bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN HIGIENITAS BOTOL SUSU DENGAN KEJADIAN DIARE DI WILAYAH PUSKESMAS KELAYAN TIMUR BANJARMASIN
Authors: Harris Muhammad Fathir Naman , Heriyani Farida , Hayatie Lisda
Published: August 2018

Abstract: Diarrhea is a contagious disease which still become public health main issue in the world includes Indonesia. South Borneo is in the twentieth province with most frequent diarrhea incident. Kelayan Timur is the second most frequent diarrhea incident public health center in Banjarmasin. One of the risk factors for diarrhea is milk bottle hygiene. This research aimed to understand the correlation between milk bottle hygiene and diarrhea incident in Kelayan Timur Public Health Center. This was analytic observational research with case control study. The data analyzed using a chi square test and prevalence odds ratio. There were 66 samples with 33 samples of case group which showed 21 samples (63,63%) of poor milk bottle hygiene and 12 samples (36,36%) of good milk bottle hygiene meanwhile in control group, there were 11 samples (33,33%) of poor milk bottle hygiene and 22 sample (66,66%) of good milk bottle hygiene. Analysis result shows p value=0,014 and OR=3,5 which means there is significant relation of milk bottle hygiene and diarrhea incident in Kelayan Timur Public Health Center. Infants with poor hygiene milk bottle have 3,5 times higher risk to suffer from diarrhea than infants with good hygiene. Keywords: milk bottle hygiene, diarrhea, Kelayan Timur Public Health Center Abstrak: Diare adalah penyakit infeksi menular yang masih menjadi masalah utama kesehatan masyarakat di seluruh dunia termasuk Indonesia. Kalimantan Selatan menduduki urutan kedua puluh dari semua provinsi yang tercatat sebagai daerah penyumbang diare terbanyak. Kelayan Timur adalah puskesmas dengan kejadian diare terbanyak kedua di Banjarmasin. Salah satu dari faktor risiko diare adalah higienitas botol susu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan higienitas botol susu dengan kejadian diare di wilayah Puskesmas Kelayan Timur. Penelitian bersifat observasional analitik dengan pendekatan case control. Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi-square dan prevalence odds ratio.Sampel yang diambil sebanyak 66 sampel, dimana 33 sampel yang diambil sebagai kelompok kasus menunjukkan 21 sampel (63,63%) dengan higienitas botol susu yang buruk dan 12 sampel (36,36%) dengan higienitas botol susu yang baik, sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol terdapat 11 sampel (33,33%)  dengan higienitas botol susu yang buruk dan 22 sampel (66,66%)  dengan higienitas botol susu yang baik. Hasil analisis mendapatkan nilai p=0,014 dan OR=3,5 sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan bermakna antara higienitas botol susu dengan kejadian diare di wilayah Puskesmas Kelayan Timur. Balita dengan higienitas botol susu yang buruk berisiko 3,5 kali lebih besar untuk menderita diare dibanding dengan higienitas botol susu yang baik. Kata-kata kunci:higienitas botol susu, diare, Puskesmas Kelayan Timur
AKTIVITAS LARVASIDA EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN BINJAI (Mangifera caesia) TERHADAP LARVA Aedes aegypti
Authors: Nadila Isfarani , Istiana Istiana , Wydiamala Erida
Published: August 2018

Abstract: Binjai leaf is known to have effective secondary metabolites as larvacide. The aim of this study was to recognize larvacidal effectivity of Binjai leaf ethanol extract toward Aedes aegypti larva. This was experimental study with posttest only control group design by using 7 treatment and 4 replication. Treatment was available from preliminary test which were 1000, 5000, 10.000, 15.000 and 20.000 (mg/L), negative xontrol (water) and positive control (themephos 100 mg/L). Probit test resulted in LC50 value=5493.390 mg/L and LC90 value=14988.861mg/L Kruskal-Wallis test resulted in p=0,000 which meaned there was an effect of binjai leaf ethanol extract toward Aedes aegypti larva. Meanwhile, Mann-Whitney test resulted in p=0,371 which meaned there was no significant difference between concentration of 20.000 mg/L and temephos 100 mg/L. In conclusion, binjai leaf (Mangifera caesia) ethanol extract have larvacidal activity as effective as temephos toward Aedes aegypti larva. Keywords: Larvacide, Binjai leaves, Aedes aegypti Abstrak: Daun binjai diketahui memiliki kandungan metabolit sekunder yang berpotensi sebagai larvasida. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas larvasida ekstrak etanol daun binjai terhadap larva Aedes aegypti. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis eksperimental dengan metode posttest only contol grup design menggunakan tujuh kelompok perlakuan dan 4 replikasi. Tujuh kelompok perlakuan tersebut adalah 5 serial konsentrasi yang diperoleh dari uji pendahuluan: 1000, 5000, 10.000, 15.000 dan 20.000 (mg/L), kontrol negatif (air) dan kontrol positif (temephos 100 mg/L). Hasil uji probit didapatkan  nilai LC50 dan LC90 sebesar 5493.390 dan 14988.861 (mg/L). Uji kruskal-Wallis didapatkan  nilai p=0,000, terdapat pengaruh ekstrak etanol daun binjai terhadap larva Aedes aegypti. Hasil uji Mann-whitney didapakan nilai  p=0,371, tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara konsentrasi 20.000 mg/L dengan kontrol positif. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini ekstrak etanol daun binjai memiliki aktivitas larvasida dan efektivitas setara dengan temephos 100 mg/L terhadap larva Aedes aegypti. Kata-kata kunci :  Larvasida, daun binjai, Aedes aegypti
CORRELATION TRIGLISERIDA LEVEL AND MONOCYTE IN CORONARY HEART DISEASE AT ULIN GENERAL HOSPITAL BANJARMASIN
Authors: Juwita Gusti Adistya Naila , Arifin Miftahul , Yuliana Ida
Published: August 2018

