bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pemodelan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi angka kesembuhan tuberkulosis di Jawa Barat menggunakan regresi spline truncated
Authors: Evitasari Niken , Handajani Sri Sulistijowati , Pratiwi Hasih
Published: October 2022

Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Transmission of tuberculosis (TBC) can occur due to environmental factors and community behavior. West Java is Indonesia's province with the highest number of tuberculosis cases. Curing tuberculosis is critical to reducing cases and breaking the transmission chain. The Human Development Index (IPM), good sanitation, comprehensive tuberculosis treatment, public spaces (PS) meeting health criteria, and residents having health insurance are all assumed to influence the tuberculosis cure rate. This research aimed to model the elements that have a substantial impact on tuberculosis cure rates.The tuberculosis cure rate in West Java in 2020 was modeled using nonparametric spline truncated linear regression with a combination of knot points (3,3,3,3,2). The lowest Generalized Cross Validation (GCV) value of 26.7579 was used to find the best knot point. The adjusted coefficient of determination for this study was 96.35 percent, indicating that the linear truncated spline regression model with a combination of knot points is feasible to use in modeling. The five predictor variables simultaneously affect the tuberculosis cure rate of 96.35 percent, while 3.65 percent is influenced by other variables not used in the study.

Keywords: Spline truncated, tuberculosis cure, knots, GCVMSC2020: 62G08
Variasi spasial dan temporal nilai-b pada gempa bumi di wilayah Sulawesi Tengah, Gorontalo, dan sekitarnya menggunakan metode robust fitting
Authors: Fitriyati Nina , Wijaya Madona Yunita , Bisyri M. Alvi
Published: October 2022

This study discusses variation in seismic and tectonic modeled by a Gutenberg-Richter relationship for earthquakes in the Central Sulawesi, Gorontalo, and surrounding areas using the Robust Fitting Method (RFM) with the weight function of Tukey’s bisquare. The declustering process on earthquake data is carried out using the Reasenberg equation. The values for both parameters are analyzed spatially and temporally. In the spatial analysis, the research area is divided into 43 grids. In the temporal analysis, the research area is divided into zone A and zone B. The data grouping is done using a sliding time window method, i.e., grouping 50 earthquake catalogs with 5 overlapping events. The results according to spatial analysis show that the b-values range from 0.38 – 1.19. Areas with low b-values (0.38 – 0.7) occur around the Palu-Koro Fault, i.e., Palu city, Malacca strait, and to Toli-Toli, and also in the northern region of Gorontalo, i.e., the subduction plate of the Sulawesi Sea. Meanwhile, high b-values (0.71 – 1.19) are in the Tomini Bay area which is an area with frequent occurrence of earthquakes but has the small potential to generate large-scale earthquakes. The results of the temporal b-value estimation in zones A and B range between values of 0.38 - 1.25. The b-values appear to decrease before the occurrence of major earthquakes in 1996 and 2018 in zone A. The b-values decreased before the occurrence of major earthquakes in 1990, 1991, 2000, and 2008 in zone B. However, the b-values cannot be used as a precursor before the big earthquake in 1997.

Keywords: Tukey’s bisquare, Reasenberg equation, Gutenberg-Richter relationship, sliding time window, Robust Fitting Method. MSC2020: 86A15
A Study on Chinese Teacher’s Perception and Implementation of Integrated Curriculum in Elementary Schools
Authors:   Korean Comparative Education Society, Kim SeonMee , Li Jiuxiang
Published: October 2022

In order to understand the recent education trends in China, this study attempts to figure how integrated education, which has become the center of education reform, is being practiced in Chinese elementary school. A survey was conducted with elementary school teachers in China, pursuing how teachers perceive the current state of the operation and practice of integrated curriculum, and how they thought to improve it.
As a result, almost Chinese teachers participated in survey positively supported the implementation of the integrated curriculum and thought that they should practice it. Chinese elementary school teachers differed from Korean teachers in that they recognized the competency of ‘knowledge and information processing' as the most important core competency among core competencies, but both teachers had similar perception in recognizing ‘aesthetic and emotional competency’ as the least important. It was found that the degree to which integrated classes were being practiced in Chinese school education did not show a very high level of awareness.
In general, Chinese elementary teachers considered that the educational conditions were not yet suitable for adopting integrated curriculum, in particular, and that integrated curriculum would make lower their students' academic ability because it did not carry the evaluation of student’s academic achievement. It was emphasized that the formation of the Teacher Research Cooperation Group was more necessary than on-line or off-line education for integrated education in order to improve the practice of intergrated classes. It was also raised that translating educational research terms that were interpreted reflecting the socio-cultural context of each country and compiling an annotation dictionary were necessary for the development of international comparative educational research.
Comparative Analysis of Public Alternative Schools in South Korea, USA, and Japan
Authors:   Korean Comparative Education Society, Kim Jihyun , Kim Ji Hye , Ahn Eunkyung
Published: October 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the meaning of public alternative schools in the overall public education system and to draw implications for the public education system in Korea, by comparing public alternative schools in South Korea, the United States, and Japan.
Methods: For this purpose, we analyzed the literature on public alternative schools in those three countries, focusing on their background, legal basis, operation status, and school practices. The analysis included public alternative schools in South Korea, public alternative schools for students at risk of education failure in the United States, and special schools for students with school refusal in Japan.
Results: The results showed that public alternative schools in those three countries had the purpose of providing effective intervention for dropout students or students at risk, with a legal basis allowing relatively flexible curriculum management. Also, public alternative schools in Korea and Japan emphasized an alternative curriculum not centered on academic performance and college entrance preparations, while those schools in the United States emphasized the curriculum to improve students’ academic performance.
Conclusion: The authors drew the following implications based on the findings above. First, public alternative schools play an important role as a safety net that guarantees educational opportunities for socioeconomically disadvantaged children and adolescents exposed to various risk factors. Also, alternative schools can more effectively function in close connection with the community around the schools and the entire public education and lifelong education ecosystem beyond individual schools.
O uso de tecnologia em projetos de urbanismo durante a pandemia de Covid-19
Authors: Costa Graciete Guerra da , Figueiredo Derick , Chaveco Tamara , Triani Angélica Pereira
Published: October 2022

