bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cooperation of Emotional Intelligence and Social Activities in Education: Effects on School Culture and Value Acquisition
Authors: Koç Sümeyye , Altınay Fahriye , Koç Ahmet , Altınay Zehra , Dagli Gokmen
Published: July 2024

This study examined the effects of the cooperation of emotional intelligence and social activities in education on school culture and value acquisition. The research used a simultaneous transformational research design with a mixed research method. Seven hundred and ten students participated in the quantitative part of the research, and 105 teachers and school administrators participated in the qualitative part. The quantitative research with students determined a positive and significant relationship between social activity, values and school culture scales. Students’ participation in social activities mediates the impact of values on the school culture and contributes to the formation of a culture. Accordingly, the cooperation of emotional intelligence and social activities significantly contributes to developing students’ emotional and social skills, the positive transformation of the school culture and the acquisition of values. The teachers who participated in the qualitative section also confirmed this result. The teachers stated that social activities are essential in the value education process at school and connect students more strongly to the school. In this regard, developing educational programs and policies that support the cooperation of emotional intelligence and social activities will be a critical step for education systems. This is crucial in achieving the sustainable development goals. This study indicates that social activities are essential in promoting sustainability in education.
Exploring the Combustion Performance of a Non-Road Air-Cooled Two-Cylinder Turbocharged Diesel Engine
Authors: Yao Xingtian , Dong Yunxiao , Li Xiang , Ni Peiyong , Zhang Xuewen , Fan Yuhang
Published: July 2024

In order to explore the combustion performance of a non-road air-cooled two-cylinder turbocharged diesel engine, an experiment on the effects of engine compression ratio, combustion chamber shape and injection timing were systematically conducted in this study. Moreover, the effects of intake air conditions on combustion performance were numerically investigated using the one-dimensional simulation platform. The findings of this study could help provide new insights for promoting the sustainable development of diesel engines used in generator sets. The results show that the increase in intake air temperature can delay the combustion center of gravity and improve the combustion performance and the sustainability of diesel engines. The decrease in intake air pressure leads to a reduction in oxygen amount during the combustion process, thus causing the deterioration of cylinder pressure and combustion performance. By modifying the combustion chamber, the ignition delay and combustion duration are each extended by 1.6 degrees and 4.2 degrees under 100% engine load. The ignition delay and combustion duration are not obviously affected by modifying the combustion chamber shape under 25% and 50% loads. By increasing the compression ratio from 19.5 to 20.5, the ignition delay and combustion duration are shortened, which could enhance the cylinder pressure and heat release rate. However, reducing the compression ratio from 19.5 to 18.5 could significantly decrease the heat release rate. Under middle and low loads, combustion duration is less affected by injection timing. Under 100% load, the peak cylinder pressure increases to 11.4 MPa, and the ignition delay is shortened by advancing injection timing from −17 °CA to −20 °CA.
Contributions of Different Perennial Grass Species and Their Roots’ Characteristics to Soil Organic Carbon Accumulation
Authors: Skersiene Aida , Slepetiene Alvyra , Stukonis Vaclovas , Norkeviciene Egle
Published: July 2024

Growing perennial grasses is often cited as one of the possible and most affordable solutions for mitigating climate change. This practice is also recommended for sustainable soil management in agriculture. Our experiment involved timothy grass (Phleum pratense L.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), and their mixture; tall oat grass (Arrhenatherum elatius L.), alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), and their mixture, with the aim of diversifying the annual rotation; and periodical, twice-per-season cultivated plots in the same area (the bare soil fallow). Soil samples were collected in late October after plant vegetation’s first, second, and third growth years from three field replicates at the soil layers 0–0.1 m, 0.1–0.2 m, and 0.2–0.3 m and plant roots—at the beginning of November in the second cultivation year. After three years, the SOC content increased in all the study areas occupied by plants, regardless of their species composition, while it decreased in fallow plots. Grass roots were characterized by the highest C/N ratio (38.2 and 45.5). The roots of the red clover–timothy grass mixture also reached a C/N ratio greater than 30. Based on our research, choosing a combination of at least two plants, such as legumes and grasses, is possibly more effective for enriching the soil with carbon compounds in a short period.
The Influence of Social Commerce Dynamics on Sustainable Hotel Brand Image, Customer Engagement, and Booking Intentions
Authors: Mohammad Abuelkassem A. A. , Elshaer Ibrahim A. , Azazz Alaa M. S. , Kooli Chokri , Algezawy Mohamed , Fayyad Sameh
Published: July 2024

