bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Google Classroom: A Viable and Affordable Option for Online Education in Nigeria
Authors: Bukar Gana Mustapha
Published: October 2024

Google Classroom is a free digital learning platform that can help millions of Nigerian students and teachers access quality online education. This paper discusses the viability and affordability of Google Classroom as an online education platform in Nigeria. It analyzes the key features and functionality of Google Classroom, such as accessibility, student engagement, collaboration, and professional development, and explores how they can address the challenges faced by the Nigerian education system. The paper also examines the impact of Google Classroom through five case studies and success stories, involving some Nigerian universities and colleges, and provides insights into its practical implementation and effectiveness. The paper also focuses on Google Classroom’s viability and affordability as a solution for online education in Nigeria as it offers various benefits and advantages that improve online education outcomes and experiences. The paper contributes to the ongoing discussion on leveraging technology for educational empowerment and informs policymakers, educators, and stakeholders about the potential of Google Classroom in Nigeria.
The Role of AI in Automating Grading: Enhancing Feedback and Efficiency
Authors: Gnanaprakasam Johnbenetic , Lourdusamy Ravi
Published: October 2024

This chapter discusses the different ways in which artificial intelligence (AI) can be used to automate the grading process within the educational systems. The first part gives the background of how we got here, how grading practices have historically changed, and then how AI has progressed in integrating with these systems. The real emphasis is the potential use of AI to reduce the grading backlog (through instant feedback, learning incentives, scalability, and important notes) and more effective large and diverse student/learner management. Furthermore, it also delves into the use of AI on the subjective and creative aspects, quite a new realm of grading from the traditional ways. The chapter also provides a critical discussion about challenges associated with AI in grading (such as potential biases, fairness, and ethics), making an emphasis on the necessity to tailor such challenges in order to efficiently and responsibly deploy AI for educational purposes. Finally, it concludes with a reflection on what the next generation of AI-powered educational assessment experiences could look like and what the potential implications for educators and students may be.
E-Textiles to Promote Interdisciplinary Education
Authors: Razvan Radulescu Ion , Scarlat Razvan , Jomir Mihaela , Grosu Catalin , Visileanu Emilia , Malengier Benny , Zeng Xianyi
Published: October 2024

Electronic textiles (e-textiles) is a current research and development direction of the textile domain. As final applications, e-textiles may monitor human vital signs for sports and medicine, may extend garment functionality for entertainment, or ensure electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) using flexible textile shields. However, this book chapter focuses on a certain aspect of e-textiles, namely, their role in promoting interdisciplinary education. E-textile products are the result of material science, physics, mathematics, mechanics, electronics, and more recently of software and Artificial Intelligence (AI). This was the rationale for initiating three Erasmus+ projects in the field of e-textiles to foster interdisciplinary training for students and young professionals. The new educational materials tackle the relation between Science Technology Engineering Mathematics (STEM) disciplines of the official curricula and some of their final applications, such as e-textile prototypes. The educational materials are conceived in a problem-based learning (PBL) approach. The presented examples encompass fabrics with inserted metallic yarns and metallic coating for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, pressure sensors, and related electronic data processing, as well as virtual prototyping of Radio frequency (RF) suits. EMC is tackled from an educational perspective.
The Impact of Data Security and Privacy Concerns on the Implementation of Integrated Systems in Smart Cities
Authors: Farag Bedewy Sara
Published: October 2024

This chapter explores how data security and privacy issues affect the deployment of integrated systems, in cities. It discusses concerns, such as access, data breaches, consent mechanisms, data profiling, third party data sharing, transparency, data accuracy, cross border data transfers, rights of individuals regarding their data, security measures for data protection, and intrusive technologies, that invade privacy. The chapter thoroughly examines the impact of these concerns on integrated systems by highlighting risks like diminishing trust, legal and regulatory hurdles, and negative effects on individual rights and freedoms. Additionally, it delves into strategies and best practices for addressing data security and privacy issues in smart city initiatives. The importance of involving stakeholders conducting privacy impact assessments implementing privacy by design principles and adopting user centric approaches to mitigate risks and safeguard privacy is underscored. By emphasizing the role of addressing data security and privacy concerns in integrating systems within city’s infrastructures provides valuable insights for stakeholders involved in smart city projects. Policymakers and researchers can benefit from this information to navigate the realm of data protection, within the realm of city development.
Herbaceous Edible Oilseed-Bearing Plants: Origin, Botanical Insights, Constraints, and Recent Progress
Authors: A. Anjum Naser , Masood Asim , Rasheed Faisal , Thangavel Palaniswamy , Umar Shahid , A. Khan Nafees
Published: October 2024

