bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GÜNEYDOĞU ANADOLU BÖLGESİNDE BİR ÇOCUK HASTANESİNDE HEPATİT A SEROPREVALANSININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: YİŞ Reyhan , DEĞİRMENCİ Süleyman
Published: February 2020

Amaç:
Hepatit A virüsü [HAV] tüm dünyada yaygın olup, fekal oral yolla bulaşan
enfeksiyon hastalığına neden olmaktadır. 
Aşı ile önlenebilen akut hepatit A enfeksiyonu gelişmekte olan ülkelerde
önemli bir sağlık sorunudur. Bu çalışma retrospektif olarak XXX Çocuk
Hastanesi'nde HAV enfeksiyonu seroprevalansını belirlemek amacıyla
tasarlanmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra, “Genişletilmiş Ulusal Bağışıklama Programı” na
hepatit A aşısı eklenmesinden önce, son bir yıldaki HAV seroprevelansının
belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntemler:
Çalışma 01.01.2011- 31.12.2011 tarihleri arasında halsizlik, bulantı, kusma,
karın ağrısı gibi nonspesifik şikayetler ile XXX Çocuk Hastanesi acil servisi
ve polikliniklerine başvuran 0-15
yaş arası
çocuklarda gerçekleştirildi. Çalışmaya 5520 çocuğun verileri dahil edilmiştir.
Kemilüminesans yöntemiyle 0-6 yaş grubundaki 3208 ve 7-15 yaş grubundaki 2312
çocuğun serum örneğinde Anti-HAV IgM ve Anti-HAV IgG testleri çalışılmıştır.
Tüm sonuçlar retrospektif olarak değerlendirilmiştir.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya
alınan 0-6 yaş grubu 3208 hastanın 857’sinde [%26,87] antiHAV IgM pozitifliği
saptanmış, 1733’ünde [%54,03] virüs ile karşılaşılmamıştır. Bu yaş grubunda
seropozitiflik %19,25 [n:618] olarak belirlenmiştir. 7-15 yaş grubu 2312
hastanın 980’inde [%42,39]’inde antiHAV IgM pozitifken, 372’sinde [%16,08]
virüs ile karşılaşılmamıştır. Bu yaş grubunda seropozitiflik %41,52 [n:960]
olarak saptanmıştır.

Sonuç:
Çalışmanın sonuçları çocuk nüfusunun önemli bir kısmının HAV enfeksiyonuna
duyarlı olduğunu göstermiştir. Çalışmamız, aşının etkinliğini değerlendiren
çalışmalarda sıfır noktası oluşturacak verileri içermesi açısından önemlidir. Önlenebilir
bir hastalık olması açısından rutin aşılamanın yapılması, hijyen şartlarının
iyileştirilmesi ve bulaş yolları ile ilgili toplumun eğitilmesi büyük önem
taşımaktadır.
KRONİK OBSTRUKTİF AKCİĞER HASTALARINDA DİSPNE ŞİDDETİNİN DENGE ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ
Authors: OGAN Nalan , ALHAN Aslıhan , AKPINAR Evrim Eylem
Published: March 2020

Giriş:
Kronik Obstrüktif Akciğer Hastalığı (KOAH) kardiyovasküler komorbiditeler,
periferal kas disfonksiyonu, kilo kaybı, sistemik inflamasyon ve psikolojik
problemler gibi birçok komorbidite ile beraber olabilir. Çalışmamızda, KOAH
hastalık şiddeti ile denge arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemeyi amaçladık.

Gereç ve Yöntemler:
Prospektif yapılan çalışmamızda hastalar KOAH için Küresel Girişim (GOLD)
sınıflamasına göre A ile B grubu (hafif-orta) ve C ile D (ağır-çok ağır) grubu
birleştirilerek iki grup oluşturuldu. Hastaların demografik verileri, solunum
fonksiyon testleri, Modifiye Tıbbi Araştırma Konseyi Skalası (MRC), KOAH
Değerlendirme Testi (CAT), St. George Solunum Anketi (SGRQ) ve Berg Denge
Skalası uygulandı.

Bulgular:
Kırkbeş KOAH’lı olgu çalışmaya alındı. Denge skalası ile KOAH atak yılı, MRC ve
CAT değerleri arasındaki fark anlamlıyken (sırasıyla p değerleri; 0.016, 0.033
ve 0.0179), SGRQ aktivite, semptom ve total değerleri ile karşılaştırıldığında
fark saptanmadı.

Sonuç:
Özellikle ileri evre hastalarda dinamik dengeyi değerlendirmek için Berg Denge
Skalası kullanmak uygun olabilir.
DOES THE AGE OF THE HEALTHY DONORS RELATED WITH THE AMOUNT OF STEM CELLS COLLECTED WITH GCSF?
Authors: Gokgoz Zafer
Published: March 2020

Aim: We have aimed to analyze the association between donor age and mobilization of CD34+ stem cells in the present retrospective study.Material and Methods: This retrospective study included 53 healthy stem cell donors by screening patient files in the Bone Marrow Transplant Unit of Medicana Ankara International Hospital between the years 2016 and 2018. All donors were over 18 years old. The donors with a chronic disease and ongoing medication were excluded from the study. All donors were mobilized using lenograstim or filgrastim. The appropriate donors according to early measurement of CD34+stem cells underwent mobilization procedure with Fresenius (Bad Homburg, Germany) device if early measurement of CD34+stem cells revealed 20x106/L.Results: The present study included 53 donors. No statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of early measurement values of CD34+ stem cells. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups with respect to the number of collected CD34+ stem cells per body weight. No statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of total number of collected CD34+ stem cells. Bone pain was the most commonly found side effect in both groups.Conclusion: As a conclusion, we have determined in this retrospective study that age is not a factor that may cause a failure of mobilization and that similar amounts of peripheral blood stem cells could be collected in both younger and older donors.
Comparison of clinicopathologic characteristics and survivals in patients with uterine serous and clear cell carcinoma
Authors: FIRAT CÜYLAN Zeliha , ASLAN Koray , KORKMAZ Vakkas , ÖZ Murat , MEYDANLİ Mehmet Mutlu
Published: March 2020

