bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análisis filogenético de variantes de VIH-1, mediante la subtipificación de las secuencias de la región pol de VIH-1, período 2010-2015
Authors: Oliva-Castillo Ana , Lau-Bonilla Dalia
Published: April 2022

El genoma del VIH contiene nueve genes, tres de estos genes (gag, pol y env) codiﬁcan proteínas estructurales. Existen dos variantes principales de este virus, VIH-1 y VIH-2. El primero es el causante de la mayoría de las infecciones a nivel mundial, actualmente se han identiﬁcado nueve subtipos de VIH-1 y 58 formas recombinantes circulantes (FRC). En Centroamérica, el subtipo B del VIH-1 es el causante de la mayoría de los casos de VIH positivo; en Guatemala se ha reportado la presencia de subtipo B, de formas recombinantes BF1 y del subtipo C; sin embargo, actualmente no existen análisis ﬁlogenéticos que indiquen las variantes de este subtipo. Debido a lo anterior, el objetivo del estudio fue llevar a cabo la subtipiﬁcación de 400 secuencias de la región pol del VIH-1 obtenidas de 400 pacientes VIH-1 positivos, en una clínica de atención integral de Guatemala del 2010 al 2015. Para determinar los distintos subtipos de VIH-1 presentes en Guatemala se realizó la subtipiﬁcación de las secuencias obtenidas por la prueba de genotipo en formato FASTA, con la herramienta REGA HIV-1 Subtyping Tool Version 3.0. Con el ﬁn de determinar la relación entre las variantes de VIH-1, se realizó un alineamiento de secuencias y árboles ﬁlogenéticos utilizando el método Neighbor Joining y Máxima Verosimilitud con 100 réplicas bootstrap, con el programa MEGA 7.0.21. Se determinó que el subtipo con mayor frecuencia de lassecuencias analizadas es el subtipo B con un (71.5 %), seguido de la forma recombinante BD (16.75 %) y el subtipo B-like (7.75 %).
Editorial Vol. 29 No. 2
Authors: Madariaga Monroy Lissete
Published: April 2022

La actual coyuntura de emergencia sanitaria, ha verificado el valor del impacto de la inversión de tiempo y trabajo en la elaboración y actualización del sitio Web de la Revista Científica, situación que permitió estar debida y oportunamente preparados para la virtualidad y a la altura tecnológica para gestionar digitalmente la edición de este número y llegar a los lectores. Como parte del proceso continuo de coordinación de solicitudes de inclusión de la Revista en otras bases de datos internacionales, es grato informar que la misma, fue admitida en Índex Copernicus. Esta base de datos de información administrada por los usuarios, incluye perfiles científicos de instituciones de ese carácter, publicaciones y proyectos establecidos en 1999 en Polonia y operados por Índex Copernicus International.
No obstante, el confinamiento y distanciamiento social, es de reconocer la colaboración de los autores y profesionales que siempre privilegian la academia al publicar y compartir los contenidos de carácter científico a través de la Revista Científica, específicamente en esta. edición 29 (2) que se entrega a la comunidad académica y público en general.
Colaboradores de la edición 29(2)
Authors: Madariaga Monroy Aura Lissete
Published: April 2022

Colaborades de la edicion 29(2)
Colaboradores para esta edición
Authors: Madariaga Monroy Aura Lissete
Published: April 2022

Colaboradores, edicion 30(1)
Total Synthesis of Natural Products: Case Studies in the Evaluation of New Synthetic Methods, Structural Elucidation and Drug Discovery
Authors: Rýček Lukáš
Published: April 2022

This review summarizes our work in the field of synthesis of natural products and their derivatives. Application of modern synthetic method is discussed in the context of the syntheses of both enantiomers of hydromorphone, (–)-tetrodotoxin (a marine toxin), and selaginpulvilins C and D (natural fluorene derivatives). Further, synthesis of notoincisol A, selagibenzophenones A and B is described to clarify the structural aspects of the compounds. Last but not least, synthesis and pharmaceutical profilation of derivatives of magnolol and honokiol is discussed as well.
Fulltext of this article is available on the website of this Journal.
E-resource Exposure of the Farm Women for Agricultural Information Network Output Development : A Study
Authors:   Visva-Bharati, Sriniketan, Birbhum, West Bengal, India, Das Ganesh
Published: April 2022

E-resource is important agricultural information sources in twenty fi rst century. The use of e-resource in agriculture is increasing day by day. Farm women are the major agricultural human resources of India. But it is observed from diff erent study that they less visited extension institute due to some constraints. So, there is lot of opportunity is present to provide the agricultural information to the farm women through e-resource. But very limited study was done on extent of use of e-resources by the farm women for agricultural information network output development. Keeping this in view the present study was undertaken to fi nd out the e-resource exposure of the farm women for agricultural information network output development in terms of knowledge. Ex post facto research design was followed and both non- probabilistic sampling and probabilistic sampling method were used for selection of the sample. It was found from the study that majority of the farm women were networking with the mobile apps and WhatsApp. This study further revealed that mobile apps and WhatsApp play an important role of agricultural information network output development of the farm women.
Functioning of an Android app “TNAU Paddy Expert System” and its User’s Feedback Sentiment Analysis
Authors:   SKRAU, Bikaner, Rajasthan, Chandrasekaran Karthikeyan
Published: April 2022

