bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI LINDI YANG DIFERMENTASI DENGAN AKTIFATOR MIKROORGANISME EM4 TERHADAP KEPADATAN SEL Chlorella sp.
Authors: Hadi Khairul , Rosyadi Rosyadi
Published: July 2024

Lindi merupakan cairan yang terbentuk dalam timbunan sampah yang kaya akan nutrisi dan dapat digunakan sebagai unsur hara untuk kultur mikroalga jenis Chlorella sp. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi lindi yang difermentasi dengan aktifator mikroorganisme EM4 terhadap kepadatan sel Chlorella sp. Design experiment yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan lima perlakuan dan tiga ulangan, yaitu P1 konsentrasi lindi 5%, P2 (10%), P3 (15%) P4 (20%), dan P5 (25%). Parameter yang diamati yaitu kepadatan sel, laju pertumbuhan spesifik, kadar nitrat dan fosfat, serta kualitas air (suhu, pH, dan oksigen terlarut). Data dianalisis dengan ANAVA menggunakan software SPSS 25. Kepadatan tertinggi diperoleh pada konsentrasi 25% sebesar 731,1 ± 2,55 ×104 sel mL-1, dengan puncak pertumbuhan pada hari ke-16. Kepadatan sel terendah pada konsentrasi 5% sebesar 256,4 ± 6,25 ×104 sel mL-1, dengan puncak pertumbuhan pada hari ke-6, laju pertumbuhan spesifik tertinggi pada konsentrasi lindi 5% sebesar 0,19 ± 0,00 sel mL-1 hari-1 dan terendah pada konsentrasi lindi 20% sebesar 0,08 ± 0,00 sel mL-1 hari-1. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa perbedaan konsentrasi lindi yang difermentasi dengan EM4 berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap produksi Chlorella sp.Leachate is a liquid formed in heaps of waste that is rich in nutrients and could be used to supply the required nutrients in microalgae cultures such as Chlorella sp. This experiment aimed to determine the effect of different concentrations of leachate fermented using EM4 microorganism activator on the cell density of Chlorella sp. The experimental design used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and three replications: P1 (5% leachate concentration), P2 (10%), P3 (15%), P4 (20%), and P5 (25%). The observed parameters were cell density, specific growth rate, nitrate and phosphate levels, and water quality (temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen). The data were analyzed using ANOVA using SPSS 25 software. The highest density of Chlorella sp. was 731.1 ± 2.55 ×104 cells mL-1obtained by P5 treatment recorded at the growth peak in the 16th day. The lowest cell density of Chlorella sp. was measured in P1 treatment at 256.4 ± 6.25 ×104 cells mL-1 during the growth peak on day 6th. The highest and lowest specific growth rates of Chlorella sp. were observed in P1 (0.19 ± 0.00 cells mL-1 day-1)and P4 treatments (0.08 ± 0.00 cells mL-1 day-1), respectively based on these results, this recent study concludes that the fermented leachate using EM4 is capable of suppying sufficient nutrient and thus has a very significant effect on the production of Chlorella sp.
Sentiment News in the Nigerian Reit Market: Source and its Dynamic Nature
Authors: Fateye Tosin Babatola , A. Ajayi Cyril , B. Peiser Richard
Published: July 2024

In this study, we assess the source and dynamic nature of sentiment news on the Nigerian REIT market. The study adopts direct survey method and the Nigerian stockbrokers were surveyed through close-end questionnaire instrument. The data collected were analysed by weighted mean score and stepwise regression model. The result showed that the prominent source of biased news in the property stock market is pronouncements/announcements on economic indices and capital markets. The REIT market is more active, with often buying decisions during the optimistic market mood driven by good news. The pessimism market condition is characterized by the decision to sell, often dominated by pessimistic investors; the optimistic investors take caution, leading to a dull market and low return on investment. Findings also revealed that sentiment news from pronouncements/announcements significantly explains the dynamic behaviour of investors during the optimistic market condition; the media/press report significantly explains investor behaviour towards property stock in the pessimism market condition. The study concluded that the need to examine irrational behaviour attributed to sentiment news is imperative to optimal investment decisions when thinking of investment in the REIT market.
L2 Spanish clitics among Brazilian Portuguese-speaking learners: the predictive role of lexical knowledge
Authors: Jimenez Abril , López Otero Julio César , DePue Isabella
Published: July 2024

