bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Концептуальні засади розвитку наукової діяльності педагогічного університету на сучасному етапі розвитку суспільства
Authors: Kolomiets Alla , Lazarenko Nataly , Gromov Eugene
Published: October 2017

У статті визначено основні концептуальні засади організації наукової діяльності педагогічних університетів, проблеми  і завдання, що стоять перед ними. З’ясовано, що невирішеними проблемами залишаються: імплементація найсучасніших наукових досягнень у зміст підготовки вчителів-предметників; популяризація і маркетинг науково-педагогічних здобутків; посилення наукових зв’язків з іноземними ВНЗ;  розширення участі в міжнародних наукових проектах тощо.

Визначені основні принципи і пріоритетні напрями наукового забезпечення підготовки висококваліфікованих педагогічних і науково-педагогічних кадрів. Проаналізовані практичні результати організації наукової роботи в педагогічному університеті з урахуванням визначених концептуальних засад.
Упровадження подкастів як засобу формування іншомовної комунікативної компетентності майбутніх економістів
Authors: Lysak Olga
Published: October 2017

Сформована іншомовна компетентність дозволяє студентам брати участь у програмах академічного обміну та надає кращі можливості працевлаштування спеціаліста. У статті розглянуто особливості використання подкастів на заняттях іноземної мови професійного спрямування. Запропоновано інтерактивні методи перевірки розуміння подкастів на слух. Надано огляд найбільш прийнятних ресурсів для використання при формуванні іншомовної комунікативної компетентності майбутніх економістів. Розглянуто шляхи використання подкастів на занятті з метою розвитку навичок аудіювання, говоріння, а також засвоєння лексичного та граматичного матеріалу. У статті надається роз’яснення можливостям самостійної роботи студентів над подкастами.
Сучасні стратегії професійної підготовки майбутнього фахівця дошкільної галузі освіти у ВНЗ України
Authors: Lysenko Nelli
Published: October 2017

У статті проаналізовано актуальні погляди на професійну підготовку майбутніх педагогів ДНЗ з т.з. пошуків шляхів її удосконалення в руслі реформування змісту освіти України на шляху до європейської спільноти
Професійний потенціал майбутніх учителів іноземної мови початкової школи: зміст, завдання, творчість
Authors: Marchii-Dmytrash Tamara
Published: October 2017

У статті актуалізовано і обґрунтовано особливості формування професійного потенціалу майбутніх учителів іноземної мови початкової школи. Проаналізовано підходи вчених щодо визначення специфіки професійного потенціалу. Доведено, що основою творчої професійної діяльності майбутнього педагога є розвиток професійного потенціалу та індивідуальний стиль діяльності, які формуються у ВНЗ.
Noncanonical GA and GG 5′ Intron Donor Splice Sites Are Common in the Copepod Eurytemora affinis
Authors: Robertson Hugh M
Published: October 2017

The noncanonical 5′ intron donor splice sites GA and GG are exceedingly rare in described eukaryotic genomes; however, they are present in ∼12% of introns in the genome of the copepod Eurytemora affinis. Failure to recognize the high frequency of these donor sites compromised the modeling of genes in this newly sequenced genome, including 10 conserved ionotropic glutamate receptor (GluR) family genes curated herein. These introns appear to have been acquired recently, along with many additional idiosyncratic introns. Their high frequency implies the evolution of modified intron donor splice site recognition in this copepod.
Understanding microRNA Regulation Involved in the Metamorphosis of the Veined Rapa Whelk (Rapana venosa)
Authors: Song Hao , Qi Lu , Zhang Tao , Wang Hai-yan
Published: October 2017

The veined rapa whelk (Rapana venosa) is widely consumed in China. Nevertheless, it preys on oceanic bivalves, thereby reducing this resource worldwide. Its larval metamorphosis comprises a transition from pelagic to benthic form, which involves considerable physiological and structural changes and has vital roles in its natural populations and commercial breeding. Thus, understanding the endogenous microRNAs (miRNAs) that drive metamorphosis is of great interest. This is the first study to use high-throughput sequencing to examine the alterations in miRNA expression that occur during metamorphosis in a marine gastropod. A total of 195 differentially expressed miRNAs were obtained. Sixty-five of these were expressed during the transition from precompetent to competent larvae. Thirty-three of these were upregulated and the others were downregulated. Another 123 miRNAs were expressed during the transition from competent to postlarvae. Ninety-six of these were upregulated and the remaining 27 were downregulated. The expression of miR-276-y, miR-100-x, miR-183-x, and miR-263-x showed a >100-fold change during development, while the miR-242-x and novel-m0052-3p expression levels changed over 3000-fold. Putative target gene coexpression, gene ontology, and pathway analyses suggest that these miRNAs play important parts in cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, metabolic regulation, and energy absorption. Twenty miRNAs and their target genes involved in ingestion, digestion, cytoskeleton, cell adhesion, and apoptosis were identified. Nine of them were analyzed with real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which showed an inverse correlation between the miRNAs and their relative expression levels. Our data elucidate the role of miRNAs in R. venosa metamorphic transition and serve as a solid basis for further investigations into regulatory mechanisms of gastropod metamorphosis.
ARSDA: A New Approach for Storing, Transmitting and Analyzing Transcriptomic Data
Authors: Xia Xuhua
Published: October 2017

