bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Views of Adolescent Girls on the Use of Implanon in a Public Primary Health Care Clinic in Limpopo Province, South Africa.
Authors: Emermitia Rabopape L. , Livhuwani Muthelo , N. Rambelani Malema , Maria Mothiba T.
Published: July 2019

Background:

Implanon is one of the contraceptives that protects women from falling pregnant for a period of 3 years. Levonorgestrel implants are perfect for adolescents who wish to have lengthy protection against pregnancy and for those who are not consistent in taking Oral Contraceptive Pills (OCP).

Objective:

The objective of the study is to investigate the views of adolescent girls on the use of Implanon as a birth control method.

Methods:

A qualitative explorative and descriptive study was conducted to explore and describe the views of adolescent girls regarding the use of Implanon as a birth control method at a primary health clinic in Limpopo Province. In-depth interviews were conducted with 15 adolescent girls who had previously used the Implanon and voluntarily agreed to participate in the study. Data were analyzed using the Tesch’s open coding analysis and the following themes emerged: views of adolescent’s girls on the use of Implanon, experiences of adolescent girls while using Implanon, health professionals and the insertion of Implanon and other chronic treatments.

Results:

The study reveals that the lack of trained health professionals, competency in performing Implanon insertion and poor counseling skills by health professionals prompted fear amongst the adolescent girls, which contributed to the low uptake of adolescent girls of the Implanon contraceptive.

Conclusion:

There is a need for more training of health professionals on counseling skills, insertion, and removal of Implanon. Furthermore, awareness campaigns or dialogues must be hosted annually to engage the public to talk about Implanon.
Prevalence, Intensity, and Factors Associated with Soil-Transmitted Helminths Infection among Children in Zambia: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Tembo Sibongile , Mubita Patricia , Sitali Lungowe , Zgambo Jessy
Published: July 2019

Background:

Soil-transmitted helminths are among the neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) of poverty. They are a common type of parasitic infections in the world, caused by three main species commonly known as roundworms, whipworms, and hookworms. The diseases have major health and socio-economic repercussions and significantly contribute to public health problems in developing countries.

Objectives:

This study investigated the prevalence, intensity, and factors associated with soil-transmitted helminths among children in Chililabombwe district of Zambia.

Methods:

A cross-sectional design was used, consisting of 411 guardian – child pairs aged between 17-77 years and 1-15 years, respectively. This was conducted between October and December 2017. Systematic sampling and simple random sampling were used to select the household and 411 participants, respectively. The study used a structured pre-tested questionnaire and stool tests to obtain information on socio-demographic, environmental, behavioral, and service-related factors associated with helminth infection. Stool samples were collected and examined for the presence of parasites using formol-ether concentration and Kato-Katz techniques. Geometric mean was used to report the intensity of infection. An investigator-led stepwise regression was used to identify factors associated with developing Soil-Transmitted Helminth infection and the level of significance was set at 0.05.

Results:

Prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth infection was 59/411 (14.4%) and the most dominant parasite was roundworms 58/411 (14.1%). The overall intensity of infection was light (<5000epg) with a few heavy infections (>50000epg). Factors independently associated with soil-transmitted helminth infection after adjusting for other variables were residence (AOR=0.26; 95% CI [0.09-0.73]), household income (AOR=2.49; 95% CI [1.01-6.12]), and overcrowding (AOR =1.33; 95% CI [1.09-1.62]).

Conclusion:

Our findings indicate that STH infections are still prevalent. Low household income, residence, and overcrowding are the factors associated with infection. This indicates that reinfection is common even after deworming.
Current Status of Obstetric Anaesthesia Services (OASIS); A Cross-sectional Survey of Public Hospitals in Khartoum State, Sudan
Authors: Ahmed Sohel M G , Ali Amna Mustafa , Mohamed Tayseer Salih , Hajnour Mohamed Sayed M , Elfil Hayat O. , Hussein Samahir F M , Abdelrahman Dalia , Eltegani Abdelrahman , Abusalab Ahmed M A A , Elhadi Aala F , Eljak Amna , Mohamed Hadab Ahmed
Published: July 2019

Background:

Medical services in general, and anaesthetic services in particular, in Sudan have been vulnerable to changes secondary to the socio-economic factors over the last few decades.

Objective:

This cross-state survey aims to identify the current set up of obstetric anaesthesia services in 19 hospitals - representing all public hospitals in Khartoum State with maternity units- and audit them against internationally set standards.

Methodology:

This is a cross-sectional descriptive non-interventional study. Questionnaires- based on the World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists (WFSA) Safe Anaesthesia Standards- were distributed to Anaesthetic departments’ heads at the time of the study (first to fourteenth of May 2016) of 19 public hospitals. This is the total number of public hospitals delivering obstetric services in Khartoum State. All filled out questionnaires were returned (response rate 100%). Collected information/data provided were subsequently entered into an Excel sheet and analysed. Results were tabulated.

Results:

There was a considerable variation in the capacity of the surveyed hospitals in terms of human resources, caseload and set up. Improper utilisation of already deficient anaesthesiologist in covering high load obstetrics services was also noticed. All the hospitals fell short of recommendations for minimum standards set by the World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists (WFSA).

