bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transcutaneous Billirubinometry: A Useful Screening Tool for Neonatal Jaundice in Term and Near Term Babies - A Hospital Based Study
Authors: Begum Nargis Ara , Alam Khorshed , Shaha Anamika , Showmik Md Sohel , Laila Runa , Parvin Shahnaz , Rahman Abdur , Rahman Mizanur
Published: February 2017

Background: Hyperbilirubinemia is a common problem in newborn. Most of the cases are benign but severe hyperbilirubinemia can lead to kernicterus and brain damage which is preventable. The gold standard to asses neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia is serum bilirubin measurement. Unfortunately, this procedure is invasive, painful and time consuming. As the consequence of missing severe hyperbilirubinemia is serious, there is a constant search to find out a safe method to detect jaundice. Transcutaneous bilirubinometry offers objective method of assessing degree of jaundice reducing subjectivity of clinical assessment.Objective: To evaluate the relationship between transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) and total serum bilirubin (TSB) and assess whether transcutaneous bilirubinometry can be used as a valid screening method for detecting jaundice in term and late preterm babies.Method: A prospective cross-sectional study was performed in well baby nursery of United Hospital Limited, Dhaka from January 2013 to December 2013. Healthy term and late pre term newborn of ?35 wk gestation with clinical evidence of jaundice were included in the study. Total serum bilirubin was measured by Dichlorophenyl Diazonin method and transcutaneous bilirubinometer (JM-103) was used to measure transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) level.Result: A total of 116 paired samples were analyzed and found strong correlation between TcB and TSB (correlation coefficient 0.8, mean difference 0.83, SD± 1.96 and 95% CI 0.6 to 1.06). Post natal age has significant association with TcB (p value 0.01) and TSB (p value 0.031). Requirement of phototherapy in both group were also significant (p value <0.001). TcB value of 11 mg/dl was chosen as cut off point corresponding TSB level 13 mg/dl with sensitivity 90% and specificity 71%. Above this level indicate need for blood sampling to take appropriate therapeutic measure.Conclusion: Transcutaneous billirubinometry is a non-invasive and valid screening tool for assessing jaundice in newborn.Bangladesh J Child Health 2015; VOL 39 (3) :116-122
Glycogen Storage Disease Type III-Coris Disease: A Case Report and Review Literature
Authors: Anwar Sayeeda , Rahaman AKM Matiur , Matin Abdul , Saha Dipa , Rashid Maliha
Published: February 2017

Abstract not availableBangladesh J Child Health 2015; VOL 39 (3) :161-163
Desmoplastic Soft Tissue Tumor- A Case Report
Authors: Ferdousi Shormin Ara , Akhter Afroza , Haque Wasim Selimul , Islam Afiqul
Published: February 2017

Abstract not availableBangladesh J Child Health 2015; VOL 39 (3) :164-167
Abstract from Current Literature Vol.39(3)
Authors: Editor -
Published: February 2017

Abstract not availableBangladesh J Child Health 2015; VOL 39 (3) :168-169
Ethics in Medical Practice
Authors: Shahidullah Mohammod
Published: February 2017

Abstract not availableBangladesh J Child Health 2016; VOL 40 (1) :1-4
Nutritional Assessment and Serum Zinc Level in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia
Authors: Morshed Akma , Soma Ikram , Choudhury TR , Islam Shahnoor , Salim Md , Matin Abdul , Hasan Mohammad Shameem
Published: February 2017

Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is a common malignancy in children which may cause significant nutritional problem as well as micronutrient deficiency like zinc. These deficiencies ultimately affect the outcome of the patient.Objective: The present study was done to identify the relationship of height, weight and serum zinc with acute lymphocytic leukemia in pediatric patients.Methods: This observational study was carried out in the Department of Pediatric Haematology and Oncology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka over a period of one year from July 2013 to June 2014. All children ranging from 1-10 years with newly diagnosed acute lymphocytic leukaemia were enrolled as case. An equal number of healthy children of similar age and sex were also included as control. The outcome measures were weight for height (wasting) and height for age (stunting) in children 5 or below 5 years of age and BMI in children > 5 years of age. The serum zinc level was also studied as a measure of micronutrient status.Result: Majority (80%) of the cases and 60% of the controls were 5 or < 5 years old. The mean ages of the children of cases and controls were almost similar (4.2 ± 2.3 vs. 4.8 ± 1.8 years, p >0.05). The groups were significantly different in terms of sex with male children being more prone to develop leukaemia than the females (p <0.05). Anaemia was invariably present. Majority (83.3%) of the children in the case group was wasted (weight for height Z-score lie below -2SD) as opposed 22.2% in the control group (p < 0.001). About 37% the children in the case group were stunted (height for age Z-score lies -2SD) as opposed to 16.7% in the control group (p< 0.05). The mean BMI was significantly lower in the case group than that in the control group (8.8 ± 2.7 vs. 17.1 ± 1.8, p < 0.001). Serum zinc level was also significantly lower in the former group than that in the latter group (0.7 ± 0.1 vs. 1.5 ± 0.5 mg/dl, p< 0.05).Conclusion: A good number leukaemia patients present with wasting and stunting and low BMI. Serum zinc level is significantly reduced which, in turn, may hamper various enzymatic functions in the body thereby reducing growth.Bangladesh J Child Health 2016; VOL 40 (1) :12-16
Upper GI Endoscopy in Children: An Experience from Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU)
Authors: Mazumder Md Wahiduzzaman , Rukunuzzaman Md , Rahman Atiar , Billah SM Baqui , Sultana Kaniz , Karim ASM Bazlul
Published: February 2017

