bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DESEMPENHO HIDRÁULICO E DIÂMETRO DE GOTAS DE UM CANHÃO DO TIPO TURBINA
Authors: Rocha Felizardo Adenilson , Da Silva Antônio Marciano , Mello Carlos Rogério de
Published: October 2018

DESEMPENHO HIDRÁULICO E DIÂMETRO DE GOTASDE UM CANHÃO DO TIPO TURBINA  Júlio H. Fernandes César1, Felizardo Adenilson Rocha2, Antônio Marciano da Silva3; Carlos Rogério de Mello31Faculdade da Terra, Brasília, DF,  jhfcesar@ig.com.br2Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 3Departamento de Engenharia, Universidade Federal Lavras. Lavras, MG.  1 RESUMO  O trabalho objetiva avaliar o desempenho técnico do aspersor canhão do tipo turbina Mercury. Para este estudo foram testados três bocais ( 16, 20 e 22 mm), com pressões de serviço de 250, 300, 350, 400, 450 e 500 kPa, pelo método de ensaio radial, com a finalidade de verificar a influência destes parâmetros na uniformidade de distribuição, intensidade de aplicação, diâmetro médio de gotas, raios de alcance e uniformidade de rotação. Observou-se que o diâmetro médio de gotas aumentou à medida que se reduziu a pressão de serviço, sendo que o comportamento do mesmo não se adaptou ao modelo clássico de aumento gradual do diâmetro médio das gotas pois foram constatados vários diâmetros de gotas ao longo do raio molhado. Os dados de vazão versus pressão se ajustaram à equação potencia, onde o bocal 16 mm mostrou-se mais susceptível às variações de pressão de serviço. O perfil de distribuição demonstrado é do tipo "doughnut" e retangular. Os dados de uniformidade de rotação demonstraram a eficiência do sistema de rotação do tipo turbina. Recomenda-se o uso das tabelas geradas em substituição ao catálogo do fabricante. UNITERMOS: Irrigação por aspersão, perfil de distribuição, coeficiente de uniformidade.  CESAR, J. H. F.; ROCHA, F. A.; SILVA, A. M.; MELLO, C. R. HYDRAULIC PERFORMANCE AND DROP DIAMETER OF TURBINE-TYPE GUN SPRINKLER   2 ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the technical performance of a Mercury turbine-type gun sprinkler. The study was developed with three nozzles (16, 20 and 22 mm), operating pressures of 250, 300, 350, 400, 450 and 500 kPa, using the radial method test to verify the influence of these parameters on distribution uniformity, precipitation rate, average drop diameter, reach radius and rotation uniformity. It was verified that the average drop diameter increased as the operating pressure decreased, and that did not fit the classic model of gradual increase of the average drop diameter because several diameters were verified along the wet reach  radius. The discharge data versus pressure were adjusted to potential equation, and the 16 mm nozzle was the most susceptible to service pressure variations. The water distribution profile is "doughnut"-like and rectangular. The rotation uniformity data demonstrated the efficiency of the turbine-type rotation system. Thus, the use of the produced tables in this study is recommended to substitute the manufacturer's manual. KEYWORDS: sprinkler irrigation, distribution profile, irrigation uniformity.
QUALIDADE DA ÁGUA RESIDUÁRIA PARA REUSO NA AGRICULTURA IRRIGADA
Authors: Da Silva Tamires Lima
Published: October 2018

QUALIDADE DA ÁGUA RESIDUÁRIA PARA REUSO NA AGRICULTURA IRRIGADA
 
 
TAMIRES LIMA DA SILVA¹
 
¹ Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, CEP 18610-307, Botucatu, SP, Brasil, E-mail: tamireslsilva@gmail.com;
 
 
1 RESUMO
 
A irrigação é uma técnica que visa o aumento da produtividade agrícola. No Brasil, é previsto um acréscimo de 45 % da área irrigada até 2030 (de 6,95 milhões de hectares-Mha para 10 Mha), resultando assim em um aumento da demanda hídrica.    Neste contexto, o reuso de águas residuárias pode ser uma alternativa efetiva na prevenção de problemas de disponibilidade hídrica na agricultura irrigada; contudo, é necessário analisar a qualidade da água para melhor determinar os métodos de irrigação a serem empregados. Este trabalho apresenta uma revisão sobre os parâmetros que podem ser analisados para uma adequada interpretação da qualidade da água residuária para reuso agrícola. A literatura revisada revela que os parâmetros analisados para a caracterização da qualidade da água podem estar relacionados com seus efeitos no solo, na cultura, no manejo do sistema de irrigação, e aos potenciais riscos à saúde pública.
 
Palavras-chave: Reuso agrícola, irrigação, contaminação da água, saúde pública
 
 
SILVA, T. L.
WASTEWATER QUALITY FOR REUSE IN IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE
 
 
2 ABSTRACT
 
Irrigation is a technique that aims at increasing agricultural productivity. In Brazil, an increment of 45% of the irrigated area is predicted until 2030 (from 6.95 million hectares - Mha to 10 Mha), resulting in an increase in water demand. In this context, the reuse of wastewater can be an effective alternative to prevent problems of water availability in irrigated agriculture; however, it is necessary to analyze the water quality to better determine the irrigation methods to be used. This paper presents a review about the parameters that could be analyzed for an adequate interpretation of the wastewater quality for agricultural reuse. The revised literature reveals that the parameters analyzed for characterization of water quality could be related to their effects on soil, crop, irrigation system management, and potential risks to public health.
 
