bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biological Activity of Essential Oils of Four Juniper Species and Their Potential as Biopesticides
Authors: Semerdjieva Ivanka , Zheljazkov Valtcho D. , Radoukova Tzenka , Dincheva Ivayla , Piperkova Neshka , Maneva Vasilina , Astatkie Tess , Kačániová Miroslava
Published: October 2021

The objective of this study was to assess the biological activity of essential oils (EOs) of four Juniperus species obtained via two different distillation methods and their potential as biopesticides. The studied factors were juniper species (Juniperus communis L., J. oxycedrus L., J. pygmaea C. Koch., and J. sibirica Burgsd), plant sex (male (M) and female (F)), and distillation method (hydrodistillation via a standard Clevenger apparatus (ClevA) and semi-commercial (SCom) steam distillation). The hypothesis was that the EO will have differential antioxidant, antimicrobial, and insecticidal activities as a function of plant species, plant sex, and distillation method. The two distillation methods resulted in similar EO composition within a given species. However, there were differences in the EO content (yield) due to the sex of the plant, and also differences in the proportions of some EO components. The concentration of α-pinene, β-caryophyllene, δ-cadinene and δ-cadinol was dissimilar between the EO of M and F plants within all four species. Additionally, M and F plants of J. pygmaea, and J. sibirica had significantly different concentrations of sabinene within the respective species. The EOs obtained via ClevA extraction showed higher antioxidant capacity within a species compared with those from SCom extraction. All of the tested EOs had significant repellent and insecticidal activity against the two aphid species Rhopalosiphum padi (bird cherry-oat aphid) and Sitobion avenae (English grain aphid) at concentrations of the EO in the solution of 1%, 2.5%, and 5%. The tested EOs demonstrated moderate activity against selected pathogens Fusarium spp., Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum spp., Rhizoctonia solani and Cylindrocarpon pauciseptatum. The results demonstrate that the standard ClevA would provide comparable EO content and composition in comparison with SCom steam distillation; however, even slight differences in the EO composition may translate into differential bioactivity.
Alterations in β-Cell Sphingolipid Profile Associated with ER Stress and iPLA2β: Another Contributor to β-Cell Apoptosis in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Ali Tomader , Lei Xiaoyong , Barbour Suzanne E. , Koizumi Akio , Chalfant Charles E. , Ramanadham Sasanka
Published: October 2021

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) development, in part, is due to ER stress-induced β-cell apoptosis. Activation of the Ca2+-independent phospholipase A2 beta (iPLA2β) leads to the generation of pro-inflammatory eicosanoids, which contribute to β-cell death and T1D. ER stress induces iPLA2β-mediated generation of pro-apoptotic ceramides via neutral sphingomyelinase (NSMase). To gain a better understanding of the impact of iPLA2β on sphingolipids (SLs), we characterized their profile in β-cells undergoing ER stress. ESI/MS/MS analyses followed by ANOVA/Student’s t-test were used to assess differences in sphingolipids molecular species in Vector (V) control and iPLA2β-overexpressing (OE) INS-1 and Akita (AK, spontaneous model of ER stress) and WT-littermate (AK-WT) β-cells. As expected, iPLA2β induction was greater in the OE and AK cells in comparison with V and WT cells. We report here that ER stress led to elevations in pro-apoptotic and decreases in pro-survival sphingolipids and that the inactivation of iPLA2β restores the sphingolipid species toward those that promote cell survival. In view of our recent finding that the SL profile in macrophages—the initiators of autoimmune responses leading to T1D—is not significantly altered during T1D development, we posit that the iPLA2β-mediated shift in the β-cell sphingolipid profile is an important contributor to β-cell death associated with T1D.
Vanadium(IV) Complexes with Methyl-Substituted 8-Hydroxyquinolines: Catalytic Potential in the Oxidation of Hydrocarbons and Alcohols with Peroxides and Biological Activity
Authors: Palion-Gazda Joanna , Luz André , Raposo Luis R. , Choroba Katarzyna , Nycz Jacek E. , Bieńko Alina , Lewińska Agnieszka , Erfurt Karol , V. Baptista Pedro , Machura Barbara , Fernandes Alexandra R. , Shul’pina Lidia S. , Ikonnikov Nikolay S. , Shul’pin Georgiy B.
Published: October 2021

Methyl-substituted 8-hydroxyquinolines (Hquin) were successfully used to synthetize five-coordinated oxovanadium(IV) complexes: [VO(2,6-(Me)2-quin)2] (1), [VO(2,5-(Me)2-quin)2] (2) and [VO(2-Me-quin)2] (3). Complexes 1–3 demonstrated high catalytic activity in the oxidation of hydrocarbons with H2O2 in acetonitrile at 50 °C, in the presence of 2-pyrazinecarboxylic acid (PCA) as a cocatalyst. The maximum yield of cyclohexane oxidation products attained was 48%, which is high in the case of the oxidation of saturated hydrocarbons. The reaction leads to the formation of a mixture of cyclohexyl hydroperoxide, cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone. When triphenylphosphine is added, cyclohexyl hydroperoxide is completely converted to cyclohexanol. Consideration of the regio- and bond-selectivity in the oxidation of n-heptane and methylcyclohexane, respectively, indicates that the oxidation proceeds with the participation of free hydroxyl radicals. The complexes show moderate activity in the oxidation of alcohols. Complexes 1 and 2 reduce the viability of colorectal (HCT116) and ovarian (A2780) carcinoma cell lines and of normal dermal fibroblasts without showing a specific selectivity for cancer cell lines. Complex 3 on the other hand, shows a higher cytotoxicity in a colorectal carcinoma cell line (HCT116), a lower cytotoxicity towards normal dermal fibroblasts and no effect in an ovarian carcinoma cell line (order of magnitude HCT116 > fibroblasts > A2780).
Human Activity Recognition: A Comparative Study to Assess the Contribution Level of Accelerometer, ECG, and PPG Signals
Authors: Afzali Arani Mahsa Sadat , Costa Diego Elias , Shihab Emad
Published: October 2021

