bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anomalisa e o ensino da comunicação clínica na prática médica
Authors: Stelet Bruno Pereira , Castiel Luis David , Moraes Danielle Ribeiro de
Published: March 2017

Resumo: Partindo de reflexões do filme Anomalisa e apoiando-se no conceito foucaultiano de biopoder, este ensaio discute os limites do ensino de habilidades de comunicação clínica na formação em medicina. A comunicação com pacientes não se relaciona ao uso (ou não-uso) de certas frases ou de determinado estilo de conversa, mas significa a busca de uma maneira de interagir com o outro em meio à desordem do mundo, à arrebatadora onda de sofrimento e ao intervalo de tempo assustador entre a vida e a morte. Nesse cenário em que figuram as tecnobiociências e imperam as evidências científicas, para além dos protocolos ou da padronização dos modos de se praticar a clínica, propõe-se um debate sobre o ensino da comunicação com ênfase na produção de subjetividades, de modo a veicular um chamamento à reflexão sobre valores desejáveis para a atuação no campo da saúde.
Usuários de Crack que Buscam Tratamento em Brasília
Authors: Conceição Maria Inês Gandolfo , Cardona Hannya Herrera , Assis Jaqueline Tavares , Mohr Rebeca Rocha , Sudbrack Maria Fátima Olivier , Strike Carol
Published: March 2017

RESUMO Objetivando identificar o perfil de pacientes ambulatoriais que procuram tratamento para problemas relacionados com crack em Brasília, 132 usuários que recebem serviços psicológicos preencheram o Questionário sobre o Perfil de Consumo de Crack e o Cocaine Craving Questionnaire-Brief. Os participantes eram homens (83,6%), solteiros (38,8%) e possuíam residência (100%). O primeiro uso foi motivado pela curiosidade (65,9%), influência dos pares (58,3%) e fácil acesso (50,8%). A maioria (65,2%) relatou poliuso. O mais longo período de abstinência foi de quatro anos (1,5%) e a maioria (46%) relatou menos de 30 dias. O poder letal, dependência e contextos de vulnerabilidade social associados ao crack foram questionados neste estudo. São necessários esforços para melhor atender aos que não acessam o sistema de tratamento.
Replacement of raw soybean with roasted soybean increased milk production in Holstein cows
Authors: Dias Júnior Gilson Sebastião , Silveira Vítor Augusto , Ascari Ivan Júnior , Pereira Renata Apocalypse Nogueira , Danés Marina de Arruda Camargo , Pereira Marcos Neves
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of total replacement of raw whole soybean (RAW) for roastedwhole soybean (ROS) on the production performance of Holstein cows. Two experiments were carried out usinga simple reversal design where RAW has been completely replaced by ROS. In experiment 1, 22 cows (175±60 days in milk)were used, and the dietary inclusion level of RAW or ROS was 3.7% of dry matter (DM). In experiment 2, 16 cows (130±50 days in milk)were used, and thedietary inclusion level of RAW or ROS was 11% of DM. In both experiments, ROS increased milk production by 1.1kgday-1 without changing fat and protein production. Dry matter intake or milk urea nitrogenwere not affected by dietary soy source. In experiment 2, plasma glucose concentration was decreased, and allantoin/creatinine ratio in urine tended to decreasein ROS. Experiment 2 also evaluated the nutrient digestibility and ruminal degradation kinetics of crude protein in two soybean sources. Roasting had no effect on the digestibility of DM, organic matter, and neutral detergent fiber. Roasted whole soybean hadgreater fraction B and lower protein degradation rate than did RAW; this showed that heat treatment was effective in increasing therumen undegradable amino acid flowto the animal, which suggesteda potential mechanism of action for improved performance observed in ROS.
Chemical fractionation of carbohydrate and protein composition of corn silages fertilized with increasing doses of nitrogen
Authors: Neumann Mikael , Nörnberg José Laerte , Leão Guilherme Fernando Mattos , Horst Egon Henrique , Figueira Danúbia Nogueira
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT: The use of nitrogen fertilizers in corn crops for silage can improve both production and, theoretically, nutritional quality, especially carbohydrate and protein fractions, thereby optimizing animal production. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of increasing levels of nitrogen fertilization in carbohydrate and protein fractionation on the resulting corn silage (Zea mays L.). Nitrogen fertilization was carried out in the urea form (45-00-00) in V5 stage, at the following doses: T1: 0kg N ha-1; T2: 45kg N ha-1; T3: 90kg N ha-1; and T4: 135kg N ha-1. Crops were harvested at R4 stage and submitted to ensiling in experimental PVC silos. The chemical composition of the resulting silage was evaluated after silo opening. There was no statistical difference (P<0.05) in the average contents of gross protein (GP), as well as its C fraction, showing that increasing nitrogen doses in coverage linearly increased GP and linearly decreased its C fraction. For total carbohydrates, there was a linear decreasing behavior due to such consumption with the highest levels of nitrogen applied. Increased nitrogen fertilization dose in corn also linearly enhanced pH in the resulting silage. Therefore, nitrogen increases in coverage can alter carbohydrates and GP fractionation of corn silage, with increases in soluble fiber, GP, and pH, and reduction in the protein indigestible fraction.
Facial nerve ganglioneuroblastoma in a feline leukemia virus-positive cat
Authors: Pereira Paula Reis , Tagliari Nelson Junior , Leite-Filho Ronaldo Viana , Schaefer Gabriela da Cruz , Costa Fernanda Vieira Amorim da , Pavarini Saulo Petinatti
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT: Neuroblastic tumors can originate from the central neuraxis, olfactory epithelium, adrenal medullary region or autonomous system. Ganglioneuroblastoma are a type of neuroblastic tumor, with very few case descriptions in animals. Diagnosis of facial nerve ganglioneuroblastoma was made in a feline leukemia virus-positive 11-month-old cat. The cat had hyporexia, left head tilt, depressed mental state, horizontal nystagmus, inability to retract the pinched left lip, anisocoria, ptosis, and absence of the menace reflex. Gross necropsy showed a mass at the left facial nerve root region. Histological examination of this mass showed neoplastic proliferation of neuroblasts arranged in a cohesive pattern and mature ganglion cells. Ganglion cells were positive for neurofilament, neuron-specific enolase, S100, and glial fibrillary acidic protein by immunohistochemistry, while neuroblasts were positive for vimentin, S100, neuron-specific enolase and feline leukemia virus.
Tratamento de um mastocitoma de alto grau na língua de um cão por meio de radioterapia e quimioterapia: relato de caso
Authors: Cunha S.C.S. , Corgozinho K.B. , Valga S. , Ferreira A.M.R.
Published: March 2017