Keywords: Agricultural reuse, irrigation, water contamination, public health
Splitting tensile strength of natural aggregates, recycled aggregates and brick chips concrete
Authors: Khan Mehsam Tanzim , Jahan Israt , Amanat Khan Mahmud
Published: October 2018

This paper presents an experimental study and analysis of the splitting tensile strength (ft) and relationship between splitting tensile strength and compressive strength (f′c) of concrete made of three types of coarse aggregates; namely crushed brick chips (CBC), natural stone aggregates (SA) and recycled concrete aggregates (RCA). Four concrete mixtures with different target strengths were prepared and for each mixture, six cylindrical samples were subjected to split-cylinder tests and another six cylindrical samples were subjected to compression tests at 28 d. Raw test data were then analysed according to the American Concrete Institute (ACI) 214 and the average tensile strength obtained was compared with the relevant compressive strength based on statistical curve fitting. This study shows that while the ACI equation and equations suggested by other authors for the correlation between splitting tensile strength and compressive strength are applicable for SA concrete, they are not quite applicable for concrete made with CBC or RCA. Thus, new empirical equations are derived to predict the splitting tensile strength from concrete compressive strength for concrete made with CBC and RCA.
Relationship between dielectric constant of soils with clay content and dry unit weight
Authors: Shimobe Satoru , Spagnoli Giovanni
Published: October 2018

The monitoring of water movement and transfer into the ground is very important for assessing mechanisms such as settlements, ground contamination, road collapse or landslides, to name a few. Soil moisture can be indirectly measured with different techniques. In this paper, a three-phase mixed α model of the soil dielectric constant is considered and the parameters are calculated considering a large database (experimental and from literature). Then, the physical meaning and interpretation of those parameters are described from the viewpoints of the soil index properties (i.e. soil type, dry density ρdand clay content).
Predicting California bearing ratio of foundation soil using ultrasonic pulse velocity
Authors: Selçuk Levent , Şeker Vedat
Published: October 2018

The California bearing ratio is a simple load-penetration test for determining the bearing capacity of soil being used as a foundation subgrade, subbase or base course. There are many empirical models to determine the ratio from soil index properties, but most of these are unsatisfactory. The scope of the investigation reported in this paper was to assess the reliability and accuracy of using ultrasonic pulse velocity for reliable estimates of bearing capacity. Ultrasonic pulse velocity is theoretically a much better indicator than other soil properties for evaluating bearing capacity as it is a function of density and elastic modulus and is strongly affected by material strength. A large-scale regression analysis was carried out using experimental data to evaluate the relationship between California bearing ratio and ultrasonic pulse velocity. Attenuation of ultrasonic waves was also investigated for measuring soil gradation, plasticity and compaction properties. It was found that the reliability and accuracy of ultrasonic pulse velocity in assessing the California bearing ratio indirectly seemed to be higher than those of traditional relationships between the ratio and these soil properties. These strong relationships are proposed for engineering projects requiring estimation of the California bearing ratio.
Performance of the predator Amblyseius swirskii (Athias-Henriot) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on plastic greenhouse pepper sprayed vs unsprayed pine pollen
Authors: KÜTÜK Halil
Published: October 2018

From sucking pests, a
one of the most known important pest, flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in
protected vegetable cultivation in Turkey. The predatory mite, Amblyseius swirskii (Athias-Henriot)
(Acari: Phytoseiidae) was used to control to suppress the pest population
especially on pepper plant in more than 50 countries worldwide since 2005. According the
literature on
A. swirskii, it can survive on pepper plants sprayed with pine and cattail pollen,
where there is no prey. Therefore, it was expected that population of a well-known
pollenophagous species, A. swirskii can be increased by spraying
pine pollen to peppers. Pollen was diluted
in water and sprayed on the plants with backpack sprayer at the dose of
5 kg ha-1. In both experiments, the thrips
populations was less than 2 per flower in the predatory mite released plots
(with predators and without pollen and with predators and pine pollen)
throughout the experiments. Contrary to our expectation, the provision of pine pollen to peppers
did not result in increased number of the predatory mite. Our results clearly
show that, the pine pollen was less suitable food source than the pepper own
pollen for the predatory mite. Some study on pine pollen as a non-prey food
source for A. swirskii with a full analysis of constituents is
necessary.
Ist eine nicht-anthropozentrische Soziologie denkbar? Die Soziologie als anthropologische Humanwissenschaft bei Foucault und Latours Gegenentwurf
Authors: Roßler Gustav
Published: October 2018

Can we imagine a sociology that is not anthropocentric? This paper deals with sociology as a human science of the 19th century as Foucault describes it in Les mots et les choses. How can the anthropological structure of sociology be defined more specifically? The paper argues that it is characterized by four features: human consciousness as agency of the social, marginalization of things, man as empirico-transcendental doublet, and sociologism. The author discusses Latour's non-anthropocentric sociology as an alternative draft of social theory and specifies the difference between the concepts of modernity used by Latour and Foucault.
Graphene v1
Authors: Keller Tylor
Published: October 2018