Inertial sensors are widely used in the field of human activity recognition (HAR), since this source of information is the most informative time series among non-visual datasets. HAR researchers are actively exploring other approaches and different sources of signals to improve the performance of HAR systems. In this study, we investigate the impact of combining bio-signals with a dataset acquired from inertial sensors on recognizing human daily activities. To achieve this aim, we used the PPG-DaLiA dataset consisting of 3D-accelerometer (3D-ACC), electrocardiogram (ECG), photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals acquired from 15 individuals while performing daily activities. We extracted hand-crafted time and frequency domain features, then, we applied a correlation-based feature selection approach to reduce the feature-set dimensionality. After introducing early fusion scenarios, we trained and tested random forest models with subject-dependent and subject-independent setups. Our results indicate that combining features extracted from the 3D-ACC signal with the ECG signal improves the classifier’s performance F1-scores by 2.72% and 3.00% (from 94.07% to 96.80%, and 83.16% to 86.17%) for subject-dependent and subject-independent approaches, respectively.
ASSESSMENT OF INTERACTION OF ROAD-TRANSPORTATION COMPLEX OBJECTS IN PURPOSE TO ENSURE «ZERO MORTALITY»
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, KURAKINA E.V.
Published: October 2021

The article assesses the interaction of objects of the road transport complex, presents a sys-tematic approach aimed at developing effective and targeted solutions in the field of road safety, reducing accidents and achieving «zero mortality». The necessity of a systematic approach to en-suring research of places of concentration of road traffic accidents, interacting connections, fac-tors and causes of their occurrence in the proposed system «road user - vehicle - road network - ex-ternal environment» is substantiated.
METHODOLOGY FOR DETERMINING THE OPTIMAL TIME OF SIMULATOR TRAINING OF CANDIDATES FOR DRIVERS
Authors:   South-West State University, AGEEV E.V. , NOVIKOV A.N. ,   Orel State University, VINOGRADOV E.S. ,   South-West State University
Published: October 2021

This article analyzes the actions of drivers and their impact on the occurrence of emergency road traffic situations. The model of the stages of professional training of candidates for drivers is presented, the method of determining the optimal time of simulator training is considered, the qualitative assessment of the level of driver training is determined, taking into account the ranking of the main parameters that affect road safety. The optimal time of training in the training center is established, taking into account the personal qualities of candidates for drivers.
Locum doctor use in English general practice: analysis of routinely collected workforce data 2017–2020
Authors: Grigoroglou Christos , Walshe Kieran , Kontopantelis Evangelos , Ferguson Jane , Stringer Gemma , Ashcroft Darren M , Allen Thomas
Published: October 2021

Background

Numbers of GP locums in the NHS have grown in recent years, yet evidence on the scale and scope of the locum workforce in general practice is sparse.

Aim

To identify characteristics, geographical patterns, and drivers of GP locum use.

Design and setting

Observational study of routine data from general practices in England.

Method

Descriptive analyses of national GP workforce data between December 2017 and September 2020 were conducted to determine the volume and geographical distribution of locum use and examine the characteristics of locums compared with other GP types. Locum full-time equivalent (FTE) was modelled using negative binomial regression and estimated incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for associations between outcome and characteristics of practices and population.

Results

In December 2019, total locum FTE was 1217.9 compared with 33 996.6 for total GP FTE. Locums represented 3.3% of total GP FTE, which was fewer than other GP types. Median locum age was 42 years (interquartile range [IQR] 36 to 51) FTE and the majority were UK qualified (660 of 1034 [63.8%] total locum FTE), were male (642.6 of 1178.9 [54.5%] total locum FTE), and had long-term employment (834.1 of 1127.9 [74.0%]) total locum FTE. Rurality (IRR 1.250 [95% CI = 1.095 to 1.428]), inadequate Care Quality Commission ratings (IRR 2.108 [95% CI = 1.370 to 3.246), and single-handed practice (IRR 4.611 [95% CI = 4.101 to 5.184) were strong predictors of locum use. There was substantial variation in locum use between regions.

