bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Highly efficient, powerful Nd:YAG laser CW mode-locked with a monolayer CVD graphene saturable absorber mirror
Authors: Tereshchenko D. P. , Ershkov M. N. , Solokhin S. A. , Slukhov S. A. , Smetanin S. N. , Kochukov Yu. A. , Papashvili A. G. , Rybin M. G. , Ismaeel A. , Obraztsova E. D.
Published: January 2024

Graphene-mode-locked solid-state lasers usually have a low optical efficiency (<10%) or a low output average power (<1W) due to losses in the graphene saturable absorber and the thermal load of the laser crystal. We demonstrate what we believe to our knowledge is an improved design for a highly efficient, powerful, diode-end-pumped Nd:YAG laser mode-locked with graphene. Internal losses of the laser cavity were minimized by using a high-quality monolayer graphene saturable absorber applied directly on the cavity end mirror. In comparison to other graphene-mode-locked solid-state lasers, the record high optical-to-optical and slope efficiencies of 19.1 and 24.5%, respectively, in a continuous wave mode-locking regime were achieved. The highest output average power was as high as 1.7 W for the ultrashort pulse repetition rate of 82 MHz at the beam quality of M2=1.3×1.4.
Isotropic resolution plenoptic background oriented schlieren through dual-view acquisition
Authors: Liu Yulan , Xing Feng , Su Liwei , Tan Huijun , Wang Depeng
Published: January 2024

The key to uncovering underlying fluid mechanisms lies in high-resolution and large-scale three-dimensional (3D) measurements of flow fields. Currently, the mainstream methods that are capable of volumetric measurements, such as tomographic background oriented schlieren and conventional plenoptic background oriented schlieren (plenoptic BOS), suffer system complexity and low axial resolution, respectively, prohibiting their application in high fidelity 3D flow measurement. This paper proposed an isotropic resolution plenoptic BOS (ISO plenoptic BOS) system that employed a mirror to create a second image view for the region of interest, thereby can achieve isotropic spatial resolution with only one camera. We comprehensively assessed the feasibility of the system by imaging the density field induced by candle flames, heat gun, and the Mach disk produced by the underexpanded jet through the high-pressure nozzle exit. All results proved that the dual-view plenoptic BOS system has higher axial resolution and can provide a more accurate 3D density field than the conventional system. As a BOS system that can achieve high-resolution volumetric imaging without the additional cost of cameras, data acquisition, hardware synchronization, and scanning, our ISO plenoptic BOS can expand the road to large-scale and high-resolution aerodynamic imaging.
Packaged WGM MBR sensor for high-performance temperature measurement using CNN-based multimode barcode images
Authors: Li Haiju , Lu Yang , Zhou Shengao , Jing Tongmei , Wang Jing , Ma Chao , Seo Min-Kyo , Yu Liandong
Published: January 2024

The whispering gallery mode (WGM) optical microresonator sensors are emerging as a promising platform for precise temperature measurements, driven by their excellent sensitivity, resolution and integration. Nevertheless, challenges endure regarding stability, single resonant mode tracking, and real-time monitoring. Here, we demonstrate a temperature measurement approach based on convolutional neural network (CNN), leveraging the recognition of multimode barcode images acquired from a WGM microbottle resonator (MBR) sensor with robust packaged microresonator-taper coupling structure (packaged-MTCS). Our work ensures not only a high sensitivity of −14.28 pm/℃ and remarkable resolution of 3.5 × 10−4 ℃ across a broad dynamic range of 96 ℃ but also fulfills the demands for real-time temperature measurement with an average detection accuracy of 96.85% and a speed of 0.68s per image. These results highlight the potential of high-performance WGM MBR sensors in various fields and lay the groundwork for stable soliton microcomb excitation through thermal tuning.
Hard excitation mode of a system with optomechanical instability
Authors: Mukhamedyanov Artem , Zyablovsky Alexander A. , Andrianov Evgeny S.
Published: January 2024

Systems with strong photon–phonon interaction and optomechanical instability are perspective for the generation of coherent phonons and photons. We predict the existence of a hard mode of excitation in such systems when a jump-like increase in the photon intensity takes place at the generation threshold. We derive an analytical expression that defines conditions for such an increase. We demonstrate that the hard excitation mode in systems with optomechanical instability arises due to an additional phase condition for the existence of a nonzero solution. We propose to use systems with optomechanical instability operating in the hard excitation mode to create highly sensitive sensors.
Continuous-wave operation of a tandem optical parametric oscillator up to 5.19 µm based on periodically poled LiNbO3
Authors: Hu Liemao , Ning Jian , Chen Yifan , Lv Xinjie , Zhao Gang , Xu Ping , Zhu Shining
Published: January 2024

A continuous-wave, tandem optical parametric oscillator (TOPO) based on a MgO-doped periodically poled LiNbO3 (MgO:PPLN) is demonstrated. Because the MgO:PPLN is tandemly pumped by the OPO’s signal beam, it outputs simultaneously two groups of signal and idler with a single pump source. The entire range spans from 1398 to 1490 nm, 1914 to 2107 nm, 3720 to 4444 nm, and 4849 to 5190 nm, which is limited by periods of the MgO:PPLN and cavity mirror coatings. The TOPO, whose oscillation threshold of pump power exceeds 7 W, can be easily triggered by marginally increasing the pump power as long as the OPO process occurs. The maximum idler powers are respectively 2.6 W (at 3896 nm) and 34 mW (at 4863 nm), and the corresponding signal powers are both nearly 100 mW.
Two-level coding for efficient digital radio-over-fiber transmission with unequal bit protection
Authors: Fu Mengfan , Xu Yicheng , Liu Xiaomin , Guo Yu , Hu Weisheng , Zhuge Qunbi
Published: January 2024

