bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O controle das agências reguladoras federais no STF como instância recursal: um estudo empírico
Authors: Jordão Eduardo Ferreira , Reis Vinícius Cardoso , Cabral Jr. Renato Toledo
Published: February 2021

Este trabalho é resultado de pesquisa desenvolvida no âmbito do Projeto Regulação em Números, da FGV Direito Rio, buscando compreender se e como o Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) exerce controle sobre as agências reguladoras federais em instância recursal. Para isso, foram analisados, quantitativa e qualitativamente, todos os 2.896 processos envolvendo agências reguladoras federais no STF cujas demandas foram apreciadas em sede recursal entre 1996 e 2017. Uma primeira conclusão é a de que o STF raramente avalia o mérito das controvérsias jurídicas sobre as agências reguladoras em sede recursal (2,8% dos recursos), em jurisprudência defensiva. Uma segunda conclusão é mais relevante e menos conhecida: nos poucos casos em que o mérito da controvérsia constitucional é enfrentado (85), o STF adota postura deferente à agência, acolhendo sua tese em 88,7% dos casos. Esta orientação pró-agência se mantém tanto na mais óbvia hipótese em que a agência figura como parte recorrida (92%), como na mais surpreendente hipótese em que a agência que é recorrente (85,2%). O artigo também traz descrição e análise dos temas que ultrapassaram o filtro da jurisprudência defensiva do STF, contribuindo para a compreensão do que o STF julga ter status constitucional entre as matérias de competência das agências.
Resenha: “A quarta revolução industrial”, de Klaus Schwab
Authors: Efing Antônio Carlos , Tamiozzo Henrico César
Published: February 2021

.
Sumário Bilingue
Authors: Table of Contents Bilingual
Published: February 2021

.
Direito ao meio ambiente e mudanças climáticas: o constitucionalismo brasileiro e o acordo de Paris
Authors: Marin Eriberto Francisco Bevilaqua , Mascarenhas Giovanni Martins de Araújo
Published: February 2021

O presente artigo trata de relacionar o direito ao meio ambiente, previsto na constituição brasileira, com as mudanças climáticas e as ações efetivas adotadas pelo governo brasileiro no que tange à efetivação do Acordo de Paris. Tem como objetivo analisar as implicações das ações do governo brasileiro frente aos compromissos assumidos pelo acordo proveniente da COP 21. Para tanto, analisa o direito constitucional ao meio ambiente e os objetivos do Acordo de Paris para relacionar os dados sobre desmatamento e sobre emissões de gases de efeito estufa às ações governamentais e à consecução dos objetivos de mitigação dos efeitos das mudanças climáticas. Verifica-se, assim, que o Brasil está em um cenário de governança ambiental intermediária, de forma que o desmatamento, de forma individual, seria responsável por uma emissão de 16.3 GtCO2 até 2050, de forma que as emissões por outras áreas da cadeia produtiva poderiam alcançar, no máximo, o total de 7.7 GtCO2 no mesmo período para que seja respeitado o Acordo de Paris. A pesquisa, limitada a dados disponibilizados até 2019, conclui que o governo brasileiro deverá mudar radicalmente de postura e adotar uma governança ambiental forte para viabilizar o cumprimento do Acordo de Paris sem resultar em prejuízos para as demais áreas da cadeia produtiva sob pena de, caso não o faça, contribuir ativamente para que as nefastas consequêncas do aquecimento global se concretizem e se solidifiquem. É confirmada a relação entre o direito ao meio ambiente e a necessidade de adoção de uma governança ambiental forte
Süper Piksel Tabanlı Otomatik Kanlı Bölge Tespit Sistemi
Authors: DURSUN Ömer Faruk , TÜRKMEN İrem
Published: February 2021

İnternet kullanımının gittikçe yaygınlaşması daha fazla insanın şiddet ve korku içerebilecek içeriğe erişme riskini arttırmıştır. Bu durum internet üzerindeki içeriğin diğer medya araçlarına göre daha az denetlenmesi ile birleştiğinde özellikle çocuklar ve bu tip içeriğe karşı hassas olan kişiler için önlemler alınması gereği ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu çalışmada renk ve doku özellikleri kullanılarak kan içeren görüntülerin tespitini yapabilecek süper piksel tabanlı bir yöntem önerilmiştir. Öncelikle kan görüntüsü içeren ve içermeyen fotoğraflardan oluşan bir veri seti hazırlanmış ve bu veri setindeki resimlere süperpiksel bölütleme metodu uygulanarak anlamlı, renk ve doku özellikleri bakımından benzer parçalar elde etmek amaçlanmıştır. Sistemin başarısına etkisinin ölçülmesi amacı ile bölütleme algoritmasının oluşturacağı süperpiksel sayısı üç farklı üst sınır ile denenmiştir. Bölütleme algoritmasından elde edilen parçalardan renk ve doku özellikleri çıkartılmış ve destek vektör makinesi yardımı ile kanlı bölge tespiti yapabilecek modeller oluşturulmuştur. Modeller oluşturulurken başarıları karşılaştırmak amacı ile çeşitli çekirdek fonksiyonları denenmiştir. Önerilen sistemde ortalama %96 doğruluk elde edilmiştir
The Comparison of Artificial Neural Network Approach and Response Surface Model for Evaluation Upper Limb Performance in Patients with Chronic Neck Pain
Authors: BAKACAK KARABENLİ Leyla , AKTAŞ Serpil
Published: February 2021