O estudo das cidades se torna fundamental para conhecer o processo evolutivo de um local e as necessidades das pessoas que o habitam. Com foco no traçado da cidade, uma série de aspectos devem ser avaliados, como o processo de expansão, a malha viária, a configuração dos lotes e hierarquia das vias, a infraestrutura urbana e a acessibilidade. Com base nisso, foi realizado, em 2020 (Pandemia COVID-19) um estudo acerca do bairro Santa Cecília, localizado no município do Cantá, ao norte do Estado de Roraima. Essa pesquisa foi desenvolvida durante a disciplina de Projeto Urbanístico II da Universidade Federal de Roraima, com a intenção de aplicar os conhecimentos obtidos durante o semestre no estudo de um bairro local. A metodologia empregada foi a pesquisa bibliográfica e a relação dos conceitos teóricos aprendidos no curso com a observação in loco do espaço estudado, com o objetivo de apresentar as características urbanísticas do bairro e o seu processo evolutivo. Os resultados obtidos foram mapas de estudo da malha urbana e da hierarquia viária, que permitiram a análise de parâmetros urbanísticos como a largura das avenidas e das calçadas. Dessa forma, foi possível identificar as problemáticas e as potencialidades do bairro e apontar os aspectos que precisam ser melhorados, a fim de garantir melhor qualidade de vida para os cidadãos locais.
Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Effect of Rosemary, Parsley, Thyme, Chive, and Dill Extracts
Authors: Park Rang Ju , Ryu Min Jeong
Published: October 2022

Purpose: This study aims to confirm the potential of rosemary, parsley, thyme, chive, and dill extracts as natural antimicrobial agents and incense cosmetic materials by evaluating the antioxidation effects and antimicrobial effects on the skin and related microorganisms.Methods: Rosemary, parsley, thyme, chive, and dill were extracted with 70% ethanol and used as a sample. Antioxidant effects were measured at the total polyphenol and flavonoid content, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, 2,2'-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging effects and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity effect. And for Staphylococcus epidermidis, Propionibacterium acnes, Corynebacterium xerosis, Malassezia furfur, and Trichophyton mentagrophytes related to the skin, the antimicrobial effect was measured using the paper disc method.Results: Among the rosemary, parsley, thyme, chive, and dill extracts, the total polyphenol and flavonoids were found to be high in rosemary and parsley extracts. DPPH and ABS radical scavenging effects and SOD-like activity effects were confirmed to be in the order of rosemary>parsley>thyme> chives>dill. As a result of measuring the antimicrobial effects at a concentration of 5 mg/mL, S. epidermidis was confirmed to be in the order of parsley=rosemary=thyme>chive=dill, P. acnes was confirmed to be in the order of rosemary>parsley>dill>thyme=chive, C. xerosis was confirmed to be in the order of rosemary>parsley>dill>thyme=chives, M. furfur was confirmed to be in the order of rosemary>parsley>dill>chives>thyme, and T. mentagrophytes was confirmed to be in the order of rosemary>parsley>chives>dill>thyme.Conclusion: Rosemary, parsley, thyme, chive, and dill extracts were confirmed to have antioxidant and antimicrobial effects, confirming their potential as natural antimicrobial agents and incense cosmetic materials.
Comparison Analysis of Tests for the Sebum Content on the Scalp Using Meibometer® and Sebumeter®
Authors: Kim Na-Young , Kim Bo-Ra , Jung Mi-Gyoung , Park Sung-Hyuk , Jin Hwa-Yeong , Jang Hyeon-Jeong , Kim Seong-Jin
Published: October 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to show that Meibometer® is a useful analysis technique for the measurement and evaluation of the sebum content on the scalp by comparing the test analysis results of the scalp sebum content using Meibometer® and Sebumeter®.Methods: In this study, Meibometer® and Sebumeter® were used for quantitative measurements of the sebum content on the scalp of the test volunteers, and the measurement results were analyzed using the paired t-test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient.Results: The scalp sebum content was analyzed using Meibometer® and Sebumeter®, and according to the results, both measuring devices exhibited a reduction in the scalp sebum content, compared to before the testing product was applied (p<0.001). The Meibometer® and Sebumeter® measurements showed a significant positive correlation (r=0.411) in the second measurement. Conclusion: These results showed that the measuring results of both Meibometer® and Sebumeter® had a high correlation and they were appropriate for measurement. However, it is suggested that for reducing the interference of the adjacent hair with sebum and quantitatively evaluating the sebum content on the scalp only, Meibometer® can be a relatively useful analysis technique, and it is expected that further test analysis and studies using Meibometer® will be actively conducted in the future.
Second-Hand Smoke and Early Allergic Manifestation in Children
Authors: Dzakiyyah Sitisalma Amirah , Endaryanto Anang , Dewanti Linda , Putera Azwin Mengindra , Maharani Anisa Ayu
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Allergic diseases have a high morbidity rate worldwide. The interaction between genetic and environmental factors plays an important role in shaping the early development of allergies, including exposure to cigarette smoke. The prevalence of children in Indonesia who are exposed to cigarette smoke is high. Thus, it is suspected that this will affect the emergence of allergies in children. This study aimed to determine the relationship between second-hand smoke exposure and early allergic manifestations in children.
Methods: This was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design involving 190 pediatric patients who suffered from allergies in the allergy outpatient clinic at the Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya. Data were obtained through medical records.
Results: This study showed that 50% of the patients have families who smoke at home, the most common early manifestations were at 11-20 months old (32.10%), and the most common early manifestations were respiratory manifestations (98.42%). There was a significant relationship between the presence of a family member who smoked at home with the age of early manifestation, respiratory manifestation, and skin manifestation in allergic pediatric patients (all p < 0.05). There was no significant relationship between the presence of family members who smoked at home with gastrointestinal manifestations in allergic pediatric patients (p = 0.301).
Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between the presence of family members who smoke at home with age, respiratory tract, and skin manifestations in allergic pediatric patients.
Role of Nintedanib in COVID-19-Related Lung Fibrosis
Authors: Fathurrachman Alif , Andriani Linda , Pasaribu Rouly , Sudarto Sudarto , Rasyid Ahmad , Ahmad Zen , Setiawan Tommy
Published: October 2022

