bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How Does Long-Term Storage Influence the Physical Stability and Dissolution of Bicalutamide from Solid Dispersions and Minitablets?
Authors: Antosik-Rogóż Agata , Szafraniec-Szczęsny Joanna , Knapik-Kowalczuk Justyna , Kurek Mateusz , Gawlak Karolina , Paluch Marian , Jachowicz Renata
Published: May 2022

The stability of amorphous drugs is among the main challenges in the development of solid dosage forms. This paper examines the effect of storage conditions (25 °C/60% RH and 40 °C/75% RH) and different packaging materials, i.e., polystyrene containers and PVC/Al blisters, on the crystallinity and dissolution characteristics of solid dispersions containing bicalutamide and polyvinylpyrrolidone. The results confirmed drug amorphization upon milling and improved dissolution resulting from the lack of a crystal lattice. These properties varied with time regarding sample composition, storage conditions, and packaging material. The most resistant to storage conditions was the 1:1 solid dispersion packed into blisters. Based on the obtained results, the 1:1 solid dispersion was formulated into minitablets, which were then tested after tableting and then packed into PVC/Al blisters and stored for six months in the same conditions as solid dispersions. We proved that efficient stabilization of amorphous bicalutamide depends on the barrier properties of packaging materials and that a properly chosen material protected the drug substance from the influence of unfavorable storage conditions such as elevated temperature and humidity.
Development of Core-Shell Rh@Pt and Rh@Ir Nanoparticle Thin Film Using Atomic Layer Deposition for HER Electrocatalysis Applications
Authors: Zou Yiming , Goei Ronn , Ong Su-Ann , ONG Amanda Jiamin , Huang Jingfeng , TOK Alfred Iing Yoong
Published: May 2022

The efficiency of hydrogen gas generation via electrochemical water splitting has been mostly limited by the availability of electrocatalyst materials that require lower overpotentials during the redox reaction. Noble metals have been used extensively as electrocatalysts due to their high activity and low overpotentials. However, the use of single noble metal electrocatalyst is limited due to atomic aggregation caused by its inherent high surface energy, which results in poor structural stability, and, hence, poor electrocatalytic performance and long-term stability. In addition, using noble metals as electrocatalysts also causes the cost to be unnecessarily high. These limitations in noble metal electrocatalysts could be enhanced by combining two noble metals in a core-shell structure (e.g., Rh@Ir) as a thin film over a base substrate. This could significantly enhance electrocatalytic activity due to the following: (1) the modification of the electronic structure, which increases electrical conductivity; (2) the optimization of the adsorption energy; and (3) the introduction of new active sites in the core-shell noble metal structure. The current state-of-the-art employs physical vapor deposition (PVD) or other deposition techniques to fabricate core-shell noble metals on flat 2D substrates. This method does not allow 3D substrates with high surface areas to be used. In the present work, atomic layer deposition (ALD) was used to fabricate nanoparticle thin films of Rh@Ir and Rh@Pt in a core-shell structure on glassy carbon electrodes. ALD enables the fabrication of nanoparticle thin film on three-dimensional substrates (a 2D functional film on a 3D substrate), resulting in a significantly increased surface area for a catalytic reaction to take place; hence, improving the performance of electrocatalysis. The Rh@Pt (with an overpotential of 139 mV and a Tafel slope of 84.8 mV/dec) and Rh@Ir (with an overpotential of 169 mV and a Tafel slope of 112 mV/dec) core-shell electrocatalyst exhibited a better electrocatalytic performances compared to the single metal Rh electrocatalyst (with an overpotential of 300 mV and a Tafel slope of 190 mV/dec). These represented a 54% and a 44% improvement in performance, respectively, illustrating the advantages of core-shell thin film nanostructures in enhancing the catalytic performance of an electrocatalyst. Both electrocatalysts also exhibited good long-term stability in the harsh acidic electrolyte conditions when subjected to chronopotentiometry studies.
The Characteristics of Raindrop Size Distribution at Windward and Leeward Side over Mountain Area
Authors: Kim Hyeon-Joon , Jung Woonseon , Suh Sung-Ho , Lee Dong-In , You Cheol-Hwan
Published: May 2022

To analyze the difference in the microphysical development characteristics of orographic rainfall, several Parsivel disdrometers were installed along the windward and leeward slope of a mountain. There were differences in the raindrop size distribution according to the difference in height and distance from the center of the mountain. In low-altitude coastal areas and adjacent areas, the number concentration of raindrops smaller than 1 mm was relatively lower than in mountainous areas, and the rain rate increased with the growth in the size of the raindrops. On the other hand, a higher rain rate was observed as the number concentration of raindrops smaller than 1 mm increased in the hillside area. The increase in the number concentration of small raindrops was evident at the LCL (lifting condensation level) altitude. The main factors affecting the increase in the rain rate on the windward and leeward slopes were the concentration of raindrops and the growth of raindrops, which showed regional differences. As a result of a PCA (principal component analysis), it was found that raindrop development by vapor deposition and weak convection were the main rainfall development characteristics on the windward and leeward slopes, respectively. The difference in regional precipitation development characteristics in mountainous areas affects the parameters of the rainfall estimation relational expression. This means that the rainfall relation calculated through the disdrometer observation data observed in a specific mountainous area can cause spatial and quantitative errors.
Regional “Bare-Earth” Digital Terrain Model for Costa Rica Based on NASADEM Corrected for Vegetation Bias
Authors: Pimenova Olga , Roberts Craig , Rizos Chris
Published: May 2022

