bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La escritura autógrafa de Schiller y su pensamiento entre 1792 y 1794
Authors: Salmerón Infante Miguel
Published: December 2021

Este artículo intenta estudiar el pensamiento de Friedrich Schiller entre 1792 y 1794 a través de su escritura autógrafa. Para ello nos hemos servido de textos manuscritos del autor digitalizados por el Goethe- und Schiller-Archiv de Weimar.  Examinando las tachaduras, las correcciones y los añadidos de la escritura intentamos aproximarnos al pensamiento del autor durante el citado periodo. Este es un momento decisivo en la evolución de Schiller. En él ya están bien asentados los conceptos kantianos, tal y como demuestra lo resuelto de su escritura sobre filosofía práctica y estética. Sin embargo, la escritura sobre los géneros literarios, más sometida a corrección revela un proceso de cambio. Estas diferencias en la escritura las interpretamos como el intento de Schiller de hacer un compendio de la influencia que ejerció en él la filosofía de Kant y el comienzo de una fructífera relación intelectual con Goethe.
La escritura literaria en los desfiladeros de la locura y la muerte como trabajo de insurgencia ante el poder, en “Don Quijote de la Mancha” y poemas de Leopoldo Panero
Authors: Arley Fonseca Mauricio
Published: December 2021

El estudio primario se dirige sobre fragmentos de los capítulos XI, XII, XIV y XV de Don Quijote de la Mancha, y otra selección de textos de Leopoldo Panero.

Panero permaneció recluido voluntariamente en un psiquiátrico por más de veinte años; su condición nos recuerda la cárcel del nacimiento de las primeras líneas imaginadas de don Quijote. Psiquiátrico y cárcel son matrices de escritura con un rasgo común: la batalla.

La locura y la muerte se convierten en actos insurgentes contra los regímenes de control, pero la escritura de ficción es un fiel escudero que juega con el lenguaje y crea nuevos significados para representar mundos llenos de gérmenes vitales.
El juego de la deriva continua
Authors: Benito Temprano Claudia Sofía
Published: December 2021

En el presente artículo se propone una reflexión en torno a distintas facetas de la interpretación literaria. Desde una perspectiva docente, pero también desde una punto de vista teórico, se sugiere una revisión de algunos de los aspectos que habría de tomar en consideración todo aquel que se propusiese instruir a otros individuos en el ámbito de la alfabetización literaria: cuestiones semánticas y pragmáticas, pero también éticas, que afectan a nivel individual en la formación de sentido suscitada durante una lectura literaria. En segundo plano, se intenta legitimar el uso (no meramente interpretación) de los textos por parte del lector.
La escritura de la teoría como autoficción: Alain Robbe-Grillet
Authors: Fernández Cardo José María
Published: December 2021

Se aborda la cuestión de la presencia del discurso de la teoría y de la crítica literarias dentro de los textos de autoficción de Alain Robbe-Grillet, publicados entre 1984 y 1994, agrupados bajo el título general de Les romanesques. El problema de la posibilidad de la representación del yo se sitúa dentro de una red de duplicidades de carácter intertextual, que se extiende hasta Marcel Proust y Mario Bellatin, y que conduce a una propuesta de ordenamiento graduado de los textos susceptibles de formar parte, con alguna que otra distancia, del género de la autoficción, recalificado de nouvelle autobiographie. El objeto fundamental del estudio lo constituye un modo de escritura de orientación metaliteraria y autoanalítica que, paradójicamente, se ofrece a la lectura como texto ficcional.
La participación ascendente de länder y comunidades autónomas en la Unión Europea
Authors: Sevilla Duro Miguel Ángel
Published: December 2021

Aunque la Unión Europea ha ido superando su «ceguera federal» (Landesblindheit), la participación de los entes territoriales periféricos todavía debe perfeccionarse. En este trabajo se realiza un estudio comparado de la participación ascendente de Länder y comunidades autónomas en la Unión Europea. Mientras que el ordenamiento jurídico alemán fomenta y facilita la participación interna (o indirecta), en España priman esencialmente las vías de participación externa (o directa). Tras exponer los modos de participación existentes en uno y otro Estado, se esboza una conclusión crítica para evaluar el interés y encaje de los mecanismos y respuestas de un ordenamiento en el otro.
Una aproximación genealógica a la vinculación entre los lenguajes de derechos humanos y medioambiente en las relaciones internacionales
Authors: Giménez González Rebeca
Published: December 2021

