bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Validity of body image scales for Brazilian older adults
Authors: Ferreira Lucilene , Neves Angela Nogueira , Tavares Maria da Consolação Gomes Cunha Fernandes
Published: December 2014

The aim of this study was to translate the Body Appreciation Scale (BAS) and Aging Perceptions Questionnaire (APQ) for older adults into Brazilian Portuguese, and evaluate the psychometric properties of these instruments. A sample of 606 participants aged 60 to 98 years were recruited from hospitals, rest homes, physical activity centers, leisure centers, churches/religious institutions and from the general community. All participants were personally invited and voluntarily accepted to participate in the research. A confirmatory factor analysis showed a good fit to the original APQ model and to a new bidimensional model for BAS after excluding some items. We also observed satisfactory evidence of internal consistency, convergent, discriminant, concurrent and divergent validity. Regarding validity, significant variation of scores from the two scales in both, physically active and sedentary participants was herein highlighted. In conclusion, the BAS and APQ appear to be valid and reliable scales for Brazilian researchers to study older adults.
An examination of intentions of recommending fitness centers by user members
Authors: Gonçalves Celina , Biscaia Rui , Correia Abel , Diniz Ana
Published: December 2014

The goal of this study was to examine what experiences members have with fitness centers that influence their intentions for recommendation. After item generation and content validity, as well as a pilot test, a survey was conducted among members of five different clubs (n=1750). The questionnaire included measures of service quality attributes, accessibility, well-being in life, well-being in a club, and intentions to recommend a fitness center. Results using a structural equation model provide evidence that only service quality attributes and well-being in a club have positive effect on intentions of users to recommend it. Well-being in life has a negative effect on the intentions for recommendation, while accessibility shows no predictive effect. These findings suggest implications for the management of a club, such as the need to create a pleasant environment and to provide a personalized service directed towards the members' goals in order to improve well-being in a club and contribute to increase the intentions to recommend the fitness centers to others.
Concurrent fatigue and postactivation potentiation during extended interval training in long-distance runners
Authors: Latorre-Román Pedro Ángel , García-Pinillos Felipe , Martínez-López Emilio José , Soto-Hermoso Victor Manuel
Published: December 2014

The purpose of this study is to analyze acute effect of running extended interval training(EIT) on vertical jump (VJ) and handgrip strength (HS) performance in experienced endurance athletes. In order to analyze mechanical parameters of the VJ and HS between runs, sixteen experienced male athletes performed an EIT (4x3x400m). The results show that fatigue induced by EIT does not impair handgrip strength or VJ performance. A significant improvement (p< .05) was noted for VJ due to the postactivation potentiation (PAP) phenomenon. A positive correlation (r= .619, p= .011) was found between VJ and lactate. The results suggest that experienced long-distance runners can maintain their strength levels and, consequently, work capacity, despite the induced fatigue by the field training demand. Therefore, VJ performance during EIT can be used as an indicator of muscular adaptations to training and, together, with handgrip strength, become indicators of fatigue. These indicators allow proper prescription training routines.
Effects of isokinetic eccentric training on knee extensor and flexor torque and on gait of individuals with long term ACL reconstruction: A controlled clinical trial
Authors: Santos Heleodório Honorato dos , Sousa Catarina de Oliveira , Barela José Angelo , Barela Ana Maria Forti , Salvini Tania de Fatima
Published: December 2014

This study investigated the effects of the isokinetic eccentric training (IET) on the knee extensor and flexor torque and kinematic gait parameters in individuals with ACL reconstruction. Sixteen men with ACL reconstructed (ACLr) whose torque and the gait were evaluated, before and after 12 weeks of IET, was compared to a control group (14 individuals). Student t, MANOVA and ANOVA tests were performed with 5% of significance. The training increased the isometric, concentric at 30 and 120º/s (p < .05) and eccentric at 30º/s (p < .01) extensor torque on the affected limb (AL), and eccentric at 30 and 120º/s (p < .01), on the non-affected limb (NAL). In the flexors, there was an increase on the torque: isometric, concentric at 30º/s and eccentric at 30 and 120º/s (p < .01) in AL and in eccentric at 30 (p < .05) and 120º/s (p< .01) in NAL. With respect to the angular and spatio-temporal variables gait, there was no difference between pre-and post-training in LCAr group. Compared to control group, the cycle time, in two members, was lower in LCAr group, and stride length and cadence were higher in the AL of the LCAr (p < .05). Moreover, the knee flexion-extension angles (minimum and maximum) remained lower in LCAr, pre- and post-training (p < .01). The torque gain associated with eccentric isokinetic training did not affect the kinematic parameters of gait in patients undergoing ACL reconstruction.
Semi-rigid brace and taping decrease variability of the ankle joint position sense
Authors: Barbanera Márcia , Mazuchi Flávia de Andrade e Souza , Batista José Paulo Berretta , Ultremare Janaina de Moura , Iwashita Juliana da Silva , Ervilha Ulysses Fernandes
Published: December 2014

