bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF CONCENTRATIVE MEDITATION ON REACTION ABILITY
Authors:   Department of Physical Education K.R.T.T College, Mathura., Singh Bagga Kulvinder
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of meditation on reaction ability. Meditation is a practice in which an individual trains the mind or induces a mode of consciousness, either to realize some benefit or as an end in itself. Psychomotor abilities were always considered to be the foundation for technical skill and tactical ability in any given sports. Despite its popularity, little is known about the neural mechanisms by which meditation works, several electroencephalogram (EEG) studies have reported changes in spectral and frequency analysis during meditation inspired by techniques that focus on concentration. FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) was used to analysis investigate the composition of an EEG signal. Since the FFT transforms a signal from the time domain into the frequency domain, frequency distributions of the EEG was observed. With this understanding this research study was conceptualized to investigate effect of concentrative meditation on reaction ability. Fifty students were randomly selected as the subjects for the study. The age of the subjects ranged from 21 to 30 years. The subjects were assigned at random to experimental and control group each group consisting of twenty five students. The study was conducted for a period of eight weeks. The study examined EEG changes during meditation. The investigational paradigm involved 15-20 minutes of meditation, where the subjects were asked to close their eyes and adopt their normal meditation. Two groups comprising of twenty five subjects each were formed i.e. experimental Group and control group. The experimental group was given meditation in the morning session time and no meditational training was given to control group. Each subject of Experimental group was learning concentrative Meditation. Electroencephalogram (EEG) and psychomotor variables used to collect the data before and after meditational training to measure the effect of meditation. These results suggest that meditation provides no improvement in reaction ability. EEG findings from this study suggest that concentrative meditation techniques improves theta and alpha EEG patterns significantly. Key Words: Reaction Ability, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Electroencephalogram.
MEDICAL MANAGEMENT OF OCULAR SARCOIDOSIS
Authors:   Junior Resident, Department Of Ophthalmology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Aurangabad., Y. Jumle Ruchika , G. Choudhary Kashinath ,   Head of Department, Department of Ophthalmology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Aurangabad., C. Ghonsikar Shubha ,   Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Aurangabad.
Published: March 2023

Sarcoidosis is one of the leading causes of inflammatory eye disease. Ocular sarcoidosis can involve any part of the eye and its adnexal tissues, and may cause uveitis, episcleritis/scleritis, eyelid abnormalities, conjunctival granuloma, optic neuropathy, lacrimal gland enlargement and orbital inflammation. Glaucoma and cataract can be complications from inflammation itself or adverse effects from therapy. Ophthalmic manifestations can be isolated, or associated with other organ involvement. Patients with ocular sarcoidosis can present with a wide range of clinical presentations and severity. Multi-disciplinary approaches are required to achieve the best treatment outcomes for both ocular and systemic manifestations.
PARAGANGLIOMA OF NECK IN MIDDLE AGED MALE: A CASE REPORT
Authors:   Senior Resident, Department Of Ent, Bundelkhand Medical College & Hospital, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh., Singh Ambalika , Narang Shivam ,   PG Resident.,   Department Of Ent, Index Medical College Hospital & Research Center, Indore, Madhya Pradesh.
Published: March 2023

