bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patterns of War-Related Traumatic Brain Injuries and Predictors of Mortality Among Civilians During the Syrian Armed Conflict
Authors: Alsalkini Marah , Hanafi Ibrahem , Omarain Ahmad , Ahmad Sulafa , Munder Eskander , ArabHamo Iman , Saleh Muhannad
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

High-velocity weapons were used against unshielded civilians during the Syrian armed conflict, leading to a variety of combat-related traumatic brain injuries with high fatality and morbidity. Because of the lack of data in the literature about the management and outcomes of similar injuries, we aimed in this study to characterize shrapnel and gunshot injuries in this vulnerable group and to describe the association between the mechanisms, site, and type of injury and the outcomes.

METHODS:

This was a single-center retrospective cohort study on new traumatic brain injuries in civilians who presented alive to the neurosurgery department at Damascus Hospital between 2014 and 2017. The analyzed data included the mechanism of injury and its type and site based on computed tomography scans. We also studied the neurological status at admission, the major interventions applied, and outcomes including mortality and neurological deficits at discharge.

RESULTS:

Shrapnel and gunshot injuries more likely affected the frontal and parietal lobes, respectively. While shrapnel led to injuries in multiple body parts, gunshots led to localized but more severe injuries. Despite that, mortality rates were comparable between the two mechanisms. Injuries to the right parietal and right frontal lobes were more fatal with odds ratios of 2.61 (1.23-5.52) and 2.12 (1.00-4.50), respectively. Moreover, mortality was also linked to the radiological findings of loss of brain material with an odds ratio of 3.73 (1.42-9.81), intracerebral hemorrhage with an odds ratio of 3.60 (1.67-7.80), intraventricular hemorrhage with an odds ratio of 5.49 (1.68-17.95), and subdural hemorrhage with an odds ratio of 6.35 (2.29-17.66).

CONCLUSION:

The unfortunate nature of the Syrian armed conflict, wherein civilians were targeted during their daily routine, seems to manifest a heightened propensity to affect the parietal lobes, potentially resulting in higher morbidity. Although shrapnel and gunshot injuries showed no significant difference in mortality rates, injuries involving loss of brain tissue and intracranial hemorrhage emerged as independent predictors of mortality.
Globalización y cultura histórica.: postfolio.
Authors: Subirats Eduardo
Published: November 2023

El conflicto entre símbolos y valores formales internacionales y las culturas locales e históricas en América Latina son el objeto de ese análisis en el cual también se reflejan algunos modos inteligentes de asimilación de los lenguajes colonizadores de características universalistas y enriquecimiento de los lenguajes locales.
Eduardo Torroja. Un siglo (1899-1962).
Authors: Fernández Alba Antonio
Published: November 2023

Recordando al ingeniero Eduardo Torroja, Antonio Fernández Alba reclama la necesidad de nuestra época en recuperar el buen hacer constructivo y la artesanía del detalle, así como encontrarse con la poética del espacio y la materia.
La fiesta falsificada
Authors: Miranda Antonio
Published: November 2023

El autor imagina la gran fiesta como la nueva utopía posible o la ciudad ilustrada sin clases y sin manipulaciones del capital. El aspecto festivo de las producciones capitalistas no hace más que proporcionar evasión de fa realidad y oscurantismo sirviéndose de la falsificación y la mentira de lo estético artístico. La fiesta enmascara la opresión social bajo la forma del anarquismo en sus dos facetas: neoliberal y fascista.
El significado antropológico de lo colosal: del "Land Art" al "Minimal Art".
Authors: Battisti Eugenio
Published: November 2023

El significado, para quienes contemplan urbanísticamente, y viven las consecuencias de lo colosal en la ciudad y en la arquitectura se percibe en términos de una exaltación estética; ante la pérdida de los valores funcional y social, la exaltación de la cualidad virtual de la urbanidad, la publicidad y la arquitectura escenográfica.
Colosos en el crepúsculo.
Authors: Sanz Botey José Luis
Published: November 2023

El autor hace una genealogía del rascacielos hasta la última generación de edificios en altura y ciudades verticales; proyectos asociados a una utopía tecnológica sobre el fondo crepuscular milenarista de nuestra civilización.
La monumentalización de la memoria
Authors: Rodríguez de la Flor Adánez Fernando
Published: November 2023

Construir bibliotecas. En consecuencia, crear todavía nuevos espacios (reductos) de lectura. Erigir, en un esfuerzo último, los lugares definitivos o nichos para el códex, cuya estrella, indudablemente, comienza a declinar. Pero, también, improvisar los nuevos dominios ergonómicos para una pluralidad de consultas multimedia. Tal vez rehabilitar espacios del pasado. Mantener entonces estos espacios bibliotecarios como «lugares de la memoria», para asegurar mejor así un tránsito suave entre ese mismo pasado y futuro. Ello para, lejos de señalar entre ellos una fractura, lograr allí el lugar de una continuidad serena. Emplear en todo momento medios tecnológicos (avanzados).
A dental adventure!
Authors: Tesch Danielle
Published: November 2023

Danielle Tesch tells Dental Nursing about her team's rewarding experiences overseas and hopes to do more.
Making data citations available at scale: The Global Open Data Citation Corpus by Iratxe Puebla
Authors:   DataCite, Puebla Iratxe
Published: November 2023