A large percentage of the Costa Rican territory is covered with high evergreen forests. In order to compute a 1″ Bare-Earth Digital Terrain Model (DTM) for Costa Rica CRDTM2020, stochastic Vegetation Bias (VB) was reduced from the 1″ NASADEM, Digital Elevation Model (DEM) based on the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) data. Several global models such as: canopy heights from the Global Forest Canopy Height 2019 model, canopy heights for the year 2000 from the Forest Canopy Height Map, and canopy density from the Global Forest Change model 2000 to 2019, were used to represent the vegetation in the year of SRTM data collection. Four analytical VB models based on canopy heights and canopy density were evaluated and validated using bare-earth observations and canopy heights from the Laser Vegetation Imaging Sensor (LVIS) surveys from 1998, 2005, and 2019 and a levelling dataset. The results show that differences between CRDTM2020 and bare-earth elevations from LVIS2019 in terms of the mean, median, standard deviation, and median absolute difference (0.9, 0.8, 7.9 and 3.7 m, respectively) are smaller than for any other of the nine evaluated global DEMs.
Assessing Novel Lidar Modalities for Maximizing Coverage of a Spaceborne System through the Use of Diode Lasers
Authors: Hansen Johannes N. , Hancock Steven , Prade Ludwig , Bonner Gerald M. , Chen Haochang , Davenport Ian , Jones Brynmor E. , Purslow Matthew
Published: May 2022

Current satellite lidars have sparse spatial coverage, leading to uncertainty from sampling. This complicates robust change detection and does not allow applications that require continuous coverage. One potential way to increase lidar sampling density is to use more efficient lasers. All current spaceborne lidars use solid-state lasers with a limited efficiency of 5–8%. In this paper, we investigate the potential for using diode lasers, with their higher efficiencies, as an alternative. Diode lasers have reported efficiencies of about 25% and are much smaller and lighter than solid-state lasers. However, they can only emit good beam quality at lower peak powers, which has so far prevented them from being used in spaceborne lidar applications. In this paper, we assess whether the novel lidar modalities necessitated by these lower peak powers are suitable for satellite lidar, determined by whether they can match the design performance of GEDI by being able to accurately measure ground elevation through 98% canopy cover, referred to as having “98% beam sensitivity”. Through this, we show that a diode laser can be operated in pulse train or pulse compressed lidar (PCL) mode from space, using a photon-counting detector. In the best case scenario, this setup requires a detected energy of Edet=0.027 fJ to achieve a beam sensitivity of 98%, which is less than the 0.28 fJ required by a full-waveform solid-state lidar instrument, exemplified by GEDI. When also accounting for the higher laser and detector efficiency, the diode laser in pulse train mode requires similar shot energy as a photon counting solid-state laser such as ICESat-2 which along with the higher laser efficiency could result in a doubling of coverage. We conclude that there is a clear opportunity for diode lasers to be used in spaceborne lidars, potentially allowing wider coverage through their higher efficiencies.
Fusion of UAV Hyperspectral Imaging and LiDAR for the Early Detection of EAB Stress in Ash and a New EAB Detection Index—NDVI(776,678)
Authors: Zhou Quan , Yu Linfeng , Zhang Xudong , Liu Yujie , Zhan Zhongyi , Ren Lili , Luo Youqing
Published: May 2022

Beijing’s One Million Mu Plain Afforestation Project involves planting large areas with the exotic North American tree species Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh (ash). As an exotic tree species, ash is very vulnerable to infestations by the emerald ash borer (EAB), a native Chinese wood borer pest. In the early stage of an EAB infestation, attacked trees show no obvious sign. Once the stand has reached the late damage stage, death occurs rapidly. Therefore, there is a need for efficient early detection methods of EAB stress over large areas. The combination of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based hyperspectral imaging (HI) with light detection and ranging (LiDAR) is a promising practical approach for monitoring insect disturbance. In this study, we identified the most useful narrow-band spectral HI data and 3D LiDAR data for the early detection of EAB stress in ash. UAV-HI data of different infested stages (healthy, light, moderate and severe) of EAB in the 400–1000 nm range were collected from ash canopies and were processed by Partial Least Squares–Variable Importance in Projection (PLS-VIP) to identify the maximally sensitive bands. Band R678 nm had the highest PLS-VIP scores and the most robust classification ability. We combined this band with band R776 nm to develop an innovative normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI(776,678)) to estimate EAB stress. LiDAR data were used to segment individual trees and supplement the HI data. The new NDVI(776,678) identified different stages of EAB stress, with a producer’s accuracy of 90% for healthy trees, 76.25% for light infestation, 58.33% for moderate infestation, and 100% for severe infestation, with an overall accuracy of 82.90% when combined with UAV-HI and LiDAR.
Antiallergic Properties of Biflavonoids Isolated from the Flowers of Mesua ferrea Linn.
Authors: Manse Yoshiaki , Sakamoto Yusuke , Miyachi Taiki , Nire Mitsuyo , Hashimoto Yoshinori , Chaipech Saowanee , Pongpiriyadacha Yutana , Morikawa Toshio
Published: May 2022

