bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Poetic Migrations within Socialist Yugoslavia and the Non-Aligned Movement
Authors: Živković Yvonne
Published: February 2025

This article analyzes the Yugoslav poetry festival, The Poetry Evenings in Struga, Macedonia as a catalyst of transnational poetry exchanges on the fringes of Europe between 1961 and 1990. It examines to what extent the organizers, the participating poets and the literary output generated by the festival (anthologies, journals, translations etc.) contributed to the promotion of poetry as world literature. By evoking a migratory poetics through various means and practices, the festival intended to further transnational solidarity as one of the central tenets of the Non-Aligned Movement. The three crucial elements of this migratory poetics were: 1) the subversion of spatial and political categories of the time, specifically those of an eastern and western bloc, invoking an ideal of poetry that was constantly oscillating between the local and the global, and which particularly recognized those marginalized within the dominant political power dynamic; 2) the promotion of multilingualism and translation, particularly from and into minor languages (the festival’s main languages were Macedonian and Serbo-Croatian) and 3) the invitation and recognition of authors who were either internally or geographically displaced from their countries of origin due to their non-conformist and dissident views.
وثيقة بيع وشراء ثلاث إماء مدونة
Authors: فقعس أحمد
Published: February 2025

الملخص

‫تتناول الدراسة بالشرح والتحليل وثيقة بيع وشراء ثلاث إماء، مدونة في أحد النقوش الخشبية المحفوظة في المتحف الحربي بصنعاء، ولا تكمن أهمية النقش في محتواه اللغوي المشتمل على عددٍ من المفردات الجديدة ولا في موضوعه الاجتماعي المهم الذي يسلط الضوء على إحدى المعاملات اليومية التي مارسها اليمنيون قديمًا فحسب، وإنما أيضًا لأنهُ يُعد من أطول النقوش الخشبية المكتشفة حتى اللحظة وأكبرها حجمًا.‬
هينة بنت وهب، امرأة نبطية حِجْرية من القرن الأول الميلادي
Authors: الفاسي هتون أجواد
Published: February 2025

ملخص

‫يبلغ عدد مقابر الحِجر/ مدائن صالح (محافظة العلا) التي تحمل كتابات ضريحية والتي تم الكشف عنها حتى الآن 36 مقبرة نبطية تحمل 39 نقشًا، حيث إن 33 منها مؤرخة بين العام الأول قبل الحقبة العامة (ق.م.) والعام 74 من الحقبة العامة (الميلادي)، وسبع من هذه المقابر تعود ملكيتها لنساء وثلاث أخرى تملكها نسوة مع رجال. إحدى هذه المقابر التي لم تمس نظرًا لانسداد مدخلها، تعود إلى هينة بنت وهب التي توفيت عام 60/61م وتركت نصًا (JS26) تحدد فيه من هم ورثتها ومن لهم الحق في الدفن في هذه المقبرة. وفي عام 2008 دخلت المقبرة في تنقيبات “المشروع السعودي-الفرنسي للآثار” (2002–2022) والذي قدم معلومات مهمة عن الأنباط والمرأة النبطية وعادات الدفن. وهي المقبرة الوحيدة التي تملكها امرأة تم التنقيب فيها حتى الآن. وتسعى هذه الورقة، من جانب، إلى الربط بين النص الضريحي والكشف الأثري، ومن جانب آخر، إلى عقد المقارنة وتحليل أبعاد هذه العلاقة اجتماعيًا، واقتصاديًا، وسياسيًا ودينيًا، بناء على الدراسات اللغوية والتاريخية والأثرية. وتقع في سياق محاولتنا الحثيثة لفهم مكانة المرأة في المجتمع النبطي خاصة والعربي قبل الإسلام عامة.‬
الملك نابونائيد في الجزيرة العربية في ضوء المصادر المسمارية
Authors: حسين ليث مجيد
Published: February 2025

الملخص

‫لقد كشفت الحفريات السعودية الألمانية الأخيرة في تيماء عن دليل مباشر على أن الملك البابلي نابونائيد (555–539 ق.م.) قد عاش بالفعل في تلك المدينة العربية المهمة. في بداية عامه الرابع، مباشرةً بعد غزوه لأدوم، سار نابونائيد وجيشه جنوبًا واستولوا على مدينة دادانو. وفيما يخص تيماء ومدن عربية أخرى في الحجاز تم الاستيلاء عليها أو تدميرها في وقت مبكر. فيبدو أن نابونائيد جعل مقره الملكي في تيماء. كما تُظهر نصوص أخرى أن قوافل الجمال كانت تنقل المؤن إلى هناك من بلاد بابل. وفي حين لم يتخلَّ نابونائيد عن مركزه كملك على الإمبراطورية، أوكل الى ابنه بيلشاصر مسؤولية إدارة الحكم في بابل. وبما أن تيماء كانت ملتقى طرق القوافل القديمة التي نقلت الذهب والتوابل عبر بلاد العرب، فربما أولى نابونائيد هذه المدينة اهتمامه لأسباب اقتصادية، أو لعل عوامل استراتيجية عسكرية كانت السبب. وهناك من يقول أن نابونائيد ارتأى لدواعٍ سياسية أن يدير شؤون بابل من خلال ابنه. كما ذُكرت عوامل أخرى، مثل المناخ الصحي في تيماء ورواج عبادة القمر في بلاد العرب، كأسباب مرجحة لتفضيل نابونائيد الظاهر لمدينة تيماء.‬
جنوب الجزيرة العربية وشمالها في نقوش حصن كُحْلان (اليمن)
Authors: نعمان خلدون هزاع عبده
Published: February 2025