Abstract: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is an unbalance condition between oxygen supply and demand in heart muscle which caused by coronary artery obstruction known as atherosclerosis. Both triglyceride and monocyte have important role in the process of atherosclerosis plaque forming which cause CHD. This research aimed to analyse correlation between triglyceride level and monocyte count in patients with coronary heart disease at Ulin General Hospital Banjarmasin on August 2014-August 2015. This research is an analytical observational research with cross-sectional approach. Total sample for this research are 94 CHD patients selected by inclusion criteria. The result discovered the average rate for triglyceride level is 114 mg/dL and for monocyte count is 0,62 thousand/µL. Based on result of data analysis with Pearson correlation test demonstrates the value of r=0,347 and p=0,01. It can be concluded that there is weak, significant and positive correlation between triglyceride level and monocyte count in CHD patients Keywords: triglyceride, monocyte, coronary heart disease
IMMATURE TO TOTAL NEUTROPHIL RATIO (I/T RATIO) ON NORMAL AND SEPSIS RISK NEONATUS FACTOR AT ULIN GENERAL HOSPITAL BANJARMASIN
Authors: Noor Muhammad Rifky Ersadian , Hendriyono F.X. , Yunanto Ari
Published: August 2018

Abstract: Neonatal sepsis is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in neonates. Early diagnostic and appropriate treatment can reduce the mortality and morbidity rate. Immature neutrophil ratio tand total neutrophil (I/T ratio) can be used as one of early diagnostic tool of neonatal sepsis. The purpose of this research was to find difference of I/T ratio between normal neonates and neonates with sepsis risk factor at Ulin General Hospital Banjarmasin on April – June 2016. It was an analytic observational study and collected by accidental sampling. From 39 neonates, there was 23 normal neonates and 16 neonates with sepsis risk factor who diagnosed by competence pediatrics based on mayor and minor risk factor. Mean I/T ratio from normal neonates is 0,06 and neonates with sepsis risk factor is 0,16. From statistical test with independent T-test, there is significant difference p=0,000 (p<0,05). In conclusion, there is a difference of I/T Ratio between normal neonates and neonates with sepsis risk factor. Keywords: neonatal sepsis, I/T ratio, risk factor, neonates
CD4 LYMPHOCYTE IN HIV / AIDS BEFORE AND AFTER ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY
Authors: Prabowo Rangsang Bagus , Pertiwi Dewi Indah Noviana , Hendriyono FX.
Published: August 2018

Abstract: Human Immunodefficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus that decreases the human immunity system, therefore the infected people become susceptible to any kind of infections. Examination of CD4 lymphocyte count periodically is one of the antiretroviral therapy success indicators. The purpose of this research was to determine the difference of CD4 lymphocyte count before and after antiretroviral therapy at Ulin General Hospital Banjarmasin on 2013-2015. The method of this research was observational analytic with cross-sectional approach. The study population was 55 patients which were selected by inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results portrayed an increase of the CD4 lymphocyte count in 51 patients after being given four kinds of antiretroviral for 6 months with the mean increase in CD4 lymphocyte count was 92,72 cell/µL. Data analysis result with Wilcoxon test portrayed a difference of the CD4 lymphocyte count before and after antiretroviral therapy with p value=0,000. In conclusion, there was a significant difference of the CD4 lymphocyte count before and after antiretroviral therapy. Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus, CD4, lymphocyt, antiretroviral therapy
The Potential of Candida Biofilm Protein as Bioreceptor for Candidiasis Immunoassay
Authors: Masfufatun Masfufatun , Haryanto Loo , Harsono Harsono
Published: August 2018

Abstract: Candidiasis or infection that is caused by Candida has become a new list of the therapeutical problems recently. The difficulties in diagnosing are the main cause of the unsatisfactory results from common therapies and diagnosis methods. This has urged researchers to find alternative ways in candidiasis diagnosis such as serology-based detection using antigen or antibody development. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of protein derived from Candida albicans biofilm as bioreceptor on candidiasis immunoassay through Dot Blot method. The research method used descriptive method with the following stages: (1) preparation of Candida albicans biofilm (2) extraction of Candida albicans protein through enzymatic and mechanical methods, (3) determination of protein molecular weight with SDS-PAGE (4) production of polyclonal anti- candida and (5) analysis of protein extract as bioreeceptor on dot blot. Profile of biofilm proteins on SDS-PAGE analysis were shown on molecular weight 27,42; 29,89; 38,10; 44,90; 48,75; 52,92; 55,14; 59,86; 70,56; 87,36; 102,54;115,05; 130,14;143,14;181,53 kD. There were differences in the intensity of dots in the control group (44070) and treatment groups (63170.5). It is noticeable that biofilm protein extract of C. albicans can be used for induction of anti-Candida polyclonal antibody production as the potential candidate of bioreceptor in candidiasis immunoassay. Keywords: SDS-PAGE, polyclonal antibody, immunoassay, dot blot, biofilm
Potency of Purple Yam (Dioscorea alata L) as an Immunomodulatory Agent
Authors: Makiyah Sri Nabawiyati Nurul , Djati Muhammad Sasmito
Published: August 2018