The methanolic extract from the flowers of Mesua ferrea Linn. (Calophyllaceae) showed significant hyaluronidase inhibitory activity. Following a bioassay-guided separation of the extract, two biflavonoids, viz., mesuaferrone-A (1) and mesuaferrone-B (2), were isolated, along with ten flavonoids (3–12), two xanthones (13 and 14), three triterpenes (15–17), a phenylpropanoid (18), and five aromatics (19–24). Among the isolates, 1 and 2 (IC50 = 51.1 µM and 54.7 µM, respectively) exhibited hyaluronidase inhibitory activity equivalent to that of the commercially available antiallergic agents disodium cromoglycate (64.8 μM) and ketotifen fumarate (76.5 μM). These biflavonoids (1 and 2) are 8-8″ linked dimers that are composed of naringenin (1a) or apigenin (3), with their corresponding monomers lacking inhibitory activity (IC50 > 300 μM). In addition, 1 and 2 (IC50 = 49.4 µM and 49.2 µM, respectively) inhibited the release of β-hexosaminidase, which is a marker of antigen-IgE-mediated degranulation, in rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells. These inhibitory activities were more potent than those of the antiallergic agents tranilast and ketotifen fumarate (IC50 = 282 μM and 158 μM, respectively), as well as one of the corresponding monomers (1a; IC50 > 100 μM). Nonetheless, these effects were weaker than those of the other monomer (3; IC50 = 6.1 μM).
Building an Integrated Digital Transformation System Framework: A Design Science Research, the Case of FedUni
Authors: Majdalawieh Munir , Khan Shafaq
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this paper is to propose an integrated digital transformation system framework (IDTSF) to help support business leaders and teams in making their products, services, and operations more streamlined and competitive. The framework will help organizations to best meet user/customer needs with minimum waste and time and enables businesses to achieve efficiency compared with island and traditional sequential approaches. The proposed framework can also provide insights to help organizations to avoid common failures when deploying digital transformation initiatives. The paper follows the design science research (DSR) and the information systems design science research (ISDSR) methodologies to develop the IDTSF model and a practical design artifact. The main problems were the initiation, execution, and governance challenges associated with digital transformation. After identifying the problems and the objectives, a relevant IDTSF model was synthesized and tested as a design artifact. The results of the test of the proposed artifact showed its effectiveness and efficiency in facilitating the components of the model in creating a cohesive framework.
Strengthening Food Systems Governance to Achieve Multiple Objectives: A Comparative Instrumentation Analysis of Food Systems Policies in Vanuatu and the Solomon Islands
Authors: Reeve Erica , Ravuvu Amerita , Farmery Anna , Mauli Senoveva , Wilson Dorah , Johnson Ellen , Thow Anne-Marie
Published: May 2022

Political leaders from around the world are demonstrating interest in adopting food policies that account for the economic, health, social and environmental dimensions of food. In the Pacific Islands, decades of experience in implementing multisectoral NCD and climate policy has indicated that operationalising food systems policies will be challenging. We aimed to identify opportunities for food systems sectors to more strongly promote nutrition and environmental sustainability in addition to economic objectives. We conducted a comparative documentary analysis of 37 food systems sector policies in Vanuatu and the Solomon Islands. We applied theories of agenda- setting to examine how the frames employed by different sectors, and evident in policy content, shaped policy priorities and activities. We identified a predominately economic framing of issues affecting food systems sectors. Though there were clear policy aims to produce enough food to meet population dietary requirements and to promote an environmentally resilient food supply, aims operationalised more predominately through policy content were those that increase the contribution of productive sectors to food exports and import substitution. Food systems sectors in the Pacific Islands have clear aims to promote nutritious and environmentally resilient food systems, but policy instruments could more strongly reflect these aims.
Anti-Corruption Disclosure, Corporate Social Expenditure and Political Corporate Social Responsibility: Empirical Evidence from Bangladesh
Authors: Masud Md. Abdul Kaium , Rahman Mahfuzur , Rashid Md. Harun Ur
Published: May 2022

Corruption is a major concern globally, particularly in developing countries, such as Bangladesh, where it is the main obstacle to economic development. Corruption is also mentioned as the major impediment to accomplishing sustainable development. There is a dearth of studies on anti-corruption disclosure (ACD), political corporate social responsibility (PCSR), and cash holding in Bangladesh magnitude of this research. This study investigates different drivers and motivations of ACD practice of a less control of corruption country’s firm-level observations. This study incorporates an institutional and legitimacy theoretical lens to explain anti-corruption disclosure practice. In order to draw the best picture of corruption disclosure, the study uses all financial sector companies listed on the Dhaka Stock Exchange. Therefore, the total firm-year observations are 245 from 2012–2016. The authors developed a diverse set of 97 keywords as content for ACD. The regression results show that CSR expenditures, political corporate social responsibility (PCSR), financial constraint, internationalization of reporting, and media visibility positively and significantly affect firm-level ACD. Furthermore, cash holdings show negative and significant relationships. The study provides new evidence on CSR expenditure, PCSR, cash holdings, and media visibility from a developing country’s perspective. Therefore, the results suggest that policymakers and regulatory authorities can deal with ACD as a legitimization tool for society and stakeholders.
Quantifying Effect of Post-Tensioned Bars for Precast Concrete Shear Walls
Authors: Bao Quoc To , Lee Kihak , Kim Sung-Jig , Shin Jiuk
Published: May 2022

A hybrid concrete wall is made up of a traditional reinforced concrete wall with post-tensioned technology. Recent research has shown that post-tensioned (PT) reinforced concrete shear walls have a wide range of advantages when it comes to resisting lateral forces and lateral moments caused by earthquake loading. To explore the PT reinforced concrete wall behavior subjected to seismic load, the concrete models were augmented with various material models, including the KCC, CDP, and Winfrith models for a PT 2D wall under pushover analysis. To ensure that the overall behavior forecast was qualitatively acceptable, the models’ performance was compared to experimental findings. Then, the post-tensioned modeling approach was implemented with the 3D wall in order to predict structural responses of the PT 3D wall. The well-validated finite element models were ultilized to estimate the effects of the post-tensioned bars on lateral resisting capacities of the precast concrete shear wall.
The COVID-19 Pandemic Impact on Corporate Dividend Policy of Sustainable and Responsible Investment in Indonesia: Static and Dynamic Panel Data Model Comparison
Authors: Tinungki Georgina Maria , Hartono Powell Gian , Robiyanto Robiyanto , Hartono Agus Budi , Jakaria Jakaria , Simanjuntak Lydia Rosintan
Published: May 2022

