bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prognostic significance and immunological role of HPRT1 in human cancers
Authors: Lu Yiwen , Chen Ruixue , Zhang Han , Sun Xu , Li Xiangjun , Yang Mengyuan , Zhang Xudong
Published: December 2023

Hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase 1 (HPRT1), once considered a housekeeping gene, has been identified as playing an important role in several tumors. Its role in pan-cancer, however, has not been systematically studied. This study evaluates the relationship between HPRT1 and clinical parameters, survival prognosis, and tumor immunity based on multi omics data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Drug sensitivity analysis screened 16 effective drugs against HPRT1, exploring the interactions with chemicals and genes. The significance of HPRT1 in tumor immunotherapy has also been investigated. Immunohistochemistry confirmed significant differences in the expression of HPRT1 between five tumor types (colon adenocarcinoma [COAD], head-neck squamous cell carcinoma [HNSC], lung adenocarcinoma [LUAD], thyroid carcinoma [THCA], and uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma [UCEC]) and adjacent normal tissues (P < 0.05). HPRT1 competitive endogenous RNA network was constructed in HNSC. Through cytological experiments, it was verified that HPRT1 plays a carcinogenic role in HNSC and is associated with tumor cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between HPRT1 and programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) expression in HNSC (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that HPRT1 may be a potential biomarker for predicting and treating cancer.
Matematik ve Sanat Etkileşimi Üzerine Bir İnceleme: Resim Kompozisyonlarında Geometrik Çözümlemeler
Authors: KUŞ Mehtap , DEMİR YILMAZ Ece Nur
Published: December 2023

Matematik ve sanat disiplinlerinin yüzyıllardır etkileşim içinde olduğu bilinmektedir. Sanat tarihinin farklı dönemlerinde resim sanatında matematiksel yaklaşımların çeşitli örnekleriyle karşılaşılmaktadır. Sanatın ilkelerini matematik disiplini etkisinde kullanmak ve sanat eserlerinin kompozisyonlarında geometriden faydalanmak gibi konular sanatçıların eser üretiminde etkili olmuştur. Özellikle sanat eserlerinin kompozisyonlarının geometriden faydalanılarak oluşturulması, eserin kompozisyon düzeni konusunda geometrik incelemelere olanak sunmuştur. Bu çalışma, matematik ve sanat disiplinlerinin etkileşimi bağlamında, klasik sanat döneminde üretilen resim kompozisyonlarının geometrik analizine yönelik çalışmaları ve bu konudaki eleştirel çalışmaları sunmaktadır. Çalışma, resim kompozisyonlarının analizinde kullanılan başlıca geometrik kavramları beş kategoride sınıflandırmıştır: (1) altın oran ve altın dikdörtgen; (2) müzikal uyum oranları ve diğer temel oranlar; (3) rabatment kullanımı; (4) geometrik şekillerin kullanımı ve inşası, (5) dinamik elemanların kullanımı (örneğin, dinamik simetri, dinamik müzikal uyum oranları, köşegensel/diyagonal kompozisyonlar, kıvrımlı eğri). Bu çalışma, aynı zamanda, resimlerin geometrik çözümlenmesine ilişkin kritik konuları ve kaygıları da gündeme getirerek bu çözümlemeler konusunda genellemeler yapılırken dikkatli olunması gerektiğini vurgulamaktadır. Ayrıca çalışma günümüzde kompozisyonların geometrik çözümlenmesinde resim ve matematik disiplinleri arasındaki kopukluğun nedenlerini tartışarak bu konuda iki disiplin arasındaki sürekliliği geliştirmenin yollarını önermektedir. Bu çalışmanın matematik ve sanat eğitimi programlarının tasarımına yönelik çalışmalara ışık tutacağı düşünülmektedir.
Cryoprotection of Mouse Brain v1
Authors: Zane Asta , J Corbin-Stein Nicole , Childers Gabrielle , Webster Jhodi , Yang Vickie , Won Woong-Jai , Gupta Rajesh , Harms Ashley
Published: December 2023

This protocol allows for accurate cryoprotection of mouse brain, post-perfusions, to be used for histology. The methods utilize another PFA fixation step followed by sucrose incubation.
The Impact of a Vision Intervention on Translation and Interpretation Students’ L2 Motivation
Authors: Carcamo Benjamin , Carmona Carmen
Published: December 2023

