bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assembly of SnSe Nanoparticles Confined in Graphene for Enhanced Sodium‐Ion Storage Performance
Authors: Yang Xu , Zhang Rongyu , Chen Nan , Meng Xing , Yang Peilei , Wang Chunzhong , Zhang Yaoqing , Wei Yingjin , Chen Gang , Du Fei
Published: December 2015

Sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) have attracted much interest as a low‐cost and environmentally benign energy storage system, but more attention is justifiably required to address the major technical issues relating to the anode materials to deliver high reversible capacity, superior rate capability, and stable cyclability. A SnSe/reduced graphene oxide (RGO) nanocomposite has been prepared by a facile ball‐milling method, and its structural, morphological, and electrochemical properties have been characterized and compared with those of the bare SnSe material. Although the redox behavior of SnSe remains nearly unchanged upon the incorporation of RGO, its electrochemical performance is significantly enhanced, as reflected by a high specific capacity of 590 mA h g−1 at 0.050 A g−1, a rate capability of 260 mA h g−1 at 10 A g−1, and long‐term stability over 120 cycles. This improvement may be attributed to the high electronic conductivity of RGO, which also serves as a matrix to buffer changes in volume and maintain the mechanical integrity of the electrode during (de)sodiation processes. In view of its excellent Na+ storage performance, this SnSe/RGO nanocomposite has potential as an anode material for SIBs.
ChemInform Abstract: Unusual Thermal Expansion of Sr2IrO4: A Variable Temperature Synchrotron X‐Ray Diffraction Study.
Authors: Ranjbar Ben , Kennedy Brendan J.
Published: December 2015

Polycrystalline Sr2IrO4 is prepared by calcination of a stoichiometric mixture of SrCO3 and Ir in air followed by annealing (1.
ChemInform Abstract: Color‐Tunable Photoluminescence and Energy Transfer Properties of Single‐Phase Ba10(PO4)6O:Eu2+, Mn2+ Phosphors.
Authors: Guo Qingfeng , Liao Libing , Mei Lefu , Liu Haikun
Published: December 2015

Single‐phase Ba10‐x‐y (PO4)6O:xEu2+,yMn2+ phosphors are prepared by solid state reaction of stoichiometric mixtures of BaCO3, NH4H2PO4, Eu2O3, and MnCO3 (alumina crucibles, flowing 10% H2/90% N2, 1200 °C, 5 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Cs7Sm11[TeO3]12Cl16 and Rb7Nd11[TeO3]12Br16, the New Tellurite Halides of the Tetragonal Rb6LiNd11[SeO3]12Cl16 Structure Type.
Authors: Charkin Dmitri O. , Black Cameron , Downie Lewis J. , Sklovsky Dmitry E. , Berdonosov Peter S. , Olenev Andrei V. , Zhou Wuzong , Lightfoot Philip , Dolgikh Valery A.
Published: December 2015

The new title compounds are prepared by a salt flux technique from mixtures of TeO2, LnOX (Ln: Sm, Nd; X: Cl, Br), and MX (M: Rb, Cs) in evacuated silica tubes (850 °C, 150 h, <80% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Polar Transition‐Metal Chalcogenide: Structure and Properties of the New Pseudo‐Hollandite Ba0.5Cr5Se8.
Authors: Lefevre Robin , Berthebaud David , Perez Olivier , Pelloquin Denis , Hebert Sylvie , Gascoin Franck
Published: December 2015

Polycrystalline Ba0.5Cr5Se8 is prepared from a stoichiometric mixture of BaSe, Cr, and Se (alumina boat in sealed silica tube, 873 K, 2 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Iron Borophosphate as a Potential Cathode for Lithium‐ and Sodium‐Ion Batteries.
Authors: Yaghoobnejad Asl Hooman , Stanley Patrick , Ghosh Kartik , Choudhury Amitava
Published: December 2015

Li0.8Fe(H2O)2 [BP2O8]·H2O with a chiral 65 helical channel structure is prepared by hydrothermal reaction of a 15:0.1:0.45 molar solution of FeCl2, H3BO3, and LiOH in conc.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structure and Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution of a Silver‐Linked Hexaniobate Lindqvist Chain.
Authors: Wang Haiying , Liang Zhijie , Liu Qisen , Zhang Dongdi , Wang Jingping
Published: December 2015

Colorless single crystals of the polyoxoniobate K5 [H2AgNb6O19]·11H2O are synthesized by a combination of hydrothermal and diffusional methods from an aqueous mixture of K7HNb6O19, AgNO3, NH3, and HNO3 (autoclave, 160 °C, 22 h; 14% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Cyclopropanation of Conjugated Cyanosulfones Using a Novel Cupreine Organocatalyst: Rapid Access to δ3‐Amino Acids.
Authors: Aitken Lewis S. , Hammond Lisa E. , Sundaram Rajkumar , Shankland Kenneth , Brown Geoffrey D. , Cobb Alexander J. A.
Published: December 2015

The cyclopropanation of cyanosulfones (I) in the presence of a new cupreine catalyst (PQN) gives rise to chiral cyclopropanes (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Prolinamide‐Derived Ionic‐Liquid‐Supported Organocatalyst for Asymmetric Mono‐ and Bis‐Aldol Reactions in the Presence of Water.
Authors: Kucherenko Aleksander S. , Gerasimchuk Vasiliy V. , Lisnyak Vladislav G. , Nelyubina Yulia V. , Zlotin Sergei G.
Published: December 2015

A novel recyclable prolinamide‐derived ionic‐liquid‐supported organocatalyst of asymmetric cross‐aldol reactions in aqueous medium is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Palladium(0)‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Cyclopropane Functionalization: Access to Dihydroquinolones, Dihydroisoquinolones and the BMS‐791325 Ring System.
Authors: Pedroni J. , Saget T. , Donets P. A. , Cramer N.
Published: December 2015

