bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ritual Sesajen pada Pelaksaan Upacara Pernikahan Adat Jawa
Authors: Septia Reni
Published: February 2025

Marriage in Javanese society is not only a legal and religious bond, but also involves a series of traditional processions that have spiritual and symbolic values. One important element in this procession is the offering, which is used to ask for blessings from ancestors and ask for blessings from God so that the marriage runs smoothly and is full of blessings. This article discusses the meaning and philosophy of the offering culture in Javanese traditional wedding rituals, especially in Grenjeng Village. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with interviews, observations, and documentation studies as data collection methods. Offerings in Javanese traditional weddings in Grenjeng Village contain various symbols that reflect life values, such as happiness, loyalty, and courage. Several elements in the offering, such as plantain, coconut, setaman flowers, kampung chicken eggs, shallots and garlic, chilies, rice, and mendong mats, each have a deep philosophy related to the hope that the bride and groom can live a harmonious and blessed household life. This study shows that the offering culture not only has a symbolic dimension but also functions as a medium for preserving local wisdom and spirituality in Javanese society. Therefore, it is important to preserve this tradition so that it remains relevant among the younger generation.
The model of contact erosion at a non-stationary arc spot
Authors: Kharin Stanislav , Shpadi Yuriy
Published: February 2025

The model of arc evolution and instability based on the dynamics of arc root is presented in this paper. It is shown that heating of cathode material and ejection of metallic vapors from cathode to plasma increases arc resistivity and entails arc instability at certain critical current. Phenomenon of arc-to glow transition in low current inductive electrical circuits due to arc instability is considered as a special case.
Empathy and Abjection after Burke (2): Embodied Narrative and the Resistance against Persuasion
Authors: Baumlin James S.
Published: February 2025

This present essay continues a two-part survey devoted to Kenneth Burke’s agonistic model of rhetoric—specifically, its binary of identification/division among speakers and audiences—and its permutations throughout late-20th century theory. Like Part 1, Part 2 of this double essay asks, What is it in rhetoric that leads it to succeed, or fail, as an instrument of persuasion?
The latest advances in cognitive science have rhetorical implications, in that the neurophysiological effects of language (written as well as spoken) can be mapped with seeming precision via the brain’s “mirror neuron system.” This discovery reinforces the role of empathy in contemporary models of “embodied narrative.” Yet a further discovery, the neurophysiological basis of abjection—that is, of visceral responses of rejection, expulsion, and disgust (Kristeva)—reinforces, in some audiences on some occasions, one’s strength of resistance to opposing discourses. It seems that we must learn to speak of persuasion, not as a change of mind, but as a change of brain chemistry. One’s politics, it turns out, often correlates to specific personality traits, which are themselves “hardwired” into individuals’ brain functions where cognitive-affective “triggers” of empathy dominate in some, of abjection in others. It’s not an empathetic “listening-rhetoric” (Booth) so much as a rhetoric-of-resistance that dominates in American popular/political culture. This insight undergirds the political philosophy of “agonistic pluralism” (Mouffe), an emerging theory in politics and the social sciences; Burkean in implication, it’s a theory custom-made for contemporary models of rhetoric.
Returning to ethical/ethotic themes introduced in Part 1, this present essay ends with a meditation on public discourse in the United States today.
Structural modeling of L-galactonolactone dehydrogenase from Trypanosoma cruzi
Authors: Shegolev Vsevolod Olegovich , Veselovsky Aleksandr Vladimirovich , Kudryashova Elena Vadimovna
Published: February 2025

A structural model of the Trypanosoma cruzi l-galactonolactone dehydrogenase enzyme, a potential drug target for Chagas disease, is presented. Constructed using a hybrid approach, the model was validated via molecular dynamics, ensemble docking and experimental data (circular dichroism and IC50 values) with good agreement. The model holds promise for virtual screening of new inhibitors.
Dynamic surface properties of oat protein dispersions
Authors: Khrebina Alexandra Dmitrievna , Akentiev Alexander Vladimirovich , Wan Zhili , Noskov Boris Anatol'evich
Published: February 2025

Dynamic surface properties of the dispersions of a plant protein, oat globulin, were determined in a broad concentration range. The dilational dynamic surface elasticity of the dispersions exceeded significantly the values for native protein solutions indicating that fibrils can effectively stabilize multiphase disperse systems; thus, they can find various applications in the production of new materials.
A universal method for preparing highly dispersed bimetallic nanoparticles: the case of Pd-Fe
Authors: Gulevich Semyon A , Shcherbakova-Sandu Mariya Petrovna , Meshcheryakov Eugene P , Chernyavskii Aleksandr V , Kurzina Irina Alexandrovna
Published: February 2025

A new approach to the synthesis of highly dispersed deposited bimetallic Pd-Fe nanoparticles with a median size of 3-4 nm and a narrow size distribution has been developed, based on the use of metal acetylacetonates as starting materials. It has been established that Pd in the presence of Fe undergoes strong oxidation compared to monometallic nanoparticles. Comparison of the obtained results with data for other systems has shown the universality of the method for preparing highly dispersed palladium-based bimetallic nanoparticles.
ANALYSIS OF THE ANNUAL PLANNING PROCESS IN DINAS KESEHATAN PROVINSI DKI JAKARTA ON THE YEAR OF 2019
Authors:   Administrasi Kebijakan Kesehatan, Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia, Rahmalina Septia , Basabih Masyitoh ,   Department of Health Policy and Administration, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
Published: February 2025