We examined the acquisition of third-person accusative clitics (e.g., lo, la, los, las) in L2 Spanish among Brazilian Portuguese (BP) speakers. In BP, the animacy of the referent is the main feature constraining accusative pronoun use while, in Spanish, animacy does not affect clitic realization. We tested Lardiere’s (2008; 2009) Feature Reassembly Hypothesis (FRH), Schwartz & Sprouse’s (1996) Full Transfer/Full Access hypothesis (FT/FA), and the suitability of productive vocabulary knowledge as a proxy for overall proficiency and its predictive power for the acquisition of clitics. 74 BP-speaking L2 Spanish learners and a comparison group of 23 native Spanish speakers completed a language background questionnaire, a vocabulary test (Prueba Léxica de Español y Portugués/Prova Léxica de Espanhol e Português, PLEP), an elicited production task, and an acceptability judgment task. Only the L2 Spanish participants completed the tasks in both languages. Our findings are consistent with the FRH, showing that the participants successfully disassemble animacy features from their L1 when acquiring the non-animacy-driven clitics in Spanish. However, animacy effects were found in the L2 production data but not in their receptive grammatical knowledge. Furthermore, animacy effects were not dependent on proficiency as no interactions between these factors were found, thus rejecting the existence of a full transfer stage.
Vaginal Cuff Dehiscence after Robotic Hysterectomy in Endometrial Cancer vs. Non-Cancer Patients
Authors: Nichols Paige , Esposito Adrienne , Kolojeski Maria , Keomany Jennifer , Okut Hayrettin , Morgan Jacqueline , Miller Kevin
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Vaginal cuff dehiscence (CD) after hysterectomy is a relatively uncommon but potentially serious complication of robotic-assisted laparoscopic total hysterectomy (RLTH), which is performed for benign and malignant indications. This study aimed to determine if there is a difference in the incidence and risk factors of CD following RLTH among patients with endometrial cancer compared to patients without endometrial cancer.
Methods: This retrospective study included women 18 years or older who underwent RLTH performed by one of two surgeons from a single institution from 2013 through 2018. Patients who underwent conversion to laparotomy, chemotherapy and/or radiation within a year before or after RLTH, and with malignancies other than uterine cancer were excluded. Data were abstracted from patient medical records.
Results: Of 950 patients meeting inclusion criteria, 50.7% (n=482) had endometrial cancer. CD was reported in 2.5% (n=24) of all patients. While controlling for other variables, obese patients were 25.1% less likely than non-obese patients to experience CD (p=.011). Additionally, CD was 2.8 times more likely to occur when surgery was performed by surgeon A compared to surgeon B (p=0.027). No other variables (cancer status, age, sexual activity after surgery, distance from home to location of surgery, time interval from surgery to loss to follow-up) predicted CD.
Conclusions: Endometrial cancer patients were not at greater risk of experiencing CD compared to non-cancer patients. Surgeon differences and BMI were associated with incidence of CD, and patients with a normal BMI were most likely to report experiencing CD.
Цифровая трансформация государства и социально-­экономическое неравенство в кросс-­национальной перспективе
Authors: Кабанов Юрий Андреевич , Санина Анна Георгиевна , Стырин Евгений Михайлович
Published: July 2024

Взаимовлияние информационно-­коммуникационных технологий (ИКТ) и неравенства является растущей мультидисциплинарной областью исследований. Внедрение новых технологий, в частности в государственном секторе, часто сопровождается дискурсом относительно их позитивных социально-­экономических эффектов, однако выводы предыдущих эмпирических исследований пока не так однозначны: в них обнаруживается как положительное, так и отрицательное воздействие цифровой трансформации на социально-­экономическое неравенство. Зачастую такое влияние опосредуется другими переменными, например, качеством институциальной среды. Данная работа вносит вклад в эти исследования, предлагая кросс-­национальный эмпирический анализ влияния технологий электронного правительства и электронного участия на сокращение неравенства в предоставлении базовых государственных услуг по трем измерениям: доход, социальная группа и гендер. Исследование построено на данных ООН и проекта Varieties of Democracy (2008–2022 гг., 171 страна) с использованием корреляционного и регрессионного анализа. В работе сделан вывод о том, что показатели цифровой трансформации значимо и положительно коррелируют с индикаторами социально-­экономического равенства в доступе к государственным услугам. Неравенства меньше в странах с высоким уровнем развития электронных услуг и каналов онлайн-­участия граждан. При этом регрессионный анализ панельных данных с фиксированными эффектами не дает убедительных доказательств, что такая корреляция носит безусловный характер причинно-­следственной связи. Развитие технологий электронного правительства и электронного участия статистически значимо влияет на сокращение неравенства в доступе к услугам, связанного с доходами населения. Однако в случае с остальными измерениями неравенства (социальная группа, гендер) при контроле временных и страновых эффектов, а также институциальной среды, значимого эффекта не наблюдается. Полученные выводы могут свидетельствовать как о нехватке данных, так и о недостаточном трансформирующем влиянии ИКТ на социальные процессы. Расширение хронологических и географических рамок исследования, использование альтернативных измерений для переменных и других методов анализа (включая кейс-стади) являются дальнейшими шагами в изучении данной темы.
«Я как проводник между мирами»: профессиональный выбор взрослых детей глухих родителей
Authors: Малофеева Мария Вячеславовна , Большаков Никита Викторович
Published: July 2024

