bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Long-term Outcomes between Hirschsprung's Disease Patients after Soave Procedure and Duhamel Procedure Based on the Paediatric Incontinence and Constipation Scoring System: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Sentoso Joko Wibowo , Agustriani Nunik , SA Ida Bagus Budhi
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Hirschprung's disease is a congenital disease that causes intestinal motility disorders. Hirschprung's disease is still the most common condition that causes intestinal obstruction in children. The incidence of Hirschprung's disease is 1:5000 live births. The incidence ratio of this disease is around 4:1 between men and women, with a higher percentage of men 1,3,4. Approximately 75% of cases of Hirschprung's disease occur in the rectosigmoid colon area, 17% in the splenic flexure or transverse colon and 8% along the colon and terminal ileum. The Duhamel technique still remains a popular procedure most surgeons especially for long segment treatment and redo procedures.28, 30 The advantage of the Duhamel Procedure is that it is easy to perform, reduces the risk of damage to surrounding structures such as genitourinary innervation, but has the possibility of complications of anastomotic leakage which causes fistulas and abscesses.

Materials and Methods: Total subjects of this study was 441 patients with Hirschprung's disease who were treated with the Soave procedure and the Duhamel procedure at Dr. Moewardi General Hospital in Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia for the period January 2017 - January 2022. This type of research is descriptive analytics with a retrospective cohort.

Results: The results of the study can be concluded that patients with HAEC increases the risk of constipation. Congenital abnormalities predispose to fecal incontinence. Differences in surgical techniques do not significantly influence or increase the risk of constipation and fecal incontinence based on statistical tests. However, the increased risk of constipation and fecal incontinence is higher in patients undergoing the Duhamel surgical procedure.

Conclusion: Conclusions that can be drawn from research regarding the comparison of long-term outcomes of Hirschsprung disease patients after Soave and Duhamel operations based on the Pediatric Incontinence and Constipation Scoring System at Dr. Moewardi General Hospital in Surakarta, Indonesia for period January 2017 – January 2022, it can be concluded that there is no significant difference in the outcome of patients who underwent the Soave or Duhamel procedures. The Duhamel procedure has a higher prevalence of complications of constipation and fecal incontinence compared to the Soave procedure. The presence of HAEC before the surgical procedure increases the risk of constipation, significantly in the Soave and Duhamel procedures.
Orbital Cellulitis Revealing Sturge-weber Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Aoussar Chaimae , Azitoune Sanae , Nahi Chaimae , Ichane Mohamed Amine , Mouadine Khadija , Chkirate Bouchra
Published: April 2024

Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS), also known as encephalofacial angiomatosis, is a rare congenital neurocutaneous and ocular condition. It is characterized by two types of malformations: a congenital facial port-wine stain and a capillary-venous leptomeningeal angioma, typically homolaterally located, often in the parieto-occipital region. The diagnosis of SWS largely relies on neuroimaging, particularly magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which is crucial for identifying anomalies before the onset of neuro-ocular complications. We present the case of a child in whom SWS is suspected due to the presence of a facial and leptomeningeal angioma.
Climate Change Effects on Sustainable Vegetable Production in India: A Review
Authors: Babu R. Ramesh , Baishya Lohit K. , Reddy A. Gopala Krishna , Pongener Alemwati , H.R Raghavendra , N Omprakash Naik
Published: April 2024

This review explores the complex relationship between sustainable vegetable production and climate change, aiming to identify strategies for harnessing climatic shifts to promote resilience and productivity in the agricultural sector. One of the abundant sources of vitamins and minerals in vegetables contributes significantly to food and nutritional security. Vegetables are extremely vulnerable to erratic climate shifts and highly perishable. This study emphasizes the need for adaptable approaches to address issues caused by altered temperature patterns, erratic precipitation and increased extreme weather occurrences. The review highlights the integration of climate-resilient vegetable crop varieties into implementing innovative technologies like precision farming and greenhouse farming and emphasises the need for a holistic approaches. The importance of institutional support, community involvement and policy frameworks is explored to address this complex climate change paradox. By combining existing knowledge, this review provides insights into the numerous strategies required for sustainable vegetable production regarding climate change (Use of climate resilient varieties, Adoption of climate-smart agriculture (CSA) practices, Crop diversification). Consequently, this review article aims to examine the climate change effects on growing vegetables in a sustainable manner as well as its management strategies.
Effect of Bio-stimulants on Growth, Yield, Quality and Biotic Resistance in Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: A. J Chaitra, , A. P Mallikarjuna Gowda, , B Manjunath,
Published: April 2024

In 2021, a field experiment was conducted out at ICAR-Krishi Vigyana Kendra in Bengaluru Rural District, Karnataka state, India, to investigate the impact of bio-stimulants on the growth, yield, and quality of chillies (Capsicum annuum L.). The company supplied Lakshmi Hybrid Inputs Seeds Pvt. Ltd. with Chilli Hybrid seeds (LHC-1835), that were utilized to produce the seedlings. In the present investigation, the application of amino acid-based biostimulants was carried out employing a randomized complete block design with seven treatments being replicated three times and spaced 90 by 45 cm apart. The results indicated that the maximum plant height (87.80 cm), primary branches (9.13), secondary branches (18.27), root length (27.07 cm), number of fruits per plant (58.33), fruit length (16.82 cm), and fruit diameter (1.31) with less incidence of pests such as white fly, thrips and murda complex were recorded with seedling dip and foliar application of amino acid-based bio-stimulant.
Impact of Seed Protectants on Seed Quality and Pest Infestation in Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan L.) Seeds during Storage
Authors: Sahu Ravendra , Mishra Lokesh Kumar , Rai Shivam Kumar , Singh Shriprakash , Singh Anish Kumar , Panwar Hukum Singh
Published: April 2024