Two major stumbling blocks exist in high-throughput sequencing (HTS) data analysis. The first is the sheer file size, typically in gigabytes when uncompressed, causing problems in storage, transmission, and analysis. However, these files do not need to be so large, and can be reduced without loss of information. Each HTS file, either in compressed .SRA or plain text .fastq format, contains numerous identical reads stored as separate entries. For example, among 44,603,541 forward reads in the SRR4011234.sra file (from a Bacillus subtilis transcriptomic study) deposited at NCBI’s SRA database, one read has 497,027 identical copies. Instead of storing them as separate entries, one can and should store them as a single entry with the SeqID_NumCopy format (which I dub as FASTA+ format). The second is the proper allocation of reads that map equally well to paralogous genes. I illustrate in detail a new method for such allocation. I have developed ARSDA software that implement these new approaches. A number of HTS files for model species are in the process of being processed and deposited at http://coevol.rdc.uottawa.ca to demonstrate that this approach not only saves a huge amount of storage space and transmission bandwidth, but also dramatically reduces time in downstream data analysis. Instead of matching the 497,027 identical reads separately against the B. subtilis genome, one only needs to match it once. ARSDA includes functions to take advantage of HTS data in the new sequence format for downstream data analysis such as gene expression characterization. I contrasted gene expression results between ARSDA and Cufflinks so readers can better appreciate the strength of ARSDA. ARSDA is freely available for Windows, Linux. and Macintosh computers at http://dambe.bio.uottawa.ca/ARSDA/ARSDA.aspx.
Diferenciación genética de tilapia roja y gris (Oreochromis niloticus) mediante microsatélites y marcadores SCAR como indicadores del sexo genético
Authors: Arqueros Monica , Sánchez Tuesta Linda , Prieto Zulita
Published: October 2017

El objetivo del trabajo fue realizar la estandarización de los protocolos moleculares, diferenciar los linajes de la tilapia roja y gris mediante microsatélites de ADN y evaluar los marcadores SCAR-5F-X/5R y SCAR-5F/5R-Y como indicadores del sexo genético de O. niloticus. El microsatélite UNH106 permitió diferenciar genéticamente los linajes de la tilapia roja de la gris. Los microsatélites UNH136, UNH115 y UNH995 presentaron loci monomórficos tanto en la tilapia roja como en la gris en el lote poblacional del Centro Experimental de Genética de la Universidad Nacional de Trujillo. Se describen los tamaños de fragmentos para los microsatélites y del gen de referencia β actin. También se confirmó la efectividad de los marcadores SCAR como informativos en la determinación del sexo genético evaluados en hembras XX y YY y machos XY y YY de O. niloticus roja y hembras XX y machos XY de O. niloticus gris.
Estudio bioquímico del veneno de la anémona de mar Phymactis papillosa (Actiniidae)
Authors: Cuya Antony , Escobar Enrique
Published: October 2017

En este trabajo se ha estudiado bioquímicamente el veneno de Phymactis papillosa, colectadas en la bahía de Ancón. El veneno fue obtenido mediante shock hipotónico y luego se liofilizó. El análisis electroforético del veneno soluble mostró la presencia de 5 bandas proteicas con pesos moleculares entre 5 y 25.1 kDa.El veneno soluble fue fraccionado por cromatografía de filtración en una columna de Sephadex G-50, obteniéndose cuatro picos de proteína (I, II, III y IV). Tanto en el veneno soluble como en las fracciones colectadas se midió actividad de proteasa, fosfolipasa, hialuronidasa, fosfatasa ácida y fosfatasa alcalina; así como, actividad hemolítica y neurotóxica. Se encontró actividad proteolítica sobre caseína, en el veneno soluble y en los picos I y III. No se detectó actividad de fosfolipasa, hialuronidasa, fosfatasa ácida y fosfatasa alcalina. La actividad hemolítica, ensayada sobre eritrocitos humanos, se encontró en el veneno soluble y en el pico II. Finalmente, tanto el veneno soluble como el pico III mostraron ser neurotóxicos al ser inyectados en ratones albinos vía intraperitoneal. Se concluye que el veneno soluble de P. papillosa tiene actividad proteolítica, hemolítica y neurotóxica.
Presencia de genes rhlAB, rhlR y rhlC en Pseudomonas aeruginosa nativas sobreproductoras de ramnolípidos
Authors: Palomino Roger A. , Romero Guillermo , González-Valdez Abigail , Soberón-Chávez Gloria , Gutiérrez Susana M. , Merino Fernando A.
Published: October 2017

Se realizó la caracterización molecular de los genes asociados a la producción de ramnolípidos (RL), en 61 cepas bacterianas de la colección del Laboratorio de Microbiología y Biotecnología Microbiana (LAMYBIM) de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Perú. Las cepas provenian de entornos peruanos contami-nados con hidrocarburos y fueron catalogadas como sobreproductoras de RL(n= 21), productoras de RL (n= 20) y no productoras de RL (n= 20). Las 61 cepas fueron identificadas bioquímicamente con el sistema API 20 NE. La identificación molecular se realizó empleando el gen del RNAr 16S. Se encontró que Pseudomonas aeruginosa fue el microorganismo de mayor prevalencia en los estratos sobreproductores y productores de ramnolípidos. Además, se encontraron: Burkholderia cepacea, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Aeromonas hydrophila y Chryseobacterium indologenes. Los microorganismos no productores de ramnolípidos, también fueron caracterizados bioquímicamente. Mediante amplificación de PCR y electroforesis en gel de agarosa, estandarizados por la UNAM, se evidenció que las cepas seleccionadas poseen los genes: rhlA, rhlB, rhlR y rhlC. Para el secuenciamiento de la región génica rhLABR, se seleccionaron cuatros especies: Pseudomonas aeruginosa T2X-2, Pseudomonas aeruginosa IIIT1P2, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 6K-11 y Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027, siguiendo metodología estandarizada por la UNAM y fueron comparados con Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. Nuestros resultados muestran que los genes estudiados en las cepas seleccionadas son sinónimas de sus homólogos en la cepa patrón Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, por lo que las diferencias genotípicas que expliquen la sobreproducción de ramnolípidos deberían hallarse en otros marcadores moleculares no cubiertos en el presente estudio.
A New Species of Dodecacius Schwarz (Coleoptera: Elateridae) from Madre de Dios, Peru
Authors: Johnson Paul J.
Published: October 2017