Aim: To present a rare case of Paraganglioma of neck in an adult. Introduction: Paragangliomas of the head and neck represent rare benign tumors of neural crest origin that comprises of <0.5% of all head and neck tumors. A schwannoma, also referred to as neurilemmoma, is relatively uncommon slowly growing benign lesion which originates from peripheral neural sheath of any myelinated nerve. Parapharyngeal space tumours are very rare and account for only 1 % of all head and neck tumours. The clinical presentation of schwannoma varies with the anatomical area involved. Surgical excision has been the treatment of choice and recurrence is very rare. Methodology: A 24-year, male presented in ENT OPD with the complaints of swelling on the right side of neck since 2 years. On Examination, the patient had a swelling on right side of neck, extending from angle of mandible upto supraclavicular region, 10 x 6 cm in size, ovoid in shape, non-tender, smooth surface, well defined rounded margins & firm in consistency. On CECT Neck, a well circumscribed hypodense mass with poor enhancement not invading surrounding tissue was seen. On MRI-NECK study, a well-defined heterogenous mass on the right-side posterior to carotid vessels, suggestive of neoplastic lesion, mostly neurogenic stroma. Results: Surgical excision of swelling approximately 9 X 6 cm was performed under general anaesthesia. Conclusions: Schwannoma of the parapharyngeal tumor, should be included in the differential diagnosis of well circumscribed neck mass MRI &CT are highly informative and definitive diagnosis requires histopathological evaluation. From the literature review and experience in our patient, we conclude that in early-stage Cervical paraganglioma with a low risk of surgical complications, primary resection for cure is recommended.
ASSESSMENT OF HEALTH AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS IN CHILDREN OF AGE 2- 8 YEARS IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS AND ANGANWADI CENTERS IN ATHMAKUR VILLAGE, GUNTUR DISTRICT- A CROSS SECTIONAL OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Authors:   Department of Pharmacy Practice, Nirmala College of Pharmacy, Mangalagiri, Andhra Pradesh, India., Bindu Madhavi CH. , R. Pietychristiana ,   Department of Pharmacy Practice, Nirmala College of Pharmacy, Mangalagiri, Andhra Pradesh, India., Sony M. ,   Department of Pharmacy Practice, Nirmala College of Pharmacy, Mangalagiri, Andhra Pradesh, India., Anusha R. ,   Department of Pharmacy Practice, Nirmala College of Pharmacy, Mangalagiri, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Malnutrition is a nutritional disorder which occurs due to the imbalance of nutrients. This has become a major concern in developing countries like India. Early detection of malnutrition helps in prevention of mortality of children. Methodlogy: The purpose of this study was to determine whether children are aware of their nutritional condition among the age groups of2- 8 years studying in Nirmala Institutions and government schools in Atmakur village, Mangalagiri, Guntur district, India. A questionnaire was given to the parents. Z test is used to categorize the students. 607 students were enrolled for this study and correlation is used to get the r value. Results: Of all children taken for the study of prevalence of malnutrition, 607 children of either gender were included. Out of 607 children (54.36%) are male and (45.63%) are female students. Out of which 26.52% are at 3-4 years, 27.18% children are at 4-5 years, 10.21% children are at 5-6 years,25.04% are at 6-7 years, 11.03% children are at 7-8 years of age. Conclusion:Malnutrition has a significant negative impact on a childs physical and mental development. In India, malnutrition is the primary cause of death among children. Early diagnosis of acute malnutrition with MUAC tape can be beneficial in children aged 6-59 months, although MUAC could only identify a small number of children as undernourished when compared to the W/H index.
ESSENTIAL THROMBOCYTOSIS: A RARE CAUSE OF PRIMARY &SECONDARY POSTPARTUM HEMORRHAGE
Authors:   Specialist Obstetric and Gynecology, MD Ain Shams University Obstetric and Gynecology Specialist in Prime Hospital DHA., Saad Hassanin Ebtessam , Siddique Saadia ,   Specialist Obstetrics and Gynecology, MRCOG,FCPS,MCPS,MBBS,HOD of Obstetric and Gynecology Hatta Hospital DHA.
Published: March 2023

Essential Thrombocytosis (ET) is a myeloproliferative disorder of platelet line, which causes thrombosis and hemorrhage and this risk increases in pregnancy for both fetus and mother. We report a case of ET in which pregnancy outcome was good but patient had secondary postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). Increase monitoring and early recourse to intervention and treatment is required in these patients.
Impact of person-environment fit on innovative work behavior: Mediating role of work engagement
Authors: Bhattarai Ganesh , Bahadur Budhathoki Prem
Published: March 2023

Organizations must cope with the current business demands and strive for a competitive advantage. Apart from many measures to enhance competitive advantage, employees’ innovative work behavior is instrumental. Hence, this study aims to measure the contribution of person-environment fit (person-job fit and person-organization fit) on innovative work behavior directly and indirectly through creating work engagement. Cross-sectional perceptual data were collected through surveys from the employees working in humanitarian non-profit organizations in Nepal. After ensuring the goodness of fit index, 499 responses were analyzed in the structural equation model showing path analysis with the help of AMOS. The conservation of resource theory was a foundation to test and analyze the hypotheses adopting positivist research philosophy and deductive reasoning approach. Regression analysis revealed a positive effect of person-job fit (B = .23, p < .001) and person-organization fit (B = .20, p < .001) on employees’ innovative work behavior. Work engagement mediated the influence of person-job fit and person-organization fit on innovative work behavior. Out of the total effect size of employees’ compatibility on innovative work behavior, 30% effect size of person-job fit and 23% effect size of person-organizational fit on innovative work behavior went through work engagement.
Toxocara Canis Increases the Potential of Breast Cancer by
Reducing the Expression of the P53 Protein
Authors: Kazemi Forough , Moradi-Sardareh Hemen , Arjmand Reza , Tavalla Mehdi , Amari Afshin , Cheraghian Bahman
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