This study investigates the efficacy of diverse seed protectants on key parameters affecting seed quality and pest infestation in pigeon pea seeds during storage. Over 3, 6, and 9-month storage periods, the impact of seed protectants on germination percentage, moisture content, vigor index, insect infestation by pulse beetles, and seed weight loss was assessed. Notably, Emamectin benzoate and Deltamethrin consistently maintained high seed quality, with germination percentages ranging from 88.33% to 84.33% and 87.33% to 83.00%, respectively. These insecticidal treatments also exhibited minimal insect infestation, ranging from 0.33% to 1.00%. In contrast, botanical protectants showed varying effectiveness, with Lantana camara and Vitex negundo displaying germination percentages ranging from 86.67% to 80.67% and 87.00% to 82.67%, and insect infestation levels ranging from 0.33% to 1.33%. These findings highlight the importance of seed protectants in preserving seed viability and minimizing pest damage during storage, thereby enhancing crop yield and reducing post-harvest losses in pigeon pea cultivation.
The Acoustic Emission Characterization of Mechanical Damage of Geopolymer Recycled Concrete
Authors: Duan Jiayu , Yang He , Chen Xiaobo
Published: April 2024

As a non-destructive testing method, acoustic emission technology can be used to detect the internal damage of concrete specimens in the process of stress. Geopolymer concrete is expected to replace cement as a new generation of green building material because of its outstanding features of low carbon emission and low energy consumption while utilizing industrial solid waste. And with the increasing amount of concrete, due to the mining of sand and gravel aggregate caused by environmental damage and resource depletion has become increasingly serious. In this paper, acoustic emission technology is used to detect the damage of geopolymer recycled concrete during bending and pull-out tests. The results show that the acoustic emission energy distribution map can well reflect the characteristics of load rising and falling stages, it can provide a reference for related research.
An Exploratory Analysis of the Stability and Quality of Instant Soup Mix Powder Incorporated with Malabar Spinach Leaves Powder under Refrigerated Conditions
Authors: Singh Richa , Sonkar Seema
Published: April 2024

The study was carried out for determining of the shelf life of the instant soup mix powder prepared using dried Malabar spinach leaves powder, tomato powder, moong dal powder and other main ingredients. Malabar spinach Instant soup mix powder formulated with 4 g of Malabar spinach leaves powder (MSLP), 20 g of moong dal powder (MDP), and 11 g of tomato powder (TP) along with other ingredients was liked extremely by 26.66 per cent of panel members, 60 per cent panellist liked it very much, and 13.33 per cent of panel members was liked it moderately after control treatment T0 (TP: MDP, 13:22g and 0g MSLP). The samples of instant soup mixes were packed into low density polyethylene (LDPE) and were analyzed periodically for change in quality. During 90 days of storage, there was a slight increase in the moisture content of the instant soup mix powder. In control instant soup mix powder (TP: MDP, 13:22g and 0g MSLP), moisture was initially 3.37 per cent which gradually increased to 3.46 per cent at the end of the period. The moisture content of the Malabar spinach instant soup mix powder for treatments T1, T2, T3, and T4 increased incrementally, following the same pattern. This finding was consistent across all treatments, indicating a clear trend. Total plate count indicates absence of microbial load during the storage period. The results of this investigation suggested that instant soup mixes could be kept in LDPE pouches at refrigerated temperature for ninety days without experiencing any quality deterioration.
Combating Misinformation and Polarization in the Corporate Sphere: Integrating Social, Technological and AI Strategies
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Tejero Alberto , Pisoni Galena ,   York St. John University, Habibi Lashkari Ziba ,   Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Rios-Aguilar Sergio ,   Universidad Politécnica de Madrid
Published: April 2024

In an era where misinformation and polarization present significant challenges, this research examines the root causes within social networks and assesses how corporations can use AI technologies for prompt detection. This research uses a dual approach: a "telephone game" with 225 participants from a Spanish university to study the spread of misinformation, and interviews with 15 experts from three French tech companies to investigate technological solutions. The findings indicate that almost one-third of participants inadvertently contribute to polarization, and around one-quarter propagated misinformation. The study also identifies the existing tools enhanced by AI and Machine Learning that effectively detect misinformation and polarization in corporate settings. This investigation provides crucial insights for practitioners to strengthen their strategies against misinformation and technical challenges and opportunities.
Auroville: An Architectural Laboratory
Authors: Kundoo Anupama
Published: November 2007

Architect Anupama Kundoo describes how ‘the dream of building a new city’ from scratch for an international spiritual community in southern India has created a magnet for architects around the world. As the city now approaches its 50th anniversary, she asks whether Auroville can keep its architectural culture of innovation and experimentation alight. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sharifa's House
Authors: Morshed Adnan
Published: November 2007

