bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Behaviours And Attitudes About Body Image And Eating Disorders Among Adolescent Females In Kragujevac
Authors: Jovanovic Maja
Published: January 2016

Eating disorders are often in older teens and young women with prevalence 4-5% with increasing tendency. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of eating disorders among adolescents in the city of Kragujevac, and to examine the relationship between the age and the type of eating disorder that can occur in adolescents.

This descriptive, cross sectional study involved 220 participants (16-25 years old, 105 high school students and 115 students of the Faculty of Medical Sciences in Kragujevac, Serbia). Eating Attitudes Test EAT-26 questionnaire was used as a screening instrument, which consists of three subscales related to eating disorders (dieting, bulimia, oral control diet). The frequency of disturbed attitudes and eating habits among the investigated population was 26,8% (EAT-26 score ≥20). The high school students had a significantly higher score values (30,4% of girls achieved values EAT-26 score ≥20) than the medical students. Among the respondents, 17,6% were malnourished, 72,7% normal weight, 9,3% of the overweight and 0,5% obese. Eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS) was 13,7%, subclinical bulimia 4,4% and subclinical anorexia 8,8%. There was statistically significant difference (p=0,024) in the expression of behavioral disorders between students of high school and faculty education.

Our results suggest that malnutrition and anorexic syndrome are more frequently in population of medical students, but on the other hand, obesity and subclinical bulimic syndrome have a higher prevalence in high school student`s population, which can be explained by inappropriate education for adolescents.
Mini External Fixator Assisted Metacarpal Lengthening With The Distraction Method
Authors: Kilinc Bekir Eray , Kara Adnan , Ertürer Ramazan Erden , Oc Yunus
Published: January 2016

Phalangeal brachydactyly, which is caused by the abnormal development of the metacarpal, is characterized by shortness that can be seen in a single finger or in all fingers of the hands. Although brachydactyly is usually thought of as congenital, it can occur due to metabolic disorders or trauma. A twelve-year-old girl was admitted to our clinic with complaints of shortness in the fourth finger of the left hand. Osteotomy was applied with the drilling-osteotomy technique. The screws holding the upper and lower segments were adapted to the external fixator. Lengthening began one week after the osteotomy. The lengthening rate was organized as 0.25×2 mm/day. The amount of elongation was planned not to exceed 40% of the original bone length. Distraction was terminated after the planned elongation amount was reached, and the bone was allowed to heal. In patients under twenty years of age, the results from progressive distraction without bone grafting are close to perfect. Although the technique of successfully lengthening metacarpal fractures in children is simple, strict rules should not be ignored. Primarily, the external fixator and the distraction system should be sufficiently stable, lightweight, and should be appropriate for the size of a child’s hand.
Analysis Of Clinical, Haematological And Biochemical Parameters In Patients With Infectious Mononucleosis
Authors: Canović Petar , Vranic Aleksandra , Petrovic Sara , Rakovic Ivana , Jovicic Biljana Popovska , Hamzagic Nedim
Published: January 2016

Primary infection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) usually occurs in early childhood and often does not present clinical symptoms. More than 90% of adults are infected with this virus. A primary infection that occurs in adolescence or adulthood is usually clinically presented as infectious mononucleosis with a triad of symptoms: fever, lymphadenopathy and pharyngitis. Our retrospective study included 51 patients with a median age of 17 (9-23) years and serologically confirmed infectious mononucleosis. All patients with infectious mononucleosis were treated at the Clinic for Infectious Diseases at the Clinical Center in Kragujevac during 2013. We analysed the clinical, haematological and laboratory parameters of patients. The aspartate-aminotransferase levels were increased in 40 patients, with a mean value of 116.24 (±93.22); the alanine-aminotransferase levels were increased in 44 patients, with a mean value of 189.24 (±196.69). Lymphadenopathy was the most common clinical feature upon admission in 49 patients (96%); 38 patients (74.5%) had splenomegaly, and 20 (39%) had hepatomegaly. Twenty-six patients (51%) had leukocytosis with lymphocytosis, while 15 (75%) of the 20 who had a normal leukocyte count also had lymphocytosis. In the present study, we updated the clinical, haematological and laboratory parameters, which may lead to the establishment of an accurate diagnosis and promote further treatment of the patients.
Endometrial Intraepithelial Neoplasia (EIN) In An Endometrial Polyp
Authors: Devic Ana , Vasiljevic Mladenko , Devic Aleksandar
Published: January 2016

Endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN) is a monoclonal neoplastic cell proliferation of the endometrium associated with a significantly increased risk of endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma. We herein present the case of a 58-year-old female patient who underwent a hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy because of the existence of endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia in an endometrial polyp. The patient had irregular uterine bleeding, which lasted 10 days. An endometrial polyp was diagnosed by ultrasound examination. The polyp was located in the isthmus of the uterus, on the back wall, and measured 32 mm × 25 mm. The patient underwent fractional dilation and curettage, and the specimens were subjected to a histopathological examination. The histopathological findings were EIN, endometrioid type, a focus of which was found within the endometrial polyps, as well as the endometrial polyp and proliferative endometrium. The endocervical tissue was normal. Given the age of the patient and the histopathological findings, she underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. The final histopathological findings were EIN, endometrioid type with a focus found within the endometrial polyp; endometrial polyp; simple hyperplasia; chronic inflammation of the uterine cervix; hyperkeratosis of the cervical squamous epithelium; and cervicitis chronica. There was also hydrosalpinx of the left fallopian tube, and cystic follicles in the left ovary. There was no significant morphological change in the right ovary or fallopian tube. The surgical and postoperative course were normal. The patient was sent home on the fifth postoperative day in good general condition. A check-up performed one month after surgery showed normal findings.
Die Transformation polnischer Industriefirmen
Authors: Buchhofer Ekkehard
Published: January 2016

Spatial tendencies of the transition progress of Polish industrial firms in the years after 1994. The investigation is based on standardized data ascertained from almost all Polish industrial firms with at least 50 employees. All firm data being evaluated in our study refer to the years of 1994 and 1998. The study refers to some spatial tendencies (diffusion trends) of the transition progress, considering privatization, FDI-activities and export activities during that time. As a main general result we can see that highest dynamics with reference to these items are observed since 1994 in the relatively well-developed regions being located adjacent to metropolises and the western frontier with Germany.
Wissensökonomie, organisatorischer Wandel und wissensbasierte Regionalentwicklung
Authors: Strambach Simone
Published: January 2016

Knowledge economy, organisational change and knowledge-based regional development - challenges for economic geography. The paper views the emerging knowledge based economy as an important future research topic for economic geography. Significant changes in the innovation process are characteristics of the increasing global integration of economic activities. The emerging knowledge economy is reflected in the shift from scientifically and technologically based innovation processes to new forms of knowledge creation, which are dominated to a lesser degree by technology. The growing importance of service and organizational innovations in innovation systems of advanced economies is combined with wider diversity of knowledge requirements, which include not only technological know-how but also the integration of economic, organizational, and sociocultural knowledge and competences. The aim of the paper is to indicate the complexity of these processes of change and to show that understanding the territorial dimension of the emerging knowledge economy involves major theoretical, empirical and methodological challenges for economic geography.
Mobiler Immobilienmarkt? Finanzmarkt und Immobilienökonomie
Authors: Heeg Susanne
Published: January 2016

Mobilization of the real estate market? Financial market and real estate economy. Since the late 1980s the real estate industry in Germany is transforming from a locally embedded industry towards an internationally oriented one. In this article it is asked how this fundamental change was possible and how the internationalisation is taking place and is coordinated. A starting point of the internationalisation is the deregulation of the national financial system which resulted in a mobilisation and professionalisation of real estate agents. After describing the changes in the politicoinstitutional embedding of the real estate market, the restructuring of networks and its effects upon spatio-economic patterns is analysed. By dividing the real estate market in an user, land, developer and investment market it is possible to show different degrees of internationalisation in the markets and the interdependency of the different market agents upon each other. It is claimed that the financial deregulation is a central motor in transforming the spatial orientation of the agents.
Die Fachhochschulen Bonn-Rhein-Sieg und RheinAhrCampus als Instrumente im regionalen Strukturwandel
Authors: Beyer Rolf , Böttcher Michael , Waldhausen-Apfelbaum Jeannette
Published: January 2016

The universities for applied sciences Bonn-Rhein-Sieg and RheinAhrCampus as instruments of regional structural change. The Bonn region had to undergo a serious structural change because of the loss of its function as the capital of Germany. In this empirical study the role of the two newly founded universities for applied sciences Bonn-Rhein-Sieg and RheinAhrCampus in the process of regional structural change is examined. What was and still is their contribution to innovative regional development? The special focus of this study is on the number of students and graduates, the transfer of knowledge and technology and the spin-offs and start-ups.
Sydney und Singapur - divergierende Entwicklungs- und Steuerungsstrategien im urbanen Konkurrenzgefüge
Authors: Braun Boris , Kraas Frauke , Schüttemeyer Anke
Published: January 2016

Sidney and Singapur - diverging governance strategies in urban competition. Singapore and Sydney are two emerging global cities in the Asian-Pacific region. The output of growing numbers of regional headquarters. modern architecture, high standard inner city residential areas and a rising proportion of high qualified professionals is mostly similar. Yet, the ways to reach global city status show differences. In Sydney private developers or investors play a major role in urban governance. In Singapore state control is much stronger in fields of urban planning. However, the visions and visible outcomes are comparable.
Kooperations- und Innovationsverhalten von chinesischen Hochtechnologieunternehmen
Authors: Hennemann Stefan , Liefner Ingo
Published: January 2016