Abstract: Purple yam tuber (Dioscorea alata L.) is one of tubers that has not been used optimally. One of the nutrients contained in Dioscorea species is Saponin Steroid. This paper aims to examine the potential of Steroid Saponin in purple yam tuber (Dioscorea alata L.) as an immunomodulatory agent. The method is by reviewing from various literatures. This article found that Steroid Saponin in purple yam tuber (Dioscorea alata L.) had a potency as an immunomodulatory agent. Keywords: Purple yam tuber (Dioscorea alata L), Steroid Saponin, Immunomodulatory
China on Stage: Assumptions and Strategies in South China Sea
Authors: Teixeira Victor Alexandre G.
Published: August 2018

This study attempts to better understand the geopolitical, geostrategic, and geo-economic underpinnings behind the USA’s so-called “Pivot to Asia” by analyzing the dynamics behind the South China Sea dispute. The emergence of Asia as the power epicenter of the world is the defining paradigm shift of our time; and China’s meteoric economic rise was the determining factor behind this repositioning of geopolitical polarity. The study analyzes this dispute from the perspectives of the Containment Theory, Assumptions, Geo-Economic Strategies and Power. It also points out solutions to the conflict through international law and cooperation. Finally, emphasizes the importance of both, the geostrategic point of view and a geopolitical standpoint and has demonstrated that the US policy strategies towards Asia and the SCS are not helpful at all. Instead of focusing on containing China, the US should embrace China as a trading partner and become a neutral player in matters of the region including South China Sea.
NDT Techniques Applied for the Inspection of Flare Stacks
Authors: Martín-Díaz Carlos , Rubio-Cintas María Dolores , Benaissa Kissi
Published: August 2018

Flare stacks are a key element in the safety of petrochemical and refinery industries; the correct operating conditions thereof must be ensured through a schedule for the periodic reviewing of all parts thereof. Advances in Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) in recent years and the application thereof to this field allow reliable, objective information to be obtained. This article describes and groups together the main applicable NDT techniques, analysing their advantages and disadvantages, updated with the new possibilities offered by unmanned aircraft or drones.
Novel Formation of Ferrite in Ingot of 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb Stainless Steel
Authors: Han Fei , Yu Haicheng , Dessau Jeffrey , Chen Xianghai
Published: August 2018

Ferrite body is the origin of crack and corrosion initiation of steels. Distribution and density of ferrite in seven steel ingots were examined by light optical microscopy and computational modeling in the study to explore the correlation of ferrite formation to chemical composition and mushy zone temperature in ingot forming. The central segregation phenomenon in ferrite distribution was observed in all the examined steel specimens except 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel. No significant difference was found in distribution and density of ferrite amongst zones of the surface, ½ radius and core in neither risers nor tails of 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb ingots. Additionally, fewer ferrite was found in 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb compared to other examined steels. The difference of ferrite formation in 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb elicited a debate on the traditional models explicating ferrite formation. Considering the compelling advantages in mechanical strength, plasticity and corrosion resistance, further investigation on the unusual ferrite formation in 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb would help understand the mechanism to improve steel quality. In summary, we observed that ferrite formation in steel was correlated with mushy zone temperature. The advantages of 0Crl7Ni4Cu4Nb in corrosion resistance and mechanical stability could be resulted from that fewer ferrites formed and distributed in a scattered manner in microstructure of the steel.
An Novel Explicit Model for Photovoltaic I-V Characteristic Prediction Based on Different Splitting Spectrum
Authors: Liu Luqing , Liu Wen , Zhang Xinyu , Ingenhoff Jan
Published: August 2018

Looking at different operating climatic conditions, the electrical behavior predicting photovoltaic modules gets very important. For the estimation of output power from photovoltaic (PV) plants this is a very essential and basic aspect. In this paper, the relationship between the I-V curve and the irradiation spectrum is discussed by combining the single diode model. An explicit elementary analytical model with two defined shape parameters is discussed and improved with three approximations and second order Taylor expansion. Then, the explicit elementary analytical model is investigated under varying conditions leveraging the four parameters Iph, I0, Rs and Rsh from the single diode model. The relationship between the physical parameters and the condition parameters are discussed and applied to extract the shape parameters at different scenarios. Considering the aging effect, the process of calculation to predict the I-V curve under different splitting spectra is simplified as follow: (1) two shape parameters are gotten from the I-V data at measurement reference conditions (MRC); (2) the short circuit current, open circuit voltage and shape parameters under any splitting spectrum can be calculated based on the relationship provided in article; (3) the performance of PV panel can be predicted with parameters. The validation of this model was experimentally proven leveraging monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic module with different splitting films. Results showed that the model accurately predicts the I-V characteristics for the examined PV modules at different irradiance spectra and cell temperatures. Moreover, the presented model performs superior compared to other investigated models when looking at accuracy and simplicity.
A Stress-Strain Model for Unconfined in Compression Considering the Size Effect
Authors: Yang Keun-Hyeok , Lee Yongjei , Mun Ju-Hyun
Published: August 2018

