bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El medio interno de la “rana toro” (Rana catesbeiana, Shaw 1802).
Authors: Coppo J. A.
Published: February 2025

Tras efectuar una sucinta actualización sobre aspectos fisiológicos de la reproducción, crecimiento, alimentación, respiración, circulación, osmolaridad, termorregulación y controles homeostáticos propios de los anfibios, se abordan temas específicos del medio interno de las ranas. Se realiza una revisión sobre la composición y mecanismos de control de los principales líquidos corporales de Rana catesbeiana, incluyendo la sangre y sus elementos figurados, los componentes proteicos, glucídicos, lipídicos y minerales del plasma, así como el nitrógeno no proteico y las actividades enzimáticas. Se describen características y adaptaciones fisiológicas de la orina y las pruebas de la coagulación. Se narran variaciones atribuibles a edad, sexo, peso, época del año y sistemas de manejo y alimentación constatadas en ranas toro criadas con fines productivos en el nordeste argentino. Se reportan similitudes con mecanismos y valores publicados para otros anfibios, aves y mamíferos, destacándose diferencias halladas para la misma especie, criada en distintas latitudes con otras dietas y técnicas de manejo. Se describen aumentos y disminuciones en la concentración de los componentes de los líquidos corporales en animales enfermos. Se destaca la utilidad de los valores del medio interno para detectar trastornos nutricionales, metabólicos y sanitarios, aconsejándose su utilización como instrumento idóneo para optimizar la cría de rana toro con fines productivos.
Khảo sát hoạt tính sinh học của fucoidan chiết xuất từ tảo nâu (Sargassum cristaefolium) thu tại vùng biển Vũng Tàu, Việt Nam
Authors: Nam Vũ Bá Nhật , Nguyên Vũ Minh , Việt Dương Quốc , Trang Mai Thị Diễm , Huê Nguyễn Thị Kim , Anh Đặng Hữu Hoàng , Mến Trần Thanh
Published: February 2025

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm phân tích thành phần hóa học, đánh giá hoạt tính kháng oxy hóa, ức chế enzyme -amylase, kháng viêm, kháng khuẩn và chống tia UV-B của chiết xuất fucoidan từ tảo nâu (Sargassum cristaefolium). Chiết suất fucoidan thể hiện hoạt tính kháng oxy hóa tốt ở phương pháp ABTS với giá trị IC50 332,26 ± 13,89 µg/mL, ức chế hoạt động của enzyme -amylase với giá trị IC50 975,45 ± 43,9 µg/mL. Khả năng làm giảm biến tính protein albumin huyết thanh bò của fucoidan có giá trị IC50 12091,16 ± 487,42 µg/mL. Kết quả khảo sát cho thấy, fucoidan không ghi nhận được hoạt tính kháng trên 4 chủng vi khuẩn gây bệnh trên người. Ngoài ra, khả năng chống tia UVB được khảo sát ở nồng độ 1000 µg/mL cho thấy chiết suất fucoidan của tảo nâu cho hiệu quả ức chế UV-B với giá trị SPF 21,81 ± 0,13. Từ các kết quả được khảo sát cho thấy, chiết suất fucoidan từ Sargassum cristaefolium có tiềm năng ứng dụng trong ngành công nghiệp mỹ phẩm và dược phẩm.
Công nghệ thu hồi năng lượng ứng dụng trên máy xúc thủy lực
Authors: Cường Đỗ Trí , Trầm Bùi Văn , Tuấn Đỗ Hữu , Dũng Đặng Trí , Hòa Nguyễn Xuân , Trang Phan Thị Cẩm
Published: February 2025

Các ngành xây dựng, giao thông và công nghiệp ngày càng đòi hỏi các máy và thiết bị có khả năng vận hành hiệu quả và thân thiện với môi trường. Trong bối cảnh này, máy xúc thủy lực đóng vai trò quan trọng, là thiết bị chủ đạo trong nhóm máy làm đất. Nhưng do máy xúc tiêu thụ nhiên liệu lớn và phát thải nhiều chất ô nhiễm, gây ra những tác động không nhỏ đến môi trường. Bài báo trình bày các công nghệ đã được các nhà khoa học nghiên cứu nhằm thu hồi thế năng, động năng từ cơ cấu dẫn động cần và quay sàn máy xúc cũng như các kết quả về khả năng thu hồi (hiệu suất thu hồi) các năng lượng này. Bên cạnh đó, các ứng dụng thực tế và hướng phát của các hệ thống thu hồi năng lượng được nêu ra nhằm định hướng cho các nghiên cứu tiếp theo.
Studying data communities: Analytical dimensions from and for empirical research
Authors: Gregory Kathleen , Davies Sarah
Published: February 2025

How can data communities be studied? In this paper, we combine existing literature with our own research spanning more than a decade to propose five dimensions and a series of guiding questions which can be used to analyze data communities. These dimensions – disciplinary domains, social orderings, material orderings, data uses, and data expertise – illustrate the variability of data communities and offer starting points for future empirical research, infrastructure design, and policy activities. Analyzing data communities through the multidimensional perspectives which we propose encourages critical interrogation of these heterogeneous groups, while highlighting the complex ways in which data practices constitute particular communities and how those communities simultaneously shape data.
Nationalist Focal Events and Anti-Minority Violence -- How Soldier Funerals Spark Ethnic Riots in Turkey
Authors: Schulte Felix , Karakus Dogukan Cansin , Gökburun Ibrahim
Published: February 2025