Social commerce plays a significant role in various aspects of the hotel industry. By using social commerce platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, and hotel booking websites, hotels can enhance their brand visibility, engage more effectively with guests, and stimulate hotel bookings. Nonetheless, prior research reported a lack of studies in this area, namely social commerce in the context of domestic tourism. Drawing on Stimuli–Organism–Response (SOR) theory as being a well-established framework in social commerce research, this study seeks to examine the impact of social commerce on hotel booking intentions, both directly and indirectly, by considering the mediating effects of both brand image and customer engagement. This research used an online survey questionnaire as a tool for collecting primary data from domestic tourists in Egypt during the period from January to April 2024. The study sample encompassed 315 participants who were recruited using the convenience sampling technique. Using Smart PLS 4.0 software, Structural Equation Modeling was performed to examine the proposed model and hypotheses. The results highlighted the significant impact of social commerce on both hotel brand image and customer engagement, which in turn encouraged booking intentions among potential domestic guests. The results also supported the significant mediating effect of hotel brand image and customer engagement in the relationship between social commerce and hotel booking intentions. This study provides some theoretical contributions to the literature of hospitality management by addressing notable gaps in knowledge. This study also suggests some practical implications for industry executives that support their social commerce techniques and boost booking intentions and behavior among domestic tourists such as creating visually attractive content, sponsoring virtual mega events, actively interacting with social media followers, and incorporating booking functionalities in social media platforms. In so doing, hotels can boost their sustainable marketing practices to target a promising market segment by exploiting Web 2.0 capabilities.
SU(3) Gauge Symmetry: An Experimental Review of Diffractive Physics in e+p, p+p, p+A, and A+A Collision Systems
Authors: Smith Krista L.
Published: July 2024

This review focuses on diffractive physics, which involves the long-range interactions of strong nuclear force at high energies described by SU(3) gauge symmetry. It is expected that diffractive processes account for nearly 40% of the total cross-section at LHC energies. These processes consist of soft-scale physics where perturbation theory cannot be applied. Although highly successful and often described as a perfect theory, quantum chromodynamics relies heavily on perturbation theory, a model best suited for hard-scale physics. The study of pomerons could help bridge the soft and hard processes and provide a complete description of the theory of the strong interaction across the full momentum spectrum. Here, we will discuss some of the features of diffractive physics, experimental results from SPS, HERA, and the LHC, and where the field could potentially lead. With the recent publication of the odderon discovery in 2021 by the D0 and TOTEM collaborations and the new horizon of physics that lies ahead with the upcoming Electron-Ion Collider at Brookhaven National Laboratory, interest is seemingly piquing in high energy diffractive physics.
An Improved Dempster–Shafer Evidence Theory with Symmetric Compression and Application in Ship Probability
Authors: Fang Ning , Cui Junmeng
Published: July 2024

Auxiliary information sources, a subset of target recognition data sources, play a significant role in target recognition. The reliability and importance of these sources can vary, thereby affecting the effectiveness of the data provided. Consequently, it is essential to integrate these auxiliary information sources prior to their utilization for identification. The Dempster-Shafer (DS) evidence theory, a well-established data-fusion method, offers distinct advantages in handling and combining uncertain information. In cases where conflicting evidence sources and minimal disparities in fundamental probability allocation are present, the implementation of DS evidence theory may demonstrate deficiencies. To address these concerns, this study refined DS evidence theory by introducing the notion of invalid evidence sources and determining the similarity weight of evidence sources through the Pearson correlation coefficient, reflecting the credibility of the evidence. The significance of evidence is characterized by entropy weights, taking into account the uncertainty of the evidence source. The proposed asymptotic adjustment compression function adjusts the basic probability allocation of evidence sources using comprehensive weights, leading to symmetric compression and control of the influence of evidence sources in data fusion. The simulation results and their application in ship target recognition demonstrate that the proposed method successfully incorporates basic probability allocation calculations for ship targets in various environments. In addition, the method effectively integrates data from multiple auxiliary information sources to produce accurate fusion results within an acceptable margin of error, thus validating its efficacy. The superiority of the proposed method is proved by comparing it with other methods that use the calculated weights to weight the basic probability allocation of the evidence sources.
Monitoring of Pesticide Residues in Chili Peppers Using International Pesticide Monitoring Data for Safety Management
Authors: Park Minsoo , Kim Seo-Hong , Bae Subin , Im Moo-Hyeog
Published: July 2024

Repeated pesticide residue detection in chili peppers in the Republic of Korea has become a serious health concern. Thus, monitoring domestically grown and imported chili peppers for pesticide residues is of great significance. Here, we investigated pesticide residues detected in imported and domestically grown chili peppers using global pesticide residue monitoring data. Our analysis involved organizing inspection and detection data from different sources. Global pesticide residue monitoring data for chili peppers revealed 139 pesticide types, 43,532 inspections, and 3966 detections (detection rate, 9.11%). Peppers from Mexico were sampled the most (39,927 inspections) and showed the highest number of detected cases (2998 cases). Globally, the top 10 most frequently detected pesticides were clothianidin, imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, chlorpyrifos, thiacloprid, metalaxyl, myclobutanil, azoxystrobin, carbendazim, and cyhalothrin, with detection rates in the range of 10.52–28.66%. Furthermore, domestic chili pepper pesticide residue monitoring revealed 73 pesticide types, 3535 inspections, and 332 detected cases (detection rate, 9.39%), and the top 10 most frequently detected pesticides were chlorfenapyr, tebuconazole, flonicamid, dinotefuran, boscalid, pyraclostrobin, fluxametamide, thiamethoxam, pyridaben, and azoxystrobin, with detection rates in the range of 13.89–32.58%. These findings may serve as fundamental data for safety management related to chili pepper pesticide residues in the Republic of Korea.
Different Neutralizing Antibody Responses of Heterologous Sera on Sheeppox and Lumpy Skin Disease Viruses
Authors: Berguido Francisco J. , Kangethe Richard Thiga , Shell Wendy , Wijewardana Viskam , Grabherr Reingard , Cattoli Giovanni , Lamien Charles Euloge
Published: July 2024

