bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
"MAANO" Studi tentang Sistem Pertukaran Sosial pada Masyarakat Pulau Saparua
Authors: KAKIAY AGUSTHINA CHRISTINA
Published: February 2020

Salah satu sistem sosial-ekonomi yang berlangsung dalam masyarakat pada negeri-negeri di Pulau Saparua, yakni praktik pertukaran sosial ekonomi yang oleh mayarakat setempat disebut “Maano”.Di masa lalu maano bersifat resiprositas murni, tidak berorientasi ekonomis selain hanya untuk membantu orang dengan upah seadanya.Namun seiring dengan masuknya ekonomi uang dalam sistem ekonomi pasar,sistim ‘Maano’telah bergeser, nilai-nilai solidaritas dan kolektivitas masyarakat semakin individualis dan komersil.Kerjasama  dalam bentuk tolong-menolong tanpa pamrih semakin melemah dan bahkan nyaris hilang, diganti dengan adanya pembayaran dari pekerjaan yang dilakukan. Studi ini dilakukan untuk melihat bagaimana pergeseran nilai Maano berlangsung, perubahan-perubahan dalam bentuknya yang sekarang dan  pertautanMaano sebagai sistem sosial ekonomi dengan ajaran Kristen tentang Sharing of Life.
KONSEP HAMBA BERDASARKAN MARKUS 10:44
Authors: Tari Ezra , Tafonao Talizaro
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan menemukan makna hamba berdasarkan Injil Markus 10:44. Umat Kristen menemukan diri sebagai hamba yang taat pada tuannya menjalankan semua tugas yang diembannya. Hamba yang baik adalah mereka yang taat kepada Firman Allah dan sabar menanggung penderitaan. Setiap orang dipanggil kepada Allah melalui Yesus Kristus yang merindukan kebebasan dan mendambakan kehidupan yang bahagia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan penulis adalah eksegesis terhadap teks Alkitab. Selain itu, peneliti juga menggunakan sumber berupa literarur dalam menyelidiki dan menganalisis teks tersebut. Berdasarkan pembahasan, penulis menarik beberapa kesimpulan: pertama, seorang hamba harus taat seperti Yesus. Kedua, menjadi hamba berarti harus menyangkal diri, merelakan diri dan hidupnya untuk melayani orang lain. Yesus adalah contoh hamba yang masih sangat relevan dalam kehidupan kekirstenan hingga saat ini.
ZIPORAH, MARIANCE DAN ALETHA (Sebuah Upaya Menghadirkan Dialog Kreatif antara Ziporah dari Midian dengan Mariance dan Aletha dari Timor-Nusa Tenggara Timur)
Authors: Pulamau Lucy Herlina
Published: February 2020

Patriakhi menempatkan perempuan sebagai warga kelas dua. Dalam lingkaran patriakhi yang demikian, seringkali nilai hidup, kisah, dan pengalaman perempuan dipandang kurang berharga dibandingkan laki-laki. Sebagai salah satu produk patriakhi, Alkitab menghadirkan sedikit sekali kisah perempuan yang berpengaruh dalam komunitas. Kalaupun ada, kisah-kisah perempuan dalam teks Alkitab sering berada di bawah bayang-bayang laki-laki. Kisah Ziporah dalam kitab Keluaran, misalnya, menunjukan dengan jelas bahwa sekalipun ia berperan penting dalam perjalanan kehidupan Musa, kisah tentang dirinya menghilang dalam pasal selanjutnya dalam Keluaran 4. Tidak ada kisah tentang Ziporah dalam teks-teks selanjutnya dalam Keluaran dan semua kisah Keluaran hanyalah tentang Musa dan pelayanannya lalu Ziporah menghilang. Meskipun demikian, Ziporah memberi makna pada tindakan penyelamatan yang ia kerjakan kepada Musa dengan menyebut Musa sebagai pengantin darah. Rupanya, Ziporah bukanlah satu-satunya perempuan yang narasi hidupnya dilupakan atau sengaja dihilangkan sebab perempuan-perempuan di Timor juga mengalami hal yang sama. Dalam situasi yang kurang menguntungkan itu, perempuan-perempuan ini tetap memainkan peranan strategis dalam komunitasnya dan menemukan ruang-ruang untuk pemberdayaan diri dan pemberdayaan komunitas.
Hubungan Paritas dan Pre Eklampsia Terhadap Kejadian Eklampsia Di RSUD Syekh Yusuf Gowa Tahun 2018
Authors: Aspar Hukmiyah , Sudarmi Andi
Published: February 2020

Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dari Rekam Medik RSUD Syekh Yusuf Gowa, pada tahun 2017 terdapat 413 ibu hamil dan pada tahun 2018 periode Januari s.d April terdapat 204 ibu hamil. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan paritas dan pre eklampsia dengan kejadian eklampsia di RSUD Syekh Yusuf Gowa Tahun 2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian analitik dengan melakukan pendekatan Cross Sectional Study untuk mengetahui hubungan antara paritas dan pre eklampsia terhadap kejadian eklampsia di RSUD Syekh Yusuf Gowa.Secara keseluruhan jumlah populasi yang ada sebanyak 204 orang dan didapatkan besar sampel sebanyak 204orang dengan menggunakan teknik Total Sampling. Dari hasil analisis hubungan antara paritas terhadap kejadian eklampsia yang memiliki risiko tinggi dan mengalami eklampsia sebanyak 3 orang (1.5%), sedangkan ibu yang tidak mengalami eklampsia sebanyak  93 orang (45.6%). Dari pre eklampsia ibu yang mengalami eklampsia sebanyak 4 orang (2.0%) dan yang tidak mengalami eklampsia sebanyak 23 orang (11.3%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara paritas terhadap kejadian eklampsia di RSUD Syekh Yusuf Gowa dengan nilai ρ-value (0.444)dan ada hubungan antara pre eklampsia terhadap kejadian eklampsia di RSUD Syekh Yusuf Gowa dengan nilai P-value (0,001). Kesimpulan dari dua variabel ada yaitu tidak ada hubungan antara paritas terhadap kejadian eklampsia dan ada hubungan antara pre eklampsia terhadap kejadian eklampsia di RSUD Syekh Yusuf Gowa Tahun 2018.
Hubungan Umur Dan Paritas Terhadap Kejadian Anemia Di RSUD Syekh Yusuf Gowa
Authors: Putri Susanto Yoan
Published: February 2020

Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara Umur dan Paritas Terhadap Angka Kejadian Anemia Di Rumah Sakit Syekh Yusuf Gowa Tahun 2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian analitik dengan melakukan pendekatan Cross Sectional Study untuk mengetahui Umur dan Paritas Terhadap Angka Kejadian Anemia Di Rumah Sakit Syekh Yusuf Gowa Tahun 2018  dengan jumlah populasi sebanyak 204 orang dan jumlah sampel 204 orang dengan menggunakan teknik Total Sampling. Dari hasil uji statistic dengan menggunakan uji Chi-Square (pearson chi-square) diperoleh untuk variabel Umur nilai P = (0,00) < α (0,05) artinya ada hubungan antara Umur dengan Anemia. Untuk variabel Paritas nilai  P = (0,00) < α (0,05) artinya tidak  ada hubungan antara Paritas dan Anemia. Kesimpulan dari dua variabel yaitu Umur dan Paritas, semua variabel berhubungan dengan kejadian Anemia di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Syekh Yusuf Gowa 2018.
Faktor – Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kematian Janin Dalam Rahim di RSUD Haji Makassar Tahun 2018
Authors: Syarif Darmiati
Published: February 2020

Berdasarkan data pelaporan dan pencacatan RSUD Haji Makassar tahun 2016 jumlah ibu hamil 540 dan yang mengalami KJDR 36, pada tahun 2017 jumlah ibu hamil 400 dan yang mengalami KJDR 35 ,dan pada bulan Januari s.d Juni jumlah ibu hamil 177. Tujuan  penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui saktor-faktor yang hubungan dengan kejadian kematian janin dalam rahim di RSUD Haji Maksassar Tahun 2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian analitik dengan melakukan pendekatan Cross Sectional Study untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian kematian janin dalam rahim di RSUD Haji Makassar dengan jumlah populasi sebanyak 177 orang dan jumlah sampel 177 orang dengan menggunakan Total Sampling. Dari hasil uji statistic dengan menggunakan uji Chi-Square (Fisher’s Exact Test) diperoleh untuk variabel hubungan status gizi ibu dengan kejadian KJDR  nilai ρ (0,01) < ɑ (0,05), artinya hubungan antara paritas ibu dengan kejadian plasenta previa menolak H0 dan menerima Ha yang berarti ada hubungan antara status gizi ubu dengan kejadian KJDR, di peroleh untuk variabel hipertensi dengan KJDR nilai p (0,000) < a (0,05) artinya hubungan antara hipertensi dengan kejadian KJDR menolah Ho dan menerima Ha yang berarti ada hubungan antara hipertensi dengan kejadian KJDR, dan untuk variabel hubungan preeklamsia/eklamsia dengan kejadian KJDR nilai p (0,412) < a (0,05) artinya hubungan antara preeklamsia/eklamsia dengan kejadian KJDR menerima Ho dan menolak Ha yang berarti tidak ada hubungan antara preeklamsia/eklamsia dengan kejadian KJDR Kesimpulan : ada hubungan antara status gizi ibu dan hipertensi dengan kejadian KJDR, dan tidak ada hubungan antara preeklamsia/eklampisa dengan KJDR
Endoscopic management of complications of bariatric surgery
Authors: Rodríguez Ramos C , Guillén Mariscal P , Abraldes Bechiarelli A , Mayo Ossorio MÁ , Aycart Valdés E , Pacheco García JM
Published: February 2020

La prevalencia de la obesidad ha sufrido un rápido incremento en los últimos años a nivel mundial. La cirugía bariátrica constituye el tratamiento de primera línea para la obesidad mórbida, por lo que el número de procedimientos que se realizan se mantiene en aumento cada año. A pesar de los avances en la técnica quirúrgica las complicaciones no son infrecuentes y pueden ser potencialmente mortales. Las estrategias de manejo óptimo no están aún completamente definidas y existe un creciente número de publicaciones sobre este tema en los últimos años. La endoscopia diagnóstica y terapéutica juegan un papel fundamental en el adecuado manejo de estas complicaciones pero es técnicamente muy demandante. Es esencial para el endoscopista poseer un conocimiento básico sobre la anatomía quirúrgica y conocer la fisiopatología de estas complicaciones específicas. Es altamente recomendable que el endoscopista tenga una amplia y profunda experiencia en distintas técnicas y herramientas endoscópicas como la colocación de stents plásticos y metálicos, aplicación de clips e inyección de pegamentos, dilatación con balones o técnicas de sutura. Además, la estrecha cooperación entre el cirujano bariátrico y el endoscopista es el pilar para una adecuada estrategia de manejo de estas complicaciones ya que se necesita una aproximación conjunta y un tratamiento individualizados en la mayoría de los casos.