This research investigates the impact of crisis due to the COVID-19 pandemic on the dividend policy of green index companies in Indonesia, namely the Sustainable and Responsible Investment (SRI) by Biodiversity (KEHATI) Foundation, or SRI-KEHATI indexed companies. The purposive sampling technique was used to collect data from companies listed from 2014 to 2020, using static and dynamic panel data models. From the several panel data models tested, the static panel data regression with random effects model (REM) and fixed effect model (FEM) uses the least square dummy variable-robust standard error (LSDV-RSE) technique are the best econometric models feasible. The system generalized method of moments (SYS-GMM) is used as a suitable econometric model with a robustness test used to determine static panel data regression. It is reported that SRI-KEHATI indexed companies tend to distribute dividends positively during this crisis, and is also statistically proven robust. This gives a positive signal to the capital market concerning the sluggish trading activity. The market reaction test, using two-approaches, showed that this business did not provide a positive reaction to the capital market, which turned out to be pessimistic. Furthermore, profitability and financial leverage have a robust effect, while dividends from the previous year affect dividend policy on the static panel data model, and firm size affect dividend policy on SYS-GMM. Predictors that proved influential with a direction not in line with the hypothesis were investment opportunities on REM and SYS-GMM, and firm age on SYS-GMM. The parameter estimation that passes the model specification test is feasible, whiles the biased and inconsistency of parameter estimation due to the alleged correlation between ui,t and PYDi,t failed to occur in static panel data regression. The endogeneity issue was resolved by dynamic panel data regression with the strongest corrective effect. This research can be used as a reference for investors to obtain optimal returns on green index companies in the country. An optimal dividend policy can increase the value of the SRI-KEHATI indexed companies; therefore, it can contribute optimally to sustainability and responsibility for social and environmental aspects.
Carbon Emission Prediction Model and Analysis in the Yellow River Basin Based on a Machine Learning Method
Authors: Zhao Jinjie , Kou Lei , Wang Haitao , He Xiaoyu , Xiong Zhihui , Liu Chaoqiang , Cui Hao
Published: May 2022

Excessive carbon emissions seriously threaten the sustainable development of society and the environment and have attracted the attention of the international community. The Yellow River Basin is an important ecological barrier and economic development zone in China. Studying the influencing factors of carbon emissions in the Yellow River Basin is of great significance to help China achieve carbon peaking. In this study, quadratic assignment procedure regression analysis was used to analyze the factors influencing carbon emissions in the Yellow River Basin from the perspective of regional differences. Accurate carbon emission prediction models can guide the formulation of emission reduction policies. We propose a machine learning prediction model, namely, the long short-term memory network optimized by the sparrow search algorithm, and apply it to carbon emission prediction in the Yellow River Basin. The results show an increasing trend in carbon emissions in the Yellow River Basin, with significant inter-provincial differences. The carbon emission intensity of the Yellow River Basin decreased from 5.187 t/10,000 RMB in 2000 to 1.672 t/10,000 RMB in 2019, showing a gradually decreasing trend. The carbon emissions of Qinghai are less than one-tenth of those in Shandong, the highest carbon emitter. The main factor contributing to carbon emissions in the Yellow River Basin from 2000 to 2010 was GDP per capita; after 2010, the main factor was population. Compared to the single long short-term memory network, the mean absolute percentage error of the proposed model is reduced by 44.38%.
Impact of Particle Size on Toxicity, Tissue Distribution and Excretion Kinetics of Subchronic Intratracheal Instilled Silver Nanoparticles in Mice
Authors: Rosário Fernanda , Creylman Jan , Verheyen Geert , Van Miert Sabine , Santos Conceição , Hoet Peter , Oliveira Helena
Published: May 2022

The unique physicochemical properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) make them useful in a wide range of sectors, increasing their propensity for human exposure, as well as the need for thorough toxicological assessment. The biodistribution of silver, hematological parameters and GSH/GSSG levels in the lung and liver were studied in mice that were intratracheally instilled with AgNP (5 and 50 nm) and AgNO3 once a week for 5 weeks, followed by a recovery period of up to 28 days (dpi). Data was gathered to build a PBPK model after the entry of AgNPs into the lungs. AgNPs could be absorbed into the blood and might cross the physiological barriers and be distributed extensively in mice. Similar to AgNO3, AgNP5 induced longer-lasting toxicity toward blood cells and increased GSH levels in the lung. The exposure to AgNP50 increased the GSH from 1 dpi onward in the liver and silver was distributed to the organs after exposure, but its concentration decreased over time. In AgNP5 treated mice, silver levels were highest in the spleen, kidney, liver and blood, persisting for at least 28 days, suggesting accumulation. The major route for excretion seemed to be through the urine, despite a high concentration of AgNP5 also being found in feces. The modeled silver concentration was in line with the in vivo data for the heart and liver.
Dysregulated Immune Responses in SARS-CoV-2-Infected Patients: A Comprehensive Overview
Authors: Kudryavtsev Igor , Rubinstein Artem , Golovkin Alexey , Kalinina Olga , Vasilyev Kirill , Rudenko Larisa , Isakova-Sivak Irina
Published: May 2022