The present study investigated the effect of taping and the semi-rigid ankle brace on ankle joint position sense. Sixteen healthy women (20.8 ± 2.3 years old) actively placed the ankle in a target position. The experimental conditions were: 1) wearing no orthosis device, 2) using semi-rigid brace, and 3) wearing ankle taping. Absolute error (AE) and variable error (VE) were calculated to obtain the joint position sense. We found an interaction effect between condition and target angle at 15o of plantar flexion for the variable VE, which showed smaller errors during the use of taping and semi-rigid brace. In conclusion, the use of ankle joint orthoses, whether taping or semi-rigid brace, decrease the variability of the position sense at 15o of plantar flexion, potentially decreasing ankle sprains occurrence.
Effects of Square-Stepping Exercise on balance and depressive symptoms in older adults
Authors: Pereira Jessica Rodrigues , Gobbi Sebastião , Teixeira Camila Vieira Ligo , Nascimento Carla Manuela Crispim , Corazza Danilla Icassatti , Vital Thays Martins , Hernandez Salma Stéphany Soleman , Stella Florindo , Shigematsu Ryosuke
Published: December 2014

The aim of this study was analyze the effects of Square-Stepping Exercise (SSE) on depressive symptoms, balance and functional mobility in older adults. Participants were distributed into two groups: Trained Group (TG), who performed a 16-week intervention with SSE and Control Group (CG), who performed only evaluations. The Berg Balance Scale and Time Up and Go Test (TUG) constituted the evaluation protocol to verify balance and functional mobility. Geriatric Depression Scale-short form (GDS-15) was applied for measure depressive symptoms. Evaluations were realized pre and post 16-week. Significant improvements were observed in the TG with the maintenance of GDS-15 scores and on the time to perform the TUG test which reflects better functional mobility than the CG. This could lead to conclude that the SSE is an important tool for improve balance, prevent falls and decrease depression symptoms.
Exposure of free-living jaguars to Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Sarcocystis neurona in the Brazilian Pantanal
Authors: Onuma Selma Samiko Miyazaki , Melo Andréia Lima Tomé , Kantek Daniel Luis Zanella , Crawshaw-Junior Peter Gransden , Morato Ronaldo Gonçalves , May-Júnior Joares Adenílson , Pacheco Thábata dos Anjos , Aguiar Daniel Moura de
Published: December 2014

Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Sarcocystis neurona are related apicomplexan parasites that cause reproductive and neurological disorders in a wide range of domestic and wild animals. In the present study, the immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) was used to investigate the presence of antibodies against T. gondii, N. caninum and S. neurona in the sera of 11 free-living jaguars (Panthera onca) in two protected areas in the Pantanal region of Mato Grosso state, Brazil. Ten jaguars (90.9%) showed seropositivity for T. gondii, eight (72.7%) for S. neurona, and seven (63.6%) for N. caninum antigens. Our findings reveal exposure of jaguars to these related coccidian parasites and circulation of these pathogens in this wild ecosystem. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first serological detection of N. caninum and S. neurona in free-living jaguars.
Morphological and molecular identification of ticks infesting Boa constrictor (Squamata, Boidae) in Manaus (Central Brazilian Amazon)
Authors: Fiorini Leonardo Costa , Craveiro Adriana Bentes , Mendes Márcia Cristina , Chiesorin Neto Laerzio , Silveira Ronis Da
Published: December 2014

The Boa constrictor is one of the world's largest vertebrate carnivores and is often found in urban areas in the city of Manaus, Brazil. The morphological identification of ticks collected from 27 snakes indicated the occurrence of Amblyomma dissimile Koch 1844 on all individuals sampled. In contrast, Amblyomma rotundatum Koch was found on only two snakes. An analysis of the 16S rRNA molecular marker confirmed the morphological identification of these ectoparasites.
Re-emergence of Chorioptes bovis (Acari: Psoroptidae) in cattle in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Authors: Vieira Maria Isabel Botelho , Bordin Tiago , Agnol Bruno Dall' , Zanchin Fabiane , Motta Adriana Costa Da , Noro Mirela
Published: December 2014

Here we describe an outbreak of chorioptic mange in cattle, 56 years after its first identification in Brazil. Between the months of June and July 2011, dermatitis characterized by alopecia and crusted and thickened skin at the insertion of the tail and in the ischiorectal fossa was recognized in 40 (35.7%) out of 112 Holstein cows on a farm in the northeastern mesoregion of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. After diagnosing mange caused by Chorioptes bovis, the cows were weighed and treated with 0.5% ivermectin, as a pour-on single dose, and were separated into two groups: cows in early lactation and those in late lactation. The survival rate of C. bovis and the healing rate in the two groups of infested cows were monitored every seven days through skin scrapings. After 28 days of evaluation, the cure rate through treatment was greater among cows in early lactation (p <0.0001). The survival rate of C. bovis was higher in cows in late lactation.
Complementary data on four methods for sampling free-living ticks in the Brazilian Pantanal
Authors: Ramos Vanessa do Nascimento , Osava Carolina Fonseca , Piovezan Ubiratan , Szabó Matias Pablo Juan
Published: December 2014

In this study, four methods for sampling free-living ticks that are used in ecological and human tick-bite risk studies were evaluated. Cloth dragging, carbon dioxide traps and visual searches and inspection of plant litter on the ground were used in field and forest areas within the Brazilian Pantanal. Among the three tick species collected, Amblyomma sculptum predominated, followed by Amblyomma parvum and Amblyomma ovale. Dragging, a cheap and simple technique, yielded the highest numbers of ticks, particularly nymphs. The visual search detected a high number of adult ticks and provided information on tick questing height. Even though laborious, plant litter examination showed that large numbers of ticks may use this stratum. Carbon dioxide (CO2) traps are expensive and difficult to handle, but they are highly efficient for adult ticks, especially A. parvum. These data indicate that one method alone is incapable of providing a representative sample of the tick fauna in a particular area and that multiple techniques should be used for tick population studies.
Long-term axial capacity of deepwater jetted piles
Authors: ZAKERI A. , LIEDTKE E. , CLUKEY E.C. , JEANJEAN P.
Published: December 2014