In this study, the model proposed by Yang et al. to generalize the stress–strain model for unconfined concrete with consideration of the size effect is expanded. Sim et al.’s compressive strength model that is based on the function of specimen width and aspect ratio was used for the maximum stress. In addition, a strain at the maximum stress was formulated as a function of compressive strength by considering the size effect using the regression analysis of datasets compiled from a wide variety of specimens. The descending branch after the peak stress was formulated with consideration of less dissipated area of fracture energy with the increase in specimen width and aspect ratio in the compression damage zone (CDZ) model. The key parameter for the slope of the descending branch was formulated as a function of specimen width and aspect ratio, concrete density, and compressive strength of concrete considering the size effect. Consequently, a rational stress–strain model for unconfined concrete was proposed. This model explains the trends of the peak stress and strain at the peak stress to decrease and the slope of the descending branch to increase, as the specimen width and aspect ratio increase. The proposed model agrees well with the test results, irrespective of the compressive strength of concrete, concrete type, specimen width and aspect ratio. In particular, the proposed model for the stress–strain curve rationally considered the effect of decreasing peak stress and increasing the descending branch slope, with the increase in specimen width and aspect ratio.
Air Pollution Assessment via Statistical Reasoning, and its Implications: A Case Study of Baekryeong Island in Republic of Korea
Authors: Chang Seok Ho , Lee Soonhui
Published: August 2018

Abstract: The frequency and intensity of air pollution are two of most critical issues the world faces in dealing with global environmental problems. They are both important areas that need to be improved. Our previous research [20] examines the assessment of fine dust pollution in Baekryeong island by statistical reasoning through one specific example of inland city (Yanggu) in Republic of Korea; however, given that Baekryeong Island is a remote island, there has been little focus on in-depth examination of its effect on the high density of fine dust in Baekryeong Island. The purpose of this article is twofold: (i) to examine the effect of a remote island on the high density of fine dust on Baekryeong Island using statistical reasoning and to provide a more specific statistical basis for the claim that one of the non-negligible factors influencing the high density of fine dust on Baekryeong Island is the geographic proximity to China; and (ii) to present brief discussion of fundamental cause of fine dust and global air pollution issues, which are not discussed in [20].
Modeling the Separation of Microorganisms in Bioprocesses by Flotation
Authors: Schmideder Stefan , Kirse Christoph , Hofinger Julia , Rollié Sascha , Briesen Heiko
Published: August 2018

Bioprocesses for the production of renewable energies and materials lack efficient separation processes for the utilized microorganisms such as algae and yeasts. Dissolved air flotation (DAF) and microflotation are promising approaches to overcome this problem. The efficiency of these processes depends on the ability of microorganisms to aggregate with microbubbles in the flotation tank. In this study, different new or adapted aggregation models for microbubbles and microorganisms are compared and investigated for their range of suitability to predict the separation efficiency of microorganisms from fermentation broths. The complexity of the heteroaggregation models range from an algebraic model to a 2D population balance model (PBM) including the formation of clusters containing several bubbles and microorganisms. The effect of bubble and cell size distributions on the flotation efficiency is considered by applying PBMs, as well. To determine the impact of the model assumptions, the modeling approaches are compared and classified for their range of applicability. Evaluating computational fluid dynamics (CFD) of a DAF system shows the heterogeneity of the fluid dynamics in the flotation tank. Since analysis of the streamlines of the tank show negligible backmixing, the proposed aggregation models are coupled to the CFD data by applying a Lagrangian approach.
Two-Dimensional Numerical Simulation Study on Bed-load Transport in Fluctuating Backwater Area: A Case-Study Reservoir in China
Authors: Luo Ming , Yu Heli , Huang Er , Ding Rui , Lu Xin
Published: August 2018

Numerical modeling of sedimentation and erosion in reservoirs is an active field of reservoir research. However, simulation of bed-load transport phenomena has rarely been applied to other water bodies, in particular, the fluctuating backwater area. This is because the complex morphological processes between hydrodynamics and sediment transport are generally challenging to accurately predict. In this study, the refinement and application of a two-dimensional shallow-water and bed-load transport model to the fluctuating backwater area is described. The model employs the finite volume method of the Godunov scheme and saturated sediment transport equations. The model was verified against experimental data of a scaled physical model. It was then applied to actual reservoir operation, including reservoir storage, reservoir drawdown and continuous flood process, to predict the morphology of reservoir sedimentation and sediment transport rates and bed level changes in the fluctuating backwater area. It was found that the location and morphology of sedimentation effected by the downstream water level results in random evolution of the river bed, and bed-load sedimentation is transported from upstream to downstream with the slope of the longitudinal section of the river bed generally reduced. Moreover, the sediment is mainly deposited in the main channel and the elevation difference between the riverbank and channel decreases gradually.
High-Throughput Direct Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics to Characterize Metabolite Fingerprints Associated with Alzheimer’s Disease Pathogenesis
Authors: González-Domínguez Raúl , Sayago Ana , Fernández-Recamales Ángeles
Published: August 2018