Conclusion

GP locum use remained stable over time. Compared with other GPs, locums were younger male GPs, a substantial percentage of whom did not qualify in the UK, and those who served underperforming practices in rural areas. This is likely to reflect recruitment or high turnover challenges in these practices/areas and can provide a greater understanding of general practice workforce challenges in England.
Role of locum GPs in antibiotic prescribing and stewardship: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Borek Aleksandra J , Pouwels Koen B , van Hecke Oliver , Robotham Julie V , Butler Christopher C , Tonkin-Crine Sarah
Published: October 2021

Background

Most antibiotics are prescribed in primary care. Locum or sessional GPs (locums) are perceived as contributing to higher prescribing and may face barriers to engaging with antimicrobial stewardship (AMS).

Aim

To identify how locums’ antibiotic prescribing compares with other general practice prescribers, and how they perceive their role in antibiotic prescribing and AMS.

Design and setting

Mixed-methods study in primary care.

Method

Data on antibiotic prescribing, diagnoses, and patient and prescriber characteristics were extracted from The Health Improvement Network database. A mixed-effects logistic model was used to compare locums’ and other prescribers’ antibiotic prescribing for conditions that do not usually benefit from antibiotics. Nineteen semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with locums in England and analysed thematically.

Results

Locums accounted for 11% of consultations analysed. They prescribed antibiotics more often than other GPs and nurse prescribers for acute cough, sore throat, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations, and acute bronchitis. The number of patients receiving antibiotics for these conditions was 4% higher (on absolute scale) when consulting with locums compared with when they consulted with other GPs. Four themes capture the perceived influences on prescribing antibiotics and AMS: antibiotic prescribing as a complex but individual issue, nature and patterns of locum work, relationships between practices and locums, and professional isolation.

Conclusion

Locums contribute to higher antibiotic prescribing compared with their peers. They experience challenges but also opportunities for contributing to AMS, which should be better addressed. With an increasing proportion of locums in general practice, they have an important role in antibiotic optimisation and AMS.
On the taming the space of dialogue by deaf people during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Plutecka Katarzyna
Published: October 2021

The article is empirical. The aim of the research was to diagnose the specificity of subjective experiences related to the impact of a pandemic situation on the shaping of the dialogical space. The focus was on the following problem: how do deaf people perceive their experiences of creating a space where authentic dialogue takes place? The research used the method of individual cases. The analysis of empirical material obtained on the basis of a narrative interview with deaf students allowed us to learn about their experiences and personal experiences related to the creation of a space in which dialogue takes place in a pandemic situation. Qualitative analysis showed three areas discussed by the respondents, these were reflections on: dialogue as a form of communication, the subject of dialogue and the value of dialogue. The collected narratives revealed emotional experiences that influenced the interpretation of events by deaf students.
Pregnancy, Childbirth and Puerperium Health Problems in Women Over 35 Years of Age
Authors: Kiersnowska Iwona , Sys Dorota , Baranowska Barbara , Bączek Grażyna , Węgrzyn Piotr
Published: October 2021

Background: Due to the choice of postponing motherhood, the average age of women giving birth in Poland has moved into older age groups. This study was conducted to assess pregnancy complications and birth outcomes in women of advanced maternal age (AMA, over 35 years of age) compared with women aged 35 years.

Material and Methods: Data on births was obtained from two third-degree hospitals in Warsaw, Poland for the years 2017 – 2019. Maternal and perinatal outcomes for women of advanced maternal age (n = 3,766) were analyzed using Chi-square tests and the ANOVA Kruskal-Wallis test. Comparisons between the following age groups of women were conducted: age 35 (control group), 36 – 39, 40 – 44 and over 45 years of age. Results of the analysis are presented with unadjusted odds ratios, 95 percent confidence intervals and p-values.

Results: The incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) was found to increase with age in the 36 – 39 (OR 1.76, CI 1.09 – 2.87), 40 – 44 (OR 2.72, CI 1.56 – 4.73) and in the over 45 (OR 6.34, CI 2.04 – 19.69) age groups. The risk of gestational diabetes was seen to increase in women aged 40 – 44 (OR 1.49, CI 1.13 – 1.97) and increases almost three times in women over the age of 45 (OR 2.88, CI 1.41 – 5.87). The frequency of births by Cesarean section was observed to increase by one quarter in the 36 – 39 age group (OR 1.26, CI 1.07 – 1.48), by half in the 40 – 44 age group (OR 1.5, CI 1.28 – 1.96) and almost three times in women over 45 (OR 2.88, CI 1.41 – 5.87). There was no statistical significance for the incidence of preterm delivery, induction of labor and postpartum anemia or the health status of newborns in the studied age groups.

Conclusions: Maternal age of over 35 years old is an independent risk factor for higher rates of pregnancy and perinatal complications in the Polish population.
The abandonment of the family courts' intrafamily violence procedures
Authors: Riquelme Espinosa Ignacio
Published: October 2021

This article analyses the abandonment of the intrafamily violence procedures of Chilean family courts. The abandonment designates a process of political, institutional, and technical exclusion that has rendered these procedures problematic within Chilean justice administration and, consequently, in the state’s response to gender violence. The article is based on an ethnographic fieldwork conducted during 2017 and develops a historical itinerary of the position of abandonment based on Chilean literature and ethnographic material. Thus, the article demonstrates the complexity of IFV procedures abandonment in the FCs’ everyday work. The article has two main objectives. First, addressing a gap in the literature concerning the visibilization and contextualization of this part of Chilean judicial work. Second, highlighting legal ethnography as a methodology useful for developing a transdisciplinary approach to the administration of justice.
Pengaruh Lama Penyimpanan Terhadap Sediaan Fisik Krim Daun Alpukat (Persea Americana Mill) dan daun sirih hijau (Piper betle Linn)
Authors: Erwiyani Agitya Resti , Destiani Dika , Kabelen Stefan Adrianus
Published: October 2021

