bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adaptation of Agile Spotify Model at the Government Digital Service
Authors: Rizki Wijaya  , Wahyudi Kumorotomo  , Ratminto  , Achmad Djunaedi
Published: May 2024

Jabar Digital Service (JDS) took an innovative approach by smoothly integrating Spotify's agile model into the government's structure. This transformation went beyond simple structural changes. It completely reconfigured bureaucratic structures to match the agile culture required for effective digital service delivery. JDS proactively adapted its organizational structure by recruiting highly skilled professionals to meet the specific needs of the digital environment. In addition, the organization implemented the Agile at Scale and Heterogeneous Tailoring frameworks. These frameworks increased independence and promoted consistency in decision-making, enabling a fundamental change in the way JDS delivered projects and introducing collaborative groups such as squads, tribes and divisions.
This integration required a complete restructuring of cultural standards, regulatory systems, risk mitigation procedures and thorough staff development. The process of communicating effectively with team stakeholders and achieving a balance between team autonomy and alignment in a changed organization was challenging. A variety of methods were used to support this research, including an in-depth exploration and observation of JDS, semi-structured interviews with relevant staff, a comprehensive case study approach using holistic single case design, and a detailed analysis of previous research, regulations and secondary data sources.
The impact of this pioneering project was far-reaching. It facilitated the establishment of digital signatures to simplify bureaucratic procedures, the conversion of analogue forms into digital domains, and the digitalization of business activities. The development of JDS was an important milestone in the digital transformation process, as it facilitated collaboration between the community and the government on digital services. Significantly, this undertaking used Spotify's operational framework, adapting and customizing it to the specific needs and difficulties of JDS, which represents a notable advance in government digital integration
Análisis jurídico de la contratación laboral por horas en el contexto ecuatoriano
Authors: Noboa Jácome Josthyn Josué , Ávila Rivera Mariela Guillermina , Barros Mayorga Freddy Vicente
Published: May 2024

Introducción. El presente artículo aborda la temática de contratación laboral por horas, el mismo que, como su nombre lo indica, constituye aquellos en los que las partes acuerdan el monto total de remuneración por cada hora de trabajo. Objetivo. Analizar la temática de contratación laboral por horas en el contexto ecuatoriano a partir de la propuesta de gobierno en el referéndum y consulta popular 2024. Metodología. Análisis jurídico de la temática de contratación laboral por horas en el contexto ecuatoriano, la cual se basó en un enfoque cualitativo. Se realizó un análisis de la problemática a partir de la revisión de la bibliografía Se utilizó la técnica de análisis documental para examinar y comprender en detalle la propuesta de enmendar la Constitución de la República y reformar el Código de Trabajo en relación con el contrato de trabajo a plazo fijo y por horas. Resultados. En relación con el impacto legal y socioeconómico, la posibilidad de contratar por horas y la flexibilidad laboral conlleva ventajas y desventajas. Por un lado, permite a los empleadores ajustarse a las variaciones del mercado y a los trabajadores, como los estudiantes, adaptar sus horarios laborales a sus necesidades personales. Sin embargo, este tipo de contratación también puede incrementar la inestabilidad laboral, reducir la seguridad en el empleo y perjudicar la protección social de los trabajadores. Conclusión. Existen vacíos en el anexo respectivo a la interrogante E del referéndum 2024 en Ecuador. Estos vacíos incluyen temas como la aportación al IESS en esta modalidad, los tiempos mínimos y máximos de las jornadas laborales, los pagos de utilidades y décimos, así como las vacaciones y los pagos por horario nocturno, feriados y fines de semana. Además, no se especifican los mecanismos de control para prevenir la precarización en el sector laboral ni se menciona el costo de la hora/trabajos diferenciados por sector. Estos vacíos dificultan tener una visión generalizada y específica en relación con la enmienda propuesta. Área de estudio general: Derecho. Área de estudio específica: Derecho laboral. Tipo de estudio:  Artículo original.
Upaya Guru Dalam Menanamkan Pendidikan Karakter Peduli Lingkungan Pada Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Nurhayati Rika , Qonita Qonita , Mulyana Edi Hendri
Published: May 2024

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menggali strategi guru dalam menanamkan karakter peduli lingkungan pada anak. Penanaman karakter peduli lingkungan sangat diharapkan menjadi upaya untuk melindungi lingkungan hidup sekitar kita, sehingga dengan menanamkan karakter peduli lingkungan pada anak diharapkan menjadi upaya untuk menjaga alam dan mencegah kerusakan lingkungan yang saat ini menjadi permasalahan yang krusial. Permasalahan lingkungan hidup saat ini memang menjadi permasalahan yang paling sering terjadi di Indonesia khususnya lingkungan sekitar kita. Dalam menggali hal tersebut, penulis menggunakan penelitian ini dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan metode studi kasus serta menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Partisipan pada penelitian ini adalah guru TK Negeri Pembina Tasikmalaya. Peneliti memilih lokasi penelitian tersebut karena TK Negeri Pembina memiliki lingkungan sekolah yang luas dan tanah yang subur sehingga dapat lebih menunjang untuk proses pembelajaran yang berkaitan dengan lingkungan. Hasil penelitian ini memiliki implikasi positif terhadap pengembangan pendidikan lingkungan di sekolah, menunjukkan bahwa melalui pembiasaan dan keteladanan, karakter peduli lingkungan dapat ditanamkan efektif pada anak-anak sejak dini.
Nilai-Nilai Payung Geulis Kota Tasikmalaya Dalam Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Solihah Zahira Auladina , Nurhayati Rika , Apipah Faza Tsamrotul , Aprily Nuraly Masum , Sutisna Riva
Published: May 2024