TNAU paddy expert system app is a system that links people and institutions to promote mutual learning and utilize agriculture-related technologies, knowledge and information. The present study expounded the functions of an android app “TNAU paddy expert system”, also it was intended to fi nd out the nature of feedbacks provided by the TNAU paddy expert system app users and to foster the application more for eff ective usage through the feedbacks provided by the users. The feedback and ratings were collected from the TNAU Paddy expert system app (both in English and Tamil version) page in the open-source platform viz., Google play store, a total of 63 reviews and 109 users’ ratings were collected from the application interface present in the Google play store to fi nd out the nature of feedback and the level of satisfaction of the users. Sentiment analysis was carried out with the help of ‘MS Excel 365’ and ‘azure machine learning’ softwares. Then the data was also subjected to factor analysis with the help of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 16.0, to fi nd out the major opinions that were expressed by the TNAU Paddy expert system app users. TNAU Paddy expert system app was the application of scientifi c research which imparts the scientifi cally proven paddy technologies and agricultural practices for the betterment of the farming community, that aids farmers to make right decisions at the needed time and through crop doctor component it helps them by protecting their crop and reducing the time and cost.
Impact of Farmer Producer Groups (FPGs) on Upliftment of Tribal Farmers in Andhra Pradesh
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Sociology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India., Srikar Katiki
Published: April 2022

India is a country with a greater number of small and marginal farmers who do not have the volume to benefi t from the economies of scales. Farmer Producer Groups (FPGs) are a possible solution to many of the issues confronting Indian agriculture. The present study in Srikakulam district of Andhra Pradesh was focused on examining the perceived impact of FPGs in multifaceted dimensions for better understanding of changes among the members of tribal FPGs. The study included 145 members selected through multi-stage proportionate random sampling method. Data collection was done through personal interview method with the help of well-structured interview schedule. The fi ndings of the study concluded that the formation of FPGs had a direct impact as increase in income of ₹14924.14 on an average and indirect impact as achievement of psychological, sociological, economic and political empowerment of the tribal farmers. Among the aspects of empowerment under consideration, psychological dimension received the highest mean score of 2.64, while political dimension had the lowest mean score of 2.06. FPGs in addition to pooling inputs of tribal farmers through collective approach, is also performing diversifi ed actions aimed at boosting their income and standard of living
IMPLEMENTATION OF MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ON HALAL CERTIFICATION FOR MEDAN CITY MSMES ACTORS
Authors: Zulianti Divia , Aslami Nuri
Published: April 2022

The Medan City Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) and Cooperative Service in collaboration with the Halal Product Guarantee Agency (BPJPH) supports the existence of a halal certificate guarantee for MSME actors in the city of Medan. Currently, to implement all of business activity, there is a need for halal certification guarantee management so that MSME business actors can better understand how important a halal certificate is to a business. Indonesia's population is a Muslim-majority country and a potential market for various halal products. The percentage of the number of micro, small and medium enterprises is high. For example, micro businesses can be represented at 98,79%, small businesses 1,11%, while medium businesses 0,09%, and large businesses only 0,01%. This data is based on the 2013 Ministry of Cooperatives and Small and Medium Enterprises and from the total of these business units, micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) act as business drivers in Indonesia. However, the guarantee of a halal certificate issued by the Ministry of Religion is considered to be very difficult for Medan City MSME actors to obtain due too many requirements that must be met by the business actors themselves. The guarantee of a halal certificate is expected to be a spirit to awaken and excite the development of the halal industry in the country, especially North Sumatra. Halal Product Assurance certification and supervision services also consistently apply the principles of integrity, transparency, and avoid all kinds of extortion and gratification.
THE INFLUENCE OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ROLE ON THE PERFORMANCE OF EMPLOYEES AT PT BANK SUMUT KRAKATAU MEDAN CITY BRANCH OFFICE
Authors: Dongoran Sapina , Harahap Muhammad Ikhsan
Published: April 2022

Roles can be defined as unique behaviors that represent the characteristics of each individual in a work group or social environment that has a major influence on events. In terms of improving the quality of performance of Krakatau North Sumatra branch office, this will be achieved through continuous improvement of the quality of human resources, who always strive to improve the level and quality of services to meet the needs and expectations of the community. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of management on the quality of employee performance at PT Bank Sumut in Krakatau Medan City Branch Office. The sample used is a saturation sample, taking all members of the population as a sample of 13 employees. The data collection method used is interviews, the role of HR management in employee performance indicators is found through a literature study, the indicators used include work systems and structures, work quality, collaboration creativity. The results of the study indicate that (1) HR management has a significant effect on the quality of the performance of PT Bank Sumut Krakatau Medan City Branch Office; (2) work quality has a significant effect on the quality of employee performance at PT Bank Sumut Krakatau Medan City Branch Office; while (3) obstacles or constraints has simultaneously affected the quality of employee performance at PT Bank Sumut Krakatau Medan City Branch Office.
INFLUENCE OF INTENSIVE GROWING OF HEIFERS ON THEIR GROWTH AND PRODUCTIVITY
Authors:   Don State Agrarian University, Kolosov Yu.A. , Degtyar A.S. ,   Don State Agrarian University, Panfilova G.I. ,   Don State Agrarian University
Published: April 2022