Carbohydrates, lipids (mostly fats and oils), proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water are the six main classes of nutrients found in foods. After carbohydrates, oils are important source of major calories required in the human diet. Oils act as a vehicle for some of the important vitamins and possess a range of nutrients and bio-active compounds. These edible oil-yielding plants can be categorized into non-woody (herbaceous) and woody (non-herbaceous) oil-bearing plants. This chapter mainly focuses on important herbaceous edible oilseed (crop)plants such as pea(ground)nut (Arachis hypogaea L.), Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern. and Coss.), rapeseed (Brassica campestris L.) (syn. B. rapa), soybean (Glycine max L.), flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.), sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), sesame (Sesamum indicum L.), safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.), and niger (Guizotia abyssinica L.). It aims to (a) overview the key insights into the origin, botany and benefits of the mentioned herbaceous edible oilseed (crop)plants; (b) highlight the major constraints for their growth and productivity (quantitative-qualitative); (c) enlighten important mitigation-approaches for minimizing the constraints-accrued impacts; (d) briefly overview the major aims and achievements of important breeding programmes focused on these oilseed-bearing (crops)plants; and also to (e) briefly present important aspects least explored on the subject.
PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL MONITORING OF THE CONDITION OF PINE PLANTINGS
Authors: Kosareva I.
Published: October 2024

An assessment of the current sanitary condition and biological productivity of plantings of the Prigorodny forestry of the Voronezh region is presented. The reasons for the weakening of tree stands were identified, and a detailed analysis of the planned and carried out sanitary and health measures in weakened and drying plantations was carried out. It was revealed that as the negative impact on plantations increases, the number of trees in the 1st condition category (“without signs of weakening”) decreases significantly and the proportion of trees in the 5th and 6th condition categories (“fresh dead wood and old dead wood”) increases. The influence of disturbance of the territory on the quality indicators of the crown and trunk of trees, which are the most important factors in the aesthetic assessment of pine plantations, is indicated. It was noted that fire-fighting measures, including clearing clearings, installing fire-fighting mineralized strips, installing barriers, as well as others, were exceeded in volume. Despite the fact that the natural conditions are most suitable for pine, it is not in the best state of life. This is due to the presence of a large number of pathogens of this breed. Based on the results of the study, recommendations for the formation of sustainable plantings were developed. It has been proven that, from a forest protection standpoint, it is desirable to create mixed plantings that are more resistant to the effects of pathogens and adverse environmental factors.
MAIN CROPS ON ZONAL SOILS AND PECULIARITIES OF THEIR CULTIVATION
Authors: Turko S.
Published: October 2024

The article deals with the problem of developing solonetz lands for sown hayfields and pastures. It is emphasized that special attention should be paid to the natural conditions of their formation, which determine the possibility of reclamation development of solonetz lands. When choosing a method of reclamation of solonetz areas it is necessary to take into account not only natural conditions of their formation, but also properties and structure of solonets. This allows to judge about the degree of pliability to their improvement. The object of research was the experimental-production field "Sorgo", 297 ha, Svetloyarsky district, Lugovoy settlement. On solonetz soils it is especially important to select drought-resistant and salt-tolerant crops, which are characterized by unpretentiousness to soils, productive longevity, good yield and eatability. Well-established and proven by wide practice crops for development of solonets: two-year crops - white and yellow melilot, annual crops - barley, winter rye, Sudanka, perennial crops - honeysuckle and yellow alfalfa. Alfalfa helps to improve the physical properties of the soil, improves soil structure due to its powerful root system. It can draw moisture from 2-3 meters. Mustard has strong salt tolerance. To obtain high yields of fodder crops on saline soils, these soils should be pre-cultivated.
PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCES AS A FORM OF PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS (USING THE EXAMPLE OF THE INSTITUTE OF NATURAL SCIENCES OF THE UDMURT STATE UNIVERSITY)
Authors: Artemyeva A.
Published: October 2024

The problem of ensuring the presentation, discussion and analysis of the results of students research work in the field of environmental protection and environmental management at environmental scientific and practical conferences is revealed using the example of the Institute of Natural Sciences of the Udmurt State University. The most attractive and effective options for organizing conferences for students in terms of obtaining new environmental knowledge and consolidating professional skills are considered. The analysis of the problems of environmental conferences over the past 5 years has been carried out, the main directions of research activity, the most popular among students, allowing them to consolidate their professional competencies and contributing to their personal and professional development, have been highlighted.
Improving Students' Critical Thinking Skills in Mathematics with The CTL Approach
Authors: Jannah Dakholatil , Tobroni Tobroni , Andriani Kumala Dewi Ririn
Published: October 2024

The low results of students' critical thinking skills in mathematics subjects with the CTL approach at MI Uswatun Hasanah Jagapura Kulon on Fraction material. This study aims to determine how to apply the CTL approach in improving students' critical thinking skills in mathematics subjects at MI Uswatun Hasanah Jagapura Kulon and improve students’ critical thinking abilities in the field of mathematics subjects with the CTL approach at MI Uswatun Hasanah Jagapura Kulon. This research is a class action research conducted in 2 cycles, and the research subjects are students of class III-A MI Uswatun Hasanah Jagapura Kulon, which amounted to 21 students. Test results and observations obtained data on critical thinking skills in math lessons with the CTL approach. CTL contextual learning steps include constructivism, inquiry, questioning, learning community, modeling, reflection, and authentic assessment. The results showed a significant increase from pre-cycle to Cycle II, with the percentage of completeness increasing from 19.04% to 85.71%, showing an increase in the criteria for critical thinking skills from "not critical" to "very critical."
In-Silico Analysis of Agrocybe aegerita Bioactive Compounds Targeting HER-2 Positive Breast Cancer Protein
Authors: Moses Iyekekpolor Osamudiame
Published: October 2024

