bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ingeborg Bachmanns Schrift – Auf der Suche nach Wahrheit, Wissen und Begehren
Authors:   Alpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt, Laquièze-Waniek Eva
Published: April 2024

Bachmann’s claims “We have to find true sentences” or “The truth is reasonable for man” demonstrate her interest in the question of a true access to the real by language and writing, which I discuss here. I firstly turn to her doctoral thesis (1949): There Bachmann used Carnap’s logical empirical method of verification to criticise Heidegger's existential philosophy as metaphysical and senseless, referring to Wittgenstein's Tractatus: “Whereof one cannot speak, thereof one must be silent” as an interdiction to express existential feelings in language. But in the end Bachmann thwarted this restriction with Baudelaire’s poem The Abyss (1862), which expressed Pascal´s experience of fear and being split, leading to the insight that there is no full knowledge: our access to the world remains partial and strange. This may have impacted Bachmann’s further writing, for she then tackled the topic of truth in a literary way like in her novels A Wildermuth and Undine Goes/Leaves. This leads me to the further question if poetry and art have their own claim to truth. With Austin, Jakobson, Peirce, and the later Wittgenstein – who offer different understandings of telling the truth and a performative and plurifunctional usage of language –, I then show that Bachmann’s notion of poetry aims at breaking silence and pushing back darkness, which connects it finally to the Lacanian and Freudian concept of desire as the subject’s own and unconscious truth that can become conscious through free association in speech.
Ingeborg Bachmann und der Wiener Kreis
Authors:   Universität Klagenfurt und Universität Wien, Donhauser Gerhard
Published: April 2024

When Ingeborg Bachmann began studying philosophy, the Vienna Circle of Logical Empiricism had long since ceased to exist. What Bachmann may have found in this regard at the University of Vienna were traces, and traces of the Vienna Circle can also be found in her dissertation. This article attempts to pursue both. Its path leads from a sketch of institutional philosophy at the University of Vienna in the years after 1945 via a concise overview of the Vienna Circle to the references to it in Bachmann's doctoral thesis.
Bachmanns Reflexion über Sprache und Gewalt im Erzählungsband Das dreißigste Jahr
Authors:   Université de Montréal, Agnese Barbara
Published: April 2024

The focus of this article is Ingeborg Bachmann’s critical and poetic thinking on the relationship between language and violence. The starting point is a commentary of a central passage from the first Frankfurt lecture Fragen und Scheinfragen (Questions and Pseudo-Questions, 1959), in which Bachmann describes the writer's attitude to language. Dissatisfaction with and suspicion of language are part of a writer's crisis and at the same time his/her greatest motivation. Next, Bachmann's collection of stories Das dreißigste Jahr (The Thirtieth Year, 1961) is presented as a critical analysis of human coexistence and of the social use of language. Bachmann observes and describes the emergence and development of violence from which one cannot escape: language and violence appear to be intertwined. The characters in two of the stories (The Thirtieth Year and Everything), who want to escape this violence and language, are analysed through concepts developed by René Girard. According to Girard, the cause of interpersonal conflicts is the “mimetic desire” of people who live in close proximity with one another. Coexistence fosters rivalry, envy, and jealousy. This behaviour is contagious and shared by all members of the group, who repeat it by imitating each other, which leads to rapid escalations of violence.
Das Schöne in der kritisch-philosophischen Poetik Ingeborg Bachmanns
Authors:   Philipps-Universität Marburg, Soboleva Maja
Published: April 2024

The paper aims to reconstruct Bachmann’s most important poetological principles on the basis of her critical writings and the Frankfurt lectures. In doing so, the concept of beauty, which is constitutive for her understanding of literature and language, comes into focus. An interpretation of this concept from the perspective of existential philosophy makes it possible to combine questions of literary theory related to contemporary poetics on the one hand, and philosophical questions related to personal authenticity (and hence identity) and to the justification of the author’s existence on the other, and thus to advance to Bachmann’s poetological credo.
Sprach-Exil und „Haus des Seins“. Zum Status dichterischer Rede bei Bachmann und Celan in der Auseinandersetzung mit einem Topos Martin Heideggers
Authors:   Universität München, May Markus
Published: April 2024

Heidegger’s concept of language as “the house of being”, alongside the notion that poets are destined to be the “keepers” of this “house”, appealed pre-eminently to German-speaking post-war poets such as Ingeborg Bachmann and Paul Celan. Such poets dealt critically with this idea because of Heidegger’s refusal to confront his own highly controversial stance after Hitler’s rise to power in 1933. According to Celan and Bachmann, the philosophical problem involved was not so much a hazy understanding of “Seinsvergessenheit” (forgetfulness of being), but that of a wilful repression of one’s individual and collective past, which is to say the deliberate refusal to acknowledge personal guilt. The dialogically related poems Exil (Exile) and In die Ferne (Into the Distance), both written in 1957, provided alternative poetic versions of the idea of “dwelling in language”, which can be regarded as answers to Heidegger on behalf of those who were silenced in the Shoah, those who Heidegger had deliberately forgotten.
Towards User-Centred Framework for Reconfiguring Library Spaces in the Global South: Case of Kenyan Universities
Authors: Gikunju Milcah , Odero Damaris , Kwanya Tom
Published: April 2024