As a result of research aimed at improving the red steppe cattle, using the gene pool of Ayrshire and Holstein Red-and-White cattle, it was found that the resulting crossbreeds were distinguished by higher milk productivity. When studying the livestock, groups of animals with higher productivity rates were identified and formed in comparison with the average for the herd. Crossbred heifers of the first generation were intensively grown and inseminated at the age of 13-15 months when they reached a live weight of 360-380 kg. The effect of heterosis contributed to obtaining such a live weight. The average daily gain in live weight varied from 861 to 900 grams, both for individual age periods and for the entire growing period, the tendency for the superiority of crossbred heifers remained. In terms of milk productivity, crossbred Holstein Red-and-White heifers surpass their peers of purebred red steppe heifers in terms of milk yield by 586,8 kg or 11,3% (P>0,99), in terms of fat content they exceeded by 0,22% (P>0,99) and protein – 0,05% (P>0,99). Crossbred Ayrshire heifers of group II yielded in terms of milk yield to peers of group III by 76 kg, but in terms of fat content they were superior by 0,06, protein 0,15%. The amount of milk fat in the milk of cows II and III was at the same level of 214,8-214,9 kg and exceeded the purebred peers of group I by 34,2-34,3 kg (P>0,99), and the amount of milk protein – 16,2-21,6 kg (P>0,95).
Book Review: The Turkish Malaise – A Critical Essay
Authors:   European Center for Populism Studies (ECPS), Girdap Hafza
Published: April 2022

Author Cengiz Aktar argues that Turkey is witnessed a victory of a non-democratic system—and the majority of society supports this transition. The regime consolidates its discriminatory, oppressive, autocratic politics by gaining the support of non-AKP constituents through the discourse of “native and national.” Thus, the situation in Turkey is not a simple deviation from the norm; it is a more complex socio-political conundrum. In other words, the regime represented by Recep Tayyip Erdogan, is not the reason for but the result of society’s mindset which is a reasonable part of the “Turkish malaise.”
FİNANSAL HİLELERİN TESPİT EDİLMESİNDE KULLANILAN VERİ MADENCİLİĞİ YÖNTEMLERİ VE BORSA İSTANBUL’DA BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: KILIÇ İsa , ÖNAL Servet
Published: April 2022

Bağımsız denetimden geçmiş, makul bir düzeyde güvence almış işletmeler ile ilgili yaşanan finansal skandallar, bu işletmelerin yayınlamış olduğu finansal raporların doğruluğunun ve güvenilirliğinin tartışılmasında etkili olmuştur. Finansal raporların tartışılması da bilgi kullanıcılarının alacağı kararlarda tereddüt yaşamalarına sebep olmuştur. Bu araştırmanın temel amacı da bilgi kullanıcılarının tereddütlerini gidermek ve finansal tablolarda oluşması muhtemel finansal hile riskini belirli bir güvence düzeyinde tahmin edebilmek amacıyla bir model geliştirmektir. Belirlenen amaç doğrultusunda araştırmada 2012-2019 yılları arasında Borsa İstanbul’da faaliyet gösteren 144 işletmenin bağımsız denetim raporları ile finansal tablolarından elde edilen veriler kullanılmıştır. 48’i Yakın İzleme Pazar’ı, 96’sı da Yıldız Pazar ve Ana Pazar gruplarında bulunan işletmelerin finansal tablolarından elde edilen ve alan yazında da finansal hilelerinin tespitinde kabul gören oranlar, veri madenciliği uygulamalarından olan yapay sinir ağları yöntemi kullanılarak analiz edilmek suretiyle bir yapay sinir ağı modeli geliştirilmiştir. Geliştirilen model, finansal tablolardaki hile riskini %88,89 oranında doğru tahmin ederek başarılı bir sonuç ortaya çıkarmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları, geliştirilen modelin, işletmelerin finansal hile riski taşıyıp taşımadığına ilişkin olarak finansal bilgi kullanıcılarının kararlarında fayda sağlayacağı yönünde değerlendirilmiştir. Modelin parametrelerinin kullanımının, bilgi kullanıcılarının yatırım yapacağı işletmeler hakkında finansal hile riski taşıyıp taşımadığı ile ilgili güçlü bir güvence vereceği ve bilgi kullanıcılarına faydalı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
La deserción en el nivel medio de la educación en la República Argentina. Cálculo de tasas de abandono e identificación de algunos factores que se le asocian
Authors: Giuliodori Roberto F. , Giuliodori María Andrea , González Mariana
Published: April 2022

In this paper the Argentina's secondary school drop out is studied throughtwo aspects: the estimation of the drop out rates by regions, sex and years,and the identification, by applying a mathematic model, of some factorsthat are significant to explain the likelihood of an student leaves schoolbefore finishing his studies. The data used to perform the estimations weretaken outside the educational system, since they were provided by theHousehold Survey (and its Education Module) collected in 1998 by theNational Statistic Office. Consistency between results that were obtainedby using estimations based on Household Survey information and theindicators produced by the educational system, was acceptable, and, inaddition, the former had the advantage of allowing to add other socioeconomicvariables useful for the analysis. Results revealed that the dropout rate decreased up to the middle of the 60' decade, and then began anincreasing trend that became heavy from the beginning of the 80' decade.They also have showed that rates differ significantly as differences betweensex, and country regions were introduced. The applied logistic modelallowed to select some risk variables that account for the probability ofdrop out. They were: vocation for studying, need to work, the student ageat the moment of accessing to the secondary school, to repeat in primarylevel, type of secondary school, and sex.
Cambios en la diferenciación de los ingresos de la población del Gran Córdoba entre 1992 y 2000 según el género y su nivel de escolaridad
Authors: Gertel Héctor R. , Giuliodori Roberto F. , Rodríguez Alejandro
Published: April 2022