RESUMO Um canino da raça Boxer, fêmea, de oito anos de idade, foi atendido com salivação, halitose e disfagia. No exame clínico, foi observada uma massa ulcerada no terço médio da língua medindo 3,5 x 4,0cm. A histopatologia e a imuno-histoquímica levaram ao diagnóstico de um mastocitoma de alto grau. O tratamento cirúrgico (glossectomia parcial) foi declinado pelo proprietário, sendo a radioterapia indicada em seu lugar. O protocolo radioterápico empregado foi 15 frações de 300cGy, realizadas cinco vezes por semana. O equipamento utilizado foi de ortovoltagem. A lesão neoplásica apresentou remissão clínica completa a partir da quarta sessão radioterápica. O único efeito colateral observado foi mucosite leve na região irradiada, que, entretanto, não levou a sintomas clínicos. A quimioterapia sistêmica consistiu de vimblastina e lomustina, alternadas a cada 14 dias, durante quatro meses. Até o momento (22 meses após o tratamento), não há evidências de recidiva local ou metástases do mastocitoma. A associação da radioterapia e da quimioterapia pode ser considerada uma alternativa terapêutica nos casos de mastocitomas irressecáveis, já que, neste caso, levou à remissão completa e duradoura de um tumor agressivo, com ótima tolerância do paciente ao tratamento e posterior qualidade de vida.
Zeólitas naturais na dieta de frangos de corte
Authors: Schneider A.F. , Yuri F.M. , Almeida D.S. , Roeder J.V.C. , Xavier J.S. , Gewehr C.E.
Published: March 2017

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da inclusão de 0,5% da zeólita natural clinoptilolita na dieta de frangos de corte sobre o consumo de água, ração e características das excretas. Foi conduzido um ensaio em gaiolas metabólicas, com frangos de corte de linhagem comercial, no período de 14 a 23 dias de idade. O experimento foi constituído de dois grupos de aves, sendo que um recebeu dieta sem inclusão de zeólitas (controle) e outro dieta com inclusão de 0,5% de zeólita (clinoptilolita) em rações isonutritivas, em um delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com 10 repetições de 10 aves. Avaliou-se o consumo de água e de ração, nas excretas, pH, teor de nitrogênio total e umidade. A inclusão de 0,5% de zeólitas naturais na dieta não alterou (P>0,05) o consumo de água e de ração e o teor de nitrogênio das excretas, entretanto, reduziu (P<0,05) o pH e a umidade das excretas. Conclui-se que a inclusão de 0,5% de zeólitas naturais na dieta de frangos de corte reduz o pH e a umidade das excretas e pode ser utilizada como aditivo alimentar sem prejudicar o consumo de água e de ração.
Dietas pós-eclosão suplementadas com fontes de gordura e acrescidas de taurina e glicina sobre a morfometria intestinal e o desempenho de frangos de corte de um a 21 dias
Authors: Fernandes J.I.M. , Rorig A. , Gottardo E.T. , Schmidt J.M. , Burin Júnior A.M. , Fülber L.M.
Published: March 2017

