bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GABARAP suppresses EMT and breast cancer progression via the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Liu Ying , Wang Dandan , Lei Mengxia , Gao Jiayi , Cui Yuqing , Jin Xiaoying , Yu Qiujie , Jiang Ying , Guo Yan , Liu Yali , Chen Xuesong , Cai Li
Published: May 2020

Background
γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor-associated protein (GABARAP) is rarely studied in tumor progression. Here, the authors investigated the expression and significance of GABARAP in breast cancer.
Method:
A large group of clinical samples was assessed to detect GABARAP expression and its associations with clinicopathological features and prognosis. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments in cell lines and mouse xenograft models were performed to elucidate the function and underlying mechanisms of GABARAP-regulated tumor progression.
Results
We analyzed GABARAP levels in clinical breast cancer samples and cell lines and confirmed that GABARAP was negatively correlated with advanced clinicopathologic features, such as tumor size (P = 0.025) and TNM stage (P = 0.001). Importantly, patients with low GABARAP levels had a poor prognosis (p = 0.0047). Functionally, our data revealed that GABARAP can inhibit proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, low levels of GABARAP induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), one of the most important mechanisms for the promotion of tumor metastasis, in breast cancer cells. Mechanistically, low levels of GABARAP increased the levels of p-AKT (S473) and p-mTOR (S2448), and a specific AKT pathway inhibitor reversed the downregulation of GABARAP-induced tumor progression. In clinical breast cancer specimens, immunohistochemistry (IHC) revealed that the distribution and intensity of GABARAP expression were negatively correlated with those of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2 (P = 0.0013) and MMP14 (P = 0.019).
Conclusions
Collectively, these data indicated that GABARAP suppressed the malignant behaviors of breast cancer cells, illuminating that the possible mechanism acts via the AkT/mTOR pathway. Targeting GABARAP may provide a potential diagnosis and treatment strategy for breast cancer.
Assessment of multiple anaerobic co-digestions and related microbial community of molasses with rice alcohol wastewater
Authors: Khan Sohail , Lu Fuzhi , Jiang Qiong , Jiang Chengjian , Kashif Muhammad , Shen Peihong
Published: May 2020

Background
Molasses is a highly dense and refined byproduct produced in the sugarcane industry, and it contains high amounts of degradable compounds. These compounds can potentially be converted into renewable products biologically. However, the involved biological process is negatively influenced by the high chemical oxygen demand (COD) of molasses and its high ion concentration, although this problem is commonly addressed by dilutions.
Results
The co-digestion of molasses with rice alcohol waste water (RAW) was compared with its mono-digestion at an increasing organic loading rate (OLR). Both processes were assessed by detecting the COD removal rate, the methane contents of biogas, and the structure and composition of microbial communities at different stages. Results showed that the co-digestion is stable up to a maximum OLR of 16 g COD L− 1d− 1. By contrast, after the acclimatization phase, the mono-digestion process was upset twice, which occurred at a maximum OLR of 9 and 10 g COD L− 1d− 1. The co-digestion procgess demonstrated consistency in terms of COD removal rates (86.36% ± 0.99–90.72% ± 0.63%) and methane contents (58.10% ± 1.12–64.47% ± 0.59%) compared with the mono-digestion process. Microbial community analysis showed that the relative abundance of bacterial and archaeal communities differs between the processes at different stages. However, in both processes, Propionibacteriaceae was the most abundant family in the bacterial communities, whereas Methanosaetaceae was abundant in the archaeal communities.
Conclusion
Rice alcohol wastewater could be a good co-substrate for anaerobic digestion of molasses. Integrate molasses into progressive biogas production at high OLR.
Effects of superheated steam processing on common buckwheat grains: Lipase inactivation and its association with lipidomics profile during storage
Authors: Wang Lijuan , Wang Libo , Qiu Ju , Li Zaigui
Published: May 2020

Background: Buckwheat deteriorates easily during storage, resulting loss of nutrients, rancidity flavor and poor consumer acceptability. Superheated steam (SS) was used to inactivate lipase of common buckwheat grains in this study, in order to retard lipid hydrolytic rancidity and maintain lipid nutrition of common buckwheat.Methods: Buckwheat grains were treated with SS at 110-200°C, for 0-7 min and SS treatment parameters were optimized by moisture content and lipase activity. The changes in free fatty acid (FFA) and lipase activity of SS-treated and untreated buckwheat during 12 weeks storage at 4°C, 25°C and 50°C were determined. Meanwhile, the effects of SS treatment on fatty acid compositions and lipidomics profile of buckwheat before and after storage were also evaluated. Moreover, the associations of hydrolytic rancidity with lipase activity and lipidomics profile were analyzed.Results: SS processing at 170 °C for 5 min was proved to be an effective method for buckwheat stabilization. Better stabilities based on lower FFA accumulation and lipase activity were observed in SS-treated buckwheat samples during storage. Meanwhile, SS could suppress oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) in buckwheat, significantly retard the increase of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and the decrease of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) during storage. Moreover, the lipidomics profile results indicated that SS processing could retard the increased hydrolysis and oxidation of sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol (SQDG), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylserine (PS) and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) during storage.Conclusion: Thus, SS processing could effectively inactivate lipase, suppress UFA oxidation, change glycerolipids (GLs) and glycerophospholipids (GPs) subclass metabolism, and consequently retard hydrolytic rancidity and lipid nutrition loss of buckwheat during storage. This work was first time to demonstrate the application of SS processing for the effective quality control of buckwheat during storage.
Acute Polyradiculoneuritis with Locked-in Syndrome in a Patient with Covid-19﻿﻿
Authors: Pfefferkorn Thomas , Dabitz Rainer , Wernitz-Keibel Thomas von , Aufenanger Johannes , Nowak-Machen Martina , Janssen Hendrik
Published: May 2020

