bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REFRACTION OF THE IDEA OF IMAGINARY SPACES AND SUPRA-INDIVIDUAL MYTHS OF P.A. FLORENSKY IN THE WORKS OF THE WRITERS AT THE TURN OF THE 20TH CENTURY
Authors: ANASTASYEVA I.L.
Published: September 2023

Despite the fact that the main ideas of P.A. Florensky were formulated more than a hundred years ago, they remain relevant to this day. Their great influence on his contemporary writers is therefore obvious. Among those, we are primarily interested in writers such as D.S. Merezhkovsky, whose work is largely congruent with the religious tenets of the philosopher, and M.A. Bulgakov, who dedicated his “cherished novel” to Yeshua Ha-Notsri, but was not considered a religious writer either in the 30s of the 20th century, or today. It is known that the two pillars of Pavel Florensky’s work were religion and mathematics, but he wasn’t the pioneer of the idea of a scientific approach to the study of the foundations of Christianity; even Nicholas of Cusa, a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church, a theologian and mathematician of the 15th century, was sure that it was possible to learn to understand the grand design with the help of the exact sciences. The report attempts to reveal the manifestation (consonance) of the ideas formulated by P.A. Florensky in his books “Imaginaries in Geometry” and “Iconostasis” in the works of D. Merezhkovsky and M. Bulgakov.
CONFORMISM AND NONCONFORMISM IN THE SOCIOCULTURAL SPACE OF GREAT BRITAIN IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19TH AND EARLY 20TH CENTURIES (A CASE STUDY OF “THE FORSYTE SAGA” BY J. GALSWORTHY)
Authors: LABUNOVA Anna S.
Published: September 2023

The sociocultural space of the UK, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, was in a state of flux. During the time, the norms and values of two different epochs were in sharp conflict, bringing to light such phenomena as conformism and nonconformism. In “The Forsyte Saga”, John Galsworthy masterfully described the interaction between people from different social classes and their different mindsets. Strict compliance with acceptable norms and values, in the case of “The Forsyte Saga”, is what conformism refers to. Nonconformism refers to the struggle for freedom, love and happiness. It was a revolution against the ethos of the Forsytes, an ethos based on cold calculations and a need for profit. Based on the analysis of this phenomenon, the dynamics of the development of society can be traced. The Victorian era faded into the past. The Forsytes, the embodiment of the passing era, were the representatives of a society in which there was nothing more important than an impeccable reputation and a stable income. The new era belonged to those who put family, art and beauty above money and public opinion. Their aim was to determine the basis of a new sociocultural space.
A CASE FOR EMPHATIC PARTICLES IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE
Authors: BORISOVA Elena G. , IVANOVA Anna M.
Published: September 2023

The article investigates the issue of whether emphatic particles exist in the English language as well as looks into the ways of distinguishing these particles from similar phenomena including discourse markers and function words. Though particles cannot always be easily identified among other parts of speech, emphatic particles are quite distinct from other types of particles presented in grammar studies - structural, negative or adverbial ones - as well as discourse markers. To clarify the point, the authors dwell on the emphatic particles of the Russian language in order to highlight their main purpose - they help the speaker convey the full message to the addressee without adding any semantic connotations to an utterance. Thus, emphatic particles, along with other discursive elements, are used by the speaker to carry out a complex and multidimensional operation of controlling the understanding of the text on the part of the addressee. As emphatic particles fall into three functional classes - attention markers, background information markers, topic and focus markers - the paper provides a frame for presenting their semantic composition in lexicographic sources. Another objective is to distinguish between discourse markers, discourse particles and emphatic particles in the English language. As various languages prefer different parts of speech as the source of producing particles (prepositions, adverbs, interjections, etc.), there is great terminological variability in the number and purpose of particles used in communication. The findings reveal that in the English language words that are not essentially emphatic particles, such as adverbials or compound discourse particles derived from idiomatic word combinations, often perform the emphatic function. The outcome of the research proves the hypothesis that the English words ‘just’, ‘simply’ and some others are equal to Russian emphatic particles.
LITERARY FRANCOPHONIA AND THE BORDER PHENOMENON: EVOLUTION OF VIEWPOINTS
Authors: KRYUKOVA Olga A.
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to one of the relevant problems of understanding francophonie - the consideration of this phenomenon as a special literary field, where several texts in different languages (one of which is French) coexist. Francophone literature outside of France emerged as an independent phenomenon in the middle of the 20th century (with the exception of the province of Quebec and the historical francophone areas, such as - Switzerland, Belgium) and the study of these literatures has its own history. The purpose of the study is to consider several approaches to interpreting the problems of French-language literatures that are formed at the intersection of cultures. The article gives a brief overview of the concepts and theories used in the context of literary francophonie: the traditional “center-periphery” dichotomy, the concept of cultural miscegenation, post-colonial discourse and the theory of creolization. The research describes such markers of the borderland as the representation of a mestizo identity by French-speaking authors, the poetics of postmodernism, and the hybridity of the language code. The conclusion is made about the inextricable connection of French-language literary texts that exist on the border of two worldviews - “one’s own” and “alien”, simultaneously with the local and world literary heritage, as well as the relationship between the postmodern concept and postcolonial studies.
LINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL VALUES OF PR COMMUNICATION AT THE CANCEL CULTURE TIME
Authors: MINYAR-BELOROUCHEVA A.P. , SERGIENKO P.I.
Published: September 2023