Cooperation and innovation behavior of Chinese high-tech-companies. Empirical results from Beijing and Shanghai. In the process of technological upgrading and innovation, high-techcompanies in China - as well as in other developing countries - make use of knowledge created in foreign companies or in universities and public research organizations. Beijing and Shanghai represent China’s most innovative regions. This article is based on a quantitative survey among high-tech-companies in both regions that captures the firms’ cooperation patterns. The findings presented here confirm that Chinese high-tech-companies are linked to both sources of knowledge. Cooperation with foreign companies helps to get new ideas and to enter the market with new products whereas cooperation with universities is mainly done to design new products. Thus, the patterns of cooperation show that China’s high-tech firms can absorb new knowledge from different sources. The relative importance of external knowledge sources, however, differs between both regions and reflects regional development paths
Kleine Inselstaaten im umkämpften internationalen Tourismusmarkt
Authors: Hörstmeier Oliver
Published: January 2016

Small island states in the competitive international tourism market - the case of the Seychelles. Small island states are fragile and vulnerable due to a number of aspects like e.g. a lack in mineral resources and high transportation cost. Island economies are often highly dependent on tourism as a source of income. In this article the Seychelles´ natural assets and their tourism development are portrayed. Against the background of a strong worldwide competition it is discussed whether the Seychelles high-value conservation tourism is competitive. Furthermore, measures improving the market situation of the country are depicted. Additionally, strategies for all island states are described, which they can implement in order to compete with other destinations.
Und täglich grüßt die Subvention
Authors: Lageman Bernhard , Neumann Uwe , Schmidt Christoph M.
Published: January 2016

How is a successful revitalization of the Ruhr area possible? Recent proposals to implement a special economic zone in the Ruhr area outline both the potential and the limits faced by structural policy in facilitating the economic revitalization of this region. While its structural adjustment has seen considerable progress during the last decades, its economic prosperity has continuously fallen behind other German regions. Therefore we advocate a policy approach that relies more on competition and private initiative in facilitating structural change than in the past.
Vernetzungsunternehmen der Weltwirtschaft
Authors: Neiberger Cordula
Published: January 2016

Network enterprises of the global economy? The role of proximity for the internationalisation of air freight forwarders. Customer requirements, new technologies and the deregulation and liberalisation measures of the last 15 years have had a significant influence on increasing globalization of the air freight forwarding industry. On the basis of empirical studies of the airports Frankfurt am Main/Germany and Amsterdam/The Netherlands, the study examines the impact of embeddedness of foreign companies in regional networks. It will be shown, that most of the companies do not need to be embedded in foreign networks, because of the global extension of the costumers and a high degree of organizational standardization. In fact the example of international cooperation among medium sized airfreight forwarders of different countries rather shows that global networks can be linked successfully, independent from the regional level.
Global shifts caused by the rise of anchor countries
Authors: Altenburg Tilman , Leininger Julia
Published: January 2016

Recently a group of large developing countries started to emerge as important drivers of regional, and in some cases even global, change. “Anchor countries” are the largest economies of their respective home regions. Their rise implies a power shift in different spheres of economy and politics and brings about new patterns in the organization of global space. We analyse this shift with regard to the global economic order and to global security policy. Furthermore, we explore how the enhanced economic and military relevance of anchor countries is reflected in global governance institutions.
Clusterförderung auf dem Prüfstand
Authors: Fromhold-Eisebith Martina , Eisebith Günter
Published: January 2016

Cluster promotion on the test bed. A critical analysis. Efforts to encourage the development of industrial clusters have proliferated all over the world, despite of growing criticism especially by academic scholars with regard to inconsistencies of the cluster concept that affect its practical applicability. This article further substantiates the critical view by pointing out in systematic ways how all elements of the entire “value chain of cluster promotion”, which comprises five components from conceptual foundations to proactive clustering support, provide targets that impair prospects of substantial effectiveness. In addition to reviewing the scientific debate that has mainly focused on conceptual weaknesses, we present findings of our own empirical work on two selected automotive cluster initatives (in Austria and Germany) that reveal that net effects induced by cluster promotion are rather small. Conclusions relate to implications for regional economic promotion.
Zufälle und Agglomerationseffekte bei der Clusterentstehung
Authors: Menzel Max-Peter
Published: January 2016