The utility of this method is demonstrated in the enantioselective synthesis of compound (XIX), representing the core structure of hepatitis C virus NS5B replicase inhibitor BMS‐791325.
ChemInform Abstract: Exploitation of the Ugi—Joullie Reaction in the Synthesis of Libraries of Drug‐Like Bicyclic Hydantoins.
Authors: Firth James D. , Zhang Rong , Morgentin Remy , Guilleux Rachel , Kalliokoski Tuomo , Warriner Stuart , Foster Richard , Marsden Stephen P. , Nelson Adam
Published: December 2015

Bicyclic hydantoins are efficiently obtained utilizing a three‐component Ugi—Joullie reaction/cyclization sequence as key complexicity‐generation process using trifluoroacetic acid as synthetic equivalent for chloroformic acid.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of 2,3‐Disubstituted Indoline, Pyrrolidine and Cyclic Ether‐Fused 1,2‐Dihydroquinoline Derivatives Using Alkyne Iminium Ion Cyclization of Vinylogous Carbamates: Switch of Regioselectivity Using an Internal Hydroxy Group as a Nucleophile.
Authors: Gharpure Santosh J. , Prasath V. , Kumar Vinod
Published: December 2015

The trimethylsilyl triflate‐mediated cyclization of alkynes (I) and (IV) leads to trans‐2,3‐disubstituted indolines (II) and pyrrolidines (V), resp., whilst the cyclization of alcohols (VI) and (VIII) gives rise to isochromene‐ and pyran‐fused dihydroquinolines (VII) and (IX), resp., as a result of an intramolecular hydroalkoxylation.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Visible Light Mediated Radical Cyclization of Enol Lactones: A Concise Method for Fluorinated Polycyclic Lactone Scaffolds.
Authors: Qu Chuanhua , Xu Pan , Ma Wujiang , Cheng Yixiang , Zhu Chengjian
Published: December 2015

22 examples
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Activity and Antibacterial Properties of Nanopolymer‐Supported Copper Complex for C—N Coupling Reactions of Amines and Nitrogen‐Containing Heterocycles with Aryl Halides.
Authors: Nasrollahzadeh Mahmoud , Zahraei Ali , Pourbasheer Eslam
Published: December 2015

Efficient N‐arylation of N‐heterocycles and amines with aryl halides is achieved using a novel nanopolystyrene‐anchored Cu(II) tetrazole complex as stable heterogeneous catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: NIS‐Mediated Ring‐Closure/Opening Cascade Reactions of Allylamides: An Expedient Route to Oxazolines.
Authors: Hu Yancheng , Li Xincheng , Wan Boshun
Published: December 2015

N‐allyl‐N‐methylbenzamide as well as N‐benzyl‐ and N‐phenyl‐N‐propargylbenzamides do not give the desired product.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Protection of Secondary Amines as the N‐Phenyltriazenes. Application to Aminoglycoside Antibiotics.
Authors: Sonousi Amr , Crich David
Published: December 2015

The selective protection of secondary amines as N‐phenyltriazenes in the presence of primary amines, which are subsequently transformed into azides, is demonstrated.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Dirhodium(II)‐Catalyzed Cyclopropanations with Trimethylsilylethyl and Trichloroethyl Aryldiazoacetates.
Authors: Negretti Solymar , Cohen Carolyn M. , Chang Jane J. , Guptill David M. , Davies Huw M.L.
Published: December 2015

The optimal catalysts are found for the asymmetric cyclopropanation of trimethylsilylethyl diazoacetates (I) and trichloroethyl diazoacetates (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Regiospecific Intermolecular Aminohydroxylation of Olefins by Photoredox Catalysis.
Authors: Miyazawa Kazuki , Koike Takashi , Akita Munetaka
Published: December 2015

The present photocatalytic system enables regiospecific intermolecular three‐component aminohydroxylation of olefins bearing a wide variety of functionalities.
ChemInform Abstract: Formation of a Carbonyl Group ortho to a Biaryl Structure or a 6H‐Dibenzopyran by a Palladium/Norbornene‐Catalyzed Ordered Reaction Sequence.
Authors: Della Ca' Nicola , Fontana Marco , Xu Di , Cremaschi Mirko , Lucentini Riccardo , Zhou Zhi‐Ming , Catellani Marta , Motti Elena
Published: December 2015

A series of biaryls is synthesized in the presence of a palladium/norbornene catalyst system.
ChemInform Abstract: Photochemical Heck Benzylation of Styrenes Catalyzed by Na[FeCp(CO)2].
Authors: Waldhart Greyson W. , Mankad Neal P.
Published: December 2015

The first Fe‐catalyzed Heck alkylation of alkenes is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel 2‐(Fluoroanilino)‐3‐(2,4‐dinitroanilino) Derivatives of 1,4‐Naphthoquinone.
Authors: Leyva Elisa , Baines Kim M. , Espinosa‐Gonzalez Claudia G. , Lopez Lluvia I. , Magaldi‐Lara Diego A. , Leyva Socorro
Published: December 2015

The strong electron withdrawing nature of the 2,4‐dinitroanilines in substrate (I) allows the displacement of chlorine by weak nucleophilic anilines to give the title products (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Phenanthrene Derivatives by Intramolecular Cyclization Utilizing the [1,2]‐Phospha‐Brook Rearrangement Catalyzed by a Broensted Base.
Authors: Kondoh Azusa , Aoki Takuma , Terada Masahiro
Published: December 2015

Biaryl compounds bearing an α‐ketoester moiety and an alkyne moiety at positions C‐2 and C‐2′, respectively, react with diisopropyl phosphite in the presence of a catalytic amount of phosphazene base P2‐tBu.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Cross‐Coupling of Vinyl Golds with Diazonium Salts under Photoredox and Thermal Conditions.
Authors: Patil Dilip V. , Yun Hokeun , Shin Senghoon
Published: December 2015

