bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Elastomeric Pumps in Postoperative Analgesia in Orthopaedics and Factors Affecting their Flow Rate
Authors: Theodorides AA
Published: December 2017

Elastomeric pumps are mechanical devices composed of an elastomeric balloon reservoir into which the drug to be infused is stored, a protective casing (used by some manufacturers), a flow controller and a wound catheter. In orthopaedics they are used to provide continuous local infiltration analgesia. In this way patients rely less on other routes of analgesia and thus avoid their systemic side effects. Studies have shown good response to analgesia with these pumps for the first 24 hours but their benefit is not as clear at 48 and 72 hours. There are numerous factors that affect the flow rate of elastomeric pumps. Some are inherent to all elastomeric pumps such as: the pressure exerted by the elastomeric balloon, catheter size, the vertical height of the pump in relation to the wound, viscosity and partial filling. There are also other factors which vary according to the manufacturer such as: the optimal temperature to obtain the desired flow rate as this directly affects viscosity, the dialysate that the analgesic drug is mixed with (ie normal saline or 5% dextrose), and the storage conditions of the fluid to be infused. It is thus essential to follow the clinical guidelines provided by the manufacturer in order to obtain the desired flow rate.
Preoperative information-giving: An essential element of perioperative practice
Authors: Reid Jane Helen
Published: December 2017

The aim of this article is to review the literature pertaining to the perioperative nursing activity of information-giving. The relationship between anxiety, coping strategies and information giving will be discussed, with further consideration of how informational care is affected by the nurse-patient relationship. Inter-related concepts of information giving will be explored as the article develops.
The efficacy of oral analgesia for postoperative pain
Authors: O'neill Olga
Published: December 2017

The aims of this study were to assess the efficacy of acute pain management for the postoperative patient, identify analgesic requirements and to ascertain the incidences of side effects, if any.

One important observation noted from the study was that there were quite a significant number of patients that were receiving more that one analgesic on a regular basis. The implications of multi-prescription without strict controls could have a profound negative effect on patient health.

Although side effects were noted to be higher in the group of patients that received multiple analgesics, no patient suffered any detrimental or long term effects, and in general patients did appear to be satisfied with their analgesic regime.
Patient care in the operating department (1)
Authors: Taylor Marion , Campbell Claire
Published: December 2017

Judging by the positive feedback I have received about this series it is a timely reminder – or introduction – to the perioperative area. It has been suggested that universities and colleges should be made aware of the existence of this series in order that students may benefit prior to the theatre placement. So why don't you recommend it to your tutors, universities and colleges?

This article will introduce three aspects of patient care, undertaken in the operating department. These are prevention of errors in surgical procedures, patient positioning and pressure area care.

Dina Plowes, series editor
Hanging and asphyxia: Interventions, patient outcomes and resource utilisation in a UK tertiary intensive care unit
Authors: Sutcliffe William JC , Saayman Anton G
Published: December 2017

Introduction

Suicide is increasing in the UK, and hanging is now the commonest mechanism. United Kingdom intensive care unit outcomes (including organ donation) after hanging have not been reported.

Methods

Retrospective analysis of cases admitted to a UK tertiary intensive care unit with a primary or secondary diagnosis of hanging/asphyxia. Case analysis divided between those with and without a history of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and outcomes described using the cerebral performance category score.

Results

A total of 33 cases were reviewed, 19 with a history of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (three survivors with cerebral performance category of 1–2), 14 without history of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (14 survivors, 11 cerebral performance category score of 1, 3 cerebral performance category score of 3). Three cases went on to have a good neurological outcome with a cerebral performance category score of one, and 16 died. The three survivors only had bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation and cardiac arrest was not independently confirmed. All three had a good neurological recovery despite two having hypoxic–ischaemic encephalopathy on computed tomography head. Of the three survivors, one received no temperature management and two received targeted temperature management. Median intensive care unit length of stay after hanging with cardiopulmonary resuscitation was 3.0 days (2.4–6.7 days). Fifteen patients were discussed with the organ donation specialist nurse, with six consenting to donation and six declining consent, with 18 solid organs donated. All 14 of those without a history of cardiopulmonary resuscitation survived, 11 with a cerebral performance category score of 1 and three having a cerebral performance category score of 3. No patients received active temperature management. Median intensive care unit length of stay in this group was 2.9 days (1.2–3.8).

Conclusions

Outcomes after confirmed cardiac arrest following hanging are poor, in keeping with existing international data, even in those surviving to intensive care unit admission. Despite low rates of consent to organ donation, the overall organ donation is high due to high referral rates. Despite the poor prognosis in this population, early initiation of full resuscitation should be offered to optimise survival and facilitate the possibility of donation.
Decision-making in intensive care medicine – A review
Authors: James Fiona R , Power Nicola , Laha Shondipon
Published: December 2017