Слышащие дети глухих родителей (CODA) представляют собой уникальную социальную группу, процесс социализации которой проходит одновременно в двух культурах: слышащей и глухой. С одной стороны, такие дети усваивают знания, нормы и ценности сообщества глухих, в том числе через владение жестовым языком, который для некоторых из них становится первым языком общения. С другой стороны, им приходится взаимодействовать со слышащим большинством в процессе образования, общения с окружающими или перевода для родителей. Эта амбивалентность может как представлять возможности для получения уникального профессионального опыта, так и выступать в качестве дополнительного барьера при выборе профессии. Данное исследование посвящено анализу того, как опыт социализации в качестве CODA влияет на профессиональный выбор людей, выросших в таких семьях. Основу анализа составляют 17 полуструктурированных интервью: 15 со слышащими взрослыми, выросшими в семьях глухих родителей, в возрасте от 18 до 34 лет, различных профессий, пола и образования, а также два экспертных интервью. Исследование показало, что первый профессиональный выбор CODA часто происходит под влиянием латентной власти родителей, которые транслируют негативные установки по отношению к профессиям, связанным c сообществом глухих, воспринимая их как непрестижные и малооплачиваемые. Тем не менее для CODA характерен также второй профессиональный выбор в пользу таких профессий, как сурдопедагог, юрист для глухих, переводчик РЖЯ ‒ своего рода «возвращение домой» в культуру глухих и принятие роли посредника между глухим и слышащим сообществами. Непосредственный опыт перевода РЖЯ в детстве, будь он воспринят позитивно или негативно, не играет определяющую роль в профессиональном выборе CODA. Вместо этого ключевым фактором «возвращения» становится стремление сохранить связь с культурой глухих.
García-Jiménez, Leonarda, Huertas-Bailén, Amparo y Vera-Balanza, Teresa (Eds) (2023). Herta Herzog y «La experiencia prestada». La fundación de los estudios de comunicación y audiencias. Comunicación Social Ediciones y Publicaciones
Authors: Pineda Antonio
Published: July 2024

Este libro tiene como objetivo reivindicar la figura de la psicóloga social Herta Herzog en los estudios de comunicación, y reflejar sus numerosas aportaciones como investigadora pionera en el estudio de las audiencias y los seriales radiofónicos y televisivos. La obra destaca asimismo el rol de la autora como precursora del enfoque de usos y gratificaciones, y su trabajo en el ámbito de la investigación de mercados. El libro denuncia la escasez de rastros de “La experiencia prestada” (un artículo clave de Herzog) en el mundo académico hispanohablante, planteándose así como una forma de restituir esta injusticia epistémica.
Pooled, Growth-Based Assays v1
Authors: Ross David
Published: July 2024

This protocol outlines a pooled, growth-based assay for measuring the fitness of a library of variants in E.Coli. This protocol defines paths for either: only measuring a pool of control variants or an entire library of variants pooled in addition to the controls. The inputs for this protocol are: 1) barcoded normalization variants, 2) barcoded calibration variants, and depending on the branch taken 3) a pooled library of barcoded variants containing 100,000-500,000 members as well. The protocol begins with several growths which convert the separate glycerol stocks into pooled cultures that have reach stationary phase in a 96-well plate. The glycerol stocks are first grown overnight in separate tubes and flasks. The next morning, the optical density (OD) of each culture is measured, after which all cultures are pooled into a single flask and grown for 4-5 hours to achieve one doubling. The OD of this pooled culture is then measured again before distributing it into a 96-well growth plate. This plate is placed in a plate reader/incubator to grow to stationary phase (~12 hours) without antibiotics or additives (except those required for plasmid maintenance). These cultures are then used as an input for the next growth cycle (i.e., timepoint 1), explained in further detail in the next section. The 4 subsequent growth cycles (i.e., timepoints 1-4) will produce culture samples that will eventually be sequenced and used in the fitness calculation. These growth cycles (i.e., timepoints 1-4) are all ~3 hours long, so that cells stay in mid-log phase. At the end of each growth cycle, a small amount of each culture acts as input for the subsequent growth cycle, while the remaining culture is processed for downstream measurement (see the Notes section below for details on subsequent steps). The media for the first of these 4 growth cycles (i.e., timepoint 1) contains only additives to initiate gene expression (i.e., inducers), but no selection antibiotic. The media for the following 3 growth cycles contain both the additives and the selection antibiotic. Notes: Throughout all growths involving 96-well plates, OD and fluorescent measurements are recommended to be taken every 5 minutes and at the end of each growth plate's incubation. The OD measured at the end of each ~3 hour growth should be constant or just slightly decreasing across timepoints 1-4. Immediately after each growth plate is done incubating and a sample from each well has been transferred to the next growth plate, perform a DNA extraction protocol on the remaining culture in each well. After DNA extraction is complete for each timepoint, you can proceed to the Automated Bar-Seq Library Preparation and Pooling protocol
Signs of an Enmeshed Relationship: Motivations and Outcomes of Social Networking Sites Password Sharing among Emerging Adult Men
Authors: Gutierrez J.P.G. , Aledia A.J.D. , Guevarra G.G. , Jasa J.R.A. , Villanueva D.M. , Tan K.S.
Published: July 2024