In December 2020, Indonesia was introduced to the long Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) phenomenon. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) introduced the term "post-COVID condition" as a health problem that persists after four weeks from the first exposure to COVID-19. The National Institute for Healthcare and Care Excellence (NICE) classifies COVID-19 infections into three categories based on disease duration: (1) acute infection for up to 4 weeks; (2) ongoing infection within 4-12 weeks; and (3) post-COVID-19 syndrome for more than 12 weeks and not associated with an alternative diagnosis. One of these phenomena is lung fibrosis. About 80% of COVID-19 survivors had mild to severe chest X-rays in 6 months of follow-up with decreasing lung function. COVID-19-related lung fibrosis is still not widely researched. COVID-19 survivors who develop lung fibrosis usually recover independently, but some develop persistent lung fibrosis. The use of antifibrotic agents, such as nintedanib, has long been approved for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, its use in the cases of lung fibrosis due to COVID-19 has not been widely studied.  Nintedanib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. It inhibits receptor activity of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and fibroblast growth factor (FGF). Those actions will eventually inhibit the proliferation, migration, and transformation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts in lung fibrogenesis. Therefore, an antifibrotic agent is potentially needed to inhibit COVID-19-related lung fibrosis to improve quality of life and prevent further lung damage.
Persepsi Dukungan Organisasi dan Kinerja Karyawan di Indonesia: Studi Metaanalisis
Authors: Nuzulia Rahmawati Septi , Zulaifah Emi , Ahadiati Akmala Lifthya
Published: October 2022

Research and development of organizational performance theory has been done since the 1950s and it is found that one of the important factors that determine the performance of employees is the perception of organizational support. Performance refers to the extent of the contribution given by the employees to an organization; meanwhile, the perception of organizational support is an individual assessment on the availability of help from organization to support the duty implementation to make it run effectively and to help the individuals in facing any stressful situations. This study examined the consistency of the correlation between the perception of organizational support and employee performance by correcting the sampling errors using the meta-analysis technique. The quantitative review used 26 studies obtained by accessing online articles with inclusion criteria (1) primary study with the independent variable is perception of organizational support or organizational support and the dependent variable is employee performance with a time span of 2010-2020 (2) containing statistical values of N, r, t or F (4) samples are employees in Indonesia.The exclusion criteria imposed included: (1) the year of the articles should be before 2010 (2) Access for full articles were not available so that tracing the method used in the study was not possible (3) Methodological weakness was identified which become the reason why the research result was not significant. The results of the meta-analysis study with a sample of 2,460 respondents showed that perceived organizational support was positively and significantly correlated with employees’ performance with a correlation coefficient of .364 and with the confidence level of 95%
Hubungan antara Keikhlasan dan Kematangan Emosi dengan Postpartum Depression pada Ibu Primipara
Authors: Aqila Afza , Muthia Dinni Siti
Published: October 2022