Visionary teaching interventions have had a positive impact on developing and strengthening students’ ideal L2 self and motivated behavior. However, research on the effects of this kind of intervention on the motivation of translation and interpretation students is scarce. Using a mixed methods approach, the study aimed to evaluate the impact of a semester-long intervention, focused on translation and interpretation students’ future professional careers, on their motivation, intended effort, and willingness to communicate. The participants were translation and interpretation students with a B1 level of English, who were divided in two groups for the study. The treatment group received a vision intervention (N=14) whereas the control group (N=14) did not. To measure the differences in motivation before and after the intervention, a questionnaire was used. Additionally, a semi-structured interview was used to explore in greater depth the students’ perceptions of the experience. The results of this study reveal that visionary teaching increased both ideal L2 self and intended effort of students. Furthermore, it showed that the intervention was memorable for students and that it benefited them in establishing a future L2 professional vision as well as outlining the steps to achieve it. Our findings suggest the importance of including visionary teaching in translation and interpretation programs so that students can become motivated and involved in their future professional paths.
Atuação da clínica jurídica Cravinas no enfrentamento às violações de direitos sexuais e reprodutivos durante a pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Dantas Ana Carolina Lessa , Silvino Paris Mariana , Lemos Cavalcanti Clarissa , Rondon Rossi Louzada Gabriela , Batalha Lima Maria Eduarda
Published: December 2023

Objective: to explore the potential actions of intervention by a legal clinic focusing on human rights in the context of a health emergency with severe repercussions for vulnerable women and girls. Methods: the research adopts a case study approach, examining the activities of Cravinas, an extension project at the University of Brasilia (UnB) that operates as a pro bono office specializing in sexual and reproductive rights. The investigation specifically delves into Cravinas' initiatives during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: the profound health crisis induced by COVID-19 prompted Cravinas to realign its priorities, emphasizing healthcare under open attack by the federal government. The clinic's interventions were centered around providing access to information, delivering health and rights training, and engaging in strategic litigation. These strategies collectively constituted a conscientious and committed effort to defend populations that historically found themselves outside the ambit of public policy priorities. Conclusion: in the face of a crisis, legal clinics possess the potential to propose counter-hegemonic urgencies, offering responses to challenges and providing support for individuals not prioritized in public policies linked to the pandemic.
Received: 30/04/23|Review: 08/10/23|Accepted: 31/10/23
Analysis of the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on women´s care in an abortion situation in Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: De Leon Rodolfo Gomez Ponce , Baccaro Luiz Francisco , Schweizer Gonzalo Rubio , Serruya Suzanne Jacob
Published: December 2023

Objective: to understand the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on aspects of quality of care provided to women in abortion situations in sentinel centers of the CLAP MUSA-Network (a multicenter network with international cooperation with the aim of encouraging good practices in Latin America and the Caribbean). Methods: cross-sectional study between January/2017 and December/2021 with women of any age admitted for abortion or miscarriage. We analyzed the total number of cases and the proportion of legal abortions. The dependent variables were complications and use of contraceptives after abortion. The independent variables were COVID-19 pandemic, clinical and sociodemographic data. Statistical analysis was carried out using linear regression, multiple Poisson regression, Cochran-Armitage, chi-square, Mann-Whitney and Cohen tests. Results: we analyzed data from 93689 women assisted in 12 sentinel centers of the CLAP MUSA-Network, 64.55% in the pre-pandemic period (NP) and 35.45% in the pandemic period (PP) (22.73% received post-abortion care and 77.27% legal abortion). We found no differences in the number of cases over the period, regardless of the legal context. We observed a significant increase in the proportion of legal abortions in liberal and moderate contexts. In NP, 46.46% of women underwent medical abortion, while 62.18% of women underwent medical abortion in PP (h-Cohen 0.32). We found no increase in the number of complications during PP. In NP, 79.12% started contraceptives after abortion, while in PP, 70.39% started contraceptives after abortion (h-Cohen 0.20). Conclusion: the COVID-19 pandemic was not associated with a decrease in the number of cases, a decrease in the proportion of legal interruptions, or an increase in complications in sentinel centers of the CLAP MUSA-Network.
Submission: 30/04/23|Review: 08/11/23|Approval: 09/11/23
Conexão Noronha-Brasil: curva de contágio e itinerários de parto entre a ilha de Fernando de Noronha e o continente
Authors: Iumatti Camilla , Do Nascimento Pedro Guedes
Published: December 2023

Objective: to scrutinize the risk management and care strategies adopted by two pregnant women relocating from Fernando de Noronha Island to the mainland during the COVID-19 pandemic, given the explicit prohibition of childbirth on the island. Methods: an analysis was conducted on regulations and guidelines pertaining to childbirth, with a specific focus on obstetric and neonatal care networks and reproductive health policies. Additionally, interviews were carried out with pregnant women who temporarily moved to the mainland for childbirth. Results: the prohibition of childbirth on island regions stems from a multifaceted analysis involving biomedical, economic, and environmental factors. Despite a uniform sanitary regulation, the risk management and care practices of the pregnant individuals differed, reflecting their unique experiences. Factors such as the absence of support networks, separation from family, and heightened concerns for birth safety were highlighted, emphasizing the necessity for public policies to address local issues and diverse experiences. Conclusion: the analysis underscores that, beyond the coercive prohibition of childbirth on the island, ensuring optimal conditions for giving birth on the mainland was not consistently guaranteed, revealing limitations in reproductive rights within this context. This scenario underscores the imperative for a more comprehensive policy approach to effectively promote reproductive rights.
Received: 05/05/23|Review: 08/11/23|Accepted: 09/11/23
Acciones para el aborto seguro durante la pandemia: el caso de las prácticas de dos organizaciones de Argentina
Authors: Gudiño Bessone Pablo , Drovetta Raquel Irene , Rúa Agustina
Published: December 2023