The objective of this research is to study the contribution of differentiation by years of education and gender in determining inequality in personal income distribution. The perspective adopted is based, on the one hand, on the calculation of the economic distance, or relative degree of affluence, that occurs between groups of individuals categorized by gender and by the average years of schooling attained; and, on the other hand, on the analysis of the recent evolution of this distance computed for the population of Argentina differentiated by these attributes, considering, in particular, the role played by the expansion in access to Higher Education observed during the last few years.
Eficiencia y equidad en el financiamiento universitario argentino
Authors: Vizzio Miguel Angel
Published: April 2022

This article analyses state university funding policies in Argentina, taking into account the aspects of efficiency and equity based on economic theory. After defining the characteristics that frame the Argentine State University as a public good, a comparison of the performance of the countries of the so-called Group of 7 is presented. It also examines the distributive effects resulting in financial matters from the relationship between the State and the universities and the possibilities of achieving the objective of equal opportunities. The relevant conclusions are that the education system generates an automatic adjustment via a reduction in the quality of the service and that its provision as a public good cannot be justified by the objective of seeking equal opportunities, since in this case severe contradictions have been found, including the fact that those who benefit most are middle and upper-middle income households, which capture 86% of the total subsidy, generating a distributive result that is not in line with the desired objective.
THEORETICAL PROBLEMS OF DICTIONARY FORMATION
Authors: Kubdenova G. B.
Published: April 2022

Historical lexicography systematically conducts scientific research of historical lexicological, historical dialectological, historical phonetic, historical grammatical works and sources that allow us to study the historical vocabulary and vocabulary of the Kazakh language from a comprehensive linguistic point of view, determines ways, methods and methods of their use in the formation of historical dictionaries. The theory of historical lexicography serves as a scientific and theoretical basis for the practice of creating etymological, historical-dialectological, and historical dictionaries of the Kazakh language and allows them to be improved. At the same time, in accordance with the scientific level of modern lexicography, there is a need to define the goals and objectives, structural features, and principled foundations of historical lexicography in Kazakh linguistics. Due to the development of the scientific and information space in modern society and the improvement of the lexicography industry, the development of historical lexicography and computer historical lexicography also has an impact on the dynamic development. XV-XX centuries of the Kazakh language. one of the most important tasks of modern Kazakh linguistics is the creation of an electronic body of texts and a historical electronic file fund (journalistic, epistolary, from works of art, oral literature, historical records, etc.), dictionaries of a historical character created for different centuries, a historical dictionary of the modern Kazakh language, a historical and etymological dictionary of the Kazakh language, reflecting the manifestation of Kazakh cultural and spiritual, national values in the language. It is necessary to define the main principles of forming a historical and etymological dictionary and create an electronic Historical Dictionary both in the field of Turkology and Kazakh linguistics. This is one of the guarantees of a deeper understanding of the historical layers of the Kazakh language, that our native language will not be absorbed in the era of globalization.
¿Cómo incorporamos la complejidad en actividades de educación científica y ambiental?
Authors: Watanabe Giselle , Calafell Subirà Genina , Rodríguez Marín Fátima
Published: April 2022

La naturaleza abierta de las temáticas socioambientales requiere de una mirada compleja en el contexto educativo. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar sus dimensiones e identificar aquellos parámetros que guían las acciones educativas de los grupos GRCòmplex, IRES y GrECC. Para el análisis de datos, se considerará el análisis de contenido. A partir de los resultados, se identifican aspectos de la complejidad compartida por los grupos, así como sus singularidades. En relación con los compartidos se considera: una formación en la que la persona debe actuar en el mundo y proyectar su futuro considerando las incertidumbres que le trae, así como buscar los estudios de los fenómenos del mundo y la realidad, considerando las controversias, ideas previas y cosmovisiones. Y, en relación con el enfoque epistemológico, incluidos los conceptos científicos escolares, se apuntan los problemas sociales y ambientales.
Sustainable energy and digital currencies: challenges and future prospect
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Arkansas Tech University, 1811 N Boulder Ave, Russellville, AR, 72801, USA, Hosseini Seyed Ehsan , Kamyab Hesam ,   Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: April 2022

Due to the impressive growth in digital coins trading, most cryptocurrencies' market cap has increased drastically. Therefore, more people are engaged in the mining process, causing a significant increase in electrical power consumption. To make cryptocurrency technology sustainable, using renewables such as photovoltaic solar power, wind energy, tidal power, geothermal power, hydroelectric power, fuel cell, and biomass has been implemented. Moreover, to decrease electrical power consumption in the cooling process of mining systems and computers, using phase change material (PCM) has been recommended. Since the cryptocurrency mining process is very competitive, only those miners will survive who employ the most competitive mining systems and benefit from the lowest electrical power costs. While the profitability of renewable electricity-based mining is lower than grid-based mining, the latter method compensates for better sustainability in cryptocurrency and lower environmental costs. This paper reviews the possible ways to make the cryptocurrency mining process clean and environmentally friendly.
Is a Global Ethics Possible?
Authors: Khan Najma
Published: April 2022