Ekstrak etanol daun alpukat dan daun sirih hijau telah diketahui memiliki manfaat sebagai antioksidan serta manfaat lain bagi kesehatan. Pemanfaatan daun alpukat dan daun sirih hijau menjadi bentuk sediaan krim lebih disukai dan mudah diaplikasikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh penyimpanan terhadap sifat fisik krim dan stabilitas krim. Stabilitas fisik krim dilakukan dengan uji homogenitas, pengukuran pH, daya sebar, daya lekat serta viskositas sediaan selama dilakukan penyimpanan pada suhu kamar selama 14 hari. Krim daun sirih hijau stabil dalam penyimpanan menunjukkan tidak terjadi perubahan organoleptis, homogenitas, pH, daya sebar, daya lekat serta viskositas, sedangkan krim daun alpukat mengalami perubahan sifat fisik serta krim menjadi tidak homogen setelah dilakukan penyimpanan. Formula yang mengandung daun sirih hijau memenuhi persyaratan fisik bentuk sediaan krim.
Low-field Mobility and High-field Velocity of Charge Carriers in InGaAs/InP High-electron-mobility Transistors
Authors: Harrysson Rodrigues Isabel , Vorobiev Andrei
Published: October 2021

Development of transistors for advanced low noise amplifiers requires better understanding of mechanisms governing the charge carrier transport in correlation with the noise performance. In this paper, we report on study of the carrier velocity in InGaAs/InP high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) found via geometrical magnetoresistance in the wide range of the drain fields, up to 2 kV/cm, at cryogenic temperature of 2 K. We observed, for the first time experimentally, the velocity peaks with peak velocity and corresponding field decreasing significantly with the transverse field. The low-field mobility and peak velocity are found to be up to 65000 cm2/Vs and 1.2x106 cm/s, respectively. Extrapolations to the lower transverse fields show that the peak velocity can be as high as 2.7x107 cm/s. The corresponding intrinsic transit frequency can be up to 172 GHz at the gate length of 250 nm. We demonstrated, for the first time, that the low-field mobility and peak velocity reveal opposite dependencies on the transverse field, indicating the difference in carrier transport mechanisms dominating at low- and high-fields. Therefore, the peak velocity is an appropriate parameter for characterization and development of the low noise HEMTs, complementary to the low-field mobility. The results of the research clarify the ways of the further development of the HEMTs for advanced applications.
Repatriating FTFs from Syria: Learning from the Western Balkans
Authors: Dedeken Chiara , Osborne Kevin
Published: October 2021

Four countries in the Western Balkan region (Kosovo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, North Macedonia, and Montenegro) are in the top ten countries with the most foreign terrorist fighters (FTFs) per capita. The political will to repatriate FTFs remains strong, at least in the Western Balkans, despite delays in 2020 due to COVID-19. In other parts of the world, especially high-income countries, political will to repatriate is considerably lower. COVID-19 has further constrained nations in their efforts to repatriate law-abiding citizens, which is less controversial than FTF families. Based on discussions with government officials and security officers in the Western Balkans as well as international experts and donors, this policy note provides operational recommendations to move forward with repatriation, rehabilitation, and reintegration of returnees building on lessons from repatriations in Albania, Kosovo, and North Macedonia. It urges governments globally to double down on repatriation efforts and to call on experience from governments in the Balkans to bring back their FTFs now. The recommendations in this policy note are relevant to any country where political will to repatriate FTFs can be generated.
Mushroom art in South Africa and Zimbabwe – Emil Holub: 1847–1902
Authors: Sharp Cathy , Burrett Rob S.
Published: October 2021

Emil Holub was a nineteenth century, Austro-Hungarian Czech, medical doctor with wide-ranging interests in ethnography and the natural sciences. During visits to southern Africa in the 1870s, he meticulously recorded everything that he encountered. Amongst his vast collection of artifacts, natural history specimens and notes were several sketches of fungi. These illustrations are reproduced here to document this valuable historical knowledge, tentatively identifying them in the context of the habitats through which Holub travelled.
Investigation of Orbital Decay and Global Modeling of the Planet WASP-43 b
Authors: Davoudi Fatemeh , Baştürk Özgür , Yalçınkaya Selçuk , Esmer Ekrem M. , Safari Hossein
Published: October 2021

WASP-43 b is one of the most important candidates for detecting an orbital decay. We investigate pieces of evidence for this expectation as variations in its transit timings, based on the ground and space observations. The data set includes the transit observations at the TÜBİTAK National Observatory of Turkey and Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). We present a global model of the system, based on the most precise photometry from space, ground, and archival radial velocity data. Using the homogenized data set and modeled light curves, we measure the mid-transit times for WASP-43 b. Our analysis agrees with a linear ephemeris for which we refine the light elements for future observations of the system. However, there is a negative difference between the transit timings derived from TESS data in two sectors (9 and 35) and a hint of an orbital period decrease in the entire data set. Both findings are statistically insignificant due to the short baseline of observations, which prevents us from drawing firm conclusions about the orbital decay of this ultra-short-period planet. However, assuming the effect of this decrease of the period in the planet's orbit, we derive a lower limit for the reduced tidal quality factor as