الملخص

‫يتناول البحث بالدراسة أربعة نقوش دوِّنت بخط المُسند، جميعها غير مكتملة، أعيد استخدامها في تشييد السور، ومسجد قرية حصن كُحْلان القريبة من العاصمة الريدانية (ظفار)، المصدر المرجح لهذه النقوش. محتوى ثلاثة نقوش منها يشير إلى أحداث تاريخية مهمة جرت في شمال شرق الجزيرة العربية، في عهد الملك شرحبئيل ينْكف، الذي حكم في النصف الثاني من القرن الخامس الميلادي، وتذكر أسماء عدد من الأماكن التي جرت فيها الأحداث وهي غير معروفة من قبل، وتقع ضمن أراضي قبيلة معد وعبد القيس، كما تذكر اسم (شمّر ذا ملحيان) كبير أسد كلبان، وهو شخصية تاريخية ترد لأول مرة في النقوش. أما النقش الرابع، فلم يتبق منه إلا جزء صغير، نفهم منه أنه من نقوش البناء، دوّن في عهد الملك الريداني ذرأ أمر ايمن ملك سبأ وذي ريدان وحضرموت ويمنات، وتعد هذه النقوش إضافة مهمة لمعارفنا السابقة عن العلاقات بين جنوب الجزيرة العربية وشمالها، والتي كانت تتسم -في الغالب- بالصراع المستمر بين الطرفين.‬
Al-Nejd, a Fortified Samad Late Iron Age Settlement in Sharqiyya North Governorate, Sultanate of Oman: an Attempted Reconstruction
Authors: Yule Paul A. , Ayash Nasser Bovoleti
Published: February 2025

First reported in 2014, a fortified site atop a small mountain adjacent to the village of al-Nejd shows another facet of the settlements of the little-known Samad Late Iron Age (SLIA). Until recently, few settlements of the Early Iron Age and late pre-Islamic period are recorded and published in the land between the Oman Peninsula (U.A.E.) and Oman’s southern province, Dhofar. While analyzing graves with skeletons and finds of the latter period yields information about their owners, settlements lag far behind. With this background, al-Nejd offers new insight into the settlement, in addition to the first coin to be found in Oman.

The authors attempt graphic documentation to contextualize the architecture and answer two questions. First, is there a typical kind of SLIA fortification separate from other periods? Second, how closely is the SLIA related to its neighbors and the preceding period in terms of material culture and architecture?
Bangladeshi workers on the edge of the labour regime in Italian Fincantieri shipyards
Authors: Rabby Al Amin , Sacchetto Devi
Published: February 2025

Based on ethnographic research and interviews conducted over 2 years (2021–2023), mainly with Bangladeshi workers, community leaders, local NGO staff and trade union representatives in two Italian shipyards in Fincantieri, this paper focuses on the interrelations of labour process, social reproduction and migration regime. Our study analyses how the articulations of these three spheres in a specific locality shape social relations within and outside the workplace. First, we focus on the analysis of the labour process organised through subcontracting firms and informal intermediaries that select workers and control them inside the workplace. Second, we show how the social reproduction of the Bangladeshi workers in the private sphere is influenced and controlled by their ‘ethnic community’. Third, we highlight the impact of Italian migration and labour policy on workers' behaviour. The intertwined nature of the mechanisms of these processes reflects the fact that workplaces are not a detached part of society. Rather, they are embedded in general political rules and involve the time and space of social reproduction where the labour force reproduces itself.
Doctor Who? A Demographic Profile of Doctoral Recipients in Music From 1984 to 2022
Authors: Miller David S.
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study was to examine the demographic profile of doctoral music recipients by discipline from 1984 to 2022. Using sociological institutionalist and feminist institutionalist frameworks, I analyzed institution-level panel data from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( N = 3,461) to examine the demographic characteristics of doctoral recipients in music education, music history/musicology, music theory/composition, and music performance. The number of doctoral completers in education, history/musicology, and theory/composition remained relatively stable over 4 decades. The number of doctoral completers in performance increased nearly fourfold, from 342 in 1984 to 1,253 in 2022. Compared to doctoral recipients across all academic disciplines, more music doctoral completers tended to be White. Music education and history/musicology recipients mirrored broader trends toward higher proportions of female doctoral recipients, but performance and theory/composition remained disproportionately male. Additionally, no music doctorates were ever awarded at Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) despite the proportion of doctoral recipients at HBCUs in other disciplines increasing over the observed period. Results are discussed in the context of the formal and informal institutions that contribute to the homogenization of various music student and teacher populations across race/ethnicity and gender.
Note-taking in Academic Listening: A Translanguaging Perspective
Authors: Irgin Pelin
Published: February 2025