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first detected in humans more than two years ago and caused an unprecedented socio-economic burden on all countries around the world. Since then, numerous studies have attempted to identify various mechanisms involved in the alterations of innate and adaptive immunity in COVID-19 patients, with the ultimate goal of finding ways to correct pathological changes and improve disease outcomes. State-of-the-art research methods made it possible to establish precise molecular mechanisms which the new virus uses to trigger multisystem inflammatory syndrome and evade host antiviral immune responses. In this review, we present a comprehensive analysis of published data that provide insight into pathological changes in T and B cell subsets and their phenotypes, accompanying the acute phase of the SARS-CoV-2 infection. This knowledge might help reveal new biomarkers that can be utilized to recognize case severity early as well as to provide additional objective information on the effective formation of SARS-CoV-2-specific immunity and predict long-term complications of COVID-19, including a large variety of symptoms termed the ‘post-COVID-19 syndrome’.
Hepatitis B Virus Infection among Japanese Immigrants and Descendants: The Need to Strengthen Preventive and Control Measures
Authors: Demarchi Luiz Henrique Ferraz , Bandeira Larissa Melo , Taira Deborah Ledesma , Zardin Marina Castilhos Souza Umaki , Ibanhes Mary Luizia , Esposito Ana Olivia Pascoto , De Arruda Larissa Domingues Castilho , Gonçalves Crhistinne Cavalheiro Maymone , Weis-Torres Sabrina Moreira dos Santos , Cesar Gabriela Alves , Da Cunha Rivaldo Venâncio , Tanaka Tayana Serpa Ortiz , Puga Marco Antonio Moreira , De Rezende Grazielli Rocha , Lopes Roberta Barbosa , Uehara Silvia Naomi de Oliveira , Pinho João Renato Rebello , Carrilho Flair Jose , Gomes-Gouvêa Michele Soares , Motta-Castro Ana Rita Coimbra
Published: May 2022

This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of Hepatitis B virus infection among Japanese immigrants and their descendants from São Paulo (SP), and to verify the occurrence of occult hepatitis B and coinfection with HCV, Delta, and HTLV. All samples (n = 2.127) were tested for HBV serological markers by electrochemiluminescence. HBsAg and/or total anti-HBc positive samples were tested for HBV DNA by real-time PCR, and genotyped by sequencing using the Sanger methodology. The prevalence rate of HBV exposure was 13.4% (CI 95%: 11.9–14.9%), and 22 (1.1%) were HBsAg positive. A high rate of susceptibility to HBV infection was found (67.4%; CI 95%: 65.4–69.4%). In contrast, only 19.2% (CI 95%: 17.6–20.9%) presented a serological profile analogous to that elicited by Hepatitis B vaccination. HBV isolates (n = 8) were classified as genotypes HBV/B1 (62.5%), HBV/C2 (12.5%), HBV/F1b (12.5%), and HBV/A1 (12.5%). Hepatitis B vaccination strategies and educational measures to control this infection should be considered.
Immunogenicity and Safety of Homologous and Heterologous Prime–Boost Immunization with COVID-19 Vaccine: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Cheng Haoyue , Peng Zhicheng , Si Shuting , Alifu Xialidan , Zhou Haibo , Chi Peihan , Zhuang Yan , Mo Minjia , Yu Yunxian
Published: May 2022

A prime–boost strategy of COVID-19 vaccines brings hope to limit the spread of SARS-CoV-2, while the immunogenicity of the vaccines is waning over time. Whether a booster dose of vaccine is needed has become a widely controversial issue. However, no published meta-analysis has focused on the issue. Therefore, this study assessed the immunogenicity and safety of the different combinations of prime–boost vaccinations. Electronic databases including PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, medRxiv, Wanfang and CNKI were used to retrieve the original studies. A total of 28 studies, 9 combinations of prime–boost vaccinations and 5870 subjects were included in the meta-analysis, and random effect models were used to estimate pooled immunogenicity and safety. The immunity against COVID-19 after the prime vaccination waned over time, especially in the populations primed with inactivated vaccines, in which the seropositive rate of antibodies was only 28% (95% CI: 17–40%). Booster vaccination could significantly increase the antibody responses, and heterologous immunization was more effective than homologous immunization (neutralization titers: 1.65 vs. 1.27; anti-RBD IgG: 1.85 vs. 1.15); in particular, the combination of inactivated–mRNA vaccines had the highest antibody responses (neutralization titers: MRAW = 3.64, 95% CI: 3.54–3.74; anti-RBD IgG: 3.73, 95% CI: 3.59–3.87). Moreover, compared with the initial two doses of vaccines, a booster dose did not induce additional or severe adverse events. The administration of the booster dose effectively recalled specific immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 and increased antibody levels, especially in heterologous immunization. Considering the long-term immunogenicity and vaccine equity, we suggest that now, only individuals primed with inactivated vaccines require a booster dose.
Association of Cerebral Venous Thrombosis with mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines: A Disproportionality Analysis of the World Health Organization Pharmacovigilance Database
Authors: Park Jin , Park Moo-Seok , Kim Hyung Jun , Song Tae-Jin
Published: May 2022

Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT), a rare thrombotic event that can cause serious neurologic deficits, has been reported after some ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccinations against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, there are few reports of associations between COVID-19 mRNA vaccination and CVT. We retrospectively analyzed CVT occurrence, time of onset after vaccination, outcomes (recovered/not recovered), and death after COVID-19 vaccination from adverse drug reactions (ADR) reports in VigiBase. A disproportionality analysis was performed regarding COVID-19 mRNA vaccines (BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273) and the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine. We identified 756 (0.07%) CVT cases (620 (0.05%) after BNT162b2 and 136 (0.01%) after mRNA-1273) of 1,154,023 mRNA vaccine-related ADRs. Significant positive safety signals were noted for COVID-19 mRNA vaccines (95% lower end of information component = 1.56; reporting odds ratio with 95% confidence interval (CI) = 3.27). The median days to CVT onset differed significantly between the BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccines (12 (interquartile range, 3–22) and 11 (interquartile range, 7–16), respectively; p = 0.02). Fewer CVT patients died after receiving mRNA vaccines than after receiving the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (odds ratio, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.22–0.45; p < 0.001). We noted a potential safety signal for CVT occurrence after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination. Therefore, awareness about the risk of CVT, even after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination, is necessary.
Assessment of the studied problem and directions of improvement in accounting and tax accounting depreciation of fixed assets
Authors:   Stavropol State Agrarian University, Kostyukova E. I. , Germanova V. S. ,   Stavropol State Agrarian University, Frolov A. V. ,   Stavropol State Agrarian University, Khoruzhy V. I. ,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
Published: May 2022