This study explores the anti-cancer potential of bioactive compounds derived from Agrocybe aegerita, focusing on their interaction with the HER-2 protein, which is commonly overexpressed in aggressive breast cancers. Using in-silico molecular docking techniques via the SwissDock platform and AutoDock Vina algorithm, the binding affinities of three bioactive compounds—ceramide, ganoderic acid, and galectin—were evaluated and compared to standard cancer drugs, including doxorubicin, lapatinib, and pazopanib. The results demonstrated that ganoderic acid exhibited the highest binding affinity to HER-2 (-6.34 to -6.18), comparable to lapatinib and pazopanib, suggesting its strong therapeutic potential. Ceramide and galectin showed moderate affinities, indicating possible roles in complementary or synergistic therapies. The findings suggest that A. aegerita, particularly its ganoderic acid compound, holds promise as a natural source for novel anti-cancer agents, potentially offering comparable efficacy to synthetic drugs with fewer side effects. However, the limitations of in-silico studies are acknowledged, and further in vitro and in vivo validation is necessary to confirm these promising results. This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on natural bioactive compounds, underscoring the potential of mushrooms in cancer therapy and advocating for more extensive studies to harness their medicinal properties.
Effect of Processing on Nutritional and Antinutritional Composition of SAMPEA-11 and 20-T Cowpea Cultivars
Authors: Titus Stephen Dio , Abershi Ajiduku Leyoa , Francis Achilus , Mafe Alice Njolke , Samuel Kennedy Banja , Daniel Ejembi Ocholi , Ojogbene Eleojo
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the effects of boiling and roasting on the nutritional and antinutritional composition of SAMPEA-11 and SAMPEA 20T. Ash content increased after roasting, with SAMPEA-11 rising from 2.5% to 3.1% and SAMPEA 20T from 2.7% to 3.4%. Crude fiber content displayed varied trend; in SAMPEA 20T an increase from 5.0% to 6.2% post-roasting, while SAMPEA-11 remained relatively stable. Lipid content increased significantly in roasted SAMPEA 20T by 2.8% and boiled SAMPEA-11 by 1.5. Protein content in SAMPEA-11 decreased after boiling and roasting, dropping by 4.5% and 2.9%, respectively. SAMPEA 20T showed an increase of 1.2 after boiling. For the antinutrients, boiling significantly reduced tannin levels in SAMPEA-11 from 0.45 mg/g to 0.23 mg/g, while roasting further reduced it to 0.15 mg/g in SAMPEA 20T. Oxalate levels increased after boiling, from 0.18 mg/g to 0.31 mg/g in SAMPEA-11 and 0.20 mg/g to 0.29 mg/g in SAMPEA 20T, while phytates decreased by 30% across both varieties after roasting. In the same vein, boiling and roasting both reduced concentrations lectin. While folate content, also decreased significantly in SAMPEA-11 after roasting, from 270 to 140 µg/100g. In contrast, SAMPEA 20T retained more folate, with a minimal reduction after boiling (250 to 220 µg/100g). Hence, Roasting was found to enhance shelf life by reducing moisture content while improving carbohydrate and mineral content. However, boiling appears more effective in retaining essential nutrients like protein and folate, especially in SAMPEA 20T. These findings provide insights for optimizing processing techniques to improve nutritional quality of cowpeas.
Workplace Bullying on Academic Female Workers of Higher Education Institutions: A Case Study of LUAWMS, Uthal
Authors: Mohammad Riaz Bandija  , Nageen Shahid  , Farheen Qadir  , Amna Ahmed  , Shumaila Kamrani
Published: October 2024

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of workplace bullying on academic performance of female workers of higher education institutions. Female employees who work in various departments and fields under various supervisors have a significant place at universities. The effects of workplace bullying on female academic employees at higher education institutions are addressed by this study. The mixed method of research served as the foundation for this study. This study's target population included all female employees, department heads, deans, and teachers. A sample of the six faculties has been chosen. The information was gathered using a carefully thought-out questionnaire. The information was gathered from a few LUAWMS faculties. There are five items in the interview and nearly thirty in the questionnaire for this survey-based data collection method. SPSS and statistical software were used to carry out the analysis process. The study's findings support the association between workplace bullying and female vulnerability, as well as the factors that contribute to workplace bullying, as documented in the literature. Women who work long hours for the benefit of the organization are particularly vulnerable and are more likely to be harassed by men and other coworkers.
Introduction
Authors: STANDING KAY , PARKER SARA , LOTTER STEFANIE
Published: October 2024