In the global sphere, there is a trend that is gaining momentum in university libraries, and that is the shifting nature of the physical library spaces. The transition from print to electronic resources is among the issues influencing the shifting of library spaces. The change in pedagogy, where learning activities now lay emphasis on collaboration and group projects, necessitates new requirements in physical library spaces to rhyme with the new purposes and learning styles that better meet users’ needs. Unfortunately, the available library space reconfiguring frameworks are inclined to the global north, which may not be suitable for the global south countries such as Kenya. It is on this strength that this paper seeks to explore how to attain user-centred university library spaces in the global south that meet the needs and wants of the users. The main objective of this paper is to propose a framework for reconfiguring university library spaces. The paper intended to achieve this by exploring suggestions on additional spaces and facilities to be included in the library, identifying attractive spaces and features of a library, exploring projections of the future outlook of the library, and examining elements of a desirable model space for university libraries in Kenya. The methodology employed a pragmatic research philosophy and multiple case studies. Data was collected from students, academic staff, librarians and university librarians. The qualitative data was thematically analysed, while the quantitative data used descriptive statistics. Based on the findings, the study proposed a user-centred framework for reconfiguring university library spaces in Kenya.
Sistem Kontrol Color Sorting Machine Dengan Pengolahan Citra Digital
Authors: Chairi Al , Mukhaiyar Riki
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat sorting machine otomatis berbasis digital image processing. Digital image processing pada penelitian ini digunakan sebagai sistem deteksi objek benda berwarna yang berbentuk tabung dengan diamater 40 mm dan tinggi 25 mm dengan berat ± 28 gram dari bahan High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) yang berjalan di sebuah mesin sorter berupa belt conveyor. Image processing di proses menggunakan personal computer (PC) dengan bahasa pemograman Python menggunakan pustaka open computer vision (openCV). Metode pendeteksian objek pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode color filtering model ruang warna HSV agar dapat mendeteksi objek yang dibatasi terhadap tiga warna yaitu warna merah, biru dan kuning. Model ruang warna HSV (Hue, Saturation, Value) dipilih karena ruang warna ini telah memperhitungkan kemurnian warna dan intensitas cahaya. Setpoint untuk nilai HSV diatur di Graphical User Interface tracbar GUI-Python yang dibuat menggunakan pustaka tkinter. Setpoint nilai HSV masing – masing warna disimpan dalam JavaScript Object Notation (JSON). Hasil dari data Image processing yang di proses di personal computer akan di kirim ke Mikrokontroler ATmega 2560 dengan komunikasi serial USB. Mikrokontroler ATmega 2560 sendiri berfungsi sebagai pusat kendali komponen yang terdapat pada sorting machine. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan  image processing bisa mendeteksi objek berwarna dengan baik tetapi setpoint nilai HSV yang  harus di setting sesuai dengan pencahayaan ruangan.
Desain dan Implementasi Modul Konverter DC-DC Buck Boost Dengan Pengendali PID
Authors: Kunigar Regiantoro , Tahtawi Adnan Rafi Al , Ilman Sofyan Muhammad
Published: April 2024

Konverter DC-DC merupakan salah satu perangkat elektronika daya yang berperan penting dalam berbagai aplikasi sistem energi terbarukan, industri, maupun bidang telekomunikasi. Buck-boost converter merupakan salah satu jenis DC-DC  converter yang mampu menurunkan dan menaikan tegangan DC dengan pengaturan modulasi lebar pulsa. Namun, saat ini modul buck-boost converter yang memiliki fitur kendali closed-loop masih jarang ditemukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah merancang dan mengimplementasikan modul Buck Boost converter dengan dilengkapi kendali PID sebagai pengendali tegangan keluarannya. Modul dirancang sedemikian rupa agar mudah dipergunakan dan dilengkapi fitur kendali closed-loop. Metode kendali PID dirancang menggunakan metode tuning Ziegler Nichols tipe I untuk mencari parameter PID agar tegangan keluaran yang dihasilkan sesuai yang diinginkan. Metode ini digunakan karena memiliki kemudahan dan menjadi metode dasar dalam pengendalian sistem dinamik seperti buck-boost converter. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah berupa modul konverter dengan pengendalian tegangan yang menghasilkan error steady-state pada mode operasi kerja boost dan buck sekitar 0,4% dan settling time  sekitar 2 s meskipun masih ditemukan osilasi saat kondisi steady-state.
Kendali Tegangan Boost Converter Berbasis Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS)
Authors: Fikri Muhammmad Zainul , Yuhendri Muldi
Published: April 2024

Berbagai macam pembangkit tenaga listrik menghasilkan daya listrik dalam bentuk tegangan searah, seperti panel surya, fuel cell, baterai dan sebagainya. Peralatan ini menghasilkan daya listrik dengan tegangan yang bervariasi. Disisi lain, beragam peralatan listrik juga menggunakan tegangan searah dengan berbagai level tegangan, seperti, 12 Volt, 24 Volt, 60 Volt dan sebagainya. Untuk mendapatkan tegangan searah yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan beban, maka tegangan searah yang dihasilkan pembangkit perlu dikendalikan. Pengendalian tegangan searah ini banyak diimplementasikan dengan menggunakan konverter daya. Penelitian ini mengusulkan pengendalian tegangan searah dengan menggunakan konverter boost berbasis Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) dengan tegangan output lebih besar dari tegangan inputnya. Sistem kendali tegangan output konverter boost ini diimplementasikan dengan Arduino mega 2560. Sistem kendali tegangan output konverter boost yang dibuat dalam penelitian ini diuji dengan tegangan yang bervariasi dan beban yang bervariasi. Hasil pengujian menunjukan bahwa system kendali tegangan output converter boost berbasis ANFIS yang diusulkan dalam paper ini telah dapat mengendalikan tegangan output konveter sesuai dengan nilai referensi, baik dalam kondisi beban yang bervariasi maupun pada kondisi tegangan referensi yang bervariasi. Hasil pengujian ini menunjukan bahwa alat yang dibuat telah bekerja dengan baik sesuai dengan tujuan.
Monitoring Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Angin Menggunakan Human Machine Interface
Authors: Fajri Salihul , Yuhendri Muldi
Published: April 2024