Planning is important in setting the basis for regulating and controlling the goals to be achieved from a system. The purpose of this research is to understand the annual planning process in Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi DKI Jakarta in the year 2019. The research is a descriptive study with qualitative methods. The data were collected through in-depth interviews and document review. This research found that the human resources (HR) of the existing planning staff were not in accordance with the needs. There was also no standard operational procedure (SOP) that regulates both in terms of planning HR needs and a more detailed planning process that could be used as a reference for planning staff in planning preparation. The researcher suggests that the planner's quality needs to be improved again, given adequate facilities and more detailed SOP development. Keywords: Planning is important in setting the basis for regulating and controlling the goals to be achieved from a system. The purpose of this research is to understand the annual planning process in Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi DKI Jakarta in the year 2019. The research is a descriptive study with qualitative methods. The data were collected through in-depth interviews and document review. This research found that the human resources (HR) of the existing planning staff were not in accordance with the needs. There was also no standard operational procedure (SOP) that regulates both in terms of planning HR needs and a more detailed planning process that could be used as a reference for planning staff in planning preparation. The researcher suggests that the planner's quality needs to be improved again, given adequate facilities and more detailed SOP development.
Preparation and thermal performance tuning of multidimensional carbon-based microcapsule phase change composites
Authors: HE Chenbo  , WANG Zihan  , TANG Guihua  , SUN Jingjing  , SUN Chencheng  , LI Junning  , WANG Xiaoyan  ,   1 MOE Key laboratory of Thermal-Fluid and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China;,   2 Science and Technology on Advance Functional Composites Laboratory, Aerospace Research Institute of Materials & Processing Technology, Beijing 100076, China
Published: February 2025

To meet the requirements of both high thermal conductivity and substantial latent heat storage and release in spacecraft thermal management materials, this study employs a hot-pressing technique to fabricate a multidimensional carbon-based, thermally enhanced microencapsulated phase change composite. This approach addresses the limitations of conventional phase change materials, which exhibit low thermal conductivity and a propensity for liquid leakage. By integrating experimental assessments with finite element numerical simulations, we systematically investigated the effects of varying contents and ratios of microencapsulated phase change materials, flake graphite, and pitch-based carbon fibers on the composite’s thermal properties, specifically thermal conductivity and latent heat. Furthermore, the formation mechanism of the internal multidimensional thermal conduction network was elucidated.
The results indicate that introducing multidimensional thermally conductive materials into the microencapsulated phase change system, coupled with the optimization of component composition and structure, can establish a continuous and dense multidimensional carbon-based conduction network. Leveraging the synergistic effects of these conductive materials and employing a multi-size flake graphite filling strategy significantly enhanced the overall thermal conductivity of the composite, reaching 1.021 W·m-1·K-1, while maintaining a high latent heat of 81.540 J·g-1. These findings provide theoretical and practical guidance for the optimization and application of advanced thermal management materials in spacecrafts.
In vitro Evaluation of Biocontrol Agents against Leaf Spot Disease of Okra Caused by Cercospora sp.
Authors: Chandra Swati , Jha P.K.
Published: February 2025

Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) is an important vegetable crop that cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. It is mostly grown for its delicate fruit, stem, flower and bud. Like other crop, okra is also attacked by many diseases. Among all diseases, leaf spot is major disease which causes heavy loss to the crop. During isolation and identification it was identified as Cercospora and varied in their cultural and morphological character. Pathogenecity test was also proved by using Koch’s postulates. During course of study, 4 bio control agents were evaluated under in vitro condition for their effectiveness. Among all bio control agents Bacillus subtilis showed maximum inhibition at different time intervals of 68.14 %, 76.00 %, 81.17 % at 72 hrs, 120hrs, 168 hrs respectively followed by Trichoderma harzianum with 66.02 %, 72.27% and 77.25 % respectively at 72hrs, 120 hrs, 168 hrs. Similarly other bio control agents –Trichoderma asperellum and Pseudomonas fluorescens were also found effective with inhibition of 62.60 %, 70.74%, 76.24% and 60.20%, 69.45%, 75.05% respectively at 72hrs, 120hrs, and 168hrs. The result from present investigation revealed that Bacillus subtilis was found most effective in the suppression of pathogen growth. In future investigations, this bio-control agent might be further assessed for the effective treatment of okra leaf spot disease.
Gender Dimensions of Roles and Implications of Plantation Agriculture: A Critical Look at Cameroon Development Cooperation (CDC) Debundscha Palm Estate Pre and Post-Anglophone Crisis
Authors: Monono Kame Hannah Liengu , Fokum Violet , Dzou Georges
Published: February 2025

