bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pro-and anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoid Fluticasone on ovarian and immune functions in commercial-aged laying hens
Authors: Hatefi Ali , Zare Shahneh Ahmad , Ansari Pirsaraie Zarbakht , Alizadeh Ali Mohammad , Atashnak Mohammad Pouya , Masoudi Reza , Pio Frederic
Published: November 2021

Ovarian chronic inflammation has been created and extended in the laying hen mainly via increasing laying frequency and microbial infection, especially during the late stage of production period. This study was aimed to evaluate glucocorticoid (GC) Fluticasone as an anti-inflammatory agent on the gene expression of the ovarian pro-and anti-inflammatory mediators (follicular cyclooxygenases COX 1, 2, and cytokines), inflammatory responses of the immune system, ovarian functions (ovulation rate and follicular growths), and hormones in the commercial-aged laying hens. White Leghorn hens aged 92-weeks were used for four weeks to be supplemented by 2 ppm Fluticasone as an optimum dose obtained in a pre-trial base on ovulation rate. As compared to control, Fluticasone resulted in a significant decrease in the mRNA expression of COX-1 and pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and increase in COX-2 mRNA expression and heterophil to lymphocyte ratio (P < 0.001). A significant reduction was observed in the ovulation rate, follicular size (P < 0.001), ovarian hormones, immunoglobulins, body weight, and food consummation (P ≤ 0.05) by administering GC Fluticasone. Although a relative anti-inflammatory improvement was created by Fluticasone in the ovarian condition, the administration of this glucocorticoid resulted in a considerable reduction in ovarian hormones and functions of commercial aged laying hens.
The interactive role of methane beyond a reactant in crude oil upgrading
Authors: Xu Hao , Li Zhaofei , Li Yimeng , Song Hua
Published: November 2021

Crude oil upgrading under methane has been reported to be an economically and environmentally promising process, while the advantageous effect of methane beyond a reactant is not fully explained. In this work, the catalytic performances, physicochemical properties and regenerability of used catalysts after crude oil upgrading under methane and nitrogen are investigated byn-butylbenzene model compound studies, catalyst characterizations and density functional theory calculations. Comparing to nitrogen, methane exhibits a protective effect on the charged catalyst despite the limited conversion, leading to better product quality and catalyst stability. This protective effect is attributed to the interaction between methane and catalytic active sites, which mainly occurs in the internal pores of the zeolitic catalyst support, resulting in unique coke distribution and inhibition of metal deposition. The interactive role of methane beyond a reactant, which is previously underestimated, is suggested to be critical for better performances of catalysts in relevant reaction processes.
Identification of cellulose textile fibers
Authors: Mäkelä Mikko , Rissanen Marja , Sixta Herbert
Published: November 2021

Near infrared imaging spectroscopy and chemometrics enable reliable identification of natural and regenerated cellulose textile fibers for chemical recycling.
Biodegradable hyaluronic acid-based, nitric oxide-releasing nanofibers for potential wound healing applications
Authors: Gwon Kihak , Choi Won Il , Lee Seonhwa , Lee Jin Sil , Shin Jae Ho
Published: November 2021

The biodegradable and nitric oxide (NO)-releasing hyaluronic acid (HA)-based nanofibers developed in this study have the potential application in wound healing.
Lattice dynamics of graphene nanoribbons under twisting
Authors: Liu Zhao , Zhang Zhen , Zhao Hui-Yan , Wang Jing , Liu Ying
Published: November 2021

Twisting decreases the group velocities of phonon modes in graphene nanoribbons (GNRs), leading to a reduced lattice thermal conductivity.
Laser spectroscopy of helium solvated molecules: probing the inertial response
Authors: Raston Paul L.
Published: November 2021

Superfluid helium nanodroplets provide a unique environment for investigating the coupling of solvent to the rotation of embedded molecules.
Natural reaction orbitals for characterizing electron transfer responsive to nuclear coordinate displacement
Authors: Ebisawa Shuichi , Hasebe Masatoshi , Tsutsumi Takuro , Tsuneda Takao , Taketsugu Tetsuya
Published: November 2021

Natural reaction orbitals, a new molecular orbital analysis method, enable automated extraction of reactive orbitals and analysis of electron transfer.
Precious metal complexes of bis(pyridyl)allenes: synthesis and catalytic and medicinal applications
Authors: Maliszewska Hanna K. , Arnau del Valle Carla , Xia Ying , Marín María J. , Waller Zoë A. E. , Muñoz María Paz
Published: November 2021

Bis(pyridyl)allenes: unique 3D scafolds for novel metal coordination complexes with unreported applications in catalysis and as metallodrugs.
A simple and high-yield route to iridium, rhodium, osmium and rutheniumnido-6-metalladecaborane compounds
Authors: Bould Jonathan , Londesborough Michael G. S. , Passarelli Vincenzo , Clegg William , Waddell Paul G. , Cvačka Josef , Macías Ramón
Published: November 2021

Diethyl ether is a convenient solvent for the high-yield preparation of ten-vertex metalladecaboranes that are excellent ‘B-frames’ for the assembly of bimetallic compounds.
Carbon dioxide and nitrogen reduction reactions using 2D transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) and carbide/nitride (MXene) catalysts
Authors: Li Zhaodong , Attanayake Nuwan H. , Blackburn Jeffrey L. , Miller Elisa M.
Published: November 2021

We review the progress made towards, and challenges associated with, using 2D transition metal dichalcogenides, nitrides, and carbides for (photo)catalytic transformation of CO2and N2into fuels and value-added chemicals such as ammonia.
Beneficial effects of cinnamon and its extracts in the management of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes
Authors: Shang Chang , Lin Hongchen , Fang Xuqin , Wang Yuling , Jiang Zhilin , Qu Yi , Xiang Mi , Shen Zihuan , Xin Laiyun , Lu Yingdong , Gao Jialiang , Cui Xiangning
Published: November 2021