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito do fornecimento de dietas pós-eclosão suplementadas com diferentes fontes de gordura insaturada e adicionadas ou não de taurina e glicina sobre o desempenho produtivo, a biometria e a morfometria do intestino delgado de pintos de corte de um a 21 dias de idade. Foram utilizados 480 pintos de corte machos de um dia de idade da linhagem Cobb. O delineamento foi inteiramente ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 2 x 4, com e sem suplementação de taurina e glicina e quatro dietas (controle, óleo de peixe, de soja e de girassol), totalizando oito tratamentos com seis repetições de 10 aves cada. As rações experimentais foram fornecidas de zero a quatro dias de idade. O desempenho zootécnico foi avaliado ao alojamento e aos quatro, sete e 21 dias de idade. Nestas mesmas datas, foram sacrificadas duas aves por unidade experimental para biometria do intestino e histomorfometria da mucosa do intestino. A adição de diferentes fontes de gordura e a suplementação de glicina e taurina às dietas de transição não influenciaram o desempenho produtivo de um a 21 dias. A suplementação das dietas com glicina e taurina alterou a morfologia da mucosa intestinal, principalmente do duodeno, resultando em maior comprimento do vilo e relação vilo:cripta. Entretanto, parte dos efeitos positivos depende do tipo de óleo adicionado, mostrando que dietas pós-eclosão acrescidas de fontes de lipídios podem ser benéficas no desenvolvimento da capacidade funcional do intestino de frangos de corte.
Leiomiossarcoma gástrico associado a hérnia de hiato em cão da raça Shar-pei: relato de caso
Authors: Prado L.O.C. , Franco G.G. , Legatti E. , Ranzani J.J.T. , Quitzan J.G. , Siqueira E.G.M. , Souza J.A.L. , Minto B.W. , Brandão C.V.S.
Published: March 2017

RESUMO Os tumores do sistema digestório não são comuns na medicina veterinária e as neoplasias de estômago representam menos de 1% de todos os tumores malignos. O leiomiossarcoma é o segundo tumor que mais acomete o trato gastrointestinal de cães, com predisposição para as regiões de jejuno e ceco, mas qualquer porção pode ser afetada, desde o esôfago até o reto. O presente trabalho relata um caso em um canino da raça Shar-pei, macho, com 13 anos de idade e histórico de episódios eméticos pós- prandiais e emagrecimento progressivo havia oito meses. Após avaliação radiográfica e endoscópica, foi indicada intervenção cirúrgica e observada tumoração gástrica associada a hérnia de hiato. O diagnóstico de leiomiossarcoma gástrico foi estabelecido por meio de análise histopatológica. O paciente apresentou pouco tempo de sobrevida, entretanto destaca-se a raridade desse tipo de neoplasia gástrica e da associação desse tipo tumoral com hérnias de hiato, assim como a importância da análise histopatológica para o correto diagnóstico desse tipo de patologia.
Biochemical composition of the hoof capsule of buffaloes and its influence on hoof quality
Authors: Assis B.M. , Vulcani V.A.S. , Silva L.A.F. , Dias M. , Pancotti A. , Lima C.R.O. , Rabelo R.E.
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to establish the biochemical parameters of the abaxial wall, dorsal wall and sole of the hoof of the medial thoracic, lateral, and medial pelvic digits of buffalos. The hoof samples were subjected to destructive biochemical analyses to identify the dry material (DM), mineral matter (MM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP) and ether extract (EE) contents. Sulfur (S), calcium (Ca), potassium (K), phosphorus (P), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) levels were determined based on nondestructive biochemical analyses. The parameters of dry material, mineral matter, organic matter, crude protein and ether extract of hoof capsule of the digits of buffalos can be determined by means of both destructive and nondestructive biochemical analysis. In addition, this study revealed that the highest concentrations of DM, CP and minerals such as, K, Zn and Cu are concentrated in the digits that bear the greatest body mass weight, suggesting that there is a positive correlation between the aforementioned parameters and the strength and growth of the hoof capsule in the digits. As for the element S, this study demonstrated that its highest concentration is located in the lateral digits of the pelvic members.
DISPOSITIVO DAS DROGAS E GOVERNO DA VIDA
Authors: Silva Wanderson Vilton , Hüning Simone Maria
Published: March 2017

Resumo Na perspectiva da Psicologia Social em diálogo com as teorizações de Michel Foucault e Giorgio Agamben, o objetivo deste artigo é problematizar de que maneira as drogas são constituídas como explicação para assassinatos de moradores de rua, construindo práticas e discursos relacionados ao governo da vida e da morte nas cidades. O material que apresentamos consiste em textos midiáticos e documentos públicos elaborados entre julho de 2010 e novembro de 2012 abordando tais assassinatos. Analisamos como o dispositivo das drogas formula uma ambiguidade e uma complexidade importantes para o governo dos moradores de rua a partir da construção de oposições: criminoso ou em situação de vulnerabilidade social. Procuramos contribuir criticamente com políticas públicas que visem os diversos modos de existir na cidade, pensar os espaços urbanos, os modos de governo e os processos de subjetivação, considerando a análise da ambiguidade e da complexidade produzidas em torno do dispositivo das drogas.
Bibliometria da fisioterapia no Brasil: uma análise baseada nas especialidades da profissão
Authors: Tolves Tainara , Righi Geovana de Almeida , Balbinot Iago , Signori Luis Ulisses , Silva Antônio Marcos Vargas da
Published: March 2017

