bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Automated Prediction of Crack Propagation Using H2O AutoML
Authors: Omar Intisar , Khan Muhammad , Starr Andrew , Abou Rok Ba Khaled
Published: October 2023

Crack propagation is a critical phenomenon in materials science and engineering, significantly impacting structural integrity, reliability, and safety across various applications. The accurate prediction of crack propagation behavior is paramount for ensuring the performance and durability of engineering components, as extensively explored in prior research. Nevertheless, there is a pressing demand for automated models capable of efficiently and precisely forecasting crack propagation. In this study, we address this need by developing a machine learning-based automated model using the powerful H2O library. This model aims to accurately predict crack propagation behavior in various materials by analyzing intricate crack patterns and delivering reliable predictions. To achieve this, we employed a comprehensive dataset derived from measured instances of crack propagation in Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) specimens. Rigorous evaluation metrics, including Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and R-squared (R2) values, were applied to assess the model’s predictive accuracy. Cross-validation techniques were utilized to ensure its robustness and generalizability across diverse datasets. Our results underscore the automated model’s remarkable accuracy and reliability in predicting crack propagation. This study not only highlights the immense potential of the H2O library as a valuable tool for structural health monitoring but also advocates for the broader adoption of Automated Machine Learning (AutoML) solutions in engineering applications. In addition to presenting these findings, we define H2O as a powerful machine learning library and AutoML as Automated Machine Learning to ensure clarity and understanding for readers unfamiliar with these terms. This research not only demonstrates the significance of AutoML in future-proofing our approach to structural integrity and safety but also emphasizes the need for comprehensive reporting and understanding in scientific discourse.
Wrist-Worn Sensor Validation for Heart Rate Variability and Electrodermal Activity Detection in a Stressful Driving Environment
Authors: Costantini Simone , Chiappini Mattia , Malerba Giorgia , Dei Carla , Falivene Anna , Arlati Sara , Colombo Vera , Biffi Emilia , Storm Fabio Alexander
Published: October 2023

Wearable sensors are widely used to gather psychophysiological data in the laboratory and real-world applications. However, the accuracy of these devices should be carefully assessed. The study focused on testing the accuracy of the Empatica 4 (E4) wristband for the detection of heart rate variability (HRV) and electrodermal activity (EDA) metrics in stress-inducing conditions and growing-risk driving scenarios. Fourteen healthy subjects were recruited for the experimental campaign, where HRV and EDA were recorded over six experimental conditions (Baseline, Video Clip, Scream, No-Risk Driving, Low-Risk Driving, and High-Risk Driving) and by means of two measurement systems: the E4 device and a gold standard system. The overall quality of the E4 data was investigated; agreement and reliability were assessed by performing a Bland–Altman analysis and by computing the Spearman’s correlation coefficient. HRV time-domain parameters reported high reliability levels in Baseline (r > 0.72), Video Clip (r > 0.71), and No-Risk Driving (r > 0.67), while HRV frequency domain parameters were sufficient in Baseline (r > 0.58), Video Clip (r > 0.59), No-Risk (r > 0.51), and Low-Risk Driving (r > 0.52). As for the EDA parameters, no correlation was found. Further studies could enhance the HRV and EDA quality through further optimizations of the acquisition protocol and improvement of the processing algorithms.
A Hybrid Localization Algorithm for an Adaptive Strategy-Based Distance Vector-Hop and Improved Sparrow Search for Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Sun Zhiwei , Wu Hua , Liu Yang , Zhou Suyu , Guan Xiangmin
Published: October 2023

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are applied in many fields, among which node localization is one of the most important parts. The Distance Vector-Hop (DV-Hop) algorithm is the most widely used range-free localization algorithm, but its localization accuracy is not high enough. In this paper, to solve this problem, a hybrid localization algorithm for an adaptive strategy-based distance vector-hop and improved sparrow search is proposed (HADSS). First, an adaptive hop count strategy is designed to refine the hop count between all sensor nodes, using a hop count correction factor for secondary correction. Compared with the simple method of using multiple communication radii, this mechanism can refine the hop counts between nodes and reduce the error, as well as the communication overhead. Second, the average hop distance of the anchor nodes is calculated using the mean square error criterion. Then, the average hop distance obtained from the unknown nodes is corrected according to a combination of the anchor node trust degree and the weighting method. Compared with the single weighting method, both the global information about the network and the local information about each anchor node are taken into account, which reduces the average hop distance errors. Simulation experiments are conducted to verify the localization performance of the proposed HADSS algorithm by considering the normalized localization error. The simulation results show that the accuracy of the proposed HADSS algorithm is much higher than that of five existing methods.
Advances on Sb2Se3 Solar Cells Fabricated by Physical Vapor Deposition Techniques
Authors: Jakomin Roberto , Rampino Stefano , Spaggiari Giulia , Pattini Francesco
Published: October 2023