This poster is presented by Iratxe Puebla, DataCite, at #Crossref2023 annual meeting and board election.
“Who Cares?” Defining Citation Style in Scholarly Journals by Vincas Grigas and Pavla Vizváry
Authors:   Vilnius University Press, Grigas Vincas , Vizváry Pavla
Published: November 2023

This poster is presented by Vincas Grigas Vilnius University. Summary of abstract: Dr. Ian Malcolm from Jurassic Park once said, “Your scientists were so preoccupied with whether or not they could, they didn’t stop to think if they should.” This applies to academic publishing because it has numerous citation styles (10,377 in fact) that cause confusion. Crossref, which registers digital identifiers, reported that only half its registered articles have reference lists. A study of 270 reputable journals showed that most don’t require a specific citation style, giving authors examples instead. APA was the next common style, with others like Vancouver, Harvard, Chicago following. Even unnamed citation styles often matched known styles like APA and Harvard, but with minor changes. Despite digital identifiers’ importance, only 41.1% of journals requested them from authors, yet 78.1% did include them. The citation style choices were influenced more by the journal’s scientific field and less by the country of origin.
Latin Vocabulary and Reading Latin: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Keeline Tom , Kirby Tyler
Published: November 2023

abstract: Scholars agree that you need to know 95‒98% of the words in a text in order to understand it. Using a digital and statistical analysis of a four-million-word corpus, we quantify the challenge of reaching this threshold in classical Latin. The vocabulary distribution has a long tail: to read with fluency you'd have to learn a lot of uncommon words. Because of the nature of the extant classical Latin corpus, this is an almost impossible task today. But Latin learners shouldn't despair. Instead, we should adjust our expectations, our teaching, and our reading practices. We make suggestions for possible changes.
Eli Friedman on Workers’ Struggle in China and Beyond
Authors: Friedman Eli
Published: November 2023

Abstract: Beginning in November 2022, China faced massive demonstrations contesting the strict “zero COVID” policies that left many citizens constrained within their homes and short of necessary materials. Multiple protests erupted in response to conditions faced by China’s workforce, including violent clashes in Zhengzhou against authority figures at the world’s largest iPhone factory. In this interview, GJIA sat down with Eli Friedman, Associate Professor at Cornell University, to discuss the context and ramifications of these protests as well as broader insights about the state of Chinese labor and its relation to the broader world.
Security Sector Reform in 2023 Thailand: Guaranteeing No Civilian Control
Authors: Chambers Paul
Published: November 2023

Abstract: Thailand has yet to undertake security sector reforms that place security forces under effective elected civilian leadership. Instead, it has prioritized improving security force efficiency through digital technology, thus minimizing civilian oversight. This study examines Thai security sector actors and the evolution of civil-military relations and general security sector reform in Thailand. It then analyzes two areas where security sector changes are being contemplated. The paper argues that the military’s long-entrenched political power will likely prevent any security sector reform facilitating civilian control from being implemented unless civilians acquiesce to military control over security sector reforms.
When Sound Change Obscures Morphosyntax: Insights from Seediq
Authors: Chen Victoria
Published: November 2023

Abstract: The Formosan language Seediq displays an understudied case of morphological opacity, where a single phonological innovation has resulted in the syncretism of five Proto-Austronesian functional affixes in affirmative declaratives. How and why these affixes remain functionally intact in modern Seediq has important implications for understanding the tension and interplay between semantic transparency and morphological opacity. In this squib, I demonstrate that the marginal overlap of these affixes' lexical subcategorization may have reduced obstacles to learnability and processing, enabling them to remain functionally distinct despite the absence of morphological distinctions. The case of Seediq therefore highlights the often-neglected fact that sound change-induced morphological opacity may obscure but not necessarily obliterate syntax.
“Go and Do Likewise”: Good Samaritan Hospitality in Elizabeth Gaskell’s Mary Barton
Authors: Chittenden Kelly
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT: Elizabeth Gaskell’s Mary Barton (1848) employs Biblical parables to interrogate the social inequities faced by Manchester’s urban poor. This analysis investigates Gaskell’s interpretation of the Good Samaritan parable by extending the idea of hospitality beyond sympathy to active intervention designed to help a stranger in trouble. Close readings of four key episodes explore the Good Samaritan parable through Esther’s meetings with John, Jem, and Mary, each of whom know her, dismiss her as a fallen woman, and ignore her warnings about impending danger, in effect failing to provide her with hospitality. The Sturgis couple, although strangers, are true Good Samaritans, extending radical welcome and care to Mary and preventing the events Esther warned of. As a result, both Mary and Jem are transformed, and together they put these insights into practice in society. As is true of the Good Samaritan, unconditional hospitality to the stranger exemplifies Jesus’s call in the parable to “go and do likewise.”
Passionate Pleasure and Fearful Mastery: Michael Field’s Sapphos and Da Vincis
Authors: Yamboliev Irena
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT: Michael Field, pseudonym of the late-Victorian poetic duo Katharine Bradley and Edith Cooper, created poems that operated as aesthetic hosts of artworks from previous centuries. The collection Long Ago (1889) hosts the poetic fragments of Sappho, while Sight and Song (1892) transports the paintings of the Old Masters into a new, textual abode. The poems highlight the importance of proportionality in the hosting dynamic, demonstrating how the host-guest relationship is formed by managing allotments of space. The form of Field’s lyrics show-case this negotiation in action through choices based on length and repetition: for example, extending a Sapphic fragment into an eight-line stanza or into forty lines; deciding where, in the original poem, to feature Sappho’s voice; and balancing literal description with impressionistic interpretation of paintings. The emphasis on form reveals how the poet-hosts manage their artist-guests through the poems’ rhetorical shape. In terms of hospitality, these poet-hosts achieve a particular freedom by letting past artworks inhabit their modern-era words.
Impact of ITO layer on the spatial optical distribution of semipolar (20-21) InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells with surface morphology
Authors: Nie Sheng , Shuai Lingxiao , Gong Maogao , Zhang Yun , Liu Bin
Published: November 2023