RESUMO A fisioterapia carece de análises bibliométricas que relatem os aspectos mais relevantes da produção científica, bem como o perfil das publicações das diversas especialidades da profissão. Esta análise bibliométrica objetivou avaliar os artigos publicados em periódicos brasileiros na área da fisioterapia e verificar sua relação com as especialidades da profissão. Este estudo transversal envolveu 15 periódicos com algum enfoque na área de fisioterapia, considerando os artigos publicados entre 2011 e 2014. Os dados dos periódicos foram coletados em cada home page. Foram analisados os artigos classificados dentre as especialidades da fisioterapia, reconhecidas pelo Conselho Federal de Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional. A região Sudeste apresentou o maior número de periódicos e a maior produção científica. O Qualis B1 e B4 foram os mais frequentes. Dentre os 2.683 artigos encontrados, 1.664 (62%) estiveram vinculados à área de fisioterapia. O tempo entre submissão e aceite foi de 157 (68-243) dias e do aceite à publicação de 109 (60-177) dias. A fisioterapia traumato-ortopédica concentrou o maior número de publicações (34,3%). As pesquisas quantitativas (80,8%) e com seres humanos (83,9%), bem como a estatística inferencial (67,7%), foram as mais frequentes e predominaram dentre as especialidades. A fisioterapia permanece em ascensão quanto à quantidade e qualidade de suas pesquisas no Brasil, vislumbrando o crescimento da prática profissional baseada em evidência nas suas diversas especialidades. Porém, o tempo até a publicação dos artigos ainda é demorado. A maior prevalência de pesquisas quantitativas e de estatística inferencial pode promover avanços substanciais à profissão.
Colon Cancer Screening among Patients Receiving Dialysis in the United States: Are We Choosing Wisely?
Authors: Carlos Christopher A. , McCulloch Charles E. , Hsu Chi-yuan , Grimes Barbara , Pavkov Meda E. , Burrows Nilka R. , Shahinian Vahakn B. , Saran Rajiv , Powe Neil R. , Johansen Kirsten L. ,   for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Chronic Kidney Disease Surveillance Team
Published: March 2017

The American Society of Nephrology recommends against routine cancer screening among asymptomatic patients receiving maintenance dialysis on the basis of limited survival benefit. To determine the frequency of colorectal cancer screening among patients on dialysis and the extent to which screening tests were targeted toward patients at lower risk of death and higher likelihood of receiving a kidney transplant, we performed a cohort study of 469,574 Medicare beneficiaries ages ≥50 years old who received dialysis between January 1, 2007 and September 30, 2012. We examined colorectal cancer screening tests according to quartiles of risk of mortality and kidney transplant on the basis of multivariable Cox modeling. Over a median follow-up of 1.5 years, 11.6% of patients received a colon cancer screening test (57.9 tests per 1000 person-years). Incidence rates of colonoscopy, flexible sigmoidoscopy, and fecal occult blood test were 27.9, 0.6, and 29.5 per 1000 person-years, respectively. Patients in the lowest quartile of mortality risk were more likely to be screened than those in the highest quartile (hazard ratio, 1.53; 95% confidence interval, 1.49 to 1.57; 65.1 versus 46.4 tests per 1000 person-years, respectively), amounting to a 33% higher rate of testing. Additionally, compared with patients least likely to receive a transplant, patients most likely to receive a transplant were more likely to be screened (hazard ratio, 1.68; 95% confidence interval, 1.64 to 1.73). Colon cancer screening is being targeted toward patients on dialysis at lowest risk of mortality and highest likelihood of transplantation, but absolute rates are high, suggesting overscreening.
Prevalence of external respiratory dysfunction in young people
Authors: Kovalkova N A , Travnikova N Yu , Ragino Yu I , Voevoda M I
Published: March 2017

Aim. To investigate the prevalence of impaired external respiration function (ERF) in young Novosibirsk dwellers. Subjects and methods. A cross-sectional population-based survey in one of the typical districts of Novosibirsk was conducted at the Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine in 2013—2015. ERF was examined by spirometry in accordance with the guidelines. The best indicators of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1/FVC ratio were selected and three reproducible attempts were made to evaluate ERF. Spirometry was carried out in 787 respondents (358 males and 429 females) for the entire period. The results were interpreted according to the guidelines of the European Respiratory Society, the American Thoracic Society, and the Russian Respiratory Society. Results. The prevalence of a FEV1/FVC of
Role of negative regulators of SOCS1, SOCS3, and SOCS5 gene transcription in the negative cell signaling regulation system in asthma
Authors: Sorokina L N , Mineev V N , Lim V V
Published: March 2017

Aim. To conduct a comprehensive study of the components of negative cell signaling regulation in different types of asthma. Subjects and methods. A total of 171 people, including 80 patients with allergic asthma (AA), 60 patients with non-allergic asthma (NAA), and 31 apparently healthy individuals, were examined. SOCS5 mRNA expression was assessed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. The expression of SOCS1 and SOCS3 proteins was investigated by immunoblotting. The concentration of total serum IgE was determined by enzyme immunoassay; the level of cytokines was measured according to the standard protocol using a Bio-Plex fluorometer. Results. The findings show that the patients with AA generally display more marked changes in the expression of all three investigated SOCSes (SOCS1, SOCS3, and SOCS5) at baseline and when interleukin 4 (IL-4) acts. In NAA, there are pronounced changes in the expression of SOCS3 only and, to a lesser extent, SOCS5. The results of investigating the concentrations of IL-4 in the examined groups demonstrate its significant decrease in the AA group, whereas in the NAA group, it is similar to those in healthy individuals. On the contrary, IL-10 concentrations in AA tend towards those in the control group, but much exceed in NAA. Conclusion. The findings allow one to consider the complexity of regulatory disorders arising at various levels of cell signaling in the context of the multifunctional nature of the molecules from the family of negative regulators of transcription of the SOCS1, SOCS3, and SOCS5 genes, which provide the comprehensive control of cytokine signaling simultaneously in different signal pathways.
Right ventricular diastolic function in patients with lung diseases in the absence or presence of pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Sumin A N , Arkhipov O G
Published: March 2017