Objective: to examine the initiatives undertaken by the organizations Socorristas en Red and Red de Profesionales de la Salud por el Derecho a Decidir in Argentina concerning the support and facilitation of legal and voluntary termination of pregnancy amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: the research employs a qualitative approach, relying on in-depth, semi-structured interviews, and online questionnaires. These methodologies were designed to capture the experiential insights of network members, shedding light on the challenges encountered during the pandemic in sustaining the provision of support for safe abortion procedures. Conclusion: the implementation of Social, Preventive, and Compulsory Isolation (ASPO) measures during the COVID-19 pandemic heightened infringements on abortion-related rights, exacerbating societal inequalities and vulnerabilities. However, the COVID-19 pandemic prompted the reinforcement of a resilient feminist care network dedicated to providing safe abortion services and supportive policies.
Received: 10/07/23|Review: 26/10/23|Accepted: 13/11/23
Vanaf Wellington na Universiteit van Wes-Kaapland (UWK)
Authors: Philander Nathan
Published: December 2023

The years between 1958 and 1994 saw radical shifts in the theological training of the DR Missionary Church (DCMC) in South Africa. This article offers a chronological overview of those changes by extensively quoting from and offering interpretation of the original documents. The shifts are analysed thematically as a journey from a pietistic inspired curriculum taught by missionaries in a single-church seminary in Wellington, to an academic education at the University of the Western Cape (UWC) in Belville. This was guided by well-trained theologians and represented a further leg of the journey, representing development from a single-church institution to an ecumenical collaboration with the University of the Western Cape (UWC).This article presents a historiographical overview of the development of theological training under the influence of the specific contexts of an era. It offers a window on an overview of the educational changes that were affected and indicates the need for the acceptance of a discipline that can consistently continue to accommodate formation, reformation, and transformation. The article in itself testifies to a changing and developing educational process and to the way that the passage of time enhances its growth and development.
Means of grace or magic, sacrament, or superstition
Authors: Langerman Peter David
Published: December 2023

In this article I examine the recent case of the Rev Andres Arango, who was fired from his diocese for using the wrong language formula in baptism and use that incident to interrogate the different views of the Catholic and Reformed traditions to the sacraments. The article begins by going back into the history of Christianity to the Donatist controversy, especially as that controversy relates to the administration of the sacraments, of the fourth century CE. I outline the way in which Augustine of Hippo dealt with that crisis and the implications for the administration of the sacraments. Following from that, it tracks the development of the attitudes to the sacraments, especially in the Reformation and the Council of Trent in the sixteenth century , and the way in which that shaped the way in which the two traditions came to regard the sacraments. It examines statements in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, especially the WCC’s Baptism, Eucharist and Ministry and the Joint Declaration of the Doctrine of Justification to chart some of the progress that has been made in discussions between the two traditions in the ecumenical space. Finally, it examines contemporary attitudes to the sacraments in Roman Catholic and Reformed theology and practice to suggest a way forward.
Geochemistry of landscapes of the historical area of Krister’s Hill (Kyiv)
Authors:   M. P. Semenenko Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Ore Formation of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Splodytel Anastasiia , Sorokina Liudmyla ,   Institute of Geography of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Kuraeva Iryna ,   M. P. Semenenko Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Ore Formation of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Golubtsov Olexander ,   Institute of Geography of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2023

The study presents the results of ecological and geochemical research of landscapes of the historical area of Krister Hill in Podilsk district of Kyiv. The research aims to identify the current state of pollution of this territory by heavy metals - their content in the components of the landscapes (soils, plants, water environment). The paper characterizes the landscape structure and modern use of the territory. The degree of soil contamination in the sampling points located within the forest-steppe landscapes of the loess-like plain and mixed coniferous forest landscapes is characterized of the moraine-woodland plain was analyzed. For the analysis, the total pollution index (Zc) was used, according to which the study area as a whole has a moderately dangerous level of contamination of soils with heavy metals. The largest part belongs to lead and copper, the content of which in some samples is 2-4 times higher than the maximum allowable concentrations. The content of zinc and nickel is also significant. The total pollution of soils with heavy metals within the landscapes of forest plains is somewhat higher than in moraine-water-glacial landscapes. The results of a study of the microelement composition of the Krister hill vegetation indicate that the plants are characterized by an increased content of manganese, titanium, copper, and lead. Plants with a high ability to accumulate heavy metals include maple, common shingle, and lilac. To analyze the content of pollutants in surface and ground waters, water samples were taken from natural and artificial reservoirs, as well as from the bureaus. An excess of heavy metals content of tens and hundreds of times was detected in the Krister Hill water bodies. Hydrogeochemical peculiarities of drinking groundwater were established. The pump room water meets the requirements of DSTU. Excess of maximum permissible concentrations was detected for the total concentration of sodium and potassium ions and permanganate acidity. The obtained results are essential for substantiating the location of the network of complex environmental and geochemical monitoring and will contribute to the effectiveness of measures to improve the state of the natural environment and improve the living conditions of the population.
Educational Policy Of The Russian Federation Post-Soviet Period Regarding Learning Difficulties And Equity In Education
Authors: Kosaretsky S.G.
Published: December 2023

