bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intestinal microbiota shifts as a marker of thermal stress during extreme heat summer episodes in farmed gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)
Authors: Domingo-Bretón Ricardo , Cools Steven , Moroni Federico , Belenguer Álvaro , Calduch-Giner Josep Àlvar , Croes Evi , Holhorea Paul George , Naya-Català Fernando , Boon Hans , Pérez-Sánchez Jaume
Published: August 2024

Climate change and its associated extreme events alter a number of physiological processes that also affect the homeostatic relationship of the host with their microbial communities. The aim of this study was to gain more insights on this issue, examining the effect of the record breaking-heat summer of 2022 on the gut microbiota of farmed gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata), reared from May to August at the IATS research infrastructure (Spain´s Mediterranean coast). Fish were fed daily with four experimental diets, containing two different lipid levels (16% and 14%) with/without a commercial emulsifier (0.1%; Volamel Aqua, Nukamel). On August 9th, concurrently with the historical record of water temperature (30.49 ºC), fish were sampled for analysis of blood-stress markers and water/intestinal microbiota. Gut microbiota analysis clearly evidenced the increased abundance of bacteria of Spirochaetota phylum, mainly represented by the genus Brevinema. This microbiota shift was not driven by environmental colonization as this bacteria genus remained residual in water samples with the increase of temperature. Bayesian network and functional enrichment analyses suggested that the high abundance of Brevinema exploits and negatively enhances a condition of imbalance in intestinal homeostasis, which was almost completely reversed by the use of dietary emulsifiers in combination with low energized diets. This phenotype restoration occurred in concomitance with changes in circulating levels of cortisol and glucose. Altogether this highlights the potential use of Brevinema as a heat-stress biomarker, reinforcing the value of dietary intervention as a valuable solution to mitigate the negative impact of global warming on aquaculture production.
Thermal-Hydraulic Coupling Solution: Quantifying velocity and temperature fields in convective heat transfer from sparse data
Authors: Xu Ruina , Weng Qingyan , Cao Yuli , Lu Haowei , Jiang Pei-xue
Published: August 2024

Thermal-hydraulic coupling system, a physical process where flow and heat transfer interact mutually, is ubiquitous in nature and industrial applications. Although experimental measurements and solution of governing equations can be used to quantify physical fields such as velocity and temperature, acquiring dense and high-fidelity data is still challenging and costly. Here, we develop a physics-informed deep learning framework, the Thermal-Hydraulic Coupling Solution (THCS), that simultaneously exploits the information available from sparse data and governing equations (mass, momentum, and energy). THCS is composed of a physics-informed neural network, a thermal property mapping module, and a hydraulic parameterization modeling module. To demonstrate its capability, we choose the supercritical fluid turbulent convection, characterized by sharp changes in thermal properties when fluids cross the pseudocritical temperature. The ablation experiments demonstrate that THCS shows favorable generalizability and robustness, and the proposed multi-head structures improve both the convergence stability and prediction accuracy of models. Finally, we apply THCS to practical experiment scenarios, demonstrating its potential to directly quantify physical fields from sparse data.
Microscopic insights into Cu-N-C catalyst stability and leaching mechanisms through orbital interactions
Authors: Chen Yuanzheng , Zhang Xiaotao , Wang H.Y. , Tang Yongliang , Feng Yuan Ping , Chen Zhongfang , Lu Haiyan
Published: August 2024

Copper-nitrogen-codoped graphene (Cu-N-C) single-atom catalysts (SACs) feature an intriguing dynamic transformation between copper single atoms and clusters under electrochemical conditions, a behavior absent in the other metal-centered M-N-C SACs. Yet, the underlying cause of this distinctive phenomenon remains poorly understood. Herein, we delve into the modulation of electronic structure in M-N-C SACs by the solvent effects and electrochemical potentials, revealing the leaching mechanisms of copper atoms based on Crystal Field Theory (CFT) and hybrid-solvation constant potential method. We demonstrate that in M-N-C SACs, the orientation of d-orbitals nearest to the Fermi level determines the stability of M-N bonds. The d9 electronic configuration of copper imparts the Cu-N bond with the highest sensitivity to external voltage. Meanwhile, it is revealed that proton transfer (PT) on central copper atoms rearranges the energy levels of d-orbitals near the Fermi level, accelerating charge accumulation in the anti-bonding state in Cu-N bonds and ultimately inducing copper atoms leaching. These findings provide microscopic insights into the interaction between electronic orbitals and leaching behaviors in Cu-N-C SACs, advancing the mechanistic understanding of dynamic phenomena in electrochemical systems.
Integral force-based design approach for the seismic analysis and design of liquid storage tanks
Authors: Chatterji Soumitra , Butenweg Christoph , Klinkel Sven
Published: August 2024