In situ generated vinyl gold complexes from tert‐butyl allenoates undergo efficient cross coupling reactions with arenediazonium salts either via a visible‐light photoredox or a thermally induced radical chain pathway.
ChemInform Abstract: Towards a Stereoselective Synthesis of α,α‐Disubstituted Proline Analogues.
Authors: Das Sukant K. , Bhatt Nilay , Mujahid Mohammad , Arvidsson Per I. , Kruger Hendrik G. , Naicker Tricia , Govender Thavendran
Published: December 2015

Asymmetric Michael addition of ketoproline derivative (I) to nitrostyrenes affords the title products with excellent diastereoselectivities and high enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Substrate Scope in the Copper‐Mediated Construction of Bis‐oxindoles via a Double C—H/Ar—H Coupling Process.
Authors: Drouhin Pauline , Hurst Timothy E. , Whitwood Adrian C. , Taylor Richard J.K.
Published: December 2015

The spirocyclic bis‐oxindoles (II) are readily prepared by a copper‐mediated double cyclization of bis‐anilides (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Fe(OTf)3‐Catalyzed Aromatization of Substituted 3‐Methyleneindoline and Benzofuran Derivatives: A Selective Route to C‐3‐Alkylated Indoles and Benzofurans.
Authors: Kundal Sandip , Jalal Swapnadeep , Paul Kartick , Jana Umasish
Published: December 2015

A simple and convenient approach is developed for the selective synthesis of indoles and benzofurans by isomerization of methyleneindolines and ‐dihydrobenzofurans.
ChemInform Abstract: Cationic Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed Direct C‐2 Carboxamidation of Indoles with Isocyanates via C—H Bond Functionalization.
Authors: Xu Jun , Sharma Nandini , Sharma Upendra K. , Li Zhenghua , Song Gonghua , Van der Eycken Erik V.
Published: December 2015

A wide range of indole‐2‐carboxamides is obtained under relatively mild reaction conditions and with broad functional group tolerance using the pyrimidyl group in the substrates as easily installable and removable directing group.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 1,3,4‐Trisubstituted Pyrazoles from α‐(1,3‐Dithian‐2‐yl) Enamine Ketones via [4 + 1] Cyclization.
Authors: Wang Shugang , Li Yongguang , Bi Xihe , Liu Qun
Published: December 2015

This novel protocol, involving copper(II)‐catalyzed oxidative N—N coupling and a non‐oxidative C—N bond formation, provides an alternative to the conventional [3+2] methods.
ChemInform Abstract: Construction of Multifunctionalized Azopyrazoles by Silver‐Catalyzed Cascade Reaction of Diazo Compounds.
Authors: Pandit Rameshwar Prasad , Lee Yong Rok
Published: December 2015

The title azopyrazoles are obtained by reaction of various α‐diazo‐β‐keto esters with arylhydrazines or arylhydrazine hydrochlorides involving a cascade pyrazolone formation, N—H insertion, and oxidation.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes with Chalcones Leading to the Synthesis of Deoxy‐Breslow Intermediates in Their Oxidized Form.
Authors: Bhunia Anup , Thorat Shridhar , Gonnade Rajesh G. , Biju Akkattu T.
Published: December 2015

The tBuOK‐mediated reaction of (E)‐chalcones (I) with NHCs (II) and (V) followed by oxidation with air gives rise to diketones (III) and (VI), resp., whilst the quenching of the reaction mixture with HBF4 instead of exposure to air leads to ketone (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Utility of Nitrogen Extrusion of Azido Complexes for the Synthesis of Nitriles, Benzoxazoles, and Benzisoxazoles.
Authors: Nimnual Phongprapan , Tummatorn Jumreang , Thongsornkleeb Charnsak , Ruchirawat Somsak
Published: December 2015

Azido complexes are in situ generated from aldehydes or ketones in the presence of Tms‐N3 and ZrCl4 or TfOH and lead to various N‐containing compounds by nitrogen extrusion.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Catalyst for Tandem Solvent Free Enantioselective Knoevenagel‐Formal [3 + 3] Cycloaddition and Knoevenagel‐Hetero‐Diels—Alder Reactions.
Authors: Fernandes Sylvia , Rajakannu P. , Bhat Sujata V.
Published: December 2015

Bicyclic and tricyclic pyran derivatives are obtained with enantioselectivity up to 99% in the presence of chiral catalyst LBA under solvent free conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Grinding Synthesis of Pyranopyrazole Analogues and Their Evaluation as Antimicrobial Agents.
Authors: Shukla Paritosh , Sharma Ashok , Pallavi Badvel , Jha Prabhat Nath , Prakash Singh Rajnish
Published: December 2015

21 Title compounds are prepared and screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activities.
ChemInform Abstract: Design, Preparation and Characterization of a New Ionic Liquid, 1,3‐Disulfonic Acid Benzimidazolium Chloride, as an Efficient and Recyclable Catalyst for the Synthesis of Tetrahydropyridine under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Abbasi Mohsen
Published: December 2015

The newly synthesized ionic liquid 1,3‐disulfonic acid benzimidazolium chloride (DSBI) is used as catalyst for the preparation of tetrahydropyridine derivatives of type (IV) by a three‐component one‐pot condensation of aromatic aldehydes, anilines and ethyl acetoacetate.
ChemInform Abstract: Base Mediated Regioselective Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Conjugated Enones.
Authors: Singh Surjeet , Panwar Rahul , Althagafi Ismail , Sharma Vashundhara , Chaudhary Sandeep , Pratap Ramendra
Published: December 2015

Ring opening of 2‐pyranone derivatives by benzyl cyanide followed by decarboxylation and regioselective oxidative decyanation affords conjugated enones.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Three‐Component Synthesis of Hantzsch 1,4‐Dihydropyridines Promoted by Dimethyl Phosphate Ionic Liquids.
Authors: Priede Elina , Zicmanis Andris
Published: December 2015