Sb2Se3, as an earth-abundant and low-toxic material, has emerged as one of the most interesting absorbers for clean renewable power generation technologies. Due to its optical properties, especially bandgap and absorption coefficient, the number of papers on Sb2Se3-based solar cells has been constantly increasing in the last ten years, and its power conversion efficiency has raised from 1% in 2014 to 10.57% in 2022. In this review, different Sb2Se3 solar cells’ fabrication technologies based on physical vapor deposition are described and correlated to the texture coefficient (ribbon orientation). Moreover, recent research works of the most promising solar cell configurations with different electron-transporting layers and hole-transporting layers are analyzed with a special emphasis on photovoltaic performances. Furthermore, different Sb2Se3 doping techniques are discussed. All these aspects are considered as new strategies to overcome the Sb2Se3 solar cell’s actual limitations.
Analysis of Extreme Precipitation Variation Characteristics and the Influencing Factors in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau Region, China
Authors: Zhang Hongbo , Zhang Runyun , Ju Qin , Kong Gong , Xie Yina , He Jufang , Huang Yonghui
Published: October 2023

The increase of extreme precipitation (EP) frequency and the aggravation of disasters have seriously disrupted the normal economic and social development of human beings. The complex topography of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau region (YGPR) and the fact that moisture originates from two different directions, the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean, make the mechanism of EP more complicated. Exploring the variation characteristics and influencing factors of EP in YGPR is of great significance for regional disaster prevention and mitigation and water resources management. In this study, 11 extreme precipitation indices (EPIs) defined by the Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices (ETCCDI) were calculated based on daily precipitation data of 1960–2020 from 83 national meteorological stations in the study area. The Mann–Kendall test and Wavelet analysis were used to analyze the variation characteristics of EP and explore the influence mechanisms of geographical factors and atmospheric circulation on EP in the spatial and temporal perspective. The conclusions are as follows: (1) The EP of the study area has an overall increasing trend in the research period, with the increase of persistent dry days, the precipitation concentration, intensity, and extreme heavy precipitation (EHP); (2) It shows the obvious spatial difference in the study area, with the high-value areas of extreme drought (ED) in the northwestern region and the total annual precipitation, EHP, and intensity in the southeastern region. In addition, ED and EHP tends to increase in the western region of the study area as well as in the middle east and southeast; (3) EHP is significantly positively correlated with longitude and highly negatively with latitude. Meanwhile, EHP shows a correlation with altitude (negative at low altitude and positive at high altitude); (4) The degree of drought change is greatly affected by North Atlantic Oscillation/El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. The variation of extreme heavy precipitation is greatly influenced by the summer monsoon of South Asian, East Asian, and South China Sea; (5) All the EPIs show persistence. The study results can contribute to the understanding of EP variation in the study area and provide some scientific references for regional water resource management, meteorological warning, and agricultural production safeguard.
Exploring Modal Choices for Sustainable Urban Mobility: Insights from the Porto Metropolitan Area in Portugal
Authors: Rocha Hudyeron , Lobo António , Tavares José Pedro , Ferreira Sara
Published: October 2023

Efficient and sustainable urban mobility is critical for contemporary cities, and understanding the factors influencing modal choices is essential for addressing transportation challenges in metropolitan areas. This study focuses on the Porto Metropolitan Area (AMP) in Portugal and aims to gain insights into these factors. Using data from the last mobility survey (IMob) conducted in 2017, a multinomial logit (MNL) model is used to analyze individual modal choices amongst private motorized vehicles (PMVs), public transport (PT), and active modes (AMs). The findings unveiled that demographic, socioeconomic, and travel-related characteristics substantially influence individual modal choices within the studied area. Moreover, probability scenarios highlight the importance of financial considerations, environmental consciousness, and accessibility to public transport in promoting sustainable transportation options. These insights have significant implications for policymakers and stakeholders involved in urban planning and transportation management. This study contributes to the literature by providing valuable insights into individuals’ transportation preferences and behaviors, facilitating decision-making based on evidence for infrastructure improvements and targeted interventions. By promoting sustainable transportation alternatives and reducing reliance on PMVs, this study aims to enhance the livability and sustainability of the AMP, aligning with long-term sustainability goals.
Assessment of Green Banking Performance
Authors: Lapinskienė Giedrė , Danilevičienė Irena
Published: October 2023

Internal and external pressures are pushing the financial system towards an increasingly environmentally responsible orientation. The damaging practices of green-washing necessitate the search for new ways of monitoring. The question then arises, how can one measure the actual degree of greenness of a banking industry? This study aims to create a new methodology framework to measure green performance in the banking industry using multi-criteria methods. We offer a theoretical contribution. First, a set of criteria was identified at the theoretical level. Second, the criteria were evaluated by practitioners and aggregated using the ‘TOPSIS’ method. This index may constitute a basis for ranking banks. The results showed that the most important factors to be considered when evaluating the performance of green banking are the greenness of the customers, the development of innovations leading to a green economy, the availability of green financial products and services, and the promotion of green education. These results lead to the conclusion that both banks and clients should become “greener” and utilize more green innovations and financial products/services.
Improved Artificial Ecosystem Optimizer with Deep-Learning-Based Insect Detection and Classification for Agricultural Sector
Authors: Aljebreen Mohammed , Mengash Hanan Abdullah , Kouki Fadoua , Motwakel Abdelwahed
Published: October 2023

