bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identity Verification in Virtual Education Using Biometric Analysis Based on Keystroke Dynamics
Authors: Escobar Grisales Daniel , Vásquez-Correa Juan. C. , Vargas-Bonilla Jesús F. , Orozco-Arroyave Juan Rafael
Published: February 2020

Virtual education has become one of the tools most widely used by students at all educational levels, not just because of its convenience and flexibility, but also because it can expand educational coverage. All these benefits also bring along multiple issues in terms of security and reliability in the evaluation the of student’s knowledge because traditional identity verification strategies, such as the combination of username and password, do not guarantee that the student enrolled in the course really takes the exam. Therefore, a system with a different type of verification strategy should be designed to differentiate valid users from impostors. This study proposes a new verification system based on distances computed among Gaussian Mixture Models created with different writing task. The proposed approach is evaluated in two different modalities namely intrusive verification and non-intrusive verification. The intrusive mode provides a false positive rate of around 16 %, while the non-intrusive mode provides a false positive rate of 12 % In addition, the proposed strategy for non-intrusive verification is compared to a work previously reported in the literature and the results show that our approach reduces the equal error rate in about 24.3 %. The implemented strategy does not need additional hardware; only the computer keyboard is required to complete the user verification, which makes the system attractive, flexible, and practical for virtual education platforms.
Arquitectura de servicios adaptativos para un proceso de co-creación con estudiantes con altas capacidades
Authors: Uribe-Ríos Mery Yolima , Fabregat Ramón , Jové Teodor , Tesouro Montserrat
Published: February 2020

Con el objetivo de ayudar a motivar a los estudiantes con altas capacidades en su proceso de aprendizaje, se propone que participen en la co-creación de su material educativo. Pero la participación no es suficiente, es importante hacer que esta se convierta en una experiencia personal y cercana a sus características y a su contexto. Para conseguirlo, se ha definido un proceso de co-creación de material educativo, denominado Co-CreHAs, en el que se orienta su adaptación de acuerdo a las necesidades del estudiante con altas capacidades. Esta adaptación se desarrolla en AdaptHAs, que es el módulo de adaptación de Co-CreHAs. En este artículo, se presentan el diseño y la validación de la arquitectura de los servicios adaptativos de AdaptHAs, de los cuales, el diseño se basa en el análisis de las características de las altas capacidades y del proceso de co-creación. Gracias a dicho análisis, se identificaron el tipo de perfiles de adaptación a definir, los aspectos de los participantes que se trabajarían en cada perfil y los momentos del proceso de co-creación en que se podrían usar los perfiles definidos para personalizarlo. Asimismo, la validación de la arquitectura se hace a través del análisis de tres experiencias de co-creación con estudiantes con altas capacidades, sus padres y sus profesores, para el cual se ha usado la extensión Co-CreHAs para Moodle, desarrollada en el marco de la arquitectura. Con base en dicha validación, se observó que la arquitectura propuesta es una guía para la adaptación de la co-creación y para el desarrollo de un software que permita llevarla a la práctica con los servicios adaptativos definidos. También se estima que el proceso propuesto y la adaptación implementada influyen en la motivación de los estudiantes con altas capacidades frente a la co-creación de su material educativo.
Representación del conocimiento de un proceso de co-creación de material educativo
Authors: Meneses Ortegón Juan P. , Jové Teodor , Puiggalí Joan , Fabregat Ramón
Published: February 2020

En esta investigación, el uso de la co-creación busca apoyar la generación de material educativo por parte de estudiantes con altas capacidades, gracias a la participación de profesores y padres de los estudiantes. Durante este proceso, las características de los estudiantes como la personalidad, los gustos, las necesidades y habilidades deben ser consideradas y consolidadas, para que el material educativo co-creado sea de interés para ellos. La creación de material educativo para estudiantes tiende a aislar a estos y sus aportes, lo que deriva en materiales genéricos que pueden no ser un apoyo para el proceso de todos los estudiantes. Adicionalmente, los estudiantes con altas capacidades, debido a sus características, tienden a perder interés en el uso de los materiales educativos, razón por la que resulta importante involucrarlos en su creación, a fin de que su conocimiento aporte valor al producto. Para que todos los participantes tengan en cuenta el conocimiento generado durante el desarrollo del proceso de co‑creación, se ha diseñado e implementado un sistema de gestión del conocimiento, que contiene un módulo para la representación del conocimiento sobre los participantes del proceso. La metodología Ciencia del Diseño fue utilizada para el desarrollo de esta investigación, ya que permite diseñar el sistema desde una perspectiva teórica y del entorno, de manera que, una vez identificada la teoría y el entorno del sistema, este pueda ser diseñado y validado. La validación de dicho sistema se adelanta al identificar la percepción de los participantes sobre este. Se ha observado que la representación del conocimiento de los participantes les permite tener presentes las características de los estudiantes y su relación con el tema seleccionado para el proceso de co-creación, las actividades desarrolladas y los aportes (contribuciones, argumentos e ideas).
Google como empresa de negocios digitales: “Google Buscador” en el contexto de la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial (RSE)
Authors: Molero Gerardo
Published: February 2020