En este artículo revisamos el estado actual y recientes innovaciones en el manejo endoscópico de las complicaciones más frecuentes tras la cirugía bariátrica, con especial atención al drenaje endoscópico interno como cambio de paradigma en el tratamiento de fugas y fístulas, el manejo de fugas agudas en pacientes estables mediante stents metálicos autoexpandibles cubiertos y el tratamiento d las estenosis de la manga gástrica con balones de dilatación de acalasia.
STUDY OF THE BALANCE STABILITY OF YOGA EXERCISES PRACTITIONERS
Authors: Angelov Vladimir , Tishinov Ognian , Albert Evald
Published: February 2020

Yoga is an ancient system with complex effect on humans. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the different structural groups of yoga exercises on the balance abilities of the practitioners. The object of the research was the balance stability. The subject of the study was the value and frequency fluctuations of COG during the execution of the control balance exercise. A contingent of the study was a group of 25 practitioners. The basic scientific method used for the realization of this research is the method of posturographic analysis. It allows to determine the dynamics of COG. The practical experiment includes measurments after every training impact with various structural groups of yoga exercises. The results concern the movements of the projection of COG. The collected data is presented through tables and graphs. The results reflect the dynamics of the COG during the execution of the balance exercise. Thus, this paper established the effect of the impact of various yogic exercises on the balance stability of the participants.
A NEW APPROACH TO INTERPRETATION OF SALIVARY ALFA AMYLASE ACTIVITY CHANGES AS A STRESS INDICATOR
Authors: Petrov Lubomir , Alexandrova Albena , Lefterov Evtim
Published: February 2020

Contemporary sport induces a serious physical and mental stress in athletes. This could result in lowering of their sports performance. Thus, the evaluation of stress in athletes is an important milestone in their preparation. Establishing levels of stress would allow targeted work by coaches and sports specialists to increase the resistance of competitors to stress. In this regard, the use of non-invasive methods for stress testing is essential. Recently, the use of saliva as a biological research material becomes of increasing interest. The aim of this study was to establish the potential of alpha amylase activity, protein and potassium concentrations in saliva to reflect adequately the degree of stress in athletes. Eleven boxers, participants in the National Championship, took part in the study. Saliva was collected by salivetes three times: 1) one week before the competition, 2) before the draw of lot, and 3) before the first bout. The salivary alpha amylase activity (sAA), protein and potassium concentrations were detected with commercially available kits. The sAA, protein and K+ concentrations rose significantly in stress conditions. The individual values of sAA showed large differences that could be explained by the poly-allelic expression of sAA whose activity depends on the number of alleles (2 to 14) with each individual. All tested indices could serve as indicators for evaluation of stress level in athletes as a high correlation between the protein and K+ and sAA values was found. In order to evaluate the changes in sAA and to compare the individual results between athletes we suggested the sAA to be presented in relative units. The activities, measured in calm conditions long time before a competition could be assumed as a baseline and the coefficient of increase in sAA in a stressful condition could be accepted as a “stress coefficient”.
ANALISIS PERAN LEMBAGA DHARMA DUTA DALAM MEMBANGUN SINERGI DENGAN TIM KOORDINASI DAN INTEGRASI GRAND DESIGN HINDU DHARMA INDONESIA DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS PENYULUH AGAMA HINDU DI INDONESIA
Authors: Awanita Made Wan
Published: February 2020

Grand Design Hindu Dharma Indonesia (GDHDI) dimaksudkan sebagaI panduan bagi para pemangku kepentingan dan seluruh umat Hindu Indonesia, karena mendesain masa depan Hindu di Indonesia pada dasarnya adalah proses yang diskenariokan agar bertahan hidup dan menuju pertumbuhan umat Hindu di Indonesia, baik dalam kuantitas  dankualitas. Kebutuhan mendesak umat pada   saatkini, salah satunya adalah optimalisasi peran dari para Dharma Duta sebagai agen-agen perubahan untuk dapat menjangkau masyarakat dan melakukan pembinaan-pembinaan yang intensif serta efektif dan efisien. Peran Dharma Duta kini telah diwadahi oleh Lembaga Dharma Duta di bawah naungan Parisada Hindu Dharma Indonesia Pusat. GDHDI yang mulai dikenalkan dan ditetapkan dalam Mahasabha X Parisada Hindu Dharma Indonesia akan sangat baik jika didukung dengan kajian yang ilmiah, terutama dalam kaitan dengan peran Lembaga Dharma Duta yang juga sejalan dengan misi dari GDHDI, sehingga perlu melakukan kajian bagaimana Lembaga Dharma Duta dan Tim Koordinasi dan Integrasi GDHDI dapat bersinergi dalam menjalankan road-map grand design yang telah ditentukan.Penelitian ini memakai pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Dalam penelitian ini, data primer diperoleh melalui hasil wawancara dengan informan. Penetapan informan dengan menggunakan purposive sampling. Metode pengumpulan data penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi pustaka, observasi, dan wawancara.Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini antara lain masih dibutuhkannya sosialisasi yang real kepada masyarakat Hindu di Indonesia terkait dengan program kerja yang dimiliki oleh Lembaga Dharma Duta dan GDHDI; masih dibutuhkannya koordinasi yang kuat antara Lembaga Dharma Duta serta GDHDI terkait dengan rencana dan implemtasi kerja yang bertujuan dengan peningkatan kualitas penyuluh Agama Hindu di Indonesia. Dibutuhkan keseriusan serta kefokusan yang tepat dari Lembaga Dharma Duta terkait dengan banyak aspek yang masih dibutuhkan dalam peningkatan kualitas Penyuluh Agama; dan dibutuhkan program dan strategi kerja yang tepat yang harus dirancang bersama oleh Lembaga Dharma Duta dan GDHDI untuk meningkatkan dan memaksimalkan kualitas-kualitas yang dimiliki oleh penyuluh Agama Hindu di seluruh Indonesia.
UPAYA PEMAKSIMALAN PROGRAM EKSTRAKULIKULER DALAM MEMINIMALISIR KECANDUAN GADGET PADA SISWA PASRAMAN DI KOTA BOGOR
Authors: Nugraha I Wayan Aditya
Published: February 2020