El presente trabajo indaga en la creciente interrelación de las normas internacionales en materia de derechos humanos y protección medioambiental, a través de las reivindicaciones y la construcción de discursos específicos de parte de múltiples actores internacionales. Dando cuenta de determinadas dinámicas en el espacio internacional, se formulará una aproximación genealógica para abordar dos procesos simultáneos e interdependientes por los cuales las normas internacionales se han ido transformando: por un lado, la introducción de la dimensión ambiental en las agendas, instrumentos jurídicos e instituciones en materia de derechos humanos; y por otro, la adopción de los lenguajes de los derechos fundamentales dentro del régimen internacional de protección ambiental. Se pondrá el foco en el papel transformador de un conjunto de actores no hegemónicos en los estudios de Relaciones Internacionales, que se identifican como los principales impulsores de la creciente interrelación entre las estructuras normativas y discursivas de derechos humanos y medioambiente.
Dynamic instability of a compound nanocomposite shell
Authors:   A. N. Podgorny Institute for Mechanical Engineering Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Sakhno N.H. , Avramov K.V. ,   A. N. Podgorny Institute for Mechanical Engineering Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Uspensky B.V. ,   A. N. Podgorny Institute for Mechanical Engineering Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2021

Free oscillations and dynamic instability due to supersonic airflow pressure are investigated in a functional-gradient compound composite conical-cylindrical shell made of a carbon nanotubes-reinforced material. Nanocomposite materials with a linear distribution of the volumetric fraction of nanotubes over the thickness are considered. Extended mixture rule is used to estimate nanocomposite’s mechanical characteristics. A high-order shear deformation theory is used to represent the shell deformation. The assumed-mode technique, along with a Rayleigh-Ritz method, is applied to obtain the equations of the structure motion. To analyze the compound structure dynamics, a new system of piecewise basic functions is suggested. The pressure of a supersonic flow on the shell is obtained by using the piston theory. An example of the dynamic analysis of a nanocomposite conical-cylindrical shell in the supersonic gas flow is considered. The results of its modal analysis using the Rayleigh-Ritz technique are close to the natural frequencies of the shell obtained by finite element analysis. In this case, finite element analysis can only be used for shells made of material with a uniform distribution of nanotubes over the thickness. The dependence of the natural frequencies of a compound shell on the ratio of the lengths of the conical and cylindrical parts is studied. The dependence of the critical pressure of a supersonic flow on the Mach numbers and the type of carbon nanotubes reinforcement is investigated. Shells with a concentration of nanotubes predominantly near the outer and inner surfaces are characterized by higher values of natural frequencies and critical pressure than the shells with a uniform distribution of nanotubes or with a predominant concentration of nanotubes inside the shell.
Impact of anthropogenic activity on the chemical regime of underground waters
Authors: Jafarli Jale V.
Published: December 2021

The article is dedicated to definition of the tendency to change and pattern of formation of the chemical regime of underground waters in the Turyanchay-Girdimanchay interfluve in the Shirvan steppe, Azerbaijan as a result of anthropogenic activity. The subsoil waters studied are spread in the zone between the Turyanchay and Girdimanchay rivers. From 1930 to 2019 based on analysis of the observation of the chemical regime of subsoil waters, the natural regime of the groundwaters in the studied area strongly changed as a result of irrigation and construction works. In 1930 the average mineralization degree of subsoil waters was 26.8 gram/liter in the zone. The level of subsoil waters approaches the surface and is exposed to strong evaporation as a result of irrigation and filtration of waters from irrigation channels. Consequently, the mineralization rate of subsoil waters increased and mass secondary salinization process occurred in the irrigated lands. The average mineralization degree of subsoil waters was 33.6–34.5 gram/liter in the research zone in the 1960s-1970s. Collector-drainage networks were built and basic washing of soils is carried out in order the prevent secondary salinization and regulate the level of subsoil waters. After the 1970s the mineralization rate of subsoil waters began to decrease due to basic washing, intensive irrigation and the activity of the collector-drainage network.The average mineralization degree decreased to 15.1 gram/liter. The mineralization degree of the water in the Main Shirvan Collector which takes subsoil waters formed in the zone with 253,000 hectares and which discaharges them into the Caspian Sea decreased more than 3 times in comparison with 1995. At present the mineralization degree of collector water is 1.8–2.5 gram/liter while its mineralization degree was 8.81 gram/liter in 1995. Formation of the process in a favourable direction enchances the potential of using collector water for irrigation, technical and other purposes and creates a basis for elimination of water deficiency in drought years. The research shows that anthropogenic activity mainly plays an important role in formation of the chemical regime of subsoil waters.
“A cozinha é o coração da casa”
Authors: Ferreira Guilherme Gomes
Published: December 2021

O presente texto é fruto de investigação científica realizada em pós-graduação na área da saúde pública, cujo objetivo foi analisar como os temas de gênero e de sexualidade aparecem nas narrativas dos trabalhadores de uma unidade de saúde que atuam com saúde da família e da comunidade. A metodologia, fundamentalmente qualitativa, procurou acionar reflexões a partir de notícias e de imagens deixadas nas mesas da cozinha da unidade de saúde, onde ocorreram “encontros do cotidiano”. O estudo revelou que essas temáticas se conectam com diferentes dimensões da vida dos sujeitos – entre elas a dimensão afetiva, responsável por mobilizar narrativas moralizadoras e conservadoras próprias do espaço do cotidiano a respeito do tema de gênero e de sexualidade. A intenção da pesquisa foi também demonstrar que o espaço do cotidiano é potente para a realização de metodologias de educação mais conectadas ao conhecimento popular e, por isso, mais transformadoras de comportamentos preconceituosos e conservadores.
Mestrado em Serviço Social em Portugal
Authors: Teixeira Caren de Lima
Published: December 2021

