bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Innovación en la Formación de los Futuros Educadores de Educación Secundaria para el Desarrollo sostenible y ciudadanía mundial
Authors: López Esteban María Carmen
Published: July 2021

Este libro es el resultado del curso 2021/FEDU01 Formación docente específica para profesores del Máster en Profesor de Educación Secundaria, Bachillerato, Formación Profesional y Enseñanza de Idiomas - MUPES - curso 2020-21, desarrollado dentro del Plan de Formación Docente del Profesorado de la Universidad de Salamanca, a iniciativa del Vicerrectorado de Docencia e Innovación Educativa. Este curso está avalado por la Facultad de Educación y se ha organizado dentro del Programa de Formación en Centros, que da respuesta a las necesidades concretas de sus titulaciones. Se ha celebrado en un formato de Taller Virtual largo desde el día 1 hasta el día 15 de julio de 2021, con sesiones síncronas los días 1 y 2 de julio de 2021; y sesiones asíncronas a través de foros de discusión. El objetivo del curso, y de este libro Innovación en la Formación de los Futuros Educadores de Educación Secundaria para el Desarrollo sostenible y ciudadanía mundial, es proporcionar un espacio y tiempo de reflexión sobre conocimientos, habilidades y motivación para entender, abordar e implementar soluciones de ODS en las aulas de la Educación Secundaria, Bachillerato, Formación Profesional y Enseñanzas de Idiomas. Cada uno de los capítulos de este libro corresponde a las exposiciones del curso que han permitido la puesta en común de experiencias innovadoras entre el profesorado que imparte docencia en el MUPES respecto a la Educación para el Desarrollo sostenible y la ciudadanía mundial. Esta es la línea estratégica que nos mueve para la publicación de este libro: recoger buenas prácticas sobre experiencias innovadoras y de investigación de profesores en las aulas del Máster en Profesor de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria y Bachillerato, Formación Profesional y Enseñanzas de Idiomas - MUPES, en la Universidad de Salamanca.
Initial multi-target approach shows importance of improved caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus control program in Russia for hobbyist goat farms
Authors: Shuralev Eduard A. , Khammadov Nail I. , Osyanin Konstantin A. , Elizarova Inna A. , Salmanova Gaysha R. , Shamaev Nikolai D. , Petrov Sergei V. , Whelan Clare , Saushkin Nikolai Yu. , Samsonova Jeanne V. , Galimzyanov Ilsur G. , Efimova Marina A. , Khaertynov Kamil S. , Faizov Tagir Kh. , Mukminov Malik N. , Ivanov Arkadiy V.
Published: July 2021

Background and Aim: Several reports described the detection of specific caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) antibodies in Russian goat populations, which indicates the circulation of CAEV in Russian goat farms. The aim of this study was to use a multi-target approach to testing with both serological tests and an in-house real-time (RT) molecular test to investigate the prevalence of CAEV in goats from three hobbyist farms in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia.

Materials and Methods: We applied a multi-target approach to testing with both enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and an in-house RT polymerase chain reaction test to investigate the prevalence of CAEV in goats. Animals from the three hobbyist farms were used in this study. The animals from two farms (n=13 for F1 and n=8 for F2) had clinical signs of arthritis and mastitis. In the third farm (n=15 for F3), all goats were home-bred and had no contact with imported animals.

Results: CAEV antibodies (ELISA targets TM env and gag genes) were detected in serum samples from two farms (F1 and F2), indicating seroprevalence of 87.50-92.31%. Specific CAEV antibodies were also detected in milk samples. CAEV proviral DNA was detected in 53.85-62.50%. The results from all tests performed in the third farm (F3) were negative, indicating that all tests were 100% specific.

Conclusion: The results showed that CAEV is circulating and present in small hobbyist goat farms in Russia. Serological and molecular tests could be important for programs to control and eradicate CAEV in Russia for hobbyist goat farms.
PREVALENCE AND TYPES OF ANEMIA AND ASSOCIATIONS WITH FUNCTIONAL DECLINE IN GERIATRIC INPATIENTS
Authors: TRISCOTT J.A.C. , DOBBS B.M. , MCKAY R.M. , BABENKO O. , TRISCOTT E.
Published: July 2021

Background: The prevalence of anemia in hospitalized seniors has been linked to poor functional outcomes, increased mortality, and longer hospital stays, and has been associated with advancing age, male sex, and cognitive impairment. Despite the potential for complications, anemia often is undiagnosed and/or untreated in seniors. Objectives: Examine (a) the distribution of anemia diagnosis and treatment in patients in a rehabilitation hospital, and (b) patients’ cognitive and functional outcomes. Design: Retrospective chart review of medical records of 132 patients. Measurements: The presence and type of anemia were determined based on the World Health Organization criteria for adults and Smith’s algorithm, respectively. The Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) was used to measure cognitive status. Functional impairment was assessed using the Functional Independence Measure (FIM). Results: The mean age of the sample was 82.20 years, with 68% being female, the mean MMSE and FIM scores were 23.95 (SD = 4.3) and 82.82 (SD = 15.63), respectively. In total, 67% of males and 46% of females were anemic (P < 0.05). The majority of anemias were caused by nutritional deficiencies. The percent of anemic females receiving treatment for anemia was higher (71%) than the percent of anemic males (46%) (P < 0.05). The majority of the patients improved functionally regardless of anemia status. Conclusions: Results indicated that a substantial number of patients in a geriatric hospital were anemic, with significant percentage going untreated. The overall improvement in patients’ functional abilities suggests that remedial rehabilitation of frail seniors has an impact on recovery during their hospital stay.
NUTRITION, FRAILTY AND PREVENTION OF DISABILITIES WITH AGING
Authors: GUYONNET S. , SECHER M. , GHISOLFI A. , RITZ P. , VELLAS B.
Published: July 2021