What triggers anti-minority riots? We examine the role of soldier funerals as highly visible mourning rituals that foster strong in-group bonding and amplify collective emotions and nationalist sentiment. Focusing on a most-likely setting, anti-Syrian riots in Turkey, we argue that soldier funerals motivate pro-group behaviour while simultaneously intensifying out-group hostility, thereby increasing the likelihood of retributive violence against minority groups. Combining fixed-effects Poisson regression models with a sharp Regression Discontinuity in Time (RDiT) design, we analyze fine-grained geocoded data on Turkish soldier funerals and anti-Syrian riots in Turkey between 2016 and 2024. Our findings reveal an increase in the likelihood of ethnic riots in the immediate aftermath of soldier funerals. Qualitative process tracing based on firsthand observations of a crucial case, the 2020 Kahramanmara¸s riots, further supports our findings. This study contributes to the literature on triggering events and ethnic riots by demonstrating the causal role of emotionally charged nationalist focal events in sparking anti-minority violence.
《現代心理生存理論（MPST)
Authors: 劉庭均
Published: February 2025

本論文提出了現代心理生存理論（MPST），旨在構建一個統合現有心理學理論的元理論框架，解釋人類在面對壓力與威脅時的適應邏輯與行為模式。MPST 從應激反應出發，揭示了個體在生存適應過程中所展現的四種應對模式：戰（Fight）、逃（Flight）、僵（Freeze） 與 討好（Fawn），並指出這些反應在適應邏輯、觸發條件與現代社會表現中呈現出天然的不對等性。理論邏輯架構1.應激情境的選擇機制：•解釋人類如何根據環境威脅的強度與可控性，在四種應激反應中做出動態選擇。2.應激反應的內化與資源重建：•探討應激反應如何內化為人格結構，並如何通過心理資源的釋放與再分配，重建個體的適應能力與行為靈活性。3.個體到群體的動態轉換：•解釋應激反應模式如何影響群體合作、社會行為，並推動文明的進程與穩定。MPST 的提出不僅整合了進化心理學、應激理論與防禦機制等多個核心觀點，還提供了一個跨學科的元理論框架，具有廣泛的學術適用性與現實解釋力。本理論旨在填補現有心理學在「應激反應動態選擇」及「資源重建邏輯」上的空白，為個體心理健康、群體行為動力及社會文明發展提供一個系統性的理解與實踐框架。本作品採用CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 國際許可協議授權。您可以自由分享本文，但須標示出處，僅限非商業用途，且不得對作品進行改作。更多詳細內容請查看論文內容中的版權說明部分或是詳細授權條款請參閱：https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Appreciation Should be EA-SI – Demystifying the Definition and Operationalization of Experienced Appreciation at Work by Developing a New Construct
Authors: Resch Maximilian , Bellhäuser Henrik
Published: February 2025

In this article, we developed the new construct, Experienced Appreciation in Social Interactions (EA-SI), to reduce the inconsistency in defining and measuring experienced appreciation at work. The integrative theoretical model is based on the well-validated Stress as Offense to Self-theory. To operationalize the construct, we validated the EA-SI Work Scale in two independent samples. Colleagues and supervisors were investigated as potential origins of experienced appreciation. Study One included N = 231 participants. Study Two enclosed N = 391. Using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, the construct turned out to be unidimensional. The more employees felt appreciated the higher their self-esteem and the lower their stress perception. Higher experienced appreciation was related to more work satisfaction, life satisfaction, and work engagement, as well as lower emotional exhaustion. Most of these relations were true for both groups of appreciators and beyond the influence of social support. The instrument’s internal consistency and retest reliability were good to excellent. The results indicated strong content, construct, and criterion validity for the instrument. Based on these findings, the strengths and limitations of this article and possible implications for future research and practical use were discussed.
Modes of Existential Awareness: Distinguishing and measuring self-transcendent awareness states and traits
Authors: Dorjee Dusana , Nguyen Thy , Märtins Olivia
Published: February 2025

Self-transcendent and non-dual states of awareness are increasingly investigated and applied in mental health research and in research on mechanisms underpinning contemplative practices. However, current frameworks do not distinguish different kinds of these states. This article outlines a new taxonomy of modes of existential awareness (MEAs) differentiating a range of self-transcendent and non-dual states. We distinguish 15 MEAs in three categories: positive, negative and incomplete MEAs. The positive category includes a progression of nine MEAs, from decentering through cognitive deconstruction of self and emptiness of self to pristine awareness. Negative MEAs include states such as immersion in mental phenomena and cognitive self-construing. Incomplete MEAs have some but not all features of positive MEAs, e.g. non-dual state without stability and recognising. Based on these MEA distinctions we then introduce a new measure called the Inventory of Modes of Existential Awareness (IMEA) comprising brief scenarios that describe each of the 15 MEAs. Findings from an initial validation of the IMEA (n = 97) showed that meditators were able to distinguish MEAs in all three categories. We found positive associations between the majority of positive MEAs and decentering, mindfulness, psychological wellbeing, depth of meditation experience, conscientiousness and a negative relationship with neuroticism. The opposite pattern was observed for negative MEAs and there was a lack of consistent relationships with incomplete MEAs. We discuss implications of these findings for future research on neural correlates and developmental trajectories of MEAs, and open a discussion on relevance of MEA research to wider societal applications.
Fractal Holographic Emergent String Theory (FHEST): PART B Mathematical Framework, Mechanisms, and Experimental Validation
Authors: zhou changzheng , zhou ZIQING
Published: February 2025