Response surface model (RSM) is used to detect the variable values that make the response variable maximum or minimum. Besides, the effect of exploratory variables on the response variable is determined. Thus, this method can be referred as a combination of regression analysis and optimization. RSM is mostly used in many fields such as industry and chemistry. However, it has limited application in the field of health. The upper limb performance assessment is a two-stage assessment of upper limb contributions to task performance. In this study, the upper limb performance of chronic neck pain patients is examined on 63 patients. The upper extremity functional index (UEFI-20) identifying the performance of upper limb is assigned as response variable. Input variables are taken as the variables related the pain-rating scales of patients at rest or in activity. The central composite model is implemented to estimate the model. The artificial neural network (ANN) approach is also applied to upper limb performance data. The mean absolute error, correlation coefficients, standard error of prediction are obtained from evaluating the experimental and predicted values of both models. The comparative analysis for both models is made on the prediction accuracy.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of composites of bovine derived hydroxyapatite (BHA) reinforced with MgF2
Authors: SENGOR Mustafa
Published: February 2021

Composites of calcinated bovine bone derived hydroxyapatite (BHA) doped 1 and 2 wt% MgF2 were prepared by a sintering process. Microstructure and crystallographic analyses along with measurements of density, compression strength, and microhardness were carried out in the produced samples. The experimental results indicated a beneficial effect of MgF2 in the matrix of BHA reflected in the significant increase of compression strength and microhardness up to 143 MPa and 313 HV, respectively, achieved after sintering at 1300 0C for 2% MgF2 addition. The presence of MgF2 reduced the onset of sintering towards lower temperatures (i.e. 1100 0C) and increased the stability of hydroxyapatite towards transformation to TCP at 1300 0C. The influence of Mg2+ and F- ions in the lattice of hydroxyapatite is discussed.
The Impact of Industry 4.0 on Occupational Health and Safety
Authors: TEPE Serap
Published: February 2021

When the subject is change, there are a few options: The first is to lead the change and make the rules, the second is to be a quick follower of the change and not to fall behind, and the third is to wait for the change to change you. Industry 4.0, as one of the largest drivers of change, makes its presence felt in all work fields and enables new applications to participate in different sectors. The main question here is how a multi-disciplinary and proactive domain like Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) will be affected by the winds of change in Industry 4.0. Technological developments have changed the substance of the problems and the variety of solutions in the OHS domain. In this paper, the components forming the substance of the Industry 4.0 philosophy are introduced, and good operational examples of these components in OHS have been investigated. The purpose of this study is to consider the effect of Industry 4.0 on the OHS domain and make it more capable of being defined in a theoretical context. Hence, the advantages and disadvantages of the subject are discussed by introducing Industry 4.0-based OHS applications for different sectors in Turkey.
The precautionary principle and the burden and standard of proof in European and Dutch environmental law
Authors: Kegge Rogier
Published: February 2021

This article offers an analysis of the application of the precautionary principle by European courts and the highest Dutch administrative courts in environmental cases. The precautionary principle is one of the leading principles in EU environmental law, but it has no unequivocal meaning.
This makes the principle difficult to apply and the allocation of the burden of proof and the level of standard of proof complex matters. In the context of the allocation of the burden of proof, it is essential to make the distinction between the precautionary principle invoked as an obligation
or a justification for protective measures. A realistic level of standard of proof is also essential. Without a fair allocation of the burden of proof and a realistic level of standard of proof, either the authorities or the appellants may be exposed to unequal procedural positions and unsolvable
evidentiary problems. Analysis of the case law leads to the conclusion that the principle sometimes is misapplied by the Dutch administrative courts.
Addressing multiple bit/symbol errors in DRAM subsystem
Authors: Yeleswarapu Ravikiran , Somani Arun K.
Published: February 2021

As DRAM technology continues to evolve towards smaller feature sizes and increased densities, faults in DRAM subsystem are becoming more severe. Current servers mostly use CHIPKILL based schemes to tolerate up-to one/two symbol errors per DRAM beat. Such schemes may not detect multiple symbol errors arising due to faults in multiple devices and/or data-bus, address bus. In this article, we introduce Single Symbol Correction Multiple Symbol Detection (SSCMSD)—a novel error handling scheme to correct single-symbol errors and detect multi-symbol errors. Our scheme makes use of a hash in combination with Error Correcting Code (ECC) to avoid silent data corruptions (SDCs).

We develop a novel scheme that deploys 32-bit CRC along with Reed-Solomon code to implement SSCMSD for a ×4 based DDR4 system. Simulation based experiments show that our scheme effectively guards against device, data-bus and address-bus errors only limited by the aliasing probability of the hash. Our novel design enabled us to achieve this without introducing additional READ latency. We need 19 chips per rank, 76 data bus-lines and additional hash-logic at the memory controller.
Comparison of machine learning and deep learning techniques in promoter prediction across diverse species
Authors: Bhandari Nikita , Khare Satyajeet , Walambe Rahee , Kotecha Ketan
Published: February 2021

Gene promoters are the key DNA regulatory elements positioned around the transcription start sites and are responsible for regulating gene transcription process. Various alignment-based, signal-based and content-based approaches are reported for the prediction of promoters. However, since all promoter sequences do not show explicit features, the prediction performance of these techniques is poor. Therefore, many machine learning and deep learning models have been proposed for promoter prediction. In this work, we studied methods for vector encoding and promoter classification using genome sequences of three distinct higher eukaryotes viz. yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), A. thaliana (plant) and human (Homo sapiens). We compared one-hot vector encoding method with frequency-based tokenization (FBT) for data pre-processing on 1-D Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model. We found that FBT gives a shorter input dimension reducing the training time without affecting the sensitivity and specificity of classification. We employed the deep learning techniques, mainly CNN and recurrent neural network with Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) and random forest (RF) classifier for promoter classification at k-mer sizes of 2, 4 and 8. We found CNN to be superior in classification of promoters from non-promoter sequences (binary classification) as well as species-specific classification of promoter sequences (multiclass classification). In summary, the contribution of this work lies in the use of synthetic shuffled negative dataset and frequency-based tokenization for pre-processing. This study provides a comprehensive and generic framework for classification tasks in genomic applications and can be extended to various classification problems.
TET2 mutations in acute myeloid leukemia: a comprehensive study in patients of Sindh, Pakistan
Authors: Shaikh Abdul Rehman Khalil , Ujjan Ikram , Irfan Muhammad , Naz Arshi , Shamsi Tahir , Khan Muhammad Tariq Masood , Shakeel Muhammad
Published: February 2021