As a new type of nanomaterials with the most thin, the maximum intensity and most conductive conductivity, graphene is known as "black gold" and "king of new materials".
Surfactant v1
Authors: Keller Tylor
Published: October 2018

Surfactants are compounds that lower the surface tension between two liquids, between a gas and a liquid, or between a liquid and a solid. Surfactants can be used as detergents, wetting agents, emulsifiers, foaming agents and dispersants.
Dyes v1
Authors: Keller Tylor
Published: October 2018

Dyes are colored organic compounds that can dye fibers or other substrates to a certain color. They can be divided into the following categories: Acid Dyes, Azoic Dyes, Basic Dyes, Direct Dyes, Cationic Dyes, Disperse Dyes, Neutral Dyes, Pigments, Reactive Dyes, Solvent Dyes and so on.
Ictiofauna de embalses en cascada en el cauce de un río tropical andino
Authors: Álvarez-Bustamante Jonathan , Jiménez-Segura Luz F. , Jaramillo-Villa Úrsula
Published: October 2018

El Concepto de Discontinuidad Serial afirma que la formación de embalses en cadena dentro de los ríos genera cambios en la estructura de la biota acuática que se acumulan a lo largo del cauce. En el río Porce (Cuenca del río Magdalena–Cauca, Colombia) se formaron dos embalses en cadena, los embalses Porce II y Porce III. Para conocer la respuesta del ensamblaje de peces dentro del sector del río que fue embalsado se tomaron muestras de cuatro periodos de lluvias abundantes y cuatro de menores lluvias entre los años 2011 y 2013, en sitios dentro de los dos embalses seleccionados según su posición en el eje longitudinal (cola, transición y presa); para eliminar el efecto de la profundidad en cada sitio se tomaron muestras a dos profundidades (superficial–fondo). Se capturaron 15 especies; 12 en Porce II y 10 en Porce III. Se observaron diferencias espaciales en cuanto a la composición y estructura de especies de peces, tanto en el eje longitudinal (cola–presa), como en el vertical (superficie–fondo). En el embalse Porce II, la riqueza y la abundancia de individuos disminuyeron en dirección cola-presa y fue mayor en la superficie que en el fondo; en el embalse Porce III, aunque la riqueza presentó la misma tendencia en el eje longitudinal, la abundancia fue mayor en el fondo que en la superficie. Las características del ensamblaje no estuvieron asociadas a los periodos pluviométricos en ninguno de los dos embalses. Se concluye que la composición y estructura del ensamblaje está definida por las características morfológicas del embalse, así como la edad y tiempo de retención hidráulica.
Implementation of Visual Timetable for Children with ASD in Center for Long-Term Rehabili¬tation of Children “Dobriy Sad”
Authors: Guseva N.Y.
Published: October 2018

The application of a visual schedule allows effectively educate and socialize children with autism spectrum disorders. In the end of the article the stages of implementation of the whole day general group schedule by teachers of the “Dobryi Sad” center are described. Positive results of 6-month work on the application of the visual schedule are presented, including, improvement in children’s skills of visual perception, cooperation, reduction of cases of problem behavior. Positive results of 6-month work on the application of the visual schedule are presented, including improvement in children’s visual perception skills, cooperation, reduction of cases of problem behavior.
Ending. Beginning in no 2 (59), 2018.
Stimuli similarity in subsequent search misses
Authors: Lanina A.A. , Gorbunova E.S.
Published: October 2018

The role of targets categorical similarity in subsequent search misses (SSM) effect, which assumes second target omission after the first target was found in visual search task, was observed. Participant’s task was to search for the targets (even or odd digits) among distracters (odd or ever digits, respectively). On each trial, it could be two, one or no targets. In dual target condition, the targets could be equal digits or different. 22 participants were tested, mean age — 18.73. Accuracy at detecting the second target after the first one was found was compared. Targets similarity had the significant effect on second target detection performance, F (1, 30) = 9.69, p = 0.002, ηp2 = 0.316, and on the search time, F (1, 31) = 28.29, p < 0.000, ηp2 = 0.574. In two dissimilar targets condition the participants missed the second target more often and found it slowly as compared to two similar targets condition. The results are discussed in the context perceptual set and resource depletion theories.
Manipulation based on Fryette’s Laws increases heart rate variability and muscle flexibility in subjects with headache
Authors: Sakabe Fabiana Forti , Sakabe Daniel Iwai , Gonçalves Gabriel Abreu , Santos Paloma Bernardelli dos
Published: October 2018