Pembangkit listrik tenaga angin adalah salah satu jenis energi terbarukan yang mulai berkembang di Indonesia. Pembangkit listrik tenaga angin ini menggunakan turbin angin untuk mengkonversikan daya angin menjadi daya mekanik yang akan menggerakan generator listrik. Generator yang digunakan pada pembangkit listrik tenaga angin ini memiliki batas maksimum. Turbin angin yang beroperasi harus dibawah batas maksimum generator agar tidak terjadi kerusakan pada generator tersebut. Agar tidak terjadi operasi melampaui batas maksimum generator, maka perlu dilakukan monitoring dan proteksi terhadap komponen-komponen yang ada pada pembangkit listrik tenaga angin tersebut. Dengan hal itu paper ini mengusulkan monitoring pembangkit listrik tenaga angin menggunakan  Human Machine Interface (HMI) yang dilengkapi dengan Programable Logic Controller (PLC). Alat yang dibuat dalam penelitian ini diujicobakan  pada pembangkit listrik tenaga angin yang menggunakan turbin angin sumbu horizontal dan generator sinkron jenis magnet permanent. Monitoring pembangkit listrik tenaga angin ini dirancang dengan menggunakan Programable Logic Controller (PLC) S7 1200  1215C  DC/DC/Relay  dan Human Machine Interface (HMI) Simatic KTP 700 Basic PN untuk display dari parameter yang dimonitor yaitu arus, tegangan, kecepatan angin, kecepatan putaran dan daya. Monitoring ini dilengkapi dengan sensor tegangan, sensor arus, sensor kecepatan angin, sensor kecepatan putaran dan kontaktor sebagai pemutus arus ketika telah melebihi batas arus yang telat diatur sebelumnya. HMI sudah berhasil menampilkan data tegangan, arus kecepatan angin, kecepatan putaran dan daya. Hasil eksperimen menunjukan bahwa monitoring pembangkit listrik tenaga angin yang diusulkan telah bekerja dengan baik sesuai dengan tujuan.
Rancang Bangun Lampu Pengatur Lalu Lintas Berbasiskan Gerbang Logika
Authors: Mirshad Emilham , Diputra Yudhi , Mulya Rudi
Published: April 2024

Sistem kendali lampu lalu lintas (Lampu lalu lintas ) mengambil peran penting dalam memberikan pengaturan yang lebih baik dan mengontrol arus lalu lintas. Strategi yang lebih baik dalam pengendalian arus lalu lintas dapat meningkatkan pergerakan kendaraan dengan mempersingkat waktu perjalanan. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan membuat alat Lampu lalu lintas  dengan gerbang logika. Perancangan peralatan menggunakan sistem tata lampu lalu lintas simpang empat fase yang berarti akan ada empat lampu hijau yang akan menyala secara bergantian dan empat lampu merah yang 3 hidup bersamaan. Tahap desain dimulai dari perancangan perangkat keras yang mengacu pada sistem blok diagram, selanjutnya program dibuat sesuai dengan perencanaan. Sensor Infra merah adalah komponen elektronika yang dapat  mengidentifikasi  cahaya  infra  merah  (infra red,  IR).  Sensor infra merah atau detektor infra merah saat ini ada yang dibuat khusus dalam satu modul dan dinamakan  sebagai  IR  Detector  Photomodules. IR Detector  Photomodules  merupakan sebuah chip detektor infra merah digital yang di dalamnya terdapat fotodiode dan penguat (amplifier). Hasil pengujian alat ini menunjukkan LED dan seven segment yang ditampilkan akan menyala sesuai masukan sensor
Analisis Perencanaan Plts On Grid Menggunakan Helioscope (Studi Kasus Plts On Grid 40 Kwp Di Gedung Asrama Putri Universitas Airlangga)
Authors: Anwar Fakhriza , Rijanto Tri
Published: April 2024

Sistelm distribusi telnaga listrik adalah bagian dari sistelm telnaga listrik yang Pengembangan pembangkit listrik tenaga surya (PLTS) merupakan langkah penting dalam transisi energi Indonesia menuju sumber energi yang lebih berkelanjutan. Perusahaan-perusahaan pembangkit listrik (EPC) memiliki peran krusial dalam merancang dan menawarkan solusi PLTS yang efisien. Dalam penawaran proyek PLTS, perangkat lunak HelioScope digunakan sebagai alat bantu untuk menghitung potensi energi surya. Namun, kredibilitas HelioScope dalam pengembangan PLTS di Indonesia perlu diteliti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memvalidasi dan memverifikasi hasil HelioScope, sehingga EPC dapat menggunakan perangkat lunak tersebut dengan percaya diri. Penelitian ini juga membandingkan kinerja PLTS dengan hasil simulasi HelioScope untuk mengevaluasi keandalannya. Penelitian dilakukan pada PLTS 40 Kwp di Asrama Putri Universitas Airlangga. Proses perencanaan melibatkan pengumpulan data dan survei lapangan sebagai dasar perhitungan dan simulasi menggunakan HelioScope. Hasil perbandingan menunjukkan akurasi tinggi hingga 90%, menunjukkan keandalan HelioScope dalam merencanakan PLTS. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi dalam memahami kredibilitas HelioScope dalam pengembangan PLTS di Indonesia. Hasilnya menjadi acuan bagi EPC dalam menggunakan HelioScope sebagai alat bantu yang dapat diandalkan. Perbandingan kinerja PLTS dengan simulasi HelioScope juga penting untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas dan akurasi perangkat lunak tersebut
Desde las protagonistas valientes de los cuentos hasta la literatura infantil
Authors: García Carcedo Pilar
Published: April 2024