Payung geulis bukan hanya merupakan kerajinan tangan yang indah, tetapi juga simbol keberlanjutan budaya Tasikmalaya. Penulis mendiskusikan asal usul, bentuk, dan nilai-nilai kultural dan estetika payung geulis serta menjelaskan bagaimana payung geulis dapat diintegrasikan ke dalam pendidikan anak usia dini. Payung geulis adalah kerajinan khas Kota Tasikmalaya yang memiliki makna mendalam sebagai simbol perlindungan, kebersamaan, dan kesetiaan. Proses pembuatan payung geulis melibatkan tradisi turun temurun di masyarakat Tasikmalaya. Motif dan struktur payung geulis mengandung nilai estetika yang khas, menciptakan peluang bagi anak-anak untuk mengembangkan kreativitas dan motorik halus anak. Penggunaan payung geulis sebagai alat pembelajaran memiliki potensi besar untuk mengenalkan kearifan lokal kepada generasi mendatang. Integrasi payung geulis ke dalam pendidikan anak usia dini dapat memperkuat rasa identitas budaya kepada anak dan memperkaya pengalaman pembelajarannya.
Pengembangan Media Roda Putar Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Mengenal Bentuk Geometri Pada Anak Usia 4-5 Tahun Di PAUD Al- Ikhwan Seri Bandung Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Anggraini Ade Merly , Oktamarina Lidia , Hartatiana Hartatiana
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini berjudul Pengembangan Media Roda Putar Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Mengenal Bentuk Geometri Pada Anak Usia 4-5 Tahun Di PAUD Al-Ikhwan Seri Bandung, Sumatera Selatan. Dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan mengenal bentuk geometri pada anak. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Research and Development (RD) dengan model penelitian ADDIE yang dimodifikasi menjadi ADD (Analysis, Design, Development). Subjek penelitian ini adalah peserta didik yang ada di kelas kelompok A di PAUD Al-Ikhwan Seri Bandung, Sumatera Selatan. Jumlah sampel uji coba skala kecil yaitu sebanyak 9 peserta didik dan uji coba skala besar yaitu sebanyak 20 peserta didik. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, angket, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan uji kevalidan, uji kepraktisan, dan uji keefektifan. Data kevalidan, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan diperoleh berdasarkan data angket respon yang dianalisis dengan menggunakan skala likert dengan aturan skor angket respon. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa media roda putar yang dikembangkan berdasarkan angket respon ahli materi 96,67 dinyatakan sangat valid, ahli desain 96,67 dinyatakan sangat valid, dan sangat praktis yaitu 97,78 berdasarkan angket respon praktisi serta berdasarkan angket respon peserta didik yang dilakukan dalam bentuk wawancara, 93,33 dinyatakan sangat efektif pada uji coba skala kecil dan 95,667 dinyatakan sangat efektif pada uji coba skala besar. Artinya media roda putar yang dikembangkan layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Metode Inquiry Terhadap Kemampuan Mengenal Bilangan Pada Anak Usia 4-5 Tahun Di Kelas A PAUD Berlian Desa Suka Damai Kecamatan Pangkalan Lampam Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ilir
Authors: Trisia Enda , Sartika Indah Dwi , Murtopo Ali
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini berjudul Pengaruh Penggunaan Metode Inquiry Terhadap Kemampuan Mengenal Bilangan Pada Anak Usia 4-5 Tahun Di Kelas A PAUD Berlian Desa Suka Damai Kecamatan Pangkalan Lampam Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ilir. Adapun yang menjadi permasalahan di dalam penelitian ini adalah rendahnya kemampuan mengenal bilangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh penggunaan metode inquiry terhadap kemampuan mengenal bilangan pada anak usia 4-5 tahun di kelas A PAUD Berlian Desa Suka Damai Kecamatan Pangkalan Lampam Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ilir. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Pre-Experimental dengan desain one group pretest-posttest. Sampel di dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 15 anak yang terdiri dari 5 anak laki-laki dan 10 anak perempuan. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan observasi, tes dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, dan uji hipotesis. Hasil hipotesis didapatkan setelah dilakukan tes awal (pretest) dan tes akhir (posttest), selanjutnya peneliti menganalisis hasil penelitian. Hasil analisis data dalam pembuktian uji hipotesis diperoleh thitung = 34,39 sedangkan dk = 15 + 15 – 2 = 28 dengan taraf nyata 0,025 sehingga didapat ttabel = 2,145. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan thitung ttabel maka Ha diterima dan Ho ditolak, yang berarti ada pengaruh yang signifikan penggunaan metode inquiry terhadap kemampuan mengenal bilangan pada anak usia 4-5 tahun di kelas A PAUD Berlian Desa Suka Damai Kecamatan Pangkalan Lampam.
Türkiye’de öz-düzenlemeli öğrenmeyle ilgili yürütülen tezlerde genel eğilimler
Authors: Delibalta Bilge , Taşdelen Teker Gülşen
Published: May 2024