The article examines the educational policy of Russia of the post-Soviet period in relation to the problem of learning difficulties, disadvantaged students, equity in education. Changes in the relevance of tasks and the content of the proposed solutions are analyzed in legislation and strategic documents at different stages in the period from 1992 to 2022. The prospects of keeping the topic on the agenda of educational policy in the current conditions are discussed.
Results of a Qualitative Study of Elementary School Teachers' and Parents' Perceptions of Preventing and Overcoming Students' School Failure
Authors: Ovakimyan E.V. , Bayramyan R.M. , Isaeva O.M. , Osipova O.S.
Published: December 2023

We present the results of a qualitative research of the perceptions, attitudes, experiences of teachers and parents of elementary school students on the practices used to overcome school failure. We comapred these practices with the recommended methods that have been shown to be effective in various studies. The sample consisted of 35 female informants living in big cities, regional centers, districts, and rural areas, with different levels of education: 20 teachers (M=38) and 15 parents (M=29) of primary school-aged children were recruited for this study. We gathered information by in-depth interview method, teachers and parents shared their views on the methods which help to overcome and prevent school failure in the context of elementary school. Collected interviews were studied using the method of content analysis and comparison of the obtained data by using the coding technique (A. Strauss and J. Corbin). The date revealed the attitudes of teachers and parents about the concept of school failure, reasons for its occurrence and ways to overcome it, we compared the results with the results of national and international researches on this topic. Summarizing the results of the study, we can conclude that, in general, teachers and parents use school failure overcoming strategies according to their own experience, intuition and sometimes use tools and approaches described in scientific studies. The results of this study can be used for building strategies of interaction between schools and families and for planning professional development of teachers.
Multivariance of Factors of Personal Resilience and Its Influence on the Academic Success of Schoolchildren
Authors: Vinogradov V.L. , Shatunova O.V.
Published: December 2023

There recently started researches of the personal and organizational resilience in the sphere of education that significantly enriched studies of the school successes/ failures and consequently actualized the big range of issues related to the subject of studied phenomenon. They included the questions that had key importance from the pedagogical point of view that covered the major factors of students’ personal resilience development, its correlation with traditions and peculiarities of the school, interdependence of resilience and academic performance of the students. The overall research of the outlined interdependences assumed that the students characterized by the higher personal resilience possessed higher study motivation and actively utilized support of the society while solving the problems and more inclined to the democratic style of the study cooperation, actively attended optional classes. Response analyses of the 722 questioned students of the 5-9 grades of 8 schools of 2 municipal regions of Republic of Tatarstan gave the unexpected results. The students referred to the resilient category demonstrated different personal characteristics. Among those there were academically successful students and the middle range ones, that ones who refused support of the society and actively accepted that, the ones who normally demonstrate study independence and those who prefer external control. The identified diversity of the resilient students allowed to assume existence of different styles of resilience and defined the necessity to consider those styles when performing deeper analysis of the studied phenomenon. Results of the research of correlation of the personal resilience of the students and the set of internally aligned characteristics of the educational process given in this article allowed to look at the studied phenomenon from a different angle. It became almost imperative to perform deeper analysis of dependance of personal resilience upon the external conditions and also upon the inner personal characteristics of the individual and relation of the resilience with independence and emotionality of the student in regards to the study process.
Breaking Barriers: How the Pandemic Bridged the Academic Achievement Gap in Rural and Urban Schools
Authors: Kersha Y.D. , Nedosyp O.V. , Piotukh E.I.
Published: December 2023

The article examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the dynamics of academic achievement in schools in the Novosibirsk region over the period of 2017–2022. Using data on individual Basic State Examination results of grade 9 students, the study applies multilevel regression modelling to examine the differential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on urban and rural schools. Contrary to previous studies which predicted that rural students would be most affected, the results were unexpected. When analysing the academic performance of students in the overall sample, no significant differences were found between the years: on average, the pandemic had no effect on academic performance in the region. However, assessing the differential effect according to the type of settlement in which the school was located revealed atypical trends: urban schools experienced a slight decrease in academic achievement after the pandemic, while rural schools experienced an increase. Notably, the year of the pandemic eliminated the achievement gap between urban and rural schools, making it statistically insignificant. Possible explanations for these results could be regional policies to support students or changes in examination procedures. These counterintuitive findings challenge the dominant educational research on COVID-19 and highlight the unexpected role of the pandemic in changing the trajectory of academic achievement.
Approbation and Validation of the «Index of Autonomous Functioning» (IAF) in the Russian Sample
Authors: Kostromina S.N. , Darinskaia L.A. , Moskvicheva N.L. , Filatova A.F.
Published: December 2023