En estas páginas se reflexiona sobre las protagonistas femeninas de las versiones tradicionales de los cuentos maravillosos y su controvertido papel en cuanto a los estereotipos de género. A partir de las versiones de algunos de los cuentos menos conocidos de la tradición hispánica (como La niña que riega las albahacas) el estudio conducirá a una reflexión sobre la igualdad desde una perspectiva de género en la literatura infantil actual. Se centrará en la novela Indomia, de I.C. Viro (2019), que también cuenta con una protagonista indómita. Creemos que, para ofrecer una visión realista sobre el tema, es necesario conocer no solo las adaptaciones más famosas sino también las versiones populares de los mencionados relatos, que son un claro antecedente de las valientes protagonistas de la literatura infantil contemporánea. A continuación, se presentan los resultados de una experiencia didáctica a partir del cuento en las aulas de Magisterio.
Distribusi Pendapatan dan Kemiskinan di Indonesia dalam Perspektif Ekonomi Islam: Tantangan dan Prospek Masa Depan
Authors: Syahputra Angga , Harahap Isnaini , M. Nawawi Zuhrinal , Kaswinata Kaswinata
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini mengkaji distribusi pendapatan dan kemiskinan di Indonesia melalui lensa ekonomi syariah. Dengan berfokus pada prinsip-prinsip inklusivitas, keadilan, dan keberlanjutan dalam ekonomi Islam, penelitian ini mendalam tentang ketidaksetaraan ekonomi dan kemiskinan di Indonesia melalui pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa meskipun terjadi penurunan angka kemiskinan, ketimpangan pendapatan di Indonesia masih tinggi, menciptakan jurang yang membesar antara kelompok kaya dan miskin. Analisis mendalam mengungkapkan pentingnya peran ekonomi syariah, zakat, infaq, dan lembaga keuangan syariah dalam mengatasi ketimpangan dan kemiskinan. Penelitian juga mencermati tantangan dalam implementasi prinsip-prinsip ekonomi syariah dan menyajikan strategi inovatif untuk memperbaiki distribusi pendapatan. Fokus pada zakat dan infaq sebagai instrumen redistribusi yang potensial memperlihatkan perlunya pendekatan yang lebih terstruktur dan berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini memberikan landasan bagi kebijakan inklusif dan adil, memandu langkah-langkah Indonesia menuju pertumbuhan ekonomi yang merata dan berkelanjutan. Dengan mengintegrasikan prinsip-prinsip ekonomi Islam, penelitian ini mengemukakan cara untuk menciptakan masyarakat yang lebih adil dan sejahtera, sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip Islam dan prinsip-prinsip pembangunan berkelanjutan secara global.
Non-line of sight analysis for vehicular visible light communication system: Impact of artificial light source and weather conditions
Authors: Tawfik Nagwan I. , El-Mokadem Eslam S. , Aly Moustafa H. , El-Deeb Walid S.
Published: April 2024

Visible light communication is seen as a crucial technology within optical wireless communication systems. The technology of vehicular visible light communication holds significant importance in the context of connected vehicles. This technology can serve as a supplementary solution to vehicular systems that are based on radio frequency. In this paper, the authors conduct an analysis of the performance of both line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight vehicle-to-vehicle visible light communication systems under the effect of artificial light source and weather conditions, including clear, hazy, and foggy weather. A practical vehicular laser diode, a street lamp, and an avalanche photodiode are used to design the proposed system model. Performance enhancement for the proposed system is achieved using an optical amplifier at the receiving end. An artificial light source of light-emitting diode Corn-type is used to represent an ambient artificial light source. Different metrics such as quality factor and bit error rate are used to assess the system performance of the non-line-of-sight-vehicular communication system. The proposed line-of-sight model achieves a data rate of 25 Gbps, supporting a distance of 80 m under clear sky and hazy atmospheric conditions. For foggy weather, an attainable link distance of 70 m is achieved. The achieved results emphasize the suitability of the suggested models for vehicular applications in real world environment.
Scoping review of the use of mesenchymal stem and stromal cell products in cats, Part 1: current logistics and safety
Authors: Webb Tracy L. , Webb Craig B.
Published: April 2024

Despite a pressing need for new therapies to address unmet veterinary medical need, no approved stem cell products are available for use in cats in the US. To evaluate the current state of mesenchymal stem or stromal cell (MSC) research in cats, a scoping review of published literature was performed, which identified 108 publications related to feline MSCs. Twenty-six of the articles described administration of MSC products to a total of 215 cats. Twelve of the studies included a control group. These experimental and clinical trials used 7 cell sources, 9 administration routes, 12 delivery vehicles, and a 300-fold range in dosages for initial studies in healthy cats and cats with 12 naturally occurring and induced diseases. The majority of studies administered 2 doses of allogeneic, adipose-derived MSC IV and monitored a median of 6.5 treated cats for a median of 90 days. The majority (150/215 [69.8%]) of cats had no reported adverse events associated with treatment. Although an increase in feline MSC publications in the past 10 years indicates progress, the wide variety and small number of studies using MSCs and MSC products in cats demonstrates that current evaluations are mostly still in the discovery phase, and several issues remain related to larger scale trials using MSC products in cats. The current available publications provide information to direct further clinical study development and informed owner consent for study enrollment.
Relationships of apolipoprotein E genotypes with a cluster of seven in persons with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Barre Douglas E. , Mizier-Barre Kazimiera A. , Griscti Odette , Hafez Kevin
Published: April 2024

Objective.