En tiempos de globalización, el pensamiento que rige la actividad económica ha acentuado la exigencia a la empresa de incorporar las nuevas perspectivas de la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial (RSE) como una nueva visión del negocio. De este modo, desde la perspectiva de los stakeholders (grupos de interés), Google pone a disposición de los usuarios en un ámbito global su Innovación Tecnológica ¨Google Buscador¨, colaborando en la obtención de información general y contenidos temáticos curriculares que ayudan a la formación y desarrollo tanto personal como profesional. En esta investigación se desarrolla como ejemplo la Innovación Tecnológica “Google Buscador”, sus atributos y funcionamiento desde la Teoría de los stakeholders. En la metodología se trabajó con la Teoría Fundamentada a partir de la pregunta de investigación ¿Se pudiera considerar que la innovación tecnológica “Google Buscador” cumple con los ámbitos estratégicos de la responsabilidad social empresarial y al mismo tiempo genera oportunidades de negocio a sus usuarios? Se concluye que la empresa Google como negocio a través  de ¨Google Buscador¨ ofrece una de las innovaciones tecnológicas de mayor utilidad, relevancia e impacto en la generación de nuevos negocios junto a su filosofía y valores de empresa socialmente responsable.
Dificultad en la identificación de la Partida Arancelaria: Exportación de prendas de fibra de vicuña pura
Authors: Linares Vizcarra Mitzi Lourdes Del carmen
Published: February 2020

La investigación se centró en determinar la incidencia de la dificultad en la identificación del contenido de la partida arancelaria en la política aduanera y dinamismo exportador de prendas de vestir de fibra de vicuña pura al mercado estadounidense 2005-2017. Metodología: la población estuvo constituida por las partidas arancelarias 2005-2017. Resultados: (a) La dificultad en la identificación del contenido de la partida arancelaria en la política aduanera incidió negativamente en las operaciones exportadoras de prendas de vestir de fibra de vicuña en la categoría 51 durante el periodo 2013-2017; (b) La dificultad en la identificación del contenido de la partida arancelaria en la política aduanera incide significativamente en las operaciones exportadoras de prendas de vestir de fibra de vicuña hacia el mundo durante el periodo del 2005 al 2017. Conclusión: La dificultad del contenido de la partida arancelaria en la política aduanera incide negativamente en el dinamismo exportador de prendas de vestir de fibra de vicuña al mercado estadounidense, ya que se verificó que el valor de exportación en miles de dólares americanos para el periodo 2015, 2016 y 2017 son similares estadísticamente (Prueba H’ Kruskal Wallis 0,063; p 0,969).
Modelos de Simulación para la Evaluación de Proyectos de Inversión
Authors: Delgado Tello Pelayo
Published: February 2020

El modelo de Simulación es un instrumento de  evaluación útil que permite analizar con profundidad  la evaluación de proyectos de inversión, mejorando la toma de decisión del inversionista. Contribuye a investigar nuevas ideas de proyectos y ayuda a la identificación de las oportunidades de inversión tendientes a la reformulación de proyectos, adecuándose a las actitudes y requisitos del inversionista.
Una alternativa de decisión es mediante la esperanza matemática que se emplea en el cálculo de probabilidades de que  se produzca un evento.
El hecho de que no se realice una buena estimación de los elementos que intervienen en el cálculo de rentabilidad, puede conducir a dejar sin  validez  el análisis, y, por consiguiente, puede dar   lugar a que se aprueben proyectos que no sean rentables y viceversa. Cuando se conoce la probabilidad de ocurrencia de  un suceso cada cierto número de años, se suele aplicar un determinado porcentaje durante ese periodo. Por ejemplo, si la probabilidad de que ocurra un evento es de 20 años, se aplicará un porcentaje del 5% cada año.
Analyzing the business roundtable statement on the purpose of a corporation and linking it to corporate governance
Authors: Grove Hugh , Holcomb John , Clouse Maclyn , Xu Tracy
Published: February 2020

The 2019 Business Roundtable Statement on the Purpose of a Corporation, endorsed by 183 CEOs of major U.S. companies, is not such a dramatic break from the past, but rather the next step in a steady retreat from a purely financial approach and an evolution to embrace a stakeholder approach, which is now gaining more and more lip service. The major purpose of this paper is to analyze this Business Roundtable Statement and relate it to three major corporate governance issues: CEO pay, non-financial performance metrics, and sustainability reporting. Then the paper introduces the Commonsense Corporate Governance Principles, which were initially published in 2016 and updated with Version 2.0 in 2018, sponsored by 21 CEOs of major U.S. companies. These Principles provide significant guidance and recommendations for corporations, boards of directors, shareholders, and other stakeholders to follow if they want to create an environment-friendly to meet the fundamental commitments in the Business Roundtable Statement. Accordingly, the major sections of this paper are introduction, CEO pay issues, non-financial performance metrics, sustainability reporting, corporate governance impacts, key points in both versions of the Commonsense Principles, key changes in the Commonsense Principles 2.0, discussion, and conclusions.
Periodic solution of the DS-I-A epidemic model with stochastic perturbations
Authors: Liu Songnan , Xu Xiaojie
Published: February 2020

The paper introduces DS-I-A model with periodical coefficients. First of all,
we show that there is a unique positive solution of the stochastic model.
Furthermore we deduce the conditions under which the disease will end and
continue. At last, we draw a conclusion that there exists nontrivial
positive periodic solution for the stochastic system by stochastic Lyapunov
functions. Simulations are also carried out to confirm our analytical
results.
A class of constacyclic codes over the ring Z4[u,v]/ and their Gray images
Authors: Islam Habibul , Prakash Om
Published: February 2020

In this paper, we study (1 + 2u + 2v)-constacyclic and skew (1 + 2u +
2v)-constacyclic codes over the ring Z4 + uZ4 + vZ4 + uvZ4 where u2 = v2 =
0,uv = vu. We define some new Gray maps and show that the Gray images of (1
+ 2u + 2v)-constacyclic and skew (1 + 2u + 2v)-constacyclic codes are
cyclic, quasi-cyclic and permutation equivalent to quasi-cyclic codes over
Z4. Further, we determine the structure of (1 + 2u + 2v)-constacyclic codes
of odd length n.
New pseudo-random number generator based on improved discrete-space chaotic map
Authors: Lambic Dragan , Nikolic Mladen
Published: February 2020

