bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Expanding Learning Environment through Mobile Learning
Authors: Purnomo Agus , Kurniawan Bayu , Adi Khofifatu Rohmah
Published: April 2020

Technological developments change the point of view in learning. Learning space is not limited to conventional classrooms in schools. With technology, there is an opportunity to expand the learning environment through the development of mo-bile learning. This research design is the basic development of mobile learning in higher education. The purpose is to produce prototypes of online learning materi-als in physical geography courses. The test results are limited to one class show-ing positive responses from prospective users. Flexibility and ease of access make them able to learn according to the time they want. However, the limitations of this research are only limited to certain science courses, and it needs further development for social science courses.
3D Map of Dry Land Use Based Aerial Image as Learning Media in Era of Education 4.0
Authors: Aristin Nevy Farista , Budijanto Budijanto , Taryana Didik , Ruja I Nyoman
Published: April 2020

Now, this is the era of the industrial revolution 4.0, where technological innovation is developing rapidly so that education also demands to change into the era of education 4.0 immediately. The era of education 4.0, was characterized by the use of technology in the learning process. However, in reality, the learning process still facing many obstacles, one of which in terms of the use of instructional media. Learning media still use conventional and limited to Microsoft PowerPoint software which only contains writings for the presentation of dry land use material. This makes it difficult for students to understand the material presented about dry land. The purpose of this article is to develop innovative learning media with Sugiyono's development method in the form of aerial imagery based 3D dry land maps. In this research, development is still at the product design validation stage. The results of the product design validation of 3D aerial dry land maps based on QGIS were declared to be feasible both materially and media. The results of the validation of the learning material value of 81 and the media readability value of 86. Then the 3D map of dry land-based on aerial imagery with QGIS can be concluded feasible to be used as a learning media in the subject of land resource evaluation.
An In Silico QSAR Model Study Using Electrophilicity as a Possible Descriptor Against T. Brucei
Authors: Pal Ranita , Pal Goutam , Jana Gourhari , Chattaraj Pratim Kumar
Published: April 2020

Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) is a vector-borne sleeping sickness parasitic disease spread through the bite of infected tsetse flies (Glossina genus), which is highly populated in rural Africa. The present study constructed quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models based on quantum chemical electronic descriptors to bring out the extent to which the electronic factor of the selected compounds affects the HAT activity. Theoretical prediction of toxicity (pIC50) of the series of heterocyclic scaffolds consisting 32 pyridyl benzamide derivatives towards HAT is investigated by considering all possible combinations of electrophilicity index (ω) and the square of electrophilicity index (ω2) as descriptors in the studied models along with other descriptors previously used by Masand et al. A multiple linear regression (MLR) analysis is conducted to develop the models. Further, in order to obtain the variable selection on the overall data set having diverse functional groups, the analysis using sum of ranking differences methodology with ties is carried out.
Role of V-ATPase a3-Subunit in Mouse CTL Function
Authors: Chitirala Praneeth , Ravichandran Keerthana , Schirra Claudia , Chang Hsin-Fang , Krause Elmar , Kazmaier Uli , Lauterbach Marcel A. , Rettig Jens
Published: April 2020

CTLs release cytotoxic proteins such as granzymes and perforin through fusion of cytotoxic granules (CG) at the target cell interface, the immune synapse, to kill virus-infected and tumorigenic target cells. A characteristic feature of these granules is their acidic pH inside the granule lumen, which is required to process precursors of granzymes and perforin to their mature form. However, the role of acidic pH in CG maturation, transport, and fusion is not understood. We demonstrate in primary murine CTLs that the a3-subunit of the vacuolar-type (H+)–adenosine triphosphatase is required for establishing a luminal pH of 6.1 inside CG using ClopHensorN(Q69M), a newly generated CG-specific pH indicator. Knockdown of the a3-subunit resulted in a significantly reduced killing of target cells and a >50% reduction in CG fusion in total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy, which was caused by a reduced number of CG at the immune synapse. Superresolution microscopy revealed a reduced interaction of CG with the microtubule network upon a3-subunit knockdown. Finally, we find by electron and structured illumination microscopy that knockdown of the a3-subunit altered the diameter and density of individual CG, whereas the number of CG per CTL was unaffected. We conclude that the a3-subunit of the vacuolar adenosine triphosphatase is not only responsible for the acidification of CG, but also contributes to the maturation and efficient transport of the CG to the immune synapse.
Sigmoid Volvulus In A 10-year-old Male: A Case Report And Review of The Literature
Authors: Godosis Dimitrios , Kepertis Chrysostomos , Demiri Charikleia , Lambropoulos Vassilis , Spyridakis Ioannis
Published: April 2020

Sigmoid volvulus in children is a potentially disastrous situation, still remaining rare in terms of occurrence. We hereby present a case report of a 10-year-old male, having admitted in our department complaining about abdominal pain, who finally proved to suffer from sigmoid volvulus.
[On the presence of Willow Tit Poecile montanus in the Central Apennines]
Authors: Brunelli Massimo , Fraticelli Fulvio
Published: April 2020