Breast cancer is considered the most frequent type of cancer
in women with high mortality worldwide, and most importantly, it is the second most
common cancer. However, some breast cancer-related risk factors remain unknown.
So, the current study was designed to evaluate the effect of Toxocara canis on the
biomarkers correlated with proliferation, apoptosis, inflammation, and angiogenesis in
4T1 tumor-bearing mice infected with Toxocara canis for the first time.

Methods:

Mice were categorized into four groups: A) control, B) treated with 4T1+
Toxocara canis, C) treated with Toxocara canis, and D) treated with 4T1. The expression
of Ki-67 and P53 was then evaluated by using the immunohistochemical technique.
In addition, the levels of transforming growth factor-β, Interferon gamma-γ, Interleukin
10, tumor necrosis factor-α and vascular endothelial growth factor as well as
anti-Toxocara canis IgG were determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay method.

Results:

The expression of Ki-67 was significantly increased in the 4T1+ Toxocara
canis group than control and Toxocara canis groups (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively).
Moreover, a significant decrease in P53 was found in the 4T1+ Toxocara canis
group than in the control and Toxocara canis groups (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively).
Also, the 4T1+ Toxocara canis group significantly reduced the expression of
P53 more than 4T1 tumor-bearing mice (P = 0.005). In addition, the 4T1+ Toxocara
canis group had an increasing tumor necrosis factor-α and vascular endothelial growth
factor than controls (P = 0.004 and P = 0.002, respectively). Furthermore, a significant
reduction in Interleukin 10 was found in the 4T1+ Toxocara canis group than in the
control group (P = 0.004).

Conclusion:

Our findings showed that Toxocara canis could probably increase the
potential of breast cancer by reducing P53 in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice infected with
Toxocara canis more than other groups.
Baicalein Alleviates Arsenic-induced Oxidative Stress through
Activation of the Keap1/Nrf2 Signalling Pathway in Normal Human
Liver Cells
Authors: Wang Qi , Zhang Aihua
Published: March 2023

Background:

Oxidative stress is a key mechanism underlying arsenicinduced
liver injury, the Kelch-like epichlorohydrin-related protein 1 (Keap1)/nuclear
factor E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway is the main regulatory pathway involved in
antioxidant protein and phase II detoxification enzyme expression. The aim of the present
study was to investigate the role and mechanism of baicalein in the alleviation of
arsenic-induced oxidative stress in normal human liver cells.

Methods:

Normal human liver cells (MIHA cells) were treated with NaAsO2 (0, 5, 10,
20 μM) to observe the effect of different doses of NaAsO2 on MIHA cells. In addition,
the cells were treated with DMSO (0.1%), NaAsO2 (20 μM), or a combination of
NaAsO2 (20 μM) and Baicalein (25, 50 or 100 μM) for 24 h to observe the antagonistic
effect of Baicalein on NaAsO2. Cell viability was determined using a Cell Counting Kit-
8 (CCK-8 kit). The intervention doses of baicalein in subsequent experiments were
determined to be 25, 50 and 100μM. The intracellular content of reactive oxygen species
(ROS) was assessed using a 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFHDA)
probe kit. The malonaldehyde (MDA), Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu-Zn SOD)
and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were determined by a test kit. The expression
levels of key genes and proteins were determined by real-time fluorescence
quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blotting.

Results:

Baicalein upregulated the protein expression levels of phosphorylated Nrf2
(p-Nrf2) and nuclear Nrf2, inhibited the downregulation of Nrf2 target genes induced by
arsenic, and decreased the production of ROS and MDA. These results demonstrate
that baicalein promotes Nrf2 nuclear translocation by upregulating p-Nrf2 and inhibiting
the downregulation of Nrf2 target genes in arsenic-treated MIHA cells, thereby enhancing
the antioxidant capacity of cells and reducing oxidative stress.