The agricultural industry has the potential to meet the increasing food production requirements and supply nutritious and healthy food products. Since the Internet of Things (IoT) phenomenon has achieved considerable growth in recent years, IoT-based systems have been established for pest detection so as to mitigate the loss of crops and reduce serious damage by employing pesticides. In the event of pest attack, the detection of crop insects is a tedious process for farmers since a considerable proportion of crop yield is affected and the quality of pest detection is diminished. Based on morphological features, conventional insect detection is an option, although the process has a disadvantage, i.e., it necessitates highly trained taxonomists to accurately recognize the insects. In recent times, automated detection of insect categories has become a complex problem and has gained considerable interest since it is mainly carried out by agriculture specialists. Advanced technologies in deep learning (DL) and machine learning (ML) domains have effectively reached optimum performance in terms of pest detection and classification. Therefore, the current research article focuses on the design of the improved artificial-ecosystem-based optimizer with deep-learning-based insect detection and classification (IAEODL-IDC) technique in IoT-based agricultural sector. The purpose of the proposed IAEODL-IDC technique lies in the effectual identification and classification of different types of insects. In order to accomplish this objective, IoT-based sensors are used to capture the images from the agricultural environment. In addition to this, the proposed IAEODL-IDC method applies the median filtering (MF)-based noise removal process. The IAEODL-IDC technique uses the MobileNetv2 approach as well as for feature vector generation. The IAEO system is utilized for optimal hyperparameter tuning of the MobileNetv2 approach. Furthermore, the gated recurrent unit (GRU) methodology is exploited for effective recognition and classification of insects. An extensive range of simulations were conducted to exhibit the improved performance of the proposed IAEODL-IDC methodology. The simulation results validated the remarkable results of the IAEODL-IDC algorithm with recent systems.
Practical Solutions for Addressing Challenges in National Reporting for the Enhanced Transparency Framework: Cases from Developing Countries in the Asia–Pacific Region
Authors: Murun Temuulen , Umemiya Chisa , Morimoto Takashi , Hattori Tomohiko
Published: October 2023

Transitioning to the Enhanced Transparency Framework (ETF) under the Paris Agreement (PA) from the current measurement, reporting and verification (MRV) arrangements under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) requires developing countries to enhance their national reporting systems in a sustainable way. There are various challenges that developing countries face in preparing national reporting under the existing MRV framework. The objective of this paper is to identify practical solutions as good practices in the short and long term to address the common challenges facing many developing countries as they prepare their national climate reporting. We collected information on practical solutions implemented by developing countries to overcome common challenges during preparation of their national reporting. There were some limitations regarding data collection using a country survey since we received responses from only six countries and two organizations, resulting in a small sample. Good practices for addressing common challenges include developing a national legal framework for transparency-related work, assigning a main coordinating institution, collaborating with domestic institutions for methodology development on emission reduction, and establishing university curricula on transparency. Replicating these solutions as good practices on how to deal with the challenges would be one way for developing countries to enhance their respective reporting systems in a sustainable manner. Furthermore, the paper highlights three underlying factors (efficiency, accountability, and sustainability) behind those practical solutions. These underlying factors should be considered important as guiding principles for building sustainable reporting systems in order to be able to successfully implement the ETF.
Research on Sustainable Development of Mining Goaf Management Based on Economic Models
Authors: Pang Chuming , Shi Yongkui , Liu Yang
Published: October 2023

The sustainable development of mines has been the focus of attention in recent years. In China, there are a large number of untreated mined-out areas, and a series of disasters caused by the instability of the goaf will bring heavy blows to people’s safety and financial resources. Filling treatment will lead to increasing costs and decreasing profits, which will seriously reduce the motivation of mining enterprises and even lead to a moral hazard. Therefore, the analysis of the economic benefits of goaf control plays a vital role in the sustainable construction and long-term development of mines. This paper proposed the mined-out area treatment economic model. The proposed method employs the guiding philosophy of the newsboy model to create a mathematical economy model that provides the basis for a goaf management mode for mines. The following research results were obtained: (1) The economic model of the mined-out area backfilling treatment is constructed, which is classified as three different modes. (2) Combined with mathematical derivation and simulation, the influence of relevant variable parameters on each type of filling mode is discussed. (3) Various types of goaf filling treatment mode are compared with a non-filling scheme (benchmark mode), to provide theoretical support to help mining enterprises choose appropriate filling schemes. The results show that the economic model of mined-out area management provides the optimal mode for mined-out area filling, and the balance of tailings and ultra-high-water filling material procurement is realized, resulting in maximum profits. In this paper, we explain how the use of economic thinking has an important impact on the sustainable development of safety goaf management.
Analyzing Spatial Dependence of Rice Production in Northeast Thailand for Sustainable Agriculture: An Optimal Copula Function Approach
Authors: Srisopa Suneerat , Luamka Peerapong , Rattanawan Saowanee , Somtrakoon Khanitta , Busababodhin Piyapatr
Published: October 2023