[Since the mid Fifties data have been published stating the presence of a Willow Tit population on the Central Apennines. The Authors, after controlling all available information and comparing them with the morphological and eco-ethological features of the species, hypothesize that all Willow Tit recorded observations relate instead to Marsh Tit, concluding that no Willow Tit populations were ever recorded in the area].   [Article in Italian]
Presence of pesticides, mercury and trihalomethanes in the water supply systems of Ibagué, Colombia: threats to human health
Authors: Barragán Blanca Lisseth Guzmán , Rivillas Manuel Alejandro Gonzalez , Villegas Manuel Salvador Cuero , Medina Jose David Olivar
Published: April 2020

Chemical contamination of the water supply system caused by anthropic activities can cause adverse health effects. This study determined the presence of toxic metals, organic substances, pesticides and trihalomethanes in the water supply systems of the urban area of Ibague City. The economic and sanitary activities located in the 25 surface streams of the 32 water supply systems of the municipality were characterized. A total of 25 water samples were taken from the surface streams, and 35 samples in the water network of each drinking water service provider for the identification of pesticides (carbamates, organochlorines, organophosphorus), mercury, arsenic, cyanide, lead, cadmium, antimony, cobalt, selenium, silver, nickel and hydrocarbons. The presence of trihalomethanes was sampled after the treatment process given. A total of 775 economic and sanitary activities were detected in the surface streams of the water supply systems, highlighting the human settlements, agricultural and tourist activities impact on the water sources. Organochlorine pesticides (0.009-0.109 mg/L), mercury (0.001-0.004 mg/L) were identified in the water supply system in concentrations higher than those permitted by local regulation. Concentrations of trihalomethanes (0.064-1.260 mg/L) were detected in 68.7% of the water supply systems with treatment. The presence of chemical contaminants occurs mainly in communities with water supply systems of low complexity with high anthropic affectation. It is necessary to strengthen the assessment of hazards and risk by health surveillance, as well as intersectoral intervention for the protection of water sources and the improvement of water treatment technologies.
Precarización de plataformas: El caso de los repartidores a domicilio en España
Authors: Morales Muñoz Karol , Abal Medina Paula
Published: April 2020

La economía de plataformas está reorganizando el trabajo y alterando la forma de concebirnos trabajadores. Control algorítmico, psicologización política y big data son parte de lo nuevo que define esta escena del trabajo. El trabajo en plataformas de reparto a domicilio, dirigido especialmente a jóvenes, está en el centro del debate acerca de la deslaboralización, a partir de la conflictividad que concentra internacionalmente. En este artículo exploramos el trabajo y cómo emerge la confrontación en estas aplicaciones, a partir del estudio del caso español, en un diseño de tipo etnográfico. Los resultados muestran la importancia de la exacerbación de los controles y la desprotección en la organización del trabajo, el desarrollo del activismo comunicacional por parte de los repartidores, y las disputas, también subjetivas, que se expresan alrededor de la cuestión de la laboralidad en la judicialización del conflicto. Se discuten los resultados a la luz de las tendencias de transformación neoliberal del trabajo.
Liderazgo intermedio y desarrollo de comunidades de práctica profesional. Lecciones emergentes de un estudio de caso
Authors: Barrero Fernández Beatriz , Domingo Segovia Jesús , Fernández Gálvez Juan De Dios
Published: April 2020

La inclusión educativa y el éxito para todos y entre todos necesitan de comunidades profesionales de aprendizaje y un liderazgo para la justicia social. El tema es complejo. Necesita de la confluencia de toda una comunidad y de un liderazgo compartido y corresponsable. El sistema escolar cuenta con servicios de apoyo que pueden asumir el rol de colegas críticos y líderes intermedios y conectivos. Un sistema bien articulado localmente de redes de liderazgo, con la participación de estos líderes intermedios puede ser una buena solución. Este artículo recoge evidencias de investigación de un estudio de caso desde una perspectiva (auto)biográfica sobre el desarrollo de este tipo de liderazgo, seguido durante cuatro cursos escolares. Contextualizado y contrastado mediante grupos de discusión y entrevistas en profundidad. Concluye que el orientador de zona, desde una perspectiva de colega crítico, puede ejercer este rol de líder intermedio, dinamizador e interconector de una comunidad profesional de aprendizaje: 1) acompañando procesos de transformación desde la colaboración, la implicación y la cercanía; 2) buscando desarrollar una visión compartida; y 3) desarrollando una identidad profesional híbrida, como asesor y líder intermedio.
Spatial distribution of cloud droplet size properties from Airborne Hyper-Angular Rainbow Polarimeter (AirHARP) measurements
Authors: McBride Brent A. , Martins J. Vanderlei , Barbosa Henrique M. J. , Birmingham William , Remer Lorraine A.
Published: April 2020