In this case report we present a patient from Germany who developed a severe GBS in the course of Covid-19.
Loss of correction in cubitus varus deformity after osteotomy
Authors: You Chao , Zhou Yibiao , Han Jingming
Published: May 2020

Purpose Cubitus varus deformity in the pediatric population is an infrequent but clinically important disease to orthopedic surgeons. Since these patient populations are different in many respects, we sought out to investigate the rates of loss of correction over time as well as the factors associated with loss of correction in pediatric patients undergoing osteotomy for treatment of cubitus varus deformity. Methods Between 2008-7 and 2017-7, we treated 30 cases of cubital varus had underwent the the osteotomy. We compared preoperative and postoperative clinical and imaging parameters (H-cobb angle,Baumman angle) for all patients. Postoperative evaluation was performed by telephone interview.Results In our study,there were 30 patients,included 17 males and 13 females.the mean age was 75 months old.In the first follow-up,Approximately 80 % of patients had a loss of correction of H-cobb，and 83% of patients at the second follow-up. The Baumann angle also had a loss of correction,about 57% was lost at the first follow-up,and 43% was lost at the second follow-up. The average interval between the first follow-up and the second follow-up was 24 days ，The H-cobb angle mean loss was 2.4°.There was a statistically significant difference between the H-cobb angle measured before surgery and the angle measured after surgery (p <0.05). There were significant differences between the two angles. There was no statistically significant difference between the H-cobb angle measured at the third postoperative period and the contralateral healthy elbow H-cobb angle. There was a statistically significant difference between the Baumann angle measured before surgery and the angle measured after surgery (p <0.05). The Baumann angle measured in the second and third postoperative periods was significantly different from that of the contralateral healthy elbow joint. According to the survival curve analysis, we can see that the median survival time of the H-cobb angle and the Baumann angle is 27 and 34 months. Conclusions The postoperative angle loss will last for a period of time, which mainly occurs during the first and second follow-up period . Therefore, it is important to pay attention to the follow-up of the patient for a period of time after the operation, and take measures to avoid rapid angle loss. Angle loss was significantly reduced after the third follow-up. Further study is needed on this subgroup of patients with cubitus varus given the differences in strategies needed to correct and maintain their deformity correction.
Mechanical Wear Analysis Helps Understand a Mechanism of Failure in Retrieved Magnetically Controlled Growing Rods: A Retrieval Study
Authors: Wei Jack Z. , Hothi Harry S. , Morganti Holly , Bergiers Sean , Gal Elisabetta Dal , Likcani Doris , Henckel Johann , Hart Alister J.
Published: May 2020

Purpose: To assess the relationship between mechanical wear and the failure of the internal lengthening mechanism in retrieved MAGnetic Expansion Control (MAGEC) growing rods. Methods: This study included 34 MAGEC rods retrieved from 20 patients. The state of the internal mechanism and mechanical wear were assessed in all the rods using plain radiographs and visual inspection. Metrology was then performed to assess the topography and mechanical wear of the telescopic bars, using a Talyrond 365 (Taylor Hobson, Leicester, UK) roundness measuring machine. Results: Plain radiographs showed evidence of a broken internal mechanism in 29% of retrieved rods. Single-side wear marks were found in 97% of retrieved rods. Material loss was found to significantly increase in rods with a damaged internal mechanism (p<0.05) and rods with longer time in situ (r=0.692, p<0.05). Conclusion: We found an association between damage to the internal mechanism of the rods and (1) patterns of single-side longitudinal wear marks and (2) increased material loss. As the material loss was also found to increase over time of rod in situ, we emphasise the importance of early detection and revision of failed MAGEC rods in clinical practice.
Video-Based Interviewing in Medicine: Protocol for a Scoping Review
Authors: Selvam Rajajee , Hu Richard , Musselman Reilly , Raiche Isabelle , Moloo Husein
Published: May 2020

Background: Careers in healthcare involve an extensive interview process as transitions are made from one level of training to the next. For physicians, interviews mark the gateway from entrance into medical school, acceptance into residency, fellowships, and subsequent job opportunities. Previous literature outlining the costs associated with face-to-face interviews and concerns regarding the climate crisis has triggered an interest in video-based interviews. Barriers to transitioning away from in person interviews include concerns regarding lack of rapport between applicants and interviewers, and applicants being less able to represent themselves. In a new era ushered in by COVID where many of us have utilized virtual meetings more than any prior time both personally and for work, we wanted to consolidate the current literature on the use of video-based interviews in healthcare and summarize the findings. Methods: A scoping review will be conducted to explore the benefits and limitations of video-based interviews for both applicants and interviewers within healthcare fields, as well as the perceived barriers associated with transitioning away from face-to-face interviews. The scoping review methodology outlined by Arksey and O’Malley will be implemented. The search strategy developed by the authors in collaboration with an academic health sciences librarian will be conducted across four electronic databases (Embase, Medline, Cochrane Central, and PsycInfo) and supplemented by review of the grey literature and reference lists of included studies. The study selection process will be documented using the PRISMA flow diagram, and reasons for exclusion following full text review will be recorded. The extracted data will be analyzed using quantitative and qualitative analysis. Discussion: Despite previous literature on the costs associated with face-to-face interviews, there has been hesitancy with transitioning to video-based interviews due to concerns of lack of rapport between applicants and interviewers, and applicants being less able to represent themselves. While these limitations have been explored in previous studies, a succinct review of the current literature to guide effective restructuring of the interview process is lacking. With our scoping review, we hope to fill this gap in the literature to better understand barriers to transitioning from face-to-face interviews and directions for future research.
Study on oscillation modes of weld pool in stationary GTA welding using structure laser method
Authors: Wu Xingpei , Huang Jiankang , He Jing , Liu Shien , Liu Guangyin , Fan Ding
Published: May 2020