Serving out of post-natal care role is not an easy thing, especially for mothers who are giving birth to children for the first time. The adaptation process to become a primiparous mother have some problems, one of them is that it can cause Postpartum Depression (PPD). In addition, the things which are suspected to be causes of PPD are their spiritual factor which is sincerity and their psychological factor which is emotional maturity. This study aims to find out the relationship of sincerity and self-emotional maturity with postpartum depression in primiparous mothers. The subjects of the study were 110 primiparous mothers. Data analysis used in this study was the quantitative approach. Data collection methods used were the scale of sincerity, the scale of emotional maturity, the scale of postpartum depression. Data analysis of the study used IBM SPSS 22.0 program for windows. The result of the study showed that there was a relationship of sincerity and emotional maturity with postpartum depression in primiparous mothers (r = .405, p < .01), it means the higher level of sincerity and emotional maturity, the lower risk of postpartum depression, and vice versa. There was no significant relationship of sincerity with postpartum depression (r = -.136, p > .01). There was a very significant negative relationship of emotional maturity with postpartum depression (r = -.266, p < .01). The results of this study implied the importance of doing an assessment related to mother’s sincerity and her emotional maturation before a mother gives birth to her first child and conduct the education related to this.
Peran Gender Kontemporer di Indonesia - Perubahan dan Keberlanjutan: Studi Pustaka
Authors: P. Nugraha Sumedi , Haryani Susilastuti Dewi
Published: October 2022

This study aims to find out the way gender socialization affects the young people’s perception on men and women roles. This paper uses state-supported gender roles in the Soeharto era as a benchmark for gender ideology today. The government of Soeharto marked a pivotal moment in the development of the expected roles of men and women both in the public and private areas. The aims of this paper are: (1) to explore whether gender roles in Indonesia have shifted from the Soeharto era to the present, (2) to examine what messages are conveyed by TV, schools and social media as agents of socialization, and (3) to look at young people's perceptions of "ideal roles” for men and women. The data from this paper are from journal articles, books and dissertations written in English taken from Proquest database by using the specific key words. Article searches were also conducted on the internet with the same keywords, both in English and in Indonesian. This literature review shows that inspite of various progress in the educational and political sectors, contemporary gender roles in Indonesia are relatively the same as traditional gender roles in the Suharto’s era. Young people, both men and some women, consider jobs in the public area and leadership positions as male domains. On the other hand, domestic work is considered as women's work, even though women work full time outside the house. The discrepancy between social expectations and the reality of everyday life often causes the double burden and the stress among women.
Phosphonate Inhibitors of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Perturb Homeostasis of Amino Acids and Protein Succinylation in the Brain
Authors: Artiukhov Artem V. , Aleshin Vasily A. , Karlina Irina S. , Kazantsev Alexey V. , Sibiryakina Daria A. , Ksenofontov Alexander L. , Lukashev Nikolay V. , Graf Anastasia V. , Bunik Victoria I.
Published: October 2022

Mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHC) is essential for the brain glucose and neurotransmitter metabolism, dysregulated in many pathologies. Using specific inhibitors of PDHC in vivo, we determine biochemical and physiological responses to PDHC dysfunction. Dose dependence of the responses to membrane-permeable dimethyl acetylphosphonate (Ac-PMe2) is non-monotonous. Primary decreases in glutathione and its redox potential, methionine and ethanolamine are alleviated with increasing PDHC inhibition, the alleviation accompanied by physiological changes. Comparison of 39 brain biochemical parameters after administration of four phosphinate and phosphonate analogs of pyruvate at a fixed dose of 0.1 mmol/kg reveals no primary, but the secondary changes, such as activation of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (OGDHC) and decreased levels of glutamate, isoleucine and leucine. The accompanying decreases in RMSSD of ECG and freezing time are most pronounced after administration of me-thyl acetylphosphinate and dimethyl acetylphosphonate. The levels of PDHA1 expression and phosphorylation, sirtuin 3 and total protein acetylation are not significantly changed by the PDHC inhibitors that affect the brain protein succinylation and glutarylation. Thus, decreased production of the tricarboxylic acid cycle substrate acetyl-CoA by inhibited PDHC is compen-sated by increased degradation of amino acids through the cycle with activated OGDHC, increas-ing total protein succinylation and decreasing anxiety indicators.
Selenium and Its Compounds in the Treatment of Anxiety and Related Disorders: A Scoping Review of Translational and Clinical Research
Authors: Rajkumar Ravi Philip
Published: October 2022

Anxiety disorders are among the most common mental disorders worldwide, and often respond incompletely to existing treatments. Selenium, a micronutrient that is a component of several biologically active selenoproteins, is also involved in several aspects of brain functioning, and may exert antidepressant and anxiolytic effects through multiple pathways. The current paper is a scoping review of translational, observational and interventional evidence on the potential role of selenium and its compounds in the management of anxiety and related disorders. Evidence from animal models suggests that this approach may be promising. Though evidence from observational studies in humans is inconsistent and affected by several confounding factors, the available evidence from randomized controlled trials suggests that selenium supplementation may be beneficial in the management of certain anxiety-related conditions, such as anxiety in medically ill patients, prevention of anxiety following exposure to traumatic stress, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. This paper provides a critical evaluation of the existing evidence base, including unanswered questions that could serve as the focus of further research, and outlines the potential benefits and risks associated with the use of selenium in anxiety disorders.
Understanding Text and Context for Productive Reading: an Analysis of Abu Zaid’s Hermeneutics of the Qur’an
Authors: Kasim Muhammad Yusuf , Haddade Hasyim
Published: October 2022