In Bangladesh, a microbanking system exclusively targeted at female ‘entrepeneurs’ has been combined with a streamlined domestic construction process, transforming the possibilities of affordable housing for the rural poor. Dr Adnan Morshed tells Sharifa's story; how a very modest loan from the Grameen Bank allowed Sharifa and her family to build a house and to realise what amounts to very much more than even a permanent home. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
New Coordination Modes of L‐Ascorbic Acid and Dehydro‐L‐ascorbic Acid as Dianionic Chelating Ligand for Platinum
Authors: Bergamini Paola , Marchesi Elena , Bertolasi Valerio , Fogagnolo Marco , Scarpantonio Luca , Manfredini Stefano , Vertuani Silvia , Canella Alessandro
Published: November 2007

A variety of coordination modes of L‐ascorbic acid as an anionic bidentate ligand has been exploited to prepare platinum(II) complexes 1–7 that contain phosphanes or R,R‐dach (1R,2R‐diaminocyclohexane) as neutral ligands in which O2, O3, O5, O6 and C2 act as anionic donating functionalities. An alternative synthetic route to known O2,O3 complexes is proposed, and their solubility in water has been enhanced by introducing PTA (1,3,5‐triaza‐7‐phosphaadamantane) as a neutral ligand. A new coordination mode of ascorbic acid (O2 and O3 protected) as an O5,O6‐diolate chelating ligand has been characterised in solution by NMR spectroscopy and in the solid state by X‐ray crystallography. The first example of a platinum complex that contains dehydroascorbic acid, 7, has also been prepared and its X‐ray crystal structure has been determined. The antiproliferative activity in vitro of complexes 1–7 has been tested, and the best values were obtained for the DHA complex 7, which was found to be more active than cisplatin on both a cisplatin‐sensitive and a cisplatin‐resistant cell line.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Advances in CE for kinetic studies
Authors: Newman Carl I. D. , Collins Greg E.
Published: November 2007

CE is a promising technique for the investigation of molecular interactions because it affords evaluation of multiple interaction modes, does not require immobilization of molecules, and has no dead time. In order to perform these investigations, numerous methods have been developed for determining binding constants and other thermodynamic parameters. These methods have been reviewed extensively in recent years. However, methods for determining the rates of reaction are less prolific. Nonetheless, numerous theoretical and experimental advances have been made in recent years to address this discrepancy. Some of these methods employ computer simulations to determine first‐order or second‐order rate constants numerically, whereas other methods calculate rate constants directly as solutions to analytical equations. It is the object of this review to provide descriptions of these methods in terms of their underlying assumptions, experimental methodology, calculation of rate constants, and inherent limitations.
Going through the process: An examination of the operationalization of process use in empirical research on evaluation
Authors: Amo Courtney , Cousins J. Bradley
Published: November 2007

The authors draw on empirical research on evaluation to consider how process use has been operationalized to date and what this may mean for ongoing research in this area.
Multilevel evaluation process use in large‐scale multisite evaluation
Authors: Lawrenz Frances , Huffman Douglas , McGinnis J. Randy
Published: November 2007

This chapter describes the issues surrounding evaluation process use in a large, national, multilevel, multisite evaluation funded by the National Science Foundation. Two key questions that emerge from this chapter are to what extent a multilevel core evaluation can affect evaluation process use and what types of process use can be affected.
Four methods for completing the conceptual development phase of applied theory building research in HRD
Authors: Storberg‐Walker Julia , Chermack Thomas J.
Published: November 2007

The purpose of this article is to describe four methods for completing the conceptual development phase of theory building research for single or multiparadigm research. The four methods selected for this review are (1) Weick's method of “theorizing as disciplined imagination” (1989); (2) Whetten's method of “modeling as theorizing” (2002); (3) Chermack's method of “scenario planning as theorizing” (2006); and (4) Storberg‐ Walker's method of “five components of conceptual development” (2007b). Each method is described in detail with a goal of providing readers with four alternative ways of approaching and completing the conceptual development phase. We present the methods from more to less abstract, beginning with a method illuminating the imaginative aspects of conceptual development and ending with a method that illuminates specific and interdependent cognitive tasks involved with conceptual development. These four methods cover a broad spectrum of ideas on how to best complete this most challenging component of theory building.
Marked regression of liver metastasis by combined therapy of ultrasound‐mediated NFkB‐decoy transfer and transportal injection of paclitaxel, in mouse
Authors: Azuma Haruhito , Tomita Naruya , Sakamoto Takeshi , Kiyama Satoshi , Inamoto Teruo , Takahara Kiyoshi , Kotake Yatsugu , Segawa Naoki , Morishita Ryuichi , Takahara Shiro , Hayasaki Hana , Otsuki Yoshinori , Horie Shigeo , Tanigawa Nobuhiko , Katsuoka Yoji
Published: November 2007