Decision-making by intensivists around accepting patients to intensive care units is a complex area, with often high-stakes, difficult, emotive decisions being made with limited patient information, high uncertainty about outcomes and extreme pressure to make these decisions quickly. This is exacerbated by a lack of clear guidelines to help guide this difficult decision-making process, with the onus largely relying on clinical experience and judgement. In addition to uncertainty compounding decision-making at the individual clinical level, it is further complicated at the multi-speciality level for the senior doctors and surgeons referring to intensive care units. This is a systematic review of the existing literature about this decision-making process and the factors that help guide these decisions on both sides of the intensive care unit admission dilemma. We found many studies exist assessing the patient factors correlated with intensive care unit admission decisions. Analysing these together suggests that factors consistently found to be correlated with a decision to admit or refuse a patient from intensive care unit are bed availability, severity of illness, initial ward or team referred from, patient choice, do not resuscitate status, age and functional baseline. Less research has been done on the decision-making process itself and the factors that are important to the accepting intensivists; however, similar themes are seen. Even less research exists on referral decision and demonstrates that in addition to the factors correlated with intensive care unit admission decisions, other wider variables are considered by the referring non-intensivists. No studies are available that investigate the decision-making process in referring non-intensivists or the mismatch of processes and pressure between the two sides of the intensive care unit referral dilemma.
Capsular needle biopsy as a pre-operative diagnostic test for peri-prosthetic shoulder infection
Authors: Lapner Peter L. C. , Hynes Kelly , Sheikh Adnan
Published: December 2017

Background

Establishing the diagnosis of peri-prosthetic shoulder infection prior to revision shoulder arthroplasty can be difficult. The objectives of the present study were (i) to describe the technique of fluoroscopic capsular needle biopsy for the diagnosis of peri-prosthetic shoulder infection and (ii) to determine the feasibility and preliminary accuracy of the test in a pilot sample of patients undergoing revision shoulder arthroplasty.

Methods

Eighteen patients, comprising eight females and nine males with a mean age of 61 years (range 37 years to 81 years) underwent capsular needle biopsy during the work-up of suspected chronic arthroplasty-related glenohumeral infection. Intra-operative tissue samples were taken from a minimum of three regions of the joint capsule during revision surgery. Standard serum indices were obtained.

Results

Of 17 patients with possible infection, five had confirmed culture positive infections based on intra-operative biopsies. Of these five patients, four (80%) had positive cultures from fluoroscopic capsular needle biopsy, with matching cultures. There were no complications. No culture-positive patients had elevated serum indices for infection.

Conclusions

The technique for fluoroscopic capsular needle biopsy appears to be feasible and the preliminary results for this technique appear to be promising, with a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 100%. Level of evidence: Level II: diagnostic test
“I Can Share Politics But I Don’t Discuss It”: Everyday Practices of Political Talk on Facebook
Authors: Mascheroni Giovanna , Murru Maria Francesca
Published: December 2017

The article explores how a group of young people in Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom experience and manage informal political talk on Facebook. Based on 60 interviews with 14- to 25-year-olds with diverse interest and participation in politics, it understands political talk as a social achievement dependent on the situational definition, shaped by the perceived imagined audiences, shared expectations, and technological affordances. Results show that young people construct different interactional contexts on Facebook depending on their political experiences, but also on their understanding of the affordances of networked publics as shaped by the social norms of their peer groups. Many youth define Facebook as an unsafe social setting for informal political discussions, thus adhering to a form of “publicness” aimed at neutralizing conflicts. Others, instead, develop different forms of “publicness” based on emergent communicative skills that help them manage the uncertainty of social media as interactional contexts.
An Organizational Structure Game (and BINGO! Is Its Name-O)
Authors: McMahon Joan M.
Published: December 2017

This article describes an in-class, noncomputerized, bingo game to accompany coverage of the topic of organizational structure. The game allows students to be actively involved in learning, solidify recognition and understanding of organizational structure terminology, apply understanding of organizational structure to an analysis of organizational charts to locate people and their titles, utilize critical thinking skills to recognize advantages and disadvantages of a variety of organizational structures, and develop interactive communication skills.
Inscription of the Old City of Ahmedabad in the World Heritage List: Observations on the 41st Session of World Heritage Committee Meeting
Authors: Chapagain Neel Kamal
Published: December 2017

The Old City of Ahmedabad was inscribed in the list of World Heritage Sites (UNESCO) at the 41st session of the World Heritage Committee in Poland in July 8, 2017. Though the ICOMOS evaluation and the draft decision prior to the session had it ‘deferred’, the committee discussed an amended draft decision and unanimously voted to inscribe the property onto the World Heritage List. This is an immediate reflection on the observations of the session proceedings (webcasted live and watched by author). I argue that a non-rigorous process of nomination – pursued through other forms of negotiation avoiding the recommendations of technical evaluation, may raise questions about the relevance of ICOMOS evaluation process and the credentials of the World Heritage Convention.
隋唐人物信仰价值补论——以墓志石刻文字为线索
Authors: 臧克和
Published: December 2017

摘要

碑板中之墓志文字，走向夸饰套路，词肥义瘠，向为金石文史家所诟病。所采取者，唯地理职官制度数项而已。其实，方当盖棺定论之际，一生功名事业取舍，价值倾向攸关。社会崇尚，风气煽被，当时习而相忘，文献忽焉不察者，往往集中流露于此。

隋唐社会，于家世人生，毋论生前阀阅显赫、文治武功，属当盖棺定论之际，所取态度，多为“朝市心违、山林志毕”。如此信仰取舍，文学史上以“魏晋风度”相标榜的魏晋南北朝同类石刻文献,尚未习见惯道;至于隋唐以降五代时期,则尤属罕睹。如此选择方式，从精神渊源看，或以为古代上流社会某类优雅生活态度之孑遗；而就人生程途论，以入世始，以出世终，世出世间法，有当于心行张弛有常、始张终弛之道。此乃天道循环之周期定数，抑亦人生程途之辙迹，契合隋唐之际儒道释中土交融之实际，与从《诗经》时代就盛行的“无竞”核心价值观念，存在一脉相承的线索。