Rice is not only central to Thailand’s economy and dietary consumption but also plays a significant role in global food security. Northeast Thailand, in particular, is a principal region for rice cultivation. However, with the mounting concerns of climate change, it becomes paramount to understand the interplay between regional weather patterns and rice yields, aiming to develop effective adaptive agricultural strategies. The current study aimed to fill the research gap by investigating an optimal copula for the spatial dependence of rice production and related meteorological variables in this area. The objective of this study is to understand how rice production in different areas relates to each other in order to improve farming practices and address challenges such as suitable weather. To achieve this goal, we apply three families of copulas—elliptical, Archimedean, and extreme—to analyze crop and meteorological variables across the watershed in the northeastern region of Thailand. With a data foundation extending from 1981 to 2021 from the Regional Office of Agricultural Economics Sector 4, Thailand, this study offers a comprehensive analysis of the spatial dynamics driving rice production across twenty provinces in Northeast Thailand. Using a piecewise linear model, we dissected rice yield trends, revealing distinct slopes in production and yield across various periods. The analysis leaned on elliptical, Archimedean, and extreme copula families, using the maximum likelihood estimation to discern marginal distribution residuals. Through rigorous bootstrap goodness-of-fit tests and cross-validation, the most appropriate copula for each province was identified. Key findings demonstrate pronounced spatial interdependencies in rice yields, with the Frank copula prominently capturing the product relationship between provinces such as Maha Sarakham and Roi-Et. Conversely, the Clayton copula better characterized regions such as Srisaket and Ubon Ratchathani. Moreover, the results underscore the considerable influence of meteorological factors, notably rainfall and temperature, on rice production, especially in regions like Ubon Ratchathani. In distilling these multifaceted relationships, the study charts a pathway for crafting sustainable, localized agricultural strategies. As the world grapples with climate change’s ramifications, the insights from this research stand crucial, offering direction for fostering resilience, adaptation, and optimizing rice productivity across Thailand’s diverse agrarian landscapes.
Heritage Trasimeno: From Mapping the Dynamics of Landscape Transformation to Possible Strategies for Heritage Use
Authors: Belardi Paolo , Menchetelli Valeria , Ramaccini Giovanna
Published: October 2023

This research concerns the analysis of the evolution of the landscape of Lake Trasimeno, in the Umbria region (Italy). The case study is marked by an inconsistent settlement pattern. Nevertheless, it retains wide glimpses of unspoilt territory, still tied to its original values. The same landscape transformations offer a series of opportunities for recomposition. These require representative instruments capable of interpreting and guiding the valorisation of the rich heritage, all this also considering the strong tourism value of the area under study. From a methodological point of view, the contribution is structured in three main phases: a first phase of studying the tourism dynamics in the area; a second phase of mapping the identity and evolutionary characteristics of the area; a third phase of conception and development of three project proposals aimed at enhancing the identity characteristics of the place and at favouring its usability with a view to sustainable tourism. The restitution and interpretation of the analysis and mapping phases (albeit partial, because they are limited to only a part of the lake’s coastline) become fundamental for identifying sustainable project strategies, as they are integrated with the social, cultural and economic characteristics of the area.
Enhancing Biochar Impact on the Mechanical Properties of Cement-Based Mortar: An Optimization Study Using Response Surface Methodology for Particle Size and Content
Authors: Zhou Zhongrui , Wang Junsong , Tan Kanghao , Chen Yifei
Published: October 2023

The utilization of agricultural waste, specifically biochar (BC), as an alternative material to conventional Portland cement offers substantial potential for enhancing sustainability within the construction industry. This study investigates how variations in BC particle size and content affect the properties of cement mortar using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). By manipulating BC’s content and particle size in the mortar mixture and analyzing the data with RSM, this study establishes response surface models to predict the relationship between BC characteristics and cement mortar strength. The results demonstrate that the optimal combination for enhancing the mechanical performance of the mortar is achieved when BC particles have a median particle diameter of 51.08 μm and a content of 2.69% of the mixture. Additionally, utilizing scanning electron microscopy (SEM), it is revealed that BC serves as a nucleation site for cement hydration, thereby inducing a more compact and dense microstructure within the cement mortar. Furthermore, BC particles contribute to enhancing the interfacial transition zone between the cement paste and aggregate, leading to increased compressive strength and fracture toughness of the mortar while simultaneously curbing crack propagation.
A Spatial Analysis of Urban Streets under Deep Learning Based on Street View Imagery: Quantifying Perceptual and Elemental Perceptual Relationships
Authors: Sun Haozun , Xu Hong , He Hao , Wei Quanfeng , Yan Yuelin , Chen Zheng , Li Xuanhe , Zheng Jialun , Li Tianyue
Published: October 2023

