bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Process-based and Observation-constrained SOA Simulations in China: The Role of Semivolatile and Intermediate-Volatility Organic Compounds and OH Levels
Authors: Miao Ruqian , Chen Qi , Shrivastava Manish , Chen Youfan , Zhang Lin , Hu Jianlin , Zheng Yan , Liao Keren
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Organic aerosol (OA) is a major component of tropospheric submicron aerosol that contributes to air pollution and causes adverse effects on human health. Chemical transport models have difficulties to reproduce the variability of OA concentrations in polluted areas, hindering understanding of the OA budget. Herein, we applied both process-based and observation-constrained schemes to simulate OA in GEOS-Chem. Comprehensive data sets of surface OA, OA components, secondary organic aerosol (SOA) precursors, and oxidants were used for model-observation comparisons. In the revised schemes, updates of the emissions, volatility distributions, and SOA yields of semivolatile and intermediate volatility organic compounds (S/IVOCs) were made. These updates are however insufficient to reproduce the SOA concentrations in observations. The addition of nitrous acid sources is an important model modification, which improves the simulation of surface concentrations of hydroxyl radical (OH) in winter in northern China. The increased surface OH concentrations enhance the SOA formation and lead to greater SOA mass concentrations by over 30 %, highlighting the importance of having good OH simulations in air quality models. There is a greater sensitivity of the SOA formation to the oxidant levels in winter than in summer in China. With all the model improvements, both the process-based and observation-constrained SOA schemes can reproduce the observed mass concentrations of SOA and show spatial and seasonal consistency with each other. Our best model simulations suggest that anthropogenic S/IVOCs are the dominant source of SOA in China with a contribution of over 50 %. The residential sector may be the predominant source of S/IVOCs in winter, despite large uncertainty remains in the emissions of IVOCs from the residential sector in northern China. The industry sector is also an important source of IVOCs, especially in summer. More S/IVOC measurements are needed to constrain their emissions.
Phase state of secondary organic aerosol in chamber photo-oxidation of mixed precursors
Authors: Wang Yu , Voliotis Aristeidis , Shao Yunqi , Zong Taomou , Meng Xiangxinyue , Du Mao , Hu Dawei , Chen Ying , Wu Zhijun , Alfarra M. Rami , McFiggans Gordon
Published: July 2021

Abstract. The phase behaviour of aerosol particles plays a profound role in atmospheric physicochemical processes, influencing their physical and optical properties and further impacting climate and air quality. However, understanding of the aerosol phase state is still incomplete, especially that of multicomponent particles which contain inorganic compounds and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) from mixed volatile organic compound (VOC) precursors. We report measurements conducted in the Manchester Aerosol Chamber (MAC) to investigate the aerosol rebounding tendency, measured as the bounce fraction, as a surrogate of the aerosol phase state during SOA formation from photo-oxidation of biogenic (α-pinene and isoprene) and anthropogenic (o-cresol) VOCs and their binary mixtures on deliquescent ammonium sulfate seed. Aerosol phase state is dependent on relative humidity (RH) and chemical composition (key factors determining aerosol water uptake). Liquid (bounce fraction; BF < 0.2) at RH > 80 % and nonliquid behaviour (BF > 0.8) at RH < 30 % were observed, with a liquid-to-nonliquid transition with decreasing RH between 30 % and 80 %. This RH-dependent phase behaviour (RHBF=0.2,0.5,0.8) increased towards a maximum, with an increasing organic–inorganic mass ratio (MRorg/inorg) during SOA formation evolution in all investigated VOC systems. With the use of comparable initial ammonium sulfate seed concentration, the SOA production rate of the VOC systems determines the MRorg/inorg and, consequently, the change in the phase behaviour. Although less important than RH and MRorg/inorg, the SOA composition plays a second-order role, with differences in the liquid-to-nonliquid transition at moderate MRorg/inorg of ∼1 observed between biogenic-only
(anthropogenic-free) and anthropogenic-containing VOC systems. Considering the combining role of the RH and chemical composition in aerosol phase state, the BF decreased monotonically with increasing hygroscopic growth factor (GF), and the BF was ∼0 when GF was larger than 1.15. The real atmospheric consequences of our results are that any processes changing ambient RH or MRorg/inorg (aerosol liquid water) will influence their phase state. Where abundant anthropogenic VOCs contribute to SOA, compositional changes in SOA may influence phase behaviour at moderate organic mass fraction (∼50 %) compared with purely biogenic SOA. Further studies are needed on more complex and realistic atmospheric mixtures.
A EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL E GESTÃO EFICIENTE DAS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DE RESÍDUOS MUNICIPAIS: OS EXEMPLOS DE SALVADOR E FLORIANÓPOLIS
Authors:   Universidade Salvador, dos Santos Guimarães Souza Maria Isabelle , Nunes de Oliveira Josiene ,   Universidade Salvador
Published: July 2021