An unprecedented, convenient synthesis of a variety of 1,4‐dihydropyridine derivatives is described using ionic ligands possessing a (Me‐O)2PO2‐ counterion as promoter.
ChemInform Abstract: 2,4,6‐Trichloro‐1,3,5‐triazine and N,N′‐Dimethylformamide as an Effective Vilsmeier—Haack Reagent for the Synthesis of 2‐Chloro‐3‐formyl Quinolines from Acetanilides.
Authors: Venkanna P. , Rajanna K. C. , Satish Kumar M. , Bismillah Ansari Mohd. , Moazzam Ali M.
Published: December 2015

A preformed 2,4,6‐trichloro‐1,3,5‐triazine/dimethylformamide adduct reacts with acetanilines under sonication at room temperature to form quinoline derivatives in short reaction times.
ChemInform Abstract: A Telescoped Protocol for the Synthesis of New Pyrrolo[3,4‐d]pyridazinones by Cascade Reactions.
Authors: Bonacorso Helio G. , Libero Francieli M. , Dal Forno Gean M. , Pittaluga Everton P. , Porte Liliane M. F. , Martins Marcos A. P. , Zanatta Nilo
Published: December 2015

The convenient two‐step one‐pot methodology involves the in‐situ formation of pyrroles from vinyl azides and diketone (II) followed by hydrazine addition/intramolecular cyclization to afford pyrrolepyridazinones.
ChemInform Abstract: Unusual Reactions of 6‐Amino‐1,3‐dimethyluracil with Some Aliphatic Aldehydes.
Authors: Azev Yurii A. , Ermakova Ol'ga S. , Gibor Alexey M. , Ezhikova Marina A. , Kodess Mikhail I. , Berseneva Vera S.
Published: December 2015

The reaction of 6‐amino‐1,3‐dimethyluracil (I) with aliphatic aldehydes (II) in formic acid yields two products (IV) and (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Fe3O4 Nano‐Particles Supported on Cellulose as an Efficient Catalyst for the Synthesis of Pyrimido[4,5‐b]quinolines in Water.
Authors: Edjlali Laden , Khanamiri Rahim Hosseinzdeh , Abolhasani Jafar
Published: December 2015

The employed catalyst can be easily recovered and reused for 5 cycles without significant decrease in activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Modular Access to Substituted Azocanes via a Rhodium‐Catalyzed Cycloaddition—Fragmentation Strategy.
Authors: Shaw Megan H. , Croft Rosemary A. , Whittingham William G. , Bower John F.
Published: December 2015

Starting from N‐cyclopropyl substituted acrylamides the title reaction is performed under CO atmosphere while tolerating substituents in the 1‐position, but not in the 2‐position of the acrylate moiety.
ChemInform Abstract: Glycopentosides D—F, Three New Phenolic Glycosides from Glycosmis pentaphylla.
Authors: Chen Yu , Tian Er‐Li , Hu Xin , Li Jun , Yang Guang‐Zhong
Published: December 2015

isolation and structural elucidation
ChemInform Abstract: Thapsigargin‐Induced ER Stress Suppressive Compounds from the Mushroom Mycoleptodonoides aitchisonii.
Authors: Choi Jae‐Hoon , Suzuki Tomohiro , Okumura Hiroshi , Nagai Kaoru , Hirai Hirofumi , Kawagishi Hirokazu
Published: December 2015

Two novel compounds (I) and (+)‐(II) are isolated and shown to exhibit protective activity against endoplasmic reticulum stress‐dependent cell death.
ChemInform Abstract: Core—Shell MnSe@Bi2Se3 Fabricated via a Cation Exchange Method as Novel Nanotheranostics for Multimodal Imaging and Synergistic Thermoradiotherapy.
Authors: Song Guosheng , Liang Chao , Gong Hua , Li Meifang , Zheng Xianchuang , Cheng Liang , Yang Kai , Jiang Xiqun , Liu Zhuang
Published: December 2015

MnSe nanoparticles are prepared by injecting an aged Se solution in oleylamine (OLA) into an equimolar solution of MnCl2 in a 1:9 1‐octadecene (ODE)/OLA mixture (300 °C, 30 min).
ChemInform Abstract: Stabilization of Scandium Rich Spinel Ferrite CoFe2‐xScxO4 (x ≤ 1) in Thin Films.
Authors: Lefevre Christophe , Roulland Francois , Thomasson Alexandre , Autissier Emmanuel , Leuvrey Cedric , Barre Sophie , Versini Gilles , Viart Nathalie , Pourroy Genevieve
Published: December 2015

The title films with scandium contents up to x = 1 are deposited on MgO substrates by pulsed laser deposition using CoFe2O4, CoO, and Sc2O3 targets.
ChemInform Abstract: Defect Chemistry and Defect Engineering of TiO2‐Based Semiconductors for Solar Energy Conversion
Authors: Nowotny Janusz , Alim Mohammad Abdul , Bak Tadeusz , Idris Mohammad Asri , Ionescu Mihail , Prince Kathryn , Sahdan Mohd Zainizan , Sopian Kamaruzzaman , Teridi Mohd Asri Mat , Sigmund Wolfgang
Published: December 2015

Review: 55 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Based Nanomaterials: A Platform to Produce Reactive Oxygen Species for Catalyzing Oxidation Reactions
Authors: Long Ran , Huang Hao , Li Yaping , Song Li , Xiong Yujie
Published: December 2015

Review: 124 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in Phosphorescent Pt(II) Complexes Featuring Metallophilic Interactions: Properties and Applications
Authors: Aliprandi Alessandro , Genovese Damiano , Mauro Matteo , De Cola Luisa
Published: December 2015

Review: 104 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclic Enaminones. Part 2. Applications as Versatile Intermediates in Alkaloidsynthesis
Authors: Chattopadhyay Amit Kumar , Hanessian Stephen
Published: December 2015