Historical observations reveal that Liquid Storage Tanks (LST) have suffered significant earthquake-induced damages. The structural response of LST are sensitive to earthquakes due to dynamic fluid-tank interaction. Since designing with consideration of fluid-tank interaction in the time domain is complex, simplified calculation approaches have been developed to calculate base shear and overturning moments, but not pressure distributions. These approaches distinguish between flexible and rigid tanks, which is difficult to decide prior analysis. This paper presents an integral calculation concept that determines support reactions and pressure distributions independently of the tank's stiffness by applying static equivalent loads. The research focuses on the distinction between rigid and flexible design approaches, review existing codes, their limitations, and challenges associated with relative acceleration response spectra. It scrutinizes varying definitions of impulsive components and superposition principles. An integral force-based design approach is suggested that integrates rigid and flexible design principles into a unified method. The approach uses standardized pressure curves of individual hydrodynamic pressure components, linked with absolute and relative spectral accelerations and appropriate superposition methods. The integral formulation is validated through a previously conducted experimental and numerical research on above-ground steel tank. The validation and application of the integral approach forms the basis for the new generation of Eurocode prEN 1998-4, which is demonstrated for different tank geometries. The practical application is demonstrated on a squat and a slender tank using linear finite element (FE) model, and the results are compared with various approaches in the international standards and literature.
Doença de Hirschsprung em Neonatologia: Um Relato de Caso
Authors: Spagnol Daiane , Predebon Julia Camargo , Dallanora Joana Schnur , Hofmann Silvia Regina , Oliveira Fernanda de
Published: August 2024

A doença de Hirschsprung (DH) ou megacólon congênito caracteriza-se por uma malformação congênita do sistema nervoso entérico que leva à ausência de células ganglionares no plexo submucoso e mioentérico em variadas porções do intestino. O artigo em questão, tem como objetivo reportar um caso de DH em uma paciente recém-nascida. Caracteriza-se por ser um estudo observacional, do tipo relato de caso, em que as informações foram obtidas através do prontuário eletrônico de uma paciente pertencente ao Serviço de Enfermaria Pediátrica de um hospital da região Norte do Rio Grande do Sul, fundamentado a partir de um consentimento informado acerca do trabalho desenvolvido, assinado por ambos os responsáveis legais da paciente. A paciente apresentava retardo na eliminação de mecônio, vômitos e distensão abdominal, sendo então suspeitada a DH. O diagnóstico se deu por meio da biópsia de região seromuscular de sigmóide distal. Após, foi realizado tratamento cirúrgico por meio da confecção de colostomia temporária. A paciente recebeu alta hospitalar com melhora dos sintomas, com plano de construção do trânsito intestinal no futuro. Por se tratar de uma doença grave com grande impacto na qualidade de vida, é importante o acompanhamento de equipe multidisciplinar a fim de diagnosticar e tratar precocemente.
Análise Epidemiológica das Doenças Exantemáticas em Crianças de 0-9 Anos entre 2018 e 2022 no Brasil
Authors: Borges Tayná de Farias , Cavalcante Ingrid Mikaelly Cardoso , Martins Guilherme Henrique Pereira Franco , Fontes Mariana Spinola , Pinheiro Nássara Letícia Müller , Araújo Matheus Nassar Alves de , Souza Louise Fagundes Ribas , Machado Lara Cândida de Souza
Published: August 2024

Objetivo: Determinar o perfil epidemiológico das doenças exantemáticas  no Brasil no período de 2018 a 2022, além de analisar a provável ligação do aumento do número de casos com a cobertura vacinal não plena. Método: Trata-se um estudo observacional, com delineamento descritivo, transversal, retrospectivo, ecológico e com abordagem quantitativa, sendo realizadas análises em bancos de dados do Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação (Sinan) e do Programa Nacional de Imunizações (PNI). Resultados: O total de casos confirmados foi 13.557, com predomínio da doença na macrorregião sudeste (55,53%) e no sexo masculino (51,3%). Em relação à faixa etária, constatou-se que, no período de 2018 a 2022, a maior prevalência ocorreu em <1 ano, com 52,29%, seguido de 37,50 % para a faixa de 1 a 4 anos. A cura ficou em torno de 90,4%, com apenas 31 casos de óbitos notificados.  A cobertura vacinal total ficou abaixo de 90% em todas as regiões brasileiras. Conclusão: Verifica-se um aumento do número de casos de sarampo e rubéola, em consonância a cobertura vacinal apresenta uma diminuição em relação ao período analisado.
Sufism and Peace: The Profile and Role of Shaykh Husamuddin in the Deradicalisation Program
Authors: Suratno Suratno
Published: August 2024

This article examines the contribution of Sufism to peace by studying the role of Shaykh Husamuddin Martin Mayer in the deradicalisation program in Germany. Shaykh Husam has a unique background as a convert (Muallaf), Sufi figure, anthropologist and peace activist. This study used a qualitative method in which the data were obtained through documentation studies and interviews. Data were analysed using the theory of the Sufism Peace Paradigm and the eight Stages of Psychosocial Development theory. This study revealed that Sufism correlates and could contribute positively to creating peace. This is evident in the profile of Shaykh Husam, a convert (muallaf) who then became a murshid of the Naqshbandi-Haqqani Order (NHO) and is active in the deradicalisation program in Germany. In his opinion, Sufism can function as a coping mechanism that is effective for today's social, political and religious challenges, including deradicalisation peace programs, such as peace-making, peace-building, and peace-keeping.Contribution: This study contributes to revealing the role of sufism in creating peace and a deradicalisation program initiated by Shaykh Husam in Germany.
Biomechanical surface roughness analysis of ramie-low melt polyester nonwovens exposed to plasma
Authors: Paramahasti Markus , Galih Vidia Putra Valentinus , Yusuf Yusril
Published: August 2024