Conclusion:

There is a vast gap between international set standards and the current set up of obstetric anaesthesia in Khartoum State public hospitals. Necessary concerted efforts from governmental, non-governmental and professional bodies are warranted to improve obstetric anaesthetic services in Khartoum State.
Design and Implementation of Low Energy Wireless Network Nodes Based on Hardware Compression Acceleration
Authors: Yang Hui , Nayyar Anand
Published: July 2019

Background:

With the fast development of information, the information data is increasing
in geometric multiples, and the speed of information transmission and storage space are required
to be higher.

Objective:

In order to reduce the use of storage space and further improve the transmission efficiency
of data, data need to be compressed. In the process of data compression, it is very important to
ensure the lossless nature of data, and lossless data compression algorithms appear. The gradual optimization
design of the algorithm can often achieve the energy-saving optimization of data compression.
Similarly, the effect of energy saving can also be obtained by improving the hardware
structure of node.

Methods:

In this paper, a new structure is designed for sensor node, which adopts hardware acceleration,
and the data compression module is separated from the node microprocessor.

Result:

On the basis of the ASIC design of the algorithm, by introducing hardware acceleration, the
energy consumption of the compressed data was successfully reduced, and the proportion of energy
consumption and compression time saved by the general-purpose processor was as high as 98.4 %
and 95.8 %, respectively. It greatly reduces the compression time and energy consumption.
AUTOMATION OF THE PROCESS OF ENSURING THE CONFORMITY OF THE OBJECT TO THE “GREEN” CONSTRUCTION STANDARDS
Authors: Zherugov R. A. , Kangezova M. H. , Lapidus A. A.
Published: July 2019

Objectives. Solving the main tasks of designing construction objects in accordance with environmental standards is impossible without computer-aided design and database management systems. The article discusses a part of the software package that will automate the process of ensuring compliance of the object with the standards of "green" construction.

Method. The basis of the project development is the criteria of the system of voluntary environmental certification of real estate objects, approved by the order of the Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia, as well as the criteria of LEED standards. For data analysis, the software complex MapInfo was used.

Result. The structure of the software product has been developed, which will answer the main questions arising in the design of any building, taking into account the standards of green building. For each category the underlying factors (input data) are the corresponding data for each criterion.

Conclusion. The developed software package will provide an opportunity to minimize the impact of a construction object on the environment and increase the energy efficiency of the object under construction. Also, improve the quality of organizational and technological decisions of the construction process, reduce the impact of the construction project on the environment and effectively use resources. Full implementation of the algorithm will make it possible to reduce the time and cost of designing buildings and structures, increase the accuracy of drawing details and structural elements, improve the quality and technical and economic level of the design results, and minimize the costs of manual modeling and testing.
THERMOELECTRIC SYSTEM FOR EXTRACTION OF FOREIGN OBJECTS FROM HUMAN BODY
Authors: Evdulov O. V. , Magomedova S. G. , Mispahov I. Sh. , Nabiyev N. A. , Nasrulaev A. M.
Published: July 2019

Objectives. The purpose of the article is to examine the design of the thermoelectric system (TPP) for the extraction of foreign objects from the human body by the method of freezing, as well as the simulation of heat transfer processes in it.

Method. A design and a physical model of the system for the extraction of foreign objects from the human body are proposed, in which the source of cold is a thermoelectric module (TEM) placed on a special mechanical device made in the form of a probe, which also provides removal of heat from the hot junctions of the module. A mathematical model of thermal power plants was developed, implemented on the basis of solving the problem of ice layer growth using the method of solving the non-stationary Fourier differential equation, presented in partial derivatives by reducing it to an equation with full derivatives based on the use of an extended version of the Lame-Clapeyron substitution, and power series, which describes the temperature distribution in the frozen ice layer and satisfies the boundary conditions of the problem.

Result. Data were obtained on the change in temperature of the extracted object and the thickness of the ice layer over time at various values of the cooling capacity of TEM. It is established that the duration of the formation of an ice layer between the object to be extracted and the cold surface of the TEM, which is the executive element of the system, is within narrow limits that meet medical standards, while the speed of the ice growth process depends on its thickness (increasing the cooling capacity of the TEM from 1000 to 3000 W / m2 reduces the duration of the formation of an ice layer, 2 mm thick, by almost 40 s, while the temperature of the extracted object decreases from 269 K to 252 K). It is indicated that the selection of geometric parameters of TEM and its power supply should focus on the limitations on the operation of the device, as well as medical norms and standards in order to avoid the process of frostbite of the adjacent tissues.

Conclusion. A method is proposed for increasing the efficiency of the system, according to which the preliminary cooling of the TPP by an external source of cold is used, as well as the use of forced TEM operation modes.
Stunting was not associated with overweight among children aged 24-59 months
Authors: Hidayati Adityas Afifah , Gunawan I Made Alit , Paramashanti Bunga Astria
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Background: Stunting was associated with cognitive development, morbidity and productivity in later life. Several studies and analysis also showed that stunting was related to overweight. In Indonesia, prevalence of stunted-overweight in children was 7.4% in 2007, then increased to 7.6% in 2010.

Objective: To understand the relationship between stunting and overweight among children aged 24-59 months.

Methods: Cross-sectional design was used in this study. Study location was Sedayu Subdistrict, Bantul District.   Participants were a total of 185 children selected by probability proportional to size (PPS) sampling technique. Main variables included nutritional status of stunting, overweight, and energy, protein and fat intakes. Analysis used was chi-square test with the level of significance 0.05.