Chance and economies of agglomeration during cluster emergence. Concepts like the window of locational opportunity, the core-periphery-model and stochastic approaches consider the emergence of regional clusters as a process of firm formation by chance and subsequent economies of agglomeration. This paper compares the different notions of chance and economies of agglomeration used by these concepts in view of the emergence of clusters. It argues that an ex ante perspective should be applied to analyse the emergence of firm formations and economies of agglomerations. The paper concludes with statements regarding firm formation and economies of agglomeration during cluster emergence.
Mind the Gap: Regionale Clusterpolitik im Spannungsfeld von Wissenschaft, Politik und Praxis aus der Perspektive der Neuen Politischen Ökonomie
Authors: Kiese Matthias
Published: January 2016

Mind the Gap: Regional cluster policies between science, politics and practice from a public choice perspective. Since the 1990s, the cluster concept’s ongoing popularity with politicians and economic development practitioners has largely bypassed scientific research which is still struggling to come to grips with theory and empirics of clusters. Based on an interview survey of ten case studies of regional cluster policies at the state and sub-state level in Western Germany, this paper investigates the contribution of scientific cluster research to the current practice of cluster promotion. It is found that following political and bureaucratic rationalities, conceptualisation and implementation of cluster policies largely ignore theoretical insights and make only incomplete use of scientific methods available for proper cluster identification. This has important implications for both practice and research, and highlights that economic geographers should overcome their reluctance to engage with policy and employ their core competencies to make their voices heard in the arena of policy and practice.
The technology park Berlin-Adlershof as an example of spatial proximity in regional economic policy
Authors: Kulke Elmar
Published: January 2016

Since the 1990s spatial economic policy increasingly tries to encourage the development of innovative firms especially in selected locations like technology parks. Spatial proximity in these locations should lead to the development of competitive clusters. The technology park Berlin-Adlershof is one example for this new approach of spatial economic policy; today it is - according to the number of employees - one of the largest technology parks in Europe. This paper discusses to what extent spatial economic policy has contributed to the development of an interlinked cluster. First elements of spatial economic policy will be evaluated according to the network and cluster approaches. Then general considerations of cluster development will be confronted with the development path of Berlin-Adlershof. Finally the extent of network formation will be discussed. The economic dynamic in Berlin-Adlershof shows that a proximity-oriented approach of spatial economic policy has been successful. Spatial proximity has encouraged the development of networks between the units, but up to now networks between science and business are not very strong
Globalisierung, Monetarisierung und Nachhaltigkeit
Authors: Hennings Werner
Published: January 2016

Globalization, monetarization and sustainability. Observations on actual trends in economy, society and environment of Samoa. Samoa so far has had an intact subsistence-production based on an economy and society in balance with the ecological system. Theoretically founded on the grounds of the entropy-law and methodologically implemented by a set of tested sustainabilityindicators this paper maintains the thesis that the integration of the Samoan economy with recently high GDP-growth rates has led the system to an abrupt increase of entropy, driving back subsistence production, transforming land tenure to individualisation, threatening decentralisation and polluting the environment
Global-City-Formation, Immobilienwirtschaft und Transnationalisierung
Authors: Parnreiter Christof
Published: January 2016

Global-City-formation and the making of a new “corporate geography“: The case of Mexico City. The paper argues that global-city-formation is a key driving force in the transformation of urban landscapes and in the globalization of real estate markets. Taking Mexico City as a case study it is shown that the growing presence of a) foreign companies and b) advanced producer sector firms increases demand for office space, in particular in the high end spectrum of the market. This demand is met by the production of a new CBD in western parts of the city. Mexico City’s corporate geography is, thus, characterized by two CBD, with the new one housing the majority of firms that entered the Mexican market in the last 15 years. The paper also argues that the new corporate geography is marked by processes of de- and transnationalization, becoming thus step by step detached from the urban fabric.
The relevance of package tourists for informal sector micro-enterprises
Authors: Job Hubert , Lutzenberger Michael
Published: January 2016

Against the background of the economic effects of tourism in developing countries and the positive effects that informal sector micro-enterprises (ISME) can have on alleviating poverty, this paper discusses the situation of mass package tourism destinations based on a case study from The Gambia. This explorative study discusses the position of ISME from two perspectives: the access to the market with the development and spatial distribution of ISME in the context of the life-cycle of tourism resorts and on the other side focuses on the tourists themselves and their demands, decision-making and behavior, as well as the factors that influence them. Results suggest that there is a market for ISME at mass tourism destinations alongside the formal sector. A survey of the existing situation and indications from interviews with tourists suggest the need for a discussion of an additional phase in the model of the spatial distribution of the informal and formal sectors in seaside resorts, based on Vorlaufers’s concept of the life-cycle of tourism resorts.
Situierte Analyse, dynamische Räumlichkeiten
Authors: Ibert Oliver , Thiel Joachim
Published: January 2016

