bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Revisão de estudos epidemiológicos sobre a endometriose no Brasil
Authors: Guedes Victoria Dias de Souza , Santos Vinícius Ribeiro Araujo
Published: November 2021

Introdução: A endometriose é uma doença de grande prevalência e impacto social, e estima-se que cerca de 10% da população feminina seja portadora da doença. Objetivo: Rever a literatura brasileira produzida sobre a epidemiologia da endometriose até março de 2021, buscando o perfil da mulher brasileira com endometriose. Métodos: Foram utilizados os buscadores Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e PubMed. No primeiro, usou-se a palavra-chave “endometriose”, e foram encontrados 225 artigos. Desses, chegou-se ao total de três artigos sobre a epidemiologia no brasil. No segundo, com as palavras-chave “endometriosis epidemiology”, “endometriosis analysis”, “endometriosis panel” e “endometriosis incidence”, não foram localizados artigos sobre a epidemiologia da endometriose na população brasileira. Resultados: O estudo de Bellelis et al. (2010) analisou 892 pacientes submetidas à laparoscopia para confirmação histopatológica da doença. Nesse estudo, foi identificada a predominância de mulheres brancas (78,7%) e a média de idade de 33,2±6,3 anos. Observou-se umagrande quantidade de nulíparas (56,5%) e, das mulheres que tiveram filhos, cerca da metade com apenas uma prole. Também foi verificado que 69,5% das pacientes estavam casadas/amasiadas. Como principal sintoma referido pela paciente, obteve-se a dor pélvica crônica (56,8%). Em relação à queixa principal, a dismenorreia (62%) apareceu na frente, seguida de sintomas intestinais (48%). Em 2013 foram analisadas 230 pacientes por meio de corte transversal com intervenção realizada entre 2007 e 2011. A média de idade das mulheres foi de 38,3±10 anos. A maioria delas era parda, casada/amasiada, cursou ensino fundamental, dependente financeiramente, tinha índice de massa corpórea normal, até três filhos e atividade sexual ativa. Os exames físicos e a ultrassonografia foram normais na grande maioria dessas mulheres. Nas 41/230 laparoscopias realizadas, encontraram-se aderências (34%) e endometriose (29%), laqueadura tubária (50,4%) e cesariana (48,7%). A maior parte das pacientes tinha função intestinal normal (58,2%), com 38,3% de obstipação. Em um estudo descritivo retrospectivo que envolveu 237 mulheres entre 2011 e 2017, a maioria delas (65,4%) estava em idade reprodutiva (29-39 anos), com índice de massa corporal entre 18,5 e 24,9 kg/m2 e alta prevalência (23-81%) dos sintomas clínicos da doença, e 49,5% eram inférteis. O tempo médio de diagnóstico foi de cinco anos. O endometrioma ovariano e/ou endometriose profunda infiltrativa foram os tipos mais frequentes de endometriose (87%), e 59% das pacientes estavam no estágio ­III/­IV da doença. Oitenta e sete por cento das mulheres com diagnóstico cirúrgico tinham idade acima dos 30 anos, eram casadas (70%) e apresentavam menor paridade. Conclusão: São necessários mais estudos sobre a mulher brasileira que possui endometriose para melhor delinear seu perfil, auxiliando no diagnóstico precoce e no tratamento mais efetivo.
A malária durante a gravidez
Authors: Mendes Davi Rogienfisz , Moreira Raíssa Maria Duarte , Espadim Ana Luiza Vargas
Published: November 2021

Introdução: A malária é uma doença febril infectoparasitária causada pelo protozoário do gênero Plasmodium. Sabe-se, atualmente, que em regiões em que a malária é endêmica, a sua infecção em mulheres grávidas tende a ser a principal causa de mortalidade materna e anemia, além de ser responsável por outras complicações da gravidez, tais como aborto espontâneo, nascimento prematuro, baixo peso da criança ao nascer e mortalidade neonatal. Objetivo: Este trabalho objetiva revisar os dados e informações disponíveis sobre a infecção por malária na gravidez e compreender seus principais efeitos. Métodos: Para a realização deste artigo, foram utilizadas as bases de dados PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (Lilacs) e UpToDate, utilizando os descritores “malária” e “pregnancy”. Foram selecionados artigos nas línguas inglesa e portuguesa. Resultados e conclusão: Em primeiro lugar, cabe ressaltar que as manifestações da malária em mulheres grávidas e seu feto estão intrinsecamente relacionadas com a endemicidade dessa doença na região. Observou-se, nesse sentido, que mulheres que moram em regiões com maior risco de transmissão tendem a apresentar a forma assintomática da doença, contudo apresentam maiores riscos de desenvolver anemia e, consequentemente, dar à luz de crianças com baixo peso. Já naquelas que moram em regiões com baixo risco de transmissão ou que viajaram recentemente para regiões endêmicas, a infecção tende a se apresentar de forma sintomática e mais grave. Ademais, notou-se que a placenta é um lugar ideal para a multiplicação do parasita causador da malária, sendo possível a presença dele nessa região mesmo com a sua ausência na circulação periférica. Tal fato foi contemplado em um estudo com 415 pacientes na Tanzânia, no qual, com base em uma análise histológica, demonstrou-se a presença do Plasmodium na placenta, com ausência de parasitemia em 46% dos casos. Além disso, estudos indicam que 60% das mulheres grávidas com malária apresentam anemia. Nesse contexto, o risco aumentado da anemia, somado a alterações na circulação, é fator relacionado com a deficiência de nutrientes para o feto, o que acaba contribuindo para o baixo peso ao nascimento e a mortalidade infantil, tanto por prematuridade quanto por retardo no crescimento intrauterino. Por fim, estudos indicaram que, quando comparadas às mulheres não grávidas, as grávidas tendem a ter a forma mais grave da doença, incluindo um maior risco de hipoglicemia e complicações respiratórias como edema pulmonar. Dessa forma, conclui-se que a gravidez torna as mulheres mais suscetíveis à infecção por malária, o que torna a exacerbação dos sintomas e complicações mais comum.
A relação entre aborto e as complicações gestacionais associadas às malformações uterinas maternas
Authors: Anhê Nathan Bardini , Martins Maria Cecília Gonçalves , Guerra Marina Trevizan
Published: November 2021