Background: Gender analysis of plantation agriculture is at an important point in history as more and more women continue to gain entry into plantation work. While governments view it as gender balanced and as an issue of equality in terms of employments, feminists are more concerned with the labour realities and job segregation that affects the status of workers especially female workers.
Aims: To examine the well-being and gender dynamics of workers at the Debundscha Palm plantation in Cameroon, focusing on changes before and after the Anglophone crisis
Study Design: This study used two Research Designs, Descriptive and investigative, because it is a mixed study.
Place: Situated at the foot of Mount Cameroon and facing the South Atlantic Ocean. The research focused in Njonge 2, Isongo, and Debundscha camps.
Methodology: Using questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, and focus group discussions, the study analyzes data quantitatively with SPSS and qualitatively. It employs frameworks such as the Harvard Analytical Framework, sex role socialization, and Human Capital Theory to explore the low-paid positions predominantly held by women and how the Cameroon Development Corporation (CDC) values workers' skills for sustainable development.
Results: The findings indicate a pronounced gender-based division of labor, with men in higher-paying positions and women in lower-paid roles. The Anglophone crisis affected all workers, resulting in irregular pay, health issues, and heightened risks of crime and prostitution. Social challenges included inadequate healthcare. Women faced additional discrimination in education and training compared to men.
Conclusion: Overall, the study underscores the complex interplay of gender and well-being in a labor context marked by crisis, revealing persistent inequalities between gender and labor conditions. The findings emphasize the need for greater attention to gender equity and resource allocation to enhance living and working conditions for all plantation workers.
Automated Claims Processing in Guidewire ClaimCenter: Enhancing Efficiency and Accuracy in the Insurance Industry
Authors: Shreedharan Krishna Kumar
Published: February 2025

Aims: This study explores the benefits, challenges, and future trends in implementation of automated claims processing in Guidewire ClaimCenter, a leading software platform for insurance providers and provides insights to help insurers who intend to implement automated claims processing in Guidewire ClaimCenter.
Study Design:  Mixed-methods approach, combining both qualitative and quantitative research to provide a comprehensive analysis of automation in Guidewire’s claims processing.
Place and Duration of Study: Analysis between February 2024 and September 2024, based on data from North America, Europe, and Asia-Pacific insurance markets as documented in vendor case studies, expert interviews, customer testimonials, and industry reports.
Methodology: Reviewed Guidewire product documentation, industry reports, whitepapers, and research papers related to digital transformation in insurance. Case study analysis from insurance companies that have implemented Guidewire ClaimCenter for claims automation, like Nationwide, AXA, and Liberty Mutual. Key performance indicators analyzed include claims processing time, cost savings, fraud detection, and customer experience improvements. Quantitative analysis included an online survey targeting about 100 professionals like claim adjusters, underwriters, and claim managers in insurance companies using Guidewire ClaimCenter and the questions focused on customer satisfaction, efficiency improvements, and cost savings.
Results: Automated processing of claims in Guidewire ClaimCenter resulted up to 50% reduction in claim settlement time for standard claims, enhanced fraud detection, improved customer satisfaction, and reduced adjuster workload by up to 30%. Challenges with automated claims processing includes integration complexities, workforce adaptation, AI limitations, and handling complex claims.
Conclusion: Guidewire ClaimCenter’s automation capabilities are transforming claims processing by enhancing efficiency, reducing costs, and improving policyholder satisfaction. Case studies from insurers demonstrate how Guidewire’s automation has led to faster settlements, reduced fraud, and improved customer experiences. Insurers investing in Guidewire ClaimCenter’s automation capabilities will be well-positioned to stay competitive in the evolving digital landscape.
Comparative Analysis of Aromatic Properties of Fresh and Dried Date Seed Cinders Using IR and UV Spectroscopy in Accordance with ICH Guidelines
Authors: Saraswat Rashyap , Raikwar Ankita , Panda Subhranshu
Published: February 2025

Background: Date seeds being a source of edible oil, also used as a functional food ingredient because they are a good source of dietary fiber, phenolic compounds and antioxidants. This research includes study of aromatic property by UV Visible Spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy that measures the amount of infrared and ultraviolet light absorbed or transmitted by a sample to obtain spectrum. 
The aim of this study is to analyze and differentiate fresh fruit and dried fruit date seed cinders according to ICH guidelines and compare infrared spectra of fresh fruit and dried fruit date seed cinders to identify their distinct profiles.
Results: Quantitative estimation was conducted for moisture, ash, and pH. Both fresh as well as dried date seeds were roasted and then analyzed by IR for the chemical constituents present in them, evaluation of IR spectra and by UV spectroscopy.
Conclusion: Date seeds collected from Dried fruit depicted the highest concentration of distinct constituents. It was analyzed by FTIR study that both the sample does contain constituents of T Butter, Margarine, Lecithin, Olive oil, Sesame Oil, 1- Decanol, n-Nonyl Alcohol, Ethyl Propylene Polymer, Alcohol, Vaseline, Liquid paraffin, Ethyle, Hexadecane, Ethylene Acrylic Acid, 1-Octanol, n- Hexylamine, and Dodecane by UV Spectroscopy it was confirmed that dried date seeds does possess highly aromatic property with aromatic fragrance resembling to coffee which was found to be less in date seeds collected from Fresh fruits.
This research is all about determination of contents in roasted date seeds which can be further used for extraction studies and research development. But the difference was with the olemide, lecithin and some polymers composition in dried date seeds, it was confirmed that dried date seeds does possess highly aromatic property with aromatic fragrance resembling to coffee which was found to be less in date seeds collected from fruits.
Liposomes with detachable polymer coating: destabilization and fusion of dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine vesicles triggered by cleavage of surface‐grafted poly(ethylene glycol)
Authors: Kirpotin Dmitri , Hong Keelung , Mullah Nasreen , Papahadjopoulos Demetrios , Zalipsky Samuel
Published: July 2002

Plasma‐stable liposomes (100 nm) were prepared from dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) and 3–6 mol% of a new disulfide‐linked poly(ethylene glycol)‐phospholipid conjugate (mPEG‐DTP‐DSPE). In contrast to similar preparations containing non‐cleavable PEG‐phospholipid conjugate, thiolytic cleavage of the grafted polymer chains facilitated rapid and complete release of the liposome contents. Furthermore, the detachment of PEG from DOPE liposomes resulted in liposomal fusion. Finally, while formulation of pH‐sensitive DOPE/cholesterol hemisuccinate liposomes with mPEG‐DTP‐DSPE abolished the pH sensitivity, cleavage of the PEG chains completely restored this property. These are the first examples of new useful properties of liposomes grafted with cleavable polymer.
Bisgaardia
Authors: Foster Geoffrey
Published: March 2021

Bis.gaar'di.a. N.L. fem. n.
Bisgaardia
to honour Magne Bisgaard, a contemporary Danish microbiologist, for his conribution to the taxonomy of the family
Pasteurellaceae
.