The article discusses linguistic and cultural values at the time of “cancel culture” within PR communications framework. The relevance of the research is determined by the need to trace the logical development of Political Correctness, the socio-cultural policy of Postmodernism, aimed at the transformation of the language and likewise the mode of thinking and lifestyle. Cancel culture is a policy of intimidation of all those who disagree with the abolition of traditional and the introduction of new universal values of the collective West, aimed at people’s dehumanization. The objective of this work is to identify the features of PR communication technologies aimed at shaping new ideas in society. The novelty of the research is determined by an attempt to characterize new values formation features of the Anglo-Saxon mentality that affect the whole world. The research methodology is based on the academic achievements in studying language, culture and spiritual and moral values, analysed from the philosophical and linguistic views. The research methods consist in the analysis and synthesis of the material on the chosen topic and its philological analysis. The study reveals that the social and cultural processes taking place in the Western world are aimed at completely replacing traditional values rooted in world religions, which may pose a threat to the rest of the world. The search for new values that are currently observed in modern society is directly related to the shift of paradigms.
THE PROPER NAME MEANING STRUCTURE: INFORMATION VARIATIONS
Authors: ROBUSTOVA V.V.
Published: September 2023

This article is devoted to the study of the structure of the extralinguistic meaning of a proper name, the layers of information that it includes and the circumstances for their actualization. Onym possesses both linguistic and non-linguistic aspects of meaning, which makes possible the development and dynamics of information represented by the non-linguistic component of meaning. In its structure, archetypal, mythological, religious, scientific, historical, geographical, sociocultural, literary and aesthetic types of information are distinguished, the actualization of which depends both on the context of the use of a proper name and on the background knowledge of the recipient. The existence of several information layers in the structure of the meaning of the onym is analyzed from the standpoint of the theory of spiral development of the meaning of the proper name. The cumulative function of onomastic units and their ability to act as components of cultural memory, representative of the cultural and historical heritage is emphasized. The analysis of the functioning of proper names in a popular science text is illustrated with the examples from the work of Lynne Truss “Eats, Shoots & Leaves”. The interpretive potential of onyms is analyzed, the specifics of dynamics of certain information is singled out in the structure of the meaning of a name in order to achieve the goal of communication both from the point of view of transmitting a certain message, and from the point of view of the expressiveness of the use of linguistic material, which is underlined with the help of the ironic function as realized in it.
EVALUATION OF LOSSES AT THE PRIMARY PRODUCTION STAGE OF EDIBLE CARROTS
Authors: Bieniek-Majka Maryla
Published: September 2023

The aim of the article is to present the magnitude of losses at the stage of primary edible carrot production and to indicate directions for redistributing production waste. The study included producers of edible carrots located in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, whose average yield size in the years 2019-2021 corresponded to 15% of the total yield collected in the voivodeship and approximately 2.4% in the country. Based on expert interviews and commercial documentation analysis, it was found that, due to high customer demands regarding the appearance of carrots (cosmetic standards), on average, only about 44% of the weight of calibrated carrots intended for sale constituted the mass of the harvested raw material. Approximately 7% was allocated to processing plants, and around 26% of the raw material mass was used for animal feed. The remaining portion of the harvest represented production losses (19%) and fuel for biogas plants (4%). In order to reduce production losses, primarily resulting from the depreciation of items solely based on their appearance, recipients (e.g., retail chains) should enable producers to deliver less visually appealing raw materials with corresponding price discounts. It is also crucial to raise awareness among customers through educational and promotional efforts, emphasizing the equal nutritional value of raw materials regardless of their appearance (straight, curved, thicker, thinner). This will increase both the product’s availability to the public and production efficiency for the producer.
RETURN ON EQUITY IN POLISH DAIRY FARMS DIFFERENTIATED BY SCALE OF PRODUCTION FROM 2005 TO 2020
Authors: Parzonko Andrzej
Published: September 2023

The main aim of the article is to present changes in the return on equity as one of the main financial indicators determining the economic rationality of dairy farms. The subject of analysis was Polish farms specialised in milk production, differentiated by economic size, separated within the FADN system in the years 2005-2020. Du Pont analysis was applied to assess changes in the economic efficiency of dairy farms. The research shows that the return on equity in Polish dairy farms was higher in the years 2005-2007 than in the years 2008-2020. There was also a close correlation in the return on equity, irrespective of the economic size of Polish dairy farms, with the situation on the world milk market. The widely accepted fact among agricultural economists that an important determinant of the return on equity on dairy farms is the scale of milk production was confirmed. Farms in the group characterised by the largest economic size (from 100 to 500 thousand euro) in 2009-2020 were characterised by the highest return on equity. In 2020, this indicator in this group was 2.4 times higher than in the group of farms with an economic size of between 8 and 25 thousand euro.
UNCONSUMED FOOD CONCERNS: THE CASE OF THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
Authors: Florkowski Wojciech J. , Kaya Ozgur , Contu Davide
Published: September 2023