With the increasing demands for academic listening and note-taking in English for academic purposes (EAP) settings, L2 English students are expected to understand academic listening tasks introduced by their professors, understand the key information given by the speakers, and take notes while listening so as not to miss the important points. This study reports on EAP students’ note-taking in academic listening from a translanguaging perspective. It explores the integration of note-taking (Turkish and English, translanguaging) into an academic listening course in Türkiye and its effects on 45 Turkish students’ L2 English listening test scores, with the achievement level of students as a moderating variable. The results show the noticeable effect of note-taking in English and translanguaging on the students’ listening test scores. The article provides empirical descriptions of note-taking instruction and discusses the pedagogical implications, including suggestions for teachers to expand their repertoire of strategies for teaching academic listening and note-taking with a translanguaging approach.
Energy Consumption, Foreign Direct Investment, and Urban Development: The Cases of Nigeria and South Africa
Authors: Olubiyi Ebenezer Adesoji , Adedeji Adedayo Oluseun , Akiwale Ibukunoluwa Tolulope
Published: February 2025

This study examines the causal relationship among energy consumption, foreign direct investment (FDI), and urbanization in Nigeria and South Africa in the context of a three-variable vector autoregressive (VAR) method. Both Granger causality and impulse response functions alongside variance decomposition analysis are carried out. Utilizing dataset for the variables spanning 1980 to 2022, the unrestricted and Toda Yamamoto VAR models are estimated. Results show a unidirectional relationship between FDI and energy consumption, and a feedback effect between electricity and urbanization in Nigeria. For South Africa, causality runs from energy consumption to urbanization, urbanization to petroleum consumption and electricity consumption, natural gas consumption to urbanization. A feedback effect between FDI and urbanization was also discovered. The result also reveals that urban development induces electricity consumption. The feedback effect established between urbanization and FDI implies that rapid growth in urbanization is a significant contribution to the inflows of FDI. The causality running from energy and natural gas consumption to urbanization shows that massive use of fossil fuel and natural gas are significant contributors to the urban development in South Africa. Based on these results some policy implications and recommendations are noted.
Lighting a green future: The role of FinTech in the renewable energy transition
Authors: Qin Qi , Tan Linfang
Published: February 2025

With the severity of global climate change becoming increasingly evident, the shift to renewable energy has become the key to achieving sustainable development. Using data from the prefecture level in China, we construct a comprehensive FinTech index from the institutional and individual levels using the entropy method, aiming to capture the multi-dimensional value of FinTech comprehensively. This paper quantifies the momentum that FinTech provides to the urban renewable energy transition. Our investigation shows that FinTech can play a crucial role in enhancing urban renewable energy transition, especially in cities with strict environmental policies, relatively developed economies, and eastern and midland cities. This study further reveals the impact path of FinTech-driven urban renewable energy transformation, and we find that the key path is to curb capital misallocation, strengthen public environmental attention, and improve green innovation. These results expand the research perspective of renewable energy transition and provide a path choice for China to realize renewable energy transition under the dual-carbon goal.
Accuracy and time efficiency of an automated commercial audiometer in the evaluation of hearing in quiet and noisy environments
Authors: Yi Ying , Wang Xian-Ren , Xiong Qin , Xiong Guan-Xia
Published: February 2025

Introduction:

In this study, we sought to validate the effectiveness of an automated audiometry system in quiet (AA) and noisy environments (AA-N) by comparing the air pure-tone thresholds obtained by AA to those obtained by traditional manual audiometry (MA).

Methods:

In this cross-sectional study, 150 participants with or without hearing loss were tested (age: 11–84 years; female: 57.3%). Air conduction thresholds were assessed by MA, AA, and AA-N in a quiet or noisy sound booth.

Results:

In participants without hearing loss, 94.5% and 96% of the threshold comparisons differed between MA versus AA and AA versus AA-N within 10 dB HL or less. In participants with hearing loss, there was no statistically significant difference between the three testing conditions at any frequency ( p > 0.05). The hearing threshold difference in the poor hearing ear in participants with a bilateral difference ≥40 dB HL was −15 and +15 dB HL; however, this difference was not statistically significant when excluding participants with tinnitus.

Conclusions:

Automatic audiometry can accurately estimate hearing thresholds and screen for hearing loss even in noisy environments. Nevertheless, the algorithm must be corrected when patients experience tinnitus.
Does agnosticism precede atheism? Investigating the question in the context of Western European countries
Authors: KARIM Moise , SAROGLOU Vassilis
Published: February 2025

Nonbelief is increasing in secular countries. Among the nonreligious/nonbelievers (hereafter nonbelievers), agnostics differ from atheists in terms of underlying psychological characteristics. Can agnosticism be considered as a transient stance from religion to atheism? Using European Values Study (EVS) data from 18 Western European countries, we investigated this question both cross-sectionally and across three waves (EVS 1999 to 2017). Cross-sectionally, in more secular societies, the proportion of atheists among the nonbelievers is higher – and agnostics’ lower. Across time, from 1999 to 2017, in most countries, the proportion of agnostics among nonbelievers decreased – and inversely the one of atheists increased, a pattern that followed secularization and seemed common across age groups. Nevertheless, the proportion of agnostics remains important. These findings suggest that the more secularism/nonbelief becomes socially normative, the more people become or ‘come out’ as clear atheists. Agnosticism seems partly a transient convictional status from faith to atheism and partly a sui-generis category.
The Community College Athletic Pathway: An Examination of Community College Athletes to an NCAA Division I Institutions
Authors: Ortega Guillermo , Grafnetterova Nikola
Published: February 2025