Measuring the human perception of urban street space and exploring the street space elements that influence this perception have always interested geographic information and urban planning fields. However, most traditional efforts to investigate urban street perception are based on manual, usually time-consuming, inefficient, and subjective judgments. This shortcoming has a crucial impact on large-scale street spatial analyses. Fortunately, in recent years, deep learning models have gained robust element extraction capabilities for images and achieved very competitive results in semantic segmentation. In this paper, we propose a Street View imagery (SVI)-driven deep learning approach to automatically measure six perceptions of large-scale urban areas, including “safety”, “lively”, “beautiful”, “wealthy”, “depressing”, and “boring”. The model was trained on millions of people’s ratings of SVIs with a high accuracy. First, this paper maps the distribution of the six human perceptions of urban street spaces within the third ring road of Wuhan (appearing as Wuhan later). Secondly, we constructed a multiple linear regression model of “street constituents–human perception” by segmenting the common urban constituents from the SVIs. Finally, we analyzed various objects positively or negatively correlated with the six perceptual indicators based on the multiple linear regression model. The experiments elucidated the subtle weighting relationships between elements in different street spaces and the perceptual dimensions they affect, helping to identify the visual factors that may cause perceptions of an area to be involved. The findings suggested that motorized vehicles such as “cars” and “trucks” can negatively affect people’s perceptions of “safety”, which is different from previous studies. We also examined the influence of the relationships between perceptions, such as “safety” and “wealthy”. Finally, we discussed the “perceptual bias” issue in cities. The findings enhance the understanding of researchers and city managers of the psychological and cognitive processes behind human–street interactions.
Feasibility of a Local Production Chain for Structural Timber in Sardinia, Italy
Authors: Concu Giovanna
Published: October 2023

The construction sector is currently responsible for over 30% of the consumption of natural resources and the release of solid waste and pollution into the environment. This situation is even more serious in closed communities such as islands, economically highly dependent on the outside world. One of the possible interventions to reverse this trend is the use of eco-sustainable construction materials such as wood, produced through supply chains with a low environmental impact. This paper reports on a research activity that analyzed the feasibility of implementing a sustainable local supply chain in Sardinia to produce Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT) panels made of locally grown wood. This research has experimentally carried out the entire supply chain process: (i) choice and collection of the raw material in the forest for producing strength-graded boards to manufacture laminated timber, (ii) manufacturing of CLT panel prototypes, and (iii) determination of CLT panels’ mechanical performance through laboratory tests. This experimentation allowed, on the one hand, to evaluate the performance and competitiveness of CLT panels made of local wood, and on the other hand, to identify the criticalities that currently hinder the implementation of this supply chain in Sardinia, and to propose possible actions to solve them.
The Existence and Averaging Principle for a Class of Fractional Hadamard Itô–Doob Stochastic Integral Equations
Authors: Rhaima Mohamed , Mchiri Lassaad , Ben Makhlouf Abdellatif
Published: October 2023

In this paper, we investigate the existence and uniqueness properties pertaining to a class of fractional Hadamard Itô–Doob stochastic integral equations (FHIDSIE). Our study centers around the utilization of the Picard iteration technique (PIT), which not only establishes these fundamental properties but also unveils the remarkable averaging principle within FHIDSIE. To accomplish this, we harness powerful mathematical tools, including the Hölder and Gronwall inequalities.
Ride Comfort Improvements on Disturbed Railroads Using Model Predictive Control
Authors: Posseckert Alexander , Lüdicke Daniel
Published: October 2023

This paper proposes a control strategy for active lateral secondary suspension that uses preview data. Based on a derived analytical model, a model predictive controller (MPC) is implemented. The influence of the track irregularities upon carbody lateral dynamics is considered explicitly. The controller developed is applied to a full-scale rail vehicle model. Ride comfort is evaluated according to EN 12299. Multibody simulations show that there is a significant increase in continuous ride comfort on poor-quality tracks.
Analysis of the Axial Vibration of Non-Uniform and Functionally Graded Rods via an Analytical-Based Numerical Approach
Authors: Kondakcı Koray , Coşkun Safa Bozkurt
Published: October 2023