Direct mass spectrometry-based metabolomics has been widely employed in the last years to characterize metabolic alterations underlying to Alzheimer’s disease development and progression. This high-throughput approach presents a great potential for fast and simultaneous fingerprinting of a vast number of metabolites, which can be applied to multiple biological samples such as serum/plasma, urine, cerebrospinal fluid and tissues. In this review article we present the main advantages and drawbacks of metabolomics based on direct mass spectrometry compared with conventional analytical techniques, and provide a comprehensive revision of the literature on the application of these tools in Alzheimer’s disease research.
Effect of Glucosamine on Intraocular Pressure
Authors: Esfandiari Hamed , Basith Syeda Sumara Taranum , Loewen Nils A.
Published: August 2018

Glucosamine is the most common nutrition supplement used in the United States. It is promoted not only as a pain reliever but also a therapy to slow osteoarthritis. Although studies with 3,800 patients with osteoarthritis of the knee or hip found that glucosamine was no better than placebo, it continues to be used for these two indications due to its perceived safety. However, reports of an increased intraocular pressure are alarming, especially in glaucoma. Glycosaminoglycans play a key role in the physiology of the cornea, conventional outflow of aqueous humor and the retina. In theory, long-term treatment with glucosamine could reach a concentration that impacts the morphology and function of ocular tissues. We recommend ophthalmologists counsel glaucoma patients about the potential risks of glucosamine and encourage cessation in uncontrolled intraocular pressure.
Dependency of Charge-Discharge Rate on Lithium Reaction Distributions for a Commercial Lithium Coin Cell Visualized by Compton Scattering Imaging
Authors: Suzuki Kosuke , Kanai Ryo , Tsuji Naruki , Yamashige Hisao , Orikasa Yuki , Uchimoto Yoshiharu , Sakurai Yoshiharu , Sakurai Hiroshi
Published: August 2018

In this study, lithium reaction distributions, dependent on charge-discharge rate, were nondestructively visualized for a commercial lithium-ion battery, using the Compton scattering imaging technique. By comparing lithium reaction distributions obtained from two different charge-discharge speeds, residual lithium ions were detected at the center of the negative electrode on a fully discharged state, by relatively high-speed discharge rate. Moreover, we confirmed that inhomogeneous reactions were facilitated on a relatively high-speed charge-discharge rate, in both the negative and positive electrodes. A feature of our technique is that it can be applied to commercially used lithium-ion batteries, because it uses high-energy X-rays with a high penetration power. Our technique thus opens a novel analyzing pathway for developing advanced batteries.
Highly-efficient longitudinal second-harmonic generation from doubly-resonant AlGaAs nanoantennas
Authors: Xu Lei , Rahmani Mohsen , Smirnova Daria , Zangeneh Kamali Khosro , Zhang Guoquan , Neshev Dragomir , Miroshnichenko Andrey
Published: August 2018

We design an asymmetric nonlinear optical nanoantenna composed of a dielectric nanodisk and an adjacent nanobar. The proposed composite structure made of AlGaAs exhibits resonant response at both the fundamental and doubled frequencies. Being driven by the strong magnetic dipole resonance at the pump wavelength and a high-quality mode at the harmonic wavelength, the efficient second-harmonic radiation is generated predominantly along the vertical directions under the normally incident plane-wave excitation.
Stability and Gait Planning of 3-UPU Hexapod Walking Robot
Authors: Li Ruiqin , Meng Hongwei , Bai Shaoping , Yao Yinyin , Zhang Jianwei
Published: August 2018

The paper presents an innovative hexapod walking robot built with 3-UPU parallel mechanism. In the robot, the parallel mechanism is used as both an actuator to generate walking and also a connecting body to connect two groups of three legs, thus enables the robot to walk with simple gait by very few motors. In the paper, the forward and inverse kinematics solutions are obtained. The workspace of the parallel mechanism is analyzed using limit boundary search method. The walking stability of the robot is analyzed, which yields the robot’s maximum step length. The gait planning of the hexapod walking robot is studied for walking on both flat and uneven terrains. The new robot, combining the advantages of parallel robot and walking robot, has a large carrying capacity, strong passing ability, flexible turning ability, and simple gait control for its deployment for uneven terrain.
Analyzing academic stress in adolescence and their relationship with students’ psychological and physical well-being: Development and validation of the Questionnaire of Academic Stress in Secondary Education
Authors: García-Ros Rafael , Pérez-González Francisco , Tomás José M.
Published: August 2018

This study presents the validation process of the Questionnaire on Academic Stress in Secondary Education –QASSE-, designed to assess the wide variety of school sources and situations related to academic stress in adolescence, and their relationship with students’ physical and psychological well-being. Participants were 860 Spanish high school students (52.9% girls) with an average age of 14.62 years (SD = 1.8). Through a cross-validation process, EFA and CFA supported QASSE multifactorial structure with four first-order factors -academic overload, interaction with classmates, family pressure, and future-oriented perspective- and a second-order factor of academic stress, showing a significant and intense relationship with adolescents’ psychological and physical well-being. Results also highlight the effects of the gender*educational level interaction on the students’ stress, with girls showing higher levels of stress in the transition courses between educational phases (sophomore and junior years). The QASSE demonstrates good validity and reliability, showing potential for both research and educational application. The results show the high impact of the QASSE dimensions on psychological and physical well-being in adolescence, highlighting its special usefulness for designing and adjusting educational prevention and intervention actions in this area to the students’ specific characteristics and needs
Advantages and Disadvantages of Warehouse Centralization - Hospital Case
Authors: Simões Jorge , Cartaxo Jorge , Loureiro Ruben , Santos Bruno , Silva Silvio
Published: August 2018