The article identifies factors influencing consumer attitudes with regard to unconsumed food in the wealthy economy of the United Arab Emirates (UAE), where the vast majority of the population are transient residents. The estimated regression coefficients were used to calculate the marginal effects, which measure change in probability of attitude towards the unconsumed food. The study applied the survey data collected from 1,542 UAE residents. The respondents included individuals representing 70 nationalities – transient residents of the UAE, mostly Filipinos (26%) and citizens of India (20%), and the UAE nationals (11%). Results show that persons showing most frequently concern about unconsumed food are women, older, college educated, and high income. Additionally, those concerned were also the long-term residents of the UAE as well as the supporters of investment in renewable energy. The sole factor that was associated with lower probability of being concerned about unconsumed food was the number of owned cars (on average 2.7 cars per household).
IS THE HUMAN CAPITAL OF RURAL AREAS DIVERSIFIED? A TYPOLOGICAL APPROACH FOR THE COMMUNES OF THE ZACHODNIOPOMORSKIE VOIVODESHIP
Authors: Klonowska-Matynia Maria
Published: September 2023

The article is empirical in nature, it aims to analyze and evaluate the differences in the spatial distribution and internal structure of human capital in rural areas of the Zachodniopomorskie Voivodeship. The spatial analysis was carried out at the gminas level in Poland, total 2,172 objects, including 103 from the Zachodniopomorskie Voivodeship. The Central Statistical Office Local Data Bank, OKE, Foundation EFRWP were the main data source. The subject of the analysis was the index of the general level of human capital (WSKL) – a synthetic measure expressing the essence of human capital in five components of its structure, i.e. the labor market, education, health, innovation and social wealth. The study used a The taxonomic method of hierarchization (non-model) and classification of multi-feature objects were used in the study. The exploration of the structure of human capital resources in rural areas in the Zachodniopomorskie Voivodship was carried out based on the author’s typology of rural areas for Poland. The research results allow to conclude that the level of human capital in rural areas of the Zachodniopomorskie Voivodship is low, and the region as a whole is an area of human capital deficit. The structure of human capital is very unfavorable, which is a serious barrier to the development of both local communities and the region as a whole.
STATE, AGRICULTURE AND AGRICULTURAL INTERVENTIONS – MUTUAL RELATIONSHIPS
Authors: Zmyślona Jagoda , Sadowski Arkadiusz
Published: September 2023

This paper analyzes mutual relationships between the institution of the state, agriculture, and agricultural interventions. It primarily adopts a historical (retrospective) approach, starting by identifying the socioeconomic importance of agriculture, and then moving to the relationships between agriculture and the state. The final section focuses on the importance of state interventionism in agriculture, taking into consideration both historical events and specific (mostly environmental) challenges of the present. The authors relied on the relevant literature on agricultural interventionism and on mutual relationships between the state and agriculture. Despite a number of deficiencies, it is essential for the state to be actively involved in the agricultural sector. The regulatory activities carried out include not only the real impact on agricultural production (its volume and quality), but also affect issues of agriculture’s impact on the environment and social life. By assuring basic security, the state enables the emergence of farming innovations which are a necessary driver of agricultural development, which, moreover, must be conditioned by the unknown environmental problems present in the past. Moreover, the production and distribution of food alone represents one of the fundamental dimensions of security and is a guarantor of full economic growth.
CHANGES IN THE CONSUMPTION OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS AND PESTICIDES IN POLAND AND UKRAINE – COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: Matyka Mariusz
Published: September 2023

Ukraine has very good natural conditions for agricultural production and year by year it is becoming an increasingly important producer in Europe and the World. Poland, despite worse natural conditions and more than three times smaller area of utilization agricultural area, is also an important producer in the EU. The current geopolitical situation requires comparative analyzes of numerous aspects of the agricultural potential of Poland and Ukraine. They are necessary for utilitarian reasons and provide a scientific basis for making political decisions of a strategic nature, especially in relation to agricultural policy. Therefore, the purpose of the paper is to compare the trends of changes and the current state in the consumption of mineral fertilizers and pesticides in Polish and Ukrainian agriculture. The material for analysis was statistical data from the FAO. The analysis covers the years 1992-2020. The consumption of mineral NPK fertilizers and pesticides in Poland and Ukraine in the years 1992-2020 varied both in terms of the level, dynamics and directions of changes. The consumption of mineral fertilizers in the analyzed period was higher in Poland than in Ukraine. On the other hand, the use of pesticides in most years was higher in Ukraine than in Poland. However, since 2015, this regularity has changed and therefore the consumption of pesticides in Poland is higher than in Ukraine. Considering the outlined trends in the consumption of mineral fertilizers and plant protection products, it should be pointed out that Ukraine will strengthen its position as the leading food producer in the world. In this case, it will be a big challenge for Poland and the entire EU, which should be the subject of further scientific analyses.
DIRECTIONS OF CHANGES IN THE EXPENDITURE OF POLAND’S AGRICULTURAL BUDGET DURING THE PERIOD OF GOVERNMENTS OF SUBSEQUENT COALITIONS IN 2010-2023
Authors: Czyżewski Andrzej , Matuszczak Anna , Kata Ryszard
Published: September 2023