This study aims to characterize ramie-low melt polyester nonwoven fabrics treated with low-temperature plasma and to analyze 3-D images based on object-depth mapping (ODM) using the MATLAB® R2022a software. We examined the low-temperature plasma treatment of nonwoven ramie fabrics using a plasma generator with 30 kV output power, six-minute treatment times, and a 4.5 cm distance between electrodes. The fabric’s chemical properties and surface topography were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). An analysis of the SEM images was performed using a statistical approach and image processing to determine the level of surface roughness. FTIR analysis revealed that fabrics exposed for six minutes differed from those that were not. Our findings indicated that plasma treatment caused the following: 1) Ramie fabrics to become more hydrophilic, as shown by their increased T% in the FTIR of hydrophilic functional groups such as hydroxyl (O-H), carboxyl (-COOH), and carbonyl (C=O); 2) A higher surface roughness was observed in nonwoven fabric during SEM testing and image processing; 3) Plasma treatment of fabrics resulted in a higher coefficient of variation (CV) than untreated fabrics; 4) Nonwoven fabric mass reduction. Based on this study, we found the relationship between plasma-treated ramie fabric and textiles in biomechanics. Plasma treatment reduced the mass of ramie fabric by 0.11 %, according to our findings. We found that the greater the mass reduction, the greater the surface roughness value. The novelty of this study is the use of 3-D images based on object-depth mapping (ODM) using the MATLAB® R2022a software in SEM to observe surface roughness to the physical properties of ramie fabric for the first time.
Rolling bearing fault analysis based on variational mode decomposition and multiscale arrangement entropy
Authors: Yu Shijun , Liu Haorui , Zhu Hengwei , Hu Kai , Liu Yanxu
Published: August 2024

Rolling bearings in operation will appear nonlinear characteristics of the fault vibration signal. In the process of fault feature extraction, a single permutation entropy (PE) produces unsatisfactory results and low accuracy. In this paper, a new diagnostic method was proposed, which was based on variational mode decomposition (VMD) and multiscale permutation entropy (MPE) to diagnose and analyze rolling bearing faults, multi-scale aligned entropy features of intrinsic mode function (IMF) of faulty vibration signals were extracted, and then support vector machine (SVM) and K-nearest neighbor algorithm (KNN) were used to analyze these features, and the maximum attribution metrics were used to determine classification results. The test results show that this method can improve the detection accuracy by comparing with other test analysis methods.
Cross-domain manifold structure preservation for transferable and cross-machine fault diagnosis
Authors: Li Can , Wang Guangbin , Zhao Shubiao , Zhong Zhixian , Lv Ying
Published: August 2024

To address the decline or failure in the autonomous learning capability of traditional transfer learning methods when training and test samples come from different machines, resulting in low cross-machine fault diagnosis rates, we propose a cross-domain manifold structure preservation (CDMSP) method for diagnosing rolling bearing faults across machines. The CDMSP method can induce the manifold space projection matrices of the source and target domains more effectively. This method maps high-dimensional features into a low-dimensional manifold, preserving non-linear relationships and aligning distribution differences while maintaining cross-domain manifold structure consistency. Additionally, highly confidently labeled target domain samples are selected from each mapping result and added to the training dataset to enhance subspace learning in subsequent iterations. The CDMSP method is both simple and effective at capturing the underlying structures and patterns in the data. The CWRU dataset and our self-built test platform dataset were used to validate this method. Experimental results show that CDMSP, as a non-deep domain adaptation method of transfer learning, outperforms similar methods in cross-machine fault identification, achieving a maximum fault identification accuracy of 100 % with excellent convergence performance. Furthermore, simulated diagnostic experiments under noise interference indicate that CDMSP maintains high fault identification accuracy, even in noisy environments. Overall, CDMSP is an efficient and reliable new method for diagnosing cross-machine bearing faults.
How can a student prove the ABC hypothesis using prime numbers, quantum mechanics and creative imagination?
Authors: Avdyev Marat Aleksandrovich
Published: August 2024

The ABC conjecture states that for three mutually prime numbers A, B, and C satisfying the relation A + B = C, the product of the prime divisors A, B, and C is usually not much less than C. The theorem is very simple to formulate, but extremely difficult to prove. Some five hundred pages have been spent by some of the most eminent mathematicians in the Western world trying to find a proof - but the result is anything but ambiguous and difficult to verify. Meanwhile, any student with advanced training in the exact sciences can understand and prove the ABC hypothesis, relying on creative imagination based on the synthesis of school knowledge, including physics and chemistry. Prime numbers have a huge research potential, they play a unifying role in understanding the world around us. And this is important for education.
Ligand-Based Approach for Multi-Target Drug Discovery: PTML Modeling of Triple-Target Inhibitors
Authors: Kleandrova Valeria V. , Cordeiro M. Natália D. S. , Speck-Planche Alejandro
Published: August 2024

Background:

Cancers are complex multi-genetic diseases that should be tackled in
multi-target drug discovery scenarios. Computational methods are of great importance to accelerate
the discovery of multi-target anticancer agents. Here, we employed a ligand-based approach
by combining a perturbation-theory machine learning model derived from an ensemble of
multilayer perceptron networks (PTML-EL-MLP) with the Fragment-Based Topological Design
(FBTD) approach to rationally design and predict triple-target inhibitors against the cancerrelated
proteins named Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase A (TRKA), poly[ADP-ribose] polymerase
1 (PARP-1), and Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Receptor (IGF1R).