Background: The sympathetic nervous system has a direct connection with the cervical spine, through the cervical ganglia, in the superior cervical ganglion; therefore the manipulation of the superior cervical spine could result on modifications of the heart rate variability (HRV). Objective: To evaluate the immediate effect of the manipulation based on the Fryette’s laws of the superior cervical spinal (SCS) on HRV and posterior chain flexibility (PCF) in subjects with headache. Methods/Design: Twelve volunteers of both genders (23.8 ± 2.8 years), who had complaints of headache, participated in the study. Before and immediately after the HRV assessment, PCF was measured with the assistance of Wells and Dillon’s Bench test. For this the volunteer remained seated with the spine erect, lower limbs extended and feet resting on the bench. Then it was requested maximum flexion of the trunk and measured with a ruler the achieved distance. The HRV was obtained by the cardiofrequencymeter Polar RS800cx and captured for continuous fifteen minutes with the volunteer resting in supine position. At five minutes of collection, with the volunteer in the same position, the SCS manipulation technique (Fryette’s Laws) was performed bilaterally. The HRV assessment was performed in the time domain by the RMSSD index of RR intervals (Matlab For Windows version 6.1) in two different moments: before and after the manipulation. Statistical analysis consisted of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and paired t-test for comparison of pre and post manipulation variables (p<0.05). Results: There was a significant increase (p = 0.004) in the RMSSD index after the manipulation (from 42.58 ± 24.52 ms before the manipulation to 51.25 ± 27.55 ms ten minutes after manipulation). The PCF also increased significantly (p = 0.03) after the SCS manipulation (from 17.65 ± 11.9 cm to 21.40 ± 13.8 cm). Conclusions: The manipulation of SCS increased the HRV through the increase of the RMSSD index indicating a predominance of parasympathetic activity, and improved the PCF of the studied volunteers, also reduced signs and symptoms of headache.
Возможности применения глобальных технологий Big Data для повышения эффективности логистических процессов
Authors: Башина Ольга Эмильевна , Матраева Лилия Валериевна
Published: October 2018

На сегодняшний день информация расширяется с геометрической прогрессией за счет развития технологий в этой области и появления новых устройств. Однако обработка этих данных ставит все новые задачи перед исследователями, так как в подавляющем большинстве они являются неструктурированными и хаотичными. Это привело к появлению нового направления Big Data, в рамках которого формируются подходы к исследованию больших объемов данных для выявления шаблонов и раскрытия новой информации.

В рамках бизнес-процессов наиболее успешным и перспективным направлением является использование данных технологий в рамках логистистических процессов компаний. В связи с этим на основании эмпиричесского изучения актуального опыта зарубежных и российских компаний в данной области авторы систематизировали наиболее успешные, по их мнению, примеры, когда технологические нововведения в области Big Data позволили компаниям принципиально увеличить эффективность их деятельности. В результате было выделено пять наиболее успешных направлений в области логистики: маршрутизация товаров и транспортных средств; планирование оперативной мощности компаний, анализ степени удовлетворенности клиентов, планирование бизнес-спроса. В рамках проведенного анализа авторы не только фиксируют появление новых специфических трендов и информационных решений в данной области, но и делают акцент на том, как использование определенных технологий в области Big Data способствовало повышению эффективности работы компании в целом.

Вместе с тем, несмотря на достижения в области технологических и методологических аспектов больших данных, существует большой неиспользованный потенциал в этой области для российских компаний, нераскрытие которого может привести к ослаблению их позиций уже в ближайшем будущем в высококонкурентных отраслях.
Predictive values of ultrasound-based scoring system in morbidly adherent placenta for high risk group
Authors: Ali Abd El-Naser Abd El-Gaber , Mohammad Ahmed AM. , Khodry Mustafa M. , Abdallah Khaled M. , Abbas Ahmed M.
Published: October 2018

Background: The objective of the present study was to find out the predictive values of an ultrasound-based scoring system in diagnosis of morbidly adherent placenta (MAP) for high risk group. Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Egypt.Methods: 63 full term pregnant women (≥37 weeks of gestation) with high risk of morbidly adherent placenta underwent elective cesarean section. Placental assessment by 2 D ultrasound based on ultrasound scoring system in morbidly adherent placenta, these data were recorded for further comparison with intraoperative data for degree of placental adherence.Results: Incidence of MAP was 7.93% (4.76% had a focal form and 3.17% had a complete form of accreta). As regarding to scoring system, 82.5 of cases had a low risk (< 5), 9.5% had a moderate risk (6-7) and 7.93% had a high risk (8-12) of development of morbidly adherent placenta with p value <0.0001. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of the US scoring system for morbidly adherent placenta were (92.3%, 94.1%, 87.453% and 98.2%) respectively.Conclusions: Ultrasound based scoring system had a high predictive value (sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values) in diagnosis of morbidly adherent placenta for pregnant women have any risk factors for developing MAP.
A study evaluating third trimester haemoglobin level as a predictor of feto-maternal outcome in pregnancy induced hypertension cases
Authors: Das Sasmita , Pattanaik Tapan , Sahu Manisha
Published: October 2018