This paper describes the thoughts of Nasr Hamid Abu Zaid on the theory of Al-Qur’an interpretation, with a descriptive-analytic analysis. The data were collected from various sources from Nasr’s writings, books, and journals that wrote about Nasr and his thoughts, as well as other sources that had relevance for analysis purposes. Abu Zaid tries to reveal the meaning and significance (magza) which then brings out the meaning of “the ineffable”. In this case, the meaning is represented by the text or in the sense that it lets the text speak about itself. Then, from that meaning, there is a dialogue with the conditions or contexts that surround a reader. Therefore, the meaning is static because it contains historical meaning, and the significance is dynamic in accordance with the horizon of each reader. 
Regresi Berganda Metode Stepwise Dan Analisis Lintas Untuk Karakter Seleksi Aksesi Kelapa Dalam Berdaya Hasil Tinggi Asal Provinsi Sumatera Barat
Authors: Nln Miftahorrachman , Romadhon Muhammad Roiyan , Tulalo Meity Aneke
Published: October 2022

Kelapa Dalam asal Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan dan Padang Pariaman teridentifikasi memiliki potensi produksi tinggi. Sebagai sumber benih, perlu dilakukan seleksi individu berdasarkan karakter-karakter yang memiliki hubungan yang kuat dengan hasil. Pengamatan dilakukan di Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan dan Kabupaten Padang Pariaman terhadap 12 karakter morfologi kelapa Dalam Pesisir Selatan dan kelapa Dalam Padang Pariaman., Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui model pendugaan hasil dan mendapatkan karakter yang tepat untuk seleksi sehingga diperoleh individu terbaik yang dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber benih dan polen dalam program pemuliaan kelapa. Pengamatan dilakukan selama tiga tahun mulai tahun 2017 sampai 2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakter produksi berat buah tanpa sabut berkorelasi sangat nyata positif dengan karakter-karakter berat buah utuh (0.74), lingkar polar biji (0.88), lingkar equatorial biji (0.73), berat buah tanpa air (0.77), dan berat daging (0.63) untuk kelapa Dalam Pesisir Selatan; dan karakter-karakter berat buah utuh (0.65), lingkar polar buah utuh (0.46), lingkar equatorial buah utuh (0.66), lingkar polar biji (0.64), lingkar equatorial biji (0.76), berat buah tanpa air (0.72), dan berat daging (0.69) untuk kelapa Dalam Padang Pariaman. Hasil Pemodelan terbaik berdasarkan nilai AIC untuk menduga karakter berat buah tanpa sabut (y) yaitu y = jumlah buah/tandan+ berat buah tanpa air+ berat buah utuh+ lingkar polar buah utuh+ lingkar polar biji+ jumlah tandan+ lingkar ekuator biji.Berdasarkan hasil analisis regresi liner berganda, hanya karakter-karakter jumlah tandan, lingkar polar buah utuh, lingkar polar biji, dan lingkar equatorial biji yang berbeda nyata untuk kelapa Dalam Pesisir Selatan dan bisa diteruskan untuk analisis sidik lintas. Hasil analisis sidik lintas kelapa Dalam Pesisir Selatan menghasilkan karakter lingkar polar biji (0.63) dan lingkar equatorial biji (0.38) yang berpengaruh langsung nyata sampai sangat nyata dengan karakter produksi berat buah tanpa sabut. Untuk memperbaiki potensi berat buah tanpa sabut kelapa Dalam Pesisir Selatan sangat dianjurkan untuk memanfaatkan karakter lingkar polar biji sebagai kriteria seleksi pohon induk terpilih untuk pengembangan kebun benih.
Karakteristik Papeda Instan Pati Sagu
Authors: Barlina Rindengan , Liwu Suzanne , Trivana Linda , Manambangtua Alfred Pahala , Wungkana Jerry
Published: October 2022

Dalam rangka menunjang program pemerintah di bidang ketahanan pangan, diperlukan upaya mencari sumber bahan baku alternatif sebagai cadangan bahan makanan untuk menambah ragam produk pangan. Pati sagu memiliki kandungan karbohidrat yang tinggi, tetapi komposisi gizi lainnya masih kurang. Berdasarkan kondisi yang ada, telah dilakukan kegiatan penelitian pengolahan pati sagu menjadi papeda instan yang diperkaya tepung kacang kedelai dan kacang hijau. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik fisikokimia serta organoleptik produk papeda instan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Balai Penelitian Tanaman Palma-Manado-Sulut, Seafast IPB, Laboratorium Kimia dan Biokimia serta Laboratorium Rekayasa-Jurusan Teknologi Hasil Pertanian, UGM-Yogyakarta. Perlakukan terdiri dari perbandingan pati sagu, tepung kedelai, dan tepung kacang hijau, masing-masing adalah Formula A=8,50: 0 :0; Formula B= 7,5: 0,5 : 0,5; Formula C= 6,5: 1: 1; Formula D= 5,5: 1,5 : 1,5. Hasil penelitian menunjukan, bahwa empat formula papeda instan yang dihasilkan memiliki kadar protein 4,53%-13,28%; lemak 0,25%-1,66%, abu 0,95%-2,13%, air 5,34%-6,84%, karbohidrat 7,69%-87,56%, pati 43,32%-59,25%, amilosa 16,37%-30,32%. Formula A tergolong berprotein rendah hanya 4,53%, sedangkan formula B, C dan D berada pada kisaran bahan makanan pokok beras. Berdasarkan uji organoleptik, warna berkisar 3,60-4,2 (biasa sampai suka), aroma 3,60-4,00 (biasa sampai suka) dan rasa 4,0-4,6 (suka sampai mendekati sangat suka). Pengukuran warna menggunakan Chromameter Konica Minolta CR-400 menunjukkan bahwa produk masih dominan putih, karena nilai keputihan berkisar 78,51-80,09. Secara umum karakteristik kimia papeda instan hampir mendekati karakteristik beras putih, karena telah diperkaya dengan penambahan tepung kedelai, sehingga kadar protein meningkat, serta dari uji organoleptik yang meliputi warna, aroma dan rasa panelis menyatakan biasa dan sangat suka.
El dentobioma y la mínima intervención en Odontología
Authors: Aguilar-Gálvez Denisse , Maguiña-Mercedes José Carlos
Published: October 2022

