bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relato sobre anomalia no comportamento de uma grande barragem mista de terra e concreto compactado com rolos em operação – O caso da barragem Castanhão
Authors: Oliveira Baima Sandra
Published: July 2017

Este artigo relata, em detalhe, a ocorrência de uma anomalia no comportamento de uma grande barragem de terra-concreto, em operação há onze anos na região Nordeste do Brasil. Em meados de 2014, com o rebaixamento do nível do reservatório devido à estiagem, foi observada uma trinca vertical no concreto do muro de abraço do bloco 13 do vertedouro. A demora na tomada de ações para a correção da anomalia fez com que o fato chegasse ao conhecimento da população, através da imprensa, ocasionando grande temor da população residente a jusante no vale do rio Jaguaribe. O órgão proprietário da barragem, DNOCS, contratou empresa de consultoria técnica especializada para elaboração do diagnóstico e proposição de medidas para a correção da anomalia. Ao final, são apresentados os resultados dos estudos realizados pela empresa e as medidas corretivas propostas.
ГРИБЫ ФИЛЛОПЛАНЫ В ГОРОДСКОЙ СРЕДЕ
Authors: Зеленская М.С. , Сидельникова М.В. , Панова Е.Г. , Паутов А.А. , Крылова Е.Г. , Пагода Я.О. , Власов Д.Ю.
Published: July 2017

Изучен состав микроскопических грибов на поверхности листьев древесных и кустарниковых растений в центре и пригородах Санкт-Петербурга. Выявлено 30 видов грибов и стерильные формы светлого и темного мицелия. Показано, что на листьях постоянно обитают микромицеты, формирующие сообщества определенной структуры. Основу таких сообществ составляют темноокрашенные анаморфные микроскопические грибы всего нескольких видов. Они формируют гифы и микроколонии, распределение которых может быть связано со структурными особенностями листьев. Микромицеты филлопланы проявляют антагонистические отношения с возбудителями мучнистой росы, которые также развиваются на поверхности листьев. Состав микобиоты филлопланы зависит как от территориального расположения насаждений, так и от состава растений. Показано, что филлофильные биопленки ассоциируются с пылевыми частицами различной формы и размеров, что приводит к формированию органоминеральных наслоений на поверхности листьев. В формирующихся биокосных системах могут развиваться процессы кристаллизации и минералообразования. В целом, особенности формирования микобиоты филлопланы, во многом определяются экологической ситуацией на конкретных территориях.
Ten Years: Policy in 3-D
Authors: Stevens Sabrina
Published: July 2017

Ten years ago, I enrolled in Swarthmore’s Education Policy seminar, then taught by Eva Travers. I was a year away from completing a Special Major in Educational Studies and Psychology, and deeply invested in looking at how school contexts worked—and didn’t work—for students, especially low-income students of color.
GASTRORETENTIVE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM OF LEVO-SALBUTAMOL SULPHATE: FORMULATION AND IN VITRO EVALUATION
Authors: Das Kamanashis , Yasin Md. , Jahan Ishrak , Akter Tahira , Islam Saiful , Mia Md. Sagir
Published: July 2017

In order to prepare the sustained release tablet with levo-salbutamol sulphate we have used these excipients methylcellulose, PVPK30, magnesium stearate, talc, isopropyl alcohol, microcrystalline cellulose, lactose, HPMCK100, HPMCK4M. Here our approach was for making the sustained released matrix tablet by two ways, one is to make the tablet granules floating and the second one is by retarding the release of the levo-salbutamol sulphate from the matrix. We have already discussed the relationship with delaying the gastric transit time and the active drug absorption, if the tablet granules are floating in our introduction part. Since the above mentioned excipients are floating in nature so formulations with those excipients are supposed to be floating. We also showed a list of excipients those are used in the preparation of floating tablets. Now the second observation which was the release rate, among the three different formulations (mentioned in the introduction) we found different types of release. Since our objective is to prepare a sustained released tablet which will give a prolong release time, in that prospect two among the three formulations were disqualified (though we have not done the kinetic study). We observed desired effect in the formulation-2 during the preparation of experiment.
ANTINOCICEPTIVE, ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECTS AND SAFETY OF ZIZIPHUS MISTOL FRUITS
Authors: Reynoso M. A. , Daud A. , Belizán M. M. , Riera A. Sánchez , Vera N. R.
Published: July 2017

Ziziphus mistol Griseb. (Rhamnaceae), popularly known as “mistol,” is widely distributed throughout Perú, Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina. Its fruit is consumed in different forms in several argentinean communities and used against biliary colic, dysentery, cold stomach and diseases of the respiratory system characterized by pain and inflammation. The present study was carried out to investigate the medicinal properties and safety of Ziziphus mistol (mistol) fruits ethanol and aqueous extracts and arrope. Antinociceptive activity was assessed using the formalin, acetic acid-induced writhing and tail-ﬂick tests in rats. Anti-inﬂammatory effects were determined through carrageenan induced edema test and cotton pellet-induced granuloma formation, in rats. The safety was evaluated with test of acute toxicity (48 hours) and sub-chronic toxicity (91 days). All extracts (1,000 mg/kg b.w.) showed significant inhibition (P <0.05) in the three model of pain experimentally induced in comparison to control. In a combination test using naloxone, diminished analgesic activity of aqueous extract and arrope were observed, indicating that their antinociceptive activity is connected with the opioid receptors. At dose 1000 mg/kg bw, the aqueous extract and arrope showed higher anti-inflammatory activity than the ethanol extract, in carrageenan and cotton pellet granuloma model used. In the acute toxicity study, a single dose of 4000 and 8000 mg/kg b.w., produced no mortality and no clinical signs of disease were observed after 48 hours. In the sub-chronic toxicity study the extracts no caused significant visible signs of toxicity, nor mortality for 91 consecutive days of treatment. Extracts and arrope of Z. mistol fruits could be good source of antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory agents because of its good activity and safety.
PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND TLC PROFILE OF FRUITS AND FLOWERS OF ALSTONIA VENENATA R. BR.
Authors: SK Thomas , RE George , M Kunjumon , VI Thankamani
Published: July 2017