Review: [100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Insights into Electrochemical Reactions from Ambient Pressure Photoelectron Spectroscopy
Authors: Stoerzinger Kelsey A. , Hong Wesley T. , Crumlin Ethan J. , Bluhm Hendrik , Shao‐Horn Yang
Published: December 2015

Review: 65 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Use of Porcupine Inhibitors to Target Wnt‐Driven Cancers
Authors: Ho Soo Yei , Keller Thomas H.
Published: December 2015

Review: 67 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Materials for Suspension (Semi‐Solid) Electrodes for Energy and Water Technologies
Authors: Hatzell Kelsey B. , Boota Muhammad , Gogotsi Yury
Published: December 2015

Review: 156 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Modelling of Physical, Chemical, and Material Properties of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Kupecki Jakub
Published: December 2015

Review: 45 refs.
Optineurin deficiency in mice is associated with increased sensitivity to Salmonella but does not affect proinflammatory NF‐κB signaling
Authors: Slowicka Karolina , Vereecke Lars , Mc Guire Conor , Sze Mozes , Maelfait Jonathan , Kolpe Annasaheb , Saelens Xavier , Beyaert Rudi , van Loo Geert
Published: December 2015

Optineurin (OPTN) is an evolutionary conserved and ubiquitously expressed ubiquitin‐binding protein that has been implicated in glaucoma, Paget bone disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and other neurodegenerative diseases. From in vitro studies, OPTN was shown to suppress TNF‐induced NF‐κB signaling and virus‐induced IRF signaling, and was identified as an autophagy receptor required for the clearance of cytosolic Salmonella upon infection. To assess the in vivo functions of OPTN in inflammation and infection, we generated OPTN‐deficient mice. OPTN knockout mice are born with normal Mendelian distribution and develop normally without any signs of spontaneous organ abnormality or inflammation. However, no differences in NF‐κB activation could be observed in OPTN knockout mice or fibroblasts derived from these mice upon TNF or LPS treatment. Primary bone marrow‐derived macrophages from OPTN‐deficient mice had slightly impaired IRF signaling and reduced IFN type I production in response to LPS or poly(I,C). Finally, OPTN‐deficient mice were more susceptible to infection with Salmonella, confirming in vivo the importance of OPTN in bacterial clearance.
Desulfination as an Emerging Strat­egy in Palladium‐Catalyzed C–C Coupling Reactions
Authors: Ortgies Dirk H. , Hassanpour Avid , Chen Fei , Woo Simon , Forgione Pat
Published: December 2015

As carbon–carbon bonds are an essential bond type in Nature, reactions that form C–C bonds are of great interest in organic chemistry. Among the most popular C–C bond formation methods with aromatic systems are palladium‐catalyzed coupling reactions, such as the Heck, Suzuki, Negishi and Stille reactions. Even though these methods are efficient, they produce stoichiometric amounts of high molecular weight byproducts, placing them in conflict with the increasingly important ideas of sustainable reactions and green chemistry. In contrast, palladium‐catalyzed desulfinative coupling reactions produce minimal waste; in general, only hydrogen halides or alkali halides are formed as byproducts in addition to SO2 gas, which can potentially be recycled. This microreview provides a brief historic overview on palladium‐catalyzed coupling reactions with organosulfur compounds, with the main focus on the use of sulfinate salts as nucleophilic or electrophilic reaction partners. Various methods to access the sulfinate salts, and the coupling reactions of sulfonyl precursors that proceed through sulfinic acid/salt intermediates generated in situ are also discussed.
IL‐1β induces hypomyelination in the periventricular white matter through inhibition of oligodendrocyte progenitor cell maturation via FYN/MEK/ERK signaling pathway in septic neonatal rats
Authors: Xie Di , Shen Fengcai , He Shaoru , Chen Mengmeng , Han Qianpeng , Fang Ming , Zeng Hongke , Chen Chunbo , Deng Yiyu
Published: December 2015

Neuroinflammation elicited by microglia plays a key role in periventricular white matter (PWM) damage (PWMD) induced by infectious exposure. This study aimed to determine if microglia‐derived interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) would induce hypomyelination through suppression of maturation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) in the developing PWM. Sprague‐Dawley rats (1‐day old) were injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (1 mg/kg) intraperitoneally, following which upregulated expression of IL‐1β and IL‐1 receptor 1 (IL‐1R1) was observed. This was coupled with enhanced apoptosis and suppressed proliferation of OPCs in the PWM. The number of PDGFR‐α and NG2‐positive OPCs was significantly decreased in the PWM at 24 h and 3 days after injection of LPS, whereas it was increased at 14 days and 28 days. The protein expression of Olig1, Olig2, and Nkx2.2 was significantly reduced, and mRNA expression of Tcf4 and Axin2 was upregulated in the developing PWM after LPS injection. The expression of myelin basic protein (MBP) and 2',3'‐cyclic‐nucleotide 3"‐phosphodiesterase (CNPase) was downregulated in the PWM at 14 days and 28 days after LPS injection; this was linked to reduction of the proportion of myelinated axons and thinner myelin sheath as revealed by electron microscopy. Primary cultured OPCs treated with IL‐1β showed the failure of maturation and proliferation. Furthermore, FYN/MEK/ERK signaling pathway was involved in suppression of maturation of primary OPCs induced by IL‐1β administration. Our results suggest that following LPS injection, microglia are activated and produce IL‐1β in the PWM in the neonatal rats. Excess IL‐1β inhibits the maturation of OPCs via suppression of FYN/MEK/ERK phosphorylation thereby leading to axonal hypomyelination. GLIA 2016;64:583–602
The Role of Institutional Research in Institutional Engagement with DQP and Tuning
Authors: Jankowski Natasha A. , Kinzie Jillian
Published: December 2015

This chapter discusses the role of institutional research in DQP and Tuning work. Examples from the field of the myriad ways in which IR has been involved, as well as an exploration of ways in which IR has yet to be involved, are discussed.
The DQP in Practice: A Framework of Dilemmas Facing Institutional Researchers in Community Colleges
Authors: Bath Sandra Fulton
Published: December 2015

Pulling together work on the DQP and Tuning, the author presents four possible frameworks to view engagement with the DQP using the case of transfer and faculty development as examples along with four potential dilemmas IR offices may face when undertaking work with the DQP.
Meeting Your Ghosts
Authors: Roberts Liz
Published: December 2015

This paper reports the perceptions of a group of social work students who undertook an introductory Family Therapy course which had a focus on families of origin.