Jurnal yang berisikan tentang upaya pemaksimalan program ekstrakurikuler dalam meminimalisir kecanduan gadget pada siswa pasraman kota bogor, menjelaskan tentang memaksimalkan program ekstrakurikuler yang sudah ada bertujuan untuk meminimalisir kecanduan pada siswa pasraman. Karena masalah terkini yang berkaitan antara kemajuan teknologi dan kecanduan pada teknologi tersebut.
DISIPLIN: SIKAP DAN PERILAKU TAAT
Authors: Suleman Dede
Published: February 2020

The leader is happy, when he sees an orderly employee at work, systematic in solving problems, listening to orders, pay attention to standards, be careful when working, respect the opinions of others, work together as a solid team, and so on. Indeed that is discipline. This research seeks to dig up information, obtain data, analyze findings, provide conclusions and suggestions. To prove this, a series of scientific methods was carried out using a quantitative approach and regression analysis. Data collection techniques using questionnaires and random samples. This finding suggests, that a person is said to be disciplined if his attitude is in accordance with his behavior. His behavior is measurable proof of discipline, and has implications for organizational goals
DILEMATIS UMKM DI ERA DIGITAL
Authors: Saprianto Febi
Published: February 2020

UMKM is a pillar for most Indonesian people. This is proof, the state must be present, by providing facilities, such as guaranteeing economic stability, stable prices, ease of capital, partnerships, etc. Especially in the current digital era. MSMEs must take a role, by utilizing existing resources, and optimizing technology. this research is present as a form of proof of the role of MSMEs for the welfare of society. on the other hand, see what things are becoming a nuisance to MSMEs. To test the problem formulation, a qualitative approach is used. Where the research emphasis is on what happens to the SMEs, especially in the South Tangerang region. Observation was chosen as a way to obtain convincing data. Research results show, that MSMEs have not been able to exploit the digital era, plus the role of the state has not been felt
DISIPLIN KERJA DI MATA KARYAWAN DAN IMPLEMENTASINYA
Authors: Harras Hadyati
Published: February 2020

Discipline is an organization attitude, whose mistakes affect balance. Even in the worst cases, discipline can damage the environment. This condition should be avoided. Because really discipline is the attitude of success. This study aims to explore information about discipline, especially individually, how and what discipline they have. The method used in this research is survey. Then the derivatives use observation, in it there is an interview. The results of the study revealed, 1) the background dominated the attitude of the discipline. 2) knowledge or education strengthen discipline. and 3) rules are instructions on how to be disciplined. This confirms, discipline in principle the individual part. Therefore placing and treating it must be a humanitarian approach. However, organizations can mix disciplines as the goals of the organization
Ages of Dwarfs in the Solar Neighborhood: Considering C and O Enhancements
Authors: Chen Xunzhou , Ge Zhishuai , Chen Yuqin , Bi Shaolan , Yu Jie , Li Tanda , Li Yaguang , Ferguson J. W.  , Zhang Jinghua , Wu Yaqian
Published: February 2020

Precise stellar ages of stars are necessary to study the evolution of the Milky Way. The age determination is significantly affected by C and O abundances of stars due to their contribution to the overall metallicity and opacity. On the basis of C and O abundances derived from high-resolution observations, we determine the ages of 148 FGK-type dwarfs in the solar neighborhood by considering C and O enhancements individually. Our results show that using C and O enhancements individually could affect the age determination of the high-α population, especially for stars with [O/α] > 0.2 dex, making them about 1 Gyr younger compared to the results using traditional α-enhanced models. This results in a steeper slope in the age–[α/Fe] relation for the high-α population (changes from 0.0339 ± 0.0075 to 0.0436 ± 0.0086), indicating a higher formation rate. We find no tight relation between age and [α/Fe] or [O/Fe] in the high-α populations. The distribution of space velocity for young α-rich stars shows that they are more likely characterized to the low-α populations.
On eight species of jumping spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae)
Authors: Wang Cheng , Li Shuqiang
Published: February 2020

Seven new species of jumping spiders collected from Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, China are diagnosed and described:Cytaea tongisp. nov.(♂♀),Dexippus pengisp. nov.(♂♀),Euophrys subwanyansp. nov.(♂♀),Gelotia liuaesp. nov.(♂♀),Irura lvshilinensissp. nov.(♂♀),Rhene menglunensissp. nov.(♂♀), andSiler zhangaesp. nov.(♂). The female ofGelotia zhengiCao & Li, 2016 is described for the first time.
Les discriminations à l’embauche dans la sphère publique : effets respectifs de l’adresse et de l’origine
Authors: Petit Pascale , Bunel Mathieu , L’Horty Yannick
Published: February 2020