Dodecacius Schwarz is reviewed, it includes two species known only from the eastern lower slopes of the Andes and adjacent Amazonia in southeastern Peru. Dodecacius paititi new species is described. Dodecacius testaceus Schwarz is treated as a new synonym of D. nigricollis Schwarz.
Description of the male of Bistriopelma matuskai Kaderka 2015 and a new species of Bistriopelma from Peru (Araneae: Theraphosidae: Theraphosinae)
Authors: Kaderka Radan
Published: October 2017

The male of Bistriopelma matuskai Kaderka 2015 is described and illustrated, the species is rediagnosed and complemented by new biogeographical data. Additionally, a new species of Bistriopelma, B. titicaca sp. nov., from the Puno region in Peru is described, diagnosed and illustrated. An updated general description and distribution map of Bistriopelma are provided.
Mamíferos y aves silvestres usados por los pobladores de la cuenca del río Abujao (Ucayali, Perú)
Authors: Vela Alvarado Jorge Washinton , Rivas Manuel , Fernández Victor , Clavo Peralta Mirella
Published: October 2017

La Amazonia peruana esta clasificada como un ecosistema mega-diverso. La riqueza de especies de fauna y flora acrecienta la diversidad de la población humana. La cuenca del río Abujao está poblada por mestizos y grupos indígenas Ashéninka y Shipibo-Conibo, los cuales todavía guardan parte de sus tradiciones, conocimientos ancestrales y ecológicos. Esta investigación se realizó con la finalidad de conocer el uso de especies de mamíferos y aves silvestres, por la población indígena y mestiza en la cuenca del río Abujao. Se determinaron categorías de uso; entre las categorías determinadas predomina el mayor conocimiento de mamíferos y aves silvestres para el uso alimenticio, medicinal y comercial; relativamente pocas especies y parte de estas son para uso ritual, mágico y ornamental debido a la pérdida de conocimientos y tradiciones ancestrales. Rescatando estos conocimientos el presente trabajo tiene una gran importancia en la conservación de aves y mamíferos y el conocimiento ecológico de la Amazonía Peruana.
Hallazgo de fimbriocercos de Taenia sp. (Cestoda: Taeniidae) en el ratón orejón de ancas amarillas (Phyllotis xanthopygus)
Authors: Gomez-Puerta Luis A.
Published: October 2017

En el presente trabajo se describe metacestodos colectados del ratón orejón de ancas amarillas (Phyllotis xanthopygus) provenientes del distrito de Marangani en Cusco, Perú. Un total de 6 metacestodos fueron estudiados e identificados como fimbriocercos de Taenia sp. Los fimbriocercos presentaron un cuerpo ligeramente alargado y esférico, con una masa de tejido denso y de color blanquecino lechoso. Cada fimbriocerco presento un escólex invaginado el cual tenía 4 ventosas y un róstelo armado con 22 a 25 pares de ganchos. El estudio demuestra que el ratón P. xanthopygus participa como hospedero intermediario para una especie de Taenia en la sierra sur del Perú.
Registro fotográfico del gato andino (Leopardus jacobita), en la Reserva Nacional Salinas y Aguada Blanca, Perú
Authors: Llerena-Reátegui Gabriel , Pumacota Huachani Mauricio , Machaca Centty John
Published: October 2017

El gato andino es uno de los felinos más raros de América del Sur, se encuentra la categoría de En Peligro, para la UICN. Habita en los altos Andes de Argentina, Bolivia, Chile y Perú. En Perú, se ha reportado en nueve departamentos y en cuatro áreas naturales protegidas. Presentamos dos registros para la Reserva Nacional Salinas y Aguada Blanca, de principios de 2015, en dos localidades diferentes; la primera cerca del pueblo de Pillones y la segunda cerca de Viscachani. Siendo las primeras imágenes para la Reserva Nacional Salinas y Aguada Blanca, registros anteriores fueron de pieles y ADN fecal. Ambos registros son los más recientes para Perú y las primeras imágenes completas de Gato Andino, para el país.
Multiplicación in vitro y embriogénesis somática de Perezia pinnatifida (Asteraceae) planta medicinal andina
Authors: Olivera-Gonzales Percy , Espinoza del Río Rosa , Tamariz-Angeles Carmen
Published: October 2017