In the area of health, namely hospitals, we can agree that the intrinsic need to have multidisciplinary teams, highly specialized and indispensable resources leads us to a degree of complexity that requires, daily, the best performance, not running away from the logistics area to the rule. The centralization of resources, namely distribution warehouses, emerges as a challenge and possible solution for health institutions to respond in the best possible way to their main purpose: to put the right material in the right place at the right price in the right time space. As regards the advantages of this type of organization, there are several authors who argues that the need for human resources training, ease of coordination and the use of economies of scale are the main advantage. As far as the disadvantages are concerned, there is no special agreement on them, there are disparate factors from author to author, such as: routine, centralization, objectives or operation costs.
Cities, from Information to Interaction
Authors: Netto Vinicius M. , Brigatti Edgardo , Meirelles João , Ribeiro Fabiano , Pace Bruno , Cacholas Caio , Sanches Patricia
Published: August 2018

From physics to the social sciences, information is now seen as a fundamental component of reality. However, a form of information seems still underestimated, perhaps precisely because it is so pervasive that we take it for granted: the information encoded in the very environment we live in. We still do not fully understand how information takes the form of cities, and how our minds deal with it in order to learn about the world, make daily decisions, and take part in the complex system of interactions we create as we live together. This paper addresses three related problems that need to be solved if we are to understand the role of environmental information: (1) the physical problem: how can we create and preserve information in the built environment? (2) The semantic problem: how do we make environmental information meaningful? And (3) the pragmatic problem: how do we enact environmental information in our lives? Attempting to devise a solution to these problems, it proposes a framework to approach how information bridges minds, environment and society, and helps us create large-scale systems of interaction.
Mengembangkan Koperasi Syariah di Indonesia: Pendekatan Interpretative Structural Modelling (ISM)
Authors: Rusydiana Aam Slamet , Devi Abrista
Published: August 2018

Despite growing rapidly, but Islamic cooperatives are still experiencing many obstacles in its development, both from the internal, external and regulatory side. This study attempts to identify the factors of needs, activities, and objectives in the development of sharia cooperatives in Indonesia, using the Interpretative Structural Modelling (ISM) approach. The results of this study provide some conclusions include: (1) Elements of the needs of the key key in sharia cooperative development strategy in Indonesia to improve SMEs is the need for strong support on the legal aspects of sharia cooperatives, (2) Elements of activities that are key to Shariah cooperative development are to conduct training and certification programs for shariah cooperative management and members, and (3) Elements of actors/institutions that are key in sharia cooperative development strategy in Indonesia to improve UMKM is sharia financial institution.Walaupun tumbuh dengan pesat, namun koperasi syariah masih mengalami banyak kendala dalam pengembangannya, baik dari sisi internal, eksternal maupun regulasi. Penelitian ini mencoba untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor kebutuhan, aktifitas dan tujuan dalam pengembangan koperasi syariah di Indonesia, dengan pendekatan metode Interpretative Structural Modelling (ISM). Hasil penelitian memberikan beberapa kesimpulan, antara lain: (1) Elemen kebutuhan yang menjadi kunci utama dalam strategi pengembangan koperasi syariah di Indonesia untuk meningkatkan UMKM adalah perlu adanya dukungan yang kuat pada aspek hukum koperasi syariah, (2) Elemen aktifitas yang menjadi kunci utama dalam pengembangan koperasi syariah adalah mengadakan training dan program sertifikasi bagi manajemen koperasi syariah dan anggota, dan (3) Elemen pelaku/lembaga yang menjadi kunci utama dalam strategi pengembangan koperasi syariah di Indonesia untuk meningkatkan UMKM adalah lembaga keuangan syariah.
Pengaruh Penerapan Nilai-nilai Islami dan Komitmen Organisasional terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pemasaran Bank Umum Syariah di Jawa Barat
Authors: Suherman Usep Deden
Published: August 2018

Implementation of Islamic values is necessary for the development of the organization today, in order to impact organizational commitment and employee performance. The purpose of this study is is to determine and analyze the influence of Islamic values and organizational commitment to the performance of marketing employees of Sharia Commercial Bank in West Java. The method used is a descriptive and explanatory survey, by taking 100 samples of marketing employees, with sample accidental sampling technique and data analysis using path analysis. The research findings show that the implementation of Islamic values and organizational commitment partially or together have an impact on the performance of marketing employees of Sharia Commercial Bank in West Java. that the application of Islamic values and organizational commitment partially or together has an impact on the performance of marketing employees of Sharia Commercial Bank in West Java. Furthermore, the determinant value obtained is worth 0.892, this gives the meaning that Islamic values and organizational commitment are able to explain the performance of marketing employees worth 89.2%. Meanwhile, 10.8% was due to other factors.Penerapan nilai-nilai Islami diperlukan dalam perkembangan organisasi saat ini, agar berdampak terhadap komitmen organisasional dan kinerja karyawan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh nilai-nilai Islami dan komitmen organisasional terhadap kinerja karyawan pemasaran Bank Umum Syariah di Jawa Barat. Metode yang digunakan adalah descriptive dan explanatory survey, dengan mengambil sampel 100 orang karyawan pemasaran, teknik sampel accidental sampling dan analisis data menggunakan path analysis. Dari penelitian ini ditemukan hasil bahwa penerapan nilai-nilai Islami dan komitmen organisasional secara parsial maupun bersama-sama mempunyai dampak terhadap kinerja karyawan pemasaran Bank Umum Syariah di Jawa Barat. Selanjutnya, nilai determinan diperoleh senilai 0.892, hal ini memberikan makna bahwa nilai-nilai Islami dan komitmen organisasional mampu menjelaskan kinerja karyawan pemasaran senilai 89,2%. Sementara itu, senilai 10,8% disebabkan oleh faktor lainnya.
Current Non-viral siRNA Delivery Systems as a Promising Treatment of Skin Diseases
Authors: Rosa Juliana , Suzuki Isabella , Kravicz Marcelo , Caron Angelo , Pupo Ana Vitória , Praça Fabíola Garcia , Bentley Maria Vitória Lopes Badra
Published: August 2018