Globalization has led to greater interdependence among states. Resultantly new challenges have emerged that affect other parts of the world in the same way as they do where they originally happen to originate. Thus there are issues global in nature that require global solutions with ethics to be dealt with properly and effectively. Global Ethics is a field of theoretical enquiry that addresses ethical questions and problems arising out of the global interconnection and interdependence of the world's population. One of the questions in global ethics debate is what ethical issues or claims count to be global and what must be excluded. Despite many tall claims and rising hopes, there are serious challenges to the establishment and application of agreeable and enforceable ethics globally. A good deal of what may be termed as global ethics to regulate international relations and transnational affairs and matters addressing issues of global importance exists in different sources. With national barriers receding and the world getting closer besides men making strides in the technological world, global citizens are faced with new challenges as well as opportunities asking for new consensus on global ethics.
Rise of China: War on Hegemony; How China is an Influential Actor in the Hegemonic Race with the United States
Authors: Sadiq Burhan
Published: April 2022

More than competitors, the United States and China are potential rivals. Why are the two greatest economies fighting a trade war when free markets and free trade have mainly shown to be beneficial? It might be the worry of losing influence in the global market and world politics from the standpoint of the United States. Using hegemonic stability theory as an analytical framework, this paper uses a Neo-Realistic method to study China's rise and China as a challenge to US hegemony. Without a doubt, the emergence of China as a major power is one of the most confusing occurrences in the international arena since the end of the Cold War. Similarly, it jeopardises the United States' strategic position. China's economic and technical might have cast doubt on US hegemony, and the Covid 19 pandemic has provided China with numerous opportunity to win the race. The global implications of China's surveillance technology is discussed in this study. More than competitors, the United States and China are potential rivals. Why are the two greatest economies fighting a trade war when free markets and free trade have mainly shown to be beneficial? It might be the worry of losing influence in the global market and world politics from the standpoint of the United States. Using hegemonic stability theory as an analytical framework, this paper uses a Neo-Realistic method to study China's rise and China as a challenge to US hegemony. Without a doubt, the emergence of China as a major power is one of the most confusing occurrences in the international arena since the end of the Cold War. Similarly, it jeopardises the United States' strategic position. China's economic and technical might have cast doubt on US hegemony, and the Covid 19 pandemic has provided China with numerous opportunity to win the race. The global implications of China's surveillance technology is discussed in this study.
University teachers' lived experiences involved in dual-career relationships with kids: A Phenomenological study
Authors: Syed Enaab , Zulfiqar Zareena
Published: April 2022

The goal of this study is to look into the lives of six university lecturers from Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan who were in dual-career partnerships with their 16-year-old children. Data was gathered through in-depth interviews. In light of the study questions, analysis was carried out on the acquired data. Three themes emerged: there is a disconnect between actual and perceived values; a high amount of work responsibilities causes stress; and coping methods are used to deal with daily challenges. The notion of the immediacy of job task completion in contrast keeps the gap apart. Due to their strong commitment to their job and family, teachers in multiple career relationships are unable to distinguish between their actual and perceived values. Numerous strenuous tasks led to increased stress and a discrepancy between the two halves. HODs, teachers, and future research opportunities are all given recommendations. Teachers in the elementary, secondary, higher secondary, and college levels are also advised to develop perspective and coping mechanisms in order to manage stressors and close the gap between their stated and actual values.
Teacher's Job Satisfaction at Tertiary Level in district Swabi
Authors: Noor Nargis
Published: April 2022

The current study focused on tertiary level teacher job satisfaction. The study's goal was to find out how instructors felt about their jobs in terms of pay and working conditions. The available population consisted of all of the teachers from the five colleges within the University of Swabi's jurisdiction. A convenient sample of 36 female lecturers from five public sector institutions was chosen from the entire population. With the help of my supervisor, I created a closed end questionnaire with 15 items on a likert scale (very satisfied, satisfied, neutral, dissatisfied, and severely unhappy). According to the study's findings, half of the respondents were satisfied with the salary they received from their institution. The vast majority of respondents felt that their salaries met their fundamental needs. Half of the respondents were unsatisfied with their pay since it was insufficient to cover their children's educational costs. Half of the respondents were unsatisfied with their pay, believing that it was insufficient to afford health care for their family. Based on the findings, it was suggested that the instructor devote all of their efforts to enhance the teaching-learning process.
Effectiveness of Management Information System in Privately Managed Schools in Rawalpindi
Authors: Khan Najma
Published: April 2022