Cette étude évalue la discrimination dans l’accès à l’emploi privé et public selon deux critères, une origine maghrébine et une adresse en quartier de la politique de la ville, à l’aide d’un testing sur trois professions où les recruteurs publics sont en concurrence avec des recruteurs privés : responsables administratifs, techniciens de maintenance et aides-soignants. Entre octobre 2015 et avril 2016, nous avons envoyé 3 258 candidatures en réponse à 1 086 offres d’emploi. L’étude consiste en une exploitation statistique et économétrique des résultats de ces envois. Nous ne trouvons pas que les discriminations à l’embauche sont plus faibles dans la fonction publique que dans le secteur privé et nous montrons que les fonctions publiques hospitalière et territoriale sont plus exposées au risque discriminatoire que la fonction publique d’État, pour les deux critères. Classification JEL  : C81, C93, J15, J45, J71.
Le multiplicateur budgétaire endogène au cycle dans un modèle macroéconomique post-keynésien
Authors: Charles Sébastien
Published: February 2020

Cet article propose une synthèse du concept de multiplicateur budgétaire variable et avance de nouvelles pistes d'analyse de celui-ci. Récemment, de nombreuses études ont montré que le multiplicateur était endogène à l’activité, augmentant en période de récession et diminuant en période d'expansion. Dans ce qui suit, nous démontrons que cette variabilité peut être expliquée, en partie, par des propensions à épargner et à importer qui fluctuent au cours du cycle. Ainsi, nous intégrons des propensions endogènes au taux d’utilisation des capacités productives dans un modèle post-keynésien. Nous effectuons également quelques simulations montrant que le multiplicateur augmente en récession, ce qui ne plaide pas pour une politique d’austérité en temps de crise.
Analyse systématique du modèle de Bhaduri et Marglin à prix flexibles
Authors: Botte Florian , Dallery Thomas
Published: February 2020

La calibration et l’étude de la plausibilité de modèles aussi stylisés que le modèle post-kaleckien font débat. Dans cet article, nous présentons une méthode de simulation numérique permettant d’étudier les propriétés de stabilité d’un modèle qui dépendent de sa calibration. Plutôt que de calibrer un modèle en retenant les valeurs des paramètres non observables qui produisent des valeurs « réalistes » des variables d’équilibre, nous proposons de regarder ce qui se produit dans un modèle lorsqu’on estime les paramètres non observables et qu’on les combine : le modèle produit-il alors des valeurs plausibles pour les variables d’équilibre ? Nous utilisons cette méthode sur le modèle de Bhaduri et Marglin avec ajustement des prix. Nous montrons que le modèle peine à produire un nombre satisfaisant de valeurs plausibles pour les variables d’équilibre. Nous étudions également les conditions de stabilité du modèle (en dimension et en proportion), et nous démontrons que des configurations théoriquement envisageables n’ont pas de contrepartie numériquement plausible pour des valeurs réalistes des paramètres composant le modèle. L’étude fine d’un calibrage ainsi pensé permet de relativiser la probabilité de rencontrer l’ensemble des dynamiques possibles sur le plan analytique.
Vers une caractérisation synthétique des régimes monétaires en économie capitaliste : conceptualisation et jalons pour une application au cas du régime monétaire européen
Authors: Mazzotta Vittorio
Published: February 2020

Nous construisons, dans cet article, une caractérisation synthétique du régime monétaire en partant des travaux régulationnistes. Nous arrivons à une présentation d’un régime monétaire en deux niveaux : le premier constituant le cadre institutionnel permettant de réguler le conflit entre capital financier et capital industriel et le deuxième correspondant à une marge de manœuvre politique servant au régime à se reproduire en temps normal et à se maintenir en l’état en cas de crise. Nous appliquons cette grille de lecture au cas de la zone euro et montrons que le capital financier surplombe le capital industriel et qu’il prend majoritairement la forme de capital fictif. Nous analysons ensuite le rôle de la politique monétaire et des mesures de réglementation financière dans ce cadre. Nous remarquons que la politique monétaire et la politique financière sont toujours effectuées en cohérence avec cet état des rapports de force entre capital financier et industriel.
Éléments institutionnalistes pour la mise en perspective historique du concept de monnaie endogène
Authors: Laurentjoye Thibault , Malherbe Léo
Published: February 2020

Cet article a pour but d’apporter une contribution d’inspiration institutionnaliste aux débats qui entourent la question de l’endogénéité de la monnaie. Après avoir rappelé les éléments centraux et le contexte d’élaboration de la théorie de la monnaie endogène chez les post-keynésiens, nous porterons un intérêt particulier à la controverse qui anime les tenants de l’endogénéité dite « évolutionnaire » d’une part, et les tenants de l’endogénéité dite « révolutionnaire » de l’autre. Le point d’achoppement entre ces deux approches renvoie à la mise en perspective historique du concept de monnaie endogène. Il s’agit de savoir si, au cours de l’Histoire, la quantité de monnaie s’est toujours ajustée de manière endogène aux variations de la demande. Pour répondre à cette question, nous proposons d’aborder l’endogénéité de la monnaie en distinguant deux échelles croisées d’analyse. Une première échelle doit séparer le temps long (celui du changement institutionnel) du temps court (celui des ajustements macroéconomiques). Pour chacune de ces temporalités, nous distinguons ensuite l’analyse de l’endogénéité à l’échelle des instruments monétaires de l’analyse de l’endogénéité à l’échelle du système monétaire. L’ajustement de l’offre à la demande de monnaie dans le temps court doit prendre en compte la diversité des instruments monétaires qui constituent le système monétaire étudié ; tandis que l’endogénéité dans le temps long renvoie à l’évolution du poids relatif, au sein du système, des instruments monétaires.
Ressources renouvelables et croissance économique : suggestions médiévales et questions contemporaines
Authors: Arnoux Mathieu
Published: February 2020