Methods:

We extracted the chemical and biological data from ChEMBL. We applied the Box-
Jenkins approach to generate multi-label topological indices and subsequently created the
PTML-EL-MLP model.

Results:

Our PTML-EL-MLP model exhibited an accuracy of around 80%. The application
FBTD permitted the physicochemical and structural interpretation of the PTML-EL-MLP model,
thus enabling a) the chemistry-driven analysis of different molecular fragments with a positive
influence on the multi-target activity and b) the use of those favorable fragments as building
blocks to virtually design four new drug-like molecules. The designed molecules were predicted
as triple-target inhibitors against the aforementioned cancer-related proteins.

Conclusion:

Our study envisages the capabilities of combining PTML modeling with FBTD for
the generation of new chemical diversity for multi-target drug discovery in oncology research
and beyond.
MEASURING THE QUALITY OF RICEFIELD WATER MANAGEMENT BASED UPON THE PERCEPTION OF FARMER’S WATER ASSOCIATION MEMBERS IN CENGKIR VILLAGE, BOJONEGORO DISTRICT EAST JAVA PROVINCE, INDONESIA
Authors:   Brawijaya University, Purwanto Wasis , Wijaya I Nyoman Suluh ,   Brawijaya University, Usman Fadly ,   Brawijaya University
Published: August 2024

Cengkir village stands out as a promising area for agricultural land conservation within Bojonegoro Municipality. Consequently, planning and developing water irrigation infrastructure in Cengkir village has become crucial to supporting agricultural activities. However, practical implementation of water irrigation often encounters numerous obstacles, mainly due to mismanagement and insufficient community participation. Therefore, understanding the farmers' perspectives on management and identifying key factors influencing it are essential for further improvement. Cengkir village offers a compelling case for exploration in this regard. This research aims to investigate farmers' views regarding agricultural irrigation management within the Association of Water User Farmers (Himpunan Petani Pemakai Air - HIPPA) in Cengkir Village. Additionally, this study evaluates the relationship among factors influencing farmers' views on agricultural irrigation management. So, to understand the important factors from this perspective, this study employs the Likert Scale's weighting technique. The weighting technique is followed by a non-parametric Spearman Rank Correlation test to define the relationships among the variables and the influencing factors. The findings reveal that farmers' perceptions regarding irrigation management are at a standard level. Moreover, a high correlation exists among factors such as formal education level, motivation, needs, experience in rice cultivation, information knowledge, social environment, support from related departments, and land area, with the perspectives of HIPPA community members towards agricultural irrigation.
Exploring the Feasibility and Initial Impact of an mHealth-Based Disease Management Program for Chronic Ischemic Heart Disease: Formative Study
Authors: Miki Takahiro , Yamada Junya , Ishida Shinpei , Sakui Daisuke , Kanai Masashi , Hagiwara Yuta
Published: August 2024

Background

Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, requiring innovative management strategies. Traditional disease management programs often struggle to maintain patient engagement and ensure long-term adherence to lifestyle modifications and treatment plans. Mobile health (mHealth) technologies have emerged as a promising approach to address these challenges by providing continuous, personalized support and monitoring. However, the reported use and effectiveness of mHealth in the management of chronic diseases, such as IHD, have not been fully explored.

Objective

The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and initial impact of an mHealth-based disease management program on coronary risk factors, specifically focusing on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, in individuals with chronic IHD. This formative study assessed changes in LDL-C and other metabolic health indicators over a 6-month period to determine the initial impact of the program on promoting cardiovascular health and lifestyle modification.

Methods

This study was conducted using data from 266 individuals enrolled in an mHealth-based disease management program between December 2018 and October 2022. Eligibility was based on a documented history of IHD, with participants undergoing a comprehensive cardiac risk assessment before enrollment. The program included biweekly telephone sessions, health tracking via a smartphone app, and regular progress reports to physicians. The study measured change in LDL-C levels as the primary outcome, with secondary outcomes including body weight, triglyceride levels, and other metabolic health indicators. Statistical analysis used paired 2-tailed t tests and stratified analyses to assess the impact of the program.

Results

Participants experienced a significant reduction in LDL-C, with LDL-C levels decreasing from a mean of 98.82 (SD 40.92) mg/dL to 86.62 (SD 39.86) mg/dL (P<.001). The intervention was particularly effective in individuals with high baseline LDL-C levels. Additional improvements were seen in body weight and triglyceride levels, suggesting a broader impact on metabolic health. Program adherence and engagement metrics suggested high participant satisfaction and compliance.