The purpose of the article was to indicate the directions of changes that occurred in the expenditures of the Polish agricultural budget in 2010-2023 in quantitative terms. The period adopted for analysis is interesting in that it covers successive coalition governments in Poland. The subject of the study was budget expenditures on agriculture in Poland, broken down into expenditures from the national budget (excluding the Agricultural Social Insurance Fund – ASIF, and with it) and the Budget of European Measures (BEE), taking into account Poland’s total budget expenditures, as well as GDP. The source of empirical materials was data from the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development. An analysis of the structure and dynamics of nominal volumes, as well as those adjusted for inflation (CPI, constant prices of 2023), was applied. The research shows that during the period under analysis, there was a relatively persistent trend of real decrease in the level of total agricultural budget expenditures. The reduction in these expenditures concerned both the volume of domestic and EU funds. The relationship of the agricultural budget to the total budget and GDP also deteriorated significantly. This proves the declining importance of agriculture in the hierarchy of state budget expenditures in the long term and that the agricultural sector in Poland does not benefit proportionally from the effects of GDP growth. These unfavorable trends for agriculture have been somewhat halted in the last two years. If it were not for the financial support from the WBE (which, unfortunately, is also declining), sectoral disparities in the distribution of funds from national income would have grown even more pronounced. The rank of real expenditures on ASIF in the state budget expenditures is also successively decreasing.
RENURE – PROCESSED NATURAL FERTILIZERS. SELECTED ENVIRONMENTAL, PRODUCTION-ECONOMIC ISSUES
Authors: Wrzaszcz Wioletta , Sobierajewska Jolanta
Published: September 2023

The aim of the paper is to present the essence of natural fertilizers in the form of RENURE, taking into account environmental and production-economic issues. For several decades, international programs and strategies for sustainable development have been implemented. The need to achieve various objectives in business activity is also underlined by the European Green Deal strategy, introduced at the end of 2019. An important element of it is the correct management of natural fertilizers, both for environmental and production and economic reasons. The case of the Netherlands was presented, where pilot studies on the conversion of manure into RENURE were introduced. The study used literature sources and selected, recent statistics from Eurostat resources (2019, 2020). Agriculture in EU countries in the context of production and possibilities of using natural fertilizers is illustrated. Analysis of statistical data has shown that agriculture in the EU is highly diversified in terms of manure management. The case of the Netherlands, which has implemented the RENURE pilot program, results from the specificity of their agriculture – a small area of the country, a very high population and a high stocking density of livestock. Countries that face similar agricultural challenges as the Netherlands can seek similar solutions. In the case of Polish, which differs significantly in terms of the organisation of agriculture and its natural management conditions, the economic and environmental justification for the introduction of RENURE is not justified on a sector-wide scale.
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE OFFER OF POLISH EDUCATIONAL FARMS
Authors: Zawadka Jan , Gabryjończyk Piotr , Krzyżanowska Krystyna
Published: September 2023

The article aimed to present the offer of educational farms associated with the National Network of Educational Farms (NNEF), including the number of educational programs and the topics of classes, proposals for the provision of accommodation and food services, and addressees of the educational offer. The analysis was based on the information published on the website www.zagrodaedukacyjna.pl, expertise, and information materials of the Agricultural Advisory Center in Brwinów Branch in Kraków, and scientific literature. The research observation covered 297 entities operating in July 2023 throughout Poland. The conducted research shows that the subject of educational activities carried out in farms associated with NNEF was very diverse. Issues related to nature, agriculture, and farming activities as well as traditional food dominated. Many farms dealt with issues related to the cultural heritage of the region or the development of ecological awareness and sensitivity. The vast majority of educational farms also offered recreational activities. It is worth emphasizing that education carried out in homesteads has many didactic and educational values, and can perfectly complement educational activities in kindergartens and education in primary and secondary schools.
New regulations on the sale and supply of digital services and digital content in consumer turnover (I)
Authors: Ostrowski Heronim
Published: September 2023

The first part of the article describes how the Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council (EU) 2019/771 of May 20, 2019 on certain aspects of contracts for the sale of goods, amending Regulation (EU) 2017/2394 and Directive 2009/22/EC and repealing Directive 1999/44/EC was transposed into Polish legislation. The obligation related to the implementation of the aforementioned directive, which is of a maximum nature, forced a return to the concept of seller's liability for non-conformity of goods with the contract, which was in force in consumer trade until December 24, 2014. De lege lata, the provisions on guarantee for defects of goods contained in Civil Code will not apply to contracts for the sale of goods that are movables concluded between a consumer and a businessman. The paper describes which regulations have worsened and which have improved the position of consumers purchasing goods from entrepreneurs. The second part of the study will address the implementation into Polish law of Directive 2019/770 of the European Parliament and of the Council (EU) of May 20, 2019 on certain aspects of contracts for the supply of digital content and services, which regulates the rights and obligations of entrepreneurs and consumers who are parties to contracts for the supply of digital content or services for the provision of digital content or digital services.
Impact of the Amendment of 14 April 2023 in the Field of Bankruptcy Law on the Debt Collection Function of Bankruptcy Proceedings
Authors: Wołowski Przemysław
Published: September 2023