Background

The tet oncogene family member 2 (TET2) gene has been reported to be involved in DNA methylation and epigenetic regulation in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Various studies have proven functional role of TET2 mutations in AML. We herein studied the frequency and genotype-phenotype correlation of TET2 gene in AML patients in Sindh, Pakistan.

Patients and methods

The current study was carried out at Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Pakistan, in collaboration with National Institute of Blood Disease & Bone Marrow Transplant, Karachi, Pakistan, during the period from June 2019 to June 2020. A total of 130 patients diagnosed with AML were screened for TET2 mutations. Whole exome sequencing of 14 individuals was carried out to find the genetic variants in TET2 gene. The pathogenicity of the variants was predicted by SIFT, PolyPhen2, Mutation Taster and CADD Phred scores. The allele frequency of the variants was compared with global population using 1000 genomes project and Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC). Furthermore, exon 3 and exon 5 of the TET2 gene were sequenced by using Sanger sequencing. The findings were correlated with subtypes of AML and corresponding karyotypes.

Results

Through the exome sequencing, 17 genetic variants (13 SNPs and four indels) were identified in 14 individuals. Of these, four variants that is, one frameshift deletion, one frameshift insertion and two nonsense variants were novel and not present in dbSNP151 database. Three novel variants were found in exon 3 including two frameshift variants that is, p.T395fs and G494fs, predicted as deleterious by CADD Phred scores, and one stop-gain variant (p.G898X) predicted as deleterious by Mutation Taster and CADD Phred scores. One novel non sense variant (p.Q1191X) was found in the exon 5 predicted as deleterious by SIFT, Mutation Taster and CADD Phred scores. Sanger sequencing analysis revealed one novel deletion at g105233851: del.TAGATAGA, and one novel SNP g;105233861 T>G identified in the TET2 gene. Majority of the exon 3 mutations were seen in the patients diagnosed with AML with maturation, and had a normal karyotype.

Conclusion

TET2 mutations were identified in around 16% of the total patients of our study indicating other mechanisms being involved in pathophysiology of AML in this cohort. The TET2 mutations provide a prognostic value in determining AML classification.
Demographic Predictors of Gestational Age at Delivery among Women of Ijaw Tribe in Bayelsa State, in the Niger Delta Region in Nigeria
Authors: Howells Ikobho Ebenezer , Maduabuchukwu Ikeanyi Eugene
Published: February 2021

Background: Though most pregnant women tend to deliver around their expected date of confinement, quite a significant number deliver preterm and postterm.  The variation of delivery timing can result from obstetrics complications, genetic or demographic factors.

Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the influence of demographic factors of pregnant Ijaw women on gestational age at delivery, like: maternal age, parity, occupation, educational level, gestational age at booking, maternal height, and body mass index, on gestational age at delivery. It also intends to determine the effects of birth weight and fetal sex.

Materials and Methods: It was an observational cross-sectional study of 1484 booked pregnant women of Ijaw ethnic group, who delivered in the labour ward of the Niger Delta University Teaching Hospital. Their case notes were retrieved and relevant information such as maternal age, parity, educational level, and occupation was obtained. Others include maternal height and weight at booking, gestational age at booking, gestational age at delivery and birth weight. Body mass index was calculated from height and weight and categorized. Data was analyzed with Chi square, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, simple linear regression, and multivariate analysis

Results: The prevalence of preterm birth (PTB) among Ijaw women was 9.7%, and the prevalence of PTB was significantly associated with underweight, Odd ratio = 7.79[3.12, 19.50], low educational level, Odd ratio =2.27[1.40, 3.68], and late booking for antenatal care P = 0.004. Delivery postterm was significantly associated with class 1 obesity, Odd ratio =16.0[4, 59, 55.8], and delivery of male babies Odds ratio = 6.76[2.41, 18.96].

Demographic factors from multivariate analysis could only account for 15.9% of the factors responsible for gestational age at delivery, of which the most important were birth weight, educational level and maternal height at booking.

Conclusion: Though maternal and fetal demographic factors significantly affects birth weight, the bulk of the determinants (84.1%) are outside these factors, and it could be from obstetrics, genetic, or other factors.
THE EFFECT OF SERVICE QUALITY, PERCEIVED VALUE AND MEDIATING EFFECT OF BRAND IMAGE ON BRAND TRUST
Authors: Wijaya Awalludin Fajar Brata , Surachman Surachman , Mugiono Mugiono
Published: February 2021

This study aimed to determine the effect of service quality on perceived value mediated by brand image and brand trust on the participant BPJS KESEHATAN Kesehatan Branch Malang (National Health Insurance Office Malang Branch). This study is using purposive sampling, 170 people who registered as social security administration's health Malang branch were selected as the respondents. All variables are measured by Likert scale. The Data was analyzed using partial least squares. The results are service quality influences significant ability to trust and brand image, and perceived value does not significantly influence trust, but significant influences brand image. Brand image partially mediates the effect of service quality on trust and fully mediates the effect of perceived value on trust. The implication of this research is social security administration health Malang branch must maintain and improve the quality of its services, promote and socialize to improve its brand image and brand trust.
VISUAL PERCEPTION OF PRIMARY DISPLAY PANEL OF COFFEE PACKAGING
Authors: Swasty Wirania , Mustikawan Arry , Naufalina Fariha Eridani
Published: February 2021