Se presentan los procedimientos para la propagación in vitro de Perezia pinnatifida (Humb. & Bonpl.) Wedd., conocida como “valeriana”. Se utilizaron las metodologías de multiplicación de brotes y embriogénesis somática indirecta. El medio de cultivo basal para todas las etapas fue Murashige y Skoog a mitad de sales, suplementado con sacarosa 2.0%, phytagel 0.3% y pH 5.67; y fue usado con o sin fitohormonas en los diferentes tratamientos. Los suplementos hormonales fueron: para la multiplicación de brotes BAP 1.0 mg.L-1 + ANA 0.01 mg.L-1 ó BAP 1.0 mg.L-1; para la inducción de callos embriogénicos ANA ó 2,4-D (1.0 mg.L-1 y 2.0 mg.L-1); y para la germinación de embriones BAP (0.5 y 1.0 mg.L-1) o BAP 0.5 mg.L-1 + ANA 0.05mg.L-1. El mayor número de brotes se obtuvo el medio suplementado con BAP 1.0 mg.L-1. En la embriogénesis somática, ANA a 1.0 mg.L-1 indujo mayor área de callos embriogénicos, y BAP a 0.5 mg.L-1 permitió mayor germinación de los embriones somáticos.
Bűnözői típusok azonosítása a bűncselekmény-narratívumokban
Authors: Boros János , Kovács Zsuzsanna , Patyi Dániel , Szucsáki Melinda , Kovács Katalin
Published: October 2017

Háttér és célkitűzések

Magyarországon elsőként került alkalmazásra a Canter és Youngs-féle interjú módszer (Canter és Youngs, 2012), amelynek célja bűnelkövetői típusokat azonosítani a bűncselekmény-narratíva alapján. Négy bűnelkövetői típusról beszélhetünk: a Profi hideg fejjel hajtja végre a bűncselekményt, a Bosszúálló úgy tekint önmagára, mint aki küldetést teljesít, a Tragikus hős nem tudja elkerülni az események kedvezőtlen kibontakozását, az Áldozat pedig környezetét hibáztatja a bűncselekmény kapcsán.

Módszer

101 fogvatartott vett részt a vizsgálatban Magyarország három börtönéből. A Canter-Youngs Narrative Experience interjú és a hozzá tartozó kérdőívcsomag került rögzítésre. Az interjúk szövegét három kódoló értékelte.

Eredmények

Mind a négy elkövetői típus azonosítható a vizsgálatban részt vevő bűnözők között: a megoszlásuk azonban nem egyenletes, a Profik száma lényegesen nagyobb volt, mint a többi típus képviselőié.

Következtetések

A Profik jelentős többsége a mintában tükrözi a hazai bűnelkövetői populáció jellemzőit: az ún. szubkulturális bűnözők érzelmi és viselkedési mintázata azonosítható náluk. Eredményeink illeszkednek a brit kutatók eredményeihez, ezért a vizsgálat további folytatása és nemzetközi kibővítése is javasolt.
Assessment of the Knowledge of the Decimal Number System Exhibited by Students with Down Syndrome
Authors: Noda Aurelia , Bruno Alicia
Published: October 2017

This paper presents an assessment of the understanding of the decimal numeral system in students with Down Syndrome (DS). We followed a methodology based on a descriptive case study involving six students with DS. We used a framework of four constructs (counting, grouping, partitioning and numerical relationships) and five levels of thinking for each one. The results of this study indicate the variability of the six students in the five levels and in their mastery of the constructs. The grouping construct, which is essential to a proper development of the others, proved complex for the students. In general, we found that these students have a better procedural than conceptual understanding. However, the skills displayed by two of the students in the study group are encouraging with a view to advancing the number knowledge of these individuals.
The Influence of Occupational Socialization on Novice Teachers’ Practical Knowledge, Confidence and Teaching in Physical Education
Authors: Romar Jan-Erik , Frisk Alexandra
Published: October 2017

The purpose of this qualitative multiple-case study was to examine the influence of occupational socialization on three novice physical education teachers’ practical knowledge, confidence in teaching content and enacted pedagogical practices. This study involved three novice teachers who taught in Finnish primary schools. Data sources included nonparticipant lesson observations and semi-structured in-depth teacher interviews. The analysis occurred in two phases. Initially, we created a case narrative for each teacher with respect to the research questions through an inductive process that integrated the occupational socialization theory. For the second phase, a cross-case analysis was completed to provide a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the data set. Each teacher’s occupational socialization experiences influenced their teaching confidence, planning practices and enacted pedagogical actions. In addition, the teacher education program experience extended their practical knowledge and was evident in their PE teaching. Therefore, in designing the pedagogical structure in teacher education, it is essential to consider pre-service teachers’ experiences about teaching, schooling, sport and physical education and thereby strengthen their knowledge and skills of how to teach physical education and provide students with quality learning experiences.
“Dedícate a Otra Cosa”: Estudio Autobiográfico del Desarrollo Profesional de un Docente Universitario de Educación Física
Authors: Hortigüela Alcalá David , Hernando Garijo Alejandra
Published: October 2017