One of the key issues in contemporary psychology is a correlation between determinism and indeterminism in understanding human behaviour. Autonomy as self-determined behaviour, as an individual's autonomous choice of behaviour, is one of the most significant and sought-after constructs in the study of personality functioning. In E. Deci and R. Ryan's self-determination theory (SDT), the need for autonomy is one of the basic innate needs of the personality, and this confirms the need for a person to feel as an actor, an initiator, the cause of one's own life and to act in harmony with one's integrated Self. The article presents the procedure of adaptation of the Russian-language version of the “Index of Autonomous Functioning” (IAF) developed within the macro-theory of self-determination by E. Deci and R. Ryan. The methodology assesses the need for autonomy, including such characteristics as authorship in life, self-interest and susceptibility to external control. In the article we studied the results of reliability and accuracy assessment (Cronbach's coefficient – 0,774) on a sample of 689 university students in Saint Petersburg. The structure of the questionnaire had three scales: authorship, susceptibility to control, and interest. Correlation analysis confirmed the correlation of the scales with other methods of measuring autonomous behavior, such as "Subjective Quality of Choice", "The Existence Scale", "World Assumptions Scale" and "Stolin Self-Relationship Questionnaire". Testing of diagnostic sensitivity of the Russian version of the questionnaire showed positive results, revealing significant level differences between three clusters: respondents with high, medium and low autonomous functioning index, as well as significant differences in gender and level of education of the respondents. A positive correlation was found between the overall IAF score, the interest-taking subscale, and the age of respondents (within Russian sample). According to the results, the Russian-language version of the “Index of Autonomous Functioning” has good psychometric characteristics and can be used as a qualitative research tool.
Predictive Value of Differential Assessment of Schoolchildren’s Maladaptation from Parent and Teacher Perspectives
Authors: Katunova V.V. , Konovalov A.A. , Bozhkova E.D.
Published: December 2023

Based on a comprehensive socio-psychological and medico-psychological studies schoolchildren's maladaptation and individual risk factors conducted among second-graders in 12 secondary schools of Nizhny Novgorod (857 students in total), we evaluated the differences in the predictive value of the survey data, which was receiveded from parents and teachers. On the basis of the data obtained from parents and teachers, we assesed the factor loadings. The correlation and factor analyses confirmed the assumption about different predictive value of the survey data obtained from teachers and parents, they gave information about mental disorder signs development in behavior of junior schoolchildren. The average predictive error was higher among teachers, which also indicates a higher predictive value of parents' estimates compared to teachers'. This conclusion largely contradicts the theory that a teacher's assessment of a child being in the educational environment is more objective than a parent's assessment based on observations made in the family environment.
Sociocultural Adaptation Strategies as Psychological Well-Being Predictors among Children of Foreign Citizens in Russia
Authors: Gritsenko V.V. , Chibisova M.Y. , Tkachenko N.V. , Pavlova O.S. , Khukhlaev O.E.
Published: December 2023

The aim of the study is to examine how the psychological well-being of children of foreign citizens is determined by their focusing on preserving the culture of their country of origin and accepting Russian culture, as well as by the level of expression of their national (Russian) and ethnic identity. Methods: Multidimensional Students’ Life Satisfaction Scale by E.S. Huebner, adapted by O.A. Sychev et al., Acculturation Scale for Children and Adolescents by O.E. Khukhlaev and M.Y. Chibisova, Measure of Youth’s Ethnic and National Identity, MYENI adapted by O.E. Khukhlaev, sociometric testing. The sample consisted of 669 children of foreign citizens, immigrants from the countries of Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Armenia, Azerbaijan, aged 7 to 17 years. As a result of regression analysis, significant positive correlations between sociocultural adaptation and psychological well-being indicators were obtained in the sample of primary school, middle school and high school students. It was revealed that among primary and middle school students, integration strategy orientation serves as predictor of psychological well-being, while among high school students, such a predictor is assimilative strategy.
Youth Participation in Politics: Shared Vision and Democracy in India
Authors: Mohammad Azib
Published: December 2023

Many people think that young people will be the leaders of tomorrow, but in reality, they are the leaders of today, and their diverse upbringing and life experiences will influence how they view politics. They must thus become more politically educated and engaged in order to direct their efforts toward constructive change and position themselves as leaders in the defense and advancement of democracy. Young people who are politically engaged develop a civic ethic that extends beyond politics and includes community service through involvement in health, education, and philanthropic endeavors. Voting, taking part in political revelations, and signing petitions on certain causes are all examples of political involvement, which is a more focused form of civic commitment or contribution. Young people's involvement in politics is not only advantageous in the near run, but it also lays the groundwork for sustained political activism in the future. It is imperative that they acknowledge that they are the leaders of today and, as such, that they have a greater say in the course of their future. In addition, kids may be a creative force and a dynamic source of inventions. Throughout history, youth have surely engaged in, contributed to, and even accelerated significant changes in political institutions, power relations, and economic prospects. This research paper is based on youth participation in politics: shared vision and democracy in India.
How to Navigate Crowd Crushes History? A Compilation of Six Existing Sources
Authors: Dubroca-Voisin Capucine-Marin
Published: December 2023