Nuclear factor‐kappaB (NFkB) plays a pivotal role in cancer progression. In this study, we developed a decoy cis‐element oligo‐deoxyribonucleic acid against NFkB‐binding site (NFkB‐decoy), which effectively inhibits NFkB activity, and tested the effect of combined therapy comprising local transfection of NFkB‐decoy into the liver and transportal injection of paclitaxel on cancer growth and metastasis using an orthotopic murine model of colon cancer liver metastasis. For NFkB‐decoy transfection, we employed a novel approach using ultrasound exposure with an echocardiographic contrast agent, Optison. We examined the influence of NFkB‐decoy transfer on susceptibility to paclitaxel in cancer cells and the mechanism involved using several in vitro analysis systems. We then studied the in vivo effect of combined NFkB‐decoy transfer and paclitaxel in preventing cancer progression using a murine model of liver metastasis created by splenic injection of a human colon cancer cell line, HT29. In vitro experiments, including MTT‐assay, fluorescence‐activated cell sorter and cDNA array analysis, revealed that NFkB‐decoy transfer significantly increased the susceptibility of cancer cells to paclitaxel, and that decreased expression of anti‐apoptotic genes along with increased expression of genes relevant to the apoptosis‐promotor may be involved. In vivo experiments showed that local transfection of NFkB‐decoy into the liver followed by portal injection of paclitaxel effectively induced cancer cell apoptosis in the liver metastasis, and significantly prolonged animal survival compared to controls, without notable side effects. In conclusion, a combination of local NFkB‐decoy transfer into the liver and transportal injection of paclitaxel may be a safe and effective new therapy for liver metastasis. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The histone acetyltransferase hMOF is frequently downregulated in primary breast carcinoma and medulloblastoma and constitutes a biomarker for clinical outcome in medulloblastoma
Authors: Pfister Stefan , Rea Stephen , Taipale Mikko , Mendrzyk Frank , Straub Beate , Ittrich Carina , Thuerigen Olaf , Sinn Hans Peter , Akhtar Asifa , Lichter Peter
Published: November 2007

Loss of H4 lysine 16 (H4K16) acetylation was shown to be a common feature in human cancer. However, it remained unclear which enzyme is responsible for the loss of this modification. Having recently identified the histone acetyltransferase human MOF (hMOF) to be required for bulk H4K16 acetylation, here we examined the involvement of hMOF expression and H4K16 acetylation in breast cancer and medulloblastoma. Analysis of a recent mRNA expression profiling study in breast cancer (n = 100 cases) and an array‐CGH screen in medulloblastomas (n = 102 cases), revealed downregulation in 40% and genomic loss in 11% of cases, respectively. We investigated hMOF protein expression as well as H4K16 acetylation in large series of primary breast carcinomas (n = 298) and primary medulloblastomas (n = 180) by immunohistochemistry. In contrast to nontransformed control tissues, significant fractions of both primary breast carcinomas and medulloblastomas showed markedly reduced hMOF mRNA and protein expression. In addition, hMOF protein expression tightly correlated with acetylation of H4K16 in all tested samples. For medulloblastoma, downregulation of hMOF protein expression was associated with lower survival rates identifying hMOF as an independent prognostic marker for clinical outcome in univariate as well as multivariate analyses. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Involvement of JNK/p73/NOXA in vitamin E analog‐induced apoptosis of human breast cancer cells
Authors: Wang Pei , Yu Weiping , Hu Zhanzhi , Jia Li , Iyer Vishwanath R. , Sanders Bob G. , Kline Kimberly
Published: November 2007

Microarray analyses of human MDA‐MB‐435 breast cancer cells treated with vitamin E analog 2,5,7,8‐tetramethyl‐2R‐(4R,8R,12‐trimethyltridecyl) chroman‐6‐yloxy acetic acid (α‐TEA) showed over 400 genes to be modulated. Thirty‐four genes deemed of interest based on potential involvement in anticancer activities of α‐TEA fell into six categories: apoptosis related, signal transduction, cell cycle related, cell adhesion and motility, transcriptional regulators, and membrane traffic related. The gene (PMAIP1) for NOXA was studied further. NOXA mRNA and protein levels were elevated in a time and dose‐dependent fashion following α‐TEA treatment. Functional knockdowns using small interfering RNA (siRNA) showed NOXA to contribute to α‐TEA‐induced apoptosis. A correlation between α‐TEA's ability to upregulate NOXA and induce apoptosis was seen among several human breast cancer cell lines. Efforts to identify upstream regulators of NOXA in α‐TEA‐induced apoptosis identified the necessity of both c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) activation and p73 expression. Additionally, protein levels of full length p73 were decreased by JNK siRNA treatment, suggesting that the signal transduction module of JNK‐p73‐NOXA is involved in α‐TEA induced apoptosis of human breast cancer cells. Taken together, these findings suggest a role for JNK activation in mediating full length p73 expression and add to our understanding of the mechanisms of anticancer actions of α‐TEA, a potential chemotherapeutic agent. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Interrelationships between dietary restriction, the IGF‐I axis, and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor by prostate adenocarcinoma in rats
Authors: Powolny Anna A. , Wang Shihua , Carlton Peter S. , Hoot Dahlys R. , Clinton Steven K.
Published: November 2007