Textured surface with micro-facets have been widely observed in semipolar and nonpolar III-nitride heterostructures, mainly resulted from the anisotropic growth rate in the growth plane. Polarization and the intensity distribution of surface emissions are both affected by the surface morphology. The indium tin oxide (ITO) layer, serving as the current spreading layer, are usually employed to enhance the current injection efficiency and light extraction efficiency in III-nitride emitters. For semipolar orientation, the introduction of an ITO layer could weaken the anisotropic optical property, especially for the spatial intensity distribution. This paper reports the influence of the ITO layer on the spatial intensity distribution of semipolar (20-21) InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells. The intensity distribution could be shaped from a rectangular-like pattern to a circular-like pattern with the deposition of an ITO layer. The ITO layer allows more light along the [11-20] direction to emit out at a small angle with respect to the surface normal. By further increasing the ITO thickness, the influence of surface fluctuation of semipolar sample decreases, leading to an improvement in the proportion of the light at small angles and a slight decrease in the overall integrated intensity of whole far field. These results will help pave the way to high-performance semipolar emitters with great potential in general illumination and backlighting.
Preconception care utilization: Self-report versus claims-based measures among women with Medicaid
Authors: Stulberg Debra B. , Schumm L. Philip , Schueler Kellie , Giurcanu Mihai , Peek Monica E.
Published: November 2023

The objective of this study is to compare self-reported preconception care utilization (PCU) among Medicaid-covered births to Medicaid claims. We identified all Medicaid-covered births to women ages 15–45 in 26 states in the year 2012 among the Pregnancy Risk Assessment and Monitoring System (PRAMS) survey and Medicaid Analytic eXtract (MAX) claims data, and identified preconception services in the latter using diagnosis codes published by Health and Human Services’ Office of Population Affairs. We fit mixed-effects logistic regression models for the probability of PCU on sociodemographic factors (age, race, and ethnicity) and clinical diagnoses (depression, diabetes, or hypertension), separately for each dataset. Among 652,929 women delivering in MAX, 28.1% received at least one claims-based preconception service while an estimated 23.6% (95% CI 22.1–25.3) of PRAMS respondents reported receiving preconception care. Adjusting for age, chronic diseases, and state, PCU rates in both MAX and PRAMS were higher for non-Hispanic Black versus non-Hispanic White women (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.49–1.54 and OR 2.05, 95% CI 1.60–2.62, respectively). Adjusting for differences in age, race and ethnicity, and state, PCU rates were higher for patients with diabetes (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.29–1.40 and OR 1.82, 95% CI 1.16–2.85) or hypertension (OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.18–1.27 and OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.41–2.44). While Hispanic and Asian women were also more likely to report PCU than their non-Hispanic White counterparts (OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.53–2.80 and OR 3.37, 95% CI 2.28–4.98), they were less likely to have received it (OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.73–0.75 and OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.63–0.67). In conclusion, comparing self-report to claims measures of PCU, we found similar trends in the differences between non-Hispanic Black and White women, and between those with vs. without diabetes and hypertension. However, the two data sources differed in trends in other racial/ethnic groups (differences between Hispanic vs. non-Hispanic White women, and between Asian vs. non-Hispanic White women), and in those with vs. without depression. This suggests that while Medicaid claims can be a useful tool for studying preconception care, they may miss certain types of care among some sub-groups of the population or be subject to reporting differences that are hard to surmise. Both data sets have potential benefits and drawbacks as research tools.
The importance of investing in data, models, experiments, team science, and public trust to help policymakers prepare for the next pandemic
Authors: Grieve Richard , Yang Youqi , Abbott Sam , Babu Giridhara R. , Bhattacharyya Malay , Dean Natalie , Evans Stephen , Jewell Nicholas , Langan Sinéad M. , Lee Woojoo , Molenberghs Geert , Smeeth Liam , Williamson Elizabeth , Mukherjee Bhramar
Published: November 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about valuable insights regarding models, data, and experiments. In this narrative review, we summarised the existing literature on these three themes, exploring the challenges of providing forecasts, the requirement for real-time linkage of health-related datasets, and the role of ‘experimentation’ in evaluating interventions. This literature review encourages us to broaden our perspective for the future, acknowledging the significance of investing in models, data, and experimentation, but also to invest in areas that are conceptually more abstract: the value of ‘team science’, the need for public trust in science, and in establishing processes for using science in policy. Policy-makers rely on model forecasts early in a pandemic when there is little data, and it is vital to communicate the assumptions, limitations, and uncertainties (theme 1). Linked routine data can provide critical information, for example, in establishing risk factors for adverse outcomes but are often not available quickly enough to make a real-time impact. The interoperability of data resources internationally is required to facilitate sharing across jurisdictions (theme 2). Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) provided timely evidence on the efficacy and safety of vaccinations and pharmaceuticals but were largely conducted in higher income countries, restricting generalisability to low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Trials for non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) were almost non-existent which was a missed opportunity (theme 3). Building on these themes from the narrative review, we underscore the importance of three other areas that need investment for effective evidence-driven policy-making. The COVID-19 response relied on strong multidisciplinary research infrastructures, but funders and academic institutions need to do more to incentivise team science (4). To enhance public trust in the use of scientific evidence for policy, researchers and policy-makers must work together to clearly communicate uncertainties in current evidence and any need to change policy as evidence evolves (5). Timely policy decisions require an established two-way process between scientists and policy makers to make the best use of evidence (6). For effective preparedness against future pandemics, it is essential to establish models, data, and experiments as fundamental pillars, complemented by efforts in planning and investment towards team science, public trust, and evidence-based policy-making across international communities. The paper concludes with a ‘call to actions’ for both policy-makers and researchers.
Large-scale releases and establishment of wMel Wolbachia in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes throughout the Cities of Bello, Medellín and Itagüí, Colombia
Authors: Velez Iván Darío , Uribe Alexander , Barajas Jovany , Uribe Sandra , Ángel Sandra , Suaza-Vasco Juan David , Duran Ahumada Juan Sebastian , Mejia Torres Maria Camila , Arbeláez María Patricia , Santacruz-Sanmartin Eduardo , Duque Lorena , Martínez Luis , Posada Tania , Patiño Ana Cristina , Gonzalez Sandra Milena , Velez Ana Lucía , Ramírez Jennifer , Salazar Marlene , Gómez Sandra , Osorio Jorge E. , Iturbe-Ormaetxe Inaki , Dong Yi , Muzzi Frederico C. , Rances Edwige , Johnson Petrina H. , Smithyman Ruth , Col Bruno , Green Benjamin R. , Frossard Tibor , Brown-Kenyon Jack , Joubert D. Albert , Grisales Nelson , Ritchie Scott A. , Denton Jai A. , Gilles Jeremie R. L. , Anders Katherine L. , Kutcher Simon C. , Ryan Peter A. , O’Neill Scott L.
Published: November 2023