Results: The prevalence of stunting was 30.8%, whereas overweight prevalence was 10.3%. Bivariate analysis indicated that there was no significant relationship between stunting and overweight among children aged 24-59 months (OR= 1.3; 95%CI: 0.5-3.6). Energy, protein and fats intakes were not confounding variables, but effect modifier in the association between stunting and overweight.

Conclusion: There was no relationship between stunting and overweight in children aged 24-59 months.

KEYWORDS: stunting, overweight, children
SISTEM PENJADWALAN PERKULIAHAN MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION PADA JURUSAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS TADULAKO
Authors: Nugraha Deny Wiria , Dodu A. Y. Erwin , Paloloang Muhammad Fairus B.
Published: July 2019

Scheduling lectures is a very important activity to do because all teaching and learning activities depend on the schedule so that it must be done correctly in order not to interfere the teaching and learning activities between lecturers and students. This study aims to implement the Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm to create a scheduling system for the lectures at the Information Technology Department, Faculty of Engineering, Tadulako University which can facilitate the scheduling process of the lectures and can produce optimal schedules. The scheduling system made will follow the rules and policies which are applied at Tadulako University. The Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm can be used for scheduling system for the lectures at the Information Technology Department, Faculty of Engineering, Tadulako University, although it cannot yet produce an optimal solution because there are still soft constraints that are violated. The best combination of parameter values in the Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm, namely the parameter value w = 0.7, c1 = 1.5, c2 = 1.5 with a successful schedule made with a fitness value of 0.034 with execution time (214).
ANALISIS SENTIMEN CALON PRESIDEN DAN WAKIL PRESIDEN PERIODE 2019-2024 PASCA DEBAT PILPRES DI TWITTER
Authors: Ardiansyah Rizka
Published: July 2019

Social networking sites, such as Twitter and Facebook are one of the important spaces for political engagement. Twitter or Facebook have become common elements in political campaigns and elections, especially for Indonesia’s presidential election 2019. for the period 2019 - 2024 there are two presidential and vice presidential candidates namely Ir. H. Joko Widodo - Prof. Dr. K.H. Ma'ruf Amin and Lieutenant General (Ret.) H. Prabowo Subianto - H. Sandiaga Uno. B.B.A., M.B.A. the two candidates who ran for the election triggered a lot of related public opinion where the most suitable candidate to become the president of the next period. Public opinion is generally one of the determining factors for presidential candidates who will later win the election. Presidential candidate debate is the efforts of the election commission to facilitate the presidential candidates to introduce their work programs to the public while building public opinion that they are the right people to become leaders of the next period. Although of course, this is not the only major factor that shapes public opinion. The purpose of this study is to summarize the opinions of the people voiced through social media related to the election of candidates for the Indonesian President and Vice President for the period 2019-2024 post debate on the presidential election. While the benefit is to help the community so that they can understand in a broader context such as what the public opinion about presidential candidates, especially on social media Twitter. The results of this study were presidential candidate Joko Widodo - Makruf Amin obtained a 25% positive sentiment, 4.5% negative sentiment and 70.5% neutral sentiment. while the Prabowo Subianto - Sandiaga Uno pair received a 5.1% positive sentiment, 2.5% negative sentiment and 92.4% neutral sentiment.
Machine learning modelling of wet granulation scale-up using compressibility, compactibility and manufacturability parameters
Authors: Millen Nada , Kovacevic Aleksandar , Khera Lalit , Djuris Jelena , Ibric Svetlana
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this extensive study is to use a quality by design (QbD)
approach and multiple machine learning algorithms in facilitating wet
granulation process scale-up. This study investigated the extent of
influence of both formulation and process variables. Furthermore, measured
responses covered compressibility, compactibility and manufacturability of a
powder blend. Finally, the models developed on laboratory scale samples were
tested on pilot and commercial scale runs. Tablet detachment and ejection
work were calculated from force-displacement measurements. Significant
numerical and categorical input variables were identified by using a
stepwise regression model and their importance evaluated by using a boosted
trees model. Pilot scale runs resulted in the highest tablet tensile
strength and compaction work as well as the highest detachment and ejection
work. Critical quality attributes (CQAs) that were the most successfully
predicted were the compaction, decompaction, and net work, as well as the
tablet height. The most important input variable influencing all CQAs was
the compaction force. Application of the boosted regression trees model
resulted in the lowest Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) values for all of the
responses. This work demonstrates reliability of predictions of developed
models that can be successfully used as a part of a QbD approach for wet
granulation scale-up.
Propuesta de tablero de entrenamiento para automatización y control / Training Board Proposal for Automation and Control
Authors: Rincón Maltos Gerardo
Published: July 2019

Este documento tiene como intención proponer un diseño de tablero didáctico basado en un controlador lógico programable (PLC) S7-1200, lo más parecido a un tablero de control en la industria. Con este diseño, se busca considerar el involucramiento de los estudiantes en las múltiples formas de automatización existentes, apegándose a un plan de estudio de 70 % práctica y 30 % teoría, donde el alumno realizará programaciones de control mediante el lenguaje de escalera en Step 7, llevando a cabo conexiones directas al tablero; y realizará también las prácticas necesarias para elevar su nivel de aprendizaje. Este tablero está pensado para ser utilizado en asignaturas referentes a los temas de automatización y control. Como parte del proyecto se realiza una guía básica de prácticas, que van desde el principio de funcionamiento del relevador hasta la programación de un PLC, incluyendo ejercicios donde el alumno diseña diagramas eléctricos a partir de casos propuestos, para después comprobar su funcionamiento. La presente metodología es sencilla de seguir para la construcción de un tablero didáctico o la réplica del mismo.
Los signos del método de las acciones físicas de Stanislavski en el ámbito escénico contemporáneo
Authors: Jiménez Draguicevic Pamela Soledad
Published: July 2019