Alstonia venenata R. Br. belonging to the family Apocynaceae is a tall evergreen shrub distributed throughout Peninsular India. Stem-bark, root-bark, fruits and leaves are used by many tribal communities and also in Ayurveda. The study investigates the phytochemical composition of hexane, butanol, methanol and water extracts of Alstonia venenata fruits and flowers as well as the TLC profile of hexane extracts of fruits and flowers. Quantitative data of the wet and dry weight, yields from different solvent fractions and percentage yields were noted. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins and phenolic compounds from the various extracts. Alkaloids were present in all the fractions tested. Methanol extracts of fruits and flowers showed the presence of major phytoconstituents. TLC profile of hexane extracts of fruits and flowers were developed using anisaldehyde sulphuric acid/ceric sulphate (steroids/terpenoids) and Dragendorff’s spray reagents (alkaloids). Petroleum ether: Chloroform: Methanol (5: 4.5: 0.5) showed good resolution for the hexane extracts of fruit and flower when treated with Dragendorff’s spray reagent. Petroleum ether: Chloroform (1:1) was best for the hexane exacts of flowers and fruits when sprayed with ceric sulphate spray reagent.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF RP-HPLC METHOD FOR ZIPRASIDONE HYDROCHLORIDE MONOHYDRATE
Authors: Shirode Abhay R. , Nath Arpita P. , Kadam Vilasrao J.
Published: July 2017

A new isocratic simple and rapid reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method was developed and successively validated for the estimation of ziprasidone hydrochloride monohydrate (ZHM). In this newly developed method chromatographic separation of ZHM was achieved on a Hemochrom-Intertsil C18-5U column (250 × 4.6) mm within a short runtime of 6.5min using mobile phase containing HPLC grade water (pH adjusted to 3.0 with glacial acetic acid AR) and methanol in the ratio of 45:55% v/v. ZHM was estimated with UV detection at 317nm and it was found to be eluted at 4.8min. The above mentioned method was validated as per International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines with respect to accuracy, precision, linearity, lower limit of detection (LOD) and lower limit of quantitation (LOQ) and robustness. The method was found specific for ZHM and linear (r2 =0.998) over concentrations ranging from 2 to12μg/ml. The method was found statically accurate (mean recovery = 100.46%), precise with both intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviation (RSD) values < 1.0% and robust. The obtained results concluded that the proposed RP-HPLC method is convenient, reliable and useful in routine analysis for estimation of ZHM in its bulk form and dosage form.
THE USE OF VIRAL VECTORS IN GENE TRANSFER THERAPY
Authors: Dziaková A. , Valenčáková A. , Hatalová E. , Kalinová J.
Published: July 2017

Gene therapy is strategy based on using genes as pharmaceuticals. Gene therapy is a treatment that involves altering the genes inside body's cells to stop disease. Genes contain DNA- the code controlling body form and function. Genes that do not work properly can cause disease. Gene therapy replaces a faulty gene or adds a new gene in an attempt to cure disease or improve the ability of the body to fight disease. Gene therapy holds promise for treating a wide range of diseases, including cancer, cystic fibrosis, heart disease, diabetes, hemophilia and AIDS.  Various types of genetic material are used in gene therapy; double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), plasmid DNA and antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ASON). The success of gene therapy depends on assuring the entrance of the therapeutic gene to targeted cells without any form of biodegradation. Commonly used vectors in gene therapy are: adenoviruses (400 clinical studies; 23.8%), retroviruses (344 clinical studies; 20.5%), unenveloped/plasmid DNA (304 clinical studies, 17.7%), adeno-associated viruses (75 clinical studies; 4.5%) and others. In this paper, we have reviewed the major gene delivery vectors and recent improvements made in their design meant to overcome the issues that commonly arise with the use of gene therapy vectors.
COMPUTATIONAL STUDIES OF SYNTHETIC AND PLANT-DERIVED COMPOUNDS AGAINST CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE TARGETS
Authors: Jauhari N. , Gupta S. , Saxena S. , Bharadvaja N.
Published: July 2017