The objective of the study was to determine if there would be statistically significant differences or trends among apolipoprotein E genotypes (2/2, 2/3, 2/4, 3/3, 3/4, and 4/4) for each member of the cluster of seven associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The cluster of seven includes abdominal obesity, hypertension, platelet hyperaggregability, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia (decreased plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and increased plasma levels of triglycerides)), increased low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation, and increased inflammation.

Methods.

Forty-six patients with well-controlled T2D participated in the study. Abdominal obesity (assessed by waist circumference), hypertension (measured by manual sphygmomanometry), platelet hyperaggregability (measured by bleeding time), hyperglycemia (by enzymatic kit and spectrophotometry), decreased plasma levels of HDL-C and increased plasma levels of triglycerides (by enzymatic kit and spectrophotometry), increased LDL oxidation (measured by LDL conjugated dienes using spectrophotometry) and increased inflammation measured by C-reactive protein (CRP) (by EIA kit) were determined.

Results.

All genotypes, except 2/2 were found in the population studied. Abdominal obesity did not vary significantly across the five genotypes. However, glucose levels trended progressively higher going from 2/3 to 2/4 to 3/4 to 4/4. Systolic blood pressure was higher in 3/4 compared to 2/4 and trended higher in 3/4 compared to 3/3. Diastolic blood pressure trended higher in 3/3 vs 2/4 and significantly higher in 3/4 compared to 2/4. Triglycerides trended higher in 3/4 vs 3/3 while HDL-C came close to trending downward in 4/4 compared to 2/4. Bleeding time was unaffected by genotype. Plasma LDL conjugated dienes trended higher in 3/4 vs 2/4 and were significantly higher in 3/4 vs 3/3. CRP trended higher in 4/4 vs 2/3.

Conclusion.

We can conclude that those with at least one 4 allele in the presence of another allele being 2, 3 or 4 is potentially (in the case of trends) deleterious or is deleterious in terms of hyperglycemia, hypertension (systolic and diastolic blood pressure), dyslipidemia, LDL conjugated dienes and CRP levels.
ERN1 knockdown modifies the hypoxic regulation of homeobox gene expression in U87MG glioblastoma cells
Authors: Krasnytska Daria A. , Khita Olena O. , Viletska Yuliia M. , Minchenko Dmytro O. , Halkin Oleh V. , Rudnytska Olha V. , Hoian Sofiia L. , Minchenko Oleksandr H.
Published: April 2024

Objective.

Homeobox genes play an important role in health and disease including oncogenesis. The present investigation aimed to study ERN1-dependent hypoxic regulation of the expression of genes encoding homeobox proteins MEIS (zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 2) and LIM homeobox 1 family, SPAG4 (sperm associated antigen 4) and NKX3-1 (NK3 homeobox 1) in U87MG glioblastoma cells in response to inhibition of ERN1 (endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling 1) for evaluation of their possible significance in the control of glioblastoma growth.

Methods.

The expression level of homeobox genes was studied in control (transfected by vector) and ERN1 knockdown U87MG glioblastoma cells under hypoxia induced by dimethyloxalylglycine (0.5 mM for 4 h) by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and normalized to ACTB.

Results.

It was found that hypoxia down-regulated the expression level of LHX2, LHX6, MEIS2, and NKX3-1 genes but up-regulated the expression level of MEIS1, LHX1, MEIS3, and SPAG4 genes in control glioblastoma cells. At the same time, ERN1 knockdown of glioblastoma cells significantly modified the sensitivity of all studied genes to a hypoxic condition. Thus, ERN1 knockdown of glioblastoma cells removed the effect of hypoxia on the expression of MEIS1 and LHX1 genes, but increased the sensitivity of MEIS2, LHX2, and LHX6 genes to hypoxia. However, the expression of MEIS3, NKX3-1, and SPAG4 genes had decreased sensitivity to hypoxia in ERN1 knockdown glioblastoma cells. Moreover, more pronounced changes under the conditions of ERN1 inhibition were detected for the pro-oncogenic gene SPAG4.

Conclusion.