The subject of the study is the system of accounting and tax accounting of depreciation of fixed assets of agricultural organizations of the Stavropol Territory. The information base was the forms of specialized reporting of agricultural organizations of the Stavropol Territory. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the development of various methods for improving accounting and tax accounting for depreciation of fixed assets.
NUTRITIONAL SILAGE FROM VARIOUS FORAGE CROPS
Authors: ДУБОРЕЗОВ В.М. , ДУБОРЕЗОВ И.В.
Published: May 2022

В работе представлены результаты исследований по оценке питательности силоса, заготовленного из различных кормовых культур. Установлено, что у силоса, приготовленного из кукурузы и сорго сахарного, переваримость сухого вещества находилась на уровне 63—64,5%. У силоса из подсолнечника она оказалась ниже — 61,2%. Максимальная энергетическая ценность силоса отмечена у раннеспелых гибридов кукурузы — 2,29 МДж ОЭ в натуральном корме и 10,48 МДж ОЭ в сухом веществе. Увеличение высоты среза при уборке среднеранних гибридов повышает энергетическую ценность силоса с 1,96 МДж ОЭ до 2,26 МДж ОЭ. Уборка на силос среднеспелых гибридов кукурузы после заморозков несколько улучшает питательность натурального корма, но снижает концентрацию энергии в сухом веществе с 9,29 до 9,05 МДж ОЭ. Сорго сахарное по выходу питательных веществ с 1 га и концентрации энергии в сухом веществе силоса не уступает кукурузе, а по выходу протеина с 1 га имеет самый высокий показатель — 1028 кг, однако по энергетической ценности (1,86 МДж ОЭ) натуральный корм уступает кукурузному силосу. Подсолнечник из-за высокой влажности имеет низкую питательность силоса — 1,64 МДж ОЭ и наименьший показатель по выходу обменной энергии с 1 га — 61,8 ГДж.

The paper presents the results of the studies conducted in experiments on sheep in the physiological yard, to assess the nutritional value of silage harvested from various fodder crops. It was found that in silage made from corn and sugar sorghum, the digestibility of dry matter was at the level of 63—64.5%. In sunflower silage, it turned out to be lower (about 61.2%). The maximum energy value of silage was noted in early-ripening corn hybrids is 2.29 MJ OE in natural feed and 10.48 MJ OE in soft matter. Increasing the cut height when harvesting mediumearly hybrids increases the energy value of the silo from 1.96 MJ OE to 2.26 MJ OE. Harvesting medium-ripened corn hybrids for silage after freezing slightly increases the nutritional value of natural feed, but reduces the concentration of energy in dry matter from 9.29 to 9.05 MJ OE. Sugar sorghum is not inferior to corn in terms of the yield of nutrients from 1 ha and the energy concentration in the soft matter of the silage, and in terms of protein yield from 1 ha it has the highest index of 1028 kg, however, in terms of energy value (1.86 MJ OE), natural feed is inferior to corn silage. Sunflower, due to high humidity, has a low nutritional value of silage (1.64 MJ OE) and the lowest indicator for the output of exchange energy from 1 hectare (61.8 GJ).
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE ASSESSMENT OF THE BREEDING VALUE OF YOUNG ANIMALS TESTED BY THEIR OWN PRODUCTIVITY
Authors: ХАЙНАЦКИЙ В.Ю.
Published: May 2022

В статье рассмотрен ряд факторов (класс по живой массе при отъеме от матерей и возраст при постановке на контрольное выращивание), оказывающих влияние на уровень продуктивности бычков мясных пород при тестировании по показателям собственной продуктивности и, соответственно, на оценку племенной ценности тестируемых животных. Показано, что для оценки бычков по собственной продуктивности и производителей по качеству потомства следует отбирать животных с хорошим развитием, не ниже второго класса по живой массе. Наилучшие показатели живой массы в возрасте 15 мес и более высокая скорость роста характерны для животных, поставленных на выращивание в возрасте 7 мес. Адаптационный период у них, длящийся 7—8 мес, во время которого наблюдается снижение продуктивности, не учитывается при выращивании. У молодняка в возрасте 8 мес и старше адаптационный период, длительность которого составляет 20—30 дней, входит в контролируемые сроки тестирования, отрицательно сказываясь на величине среднесуточного прироста и, соответственно, на оценке племенной ценности.

The article considers a number of factors (class according to live weight at weaning from mothers and age when sited for control rearing) that affect the level of productivity of beef bulls when tested in terms of their own productivity and, accordingly, the assessment of the breeding value of the tested animals. It has been shown that in order to evaluate bulls by their own productivity and sires by the quality of progeny, animals with good development, not lower than the second class in live weight, should be selected. The best indicators of live weight at the age of 15 months and a higher growth rate are typical for animals raised at the age of 7 months. Their adaptation period lasting 7-8 months, when a decrease in productivity is observed, is not taken into account at rearing. In young animals aged 8 months and older, the adaptation period, the duration of which is 20–30 days, is included in the controlled testing periods, negatively affecting the average daily gain and, accordingly, the assessment of breeding value.
ANALISIS BIG DATA DENGAN METODE EXPLORATORY DATA ANALYSIS (EDA) DAN METODE VISUALISASI MENGGUNAKAN JUPYTER NOTEBOOK
Authors: Radhi Muhammad , Amalia Amalia , Sitompul Daniel Ryan Hamonangan , Sinurat Stiven Hamonangan , Indra Evta
Published: May 2022