Background: The aim of this study is to assess whether third trimester haemoglobin level can be used as a predictor of feto-maternal adverse outcomes in pregnancies complicated with PIH.Methods: This is an observational study in the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department of IMS and SUM hospital, SOA university from July 2015 to December 2017. Institutional ethical committee permission obtained. All singleton pregnancies delivered during this period with PIH were included in the study. PIH and eclampsia was diagnosed as per ISSHP criteria. All chronic hypertension cases excluded. All were evaluated with haemoglobin level. They were divided into 3 groups depending upon haemoglobin level; low (<11gm%), normal (11-13gm%) and high haemoglobin group (> 13gm%) considering the WHO standard. Maternal complications observed were incidence of eclampsia, abruptio placentae, HELLP syndrome, PPH, neurological complications, ICU admissions and death. Fetal outcomes studied were NICU admission, stillbirth, incidence of prematurity and low birth weight. All these parameters were compared among 3 groups. Statistical analysis was done with SPSS 20 software using Yate’s corrected chi square test.Results: Incidence of eclampsia was significantly greater with both high (p<0.001) and low (p=0.0085) haemoglobin level than normal haemoglobin level. Maternal complications and adverse perinatal outcomes (stillbirth, low birth weight, prematurity, NICU admission) are significantly greater with high haemoglobin level than cases with normal haemoglobin level. There is no significant difference in maternal and perinatal complications between low and normal haemoglobin group.Conclusions: High haemoglobin level >13gm% in third trimester is associated with worst feto-maternal outcome whereas normal haemoglobin level (11-13gm%) is associated with least feto-maternal complications.
Obstetric and new born outcome in HIV infected pregnant women: a prospective cohort study in Bangalore Medical College Hospitals, India
Authors: Desai Rashmi S. , Shivamurthy Geetha , Desai Sameer
Published: October 2018

Background: The effect of HIV on obstetric complications is known to vary across regions of world. The variation may be due to HIV infection per se or it may be due to complex interaction of related medical and social conditions that affect pregnancy. Incidence of these obstetric complications in HIV infected pregnant women is not well reported in India. So, this prospective cohort study was carried to observe the demographics and incidence of obstetrics complications like abortions, still birth, premature rupture of membranes, preterm delivery, opportunistic infections in HIV infected pregnant women.Methods: All pregnant women who were screened positive for HIV test, irrespective of their gestational age were included in the study. Apart from routine obstetric care, CD4 cell count was carried out. The patients were followed up till term, delivery and up to 6-week postpartum period. Obstetric outcomes like incidence of abortion, intrauterine death, preterm delivery and premature rupture of membrane were noted. Baby`s birth weight and the incidence of maternal opportunistic infection were noted and correlated with maternal CD4 cell count.Results: Maternal HIV infection is associated pre-term labour in 34.5%, PROM in 30%, low birth weight in 52.3%. Increased incidences of these adverse outcomes have an inverse relationship with CD4 count.Conclusions: Maternal HIV infection is associated with increased incidence of adverse obstetric outcome and opportunistic infection, and their incidences increase with lower CD4 count.
Ultrasonographic measurement of uterine lower segment scar thickness in cases of previous one caesarean section and obstetric outcome
Authors: Ganapathi Trupthi , Chaudhari Hemangi K.
Published: October 2018

Background: Vaginal birth after caesarean section (VBAC) has become an integral part of modern obstetrics with more than 1lakh VBACs achieved each year nationwide. Several studies have reported perinatal risks associated with failed trial of labour and uterine rupture in women attempting VBAC, due to concerns about these complications, the rate of VBAC deliveries has continued to fall in developed countries, with an inverse increase in Caesarean Sections (CS). To better assess the risk of uterine rupture, many authors have proposed sonographic measurement of scar or lower uterine segment (LUS) thickness near term, assuming that there is an inverse correlation between LUS thickness and the risk of uterine scar defect. Therefore, this assessment for the management of women with prior CS has increased safety by selecting women with the lowest risk of uterine rupture.Methods: Present study was a prospective observational study which assessed the obstetric outcome in women with previous lower segment caesarean section willing for trial of labour. Secondly, authors aimed to ascertain the best cut off values for predicting uterine rupture.Results: Present study found that as duration between previous LSCS and next pregnancy increased there was better chance of VBAC. As the baby weight increased VBAC rate reduced. Study also showed that scar thickness of 2.55mm and above measured by transabdominal method in the third trimester can be safely given trial of VBAC.Conclusions: Authors thus conclude that measurement of lower uterine segment/ scar thickness can help obstetrician decide whether VBAC is safe or not in patients with previous one LSCS willing for VBAC. Scar thickness of more than 2.55mm can be given safe trial of labour in women with previous one lower segment caesarean section.
Pattern of dyslipidemia among adult women with polycystic ovary syndrome in Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Authors: Green Kinikanwo I. , Amadi Collins
Published: October 2018

Background: Dyslipidemia is adjudged the most common metabolic disorder observed among women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, there is paucity of data to support this hypothesis in our region. Therefore, this study was structured to evaluate the pattern of dyslipidemia among women with PCOS in Port Harcourt, Nigeria.Methods: This was a retrospective study of 226 adult women with PCOS who had visited the Department of Chemical Pathology and Metabolic Medicine of a tertiary hospital in Nigeria over a 10-year period (1st January 2008 to 31st December 2017), aimed to evaluate the pattern of dyslipidemia in these women. Records on age, total cholesterol (Tc), triglycerides (Tg), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-c), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-c) were collected and analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk, descriptive, chi-square, and Fisher’s exact statistics. Statistical significance was set at 0.05.Results: The mean age of the study population was 28.40 ± 5.75 and ranged from 18 - 42 years. Most of the study population (55.3%) were within the age group of 20 – 30 years. The most common lipid abnormalities observed among the study population were increased triglycerides (75.7%) and decreased HDL-c (61.1%) concentrations while the least was increased total cholesterol (17.7%) and LDL-c (14.5%). Dyslipidemia was observed in 80.1% of the study population and more frequent (51.9%) within the age group of 20-30 years.Conclusions: Dyslipidemia is common among young adult women with PCOS. Regular assessment for dyslipidemia should be mandatory in PCOS to mitigate the long-term consequences of its complications.
Effectiveness of misoprostol for induction of first and early second trimester spontaneous miscarriages in parous women
Authors: Al-Dughaishi Tamima , Al-Haddabi Amjad Hamed , Al-Jabri Mussab Mussab Mubarak Hamed , Gowri Vaidyanathan
Published: October 2018