The publication analyses the impact of the amendment to the bankruptcy law on the basis of the Act of 14 April 2023 on Amending the Act on Investment Funds and Management of Alternative Investment Funds, the Act on Bonds, the Act on the Bank Guarantee Fund, the Deposit Guarantee Scheme and Compulsory Restructuring, and some other acts, on the debt collection function of the bankruptcy law. Article 8 of the Act of 14 April 2013 modifies institutions of the bankruptcy law, insolvency and the order of satisfying creditors. The correct formation of these institutions is vital for the implementation of the debt collection function of the bankruptcy law. Therefore, the debt collection function was first characterized. Then, the institution of insolvency, the order of satisfying creditors and the normative modifications of these institutions introduced by the amendment in question and their impact on the debt collection function of the bankruptcy law have been analysed. The publication also discusses changes to the scope bankruptcy proceedings in respect of banks and cooperative savings and credit funds.
THE ARMENIAN CONFISCATION LAW OF 2020CONSIDERING THE EUROPEAN STANDARDS
Authors: Kierzynka Rafał
Published: September 2023

The subject of this paper is a synthetic presentation of the basic standards of the Council of Europe on the criminal measure of confiscation of property, notably its extended forms. Due to the considerable severity of this mechanism and the potential violations of fundamental rights that might result from it, extended confiscation has repeatedly been the subject of ECtHR jurisprudence. The text presents the conclusions drawn from the basic rulings of the Strasbourg Court in this regard. Against this background, the author presents the essential elements of the extended confiscation system recently adopted in Armenia. A comparison of these models leads to the conclusion that the Armenian model goes far beyond the standards of the Council of Europe, which raises doubts about its compatibility with the body of human rights, as decoded in the ECHR and articulated by the ECtHR. The author attempts to predict the possible consequences of such a confrontation.
The domestic jurisdiction and the applicable law in the provision of electronic services by entrepreneurs in the Member States of the European Union and in the United Kingdom
Authors: Sikoń Barbara
Published: September 2023

The main purpose of this article is to answer the question of how, in accordance with currently applicable law, to correctly determine the domestic jurisdiction and the applicable law in the event of pursuing claims for non-performance or improper performance of the obligation during providing electronic services by entrepreneurs in the Member States of the European Union and the United Kingdom. This essay uses a division into contractual relations between entrepreneurs and contractual relations between entrepreneurs and consumers, which has its justification in connection with the subjective scope of the relevant regulations regulating this issue. This study focuses on discussing the regulations contained in Regulation (EC) No. 593/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 June 2008 on the law applicable to contractual obligations (Rome I), Regulation (EC) No. 864 of the European Parliament and of the Council /2007 of 11 July 2007 on the law applicable to non-contractual obligations (Rome II) and Regulation (EU) No 1215/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 December 2012 on jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil matters and trade (Brussels I). The thesis of the article is the assumption that the current regulations satisfactorily take into account the interests of consumers as the weaker party to the legal relationship. The possibility of choosing the national jurisdiction and the applicable law in the case of contracts between entrepreneurs for the provision of electronic services is positive and corresponds well with the principle of freedom of economic activity and the principle of freedom to conclude contracts was evaluated positively. This solution corresponds well with the principle of freedom of economic activity and the principle of freedom to conclude contracts. This article also refers to the jurisprudence of the European and Polish courts regarding the issue of establishing domestic jurisdiction and the choice of applicable law. The study also discusses notions relevant to its subject, such as national jurisdiction, jurisdiction of the court, directing activities, providing electronic services.
ECONOMIC SITUATION OF FARMS IN POLAND ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE FADN SAMPLE IN 2018-2022
Authors: Podstawka Marian
Published: September 2023

The purpose of the study is to assess the economic situation of FADN farms, 2018-2022. The assessment was made in agricultural types such as field crops, horticultural crops, permanent crops, dairy cows, livestock, pigs, poultry, mixed. The period under study is characterized by an increase in the price of agricultural inputs. It turns out that FADN farms, despite this, did not record a reduction in their nominal income between 2018 and 2022. Poultry farms fared best in this regard. Nominal incomes above parity were achieved by farms classified as agricultural types: horticultural crops, dairy cows and pigs. Parity income was not achieved by FADN farms engaged in: field crops, grassland animals and mixed farming. The highest economic efficiency, in the surveyed years 2018-2022, was characterized by poultry farms, as evidenced by the almost 77% relationship between operating inflows and operating outflows. Pig farms achieved this type of relationship, in the years under study, at almost 70%. Equally high economic efficiency was obtained by horticultural farms, among which the analogous relation in the years under study was almost 64%. Relatively the weakest economic efficiency was achieved by farms engaged in permanent crops, the ratio of payments to operating disbursements, in this case, was about 45%.
The Right to be Offline: Notes on the Background of the Existing and Proposed Regulations. Part I: Solutions in Selected European Countries
Authors: Gawełko-Bazan Katarzyna
Published: September 2023