Dengan adanya kebutuhan akan informasi dari data yang digunakan dalam kegiatan bisnis, maka perlu dilakukan eksplorasi data untuk mengetahui informasi tersebut. Dalam proses eksplorasi data dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan grafik, sedangkan dalam penggunaan grafik tersebut dapat berguna untuk mengidentifikasi pola-pola yang ada pada data. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk memperoleh informasi dari hasil eksplorasi data dengan menggunakan data penjualan barang elektronik dalam memperoleh informasi sebagai bahan pertimbangan dalam merencanakan strategi peningkatan usaha. Bahwa dalam penjualan barang elektronik dari bulan januari 2019 – desember 2019 yang paling banyak terjual adalah baterai AAA(4 packs) sedangkan barang yang paling sedikit terjual adalah LG Dryer. Dan untuk produk elektronik yang paling mahal terjual sepanjang bulan januari – desember adalah Macbook Pro Laptop dengan kisaran harga sebesar 1750 dolar.
ANALISIS PELAYANAN UNIT PEMBUATAN KARTU KUNING (AK-1) MENGGUNAKAN METODE SERVQUAL PADA DINAS KETENAGAKERJAAN KOTA MEDAN
Authors: Aisyah Siti , Shyntia Dian , WARDANI SUMITA , WIJAYA DEWANTORO RICO
Published: May 2022

Sesuai dengan pasal 25 ayat 3 kartu kuning (AK-1) adalah kartu tanda bukti pendaftaran pencari kerja. Istilah Kartu kuning (AK-1) ini berasal bentuk kartu tanda bukti pendaftaran pencari kerja yang berwarna kuning. Kartu kuning (AK-1) digunakan oleh para pencari kerja sebagai keterangan bahwa para pencari kerja belum dan sedang mencari kerja. Banyaknya pencari kerja yang tidak diimbangi dengan penempatan kerjanya, sehingga masih adanya pengagguran yang tersisa akibat tidak meratanya penyaluran tenaga kerja dengan banyak nya lowongan yang ada menunjukkan bahwa masih terjadi masalah lain terkait dengan pelayanan kartu kuning (AK-1) pada Dinas Ketenagakerjaan Kota Medan. Selain masalah tersebut, adanya keluhan pemohon tentang sarana dan  prasarana yang kurang dalam pelayanan kartu kuning (AK-1) juga menjadi sorotan tersendiri menyangkut kualitas pelayanan kartu kuning (AK-1) yang diberikan oleh Dinas Ketenagakerjaan Kota Medan. Dalam model Servqual, kualitas jasa didefinisikan sebagai penilaian atau sikap global berkenaan dengan superioritas suatu jasa. Penillaian kualitas pelayanan perlu dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagimana  kualitas pelayanan unit pembuatan kartu kuning (AK-1) pada Dinas Ketenagakerjaan Kota Medan. Peningkatan kualitas pelayanan yang dilakukan oleh Dinas Ketenagakerjaan Kota Medan dari Gap Servqual sudah baik.
Analisis Rasio Persepsi Konsumen Pada Kualitas Pelayanan Ojek Online Dengan Metode Service Quality
Authors: Harmaja Okta Jaya , Farrona Rio , Siringo Ringo Jaka Tomi Ronaldo , Hutasoit Leo Nardo , Sinurat Stiven Hamonangan , Indra Evta
Published: May 2022

Untuk memenuhi aktivitas masyarakat yang beragam apalagi dengan jalanan kota-kota besar yang sangat padat dan sering terjadi kemacetan, membuat masyarakat malas menggunakan transportasi pribadi, dengan adanya transportasi online tentunya akan lebih praktis dan mampu memberikan kemudahan bagi masyarakat sebagai alat penunjang dalam membantu aktivitasnya. Metode Servqual merupakan metode yang digunakan untuk mengukur kualitas layanan dari atribut masing-masing dimensi, sehingga akan diperoleh nilai gap (kesenjangan) yang merupakam selisih antara persepsi konsumen terhadap layanan yang telah diterima dengan harapan terhadap yang akan diterima. Dalam perhitungan perbandingan kualitas pelayanan ojek online melalui kusioner sebanyak 130 responden, didapat hasil bahwa dari keempat Ojek Online yang diteliti Grab menempati posisi pertama dengan nilai persentase sebesar 25,56% posisi kedua ditempati oleh Gojek dengan nilai persentase sebesar 25,45% posisi ketiga ditempati oleh Maxim dengan nilai persentase 24,55% dan diposisi keempat ditempati oleh In-Driver dengan nilai persentase 24,43%.
Sistem Informasi RAM (Reliability, Avaibility, Maintability) Analisis Kinerja Peralatan Gerbang Tol Berbasis Dashboard
Authors: Mahardhika Restu Mahardhika , Rakhmayudhi Rakhmayudhi , Purwanti Santi , Nasihin Sirajun
Published: May 2022

Penulis-an yang berjudul Sistem Informasi RAM (Reliability, Avaibility, Maintability) Analisis Kinerja Peralatan Gerbang Tol Berbasis Dashboard adalah sebuah sistem informasi yang dibangun untuk membantu PT. XYZ dalam mengukur kinerja peralatannya, khususnya di Gardu Tol. Dengan dibangunnya sistem ini perusahaan dapat melakukan pemantuan peralatan terkait kehandalan, ketersediaan dan syarat dilakukannya perawatan. Hasil pengujian dari dibangunnya sistem ini menunjukan bahwa sistem informasi tidak memiliki kendala dari segi pengujian blackbox. Selain itu, pengujian Akurasi mengenai penghitungan yang dilakukan sesuai dengan teori yang digunakan. Dalam pengujian yang telah dilakukan mendapat respon yang baik dari pengguna terakhir. Dengan demikian, Sistem informasi ini layak digunakan sebagai alat untuk mengukur kinerja peralatannya.
PERBANDINGAN AKURASI C4.5 DAN NAIVE BAYES UNTUK EVALUASI KINERJA KARYAWAN PT CATUR SENTOSA ADIPRANA
Authors: Rudianto Rudianto , Wahyudi Tedi , Handayani Popon
Published: May 2022