Background

The wMel strain of Wolbachia has been successfully introduced into Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and has been shown to reduce the transmission of dengue and other Aedes-borne viruses. Here we report the entomological results from phased, large-scale releases of Wolbachia infected Ae. aegypti mosquitoes throughout three contiguous cities located in the Aburrá Valley, Colombia.

Methodology/principal findings

Local wMel Wolbachia-infected Ae. aegypti mosquitoes were generated and then released in an initial release pilot area in 2015–2016, which resulted in the establishment of Wolbachia in the local mosquito populations. Subsequent large-scale releases, mainly involving vehicle-based releases of adult mosquitoes along publicly accessible roads and streets, were undertaken across 29 comunas throughout Bello, Medellín and Itagüí Colombia between 2017–2022. In 9 comunas these were supplemented by egg releases that were undertaken by staff or community members. By the most recent monitoring, Wolbachia was found to be stable and established at consistent levels in local mosquito populations (>60% prevalence) in the majority (67%) of areas.

Conclusion

These results, from the largest contiguous releases of wMel Wolbachia mosquitoes to date, highlight the operational feasibility of implementing the method in large urban settings. Based on results from previous studies, we expect that Wolbachia establishment will be sustained long term. Ongoing monitoring will confirm Wolbachia persistence in local mosquito populations and track its establishment in the remaining areas.
Reduced dengue incidence following city-wide wMel Wolbachia mosquito releases throughout three Colombian cities: Interrupted time series analysis and a prospective case-control study
Authors: Velez Ivan Dario , Tanamas Stephanie K. , Arbelaez Maria Patricia , Kutcher Simon C. , Duque Sandra L. , Uribe Alexander , Zuluaga Lina , Martínez Luis , Patiño Ana Cristina , Barajas Jovany , Muñoz Estefanía , Mejia Torres Maria Camila , Uribe Sandra , Porras Sandra , Almanza Rita , Pulido Henry , O’Neill Scott L. , Santacruz-Sanmartin Eduardo , Gonzalez Sandra , Ryan Peter A. , Denton Jai A. , Jewell Nicholas P. , Dufault Suzanne M. , Simmons Cameron P. , Anders Katherine L.
Published: November 2023

Background

The introduction of Wolbachia (wMel strain) into Aedes aegypti mosquitoes reduces their capacity to transmit dengue and other arboviruses. Randomised and non-randomised studies in multiple countries have shown significant reductions in dengue incidence following field releases of wMel-infected Ae. aegypti. We report the public health outcomes from phased, large-scale releases of wMel-Ae. aegypti mosquitoes throughout three contiguous cities in the Aburrá Valley, Colombia.