Human studies suggest that excessive energy intake and obesity may influence prostate cancer progression. Rodent experiments demonstrate that diet restriction attenuates tumor growth in parallel with reduced vascular density. The present study examines changes in the insulin‐like growth factor I (IGF‐I) axis caused by dietary restriction and their association with the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in prostate cancer. Weanling male Copenhagen rats were randomized into control or 40% dietary restricted groups (n = 5). After 8 wk, rats were implanted with rat AT6.3 prostate adenocarcinoma cells. Two weeks later, the animals were sacrificed and serum, normal prostate, liver, and prostate tumor samples were collected for analyses. Dietary restriction reduced serum concentrations of IGF‐I by 35% (P < 0.05) and increased IGF‐binding protein‐3 (IGFBP3) by sevenfold (P < 0.0001). Lower circulating IGF‐I concentrations were correlated with reduced IGF‐I mRNA expression in the liver, the primary source of circulating IGF‐I. Dietary restriction also lowered mRNA expression of IGF‐I (45%, P = 0.0242) and its receptor IGFIR (40%, P = 0.0083) in prostate tumors. Similarly, reduced VEGF mRNA (30%, P = 0.0176) and secreted VEGF protein (33%, P = 0.0003) were observed in prostate cancer of restricted rats. An in vitro study employing AT6.3 prostate cancer cells demonstrated dose‐ and time‐dependent stimulation of VEGF expression by IGF‐I. These results suggest that dietary restriction reduces endocrine and prostate tumor autocrine/paracrine IGF‐I expression, which contributes to reduced VEGF expression and signaling, to inhibit tumor angiogenesis associated with prostate tumorigenesis. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A survey of sesamin and composition of tocopherol variability from seeds of eleven diverse sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) genotypes using HPLC‐PAD‐ECD
Authors: Williamson Kelly S. , Morris J. Brad , Pye Quentin N. , Kamat Chandrashekhar D. , Hensley Kenneth
Published: November 2007

The objective of this study was to determine the composition and content of sesamin and desmethyl tocopherols such as α‐tocopherol (αT), δ‐tocopherol (δT) and γ‐tocopherol (γT) in seeds of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) for 11 genotypes conserved in the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS) and Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit (PGRCU) in Griffin, Georgia, USA. Seed accessions studied were collections from eight countries worldwide, including one landrace from Thailand and two cultivars from Texas, USA. Novel methodologies and analytical techniques described herein consisted of reverse‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) connected in series with two detection systems specific for each analyte class. Photodiode array detection was employed for sesamin analysis and electrochemical array detection was used in the determination of tocopherols. A preliminary study was conducted to assess sesamin levels in 2003 and tocopherol levels in 2004 from sesame seed samples conserved at the USDA, ARS and PGRCU. In 2005, sesame seed samples were grown, harvested and evaluated for sesamin as well as tocopherol levels. The overall results (n = 3) showed that sesamin, αT, δT and γT levels were 0.67–6.35 mg/g, 0.034–0.175 µg/g, 0.44–3.05 µg/g and 56.9–99.3 µg/g respectively, indicating that the sesame seed accessions contained higher levels of sesamin and γT compared with αT and δT. Statistical analysis was conducted and significant differences were observed among the 11 different sesame genotypes. This suggests that genetic, environmental and geographical factors influence sesamin and desmethyl tocopherol content. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Crystal Structures of NbOI3 and NbOBr3 – Polar Double Chains in Different Non‐centrosymmetric Structures
Authors: Hartwig Sabina , Hillebrecht Harald
Published: November 2007

NbOI3 was obtained from a reaction of Nb2O5, Nb, and I2. Single crystals free from disorder were a by‐product from a reaction with additional CsI. The monoclinic crystal structure (C2, a = 14.624(3) Å, b = 3.9905(8) Å, c = 12.602(3) Å, β = 120.4(3)°, Z = 4, R1(F) = 0.0368, wR2(F2) = 0.0804) represents a new structure type which is built up by distorted octahedral NbI4O2 with unequal O‐atoms in trans‐position. The octahedra are linked to dimers by a common edge of iodine atoms and to double chains by the apical oxygen atoms. A non‐centrosymmetric structure results because the short Nb–O distances point to the same direction and the polar double chains are parallel. The crystal structure of NbOBr3 (NbOCl3‐type, $P{\bar 4}{\rm 2_{1}}m$, a = 11.635(6) Å, c = 3.953(2) Å, R1(F) = 0.082, wR2(F2) = 0.174) shows the same polar double chains but the dimeric units Nb2Br6O2 are orthogonal.
Eight‐ and Twelve‐membered Cyclosilazoxanes: Structural Investigation of Two N‐Pentafluorophenyl‐substituted Si4N3O and Si6N2O4 Rings
Authors: Blaurock Steffen , Edelmann Frank T. , Fischer Axel , Haiduc Ionel
Published: November 2007

The molecular structures of two N‐pentafluorophenylcyclosilazoxanes have been investigated. X‐Ray crystal structure determinations of (C6F5)3Me8Si4N3O (2) and (C6F5)2Me12Si6N2O4 (3) revealed the first structurally authenticated examples of eight‐membered Si4N3O and twelve‐membered Si6N2O4 ring systems.
Iatrogenic reflux oesophagitis
Authors: Shepperd H. W. H.
Published: November 2007

A report on two patients with severe reflux oesophagitis caused by Emepromium Bromide (‘CETIRPIN’) prescribed for the treatment of urinary symptoms.

Emepronium Bromide is a quaternary ammonium anticholinergic drug, which blocks the peripheral cholinergic nerves and ganglionic transmission. In man it increase bladder capacity, delays the first desire to void and decreases voiding pressure.

