bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disguise and Belief in Milton’s Paradise Regain’d
Authors: Bodó Bence Levente
Published: November 2021

What we see can confirm our preconceptions, act as proof for what is doubtful. Yet, belief is strongest when it does not require visual, tangible, or any kind of proof. Milton’s later epic dramatises the threefold temptation of Christ in the wilderness, exploring the beliefs of Christ, the Tempter, and even the reader. In the spiritual battle of the two characters, the pictures that the words paint give much of the epic grandeur, as the poem investigates the reliability of the visual. In this process Satan’s disguises try to capitalise on the cultural connotations of clothing, while Christ stands in naked honesty.
From Guignol to a Grand Guignol
Authors: Komáromy Gábor
Published: November 2021

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Received Text versus Authentic Text
Authors: Paraizs Júlia
Published: November 2021

This paper focuses primarily on the editorial activities of George Steevens and tries to answer the radical change in his editorial theory and practice in his Shakespeare edition of 1793. The two editors who dominated Shakespeare editing from the last third of the eighteenth century to the second half of the nineteenth were George Steevens and Edmond Malone, both of them working in the Johnsonian tradition. They also collaborated on a number of Shakespeare editions until the early 1790s, when their new editions became a site of contest. I argue that while Malone stands for the recently established criteria of modern textual scholarship, i.e. the quest to determine the authentic text, the editorial principles of Steevens's 1793 edition embody a recognition of the merits of the received text and the genre best fitting it - the tradition of variorum editing. I suggest that the sudden break may be read as Steevens's attempt to show an alternative to the scholarly editing principles he had helped establish, as well as reinforce the idea that editions are discursive constructs.
Revisiting Modernism and the Myth of the Descent to the Underworld
Authors: Martínez-Alfaro María Jesús
Published: November 2021

This paper approaches Charles Palliser's The Sensationist (1991) in the light of one of the myths most frequently found in modernist art and literature: the descent to the underworld. It argues that The Sensationist also resorts to the myth of the descent to hell, but it does so in a way that the final result can be regarded as an altered version of what Evans Lansing Smith has called the sequence "rape-revelation." Likewise, the novel's form is analyzed - with its alternation between homodiegetic and heterodiegetic narration - as illustrating an evolution which has left the once coherent ego further and further behind, moving from wholeness to alienation and then to fragmentation; that is to say, from unity to disintegration. The analysis concludes by briefly connecting the overall picture that emerges from The Sensationist with what Gilles Lipovetsky refers to as Narcissistic culture in the age of the void, which coincides with the cultural paradigm Palliser fictionally recreates in his second novel.
Buddhism as Critical Lens
Authors: Swartz Omar
Published: November 2021

Kerouac's Asian transcendence - identified as his critical Buddhism - offers alternatives to the status quo by which individuals can live, grow, and interact with society. Specifically, Kerouac's Buddhism exemplifies a crucial social deviance, in which he rejects the superficiality and "supervision" associated with television and the cultural denial of our more authentic selves.
'That Power of Giving Pleasure'
Authors: Dózsai Rita
Published: November 2021

The paper examines Dr. Johnson's concept of novelty as a means to aesthetic pleasure. Undertaking the close reading of Rambler 121, an early and decisive paper on literary imitation, I argue that the most important critical principle by which Johnson judges ancient and modern imitations is novelty. In this essay, the Virgilian and the Spenserian imitations illustrate the pressure and the dangers of following models. I also consider the critical vocabulary that provides the context of this concept and, drawing on Wimsatt's method, attempt to reveal the intimate connection between a Dictionary entry and a Rambler word reflecting upon the possible sources of Johnson's idea of novelty.
Stella and Rosa
Authors: Horváth Rita
Published: November 2021

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Locating Margery Kempe
Authors: Padden Lisa
Published: November 2021

This article examines the use of space and the experience of sexuality in The Book of Margery Kempe. Initially looking at the “traditional” uses of space and the gendering of location and occupation, the article then looks in depth at how Kempe operates her piety spatially. In medieval cultural femininity is associated with the untrustworthy body and so the female must be confined to the safe inner space while the masculine body is free to exist in the outer world. Margery Kempe resists this categorisation despite the abuse she receives from her community in Lynn and from other on pilgrimage. The article argues that the strong reaction received by Kempe to her voice and physical presence in the world is primarily a reflection of the attitude of the church and lay community towards gender and female sexuality. The article also discusses the apparent sexual nature of Kempe’s experiences and how the sexualisation of Kempe may reflect the space she chooses to occupy. The article argues that as a married woman who chooses to exercise her piety in a public sphere, Kempe comes up against challenges and has experiences which are largely unmatched in the lives of nuns or anchoresses who may be able physically to avoid worldly corruption after their enclosure.
Contextualizing B. S. Johnson (1933-1973)
Authors: Tew Philip
Published: November 2021

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The Self-Consuming Narrative
Authors: Szabó T. Anna
Published: November 2021

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Mystic London
Authors: Chalupský Petr
Published: November 2021