The digital radio-over-fiber (D-RoF) transmission with two-level coding (TLC) is proposed and demonstrated in this Letter. A joint design considering the importance of quantization bits, the protection ability of forward error correction (FEC), and the bit error ratio of quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) symbols is realized. In TLC-based D-RoF systems, the more significant bits among quantization bits are protected by a FEC and are assigned to the least reliable bits of modulated QAM symbols. Conversely, the less significant bits, without FEC protection, are allocated to the more reliable bits of QAM symbols. Experiments on an 11-km standard single-mode fiber transmission are conducted to evaluate the performance. The results indicate that, with a maximum iteration number of 2, compared to the conventional bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) with all bits encoded, the D-RoF based on TLC attains nearly identical performance under the 0.34% error vector magnitude threshold of 65536QAM wireless signals, specifically achieving complexity reductions of 54.55% and 67.66% for 16QAM and 64QAM optical transmissions, respectively.
Joint time and frequency transfer through one International Telecommunication Union 100 GHz wavelength division multiplexing channel with commercial devices
Authors: Xie Kunfeng , Zuo Faxing , Hu Liang , Chen Jianping , Wu Guiling
Published: January 2024

We proposed a joint time and frequency transfer scheme over a single International Telecommunication Union 100 GHz wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) channel using a normal commercial WDM device and commercial offset WDM device. A standard 100 GHz WDM channel is divided into three sub-channels with a frequency interval of more than 20 GHz for a time and frequency transfer, which could help to avoid the interference among time, frequency, and data signals in other WDM channels. A joint high-precision time and frequency transfer is, therefore, able to be performed with data transmission over WDM optical communication links without extra requirements on devices. A joint time and frequency transfer in a single 100 GHz WDM channel is experimentally demonstrated over a 60 km fiber link with the communication data transmission in the adjacent channels. The stability of the time transfer can be better than 15 ps at 1 s, and the stability of the frequency transfer can be better than 2.7×10−14 at 1 s, while the bit error rates of the adjacent channels are at the same level as the separate transmission.
Effects of thickness and annealing on the residual stress of TiO2 film
Authors: Ying Dong , Zhong Tao
Published: January 2024

Film stress will lead optical elements to distort in the surface shape; it must be studied for manufacturing high surface accuracy optical thin film. As the most commonly used film material in the visible/near-infrared spectrum, it is essential to research the state of stress in TiO2 film. The orthogonal experiment approach is used to investigate the impact of film thickness, annealing temperature, and annealing time on the residual stress of the TiO2 film deposited by EBE. It is shown that the film thickness effects the residual stress most. The order in which the residual stress varies with respect to the film stress, annealing temperature, and annealing time is then given, and the AFM test is utilized to explore the cause of the change in the residual stress. This study is of great benefit for designing low-stress optical film systems and preparing ultra-low surface shape accuracy thin film devices.
Exploring the resistance mechanism of triple-negative breast cancer to paclitaxel through the scRNA-seq analysis
Authors: Gao Wei , Sun Linlin , Gai Jinwei , Cao Yinan , Zhang Shuqun
Published: January 2024

Background

The triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most malignant subtype of breast cancer with high aggressiveness. Although paclitaxel-based chemotherapy scenario present the mainstay in TNBC treatment, paclitaxel resistance is still a striking obstacle for cancer cure. So it is imperative to probe new therapeutic targets through illustrating the mechanisms underlying paclitaxel chemoresistance.

Methods

The Single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data of TNBC cells treated with paclitaxel at different points were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The Seurat R package was used to filter and integrate the scRNA-seq expression matrix. Cells were further clustered by the FindClusters function, and the gene marker of each subset was defined by FindAllMarkers function. Then, the hallmark score of each cell was calculated by AUCell R package, the biological function of the highly expressed interest genes was analyzed by the DAVID database. Subsequently, we performed pseudotime analysis to explore the change patterns of drug resistance genes and SCENIC analysis to identify the key transcription factors (TFs). Finally, the inhibitors of which were also analyzed by the CTD database.

Results

We finally obtained 6 cell subsets from 2798 cells, which were marked as AKR1C3+, WNT7A+, FAM72B+, RERG+, IDO1+ and HEY1+HCC1143 cell subsets, among which the AKR1C3+, IDO1+ and HEY1+ cell subsets proportions increased with increasing treatment time, and then were regarded as paclitaxel resistance subsets. Hallmark score and pseudotime analysis showed that these paclitaxel resistance subsets were associated with the inflammatory response, virus and interferon response activation. In addition, the gene regulatory networks (GRNs) indicated that 3 key TFs (STAT1, CEBPB and IRF7) played vital role in promoting resistance development, and five common inhibitors targeted these TFs as potential combination therapies of paclitaxel were identified.