Proteobacteria / Gammaproteobacteria / Pasteurellales / Pasteurellaceae / Bisgaardia

Cells rod‐shaped, 0.2–0.5 × 0.5–1.0 μm
. Occasional longer forms occur.
Some cells demonstrate bipolar staining
. Gram‐negative.
Nonmotile. Facultative anaerobes
. Optimum temperature for growth, 37°C. Do not require X or V factors for growth. No growth occurs on MacConkey agar.
Catalase positive, oxidase positive. Nitrates are reduced to nitrites. Voges–Proskauer negative
.
Arginine dihydrolase, ornithine decarboxylase, lysine decarboxylase, urease, and indole are not produced
.
Acid produced from glucose.
Isolated from pinnipeds.

DNA G
 + 
C content (mol
%
)
: 33.6 (
T
m
).

Type species
:
Bisgaardia hudsonensis
Foster et al. 2011
VP
.
Acoustic‐Pressure‐Assisted Engineering of Aluminum Foams
Authors: Mettan Xavier , Martino Edoardo , Rossi Lidia , Jaćimović Jaćim , Krsnik Juraj , Barišić Osor S. , Babcsán Norbert , Beke Sándor , Mokso Rajmund , Kaptay George , Forró László
Published: March 2021

Shaping metals as a foam modulates their physical properties, enabling attractive applications where lightweight, low thermal conductivity, or acoustic isolation are desirable. Adjusting the size of the bubbles in the foams is particularly relevant for targeted applications. Herein, a method with a detailed theoretical understanding of how to tune the size of the bubbles in aluminum melts in situ via acoustic pressure is provided. The description is in full agreement with the high‐rate 3D X‐ray radioscopy of the bubble formation. The study with the intriguing results on the effect of foaming on electrical resistivity, Seebeck coefficient, and thermal conductivity from cryogenic to room temperature is complemented. Compared with bulk materials, the investigated foam shows an enhancement in the thermoelectric figure of merit. These results herald promising application of foaming in thermoelectric materials and devices for conversion of thermal energy.
Tuning the Electronic Bandgap of Graphdiyne by H‐Substitution to Promote Interfacial Charge Carrier Separation for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production
Authors: Li Jian , Slassi Amine , Han Xu , Cornil David , Ha‐Thi Minh‐Huong , Pino Thomas , Debecker Damien P. , Colbeau‐Justin Christophe , Arbiol Jordi , Cornil Jérôme , Ghazzal Mohamed Nawfal
Published: March 2021

Graphdiyne (GDY), which features a highly π‐conjugated structure, direct bandgap, and high charge carrier mobility, presents the major requirements for photocatalysis. Up to now, all photocatalytic studies are performed without paying too much attention on the GDY bandgap (1.1 eV at the G0W0 many‐body theory level). Such a narrow bandgap is not suitable for the band alignment between GDY and other semiconductors, making it difficult to achieve efficient photogenerated charge carrier separation. Herein, for the first time, it is demonstrated that tuning the electronic bandgap of GDY via H‐substitution (H‐GDY) promotes interfacial charge separation and improves photocatalytic H2 evolution. The H‐GDY exhibits an increased bandgap energy (≈2.5 eV) and exploitable conduction band minimum and valence band maximum edges. As a representative semiconductor, TiO2 is hybridized with both H‐GDY and GDY to fabricate a heterojunction. Compared to the GDY/TiO2, the H‐GDY/TiO2 heterojunction leads to a remarkable enhancement of the photocatalytic H2 generation by 1.35 times under UV–visible illumination (6200 µmol h−1 g−1) and four times under visible light (670 µmol h−1 g−1). Such enhancement is attributed to the suitable band alignment between H‐GDY and TiO2, which efficiently promotes the photogenerated electron and hole separation, as supported by density functional theory calculations.
Leveraging on ENZ Metamaterials to Achieve 2D and 3D Hyper‐Resolution in Two‐Photon Direct Laser Writing
Authors: Lio Giuseppe Emanuele , Ferraro Antonio , Ritacco Tiziana , Aceti Dante Maria , De Luca Antonio , Giocondo Michele , Caputo Roberto
Published: March 2021