Este artículo se ha enfocado en esclarecer los conceptos de sistema, método y técnica gestados en torno a Konstantín Stanislavski y cómo los fue utilizando a lo largo de su trayectoria. A su vez, ha destacado la vigencia de uno de estos métodos en el ámbito escénico actual y los signos que se develan en este. A pesar de que Stanislavski expuso con cierta claridad su continua investigación y que sus compiladores cercanos no mostraron divergencias entre ellos, al transcribir su terminología y sus procedimientos, se ha presentado una inconsistencia terminológica por parte de sus compiladores indirectos.

Se partió de un marco teórico preciso que logró aclarar qué es sistema, método y técnica enfocados al área teatral, con la finalidad de formular conceptos definidos. Y se aplicó un método explicativo-descriptivo para exponer el cambio del método de la memoria de las emociones al método de las acciones físicas, ambos de Stanislavski, sin perder un sistema como marco unificador, y también para detallar los signos característicos que han identificado al segundo método; todo ello mediante el análisis de materiales documentales relevantes.

El método de las acciones físicas del sistema de Stanislavski es actual, vigente y necesario, puesto que lleva al actor a poner atención en las acciones físicas y en la fuerza interior que las provoca; a definir lo que haría el actor en la vida real si se encontrara en esa situación y en la condición del personaje interpretado, y a construir no solo un método psicotécnico de crear la vida del personaje, sino un método completo que entiende, reflexiona, analiza y responde a los diferentes ámbitos de la creación de un personaje a través de signos precisos y claros.
The Potential of Red Dragon Fruit Skin (Hylocereanea Polyrhizus) as a Corrosion Inhibitor
Authors: Sari Beti Nanda , Yufita Evi , Zulfalina Zulfalina
Published: July 2019

Penelitian tentang pengaruh ekstrak kulit buah naga merah (Hylocereus Polyrhizus) sebagai bahan inhibitor terhadap laju korosi baja plat hitam (Base Plate) A36 dengan menggunakan metode weight loss telah dilakukan. Kulit buah naga merah berpotensi sebagai bahan inhibitor organik karena mengandung senyawa antioksidan diantaranya flavonoid dan tanin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi volume larutan inhibitor yaitu 10, 20 dan 30 ml terhadap perubahan massa sampel, selain itu juga ingin mengetahui pengaruh variasi volume larutan inhibitor terhadap nilai laju korosi dan efesiensi inhibisi pada sampel baja A36. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, perubahan massa didapat dari selisih massa sebelum dan sesudah perendaman dalam larutan inhibitor, nilai perubahan massa maksimum pada volume 30 ml yaitu sebesar 0,073 g. Nilai laju korosi relatif untuk sampel yang dilapisi inhibitor akan semakin menurun, pada volume 30 ml yaitu sebesar 0,001 cm/tahun dengan nilai efisiensi sebesar 98%. Research on the effect of red dragon fruit peel extract (Hylocereus Polyrhizus) as an inhibitor material on the corrosion rate of A36 black plate steel using weight loss method has been carried out. Red dragon fruit skin potential as an organic inhibitor that is containing antioxidant compounds include flavonoids and tannins. This study aims to determine the effect of variations in inhibitor solution volume for 10, 20 and 30 ml on changes in sample mass, the effect of variation in inhibitor solution volume on corrosion rate value and inhibitor efficiency of A36 steel samples is also studied. Based on the results of the study, changes in mass were obtained from the difference in mass before and after immersion in an inhibitor solution, the maximum mass change value at a volume of 30 ml is equal to 0.073 g, while the value of the corrosion rate is relatively decreasing. At a volume of 30 ml, the corrosion rate is equal to 0.001 cm/year with an efficiency value of 98%. Keywords: Korosi, Antioksidan, Kulit, Buah Naga Merah, efisiensi
Investigation on Aneuk Laot Lake Water Depreciation Based on Distribution of Minor Fault with a Remote Sensing Method
Authors: Yusifa Nindi , Yanto Aljikri , Sairiyyah Shiyasatusy , Isa Muhammad
Published: July 2019