Abstract. The global variability of clouds and their interactions
with aerosol and radiation make them one of our largest sources of
uncertainty related to global radiative forcing. The droplet size
distribution (DSD) of clouds is an excellent proxy that connects cloud
microphysical properties with radiative impacts on our climate. However,
traditional radiometric instruments are information-limited in their DSD
retrievals. Radiometric sensors can infer droplet effective radius directly
but not the distribution width, which is an important parameter tied to the
growth of a cloud field and to the onset of precipitation. DSD heterogeneity
hidden inside large pixels, a lack of angular information, and the absence of
polarization limit the amount of information these retrievals can provide.
Next-generation instruments that can measure at narrow resolutions with multiple
view angles on the same pixel, a broad swath, and sensitivity to
the intensity and polarization of light are best situated to retrieve DSDs at
the pixel level and over a wide spatial field. The Airborne Hyper-Angular
Rainbow Polarimeter (HARP) is a wide-field-of-view imaging polarimeter
instrument designed by the University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC),
for retrievals of cloud droplet size distribution properties over a wide
swath, at narrow resolution, and at up to 60 unique, co-located view zenith
angles in the 670 nm channel. The cloud droplet effective radius (CDR) and
variance (CDV) of a unimodal gamma size distribution are inferred
simultaneously by matching measurement to Mie polarized phase functions. For
all targets with appropriate geometry, a retrieval is possible, and
unprecedented spatial maps of CDR and CDV are made for cloud fields that
stretch both across the swath and along the entirety of a flight
observation. During the NASA Lake Michigan Ozone Study (LMOS) aircraft
campaign in May–June 2017, the Airborne HARP (AirHARP) instrument observed
a heterogeneous stratocumulus cloud field along the solar principal plane.
Our retrievals from this dataset show that cloud DSD heterogeneity can occur
at the 200 m scale, much smaller than the 1–2 km resolution of most spaceborne
sensors. This heterogeneity at the sub-pixel level can create artificial
broadening of the DSD in retrievals made at resolutions on the order of 0.5
to 1 km. This study, which uses the AirHARP instrument and its data as a
proxy for upcoming HARP CubeSat and HARP2 spaceborne instruments,
demonstrates the viability of the HARP concept to make cloud measurements at
scales of individual clouds, with global coverage, and in a low-cost,
compact CubeSat-sized payload.
Estimating raindrop size distributions using microwave link measurements: potential and limitations
Authors: van Leth Thomas C. , Leijnse Hidde , Overeem Aart , Uijlenhoet Remko
Published: April 2020

Abstract. We present a novel method of using two or three collocated microwave link instruments to estimate the three parameters of a gamma raindrop size distribution (DSD) model. This allows path-average DSD measurements over a path length of several kilometers as opposed to the point measurements of conventional disdrometers. Our method is validated in a round-trip manner using simulated DSD fields as well as five laser disdrometers installed along a path. Different potential link combinations of frequency and polarization are investigated. We also present preliminary results from the application of this method to an experimental setup of collocated microwave links measuring at 26 and 38 GHz along a 2.2 km path. Simulations show that a DSD retrieval on the basis of microwave links can be accurate under idealized conditions. We found that a triple-link retrieval provides little added benefit over a dual-link retrieval in terms of accuracy or precision. In practice, the accuracy and success rate of any retrieval is highly dependent on the stability of the base power level as well as the precision of the instruments and in particular the quantization applied to the recorded power level.
Estimating the fate of oxygen ion outflow from the high-altitude cusp
Authors: Krcelic Patrik , Haaland Stein , Maes Lukas , Slapak Rikard , Schillings Audrey
Published: April 2020