In the last eighteen months two patients have been referred with severe pain on swallowing. The pain was localized behind the sternum and reached down to the epigastrium. On both occasions the symptoms came on rapidly a few days after the treatment was begun. Both patients were on a standard dose of 200 mgs. three times daily. The first patient had had some minor reflux with her last pregnancy thirteen years previously, but otherwise no symptoms suggestive of reflux. The second patient had never has any symptoms suggestive of oesophageal reflux. In both patients a major feature was the severity of their pain.
Laryngeal lupus erythematosus
Authors: Smith Geoffrey A. , Ward Paul H. , Berci George
Published: November 2007

Two cases with laryngeal manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus presented demonstrate the value of serial indirect laryngeal photography and results of treatment for the mucosal and serosal effects of the disease.

Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune collagen vascular disease which produces widespread damage to connective tissue, blood vessels, serosal surfaces and mucous membranes (Rodman et ah, 1973). It is no surprise that with such a widespread disorder the upper airways too may show involvement.Estimates of the number of patients with laryngeal involvement have ranged from one percent by Dubois (1966) to one-third of patients by other authors (Babich and Tranaov, 1970; Minchinaet al., 1971).

Systemic lupus erythematosus may cause laryngeal symptoms referrable to an active mucosal, submucosal or serosal process. With acute flares of the disease, mucosal ulceration, edema, and submucosal hematomas may result in hoarseness and throat pain (Scarpelliet al., 1959). One case of epiglottitis caused by increased mucosal swelling has been reported (Toomeyet al., 1974). As the disease progresses, late effects of mucosal disease including corditis, mucosal thickening, laryngeal scarring with stenosis and laryngitis with dry, thickened vocal cords may appear (Babich and Tramaov, 1970; Smith and Ferguson, 1976). With serosal involvement, the patient may demonstrate perichrondritis, cricoarytenoid arthritis or actual vocal cord paralysis (Dubois, 1966; Montgomery and Lofgren, 1963).

Histopathologic study of involved mucosa along with cultures of the tissue is not diagnostic of systemic lupus erythematosus but can help to rule out other disorders similar in appearance such as tuberculosis and rhinoscleroma. Klebsiella rhinoscleromata infections particularly can cause a similar early inflammatory mucosal and late scarred picture.

Microscopic sections of mucosa from a patient who died of laryngeal edema secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus appeared similar to mucosa from a patient with subglottic stenosis (Smith and Ferguson, 1976) with an infiltration of histiocytes, lymphocytes, plasma and mast cells.

The following two cases demonstrate the differences in the course of serosal and mucosal airways disease.
Effects of tympanic neurectomy on experimentally induced parotid fistulae
Authors: Hashash M. , state F. , Dessouky H. I.
Published: November 2007

The present work was designed to determine whether or not tympanic neurectomy alone could cure parotid fistulae. In six adult dogs parotid fistulae were induced and the tympanic nerve was transected on the right, while the nerve on the left side was left intact as a control. Complete healing of the fistulae on the right side was noticed, while those on the left side persisted. The findings and their significance are discussed.
Vestibular test results related to stimulation intensity
Authors: Norré M. E.
Published: November 2007

The application of several stimulation intensities in vestibular testing leads us to some new considerations about the interpretation of vestibular test results. Indeed, in the ordinary testing procedures, only one stimulation intensity is used. The results thus obtained are considered to reflect the functional capacity of the system examined and are taken to be absolute. However, when we apply different intensities, we can see that in not a negligible number of cases, the results are very different and are related to the intensity applied. On the one hand, this provides some interesting supplementary information about vestibular function which can be expressed in the notions of ‘recruitment’ and ‘decruitment’, or rather of ‘labile’ and ‘stable’ function. On the other hand, as we only use one stimulation intensity in our ordinary tests, we have to be very cautious and to consider their results always in relation to the applied stimulus. We should always remember that, in some cases, the results might be different if we were to apply a different intensity. This is also very important when we compare the results of different authors, using different stimulation techniques.
The postero-lateral cervical flap
Authors: Shaheen O. H.
Published: November 2007

The role regional flaps in the repair of oral defects is discussed and the flaps most commonly used described. An undelayed postero-lateral flap offers a useful alternative for the repair of ral defects.
Chloroquine ototoxicity—a reversible phenomenon?
Authors: Mukherjee D. K.
Published: November 2007

A BRIEF review of cranio-facial fibro-osseous lesions is given and 15 cases of fibrous dysplasia and ossifying fibroma are presented with clinical, radiological and histomorphological findings. After histological verification of the fibro-osseous nature of the process, 5 lesions were diagnosed on a radiological basis as fibrous dysplasia exhibiting diffuse (blending) margins, while the diagnosis of ossifying fibroma was given to 10 radiologically sharply-demarcated lesions. Both groups of lesions presented the same histomorphological features, although to a varying degree. Spheroidal calcifications, however, were identified in ossifying fibroma only, but not in all of these. Thus, the differential diagnosis of fibrous dysplasia versus ossifying fibroma rests on a radiological criterion after the histopathologist has verified the fibro-osseous nature of a lesion. The observation times varied from 1 ½ to 34 years. Two cases of fibrous dysplasia and 3 cases of ossifying fibroma recurred. In one case of fibrous dysplasia an osteosarcoma developed 33 years after irradiation. Pain was a, common symptom in the present material.
Hearing loss due to noise trauma
Authors: Chung David Y. , Gannon R. Patrick
Published: November 2007