This article focuses on how the occult and esoteric is employed and explored in selected works of Peter Ackroyd, both as a theme and as a determining factor of their narrative structure. It aims to discuss the basic constituents of the writer’s mythology of London, namely a cyclic understanding of time, and a focus on the power of the genius loci and the city’s outstanding visionaries. It also shows how the occult aspects of these works undermine the traditional narrative principles of the historical novel and by means of pluralisation and hybridisation attempt to invigorate the genre. In order to illustrate the ways in which Ackroyd incorporates elements of the occult and esoteric in his works five novels have been chosen, Hawksmoor (1985), The House of Doctor Dee (1993), Dan Leno and the Limehouse Golem (1994), The Clerkenwell Tales (2003) and The Casebook of Victor Frankenstein (2008), along with the non-fiction London: The Biography (2000).
FORMULATION AND IN VITRO EVALUATION OF GEL BASED POLYHERBAL VAGINAL WASH
Authors: Powar P. V. , Kanade K. ,   Department of Pharmaceutics, Pad. Dr. D. Y. Patil College of Pharmacy, Akurdi Pune - 411 044, Maharashtra, India
Published: November 2021

Vaginal Infection is quite common in India, a multi-city study estimated that more than 90% of women between the ages 25 and 35 suffer with vaginal infection and 93% do not follow the best personal hygiene practices. The vaginal yeast infection is caused by Candida albicans. Which is characterized by Itching, irritation in tissues at the vaginal opening (vulva), burning sensation, redness /swelling of the vulva, vaginal pain ,soreness, vaginal rash, watery vaginal discharge . The objective of the present study was to develop poly-herbal vaginal wash for prevention of Candida albicans infection. Aqueous extracts of Azadirachtaindica leaf, Ocimum Sanctum leaf and Sapindus emarginatus were formulated in an aqueous based carbopol-940 (1%w/w) gel system. Prepared poly herbal vaginal wash formulation was evaluated for their physicochemical properties like texture evaluation, pH determination, viscosity and in vitro Antifungal activity were determined along with short term stability studies. The formulated gel based poly-herbal vaginal wash had acceptable physical parameters that showed that they were compatible and in addition to this, these formulations passed the short-term stability studies. The in vitro antifungal activity studies showed that the formulated gel based vaginal wash showed significantly strong activity against C. albicans. Thus, the present study concludes that the formulated herbal vaginal wash is efficient antifungal formulations for the C. albicans vaginal infection.
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SOME ISOXAZOLE DERIVATIVES FOR ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY
Authors: Umakant  , Sharma D. , Pathak D. , Sharma G. , Sharma M. C. ,   Rajiv Academy for Pharmacy, Chhattikara, Mathura - 281 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
Published: November 2021

In the present work, some newer 3,5-substituted diphenyl isoxazole derivatives (compounds 1-10) were synthesised by reaction of hydroxylamine hydrochloride with various freshly synthesised 1-(substituted phenyl)-3-(substituted phenyl)prop-2en-1-one derivatives (compounds. 1A-10A) in the presence of pyridine and catalytic amount of sodium hydroxide. Compounds 2, 4, 5, 10 were found to possess good antibacterial activity and compounds 3 and 10 showed good antifungal activity when compared with standard drugs ciprofloxacin and fluconazole at the concentration 50 μg mL-1. These results suggest that the synthesized isoxazole derivatives exhibit promising activity and this work may pave the way for future development of promising compounds for this purpose.
EMERGING TRENDS IN QUALITY CONTROL OF HERBAL MATERIALS
Authors:   Editorial Advisory Board, Indian Drugs, Raina M. K.
Published: November 2021

The therapeutic use of medicinal plants gained considerable momentum in the world during the past few decades. Traditional medicines, which are mostly based on the herbal raw materials growing in their respective regions, were used by over 70 percent of the world population as per WHO. The reason for their popularity was due to non-availability of modern medicines in the rural areas and also due to the unaffordability of modern medicines due to their high cost. Quality control of medicinal plants for use in these Traditional medicines has always been a challenge for the scientists working in this field. In our country, with the awareness growing among the people about the safety of Ayurvedic and Herbal medicines / cosmetics, the quality control testing of both raw herbal ingredients and finished formulations was seriously undertaken both by the academic / research institutions and the herbal drug manufacturers.
Neutrosophic Crisp B-Functions
Authors:   Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Sciences, Port Said University, Egypt, Salama A. A.
Published: November 2021

The purpose of the present paper is to introduce and study the concept of B-continuous function and B-open function in neutrosophic crisp topological spaces. Finally, some characterizations concerning neutrosophic crisp functions are presented and one obtains several properties.
A Note on Neutrosophic Polynomials and Some of Its Properties
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Umakanta Academy, Agartala-799001; Tripura, INDIA, admin admin ,   Department of Mathematics, Tripura University,  Agartala -799022; Tripura, INDIA, Mukherjee Anjan
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this article is to study neutrosophic polynomials i.e. polynomials which are Neutrosophic in nature and study its properties with the help of neutrosophic numbers. Apart from this we discuss different types of neutrosophic polynomials with concrete examples and establish some theorems and results which will be useful for the further study. We also give a solution method to find the approximate roots of a neutrosophic polynomial equation.
Remark on Artificial Intelligence, humanoid and Terminator scenario: A Neutrosophic way to futurology
Authors:   Dept. Mathematics and Sciences, University of New Mexico–Gallup, Gallup, NM, USA, .. Victor ,   Satyabhakti Advanced School of Theology – Jakarta Chapter, Jakarta 10410, Indonesia, Christianto Victor
Published: November 2021