Statutory acts introducing working time standards and the control of their observance were among the first pieces of labour legislation enacted in European countries. In recent years, changes in the organisation of work caused by new technologies have been increasingly pointed out in international, European and national contexts, resulting in a blurring of the boundaries between working time and rest time. The need for regulation in this area has been recognised in various European legislations. It is therefore worth considering whether, and if so, any of them may serve as a model for a future regulation of this issue under the Polish law. The first part of the article presents a few selected solutions adopted in European countries such as France, Spain, Belgium, Portugal and Italy.
The Slotting Fee
Authors: Ziółkowska-Majkowska Aleksandra
Published: September 2023

According to Article 15(1)(4) of the Act on Combating Unfair Competition, it is an act of unfair competition to obstruct other entrepreneurs’ access to the market, in particular by charging fees other than the trade margin for accepting goods for sale. The purpose of this article is to present concerns related to the aforementioned provision in the light of the jurisprudence of Polish courts and to assess whether the current legal framework provides uniform grounds for classifying slotting fees as part of the trade margin for accepting goods for sale.
In Search of Shared Environmental Principles
Authors: Kwaśniewski Jerzy
Published: September 2023

The growing role of international and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) from the Global North in defining global environmental policies brings into question the effectiveness of top down management and the position of the underrepresented Global South. The few attempts that have been made to include diverse cultural and religious perspectives into policymaking models, led mostly by the United Nations, have resulted in simplifications and were often driven by a ‘civilizational standard’ approach that has finally produced non-deliberative processes aimed solely at securing the support of the Global South for arbitrarily decided global policies.Change may be brought about by the developing Third World Approaches to International Law (TWAIL) compatible with the Abu Dhabi Declaration, signed by Pope Francis and the Grand Imam of Al-Azhar, developed at a religious level in Fratelli Tutti and Laudato Si encyclicals, followed by intercultural, bottom-up cooperation, inclusive to religious argumentation.This article recommends deliberative involvement of diverse religious traditions to produce new incentives for bottom-up development of multicentric policy concerning the environmental crisis in opposition to hitherto observed doctrinal and practical focus on global management tools and centralized responses to the environmental crisis under the umbrella of United Nations policymaking, supported by international private actors such as the World Economic Forum.
La gamificación: Un estudio teórico para el desarrollo de la comprensión lectora de los estudiantes
Authors: García-Macías Andrea Margarita , Chancay-García Leonardo
Published: September 2023

Al utilizar la gamificación como estrategia didáctica se logra innovar en los modelos actuales de la enseñanza en la educación, es de vital importancia aplicarla en contextos donde existen falencias significativas, especialmente en el desarrollo de la comprensión lectora de los estudiantes, la lectura es un hábito que se ha perdido en ellos. El objetivo de esta  investigación es elaborar una estrategia didáctica basada en la gamificación para el desarrollo de la comprensión lectora en los estudiantes de la básica media de la escuela Jorge Icaza, del cantón Portoviejo. En este trabajo, se diseñó una estrategia didáctica basada en la gamificación como propuesta de solución a los bajos niveles de comprensión lectora en los estudiantes, debido al uso de la mecánica de los juegos que es llamativa y les permite desarrollar todas sus potencialidades lectoras. La metodología aplicada para el desarrollo de este artículo fue de enfoque mixto, basada en un diseño cuantitativo y cualitativo. La población total estuvo compuesta por 190 estudiantes y 11 docentes de la escuela de educación básica Jorge Icaza del cantón de Portoviejo, provincia de Manabí. Los resultados más relevantes en el test diagnóstico indicaron una cantidad considerable de estudiantes que no lograron inferir las ideas principales de la lectura. Estos resultados se corroboraron con los obtenidos en la encuesta, en la que los estudiantes casi nunca logran identificar las ideas principales y secundarias de una lectura.
Desafíos de la vinculación con la sociedad y la bioseguridad en tiempo de pandemia
Authors: Chong-Sánchez Yandry leonardo , Gutiérrez-Fienco René Fabrizio , Durán- Pincay Mercy Doménica
Published: September 2023

La bioseguridad es un conjuntos de normas, de medidas y protocolos indicados para perseverar la salud del personal,  cuyo objetivo fue “Analizar los desafíos de la vinculación con la sociedad y la bioseguridad en tiempo de pandemia”, Se basó la búsqueda en la revisión sistemática de bibliografía, se considera base de datos Google y PubMed, cuyos resultados indica que el uso de las plataformas digitales, conllevo a la virtualidad en época de pandemia para el desarrollo de proyectos de vinculación convirtiéndose en un desafío para el estudiante y el docente universitario, además de aplicar las normas de bioseguridad en trabajos de campos dirigido a la comunidad. Como conclusión es muy importante utilizar los principales equipos de protección en la ejecución de proyectos, además de los beneficios de la era digital.
Identificación de conductas adictivas y prevención en adolescentes a nivel nacional
Authors: Zambrano-Macías Coralía , Villacis-Barrera Hipattya Yolanda , Vera-Triviño Justyn Adrian
Published: September 2023