Objectives. The purpose of the study is to provide depth and analysis in understanding the reasons and outcomes of password sharing in the context of men's perception. The study will show a general idea of what phenomenon could occur if emerging adults decide to share a password with their partner.
Background. The campaign on securing one’s own password on one’s social media accounts has supposedly reached everyone. However, emerging adult men do share their password, either they initiated the password sharing or as a response to their partner’s demands. Despite the status of couples sharing passwords, there is a dearth of study exploring the reasons and perceived consequences of emerging adult men on password sharing.
Study design. This study investigated the phenomenon of password sharing among emerging adult men’s heterosexual relationships, thus a phenomenological design was used. Themes were extracted from interview transcripts via theoretically flexible thematic analysis.
Participants. 20 male heterosexual adult Filipinos aged (21 to 24 years old) who are in monogamous relationships (M = 22,3; SD = 0,73).
Measurements. Semi-structured interview was used in the data collection. With the elements of both structured and unstructured interview, the researchers garnered comparable and reliable data while also being able to pose extra queries to gain deeper insight about password sharing.
Results. The researchers found that the sharing of passwords between couples can be motivated by both personal and relational motivators. Furthermore, it was also found that password sharing in relationships has both detrimental impact and constructive consequences on their relationship and their own personal lives. Conclusion. This study entails that password sharing, as have been foreseen by agencies that campaigns for it, has its detrimental consequences both for the relationship and their personal boundaries. Nonetheless, password sharing had constructive consequences such as relief from relationship anxieties, and increased understanding of their partner’s social circles.
The Digital Environment as a Space for Developing the Psyche of a Modern Person
Authors: Sheinov V.P.
Published: July 2024

The book summarizes the results of modern scientific research on the issues of changes in human mental functioning caused by its interaction with digital technologies.
Krypton in modern high-purity gas storage systems
Authors: Fedorov Aleksandr V. , Kupriyanov Maksim Yu.
Published: July 2024

Krypton is a significant natural resource with great importance for modern industry, medicine, and science. This article considers the issue of preserving the purity of this inert gas of various grades, describes the main processes that can affect the amount of impurities in krypton, and highlights its current applications. Experimental data aimed at elaborating questions about the methodology of surface preparation before contact with high-purity krypton are presented. Moreover, the amount of impurities from the time of container preparation for gas grade 5.8 is evaluated, and dependences of moisture content on the method of preparation and type of surface, which is in contact with high-purity gas, are obtained. Further, statistics on filling containers with argon grade 6.0 and its preliminary preparation are collected. For parameter estimation, cylinders with different types of surfaces are used, both unused and with a service life of more than 10 years. The paper shows various parameters that can affect the purity of krypton. Thanks to the data collected during the experiments, the requirements for future works can be adjusted.
Efficiency Study of a Natural Gas Liquefier Using Precooling Driven by Organic Rankine Cycle
Authors: Maslikova Sofia V. , Krotov Alexander S. , Kosenko Georgii M. , Sitnikov Pavel R. , Novikov Vsevolod O.
Published: July 2024

Technical and energy analyses of small-scale liquefied natural gas (LNG) plants using a precooling cycle based on the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) were conducted. The first step of the research included modeling and optimization of the natural gas mixed-refrigerant (MR) liquefaction cycle with propane vapor-compression cycle (VCR) precooling. Calculations were used to determine the value of heat and energy flows under various environmental conditions. The second step of the research included a simulation of ORC cycles using values of high-potential heat obtained earlier. The minimum possible cooling temperature was determined as the intersection point between the required cooling capacity and the possible cooling capacity of the ORC–VCR system. Performance data of ORC–VCR-type refrigerators using natural refrigerants were obtained and analyzed, and optimal operational modes were determined. The applicability of the ORC–VCR type refrigerators was considered using obtained data. The potential cost–benefit of the ORC–VCR systems was compared with those of traditional propane VCR systems.
AIMS: Feasibility study of ORC–VCR systems for the preliminary cooling of an autonomous small-scale plant for natural gas liquefaction plants.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Natural gas liquefaction cycles and ORC–VCR cycles were simulated using the Aspen HYSYS software. Further optimization and parameter selection were performed using the MATLAB module Global Optimization Toolbox.
RESULTS: The cost–benefit value of the ORC–VCR precooling systems compared with the classic propane VCR refrigerators was found to be up to 15%, depending on the type of the Rankine cycle used and the type of working substance.
CONCLUSIONS: The authors analyzed the feasibility of ORC–VCR systems for the preliminary cooling of autonomous small-scale LNG plants. The application of ORC–VCR refrigerators using high-potential heat of exhaust gases from a diesel generator or an electric generator reduced the consumption of natural gas and specific costs of LNG production. The cost–benefit value compared with those of classic propane VCR refrigerators was up to 15%, depending on the type of the Rankine cycle used and the type of working substance.
Resilient Supply Chains: Strategies for Managing Disruptions in a Globalized Economy
Authors: Karanam Raghunath Kashyap , Sachani Dipakkumar Kanubhai , Natakam Vineel Mouli , Natakam Vineel Mouli , Yarlagadda Vamsi Krishna , Kothapalli Kanaka Rakesh Varma
Published: July 2024