依托“魏晋南北朝隋唐五代石刻历时语料库”，调查大量出土材料，统计某些高频语用现象，尝试分类对照，考察隋唐人生“少壮进用事功，迟暮退归隐逸”之价值信仰模式。
秦始皇刻石新考
Authors: 何 崝
Published: December 2017

摘要

《史记》所记载秦始皇刻石六处七石之外，其他文献尚记载有赣榆秦始皇碑及朐山秦始皇碑，本文考证此二碑实为一碑。此碑已亡佚，而其碑文赖汉代应劭《风俗通》得以保存，惟应氏误以为此碑文为“古之封禅文”，今乃考定此“封禅文”即赣榆秦始皇碑之碑文。故《史记》所载秦始皇七刻石併此碑当为八刻石。

琅邪刻石颂辞之后“维秦王兼有天下”以下 208 字之“附记”，经本文考定，在秦始皇时曾全刻于石上，至二世时乃铲去“杨樛”以下文字刻其诏书于其上。至此，琅邪刻石之形制乃可确知。至于茅山刻石（即句曲刻石），乃文献误记，始皇实无刻璧之事，然埋璧祀神事则有之。至于始皇刻和氏璧为“传国玺”之说，悠谬无据，以作里巷闲谈视之可耳。
彝文造字法研究
Authors: 朱文旭
Published: December 2017

摘要

彝文与汉文、东巴文一样是中国民族文字中为数不多的自创文字之一。彝文与汉文、东巴文在造字法上有其相同之处，也有不同之处。本文主要探讨彝文造字法有关问题。
Caracterização clínica e histopatológica de tumores mamários em cadelas atendidas em Viçosa, MG
Authors: Alves Rafael Oliveira David , Da Silva Vanessa Ferreira , Rodrigues Lucas Aquino , Xavier Daniele Carolina Rodrigues , Da Silva Patrick Leonardo Nogueira , Murta Danillo Velloso Ferreira
Published: December 2017

Introdução: a neoplasia da glândula mamária é o tumor mais comum em cadelas. Devido a sua elevada frequência, torna-se necessário investigar os aspectos anátomo-patológicos dessas neoplasias de modo a promover o aumento da longevidade e melhorias na qualidade de vida destes animais. Objetivo: analisar as características clínicas e histopatológicas de tumores mamários em cadelas atendidas em Viçosa, MG. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo descritivo, exploratório, observacional, com abordagem quantitativa, realizada em um laboratório de histopatologia e histologia com 12 cadelas que apresentam tumor mamário. As amostras analisadas foram coletadas no Hospital Veterinário da cidade de Viçosa, MG. Após a fixação, o material foi avaliado macroscopicamente e, em seguida, submetido ao processamento histológico. As preparações histológicas foram analisadas por microscopia óptica. Resultados: no estudo, verificaram-se 58,3% de neoplasias malignas e 33,3% de neoplasias benignas. A maior parte dos tumores da glândula mamária canina foi de comportamento maligno, e o tipo histológico correspondente mais prevalente foi o carcinoma (91,6%). Conclusão: os tipos histológicos malignos de maior ocorrência nas cadelas correspondem ao carcinoma. O seu diagnóstico e terapêutica precoces são importantes na prevenção do desenvolvimento neoplásico nestas cadelas.
Teachers’ perceptions and attitudes on the inclusive education of students with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD): A literature review
Authors: Kofidou Christina , Mantzikos Constantinos , Chatzitheodorou Georgia , Kyparissos Nicholas , Karali Athina
Published: December 2017

Οι ερευνητές πραγματοποίησαν μια ανασκόπηση της βιβλιογραφίας για τις αντιλήψεις και στάσεις των εκπαιδευτικών για την ένταξη των μαθητών/ριών με Διαταραχές Αυτιστικού Φάσματος (ΔΑΦ). Για να βρουν τις σχετικές με το θέμα έρευνες διεξήγαγαν αναζήτηση στις βάσεις δεδομένων ERIC, PsychLIT, EBSCO, Medline, και PubMed με τις λέξεις-κλειδιά «Εκπαιδευτικοί», «Αντιλήψεις», «Στάσεις», και «Παιδιά με Αυτισμό». Από την αναζήτηση βρέθηκαν 55 ερευνητικά άρθρα, μεταπτυχιακές και διδακτορικές διατριβές σχετικά με το θέμα τους. Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν ότι η πλειοψηφία των εκπαιδευτικών έχει περιορισμένη ή ανεπαρκή γνώση και βασικές παρανοήσεις σχετικά με τις Διαταραχές Αυτιστικού Φάσματος. Επίσης, οι εκπαιδευτικοί είχαν αρνητικές στάσεις απέναντι στην ένταξη των μαθητών/ριών με αυτισμό. Από την άλλη πλευρά, λιγότεροι/ες εκπαιδευτικοί φάνηκε ότι έχουν θετικές στάσεις στην ένταξη αυτών των μαθητών/ριών. Ένα μεγάλο ποσοστό των εκπαιδευτικών φάνηκε να έχει διαφορετικές στάσεις/απόψεις για τον αυτισμό. Επιπλέον, η ανασκόπηση έδειξε ότι μερικοί/ές εκπαιδευτικοί τείνουν να έχουν ουδέτερες στάσεις προς την ένταξη αυτής της ομάδας μαθητών/ριών. Επιπλέον, αρκετοί/ές εκπαιδευτικοί αντιλαμβάνονται τους/τις μαθητές/ριες με αυτισμό διαφορετικά από τους/τις τυπικά αναπτυσσόμενους/ες μαθητές/τριες. Η έρευνα αυτή υποδεικνύει ότι οι εκπαιδευτικοί πρέπει να λάβουν περισσότερη κατάρτιση για τον αυτισμό και τις αποτελεσματικές εκπαιδευτικές πρακτικές για αυτούς/ές τους/τις μαθητές/ριες. Με αυτόν τον τρόπο, οι ίδιοι/ες θα αναπτύξουν θετικές στάσεις προς την εκπαιδευτική ένταξη αυτών των μαθητών/ριών.
Αυγητίδου, Σ., Τζεκάκη, Μ., & Τσάφος, Β. (Επιμ.) (2016). Οι υποψήφιοι εκπαιδευτικοί παρατηρούν, παρεμβαίνουν και αναστοχάζονται. Αθήνα: Gutenberg
Authors: Askouni Nelly
Published: December 2017