Background: Medical termination of missed miscarriage and incomplete miscarriage with misoprostol, are an alternative to surgical evacuation (dilatation and curettage). This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of misoprostol in highly parous woman for incomplete and missed miscarriage.Methods: This was a retrospective study was conducted in two different time lines (2010 and 2014). All patients admitted to the Sultan Qaboos University hospital, Muscat, Oman, for the management of first-trimester miscarriages (missed and incomplete types) during the study period were included. Some women were moved to dilation and curettage even after misoprostol. The effect of gravidity and parity on those women in whom misoprostol was not effective was studied.Results: The overall success rate of misoprostol for the management was 62.14% in 2010 and 53.8% 2014. In nulliparous woman the success rate of misoprostol was slightly higher than parous women. There was no apparent effect of gravidity and parity of ≥ 5 or ≥ 5 on the success of misoprostol.Conclusions: Misoprostol reduced the rate of surgical evacuation among the study subjects. In highly parous and multigravid women (≥ para 5 and gravida ≥5) the success was not significantly different compared to less parous women.
A study to assess efficacy of lower dose ketamine in labor analgesia and its effect on maternal and perinatal outcome
Authors: Singh Kavita N. , Tamta Nivedita
Published: October 2018

Background: Present study is planned to study the effectiveness of lower dose ketamine in labor analgesia and its effect on progression of labor, maternal and perinatal outcome.Methods: After obtaining ethical approval from institutional ethical committee, a prospective randomized interventional case control study was conducted in Department of obstetrics and gynecology, N.S.C.B medical college, Jabalpur. Parturient in active labor without risk factors were given 0.2 mg/kg intravenous ketamine in bolus form and 0.1 mg/kg in maintenance dose at 30 minutes interval till full dilatation and the results were analyzed using VAS scale and WHO partogram.Results: In present study, 280 parturient were included in the study. In 140 cases, induction-delivery interval was shortened in 47.10% cases. Pain relief was satisfactory (VAS 2-8) in 77.90% cases. However, 80.70% cases had transient light headedness. Overall satisfaction was significantly high in the intervention group (P<0.001).Conclusions: A lower dose ketamine in bolus form with loading dose of 0.2 mg/kg followed by maintenance dose of 0.1 mg/kg could provide safe and acceptable analgesia during labor and delivery.
Cardiac diseases in pregnancy and its feto-maternal outcome
Authors: Shah Parul T. , Bhagat Mohini A. , Patel Rina V. , Yadav Swati M.
Published: October 2018

Background: Cardiac disease complicates 1-3% of all pregnancies. Of this Rheumatic heart disease constitute 74% and congenital heart disease 26%.Methods: A retrospective study of all patients with cardiac diseases delivered was conducted. A tabulated representation of the data was done. The various cardiac diseases were categorized according the severity, NYHA classification, type of pathology, the maternal and perinatal outcome was assessed, and the maternal mortality and perinatal mortality was recorded.Results: 84% patients belonged to age group 20-29 years. 8% were teen aged and 4% patients were elderly. 64% patients were either P0+0 or P0+1. 8% patients were P0+3 and 2% patient were P3+0. 74% patients had RHD. 26% had grade I, 40% had grade II, 20% patients had grade III and 14% had grade IV heart disease. The associated complications were anemia 46%, Respiratory tract infection 12%, pregnancy induced hypertension 2% and recurrent rheumatic fever 2%. 48% had normal vaginal delivery, 20% had forceps delivery and 32% had caesarean delivery. One mother died of heart failure. All patients of grade I (100%) had term delivery. 23.07% of grade I, 30% of grade II, 60% of grade III and 100% babies of grade IV mothers were of low birth weight (˂2.5 kg). Babies weighing ˂1.5 kg were seen in 5% grade II, 10% grade III and 42.85% mothers with grade IV disease. 2 of grade IV and each of grade I, II and III died.Conclusions: Feto-maternal outcome can be improved with close supervision of obstetrician and cardiologist throughout the pregnancy by antenatal care, early diagnosis and management.
A study to compare the efficacy of intermittent versus continuous regimen of pantaprazole in the management of upper gastrointestinal bleed (non variceal)
Authors: Mahajan Uday , Kapoor Dhiraj , Rana B. S. , Kumar Pankaj , Kumar Dinesh , Malakar Sayan , Dass Bhagwan , Patial Abhimanyu , Singh Guriqbal
Published: October 2018