A novel technique is developed to improve the resolution of two‐photon direct laser writing lithography. Thanks to the high collimation enabled by extraordinary εNZ (near‐zero) metamaterial features, ultrathin dielectric hyper‐resolute nanostructures are within reach. With respect to the standard direct laser writing approach, a size reduction of 89% and 50%, in height and width respectively, is achieved with the height of the structures adjustable between 5 and 50 nm. The retrieved 2D fabrication parameters are exploited for realizing extremely thin all‐dielectric metalenses tailored through deep machine learning codes. The hyper‐resolution achieved in the writing process enables the fabrication of a highly detailed dielectric 3D bas‐relief (with full height of 500 nm) of Da Vinci's “Lady with an Ermine”. The proof‐of‐concept results show intriguing cues for the current and trendsetting research scenario in anti‐counterfeiting applications and ultracompact photonics, paving the way for the realization of all‐dielectric and apochromatic ultrathin imaging systems.
A Transparent to Opaque Electrochromic Device Using Reversible Ag Deposition on PProDOT‐Me2 with Robust Stability
Authors: Sheng Kai , Xue Bin , Zheng Jianming , Xu Chunye
Published: March 2021

A hybrid device integrating both electrochromic (EC) and metal electrodepositing effects is developed. The device consists of a working electrode made with poly(3,4‐(2,2‐dimethyl‐propylenedioxy)thiophene) (PProDOT‐Me2), a counter electrode of bare indium tin oxide, and an electrolyte containing AgNO3, LiBr, and Br2. The electrolyte is specially designed to provide essential elements for both EC and electrodepositing reactions. By applying varying voltages, the device demonstrates three color states: transparent, blue, and opaque. Detailed measurements reveal that the device displays near‐zero transmittance in the opaque state and can work over 10 000 cycles, with 75.7% as the maximum optical modulation and about 5 s as its response time for both coloring and bleaching processes. This study may provide a way to break the limitation of conventional electrochromic devices (ECDs).
Spin‐Encoded Wavelength‐Direction Multitasking Janus Metasurfaces
Authors: Xu He‐Xiu , Wang Chaohui , Hu Guangwei , Wang Yanzhao , Tang Shiwei , Huang Yongjun , Ling Xiaohui , Huang Wei , Qiu Cheng‐Wei
Published: March 2021

The fruitful progress toward light manipulation in reflective (R) or transmissive (T) geometry (half‐space) has facilitated strong aspiration towards full‐space wave control. Although R–T synergistic strategy promises large‐capacity and integrated functionality, it imposes difficulty and challenges for direction of arrival (DoA) in full space via an ultrathin flat device. As of today, very limited demonstrations are reported for single‐wavelength and linear‐polarization operation in full space, significantly limiting the exploitable degrees of freedom (DoFs) for real‐world applications. Herein, a triple‐layer wavelength‐direction multitasking scheme for wide‐angle and large‐capacity DoA is reported, which is pivotal for blind‐free radar detection. By engineering two anisotropic sub‐meta‐atoms with high quality factor and simultaneous in‐plane and out‐of‐plane symmetry breaking, four R and two T spin‐conversion channels are achieved in wide‐angle operation with high efficiency and insulation. Above features and released DoFs would be extraordinarily beneficial for large‐capability and angle‐engineered advanced applications. Two proof‐of‐concept metadevices, i.e., a large‐scanning kaleidoscopic‐beam generator and a wide‐angle reverser for multi‐target tracking, are devised to verify the significance. Numerical and experimental results show predesigned functions at six channels with measured efficiency over 75%. The findings in achieving multi‐DoF multitasking can stimulate great interest in radar applications with versatile forming beams and multi‐channel integration.
An Artificial Polyacrylonitrile Coating Layer Confining Zinc Dendrite Growth for Highly Reversible Aqueous Zinc‐Based Batteries
Authors: Chen Peng , Yuan Xinhai , Xia Yingbin , Zhang Yi , Fu Lijun , Liu Lili , Yu Nengfei , Huang Qinghong , Wang Bin , Hu Xianwei , Wu Yuping , van Ree Teunis
Published: March 2021

Aqueous rechargeable zinc‐metal‐based batteries are an attractive alternative to lithium‐ion batteries for grid‐scale energy‐storage systems because of their high specific capacity, low cost, eco‐friendliness, and nonflammability. However, uncontrollable zinc dendrite growth limits the cycle life by piercing the separator, resulting in low zinc utilization in both alkaline and mild/neutral electrolytes. Herein, a polyacrylonitrile coating layer on a zinc anode produced by a simple drop coating approach to address the dendrite issue is reported. The coating layer not only improves the hydrophilicity of the zinc anode but also regulates zinc‐ion transport, consequently facilitating the uniform deposition of zinc ions to avoid dendrite formation. A symmetrical cell with the polymer‐coating‐layer‐modified Zn anode displays dendrite‐free plating/stripping with a long cycle lifespan (>1100 h), much better than that of the bare Zn anode. The modified zinc anode coupled with a Mn‐doped V2O5 cathode forms a stable rechargeable full battery. This method is a facile and feasible way to solve the zinc dendrite problem for rechargeable aqueous zinc‐metal batteries, providing a solid basis for application of aqueous rechargeable Zn batteries.
Further delineation of van den Ende‐Gupta syndrome: Genetic heterogeneity and overlap with congenital heart defects and skeletal malformations syndrome
Authors: Hildebrandt Clara C. , Patel Nisha , Graham John M. , Bamshad Michael , Nickerson Deborah A. , White Janson J. , Marvin Colby T. , Miller Danny E. ,   University of Washington Center for Mendelian Genomics, Grand Katheryn L. , Sanchez‐Lara Pedro A. , Schweitzer Daniela , Al‐Zaidan Hamad I. , Al Masseri Zainab , Alkuraya Fowzan S. , Lin Angela E.
Published: March 2021