Previous research only discussed the perception of color combinations for the primary display panel. This study is not only focused on color;  but also on other visual elements. This research aims to know the primary display panel that is more desirable to consumers and uncover the linkage between product perception and preference by using quantitative approach. As for the method used is the case study of brand Puntang Coffee. Data collection was done by conducting literature study, redesign experiment and questionnaires, whereas data analyze by using the ANOVA test. From data, it was revealed that the highest valuation of respondents of all three designs displayed is design C;  which proposed by the designer team, that are perceived better by respondents.
Perfil de pacientes com diagnóstico de transtorno de estresse pós-traumático atendidos em um ambulatório de ansiedade e trauma
Authors: Duran Érica Panzani , Menezes Curt Hemanny , Lotufo Neto Francisco , Savóia Mariangela Gentil , Oliveira Irismar Reis de
Published: February 2021

Introdução: o transtorno de estresse pós-traumático se caracteriza pela ação de ansiedade extrema a um evento externo, o que coloca a vida da pessoa em risco, sob a forma de ameaça direta ou testemunho do evento traumático. Objetivo: descrever o perfil sociodemográfico e clínico de pacientes com transtorno de estresse pós-traumático, atendidos em um ensaio clínico no Programa de Ansiedade, da Faculdade de Medicina, da Universidade de São Paulo. Metodologia: noventa e cinco pacientes com idade entre 18 e 65 anos, que apresentavam o diagnóstico desse transtorno, foram avaliados individualmente por psiquiatras, no período de janeiro de 2014 a março de 2015. As variáveis estudadas foram: sexo, idade, nível educacional, religião, tempo com o transtorno, uso de medicação, comorbidades psiquiátricas e tipo de evento traumático. Resultados – A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 41,7 anos, sendo 80% do sexo feminino, 53,7% solteiros ou divorciados, 43% católicos e 87,4% usavam algum tipo de medicação antes do diagnóstico. Conclusão: destaca-se que o transtorno de estresse pós-traumático é mais comum no sexo feminino e que a presença de comorbidades é frequente, sendo recorrente o transtorno de ansiedade generalizada, o transtorno depressivo maior e a agorafobia, o que piora o prognóstico. Dados relevantes da literatura foram discutidos.
Perda auditiva na hemoglobinopatia SC (HbSC): relato de caso
Authors: Silva Santos Dourivaldo , Da Cruz Fernandes Luciene , Rissatto-Lago Mara Renata , Dos Santos Reis Caique , Nóbrega da Costa Ana Caline
Published: February 2021

Introdução: Doença falciforme (DF) engloba um conjunto de hemoglobinopatias marcadas pela hemoglobina (Hb) anormal S (HbS). A HbS possui um formato de foice e aumento de rigidez, culminando em hemólise. Além disso, dificulta a passagem pela microcirculação sanguínea, causando vaso-oclusão e lesão isquêmica em diversos órgãos e tecidos. Na orelha interna, tem sido descrita como os responsável por danos auditivos. Objetivo: apresentar um relato de caso de paciente do sexo feminino com doença falciforme, acometida de perda auditiva sensorioneural (PASN) bilateral assimétrica. Relato do caso: paciente do sexo feminino, destra, 45 anos, compareceu para avaliação, queixando se de diminuição da audição e zumbido na orelha esquerda. Foi submetida à avaliação audiológica, constituída por audiometria tonal limiar, logoaudiometria, imitanciometria, emissões otoacústicas por produto de distorção (EOAPD) e potencial evocado auditivo do tronco encefálico (PEATE). Resultados: constatou-se: perda auditiva sensorioneural bilateral de grau leve na orelha direita e severo na orelha esquerda; presença dos reflexos estapedianos contralaterais na orelha direita e ausência na orelha esquerda; curvas timpanométricas tipo A; ausência de emissões otoacústicas bilateralmente; e os potenciais auditivos evocados do tronco encefálico dentro dos padrões de normalidade. Discussão: diversos mecanismos estão envolvidos na relação DF e PASN, como a falta de oxigenação e infarto do órgão de Corti, hemorragia labiríntica e labirintite ossificante, bem como uma associação entre o nível de viscosidade sanguínea, disfunção endotelial e hipertensão sistêmica. E ainda deve ser considerada a questão de dominância hemisférica na assimetria da perda. Conclusão: os conhecimentos sobre as características dos danos auditivos na HbSC ainda não são conclusivos e merecem mais investigações. A implementação de avaliações periódicas da função auditiva tem contribuído para prevenir a progressão dos danos e auxiliado no tratamento precoce
REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA PARA ADEQUAÇÃO DE UMA METODOLOGIA DE DETECÇÃO DO MICROPLÁSTICO NA GOMA E ÁGUAS RESIDUÁRIAS RESULTANTES DO PROCESSO DE BENEFICIAMENTO DA MANDIOCA
Authors: Ribeiro Marina Pereira , Oliveira Mariana Mendes Costa , Santos Nayara De Santana , Valentim Alessandra Cristina Silva
Published: February 2021