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and diabetes are the leading causes of death worldwide, which underlines the urgent necessity to develop new pharmacotherapies.
The short-chain fatty acid propionate improved ventricular electrical remodeling in a rat model with myocardial infarction
Authors: Zhou Mingmin , Li Diwen , Xie Ke , Xu Liao , Kong Bin , Wang Xi , Tang Yanhong , Liu Yu , Huang He
Published: November 2021

Oral propionate activated vagal afferent nerve in the gut and facilitated solitary nucleus in the brainvianodose ganglia to activate vagal efferent nerve innervating the heart, so as to reduce ventricular arrhythmia after myocardial infarction.
Mechanism of enhancing the water-solubility and stability of curcumin by using self-assembled cod protein nanoparticles at an alkaline pH
Authors: Wang Yuying , Sun Ruitong , Xu Xianbing , Du Ming , Zhu Beiwei , Wu Chao
Published: November 2021

Curcumin (Cur) is a bioactive phytochemical which is claimed to have several health-promoting benefits, whose applications are challenging due to its poor water-solubility, chemical instability, and low bioavailability.
Food-derived cyanidin-3-O-glucoside reverses microplastic toxicity via promoting discharge and modulating the gut microbiota in mice
Authors: Chen Wen , Zhu Ruiyu , Ye Xiang , Sun Yuhao , Tang Qiong , Liu Yangyang , Yan Fujie , Yu Ting , Zheng Xiaodong , Tu Pengcheng
Published: November 2021

Bayberry-derived cyanidin-3-O-glucoside administration could effectively alleviate the inflammatory response induced by microplastic polystyrene in C57BL/6 mice via promoting the fecal PS discharge and modulating the PS-associated gut microbiome perturbations.
β-Cyclodextrin-capped ZnO-doped carbon dot as an advanced fluorescent probe for selective detection of dopamine
Authors: Dalal Chumki , Garg Anjali Kumari , Sonkar Sumit Kumar
Published: November 2021

Selective and sensitive detection of dopamine in presence of other interfering biomolecules using β-cyclodextrin-capped ZnO-doped carbon dot.
Enhanced photoelectrocatalytic performance of α-MnO2 by Sb and N charge compensation
Authors: Guo Minmin , Yang Huimin , Du Yuting , Wang Yingjin , Yang Xiaojing
Published: November 2021

The donor Sb and acceptor N can promote the separation of electron–hole pairs excited by photoirradiation.
A biomimetic nanocomposite made of a ginger-derived exosome and an inorganic framework for high-performance delivery of oral antibodies
Authors: Mao Yuling , Han Meiqi , Chen Caishun , Wang Xiudan , Han Jianan , Gao Yikun , Wang Siling
Published: November 2021

A biomimetic nanocomposite made of a ginger-derived exosome and an inorganic framework enables high-performance delivery of infliximab via the oral route for inflammatory bowel disease therapy.
Sn-Doped Bi2O3nanosheets for highly efficient electrochemical CO2reduction toward formate production
Authors: Li Xiao , Wu Xingqiao , Li Junjie , Huang Jingbo , Ji Liang , Leng Zihan , Qian Ningkang , Yang Deren , Zhang Hui
Published: November 2021

Sn-Doped Bi2O3nanosheets showed enhanced catalytic selectivity and activity for CO2RR relative to undoped ones with 2.5% Sn-doped Bi2O3NSs showing a highest FE of over 93% and a largest current density of nearly 50 mA cm−2for formate in H-cell.
Recent advances in the synthesis of indolizine and its derivatives by radical cyclization/cross-coupling
Authors: Hui Jieru , Ma Yanlong , Zhao Jiaji , Cao Hua
Published: November 2021

The free-radical-induced syntheses of indolizines were reviewed by type of catalyst.
Green solvents for the formation of amide linkages
Authors: Procopio Debora , Siciliano Carlo , Trombino Sonia , Dumitrescu Denisa Elena , Suciu Felicia , Di Gioia Maria Luisa
Published: November 2021

Green solvents as alternatives for cleaner and safer amide synthesis.
A visible-light-induced thiol addition/aerobic oxidation cascade reaction of epoxides and thiols for the synthesis of β-hydroxylsulfoxides
Authors: Mamat Marhaba , Liu Changhong , Abdukerem Dilshat , Abdukader Ablimit
Published: November 2021

A photochemical thiol addition/aerobic oxidation cascade reaction has been developed.
Direct access to various C3-substituted sialyl glycal derivatives from 3-iodo-sialyl glycals
Authors: Li Qingjiang , Guo Jiatong , Guo Zhongwu
Published: November 2021

Sialyl glycal C3-aryl, alkyl, alkenyl, and alkynyl derivatives useful for sialylidase inhibitor discovery were efficiently synthesized by a new method based on the cross-coupling of 3-iodo-sialyl glycal with boronic acids, alkenes, and alkynes.
Design of chiral ferrocenylphosphine-spiro phosphonamidite ligands for ruthenium-catalyzed highly enantioselective coupling of 1,2-diols with amines
Authors: Yi Xiao , Chen Yirui , Huang An , Song Dingguo , He Jiaying , Ling Fei , Zhong Weihui
Published: November 2021

A series of chiral ferrocene-backbone phosphines-spiro phosphonamidite ligands was developed for ruthenium-catalyzed enantioselective access to a broad range of β-amino alcohols from 1,2-diols and amines via the borrowing-hydrogen prciniple.
Application potential of biogenically synthesized silver nanoparticles usingLythrum salicariaL. extracts as pharmaceuticals and catalysts for organic pollutant degradation
Authors: Srećković Nikola Z. , Nedić Zoran P. , Liberti Davide , Monti Daria Maria , Mihailović Nevena R. , Katanić Stanković Jelena S. , Dimitrijević Silvana , Mihailović Vladimir B.
Published: November 2021