Abstract. We have investigated the oxygen escape-to-capture ratio from the high-altitude cusp regions for various geomagnetic activity levels by combining EDI and CODIF measurements from the Cluster spacecraft. Using a magnetic field model, we traced the observed oxygen ions to one of three regions: plasma sheet, solar wind beyond a distant X-line or dayside magnetosheath. Our results indicate that 69 % of high-altitude oxygen escapes the magnetosphere, from which most escapes beyond the distant X-line (50 % of total oxygen flux). Convection of oxygen to the plasma sheet shows a strong dependence on geomagnetic activity. We used the Dst index as a proxy for geomagnetic storms and separated data into quiet conditions (Dst>0 nT), moderate conditions (0>Dst>-20 nT), and active conditions (Dst<-20 nT). For quiet magnetospheric conditions we found increased escape due to low convection. For active magnetospheric conditions we found an increase in both parallel velocities and convection velocities, but the increase in convection velocities is higher, and thus most of the oxygen gets convected into the plasma sheet (73 %). The convected oxygen ions reach the plasma sheet in the distant tail, mostly beyond 50 RE.
Turbulence in the stratified boundary layer under ice: observations from Lake Baikal and a new similarity model
Authors: Kirillin Georgiy , Aslamov Ilya , Kozlov Vladimir , Zdorovennov Roman , Granin Nikolai
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Seasonal ice cover on lakes and polar seas creates seasonally developing boundary layer at the ice base with specific features: fixed temperature at
the solid boundary and stable density stratification beneath. Turbulent transport in the boundary layer determines the ice growth and melting
conditions at the ice–water interface, especially in large lakes and marginal seas, where large-scale water circulation can produce highly variable
mixing conditions. Since the boundary mixing under ice is difficult to measure, existing models of ice cover dynamics usually neglect or parameterize
it in a very simplistic form. We present the first detailed observations on mixing under ice of Lake Baikal, obtained with the help of advanced acoustic
methods. The dissipation rate of the turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) was derived from correlations (structure functions) of current velocities within
the boundary layer. The range of the dissipation rate variability covered 2 orders of magnitude, demonstrating strongly turbulent
conditions. Intensity of mixing was closely connected to the mean speeds of the large-scale under-ice currents. Mixing developed on the background of
stable density (temperature) stratification, which affected the vertical structure of the boundary layer. To account for stratification effects, we
propose a model of the turbulent energy budget based on the length scale incorporating the dissipation rate and the buoyancy frequency
(Dougherty–Ozmidov scaling). The model agrees well with the observations and yields a scaling relationship for the ice–water heat flux as a function
of the shear velocity squared. The ice–water heat fluxes in the field were the largest among all reported in lakes (up to 40 W m−2) and
scaled well against the proposed relationship. The ultimate finding is that of a strong dependence of the water–ice heat flux on the shear velocity
under ice. The result suggests large errors in the heat flux estimations when the traditional “bulk” approach is applied to stratified boundary
layers. It also implies that under-ice currents may have much stronger effect on the ice melt than estimated by traditional models.
The utility of earth science information in post-earthquake land-use decision-making: the 2010–2011 Canterbury earthquake sequence in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Quigley Mark C. , Saunders Wendy , Massey Chris , Van Dissen Russ , Villamor Pilar , Jack Helen , Litchfield Nicola
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Earth science information (data, knowledge, advice) can enhance the evidence base for land-use decision-making. The utility of this information depends on factors such as the context and objectives of land-use decisions, the timeliness and efficiency with which earth science information is delivered, and the strength, relevance, uncertainties and risks assigned to earth science information relative to other inputs. We investigate land-use decision-making practices in Christchurch, New Zealand and the surrounding region in response to mass movement (e.g., rockfall, cliff collapses) and ground surface fault rupture hazards incurred during the 2010-2011 Canterbury earthquake sequence (CES). Rockfall fatality risk models combining hazard, exposure and vulnerability data were co-produced by earth scientists and decision-makers and formed primary evidence for risk-based land-use decision-making with adaptive capacity. A public decision appeal process enabled consideration of additional earth science information, primarily via stakeholder requests. For fault rupture hazards, pre-disaster geotechnical guidelines and collaboration networks enhanced the ability of earth scientists to rapidly acquire relevant observational data to meet the demands of decision-makers. Expeditious decision-making granted permissive consent for rebuilding in the fault rupture zone based on preliminary scientific advice that was subsequently supported by more comprehensive geological investigations. Rapidly fluctuating and diverse demands for post-disaster earth science information may be best met through prior establishment of (i) land-use policies and technical guidelines tailored for a variety of diverse disaster scenarios, (ii) hazard and risk analyses in land-use plans, including acquisition of geospatial and other earth science data, and (iii) co-ordinated science networks that may comprise sub-groups with diverse goals, operational perspectives and protocols, which allow the many facets of science information acquisition and delivery to be successfully addressed. Despite the collective knowledge shared here, some recent land use practices in New Zealand continue to prioritize other (e.g., socioeconomic) factors above earth science information, even in areas of extreme disaster risk.
The influence of föhn winds on annual and seasonal surface melt on the Larsen C Ice Shelf, Antarctica
Authors: Turton Jenny Victoria , Kirchgaessner Amélie , Ross Andrew N. , King John C. , Kuipers Munneke Peter
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Warm, dry föhn winds are observed over the Larsen C Ice shelf year-round and are thought to contribute to the continuing weakening and collapse of ice shelves on the eastern Antarctic Peninsula. We use a surface energy balance (SEB) model, driven by observations from two locations on the Larsen C ice shelf and one on the remnants of Larsen B, in combination with output from the Antarctic Mesoscale Prediction System (AMPS), to investigate the year-round impact of föhn winds on the SEB and melt from 2009–2012. Föhn winds have an impact on the individual components of the surface energy balance in all seasons, and lead to an increase in surface melt in spring, summer and autumn up to 100 km away from the foot of the AP. When föhn winds occur in spring they increase surface melt, extend the melt season and increase the number of melt days within a year. Whilst AMPS is able to simulate the percentage of melt days associated with föhn with high skill, it overestimates the total amount of melting during föhn events and non-föhn events. This study extends previous attempts at quantifying the impact of föhn on the Larsen C ice shelf by including a four-year study period and a wider area of interest and provides evidence for föhn-related melting on both Larsen C and Larsen B ice shelves.
Design and analysis of a wake steering controller with wind direction variability
Authors: Simley Eric , Fleming Paul , King Jennifer
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Wind farm control strategies are being developed to mitigate wake losses in wind farms, increasing energy production. Wake steering is a type of wind farm control in which a wind turbine's yaw position is misaligned from the wind direction, causing its wake to deflect away from downstream turbines. Current modeling tools used to optimize and estimate energy gains from wake steering are designed to represent wakes for fixed wind directions. However, wake steering controllers must operate in dynamic wind conditions and a turbine's yaw position cannot perfectly track changing wind directions. Research has been conducted on robust wake steering control optimized for variable wind directions. In this paper, the design and analysis of a wake steering controller with wind direction variability is presented for a two-turbine array using the FLOw Redirection and Induction in Steady State (FLORIS) control-oriented wake model. First, the authors propose a method for modeling the turbulent and low-frequency components of the wind direction, where the slowly varying wind direction serves as the relevant input to the wake model. Next, we explain a procedure for finding optimal yaw offsets for dynamic wind conditions considering both wind direction and yaw position uncertainty. We then performed simulations with the optimal yaw offsets applied using a realistic yaw offset controller in conjunction with a baseline yaw controller, showing good agreement with the predicted energy gain using the probabilistic model. Using the Gaussian wake model in FLORIS as an example, we compared the performance of yaw offset controllers optimized for static and dynamic wind conditions for different turbine spacings and turbulence intensity values, assuming uniformly distributed wind directions. For a spacing of five rotor diameters and a turbulence intensity of 10 %, robust yaw offsets optimized for variable wind directions yielded an energy gain equivalent to 3.24 % of wake losses recovered, compared to 1.42 % of wake losses recovered with yaw offsets optimized for static wind directions. In general, accounting for wind direction variability in the yaw offset optimization process was found to improve energy production more as the separation distance increased, whereas the relative improvement remained roughly the same for the range of turbulence intensity values considered.
Universal History and Immanent Critique in Anti-Oedipus
Authors: Nguyen Duy Lap ,   DePaul University
Published: April 2020