Sheeppox virus (SPPV), goatpox virus (GTPV), and lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) are the three members of the genus Capripoxvirus within the Poxviridae family and are the etiologic agents of sheeppox (SPP), goatpox (GTP), and lumpy skin disease (LSD), respectively. LSD, GTP, and SPP are endemic in Africa and Asia, causing severe disease outbreaks with significant economic losses in livestock. Incursions of SPP and LSD have occurred in Europe. Vaccination with live attenuated homologous and heterologous viruses are routinely implemented to control these diseases. Using the gold standard virus neutralization test, we studied the ability of homologous and heterologous sera to neutralize the SPPV and LSDV. We found that LSD and SPP sera effectively neutralize their homologous viruses, and GTP sera can neutralize SPPV. However, while LSD sera effectively neutralizes SPPV, SPP and GTP sera cannot neutralize the LSDV to the same extent. We discuss the implications of these observations in disease assay methodology and heterologous vaccine efficacy.
Anticoccidial and Antioxidant Activities of an Ethanolic Extract of Teucrium polium Leaves on Eimeria papillate-Infected Mice
Authors: Maodaa Saleh , Al-Shaebi Esam M. , Abdel-Gaber Rewaida , Alatawi Afaf , Alawwad Sarah , Alhomoud Dalal , Al-Quraishy Saleh
Published: July 2024

Eimeria spp. are responsible for the economic loss of both domestic and wild animals due to coccidiosis, the most common parasitic disease. The resistance to currently available drugs used to treat coccidiosis has been proven. Medicinal plants that contain physiologically active phytochemicals have been widely used in traditional medicine. Teucrium polium leaf extract (TPLE) has been shown to exhibit pharmacological, antioxidant, and anticoccidial properties in different experiments. Here, our investigation focused on how T. polium leaf extract affected the way that Eimeria papillate caused intestinal injury in mice. Thirty-five male Swiss albino mice were divided into seven groups, as follows: group I: untreated and uninfected (negative control); group II: uninfected, treated group with TPLE (150 mg/kg b.w); and group III: infected untreated (positive control). Groups III–VII were orally administered 103 sporulated E. papillata oocysts. A total of 60 min after infection, groups IV–VI were treated for five successive days with 50, 150, and 250 mg/kg b.w TPLE, respectively, while group VII was treated with amprolium (120 mg/kg b.w.). The mice had been euthanized on the fifth day post-infection, and the jejunum tissues were prepared for histology and oxidative stress studies. A total of 150 mg/kg of TPLE was the most effective dosage, significantly decreasing oocyst output by about 80.5%, accompanied by a significant reduction in the number of developmental parasitic phases in jejunal sections. In addition, the decrease in the number of goblet cells in the jejuna of mice raised after treatment. Also, TPLE greatly diminished the body weight loss of infected mice. Moreover, our research proved that TPLE reduced oxidative damage due to E. papillata infection via decreasing intestinal malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels and increasing reduced superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) levels. These results demonstrated that TPLE had potent anticoccidial properties. TPE’s efficacy as a natural antioxidant has also been demonstrated in reducing oxidative stress and enhancing antioxidant systems to mitigate biochemical and histological changes in the jejunum caused by E. papillata.
A Systematic Literature Review for Addressing Microplastic Fibre Pollution: Urgency and Opportunities
Authors: Chan Carmen Ka-Man , Lo Chris Kwan-Yu , Kan Chi-Wai
Published: July 2024

Microplastic fibre (MPF) pollution is a pressing concern that demands urgent attention. These tiny synthetic textile fibres can be found in various ecosystems, including water and air, and pose significant environmental risks. Despite their size (less than 5 mm), they can harm aquatic and terrestrial organisms and human health. Studies have demonstrated that these imperceptible pollutants can contaminate marine environments, thereby putting marine life at risk through ingestion and entanglement. Additionally, microplastic fibres can absorb toxins from the surrounding water, heightening their danger when consumed by aquatic organisms. Traces of MPFs have been identified in human food chains and organs. To effectively combat MPF pollution, it is crucial to understand how these fibres enter ecosystems and their sources. Primary sources include domestic laundry, where synthetic textile fibres are released into wastewater during washing. Other significant sources include industrial effluents, breakdown of plastic materials, and atmospheric deposition. Additionally, MPFs can be directly released into the environment by improperly disposing of consumer products containing these fibres, such as non-woven hygienic products. A comprehensive approach is necessary to address this pressing issue, including understanding the sources, pathways, and potential risks of MPFs. Immediate action is required to manage contamination and mitigate MPF pollution. This review paper provides a systematic literature analysis to help stakeholders prioritise efforts towards reducing MPFs. The key knowledge gaps identified include a lack of information regarding non-standardised test methodology and reporting units, and a lack of information on manufacturing processes and products, to increase understanding of life cycle impacts and real hotspots. Stakeholders urgently need collaborative efforts to address the systematic changes required to tackle this issue and address the proposed opportunities, including targeted government interventions and viable strategies for the industry sector to lead action.
Study on the Microstructure Evolution and Strength Deterioration of Powder Crystal Dolomite under Dissolution
Authors: Liu Wenlian , Ji Feng , Liu Pengen , Xu Hanhua , Meng Xiansen
Published: July 2024