Este artigo analisa a reforma do ensino superior português no âmbito dos mestrados em Serviço Social e os impactos que os planos de estudos deste nível do ensino sofreram após as adequações do Processo de Bolonha. O trabalho incide sobre os cursos de mestrado anteriores a este processo e em sequência, sobre as adequações realizadas nos planos de estudos dos cursos posteriores a este. O ensino superior, sobretudo o ensino pós-graduado de Serviço Social, objeto de estudo deste artigo, é problematizado a partir de seus limites e possibilidades enquanto parte de uma política de educação forte e emancipadora, capaz de promover a transformação social. No primeiro momento procurou-se analisar os processos de adequação ao Processo de Bolonha e, no segundo momento, procurou-se dar conta das repercussões da avaliação e da acreditação do ensino superior nos atuais cursos de Mestrado em Serviço Social adequados ao novo sistema de ensino. Em notas conclusivas, podemos perceber uma extensiva supressão de conteúdos, refletida pela criação e distribuição de unidades curriculares diversas e tecnicistas nos planos de estudos, de forma a aligeirar e tornar cada vez mais técnica a formação no Mestrado em Serviço Social.
Cuba
Authors: Pandolfi Aline Fardin
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo analisa as recentes mudanças em Cuba e a interação destas com as relações internacionais estabelecidas pelo país. Inicialmente aponta-se as mudanças principais a partir da atualização do modelo econômico e social cubano. Em seguida, destacam-se as principais missões e cooperações que marcam as relações internacionais do país. Aqui, conclui-se principalmente que os desafios que enfrenta esta experiência revolucionária ao longo da história, como: o baixo desenvolvimento das forças produtivas, o bloqueio econômico, o Período Especial e o recente contexto de pandemia por COVID-19; têm sido respondidos via mudanças internas que objetivam atender às necessidades do país, ao mesmo tempo inserem novas contradições ao projeto societário cubano. A metodologia utilizada foi a revisão bibliográfica.
Modelagem matemática e análise das ações públicas de distanciamento social para contenção da COVID-19 em Araranguá/SC
Authors: De Freitas Jônatas Inácio , Da Costa Lima Rodrigo
Published: December 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as consequências das medidas públicas para regulação do distanciamento social como contenção da COVID-19, em nível municipal, em Araranguá, Santa Catarina. Foram compilados os decretos e portarias municipais sobre o tema e tabulados os dados de casos da doença divulgados pela Prefeitura Municipal. Foram analisados os dados de mobilidade em setores econômicos do Google Analytics. Um modelo matemático baseado no modelo SIR de Kermack e McKendrick (1927) foi construído e resolvido utilizando o software Geogebra. O coeficiente de determinação R2≈1 indicou um bom ajuste do modelo aos dados reais. As simulações indicaram a possibilidade de contaminação de até 90% da população se mantido o número básico de reprodução R0 próximo a 2,5. Medidas legais mais rígidas de distanciamento social seriam capazes de evitar quase todos os óbitos por COVID-19 de residentes no município. A análise estatística revelou correlação forte entre a mobilidade em setores econômicos e os casos confirmados da doença, com maior influência do setor de varejo e lazer.
Palavras-chave: COVID-19; modelagem matemática; políticas públicas; SIR.
Madrasah Reposition in Building Community Trust in Covid-19 Era Disruption
Authors: Salim Ahmad , Mustakim Muh
Published: December 2021

The advancement of information systems is an opportunity and a challenge as well as for Islamic educational institutions. One of them is a madrasah. If madrasah does not respond appropriately and wisely to this progress, madrasah will be left behind and even abandoned. Thus, in simple terms the era of "disruption" has been described by many recent scientists. In addition, the Covid-19 pandemic has implications for human life, including education. Online learning is a necessity. How has madrasah responded toward two major phenomena in the past of year. This study used a qualitative method with a case study approach. The primary data sources came from the research locus, namely MI Maarif Kokap and MTsN 4 Kulon Progo. Data collection techniques are carried out through interviews, documentation and interviews. Meanwhile, data analysis adopted a triangulation system. The results of the study describe that the two madrasahs carried out five strategic steps in building community trust, namely (1) following the dynamics of the community, (2) making learning innovations, (3) involving the surrounding community, (4) assigning offline learning under certain conditions and (5) home visit activity. These findings show that in building public trust during the pandemic and disruption era, madrasahs need to be open to existing technological developments, follow community dynamics and strengthen relationships with   stakeholders.
Competency Characteristics of Graduates Viewed from User Satisfaction Using Nonhierarchical Clusters
Authors: Ghozali Muhammad Ikhsan , Retnawati Heri
Published: December 2021