Los estudios autobiográficos han demostrado una contribución científica elevada y una verdadera utilidad para comprender los fenómenos educativos en Educación Física (EF). El presente trabajo analiza el recorrido formativo y profesional de un docente universitario que actualmente trabaja en la formación inicial de maestros de EF. Son tres fases periódicas principales las que se han analizado: (1) “Finalización de los primeros estudios universitarios”, (2) “Comienzo como docente en la universidad” y (3) “Tras seis años como docente en la universidad”. Como instrumento de recogida de datos se empleó el diario reflexivo del docente. Tres categorías estructuran los resultados: (1) “Concepción y reflexión sobre la EF”, (2) “Vocación y satisfacción en la profesión del docente de EF” y (3)“Objetivos, líneas de promoción y mejoras futuras”. Se refleja cómo la vocación del docente y su motivación por ser profesor de EF condujeron a la obtención de diversos méritos y de reconocimiento académico. Además, se muestra el progresivo autoconocimiento personal y profesional que el docente experimentó a lo largo del tiempo. Se concluye en la importancia que tiene un buen asesoramiento académico desde la educación obligatoria y la relevancia de la autoconfianza para conseguir los retos formativos y profesionales futuros.
Understanding the Motivations: a Qualitative Analysis of Israelis Holding a Bachelor's Degree who Pursue an MBA Abroad
Authors: Sasson Ayelet
Published: October 2017

Motivations for study abroad have been studied mostly from a quantitative point of view. This study attempted to understand those motivations through qualitative methodology, by getting "into the heads" of international students using a multiple case study approach. Participants were 15 Israeli Hebrew-speaking graduates. Data sources included in-depth interviews with the students, a business professor, as well as official program documents. Findings show that while intrinsic motivations recur in the data, that are in essence the selling points of an MBA, stressing experience and gaining knowledge and skills, the dominant motivations are instrumental and at times even fantastic and extreme, although presented implicitly in the discourse. All these motivations reflect a mismatch between students’ perceptions of MBA education and the actual reality of getting a graduate business degree abroad, which has serious ramifications for students' learning experience and the way in which efforts and resources are prioritized.
‘Because Sometimes Your Failures Can Also Teach You Certain Skills’: Lecturer and Student Perceptions of Employability Skills at a Transnational University
Authors: Paterson Richard
Published: October 2017

This exploratory study investigates lecturers’ and students’ understanding of the concepts and language underpinning higher education strategies of developing employability skills. While a solid grounding in discipline-specific knowledge and skills is what most graduate degrees aim at providing, employability skills are increasingly becoming an important factor when evaluating prospective employees. Embedding the acquisition of employability skills into higher education courses has emerged as a response to industry demands for work-ready graduates. The forces of internationalisation and globalisation mean that employers the world over are looking for graduates with additional soft skills, abilities and achievements. The context for this study is Westminster International University, Tashkent (WIUT), a transnational university in Uzbekistan. By means of a qualitative case study, the views of lecturers and students were investigated and common themes and perspectives identified. The main findings indicate that although students and lecturers share similar perspectives on the importance of employability skills, the purpose of employability focused pedagogy is not easily communicated to students. Furthermore, students feel that a more systematic approach to recognising and demonstrating employability skills would help them in their transition from education to work.
Stroking the Net Whale: a Constructivist Grounded Theory of Self-Regulated Learning in Virtual Social Spaces
Authors: Kasperiuniene Judita , Zydziunaite Vilma , Eriksson Malin
Published: October 2017

This qualitative study explored the self-regulated learning (SRL) of teachers and their students in virtual social spaces. The processes of SRL were analyzed from 24 semi-structured individual interviews with professors, instructors and their students from five Lithuanian universities. A core category stroking the net whale showed the process of SRL skills development of university teachers and their students. This core category was constructed from three categories: building boats, angling in the multifaceted ocean, nurturing the big fish. Building boats showed social networking and identity marketing processes which are the same for both research participant groups. Angling in the multifaceted ocean implied personal capabilities and mutual trust dimensions, applicable to both teachers and students. Other dimensions of Angling in the multifaceted ocean differ: maintenance of liquid identities was observed for teachers; students stressed reinforcement of formal studies in virtual social spaces. Nurturing the big fish for both participant groups means academic communication; for university teachers, it also means professional knowledge development, and for students, virtual learning skills development. These findings contribute to understanding how the SRL of university teachers and their students progresses in virtual social spaces.
Reflexiones sobre derecho y transferencias electrónicas de fondos –TEF– en Colombia
Authors: Durán Vinazco Ricardo
Published: October 2017

El problema de investigación jurídico respecto de las Transferencias Electrónicas de Fondos –TEF– en Colombia, consiste en que no existe un tratamiento jurídico sistematizado de las mismas, por lo que la respuesta a su regulación se ha dejado a la iniciativa de los particulares, específicamente de las entidades financieras, en ejercicio del principio de la autonomía privada de la voluntad material, no obstante alguna regulación dispersa y la expedición de la Ley 1735 de 2014 sobre “Sociedades especializadas en depósitos y pagos electrónicos”. En este escrito se pretende dar una visión general sobre dicho tratamiento jurídico en Colombia, destacando la importancia que las mismas revisten, su ubicación al interior del Sistema de pagos, refiriendo algunos aspectos prácticos y la pluralidad de intervinientes, para presentar una definición y la regulación actualmente existente en Colombia, poniendo de presente algunos de los problemas más interesantes de esta temática como pueden ser su revocabilidad, la tecnología y los aspectos cambiarios. De acuerdo con Witker (2000) la metodología empleada es la teórico documental, la cual está compuesta de análisis bibliográficos, implementación del método dogmático (interpretación) y en su caso en la construcción de líneas jurisprudenciales, que en el presente trabajo no se hacen. Al final se presentarán algunas conclusiones.
Análisis de la investigación de la desaparición forzada de 43 estudiantes de Ayotzinapa y la responsabilidad internacional del Estado mexicano
Authors: Díaz Omar Huertas , Núñez Christian Benítez , Carmona Waldina Gómez , Martínez Gutiérrez Luis Eduardo , Trujillo González José Saúl
Published: October 2017