Fractal Holographic Emergent String Theory (FHEST) integrates fractal geometry, instanton corrections, holographic duality, and string theory into a selfconsistent quantum gravity framework. By using fractal spacetime discretization, coupled with non-perturbative curvature dynamics and holographic dimensional reduction, this theory addresses core challenges such as spacetime divergences at high energy scales, gravitational non-renormalizability, and the black hole information paradox. This paper systematically outlines the mathematical tools, physical implementation path, experimental predictions, and comparative advantages of FHEST over traditional models, while examining its future development directions
How Do Non-Black U.S. College Students Think They Would Feel After Committing a Race-Related Interpersonal Transgression?
Authors: Mezzapelle Jennifer L. , Reiman Anna
Published: February 2025

Debate over the appropriateness of discussing racism in U.S. educational settings is ongoing. Whereas some believe discussing racism will improve race relations, others argue that such discussions are divisive and cause unnecessary distress, especially among White students. In a preregistered study, we investigated whether people who do not identify as Black or African American indeed experience emotional distress in response to the suggestion that they may have acted in a manner indicating subtle anti-Black bias. Non-Black U.S. college students (N=326; mean age=18.86; 69.0% women, 30.4% men, and 0.6% reported another gender; 56.1% White, 16.9% Asian/Pacific Islander, 16.6% Hispanic, 2.1% reported another race/ethnicity, and 5.7% reported multiple racial/ethnic identities) imagined committing two interpersonal transgressions, one of which was race-related. For each transgression, participants reported their feelings about the situation, including how responsible they would feel for perpetrating the transgression and whether they would feel negatively about themselves. Overall, many participants reported feeling responsible and negatively about themselves when imagining committing a race-related transgression. However, this response was more common among participants who scored higher on measures of habitual concern about behaving in nonprejudiced ways, and these participants also tended to report on an open-ended measure that they would react by apologizing and correcting their behavior. Our results suggest that, when discussing racism, those most likely to experience distress are people who are already concerned about expressing prejudice. Accordingly, discussions of racism may benefit from mentioning ways to reduce prejudice.
Investigating EEG inter-brain synchrony: methods to gather meaningful evidence
Authors: Cassioli Federico , Bellaert Nellia , Pulopulos Matias M. , Galdiolo Sarah , Holroyd Clay B. , De Raedt Rudi
Published: February 2025

Synchrony has been proposed as a relevant phenomenon for investigating social neurophysiological and psychological processes, with inter-brain synchrony, in particular, presumed to facilitate the functional integration of multiple brains. However, the lack of an accepted definition and a cohesive theoretical corpus that allows hypothesis-based approaches, often combined with less robust empirical methods, might hinder progress in this field. To address this, we propose a definition of inter-brain synchrony and link various theoretical contributions to justify the existence of meaningful temporal alignment between different brain activities. Furthermore, we propose a set of methods aimed at minimizing bias in the collection of evidence supporting this neural mechanism. Our approach entails extracting instantaneous phase data from Hilbert-transformed EEG time series recorded from individuals under different experimental conditions that account for the synchrony’s confounding factors such as shared attention, cognitive, and motor dependencies. We then propose multiple data analysis strategies, including circular statistics combined with permutation testing, and mutual information. Finally, we present an example of a potential application within the context of cooperation in nuclear families. We believe that, by employing such methods consistently, the concept of inter brain synchrony is falsifiable. Whether this phenomenon is empirically supported or not, it will contribute to advancing our understanding of the social brain.
On Historical Sundown Towns and Racial Bias
Authors: Primbs Maximilian , Calanchini Jimmy
Published: February 2025

Sundown towns refer to places that restricted or excluded the movement or settlement of racial and ethnic minorities within their borders. Though civil rights legislation largely put an end to their official aspects, the cultural legacy of sundown towns may persist today within geographical regions. In the present research, we examine whether the geographic distribution of American sundown towns is evident in regional aggregates of the racial biases of modern-day residents. Using the geolocated responses of more than 1.3 million Project Implicit visitors, we found that counties characterized in the past by either sundown policies or the presence of sundown towns have higher levels of implicit and explicit racial bias today. These findings are robust across analytic choices, but generalizability and discriminant tests provided mixed evidence. This research contributes to a growing literature linking environments and biases, and demonstrates that the legacy of a shameful period in American history is not limited to the history books.
Reducing Existential Risk By Reducing The Allure Of Unwarranted Antibiotics: Two low-cost interventions
Authors: Byrd Nick , Parlow Olivia
Published: February 2025