Situated analysis, dynamic spatialities. Starting points, perspectives and potentials of a time-geography of the knowledge based economy. This article explores methodological and conceptual links between economic geography and time geography with regard to a suitable analysis of the knowledge based economy. Starting from three key concepts of time-geography - ‘project’, ‘path’ and ‘diorama’ - the article develops a systematic typology of four different approaches to a time-geography of knowledge-based activities: ‘Paths of learning and innovation’, ‘microcosms of learning’, ‘work-life balance’ and ‘work/life city limits’. The article concludes that a stronger integration of time-geographic reasoning would deepen our understanding of the complex interrelation between structure and agency.
Geographies of unruly innovation
Authors: Mattsson Henrik
Published: January 2016

While it has been convincingly shown that innovation is vital to the long-term economic success of localities, regions and nations, much is lacking in terms of knowledge about the sophisticated and unruly spatial processes involved in innovation that take place fragmentarily and unevenly in the grain of territories. This paper discusses how Torsten Hägerstrand’s time-geography may contribute towards deepening our understanding of such geographies of “unruly innovation”.
Containerisierung und Globalisierung – Restrukturierung der maritimen Logistikkette
Authors: Nuhn Helmut
Published: January 2016

Containerisation of maritime transport and globalization. Restructuring of the logistics chain. Standardized containers which are designed to meet the particular needs of different goods turn heterogeneous cargo into homogeneous unit loads which can easily be moved and stacked. Thus for transport handling containers provide opportunities for automation and economies of scale. In the past the transport chain from sender to recipient has been characterized by a sequence of single-transit shipments with interim storage. Nowadays goods shipped in containers can be reloaded to different means of transportation and are transported to their destination under a single through-rate in less time. Planning and control of intermodal transport can be done door-to-door in an integrated full-service approach. The transformation from manual to industrialized transport handling provides opportunities for staff savings, however, it requires considerable investments in different vehicles, containers, equipment and software for operations. Customers benefit from efficiency gains in form of lower shipment prices. This article analyzes the impact of containerisation on liner shipping, harbours and transport in the hinterland as the key elements of the maritime logistics chain. The discussion outlines the topic in the context of globalisation and changing contours of the global economic map.
Märkte, Monster, Modelle – kulturelle Geographien der Subprimekrise
Authors: Berndt Christian
Published: January 2016

Markets, monsters, models: Cultural geographies of the subprime crisis. Inspite of almost four decades of market-based policies and the explosive expansion of speculative money flows, real financial markets have been largely treated as a black box in economic geography. Connecting with a growing body of literature that investigates processes of market-making, this paper calls for intensified efforts to understand how financial markets are produced, stabilized, and fall apart. Tentatively labeled “geographies of marketization”, this perspective is put to work on the example of the current financial crisis.
Krise und Kontinuität des finanzdominierten Akkumulationsregimes
Authors: Sablowski Thomas
Published: January 2016

Crisis and continuity of the finance-led regime of accumulation. Does the current global economic crisis lead to a change in the mode of development of capitalism? To examine this question the global, finance-led regime of accumulation is examined. The changing balance of class forces with the decline of the share of wages in GDP reinforces the tendency towards overproduction and leads to a rising indebtedness of wage-earners. International current account imbalances and the growing indebtedness of states are further triggers of the expansion of financial markets as well as moments of the current crisis. Crisis management so far rather points to the continuity of the finance- led regime of accumulation - with the prospect of further crises in the near future.
Verschiebungen der Krise im globalen Rentierregime
Authors: Zeller Christian
Published: January 2016

Shifting the crisis in the global rentier regime. Imbalances and searching for new fields. The aim of this article is to identify basic trends of the current configuration of global capitalism. The article starts characterizing three essential developments from the late 1970s until the recent crisis. First, undertaking far-reaching restructuring and attacks on wages, capital was able to significantly increase the profit rates after they had fallen in the early 1970s. Second, based on the increasing power of finance capital a global rentier regime emerged. Third, countries in Southeast Asia and China became important areas for investment and capital accumulation. After this analysis the article shows that despite the crisis the finance-dominated configuration of capitalism persists. Based on a massive state intervention this regime entered a process of transformation. Enforcing bank bailouts and transforming private into public debts the states play a crucial role in stabilizing the power of finance capital. Moreover, the global imbalances between net exporters and importers increase again. The paper concludes arguing that the rise of profitability depends on the extent to which it is possible to massively devaluate capital and to open up new regions and fields for a profitable valorization of capital. Thus, the creation of a constellation allowing a stable growth period is unlikely.
Der Markt der Wirtschaft
Authors: Moser Evelyn , Goeke Pascal
Published: January 2016