El presente artículo tiene como finalidad analizar a profundidad el proceso de investigación llevado a cabo por el Estado mexicano para dar con el paradero de 43 estudiantes normalistas víctimas del delito de desaparición forzada a manos de las fuerzas armadas y del grupo criminal denominado “Guerreros Unidos” la noche del 26 de septiembre de 2014, para así identificar los aciertos, errores y omisiones en cada una de las actuaciones del Estado con base en un orden jurídico vinculante integrado tanto por el derecho nacional como por el derecho supranacional. Para finalmente, determinar si existe o no, responsabilidad internacional del Estado mexicano dentro del Sistema Interamericano de Derechos Humanos.
Correlation between postpartum depression and omega-3, micronutrients
Authors: Mermer Meltem , Şanlıer Nevin
Published: October 2017

In recent years, attention has been called to the link between nutrition and mental health. Postpartum depression is an important depressive disorder which often arises 6 to 12 weeks after giving birth and can happen at any time within one year. Postpartum depression prevalence is around 20% worldwide. Genetic predisposition and environmental factors, as well as certain social, psychological and biological factors constitute risk factors for postpartum depression. While malnutrition is among the biological factors, there is a correlation between nutrients such as folic acid, vitamin B₁₂, vitamin D, iron, selenium, zinc, and n-3 fatty acids and psychological state. The nutrients that claim most attention relating to postpartum depression are n-3 essential fatty acids. Insufficient intake of n-3, folic acid, vitamins B and iron is observed in pregnant women. Failing to meet the needs of the mother due to malnutrition during pregnancy can increase the risk of depleting the body’s nutrient reserves and developing postpartum. This risk factor needs to be kept in check by determining and keeping track of the nutrient needs of the mother during the perinatal period.
Active management of third stage of labour with special reference to misoprostol
Authors: Ahmed Mariyam S. , Bhalerao Anand N.
Published: October 2017

Active management of third stage of labour is an effective method of preventing postpartum hemorrhage. It includes administration of uterotonic immediately after delivery of the baby, delaying cord clamping for at least 1-3 minutes to reduce rates of infant anaemia, performing controlled cord traction for removing the placenta and postpartum vigilance, ie, assess the uterine tone to ensure a contracted uterus; and continue to check every 15 minutes for 2 hours. If there is uterine atony, fundal massage should be performed and patient should be monitored more frequently. Though oxytocin is the best drug for routine prophylaxis, misoprostol is a relatively newer drug which is now included in the various guidelines for prevention and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage. It can be used as an effective and safe drug in areas with poor access to skilled healthcare providers and facilities.
Primary amenorrhea: a clinical review
Authors: Samal Rupal , Habeebullah Syed
Published: October 2017

Primary amenorrhoea is a symptom with an extensive list of underlying causes, the majority of which are rare. According to the definition it should present in adolescence, although some conditions are diagnosed in childhood may present with failure of menstruation. Many causes of secondary amenorrhoea can also present with primary amenorrhoea if they arise very early in life. A systematic, compartment based approach will cover the commoner causes of primary amenorrhoea and recommend a pragmatic but cost-effective approach to achieve correct diagnosis. Treatment must be directed at the specific cause but has often wider implications for life long wellbeing like weight management, hormone replacement, sexual health and fertility.
Knowledge, attitude and practice of contraception by female junior secondary school students in an urban community of Oyo-state, South west, Nigeria
Authors: Idowu Ajibola , Aremu Olatayo A. , Fehintola Funmito O. , Popoola Gbenga O.
Published: October 2017

Background: Unintended pregnancies resulting in several maternal morbidities and mortalities are still a major public health challenge in most parts of the world. Female secondary school students are particularly vulnerable due to their engagement in unsafe sex and low uptake of family planning services. The study assessed respondents’ level of knowledge on, attitude to and practice of family planning.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 240 consenting female junior secondary school students in two public schools in Ogbomoso, South West Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling method was employed in recruiting the study participants and facilitated self-administered semi-structured questionnaire used for data collection. Descriptive statistics was done and Chi-square test used to compare categorical variables. The level of statistical significance was set at p <0.05.Results: The mean age of the respondents was 13.6±2.3 and 69.5% of them were early adolescents (10-13years of age). Almost all (92.3%) of the respondents were aware of family planning but only 58.1% and 55.3% of them had good knowledge on and positive attitudes towards family planning respectively. In all, 64.0% of the sexually active respondents had ever used family planning. Condom was the commonest family planning method ever used; reported by 65.0% of those who had ever used family planning. Fear of side effects was the main reason among non-users.Conclusions: Family planning uptake among sexually active female students is low in Southwest Nigeria. There is urgent need for aggressive awareness campaigns to improve the knowledge score and attitude of students to family planning in Nigeria.
Intrapartum ultrasound to predict vaginal labor: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Ingeberg Helene , Miskova Anna , Andzane Diana
Published: October 2017