Öz-düzenlemeli öğrenme, bireyin ortam koşullarına uyum sağlayarak kendi öğrenmesi için hedef belirleme, planlama, strateji geliştirme, bu stratejileri uygulama, uygulama aşamasında karşılaşılan olumsuzluklarla başa çıkma, uyum sağlama, süreci izleme, sonrasında da öz-değerlendirme yapması olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Öz-düzenlemeli öğrenme, öğrenmeyi öğrenmek olarak da tanımlanmakta ve öz düzenleme becerisi yüksek bireylerin akademik başarılarının da yüksek olduğu belirtilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de öz-düzenlemeli öğrenmenin ele alındığı tezlerin genel eğilimlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmamız nitel desende tasarlanmış olup, veri analizi doküman incelemesi yoluyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. 2004-2022 yılları arasında Türkiye’de öz-düzenlemeli öğrenmeyle ilgili yazılan tezler araştırmacılar tarafından belirlenen temalar doğrultusunda tematik içerik analizi yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. 78’i (%60,5) yüksek lisans ve 51’i (%39,5) doktora tezi olmak üzere ilköğretimden lisansüstüne kadar tüm düzeylerden bireyler üzerinde yürütülen toplam 129 tez çalışmasına ulaşılmıştır. Dokuzu tez kapsamında geliştirilmiş ve ikisi tez kapsamında uyarlanmış ölçekler olmak üzere incelenen 104 tezde ölçeklerin kullanıldığı görülmüştür. Tezlerde en çok ele alınan beş başlık ise şu şekildedir: 1-çeşitli eğitim yöntemlerinin öz-düzenlemeli öğrenmeye etkisi, 2-öz-düzenlemeli öğrenme düzeyi/hazırbulunuşluğu belirleme, 3-öz-düzenlemeli öğrenmenin akademik başarıya etkisi, 4-öz-düzenlemeli öğrenme müdahalesinin öğrenciler üzerine etkisi, 5-öz-düzenlemeli öğrenmeye etki eden faktörler. Öz-düzenlemeli öğrenme, yaşam boyu öğrenmenin bir parçası olarak her yaşta bireylerde geliştirilmesi gereken bir beceri olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu bağlamda tez araştırmalarının ilköğretimden lisansüstü düzeyine kadar tüm düzeylerde arttırılması önerilmektedir.
Eğitimde kriz yönetimi: Covid-19 süreci üzerine bir inceleme
Authors: Öztürk Ramazan , Karabağ Köse Esra
Published: May 2024

Bu araştırmanın temel amacı, okul müdürleri ve öğretmenlerin görüşlerine dayalı olarak Milli Eğitim Bakanlığının kriz yönetimi kapasitesini Covid-19 süreci örneği üzerinde merkezi ve yerel düzeyde incelemektir. Araştırma, görüşme tekniğinin kullanıldığı nitel bir olgu bilim çalışması olarak tasarlanmıştır. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını, 20 okul müdürü ve 20 öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma grubunun belirlenmesinde maksimum çeşitlilik örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Veriler 2021- 2022 eğitim-öğretim yılında Kırıkkale ilinde toplanmıştır. Yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yoluyla elde edilen araştırma verileri betimsel analiz kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Krizden çıkarılması gereken derslerin doğru bir şekilde tanımlanması ve krizin bir gelişim fırsatına dönüştürülebilmesi için kriz yönetim sürecinin güçlü ve zayıf yönleri ile kapsamlı bir değerlendirmesinin yapılması önem taşımaktadır. Araştırmada Covid-19 salgın krizinin yönetiminde teknik yetersizliklere ve alt yapı yetersizliklerine bağlı olarak bazı yönetim zafiyetleri oluştuğu, özellikle uzaktan eğitim sürecinin yönetiminde önemli güçlükler yaşandığı görülmektedir. Buna göre öğretmen ve yöneticiler tarafından; kriz sürecinde okulların kapatılması, uzaktan eğitimde teknik desteğin ve içerik desteğinin yetersiz kalması, ders sayısı ve kazanımlarının yoğunluğu, ders sürelerinin uzunluğu, ölçme ve değerlendirme eksikliği gibi eleştiriler vurgulanmaktadır. Milli Eğitim Bakanlığının Covid-19 kriz yönetiminde aldığı bazı tedbirlere okul müdürleri ve öğretmenleri ikna etmekte güçlük çektiği, bu nedenle geleneksel eğitim süreçlerinin yeni duruma adaptasyonunda alınan bazı radikal tedbirlerin okul düzeyinde yeterince destek görmesini sağlayacak karar süreçlerinin işletilemediği ve güçlü bir iletişim yönetimi yürütülemediği anlaşılmaktadır.