The heterogeneous group of older adults may be differentiated into three subgroups in order to facilitate the development and implementation of personalized healthcare interventions: 1) “disabled individuals” (i.e., those needing assistance in the accomplishment of basic activities of daily living), 2) “frail individuals” (i.e., those presenting some limitations and impairments in the absence of functional disability), and 3) the “robust individuals” (i.e., those who are neither frail or disabled). Despite the growing evidence linking frailty to poor outcomes, this syndrome is yet adequately considered in the clinical practice. There is indeed a lack of recognition of frail individuals, frequently leading to inadequate or inappropriate offer of healthcare services. The assessment of frailty in older adults is recommended to preventively act before the activation of the irreversible cascade of disability. Characteristic features of frailty (e.g., weakness, low energy, slow walking speed, low physical activity, and weight loss) clearly suggest the existence of a close link between nutrition and the status of extreme vulnerability (to intend both from a physical and cognitive viewpoint). Interestingly, recent clinical experiences in the field of frailty and nutrition have demonstrated that this syndrome is often related to relevant prevalence of malnutrition and risk of becoming malnourished. In the present article, it is proposed a review of existing evidence in the field of nutrition and frailty. Potential nutritional interventions for preventing frailty and age-related disabling conditions are also discussed.
DETERMINING THE CUT-OFF VALUES FOR SARCOPENIA IN THE KOREAN ELDERLY POPULATION USING BIOIMPEDANCE ANALYSIS
Authors: CHANG E.-J. , JUNG H.-W. , KIM S.-W. , HEO N.-J. , CHIN H.-J. , KIM C.-H. , KIM K.-I.
Published: July 2021

Background: Bioimpedance analysis (BIA) is known to be a useful method for assessing sarcopenia because cost-effective and not involving radiation exposure. However, the cut-off values for sarcopenia using BIA have not yet been determined in the Korean population. Objectives: To establish the cut-off values for sarcopenia in the Korean elderly population with the use of BIA. Methods: Body composition assessed by BIA was obtained in 7,641 participants aged 20–34 years and 3,902 participants aged ≥65 years from data routinely collected during health examinations at Seoul National University Gangnam Center. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass was adjusted for height and weight. Gender-specific cut-points for class I and class II sarcopenia were defined as 1 and 2 standard deviations below the mean in the reference group aged 20–34 years, respectively. In addition, the gender-specific, lowest 20th percentile cut-offs for muscle mass in participants aged ≥65 years were determined. Results: The cut-offs for class I and class II sarcopenia in men for height-adjusted appendicular skeletal mass were 6.74 kg/m2 and 5.96 kg/m2 and for weight-adjusted appendicular skeletal mass were 29.4% and 27.4%, respectively; those in women for height-adjusted appendicular skeletal mass were 4.93 kg/m2 and 4.35 kg/m2, and for weight-adjusted appendicular skeletal mass were 25.6% and 23.9%, respectively. The lowest 20th percentile cut-offs for height-adjusted and weight-adjusted appendicular skeletal mass were 6.69 kg/m2 and 28.9% in men, and 5.76 kg/m2 and 24.5% in women, respectively. Based on the derived cut-offs, prevalence of class II sarcopenia in participants ≥65 years of age for height-adjusted and weight-adjusted appendicular skeletal mass was 3.7% and 3.5% in men, and 0.2% and 11.2% in women, respectively. Among the above-mentioned definitions, sarcopenia by height-adjusted appendicular skeletal mass was significantly associated with 2-year mortality in older participants. Conclusions: Muscle mass deficit in the Korean population can be assessed based on the cut-offs determined in this study using BIA.
GAIT SPEED AS A PREDICTOR OF RESPIRATORY MUSCLE FUNCTION, STRENGTH, AND FRAILTY SYNDROME IN COMMUNITY-DWELLING ELDERLY PEOPLE
Authors: PARENTONI A.N. , MENDONÇA V.A. , DOS SANTOS K.D. , SÁ L.F. , FERREIRA F.O. , GOMES PEREIRA D.A. , LUSTOSA L.P.
Published: July 2021

Background: Gait speed is considered a predictor of adverse health outcomes and functional decline in the elderly. This decline is also identified in respiratory muscles. Objective: To assess the impact of gait speed in maximal inspiratory pressure, maximal expiratory pressure, handgrip strength, and the different types of frailty syndrome in community-dwelling elderly people. Design: Cross-sectional study. Participants: Women (aged ≥ 65 years) were classified into different frailty phenotypes (n = 106). Measurements: Gait speed (10 m), handgrip strength (Jamar dynamometer), and maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressures (GerAr manovacuometer, MV-150/300 model) were measured. Linear regression analyses were conducted to determine the influence of gait speed and age on handgrip strength, maximal inspiratory pressure, and maximal expiratory pressure. Logistic regression was performed to assess the influence of gait speed and frailty age (α = 0.05). Results: A total of 106 elderly women participated in the study (73.96 ± 6.91 years). Thirty-two subjects were not frail, 42 were pre-frail, and 32 were frail. Gait speed and age significantly predicted handgrip strength and frailty (p < 0.05). In the multivariate model, gait speed had the greatest contribution, while age lost statistical significance. Regarding maximal inspiratory and maximal expiratory pressures, gait speed and age were significant explanatory variables (p < 0.05). In the multivariate model, gait speed lost statistical significance to predict maximal inspiratory pressure. Conclusion: Gait speed was confirmed to be a predictor of some health outcomes, including respiratory muscle function. The results suggest that interventions to increase gait speed may contribute to improve respiratory function and muscle strength, and decrease the risk of frailty among elderly people
TRANSITION PATTERNS OF FRAILTY SYNDROME IN COMMUNITY-DWELLING ELDERLY INDIVIDUALS: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY
Authors: LANZIOTTI AZEVEDO DA SILVA S. , CAMPOS CAVALCANTI MACIEL Á. , DE SOUSA MÁXIMO PEREIRA L. , DOMINGUES DIAS J.M. , GUIMARÃES DE ASSIS M. , CORRÊA DIAS R.
Published: July 2021