Conclusion:

Baicalein alleviated arsenic-induced oxidative stress through activation
of the Keap1/Nrf2 signalling pathway in normal human liver cells.
Propolis: Antineoplastic Activity, Constituents, and Mechanisms of Action
Authors: Ruiz-Bustos Patricia , Alday Efrain , Garibay-Escobar Adriana , Sforcin José Maurício , Lipovka Yulia , Hernandez Javier , Velazquez Carlos
Published: March 2023

Propolis is a beehive product with great pharmacological potential, including antineo-plastic activity.

Objective:

The aim of this study is to provide an actual understanding of the existent scientific in-formation regarding the antiproliferative effect of propolis, proposed mechanisms of action, and challenges to meet.

Methods:

An assessment of the scientific literature was attained using the PubMed and SciFinder platforms. Research papers, clinical trials, and reviews published between the years 2000 - 2021, were considered. The words “anticancer”, “antitumor”, “antiproliferative” and “propolis” were used in the search criteria.

Conclusion:

A summary of several antiproliferative activities of different types of propolis is ex-posed. The potential health benefits of propolis are discussed. The variable plant origin of propolis partially accounts for its anti-cancer activities. Even when some mechanisms of action of propolis have been proposed, much of the genesis of how this effect is produced is yet to be answered, including several molecular mechanisms in different biological systems.
Real-World Effectiveness of Cladribine for Patients with Multiple
Sclerosis: A Sicilian Multicentric Experience (Rewind Study)
Authors: Arena Sebastiano , Chisari Clara Grazia , Toscano Simona , Bucello Sebastiano , Grimaldi Luigi Maria , Ragonese Paolo , Realmuto Sabrina , Cottone Salvatore , Maimone Davide , Finocchiaro Chiara , Reitano Paola , Patti Francesco
Published: March 2023

Background:

Cladribine tablets are a highly effective option for the treatment of relapsingremitting
multiple sclerosis (RRMS).

Objective:

The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of cladribine in a real-world setting.

Methods:

This prospective real-world study consecutively screened all RRMS patients from seven different
MS centers in Sicily (Italy) who completed the 2-year treatment course of cladribine tablets in
the period between 11th March 2019 and 31st October 2021. Data about Expanded Disability Status
Scale (EDSS), relapses, previous treatments, adverse events (AEs) and magnetic resonance imaging
(MRI) were collected. Patients who were previously treated with other DMTs were further stratified
into moderately active treatment (MAT) and highly active treatment (HAT) patients.

Results:

A total of 217 patients (70% women, with a mean age of 38.4 ± 11.3 years) were enrolled.
Fifty patients (23.0%) were naïve to treatment and 167 (77%) switched from other disease modifying
therapies. After the second year of treatment, about 80% were EDSS progression free, 88% remained
relapse-free at T24, and 48% of patients were MRI activity-free. Kaplan Meier analyses showed significant
differences between MT and HAT in terms of time to first clinical relapse (HR: 2.43, IC 1.02-
5.76; p = 0.04), time to the first new T1-gadolinium enhancing lesion (HR: 3.43, IC 1.35-8.70;
p = 0.009) and time to MRI worsening (HR: 2.42, IC 1.15-5.09; p = 0.02).

Conclusion:

This study confirmed that cladribine is an effective treatment for MS, particularly in
naïve patients and those who have switched from MATs.
Update on Cannabidiol Clinical Toxicity and Adverse Effects: A
Systematic Review
Authors: Madeo Graziella , Kapoor Ashita , Giorgetti Raffaele , Busardò Francesco Paolo , Carlier Jeremy
Published: March 2023

Background:

Compelling evidence from preclinical and clinical studies supports the therapeutic
role of cannabidiol (CBD) in several medical disorders. We reviewed the scientific evidence on
CBD-related toxicity and adverse events (AEs) in 2019, at the beginning of the spike in clinical studies
involving CBD. However, CBD safety remained uncertain.

Objective:

With the benefit of hindsight, we aimed to provide an update on CBD-related toxicity and
AEs in humans.

Methods:

A systematic literature search was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. PubMed,
Cochrane, and Embase were accessed in October 2022 to identify clinical studies mentioning CBDrelated
toxicity/AEs from February 2019 to September 2022. Study design, population characteristics,
CBD doses, treatment duration, co-medications, and AEs were compiled.

Results:

A total of 51 reports were included. Most studies investigated CBD efficacy and safety in neurological
conditions, such as treatment-resistant epilepsies, although a growing number of studies are focusing
on specific psychopathological conditions, such as substance use disorders, chronic psychosis, and
anxiety. Most studies report mild or moderate severity of AEs. The most common AEs are diarrhea,
somnolence, sedation, and upper respiratory disturbances. Few serious AEs have been reported, especially
when CBD is co-administered with other classes of drugs, such as clobazam and valproate.