Methodology/Principal findings

Following pilot releases in 2015–2016, staged city-wide wMel-Ae. aegypti deployments were undertaken in the cities of Bello, Medellín and Itagüí (3.3 million people) between October 2016 and April 2022. The impact of the Wolbachia intervention on dengue incidence was evaluated in two parallel studies. A quasi-experimental study using interrupted time series analysis showed notified dengue case incidence was reduced by 95% in Bello and Medellín and 97% in Itagüí, following establishment of wMel at ≥60% prevalence, compared to the pre-intervention period and after adjusting for seasonal trends. A concurrent clinic-based case-control study with a test-negative design was unable to attain the target sample size of 63 enrolled virologically-confirmed dengue (VCD) cases between May 2019 and December 2021, consistent with low dengue incidence throughout the Aburrá Valley following wMel deployments. Nevertheless, VCD incidence was 45% lower (OR 0.55 [95% CI 0.25, 1.17]) and combined VCD/presumptive dengue incidence was 47% lower (OR 0.53 [95% CI 0.30, 0.93]) among participants resident in wMel-treated versus untreated neighbourhoods.

Conclusions/Significance

Stable introduction of wMel into local Ae. aegypti populations was associated with a significant and sustained reduction in dengue incidence across three Colombian cities. These results from the largest contiguous Wolbachia releases to-date demonstrate the real-world effectiveness of the method across large urban populations and, alongside previously published results, support the reproducibility of this effectiveness across different ecological settings.

Trial registration

NCT03631719.
Demand forecasting of cold-chain logistics of aquatic products in China under the background of the Covid-19 post-epidemic era
Authors: Liu Shuai , Chang Le , Wang Lin
Published: November 2023

In the background of the post-epidemic era, the consumption demand and market scale of cold chain logistics in China are expanding, but there is still an obvious gap with developed countries. To complete the balance between the supply and demand for aquatic products and the rational allocation of logistics resources and promote the rapid development trend of aquatic product cold chain logistics, it is particularly important to forecast and analyze the demand for aquatic product cold chain logistics. This article selects six main factors that affect the demand for aquatic products in cold chain logistics, uses the traditional grey model and the grey-BP neural network model to simulate and predict the demand for aquatic products in cold chain logistics in China from 2012 to 2021, and compares and analyzes the simulation results. Generally speaking, the demand for aquatic products from Chinese residents is on the rise. In the simulation prediction process, the prediction error of the grey-BP neural network is reduced compared to the traditional grey model, and the processing ability of the nonlinear system is ideal. The results show that the grey-BP neural network model is an effective method to predict the demand for cold chain logistics of aquatic products. Finally, suggestions are made on the future development of aquatic cold chain logistics in the post-epidemic era from the economic, social, and environmental aspects, which provide valuable decision-making reference for the development of marine aquaculture enterprises and cold chain logistics industry.
Application of transfer learning to predict drug-induced human in vivo gene expression changes using rat in vitro and in vivo data
Authors: O’Donovan Shauna D. , Cavill Rachel , Wimmenauer Florian , Lukas Alexander , Stumm Tobias , Smirnov Evgueni , Lenz Michael , Ertaylan Gokhan , Jennen Danyel G. J. , van Riel Natal A. W. , Driessens Kurt , Peeters Ralf L. M. , de Kok Theo M. C. M.
Published: November 2023

The liver is the primary site for the metabolism and detoxification of many compounds, including pharmaceuticals. Consequently, it is also the primary location for many adverse reactions. As the liver is not readily accessible for sampling in humans; rodent or cell line models are often used to evaluate potential toxic effects of a novel compound or candidate drug. However, relating the results of animal and in vitro studies to relevant clinical outcomes for the human in vivo situation still proves challenging. In this study, we incorporate principles of transfer learning within a deep artificial neural network allowing us to leverage the relative abundance of rat in vitro and in vivo exposure data from the Open TG-GATEs data set to train a model to predict the expected pattern of human in vivo gene expression following an exposure given measured human in vitro gene expression. We show that domain adaptation has been successfully achieved, with the rat and human in vitro data no longer being separable in the common latent space generated by the network. The network produces physiologically plausible predictions of human in vivo gene expression pattern following an exposure to a previously unseen compound. Moreover, we show the integration of the human in vitro data in the training of the domain adaptation network significantly improves the temporal accuracy of the predicted rat in vivo gene expression pattern following an exposure to a previously unseen compound. In this way, we demonstrate the improvements in prediction accuracy that can be achieved by combining data from distinct domains.
Spatial variation of premarital HIV testing and its associated factors among married women in Ethiopia: Multilevel and spatial analysis using 2016 demographic and health survey data
Authors: Tilahun Werkneh Melkie , Tesfie Tigabu Kidie
Published: November 2023

Background

Africa is the most severely affected area, accounting for more than two-thirds of the people living with HIV. In sub-Saharan Africa, more than 85% of new HIV-infected adolescents and 63% of all new HIV infections are accounted for by women. Ethiopia has achieved a 50% incidence rate reduction. However, mortality rate reduction is slow, as the estimated prevalence in 2021 is 0.8%. In sub-Saharan Africa, heterosexual transmission accounts for the majority of HIV infections, and women account for 58% of people living with HIV. Most of these transmissions took place during marriage. Thus, this study aimed to explore the spatial variation of premarital HIV testing across regions of Ethiopia and identify associated factors.

