bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Right-Turn Flashing Yellow Arrow for Vehicle–Pedestrian Interactions Using a Non-Probabilistic Regression Approach
Authors: Nassereddine Hiba , Santiago-Chaparro Kelvin R. , Noyce David A.
Published: June 2023

Using video, interactions between right-turning vehicles and pedestrians were documented for sites with a permissive circular green or a flashing yellow arrow (FYA) permissive right-turn indication. Timestamps associated with key vehicle and pedestrian positions were documented and used to calculate three metrics: time for driver to complete right turn (with and without a pedestrian presence) and the time for the pedestrian to arrive at the theoretical conflict point of vehicle–pedestrian interactions. Using timestamp data, multiple non-probabilistic linear regression models were created to describe the relationship between the position of the pedestrian within the crosswalk and the time for a right-turning vehicle maneuver to be completed. Model results implicitly describe the attitude of drivers toward pedestrian presence on the crosswalk. Larger right-turning maneuver completion times are arguably an indicator of greater respect toward pedestrian presence. Given the nature of the model’s output, a pedestrian respect indicator (PRI) based on the value of model parameters is introduced as a potential indicator of the safety of vehicle–pedestrian interactions. PRI values can be computed for individual sites thus allowing its use as a safety indicator. The higher the PRI, the more “respect” toward pedestrians. Proof-of-concept modeling results based on available timestamp data suggest that interactions controlled by a right-turn FYA indication have a higher PRI than interactions controlled by a circular green. An argument is made that PRI values can be potentially used to proactively evaluate the effectiveness of traffic control devices and other safety countermeasures without the need for crash data.
Order Dispatching in Ride-Pooling with Walking Points Search
Authors: Park Seong-Yeon , Joo Yang-Jun , Kim Dong-Kyu
Published: June 2023

Ride-pooling has significantly enhanced the system efficiency of current on-demand ride-sharing services. However, as the numbers of on-board passengers increase, more detours inevitably occur since ride-pooling provides door-to-door service for everyone. To solve this problem, we focus on rider-participating dispatch by searching walking points, equivalent to alternative pick-up points from origins and alternative drop-off points from destinations. Based on the existing framework for large-scale ride-pooling, we develop our walking point search algorithm, which finds cost-minimizing alternatives. In addition, our approach enables the model to reflect the sensitivity of riders to given walking points by introducing the probability of riders’ acceptance. We conduct a simulation with the Yellow Cap Taxi data set in New York City to validate and compare with the base model, which does not include walking. The results show an increase from 69.56% to 77.84% in the service rate, an improvement of 18.2% in delay time, and 8.6% in in-vehicle time. With the increased service rate, the average travel times of vehicles are reduced by 1.5%, allowing drivers to spend more time rebalancing. Furthermore, we show that the effect of walking is maximized in high-demand areas during peak hours. This study demonstrates that walking can substantially enhance operational efficiency, mitigating the supply-demand imbalance with limited fleets. The proposed model can also be used in optimizing the meeting points for various high-capacity vehicles, such as on-demand shuttles.
Ensuring efficient development of personalized medicine by addressing regulatory needs: What role can research infrastructures play?
Authors: Capone Francesca , Morrow David , Moretti Franca
Published: June 2023

Personalized Medicine is a novel medical practice that uses an individual's genetic profile to guide decisions made regarding the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of disease. Knowledge of a patient's genetic profile is crucial to support doctors in selecting the proper therapy and administer it using the correct dose or regimen. Personalized Medicine is a great opportunity to turn the “one size fits all” approach to diagnostics, therapy, and prevention, into an individualized approach. In this paper we analyze the most recent achievements and regulatory challenges in Personalized Medicine and the role that research infrastructures can play in advancing its development.
Examining the Association of Social Isolation and Smoking in Older Adults
Authors: Gimm Gilbert , Pomeroy Mary Louise , Galiatsatos Panagis , Cudjoe Thomas K. M.
Published: June 2023

Background: Tobacco use remains a leading cause of preventable death among older adults, but few studies have examined social isolation as a risk factor for smoking in US. older adults. Methods: Using National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) data, we conducted multivariate analyses of smoking in a sample of 8136 adults ages 65 and older. Results: Social isolation and severe isolation were associated with higher odds of smoking (OR: 2.48 and 5.48, p = 0.002 and p < 0.001). Individuals with mild (OR: 1.46, p = 0.006), moderate (OR: 1.80, p = 0.001), or severe (OR: 3.05, p = 0.001) symptoms of depression/anxiety also had higher odds of smoking. Conclusions: Social isolation is a significant risk factor for smoking in US older adults. Further research is needed to support the development of interventions to reduce social isolation and smoking behavior in older adults.
National Trends in Buprenorphine Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder From 2007 to 2018
Authors: Schuler Megan S. , Saloner Brendan , Gordon Adam J. , Dick Andrew W. , Stein Bradley D.
Published: June 2023

Background:

Buprenorphine is a key medication to treat opioid use disorder (OUD). Since its approval in 2002, buprenorphine access has grown markedly, spurred by major federal and state policy changes. This study characterizes buprenorphine treatment episodes during 2007 to 2018 with respect to payer, provider specialty, and patient demographics.