Q

*

′

>
(
4.01
±
1.15
)
×

10

5

from the best-fitting quadratic function. Finally, we calculate a probable rotational period for this system as 7.52 days from the out-of-transit flux variation in the TESS light curves due to spot modulation.
Hemiboea chanii (Gesneriaceae), a new species from limestone areas of northern Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Cuong Huu , Nguyen Ly Van , Nguyen Khang Sinh , Egorov Alexander A. , Averyanov Leonid V.
Published: October 2021

Hemiboea chanii, a new species of Gesneriaceae from Ha Giang Province, northern Vietnam, is here described and illustrated. It has many branched stems, diamond-shaped involucre with two cirrose opposite apices, a pink corolla, red spotted inside, and a flowering time in January-February. Among congeners with an externally hairy corolla, this new species is morphologically close to H. crystallina and H. sinovietnamica. Diagnostic discriminative characters in all mentioned species are discussed. The conservation status of this species is considered to be “Critically endangered” (CR) according to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.
Politiser le « vide sécuritaire » : à propos des groupes d’autodéfense koglweogo au Burkina Faso
Authors: Soré Zakaria , Cote Muriel , Zongo Bouraïman
Published: October 2021

Au Burkina Faso, l’émergence récente des groupes d’autodéfense «  koglweogo  » est souvent mise en lien avec la notion de « vide sécuritaire ». Cependant, considérer l’émergence des koglweogo comme la manifestation de l’absence de l’État dépolitise les rapports de force qui sous-tendent le phénomène des groupes d’autodéfense. En nous appuyant sur l’analyse des justifications de l’émergence et du travail des koglweogo et de la politique de police de proximité censée leur donner un mandat officiel, nous mettons plutôt en lumière les luttes de pouvoirs qui se jouent autour de la détermination de la notion de sécurité même. C’est à travers ces rapports de force politiques et économiques que nous comprenons l’émergence et le « succès » de ces groupes dans une dynamique de formation de l’État.
Quartiers populaires et Covid-19
Authors: Ginot Luc
Published: October 2021

Si la crise sanitaire a violemment mis en lumière les inégalités de santé et de mortalité, elle interroge aussi la compréhension de ces inégalités, et les modalités d’intervention en santé publique. Le lien avec les questions d’emploi, de logement, d’urbanisme, au centre des enjeux dans les quartiers populaires, ainsi que la mise en place de démarches de coalitions, conduisent à proposer une appropriation politique plus explicite de la promotion de la santé.
La construction didactique collective d’un dispositif d’échanges entre conseillers agricoles pour accompagner leurs transitions professionnelles
Authors: Cerf Marianne , Duhamel Sophie , Olry Paul
Published: October 2021

Nous étudions l’activité d’un pair-animateur d’un groupe d’échanges entre pairs, ici des conseillers agricoles, comme une activité d’intervention. A partir de la didactique professionnelle, nous éclairons la construction collective qui s’opère pour permettre aux membres de ce groupe de retrouver leur « agir en compétence » par une la production collective d’un cadre pour : (i) repenser le contenu de leur travail, les raisonnements qui sous-tendent leur action et dépasser les conflits de buts et dilemmes qui émergent dans la conduite de l’action ; ii) configurer leurs situations de travail afin de dépasser les empêchements de l’activité. Nous présentons d’abord les changements vécus par les conseillers agricoles (en lien aux transitions agri-alimentaires), puis le projet et le dispositif sur lesquels s’appuie notre étude, dispositif fondé sur l’analyse des situations de travail. Nous pointons la façon dont se construit chemin faisant ce dispositif d’échange dans une visée développementale. Nous soulignons ce que des pairs-animateurs d’un tel dispositif-tiennent pour vrai dans cette construction chemin faisant. Nous pointons les ajustements opérés dans les contenus et les mises en milieu qu’ils proposent afin de rendre les situations de travail apprenantes et mettre en débat le métier. Nous avançons que, lors de cette construction, les pairs-animateurs didactisent le travail d’échange conjoint entre les conseillers participants pour les aider à penser et faire autrement leur métier .
Association of exposure to deoxynivalenol with DNA methylation in white blood cells in children in China
Authors: Cao P. , Wang X.D. , Sun J.F. , Liang J. , Zhou P.P. , Xu H.B. , Yang H. , Zhang L.
Published: October 2021