A problemática do gerenciamento de resíduos tem sido pauta nas políticas públicas nacionais e internacionais durante muito tempo. No entanto, atualmente, as questões ambientais ligadas a esta seara se tornaram temáticas obrigatórias na agenda mundial, especialmente pela urgência de resultados eficazes. Nesse patamar, a Agenda 2030 para o desenvolvimento sustentável surgiu como uma aliada na busca por tais mudanças. Trata-se de um plano de ação adotado na Assembleia da Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) em 2015, oportunidade em que foram apresentados os resultados alcançados até aquele momento, bem como instituídas metas que devem ser alcançadas até o ano de 2030. Por esse motivo, os 17 objetivos do desenvolvimento sustentável (ODS) foram criados como uma forma de auxiliar os países participantes da referida agenda em busca de alcançar as metas já estabelecidas anteriormente.
ELEMENTOS SOBRE UMA TEORIA PROCESSUAL DA AMPLA DEFESA
Authors: Rodrigues da Cruz Clenderson
Published: July 2021

É possível perceber um vácuo acadêmico nas pesquisas jurídicas em relação ao princípio constitucional da ampla defesa (art. 5º, LV da Constituição Federal de 1988). Nessa quadra, buscamos no presente artigo incursionar, perfunctoriamente , apresentar elementos essenciais para uma teoria processual da ampla defesa. Neste quadrante, buscou-se no artigo apresentar as bases epistemológicas da ampla defesa, o conceito de ampla defesa no direito democrático e, por fim, apresentar a ampla defesa a partir de uma matriz processual-democrática.
Avaliação da implantação dos núcleos hospitalares de epidemiologia
Authors: Oliveira Adélia Dalva Da Silva , Andrade Jesusmar Ximenes , Guimarães Maria do Socorro Oliveira , Da Silva Telma Maria Evangelista , Mascarenhas Márcio Dênis Medeiros
Published: July 2021

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar a implantação dos Núcleos Hospitalares de Epidemiologia. Método: trata-se de estudo quantitativo, descritivo, avaliativo, do tipo normativo. Realizou-se em nove núcleos hospitalares de Epidemiologia. Obtiveram-se os dados por meio de questionário autoaplicável e formulário. Apresentaram-se os resultados em forma de tabelas. Resultados: agruparam-se os resultados em matriz de julgamento e o somatório dos pontos obtidos determinou a adequação da implantação. Conclusão: constatou-se, pelo estudo, que a implantação dos Núcleos Hospitalares de Epidemiologia, não ocorreu de forma satisfatória. Descritores: Vigilância Epidemiológica; Hospital; Serviços de Saúde; Enfermagem; Epidemiologia; Pesquisa Sobre Serviços de Saúde.ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the implantation of the Hospital Epidemiology Centers. Method: this is a quantitative, descriptive, evaluative, normative study. It was carried out in nine hospital centers of Epidemiology. The data was obtained through a self-administered questionnaire and form. Results were presented in the form of tables. Results: the results were grouped in the trial matrix and the sum of the points obtained determined the adequacy of the implantation. Conclusion: It was verified, by the study, that the implantation of the Hospital Epidemiology Centers, did not occur in a satisfactory way. Descriptors: Epidemiological Surveillance; Hospital; Health services; Nursing; Epidemiology; Health Services Research.RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar la implantación de los Núcleos Hospitalarios de Epidemiología. Método: se trata de estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, evaluativo, del tipo normativo. Se realizó en nueve núcleos hospitalarios de Epidemiología. Se obtuvieron los datos por medio de cuestionario autoaplicable y formulario. Se presentaron los resultados en forma de tablas. Resultados: se agruparon los resultados en matriz de juicio y la suma de los puntos obtenidos determinó la adecuación de la implantación. Conclusión: se constató, por el estudio, que la implantación de los Núcleos Hospitalarios de Epidemiología, no ocurrió de forma satisfactoriaDescriptores: Monitoreo Epidemiológico; Hospital; Servicios de Salud; Enfermería; Epidemiología; Investigación em Servicios de Salud.
CURRENT DIRECTIONS OF WORK OF FUTURE TEACHERS ON THE FORMATION OF READING COMPETENCE
Authors:   Bukhara State University of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Salikhova Zamira
Published: July 2021

Introduction. The article is devoted to the issue of teaching the development of reading competence among students. The article substantiates the need for future specialists to master the skills of various types of reading, since in their work in their specialty they will inevitably have to face the need to use foreign literature. Methods. The authors consider three main types of reading, highlight the conditions that determine the success of teaching various types of reading, the basic skills that underlie them, and also provide a number of exercises aimed at their development. The article is also devoted to the problem of developing reading skills among students with insufficient language training, studying at universities. The types of reading and their functions are affected: viewing, introductory, studying, search. The text is considered as a unit of communication and one of the basic units of the organization of educational material. Results.
MUKHAMMAS GENRE IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE XIX CENTURY AND THE BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURY AND THE PRINCIPLES OF ITS EVOLUTION
Authors:   Samarkand State University of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Kholmakhmatovich Khujaqulov Sirojiddin
Published: July 2021

Introduction. The article discusses the evolution of the mukhammas genre in the national enlightenment and jadid literature, the principles of evolution of this genre, the place of the general literary process in the system of literary genres, its new principles, theme and ideological content, examples of works of jadid and enlightened poets. Traditional and innovative features in comparative typological monograph, analytical-comparative, descriptive and critical aspects are analyzed. Methods. During this period, it is possible to observe literary processes and trends in the form of paradoxical models of poetic norms of classical literature, based on realistic elements in the expression of reality, critical of reality, descriptive and lyrical literature. Analytical and critical motives ensured the emergence of new style works in prose, as found in poetic genres.
TRADITION AND INNOVATION IN USMON KUCHKOR'S POEMS
Authors:   Bukhara State University of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Norova Nasiba
Published: July 2021