This study aims to classify graduates based on the similarity of competency characteristics by referring to the indicators of graduate user satisfaction. The indicators are implementation of Islamic values; integrity, ethics, and morals; expertise based on knowledge (professionalism); foreign language skills; ability to use ICT; communication; teamwork; and self-development. The survey was aimed at graduates of five study programs totaling 211 people. Determination of respondents using the purposive sampling technique. Data was collected through a questionnaire containing statements about the eight indicators. Data analysis uses descriptive and multivariate statistics with the non-hierarchical cluster method or K-Means cluster analysis, assisted with SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) software. The results show that based on the similarity of competency characteristics, graduates are grouped into three clusters, namely Cluster 1 with 13.27% with characteristics of graduates with low competence, Cluster 2 with 32.7% with characteristics of graduates with high competence, and Cluster 3 with 54.03% with the characteristics of graduates with moderate competence. Thus, a strategic program that is systematic, comprehensive, and continuous is needed to develop human resources to shape the quality mentality and competence of students and to be competitive with students and by the needs of the workforce or users. For this reason, it is necessary to develop an e-tracer system that is integrated with the campus web and to strengthen synergistic cooperation with stakeholders, including users.
Investigating Students’ Academic Stress on the Transition to Online Learning During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Rosdialena Rosdialena , Trinova Zulvia , Dewita Erna , Deswila Nurhamsi , Maiseptian Fadil
Published: December 2021

This research is based on the situation of students at the State Islamic University Imam Bonjol Padang that were stressed due to the changing  of learning process into online learning during the pandemic of covid-19.The study aims to describe students state based on physical response, emotion, and behaviour. Quantitative method with descriptive approach were used. The objects of the research were chosen based on Random sampling. The instrument used in the research were questionnaire based on Likert. The research found that the level of academic stress based on physical response was high at 68 %, while in emotional response was 70 % and 65 % based on behaviour. The result of the research can be used as data to improve the quality and innovation of teaching and learning during the pandemic to avoid greater issues.
Using Language Games to Enhance EFL Students’ Speaking Skill in Indonesia
Authors: Marzuki Abdul Gafur , Kuliahana Ana
Published: December 2021

This research aims at enhancing EFL students’ speaking skill through the use of language games. The research was designed in the form of Classroom Action Research. It was conducted in two cycles and six meetings. Each cycle consisted of plan, implementation, observation, and Reflection. The researchers employed an observation checklist, field notes, questionnaire, and test to collect the data. The main criterion of success of this research was that the students’ scores on the speaking test should achieve a score of 70, and it must be achieved by 75% of the total number of students. The second criterion was that the lecturer’s classroom performance should meet the “Success” category. The results of the first speaking test showed that from 24 students in the classroom, 15 students got scores of 70 or higher. It was equal to 62.5 %. In cycle 2, the total number of students who got scores of 70 or higher was 21. It was equal to 87.5 %. The result of this research indicated that the use of language games can develop the students’ speaking skills
Online Lecture During Covid-19 Pandemic from College Students’ Perspective
Authors: Indria Anita , Dina Hidayatul , Elza Meriyan , Asmendri Asmendri , Sari Milya , Asrida Deni
Published: December 2021

This research aims to analyze the obstacles of online learning during pandemic Covid-19. There have been pros and cons of online lecture during the pandemic due to lack of effectiveness of achieving education goals. However, education is expected to bring an improvement to students to be well-educated generation. To reach the goal, students must comprehend the materials given by lecturers. Yet, there are some problems that college students face during the process of online lecture. These problems became the background to conduct this research from which it can be a scientific work to give a contribution to analyze the problems specifically. This research was conducted by using qualitative method. The data were obtained by conducting interview which were analyzed and explained in the form of narration while maintaining the authenticity of the data. The result of this research revealed that limited internet access and lack of lecturers’ responsibilities became the obstacles for college students during online lecture. The students expected lecturers and campus staff to understand their situations. They hoped that the lecturers gave relevant deadline for submitting the assignments, focused on making the students understand the materials, and controlled/accompanied the flow of discussion
New Students' Self-Adjustment at Ar-Risalah Islamic Junior High School: Roles and Supporting Factors
Authors: Hasneli Hasneli , Alfaiz Alfaiz , Costa Augusto Da
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this research is to determine teachers’ roles in improving students' self-adjustment and its supporting factors at Ar-Risalah Islamic Junior High School, Padang, Indonesia. This is qualitative descriptive research with data collected from teachers, students, principals, and other school officials through interview, observation, and documentation. The data collected were analyzed using reduction and triangulation processes. The result showed that the teacher had expertise as a motivator to support and trigger the student enthusiasm in adapting and learning new materials at school. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors of the self-adjustment process were parents that have not been able to let their children go to boarding schools and teachers without psychological backgrounds, because this background are needed for better approach and intervention for children to make them enthusiasm in learning in boarding school
Esthesioneuroblastoma, a rare clinical-pathological entity
Authors: Torrecilla-Martínez A. , Ros-Gracia R. , Leiva-Cepas F.
Published: December 2021