L’histoire économique, longtemps un terrain de rencontre pour les historiens et les économistes, puis un territoire déserté, faute d’un langage partagé par les uns et les autres, tend à être réinvestie par les spécialistes de la modélisation, sans pour autant que s’amorce un véritable échange interdisciplinaire. À partir d’exemples relatifs à l’histoire économique européenne des xie et xiie siècles, on propose de rouvrir le dialogue entre les deux communautés en montrant que l’usage de modes de démonstration différents n’interdit pas aux historiens de décrire de manière adéquate les processus de transformation, et offre dans le même temps aux économistes un terrain expérimental ou mettre leurs concepts à l’épreuve. Il s’agit aussi de souligner que la non-coïncidence des vocabulaires n’est pas un obstacle au dialogue interdisciplinaire.
Natural and Induced Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells
Authors: Iberg Courtney A. , Hawiger Daniel
Published: February 2020

Dendritic cells (DCs) are highly susceptible to extrinsic signals that modify the functions of these crucial APCs. Maturation of DCs induced by diverse proinflammatory conditions promotes immune responses, but certain signals also induce tolerogenic functions in DCs. These “induced tolerogenic DCs” help to moderate immune responses such as those to commensals present at specific anatomical locations. However, also under steady-state conditions, some DCs are characterized by inherent tolerogenic properties. The immunomodulatory mechanisms constitutively present in such “natural tolerogenic DCs” help to promote tolerance to peripheral Ags. By extending tolerance initially established in the thymus, these functions of DCs help to regulate autoimmune and other immune responses. In this review we will discuss the mechanisms and functions of natural and induced tolerogenic DCs and offer further insight into how their possible manipulations may ultimately lead to more precise treatments for various immune-mediated conditions and diseases.
Psychosocial Factors Associated with Smoking Cessation Attempts in Korean High School Students Who Engage in Intermittent and Light Smoking
Authors: Ra Jin Suk , Jeong Yeon-Hee
Published: February 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to identify psychosocial factors associated with smoking cessation attempts among Korean high school students who engage in intermittent and light smoking.Methods: Cross-sectional secondary data derived from the 2018 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey were analyzed within the framework of the biopsychosocial model. The sample comprised 829 high school students who reported current intermittent and light smoking, which was defined as cigarette smoking on 1~29 days in a 30-day period and no more than 10 cigarettes per day. Purposeful selection logistic regression analysis was performed.Results: In total, 71.7% (n=586) of the respondents had tried to stop smoking during the past 12 months. The main result was that respondents who had viewed an anti-smoking advertisement in the past year significantly more smoking cessation attempts than those who had not (adjusted odds ratio=2.59; 95% confidence interval=1.45~4.62, p=.001).Conclusion: To encourage smoking cessation attempts among high school students who engage in intermittent and light smoking, healthcare providers, including school and community nurses, should develop effective interventions using anti-smoking advertisements tailored to adolescents’ interests and developmental stage.
Effects of an Infant Care Education Program for Mothers of Late-preterm Infants on Parenting Confidence, Breastfeeding Rates, and Infants' Growth and Readmission Rates
Authors: Jang Eun Hye , Ju Hyeon Ok
Published: February 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of an education program for mothers of late-preterm infants on parenting confidence, breastfeeding rate, and infants’ growth and readmission rate.Methods: The participants were 53 mothers of late-preterm infants (26 in the experimental group and 27 in the control group). The experimental group was administered the late-preterm care education program while the control group received standard care. The program consisted of two sessions during hospitalization after birth, one session at the time of discharge, and telephone and social networking service consultations at weekly intervals for the month following discharge. The collected data were analyzed using the t-test, x2 test, and repeated-measures analysis of variance.Results: Parenting confidence and the breastfeeding rate were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group. However, there was no significant difference in the late-preterm infants’ growth and readmission rates between the experimental and control groups.Conclusion: A care education program for mothers of late-preterm infants can be a useful nursing intervention in clinical practice.
Essential Dimension, Symbol Length and -rank
Authors: Chapman Adam , McKinnie Kelly
Published: February 2020

We prove that the essential dimension of central simple algebras of degree $p^{\ell m}$ and exponent $p^{m}$ over fields $F$ containing a base-field $k$ of characteristic $p$ is at least $\ell +1$ when $k$ is perfect. We do this by observing that the $p$-rank of $F$ bounds the symbol length in $\text{Br}_{p^{m}}(F)$ and that there exist indecomposable $p$-algebras of degree $p^{\ell m}$ and exponent $p^{m}$. We also prove that the symbol length of the Kato-Milne cohomology group $\text{H}_{p^{m}}^{n+1}(F)$ is bounded from above by $\binom{r}{n}$ where $r$ is the $p$-rank of the field, and provide upper and lower bounds for the essential dimension of Brauer classes of a given symbol length.
Niveau de répartition des polynômes quadratiques et crible majorant pour les entiers friables
Authors: de la Bretèche Régis , Drappeau Sary
Published: February 2020

We obtain new estimates on the level of distribution of the set

\{Q(n)\}

where

Q\in\mathbb Z[X]

is irreducible quadratic, for well-factorable moduli, improving a result due to Iwaniec. As a by-product of our arguments, we study the Chebyshev problem of estimating max

\{P^+(n^2-D), n\leq x\}

and make explicit, in Deshouillers–Iwaniec's state-of-the-art result, the dependence on the Selberg eigenvalue conjecture.