Introdução: As malformações uterinas congênitas são anormalidades causadas por fusão embriológica defeituosa ou falhas na recanalização dos ductos mullerianos na formação da cavidade uterina normal. Tais anormalidades podem ser associadas com desfechos gestacionais desfavoráveis na vida adulta. A interrupção da gravidez antes do período entre a 20ª e a 22ª semana gestacionais ou com peso fetal inferior a 500 g caracteriza-se como abortamento. Conforme a legislação brasileira, o aborto induzido é considerado crime, exceto quando a gravidez representa risco de vida para a gestante, estupro e feto anencéfalo. Por conta da falta de respaldo legal para o aborto, muitas mulheres procuram serviços clandestinos, em geral, sem a infraestrutura necessária para a operação e sem um profissional capacitado, o que culmina em resultados desfavoráveis, como malformações uterinas iatrogênicas e até morte. Objetivo: Determinar qual o impacto das malformações uterinas maternas no que tange às complicações gestacionais e ao aborto. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura com o uso os descritores “congenital abnormalities”, “abortion” e “uterus” na base de dados PubMed. Do total de 59 artigos encontrados, referentes aos últimos cinco anos, apenas 18 adequaram-se à proposta deste trabalho (critérios de exclusão: fuga do tema e repetições em periódicos). Resultados e conclusão: Entre os artigos selecionados, as malformações que mais sobressaíram foram: útero em T, útero bicorno, útero em chifre, síndrome de Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich, útero septado e malformações arteriovenosas (MAV). Tais patologias, muitas vezes tardiamente diagnosticadas por falta da realização de exames de imagem, levaram a abortos sem causa definida principalmente durante o segundo semestre de gravidez. Em comparação com uma mulher de útero normal, foram encontrados índices até 37% maiores de aborto espontâneo, 8,9% a mais de gravidezes ectópicas, 41,8% a mais de cesáreas e 7,3% a mais de perdas recorrentes na gestação do que em pessoas com útero anatomicamente normal. As MAV podem ser causadas por dois tipos principais de etiologias, uma iatrogênica e outra durante o desenvolvimento intrauterino desses vasos, e podem causar, na idade adulta, prejuízos ao tecido uterino e até abortamentos tardios. Em relação ao útero septado, a taxa de abortamento apresentou-se 42% maior em relação às mulheres com cavidade uterina normal. Estudos apontaram, ainda, que o diagnóstico precoce seguido de tratamento adequado culminou na redução dos desfechos desfavoráveis, como abortamento e parto prematuro. Os achados mostraram que as anormalidades congênitas, como útero unicórnio, útero em T e malformações arteriovenosas (congênitas ou adquiridas) tiveram maiores índices de abortos e complicações gestacionais, mesmo em casos de reprodução assistida.
Abordagem multidisciplinar do acretismo placentário com colocação de duplo J e embolização pré-cesárea/histerectomia
Authors: Tavares Talissa Lima , Moura Luciana Dalva Moutinho de , Ferrugini Carolina Loyola Prest , Carmo Junior Cleverson Gomes do
Published: November 2021

Introdução: A placenta acreta (AP) é uma condição patológica de placentação grave associada a parto prematuro e alto risco de hemorragia obstétrica maciça intraparto que afeta a saúde materna em todo o mundo. Na última década, estudos mostraram que o crescimento dos casos da AP é atribuído ao aumento da prevalência de parto cesáreo, e o diagnóstico pré-natal demonstrou diminuir a morbidade materna, tornando-se essencial para melhorar o manejo. Contudo, o envolvimento vesical e/ou de vasos pélvicos pode ocorrer, embora seja raro, resultando em mortalidade materna e fetal expressiva. Relato de caso: Paciente com 31 anos, G5 P5C A0, sem comorbidades, iniciou pré-natal de risco em função de quatro cesáreas prévias e, durante acompanhamento, foi diagnosticada com placenta prévia. Com 30,5 semanas, apresentou quadro de sangramento vaginal com duração inferior a 24 horas, sem outros sintomas associados, e compareceu ao pront-socorro do Hospital Universitário, onde foi internada. Evidenciaram-se por meio de ressonância magnética e ultrassonografia placenta prévia total, acrestimo placentário e suspeita de vasa prévia. Durante a internação realizaram-se dois ciclos de betametasona, e com 34,1 semanas foi indicada a interrupção por cesariana após o planejamento do manejo com uma equipe multidisciplinar. Previamente à cirurgia, um cateter duplo J foi inserido pelo urologista e logo em seguida a equipe de hemodinâmica inseriu um cateter em artérias uterinas para embolização, sem intercorrências. Procedeu-se à histerectomia total, na qual se visualizou acretismo placentário sem evidência de invasão a órgãos adjacentes, e a aderência em útero e bexigas foram desfeitas sem necessidade de embolização das artérias uterinas. Conclusão: A forte associação com cesárea e curetagem prévias ocorre pela formação de uma cicatriz que propicia a inserção inadequada da placenta. Feito o diagnóstico de acretismo placentário e possível invasão da bexiga, a conduta aplicada será a histerectomia total abdominal. É de extrema importância uma equipe multidisciplinar composta de obstetra, cirurgião vascular intervencionista, urologista e transfusionista nesses casos. As complicações incluem sangramento excessivo, coagulação intravascular disseminada, secção ou transfixação de um dos ureteres, sendo necessário segura hemostasia e drenagem da cavidade abdominal e, em alguns casos, passagem profilática de um stent ureteral duplo J. Em resumo, a fisiopatologia do espectro da placenta acreta é complexa. O diagnóstico pode ser feito no transoperatório, por ressonância magnética ou ecografia, e o tratamento vai depender do grau de acretismo. Neste caso de desfecho de sucesso, a abordagem pré-operatória multidisciplinar foi fundamental para prevenir lesões de órgãos adjacentes e sangramento descontrolado intraoperatório, impactando significativamente a morbimortalidade materna.
Análise das taxas de cesárea em uma maternidade pública do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Melo Luiz Eduardo Raposo Vieira de , Amaral Luciana de Paiva , Silva Fernanda Campos da
Published: November 2021