Three different types of noise-induced hearing loss have been reported in the literature. The two less common types are described here. Three cases of thesetwo types from our clinic are reported. Since these 2 types of noise-induced hearing loss often involve low frequencies it is important to recognize them in compensation cases.
Juvenile nervus intermedius otalgia
Authors: Sharan R. , Isser D. K. , Narayan H. P.
Published: November 2007

AN unusual case of otalgia with severe, piercing, almost constant, shock-like pain localized deep in the ear of a girl of 12 years is described. Clinical examination and investigations failed to demonstrate any organic pathology in the ear, nose, para-nasal sinuses, fauces, pharynx, larynx, teeth, jaws, temporomandibular joint, salivary glands, neck or posterior cranial fossa. Medical treatment and infiltration of local analgesics around the cutaneous nerves brought no relief. The pain was relieved temporarily by chorda tympani neurectomy and permanently by section of the nervus intermedius, thus leading to a diagnosis of nervus intermedius neuralgia.

Pain is a warning signal against potential or actual damage to tissue cells. The middle ear is one of those areas which is sensitive to pricking, scratching, cutting, pressure or extremes of heat and cold.

Earache is a very common complaint. Pain may be felt in the ear but the cause may lie elsewhere. Such patients with referred otalgia often present to the otologist; rarely, they present with otalgia of neuralgic quality, with piercing, shock-like pain, without any demonstrable or detectable cause in the distribution of the cranial nerves supplying the ear. One such condition is the otological type of geniculate neuralgia, in which the pain is centered within the ear and may radiate to the deeper structures of the face; the attack may be paroxysmal or continuous.

The following case of otalgia is reported because of its rarity, its juvenile age of onset, and the problem posed in treatment. The patient was relieved only by surgical treatment.
A double-blind comparative study of Trimethoprim-Polymyxin B versus Trimethoprim-Sulfacetamide-Polymyxin B otic solutions in the treatment of otorrhea
Authors: Gydé Maurice C.
Published: November 2007

This was a double-blind randomized study to compare the safety and efficacy of timethoprim-polymyxin B (TP) and trimethoprim-sulfacetamide-polymyxin B (TSP) drops in the treatment of otorrhea. The 68 cases treated suffered from external otitis, recurrent otitis, recurrent otitis media with tympanic membrance perforation, or infected mastoid cavities and post-operative tympanoplasties. The TP ototopical solution was successful in 60·6 per cent of cases compared to 88·6 per cent of cases with TSP. These rates were statistically different using the Chi Square with Yates' correction method.

There were no sings of ototoxicity, fungal infection overgrowth or local sensitivity to either of the solutions.

The study has shown that both drugs are equally safe and that TSP is significantly more effective in the treatment of otorrhea.
Middle-ear analysis in the nose/ear distress syndrome
Authors: McNicoll W. D. , Navy Royal
Published: November 2007

The Nose/Ear Distress Syndrome is defined as ‘the combination of nasal septal deformity and eustachian dysfunction in the absence of any other pathology’ (McNicoll and Scanlan, 1979).

One hundred and two recruits to the Submarine, Diving and Aircrew branches of the Royal Navy, who at initial assessment had been found to have an intact, immobile tympanic membrane, when the Valsalva, Toynbee or Politzer manoeuvers were performed, were referred to the ORL Department, Royal Navy Hospital, Haslar, for further assessment as to their ability to serve in environments of primarily increased ambient pressure.

Forty-two qualified members of the Submarine and Diving Branches acted as controls, and they were known to have positive eustachian function, and also clinically mobile tympanic membranes on performance of the Valsalva manoeuvre.

Both groups underwent middle-ear analysis, using a Grason Stadler 1723 Middle-Ear Analyser, which has an additional facility for testing eustachian tube function.

Those subjects not in the control group were subjected to an increase in ambient pressure in the compression chamber at HMS Dolphin. The ability to equilibrate an increase in ambient pressure of 10 meters of water was regarded as the ultimate criterion of positive eustachian function, those who were unable to do this were diagnosed as suffering from the Nose/Ear Distress Syndrome.
Chondrosarcoma of the nasal septum
Authors: Bailey C. M.
Published: November 2007

The case history is presented of a patient with a massive chondrosarcoma arising from the posterior part of the nasal septum, extending into the base of the skull to involve the right middle cranial fossa. Removal of the main bulk of the tumour was accomplished by means of a cranio-facial resection, and it is hoped that useful palliation has thus been achieved.

The literature relating to this rare tumour is reviewed: only seven cases have been previously described in which the tumour is believed to have arisen from the nasal septum. It is generally accepted that chondrosarcomas are radio-insensitive, and that surgical excision is the only effective form of treatment.
The screening and epidemiology of middle-ear disease in a population of primary school entrants
Authors: Hallett Christopher P.
Published: November 2007

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that the epidemiology of middle-ear pathology in primary school entrants is such that any screening procedue based upon a ‘once and for all’ test on a single cohort of children is unlikely to identify those children most in need of intervention and likely to lead to unnecessary over referrals both to a Community Audiology Clinic or a Specialist Unit. Further evidence is produced to show the value of serial tympanometry as a screening tool generally and the use of the tympanometer 85AR specifically. Agreement is also measured between three variables in middle-ear pathology, namely clinical appearance and mobility of the tympanic memebrane and the associated Tympanogram Type. The relative merits of clinical examination as a screen are discussed. A population of children from three primary school was studies on four separate occasions during 1980. 553 five-year-old children were tested overall.
Oncocytomas of the salivary glands
Authors: Hastrup Nina , Bretlau Poul , Krogdahl Annelise , Melchiors Henrik
Published: November 2007