Methods:

In this observational cohort study, IQVIA Real World pharmacy claims data were used to characterize trends in buprenorphine treatment episodes across four time periods: 2007-2009, 2010-2012, 2013-2015, and 2016-2018.

Results:

In total, we identified more than 4.1 million buprenorphine treatment episodes among 2 540 710 unique individuals. The number of episodes doubled from 652 994 in 2007-2009 to 1 331 980 in 2016-2018. Our findings indicate that the payer landscape changed dramatically, with the most pronounced growth observed for Medicaid (increased from 17% of episodes in 2007-2009 to 37% of episodes in 2016-2018), accompanied by relative declines for both commercial insurance (declined from 35 to 21%) and self-pay (declined from 27 to 11%). Adult primary care providers (PCPs) were the dominant prescribers throughout the study period. The number of episodes among adults older than 55 increased more than 3-fold from 2007-2009 to 2016-2018. In contrast, youth under age 18 experienced an absolute decline in buprenorphine treatment episodes. Buprenorphine episodes increased in length from 2007-2018, particularly among adults over age 45.

Conclusions:

Our findings demonstrate that the U.S. experienced clear growth in buprenorphine treatment—particularly for older adults and Medicaid beneficiaries—reflecting some key health policy and implementation success stories. Yet, since the prevalence of OUD and fatal overdose rate have also approximately doubled during this period, the observed growth in buprenorphine treatment did not demonstrably impact the pronounced treatment gap. To date, only a minority of individuals with OUD currently receive treatment, indicating continued need for systemic efforts to equitably improve treatment uptake.
Digital Redlining: The Relevance of 20th Century Housing Policy to 21st Century Broadband Access and Education
Authors: Skinner Benjamin T. , Levy Hazel , Burtch Taylor
Published: June 2023

Broadband is not equally accessible among students despite its increasing importance to education. We investigate the relationship between broadband and housing policy by joining two measures of broadband access with Depression-era redlining maps that classified neighborhoods based in part on racist and classist beliefs. We find that despite internet service provider self-reports of similar technological availability, broadband access generally decreases in tandem with historic neighborhood classification, with further heterogeneity by race/ethnicity and income. Our findings demonstrate how past federally-developed housing policies connect to the digital divide and should be considered in educational policies that require broadband for success.
Clinicians’ perspectives on why young Aboriginal people are not testing for sexually transmissible infections in Western Sydney
Authors: Ubrihien Ashley , Lewis David A , Rambaldini Boe , Kirwan Morwenna , Gwynne Kylie
Published: June 2023

Background

Incidence of sexually transmissible infections (STI) amongst young Aboriginal people in Australia are significantly higher compared to the wider population. Low levels of engagement with public sexual health services also exacerbates health inequity. This study sought to understand the access barriers facing Aboriginal People with local Sexual Health services from the perspective of local clinicians within Western Sydney.

Methods

Six clinicians (six registered nurses, two medical practitioners) and two social workers, working in a Sexual Health service, were interviewed using a semi-structure questionnaire. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Interview texts were analysed using NVIVO 12 and a thematic analysis undertaken.

Results

Thematic analysis revealed three broad themes: personal, practical, and programmatic. Clinicians believed the involvement of Aboriginal people in service delivery would contribute to greater inclusion and more culturally competent services. Clinicians also considered that young Aboriginal people were unaware of the risks of untreated STIs, and that greater STI-related education regarding risk and prevention may reduce STI incidence and improve participation in services. Clinicians believed that culturally-competent STI education would be more effective if co-designed with the local Aboriginal community. Clinicians identified that Aboriginal young people were concerned about their privacy when accessing services, and that barriers could be reduced by greater community engagement in service delivery design and quality improvement initiatives.

Conclusion

The three themes identified in this study provide guidance for service providers about approaches that may enhance the access, participation, and cultural safety sexual health services for Aboriginal clients.
Indicators of trustworthiness in lay-friendly research summaries: Scientificness surpasses easiness
Authors: Jonas Mark , Kerwer Martin , Chasiotis Anita , Rosman Tom
Published: June 2023

Lay readers’ trust in scientific texts can be shaped by perceived text easiness and scientificness. The two effects seem vital in a time of rapid science information sharing, yet have so far only been examined separately. A preregistered online study was conducted to assess them jointly, to probe for author and text trustworthiness overlap, and to investigate interindividual influences on the effects. N = 1467 lay readers read four short research summaries, with easiness and scientificness (high vs low) being experimentally varied. A more scientific writing style led to higher perceived author and text trustworthiness. Higher personal justification belief, lower justification by multiple-sources belief, and lower need for cognitive closure attenuated the influence of scientificness on trustworthiness. However, text easiness showed no influence on trustworthiness and no interaction with text scientificness. Implications for future studies and suggestions for enhancing the perceived trustworthiness of research summaries are discussed.
Poverty or Racism? A Re-Analysis of Briggs et al. 2022
Authors: Drake Brett , Jones Dylan , Chen Jun-Hong , Font Sarah , Putnam-Hornstein Emily , Barth Richard P. , Jonson-Reid Melissa
Published: June 2023