AbstractAim: We aimed to compare the clinicopathological characteristics and survivals between uterine serous carcinoma (USC) and uterine clear cell carcinoma (UCCC).Materials and Methods: The study population consists of women who were diagnosed  with USC and UCCC according to the final pathology reports. Demographic, clinicopathological and survival data were collected and analyzed.Results: A total of 69 patients with USC and 36 patients with UCCC were included in the final analysis. Patients in the USC group tend to have more advanced stage disease compared to the patients in the UCCC group and this was statistically significant between the groups (61.1% vs 36.2%, respectively; p=0.015). Patients with USC were more likely to have omental metastasis (17/69 vs 2/36, p=0.016) and positive peritoneal cytology (25/69 vs 5/36, p=0.016). In the multivariate analysis, only positive peritoneal cytology remained as an independent prognostic factor for decreased disease free survival (DFS) for the entire cohort (HR 5.07, 95% CI 2.07-12.42; p<0.001). Only positive peritoneal cytology was an independent prognostic factor for decreased overall survival (OS) for the entire cohort (HR 3.50, 95% CI 1.31-9.33; p=0.012) in the multivariate analysis.Conclusion: We concluded that positive peritoneal cytology was an independent prognostic factor for both DFS and OS in patients with USC and UCCC in the current study. Because of the high rate of omental metastasis in the USC group, we also suggest performing an omentectomy as a part of the comprehensive surgical staging surgery.
Mevsimsel farklılıkların Bell’s paralizisi sıklığı ve evresi üzerindeki etkileri
Authors: GÜNEŞ Akif , KARALI Elif
Published: March 2020

Amaç:
Bu
çalışmada Bell’s paralizisi (BP) geçiren hastaların House-Brackmann Skorlama
(HBS) sistemine göre hastalık evrelerini değerlendirerek mevsimler arasında her
hangi bir farklılığın olup olmadığını değerlendirmeyi amaçladık.

Gereç
ve Yöntem: Üçüncü basamak bir hastanenin Kulak Burun Boğaz
polikliniklerinde muayeneleri yapılan ve BP olduğu tespit edilen, ağustos 2015-
ağustos 2019 tarihleri arasında, 20- 80 yaş aralığında 222 hastanın verileri
retrospektif olarak incelendi. HBS sistemine göre hastalık evreleri ve mevsimsel
farklılıkları değerlendirildi. 

Bulgular:
Çalışmamıza 105’ i (%47,3) kadın, 117’ si (%52,7) erkek olmak üzere toplam 222
hasta dâhil edildi. Hastaların ortalama yaşı 39,28±19,20 olarak tespit edildi.
Çalışmamıza dâhil edilen hastalarda %36,5 ile en fazla 3. evrenin olduğu ve
%13,9 oranında ise en az evre 2 olduğu belirlendi. Yapılan istatistiksel
analizde mevsimsel farklılıklar ile evreler arasında anlamlı bir farklılığın
olduğu görülmektedir (p<0.001). Sonbahar ve kış aylarında evre 4 ve evre 5
BP daha fazla görülmektedir.

Sonuçlar: Sonuç olarak BP hastalık evresi mevsimsel farklılıklardan etkilenmektedir. Ayrıca ülkemizde bölgesel farklılıkların BP evresi üzerindeki etkinliği
ile ilgili farklı bilimsel çalışmaların da yapılmasının literatüre katkı sağlayacağını düşünmekteyiz.
Content and Pedagogical Knowledge of Prospective Teachers in Mathematics Learning: Commognitive Framework
Authors: ZAYYADİ Moh , NUSANTARA Toto , HİDAYANTO Erry , SULANDRA I Made , SA'DIJAH Cholis
Published: February 2020

The
purpose of this research was to describe the content and pedagogical knowledge
skills of prospective teacher in learning mathematics from a commognitive
perspective. This type of research is qualitative research. The subjects of
this study were the 7th-semester students of mathematics education at Madura
University who were taking a Field Experience (PPL) course. Students do
teaching and recording is done in the form of video recordings. Teaching video
recordings were analyzed by researchers to observe the ability of pedagogical
and content knowledge of prospective teacher from a commognitive perspective.
Data analysis in this study is inductive, that is an analysis based on data
obtained, researchers present the data that has been reduced which then
concludes. In this study, there are fundamental differences in the commognitive
components of content knowledge and pedagogical knowledge of prospective
teacher. All commognitive components both word use, visual mediator, routine
and narrative occur in the content knowledge of prospective teacher in the
learning process.The narrative component in commognitive emphasizes more on the
knowledge content of prospective teacher, this is the finding of this study.
The Difficulties of Prospective Elementary School Teachers in Item Problem Solving for Mathematics: Polya’s Steps
Authors: YAYUK Erna , HUSAMAH H.
Published: February 2020