This study was designed to evaluate the optimal conditions for the eco-friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) usingLythrum salicariaL. (Lythraceae) aqueous extracts and their potential application and safe use.
Membrane technologies in toilet urine treatment for toilet urine resource utilization: a review
Authors: Yu Chengzhi , Yin Wenjun , Yu Zhenjiang , Chen Jiabin , Huang Rui , Zhou Xuefei
Published: November 2021

In this review, the membrane technologies used for the resource utilization of urine collected from toilets are divided into four categories based on their driving force.
Recent progresses in the synthesis of MnO2nanowire and its application in environmental catalysis
Authors: Song Huikang , Xu Leilei , Chen Mindong , Cui Yan , Wu Cai-e , Qiu Jian , Xu Liang , Cheng Ge , Hu Xun
Published: November 2021

This review summarizes the synthesis strategies for MnO2nanowire and the influences of the phase structure, crystal facet, metal doping, and interface effect on its performance in various environmental catalysis processes.
2D–2D ZnO/N doped g-C3N4 composite photocatalyst for antibiotics degradation under visible light
Authors: Wang Fang , Zhu Zhenzhou , Guo Jia
Published: November 2021

2D–2D ZnO/N doped g-C3N4 (NCN) composite photocatalysts were prepared for degradation of antibiotics with high efficiency.
Giant spin pumping at the ferromagnet (permalloy) – organic semiconductor (perylene diimide) interface
Authors: Manoj Talluri , Kotha Srinu , Paikaray Bibekananda , Srideep Dasari , Haldar Arabinda , Rao Kotagiri Venkata , Murapaka Chandrasekhar
Published: November 2021

The spin injection from permalloy into an adjacent perylene diimide (PDI) layer is demonstrated via ferromagnetic resonance associated linewidth broadening. The spin mixing conductance is found to be 1.54×1018 m−2 in a similar range to FM/heavy metal.
Elucidation of ustilaginoidin biosynthesis reveals a previously unrecognised class of ene-reductases
Authors: Xu Dan , Yin Ruya , Zhou Zhiyao , Gu Gan , Zhao Siji , Xu Jin-Rong , Liu Junfeng , Peng You-Liang , Lai Daowan , Zhou Ligang
Published: November 2021

The 2,3-double bond reduction of the pyrenone ring in linear naphtho-γ-pyrenones was catalyzed by a phospholipid methyltransferase-like enzyme, namely UsgR, which is a previously unrecognised class of ene-reductases.
Picomolar FKBP inhibitors enabled by a single water-displacing methyl group in bicyclic [4.3.1] aza-amides
Authors: Kolos Jürgen M. , Pomplun Sebastian , Jung Sascha , Rieß Benedikt , Purder Patrick L. , Voll Andreas M. , Merz Stephanie , Gnatzy Monika , Geiger Thomas M. , Quist-Løkken Ingrid , Jatzlau Jerome , Knaus Petra , Holien Toril , Bracher Andreas , Meyners Christian , Czodrowski Paul , Krewald Vera , Hausch Felix
Published: November 2021

Enhancement by displacement. A single methyl group displaces a water molecule from the binding site of FKBPs, resulting in the most potent binders known, outperforming the natural products FK506 and rapamycin in biochemical and cellular assays.
Rationally tuning the active sites of copper-based catalysts towards formaldehyde reforming into hydrogen
Authors: Chen Shuang , Pan Xueyan , Du Leilei , Yan Xiaoqing , Li Sha , Li Renhong
Published: November 2021

Direct splitting of liquid organic fuels using a particulate catalyst is an effective way to produce hydrogen on a large scale.
Histidine-based hydrogels via singlet-oxygen photooxidation
Authors: Liberato Michelle S. , Cavalcante Nayara G. S. , Sindu P. Abinaya , Rodrigues-Jesus Mônica J. , Zelenovskii Pavel , Carreira Ana C. O. , Baptista Maurício S. , Sogayar Mari C. , Ferreira Luís C. S. , Catalani Luiz H.
Published: November 2021

The formation of hydrogels by photosensitized oxidation and crosslinking of histidine-derived polymers is demonstrated for the first time.
Dynamic behavior of chemically tunable mechano-responsive hydrogels
Authors: Biswas Santidan , Yashin Victor V. , Balazs Anna C.
Published: November 2021

Using theory and simulation, we model the mechanical behavior of gels that encompass loops and dangling chain ends.
Intrinsic structure and dynamics of monolayer ring polymer melts
Authors: Kim Jinseong , Kim Jun Mo , Baig Chunggi
Published: November 2021

Top row: Snapshots of 3D linear (left) and ring (right) C600 PE melts along with a randomly chosen single configuration. Bottom row: Snapshots of 2D linear (left) and ring (right) C600 PE melts along with a randomly chosen single configuration.
A dynamic anode boosting sulfamerazine mineralization via electrochemical oxidation
Authors: Deng Fengxia , Xie Jinyu , Garcia-Rodriguez Orlando , Jing Baojian , Zhu Yingshi , Chen Zhonglin , Hsu Jyh-Ping , Jiang Jizhou , Bai Shunwen , Qiu Shan
Published: November 2021

With the aim of alleviating the rarely achieved mineralization of sulfonamide, a dynamic oxygen-vacancy-mediated TiO2 anode is designed. It allows for simultaneous high reactivity and mass transfer.
An ultra-high quantum yield Tb-MOF with phenolic hydroxyl as the recognition group for a highly selective and sensitive detection of Fe3+
Authors: Zhao Yuming , Zhai Xu , Shao Lei , Li Linlin , Liu Yunling , Zhang Xuemin , Liu Jinhui , Meng Fanbao , Fu Yu
Published: November 2021