The volume discusses stigma and menstrual experiences from menarche to menopause across a wide range of disciplines and geographic areas. It utilises academics, activists, and artists from the Global South and North to explore common concerns such as period poverty, product sustainability, and the environmental impact. Researchers utilise a range of research techniques including creative and visual methods to explore emerging fields in menstrual studies. With a focus on culture, stigma, and lived experiences this collection critically discusses dignity and inclusivity. The volume addresses issues of trans and non-binary menstruation, ageism and menopause, as well as the nexus of menstruation and disability. It focuses on lived experiences, policymaking, and the communication of menstruation in the public sphere through education and within the media.
Menstrual Health in the Global South
Authors: LETSIE PULENG R
Published: October 2024

This chapter will use the new Global AIDS Strategy (UNAIDS, 2021) inequality framework to highlight key menstrual health issues in the Global South, focusing on Africa. Linking menstrual health to the Global AIDS Strategy framework enables us to leverage some of the strategies that are working in other areas of public health to menstrual health. It emphasises the links between human rights and menstrual health, with a strong focus on key human rights commitments made by leaders in the Global South. It highlights current efforts including menstrual health policy and guidelines, as well as critical success factors and the need for accountability. It calls for gender transformative and rights based menstrual health programmes in the Global South which are grounded both in research and community.
Authors: PARKER SARA , DALY ANGELA , SHRESTHA BABU KAJI
Published: October 2024

This chapter provides a case study of the development of a creative menstruation education toolkit in Nepal. Drawing on a collaboration from the British Academy GCRF funded research project ‘Dignity Without Danger’ (DWD), stakeholders collaborated to revise the national curriculum and develop and gather a range of educational resources on menstruation. Global Action Nepal took the lead to work with the Menstrual Health and Hygiene Partnership Alliance Nepal (MHMPA) and DWD partner organisations and GiZ (German Development Agency), working with the Ministry of Health and Ministry of Education, including experts from the Curriculum Development team to develop and pilot a ‘Menstruation Education Toolkit’. This uses creative approaches to teach and learn about menstruation and sexual and reproductive health. We argue that a holistic approach to active-learning and teacher training is needed to break the silence around menstruation. The chapter showcases examples of good practice from this collaboration, highlighting the opportunities and challenges arising and explores how these can be applied in the school and community setting in Nepal and beyond. It also highlights the need to work across sectors and calls for more collaborative action research to develop advocacy and educational outputs.
Menstruation in Motion: Understanding Experiences of Menstruation in Sport in Zambia
Authors: ZIPP SARAH , MWAMBWA LOMBE
Published: October 2024

Research and advocacy on menstruation has grown dramatically in recent years, yet insight on the experiences of menstrual health in the context of sport and physical activity is lacking. In this chapter, we examine the experiences of adolescent girls in an after-school sport for development programme in Zambia. This programme is designed to support health, education, and social development of adolescent girls. Delivered through the National Organisation for Women in Sport, Physical Activity and Recreation (NOWSPAR) of Zambia, participants took part in four menstrual health education lessons and activities.

Key findings from this research include the need for better (and earlier) education on the complete menstrual cycle, cultural stigma and shame of menstruation and using physical activity as an approach for coping with menstrual pain and symptoms. Our research suggests that menstrual health education in a sport context offers an embodied approach for learning and engagement that can be very impactful for adolescent participants.
Engaging Men on Women’s Terms: Improving Workplace Menstrual Health Through an Appreciative Inquiry Co-design Process
Authors: FRY WHITNEY , MULI ALFRED , AVNI MICHAL
Published: October 2024

Menstruating employees often face challenges managing their periods at work, particularly in low-income settings. To better understand and improve conditions for menstruating employees, the USAID Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Partnerships and Learning for Sustainability (WASHPaLS) project’s Menstrual Hygiene Management (MHM) in the Workplace activity carried out action research in two Kenyan companies. The effort sought to understand possible linkages between menstrual health and women’s economic empowerment, as well as with private sector outcomes. At one workplace, a select group of menstruating employees participated in a facilitated session, following the Appreciative Inquiry methodology, to design male engagement efforts that would support improved workplace menstrual health. Outcomes from this session included 1) formation of a Menstrual Health Committee comprised of two men and one woman from each department, 2) plans to train the Committee on issues of workplace menstrual health, and 3) methods for sensitising the company’s male employees about menstrual health. Subsequent male engagement activities in the workplace were carried out by the Committee, with early-on technical support provided by the WASHPaLS team. Male engagement efforts in this company have been sustained by the Menstrual Health Committee following the intervention’s completion and have contributed to overall improvements in workplace menstrual health.
Disability and Menstruation in Nepal, India, and Bangladesh Through an Inclusive Lens
Authors: BASNET SAPANA , LAMICHHANE SARITA
Published: October 2024

Nepal, India, and Bangladesh have made notable progress on inclusion of rights of people with disabilities and gender equality at policy and programme level. However restrictive beliefs and practices, gender disparity, and cultural practices like menstruation taboos are still deeply rooted. For those living with disabilities, challenges are magnified as they face multiple burdens of managing accessibility barriers; stigma associated with disability; and put up with restrictive cultural practices while menstruating. Despite the policies and increased emphasis on inclusive programmes, disability-inclusive menstrual health management (MHM) programmes are inadequate to address the real needs of women and girls with disability. The authors draw on their previous gender and disabilities research and programme implementation experiences on MHM in Nepal, India, and Bangladesh to argue that MHM for women and girls with disability need to be addressed through convergence of socioeconomic equity, health equity, and human rights lens, not only through cultural lens. Drawing on their experiences working with governments and non-government actors in these countries and reflecting on their journey over the past decades, the authors highlight the need for systems behaviour change to mainstream MHM of women and girls with disability as priority MHM agenda for government and other agencies.
Experiences of Menstruation and Menarche Among Older Iranian Muslim Women
Authors: AMINI ELHAM
Published: October 2024