This article is an update of our previous article in this SGJ journal, titled: On Gödel's Incompleteness Theorem, Artificial Intelligence Human Mind [7]. We provide some commentary on the latest developments around AI, humanoid robotics, and future scenario. Basically, we argue that a more thoughtful approach to the future is techno-realism.
MBJ-neutrosophic T-ideal on B-algebra
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, The University of Lahore, 1Km Raiwind Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan, Khalid Mohsin ,   Department of Mathematics, Lahore Collage for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan,   University of Management and Technology (UMT), C-II, Johar Town, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan mk4605107@gmail.com, Khalid Neha Andaleeb , Iqbal Rakib
Published: November 2021

In this paper we define and study the MBJ-neutrosophic T-ideal through diferent concept like union, intersection. further we use the important properties to investigate the MBJ-neutrosophic T-ideal under cartesian product and homomorphic results.
Multiplicative Interpretation of Neutrosophic Cubic Set on B-Algebra
Authors:   Dept. of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan, Khalid Mohsin ,   Dept. of Mathematics, Lahore Collage For Women University, Lahore, Pakistan,   Dep.t of Mathematics,National College of Business Administration Economics, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan,   Laboratory of Information Processing, Faculty of Science Ben M’Sik, University Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco, Khalid Neha Andaleeb , Khalid Hasan , Broumi Said
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this paper is to interpret the multiplication of neutrosophic cubic set. Here we define the notation of ɤ-multiplication of neutrosophic cubic set and study it with the help of neutrosophic cubic M-subalgebra, neutrosophic cubic normal ideal and neutrosophic cubic closed normal ideal. We also study ɤ-multiplication under homomorphism and cartesian product through significant characteristics.
Cryptography in Terms of Triangular Neutrosophic Numbers with Real Life Applications
Authors:   Department of Mathematics Lahore Garrison University, Sector-C, Av-4, DHA Phase VI 54000 Lahorer, Pakistan, admin admin ,   Department of Mathematics Lahore Garrison University, Sector-C, Av-4, DHA Phase VI 54000 Lahorer, Pakistan,   Department of Mathematics Lahore Garrison University, Sector-C, Av-4, DHA Phase VI 54000 Lahorer, Pakistan,   Department of Mathematics Lahore Garrison University, Sector-C, Av-4, DHA Phase VI 54000 Lahorer, Pakistan,   Department of Mathematics, TED University, Ön Cebeci, Ziya Gökalp Cd. 48/A, 06420 Çankaya/Ankara, Turkey, Jafar Muhammad Naveed , Habib Ahtasham , Farooq Sara , Türkarslan Ezgi T�
Published: November 2021

In this article, our main focus is to put forward the concept of Cryptography in terms of triangular neutrosophic numbers. This kind of cryptography is really reliable, manual, secure, and based on few simple steps. All the encryption and decryption are easy to proceed (mention below). As we know, Public-key cryptography as an indefatigable defender for human privacy and use as information transfer from the ages. various concepts are available with regard to cryptography e.g. Elliptic curve cryptography. TNNC (Triangular neutrosophic numbers cryptography) is familiar with basic concepts of math as well as applicable in different situations e.g. code cryptography, detailed view cryptography, and Graph cryptography encryption facilitate.
On Finite and Infinite NeutroRings of Type-NR[8,9]
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria., admin admin
Published: November 2021

NeutroRings are alternatives to the classical rings and they are of different types. NeutroRings in some cases exhibit different algebraic properties, and in some cases they exhibit algebraic properties similar to the classical rings. The objective of this paper is to revisit the concept of NeutroRings and study finite and infinite NeutroRings of type-NR[8,9]. In NeutroRings of type-NR[8,9], the left and right distributive axioms are taking to be either partially true or partially false for some elements; while all other classical laws and axioms are taking to be totally true for all the elements. Several examples and properties of NeutroRings of type-NR[8,9] are presented. NeutroSubrings, NeutroIdeals, NeutroQuotientRings and NeutroRingHomomorphisms of the NeutroRings of type-NR[8,9] are studied with several interesting examples and their basic properties are presented. It is shown that in NeutroRings of type-NR[8,9], the fundamental theorem of homomorphisms of the classical rings holds.
True-False Set is a particular case of the Refined Neutrosophic Set
Authors:   Dept. Math and Sciences, University of New Mexico, Gallup, NM 87301, USA, admin admin ,   Laboratory of Information Processing, Faculty of Science Ben M’Sik, University Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco, Broumi Said
Published: November 2021