Background: Upper gastrointestinal (UGI) endoscopy is a safe and sensitive investigation in the diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal diseases. There is limited study on paediatric upper GI endoscopy in our country. This study was done only in BSMMU, a tertiary care health facility of Bangladesh.Objectives: The aim of the study was to find out the indications, common endoscopic findings and immediate post procedure complication of UGI endoscopy in children.Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of 100 patients from August 2013 to October 2014. The indications for UGI endoscopy, common endoscopic findings and immediate post procedure complications were collected from case recording &were analyzed.Results: The commonest indication was upper GI bleeding in the form of hematemesis with or without melenae (41%). The most common finding was esophageal varices (49%). Less common findings were esophagitis, gastritis & gastro-duodenal ulcer. There was no post procedure complication.Conclusion: In the study, the commonest indication for Pediatric UGI endoscopy was upper GI bleeding and the commonest endoscopic abnormality was esophageal varices. No immediate post procedure complication was noted in the study.Bangladesh J Child Health 2016; VOL 40 (1) :17-20
Effect of Prechemotherapy Steroid on Initial Tumor Load: An Outcome Indicator of Induction of Remission in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
Authors: Tawfique Muhammad , Kabir Rashed Jahangir , Jamal Chowdhury Yakub , Mia Abdul Mannan , Zakia Najnin Umme
Published: February 2017

Background: Treatment of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is mainly chemotherapy based. In the past outcome of treatment with polychemotherapy was dissatisfying. Recently success have improved as risk based polychemotherapy has been employed. Therefore in modern approach of the treatment of ALL of children assessment of risk factors has become a key issue. It has been observed in the studies abroad that response to prechemotherapy corticosteroid could be a clue to the good response to chemotherapyObjectives: The objectives of this study were to see the effects of dexamethasone on initial tumor load and to observe the relationship of the effects of prechemotherapy dexamethasone on tumor burden and the outcome of Induction of Remission.Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study carried out from January 2004 to June 2005 in the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU). All the cases between one to fourteen years of either genders were enrolled into the study after their confirmation as ALL. Tumor load was assessed before the beginning of prechemotherapy dexamethasone and after the day 7 of prechemotherapy dexamethasone. After reassessment of tumor load, polychemotherapy of Induction of Remission was begun. Bone marrow study was performed every seven days after starting Induction chemotherapy until the bone marrow remission was achieved. Then the effect of prechemotherapy dexamethasone on tumor load was compared with the outcome of Induction polychemotherapy. The results were analyzed maintaining standard procedure with SPSS version 10.0.Results: A total of 40 patients were enrolled into the study. Among them 21 were male and nineteen were female. Thirty were FAB L1 and ten were L2 morphologically. Reduction of tumor load was evident as estimated by peripheral blast count together with hepatic and splenic mass. Response to prechemotherapy dexamethasone was good in 21 out of 28 patients with the WBC count below 50x109/L as compared to only 4 out of 12 with the WBC count >50x109/L (P=0.013). Similarly, 21 in 24 in the group <25x109/L of Initial Blast Cell count responded good as compared to 4 in 16 with >25x109/L Initial Blast Cell count (P=0.000). Among the 25 good responders to prechemotherapy dexamethasone 24 went into remission within 7 days of induction and among the 15 poor responders only 6 went into remission within 7 days of induction (P=0.000).Conclusion: Response to pre-chemotherapy dexamethasone could be a strong guide to predict the outcome of induction chemotherapy and help in risk stratification of childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.Bangladesh J Child Health 2016; VOL 40 (2) :79-84
Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease (HFMD): An Update
Authors: Sarkar Probir Kumar , Sarker Nital Kumar , Tayab Md Abu
Published: February 2017

Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) also known as vesicular stomatitis with exanthema, first reported in New Zealand in 1957 is caused by Coxsackie virus A16 (CVA16), human enterovirus 71 (HEV71) and occasionally by other HEV-A serotypes, such as Coxsackie virus A6 and Coxsackie virus A10, are also associated with HFMD and herpangina. While all these viruses can cause mild disease in children, EV71 has been associated with neurological disease and mortality in large outbreaks in the Asia Pacific region over the last decade. It is highly contagious and is spread through direct contact with the mucus, saliva, or feces of an infected person. This is characterized by erythrematous papulo vesicular eruptions over hand, feet, perioral area, knee, buttocks and also intra-orally mostly in children, typically occurs in small epidemics usually during the summer and autumn months. HFMD symptoms are usually mild and resolve on their own in 7 to 10 days. Treatment is symptomatic but good hygiene during and after infection is very important in preventing the spread of the disease. Though only small scale outbreaks have been reported from United States, Europe, Australia Japan and Brazil for the first few decade, since 1997 the disease has conspicuously changed its behavior as noted in different Southeast Asian countries. There was sharp rise in incidence, severity, complications and even fatal outcomes that were almost unseen before that period. There are reports of disease activity in different corners of India since 2004, and the largest outbreak of HFMD occurred in eastern part of India in and around Kolkata in 2007and Bhubaneswar, Odisha in 2009. In recent years there are cases of HFMD have been seen in Bangladesh also. Although of milder degree, continuous progress to affect larger parts of the neighboring may indicate vulnerability of Bangladesh from possible future outbreaks.Bangladesh J Child Health 2016; VOL 40 (2) :115-119
Surgical Placement of Permanent Pacemaker Following Temporary Trasvenous Pacemaker in a Child with Congenital Heart Block and Moderate Size PDA: A Case Report
Authors: Hoque Kazi Zahidul , Chowdhury Masumul Gani , Munsi Abu Sayeed , Rima Rezoana , Hussain Manzoor
Published: February 2017