Aim. To investigate the indicators of filling of the right ventricle (RV) in patients with chronic lung diseases with and without pulmonary hypertension (PH) compared to healthy individuals. Subjects and methods. 365 people (198 men); mean age 64.6±8.0 years) were examined and divided into a group of patients with respiratory pathology without and with PH (n=124 and n=138, respectively) and a comparison group that included individuals without cardiovascular and respiratory diseases (n=103). All underwent echocardiography with examination of RV filling flows (Et, At, Et/At), data of the spectral tissue Doppler imaging of the fibrous ring of the tricuspid valve (e’t, a’t, e’t/a’t), and early tricuspid flow propagation velocity (ETFPV). Results. All the groups were found to have an e’t/a’t decrease to 0.75 (0.63—0.90) — 0.8 (0.63—1.0; p=0.26). The groups showed no noticeable differences in indicators, such as Еt/Аt, e’t/a’t, and Еt/e’t ratios, although the increased size of the right heart was noted in patients without PH along with the ETFPV decrease from 33.5 (28—39) to 31.5 (24.5—36) cm/sec, which continued to substantially decline to 27.1 (24—35) cm/sec in patients with PH (p
Takayasu’s disease in an IgG4-positive patient with tuberculosis, pulmonary hemorrhage, recurrent myocarditis, and transient bilateral visual impairments
Authors: Blagova O V , Nedostup A V , Sherstneva L V , Grusha Yu O , Gulyaev S V , Shapieva Z S
Published: March 2017

Takayasu’s disease (nonspecific aortoarteritis) affects the absolute majority of 20—40-year-old women; its most common manifestations include aortic arch branch lesions. The specific features of the described case is the male gender of the patient, signs of mesenchymal dysplasia, a concurrence of tuberculosis, pulmonary hemorrhage, and myocarditis at onset, the presence of IgG4, peculiar ocular symptomatology, and its rapid regression after initiation of therapy.
Implications of biofuel production in the Western Cape province, South Africa: A system dynamics modelling approach of South Africa: A system dynamics modelling approach
Authors: Jonker Willem , Brent Alan Colin , Musango Josephine Kaviti , De Kock Imke
Published: March 2017

The national government instated a mandatory blending policy to facilitate the uptake and establishment of a biofuels sector in South Africa. Uncertainty exists, however, regarding the implications and effects of producing biofuels within the Western Cape province, as part of a strategy of the province to transition to a green economy. This investigation was carried out as an effort to simulate the biofuel production within the Western Cape under certain project and policy considerations. A system dynamics model was developed to identify key strategic intervention points that could strengthen the business case of biofuel production. The model showed a feasible business case for bioethanol production, with the best case showing an internal rate of return of 23% (without government subsidy), and an emissions reduction of 63% when compared with coal. It is recommended that special consideration be given to the location of bioethanol production facilities, as operational costs can be minimised by incorporating invasive alien land-clearing schemes as part of the bioethanol production. The model further showed that medium-to-large-scale biodiesel production in the province is not feasible under the given model assumptions, as the positive effects of local biodiesel production do not justify the required government subsidy of ZAR 4.30 per litre. It is recommended that a different approach be investigated, where multiple on-site small-scale biodiesel production facilities are used, thus utilising multiple feedstock options and minimising capital expenditure.Keywords: green economy; transportation; blending; uncertainty; complexity
Modelling and testing a passive night-sky radiation system
Authors: Joubert G.D. , Dobson R.T.
Published: March 2017

The as-built and tested passive night-sky radiation cooling/heating system considered in this investigation consists of a radiation panel, a cold water storage tank, a hot water storage tank, a room and the interconnecting pipework. The stored cold water can be used to cool a room during the day, particularly in summer. A theoretical time-dependent thermal performance model was also developed and compared with the experimental results and it is shown that the theoretical simulation model captures the experimental system performance to within a reasonable degree of accuracy. A natural circulation experimental set-up was constructed and subsequently used to show that under local (Stellenbosch, South Africa) conditions the typical heat-removal rate from the water in the tank is 55 W/m2 of radiating panel during the night; during the day the water in the hot water-storage tank was heated from 24 °C to 62 °C at a rate of 96 W/m2. The system was also able to cool the room at a rate of 120 W/m3. The results thus confirmed that it is entirely plausible to design an entirely passive system, that is, without the use of any moving mechanical equipment such as pumps and active controls, for both room-cooling and water-heating. It is thus concluded that a passive night-sky radiation cooling/heating system is a viable energy-saving option and that the theoretical simulation, as presented, can be used with confidence as an energy-saving system design and evaluation tool. Keywords: passive cooling and heating, buoyancy-driven fluid flow, theoretical simulation, experimental verification Highlights:Passively driven renewable energy heating and cooling systems are considered.Time-dependent mathematical simulation model is presented.Experimental buoyancy-driven heating and cooling system built and tested.Experimental results demonstrate the applicability of the theoretical simulation model.Saving and evaluation design tool.
The Transformative Power of the Indigenous Language Classroom
Authors: Mead Chelsea M.
Published: March 2017