The market of the economy. The market is expounded by different scientific disciplines, judged by different normative positions, and experienced by different actors. Despite this omnipresence, there is no discernible consensus that answers the question what a market per se is. In contention with theoretical arguments about the market and with the help of systems theory, this article seeks to develop a robust notion of the market. Market can thus be understood as the internal environment of the economic system. Market happens, if both the communication of exchange and the observation of competitors blend into each other, and if these processes focus on and crystallize in prices.
Generalized Darwinism, group selection and evolutionary economic geography
Authors: Essletzbichler Jürgen
Published: January 2016

The paper contributes to the development of evolutionary economic geography in the following ways. First, it summarizes the conceptual building blocks of Generalized Darwinism (GD) and argues that an evolutionary theory based on GD encompasses and complements those based on the principle of emergence and path-dependence. Second, the paper discusses the notion of group selection considered important for rejecting methodological reductionism and developing a multi-level evolutionary theory that opens new opportunities for the application of GD in economic geography. Third, the paper shows how the meta-theoretical framework can be used to organize existing work in evolutionary economic geography, identify conceptual and empirical blind spots in current research, but also contribute to theory formulation and bridge currently disconnected subfields in economic geography more generally.
Emergence through branching and evolution
Authors: Grunsven Leo van , Witte Inge
Published: January 2016

Evolutionary economic geography proposes regional branching as a mode of industry emergence and development. It is claimed that branching enhances performance and evolution. In this article we investigate the relevance of regional branching and this claim in the context of Southeast Asia’s late-industrialization. We report research into the industrial automation industry in Penang, Malaysia.We first demonstrate that the emergence of this industry conforms well to regional branching. We show that despite this mode of genesis, industry development has stalled at an early stage and its evolution shows bifurcation: amongst the firms there are growers but also - and substantially more - stagnators. We offer a framework for understanding regional branching in late-industrialization context and for understanding differential performance/evolution. Applying this framework to our research context we find that regional branching, stalling, and the occurrence of stagnators and only a few growers can be understood from factors and hampering/ conducive circumstances at the levels of the industry, the region and individual firms.
Creativity, plasticity, quality: on the emergence of a new food offering in Paris
Authors: Kebir Leïla , Jeannerat Hugues
Published: January 2016

This paper presents the conditions of the recent emergence of quality fast food restaurants in Paris. Rather than being a radical innovation, the development of this new form of restaurants can be understood through the concept of path plasticity. That is innovation and change occurring within a well-established institutional setting of technology/knowledge development path (Paris catering services in our case) without necessarily breaking out of the path in question. Quality fast food has developed relying on the existing structures of the catering production system while creating bridges between two kinds of restaurants: traditional tasty and fine cuisine and fast food way of eating.
Exploring tourism destination path plasticity
Authors: Halkier Henrik , Therkelsen Anette
Published: January 2016

Path dependency is an acknowledged characteristic of tourism due to a majority of small and micro-sized firms and with that limited resourceful actors who can engage actively in path creation through development of new services and experiences. The aim of this paper is to analyse the socio-economic institutions that have facilitated the rise of coastal tourism, and on the basis of this to gauge the scope for incremental change, or plasticity, within the prevailing development path. The paper can be seen as an explorative study of the micro-dynamics of path plasticity, adopting a casestudy-based approach, exploring two coastal-rural destinations in North Jutland, Denmark. First a review of the literature on destination development and innovation is undertaken in order to identify key issues concerning continuity and change in tourism as a spatially embedded socio-economic activity. Then a conceptual framework for the analysis is outlined, inspired by traditions within institutionalism. Thirdly, the empirical analysis begins by identifying the key institutions supporting the rise of North Jutland as a successful international tourist destination in the 1980s and 1990s, and finally we discuss the extent to which scope for path plasticity can be found within this framework in the current climate of crisis, focusing especially on the role of combinatorial knowledge and policy agency. It is concluded that coastal tourism despite resemblances of an institutional ‘iron triangle’ actually is a more flexible structure which allows for a considerable degree of incremental change, provided that the actors involved are willing to engage in innovative development activities within the existing institutional framework.
Exploring plasticity in the development path of the automotive industry in Baden-Württemberg: the role of combinatorial knowledge dynamics
Authors: Strambach Simone , Klement Benjamin
Published: January 2016

Profound insights into why some regional paths remain dynamic over several decades while others follow a bumpy road and become stuck in the past are still scarce. This paper addresses this gap by contributing to a deeper understanding of dynamics within territorial paths. It focuses on organizational and institutional changes connected with so-called combinatorial knowledge dynamics. We claim that especially innovations based on the transversal combination of separated knowledge bases are connected to the gradual transformation, recombination or creation of institutions at the microlevel. This contribution explores the dynamics within the automotive industry of Baden-Württemberg by providing a meso-level overview of the trajectory of its technological and institutional development as well as an analysis of a case study that illustrates the gradual institutional change on the micro-level in the course of knowledge combination.
Path dependence and path plasticity: textile cities in the Netherlands
Authors: Vissers Geert , Dankbaar Ben
Published: January 2016