Introduction. The article discusses the poetic innovations, formal and stylistic peculiarities in the work of the talented poet Usmon Kuchkor. The poet's “muqarnas” are analyzed. The second half of the twentieth century and the period of independence have a special significance with Uzbek poetry, its charm, new tones and visual features. Methodological and formal research, the renewal of artistic thinking, the human heart and spiritual experiences, the vivid depiction of emotions form the basis of this poetry. In this, the importance of artistic thinking in particular is immeasurable. As the literary critic N. Rakhmonov noted: "The multifaceted and multilayered phenomenon - the concept of artistic thinking is a specific product of philosophical, ethical and political views, manifested in the way of thinking of the artist" [7,4]. Methods.
Some Stylistic Aspects of Oscar Wilde’s Fairy Tales
Authors: Lazviashvili Shorena
Published: July 2021

Nowadays stylistic analysis of prose fiction is quite actual, as with the help of the studies we are able to identify the writing style of a writer and figure out his/her characteristics; also to study the individual traits of writer’s works. On the basis of the stylistic studies, we can find out what stylistic devices or literary terms are used by the author; what makes his works so emotive, expressive and distinctive. Given article deals with the stylistic aspects of one of the famous English poets and writers Oscar Wilde’s fairy tales. For the research we have chosen the “The Happy Prince”, “The Selfish Giant”, “The Nightingale and the Rose”, “The Devoted Friend” . In the given work we tried to investigate and study the characteristic features of his works, the writer’s writing style and language of the tales and those stylistic devices which are used in above mentioned fairy-tales. Based on the research of the fairy-tales revealed that Oscar Wilde’s writing style is really distinctive and impressive as he uses a variety of literary or stylistic devices, that catches a reader’s attention. It should be mentioned that his lingual abilities are limitless and they are characterized by great emotiveness and expressiveness; consequently, he makes a strong impression on readers and makes them feel a part of the story. It is worth mentioning that Oscar Wilde’s fairy tales are based on personification, as there we find a great variety of its examples. There are also used repetition, parallel constructions and metaphors. Wilde, with his individual imagery and metaphorical style, immerses the reader in a sea of emotions, as his fairy tales are distinguished by the strong emotiveness and expressiveness. Those legendary fairy tales can obviously be considered as the greatest gift for readers, as he perfectly builds an emotional connection between the reader and characters.
SISTEM INFORMASI PEMANTAUAN PEMBUATAN POLIS ASURANSI
Authors: Immasari Ito Riris , Prasetyo Aditya
Published: July 2021

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Pembuatan polis di PT Asuransi Adira Dinamika, Tbk, Departement Operational Centre Policy yang berjalan saat ini belum memanfaatkan teknologi informasi secara maksimal. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut maka diperlukan Perancangan Sistem Informasi Pemantauan Pembuatan Polis Asuransi di PT Asuransi Adira Dinamika Tbk Departement Operational Centre Policy dengan menggunakan basis data Mysql. Metode yang digunakan metode pendekatan sistem dan pengembangan sistem sehingga mempermudah pengelolaan data   laporan yang dibutuhkan menjadi lebih cepat, lengkap dan tepat. Metode perancangan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan sistem dengan pemodelan UML (Unfied Modelling Language) dan diimplementasikan dengan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan MySQL sebagai basis data. Sedangkan metode pengembangan perangkat lunat yang digunakan adalah model Waterfall. Adapun saran yang diberikan adalah   merancang sistem informasi order polis baru yang dapat meningkatkan kualitas pengelolaan data lebih akurat dan cepat serta mengadakan perawatan sistem secara rutin
Modern Information Technologies in the Process of Physical Education in Universities of Ukraine
Authors: Kondratenko Viktoria V. , Zaitsev Ihor A. , Nesterenko Alexander M. , Homon Liudmyla V. , Chykolba Gennady N.
Published: July 2021

The relevance of the study is determined by the need to update the methods of teaching physical culture in universities based on information technologies in accordance with the socio-cultural conditions of the present time. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the need to use information technologies in physical education in Ukrainian universities, followed by the development of a conceptual model based on the experience of foreign higher education institutions. The research of the selected problem was conducted in two stages based on systematic and innovative approaches using the method of analysis, synthesis, generalisation, systematisation, and comparison. The paper identified the need to introduce information technologies in the educational process of physical culture in universities based on the research of Ukrainian and foreign authors. The article analysed and compared the practices of using information technologies in physical education classes in universities of European countries, such as Spain, Ireland, Portugal, the Russian Federation, as well as Asian countries, among which are Japan and China. It was found out that the introduction of informatisation tools in the educational process of physical education in Ukrainian universities is accompanied by certain difficulties, and at the same time, the actualisation of the search for solutions to these problems was identified. The main ways of introducing information technologies in physical education classes in leading Ukrainian universities were considered. Based on the experience of Ukrainian and foreign universities, a conceptual model of information technologies usage in the educational process of physical education was developed, which is based on improving individual and collective skills using a universal mobile application and fitness games. The value and prospects of further research lie in creating a universal mobile application and implementing the author's methodology in practice
The Establishment of the System of Foreign Students’ Social and Pedagogical Support in the United States of America (1911-1920)
Authors: Slutskiy Yaroslav S.
Published: July 2021