Abstract not availableBangladesh J Child Health 2016; VOL 40 (2) :124-128
Bacterial quorum sensing and biofilm formation
Authors: Saleh Ahmed Abu
Published: February 2017

No Abstract available Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2014; 08 (01): 01
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Enterococcus species Isolated from urinary tract infections
Authors: Akhter Jabin , Ahmed Sharmeen , Anwar Shaheda
Published: February 2017

Enterococci were frequently considered to be commensal organism and were ignored when isolated in clinical laboratory. But recently due to its capability of causing variety of infections, especially in hospitalized patients and difference in antimicrobial sensitivity of each species to varying antibiotics the present study wasundertaken with a view at characterizing the clinical isolates of enterococcus, recovered from the cases of urinary tract infections (UTI). A total of 59 Enterococci were isolated from UTI patient for a period of 1 year. In the present study it was the 3rd leading organism causing UTI. They were speciated by an identification system based on the phenotypic characteristics of enterococcus species and their antimicrobial sensitivity pattern was determined. Most of the isolates were E.faecalis 42(71.18%) followed by E.faecium accounted for 10(16.94%),E.avium 1(2.43%), E.raff 1(2.43%) and 5(8.47%) remained unidentified. E.faecium showed increased resistance to amoxicillin (90%), co-trimoxazole (80%), ciprofloxacin (70%), gentamycin (80%), ceftriaxone (90%), and cefuroxime (80%). Most of the E.faecalis was resistant to amoxicillin (66.66%), cotrimoxazole (71.42%), ciprofloxacin (76.19%), gentamycin (71.42%), ceftriaxone (64.28%) and cefuroxime (80.95%). Multidrug-resistant enterococci are emerging as a leading nosocomial uropathogen. Identification of species along with knowledge of the antimicrobial resistance profile may ultimately contribute to development of strategies for prevention and to formulate treatment guidelines for infections caused by enterococci.Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2014; 08 (01): 16-20
Diagnosis of Genial Tuberculosis by PCR and other conventional methods
Authors: Moureen Adneen , Satter Syed Moinuddin , Saleh Ahmed Abu , Fatema Parveen , Ahmed Sharmeen
Published: February 2017

Female Genital Tuberculosis is a unique diagnostic challenge among the infertile population in countries where TB poses a high epidemiological risk. Early diagnosis and effective management is crucial to secure the reproductive organs from irretrievable damage. This cross sectional study was done between April 2011 to March 2012 in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University in collaboration with National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory and TB laboratory of International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh to compare the different laboratory tests on endometrial tissue for the diagnosis of genital tuberculosis. Laparoscopic endometrial tissue biopsies of 91 infertile women with clinical suspicion of Genital Tuberculosis were subjected to AFB smear microscopy, culture in Lowenstein Jensen media, histopathology and PCR assay. Two primers - mpt64, IS6110 were used as target for Mycobacterial DNA. Among the endometrial tissue samples of 91 infertile cases, AFB smear was positive in 43 (47%) cases, 8 (7.6%) cases was positive in culture; while PCR was positive in 36 (42.4%) cases. None of the cases were positive for epithelioid granulomatous lesions. PCR was found positive in 33% of smear negative cases and 35% of culture negative cases while PCR was found negative in 53.4% of smear positive cases and 12.5% of culture positive cases. Use of both AFB smear microscopy and PCR assay enhances the detection rate of GTB.Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2014; 08 (02): 03-07
Detection of SHV Gene from Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases (ESBLs) Producing Isolates in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Saha Mili Rani , Jhora Sanya Tahmina , Khan Tarek Mahbub , Paul Shikha , Chowdhury Durdana
Published: February 2017

Most ESBL Extended-Spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) producing isolates carry TEM and SHV type betalactamases. Among these two types beta-lactamases SHV type was reported nosocomial infection outbreak in many countries in the world. The goal of this study was to see the rate of ESBLs production and also to detect SHV gene in those isolates recovered from a tertiary care hospital. A total of 354 samples were collected from Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital and from Burn Unit of Dhaka Medical College Hospital from January 2011 to December 2011. To detect ESBLs, Gram-negative organisms were subjected to Double Disc Synergy Test and SHV gene was detected from those ESBLs producing microorganisms by PCR. In this study, out of 354 different clinical samples 186 (89%) were Gram-negative organisms. Among of these Gramnegative organisms 77 (41.40%) were ESBL producing isolates detected by Double Disc Synergy Test. Out of these 77 isolates, 8 isolates (10.38%) carried bla SHV gene. Among those ESBL producing 26.26% Klebsiella spp. (4 out of 15 isolates) had SHV gene. Our findings showed that the majority of the ESBLs positive clinical isolates were Klebsiella spp. and high frequency of SHV genes were found in Klebsiella spp.Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2014; 08 (02): 14-18
TRC4 Gene Based PCR Assay in Diagnosis of Tuberculous Meningitis
Authors: Sattar Abu Naser Ibne , Setu Sanjida Khondakar , Saleh Ahmed Abu , Ahmed Sharmeen
Published: February 2017