Jetting is a technique commonly used to install well conductors, which is faster than the conventional drill and cement method. Conductors are designed to support the buoyed weight of the first string of casings (typically, 3–5 days after jetting) and later to provide the lateral stability for the well system against cyclic loading from environmental elements. The axial bearing capacity of a jetted conductor increases with time due to consolidation and thixotropy effects; however, the field data for set-up only extend to about 10 days. Installation of jetted conductors as piles and anchors may be an economic solution for offshore developments. The long-term axial capacity of jetted conductors was investigated through a series of centrifuge modelling and laboratory thixotropy testing. The centrifuge tests simulated jetting installation of four model conductors and measured capacities at set-up times ranging between 10 and 1000 days in a kaolin clay seabed with an undrained shear strength profile similar to that encountered in deepwater Gulf of Mexico. The centrifuge test results were compared to the field data in the Gulf of Mexico. The implications of the centrifuge test results for deepwater Gulf of Mexico conditions are discussed. A method is presented for estimating the long-term axial capacity of jetted conductors in Gulf of Mexico seabed conditions with recommendations for additional studies.
A general solution for 1D consolidation induced by depth- and time-dependent changes in stress
Authors: LIU J.C. , GRIFFITHS D.V.
Published: December 2014

The paper describes a general analytical solution for obtaining the excess pore pressure in a consolidating layer due to depth and time-dependent changes of total stress, given by a simple product of depth- and time-dependent functions. The solution is validated against three previously published solutions, and the paper ends with analysis of a case history involving settlement and consolidation beneath a periodically loaded silo. Good agreement is observed between the analytical solution and measured settlements, and the transient response is also validated against a finite-element solution.
Cross-anisotropic deformation characteristics of natural sedimentary clays
Authors: NISHIMURA S.
Published: December 2014

The cross-anisotropic elasticity parameters were experimentally determined for six sedimentary clays of different ages and origins at both natural and reconstituted states by using high-precision triaxial apparatus. All the parameters and their dependency on the effective stress are satisfactorily described by a simple, conventional power-law model. The patterns of the inherent anisotropy exhibited close agreement between the natural and reconstituted states, suggesting that the development of natural microstructures due to ageing and diagenesis does not play a primary role in determining the anisotropy patterns in clays. Despite different degrees of stiffness anisotropy observed in the six clays, relatively well-defined correlations encompassing all the tested clays were found between certain stiffness parameters. While fully characterising the drained elasticity moduli is still a challenging laboratory task, these correlations will help estimate some of them based on more readily measurable undrained moduli. All the exponents in the stiffness model equations, representing the dependency of the moduli on effective stress states, were generally smaller for older natural clays, whereas they were broadly constant for reconstituted samples, indicating a cementation-like effect in older, aged clays. Poisson ratios, [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], were generally very small, with secant [Formula: see text] values becoming gradually larger at larger strains.
Relating suborganismal processes to ecotoxicological and population level endpoints using a bioenergetic model
Authors: Ananthasubramaniam Bharath , McCauley Edward , Gust Kurt A. , Kennedy Alan J. , Muller Erik B. , Perkins Edward J. , Nisbet Roger M.
Published: December 2014

Ecological effects of environmental stressors are commonly evaluated using organismal or suborganismal data, such as standardized toxicity tests that characterize responses of individuals (e.g., mortality and reproduction) and a rapidly growing body of “omics” data. A key challenge for environmental risk assessment is relating such information to population dynamics. One approach uses dynamic energy budget (DEB) models that relate growth and reproduction of individuals to underlying flows of energy and elemental matter. We hypothesize that suborganismal information identifies DEB parameters that are most likely impacted by a particular stressor and that the DEB model can then project suborganismal effects on life history and population endpoints. We formulate and parameterize a model of growth and reproduction for the water flea Daphnia magna. Our model resembles previous generic bioenergetic models, but has explicit representation of discrete molts, an important feature of Daphnia life history. We test its ability to predict six endpoints commonly used in chronic toxicity studies in specified food environments. With just one adjustable parameter, the model successfully predicts growth and reproduction of individuals from a wide array of experiments performed in multiple laboratories using different clones of D. magna raised on different food sources. Fecundity is the most sensitive endpoint, and there is broad correlation between the sensitivities of fecundity and long‐run growth rate, as is desirable for the default metric used in chronic toxicity tests. Under some assumptions, we can combine our DEB model with the Euler‐Lotka equation to estimate long‐run population growth rates at different food levels. A review of Daphnia gene‐expression experiments on the effects of contaminant exposure reveals several connections to model parameters, in particular a general trend of increased transcript expression of genes involved in energy assimilation and utilization at concentrations affecting growth and reproduction. The sensitivity of fecundity to many model parameters was consistent with frequent generalized observations of decreased expression of genes involved in reproductive physiology, but interpretation of these observations requires further mechanistic modeling. We thus propose an approach based on generic DEB models incorporating few essential species‐specific features for rapid extrapolation of ecotoxicogenomic assays for Daphnia‐based population risk assessment.
An Evaluation of Voluntary 2-Dose Varicella Vaccination Coverage in New York City Public Schools
Authors: Doll Margaret K. , Rosen Jennifer B. , Bialek Stephanie R. , Szeto Hiram , Zimmerman Christopher M.
Published: December 2014

Objectives. We assessed coverage for 2-dose varicella vaccination, which is not required for school entry, among New York City public school students and examined characteristics associated with receipt of 2 doses.