Methods

A cross-sectional study design was employed. A total of 10223 weighted samples were taken from individual datasets of the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey. STATA version 14 and ArcGIS version 10.8 software’s were used for analysis. A multilevel mixed-effect generalized linear model was fitted, and an adjusted prevalence Ratio with a 95% CI and p-value < 0.05 was used to declare significantly associated factors. Multilevel models were compared using information criteria and log-likelihood. Descriptive and spatial regression analyses (geographical weighted regression and ordinary least squares analysis) were conducted. Models were compared using AICc and adjusted R-squared. The local coefficients of spatial explanatory variables were mapped.

Results

In spatial regression analysis, secondary and above education level, richer and above wealth quintile, household media exposure, big problem of distance to health facility, having high risky sexual behaviour and knowing the place of HIV testing were significant explanatory variables for spatial variation of premarital HIV testing among married women. While in the multilevel analysis, age, education level, religion, household media exposure, wealth index, khat chewing, previous history of HIV testing,age at first sex, HIV related knowledge, HIV related stigma, distance to health facility, and community level media exposure were associated with premarital HIV testing among married women.

Conclusions and recommendation

Premarital HIV testing had a significant spatial variation across regions of Ethiopia. A statistically significant clustering of premarital HIV testing was observed at Addis Ababa, Dire Dawa, North Tigray and some parts of Afar and Amhara regions. Therefore area based prevention and interventional strategies are required at cold spot areas to halt the role of heterosexual transmission in HIV burden. Moreover, the considering the spatial explanatory variables effect in implementations of these strategies rather than random provision of service would make regional health care delivery systems more cost-effective.
SVoDs, new norms and the challenge for public service media
Authors: Doyle Gillian
Published: November 2023

The growing popularity of subscription video-on-demand services (SVoDs) has transformed the European media landscape, re-shaped consumption habits, fragmented audiences and made it more difficult for public service media (PSM) organizations to engage especially younger audiences. This article analyses challenges, such as competing against the immense commissioning power of SVoDs, faced by PSM. Focusing particularly on the UK experience, it highlights how, despite the growing prevalence and popularity of SVoDs and their role in promoting wider circulation for material drawn from a variety of international sources, PSM organizations are still recognized by audiences and by television programme-makers as being pivotal to provision of certain sorts of quintessentially local content. As this article argues, the rise of global streamers has both accentuated and altered the ways in which PSM deliver public value, effectively re-positioning PSM as elements of what might be seen as critical media infrastructure.
Piecing the puzzle of VoD offerings: A comparison of eight US and local services in Flanders
Authors: Iordache Catalina , Raats Tim , Pakvis Michael , Asmar Axelle
Published: November 2023

The study conducts a catalogue analysis that zooms in on the small market of Flanders (Belgium), and the content strategies of the eight most popular local and US-based players in the market. Through the comparative analysis, we investigate three main directions. First, we analyse the similarities and differences in the catalogue offerings of US and local video-on-demand (VoD) services. Second, we delve into the strategies of local players as they compete with US streamers and other legacy players. Third, we analyse the share and the characteristics of the Flemish titles on offer. The data was collected in the spring of 2022 and consists of 13,500 title entries. The findings point to a set of complex market dynamics. Local services and US-based players are competing and collaborating to create a jigsaw puzzle of on-demand offerings, through various strategies of complacency, resistance, differentiation and diversification/mimicry.
QUALITATIVE CHARACTERISTICS AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF FRUITS OF VARIETIES AND NEW HYBRIDS OF WILD CHERRY
Authors: Lokteva Anna Vladimirovna , Kukushkina Tat'yana Abdulkhailovna
Published: November 2023

Bird cherry is a valuable fruit plant, used mainly by amateur gardeners in the northern regions of Russia. Bird cherry fruits have valuable biological and medicinal properties and deserve to be included in the diet. The aim of the work is to study the taste and biochemical composition of the fruits of bird cherry varieties, forms and hybrids. The paper presents the results of studies of the taste and biochemical composition of the fruits of bird cherry and bird cherry. Bird cherry fruits are characterized by a high content of solids and varied from 27.03% (No. 14-16-36) to 44.96% (No. 13-2-32), sugars from 28.73 to 54.2%. Bird cherry fruits contain very little ascorbic acid, but a lot of p-active compounds up to 1.41%. According to the content of catechins, the best are selected forms 14-16-36 and 14-1-36 0.86%; 0.53%), and in terms of the number of anthocyanins, hybrids 13-4-57 and 13-8-53 (1.18%). According to the chemical composition of fruits, hybrids and varieties of bird cherry and bird cherry are promising for introduction into cultivation in the south of Western Siberia. Bird cherry is used in the food, cosmetic industry and for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes. Fruit traits were studied in several hundred plants of parental species and more than a thousand hybrids. The data obtained made it possible to determine the average characteristics for each group and establish objective criteria for evaluating the selection of the best samples for subsequent selection work.
BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES OF AGASTACHE RUGOSA (LAMIACEAE), INTRODUCED IN WESTERN SIBERIA
Authors: Kolomiets Natal'ya Eduardovna , Shplis Olga Nikolaevna
Published: November 2023