Βιβλιοπαρουσίαση
When basal insulin is not enough: successful strategies for insulin intensification in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Buryukova Elena V. , Jabbar Abdul , Elizarova Svetlana V.
Published: December 2017

Maintaining glycemic control through intensive clinical management of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is well recognized to reduce the risk of diabetes-associated complications. Patients in Russia have high rates of microvascular and macrovascular complications as a result of undiagnosed, untreated, or inadequately treated diabetes, emphasizing the need for better clinical management. The introduction of basal insulin therapy is often necessary for patients with T2DM when oral antihyperglycemic drugs and lifestyle management strategies are no longer effective inmaintaining glycemic targets. However, after initiation of insulin, patients often remain on basal insulin for long periods despite suboptimal glycemic control, and intensification of insulin therapy is frequently necessary. Here, we report on several different insulin intensification strategies available to clinicians and their patients to improve glycemic control and the advantages and disadvantages of each approach. These strategies include the use of short- and long-acting insulins administered either as bolus doses or as premixed insulins. When selecting the most appropriate intensification strategy, clinicians should consider the lifestyle and treatment goals of their patients to help ensure treatment success.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: cause or consequence of insulin resistance?
Authors: Mishina Ekaterina E. , Mayorov Alexander Y. , Bogomolov Pavel O. , Matsievich Maria V. , Kokina Ksenia Y. , Bogolyubova Apollinariya V.
Published: December 2017

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are pathological conditions that are co-occurring, and have been reaching epidemic proportions. One of the most significant risk factors for the development of both T2DM and NAFLD is obesity, which increases existing insulin resistance (IR). IR thought to be one of the main pathogenic causes linking T2DM and NAFLD. In recent years, there has been increased interest in obtaining non-invasive methods for assessing fibrosis and determining indications for liver biopsy, such as the NAFLD fibrosis score, extended liver fibrosis panel, and transient elastography. However, liver biopsy remains the gold standard for diagnosing NAFLD. Given that patients with T2DM are at higher risk of NAFLD than the general population, and that the presence of diabetes is a risk factor for the progression of NAFLD, patients with T2DM should be more closely monitored by clinicians. The present review paper is devoted to the search for causeeffect relationships of concurrent diseases such as NAFLD and disorders of carbohydrate metabolism, and priority areas of diagnosis of NAFLD.
Comparison of transformer modeling on riser pole arresters behavior during switching transients
Authors: Abbaszadeh Amir , Abedi Mehrdad , Doustmohammadi Ali
Published: December 2017

Arresters are widely used in power systems to protect other equipment against overvoltages. However, in some conditions, they can’t operate successfully. One of the disturbances leading to the failure of the riser pole arresters is the ferroresonance overvoltages. In this paper, at first the influence of different transformer simulation models of ATP software on the occurrence of ferroresonance is studied and then the effect of ferroresonance on the riser pole arrester has been scrutinized through the thermal and electrical performance of the arrester in an underground distribution system. The results show that the arrester temperature rises due to energy dissipation in a ferroresonance circumstance, which indeed may result into the explosion of the arrester. Also, applying different models of the transformer in the ATP software and comparing the results, it is shown that the available models do not show the same effect on the arrester.
Comparing simulation results of a structure defined mathematical model of aircraft
Authors: Kvasnica Peter
Published: December 2017

This paper is focused on creation, accuracy and simulation of 2-parameter control of a mathematical model for motion of aircraft in a flying simulator. We are discussing many of important advances in applied aircraft modeling. Modelling on various computer architectures (central, parallel, distributed) has an impact on a structure of a simulator system of aircraft. The way of description of a numerical method and its accuracy, a shared memory system and a distributed memory system, is an important part. Necessary accuracy of implemented simulation methods, an analytical approach to definition of mathematical models, and corresponding simulation implementation architecttures are presented in the article.
Die Juden in den Rechtssammlungen Burchards von Worms und Ivos von Chartres
Authors: Lotter Friedrich
Published: December 2017