Todos los que observamos a diario las cifras escalofriantes de niños con caries dental y, más recientemente, la mayor frecuencia de alteraciones del esmalte, entre ellas la hipomineralización del molar incisivo, nos ponemos a pensar en qué pasa realmente con ese tejido considerado el más fuerte del cuerpo humano, pero que se doblega frente a un ataque ácido producto del metabolismo bacteriano. Entonces, surge la pregunta: ¿será que el diente ya nace con una predisposición a desarrollar ciertos microorganismos? Esta revisión exhaustiva de la literatura, que resume las perspectivas de los autores, tiene como objetivo explorar el conocimiento sobre el bioma y aplicarlo al órgano dental, así como poner a disposición la definición de dentobioma, como término apropiado para la flora dental. A partir de este conocimiento, se busca entender mejor la ejecución de la filosofía de la mínima intervención y el desarrollo de materiales que deben ser biocompatibles con la estructura dental, pero que además deben de impedir la disbiosis y asentar la homeostasis en el diente.
Growing Pacific linkage with western North Atlantic explosive cyclogenesis
Authors: Stuivenvolt-Allen Jacob , Wang Simon S.-Y. , Chikamoto Yoshimitsu , Meyer Jonathan D.D. , Johnson Zachary F. , Deng Liping
Published: October 2022

Explosive cyclones (ECs), defined as developing extratropical cyclones that experience pressure drops of at least 24 hPa in 24 hours, are impactful weather events which occur along highly populated coastal regions in the eastern United States. These storms occur due to a combination of atmospheric and surface processes, such as jet stream intensification and latent heat release. Even though previous literature has elucidated the role of these processes in EC formation, the sources of interannual variability that impact seasonal EC frequency are not well known. To analyze the sources of interannual variability, we track cases of ECs and dissect them into two spatial groups: those that formed near the east coast of North America (coastal) and those in the North Central Atlantic (high latitude). The frequency of high-latitude ECs is strongly correlated with the North Atlantic Oscillation, a well-known feature, whereas coastal EC frequency exhibits a growing relationship with an atmospheric wave-train emanating from the North Pacific in the last 30 years. This wave-train pattern of alternating high-and-low pressure resulted in heightened upper-level divergence and baroclinic instability along the east coast of North America. Using a coupled model experiment, we show that the tropical Pacific Ocean and North Pacific oceans are the main driver of this atmospheric wave train and the subsequent enhancement seasonal baroclinic instability in the North Atlantic.
Application of Zinc Oxide Reduces the Bioavailability and Specific Uptake of Cadmium by Alfalfa Grown in a Cadmium-contaminated Alkaline Soil
Authors: He Honghua , Zhang Zekun , Wu Miaomiao
Published: October 2022

Zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) have similar chemical properties and interact with each other in the soil-plant system. Application of Zn may be an effective way for phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soils. A greenhouse pot experiment was carried out to grow alfalfa in an alkaline soil spiked with Cd (0, 20, and 80 mg kg–1) and Zn (0, 200, and 800 mg kg–1) as cadmium oxide (CdO) and zinc oxide (ZnO), respectively, to investigate the effects of ZnO application on soil Cd bioavailability, plant growth and Cd uptake. Adding ZnO resulted in a lower soil pH and greater DTPA-extractable Zn concentration, but a lower DTPA-extractable Cd concentration. The effect of ZnO addition on Cd bioavailability depended on both soil Cd level and Zn dose. Soil Cd contamination considerably inhibited plant growth and increased both root and shoot Cd concentrations. Adding ZnO significantly enhanced plant growth, reduced Cd uptake per unit root dry mass and plant Cd concentrations, but did not affect the total amount of Cd taken up by plants. The percentage of total plant Cd content allocated to roots was significantly lower, but the root-to-shoot translocation factor of Cd was higher when ZnO was added. Both CdO and ZnO addition had a small effect on root exudation of carboxylates. Application of ZnO to soil alleviated Zn deficiency and reduced Cd bioavailability, consequently enhanced plant growth and Cd concentrations, and it may be an effective way for phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soils.
Development of a new 3D tracking system for multiple marmosets under free-moving conditions
Authors: Yurimoto Terumi , Kumita Wakako , Sato Kenya , Kikuchi Rika , Shibuki Yusuke , Hashimoto Rino , Kamioka Michiko , Hayasegawa Yumi , Yamazaki Eiko , Kurotaki Yoko , Goda Norio , Kitakami Junichi , Fujita Tatsuya , Inoue Takashi , Sasaki Erika
Published: October 2022