O Brasil apresenta um alto cultivo de raiz de mandioca, que além de ser usada para consumo in natura, possui diversos produtos derivados, dentre os quais se destacam a farinha e a goma. O processo de beneficiamento da mandioca gera um subproduto denominado manipueira, um efluente líquido considerado uma substância poluidora, por conter níveis de toxicidade superiores aos do esgoto doméstico. Devido ao uso de materiais plásticos no processo produtivo de derivados da mandioca, existe a possibilidade da presença de microplásticos tanto nos produtos quanto no referido subproduto. Este estudo teve como objetivo definir metodologias mais adequadas para a detecção de microplásticos em amostras da goma e da manipueira. O método para alcançar este intento foi uma revisão bibliográfica das metodologias utilizadas para águas residuárias e sedimentos. A revisão dessas metodologias resultou em uma adaptação, que este estudo traz como uma proposta de um procedimento analítico que envolve etapas de amostragem, extração, quantificação e controle da qualidade. Espera-se que, após a sua validação através de ensaios interlaboratoriais, a metodologia proposta mostre altas eficiências de detecção de microplásticos, contribuindo para avanços científicos na área.

 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC REVIEW TO ADEQUATE A METHODOLOGY FOR DETECTION OF MICROPLASTICS IN GUM AND WASTEWATER RESULTING FROM THE CASSAVA BENEFIT PROCESS

Brazil has a high cultivation of cassava root, which in addition to being used for fresh consumption has several derivative products, among which flour and gum stand out. The process of processing cassava generates a by-product called cassava wastewater, a liquid effluent considered a polluting substance, as it contains higher levels of toxicity than domestic sewage. Due to the use of plastic materials in the production process of cassava derivatives, there is the possibility of the presence of microplastics both in the products and in the referred by-product. This study aimed to define more appropriate methodologies for the detection of microplastics in gum and cassava wastewater samples. The method to achieve this goal was a literature review of the methodologies used for wastewater and sediments. The revision of these methodologies resulted in an adaptation, which this study brings as a proposal for an analytical procedure that involves sampling, extraction, quantification and quality control steps. It is expected that, after its validation through interlaboratory tests, the proposed methodology will show high efficiency of detection of microplastics, contributing to scientific advances in the area.
Indústria da Cultura Corporal em Academias de Ginástica: nexos e determinações da reestruturação produtiva na formação de professores de Educação Física no Brasil
Authors: Pupio Bárbara Cristina
Published: February 2021

O presente texto aborda os nexos entre o desenvolvimento da indústria da cultura corporal no setor de academias e as disputas pela direção da formação em Educação Física no Brasil, considerando o contexto de reestruturação produtiva e neoliberalismo. Fundamentadas na Concepção Materialista e Dialética da História, concluímos que, na correlação de forças, o que forjou as determinações da formação em Educação Física foram os interesses capitalistas de proprietários do setor (sejam eles empresários de academias ou empresários de ensino) na defesa por uma formação profissional que atendesse as demandas desse mercado em expansão.
O conceito de alienação e o processo de reprodução da sociedade na educação
Authors: Moura Aline de Carvalho
Published: February 2021

A partir de uma discussão sobre o conceito de alienação, este artigo tem como objetivo problematizar a relação que se estabelece entre a sociedade e a educação, pensando a forma como os processos educacionais reproduzem as estruturas da sociedade capitalista. Metodologicamente, apresentamos uma epistemologia de base marxista acerca da problemática da alienação sob a perspectiva materialista histórica de orientação ontológica, argumentando, como esse conceito pode explicar a relação entre educação e sociedade. Como considerações, questionamos uma reformulação significativa da educação sem uma correspondente transformação do quadro sócio-político-econômico no qual as práticas educativas devem cumprir suas funções.
FATORES QUE AFETAM A ESCOLHA DA PROFISSÃO CONTÁBIL: UM ESTUDO REALIZADO COM OS ALUNOS DE UMA IES PÚBLICA DE MINAS GERAIS
Authors: Alves Rodriguês Jessica Aparecida , Bazani Camila Lima , Leal Edvalda Araujo
Published: February 2021

Esta pesquisa investigou os fatores que afetam a escolha da profissão contábil na percepção dos alunos do curso de Ciências Contábeis de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior pública do estado de Minas Gerais. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa com abordagem descritiva, tendo sido analisado três construtos: fatores psicológicos, sociais e econômicos. Os dados foram coletados por meio da aplicação de um questionário a estudantes matriculados nos quatro períodos iniciais, sendo a amostra final composta por 170 participantes. Os resultados encontrados demonstram que, quanto aos fatores psicológicos, o motivo de maior relevância consiste em ter uma autonomia de atuação na profissão contábil. Quanto aos fatores sociais, a questão de poder atuar em diferentes áreas foi a de maior destaque. Em relação aos fatores econômicos, o elemento associado a uma melhor remuneração no mercado de trabalho foi de grande influência na decisão dos estudantes pela escolha da profissão contábil.
A Inclusão da Pessoa com Autismo no Ensino Superior
Authors: Santos Wellington Farias dos , Santana Vinicius Santos , Dias Lucas De Souza Santos , Teixeira Cristina Maria D'Ávila , Pondé Milena Pereira
Published: February 2021