In this paper, a new pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) based on improved
onedimensional discrete-space chaotic map is proposed. Like the original,
the improved map relies on bijective mapping of permutations and natural
numbers. Instead of using standard Lehmer code, we use a mapping computable
in linear time, which significantly speeds up the PRNG. Results of NIST
800-22 test suite and TestU01 test suite confirm that the proposed approach
can be used for generation of pseudo-random numbers. Due to discrete nature
of used chaotic map, the proposed PRNG is not influenced by dynamical
degradation and has virtually unlimited key space. Proposed approach has
much better ratio between required memory and security level than previous
secure one-dimensional discrete-space chaotic PRNGs. Also, proposed PRNG is
much faster than other secure PRNGs of the same type. Satisfactory speed and
small memory requirements indicate that proposed PRNG has properties
desirable for use in devices with limited memory space, such as wireless
sensor networks.
Reeb flow symmetry on 3-dimensional almost paracosymplectic manifolds
Authors: Küpeli Irem
Published: February 2020

Mainly, we prove that the Ricci operator Q of an 3-dimensional almost
paracosymplectic manifold M is invariant along the Reeb flow, that is M
satisfies L?Q = 0 if and only if M is an almost paracosymplectic k-manifold
with k ? -1.
On Nikodým and Rainwater sets for ba (R) and a problem of M. Valdivia
Authors: Ferrando J.C. , López-Alfonso S. , López-Pellicer M.
Published: February 2020

If R is a ring of subsets of a set ? and ba (R) is the Banach space of bounded
finitely additive measures defined on R equipped with the supremum norm, a
subfamily ? of R is called a Nikod?m set for ba (R) if each set {?? : ???}
in ba (R) which is pointwise bounded on ? is norm-bounded in ba (R). If
the whole ring R is a Nikod?m set, R is said to have property (N), which
means that R satisfies the Nikod?m-Grothendieck boundedness theorem. In
this paper we find a class of rings with property (N) that fail
Grothendieck?s property (G) and prove that a ring R has property (G) if and
only if the set of the evaluations on the sets of R is a so-called Rainwater
set for ba(R). Recalling that R is called a (wN)-ring if each increasing web
in R contains a strand consisting of Nikod?m sets, we also give a partial
solution to a question raised by Valdivia by providing a class of rings
without property (G) for which the relation (N)?(wN) holds.
Profiles of compounds in root exudates of rice, Cymbopogon, Desmodium, Mucuna and maize
Authors: Kaiira Moses , Chemining’wa George , Ayuke Fredrick , Baguma Yona , Nganga Fredrick
Published: February 2020

Roots of crop species produce exudates with biologically active chemicals
which are known to affect the growth of crops and weed species. An
experiment was conducted at the Uganda National Crop Resources Research
Institute, Namulonge during 2016 to identify compounds released in root
exudates of potted Cymbopogon nardus, Desmodium uncinatum, upland rice
(NERICA 1), Mucuna pruriens and Zea mays (LONGE 6H) at forty-five days after
planting. This marked near the average stationary phase for test crop growth
when secondary metabolite levels were high. Organic compounds in soils were
extracted using solid-phase micro-extraction (SPME) and by solvent
extraction. Samples were subjected to analysis using a 7890A Gas
Chromatography system. Data files were transferred into a distinct folder
and data was uploaded onto the XCMS online platform for pairwise comparison
and other related statistical analyses in the National Institute of Science
and Technology Library. The blank soil produced 15 terpenoids, two alcohols
and one each of trihalomethanes, ethers, phenols, ketones, furans, alkanes
and aldehydes. Cymbopogon exuded five terpenoids, one phenol and an alkane.
Desmodium plant roots released three terpenoids, one alkane and a phenol.
The rice crop produced eight terpenoids, two alkanes and a furan. Five
terpenoids, one phenol and an alkane were released by the mucuna crop, while
six terpenoids were found in maize soil. The profiled compounds from
cymbopogon, desmodium, rice, mucuna and maize could be responsible for
allelopathic properties expressed by the study crops in natural and
agricultural ecosystems and could be used in synthesis and development of
herbicides.
Accrual Management and the Decision to Sell or Hold Shares Acquired from the Exercise of Employee Stock Options
Authors: Smith Thomas J. , Huston G. Ryan , Morton Richard M.
Published: February 2020

This study extends the employee stock option literature by examining how the timing of sales of shares acquired at exercise varies with accrual management both before and after the exercise date. We find evidence that accrual management prior to exercise is positively associated with the decision to quickly sell shares after exercise, increasing the profitability of a short-term exercise-and-sell strategy. Alternatively, we find that post-exercise accrual management is associated with executives choosing to delay selling shares, consistent with minimizing personal income taxes. Specifically, our results suggest that executives are more likely to sell immediately after satisfying the minimum (12 month) holding period for long-term capital gain treatment when they have more income-increasing accruals during the holding period. These results expand on prior research that focused on earnings management leading up to option exercise.

JEL Classifications: H24; J33; M12; M21; M52.

Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
ACE and Type 2 Diabetes Risk: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Pigeyre Marie , Sjaarda Jennifer , Chong Michael , Hess Sibylle , Bosch Jackie , Yusuf Salim , Gerstein Hertzel , Paré Guillaume
Published: February 2020

OBJECTIVE

To determine whether ACE inhibitors reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes using a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

A two-sample MR analysis included 17 independent genetic variants associated with ACE serum concentration in 4,147 participants from the Outcome Reduction with Initial Glargine INtervention (ORIGIN) (clinical trial reg. no. NCT00069784) trial, and their effects on type 2 diabetes risk were estimated from 18 studies of the DIAbetes Genetics Replication And Meta-analysis (DIAGRAM) consortium. A genetic risk score (GRS) underpinning lower ACE concentration was then tested for association with type 2 diabetes prevalence in 341,872 participants, including 16,320 with type 2 diabetes, from the UK Biobank. MR estimates were compared after standardization for blood pressure change, with the estimate obtained from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) meta-analysis of ACE inhibitors versus placebo (n = 31,200).