Accurate assessment of behavioral changes and social interactions in mammalian models is necessary to elucidate the pathogenesis of neurological disorders. The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) is a useful model in this regard. However, behavioral measurements, including assessments of sociality of free-moving group animals, have not been conducted in marmosets. Here, we developed a new behavioral analysis system for three-dimensional (3D) trajectories of independently free-moving multiple individuals by combining video tracking, 3D coordinates detected using light detection and ranging (Lidar), and facial recognition. Each marmoset was identified using deep learning facial recognition (accuracy ≥ 97%). Location preferences and distances between individuals were calculated using 3D trajectories, and grooming was detected using deep learning. This system will allow quantification of individual captive group animals, facilitating automatic measurement of social behavior. Furthermore, the behavioral changes observed might be directly extrapolated to humans and contribute to better understanding of the mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative disorders.
Effects of sodium para-aminosalicylic acid on chelation treatment in Pb-exposed mice
Authors: Li Yan , Liang Yuan , Fang Yuan-yuan , Chen Jing , Zheng Xiao-wei , Zhou Wu-wang , Lu Li-li , Aschner Michael , Ou Shi-yan , Jiang Yue-ming
Published: October 2022

Lead (Pb) is a corrosion-resistant, heavy, non-ferrous metal with widespread environmental pollution. Several metal chelators have been used in the treatment of Pb poisoning. However, the effect of sodium para-aminosalicylic acid(PAS-Na)on Pb excretion has yet to be reported. To investigate the effects of PAS-Na on Pb excretion, a mouse model of acute lead exposure was established. Healthy mice (90) received abdominal injection (i.p.) of 120 mg/kg Pb acetate, and 4 h later 80, 160, 240 mg/kg PAS-Na, or 240 mg/kg edetate calcium disodium (CaNa2EDTA) were injected subcutaneously (s.c.) once per day for 6 days into the corresponding groups, respectively. The Control, Pb-exposed, PAS-Na and CaNa2EDTA groups were evaluated simultaneously. After collecting 24 h urine samples, the animals were sacrificed in batches on the 2nd, 4th, 6th day. Levels of Pb and other metal elements [including manganese (Mn) and copper (Cu)] in the urine, whole blood and brain tissues were analyzed by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). The results showed that lead exposure increased Pb levels in urine and blood of mice, and PAS-Na treatment afforded antagonistic effect against Pb-induced toxicity. While additional studies will be needed, these novel results establish PAS-Na as a potential efficacious treatment for mitigating Pb-induced toxicity.
Transcriptional alteration in NF-κB-associated long noncoding RNAs in the gastric tissue of the Helicobacter pylori infected and non-infected patients with chronic gastritis
Authors: Ghanbarian Marzieh , Bakhtiari Ronak , Mirbagheri Seyedeh Zohre , Rezaei Fatemeh , Foroushani Abbas Rahimi , Alebouyeh Masoud
Published: October 2022

Background: Helicobacter pylori could colonize the gastric mucosa and cause gastritis, gastric ulcer and gastric cancer. Numerous virulence factors have been identified in this bacterium that play important roles in the promotion of gastric disorders. Although the interaction of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) with transcription, processing, and translation of genes associated with different diseases are described, their interaction with the inflammatory genes and H. pylori infection in the gastric tissue is not well known. In this study, H. pylori infection and its effect on the transcription of common lncRNAs that regulate NF-κB expression were analyzed relative to the non-infected patients.
Materials and Methods: Two groups of H. pylori-infected and non-infected patients with chronic gastritis were included in the study after general histopathological and microbiological analysis. Genotyping of the H. pylori strains was done by PCR and relative changes in the expression of NF-κB and regulatory lncRNAs, lincRNA-p21, MALAT1, NKILA, were measured by relative quantitative real time-PCR.
Results: Significant increase in the NF-κB gene expression was shown, while the expression level of MALAT1, lincRNA-p21 and NKILA genes decreased in the infected patients compared with the non-infected patients. Our results showed that the hypervirulent strain with oipA“on”/HP-NAP+/iceA1+/iceA2+/vacA s1m1/s1m2+/cagA+ genotype can promote a higher level of NF-κB transcription in the inflamed tissue.
Conclusion: H. pylori infection could promote down-regulation of lincRNA-p21, MALAT1 and NKILA in the infected gastric tissue that is correlated with upregulation of NF-κB. More detailed studies are needed to show link between the virulence genes and their impact on the deregulation of lncRNAs in the gastric tissue.
Walking, SD and urinary tract symptoms with BPH: A cross-sectional, retrospective and follow-up chain design study
Authors: Zhang LinLin , Hao Chunli , Liu Lei , Zou Hao , Jiang Dongxu , Wang Lei
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND: Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTSs) are the most common problem in older men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Physical activity and sedentariness may be important LUTS risk factors and suitable targets for intervention. However, what is the most effective way to engage in physical activity? There is still no consensus among academics.
OBJECTIVE: To observe which of the two different physical activity modalities, square dancing (SD) or walking, is more effective in delaying the effects of LUTSs/BPH in older men and to provide a basis for promoting active participation in appropriate physical activity for BPH patients.
DESIGN: This study was a chain design study with cross-sectional (June 2018), retrospective (from June 2014 to June 2018) and follow-up (June 2018 to June 2020) components for LUTSs.
PARTICIPANTS: Men aged 60 and over who could perform physical activity alone and lived in the same community.
MAIN MEASURES: The effect of different forms of physical activity on the alleviation of LUTSs in BPH patients was observed retrospectively; the main physical activity patterns of older adults in the town were walking and SD. Therefore, the two physical activity modalities of walking and SD were used as the main study factors, and the propensity score 1:1 matching method was applied to control for confounding factors in the retrospective cohort, which was divided into walking and SD groups to compare the clinical progression of LUTSs in the two groups. The time between study entry into the cohort and LUTS progression (appearance or exacerbation of symptoms) was used as the outcome to determine whether LUTS progression occurred in the two groups. The Cox proportional hazards model was applied to analyze the effect of walking and SD on the delay in the clinical progression of LUTSs/BPH in older men.
KEY RESULT: Multifactorial Cox regression analysis showed that patients in the square dancing group had a 0.41-fold lower risk of LUTSs than those in the walking group (HR=0.41, 95% CI: 0.19-0.88, p=0.02).
CONCLUSIONS: SD can more effectively delay the clinical progression of LUTSs in BPH patients, and the results of this study provide a good reference for the selection of self-guided physical activity intervention modalities for BPH patients.
Comparison of the retromolar space in adults with different sagittal skeletal types and eruption patterns of the mandibular third-molar
Authors: Gao Qianya , Zhou Xiaohui , Chen Baoyi , Huang Min , Lin Huiyi , Guo Weiqi , Tsay T. Peter , Liu Chang
Published: October 2022