Objective: This study is guided by Yosso’s Community Cultural Wealth (CCW) framework and examines community college choice for athletes who eventually transferred to an NCAA Division I institution. Specifically, we aimed to answer the following research question: (1) What factors influenced college athletes’ decisions to enroll at a community college? (2) What experiences impacted community college athletes’ decisions to transfer to NCAA Division I institutions? Methods: Using a case study design, we interviewed 11 college athletes to understand their academic and athletic transfer pathway to a NCAA Division I institution. Based on our interviews, the following themes emerged: (1) college sports opportunities, (2) athletic steppingstone, (3) athletic transfer network, and (4) family influence. Results: Specifically, we found resistant capital was evident in our participants’ responses because their decision to enroll in community college was largely due to their desire to participate in sports after high school. Another central finding of this study is how many participants enrolled at community colleges with aspirations of playing at Division I institutions. Regarding our second research question, this study found how experiences with community college athletic personnel provided our participants with navigational capital. Our findings also reveal how familial capital influenced our participant’s decision to enroll in community college athletic programs and continued education at a 4 year institution. Conclusion: The authors provide recommendations to researchers and practitioners to further support and explore how community college athletes access NCAA Division I institutions.
“I’m Not a Juvenile Delinquent”: Mixed-Race Doo-Wop, Gang Culture, and the War against Rock ’n’ Roll, 1954-1957
Authors: Joseph Matthew Pessar
Published: February 2025

Despite its massive mid-century popularity, doo-wop music has received little scholarly attention and has instead been studied by amateur collectors. If doo-wop is rock ’n’ roll’s forgotten genre, no groups have been more neglected than mixed-race ensembles. By examining either Black or white groups, fans and scholars have embraced racial binarism, minimizing the importance of Latinx vocalists. Mixed-race acts championed cross-cultural interaction even as critics accused them of promoting miscegenation and delinquency. Fifties New York quintets like the Juveniles and the Teenagers represented the best that rock ’n’ roll had to offer. They grew out of urban gang culture even as they served as an alternative to this violence. By harmonizing with diverse groups, singers differentiated themselves from gang members. They offered an urban vision premised not on racialized struggle but on integrated collaboration. They served as cultural mediators who challenged racist assumptions that tied delinquency to nonwhite inner-city youths.
Impact of Parameter Predictability and Joint Modeling of Response Accuracy and Response Time on Ability Estimates
Authors: Pezeshki Maryam , Embretson Susan
Published: February 2025

To maintain test quality, a large supply of items is typically desired. Automatic item generation can result in a reduction in cost and labor, especially if the generated items have predictable item parameters and thus possibly reducing or eliminating the need for empirical tryout. However, the effect of different levels of item parameter predictability on the accuracy of trait estimation using item response theory models is unclear. If predictability is lower, adding response time as a collateral source of information may mitigate the effect on trait estimation accuracy. The present study investigates the impact of varying item parameter predictability on trait estimation accuracy, along with the impact of adding response time as a collateral source of information. Results indicated that trait estimation accuracy using item family model-based item parameters differed only slightly from using known item parameters. Somewhat larger trait estimation errors resulted from using cognitive complexity features to predict item parameters. Further, adding response times to the model resulted in more accurate trait estimation for tests with lower item difficulty levels (e.g., achievement tests). Implications for item generation and response processes aspect of validity are discussed.
Adopting artificial intelligence for health information literacy: A literature review
Authors: Dzangare Godwin , Gulu Thabo Ayibongwe
Published: February 2025

Purpose – Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly becoming a popular source of information, including health information. It is essential to explore the adoption of AI to achieve Health Information Literacy (HIL) and ensure that users maximise the adoption of AI to use health information. This study explores AI's adoption and use in advancing HIL. It identifies gaps, concerns, and challenges and suggests areas where AI's use could be improved.

Approach – The retrieved papers were initially assessed based on title and abstract to inclusion criteria. The full text of relevant papers was verified following the exclusion criteria. Additionally, a comprehensive assessment of the reference lists of the included papers was performed. Information was extracted from the selected articles, and a bibliometric and thematic analysis was applied for thorough examination.

Methodology – Key details about the retrieved articles, including author, publication year, study type, purpose, and key findings, were collected using a standardised format. As themes emerged, information from the publications was extracted to address the main research questions. All articles reviewed were in English and published between 2019 and 2024.

Findings – The growing adoption of AI for HIL can be accounted for by a growth of 128.13% in publications. However, concerns must be addressed as continuous AI use is guaranteed.