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin that commonly contaminates cereals worldwide. Dietary exposure to DON is a subject of great public health concern, but studies on the health effects of chronic exposure to DON are not available. In this study, we investigated the connection between DNA methylation levels and DON exposure in children. The DNA methylation status of white blood cells from 32 children aged 2~15 years old in Henan, China, was profiled. A total of 378 differentially methylated CpGs were identified between the high and low DON exposure groups, and 8 KEGG pathways were found to be significantly enriched among the differentially methylated genes. In addition, the quantitative methylation of EIF2AK4, EMID2 and GNASAS was analysed using the Sequenom MassARRAY platform. The results showed that the methylation level of EIF2AK4 was significantly different between the two groups, and the methylation levels were associated with exposure to DON. Conclusively, our study found that chronic exposure to DON during childhood could affect DNA methylation levels.
WHAT IS IN A TWEET? DESIGNING A SEMANTIC LEXICON BASED ON EaD STUDENTS' OPINIONS
Authors: Braun de Moraes Jessica
Published: October 2021

Among the various challenges regarding distance education is the necessity of reducing the student dropout rate. In this sense, the present research aimed to contribute to the design of a lexical database focused on emotions and opinions that can be incorporated into a predictive evasion software. For the database design, we used the Scup tool to collect 150 tweets containing distance education students’ opinions and analyzed them in the light of Martin and White’s Appraisal Framework, along with five resources related to the sentiment Analysis field, which were taken from Liu’s work. In addition, we used the Aulete dictionary to describe the lexical units found in our corpus to better fit them into the analysis categories. Results showed 220 opinion tokens, which were identified and labeled according to their polarity. Moreover, these tokens were included in the domains attitude (judgment and appreciation) and graduation (sharp and strong) from the linguistic framework used. The results also indicated the necessity of another resource to help identify the use of figurative language, slangs, and extralinguistic elements, such as GIFS and emojis.
“[...] O QUE A GENTE SEMPRE MOSTRA PARA ELES, QUE TODOS OS TEXTOS TÊM RELACIONADO TUDO COM A BÍBLIA [...]”
Authors: Alves Silva Antonio Valbert , De Azevedo Fronza Cátia
Published: October 2021

Resumo: Este artigo parte de estudo de doutorado sobre letramento litúrgico e suas implicações em Escola Bíblica Dominical da Igreja Evangélica Assembleia de Deus (EBD). O letramento litúrgico, de acordo com Rosowsky, pode ser entendido como o uso da leitura (e mais raramente da escrita) necessária para ritual e outras práticas devocionais relacionadas a determinada religião. Eventos de letramento litúrgico estão presentes no universo de mais de 42,3 milhões de brasileiros pertencentes ao segmento evangélico no Brasil. Na pesquisa de doutorado, portanto, busca-se compreender eventos de letramento litúrgico e práticas sociais vivenciadas por adolescentes matriculados na EBD. No âmbito deste artigo, pretende-se refletir sobre evidências de letramento litúrgico e observar como ele se apresenta no referido contexto, a partir dos dados gerados. Com abordagem metodológica qualitativa, numa perspectiva etnográfica, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com alunos e suas professoras, observações de aulas, além de registros feitos pelos alunos sobre suas vivências de leitura e escrita fora da EBD.  Para este trabalho, apresentam-se reflexões iniciais com base em observações de aulas da EBD e de respostas às entrevistas realizadas com as professoras. As análises se voltam para a identificação de aspectos relacionados a letramento, sob a perspectiva de Barton e Hamilton, e a letramento litúrgico, com fundamento em Rosowsky. Esse estudo busca contribuir para as discussões sobre letramento litúrgico, com foco em eventos de letramento. Ao se voltar para o letramento litúrgico, consequentemente, traz a este mais visibilidade, ressignificando práticas dentro e fora da EBD.
Applications of Big Data and Green IoT-Enabling Technologies for Smart Cities
Authors: Dogan Onur , Gurcan Omer Faruk
Published: October 2021

In recent years, enormous amounts of digital data have been generated. In parallel, data collection, storage, and analysis technologies have developed. Recently, there has been an increasing trend of people moving towards urban areas. By 2030 more than 60% of the world's population will live in an urban environment. Urban areas are big data resource because they include millions of citizens, technological devices, and vehicles which generate data continuously. Besides, rapid urbanization brings many challenges, such as environmental pollution, traffic congestion, health problems, energy management, etc. Some policies for countries are required to cope with urbanization problems. One of these policies is to build smart cities. Smart cities integrate information and communication technology and various physical devices connected to the network (the internet of things or IoT) to both improve the quality of government services and citizen welfare. This chapter presents a literature review of big data, smart cities, IoT, green-IoT concepts, using technology and methods, and applications worldwide.
Africa, 2030 Agenda and Agenda 2063
Authors: Oguntuase Oluwaseun James
Published: October 2021

The hierarchical state-led model of governance that is used to address global policy issues has proved to be wanting on sustainable development. This chapter discusses the concept of transnational governance of sustainable development, focusing on the United Nations 2030 Agenda and Agenda 2063 in Africa. The premise is that implementation of the two agendas represents an enormous challenge to African governments in terms of resources, extent, and urgency. The chapter will make a reasonable case that transnational governance is required for active engagement of non-state actors and relevant institutions to mobilize resources to support the effective implementation and monitoring of the 2030 Agenda and Agenda 2063 in Africa.
Modeling the Sustainable Development Nexus as a Complicated-Coupled System
Authors: Zelinka David , Daher Bassel
Published: October 2021