To study the oscillation mode of GTA weld pool, the oscillation mode of weld pool was analyzed based on Bessel equation, and the laser dot matrix images of (0, 1), (1, 1), (2, 1), (0, 2) oscillation modes at different times are obtained by structured laser optical measurement simulation. The oscillation mode of stationary GTA weld pool was analyzed based on the laser dot matrix images obtained by structure laser experiment. The result shows the simulated laser dot matrix images matches up to the experiment result. The oscillation mode of the weld pool can be recognized based on laser dot matrix image. This study can not only provide conditions for judging the penetrating state of weld pool, but also help to further understand the oscillation mode of the weld pool and develop more effective observation methods and measurement tools, so as to effectively control and improve the welding quality.
Active-site Molecular docking of Nigellidine to nucleocapsid/Nsp2/Nsp3/MPro of COVID-19 and to human IL1R and TNFR1/2 may stop viral-growth/cytokine-flood, and the drug source Nigella sativa (black cumin) seeds show potent antioxidant role in experimental rats.
Authors: Maiti Smarajit , Banerjee Amrita , Nazmeen Aarifa , Kanwar Mehak , Das Shilpa
Published: May 2020

The recent outbreak of SARS CoV-2 has changed the global scenario of human lives and economy. In this pandemic-outbreak the ratio of infected person is much higher than the death encountered. Most of the dead patients were observed with dysfunction/failure of cardiac and renal systems. Beside this a ‘cytokine storm’ namely TNF-α/IL1 receptors i.e. TNFR1/TNFR2/IL1R over-functioning was reported in the infected-persons. Here, nigellidine, an indazole-alkaloid and key-component of Nigella Sativa L. (NS); black-cumin-seed, has been analyzed for COVID-19 different protein and TNFα receptors TNFR1/TNFR2 and IL1R inhibition through molecular-docking study and biochemical-study of cumin-seed extract exposure to experimental-rat. The NMR, X-ray-crystallographic or Electron-microscopic structures of COVID-19 Main-protease(6LU7), Spike-glycoprotein(6vsb), NSP2(QHD43415_2), N-terminus-protenase (QHD43415_3), Nucleocapsid(QHD43423) and Human IL1R (1itb), TNFR1 (1ncf), TNFR2 (3alq) from PDB were retrieved/analyzed for receptor-ligand interaction in normal condition. Then those structures were docked with nigellidine using Autodock-software and Patchdock-server. Where nigellidine showed highest binding-energy of -7.61 (kcal/mol) and ligand-efficiency value of (-0.35) forming bonds with amino acids THR943/LYS945/MET1556/ALA1557/PRO1558/ILE1559. Highest ACE-value of -356.72 was also observed for nigellidine N-terminal-protease interaction. Nigellidine also showed strong interaction with NSP2 (-6.28) and Mpro/3CLpro_Q (-6.38s). Nigellidine showed affinity to TNFR1 (-6.81), IL1R (-6.23) and TNFR2 (-5.16). In rat experiment 2-groups (vehicle and NS treated) of female Wistar-rats were taken for experiments. The NS treated tissue showed marked decline in ALP/SGPT/ SGOT/MDA level then the basal-levels. From the Western-blot or activity analysis it was observed that Nigellidine, the sulfuryl-group containing drug showed no impact on Phenol-catalyzing ASTIV or Steroid-catalyzing EST expressions/activities and thus have no influence in sulfation-mediated adverse metabolic-processes. Current-results concluded that Nigellidine has hepato/reno-protective; immunomodulatory/anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities as well as it inhibits important proteins of COVID-19. With steps to further validation/checking nigellidine can be used in COVID-19 infection.
A Deep Learning Framework for Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Detection in X-Ray Images
Authors: Ozcan Tayyip
Published: May 2020

Coronavirus, a large family of viruses, causes illness in both humans and animals. The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) came up in Wuhan in December 2019. This deadly COVID-19 pandemic has become very fast-spreading and currently present in several countries worldwide. The timely detection of patients who have COVID-19 is vitally important. To this end, scientists are working on different detection methods.In this paper, a grid search (GS) and pre-trained model aided convolutional neural network (CNN) model is proposed to detect COVID-19 in X-Ray images. In the proposed method, the GS method is employed to optimize the hyperparameters of CNN, which directly affects classification performance. Three pre-trained CNN models (GoogleNet, ResNet18 and ResNet50), which can be used for classification, feature extraction and transfer learning purposes were used for transfer learning in this study. The proposed method was trained using the training and validation subdatasets of the collected dataset and detail evaluations are presented according to different performance metrics. According to the experimental studies, the best results were obtained with the GS and ResNet50 aided model.
Multi-omics-data-assisted genomic feature preselection improves the accuracy of genomic prediction
Authors: Ye Shaopan , Li Jiaqi , Zhang Zhe
Published: May 2020