This paper investigates methods for creating robust supply chains in a worldwide economy in light of growing disruptions. The primary goals were to evaluate supply chain resilience through integrating sustainable practices, investigate the impact of new technology, and explore solutions for diversification. A thorough analysis of case studies and literature regarding methodology was carried out, emphasizing secondary data sources from government publications, business reports, and scholarly journals. Significant research indicates that diversifying suppliers, production sites, and logistical routes can reduce the risks associated with localized interruptions. Proactive risk management requires enhanced visibility, predictive analytics, and operational efficiency, which may be achieved by integrating technologies like AI, IoT, blockchain, and cloud computing. Furthermore, integrating sustainability through ethical, sustainable sourcing, and resource-efficient methods reduces environmental and societal dangers and improves brand reputation and economic viability. The policy implications emphasize the need for frameworks that foster technology innovation, sustainability, and stakeholder collaboration. By implementing these tactics and resolving related issues, companies can construct flexible supply networks to sustain operations and competitiveness amidst fluctuations in the worldwide market.
Handbook of Management and Rehabilitation of Spinal Cord Injuries
Authors: Kumari Dr. V. V. Manjula , Kauser Dr. Mohammed Sheeba , Syamala Dr. Ananta Lakshmi Prasanna
Published: July 2024

Comprehensive Coverage: The book provides an all-encompassing resource on spinal cord injury care, from acute management to long-term rehabilitation, making it a valuable reference for both new and experienced healthcare professionals.
Interdisciplinary Insights: With contributions from a range of specialists, the handbook offers a multidisciplinary perspective, ensuring well-rounded understanding of SCI management and the importance of team-based care.
Evidence-Based Practices: By integrating the latest research and clinical guidelines, the book ensures that readers are equipped with the most current and effective strategies for treating and rehabilitating SCI patients.
Practical Application: The detailed rehabilitation protocols and actionable techniques provided in the book enable healthcare providers to apply practical solutions in their clinical practice, enhancing patient outcomes.
Holistic Approach: The emphasis on psychosocial aspects and patient-centered care helps healthcare professionals address the mental and emotional needs of SCI patients, promoting overall well-being and better quality of life.
Future-Oriented Content: The exploration of emerging therapies and innovations in SCI treatment keeps readers informed about the latest advancements and future directions in the field, preparing them for upcoming developments in SCI care.
Text Book of Medicinal Chemistry-III for the Students of B.Pharm 6th Semester
Authors: Kemisetti Dr. Durga Prasad
Published: July 2024

Scope

This subject is designed to impart fundamental knowledge on the structure, chemistry and therapeutic value of drugs.
The subject emphasis on modern techniques of rational drug design like quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR), Prodrug concept,  ombinatorial chemistry and Computer aided drug design (CADD).
The subject also emphasizes on the chemistry, mechanism of action, metabolism, adverse effects, Structure Activity Relationships (SAR), therapeutic uses and synthesis of important drugs.

Outcomes- Upon completion of the course students shall be able:

To understand the importance of drug design and different techniques of drug design.
To understand the chemistry of drugs with respect to their biological activity.
Know the metabolism, adverse effects and therapeutic value of drugs.
Know the importance of SAR of drugs.
Eleonora Ye. Kormysheva: Near the Pyramids of Giza and Meroe (An Interview). Part 2
Authors: Smagina Eugenia
Published: July 2024

An interview with the famous Egyptologist, Oriental historian, and head of the archaeological expedition in Giza (Egypt) of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor Eleonora Ye. Kormysheva, was prepared as а part of the project “Russian Oriental Studies — Oral History” of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, supervised by Dr. Valentin Ts. Golovachev, who publishes the authoritative series “Russian Sinology — Oral History” and “Russian Oriental Studies — Oral History”. The interviewers are interested in the expeditionary activities of Professor Kormysheva and her colleagues and an assessment of the formation and development of Egyptology and Sudanese studies as an Orientalist specialty in modern Russia and abroad.
Once Again on the Historicity of the Shroud of Turin: A Burial Shroud or a Product of High Technology?
Authors: Dubrovskaya Dinara V.
Published: July 2024

Funeral shroud kept in the Cathedral of St. John the Baptist in Turin, represents the quintessence of humanitarian and natural science issues related to Christian monuments. A seemingly ordinary artifact — a linen shroud, with a confidently traced provenance stretching at least from the time of the 4th Crusade, does not lose its position as the holder of the title of the most mysterious object of the Christian world — the burial shroud of Jesus Christ (?). The paper describes the history of the artifact, its photographic fixation and subsequent natural scientific study, the rich legendary background of the acquisition of the sindon and the main contradictions that worry the academic and theological community in connection with the imprint (or image) of a man on the fabric of the shroud.
From the Delta to The Delta: Natural Conditions and Settlers on the Main Nile in the Fifth Millennium B. C. Part IV (Conclusive)
Authors: Proussakov Dmitry
Published: July 2024