We present an esthesioneuroblastoma, an extremely rare tumor with unknown aetiology and whose clinical manifestation is highly unspecific, including asymptomatic patients with only nasal cavity lesions on radiology images. In this case, we review the symptoms, diagnosis and treatment.
The doctor must consider this pathology within the differential diagnosis of unspecific cerebral and nasal symptoms, especially the cases in which the nasal cavitity lesions detected by images are obvious, due to its special diagnosis and treatment.
Colonic obstruction secondary to gallstone ileus
Authors: Frutos-Muñoz L. , Arroyo-Argüelles J.M. , De Vicente-Ortega A. , Romero-Moreno S.
Published: December 2021

Gallstone ileus is a rare complication of biliary lithiasis that occurs by the formation of some fistula (or fistulas) between the vesicular wall and the gastrointestinal tract, which could lead to intestinal obstruction. The treatment should be individualized according to the characteristics of the patient. Although there are other therapeutic options, surgery is the most appropriate treatment in most of the cases. We present the case of an impacted gallstone ileus in the sigmoid colon of 85-year-old patient with multiple comorbidities. The patient was operated urgently through an infra-umbilical laparotomy performing enterotomy on tapeworm, extraction of the calculus and exteriorization of colostomy in shotgun barrel. The final result was death. A review of the literature is carried out on the case.
Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies and rheumatoid factor in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Clavero-López R. , Navarro-Abad A.I. , Ruiz-Herance M. , Urra-Ardanaz J.M.
Published: December 2021

Introduction: For the diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), the detection of the autoantibodies, rheumatoid factor (FR) and cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (APCC) are used. The presence of these antibodies determines that the RA is classified as seropositive or seronegative, with important implications both in the clinical development and in the prognosis of the disease.
Objective: To assess the role of APCC and RF in the diagnosis of RA, as well as its influence on the establishment of pharmacological treatment.
Methodology: We studied 213 patients with initial clinical suspicion of RA and with determinations of FR and APCC. Their definitive diagnosis and the pharmacological treatment established were studied.
Results: 63 of 213 patients had a definitive diagnosis of RA. 77.8% were classified as seropositive. The sensitivity and specificity were higher in the APCC compared to FR. Initially the RF presented a low diagnostic value since it was negative in more than two thirds of the patients with a diagnosis of RA. The precise adjustment of its reference value allowed its use as a useful diagnostic tool. The presence of antibodies in patients with RA influences the treatment of choice with an increased use of Methotrexate against other immunosuppressants in seropositive patients.
Conclusions: The APCC presented better parameters of diagnostic test validity than the RF. The presence of antibodies in RA influences the treatment of choice possibly due to the greater severity of the pathology.
Service Innovation for Route Permits and Public Transport Operations Permits through Si Pintar Solo at the Surakarta City Department of Transportation
Authors: Safitri Nina Septiani , Setyowati Kristina
Published: December 2021

Innovation is one way to restructure public services that are integrated with information technology. Starting from the existence of public transportation in the city of Surakarta that is no longer extending due to the revitalization of public transportation, the lack of network and route permits optimization and manual public transport permit services seem convoluted, slow and take a lot of time. The Surakarta City Department of Transportation created ‘Si Pintar Solo’ innovation, which is the the Solo Route and Operation Licensing Information System. This study aims to identify and understand the implementation of the Si Pintar Solo innovation by using the innovation theory according to Rogers (2003). This is a descriptive qualitative research, with primary data, such as interviews and secondary data from related documents. The sample selected by purposive sampling.  The data validity used source triangulation. The data analyzed using interactive analysis. The results showed that the implementation of the Si Pintar Solo innovation described in each of the innovation attribute criteria, such as simplifying and accelerating services because it is supported by adequate facilities and infrastructure, according to community needs. Licensing is conducted online which does not require coming to the Surakarta City Department of Transportation office and is integrated with the e-Uji service. In addition, it could monitor the licensing process and the result of licensing data is stored in the database. However, there are obstacles, such as signal limitedness and the users’ quandary about innovations involving technology.
The Influence of Administrative Procedure of Online Registration of Job Seekers to The Effectiveness of a Yellow Card on The Department of Employment Cianjur District
Authors: Aripin Ira Septira , Handayani Tias Safira , Adji Wilma Zuarko
Published: December 2021

Department of employment Cianjur District is a government agency that provides yellow card making service using online administration procedures, where the public required to be able mastering technology that are always changing. The research aimed to find effective yellow card making online, improving service quality is the main goal in the policy. The writer does the research used quantitative and descriptive. The research conducted against yellow card makers and employees department of employment Cianjur districk, The technique data collection used with observation, dokumentation, written interview also literature review which has close relationship from the subject matter, the data is processed using descriptive analysis. From this research the results is that yellow card making online 99% can be effective time and cost also makes it easier for the public making yellow card.
Buchach – a city at the meeting point of different national narratives
Authors:   University of Vienna, Austria, Woldan Alois
Published: December 2021