We use six existing sources about past crowd crushes and accident to build a merged data base. By doing so, we show that every source has a partial view of the crowd crushes, with coverage rates between 14% and 59% of our merged data base. Each of the sources contains crowd crushes that are cited by none of the other sources.
We then may have a very partial view of past crowd crushes. We examine several biases that can explain under reporting of crowd crushes, notably the less recent ones and the smaller.
This partial view affects any statistical study that we can do on the evolution of crowd crushes. However, our data analysis suggests that the number of crowd crushes par capita is not steadily increasing. Crowd crushes may not be a growing tendency in regard to global population.
Our analysis suggests it is necessary to continue studying crowd crushes, both globally and in-depth, to gain a more global view of their reasons and their tendencies. We propose to use collaborative projects such as Wikidata to do so.
Pengaruh model pembelajaran discovery learning terhadap pemahaman siswa pada mata pelajaran geografi
Authors: Marshanda Umi Fadhila , Sumarmi Sumarmi
Published: December 2023

One of the issues in teaching is the lack of student understanding. This investigation seeks to ascertain whether the Discovery Learning approach to learning has an effect on the comprehension of social studies students in class XI at SMAN 9 Malang City. Using a posttest-only group design, a quasi-experimental approach was used in this investigation. The experimental class was chosen, and the control class was chosen using a purposive sampling technique. In this study, various methods of data analysis were employed, including reliability tests, normality tests, validity tests, and non- parametric tests. The treatment given to the Discovery Learning learning model appears to have an impact on students' comprehension of the environmental impact analysis content, according to research findings. Drawing conclusions from the research results based on descriptive analysis calculations where the average control class is 70.14 while the experimental class has an average of 79.75. In addition, the results of the non-parametric test are also the reason for making a decision which Asymp. Sig value. (2-tailed) is 0.000 less than 0.05, it can be concluded that the research hypothesis is accepted.

Salah satu masalah dalam pengajaran adalah kurangnya pemahaman siswa. Penelitian ini berusaha untuk memastikan apakah pendekatan pembelajaran Discovery Learning berpengaruh untuk membantu pemahaman siswa kelas XI IPS SMAN 9 Kota Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian berupa posttest-only group design dengan metode quasi experiment. Kelas eksperimen dipilih, dan kelas kontrol dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan berbagai metode analisis data, antara lain uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, uji normalitas, dan uji nonparametric. Hasil dari pengolahan data, mengatakan bahwa pemahaman siswa terhadap materi analisis mengenai dampak lingkungan dipengaruhi oleh penerapan model pembelajaran Discovery Learning di kelas eksperimen. Pengambilan kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian berdasarkan perhitungan analisis deskriptif dimana rata-rata kelas kontrol 70,14 serta kelas eksperimen memiliki rata-rata 79,75. Selain itu hasil dari uji non-parametrik juga menjadi alasan dari pengambilan keputusan yang mana nilai Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) bernilai 0,000 lebih kecil dari 0,05, maka dapat disimpulkan hipotesis penelitian diterima.
Convento de Nuestra Señora del Carmen de Oviedo
Authors: López Malgor Jorge
Published: December 2023

El convento de Nuestra Señora del Carmen de Oviedo, fundado en 1882, fue el primer convento carmelita de Asturias. Aunó en su construcción el lenguaje clasicista carmelitano con la modernidad neogótica, siendo su templo uno de los primeros de esta orden en proyectarse en este último estilo. Obra original de Federico Aparici, fue intervenida por notables arquitectos como Nicolás García Rivero, Raimundo Beraza o Juan Vallaure. Pese a su singular historia y el curioso resultado artístico que dio como fruto, fue víctima de las décadas del desarrollismo, desapareciendo en su totalidad sin llegar al siglo de edad.
Milites y kavalleiros
Authors: González González Raúl
Published: December 2023

La dinastía navarra gobernó el reino de León desde 1038 hasta 1126. En ese período se adopta el uso franco del término miles como marcador de estatus aristocrático, mientras emerge en las fuentes escritas una nueva identidad nobiliaria estrechamente vinculada al oficio guerrero, pero aún diferenciada de los kavalleiros de segundo orden. Utilizando un amplio elenco de fuentes (diplomas, crónicas y textos legales, pero también penitenciales o glosas), y conduciendo algunas encuestas prosopográficas, analizaremos los primeros desarrollos de la caballería en el área central del reino, la llamada terra de Legione, aunque también se utilizarán algunos ejemplos relativos a otras regiones.
Using generic drug elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor+ ivacaftor in patients with cystic fidosis in routine clinical practice
Authors: Krasovskiy S. A. , Kagazezhev R. U.
Published: December 2023

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a multisystem disease of exocrine glands with a progressive course. In recent years, targeted (pathogenetic) treatment aimed at correcting the function of the chloride channel has come to the fore in addition to the symptomatic therapy. The greatest effectiveness was demonstrated with the use of the triple combination of the drug elexacaftor (ELX) / tezacaftor (TEZ) / ivacaftor (IVA) + IVA – Trikafta® (Vertex Pharmaceuticals, USA) that has become the “gold standard” of targeted therapy. Currently, there is virtually no information about the effectiveness and safety of the generic products. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the generic drug ELX/TEZ/IVA+IVA (Trilexa®) (Tutor S.A.S.I.F.I.A., Buenos Aires, Argentina) in adult patients with CF in real clinical practice.