Methods. We measured receipt of either at least 1 or 2 doses of varicella vaccine among students aged 4 years and older in a sample of 336 public schools (n = 223 864 students) during the 2010 to 2011 school year. Data came from merged student vaccination records from 2 administrative data systems. We conducted multivariable regression to assess associations of age, gender, race/ethnicity, and school location with 2-dose prevalence.

Results. Coverage with at least 1 varicella dose was 96.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 96.2%, 96.3%); coverage with at least 2 doses was 64.8% (95% CI = 64.6%, 64.9%). Increasing student age, non-Hispanic White race/ethnicity, and attendance at school in Staten Island were associated with lower 2-dose coverage.

Conclusions. A 2-dose varicella vaccine requirement for school entry would likely improve 2-dose coverage, eliminate coverage disparities, and prevent disease.
Debris-flow hazards in the Blue Ridge of central Virginia
Authors: Wieczorek G. F. , Morgan B. A. , Campbell R. H.
Published: December 2014

The June 27, 1995, storm in Madison County, Virginia produced debris flows and floods that devastated a small (130 km 2 ) area of the Blue Ridge in the eastern United States. Although similar debris-flow inducing storm events may return only approximately once every two thousand years to the same given locale, these events affecting a similar small-sized area occur about every three years somewhere in the central and southern Appalachian Mountains. From physical examinations and mapping of debris-flow sources, paths, and deposits in Madison County, we develop methods for identifying areas subject to debris flows using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology. We examined the rainfall intensity and duration characteristics of the June 27, 1995, and other storms, in the Blue Ridge of central Virginia, and have defined a minimum threshold necessary to trigger debris flows in granitic rocks. In comparison with thresholds elsewhere, longer and more intense rainfall is necessary to trigger debris flows in the Blue Ridge.
Bedrock knobs, San Francisco Bay; do navigation hazards outweigh other environmental problems?
Authors: Carlson Paul R. , Chin John L. , Wong Florence L.
Published: December 2014

Three bedrock knobs (Arch, Harding, and Shag rocks) rise above the unconsolidated sediment of central San Francisco Bay to a water depth of less than -12 m (<-39.4 ft MLLW). These rocks are within the westbound vessel traffic area, and the northernmost, Harding Rock, is approximately 300 m (984 ft) from the two-way deep water traffic lane. The rocks pose a hazard to deep-draft vessels. Large ships with drafts deeper than -17 m (-55.8 ft) cross central San Francisco Bay bound for and returning from major port cities of the Bay estuary. Acoustic profiling data show that bedrock extends at a gentle to moderate slope away from the knobs. These data also show that two of the knobs, Harding and Shag, may be part of a bedrock ridge that extends to Alcatraz Island and perhaps southeast to Blossom Rock. The tops of these rocks should be lowered to a depth of -17 m (-55.8 ft), with a total volume of as much as 245,000 m 3 (320,460 yd 3 ), at an estimated cost of nearly 27 million dollars, to eliminate the possibility that a tanker would strike one and rupture. A resulting large oil spill would likely cost many times more than the 10 million dollars needed to clean up a small 1996 spill. If the rocks were removed, local habitat for striped bass and other game fish would be altered, with potential negative impact on sport fishing. Currently, public officials are studying the benefits to the Bay environment of lowering the rock knobs.
Rock bursts and associated neotectonic forms at Minnipa Hill, northwestern Eyre Peninsula, South Australia
Authors: Twidale C. R. , Bourne J. A.
Published: December 2014

Disturbance of the surface of Minnipa Hill Southeast, a low granite dome located on the northwestern Eyre Peninsula, on 19 January 1999, coincided with a shallow earth tremor, and it is suggested that the two events are causally related. The disturbance, which affected an area 170X100 m, took the form of rock bursts, reverse fault scarps, low angle planes of dislocation and overriding sheets, A-tents, dislocated slabs and blocks and widespread surficial flaking. Evidence of two earlier disturbances was noted. The event directly confirms the association of A-tents and dislocated slabs with compressive stress and by implication links bornhardts and sheet fractures with similar strain environments.
Detection of buried faults and fractures using soil gas analysis
Authors: Fountain John C. , Jacobi Robert D.
Published: December 2014

Detection of fractures in bedrock, which is essential for hazardous waste site evaluation and for modeling of local ground-water flow in fractured terranes, is difficult where exposure is poor, but may be accomplished using a newly developed method based on soil gas analysis. This method is based upon the accumulation of thermogenic gas in soil above open bedrock fractures. Fractures may provide high permeability pathways through bedrock; if the underlying units contain natural gas, gas will migrate upward through open fractures, producing anomalously high methane concentrations in the soil above. Over ten thousand soil gas analyses from western New York demonstrated that fractures of the Clarendon-Linden Fault System could be traced with soil gas analyses through an area largely covered with unconsolidated glacial deposits. Interpretation of soil gas anomalies as indicators of underlying fractures was confirmed by correlation with outcrop, well log, seismic, and remote sensing data. Samples were collected at a spacing of 10 m, from a depth of approximately 60 cm, using a stainless steel probe driven with a sledgehammer. Analysis of the 60 cc samples was done on-site with a portable gas chromatograph. Ethane/methane ratios were used to distinguish thermogenic gas from biogenic methane. The excellent correlation of linear soil gas anomalies with mapped fractures suggests that where gas-bearing units underlie an area, soil gas analysis may provide a method of mapping faults and fractures where exposure is too poor for conventional mapping.
A standard method for sinkhole detection in the Tampa, Florida, area
Authors: Zisman E. D.
Published: December 2014