The results of the present study demonstrate that hypoxia affected the expression of homeobox genes MEIS1, MEIS2, MEIS3, LHX1, LHX2, LHX6, SPAG4, and NKX3-1 in U87MG glioblastoma cells in gene-specific manner and that the sensitivity of all studied genes to hypoxia condition is mediated by ERN1, the major pathway of the endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling, and possibly contributed to the control of glioblastoma growth. A fundamentally new results of this work is the establishment of the fact regarding the dependence of hypoxic regulation of SPAG4 gene expression on ER stress, in particular ERN1, which is associated with suppression of cell proliferation and tumor growth.
The relationship between the tumor and its innervation: historical, methodical, morphological, and functional assessments – A minireview
Authors: Blasko Filip , Horvathova Lubica
Published: April 2024

The acceptance of the tumor as a non-isolated structure within the organism has opened a space for the study of a wide spectrum of potential direct and indirect interactions, not only between the tumor tissue and its vicinity, but also between the tumor and its macroenvironment, including the nervous system. Although several lines of evidence have implicated the nervous system in tumor growth and progression, for many years, researchers believed that tumors lacked innervation and the notion of indirect neuro-neoplastic interactions via other systems (e.g., immune, or endocrine) predominated. The original idea that tumors are supplied not only by blood and lymphatic vessels, but also autonomic and sensory nerves that may influence cancer progression, is not a recent phenomenon. Although in the past, mainly due to the insufficiently sensitive methodological approaches, opinions regarding the presence of nerves in tumors were inconsistent. However, data from the last decade have shown that tumors are able to stimulate the formation of their own innervation by processes called neo-neurogenesis and neo-axonogenesis. It has also been shown that tumor infiltrating nerves are not a passive, but active components of the tumor microenvironment and their presence in the tumor tissue is associated with an aggressive tumor phenotype and correlates with poor prognosis. The aim of the present review was to 1) summarize the available knowledge regarding the course of tumor innervation, 2) present the potential mechanisms and pathways for the possible induction of new nerve fibers into the tumor microenvironment, and 3) highlight the functional significance/consequences of the nerves infiltrating the tumors.
Regional Development Funds: Creation Rationale and Models of Operation
Authors: Radło Mariusz-Jan , Ignor Marek , Sum Katarzyna
Published: April 2024

Subject and purpose of work:

The purpose of the article is to present the creation of Regional Development Funds (Regionalne Fundusze Rozwoju - RFR) in Poland, their organisational models and factors influencing their development and choice of model. The research is also focused on the analysis of the variety of RFRs and their sources.

Materials and methods:

The research collects and presents data on RFRs operating in Poland, and analyses these data in the context of selected legal and administrative conditions.

Results:

The analysis showed significant variation among RFRs in terms of functional/ organisational models and scale of operation. The choice of an operating model for an RDF is influenced by factors such as the maturity of regional financial markets, the amount of RDF funds and the types of financial instruments offered.

Conclusions:

The study highlights the development of the financial market segment working with local authorities and businesses over the past decade. It draws attention to an increasing importance of financial instruments and institutions in development policies implemented by voivodeship governments.
The Role of the Local Government in Fostering Entrepreneurship – Evidence from Municipalities in the Kraków Metropolitan Area
Authors: Sroka Wojciech , Filipiak Tadeusz , Barczyk-Ciuła Justyna
Published: April 2024

Subject and purpose of work

The study was conducted in the municipalities of the Kraków Metropolitan Area. It aims to identify models for supporting local entrepreneurship and assess their effectiveness. The effectiveness of the models was evaluated by measuring the diversity and changes in the number of enterprises in the area. We also presented entrepreneurs’ opinions on their satisfaction with specific policies.

Materials and methods:

Secondary ( literature and statistical data) and primary data sources were used in the paper. The primary source was a survey among entrepreneurs. The survey research to assess the performance of entrepreneurship policy involved 21 municipalities. We apply a mixed-method approach here (comparative indicator analysis, cluster analysis and Kruskal-Wallis tests).

Results:

The research demonstrated that the policy involving entrepreneurship support through tax instruments (reduced local tax rates) does not contribute significantly to providing entrepreneurship-fostering conditions. The study revealed that the level of entrepreneurship may be affected more by the expenditure policy, such as the municipality’s efforts to establish special economic zones, organise training, establish business information points, etc.

Conclusions:

Local governments (LG) that are attractive to investors (such as easily available infrastructure and proximity to markets) should adopt high property-tax rates. The tax is undervalued in peri-urban municipalities (compared to property value) and does not burden the business. Second, LG should focus on hard projects. They should intensify spatial planning and land management to ensure space for business to grow. It will entail conflicts and balancing the needs of diverse social groups, but it must be done to stimulate local socioeconomic development.
Evaluation of the Pit Changes Introduced in 2022 as Part of the “Polish Deal”
Authors: Deresz Agnieszka Ewa , Podstawka Marian Grzegorz
Published: April 2024

Subject and purpose of work:

The subject of this paper is to evaluate the ‘Polish Deal’ programme introduced in 2022 in the tax area. The purpose of this article is to show the impact of the ‘Polish Deal’ legislation on net salaries of persons employed under an employment contract.

Materials and methods:

The paper is based on an analysis of legal provisions in the tax area, being one of the pillars of the ‘Polish Deal’. A simulation of the impact of the new tax rules on net salaries introduced from the beginning of January 2022 (‘Polish Deal 1’) and from the beginning of July 2022 (‘Polish Deal 2’) has been carried out.

Results:

The new personal taxation rules introduced by the ‘Polish Deal’ have contributed to an increase in net salaries of employees receiving a gross salary of less than PLN 12,000 per month and a reduction in the labour income of employees earning a salary above this amount.

Conclusions:

By strengthening the degree of progressivity, the reform of the tax system under the ‘Polish Deal’ has significantly affected the net income of natural persons receiving remuneration under an employment relationship. However, the new tax rules introduced in a fast-track manner by the ‘Polish Deal’ have raised a number of controversies among both employers and employees.
Assessing the Extent of Financial Inclusion Through Bank Office Expansion in Haryana
Authors: Rani Mamta , Siwach Manoj
Published: April 2024

Subject and purpose of work:

The study presents a comprehensive analysis of the banking sector in Haryana from 2007 to 2022.