Background: Little information is available about transitional patterns related to frailty syndrome in elderly individuals living in the community. Objective: To assess transitional patterns and determine which frailty phenotype variables are more involved in this process. Design: Longitudinal study. Population: Community-dwelling elderly individuals in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Participants: Two hundred individuals over 65 years old. Measurements: The frailty phenotype was assessed at two different times, with a mean interval of 13 months. Comparison of the frequency distributions between the baseline and second assessment was conducted through Pearson’s chi-squared test, and a binary logistic regression was conducted to assess the most important items in this transition. Results: Sixty-eight percent of the elderly were women, with an average age of 73.7 (± 6.1) years. The pre-frail group transitioned the most between evaluations. Eighty-five individuals transitioned among frailty levels: 46 showed improvement while 39 worsened. Individuals who did scored low on the handgrip strength test in the first evaluation were more likely to have their frailty level worsen. Among individuals who showed improvements, those who were positive for weight loss and poor physical activity level in the first evaluation were less likely to improve. In this study, a greater number of individuals showed improved frailty levels over 13 months than worsened levels. Conclusion: Poor handgrip strength, weight loss, and poor physical activity are the most influential variables in frailty transitioning, leading to worsening levels of frailty or difficulty in making improvements.
EFFECT OF SELENIUM SUPPLEMENTATION ON PROTEOMIC SERUM BIOMARKERS IN ELDERLY MEN
Authors: ALGOTAR A.M. , BEHNEJAD R. , SINGH P. , THOMPSON P.A. , HSU C.H. , STRATTON S.P.
Published: July 2021

Objectives: To determine the effect of selenium supplementation on the human proteomic profile. Design: Serum samples were collected in this pilot study from a randomized placebo controlled Phase 2 Watchful Waiting (WW) clinical trial. Setting: Subjects were followed every three months for up to five years at the University of Arizona Prostate Cancer Prevention Program Clinic. Participants: One hundred and forty men (age < 85 years) had biopsy-proven prostate cancer, a Gleason sum score less than eight, no metastatic cancer, and no prior treatment for prostate cancer. Intervention: As part of the WW trial, men were randomized to placebo, selenium 200 μg/day or selenium 800 μg/day. For the purpose of the current study, 40 subjects enrolled in the WW study (20 from the placebo group and 20 from Se 800 μg/day group) were selected. Measurements: Baseline serum samples were collected at each follow-up visit and stored at -80 degrees Celsius. A multiplexed proteomic panel investigated changes in 120 proteins markers simultaneously. Results: Thirteen proteins (Apolipoprotein J, IL-10, IL-1 alpha, MMP-3, IL-12p70, IL-2 receptor alpha, cathepsin B, eotaxin, EGFR, FGF-basic, myeloperoxidase, RANTES, TGF-beta) were determined to be either statistically (p-value < 0.05) or marginally significantly (0.05 < p-value <0.1) changed in the selenium supplemented group as compared to placebo. Conclusion: Although independent validation of these results is needed, this study is the first of its kind to utilize high throughput fluorescence based protein multiplex panel in analyzing changes in the proteomic profile due to selenium supplementation. Results from this study provide insight into the ability of selenium to modulate numerous protein markers and thus impact various biological processes in humans.
Sutura cirúrgica
Authors: Zogbi Luciano , Rigatti Gabriel , Audino Daniel Fagundes
Published: July 2021

Sutura cirúrgica refere-se à confecção do ponto ou conjunto de pontos, no sentido de favorecer à evolução da ferida pela aproximação dos tecidos. É a competência cirúrgica mais comum em prontos-socorros e o conhecimento de aspectos básicos é essencial para todo médico, independentemente de sua especialidade. Além disso, apesar dos recentes avanços tecnológicos e da disponibilidade de novos materiais, os fios de sutura continuam sendo os materiais mais versáteis usados na cirurgia. A escolha apropriada da sutura para um procedimento específico é de importância fundamental para o sucesso do procedimento. Assim, ressaltamos neste capítulo, os preceitos fundamentais para a realização de uma adequada sutura
Interpretação de gasometria arterial
Authors: Gomes Eduardo Borges , Pereira Hugo Cataud Pacheco
Published: July 2021