The essay assesses all the regulations in these collections that relate directly or indirectly to Jews, dividing them into four topic-based groups (protection and toleration; the mission of the Jews; proselytism; reduction of rights and condemnation) each with further subdivisions. This provides a solid foundation for comparing the treatment of Jews advocated by Burchard and Ivo, as well as for comparing their propositions with those of other canon law collections. Since older systematic canonical regulations for Jews apparently did not serve as immediate examples for either Burchard or Ivo, whereas the latter had an influence on Gratian, it can be assumed that Burchard’s collection formed the beginning of a direct line of canon law developments for Jews. If we compare Burchard’s and Ivo’s regulations we notice a clear negative progression in the treatment of Jews between the former and the latter, even though Ivo, in principle, also advocated the protection of Jews. With either it becomes apparent, however, that the great majority of the later canonical regulations for Jews trace back to the distant past. Moreover, the comparison of Ivo’s
A Survey on Identifying and Addressing Business Analysis Problems
Authors: Jarzębowicz Aleksander , Marciniak Piotr
Published: December 2017

Despite the growing body of knowledge on requirements engineering and business analysis, these areas of software project are still considered problematic. The paper focuses on problems reported by business analysts and on applicability of available business analysis techniques as solutions to such problems. A unified set of techniques was developed on the basis of 3 industrial standards associated with IIBA, REQB and IREB certification schemes. A group of 8 business analysts was surveyed to list problems they encounter in their work and to assess their frequency. Selected problems were further analyzed and most suitable techniques were proposed to address them. These proposals were validated through follow-up discussions with business analysts. The main results of research reported in this paper are: the comparative analysis of techniques included in IIBA, REQB and IREB standards and the list of problems reported by practitioners associated with techniques suggested as effective solutions.
Eigen Value Approach to Generalized Thermoelastic Interactions in an Unbounded Body with Circular Cylindrical Cavity without Energy Dissipation
Authors: Chakraborty S.
Published: December 2017

The theory of generalized thermoelasticity in the context of the Green-Naghdi model -II (thermoelasticity without energy dissipation) is studied for an infinite circular cylindrical cavity subjected to two different cases of thermoelastic interactions when the radial stress is zero for (a) maintaining constant temperature and (b) temperature is varying exponentially with time. The Laplace transform from time variable is used to the governing equations to formulate a vector matrix differential equation which is then solved by the eigen value approach. Numerical computations for the displacement component, temperature distribution and components of thermal stress have been made and presented graphically.
A Study of Chemically Reactive Species and Thermal Radiation Effects on an Unsteady MHD Free Convection Flow Through a Porous Medium Past a Flat Plate with Ramped Wall Temperature
Authors: Pandit K. K. , Sarma D. , Singh S. I.
Published: December 2017

An investigation of the effects of a chemical reaction and thermal radiation on unsteady MHD free convection heat and mass transfer flow of an electrically conducting, viscous, incompressible fluid past a vertical infinite flat plate embedded in a porous medium is carried out. The flow is induced by a general time-dependent movement of the vertical plate, and the cases of ramped temperature and isothermal plates are studied. An exact solution of the governing equations is obtained in closed form by the Laplace Transform technique. Some applications of practical interest for different types of plate motions are discussed. The numerical values of fluid velocity, temperature and species concentration are displayed graphically whereas the numerical values of skin friction, Nusselt number and Sherwood number are presented in a tabular form for various values of pertinent flow parameters for both ramped temperature and isothermal plates.
Basic Flows of Generalized Second Grade Fluids Based on a Sisko Model
Authors: Walicka A.
Published: December 2017

The present investigation is concerned with basic flows of generalized second grade fluids based on a Sisko fluid. After formulation of the general equations of motion three simple flows of viscoplastic fluids of a Sisko type or fluids similar to them are considered. These flows are: Poiseuille flow in a plane channel, Poiseuille flow in a circular pipe and rotating Couette flow between two coaxial cylinders. After presentation the Sisko model one was presented some models of fluids similar to this model. Next it was given the solutions of equations of motion for three flows mentioned above.
Sworn translators in the legal context: A field of confluence between translation and interpreting
Authors: Luque Francisca García
Published: December 2017

As one of the most touristic areas in Spain, the Costa del Sol has a considerable percentage of foreign residents, both temporary and permanent. This leads to a demand for translation and interpretation services, especially with respects to tourism. Permanent residents of Malaga often require linguistic or cultural mediation. Depending on the nature of the situation, these services may be provided by either translators or interpreters or, in some instances, such as medical appointments and other daily activities, a non-professional translation or interpretation is often the adopted solution. However, in the legal field circumstances are different due to the fact that some written documents require a specific type of translation for administrative procedures. In this case, a professional figure known as the ‘sworn translator’ (traductor-intérprete jurado) necessarily comes into play. The official name of this professional has recently been changed (2009) from intérprete jurado (literally “sworn interpreter”) to traductor-intérprete jurado (literally “sworn translator and interpreter”). Before this legal modification solely the interpreting activity was mentioned while, paradoxically, the tasks performed were mainly related to translation, especially in the legal field. Although academia seems to separate translation and interpreting into two different professions, this paper aims to explore the figure of the sworn translator and interpreter, in line with the new name established in the legal decree, as a field of confluence between these two activities which, as we will see, are not always mutually exclusive.
Feasibility of Preparing Nesting Box and Luring Large Solitary Carpenter Bee, Xylocopa Valga
Authors: Schulz Michał , Ścibior Radosław , Badurowicz Kamil , Łoś Aleksandra , Bajda Milena , Tyszczuk Justyna , Skowronek Patrycja , Piotrowski Bartłomiej , Strachecka Aneta J.
Published: December 2017