Background: UGI bleeding is defined as bleeding that occurs in the digestive tract proximal to the ligament of treitz. Intermittent dosage regimen IV bolus and high dose IV continuous infusion forms helps in achieving and maintaining this pH goal of more than 6 which forms optimal environment for peptic ulcer healing and clot stabilization to occur. Theoretically, high-dose IV continuous infusion should provide the most potent acid suppression. Aims and objective was to compare the efficacy of intermittent dose of pantoprazole given for 3 days i.e. 40mg intravenous twice a day versus continuous infusion dose of pantaprazole i.e. 80mg intravenous bolus followed by 8mg/hour for first 72hours in the treatment of UGI bleed.Methods: Patients of UGI bleed were randomly assigned to receive either continuous or intermittent regimen of pantaprazole as a part of management.Results: Among 118 patients of peptic ulcer disease, 7 patients had rebleed and 111 patients had no rebleed.3 patients among 59 patients who received continuous regimen and 4 patients among 59 patients who received intermittent regimen had rebleed with a total of 7 patients among 118 patients. Among 118 patients only 2 patients of the total had need for surgery for stabilization. Among 59 patients who received continuous regimen 2 patients needed surgery while none of the 59 patients who received intermittent regimen needed for surgery. Of the 118 patients 10 patients had mortality at the end of 30 day period. In both the regimes 5 patients died.Conclusions: The difference between Rockall score of the intermittent and continuous regimen group was statistically insignificant. The incidence of rebleed was 5.1 % for continuous and 6.7% for intermittent regimen which was statiscally insignificant. The incidence of mortality was similar 8.5%in both regimen.
Morphometry of the adult human dry hip bone in Kashmiri population
Authors: Kausar Zeenat , Bhat Ghulam Mohammad , Shahdad Shaheen , Bashir Khalid
Published: October 2018

Background: The distinctive morphology of the human hip bone makes it of interest from anatomical, anthropological and forensic point of view. Thus, by using visual criteria, metric techniques and discriminant function analysis we can estimate the age, sex and race of an individual. Objective was to do the morphometry of 60 dry human hip bones in Kashmiri population in order to evaluate the various parameters of the hip bone.Methods: The study was done on 60 randomly collected Kashmiri adult unpaired hip bones of unknown sex to analyse and evaluate the weight, length, width and the Coxal index of hip bone. All the hip bones selected were dry, complete and showed normal anatomical features. Specimens showing osteoarthritic changes, evidence of any previous trauma or skeletal disorders was excluded from the study.Results: The raw data obtained was statistically analysed. Range, mean, standard deviation and standard error of mean were determined for each parameter. All values were compared with series of other workers to draw the conclusions.Conclusions: From this study, it was concluded that right hip bone has larger parameters and greater strength of skeletal elements. The difference seen between the values of present study and that of other workers could be explained on the basis of ethnic and racial variations.
Reporting of thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology with the use of the Bethesda System (TBS) of 150 cases
Authors: Patel Mandakini M. , Patel Mubim I. , Gamit Bhavna G. , Patel Sharmistha M.
Published: October 2018

Background: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is very simple, rapid, cost effective diagnostic test to evaluate thyroid swelling. The Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology gives guidelines which remains the same while reporting the thyroid FNAC. There are six diagnostic categories of lesions: (I) Non-diagnostic/Unsatisfactory, (II) Benign, (III) Atypical follicular lesion of undetermined significance (AFLUS), (IV) Suspicious for follicular neoplasm (SFN), (V) Suspicious for malignancy (SM), (VI) Malignant.Methods: The study was carried out in Department of Pathology, Government Medical College affiliated with a Government hospital, Gujarat. It includes 150 patients, coming to the outpatient departments with a complaint of thyroid swelling from January 2017 to December 2017. The patients age ranges from 7 years to 75 years (Male-20, Female-130). The procedure was done with the patient in a supine position without a pillow. Patients were instructed not to speak or swallow during the procedure to avoid movement of the gland. The reporting was done with the current Bethesda nomenclature.Results: There were 150 cases of thyroid FNAC, 3 cases (2 %) were non-diagnostic (TBS-I), 133 cases (88.7 %) were benign (TBS-II), 6 cases (4 %) were atypical follicular lesion of undetermined significance (AFLUS) (TBS-III), 5 cases (3.4 %) were suspicious for follicular neoplasm (TBS-IV), 2 cases (1.3 %) were suspicious for malignancy (TBS-V), and 1 case (0.6 %) was malignancy (TBS-VI).Conclusions: The Bethesda system is very useful standardized system for reporting thyroid cytopathology, improving communication between cyto-pathologists and clinicians, inter-laboratory agreement, leading to more consistent management approaches.
Symptomatic, radiological profile of patients with endobronchial aspergilosis: a descriptive study
Authors: Azeez A. M. Abdul , U. G. Deepak
Published: October 2018