Esse trabalho aborda um dos assuntos mais importantes e prevalentes da prática médica, independentemente da especialidade: o distúrbio do equilíbrio acidobásico. Isso se deve às inúmeras anormalidades que podem interferir no equilíbrio entre os ácidos e bases. Esse artigo visa de maneira prática e didática fornecer ao leitor o conhecimento necessário para a adequada interpretação de uma gasometria. Para tal fim, o estudo fará uma breve revisão da fisiologia direcionada para a compreensão dos conceitos e das variáveis inerentes à gasometria que determinarão o diagnóstico. Em seguida, serão abordados os quadros de acidoses e alcaloses, bem como os distúrbios misto. Há exercícios fundamentados em situações clínicas, cuja resolução se desenvolve com comentários dos autores para uma melhor compreensão da linha de raciocínio e dos conceitos explanados.
Paracentese abdominal
Authors: Ghiggi Karine Cristina , Pereira Hugo Cataud Pacheco , Audino Daniel Fagundes
Published: July 2021

Paracentese abdominal é um procedimento realizado para obter uma pequena amostra ou drenar líquido ascítico para fins diagnóstico ou terapêutico; é o método mais rápido e econômico para o diagnóstico etiológico de ascite. A causa mais comum de ascite é a cirrose; embora o mecanismo exato do desenvolvimento da ascite não seja completamente compreendido, a maioria das teorias sugere a hipertensão portal como a principal contribuinte; outras causas comuns incluem malignidade e insuficiência cardíaca. A paracentese terapêutica refere-se à retirada de cinco litros ou mais de fluidos para reduzir a pressão intra-abdominal, aliviar a dispneia associada e a dor abdominal. É um procedimento simples à beira do leito que pode reduzir a morbidade em pacientes com doença hepática terminal. Neste capítulo, apresentamos a técnica da paracentese e as particularidades que envolvem a análise do líquido ascítico.
Rotinas de Unidades de Terapia Intensiva
Authors: Ghiggi Karine Cristina , Almeida Guilherme Brandão
Published: July 2021

Rotinas de Unidades de Terapia Intensiva reúne os protocolos de diagnóstico e atendimento ao paciente crítico, explicando os aspectos fundamentais das boas práticas nessas unidades.
A Unified Framework of Bundle Adjustment and Feature Matching for High-Resolution Satellite Images
Authors: Ling Xiao , Huang Xu , Qin Rongjun
Published: July 2021

Bundle adjustment (BA) is a technique for refining sensor orientations of satellite images, while adjustment accuracy is correlated with feature matching results. Feature matching often contains high uncertainties in weak/repeat textures, while BA results are helpful in reducing these
uncertainties. To compute more accurate orientations, this article incorporates BA and feature matching in a unified framework and formulates the union as the optimization of a global energy function so that the solutions of the BA and feature matching are constrained with each other. To avoid
a degeneracy in the optimization, we propose a comprised solution by breaking the optimization of the global energy function into two-step suboptimizations and compute the local minimums of each suboptimization in an incremental manner. Experiments on multi-view high-resolution satellite images
show that our proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art orientation techniques with or without accurate least-squares matching.
A saúde do corpo e da alma como missão escolar: higienismo, ultramontanismo e o ensino das meninas e moças no Brasil, a partir do Serro, Minas Gerais (1904-1921)
Authors: Briskievicz Danilo Arnaldo
Published: July 2021

Analisamos as relações entre a instrução escolar, o higienismo “pedagógico” e ultramontanismo católico no contexto de criação do Colégio Nossa Senhora da Conceição na cidade do Serro/MG, para o atendimento de meninas e moças, em seu orfanato, internato e externato. Investigamos três instituições que operaram em perfeita sincronia no projeto higienista serrano: a Irmandade de Santa Tereza, a Câmara Municipal e a Igreja Católica. Discutimos como o higienismo interferiu na instrução escolar serrana e em suas práticas de ensino no contexto de moralização das crianças órfãs e das meninas e moças. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa bibliográfica para mapeamento, coleta e interpretação de documentos dos arquivos públicos e privados, e para a consulta dos autores especialistas no tema. O resultado obtido é o alargamento da compreensão sobre a forma de atuação da Igreja Católica na moralização popular através de seus colégios confessionais.
Vestígios materiais e imaterias, percursos virtuais
Authors: Schütz Karla Simone Willemann
Published: July 2021

A pandemia de Covid-19 colocou novos desafios a pesquisadoras e pesquisadores nas mais diversas áreas do conhecimento. No que se refere àqueles que dependem do acesso físico a museus, arquivos e os deslocamentos espaciais que essas visitas exigem, o trabalho se tornou quase que completamente impedido. É nesse panorama que emerge a publicação do livro Museu da Escola Catarinense da UDESC e outros museus do mundo: memória e história visual, gestado pela equipe do Museu da Escola Catarinense – MESC, vinculado à Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina – UDESC. Apesar de ter a sua iniciativa calcada no ano de 2019 — antes ainda da eclosão e de todos os desdobramentos da pandemia —, o livro acabou por se colocar como um sintoma emblemático dessa condição e como uma sugestão das possibilidades de pesquisa e exploração de acervos durante o período de isolamento social ao apresentar um rico inventário de Museus Escolares, Museus Pedagógicos e Museus da Escola espalhados pelo mundo que possuem a opção de visitas virtuais.
CONCILIAÇÃO MEDICAMENTOSA EM UMA UNIDADE DE INTERNAÇÃO DE HOSPITAL PÚBLICO DO SUL DO BRASIL
Authors: Barboza da Silva Thamires , Pegoraro Alves-Zarpelon Stella , Laureano João Victor
Published: July 2021