An ultra-high quantum yield Tb-MOF with phenolic hydroxyl as the recognition group for a highly selective and sensitive detection of Fe3+.
Nonaqueous hybrid redox flow energy storage with a sodium–TEMPO chemistry and a single-ion solid electrolyte separator
Authors: Yu Xingwen , Manthiram Arumugam
Published: November 2021

Integration of a sodium anode chemistry and a TEMPO cathode chemistry enables the advancement of a high voltage nonaqueous hybrid flow battery (HFB). A single-ion solid-electrolyte separator ensures a crossover-free operation of the HFB.
Making Race Visible in the Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences: A Critical Discourse Analysis
Authors: Yu Betty , Horton RaMonda , Munson Benjamin , Newkirk-Turner Brandi L. , Johnson Valerie E. , Khamis-Dakwar Reem , Muñoz Maria L. , Hyter Yvette D.
Published: November 2021

Purpose:

The purpose of this critical discourse analytic study is to identify how two key professional standards documents in the Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences field—the Standards for Certification document and the Essential Functions rubric—contribute to the discursive construction of the ideal speech-language pathologist and audiologist, and to examine whether the experiences and needs of people of color are taken into consideration in these documents.

Method:

Critical discourse analysis was used as both a conceptual and methodological lens for the systematic analysis of the targeted text.

Results:

The findings show that considerations of race and racism were almost entirely absent from both documents and thus reflected a discourse of race neutrality that is ideologically consistent with color-blind racism. The enactment of racially coded expectations within a construct of race-neutral discourse maintains racial inequities in the speech, language, and hearing sciences professions.

Conclusions:

The findings highlight the need for the open acknowledgment of racism in our institutional policies and discourses and official and ongoing commitments to concrete and measurable antiracist actions to counteract systemic racism. Recommendations for and examples of antiracist measures are offered.
Estimation of network traffic status and switching control of networked control systems with data dropout
Authors: Zanma Tadanao , Hashimoto Daiki , Koiwa Kenta , Liu Kang‐Zhi
Published: November 2021

The recent development of the communication technology accelerates studies of real‐time networked control systems using networks. The data dropout is essentially unavoidable, especially in wireless networks and it results from transmission errors and network traffic congestion. Multiple time‐varying network traffic status given by discrete‐time homogeneous Markov chains is assumed. The authors estimate the network traffic status characterised by the probability matrix of the Markov chain online from the data dropout history. According to the estimation of network traffic status, an appropriate controller is selected to improve the control performance. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified through simulations and experiments.
Fundamental stellar parameters of benchmark stars from CHARA interferometry
Authors: Karovicova I. , White T. R. , Nordlander T. , Casagrande L. , Ireland M. , Huber D.
Published: November 2021

Context.Large spectroscopic surveys of the Milky Way must be calibrated against a sample of benchmark stars to ensure the reliable determination of atmospheric parameters.

Aims.Here, we present new fundamental stellar parameters of seven giant and subgiant stars that will serve as benchmark stars for large surveys. The aim is to reach a precision of 1% in the effective temperature. This precision is essential for accurate determinations of the full set of fundamental parameters and abundances for stars observed by the stellar surveys.

Methods.We observed HD 121370 (ηBoo), HD 161797 (μHer), HD 175955, HD 182736, HD 185351, HD 188512 (βAql), and HD 189349, using the high angular resolution optical interferometric instrument PAVO at the CHARA Array. The limb-darkening corrections were determined from 3D model atmospheres based on the STAGGER grid. TheTeffwere determined directly from the Stefan-Boltzmann relation, with an iterative procedure to interpolate over tables of bolometric corrections. We estimated surface gravities from comparisons to Dartmouth stellar evolution model tracks. The spectroscopic observations were collected from the ELODIE and FIES spectrographs. We estimated metallicities ([Fe/H]) from a 1D non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) abundance analysis of unblended lines of neutral and singly ionised iron.

Results.For six of the seven stars, we measured the value ofTeffto better than 1% accuracy. For one star, HD 189349, the uncertainty onTeffis 2%, due to an uncertain bolometric flux. We do not recommend this star as a benchmark until this measurement can be improved. Median uncertainties for all stars in log gand [Fe/H] are 0.034 dex and 0.07 dex, respectively.

Conclusions.This study presents updated fundamental stellar parameters of seven giant and subgiant stars that can be used as a new set of benchmarks. All the fundamental stellar parameters were established on the basis of consistent combinations of interferometric observations, 3D limb-darkening modelling, and spectroscopic analysis. This paper in this series follows our previous papers featuring dwarf stars and stars in the metal-poor range.
X-ray confirmation of the intermediate polar IGR J16547-1916
Authors: Joshi A. , Wang W. , Pandey J. C. , Singh K. P. , Naik S. , Raj A. , Anupama G. C. , Rawat N.
Published: November 2021

Using X-ray observations from theNuSTARandSwiftsatellites, we present temporal and spectral properties of an intermediate polar (IP) IGR J16547-1916. A persistent X-ray period at ∼546 s confirming the optical spin period obtained from previous observations is detected. The detection of a strong X-ray spin pulse reinforces the classification of this system as an intermediate polar. The lack of orbital or side-band periodicities in the X-rays implies that the system is accreting predominantly via a disk. A variable covering absorber appears to be responsible for the spin pulsations in the low energy range. In the high energy band, the pulsations are likely due to the self occultation of tall shocks above the white dwarf surface. The observed double-humped X-ray spin pulse profile indicates two-pole accretion geometry with tall accretion regions in short rotating IP IGR J16547-1916. We present the variation of the spin pulse profile over an orbital phase to account for the effects of orbital motion on the spin pulsation. X-ray spectra obtained from the contemporaneous observations ofSwiftandNuSTARin the 0.5–78.0 keV energy band are modeled with a maximum temperature of 31 keV and a blackbody temperature of 64 eV, along with a common column density of 1.8 × 1023cm−2and a power-law index of −0.22 for the covering fraction. An additional Gaussian component and a reflection component are needed to account for a fluorescent emission line at 6.4 keV and the occurrence of X-ray reflection in the system. We also present the spin phase-resolved spectral variations of IGR J16547-1916 in the 0.5–78.0 keV energy band and find dependencies in the X-ray spectral parameters during the rotation of the white dwarf.
The mid-infrared environment of the stellar merger remnant V838 Monocerotis
Authors: Mobeen Muhammad Zain , Kamiński Tomasz , Matter Alexis , Wittkowski Markus , Paladini Claudia
Published: November 2021