Originality – This study is likely the first to assess the current use of AI for HIL. The findings from the study will provide a clear landscape for investing, identifying research partners, and providing AI use in HIL and the research gap.
Effects of auditory processing, memory, and experience on early and later stages of second language speech learning
Authors: Bakkouche Linda , Saito Kazuya
Published: February 2025

The current study aimed to explore how individual differences in lower-order perceptual abilities (auditory processing) and higher-order cognitive abilities (declarative and procedural memory) could be linked to various dimensions of second language (L2) speech production (segmentals, prosody, fluency, and lexicogrammar) in a group of 47 late Spanish–English bilinguals with varying levels of L2 proficiency and immersion experience. The statistical analyses revealed several key findings: (1) auditory processing showed significant correlations with L2 speech proficiency, particularly among learners with short-to-mid immersion experience (length of residence [LOR] = 1–5 years); (2) a robust triangular relationship ( r = .7–.8) was observed between procedural memory, the duration of immersion experience, and L2 speech outcomes across the entire participant group (LOR = 1–20 years); and (3) declarative memory did not exhibit any significant associations with the factors related to experience and proficiency. Based on these results, it is tentatively suggested that auditory processing abilities may support the development of L2 speech in the initial stages of immersion (LOR = 1–5 years), while procedural memory skills may play a crucial role in achieving high-level L2 speech proficiency, as individuals have more opportunities to practice L2 pronunciation through active usage during an extended stay in a country where the L2 is spoken.
Acute psilocybin and ketanserin effects on cerebral blood flow: 5-HT2AR neuromodulation in healthy humans
Authors: Larsen Kristian , Lindberg Ulrich , Ozenne Brice , McCulloch Drummond E , Armand Sophia , Madsen Martin K , Johansen Annette , Stenbæk Dea S , Knudsen Gitte M , Fisher Patrick M
Published: February 2025

Psilocin, the active metabolite of psilocybin, is a psychedelic and agonist at the serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR) that has shown positive therapeutic effects for brain disorders such as depression. To elucidate the brain effects of psilocybin, we directly compared the acute effects of 5-HT2AR agonist (psilocybin) and antagonist (ketanserin) on cerebral blood flow (CBF) using pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a single-blind, cross-over study in 28 healthy participants. We evaluated associations between plasma psilocin level (PPL) or subjective drug intensity (SDI) and CBF. We also evaluated drug effects on internal carotid artery (ICA) diameter using time-of-flight MRI angiography. PPL and SDI were significantly negatively associated with regional and global CBF (∼11.6% at peak drug effect, p < 0.0001). CBF did not significantly change following ketanserin (2.3%, p = 0.35). Psilocybin induced a significantly greater decrease in CBF compared to ketanserin in the parietal cortex (pFWER < 0.0001). ICA diameter was significantly decreased following psilocybin (10.5%, p < 0.0001) but not ketanserin (−0.02%, p = 0.99). Our data support an asymmetric 5-HT2AR modulatory effect on CBF and provide the first in vivo human evidence that psilocybin constricts the ICA, which has important implications for understanding the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying its acute effects.
Teaching structural dynamics in aeronautic engineering: A hands-on approach using frequency response analysis of a quadrotor UAV
Authors: Villalobos-Luna José de Jesús , Ledezma-Ramírez Diego Francisco , Rojo-Rodríguez Edgar Ulises , López-Cruz Pedro
Published: February 2025

This work presents a teaching approach for postgraduate aeronautic engineering students, fo-cusing on the analysis and understanding of structural dynamics in complex, real-world applications rather than simplified models. Using a commercial quadrotor as a case study, students investigate critical issues affecting lateral stability—specifically, abnormal vibrations and unintended sliding during autonomous self-leveling. These stability challenges prompt students to explore whether the issues stem from control limitations or structural deficiencies. Students employ the frequency response function (FRF) through impact hammer testing to characterize the natural frequencies of the quadrotor's arms and propellers, identifying potential resonances caused by the propulsion system. The experimental analysis offers students insights into structural solutions and control system reprogramming to counteract resonance-induced vibrations, improve stability, and enhance autonomous functionality. This hands-on approach allows students to directly apply concepts of structural dynamics to complex aerospace systems, preparing them for advanced prob-lem-solving in real-world engineering environments.
Sources and concentration of DOC, DIC, and POC in the Lianjiang River: A representative karst tributary of the Beijiang River
Authors: Liang Zuobing , Zhang Pengcheng , Li Rui , Wu Qirui , Yang Zaizhi , Tian Di , Li Shaoheng , Ren Kun , Sun Yuchuan , Li Jianhong
Published: February 2025

Isotopic compositions of δ13CDIC, sources and abundance of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), and their response to hydrologic regimes were examined from Lianjiang River stream in rainy (DIC and DOC) and dry seasons (DOC and POC). Lianjiang River was recharged by groundwater in dry season, the abundance of DIC was higher than DOC. Apart from DIC concentrations in dry season, DIC and DOC concentrations, and δ13CDIC showed on spatial variation from upstream to downstream. DIC concentrations in rainy season was higher than those in dry season, while δ13CDIC in dry season was higher than those in rainy season because of increasing contributions from karst groundwater. Carbonate-sourced DIC contributed from 37.1% to 47.8% with an average of 42.6% of the riverine DIC in rainy season, and contributed from 44.6% to 54.5% with an average of 49.9% of the riverine DIC in dry season. Similar carbonate-sourced and soil CO2 sourced DIC to Lianjiang River in dry season also indicates that Lianjiang River was recharged by groundwater in dry season. Total n-alkanes concentrations in POM were higher than those in DOM, and anthropogenic n-alkanes concentrations were higher than those in biogenic n-alkanes concentrations. Algae and floating/submerged aquatic plants were the major biogenic sources POM and DOM, but part sampling sites with DOM source from terrestrial plants, aquatic macrophytes sources. Light petroleum input and incomplete fossil fuel burning at high temperature and heavy oil emission were the major source of DOM and POM in Lianjiang River, but the contribution of incomplete fossil fuel burning or heavy oil emission in POM was higher than those in DOM. The results shed light on the characteristics and dynamics of different carbons in typical karstic river.
AI and labor: Captioning library audiovisual content with Whisper
Authors: Rao Nina , O’Riordan Simon , Coulis Jonathan
Published: February 2025