RESULTS

Genetically lower ACE concentrations were associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes (odds ratio [OR] per SD 0.92 [95% CI 0.89–0.95]; P = 1.79 × 10−7). This result was replicated in the UK Biobank (OR per SD 0.97 [0.96–0.99]; P = 8.73 × 10−4). After standardization, the ACE GRS was associated with a larger decrease in type 2 diabetes risk per 2.4-mmHg lower mean arterial pressure (MAP) compared with that obtained from an RCT meta-analysis (OR per 2.4-mmHg lower MAP 0.19 [0.07–0.51] vs. 0.76 [0.60–0.97], respectively; P = 0.007 for difference).

CONCLUSIONS

These results support the causal protective effect of ACE inhibitors on type 2 diabetes risk and may guide therapeutic decision making in clinical practice.
Nisin ve Sodyum Aljinat İçeren Kağıt Kaplamalarının Hazırlanması ve Antimikrobiyal Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: KANDIRMAZ Emine
Published: February 2020

Son yüzyılda artan dünya nüfusu ve çevre kirliliğinin sonucu olarak gıda kaynaklarındaki azalmalar doğal ve işlenmiş gıdaların muhafazasını daha da önemli hale getirmiştir. Bu kapsamda yeni işleme teknolojileri yanında daha uzun raf ömrü sağlayan ambalaj ve depolama tekniklerinin geliştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Biyopolimerlerden elde edilen yenilebilir kaplamalar; doğal, ucuz ve çevre dostu özelliklerinden ötürü son yıllarda gıda ambalajlama materyali olarak sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. İyi kaliteye sahip yenilebilir bir malzemenin; duyusal özellikleri (şeffaf, tatsız ve kokusuz) yanında bariyer özellikleri (nem, oksijen geçirgenlikleri), gıda ile malzeme ve/veya atmosfer ile malzeme arasında gerçekleşebilecek fiziksel ve biyokimyasal reaksiyonlara karşı kararlı yapıda olması, sağlık açısından güvenilir, çevreyle dost ve düşük maliyetli olması önemlidir. Yenilebilir filme antimikrobiyal özellikler kazandırılarak daha uzun ömürlü gıda koruması gerçekleştirilebilmektedir. Gıdalara raf ömrü artırmak amacıyla antimikrobiyal özellik gösterdiği bilinen maddeler; nisin, natamisin, askorbik asit veya sodyum aljinat sayılabilmektedir.
Bu çalışmada nisin ve sodyum aljinat ve bunların ikili karışımlarının dolgu maddesi olarak eklendiği nişasta bazlı kâğıt kaplama formülasyonları hazırlanmıştır. Elde edilen biyo kaplamaların kimyasal yapısı ATR-FTIR ile aydınlatılmıştır. Biyo kaplamaların renk, parlaklık, temas açısı ve yüzey morfolojisi belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen boş, nisin katkılı, sodium aljinat katkılı ve nisin-sodyum aljinat katkılı nişasta biyokaplamaların antimikrobiyal özellikleri Listeria Monocytogenes gram pozitif ve Escherichia coli gram negatif bakterileri üzerinde incelenmiştir. Elde edilen kaplamalara magenta renkli mürekkep ile IGT C1 ofset test baskı makinası ile baskılar yapılmış ve elde edilen baskıların renk ve parlaklık değişimleri incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak antibakteriyel biyokaplamalar başarıyla üretilmiştir. İçerisine dolgu maddesi olarak gıda koruyucu içeren filmlerde bakteri üremesini azaltma oranları nisin-sodyum aljinat katkılı nişasta biyokaplama ˃ sodyum aljinat katkılı nişasta biyokaplama ˃ nisin katkılı nişasta biyokaplama şeklinde sıralanabilir.
Decolonising Subalternity through Effective History in Ishmael Reed’s Yellow Back Radio Broke-Down and Sonallah Ibrahim’s Zaat
Authors: Abdelgawad Dr. Naeema
Published: February 2020

In Section One of Manifesto of the Communist Party, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, formulating a comprehensive theory of history, contend:   The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles. Freeman and slave, patrician and plebeian, lord and serf, guild master and journeyman, in a word, oppressor and oppressed, stood in constant opposition to one another, carried on an uninterrupted, now hidden, now open fight. (91)   Marx and Engels believe that in any society, history marks a conflict between two struggling opposites; noting that the one in the privileged position oppresses the one who is not. Regretfully, that type of struggle never subsides; it seems to be perpetual as it is, sometimes, ‘open’ and, other times, hidden. The same is applied to colonised and ex-colonised countries. However, theirs is not a 'history of class struggles' but of a Master-Subaltern struggle. In this struggle, resisting subalternity is achieved through legitimating the existence of the Subalterns, a process that is realised by urging the colonisers or the colonisers' surrogates to recognise the subalterns' Being, which necessitates admitting not only the existence of the Subalterns, but also being conscious of them as individuals1. This is brought about by occupying a powerful position that is attained through heightening the Subaltern's sense of identity in the course of history. The result is, the paper argues, an active process of decolonising the Self, especially when an 'effective history' comes into existence to pave the way for the Subaltern to achieve self-realisation; as revealed in the Foucauldian thought and, also, the Hegelian and Heideggerian philosophy. The paper aims at analysing the empowerment process of the Subaltern in both Ishmael Reed's Yellow Back Radio Broke-Down (1969) and Sonallah Ibrahim's Zaat (1992) by comparing and contrasting different types of Subalterns as well as colonisers and colonisers' surrogates. The paper also sets out to explore the Subaltern's means of self-projection to acquire a position of power based upon history so as to examine the discourse of history in both African American and  Egyptian postcolonial literature.
Strategi Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dalam Pelaksanaan Program Desa Mandiri Energi
Authors: Aisah Ichda Umul , Herdiansyah Herdis
Published: February 2020