The prevalence of Tuberculous meningitis remains largely underestimated due to nonspecific clinical manifestation at early stages. A total of 20 CSF samples were studied from clinically suspected cases of tuberculous meningitis. All the samples were processed for ZN staining, TB culture on LJ media and TB-PCR using IS6110 and TRC4 primers by standard protocols. Of the total 20 CSF samples, 12 cases were diagnosed as TB meningitis. Most of the tuberculous meningitis cases were found positive by PCR using TRC4 primers (83.33%) followed by IS6110 primer (66.67%) and culture on L-J media(8.33%). None were found positive by ZN staining. TB-PCR usingTRC4 primer showed higher positivity than using IS6110 in detecting tuberculous meningitis, since some strains of MTB may lack the IS6110 element in their genome. PCR assay using TRC4 primer is superior in diagnosing tuberculous meningitis. This study was aimed to evaluate the diagnostic potentials of CSF polymerase chain reaction (PCR) by using TRC4 and IS6110 primers. Further the results were also compared with culture on Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) media and AFB smear by Zeihl-Nelson (ZN) staining.Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2014; 08 (02): 19-22
Small Group Teaching- An Update
Authors: Ahmed Mejbah Uddin , Roy Shusmita
Published: February 2017

Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2014; 08 (02): 28-31
Bacterial agents of Urinary tract infection in renal allograft recipients and their antimicrobial resistance pattern.
Authors: Khan Rehana Razzak , Ahmed Sharmeen , Ahmed A. H. Hamid , Nowroz A. S.M , Nigar Ismet , Ahmed S.M. Ali , Saleh Ahmed Abu
Published: February 2017

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common infectious complications after renal transplantation. Recently many researchers reported that the bacterial agents of UTI in renal allograft recipients changed and demonstrated increased antimicrobial resistance to commonly used cephalosporins. This study was undertaken to isolate the bacteria which are responsible for UTI and their susceptibility pattern for appropriate antibiotic therapy in renal allograft recipients. This was an observational study conducted in the Department of Microbiology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) from December 2010 to 2011. Twenty one renal allograft recipients from Department of Nephrology were evaluated for UTI after surgery up to six weeks. Microscopic examination, culture and sensitivity of urine specimen were performed. Out of 21 renal allograft recipients, 13 (61.90%) patients developed UTI during initial post transplant period. Of 69 urine specimens collected from them 22(31.88%) yielded positive results for culture. Enterococcus spp. (50%) was the major bacterial pathogen isolated and showed 100% resistance to Cefuroxime, Ceftriaxone and Ceftazidime. Enterococcus spp. is an emerging pathogen responsible for development of UTI in renal allograft recipients which showed 100% resistance to 2nd and 3rd genaration cephalosporin group.Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2015; 9 (1): 13-16
Role of egg in food born salmonellosis: A public health issue.
Authors: Fardows Jannatul , Shamsuzzaman S. M.
Published: February 2017

Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2015; 9 (1): 27-32
Arsène Lupin Goes to War
Authors: Bielecki Emma
Published: February 2017

Despite significant scholarly interest in the cultural impact of the First World War, little critical attention has hitherto been paid to the way in which popular fiction responded to the experience of war. This article argues that the popular novel underwent its own crisis of representation during the First World War through a close reading of the three Arsène Lupin novels set between 1914 and 1918. The Lupin novels are a privileged site for examining this issue not only because of their immense success but also because the character of Lupin embodied a certain ideal of heroism that had emerged in the wake of the debacle of 1870. Testing that idea against the reality of industrialized warfare, the Lupin war novels demonstrate its friability, and through the development of an aesthetics of the uncanny register the trauma of war in unexpected and unexpectedly revealing ways.
Fine Lines: cosmetic advertising and the perception of ageing female beauty
Authors: Searing Caroline , Zeilig Hannah
Published: February 2017

Fine Lines is a study investigating the language used in adverts for female facial cosmetics (excluding makeup) in UK Vogue magazine. The study queries whether this has been affected by the introduction and rise in popularity of minimally invasive aesthetic procedures to alleviate the signs of facial ageing. The contemporary cultural landscape is explored: this includes the ubiquitous nature of advertising as well as the growth of the skincare market. Emergent thematic analysis of selected advertisements showed a change in the language used before the introduction of the aesthetic procedures (1992 and 1993) compared with later years (2006 and 2007). We have noted a decline in numbers of advertisements within some themes (nourishing in particular showed a marked fall in number of mentions) while others have shown increases (those offering protection against UV radiation and pollution increased by 50% in the later data set). The remaining thematic categories were relatively constant over the period of study, though the emphasis shifted within the themes over time. This article concludes by asserting that the language has changed, that the vocabulary has become more inventive and that skincare products appear to be marketed as complementary to cosmetic procedures. In addition, some of the products appear to be being marketed as luxury items, something to be bought because owning and using it gives you pleasure and bestows prestige on the owner.
Une création iconographique khmère inédite. Vajrapāṇi sur Garuḍa ?
Authors: Multzer o’Naghten Hedwige
Published: February 2017

The representation of a seated figure on a garuḍa went unnoticed in the art that flourished under the reign of Jayavarman VII, the Khmer ruler of the late twelfth and early thirteenth century. This image, of which we have fifteen copies, considered up till now as Viṣṇu mounted on Garuḍa, raises some questions due to the face which is that of a yakṣa, and so not really in conformity with the iconographic features peculiar to Viṣṇu. Only Jean Boisselier, intrigued by this unusual aspect, has suggested another interpretation of the character, proposing to recognize Vajrapāṇi, with garuḍa and related to an iconographic type well known in Tibetan Buddhism. The adoption of Mahāyāna Buddhism by Jayavarman VII as the of official religion completely renewed the Khmer iconographic repertoire, enriching it by new types of which these small statues may be examples. As a corollary to the identity of the deity, the question arises of its place within the dominant Buddhist pantheon of Jayavarman VII and we suggest reconsidering it according to the hypothesis previously put forward by J. Boisselier.
Les ho tham du Lanna, bibliothèques des monastères bouddhiques du Nord de la Thaïlande
Authors: Lagirarde François
Published: February 2017