This paper presents a method for evaluating sinkhole potential based on eleven sinkhole characteristics that may be found during a subsurface investigation. In brief, the characteristics address the density of soil material at different depths, drilling properties, stratigraphic conditions and ground water levels. Each of the eleven-sinkhole characteristics is discussed in detail so the investigator can identify each characteristic during the subsurface investigation. Once the total number of sinkhole characteristics are identified the Sinkhole Score for the site is determined. The Sinkhole Score is the number of sinkhole characteristics found compared to the number of sinkhole characteristics possible. Also discussed is the Weighted Sinkhole Score, which is a modification to the Sinkhole Score that accounts for the importance of each characteristic. The significance of the sinkhole scoring method is discussed in determining the likelihood that a sinkhole has impacted existing construction or could impact future site development. The paper also discusses other factors that can cause sinkhole-like distress and discusses methods of detection.
Using an analytical solution to estimate the subsidence risk caused by ASR applications
Authors: Li J. , Helm D. C.
Published: December 2014

Land subsidence, due to the net compression of one or more semi-pervious clay beds, can be induced by the application of aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) technology. ASR technology involves periodically pumping and injecting water from or into adjacent aquifers for various purposes. In order to estimate the potential risk of aquifer system deformation in response to an injecting-pumping scheme, an analytic solution for the one-dimensional case (a sandwich model) is solved. The solution is analyzed for a unit column of an idealized compressible semipervious layer. A governing equation is invoked that is expressed directly in terms of the vertical displacement of the skeletal frame (Helm, 1987). For simplicity, the saturated aquifer system is assumed to behave like poroelastic material (both recoverable and nonrecoverable). The two idealized aquifers (one above the modeled semi-confining bed and the other beneath) can be pumped independently of each other. Analytical solutions are found for subsidence in response to selected stress/pumping patterns. Results from the analytic solution are applied in order to estimate and predict the potential risk of land subsidence due to ground-water withdrawal and injection, and to provide a first-estimate type of guideline for city and regional planning and the exploration of water resources.
Liquefaction evaluation guidelines for practicing engineering and geological professionals and regulators
Authors: Lew Marshall
Published: December 2014

Liquefaction is a seismic hazard that must be evaluated for a significant percentage of the developable areas of California. The combination of the presence of active seismic faults, young loose alluvium, and shallow ground water are the ingredients that could result in the occurrence of liquefaction in many areas of California. These ingredients are also found in other seismically active areas of the United States and the world. The state of California, through the Seismic Hazard Mapping Act of 1990, has mandated that liquefaction hazard be determined for new construction. On a parallel track, the Uniform Building Code, since 1994, has provisions requiring the determination of liquefaction potential and mitigation of related hazards, such as settlement, flow slides, lateral spreading, ground oscillation, sand boils, and loss of bearing capacity. Fortunately, the state of knowledge has now evolved to where there are field exploration methods and analytical techniques to estimate the liquefaction potential and the possible consequences arising from the occurrence of liquefaction. There are some areas that still need further research. Mitigation for liquefaction has become more commonplace and confidence in these techniques has been increased based on the relatively successful performance of improved sites in the past several major earthquakes. Unfortunately, not all practicing engineering and geological professionals and building officials are knowledgeable about the current state-of-practice in liquefaction hazard analysis and mitigation. Thus, it was considered necessary to develop a set of guidelines to aid professionals and building officials, based on California's experience with the current practice of liquefaction hazard analysis and mitigation. Although the guidelines reported in this paper were written specifically for practice in California, it is believed that guidelines can benefit practitioners to evaluate liquefaction hazard in all seismic regions.
Fracturing within anticlines and its kinematic control on slope stability
Authors: Badger Thomas C.
Published: December 2014

Anticlinal folding generates both bedding-parallel shear stresses and tensional stresses radial to the fold axis. These stresses typically produce two sets of discontinuities. Discontinuity set S 1 forms coincident with bedding (S 0 ) as a mode II fracture, and discontinuity set S 2 forms perpendicular to bedding and strikes parallel to the fold axis as a mode I fracture. For slopes that strike parallel to the fold axis, these two discontinuity sets may produce three structurally-controlled modes of slope failure. For slopes that are coincident with bedding, planar failures along S 0 /S 1 commonly occur and can be very large. Where bedding dips favorably into the slope, failures along joint set S 2 and across bedding can occur. Toppling failures are common to both of these slope configurations, along S 2 and S 0 /S 1 , respectively. Lastly, flat or shallow dipping S 0 /S 1 fractures, even those favorably oriented, and intersecting S 2 joints define blocks that can be mobilized by high ground-water pressures. An example is presented for each slope configuration to illustrate these kinematic controls on slope stability.
Silica transport in the high-level radioactive waste repository, Yucca Mountain, Nevada
Authors: Sun Zhuang , Rimstidt J. Donald
Published: December 2014