Energi merupakan komponen terpenting dalam rangka pembangunan suatu bangsa. Tidak dapat dipungkiri bahwa energi adalah penggerak aktivitas ekonomi dan sosial. Energi yang umumnya dipakai oleh negara di dunia adalah bahan bakar fosil baik dalam bentuk minyak maupun gas dan batu bara. Dewasa ini ketersediaan bahan bakar fosil terus menyusut, sementara kebutuhannya terus meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya aktivitas sosial dan ekonomi. Tantangan terbesar kedepan adalah inovasi energi yang dapat menggantikan peran bahan bakar fosil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemberdayaan dan menyusun strategi pelaksanaan program Desa Mandiri Energi di desa Haurngombong. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah metode kualitatif dengan melakukan studi kasus melalui observasi dan wawancara mendalam pada masyarakat. Selain itu, dalam penelitian ini juga dilakukan analisis SWOT untuk menemukan strategi pelaksanaan program Desa Mandiri Energi di desa Haurngombong. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa energi alternatif yang diproduksi oleh masyarakat desa Haurngombong adalah biogas dari kotoran ternak sapi yang dikembangkan dengan melalui pemberdayaan masyarakat khususnya peternak sapi. Jenis konstruksi biogas yang dikembangkan adalah plastik, fiber, dan beton. Pembuatan biogas ini dipelopori oleh seorang peternak, pemanfaatan biogas hingga saat ini digunakan untuk biogas dan listrik. Untuk memastikan keberlanjutan produksi biogas ini diperlukan adanya ketersediaan bahan baku (kotoran sapi), peningkatkan mutu biogas, serta upaya pengembangan teknologi instalasi biogas, upaya penguatan anggota peternak dengan kelompok, upaya peningkatkan kerjasama dengan pihak luar program, upaya peningkatkan manajemen usaha ternak, upaya pemasyarakatkan biogas sebagai energi alternatif dan menjalin kerjasama jasa kredit perbankan guna pengembangan program. Namun demikian perlu adanya antisipasi kelemahan program yang telah berlangsung dengan optimalisasi jangkauan instalasi biogas, dan pemberian modal instalasi genset biogas.
Model Pengembangan Ekowisata Mangrove di Pesisir Timur Lampung (Studi di Desa Margasari, Kecamatan Labuhan Maringgai, Lampung Timur)
Authors: Valentina Annissa
Published: February 2020

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi yang dapat dikembangkan untuk kegiatan ekowisata dari mulai potensi alam, potensi budaya, potensi SDM hingga ketersediaan energi di Desa Margasari, Kecamatan Labuhan Maringgai, Lampung Timur. Kembalinya hutan mangrove di Desa Margasari yang berada di wilayah pesisir sebelah Timur Lampung mendorong usaha pembelajaran tentang fungsi-fungsinya, baik secara ekologis, ekonomis maupun social yang ditandai dengan pulihnya keanekaragaman hayati ekosistem mangrove. Hal ini berdampak baik karena memunculkan peningkatankeragaman tanaman mangrove, jenis ikan, invertebrata bahkan jenis burung yang menjadikannya memiliki daya tariknya sebagai tujuan ekowisata. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan alternatif strategi bagi pengembangan ekowisata di wilayah Desa Margasari.Metodologi yang digunakan yakni metode deskriptif, namun bersifat aplikatif, sehingga secara aktual dapat digunakan oleh para perencana dan pengambil keputusan pembangunan di wilayah ini.. Melalui observasi, survey dengan menyebarkan kuesioner, seta wawancara pada stakeholder pengelola hingga penduduk setempat hingga pengunjung, didapatkan data mengenai pengembangan ekowisata mangrove yang telah dilakukan oleh pengelola (pemerintah desa dan pokdarwis) dan perkembangannya sejak awal dibangunnya lokasi wisata setahun yang lalu. Model yang paling tepat digunakan untuk pengembangan ekowisata mangrove Desa Margasari adalah community based on tourism yang mengangkat potensi ekowisata melalui masyarakat setempat.
ANALISIS SELEKSI DAN PENEMPATAN PEKERJA SOSIAL DI PUSAT KESEJAHTERAAN SOSIAL (PUSKESOS) KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Hardiansyah Rizeki , Nulhaqim Soni Akhmad
Published: February 2020