Anahtar Sözcükler: Kriz, kriz yönetimi, okul yönetimi, Covid-19.
Comprehensive evaluation of the child with global developmental delays or intellectual disability
Authors: Aldosari Abdullah Nasser , Aldosari T. Saeed
Published: May 2024

Global developmental delay (GDD) and intellectual disability (ID) are relatively common neurodevelopmental disorders that significantly impact affected children, their families, and society. The etiology of GDD/ID is notably diverse, encompassing both genetic and acquired factors. Although the precise cause of most GDD/ID cases remains unclear, an estimated half of all cases can be attributed to genetic factors. Thus, a detailed medical history and comprehensive physical examination remain pivotal for guiding diagnostic investigations into the underlying causes of GDD/ID. Advancements in genetic testing have supplanted traditional methods such as karyotyping and fluorescence in situ hybridization with chromosomal micro arrays, which are now the primary genetic tests for children with idiopathic GDD/ID. Moreover, the evaluation of Fragile X and Rett syndrome should be an integral component of initial diagnostic assessments. In recent years, whole-exome sequencing and whole-genome sequ-encing have emerged as important diagnostic tools for evaluating children with GDD/ID and have substantially enhanced the diagnostic yield rates. Gene therapy has emerged as a promising avenue and is poised to become a cornerstone in addressing various genetic developmental and epilepsy disorders. Early intervention facilitated by a proficient multidisciplinary team can markedly enhance the prognosis and outcomes of GDD/ID, particularly when parents or caregivers are actively engaged in the interventional process. This review discusses risk factors and common underlying causes, explores recent evidence and recommendations for genetic evaluation, and offers management strategies for children with GDD/ID.
The Role of Financial Knowledge, Income Level, Financial Behavior, and Regret Experience in Shaping Investment Decisions: A Study of Sme Business Owners With Locus of Control as A Mediator
Authors: Abidin Gita Rosiliana , Tubastuvi Naelati , Haryanto Eko , Rachmawati Erny
Published: May 2024

This research aims to examine investment decisions influenced by financial knowledge, income level, financial behavior, regret experience, and locus of control. This research differs from previous research, namely using the locus of control variable as a mediating variable and adding the financial behavior variable and the regret experience variable as independent variables. The investment decisions examined in this research focus on investment. As for population and sample methodology, was MSME business actors in Banjarnegara, Indonesia who already had a legal permit; using the purposive sampling method, the sampling is 180 respondents which was obtained from the Slovin formula calculation. Data analysis techniques use Structural Equation Model (SEM) PLS. The results of this study state that: first, financial knowledge and regret experience have no effect on locus of control, while income level and financial behavior have an positive effect on locus of control. second, financial knowledge, income level, financial behavior and experience of regret influence investment decisions. third, locus of control cannot mediate the influence of financial knowledge and experience of regret on investment decisions, but on the influence of income level and financial behavior on investment decisions, locus of control has a mediating role.
A Simple Derivation of Dirac's Equation
Authors: Coker Tim
Published: May 2024

This is the first of a series of short papers exploring various aspects of quantum mechanics and quantum field theory. The intent of the full series of articles is to take the reader/student from a basic starting point (somewhere around high school / first year undergraduate maths/ physics/ engineering) to an understanding of relativistic quantum mechanics that would be appropriate for a third/fourth year undergraduate or early stage postgraduate. This particular article is a derivation of Dirac's Equation.
Introducing the Social Constructions of Race, Gender, and Socioeconomic Class in a Health Sciences Curriculum
Authors: Schultz Carrie , Potorti Mary , Gardner Martha N. , Petersen Kristen
Published: May 2024

This paper discusses approaches to teaching an introductory social science course geared toward students majoring in health sciences programs. Using the methodologies and scholarship of history, sociology, anthropology, and political science, the course explores the ways in which conceptions of human identity—namely the categories of race, gender, and socioeconomic class—are socially and culturally meaningful. The authors discuss specific classroom strategies for highlighting the historical role of the natural sciences and the health professions in erecting and reifying social structures of racial, gender, and socioeconomic class hierarchy and oppression and suggest primary sources and classroom exercises to illustrate how the social construction of identity relates and contributes to ongoing health disparities. As instructors, we urge students to consider how they, as future health care providers, might apply these concepts in clinical settings to mitigate harm and promote health equity.
Protecting Japanese giant salamanders (Andrias japonicus) in the Nawa River Basin, Japan: policy recommendations addressing water pollution and waterway disruption
Authors: Borzée Amaël , Angulo Ariadne , Meredith Helen , Taguchi Yuki , Groffen Jordy , Kohler Dallin Bradshaw , Abernethy John Peter Duncan , Othman Siti N. , Messenger Kevin , Heo Kyongman , Wan Le , Um Tae Eun , Zhang Xiaoli , Shin Yucheol , Bae Yoonhyuk , Wang Zhenqi , Qiu Zhixin , Pearce Richard
Published: May 2024

The Japanese giant salamander, Andrias japonicus, is an iconic but declining species of aquatic amphibian. A population within the Nawa River Basin of Tottori Prefecture persists but faces two significant threats. The first major threat is waterway obstructions, in the form of dams, weirs, and concrete embankments, which severely fragment and degrade the habitat. The second is water pollution, primarily caused by runoff from animal farms. Both threats to A. japonicus can be mitigated with proper actions. We provide science-based recommendations, advocating for the modification of dams and weirs by implementing ladderways to restore habitat connectivity and the provisioning of adequate breeding habitat in the form of artificial nest boxes. We also recommend the implementation of regular water quality monitoring and the enforcement of regulations regarding allowed runoff from animal farms. The Nawa River Basin could also be designated as an official sanctuary area for the Japanese Giant Salamander, lending additional formal protection and providing ecotourism opportunities for economically declining rural areas. Though the threats to A. japonicus are serious, the implementation of these mitigation measures and continual monitoring can allow this remarkable species to thrive.
Investigating the potential neuroprotective benefits of taurine and Dihydrotestosterone and Hydroxyprogesterone levels in SH-SY5Y cells
Authors: Almohaimeed Hailah M. , Almars Amany I. , Alsulaimani Fayez , Basri Ahmed M. , Althobaiti Norah A. , Albalaw Aishah E. , Alsharif Ifat , Al Abdulmonem Waleed , Hershan Almonther Abdullah , Soliman Mona H.
Published: May 2024