Introdução: As taxas de cesárea têm-se mostrado altas e em padrão crescente ao redor do mundo. Sabe-se que esse procedimento, quando não é bem indicado, pode gerar diversas complicações para a mãe e o neonato, as quais são menos associadas ao parto vaginal. A Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) concluiu que a classificação de Robson contribuiria para identificar casos mais problemáticos e definir melhor a real necessidade de cesáreas. Objetivo: Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar as taxas de cesárea em uma maternidade pública do Rio de Janeiro por meio da classificação de Robson. Métodos: O estudo realizado foi observacional, transversal e com coleta de dados de forma retrospectiva. Foram consultados os prontuários das parturientes internadas na maternidade para a aquisição das cinco parâmetros necessários à divisão nos 10 grupos de Robson. Foram calculadas as taxas e contribuições absolutas e relativas por grupo e foram interpretados os dados da maneira como propôs Robson. Resultados e conclusão: Coletaram-se dados de 379 puérperas, das quais 153 realizaram cesáreas e 226 parto vaginal. A taxa global de cesárea foi de 40,36%. Os grupos de maior contribuição relativa foram o 5 com 35,94%, seguido do 2 com 15,03% e do 1 com 13,72%. Os grupos 1, 2, 3, 7 e 10 tiveram suas taxas relativas de cesárea acima do esperado segundo o monitoramento proposto por Robson. O grupo 9 teve a taxa exatamente como a esperada. Os grupos 4, 5, 6 e 8 tiveram taxas relativas consoantes com o recomendado. Associa-se, portanto, sua contribuição com o tipo de população assistida pelo serviço, já que são recebidas muitas mulheres com cicatriz uterina por cesárea prévia (grupo 5). Apesar de apresentar taxa de cesárea menor que a nacional e em queda quando comparada aos nossos dados de 2016, a maternidade ainda apresenta um valor distante do preconizado pela OMS. Os principais grupos alvo para nos aproximar o valor do recomendado são os grupos 1, 2 e 3, que, apesar de serem considerados de baixo risco para desfecho em cesárea, ainda mantêm taxas relativas elevadas.
Penerapan Teknik Keterampilan Sosial Emosional pada Pembelajaran IPA Materi Bioteknologi dan Produksi Pangan Siswa Kelas IX-1 di SMP Negeri 4 Bolo Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021
Authors: Masyithah Masyithah
Published: November 2021

Penelitian tindakan kelas ini dilakukan untuk memecahkan masalah kurangnya kerjasama yang baik diantara siswa dalam satu kelompok kelas IX-1 SMP Negeri 4 Bolo tahun pelajaran 2020/2021 pada pembelajaran IPA. Selanjutnya, pembelajaran IPA terintegrasi teknik keterampilan sosial emosional untuk memecahkan masalah pembelajaran tersebut. Dalam proses penelitian, penelitian pendahuluan dilaksanakan sebagai upaya untuk menganalisa sikap kooperatif dan kolaboratif siswa serta penyebabnya. Kemudian, kriteria keberhasilan penelitian ditentukan sebagai indikator yang digunakan dalam penelitian, yaitu: pembelajaran berhasil jika ≥65% siswa berhasil menunjukkan sikap sangat kooperatif dan kolaboratif dalam pembelajaran IPA. Penerapan pembelajaran terintegrasi teknik keterampilan sosial emosional juga mengambil 3 teknik KSE, yaitu: menyusun puisi akrostik positif dari nama sendiri dan kelompok, tongkat estafet bicara dan menulis pengalaman bekerjasama dalam kelompok. Pada siklus 1 dengan teknik menyusun puisi akrostik, siswa berada dalam kategori kooperatif dan kolaboratif saja, dimana aspek ketergantungan positif dan keterampilan komunikasi siswa masih belum maksimal. Hanya 3 (9.4%) siswa yang dapat mencapai kategori yang diharapkan. Maka, peneliti melanjutkan ke siklus ke-2 dengan menggunakan teknik yang berbeda, yaitu: teknik estafet bicara. Pada siklus ini, 22 (68.75%) siswa mencapai kategori Sangat Kooperatif dan Kolaboratif. Ini berarti, kriteria keberhasilan telah dicapai dan dalam penelitian sikap kooperatif dan kolaboratif siswa kelas IX-1 SMP Negeri 4 Bolo pada pembelajaran IPA materi Bioteknologi dan Produksi Pangan. Selanjutnya, pembelajaran terintegrasi keterampilan sosial emosional ini dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif teknik-teknik yang membentuk karakter positif siswa terkait kerjasama dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar di kelas.
Implementasi Customer Relationship Management (CRM) di Atria Hotel Malang
Authors: Wicaksono Didit Rahadi
Published: November 2021