Pegawai merupakan asset sebuah organisasi dan berfungsi sebagai penggerak utama dari seluruh aktivitas sebuah organisasi. Tersedianya pegawai yang handal dan profesional di bidangnya merupakan kunci keberhasilan sebuah organisasi. Pihak organisasi harus menempatkan orang yang berkompeten pada posisi yang tepat. Dengan penempatan pegawai yang tetap yang didasari oleh proses seleksi yang efektif akan mengurangi permasalahan-permasalahan organisasi yang muncul kedepannya. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan untuk menganalisis pelaksanaan proses seleksi, dan penempatan pegawai pada Pusat Kesejahteraan Sosial (PUSKESOS) Kota Bandung adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dalam penelitian ini menganalisa tentang bagaimana proses seleksi, dan penempatan pekerja sosial di Pusat Kesejahteraan Sosial (PUSKESOS) Kota Bandung untuk mendapatkan calon pegawai. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa proses seleksi dilimpahkan secara penuh kepada pihak ketiga dalam merekrut pegawai di PUSKESOS, sehingga peran organisasi ini pun yang notabene lebih tau akan kebutuhan organisasinya bersifat minoritas. Penggunaan alat skrining kurang efektif karena menggunakan metode sistem gugur, sehingga tidak semua kandidat mempunyai kesempatan yang sama dalam rangkaian proses seleksi ini.
STUDI DESKRIPTIF TINGKAT PERKEMBANGAN MORAL REMAJA PUNK DI KECAMATAN JATINANGOR KABUPATEN SUMEDANG
Authors: Sudirman Irvan , Kusuma Amirio Tri , Nurdin Muhamad Rizky , Cahyanti Shabilla Neng Desty , Wibowo Hery , Raharjo Santoso Tri
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tahapan perkembangan moral remaja Punk  di kecamatan Jatinangor, Kabupaten Sumedang. Selain itu, penelitian ini pun secara implisit berusaha untuk menjawab alasan dibalik perilaku-perilaku yang terlihat dari remaja Punk. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik observasi dan wawancara. Sedangkan, untuk menganalisis datanya digunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan menggunakan teori perkembangan moral dari L. Kohlberg. Hasil dari penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa remaja Punk di Kecamatan Jatinangor Kabupaten Sumedang memiliki kecenderungan memiliki pemahaman moral pada tahapan ketiga dari teori L. Kohlberg.The purpose of this research is to find out about the moral developmental stages of Punk teenagers in the jatinangor sub-district of sumedang. Moreover, this research is implicitly trying to answer the reasons behind the perceived behaviors of Punk teenagers. As for the techniques used in this study are observation techniques and interviews. However, to analyze the data used a descriptive qualitative approach using the moral development theory of L.Kohlberg. The results from this study show that Punk teenagers at the jatinangor district of sumedang have a conscious awareness of morals at the third phase of the L. kohlberg theory.
Creencias, prácticas y comunidad moral. Ensayos en torno a Las formas elementales de la vida religiosa de Émile Durkheim. Coordinadores del libro: J. Galindo, J. P. Vázquez y H. Vera
Authors: Cedillo Hernández Roberta Priscila
Published: February 2020

Reseña del libro 

Jorge Galindo, Juan Pablo Vázquez y Héctor Vera (coordinadores). Creencias, prácticas y comunidad moral.  Ensayos en torno a Las formas elementales de la vida religiosa de Émile Durkheim, (Ciudad de México: UAM Cuajimalpa, Universidad Iberoamericana, 2017).
Antioxidant Supplementation with N-Acetylcysteine as a Protection Against Cisplatin-Induced Motor Impairment in Rats
Authors: Vukovic Rade , Kumburovic Igor , Jovicic Nemanja , Velickovic Stefan , Arnaut Aleksandra , Selakovic Dragica
Published: February 2020

The aim of this study was to estimate a potential beneficial influence of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in the treatment of cisplatin-induced motor impairment. We included 32 male Wistar albino rats, divided into 4 equal groups: control (received saline on the 1st and 5th day), cisplatin – CIS (received saline on the 1st and cisplatin 7.5 mg/kg i.p. on the 5th day), NAC (received NAC on the 1st and 5th day, 500 mg/kg i.p.), and CIS+NAC (received NAC on the 1st and 5th day, 500 mg/kg i.p. and cisplatin 7.5 mg/kg i.p. on the 5th day) group. Motor performance was estimated by rotarod, grip wire, open field (OF), elevated plus maze (EPM) and beamwalking (BW) tests on the 10th day. Cisplatin administration resulted in decreased motor performance in all tests, except for BW test, compared to the control group. NAC supplementation on its own had no significant effect on motor performance parameters. However, simultaneous administration of NAC along with cisplatin reversed negative impact of cisplatin in rotarod, OF and EPM tests, with no significant effect on the results obtained in grip wire test. The results of this study confirmed numerous motoric manifestations of cisplatin-induced neurotoxicity in rats. However, the decline in most of the estimated parameters was successfully prevented by antioxidant supplementation with NAC.
The Effects of N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Blockade on Oxidative Status in Heart During Conditioning Maneuvers
Authors: Govoruskina Natalia , Srejovic Ivan , Bolevich Stefani , Bolevich Sergey , Tachieva Bella , Omarov Israpil Alisultanovich , Jeremic Jovana , Radonjic Katarina , Jakovljevic Vladimir
Published: February 2020

N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) belongs to iono-tropic glutamate receptor family. The most prominent roles of the NMDAR are related to the physiological and pathophysiological processes of the central nervous system (CNS). The link between NMDAR and cardiovascular pathology came into focus due to detrimental effects of homocysteine on the cardiovascular system. Regarding the fact that NMDAR affects Ca2+ homeostasis in cells, one of the main mechanisms which mediate adverse effects of glutamate dyshomeostasis and abnormal NMDAR activity is oxidative stress. Both in ischemia and during reperfusion, there are imbalance in Ca2+ and production of reactive species, which remains one of the basic mechanisms underlining the overall cardiomyocyte death due to myocardial infarction. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of blockade of NMDAR in heart using MK-801, in preconditioning and postconditioning fashion and to compare the values of oxidative stress biomarkers. We used Langendorff technique of isolated heart. In the control group, all isolated rat hearts were subjected to global ischemia after stabilization period (perfusion of the whole heart with Krebs-Henseleit solution was stopped) for 20 minutes, followed by 30 minutes of reperfusion. In the preconditioning group, after stabilization period, hearts were perfused with MK-801 for 5 minutes, before global ischemia of 20 minutes which was followed by 30 minutes reperfusion. In the postconditioning group, hearts were perfused with MK-801 during the first 3 minutes of reperfusion. Results of this study showed antioxidative effects of NMDAR inhibition in pre- and postconditioning of the isolated rat heart.
ЗЕМЛЕДЕЛИЕ – ПРОШЛОЕ, НАСТОЯЩЕЕ, БУДУЩЕЕ
Authors: Апарин Б.Ф. , Сухачева Е.Ю.
Published: February 2020