To study the influence of water–rock interactions on the deterioration of rock, particularly the problems of the complex dissolution mechanism of dolomite and the difficulty in establishing chemical damage, dolomite obtained from a tunnel in Yuxi City was utilized. The macroscopic and microscopic dissolution characteristics of dolomite were analyzed using an indoor dissolution test combined with the hydrochemical characteristics of the study area, which were found to be favorable for dissolution. The dissolution of dolomite indicates the chemical decomposition of dolomite crystals, and the crystal failure mode is divided into intergranular dissolved pores and intracrystalline micropore development. Under various pH conditions, as H + is immersed in the rock sample, the failure mode of the rock sample develops from longitudinal cracks to transverse and longitudinal staggered cracks. Based on the aforementioned conclusions, in addition to the principle of chemical kinetics and the generalized Lemaitre strain equivalence principle, a damage model suitable for dolomite chemical erosion was defined. The fitting degree between the calculated value of uniaxial compressive strength and the experimental value reaches 98%, which is of excellent prediction accuracy and reliability. The model for dolomite chemical damage proposed herein provides a theoretical basis for dolomite dissolution damage; the theory of rock chemical damage is thereby enhanced.
Characteristics of Novel Heterotrophic Nitrification–Aerobic Denitrification Bacteria Bacillus subtilis F4 and Alcaligenes faecalis P4 Isolated from Landfill Leachate Biochemical Treatment System
Authors: Zhang Xuejun , Xu Peng , Lou Yajuan , Liu Yuqi , Shan Qiantong , Xiong Yi , Wei Hua , Song Jianyang
Published: July 2024

Heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification (HN-AD) bacteria are the key functional microorganisms needed to achieve simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND). In this study, 25 strains of HN-AD bacteria were successfully isolated from a stable landfill leachate biochemical treatment system, of which 10 strains belonged to Firmicutes and 15 strains belonged to Proteobacteria. Bacillus subtilis F4 and Alcaligenes faecalis P4 displayed good tolerance at a wide range of ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) concentrations. When the C/N ratio was 20, the removal rates of ammonia nitrogen were 90.1% and 89.5%, and the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rates were 92.4% and 93.9%, respectively. The napA gene encoding periplasmic nitrate reductase (Nap) and the nirS gene encoding nitrite reductase (Nir) were detected, and nitrogen balance showed assimilation and HN-AD was the main nitrogen metabolism mode in both strains. The use of immobilization materials could increase removal rate of ammonia nitrogen by 21.1% and 29.6%, respectively. The research results of this work can provide theoretical basis and technical support for the practical application of HN-AD bacteria to enhance the treatment of high ammonia nitrogen wastewater with high efficiency and low consumption.
Degradation of Diclofenac by Bisulfite Coupled with Iron and Manganous Ions: Dual Mechanism, DFT-Assisted Pathway Studies, and Toxicity Assessment
Authors: Wang Hongbin , Kuang Shijie , Su Youlun , Ren Xu , Yang Bowen , Sun Yongliang
Published: July 2024

Diclofenac (DCF) is often detected in diverse aquatic bodies, and ineffective management can lead to detrimental effects on human health and ecosystems. In this study, degradation of DCF by Fe(III) and Mn(II) activating bisulfite (BS) was investigated. In the Fe(III)/Mn(II)/BS system, 93.4% DCF was degraded at 200 μM BS within 120 s, and additional research on 1000 μM BS achieved 88.4% degradation efficacy. Moreover, kinetics fitting of DCF degradation with the different BS concentrations was studied to find the two highest reaction rates (200 and 1000 μM, kobs = 0.0297 and 0.0317 s−1, respectively). Whereafter, SO4•− and Mn(III) were identified as the main active species at these two concentrations, respectively. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations, molecular frontier orbital theory, and surface electrostatic potential (ESP) forecast electrophilic attack sites. DCF degradation pathways by radical and non-radical ways were proposed by attack site prediction and thirteen intermediates identified by UPLC-QTOF-MS. ECOSAR software 2.2 was used for toxicity assessment. This work studied DCF degradation by the Fe(III)/Mn(II)/BS process in the presence of different concentrations of BS, providing a new insight into water purification.
Recovery of Time Series of Water Volume in Lake Ranco (South Chile) through Satellite Altimetry and Its Relationship with Climatic Phenomena
Authors: Fuentes-Aguilera Patricio , Rodríguez-López Lien , Bourrel Luc , Frappart Frédéric
Published: July 2024