This essay considers Deleuze and Guattari’s paradoxical claim that Marx’s critique of political economy implies as a universal history derived from the singular features of capitalism. In this critique, capitalism is defined by the commodity form, as a relationship of economic equivalence that replaces the bonds of dependence underlying other social formations. By negating relations of kinship and caste, capitalism reveals, a contrario, the universal foundation of other societies. As the “negative of all social formations,” capitalism conditions a universal history, defined, retrospectively, from the singular standpoint of a society, based upon the negation of kinship and caste. In this universal history, moreover, the negation of capitalism is identified with the possibility of a new and equally singular form of society. In Anti-Oedipus, the latter is defined as a “schizophrenic” condition liberated from the commodity as well as from the bonds of dependence that constituted the universal foundation of earlier societies.
O financiamento externo da política educacional no Paraná (2011-2017)
Authors: Camargo Keren Paula da Silva , Deitos Roberto Antonio
Published: April 2020

O presente artigo busca examinar as condicionalidades políticas, ideológicas, financeiras e educacionais para o financiamento da política educacional, apresentadas pelo Banco Mundial nos documentos e nos contratos do Projeto Multissetorial para o Desenvolvimento do Paraná implementado no estado, no período dos governos de Carlos Alberto Richa (2011 – 2017). Para o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa, realizou-se uma busca no Banco de Teses e Dissertações da Capes e na página da Secretaria de Planejamento e Coordenação Geral do Governo do Paraná, em que foi encontrada a versão em português dos contratos e manuais necessários. Entre os documentos usados para analisar a parte do financiamento do Projeto Multissetorial para o Desenvolvimento do Paraná estão: o contrato de empréstimo número 8201- BR; os relatórios periódicos e o Manual operativo do Projeto nos volumes 1 e 4. Compreendemos que os organismos internacionais, especialmente o Projeto Multissetorial para o Desenvolvimento do Paraná e o Banco Mundial, têm ditado como deve ser a educação do estado. Notamos, assim, que poucos recursos são destinados à área educacional, caso comparada a outros setores. Percebemos, ademais, que os documentos do Projeto têm dado ênfase na eficácia e na qualidade do sistema educacional.
Aspectos a serem considerados em investigações a respeito do movimento de constituição da Identidade Profissional de professores que ensinam matemática
Authors: Paula Enio Freire de , Cyrino Márcia Cristina de Costa Trindade
Published: April 2020

O objetivo do presente artigo é discutir aspectos a serem considerados em investigações a respeito do movimento de constituição da Identidade Profissional (IP) de professores que ensinam matemática (PEM). Para tanto, analisaram-se e problematizaram-se aspectos associados: (i) aos processos de constituição da IP de PEM; (ii) aos contextos investigativos; e (iii) às perspectivas epistemológicas de IP de PEM, identificados em investigações a respeito da IP de PEM no decorrer da construção e da análise de dois corpora, tendo como recorte temporal, o período de 2006-2016. Os resultados evidenciam que a complexidade, a dinamicidade, a temporalidade e a experiencialidade são aspectos importantes a serem levados em conta pelas pesquisas que se propõem a investigar os processos de constituição da IP de PEM. Quanto ao contexto investigativo, ações envolvendo PEM já atuantes na Educação Básica, futuros professores e docentes universitários em ambientes grupais fomentam a integração entre os participantes e a valorização de suas práticas profissionais. Em relação às perspectivas epistemológicas, é imprescindível reconhecer que as escolhas do pesquisador influenciam todo o processo de análise. Nesse sentido, problematizar a IP nas investigações em uma perspectiva formativa pode fomentar a valorização das práticas profissionais de (futuros) PEM e evidenciar momentos de tensão/fragilidade potencializadores desses processos de formação necessários para o movimento de constituição da IP.
A educação e o processo de reestruturação produtiva: a incapacidade civilizatória sob a égide do Capital
Authors: Gomes Marco Antonio de Oliveira , Souza Marilsa Miranda de , Rodrigues Ana Paula Aires
Published: April 2020