Borzooei, Mohseni Takallo, and Jun recently proposed a new type of set, called True-False Set [1], and they claimed it is a generalization of Neutrosophic Set [2]. We prove that this assertion is untrue. Actually it’s the opposite, the True-False Set is a particular case of the Refined Neutrosophic Set.
Introduction to Neutrosophic Subtraction Algebra and Neutrosophic Subtraction Semigroup
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria, Akinleye M.A. Ibrahim,  A.A.A. Agboola , E.O. Adeleke, S.A.
Published: November 2021

The objective of this paper is to introduce and study the notion of neutrosophic subtraction algebras and neutrosophic subtraction semigroups. It also introduces the notion of neutrosophic ideals of neutrosophic subtraction semigroup and presents some of their basic properties. In addition, the notion of neutrosophic homomorphism of neutrosophic subtraction semigroups and neutrosophic quotient subtraction semigroups was also introduced.
Uncertainty: two probabilities for the three states of neutrosophy
Authors:   Independent researcher, Switzerland, Schweizer Philippe
Published: November 2021

Uncertainty is inherent to the real world: everything is only probable, precision like in measurements is finite, noise is everywhere... Also, science is based on a modeling of reality that can only be approximate. Therefore we postulate that uncertainty should be considered in our models, and for making this more easy we propose a simple operational conceptualization of uncertainty. Starting from the simple model of associating a probability p to a statement supposed to be true our proposed modeling bridges the gap towards the most complex representation proposed by neutrosophy as a triplet of probabilities. The neutrosophic representation consists in using a triplet of probabilities (t,i,f) instead of just a single probability. In this triplet, t represents the probability of the statement to be true, and f it's the probability to be false. The specific point of neutrosophy it that the probability i represents the probability of the statement to be uncertain, imprecise, or neutral among other significations according to the application. Our proposed representation uses only 2 probabilities instead of 3, and it can be easily translated into the neutrosophic representation. By being simpler we renounce to some power of representing the uncertain but we encourage the modeling of uncertainty (instead of ignoring it) by making this simpler. Briefly said, the prepare the path towards using neutrosophy. Our proposed representation of uncertainty consist, for a statement, not only to add its probability to be true p, but also a second probability pp to model the confidence we have in the first probability p. This second parameter pp represents the plausibility of p, therefore the opposite of its uncertainty. This is the confidence given to the value of p, in short pp is the probability of p (hence the name pp), This is simple to understand, and that allows calculations of combined events using classical probability such as based on the concepts of mean and variance. The stringent advantage of our modeling by the couple (p,pp) is that experts can be easily interrogated to provide their expertise by asking them simply the chance they give to an event a occur (this is p) and the confidence they have in that prediction (which is pp). We give also a formula to transform from our model to the neutrosophic representation. Finally, a short discussion on the entropy as a measure of uncertainty is done.
How we can extend the standard deviation notion with neutrosophic interval and quadruple neutrosophic numbers
Authors:   Malang Institute of Agriculture - IPM, INDONESIA, Christianto V. ,   Dept. Math and Sciences, University of New Mexico, Gallup, NM, USA,   Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21551, Saudi Arabia, Smarandache F. , Aslam M.
Published: November 2021

During scientific demonstrating of genuine specialized framework we can meet any sort and rate model vulnerability. Its reasons can be incognizance of modelers or information mistake. In this way, characterization of vulnerabilities, as for their sources, recognizes aleatory and epistemic ones. The aleatory vulnerability is an inalienable information variety related with the researched framework or its condition. Epistemic one is a vulnerability that is because of an absence of information on amounts or procedures of the framework or the earth [7]. Right now, we examine fourfold neutrosophic numbers and their potential application for practical displaying of physical frameworks, particularly in the unwavering quality evaluation of engineering structures. Contribution: we propose to extend the notion of standard deviation to by using symbolic quadruple operator.
Refined Neutrosophic Rings I
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria, Adeleke E.O. ,   Department of Mathematics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria,   Department of Mathematics Science, University of New Mexico, 705 Gurley Ave., Gallup, NM 87301, USA, Agboola A.A.A. , Smarandache F.
Published: November 2021

The notion of neutrosophic ring R(I) generated by the ring R and the indeterminacy component I was introduced for the ﬁrst time in the literature by Vasantha Kandasamy and Smarandache in.12 Since then, fur-ther studies have been carried out on neutrosophic ring, neutrosophic nearring and neutrosophic hyperring see.1, 3, 4, 6–8 Recently, Smarandache10 introduced the notion of reﬁned neutrosophic logic and neutrosophic set with the splitting of the neutrosophic components T, I, F into the form T1, T2, . . . , Tp; I1, I2, . . . , Ir; F1, F2, . . . , Fs where Ti, Ii, Fi can be made to represent different logical notions and concepts. In,11 Smarandache introduced reﬁned neutrosophic numbers in the form (a, b1I1, b2I2, . . . , bnIn) where a, b1, b2, . . . , bn ∈ R or C. The concept of reﬁned neutrosophic algebraic structures was introduced by Agboola in5 and in particular, reﬁned neutrosophic groups and their substructures were studied. The present paper is devoted to the study of reﬁned neutrosophic rings and their substructures. It is shown that every reﬁned neutrosophic ring is a ring. For the purposes of this paper, it will be assumed that I splits into two indeterminacies I1 [contradiction (true (T) and false (F))] and I2 [ignorance (true (T) or false (F))]. It then follows logically that:
On αω-closed sets and its connectedness in terms of neutrosophic topological spaces
Authors:   Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, India, Parimala M. ,   Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, India,   University of New Mexico, Gallup, USA,   Laboratory of Information Processing, Faculty of Science Ben M’Sik, University Hassan II, B.P 7955, Sidi Othman, Casablanca, Morocco, Karthika M. , Smarandache Florentin , Broumi Said
Published: November 2021