Purpose: This paper presents a re-analysis of the National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System (NCANDS) data presented by Briggs et al. (2022). Methods: We review five components of that article: The aims, variables, analytic strategy, analysis, and conclusions. Results: We conclude that several of the NCANDS variables used are invalid at the national level, and that this is sufficient to call the research into question. We find concerning issues in analytic strategy and analysis as well, many stemming from a failure to account for the serious underreporting of services in NCANDS, and the wide variability in data quality and consistency across states. We also found what we consider to be issues with their statistical analysis. Discussion: The reanalysis presented in this article shows no pattern of disparate within Child Protective Services (CPS) outcomes by race and, therefore, no support for the Briggs et al. claim of pervasive anti-Black racism within the CPS system.
Repercussions and Legacy of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Manaus, Brazil: The Health Managers’ Perspective
Authors: Lima Kássia Janara Veras , de Lacerda Marcus Vinícius Guimarães , Monteiro Wagner Ferreira , Ferreira Darlisom Sousa , de Andrade Lucas Lorran Costa , Ramos Flávia Regina Souza
Published: June 2023

The present study aimed to know and analyze the repercussions and legacy of the COVID-19 pandemic for the Unified Health System from the perspective of health managers working in Manaus, a city considered the epicenter of the pandemic in Brazil. This qualitative research was designed as the study of a single incorporated case and conducted with 23 Health Care Network managers. The analysis was applied in two thematic coding cycles (values and focused coding methods), with the aid of the ATLAS.ti software. The categories we analyzed covered the lessons learned within the scope of the work process, change in stance, and human values, as well as the coping strategies adopted by individual or team initiatives or by the incorporation of innovations in practices. This study highlighted the importance of strengthening primary health care; of promoting team spirit in the service and establishing partnerships with public and private institutions, of being integrated with the training in complex situations, and of reflecting on human values and appreciation of life. Coping with the pandemic promoted an in-depth reflection about the functioning of the Unified Health System and the individual ways of being.
Adapting Dance to Complex Clinical Contexts: A Methodology Model
Authors: Beaudry Lucie , Rochette Annie , Fortin Sylvie
Published: June 2023

Background:

While the content of health-related dance interventions is still relatively undocumented in the literature, the processes of adapting dance to specific situations are even less so, and rarely seem to be based on theoretical or practical guidelines. Yet the description of these processes could guide the adaptation of other interventions.

Purpose:

This study aimed to document the process of adapting a dance intervention in a complex clinical setting, in order to propose a methodology that could inspire the development of other interventions in specific clinical contexts.

Methods:

The adaptation methodology described in this article is part of an embedded single-case study, where the case unit was the adaptation process of a dance group intervention and the subunits of analysis were the intervention’s clinical and theoretical premises, content, and pedagogy. Participants were rehabilitation therapists (n=21), patients (n=6), relatives (n=4), and rehabilitation assistants (n=4). Data were collected through various techniques (focus groups, situational observation, pilot dance sessions, interviews, critical incidents, research journals, template for intervention description and replication/TIDieR checklist, and video recordings) to allow an iterative adaptation process. Data were analyzed using inductive qualitative analysis.

Results:

Adaptations were made prior to and throughout the intervention, taking into account relevant scientific and disciplinary knowledge, as well as the different actors’ implicit and explicit experiences. The intervention pedagogy focused on adapting the dance content to meet the participants’ needs while inviting them to self-adapt this content. The resulting methodology model includes four stages: preliminary design, validation with rehabilitation therapists, specific tailoring, and ongoing tailoring. Conclusion: Optimizing the adaptation of dance and ensuring its complementarity within a complex clinical context requires collaboration with the different disciplinary clinicians in order to offer synergistic coherence and ensure dance’s contribution to therapeutic objectives.
Retrospective review of diphenhydramine vs diphenhydramine plus glucocorticoid for the treatment of allergic reaction in cats
Authors: Krager Kayla L , Pigott Armi M
Published: June 2023

Objectives

The aims of the present study were to report the outcomes of treating allergic reactions in cats with diphenhydramine vs diphenhydramine plus glucocorticoid and to determine whether signs recurred or additional veterinary intervention was needed in the days after initial treatment.

Methods

This retrospective study evaluated 73 cats treated for allergic reaction with diphenhydramine alone or in combination with a glucocorticoid at a 24 h emergency and specialty referral veterinary hospital between 1 January 2012 and 31 March 2021.