Background

Taurine, an amino acid abundantly found in the brain and other tissues, has potential neuroprotective properties. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a commonly occurring type of dementia, which becomes more prevalent as people age. This experiment aimed to assess the neuroprotective effects of taurine on SH-SY5Y cells by examining its impact on Dihydrotestosterone (DHT), Dihydroprogesterone (DHP), as well as the expression of miRNA-21 and miRNA-181.

Methods

The effects of various taurine concentrations (0.25, and 0.75 mg/mL), and LPS (0.1, and 12 mg/mL) on the SH-SY5Y cell line were assessed using the MTT assay. The levels of DHT and DHP were quantified using an ELISA kit. Additionally, the expression levels of miRNA-181 and miRNA-21 genes were examined through Real-Time PCR analysis.

Results

The results of the MTT assay showed that treatment with taurine at concentrations of 0.25, and 0.75 mg/mL reduces the toxicity of LPS in SH-SY5Y cells. ELISA results indicated that taurine at a concentration of 0.25, and 0.75 mg/mL significantly elevated DHT and DHP hormones in the SH-SY5Y cell line compared to the untreated group (p < 0.01). The expression levels of IL-1β and IL-6 were decreased under the influence of LPS in SH-SY5Y cells after taurine treatment (p < 0.01). Gene expression analysis revealed that increasing taurine concentration resulted in heightened expression of miRNA-181 and miRNA-21, with the most significant increase observed at a concentration of 0.75 mg/mL (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Our study findings revealed that the expression of miRNA-181 and miRNA-21 can be enhanced by taurine. Consequently, exploring the targeting of taurine, miRNA-181, and miRNA-21 or considering hormone therapy may offer potential therapeutic approaches for treating AD or alleviating severe symptoms. Nonetheless, in order to fully comprehend the precise mechanisms involved, additional research is required.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cervical cancer screening participation, abnormal cytology prevalence and screening interval in Catalonia
Authors: Robles Claudia , Monfil Laura , Ibáñez Raquel , Roura Esther , Font Rebeca , Peremiquel-Trillas Paula , Brotons Maria , Martínez-Bueno Cristina , de Sanjosé Silvia , Espinàs Josep Alfons , Bruni Laia
Published: May 2024

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic led to a national lockdown and the interruption of all cancer preventive services, including cervical cancer screening. We aimed to assess the COVID-19 pandemic impact on opportunistic screening participation, abnormal cytology (ASCUS+) prevalence and screening interval in 2020 and 2021 within the Public Health System of Catalonia, Spain.

Methods

Individual data on cytology and HPV testing of women aged 25–65 from 2014 to 2021 were retrieved from the Information System for Primary Care Services (SISAP). Time-series regression models were used to estimate expected screening participation and abnormal cytology prevalence in 2020 and 2021. The impact was determined by comparing observed and expected values (ratios). Additionally, changes in screening interval trends between 2014 and 2021 were assessed by fitting a Piecewise linear regression model.

Results

Cervical cancer screening participation decreased by 38.8% and 2.2% in 2020 and 2021, respectively, with the most significant impact on participation (-96.1%) occurring in April 2020. Among older women, participation was lower, and it took longer to recover. Abnormal cytology prevalence was 1.4 times higher than expected in 2020 and 2021, with variations by age (range=1.1–1.5). From June 2020 onwards, the screening interval trend significantly changed from an increase of 0.59 to 3.57 months per year, resulting in a median time of 48 months by December 2021.

Conclusions

During the pandemic, fewer women have participated in cervical cancer screening, abnormal cytology prevalence has increased, and the screening interval is more prolonged than before. The potential cervical cancer lifetime risk implications highlight the need for organized HPV-based screening.
Pulmonary hypertension in the intensive care unit after pediatric allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant: incidence, risk factors, and outcomes
Authors: Smith Michael A. , Cheng Geoffrey , Phelan Rachel , Brazauskas Ruta , Strom Joelle , Ahn Kwang Woo , Hamilton Betty Ky , Peterson Andrew , Savani Bipin , Schoemans Hélène , Schoettler Michelle L. , Sorror Mohamed , Keller Roberta L. , Higham Christine S. , Dvorak Christopher C. , Fineman Jeffrey R. , Zinter Matt S.
Published: May 2024

Objective

To determine the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) after pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT).

Methods

This was a retrospective study of pediatric patients who underwent allogeneic HCT between January 2008-December 2014 at a center contributing to the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research data registry. Incidence of PH was assessed from PICU diagnostic codes from records merged from the Virtual Pediatric Systems database. Regression and survival analyses identified factors associated with post-HCT PH. Additional post-HCT morbidities and survival after PH were also assessed.