Atria Hotel Malang adalah salah satu hotel bintang empat yang terletak di Kota Malang, tepatnya berada di jantung kota Malang. Pihak manajemen hotel perlu menerapkan strategi pemasaran berupa Customer Relationship Management (CRM) untuk menciptakan kepuasan pelanggan terhadap pelayanan yang diberikan. Dalam melaksanakan strategi CRM, ada empat implementasi untuk menciptakan dan mengelola hubungan dengan pelanggan, yaitu: (1) identifikasi; (2) diferensiasi; (3) interaksi; (4) Customize. Metode penelitian yang digunakan peneliti adalah metode penelitian kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa Implementasi Customer Relationship Management (CRM) pada sales and marketing department dalam memelihara dan menjaga hubungan baik dengan pelanggan sudah dilaksanakan dengan baik dalam pengembangan brand awareness kepada publik, namun dalam penerapan customer relationship management masih belum dilakukan secara efektif karena masih terdapat banyak database pelanggan pada corporate segment yang menumpuk dan tidak valid lagi akibat dari pengelolaan hubungan yang tidak merata kepada pelanggan. Atria Hotel Malang memerlukan ide yang kreatif dan inovatif di setiap tahunnya agar mampu meningkatkan kualitas produk dan citra perusahaan di hadapan konsumen.
Neoliberalismo elemento de influencia en las políticas públicas de las organizaciones: Caso del Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología en México
Authors: Dimas Thalia Ponce , González Cruz Erik Geovany
Published: November 2021

El neoliberalismo es una ideología presente en América Latina. En este trabajo se retoma la influencia que puede tener el pensamiento neoliberal en el comportamiento del Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT) en México, describiendo este fenómeno en dos momentos distintos de la política mexicana. En un primer momento se habla acerca del neoliberalismo, haciendo hincapié en algunas de sus características y consecuencias. A continuación se habla del CONACYT y las características que tuvo su política en los últimos años del sexenio 2012-2018. Finalmente se expondrán las rutas propuestas para este sexenio (2018-2014). Se concluye señalando elementos ideológicos externos como el neoliberalismo deben ser tomados en cuenta al estudiar el comportamiento de las organizaciones públicas
COVID19 en Chile. Acercamiento a las percepciones y experiencias de la pandemia en medio de una crisis sociopolítica
Authors: Henriquez Encamilla Daniela Michelle , Inostroza Jimenez Yanina Ximena
Published: November 2021

El artículo analiza percepciones y experiencias de la pandemia por COVID19 en Chile en su interrelación con la situación de crisis sociopolítica que vive el país. El análisis se realiza a partir de los resultados de dos levantamientos de información realizados en la Región de Coquimbo y reflexiona acerca de las implicancias de la experiencia del riesgo en un escenario de desconfianza generalizada. Se concluye que la desconfianza se consolida e incluso agudiza, producto de una percepción de desamparo institucional frente a las amenazas de la pandemia, especialmente respecto a las instituciones políticas democráticas.
La doctrina del shock y la acción de gobierno en México: La capacidad de respuesta ante la covid-19 y las dinámicas subnacionales
Authors: Martínez Hernández Aldo Adrián , Martínez José de Jesús Pérez
Published: November 2021

La pandemia ocasionada por el virus SARS-CoV-2 causante de la enfermedad COVID-19 ha sido una catástrofe sanitaria a nivel mundial, lo cual la convierte en un fenómeno que impone un escenario de crisis sostenida y como un momento en el que las políticas públicas han sido reformadas constantemente, especialmente en materia económica y de salud en todos los niveles de gobierno. Este escenario de cambio constante en las políticas públicas a nivel estatal permite revisar cuáles han sido los efectos de dichos cambios en diferentes entidades de la República Mexicana. Para ello, el presente artículo analizará las diferencias y similitudes entre entidades federativas respecto a sus acciones frente a la crisis sanitaria, destacando las principales políticas públicas que fueron implementadas como respuesta emergente a este escenario crítico. Determinando con ello, cuales entidades han sido más o menos afectadas y cuales han manifestado mayor capacidad de respuesta.
Motivational and Ethnocultural Potential of the Concept Water and its Reflections in the Linguistic View of the World in Slavic Nations
Authors:   Comenius University in Bratislava, Dobríková Mária
Published: November 2021