Over one million annual deaths have been attributed to bacterial antimicrobial resistance. Although antibiotics have saved countless other lives, overuse and misuse of antibiotics increases this global threat. Developing new antibiotics and retraining clinicians can be undermined by patients who pressure clinicians to prescribe unnecessary antibiotics. So we validated two low-cost, scalable interventions for improving antibiotic decisions in an online randomized control trial and a pre-registered replication (N = 985). Both first-person vignette experiments found that an infographic and text message caused intermediate to large improvements in antibiotic decisions compared to active controls — even when controlling for a dozen confounds. Notably, these educational interventions also reduced trust in a clinician who offered antibiotics for an upper respiratory infection. These data show how low-cost adjustments to existing communication systems can teach people to reduce the existential risks of antibiotic resistance and how inappropriate antibiotic prescribing can erode trust in health systems.
Inconclusive prospective effect of dispositional mindfulness on looming: A simulated reanalysis and comment on Prieto-Fidalgo and Calvete (2024)
Authors: Sorjonen Kimmo , Melin Bo
Published: February 2025

Based on findings from analyses with cross-lagged panel models, Prieto-Fidalgo and Calvete (2024) concluded that non-judging and non-reactivity, two facets of dispositional mindfulness, protect against looming. Here, we simulated data to resemble the data used by Prieto-Fidalgo and Calvete. We used triangulation and fitted complementary models to the simulated data and found contradicting decreasing, increasing, and null effects of initial dispositional mindfulness on subsequent change in looming. These divergent findings suggest that it is premature to assume a protective effect of dispositional mindfulness on looming and the conclusions by Prieto-Fidalgo and Calvete in this regard can be challenged. It is important for researchers to be aware that correlations, including adjusted cross-lagged effects, do not prove causality in order not to overinterpret findings, something that appears to have happened to Prieto-Fidalgo and Calvete. We recommend researchers to triangulate by fitting complementary models to their data in order to evaluate if observed effects may be due to true causal effects or if they appear to be spurious.
Latent subdimensions of anxiety and depression differentially influence exertion of effort in pursuit of reward versus avoidance of threat
Authors: Senta Jennifer , Collins Anne , Dayan Peter , Bishop Sonia
Published: February 2025

Anxiety and depression are highly comorbid. Across species, depression-related phenotypes have been linked to reduced willingness to expend effort to pursue rewards. Effortful threat avoidance has been less extensively studied. Work in rodents suggest that reduced effortful threat avoidance characterizes depressive phenotypes and is responsive to antidepressant medications, while increased effortful threat avoidance characterizes more anxiety-like phenotypes and is responsive to anxiolytic medications. A parallel dissociation in humans would have clear clinical implications. Here, we investigated whether dimensions of depressed and anxious affect do indeed differentially impact effortful reward pursuit versus threat avoidance in humans. Hierarchical Bayesian modeling revealed that component decision-making mechanisms underlying effortful reward pursuit were differentially impacted by latent dimensions capturing the depressive symptoms of apathy versus anhedonia. Meanwhile, only the latent dimension tapping worry-related symptoms significantly impacted effortful threat avoidance, increasing willingness to exert effort to avoid threat and reducing sensitivity to threat magnitude.
Using joint probability density to create informative, unidimensional indices: A new method using pain and psychiatric severity as examples
Authors: Noorbaloochi Siamak , Clothier Barbara , Murdoch Maureen
Published: February 2025

Background. Dimension reduction methods do not always reduce their underlying indicators to a single dimension. Furthermore, such methods are usually based on optimality criteria that require discarding some information. The joint probability density functions (joint pdf or JPD) can be considered as unidimensional indices. We compare such JPD indices with some traditional scoring methods.Methods. We introduced unidirectionality and co-directionality as basic requirements for a joint pdf to become an index. we then provided an argument to demonstrate its maximal informativeness property. Using all possible joint pdf conditional specifications, we estimated the JPD index. We then applied the method to two data sets: first, on the 7 Brief Pain Inventory Interference scale (BPI-I) items obtained from 8,889 US Veterans with chronic pain and, second, on a novel measure based on administrative data, the Manifestations of Psychiatric Severity Index (MoPSI), for 912 US Veterans who had applied for Department of Veterans Affairs disability benefits. We used measures of monotone dependence (e.g., Spearman’s rho) to assess unidirectionality and co-directionality. We used Shannon’s entropy to compare uncertainties (informativeness) in the BPI-I JPD score to standard BPI-I scores and to the estimated person’s parameters of Partial Credit Rasch modeling of BPI-I items. JPD score and person’s parameter were compared for the MoPSI.Results. All three distinct BPI-I scores’ rankings were highly monotonically dependent (pairwise rho>0.98). The MoPSI’s JPD score rank correlation with the Rasch person’s parameter was also very high (rho=0.98). Compared to standard or Rasch scoring methods, Shannon’s entropy was smaller for BPI-I and for MoPSI JPD scores. With the fixed precision, the BPI-I’s JPD scoring method generated 7,778 unique person-scores compared to 71 unique person-scores generated by standard or Rasch scoring. The MOPSI’s JPD scoring method generated 121 unique person-scores compared to 21 unique person-scores generated by Rasch modeling. Conclusions. While agreeing with more traditional scoring methods, the JPD scoring method benefits from the optimality foundations on which it is built, with the additional ability to provide more detailed ordering of subjects due to its maximal informativeness property.
Does food insecurity cause anxiety and depression? Evidence from the Changing Cost of Living Study
Authors: Bateson Melissa , Chevallier Coralie , Johnson Elliott Aidan , Johnson Matthew Thomas , Pickett Kate , Nettle Daniel
Published: February 2025