Uma das estratégias utilizadas para melhoria da segurança do paciente, principalmente na identificação e prevenção de eventos adversos relacionados a medicamentos, é a conciliação medicamentosa. A identificação de discrepâncias entre os medicamentos em uso pelo paciente antes da admissão hospitalar e os medicamentos prescritos durante a internação evitam danos que podem ser permanentes e promovem a segurança do paciente. O objetivo do estudo foi identificar, utilizando da conciliação medicamentosa, possíveis discrepâncias e interações medicamentosas em pacientes internados em unidade clínica de um hospital público do Sul do Brasil, por meio de um estudo transversal, de caráter descritivo e prospectivo, no qual os pacientes foram entrevistados sobre os medicamentos em uso antes da internação e comparando com o que foi prescrito. A maioria dos pacientes era homens, idosos e com doenças cardiovasculares como doença de base. Dos 50 entrevistados, 94% apresentaram ao menos uma discrepância. Dos 153 medicamentos discrepantes, 66,7% foram classificados como discrepâncias intencionais e 33,3% como discrepâncias não intencionais. Os medicamentos que atuam no sistema cardiovascular foram os mais frequentes, nas discrepâncias e nas possíveis interações medicamentosas. Os pacientes polimedicados foram os que apresentaram número maior de possíveis interações medicamentosas. A identificação dessas discrepâncias demonstrou a importância da realização da conciliação medicamentosa e da intervenção do farmacêutico na prevenção de eventos adversos relacionados a medicamentos.
PRESCRIÇÕES DE MEDICAMENTOS SUJEITOS A CONTROLE ESPECIAL EM UM MUNICÍPIO DO SERIDÓ POTIGUAR, BRASIL
Authors: Soares da Nóbrega Silva Lucas , Ideão Leite da Rocha Maria Vitória , Mariz Batista Almária
Published: July 2021

A prescrição de medicamentos constitui uma intervenção terapêutica e deve considerar aspectos técnico-legais e usuário-centrados para alcançar a efetividade da terapia e a segurança do paciente. Desta forma, foram avaliadas prescrições de medicamentos sujeitos a controle especial na atenção primáriado município de Caicó, RN, com base na legislação em vigor, por meio de um estudo transversal, descritivo-exploratório, quantitativo, baseado no receituário de controle especial elaborado por médicos durante o período de julho de 2018 a junho de 2019, arquivado na Central de Abastecimento Farmacêutico municipal. Também foi analisada a classificação farmacológica dos medicamentos prescritos, bem como sua conformidade com a Relação Municipal de Medicamentos Essenciais. Ao todo, foram avaliadas 1.682 prescrições. Houve predomínio de prescrições não conformes (99,77%), cujos itens duração do tratamento (97,1%), via de administração (89,3%) e nomenclatura do medicamento por princípio ativo (14,6%) foram os mais prevalentes quanto a não conformidades. Quanto às classes farmacológicas dos medicamentos prescritos, predominaram ansiolíticos benzodiazepínicos (30,97%). Todos os medicamentos prescritos estavam em conformidade com a lista de medicamentos essenciais municipal. Depreende-se a necessidade de reorientação da formação profissional médica, através de inserção e/ou maior ênfase a estratégias para elaboração de prescrições em observância a preceitos técnico-legais e usuário-centrados, além de educação e trabalho interprofissionais, a fim de contribuir para assistência usuário-centrada, melhoria de segurança do paciente, acesso e efetividade no contexto da assistência à saúde.
POTENCIAL ANTIBACTERIANO DO ÓLEO ESSENCIAL DE LIPPIA ALBA MILL. ASSOCIADO A LUZES DE LED
Authors: Santos Vitoria Ruana Sales , Sousa Júnior Dárcio Luiz de , Freitas Jailson de Castro , Aquino Pedro Everson Alexandre de , Silva Leandro Maria Karollyna do Nascimento , Leandro Lívia Maria Garcia , Macedo da Silva Rakel Olinda
Published: July 2021

Lippia alba Mill., também conhecida como erva cidreira, é um subarbusto aromático que ocorre em todo território brasileiro. Seu óleo essencial possui muitas atividades, mas ainda são escassos estudos do seu uso associado à fototerapia. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a atividade antibacteriana do óleo essencial de Lippia alba (OEL) associado a luzes de LED (Light Emitting Diode) azul, vermelha e amarela contra cepas de Staphylococcus aureus e Escherichia coli. O óleo foi extraído pelo método de hidrodestilação. A atividade antibacteriana e moduladora foi avaliada pelo método de contato gasoso utilizando o óleo, luzes de LED e antibióticos, os quais foram realizados em triplicata. O OEL possui um potencial antibacteriano frente todas as cepas testadas tendo um resultado mais expressivo na cepa multirresistente de E. coli quando associado a luzes de LED. Na modulação da resistência bacteriana, tanto nas combinações do óleo + antibiótico + luzes de LED como óleo + antibióticos, houve sinergismo frente às linhagens multirresistentes de ambas as cepas testadas. Os resultados obtidos no presente estudo mostraram que o óleo essencial de Lippia alba associado às luzes de LED possui efeito antibacteriano e modulador pelo método de contato gasoso. Estes dados obtidos poderão colaborar com pesquisas futuras que visem o desenvolvimento de novas estratégias terapêuticas no combate de microrganismos resistentes.
Análisis de la deforestación en La Macarena, antes y después de los acuerdos de paz
Authors: Forero Riaño Jully Andrea , Polanco Puerta Manuel Francisco
Published: July 2021