The first part of the article is focused on theoretical side of the process of idiom creation and on defining terms word motivation and idiom motivation. In the second part of the article the concept water is analyzed within the Slavic linguistic area from the aspect of imagery, mythology and ethnolinguistics. Special attention is paid to the motivation of creation and cultural-idiomatic information carried by non-verbal idioms with the structure of determinative syntagma, which contain the component water. Based on the analysis of the idioms, whose constant structural element is in addition to the noun water an attribute, it is pointed out that in several of them the function of the attribute is crucial, because the connotational-pragmatic constituent of an idiom binds precisely to that attribute, as for example in the case of жива вода or тиха вода units.
Verbs and Proposition Phrases as a Model for Describing the Content of Metasubject Competencies in the Perspectives and Expectations of Labor Market Participants
Authors:   Moscow City University, Vesmanov Sergey , Jadko Natalya ,   Moscow City University, Vesmanov Dmitriy ,   Moscow City University, Akopyan Gurgen ,   Moscow City University
Published: November 2021

The article presents results of studying how the labor market participants formulate the perspectives and expectations about the contents of metasubject competencies. The research was carried out in 2019-2020 by the Project Management Laboratory of the Moscow City University and was based on the methodology of the activity approach and qualitative research, using the methods of in-depth interviews and content analysis. Metasubject competencies were considered as a set of purposeful actions expressed in the speech of respondents by verbs (actions) and propositional phrases (goals/subjects). A six-step content analysis of data obtained during an in-depth interview shows that the expectations and perspectives of various categories of labor market participants about the contents of meta-subject competencies can be described by nine enlarged sets of goal-oriented actions denoted by verbs: 1) to adapt, 2) to interact, 3) to speak and write, 4) to achieve, 5) to compete, 6) to present, 7) to design, 8) to manage, 9) to learn. Within each set were defined verbal descriptions of actions, decomposed by adding a goal/object to each action. The results of the study allowed us to identify and present a verb-target model for describing the content of “metasubject competencies” at the conceptual level. At the practical level, the description of the content of metasubject competencies in the form of a verb (action) and propositional phrase (goal/subject of action) allowed us to show them as cross-cutting structural components of educational programs in the education system.
Translating Nonce Words (A Corpus Study Based on a Novel)
Authors:   Konstantin Preslavsky University of Shumen, Nedelcheva Svetlana
Published: November 2021

Translators face different challenges in their everyday work. They have to deal with lexico-semantic, syntactic, pragmatic and cultural problems. This article focuses on John Harding’s novel Florence & Giles where the narrator is the 12-year-old Florence. She has created her own language by distorting words, e.g. nouns and adjectives are turned into verbs, nouns into adjectives, adverbs and prepositions into verbs, etc. These nonce words constitute Florence’s fairly unusual style. Based on a parallel corpus of the original English novel and its Bulgarian translation, this research uses the contrastive method to analyze the intensely concentrated nonce words in the text and their equivalents in Bulgarian.
Diachronic Analysis and Deictic Means of French Benevolences and Curses
Authors:   Azerbaijan University of Languages, Seidova Nargiz
Published: November 2021

Benevolences and curses, integral and authentic part of the discourse, most clearly reflect the culture of people. The use of these expressions in the communication space of different languages indicates the need for their study from the standpoint of linguistics, folklore, stylistics, rhetoric, psychology, cultural studies and other sciences. This article provides diachronic analysis and examines the deictic means of French benevolences and curses in the French language. The material for the study was the texts of the Bible, French epic poems, medieval legends, ballads, tales, and fiction. When considering this topic, the author used both general and special scientific methods and techniques: a historical-etymological method, a descriptive method that includes methods for observing, comparing, interpreting and classifying the material being studied; semantic identification method; distribution method. Comparing the medieval French discourse with the modern French language, the author examined the grammatical and semantic evolution, which underwent benevolences and curses.
Integrating Duolingo for Schools in Third Language Acquisition
Authors:   D. A. Tsenov Academy of Economics, Todorov Petar
Published: November 2021

The article presents the possibilities for integrating an innovative methodology in third language acquisition – Duolingo for schools. The Duolingo language learning platform is one of the leaders in the world with millions of registered users as the access to it is entirely free of charge. The article presents the leading research in the field by emphasizing the fact that none of it is yet to use Duolingo for schools. After dwelling upon Duolingo’s methodology, it is pointed out that Duolingo for schools can be integrated by teachers/lecturers in their syllabi to create a controlled environment. In the context of learning languages by Bulgarians, it is recommended using Duolingo for schools in third language acquisition, as Duolingo does not offer learning Bulgarian, neither can Bulgarian be used to learn another language.
Vienna pedagogium establishment and history
Authors:   Plovdiv University “Paisii Hilendarski”, Ivanova Dimka
Published: November 2021

The establishment of the Viena Pedagogium was in response to the need of more accessible and better education. With its structure, education plans and focus on practice, the Academy became one of the leading educational institutions not only for Austria but for the whole of Europe. A large part of its success was due to its first principal, the great educator Friedrich Dittes famous for his reforms in the field of education. The influence of the Vienna Pedagogium is very significant for Bulgaria due to the fact that ten Bulgarian students successfully graduated from it and used their newly gained knowledge to help build up modern Bulgarian education system after the Liberation of Bulgaria.
A Study of Parents' Readiness to Raise Children with Intellectual Disabilities
Authors:   Kamianets-Podilskyi Ivan Ohiienko National University, Buinyak Maryana , Myronova Svitlana
Published: November 2021