Conclusions

The results of this study suggest that the mHealth-based disease management program is feasible and has an initial positive impact on reducing LDL-C levels and improving metabolic health in individuals with chronic IHD. However, the study design does not allow for a definitive conclusion regarding whether mHealth-based disease management programs are more effective than traditional face-to-face care. Future studies are needed to further validate these findings and to examine the comparative effectiveness of these interventions in more detail.
A Novel Cognitive Behavioral Therapy–Based Generative AI Tool (Socrates 2.0) to Facilitate Socratic Dialogue: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Feasibility Study
Authors: Held Philip , Pridgen Sarah A , Chen Yaozhong , Akhtar Zuhaib , Amin Darpan , Pohorence Sean
Published: August 2024

Background

Digital mental health tools, designed to augment traditional mental health treatments, are becoming increasingly important due to a wide range of barriers to accessing mental health care, including a growing shortage of clinicians. Most existing tools use rule-based algorithms, often leading to interactions that feel unnatural compared with human therapists. Large language models (LLMs) offer a solution for the development of more natural, engaging digital tools. In this paper, we detail the development of Socrates 2.0, which was designed to engage users in Socratic dialogue surrounding unrealistic or unhelpful beliefs, a core technique in cognitive behavioral therapies. The multiagent LLM-based tool features an artificial intelligence (AI) therapist, Socrates, which receives automated feedback from an AI supervisor and an AI rater. The combination of multiple agents appeared to help address common LLM issues such as looping, and it improved the overall dialogue experience. Initial user feedback from individuals with lived experiences of mental health problems as well as cognitive behavioral therapists has been positive. Moreover, tests in approximately 500 scenarios showed that Socrates 2.0 engaged in harmful responses in under 1% of cases, with the AI supervisor promptly correcting the dialogue each time. However, formal feasibility studies with potential end users are needed.

Objective

This mixed methods study examines the feasibility of Socrates 2.0.

Methods

On the basis of the initial data, we devised a formal feasibility study of Socrates 2.0 to gather qualitative and quantitative data about users’ and clinicians’ experience of interacting with the tool. Using a mixed method approach, the goal is to gather feasibility and acceptability data from 100 users and 50 clinicians to inform the eventual implementation of generative AI tools, such as Socrates 2.0, in mental health treatment. We designed this study to better understand how users and clinicians interact with the tool, including the frequency, length, and time of interactions, users’ satisfaction with the tool overall, quality of each dialogue and individual responses, as well as ways in which the tool should be improved before it is used in efficacy trials. Descriptive and inferential analyses will be performed on data from validated usability measures. Thematic analysis will be performed on the qualitative data.

Results

Recruitment will begin in February 2024 and is expected to conclude by February 2025. As of September 25, 2024, overall, 55 participants have been recruited.

Conclusions

The development of Socrates 2.0 and the outlined feasibility study are important first steps in applying generative AI to mental health treatment delivery and lay the foundation for formal feasibility studies.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/58195
A Study on the Effect of Waiting Time of Ships at Anchor on Efficiency Measurement in Ports
Authors: Kadıoğlu Saip Onurhan , Esmer Soner , Yorulmaz Murat
Published: August 2024

Maritime transportation has an important share in international trade. With the advancement of communication and technology, speed has become a very important parameter in customer demands. Both the production and logistics sectors are making improvements to reduce lead times in response to this demand. The initial investment cost is quite high in ports, which play an important role in maritime trade. In addition, the return on investment is long. In order to shorten the return on investment and increase the profitability of the port, the port should be operated efficiently and effectively. On the other hand, the services provided at ports are directly related to the foreign trade performance of countries. Additional ship waits at ports will lead to additional costs, thus reducing the competitiveness of countries. The fact that ports are complex and dynamic service businesses causes efficiency measurements to be multivariate. Accordingly, this study focuses on only one specific area of the highly complex issue of port performance measurement. In this context, firstly, the basic literature on efficiency measurement in ports is given in the study, then, within the scope of the constraints of the study, Torosport Ceyhan's ship anchorage waiting times over a two-year period are focused and a research process is carried out in this context. According to the findings obtained by Pareto analysis in the Six Sigma approach, it was revealed that the most important reason for the ships waiting to dock at the port was "pier occupancy (56.8%)".
Self-regulated Strategy Development (SRSD) for Grade 9 English
Authors: Villasor Alexandra L.
Published: August 2024

This study determined the effectiveness of using SRSD in enhancing the writing performance of Grade 9 students in Abellana National School, for the school year 2018-2019. It determined the significant relationship between the two groups of students’ English 9 grades. The experimental group was taught writing using SRSD, while the control group was taught using the traditional method of teaching writing throughout the intervention which lasted for two weeks. Based on the findings, a proposed action plan which integrates SRSD was formulated. The study used the quasi-experimental design utilizing simple percentage rubric and narrative essay. A total of 44 students were rated. Statistical treatments utilized were weighted mean and simple percentage level of proficiency in writing essay. A writing prompt of Romeo and Juliet was used as the main instrument. The study findings showed significant differences between the mean scores attained by the experimental group and by the control group, and such difference was attributed to the SRSD writing strategy used. SRSD was able to aid the experimental group students to adapt the needed behavior of self-assessment wherein they became independent and active learners.
The Development of Pancasila Student Profile towards the Benefits of Democratic Voice from an Islamic Perspective: Students' View
Authors: Febriani Yosi , Montessori Maria , Indrawan Junaedi , Darmansyah Darmansyah , Ockta Yovhandra
Published: August 2024