Background: The retromolar space (RMS) has not been investigated in patients with different skeletal classes and third-molar eruption patterns. The objective of this study was to test the null hypothesis that there is no difference in the mandibular RMS among normodivergent subjects with different skeletal Classes and third-molar eruption patterns using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).
Method: A total of 105 normodivergent patients (20-40years) were included in this study. Patients were categorized into Class Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ groups based on ANB, and they were further categorized into third-molar impacted and erupted groups. The RMS was measured at four planes parallel to the occlusal plane along the cuspal and sagittal line. The RMS was compared among the three sagittal groups and between impacted and erupted groups.
Results: The skeletal Class II group showed statistically smaller RMS (P<0.05). The RMS was larger in third-molar erupted group(P<0.05). The rates of root contact and third-molar impaction was significantly higher in Class II group. (P<0.05)
Conclusions: The null hypothesis was rejected. Skeletal Class II patients have smaller RMS and higher rates of root contact and mandibular third-molars impaction. The presence of impacted mandibular third molars was observed to be associated with shorter RMS. As such, the RMS should be verified with CBCT before molar distalization, especially in patients with Skeletal Class II relation and third-molar impaction.
Functional and mortality outcomes with medical and surgical therapy in malignant posterior circulation infarcts: A systematic review
Authors: Lim Nicole-Ann , Lin Hong-Yi , Tan Choon Han , Ho Andrew FW , Yeo Tseng Tsai , Nga Vincent , Tan Benjamin YQ , JR Mervyn , Yeo Leonard LL
Published: October 2022

Background
There remains uncertainty regarding optimal definitive management for malignant posterior circulation infarcts (MPCI). While guidelines recommend neurosurgery for malignant cerebellar infarcts that are refractory to medical therapy, concerns exist about functional outcome and quality of life after decompressive surgery.
Objective
This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of surgical intervention compared to medical therapy in MPCI.
Methods
In this systematic review, MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane databases were searched from inception until 2nd April 2021. Studies were included if they involved posterior circulation strokes treated with neurosurgical intervention, and reported mortality and functional outcome data. Data were collected according to PRISMA guidelines.
Results
The search yielded 6,677 studies of which 31 studies (comprising 723 patients) were included for analysis. From the included studies, we found that surgical therapy led to significant differences in mortality and functional outcomes in patients with severe disease. Neurological decline and radiological criteria was often used to decide the timing for surgical intervention, as there is currently limited evidence for preventative neurosurgery. There is also limited evidence for the superiority of one surgical modality over another.
Conclusion
For patients with MPCI, in terms of mortality and functional outcome, surgical therapy appears to be equivocal to medical therapy, except in patients with severe disease. Reliable evidence is lacking and further prospective studies are rendered.
Response surface methodology approach for dyeing process optimization of Ayous (Triplochiton scleroxylon) wood with acid dye
Authors: Wu Shiqian , Peng Limin , Fu Feng , Feng Yun , He Jinrong , Wang Huishan
Published: October 2022

Dyeing of wood is an important value-adding process. An important indicator in the assessment of the performance of wood dyeing process is the dye penetration. In present study, the existing method of response surface methodology was extended to study the dyeing process optimization of Ayous (Triplochiton scleroxylon) wood with acid dye using the radial dye penetration rate as an indicator. The experiments were carried out on the basis of a single factor experiment, and the optimal condition was determined by means of the Box-Behnken Design of response surface methodology. The effects of temperature, dye concentration, dyeing time and accelerant mass fraction on the radial dye penetration rate of Ayous wood were optimized. The experimental results showed that the maximum radial dye permeability can be achieved under optimum dyeing temperature (86.03oC), dye concentration (0.31%), dyeing time (8 h), and accelerant mass fraction (2.23%). Under these conditions, the maximum dye-uptake and radial dye penetration rate were found to be 14.28% and 22.34%, respectively. The results of analysis of variance indicated that the mathematical model proposed in this study can be used to predict the dye-uptake and radial dye penetration rate of acid dye on Ayous wood by changing the process parameters.