Perceptions of family of origin changed for 38 family therapy students who responded to pre and post course questionnaires. Their responses support the author's experience of the need to understand the source of emotional reactions arising within the therapist during sessions.
Pindolol: A Review of Its Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, Clinical Uses, and Adverse Effects
Authors: Golightly Larry K.
Published: December 2015

Pindolol is a new noncardioselective beta adrenergic blocking agent with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. In the treatment of mild to moderate hypertension, pindolol provides effective control of blood pressure in a large majority of patients when administered alone or, more commonly, when combined with a thiazide diuretic. Pindolol is approximately as effective as propranolol in the therapy of hypertension, but in some crossover trials central nervous system side effects were more frequent with pindolol. A “ceiling effect” may be observed as dosages are titrated upward above approximately 20 to 30 mg per day, such that further blood pressure reductions may not be achievable. Some patients will exhibit a paradoxical increase in blood pressure with an increase in dosage.

In patients who respond to modest doses of pindolol, twice or even once daily dosing is often adequate. This prolonged duration of hypotensive activity, while not suggested by the kinetics of this or similar drugs, is probably common to most beta blockers.

Investigations in small numbers of patients with angina pectoris have reported variable but generally beneficial results with pindolol.
Vecuronium: A New Nondepolarizing Neuromuscular‐Blocking Agent; Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, Cardiovascular Effects and Use in Special Clinical Situations
Authors: Miller Ronald D.
Published: December 2015

Vecuronium provides additional flexibility to the clinician using neuromuscular‐blocking drugs. Its shorter duration of action, lack of significant cardiovascular effects and lack of dependence on the kidney for elimination provide clinical advantages over, or alternatives to, currently available, nondepolarizing neuromuscular‐blocking drugs.
Ketoconazole; Mechanism of Action, Spectrum of Activity, Pharmacokinetics, Drug Interactions, Adverse Reactions and Therapeutic Use
Authors: Van Tyle Jeanne Hawkins
Published: December 2015

Ketoconazole is a well‐tolerated oral antifungal agent with a broad spectrum of activity in vitro, but in vitro testing has not yet been correlated to in vivo results. In addition, many variables that can alter in vitro test results have been identified. The drug shows effectiveness in the treatment of paracoccidioidomycosis, chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, oral thrush, coccidioidomycosis and histoplasmosis. It was recently approved for use in blastomycosis. It is not yet approved for use in dermatophyte infections, but a large body of literature exists supporting this application. Ketoconazole has several reported drug interactions, including lower bioavailability with cimetidine, accumulation of cyclosporin during concurrent therapy and a possible disulfiram‐like reaction with alcohol. It is highly protein bound to albumin and is extensively metabolized. Dosage adjustment is not required in renal failure. The main side effects are gastrointestinal and occur in 5–10% of the patients. Rare side effects include gynecomastia and hepatotoxicity. The latter is reported to occur in 1 of 12,000 patients. Ketoconazole impairs testosterone synthesis, and therefore it is recommended that administration more than once daily be avoided in men. The usual dosage is 200–400 mg administered once daily. Few comparative or controlled studies have been published thus far. How it compares to amphotericin B is not known. The optimum dosage and the optimum duration of therapy are not established.
The Analgesic Efficacy of Suprofen in Periodontal and Oral Surgical Pain
Authors: Cooper Stephen A. , Wagenberg Barry , Zissu Jeffrey , Kruger Gustav O. , Reynolds Donald C. , Gallegos Leander T. , Allwein John B , Desjardins Paul J. , Friedmann Nadav , Danna Robert P.
Published: December 2015

Suprofen is a new, orally effective nonsteroidal antiinflammatory analgesic of the propionic acid chemical class. Three separate single‐dose studies were performed to evaluate the efficacy of suprofen in acute pain associated with periodontal surgery and removal of impacted third molars. Study medications were: A — suprofen 200 mg, codeine 60 mg, propoxyphene HCl 65 mg, and placebo; B — suprofen 400 mg and 200 mg, aspirin 650 mg, and placebo; C — suprofen 400 mg and 200 mg, aspirin 650 mg with codeine 60 mg, aspirin 650 mg alone, and placebo. Analgesic and side effect data were collected over a 6‐hour period after patients medicated for moderate to severe pain. All studies were randomized, double‐blinded, and parallel‐group in design. Suprofen was significantly more effective than codeine 60 mg, propoxyphene HCl 65 mg, and aspirin 650 mg. Suprofen 400 mg appeared to be clinically more effective than the aspirin‐codeine combination and the difference was statistically significant for most of the analgesic variables. Of the 224 patients who received suprofen in the 3 studies, 16 reported drowsiness and 1 reported constipation.
Review of the Multicenter Trial Committee Report: A Prospective, Randomized Study on the Prophylaxis of Postoperative Deep Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Comerota Anthony J.
Published: December 2015