Knowledge of cardiovascular diseases and improved diagnostic capacity is rapidly expanding with the advancement of medical sciences. However, heart diseases are a challenge to human life. Few important therapeutic targets for cardiovascular diseases were collected from mining of various bibliographic sources. Different proteins and bioactive small molecules are taken into consideration for target search. From ancient times, medicinal plants are shown to have remedial effect on cardiovascular system of human body, yet their modes of action are not completely understood till now. Selected plant derivatives, which have been examined under in vitro conditions to be effective against various heart diseases, were subjected to molecular docking with proposed targets using a bioinformatics tool, Hex 8.0. We have explored eight targets for five types of cardiovascular diseases and ten different ligands from herbal plants with a brief description about the cardiovascular diseases, their symptoms, target, ligand, source of the ligand and their mechanism of action. All the reported synthetic and phytocompounds were found to have good binding energies with all potential disease targets. Among all, Forskolin is found to be the best inhibitor of Angiotensin II type I receptor with the E-score of -369.96 for Atherosclerosis.
FORMULATION, OPTIMIZATION AND IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF STAVUDINE GASTRO RETENTIVE FLOATING MATRIX TABLETS
Authors: Rupavath Mahendar , G Kranthi Kumar , Palem Chinna R , Patnaik K. S. K Rao
Published: July 2017

The aim of the present investigation was to develop floating matrix tablets of stavudine to achieve prolong gastric residence time, leading to an increase in drug bioavailability and patient compliance. Floating tablets were prepared by wet granulation technique, using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC K15M) as synthetic, pullulan gum as natural rate controlling polymers and optimum amounts of sodium-bicarbonate and citric acid as gas generating agents in suitable ratios to generate optimum buoyancy. Developed formulations were evaluated for weight variation, thickness, hardness, friability, drug content, in vitro drug release, floating lag time and floating buoyancy. All the formulations exhibited acceptable physical properties and the best formulation (F3) was selected based on in vitro characteristics. Further, the optimized formulation was evaluated for in vivo radiographic studies by incorporating BaSO4 as radio opaque substance. All the formulations were studied for in vitro drug release characteristics for 16 h. Optimized formulation showed controlled and prolonged drug release profiles while floating over the dissolution medium. Diffusion followed by erosion drug release mechanism was observed for the formulation, indicating that water diffusion and polymer erosion played an essential role in drug release. In vivo radiographic studies revealed that the tablets remained in the stomach for 8 ± 0.5 h in fasting human volunteers and indicated that gastric retention time was increased by the floating principle, which was considered and desirable for absorption window drugs.
COMPATIBILITY STUDIES OF ATORVASTATIN CALCIUM WITH SELECTED EXCIPIENTS BY MEANS OF THERMAL AND FT-IR SPECTROSCOPIC METHODS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF IMMEDIATE RELEASE TABLET
Authors: Nath Bipul , Roy Tushar Kanti
Published: July 2017

The objectives of present investigation is to evaluate the compatibility of Atorvastatin calcium with immediate release excipients and to optimize the tablet which release is best comparable with innovator product by varying different super disintegrants. Various excipients used were sodium starch glycollate, cross carmellose sodium, cross-povidone, lactose, micro crystalline cellulose, mannitol, sodium lauryl sulfate, magnesium stearate, and stearic acid. Thermal characterization of the drug was done by DSC and FT-IR. From the DSC studies, the excipients such as microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel 101), magnesium stearate, mannitol, sodium lauryl sulfate were found to have physical interactions with Atorvastatin. Immediate release tablet was prepared by direct compression method and its release profile was compared with the marketed IR tablet. The prepared tablet have conform the pharmacopoeial limit for hardness, thickness, friability, weight variation and content uniformity. Formulation F11 containing two super disintegrants have shown the disintegration time less than 25 sec and better dissolution than all other formulations releasing more than 80% of the drug after 20 minutes. Kinetic data reveals that the drug release follows best order by Higuchi model, followed by korsemeyer peppas, zero order and first order mechanisms. The results of accelerated stability studies as per ICH guidelines indicated that the tablet was stable as there were no any significant physical changes after the study.
LA NACIÓN RELIGIOSA: CUBA SEGÚN LA POÉTICA TELEOLÓGICA DE JOSÉ LEZAMA LIMA
Authors: Ramírez David Ricardo
Published: July 2017

‘Teleology’ is the word with which some criticism identifies José Lezama Lima’s effort to elaborate a national myth. The purpose of this paper is to present and discuss the polemic nature of this myth. In contrast with some political interpretations that see in this telos a myth of state, this text will show that the main content of this teleology is religious, and that it is so because makes emphasis on what Emmanuel Levinas called the face-to-face between humans.
THE SOCIAL DIMENSION OF SHAME IN CERVANTES’S LA FUERZA DE LA SANGRE
Authors: Carrera Elena
Published: July 2017

This article draws on Aristotle, Castiglione, Vives and Huarte to examine the representation of anticipatory and retrospective shame in Cervantes’s La fuerza de la sangre (1613) in relation to prevailing notions of honra and honestidad, which were underpinned by deeprooted preconceptions linking virtue to blood and lineage, and reputation to wealth. In analyzing the social and gender dimensions of early modern approaches to shame, the article seeks to shed new light on the existing critical debates on the verisimilitude and the exemplarity of this tale.
LA INVECTIVA APOLOGÉTICA DE HERNANDO DOMÍNGUEZ CAMARGO: UNA SÁTIRA A PROPÓSITO DE CIERTAS FORMAS DE POESÍA
Authors: Ochoa Roa Ana Carolina
Published: July 2017

The purpose of this article is to explain the Hernando Domínguez Camargo’s criticism of what he disapprove as poetic function by means of a meticulous examination of some moments of his Invectiva apologética.
La intimidad educativa coexistencial como validación del Holoser de los estudiantes
Authors: Alarcón Carvacho Patricio
Published: July 2017

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El artículo constituye una propuesta para abordar las negaciones del otro en el contexto educativo, especialmente las relacionadas con los abusos a estudiantes. Se postula la intimidad educativa coexistencial, como el camino de la potenciación y protección de las identidades de los estudiantes, en cada una de sus dimensiones: biológica, socioafectiva, axiológica y óntica.