Results

In total, 44 cats were treated with diphenhydramine alone, and 29 were treated with diphenhydramine plus dexamethasone sodium phosphate. The inciting cause was known or highly suspected in 50 patients. Vaccines were the most common (31 patients), followed by insect envenomation (17 cases). No cat in either group progressed to anaphylaxis. There was no difference in resolution of clinical signs between the groups. Follow-up contact was successfully made with 40/73 cat owners. All 40 cats were alive. Eight had persistent signs. There was no difference in the number of cats with persistent signs between groups. Five cats required additional treatment after the initial emergency visit. There was no difference between the two groups for persistent signs at follow-up.

Conclusions and relevance

There was no difference in measured outcomes between cats treated with diphenhydramine alone vs those treated with a glucocorticoid in addition to diphenhydramine in this population. The ideal treatment for allergic reactions is unknown. Based on currently available data in human and veterinary literature, glucocorticoids are not indicated to treat acute allergic reactions. The role of antihistamines as part of a symptomatic supportive treatment plan to shorten the duration of signs is unclear at this time and may be considered.
Effects of Antibiotic Treatment on the Development and Bacterial Community of the Wolbachia-Infected Diamondback Moth
Authors: Zhu Xiangyu , Zhang Ling , Li Jinyang , He Ao , You Minsheng , You Shijun
Published: June 2023

Based on the important role of antibiotic treatment in the research of the interaction between Wolbachia and insect hosts, this study aimed to identify the most suitable antibiotic and concentration for Wolbachia elimination in the P. xylostella, and to investigate the effect of Wolbachia and antibiotic treatment on the bacterial community of P. xylostella. Our results showed that the Wolbachia-infected strain was plutWB1 of supergroup B in the P. xylostella population collected in Nepal in this study; 1 mg/mL rifampicin could remove Wolbachia infection in P. xylostella after 1 generation of feeding treatment and the toxic effect was relatively low; among the 29 samples of adult P. xylostella in our study (10 WU samples, 10 WA samples, and 9 WI samples), 52.5% of the sequences were of Firmicutes and 47.5% were of Proteobacteria, with the dominant genera being mainly Carnobacterium (46.2%), Enterobacter (10.1%), and Enterococcus (6.2%); Moreover, antibiotic removal of Wolbachia infection in P. xylostella and transfer to normal conditions for 10 generations no longer significantly affected the bacterial community of P. xylostella. This study provides a theoretical basis for the elimination method of Wolbachia in the P. xylostella, as well as a reference for the elimination method of Wolbachia in other Wolbachia-infected insect species, and a basis for the study of the extent and duration of the effect of antibiotic treatment on the bacterial community of the P. xylostella.
Powerless in the digital age? A systematic review and meta-analysis of political efficacy and digital media use
Authors: Boulianne Shelley , Oser Jennifer , Hoffmann Christian P
Published: June 2023

Many citizens feel powerless in the current globalized political context, despite the potential of digital media to increase their perceptions of being informed about politics and expand their opportunities to interact with elected officials to try to influence government decisions. We analyzed 193 studies to document the most popular ways to conceptualize, measure, and model political efficacy when also studying digital media. Furthermore, we conducted a meta-analysis of correlations. We find that the positive estimates are larger, on average, when considering internal political efficacy and smaller but still positive when considering external political efficacy. We also examine how the relationships differ according to the type of media use and political system, whether authoritarian (e.g. China) or democratic. We propose a theoretical framework that considers reciprocal effects. Online information may contribute to feelings of being informed about politics and feelings of being informed lead to online political participation.
Platforms, programmability, and precarity: The platformization of research repositories in academic libraries
Authors: Plantin Jean-Christophe , Thomer Andrea
Published: June 2023

We investigate in this article how repository platforms change the sharing and preservation of digital objects in academic libraries. We use evidence drawn from semi-structured interviews with 31 data repository managers working at 21 universities using the product Figshare for institutions. We first show that repository managers use this platform to bring together actors, technologies, and processes usually scattered across the library to assign to them the tasks that they value less—such as data preparation or IT maintenance—and spend more time engaging in activities they appreciate—such as raising awareness of data sharing. While this platformization of data management improves their job satisfaction, we reveal how it simultaneously accentuates the outsourcing of libraries’ core mission to private actors. We eventually discuss how this platformization can deskill librarians and perpetuate precarity politics in university libraries.
Effectiveness of dental monitoring system in orthodontics: A systematic review
Authors: Sangalli Linda , Alessandri-Bonetti Anna , Dalessandri Domenico
Published: June 2023

Background:

Dental monitoring (DM) constitutes a recent technological advance for the remote monitoring of patients undergoing an orthodontic therapy. Especially in times of health emergency crisis, the possibility of relying on remote monitoring could be particularly useful.

Objectives:

To assess the effectiveness of DM in orthodontic care.