A educação superior para pessoas com transtorno do espectro do autismo (TEA) é um campo que vem se expandindo, porém com poucos dados publicados no Brasil sobre a experiência desse tipo de inclusão na universidade. Assim, este estudo busca conhecer as ações tomadas pela Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), através da Pró-Reitoria de Ações Afirmativas e Assistência Estudantil (PROAE), para melhorar a inclusão de pessoas com TEA, identificando quais as medidas práticas que foram pensadas e viabilizadas para esses alunos e como elas são implementadas na prática dos estudantes com autismo. A gravidade do transtorno varia em função da intensidade do comprometimento dos sintomas, que pode variar desde pessoas que têm déficits mais sutis, como dificuldade de expressar sentimentos e de compreender metáforas, até pessoas que não conseguem se comunicar verbalmente e nem por gestos. Portanto, foi feito um estudo qualitativo exploratório, com pesquisa documental e entrevistas semiestruturadas, acrescido de investigação documental no site do Núcleo de Apoio à Inclusão do Aluno com Necessidades Educacionais Especiais (NAPE), da UFBA. Por fim, foram feitas entrevistas semiestruturadas com dois estudantes da UFBA com diagnóstico de autismo, uma mãe de um dos estudantes e uma funcionária do NAPE. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, que sugere uma possível invisibilidade de pessoas com autismo na universidade, apesar de existirem programas e legislações que facilitem a inclusão desses alunos no meio acadêmico.
Spatiotemporal Magnetocaloric Microenvironment for Guiding the Fate of Biodegradable Polymer Implants
Authors: Hao Lili , Li Jiaxiang , Wang Peng , Wang Zongliang , Wu Zhenxu , Wang Yu , Jiao Zixue , Guo Min , Shi Tongfei , Wang Qigang , Ito Yoshihiro , Wei Yen , Zhang Peibiao
Published: February 2021

The degradation behavior of implants is significantly important for bone repair. However, it is still unprocurable to spatiotemporally regulate the degradation of the implants to match bone ingrowth. In this paper, a magneto‐controlled biodegradation model is established to explore the degradation behavior of magnetic scaffolds in a magnetothermal microenvironment generated by an alternating magnetic field (AMF). The results demonstrate that the scaffolds can be heated by magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) under AMF, which dramatically accelerated scaffold degradation. Especially, magnetic NPs modified by oleic acid with a better interface compatibility exhibit a greater heating efficiency to further facilitate the degradation. Furthermore, the molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the enhanced motion correlation between magnetic NPs and polymer matrix can accelerate the energy transfer. As a proof‐of‐concept, the feasibility of magneto‐controlled degradation for implants is demonstrated, and an optimizing strategy for better heating efficiency of nanomaterials is provided, which may have great instructive significance for clinical medicine.
Interface Engineering of Perovskite/Hole Transport Layer Using Nano‐Network Formation in Small Molecule–Polymer Blend for Efficient Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Lee Sung Hun , Hong Seungyeon , Lee Hyun Hwi , Kim Hyo Jung
Published: February 2021

Interface engineering is critical for reducing trap states present in various device interfaces and improving the efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). This study introduces the blending effect of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) into metal‐phthalocyanine−tetrasulfonated acid tetrasodium salt (TS‐MPc) used as a hole transport layer (HTL) in organic–inorganic hybrid PSCs. PEDOT:PSS with a low pH induces the self‐assembly and formation of mesh‐like nano‐networks in a TS‐MPc layer, which is confirmed by atomic force microscopy and elemental mapping using energy‐dispersive spectroscopy. Compared with pure TS‐MPc, nano‐networked TS‐MPc with PEDOT:PSS exhibits higher crystallinity by grazing‐incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering. The nano‐network formation contributes to ≈30% enhancement in the power conversion efficiency (14.65%) of device with PEDOT:PSS‐assisted TS‐CuPc as HTL, compared with device using conventional PEDOT:PSS (11.02%). In addition, the device with PEDOT:PSS‐assisted TS‐MPc shows a significant improvement in stability owing to the reduced pH of the HTL compared with the device using pristine PEDOT:PSS.
The Different Roles of Cobalt and Manganese in Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Supercapacitors
Authors: Iqbal Rashid , Sultan Muhammad Qaisar , Hussain Sabir , Hamza Mathar , Tariq Ayesha , Akbar Muhammad Bilal , Ma Yingjie , Zhi Linjie
Published: February 2021

Conductive metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising electrode materials for supercapacitors (SCs) because of their tunable structures, high specific surface areas, and superior conductivity. However, it remains challenging to develop conductive MOFs for organic SCs and the role of metal ions in the electrochemical performance of MOFs is still unclear but is shown to be a key factor in determining MOFs performance. Herein, two high‐performance ultra‐thin redox conductive 2D MOFs (>6000 S m−1) for SCs are prepared, and the effects of metal ions on the capacitive performance of MOF electrodes are investigated. Co2+ and Mn2+ with the same ligand provide two MOFs featuring almost the same structures and specific surface areas but show great differences in electrochemical performance except that both MOFs exhibit outstanding electrochemical performance and good cycling stability with a capacity retention of >85% after 10 000 cycles. Different metal ions endow the two MOFs with different redox behaviors, conductivities, and energy levels, where Co‐MOF shows superior specific capacity compared to Mn‐MOF. This work expands the possibility of the use of MOFs in SCs and gives insight into the roles of metal ions in MOFs.
Thermomagnetic Generation Performance of Gd and La(Fe, Si)13Hy/In Material for Low‐Grade Waste Heat Recovery
Authors: Ma Zhihui , Chen Haodong , Liu Xianliang , Xing Chengfen , Wu Meiling , Wang Yixu , Liu Peiran , Ou Zhiqiang , Shen Jun , Taskaev Sergey V. , Long Kewen , Long Yi , Zhang Hu
Published: February 2021