Background: Presently, multi-omics data (e.g., genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) are available for genomic prediction. Omics data not only offer new data layers for genomic prediction but also provide a bridge between organismal phenotypes and genome variation that cannot be readily captured at the genome sequence level. Therefore, using multi-omics data to select feature markers is a feasible strategy to improve the accuracy of genomic prediction. In this study, simultaneously using whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and gene expression level data, four strategies for single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) preselection were investigated for genomic predictions in the Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel.Results: Using genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP) with complete WGS data, the prediction accuracy values were 0.208±0.020 (0.181±0.022) for the startle response and 0.272±0.017 (0.307±0.015) for starvation resistance in the female (male) lines. Compared with GBLUP using complete WGS data, both GBLUP and the genomic feature BLUP (GFBLUP) did not improve the prediction accuracy using SNPs preselected from the complete WGS data based on the results of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) or transcriptome-wide association studies (TWASs). Furthermore, by using SNPs preselected from the WGS data based on the results of the expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) mapping of all genes, only the startle response had greater accuracy than GBLUP with the complete WGS data. The best accuracy values in the female and male lines were 0.243±0.020 and 0.220±0.022, respectively. Importantly, by using SNPs preselected based on the results of the eQTL mapping of significant genes from TWAS, both GBLUP and GFBLUP resulted in a greater accuracy and smaller bias of genomic prediction. For the startle response, the best accuracy values were 0.258±0.019 (0.237±0.019) for GBLUP and 0.265±0.018 (0.245±0.020) for GFBLUP in the female (male) lines. For starvation resistance, the best accuracy values were 0.437±0.015 (0.427±0.015) for GBLUP and 0.419±0.016 (0.390±0.014) for GFBLUP in female (male) lines. Compared to the GBLUP with complete WGS data, the best accuracy values represented increases of 60.66% and 39.09% for the startle response and 27.40% and 35.36% for starvation resistance in the female and male lines, respectively. Conclusions: Overall, multi-omics data can assist genomic feature preselection and improve the performance of genomic prediction. The new knowledge gained from this study will enrich the use of multi-omics in genomic prediction.
A PUBLICIDADE NA ADVOCACIA EM FACE DO NOVO CÓDIGO DE ÉTICA E DISCIPLINA DA OAB
Authors: PEDAES Kaique Souza
Published: May 2020

O principal objetivo deste trabalho é desvendar a natureza da publicidade na advocacia e analisar formas permitidas e vedadas de se realizar publicidade, em consonância com o novo Código de Ética e Disciplina da OAB, em vigor desde setembro de 2016, e conforme a jurisprudência do Tribunal de Ética e Disciplina da OAB/SP. Para tanto, utilizou-se das pesquisas bibliográfica e documental, de modo que foi possível apresentar, dentre diversos temas, a distinção entre publicidade e propaganda, além de analisar os motivos éticos da proibição do uso de certos veículos de difusão de informações, como cinema, rádio e televisão, em oposição ao que se vê em seriados norte-americanos, como Breaking Bad e Better Call Saul.
A BUSCA PELA LEGITMIDADE DA RELAÇÃO POLIAMOROSA COM BASE EM PRINCÍPIOS CONSTITUCIONAIS E A DISCUSSÃO SOBRE A VALIDADE DAS ESCRITURAS PÚBLICAS QUE AS DECLARAM
Authors: SILVA Bruna Terra Teodoro da , TOFFANO Marcelo
Published: May 2020

Com a promulgação da Carta Magna, houve a constitucionalização do Direito Privado. A partir desse marco, as normas do Direito de Família passaram a ser interpretadas a luz dos princípios constitucionais, fomentando o alargamento do conceito de família, que passou a ser associada como instrumento de realização pessoal; Tanto é   citou exemplificativamente novos arranjos familiares, quais sejam, a família monoparentel e a união estável.Com o reconhecimento da família homoafetiva pelo STF na ADPF132 e ADI 4277, constatou-se que o artigo 226 da C.F. tratava-se realmente de norma inclusiva, isto é, o Estado está incumbido de proteger qualquer entidade familiar que tenha como base o afeto. Por conseguinte, a família poliamorosa é legal e digna de tutela jurisdicional.
O BIG DATA COMO FATOR DE DESEQUILÍBRIO À LIVRE CONCORRÊNCIA
Authors: SANTOS Felipe Augusto dos , MORAES Ana Paula Bagaiolo
Published: May 2020

A massificação do acesso à Internet permitiu um maior fluxo de informações, configurando-se a economia digital, com destaque para intensa produção de dados, principalmente pessoais. Com a maior disponibilidade de dados, surgem as tecnologias e métodos aptos a operá-los. Nesse cenário advém o Big Data, produto da combinação de volume, velocidade e variedade na operação de dados, que possibilita a extração de valor de tais dados, constituindo um lucrativo mercado. Contudo, esse mercado do Big Data possui falhas, sendo necessária a intervenção estatal, por meio do Direito Concorrencial, para manter equilibrado o ambiente concorrencial.
A REGULAÇÃO ECONÔMICA DA MÍDIA: PARLAMENTARES PROPRIETÁRIOS DE EMISSORAS DE RÁDIO E TELEVISÃO, E O ARRENDAMENTO DA GRADE DE PROGRAMAÇÃO ÀS IGREJAS
Authors: ALMEIDA Maria Laura Felicio de , GOMES Fábio Cantizani
Published: May 2020