The study analyses the historical basis of the system of social and pedagogical support of foreign students in the United States. The relevance of the study lies in the importance of modernisation and the regular improvement of adaptive preparatory programmes in the linguistic, psychological, and sociocultural areas. However, this requires the use of the experience of countries with the biggest practice of working with foreign students, namely the United States. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to analyse the organisational structure of the system of social and pedagogical support of foreign students in higher education institutions in the United States at the initial historical stage. The methods of analysis, synthesis, and generalisation were used during the research. Also, for a more effective study of social and pedagogical and infrastructural development of the adaptive training system of foreign students, a method of chronological coordinates was developed. The stage from which it is necessary to begin the study of the history of the system of foreign student support is highlighted, namely the period of 1911-1920, marked as organisational and constitutive. It is revealed that the stage is characterised by the emergence of the primary foundations of the counselling centre for the support of foreign students; the creation of the first structured national associations of foreign students and the adoption of fundamental legislative initiatives that provided the development of the support system. It is substantiated that the process of structuring the support system in the United States should be considered after 1919 (defined by the author as a period of diachronic- synchronous unity) when the Institute of International Education was established. The practical significance of the study lies in the first systematisation of historical material and its presentation as an organisational and constitutive stage. The presented results of the research can be practically applied in the process of preparation of lecture material on the history of social work in the USA and the world; in the framework of public and non-profit organisations
An Influence of Emotional Intelligence of a Psychologist (Teacher) on the Development of Emotional Intelligence of a Teenager with Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Vovchenko Olha A.
Published: July 2021

The relevance of the study is being covered through the changes in modern educational standards and the latest approaches of psychology for special needs to people with intellectual disabilities, the search for new opportunities to improve the training, education, and psychological support of the individual at different age stages, in particular such crisis ones as adolescence. The purpose of the scientific work is to determine the specifics of the mutual influence of emotional intelligence of psychologists (teachers – head teachers, social workers) interacting with adolescent students with intellectual disabilities on the development of emotional intelligence and its components in people of puberty with atypical development (intellectual disorders). The study involved only those teachers who often and closely cooperate with teenagers, in particular, conduct educational and explanatory conversations, psychocorrective classes, psychotherapy sessions, etc. To determine emotional intelligence (both for adults and adolescents), two standardised test methods were used: “Emotional intelligence questionnaire (N. Hall)” and “Emotional intelligence questionnaire “Emin” (D. Lyusin)”. In the course of the study, positive dynamics were established in experimental groups and an increase in the level of emotional intelligence and some of its components in adolescents with intellectual disabilities, who were influenced by psychologists (teachers, social workers) in the form of conversations, psychological correctional classes, and psychotherapy sessions. The reliable links between the components of emotional intelligence of psychologists/ teachers and the level of development of emotional intelligence of adolescents with intellectual disabilities were established and confirmed by the results of statistical analysis. The results obtained make it possible to develop effective psychological support for the adolescents under study, and, if necessary, to carry out supervision of psychologists or conduct psychotherapy sessions with teachers
El arte del retrato conceptual
Authors: Jaquet Chantal , Cherniavsky Axel
Published: July 2021

Hoy en día se suele criticar a la historia de la filosofía y considerar a aquellos que la practican como anticuarios que vuelven una y otra vez sobre las viejas lunas del pasado. Según un movimiento de vaivén histórico, el imperativo “filosofarás en nombre propio” reemplazó el mandato de estudiar la arquitectónica de las grandes obras, en virtud de lo cual ciertos pensadores contemporáneos reinventan las categorías aristotélicas sin siquiera olfatearlo. Entre la ola del todo histórico y la moda del rechazo de las antigüedades, Gilles Deleuze aparece como una figura del olvido iluminado que puede servir de antídoto contra las falsas querellas que desgarran al mundo filosófico actual. Sometido al yugo de la historia de la filosofía, forjó una vía original sin por eso hacer tabla rasa del pasado; revindica compañeros de ruta, amigos y enemigos declarados, que le permiten avanzar hacia su propio pensamiento.
Relaciones estratégicas. Comunicación Internacional
Authors: Avendaño Manelli Carla Fernanda
Published: July 2021

El presente trabajo fue elaborado con el objeto de analizar los componentes simbólicos que los países planifican en pos de su posicionamiento internacional, a través del estudio particular de la Imagen y posterior diseño de la Marca País de Chile. Se han combinado marcos conceptuales de diferentes disciplinas y de diferentes enfoques teóricos. Sin embargo, el trabajo se sustenta con aportes de la Teoría de los Sistemas y de Comunicación Estratégica. Las Relaciones Internacionales, por su especificidad de teorizar sobre la cambiante realidad internacional se han nutrido de otras disciplinas. En este trabajo se intenta denotar la importancia de la Comunicación Estratégica para explicar decisiones de los países en el marco de su inserción en el mundo
Cartografía de una escuela para clases populares
Authors: Fatyass Rociio
Published: July 2021