Background:

Gene therapy is a new approach to discover and treat many diseases. It has attracted
considerable attention from researchers in the last decades. The gene therapy through RNA interference has been
considered one of the most recent and revolutionary approaches used in individualized therapy. In the last years,
we have witnessed the rapid development in the field of the gene silencing and knockdown by topical siRNA. Its
application in gene therapy has become an attractive alternative for drug development.

Methods:

This article will address topical delivery of siRNA as a promising treatment for skin disorders. An
update on the advances in siRNA-based nanocarriers as a powerful therapeutic strategy for several skin diseases
will be discussed giving emphasis on in vitro evaluations.

Results:

Through the in-depth review of the literature on the use of siRNAs for skin diseases we realize how
widespread this use is. We have also realized that nanoparticles as non-viral vectors are increasingly being explored.
Skin diseases where the use of siRNA has been explored most are skin cancer (melanoma and nonmelanoma),
psoriasis, vitiligo, dermatitis and leprosy. But we also report here other diseases where the use of
siRNA has been growing as acne, alopecia areata, cutaneous leishmaniasis, mycoses, herpes, epidermolysis bullosa
and oculocutaneous albinism. Also highlighted, the first clinical trial of siRNA for cutaneous diseases, aimed
at Pathyounychia Congenita.

Conclusion:

The treatment of skin diseases based on topical delivery of siRNA, which act by inhibiting the expression
of target transcripts, offers many potential therapeutic advantages for suppressing genes into the skin.
Aspects of Drug-Protein Binding and Methods of Analyzing the Phenomenon
Authors: Wanat Karolina , Brzezińska Elżbieta , Sobańska Anna W.
Published: August 2018

In recent decades, drug-protein interactions have been widely studied and several methods of analysis
of these phenomena have been developed and improved. These can be classified into separation, physical, chromatographic
and electrophoretic methods. This review depicts the assumptions and mechanisms of methods from
each group, details their strengths and weaknesses, and presents examples of their usage from the literature. Equilibrium
dialysis, ultrafiltration, Hummel-Dreyer method or high performance affinity chromatography are given
as representative examples, but this issue is far more expanded. Nowadays, increasing attention is paid to the
computational methods and molecular modeling which are convenient tools to estimate protein binding affinity
based on the physicochemical properties of compounds. To gain a broader overview, the study also examines the
protein binding ability and pharmacotherapy of drugs against a range of substrates such as plasma, skin, tissue
and human milk.
The Possible Impact of Hyperuricemia on Serum Soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation end Products (sRAGE) Levels in Teenagers: A Case Control Study
Authors: Lemiesz Marta , Tenderenda-Banasiuk Edyta , Sosnowska Dorota , Rybi-Szumińska Agnieszka , Storonowicz Justyna , Lemiesz Tomasz , Wasilewska Anna
Published: August 2018

Background:

Dietary advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their interactions with the soluble
receptors for AGEs (RAGE) play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases.

Objective:

This study was set out to assess, whether there was any association between serum sRAGE level and
serum uric acid level in children with hyperuricemia.

Methods:

This case-control study involved 53 patients (12 girls, 41 boys) with hyperuricemia (defined as serum
uric acid >4.8 and >5.5 mg/dl in girls and boys, respectively) aged (median [IQR]) (15.5 [13.5-15.5] years).
Thirty-six healthy individuals with normal serum uric acid level were selected as a reference group. Additionally,
the study group with hyperuricemia was divided into two groups: HU-HT (hypertensive n=25) and HU-NT (normotensive
n=28) teenagers. The serum concentration of human sRAGE was measured using a commercially
available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit.

Results:

We found statistically significant differences in serum sRAGE levels between normotensive subjects
with hyperuricemia (median [IQR]) (169.8 [148.3-231.1] pg/ml) and reference group (median [IQR]) (129
[107.4-175.3] pg/ml), p<0.01. Univariate analysis of the data revealed a positive correlation between serum
sRAGE and serum uric acid in the study group (r=0.306, p<0.05).