Using a conceptual framework constructed from Mary Douglas’ anthropological account of risk and pollution and Connell’s gender order theory and deploying biographical life course approach, this chapter will present an overview of experiences of menstruation and menarche among Iranian Muslim women covering a key theme closely linked to inequality. To do so, I will draw on original empirical data collected from a hard-to-reach population in the Global South (Iranian Muslim women). This data is derived from a broader project regarding older women’s health and experiences of menopause and sexual experience in Iran. Drawing on 30 biographical interviews with older Muslim women in Tehran and Karaj who regularly attended religious classes in 2015, I will discuss how Iranian Muslim women understand their menarche and menstruation. By exploring this theme, I will explain how Iranian society’s gender symbolism gives meaning to important bodily changes such as menarche and menstruation. I conceive ‘menarche and menstruation’ as embodied gendered phenomenon and scrutinise these embodied gendered meanings and reveal the reflexive embodiment of women.
Conclusion
Authors: STANDING KAY , PARKER SARA , LOTTER STEFANIE
Published: October 2024

Understanding the social context of menstruation is key for both health benefits and social justice. The volume has highlighted the diversity, breadth, and depth into menstruation research and experiences across the globe. There has been a growth of awareness and global activism, with the establishment of menstrual networks and a more inclusive definition of menstrual health. Yet there are notable absences, and the need for further research. Voices from Latin America for example, are missing from this volume, and much of the literature from the Global North is from the UK, USA, and Northern Europe. Research on disability is limited, and the menopause is emerging as under researched issue. In conclusion we highlight the work of networks, the importance of collaboration, and draw together the issues raised in the book and look forward to emerging research priorities.
Introduction
Authors: HADFIELD ANDREW , HAMMOND PAUL
Published: October 2024

The conflict over the naming of the English Civil War (The War of the Three Kingdoms; The Great Rebellion; The British Civil Wars) reflects the fractious verbal nature of the conflict itself. The introduction explains why words in everyday use – freedom, God, Liberty, nature, slavery, king, people, and others – were at the heart of the struggle for supremacy between supporters of the King and allies of Parliament from the 1630s until after the Restoration. The introduction explains the background to the conflict, before exploring the thoughts of different writers – Sir John Denham, Robert Herrick, John Milton, the author of Eikon Basilike – to show how seemingly ordinary words proved so controversial, triggering fundamental debates, as people struggled to make sense of a war that few really wanted.
The Digital Grotesque
Authors: Moreno-Almeida Cristina
Published: October 2024

This chapters unravels the concept of the digital grotesque. It examines how grotesque aesthetics have been part of the creative process of artists, from sounds to images. The chapter suggests that artists and writers have experimented with ugliness throughout history as a form of political protest as well as affective resonance. The grotesque has been employed by different ideologies. The digital grotesque is presented as a tool for aesthetic disobedience. The chapter then connects monsters to meme culture. While it embraces the dominant understanding of monsters, it adds a characteristic shared by monsters inspired by its Arabic etymology. Digital monsters, therefore, serve to reveal and warn, but also to highlight feelings of isolation and yearning for connection in a monstrous world.
The Case for (Decolonial) Horror
Authors: Moreno-Almeida Cristina
Published: October 2024

This chapter presents the case for horror in North Africa and the Middle East. It claims that the 2010s witnessed a surge in the creation of horror fiction within digital platforms. The chapter argues that by opening up discussions where horror and its monsters are visible, the stories they tell and the artists that engage in this genre are able to reclaim their agency in choosing the aesthetics they prefer to narrate the stories they deem valuable. Addressing the digital as a space in which to imagine and share horror is particularly urgent in contexts where television and radio broadcasting are under the tight control of the state. In such a context, genres and aesthetics are chosen from the top down with little care for audiences’ preferences. The chapter shows that horror allows for monsters to re-emerge, staging unfinished feuds over and over again.
Conclusion: The Unbearable Afterlives of Memes
Authors: Moreno-Almeida Cristina
Published: October 2024

This chapter presents the concluding remarks of the book. It argues that memes from a non-anglophone perspective act as a double form alternative media due to lack of interest in them as a serious form of media and in their language (a non-official language from the Global South). The act of writing this book is per se an act of scholarly disobedience because it decentres the dominant anglophone datasphere while theorising from this alternative alternative mediation. Furthermore, the book contests the limited engagement with horror in North Africa and the Middle East evidencing a need to go beyond the use of horror as a metaphor. Horror in the digital allows us to embrace digital deaths, rebirths, and afterlives, reclaiming the value of obsolescence and the obsolete. In this sense, this book contends that we need to stop ignoring what is considered by some unsellable, uninteresting, and unimportant.
Assessment of Dietary Fiber Intake in Adults: Consideration of Gender and Age Disparities
Authors:   Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Trustwell Hospitals, Bangalore, Karnataka, India, Venkatraman Sreemathy , Kandhi Triveni
Published: October 2024