En este trabajo se cartografiaron las prácticas y representaciones de un grupo de educadoras en una escuela ubicada en un barrio periférico de la ciudad de Villa María, explicando procesos de enclasamientos según trayectorias, procesos de visión y división social, prácticas y dispositivos pedagógicos.
Consumos y lecturas de la prensa gráfica
Authors: Ceballos Claudia Esther
Published: July 2021

El presente libro analiza los procesos de producción de sentido que se generan en el consumo de los mensajes de medios masivos de comunicación, particularmente la significación que se produce en la recepción de la prensa gráfica. Para ello se planteó como problema de investigación establecer cuáles son las modalidades de consumo de la publicación El Diario del Centro del País1 que hacen sus lectores en la ciudad de Villa María en la actualidad; qué significado y sentido le atribuyen a esta práctica; cómo se inserta la lectura de este medio en la vida cotidiana de estos sujetos, y cómo se vincula con otros consumos y prácticas culturales que ellos realizan.
Répartitions spatiale et temporelle des feux à Madagascar
Authors: Hasina Andriamanantena Heninjara Narovana , Rakotondraompiana Solofo , Rakotoniaina Solofoarisoa , Razanaka Samuel
Published: July 2021

Cette publication participe à la compréhension de la dégradation de l’environnement à Madagascar. Spécifiquement, il s’agit d’analyser la distribution spatiale et temporelle des feux à Madagascar et d’identifier les facteurs à l’origine des feux. Les données fournies par le capteur MODIS sur l’ensemble du territoire de Madagascar pour les années 2014 à 2018 sont utilisées. Les résultats obtenus indiquent une certaine stabilité des points de feux actifs observés à Madagascar pendant la période 2014 à 2018, sauf pour l’année 2016, année de forte sécheresse mondiale. Les feux brûlent en moyenne une superficie de 3 757 792 ha par an. La majorité de ces feux est observée pendant la saison sèche et leur maximum en nombre et en superficie est atteint aux mois de septembre et octobre. Au premier abord, les feux couvrent la quasi-totalité du pays. Toutefois, les analyses spatiales et temporelles montrent que les points de feu sont regroupés en agrégats d’ordre 1, 2, 3 ou 4. Les agrégats indiquent les zones où l’on retrouve une concentration de points de feux. Les régions contenant des agrégats d'ordres supérieurs sont les plus exposées. Ce sont des zones auxquelles il est nécessaire d’accorder une attention particulière. Les résultats de l’analyse par permutation spatio-temporelle indiquent que les feux proches dans l’espace le sont aussi dans le temps. La répartition des agrégats par rapport aux pistes et aux villages démontre que les feux se propagent essentiellement à proximité des lieux habités et des voies d’accès.
Efecto de la contracción, la densidad básica y algunas características anatómicas macroscópicas sobre la ondulación de chapas foliadas en corte radial de eucalipto Eucalyptus globulus L
Authors: Ananías Rubén H. , Herrera C. Gerardo
Published: July 2021

Se presenta el estudio de una relación entre las características anatómicas y físicas y el fenómeno de ondulación de la chapa foliada durante el procesamiento de madera de Eucalipto (Eucalyptus globulus L.) Los experimentos se ejecutan sobre madera proveniente de 20 "flitches" seleccionados al azar, la mitad de los cuales presenta ondulación. Todos los "flitches" son evaluados mediante determinaciones de la proporción albura/duramen, la heterogeneidad de los anillos de crecimiento, la inclinación de la fibra del grano, la densidad básica y la contracción de la madera. Un análisis de varianza es utilizado para la comparación de los resultados experimentales. Los resultados indican que la ondulación de la chapa foliada de eucalipto es directamente afectada por la densidad básica y la contracción normal radial de la madera.
Propagación vegetativa de raulí, roble y coihue a partir de estacas
Authors: Santelices M. Rómulo
Published: July 2021

Se estudia la posibilidad de reproducir vegetativamente a través de estacas, las especies del género Nothofagus: N. alpina, raulí; N. obliqua, roble; y N. dombeyi, coihue. Para ello se prueban tres concentraciones de ácido indolbutírico (AIB) en la base las de estacas. Estas fueron colocadas en invierno y se insertaron en camas de arraigamiento, con una temperatura de 21ºC, durante cinco meses. Los resultados indican que las tres especies pueden ser propagadas vegetativamente a partir de estacas, con resultados satisfactorios. Con un 0,5% de AIB se obtuvo el mejor resultado.
Descripción de la metodología para la extracción y medición de tarugos
Authors: Blanco Pávez Roberto
Published: July 2021

Documento que da cuenta de la metodología que se aplicó en el proyecto de investigación del Modelo de Simulación para renovales de roble-raulí, desarrollado por la División Ordenación Forestal e Inventarios del Instituto Forestal. El objetivo de la extracción de tarugos fue determinar el crecimiento de los árboles de roble y raulí, además de lingue y tepa.
Estudio teórico y experimental de vigas de madera de sección transversal compuesta
Authors: Pérez Galaz Vicente A. , Leiva Araneda Luis
Published: July 2021