Context.In 2002, V838 Monocerotis (V838 Mon) erupted in a red nova event that has been interpreted as being a stellar merger. Soon after reaching peak luminosity, it began to cool and its spectrum evolved to later spectral types. Dust was also formed in the post-merger remnant, making it bright in the mid-infrared. Interferometric studies at these wavelengths have suggested the presence of a flattened elongated structure.

Aims.We investigate, for the first time, the structure and orientation of the dusty envelope surrounding V838 Mon in theLband (2.8–4.2 μm) using recent observations with the MATISSE instrument at the VLTI.

Methods.We perform simple geometrical modeling of the interferometric observables using basic models (disks, Gaussians, and point sources, along with their combinations). We also reconstructed an image and analyzed the correspondingL-band spectrum.

Results.This study indicates the presence of an elongated, disk-like structure near 3.5 μm, similar to what has been observed in other wavelength regimes. In particular, the orientation at a position angle of –40° agrees with prior measurements in other bands.

Conclusions.The dusty elongated structure surrounding V838 Mon appears to be a stable and long-lived feature that has been present in the system for over a decade. Its substructure and origin remain unclear but may be related to mass loss phenomena that took place in the orbital plane of the merged binary.
NMB4.0: development of integrated nuclear fuel cycle simulator from the front to back-end
Authors: Okamura Tomohiro , Katano Ryota , Oizumi Akito , Nishihara Kenji , Nakase Masahiko , Asano Hidekazu , Takeshita Kenji
Published: November 2021

Nuclear Material Balance code version 4.0 (NMB4.0) has been developed through collaborative R&D between TokyoTech&JAEA. Conventional nuclear fuel cycle simulation codes mainly analyze actinides and are specialized for front-end mass balance analysis. However, quantitative back-end simulation has recently become necessary for considering R&D strategies and sustainable nuclear energy utilization. Therefore, NMB4.0 was developed to realize the integrated nuclear fuel cycle simulation from front- to back-end. There are three technical features in NMB4.0: 179 nuclides are tracked, more than any other code, throughout the nuclear fuel cycle; the Okamura explicit method is implemented, which contributes to reducing the numerical cost while maintaining the accuracy of depletion calculations on nuclides with a shorter half-life; and flexibility of back-end simulation is achieved. The main objective of this paper is to show the newly developed functions, made for integrated back-end simulation, and verify NMB4.0 through a benchmark study to show the computational performance.
Evaluation of Renewable Energy System For Sustainable Development
Authors: Faraji Abdolmaleki Shoeib , Bello Bugallo Pastora M.
Published: November 2021

This study reviews sustainable development (SD) elements through a holistic literature review to consider the relationship between SD indicators in the renewable energy (RE) sector, to identify critical drivers and methodologies needed to solve sustainability problems in RE. Through a systematic review, some compatible articles are selected from the electronic libraries. Driven information is employed to make a database that gives themes, dimensions, and indicators. Afterward, the sustainability evaluation of RE systems is investigated as an objective. Scopes and themes regarding SD and RE are investigated. As a result, SD indicators, RE systems, energy and sustainability, environmental sustainability assessment, energy security, electricity/power production, and energy geopolitics are the most existing scopes. Eleven sustainability frameworks, which scholars have used to consider RE sustainability, are identified appropriately. As a result, key dimensions are environmental, economic, social, technical, and institutional drivers. Therefore, indicators and criteria are reviewed for the top five drivers. Some of the most important of these indicators are: social (acceptability, job creation, social benefit, impact on health), economic (investment cost, operation, maintenance cost, and energy cost), environmental (CO2 emission, land use, impact on ecosystem, NOx and SOx emissions, GHG emission reduction, particle emission, noise), technical (efficiency, reliability, resource availability, maturity, safety, primary energy ratio, feasibility), and institutional (legal regulation of activity, government support, political stability, absence of violence/terrorism). Also, methodologies are examined to solve the challenge of sustainability evaluation. Literature review, MCDM techniques, LCA, PCA, and statistical methods are among the most widely used. Therefore, fully understanding the evaluation elements of SD in RE systems and having a database can speed up such studies.
Projektübergreifende Unterstützung von Registern in Entwicklung, Umsetzung und Betrieb
Authors: Harkener Sonja , Stausberg Jürgen
Published: November 2021

Ziel Vom Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung wurde ein Begleitprojekt zu einer Förderinitiative zum Aufbau modellhafter Register gefördert. Ziel war die registerübergreifende Unterstützung von zunächst 16, später 6 Projekten bezüglich methodischer, technischer und struktureller Standards.

Methodik Die 16 Projekte wurden zunächst bei der Konzeptentwicklung begleitet, u. a. durch eine Vorlage für ein Registerprotokoll. Außerdem wurde eine Expertenberatung organisiert und umgesetzt. Zur Unterstützung bei der Auswahl einer IT-Lösung wurde ein Workshop in Form einer Challenge ausgerichtet, auf dem verschiedene Anbieter ihre Software für Register vorstellten. Die Merkmalskataloge der Projekte wurden in einen Metadaten-Katalog überführt und in das Standardmodell der ISO/IEC 11179 übertragen. Für ein in der Betriebsphase umzusetzendes, registerübergreifendes Qualitätsmanagement wurde ein Set von Qualitätsindikatoren festgelegt. Zur Verbesserung der Datenqualität waren die Indikatoren regelmäßig zu übermitteln und auszuwerten.