The etiology of postoperative deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is thought to be due to a combination of factors including stasis, a hypercoagulable state and venous endothelial damage. Methods of prophylaxis are directed toward correcting one or more of these pathologic events. Methods counteracting more than one of these factors can be expected to be even more effective. The combination of dihydroergotamine (DHE) and heparin was anticipated to minimize stasis and the hypercoagulable state respectively. Based upon current experimental evidence and current theory, an additional benefit might include minimizing venous endothelial injury by controlling venomotor tone. A prospective, randomized, double‐blind, multicenter trial was designed and performed in the United States evaluating the prophylactic efficacy of DHE 0.5 mg plus heparin 5000 U, DHE 0.5 mg plus heparin 2500 U, heparin 5000 U, and DHE 0.5 mg versus placebo. General surgical patients including those undergoing noncardiac thoracic and pelvic operations who were identified at moderate to high risk for postop DVT were included. Study medications were injected subcutaneously two hours preoperatively and every 12 hours postoperatively for 5–7 days or until the 125I‐fibrinogen‐uptake test (RFUT) became positive. Eight hundred and eighty eight patients were entered into this trial and 744 (85%) completed the study. Results showed a statistically significant benefit from DHE/Hep 5000 compared to placebo (p < 0.01) and compared to other active agents (p < 0.05). None of the other active agents showed a statistically significant prophylactic benefit. This was most likely due to sample size. Intraoperative blood loss, postoperative blood loss, and the amount of blood replaced were monitored and were similar for all treatment groups and placebo. There was no significant difference in incidence of wound hematomas or injection site hematomas. The side effects were similar throughout all treatment groups and placebo. Ths US Multi‐center Trial suggests that general surgical patients who are at high risk for developing postoperative DVT can be offered safe and effective prophylaxis with the combination of DHE/heparin 5000.
The Effect of Intracoronary Lidocaine Infusion on Acetylstrophanthidin‐Induced Ventricular Arrhythmia in Dogs
Authors: Tordjman Therese , Lampert Steven , Lown Bernard
Published: December 2015

Antiarrhythmic drugs frequently cause extracardiac side effects that limit their use. If intracoronary delivery of a lower dose of drug to an electrically unstable focus can control arrhythmias, systemic adverse effects of these agents might be avoided. We investigated whether intracoronary lidocaine can suppress ventricular arrhythmia induced by acetylstrophanthidin, a rapidly acting digitalislike agent. We isolated and then cannulated either the left anterior descending or the left circumflex coronary artery in 12 pentobarbital‐anesthetized dogs. Sustained ventricular tachycardia that persisted for 11.4 ± 8.6 minutes was reliably induced by the intracoronary infusion. In all of 24 trials, an intracoronary lidocaine bolus at 2% of the usual systemic dose (0.77 mg/30 sec) abolished digitalis‐induced ventricular tachycardia for an average of 2.0 ± 1.8 minutes. This effect was not observed after a saline bolus. We conclude that an intracoronary bolus of low‐dose lidocaine can suppress acetylstrophanthidin‐induced ventricular arrhythmia.
Simulation of Vancomycin Peak and Trough Concentrations Using Five Dosing Methods in 37 Patients
Authors: Zokufa Humphrey Z. , Rodvold Keith A. , Blum Robert A. , Riff Louise J. , Fischer James H. , Crossley Kent B. , Rotschafer John C.
Published: December 2015

Five methods of dosing vancomycin (Matzke, Moellering, Nielsen, Lake‐Peterson, and manufacturer's) were simulated in 37 patients. Ten serum samples were obtained after a 1–hour intravenous infusion of 6.2–20 mg/kg total body weight. A preinfusion serum sample was obtained from patients not studied on the first dose. Initial estimates of pharmacokinetic values were made using nonlinear iterative least squares regression and serum concentration‐time data. These data were fitted to a two‐compartment, open‐infusion model. Simulations of the peak and trough serum concentrations at steady state for each patient were determined by multiple‐dose simulated pharmacokinetics and each patient's pharmacokinetic values using the regimen suggested by each of the five methods. Steady‐state serum concentrations, predicted systemic clearance by each method (except Lake‐Peterson), and the daily dose for each patient recommended by each method were determined. All the methods underpredicted actual drug clearance, with the Nielsen method having the lowest prediction. The Matzke method recommended the largest dosage. Using each of the methods, only 3–16% of patients would have achieved recommended peak and trough serum concentrations. In the simulation model used, no method performed satisfactorily in attaining the desired vancomycin peak and trough concentrations. We suggest that the Lake‐Peterson method could be used initially, provided that monitoring is also performed to adjust the dosage regimen further.
Lack of Ocular Changes with Dimethyl Sulfoxide Therapy of Scleroderma
Authors: Shirley Hoke H. , Lundergan Maureen K. , Williams H. James , Spruance Spotswood L.
Published: December 2015

Eighty‐four patients with scleroderma hand ulcers were treated 3 times daily for 3 months in a randomized, double‐blind clinical trial by immersing their hands into bags of topical 70% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), topical 2% DMSO, or 0.85% normal saline. Fifty‐five of the patients completed the study, 46 of whom received blinded initial (0 days) and final (12 weeks) full ophthalmologic examinations. This evaluation included past ocular history, past drug history, family ocular history, pupillary examination, cycloplegic refraction, motility study, applanation tension, indirect dilated funduscopic examination, and slit‐lamp examination. No statistical difference in these ocular variables, including visual acuity, lenticular changes, and cataract development, were noted among the three groups, and in no patients were the DMSO‐related lenticular changes reported in numerous animal studies found. The maximum theoretical dosage of DMSO administered was 2.6 g/kg/day, which is comparable to those used in the animal studies.
Comparison of Glycerol and a Zwitter Ion Buffer System as Cryoprotective Media for Human Spermatozoa
Authors: JEYENDRAN RAJASINGAM S. , VAN DER VEN HANS H. , KENNEDY W. , PEREZ–PELAEZ MARIANO , ZANEVELD LOURENS J. D.
Published: December 2015