Originalmente se aplicaba al tipo de sustancias psicoactivas que, al ser consumidas por una persona, provocan que ésta se vuelva adicta. En los últimos años se ha observado que también existen conductas que tienen potencial para causar dependencia sin la presencia de una sustancia y tienen propiedades adictivas similares a las sustancias psicoactivas. El desarrollo de un comportamiento adictivo depende de varios factores: los estudios científicos muestran que existe una interacción entre factores biológicos, es decir, una susceptibilidad específica del sistema nervioso humano, factores psicológicos y factores ambientales. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo describir las conductas adictivas y prevención en adolescentes a nivel nacional, el tipo del presente artículo tiene como modalidad diseño documental narrativo de tipo descriptivo, de literatura científica (MasScience, lilacs, Redalyc, Elsevier, SciELO y Pubmed), el resultado mediante la lectura individual sobre las conductas adictivas que es un fuerte deseo donde la persona llevara a cabo una conducta no normal en base a sus ideologías o comportamiento. Existe un patrón problema donde se realiza una actividad y esta provoca un deterioro clínico significativo. Para evitar estas conductas la persona debe tener motivación de cambio, la toma de decisiones e identificar su propio acto erróneo es el primer paso, mantener una buena comunicación, estimular que el afectado tenga una conducta responsable, hacer conocer las actividades que están bien.
Estrategias Didácticas Innovadoras para Potenciar el Rendimiento Psicométrico en Estudiantes de Tercer Año de Bachillerato
Authors: Meza-Montes Jéssica Katherine , Mendoza-Zambrano Lisseth Carolina , Meza-Montes Fernando Javier
Published: September 2023

La evaluación de habilidades psicométricas es una práctica común en la educación superior y el mundo laboral, y estas habilidades pueden ser desarrolladas a través de intervenciones pedagógicas efectivas. El objetivo de este estudio fue presentar y evaluar el impacto de estrategias didácticas específicas para fomentar habilidades psicométricas en estudiantes de tercer año de bachillerato. Se llevó a cabo un experimento controlado aleatorio con un grupo de estudiantes de tercer año de bachillerato, en el que se implementaron estrategias didácticas basadas en juegos educativos, resolución de problemas prácticos y retroalimentación constructiva. Se midieron las habilidades psicométricas de los estudiantes antes y después de la intervención. Los resultados indican que las estrategias didácticas implementadas tuvieron un impacto positivo en el desarrollo de habilidades psicométricas en los estudiantes, particularmente en el razonamiento lógico y las habilidades matemáticas y verbales. En conclusión, la implementación de estrategias didácticas efectivas puede ser una herramienta valiosa para fomentar el desarrollo de habilidades psicométricas en estudiantes de tercer año de bachillerato. Se sugiere que se siga investigando en esta área para determinar las mejores prácticas pedagógicas para la enseñanza de habilidades psicométricas en contextos educativos y laborales.
REFLEXÕES SOBRE A EDUCAÇÃO E A COMUNIDADE LGBT A PARTIR DO MARCO LEGAL DA CONSTITUIÇÃO DE 1988
Authors: Oliveira Kelvi da Silva , Nóbrega Pedro Ricardo da Cunha , Boas Anderson Camatari Vilas
Published: September 2023

Este artigo tem o objetivo de apresentar reflexões sobre a educação e a comunidade LGBT a partir do marco legal da constituição de 1988. Discutindo as compreensões culturais que integram a diversidade humana, assim como a importância do debate acerca da diversidade sexual, garantindo a visibilidade no que diz respeito à singularidade humana, com ênfase nas questões relacionadas ao gênero e à sexualidade. Destaca-se a inclusão da diversidade estabelecida nos parâmetros educacionais, bem como a construção das relações sociais frente ao desenvolvimento pessoal da sociedade. Metodologicamente este artigo deriva de uma pesquisa documental com textos oficiais referente ao Congresso Nacional de ambas as casas legislativas. Desta forma, trazendo pautas e discussões antes apagadas do debate coletivo. Salientando a demanda pelo reconhecimento dos direitos LGBT e reforçando a construção de uma sociedade mais justa e igualitária em detrimento dos parâmetros socioculturais.
ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS AND SUSTAINABLE COMMITMENTS OF URBAN MOBILITY PLANS IN THE SERRA GAÚCHA METROPOLITAN REGION’S MUNICIPALITIES
Authors: Fachinelli Ana Cristina , Ribeiro Vinicius de Tomasi , Zatti Luciano , Argenta Deivid
Published: September 2023

Federal Law 12,587 of 2012, instituted and obliged federated entities to have a new vision of urban mobility. In 2013, the Região Metropolitana da Serra Gaúcha (RMSG) was created, currently composed of 14 municipalities, based on the identification of public functions of common interest in which mobility is inserted, the present paper aims to analyze the effectiveness of the plans for mobility of each municipality that makes up the RMSG, regarding to the basic guidelines of the Federal Law. Guidelines such as the elaboration of the urban mobility plan, effective popular participation in the preparation and monitoring, encouragement of sustainable means, integration with the metropolitan region, support for using  non-motorized transport and public transport, as well as the actual implementation of the actions proposed by municipal legislation, with the aim of analyzing if what is actually proposed in the plans minimally meets the federal legislation and if it is actually being placed at the service of the population. For that, the paper was based on a qualitative and quantitative research.
“NÃO HÁ ABISMO EM QUE O BRASIL CAIBA”: A CRISE NA POLÍTICA NACIONAL DE SAÚDE MENTAL A PARTIR DA NOTA TÉCNICA 11/2019 E A EXPANSÃO DAS COMUNIDADES TERAPÊUTICAS BRASILEIRAS
Authors: Silva Fernanda Soares Pereira de Carvalho , Ferreira Neto João Leite
Published: September 2023