История земледелия это история кризисов, обусловленных обострением продовольственной проблемы. Все кризисы земледелия в значительной мере связаны с деградацией почв. На протяжении тысячелетий кризисы носили региональный характер и решались благодаря изобретению новых систем земледелия. В ХХ в. появились симптомы глобального кризиса интенсивных методов земледелия, обусловленных системной деградацией почв. Ее следствием стали замедление роста урожайности и ухудшение качества продукции растениеводства, несмотря на усиление «давления» на почвы. В статье рассмотрены виды и факторы агрогенной деградации почв, характерные для экстенсивных и интенсивных систем земледелия. Предложена почвосберегающая парадигма земледелия. Дана характеристика почвосберегающих систем земледелия и их элементов.
MEMPERTEGAS KEDUDUKAN HUKUM KESATUAN MASYARAKAT HUKUM ADAT DALAM MEMENUHI HAK- HAK KONSTITUSIONAL
Authors: Yulianingrum Aulia Vivi
Published: February 2020

Keberadaan dan hak-hak masyarakat hukum adat telah diterima dalam kerangka hukum tidak tertulis maupun hokum positif di Indonesia. Pada kenyataannya issue yang berkembang tentang kehadiran dan hak- hak masyrakat hukum adat adalah terbatasnya ruang dan gerak bagi komunitas-komunitas adat dalam mewujudkan demokratisasi pengelolaan wilayah adanya secara berkelanjutan, Konflik tenurial, keterbatasan dan kondisi kekayaan alam yang meliputi tanah dan kekayaan alam yang terkandung di dalamnya tidak asimetris dengan pertambahan penduduk. Sehingga perlu adanya  penegasan kembali bahwa adanya korelasi antara Kesatuan Masyarakat Adat dengan Pemerintah terkait pemenuhan  hak Konstitusionalnya yang terkandung dalam pasal Pasal 18B ayat (2), Pasal 28I ayat (3) dan Pasal 32 ayat (1) dan ayat (2) UUD NRI 1945  dimana aturan ini merupakan semangat otonomi yang diberikan seluas-luasnya kepada daerah. Ketentuan tersebut yang paling sering dirujuk ketika membicarakan mengenai keberadaan dan hak-hak masyarakat hukum adat. Kehadiran Mahkamah Konstitusi sebagai The Protector of the citizen’s and Constitutional Rights and guardian of constitution juga memberikan secercah harapan bagi para pencari keadilan khususnya yang berkaitan dengan perlindungan terhadap hak masyarakat hukum adat
“Un’idea del Brasile”
Authors: Rusconi Paolo
Published: February 2020

The biography of Pietro Maria Bardi (1900-1999), journalist, art dealer, and founder of MASP (Museu de Arte de São Paulo), presents itself as an exemplary story of Italian intellectual migration to South America during the second half of the 20th Century. This paper privileges a perspective that, taking into consideration the latest results of historiographical research, aims at explaining his vision of Brazil through the relationships previously formed into Fascist Italy and through the dense overlap initiatives related to the experimentation of modern artistic languages. Bardi’s first journey to South America has been in 1933, when he organised and staged an exhibition of new modern Italian architecture. The aim of the trip was to create a consensus around fascism abroad, although the rhetoric of the approach was soon embraced by modernist experiences, particularly by Le Corbusier.  The following travel, in 1946 to Brazil, corresponded, for him, to a second life. Around the MASP project, he established a creative colony of artists and architects who took to Brazil the experiences of modernity matured in Europe. The experiences achieved in the urban environment of tropical expanding metropolis, such as the travels to the coasts and the inland areas of Brazil, discovering the nature, the folklore and the native cultures, were crucial sources of inspiration for intellectuals and artists, like the young Italians Roberto Sambonet and Gastone Novelli, who kept a gaze close to the Avant-Garde expressive syntaxes.
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF RECYCLED AGGREGATE CONCRETE WITH STEEL FIBER: A REVIEW
Authors: Al-Luhybi Ashtar S.
Published: February 2020

In the building process, the recycling of aggregates arising from building and demolition debris is one of the best alternatives to maintain the environment and the areas needed to bury these debris. It also helps to preserve natural concrete sources from depletion efficiently. The use of recycled aggregates in new concrete manufacturing, however, leads to a decrease in concrete's strength characteristics. This reduction rises with the rise in the percentage of recycled aggregates used in concrete, which has caused many researchers to undertake many researches on how to enhance the characteristics of recycled aggregate-containing concrete. This paper presents several studies that examined the effect of adding steel fiber to improve the properties of concrete containing a coarse recycled aggregate.
Wide-azimuth OBC Seismic Data Optimization for AVO and AVAz Analysis, Offshore Abu Dhabi, UAE
Authors: Almheiri Afra Naser , Miyamoto Hiroki , Mahgoub Mohamed
Published: February 2020

The lack of high-resolution subsurface images from poor seismic imaging quality leads to inaccurate AVO/AVAz analysis and fault interpretation, which are critical for reserves estimation and de-risking any imminent drilling decisions. In a developing filed, acquiring and processing a new seismic data often falls outside the time frame of ongoing field development, as it will require great efforts in overcoming logistics challenges along with additional costs. In this case study, in offshore Abu Dhabi, revisiting the vintage data with careful and detailed reprocessing whilst utilizing the latest technologies has proven to be an effective, practical and cost-efficient method in improving the fault resolution and reservoir characterization.