This illustrated article provides an overview of the libraries of the Buddhist monasteries in Northern Thailand from an historical and architectural point of view. These libraries, called ho tham, can be distinguished from other monastic buildings by their small proportions and remarkable elegance. If the finest specimens are now famous attractions this success has not so far brought the academic attention they deserve. These ‘houses of the Dhamma’ were designed to organize the ritual conservation of manuscripts excluding any kind of intellectual workspace (reading room, etc.). Their function is primarily religious and not educational. Appearing at an unspecified date (around the fifteenth century?) they reflect the literary development in the Buddhist kingdom of Lanna and the textual vitality in the vernacular, up to the twentieth century. Some sophisticated buildings were erected by palace craftsmen under royal command while many others were achieved by village artisans paid by local pious donations. All remained faithful to the aesthetics of the religious buildings of Lanna and other Tai kingdoms of the region. For all these reasons, history and heritage, they remain worthy of the greatest interest.
Le paysage est mort, vive le paysage !
Authors: Quaini Massimo
Published: February 2017

L'article se veut une réflexion depuis l'observatoire ligure, sur les rapports entre paysage et modernité, en particulier sur quelques modalités pour lesquelles le paysage a été frappé à mort par une " modernité totalitaire" qui, à la différence de celle libérale et démocratique, s'est révélée toujours moins respectueuse des limites de la technique et des différences locales.
Un souvenir de la Vénétie profonde, Lozzo Atestino
Authors: Cattacin Sandro
Published: February 2017

L’arrière-pays de la Vénétie n’est pas seulement terre d’émigration, mais aussi un paysage intriguant, fertile pour l’agriculture et profondément catholique. Cet article retrace un parcours très personnel entre passé et présent de la Vénétie en partant de Lozzo Atestino dans la province de Padoue.
Turin, Vérone, Vigevano : carnet de route
Authors: Lévy Bertrand
Published: February 2017

Ce récit de voyage de quelques jours en Italie du Nord tente de relier à quelques lieux symboliques ce qui fait la singularité de la civilisation italienne : une rue commerçante à Turin, un restaurant antique, les rizières du Tessin (Lombardie), la place centrale de Vigevano, celle de Vérone… Une exposition sur Primo Levi à Turin a été le motif officiel du voyage, qui s’est poursuivi à travers la plaine lombarde et la Vénétie.
Les progrès de l'exploration spéléologique
Authors: Chabert Claude , Courbon Paul
Published: February 2017

Les auteurs analysent les progrès réalisés par l'exploration spéléologique durant les dernières décennies. En considérant les cavités mondiales supérieures à 500m de dénivellation, on constate qu'il en existait 57 en 1972, 95 en 1976, 1 10 en 1978 et plus de 160 fin 1981. Cette expansion exceptionnelle a des causes variées : facilités de déplacement, loisirs importants, avancée technologique... Elle place les spéléologues sportifs, à leur insu pour certains, sur le versant de la science puisque les prolongements qu'ils découvrent et les obstacles qu'ils franchissent sont autant de données exploitables et d'interrogations scientifiques supplémentaires.
Grottes et karsts des environs de Chieng Mai (Thaïlande)
Authors: Deharveng Louis , Gouze Alain
Published: February 2017

Ce travail présente les premières observations effectuées dans les régions calcaires aux environs de Chieng Maï (NW de la Thaïlande). Nous y avons reconnu trois types de paysages karstiques superficiels : karsts collinaires, karsts à tourelles et karsts de montagne à pitons et vallons suspendus. Ce dernier type, très original, s'est différencié dans des conditions topographiques particulières de 1 500m à 2000m d'altitude au Doï Chieng Dao. Le karst profond est toujours bien développé ; plusieurs cavités inactives concrétionnées à galeries de grandes dimensions ont pu être reconnues. Nous décrivons à titre d'exemple Tham Chieng Dao, qui, avec 4850 m de développement, constitue la cavité la plus importante de Thaïlande.
Les massifs karstiques des Alpes occidentales : trame structurale et bioclimatique. Présentation de la carte d'ensemble au 1/750 000
Authors: Nicod Jean
Published: February 2017

The karstic massifs of western alps : structural and bioclimatic framework.

The structural conditions permit to distinguish several types of karst units : the northern Prealps (thrusts), the southern Jura (folded or tabular), the southern Prealps (faulted and folded plateaus), the complex land of low Provence and the high karsts of inner Alps. The bioclimatic framework explains the altitudinal sequence of actual processes. The value of the run-off (expressed in mm), the part of the snow covered and the biochemical parameters (vegetation, CO2) have particularly holded the attention. The specific dissolution reaches its maximum in the wooded mountain karsts. But it has been necessary to take the part of heritages into account (glacial, periglacial, terra-rossa).
Un exemple de karst haut-alpin : le Désert de Platé (Haute-Savoie). Carte géomorphologique au 1/ 25 000
Authors: Maire Richard
Published: February 2017

Situé au N des Alpes françaises, le Désert de Platé est un karst haut-alpin typique caractérisé par un climat froid et humide (P = 2400-2800 mm/an). Le modelé glacio-karstique, façonné dans les calcaires urgoniens, sénoniens et nummuliti-ques, et le karst profond, avec son organisation complexe et ses remplissages, soulignent le rôle morphogénique des séquences climatiques quaternaires. Aujourd'hui, on observe un régime hydrologique simple de type nival à maximum de fin de printemps et un régime hydrochimique inverse à minimum printanier. La dissolution spécifique est forte (104 mm/1000 ans), mais n'atteint pas l'optimum rencontré dans les karsts montagnards forestiers du Vercors (120-170 mm/1000 ans).
Paléokarsts et paléo-géomorphologie néogènes des Alpes Occidentales et régions adjacentes
Authors: Julian Maurice , Nicod Jean
Published: February 2017