Our article presents three different historic narratives of the city of Buchach in former Eastern Galicia, a Polish, Jewish and Ukrainian one, according to the city’s mixed population, consisting of a larger Jewish, a smaller Polish and a still smaller Ukrainian group. The Polish historic narrative is represented by Sadok Barącz’s book “Pamiątki buczackie”, the Ukrainian one by the Historical and Memoiristical Collection “The City of Buchach and its Region”, compiled by emigration writers, and the Jewish narrative by Y.S. Agnon’s “A City in its Fulness”. These sources provide different ways of presenting history, sometimes converging and sometimes diverging from each other, which is illustrated by the depiction of selected historic events: the siege of the city by Chmelnicki’s troops in 1648, the role of the city in the Polish-Turkish war of 1672, the importance of Austrian rule since 1772 for the city, and the city’s fate in the time of World War I and immediately after the war. Our comparison of the above three historic narratives ends with the re-evaluation of the figure of Mikołaj Potocki, Polish nobleman, who today is held in high esteem by Ukrainian historians of art because of his function as a founder of the most beautiful buildings in Buchach and a sponsor of famous artists, creators of these architectural monuments. He is seen as a mediator between the Polish and Ukrainian tradition.
Issues related to notaries public’s offices in selected Galician law journals
Authors:   University of Rzeszów, Poland, Kozak Szczepan
Published: December 2021

The article deals with the issue of the informative value of Galician law journals in research on the history of notaries public in the years 1871–1914. The text presents the analysis of such titles as „Kwartalnik Stowarzyszenia Kandydatów Notarialnych w Krakowie”, „Prawnik”, „Przegląd Sądowy i Administracyjny”, „Urzędnik w Połączeniu z Prawnikiem” [“Quarterly of the Association of Notary Candidates in Krakow”, “Lawyer”, “Judicial and Administrative Review”, “The clerk combined with the lawyer”]. A large part of their content was devoted to texts on the notary public’s services. The continuity, cyclicality and quality of published materials are noteworthy, as they provide opportunities for research on the professional group of notaries, especially with the use of an ego-documentary perspective.
Między Sławutą a Tarnowem. Podróże współpracowników i administratorów dóbr wołyńskich i ukraińskich ks. Hieronima Sanguszki na przełomie XVIII i XIX wieku
Authors:   Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Kraków, Polska, Kargol Tomasz
Published: December 2021

The article presents the journeys of clerks and administrators of Prince Hieronim Sanguszko in Volhynia and Ukraine at the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries. They travelled to the towns of Sławuta, Antonina, Białogródek and Zasław in Volhynia, Ilińce and Cherkasy in Ukraine, the capitals of the provinces (Żytomierz, Kiev and Kamienic Podolski), and trading cities (Berdyczów and Dubno). The closest associates of Prince Hieronim Sanguszko, such as Antoni Pruszyński and Franciszek Mikoszewski, travelled in the family and property matters of the Sanguszko family outside Russia, to Galicia, where Prince Hieronim Sanguszko owned other estates (Tarnów).
Kwestia komunikacyjno-transportowa w funkcjonowaniu uzdrowiska w Szczawnicy (XIX wiek – początek XX wieku)
Authors:   Instytut Archeologii i Etnologii PAN, Warszawa, Polska, Wawrzczak Maciej ,   Archeologický ústav SAV, OZV, Nitra, Słowacja
Published: December 2021

The town of Szczawnica, situated on the border of the Beskid Sądecki and the Pieniny Mountains, became a health resort at the beginning of the 19th century. It was connected with the influx of curative tourists and outflow of products obtained in the health resort, e.g. mineral water. This article is an attempt to show the condition of road and water transport on the section Krościenko nad Dunajcem-Szczawnica and its impact on selected aspects of functioning of the health resorts.
Defining patterns in the dynamic load and strength of the bearing structure of a covered freight car with a filler in the girder beam
Authors: Panchenko Sergii , Fomin Oleksij , Vatulia Glib , Lovska Alyona , Bahrov Oleksandr , Fedosov-Nikonov Dmytro , Rybin Andrij
Published: December 2021

This paper reports a study into determining the dynamic load and strength of the bearing structure of a covered freight car under operational modes. A feature of the freight car's bearing structure is that the girder beam has a closed cross-section. To reduce the dynamic load of the frame, the girder beam is filled with a material with viscoelastic properties. Such a solution could contribute to the transformation of the kinetic energy of impact (due to jerk, stretching, compression) into work of viscoelastic friction forces, and, consequently, to reducing the load on the bearing structure.
To substantiate the proposed improvement, the dynamic load on the bearing structure of a covered freight car was mathematically modeled. The calculation was performed for the case of joint impacts at shunting. The study was carried out in a flat coordinate system. It was established that the maximum accelerations acting on the bearing structure of a covered freight car were about 37 m/s2. The calculated acceleration value is 3.2 % lower than that obtained for the bearing structure of a covered freight car without filler.
The results of calculating the strength of the load-bearing structure of a covered freight car are given. In this case, a finite-element method was applied. The maximum equivalent stresses occur in the zones of interaction between the girder beam and the pivot beams, and amount to 319.5 MPa, which is 8 % lower than permissible. The calculation was also performed regarding other operational modes of loading the freight car's bearing structure.
The model of the dynamic load on the bearing structure of a covered freight car was verified according to the F-criterion.
The research reported here could contribute to designing innovative rolling stock structures, thereby improving the efficiency of their operation.
Marketing strategy design based on information technology in batik small and medium-sized enterprises in Indonesia
Authors: Suhartini Suhartini , Mahbubah Nina Aini , Basjir Mochammad
Published: December 2021