Food insecurity is associated with increased odds of anxiety and depression, but it is unclear whether this effect is causal, and if so, the timescale over which it occurs. We conducted a preregistered analysis of an intensive longitudinal dataset, the Changing Cost of Living Study, to explore evidence for causal processes linking food insecurity to anxiety and depression. Data were collected monthly between September 2022 and August 2023 from panels of adults in the UK (n = 244) and France (n = 240). Food insecurity predicted higher concurrent symptoms of anxiety and depression (measured respectively with GAD-7 and PHQ-8), controlling for gender, age, time and mental health in the previous month. Effect sizes were similar for anxiety and depression. Changes in food insecurity produced changes in symptoms (within-individual standardised effects: 0.15 [95% CI 0.08-0.22] on GAD-7 and 0.11 [95% CI 0.03-0.18] on PHQ-8). The deterioration in mental health when participants became food insecure was of similar magnitude to the improvement observed when they became food secure. Consistent with Granger causality, food insecurity in the current month predicted poorer mental health in the following month after controlling for current mental health. These results support the hypothesis that food insecurity causes symptoms of anxiety and depression. The effects were rapid, occurring within a month of becoming food insecure, and were equally rapidly reversed. We conclude that policy interventions designed to reduce food insecurity would have immediate, clinically relevant, positive impacts on mental health.
Cooperative breeding as a likely early catalyst of human evolution
Authors: Burkart Judith M. , Cerrito Paola , Natalucci Giancarlo , van Schaik Carel P.
Published: February 2025

Unlike any other great ape, humans give birth to large, secondarily altricial babies, show precocial social development, have bigger brains that require a long maturation period, and engage in cooperative breeding (CB). These traits, which characterize the human adaptive complex, are intricately linked and must have mutually reinforced each other over evolutionary time. Here, we use recent evidence from paleontology, developmental psychology, and pediatrics, complemented with comparative analyses to ask what may have triggered this coevolutionary feedback loop: bipedality, direct selection on altriciality, a higher-quality diet, or cooperative breeding. An early adoption of extensive allomaternal care during human evolution, i.e. the CB-first model, best accommodates the available data. In particular, CB was a catalyst enabling further increases in brain size, because even though larger brains slow down life history and neurodevelopment and thus lead to a demographic dilemma, CB enabled the necessary increase in birth rates.
The Role of Polygenic Indices in Inequality of Opportunity
Authors: Grätz Michael , Petrini Sonia
Published: February 2025

Equality of opportunity is a principle of social justice, although there are different conceptions of it. We distinguish between liberal and radical equality of opportunity. Both conceptions consider unfair inequalities in life chances that result from ascribed characteristics such as social origin, migration background, and sex. However, they differ in that liberal equality of opportunity considers it fair when innate abilities affect life chances. Conversely, radical equality of opportunity places innate abilities in the category of morally arbitrary factors that do not provide a fair basis for inequalities in life chances. We use polygenic indices (PGIs) to better disentangle the role of innate abilities from the roles of ascribed characteristics and individual choices. We compare this approach to using measures of skills observed later in life. We apply this approach to two survey datasets, (1) the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study (WLS) and (2) the German Socio-Economic Panel Study (SOEP). According to our results, radical inequality of opportunity is considerably larger than liberal inequality of opportunity, especially for education. Measuring innate abilities using PGIs leads to very similar conclusions as using skills measured later in life. However, the differences between liberal and radical inequality of opportunity are smaller using PGIs than using measures of observed skills.
Pursuit of Stability, Electronic, Lattice Dynamics, and Thermoelectric Properties of Half Heusler Compound TiFeSe
Authors: Khatri Prakash
Published: February 2025

Half-Heusler (HH) compounds are increasingly popular for their use as thermoelectric materials in high-temperature applications. The present work explores the electron and phonon transport properties of TiFeSe compounds to understand their thermoelectric behaviour using Density Functional Theory (DFT), semiclassical Boltzmann transport equation, and Slack's equation. The compound is thermodynamically, dynamically, and mechanically stable, exhibiting non-magnetic semiconductor behaviour with an indirect bandgap of 0.80 eV. The compound has a higher Young's modulus and bulk modulus, indicating better mechanical strength, and also has a high melting point, as calculated from the elastic constants. The lattice thermal conductivity is 24.84 Wm−1K−1 at room temperature and decreases as the temperature increases. The maximum power factor (PF) in the compound for hole doping is 182 μW/cmK², leading to a maximum figure of merit (zT) value of 1.45 at 1200 K. This study shows that the hole-doped TiFeSe compound is a promising candidate for high-temperature power generation in thermoelectric applications.
Antioxidant Activity and HR-LCMS Analysis of Phytochemicals Present in the Methanolic Extract of the Rhizomes of Paris Polyphylla (Satuwa)
Authors: Magar Paurakh , Pokhrel Galaxy , Silwal Sachin , Thapa Sabi , Mahato Ajaya , Adhikara Bishisha , Bagale Shiva , Shrestha Pabitra , Bhattarai Bodhbabu , Pokhrel Ganga Raj
Published: February 2025