Problem-solving in mathematics is one of the skills that have to be mastered by elementary school teacher candidates. This study aimed to analyze the difficulties of prospective elementary school teachers at the Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang (UMM) in item problem solving for mathematics. This research was a descriptive exploratory with a qualitative approach. The subjects were elementary school teacher education students at the UMM, who attended the Elementary School Mathematics Learning course II, totaling of 38 students. The instrument used was a mathematical problem based on HOTS, while the interview and observation referred to problem-solving strategies based on Polya's steps (ability to understand problems, ability to plan problems, ability to act based on a plan, and ability to re-check answers). Data analysis was performed by analyzing the written answer sheets of the subjects while coding and grouping the subject's learning styles. The data from the interview and observation were analyzed with content analysis. The results showed that students still experienced difficulties in all Polya’s steps. The ability of problem-solving based on Polya's steps include understanding the problem, planning, and writing strategies, as well as carrying out activities according to plan. The results of the study stated that only 5.3% of students were in a good category. Students also have had difficulty in re-checking answers, because only 8% of students did the work correctly. It can be concluded that the ability of problem-solving in Mathematics based on Polya's steps was still relatively weak.
Prevalence of Articulation Errors among Jordanian Gifted Students with Dyslexia
Authors: AL-ZOUBİ Samer Mahmoud , AL-ZOUBI Suhail
Published: March 2020

This research aimed at investigating the prevalence of articulation errors among Jordanian gifted students with dyslexia at Al-Khourah Directorate of Education. 33 gifted students with dyslexia aged 6–12 years participated in this research. The resource room teachers applied the articulation errors checklist to the participants to detect the prevalence of these errors according to gender, type of articulation errors, and the position of the error in the word. The results indicated that the prevalence of articulation errors among Jordanian gifted students with dyslexia was 36.36%; 75% of the articulation errors appeared among male students; the most prevalent type of articulation errors was substitution 66.67%, and 75% of the articulation errors in the word position appeared at the beginning of the word.
Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding protocol for fish species v2
Authors: Ahmed Omneya , Larsson Tomas , Töpel Mats , Eiler Alexander
Published: March 2020

Environmental DNA metabarcoding universal primers targeting the hypervariable region of the 12S rRNA gene
Protein-coding gene annotation protocol for the eastern banjo frog v1
Authors: Li Qiye
Published: February 2020

This pipeline is the protein-coding gene annotation by using homology-based and de novo predictions to build gene models for the Limnodynastes dumerilii dumerilii genome assembly.
Radiographic protocol to quantify cranial tibial translation in dogs v1
Authors: Maria Tambella Adolfo , Martin Stefano , Rita Attili Anna , Vullo Cecilia , Omini Luca
Published: March 2020

This protocol describes a radiographic procedure to objectively quantifyin vivothe cranial tibial translation using a simple device in dogs. This protocol was used in the following publication: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0228621 Tambella AM, Omini L, Attili AR, Vullo C, Martin S (2020) Evaluation of cranial tibial translation in dogs: Diagnostic accuracy of radiographic method using a simple device. PLoS ONE 15(2): e0228621. (ISSN: 1932-6203) (DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228621)
phenogenon pipeline v1
Authors: Pontikos Nikolas , Murphy Cian , Moghul Ismail , Yu Jing
Published: February 2020

As high-throughput sequencing is increasingly applied to the molecular diagnosis of rare Mendelian disorders, a large number of patients with diverse phenotypes have their genetic and phenotypic data pooled together to uncover new gene-phenotype relations. We introduce Phenogenon, a statistical tool that combines, Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) annotated patient phenotypes, gnomAD allele population frequency, and Combined Annotation Dependent Depletion (CADD) score for variant pathogenicity, in order to jointly predict the mode of inheritance and gene-phenotype associations. We ran Phenogenon on our cohort of 3,290 patients who had undergone whole exome sequencing. Among the top associations, we recapitulated previously known, such as "SRD5A3 - Abnormal full-field electroretinogram – recessive" and "GRHL2 – Nail dystrophy – recessive", and discovered one potentially novel, “RRAGA – Abnormality of the skin – dominant”. We also developed an interactive web interface available at https://phenogenon.phenopolis.org to visualise and explore the results.
ATTITUDES TOWARD EXTENSIVE READING AMONG ENGLISH TEACHERS OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOLS
Authors: Firda Ima Dwi Lailatul , Widiati Utami , Laksmi Ekaning Dewanti , Hayati Nur
Published: February 2020

Abstract: Attitudes Toward Extensive Reading Among English Teachers of Senior High Schools. This survey aims to investigate the attitudes of 32 English teachers of public senior high schools in a district in East Java Province, Indonesia, toward Extensive Reading (ER) as one of the ways of improv­ing reading habit, covering the teachers’ cognitive, behavioral, and affective attitudes. Questionnaires in the form of closed-ended and open-ended questions were used as the main instrument to collect the da­ta, complemented with interviews with sampled teachers to gain more in-depth understanding of the phenomena under study. The results show that cognitively, most English teachers have positive cogni­tive attitudes, which implies good understanding of ER. The teachers’ affective attitudes also reflect their eagerness to know more about implementing ER and to find ways of solving potential problems. However, in terms of behavioral attitudes, the data show that the teachers are still in doubt to conduct ER program due to several problems, such as time allotment, reading resources, students’ motivation, curriculum and school programs, learning assessment, and school rules. The findings imply the need for policy makers at school and government’s educational agencies, as well as experts in the field to help support the teachers in setting up ER program at schools by addressing the issues that teachers are con­cerned with.Abstrak: Sikap Guru Bahasa Inggris Sekolah Menengah Atas Terhadap Membaca Ekstensif. Studi survei ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki sikap (kognitif, konatif, dan afektif) dari 32 guru bahasa Inggris Sekolah Menengah Atas di salah satu kota di Provinsi Jawa Timur, Indonesia, terhadap mem­baca ekstensif sebagai salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan kebiasaan membaca. Kuesioner dalam bentuk pertanyaan tertutup dan terbuka digunakan sebagai instrumen utama untuk mengumpulkan data, serta dilengkapi dengan wawancara dengan guru sampel untuk mendapatkan pemahaman mendalam tentang fenomena yang diteliti. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara kognitif, sebagian besar guru bahasa Inggris memiliki sikap kognitif positif, yang menyiratkan pemahaman yang baik tentang membaca eks­tensif. Sikap afektif guru juga mencerminkan keinginan mereka untuk mengetahui lebih banyak tentang penerapan membaca ekstensif dan untuk menemukan cara memecahkan masalah potensial. Namun, da­lam hal sikap konatif, data menunjukkan bahwa guru masih ragu untuk melakukan program membaca ekstensif karena beberapa masalah, seperti alokasi waktu, sumber bacaan, motivasi siswa, kurikulum dan program sekolah, penilaian pembelajaran, dan peraturan sekolah. Hasil-hasil ini menyiratkan per­lunya pembuat kebijakan di sekolah dan lembaga pendidikan pemerintah, serta para ahli di lapangan untuk membantu mendukung para guru dalam menyiapkan program membaca ekstensif di sekolah-sekolah dengan menangani isu-isu yang berkaitan dengan guru.
THE IMPROVEMENT OF BASIC MEASUREMENT SKILLS THROUGH PAIR CHECK TYPE COOPERATIVE LEARNING MODELS
Authors: Irdianto Windra , Poerwanto Eko Edi , Ihwanudin M.
Published: February 2020