Eligibility:

Studies conducted on healthy patients undergoing orthodontic care where DM was applied, assessing a change in treatment duration, emergency appointments, in-office visits, orthodontic relapse, early detection of orthodontic emergencies and improvement of oral health status.

Information sources:

PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus were searched for publications until November 2022.

Risk of bias:

Quality assessment was performed with the STROBE Checklist.

Data extraction:

Data were extracted independently by two reviewers, and discrepancies were resolved with a third reviewer.

Included studies:

Out of 6887 records screened, 11 studies were included.

Synthesis of results:

DM implemented to the standard orthodontic care was found to significantly decrease the number of in-office visits by 1.68–3.5 visits and showed a possible trend towards improvement of aligner fit. Conversely, evidence does not support a reduction of treatment duration and emergency appointments. The assessment of the remaining variables did not allow any qualitative synthesis.

Conclusions:

This review highlighted that DM implemented to standard orthodontic care can significantly decrease the number of in-office visits and may potentially result in an improved aligner fit. Due to the low quality of most of the included studies and the heterogeneity of the orthodontic system where DM was applied, studies with different investigation team and rigorous methodology are advocated.
Mass flow rate control of solenoid-based injectors
Authors: Qureshi Muhammad Sarmad , Kara Burhan , Ertunç Özgür , Bebek Özkan
Published: June 2023

This paper presents a mass flow rate control method for solenoid-based injectors in open-loop, that is, without physical sensor feedback. Measuring the mass flow rate in injectors is important because the performance of the injector determines fuel consumption and emissions. While it is possible to perform this control using different types of sensors, this would increase the cost and reduce the reliability. With this study, it was aimed to control the mass flow rate of solenoid-based injectors using continuous switching control to regulate the injector’s needle displacement without using sensors. For this purpose, a solenoid-actuated injector prototype was created. Model-based estimators were used to determine the states of the injector, while a super-twisting sliding mode controller was used to track the desired mass flow rate references. The results of the experiments showed that tracking for sinusoidal, triangular, and square trajectories yielded a mass flow rate percent error of less than 1.06. The proposed open-loop control algorithm can be used to track different mass flow rate references in internal combustion engines.
CT Radiomics Combined With Clinicopathological Features to Predict Invasive Mucinous Adenocarcinoma in Patients With Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Junjie , Hao Ligang , Li Min , Xu Qian , Shi Gaofeng
Published: June 2023

Objective: This study aimed to develop and validate predictive models using clinical parameters, radiomic features, and a combination of both for invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (IMA) of the lung in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Method: A total of 173 and 391 patients with IMA and non-IMA, respectively, were retrospectively analyzed from January 2017 to September 2022 in our hospital. Propensity Score Matching was used to match the 2 groups of patients. A total of 1037 radiomic features were extracted from contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT). The patients were randomly divided into training and test groups at a ratio of 7:3. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithm was used for radiomic feature selection. Three radiomics prediction models were applied: logistic regression (logistic), support vector machine (SVM), and decision tree. The best-performing model was adopted, and the radiomics score (Radscore) was then computed. A clinical model was developed using logistic regression. Finally, a combined model was established based on a clinical model and a radiomics model. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) and decision curve analysis were used to evaluate the predictive value of the developed models. Results: Both clinical and radiomics models established using the logistic method showed the best performance. The Delong test revealed that the combined model was superior to the clinical and radiomics models ( P  =  .018 and .020, respectively). The ROC-AUC (also decision curve analysis) of the combined model was 0.840 and 0.850 in the training and testing groups, respectively, which showed good predictive performance for IMA. The Brier scores for the combined model were 0.161 and 0.154 in the training and testing groups, respectively. Conclusion: The combined model incorporating radiomic CT features and clinical predictors may have the potential to predict IMA in patients with lung cancer.
The effect of misalignment on the performance of tilting pad thrust bearing with TEHD coupling model and turbulence model
Authors: Liu Binbin , Zhao Wei , Bai SuJuan , Hu Bin , Wu Kun , Zhao Qingjun
Published: June 2023

A thermoelastohydrodynamic (TEHD) coupling model is developed to study the static performance of a heavy-duty tilting pad thrust bearing (TPTB) under the effect of axis misalignment. To ensure the validity in calculating thermoelastic deformation, the calculation accuracy of the mechanical and thermal deformations used in the TEHD model is verified by the finite element method (FEM). The influence of the TEHD model on the flow state prediction is determined using different axial loads, and the numerical analysis of turbulence model and centrifugal inertia term on the bearing pad temperature is conducted at various operating rotation speeds. Compared with the aligned bearing performance, the characteristic distribution of each bearing pad under different misaligned angles is obtained. The effect of misalignment will cause local overheating of the thrust-bearing pads, especially for the heavy-duty TPTD. The results of this study can help to improve the prediction accuracy of heavy-duty TPTB characteristics and avoid harmful misalignment effects. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the effects of misalignment, turbulence, and thermoelastic deformation in the design and analysis of thrust bearings.
Creating a smart classroom in intensive care using assisted reality technology
Authors: Willis Charlotte , Dawe Jessica , Leng Christopher
Published: June 2023

Background:

Medical students receive relatively little exposure to intensive care medicine throughout their undergraduate training. The COVID-19 pandemic further hindered students’ exposure with the entrance to intensive care units (ICU) limited. To address the problem, this study explored the use of assisted reality technology to create a smart classroom in intensive care.