In this study, an analytical-based numerical approach was proposed for the analysis of the free axial vibration of homogeneous and functionally graded rods with varying cross-sectional areas. The proposed approach is based on analytical approximation techniques, such as the Adomian decomposition method, variational iteration method, and homotopy perturbation method. However, the governing equations of the problems solved in this study were variable coefficient differential equations. These equations provide analytical solutions for strictly limited cases. Analytical approximation methods easily handle problems with uniform material properties and constant cross-sections, whereas with varying cross-sectional areas, the analytical integration process becomes a difficult task for the software. If the rod’s material is functionally graded with varying cross-sectional areas, the analytical integration process becomes a cumbersome task. The proposed approach eliminates all difficulties and requires computation within several seconds. The application of this method is straightforward, and the results obtained in this study are in excellent agreement with the solutions provided in the literature.
Predicting Critical Speed of Railway Tracks Using Artificial Intelligence Algorithms
Authors: Ramos Ana , Castanheira-Pinto Alexandre , Colaço Aires , Fernández-Ruiz Jesús , Alves Costa Pedro
Published: October 2023

Motivated by concerns regarding safety and maintenance, the operational speed of a railway line must remain significantly below the critical speed associated with the track–ground system. Given the large number of track sections within a railway corridor that potentially need to be analyzed, the development of efficient predictive tools is of the utmost importance. Based on that, the problem can be analyzed in a few seconds instead of taking several hours of computational effort, as required by a numerical analysis. In this context, and for the first time, machine learning algorithms, namely artificial neural networks and support vector machine techniques, are applied to this particular issue. For its derivation, a reliable and robust dataset was developed by means of advanced numerical methodologies that were previously experimentally validated. The database is available as supplemental data and may be used by other researchers. Regarding the prediction process, the performance of both models was very satisfactory. From the results achieved, it is possible to conclude that the prediction tool is a novel and reliable approach for an almost instantaneous prediction of critical speed in a high number of track sections.
Methods of protecting consumer rights (on the example of considering the features of a subscription agreement in the Russian Federation)
Authors:   Scientific and Technical Complex Photon Systems, Moscow, Russian Federation, Vorobiev Ivan Pavlovich
Published: October 2023

The article discusses the features and grounds in cases of consumer protection. The author examines fairness and objectivity, as well as the procedure and grounds for applying legislation in this area of relations using the example of a subscription agreement, and analyzes law enforcement practice related to the consumer’s right to unilaterally refuse to fulfill the subscription agreement and refund the amounts paid.
Features of social rehabilitation of children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors:   Department of Social Work and Psychological and Pedagogical Education, FSBEI Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, Ispulova S. N. , Proshkina A. A. ,   Department of Social Work and Psychological and Pedagogical Education, FSBEI Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, Sadovina D. E. ,   Department of Social Work and Psychological and Pedagogical Education, FSBEI Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University
Published: October 2023

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex developmental disorder, the main features of which are qualitative violations of social interaction and verbal and nonverbal communication, as well as limited, repetitive, and stereotypical forms of behavior, interests, and activities. The listed development features indicate that the child needs the organization of psychosocial support, including the creation of special conditions, forms, and methods of the child’s correctional education and training, providing the necessary assistance to the family. The problem of children with ASD in Russia is aggravated by the fact that rehabilitation and pedagogical support for such children is not available as far as is necessary. Insufficient number of specialized institutions, lack of specialists, and inefficient implementation of inclusion — all this reduces the chances of such children to receive effective affordable rehabilitation and quality education. Such rehabilitation requires a permanent system, a special approach applied in all areas of this rehabilitation: social, physical, psychological, etc. In the rehabilitation of children with ASD, the programs are considered effective when they include a set of measures aimed at behavioral correction and prevention of undesirable behavior of the child; methods that develop verbal communication skills and teach social interaction; methods that also allow developing physical abilities, especially coordination and spatial orientation.
Investigation of the biocompatibility and in vivo wound healing effect of Cotinus coggygria extracts
Authors: Bozkaya Esra , Türk Mustafa , Ekici Hüsamettin , Karahan Siyami
Published: October 2023

Cotinus coggygria is widely recognized its antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antihemorrhagic, and wound-healing properties. In this, aimed to evaluate the phenolic contents, cytotoxicity/proliferation, hemolytic, antimicrobial, genotoxic, apoptotic, necrotic activities, and in vivo wound healing effects of C. coggygria, a plant species known to have beneficial effects on wound healing. TOF-LC/MS analyzes revealed that the methanol extract of C. coggygria leaves contained flavonoids and phenolic compounds such as gallic acid (18.5 mg/kg), catechin (4.6 mg/kg), protocatesic acid (0.6 mg/kg), vanillic acid (8.4 mg/kg), ellagic acid (0.1 mg/kg), rosmarinic acid (0.1 mg/kg), quercetin (15 ppb) and C. coggygria stems contained such as gallic acid (24.6 mg/kg), catechin (155.1 mg/kg), chlorogenic acid (1.9 mg/kg), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (383.3 mg/kg), rutin (2.5 mg/kg), ellagic acid (15.1 mg/kg), apigenin 7-glycoside (10.5 mg/kg), rosmarinic acid (0,4 mg/kg), quercetin (15.2 mg/kg), naringenin (279.1 mg/kg). Consequently, C. coggyria has a positive effect on wound healing with antibacterial properties, particularly against E. coli, and without cytotoxic, genotoxic, or hemolytic effects at test concentrations. In the in vivo burn model, wounds treated with leaf and stem extracts healed faster than the control group. Thus, C. coggygria is an effective plant for wound healing with antibacterial properties, particularly against E. coli, and without cytotoxic, genotoxic, and hemolytic effects.
Un aspect de la thérapeutique antialcoolique au début du XXe siècle : la « Lazarine » du pharmacien Desseigne
Authors: Devaux Guy
Published: October 2023