Abstract: The Improvement of Basic Measurement Skills Through Pair Check Type Cooperative Learning Models. Pair check cooperative learning is a learning model of a small group of two students who are responsible for completing academic assignments with peer guidance. This study aims to ex­plore the effect of cooperative learning pair check models on automotive measurement subject matter. Thirty-two students were divided into two groups. One group consisting of 17 students is an experi­mental class, while the other group consisting of 15 students is a control class. Research data is a score of students' skills in reading the results of automotive measurements. Research data was obtained at the final evaluation of learning using a questionnaire. The results showed that the average score of the ex­perimental class was 78.35, while the average score of the control class was 57.73. The difference in the average score of the two groups was tested using t test statistics for independent groups. The results showed that the average score of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the con­trol group. This shows that cooperative learning type pair check can improve students' skills in reading the results of automotive measurements.
Hacia un nuevo modelo de diccionario didáctico: el diccionario didáctico integral del español de Canarias
Authors: Hernández Hernández Humberto
Published: February 2020

Como ya he defendido en otras ocasiones, son muchas las ventajas que, desde una perspectiva didáctica, ofrecen los diccionarios integrales frente a los diferenciales, pues estos últimos pueden proporcionar al alumno una visión incompleta de la realidad de una modalidad lingüística. Nuestra propuesta, que combina una doble metodología (contrastiva e integradora), supone un indudable reto lexicográfico, al realizarlo a partir de la modalidad canaria, dialecto meridional en el que podemos encontrar las más variadas situaciones lingüísticas, diatópicas y diastráticas.
Léxico de Cantabria en la decimoquinta edición del diccionario académico (DRAE-1925)
Authors: Peña Arce Jaime
Published: February 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo es alcanzar una descripción total, cuantitativa y cualitativa, del léxico de Cantabria recogido en el diccionario de 1925, texto considerado un hito en la historia de la lexicografía académica. Hay que destacar, por un lado, el espectacular aumento del corpus analizado en esta edición (+ 140 %); por otro, los materiales empleados para realizar tal aumento: por primera vez, la Academia, en lo que respecta al léxico montañés, recurre a los materiales incluidos en repertorios locales. Dentro de estos, destaca el compilado por Eduardo de Huidobro (1867-1936), quien recogió los vocablos empleados en las obras narrativas de José María de Pereda (1833-1906).
El lenguaje de las emociones en las narrativas humanitarias durante la segunda guerra carlista (1872-1876)
Authors: Arrizabalaga Jon
Published: February 2020

La última guerra carlista (1872-1876) constituyó el bautismo de fuego de la Cruz Roja Española (CRE) —fundada en 1864, el mismo año de la adhesión de España a la Convención de Ginebra— así como el más temprano gran conflicto civil al que el movimiento internacional de Cruz Roja se hubo de enfrentar. Pese a la imposibilidad legal entonces de que el Comité de Ginebra pudiera intervenir en guerras civiles, ambos bandos acordaron respetar los principios de la Convención, y la CRE —como otras organizaciones humanitarias, y de modo destacado La Caridad, que crearon los insurgentes— se volcó en actividades de socorro a los combatientes heridos y enfermos. En este artículo se exploran las narrativas humanitarias de dos destacados líderes de CRE durante la guerra carlista: el oficial médico e inspector general de CRE Nicasio Landa y la jurista, reformadora social y secretaria de su comité central de Señoras, Concepción Arenal. Se analizan estas narrativas en diversas fuentes primarias (cartas, informes, relatos literarios, artículos), destacándose similitudes y diferencias mutuas con respecto a cuatro aspectos: (i) sus públicos, propósitos y estrategias; (ii) sus apreciaciones acerca de quiénes merecían la ayuda humanitaria; (iii) sus preocupaciones por el bienestar físico y emocional de los combatientes enfermos y heridos atendidos en distintos escenarios y transportados mediante diferentes procedimientos; y (iv) la identidad de los actores humanitarios. Todo ello al objeto de examinar el papel jugado por estas narrativas humanitarias en el modelado de la compasión de la ciudadanía hacia las víctimas en las guerras civiles y el consiguiente afianzamiento de la CRE.
Identificación de nuevas voces de la medicina dieciochesca mediante procesos de reformulación
Authors: Gómez de Enterría Josefa
Published: February 2020