This study was designed to find out the effectiveness of Management Information System in Privately Managed Secondary Schools in Rawalpindi, to understand the concept of MIS, to identify the ways by which the managers are using MIS in their organizations and to identify the bottlenecks of MIS, if any, and suggest the measures to overcome these problems. The population of the study were the principals of all the privately managed secondary schools in Rawalpindi. The study was delimited to private school systems. 50 Heads were randomly selected as sample of study. The design of the research is descriptive. The data was collected through questionnaire and checklist. A closed ended questionnaire was constructed for principals using MIS. The researcher delivered and collected questionnaires directly from study participants.. The data collected through questionnaires and check lists were tabulated and analyzed in terms of frequency and percentage. The findings of the study concluded that MIS reduces the workload of management, helps in `solving enough problems of school, reduces the errors in general , improves the quality of education, and makes data retrieval and data storage very easy. However majority of principals face hurdles to maintain the system in their institutions. From the study�s findings and conclusions it was recommended that every educational institution should be equipped with MIS, parents and students should have online connectivity to the system and principals should have updated knowledge of MIS to meet the emerging challenges and problems.
Artificial Intelligence and its Role in Advancement of Health Informatics
Authors: Syed Enaab , Zulfiqar Zareena
Published: April 2022

Artificial intelligence overall is an emerging phenomenon. With every evolving age of technology, its use and requirement will change accordingly. Artificial Intelligence, as the name indicates, is two different entities that, in literal meaning, describe the artificially added intelligence. How can we determine if AI systems are biased as a consequence of test datasets or hidden algorithms? Artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine became popular in the 1970s. Norwig and Russell write focusing on the rational agent that acts to get the best outcome. (Russel and Norwig 4) Intelligent robots are simple robots that have been programmed with artificial intelligence software, and this software will someday do surgery without the use of humans.
The Role of Trade in Faster Job Creation and Economic Growth in India
Authors: Mitra Devashish
Published: April 2022

Issue: Jan-Feb 2021

India currently faces the twin problems of slow job creation and slow economic growth. Even when economic growth has been rapid, India has made slow progress in the creation of quality jobs. To address these issues, I first draw inferences from India’s post-independence economic history. The main lesson is that trade reforms have been followed by high rates of growth, while restrictive trade policies have led to slow growth. For the creation of quality jobs, I emphasize the importance of the exports of labour-intensive manufactures.  To dig deeper, the evidence on structural change and its determinants is presented, followed by some relevant theory.  Policy recommendations presented include tariff reductions, labour law reforms, setting up Autonomous Economic Zones (AEZs) and signing preferential trade agreements.
Decline in Poverty in India: Real or an Artifact of a Low Poverty Line?
Authors: Panagariya Arvind , More Vishal
Published: April 2022

Issue: Mar-Apr 2021

After the erstwhile Planning Commission released the poverty estimates for India for the year 2011-12 in July 2013, a debate ensued on whether the impressive poverty reduction was not due to an excessively low poverty line set by the commission. Utilizing unit-level data from NSS consumer expenditure surveys of years 1993-94, 2004-05 and 2011-12, this research presents empirical evidence that puts to rest any doubts that India’s poverty reduction is an artifact of a low poverty line. We show that even when the poverty line is set at expenditure levels higher than the Tendulkar poverty line by 25, 50, 75 and 100 percent, the broad trends in poverty reduction captured by the Tendulkar poverty line continue to be valid. Our estimates also show that the absolute number of individuals lifted out of poverty between 1993-94 and 2011-12 was in fact slightly larger when the poverty line is 25 percent above the Tendulkar line. Even though it is difficult to match this remarkable decline at progressively higher poverty lines, we show that the gains remain large even as we push the poverty line to a level twice the Tendulkar line and is reflective of a very broad-based growth during this period.
Mandatory Mediation in India - Resolving to Resolve
Authors: Kinhal Deepika , _ Apoorva
Published: April 2022

Issue: Mar-Apr 2021

This paper explores the concept of mandatory mediation as a solution for reducing pendency in the traditional court system. After discussing the concept of mediation and the existing regulatory framework governing it in India, this paper identifies the problems afflicting mediation in India. It proceeds to examine how many of these problems can be overcome by making mediation mandatory. It discusses the benefits of mandatory mediation and attempts to address some concerns surrounding it. To zero-in on the most appropriate model for introducing mandatory mediation India, this paper looks at how mandatory mediation has fared in other jurisdictions like the European Union, Australia, the United States and Italy. This paper finally recommends that India should introduce a modified version of the Italian opt-out model of mandatory mediation in the country in a phased manner.
Efektivitas Petunjuk Praktikum Berbasis Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Jigsaw Dengan Pendekatan Probing Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis
Authors: Rahmadani St.
Published: April 2022

Proses pembelajaran pada mata kuliah teknik laboratorium dilengkapi dengan kegiatan praktikum. Peneliti membuat inovasi dengan melakukan pengembangan petunjuk praktikum serta menguji efektifitasnya terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis mahasiswa. Metode: Uji coba dilakukan pada satu kelas dengan rancangan percobaan the one group pre-test post-test design. Data kemampuan berpikir kritis yang diuji terdiri atas 5 (lima) indikator: (1) mengenal masalah; (2) mengenal adanya hubungan logis antar masalah-masalah; (3) mengumpulkan dan menyusun informasi yang diperlukan; (4) menilai fakta dan mengevaluasi pernyataan; (5) menarik kesimpulan dan kesamaan-kesamaan yang diperlukan. Hasil: Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan rumus uji beda satu sampel T-paired test dengan bantuan SPSS 23 for windows. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan untuk indicator kemampuan berpikir kritis ke 1, 2, 4, dan 5, sedangkan indikator ke-3 tidak berbeda antara nilai pre-test dan post-test mahasiswa. Kesimpulan: Efektivitas penggunaan produk dilihat berdasarkan nilai N-gain. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa nilai N-gain pada kelas ujicoba sebesar 0,70 dengan kategori “tinggi”. Sehingga penggunaan petunjuk praktikum yang dikembangkan efektif terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis mahasiswa.
Manajemen Pembelajaran Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Berbasis Blanded Learning Di MAN Demak
Authors: Rosidi Ayeb
Published: April 2022