O principal objetivo desta pesquisa de iniciação científica é elucidar questões controvertidas em torno da regulação da mídia no Brasil. Ademais, o trabalho analisa os diversos problemas no setor da comunicação, com ênfase na prática ilegal de aluguel da grade de programação das emissoras de rádio e televisão às igrejas, para a veiculação de conteúdos religiosos/proselitistas, e na presença de parlamentares detentores de mandato eletivo donos ou sócios de emissoras concessionárias do serviço de radiodifusão. Através da pesquisa bibliográfica e, subsidiariamente, do levantamento de dados, percebeu-se que as leis responsáveis por disciplinar a comunicação social não impedem a formação de oligopólios e propriedade cruzada nem reduzem a influência de grupos políticos e religiosos dentro da mídia. Palavras-chave: Comunicação Social; Regulação da Mídia; Regime Democrático.
ESTATUTO DA IGUALDADE RACIAL: ANÁLISE HISTÓRICO -JURÍDICA
Authors: FREITAS Mauro Henrique Ewbank de , MARTOS Frederico Thales de Araújo
Published: May 2020

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo abordar os principais institutos que se correlaciona ao Estatuto da Igualdade Racial através de uma perspectiva histórica. Para tanto, se fez necessário tecer em breves linhas, alguns comentários acerca deste tema de importância ímpar para o Direito, mais especificamente examina a proteção judicial dos interesses individuais homogêneos, difusos e coletivos dos afrodescendentes e indígenas. Os princípios são necessários em todas as ciências e no estudo da igualdade racial não é diferente, principalmente face ao sistema complexo da relação inter-racial. A implementação do Estatuo de Igualdade Racial no Brasil é relativamente recente, e, desde o momento de seu surgimento causou grande impacto, vez que possibilitou maior observância ao princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana quase inexistente à época
A LEGALIDADE DA COBRANÇA DA TAXA DE FISCALIZAÇÃO DA AGÊNCIA NACIONAL DE TRANSPORTES TERRESTRES- ANTT
Authors: MORANDINI João Paulo Dias , GARCIA Silvio Marques
Published: May 2020

A Agência Nacional de Transportes Terrestres- ANTT, em 19 de novembro de 2015, regulamentou, por meio da Resolução ANTT n. 4.936, os procedimentos para pagamento da taxa de fiscalização do serviço de transporte rodoviário coletivo interestadual e internacional de passageiros, cuja matéria é tratada no o art. 77, caput, inciso III, e § 3º, alterados pela Lei n. 12.996/2014, da Lei n. 10.233, de 5 de junho de 2001. A regulamentação da taxa de fiscalização deu origem a inúmeras demandas judiciais no país, as quais têm por finalidade obter a inexigibilidade dos créditos originários da referida resolução, com fundamento na sua ilegalidade e na afronta aos princípios da razoabilidade e proporcionalidade. As alegações dos que buscam judicialmente afastar a taxa também encontram espeque na afronta aos princípios tributários da capacidade contributiva e da vedação ao confisco.
Foundation Document: uma solução para a elaboração de planos de manejo de unidades de conservação
Authors: Omena Michel Tadeu R. N. de , Sturmer Jorge Altair Pinto , Silva Paulo Santi Cardoso da , Hanazaki Natalia
Published: May 2020

Este artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre a elaboração dos planos de manejo em áreas naturais protegidas no Brasil. Avaliamos a adaptação do Modelo Foundation Document, método utilizado pelo serviço de parques estadunidenses para elaboração de planos de manejo. Este método foi testado experimentalmente pelo órgão gestor de Unidades de Conservação federais em duas áreas, o Parque Nacional de São Joaquim (Santa Catarina) e a Reserva Extrativista Marinha de Soure (Pará). As observações descritas neste artigo são fruto da participação na elaboração do Plano de Manejo do Parque Nacional de São Joaquim, no período de 2016 a 2018. A utilização do Método Foundation Document mostrou-se vantajosa em relação ao modelo tradicional de elaboração de planos quanto ao tempo de conclusão do documento, ao tamanho, ao prazo de validade, à facilidade de revisão e à participação da sociedade. Conclui-se que o Foundation Document diminui a burocracia e os custos de elaboração de Planos de Manejo e pode ser replicado em outras unidades de conservação.
Cenários de disponibilidade hídrica para concessão de outorga: estudo de caso da Bacia Vertentes do Rio Grande, Estados de Minas Gerais e São Paulo, Brasil
Authors: Moreira Heitor Soares , Moreira Kátia Soares , Sousa Paulo Eduardo de Oliveira , Oliveira Luiz Fernando Coutinho de
Published: May 2020

A Política Estadual de Recursos Hídricos visa a assegurar o controle, para usuários atuais e futuros, do uso da água e de sua utilização em quantidade, qualidade e regime satisfatórios. Como apenas parte das vazões mínimas de referência é outorgável, há a limitação do uso da água, principalmente nos períodos de maior disponibilidade hídrica, afetando diferentes usuários e suas atividades econômicas. Desta forma, há a necessidade de analisar a influência da sazonalidade das vazões nos critérios de outorga de uso da água. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar a regionalização de vazão sazonal, nas mais diversas vazões de referências, verificando a possibilidade do aumento na disponibilidade hídrica para os diferentes usuários da UPGRH-GD2. Para a realização do trabalho, foram utilizados os softwares SisCah 1.0 e SisCorv 1.0, selecionadas as estações fluviométricas da região que apresentavam dados relativos ao período de 1967 a 2002, além da análise da base de dados de outorga do Instituto Mineiro de Gestão das Águas (IGAM). Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que o uso dos critérios baseados no comportamento hídrico sazonal propicia flexibilização nas vazões outorgáveis no período chuvoso do ano, para as vazões de referência Q7,10, Q90% e Q95% e restrição no uso, no período de estiagem, para as vazões de referência Q90% e Q95%.
Compressive and Flexural Strengths of Concrete Containing Ground Palm Kernel Shells as Partial Replacement of Cement
Authors: Armah Esau Abekah , Koffi Hubert Azoda , Amuzu Josef K Ametefe
Published: May 2020