O presente artigo tem como objetivos investigar os limites da promessa de inserção dos trabalhadores em um mercado cada vez mais competitivo e discutir as possíveis implicações dessa inserção para a classe trabalhadora no contexto atual. Trata-se de um estudo bibliográfico-documental, no qual como questão metodológica, torna-se imperativo analisar as mudanças advindas no interior da produção e suas conexões com a educação escolar. Os documentos analisados foram obtidos por meio das seguintes instituições oficiais: a Agência de notícias do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística-IBGE e do Censo de Ensino Superior de 2014. Além disso, são apresentados dados existentes no relatório Tendências Globais de Emprego para a Juventude 2017, da Organização Internacional do Trabalho-OIT, entre outros considerados pertinentes. A análise aqui apresentada está subsidiada na epistemologia marxiana, já que essa nos possibilita a compreensão do princípio da totalidade, o que implica pensar as múltiplas relações existentes neste contexto e as vinculações objetivas dessas com o objeto da análise. Entendemos que os acontecimentos históricos em questão são expressão dos desafios enfrentados pelos trabalhadores diante das contradições nas relações de trabalho engendradas no modo de produção capitalista. Ressalta-se com base nos dados levantados, que o ideário da educação escolar como panaceia para a resolução da desigualdade social, trata-se em última instância, de uma falácia teórica produzida no bojo do próprio sistema.
The axonal actin-spectrin lattice acts as a tension buffering shock absorber
Authors: Dubey Sushil , Bhembre Nishita , Bodas Shivani , Veer Sukh , Ghose Aurnab , Callan-Jones Andrew , Pullarkat Pramod
Published: April 2020

Axons span extreme distances and are subject to significant stretch deformations during limb movements or sudden head movements, especially during impacts. Yet, axon biomechanics, and its relation to the ultrastructure that allows axons to withstand mechanical stress, is poorly understood. Using a custom developed force apparatus, we demonstrate that chick dorsal root ganglion axons exhibit a tension buffering or strain-softening response, where its steady state elastic modulus decreases with increasing strain. We then explore the contributions from the various cytoskeletal components of the axon to show that the recently discovered membrane-associated actin-spectrin scaffold plays a prominent mechanical role. Finally, using a theoretical model, we argue that the actin-spectrin skeleton acts as an axonal tension buffer by reversibly unfolding repeat domains of the spectrin tetramers to release excess mechanical stress. Our results revise the current viewpoint that microtubules and their associated proteins are the only significant load-bearing elements in axons.
Structural basis for ion selectivity in TMEM175 K+ channels
Authors: Brunner Janine D , Jakob Roman P , Schulze Tobias , Neldner Yvonne , Moroni Anna , Thiel Gerhard , Maier Timm , Schenck Stephan
Published: April 2020

The TMEM175 family constitutes recently discovered K+channels that are important for autophagosome turnover and lysosomal pH regulation and are associated with the early onset of Parkinson Disease. TMEM175 channels lack a P-loop selectivity filter, a hallmark of all known K+ channels, raising the question how selectivity is achieved. Here, we report the X-ray structure of a closed bacterial TMEM175 channel in complex with a nanobody fusion-protein disclosing bound K+ ions. Our analysis revealed that a highly conserved layer of threonine residues in the pore conveys a basal K+ selectivity. An additional layer comprising two serines in human TMEM175 increases selectivity further and renders this channel sensitive to 4-aminopyridine and Zn2+. Our findings suggest that large hydrophobic side chains occlude the pore, forming a physical gate, and that channel opening by iris-like motions simultaneously relocates the gate and exposes the otherwise concealed selectivity filter to the pore lumen.
Feasibility analysis of flexible bronchoscopy in conjunction with noninvasive ventilation for therapy of hypoxemic patients with Central Airway Obstruction: a retrospective study
Authors: Chen Xiaoke , Zhou Yiping , Yu Haiqiong , Peng Yue , Xia Liping , Liu Nian , Lin Hairong
Published: April 2020

Background

Interventional bronchoscopy for hypoxemic patients with central airway obstruction (CAO) is typically performed under general anesthesia. This approach poses remarkable challenge for both bronchoscopist and anesthesiologist. Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) during flexible bronchoscopy (FB) has been successfully used in hypoxemic patients, but rarely in the treatment of hypoxemic patients with CAO.

Objective

To evaluate the feasibility of therapeutic FB assisted with NIV for therapy of hypoxemic patients with CAO.

Method

Twenty-nine hypoxemic CAO patients treated with FB from December 2010 to May 2016 in our hospital were retrospectively reviewed, either aided with NIV under sedation (NIV group ) or through artificial airway under general anesthesia (control group). Interventional procedures included balloon dilation, electrocautery and argon plasma coagulation

Result

Fifteen patients were enrolled in the NIV group and 14 in the control group. The success rate (93.3% VS 92.9%, p = 1.0), procedure time (60.5 ± 4.2 min VS 67.8 ± 5.6 min, p = 0.31) and oxygenation improvement between the two groups have no significant difference. Less reduction of systolic blood pressure and heart rate during procedure was observed in the NIV group. The NIV group showed shorter admission time before procedure than the control group (35.1 ± 4.6 h VS 55.6 ± 5.6 h, p < 0.01). In addition, procedure fee in the NIV group was significantly less than that in the control group (540.7 ± 62.8$ VS975.4 ± 69.5$, p < 0.0001).