Xylocopa valga, commonly called the carpenter bee and the largest bee with metallicviolet hair cover, is extremely rarely observed in Poland. We hypothesize that a stable and possibly long-term population of X. valga can be maintained in Poland through the creation of suitable nesting conditions. X. valga has been observed since the spring of 2014 in Wisznice (south-eastern Poland). A nesting box made out of 25 wooden blocks with drilled holes was hung about 2.5 meters above the ground. X. valga were interested in the blocks made of willow wood but did not nest in the beech, alder and pine. The carpenter bees chose holes made with drill bits of 10, 15, 20 mm in diameter and a length of 10, 15 and 20 cm. X. valga flying in the same direction most often visited the flora taxa: Aquilegia vulgaris, Ballota nigra, Consolida ajacis, Delphinium consolida, Deutzia scabra, Catalpa spp., Wisteria spp., Robinia ambigua, Stachys spp. and Trifolium pretense. X. valga is a solitary bee, but unlike most other solitary bees it demonstrates aspects of social behavior. It was observed to display cohabitative behavior involving the use of a single hole by more than one female. The females showed aggressive defensive behavior and if approached too closely started buzzing loudly. The information obtained during the long-term observation shows that X. valga can be maintained in partly artificial conditions to increase and stabilize the bee population.
The Effects of Starvation of Honey Bee Larvae on Reproductive Quality and Wing Asymmetry of Honey Bee Drones
Authors: Szentgyörgyi Hajnalka , Czekońska Krystyna , Tofilski Adam
Published: December 2017

Starvation during larval development has a negative effect on adult worker honey bees (Apis mellifera L.), but much less is known about the quality of drones starved during their development. We verified how starvation on the second day (early starvation) or the sixth day (late starvation) of larval development affects body mass, ejaculated semen volume and forewing size, shape, size asymmetry and shape asymmetry in drones after emergence. The larvae were starved for ten hours by being separated from nursing bees with a wire mash for 10 hours either early or late during larval development. Drones starved both early and late were smaller (254.1 ± 1.97 mg and 239.4 ± 2.12 mg, respectively) than the control regularly fed individuals (260.9 ± 2.01 mg), and their wing size changed as well (control: 889.76 ± 1.06; early: 880.9 ± 1.17; late: 868.05 ± 1.48). Starvation at a later phase of larval development caused more pronounced effects than at an earlier phase. On the other hand, ejaculated semen volume (control: 0.7 ± 0.043 μl; early: 0.88 ± 0.040 μl; late: 1.08 ± 0.031 μl), wing size asymmetry (control: 0.49 ± 0.025; early: 0.51 ± 0.026; late: 0.52 ± 0.03) and wing shape asymmetry (control: 17.4 ± 0.47 x 10-3; early: 16.9 ± 0.41 x 10-3; late: 17.6 ± 0.43 x 10-3) were not affected by starvation. This suggests that drones attempt to preserve characters which are important for their future reproduction.
Media Choice Proliferation and Shifting Orientations Towards News in the United States and Norway, 1995–2012
Authors: Elvestad Eiri , Shaker Lee
Published: December 2017

Around the world, rapid media choice proliferation is empowering audiences and allowing individuals to more precisely tailor personal media use. From a democratic perspective, the relationship between the changing media environment and news use is of particular interest. This article presents a comparative exploration of citizens’ changing orientations towards local, national and international news in two very different countries, Norway and the United States, between 1995 and 2012. Prior research suggests that more media choice correlates with a decrease in news consumption. Our analysis shows a pattern of increasing specialization in news orientation in both countries. We also find that the strongest Norwegian trend is one of specialization while the strongest trend in the United States is one of disconnection. Altogether, the results illustrate how local conditions shape the effects of global technological developments.
The Use of the Kano Model to Enhance Customer Satisfaction
Authors: Južnik Rotar Laura , Kozar Mitja
Published: December 2017

Background/purpose: The interest of measuring customer satisfaction is reflected in its ability to gain customer loyalty, enhance favourable word of mouth, lead to repeat purchases and improve a company’s market share and profitability. The issue of integrating the Kano model of customer satisfaction with other models and tools to support development or improvement of a product, or to determine market strategies, is relatively unexplored in the Slovenian sector. This research aims to construct the Kano model in order to enhance customer satisfaction in the case of home appliances.

Design/Methodology/Approach: Data was collected using an online survey amongst randomly selected individuals from the service interventions for an end users database. Principal component factor analysis was first used to identify the underlying factors of home appliance characteristics. In the next phase we calculated the derived and stated importance of customer satisfaction, which was then used to construct the Kano model of customer satisfaction. We further analysed which factors are the strongest drivers, or predictors, of repeat purchase using multiple regression analysis.

Results: In the study we identified the underlying home appliance factors. The results show that these factors are: sales environment, price, user features, design features and technical features. The results were then used to construct the Kano model where the analysis goes beyond the qualitative analysis by implementing two approaches, stated and derived importance approach. According to the Kano model, marketers should concentrate on delight characteristics such as: wider knowledge of the salesperson, professional skills of the salesperson, design of home appliance, brand of home appliance. What is more, factors called ‘user features’ are the strongest predictors of repeat purchase.