An aspect of anti-alcoholic therapy in the early twentieth century, the Lazarine of Desseigne – A drug intended to be administred to alcoholics by helping them to stop their because they dislike alcohol was developed and marketed by a French pharmacist, Marie Desseigne. Broadly distributed by an intense publicity in the press, the «Lazarine» had to face similar English speciality made in London, the «Powder Coza » , diffused in France by the advertising processes.
L’isolement de la cinchonine par Bernardino António Gomes (1768-1823) et l’importance de la science française dans la diffusion de sa découverte
Authors: Guilherme Semedo Maria , Rui Pita João
Published: October 2023

The isolation of cinchonine by Bernardino António Gomes (1768-1823) and the importance of French science in the dissemination of his discovery – This article aims to highlight the repercussion, in France, of cinchonine’s isolation by the Portuguese physician Bernardino António Gomes (1768-1823). This was the first alkaloid isolated from cinchona bark, a plant known for its antimalarial properties. This work resulted in new studies in France, more notably, Pelletier and Caventou’s chemical analysis of cinchona barks, and their ensuing isolation of quinine in 1820, the alkaloid that replaced cinchona bark in clinical practice. The French scientists were crucial for the recognition of Gomes’ work, although they criticized his non-detection of the alkaline properties

of cinchonine.
Eugène Plauchud (1831-1909), le pharmacien-poète de Forcalquier
Authors: Devaux Guy
Published: October 2023

Diplômé de l’École supérieure de pharmacie de Paris, Eugène Plauchud exercera la profession de pharmacien d’officine à Forcalquier. Parallèlement, il effectuera principalement des recherches sur les eaux sulfureuses, montrant le rôle des sulfuraires dans leur formation ainsi que dans la production de soufre à partir du gypse, se révélant grand admirateur de Louis Pasteur qui louait son esprit scientifique. Il animera la vie scientifique et littéraire de la ville, étant un des fondateurs de l’Athénée de Forcalquier qu’il présidera pendant plus d’un quart de siècle. En outre, il a été un notable représentant du félibrige provençal, s’exprimant dans la langue particulière à la Haute-Provence. Son oeuvre majeure dans ce domaine est Lou Diament de Sant-Maime dans laquelle sa poésie rejoint celle des troubadours du Moyen-Âge.
La fabrication des comprimés de quinine par le Service de Santé des Armées
Authors: Frogerais André
Published: October 2023

Quinine sulfate was used by the French Army Heatlh Service from 1823 i, the form of pills, solutions, vials and tablets. Quinine is widely used in the colonies, it is the most important manufacture of the Pharmacie centrale de l’Armée. The tablets are little used in France, the military thanks to the tablets of quinine salts will popularize them.
Sous l’empire de la loi de Germinal an XI, le pharmacien du XIXe siècle était-il un libéral-commerçant ?
Authors: Teinturier Pascal , Fouassier Éric
Published: October 2023

Under the rule of the law of Germinal year XI, was the pharmacist of the 19th century a liberalmerchant ?

– If the apothecary of the past was unquestionably a merchant, the pharmacist’s legal status raised questions throughout the 19th century. Liberal professional or merchant ? Drug preparation and the skills on which it was based were in favor of liberal professional status. But the economic liberalism, the emergence of the parapharmacy and the pharmaceutical specialties prepared in advance reinforced the commercial aspect of the activity of the pharmacist.
L’exportation des médicaments français entre les deux guerres : l’exemple du laboratoire du Gomenol® dans les années 1930
Authors: Bonnemain Bruno
Published: October 2023

L’exportation des médicaments français entre les deux guerres : l’exemple du laboratoire du Gomenol ® dans les années 1930 – Dès la fin du XIXe siècle et au début du XXe siècle, l’industrie pharmaceutique naissante en France s’intéresse à l’exportation de ses produits comme en témoigne la participation de plusieurs «spécialistes » aux expositions commerciales sur cette période. Mais c’est surtout entre les deux guerres mondiales que l’exportation française de médicaments augmente fortement et que s’organise un réseau d’agents capables de promouvoir les produits français à l’étranger. Les archives du laboratoire du Gomenol ® permettent d’en voir un exemple concret. Ce dernier va vendre ses produits dans plus de 80 pays, principalement d’Amérique du Sud ou faisant partie de l’Empire colonial de la France. Le laboratoire, sur cette période, passe des accords avec de nombreux agents mais vend également avec l’appui d’autres laboratoires français et parfois directement aux pharmaciens dans certains pays.
Le traitement par le chalybs chez Johannes Hartmann et Eberhard Gockel. Un remède contre les maladies du foie et de la rate en Allemagne au XVIIe siècle
Authors: Droixhe Daniel
Published: October 2023