During the pandemic, the Indonesian authorities are committed to limiting the social and economic mobility of the community. One of the activities carried out is online purchases. With changes in people's behavior towards meeting online needs, small and medium-sized enterprises will be able to use information technology in making online marketing of products sold to consumers. The object of this research is batik small and medium-sized enterprises in Indonesia. At this time, many batik small and medium-sized enterprises have used online marketing, but it has not been said to be optimal. It can be shown that there are still many batik small and medium-sized enterprises that have experienced a fifthly percent decline in sales during the pandemic. Therefore, batik small and medium-sized enterprises must be able to increase sales capacity through online marketing to increase profitability. The purpose of the study is to identify both internal and external factors in order to instigate a better strategy to improve the firm’s market. This research uses qualitative and quantitative methods. The method used is to integrate the Strength Weakness Opportunities Threats and Analytic Hierarchy Process methods to increase profitability. These results are in the context of the Strengths Opportunity strategy, which includes analyzing the potential of digital marketing and developing innovative business models, that batik small and medium-sized enterprises must expand the market by maximizing online marketing and increasing quality and creativity in creating product content online. This research found that a prominent strategy for developing the batik business is the strength and opportunity strategy that takes advantage of strengths and opportunities in order to increase competitiveness.
Numerical investigation on crack analysis of H13 fixed die and structural analysis of moving die with two different materials
Authors: Abdulhadi Hassan Abdurssoul
Published: December 2021

Die casting is forcing molten metal into a mould with high pressure. Die casting has two dies namely moving die and fixed die where the moving one will move over the fixed die. Die casting is majorly used for high-volume production. This paper focused on the physical phenomenon of die casting for two dies (moving die and fixed die) using two different alloy materials with variable material chemical compositions.
The numerical analysis is carried out for the die casting process to determine the crack formation zone by temperature distribution and structural analysis by stress-strain relationship. The numerical analysis is carried out for both the dies. The fixed die is analyzed with an H13 tool steel material with two moving die materials as aluminum alloy (A356) and magnesium alloy (AZ91D). Both the dies (fixed and moving) were designed by using design software and meshing is carried out followed by analysis using the analysis software. The physical parameter for the dies is applied that is temperature distribution is carried out by applying a temperature of 850 °C and 650 °C over the fixed die for aluminum and magnesium alloy, respectively. Structural analysis is carried out for the moving die with a load of 1,000 N for both aluminum and magnesium alloys with 1000  number of iterations. The results from the numerical analysis are derived and analyzed for both temperature distribution and structural analysis. The crack formation zone is found out by means of temperature gradient and the stress-strain relationship is found out by means of structural analysis. From the results, it was concluded that the crack zone is obtained at 1.22E-10 °C/mm and 6.856E-14 °C/mm of thermal gradient and structural analysis in terms of maximum stress of 446.94 MPa and 448.52 MPa for aluminum and magnesium alloys, respectively.
Designing an outer toothed gear whose wheel teeth are outlined by the logarithmic spiral arcs
Authors: Pylypaka Serhii , Kresan Tetiana , Volina Tatiana , Hryshchenko Iryna , Pshenychna Liubov , Tatsenko Oleksandr
Published: December 2021

Toothed gears are the most common mechanical gears in machine building, which are characterized by high reliability and durability, a constant transfer number, and which can transmit high torque. During toothed gear operation, the surfaces of the teeth slide, which gives rise to friction forces and wears their working surfaces. To prevent this, the surfaces of the teeth need constant lubrication. This paper considers the design of a gear tooth engagement, which does not have friction between the surfaces of the teeth since they roll over each other without slipping. The profile of the tooth of such a gear is outlined by congruent arcs, symmetrical relative to the line that connects the center of rotation of the toothed wheel with the top of the tooth. These symmetrical curves at the top of the tooth intersect at the predefined angle. In the depressions of the wheel, adjacent teeth also intersect at the same angle. Such a condition can be ensured by a curve that at all its points crosses the radius-vector emanating from the coordinate origin, also at a stable angle equal to half of the given one. This curve is a logarithmic spiral. If the number of teeth of the drive and driven wheels is the same, then their teeth are congruent. Otherwise, the profiles of the teeth would differ but they could be outlined by congruent arcs of the same logarithmic spiral of the same length taken from different areas of the curve.
The minimum possible angle at the top of the teeth is straight. At acute angle, the toothed gear operation is impossible. To build gear wheels with a right angle at the top of the tooth, it would suffice to set the number of teeth of the drive and driven wheels. The center-to-center distance is calculated using the derived formula. The transfer number of such a gear is variable but, with an increase in the number of teeth, the range of its change decreases. The algorithm of wheel construction is given.
Ensuring power balance in a hybrid power system with a standby generator
Authors: Kuznietsov Mykola , Lysenko Olga , Chebanov Andrii , Zhuravel Dmytro
Published: December 2021