Methods:

Six intensive care teaching sessions were live streamed to groups of medical students ( n = 33) using wearable assisted reality glasses, and the results were pooled for analysis. Feedback from students and educators was collected using the evaluation of technology-enhanced learning materials (ETELM).

Results:

The response rate for the ETELM-learner and ETELM-educator perceptions was 100%. Students strongly agreed that the session was well organised, relevant and that the navigation of technology-based components was logical and efficient. Students strongly disagreed that their learning was negatively affected by technology issues. Educators reported some difficulties with balancing teaching delivery alongside the clinical demands of the ICU and some minor technological issues.

Discussion:

There is potential for smart classrooms to revolutionise intensive care education. The use of smart classrooms on intensive care using assisted reality technology was well received by students and educators. The main limitations included the cost of the technology and risk of technology issues. There is a significant role for smart classrooms to continue in the post-pandemic period as they provide an open and safe platform for students to explore intensive care medicine and ask questions that they may feel less able to raise in the busy clinical environment.
Dietary habits and Helicobacter pylori infection: is there an association?
Authors: Soares Giovana Alice Sampaio , Moraes Felipe Augusto de Sousa , Ramos Amanda Ferreira Paes Landim , Santiago Silvana Barbosa , Germano Janaina Naiara , Fernandes Gisele Aparecida , Curado Maria Paula , Barbosa Mônica Santiago
Published: June 2023

Background:

Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori) is a group 1 carcinogen and the etiological agent of gastric diseases such as gastritis, ulcers, and gastric cancer. It infects approximately half of the world’s population. Risk factors associated with H. pylori infection include socioeconomic status, lifestyle, and diet.

Objectives:

This study aimed to evaluate the association between eating habits and H. pylori infection in patients from a reference hospital in Central Brazil.

Design:

This cross-sectional study included 156 patients from 2019 to 2022.

Methods:

Data were collected using a structured questionnaire on sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics and a validated food frequency questionnaire. The H. pylori infection status (positive versus negative) was determined using the histopathological method. After grams/day, foods were stratified into tertiles of consumption (low, medium, and high). Simple and multiple binary logistic regression models were used in the analysis of odds ratios (ORs) and their respective 95% confidence intervals (CIs), with a 5% significance level.

Results:

The prevalence of H. pylori infection was 44.2% (69/156 patients). Infected individuals had a mean age of 49.6 ± 14.6 years; 40.6% were men, 34.8% were aged 60 years or older, 42.0% were unmarried, 7.2% had higher education, 72.5% were non-white, and 30.4% were obese. In the H. pylori-positive group, 55.1% were alcohol drinkers and 42.0% were smokers. The results of multiple analyses showed that the chance of H. pylori infection was higher among male participants (OR = 2.25; CI = 1.09–4.68) and individuals with obesity (OR = 2.68; CI = 1.10–6.51). Participants with moderate consumption of refined grains (bread, cookies, cakes, breakfast cereal) (OR = 2.41; CI = 1.04–5.62) and fruits (OR = 2.53; CI = 1.08–5.94) were more likely to be infected.

Conclusion:

In this study, male sex, obesity, and the consumption of refined grains and fruits were positively associated with H. pylori infection. Further research is needed to investigate this association and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
New multiport robotic surgical systems: a comprehensive literature review of clinical outcomes in urology
Authors: Salkowski Morgan , Checcucci Enrico , Chow Alexander K. , Rogers Craig C. , Adbollah Firas , Liatsikos Evangelos , Dasgupta Prokar , Guimaraes Gustavo C. , Rassweiler Jens , Mottrie Alexander , Breda Alberto , Crivellaro Simone , Kaouk Jihad , Porpiglia Francesco , Autorino Riccardo
Published: June 2023

Over the past 20 years, the field of robotic surgery has largely been dominated by the da Vinci robotic platform. Nevertheless, numerous novel multiport robotic surgical systems have been developed over the past decade, and some have recently been introduced into clinical practice. This nonsystematic review aims to describe novel surgical robotic systems, their individual designs, and their reported uses and clinical outcomes within the field of urologic surgery. Specifically, we performed a comprehensive review of the literature regarding the use of the Senhance robotic system, the CMR-Versius robotic system, and the Hugo RAS in urologic procedures. Systems with fewer published uses are also described, including the Avatera, Hintori, and Dexter. Notable features of each system are compared, with a particular emphasis on factors differentiating each system from the da Vinci robotic system.
Safety of Lutetium-177 prostate-specific membrane antigen-617 (PSMA-617) radioligand therapy in the setting of severe renal impairment: a case report and literature review
Authors: Sutherland Duncan E. K. , Kashyap Raghava , Jackson Price , Buteau James P. , Murphy Declan G. , Kelly Brian , Spain Lavinia , Sandhu Shahneen , Azad Arun A. , Medhurst Elizabeth , Kong Grace , Hofman Michael S.
Published: June 2023