The United States is currently planning to bury high-level radioactive wastes from commercial nuclear power plants and from weapons production in a mined repository in tuff deposits under Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Radioactive decay in these wastes will create steep thermal gradients in the rocks surrounding the repository. This heat might cause the pore water in these tuffs to evaporate, migrate as vapor to cooler areas, and condense to form a solution that can aggressively dissolve the surrounding tuff. Under certain circumstances the silica-rich, bicarbonate solutions produced by this process could migrate under the influence of gravity back toward the canisters where the water would again evaporate leaving amorphous silica behind to form a low permeability silica cap above the repository. Over time, a perched water table containing carbonate and colloidal silica-rich brine could develop above the repository. Thermoelastic fracturing of the silica cap might allow this brine to flow into the repository. We developed a vertical thermal gradient experiment that simulates the silica dissolution and transport processes and used it to determine that each Joule of heat can leach and transport as much as 1.85(+ or -0.56)X10 (super -8) g of silica from a crushed sample of the Topopah Springs Member of the Paintbrush Tuff. Based on this value and the thermal models of Moujaes and Lei (1995), we estimate that the heat from each canister of waste might transport as much as 31.7 kg of silica during the first 100 years and as much as 136 kg of silica during the first 1,000 years after emplacement. Assuming a reasonable fracture density and a 30 mX30 m area of influence for each canister, we estimate that the silica cap above the repository could grow to be 2.1 mm thick after 100 yr and 9.1 mm thick after 1,000 yr.
Rock mass characterization to indicate slope instability at Bandarban, Bangladesh; a rock engineering systems approach
Authors: Ali Khaled Mohammed , Hasan Khaled
Published: December 2014

A Rock Engineering Systems (RES) approach was adopted for rock mass characterization to indicate unstable slopes along the main roads of Bandarban Sadar Thana, Bandarban district of southeastern Bangladesh. The research work was based on a thorough field investigation, which was followed by geomathematical analyses of collected data. Fieldwork was carried out along two roads in Bandarban Sadar Thana of Bandarban. The slopes are composed of rocks of the lithostratigraphic units--the Surma and Tipam Group. Data on probable parameters related to slope instability were collected for the analyses. Based on the findings of the field investigation, literature review and collected ancillary data, 13 parameters were found relevant to slope instability. For the geomathematical analysis, matrix coding was done and rating values were designated for subcategories of each parameter to construct pull down menus. Finally, Rock Mass Instability Index (RMIIj) was calculated for each slope; higher values of RMIIj indicate higher degrees of slope instability. For the purpose of verification of the RES methodology and results, several stable slopes were included in the field study and geomathematical analyses. It was found that the unstable slopes had a RMIIj value ranging between 43.99 and 65.27, whereas the stable slopes were found to have RMIIj values between 14.04 and 39.10. Therefore, the adapted RES method of rock mass characterization based on RMIIj values was found effective in differentiating the studied slopes based on their degree of slope instability.
Contribution de la thermoluminescence a la paleogeographie de la Mediterrannee centrale
Authors: Beugnies Alphonse , Broquet Paul , Caire Andre , Charlet Jean Marie , Duee Gerard , Mascle Georges , Truillet Rene
Published: December 2014

Detrital sediments, quartz and feldspar types and distribution, Permian-Miocene, Sicily, Sardinia, Tunisia and Algeria
Etudes geophysiques en Bresse
Authors: Vitart Marc J.
Published: December 2014

Relations between the various geophysical methods of exploration, lithofacies, Oligocene, France
Etude geologique dans l'ile de Chiloe (Chili)
Authors: Saliot Pierre
Published: December 2014

Presence of Miocene beds on the eastern coast of island, Tertiary sedimentary series and Cretaceous metamorphism
Contribution a l'etude des mineraux titanes dans quelques roches a chlorite du Massif central francais
Authors: Labernardiere Henri , Sabourdy Georges
Published: December 2014

Predominantly anatase, niobium and scandium, x-ray analysis
Description de deux especes d'algues calcaires dans le Permien des Taurus, Turquie
Authors: Guevenc Tuncer
Published: December 2014

Diplopora anatoliana n. sp., Eugonophyllum magnum
Les rapports de l'Oligocene avec les structures E-W du Nord-Varois (gouttiere de Rians-Salernes)
Authors: Touraine Fernand
Published: December 2014

Tertiary stratigraphic and tectonic history, four phases of deformation, southeast France
Sur la geologie de la province de Concepcion (Chili); la region de Tome
Authors: Chotin Pierre
Published: December 2014

Coastal granodioritic batholith, Paleozoic metamorphic basement, upper Cretaceous, Eocene and Quaternary sedimentary cover, petrology, age, structural relationships
Deux Bellerophontaces nouveaux de Bolivie
Authors: Fischer Jean Claude
Published: December 2014

Lower Silurian gastropods, Sinuitina reyesi n. sp., Phragmolites suarezi n. sp., age of Kirusilla and Pampa formations, Oruro area
Durania praeblayaci, nouvelle espece de rudiste de l'Albien des cordilleres betiques orientales (prov. d'Alicante, Espagne); quelques remarques sur le genre Durania
Authors: Polsak Ante , Azema Jacques
Published: December 2014

Cretaceous pelecypod, Crevillente mountains
Sur des restes d'echinodermes(?) du Cambro-Ordovicien de la Sierra de la Demanda (Burgos-Logrono, Espagne)
Authors: Colchen Michel , Ubaghs G. P.
Published: December 2014

Oryctoconus lobatus n. gen. n. sp., systematic descriptions, lithostratigraphy
'Micro-oncolithes' dans le Jurassique superieur de la vallee du Bicaz (Carpates orientales, Roumanie)
Authors: Dragastan Ovidiu
Published: December 2014

Concentric-spheroidal and ellipsoidal types, formation conditions based on geometric characteristics and micropaleontologic associations, Portlandian, Ghilcos massif
Sur les problemes de la granulometrie des mineraux lourds
Authors: Giresse Pierre
Published: December 2014