Conclusion:

Our data showed that serum soluble receptors for AGEs are increased in teenagers with hyperuricemia.
In contrast, neither hypertension nor increased BMI had a significant influence on serum sRAGE concentration.
Further studies are needed to discover the possible mechanism on the influence of uric acid on sRAGE levels
and to assess its possible clinical significance.
Design, Synthesis of New Pyridine and Pyrimidine Sugar Compounds as Antagonists Targeting the ERα via Structure-Based Virtual Screening
Authors: Nassar Ibrahim F. , El-Sayed Wael A. , Ragab Tamer I.M. , Shalaby Al Shimaa Gamal , Mehany Ahmed B.M.
Published: August 2018

Background: New aryl substituted cyclohepta[b]pyridine and cyclohepta[d]pyrimidine derivatives were synthesized. The sugar hydrazones of the synthesized pyridine and pyrimidine compounds were also prepared.  Method: In addition, the 1,3,4-oxadiazolyl acyclic C-nucleoside analogs of the pyridine system were prepared. The hemolytic, prebiotic, anticancer and antimicrobial activities of some of the synthesized compounds were also studied. Compounds 10 and 12 showed high activity against MCF-7, HEPG-2 and HCT-116 cell lines with IC50 at range 3.56-8.55 µg/mL. In addition, the synthesized condensed thiopyrimidine derivative 10 exhibited more potent bactericidal activity while compound 7 demonstrated potent antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger. Furthermore, the synthetic compounds of the pyrimidine base promoted the growth of lactic acid bacteria.  Results: The predicted binding patterns of three of the prepared derivatives as possible antagonists against ERα were investigated which showed good binding patterns.
Advances in Computational Studies of Potential Drug Targets in Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Alladi Subha Mahadevi
Published: August 2018

Tuberculosis continues to remain as one of the leading causes of death worldwide, in spite of
significant progress being made in the last twenty years through increased compliance to treatment. The
current review gives an overview of the recent efforts made in the endeavor to identify novel inhibitors
and promising drug targets for Mycobacterium tuberculosis with structure and ligand-based approaches
along with bioinformatics studies following complete sequencing of its genome. A large number of
these studies target biomolecules in metabolic pathways that are vital for the survival of the microorganism.
A discussion on efforts to study metalloproteins as relatively underexplored targets in the context of
their druggability is also presented.
The Action of Polyphenols in Diabetes Mellitus and Alzheimer's Disease: A Common Agent for Overlapping Pathologies
Authors: Silveira Ana C. , Dias Jane Pires , Santos Vanessa M. , Oliveira Pedro Fontes , Alves Marco G. , Rato Luís , Silva Branca M.
Published: August 2018

:

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are two prevalent diseases in modern societies, which are caused mainly by current lifestyle, aging and genetic alterations. It has already been demonstrated that these two diseases are associated, since individuals suffering from DM are prone to develop AD. Conversely, it is also known that individuals with AD are more susceptible to DM, namely type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Therefore, these two pathologies, although completely different in terms of symptomatology, end up sharing several mechanisms at the molecular level, with the most obvious being the increase of oxidative stress and inflammation.

:

Polyphenols are natural compounds widely spread in fruits and vegetables whose dietary intake has been considered inversely proportional to the incidence of DM and AD. So, it is believed that this group of phytochemicals may have preventive and therapeutic potential, not only by reducing the risk and delaying the development of these pathologies, but also by improving brain’s metabolic profile and cognitive function.

:

The aim of this review is to understand the extent to which DM and AD are related pathologies, the degree of similarity and the relationship between them, to detail the molecular mechanisms by which polyphenols may exert a protective effect, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, and highlight possible advantages of their use as common preventive and therapeutic alternatives.
Identification and Characterization of Chemical Compounds that Inhibit Leucyl-tRNA Synthetase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Zamacona Regina , Chavero Pamela N. , Medellin Eduardo , Hu Yanmei , Hughes Casey A. , Quach Nathalie , Keniry Megan , Bullard James M.
Published: August 2018

Background:

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic multi-drug resistance pathogen
implicated as the causative agent in a high-percentage of nosocomial and community acquired
bacterial infections. The gene encoding leucyl-tRNA synthetase (LeuRS) from P. aeruginosa was
overexpressed in Escherichia coli and the resulting protein was characterized.

Methods:

LeuRS was kinetically evaluated and the KM values for interactions with leucine, ATP and
tRNA were 6.5, 330, and 3.0 μM, respectively. LeuRS was developed into a screening platform using
scintillation proximity assay (SPA) technology and used to screen over 2000 synthetic and natural
chemical compounds.

Results:

The initial screen resulted in the identification of two inhibitory compounds, BT03C09 and
BT03E07. IC50s against LeuRS observed for BT03C09 and BT03E07 were 23 and 15 μM,
respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined against nine clinically
relevant bacterial strains. In time-kill kinetic analysis, BT03C09 was observed to inhibit bacterial
growth in a bacteriostatic manner, while BT03E07 acted as a bactericidal agent. Neither compound
competed with leucine or ATP for binding LeuRS. Limited inhibition was observed in
aminoacylation assays with the human mitochondrial form of LeuRS, however when tested in
cultures of human cell line, BT03C09 was toxic at all concentration whereas BT03E07 only showed
toxic effects at elevated concentrations.

Conclusion:

Two compounds were identified as inhibitors of LeuRS in a screen of over 2000 natural
and synthetic compounds. After characterization one compound (BT03E07) exhibited broad spectrum
antibacterial activity while maintaining low toxicity against human mitochondrial LeuRS as well as
against human cell cultures.