentation, I aim to give examples of ethical questions and constraints that arise when working on the microbiome of vulnerable populations. Giving examples from our research on the microbiome of undernourished children and their families from the Global South over the last years, I aim to stimulate discussion and reflection on these questions, to foster even better and more inclusive collaborations across cultures, disciplines and social structures in the future.
Gut microbiota manipulation in neurodevelopmental disorders: implication from animal models of infantile epilepsy
Authors: Mu Chunlong
Published: September 2024

Infantile epileptic spasms syndrome (IESS) is a devastating early-onset epileptic encephalopathy with a poor neurodevelopmental prognosis. Accumulating evidence proposes an important role of gut microbiota in neurodevelopmental disorders via microbiota-gut-brain axis. In a neonatal rat model of IESS, we show both the ketogenic diet and antibiotic administration to reduce seizure frequency and to be associated with improved developmental outcomes. Seizure reductions were accompanied by specific gut microbial alterations including increases in Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactococcus lactis. Mimicking the fecal microbial alterations in a targeted probiotic, we administered these species in a 5:1 ratio. Probiotic administration reduced seizures and improved locomotor activities in control diet-fed animals, similar to KD-fed animals while a negative control (Ligilactobacillus salivarius) had no impact. These results suggest that a targeted microbiota manipulation could improve behavior outcome in infantile epilepsy and provides new insights into microbiota manipulation as a therapeutic avenue for neurodevelopmental disorders.

Link to OA paper: https://www.thelancet.com/journals/ebiom/article/PIIS2352-3964(22)00017-2/fulltext
The Leke Project: raise awareness on vaginal health in Cameroon
Authors: Kenfack Josiane
Published: September 2024

Research on vaginal microbiome is expanding worldwide. Increasingly, research is being directed towards remote countries or communities where microbiome data were previously non-existent, and this is sometimes accompanied by challenges in communication, recruiting participants, collecting samples, and even transporting and storing these samples. The Leke project is an Isala sister project carried out in Cameroon which aims to map the vaginal microbiome of healthy women and break the taboo around vaginal health. Particularly in the Leke project, we raised awareness about vaginal health and healthy practices in remote communities by including in the conversation to men and women. In this presentation, we will explain the challenges we faced and how we overcame them to research the vaginal microbiome.

Link to Josiane’s blog about the project: https://isala.be/en/the-leke-project-a-journey-to-the-isala-sister-project-in-cameroon/
Novel high-resolution targeted sequencing of the cervicovaginal microbiome
Authors: Molina Mariano A.
Published: September 2024

The cervicovaginal microbiome (CVM) plays a significant role in women’s cervical health and disease. Microbial alterations at the species level and characteristic community state types (CST) have been associated with acquisition and persistence of high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infections that may result in progression of cervical lesions to malignancy. Current sequencing methods, especially most commonly used multiplex 16S rRNA gene sequencing, struggle to fully clarify these changes because they generally fail to provide sufficient taxonomic resolution to adequately perform species-level associative studies. To improve CVM species designation, we designed a novel sequencing tool targeting microbes at the species taxonomic rank and examined its potential for profiling the CVM. Results. We introduce an accessible and practical circular probe-based RNA sequencing (CiRNAseq) technology with the potential to profile and quantify the CVM. In vitro and in silico validations demonstrate that CiRNAseq can distinctively detect species in a mock mixed microbial environment, with the output data reflecting its ability to estimate microbes’ abundance. Moreover, compared to 16S rRNA gene sequencing, CiRNAseq provides equivalent results but with improved sequencing sensitivity. Analyses of a cohort of cervical smears from hrHPV-negative women versus hrHPV-positive women with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia confirmed known differences in CST occurring in the CVM of women with hrHPV-induced lesions. The technique also revealed variations in microbial diversity and abundance in the CVM of hrHPV-positive women when compared to hrHPV-negative women. Conclusions. CiRNAseq is a promising tool for studying the interplay between the CVM and hrHPV in cervical carcinogenesis. This technology could provide a better understanding of cervicovaginal CST and microbial species during health and disease, prompting the discovery of biomarkers, additional to hrHPV, that can help detect high-grade cervical lesions.

Link to OA paper: https://bmcbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12915-021-01204-z
Topic models for interpretable multidomain microbiome data
Authors: Holmes Susan
Published: September 2024

Data from sequencing bacterial communities are formalized as contingency tables whose columns correspond to different biological sample-specimens. The row-features are a random collection of Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs in the case of 16S rRNA type amplicon sequencing) or gene fragments (in the case of metagenomics). In both cases, these entities are defined after the data are collected, thus imposing a nonparametric framework. There are usually more features-rows than columns imposing necessary regularization through use of Bayesian priors.

However, the classical Dirichlet-multinomial models are insufficient to account for the strong associations (or exclusions) between certain bacteria, thus recent hierarchical models such as latent Dirichlet topic models have provided a more flexible framework that allow mixed membership models more appropriate for these non-Gaussian data.

We will show how these hierarchical topic models can enhance our understanding of both longitudinal dependencies between samples and biological dependencies between taxa, regardless of the differences in sampling depth and sources of variability.
This contains work with Kris Sankaran, Pratheepa Jeganathan, Laura Symul, Ben Callahan, and David Relman.