Conclusions:

Clinical data suggest that CBD is well tolerated and associated with few serious AEs at
therapeutic doses both in children and adults. However, interactions with other medications should be
monitored carefully. Additional data are needed to investigate CBD's long-term efficacy and safety,
and CBD use in medical conditions other than epilepsy syndromes.
The Translational Future of Stress Neurobiology and Psychosis
Vulnerability: A Review of the Evidence
Authors: Cullen Alexis E. , Labad Javier , Oliver Dominic , Al-Diwani Adam , Minichino Amedeo , Fusar-Poli Paolo
Published: March 2023

Psychosocial stress is a well-established risk factor for psychosis, yet the neurobiological
mechanisms underlying this relationship have yet to be fully elucidated. Much of the research in this
field has investigated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function and immuno-inflammatory
processes among individuals with established psychotic disorders. However, as such studies are limited
in their ability to provide knowledge that can be used to develop preventative interventions, it is
important to shift the focus to individuals with increased vulnerability for psychosis (i.e., high-risk
groups). In the present article, we provide an overview of the current methods for identifying individuals
at high-risk for psychosis and review the psychosocial stressors that have been most consistently
associated with psychosis risk. We then describe a network of interacting physiological systems that
are hypothesised to mediate the relationship between psychosocial stress and the manifestation of psychotic
illness and critically review evidence that abnormalities within these systems characterise highrisk
populations. We found that studies of high-risk groups have yielded highly variable findings, likely
due to (i) the heterogeneity both within and across high-risk samples, (ii) the diversity of psychosocial
stressors implicated in psychosis, and (iii) that most studies examine single markers of isolated
neurobiological systems. We propose that to move the field forward, we require well-designed, largescale
translational studies that integrate multi-domain, putative stress-related biomarkers to determine
their prognostic value in high-risk samples. We advocate that such investigations are highly warranted,
given that psychosocial stress is undoubtedly a relevant risk factor for psychotic disorders.
Genotoxicity and Anticancer Effects of the Aminothiophene Derivatives SB-44, SB-
83, and SB-200 in Cancer Cells
Authors: da Silva Eduardo Davi Lima , dos Santos Flaviana Alves , de Oliveira Júlia Teixeira , dos Santos Fabio Vieira , Junior Francisco Jaime Bezerra Mendonça , do Carmo Alves de Lima Maria , da Rocha Pitta Maira Galdino , de Jesus de Melo Rego Moacyr Barreto , Pereira Michelly Cristiny
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

Thiophene derivatives have been widely studied as promising options for the treatment of
solid tumors. Previous studies have shown that thiophene derivatives have antileishmanial activity and cytotoxic activity
against breast, colon, and ovarian cancer cells.

Methods:

In our study, we evaluated the anticancer activities of three aminothiophene derivatives: SB-44, SB-83, and
SB-200, in prostate and cervical adenocarcinoma cells. Several in vitro methods were performed, including cytotoxicity,
clonogenic migration, mutagenic, and cleaved Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) assays and annexin V staining.

Results:

Significant cytotoxicity was observed in cell lines with IC50 values less than 35 μM (15.38-34.04 μM). All
aminothiophene derivatives significantly reduced clone formation but had no effect on cell motility. SB-83 and SB-44
induced a significant increase in the percentage of cells in the sub-G1 phase, while SB-200 derivatives significantly
decreased the percentage of S/G2/M as well as induced apoptosis, with an increase of cleaved PARP. SBs compounds
also showed significant mutagenic potential. Beyond that, in silico analyses revealed that all three thiophene derivatives
fulfilled the criteria for oral druggability, which underscores the potential of using them in anticancer therapies.

Conclusion:

Our findings show that the thiophene nucleus may be used to treat solid tumors, including prostate cancer
and cervical adenocarcinoma.
Drugs Targeting NLRP3 Inflammasome in the Treatment of Diabetic Bone Disorders
Authors: Chen Yuyang , Aili Munire , Chen Fan , Gong Yu , Chen Xiaoju , Zhang Lan
Published: March 2023

Background:

Growing pieces of evidence demonstrate a close relationship between bone regeneration disorders of diabetic patients and NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3). Drugs targeting NLRP3 in the treatment of diabetic bone disorders have been heatedly discussed in recent years, and new R&D ideas should be explored.