In the context of escalating climate change-induced impacts on water resources, robust monitoring tools are imperative. Satellite altimetry, benefiting from technical improvement such as the use of SAR and InSAR techniques and tracking modes considering topography, is emerging as a crucial means of estimating lake levels, data that are fundamental to understanding climate dynamics. This study delves into the use of satellite-altimetry-determined water levels to analyze changes in water storage and superficial area in Lake Ranco, in south-central Chile, from 1995 to 2023. The main objective is to provide valuable information for water-resource management and policy formulation. Leveraging AlTiS software (v2.2.9-0-gf5938ab), radar-altimetry data from the missions ERS-2, ENVISAT, SARAL, and Sentinel-3A were processed, generating a complete time series of water levels. The lake-level data were complemented by the bathymetric data for the lake to obtain the variation in the area and volume in the period 1995–2023. These results were analyzed with respect to hydrometeorological data from the study area, such as precipitation, temperature, relative humidity, and potential evapotranspiration. Additionally, the effects of ENSO (ENSO 3.4 index) and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation index (PDO) were considered. Results reveal a strong correlation between altimetry-derived lake levels and observed in situ data, with a mean square error of 0.04 m, a coefficient of determination of 0.99, an index of agreement of 0.99, and a Kling−Gupta efficiency of 0.90. The analysis of climatic variables showed that variations in lake level coincide with changes in precipitation within the study area and also showed the influence of variations in temperature and potential evapotranspiration. Additionally, the effects of the ENSO phenomenon can be seen within the study area for its cold phase (i.e., La Niña) in the 2010–2012 period and for its warm phase (i.e., El Niño) in the 2015–2016 period, with a decrease and increase in precipitation, respectively. These effects were enhanced when the cold and warm phases of the ENSO and PDO phenomena occured. The successful application of satellite altimetry demonstrated in this study underscores its critical role in advancing our understanding and management of water resources amidst changing climate scenarios.
Probability-Based Propagation Characteristics from Meteorological to Hydrological Drought and Their Dynamics in the Wei River Basin, China
Authors: Du Meng , Liu Yongjia , Huang Shengzhi , Zheng Hao , Huang Qiang
Published: July 2024

Understanding the propagation characteristics and driving factors from meteorological drought to hydrological drought is essential for alleviating drought and for early warning systems regarding drought. This study focused on the Weihe River basin (WRB) and its two subregions (the Jinghe River (JRB) and the middle reaches of the Weihe River (MWRB)), utilizing the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardized Runoff Index (SRI) to characterize meteorological and hydrological drought, respectively. Based on Copula theory and conditional probability, a quantification model for the propagation time (PT) of meteorological–hydrological drought was constructed. The dynamic characteristics of PT on annual and seasonal scales were explored. Additionally, the influences of different seasonal meteorological factors and underlying surface factors on the dynamic changes in PT were analyzed. The main conclusions were as follows: (1) The PT of meteorological–hydrological drought was characterized by faster propagation during the hot months (June–September) and slower propagation during the cold months (December to March of the following year); (2) Under the same level of hydrological drought, as the level of meteorological drought increases, the PT of the drought shortens. The propagation thresholds of meteorological to hydrological drought in the WRB, the JRB, and the MWRB are −0.69, −0.81, and −0.78, respectively. (3) In the dynamic changes in PT, the WRB showed a non-significant decrease; however, both the JRB and the MWRB exhibited a significant increase in PT across different drought levels. (4) The influence of the water and heat status during spring, summer, and winter on PT was more pronounced, while in autumn, the impact of the basin’s water storage and discharge status was more significant in the JRB and the MWRB.
Enhancing Urban Flood Forecasting: Integrating Weather Forecasts and Hydrological Models
Authors: Liu Yebing , Wang Luoyang , Lou Yihan , Hu Tangao , Wu Jiaxi , Xu Huiyan
Published: July 2024

Precipitation data in urban hydrological models are derived from an ideal stormwater model, which has some uncertainties and limited prediction times. Therefore, to reliably forecast urban flooding, prolong prediction time periods, and better support associated research in urban flood forecasting, a combination of weather forecasts and urban hydrology is necessary. By applying comprehensive cloud microphysical schemes in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to the predecessor torrential rainfall associated with Typhoon Khanun (2017), this study evaluated different configurations of atmospheric-hydrological simulations based on the WRF model and InfoWorks ICM. Results showed that the microphysics scheme could significantly affect spatial and temporal distributions of the simulated torrential rainfall. Generally, the combination of WRF and NSSL schemes produced better performance. Applying the NSSL scheme to the WRF model and combining it with the InfoWorks ICM system can reproduce torrential rainfall and urban flood formations.
Participation of Local Communities in the Management of Post-Mine Areas in Cities
Authors: Józefowicz Iwona , Michniewicz-Ankiersztajn Hanna , Rurek Mirosław
Published: July 2024