This paper examines the impact of Whisper, an open-source AI automated speech recognition (ASR) software, on captioning work at Emory Libraries and the staff who conduct the work. Captions are essential for searchability, discoverability, and user accessibility; however, providing captions has typically been challenging due to the resources required. Whisper shows potential for enabling proactive captioning of digitized content but also raises questions about the impact of ASR-generated captions on the staff engaged in this and similar work. With data collected from a grant-funded captioning project and an ongoing oral history program, this paper examines this impact and observes that while Whisper reduces the most labor-intensive phase of captioning, this does not necessarily entail a reduction in staff time, due to changing demand and the ongoing need for human review in providing accurate, high-quality captions and transcripts. Whisper's overall impact may be on transforming human labor rather than replacing it.
Analyzing an automotive drafting task for visual performance
Authors: Squillace Stephen S. , Webster James C.
Published: February 2025

Using a visual task photometer, an automotive drafting task was analyzed to determine its inherent contrast. Evaluation of how well this task could be seen under different illumination systems was achieved using ESI computations
Improved operation of HID lamps
Authors: Lemons Thomas M. , Obolensky Guy
Published: February 2025

Curves of lamp energy and dynamic impedance provide valuable data about HID lamp performance. Results obtained from the FASER ballast indicate elimination of flicker, increased luminous efficacy, reduced peak current, and energy conservation
Projections for Theater and Television
Authors: Tawil Joseph N.
Published: February 2025

Producing patterns for “Bread,” Barry Manilow, and Al Stewart
Television Lighting Today— a Work of Art
Authors: Jankowski Wanda
Published: February 2025

Designers Tony DiGirolamo, Dave Clark and Greg Brunton comment on the lighting designer's response to present-day TV technology and what's in store for the future
Effective Daylighting in Buildings—Part 2
Authors: Selkowitz Stephen
Published: February 2025

Controls, energy savings, peak power, failure tolerance, building form, and quality—all are considerations in designing with daylight
Roadway lighting specifications of the future
Authors: Odle Herbert A.
Published: February 2025

The implications of specifying vertical luminance levels
Mobile laboratory for roadway lighting
Authors: van Bommel Wout J. M.
Published: February 2025

The dynamic measurement of photometric parameters using a laboratory-on-wheels
Streetlighting in a Victorian community
Authors: Oerkvitz Charles A.
Published: February 2025

The effective relighting of the Chestnut Hill section of Philadelphia is the result of successful compromise among the aesthetic, technical and economic concerns of the project
Negative Framing of COVID-19 Information Affects Older Adults’ Memory Function
Authors: Pham Julie Q. , Shumaker Morgan D. , Bowen Holly J.
Published: February 2025

Stereotype threat occurs when negative stereotypes about one’s group increase cognitive load, impairing functioning in line with the stereotype. Cognitive and neurological symptoms of COVID-19 may be salient and worrisome to older adults as these functions are key to independence. We examined whether presenting adverse age-related information about COVID-19 invokes stereotype threat and impacts cognitive performance on a subsequent task. Older adults (59+), recruited online, read either neutral or negative age-related COVID-19 information. Participants then completed a word recognition task. The threat group had significantly worse memory performance compared to the neutral group even after controlling for age and history of COVID-19 diagnosis. Simply reading information about COVID-19 may pose a threat to older adults’ cognitive abilities. Our results highlight the far-reaching effects of the pandemic beyond experiencing symptoms of the disease and how the framing of health-related information can have negative consequences for older adults’ cognition.
New method for diffusion-weighted images denoising based on patch-matching with higher-order singular value decomposition
Authors: Yang Liming , Wang Yuanjun
Published: February 2025

Background

Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is an important technique to study brain microstructure. However, diffusion-weighted (DW) images suffer from severe low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) problem, affecting subsequent diffusion analysis.

Objective

The goal of this paper is to develop advanced DWI denoising technique to effectively reduce noise while improving the accuracy and reliability of subsequent diffusion model fitting and diffusion analysis, thereby facilitating the research and analysis of brain science.

Methods

We propose a new method for denoising DW images based on patch-matching with higher-order singular value decomposition (HOSVD) by combined with the variance-stabilizing transformation technique. It starts with introducing a novel non-local mean algorithm as a prefiltering stage, and then denoises the noisy data using a local HOSVD algorithm based on the HOSVD bases learned from prefiltered images.

Results

Experiments are performed on simulation, HCP and in vivo brain DWI datasets. Results show that the proposed method significantly reduces spatially invariant and variant noise, improving the most reliable diffusion analysis compared with the different denoising methods.