The recovery of waste heat is urgently required to solve challenging energy and environmental issues. Thermomagnetic generation (TMG) technology using magnetic phase transition materials can realize the conversion of low‐grade waste heat into electrical energy. However, efficient TMG materials hold the key to the development of this technology. Herein, the TMG performance of La(Fe, Si)13Hy/In is studied in comparison with the benchmark material Gd systematically. The induced current I is related to the change rate of the average magnetization over time dM/dt according to Faraday's law. In addition, the location of TC in the working temperature range is an important factor affecting TMG performance. Due to the sharper magnetic transition, La(Fe, Si)13Hy/In presents a maximum intrinsic I of 9.12 µA g−1, ≈90% higher than that of Gd (4.82 µA g−1). Moreover, the average output electrical power density and cost performance of La(Fe, Si)13Hy/In are 0.42 mW m−3 and 0.102 nW USD−1, which are also significantly higher than those of Gd, 0.10 mW m−3 and 0.005 nW USD−1, respectively. In comparison with Gd, the present work suggests that the La(Fe, Si)13Hy/In possesses much higher potential in the field of low‐grade waste heat recovery.
Effect of microstructure induced by microcellular injection molding on electromagnetic interference shielding properties
Authors: Liu Ya , Guan Yanjin , Ye Xin , Li Xiping , Lin Jun
Published: February 2021

Preparing lightweight and versatile products is the unremitting goal of industry to save resources and energy. Lightweight carbon fiber reinforced polypropylene (CF/PP) composite foams with high‐performance electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials were fabricated by microcellular injection molding (MIM) technology. The average length and distribution of CF in CF/PP composite foams were examined. Thanks to the introduction of foaming process, the average CF length of composite foams was 33.98% longer than that of solids, which effectively enhanced the electrical conductivity and EMI shielding properties. The effect of shot size, gas content, and injection rate on the electrical conductivity and EMI properties was investigated. With melt shot size of 2/3 of the cavity volume, gas content of 0.5 wt% N2 and injection rate of 100 mm/s, optimal cellular structure of the composite material was obtained. The EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) reaches 36.94 dB, which is the highest value achieved by using MIM technology to the best of the authors' knowledge. In addition, the mechanical properties of cellular structure can still maintain good values, with the tensile strength and impact strength improved by 15.3% and 14.03%, respectively.
Ultra‐low degree of polymerization polyvinyl alcohol products prepared by oxidative chain scission: Method and mechanism
Authors: Song Xianni , Deng Jianguo , Zhang Junhua
Published: February 2021

In this paper, the high value‐added (ultra‐low degree of polymerization [ULDP]) polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) product was successfully prepared by oxidative chain scission method with sodium hypochlorite as an oxidant. When the molar ratio of PVA to NaClO is not less than 1:1.8, the reaction is stirred for several hours (≥2 h) at a temperature not exceeding 50°C. After precipitation and washing in methanol, PVA with polymerization degree of 38–150 can be obtained after drying. The infrared spectrum (IR) and nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectrum (1H‐NMR) test proved that the product obtained by this method is indeed PVA. The results of 1H‐NMR also showed that the chain broken has no selectivity and the stereoregularity of hydroxyl group did not change significantly. Through radical quenching experiment and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis, it is proved that OCl− is the main active oxide, ·Cl makes the oxidative chain scission process can be realized quickly, and ·OH is an indispensable factor for obtaining ULDP PVA. Under the combined action of these three, high value‐added PVA with ULDP was successfully prepared. Additionally, the sodium hypochlorite oxidized the ·OH captured by 5,5‐dimethyl‐1‐pyrroline‐n‐oxide (DMPO‐OH) to 2‐hydroxy‐5,s‐dimethyl‐1‐pyrroline‐N‐oxide (HDMPO‐OH) in an alkaline environment.
Discovery of novel triazolophthalazine derivatives as DNA intercalators and topoisomerase II inhibitors
Authors: Sakr Helmy , Ayyad Rezk R. , El‐Helby Ali A. , Khalifa Mohamed M. , Mahdy Hazem A.
Published: February 2021

A new series of triazolophthalazine derivatives was designed and synthesized as topoisomerase II (Topo II) inhibitors and DNA intercalators. The synthesized derivatives were evaluated in vitro for their cytotoxic activities against three human cancer cell lines: HepG2, MCF‐7, and HCT‐116 cells. Compound IXb was the most potent counterpart with IC50 values of 5.39 ± 0.4, 3.81 ± 0.2, and 4.38 ± 0.3 µM, as it was about 1.47, 1.77, and 1.19 times more active than doxorubicin (IC50 = 7.94 ± 0.6, 6.75 ± 0.4, and 5.23 ± 0.3 µM) against HepG2, MCF‐7, and HCT‐116 cells, respectively. Additionally, the binding affinity of the synthesized compounds toward the DNA molecule was assessed using the DNA/methyl green assay. Compound IXb showed an excellent DNA binding affinity with an IC50 value of 27.16 ± 1.2 µM, which was better than that of the reference drug doxorubicin (IC50 = 31.02 ± 1.80 µM). Moreover, compound IXb was the most potent member among the tested compounds when investigated for their Topo II inhibitory activity. Furthermore, compound IXb induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells and arrested the cell cycle at the G2/M phase. Additionally, compound IXb showed Topo II poisoning effects at 2.5 μM and Topo II catalytic inhibitory effects at 5 and 10 μM. Finally, molecular docking studies were carried out against the DNA–Topo II complex and DNA, to investigate the binding patterns of the designed compounds.
A roadmap to strange star
Authors: Xu Renxin , Lai Xiaoyu , Xia Chengjun
Published: February 2021