Objective:

This review analyzes molecular mechanisms of how hyperglycemia activates NLRP3 and leads to bone disorders in diabetic patients. Also, this review focuses on the research of drugs targeting NLRP3 inflammasome in the treatment of diabetic bone disorders, and eventually points out the ideas for new drug development.

Results:

In diabetic patients, hyperglycemia ultimately increases the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome which cleaves pro-IL-1β into mature IL-1β by caspase-1, leading to impaired bone formation. Drugs targeting NLRP3 inflammasome are divided into two categories. Indirect-acting drugs for NLRP3 inflammasomes include dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, lipoxygen A4, epigallocatechin gallate, and vitamin D3. Direct-acting drugs include Glyburide, Dioscin, and Pristimerin.

Conclusion:

The presented studies indicate that hyperglycemia is the initiating factor for NLRP3-induced bone disorders in diabetic patients. The main drug targets are the molecules relevant to the assembly and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. These data may provide a theoretical basis for the further development of drugs targeting NLRP3 inflammasome in the treatment of diabetic bone disorders.
CD73 Blockade Alleviated Hepatic Fibrosis via Inhibiting Hepatic Stellate Cells
Proliferation and Activation
Authors: Dong Ke , Yang Lan , Gao Zhao-Wei , Wu Xia-Nan , Liu Chong , Zhang Juan , Zhang Hui-Zhong
Published: March 2023

Background:

Liver fibrosis is associated with the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Inhibition of HSCs activation is a strategy for alleviating hepatic fibrogenesis. CD73 is involved in liver disease development, while the mechanism remains unclear.

Objective:

This study aimed to investigate the effect of CD73 targeting inhibition on liver fibrosis.

Methods:

Intraperitoneal injection of CCl4 was used to induce liver fibrosis in mice models. Adenosine 5′-(α, β-methylene) diphosphate sodium salt (APCP) was used for CD73 blockade. The siRNA was used to induce CD73 knockdown in HSCs. LX2 and HSC-T6 were used to investigate the role of CD73 in HSCs activation in vitro.

Results:

The results showed that APCP treatment could alleviate hepatic fibrosis. In fibrotic liver tissues, CD73 exhibited a positive correlation with markers of HSCs activation. Furthermore, APCP treatment and CD73 knockdown could inhibit HSCs (LX2 and HSC-T6) activation and proliferation. By using RNA sequencing of liver tissues from control, CCl4-mice, and APCP-treated mice, 851 genes that were significantly changed in CCl4 mice (vs. control) were reversed by APCP treatment. These genes were mainly enriched in cell division-associated biological processes. Moreover, we found that CD73 might be associated with autophagy in HSCs. In fibrotic liver tissues and HSCs, ATG5 and Beclin1 expression could be downregulated by CD73 knockdown and APCP treatment.

Conclusion:

This study demonstrated the effects and mechanism of CD73 in HSCs activation and proliferation, which presents the therapeutical potential of CD73 blockage for liver fibrosis
Evaluating Immobilization of Hemoglobin onto Nanomesoporous MCM-41
Authors: Wang Qing-Shuang , Zhai Qing-Zhou , Zhang Xiang-Yu , Feng Xiang-Ru
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

The development and applications of biological products have been seriously
hindered by conventional immobilization for its low efficiency and high cost. The immobilization on
solid supports for enzyme is an area of intense research due to their widespread use in synthetic chemistry
and various industries. This paper highlights a great interest in the adsorption of an enzyme on the solid
porous structured material and the design of new controlled delivery systems. The enzyme immobilized
on solid supports and synthetic materials of the reaction mixture with strong mechanical force and easy
separation serves as a high selective catalyst.

Objective:

A novel protein delivery system for hemoglobin (Hb) enzyme was proposed by incorporating
the molecular molecules into the mesopores of well-ordered hexagonal nanometer MCM (Mobil Composition
of Matters) - 41. The prepared adsorbents were successfully applied to the design and synthesis of
new functionalization materials. Various parameters affecting adsorption process, such as adsorption
time, adsorption isotherm, and the reusability of adsorbent, were investigated.

Methods:

The interaction between Hb and MCM-41 was investigated using powder X-ray diffraction
(XRD), Fourier infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible solid diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and 77 K lowtemperature
N2 adsorption-desorption study.