Conclusions

The proposed method achieves state-of-the-art performance which can improve image quality and enable accurate diffusion analysis.
Multi-axis transformer based U-Net with class balanced ensemble model for lung disease classification using X-ray images
Authors: Maruthai Suresh , Thanarajan Tamilvizhi , Ramesh T , Rajendran Surendran
Published: February 2025

Background: Chest X-rays are an essential diagnostic tool for identifying chest disorders because of its high sensitivity in detecting pathological anomalies in the lungs. Classification models based on conventional Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are adversely affected due to their localization bias. Objective: In this paper, a new Multi-Axis Transformer based U-Net with Class Balanced Ensemble (MaxTU-CBE) is proposed to improve multi-label classification performance. Methods: This may be the first attempt to simultaneously integrate the benefits of hierarchical Multi-Axis Transformer into the encoder and decoder of the traditional U-shaped structure for improving the semantic segmentation superiority of lung image. Results: A key element of MaxTU-CBE is the Contextual Fusion Engine (CFE), which uses the self-attention mechanism to efficiently create global interdependence between features of various scales. Also, deep CNN incorporate ensemble learning to address the issue of class unbalanced learning. Conclusions: According to experimental findings, our suggested MaxTU-CBE outperforms the competing BiDLSTM classifier by 1.42% and CBIR-CSNN techniques by 5.2% in multi-label classification performance.
Age and Diet-Related Associations With Acquired Dental Disease in Pet Rabbits
Authors: Pešić Ana , Vejnović Branislav , Mitrović Marko Jumake , Vučićević Miloš
Published: February 2025

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of acquired dental disease (ADD) in pet rabbits, as well as the association between disease development, age, and the feed type. Sixty-two rabbits were divided into 3 groups based on feed type and age. All rabbits underwent general clinical examination, followed by radiographic imaging of the skull and endoscopic examination of the oral cavity. Based on the degree of ADD, the rabbits were then classified into 5 groups, based on the grade of ADD. The results found that 64.52% of rabbits suffered from some degree of ADD. The group of rabbits classified as grade 4 ADD had the highest median age. A positive correlation was found between the grades of ADD and the age of the rabbits. Rabbits fed a different diet type showed various levels of significance when comparing grades 0, 1, and 2 ADD with grade 3 ADD. The data suggests that age and feed type may be a factor affecting the degree of ADD.
Investigation of microstructure, surface and tribological properties of mullite and SiC based ceramic matrix composite fabricated by powder metallurgy
Authors: Choudhary Prasoon , Brar Gurinder Singh , Sharma Varun
Published: February 2025

In the current research, a novel ceramic matrix composite with a high proportion of mullite matrix and SiC reinforcement was fabricated by the powder metallurgy process. The effects of material composition, hydraulic press load, and sintering temperature were investigated by characterizing fabricated composites by evaluating porosity, surface roughness, and tribological behaviour by dry sliding wear testing at room temperature using pin-on-disc apparatus. The multicriteria decision analysis optimization technique using grey relational analysis (GRA) was carried out, and the optimized fabrication parameters were determined. The results obtained from GRA suggested that 20 wt.% SiC reinforcement in 80 wt.% mullite in composite at 430 MPa hydraulic press load and 1400°C sintering temperature resulted in enhanced mechanical properties with porosity, wear, and surface roughness values of 44.80%, 666 µm, and 6.344 µm, respectively. Surface morphology using SEM and XRD/EDS mapping confirmed the presence of wear debris along with the formation of aluminium oxides, cristobalite, and intermetallic dense strengthening phases Al2SiO5, Al4SiO9, and Al6Si2O13, which improve abrasion and thermal resistance. The fabricated composite, with its high porosity, low surface roughness, minimal wear, and high-temperature intermetallic strengthening phases, can be used in journal bearings and thermal protection layers in automobiles and aircrafts.
Migration and environmental sustainability: The mediating role of renewable energy and income
Authors: Olanipekun Ifedolapo Olabisi
Published: February 2025

Concern about climate change has drawn out the numerous influences of human activities on the environment. However, the role of migration in environmental quality has been conspicuously silent in the literature despite the increasing rate of cross-country migration. As the energy transition progresses, it is important to examine the interplay between migration, renewable energy, income, and environmental quality in 33 advanced countries using the latest dataset. With data from 2010 to 2023, the study applies the non-additive panel quantile regression to two models with different interaction terms. Results show asymmetric migration impacts on environmental degradation, while the effects of globalization are mostly negative. Renewable energy only reduces environmental degradation at higher levels. However, renewable energy development reduces the impact of migration for most quantiles, while income increases the impact of migration throughout. The study implies that policies might influence how migration will affect the environment. Income-related activities are channels through which migration affects environmental degradation, but clean energy development is a sustainable policy against climate change regardless of population gains. Therefore, dividends of migration can be drawn to increase capacity in green technology through increased green finance, innovations, research, and development, thereby resulting in green economic growth.
Effects of integrated ankle–knee and hip–knee exercises on gait and lower extremity function in individuals with patellofemoral pain syndrome: A 6-week randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lee Min Gyu , Kim Young Hoon , Kim Su Hyun
Published: February 2025

Background

Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) involves complex biomechanical interactions affecting lower extremity function.

Objective

This study investigated the effects of integrated ankle–knee and hip–knee strengthening exercises on gait and lower extremity function in individuals with PFPS.