El presente artículo compara el diseño teórico que presenta la norma chilena NCh 1198 "Madera-construcciones en madera-cálculo" con los datos experimentales obtenidos en el ensayo a flexión de 480 vigas con sección transversal compuesta, confeccionadas con pino radiata aserrado y clavos de fabricación nacional. El objetivo del estudio es verificar si las especificaciones de la norma NCh 1198 respecto a vigas con transversales compuestas son aplicables, con confiabilidad, cuando en su fabricación se usan materiales nacionales. El artículo revisa brevemente la normativa nacional respecto al tema, resume la metodología seguida en la parte experimental y entrega los resultados a través de las medias de los parámetros seleccionados.
Estudio de crecimiento de plantaciones y renovales manejados de especies nativas en el área andina de las provincias de Cautín y Valdivia
Authors: Donoso Hiriart Pablo , Monfil C. Tomás , Otero Durán Luis A. , Barrales M. Luis
Published: July 2021

En comunas al sureste de la provincia del Cautín y al este de la Provincia de Valdivia se estudiaron 11 renovales y 18 plantaciones de especies del género Nothofagus. Estos rodales se caracterizaron en términos de ubicación y posición fisiográfica y de sus principales parámetros. Además se realizó un estudio de crecimiento del diámetro a la altura del pecho (DAP), sobre la base de tres tarugos de individuos dominantes por especie cuya participación en número de árboles por hectárea supera el 20%. Los tarugos además sirvieron para determinar la edad del rodal, considerando que las plantaciones y los renovales estudiados son coetáneos. Se concluye que las especies de Nothofagus estudiadas tienen un gran potencial forestal al producir madera de buena calidad y rápido crecimiento.
Los sistemas agroforestales en Venezuela: una alternativa para la recuperación de áreas con conflictos de uso de la tierra
Authors: Infante C. Angel M.
Published: July 2021

Las actividades agroforestales nacen como una alternativa ante los problemas del manejo adecuado de las tierras en las regiones tropicales del mundo y, por lo tanto, comienzan a incorporarse en la planificación regional. En este apunte se presenta una revisión general acerca de la incorporación de los sistemas agroforestales en las líneas de investigación en Venezuela, como un aporte de soluciones para atenuar los conflictos de uso en algunas regiones representativas del país.
Modelos de crecimiento individual para renovales de roble (Nothofagus obliqua (Mirb) (Oerst) y raulí (Nothofagus alpina (Poepp et Endl))
Authors: Bahamóndez V. Carlos
Published: July 2021

Se presenta un modelo de crecimiento individual en diámetro para renovales de Roble-Raulí. Se utilizan datos provenientes de parcelas permanentes instaladas con este propósito por el Instituto Forestal en el marco del proyecto "Investigación modelos de simulación para renovales de roble-raulí" encargado por la Corporación de Fomento de la Producción. Se calculan dos ecuaciones para la estimación del incremento anual corriente en DAP para roble y raulí, tanto para monte bajo como monte alto. La metodología utilizada comprende el uso del concepto de espacios de estados y el método de estimación corresponde al uso de máxima verosimilitud.
Efecto de la temperatura sobre la humedad de equilibrio en madera de Pinus radiata D. Don
Authors: Niemz Peter , Poblete Wilson Hernán
Published: July 2021

Se trataron probetas de madera de Pinus radiata D.Don (pino insigne) a diferentes temperaturas, entre 20ºC y 200ºC. Estas probetas se climatizaron a 20ºC y con diferentes humedades relativas del aire, entre 40% y 95%. Los resultados demuestran que existe una clara influencia del tratamiento térmico reduciendo la humedad de equilibrio de la madera. Al tratar la madera con 200ºC y 95% de humedad relativa se produce una diferencia en la humedad de equilibrio de 12% con respecto al testigo.
Estabilidad dimensional y humedad de equilibrio en tableros de fibra (MDF) y de partículas
Authors: Niemz Peter , Poblete Wilson Hernán
Published: July 2021

Se determinó la humedad de equilibrio luego del climatizado a diferentes humedades relativas del aire entre 40% y 95% en tableros de partículas y de fibras de densidad media (MDF) fabricados industrialmente. Luego del climatizado se determinaron las variaciones dimensionales longitudinales y en el espesor. Las humedades de equilibrio y las variaciones dimensionales fueron menores en los tableros MDF. Al reacondicionar los tableros se pudo determinar que los del tipo MDF poseen una mayor estabilidad dimensional.
Caracterización ambiental en cuencas abastecedoras de agua para consumo humano en sistemas de alta montaña
Authors: Benedetti Ruiz Susana , Perret Sandra
Published: July 2021

El presente trabajo fue solicitado por la Empresa Metropolitana de Obras Sanitarias S.A. (EMOS) al Instituto Forestal con el fin de determinar acciones de restauración de la vegetación en dos sectores de captación del recurso hídrico, El Canelo y Laguna Negra, zonas de importancia significativa ya que contribuyen al abastecimiento de agua para la población del Gran Santiago. El aporte del recurso hídrico en estas zonas lo constituye la precipitación pluvial y nival, sin embargo el excedente que escurre superficialmente contribuye de modo marcado a generar procesos erosivos o pérdidas de suelo, debido principalmente a que se mueve sobre áreas desnudas, desprovistos de una cubierta vegetal adecuada. Es así que el desarrollo y manejo de ecosistemas en zonas de alta montaña es muy complejo. Se trata de zonas generalmente aisladas, de topografía abrupta, suelos pobres, fuertes vientos, bajas temperaturas y largo período seco. El desafío que representan estos ecosistemas es proporcionarles los elementos necesarios para su desarrollo, protección y recuperación.
Aplicación experimental y operacional de giberelinas para inducir floración en Pino oregón (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco)
Authors: Gutiérrez Caro Braulio
Published: July 2021