La presente investigación analizó la deforestación antes y después de los acuerdos de paz en los territorios del Área de Manejo Especial de La Macarena –AMEM–, pertenecientes al municipio de La Macarena, Meta. La metodología utilizada permitió comparar el cambio de área de bosque de 2015 a 2018 del AMEM, gracias a la aplicación de tres ecuaciones de tasa de deforestación, el cálculo del porcentaje de incremento en deforestación y el desarrollo de encuestas. Como resultado, este fenómeno aumentó en las cuatro áreas: dos Parques Nacionales Naturales –PNN– y dos Distritos de Manejo Integrado –DMI–, siendo el área más afectada el PNN Tinigua, con un incremento de deforestación de 1176.1 %, a consecuencia de diversos factores: el contexto histórico-social de necesidades insatisfechas y la violencia y ausencia de figuras del Estado, que se suman a motores de deforestación como el acaparamiento de tierras producto del incumplimiento de los acuerdos de paz.
Identification and characterization of phytoconstituents of ethanolic root extract of Clitoria ternatea L. utilizing HR-LCMS analysis
Authors: Jiji K N , Muralidharan P
Published: July 2021

Medicinal plants act as a vital source in improving health and overcoming the side effects of modern-day medicine. Many evidence-based reports are present in the literature about the benefits of medicinal plants. Clitoria ternatea L. belongs to the family Fabaceae and is known to be one of the important Ayurvedic medicinal plant whose uses are specified mainly for the modification of nervous system activities. ‘Medhyarasayana’ is one of the Ayurvedic formulations which is used to promote the intellectual capacity, revive the body and nervous tissue, Clitoria ternatea serves as a major constituent of ‘Medhyarasayana.’ Identification and characterization of active metabolites of C. ternatea will help to isolate the important phytoconstituents responsible for the central nervous system effects, isolated components can be utilized in future for the formulation of new medicine for various neurodegenerative disorders. In the present study, the phytochemical evaluation of the ethanolic root extract of C. ternatea (EECT) was performed using the HR-LCMS technique. Preliminary qualitative phytoconstituents analysis showed the presence of tannins, alkaloids, saponins, steroids, carbohydrate, protein, flavonoids and triterpenoids in the ethanolic root extract. Almost 42 compounds were identified when the EECT subjected to HR-LCMS analysis.
Notes on the typification of three names in the genus Arundinella Raddi (Poaceae)
Authors: Jaiswal Shubham , Tripathi Shailja , Prasad Dileshwar , Yadav Rekha , Madhukar Virendra K , Agnihotri Priyanka
Published: July 2021

In the present study, lectotypes for three names in the genus Arundinella Raddi are designated. Lectotypification of A. intricata and second-step lectotypification of A. laxiflora and A. mesophylla has been done. Additionally, the geographic distribution of endemic species, A. mesophylla is also provided.
Evaluating social work clinical practice in the real world
Authors: Gomory Tomi
Published: July 2021

Roughly speaking there are at least 1.5 million and possibly over 2 million social workers in the world, many of whom work with individuals. This article focuses on one type of evaluation of social work practice, the evaluation of the outcome of help seeking for personal problems that is called clinical practice usually provided by social work case managers and therapists. The article primarily discusses Feedback Informed Treatment (FIT) developed in the early 2000s. It is a formal structured approach utilizing two validated very brief measures employed during every client session that can be graphed and is designed to evaluate the client’s wellbeing and the worker’s intervention throughout the course of treatment. The article argues that this is the best way for social workers to assess whether or not the client is benefitting from their work as well as evaluating the approach of the helping professional even though this well studied and effective approach is almost nonexistent in social work either in Europe or the United States. We also discuss single subject design that is the mainstay of social work evaluation of clinical practice courses taught for decades even though it is almost never used in actual practice.
„Felelőséggel minden magyarért”
Authors: Horváth Vera , Papadopulosz Dóra , Tóth Melinda , Horváth Henriett
Published: July 2021

Az ENSZ Emberi Jogi Tanácsa 2021 júniusában tartja 47. rendes ülését. A résztvevő országok az ülésre saját jelentést készítenek, valamint a civil szféra tagjai is lehetőséget kapnak észrevételeik megosztására saját szakterületükön. A gazdasági és szociális jogok egy speciális kategóriájával, a lakhatással és az ahhoz kötődő alapjogokkal kapcsolatban az Utcáról Lakásba! Egyesület és A Város Mindenkié tagjai készítettek elemzést. Jelen tanulmány erre az elemzésre alapozva tekinti át a lakhatást érintő jogszabályok hatályát, teljesülését és eredményeit. Megállapítjuk, hogy jogtechnikai értelemben a Magyarország számára kötelező vállalások formailag ugyan érvényesülnek, de számos ponton sérül a törvény előtti egyenlőség, az emberi méltósághoz való jog, a családok védelme és a diszkrimináció tilalmának elve mind a jogszabályi környezetben, mind pedig a gyakorlatban.
The Measurement of Unfrozen Water Content and SFCC of a Coarse-Grained Volcanic Soil
Authors: Ren Junping , Zhang Shoulong , Wang Chong , Ishikawa Tatsuya , Vanapalli Sai K.
Published: July 2021