Methods

In this 6-week randomized controlled trial, 39 adults with PFPS were randomly assigned to the ankle–knee exercise group (AKG), hip–knee exercise group (HKG), or conventional knee exercise group (KG). The primary outcome was gait-related parameters, while secondary outcomes included lower extremity function parameters and the subjective measures of pain and function. Changes in these parameters were assessed and compared across three groups before and after the intervention.

Results

Significant time × group interaction effects on gait speed and the Korean version of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (K-WOMAC) stiffness were observed in the AKG, with post-intervention improvements in gait speed (1.05 ± 0.20 to 1.21 ± 0.19, P = 0.003) and K-WOMAC stiffness (5.63 ± 1.62 to 2.81 ± 1.07, P = 0.01). The AKG showed a significant increase in cadence (103.54 ± 10.42 to 111.61 ± 5.71, P = 0.021), whereas the HKG showed a significant increase in hip flexion angle during a single-leg squat (39.67 ± 4.49 to 41.88 ± 3.17, P = 0.012).

Conclusion

This study supports incorporating joint strengthening exercises beyond the knee joint to address complex biomechanical factors in managing PFPS. Further studies are required to optimize exercise regimens for better therapeutic outcomes.
Student Perspectives on Forensic Accounting in Indian Higher Education
Authors: Chetry Padum , Tiwari Reshma Kumari , Baxi Jyot , Shekar Mylavaram Chandra
Published: February 2025

The rising surge of corruption and financial fraud cases seems to be urging the inclusion of forensic accounting in the educational curriculum, particularly in developing countries. This study examines the current state of forensic accounting education in India and explores its effectiveness through the prism of commerce and management students. It reveals an increasing demand for forensic accounting education because of the increasing fraud cases. Students perceive that forensic accounting professionals are pivotal in preventing and reducing fraud incidents and enhancing financial reporting quality. However, there are several challenges that hinder the expansion of forensic accounting education in India, such as limited awareness, insufficient resources, shortage of trained faculties and perceived scarcity of career opportunities. Further, the underrepresentation of the multidisciplinary nature of forensic accounting and the struggle to balance while integrating theory with practice are additional obstacles. Despite these hurdles, there is a strong interest among students in integrating forensic accounting topics into the existing curriculum.
Identify the cognitive, psychomotor and sensory-perceptual abilities required for the role of pre-hospital emergency medical personnel
Authors: Shabani Mehrane , Heidarimoghadam Rashid , Faradmal Javad , Babamiri Mohammad
Published: February 2025

Background

Job analysis is a crucial process that identifies the skills and abilities needed for optimal job performance, with a focus on improving safety and public health outcomes. The Fleishman Job Analysis System is a useful tool for identifying these necessary skills in pre-hospital emergency care, which is the first point of contact for emergency medical services.

Objective

The purpose of this study identify the cognitive, psychomotor and sensory-perceptual abilities required for the role of pre-hospital emergency medical personnel.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted with pre-hospital emergency medical personnel as participants. Inclusion criteria included a minimum of 5 years of professional experience and voluntary participation. 50 individuals meeting the criteria were randomly selected. Data collection used the Fleishman Job Analysis Survey checklist, consisting of cognitive, psychomotor, and sensory-perceptual requirements rated on a 7-point Likert scale. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS27 software to calculate means, standard deviations, and frequency percentages for the results

Results

The study involved individuals with a mean age of 24.8 years and a standard deviation of 9.33 years.45% were in a marital relationship, 42% held a bachelor's degree, and their work schedule was 24 h of work followed by12 h of rest. Abilities scoring above 6 were considered high demand. In cognitive abilities, problem-solving and verbal articulation were key. Perceptual-affective abilities focused on auditory sensitivity and attention, while psychomotor abilities highlighted reaction time, speed regulation, manual dexterity, and arm coordination as crucial skills

Conclusions

Cognitive processing, motor coordination, and sensory perception are vital for quick and accurate decision making in emergencies. Coordinating these abilities effectively can significantly improve care quality in pre-hospital settings
Distinctions between inclusive and non-inclusive companies for persons with disability: Exploring the impact of COM-B and HRM practices
Authors: Breit Eric , Bråthen Magne , Sadeghi Talieh
Published: February 2025

Background

Scholars have increasingly focused on the role of employers in addressing labour market challenges faced by persons with disability (PWD). While we have gained more knowledge about the motivations, practices and characteristics for hiring PWD, we still lack information on whether these are general organizational features or specific to inclusive companies.

Objective

This study aims to examine the factors that distinguish inclusive from non-inclusive ones, using the COM-B framework (capability, opportunity, motivation) and Human Resource Management (HRM) practices.

Methods

We utilized survey data from a sample of small and medium sized companies (SME) in Norway (N = 1000). We conducted Logistic Regression Estimates (odds ratios) to determine predictive factors of an “inclusive company”.

Results

Inclusive companies scored higher than non-inclusive companies in all dimensions of COM-B and HRM practices. However, only knowledge about work inclusion (capability), availability of resources and positions (opportunity) and the desire to contribute to an inclusive labour market (social motivation) were significant explanatory factors for inclusivity. Among HRM practices, only recruitment showed a significant relationship with inclusivity after considering the COM factors.

Conclusions

This study underscores the importance of utilizing the COM-B framework to understand how companies approach the inclusion of PWD.