Materials and methods:

The study is based on secondary data. The number of bank branches, deposits, and credits in the state are just a few economic indicators covered in the Statistical Abstract of Haryana. The compound growth rate is calculated to assess the growth of a bank.

Results:

The findings reveal a consistent rising trend in bank branches, credit and deposits of commercial banks. Notable trends include increasing bank branches, a surge in deposits and robust credit growth, indicating a dynamic and thriving banking sector. The Credit-Deposit ratio gradually increased from 2007 to 2011, reaching a peak in 2012 at 102.10%.

Conclusions:

The overall number of bank offices has increased dramatically due to the state’s growing financial sector. The steady expansion in bank branches indicates a sustained effort to improve accessibility and financial inclusion.
Anniversary Editorial: 15 Volumes of European Countryside Issued
Authors: Šťastná Milada , Vaishar Antonín , Pavlata Leoš
Published: April 2024

The paper evaluates the first 15 editions of the European Countryside magazine in relation to the EURORURAL conferences and international projects of the Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology of the Mendel University in Brno.
Challenges and Prospects for the Determinants of Socioeconomic Development in Rural Areas: Evidence from Lithuania
Authors: Lankauskienė Rita , Gedminaitė-Raudonė Živilė
Published: April 2024

This article presents the newly introduced model for EU policy-making, based on combined ‘bottom-up’ and ‘place-based’ approaches by establishing rural science-society-policy interfaces – Multi-Actor Platforms (MAPs). MAPs are open forums for exchanging relevant ideas in solving region’s most urgent place-based challenges, performing co-learning, and acting as knowledge co-creation platforms for the contribution of creating reflective research and policy agendas for the future of Europe’s rural areas. The main aim of this paper is to explore the challenges and prospects for the determinants of socioeconomic development (i.e., entrepreneurship, social economy, and sustainable and resilient value chains) in rural areas, based on SHERPA science-society-policy interface co-learning and co-creation results in Lithuanian MAP. Research results show that the combined bottom-up and place-based approaches with the help of regional MAPs as science-society-policy rural interfaces hold high potential to be applied to develop reflective research and policy agendas for the regions in the EU.
Bridging the Gap. Policies to Accelerate Social Change for an Inclusive Rural Digital Transformation in Sweden
Authors: Lindberg Johanna , Runardotter Mari , Ståhlbröst Anna
Published: April 2024

This study explores officials’ perspectives on Swedish policies for rural digital transformation (RDT). Through the lens of Social Acceleration and systems thinking, employing Critical Systems Heuristics collecting empirical data, we explore how officials perceive that Swedish digitalisation policies impacts inclusive RDT. We investigate whether the possibility to implement Swedish digitalisation policies support or hinder inclusive RDT. Our results emphasize the importance of Social Acceleration based on the aspirations of rural residents, encompassing technical acceleration, social change, and the pace of life. The rapid societal acceleration driven by digitalisation impacts the implementation of digital services in rural areas. Policies do not address the needs of tailored digital services; officials strive to manage this through creative methods despite inherent challenges.
‘Is Second the New First?’ – The Conversion of Second Homes Into Primary Ones During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sulyok Judit , Nemes Gusztáv , Orbán Éva , Tomay Kyra
Published: April 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought profound changes to the realm of second-home tourism, with far-reaching consequences for rural areas. Our quantitative survey of Hungary explores the multifaceted implications of this transformation along three axes: motivations, usage patterns, and future intentions. The results show that the COVID-19 pandemic has reinforced the trend of rural gentrification, turning many second-homes into permanent residences. Two locations play a crucial role in this phenomenon: Budapest as a source on the one hand, and traditional destinations, primarily Lake Balaton, on the other. The sudden increase of users posed challenges for the local infrastructure and public services, and the differences in values, preferences, and behaviour between new and old residents, may also create tensions and problems. Policymakers face the delicate task of balancing local needs with those of the burgeoning second-home population. Shaping a sustainable future for rural areas therefore requires strategic planning in order to amplify the positive impact and mitigate potential drawbacks.
Response of Short Food Supply Chains in Western Balkan Countries to the COVID Crisis: A Case Study in the Honey Sector
Authors: Paraušić Vesna , Dashi Etleva Muça , Subić Jonel , Pomianek Iwona , Šarić Bojana Bekić
Published: April 2024

Operation of short food supply chains (abbr. SFSCs) during the period of the pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus provided a lesson which might be useful for perceiving the behaviour of farmers and local food systems in potential future crises caused by various endogenous or exogenous factors. A study based on a sample of 1081 beekeepers in Western Balkan countries shows how beekeepers involved in SFSCs perceived the influence of the pandemic on the growth of demand and sale of honey through these marketing channels. On the scale from 1 (no influence) to 7 (very strong influence), the average rating of 3.53 indicated a weak to moderate influence, which was fairly consistent across the countries of this region. The Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney test determined that large-scale beekeepers, those in mountainous areas, those adding value to honey and beekeepers producing other bee products apart from honey stated that the pandemic had a stronger influence on the growth of demand and sale of honey through SFSCs. At the same time, a higher rating of the pandemic’s influence on sales growth was accompanied by greater limitations of beekeepers regarding the availability of family labour for selling honey, as well as by greater needs for digital marketing knowledge and skills. Binary logistic regression showed that the increase in beekeepers’ age led to the decreased rating of the influence of the pandemic on the growth of demand and sale of honey through SFSCs. It also showed that the influence rating rose with the increase in production capacity, adding value to honey and beekeepers’ needs for digital marketing knowledge and skills. The obtained results provide valuable knowledge about the potential response of SFSCs and involved producers to future crises and disruptions. It is primarily intended for policy makers, but also to practitioners and scientific and expert communities. All of them should respond proactively on behalf of society and prepare themselves for future challenges.
Transdisciplinary Research for Sustainable Development: Diverse and Best-Practice at European Technical Universities
Authors: LEURS Inge , ROSTEK Katarzyna , WIECK Kathrin , BACKHAUS Julia , OROZCO-MESSANA Javier
Published: April 2024