In frozen soils, a portion of pore water remains unfrozen due to the effects of capillarity, adsorption, and possibly solute. The variation of the amount of unfrozen water and ice in a frozen soil, which is primarily influenced by subzero temperature, has great impacts on the physical and mechanical behavior of the soil and is critical for broad applications ranging from engineering to climate change. In the present study, the various methods that have been used for determining unfrozen water (and ice) content are comprehensively reviewed. Their principles, assumptions, advantages, and limitations are discussed. It is noted that there is yet no perfect way to accurately quantify unfrozen water content in frozen soils. In addition, the soil-freezing characteristic curve (SFCC) of a typical volcanic soil sampled in the Hokkaido prefecture of Japan is investigated. The unfrozen water content of the prepared soil specimens was measured using a cheap moisture sensor, which is based on the frequency domain reflectometry technique. The temperature of the specimens was determined by a rugged temperature sensor. Different numbers of freeze-thaw (F-T) cycles and different freezing/thawing methods (i.e., one- and three-dimensional) were considered, and their effects on the SFCC were investigated. The experimental results suggest that neither the F-T cycles nor the freezing/thawing methods had significant influence on the measured SFCC. The presented comprehensive review and experimental investigations are of importance for both the scientific and engineering communities.
Comparison of soil physical properties and soil-vegetation indices to predict rice productivity in Malang Regency of East Java
Authors: Putra Aditya Nugraha , Sudarto S , Ridwan Ananda Ginanthian Alpheratz , Aditama Aftomi Firman , Janahtin Sifa’ul
Published: July 2021

Rice has become the leading food commodity in Indonesia, with total production reached +54.60 million tons in 2019. However, the production tended to decrease by around 8% from 2018 to 2019, while the rice consumption increased by +1.53 tons. This study aims to develop a rice production estimation model using the soil-vegetation index transformation (MSAVI and SAVI) and soil physical properties, which has the advantage of being faster, cheaper, and more accurate than conventional methods. The soil physical properties were taken based on soil mapping units and analyzed with soil physical parameters. The results showed strong relationships between rice productivity - soil physical characteristics and rice productivity – MSAVI and EVI with r values of 0.97, 0.83, and 0.74, respectively. The soil physical properties have a better coefficient of determination and accuracy than soil-vegetation index. The prediction model of rice production by soil physical properties is formulated inward γ = -8.96+0.01 (Top Soil Sand) + 0.01 (Top Soil Silt) + 6.28 (Bulk Density) - 14.07 (Penetration) - 0.13 (Sub Soil Permeability). There is no difference in the productivity value between model and laboratory analysis result. These results indicate that the rice yield prediction model can be used for estimation purposes.
Influence of type and amount of organic matters on the iron sorption of acid mine drainage onto reclaimed-mining soils
Authors: Saidy Akhmad Rizalli , Priatmadi Bambang Joko , Septiana Meldia
Published: July 2021

Mining activity may potentially produce acid mine drainage (AMD), which has relatively high acidity and dissolved heavy metal concentrations. Constructed wetlands is one of the AMD management methods in which organic matter (OM) plays a very important function in reducing the concentration of heavy metals in AMD through absorption and precipitation processes. Three types of OM (empty fruit bunches of oil palm, chicken manure and water hyacinth) and five levels of OM (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 Mg ha-1) were applied to reclaimed-mining soils (RMS) in an incubation study. A batch experiment was then performed to measure the effect of OM application on the maximum sorption capacity (Qmax) of iron (Fe) from the AMD onto the mixed soil-OM. The application of OM resulted in increases in soil pH, carboxylic groups, and total functional groups, in which these increases varied based on the types and amounts of OM application. This study also revealed that OM application resulted in increasing Fe sorption. The application of OM increased Qmax values from 2077 to 2348-3259 mg kg-1 (water hyacinth), to 2607-3635 mg kg-1 (chicken manure), and to 2219-2992 mg kg-1 (empty fruit bunches of oil palm). Increasing these Qmax values may ascribe to increasing functional groups of the RMS with OM application. The results prove the importance of OM in controlling the sorption of Fe from AMD onto soils.
Article II and the Pardon Power
Authors: Kobil Daniel T.
Published: July 2021

In light of the unprecedented pardoning practices of President Trump, we should consider curbing some of the most questionable instances of presidential pardoning by amending Article II of the Constitution to provide that the president may grant pardons only “after conviction,” as a majority of state constitutions already provide.
Debevoise’s Holloway Project and “Second Looks”
Authors: Gleeson John
Published: July 2021

The president’s power to grant clemency is but one feature of a sentence-correction ecosystem. But the abolition of federal parole in the 1980s left the clemency power as the only way to correct lawfully imposed sentences for the simple reason that they are too damn long. This article is about another way to correct sentences for that simple reason, one that has been right there all along but was moribund for decades, and about a 2018 statute and a Debevoise & Plimpton pro bono project that breathed life into it. And it is a critical Article III complement to the Article II clemency power.

For the past five years, the Holloway Project at Debevoise has advocated for federal prisoners, overwhelmingly men of color, who were given bone-crushing sentences pursuant to the cruelest mandatory sentencing law the federal system had to offer. The typical Holloway Project client is a middle-aged man who was sentenced decades ago for robbery sprees in which a firearm was used but no one was hurt and little was stolen. In almost all of their cases, the indefensible sentences—often as not the equivalent of life without parole—had nothing to do with their culpability and everything to do with their refusals to cooperate and/or plead guilty.