Effects of density, shape, hydrodynamic conditions of deposition, samples from Catalonia (Spain), southern Cotentin (France), and Gabon
Les foraminiferes benthiques et planctoniques d'une carotte atlantique (golfe de Gascogne); variations climatiques du milieu marin au cours du Quaternaire recent
Authors: Caralp Michelle , Pujos Michel
Published: December 2014

Three planktonic assemblages, two benthonic assemblages indicate interglacial, glacial and postglacial stages of the Wurm glaciation
Essai de stratigraphie du Pleistocene marin terminal d'apres les paleoclimats observes dans des carottes du golfe de Gascogne
Authors: Caralp Michelle
Published: December 2014

Continental shelf and slope, foraminifera, correlation, climatic episodes, ages, France
La position des formations de type flysch dans le developpement orogenique des chaines mediterraneennes
Authors: Debelmas Jacques
Published: December 2014

Discussion on the mountain chains on both sides of the Mediterranean and the role of flysch in tectonic evolution
Correlations des facies a Orbitolinidae a l'Est du Rio Albaida, provinces de Valence et d'Alicante (Espagne); consequences stratigraphiques, paleoecologiques et paleogeographiques
Authors: Champetier Yves , Moullade Michel
Published: December 2014

Sedimentology, paleoecologic significance of Iraqia
Le Djebel Edough; un massif cristallin externe du Nord-Est de la Berberie
Authors: Vila Jean-Marie
Published: December 2014

Anticlinal, transgressions on flanks, Jurassic-Cretaceous carbonates, overthrust by Kabylia-type flysch, Algeria
Contribution a l'etude de biohermes continentaux; barrages des lacs de Band-e-Amir, Afghanistan central
Authors: Lang Jacques , Lucas Gabriel
Published: December 2014

Travertine accumulations, Cyanophyceae, Chlorophyceae, moss, charophytes, Equisetum, seasonal changes, comparison with ancient accumulations
Les filons doleritiques du Nord de la Bretagne
Authors: Velde Danielle
Published: December 2014

Olivine-dolerite and quartz-dolerite with micropegmatite, intermediate types, chemical composition similar to Devonian sills of Bolazec, different from Pyrenees but close to Hawaiian tholeiitic basalt, older than Hercynian, France
Sur le comportement des feldspaths potassiques au sein du milieu superficiel; origine de leur alterabilite dans les zones de contact entre granites porphyroides et leuco-granites du massif de Luzy, Morvan
Authors: Seddoh Francisco , Pedro Georges
Published: December 2014

Transformation of orthoclase into white powdery crystals, similar to Ca-Na feldspars, albitization, sericitization, kaolinization and intense microdivision, France
Echinides de l'Eocene moyen de la region de Vic, Barcelone
Authors: Reguant Salvador , Roman Jean , Villatte Juliette
Published: December 2014

Upper part of middle Eocene, five new forms for Spain, three new species, Echinanthus reguanti, Clypeaster n. sp., affinities with Biarritz and Landes, Spain
Contribution a l'etude de Cretace des Dinarides internes; la region de Maglaj, Bosnie, (Yougoslavie)
Authors: Blanchet Rene , Durand Delga Michel , Moullade Michel , Sigal Jacques
Published: December 2014

Microfacies, coarse detrital rocks, calcareous breccia, pelagic siliceous limestones, transport of terrigenous material
Les lambeaux allochtones du revers septentrional du massif des Psiloriti (Crete moyenne, Grece)
Authors: Bonneau Michel
Published: December 2014

Mainly Gavrovo Series, two allochthonous series, Mesozoic Pindic and ophiolitic series, paleogeography
Regards sur les Dinarides internes yougoslaves (Serbie-Montenegro oriental); stratigraphie, evolution paleogeographique, magmatisme
Authors: Rampnoux Jean-Paul
Published: December 2014

Alpine cycle, structural zones, two paleogeographies, Triassic-Cretaceous with ophiolites, Cretaceous with flysch, post-geosynclinal Tertiary with volcanism and granodiorites
Sur la geologie des confins meridionaux de la Bosnie et de la Serbie; mise en evidence de la nappe du Semec (region de Visegrad et Rogatica, Yougoslavie)
Authors: Cadet Jean-Paul
Published: December 2014

Cover of neritic calcareous Triassic over Paleozoic and pelagic Mesozoic series, importance of tangential movements
Esquisse geologique de la Bosnie-Herzegovine meridionale et du Montenegro occidental
Authors: Cadet Jean-Paul
Published: December 2014

Six major paleogeographic zones, stratigraphy, five major nappes, ophiolitic massifs, Yugoslavia
L'unite du col de l'Adissa (confins algero-tunisiens septentrionaux), lithologie et stratigraphie; consequences structurale et paleogeographique de son individualisation
Authors: Glacon Georgette , Rouvier Henri
Published: December 2014

Tectonic unit, Cretaceous, Tertiary, foraminifera
Observations sur le Callovien de la bordure nord-est du Massif central
Authors: Thierry Jacques
Published: December 2014

Lithofacies, thickness, variations, paleogeography, ammonites, France
Presence d'Algues calcaires dans le Carbonifere marocain
Authors: Chanton-Guevenc Nicole
Published: December 2014

Rhodophyta, Dasycladaceae, Cynaphyceae, Solenopora owodenkoi n. sp.
Precisions stratigraphiques et sedimentologiques sur les depots neogenes du bassin de Servia (Macedoine occidentale, Grece)
Authors: Desprairies Alain , Faugeres Lucien
Published: December 2014