Methods. The 6-month study included patients (n = 11) aged 18 to 46 years with a diagnosis of CF who were prescribed pathogenetic treatment with ELX/TEZ/IVA+IVA. Their external respiration function (forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 second), conductivity of sweat fluid electrolytes (sweat test), anthropometric and other clinical and functional data were analyzed. Results. This study demonstrated pronounced positive effects in relation to indicators of respiratory function, sweat test, and nutritional status. The ELX/TEZ/IVA+IVA treatment was well tolerated, with clinical improvement in the form of a decrease in cough intensity, sputum volume, improvement in daily exercise tolerance, height, and body weight. No serious adverse events were recorded and none of the patients discontinued treatment due to adverse reactions.

Conclusion. Obvious clinical and functional positive dynamics and safety over 6 months were demonstrated with ELX/TEZ/IVA+IVA combination.
Tiotropium bromide in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Titova O. N. , Kuzubova N. A. , Kozyrev A. G.
Published: December 2023

The aim of this review was to analyze current information on tiotropium bromide as one of the LAMAs. Tiotropium was chronologically the first LAMA in clinical practice. It is administered using a dry powder inhaler or an aerosol inhaler (Respimat soft mist inhaler). Due to the long bronchodilator effect, tiotropium can be inhaled once a day. The drug has a significant effect on functional respiratory parameters, reduces lung hyperinflation, improves exercise tolerance and quality of life. Tiotropium is superior to short-acting bronchodilators and long-acting β2-agonists (LABAs) and is comparable to other LAMAs, as well as combinations of LABAs and inhaled corticosteroids in the prevention of COPD exacerbations. Tiotropium bromide has a favorable safety profile. Generic tiotropium drug products, including Respium®, are currently available in the Russian Federation. A clinical trial confirmed the non-inferiority and safety of generic tiotropium drug compared to the original branded product.

Conclusion. Tiotropium is an effective and safe medication for the maintenance treatment of COPD and for reducing COPD exacerbations. The generic tiotropium drug products widen the range of effective inhaled medications available to physicians.
An in Vitro Effectiveness and Evaluation of Sodium Hypochlorite for Orthodontic Buccal Tube Disinfection
Authors: S. Abdurrohman Muhamat Muhtar , Rainanda Dandy Andrea , Feranisa Anggun , Kodir Ade Ismail Abdul
Published: December 2023

Contamination of fixed orthodontic components caused by non-compliance with hygiene both during the manufacturing and packaging processes can cause cross-infection. Although the literature has demonstrated the need for sterilization or disinfection of fixed orthodontic components prior to insertion in the oral cavity, these are still not widely used in orthodontic practice. This study aims to evaluate bacterial contamination in vitro and the disinfection effect of 0.5% sodium hypochlorite on orthodontic buccal tubes. A total of 12 roth type 1 Molar buccal tubes with slots of 0.020 and still well sealed in the packaging were divided into three groups: group 1 chlorhexidine 2% (n=4), group 2 distilled water (n=4) as control, and group 3 sodium hypochlorite 0.5% (n=4) as treatment. Microbiological and biochemical tests were carried out on the three groups of first molars to detect any bacterial contamination. The buccal tube showed that it was contaminated with bacteria and then disinfected using a 2% chlorhexidine solution, distilled water and 0.5% sodium hypochlorite. Bacterial contamination was detected in all control and treatment groups. The treatment group with 0.5% sodium hypochlorite disinfection showed optimal decontamination (p 0.05) compared to the negative control group. Therefore, In vitro sodium hypochlorite 0.5% had the effect of reducing bacterial contamination of the buccal tube Roth type 1 molar with 0.020 slots.
Mandibular Gingival Pyogenic Granuloma Spreading to Chin Region: a Case Report
Authors: Hardianto Andri , Wijaya Wilson , Priyanto Winarno
Published: December 2023

Vascular lesions tumors at the maxillo-facial area could be divided into malformations and tumors. Furthermore, vascular tumors are separated into malignant and benign tumors. Benign vascular tumor such as pyogenic granuloma usually only manifests at the gingiva or oral mucosa region. Few studies have reported extensive-sized facial pyogenic granuloma. This case reports a substantial pyogenic granuloma from the mandibular gingiva down to the chin region. In this case report, we presented a 25-year-old female patient with mastication and esthetic disturbance due to a vascular tumor in her mandibular region. Through thorough examination, a benign vascular lesion was diagnosed pre-operatively. The patient was treated with excisional biopsy and primary closure under general anaesthesia followed by anatomical pathology examination with the result of pyogenic granuloma, resulting in satisfying functional and esthetical outcomes. Patients with vascular lesions need well-executed diagnoses and treatment to achieve favourable anatomic and functional outcomes and preserve their quality of life.
Sauropus androgynus Effect on Periodontal Tissue Inflammatory Cells with Orthodontic-Separators
Authors: Herawati Hillda , Yuslianti Euis Reni , Salsabila Ainan
Published: December 2023