Concentrating on three Dutch cities that once had an important textile industry, this study discusses the reasons for the decline of the industry and the responses by firms and other relevant actors. Reasons and responses differed between cities. Therefore, general explanations of the decline of the Dutch textile industry must be supplemented with city-specific accounts. We do not deny that the industry had to deal with path dependence, and lock-in was looming large, but we argue that the demise of the textile industry was not inevitable. The notion of path plasticity helps to direct attention to options that could have been chosen.
Policy-Netzwerke als Instrumente zur Harmonisierung grenzüberschreitender Wirtschaftsräume?
Authors: Dörry Sabine
Published: January 2016

Policy networks as instruments for the harmonisation of cross-border economic areas? The example Luxembourg and the Greater Region. Based on a social network analysis and qualitative interviews, the paper analyses the specific organisational structure of the policy network on crossborder public transportation for the coalescing process of the Greater Region. The paper argues for a more actor-oriented perspective within the structure-dominated policy network analysis to better understand interests among policy actors and thus suggests employing insights from the new institutional economics.
The role of protected areas in destination choice in the European Alps
Authors: Pröbstl-Haider Ulrike , Haider Wolfgang
Published: January 2016

This paper investigates the role of protected areas (PA) for destination choice in the European Alps. It is based on the analysis of the most relevant types of PA (national park, nature park, biosphere reserve), constituting part of the supply of tourism development, and a representative survey of the German population interested in holidays in the alpine area, representing the demand. Our analysis of the legal framework showed that all three types of PA facilitate tourism development, albeit in different ways. The survey included a generic choice experiment of alpine destinations with 17 attributes. Its location in or close to a PA was included as one variable. This destination demand study in an area of origin provided a different perspective on the preference for PA compared to other studies, and revealed significant differences between respondents with and without previous experiences in the Alps. The alpine experienced tourist is more likely to distinguish between the various types of PA such as national park and nature park. For the inexperienced alpine tourist, representing latent demand, the branding effect of PA is rather limited. For nearly all tourists, experienced and inexperienced, and across all segments, offers that include a nature experience are important. Nature experience, which is offered by all types of PA, is of high relevance within the destination choice and should therefore be used more intensely in destination marketing based on PA. Overall, this study shows that the role of PA for destination choice is not as strong as is reported by most of the published literature, as most of these studies are based on surveys in the destination and use single item scaling questions, which overvalue the role of PA.
Field configuration or field reproduction?
Authors: Gibson Rachael , Bathelt Harald
Published: January 2016

This paper builds on discussions about field-configuring events (FCEs) and cyclical/temporary clusters by investigating the role of trade fairs in structuring processes of knowledge creation in an industry or technology field. It argues that while fundamental field-configuring activities, such as shifts in technological trajectories, are not typically associated with trade fairs, these events play an important role in field reproduction through decentralized processes of knowledge exchange and learning, supported by the global cycles of events. Yet, knowledge flows across different events are rarely as continuous and fluid as in an ideal-type cyclical cluster context. Despite some overlap in their goals and audiences, different trade fairs generally serve different functions and are characterized by diverse knowledge practices. This is illustrated through an empirical analysis of the global trade fair cycle of the lighting industry, which is based on semi-structured interviews and systematic observations conducted at three international/national trade fairs: LightFair International (USA), IIDEX/NeoCon Canada and Light + Building (Germany). From this, we suggest that most trade fairs establish a permanent middle-ground between, but quite distant from, the extreme ideal-types of discrete field-configuration and continuous knowledge circulation.
First record of genus Imparfinis from a northeastern coastal Brazilian river basin: I. borodini Mees & Cala, 1989 in Rio de Contas, Bahia
Authors: Sarmento-Soares Luisa Maria , Britski Heraldo Antonio , Anjos Marcia , Zanata Angela M , Martins-Pinheiro Ronaldo Fernando , Barretto Marluce Galvão
Published: January 2016

Imparfinis borodini Mees & Cala, 1989 is recorded in low population abundance in the upper Paraná, Tocantins and São Francisco river drainages according to the scientific literature and available collection data, but it has not been previously recorded from a coastal Brazilian river. Herein, the geographic range of this species is extended to the Rio de Contas basin in northeastern Brazil. This represents the first record in a coastal system. Additionally, I. borodini was captured in the middle Rio São Francisco at Barreiras. Both new records are the first from Bahia state, Northeastern Brazil.
Coordinating Aerial Robots and Unattended Ground Sensors for Intelligent Surveillance Systems
Authors: De Freitas Edison Pignaton , Heimfarth Tales , Allgayer Rodrigo Schmidt , Wagner Flávio Rech , Larsson Tony , Pereira Carlos Eduardo , Ferreira Armando Morado
Published: January 2016