Conclusion

In this study, we identified 3 paclitaxel resistance relevant IFs and their inhibitors, which offers essential molecular basis for paclitaxel resistance and beneficial guidance for the combination of paclitaxel in clinical TNBC therapy.
Isquemia intestinal por malrotación intestinal en una adolescente
Authors: Rincón-Yanine Tatiana , Torres Rueda Lorena Alejandra , Venegas Visbal David Enrique , Pérez Moreno Andrés
Published: January 2024

Antecedentes: la malrotación intestinal es una malformación congénita definida como una falla en el proceso de rotación y fijación del intestino durante la embriogénesis. Esta patología se diagnostica tradicionalmente en la infancia, sin embargo, las personas con esta malformación intestinal pueden permanecer asintomáticas durante varios años de vida y manifestar, en la adolescencia o en la adultez, síntomas crónicos e inespecíficos, como dolor abdominal intermitente, náuseas y emesis. En el peor de los casos, en este grupo de individuos, la malrotación intestinal puede manifestarse como un vólvulo agudo del intestino medio, con compromiso vascular e isquemia intestinal, la cual podría llegar a requerir una resección extensa con el posterior riesgo de desarrollar síndrome de intestino corto, falla intestinal e incluso la muerte. Reporte de caso: presentamos el caso de una niña de quince años con antecedente no conocido de malrotación intestinal congénita, la cual se manifestó como un vólvulo agudo con isquemia intestinal que requirió resección intestinal masiva. El trasplante intestinal fue la opción terapéutica planteada, ante una falla intestinal irreversible y teniendo en cuenta las complicaciones asociadas a la nutrición parenteral crónica. Conclusiones: el diagnóstico de la malrotación intestinal en un adolescente requiere una alta sospecha clínica y que es un reto clínico, ya que, si no es identificado a tiempo, puede traer consecuencias catastróficas para la vida del paciente y su familia.
Secuencia de Moebius-Poland
Authors: Urbina Villarraga Jaime , Cañas Cantillo Karen Paola , Quiroga Rey Adrina , Sanclemente Arias Diana Marcela , Lora Vidal Liliana Eugenia
Published: January 2024

Antecedentes: la secuencia Moebius Poland, definida por la presencia conjunta de parálisis facial uni o bilateral, agenesia o hipoplasia del pectoral mayor y pezón, además de simbraquidactilia ipsilateral a la lesión del pectoral, es muy infrecuente. El último reporte en Colombia reportado en la literatura local fue de 2012 en la ciudad de Barranquilla, Colombia. Reporte de caso: Recién nacido masculino, embarazo con control prenatal irregular de inicio tardío. La madre niega consumo de fármacos o drogas psicoactivas. Las ecografías prenatales no reportaron deformidades o malformaciones, sin antecedente de infecciones perinatales. Parto espontáneo, eutócico, sin complicaciones, adecuada adaptación neonatal. Se aprecia parálisis facial y defecto de pared torácica.  Conclusiones: Por tratarse de una condición de baja frecuencia se presenta el reporte de caso. La importancia de un diagnóstico temprano permite definir lesiones o malformaciones asociadas e intervención oportuna para definir un plan de tratamiento y rehabilitación temprana.
Morbimortalidad de recién nacidos prematuros extremos en un centro de referencia de Medellín, Colombia durante el período 2014-2019
Authors: Lopera Bonilla Martha Lucía , Arango Rivera María Victoria , Álvarez Moreno Adriana , Ruiz Giraldo Valentina , Velez Arango Isabella , Franco Hincapié Liliana
Published: January 2024

Introducción: El aumento de sobrevida en niños nacidos pretérmino en las últimas décadas obedece a adelantos científicos y formativos del personal sanitario. Objetivo: Estimar la morbimortalidad en recién nacidos extremadamente pretérmino, evaluar la asociación entre edad gestacional temprana y peso al nacer sobre mortalidad intrahospitalaria en un centro de referencia de Medellín, Colombia. Metodología: estudio observacional analítico, incluye los recién nacidos extremadamente prematuros (24/0 a 27/6 semanas de edad gestacional) ingresados a unidad de cuidado intensivo neonatal de un centro de referencia en Medellín, Colombia entre 2014 y 2019. Las variables demográficas, clínicas y desenlace al momento del egreso se tomaron de historias clínicas retrospectivas. Se evaluó el efecto de la edad gestacional y peso sobre la mortalidad a través de regresión logística. Resultados: la edad gestacional encontrada con mayor frecuencia fue 26 semanas (39%), mediana de peso al nacer fue 790 gramos (rango 440 – 1190). Entre los sobrevivientes la morbilidad al egreso fue 95% y la complicación más frecuente fue displasia broncopulmonar con 85%. La mortalidad fue 48%; se encontró asociación significativa entre la mortalidad y la edad gestacional de 24 semanas (OR = 10,5 IC 95%=1,1 – 103,5) y el peso al nacer menor de 750 gramos (OR= 5,9 IC 95%= 2,1 – 16,2). Conclusiones: La mortalidad en neonatos extremadamente prematuros continúa siendo alta y se relaciona de inversamente con la edad gestacional y el peso al nacer; hay elevada proporción de morbilidad en los sobrevivientes.
Síndrome de Goldenhar, un abanico de posibilidades clínicas
Authors: Mosquera Sepulveda Gloria Valentina , Ayala Lozano Mario Nicolas , Amaya Jinete Carlos Orlando , García Agudelo. Lorena , Cruz Urrego José Luis , Velasco Castro. Julio César
Published: January 2024