The aim of this paper is to introduce the notion of neutrosophic αω-closed sets and study some of the prop-erties of neutrosophic αω-closed sets. Further, we investigated neutrosophic αω- continuity, neutrosophic αω-irresoluteness, neutrosophic αω connectedness and neutrosophic contra αω continuity along with exam-ples.
Application of Pentagonal Neutrosophic Number in Shortest Path Problem
Authors:   Department of Basic Science, Narula Institute of Technology, Agarpara, Kolkata-700109, India. Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah-711103, India., Chakraborty Avishek
Published: November 2021

Real-human kind issues have distinct sort of ambiguity and among them; one of the critical troubles is solving the shortest path problem. In this contribution, we applied the developed score function and accuracy function of pentagonal neutrosophic number (PNN) into a shortage path selection problem. Further, a time dependent and heuristic cost function related shortest path algorithm is considered here in PNN area and solved it utilizing an influx of dissimilar rational pioneer thinking. Lastly, estimation of total ideal time of the graph reflects the importance of this noble work.
On single valued neutrosophic sets and neutrosophic א-structures: Applications on algebraic structures (hyperstructures)
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Lebanese International University, Bekaa, Lebanon, Al-Tahan Madeleine Al ,   Department of Mathematics, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran, Davvaz Bijan
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we find a relationship between SVNS and neutrosophic N-structures and study it. Moreover, we apply our results to algebraic structures (hyperstructures) and prove that the results on neutrosophic N-substructure (subhyperstructure) of a given algebraic structure (hyperstructure) can be deduced from single valued neutrosophic algebraic structure (hyperstructure) and vice versa.
A new ranking function of triangular neutrosophic number and its application in integer programming
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, National Institute of Technology, Jamshedpur, India, Das Sapan Kumar ,   Department of Applied Mathematics, Ayandegan Institute of Higher Education, Tonekabon, Iran, Edalatpanah S.A.
Published: November 2021

Real humankind problems have different sorts of ambiguity in the creation, and amidst them, one of the significant issues in solving the integer linear programming issues. In this commitment, the conception of aggregation of ranking function has been focused on a distinct framework of reference. Here, we build up another framework for neutrosophic integer programming issues having triangular neutrosophic numbers by using the aggregate ranking function. To legitimize the proposed technique, scarcely numerical analyses are given to show the viability of the new model. At long last, conclusions are talked about.
The Special Neutrosophic Functions
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Gaziantep University, Turkey, Hatip Ahmed
Published: November 2021

In this study, we introduce the notion of special neutrosophic functions as new kinds of neutrosophic function defined in a neutrosophic logic. As particular cases, we present the notions of neutrosophic Floor (greatest integer), neutrosophic Absolute Function and neutrosophic Signum Function. Moreover, we draw its neutrosophic graph representation and discuss similarities and differences for these special neutrosophic functions between the classic case and neutrosophic case. We investigate some properties and prove them. However, we often need the definition of absolute value function, especially in the metric space. Therefore, we introduce its initial definition in this study.
Proposal for a new theory of neutrosophic application of the evidence in the Ecuadorian criminal process
Authors:   Level III main professor-researcher and research coordinator of the Faculty of Jurisprudence of the Autonomous Regional University of the Andes, extension Ibarra-Ecuador, Berti Luis Andrés Crespo
Published: November 2021

In this article, the main objective was to examine the articulation mechanism of the guiding principles of evidentiary law, the backbone of the criminal procedure directed at judges so as not to make inexcusable mistakes. A new theory called reasoned equivalence based on numerical neutrosophics by considering each evidentiary principle along with its opposite or negation and the spectrum of neutralities . The data collection techniques responded to participant observation and the Delphi technique, after having gathered the opinion of 60 collaborating criminal lawyers about the problem through the exercise of the profession. The construction of the instrument fell to an observation guide. The results gave the judicial practice a marked formative value, by establishing relationships between the content of the evidence and the development of oral litigation techniques aimed at the promotion and evacuation of evidence to contribute to a certain criminal process, the evidence necessary to that the judge can come to the knowledge and conviction of the procedural truth of the facts.
Classical Homomorphisms Between Refined Neutrosophic Rings and Neutrosophic Rings
Authors:   Faculty of Science, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria, Abobala Mohammad
Published: November 2021