The report presents the results of the study of the chemical composition of of biologically active substances of various parts and organs of Agastache rugosa introduced in Western Siberia. Agastache rugosa were collected by the authors in July-August 2021–2022 in the territories of Tomsk regions. Water and water-alcohol extracts were obtained from raw materials. The studies was conducted using PC, TLC, UV-spectroscopy, titrimetry. The component composition of the essential oil was studied by GLC-MS on the gas chromatograph Agilent 6890 with quadrupole mass spectrometer (HP MSD 5973N). About 50 individual components were found, 30 of them for the first time. Vitamins (ascorbic acid, carotenoids), polysaccharides, phenolic compounds (flavonoids, phenolcarbonic acids, tannins), essential oil were found in all organs of the plant. Saponins are present in flowers and herbs, but not found in fruits. The presence of acacetin, apigenin, quercetin, tilianine, rosemary acid, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid was found. The difference in the content of biologically active substances in different organs was established. The dominant groups in different parts and organs of the plant are essential oil, phenol carboxylic acids, carotenoids, ascorbic acid. Flavonoids and chlorophyll in all organs of this species belong to the group of minor BAS.
FLAVONOIDS OF THE FAR EASTERN SPECIES OF THE GENUS BUPLEURUM L.
Authors: Myagchilov Aleksey Viktorovich , Gorovoy Petr Grigor'yevich , Sokolova Larisa Ivanovna
Published: November 2023

Compounds of the flavonoid class were isolated from six species of plants of the genus Bupleurum L. growing in the Russian Far East (Primorsky Krai, Magadan Region) by liquid extraction. Five compounds were identified by reversed-phase liquid chromatography: avicularin, rutin, narcissin, quercetin, isorhamnetin. Avicularin has been identified in the plants B. atargense, B. longiradiatum for the first time. The structure of compounds (avicularin, rutin, narcissin) isolated by preparative column chromatography on silica gel in the gradient elution mode with a mixture of solvents (carbon tetrachloride and ethyl alcohol) was proved by NMR-1H, 13C, 1H,13C-HMBC spectroscopy and mass spectrometry with ESI. The sum of flavonoids in the aerial part of six species of the genus Bupleurum L. was determined by differential spectrophotometry, the mass fraction of which varies from 0.58 to 2.92%. The highest content of flavonoids was found in B. euphoiroides – 2.92±0.58%, and the least – in B. longiradiatum (0.58±0.12%). Comparative analysis of individual flavonoids in species of the genus Bupleurum L. revealed the specificity of their accumulation. The main flavonoid in the aerial part of B. atargense, B. euphoiroides is quercetin – 1.14±0.23%, 0.92±0.18%, and in B. triradiatum, B. komarovianum, B. scorzonerifolium, B. longiradiatum – rutin (0.47±0.09%, 0.18±0.04%, 0.32±0.08%, 0.13±0.03% accordingly).
STUDY OF PECULIARITIES OF ACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METALS AND ARSENIC IN MEDICINAL PLANT RAW MATERIALS OF SYNANTHROPIC FLORA OF VORONEZH REGION
Authors: Dyakova Nina Alekseevna
Published: November 2023

Fundamental regional ecological and pharmacognostic studies of the quality of LRS were carried out on the example of the Voronezh region, the peculiarities of the accumulation of the most dangerous heavy metals and arsenic in LRS growing both in traditional places of harvesting and in anthropogenic disturbed ecotopes were studied. The highest concentrations of lead are observed in the roots of medicinal dandelion and common burdock, bird's mountain grass, plantain leaves. The mercury content in all the studied samples is generally low, does not exceed 10% of the MAC. Higher concentrations of cadmium were found in herbs of bitter wormwood and five-lobed motherwort, roots of common burdock and medicinal dandelion, leaves of large plantain. The arsenic content in a number of samples of bitter wormwood grass and common yarrow, big plantain leaves, common burdock roots exceeded the MAC. Nickel is intensively accumulated by the leaves of the plantain of the great and nettle of the dioecious, by the herbs of the motherwort of the five-lobed and the mountain of the bird. The most active concentrators of chromium and cobalt are the roots; chromium also actively accumulates in the leaves of the plants under study. High accumulation of copper was distinguished by herbs. Zinc accumulates to the greatest extent in the studied roots and herbs of plants. Clars of the studied elements in plants of the synanthropic flora of the Voronezh region have been identified, which, along with the MAC, is an important ecological and geochemical indicator for LRS, reflecting the combined impact of technogenic and natural processes occurring in a certain time slice.
DISPERSION OF CELLULOSIC MATERIALS BY AERODYNAMIC METHOD
Authors: Malinovskaya Galina Kirillovna , Smirnova Yekaterina Grigor'yevna
Published: November 2023

The dissolution of primary and secondary cellulose semi-finished products in order to obtain a fluff fibrous product is becoming increasingly important due to the growth of its use in various industries. The existing equipment dissolves the dried semi-finished product, while the cellulose fibers partially lose their paper-forming properties. In the technology of aerodynamic forming of paper, a wet cellulose semi-finished product is dispersed, which preserves the ability of fibers to bond formation and excludes their mechanical destruction.