This study compared the cryoprotective effect of glycerol with that of a zwitter ion buffer system (TESTCY). Spermatozoa that are cryopreserved in the presence of glycerol possess a somewhat higher progressive motility immediately after thawing than those preserved in the presence of TESTCY. However, after a 1‐hour incubation in glycerol‐free medium, the progressive motilities of the glycerol‐ and TESTCY‐treated spermatozoa become essentially identical. After 2 hours in culture medium, TESTCY‐treated spermatozoa possess a higher motility than glycerol‐treated spermatozoa, indicating that TESTCY is a better preservative than glycerol for the long‐term motility of human spermatozoa. The fertilizing potential of the cryopreserved spermatozoa was assessed by their ability to penetrate zona‐free hamster oocytes in vitro. Spermatozoa that are cryopreserved in the presence of TESTCY produce three‐ to four‐fold higher penetration rates than glycerol‐treated, cryopreserved spermatozoa. Cryopreservation in the presence of TESTCY also results in a higher stability of the acrosin/proacrosin system than when the spermatozoa are preserved in glycerol, since about two‐ to three‐fold higher levels of proacrosin are retained. These results indicate that TESTCY is a better cryopreservative for human spermatozoa than glycerol.
Do Endocrines Play an Etiological Role in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Sexual Dysfunctions?
Authors: FICHER MIGUEL , ZUCKERMAN MARVIN , FISHKIN RALPH E. , GOLDMAN ARLENE , NEEB MICHAEL , FINK PAUL J. , COHEN STANLEY N. , JACOBS JOSEPH A. , WEISBERG MARTIN
Published: December 2015

Sexually dysfunctional diabetic and nondiabetic males were compared with a group of normal controls using different endocrinological, psychophysiological, and psychological parameters. One hundred male subjects participated in this study: 47 diabetics with sexual dysfunction (DD), 31 nondiabetics with sexual dysfunction (NDD), and 22 normal controls (C). They were evaluated by an internist (physical examination and medical history), a psychologist (psychological and sexual functioning tests), a psychiatrist (psychiatric history and mental status examination), a urologist (genitourinary physical examination), and an endocrine biochemist (evaluation of endocrine factors). Additionally, subjects were evaluated for nocturnal penile tumescence (NPT) during three nights in the sleep laboratory to obtain a differential diagnosis of impotence, that is, psychogenic vs. organic.

Both sexually dysfunctional groups showed significant differences on several measures in the psychological and psychophysiological evaluations. There were also significant differences between these two groups and the control group. Plasma levels of total testosterone and serum levels of prolactin, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) showed no significant differences among the three groups, but there were some significant correlations between the endocrine and psychological measures. No significant correlations were found between the endocrine and psychophysiological measures.
The Hormonal Regulation of Premeiotic Steps of Spermatogenesis in the Newborn Rat
Authors: ALMIRÓN ISABEL , DOMENÉ HORACIO , CHEMES HÉCTOR E.
Published: December 2015

The effect of high doses of testosterone propionate (TP) on the development of the first spermatogenic wave was systematically analyzed to determine the period of maximal susceptibility to testosterone. Two mg of TP were administered daily to groups of immature male rats, starting from birth, or days 5, 10, 15, and 20 until day 35 of life. Animals injected from birth or day 5 showed severe testicular atrophy, with reductions of more than 70% of testicular weight, diminished tubular diameters, and spermatogenic arrest during the meiotic prophase. Groups treated from days 10 or 15 showed increasing testicular weights with qualitatively normal spermatogenesis. When treatment started at 20 days, completely normal testicular development was achieved. To test the responsiveness of the neonatal hypothalamo‐pituitary axis to TP administration, groups of 5‐day‐old male rats received daily injections of TP, and plasma FSH was determined at ten, 20, and 35 days. FSH levels were not detectable at ten and 20 days, and extremely depressed at 35. A group of 5‐day‐old male rats was injected simultaneously with 2 mg of TP and 14 IU of FSH (human menopausal gonadotropin: 71 IU of FSH and 80 IU of LH/ml) until day 35. Testicular weights and tubular diameters were increased compared to controls, and spermatid differentiation had proceeded to more mature steps than those seen in control animals. Inhibition of testicular development by neonatal TP administration was paralleled by a sharp decrease in circulating FSH levels and reversed by FSH replacement. We show here that a “critical period” of maximal susceptibility to TP administration and FSH deprivation exists during the first ten days of life, and that testosterone (T) is unable to stimulate spermatogenesis at that age.
Control of Metastases in the Nb Rat Prostatic Adenocarcinoma Model
Authors: DRAGO JOSEPH R. , MURRAY CHERYL
Published: December 2015

Chemotherapeutic agents, as well as acetyl‐salicylic acid, heparin, and indocin, were evaluated in regard to their effect on the rate of metastasis in the androgen‐insensitive Noble rat prostate andenocarcinoma system. Acetyl salicylic acid, heparin and indocin were similar to the chemotherapeutic agents cyclophosphamide and adriamycin in reducing the incidence of metastases, but had less effect on tumor volume. In the heparin and indocin groups, the rate of metastases was approximately one half that of the control group (25% vs. 59%). In all three experiments evaluating heparin and indocin, there was a decrease in the number of animals with metastasis compared with control groups.
Role of the Pineal in the Alteration of Hamster Sertoli Cell Responsiveness to FSH during Testicular Regression
Authors: HEINDEL JERROLD J. , JACKSON FRED L. , BERKOWITZ ALBERT S.
Published: December 2015

Testicular regression was induced in adult hamsters by optic enucleation, short photoperiod, or melatonin injections. The melatonin injected group, while undergoing testicular regression, showed a quite different time course from the optic enucleated and short photoperiod groups. All three methods resulted in the restoration of Sertoli cell responsiveness to FSH in vitro from the adult level to that of Sertoli cells from immature hamsters 18–20 days of age. The melatonin injected group showed a shift in testis weight which resulted in a half maximal restoration of Sertoli cell responsiveness to FSH compared to the other groups. This restoration of Sertoli cell responsiveness to FSH was blocked by pinealectomy. These data indicate that the pineal has a specific (but not necessarily direct) effect on Sertoli cell function. In addition, the effect of melatonin injections is qualitatively but not quantitatively similar to optic enucleation and short photoperiod both with regard to testicular regression and alteration of Sertoli cell response.