Se analiza el efecto de la aplicación de los ácidos giberélicos 4 y 7 (AG4/7) sobre la respuesta floral de injertos de árboles adultos de pino oregón. Se desarrolla una metodología experimental en la que se prueban distintas concentraciones de AG4/7, entre 0 y 1.300mg/L, dos formas de aplicación y la combinación de AG4/7 con uniconazol. El tratamiento de mayor efectividad (AG 4/7 en concentración de 1.000mg/L) se aplica operacionalmente sobre un huerto semillero clonal de pino oregón y se analiza su efecto sobre la producción de flores del huerto.
Development of mallee Eucalyptus as a woody biomass crop in semi-arid Australia = Desarrollo de Eucaliptos Malle para la obtención de biomasa leñosa en zonas semiáridas de Australia
Authors: Mazanec Richard
Published: July 2021

La agricultura en las zonas semiáridas de Australia está encontrando crecientes problemas. Grandes extensiones de terrenos entre los 300 y 600 mm de precipitaciones, conocidas como el "wheatbelt" y en las que se encuentra una parte importante de los suelos arables del país, han sufrido durante los últimos 120 añs el reemplazo de la vegetación natural por cultivos agrícolas anuales. Estos cultivos tienen una menor capacidad de transpiración y también de intercepción directa de las precipitaciones. Gran parte del agua de las lluvias escapa en profundidad del alcance de sus raíces y se produce una gradual acumulación de agua en el subsuelo. Las napas freáticas empiezan a subir y movilizan depósitos salinos, antes estables, hacia la superficie. Se degrada o se pierde de este modo tierra arable, situación que se ve agravada por condiciones de topografía plana y pobre drenaje de los suelos. Actualmente unas 6 millones de hectáreas están afectadas o en riesgo de ser afectadas por esta salinidad en zonas semiáridas y se estima que para el año 2050 el área en serio riesgo puede verse triplicada. Tres cuartas partes del área de riesgo se encuentran en Australia Occidental. La mitigación del problema requiere de importantes cambios en las prácticas agrícolas y las primeras herramientas de menjo disponibles son el uso de drenajes profundos y el establecimiento de cultivos perennes de raíces profundas. Una interesante alternativa para esto es el desarrollo de cultivos extensivos de eucaliptos mallee (especies del género Eucalyptus de carácter más bien arbustivo, de múltiple fuste y buena capacidad de retoñación), para la producción de biomasa para diferentes usos, combinados con cultivos agrícolas o praderas.
Acúmulo e caracterização da serapilheira e fertilidade do solo em coberturas florestais no norte fluminense
Authors: Soares da Silva Miriam Peixoto , Gama-Rodrigues Antônio Carlos da , Barroso Deborah Guerra
Published: July 2021

El objetivo de este estudio es la evaluación de la acumulación de materia orgánica en el suelo bajo distintas cubiertas forestales y su influencia en el mejoramiento de la fertilidad de este. Se evaluó cuatro áreas degradadas, dos de ellas plantadas con especies leguminosas arbóreas (Acacia auriculiformis, acacia y Mimosa caesalpiniifolia, sabiá), una de pasturas y una con regeneración natural nativa. Bajo cada una de estas cubiertas se colectó muestras de suelo a profundidades de 0-5 y 0-10 cm, para caracterización química, y muestras de litter para caracterización química y orgánica (excepto en el área de pasturas). Los componentes de litter fueron en hojas, ramas, estructura reproductiva y material fragmentado.
Wim Wenders’ Wings of Desire: Anticipating Uberveillance
Authors: Michael M. G. , Michael Katina , Bookman Terri
Published: July 2021

This article uses Wim Wenders’ romantic fantasy film Wings of Desire (1987) to contrast the roles of angels with uberveillance. Varying points of view are considered in the surveillance spectrum, demonstrating that while we can artificially fabricate omnipresence, omniscience still belongs to the heavenly realm. Humans will continue to encroach on personal privacy through the latest technological exploits penetrating the human within, while the angels will stand by their limitations acknowledging their role as listeners but not intruders. This article acts as a reminder of the intrinsic worth of human life in synergy with love, beyond the quantification of advanced technologies that seek to decorporealize and propel us to gamify our existence. What is important? It is the human connection; the ability to hold out our hand to another and have it clasped in reciprocity. This will reunify the world faster in compassion than any other technological marvel thrust upon us.
The Correlation Between Parity and Premature Rupture of Membrane (PROM) Incidence
Authors: Wulandari Estiyani , Maydianasari Lenna , Yusnidhar Eva
Published: July 2021