Results

Among 6,995 HCT recipients, there were 29 cases of PH, a cumulative incidence of 0.42% (95% CI 0.27%-0.57%) at 60 months post-HCT. In the sub-cohort of 1,067 patients requiring intensive care after HCT, this accounted for a PH prevalence of 2.72% (95% CI 1.74–3.69%). There was an increased risk of developing PH associated with Black/African American race, metabolic disorders, partially HLA-matched or cord blood allografts, graft-versus-host prophylaxis regimen, and lower pre-HCT functional status. Patients who developed PH had significant PICU comorbidities including heart failure, pulmonary hemorrhage, respiratory failure, renal failure, and infections. Survival at 6 months after diagnosis of post-HCT PH was 51.7% (95% CI 32.5%-67.9%).

Conclusions

PH is a rare but serious complication in the pediatric post-HCT population. A significant burden of additional comorbidities, procedural interventions, and risk of mortality is associated with its development. Close monitoring and prompt intervention for this severe complication are necessary in this vulnerable population.
The Southern Ocean Sea-Ice Ecosystem is Important to Humans
Authors: Steiner Nadja , Eronen-Rasimus Eeva , Falardeau Marianne , Moreau Sebastien , Steiner Finn
Published: May 2024

Did you know that ecosystems support the wellbeing of humans by simply existing? An ecosystem describes the living things in an area, their interactions, and their environment. The ways that ecosystems benefit the wellbeing of humans are called ecosystem services. There are several types of ecosystem services: supporting (they support animals and their homes), provisioning (they provide food and other materials), cultural (they support our hobbies and cultural activities, such as tourism and arts), or regulating (they regulate our climate, for example by taking up carbon dioxide). Understanding the importance of an ecosystem through its ecosystem services helps guide decisions regarding the environment, such as how much fishing or ship traffic should be allowed in an area, or if an area or species should be protected. In this article, we describe the specific ecosystem services of the sea ice and Southern Ocean around Antarctica.
Response Surface Methodology for Development of Nutrient Solution Formula for Hydroponic Lettuce Based on the Micro-Elements Fertilizer Requirements at Different Growth Stages
Authors: Gong Binbin , Ren Xiaowei , Hao Wenyu , Li Jingrui , Hou Shenglin , Yang Kun , Wu Xiaolei , Gao Hongbo
Published: May 2024

In order to precisely obtain the impact of nutritional elements on lettuce yield and quality, in the present study, a nutrient solution formula suitable for lettuce hydroponic production was development using response surface methodology based on the determination for micro-elements in three growth stages and taking the interaction between elements into account. Then, the formula was optimized and validated, aiming for the goal of improving lettuce yield and quality. The results showed that 200 healthy lettuce leaves contained similar amounts of macro-elements, and there was no significant difference in the unit content of micro-elements among the seedling, rosette, and harvest stages. Quadratic regression models between shoot fresh weight, SPAD value, soluble sugar content, Vc content, and nutrient content were established (R2 = 0.91, 0.95, 0.98, and 0.81, respectively). The optimal concentrations of P, K, Ca, and Mg obtained by multi-objective optimization of the quadratic regression models for fresh weight, SPAD value, soluble sugar content, and Vc content were 2.71 mmol·L−1, 6.42 mmol·L−1, 5.58 mmol·L−1, and 7.11 mmol·L−1, respectively. The nutrient solution formula (T1) was found to be the optimal nutrient solution formula for improving lettuce growth and quality. Overall, we developed a specific and targeted nutrient solution formulation for lettuce; this formulation not only meets lettuce’s demand for nutrients, but also improves lettuce yield and quality, providing more choices for lettuce production in a region with high salts and high pH in the irrigation water.
Complete Mitochondrial Genomes of Nannostomus Pencilfish: Genome Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis
Authors: Xu Wei , Tai Jingzhe , He Ke , Xu Tangjun , Zhang Gaoji , Xu Boyu , Liu Hongyi
Published: May 2024

Although the pencilfish is a globally popular economic fish in the aquarium market, its taxonomic classification could be further refined. In order to understand the taxonomy of species of the genus Nannostomus (Characiformes, Lebiasinidae) and their phylogenetic position within the order Characiformes, in this study, we characterized mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) from four Nannostomus species for the first time. The four mitogenomes exhibited the typical circular structure, with overall sizes varying from 16,661 bp to 16,690 bp. They contained 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), and 1 control region (CR). Nucleotide composition analysis suggested that the mitochondrial sequences were biased toward A and T. Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood analyses based on PCGs support the family Lebiasinidae classification, described using four Nannostomus species, clustering together with Lebiasina multimaculata from the same family. The results of this study support the current taxonomic classification of the family Lebiasinidae. Phylogenetic analysis also suggested that gene rearrangement would not significantly impact the phylogenetic relationships within the order Characiformes. These results might provide new data regarding the phylogeny and classification of the order Characiformes, thus providing a theoretical basis for the economic development of aquarium fish markets.
Modeling of Lane Changing Behavior of Connected Driving Based on Vehicle Interaction Potential
Authors: Li Juan , Qu Dayi , Chen Yicheng , Yang Yuxiang , Cui Shanning
Published: May 2024