What if normal baryonic matter is compressed so tightly that atomic nuclei come into close contact? This question has been asked since 1930s. The first answer was presented by Lev Landau whose speculation has been developed, and the concept of neutron star is then popularized. However, another answer is related to strange star, which becomes worthy of attention especially after the establishment of the standard model of particle physics in 1960s. The basic ideas of this study are introduced pedagogically. We must point out emphatically that flavor symmetry and strong coupling between quarks would be essential in seeking true answer to the question. The final answer is expected to appear in the era of multimessenger astronomy. It is emphasized too that, besides the differences of global properties (e.g., mass‐radius relation, maximum mass, tidal deformability), the strong‐bound surface of strange star (rather than the gravity‐bound one for conventional neutron star) could play an important role in identifying a strange star by astronomical observations.
Investigation of the nature of a massive vector mediator for dark matter through e+e− collisions
Authors: Mateus Jr Marcio , Gil da Silveira Gustavo
Published: February 2021

Our work aims to investigate the interaction between fermions and dark matter (DM) particles in electron‐positron collisions through interaction of a new massive vector mediator, Z′. The production of scalar, fermionic, and vector DM pairs via electron‐positron annihilation into the new boson is investigated, evaluating the total cross section in the center‐of‐mass frame. As a result, the possible values of the coupling constants between the DM and the Standard Model of the Elementary Particles particles are mapped according to the exclusion limits obtained by the CMS and ATLAS experiments and the Planck satellite. We show that there are several possibilities for mass ranges of this new massive mediator and for the DM particles, which are not excluded by collider and astrophysical limits.
Noncanonical functions of the serine‐arginine‐rich splicing factor (SR) family of proteins in development and disease
Authors: Wagner Rebecca E. , Frye Michaela
Published: February 2021

Members of the serine/arginine (SR)‐rich protein family of splicing factors play versatile roles in RNA processing steps and are often essential for normal development. Dynamic changes in RNA processing and turnover allow fast cellular adaptions to a changing microenvironment and thereby closely cooperate with transcription factor networks that establish cell identity within tissues. SR proteins play fundamental roles in the processing of pre‐mRNAs by regulating constitutive and alternative splicing. More recently, SR proteins have also been implicated in other aspects of RNA metabolism such as mRNA stability, transport and translation. The‐ emerging noncanonical functions highlight the multifaceted functions of these SR proteins and identify them as important coordinators of gene expression programmes. Accordingly, most SR proteins are essential for normal cell function and their misregulation contributes to human diseases such as cancer.
Synthesis of a DNA‐Encoded Library of Pyrrolo[2,3‐d]pyrimidines
Authors: Park Jun Hyung , Wang Hee Myeong , Shin Min Hyeon , Lim Hyun‐Suk
Published: February 2021

Developing DNA‐encoded libraries of privileged scaffolds, such as pyrrolopyrimidines, is of great interest in drug discovery and chemical biology as a powerful tool to rapidly and inexpensively discover potent drug candidates. However, it is often challenging to construct such DNA‐encoded libraries because many reaction conditions are not compatible with DNA. Here, we describe the development of a convenient solid‐phase synthetic strategy that overcomes the current limitations and allows the efficient synthesis of a DNA‐encoded combinatorial library of structurally diverse tetra‐substituted pyrrolo[2,3‐d]pyrimidines.
Balloon versus self‐expandable transcatheter aortic valve implantation for bicuspid aortic valve stenosis: A meta‐analysis of observational studies
Authors: Sá Michel Pompeu B.O. , Simonato Matheus , Van den Eynde Jef , Cavalcanti Luiz Rafael P. , Alsagheir Ali , Tzani Aspasia , Fovino Luca Nai , Kampaktsis Polydoros N. , Gallo Michele , Laforgia Pietro L. , Ruhparwar Arjang , Weymann Alexander , Hirji Sameer A. , Kaneko Tsuyoshi , H. L. Tang Gilbert
Published: February 2021

Background

There is a rising trend for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in bicuspid aortic stenosis patients. Data on the use of self‐expandable (SEV) vs. balloon‐expandable (BEV) valves in these patients are scarce. Therefore, we systematically compared clinical outcomes in bicuspid aortic stenosis patients treated with SEV and BEV.

Methods

Data were extracted from PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL/CCTR, ClinicalTrials.gov, SciELO, LILACS, Google Scholar and reference lists of relevant articles. Eight studies published from 2013 to 2020 including a total of 1,080 patients (BEV: n = 620; SEV: n = 460) were selected. Primary endpoints were procedural, 30‐day and 1‐year mortality. Secondary endpoints were new pacemaker implantation, annular rupture, coronary obstruction, moderate‐to‐severe paravalvular leak, need of second valve, stroke and acute kidney injury.

Results

We found no statistically significant difference in mortality between patients treated with BEV vs. SEV during index procedure, at 30 days and at 1 year. BEVs showed a statistically significant higher risk of annulus rupture (2.5%) in comparison with SEV (0%) (OR 5.81 [95% CI, 3.78–8.92], p < .001). New generation BEVs were also associated with significantly less paravalvular leak when compared to new generation SEVs (OR 0.08 [95% CI, 0.02–0.35], p = .001).

Conclusions

This meta‐analysis of observational studies of TAVI for bicuspid valves, showed no difference in short‐ and mid‐term TAVI mortality with BEVs and SEVs. BEVs presented a higher risk of annular rupture in comparison with SEV.
Resistance to thyroid hormone caused by heterozygous mutation of thyroid hormone receptor B gene c.G1378A: Report of one Chinese pedigree and literature review
Authors: Huang Bingkun , Liu Changqin , Xiao Fangsen , Huang Peiying , Zeng Jinyang , Chen Zheng , Lin Mingzhu , Li Xuejun
Published: February 2021

The same thyroid hormone receptor B gene (THRB) mutation led to thyroid hormone resistance with different clinical manifestations in the kindreds.