Ergebnisse Die Vorlage für ein Registerprotokoll wurde mehrheitlich von den Projekten für einen Antrag auf Förderung ihrer Betriebsphase genutzt. Auf dem Workshop zu IT-Lösungen wurden 12 Produkte für Registersoftware vorgestellt; die Projekte entschieden sich allerdings aus unterschiedlichen Gründen für andere Lösungen. Durch die Überführung der Merkmalskataloge in ein Standardmodell wurde ein Vergleich von Merkmalen und Wertemengen ermöglicht. Daraus konnten Empfehlungen für wichtige Elemente formuliert werden. Für das Qualitätsmanagement wurde ein Set von fünf Qualitätsindikatoren festgelegt, zu denen für das Jahr 2020 eine erste Auswertung erfolgte.

Schlussfolgerung Die Vorlage eines Registerprotokolls dient einer strukturierten Erarbeitung eines Konzepts. Die Verwendung eines einheitlich strukturierten Merkmalskatalogs unterstützt die Einhaltung der FAIR-Prinzipien. Eine Überwachung der Datenqualität kann durch eine regelmäßige, registerübergreifende Ermittlung von Qualitätsindikatoren erreicht werden.
Das deutschlandweite, webbasierte ParaReg-Register zur lebenslangen Dokumentation von Querschnittgelähmten – Datenmodell, rechtlich-ethische Voraussetzungen und technische Implementierung
Authors: Rupp Rüdiger , Jersch Patrick , Schuld Christian , Schweidler Joachim , Benning Nils-Hendrik , Knaup-Gregori Petra , Aach Mirko , Badke Andreas , Hildesheim Andreas , Maier Doris , Weidner Norbert , Saur Marion
Published: November 2021

Ziel der Studie In Deutschland unterscheiden sich die Behandlungspfade von frisch Querschnittgelähmten in Abhängigkeit von intrinsisch-krankheitsspezifischen und extrinsischen Faktoren erheblich. Welche dieser Faktoren mit einem verbesserten Outcome, weniger Folgekomplikationen und stationären Wiederaufnahmen assoziiert sind, ist bis heute nicht bekannt. Daher soll das deutschlandweite, patientenzentrierte, webbasierte ParaReg-Register implementiert werden, um langfristig eine bessere Qualität der Patientenversorgung, Planung der Behandlungspfade und Kosteneffizienz zu erreichen.

Methodik In der Konzeptionierungsphase 2017/18 wurde das Datenmodell des Registers vom ParaReg-Leitungskomitee in einem iterativen Prozess zusammen mit dem erweiterten Vorstand der Deutschsprachigen Medizinischen Gesellschaft für Paraplegiologie e.V. (DMGP) und Patientenvertretern entwickelt. In ParaReg werden soziale und medizinische Routinedaten zusammen mit international etablierten neurologischen, funktionellen und partizipationsbezogenen Scores dokumentiert. Die Vergabe einer eindeutigen Patienten-ID erlaubt lebenslang eine zentrumsübergreifende Dokumentation von stationären Aufenthalten in einem der 27 in Deutschland in der DMGP organisierten Querschnittzentren. Das ParaReg-Datenschutzkonzept und die Patienteninformation/-einwilligung orientieren sich an den um DSGVO-relevante Aspekte erweiterten Vorlagen des Open Source Registers für seltene Erkrankungen (OSSE).

Ergebnisse In der 2019 begonnenen Realisierungsphase wurde die informationstechnische Infrastruktur gemäß des klinischen ID-Management-Moduls der Technologie- und Methodenplattform für die vernetzte medizinische Forschung e.V. (TMF) umgesetzt. Parallel wurden die rechtlich-ethischen Voraussetzungen für den Registerbetrieb unter der Schirmherrschaft der DMGP geschaffen. In das Datenschutzkonzept sind die Empfehlungen der Arbeitsgruppe Datenschutz der TMF eingeflossen. Basierend auf den Rückmeldungen aus der Alpha-Testphase mit Eingabe der Aufenthaltsdaten von 40 Patienten wurde die Ergonomie der elektronischen Eingabeformulare speziell für mobile Eingabegeräte verbessert.

Schlussfolgerung Mit Abschluss der monozentrischen Alpha-Testphase hat die multizentrische Datenerhebung an 5 DMGP-Querschnittzentren begonnen. Die Nachhaltigkeit von ParaReg ist durch die strukturelle und finanzielle Unterstützung durch die DMGP auch nach Auslaufen der Förderung durch das Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) gesichert.
Die Sicherheit des Lebendnierenspenders – Das Deutsche Lebendspende Register SOLKID-GNR – Entstehung und Struktur eines nationalen Registers in der Versorgungsforschung
Authors: Suwelack Barbara , Dugas Martin , Koch Martina , Sommerer Claudia , Urban Marc , Gerß Joachim , Wegner Jeannine , Burgmer Markus
Published: November 2021

Im Deutschen Lebendspende Register SOLKID-GNR (Safety of the Living Kidney Donor – The German National Register) werden medizinische und psychosoziale Daten zum Outcome von Lebendnierenspender erhoben. Die prospektive Datenerhebung ermöglicht erstmals in Deutschland eine wissenschaftlich fundierte Langzeitanalyse, wie sich eine Lebendnierenspende auf die psychische und physische Gesundheit von Lebendnierenspendern auswirkt. Dies trägt direkt zu einer Verbesserung der Information und Versorgung der Lebendnierenspender bei.
Therapie transparent darstellen – Etpro
Authors: Völler Stefanie
Published: November 2021