Danau Aneuk Laut berasal dari bekas kepundan gunungapi yang telah mati dan secara bertahap terisi air. Sejak 15 tahun belakangan ini danau mengalami penurunan muka air, hal ini diduga akibat Gempa dan tsunami pada 26 Desembar 2004. Pemantauan penyusutan air danau dilakukan dengan metode penginderaan jauh menggunakan data DEM SRTM dan citra satelit Landsat. DEM SRTM digunakan untuk analisis struktur sesar dan rekahan melalui peta Fault Fracture Density (FFD). Citra satelit landsat digunakan untuk identifikasi sebaran vegetasi menggunakan transformasi Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) dan klasifikasi tutupan lahan menggunakan metode Maximum likelhood dari tahun 2001-2017. Berdasarkan peta FFD ditemukan kelurusan tertinggi yaitu danau Aneuk Laot yang memiliki zona permeabel dari struktur geologi sehingga semakin kecil kerapatan struktur maka semakin besar permeabilitasnya. Peta penyusutan air danau dengan menghitung luas permukaan air danau dari periode 2001 -2017 telah mengalami penurunan sebesar 102.600 m². Untuk tahun 2001-2003 mengalami kenaikan sebesar 68700 m² dan pada tahun 2003-2004 mengalami penurunan sebesar -42300 m². Peta sebaran vegetasi di pulau Weh memiliki index vegetasi NDVI maksimum 0,863554 yang artinya memiliki sebaran vegetasi sangat rapat berwarna hijau pekat dan Index vegetasi minimum NDVI sebesar -0,375631 menunjukkan tidak adanya rapat vegetasi berwarna coklat. Aneuk Laot Lake comes from the former crater of a volcano that has died and gradually filled with water. For about 15 years lakes have decreased Lake water level, allegedly caused by earthquake and tsunami on 26 desembar 2004. Monitoring of lake water depreciation is done by remote sensing method using DEM SRTM data and Landsat satellite image. DEM SRTM is used for analysis of fault and fracture structures through the Fault Fracture Density (FFD) map. Landsat satellite imagery was used to identify vegetation distribution using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) transformation and land cover classification using Maximum likelihary method from 2001-2017. Based on the FFD map found the highest alignment of the Aneuk Laot lake that has a permeable zone of geological structure so that the smaller the density of the structure the greater the permeability. Map of the lake's water depreciation by calculating the lake surface area from 2001 -2017 has decreased by 102,600 m². For 2001-2003 increased by 68700 m² and in 2003-2004 decreased by -42300 m². The vegetation distribution map on Weh island has a maximum NDVI vegetation index of 0.863554 having very dense green vegetation density and a minimum vegetation index of NDVI-0.375631 indicating the absence of a brown vegetation meeting. Keywords: AneukLaot lake, DEM SRTM, Landsat, FFD
CLOSED ABDOMINAL INJURY WITH LIVER DAMAGE
Authors: Sigua B. V. , Zemlyanoy V. P. , Dyukov A. K.
Published: July 2019

An analysis of the treatment results was made in 447 patients with closed abdominal injury combined with liver damage. An individualized treatment-and-diagnostic program considering the data of field surgery- MT scale was applied in victims with closed abdominal trauma with liver damage. At the same time the classification E. Moore et.all (1990) for liver injuries was used for assistance. The indications for endovideosurgical homeostasis, a primary suture of liver wound and the hepatic resection were determined. The indications for packing the liver wound were specialized using strategy of «Damage control». An application of given individualized surgical strategy allowed reduction of the lethality level from 32,3% to 17,1% in the case of closed abdominal trauma with liver damage.
OBJECTIVE CRITERIA OF PATIENT’S READINESS TO FREE AUTOPLASTY IN CASE OF GRANULATING WOUNDS (CRITERIA OF READINESS OF GRANULATING WOUNDS TO OPERATION)
Authors: Yurova Yu. V. , Shlyk I. V. , Krylov P. K.
Published: July 2019

The article based on the analysis of 84 follow-up of the patients. The authors suggested using the indices of microbiological and immunological investigations and data of laser Doppler ultrasonography to determine the readiness of granulating wound to free autoplasty. The data obtained allowed developing an algorithm of treatment, patient’s preparation to surgery and determination of operation terms.
POSSIBILITIES OF USING CRYOSURGICAL METHOD IN TREATMENT OF DEPTH BRAIN TUMORS
Authors: Kholyavin A. I. , Nizkovolos V. B. , Martynov B. V. , Svistov D. V. , Anichkov A. D. , Alekseeva N. P.
Published: July 2019

Cryosurgical method is used in treatment of patients with glial tumors which localized in depth and functionally meaningful brain areas. These patients are generally considered as inoperable and receive conservative treatment. Their prognosis has become worse as compared to the patients whose brain tumor is available for surgical removal. The authors used a multiway stereotactic destruction of tumors by cryosurgical cannula, which is inserted in bone cutter opening using manipulator. MR-imaging and PET/CT of brain were applied for stereotactic guidance. The majority of patients who underwent this operation didn’t noticed any loss of quality of life. The rates of survival were higher than corresponding indicators for patients who were treated only by chemo- or radiation therapy and the rates were equal to the patients underwent the radical operations. Thus, the multiway stereotactic cryodestruction is a new, safe and effective method of surgical treatment for the patients with tumor localization in such areas, that their location blocked an application of traditional surgical removal by open method.
LASER-INDUCED THERMOTHERAPY OF COLLOIDAL CYSTIC THYROID NODULES: THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY
Authors: Petrov V. G. , Nelaeva A. A. , Khuchasheva I. A. , Melekhin E. V.
Published: July 2019