The Gezira at the confluence of the White and Blue Nile in Sudan today accounts for more than a third of the country’s gross national product thanks to the creation here, on the base of the Sennar storage reservoir, of an extensive network of irrigation channels watering an area of about a million hectares. The Gezira irrigation system is located over dried riverbeds of the early and middle Holocene, which built the inner delta of the Blue Nile where almost two meters of fertile clay soils were deposited. This delta started to form around 12,500–12,000 uncal yr BP and reached 8000–6000 uncal yr BP a physical state most favorable to the life of people and the development of a productive economy (cattle breeding). It was towards this delta that the Early Khartoum tradition may have already gravitated, replaced by Khartoum Neolithic whose most famous sites are concentrated between the northern edge of the Gezira and the Sixth Cataract and are only slightly distributed downstream of the Main Nile. With the establishment of the modern mouth of the Blue Nile at Khartoum after 6000 uncal yr BP ≈ 4879 BC, the inner delta in the Gezira ceased to exist while from the 6th millennium BC the formation of the Delta began in Egypt, where cattle breeding emerged on vast flooded pastures. In the 5th millennium BC, agriculture arose in the Egyptian Nile Valley. The transition to a productive economy in the riverine Egypt was caused by the deposition of fertile alluvial soils in its floodplains, the beginning of which coincided and, apparently, was in direct relationship with the death of the inner Blue Nile delta in the Sudanese Gezira.
FORECASTING THE ESTIMATED LIFE OF GTE PARTS BASED ON THE IMPACT OF ANALYTICAL AND OPERATIONAL FACTORS
Authors: Pakhomenkov Aleksandr V. , Bukatyy Stanislav A.
Published: July 2024

This paper considers a life analysis method applying to GTE parts and based on low-cycle fatigue endurance of parts with due account of analytical and operational factors. Using life analysis for a disk of the first stage of a low-pressure compressor as an example, it is shown that the current strength factors underestimate calculated cyclic lives over 4 times.
Reference shape of bodies with enhanced kinematics. Part II. Second gradient and microstructure
Authors: Koifman K. G.
Published: July 2024

The work develops differential-geometric methods for modeling finite incompatible deformations of hyperelastic solids with enhanced kinematics. The response of such bodies, along with the standard kinematic field represented by the deformation gradient, is characterized by additional tensor fields. As such, the paper considers: 1) the second deformation gradient and 2) the tensor field of the second rank, modeling the microstructure of the body. For each of these two cases, compatibility conditions are obtained and their geometric interpretation is proposed. Geometry is synthesized on the material manifold representing a body with enhanced kinematics. The corresponding affine connection has non-zero torsion and curvature, which can be useful for modeling a body with dislocations and disclinations.
Russia and China: Motives, Opportunities, and Risks of Technological Partnership
Authors: Barinova V. А. , Zemtsov S. P. , Levakov P. A.
Published: July 2024

After external trade restrictions were imposed on Russia and China in recent years, their access to foreign technologies decreased. This created new incentives for scientific and technological partnership between the two countries. In addition, an analysis of strategic documents indicates that the US and the EU are likely to increase economic and technological pressure in the future. This article analyzes China’s experience in shoring up technological sovereignty under sanctions, an exercise which can be instructive for many countries. China’s long-term scientific and technological policy follows a catch-up development model, which has enabled a transition from borrowing simple technologies via specialized institutions (joint ventures, special economic zones, etc.) to global leadership in R&D and technologies that has been made possible through developing human capital and applying preferential treatment to local innovative businesses. Although Russia is one of the world’s leading scientific and technological centers, to some extent it lags in developing high-tech businesses and exports. Moreover, for some time it has been importing advanced products and technologies, some of which are now being quickly replaced by Chinese versions as Western companies have exited. The article applies a SWOT analysis to Russian-Chinese scientific and technological cooperation in order to highlight the benefits of this collaboration, especially concerning machine tools, microelectronics, and aerospace. The benefits from such partnership will materialize for most high-tech industries over the long run by means of joint scientific research. However, one cannot ignore the risks for Russia due to increased technological dependence on a single partner and the potential outflow of personnel and technology, as well as risks for China related to potential secondary sanctions.
Behavior of Economic Agents With Bounded Rationality in a Semi-open New Keynesian Model
Authors: Serkov L. A.
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the article is to analyze the behavior of economic agents with limited rationality in a New Keynesian model which postulates that imported equipment and technology are one of the factors of production and that households consume only domestic products. Economic agents’ expectations are based on stationary values for the output gap and inflation and also on extrapolation of the latest available data on these variables. The weighted shares of agents applying these rules change endogenously. Histograms of the frequency distribution of the degree of optimism and the impulse responses of monetary policy shocks and technology shocks to the variables under study indicate that a less open economy tends to undergo an economic cycle with a smaller amplitude than a more rigid economy. An analysis of the trade-offs between inflation volatility and the output gap established their non-linear nature (in contrast to standard models with rational expectations). The results from analysis of trade-offs was that stabilization of inflation in models with limited rational expectations requires an increased interest rate reaction compared to a similar reaction for a model in which agents have rational expectations. The results obtained may be useful in designing monetary policy to stabilize inflation and output gaps.
Differentials in Countries’ Total Factor Productivity and the Factors Influencing Them
Authors: Radygin A. D. , Abramov A. E. , Chernova M. I.
Published: July 2024