This study aims to analyze the benefits of the democracy vote project in developing the Pancasila student profile, analyze the factors that affect the democracy vote project and describe students' perceptions of the democracy vote project at SMP Negeri 3 Gunung Talang, Solok Regency. The method used in this study is the Mix Methode of Sequential Exploratory design. The research was conducted on 15 informants and 55 respondents. Data were obtained by interviews, observations, documentation studies and filling out questionnaires. The results of the study show that the democratic voice project contributes to developing a profile of critical reasoning, cooperation and global diversity in students, while the factors that support the implementation of the democratic voice project include school readiness, student enthusiasm and enthusiasm, teacher competence and collaboration between teachers. Meanwhile, the factors that hinder the democratic vote project include a lack of support from students' parents, different teacher abilities and time management facilities and there are still some students who do not focus on participating in the democratic vote project activities. Furthermore, regarding the students' perception of the democratic vote project, it is good. This can be seen from the average percentage of student knowledge indicators about the democracy vote project, which is obtained on average 75.95% which is categorized as good. The indicator of student understanding of the content of the democracy vote project was obtained 86.05% which was categorized as good and the indicator of student assessment of the implementation of the democracy vote project was obtained 81.60% which was categorized as good. The overall achievement level of student perception was obtained with an overall average of 81.20%. So it can be concluded that the students' perception of the democratic vote project at Junior High School of 3 Gunung Talang is good. The implication of this research is that the implementation of the democratic voice project needs to be better organized and managed, and teachers need to improve their abilities through trainings to be more optimal in achieving the target of developing the Pancasila student profile. Students are expected to concentrate more on participating in project learning activities. As well as the need for support from parents and school committees to support the implementation of the vote project demorkasi democracy in schools.
APLICAÇÃO DO ALGORITMO SAFER COMO FERRAMENTA PARA PESQUISA DE EVENTOS HIDROMETEOROLÓGICOS E SUA APLICAÇÃO NA AGROPECUÁRIA SUSTENTÁVEL
Authors: Lima Rafael Rodrigo Ferreira de
Published: August 2024

A demanda por alimentos e água potável para uma população continuamente crescente exige que os sistemas produtivos modifiquem seus processos de forma a otimizar a produção. No outro extremo, as emergências climáticas exigem mudanças significativas no modo de viver dos seres humanos. Nesse cenário, é imperativo o uso racional dos recursos naturais, como a água, tanto para a produção de alimentos quanto para o abastecimento nos centros urbanos, periurbanos e rurais. Neste artigo, objetiva-se esclarecer a metodologia do algoritmo SAFER e verificar as aplicações desse algoritmo na literatura científica, por meio da revisão narrativa da literatura, de modo a expandir sua popularização. A metodologia empregada envolveu a análise de artigos científicos de acesso aberto e revisado por pares recuperados da Plataforma de Periódicos CAPES. Os artigos serviram de base para a descrição do algoritmo SAFER bem como elencar suas aplicações no Brasil e no exterior. Concluiu-se que SAFER é um algoritmo que representa uma imensa facilidade para a pesquisa de eventos hidrometeorológicos capazes de influenciar significativamente os ecossistemas e as atividades agropecuárias. Embora seja um método relativamente recente, sua aplicabilidade tem sido constatada de forma recorrente a partir de 2010.
Peningkatan Motivasi Belajar Siswa Dengan Penggunaan Laboratorium Virtual Phet (Physics Education Technology) Pada Materi Asam-Basa
Authors: Alfauzia Raysa , Agung Salamah , Fairusi Dila
Published: August 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan 1) uji prasyarat instrumen penelitian 2) uji n-gain 3) peningkatan penggunaan laboratorium virtual PhET (Physics Education Technology) terhadap motivasi belajar pada materi asam-basa. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif pada 33 siswa kelas eksperimen dan 33 siswa kelas kontrol SMAN 1 Panggarangan yang dipilih dengan metode purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner yang berisi 20 item. Hasil uji prasyarat instrumen penelitian dinyatakan valid, reliabel, dan data terdistribusi secara normal. Uji N-Gain kelas eksperimen pada kategori sedang dan kelas kontrol pada kategori rendah. Penggunaan laboratorium virtual PhET memberikan pengalaman pembelajaran yang menarik, interaktif, dan relevan, sehingga motivasi siswa untuk terlibat dalam proses belajar mengalami peningkatan dari tingkat motivasi rendah menjadi tingkat motivasi sedang. Penggunaan laboratorium virtual PhET dirancang secara khusus untuk memikat perhatian siswa dan mendorong mereka untuk aktif terlibat dalam membangun pemahaman konsep-konsep kimia pada materi asam-basa melalui eksperimen. Penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif praktik menggunakan media virtual dengan kegiatan yang melibatkan teknologi dan pendekatan pedagogi berdasarkan simulasi yang disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan proses pembelajaran.
Evolving Concepts in Pathophysiology, Screening, and Prevention of Type 1 Diabetes: Report of Diabetes Mellitus Interagency Coordinating Committee Workshop
Authors: Greenbaum Carla J. , Nepom Gerald T. , Wood-Heickman Lauren K. , Wherrett Diane K. , DiMeglio Linda A. , Herold Kevan C. , Krischer Jeffrey P.
Published: August 2024