The authors studied the treatment results of application of the laser-induced thermotherapy method in 414 patients with nodular colloid goiter. Dynamics of the nodule sizes was estimated in 298 (72, 0%) patients. Dynamics of thyroid status was assessed in 132 (31, 8%) patients. The average size was reduced more than 60% among the nodules with the volume up to 1 cm³. In case of nodules with the volume more than 8 cm³, the average size was decreased more than 40%. The majority of nodules with the volume of 1 cm³ were reduced more than 50% (45 out of 80), other nodules 19 (23,8%) were decreased more than 75% and 12 nodules completely vanished. The nodules with the volume of 1-2 cm³ were reduced more than half of them on 50% (41 out of 71), the rest of the nodules - on 75% and more than fifth part of them. At the same time, there wasn’t noted the decrease more than 75% in the nodules with the volume of 4 cm ³. However, the volume decrease was observed among such nodules, the majority of the nodules were reduced more than a quarter. During this procedure the patients 305 (73,7%) felt some discomfort and low-intensive pain in area of manipulation. The pains were completely arrested in 289 patients in the end of this procedure, but aching continued in the case of 16 patients for more long time (from 12 to 24 hours). There was noted the temperature rise up to the level of low grade fever in 11 (2,7%) patients during 12-24 hours. Complications of laser-induced thermotherapy had 21 (5,1%) patients. An intracutaneous unstrained haematoma was defined in 15 patients in injection area. There was noted a skin burn in spot of the injection in 5 (1,2%) patients. Paresis of the vocal ligament took place in one patient (0,2%), but it was treated in phonopedist and mobility of the vocal ligament was restored. Hyperthyroidism was caused in two patients and, according to the authors, it could be associated with drug intake of “сordaron”.
MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF REGENERATION OF THE ACHILLES TENDON AFTER ITS CROSS TENOTOMY WITH INTERSECTION OF FASCIAL SHEATHS AND DAMAGE OF MESENTERIC VESSELS
Authors: Vlasov M. V. , Bugrov S. N. , Bogos’Yan A. B. , Musikhina I. V.
Published: July 2019

The article is aimed to study morphological features of regeneration process of the Achilles tendon after its cross tenotomy with intersection of facial sheaths and damage of mesenteric vessels in experiment on growing rabbits. The experiment was made on 25 rabbits of «Shinshilla» breed of both sexes in the age of one month with the mass of 1376±124,8 g. The processes of reparative regeneration of heel tendon were investigated. There was used a rabbit’s output from the experiment on 15, 21,30,60 and 90 days after cross tenotomy in number of five animal units. According to results of carried out researches, the considerable part of defect was completed by dense connective tissue obtaining scarry character on 60 days. There was observed an opposite development of defect zone, a focal substitution of dense fibrous tissue by loose connective tissue with histiocytic, lymphoid cells and inclusions of foci of fatty tissue on 90 days. The authors didn’t noted the complete recovery of tendinous tissues «retitucica ad integrum» in the zone of tenotomy, because of circulatory disturbance in this area due to damage of facial sheats and mesenteric vessels. Thereby, the reparative regeneration of heel tendon was originated in unfavorable conditions, because of cross tenotomy performance with intersection of synovial sheath and damage of mesenteric vessels. The results obtained indicated that it is necessary to avoid the damage of synovial sheathes and mesenteric vessels in cross intersection of heel tendon during correction of foot element deformations.
PREDICTORS OF FATAL OUTCOME IN PATIENTS WITH HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK IN GASTROINTESTINAL BLEEDING
Authors: Girsh A. O. , Stukanov M. M. , Chernenko S. V. , Stepanov S. S. , Maksimishin S. V. , Korzhuk M. S. , Malyuk A. I.
Published: July 2019

This work aimed to reveal the statistically reliable clinical and laboratory markers, which are associated with fatal outcomes in patients with hemorrhagic shock of the III degree on the stage of hospital treatment. It was stated that decrease of body temperature (till 35,9 °C), pH of venous blood (till 7,19) and content of ionized calcium (till 0,32 mmole/l) in venous blood and increase of lactate content (up to 4,1 mmole/l) in venous blood and rise of activated partial thromboplastin time (up to 59 sec) are connected with fatal outcomes.
SURGICAL TREATMENT FOR PATIENTS OF ELDERLY AND SENILE AGE WITH LOCALLY ADVANCED COLON CANCER
Authors: Maistrenko N. A. , Khvatov A. A. , Sazonov A. A.
Published: July 2019

The article analyzed the results of radical operative treatment of 102 patients aged 35-85 years old. It was shown that combined operations on patients of 60 years old and older were associated with high risk of somatic complications in postoperative period. However, these operations provided more higher rate of survival compared with patients younger than 60 years old and improved the quality of life.
RECONSTRUCTIVE AND RESTORATIVE OPERATIONS ON EXTRAHEPATIC BILE DUCTS USING MICROSURGICAL TECHNOLOGIES: EXPERIMENTAL SUBSTANTIATION AND CLINICAL EXPERIENCE
Authors: Tret’Yakov A. A. , Kagan I. I. , Neverov A. N. , Dronova O. B. , Petrov S. V. , Kuznetsov I. R.
Published: July 2019

The authors proposed the new methods of forming of microsurgical biliary-enteric anastomoses with sphincteric and antireflux properties. Development and anatomico-experimental substantiation of the new methods were performed on 68 experimental animals (dogs) and 20 organocomplexes of human cadavers. An experimental approbation of microsurgical biliary-enteric anastomoses showed the possibility, safety and high function of anastomoses. Microsurgical technique and developed methods of biliary-enteric anastomoses were applied on 65 patients with good results.
TREATMENT OF CONGENITAL PSEUDARTHROSIS OF THE TIBIA
Authors: Kutikov S. A. , Borzunov D. Yu. , D’Yachkova G. V. , Chevardin A. Yu.
Published: July 2019