This chapter discusses the universal concept of a system through the lens of system thinking and science and applies it to the concept of sustainable development. Because system science is inherently multidisciplinary, examples and concepts are borrowed from many disciplines. Any system can be explained through multiple dimensions or components of which this chapter details ‘structure' by modeling systems as static cross-impact networks; it frames sustainable development—referred to as anthropocentric systems—as an interconnected group of sectors, like an economy, using a nexus approach. As nations work toward implementing the complex and interconnected United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), this chapter offers methods to identify the type of interactions and quantify the strengths among them. This approach supports the process of priority setting and highlights areas in particular needed for policy coordination across different sectors.
Impact of Mobile Money Transfer on the Education Sector in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Juma Albert
Published: October 2021

Digitalization of payments related to education has played a significant role in driving the fourth agenda of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) aimed at providing free, equitable, and quality primary and secondary education to children by 2030. Since the launch of mobile money transfer (MMT) technologies by Safaricom in Kenya in 2007, many providers have developed a range of services to ensure efficient, transparent, and sustainable means of paying for school and college fees. This has led to enhanced teacher-student interaction times, reduced absenteeism, improved security in handling money, and made it easier for families to save, plan, and educate their children. This chapter reviews key success cases of countries and institutions that have digitalized payments and other education services to empower disadvantaged communities.
Water Availability Challenges in Low-Income Areas of Agbowo Community, Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Gbadegesin Tosin Kolajo , Olayide Olawale
Published: October 2021

Water is crucial to life. This has led to the inclusion of a specific water-related target in the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The study by World Health Organization (WHO) stated that about 663 million people worldwide have no adequate access to safe drinking water while UNICEF stated that about 65 million Nigerians have no access to safe water supplies. It is against this background that this study was conducted in Agbowo Community. The community has a high rate of economic poverty and poor living conditions. The study determined the gap between water supply and demand and enumerated physical and socio-economic variables that influence water availability. The study noted that a significant number of respondents expressed optimism despite the seriousness of the challenges and recommended massive remediation of the area as most of the water sources are contaminated by sewage.
The Consumer Role for Sustainable Development
Authors: Yildirim Seda
Published: October 2021

The term sustainable consumption is not only a behavior type in marketing and a just consumption behavior, it is more than this. Sustainable or responsible consumption behavior can change the world. Sustainable consumption concept has been investigated widely in the literature and factors that effecting sustainable consumption or being a green consumer has been investigated recently, too. But the relationship between sustainable development and consumer behavior isn't investigated sufficiently. After 2030 Sustainable Development Goals set up, responsibilities and roles have been an important issue to achieve sustainable development in the long term. In this point, this study aims to investigate the consumer role for sustainable development goals through sustainable consumption patterns and trends.
ICT as “Knowledge Management” for Assessing Sustainable Consumption and Production in Supply Chains
Authors: Uniyal Surbhi , Mangla Sachin Kumar , Sarma Pappu R. S. , Tseng Ming-Lang , Patil Pravin
Published: October 2021

The significance of sustainability is continually expanding among researchers, policymakers, and decision makers. To improve the efficiency of value chain activities such as manufacturing, distribution, and consumption, an innovative research solution has been proposed: ‘Sustainable Consumption and Production (SCP) through Information and Communication Technology (ICT)'. Sustainability through ICT is significant for the industry in terms of its sustainable effects on production processes, environment, and community. This research seeks to gauge ICT—as knowledge management—for industries in the successful adoption and execution of SCP. In so doing, potential key ICT-based factors to SCP are identified from the literature and experts' feedback. The present work suggests a decision framework for assessing the interrelationships among and between the ICT oriented factors by utilizing graph theory and matrix approach. Data for this work derives from three automotive companies operating in India. From findings, ‘Governance and Management', is the topmost factor for the adoption of sustainable consumption and production in value chains. The relationship among the index values is further evaluated using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. This research can facilitate practitioners, government agencies, and customers for a better understanding of ICT-driven factors in managing resources, reducing waste, and improving cost, which would further help in meeting sustainable development goals of the United Nations of responsible consumption and production and innovation, industry, and infrastructure.
Modelling and Evaluation of Network Intrusion Detection Systems Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Clottey Richard Nunoo , Yaokumah Winfred , Appati Justice Kwame
Published: October 2021

This study aims at modelling and evaluating the performance of machine learning techniques on a recent network intrusion dataset. Five machine learning algorithms, which include k-nearest neighbour (KNN), support vector machines (SVM), voting ensemble, random forest, and XGBoost, have been utilized in the development of the network intrusion detection models. The proposed models are tested using the UNSW_NB15 dataset. Three different K values are used for model with KNN algorithm and two different kernels are utilized in the development of the model with SVM. The best detection accuracy of the model developed with KNN was 84.9% with a K value of 9; the SVM model with the best accuracy is developed with the Gaussian kernel and obtained an accuracy of 83%, and the Voting Ensemble achieved 83.4% accuracy. Random forest model achieved accuracies of 90.2% and 70.8% for binary classification and multiclass classification respectively. Finally, XGBoost model also achieves accuracies of 85% and 51.77% for binary and multiclass classification respectively.
A Critical Heuristics Approach for Approximating Fairness in Method Engineering
Authors: Verbeek Rob , Overbeek Sietse
Published: October 2021