This article presents insights gained from ethnographic interviews with participants of Indigenous language classes in the university and college context. It situates Indigenous language programming in the larger historical relationship between higher education and Indigenous peoples while also highlighting the individual practices of universities that shape those relationships. I argue that offering Indigenous language courses in higher education institutions is an opportunity for institutions to recognize their historical relationship with Indigenous peoples and begin to heal that relationship. The courses are transformative experiences for the students but also present the possibility for social change on the campus and communities at large.
Policy and Practice: Service Learning from Academy to Community
Authors: Schalge Susan L. , Pajunen Matthew
Published: March 2017

Service learning represents a key intersection between the academy and the community. Institutions give back to the community through this work done by student hands, which bolsters university brands, as institutions attempt to meet external expectations. Despite the value being provided to colleges and universities through service learning, critical analyses of institutions are underrepresented in the literature. We, therefore, chose here to “study up” and direct our focus to the institution itself. This multi-method approach builds upon previous research with students, faculty, and community partners. We examine communications and materials produced by Minnesota State University, Mankato. Additionally, we interview policymakers within the university who influenced the current trajectory of service learning, as it has descended from an institutional focus to a division of community engagement.
The Columbus-Copapayo Sister-City Collection: A Service Learning/Research Model
Authors: Borland Katherine
Published: March 2017

A central difficulty of the service learning paradigm is how to connect with and sustain a community identified project within the structural limitations of an academic course. The Columbus-Copapayo Sister-City Collection at the Ohio State University Folklore Archives resulted from an attempt to construct a research partnership independently of coursework to which service learning coursework could be appended. The model provides a flexible, open-ended means for pursuing academic-community collaborations.
Comparative study on optimal continuous positive airway pressure and predicted continuous positive airway pressure in obstructive sleep apnoea
Authors: K. K. Shyamala , Khatri Bidhata , Suresh Ashwin , Rajendran Gokul
Published: March 2017

Background: Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the first line non-invasive and safest treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Optimal CPAP therapy prescribed is obtained by manual titration in lab setting. Due to lack of data in Indian population predicted CPAP pressure proposed by Hoffstein is used using body mass index (BMI), neck circumference (NC) and apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI) to correlate with the optimal pressure by automatic CPAP titration.Methods: The study was of retrospective and observational type. It included OSA patients diagnosed by overnight polysomnography (PSG) who had undergone automatic CPAP titration. The correlation of optimal pressure of automatic CPAP and predicted CPAP was studied.Results: A total of 30 patients were included in the study of which 23 were males and 7 were females. It was found that 28 patients had severe OSA and 2 had moderate OSA. AHI significantly improved (P = 0.000) with automatic CPAP titration. The mean CPAP predicted pressure (8.77±2.05) was found lower than the therapeutic optimal pressure (13.03±3.18) prescribed and the value exceeded the range ±2 in 76% of patients.Conclusions: Use of automatic CPAP limits the role for predicted formula for in lab titration/unattended home setting and patients who don’t undergo CPAP titration study, reducing the cost of testing. However, the predicted pressure could be used as a starting pressure for initiation of CPAP titration in lab setting for manual titration.
Significance of serum-pleural effusion albumin gradient in differentiating transudative and exudative pleural effusions in comparison to light’s criteria
Authors: G. Sujatha , P. Vindhya , Kumar K. Kalyan
Published: March 2017

Background: Approximately one million patients develop pleural effusion every year. It is a common clinical disorder and is either a manifestation or a complication of one or other respiratory or non-respiratory disorders. It leads to serious prognosis, if not diagnosed and treated properly. To calculate SEAG and Light’s criteria and to compare SEAG with Light’s criteria in analyzing pleural effusions.Methods: A total of hundred patients were selected for the study. Pleural fluid of patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were collected, when pleural fluid is being tapped for diagnostic thoracocentesis. Venous blood sample was collected along with diagnostic thoracocentesis or within 24 hours of thoracocentesis.  Written informed consent was obtained from them for thoracocentesis.Results: In our study we compared the clinical outcome with outcome as per Pleural fluid/Serum protein ratio (p value of <0.0001), pleural fluid/serum LDH (p value of <0.0001) and pleural fluid LDH (p value of <0.0001) separately and the p values were statistically significant. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of Light’s criteria were 77.2%, 100%, 100%, 93.9% respectively. We compared Light’s criteria outcome with clinical outcome and the difference was statistically significant (p value of <0.0001). SEAG showed 100% sensitivity, 97.43% specificity, 91.6% PPV and is 91.66% and NPV is 100%. We compared the clinical outcome with SEAG and there was statistically significant difference (p value of <0.0001). We compared SEAG with Light’s criteria and the difference was statistically significant (p <0.0001). We compared Light’s plus pleural fluid protein gradient with SEAG and the difference is statistically significant (p value of <0.0001).Conclusions: SEAG is more sensitive for classifying transudates and more specific for exudates than Light’s criteria.
Echocardiographic findings in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and correlation of right ventricular dysfunction with disease severity
Authors: Jatav Vinod Singh , Meena S. R. , Jelia Shivcharan , Jain Pankaj , Ajmera Devendra , Agarwal Vinit , Dayma Chirangee L. , Arif Mohd.
Published: March 2017