Antecedentes: El síndrome de Goldenhar es una entidad clínica poco conocida, que ocasiona malformaciones principalmente en cara, ojos, columna vertebral y orejas. Afecta con mayor frecuencia al sexo masculino, el 85 % de los casos compromete la hemicara, siendo el lado derecho el más común. Reporte de caso: Recién nacido masculino, producto de primera gestación, madre de 19 años, sin antecedentes y adecuado control prenatal, al nacimiento evidenciaron múltiples malformaciones craneofaciales descritas como quiste dermoide escleral en ojo derecho que comprometía la región temporal inferior y superior de la córnea y un coloboma, pabellón auricular con microtia derecha y en hemicara ipsilateral lesión epidérmica levemente elevada, irregular, bordes definidos, con compromiso malar, cigomático y preauricular con micropápulas, además de lesión dermoide sugestiva de aplasia de cutis. Por todas las anomalías descritas fue diagnosticado con síndrome de Goldenhar. Conclusiones: El origen fisiopatológico no está bien definido, sin embargo, se ha descrito que es causado por una alteración de las estructuras derivadas del primer y segundo arco braquial, probablemente influenciado por factores externos pocos conocidos. En este caso, aunque la gestante asistió a todos los controles prenatales, esta alteración congénita solo se evidenció en el momento del parto, por lo que destacamos la pericia de los clínicos para reconocer las anomalías poco frecuentes y así, realizar un diagnóstico oportuno y un abordaje eficaz con un equipo multidisciplinario ya que condicionan un mejor pronóstico y calidad de vida en los pacientes.
On the design of unconventional testing machines for engineering testing – the case study of advanced joining processes unit
Authors: Tenreiro António Francisco G. , Carbas Ricardo J. C. , Marques Eduardo A. S. , da Silva Carlos M. , Lopes António M. , da Silva Lucas F. M.
Published: January 2024

Structural adhesive joining has become a widely used joining method for various types of structures, thus avoiding more conventional joining methods. In this manner, adhesive materials may be present in structures which suffer loading conditions that may not be normally considered in the design phase, such as high-strain rate conditions or creep and torsional loading. In these situations, adhesive properties and mechanical behaviour are sometimes not well understood, thus requiring special machine testing setups that can only be built for the specific application. Therefore, this paper provides a brief overview of proposed machine architectures for a torsion testing apparatus, a tensile & compressive Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB), a drop-weight apparatus and a three station creep testing machine with a climactic chamber. Each testing apparatus has been designed by graduate students during their master thesis projects, and facilitated in the production of interesting and relevant scientific output in the field of structural adhesive behaviour.
Enhanced radiative cooling with Janus optical properties for low-temperature space cooling
Authors: Yang Meng , Zeng Yijun , Du Qingyuan , Sun Haoyang , Yin Yingying , Yan Xiantong , Jiang Mengnan , Pan Chin , Sun Dazhi , Wang Zuankai
Published: January 2024

Passive daytime radiative cooling that could provide sub-ambient cooling emerges as a promising technology to reduce household energy consumption. Nonetheless, prevailing studies are predominantly focused on surface cooling, often overlooking its adaptability to enclosed spaces with active cooling technologies. Here we present a multilayer radiative cooling film (J-MRC) with Janus optical properties in the mid-infrared region, consisting of the nanoporous polyethylene films, the polyethylene oxide film, and silver nanowires. The top side of the J-MRC functions as a conventional radiative cooling material to supply sub-ambient surface cooling, while the bottom side with low mid-infrared emissivity transfers limited heat via thermal radiation to the low-temperature enclosures. Our experiments validate that the J-MRC possesses an enhanced space cooling performance in comparison to the conventional radiative cooling film. This work provides a valuable design concept for radiative cooling materials, thereby expanding their practical scenarios and contributing to reduce the carbon emission.
Continuous-wave GaAs/AlGaAs quantum cascade laser at 5.7 THz
Authors: Shahili Mohammad , Addamane Sadhvikas J. , Kim Anthony D. , Curwen Christopher A. , Kawamura Jonathan H. , Williams Benjamin S.
Published: January 2024

Design strategies for improving terahertz (THz) quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) in the 5–6 THz range are investigated numerically and experimentally, with the goal of overcoming the degradation in performance that occurs as the laser frequency approaches the Reststrahlen band. Two designs aimed at 5.4 THz were selected: one optimized for lower power dissipation and one optimized for better temperature performance. The active regions exhibited broadband gain, with the strongest modes lasing in the 5.3–5.6 THz range, but with other various modes observed ranging from 4.76 to 6.03 THz. Pulsed and continuous-wave (cw) operation is observed up to temperatures of 117 K and 68 K, respectively. In cw mode, the ridge laser has modes up to 5.71 THz – the highest reported frequency for a THz QCL in cw mode. The waveguide loss associated with the doped contact layers and metallization is identified as a critical limitation to performance above 5 THz.
Lightweight and high-strength polyarylene ether nitrile-based composites for efficient electromagnetic interference shielding
Authors: Qin Jianfei , Tong Lifen , He Liang , Liu Xiaobo , Tang Xiran
Published: January 2024

The proliferation of electronic devices and the widespread adoption of microwave-based technologies have resulted in a notable rise in electromagnetic radiation pollution. In present work, a novel flexible lightweight polyarylene ether nitrile (PEN)-based composite for efficient electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding was prepared by introducing dual-loss hybrid material (PKMWCNT@Fe3O4) into PEN via non-solvent induce phase separation method and assembling it layer-by-layer with carbon fiber (CF) fabric. The porous morphology of the PEN layer, the electrical conductivity of the CF fabric, and the dual-loss property of the filler enable the material to reflect and absorb electromagnetic waves multiple times, resulting in superior electromagnetic shielding performance. With the addition of PKMWCNT@Fe3O4 at a mass fraction of 50%, the EMI SE
T
and specific shielding effectiveness SSE/t can reach up to 47.08 dB and 617 dB cm2/g, respectively, indicating absorption dominated shielding mechanism. Furthermore, the material exhibits a lightweight nature with a density of 0.55 g/cm3, and excellent mechanical properties, including a tensile strength of 43.98 MPa and elongation at break of 43.32%. This work presents a new approach to prepare high-performance composites that are both lightweight and resistant to secondary contamination by electromagnetic waves.
Undocumented Youth Activism as Counter-Spectacle
Authors: Negrón-Gonzales Genevieve
Published: January 2024