Background: Non-invasive transperineal ultrasound has been used to detect the descent of the fetal head using head-perineum distance (HPD) and angle of progression (AOP). The aim was to evaluate HPD and AOP as predictors of vaginal delivery in the first stage of labor.Methods: This was a prospective cohort study in Riga Maternity Hospital in Latvia from May till August 2016. The study included only nulliparous women with singleton pregnancies and cephalic presentation. Ultrasound was used to measure HPD and AOP. Data was collected on demographics, labor parameters and outcome.Results: Of 36 women enrolled, 26 (72.2%) had a vaginal delivery. The area under the receiver–operating characteristics curve for the prediction of vaginal delivery was 0.865 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.75-0.98) using HPD as the test variable and the area under the curve was 0.877 (95% CI 0.77-0.99) for AOP. The median HPD was lower in the women delivering vaginally than in the women delivering by cesarean section (P<0.001). HPD was ≤40 mm in 18 (50%) women, of whom all delivered vaginally. HPD was >40 mm in the other 18 women, of whom 8 (22.2%) delivered vaginally (P<0.001). AOP was ≥105° in 22 (61.1%) women and, of these, 21 delivered vaginally. AOP was <105° in the other 14 (38.9%) women, of whom 5 delivered vaginally (P<0.001).Conclusions: HPD ≤40 mm and AOP ≥105° are both predictive of vaginal delivery in the first stage of labor.
The use of misoprostol in outpatient treatment of abortions in the first quarter of pregnancy in Dakar
Authors: Niang M. M. , Augowet N. A. Fall , Diallo D. , Thiam M. , Moreau J. C. , Cisse C. T.
Published: October 2017

Background: The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of misoprostol comparing to MVA in support of abortion from the first quarter.Methods: This was a prospective, descriptive and analytical study (case-control study) made between January 1st and December 31st, 2015 in a level 1 maternity in Dakar.Results: The study included316 first trimester abortions (158 were treated with misoprostol and 158 with MVA). The epidemiological profile was a woman aged on average 28.5 years and nulliparous (37%). The mean gestational age was 8 weeks 6 days. The rate of complete uterine evacuation was comparable in both groups (93% for misoprostol versus 94.3%for MVA) with a non-significant p-value. Side effects found (40.8%) were minor. The hospital stay averaged two hours in the misoprostol group against 24 hours for MVA. Anaemia was more common in the MVA group (44.1%) than in the misoprostol group (23.6%) (p = 0.0006). The cost of treatment with misoprostol (5620 CFA francs) was on average four times less than that of MVA (21,623 CFA francs).Conclusions: Misoprostol can be seen as a credible alternative in the management of first quarter abortions because of its many advantages including its effectiveness, its easiness to be used in ambulatory, its low cost and safety.
Family planning KAP survey in the Southern Region of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Dhaher Enas A.
Published: October 2017

Background: Family planning practices could be determined through adopting proper knowledge and positive couple attitudes towards the use of family planning which would most likely result in favourable family decisions which would benefitted both the individual and the overall country welfare.Methods: A cross sectional study has been conducted using a structured questionnaire administered through face-to-face interview to a convenient sample of 151 pregnant women attending the obstetrics and gynaecology outpatient clinic at the Armed Forces Hospital in the southern region of Saudi Arabia in December 2014.Results: The results revealed that modern methods were popular among women. In general we found positive attitudes towards family planning among the sampled women as two third of the women have ever used contraceptives. However, the present study showed that 34% of women had unmet need of family planning. Women’s age, marriage years and number of children were all found to be associated factors with unmet need.Conclusions: National organized family planning programs might help satisfying the family planning needs for the families. Further studies regarding southern men’s knowledge and attitudes towards family planning is recommended.
The effect of previous obstetric interventions in the outcome of placenta previa
Authors: Nair Deepti Bhaskaran , Murukesan Lekshmi , Menon Sangeetha
Published: October 2017

Background: Increase in the incidence of prior caesarean section and other obstetric interventions have contributed to a rise in the number of pregnancies complicated by placenta previa and its associated adverse maternal and perinatal outcome. This study compared the incidence of placenta previa, associated risk factors, placental position, complications and feto-maternal outcome in scarred and unscarred uterus. Objective of present study was to compare the antepartum, intrapartum and postpartum complications in placenta previa between previously scarred uterus and unscarred uterus.Methods: This was a prospective “nested” case control study for a period of 18 months, conducted at SAT Hospital, Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram with diagnosed cases of placenta previa with previously scarred uterus and without a previously scarred uterus. Statistical method used for analysis was chi-square test and students test wherever appropriate. P<0.05 was taken as significant.Results: In this study of 242 patients, there were 134 in the case group and 108 in the control group. The major types of previa were seen in the previously scarred uterus compared to unscarred uterus (55.9% versus 37.9%). Occurrence of recurrent APH (58.9% Vs 41.6%), postpartum haemorrhage (69.4% Vs 48.1%), adherent placenta (5.9% versus 0%) and need for additional operative procedures (66.4% versus 53.7%) including obstetric hysterectomy, need for blood transfusions, postoperative complications (9.7% versus 1.8%), long postoperative hospital stay were all significantly associated with cases of placenta previa in previously scarred uterus.Conclusions: The primary caesarean rate needs to be reduced in order to reduce future pregnancy problems like adherent placenta and caesarean hysterectomy. Such patients need early referral and management in a tertiary health centre with all facilities available for a better maternal and neonatal outcome.
Prevalence of anemia in pregnant mothers and their outcome: a study in a semi urban area
Authors: Srilatha Juvvadi
Published: October 2017