This article describes the Holloway Project and how it has used what has become known colloquially as the “compassionate release” statute, 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)(1)(A), and 2018’s First Step Act to persuade federal judges to undertake holistic, compassionate reevaluations of the men these incarcerated individuals have become after all their years in prison, and inject some humanity and justice into a sentencing regime that is still in desperate need of both.
The Office of the Pardon Attorney
Authors: Crouch Jeffrey
Published: July 2021

The Office of the Pardon Attorney has served presidents well for many decades, but recent presidents have become frustrated with it for various reasons. In this article, I examine the office’s past and present, then look at possible reforms to better prepare the clemency screening process for the Biden administration and its successors.
Oncogenic osteomalacia secondary to glomus tumor
Authors: Raj Rishi , Hasanzadeh Samaneh , Dashtizadeh Mitra , Kalantarhormozi Mohammadreza , Vahdat Katayoun , Dabbaghmanesh Mohammad Hossein , Nabipour Iraj , Ravanbod Mohammdreza , Assadi Majid , Hashemi Basir , Asadipooya Kamyar
Published: July 2021

Oncogenic osteomalacia secondary to glomus tumor is extremely rare. Localization of causative tumors is critical as surgical resection can lead to a complete biochemical and clinical cure. We present a case of oncogenic osteomalacia treated with resection of glomus tumor. A 39-year-old woman with a history of chronic sinusitis presented with chronic body ache and muscle weakness. Biochemical evaluation revealed elevated alkaline phosphatase hypophosphatemia, increased urinary phosphate excretion, low calcitriol, and FGF23 was unsuppressed suggestive of oncogenic osteomalacia. Diagnostic studies showed increase uptake in multiple bones. Localization with MRI of paranasal sinuses revealed a sinonasal mass with concurrent uptake in the same area on the octreotide scan. Surgical resection of the sinonasal mass was consistent with the glomus tumor. The patient improved both clinically and biochemically postoperatively. Along with the case of oncogenic osteomalacia secondary to a glomus tumor, we have also discussed in detail the recent development in the diagnosis and management of oncogenic osteomalacia.

Learning points

Tumor-induced osteomalacia is a rare cause of osteomalacia caused by the secretion of FGF23 from mesenchymal tumors.

Mesenchymal tumors causing TIO are often difficult to localize and treat.

Resection of the tumor can result in complete resolution of biochemical and clinical manifestations in a very short span of time.

Glomus tumor can lead to tumor induced osteomalacia and should be surgically treated.
Effect of once weekly oral levothyroxine therapy
Authors: Toro-Diez Andrea del , Solá-Sánchez Ernesto , Mangual-García Michelle
Published: July 2021

Primary hypothyroidism is one of the most common endocrine disorders with widely available treatment. A minority of patients remain with uncontrolled hypothyroidism despite therapy. The objective of this case series was to demonstrate that medication non-adherence, rather than malabsorption, should be sought as the most common cause of unsuppressed TSH levels in patients receiving treatment for this condition. Non-adherence is often considered as a diagnosis of exclusion. Nonetheless, a diagnosis of malabsorption requires a more extensive workup, including imaging and invasive procedures, which increase healthcare costs and burden to the patient. The findings of this study allow for a cost-effective approach to uncontrolled hypothyroidism.

Learning points

Medication non-adherence is a common cause of insuppressible TSH levels.

Once weekly levothyroxine is an alternative approach to non-compliant patients.

Assessing compliance is more cost-effective and less burdensome than testing for malabsorption.
A Useful Exploration to Improve the Quality of Rural School Education
Authors: Cheng Xiaoqiao
Published: July 2021

The British educational sociologist B. Bernstein (2003) believed that in human social communication, the language signs used by people can be divided into exquisite signs and restrictive signs. Exquisite symbols include the arrangement of complex grammatical sentences and general semantics; while restricted symbols consist of simple, low-selective and restricted grammars and words, relying on the semantics of a specific context. Children born in middle-class families are familiar with and mastered exquisite symbols in their interactions with their parents, which is the basis for them to easily obtain excellent academic studies. Children born in poor families are familiar with restrictive symbols in their interactions with their parents. The language symbols used in the school education environment are mostly exquisite symbols, or standard academic language. If children from poor families cannot master the exquisite symbols, it will affect their understanding of the learning content, prone to learning difficulties, and lead to poor academic achievement.
Investigating the Impact of A Literacy-infused Science Intervention on Economically Challenged Students’ Science Achievement: A Case Study from A Rural District in Texas
Authors: Irby Beverly J. , Tong Fuhui , Lara-Alecio Rafael , Tang Shifang , Guerrero Cindy , Wang Zhuoying , Zhen Fubiao
Published: July 2021

In this empirical study we examined the effect of a literacy-infused science intervention on fifth grade economically challenged students’ science achievement in the curriculum-based and standardized assessments. A total of 27 treatment students and 20 comparison students from two intermediate schools in a rural district in South Texas in the United States participated in the present study. The intervention consisted of ongoing, structured, bi-weekly virtual professional development (VPD) with virtual mentoring and coaching (VMC) at the teacher level and literacy-infused science lessons with inquiry-based learning delivered at the student level. Results revealed a significant and positive intervention effect in favor of treatment students as reflected in higher normal curve equivalent scores in the standardized science assessment and higher scores in curriculum-based assessment. We conclude that the literacy-infused science intervention, inclusive of evidence-based curriculum, VPD, and VMC, is particularly beneficial for promoting science learning for the students in rural areas with educational and economical challenges due to geographic isolation.
Fonética y fonología de las consonantes oclusivas del guaymí hablado en Costa Rica
Authors: Vega Chavarría Melany
Published: July 2021

The present work consists of an analysis of the phonetic and phonological properties of the sequences /t-k/ and /b-d-ɡ/ from the Guaymi spoken in La Casona, Puntarenas, Costa Rica. The corpus was analyzed with Speech Analyzer and the Lisker and Abramson (1964) method was applied in order to obtain the values of the V.O.T. The results suggest that the sequence /t-k/ does not present systematic allophonic variations, while /b-d-g/ alternates with stop, fricative, and approximant allophones; neutralization among stop phonemes is not frequent. Lastly, the V.O.T. contributes to the differentiation between voiceless and voiced stops.