Background: COPD is a powerful and independent risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality which includes right ventricular (RV) dysfunction and cor pulmonale secondary to pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), left ventricular dysfunction. Echocardiography provides a rapid, noninvasive, portable, and accurate method to evaluate cardiac functions. Early diagnoses and intervention for cardiac comorbidities would reduce mortalities in COPD patients. The aim of this study is to find echocardiographic changes in COPD patients and to assess RV dysfunction by echocardiography and correlate with the disease severity.Methods: 100 patients of COPD fulfilling the inclusion criteria coming to OPD/wards of NMCH, Kota were recruited. They were staged by pulmonary function test (PFT) and evaluated by echocardiography. Statistical analysis of correlation was done with chi square test and statistical significance was taken p<0.05.Results: Most common echocardiographic finding was cor pulmonale, which was present in 62% of cases, other echocardiographic findings were PAH in 44% cases, RA/RV dilatation (43%), RVH (42%), LVDD (46%), RVSD (14%) and LVH in 11% of cases. Echocardiographic signs of RV dysfunction observed are PAH, cor pulmonale and RVSD which are correlated with the severity of the disease (p<0.05).Conclusions: Echocardiographic examination is reliable in following COPD patients with PAH instead of repeated cardiac catheterization. The incidence of RV dysfunction is more common as the severity of COPD increases and there is a significant correlation between the degree of air flow limitation (FEV1) and RV dysfunction.
Role of obstetric Doppler in prediction of adverse perinatal outcome in intrauterine growth retardation
Authors: P. Chirtrarasan , S. Kanagarameswarakumaran
Published: March 2017

Background: Objective of current study was to determine and compare accuracy of various Doppler parameters for perinatal outcome. Umbilical artery (UA), middle cerebral artery (MCA), and ductus venosus (DV) for predicting adverse perinatal outcome in patients of intrauterine growth retardation.Methods: 200 singleton pregnancies between 34 to 36 weeks of gestation complicated by intrauterine growth restriction were prospectively examined with Doppler ultrasound of the umbilical artery, middle cerebral artery and ductus venosus.  Patients kept under surveillance till confinement. According to increasing severity of Doppler indices categorized the cases into six grades from grade 0 to grade 5.Results: Out of 200 cases, 169 were live born and 24 were neonatal death. There were 5 cases of intrauterine death of foetuses and 2 were still born. Out of the live born 32 had increased perinatal morbidity like poor APGAR score, development of necrotizing enterocolitis, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, meconium aspiration syndrome, hyperbilirubinemia, and prolonged admission in neonatal care unit for reasons like sepsis / birth asphyxia.Conclusions: Absent end diastolic flow (EDF) / reversal in umbilical artery had high positive predictive value in predicting adverse foetal outcome. Ductus venosus changes seem to be an ominous sign of a severely compromised foetus with poor perinatal outcome. Doppler investigation of the MCA, UA and DV plays an important role in monitoring the compromised foetuses and helps to determine the optimal time of delivery.
Major aetiologies of acute undifferentiated fever in 2013 and 2014: an experience in retrospect
Authors: Arora Balvinder Singh , Matlani Monika , Saigal Karnika , Biswal Indu , Rajan Santhosh , Padmanandan Arun , Singh Saudan
Published: March 2017

Background: Major aetiologies of acute undifferentiated fever (AUF) show wide variations, especially in developing countries including India. A better understanding of ‘AUF causes’ helps in better management of such cases with attendant reduction in morbidity and mortality. The present analytical study, retrospective in nature, estimates burden of the AUF in the years 2013 and 2014 with some useful information and conclusions.Methods: Important pathogens ‘investigated for’ either as a ‘direct or indirect evidence’ included - Malaria parasite, Dengue virus, Salmonella typhi and paratyphi A and Chikungunya virus. Malaria testing included examination of peripheral blood smear with Giemsa stain and also immuno-chromatographic test to detect lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) for Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax and also HRP2 for detection of Plasmodium falciparum infections. For dengue and chikungunya virus infections - specific IgM antibodies - were detected by ELISA test. Enteric fever was diagnosed by detecting IgM and IgG antibodies using enzyme immunoassay. For Widal test, agglutinating antibodies against the O and H antigens of S. typhi and “H” antigens of ‘S. paratyphi A’ were undertaken. All the test procedures, including sample collections, were performed as per manufacturer’s recommendations, and, as per ‘standard operating procedures (SOPs)’.Results: Of the 10,670 samples received for dengue investigations, 3646 i.e. 34.17% tested seropositive for dengue cases. Percentage seropositivity for chikungunya was 18.6 (8/48). For dengue, 1193 (43.92%) and 488/577 (84.57%) samples were positive in the year 2013 and 2014 respectively in Delhi alone. Annual peak in months of September to November was observed for dengue while a bi-annual pattern was observed for malaria with two peaks occurring in months of May-June and August-September respectively for the year (s) i.e. 2013 and 2014. Enteric fever was present throughout the year with no specific distribution pattern. Majority of patients were from Delhi and adjoining Haryana followed by Western Uttar Pradesh. Co-infection of dengue with enteric fever was observed in only four cases.Conclusions: Dengue, chikungunya, malaria and enteric fever were the most important major causes of AUF in the year 2013 and 2014. Improved interactions with clinician counterparts generating awareness about major aetiologies of AUF would help in timely detection of such illnesses and hence better management reducing morbidity and mortality in the long run.
Superior sagittal sinus thrombosis in a case of beta thalassaemia major
Authors: Azad Syed Md , Mukherjee Anwesha , Kapoor Rohit , Bannerji Rohit , Ray Jaydeb
Published: March 2017