Aiming at the interactive behavior of vehicles changing lanes in the intelligent network traffic environment, the relative position of vehicle, speed, acceleration, and steering angle are introduced to correct the molecular interaction potential, and the vehicle interaction potential model is established. The spatial distribution map of the vehicle interaction potential field under different motion states was drawn, and the changing law of the vehicle interaction potential field was described. By analyzing the longitudinal critical distance of the lane changing safe critical time, the expression of acceptable clearance for lane changing is defined, and the relationship between acceptable clearance and the speed and acceleration of the interactive vehicle is verified by simulation. Combined with the acceptable clearance of lane changing, a lane changing behavior model based on the vehicle interaction potential is established, and the situation of lane changing vehicles subjected to the interaction potential and potential field forces generated by the surrounding vehicles is analyzed, and the driving decision of lane changing vehicles under the action of different potential field forces is given. Compared with the molecular dynamics lane changing model and LS2015 lane changing model, the results show that the vehicle action potential lane changing model can effectively improve the running speed and stability of traffic flow. The research has theoretical significance for the lane changing behavior decisions of networked autonomous vehicles in the future.
Efficacy of F-ACP-Containing Dental Mousse in the Remineralization of White Spot Lesions after Fixed Orthodontic Therapy: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Ciribè Massimiliano , Cirillo Erika , Mammone Martina , Vallogini Giulia , Festa Paola , Piga Simone , Ferrazzano Gianmaria Fabrizio , Galeotti Angela
Published: May 2024

Fixed appliance (FA) therapy predisposes patients to white spot lesions (WSLs). The F-ACP complex (amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles enriched with carbonate and fluorine and coated with citrate) has been effective for in vitro enamel remineralization. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the F-ACP complex in remineralizing WSLs after FA therapy. One hundred and six adolescents (aged 12–20 years) were randomized into study and control groups after FA therapy. Patients in the study group were advised to use dental mousse containing F-ACP applied within Essix retainers for six months. The presence of WSLs was recorded at baseline (T0), 3 months (T1), and 6 months (T2) according to the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS). Visual Plaque Index (VPI) and Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI) were recorded. Among 106 study participants, 91 (52 and 39 in study and control groups, respectively) completed the study. The results showed that the ICDAS score was significantly lower (p < 0.001) in the study group than in the control group between T0 and T2. The application of mousse containing the F-ACP complex inside Essix retainers for six months is effective in remineralizing white spot lesions in patients after FA therapy without side effects.
Immobilization of Horseradish Peroxidase onto Montmorillonite/Glucosamine–Chitosan Composite for Electrochemical Biosensing of Polyphenols
Authors: Piccoli María Belén , Gulotta Florencia Alejandra , Montenegro Mariana Angélica , Vanden Braber Noelia Luciana , Paz Zanini Verónica Irene , Ferreyra Nancy Fabiana
Published: May 2024

Glucosamine–chitosan synthesized by the Maillard reaction was combined with montmorillonite to obtain a nanohybrid composite to immobilize horseradish peroxidase. The material combines the advantageous properties of clay with those of the chitosan derivative; has improved water solubility and reduced molecular weight and viscosity; involves an eco-friendly synthesis; and exhibits ion exchange capacity, good adhesiveness, and a large specific surface area for enzyme adsorption. The physicochemical characteristics of the composite were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction to determine clay–polycation interactions. The electrochemical response of the different polyphenols to glassy carbon electrodes modified with the composite was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry. The sensitivity and detection limit values obtained with the biosensor toward hydroquinone, chlorogenic acid, catechol, and resorcinol are (1.6 ± 0.2) × 102 µA mM−1 and (74 ± 8) nM; (1.2 ± 0.1) × 102 µA mM−1 and (26 ± 3) nM; (16 ± 2) µA mM−1 and (0.74 ± 0.09) μM; and (3.7± 0.3) µA mM−1 and (3.3 ± 0.2) μM, respectively. The biosensor was applied to quantify polyphenols in pennyroyal and lemon verbena extracts.
Gender Differences in Sinonasal Cancer Incidence: Data from the Italian Registry
Authors: Binazzi Alessandra , di Marzio Davide , Mensi Carolina , Consonni Dario , Miligi Lucia , Piro Sara , Zajacovà Jana , Sorasio Denise , Galli Paolo , Camagni Angela , Calisti Roberto , Massacesi Stefania , Cozzi Ilaria , Balestri Anna , Murano Stefano , Fedeli Ugo , Comiati Vera , Eccher Silvia , Lattanzio Sara , Marinaccio Alessandro ,   ReNaTuNS Working Group
Published: May 2024

Background: Although rare, sinonasal cancers (SNCs) have a high occupational attributable fraction. Methods: We applied gender-based approaches to descriptive analyses, incidence, and patterns of exposures using the Italian National Sinonasal Cancer Registry (ReNaTuNS: Registro Nazionale Tumori Naso-Sinusali). Results: The study included 2851 SNC patients. SNC was diagnosed more often in men (73%) than in women (27%). The most frequent morphology in men was intestinal-type adenocarcinoma (33%), whereas in women, it was squamous cell carcinoma (49%). Nasal cavities were predominant in both genders (50%), ethmoidal sinus in men (24%), and maxillary in women (24%). Incidence rates were 0.76 (per 100,000 person-years) in men and 0.24 in women and increased by age, more evidently in men, peaking over 75 years in both. Occupational exposures to wood and leather dusts were the most frequent (41% for men, 33% for women). Few exposures were extra-occupational or domestic. Unlikely exposure was relevant in women (57%). Conclusions: The surveillance of SNC cases through a registry that allows for the identification of and compensation for this occupational disease is important in Italy, where numerous workers are exposed to carcinogens for SNC, without even being aware. Considering the rarity of the disease, particularly among women, the ReNaTuNS can provide a method to analyze gender differences.
Restricting Colorectal Cancer Cell Metabolism with Metformin: An Integrated Transcriptomics Study
Authors: Orang Ayla , Marri Shashikanth , McKinnon Ross A. , Petersen Janni , Michael Michael Z.
Published: May 2024