Background: One of the most common disorders associated with nutritional deficiencies is anaemia. The etiology of anemia during pregnancy among women in developing countries is multifactorial and varies by geographic region. Hence this study was conducted to assess the prevalence of anemia among the pregnant women in our geographical area along with the outcome.Methods: The patients age, weight, BMI, parity, etc were noted and blood was collected for blood investigations which included random sugar levels, complete blood picture apart feom haemoglobin levels. Hemoglobin was calculated by Sahli’s method and classified according to the WHO classification for pregnant women.Results: The predominant age group of the 486 patients was 20-24 years, followed by 25-29 years. 291 out of the 486 patients (59.9%) were anemic and 40.1% of the patients were non anemic. 19.8% of the patients had mild anemia, 33.3% of the patients had moderate anemia, and 6.8% of the patients had severe anemia.Conclusions: Information and interaction, and good nutritional diet and medication is important to reduce the incidences of anemia and thereby the morbidity and mortality associated with it.
Left ventricular dysfunction in preeclampsia: an echocardiographic study
Authors: Sengodan Subha Sivagami , Dhanapal Mohana , Pandian Anbarasi
Published: October 2017

Background: Preeclampsia is a pregnancy specific disorder which constitutes hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation. It is a multisystem disorder of unknown etiology. Preeclampsia is associated with significantly higher prevalence of asymptomatic global left ventricular function and myocardial injury than uneventful pregnancy. This study was undertaken to evaluate the Left ventricular changes in preeclamptic women and to compare with normotensive women.Methods: This prospective study on left ventricular systolic and diastolic function by echocardiography was undertaken in normal and preeclamptic pregnant women who got admitted during the period of one year from January 2015 to December 2015 at Government Mohan Kumaramangalam Medical College and Hospital, Salem. Study population was divided into two groups. GROUP 1-Preeclamptic pregnant women GROUP 2-Normotensive pregnant women as control.Results: There were significant differences in the mean end diastolic dimensions when compared to systolic dimension between two groups.Conclusions: Women with preeclampsia have significant systolic and diastolic dysfunction compared to normotensive pregnant women. Effective management of patients who showed left ventricular dysfunction prevented pulmonaryedema and cardiac failure. This study emphasizes the importance of identifying this subset of preeclamptic patients with ECHO changes who are at higher risk of developing cardiovascular complications later in life by undergoing echocardiography.
Elective induction versus spontaneous labor at term: prospective study of outcome and complications
Authors: Babu Sagarika , M. Lakshmi Manjeera
Published: October 2017

Background: This study aims at identifying the association between inductions of labor in nullipara and multipara to caesarean delivery and other associated maternal and neonatal outcomes.Methods: The study subjects were divided into two groups, elective induction group and spontaneous labor group. They were matched for maternal age, parity and gestational age. Duration of first and second stage of labor, mode of delivery, if caesarean section, indication for caesarean section and its relation to Bishop score, maternal age, birth weight was analyzed. Maternal intrapartum and post-partum complications and fetal outcome were also analyzed.Results: Out of the 400 women in the study, 200 were induced and 200 were those who went into spontaneous labor. The rate of cesarean section rate among induced group is 31% and was statistically significant. But the analysis of the same after excluding risk factors like nulliparity, Bishop score <5 and birth weight >3.5 kg it was found that the rate of cesarean section is 37.1%, but was statistically not significant when compared to the spontaneous group.There was significant decrease in the duration of second stage of labor in the induced primipara group with p value of 0.038. There was no significant difference in the maternal and neonatal complications.Conclusions: This study concludes that elective induction in carefully selected low risk population, excluding the above-mentioned risk factors does not pose any increased risk of cesarean section. Elective induction does not cause any increased risk to mother and fetus.
Obstetric outcome in twin gestation with reference to chorionicity
Authors: Murukesan Lekshmi , Brahmanandan Mayadevi , Sujamol Jacob Sujamol
Published: October 2017

Background: Monochorionic twin pregnancies are at greater risk for growth abnormalities and other complications. This study aims to outline the obstetric problems faced by twins in general and also to determine the influence of chorionicity on pregnancy and perinatal outcome in twins. Objective of present study was to compare the obstetric and perinatal outcome between monochorionic and dichorionic twins.Methods: A clinical non-interventional prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital over a period of 1 year. 232cases of twin pregnancies were followed up from first trimester. The antepartum complications, mode of delivery, presentation, pregnancy outcome, condition of babies and perinatal mortality were compared between mono-chorionic and dichorionic twins.Results: Among 232 cases of twins studied, 2/3rd were dichorionic and 1/3rd were monochorionic. The mean gestational age for Monochorionic (MC) twins was 33.2 weeks whereas it was 35.6 weeks for Dichorionic (DC) twins. Preterm delivery was significantly associated with mono-chorionicity. Elective CS was done more for MC twins compared to DC twins. The mean birth weight of MC twins was 1.7 kg compared to 2.1 kg among DC twins. Low APGAR scores were seen in 31.3% of MC twins compared to 15.8% of DC twins. The number of asphyxiated babies (12.5%), stillborn (7.5%) and macerated babies (10%) were more in MC group in comparison to DC group where it was (9.9%, 2.1%, 0.7%) respectively. Risk of IBN admissions were more in MC than DC twins. (31.3% Vs 21.1%) Adverse perinatal outcome was associated more with MC pregnancies (37.5%) than DC. (11.8%).Conclusions: Mono-chorioncity was significantly associated with pregnancy complications and adverse perinatal outcome. Hence early diagnosis of chorionicity and referral to a tertiary centre with fetal medicine unit and newborn care is very important in reducing morbidity and perinatal mortality among MC twins.