The aim of this paper is to study homomorphisms between refined neutrosophic rings and neutrosophic rings. We prove that every neutrosophic ring R(I) is a homomorphic image of the refined neutrosophic ring R(I_1,I_2). Furthermore, we prove the following interesting result:
AH-Subspaces in Neutrosophic Vector Spaces
Authors:   Faculty of Science, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria, Abobala Mohammad
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we introduce the concept of AH-subspace of a neutrosophic vector space and AHS-linear transformations. We study elementary properties of these concepts such as Kernel, AH-Quotient, and dimension.
On Refined Neutrosophic R-module
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Gaziantep University, Turkey, Olgun Necati ,   Department of Mathematics, Gaziantep University, Turkey, Hatip Ahmed
Published: November 2021

Modules are one of the fundamental and rich algebraic structure concerning some binary operations in the study of algebra. In this paper, some basic structures of refined neutrosophic R-modules and refined neutrosophic submodules in algebra are generalized. Some properties of refined neutrosophic R-modules and refined neutrosophic submodules are presented. More precisely, classical modules and refined neutrosophic rings are utilized. Consequently, refinedneutrosophic R- modules that are completely different from the classical modular in the structural properties are introduced. Also, neutrosophic R-module homomorphism is explained and some definitions and theorems are presented.
On Refined Neutrosophic Vector Spaces I
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria, Ibrahim M.A. ,   Department of Mathematics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria,   Department of Physics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria,   Department of Mathematics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria, Agboola A.A.A. , Badmus B.S. , Akinleye S.A.
Published: November 2021

The objective of this paper is to present the concept of a refined neutrosophic vector space. Weak(strong) refined neutrosophic vector spaces and subspaces, and, strong refined neutrosophic quotient vector spaces are studied. Several interesting results and examples are presented. It is shown that every weak (strong) refined neutrosophic vector space is a vector space and it is equally shown that every strong refined neutrosophic vector space is a weak refined neutrosophic vector space.
AH-Substructures in Neutrosophic Modules
Authors:   Faculty of Science, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria, .. Mohammad ,   Faculty of Science, Alfurat University, Deir Elzor, Syria, Alhamido Riad K.
Published: November 2021

This article introduces the concept of AH-submodule, AHS-submodule of a neutrosophic module, and AHS-homomorphism. This work presents some basic notions and properties of these concepts such as AH-Kernel, AH-Quotient, and dimension, and determines the algebraic structure of weak neutrosophic module over a commutative ring R.
Concepts of Neutrosophic Complex Numbers
Authors:   Deanship of the Preparatory Year, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, KSA, Alhasan Yaser Ahmad
Published: November 2021

In this paper, concept of neutrosophic complex numbers and its properties were presented inculding the conjugate of neutrosophic complex number, division of neutrosophic complex numbers, the inverted neutrosophic complex number and the absolute value of a neutrosophic complex number. Theories related to the conjugate of neutrosophic complex numbers are proved, the product of a neutrosophic complex number by its conjugate equals the absolute value of number is also proved. This is an important introduction to define neutrosophic complex numbers in polar.
On Refined Neutrosophic Hypervector Spaces
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria, Ibrahim M.A. ,   Department of Mathematics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria,   Department of Physics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria,   Department of Mathematics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria, Agboola A.A.A. , Badmus B.S. , Akinleye S.A.
Published: November 2021

This paper presents the refinement of neutrosophic hypervector spaces and studies some of its basic properties. Some basic definitions and important results are presented. The paper also establishes the existence of a good linear transformation between a weak refined neutrosophic hypervector space V (I1; I2) and a weak neutrosophic hypervector space V (I).
Pre Separation Axioms In Neutrosophic Crisp Topological Spaces
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, College of Science, AlFurat University, Deir-ez-Zor, Syria, Al-Hamido Riad K. Al ,   Department of Mathematics, College of Science, AlBaath University, Homs, Syria,   Department of Mathematics, College of Science, AlBaath University, Homs, Syria, Salha Luai , Gharibah Taleb
Published: November 2021

In this paper, A new type of separation axioms in the neutrosophic crisp Topological space named neutrosophic crisp pre separation axioms is going to be defined , in which neutrosophic crisp pre open set and neutrosophic crisp point are to be depended on. Also, relations among them and the other type are going to be found.
A Note on Neutrosophic Submodule of an R-module M
Authors:   Rajagiri School of Engineering and Technology, Kerala, India, R Binu
Published: November 2021

The paper focuses on the applications of neutrosophic set theory in the domain of classical algebraic structures, especially R-module. This study discusses some algebraic operations of neutrosophic sets of an R-moduleM, induced by the operations in M and demonstrates certain properties of the neutrosophic submodules of an R-module. The ideas of R module’s non-empty arbitrary family of neutrosophic submodules are characterized, and related outcomes are proved. The last section of this paper also derives a necessary and sufficient condition for a neutrosophic set of an R-module M.
Aggregation Operators of Bipolar Neutrosophic Soft Sets and It’s Applications In Auto Car Selection
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Lahore Garrison University, 54000-Lahore, Pakistan, admin admin ,   Department of Mathematics, Lahore Garrison University, 54000-Lahore, Pakistan,   Department of Mathematics, Lahore Garrison University, 54000-Lahore, Pakist,   Department of Mathematics, Lahore Garrison University, 54000-Lahore, Pakistan,   Department of Mathematics, Lahore Garrison University, 54000-Lahore, Pakistan, Zia Mushal , Saeed Ayisha , Yaqoob Maryam , Habib Samreen
Published: November 2021