The readiness of parents to raise children with intellectual disabilities is a set of emotional-motivational, cognitive and activity components, the formation of which ensures an adequate attitude of family members to the child and the choice of optimal methods of its upbringing. The article highlights the results of a study of parents’ readiness for family upbringing of children with intellectual disabilities, the research methodology is described, and a detailed analysis of the results is presented. According to the results of the experiment, it was found that a significant part of parents raising child with intellectual disabilities accept the child and its disorders at the psychological level, but they are emotionally depressed that their child has developmental disabilities. The vast majority of parents are not sufficiently aware of the psychological and pedagogical characteristics of their children, the age dynamics of their development. This negatively affects the choice of tactics and methods of education, knowledge about possible problems in learning and further adult life.
Psychological, Pedagogical and Drganizational Peculiarities of the Development of Students’ Volitional Qualities as a Factor of Success in Learning
Authors:   Berdyansk State Pedagogical University, Vientseva Nadiia , Karapetrova Olena ,   University named after Alfred Nobel – Dnipro
Published: November 2021

The article reports the results of the empirical study of the impact of volitional qualities development on the level of academic achievements of higher education institution students. The article gives a theoretical analysis of the main types of volitional qualities that affect the assimilation of educational material by students. There was established the level of their development and the relationship with academic achievements. The article also identifies the main psycho-pedagogical and organizational peculiarities that affect the success of mastering the knowledge by university students. The psychological and pedagogical recommendations for forming, developing and supporting the volitional sphere of students are developed.
Развитие на когнитивни умения чрез компютърни образователни игри
Authors: Терзиева Тодорка
Published: November 2021

В тази статия са представени резултати от проучване относно възможностите на компютърните образователни игри за развитие на различни когнитивни умения на обучаемите. Подчертават се предимствата, които те предлагат в учебния процес. Анализирани са примери за прилагане на игрово базирано обучение от водещи образователни институции в различни етапи от образователния процес. Представен е прототип на образователна игра с няколко интерактивни пъзела, които са предназначени за обучение на ученици по математика и по английски език (изучаване на чужд език). Разработените прототипи може да се прилагат за придобиване на нови знания или за оценяване на придобитите знания и умения в различни предметни области.
Хаос(ът) (Време е за… педагогика)
Authors: Колев Йордан
Published: November 2021

Авторът размишлява за смисъла на човешкия живот и за възможности на образованието относно професионализирането на чувството за социално живеене. Допуска се, че Душата може да е „инструмент“ на самия Живот, който би имал смисъл само в експериментирането със самия себе си в/с/чрез различни движения и форми на материята. Съответно разумното човешко същество търси „чувството“ на своята душа и опознавайки себе си в условията на земния свят, се самоосъвременява, за да ѝ предложи съвършената за нея форма на материята. Вероятно именно хармонията на „съжителството“ им в хаоса на техния вътрешен свят е същинската цел на педагогиката.
Приемна грижа за деца със специални образователни потребности (Поглед на социални работници и студенти педагози)
Authors: Цветанова Вяра
Published: November 2021

Статията представя резултати от проведено анкетно проучване сред социални работници и студенти педагози относно социалната услуга „приемно семейство“ и проблемите на приемните родители при грижа за деца със специални образователни потребности. Пределно ясно е, че готови рецепти за адекватна и актуална социална грижа за тези деца няма. Акцентите в изследването са насочени към подготовката и условията за осъществяване на приемната грижа, разгледана като алтернативна и с висок коефициент на полезност за децата със специални потребности. Очертани са няколко основни проблема на взаимодействието „приемни родители – деца“, както и варианти за решения.
Диагностика на дигитални умения на студенти, в контекста на компютърното моделиране
Authors: Топалска Радослава
Published: November 2021

Въвеждането на нов задължителен учебен предмет „Компютърно моделиране“ (КМ) в началната образователна степен, както и поверяването му в ръцете на началните учители, провокира един от аспектите на тази промяна, а именно подготовката на учители за началния етап за преподаване на този предмет. В настоящото изследване са представени резултати от проучване на дигитални умения на студенти от Факултета по педагогика към Югозападния университет „Неофит Рилски“ – Благоевград. Фокусът пада именно върху трайността на знанията и уменията на респондентите, нужни им за преподаването на учебния предмет „Компютърно моделиране“, за които се предполага, че са придобити по време на средното образование (от завършващите сега ученици съгласно действащите учебни програми) и които са необходими за надграждане в университетското обучение с оглед бъдещото преподаване на този предмет.
DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF NANOPARTICULATE BASED IN-SITU GELLING SYSTEM FOR NASAL DRUG DELIVERY OF AN ANTI-EPILEPTIC DRUG
Authors: Ambavkar A , Desai N. ,   Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz (E), Mumbai - 400 098, Maharashtra, India.
Published: November 2021

The objective of the study was to develop and evaluate nanolipid carriers based in situ gel of Carbamazepine, for brain delivery through intranasal route. The non – invasive nasal route can provide rapid delivery of drugs directly to the central nervous system by bypassing the blood brain barrier. The nanolipid carriers of carbamazepine as in situ nasal gel can prolong the drug release for control of repetitive seizures and were prepared by Phase Inversion Temperature technique. The retention of the carriers in the nasal cavity was improved by using Poloxamer 407 as thermoresponsive and Carbopol 974P as mucoadhesive gelling polymers, respectively. The developed gel was evaluated for particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, morphology, entrapment efficiency, mucoadhesive and thermoresponsive behaviour, in vitro drug release, ex vivo permeation and nasociliotoxicity. The gel showed sustained release over prolonged periods and was found to be non-toxic to the sheep nasal mucosa.
VALIDATED RP-HPLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION AND QUANTIFICATION OF RESERPINE AND GALLIC ACID IN AN AYURVEDIC FORMULATION
Authors: Adhyapak A. A , Jadhav A. P ,   Department of Quality Assurance, Bharati Vidyapeeth's College of Pharmacy, Sector-8, C.B.D. Belapur, Navi Mumbai - 400 614, Maharashtra, India.
Published: November 2021