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La educación de la juventud iberoamericana desde la perspectiva de la Pedagogía Social
Authors: Nájera Martinez Eusebio Manuel , Varela Crespo Laura
Published: July 2017

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La educación de los y las jóvenes constituye hoy una necesidad relevante para enfrentar la difícil  tarea de construir  la cuestión  juvenil  en el contexto iberoamericano. Eldocumento explora, desde un enfoque pedagógico-social, la situación de la población juvenil y las consecuencias que la pobreza y la falta de servicios de calidad tienen en su vida cotidiana. Además, como parte del desarrollo integral de los y las jóvenes, se identifca al ocio como un derecho humano que debe ser garantizado por las políticas públicas de cada país. Por último, se incide en los retos que la Pedagogía Social ha de afrontar para transitar hacia una educación orientada a las nuevas ciudadanías juveniles, integradas en un proyecto regional todavía inexistente en la actualidad.

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La dialéctica de la hegemonía y el problema pedagógico como praxis político-transformadora. Reflexiones desde Gramsci para América Latina
Authors: Ojeda Pizarro Paula Rossana , Cabaluz Ducasse Jorge Fabián
Published: July 2017

Con este artículo pretendemos aproximarnos a los aportes teórico-políticos articulados por Antonio Gramsci para analizar el problema pedagógico. A partir de un análisis histórico del concepto de hegemonía, bosquejamos reflexiones sobre los cuales articular un proyecto político-pedagógico contra-hegemónico. Así, creemos que al menos tres ejes constituyen la propuesta pedagógica gramsciana: la autoeducación popular, la concientización y la omnilateralidad. Todos los cuales parecen ser columnas vertebralesen las experiencias latinoamericanas de la pedagogía de la liberación y la educación popular.
Health Personnel Practices Regarding Hand Hygiene in the Delivery Room at the Middle Euphrates Teaching Hospitals
Authors: Abbas Wafa A K , Rashaan Muntahaa
Published: July 2017

Literatures proved that Hand hygiene is the most important and effective infection prevention and control measure to
prevent the spread of microorganisms causing HAIs and improving hand hygiene is consider a vital intervention to promote
optimum patient safety in delivery room. Aim of the study; This study conducted to assess hand hygiene practices of health
care personnel in the delivery room at the middle Euphrates teaching hospitals. Methods; A Descriptive qusi-expremental
research design begin in 20th February to 26th May 2016, Current study sample involve all midwives and physicians in the
delivery room (Total coverage.). Questionnaire used for data collection by interview forms and observational checklist was
obtain from the extensive review of relevant literature and related studies Data analyzed through utilize (SPSS) software
version (16) where, included descriptive analysis and inferential data analysis. The study conducted among 37 physicians
and 97 midwives working in the delivery room are females. The current study indicate that the overall evaluation for the
health staff practices regarding hand hygiene is fair at Karbala, Al-Najaf, Babylon and Diwaniah with high difference in
health staff practices regarding infection control precautions (hand hygiene) and the different studied governorates at pvalue
0.001. based on the finding of present study majority of health care personnel have fair applies related to hand hygiene
practices at different studied governorate hospitals. Updating practice of health care personnel through continuing inservice
educational programs. Regular inspection and follow-up from the ministry of health for assurances good hand
hygiene, the important of exist motivation system and punishment system to the neglected health care personnel.
Biochemical Profiles of Various Fresh Extracts of Gnaphalium polycaulon Pers
Authors: K. Shanmugapriya , Murugan T. , Tha Thayumanavan
Published: July 2017

Medicinal plants plays a significant role in the pharmaceutical industry. In present scenario, the need is to explore, identify
and utilize this new medicinal plant on one hand and, on the other, to help conserve the existing but threatened species of
rare medicinal plant.This present research work was carry out for the first time in South India to analyse and estimate the
biochemical profiles of various extracts of fresh parts of Gnaphalium polycaulon pers., plant. The biochemical composition
such as total carbohydrates, total proteins, total lipids, total phenols, cholesterol, total chlorophylls and reducing sugar,
sterols were estimated using the standard procedure in fresh plant material.The biochemical analysis of Gnaphalium
polycaulon plant showed the presence of various phytochemicals. The results of the present study supplement the usage of
the studied plant which possesses several bioactive compounds and used as food and also as medicine.The results of present
studies demonstrated that Gnaphalium polycaulon plant could be a sourceof valuable information and a guideline for the
scientists, researchers in India and also all over the world
Impact of Intercropping System on Yield and Quality of Lolium Multiflorum and Trigonella foenum-graecuml
Authors: Mahfouz S A , Mohamed M. , Atteya Amira , Ibrahim M.
Published: July 2017