Granulometry, mineralogy, chemistry, clay mineralogy, shales, palynomorphs
Essai d'interpretation structurale d'un profil transversal du Nord-Est de la Berberie entre les regions d'Annaba (Bone) et de Guelma
Authors: Vila Jean-Marie
Published: December 2014

Stratigraphy, paleogeography, tectonics, Mesozoic, Tertiary, Algeria
Nouvelles donnees stratigraphiques et tectoniques sur les sierras du Lagarin et du Malaver (province de Cadix et de Malaga, Espagne meridionale)
Authors: Bourgois Jacques , Chauve Pierre
Published: December 2014

Thought to be Subbetic, should be really in the San Cristobal unit and Montecorto unit, foraminifera, Mesozoic and Cenozoic
Les unites a Mesozoique metamorphique d'El Milia a Texenna (Algerie) et leur cadre structural
Authors: Durand-Delga Michel
Published: December 2014

Ancient basement of Lesser Kabylia thrust over epimetamorphic material and overthrust by Cretaceous-Paleogene flysch
Decouverte d' "argiles a blocs" dans la region de Dellys-Tigzirt (Grande Kabylie, Algerie); leur place parmi les formations oligo-miocenes au Nord de la Grande Kabylie
Authors: Magne Jean , Raymond Daniel
Published: December 2014

Cover of a Tellian unite of Dellys, heterogeneous microfauna, Globigerinoides, Almaena
Problemes souleves par l'Albien dans les Monts de Batna, au Nord de l'Aures (Algerie)
Authors: Bureau Dominique
Published: December 2014

No Albian outcrops, deformations, paleogeography
Age des formations phosphatees de Lam Lam et de Taiba (Senegal occidental); donnees micropaleontologiques, consequences stratigraphiques et paleogeographiques
Authors: Brancart Rene , Flicoteaux Rene
Published: December 2014

Calcitic, middle Eocene to upper Eocene-Oligocene, foraminifera, unconformity
Stratigraphie et structure du Paleozoique de la region de Wardak, en Afghanistan
Authors: Blaise Jacques , Desparmet Raymond , Lapparent Albert F. de
Published: December 2014

Shales, sandstones, carbonates, graptolites, brachiopods, synclinoria
Une espece nouvelle de Tortue pleurodire (? Roxochelys vilavilensis n. sp.) dans le Cretace superieur de Bolivie
Authors: Broin France de
Published: December 2014

Pelomedusidae, comparisons
Le Languedoc au Cretace superieur et a l'Eocene inferieur; evolution des principaux elements structuraux (rides et sillons) migration des aires de sedimentation, role des phases precoces dans la tectogenese
Authors: Freytet Pierre
Published: December 2014

New stratigraphy, paleogeography, tectonic units
Sur la stratigraphie du Cretace superieur et du flysch en Eubee moyenne (zone pelagonienne, Grece)
Authors: Bignot Gerard , Fleury Jean-Jacques , Guernet Claude
Published: December 2014

Flysch, limestones, radiolarites, chert, foraminifera
Nouvelles donnees sur le Cretace prebetique entre Cieza et Salinas (Provinces d'Alicante et de Murcie, Espagne)
Authors: Azema Jacques
Published: December 2014

Sedimentation, foraminifera, Mollusca
Stratigraphie des formations du Miocene terminal au Quaternaire en Sicile sub-occidentale
Authors: Magne Jean , Mascle Georges , Mongin Denise
Published: December 2014

Biostratigraphy, gypsum, foraminifera, Mollusca
Figures d'emersion temporaire et indices de sedimentation a tres faible profondeur dans le Portlandien et le Kimmeridgien superieur (Calcaires en plaquettes) du Grand-Colombier-de-Culoz (Ain, France)
Authors: Bernier Paul , Enay Raymond
Published: December 2014

Lamellibranchs, foraminifera, birdseye, laminites, evaporites, algae
Deux nouveaux genres de Madreporaires triasiques
Authors: Beauvais Louise
Published: December 2014

Meandriidae (Archaeophyllia), and Conophylliidae (Remismilia)
Lithocodium aggregatum Elliott et Bacinella irregularis Radoicic de l'Aptien de Teruel (Espagne); deux stades de croissance d'un seul et meme organisme incertae sedis
Authors: Segonzac Genevieve , Marin Philippe
Published: December 2014

Possibly algal, Bacinella young stage of Lithocodium
Evolution au Cretace superieur de la pente separant le domaine de plate-forme du sillon sous-pyreneen en Aquitaine meridionale
Authors: Ricateau R. , Villemin J.
Published: December 2014

Limestone, shale, continental platform
Le sillon slovene; les formations triasiques, jurassiques et neocomiennes au Nord-Est de Tolmin (Slovenie occidentale Alpes meridionales) et leurs affinites dinariques
Authors: Cousin Michel
Published: December 2014

Stratigraphy, microfauna, facies, breccia
Apercu sur le bassin miocene synchro-nappes et les conditions de mise en place des unites allochtones dans les Monts du Tessala (Dep. d'Oran, Algerie)
Authors: Fenet Bertrand , Magne Jean
Published: December 2014

Tectonics, stratigraphy, foraminifera
Nature, importance relative et place dans la diagenese des phases de silice presentes dans les silicifications de craies du Bassin oceanique de Madagascar (Ocean Indien) et du Bassin de Paris
Authors: Froehlich Francois
Published: December 2014

Foraminifera, Cretaceous, Eocene