Combined with the construction of an upper-bound sieve for numbers free of large factors, we obtain new upper bounds for the quantity

\Psi_Q(x, y) = |\{n\leq x: p\mid Q(n)\Rightarrow p\leq y\}|

for

Q\in\mathbb Z[X]

linear or quadratic.
Hydrogen Embrittlement of Low Alloy Steels Under Cathodic Polarization
Authors: Thodla Ramgopal , Sridhar Narasi , Amaya Herman , Fahimi Behrang , Taylor Christopher
Published: February 2020

Hydrogen embrittlement of low alloys steels at three different strength levels (745 Mega Pascals [MPa], 904 MPa, and 1,166 MPa) were evaluated under cathodic polarization. Crack growth rate measurements were performed under constant stress intensity (K) conditions, as a function of applied K values as well as applied potential to characterize the behavior of the three different steels. At −1,050 mVSCE saturated calomel electrode (SCE), the threshold stress intensity (Kth) value increased from 44 MPa√m to 60 MPa√m as the yield strength decreased from 1,166 MPa to 745 MPa. The crack growth rate at 66 MPa√m and −1,050 mVSCE decreased from 3 × 10−5 mm/s to 4 × 10−8 mm/s as the yield strength decreased from 1,166 MPa to 745 MPa. For the 1,166 MPa steel at low values of K, the crack growth rate decreased by two orders of magnitude as the potential decreased from −1,000 mVSCE to −950 mVSCE. At higher values of K, the effect of potential on the crack growth rate was not as significant. The 745 MPa steel in general exhibited slow crack growth rate values (2 to 4 × 10−8 mm/s) over the range of K values and applied potentials in which it was evaluated. Water adsorption on fresh metal surfaces in the estimated crack tip chemistry was modeled using density functional theory. The variation in crack growth rate with applied potential at low and intermediate values of K correlated with the fractional coverage of water adsorption on the fresh metal surface. It is proposed that the water reduction reaction and the subsequent generation of hydrogen are the rate limiting steps in the slow subcritical crack growth rate processes for low alloy steels under the conditions evaluated. For the higher values of K, where the crack growth rate showed a weak dependence on applied potential, water reduction, and generation of hydrogen are likely not the rate limiting steps.
An integrative review of the limited evidence on international travel bans as an emerging infectious disease disaster control measure
Authors: Errett, PhD, MSPH Nicole A. , Sauer, MS Lauren M. , Rutkow, PhD, JD, MPH Lainie
Published: February 2020

In our increasingly interconnected world, the potential for emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) to spread globally is of paramount concern. Travel bans—herein defined as the complete restriction of travel from at least one geographic region to at least one other international geographic region—are a potential policy solution to control the global spread of disease. The social, economic, and health-related consequences of travel bans, as well as the available evidence on the effectiveness of travel restrictions in preventing the global spread of influenza, have been previously described. However, the effectiveness of travel bans in reducing the spread of noninfluenza EIDs, characterized by different rates and modes of transmission, is less well understood. This study employs an integrative review approach to summarize the minimal evidence on effectiveness of travel bans to decrease the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome (MERS), Ebola virus disease (EVD), and Zika virus disease (ZVD). We describe and qualify the evidence presented in six modeling studies that assess the effectiveness of travel bans in controlling these noninfluenza EID events. We conclude that there is an urgent need for additional research to inform policy decisions on the use of travel bans and other control measures to control  noninfluenza EIDs in advance of the next outbreak.
The role of 3D-CFD simulation in optimizing pre-emergency responses
Authors: Widagdo, MSc, MBA Nugrahanto , Cahyono, MSc Teguh
Published: February 2020

Consequences of an incident resulted from the release of hazards shall be mitigated to limit the undesirable effects. Emergency preparedness and response should address the duration and severity of the events and also prevent escalation. Therefore, emergency response plans are prepared, along with other related procedures, which are commonly called as preemergency responses. These plans or procedures are quick guidance used by the response team to handle emergency cases especially when it deals with critical equipment or condition. Each plan or case must involve related protection equipment available on site along with sequence for emergency command and hazard analysis.Common analysis provides only the highest magnitude of case or event (worst case scenario), therefore,this information could drive sequential preventive/mitigative actions which require significantly huge company resources to be deployed. To improve efficiency and effectiveness of this strategy, a review of consequence analysis using computational fluid dynamics approach is proposed. Several advantages of using this method are high quality presentation and visualization of phenomenon, ability to provide result monitoring over the period of time, and capacity to use several parameters on the analysis which were not available using the standard approach. Furthermore, this approach can enrich the information contained on the plans/procedures and enhance the quality of the plan representation to match with the actual scenarios. Hence by upgrading this pre-emergency response plans and procedures, it is expected that the emergency preparedness measures will be more comprehensively assessed and ready to provide best and optimum responses in emergencies.
Volume 18, Number 1
Authors: Emergency Management Journal of
Published: February 2020