Two cases of oncocytoma of the parotid gland are presented, one of which was dominantly cystic and had recurred after 21 years. The light and electron microscopic pictures are presented. The literature has been reviewed, and 131 cases were found in salivary glands; hence, oncocytomas in this location are rare. In older persons, they are found predominantly in the parotid gland, but have also been reported in the minor salivary glands. It is pointed out that electron microscopy or histochemical examination is indispensable for the demonstration of mitochondrial hyperplasia.
Congenital syphilitic deafness—a further review
Authors: Adams D. A. , Kerr A. G. , Smyth G. D. L. , Cinnamond M. J.
Published: November 2007

Initial optimism about the successful outcome of treatment of congenital syphilitic deafness with ampicillin and steroids has always been tempered with an awareness of the uncertain long-term results. This paper is a review of 16 patients treated with various combinations of ampicillin and steroid; these have been followed up for periods of five to 14 years. Ampicillin alone does not prevent progressive hearing loss in the majority of patients. Ampicillin combined with prednisone, or with prednisone and ACTH, has preserved the hearing in all but two ears which had useful hearing before treatment The fact that the hearing in many of these ears, although maintained continues to fluctuate still gives cause for concern.
Severe childhood deafness in Glasgow, 1965–1979
Authors: Flint Ewen F.
Published: November 2007

A survey was conducted of deaf children in the Glasgow area diagnosed between 1965 and 1979 to assess the relative incidences of the known aetiological factors. This took the form of a review of case records supplemented by the use of questionnaires. The results showed small variations from earlier published figures but were broadly similar. The effectiveness of rubella and anti-Rhesus immunization were also evaluated. It was found that more than half of all cases of profound deafness in childhood are acquired rather than inherited and are therefore potentially preventable
Ectopic meningioma of the maxillary sinus
Authors: Manni J. J.
Published: November 2007

This paper presents a rare case of meningioma arising in the right maxillary sinus of a 23-year-old Tanzanian male. It appeared as a painless swelling of the right side of the face. The diagnosis was made after histologic examination of the specimen removed by lateral rhinotomy.
Flunarizine in the treatment of vertigo
Authors: Wouters L. , Amery W. , Towse G.
Published: November 2007

Experience with flunarizine, a selective calcium-entry blocker, in the treatment of dizziness is reviewed. Clinical efficacy was predicted in pharmacological studies both in rabbits and humans: torsion swing or caloric induced nystagmus were significantly suppressed by flunarizine. Open therapeutic findings, using clinical and electronystagmographic or audiographic assessments as well, showed that flunarizine is of benefit to patients with vertigo of labyrinthine as well as of cerebrovascular origin. These results were confirmed in double-blind controlled trials. Flunarizine, either started with a loading dose gradually decreased thereafter, or given at a fixed 10 mg. dose schedule was proven to produce rapid improvement of dizziness and unsteadiness and to be tolerated very well.
Post-irradiation sarcoma of the lower lip
Authors: Rennie J. S. , McLay A. , Tanner N. S. B.
Published: November 2007

This report records the occurrence of an irradiation induced fibrosarcoma of the lower lip which appears to be the first case documented in this site. The problems associated with the histopathological diagnosis of such lesions are discussed and the value of electonmicroscopical examination of spindle cell sarcomas stressed.
Phonocephalography: a simple, low-cost non-invasive diagnostic technique
Authors: Tewfik Sayed
Published: November 2007

This article presents the phonocephalographic data reported in one case of glomus jugulare tumour, representing local haemodynamic disturbances; and one case with an aortic lesion with pulsating tinnitus, representing systemic haemodynamic disturbances.
Prominent ears: A follow-up study
Authors: Nielsen Frede , Kristensen Søren , Crawford Michael
Published: November 2007

Following a minimum observation time of 14 months, 74 patients having undergone surgical correction of prominent ears were re-examined. The applied surgical technique was modified from Stenström and Warrer utilizing the scoring technique and subcutaneous matters chrome catgut sutures for fixation. Satisfactory results were achieved in more than 95 percent of the patients. When assesed by both the patient and the surgeon. Only few complications were revealed
Telephone use by a multi-channel cochlear implant patient
Authors: Brown A. M. , Clark G. M. , Dowell R. C. , Martin L. F. A. , Seligman P. M.
Published: November 2007

A totally deaf with a multiple-channel cochler prosthesis obtained open-set speech discrimation using the telephone. CID Everyday Sentences were presented by telephone to the patient. Who repeated an average of 21 percent when a repeat of the sentences was permitted. This result is consistent with the patient's reports of telephone usage.
Skin grafting of the anterior stomach wall following pharyngo-gastric anastomosis
Authors: Howard D. J. , Lund Valerie J.
Published: November 2007

A simple fast reliable technique for closure of an anterior neck defect is described. The technique involves skin grafting directly onto the serosal layer of the anterior stomach wall following pharyngo-laryngo-oesphagectomy and pharyno-gastric anastomosis.