Due to the ever increasing pressure on cultivated land the importance of intercropping in farming practices has been
recognized. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of intercropping ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum lam) with
fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.). For this purpose, a field experiment was arranged based on randomized
complete block design with three replications at the experimental farm of faculty of agriculture Cairo University at Giza,
Egypt during two seasons of 2015 and 2016. The experimental treatments were planting patterns (sole crop of rye or
fenugreek and intercropping ratios of 1 rye: 1 fenugreek, 2 rye: 1 fenugreek and 1 rye: 2 fenugreek). Results showed that
intercropping system had positive effects on ryegrass yield. Moreover, the planting ratio of 2 rye: 1 fenugreek gave the
maximum values of ryegrass fresh and dry yield in both cuts compared with the other treatments of the sole crop and the
other intercropping ratios in the first and second season, respectively. The application of sole crop had the highest fenugreek
fresh and dry yield and seed yield too in both seasons compared with other treatments, respectively. While, the maximum
significant levels of chemical contents (oil and protein percentage) of fenugreek seeds were found with the sole fenugreek
crop and the intercropping ratio of 1 rye: 2fenugreek, respectively as compared with the other treatments but the differences
between the fenugreek sole crop and the other studied intercropping system in the percentage of trigoniline were
insignificant in both seasons, respectively. The maximum significant values of competitive ratio (CR) and aggresivity (A)
for rye grass crop was found in the pattern ratio of 1rye: 2 fenugreek in both seasons, respectively. While the same situation
was recorded with fenugreek crop in the pattern ratio of 2 rye: 1 fenugreek in both seasons, respectively. The highest total
land equivalent ratio (LER) (3.08 and 2.98 for the first and second seasons, respectively) was obtained by sowing the crops
in the intercrop ratio of 2 rye: 1 fenugreek and the lowest total LER (2.57and 2.48 in both seasons, respectively) was
obtained by using the intercrop ratio of 1 rye: 1 fenugreek. In addition, all intercropping treatments in both seasons,
respectively gave values of LER for rye grass or fenugreek or both of them more than one. These findings suggest that
intercropping of fenugreek and ryegrass increased the total productivity per unit area.
Phycocyanin Decrease Trophoblast Il-17 Expression in Preeclamptic Rat Models
Authors: H. K. Gondo , H. Kusworini , W. Arsana , W. Sardjono
Published: July 2017

Preeclampsia/eclampsia (PEE) was the main cause of death in pregnancy. However, until now, this disease has no adequate
medical prevention for lack of its basic molecular pathomechanism. In recent years, there are growing number of study has
concern trophoblast apoptosis as important trigger. Thropoblast apoptosis has been shown in many report lead to
trophoblast failure to invade into endometrial tissue. Invasion failure of trophoblast was characterized with high expression
of IL-17 in its tissue. Spirulina arthrospira plant or also called blue-green algae has been consumed since by the Aztec
tribe. Several studies have proven that this plant have the immunomodulation properties stimulate various immune
functions such as production of cytokines, chemokines and other anti-inflammatory mediators. Its active bioactive
Phycocyanin (PC) has been shown have an effect as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. Previous study has been shown
that this substance has beneficial effect in preeclampsia inhibition in rat models via its inflammatory reducing effect
However, there are lack of information concerning its role in trophoblast IL-17. Hence, this study is conduct to reveal its
role in IL-17 expression in trophoblast in preeclampsia. Methods. This research used animal models with PE/E pregnant
rat. PE/E induced by IL-6 intravein at dose 5 ng/100 g/day body weight. Animals divided in 6 groups of treatment with
two groups control and four groups of PC treatment in different dose. After decapitated, uterus tissue processed to view
its IL-17 expression using immunofluoresnce Result. This study has proven IL-17 reducing effect of PC in preeclampsia
model of pregnant rats induced by IL -6. PC has reducing IL-17 expression significantly in trophoblast tissue of pregnant
rats models induced by IL-6 at dose of 40 ng/100 kg weight. Conclusion. This study confirm that PC has a protective
effect on pregnant rats preeclampsia through its inhibiton of trophoblast IL-17.
CÓMO INCORPORAR EL ENFOQUE DE GÉNERO E INTERCULTURALIDAD A LA CATEDRA DE HIGIENE Y SEGURIDAD OCUPACIONAL
Authors: Villao Borbor Jonny , Reyes Tomala Brenda , Portilla Lazo Carlos
Published: July 2017

Es de mucha importancia conocer que en el Ecuador, existen muchas etnias pero que lamentablemente no se las conoce por falta de difusión, es decir tenemos la multiculturalidad a la vista, pero necesitamos que  se la haga interactuar, y en este artículo se pretende dar a conocer que también en las universidades del país y en forma particular, en la Universidad Estatal Península de Santa Elena, existe un estudiantado de diferentes provincias, los mismos que vienen con sus propias costumbres y poco a poco van relacionándose y compartiendo sus vivencias con sus compañeros, esta actitud hace que se vayan contando entre ellos su cultura y sus costumbres. De la misma manera se pretende que haya la equidad de género, en las asignaturas que se están emitiendo, en la actualidad ya se puede apreciar la intervención de las damas al igual que los caballeros, dejando atrás ese concepto equivocado que porque es Ingeniería Civil no podían ingresar mujeres. Por otra parte la higiene y seguridad ocupacional ahora en la actualidad es indispensable aplicarla en la construcción y más aún es esencial hacerla conocer no solo en una ciudad sino en todos los lugares de nuestra patria y por ende difundirla a todas las etnias ecuatorianas. Se trata de convivir no de coexistir sin más, de establecer una lucha conjunta que permita construir espacios comunes que desarrollen proyectos de ciudades mejores para todos.
Liver Abscess: An Institutional Review at Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital
Authors: KC Hari Bahadur , Bhuju S , Dhakal R R , Timilsina D S
Published: July 2017