ABSTRAK- Proses evaluasi penilaian kinerja karyawan PT Catur Sentosa Adiprana (CSA) belum sepenuhnya efektif dikarenakan proses perhitungannya yang masih dilakukan secara manual dan masih terdapat unsur subjektif dalam proses penilaiannya, sehingga hasil penilaian yang diperolehpun menjadi kurang akurat dan Algoritmamenyebabkan ketidakpuasan serta ketidakadilan bagi karyawan. Menilai setiap karyawan tentunya bukan hal yang mudah jika jumlah karyawan begitu banyak, maka dari itu penerapan data mining dengan metode Algoritma klasifikasi C4.5 (Decision tree) dan Naïve Bayes dipilih untuk membantu proses evaluasi penilaian kinerja karyawan dalam menentukan mana karyawan yang layak dan mana yang tidak layak untuk dipertahankan dengan mengidentifikasi berbagai faktor apa saja yang dapat memengaruhinya. Pengimplementasian kedua metode algoritma ini diharapkan dapat digunakan untuk mengetahui perbadingan akurasi yang lebih komprehensif dengan mencari nilai tertinggi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, diperoleh hasil uji komparasi algoritma klasifikasi C4.5 memiliki nilai akurasi sebesar 98.18% lebih unggul 3.03% dibandingkan dengan Naïve Bayes yang memiliki nilai akurasi 95.15%. sedangkan pada nilai uji ROC, kedua algoritma ini memiliki nilai uji ROC yang masuk tingkat paling baik (excellent classification), yaitu C4.5 sebesar 0.994 dan Naïve Bayes 0.981 dengan perbedaan yang tidak terlalu signifikan. Dengan demikian, Algoritma C4.5 memiliki performa lebih baik dan dapat diterapkan sebagai bahan dasar pertimbangan dalam menentukan karyawan yang layak atau tidak layak untuk dipertahankan secara adil, objektif, dan cepat oleh pihak pengambil keputusan dengan bantuan perangkat lunak Rapid Miner Studio.

Kata kunci : Klasifikasi, Karyawan, Algoritma C4.5, Naïve Bayes, Rapid Miner.
PENERAPAN METODE DECISION TREE DALAM PEMBERIAN BONUS KINERJA KARYAWAN MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA C5.0 PADA PT. JUNYE GROUP LANGKAT
Authors: Tajrin Tajrin , - Novendy
Published: May 2022

ABSTRAK- Manusia merupakan sumber daya yang tidak lepas pada setiap perusahaan, manusia memiliki pengetahuan, keterampilan, kemampuan dan karya. Bonus merupakan salah satu pendorong karyawan untuk menunjukkan kinerjanya lebih baik. Dengan memberikan bonus merupakan bentuk penghargaan kepada karyawan untuk memotivasi para karyawan yang memiliki kemampuan dan semangat kerja yang tinggi dalam melakukan pekerjaannya, bonus yang diberikan sesuai dengan prestasi kerja yang dihasilkan. PT. Junye Group Langkat bergerak di bidang eksport kayu ke luar negeri seperti Cina dan Korea biasanya pemberian bonus atas prestasi kinerja setiap tahun diberikan, tetapi proses pemberian bonus kepada karyawan masih melakukan secara manual yang memerlukan waktu yang cukup lama untuk dapat menentukan hasil karyawan yang mendapatkan bonus. oleh karena itu peneliti merancang sebuah sistem datamining dengan menerapakan Metode Decision Tree dan Algoritma C5.0 yang akan membantu proses perhitungan berdasarkan kriteria-kriteria  secara cepat dan ideal dalam menentukan karyawan yang terbaik untuk mendapatkan bonus setiap tahunya. Laju eror yang dipergunakan sebagai evaluasi algoritma C5.0 dalam klasifikasi pemberian bonus kinerja karyawan sebesar 8.% kesalahan dari 20 data, artinya ada 12 karyawan yang tepat di klasifikasikan.
Analisis perbandingan sentimen Corona Virus Disease-2019 (Covid19) pada Twitter Menggunakan Metode Logistic Regression Dan Support Vector Machine (SVM)
Authors: Kelvin Kelvin , Banjarnahor Jepri , - Evta Indra , NK Nababan Marlince
Published: May 2022

Melihat perkembangan twitter tersebut maka twitter menjadi salah satu media yang dapat digunakan untuk melakukan analisis sentimen terhadap bebagai topik. Penelitian ini  melakukan suatu analisis sentimen terhadap bahasan yang saat ini sering menjadi trending topic di twitter yaitu “CoronaVirus Disease-2019 (covid19)”. Penyebaran virus ini juga langsung dibicarakan oleh banyak kalangan masyarakat twitter, saat ini virus corona tengah menjadi perhatian dunia internasional. Banyaknya jumlah angka korban dan cepatnya penularan virus membuat masyarakat khawatir dan muncul berbagai opini tentang virus corona, Opini inilah yang kemudian di analisa untuk diketahui polaritasnya dengan analisis sentimen. Metode yang digunakan adalah Logistic Regression dan Support Vector Machine (SVM) dimana SVM memiliki nilai akurasi 91,15% dalam data test sedangkan metode Logistic Regression mendapatkan nilai akurasi sebanyak 87,68% dalam data test.