In this paper, it is intended to study the concept of bipolar eutrosophic soft set ( . It is aimed to defined bipolar eutrosophic soft set. Definitions and perations have been presented the BNSS. Then we present an aggregation BNSS operator and decision aking algorithm depend on the BNSS. Number-based examples discussed to show (ability to be done) and efficiency of the advanced method.
A Suggested Diagnostic System of Corona Virus based on the Neutrosophic Systems and Deep Learning
Authors:   Department of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Port Said University, Egypt, admin admin ,   Member of the Egyptian inventors Syndicate, and the Arab Invention Development Authority, Egypt,   Member of the Egyptian inventors Syndicate, and the Arab Invention Development Authority, Egypt,   Misr Higher Institute for Commerce and Computers, M.E.T Academy, Mansoura, Egypt, Fazaa Mohamed , Yahya Mohamed , Kazim M.
Published: November 2021

The idea for this paper is based on the use of a computer-connected microscope associated with Deep Learning, using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). CNN is a mathematical type of Deep Learning used to recognize and diagnose images. After that, we photograph blood samples, as well as samples, were taken from the mouth and nose, as well as it is possible to photograph the throat from the inside of a large number of injured and uninfected people as well as suspected of infection and provide a large number of references for this program for each type of those different samples. It is possible to perform this process in few minutes, save time and money, make analyzes for the largest possible number of people, and provide results in an accurate and documented manner, which is through the Neutrosophic time series. The basis and analysis of dealing with all data, whether specific or not, that can be taken by time series values, then we present the linear model for the neutrosophic time series, and we test the significance of its coefficient based on patients distribution. Finally, from the above, we can provide a patient neutrosophic time series according to the linear model through which we can accurately predict the program will give degrees of verification and degrees of the uncertainty of the data.
Decision Support Modeling For Agriculture Land Selection Based On Sine Trigonometric Single Valued Neutrosophic Information
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, PAKISTAN, admin admin ,   Department of Mathematics, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, PAKISTAN, Abdullah Saleem
Published: November 2021

A single valued neutrosophic set (SVNS) is a useful tool to portray uncertainty in multi attribute decisionmaking. In this article, we develop hybrid averaging and hybrid geometric aggregation operator using sine trigonometric function to handle uncertainty in single valued Neutrosophic information, which are, sine trigonometricsingle valued neutrosophic hybrid weighted averaging (ST-SVNHWA) operator and , sine trigonometric-single valued neutrosophic hybrid weighted geometric (ST-SVNHWG) operator. We investigate properties, namely, idempotancy, monotonicity and boundedness for the proposed operators. Moreover, we give an algorithm to solve multi criteria decision-making issues which involve SVN information with ST-SVNHWA and STSVNHWG operators. Finally, an illustrative example of agricultural land selection is provided to verify the effectiveness. Sensitivity and comparative analyses are also implemented to assess the stability and validity of our method.
A Study of AH-Substructures in n-Refined Neutrosophic Vector Spaces
Authors:   Faculty of Science, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria, admin admin
Published: November 2021

The aim of this paper is to define and study for the first time AH-substructures in n-refined neutrosophic vector spaces such as weak/strong AH-subspaces, and weak/strong AH-linear transformations between two n-refined neutrosophic vector spaces. Also, this paper introduces some elementary properties of these concepts.
On Refined Neutrosophic Hypergroup
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria, admin admin ,   Department of Mathematics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria,   Department of Physics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.,   Department of Mathematics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria, Agboola A.A.A. , Badmus B.S. , Akinleye S.A.
Published: November 2021

This paper presents the refinement of neutrosophic hypergroup and studies some of its properties. Several interesting results and examples are presented. The existence of a good homomorphism between a refined neutrosophic hypergroup H(I1; I2) and a neutrosophic hypergroup H(I) is established. Keywords: Neutrosophy, neutrosophic hypegroup, neutrosophic subhypergroup, refined neutrosophic hypergroup, refined neutrosophic subhypergroup.
AH-Substructures in Strong Refined Neutrosophic Modules
Authors:   Faculty of science, Tishreen University, Syria, admin admin ,   Department of Mathematics, Gaziantep University, Turkey, Hatip Ahmad
Published: November 2021

The objective of this paper is to define and study the concepts of strong AH-submodule, and AH-homomorphism in a refined neutrosophic module. Also, this work describes the algebraic structure of all AH-endomorphisms defined over a refined neutrosophic module.
Introduction to AntiGroups
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria, admin admin
Published: November 2021