Background: Although liver abscess is a potentially life threatening disease, early diagnosis and prompt treatment has resulted good clinical outcome. The epidemiology and management of this condition have evolved over time.Objective: To study our experience in clinical characteristics and management of liver abscess in a tertiary hospital over a period of three years.Methods: The hospital records of all patients discharged with the diagnosis of liver abscess from September 2010 to March 2013 were reviewed. The demographics, clinical presentation, investigation tools, method of treatment and outcome were recorded and analyzed.Results: Total of 17 patients of liver abscess were admitted during this period, of which, 13 were pyogenic and four amebic. The median age was 50 (7 - 75) years with male to female ratio of 1.42 : 1. Age group 40 - 60 years was most commonly affected. Single lesions were found in 11 (64.7%) and multiple in six (35.3%) patients. The most common presentation was fever and abdominal pain/tenderness. Jaundice was seen in five (29.4%) patients and abnormal liver function test in 10 (58.8%) patients. Commonest route of infection among pyogenic liver abscess were through biliary tree pathology (Five patients) and via portal venous system (Three patients). Pus and blood culture were positive in six (46.15%) and four (30.76%) patients respectively, and E. coli was the commonest pathogen isolated. Patients were treated with anti-microbial therapy and interventional radiology techniques: Nine patients with percutaneous needle aspiration, four with percutaneous drainage. Antibiotics alone were sufficient in three patients and open surgical drainage was required in one patient. There was one case of mortality where the abscess was associated with diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: Liver abscess is a potentially life threatening disease and commonly associated with underlying gastrointestinal pathology. Adequate antibiotic coverage and image guided intervention is optimal first-line treatment with favorable outcome.Journal of Gandaki Medical CollegeVolume, 09, Number 2, July December  2016, Page: 7-12
Outcomes of Medical Education in Nepal
Authors: Reddy V. Devendar , Upadhayay N , Yadav SK , Subedi B
Published: July 2017

The standards of medical education in Nepal and other countries in Asia are improving gradually. The medical education is appeared to be student centered. But a teacher is also responsible to improve the academic standards and overall performance of the students. There is a need to provide short period of practical vocational training to teachers in the subject of their specialty. A better teacher trains the student in a better way than untrained medical personnel. In any class, the students are the best judges, so teachers should get a feedback from students after the class and it leads to better performance by a teacher in future classes.  Journal of Gandaki Medical CollegeVolume, 09, Number 2, July December  2016, Page: 63-64
Position of JMC Graduates: A Tracer Study
Authors: Sharma Dvilal
Published: July 2017

The linkage between demand and supply of graduates instill a great significance in any study of higher education. The increasing trend of graduates may ultimately make the job market highly competitive. Due to high competition in job market there are high options for employer searching for new recruitment. To the best of study team, limited research has been carried out in higher education and none of the empirical studies have been found with regard to the absorption of the graduates in the job markets. Much of the studies discussed only challenges and policy intervention part. With this context, the status of graduates of JMC (a QAA Certified Institution) needs to be identified. It is widely believed that JMC has helped in building a nucleus of professionals in the related filed in Nepal and abroad. Though up-to-date information regarding the placement of JMC graduates is not available, it can be assumed that the graduates from JMC have been working in the various positions in the field of service, manufacturing, academia, and NGO/INGOs sectors in reputed and well established national and international organizations in the country and abroad. The main objective of this study is to trace out the students who have graduated from JMC as of 2009 to 2013 in various streams such as BBS, BBA, BA, B Sc and B Ed. The survey instrument was adapted from a questionnaire drafted by University Grants Commission Nepal, and it was slightly modified in its layout for the ease of handling. The questionnaire included both close-ended and opened questions. The expansion of higher education has increased the number of graduates entering into job market in Nepal and abroad. Graduates have felt easy to get enrollment in job market after attaining academic program in this campus. Graduates get insight in skills; attitude and knowledge for their job performance as well as improved work efficiency and communication skills after proceeding from this campus. Similarly the graduates have been able to improve their information technology skills and team spirit from the academic program offered by the campus. Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, Vol. III (December 2014), Page: 23-33
Fertility Differential Among Lower Caste in Lamachaur VDC, Kaski
Authors: Gautam Kedar Raj , Paudel Pramila
Published: July 2017

Fertility measures the rate of which a population adds to itself by births and is normally assessed by relating the number of births to the size of some section of population. It has been observed that the levels and patterns of fertility vary considerably in various sub groups of the same population in terms of educational attainment, occupation, age at marriage, contraception user etc. This study, therefore, attempts to study of fertility differential among lower caste people. This study is based on descriptive cum analytical research design. Every household of Dalit community in ward no 6, 7 and 8 of Lamachaur VDC are included in the study with a sample population of 85eligible women aged 15-49 years from 85 households. Fertility differential among lower caste people shows that most of the respondents were in the age group of 36-49 and then followed by age group 26-35 and 15-25. Higher fertility is concentrated in the age at marriage from 16 to 19 as compare to other groups of age at marriage. Literate respondents have low fertility as compared to illiterate respondents. Working respondents have high fertility as compared to non-working respondents. The users of contraception have high fertility as compared to non-users of contraception.But, there is no significant relationship between fertility and age of women, age at marriage, literacy status, occupation and users of contraception as measured by chi-square test. It is better to make women literate and to marry at the age after 19 to reduce fertility.Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, Vol. III (December 2014), page: 47-53
नारीवाद र तिन घुम्ती उपन्यासमा नारीवादी चिन्तन (Narivad ra Tin Ghumti Upanyasma Narivadi Chintan)
Authors: Adhikari अधिकारी Laxmisharan लक्ष्मीशरण
Published: July 2017