Results:

The experimental parameters were optimized, including the concentrations of Hb, the MCM-41
amount, and the interior surface of phenyl-functionalized Ph-MCM-41 materials. Under the optimized
conditions, the biocatalytic performance was studied for Hb/MCM-41 and Hb/Ph-(MCM-41). The adsorption
process of Hb by MCM-41 / Ph-(MCM-41) was in agreement with the quasi-two-order kinetic
model. Process of Hb adsorption by MCM-41 / Ph-(MCM-41) belongs to an exothermic reaction, the
reaction is not reversible at 4°C and it is a spontaneous reaction. The Freundlich model can better describe
the adsorption of hemoglobin on MCM-41 / Ph-(MCM-41). During the desorption process of composite
(MCM-41)-Hb/[Ph-(MCM-41)]-Hb in 0.1 mol/L NaOH solution, the desorption rate can reach above
70% at 2 min. At 60 min, the desorption reached equilibrium and the desorption rates were 99.58% and
91.36%, respectively. The reuse activity experimental results indicated that the immobilized enzyme exhibited
high catalytic activity. Reusability stability studies suggested that the prepared composites retained
their activity even after five recycling runs. This shows that the phenylation of MCM-41 reduced
the "leakage" of enzyme in the main material.

Conclusion:

The results of the present study demonstrated that Hb/MCM-41 and Hb/Ph-(MCM-41) are
highly efficient potential nanobiocatalysts for the immobilization of enzymes onto mesoporous materials.
Pharmacological Investigation on Unraveling Mechanism of Action of
Quisqualis indica Leaves for Predicted Treatment of Peptic Ulcer Disease
Authors: Kulshreshtha Mayank , Chaudhary Rajaneesh Kumar , Roy Supriya , Shukla Karuna Shanker , Singh Anita , Singh Manjul Pratap
Published: March 2023

Background::

With the aid of various ulcer-induced models, the goal of this study was to assess the antiulcer ability of Qusqualis indica (Q. indica) leaf extracts in Wistar rats

Method::

The induction of ulcers was done by different models like pylorus ligation method, ethanol-induced and stress-induced models. Group 1 (negative control), Group 2 (standard group) were treated with Sucralfate (8.6 mg/kg), Group 3 was treated with aqueous extract of Q. indica (AEQI,200 mg/kg), Group 4 was treated with aqueous extract of Q. indica (AEQI,400 mg/kg), Group 5 was treated with ethanolic extract of Q. indica (EEQI, 200 mg/kg) and Group 6 was treated with ethanol extract of Q. indica (EEQI, 400 mg/kg). All therapies were given orally twice every day. After the course of treatment was complete, blood and gastrointestinal contents were taken, and biochemical tests were run. The acetylcholine and histamine drug response curves were used to develop the mechanism of the extracts.

Results::

The groups treated with extracts experienced a significant decrease in ulcer index. The antiulcer potential of the AEQI and EEQI is dose-dependent. Hematological, hepatic, and cardiac parameters were not significantly affected by the extracts, although high-density lipoprotein production was. Acetylcholine and histamine are blocked by AEQI and EEQI, according to the DRC analysis. The obtained scientific facts are amply supported by histopathological analysis

Conclusion::

AEQI and EEQI have antiulcer potential in a dose-dependent manner, but further research must be needed.
Laser ultrasonic wave spatial gradient features for damage detection
Authors: Wu Z.
Published: March 2023