The increased visibility of undocumented youth in the past decade has challenged public conceptions of who undocumented immigrants are, what they look like, and what role they play in US society. Undocumented Latino migrant youth have complicated the immigration debate not just through their presence, but also through the development of a vibrant social movement born of their experience, making clear that the country’s outdated immigration policy does not reflect the complex reality of immigrants, migration, and the nation. Drawing on Nicholas De Genova’s work on border spectacle, I argue that activism among undocumented Latino youth serves as a “counter-spectacle” that challenges dominant conceptions of (il)legality and undocumented workers, disrupting the link between “criminality” and “illegality.” Using ethnographic data collected from undocumented youth activists in California since 2007, I examine the ways in which their civil disobedience and testimonio act as counter-spectacle and shift conceptions of citizenship in a country entrenched in a debate around who has the right to belong.
Coping familiar no cuidado à criança com síndrome de Down: revisão de escopo
Authors: Souza Meriele Sabrina de , Romano Márcia Christina Caetano , Oliveira Patrícia Peres de , Duarte Elysângela Dittz , Braga Patrícia Pinto
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: mapear as estratégias de coping que contribuem para o cuidado familiar à criança com síndrome de Down. Métodos: revisão de escopo, segundo o método JBI.  Foram consultadas seis bases de dados eletrônicas e uma biblioteca virtual com apoio da plataforma Rayyan. Os critérios de elegibilidade foram estudos disponíveis e publicados na íntegra, que abordassem estratégias de coping no cuidado familiar a crianças com síndrome de Down. A análise dos dados foi do tipo narrativa. Resultados: foram recuperados 381 registros e 14 permaneceram nesta revisão. Seis estilos de coping foram identificados: manejo das emoções, tomadas de decisão, aquisição de conhecimentos sobre a síndrome de Down e situações que a envolvem, busca de apoio, comunicação intrafamiliar e com profissionais e práticas de espiritualidade. Conclusão: para equilibrar as demandas apresentadas pelas crianças e os recursos disponíveis, os integrantes da família precisam adotar estratégias cognitivas e comportamentais para lidar com as adversidades nos cuidados com a criança com síndrome de Down. Contribuições para a prática: o estudo apresenta evidências para nortear enfermeiros e outros profissionais de saúde a guiar famílias na utilização de diferentes formas de enfrentamento diante dos eventos estressores vivenciados por estas.
Vaccine Effectiveness Against Long COVID in Children
Authors: Razzaghi Hanieh , Forrest Christopher B. , Hirabayashi Kathryn , Wu Qiong , Allen Andrea J. , Rao Suchitra , Chen Yong , Bunnell H. Timothy , Chrischilles Elizabeth A. , Cowell Lindsay G. , Cummins Mollie R. , Hanauer David A. , Higginbotham Miranda , Horne Benjamin D. , Horowitz Carol R. , Jhaveri Ravi , Kim Susan , Mishkin Aaron , Muszynski Jennifer A. , Naggie Susanna , Pajor Nathan M. , Paranjape Anuradha , Schwenk Hayden T. , Sills Marion R. , Tedla Yacob G. , Williams David A. , Bailey L. Charles ,   RECOVER CONSORTIUM
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVES

Vaccination reduces the risk of acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children, but it is less clear whether it protects against long COVID. We estimated vaccine effectiveness (VE) against long COVID in children aged 5 to 17 years.

METHODS

This retrospective cohort study used data from 17 health systems in the RECOVER PCORnet electronic health record program for visits after vaccine availability. We examined both probable (symptom-based) and diagnosed long COVID after vaccination.

RESULTS

The vaccination rate was 67% in the cohort of 1 037 936 children. The incidence of probable long COVID was 4.5% among patients with COVID-19, whereas diagnosed long COVID was 0.8%. Adjusted vaccine effectiveness within 12 months was 35.4% (95 CI 24.5–44.7) against probable long COVID and 41.7% (15.0–60.0) against diagnosed long COVID. VE was higher for adolescents (50.3% [36.6–61.0]) than children aged 5 to 11 (23.8% [4.9–39.0]). VE was higher at 6 months (61.4% [51.0–69.6]) but decreased to 10.6% (−26.8% to 37.0%) at 18-months.

CONCLUSIONS

This large retrospective study shows moderate protective effect of severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 vaccination against long COVID. The effect is stronger in adolescents, who have higher risk of long COVID, and wanes over time. Understanding VE mechanism against long COVID requires more study, including electronic health record sources and prospective data.
Бізнесові практики підприємців Півдня України у сфері послуг (кінець ХІХ – початок ХХ ст.)
Authors: Шляхов О. Б.
Published: January 2024