El objetivo del artículo es detectar la presencia de algunos neologismos médicos a partir del seguimiento de los mecanismos de reformulación presentes en el discurso especializado de la medicina dieciochesca. Así, hemos observado que son los procesos de la reformulación los que proporcionan el acceso a la dimensión léxica de los textos, favoreciendo la identificación de las nuevas voces. Para ello hemos reunido una base documental constituida por un corpus textual de obras médicas con traducciones y obras originales, y otro corpus lexicográfico con un conjunto de diccionarios idóneos. A partir de dos sincronías, estrechamente relacionadas con la evolución de la medicina dieciochesca, hemos hecho el seguimiento del cambio semántico que acusan las voces arteriotomía y poro durante el período acotado.
La práctica lexicográfica médica del siglo XIX a ambos lados del charco: el diccionario de Richard D. Hoblyn
Authors: Gómez Martínez Marta
Published: February 2020

La lexicografía médica, durante el siglo XIX, sufrió un auge extraordinario en países como Francia y Alemania, que contagió a otros lugares europeos como España, Italia o Reino Unido; además, el éxito de algunas de estas obras las llevó a cruzar el charco y así comenzaron a editarse en el continente americano. Un buen ejemplo sería el diccionario terminológico médico de Richard D. Hoblyn, que vio la luz en Londres en 1835, pero que consiguió numerosas ediciones a lo largo de la centuria: en 1844 se publicó la segunda edición en Londres, que sirvió, solo un año después, de fuente a la primera edición norteamericana, publicada en Filadelfia en 1845. Para explicar el éxito de A Dictionary of Terms used in Medicine and the Collateral Sciences, tanto en el Reino Unido como en Estados Unidos, sobre todo si tenemos en cuenta que se publicaron otros diccionarios, en este trabajo daremos respuesta a varias cuestiones que surgen de la comparación de ambas ediciones (la de Londres y la Filadelfia): ¿Qué entradas incorpora? ¿Cómo se organiza la información?, esto es, a nivel de macro y de microestructura, para así ser capaces de contestar a nuestra última pregunta, ¿para quién se elaboró el diccionario?
EL DERECHO HUMANO DE ASOCIACIÓN Y SU VULNERACIÓN POR LA SOCIEDAD POR ACCIONES SIMPLIFICADAS (SAS)
Authors: Garavito Torres Luis Xavier , Concepción Montiel Luis Enrique
Published: February 2020

En el presente estudio pretendemos establecer las bases de los derechos humanos en general, para posteriormente avocarnos al análisis exclusivo del derecho humano denominado de Asociación contenido en la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos y los tratados internacionales de que México forma parte. Una vez establecido el campo de aplicación del Derecho de Asociación, y sus restricciones, se procederá al estudio general de las sociedades mercantiles en México, para en forma seguida analizar el relativamente nuevo tipo social denominado “Sociedad por Acciones Simplificada” (SAS), que fue introducido en nuestra Ley General de Sociedades Mercantiles a partir de la reforma publicada en el Diario Oficial de la Federación el día 14 de marzo de 2016, dentro del estudio de esta figura jurídica, haremos énfasis en sus peculiares características, para posteriormente determinar y fundamentar que disposiciones de la SAS vulnerarían el Derecho Humano de Asociación, para finalizar estableciendo los medios de control que pueden ser utilizados para salvaguardar el derecho de asociación.
EXPOLIACIÓN, MALOS TRATOS Y ENFERMEDADES: ASPECTOS PROBLEMÁTICOS QUE CONDUJERON A LA REGULACIÓN DEL TRABAJO EN LAS LEYES DE INDIAS
Authors: Ballesteros Rayo Carlos Alberto
Published: February 2020

En este artículo se realiza una aproximación al ordenamiento jurídico que reguló las relaciones laborales en la época colonial. Su estructura tiene el siguiente hilo conductor: debate sobre la denominada leyenda negra, en el que se elucida las consecuencias devastadoras de la conquista y el resultado de un sistema laboral constituido por un hibrido entre el esclavismo y el feudalismo. Esos aspectos dieron lugar a la creación de normas relacionadas con la protección de la integridad física de los indígenas, vulnerada a raíz de las enfermedades que contraían por falta de salubridad y los malos tratos que recibían en las sementeras y en las minas.
La Aplicación Del Principio De Planeación Ante La Declaratoria De La Urgencia Manifiesta
Authors: Cano Mendoza César Alejandro , Ruiz Viera Elvis Andrés
Published: February 2020

El Estado Colombiano a través de sus instituciones tiene como fin el cumplimiento de los DDHH y la Carta Magna colombiana, a través de políticas y procedimientos, en su mayoría administrativos en ejercicio de la Función Pública. Convertir esa función en una realidad es gracias, por lo general, al nivel o proyección de inversiones a través de la Contratación Estatal, con sus principios y normas aplicables; ante cualquier situación adversa y durante todas las vigencias fiscales.
VIDAS DESPERDICIADAS: LA MODERNIDAD Y SUS PARIAS
Authors: Reales Vega Rosario Joaquín , García Terán Ruth Elena
Published: February 2020

Vidas desperdiciadas es un análisis pormenorizado de los excluidos del sistema político o de la construcción del orden como suele llamarlo el autor. Los excluidos son aquellos sujetos que no tienen y no han tenido cabida al interior de los sistemas, tanto económico, político, social y cultural, es decir, los no bien vistos y que viven en condiciones denigrantes
Dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to infraorbital block in children undergoing cleft lip surgery – A clinical comparative study
Authors: B Sumalatha G , D Ravichandra R
Published: February 2020

Regional nerve blocks provide excellent analgesia in children without adverse effects. However the duration of analgesia may be limited therefore addition of adjuvants can effectively prolong the duration of analgesia. Since alpha 2 agonist effectively prolong the duration of analgesia, we conducted a randomised double blind study to evaluate the effectiveness of dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant  in infraorbital nerve block.