Conclusion: This paper links the Kano model with measuring customer satisfaction and presents a contribution for marketing research theory. Therefore, the results could be used to support optimization of business decision-making, as well as for further scientific research.
Effect of Swirling Secondary Flow on the Under-expanded Non-circular Supersonic Jets
Authors: Gopinath S. , Sundararaj M. , Elangovan S. , Sridhar B.T.N
Published: December 2017

Effects of swirling secondary flow on the decay characteristics of non-circular under-expanded supersonic primary jets were experimentally studied. Primary jet is issuing from a convergent-divergent nozzle with different exit geometry such as circle, cruciform, triangle and rectangle. In this study, two different methods were used to impart swirl on the secondary flow as follows, (i) introduction of- angular vanes inside the secondary flow duct and (ii) using tangential inlets at the secondary flow duct. This swirling secondary flow influences the boundary condition of the primary jet and results in reduction of jet core length and shock train length, it also enhances the jet decay rate. Maximum shock train length reduction of 70 % is achieved when swirling secondary flow (tangential injection method) is introduced over the circular primary jet.
Quantum Symmetric Cooperative Game with a Harmonious Coalition
Authors: Elgazzar A.S. , Elrayes H.A.
Published: December 2017

The concept of forming harmonious coalitions is introduced to both classical and quantum symmetric cooperative games. In both the cases, players are motivated to form coalitions. Also, the main feature of the cooperative game is conserved.
A Strategy for Inspection of Cracks in a Thick Structure Using an ECT Probe
Authors: Wu M. , Zhang D. , Chen Z. , Li Y.
Published: December 2017

A strategy for enhancing the inspection precision of cracks in a thick structure is proposed. The key problem of inspection of cracks in a thick structure is the penetration depth of eddy currents. Using lower frequency to drive the probe can overcome it, but too low frequency will cause too small signal to noise ratio and inspection sensitivity. To solve these problems, effects of frequency, inspection mode, and probe type on eddy current testing signals were studied. At last, an effective strategy for inspection of cracks in a thick structure was proposed.
Introducción del tema huella hídrica en la enseñanza de ciencias: Percepciones y perspectivas de los cambios desde el aula
Authors: Ferreira da Luz Culpi Vera Lúcia , Pereira Alves João Amadeus
Published: December 2017

La inclusión de discusiones asociadas al consumo de agua en las clases de Ciencias marca la necesidad de contextualización y ampliación de este tema, direccionándolo a abordajes más actualizados, frente a la actual crisis hídrica de Brasil y de varios otros países, de manera que se promuevan discusiones más profundas en el contexto educacional, con ejemplo de enfoques que tomen en cuenta la huella hídrica. El presente artículo se refiere a una investigación cuyo problema central reside en la siguiente cuestión: ¿Cómo la utilización de estrategias didáctico-metodológicas basadas en elementos provenientes de la huella hídrica contribuye a la comprensión de asuntos relacionados con la utilización/destino y preservación del agua por parte de los estudiantes, considerando que la crisis actual compromete este recurso natural? La investigación a nivel de maestría es de naturaleza cualitativa, desarrollada con 35 estudiantes del sexto año de la Ense- ñanza Fundamental en una escuela de Curitiba, estado de Paraná, Brasil. El recorte metodológico es del tipo participante, con la utilización de múltiples recursos para la elaboración de datos. Para estructurar la construcción de tales estrategias se realizó, antes del trabajo en la clase, un estudio de levantamiento sobre cuestiones relativas al agua, especialmente sobre la percepción de los estudiantes ante los niveles de consumo en diferentes contextos (agricultura, industria y por las poblaciones). Eso permitió el diseño de un cuestionario investigativo sobre la forma como los alumnos ven, relacionan y comprenden aspectos relativos a los recursos hídricos. A esto se unió la opción de instrumentos que facilitan la obtención de datos, como: diario de campo, manuscritos de participantes de investigación y grabaciones en audio, cuando se consideraron necesarias en el proceso. En este contexto, el análisis de contenido, propuesto por Laurence Bardin, fue el más apropiado para la apreciación de datos, ya que tal método se refiere a un preanálisis, seguido de exploración del material para el trato de los datos y, por último, su interpretación. Los resultados de la investigación revelan que los estudiantes participantes se han mostrado reflexivos y abiertos a discusiones sobre el contenido tratado, de modo que el uso de reportajes sobre asuntos de carácter socioambiental, publicados en periódicos y revistas, aliado al consumo doméstico pueden configurarse en una importante herramienta para el debate de temas sociocientíficos como en el caso de la actual crisis de los recursos hídricos en Brasil.
La visión de los Profesores de Ciencias Naturales acerca de la educación ambiental y su relación con el currículo oficial del Estado de São Paulo, Brasil: Algunas Contradicciones
Authors: De Souza Daniele Cristina
Published: December 2017