The management of post-mining reservoirs as part of urban blue infrastructure is linked to the implementation of pro-environmental policies at different levels (from local–municipal to European). Local communities, as beneficiaries of measures taken by city authorities, recognise the need for active participation in decision-making processes. They engage in making decisions on blue spaces in urban areas. These include public and natural watercourses and their surroundings, but also water-filled basins of various origins, including post-mining pits. This paper strives to answer how local communities are involved in activities for developing and managing post-mine areas filled with water within city limits. The methods used (including field observation, spatial analyses, and desk research) allowed us to classify post-mining pits according to their functions and the degree of social participation in their development process. The analysed post-mining pits were divided into three groups. The first group consisted of pit reservoirs transformed with the participation of local inhabitants into recreational grounds. The second comprised reservoirs transformed under local zoning plans (with residents consulted) expected to ultimately prop up the city’s green infrastructure. In turn, the third group consists of quasi-natural reservoirs deemed natural enclaves by city residents. The environmental analysis showed that pits were naturalised. One of them was subject to legal protection on account of biodiversity. Post-mine areas in Bydgoszcz play an important environmental role, and some are integral recreational sites, e.g., the Balaton reservoir. They materially affect the inhabitants’ daily contact with nature, which improves life quality.
Turkish Language Prospective Teachers’ Perceptions of Metaphors Regarding Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Savaşkan Vafa
Published: July 2024

The concept of Artificial Intelligence (AI) initially emerged as a term in the field of computer science. In the subsequent years, this concept transcended its origins and became relevant across various domains of human life. Nowadays, it’s possible to encounter AI in nearly every aspect of human life. In this context, it’s considered noteworthy to examine individuals’ metaphorical perceptions of AI. Accordingly, the purpose of the research is determined as the investigation of Turkish prospective teachers’ metaphorical perceptions of AI. Phenomenology, a qualitative research method, is employed in the study. The study group consists of 115 voluntary Turkish prospective teachers, 94 of whom are female and 21 are male, studying at the Faculty of Education at Artvin Çoruh University. Among the prospective teachers, 36 are first-year students, 37 are second-year students, 26 are third-year students, and 16 are fourth-year students. Data for the research are collected through semi-structured interview forms prepared by the researchers. Content analysis method is used for data analysis, and the data are presented by tabulating them along with frequency values. The analysis reveals that 115 Turkish language prospective teachers produced a total of 110 metaphors. Among these metaphors, 21 belong to male prospective teachers, while 89 belong to female prospective teachers. Metaphors such as human (f19), robot (f10), future (f4), ocean (f3), storm (f2), spring (f2), assistant (f4) are found to be generated by both female and male prospective teachers. In addition to positive metaphors, Turkish language prospective teachers also generated negative metaphors like threat (f2), massacre (f1), monster (f1), etc., concerning AI. Consequently, although Turkish language prospective teachers developed some negative metaphors, it’s observed that their perceptions of AI are predominantly positive.
Age Features of Wideband Absorption of Acoustic Signal by Middle Ear Structures
Authors: Мачалов А.С. , Канафьев Д.М. , Сапожников Я.М. , Мареев В.В. , Карпов В.Л.
Published: July 2024

Введение. Структуры наружного и среднего уха новорожденного ребенка незрелы при рождении, что отражается на остроте его слуха. Слуховая система проходит анатомическое и функциональное развитие. Период наиболее быстрого развития приходится на период от рождения до трехлетнего возраста. Изменения в процессе взросления не могут не повлиять на показатели широкополосного поглощения сигнала у детей. Цель. Изучить показатели широкополосного поглощения сигнала у детей в процессе взросления. Материалы и методы. Для определения разницы между широкополосным поглощением структур среднего уха в различных возрастных группах нами были обследованы 60 пациентов в возрасте от 1 года до 18 лет, не имеющих патологических изменений со стороны органа слуха. Удовлетворяющим критериям отбора пациентам проводилась широкополосная тимпанометрия с использованием прибора Interacoustics Titan клинической версии. Результаты. На основании проведенного исследования было установлено, что чем меньше ребенок, тем меньше абсорбанс на частотах от 0,25 до 2 кГц. В то же самое время на частотах от 2 до 6 кГц широкополосное поглощение акустического сигнала у детей от 1 года до 11 лет показало одинаково высокие значения (более высокие, чем у взрослых). Показатели пациентов от 12 до 18 лет соответствовали показателям абсорбанса взрослых. Заключение. При проведении широкополосной тимпанометрии в детском возрасте возраст пациента должен учитываться.