Sensor networks are being used to implement different types of sophisticated emerging applications, such as those aimed at supporting ambient intelligence and surveillance systems. This usage is enhanced by employing sensors with different characteristics in terms of sensing, computing and mobility capabilities, working cooperatively in the network. However, the design and deployment of these heterogeneous systems present several issues that have to be handled in order to meet the user expectations. The main problems are related to the nodes‘ interoperability and the overall resource allocation, both inter and intra nodes. The first problem requires a common platform that abstracts the nodes’ heterogeneity and provides a smooth communication, while the second is handled by cooperation mechanisms supported by the platform. Moreover, as the nodes are supposed to be heterogeneous, a customizable platform is required to support both resource rich and poorer nodes. This paper analyses surveillance systems based on a heterogeneous sensor network, which is composed by lowend ground sensor nodes and autonomous aerial robots, i.e. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), carrying different kinds of sensors. The approach proposed in this work tackles the two above mentioned problems by using a customizable hardware platform and a middleware to support interoperability. Experimental results are also provided.
Reference Architecture for Collaborative Design
Authors: Huang Chin-Yin , Yang Tung-Ting , Chen Wu-Lin , Nof Shimon Y.
Published: January 2016

Issues and themes of Collaborative Design (CD) addressed by research done so far are so extensive that when running a project of collaborative design, people may lack directions or guidelines to support the whole picture. Hence, developing reference architecture for CD is important and necessary in the academic and the empirical fields. Reference architecture provides the systematic, elementary skeleton and can be extended and adapted to diverse, changing environments. It also provides a comprehensive framework and enables practices implemented more thoroughly and easily. The reference architecture developed in this re-search is formed along three dimensions: decision aspect, design stage, and collaboration scope. There are five elements in the dimension of decision aspect: (1) participant, (2) product, (3) process, (4) organization, and (5) information. The dimension of design stage includes three stages: (1) planning and concepting, (2) system-level design and detail design, and (3) testing and prototyping. The dimension of collaboration scope includes three types of collaboration: (1) cross-functional, (2) cross-company, and (3) cross-industry. Because of the three reference dimensions, a cubic architecture is developed. The cubic reference architecture helps decision-makers in dealing with implementing a CD project or activity. It also serves as a guideline for CD system developers or people involved in the design collaboration to figure out their own responsibility functions and their relations with other members. Demonstration of how to use the reference architecture in developing design collaboration activities and specifying the details for cross-company CD is also provided in this research.
Design of Protocols for Task Administration in Collaborative Production Systems
Authors: Ko Hoo Sang , Nof Shimon Y.
Published: January 2016

Customer-focused and concurrent engineering service systems process tasks more effectively as a result of the power of collaboration among multiple participants. In such environments, however, complex situations might arise that require decisions beyond simple coordination.Task Administration Protocols (TAPs) are designed as a control mechanism to manage complex situations in collaborative task environments. This article presents the design of TAPs for collaborative production systems in which tasks are performed by the collaboration of multiple agents. Three component protocols are found to constitute TAPs and are triggered at appropriate stages in task administration: 1) Task Requirement Analysis Protocol, 2) Shared Resource Allocation Protocol, and 3) Synchronization & Time-Out Protocol. A case study with TAPs metrics for task allocation in a collaborative production system is investigated to compare performance under TAPs, and under a non-TAP coordination protocol (which is considered to be simpler). In terms of task allocation ratio, the case study indicates that performance under TAPs is significantly better (up to 10.6%) than under the non-TAP coordination protocol, especially under medium or high load conditions. The advantage of TAPs can be explained by their design with relatively higher level of collaborative intelligence, addressing more complex control logic compared with non-TAP coordination protocols.
Gaze, Posture and Gesture Recognition to Minimize Focus Shifts for Intelligent Operating Rooms in a Collaborative Support System
Authors: Wachs Juan P.
Published: January 2016

This paper describes the design of intelligent, collaborative operating rooms based on highly intuitive, natural and multimodal interaction. Intelligent operating rooms minimize surgeon’s focus shifts by minimizing both the focus spatial offset (distance moved by surgeon’s head or gaze to the new target) and the movement spatial offset (distance surgeon covers physically). These spatio-temporal measures have an impact on the surgeon’s performance in the operating room. I describe how machine vision techniques are used to extract spatio-temporal measures and to interact with the system, and how computer graphics techniques can be used to display visual medical information effectively and rapidly. Design considerations are discussed and examples showing the feasibility of the different approaches are presented.