Мета дослідження – висвітлити особливості розгортання підприємницької діяльності у сфері побутового обслуговування населення південноукраїнських губерній Російської імперії наприкінці ХІХ – на початку ХХ ст. Використано методи дослідження: проблемно- хронологічний, історико- генетичний, ретроспективний. Наукова новизна: на основі широкого кола джерел охарактеризовано підприємницькі практики представників ділових кіл Півдня України в царині побутового обслуговування населення в модерний період. Основні результати. Зазначено, що в пореформену добу в регіоні сформувалася численна група підприємців (нараховувала приблизно 3,5 тис. осіб), які вели бізнесову діяльність у сфері сервісу, наживаючи при цьому доволі значні статки. Адже підприємницька діяльність у цій царині не вимагала залучення значних капіталів і характеризувалася достатньо швидким обігом коштів. При цьому найбільші прибутки своїм власникам приносили гільдійські сервісні заклади в Херсонській губернії. Зокрема, готелі в Одесі мали середній дохід 46 тис. крб на рік. Тож саме на Херсонщині наприкінці ХІХ ст. діяла і найбільша кількість гільдійських та негільдійських індивідуальних приватних підприємств, які займалися обслуговуванням населення – 1 575 закладів. Зрештою, створюючи численні готелі, постоялі двори, ресторани, трактири, кав’ярні, перукарні та лазні, їх власники відігравали суттєву роль у задоволенні різноманітних потреб мешканців міст Херсонської, Катеринославської та Таврійської губерній. Слід звернути увагу, що за національною ознакою серед представників бізнесових кіл, які утворювали підприємства в цій галузі народного господарства, переважали етнічні росіяни, євреї та німці. Водночас до діяльності в царині сервісу досить активно долучалися й українці за походженням. Тип статті: описова.
Acervos Digitais e suas Possibilidades: Vivências de Pesquisa a partir da Análise dos Periódicos O Estado de S. Paulo, O Globo e Jornal do Brasil
Authors: Ferreira da Luz Thaíze , Niches Müller Pricila
Published: January 2024

A ideia de escrever este capítulo “a quatro mãos” surgiu a partir de uma fala nossa em um encontro do Grupo de Estudos em História e Mídias, da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), no primeiro semestre de 2021. Nós duas trabalhamos com o mesmo tipo de metodologia no trato da fonte imprensa, qual seja, a Análise de Conteúdo, assim como utilizamos acervos virtuais para desenvolver nossas pesquisas, que têm como marco temporal a Ditadura Militar e a Política Externa Independente, desenvolvida na Dissertação de Mestrado de Pricila Niches Müller utilizando os jornais O Estado de S. Paulo e o Jornal do Brasil como fonte, e o período da Redemocratização do Brasil, com enfoque na eleição e na queda do presidente Fernando Collor de Mello, na pesquisa da Tese de Doutorado de Thaíze da Luz trabalhando com os periódicos O Globo e O Estado de S. Paulo.
Iran 1979: Mission to Revolution
Authors: Maryasov Alexander G.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. The article examines the causes and course of the Islamic Revolution in Iran in 1979. On February 1, 1979, the disgraced Ayatollah Khomeini returned to the country and took power into his own hands. The 1979 revolution was a series of events that led to the overthrow of the Pehi dynasty under Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. It was actively supported by various Islamist and leftist organizations and student movements. The study of various aspects of the development of Iran at that time helps to objectively assess the uniqueness and relevance of its experience in terms of searching for optimal development options for each country, as well as relationships with the world community.

Materials and Methods. The study was based on Iranian media materials. An analysis of the publications of the leading Iranian media of that time was carried out. Covering the violent upheavals through the eyes of eyewitnesses will significantly expand our understanding of those events.

Discussion and Conclusion. Iran is a multinational state with a pronounced Islamic Shiite tradition, in which the principles of ancient Persian culture are still partially embodied. The fall of the Shah’s regime and the rise to power of the clergy, who were not associated with the desire for progress, reflected the desire of the revolutionary forces to create in Iran a socio-economic model that would take into account national and religious characteristics. The created Islamic form of government in Iran (Islamic Republic of Iran) was intended to harmonize the cultural heritage, Islamic traditions and the need for modernization.
Survey of Software Dynamic Analysis Methods
Authors: Kuliamin Victor Viatcheslavovitch
Published: January 2024

The article presents a survey of software dynamic analysis methods. The main focus of the survey is on methods supported by tools, targeted on software security verification and applicable to system software. The survey examines in detail fuzzing and dynamic symbolic execution techniques. Dynamic taint data analysis is excluded due to difficulty of gathering technical details of its implementation. Review of fuzzing and dynamic symbolic execution is focused mostly on the techniques used in supporting tools, not on tools themselves, because their number exceeds 100 already. Also, the techniques of fuzzing counteraction are surveyed.
The Smart City Implementation and Development Model in Realizing Bureaucratic Reform in the Local Government of Cimahi City
Authors: Rohayatin Titin , Abidin AS Zaenal , Ristala Harky
Published: January 2024

This study delves into the implementation and development of a Smart City model as a strategic approach by the Regional Government to achieve bureaucratic reform. The aim is to address challenges associated with inefficient service systems, lengthy processes, organizational structures, and bureaucratic placements that hinder effective government management. Focused on Cimahi City's urban development strategy, the Smart City concept integrates the Internet of Things (IoT) and information and communication technology (ICT) to optimize city assets, enhance law enforcement, streamline government agency information systems, and improve community services. However, despite its potential, the government's Smart City strategy faces obstacles, including server errors, login difficulties, frequent application loading, cumbersome display interfaces, and unresponsive buttons. In response, this research proposes the TRSCM model as a framework for the effective implementation and development of Smart City initiatives, aiming to overcome barriers and contribute to the realization of meaningful bureaucratic reform in government organizations.
Exploring Mediterranean Connections and Iron Age Entanglements
Authors: Mac Sweeney Naoíse , Vives-Ferrándiz Sánchez Jaime , Kotsonas Antonis , Waiman-Barak Paula , Osborne James F , López-Ruiz Carolina , Hodos Tamar
Published: January 2024