The notion of AntiGroups is formally presented in this paper. A particular class of AntiGroups of type-AG[4] is studied with several examples and basic properties presented. In AntiGroups of type-AG[4], the existence of an inverse is taking to be totally false for all the elements while the closure law, the existence of identity element, the axioms of associativity and commutativity are taking to be either partially true, partially indeterminate or partially false for some elements. It is shown that some algebraic properties of the classical groups do not hold in the class of AntiGroups of type-AG[4]. Specifically, it is shown that intersection of two AntiSubgroups is not necessarily an AntiSubgroup and the union of two AntiSubgroups may be an AntiSubgroup. Also, it is shown that distinct left(right) cosets of AntiSubgroups of AntiGroups of type-AG[4] do not partition the AntiGroups; and that Lagranges’ theorem and fundamental theorem of homomorphisms of the classical groups do not hold in the class of AntiGroups of type-AG[4].
n-Cyclic Refined Neutrosophic Algebraic Systems of Sub-Indeterminacies, An Application to Rings and Modules
Authors:   Faculty of Science, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria, admin admin
Published: November 2021

Refining the indeterminate I into many levels of indeterminacy is a way to explore many neutrosophic algebraic structures.This paper introduces the concept of n-cyclic refined algebraic system of sub-indeterminacies as a new way to refine a neutrosophic indeterminate I. This idea will be used to introduce the notion of n-cyclic refined neutrosophic ring and to study its AH-substructures. Also, this work presents the concept of n-cyclic refined neutrosophic modules with many related structures.
The Curriculum and Community Enterprise for Restoration Science: Engaging Marginalized Students in STEM Fields through Data Acquisition and Computational Thinking
Authors: Birney Lauren , McNamara Denise
Published: November 2021

In an increasingly data driven world, the need for a qualified STEM workforce is essential. Increasing the diversity of this workforce increases the social and economic possibilities for the individual as well as national economic status and global prominence in innovation and technology. The Curriculum and Community Enterprise for Restoration Science has created a nexus between STEM education and possible college and career pathways in data science through ecological experiences in the classroom and in the field. Focusing on data collection and interpretation, New York City students from underserved communities are exposed to the local marine environment and efforts to restore aquatic species as well as the water quality in New York Harbor. The use of an innovative and motivating curriculum for both students and teachers bolstered confidence in acquired skills and content. By introducing students to these heretofore untapped STEM areas of interest, the BOP CCERS + STEM C Project has created opportunities in college and career options for underrepresented populations and the possibility of growing a more diverse STEM workforce.
ALTERNATIVES FOR PARTICIPATORY LANDSCAPE PLANNING IN MANGROVE AREAS
Authors: Villacrés Felipe Benjamí­n Carrera , Silva Edson Vicente da , Vernaza Lucí­a , Rodriguez Carlota , Feijóo Susan
Published: November 2021

The main objective of this work is to determine the landscape planning alternatives of the populations that have a direct relationship with the mangrove ecosystems (Bunche community). The theoretical foundation is the Geo-ecology of landscapes (GEL). The phases that were fulfilled are: i) characterization of the physical and natural landscape; ii) characterization of the socio-cultural landscape by participatory techniques, and secondary information. The participatory techniques were: Workshops, Social mapping and semi- structured interviews. iii) Integrate the information collected from the landscapes: physical, natural, social and cultural; in order to determine the most appropriate and sustainable management alternatives in the community. Social perception was the main information to raise the conclusive alternatives. The population of Bunche has unfavorable socio-economic figures, highlighting that almost the entire population lives in poverty due to unsatisfied basic needs. The constant threat and destruction of mangroves (mostly blame shrimp) is the main perception of the population; as well as his manifest desire to reverse this situation. The initial characterization resulted in 10 landscapes, where the social and natural component interact. The climate present in the population is mainly rain, with two ecosystems: Forests of the equatorial Chocó and the mangroves of the equatorial Chocó. The sustainable planning of the territory must start from: sustainable tourism and agroecology. It is also possible to implement mangrove recovery processes with the support of the community
CHARACTERIZATION OF SMART CITIES DIMENSIONS IN THE METROPOLITAN REGION OF VALE DO PARAÍBA AND NORTH COAST - BRAZIL
Authors: Moraes Marcela Barbosa de , Oliveira Edson Aparecida de Araujo Querido , Silva José Luis Gomes da , Gallardo Amarilis Lucia Casteli Figueiredo
Published: November 2021

Disorderly population growth in urban areas without proper planning causes economic and social problems. There is evidence that public management does not provide quality care, cannot meet the population's demand, in addition to the challenge of promoting social equality. Recent studies demonstrate the application of smart cities to help public management to minimize these problems. The general objective of this article is to diagnose the dimensions of smart cities through the perception of the inhabitants of the municipalities of São José dos Campos, Taubaté, Pindamonhangaba and Ilhabela located in the Metropolitan Region of Vale do Paraí­ba and North Coast. Therefore, a quantitative descriptive research was used as a methodological approach, obtained through the application of a structured questionnaire with closed questions to the inhabitants. We opted for probabilistic sampling, the survey type research (questionnaire). The data analysis process took place in four phases: characterization of the respondents' profile, data validation, descriptive statistics of the dimensions of smart cities and factor analysis. It can be concluded that to improve the provision of services to the population, in addition to changing the view of the inhabitants of São José dos Campos, Taubaté, Pindamonhangaba and Ilhabela, it is important to create new public policies for government interaction with the population with projects use of technology in services provided to society, such as health, education, transport and security, among others.