A simple, precise, accurate and robust RP-HPLC method was developed and validated for simultaneous estimation of reserpine and gallic acid in an ayurvedic formulation. The two markers were resolved using a C-18 column make Hemochrom Instil using the mobile phase acetonitrile: water (pH 5.6 adjusted using orthophosphoric acid) in the ratio 75:25 V/V at a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min. Retention times of reserpine and gallic acid were 8.178 ± 0.2 minutes and 2.527 ± 0.2 minutes respectively, at 229 nm. The developed method was validated on the basis of ICH Q2 (R1) guidelines. The developed method was applied for quantification of markers in marketed formulation, Cardostab tablet.
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERISATION AND ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITYOF SOME NEWLY SYNTHESISED POLYSUBSTITUTED PYRAZOLES
Authors: Kumar A. , Singh C. P. ,   Research Divison, Department of Chemistry, Sahu Jain College, Najibabad - 246 763, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Published: November 2021

A novel series of polysubstituted pyrazoles were synthesised by the cyclization of (α phenoxy/octyl) acetyl aryl hydrazones in presence of formic acid, by refluxing (α-phenoxy/octyl) acetic acid hydrazide and substituted aryl aldehyde, using C2H5OH as solvent. The newly synthesised compounds were characterised by IR, 1H NMR spectra and also screened for their promising biological activity i.e. antifungal activity.
QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE - ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIP STUDIES OF SOME BENZIMIDAZOLE ANALOGUES BASING ON PARTIAL LEAST SQUARES METHOD
Authors: Sharma M. C , Kohli D. V. ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. H.S. Gour University, Sagar - 470 003, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Published: November 2021

Quantitative structure-activity relationship studies on benzimidazole derivatives as angiotensin II receptor were performed to explore the structural requirements for biologic activity. QSAR model obtained was statistically significant with r2 value of 0.8847, cross validated correlation coefficient q2 value of 0.7538 and pred_r2 value of 0. 8135, coefficient of correlation of predicted data set (pred_r2se) 0.5487 was developed by stepwise PLSR method. The observed activity of these molecules was consistent with the model, suggesting that the model may be useful in the design of potent antihypertensive agents.
Some issues of the legal regulation of the conditions for serving the sentence of juvenile convicts in educational colonies
Authors: Алфимова Ольга Александровна
Published: November 2021

В статье освещается правовая регламентация условий отбывания наказания несовершеннолетними осужденными в воспитательных колониях. Правовой институт изменения условий отбывания наказания является одним из основных средств дифференциации исполнения наказания в виде лишения свободы. Он призван стимулировать правопослушное поведение несовершеннолетних осужденных. Но эффективная реализация данного института затрудняется по причине имеющихся на сегодняшний день недостатков как на уровне действующего законодательства, так и правоприменения. Не вполне ясна позиция законодателя относительно запрета на проведение длительных свиданий на строгих условиях отбывания наказания несовершеннолетним осужденным в ВК. Представляется, что в данном случае закон необоснованно строг к несовершеннолетним осужденным.

This article covers the legal regulation of the conditions for serving a sentence by juvenile convicts in educational colonies. The legal institute for changing the conditions of serving a sentence is one of the main means of differentiating the execution of a sentence of deprivation of liberty. It is intended to stimulate the right-wing behaviour of underage convicts. But the effective implementation of this institution is hampered by the current shortcomings both at the level of the current legislation and at the level of law enforcement. The position of the legislator on the prohibition of long visits on strict conditions of serving the sentence of juvenile convicts in the educational colonies is not quite clear. In this case, it appears that the law is unduly strict on juvenile convicts.
Execution of sentences, definitions and decisions - the final stage of criminal proceedings
Authors: Диваев Александр Борисович
Published: November 2021

Представленная статья посвящена природе такого вида процессуальной деятельности, как обращение приговоров, определений и постановлений по уголовным делам. Традиционно в теории уголовного процесса она рассматривается как элемент стадии исполнения приговора, наряду с деятельностью по рассмотрению вопросов, связанных с его исполнением. Такой подход подвергнут критике. В исследовании приведены аргументы в обоснование того, что содержание стадии исполнения приговора составляет исключительно деятельность по обращению приговора к исполнению, сущность которой значительно отличается от деятельности по разрешению вопросов, связанных с его исполнением, образующей отдельное дополнительное уголовно-процессуальное производство.