Aim: This research aims to identify the correlation between parity and premature rupture of membrane (PROM) incidence at KIA Sadewa Hospital in 2013. Methods: The research was observational analytic research with a cross-sectional design. The sampling employed total sampling. This research population was all women giving birth at KIA Sadewa Hospital from January to December 2013 who had complete data as many as 2,645 women. The samples used in this study were 2388 women with expected delivery and 257 women who experienced the PROM. The data were secondary data obtained from medical records and then analyzed in univariate and bivariate analysis using a chi-square test with p-value = 0.005. Results: Women giving birth at KIA Sadewa Hospital in 2013 were mostly multipara. The incidence of premature rupture of membrane at KIA Sadewa Hospital in 2013 indicated 9.7% of them experiencing the PROM and 90.3% not experiencing the PROM. Conclusion. There was a correlation between parity and the incidence of premature rupture of membrane at KIA Sadewa Hospital in 2013. There is a correlation between parity with the incidence of premature rupture of membrane at KIA Sadewa Hospital in 2013. Keywords: Parity, Premature Rupture of Membrane
Anxiety Level of Pregnant Mother in Facing Childbirth
Authors: Ningsih Indra Iswari , Nuzuliana Rosmita
Published: July 2021

Background: Pregnancy is a dramatic episode of biological conditions, psychological changes, and adaptation for any woman experiencing it. Aim: Some women may assume that pregnancy is an inevitable nature to pass, while others deem it a determining event between life and death event for a new chapter of life. Some researches reveal the increasing level of anxiety shared by pregnant women at the time of delivery. Methods: This study used an observational analytical method with a cross-sectional approach. The samples were 74 respondents taken using quota sampling. It applied the standard questionnaire for data collection, the HARS questionnaire. The data were then analyzed with bivariate data of Chi-Square. It is revealed that 55.4% of respondents experienced anxiety, which was triggered by several factors, including employment factors (ρ = 0.001), parity (ρ = 0.001), and maternal age factors (0.021). Results: Women facing childbirth in Gamping II Primary Health Center mostly experienced anxiety due to risky age with ρ = 0.002, primigravida with ρ = 0.001. In contrast, the mothers with low education experienced anxiety with ρ = 0.080, and pregnant women with low education experienced ρ = 0.001. Keywords: Anxiety, pregnant women, childbirth
The Use of Application Based on Cellular as an Information Media in Pregnancy
Authors: Selvia Anisya , Ernawati Dwi
Published: July 2021

Background: The maternal mortality rate is still very high. This also happens in other countries in the world. This situation causes anxiety for each country. One of the causes of death in pregnant women is maternal knowledge about health information during pregnancy. The use of cellular-based applications is currently the leading choice in finding information, and the same thing also happens in pregnant women. Pregnant women currently use many cellular-based applications to access information about pregnancy. Aim: To find out how pregnant women use cellular-based applications as a medium of information in pregnancy. Method: Five review stages are used in this review. The five stages include: identifying research questions, identifying relevant studies, choosing studies, mapping data, compiling, summarizing, and reporting the results. Result: A total of 23 publications were included. Thematic analysis is used to identify key concepts. We classify these critical concepts into three themes: Health information in pregnancy based on text messages, the benefits of searching for information using cell phones in pregnancy, and the use of technology as an effort to improve maternal and child health. Keyword: Mobile Health, Antenatal Care, Pregnancy
Effect of Discharge Plan on Quality of Life among Elderly Women Undergoing Uterine Prolapse Surgery
Authors: Fouad Amal I. , El-Sayed Ebied Ebtesam Mo’awad
Published: July 2021

Background: Uterine prolapse is a highly prevalent disorder affecting as many as 50% of women above 60 years. Aim: To evaluate the effect of discharge plan on quality of life among elderly women undergoing uterine prolapse surgery. Methodology: one group pre-posttest quasi experimental design. Setting: gynecological outpatients' clinics. Sampling: A purposive sample of 105 elderly women undergoing uterine prolapse surgery. Tools: 1. structured questionnaire of personal and medical data. 2. A questionnaire to assess knowledge about uterine prolapse surgery. 3. Who Quality Of Life-bref to assess bio-psychosocial and environmental quality of life domains. Results: Showed statistically significant differences between pre & post- test regarding knowledge as well as quality of life domains scores. Conclusion: implementation of the discharge plan resulted in improvement in many quality of life domains. Conclusion: implementing discharge plans for elderly women undergoing uterine prolapse surgery. Keywords: Quality of life, elderly women, prolapsed uterus
Development of learning professionalism assessment battery for medical residents
Authors: Arabshahi Seyed Kamran Soltani , Akbarilakeh Maryam , Kenari Hoorieh Mohammadi , Abdalla Mohamed Elhassan
Published: July 2021

Background: Professionalism is an exit learning outcome of health professions’ curricula. Much work has focused on professionalism teaching and little on the ways assessing it. The main goal was to develop composite assessment instrument as a battery accurately measured several aspects of learning professionalism in medical residents. Methods: The first step in battery development was to decide on the domains to be addressed. Based on the comprehensive review of the literature, a list of domains to assess was developed and identified specific assessment instruments for each domain. Based on the instrument selection criteria, forty one Assessment instruments were selected and developed to comprise the assessment battery. Results: The results are presented in 6 Section tests: duration, cost of each section, administration instruction, and scoring. The time required to complete the entire assessment battery was 100 minutes on average. Conclusions: The resulting battery was developed by selecting a set of validated assessment instruments and combining them into a battery. The assessment battery is easy to administer, easy for residents to complete, and provides a comprehensive assessment of a residents’ learning professionalism for teachers. Keywords: professionalism, learning, assessment, battery, residents