The approval of teplizumab to delay the onset of type 1 diabetes is an important inflection point in the decades-long pursuit to treat the cause of the disease rather than its symptoms. The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases convened a workshop of the Diabetes Mellitus Interagency Coordinating Committee titled “Evolving Concepts in Pathophysiology, Screening, and Prevention of Type 1 Diabetes” to review this accomplishment and identify future goals. Speakers representing Type 1 Diabetes TrialNet (TrialNet) and the Immune Tolerance Network emphasized that the ability to robustly identify individuals destined to develop type 1 diabetes was essential for clinical trials. The presenter from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration described how regulatory approval relied on data from the single clinical trial of TrialNet with testing of teplizumab for delay of clinical diagnosis, along with confirmatory evidence from studies in patients after diagnosis. The workshop reviewed the etiology of type 1 diabetes as a disease involving multiple immune pathways, highlighting the current understanding of prognostic markers and proposing potential strategies to improve the therapeutic response of disease-modifying therapies based on the mechanism of action. While celebrating these achievements funded by the congressionally appropriated Special Diabetes Program, panelists from professional organizations, nonprofit advocacy/funding groups, and industry also identified significant hurdles in translating this research into clinical care.
Effect of laser surface melting on microstructure and properties of Mg-1Mn-2Zn alloy
Authors: Liu Peng , Guo ChuanPing , Shi Chenchen , Yin Xunxiang , Liu Kewei , Gao Dongfang , Zhao Yangyang , Qiao Yang
Published: August 2024

With its excellent biocompatibility and degradability, magnesium alloy has now been widely used as a promising medical metal material in clinical medical research, but its application in this field is greatly limited by shortcomings such as too fast and uncontrollable corrosion rate and poor wear resistance of magnesium alloys. In this paper, the self-prepared Mg-1Mn-2Zn alloy was subjected to laser surface melting (LSM) under different process parameters after T6 aging treatment to study the organizational properties of Mg-1Mn-2Zn alloy before and after laser melting treatment and under different scanning speeds. The results show that after LSM, a melting layer is formed on the surface of Mg-1Mn-2Zn alloy, and the grain size of the melting layer is significantly refined, with an average size of 5 μm, and the hardness of the melting layer was improved. The second phase content was reduced, and the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the melting layer were improved to different degrees. Relevant research can provide theoretical basis for the promotion of medical magnesium alloys.
Fetus in Fetu
Authors: R* Gayathri
Published: August 2024

Fetus in fetu (FIF) is an extremely rare condition where a malformed or partially developed fetus is found within the body of its living twin. This anomaly arises from incomplete separation of monozygotic twins during early development, resulting in the parasitic twin being absorbed by the host twin. FIF is often identified via prenatal imaging such as ultrasound or MRI, or during postnatal surgery. Diagnosis is confirmed through histopathological examination of the mass, which reveals diverse fetal tissues. Treatment typically involves surgical removal of the parasitic twin, with a generally positive prognosis for the host. FIF offers unique insights into twin development and teratoma formation.
IMPLEMENTASI PENGANGGARAN BERBASIS RISIKO: STUDI EMPIRIS PADA PERUSAHAAN PENGHASIL GULA KRISTAL PUTIH
Authors: Santoso Edy
Published: August 2024

Studi ini mengkaji implementasi Penganggaran Berbasis Risiko, Risk Based Budgeting (RBB) di Perusahaan Penghasil Gula Kristal Putih, yang menjadi sebuah tuntutan karena lingkungan bisnis yang semakin kompleks dan penuh ketidakpastian. Anggaran tradisional, yang didasarkan pada proyeksi keuangan historis, sering kali gagal mengatasi sifat dinamis dari risiko modern. RBB mengintegrasikan manajemen risiko ke dalam proses penganggaran, secara proaktif mengidentifikasi, mengevaluasi, dan mengelola risiko dalam perencanaan keuangan. Studi ini mengeksplorasi metodologi, manfaat, dan tantangan penerapan RBB di Perusahaan Penghasil Gula Kristal Putih, menunjukkan potensinya untuk meningkatkan kinerja keuangan dan ketahanan operasional. Hasilnya, implementasi RBB memberikan manfaat yang siginifikan bagi perusahaan.
Kata Kunci: Anggaran Berbasis Risiko, Manajemen Risiko, Proses Penganggaran, Perencanaan Keuangan, Tata Kelola Perusahaan.
Cellulose Impact on Bioplastic Performance: A Study on Mechanical Strength, Physical Properties, and Degradation of Water Hyacinth and Kepok Banana Peel-derived Materials
Authors: Putri Faiza Armalia , Rianjanu Aditya , Sipahutar Wahyu Solafide
Published: August 2024