Die Ergotherapeutische Prozessdokumentation (ETpro) ist ein neues Tool, mit dessen Hilfe Therapeut*innen den Therapieprozess komplett erfassen und dokumentieren können. Stefanie Völler ist Teil des Projektteams, das ETpro entwickelt hat, und beschreibt, warum das Instrument so nützlich ist.
Meinungsbild von Pädiatern zum Impfstatus von
geflüchteten Kindern – Herausforderungen einer medizinischen
Anbindung an das ambulante Regelversorgungssystem
Authors: Jablonowski Lara , Gardemann Joachim , Smollich Martin , Kuczius Thorsten
Published: November 2021

Hintergrund Neben der medizinischen Grundversorgung von
Geflüchteten sollte eine Einbindung in das örtliche
gesundheitliche Regelversorgungssystem gewährleistet werden. Erste Daten
lassen vermuten, dass eine Impflücke unter geflüchteten
(Schul-)Kindern entstanden sein könnte, die sich auf den Zeitraum der
ersten allgemeinen Inaugenscheinnahme bei Ankunft (der ersten zentralen
Gesundheitsmaßnahme) und dem Übergang in das örtliche
gesundheitliche Versorgungssystem bezieht.

Ziel Ziel dieser Studie war die Erhebung eines Meinungsbildes
niedergelassener Pädiater über den Impfstatus der Kinder von
Geflüchteten zur Überprüfung, ob eine SOLL-IST-Differenz
im Masern-, Mumps-, Röteln- (Varizellen-)Impfschema zwischen den
Zeiträumen der Erstaufnahme und der Einschulungsuntersuchung entstanden
sein könnte. Einschätzungen über hemmende sowie
fördernde Faktoren sollten Handlungsfelder zur systematischen Anbindung
an das medizinische Regelversorgungssystem generieren.

Methode Die Analysen erfolgten mittels qualitativer Experteninterviews
sowie einer quantitativen Fragebogenerhebung zur Erfassung des Meinungsbildes
niedergelassener Pädiater in Münster.

Ergebnisse Die Einschätzungen zeigten, dass keine eindeutige
Impflücke bei (Schul-)Kindern geflüchteter Familien vorhanden
ist. Eine Herausforderung besteht in der systematischen Anbindung an das
örtliche ambulante Regelversorgungssystem. Kritische Faktoren waren
inadäquate Impfaufklärungen, Sprachbarrieren und häufige
Aufenthaltsortswechsel. Die Impfeinstellung und das Impfverhalten
Geflüchteter wurden als äußerst positiv bewertet.
Internationale Standards, insbesondere die Sphere-Standards, finden im Rahmen
der Flüchtlingshilfe in der praktischen Umsetzung zu wenig
Beachtung.

Schlussfolgerung Auf Grundlage der Ergebnisse konnten Handlungsfelder zur
Prävention von Impflücken bei Geflüchteten sowie zur
systematischen Anbindung an das ambulante Regelversorgungssystem identifiziert
werden. Die Sphere-Standards als internationale Standards sollten dabei
bewusster eingearbeitet werden.
Neue Aspekte in der ­Reanimationsleitlinie 2021
Authors: Özlü Ismail
Published: November 2021

Der European Resuscitation Council hat in diesem Jahr zum siebten Mal die Leitlinien für Reanimation für Europa publiziert. Wir stellen die wichtigsten Neuerungen speziell zu den „Erweiterten Reanimationsmaßnahmen für Erwachsene“ vor.
Intendierte Handlungs- kompetenz von Pflegenden im postmortalen Organspendeprozess
Authors: Flotow Romy
Published: November 2021

Damit Intensivpflegende im generellen Umgang mit Organspendern und deren Angehörigen kompetent handeln können, sollten in der Weiterbildung Intensivpflege entsprechend aufbereitete Fachbücher den Kompetenzerwerb unterstützen. Welche Literatur dafür derzeit infrage kommt, zeigt eine Dokumentenanalyse von Fachbüchern für die Intensivpflege von Erwachsenen.
Simulationstrainings für Reanimationsmaßnahmen
Authors: Özlü Ismail
Published: November 2021

Gegenstand dieses Beitrags ist das Trainingskonzept zu den erweiterten Reanimationsmaßnahmen, das als Grundlage für sogenannte Simulationstrainings dient. Das Trainingskonzept basiert auf den Leitlinienvorgaben der European Resuscitation Council (ERC), die 2021 aktualisiert wurden. Der Fokus des Trainingskonzepts liegt auf den erweiterten Reanimationsmaßnahmen, die im innerklinischen Setting erfolgen, das im Folgenden dargestellt wird.
Prävalenz von Internetsucht vor und während der
COVID-19 Pandemie unter Studierenden der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität
Mainz
Authors: Werner Antonia M. , Petersen Julia , Müller Kai W , Tibubos Ana N , Schäfer Markus , Mülder Lina M , Reichel Jennifer L , Heller Sebastian , Dietz Pavel , Wölfling Klaus , Beutel Manfred E
Published: November 2021

Ziel der Studie Internetsucht ist eine Verhaltensstörung, von
welcher v. a. Jugendliche und junge Erwachsene, unter ihnen auch
Studierende an Hochschulen betroffen sind. Die COVID-19 Pandemie führte
aufgrund der Maßnahmen zu ihrer Eindämmung zu starken
Einbußen sozialer Beziehungen, Studium und Freizeitaktivitäten
der Studierenden. Diese Studie untersuchte, wie hoch die Prävalenz der
Internetsucht unter Studierenden vor und während der COVID-19 Pandemie
ausfällt und welche soziodemografischen (Geschlecht, Fachgruppe) und
Gesundheitsfaktoren (Depressionssymptome, Einsamkeit, Ängste,
Impulsivität) mit Internetsuchtsymptomen assoziiert sind.