Background: Many studies have focused on the health effects of dietary fibre. Despite the advice of numerous experts to increase fibre consumption, many population groups have failed to meet the recommended daily average intake, which may lead to the development of various chronic diseases. Objectives: This study aimed to gain insight into the dietary fibre intake of adults in the Indian population. Methods and Materials: A questionnaire-based survey was conducted on 800 adults. A structured questionnaire containing 12 questions was used to collect data from the study participants. Data were analysed using statistical methods, and the outcomes were presented and interpreted. Results: A total of 800 participants (621 females and 179 males) were surveyed. A significant association was found between daily fruit intake and age (p=0.000) and gender (p=0.009). A significant association was observed between the consumption of daily 2 cups of vegetables and age (p=0.000) and gender (p=0.289). The majority of participants (57.61%) had fruits in the evening between lunch and dinner. The majority of females (281) had two cups of vegetables daily, followed by males (73). Approximately 32% of the participants consumed green leafy vegetables 2 times a week, and 27% consumed vegetables once a week. Of the 800 participants, 11% experienced constipation, 62% used digestive biscuits, and 85% did not use fibre supplements to relieve constipation. Conclusion: The findings showed age and gender differences in adult fibre consumption, highlighting the critical role that dietary fibre plays in maintaining good health and well-being. Keywords Age, Gender, Dietary fibre, Questionnaire, Survey
Applications of Hydroxyapatite in Healthcare Sectors – A Perspective Review
Authors:   Department of Biomedical Engineering, Karpaga Vinayaga College of Engineering and Technology, GST Road, Padalam, Chengalpattu, 603308, Tamil Nadu, India, Sneha S , Kanmani C , Ajay S , Surendar S , Sivakumar K
Published: October 2024

Nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) provides a promising prospect in the field of healthcare owing to its biocompatibility and resemblance to the mineral composition of genuine bone. Nevertheless, there are still obstacles to overcome in order to convert its potential into practical applications. An important challenge is to develop scalable and reproducible synthesis methods that guarantee constant quality of nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp). Ensuring precise control over particle size, shape, and purity is of utmost importance, as these parameters have a direct influence on the biocompatibility and effectiveness. Furthermore, it is necessary to conduct further research on the long-term stability and degradation rates in living organisms in order to ensure proper absorption of materials and minimize the risk of toxicity. Notwithstanding these difficulties, nHAp exhibits great potential. The capacity to function as a precise drug delivery system, namely for the treatment of bone disorders and cancer, is a highly intriguing field of study. Moreover, scaffolds built on nHAp exhibit promise in the field of bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. By integrating antibacterial compounds or altering the surface features of nHAp, there are possibilities for addressing infections and inflammation. Maximizing the complete capabilities of nHAp requires continuous research, namely in the areas of scalable synthesis, toxicity assessment, and clinical application. Successfully overcoming these obstacles will clear the path for nHAp to completely transform the healthcare industry and contribute to a new age of patient care. Keywords Hydroxyapatite, Healthcare, Bone, Dentistry
DEVELOPMENT OF ANTIMICROBIAL PACKAGING MATERIALS FOR FOOD PRODUCTS BASED ON COPPER NANOPARTICLES
Authors: Samadun A.I. , Taussarova B.R. , Nabiyeva Zh.S. , Daribayeva G.T.
Published: October 2024

In the process of storage and delivery, food products are subjected to physical changes, resulting in moisture exchange between the product and the environment, mechanical damage, chemical processes occurring in the product itself, as well as microbiological damage. The use of packaging materials on the basis of polyolefins, reduce the influencing factors leading to rapid corruption of food products. However, by their nature, polyethylene and polypropylene films do not have antimicrobial properties. Therefore, in order for the packaging based on them to protect the product from microbiological damage, various technological techniques are used for the processing of packaging, as well as the introduction of special antimicrobial agents into the composition of the film. The present study developed a method of synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles stabilized with gelatin and pectin. The synthesis was carried out by direct chemical sedimentation. Copper chloride was used as a precursor to the synthesis of copper oxide. Gelatin and pectin were used as stabilizers.
The results showed that CuO nanoparticles, stabilized with gelatin and pectin, have a high potential for use in food packaging – both as a stand-alone nanoplane and as part of other packaging materials.
STUDY OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT EFFICIENCY USING A COMBINED METHOD OF FORWARD AND REVERSE OSMOSIS INTEGRATED WITH ACTIVATED CARBON TREATMENT
Authors: Kurtibay K.A. , Zhatkanbayev Ye.Ye. , Kappassuly A. , Ussenova A.A. , Zhatkanbayeva Zh.K. , Moldagulova N.B. , Moldagulova E.B.
Published: October 2024