Not Available.Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, Vol. III (December 2014), Page: 62-72
बहुभाषिक कक्षामा नेपाली शिक्षण: समस्या र समाधान (Bahubhashik Kakshyama Nepali Shikshan: Samasya ra Samadhan)
Authors: शर्मा Saharma बिष्णु Bishnu प्रसाद Prasad
Published: July 2017

प्रस्तुत लेख बहुभाषिक कक्षामा नेपाली भाषा शिक्षण गर्दा आइपर्ने समस्या र समाधानमा केन्द्रित छ । यसका लागि पुस्तकालयीय विधिबाट द्वितीय स्रोतका सामग्री सङ्कलन गरी तिनको अध्ययन विश्लेषणका साथ निष्कर्षमा पुग्ने प्रयास गरिएको छ । विविध मातृभाषी भएका विद्यार्थीहरूको कक्षा बहुभाषिक कक्षा हो । नेपाल बहुभाषी र बहुजाति मुलुक भएका कारण नेपालका ग्रामीणभन्दा सहरी क्षेत्रमा बहुभाषिक कक्षा बढी देखिन्छन् । यस्तो कक्षामा नेपाली भाषा शिक्षण चुनौतीपूर्ण हुन्छ । नेपाली भाषाको भाषिक वातावरण प्राप्त नगरेका विद्यार्थीहरूमा सम्प्रेषणीयताको अभाव हुनु, कक्षामा शिक्षकले प्रयोग गर्ने नेपाली भाषा कसैका लागि अति सरल र कसैका लागि कठिन अनुभव हुनु, सबै विद्यार्थीको मातृभाषासम्म शिक्षकको पहुँच नहुनु जस्ता समस्या बहुभाषिक कक्षामा नेपाली शिक्षण गर्दा आइपर्छन् भने भाषिक पृष्ठभूमि र क्षमताका आधारमा विद्यार्थीलाई वर्गीकरण गरी सोही अनुसारका शिक्षण सामग्री, विधि तथा पाठ्यवस्तु प्रयोगका साथ उत्प्रेरणा र सबलीकरणका माध्यमबाट बहुभाषिक कक्षामा नेपाली शिक्षणलाई प्रभावकारी बनाउन सकिन्छ ।Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, Vol. III (December 2014), Page:95-98
Can You Grow Grain in Jumla?
Authors: Shankar Pathiyil Ravi
Published: July 2017

Not Available.MED Phoenix Volume (1), Issue (1) July 2016, page: 47-48
Synthesis of 1,2,4-triazole-3-selenones via three-component reaction between benzohydrazide, potassium selenocyanate and acyl chlorides under solvent-free conditions
Authors: Zhiani Rahele
Published: July 2017

A green and efficient synthesis of 1,2,4-triazole-3-selenones has been achieved via a three-component, one-pot condensation of benzohydrazide, potassium selenocyanate and acyl chlorides under solvent-free conditions at ambient temperature with good yields.
Fourniers Gangrene: Approaches to the Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Ashrafuzzaman Md , Bhattacharjee Avisak , Rahman Mahbubur
Published: July 2017

Background: Fourniers gangrene is a rare, rapidly progressive, necrotizing fasciitis of the external genitalia and perineum.Objective: The main aim of this study was to observe comprehensively the disease profile of Fourniers gangrene, with a specific intent to observe the proportion of patient presenting with Fourniers gangrene.Materials and method: This cross sectional study was done in Sir Salimullah Medical College & Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. By purposive sampling from the admitted patients of department of Surgery 22 patients were finalized according to the eligibility criteria. Patients were thoroughly evaluated and managed and all relevant data were recorded. Data were managed, edited and plotted in tabular and figure form. Data analysis was done by chi square test. p value was significant at <0.05.Results: The mean ±SD age of the patients was 43.9±14.82 years. Among the study subjects 68.2% showed insidious onset whereas remaining showed abrupt onset. Both cutaneous and anorectal factors claimed the highest (36.4%) of etiology. Pain and Oedema were the prime manifestation. In 59% cases testes were not exposed. In 36.4% cases only scrotum was involved whereas in 22.7% cases both scrotum and perineum were involved. After provision of aggressive treatment in 72.7% cases no complication was observed. During treatment 9.1% subjects expired.Conclusion: Elderly and low economic profile people are frequently affected with Fourniers gangrene. To reduce the significant morbidity and mortality aggressive medical and surgical management is mandatory.Delta Med Col J. Jul 2017 5(2): 68-75
Child Care Practice of Mother of below Five Years Children in a Selected Semi Urban Area of Bangladesh
Authors: Akther Nasreen , Begum Meherunnessa , Farah Shayela , Begum Nadia , Lata Nargis Momotaz , Sabnom Rokshana
Published: July 2017