Dans cette étude, on s'est efforcé de confronter nos connaissances sur les karsts aux problèmes de l'évolution générale (tectonique, paléo-climats, variations du niveau marin). Trois périodes ont été analysées :

-le Miocène inférieur et moyen, favorable à la réalisation d'aplanissements chimiques et à la karstification de subsurface ;

-la révolution fini-miocène (phase tectonique rhodanienne) et crise de salinité messinienne, entraînant l'approfondissement des réseaux karstiques ;

-le Plio-Villafranchien, favorable dans son ensemble (sauf pendant les périodes sèches du Villafranchien) à la production de terra-rossa et à l'évolution des systèmes karstiques.
Essais de mise en évidence et étude de l'environnement de drains karstiques par des techniques géophysiques
Authors: Couturaud Alain , Benderitter Yves
Published: February 2017

Deux rivières souterraines du karst nivernais (Bourgogne, France), offrant des contextes différents, ont fait l'objet de recherches géophysiques de type électrique et électromagnétique. Le premier site présente une importante vallée sèche tandis que le second est en bordure de plateau. Dans les deux cas, aucune «image» nette des drains n'a été obtenue, mais le premier site montre une densité d'anomalies plus importante dans la zone où se développe la cavité. L'axe de la vallée présente une anomalie de faible résitivité, sans rapport avec le drainage karstique et d'origine non superficielle. Cette anomalie serait due à une fissuration de fond de vallée. D'autres zones de fractures ont été mises en évidence, recoupant les conduits. Le second site montre aussi des zones de faibles résistivités indépendantes des drains qu'il est possible d'interpréter comme des «systèmes annexes». Quelques réflexions portant sur l'aspect théorique et la méthodologie de ce type de recherche sont exposées.
Préférences parasitaires et particularités biologiques des Tachinaires (Diptera Tachinidae)
Authors: Grenier Simon , Liljesthröm Gerardo
Published: February 2017

Résumé. — Il s'agit d'abord d'un aperçu taxonomique concernant les Tachinaires et leurs hôtes (70 % de Lépidoptères), dont la diversité et la distribution géographique sont globalement considérées. Ensuite une des particularités des Tachinaires est développée : leur mode d'infestation des hôtes et les modifications des appareils génitaux femelles qui y sont liées. Les femelles déposent des œufs, dont l'incubation est plus ou moins avancée, sur, dans ou en dehors de l'hôte. Les larves néonates peuvent aller à la recherche d'un hôte caché dans le sol ou un végétal. Puis, quelques éléments concernant le développement postembryonnaire sont apportés. Le développement larvaire de ces endoparasitoïdes se caractérise essentiellement par une croissance particulièrement rapide. Enfin, l'utilisation des Tachinaires en lutte biologique est évoquée sommairement.
Un casse-tête inattendu, la nomenclature des scolies françaises (Hymenoptera Scoliidae)
Authors: Hamon Jacques
Published: February 2017

Une monographie des scolies de France métropolitaine a été publiée en 1925. Conforme aux connaissances de l'époque, elle ne correspond guère aux présentes définitions taxonomiques de notre faune. Si nos précesseurs n'avaient pas établi, et déposé dans des musées, des collections de scolies, il aurait été difficile d'étudier les Scoliidae de France et impossible d'évaluer l'évolution de leurs populations au fil du temps. Les problèmes de nomenclature n'auraient pas pu être résolus sans la libre circulation des spécimens de référence et d'échantillons représentatifs des collections publiques et privées. Nous devons veiller à ce que les réglementations nationales, communautaires, et internationales en préparation, n'entravent pas demain la constitution de telles collections et la communications de spécimens entre entomologistes amateurs.
Description de Corticotomus testaceus n. sp. (Coleoptera Trogositidae) et notes sur trois espèces de l'Ouest des Etats-Unis
Authors: Dajoz Roger
Published: February 2017

Une espèce nouvelle Corticotomus testaceus (Coleoptera Trogositidae) est décrite d'une localité du sud de l'Arizona. La biologie de cette espèce et des espèces qui l'accompagnent est précisée. Des informations sur la biologie et la biogéographie de trois autres espèces de Trogositidae des Etats-Unis sont fournies : Corticotomus apicalis Van Dyke, Thymalus marginicollis Chevrolat et Grvnocharis oregonensis Schaeffer.
Les mammouths du Pharaon
Authors: Manlius Nicolas
Published: February 2017

Contrairement à ce qu'avançait Rosen (1994), il semble peu probable que le mammouth fut contemporain des Egyptiens pharaoniques.
Quelques données sur l'écologie d'Epipactis fibri Scapaticci et Robatsch
Authors: Pont Bernard , Pissavin Stéphane
Published: February 2017

L'écologie d'E. fibri est décrite à partir de 6 relevés phytoécologiques réalisés sur des stations de cette espèce dans la moyenne vallée du Rhône. Ces données mettent en évidence la sténoécie de l'espèce par rapport à l'humidité de la station, la texture du sol et le stade successionnel.
Cétoines, magie noire et divination au Mali
Authors: Aberlenc Henri-Pierre
Published: February 2017

Au Mali, la cétoine Diplognatha gagates est perçue comme la messagère d'un sorcier malintentionné. Les cétoines Rhabdotis sobrina, Pachnoda cordata et P. marginata aurantia annoncent quant à elles la venue d'un visiteur.
Inventaire des porte-gui du sud du département de la Loire (Massif du Pilat, France)
Authors: Delaigue Jacques
Published: February 2017