Conclusion

FB assisted with NIV is a safe, efficient and economic method for therapy of selected hypoxemic patients with CAO.
Establishment of brown anoles (Anolis sagrei) across a southern California county and potential interactions with a native lizard species
Authors: Fisher Samuel R. , Del Pinto Lelani A. , Fisher Robert N.
Published: April 2020

The brown anole,Anolis sagrei, is a native species to the Caribbean; however,A. sagreihas invaded multiple parts of the USA, including Florida, Louisiana, Hawai’i and more recently California. The biological impacts ofA. sagreiinvading California are currently unknown. Evidence from the invasion in Taiwan shows that they spread quickly and when immediate action is not taken eradication stops being a viable option. In Orange County, California, five urban sites, each less than 100 ha, were surveyed for an average of 49.2 min. Approximately 200A. sagreiwere seen and verified across all survey sites. The paucity of native lizards encountered during the surveys within these sites suggests little to no overlap between the dominant diurnal western fence lizard,Sceloporus occidentalis, andA. sagrei. This notable lack of overlap could indicate a potentially disturbing reality thatA. sagreiare driving local extirpations ofS. occidentalis.
RELIGIÓN Y LEYES ANTIDISCRIMINACIÓN EN EL REINO UNIDO
Authors:   Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology (Halle/Saale: Alemania), Céspedes Rodrigo
Published: April 2020

Este trabajo analiza los conflictos derivados de la libertad religiosa en el marco de las leyes antidiscriminación en el Reino Unido. Se examinan fallos relacionados con la educación, la función pública, el empleo en el sector privado y los derechos del consumidor.
Formação continuada de professores de línguas estrangeiras da rede pública: contribuições do cinema e da Teoria da Atividade
Authors: Stefani Viviane Cristina Garcia de
Published: April 2020

Na sociedade em que vivemos, o estreitamento do contato entre os povos e o crescente processo de internacionalização do conhecimento têm nos levado a pensar maneiras mais eficientes de aprender, de ensinar, e de aprender a ensinar um idioma estrangeiro, especialmente quando sabemos que aprender outro idioma implica abrir-se para outras culturas, outras formas de agir, pensar e ver o mundo. Tendo em vista essas questões, e considerando estudos que comprovam que o cinema é um instrumento eficaz para o ensino da língua-cultura alvo, o objetivo deste artigo é dar visibilidade aos resultados de uma investigação em nível de doutorado, acerca do uso do cinema como instrumento didático em um curso de formação continuada para professores de língua estrangeira moderna (inglês e espanhol) da rede pública de ensino, considerando que ensinar língua estrangeira por meio do cinema motiva o aprendente (HARLOW; MUYSKENS, 1994), auxilia no desenvolvimento das habilidades comunicativas (STEPHEN, 2001) e estimula o aprendizado autônomo (FIORENTINI, 2002; GARCIA-STEFANI, 2010). No curso com 30 horas de duração foram oferecidos aportes teóricos e práticos que dessem subsídios aos professores para analisarem e prepararem atividades didáticas com conteúdo fílmico. Nesse contexto, foram intensas as interações e trocas de experiências entre os cursistas, de forma que todas as atividades preparadas fossem compartilhadas e analisadas pelo grupo antes de serem aplicadas em sala de aula. Os dados obtidos por meio de questionários, notas de campo e grupo focal foram analisados à luz da Teoria da Atividade (LEONTIEV, 1978, 1981; VYGOTSKY, 1991; 1993; ENGESTRÖM, 2009, 1999), que reconhece que todos somos fonte do saber e podemos agir de forma colaborativa para ampliar a construção de sentidos. Dessa forma, os protagonistas da pesquisa foram responsáveis pela aprendizagem uns dos outros. Resultados do estudo apontam o cinema como instrumento eficaz e motivador para o ensino de línguas estrangeiras; e a troca de experiências e a interação promovida entre os professores participantes foram importantes na resolução de problemas, contribuindo, efetivamente para sua formação continuada, bem como para o ensino significativo de línguas.
Precipice Edge: Winnicottiana Perspective before the Body, Aggressiveness and Suicide
Authors: Sousa Artemise Portela de , Abadia Kaio Filipe Jorge , Klinger Ellen Fernanda , Oliveira Daniela Ponciano
Published: April 2020

Edge of cliff addresses an even little explored theme, but that every day has become common in society, self-aggression and suicide among young people. In this sense, the objective of this research was to analyze self-aggressiveness and suicide attempt, as well as to verify the main reasons and characteristics of aggressive and suicidal behavior in a young person with the developmental disorder; to examine susceptibility to aggressive behaviours in this; as well as to address the contributions of the psychologist professional in the performance with the individual with Cerebral Palsy and family. The subject of the research was a 22-year-old with Cerebral Palsy, attended the School of Psychology Service of Gurupi University. Twenty-one psychotherapeutic sessions of 50 minutes per week were performed during 10 interspersed months. The 6 meetings with the mother were also held for clarification and guidance on the procedures employed with the subject. The data were transcribed and analyzed qualitatively under the bias of psychoanalytic reading. Among the results, the reduction of aggressive behaviours that boosted suicide attempts could be verified, and the individual’s neuromotor impairment was taken into question. It was observed that suicide attempts acted as a request for help for family members. It is also emphasized the importance of the psychologist’s work in developing a relationship of trust, reception, respect, understanding, and equality towards the patient, who in this case were fundamental parts of the therapeutic process.
Pre‐column derivatization method for determining phenylephrine in human plasma and its application in a pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Li Li , Wang Yong , Chen Guanglei , Dong Kelly , Song Haifeng
Published: April 2020