Background: Early childhood care plays an important role in childrens development and provides a valuable support to young children. High quality child care can have a positive influence on childrens development.Objective: To find out the child care practices among the mothers of below five year children in a semi urban area of Bangladesh and to find its association with some important demographic variables.Materials and method: This descriptive type of cross-sectional study was conducted among 440 respondents who were selected purposively at Purba Chandra, Shafipur Upazilla, Gazipur in Bangladesh in January, 2016. A pre-designed semi structured questionnaire was used to collect data by face to face interview.Results: Majority of the respondents (72.05%) were within the age group of 16-25 years. About 25% (111) children were within 0-12 months of age. Among the respondents 280 (63.64%) were housewives and 141 (32.05%) were garment workers. Maximum mother (72.73%) herself took care of their children and only 86 (19.54%) were cared by their grandmother/father. Majority of the children (87.05%) took colostrum as their first food, 164 (37.27%) children were breast fed up to age of 13-24 months and 302 (68.64%) children received exclusive breast feeding up to 6 months. Most of the children (92.95%) were vaccinated as per EPI schedule. Among them 283 (64.32%) children suffered from disease in last 3 months and 225 (79.51%) took treatment for their illness. Among them 83 (36.89%) took treatment from quack and only 76 (33.78%) children took treatment from private doctor.Conclusion: In this study, most of the mothers did not complete their secondary education and had a lack of knowledge of child rearing practice. This study provided a vivid picture of the child care practice among mothers and could help to the concerned authority in their policy making and planning to alleviate the problem.Delta Med Col J. Jul 2017 5(2): 76-82
Suicidal Death due to Hanging
Authors: Begum Asma , Khan Nashid Tabasum , Shafiuzzaman AKM , Shahid Farhana , Anam AM Ashraful , Ahmed Khan Shakil , Begum Rowson Ara , Fahmi Soniya
Published: July 2017

Background: Hanging is always suicidal unless otherwise proved. It is a form of violent asphyxial death. It produces painless death for the victims so that it is a widely practiced method of suicide. In Bangladesh hanging is one of the commonest methods of suicide.Objective: The objective of this study was to find out socio-demographic characteristics of victims, common ligature materials used by victims and post-mortem findings.Materials and method: A retrospective cross sectional study was done in Dhaka Medical College Mortuary during the period of January 2009 to January 2010. During this period data were collected from 2133 cases of medicolegal autopsies by purposive sampling.Results: A total of 2133 medicolegal autopsies were analyzed of which 78 (3.65%) were deaths due to hanging. Out of these 78 cases maximum 37 (47.44%) deaths due to hanging were in the age group of 21-30 years. Majority of the cases (48; 61.54%) were observed in females. Majority (32; 41.03%) of victims had used Dopatta (orna) as a ligature material. Cyanosis of fingertips and nail beds was the commonest (75; 96.15%) findings in cases of asphyxial death due to hanging.Conclusion: Suicidal hanging is observed in this study mostly within the young age group ranging from 21-30 yrs. So, awareness at the level of family and community should be raised to improve personal and social relation in every sphere. The factors provoking an individual for an attempt to suicide should also be investigated for its prevention.Delta Med Col J. Jul 2017 5(2): 89-93
A Case Report: Symptomatic Sacral Tarlov Cyst in a Male of 24 Years
Authors: Ullah Quadrat A Eahsan , Hussain Muhammad Awlad , Sayed Abu , Quader Mohammad Abdul
Published: July 2017

Perineural (Tarlov) cyst, a rare but benign condition, is meningeal dilatations of the posterior spinal nerve root sheath that most often affects sacral roots and can cause a progressive painful radiculopathy. Tarlov cysts are most commonly diagnosed by lumbosacral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and can often be demonstrated by computerized tomography (CT) to communicate with the spinal subarachnoid space. The cyst can enlarge via a net inflow of cerebrospinal fluid, eventually causing symptoms by distorting, compressing, or stretching adjacent nerve roots. It is generally agreed that asymptomatic Tarlov cysts do not require treatment. When symptomatic, the potential surgery-related benefit and the specific surgical intervention remain controversial. A 24 years old male presented with a history of trauma and pain in his low back with dull headache for six months. Physical and radiographic examination was consistent with tarlov cyst. Microsurgical excision with plication of the cyst wall was performed. Histo-pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of Tarlov cyst. Excellent clinical and functional results were obtained with no recurrence after 6 months of follow-up. Tarlov cyst in a male of age 24 is a rare entity and decision making for management poses difficulties. Our experience with microsurgical excision with plication of the cyst wall was quite satisfactory with excellent clinical result, and we recommend this as one of the satisfactory modalities of treatment of Tarlov cyst in adult.Delta Med Col J. Jul 2017 5(2): 99-103
Talk of the Town - Chikungunya
Authors: Rahman Md Rezwanur
Published: July 2017

Abstract not availableDelta Med Col J. Jul 2017 5(2): 54-56
Fostering Personal Power During Change
Authors: Jones-Schenk Jan
Published: July 2017

Managing change is a regular part of the role of professional development leaders. This overview of a model for change management includes the review of a tool leaders can use with their teams for understanding, discussing, and reflecting on change. Kotter's change model emphasizes the importance of personal empowerment within the process. Effective change agents recognize the value of diverse teams, different ways of thinking, and the transformative nature of change.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2017;48(8):343–344