Van den Ende‐Gupta syndrome (VDEGS) is a rare autosomal recessive condition characterized by distinctive facial and skeletal features, and in most affected persons, by biallelic pathogenic variants in SCARF2. We review the type and frequency of the clinical features in 36 reported individuals with features of VDEGS, 15 (42%) of whom had known pathogenic variants in SCARF2, 6 (16%) with negative SCARF2 testing, and 15 (42%) not tested. We also report three new individuals with pathogenic variants in SCARF2 and clinical features of VDEGS. Of the six persons without known pathogenic variants in SCARF2, three remain unsolved despite extensive genetic testing. Three were found to have pathogenic ABL1 variants using whole exome sequencing (WES) or whole genome sequencing (WGS). Their phenotype was consistent with the congenital heart disease and skeletal malformations syndrome (CHDSKM), which has been associated with ABL1 variants. Of the three unsolved cases, two were brothers who underwent WGS and targeted long‐range sequencing of both SCARF2 and ABL1, and the third person who underwent WES and RNA sequencing for SCARF2. Because these affected individuals with classical features of VDEGS lacked a detectable pathogenic SCARF2 variant, genetic heterogeneity is likely. Our study shows the importance of performing genetic testing on individuals with the VDEGS “phenotype,” either as a targeted gene analysis (SCARF2, ABL1) or WES/WGS. Additionally, individuals with the combination of arachnodactyly and blepharophimosis should undergo echocardiography while awaiting results of molecular testing due to the overlapping physical features of VDEGS and CHDSKM.
Natural and Synthetic Bioinks for 3D Bioprinting
Authors: Khoeini Roghayeh , Nosrati Hamed , Akbarzadeh Abolfazl , Eftekhari Aziz , Kavetskyy Taras , Khalilov Rovshan , Ahmadian Elham , Nasibova Aygun , Datta Pallab , Roshangar Leila , Deluca Dante C. , Davaran Soodabeh , Cucchiarini Magali , Ozbolat Ibrahim T.
Published: March 2021

Bioprinting offers tremendous potential in the fabrication of functional tissue constructs for replacement of damaged or diseased tissues. Among other fabrication methods used in tissue engineering, bioprinting provides accurate control over the construct's geometric and compositional attributes using an automated approach. Bioinks are composed of the hydrogel material and living cells that are critical process variables in the fabrication of functional, mechanically robust constructs. Appropriate cells can be encapsulated in bioinks to create functional tissue structures. Ideal bioinks are required to undergo a sol–gel transition consuming minimal processing time, and a plethora of chemical and physical crosslinking mechanisms are generally exploited to achieve high shape fidelity and construct stability. In contrast, crosslinking of hydrogel material at rapid rates can cause nozzle clogging, and hence, optimization of the bioink is often necessary. Bioinks can be formulated using natural or synthetic biomaterials, alone or in combination of these biomaterials. Herein, the various bioprinting methods are discussed; the natural, synthetic, or hybrid materials used as bioinks are analyzed; and the challenges, limitations, and future directions concerning the bioprinting technique are appraised.
Early performances of cement paste in the presence of triethanolamine: Rheology, setting and microstructural development
Authors: Lu Zichen , Peng Xinyi , Dorn Tobias , Hirsch Tamino , Stephan Dietmar
Published: March 2021

The effect of triethanolamine (TEA) at various dosages on the early performance of cement paste was systematically evaluated through the techniques of rheological measurements, penetration tests, and ultrasonic pulse velocity. The correlation of early performance to the chemical hydration process was analyzed by calorimetry, zeta potential, in situ XRD, and pore solution analysis. It is found that the effect of TEA on the early performance of cement paste is strongly dependent on its dosage. With the TEA dosage below 0.1 wt%, the setting and microstructural development of cement paste are retarded. Meanwhile, the yield stress of fresh paste is decreased due to the increasing zeta potential of cement grains. The promoted formation of ettringite (AFt) and monosulfate (AFm) caused by TEA decreases the rheological retention ability. At dosages ≥0.2 wt%, the reaction of aluminate‐containing phases is greatly accelerated and a flash setting is observed. Besides, the importance of ferric phase on the reaction of cement with TEA is highlighted. At a low dosage, TEA prefers to accelerate the dissolution of tetracalcium aluminoferrite (C4AF) first and increases the [Fe] in the pore solution of cement paste. In cement without C4AF, the retardation of TEA on silicate phase hydration is significantly alleviated.
Assessment of brain‐to‐blood drug distribution using liquid chromatography
Authors: El Zahar Noha M. , Sutton J. Michael , Bartlett Michael G.
Published: March 2021

Delivery of already existing and new drugs under development to the brain necessitates passage across the blood–brain barrier (BBB) with its tight intercellular junctions, molecular components and transporter systems. Consequently, it is critical to identify the extent of brain permeation and the partitioning across the BBB. The interpretation of brain‐to‐blood ratios is considered to be a significant and fundamental approach for estimating drug penetration through BBB, the brain‐targeting ability and central nervous system (CNS) pharmacokinetics. Among the different bioanalytical techniques, liquid chromatography with various detectors has been widely used for determination of these ratios. This review defines the different approaches for sample preparation, extraction techniques and liquid chromatography procedures concerned with the determination of drugs in blood and brain tissues and the assessment of brain‐to‐blood levels. These approaches are expanded to cover the analysis of several drug classes such as CNS‐acting drugs, chemotherapeutics, antidiabetics, herbal medicinal products, radiopharmaceuticals, antibiotics and antivirals. Accordingly, stability in biological matrices and matrix effects are investigated. The different administration/formulation effects and the possible deviations in these ratios are also disscussed.
Optical coherence tomography angiography helps distinguish multiple sclerosis from AQP4‐IgG‐seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder
Authors: Liu Chunxin , Xiao Hui , Zhang Xiayin , Zhao Yipeng , Li Rui , Zhong Xiaonan , Wang Yuge , Shu Yaqing , Chang Yanyu , Wang Jingqi , Li Caixia , Lin Haotian , Qiu Wei
Published: March 2021

Introduction

The aim was to characterize the optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography measures in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and to evaluate their disease discrimination capacity.

Methods

Patients with MS (n = 83) and AQP4‐IgG‐seropositive NMOSD (n = 91) with or without a history of optic neuritis, together with healthy controls (n = 34), were imaged. The main outcome measures were peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness, macular ganglion cell‐inner plexiform layer (GC‐IPL) thickness, macular vessel density (VD), and perfusion density (PD) in the superficial capillary plexus. Diagnostic accuracy was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve.

Results

Compared with patients with MS, those with NMOSD had a significantly smaller average thickness of the pRNFL and GC‐IPL (80.0 [59.0; 95.8] μm versus 92.0 [80.2; 101] μm, p < .001; 68.0 [56.0; 81.0] μm, versus 74.5 [64.2; 81.0] μm, p < .001) and significantly smaller whole VD and PD areas (15.6 [12.6; 17.0] mm−1 versus 16.7 [14.8; 17.7] mm−1, p < .001; 0.38 [0.31; 0.42] mm−1 versus 0.40 [0.37; 0.43] mm−1, p < .01). The combination of structural parameters (average thickness of the pRNFL and GC‐IPL) with microvascular parameters (temporal‐inner quadrant of VD, temporal‐inner, nasal‐inferior, and nasal‐outer quadrant of PD) was revealed to have a good diagnostic capability for discriminating between NMOSD and MS.

Conclusions

OCT angiography reveals different structural and microvascular retinal changes in MS and AQP4‐IgG‐seropositive NMOSD. These combined structural and microvascular parameters might be promising biomarkers for disease diagnosis.
What drives the adoption and consumption of green hotel products and services? A systematic literature review of past achievement and future promises
Authors: T. M. Arun , Kaur Puneet , Bresciani Stefano , Dhir Amandeep
Published: March 2021

The current study utilises the time‐tested systematic literature review (SLR) method to identify and analyse 76 studies addressing the consumer adoption of green hotels. The results of the research profile analysis show that the literature on consumers' adoption and consumption of green hotel products and services is expanding and gaining more recognition from researchers working in Asian contexts, particularly China, Taiwan and India. Moreover, the qualitative thematic analysis yields four key themes, (a) consumer behaviour variables addressed, (b) antecedents and mediators of green hotel adoption, (c) moderators of the relationship and (d) methodological considerations, for which limitations and future research directions are identified accordingly. The main novelty of the study lies in the development of a unified framework of consumer adoption and consumption of green hotel products and services that calls for a multitheoretic examination of the issue. This review is among the first to consolidate the growing literature on consumer adoption and consumption of green hotel products and services.
Distinct kinetics for nucleotide hydrolysis in lymphocytes isolated from blood, spleen and cervical lymph nodes: Characterization of ectonucleotidase activity
Authors: Doleski Pedro H. , Cabral Fernanda L. , Adefegha Stephen A. , Jantsch Matheus H. , Ebone Renan S. , Leal Daniela B. R. , Schetinger Maria R. C.
Published: March 2021

Ectonucleotidases are a plasma membrane‐bound enzyme that hydrolyses extracellular adenosine triphosphate (eATP) and adenosine diphosphate (eADP) to adenosine monophosphate (AMP). It regulates normal function of lymphocytes, acts as an inflammatory marker and represents a molecular target for new therapeutics. Thus, this study sought to isolate lymphocytes from blood (BL), spleen (SL) and cervical lymph node (CLL), and characterize the eATP and eADP enzymatic hydrolysis in Wistar rats. The hydrolysis of the nucleotides occurred primarily at pH 8.0, 37°C in the presence of Ca2+ or Mg2+. Chevillard‐plot showed the hydrolysis of eATP and eADP at the same active site. The inhibitors of some classical ATDPases did not cause any significant change on enzymatic activity. Inhibitors of E‐NTPDase (‐1, ‐2, ‐3 isoforms) and E‐NPP‐1 decrease the enzyme activity in all resident lymphocytes. Furthermore, kinetic parameters (Vmax and Km) revealed that SL had significantly (P < .001) higher enzymatic activity when compared to BL and CLL. In conclusion, this study standardized kinetic values for eATP and eADP hydrolysis for resident lymphocytes isolated from BL, SL and CLL.
A Potent N‐(piperidin‐4‐yl)‐1H‐pyrrole‐2‐carboxamide Inhibitor of Adenylyl Cyclase of G. lamblia: Biological Evaluation and Molecular Modelling Studies
Authors: Vega Hissi Esteban G. , De Costa Guardamagna Antonella B. , Garro Adriana D. , Falcon Cristian R. , Anderluh Marko , Tomašič Tihomir , Kikelj Danijel , Yaneff Agustín , Davio Carlos A. , Enriz Ricardo D. , Zurita. Adolfo R.
Published: March 2021