Fluff pulp was obtained by dispersing dry and wet cellulose semi-finished product оn a laboratory installation for aerodynamic molding. The comparison of the properties of fibers by the value of their specific surface area and the ability to form paper with the strength characteristics required for operation is carried out. The breaking force value of paper formed from wet fibers is 4 times higher than that of paper from dry fibers.

The possibility of using fluff pulp in the manufacture of multilayer paper for sanitary – hygienic purposes, which meets the requirements of GOST Ru 52354-2005 group B in terms of the values of the destructive force, is shown.

The aerodynamic paper disperser can be used as an alternative equipment for separating cellulosic materials while screening the fibers.
Moreira-Muñoz, A., Pina Ravest, Valeria C. de y Mansilla-Quiñones, P. (Eds.: 2023). Geohumanidades. Arte y naturaleza del Antropoceno
Authors: Favila Vázquez Mariana
Published: November 2023

Moreira-Muñoz, A., Pina Ravest, Valeria C. de y Mansilla-Quiñones, P. (Eds.: 2023). Geohumanidades. Arte y naturaleza del Antropoceno. Chile: Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso. 344 pp. ISBN 978-956-17-1055-9
Le Breton, D. (2022).Caminar la vida. La interminable geografía del caminante
Authors: Mendoza Vargas Héctor
Published: November 2023

Le Breton, D. (2022).Caminar la vida. La interminable geografía del caminante. Traducción Hugo Castignani, (Biblioteca de Ensayo 126), Madrid: Ediciones Siruela. 185 pp. ISBN 978-84-18859-80-9
Galindo Escamilla, E. (2021). Burocracia o autogestión. Manejo de pequeños sistemas de agua potable en cinco municipios hidalguenses
Authors: Peña García Alejandra
Published: November 2023

Galindo Escamilla, E. (2021). Burocracia o autogestión. Manejo de pequeños sistemas de agua potable en cinco municipios hidalguenses. Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo. 210 pp. ISBN: 978-607-482-621-0. https://doi.org/10.29057/books.18
Unamuno, M. de (2021). El viaje interior
Authors: De Pina Ravest Valeria Consuelo
Published: November 2023

Unamuno, M. de (2021). El viaje interior. Edición de Miguel Ángel Rivero. Madrid: Biblioteca Nueva. 333 pp. ISBN 978-84-185461-16-7
Bassi, E. (2021). Un territorio acuoso. Geografías marineras y el Gran Caribe transimperial de la Nueva Granada
Authors: Martínez Muñoz María Fernanda
Published: November 2023

Bassi, E. (2021). Un territorio acuoso. Geografías marineras y el Gran Caribe transimperial de la Nueva Granada. Traducción María José Montoya. Colombia: Editorial Universidad del Norte y Banco de la República. 383 pp. ISBN 978-958-789-165-2
Increasing Students' Interest and Learning Outcomes with the Make a Match Learning Model in Junior High School Physics Science Learning
Authors: Wibowowati Lilis
Published: November 2023

Science education can build knowledge, add insight, think creatively, and critically. Science also contains abstract concepts, so that students’ interest and learning outcomes in science learning are not optimal. Teachers have not varied in using learning models, causing students to feel bored and less active in participating in learning. This study aims to increase the students’ interest and learning outcomes in the substance pressure and its application in everyday life using the Make a Match learning model. A total 34 students of VIII grade participate in this study. The research method uses a classroom action research design which consists of two cycles, namely cycle I and cycle II. Each cycle consists of four stages, namely 1) planning, 2) implementation, 3) observation, and 4) reflection. The research subjects were students of class VIII H of SMP Negeri 2 Majenang. Data collection techniques using cognitive tests, observation, documentation, and field notes. Quantitative data were analyzed using quantitative data analysis techniques and qualitative data were analyzed using qualitative data analysis techniques. The results of the first cycle research showed that 68% of students' interest in learning meant that they had not reached the success criteria, 71% of students' learning outcomes had not reached the KKM and 29% of the subjects had reached the KKM, which meant that they had not reached the success criteria. Cycle II shows that 75% of the students' interest in learning means that they have reached the success criteria, 78% of the students' learning outcomes have reached the KKM, which means they have reached the success criteria. The conclusion of the study shows that the application of the Make a Match learning model can increase the interest and learning outcomes of students in learning science on substance stress and its application in everyday life for class VIII SMP.
Influence of Problem-Based Learning on Elementary School Students' Interest in Science
Authors: Sari Fita Permata , Budhiman Arief , Satifah Oriza
Published: November 2023

Elementary school students' problem-solving abilities must be developed so that they are accustomed to formulating solutions. This study aims to determine the effect of problem-based learning on students' interest in science at SD Muhammadiyah Majenang. The nonequivalent control group design was used in this quasi-experimental study. The participants in this study were fourth-grade students from SD Muhammadiyah Pahonjean and SD Muhammadiyah Cilopadang. Student questionnaires and documentation were used to collect data. The data analysis technique used a normality test, homogeneity test, and t-test. The Mann-Whitney test results show that the Asymp Sig. 0.000. This results that the problem-based learning model having an impact on SD Muhammadiyah Majenang students' interest in science. Teachers need to implement science learning using a problem-based learning model.