The combination of several non-guaranteed random energy sources (RES), conventional sources, and nonconstant consumer loads in a local system leads to stochastic power imbalances. This study objective consists in determining the possibilities of ensuring the power balance in a hybrid power generation system with a standby generator and a search for the methods of calculating the optimal parameters to achieve energy balance. This objective is achieved by simulating the processes inherent in wind and solar power engineering and the regimes of energy consumption through a combination of random functions with a standard probability distribution. Aggregated data on weather factors for several years in a region with a high renewable energy potential which can be used to describe the behavior of wind and solar energy over time were used as experimental data. The use of multiple simulations of random processes with calculated parameters has made it possible to draw conclusions about the presence of certain ratios of power and the generator control modes. These ratios can determine minimum energy and consumption losses, reduce the likelihood of energy imbalance, more efficiently use the reserved power. Specific features of the stochastic nature of RES related to the presence of trends and random fluctuations at short hourly intervals were additionally taken into account. Possibilities of varying the conditions of and switching on and off of the standby generator were provided. The existence of some ranges was established for the installed power of the generator outside which its use becomes inefficient. The proposed approach makes it possible to find the probability of various system states, assess the reliability of energy supply, and minimize unproductive losses.
Devising a method for improving the efficiency of artillery shooting based on the Markov model
Authors: Boltenkov Viktor , Brunetkin Olexander , Dobrynin Yevhenii , Maksymova Oksana , Kuzmenko Vitalii , Gultsov Pavlo , Demydenko Volodymyr , Soloviova Olha
Published: December 2021

This paper reports a method for improving the firing efficiency of an artillery unit that results in enhanced effectiveness. Given the modern use of artillery for counter-battery warfare, the effectiveness of shooting is not enough assessed by accuracy only. It is also necessary to take into consideration and minimize the time spent by the unit in the firing position and the consumption of shells to hit the target.
It has been shown that in order to assess the effectiveness of an artillery shot due to the initial velocity of the projectile, the most rapid and simple means is to classify the quality of the shot by the acoustic field. A procedure for categorizing the shot has been improved by applying an automatic classifier with training based on a machine of support vectors with the least squares. It is established that the error in the classification of the effectiveness of the second shot does not exceed 0.05. The concept of the effectiveness of a single artillery shot was introduced. Under the conditions of intense shooting, there may be accidental disturbances in each shot due to the wear of the charging chamber of the gun, its barrel, and incomplete information about the powder charge. When firing involves disturbances, the firing of an artillery unit can be described by a model of a discrete Markov chain. Based on the Markov model, a method for improving the efficiency of artillery fire has been devised. The method is based on the identification of guns that produce ineffective shots. The fire control phase of the unit has been introduced. In the process of controlling the fire of the unit, such guns are excluded from further firing. A generalized criterion for the effectiveness of artillery firing of a unit, based on the convolution of criteria, has been introduced. It is shown that the devised method significantly improves the effectiveness of shooting according to the generalized criterion.
Improving the unit for melting cheese masses
Authors: Bondar Mariana , Skoromna Oksana , Ponomarenko Nataliia , Tesliuk Hennadii , Honcharova Iryna , Nedosiekova Nataliia , Shaferivskyi Bohdan , Zakharchenko Ruslan
Published: December 2021

This paper reports the improved model of the unit for melting cheese masses. The device differs in the technique of heat supply to working tanks through the replacement of a steam jacket with heating by a flexible film resistive electric heater of radiative type (FFREhRT). The heat exchange surface of the working container was increased through heating the mixing device by FFREhRT. In addition, the unit is distinguished by utilizing secondary thermal energy of melting cheese masses (35...95 °C) by converting it with Peltier elements into a low-voltage power supply to autonomous fans (3.5...12 W) in order to cool the control unit. Such a solution would improve the efficiency of the proposed structure, which is explained by reducing the dimensional and weight parameters of the cheese melting unit by replacing the steam heating technique with an electric one.
A decrease in the time to enter a stationary mode (85 °C) when melting cheese masses was experimentally confirmed: for the bowl of the examined unit ‒ 575 s, compared to the analog ‒ 725 s. That confirms the reduction in the time to enter a stationary mode by 21 % compared to the base unit B6-OPE-400.
The estimation has established a 1.2-time decrease in the main indicator of resource efficiency of the specific energy consumption for heating the volume of a unit of product in the improved plant for melting cheese masses – 3,037.2 kJ/kg, compared to the base B6-OPE-400 – 3,672.5 kJ/kg. The results confirm an increase in resource efficiency that is achieved by the elimination of steam heat networks; the increased heat exchange surface of working bowls by heating the stirrer with the help of FFREhRT. The heat transfer that employs FFREhRT simplifies the operational indicators of the temperature stabilization system in the bowl of the cheese mass melting unit. The results reported here may prove useful when designing thermal equipment with electric heating while using secondary thermal energy.