January/February 2020
Large difference in aerosol radiative effects from BVOC-SOA treatment in three ESMs
Authors: Sporre Moa K. , Blichner Sara M. , Schrödner Roland , Karset Inger H. H. , Berntsen Terje K. , van Noije Twan , Bergman Tommi , O'Donnell Declan , Makkonen Risto
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) emitted from vegetation are oxidized in the atmosphere and can form aerosol particles either by contributing to new particle formation or by condensing onto existing aerosol particles. As the understanding of the importance of BVOCs for aerosol formation has increased over the past 10 years these processes have made their way into Earth System Models (ESMs). In this study, sensitivity experiments are run with three different ESMs, (the Norwegian Earth System Model (NorESM), EC-Earth and ECHAM) to investigate how the direct and indirect aerosol radiative effects are affected by changes in the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) from BVOCs. In the first two sensitivity model experiments, the yields of SOA precursors from oxidation of BVOCs are changed by ± 50 %. For the third sensitivity test, the formed oxidation products do not participate in the formation of new particles, but are only allowed to condense onto existing aerosols. In the last two sensitivity experiments, the emissions of BVOC compounds (isoprene and monoterpenes) are turned off, one at a time. The results show that the impact on the direct radiative effect (DRE) are linked to the changes in the SOA production in the models, where more SOA leads to a stronger DRE and vice versa. The magnitude by which the DRE changes (maximally 0.15 W m−2 globally averaged) in response to the SOA changes however varies between the models, with EC-Earth displaying the largest changes. The results for the cloud radiative effects (CRE) are more complicated than for the DRE. The changes in CRE differ more among the ESMs and for some sensitivity experiments they even have different signs. The most sensitive models are NorESM and EC-Earth, which has CRE changes of up to 0.82 W m−2. The varying responses in the different models are connected to where in the aerosol size distributions the changes in mass and number due to SOA formation occur, in combination with the aerosol number concentration levels in the models. We also find that interactive gas-phase chemistry as well as the new particle formation parameterization have important implications for the DRE and CRE in some of the sensitivity experiments. The results from this study indicate that BVOC-SOA treatment in ESMs can have a substantial impact on the modelled climate but that the sensitivity varies greatly between the models. Since BVOC emissions have changed historically and will continue to change in the future, the spread in model results found in this study introduces uncertainty into ESM estimates of aerosol forcing from land-use change and BVOC feedback strengths.
Microphysics and dynamics of snowfall associated to a warm conveyor belt over Korea
Authors: Gehring Josué , Oertel Annika , Vignon Étienne , Jullien Nicolas , Besic Nikola , Berne Alexis
Published: February 2020

Abstract. On 28 February 2018, 57 mm of precipitation associated to a warm conveyor belt (WCB) fell within 21 h over South Korea. To investigate how the large-scale circulation influenced the microphysics of this intense precipitation event, we used radar measurements, snowflake photographs and radiosounding data from the International Collaborative Experiments for Pyeongchang 2018 Olympic and Paralympic winter games. The WCB was identified with trajectories computed with analysis wind fields from the Integrated Forecast System global atmospheric model. The WCB was collocated with a zone of enhanced wind speed of up to 45 m s−1 at 6500 m a.s.l., as measured by a radiosonde and a Doppler radar. Supercooled liquid water (SLW) with concentrations exceeding 0.2 g kg−1 was produced during the rapid ascent within the WCB. Vertical profiles of polarimetric radar variables show during the most intense precipitation period a peak and subsequent decrease in differential reflectivity as aggregation starts. Below the peak in differential reflectivity, the specific differential phase shift continues to increase, indicating early riming of oblate crystals and secondary ice generation. We hypothesise that the SLW produced in the WCB led to intense riming. Moreover, embedded convection in the WCB and turbulence at its lower boundary enhanced aggregation by increasing the probability of collisions between particles. This suggests that both aggregation and riming occurred prominently in this WCB. This case study shows how the large-scale atmospheric flow of a WCB provides ideal conditions for rapid precipitation growth involving SLW production, riming and aggregation. Future microphysical studies should also investigate the synoptic conditions to understand how observed processes in clouds are related to the large-scale circulation.
Dissolved CH4 coupled to Photosynthetic Picoeukaryotes in Oxic Waters and Cumulative Chlorophyll-a in Anoxia
Authors: León-Palmero Elizabeth , Contreras-Ruiz Alba , Sierra Ana , Morales-Baquero Rafael , Reche Isabel
Published: February 2020

Abstract. CH4 emissions from reservoirs are responsible for the majority of the atmospheric climatic forcing of these aquatic ecosystems, comparable to emissions from paddies or biomass burning. Primarily, CH4 is produced during the anaerobic mineralization of organic carbon in the anoxic sediments by methanogenic archaea. However, the origin of the recurrent and ubiquitous CH4 supersaturation in oxic waters (i.e., methane paradox) is still controversial. Here, we determined the dissolved CH4 concentration in the water column of twelve reservoirs during the summer stratification and the winter mixing. We obtained that the dissolved CH4 concentration varied up to four orders of magnitude (0.02–213.64 μM), and all depths were consistently supersaturated (710–7082234 %) in both periods. Phytoplanktonic sources of carbon appear to determine the concentration of CH4 in the reservoirs. In the anoxic waters, the depth-cumulative chlorophyll-a concentration, a proxy for the total phytoplanktonic biomass exported to sediments, determined the CH4 concentration. In the oxic waters, the photosynthetic picoeukaryotes abundance significantly determined the dissolved CH4 concentration both during the stratification and the mixing. The mean depth of the reservoirs, as a surrogate of the CH4 transport from sediment to the oxic waters, also contributed in shallow systems. Our findings suggest that photosynthetic picoeukaryotes can have a significant role in determining the CH4 concentration in oxic waters and, in comparison to cyanobacteria, have been poorly explored as CH4 sources.