The article is devoted to the nature of this type of procedural activity as the execution of sentences, definitions and decisions in criminal cases. Traditionally, in the theory of criminal procedure, it is considered as an element of the stage of execution of a sentence, along with the activity of considering issues related to its execution. This approach has been criticized. The study provides arguments in support of the fact that the content of the stage of execution of the sentence is exclusively the activity of applying the sentence to execution, the essence of which is significantly different from the activity of resolving issues related to its execution, which forms a separate additional criminal procedure proceedings.
Problematic aspects of the use of penitentiary information in the process of disclosure and investigation of crimes
Authors: Кремлев Максим Владимирович
Published: November 2021

Автор, основываясь на ранее проведенных исследованиях, определяет место и роль пенитенциарной информации в процессе раскрытия и расследования преступлений. Указывается, что пенитенциарная информация превращается в процессуальную и, соответственно, в доказательственную посредством поэтапного прохождения через комплекс действий, облеченных в формы пенитенциарного, оперативно-розыскного и процессуального законодательства. Устанавливаются наиболее уязвимые места с точки зрения содержательного наполнения и процессуального оформления получаемых в рамках режимной деятельности сведений. Таковыми выступают места «сочленения» видов деятельности. Основой для подобного рода высказывания выступает разница в нормативном регулировании, в сменяемости и целеполагании исполнителей, а также их представлении о критериях успешности выполненной работы. В качестве подтверждения выдвинутого тезиса приводится пример из правоохранительной практики использования пенитенциарной информации в процессе доказывания, имеющий негативные последствия. Предлагаются направления совершенствования получения пенитенциарной информации с целью усиления ее доказательственного потенциала.

In this article, the author, based on previous research determines the place and role of penitentiary information in the process of disclosure and investigation of crimes. It is specified that penitentiary information turns into procedural and, accordingly, into proofs by means of step-by-step passing through a complex of actions exposed in forms of the penitentiary, operational-search and procedural legislation. The most vulnerable places from the point of view of substantial filling and procedural registration of the data received within regime activity are established. These are the places of “articulation” of activities. It is concluded that the basis for this kind of statement is the difference in regulatory regulation, in the turnover and goal-setting of performers, as well as their representation of the criteria for the success of the work performed. As a confirmation of the proposed thesis, an example from the law enforcement practice of using penitentiary information in the process of proving having negative consequences is given. Directions of improvement of receiving penitentiary information for the purpose of strengthening of its evidentiary potential are offered.
Women as law officers and concluded in the criminal justice system
Authors: Кунц Елена Владимировна
Published: November 2021

В статье подвергаются анализу криминологические особенности осужденных женщин, отбывающих наказание в виде лишения свободы. Обращается внимание на то, что рост криминальной активности женщин связан с ухудшением условий их жизнедеятельности. Анализируется структура преступлений, совершенных женщинами, осужденными к лишению свободы. Отмечается, что действующая система исполнения уголовного наказания в виде лишения свободы не в полной мере основывается на гендерном подходе, связанном с учетом особенностей личности осужденной женщины, причинами совершения ею преступлений. Констатируется необходимость учета этих особенностей в уголовно-исполнительной политике в отношении осужденных к лишению свободы.

Women and their place and role in the criminal justice system are of great importance in crime prevention. When analyzing the situation of women in the criminal justice system, particular attention should be paid to a number of aspects, in particular: 1) women as offenders and prisoners; 2) women as victims and victims; 3) women in the criminal justice system; 4) research and policy issues. As part of the administration of justice, women traditionally have a marginal status and are assigned a marginal position in society and in relation to legal systems, which leads often enough so that their specific needs are also considered marginal. It should be recognized that the criminal justice system for the most part is focused on the male half of society and men dominate in them and gender issues are not clearly expressed. This scientific article to some extent makes up for the problem of women as offenders and prisoners.
Signs characterizing the person occupying the highest position in criminal hierarchy
Authors: Сенатов Александр Викторович
Published: November 2021

В связи с изменениями, внесенными Федеральным законом Российской Федерации от 01.04.2019 № 46-ФЗ «О внесении изменений в Уголовный кодекс Российской Федерации и Уголовно-процессуальный кодекс Российской Федерации в части противодействия организованной преступности» в уголовном законодательстве появилась ст. 210, предусматривающая уголовную ответственность за занятие высшего положения в преступной иерархии. Данное преступление имеет специальный субъект, обладающий дополнительными признаками, которые должны быть закреплены в законе. Однако в уголовном законодательстве, а также постановлениях Пленума Верховного суда Российской Федерации отсутствует определение данного понятия, а также признаки, в соответствии с которыми необходимо привлечь лицо к уголовной ответственности. В статье проанализированы научные определения «преступная иерархия», «иерархическая лестница уголовно-преступной среды», лицо, занимающее высшее положение в преступной иерархии, а также выделены конкретные признаки, характеризующие специальный субъект, закрепленный ст. 210 УК РФ. Рассматривается опыт борьбы с организованной преступностью в Республике Грузия, а также материалы следственной практики в отношении лица, привлекаемого к уголовной ответственности по признакам состава преступления, предусмотренного ст. 210 УК РФ.

Due to the changes made by the Federal law of the Russian Federation of 01.04.2009 No. 46-FZ “On modification of the criminal code of the Russian Federation and the Criminal procedure code of the Russian Federation regarding counteraction of organized crime” to the criminal legislation there was Art. 210 providing criminal liability for occupation of the highest position in criminal hierarchy. This crime has a special subject with additional features that must be enshrined in the law. However, in the criminal legislation, as well as the decisions of the Plenum of the Supreme court of the Russian Federation, there is no definition of this concept, as well as signs according to which it is necessary to bring a person to criminal responsibility. The article analyzes the scientific definitions of “criminal hierarchy”, “hierarchical ladder of criminal environment”, the person occupying the highest position in the criminal hierarchy, as well as the specific features, fixed Art. 210 of the Criminal Code. The article also discusses the experience of combating organized crime in the Republic of Georgia, as well as materials of investigative practice in relation to a person brought to criminal responsibility on the grounds of a crime under Art. 210 of the Criminal Code.