Background: Metformin is a first-line therapy for type 2 diabetes as it disrupts cellular metabolism. Despite the association between metformin and lower cancer incidence, the anti-tumour activity of the drug in colorectal cancer (CRC) is incompletely understood. This study identifies underlying molecular mechanisms by which metformin slows colorectal cancer cell proliferation by investigating metformin-associated microRNA (miRNA) and target gene pairs implicated in signalling pathways. Methods: The present study analysed changes in miRNAs and the coding transcriptome in CRC cells treated with a sublethal dose of metformin, followed by the contextual validation of potential miRNA–target gene pairs. Results: Analyses of small RNA and transcriptome sequencing data revealed 104 miRNAs and 1221 mRNAs to be differentially expressed in CRC cells treated with metformin for 72 h. Interaction networks between differentially expressed miRNAs and putative target mRNAs were identified. Differentially expressed genes were mainly implicated in metabolism and signalling processes, such as the PI3K-Akt and MAPK/ERK pathways. Further validation of potential miRNA–target mRNA pairs revealed that metformin induced miR-2110 and miR-132-3p to target PIK3R3 and, consequently, regulate CRC cell proliferation, cell cycle progression and the PI3K-Akt signalling pathway. Metformin also induced miR-222-3p and miR-589-3p, which directly target STMN1 to inhibit CRC cell proliferation and cell cycle progression. Conclusions: This study identified novel changes in the coding transcriptome and small non-coding RNAs associated with metformin treatment of CRC cells. Integration of these datasets highlighted underlying mechanisms by which metformin impedes cell proliferation in CRC. Importantly, it identified the post-transcriptional regulation of specific genes that impact both metabolism and cell proliferation.
Impact of Resolvin-E1 and Maresin-1 on Bone Marrow Stem Cell Osteogenesis under Inflammatory Stress
Authors: AlZahrani Shahd , Shinwari Zakia , Alaiya Ayodele , Al-Kahtani Ahmed
Published: May 2024

Periodontal disease is characterized by inflammation and bone loss. Central to its pathogenesis is the dysregulated inflammatory response, complicating regenerative therapies. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold significant promise in tissue repair and regeneration. This study investigated the effects of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), Resolvin E1 (RvE1) and Maresin 1 (MaR1), on the osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived MSCs under inflammatory conditions. The stem cells were treated with SPMs in the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to simulate an inflammatory environment. Osteogenic differentiation was assessed through alkaline phosphatase activity and alizarin red staining. Proteomic analysis was conducted to characterize the protein expression profile changes, focusing on proteins related to osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. Treatment with RvE1 and MaR1, both individually and in combination, significantly enhanced calcified deposit formation. Proteomic analysis revealed the differential expression of proteins associated with osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis, highlighting the modulatory impact of SPMs on bone metabolism. RvE1 and MaR1 promote osteogenic differentiation of hBMMSCs in an inflammatory environment, with their combined application yielding synergistic effects. This study provides insights into the therapeutic potential of SPMs in enhancing bone regeneration, suggesting a promising avenue for developing regenerative therapies for periodontal disease and other conditions characterized by inflammation-induced bone loss.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Cytotoxicity Evaluations of Silver–Zeolite Nanocomposite
Authors: Kiradzhiyska Denitsa , Batsalova Tsvetelina , Dzhambazov Balik , Milcheva Nikolina , Gavazov Kiril , Zahariev Nikolay , Avdeev Georgi , Simeonova Stanislava
Published: May 2024

Zeolites of natural origin are materials exhibiting many positive effects on the human body. Silver-modified zeolites have already been introduced as bactericidal agents, although studies dealing with their toxicity are insufficient. This work describes the synthesis of activated and silver-loaded Bulgarian zeolite using a simple wet impregnation method. Morphological characteristics and compositions of natural zeolite, activated zeolite, and Ag-nanocomposites were studied by the X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) methods. Silver loading is approximately 13 wt. %, with mean Ag particle size around 19 nm. Analyses of the samples included antioxidant activity assays based on ABTS radical scavenging ability and in vitro cytotoxicity tests with human normal fibroblasts and three adenocarcinoma cell lines. The experiments were performed with natural, activated, and Ag-modified zeolite in comparison to two commercial food supplements. Our results indicated moderate antioxidant activity of the tested samples. Silver-modified zeolite demonstrated cytotoxic effects against both tumor cells and normal fibroblasts, but the detected levels of inhibition were stronger against the adenocarcinoma cells, suggesting anti-tumor potential. The present article indicates a new aspect of Bulgarian natural zeolite and Ag-loaded zeolite biological activity. It highlights the need for detailed toxicity evaluations of Ag-nanocomposites prior to healthcare applications.