O presente artigo visa discorrer sobre a crise na Política Nacional de Saúde Mental, Álcool e Outras Drogas (PNSMAD), influenciada diretamente pela Nota Técnica (NT) 11/2019, que fortaleceu a expansão das Comunidades Terapêuticas (CTs) no Brasil. Tem-se como objetivo geral identificar os efeitos políticos e sociais gerados por tal NT; pretende-se também analisar as modificações propostas pela NT; compreender o papel, estruturação e modos de atendimento apresentados pelas CTs; e, por fim, discorrer sobre o papel da Psicologia Social em meio a (re)manicomialização da saúde mental brasileira. Optou-se por uma metodologia descritiva qualitativa, que obteve como resultados a coleta de informações sobre as modificações ocorridas na PNSMAD, além de descrever os modos de atuação das CTs do Brasil. Deste modo, concluiu-se que, especialmente diante do declínio do Estado democrático do país, em muito se retrocedeu na Reforma Psiquiátrica, levando o eixo da saúde mental a desmontes ainda persistentes mesmo com o novo ciclo político brasileiro.
EU SOU EU, E LICURI É COCO PEQUENO ENTRE MINDSETS, ATRAÇÕES E O PEQUENO BUDA DE PLANTÃO
Authors: Guedes Marcelo Bomfim
Published: September 2023

Este artigo aborda a relevância das atitudes mentais, explorando a distinção entre o mindset fixo, caracterizado pela crença em habilidades imutáveis, e o mindset de crescimento, que promove a crença na possibilidade de desenvolvimento por meio de esforço e aprendizado. Com base em uma revisão bibliográfica abrangente, o artigo investiga as origens filosóficas, conceituais e práticas do mindset, abordando a evolução do pensamento humano ao longo da história. A influência de filósofos gregos antigos, como os estoicos, é examinada, ressaltando o valor da aceitação de desafios como oportunidades de aprendizado e crescimento. Além disso, a abordagem da Lei da Atração é discutida em relação ao mindset de crescimento, enfatizando a importância de manter pensamentos positivos e ações proativas para alcançar metas. As influências das religiões também são exploradas, destacando como os ensinamentos budistas e a busca por autoconhecimento podem promover a transformação pessoal e o desenvolvimento contínuo. No entanto, o artigo também alerta sobre como a comparação social e a busca por validação externa nas redes sociais podem minar a autoestima e o autodesenvolvimento. Da mesma forma, a superficialidade e falta de embasamento científico em alguns livros de autoajuda podem resultar em frustrações e desencorajar o esforço contínuo. A partir dos conceitos revisitados, este estudo conclui sobre a importância de se reconhecer tanto as fontes de influência positiva quanto as negativas e adotar uma abordagem equilibrada e crítica para cultivar uma mentalidade que valorize o aprendizado contínuo, o esforço e a resiliência na busca por objetivos e no desenvolvimento pessoal.
ANÁLISE DE DISCURSO NO ESPAÇO DE SÉRGIO FREIRE.
Authors: Santos José Alessandro da Conceição , Cordeiro Nayara Menezes , Antony Gena Carol D'gaut Pinto , Costa Leonard Christy Souza , Da Silva Amanda Souza , Castilho Daniel de Souza , Silva Vanessa Souza , Dos Anjos Brenda Reis
Published: September 2023

Este artigo tem o objetivo de compreender a análise de discurso a partir da organização bibliográfica de Sérgio Freire, bem como suas discussões teóricas, principalmente a partir de Foucault, com a finalidade de contemplar com uma base de entendimento completo a respeito da área em questão. Tal trabalho se justifica na busca por conceituações compreensíveis da área do discurso, buscando alcançar construções de trabalhos mais densos com objetos de estudos relacionados a abrigos científicos que discutem esse contexto na sua plenitude. Essas relações atentam para problemáticas específicas, tais, como podemos conhecer a análise de discurso? Como ela está organizada para entendimento no Brasil. A metodologia parte da pesquisa bibliográfica do livro de Sérgio Freire, Conhecendo A Análise de Discurso. Em geral se trata de parte metodológica de pesquisa científica em programa de pós-graduação da Universidade Federal do Amazonas. Fornecer dados compreensíveis sobre a área de análise de discurso para a ciência, e, para outros pesquisadores da área, são as contribuições deste material. Definitivamente se conclui como um trabalho relevante para a compreensão em síntese de um tema amplo e denso, que visa o entendimento em tempo condicionado ao avanço da cognição em sentido estrito, mas de forma rápida e eficaz.