Orthodontic treatment aims to correct the improper arrangement of teeth. Tooth movement caused by orthodontic treatment causes tension and compression areas in the tooth's supporting tissues. The periodontal ligament will respond to this stimulus by triggering the inflammatory process. Flavonoids in Sauropus androgynus act as anti-inflammatories by inhibiting lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase. This experimental research was conducted on 32 guinea pigs, which were grouped into 2 groups: the control group had a rubber separator applied for 14 days, and the experimental group had a rubber separator applied also given ethanol extract of Sauropus androgynus 78.3 mg/kg BW. Samples were taken on days 0, 3, 7 and 14 and statistically analyzed using an independent T-test and Mann-Whitney test. The results showed that the ethanol extract of Sauropus androgynus affected the number of inflammatory cells. Based on statistical results, there were significant differences between the control group and the treatment group in neutrophil cells (p=0.000), eosinophils (p=0.000), lymphocytes (p=0.002), and monocytes (p=0.000). In contrast to macrophage cells, statistical results showed no significant difference between the control and experimental groups with p=0.064. The observed effects of the ethanol extract of Sauropus androgynus on periodontal ligament inflammatory cells (neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes) suggested its potential as an anti-inflammatory agent.
Risk factors for conversion to arthroplasty after hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement
Authors: Oliveira José Ricardo , Dinis João , Sarmento André , Lemos Rui
Published: December 2023

Background: Hip arthroscopy is a surgical procedure that is increasingly used worldwide, mostly in the management of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). The purpose of this study is to evaluate risk factors for conversion of hip arthroscopy to THA within 3 years after the procedure.
Methods: Hip arthroscopies for FAI performed at our institution between 2013 and 2019 were reviewed. Inclusion criteria included a minimum 3-year follow-up or a conversion to THA within 3 years. Patient characteristics and radiographic evaluation was made for each patient. This collected data were compared in the two groups Total hip arthroplasty vs non total hip arthroplasty (THA vs non-THA).
Results: A total of 136 patients met the inclusion criteria (69 men, 67 women, mean age 38,21 years). During the follow-up period, 22 underwent a THA in less than 3 years after the procedure (16.2%). A statistically significant association was found between conversion to THA and the Tönnis grade (p<0.05), Kellgren-Lawrence grade (p<0.05) and the joint space (p<0.05). It was also found that the patient's age, body mass index (BMI), race and sex did not add independent predictive information.
Conclusions: Our analysis demonstrates a strong and significant association between the radiographic evaluation of osteoarthritis (Tönnis grade, Kellgren-Lawrence grade and joint space narrowing) and the risk of early conversion to THA. Other patient characteristics, like patient's age, BMI, race and sex, doesn´t seem to increase the risk.
COVID-19 y vulnerabilidad municipal. Caso de estudio de Quintana Roo, México
Authors: Martínez Olivera Christian , Ken Rodríguez Crucita Aurora , Miguel Velasco Andrés Enrique , Ojeda Aquino María Soledad
Published: December 2023

El artículo analiza a los municipios que conforman al estado de Quintana Roo, México, durante el periodo 2020-2022, con el objetivo de indagar la relación entre la vulnerabilidad municipal y los efectos de la COVID-19. Utiliza una metodología cuantitativa a través del diseño de los índices de vulnerabilidad municipal y de los efectos de la COVID-19, ambos estructurados con información documentada de instituciones gubernamentales. Se propone como hipótesis que, a menor vulnerabilidad municipal, los efectos de la COVID-19 disminuyen. Para su comprobación se aplican métodos de estadística descriptiva y de regresión, y de distancia euclidiana. Los resultados muestran la asociación propuesta entre las variables analizadas; esto quiere decir que, entre menor es la vulnerabilidad municipal los efectos de la COVID-19 serán menores en el conjunto de los municipios. Esta información resulta importante en la toma de decisiones y el diseño de políticas públicas en la etapa pos- COVID-19 en el estado de Quintana Roo.
The lemurs in the Malagasy mythology
Authors: Spiridonova Elena V.
Published: December 2023

Lemurs are one of the most common characters of Malagasy myths and fairy tales. The anthropomorphism of primates is one of the reasons for their mythologization. They act as forest spirits, cultural heroes, totemic ancestors, have the ability to transform into people, imitate their voices and behavior. The attitude towards lemurs is ambivalent, they can act both as human helpers and as monsters that devour people. Most often indris, sifakas, ring-tailed lemurs and aye-ayes are mentioned in myths and fairy tales.