In Kazakhstan, the issue of providing the population with quality drinking water remains one of the topical and important issues. Despite significant efforts in the field of infrastructure and water treatment technologies, many regions of Kazakhstan still face problems of pollution and insufficient water resources. In this regard, the development of effective water treatment methods is of particular importance. This study considers the issue of wastewater treatment by the combined method of forward and reverse osmosis, which is a key direction in modern water treatment. The relevance of the work is the use of integration of forward osmosis methods with the process of adsorption by powdered activated carbon in wastewater treatment. The use of powdered activated carbon in the process of wastewater treatment leads to a reduction in the content of organic matter, which are water pollutants. As a result of the experiment with pretreatment of wastewater with powdered activated carbon, a decrease in the level of chemical oxygen demand (COD) in wastewater from 538 mg O/dm3 to 256 mg O/dm3 was observed, as well as a relative decrease in the concentration of other indicators. The draw solution in the form of 1.5 M NaCl gradually drawing water molecules from the feed solution pretreated with activated carbon on the tenth day had a concentration of 0.425 M absorbing 2.529 liters of water entering through the membrane that is 27.6% more than the control version of the experiment. The effectiveness of integrated methods lies in the successful combination of different technologies to improve water treatment processes and ensure the availability of clean water not only in Kazakhstan, but also in different parts of the world.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING THE SOFTWARE PRODUCT "ASSISTANT FOR THE PREPARATION OF TEST TASKS" TO TEST THE KNOWLEDGE OF STUDENTS
Authors: Akishev K. , Тulegulov A. , Zhamangarin D. , Nurtai Z. , Ospanov E.
Published: October 2024

The educational and methodological set of documentation (UMKD) is an integral part of the educational process at a higher educational institution.
 One of the types of control of a student at a higher educational institution is passing a test. Currently, it is the most common and popular tool used in many disciplines, providing a transparent, fast and quite practical way of verifying students' knowledge.
When developing tests, teachers use various programs, while spending quite a lot of time to prepare, first, control questions, and then add them to the appropriate program.
In this regard, the purpose of our research is the need to develop software code that allows you to use ChatGPT for the automated formation of test tasks when checking the knowledge of students.
The developed computer program "Assistant for the preparation of test tasks" allows you to automate the process of preparing test tasks for text of any volume and number of questions;
The program code can be used in educational institutions of the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
The practical application of the developed program "Assistant for the preparation of test tasks" allows to increase the effectiveness of the teacher's work by 80% compared to existing analogues for the development of test tasks. At the same time, the quality and adequacy of the developed issues are at a high level.
ENHANCING QUALITY AND SHELF LIFE OF ORGANIC SAUSAGES WITH PURSLANE POWDER
Authors: Makangali K. , Ospankulova G. , Tokysheva G.
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the effects of adding purslane powder (Portulaca oleracea) to organic sausages made from organic beef, focusing on physicochemical properties, sensory characteristics, and microbiological stability. The use of natural additives is crucial in organic sausage production due to restrictions on synthetic preservatives and sodium nitrite. Samples were prepared with 0.8%, 1.2%, and 1.4% purslane powder and compared to a control without purslane. Results showed that purslane powder significantly improved moisture retention, with the highest levels observed in the 1.2% and 1.4% samples. pH values remained stable across all samples, indicating effective acidity regulation. Water activity (aw) values were consistent, ensuring microbiological safety. The total viable count (TVC) was significantly lower in samples with purslane, particularly at 1.2% and 1.4% concentrations, compared to the control. Sensory analysis indicated that the sample with 1.2% purslane maintained high scores similar to the control, while the 1.4% sample exhibited a bitter taste and greenish tint, negatively affecting its sensory attributes. The use of organic beef aligns with consumer demand for natural and healthy products, providing high-quality protein without synthetic additives. Purslane powder, known for its antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, proved to be an effective natural additive for improving the quality and shelf life of organic sausages. The optimal concentration of 1.2% purslane is recommended, offering a balance between enhanced physicochemical properties and favorable sensory characteristics. This study supports the use of natural additives in organic meat products, promoting healthier and more sustainable food options.
STUDY OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOFT DRINKS OBTAINED WITH ADDITION OF GOOSEBERRY EXTRACT
Authors: Khamitova B. , Dikhanbayeva F. , Koshtayeva G.
Published: October 2024

The manufacturing of juice-containing soft drinks is experiencing significant expansion in both international and domestic markets, including Kazakhstan. This tendency can be attributed to the aspiration of the working-age population in developed countries to adopt a health-conscious lifestyle. The manufacturing of beverages using natural fruit and berry ingredients is highly intriguing in this context. Enriching soft drinks with a diverse array of physiologically active chemicals derived from plant materials is highly significant. This study aims to investigate the physicochemical characteristics of soft drinks and assess the potential application of gooseberry extract. 
In order to create a non-alcoholic beverage, the valuable wild gooseberries were utilised. These gooseberries are rich in biologically active elements, including vitamins, vitamin-like compounds, flavonoids, minerals, and other chemicals. 
The acquired results are derived from a substantial volume of empirical study and are founded upon an examination of literary data pertaining to the chemical makeup of gooseberries. The study investigated the chemical makeup of gooseberries using contemporary techniques of chemical analysis. A recipe for a non-alcoholic beverage made using gooseberry extract, free from any artificial ingredients, has been devised. The organoleptic and physico-chemical features of it have been determined. 
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ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ МЕТОДОВ УЛУЧШЕНИЯ КАЧЕСТВА КОНИНЫ ПРИ ПЕРЕРАБОТКЕ
Authors: Гаптар С.Л. , Байтукенова С.Б.
Published: October 2024