Penyebaran virus corona virus disease (covid)-19 yang terjadi di Indonesia pada khususnya telah merubah semua tatanan kehidupan masyarakat, tidak terkecuali dunia pendidikan. Hal ini berakibat pada kebijakan pendidikan yang dikeluarkan oleh pemerintah. Pada masa pandemi Covid-19 atau yang sering disebut dengan “new normal”, memaksa pendidikan harus meninggalkan konsep pembelajaran lama yang masih mengandalkan 100% tatap muka antara guru dan siswa berpindah ke pembelajaran yang berbasis teknologi informasi dan komunikasi (TIK). Pembelajaran dengan blended learning-pun menjadi salah satu alternatif yang dapat digunakan agar siswa tetap bisa mendapatkan haknya dalam pendidikan.  Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan secara rinci bagaimana manajemen pembelajaran pada masa pandemi covid-19 berbasis blended learning di MAN Demak. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada tahap perencanaan, madrasah merumuskan kurikulum khusus yang disesuaikan dengan model pembelajaran  blended learning di masa Pandemi Covid-19, penyusunan RPP oleh masing-masing guru dan didukung oleh sarana dan prasana belajar yang memadai. Pada tahap pelaksanaan, MAN Demak menerapkan sistem shift, siswa yang nomor presensi ganjil masuk dan belajar secara luring di tanggal  ganjil sementara siswa yang nomor presensi genap mengikuti pembelajaran daring. Sebaliknya siswa dengan nomor presensi genap masuk dan belajar luring di tanggal genap, dan siswa ganjil mengikuti pembelajaran daring. Pada tahap evaluasi, Madrasah melaksanakan evaluasi secara tatap muka/luring dan online/daring melalui e-learning dan google form.
Validitas Buku Saku Malvaceae Di Kawasan Mangrove Desa Sungai Bakau Berbasis 3d Pageflip
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad , Dharmono Dharmono , Maulana Khalid Riefani
Published: April 2022

Malvaceae atau kapas merupakan tumbuhan pohon atau perdu yang sering ditemui di berbagai kawasan yang ada Indonesia. Pengembangan buku saku dengan potensi lokal dianggap mampu menjadi penunjang sumber belajar yang berbasis potensi lokal. Perkembangan 3D Pageflip banyak dipakai sektor pendidikan dan menghasilkan sumber pembelajaran menarik minat dan motivasi bagi pengguna. Tujuan penelitian yaitu Mendeskripsikan validitas buku saku Famili Malvaceae di Kawasan Desa Sungai Bakau Kab. Tanah Laut; Penelitian dilakukan di program studi Pendidikan Biologi FKIP ULM Banjarmasin. Metode Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pengambilan data secara sistematis menggunakan teknik sampling dan dilanjutkan dengan pengembangan bahan ajar melalui evaluasi formatif uji Tessmer. Validasi dilakukan oleh 2 orang ahli yang merupakan dosen pengampu mata kuliah Botani Tumbuhan Tinggi di Pendidikan Biologi FKIP ULM Banjarmasin. Penelitian ini hanya dilakukan sampai tahap uji pakar (expert review). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa validitas Buku Saku Famili Malvaceae berbasis 3D Pageflip yang dikembangkan diperoleh total skor rata-rata 89,47% (sangat valid).
Validitas Dan Keterbacaan Booklet Capung Untuk Mahasiswa Pada Mata Kuliah Zoologi Invertebrata
Authors: Akbar Zaini , Halang Bunda , Utami Nurul Hidayati
Published: April 2022