: Eighty children of ASA grade 1 and 2, of either sex  scheduled for cleft lip repair under general anaesthesia were allocated randomly into one of two equal groups (Group B and Group D, n=40). In both group sinfraorbital nerve block was performed with 1ml of solution on each side. The B group received bupivacaine 0.25% and the D group received b upivacaine 0.25% with 0.5µg/kg dexmedetomidine. The mean duration of analgesia and number of patients receiving rescue analgesia was recorded in both groups. The intraoperative hemodynamic parameters and postoperative sedation scores were recorded. For pain and sedation scores, Mann–Whitney U-test was used. Fisher’s exact test was used for comparison of categorical data. P ≤ 0.05 was considered as the level of statistical significance.

Both groups were comparable in demographic profile. The mean duration of analgesia in Group D (733±49.15 minutes) was significantly longer compared to Group B (496±28.26) (p=0.001). There was a statistically significant difference in the number of patients receiving rescue analgesics in Group B (36) and Group D(8). The number of times of rescue analgesics in Group B and Group D was 3and 1 respectively, which was statistically significant. The intraoperative and postoperative hemodynamic HR was comparable in both groups (). The sedation score in the postoperative period did not differ between the two groups.
Comparison of levobupivacaine alone and levobupivacaine with dexmedetomidine in supraclavicular brachial plexus block: A prospective randomized clinical trial
Authors: Malawat Aman , Sachdev Sudhir , Sharma Vivek , Jethava Durga , Moin Khayyam
Published: February 2020

Supraclavicular brachial plexus block is the most suitable mode of anaesthesia for various upper limb surgeries. Dexmedetomidine added to local anaesthetics shortens the onset time and prolongs the duration of block and post-operative analgesia in the brachial plexus block. However, there remains limited knowledge of its analgesic efficacy and duration in peripheral nerve and nerve plexus blockade.

d: This prospective randomized double-blinded study was conducted with 60 patients of ASA physical status class I/II, scheduled for elective unilateral upper limb surgery. Patients were randomized into 2 groups of 30 each. All patients in Group L received a brachial plexus block with 29 ml of 0.5% levobupivacaine + 1ml of normal saline. Group LD received 29 ml of 0.5% levobupivacaine + 1ml of dexmedetomidine 1ml(100mcg). The primary objectives were the onset and duration of sensory and motor block.

The onset of sensory and motor block was earlier in Group L (12.4 ± 3.1 min and 20.5 ± 3.8 min) than Group LD (15.9 ± 2.7 min and 22.1 ± 3.2 min), (P = 0.0000 and 0.0801). The duration of sensory and motor block was longer in Group LD (1198.0 ± 48.5 min and 1178.3 ± 41.4 min) than Group L (710.3 ± 87.3 min and 688.7 ± 86.6 min), (P =0.0000). The duration of analgesia was longer in Group LD (1222.0 ± 49.2 min) than Group L (726.3 ± 91.1 min), (P < 0.0001).

Dexmedetomidine added with levobupivacaine prolongs the duration of sensory as well as motor block in brachial plexus block using the supraclavicular technique with haemodynamic stability.
Relation between right ventricular function and the time of extubation after total repair of tetralogy of fallot in the pediatirc population
Authors: A Abdelhameed Gamal , I Ibraheem Waleed , M Abdeltawab Samar , H Armanios Simon
Published: February 2020

To study the relation between the systolic and diastolic right ventricular (RV) function in relation to the time of extubation after total repair of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) in a pediatric population.

Prospective, descriptive, non-randomized study.

Pediatric cardiac surgery unit at Ain Shams University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt. The study was conducted from January 2016 to February 2018.

A total of 60 patients having elective primary total repairs of TOF made up the study sample. The patients were divided into two groups based on the time of extubation: Group I included patients who were extubated 6 hours or more after the procedure, while Group II included patients who were extubated within the first 6 hours.

Total corrective surgery involving open-heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Measurements and Main Results: Early outcomes of mortality and morbidity were evaluated. RV systolic and diastolic functions were evaluated in the routine echocardiography performed on the first and fifth postoperative days. Additionally, patients’ inotropic drug requirements during their intensive care unit (ICU) stays were calculated to produce the inotropic index for evaluation of postoperative low cardiac output. Group I contained 32 patients, while Group II contained 28. The mean ages in Group I and II, respectively, were 1.2 ± 0.8 years and 1.5 ± 0.9 years (p = 0.180). The mean weight in Group I and II, respectively, was 10.5 ± 2.5 kg and 9.86 ± 3.2 kg (p = 0.396). There were 20 (62.5%) males in Group I and 18 (64.29%) males in Group II (p = 0.886). Mortality was 2 cases (6.3%) in Group I and 1 case (3.6%) in Group II, with no statistical difference. Postoperative echocardiographic examination revealed significantly better RV functional parameters in Group II than in Group I.
Challenges in airway management of trauma patients: An update
Authors: Kumar Abhijit , Kohli Amit
Published: February 2020

Trauma has been a widely studied subject in western world in past decade. Many international organizations have formulated guidelines regarding the management of victims who have threatened airway due to any kind of trauma. Indian subcontinent is following the western world in such situations but incidence and nature of trauma is different, moreover the availability of resources varies. This review article will highlight the topics like need for pre-hospital intubations, status of rapid sequence intubation, cricoid pressure, adjuncts for intubation and airway management of victims with trauma of special nature.

“My heart and soul were wrecked; I was not sure whether my windpipe is going to make it or not”- Joshua Graham
A comparative study of intravenous febrinil vial (150mg/ml) vs intravenous paracetamol (1gm/100 ml) pint formulation for postoperative analgesia
Authors: Mittal Dave Urmi , R Vaghela Khyati , A Jadeja Chetna , R Chaudhari Dharti , J Gohil Jindal
Published: February 2020

Paracetamol is used as an analgesic in mild to moderate pain over opioidsor NSAIDs due to lack of significant side effects. Intravenous Paracetamol is available as vial (150 mg/ml, 20 ml) and ready-to- use pint (1gm/100 ml) in market. Considering cost difference between the two formulations, we decided to conduct this study to assess analgesic efficacy against cost effectiveness between paracetamol vial and paracetamol pint.