Introduction. The outer and middle ear of a newborn is immature at birth. The peripheral auditory system goes through a period of most rapid development from birth to 3 years of age. The above changes in the process of growing up cannot but affect the indicators of broadband signal absorption in children in the process of growing up. Purpose. To study the indicators of broadband signal absorption in children as they grow up. Materials and methods. To determine the difference between the broadband absorption of the structures of the middle ear in different age groups, 60 patients aged 1 to 18 years who did not have pathological changes in the organ of hearing were examined. Eligible patients underwent broadband tympanometry. The Interacoustics Titan clinical version was used for this measurement. Results. The study revealed that the smaller the child, the lower the absorption at frequencies from 0.25 to 2 kHz. At the same time, at frequencies from 2 to 6 kHz, the broadband absorption of the acoustic signal in children from 1 to 11 years old showed equally high values, even higher than in adults. Patients from 12 to 18 years of age corresponded to the absorption rates of adults. Conclusion. From all of the above, we can conclude that the age of the patient should be taken into account when conducting broadband tympanometry in childhood.
REACTIVITY OF THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM UNDER ADVERSE EFFECTS
Authors: Ким А. Е. ,   Kirov Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg, Russia, Шустов Е. Б. , Цыган В. Н. , Лемещенко А. В. , Борисова И. В. ,   Golikov Research Clinical Center of Toxicology under the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Saint Petersburg, Russia,   Kirov Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg, Russia,   Kirov Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg, Russia,   Kirov Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: July 2024

The study aims to determine how the reactivity of the autonomic nervous system contributes to the body’s multidrug resistance to adverse environmental effects. Volunteers were subjected to hypoxia simulation in an altitude chamber at 4 500 m and hyperthermia simulation by being exposed to a heating microclimate (40°, humidity 60–70 %). A spectral analysis of heart rhythm was used during a 5-minute continuous ECG recording to assess the characteristics of autonomic regulation. Regular changes in the frequencies and amplitudes of the leading peaks of the Fourier analysis of heart rate variability were revealed, indicating a rapid onset of the activity of the diencephalic centers of autonomic regulation and endocrine peripheral influences under adverse environmental conditions. The activity of parasympathetic regulation centers either was reduced or did not show significant dynamics. The study detected correlations between changes in the parameters of the spectral analysis of the heart rhythm and the main indicators of the state of the central nervous system, emodynamics, and pulmonary ventilation in healthy volunteers exposed to hypoxia or hyperthermia. Thus, it is possible to consider the reactivity of autonomic regulation as a modifying factor in the body’s resistance to extreme effects.
THE ROLE OF A PERINATAL CENTER IN A MULTIDISCIPLINARY HOSPITAL IN THE PREVENTION OF MATERNAL MORTALITY CAUSED BY OBSTETRIC BLEEDING: THEN AND NOW
Authors: Васильковская Е. Н. ,   Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia, Каспарова А. Э. , Медведева С. А. , Ганбарова Э. М. ,   District Clinical Hospital, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia,   Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia,   District Clinical Hospital, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia,   Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia,   Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia
Published: July 2024

The study aims to evaluate the role of a perinatal center in a multidisciplinary hospital in the prevention of maternal mortality caused by obstetric bleeding. The study used the continuous sampling method to conduct a retrospective analysis of 185 cases of pregnancies and their outcomes in women with obstetric bleeding during pregnancy, labor, and the postpartum period treated at the Perinatal Center in Khanty-Masiysk from 2010 to 2011 and from 2019 to 2020. It was identified that primary risk factors for maternal mortality due to obstetric bleeding include iron deficiency anemia; gestational diabetes mellitus with complications; four or five pregnancies in anamnesis; and one to three scars on a uterus, which are the most significant risk factors for obstetric bleeding. From 2019 to 2020, there was a 1.3-fold increase in cases of premature detachment of normally situated placentas and a 2.5-fold increase in cases of placenta praevia with bleeding and fused placentas in the structure of hemorrhage. Taking into account existing risk factors, identifying a group of near miss cases and timely routing of patients to a level 3 medical facility is a necessary condition for preventing maternal mortality.
Dimensi Bernalar Kritis: Strategi dan Tantangan Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila di Kelas V
Authors: Meisya Kamaulidya  , Iis Nurasiah  , Arsyi Rizqia Amalia
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini menginvestigasi dimensi bernalar kritis dalam profil pelajar pancasila di kelas V, dengan fokus pada identifikasi strategi efektif dan tantangan dalam penguatannya. Strategi yang dieksplorasi peneliti menunjukan bahwa pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek, Diskusi,Refleksi dan Penggunaan Teknologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek menjadi strategi efektif dalam mengembangkan kemampuan bernalar kritis peserta didik, terutama dalam menganalisis informasi meningkatkan motivasi peserta didik dianggap sebagai kunci untuk berhasilnya penguatan dimensi bernalar kritis. penelitian ini memberikan wawasan mendalam mengenai strategi yang efektif dan tantangan yang dihadapi dalam memperkuat dimensi bernalar kritis pada profil pelajar pancasila di kelas V. Implikasi penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai dasar untuk perbaikan dalam pendekatan pembelajaran dan pengembangan strategi pendidikan yang lebih efektif.
PENYULUHAN PENCEGAHAN CACINGAN PADA MASYARAKAT DI DESA SUNGAI KUNYIT HULU, KABUPATEN MEMPAWAH
Authors: Dermawan Abdurraafi' Maududi , Dwisari Fath , Sa'adah Fitri Khotimatus , Utari Tri
Published: July 2024

Worm infection is a disease caused by the transmission of Soil Transmitted Helminth (STH) parasites. Currently, deworming control, especially in rural communities, which involves government control and local health centers in tackling worm infections, is limited. Therefore, strategies are needed to control worm infections. The actions that can be taken to prevent worm infections are promotive and preventive. One of these strategies is realized through the implementation of promotive and preventive measures. The education was conducted on October 13, 2022. The number of participants who attended the counseling was 19 people consisting of Posyandu volunteers and residents of Sungai Kunyit Hulu Village. Based on the results of the questionnaire, an average of 86.32% of participants already knew about worms, symptoms, and characteristics of worms in children, causes, and ways to prevent worms. In addition, the post-test results showed that 94.7% of participants were able to answer correctly questions related to the causes of worms, 100% of participants were able to answer correctly about the characteristics of children infected with worms, 89.47% of participants answered correctly how to prevent worms and 100% of participants answered correctly the actions that must be taken if symptoms of worms are found.
Plebs i ironia
Authors: Zieliński Mateusz
Published: July 2024

The article examines, from the perspective of representation theory, the place of the idea of unrepresentable groups and individuals in contemporary liberal democracies. The author juxtaposes Ernesto Laclaus’ radical theory of populism with Michael Saward’s liberal theory of representative claims. The analysis traces the discursive shift from “demand-side” to “supply-side” representation theory, illustrating how the logic of this shift leads to an “inflation of representation”, where the representation obtained ultimately does not bring fulfilment. The author’s assumption is that the influence of new media creates a paradoxical situation in which the radical heterogeneity of the plebs returns at the level of individual experiences, revealing the internal contradiction of desires and interests of individuals. Although this becomes a source of potential abuse, it also harbours the potential for political subversion, identified in the article as the triumph of plebeian irony.
Władza przypadkowa czy wypadkowa?
Authors: Kampka Agnieszka
Published: July 2024

Taking the fandom of the Korean band BTS as an example, the article describes new opportunities for communicative influence by ordinary social media users. Based on a literature review and an analysis of the fandom’s activities, the author discusses the specific challenges of media competence in social media, and reflects on the potential forms and purposes of the new digital mass.
Migracje jako akt zbiorowy. Studium przypadków
Authors: Adamczyk Anita
Published: July 2024

The 21st century became a period of mass migration, which had to do with the „shrinking of the world” through globalization, the development of means of transport and communication. In 2015 and 2016, Europe experienced its first migration crisis. The next occurred in 2021 and 2022. Forecasts for Europe in this regard are not optimistic. from which it can be concluded that we will experience further crowds of migrants at the external borders of the EU. The purpose of this article is to analyze migration to EU countries in the context of a collective act. In it, the thesis is put forward that being in a crowd increases the chances of the migrants’ intentions being realized. The article is divided into three parts. In the first, it analyzed the processes of psychological behavior in a crowd based mainly on Gustav Le Bon’s theory. Next, the migration crises of 2015 and 2021 were explored in the context of the migrant crowd. In turn, the last part deals with the so-called the „Caravan of Light” that is, the attempt by Syrians from Turkey to the EU to undertake collective migration in 2022.
O sojuszu amerykańsko-indyjskim w XXI wieku. Lekcja z historii wojny indyjsko-chińskiej 1962 roku
Authors: Kłodkowski Piotr
Published: July 2024

The article discusses the problem of the American-Indian alliance in the Indo-Pacific region as a response to the expansionist policies of China. The author, referring to selected opinions and analyses, points to a certain “strategic deficit” of such an alliance and draws attention to its possible limitations. He evokes a very important historical context: the Sino-Indian War of 1962 and US-British military aid to India. Quoting declassified American/Indian documents, the author emphasizes the decisive role of President Kennedy and Prime Minister Macmillan in ending the conflict. He suggests that this half--forgotten precedent could be used in the process of strengthening current US-Indian relations.
Proces karny Stanisława Barańczaka
Authors: Łuczak Maciej
Published: July 2024

Stanisław Barańczak was an Polish outstanding poet, translator and literary scholar. In 1976, he became involved in the defense of workers repressed after the protests in Radom and Ursus in Poland. He was a co-founder of the Workers’ Defense Committee. All its members were placed under surveillance by the Communist Security Service. In December 1976, Barańczak, not having his own apartment, bought a share in the property. Under the regulations of that time, the commune had the right of pre-emption. During a meeting on this matter, Barańczak heard that the commune would most likely not use this right. Then, as was the accepted practice, he wanted to give a monetary donation. This event became the basis for accusing the poet of paying a bribe. On February 14, 1977, Stanisław Barańczak was sentenced to one year’s imprisonment with its conditional suspension for three years. The consequence of this verdict was his relegation from the university where he worked. The criminal proceedings against Barańczak were part of the severe repression used against democratic opposition activists during the times of the Polish People’s Republic. The poet – only after the political changes in August 1980 – received a passport and was able to leave the country and take up the chair of polish literature at Harvard University.