Capung merupakan salah satu jenis insekta yang merupakan bioindikator dalam lingkungan. Insekta dapat ditemukan di sawah, sehingga sawah merupakan salah satu habitat ditemukannya capung sehingga keberadan capung di sawah dapat meningkatkan sumber belajar yang menarik untuk mahasiswa untuk meningkatkan pemahaman keanekaragaman ordo odonatan pada mata kuliah zoologi invertebrata. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu (1) Menganalisis Keanekaragaman capung jenis ordo odonata yang ditemukan di kawasan persawahan desa Beringin Kencana Kecamatan Tabunganen. (2) Mendeskripsikan validitas booklet yang di susun dari data keanekaragaman capung di kawasan persawahan Beringin Kencana Kecamatan Tabunganen Sebagai bahan ajar mata kuliah zoologi invertebrata. (3) Mendeskripsikan uji keterbacaan booklet yang di susun dari data keanekaragaman capung di kawasan persawahan Beringin Kencana Kecamatan Tabunganen Sebagai pengayaan zoologi invertebrata. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan model R&D yang dikembangkan oleh Borg and Gall dengan tahapan penelitian pengembangan menggunakan langkah-langkah yaitu research and Information collecting,  planning, develop preliminary form of product,  preliminary field testing,  main product revision. Berdasrkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa (1)  terdapat 7 spesies capung yaitu Orthetrum sabina, Neurothemis fluctuans, Brachytemis contaminata, Agriocnemis pygmaea, Ceriagrion cerinorubellum, Tholymis tillarga, dan Ischnura senegalensis. (2) Berdasarkan uji validitas Booklet yang dikembangkan dinyatakan sangat valid oleh tiga dosen ahli dengan skornvaliditas pada aspek isi yaitu 88,89%, pada aspek bahasa yaitu 88,89%, dan pada aspek penyajian yaitu 94,44%. (3) Ujinketerbacaann oleh 6 mahasiswa mendapatkan hasil nilai 86,76% sehiingga Booklet  mendapatkann kriteriia sangatnbaik.
Peningkatan Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Dengan Menggunakan Tindak Tutur Direktif Dalam Pembelajaran Daring
Authors: Zulfika Ika
Published: April 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menggunakan tindak tutur terarah untuk mengetahui peningkatan aktivitas dan hasil belajar bahasa Indonesia secara online. Model survei yang digunakan adalah survei perilaku kelas (PTK) yang meliputi tahapan perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, dan musyawarah. Data hasil survei ini berdasarkan proses dan hasil belajar online siswa kelas XI Bahasa Indonesia SMAN 12 Makassar. Akibatnya, dari Siklus I ke Siklus II, jumlah siswa yang mendengarkan, bertanya, dan menjawab pertanyaan tentang aktivitas dan hasil belajarnya yaitu penjelasan guru meningkat, dan hasil belajarnya meningkat. Dengan kata lain, Anda dapat melihat bahwa jumlah kematian meningkat. Rata-rata untuk siklus I adalah 65,57 dan rata-rata untuk siklus II adalah 87,81. Oleh karena itu, penggunaan tindak tutur yang dipandu guru terbukti meningkatkan frekuensi aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa dengan memenuhi kriteria KKM 75.
Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Afektif Kemampuan Bernalar Kritis Peserta Didik Sekolah Menengah Atas
Authors: Arum Rumtini , Kasimin Kasimin , Ari Setiawan
Published: April 2022

Bernalar kritis merupakan kemampuan belajar yang harus diajarkan pada peserta didik karena kemampuan ini sangat diperlukan dalam kehidupan. Bernalar kritis sebagai suatu proses kompleks yang melibatkan penerimaan dan penguasaan data, analisis data, dan evaluasi data. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui 1) inovasi indikator instrumen penilaian; 2) mengkaji proses pengembangan instrumen penilaian; 3) pembakuan instrumen penilaian dari uji validitas dan reliabilitas; 4) efektifitas penggunaan instrumen penilaian. Jenis penelitian ini penelitian dan pengembangan. Subjek siswa kelas XI di SMAN 5 Yogyakarta. Prosedur pengembangan instrumen yakni: model hipotetis; validasi ahli; revisi; uji keterbacaan; instrumen final; dan efektifitas implementasi instrumen final. Analisis meliputi: validitas ahli uji Aikens; uji reliabilitas Cronbach Alpha; validitas isi; validitas konkuren; dan validitas konstruk analisis faktor dengan teknik Principal Component Analysis. Hasil penelitian, 1) Indikator instrumen yaitu mencari informasi, menilai informasi, kesimpulan, dan keputusan; 2) Guru mengevaluasi peserta didik bersifat subyektifitas; 3) pembakuan instrumen pengukuran terdiri atas 4 indikator sebanyak 20 butir. Instrumen telah melalui tahapan pembakuan, persyaratan validitas dan reliabilitas, uji validitas konstruk, diperoleh 4 faktor yang terbentuk; 4) Rata-rata bernalar kritis siswa SMAN 5 Yogyakarta 62,82 dan mayoritas 167 siswa (74,2%) termasuk kategori sangat tinggi.
Integração entre teoria dos stakeholders e visão baseada em recursos: trajetória percorrida pela literatura de administração
Authors: Siqueira Fernanda Rodrigues de , Müller Carlos André Da Silva
Published: April 2022

Objective of the study: This paper analyzes how the literature has addressed the integration between Stakeholder Theory and the Resource Based View studies.Methodology / approach: A integrative review was carried out in the Scopus and ISI Web of Science databases. The articles were evaluated for their methodological quality and synthesis effort through the two theories combination.Originality / relevance: The paper showed that there is a stakeholders internalization level of the organizational resources literature, that comes from the most external to the most internal level.Main results: The analysis showed that there are three groups that assign different roles to stakeholders: (a) advisors for the development of resources / capacity; (b) precursors for obtaining new resources / capabilities; and (c) as a strategic resource for the organization.Theoretical / methodological contributions: Advances in new conceptions about the role of stakeholders in organizations, from exogenous vision - putting pressure on the organization - to endogenous ones, which consider their demands as a resource/capacity. Regardless of how they are viewed, their relationship in organizational processes has contributed substantially to the field of strategic management.Social / management contributions: Provides new insights for managers interested in observing stakeholders as a source of competitive advantage, being able to subsidize their portfolios of relationship optimization with stakeholders, according to each groups identified.