As societal challenges grow, so does the role of universities in finding social and technological solutions. Technical universities are prominent in educating future innovators and developing desired technological and social change. This paper seeks to identify commonalities and better understand differences to develop strategies for mutual support and exchange of best practices. The methodological approach focuses on three questions concerning 1) the common understanding of transdisciplinary, 2) the diversity of transdisciplinary approaches to sustainable development, and 3) the different institutional structures that enable and promote transdisciplinary approaches to sustainability. The qualitative exploratory research suggests that a higher level of societal engagement in scientific research positively impacts societal transformation towards sustainability. This research is also a first step towards making transdisciplinary research at technical universities more visible and transparent to provide better support and create a mutual learning environment for discussing and continuously developing strategies for organizational change.
Performance of green high-strength concrete incorporating palm oil fuel ash in harsh environments
Authors: Zeyad Abdullah M. , Johari Megat Azmi Megat , Aliakbar Ali , Magbool Hassan M. , Majid Taksiah A. , Aldahdooh Majed A. A.
Published: April 2024

The corrosion of steel reinforcement by chloride is commonly recognized as a key factor that contributes to the degradation of durability in reinforced concreae structures. Using supplementary cementitious materials, such as industrial and agricultural waste materials, usually enhances the impermeability of the concrete and its corrosion resistance, acid resistance, and sulfate resistance. This study’s primary purpose is to examine the effects of replacing ordinary Portland cement (OPC) with ultrafine palm oil fuel ash (U-POFA) on the corrosion resistant performance of high-strength green concrete (HSGC). There were four HSGC mixes tested; the first mix contained 100% OPC, while the other mixes replaced OPC mass with 20%, 40%, and 60% of U-POFA. The performance of all HSGC mixes containing U-POFA on workability, compressive strength, porosity, water absorption, impressed voltage test, and mass loss was investigated at 7, 28, 60, and 90 days. Adding U-POFA to mixes enhances their workability, compressive strength (CS), water absorption, and porosity in comparison with mixes that contain 100% OPC. The findings clearly portrayed that the utilization of U-POFA as a partial alternative for OPC significantly enhances the corrosion-resistant performance of the HSGC. In general, it is strongly advised that a high proportion of U-POFA be incorporated, totaling 60% of the OPC content. This recommendation is the result of its significance as an environmentally friendly and cost-effective green pozzolanic material. Hence, it could contribute to the superior durability performance of concrete structures, particularly in aggressive environmental exposures.

Highlights

The corrosion resistance performance of high-strength green concrete was investigated.

Ultrafine palm oil fuel ash as a partial alternative of cement mass with 20%, 40%, and 60% was used.

HSGC performance was evaluated in terms of workability, compressive strength, water absorption, porosity, impact stress testing, and mass loss.
Evaluation of the Effects of Gastro Protect as an Alternative Medicine on Gastritis and Other Gastrointestinal Symptoms
Authors: Nikolova Dafina , Trajkovska Meri , Trpcevska Emilija Nikolovska , Andreevski Vladimir , Stardelova Kalina Grivceva , Velic Vesna
Published: April 2024

Introduction:

The use of herbal medicine as a part of the Complementary and Alternative Medicine is increasing worldwide. Herbal remedies are used to better different conditions including gastritis.

Material and Methods:

We conducted a prospective randomized control clinical trial on a total sample of 72 patients with gastritis in order to examine the effects of the commercial herbal product Gastro Protect. After 6 weeks of conventional therapy the patients were divided into two groups with 36 patients each. As a continuation of the treatment, Group 1 received conventional therapy + Gastro Protect and Group 2 received conventional therapy + Placebo.

We analyzed 14 selected gastrointestinal symptoms, five related to digestive problems, and nine related to stool and bowel problems. For assessing the selected symptoms we used seven point gastrointestinal symptom rating scale (GSRS).

Results:

The Gastro Protect group had a significantly lower GSRS score (better condition) compared to the Placebo group related to all five selected symptoms of digestive problems as: abdominal pain (p=0.0250), hunger pain (p=0.0276), nausea (p=0.0019), heartburn (p=0.00001), and acid reflux (p=0.0017). The Gastro Protect group, also had a significantly lower GSRS score (better condition) compared to the Placebo group related to three out of nine selected bowel symptoms: rumbling (p=0.0022), abdominal distension (p=0.0029), and gas or flatus (p=0.0039).

Conclusion:

Gastro protect was effective in treating gastritis and other gastrointestinal symptoms. It was safe for usage and showed almost no side effects. In our study, Gastro Protect reduced the examined gastric symptoms and related examined intestinal symptoms.