The work is based on an analysis of treatment results of 47 patients with congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia. The Ilizarov technique of unfree osteoplasty was applied on these patients. The authors considered an application of combined variants of exterior and external osteosynthesis as very perspective in rehabilitation of the patients with congenital pseudarthrosis.
DIRECTED CYTOKINE THERAPY IN COMPLEX TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH OBSTRUCTIVE JAUNDICE OF CHOLELITHIC GENESIS
Authors: Gadzhiev D. N. , Tagiev E. G. , Gadzhiev N. D.
Published: July 2019

The article analyzed the results of surgical treatment of 137 patients with obstructive jaundice of benign genesis. An immune status was studied in serum in dynamics before surgery. The rates of CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, Ig A, M, G were determined on the first, third, seventh and fourteenth days after operation. The levels of TNFα, IFNγ, IL-2, IL-6, IL-4, IL-10 were investigated in serum and at the same time TNFα, IL-4, IL-6 were noted in the bile duct and IL-6 - in urine. Obstructive jaundice of cholelithiс genesis is characterized by disbalance of immune and cytokine status. The depth of disbalance depends on the degree of hepatic dysfunction and presence of purulent cholangitis. The directed cytokine therapy by ronkoleykin influenced positively on elimination of disbalance in immune and cytokine status and this therapy improved results of surgery in postoperative period.
RESULTS OF TREATMENT OF COLON CANCER WITH EXTENTION ON THE DUODENUM
Authors: Pomazkin V. I.
Published: July 2019

The article includes the experience of radical surgical treatment of colon cancer with tumor invasion into the duodenum. Patients (7 cases) underwent surgery. Their average age consisted of 72.3 years old. Right-sided hemicolectomy with atypical resection of the duodenum was performed on 6 patients. Pancreoduodenal resection with removal of the right half of the colon was carried out in one patient. The replacement of defect by overlay duodenojejunostomy with initial part of the small intestine was completed in 5 patients and the defect was sutured in one case during the atypical resection of the duodenum. There weren’t lethal outcomes after surgery. There was noted 3-year survival without relapse in 5 patients. According to the author, the atypical resection could be possible in limited invasion of the colon cancer in the duodenum with acceptable reliability level.
SURGICAL SAFETY CHECKLIST: FROM IDEA TO PRACTICAL APPLICATION
Authors: Akopov A. L. , Bechvaya G. T. , Abramyan A. A. , Lotsman E. V.
Published: July 2019

Methods of surgical interventions performing, modifications, instruments used for operation became more developed every year. In spite of this fact, tendency of increase of the rate of iatrogenic errors took place and it was possible to prevent these mistakes by application of Surgical Safety Checklist. The «checklists» are easily available, not very expensive in practice and they are simple to use. An application of such questionnaires could improve the team work and understanding between members of the crew, which could influence directly on operation outcome. The article presents the history of creation of safety list, the analysis of efficacy of «checklist» application in clinical practice in different countries, information about controversial questions in «checklist», perspectives of its application.
NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN TREATMENT OF FRACTURES OF THE UPPER EXTREMITIES IN PATIENTS WITH SEVERE MULTIPLE AND POLYTRAUMA
Authors: Gumanenko E. K. , Khromov A. A. , Linnik S. A. , Nazarov Kh. N. , Chapurin V. A. , Kucheev I. O. , Tashev A. A.
Published: July 2019

A comparative analysis of treatment results of fractures of long bones of the upper extremities was made in 172 victims with severe polytrauma. The traditional strategy of treatment was used in the first group. The new technologies such as prognostic tactics, method of Damage control orthopedics and low-invasive osteosynthesis developed by the authors were applied in the second group. The application of new technologies allowed doctors to improve the immediate and long-term results of surgery. The rate of lethality decreased in 1,6 times, incidence of complications reduced in 1,4 times. Hospital stay shortened in 2 times: for victims with favorable prognosis - on 7 days; for patients with unfavorable prognosis - on 13 days. The long-term results were studied in 154 (89,5%) patients. The common duration of treatment reduced on 30 days and the quantity of good results increased on 18,6%. The number of patients with vocational rehabilitation increased from 82,3 to 90,7%.
OPTIMIZATION OF LENGTH OF LOWER EXTREMITIES IN HIP REPLACEMENT
Authors: Shil’Nikov V. A. , Neverov V. A. , Denisov A. O. , Shubnyakov I. I.
Published: July 2019

An analysis of results of endoprosthesis was made in 93 patients with initial shortening of lower extremity more than 3 cm. There were revealed the main factors influencing on the result and developed the criteria of prediction of adjustment of extremity length such as assessment of duration of the disease, presence of implications of earlier performed operations, sex, age, degree of tissue rigidity, evidence of hip-spine syndrome and scoliosis.
SURGICAL STRATEGY AND TREATMENT OF POSTNECROTIC CYSTS OF PANCREAS
Authors: Bazhenova N. A. , Shornikov V. A.
Published: July 2019

The results of diagnostics and treatment were analyzed in 155 patients. Low-invasive drainage of cyst was made under control of ultrasound in 67 patients. The external drainage was carried out in 12 patients, internal drainage with cystojejunoanastomosis - in 23, cystogastroanastomosis - in 3, sleeve pancreatojejunostomy- in 6, resection of the tail of pancreas - in 2. The authors considered that it is important to have the differentiated approach to different methods of operative treatment of cysts of the pancreas according to their localization, size and degree of wall formation.
SONOELASTOGRAPHY IN DIAGNOSTICS AND SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH RECTOCELE
Authors: Khitar’Yan A. G. , Zavgorodnyaya R. N. , Dul’Erov K. A. , Stagniev D. V. , Kovalev S. A. , Bolotskov A. S.
Published: July 2019