In the present study, a rapid derivatization liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method was developed and validated to evaluate phenylephrine in human plasma. The plasma samples were processed to precipitate the proteins, followed by derivatization of the phenylephrine in the plasma with dansyl‐chloride solution and extraction with methyl tert‐butyl ether–n‐hexane (2:1, v/v). The treated samples were analyzed on a Gemini C18 column with 3 min gradient elution, and sensitive detection was achieved with a Waters TQ‐s. The method gave linear results over a concentration range from 0.020 to 10.0 ng/ml. The lower limit of quantification was 0.020 ng/ml. Intra‐ and inter‐day precision was <15%, and accuracy was 95.0–105.3%. The validated LC–MS/MS method was successfully applied in the pharmacokinetic analysis of phenylephrine in Chinese subjects with common cold after a single‐dose administration of 5, 10 or 20 mg phenylephrine. This pre‐column derivatization method may also be applied for the analysis of endogenous hormones such as norepinephrine and adrenaline in a biological matrix.
Epstein‐Barr Virus‐related mucocutaneous ulcer lymphoma associated with Crohn's disease, treated with monoclonal antibody anti‐CD30
Authors: Montes Lydia , Tredez Estelle , Yzet Clara , Delette Caroline , Chatelain Denis , Lebon Delphine , Fumery Mathurin , Marolleau Jean‐Pierre
Published: April 2020

Epstein‐Barr virus‐related mucocutaneous ulcer lymphoma is a rare entity promoted by immunosuppression. It is less described in inflammatory bowel diseases, and mostly these are refractory diseases. CD30 acts to Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) local proliferation and thus could be an interesting target. Brentuximab vedotin could become a new helpful tool.
Identifying the Active Silver Species in Carbonylation of Dimethyl Ether over Ag−HMOR
Authors: Li Shiyue , Cai Kai , Li Ying , Liu Shuaipeng , Yu Man , Wang Yue , Ma Xinbin , Huang Shouying
Published: April 2020

As one of the key steps in ethanol production from syngas, dimethyl ether (DME) carbonylation to methyl acetate (MA) catalyzed by zeolite has drawn much attention. H‐mordenite (HMOR) modified with metal has been continuously developed for improving catalytic performance. Here, we investigated the role of Ag species through three series of Ag−HMOR catalysts prepared through altering Ag loading, varying reduction temperature and additional ion exchange. TEM, XPS, CO FTIR and UV‐Vis spectroscopy were employed to identify the nature and the amount of Ag species in xAg−HM with different Ag loading. Taken together with catalytic performance evaluation, 5Ag−HM with the moderate size of Ag0 species (Agnδ+ and Agm clusters) was proved to have greatest promotion effect on DME carbonylation. This was also evidenced by further improved MA formation rate over catalysts via elevating reduction temperature or via additional NH4Cl ion exchange, which contained more Ag0 and fewer Ag+ species respectively. These provide insight into metal‐modified HMOR, inspiring design and fabrication of zeolite catalysts with multi‐active sites.
Asymmetric Synthesis of Chiral Chromanes by Copper‐Catalyzed Hydroamination of 2H‐Chromenes
Authors: Yang Qingjing , Li Sifeng , Wang Jun (Joelle)
Published: April 2020

A copper/(R)‐DTBM‐SEGPHOS‐catalyzed enantioselective hydroamination of 2H‐chromenes employing hydrosilanes and hydroxylamine esters has been developed. This protocol offers a highly efficient and direct route for accessing a series of 4‐aminochromanes in 50–88 % yields with 59–99 % enantioselectivities under mild reaction conditions.
Exosomes as a Source of Cancer Biomarkers: Advances in Electrochemical Biosensing of Exosomes
Authors: Lorencova Lenka , Bertok Tomas , Bertokova Aniko , Gajdosova Veronika , Hroncekova Stefania , Vikartovska Alica , Kasak Peter , Tkac Jan
Published: April 2020

Invited for this month's cover picture is the group of Dr. Jan Tkac (head of the Department of Glycobiotechnology at the Institute of Chemistry at the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Slovakia). The cover picture shows a common eukaryotic cell with basic organelles, as well as intracellular formation/preparation of exosomes for express delivery to distant tissues. Read the full text of the Review at 10.1002/celc.202000075.
Nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II with merged strategies for industrial network topology optimization
Authors: Wang Junyan
Published: April 2020

Fast nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA‐II) is a popular multiobjective optimization method. However, the tournament selection strategy for crossover operator suffers from the drawback of repetitively selecting the same individuals, resulting in unsatisfying performance. To alleviate this problem, this article first proposes to employk‐means clustering strategy to divide the candidate individuals into multiple clusters. After that, the crossover operator are redefined with three crossover individuals, where the first and second individuals are forced to selected from the same cluster and the second and third ones are from different clusters. The newly proposed crossover operator is not only able to alleviate the phenomenon above, but also able to retain the advantage of the original tournament selection strategy. The proposed method is verified on two popular test suits, including DTLZ and ZDT test suit and an industrial network topology optimization problem. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method exhibits excellent performance on both the two test suits and the practical network topology optimization.