Despite the conventional association with sophisticated metallurgical technologies, the Iron Age has long fallen between the two academic poles of prehistoric and classical archaeology. The more recent invention of a self-consciously ambivalent terminology of ‘proto-historic’ and ‘proto-urban’ features represents an attempt by mostly European archaeologists to give the Iron Age socioeconomic substance in its own right, while at the same time also underscoring the ambiguity of the period. Moreover, as the Iron Age has since become synonymous with notions of state formation and urbanization, its deep evolutionist roots have only become more evident.
Notas editoriales
Authors: Díez Jiménez Adriano , Jimenez Villa Carlos , Fontalvo Gomez Roxana
Published: January 2024

En este segundo número de 2023 de Collectivus, Revista de Ciencias Sociales (CRCS), se presenta un contenido científico desde una mirada transdisciplinar en convergencia con las diferentes áreas y disciplinas en la frontera del conocimiento científico, en donde se compone esta edición por ocho artículos que dan cuenta de la intersección e integración de las ciencias desde un pensamiento complejo, la comprensión de fenómenos socioculturales, las migraciones internacionales y movilidades humanas, así como también una serie de aportes relacionados como las representaciones sociales, la justicia socio ambiental y la resiliencia territorial y educativa.
PERSPECTIVES AND OPPORTUNITIES OF GROATS PRODUCTION IN UKRAINE
Authors: Sots S. , Kustov I. , Mashchenko O.
Published: January 2024

Since the beginning of the 21st century, there has been an increase in the share of small enterprises in the grain industry, the number of which is increasing even today. At most of such enterprises, it is impossible to apply the existing longterm full grain processing technologies, there is a reduction in the number of basic technological operations, often not sufficiently substantiated, which affects the quality of the end products, which do not always meet all the basic norms of the regulations applicable to end products. Considering the modern technological solutions offered by leading manufacturers for the production of flaked products and quick-cooking products, it is possible to note the equipment of the Buhler company, which allows to monitor production control and, accordingly, achieve greater production efficiency. To date, the Buhler company offers the batch steamer MBDA for the steaming stage, which is recommended to be combined with the BCFB flaking machine. This technological equipment in combination gives high quality and reliability of the equipment itself, allows to implement energy-saving technologies at enterprises and obtain controlled production of quality products. Today, in addition to traditional grain, such crops as lentils, chickpeas, beans, wheat-spelt, spelt, naked varieties of oats and barley are processed in part or in small batches at the enterprises of the industry. Lentil is a promising leguminous crop for the grain industry. In the world, it is widely grown as a food and fodder crop. Among leguminous crops, lentils occupy an intermediate place in terms of protein content, with a protein content of 25-36%, while the share of carbohydrates is 45-55%, fat - 3-4%. The first variety of «Linza» edible lentils was registered in 2005. After that, the following varieties were registered only in 2017-2018: «Antonina» (2017), «Darinka» (2017), «YeSMaksymum» (2017), «Blondie» (2018), «Harry» (2018), «SNIM 18» (2018), Chrysolite (2018), which indicates an understanding of the potential of this culture both for the domestic market and for increasing the export potential of our country. The last to enter the register were «Serpanok» (2020) and «RED» (2021) varieties, which indicates the continued work of breeders to expand the varietal base of this crop in Ukraine.
Long-Term Effects of Campylobacteriosis in Infants
Authors: Ermolenko Konstantin D. , Ukraintsev Sergey E. , Gonchar Natalia V. , Skripchenko Natalia V.
Published: January 2024

Background. Campylobacteriosis is the leading cause of bloody diarrhea worldwide. Infants have high risk severe campylobacteriosis as well as development of complications affecting the child growth and development. Objective. The aim of the study is to evaluate the long-term effects of campylobacteriosis in infants. Methods. A multicenter, prospective, dynamic, open, observational study included 80 children aged from 3 months to 2 years. The follow-up period after campylobacteriosis was 12 months. Patients were divided into three groups according to the feeding type: 1 — acidified milk formulas, 2 — non-acidified milk formula without a probiotic, 3 — breastfeeding. Physical examination data and anthropometric indicators were evaluated: height, body weight and z-indices. Moreover, qualitative and quantitative indicators of microbiocenosis were evaluated on the 21st day from the disease onset. Results. Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) were diagnosed in 17 children (42.50%) at the follow-up period after campylobacteriosis: functional constipation (n = 11; 27.5%), functional diarrhea (n = 3; 7.50%), infantile colic (n = 2; 5.00%), cyclic vomiting syndrome (n = 1; 2.50%). Disorders of intestinal microbiocenosis were characterized by Bifidobacterium spp. and B. thetaiotaomicron decrease in all groups. Patients with FGID after campylobacteriosis had profound decrease in the level of Bifidobacterium spp., F. prausnitzii and B. thetaiotaomicron, and slower rate of body weight gain. The more profound decrease in body weight gain rates was observed in patients with initially low indicators. 10 (25.00%) patients after campylobacteriosis had no slowdown in body weight gain. 5 of them were administered with acidified milk formula during the convalescence period. 7 children (17.5%) had a decrease in weight-to-age ratio relevant to body weight deficiency, while 6 children (15.0%) moreover had malnutrition in BMI-to-age index significantly more frequently (p = 0.0050) with non-acidified milk formula without a probiotic after completion of the follow-up. Conclusion. The inclusion of children on formula feeding in the complex of therapeutic measures (with acidified milk formulas with probiotics) contributes to the improvement of qualitative and quantitative indicators of microbiocenosis and the rapid restoration of the body weight gain and growth rates.
Compilation or Redaction in the Pentateuch: Reassessing Numbers 25
Authors: Seri-Levi Ariel
Published: January 2024