The aim of this work was an optimization of surgical strategy and improvement of results of rectocele treatment. A clinical group consisted of 87 women suffered from rectocele of 2-3 degree. The patients were divided into 2 groups in dependence of surgical strategy. Levatoroplasty and colporrhaphy were performed from transvaginal access in patients of the first group (n=38). The plasty of rectocele was made in the second group (n=49) using combined transvaginal and transrectal accesses. The surgery included a sacrospinal fixation of cupula of the vagina, colporrhaphy supplemented by transrectal «11-hour» mucopecsia on the hight up to 5 cm from dentate line. There was stated that the major diagnostic criteria of functional insufficiency of pelvic floor were the sonoelastometric study of stiffness of the perineum muscles and tonometric research of gradient of vagina pressure in case of rest and tension. They were associated with the severity of rectocele. Operative intervention was more physiological, accompanied by less rate of recurrence, more high parameters of life quality and recommended for patients with 3 degree of rectocele in the second group. The expression of functional insufficiency of vagina muscles is the basis for choice of surgical strategy in case of prolapse.
PREDICTIVE RISK ASSESSMENT SCALE OF ISCHEMIC COLITIS DEVELOPMENT IN PATIENTS WITH ELECTIVE INFRARENAL AORTIC ANEURISM REPAIR
Authors: Yaitsky N. A. , Bedrov A. Ya. , Moiseev A. A. , Rybakov G. V.
Published: July 2019

The article presents the scale developed by authors of prognostic assessment of ischemic colitis evolution in patients after planned resection of infrarenal aortic aneurism. A retrospective analysis of medical histories of 201 operated patients and statistical data manipulation were made at the period from 1985 to 2016. It was stated, that score less than 2 points represents patients of high risk group of ischemic colitis development. The scale of sensitivity consisted of 80% and scale of specificity - 63,4%. The score of developed scale depended of passability and blood flow condition in the inferior mesenteric, the right and left internal iliac arteries being evaluated during surgery. The aim of surgeons is to increase the number of points in the scale using revascularization of the inferior mesenteric and at least one of internal iliac artery in patients of the high risk group of ischemic colitis development.
SUBSTANTIATION OF APPLICATION OF ALLOGENIC FIBROBLASTS IN TREATMENT OF EXTENSIVE BURNS
Authors: Fistal’ E. Ya. , Soloshenko V. V.
Published: July 2019

Recent researches left no doubt in clinical efficacy of allogenic fibroblasts transplantation in case of burn treatment. There are several problems concerning indications and terms of transplantation performance of cell culture in treatment of boundary burns. The authors would like to prove an application of allogenic fibroblast culture in surgical treatment of victims with extensive dermal burns. The authors analyzed the results of surgical treatment of 36 miners, who were cured in burn department of V.K. Gusak Institute of Emergency and Plastic Surgery (Donetsk) at the period from 2004 to 2013. It was found that the application of fetal allogenic fibroblasts reduced the number of repeated autoplasty on 36% in main group of patients due to optimization of wound healing in case of burns.
APPLICATION OF PLASMA FLOWS IN SOFT TISSUE INFECTION
Authors: Shulutko A. M. , Osmanov E. G. , Gogokhiya T. R. , Khmyrova S. E.
Published: July 2019

The authors analyzed the results of treatment of 489 patients with surgical soft tissue infection at the period from 2004 to 2015. The argon and air-plasma flows in different regimes were applied in following local therapy during surgical d-bridement. The results obtained were compared with results of 280 patients who were treated using common me thod (control group). There was revealed that plasma processing of necrotic suppurative focus significantly accelerated wound cleansing and following reparation of post-necrotic wounds in 1.5-1,8 times regardless the severity and extent of covering tissue lesion. The method allowed doctors to decrease significantly the rate of microbial contamination of the focus and shorten the hospital stay. Similar trends were noted in terms of fever relief, pain syndrome and other important indices.
TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH GANGRENE FOURNIER
Authors: Priyma O. B.
Published: July 2019

The study analyzed the course of gangrene Fournier and applied methods of treatment. The author presented 25-year experience of treatment of 15 patients with gangrene Fournier. The article showed biochemical indices of the patients, surgical procedures and methods of intensive infusion therapy. There was noted, that the necrosis area had a prevailing value among lesion sizes of necrotic process. An intensity of endotoxemia was essential. Thus, the presence of failure of more than three systems of internal organs was an unfavorable sign of disease outcome.
TREATMENT OF LARGE AND GIANT MELANOCYTIC NEVI OF MAXILLOFACIAL AREA IN CHILDREN
Authors: Usol’Tseva A. S. , Stepanova Yu. V. , Krasnogorskiy I. N. , Tsyplakova M. S.
Published: July 2019

OBJECTIVE. The study determined the choice of treatment method according to morphological structure of large and giant congenital melanocytic nevi of maxillofacial region. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Several options of surgical treatment were applied in 40 children of different age such as local plasty, expander dermotension and transplantation of free skin graft. The features of maxillofacial region were taken into account. RESULTS. The scheme of staged surgical treatment was developed. All the patients had constant positive results. These data were evaluated conside ring choice of surgical treatment and features of morphological structure of removed nevi. CONCLUSIONS. The guidelines of staged surgical treatment developed by authors allowed them to improve the results of patient cure.