Background: Aspergillosis is a common presentation, involving respiratory system and is usually seen as a fungus ball that colonizes and grows into a pre-existing lung cavity, in the majority of cases secondary to pulmonary tuberculosis (PT). An endobronchial aspergilloma (EBA) is a rare disease, and another, but unusual, presentation of aspergillosis, characterized by the growth of Aspergillus species into the bronchial lumen. These two different presentations of aspergillosis can co-exist in the same patient. endobronchial aspergillosis, a variant of invasive aspergillus tracheobronchitis, a rare manifestation, where disease is limited to tracheobronchial tree without invasion of lung parenchyma and in many cases incidentally diagnosed, in a patient who had undergone a bronchoscopy to investigate haemoptysis, or for another reason.Methods: Patients who were attending respiratory OPD with symptoms of cough with expectoration with immune compromised status or previous history of tuberculosis with abnormal chest X-ray were subjected to chest CT scan, with abnormal endobronchial mass in CT scan were further investigated with fibreoptic bronchoscopy and histopathological examination.Results: 16 patients were diagnosed as endobronchial aspergilloma of which 11 patients were having past history of tuberculosis, 9 patients were having type 2 diabetes mellitus on treatment, 2 were having cardiac disease.Conclusions: IATB is a rare manifestation caused by Aspergillus species affecting people with immunocompromised status or previous respiratory pathology like tuberculosis leading to formation of mass like growth obstructing the airway lead to respiratory distress and it should be taken as differential diagnosis in patients with previous respiratory pathology presented with mass like growth in bronchi.
A comparative study between first generation and second generation antipsychotics over the development of metabolic syndrome in persons with first episode drug naive schizophrenia
Authors: N. Pakkiyalakshmi , M. Suriyamoorthi , J. Ravishankar
Published: October 2018

Background: Antipsychotic treatment for schizophrenia is prone for drug side effects. Both typical and atypical antipsychotics are prone for metabolic derangements. The aim of this study was to compare the emergence of metabolic syndrome with haloperidol and risperidone in drug naïve first episode schizophrenics.Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted at the Institute of Mental health, Chennai, India from April 1, 2011 to November 15, 2011. 24 patients received haloperidol and 29 patients received risperidone and followed up for 6 months, after obtaining informed consent. PANSS score, AHA criteria for metabolic syndrome, plasma glucose, waist-hip ratio, body mass index and lipid profile were recorded at every two months interval.Results: PANSS score showed a decrease in both groups, systolic blood pressure showed an increase with Haloperidol and an initial decrease with risperidone while diastolic blood pressure increased with haloperidol. Weight gain, increase in waist circumference and hip circumference, rise in triglyceride levels and fall in HDL cholesterol were equally observed in both groups. Increase in plasma glucose was seen more with risperidone (93.1%). 18.86%  (n = 10) developed metabolic syndrome at the end of 6months with no difference in emergence between both groups.Conclusions: Risperidone may be considered equivalent to haloperidol in efficacy and with minimal changes in metabolic profile. Blood pressure lowering effect of risperidone is more marked in earlier months warranting patient education. Stringent guidelines are needed during antipsychotic treatment to prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular morbidity and mortality.
Dance, sports or academics: which monopolize students emotional quotient
Authors: George Neethu , D. Rock Britto , George Meera , Venkataramani Samanvita , M. Kavya , S. Aswitha Priya M. , Roy Ronald
Published: October 2018

Background: Emotional Intelligence (EI), often measured as an Emotional Intelligence Quotient (EQ), refers to skills that provide the ability to balance emotions and reason, which provides long-term happiness. Focus on Intelligence Quotient (IQ) in the current era has to be changed for the betterment of society. Objectives was to assess and compare Emotional Quotient (EQ) among students who excel in dance, sports, and academics.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among three groups of minimum 30 students who are excellent in dance, academics or sports. EQ was assessed using a 22 item EQ test which measures the psychological dimensions such as emotional sensitivity, emotional maturity and emotional competency and also total EQ.Results: Out of 91 students, maximum students were having extremely high EQ in the domains of emotional sensitivity 36 (39.6%), emotional competency 88 (96.7%) and total EQ 85 (93.4%). Dancers showed significantly high EQ in the domains of emotional maturity, emotional competency, and overall EQ compared to sportspersons and academicians. Increased age, agriculture and business occupation of mother and presence of another sibling were significantly associated with emotional intelligence of students.Conclusions: This study showed that inclusion of extracurricular activities like dance and sports along with academics may improve the self-confidence and increased awareness about one’s own emotions, leading to raised EQ.
A case of reversible upper brachial plexopathy following CRT-P implantation
Authors: Mathew Dolly , Lakshman S. G. Shyam
Published: October 2018

Brachial plexus injury is a challenging field of hand and upper extremity surgery. Presently available microsurgical techniques and functional gains are rewarding in upper plexus injuries. Cardiac electronic devices implantation rate is the required to manage long-term complications. Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) implantation is a commoner procedure done for severe ischaemic and non ischaemic cardiomyopathy. A 65-year-old male patient underwent CRT device implantation via utilizing his left subclavian vein with a classical incision over the delto pectoral groove, with right ventricular lead on the inter ventricular septum and left ventricular lead into the posterolateral branch of coronary sinus with RA threshold, impedance and amplitude (P) of 1V and 690ohm and 7.8mv respectively. CRT with adjacent nerve structure is carefully selected for vein puncture to minimize the risk of Brachial plexus injury, i.e. pacing lead induces nerve injury. Peripheral nerve injuries are sparsely reported due to procedural as well as indwelling trans venous pacing leads and isolated posterior cord involvement is a rarer presentation hence is reported.
Are medical diplomas anteduvilian and asynchronous in 21st century India?
Authors: Trivedi Anshuli , Agrawal Kalyani
Published: October 2018

There is decreasing number of diploma seats in India for postgraduate studies. Despite diploma candidates being at par with MS/MD students. The advantage of diplomas is they create post graduates with clinical and technical know-how within 2years saving time of individuals & funds of country.