Le traitement par le chalybs chez Johannes Hartmann et Eberhard Gockel. Un remède contre les maladies du foie et de la rate en Allemagne au XVIIe siècle – Au début des temps modernes, le

chalybs «acier » était réduit en poudre ou en limaille comme médicament, intégré dans diverses préparations. Deux médecins allemands du dix-septième siècle, plus ou moins attachés au système de Paracelse, Johannes Hartmann et Eberhard Gockel, l’utilisent pour soigner des «obstructions du foie » , l’hydropisie, en tant qu’elle était aussi liée à un dysfonctionnement du même organe, ou des

affections de la rate. On fournit un exemple d’une telle affection qui touche l’utérus, dont le médecin

tente d’expliquer le processus physiologique. Une autre utilisation du chalybs concerne la cessation des règles, considérée comme une des causes du cancer. On étend la perspective d’enquête par un essai de comparaison entre l’utilisation allemande du chalybs et celle enregistrée en Italie et en Angleterre, en abordant la question lexicale que posent des termes comme cancer, cancrosus, cancerus, cancrous, etc.
Un manuscrit oublié de 1803 : la facture du pharmacien Le Rat à Monsieur de Champcenetz
Authors: Bonnemain Bruno
Published: October 2023

Un manuscrit oublié de 1805 : la facture du pharmacien Le Rat à Monsieur de Champcenetz –

Une facture du pharmacien Le Rat, de Fontainebleau, datée de l’an XIV, a été adressée début décembre 1805 à Monsieur de Champcenetz. Ce «mémoire » récapitule la fourniture de médicaments entre le 20 brumaire et le 2 nivôse de l’an XIV, quelques jours avant le décès à Fontainebleau de l’épouse du destinataire de la facture, Albertine-Elisabeth Neukirchen de Nyvenheim. Cette dernière, contre-révolutionnaire et opposante au Consulat, était alors exilée à Fontainebleau. Le mémoire de Le Rat révèle le grand nombre de formes pharmaceutiques utilisées à cette occasion ainsi que le prix des médicaments préparés. Au total, la facture totalisait plus de 245 francs Germinal, soit l’équivalent de près de 500 euros.
Oncoguía de carcinoma esofágico y unión esofagogástrica 2023
Authors: León Takahashi Alberto Mitsuo , Díaz Romero Consuelo , Hinojosa Gómez José , López Basave Horacio Noé , Calderillo Ruíz Germán , Ruiz García Erika Betzabé , Vela Sarmiento Itzel , Herrera Martínez Marytere , Miyagui Adame Sayako Mariana , Pérez Camargo Dana , Martínez Muñoz Kenia , Maliachi Díaz Andrea
Published: October 2023

Cancer of the esophagus and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) is among the top ten tumors in incidence and mortality worldwide. Mexico is not the exception; the incidence is increasing, especially for adenocarcinoma, so we must be aware of this disease. In the Department of Gastrointestinal Tumors from Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, we have developed these onco-guidelines through multidisciplinary management. We review epidemiological aspects, criteria for diagnosis, staging, correct differentiation of an esophageal tumor and EGJ, and the multiple treatment options by stage clinic with the most recent evidence including the nutritional approach that is very important in these patients.
Emerging Issues and Problems of Teacher Education
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Seventh Day Adventist Reform Movement (SRM) College of Education, (B.Ed & M.Ed), Chinnakallupalli, Selvendiran R
Published: October 2023

Teacher Education is a program related with Teacher Proficiency and Competence that would make them competent enough to face new challenges in the Education. Now a days the field of Education is not only limited with books but has broadened in various new horizons. Teacher Education can be considered in three phases: there are Pre-service, Induction and In-service. The three phases are considered as parts of a continuous process. The scope of Teacher Education can be divided into three ways; there are Teacher Education at different levels of Education, Triangular basis of Teacher Education and Aspects of Teacher Education. Major issues in Teacher Education concern may be Proliferation of Colleges of Education, Isolation of Colleges of Education, Regional imbalances, Alternative modes of Teacher Education and etc… Emerging problems of Teacher Education may be Economic, Social, Cultural, Political, Moral, Ecological and Educational. Some suggestions here for improving the condition of Teacher Education are given below. It also discusses the need of Teacher Education program to be innovative and various practices that can be included. It has been recognized that Teacher Education Program should be structured and modified in a way that enables them to respond dynamically to the new problems and challenges in the field of Education, then only Teacher can help in National Development.