Although Num 25 is clearly a composite text, the manner of its compilation is still debated. This article presents a new analysis of the chapter as a test case for a fundamental issue in contemporary pentateuchal studies: whether the Pentateuch represents mainly a compilation of independent sources or a series of redactional strata. The analysis is focused on internal considerations of Num 25, suspending any theory of the formation of the Pentateuch, the nature of the Priestly writings, or the status of the book of Numbers. I conclude that Num 25 is more likely to consist of three independent narratives than several layers placed one on top of the other, and suggest several methodological considerations that can be helpful in analyzing other texts in the Pentateuch.
Saul’s Israel, the “Hebrews,” and Identity Politics in 1 Samuel 13–14
Authors: Jang Ki-Eun
Published: January 2024

This article offers a critical reassessment of the Bible’s עברים (ʿibrîm) and the problems of identification associated with the label with a focus on the two anomalous cases in 1 Sam 13–14 that deviate from an overarching pattern of the gentilic term’s etic usage. Building on the literary-historical and philological analysis of 1 Sam 13:3 and 14:2, I delineate the limits of a previous interpretive spectrum and argue that the identity of the “Hebrews” in these two passages is characterized by their collective capability of choosing and transferring political allegiance. This mobile aspect of negotiating political identity that the label “Hebrew” carries is further compared with the usage of the Akkadian term ʿibrum from Mari and the depiction of David’s loyalty to the Philistines and the designation of Hebrews in 1 Sam 29:3. By offering an alternative translation of the “Hebrew(s),” I challenge a conventional categorical paradigm associated with the interpretation of gentilics in biblical scholarship.
MEIOS PROCESSUAIS ESPECIAIS DE TUTELA DA PROPRIEDADE INDUSTRIAL NO SISTEMA JURÍDICO PORTUGUÊS
Authors: DA SILVA LUCINDA DIAS
Published: January 2024

This article aims to analyze the main specificities of the adjective regime that the Portuguese legislator adopted in the Industrial Property Code. The reflection focused, in particular, on four of the main domains to which such special norms respect: the test; precautionary procedures; judicial decision criteria and procedural publicity.
El concepto científico de humedal en la creación del sitio Ramsar delta del Paraná, Argentina
Authors: Levrand Norma-Elizabeth
Published: January 2024

En 2016, un sector del delta del Paraná fue registrado en los términos de la Convención Relativa a los Humedales de Importancia Internacional, especialmente como Hábitat de Aves Acuáticas (UNESCO  1971). Esa categorización requirió la movilización del concepto de humedal dentro de la estructura estatal. El propósito de este trabajo es indagar sobre el contexto de producción y significado del concepto científico de humedal, esencial para caracterizar y enmarcar el sitio en dicha Convención. Mediante una metodología cualitativa, basada en el análisis documental y en entrevistas semiestructuradas a actores clave (funcionarios y expertos), se describe el desarrollo epistémico del concepto en el mundo y se caracterizan los procesos de admisión y adaptación en Argentina, así como su vinculación con la designación del sitio delta del Paraná. Como resultado, se observa que en el ámbito científico se estabiliza la noción de humedal, traducida en una definición vigente en un tratado internacional y en una definición consensuada y adaptada a la situación de los humedales en Argentina. La acción de los expertos y la identificación del delta del Paraná como humedal promovió la inscripción del sitio en la lista establecida por la Convención de Ramsar.
Nasionalisering van die Suezkanaal en die gevolg-like internasionale reperkussies
Authors: Eksteen R
Published: January 2024

In 1956 het Nasser met sy besluit om die Suezkanaal te nasionaliseer die wêreld se aandag onherroeplik op hom gevestig. Die internasionale krisis wat daarna gevolg het, het vrede in die Midde-Ooste ernstig bedreig. Brittanje en Frankryk se besluit om 'n aanval teen Egipte te loods terwyl Israel toe reeds militêr betrokke was, was ondeurdag en sinneloos. Dié fiasko het hul diplomatieke isolasie vererger. Die toenmalige Britse eerste minister, Sir Anthony Eden, wou Nasser ten alle koste uit die weg ruim, maar in die proses is sy eie loopbaan en reputasie vernietig. In Januarie 1957 het Sir Harold Macmillan hom opgevolg. Die alliansie tussen Brittanje en die VSA is erg geknou. Brittanje se finansiële en militêre swakhede is ontbloot en met die Eisenhower-doktrine het die VSA meer direk betrokke geraak by die gebeure. Groter betrokkenheid deur die Sowjetunie het die wedywering tussen die twee moondhede verder laat toeneem. Vir Nasser was die Suezkrisis 'n groot sukses. In die Arabiese wêreld het hy na vore getree as die nuwe messias. Lande wat die koloniale juk wou afskud, het hul politieke heil by Nasser gaan soek. Op 28 September 1970 sterf hierdie legendariese figuur - hy was 53 jaar oud. Sy impak op die internasionale toneel vibreer vir nog baie dekades daarna. Die Suezkrisis kan nie as 'n geïsoleerde gebeurtenis in politieke geskiedenis beskou word nie.