Sixty female patients, aged 18-35 years, American Society of Anaesthesiologist physical status I–III, posted for elective or emergency caesarean section under subarachnoid block were enrolled in the study. The patients were randomly allocated into two groups of 30 patients each. In Group A, IV P aracetamol (Febrinil vial,150mg/ml, by MANISH Pharmaceuticals) 6.5 ml (1gm) from vial diluted in 100 ml normal saline infused over 15 minutes and in Group B, IV Paracetamol 100 ml pint (1 gm/100 ml, by ABBOTT Pharmaceuticals) was given over 15 minutes at the time of skin closure followed by subsequent doses at 6 hourly interval in both the groups. Patients were observed for analgesia efficacy, requirement of rescue analgesia, hemodynamic stability and side effects if any. Cost effectiveness of both formulations was noted.

Demographic profile, visual analogue score, number of rescue analgesia and haemodynamic were comparable in both the groups (p > 0.05). No major complications were noted except nausea, vomiting, pain at injection site. But there was large difference in the cost of Paracetamol per dose between the two groups (33.66 rupees in group A vs 262 rupees in group B).

We conclude that paracetamol is a safe and effective treatment option in post-caesarean pain without any major side effects. Considering total dose of 4 gm/24 hrs, Paracetamol vial formulation is more cost effective and equally efficacious analgesic as compared to ready to use Paracetamol pint.
Prospective comparative study of preoperative use of oral gabapentin with and without intravenous dexamethasone for postoperative pain, nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing cesarean section under spinal anaesthesia
Authors: H R Madhumala , Rohit Soumya , D Sachitha
Published: February 2020

Postoperative pain, nausea and vomiting remain the most common and unpleasant complications in women undergoing cesarean delivery, in turn hindering the mother’s ability to care for the newborn and herself. Traditional methods to alleviate pain such as systemic and neuraxial opioids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, often in combination, are used to treat pain in this population.
Low dose spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section in parturients having pregnancy induced hypertension: Effect on haemodynamicre sponse and vasopressor requirement: A prospective randomized double blind case control study
Authors: Navaria Rajeev , Kumar Verma Virendra , Naithani Udita , Goyal Anjuri , Aditya Das Saurav
Published: February 2020

Currently, the safety of spinal anaesthetic techniques is well established for caesarean section in pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) patient. Addition of fentanyl to local anaesthetic allows achievement of adequate anaesthesia with lower dose of local anaesthetic in spinal anaesthesia, thereby reducing the occurence of hypotension and need for vasopressor.

A prospective, randomized, double blind, case control study was carried out in 80 parturients having PIH undergoing caesarean section in spinal anaesthesia were randomized into 2 groups depending on intrathecal drug received by them as Group C (Conventional dose group- received hyperbaric bupivacaine 10 mg)and Group L{low dose group, hyperbaric bupivacaine (7.5 mg) with fentanyl (25 mcg)} and compared regarding sensory- motor block characteristics, incidence of hypotension (fall in MAP > 25% from baseline) vasopressor requirement Phenylephrine and Ephedrine.

Patient in Group L had significantly less number of hypotension episodes as compared to Group C(20 vs 31, p= 0.011). Hence vasopressor requirement was also significantly less in Group L than in Group C [Phenylephrine (1600 mcg vs 2500 mcg, p=0.044), Ephedrine (66 mg vs 18 mg, p= 0.030)].

Low dose spinal anaesthesia using 7.5 mg hyperbaric bupivacaine with 25 mcg fentanyl seems to be superior alternative to conventional dose of 10 mg hyperbaric bupivacaine for caesarean section in parturients having pregnancy induced hypertension, because it was associated with better hemodynamic stability, reduced vasopressor requirement.
Clinical investigation on the analogy between the ketofol (Amalgamation of Ketamine and Propofol) and ketamine and midazolam for procedural sedation – A single blinded study
Authors: Kumar Donda Rajesh , Reddy Annareddy Gangadhara , Nattala Ramudu , Usha Rani M
Published: February 2020

Decades of research for an ideal sedative agent that could provide both sedation and analgesia with minimal side effects to the patients has failed to find one. Research was then shifted to finding combination of drugs which could suffice the ideal sedative agent. Of these Ketofol showed promising results.

Aim of this study is to “Assess the efficacy and safety of propofol and ketamine amalgamation (ketofol) and comparing the superiority over ketamine and midazolam combination for procedural sedation”.

In this prospective randomized single blind study, 50 patients between 15 to 60 years of both males and females, ASA Grade I and Grade II were allocated into two groups. Patients in group 1 received ketofol and group 2 patients received ketamine and midazolam. The comparison between the two groups was done using Two-Sample T-Test, With the help of SPSS version 15.0 Statistical calculator, sample size calculated = 5 to 17, and actual power calculated with this sample size was 0.990 to 0.997 which shows significance of the study.

: The study showed statistically significant (p <0.005) difference in HR, DBP, SBP, MBP and recovery time between two groups. Group 1 patients showed stabilized parameters and rapid recovery time than group 2 patients

Ketofol is safe and efficient sedative combination which can be utilized in emergency department, daycare and OT settings with comfort, ease and without any complications. It is close to ideal sedative agent.
A comparative study to evaluate the effect of 8% sevoflurane compared to 1% Propofol for insertion of laryngeal mask airway in adult patients -A prospective, randomised & controlled study
Authors: Vishnu Mahesh Babu Batchu , Appalaraju Nellimarla , Prem Sagar T
Published: February 2020

The airway management during the general anaesthesia is mainly done using laryngeal mask airway. The anaesthesia that is used for this purpose is either propofol or sevoflurane supplied through inhalational route for painless insertion. Hence, the study was conducted with the aim of comparing 8% sevoflurane and 1% Propofol with regard to efficacy and associated complications.