Patients with beta- thalassaemia major have a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, from transfusion dependency to asymptomatic anaemia. Some may just have incidental finding of anaemia with splenomegaly during physical examination. Most of them require regular blood transfusion and their haemoglobin is maintained at an acceptable level. However they are at risk for multiple complications such as thrombo-embolic events which may be life threatening. We report here a case of beta- thalassaemia major complicated by cerebral sinus thrombosis, who had minimal clinical symptoms and signs at presentation. This case reiterates the importance of increased vigilance in the clinical management of this vulnerable group of patients.
Emphysematous pyelonephritis: a rare case report
Authors: Patro Shubhransu , Khora Pankaj Kumar , Padhy Sukanta Kumar
Published: March 2017

Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is a rare and life threatening infection of kidney characterized by gas in the renal parenchyma and surrounding tissues. It occurs mostly in patients with diabetes mellitus and has a predilection for females. It is associated with a high mortality in the absence of rapid and effective treatment; therefore, aggressive medical management, early intervention or surgical approach is recommended. Reported here is a case of a 52-year female with previous medical history of diabetes presented with uncontrolled hyperglycaemia, fever and dysuria with right sided flank pain. She was diagnosed with emphysematous pyelonephritis and successfully treated. As emphysematous pyelonephritis is a life-threatening infection, it should always be considered in the differential diagnosis for a patient with fever with abdominal pain or suspected pyelonephritis particularly in a diabetic.
Закупочная политика торговых организаций
Authors: Николаева Мария Андреевна , Болгар Диана Григорьевна
Published: March 2017

В статье рассмотрены впервые цели, задачи и основные направления закупочной политики организации. Показаны факторы, учитываемые при выборе определенных направлений закупочной политики, а также основания для их выбора, возможные риски и меры по их предупреждению.
Интервью с заведующим кафедрой торговой политики Российского экономического университета им. Г.В. Плеханова Ивановым Г.Г.
Authors: Панюкова Вероника Васильевна
Published: March 2017

В феврале 2017 года свой 110-летний юбилей отмечает ведущий вуз России в области подготовки кадров высшей квалификации для торговой отрасли – Российский экономический университет имени Г.В. Плеханова.
Надо заметить, что вопросы подготовки квалифицированных кадров для торговли являются чрезвычайно важными на протяжении многих лет – ведь значительная часть малого и среднего бизнеса функционирует непосредственно в торговой сфере. Ведущей кафедрой Университета, осуществляющей подготовку кадров для внутренней торговли, является кафедра торговой политики.
Главный редактор «Торгово-экономического журнала» В.В. Панюкова встретилась и задала некоторые вопросы заведующему кафедрой торговой политики РЭУ им. Г.В. Плеханова д.э.н. Иванову Г.Г.
Benefícios potenciais da auditoria operacional para a administração pública: a percepção dos auditores do TCE/PB
Authors: Melo Gentil Jose Pereira de , Paiva Simone Bastos
Published: March 2017

A auditoria operacional tem sido utilizada pelos tribunais de contas brasileiros para avaliar a administração pública brasileira, visando a correções, melhorias e aperfeiçoamento de setores, programas, políticas e processos governamentais. Nesse contexto, este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a percepção dos auditores do Tribunal de Contas do Estado da Paraíba (TCE/PB) sobre o grau de importância e a possibilidade de materialização dos benefícios potenciais da auditoria operacional em prol da administração pública. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva e quantiqualitativa, realizada por meio de um levantamento. Para coletar os dados aplicou-se um questionário a 22 auditores do referido Tribunal. Os resultados revelaram que na percepção dos auditores do TCE/PB, dos 15 principais benefícios potenciais apontados pela doutrina, 10 deles têm grandes possibilidades de materialização, permitindo a conclusão de que os benefícios da auditoria operacional se mostram com potencial de promover a melhoria da administração pública.Palavras-chave: Auditoria operacional. Benefícios da auditoria. Administração pública. Abstract The operational auditing has been used by the courts of Brazilian accounts to evaluate the Brazilian public administration, aiming fixes, improvements and enhancements of sectors, programs, policies and government processes. In this context, this study had as objective analyze the perception of the auditors of the Paraíba Audit Office (TCE/PB) on the degree of importance and the possibility of materialization of the potential benefits of the operational auditing for the public administration. This is a descriptive and quantitative and qualitative research, conducted through a survey. To collect the data applied a questionnaire to 22 auditors of the Court. The results showed that the perception of the auditors of TCE/PB, between the 15 main potential benefits appointed by the doctrine, 10 of them have large possibilities of materialization, allowing the conclusion that the benefits of the operational auditing to show up auditing to promote the improvement of public administration.  Keywords: Operational audit. Audit benefits. Public administration.