This study explore the possibility of using waste ground palm kernel (GPK) shells as partial replacement of cement in concrete using mechanical destructive method has been studied. The palm kernel shells were in two forms: the GPK ordinary shells and shells subjected to incomplete combustion (i.e. the GPK “fuel” shells). In the preparation of the concrete specimens the mix ratio was 1: 2: 4 (cement: sand: stone) by weight and the replacement percentage was 0%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% and 60% respectively.  Concrete specimen were molded in both cubic and cylindrical form and its impact on the mechanical properties such as workability, compressive strength and flexural strength using destructive test method were studied. The cubic specimen were tested at 7, 28 and 60 days whiles the cylindrical specimen were tested at 7 and 28 days. Results of physical and chemical analyses suggest that GPK “fuel” shells have acceptable cementitious properties whiles GPK ordinary shells does not. Generally, the compressive and flexural strengths of concrete containing GPK shells decrease as the replacement percentage increases. However, the values of these properties increase as the period of curing increases. The optimum level of GPK shells replacement is 20% for the ordinary shells and 30% for the “fuel” shells considering compressive strength at 28 days for the cubic samples. For the flexural strength on the cylindrical specimen, up to 60% replacement of cement by GPK shells cured for 28 days has acceptable flexural strength. In spite of the findings that the GPK ordinary shells do not have cementitious properties, the mechanical properties on such concretes can be used in low strength constructions as pavements, walk ways and non structural domestic work at a lower cost than using cement.
Trends of air transportation market development in Ukraine
Authors: Savych Oleksandr , Shkoda Tetiana
Published: May 2020

To identify the trends of air transportation market development in Ukraine during the period 2010–2018, the analysis of the riskiness of the external market environment of airlines being the major market actors and main factors, which influence the air transportation market development, were made in the paper using statistical methods and methods of probability theory. The working hypothesis was proved on corresponding the main trends of air transportation market development in Ukraine with the world ones and the very high riskiness of the external environment of the airlines. There is some local specifics of the air transportation market in Ukraine connected with the armed conflict at the East of the country, a significant impact of non-economic factors in some years, and implementation of international safety standards. The COVID-19 impact is considered only as a discussion question. The originality of the paper is in discussing the modern trends of air transportation market development in Ukraine in the context of considering the interaction “subject – poly-subject environment”. The airlines are considered as the subjects that interact with a market as an external poly-subject environment. The results of the research identified that the riskiness of the external market environment is at the critical level for the majority of the studied airlines that does not contribute to successful business activity in Ukraine. European and Ukrainian official authorities can use the obtained results during the development and implementation of the joined cooperation in the sphere of air transportation. Besides, in the context of COVID-19, the trends of imroving aviation safety and satisfying international standards are becoming increasingly important for airlines as well as for state authorities in developing the appropriate state policy.
Appraisal of the factors contributing to European small and medium enterprises innovation performance
Authors: Amponsah Odei Michael , Novak Petr
Published: May 2020

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play a vital role in driving job creation and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth in all economies worldwide. Their increasing importance also means that they must be innovative enough to survive and be sustainable, improve their productivity and competitiveness. It is pertinent for European SMEs to know the contributing factors driving their innovations, which will enable them to channel their limited resources to ensure they achieve their innovation goals. This paper examined the various factors that stimulate innovations within SMEs. Using the ordinary least squares regression analysis and data from the European Innovation Survey, the authors analyzed 296 European SMEs between 2011 and 2018. The results show that intellectual assets, financial support, firm investment, and human resources all significantly contribute to firm’s sales output across Europe. Conversely, it was found that financial support and innovation linkages were not significant predictors of firms’ innovations. The results are important for SMEs managers who are aiming to be innovative and improve their productivity. The study can serve as a practical guide on how SMEs can ameliorate their innovation potentials and activities. AcknowledgmentThe paper has been prepared with the support of the grant TBU No. IGA/FaME/2020/004 provided by the Internal Grant Agency of the Faculty of Management and Economics of Tomas Bata University in Zlín.
A RELAÇÃO PROFESSOR-ALUNO E A AFETIVIDADE NO ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS DO ENSINO MÉDIO: LEVANTAMENTO BIBLIOGRÁFICO DO CENÁRIO EDUCACIONAL BRASILEIRO
Authors: Carminatti Bruna , Del Pino José Claudio
Published: May 2020