Antioxidant activity and the complete High-Resolution Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HR-LCMS) metabolomic profiling of the rhizomes of Paris polyphylla is still unknown. This study mainly focused on the analysis of the phytochemicals present in the methanolic extract of the rhizomes of P. polyphylla. The roots of Paris polyphylla is used in traditional medicine as counteragent for snake bite, remedy for insect poison, relieve for wounds, sore throat etc. Like other medicinal plants, root of Paris polyphylla contains numerous potential bioactive compounds. Such bioactive compounds have significant antioxidant activity. Quantative measurement of total Flavonoids, phenolics and antoxidants were carried using spectrometric technique based on quercetin, gallic acid and ascorbic acid as the standards. The total flavonoids content is calculated as 38.430.27mg QE/g dry weights. Moreover the total phenolic constitutes 41.470.53 mg GAE/g dw and the total antioxidant comprises 20.690.97 mg Ascorbic acid equivalent/g dw. HR-LCMS analysis conducted in both positive and negative ESI modes revealed the presence of 128 distinct molecules. Root of P. Polyphylla possesses valuable antioxidant properties for dietary and medicinal use.
Community Knowledge, Perception and Conservation Challenges of Smooth-coated Otter (Lutrogale perspicillata) in Shuklaphanta National Park, Nepal
Authors: Awasthi Balram , Uprety Kusum , Shrestha Purna Man , Poudyal Laxman Prasad , Kunwar Amar
Published: February 2025

Smooth-coated otters face increasing challenges from anthropogenic pressure, but research studies in human-dominated environments are sparse. This study aims to analyze residents' knowledge, attitudes, and practices about smooth-coated otters to guide sustainable conservation efforts and management decisions for implementing management interventions as well as policy intervention to safeguard the otter populations in the wetlands of Shuklaphanta National Park's buffer zone. Sixty-six locals from three user committees of Shuklaphanta National Park's buffer zone participated in semi-structured interviews to gain information on their livelihoods, resource consumption, awareness of otters, and conservation attitudes. Agriculture (78.7%) was the primary source of income, and a lack of information hampered conservation efforts. Fishing and livestock grazing are common activities along the river, but these practices, combined with pollution and riverbank construction, have resulted in habitat degradation and declining fish populations. Socioeconomic challenges, such as poor education levels, intensify these issues. Despite these challenges, 95% of respondents expressed strong support for otter conservation, highlighting awareness campaigns and habitat protection as their primary concerns. However, the community's inadequate understanding of otters' ecological importance and involvement in maintaining healthy river ecosystems demonstrates the need for targeted education. Human activities that affect river ecology emphasize the importance of long-term management strategies to conserve otter habitats and local resources. The major community support for otter protection provides a solid platform for conservation efforts.
Simulation of Vibrational Spectra (IR and Raman), PED Analysis and Study of Solvation Effects on Electronic Properties of Methyldopa
Authors: Chaudhary Tarun , Joshi Bhawani Datt
Published: February 2025

The properties like hydrogen bonding, partial atomic charges associated with atoms and intramolecular charge transfer characteristics of a drug are very crucial for its biological activity. In the paper, these electronic properties of antihypertensive drug methyldopa have been studied intensively, using Density Functional Theory (DFT). The simulated infrared (IR) and Raman spectra of monomer and dimer, Potential energy distribution (PED), Mullikan atomic charges and UV spectra have been analysed. In both IR and Raman spectra, the prominent stretching of the O-H group taking part in intermolecular hydrogen bonding was obtained at 2814.64 cm−1. Furthermore, the most negative Mulliken charge was found to be associated with nitrogen, N5 and onygen, O4 and the most positive with carbon atom C10 in momomer. The UV-Vis absorption spectra analysis has been performed in gaseous and solvent (EtOH) states. The present work precisely explains hydrogen bonding, reactive sites and possibility of intramolecular charge transfer.
On Some Properties of Ap Weights
Authors: Nath Jayadev
Published: February 2025

We provide a survey of the literature on the issue of weighted inequalities of operators in harmonic analysis. Some features of Ap weight functions are discussed and elaborated in this note that will assist in the comprehensive study on the theory of weights.
CTEVT Toward Skills Enhancement in Nepal
Authors: Neupane Rabindra Kumar , Timilsina Jagat
Published: February 2025

This article highlights the role of CTEVT for skill enhancement in Nepal. Therefore, the objective of this article is to evaluate the role of CTEVT in producing technical and vocational manpower in different professions by examining its achievements in organizing skills training, institutional partnership building, and number of skilled human resources produced. Data has been collected from secondary sources i.e. published annual progress reports and journals of CTEVT and other associated partners. The collected data have been examined, summarized, and interpreted by adopting a descriptive research design. This study has identified that CTEVT has progressively developed complete mechanisms for skill enhancement through arrangements of technical and vocational training programs, institutional strengthening through partnership development, identification of current and future market skill needs in collaboration with industries and academia, development of innovative curriculums, and production of qualified professionals via skill tests programs. Therefore, it is concluded that CTEVT has played a vital role in the production of skilled workers and professionals based on current as well as future market needs in Nepal. The findings of this article will be very beneficial to industry owners, un-employed youths, semi as well as self-employed personnel, and interested private and community skill training institutions.
Effect of Training and Motivation on the Work of Employees' Performance in Tribhuvan University
Authors: Neupane Bashu , Luitel Ananta Jivan
Published: February 2025