This prospective experimental study included adult subjects who were undergoing minor surgeries. The subjects were equally distributed into two groups. The Group-1 received propofol 2-2.5 mg/kg body weight and Group-2 received 8% sevoflurane. The study outcomes were determined induction characteristics such as loss of verbal contact, eyelash reflex, jaw relaxation and some attempts for insertion were assessed. The other parameters that were recorded were grading of the parameters, blood pressure, and heart rate and associated complications.

A total of 60 participants were included in the study. Propofol took a lesser time for Induction characteristics as compared to that of sevoflurane. It was observed that propofol was associated with fall in heart rate and blood pressure and more rate of complications.

Faster induction was observed in Propofol while good hemodynamic stability was associated with Sevoflurane.
Addition of dexmedetomidine to ropivacaine for lower limb orthopaedic surgery under spinal anaesthesia to study its effect on block characteristics- An observational study
Authors: Ahluwalia Pallavi , Fakri Taqui
Published: February 2020

Spinal anaesthesia provides faster onset, effective sensory and motor block, adequate muscle relaxation and profound analgesia simply by injecting a small amount of local anaesthetic drug directly into CSF in subarachnoid space. This present study was conducted to assess the efficacy of Dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to Ropivacaine in terms of duration of sensory and motor block, post-operative analgesia and side effects in lower limb orthopedic surgeries.

: This prospective study was done on 50 ASA I/II patients of age 18-60 years undergoing spinal anaesthesia for lower limb orthopaedic surgery. In this study patients received an intrathecal injection of 22.5 mg Ropivacaine (3ml Ropivacaine 0.75%) & 5μg dexmedetomidine i.e. 0.5 ml. Onset of sensory/motor block, duration of sensory/motor block, duration of analgesia and side effects were noted.

Post-hoc bonferroni test was used for intercomparison of mean HR and MAP and significant difference was observed between them. The mean onset of Sensory Block was 3.51±0.50, mean Time to achieve maximum height of block (Minutes)was 10.63±0.59, Time to onset of regression at the level of L1 (minutes) was 187.45±22.61, mean Motor Block-Time to modified Bromage score 3 was 6.12±0.84 and Motor Block - Time to complete recovery (minutes) was 173.14±34.26. The mean Time to complete analgesia (in minutes) was 401.06±16.91 and mean Time to effective analgesia (in minutes) was 415.25±16.70.

The present study concludes that addition of dexmedetomidine with Ropivacaine provides faster onset of sensory/motor block.
Attenuation of sympathoadrenal response to direct laryngoscopy and intubation using 0.25mg/kg injection labetalol
Authors: Y Srinivas V , S Sindhu
Published: February 2020

: Direct laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation evokes autonomic disturbances in the form of tachycardia, raise in blood pressure, intracranial, and intraocular pressure.

Thus the present study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of injection Labetalol 0.25mg/kg body weight in the attenuation of sympathoadrenal response to direct laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation.

: The study was conducted on 60 participants belonging to ASA grade 1 or 2 aged between 18 – 55 yrs undergoing elective surgeries under general anaesthesia. The study population was randomly divided into 2 groups with 30 subjects in each group.

Group LAB (Labetalol group) – received 0.25mg/kg body weight diluted upto 10ml with normal saline intravenously, over 10minutes using a syringe pump, given 10minutes before induction.

Group CR (Control) received 10ml of normal saline intravenously.

The study drug was administered over 10 minutes using syringe pump followed by induction with inj Thiopentone 5mg/kg body weight and inj vecuronium 0.1mg/kg body weight three minutes prior to laryngoscopy and intubation. HR(Heart rate), Systolic arterial pressure, diastolic arterial pressure, MAP(mean arterial pressure) were recorded at basal, 2 minutes, 5 minutes, 8 minutes after study drug infusion, before induction, after induction, 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 15 minute after laryngoscopy and intubation.

: The result showed statistically significant (p<0.05) decrease in Heart rate, Systolic arterial Pressure, Diastolic arterial pressure and Mean arterial pressure in Group LAB compared to Group CR at all the time intervals.

In the present study, it was found that inj Labetalol 0.25mg/kg body weight had effectively attenuated the sympathoadrenal response to laryngoscopy and intubation.
A comparative study of intramuscular dexmedetomidine alone and intramuscular dexmedetomidine with intravenous fentanyl on hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation for ear surgery under general anesthesia
Authors: Shah Ayush , Patel Neepa , J Pandya Malti
Published: February 2020

Dexmedetomidine, a potent α2-adrenergic agonist with its sedative, anxiolytic, analgesic and sympatholytic property ; is an ideal agent for premedication. The intravenous bolus is associated with bradycardia and hypotension; hence we studied the intramuscular route for hemodynamic stability.

: Sixty adult patients of ASA physical status I and II, aged between 18-60 years, posted for ear surgery received intramuscular dexmedetomidine 2.5µg/kg 60 minutes prior to induction of anesthesia as premedication in recovery room with either injection saline bolus in group D (n=30) or intravenous fentanyl 1.5 μg/kg group DF (n=30) 2 mines before induction in operation theatre. Standard induction technique was used. Sedation score and hemodynamic changes during laryngoscopy were recorded.

During laryngoscopy and intubation, transient rise in Heart Rate and Mean arterial pressure seen in Group D as compared to Group DF; (p <0.05); Heart Rate and MAP in group D returned to pre-induction values within 3 minutes of laryngoscopy. No patient suffered from profound sedation at any point of observation.

This study provides evidence that intramuscular dexmedetomidine alone acts as effective premedication agent with attenuation of stress response; and combination of Intramuscular dexmedetomidine and intravenous fentanyl not only attenuate but also prevents stress response to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation.