bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rapid Diagnosis of Malaria by Chemometric Peak-Free LIBS of Trace Biometals in Blood
Authors: Musioka Wayua Debrah , Kalambuka Angeyo Hudson , Alix Dehayem-Massop , Amiga Kaduki Kenneth
Published: February 2022

Background: Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) trace atomic species of diseased biofluids are very subtle (peak-free) in complex spectra. Trace analysis requires a considerable push in analytical strategy. Enabling LIBS with chemometrics can help identify, extract, analyze and interpret the species’ spectral signatures to give an insight on the biophysiological status of the bodies from which the biofluids originate.Methods: We report on the trace quantitative performance of peak-free LIBS enabled by chemometrics modeling using principal components analysis (PCA) for direct artificial neural network (ANN)–based analysis of Cu, Zn, Fe and Mg in plasmodium falciparum-infected blood in the context of rapid spectral diagnosis of malaria utilizing the biometals as the disease biomarkers. Only one standard is required in this method - to delineate the analyte spectral regions (feature selection) and to test for accuracy.Results: Based on the alteration of the biometal levels and their multivariate and correlational patterns in cultured blood, peripheral finger blood drops dried directly on Nucleopore membrane filters was accurately discriminated as either malaria-infected or healthy utilizing principal components analysis (PCA) modelling. Further the morphological evolution of plasmodium was accurately predicted using spectral features of the biometals wherein high negative correlations between Fe (-0.775) and Zn (-0.881) and high positive correlations between Cu (0.892) and Mg (0.805) with parasitemia was observed. During the first 96 hours of malaria infection Cu increases profoundly (from 328 to 1,999 ppb) while Fe, Zn and Mg decrease (from 1,206 to 674 ppb), (from 1,523 to 499 ppb) and (from 23,880 to 19,573 ppb) respectively. Compared with healthy, plasmodium falciparum-infected blood has high Cu but low levels of Fe, Zn and Mg. Cu and Zn are highly (³0.9) positively correlated while Fe and Cu as well as Zn and Cu are highly (³ 0.9) negatively correlated.Conclusion: Chemometric peak-free LIBS has demonstrated the potential for direct rapid malaria diagnostics in blood based on the levels, alterations and multivariate associations of analyzed trace biometals which are used as biomarkers of the disease.
Water-Air Exchanges In The Lower Estuary Of The Patos Lagoon: Seasonal Variability, Drivers, And Sources Of CO2
Authors: Albuquerque Cíntia , Kerr Rodrigo , Monteiro Thiago , Machado Eunice da Costa , Carvalho Andréa da Consolação de Oliveira , Mendes Carlos Rafael Borges
Published: February 2022

We investigated the primary drivers of changes in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) together with the seasonal and interannual variability in the water-air net carbon dioxide flux (FCO2) in the lower estuarine zone surface waters of Patos Lagoon, the largest choked lagoon worldwide. Sampling occurred monthly during May 2017-June 2021 at the estuary’s inner inlet and mouth, which are contrasting hydrodynamic zones in the Patos Lagoon Estuary (PLE). The water pCO2 was mainly controlled by seasonal changes in total alkalinity and total dissolved inorganic carbon. The lower zone experienced periods of CO2 ingassing (austral summer/autumn) and CO2 outgassing (austral winter/spring). During summer/autumn, both protected and sea-exposed areas uptake an average of –15 mmol m−2 d−1 CO2, whereas during winter/spring, CO2 emissions prevail, reaching an average of 22 mmol m−2 d−1 at the inner estuary. Additionally, while much of the CO2 absorbed in summer/autumn is released to the atmosphere in the inner estuarine zone, the summer/autumn CO2 uptake in the estuary mouth is 4-fold higher than the winter/spring CO2 released. Unlike most estuarine systems, the PLE acted as a net CO2 sink of –2 mmol m−2 d−1 during the period investigated. The balance between CO2 uptake and emissions in the PLE was modulated by the combination of wind speed, freshwater discharge, water temperature, and outflow/inflow currents. Furthermore, phytoplankton blooms and strong wind-induced vertical mixing lead to highly variable CO2 exchanges. The highest estuarine CO2 concentration by autochthonous production indicates heterotrophy in estuarine waters. Part of this carbon produced in the estuary is exported to the coast, as evidenced by the high CO2 concentration in the estuary mouth. Therefore, the lower estuarine zone resists increased CO2 concentrations and has overcome regional anthropogenic emissions. The regional FCO2 range and complex PLE biogeochemistry dynamics need ongoing investigation to improve knowledge of regional CO2 exchanges and elucidate the role of large estuaries and coastal bays in the global carbon budget.
Skin barrier function alteration induced by noise and solvent exposure among aircraft maintenance workers
Authors: Chou Tzu-Chieh , Hsu Jing-Fang , Liu Yu-Hsiang
Published: February 2022

Purpose This study was aimed to investigate whether the single exposure of noise, solvent, and co-exposure of noise and solvents alter skin barrier functions. Methods Forty-four male airplane maintenance workers were recruited in this study in the middle of Taiwan. All subjects underwent skin barrier function tests, including basal transepidermal water loss (TEWL), basal water content (WC), skin barrier integrity, and skin barrier recovery. Results We found that organic solvent exposure affected the stratum corneum superficially and raised the basal TEWL (6.1 g/m2/h (SD 0.8 g/m2/h) vs. 4.6 g/m2/h (SD 0.6 g/m2/h) in the solvent exposure group and control group, respectively (p < 0.01)). In addition, noise exposure showed the increasing pattern of barrier integrity (78.8 (SD 9.2) vs. 48.9 (SD 13.8) in noise exposure group and control group, respectively (p < 0.01)) and decreasing pattern of 6h recovery (20.4% (SD 5.6%) vs. 43.6% (SD 11.5%) in noise exposure group and control group, respectively (p < 0.01)). Conclusion These results indicated that noise and solvent exposure might affect skin health or cause skin disorders among workers. Further study about the relationship between noise, solvent, and skin barrier function should point to potential mechanisms caused by stratum corneum exposures.
A Prognostic Necroptosis-Related lncRNA Signature to Predict the Immune Response and Drug Sensitivity of Bladder Cancer
Authors: Zhang Xintong , Lv Yue , Xiu Youcheng , Liu Zan
Published: February 2022

Background: Necroptosis plays a key role in cancer treatment. Mounting evidence suggests that many kinds of drugs can promote necroptosis in various tumor cells. Patients with bladder cancer (BLCA), especially those with advanced stage cancer, have a short life span; thus, new drugs need to be developed urgently to improve the situation. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are considered regulatory targets for cancer, including BLCA. Therefore, we constructed a promising signature of lncRNAs related to necroptosis and further predicted the immune response and sensitivity of drugs. Methods: We downloaded the transcriptome and clinical data for BLCA from the Cancer Genome Atlas（TCGA）. The expression network was constructed using coexpression analyses. Necroptosis related to lncRNAs (nrlncRNAs) was subsequently identified by univariate Cox regression. We then constructed the signature by performing the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO) and evaluated it by Kaplan–Meier analysis, multivariate Cox regression, time-dependent receiver operating characteristics (ROC), nomogram, calibration curves, gene set enrichment analyses(GSEA), immune checkpoint, tumor microenvironment(TME), N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification genes, and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) analysis in the risk groups. The set was then divided into two groups according to nrlncRNAs expression in the different types. Results: We analyzed the survival features and principal component analysis (PCA) between the two groups. A 11-nrlncRNAs (AC008750.1, AL133297.1, AC005479.1, AP003559.1, UBE2Q1-AS1, MIR100HG, LINC02709, AC005387.1, LINC00649, AC021321.1, ETV7-AS1) prognostic signature was constructed. There was a significant difference in overall survival (OS) between the high-and low-risk groups (p < 0.001). The ROC curve exhibited the robust prognostic features of the signature. In addition, immune checkpoint analysis revealed that the expression of most of the immune genes in the high-risk group was higher than those in the low-risk group. FTO, ALKBH5, METTL3, and YTHDC1 were significantly different between the high-and low-risk groups in m6A regulators. The signature predicted different IC50 values to have statistical significance in high-and low-risk groups for multiple drugs, including cisplatin, docetaxel, gefitinib, and imatinib. Conclusions:In conclusion, our constructed signature may contribute to the prognosis of patients with BLCA as well as serve as clinical predictors of chemotherapy and immunotherapy.
A unified nonempirical strength model
Authors: Feng Xing , Sun Guangpeng , Zhang Sitong , Wen Bin
Published: February 2022

Strength, as an important indicator of structural materials, has always been an important research topic in materials science. Theoretically, building a strength model is a rewarding method to understand the relationship between the mechanical properties and microstructure of materials. Although many strength models can reduplicate experimental values very well, they are empirical models, and their applicability is limited to materials for which empirical parameters have been obtained. Here, a nonempirical strength model is proposed based on the two-dimensional (2D) displacement potential of dislocation slipping, which can be applied to different chemically bonded crystals. Owing to the large electron localization function (ELF), covalent and ionic crystals have a high 2D displacement potential of dislocation slipping, and their dislocation slip mode prefers the kink-pair mode, further exhibiting a high critical resolved shear stress (CRSS). In contrast, metallic crystals with a small ELF have a low 2D displacement potential of dislocation slipping, and their dislocation slip mode is more inclined to the string mode, showing a low CRSS. This work provides new insights into dislocation-slipping configurations that will be useful for the development of new high-performance structural materials.
Advancing behavioral interventions for African American/Black and Latino persons living with HIV by integrating critical race theory, harm reduction, and self-determination theory: A qualitative exploratory study
Authors: Gwadz Marya
Published: February 2022

Background
. Rates of participation in HIV care, medication uptake, and viral suppression are improving among persons living with HIV (PLWH) in the United States. Yet, racial/ethnic disparities in engagement along this HIV care continuum are persistent, particularly among African American/Black and Latino PLWH, signaling the need for novel approaches. We created a new conceptual model that integrates critical race theory, harm reduction, and self-determination theory, which was used to plan an intervention optimization trial to test five behavioral intervention comcompponents. The present qualitative exploratory study describes the integrated conceptual model (ICM) and explores participants’ perspectives on contributions of the ICM to study acceptability, feasibility, and impact.
Methods
. Participants were African American/Black and Latino PLWH poorly engaged in HIV care and with non-suppressed HIV viral load in New York City. From the parent optimization trial (N=512), we randomly selected 46 for in-depth semi-structured interviews on experiences in the optimization trial. Interviews were audio-recorded and professionally transcribed verbatim, and data were analyzed using directed qualitative content analysis.
Results
. On average, participants were 49 years old (SD=9) and had lived with HIV for 19 years (SD=7). Most were male (78%) and African American/Black (76%). All had taken HIV medication previously. Challenging life contexts were the norm comprised of poverty, poor quality/unstable housing, trauma histories exacerbated by current trauma, medical and mental health comorbidities, and substance use. Participants found the optimization trial highly acceptable. We organized results into four themes focused on the importance of 1) being understood as a whole person and in context; 2) trustworthiness and trust; 3) opportunities for self-reflection; and 4) support of personal autonomy. The salience of nonjudgment was prominent in each theme. Their experiences and perspectives reflected the ICM. Participants reported these characteristics were generally lacking in HIV care settings.
Conclusions
. The ICM for is a new useful model for research with AABL-PLWH with potential to enhance study acceptability, feasibility, and intervention effectiveness. Future application of the ICM is warranted to reduce racial/ethnic disparities. In a future study, we will explore participants’ perspectives on the specific intervention components in which they engaged and ways components can be improved.
Chemometrics-based evaluation on effect of sonication, contact time and solvent-to-solid ratio on total phenolics and flavonoids, fatty acids and antibacterial potency of Carica papaya seed against S. enteritidis, B. cereus, V. vulnificus and P. mirabilis
Authors: Sani Muhamad Shirwan Abdullah
Published: February 2022

This study was aimed on extraction optimization of antibacterial agent from Carica papaya seed against S. enteritidis, B. cereus, V. vulnificus and P. mirabilis as affected by sonication-assisted extraction (SAE), contact time (CT) and solid-to-solvent ratio (SSR). The principal component analysis (PCA) and individual evaluation approaches identified that no SAE, 8 CT and 1:10 SSR was the best treatment with the highest antibacterial potency. The PCA identified no SAE, 8 CT, and 1:5 SSR as the second-beat treatment. The yield, total phenolic compound (TPC), C18:1n9t and C16:1 fatty acids (FAs) in no SAE, 8 CT and 1:10 SSR treatment inhibited the growth of B. cereus, V. vulnificus and P. mirabilis while C21:0 and C15:0 in 30 min SAE, 8 CT and 1:2 SSR inhibited the S. enteritidis growth. The yield, TPC, C18:1n9t and C16:1 FAs, and C6:0 and C24:1n9, C20:1, C4:0 and C20:0 FAs had antagonistic effects on B. cereus, V. vulnificus and P. mirabilis growths. The C21:0, C15:0, C6:0 and C13:0, and C23:0, C20:0 and C11:0 FAs had antagonistic effects on S. enteritidis growth. The PCA also denoted that the MIC50 and MIC0 had a higher variation than MIC; hence, the former variables were better to use in PCA.
Understanding L1 and L2 teachers’ talk about ‘digitalisation’
Authors: Magnusson Petra
Published: February 2022

In Sweden, The Swedish national strategy for the digitalisation of the educational system has led to a vast number of projects. This study builds on material from a continuing professional development project among L1 and L2 teachers in Swedish on a local school level. The aim is to contribute to the understanding of how the teachers perceive the integration of digital technology in the educational practice by deconstructing their discussions in a Critical discourse analysis perspective. Research questions: 1) What perceptions about the integration of digital technology in the educational practice can be discerned? 2) How are these perceptions related to the teaching profession and the teaching of Swedish? and 3) How do the teachers build their understanding through the discussions? The study shows how a discourse of challenges dominates the teachers’ discussions and that the integration of digital technology in the educational practice is partly perceived as a threat to the teaching profession and, to some extent, the teaching of Swedish. A key finding is that in the way the discussions are enacted, ‘digitalisation’ becomes the reason for what happens. Consequently, the abstraction of ‘digitalisation’ seems to be a hindrance to the development work.
Eksplorasi Material Limbah Kulit Biji Durian Sebagai Bahan Produk Lighting Dalam Ruangan
Authors: Mohamad Reza Andrian  , Andry Masri
Published: February 2022

Durian adalah salah satu buah yang umum dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat Indonesia. Pada saat musim berlangsung, limbah yang dihasilkan dari mengkonsumsi buah Durian cukup banyak, antara lain biji buah Durian itu sendiri. Kekurangan yang dimiliki oleh limbah biji Durian jika dibiarkan terlalu lama di udara terbuka adalah mengeluarkan lendir, bau tidak sedap dan jamur yang menutupi permukaan biji Durian. Melalui pendekatan eksplorasi material, biji Durian dapat dimanfaatkan kembali, salah satunya dengan mengambil bagian kulit biji Durian menjadi bahan baku dari produk lampu hias dalam ruangan. Proses eksplorasi dimulai dari menggali karakteristik material dengan memberi beberapa perlakuan, penyusunan material, hingga menambahkan komponen pelengkap berupa LED strip. Penelitian ini adalah bagian dari proses perkuliahan pada mata kuliah Proyek Desain I, Program Studi Desain Produk FAD ITENAS. Hasil akhir dari proyek ini adalah sebuah produk pencahayaan dalam ruangan yang menawarkan sebuah keunikan tersendiri karena menggunakan material non-konvensional dan memunculkan kualitas visual yang khas dari material tersebut.
Penggunaan Dowel pada Kayu Jati Belanda sebagai Penyambung dalam Rak Sepatu
Authors: Elke Santa Amesa  , Winta Adhitia Guspara
Published: February 2022

Kayu jati belanda atau pinus diketahui sebagai jenis kayu yang memiliki warna dasar yang cerah dengan garis teras yang jelas dan serat kayu yang halus. Selain memiliki warna yang bagus, kekuatan dari kayu jati belanda yang memiliki karakteristik anti-shock atau resistan dengan benturan, namun memiliki berat yang ringan. Karena karakteristiknya yang memiliki warna cerah, sehingga saat kayu di paku, akan meninggalkan bekas karat yang terlihat jelas. Penggunaan dowel atau paku kayu tradisional akan membantu mencegah perusakan warna natural pada kayu. Sehingga metode kreatif SCAMPER digunakan dalam perancangan produk rak dari kayu jati belanda. Produk rak ini dirancang dengan penyambungan antar kayu menggunakan dowel, berbentuk kotak menyerupai pigura, sehingga bisa menampilkan yang tersimpan didalamnya, dan penataan sepatu menggunakan stik yang bisa dilepas pasang sehingga dapat disesuaikan dengan ukuran sepatu. Rak juga dirancang dapat menahan beban berat, sehingga dapat menjadi alas duduk saat user hendak menggunakan sepatu yang tersimpan didalamnya.
Pengembangan Kulit Sintetis Sebagai Pelapis Rak Bahan Perawatan Wajah
Authors: Gabriella Natasha Estefany  , Winta Adhitia Guspara
Published: February 2022

Kulit sintetis memiliki karakter tekstur yang elastis, tidak mudah kusut, tahan air dan debu, tidak mudah pudar saat terkena sinar matahari Kulit sintetis merupakan material yang cukup umum digunakan oleh masyarakat di Indonesia. Kulit sintetis sangat cocok diolah menjadi produk kerajinan tangan dan produk interior rumah tangga. Banyak sekali potensi material kulit sintetis yang dijadikan kerajinan contohnya di daerah Manding, Bantul Yogyakarta. Dari karakteristik tersebut, kulit sintetis cocok digunakan sebagai pelapis rak dengan produk perawatan wajah terutama yang berbahan dasar cair. Metode kreatif yang digunakan untuk proses pembuatan rak adalah metode SCAMPER. Rak ini dirancang dengan menggunakan 2 lapisan yakni kerangka rak dibuat dengan kayu mahoni lalu dilapisi dengan kulit sintetis sebagai material utamanya. Konsep produk dibuat dengan memiliki banyak sekat pemisah antara produk yang memiliki kaki dan yang tidak berkaki. Rak ini bertujuan untuk diletakan di tempat yang kering yaitu di kamar. Dapat diletakkan di meja maupun digantung di dinding sesuai situasi dan keinginan pengguna.
Pengembangan Anyaman Serat Resam Menjadi Wadah Simpan Bumbu Dapur
Authors: Yusuf Tegar Bagastira  , Centaury Harjani
Published: February 2022

Serat resam merupakan serat alam yang berasal dari batang tanaman paku-pakuan andam. Tanaman ini banyak tumbuh di hutan Indonesia terutama di Kalimantan dan Sumatra. Tanaman resam dianggap sebagai gulma pengganggu kebun warga, karena hal tersebut resam kerap kali dibuang tanpa dimanfaatkan sama sekali. Serat resam bisa dikembangkan menjadi produk anyaman renggang tanpa menampung beban berat. Perancangan serat resam akan difokuskan menjadi wadah bumbu dapur karena hanya menampung beban yang ringan. Pendekatan yang dilakukan adalah pendekatan berbasis material. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasi dan wawancara di perajin peci resam. Hasil dari penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa teknik anyam perajin peci resam lokal dapat dipakai sebagai dasar desain wadah simpan bumbu dapur. Bentuk dasar peci resam dengan anyaman berongga renggang dan desain membulat dapat dikembangkan menjadi produk wadah simpan bumbu dapur dalam ruangan.
Perancangan Perhiasan Mode Sisik Ikan Wanita Dengan Teknik Surface Embellishment
Authors: Millen Valensie  , Susi Hartanto
Published: February 2022

Indonesia mengalami peningkatan produksi pada sektor perikananan selama 7 tahun terakhir dan secara tidak langsung mendorong kenaikan angka limbah ikan, salah satunya sisik. Berbeda dengan limbah basah seperti jeroan, sisik ikan yang keras membutuhkan waktu yang cukup lama untuk dapat terurai berpengaruh buruk terhadap lingkungan seperti mengganggu ekosistem laut maupun darat.Sisik ikan memiliki corak, tekstur permukaan dan warna yang unik sehingga sering dimanfaatkan sebagai salah satu material kerajinan tangan seperti perhiasan oleh pelaku UMKM Indonesia khususnya Ambon dan Manado. Meskipun pasar perhiasan sisik ikan Indonesia telah lama ada, teknik pengolahan seperti pewarnaan dan aplikasinya tergolong kurang maksimal sehingga menghasilkan desain yang monoton.Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara, analisa data sekunder, dan uji bertahap. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan teknik surface embellishment dapat memaksimalkan penggunaan sisik pada perhiasan. Campuran pewarna makanan alami dan sintetis digunakan karena menghasilkan warna-warna yang lembut. Setelah melalui beberapa kali revisi, perancangan ini kemudian mengangkat tema peri fantasi yang didapatkan dari karakteristik material yang berwarna lembut serta ethereal dengan desain yang terlihat menyatu dengan tubuh. Produk ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan apresiasi masyarakat, bersifat inovatif dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan pasar Indonesia.
Pengembangan Desain Masker Apd Sebagai Salah Satu Protokoler Covid-19 Untuk Mendukung Kemudahan Komunikasi Bagi Penyandang Tunawicara Dengan Pendekatan Inklusif
Authors: Chornelius Anantya Adi Saputra  , Marcellino Aditya  , Centaury Harjani
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini mengangkat isu tentang keresahan para penyandang tunawicara dalam menghadapi COVID-19 yang saat ini sedang terjadi di Indonesia. Virus Corona (COVID-19) dapat dikurangi penyebarannya dengan cara mematuhi protokol kesehatan yang sudah ditetapkan oleh Pemerintah. Protokol Kesehatan yang dianjurkan oleh Pemerintah salah satunya adalah memakai masker. Masker yang beredar di pasaran menyebabkan keresahan pada beberapa orang yang memiliki kebutuhan khusus dalam hal berkomunikasi. Komunikasi yang dilakukan menggunakan bahasa isyarat dan juga membaca gerak bibir oleh lawan bicara mereka. Penyandang tunawicara pada saat mengenakan masker mereka sering menaikan dan turunkan masker mereka saat akan berkomunikasi dengan lawan bicara mereka. Penelitian ini menggunakan beberapa metode seperti menggunakan teknik Observasi, Wawancara, Simulasi dan Shadowing di dalam mencari data. Penelitian ini melibatkan beberapa orang untuk dilakukan wawancara dan observasi. Rentan usia responden adalah 17-47 tahun dengan jumlah 7 orang mewakili setiap umur. Setelah didapatkan atribut produk yang didapatkan maka proses perancangan produk menggunakan metode SCAMPER agar mendapatkan beberapa alternatif desain produk masker yang kemudian dipilih 1 desain untuk kemudian dijadikan acuan pembuatan produk akhir. Penelitian dan perancangan menghasilkan masker yang memiliki fitur transparan, Desain masker yang memiliki fitur transparan agar penyandang tunawicara tidak ada alasan untuk tidak mengenakan masker. Masker yang dirancang menggunakan material kain yang mendekati SNI 8914:2020 tentang standar masker kain. Masker tersebut juga memiliki filter jenis selipan yang bisa diganti-ganti jika sudah digunakan lebih dari 4-5 jam. Masker yang memiliki jangka pemakaian yang panjang bertujuan untuk mengurangi sampah masker yang semakin banyak.
Perancangan Board Game Untuk Mengajarkan Anak Cara Menghadapi Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Arra Yi Fatimah Indahyati Anwar
Published: February 2022

Dunia sedang mengalami Pandemik covid-19, dilansir dari World Health Organization (WHO) corona berasal dari virus yang menyebabkan penyakit, mulai dari flu biasa hingga yang lebih parah, seperti sindrom pernapasan akut (SARS) dan sindrom pernapasan timur tengah (MERS). Anak-anak sangat rentan dengan penyebaran covid-19, maka dibutuhkan permainan yang mengajarkan anak agar lebih peduli terhadap kebersihan diri sendiri dan lingkungan sehingga anak dapat melindungi diri dari virus dan bakteri yang ada disekitarnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang sebuah permainan papan board game yang memiliki edukasi mengenai cara menghadapi pandemi covid-19 dan edukasi mengenai virus dan bakteri yang ada di lingkungan sekitar. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dan metode kuantitatif, diantaranya kuesioner, analisis visual dan eksperimen produk. Hasil rancangan dari penelitian tersebut didapatkan sebuah alat permainan board game yang mengandung edukasi mengenai cara menghadapi pandemi covid-19 dan juga edukasi mengenai macam-macam jenis virus dan bakteri lain, diantaranya ada virus rotavirus, virus influenza, bakteri escherichia coli dan bakteri staphylococcus aureus. Produk ini memiliki sebutan nama yaitu “Spino”, permainan spino terdiri dari 3 buah papan permainan, 50 buah kartu pertanyaan, 30 buah kartu misteri, 4 buah pion, 1 buah spinning dan 1 buku panduan.
Perancangan Pandemic Bag Set Bermotif Jajanan Tradisional Indonesia Bagi Remaja
Authors: Erica Lusyana Chandra  , Wyna Herdiana  , Brian Kurniawan Jaya  , Hairunnas
Published: February 2022

Ragam kuliner tradisional Indonesia merupakan pencerminan budaya dan tradisi Indonesia yang harus terus dilestarikan. Kondisi COVID-19 semakin menutup cara-cara untuk melestarikan jajanan tradisional secara langsung. Selain itu pandemi membuat munculnya keharusan untuk mengikuti protokol kesehatan saat berkegiatan di luar rumah. Masa remaja adalah masa di mana seseorang suka jalan-jalan, pergi makan, dan lain-lain. Dengan kondisi pandemi saat ini, tidak menutup kemungkinan bagi kaum remaja untuk tetap bisa beraktivitas di luar rumah. Remaja memiliki suatu kebiasaan untuk menyukai hal-hal baru yang unik dan menarik untuk dilihat, dirasakan, bahkan diunggah ke media sosial. Dengan mengangkat dan mengenalkan keunikan jajanan tradisional dalam sebuah produk yang bisa mendukung penampilan remaja dalam masa pandemi akan mendukung kesukaan remaja terhadap hal-hal yang unik dan baru untuk kemudian dikenalkan ke masyarakat luas melalui media sosial. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, dibutuhkan sebuah inovasi produk berupa satu set tas untuk bepergian di masa pandemi yang dapat melestarikan jajanan tradisional Indonesia. Dalam perancangan produk bag set dibutuhkan data kajian pustaka dan penelitian menggunakan metode gabungan yang meliputi penyebaran kuesioner, proses wawancara, observasi kegiatan, dan studi tata letak. Hasil dari perancangan berupa bag set yang terdiri dari sling bag, sanitary pouch, dan cutlery pouch dengan motif jajanan tradisional yang dianggap paling unik dan berbeda dari jajanan lainnya, yaitu kue tok, onde-onde, dan klepon, yang mendukung kebutuhan remaja membawa barang bawaan di masa pandemi. Dalam kondisi New Normal saat ini, diharapkan pandemic bag set dapat mendukung remaja dalam beraktivitas di luar rumah sekaligus dapat melestarikan keberadaan jajanan tradisional Indonesia.
Actitudes sexuales de acuerdo con el nivel de severidad del trauma craneoencefálico
Authors: Rincón Dubis Marcela , Acosta Barreto María Rocío , Fajardo Tejada Diana Milena
Published: February 2022

El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la actitud hacia la sexualidad en pacientes con antecedentes de trauma craneoencefálico (TCE), de acuerdo al nivel de severidad presentado. Método: se llevó a cabo un estudio de tipo descriptivo en una muestra de 126 personas, con edades comprendidas entre los 18 y 49 años, con antecedente de trauma craneoencefálico leve, moderado y severo, a quienes se les aplicó la Escala de Actitudes hacia la Sexualidad Ampliada (ATSS) y una encuesta de actitudes hacia la sexualidad. Resultados: se encontró que la mayoría de los participantes manifestaron haber sufrido cambios en su sexualidad tras el TCE, caracterizados por la disminución de la frecuencia de las relaciones y el deseo sexual, sin embargo, evidencian una actitud positiva frente a la sexualidad. Conclusiones: si bien la sexualidad es considerada importante por los participantes del estudio, no se evidenció una conducta tendiente a la erotofilia. No se encontraron diferencias significativas respecto al nivel de severidad del trauma craneoencefálico.
El mal en Jean Jacques Rousseau: Sobre el ser humano y el conocimiento de sí
Authors: Gómez Montoya Víctor Daniel , Hincapié García Alexánder
Published: February 2022

Este artículo se ocupa del mal en Rousseau, recurriendo a cuatro imágenes, a saber: la vida social (sociedad) y el hombre social (homme de l´homme), en contraste con el estado de naturaleza (état de nature) y el hombre natural (homme naturel). Imágenes de orden lógico, esto es, filosófico argumentativas, que exponen la tensión y el alejamiento del hombre con respecto a su naturaleza. El supuesto indica que este alejamiento se eleva como la imposibilidad del conocimiento pleno de sí; convierte al ser humano en alguien extraño para sí que hipostasia su concepto en las determinaciones de la vida social. El método utilizado se desprende de la filosofía misma de Rousseau. El procedimiento se organiza con la identificación y presentación de un supuesto y su desarrollo lógico mediante argumentos que requieren la selección, organización y sistematización de fuentes encaminadas a exponer el supuesto en toda su complejidad.
Creo en Dios: análisis de contenido del primer artículo de fe cristiana, a partir de la revisión de literatura
Authors: Rúa Penagos Jonathan Andrés , Toro-Jaramillo Iván-Darío
Published: February 2022

En la actualidad, existen diferentes comprensiones del primer artículo del contenido de la fe cristiana, lo que hace necesario un análisis de dichas interpretaciones a partir de categorías teológicas. Esta investigación busca develar el sentido del primer artículo del contenido de la fe cristiana en la producción teológica reciente, por medio de un ejercicio hermenéutico, analizándola bibliométrica y categorialmente, usando como mediación el software para el análisis de datos cualitativos NVivo.
Se concluye que la literatura teológica reciente aborda el sentido del primer artículo de la fe cristiana a partir de la existencia, concepto, definición de Dios y sus atributos como su poder, actuación, la creación, revelación y reinado. Aunque el material encontrado es escaso comparado con otros temas o áreas de conocimiento que puedan explorarse en estas herramientas, el hecho se explica porque, normalmente, no ha sido una preocupación para los teólogos la publicación en revistas de alto impacto.
La forma de abordar a Dios en la literatura contemporánea puede ser enriquecida teniendo en cuenta contextos determinados como la pobreza, la discriminación, el sufrimiento, la violencia, la trata de personas, los migrantes y las realidades políticas, entre otros, de tal manera que no sea tan solo una reflexión metafísica de Dios, sino también histórica e inmanente, e incluso con investigaciones interreligiosas que amplíen la concepción del Dios cristiano y responda a preguntas que la sociedad contemporánea se hace en su vida cotidiana.
Una aproximación teológica al seguimiento de Jesús desde la inteligencia sentiente
Authors: Solano Pinzón Orlando , Garavito Villarreal Daniel
Published: February 2022

Toda espiritualidad cristiana está vinculada directamente con el seguimiento de Jesús, constituyéndola como tal. El seguimiento supone movimiento, una dinámica continua de cambio que no siempre se asume en la experiencia cotidiana, para corresponder a los imperativos que la realidad plantea a la mirada creyente. La tesis que desarrolla el escrito consiste en presentar el aporte de Ignacio Ellacuría en su comprensión de la inteligencia sentiente de la realidad, al discernimiento de la acción del Espíritu para la encarnación del seguimiento histórico de Jesús y para el quehacer teológico hoy.
“Are You One of Us?” Points of Social Exclusion amongst Youths of Diverse Religious Groups in Indonesia
Authors: Wulandari Roosalina , Poerwandari E. Kristi
Published: February 2022

Deriving from basis of the social identity theory and its development, the research aimed to explore the points of exclusion and how individuals and groups perceived themselves as experiencing victimhood of social injustice. The rise of intolerance in Indonesia was alarming and threatened the diversity and inclusivity of the nation. Throughout several political milestones such as gubernatorial and presidential elections, identity had been used as one of the most efficient ways to segregate and discriminate against people belonging to different groups. Applying a qualitative approach, data were mined from two focus group discussions of university student respondents with various religious and ethnic backgrounds representing the majority and minority groups in Indonesia. Groups sessions were strictly differentiated between majority and minority representatives to minimize the risk of potential conflict. The findings suggest that both groups’ initial perceptions towards members of outgroups are heavily influenced by transferred stereotypes and prejudices from the older generations. While the majority group struggles to counter the prejudices and perceived victimhood through direct exposure, the minority group, on the other hand, takes language into account as a subtle gesture of exclusion.
TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA E EDUCAÇÃO: um olhar para a saúde mental dos professores universitários
Authors: Hernandes Linccon Fricks , Rozário Jefferson Diório do
Published: February 2022

Devido aos altos níveis de contaminação a COVID-19 foi caracterizada como uma pandemia, pois perpassou continentes afetando o mundo todo com sua cadeia de transmissibilidade. Dentre os grupos de vulnerabilidades durante a pandemia, os professores universitários foram um dos grupos que mais foram afetados por fatores predisponentes negativamente a saúde mental. o estudo tem como objetivos analisar na literatura científica sobre a saúde mental dos professores universitários no período da pandemia de Covid-19. O presente estudo trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica da literatura do tipo narrativa. Na qual foi utilizada para a geração da questão norteadora desta revisão: “Quais evidências científicas mostram a saúde mental do professor universitário em tempos de pandemia?”. Foram utilizados descritores e palavras-chave, com uso do booleano “AND”, consultou-se as bases de dados PubMed da National Library of Medicine; BVS (Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde). Este estudo permitiu analisar na literatura científica, evidências sobre a saúde mental dos professores universitários durante a pandemia de covid-19. Foi observado que, frente as dificuldades enfrentadas, os professores apresentam como respostas psicológicas sintomas de depressão, ansiedade, angústia, estresse e até mesmo o desenvolvimento da síndrome de Burnout, onde algumas características individuais podem propiciar ainda mais o desgaste físico e emocional, fazendo-se necessário o uso de intervenções para minimizar o esgotamento dos profissionais.
PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING (PBL) NA PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO: PERCEPÇÃO DOS MESTRANDOS EM CIÊNCIAS CONTÁBEIS DE UMA UNIVERSIDADE PÚBLICA FEDERAL
Authors: Pereira da Silva Annandy Raquel , Santos de Morais Emille Danielle , Fernandes Alves Maíra Louise , Araujo Aneide Oliveira
Published: February 2022

Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo analisar a percepção dos mestrandos de uma Universidade Pública Federal sobre os benefícios, dificuldades e aplicabilidade do método PBL. O método foi aplicado por meio de um questionário com perguntas abertas a 15 alunos da disciplina de Metodologia do Ensino Superior, no primeiro semestre de 2021. Os resultados mostraram uma boa aceitação do método pelos discentes em sala de aula, bem como uma relação entre o método e as atividades profissionais do Contador, ressaltaram que na posição de docentes aplicariam o método em suas aulas, destacaram também preferirem a utilização conjunta do PBL e metodologias tradicionais, e que o tutor é importante para a operacionalização do método. Relataram sobre as diversas habilidades desenvolvidas com o PBL, como a resolução de problemas, o trabalho em equipe e características como o raciocínio lógico e crítico, liderança, dentre outras. Ainda, elencaram as dificuldades enfrentadas na operacionalização do método, como o tempo de aplicação, falta de planejamento, dificuldades em trabalhar em equipe e falta de experiência. Por fim, os discentes fizeram sugestões para uma melhor aplicação do método, como maior tempo para estudo do problema, maior feedback entre tutor e alunos, e mais informações e contextualização teórica sobre o assunto a ser abordado no problema.
The unique drawing of the Zaporozhian Sich and the Kamenny Zaton fortress of the beginning of 18th century
Authors:   Federal Research Centre the Southern Scientific Centre, the Russian Academy of Sciences, Avakov Pyotr Ashotovich , Kochegarov Kirill Aleksandrovich ,   Institute of Slavic Studies, the Russian Academy of Science
Published: February 2022

The paper presents and analyses the undated drawing of Zaporozhian Sich and Russian fortress Kamenny Zaton (Stone Bay), completely unstudied before. The drawing was made at the beginning of 18th century and has preserved in collection of Malorossiysky prikaz (Little Russia Office) in the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts. Using methods of source criticism and historical geography authors attribute the drawing and conclude that it can be connected with the special mission to Sich, headed by Stol’nik (Steward) Fedor Protasyev and the General Esaul of Zaporozhian Host (Cossack Hetmanate) Ivan Skoropadsky in 1703. The main goal of the mission, that is studied on the base of new archive sources, was to oblige Zaporozhian Cossack to take an oath to the Peter I in return for tsar’s salary. Authors also analyzes in details the drawing itself, describing at the same time the process of building of the Kamenny Zaton and correcting the timeline of it, including the foundation date of the fortress. It appeared that Kamenny Zaton had earthen fortifications only, as the Russian government didn’t manage to build stone ones. The picture of the Kamenny Zaton on the drawing was made in the orthogonal projection as quadrilateral bastion fortress, whereas in reality it had five bastions. The Zaporozhian Sich is pictured as symbolical agglomeration of buildings with gable roofs and four towers. Considering technical and stylistic characteristics of the document it can be identified as the Russian geographical drawing, the unique artefact that reflects and visualizes the history of Russian colonization of the lower Dnieper River territories in the beginning of 18th century.
Rogvolod’s polity and formation of an ethnopolitical organization on the territory of the Middle Dvina in the Хth century
Authors:   Polotsk State University, Kezha Yury Nikolaevich
Published: February 2022

The article discusses the first stages in the formation of an ethnopolitical community on the territory of the Belarusian Dvina, known from the annals as «Polochane». Using basic principles developed by the Vienna School of Historical Ethnography, the author identifies significant socio-political changes in the early medieval (9th–10th centuries) history of Eastern Europe due to the emergence of new elites. The formation of stable ethnopolitical communities is associated with the emergence of these elite groups . The absence of particular artifacts of northern European origin in Polotsk and the Polotsk okrug in the 9th – the first half of the 10th century suggests the independent formation of this center on the basis of local social structures. Significant socio-political changes in Eastern Europe arose during the Viking era (9th–10th centuries), and penetration of the North European military-trade groups into the territory of the Middle Dvina was associated with the beginnings of the active functioning of the West-Dvina branch of the Baltic-Black Sea route (the trade route «from the Varangians to the Greeks»). The development of this route became the main reason why Scandinavian leader Rogvolod came to the Polotsk region and formed a territorial and political organization, conditionally referred to as the «Rogvolod Polity». After the middle to the second half of the 10th century, a social transformation took place on the territory of the Middle Dvina, associated with the formation of elite military-trade groups and the formation of a brigade culture. The Rogvolod Polity, as the first stable territorial and political organization in the Dvina basin, created the institutional foundations for the subsequent consolidating ideology (the «core of tradition» according to R. Wenskus), embodied in the 11th century Polotsk princes Rogvolodovichi in the formation of the ethno-political community «Polochane».
1044 annual entry in textual studies of the witnesses of the «Primary Chronicle»
Authors:   Institute of History of Ukraine, the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Vilkul Tatyana Leonidovna
Published: February 2022

One piece of the 1044 annual entry of the Primary Chronicle contains account about a unique event in the history of Old Rus, which historians and philologists have interpreted time and again. During the reign of Yaroslav the Wise the remains («bones») of his uncles Yaropolk and Oleg the sons of Svyatoslav were dug up and baptized, and former pagan Kievan princes were honorably reburied in the Church of the Mother of God of Tithes. Though that unusual practice contradicted church canons, the prince Yaroslav’s contemporaries were most likely not fully aware of it, as not all church rules shortly after the baptism of Rus were strictly adhered to. Scholars have found Scandinavian and Icelandic parallels to that story, which allow its interpretation in the context of a dynastic cult, various manifestations of which can be observed on the barbaric periphery of Europe. Comparison of the main manuscripts of the Primary Chronicle of the Laurentian and Hypatian branches, the seniour First Novgorod Chronicle and Novgorod-Sophian group shows that the impressive 1044 year’s entry attracted the attention of medieval editors and copyists, that caused discrepancies in all versions. The article analyzes the nature of those discrepancies in the field of textual criticism. The main witnesses have their own features, while the Novgorod-Sophian group combines heterogeneous variant readings. The noteworthy addition «in Volodymer» after the name of the church in the Hypatian and Novgorod-Sophian branches «moves» events from Kiev to Vladimir-on-Klyazma or Vladimir-Volhynsky and was an obviously anachronism, for the cathedrals in both cities were built in the second half of the 12th century. It rather inserted by a post-Mongol scribe, unfamiliar with Kievan realities. The afftinity of the Hypatian and Novgorod-Sophian group in that variant reading prompts a close examination other shared similarities. Several spot-check readings founded in some entries may indicate the impact of the South Rus version on the common protograph of the Novgorod-Sophian chronicles. All the same, a number of clear borrowings from the Hypatian branch are observed only in somewhat later stratum of the compilations.
Role of Bioactive Phytoconstituents as Modulators of Hepatic
Carbohydrates Metabolising Enzymes: A Target Specific Approach to
Treat Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Sharma Sachin , Choudhary Manjusha , Budhwar Vikas
Published: February 2022

Diabetes mellitus is the most prevalent malady, becoming a leading public health
concern around the world. It is a chronic endocrine metabolic disturbance that is accompanied by
the commencement of a sequence of complications. The liver primarily serves as the body’s
glucose or fuel reserve and also maintains standard blood sugar concentration. Hepatic
gluconeogenesis, glycolysis and glycogenesis are the key contributors to fasting or post-prandial
hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects. So, regulating these channels could be a viable
approach for mitigating hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Few potential synthetic drugs
that precisely target hepatic glucose-producing metabolic pathways are presently available, but
they have some serious negative effects like hypoglycaemia, hepatosteatosis and lactic acidosis.
Therefore, scientists have veered to herbal products because of their edible nature, costeffectiveness
and fewer side effects. Natural products and their isolated phytochemicals are
progressively being employed to manage hyperglycaemia by modulating the enzyme’s activity and
regulating transcription factors concerned with hepatic glucose synthesis. We reviewed the
potential effects of isolated bioactive phytochemicals on interesting targets that affect hepatic
glucose homeostasis in diabetes. This study illustrates the benefit and feasibility of developing
liver-specific drugs through secondary metabolites to restore hyperglycaemia.
An Evaluation of Computational Learning-based Methods for the Segmentation
of Nuclei in Cervical Cancer Cells from Microscopic Images
Authors: Maylaa Tarek , Windal Feryal , Benhabiles Halim , Maubon Gregory , Maubon Nathalie , Vandenhaute Elodie , Collard Dominique
Published: February 2022

Background:

The manual segmentation of cellular structures on Z-stack microscopic images is time-consuming and often inaccurate, highlighting the need to develop auto-segmentation tools to facilitate this process.

Objective:

This study aimed to compare the performance of three different machine learning archi-tectures, including random forest (RF), AdaBoost, and multi-layer perceptron (MLP), for the auto-segmentation of nuclei in proliferating cervical cancer cells on Z-Stack cellular microscopy prolif-eration images provided by the HCS Pharma. The impact of using post-processing techniques, such as the StarDist plugin and majority voting, was also evaluated.

Methods:

The RF, AdaBoost, and MLP algorithms were used to auto-segment the nuclei of cervi-cal cancer cells on microscopic images at different Z-stack positions. Post-processing techniques were then applied to each algorithm. The performance of all algorithms was compared by an expert to globally generated ground truth by calculating the accuracy detection rate, the Dice coefficient, and the Jaccard index.

Results:

RF achieved the best accuracy, followed by the AdaBoost and then the MLP. All algo-rithms achieved good pixel classifications except in regions whereby the nuclei overlapped. The majority voting and StarDist plugin improved the accuracy of the segmentation but did not resolve the nuclei overlap issue. The Z-Stack analysis revealed similar segmentation results to the Z-stack layer used to train the image. However, a worse performance was noted for segmentations per-formed on different Z-stack positions, which were not used to train the algorithms.

Conclusion:

All machine learning architectures provided a good segmentation of nuclei in cervical cancer cells but did not resolve the problem of overlapping nuclei and Z-stack segmentation. Fur-ther research should therefore evaluate the combined segmentation techniques and deep learning architectures to resolve these issues.