This research aims to evaluate the impact of motivation and training on the performance of employees at Tribhuvan University in the Kathmandu Valley. Data was collected using self-structured questionnaires administered to 86 T.U. employees working in the Kathmandu Valley. A 5-point Likert scale was used to gather the primary data. The reliability and validity of the data were assessed using Cronbach's alpha, which yielded a value of 0.702, indicating that the independent variables may significantly explain the dependent variable. Descriptive statistics were applied to examine the characteristics of the data, while regression analysis was utilized to investigate causal relationships. The study highlights the importance of motivation and training in enhancing employee performance at Tribhuvan University in the Kathmandu Valley.
Academic Staff Perspectives on the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Pharmaceutical Sciences Research and Writing: A Qualitative Study.
Authors: Mohammed Samer Imad , Jabbar Kadhim Dheyaa , Zuheir Al-Metwali Basma , Mudher Mikhael Ehab , Mohammed Hassan Noor
Published: February 2025

Artificial intelligence (AI) offers significant benefits to biomedical research and academic writing. Nevertheless, using AI-powered writing aid tools has prompted worries about excessive dependence on these tools and their possible influence on writing proficiency. The current study aimed to explore the academic staff’s perspectives on the impact of AI on academic writing.
This qualitative study incorporated in-person interviews with academic faculty members. The interviews were conducted in a semi-structured manner, using a predetermined interview guide consisting of open-ended questions. The interviews were done in person with the participants from May to November 2023. The data was analyzed using thematic analysis.
Ten academics aged 41 to 59 years participated in this study. The majority had assistant professor degrees. Most of the participants did not trust the ability of AI to write an accurate scientific article because it can provide inaccurate results and/or improper citations. Regarding the concerns about the usage of AI in academic writing, most participants had negative perceptions, and they believed that AI would diminish students' writing skills. Most participants reported the impossibility of AI being the sole author of scientific articles; instead, it can just support humans in academic writing. Students could use AI to obtain scientific information, get some research ideas, improve writing by reducing grammatical errors, and save students time in writing. To get benefits from AI in academic writing, The faculty members agreed on the necessity of issuing legislation about the usage of AI by the Ministry of Higher Education or the University. Additionally, all agreed on the necessity of conducting workshops to teach staff about AI.
Finally, we can conclude that AI could potentially play a beneficial role in academic writing. However, most academic faculty express concerns about their students relying only on these tools, which may result in dependency and a decline in writing proficiency. It is crucial to develop regulations and conduct workshops to educate staff about AI and its utilization by the Ministry of Higher Education or the University.
REABILITAÇÃO COGNITIVA NA DOENÇA DE ALZHEIMER:
Authors: Félix Lisley Sinara Oliveira , Veloso Brasileiro Fabiana Neiva
Published: February 2025

A Doença de Alzheimer (DA) envolve a combinação de fatores de riscos genéticos e ambientais. A reabilitação cognitiva surge como um método não farmacológico e alternativo para o tratamento da DA, visando preservar a independência e o funcionamento diário desse paciente. Esta revisão tem por objetivo coletar e mapear as informações disponíveis sobre a eficácia da reabilitação cognitiva no tratamento dos pacientes com DA em estágios inicial, leve e moderado, e é orientada pelo protocolo PRISMA. Como recurso de pesquisa faz-se uso das seguintes palavras-chaves: “doença de Alzheimer” AND "reabilitação cognitiva”. Foram encontrados 259 artigos publicados nos últimos cinco anos em diferentes bancos de dados, sete foram analisados nesta revisão. Um total de 24 ferramentas para intervenções de RC foram encontradas. Conclui-se que a RC vem contribuindo de maneira eficaz no tratamento funcional e na qualidade de vida dos pacientes acometidos pela DA em estágio inicial a moderado.
Evaluation of urban public transportation routes in Bekasi district Indonesia
Authors: Nuryati S , Husaini A A , Yulius E , Gunarti A S S , Prihesnanto F , Darma E
Published: February 2025