Reported here is a case of rapidly progressive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 in the setting of severe renal impairment and impending ureteric obstruction. PSMA is expressed on renal tubular cells, raising the possibility of radiation-induced nephrotoxicity, and this level of renal impairment would typically exclude the patient from [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 therapy. Multidisciplinary input, individualized dosimetry, and patient-specific dose reduction were used to ensure the cumulative dose to the kidneys remained within acceptable limits. He was initially planned for treatment with six cycles of [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617. However, he had an excellent response to therapy following four cycles of treatment and the last two cycles were omitted. He has been followed for 1-year posttherapy without evidence of disease recurrence. No acute or chronic nephrotoxicity was observed. This case report highlights the utility of [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 therapy in severe renal impairment and provides evidence of relative safety in patients who would otherwise not be considered candidates for therapy.
Traumatic retroclival hematoma complicated with hyponatremia and delayed traumatic intracranial hematoma in an adult: A case report
Authors: Yadav Chandra Prakash , Dhakal Sudan , Bhattarai Himal Bikram , Bhattarai Madhur , Lamichhane Saral , Singh Ishani , Subedi Prativa
Published: June 2023

Intracranial hematoma is a common variety of brain insults in trauma. However, posterior fossa hematoma in the retroclival location is quite unusual. There are limited numbers of case reports regarding traumatic retroclival hematoma. Some are managed with surgery in this condition. We present a traumatic retroclival hematoma in a 34-year-old gentleman who sustained brain trauma in a motor vehicle accident. His condition was further complicated by hyponatremia and delayed traumatic intracerebral hematoma in a distant location. The only symptom he had later was severe headache which could be attributed to delayed traumatic intracerebral hematoma and hyponatremia. He was managed conservatively and discharged on the 12th day from the hospital.
Influence of mydriasis on foveal duplication artifact
Authors: Kakade Sathya , Acharya Isha , Venkatesh Ramesh
Published: June 2023

In this case report, we describe a rare imaging finding of foveal duplication identified on spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) through undilated pupils in a 49-year-old asymptomatic anxious lady with type 2 diabetes mellitus who visited the retina clinic for diabetic retinopathy screening. A simple patient counseling for cooperation during a repeat OCT scan with dilated pupils revealed that the twin fovea-like duplication was an illusion. This case illustrates the necessity of pupillary dilation and reimaging in the presence of unusual artifacts, such as foveal duplication, to prevent clinicians from ordering unnecessary additional tests.
Screening for degenerative cervical myelopathy with the 10-second grip-and-release test using a smartphone and machine learning: A pilot study
Authors: Ibara Takuya , Matsui Ryota , Koyama Takafumi , Yamada Eriku , Yamamoto Akiko , Tsukamoto Kazuya , Kaburagi Hidetoshi , Nimura Akimoto , Yoshii Toshitaka , Okawa Atsushi , Saito Hideo , Sugiura Yuta , Fujita Koji
Published: June 2023

Objective

Early detection and intervention are essential for the mitigation of degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM). However, although several screening methods exist, they are difficult to understand for community-dwelling people, and the equipment required to set up the test environment is expensive. This study investigated the viability of a DCM-screening method based on the 10-second grip-and-release test using a machine learning algorithm and a smartphone equipped with a camera to facilitate a simple screening system.

Methods

Twenty-two participants comprising a group of DCM patients and 17 comprising a control group participated in this study. A spine surgeon diagnosed the presence of DCM. Patients performing the 10-second grip-and-release test were filmed, and the videos were analyzed. The probability of the presence of DCM was estimated using a support vector machine algorithm, and sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) were calculated. Two assessments of the correlation between estimated scores were conducted. The first used a random forest regression model and the Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores for cervical myelopathy (C-JOA). The second assessment used a different model, random forest regression, and the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire.

Results

The final classification model had a sensitivity of 90.9%, specificity of 88.2%, and AUC of 0.93. The correlations between each estimated score and the C-JOA and DASH scores were 0.79 and 0.67, respectively.

Conclusions

The proposed model could be a helpful screening tool for DCM as it showed excellent performance and high usability for community-dwelling people and non-spine surgeons.
Predictors of sustained use of mobile health applications: Content analysis of user perspectives from a fever management app
Authors: Hamideh Kerdar Sara , Gwiasda Moritz , Berger Bettina , Rathjens Larisa , Schwarz Silke , Jenetzky Ekkehart , Martin David D
Published: June 2023

Objectives

Mobile health applications could be means of educating and changing behaviours of their users. Their features and qualities determine the sustainability of use. The FeverApp with two main features of information and documentation is a research-based app. In this observational cohort study, to evaluate the influential predictors of use, users’ feedback on the FeverApp, were analyzed.