Esta investigación se interesa por la comprensión de la realidad educativa actual, y proponeelementos teóricos que pueden contribuir para el desarrollo de la educación ambiental (ea) críticaen colegios y escuelas públicas. Las preguntas orientadoras de este estudio fueron ¿Cuál es elpapel que los profesores atribuyen a la ea en relación con el contenido del currículo oficial? ¿Lavisión de los profesores se relaciona con las políticas educativas existentes? Así, el objetivo de estainvestigación fue analizar la visión que los profesores de ciencias naturales tienen acerca de la ea,también la relación entre la ea y los contenidos disciplinares, así como identificar si esta visióntiene que ver con la política educacional actual. Los datos se obtuvieron a partir de un cuestionariocon dos preguntas abiertas. A partir de las respuestas obtenidas de los once profesores participantes,se realizó el análisis de contenido temático. El referente teórico utilizado es el materialismohistórico-dialéctico y la ea crítica. Los resultados indican que, en general, los profesores reconocenla importancia de la ea en la escuela. En relación con su carácter político en la formación de losestudiantes, los profesores privilegian el papel de esta en cuanto compromiso, participación y tomade decisiones frente a los problemas ambientales. Sin embargo, se identificaron contradiccionesen la comprensión del papel de la ea y el contenido curricular, así como en la forma de hacerloviable, ya que si bien el papel se acerca a una concepción de educación crítica, los contenidos selimitan a una visión de la cuestión del medio ambiente que es genérico y sin contexto histórico. Laexpresión de la relación entre ea y la disciplina que enseña cada profesor explicita influencias dela política educacional del Estado. Se concluyó que no es suficiente que la ea esté presente o sehaga posible debido a las políticas o que los profesores tengan un discurso y prácticas coherentescon las políticas, pues la formación y el trabajo del profesor en ea están relacionados con un plansocial más amplio, lleno de enfrentamientos políticos y cuestiones ideológicas, lo que se expresaen gran medida en el actual contexto de crisis de la civilización. Por lo tanto, en consonanciacon la perspectiva de ea crítica defendido en esta investigación, es necesaria la superación delas contradicciones existentes entre las políticas y prácticas con el fin de permitir una educacióncrítica y emancipadora.
Diseño de un programa en Python para la enseñanza de la transferencia de órbita de Hohmann
Authors: Méndez Hincapié Néstor Fernando , Monroy Cañón Ignacio Alberto
Published: December 2017

En este estudio se presenta una simulación realizada en python como herramientadidáctica para la enseñanza de la mecánica celeste. El programa que hace lasimulación se diseñó para que los estudiantes de cursos introductorios de astronomíavisualicen las posibles trayectorias y comprendan las características principalesde transferencias orbitales usando como ejemplo el viaje de una nave espacialde la Tierra a Marte y a Júpiter. Se encuentra que el programa también puedeutilizarse para determinar las características principales de las órbitas planetariasy relacionar los parámetros de las elipses con la energía y el momentum angularde los planetas, y en general con las leyes de Kepler.
Acercamiento a las escuelas campesinas: entre voces de maestros
Authors: Loaiza Mariel
Published: December 2017

Este artículo presenta la investigación realizada con el propósito de explorar la escuela campesina a través de las voces de sus maestras y maestros, para optar por el título de licenciadas en Educación Infantil de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional. Con este fin realizamos viajes a los departamentos de Cundinamarca, Santander, Valle del Cauca y Caquetá, al encuentro con los maestros en sus propios territorios y se registraron las conversaciones, utilizando como opción metodológica la construcción de Historias de vida y las Narrativas sobre las escuelas y sus propias prácticas.
LOS TRABAJOS PRÁCTICOS DE LABORATORIO EN LA ENSEÑANZA DE LAS CIENCIAS: TENDENCIAS EN REVISTAS ESPECIALIZADAS (2012-2016)
Authors: Franco Moreno Ricardo Andrés , Velasco Vásquez María Alejandra , Riveros Toro Carlos Mario
Published: December 2017

En este artículo se presentan los resultados de una investigación documental orientada a caracterizar la línea de investigación de los denominados trabajos prácticos de laboratorio (TPL). Esta ha venido configurándose como un área especial de la didáctica de las ciencias experimentales, que apoya la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de las ciencias como un proceso dinámico en el que los estudiantes construyen y reconstruyen su propio conocimiento basados en la formulación, comprensión e interpretación de experiencias de laboratorio. Este análisis se enfocó en la información aceptada y avalada por las comunidadescientíficas, vinculando aspectos cienciométricos, como las publicaciones en revistas especializadas en didáctica de las ciencias.El estudio se estructuró a partir del rastreo y la selección de las siguientes revistas indexadas en reconocidas bases de datos: Revista Eureka sobre Enseñanza y Divulgación de las Ciencias, Alambique, Ciência & Educação, Enseñanza de las Ciencias, Revista Electrónica de Enseñanza de las Ciencias (del ámbito iberoamericano) y la revista nacional, Tecné, Episteme y Didaxis (TED). La selección de los artículos para el estudio se realizó partir de una revisión de catálogos en orden cronológico ascendente desde el 2012 hasta el 2016 en las revistas mencionadas. Los análisis se centraron tanto en las principales disciplinas de abordaje de los TPL, a saber: química, física, biología y ciencias naturales en general, como en tres tendencias centrales de las contribuciones: TPL como experiencias, implicaciones didácticas de los TPL y los TPL como aproximación a la investigación.Se concluye que la línea de investigación de los TPL ha venido configurándose como un área de alta proyección en la investigación didáctica, siendo un campo fundamental de apoyo para la enseñanza de las ciencias naturales, lo cual se evidencia en un 3,7 % de los artículos analizados durante los últimos cinco años dentro de la comunidad académica especializada en didáctica de las ciencias experimentales. De igual manera, este estudio permitió realizar una clasificación admisible de las tendencias del trabajo en los TPL, en la que predominan las experiencias de aula, seguida del análisis de sus implicaciones didácticas y de la aproximación a la investigación. En lo tocante a las disciplinas en las que se enfocan los TPL, el orden descendente encontrado es química, biología, física y ciencias naturales en general.