Plastics, primarily made of synthetic polymers, are difficult to degrade by microbes, resulting in waste management challenges. Bioplastics are a viable alternative to conventional plastics' environmental problems. They are crucial for circular economy transformation and sustainability goals. To address this issue, researchers investigated the formation of bioplastics from kepok banana peels (Musa acuminata) and water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes). This study will investigate the mechanical properties, degradation rate, water absorption, and functional groups of these bioplastics. Various cellulose concentrations (0%, 4%, 8%, 12%, and 16%) are used throughout the manufacture. The results show that cellulose content has a substantial influence on the mechanical characteristics, degradation rate, and water absorption of bioplastics. Bioplastics having 12% cellulose had the best mechanical properties with a tensile strength of 2.551 MPa. Bioplastics containing 4% cellulose, on the other hand, degrade the fastest, losing 63.181% of their mass. This high degradation rate corresponds to the maximum amount of water absorption, which reaches 54.93%. Furthermore, the FTIR study shows that no novel functional groups were discovered in the bioplastics. In conclusion, using kepok banana peel starch and water hyacinth to generate bioplastics shows potential as a solution to the problems that traditional plastics face. This research shows that changing the cellulose content in bioplastics can cause changes in mechanical qualities, breakdown rate, and water absorption. More studies in this area might pave the way for more ecologically friendly and sustainable alternatives to existing plastics.
Strategi Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dalam Mengurangi Kemiskinan Ekstrem Melalui Pariwisata Berkelanjutan (Studi Kasus Tanjung Kasuari Kota Sorong)
Authors: Murni Murni , Masniar Masniar , Wahidah A.K Nur , Rahmatullah Azwar
Published: August 2024

Pembangunan pariwisata yang berkelanjutan sangat penting untuk diterapkan karena menurut paradigma pembangunan berkelanjutan didasari perjalanan pelaksanaan pembangunan yang semakin tidak terkontrol dalam sebuah negara serta memberi peluang yang besar bagi pembangunan nasional dan memberikan dampak positif bagi pembukaan lapangan pekerjaan baru dan peningkatan kesejahteraan ekonomi sehingga diharapkan terjadi penanggulangan kemiskinan ekstrem pada tahun 2024 mencapai 0 persen serta terciptanya masyarakat mandiri dan sejahtera. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan AHP. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam mengurangi kemiskinan ekstrem melalui pariwisata berkelanjutan nilai konsistensinya yaitu 0,0085. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa keputusan yang di ambil oleh para responden menunjukan skala prioritas cukup konsisten. Melalui penerapan strategi-strategi dengan dukungan pemerintah setempat dalam hal Pemerintah Kota Sorong diharapkan masyarakat setempat dapat memperoleh manfaat secara ekonomi, sosial, maupun lingkungan yang berkelanjutan dari sektor pariwisata dengan memperkuat peran serta masyarakat serta peningkatan daya tarik dan daya dukung destinasi pariwisata dapat menciptkan lingkungan yang mendukung dalam pengurangan kemiskinan ekstrem.
Community-based Rehabilitation Support Programmes and Social Inclusion of Persons with Disabilities in Tigania East, Kenya
Authors: Weddy Mukami Gitonga , Auya Samwel , Bor Eric
Published: August 2024

Community-based rehabilitation programmes (CBR) are considered fundamental in improving the well-being of persons with disabilities by facilitating access to basic services like healthcare, education, housing, and employment and fostering their participation in the community through the transfer of knowledge and skills concerning disability and rehabilitation to people with disabilities, their families and the community at large to enhance social inclusion. However, despite the existence of the Disability Community programmes, it is not clear how community-based rehabilitation support has fostered the social inclusion of persons with disabilities in Kenya. Based on the data from Tigania East, Meru County, Kenya, this paper explores the impact of community-based programmes on the social inclusion of persons with disabilities with a view to influencing policy formulation to foster livelihood and inclusion of the disability in the community agenda.
Diseminasi Kebijakan Pemerintah dalam Upaya Penurunan Prevalensi Stunting melalui Pendekatan Health Communication Model di Kabupaten Aceh Barat
Authors: Kesha Cut Nabilla , Maulida Desi , Maryam Maryam , Safrida Safrida
Published: August 2024

West Aceh Regency has been designated as one of the focus locations for integrated stunting reduction interventions in 2022 based on the Decree of the Minister of National Development Planning/Bappenas. In 2022, West Aceh Regency recorded 610 children suffering from stunting spread across 11 of 12 sub-districts. Among the causes of high stunting is that the community is not provided with reliable information about stunting, and there are no specific regulations governing stunting prevention as a preventive measure at the district level. The research was conducted in two sub-districts, namely Johan Pahlawan Sub-district and Bubon Sub-district, which are the sub-districts with the most stunting sufferers out of 10 other sub-districts. This research aims to describe the dissemination of the implementation of stunting prevention policies along with the strategic steps taken in efforts to reduce stunting. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative with data collection through interviews, observation and documentation. The results of the research show that policy implementation in an effort to reduce the prevalence of stunting in West Aceh Regency can be said to have run optimally. The strategic efforts undertaken to achieve the goal of reducing stunting prevalence begin with identifying problems, identifying target audiences, formulating educational messages, utilizing information media, intervention strategies through programs to accelerate stunting reduction, determining priority groups and using implementation methods by coordinating with stakeholders.
Peningkatan Skill Manajemen Keuangan Dan Pencatatan Keuangan UMKM Dengan Aplikasi Buku Warung
Authors: Efni Cerya  , Gilang Oritaliano Putra  , Yuriza Maulidina
Published: August 2024

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) is a driving force for the national economy that is able to increase national income and create jobs so as to increase welfare and reduce poverty. The problem currently faced in West Sumatra is that several Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in West Sumatra cannot develop and some do not last long. This is caused by several factors, one of which is financial management. The shop book is an application that is used as a financial record and management of credit transactions for micro businesses. Buku warung is an application that can be used via a smartphone where everyone today has a smartphone in hand.