The diminishing potential for enhancing productive resources in order to sustain economic growth demands greater emphasis on how efficiently they are used as measured by total factor productivity (TFP). Long-term trends, differences between countries, and macro-level factors were assessed using qualitative and quantitative analysis of economic and financial indicators for a sample of 74 countries from 1978 to 2022. The article confirms that Russia and most other countries have been experiencing a steady downturn in total factor productivity. In some cases, productivity has been falling since the 2008 global financial crisis because key factors changed in the post-crisis period. In particular, growth of TFP has become correlated with increasing fixed investment, a high level of domestic financial development and protection of property rights, and limitation of state intervention in the economy, as well as with following a model of capitalism that allows for a moderate level of state ownership. Those developing countries of Central and Eastern Europe that have consistently implemented market-oriented reforms have also been able to sustain growth. The increasing importance of highly country-specific variables suggests that countries are trying to make greater use of domestic economic policies to support TFP growth and thus counteract the global productivity decline observed by many economists. Although individual countries may succeed in maintaining their growth, such measures are not sufficient to prevent a global slowdown.
A powerful electrochemical supercapacitor on carbon nanotubes
Authors: Vol'fkovich Y. M. ,   Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry of A. N. Frumkina of RAS, Rychagov A. Y. , Sosenkin V. E. , Krestinin A. V. ,   Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry of A. N. Frumkina of RAS,   Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry of A. N. Frumkina of RAS,   Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics of RAS
Published: July 2024

On base of voltammetric and chronovoltametric researches is carried out comparison of energy – power characteristics of electrodes made from single walls carbon nano- tubes (SWCNT) and from meso- porous carbon activated of FAS trade mark. High reversibility the charge processes for SWCNT it is discovered. The value of the interval of electrolyte decomposition potentials for SWCNT in sulfuric acid solutions exceeds 1.4 V. It is offered the power electrochemical superсapacitor, having specific power 20 kW/kg and specific energy 1 Wh/kg. These values of specific power in 4 -10 once exceed the corresponding values for electrochemical superсapacitors with electrodes on base of activated carbons. SWCNT possesses much greater corrosion resistance and more high a water decomposition voltage in contrast with carbon of FAS.
Examination and diagnostics of lithium power sources by means of electrochemical noises
Authors: Kanevskii L. S. ,   Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry of A. N. Frumkina of RAS
Published: July 2024

Using the method of electrochemical noise the processes proceeding on no polarized Li electrode in a stationary condition and during its polarization in different aprotic organic electrolytes are investigated. By the analysis of Li electrode noise characteristics it is confirmed, that electrochemical process at cathodic and anode polarization is localized under passivated film. In the course of study of electrochemical noise of Li electrode is established the correlation between intensity of potential fluctuations and stability of a Li electrode in a course of its cycling. It is shown, that low intensity of electrochemical noise is characteristic for systems with high lithium cycling efficiency and absence of dendrites. This offers the possibility of using the method of electrochemical noises for express-screening of organic electrolytes for rechargeable batteries with negative electrode of metal lithium.
The Constitutional Value of the Right to Vote Revisited
Authors: Bobrova Natalya A. ,   Professor of the Department of Constitutional and Administrative Law of the Togliatti State University, Honored Lawyer of the Russian Federation
Published: July 2024

Lawyer of the Russian Federation, LL.D., Professor The correlation between the moral, ethical and legal characteristics of active suffrage, between the constitutional duty and the obligation to defend the Fatherland is considered. It is proposed to consider the exercise of the right to vote as the realization of the constitutional duty of a citizen of Russia to defend the Fatherland (Part 1 of Article 59 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation).
On the Constitutional Implementation of Some Provisions of the Eurasian Doctrine
Authors: Yusubov Elman S. ,   Associate Professor of the Law Institute of the Tomsk State University, Honored Lawyer of the Russian Federation, PhD (Law), Associate Professor
Published: July 2024

In the article, the author analyzes certain provisions of the Eurasian idea in the historical and constitutional-legal context. The author believes that the Eurasian idea as an independent scientific direction has its own perspective and further constitutional and legal implementation. The article draws attention to the harmony of the Eurasian doctrine and modern constitutional development. It is argued that certain provisions of the Eurasian idea can be recognized as demanded political and legal doctrines in the state development of Russia in the past and in our time.
Obligations in the Mechanism of Financial Law Regulation
Authors: Vasyanina Elena L. ,   Leading Research Scientist of the Department of Administrative Law and Administrative Procedure
Published: July 2024

One of the achievements of the modern theory of financial law is the recognition of the obligatory nature of financial legal relations that ensure the development of the financial mechanism of the state. Based on research into the legal nature of financial obligations, legislation, as well as law enforcement practice, the author identifies a number of problems that require resolution, including: the lack of criteria for the application of private law mechanisms in financial relations; insufficient conditions for the fulfillment of financial obligations that contribute to strengthening guarantees for the protection of a person’s right to manage finances, the development of investment activity of business entities, control over the movement of capital, etc. Formulates conclusions that may be important for the development of financial and legal science and serve as directions for the development of financial legislation.
Chemical Strengthening of Soda Lime Glasses via Ion Exchange Method
Authors: Yanık Simay , Arslan Mehtap , Kartal Sireli Güldem
Published: July 2024