Information system (IS) development projects often fail because of unclear wishes and needs of concerned parties, or because the developed IS or the used system development method (SDM) is not fully supported by concerned parties. In this study it is investigated how stakeholders that are concerned with the SDM are identified and involved in the engineering of such methods. The Critical Systems Heuristics (CSH) method can be used to identify stakeholders in method engineering, along with their concerns. CSH is meta-modelled and reviewed in twelve interviews with practitioners in software development, system engineering, and consultancy in order to evaluate its applicability in an organizational context. Subsequent modifications made to the contemporary CSH method are validated in an expert validation session. The resulting evolved CSH method enables method engineers to take into account their challenges and contexts, and the method can be instantiated for organizations that engineer methods for internal or external use.
Willingness to Accept Green Practices by Manufacturing SMEs in India
Authors: Khandelwal Utkal , Singh Trilok Pratap
Published: October 2021

Continuous industrialization and increasing consumerism have led to the negative environmental impact of global human activities which could prove self-destructive. Historically, developing countries have shown little regard for environmental concerns for industrial development and advancement toward current economic status. This research presents the willingness to adopt green practices by Indian manufacturing SMEs and attempts to establish a predictive model for the same. Data were collected through a survey from 383 SMEs in north India.Finding of this research emerged as predictive modeling between willingness and unwillingness and green manufacturing constructs. In addition, there is no significant difference between various green constructs in willingness and unwillingness group. In conclusion, all the SMEs have a positive attitude toward green manufacturing but many are not ready to adopt these practices. The study also provides important insights for policymakers and other regulating bodies a predictive model of explaining the willingness of SMEs toward green manufacturing.
Effect of the Differences Among Individual Farmers on the Intention and Adoption of Conservative Agriculture Practices in Pakistan
Authors: Hayat Naeem , Al Mamun Abdullah , Munikrishnan Uma Thevi
Published: October 2021

This study aims to explore the roles of farmers’ personal factors, such as age, education, and experience on the intention to adopt and use conservative agriculture practices (CAPs)s. The data were collected from 336 rice farmers in the Punjab, Pakistan, using field survey. SmartPLS was utilised for data analysis. The results reveal that the perceptions of CAPs regarding performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and social influence are significantly different among the farmers based on their personal factors, such as age, education, and experience. Moreover, the use of CAPs also varies based on the farmers’ personal factors. However, young and educated farmers are more inclined to use CAPs. To promote CAPs adoption, governments need to attract young and educated farmers by allowing them to use CAPs. Moreover, training and promoting the facilitating condition can promote the adoption of CAPs. The extension role needs improvements to extend the services at the grassroots level to achieve mass adoption.
Novel Generalized Divergence Measure and Aggregation Operators With Applications for Simplified Neutrosophic Sets
Authors: Umar Adeeba , Saraswat Ram Naresh
Published: October 2021

The amount of information on which researchers work increases continuously due to the new developments around the world. This information contains data which is uncertain, incomplete and cannot be fully expressed using crisp numbers. To manage such information, the theory of fuzzy sets, intuitionistic fuzzy sets and neutrosophic sets are used. Neutrosophic sets were introduced as the generalization of fuzzy and intuitionistic fuzzy sets to show incomplete, imprecise, inconsistent and uncertain information that exists in real situations. In this paper, a generalized neutrosophic divergence measure is proposed along with the proof of its validity and neutrosophic aggregation operators are discussed. The proposed measure is applied in decision-making for simplified neutrosophic sets. An illustrative example is provided to demonstrate the application and effectiveness of the developed approach and to test its practicality and legitimacy.
Improved Fall Detection Model on GRU Using PoseNet
Authors: Kang Hee-Yong , Kang Yoon-Kyu , Kim Jongbae
Published: October 2021

This paper investigate an improved detection method that estimates the acceleration of the head and shoulder key point position and position change using the skeleton key point information extracted using PoseNet from the image obtained from the low-cost 2D RGB camera, and improves the accuracy of fall judgment. This paper propose a fall detection method based on the post-fall characteristics of the post-fall, the speed of changes in the main point of the human body, and the change in the width and height ratio of the body's bounding box. The public data set was used to extract human skeletal features and train deep learning, GRU, and as a result of experiments, this paper find the following feature extraction methods. High classification accuracy can be achieved, and the proposed method showed a 99.8% fall detection success rate more effectively than the conventional method using raw skeletal data.
Dental conditions of Egyptian heads: radiological and direct examination
Authors: Peluso Alberto , De Agostini Virginia , Pettenati-Soubayroux Isabelle , Lallo Rudy , Bresci Ettore , Rabino Massa Emma
Published: October 2021

A study was carried out the dental conditions of 72 mummified heads of ancient Egypt preserved by the Department of Anthropological Sciences of the University of Turin.

From the research, made by means of radiological exams, it emerged that young people have excellent dental arches, while people of over 30 years of age show poor dental conditions in that they suffered from caries, abscesses and apical osteolysis caused by the complications of occlusal wear.

Such considerable wear is attributed to hard food, often polluted by abrasive particles, and to the long time needed for daily chewing. The hypothesis of extended chewing is also supported by the wear of the interproximal contacts and by the remodelling of the mandibular condyles.