Este estudo traz um levantamento bibliográfico a respeito do que tem sido publicado sobre “relação professor-aluno” e “afetividade” no Ensino de Ciências no Ensino Médio, no período de 2012 a 2016, com finalidade de endossar a importância desta pesquisa de doutorado, cujo objetivo é investigar como a relação professor-aluno e a afetividade podem contribuir para os processos de ensino e de aprendizagem em Ciências. Através da pesquisa bibliográfica realizaram-se buscas em plataformas on-line de produções científicas na área de Ciências, encontrando-se um número restrito de publicações no período, com as quais se realizou posterior análise de conteúdo. Portanto, é preciso discutir e pesquisar sobre o tema, amparando-se em referenciais teóricos como Vigostky (2001), Wallon (2007), Morales (2009), Tardif (2012), Chassot (2001), Coll (2003) e Arroyo (2013), considerando, também, as demais variáveis que permeiam o contexto escolar, consolidando formas de trazer a temática em questão ao debate.
ESCOLA TÉCNICA RURAL E AS DIMENSÕES DO TERRITÓRIO NA CONSTRUÇÃO DOS SABERES E DA IDENTIDADE
Authors: De Almeida Cristóvão Domingos , Alves Luiz Carlos de Santis , Roballo Emersom Ciochetta
Published: May 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é compreender as relações identitárias dos estudantes da escola estadual técnica Encruzilhada, a partir das convivências cotidianas, que interligam representações de identidades rurais e urbanas, com destaque nos costumes, hábitos e tradições do gaúcho fronteiriço. Com base nos conceitos de território e territorialidade, enquanto espaço de limites e possibilidades, articulam as relações sociais e podem ocorrer o domínio do Outro. A metodologia é de cunho qualitativo, com entrevistas semi-dirigidas e observação no ambiente escolar. Por sua vez, utiliza-se a Análise Textual Discursiva (MORAES, GALIAZZI, 2011) como forma de desconstruir, unitarizar e categorizar as vozes dos estudantes. Evidenciamos que o ambiente escolar rural influencia na construção de novas identidades, desse modo, ressaltamos três dimensões dessa automodificação: 1) vestuário; 2) linguagem e 3) projeto de vida. Conclui-se que a convivência dos estudantes em regime de internato na escola técnica ajuda a incorporar saberes, significados e costumes tradicionais, privilegiando às práticas e lidas gaudérias como forma de garantir poder e espaço no ambiente escolar.
Improving biogas production performance of dairy activated sludge via ultrasound disruption prior to microwave disintegration
Authors: Al Ramahi M. , Keszthelyi-Szabó G. , Beszédes S.
Published: May 2020

In this study, ultrasound disruption was employed to enhance the efficiency of microwave disintegration of dairy sludge. Results revealed that ultrasound specific energy input of 1,500 kJ/kg TS was found to be optimum with limited cell lysis at the end of the disruption phase. Biodegradability study suggested an enhancement in suspended solids reduction (16%) and biogas production (180 mL/gVS) in floc disrupted (deflocculated) samples when compared to sole microwave pretreatment (8.3% and 140 mL/gVS, respectively). Energy assessment to attain the 15% optimum solubilization revealed a positive net production of 26 kWh per kg sludge in deflocculated samples compared to 18 kWh in flocculated (sole microwave) samples. Thus, ultrasound disruption prior to microwave disintegration of dairy sludge was considered to be a feasible pretreatment technique.
The impact of an additional inlet point on the hot outlet side on the vortex tube productivity
Authors: Privalov L.Yu. , Mikhaylenko C.I.
Published: May 2020

Based on numerical simulation, the production of cold and hot air on a modified countercurrent vortex tube is studied. A feature of the modification under study is an additional air inlet area along the axis of the pipe from the hot outlet side. An additional point of blowing air is designed to redistribute the gas flows at the cold and hot outlets. Computational experiments were performed in the OpenFOAM software package using the sonicFoam solver based on the k−ε turbulence model under the assumption of an ideal gas. The dependence of the flow rate and temperature at the cold and hot outlets for different lengths of the main channel of the vortex tube was studied. For all considered pipe lengths, finite-volume grids were prepared in which the rectangular shape of the cells was preferably observed and their excessive stretching was avoided. To speed up the simulations, MPI technology was used; spatial decomposition of the original mesh was performed by decomposePar utility into equal parts along the pipe. This approach allowed us to reduce the computation time by approximately 3.5 times when running on six processes. The results of parallel modeling were combined with the reconstructPar utility and further processed by a Python program written using the vtk library. Thus, average values of the main physical characteristics by time and space at the cold and hot outlets were obtained. Results are discussed that demonstrate the effect of the vortex tube length on temperature and air flow at the respective outputs. The behavior of its main characteristics, non-standard for a vortex tube, is shown, an assumption is made about the reason for this behavior: the collision of very fast flows makes instability. Preliminary conclusions are made about choosing the effective length of the vortex tube with an additional air inlet channel at which the ratio of air temperature at the hot and cold outlets is the largest.
Efectos positivos del campo magnético en plantas cultivadas
Authors: Lasso-Rivas Nilsen
Published: May 2020

Esta revisión describe los efectos del campo magnético en el crecimiento y rendimiento de plantas cultivadas. El trabajo está basado en referencias obtenidas de las bases de datos Springer, Science Direct, Scielo, ResearchGate, EBSCO y Google Académico empleando como descriptores: tratamiento magnético, producción de cultivos, agua tratada magnéticamente y germinación de semillas. La introducción ofrece una breve descripción de las características del campo magnético de la tierra, sus unidades de medida y una justificación del interés en el estudio de los efectos del campo magnético en las plantas cultivadas; luego se discute el efecto de la exposición directa de las semillas de diferentes especies cultivas a campos magnéticos estáticos y/o alternos en relación con la germinación y diversos parámetros de crecimiento y rendimiento; también se explora el efecto positivo del tratamiento con campos magnéticos en la tolerancia de las plantas a los efectos negativos generados por el estrés abiótico. Finalmente se discuten los efectos del tratamiento con agua tratada magnéticamente. Se concluye que debido a la amplia variedad de efectos positivos que generan los tratamientos con campos magnéticos, los cuales van desde la mejora en la germinación de las semillas hasta la protección contra los efectos nocivos causados por algunos tipos de estrés abiótico, existe un gran potencial para que estos puedan ser implementados con el objetivo de mejorar el crecimiento y rendimiento de algunos cultivos.
Desarrollo embrionario de Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Psychodidae), bajo condiciones de laboratorio
Authors: Melgarejo-Colmenares Judier Karelly , López Ronald , Cabrera-Quintero Olga L.
Published: May 2020