The aim of this study is to improve the mechanical properties of glasses by the chemical strengthening method via the ion-exchange technique. For this purpose, KNO3 salt baths were utilized for commercial soda-lime glasses. The diffusion-controlled strengthening mechanism is based on creating the compressive stress on the surface of glass by displacing the larger potassium ions with sodium ions. SEM-EDS line scan and XRF analysis, four-point bending, and Vickers hardness tests were performed for the structural and mechanical characterization of ion-exchanged glasses. The optimization of parameters led to a treatment duration of 24 hours at 400°C, resulting in a penetration depth of K+ ions reaching 85 µm. After ion exchange process, the improvement in the hardness, fracture toughness as well as bending strength values ​​of the glasses was observed. The strengthened glasses exhibited notable enhancements in mechanical properties, specifically, hardness increased from 517 HV to 612 HV, and the fracture toughness increased to 3.14 MPa.m1/2 compared to the untreated glass, which displayed the fracture toughness of 1.09 MPa.m1/2. Furthermore, the bending strength of treated specimens significantly improved to 421.6 MPa, representing a five-fold increase over the untreated sample's bending strength of 79 MPa.
Implementing Learning Analytics in Norway
Authors: Wasson Barbara , Giannakos Michail , Blikstad-Balas Marte , Uppstad Per Henning , Langford Malcom , Bøhn Einar Duenger
Published: July 2024

In June 2022, the Norwegian Expert Commission on Learning Analytics delivered an interim report to the Norwegian Minister of Education and Research. Motivated by the need to establish a solid foundation upon which to regulate and promote the use of learning analytics in the Norwegian educational sector, the Ministry asked the Expert Commission to investigate the relevant pedagogical, ethical, legal, and privacy issues. Addressing primary, secondary, higher, and vocational education, the interim report surveys the field of learning analytics and the regulatory environment across the contexts and analyzes its challenges and opportunities for Norwegian education. Four dilemmas — data, learning, governance, and competence — signal where greater knowledge, awareness, and reflection are needed, as well as the nature of necessary policy and regulatory choices. In this practical report, we offer insights on the use, development, and regulation of LA in different countries, describe the Expert Commission mandate, work method, and dilemmas, and conclude with a reflection on the relationship between research on learning analytics and the challenges that arise when implementing learning analytics in practice. This practical report is relevant for those interested in developing policies or practices surrounding the use of learning analytics at the local or national level.
The Role of Information Communications in the Educational Environment of Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Shetelia Nataliia , Apshay Fedir , Telep Oksana , Ahiy Yaroslav , Maslov Valerii
Published: July 2024

In a rapidly evolving world with advancing technology and digital tools, understanding the role of information communications in higher education has become highly relevant. This study aims to determine the impact of information communications on the educational process and student communication and proceeds from the need to understand this impact in the context of the growing digitalization of society. The research objective was accomplished through the utilization of an analytical approach, involving the examination of available data and relevant literature in the field. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were employed to analyze the data, enabling the formulation of impartial conclusions regarding the influence of information communications on the higher education institution’s educational environment. The main results found that using information communications in higher education had a positive impact, including the creation of interactive learning materials that engaged students and boosted motivation. Virtual communication and knowledge sharing also enhanced students’ communication skills for their future careers.
Development of Soil Test Crop Response (Stcr) and Stcr-Integrated Plant Nutrition Supply (Ipns) Models to Achieve Targeted Yields of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Vertisols of Northern Karnataka
Authors: Reddy K. Jaisimha , Chandrashekara C.P. , Rajyalakshmi B. , Biradar D.P. , Rajakumar G.R. , Kanannavar P.S.
Published: July 2024

Background: Soil test crop response (STCR) approach assists in determining the appropriate amount of fertilizer to use for particular season and location based on the initial soil fertility status and crop response in terms of nutrient uptake and yield. A field experiment was conducted during 2020-21 at Dharwad, by adopting the Inductive Cum Targeted Yield Model to develop soil test-based fertilizer prescriptions under STCR and STCR-IPNS approach to achieve desired target yields of maize in vertisols of Northern Karnataka, India. Methods: In the experiment’s first phase, an exhaust crop fodder maize was grown in three different fertility strips. After the harvest of fodder maize, the soil fertility levels varied significantly among the strips, indicating the creation of fertility gradients. In the second phase of the experiment, a test crop (hybrid maize) was grown and the response of maize to four levels of N, P and K and three levels of FYM under different fertility gradients was studied. The basic parameters viz, nutrient requirement (NR), contribution of nutrients from soil (Cs), fertilizers (Cf) and FYM (Cfym) were computed using the data from test crop experiment. The basic parameters viz, nutrient requirement (NR), contribution of nutrients from soil (Cs), fertilizers (Cf) and FYM (Cfym) were computed using the data from test crop experiment. Result: Using the basic parameters, fertilizer prescription equations for desired yield targets of maize under NPK fertilizers alone and under STCR-IPNS (with FYM) were derived based on initial soil test values. Results of the validation experiment in kharif 2021 revealed that the grain yield was significantly higher under STCR-IPNS equation with a target yield of 100 q ha-1 as compared to other treatments. STCR-IPNS equation with the application of FYM to achieve 100 q ha-1 target yield resulted in savings of 11, 10 and 15 percent of N, P2O5 and K2O as compared to STCR-NPK alone equation.