В данной работе рассматриваются современные биотехнологические методы, направленные на улучшение качества конины. Рассматриваются принципы их действия, влияние на структуру, вкус и питательные свойства мяса.
Для оптимизации производственного цикла и улучшения качества соленых мясопродуктов, особенно из конины с высокой жесткостью, рекомендуется использовать биотехнологические и физические методы обработки. Одним из эффективных подходов является использование парного мяса, которое обладает высокой влагосвязывающей способностью и выраженными бактериостатическими свойствами, что замедляет рост микробов. Для ускорения процессов посола и созревания применяют методы, такие как электростимуляция, шприцевание и механическая обработка. Результаты показывают, что опытные образцы соленой конины содержат больше влаги и имеют лучшую влагосвязывающую способность, что улучшает выход и сочность продукта. При этом прочностные характеристики у них ниже на 32% по сравнению с контрольными образцами. Микробиологические показатели соответствуют нормам, хотя на начальной стадии механической обработки наблюдается небольшой рост микроорганизмов. Тепловая обработка и использование парного сырья способствуют качеству продукта, а применение 13% посола и 6 часов циклической механической обработки ускоряет процесс посола и улучшает физико-химические свойства мяса.
OPTIMAL CONTROL OF AN UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE
Authors: Mazakov T. Zh. , Mazakova A. T , Jomartova Sh. A. , Toikenov G. Ch. , Aliaskar M. S.
Published: October 2024

The main objective of this work is to develop algorithms and software solutions for finding optimal control strategies for an unmanned aerial vehicle, the mathematical model of which is represented by a system of ordinary differential equations. Using the maximum principle, an algorithm was developed to determine the optimal control. The presented methods and models are of high practical importance for managing various economic and technical systems.
ЖОЛ ҚИЫЛЫСТАРЫНДАҒЫ КӨЛІК ҚҰРАЛДАРЫНЫҢ АҒЫНЫН НАҚТЫ УАҚЫТ РЕЖИМІНДЕ ДИНАМИКАЛЫҚ РЕТТЕУ
Authors: Тулегулов А.Д. , Жамангарин Д.С. , Алтынбек С.А. , Акишев К.М. , Сапарходжаев Н.П.
Published: October 2024

Соңғы жылдары қалалық жерлерде бағдаршамдардың өткізу қабілеттілігін арттыру мақсатында көлік құралдарының кептелісін динамикалық басқаруға көбірек көңіл бөлінуде. Осы мақсатта кіру жылдамдығына негізделген жеке traf C шамдары үшін бірқатар адаптивті басқару алгоритмдері ұсынылды. Алайда, нақты уақыт режимінде бірнеше қиылыстардан өтетін жол жағдайларын ескере отырып, бағдаршамдардың өткізу қабілеттілігін арттыру мәселесіне  көңіл бөлінді. Бұл жұмыста біз әр түрлі шығыс бағыттарына кіретін көліктерді қарастыра отырып, максималды өткізу мәселені тұжырымдаймыз. Содан кейін біз жаңа адаптивті traf C жарық сигналын басқару алгоритмін ұсынамыз, ол жол қозғалысын барынша арттыруға және қиылыста көлік құралдарының күту уақытын қысқартуға мүмкіндік береді. Ұсынылған алгоритм негізгі және көршілес қиылыстардың нақты уақыттағы жол жағдайына байланысты traf C жарық сигналының фазалары мен ұзақтығын реттейді. SUMO модельдеу арқылы біз ұсынылған алгоритмнің өткізу қабілеттілігі мен орташа жүру уақыты тұрғысынан тиімділігін көрсетеміз
THE IMPACT OF FOREIGN AID ON THE ECONOMIC GROWTH OF CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES (analytical review) ASIAN COUNTRIES
Authors: Serikkyzy A. , Baktymbet S.S. , Ermirzoev М. , Akhmetova A.B.
Published: October 2024

This study explores the relationship between foreign financial aid and economic growth in Central Asian countries. Foreign aid is viewed as a critical resource for promoting long-term growth by addressing key challenges such as infrastructure, healthcare, and education. However, the effectiveness of aid remains contentious, with critics arguing that it may foster dependency, corruption, and inefficient use of resources. Central Asia, comprising countries like Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan, has received substantial foreign financial aid since gaining independence following the dissolution of the Soviet Union. While some scholars suggest that foreign aid has positively impacted the economic growth of Central Asian nations, others argue that it has had minimal or even negative effects. This study emphasizes the importance of evaluating not only the amount of aid but also its effectiveness, with a particular focus on the role of institutional quality in determining the success of aid in promoting sustainable economic development.