Lutzomyia longipalpis es el principal vector de la leishmaniasis visceral en las Américas. Durante seis días se hizo seguimiento al desarrollo de los huevos de L. longipalpis bajo condiciones experimentales. Esto permitió describir las características morfológicas internas y externas del huevo y de las larvas recién nacidas, así como estimar su longitud. En huevos con uno y dos días de desarrollo, se observó abundante vitelo sin formación clara de blástula y gástrula. Al tercer día, se registró una disminución de la envoltura vitelina y la diferenciación de algunas estructuras de la larva. En el cuarto día se observó la larva formada, pero sin quitinización. Al quinto día se visualizaron las setas caudales y a través del corión las estructuras diferenciadas de la larva, y al sexto día la mayoría (90 %) de las larvas había eclosionado. En promedio, la longitud de los huevos fue de 372,8 µm y el ancho de 109,0 µm, en tanto que la longitud de las larvas fue de 628,8 µm y la de las setas caudales 686,7 µm.
Actividad diaria de forrajeo en Polybia diguetana Buysson 1905 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae)
Authors: González-Moreno Alejandra , Leirana-Alcocer Jorge L. , Cervera Herrera José C.
Published: May 2020

Es importante estudiar la actividad de forrajeo de Polistinae para entender mejor su impacto en los ecosistemas. En este trabajo se describe la actividad de un nido en fase de post-emergencia de Polybia diguetana en relación a la temperatura y humedad relativa. El área de estudio fue un campus universitario en Mérida, México, con clima cálido subhúmedo. Se muestreó en las siguientes fechas de 2019: enero 30 y 31, febrero 5 y 6, y abril 9 y 10, el 9 llovió de 9:00 a 11:45 horas. Se tomó un video del nido de 3:40 min de duración cada media hora, iniciando a las 7:30 y finalizando a las 14:45 horas. En total fueron filmados 83 videos con una duración acumulada de 308,5 minutos. Se midió la temperatura (°C) y humedad relativa a tres metros del nido al iniciar cada video. Se realizaron análisis de correlación parcial con temperatura y humedad como variables independientes y frecuencias de despegues y aterrizajes como dependientes, el 9 de abril se excluyó del análisis por el posible efecto de la lluvia. En el día lluvioso los aterrizajes y despegues fueron más frecuentes a las 7:30 que hubo la temperatura más alta y la humedad relativa más baja; en los otros días los despegues fueron más frecuentes a las 11:00 y los aterrizajes a las 14:00. La temperatura se correlacionó positivamente tanto con los despegues (r=0,21, p=0,05) como con los aterrizajes (r =0,44, p<0,0001). La humedad relativa se correlacionó negativamente con los aterrizajes (r= -0,27, p=0,01). La temperatura fue el factor que más influyó las actividades de forrajeo, la humedad relativa lo hizo en menor medida. La presencia de lluvias modificó el patrón, tanto por el aumento en la humedad relativa como por el riesgo de impacto sobre las forrajeras.
Verde que te quiero verde: una mirada feminista para la conservación de la biodiversidad
Authors: Klier Gabriela , Núñez Paula G.
Published: May 2020

Este artículo de reflexión pretende realizar una breve introducción al llamado ecofeminismo, con el objetivo de visibilizar sus encuentros y diferencias con las propuestas de la biología de la conservación. Propondremos que el ecofeminismo tiene numerosos aportes epistemológicos y ético-políticos que pueden enriquecer a las prácticas de la biología de la conservación y generar una mirada crítica sobre el rol de las ciencias en las problemáticas ambientales. Para ello examinaremos dos elementos de análisis, particularmente relevantes para el ecofeminismo. El primero refiere a la noción de naturaleza en la modernidad y la perspectiva dualista que separa naturaleza de cultura. El segundo refiere a la epistemología tradicional de las ciencias naturales, vinculado a la idea de objetividad y neutralidad, así como en relación con el rol asignado a las ciencias naturales frente a las problemáticas ambientales. Posteriormente, contrastaremos dichas críticas con los discursos de la biología de la conservación, tratando de examinar en qué medida se reproducen los presupuestos criticados por el ecofeminismo y en qué medida aparecen búsquedas comunes. Nuestro análisis indica que en cierta medida algunos elementos del ecofeminismo parecen encontrar resonancias y perspectivas comunes en la biología de la conservación, más no de modo amplio. Creemos que las alianzas entre las corrientes feministas y las de cuidado ambiental, propuestas por la biología de la conservación, pueden resultar aproximaciones disruptivas respecto de la mirada hegemónica de las ciencias naturales. Estas “nuevas miradas” tal vez posibiliten una mayor apropiación social en los proyectos de conservación, que no reproduzcan supuestos problemáticos –vinculados a la actual crisis ambiental- como el dualismo naturaleza-cultura y que consideren diferentes aristas socioambientales respecto de la pérdida de biodiversidad.