One of the factors to support and increase economic productivity in Bekasi district is transportation, so public transportation services are needed as the main support for community activities. The public transportation service in Bekasi district is urban transportation, which is less popular because people have switched to public transportation modes since the existence of ojol (online motorcycle taxis) which are more practical and flexible. Apart from that, in terms of urban transportation services in Bekasi district, it is still considered less satisfying for customers so there are few people interested. The aim of the research is to determine the performance, services, and maps of old and new city transport routes in Bekasi district on routes K33. The methods used in this research are the Slovin method for sampling respondents, a Likert scale to determine the score of question criteria, and the IPA method. to find out priorities for improving services in city transportation in Bekasi district. Assistance software used to analyze data using SPPS, Ms Excel, and route network maps using ArcGIS. The research results show that the smallest load factor performance value is 13%, headway is 112.42 minutes, frequency is 1 vehicle/hour, vehicle speed is 14.43 km/hour, longest travel time is 74 minutes, longest waiting time is 77.66 minutes, circulation time the longest was 163.05 minutes. City transportation services based on the results of the Cartesian diagram are a priority for increasing the waiting time criteria in transportation.
Evaluation of BTS tower structure to the addition of SST 3 Leg 51 meter antenna tower
Authors: Darma E , Arifin M N A , Gunarti A S S , Nuryati S , Yulius E , Prihesnanto F
Published: February 2025

Increasing network capacity and quality is done by upgrading or adding devices on telecommunication towers, including the addition of sector antennas or transmission antennas. The addition of devices in telecommunication towers results in an increase in the load that must be carried by the telecommunication tower. This study aims to evaluate the structure of the bts tower against the addition of antenna tower sst 3 leg 51 meters by engineering software for tower antenna. The stability analysis of the telecommunication tower includes the stress ratio variables that occur in the tower elements, tower sway, tower torsion, tower displacement, and support reactions that occur. In addition, the strength of the connections in the structure and foundation were analyzed against the loads received by the tower structure. Analysis and modelling in this research are assisted by engineering software for tower antenna (MS Tower) and refers to the EIA Standard Structural for steel Antenna Tower and Antenna Supporting Structure (TIA-222-F). The results of the analysis of the existing antenna device and the addition of the antenna device with the maximum wind speed according to the EID / TIA-222-F regulations obtained the ratio on the leg of 1.057. Which means it exceeds the permit stress ratio value required by AISC-LRFD which is < 1.0. So that reinforcement is needed on panels that have a ratio above the permit voltage. The results of the analysis of the tower structure, connection, and foundation after reinforcement were found to be safe.
Experimental study of variations in fiber types and volume fractions of unsaturated polymer resin (UPR) composites on the mechanical and physical properties of the material
Authors: Indrayani N L , Sadiana R , Ekawati F D , Handoyo Y , Maulana H , Dayana D N
Published: February 2025

Biocomposites are a specific type of material derived from organic sources that exhibit enhanced biodegradability when they are discarded as waste. The utilization of biocomposites in various products can significantly contribute to waste reduction. This study focuses on the development of biocomposite materials using two different types of fibers, namely palm tree fiber and sea pandanus fiber, in combination with an Unsaturated Polymer Resin (UPR) matrix and varying volume fractions. The fabrication process involves creating four different types of specimens with distinct volume fractions: 5% fiber with 95% matrix, 10% fiber with 90% matrix, 15% fiber with 85% matrix, and 20% fiber with 80% matrix, utilizing the hand lay-up method. To evaluate the performance of the biocomposites, several physical and mechanical tests were conducted. The physical properties were assessed through density measurements, water absorption tests, and swelling tests. Interestingly, the physical property values were found to be relatively consistent across all fiber types. On the other hand, the mechanical properties, particularly the impact strength, exhibited variations among the different fiber composites. Notably, the palm fiber biocomposites demonstrated the highest impact strength, specifically at a fiber volume fraction of KSI3, yielding a value of 30,860 kJ/m2. Additionally, the tensile strength of the palm fiber biocomposite exhibited a deformation value of 25.73 MPa, indicating its ability to withstand stress. In summary, this research highlights the potential of biocomposites as environmentally friendly materials that can effectively reduce waste. The utilization of palm fiber in biocomposites shows promising results in terms of mechanical properties, particularly impact strength and tensile strength. These findings contribute to the advancement of sustainable materials and offer insights for further exploration and development in the field of biocomposites.
Design and development of a black box for motorcycles
Authors: Putra D S , Rahman A , Wagino W , Baharudin A , Milana M , Habibullah H , Mukhaiyar R , Fernanda Y
Published: February 2025

The increasing prevalence of motorcycle usage in Indonesia is directly linked to a surge in related accidents. Within the domain of traffic accident investigations, law enforcement often depends on witness testimonies, a method that is susceptible to substantial discrepancies. The variability in this context presents difficulties, resulting in inefficiencies when it comes to accurately determining the underlying causes of accidents. Hence, there is an urgent requirement for inventive measures to address these challenges and improve the efficiency of accident investigations. This study focuses on the creation of a Black Box, a vehicle data recording device that records information regarding speed, turn signal activation, and brake use. Its primary purpose is to identify the factors that contribute to motor vehicle accidents. The research includes the design, development, and testing phases of this customized Black Box for mechanized motorcycles. In addition, it provides a practical solution to the difficulties encountered by law enforcement and other parties in determining the cause of an accident. This study is structured as a development research project and entails the conception, production, and evaluation of a novel product. This research concludes with significant findings. First, it produces a reliable and effective vehicle data recording system that can identify accident causes. Secondly, experimental results confirm that the efficacy of the device is consistent with its intended design. In addition, the efficacy of the device is highlighted by the fact that it operates without interfering with other mechanical and electrical vehicle systems. This eliminates the need for manual activation and conserves battery power during vehicle inactivity.