Methodik In der vorliegenden Studie nahmen 2 Stichproben der Studierenden
der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz im Sommer 2019 (N=4351)
vor und im Sommer 2020 (N=3066) während der COVID-19 Pandemie im
Rahmen des Modellvorhabens „Healthy Campus Mainz-gesund
studieren“ zur Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung zu
verschiedenen Gesundheitsthemen und Studienbedingungen an Online-Umfragen teil.
Es wurde die Prävalenz von Internetsucht erhoben und mittels
logistischer Regression Zusammenhänge mit Geschlecht,
Depressionssymptomen, Einsamkeit, Ängsten und Impulsivität
analysiert.

Ergebnisse Die Prävalenz der Internetsucht lag 2019 bei
3,9% und lag 2020 signifikant höher bei 7,8%.
Während 2019 männliches Geschlecht noch mit Internetsucht
assoziiert war (OR2019=0,685, p<0,05), konnten
2020 keine Geschlechtsunterschiede mehr festgestellt werden. Sowohl vor als auch
während der Pandemie gingen Depressionssymptome
(OR2019=1,121, p<0,001;
OR2020=1,175, p<0,001) und Einsamkeit
(OR2019=1,121, p<0,001;
OR2020=1,071, p<0,05) mit Internetsucht
einher, während der Pandemie auch Angstgefühle
(OR2020=1,156, p<0,05).

Schlussfolgerung Studierende stellen eine gefährdete Gruppe
für Internetsucht dar. Während der COVID-19 Pandemie trat die
Symptomatik deutlich häufiger auf als noch ein Jahr zuvor. Es
müssen unbedingt geeignete Präventions- und
Interventionsangebote für Studierende implementiert werden, die sowohl
Internetsucht, aber auch damit einhergehende Probleme wie Depression und
Einsamkeit in den Blick nehmen.
Which Speech Sound Norms Are Used in U.S. Public Schools? A Retrospective Survey Analysis
Authors: Farquharson Kelly , Stevenson Kaia L.
Published: November 2021

Normative data concerning speech sound acquisition are widely and heavily used in the United States to determine eligibility for services. Normative studies differ in the age and geographic location of participants, which can limit applicability across the United States. In 2016, we queried school-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in the United States using a web-based survey to determine which speech sound norms are used. Nine regions from the U.S. census were represented. The Iowa–Nebraska norms were most commonly reported. However, many SLPs were unable to name the source of the data that they used. More than 60% of the sample indicated that they referred to one source of normative data. Results of a logistic regression indicated that region of the United States predicted if SLPs used one or multiple sources. Specifically, SLPs in the West North Central region of the United States (which includes Iowa and Nebraska) were more likely to use only one source of data, the Iowa–Nebraska norms. We recommend that speech sound norms are less heavily relied upon for eligibility decisions, particularly due to the substantial variations in culture and dialect throughout the various regions of the United States.
Rigorous computer-assisted bounds on the period doubling renormalization fixed point and eigenfunctions in maps with critical point of degree 4
Authors: Burbanks Andrew D. , Osbaldestin Andrew H. , Thurlby Judi A.
Published: November 2021

We gain tight rigorous bounds on the renormalization fixed point for period doubling in families of unimodal maps with degree 4 critical point. We use a contraction mapping argument to bound essential eigenfunctions and eigenvalues for the linearization of the operator and for the operator controlling the scaling of added noise. Multi-precision arithmetic with rigorous directed rounding is used to bound operations in a space of analytic functions yielding tight bounds on power series coefficients and universal constants to over 320 significant figures.
Experimental and theoretical analysis of detonation products state on bubble dynamics and energy distribution in underwater explosion
Authors: Shan Feng , He Yong , Jiao Jun-Jie , Wang Han-Cheng
Published: November 2021

The initial states and pressure of detonation products in a bubble have a great impact on bubble pulsation in underwater explosions; particularly, the initial accelerated expansion of a bubble can determine the energy distribution. The energy output and distribution of explosives were obtained on the basis of the underwater explosion experiment in this paper. To study the process of bubble pulsation and energy output, we proposed a gas equation of state (EOS) combining the pvk form, Jones–Wilkins–Lee (JWL) EOS, and the initial states of a bubble to take the effects of the initial bubble pressure and detonation products state transformation into account; furthermore, the bubble radius, velocity, and acceleration vs time were obtained through the Rayleigh–Plesset equation under our experimental condition. The differences of bubble behaviors were compared by adopting the JWL EOS and a polytropic EOS with k = 3. The results showed that the initial bubble pressure and detonation products state transformation influence the accelerating expansion and the subsequent bubble oscillation, respectively. Subsequently, comparisons of the energy output and distribution for different gas EOSs showed that the initial shock wave energy for the JWL EOS was underestimated in accelerating expansion, and the bubble energy was overestimated using the polytropic EOS for k = 3; the obtained energy output and distribution had a better agreement with experimental data when adopting the improved gas EOS. In addition, the energy distribution was determined before the detonation products turned to the explosion gas state in initial expansion based on the relationship of the accelerating expansion characteristics and the initial shock wave energy generation. The research has a great significance to reveal the mechanism of bubble pulsation in underwater explosions.
Particle tracking simulation of an air channel transistor
Authors: Monshipouri Mahta , Walia Sumeet , Bhaskaran Madhu , Sriram Sharath
Published: November 2021

Advances in nanofabrication techniques have underpinned the recent growing interest in vacuum channel transistors due to their ability to showcase ballistic transport and immunity to most radiations. However, the geometry of the electrodes plays an important role in the overall performance and efficiency of the device. Several studies on the geometry of the source electrode have been carried out because of its role in enhancement of the local electric field, which triggers electron tunneling, yet the geometry of the drain electrode has been neglected. Here, we propose a new planar vacuum channel transistor with gold electrodes. Our study shows that the unique geometrical design of the device leads to high collection efficiency. Furthermore, it reveals the importance of the geometry of the drain on device performance. Emission characteristics of the device and the effect of geometrical parameters such as channel length and source geometry on its performance have also been investigated.