Après un rappel de généralités concernant le gui (Viscum album L.) et une étude de la dition, l'auteur produit la liste des 38 porte-gui observés, puis ses commentaires sur les plus intéressants et les plus rares. Il conclut en souhaitant la poursuite du recensement en vue d'une amélioration de la cartographie.
Contribution à l'étude systématique et écologique des Micromycètes parasites des plantes spontanées des Alpes françaises (septième note)
Authors: Chevassut Georges , Pellicier Philippe
Published: February 2017

Nous présentons 108 espèces dont 7 Péronosporales, 2 Ustilaginales, 26 Urédinales, 13 Ascomycètes, 59 Fungi Imperfecti (= Champignons Imparfaits) : 36 Hyphales (dont 25 Ramularia), 3 Mélanconiales, 20 Sphaeropsidales (dont 12 Septoria). Les raretés (Ascomycètes et Fungi Imperfecti ) comprennent 10 espèces non signalées à notre connaissance en France, Mycosphaerella vulnerariae sur Anthyllis vulneraria, Helminthosporium anthyllidis sur Anthyllis vulneraria, Mastigosporium muticum sur Briza media, Asteromella (— Phyllosticta) chaerophylli sur Chaerophyllum hirsutum, Phyllosticta anthyllidis sur Anthyllidis vulneraria, Phyllosticta balcanica sur Silene nutans, Septoria aderholdii sur Centaurea jacea, Septoria ascochytoides sur Filipendula (= Spiraea ) ulmaria, Septoria mougeotii sur hieracioides, Septoria poylgonorum sur Polygonum bistorta, 3 hôtes nouveaux, et 15 espèces encore très peu récoltées en France (2e à 5e récolte).
Contribution à la connaissance de la flore du Forez (Loire)
Authors: Galtier Justin , Maret Gérard
Published: February 2017

Le présent article a pour but d'actualiser la «Statistique Botanique du Forez» de A. Legrand (1873) et son «Supplément» (1876). Les taxons nouveaux (64), cités dans ce document, ont été observés lors de diverses herborisations effectuées ces dix dernières années et doivent donc être ajoutés à cet inventaire qui contenait déjà environ 1 400 espèces à fleurs.
Advanced Surface Ablation With a New Software for the Reduction of Ablation Irregularities
Authors: Vinciguerra Paolo , Camesasca Fabrizio I. , Vinciguerra Riccardo , Arba-Mosquera Samuel , Torres Ingrid , Morenghi Emanuela , Randleman J. Bradley
Published: February 2017

PURPOSE:

To compare visual outcomes and postoperative aberrations after surface ablation performed with a 750-Hz versus a 1,050-Hz excimer laser coupled with an ablation software designed to reduce corneal surface irregularity.

METHODS:

Retrospective comparative trial of myopic eyes that had refractive surgery consecutively treated with transepithelial advanced surface ablation with a 750-Hz excimer laser (750 group) versus a 1,050-Hz excimer laser coupled with the Smart Pulse Technology ablation software (SPT group). The SPT algorithm is a laser pulse technology software aimed at reducing surface irregularity of the stromal bed at the end of treatment. The authors evaluated the effect of this smoothing on final visual acuity. Patients were observed for 6 months.

RESULTS:

A total of 139 eyes in the 750 group and 40 eyes in the SPT group were evaluated. Epidemiological and preoperative refractive data of the two groups were comparable. Uncorrected distance visual acuity improved with time and was significantly better in the SPT group (−0.04 ± 0.61 logMAR for the SPT group vs 0.02 ± 0.78 logMAR for the 750 group) (
P
< .001). At 6 months, 55% versus 21% achieved 20/16 or better (
P
= .005) and 90% versus 65% achieved 20/20 or better (
P
= .019) visual acuity in the SPT and 750 groups, respectively. Corrected distance visual acuity improved with time and appeared to be influenced by group (
P
= .054), with better results in the SPT group. Coma and trefoil improved significantly with time in a similar manner in both groups.

CONCLUSIONS:

Surface ablation with the 1,050-Hz excimer laser and SPT software, aimed at reducing the final superficial stromal irregularity, led to improvement of 6-month uncorrected visual acuity.

[
J Refract Surg.
2017;33(2):89–95.]
Infectious Diseases and Immunizations in International Adoption
Authors: Obringer Emily , Walsh Linda
Published: February 2017

Children who are adopted internationally have an increased risk of infectious diseases due to endemic conditions and variable access to preventive health care, such as vaccines, in their country of origin. Pediatricians and other providers who care for children should be familiar with the recommended screening for newly arrived international adoptees. Testing for gastrointestinal pathogens, tuberculosis, hepatitis, syphilis, and HIV should be routinely performed. Other endemic diseases and common skin infections may need to be assessed. Evaluation of the child's immunization record is also important, as nearly all international adoptees will require catch-up vaccines. The provider may also be asked to review medical records prior to adoption, provide travel advice, and ensure that parents and other close contacts are up-to-date on immunizations prior to the arrival of the newest family member. The pediatrician serves a unique role in facilitating the evaluation, treatment, and prevention of infectious diseases in international adoptees.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2017;46(2):e56–e60.]
Necrotizing Pneumonia
Authors: Nicolaou Elitsa V. , Bartlett Allison H.
Published: February 2017