In this case study, it is observed that the deeper events in the vintage data were masked by the strong surface wave energy. The irregular acquisition geometry of the seismic data caused the aliasing of the surface wave. The application of harsh de-noising techniques in the vintage processing further deteriorated the fault definition. Thus, to tackle the aliasing problem, 5D trace densification and regularization was applied to increase the input data and create a de-aliased surface wave model. This allowed for subsequent subtraction of the strong surface wave, without damaging the body wave. Further cascaded surface wave attenuation algorithm improved the image quality. Modern fault preserving residual noise attenuation was applied along with 5D Fourier reconstruction mitigated the residual noise content.

It has been proven in the case study that multi-dimensional data densification and 5D reconstruction of the signal enhanced the fault delineation. By leveraging the modern signal-processing innovations, the final results produced a better overall reflection image focused on the angle/azimuth stacks suitable for fault interpretation, AVO and AVAz analysis. In conclusion, poorly vintage seismic data has been shown to possess a high value despite its irregular geometry and low resolution.
Laboratory Investigation and Characterization of the Poroelastic Response of Ultra-Tight Formations
Authors: Gokaraju Deepak , Thombare Akshay , Govindarajan Sudarshan , Mitra Abhijit , Guedez Andreina , Aldin Munir
Published: February 2020

The poroelastic response of organic-rich formations like shales to stress and pressure changes is yet to be fully understood. The characterization of the poroelastic response of a rock is imperative to understanding the coupled deformation of the rock matrix and pore fluids. In this paper, a new technique is proposed for the laboratory measurement of the poroelastic coefficient utilizing real-time ultrasonic velocity and the comparison with volumetric strain as a function of stress. The high-resolution oscilloscope enables capturing the rock response more accurately over small stress changes. The compressional P-wave first arrival time is monitored during changes in confining stress and pore pressure and is used to obtain the effective stress coefficient (ESC).

In theory, the effective stress coefficient is calculated based on accurate grain and bulk modulus measurements. It is rather difficult to capture the small changes in volumetric strain as a function of stress in ultralow permeability and porosity rocks. The difficulties are associated in the first order with the limitations in the in-vessel instrumentation, accuracy of radial and axial displacement measurements along with the required resolution to obtain representative measurements. In this paper, the effective stress coefficients measured using the automated P-wave real-time first arrival are compared against the effective stress coefficients measured using volumetric strain over a broader pressure range. Results clearly indicate the P-wave velocity to correlate well with the volumetric strain and can be utilized to estimate the poroelastic coefficient. Moreover, utilizing the compressional velocity enables measuring the ESC over small stress perturbations because of its higher sensitivity and better representativeness. The poroelastic coefficient was measured for numerous samples of distinct rock types from various conventional and unconventional plays and was found to vary between 0.2 and 1.0.
Drilling Optimization Approach in Performance Enhancement and Cost Reduction Using a Friction-Reduction Tool in Challenging Applications
Authors: Alnahash Naif , Alghofaili Mohammed , Al-Khalifah Ahmed , Ali Moumien
Published: February 2020

The steady growth in global demand for hydrocarbons has led to a related increase in Extended Rreach Drilling (ERD). ERD and deeper wells typically see increased drillstring torque and drag, which can causes issues such as weight stacking (and eventually buckling), low rate of penetration (ROP), poor toolface control and associated sliding difficulties. These challenges negatively affect well delivery time and drilling costs.

Reducing torque and drag and its associated issues can be achieved by using a simple Axial Friction Reduction tool (AFR), eliminating the need to explore high-tech drilling solutions that are not as cost-effective. With engineered placement in the drillstring the friction reduction tool creates gentle axial oscillations on the string, reducing friction and dramatically improving weight transfer to the drill bit. This, in turn, increases drilling efficiency in both sliding and rotating modes. Reducing torque and drag through reducing the well friction allows operators to push the boundaries of ERD and enhances their efficiency using the positive displacement motors (PDM) system at lower cost per foot.

On the 12-¼-, 8½-, and 6⅛-in. sections of a recent wells, the friction reduction tool helped decrease torque and drag. As a direct result, weight transfer to the bit was improved extending drill bit life. Furthermore, less Weight on Bit (WOB) was required to drill the sections, enabling higher ROP compared to the drilled offset sections. Consistent weight transfer also allowed all directional requirements to be accomplished and dogleg severity to be more effectively controlled. Applying less weight decreased the overall stress on the drilling system, reducing tool fatigue and the chance of wellbore issues.

This paper will illustrate the added value of using the AFR tool with a PDM in complex vertical, curve and lateral sections while yielding higher efficiency and more cost effective drilling operations.
Seismic Wave Features in Anisotropic Modeling and Effects in Imaging Complex Subsurface Structure
Authors: Bashir Yasir , Mousavi Alashloo Seyed Yaser , Abdul Latiff Abdul Halim , Mahgoub Mohamed , Hermana Maman , Ghosh Deva
Published: February 2020

Seismic wave propagation in an anisotropic media with complex subsurface geology produces reflected as well as a diffracted wave. Which contains useful information regarding the subsurface geometry and velocity information. We develop vertical transverse isotropy (VTI) wave modeling algorithm based on the low-rank technique which is fast and stable to study the wave propagation behavior. This paper shows the significance of incorporating anisotropy into the seismic exploration data which is proven on different data set. We develop a VTI wave modeling algorithm based on the low-rank technique which is fast and stable to study the wave propagation behavior. The results demonstrate the wave propagation including VTI provides better signal imaging in case of lateral positioning of seismic events which are necessary for prospect evaluation.