In this work, we report a derivative of N‐(piperidin‐4‐yl)‐1H‐pyrrole‐2‐carboxamide as a new inhibitor for adenylyl cyclase of Giardia lamblia which was obtained from a study using structural data of the nucleotidyl cyclase 1 (gNC1) of this parasite. For such a study, we developed a model for this specific enzyme by using homology techniques, which is the first model reported for gNC1 of G. lamblia. Our studies show that the new inhibitor has a competitive mechanism of action against this enzyme. 2‐Hydroxyestradiol was used as the reference compound for comparative studies. Results in this work are important from two points of view. on the one hand, an experimentally corroborated model for gNC1 of G. lamblia obtained by molecular modelling is presented; on the other hand, the new inhibitor obtained is an undoubtedly excellent starting structure for the development of new metabolic inhibitors for G. lamblia.
Adults are just big children: What we can learn about quality end‐of‐life care from pediatrics
Authors: Bogetz Jori F. , Rosenberg Abby R.
Published: March 2021

Because caring for children involves caring for families, pediatricians necessarily integrate individual patient, family, and community perspectives into medical care. This editorial considers how that pediatric family‐centered practice underscores emerging definitions of “quality” end‐of‐life care.
The effect of fibroblast growth factor 7 on human dental pulp stem cells for differentiation to AQP5‐positive and αSMA‐positive cells in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Akashi Yoshihiko , Nemoto Atsushi , Nakajima Kei , Kokubun Katsutoshi , Murakami Satoshi , Inoue Takashi , Matsuzaka Kenichi
Published: March 2021

Objectives

Transplantation of stem cells into wounds has become popular in regeneration therapies. As stem cells for transplantation, human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) are known to be pluripotent cells that are relatively easy to collect from the pulp of deciduous or wisdom teeth. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether hDPSCs treated with fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF7) would contribute to the regeneration of wounded rat submandibular glands (SMGs).

Materials and methods

In in vitro studies, hDPSCs were treated with or without FGF7 and mRNA expression levels were examined at days 3, 7 and 14 using qRT‐PCR. The target genes analyzed were BMI1 as an undifferentiated marker, AQP5 as an acinar cell marker, CK19 as a ductal epithelial cell marker, αSMA as a myoepithelial cell marker and VIMENTIN as a fibroblast marker. In in vivo studies, hDPSCs treated with or without FGF7 for 14 days were mixed with type I collagen gels and were transplanted into wounded rat SMGs. Hematoxylin–Eosin and immunohistochemical staining were performed at days 3 and 7, and the numbers of positive cells were counted. The primary antibodies used were against BMI1, AQP5, αSMA, PanCK and VIMENTIN.

Results

In the in vitro studies, mRNA levels of BMI1 were decreased and αSMA were increased at days 3, 7 and 14, while AQP5 was increased at day 14 in the FGF7 group. In the in vivo studies, the proliferation of hDPSCs and cell islands was observed at day 7 in the FGF7 group. Few BMI1‐positive cells were observed, while numbers of AQP5‐positive and αSMA‐positive cells were increased at days 3 and 7 in the FGF7 group. Moreover, cell islands were AQP5‐positive.

Conclusion

These results suggest that FGF7‐treated hDPSCs differentiate into AQP5‐positive and αSMA‐positive cells. Moreover, AQP5‐positive cell aggregations were formed.
Arimistane: Degradation product or metabolite of 7‐oxo‐DHEA?
Authors: Martínez Brito Dayamín , Leogrande Patrizia , Colamonici Cristiana , Curcio Davide , Botre Francesco , de la Torre Xavier
Published: March 2021

Rationale

The instability of androst‐5‐ene‐3,7‐dione structures under acidic conditions is known. The formation of arimistane from 7‐oxo‐DHEA, influenced by the conditions of sample extraction, and mainly derivatization reaction and gas chromatography (GC) injector temperature, was described earlier, potentially leading to misinterpretation of results. By using a liquid chromatography (LC)–mass spectrometry (MS) (LC–MS) we investigated the stability of the 7‐oxo‐DHEA in two different solvents (methanol and dimethyl sulfoxide [DMSO]), and the arimistane formation after the application common analytical procedures. Additionally, in vitro and in vivo studies of 7‐oxo‐DHEA were performed.

Methods

The stability of 7‐oxo‐DHEA was studied in solutions after 60 days storage at −20°C. In vitro studies were performed by incubating 7‐oxo‐DHEA with human liver microsomes (HLMs). Healthy volunteers collected urine samples before and after the administration of a single dose of 7‐oxo‐DHEA. Analyses were performed using high‐performance LC (HPLC) coupled to a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (MS/MS) and GC combustion isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC‐C‐IRMS) following HPLC purification.

Results

7‐oxo‐DHEA was stable after 60 days in DMSO while a protic solvent as methanol promotes the degradation of 7‐oxo‐DHEA to arimistane. HLM incubations showed no formation of arimistane and the sample preparation only influenced the degradation of 7‐oxo‐DHEA when solvolysis was applied. After the administration study the presence of arimistane also after the hydrolysis with β‐glucuronidase (Escherichia coli) was observed while using β‐glucuronidase/arylsulfatase (Helix pomatia) showed the presence of arimistane already in blank samples collected before administration.

Conclusions

Our results confirm arimistane as a valuable diagnostic marker of 7‐oxo‐DHEA administration, but also indicate that its formation is due to degradation processes rather than to metabolic biotransformation reactions.