Necrotizing pneumonia refers to the development of necrosis, liquefication, and cavitation of the lung parenchyma from an infectious pathogen. Nearly 4% of all community-acquired pneumonias are necrotizing, although studies retrospectively evaluating the incidence have found it to be increasing during the past 20 years. Common presenting symptoms include fever, tachypnea, and cough, and most of those afflicted also develop complications such as parapneumonic effusions, empyemas, or bronchopleural fistulae. When compared to age-matched controls with parapneumonic effusions or severe pneumonias without a necrotizing component, those with necrotizing pneumonia have been shown to have more elevated white blood cell counts and inflammatory markers that take longer to normalize, a longer duration of symptoms despite initiation of therapy, and a longer hospital stay. Despite the high incidence of complications during the acute phase of illness, the overall prognosis of necrotizing pneumonia has been shown to be promising, with nearly all children surviving the illness.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2017;46(2):e65–e68.]
México en Estados Unidos: análisis de los procesos de conformación de la identidad mexicana «ilegalizada»
Authors: Tudela-Vázquez María Pilar
Published: February 2017

En 2006 las manifestaciones por los derechos de las personas migrantes, en Estados Unidos, se convirtieron en importantes escenarios de expresiones de identidad mexicana. El presente artículo propone acercarnos a este hecho analizando, a partir de un marco histórico, los procesos que intervienen en la adscripción de dicha identidad, en el proyecto estadounidense, desde parámetros de pertenencia subordinada. Para ello, se proponen tres ejes de análisis 1) incorporar la producción de identidades políticas externas, como una característica constituyente de la comunidad nacional, adscrita al modelo de Estado; 2) reconocer el papel actual de la herencia colonial; y 3) incorporar la interrelación entre la consolidación de la economía de mercado y la producción legal de una mano de obra prescindible y precaria. Este trabajo concluye con la propuesta de atender a la «ilegalidad», como un espacio sociopolítico dinámico, y no como un estatus jurídico, desde dónde se pueden producir nuevas fórmulas de ciudadanía activa.
Asturianos en América. Fotografía, identidad y traje tradicional en la emigración (1880-1900)
Authors: Santoveña Zapatero Fe
Published: February 2017

A mediados del siglo XIX un sector de la sociedad asturiana, relacionada con las élites intelectuales vinculadas al regionalismo romántico, fijaron los estereotipos de una indumentaria que pasará a ser conocida como «traje del país o traje asturiano», con el que se identificarán tanto el folclore y las tradiciones populares, como una idea de unidad territorial e identitaria heredera de un heroico pasado. Los emigrantes en Latinoamérica reformularon la expresión estética de estos atuendos de acuerdo con las costumbres locales, generando un traje híbrido en el que se aunaron las costumbres recordadas de la lejana Asturias y las expresiones culturales de los países de acogida. Así ataviados, los asturianos en la emigración posaron para la fotografía, dejando testimonio gráfico de las nuevas identidades mixtas surgidas en las postrimerías del colonialismo español allende el mar.
Expresiones de la violencia basada en género en las afectaciones por minas antipersonal en Colombia
Authors: Ruiz Romero Gabriel A. , Valencia Londoño Paula Andrea
Published: February 2017

Este texto, basado en trabajo de campo realizado entre los años 2014 y 2015, analiza, en primer lugar, cómo la Violencia Basada en Género (VBG) en el marco del conflicto armado encuentra también expresión en formas de victimización como los ataques por minas antipersonal (MAP). Estudia también cómo mujeres pertenecientes a asociaciones de víctimas de MAP afrontan las consecuencias de esta victimización, muchas de las cuales tienen claras connotaciones de género, que las ubica en un mayor grado de vulnerabilidad y estigmatización.
El artículo muestra que la violencia ejercida a través del empleo de minas antipersonal, pese a tratarse en su origen de un tipo de violencia indiscriminada (debido a la naturaleza del instrumento empleado), posee dos configurantes esenciales de la VBG que afectan profundamente a las mujeres dado el contexto patriarcal en el que ésta se desarrolla: el empleo del cuerpo como espacio de disputa y el continuum que generan las afectaciones en la vida de las mujeres. Estos configurantes refuerzan las secuelas físicas y sicológicas para las víctimas directas de estos artefactos y el impacto emocional para las indirectas (familiares de las primeras), y contribuyen a alterar considerablemente los roles tradicionales que las mujeres tienen al interior de la familia, debilitando así el tejido social.
Survival and cholinesterase activity of Asian common toad (Duttaphrynus melanostictus) tadpoles following short term exposure to a carbosulfan-based pesticide
Authors: Samarakoon H. M. T. R. , Pathiratne A.
Published: February 2017

Carbosulfan, a carbamate pesticide widely used in agriculture especially in the Asian region has received less attention in ecological impact assessments particularly to non-target amphibians. In this study, short term effects of a carbosulfan-based pesticide (Marshal®) on survival and cholinesterase (ChE) activity of tadpoles of Duttaphrynus melanostictus, a non-target amphibian in tropical Asia were evaluated. Based on the concentration-toxicity response patterns, estimated median lethal concentration (LC50) and median ChE inhibitory concentration (IC50) for 96 h were 24 and 2.1 mg/L carbosulfan respectively. For the ChE inhibition for 96 h, the lowest observable effect concentration and no observable effect concentrations of carbosulfan were 0.6 and 0.3 mg/L respectively. Upon transfer to pesticide-free water by 14 days, ChE activities of the tadpoles were restored to normal levels. Since the tadpoles exposed to 0.3 mg/L carbosulfan have not exhibited lethality, morphological deformities, abnormal behavior or statistically significant ChE depression, it is unlikely that the carbosulfan-based pesticide could induce neurotoxic effects for D. melanostictus tadpoles at the concentration of ≤ 0.3 mg/L of active ingredient under short term exposure.