Methods

Feedback is given using a structured questionnaire, four Likert items and two open questions regarding positive and negative impressions, available via app menu. Conventional content analysis (inductive approach) on the two open questions was performed. Comments were grouped into 12 codes. These codes were grouped hierarchically in an iterative process into nine subcategories and lastly into two main categories ‘format’ and ‘content’. Descriptive and quantitative analysis were performed.

Results

Out of 8243 users, 1804 of them answered the feedback questionnaire. The features of the app ( N  =  344), followed by the information aspect ( N  =  330) were most frequently mentioned. Documentation process ( N  =  226), request for new features or improvement of the current ones ( N  =  193), and functioning ( N  =  132) were also highlighted in users’ feedback. App's ease of use, design and being informative were important for the users. The first impression of the app seems important as the majority of feedback were given during the first month of using the app.

Conclusion

In-app feedback function could highlight shortcomings and strengths of mobile health apps. Taking users’ feedback into consideration could increase the chance of sustained use. Besides ease of use and clear, likeable designs, users want apps that serve their needs while saving time.
Fragmented care trajectories in municipal healthcare: Local sensemaking of digital documentation
Authors: Duval Jensen Julie , Ledderer Loni , Kolbæk Raymond , Beedholm Kirsten
Published: June 2023

Objective

Since the 1990s, almost all healthcare organisations have had electronic health records (EHR) to organise and manage treatment, care and work routines. This article aims to understand how healthcare professionals (HCPs) make sense of digital documentation practice.

Methods

Based on a case study design, field observations and semi-structured interviews were conducted in a Danish municipality. A systematic analysis based on Karl Weick's sensemaking theory was applied to investigate what cues HCPs extract from timetables in the EHR and how institutional logics frame the enactment of documentation practice.

Results

The analysis uncovered three themes: making sense of planning, making sense of tasks and making sense of documentation. The themes illustrate that HCPs make sense of the digital documentation practice as a dominant managerial tool designed to control resources and work routines. This sensemaking leads to a task-oriented practice which centres on delivering fragmented tasks according to a timetable.

Conclusion

HCPs mitigate fragmentation by responding to a care professional logic, where they document to share information and carry out invisible work outside of timetables and scheduled tasks. However, HCPs are focused on solving specific tasks by the minute with the possible consequence that continuity and their overview of the service user's care and treatment disappear. In conclusion, the EHR system eliminates a holistic view of care trajectories, leaving it up to HCPs to collaborate in an effort to obtain continuity for the service user.
What Is “Rural Feminism”? A Computer-Assisted Analysis of Popular Antifeminist Discourses in Chinese Social Media
Authors: Yang Wei , Guo Jingxuan , Arteel Inge
Published: June 2023

Along with the popularization of feminism in Chinese social media, an antifeminist wave has become increasingly prominent since 2014, marked most notably by the stigmatization buzzword “rural feminism.” We collected 2,104 texts regarding “rural feminism” on Zhihu (the Chinese Quora) and applied approaches of computer-assisted discourse studies (i.e., topic modeling, collocation, and concordance analyses) as lenses to help us understand the connections and patterns within these fragmented social media texts, to uncover hidden antifeminist strategies. The findings reveal that popular antifeminism adopts strategies that we defined as “double embrace” and “double rejection” to minimize the realistic threat of feminism to men’s vested interests. These deliberate strategies hint at and further exacerbate the complex interplay between current Chinese antifeminism and feminism. On this basis, we argue that the previous framework of understanding this relationship as a simple dichotomy no longer applies and that we need to reconceptualize the current challenges and threats to Chinese feminism in the context of the specific history and reality of Chinese society and the rich interactions between antifeminism and misogyny, neoliberalism, postfeminism, and various versions of feminism active in China.
Explaining Firm Performance During the COVID-19 With fsQCA: The Role of Supply Network Complexity, Inventory Turns, and Geographic Dispersion
Authors: Yin Weili , Ran Wenxue
Published: June 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected firm performance. As a result, many studies have examined the significance of supply network complexity. Our paper uses the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) method to investigate the causal relationships among the supply network complexity, geographic dispersion, inventory turns, and firm performance. Using a sample of 263 Chinese listed firms, we find that no single factor is necessary to achieve high firm performance during COVID-19 and reveal four paths to produce high performance: operational level driven, supply base complexity driven, and customer base complexity driven with supplier distance, and supply network complexity absence. Furthermore, our findings suggest that supply-based complexity-driven and customer-based complexity-driven can improve firm performance, but not all supply network complexity dimensions can improve firm performance. Hence, firms need to choose the suitable path based on their specific situations.