Abstract. This work presents a damage imaging method exploiting full-field guided ultrasonic waves excited by a thermoelastic-effect laser. From the high spatial resolution data produced, a spatial gradient–based image processing technique was developed using gradient vectors to extract features sensitive to defects. Localized mechanical impedance changes in the damaged area induce a local distortion of the waveform, which was quantified by the variation of the gradient vectors in the scanning area as time evolves. Such variation was accumulated over time with an analytically derived optimal statistical threshold filter to generate a gradient-orientation map for damage imaging. The proposed algorithm is shown to detect distinctive damage patterns when tested experimentally on a 3 mm aluminum plate with multiple simultaneous simulated defects. Compared to conventional techniques like local wavenumber estimation, the generation of the accumulated orientation map involves no filtering process in the frequency or wavenumber domain, but it comes at the expense of less accurate shaping of the defect. A spatial covariance analysis was adopted to locate damage from the results as well as to evaluate the correlation among different kinds of defects.
Modeling and utilizing habits using process mining for building spatial design systems
Authors: Haraguchi N.
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Residents need to change their habitual behaviors following living space changes, such as moving or remodeling, and that may occur mental stress. This stress is a major problem, especially for the elderly, who are less able to cope with changes in their environment. To reduce this stress, a system that reflects the living information of the original houses in new houses, where habits can be retained in the new environments is needed. Many studies have been conducted to quantify life information as a habitual model using data mining and pattern recognition methods. “Process Mining” is a theory developed to visualize and improve processes in the business field and applied to lifestyle information, and it is possible to create a habit model. In recent years, several studies on habit models using process mining have been reported. However, there are no studies in which these process mining-based habit models have been adopted to design architectural spaces such as living spaces. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between habit and architectural space by utilizing a process mining-based habit model. Specifically, we propose the automatic extraction and visualization of habit behaviors through process mining and the use of habit models. The data acquisition experiment was conducted in an experimental smart home. This smart home is a mobile trailer house built by a multi-company project and is equipped with many sensors that can automatically acquire many daily living data. Subjects were recruited randomly and lived alone in this smart home for one week. An input matrix was created from the acquired data set and process mining was adapted to create habit models. In this study, two habit models were created: (1) a habit model based on behavioral information and (2) a habit model based on location information. Each input matrix consisted of (1) 16 types of behavior record data manually entered by the subject and (2) ground reaction force data in the house divided into 7 areas. We investigated the relationship between habitual behaviors and spatial conditions by integrating these two models.
Estimating the probability of detection of cracks in metal plates using lamb waves
Authors: Masurkar F.
Published: March 2023

Abstract. This paper focusses on the development of a data-driven damage detection method to quantify fatigue crack in metal plates using Lamb waves and its reliability using a probability of detection (POD) technique. The guided Lamb waves are generated and sensed using an array of direct-write (DW) polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) annular comb shaped transducers designed to explicitly generate a desired guided wave mode in the test specimen. The annular comb design helps generate a single desired wave mode in the specimen thereby suppressing the energy of other wave modes that can be generated simultaneously. The guided wave responses are obtained through a simulation study and are recorded at different progressions of crack. A damage index (DI) is constructed as a function of crack size that can effectively track the change in ultrasonic response variations and for diagnosing fatigue crack in the metallic specimens. This DI is then further used in the POD model to estimate the crack detection probability. The POD curves can be helpful to check the reliability of the proposed inspection system as well as identify the critical experimental parameters that can significantly influence the crack detection results.
Construct the seismic response analysis model of an existing nuclear facility using 4SID
Authors: Kato R.
Published: March 2023

Abstract The seismic response analysis model of a nuclear facility can be used to evaluate the integrity of the structure as well as the safety of humans and machines within in the event of an earthquake. This study accordingly proposed a methodology for constructing the seismic response analysis model of a nuclear facility based on observed strong motion records. First, to evaluate the seismic response characteristics of an example nuclear facility in Japan, the subspace state-space system identification [1] technique was applied to strong motion records from the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake. The identified natural modes were then clustered using the hierarchical clustering technique. Second, a seismic response analysis model of the example facility was constructed for each cluster based on the sway–rocking model. The stiffness and damping factors for each model were calculated from the mean values of the corresponding mode characteristics. Third, the constructed models were employed for seismic response analysis using the strong motion record observed during the main shock of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake as input, and the root mean square errors between the response records and analytical results were evaluated to select the most accurate model. Finally, the selected model was validated by performing a seismic response analysis using the strong motion records from an aftershock of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake. The analytical responses showed good agreement with the records, indicating that the proposed method represents a valid approach for constructing seismic response analysis models of nuclear facilities.
Localized damage detection in wind turbine rotor blades using airborne acoustic emissions
Authors: Lange A.
Published: March 2023

Abstract. The human-induced climate change is one of the biggest threats for modern society. Wind energy turbines play a key role in the necessary transformation of the energy sector and their reliable, low-maintenance operation with short downtimes is therefore of particular interest. To this end, automated structural health monitoring (SHM) gained a lot of interest in research and economy. In this work, we propose an algorithm for damage detection in rotor blades using airborne acoustic emissions (AE). Our algorithm inherently uses a localization approach and is therefore not only able to detect a structural damage but also to estimate its position using time differences of arrival (TDoA) of airborne sound waves. Since we intend only an approximate localization of the impulsive damage sounds, we suggest a simple yet effective method based on cross-correlation of energy-envelope functions to estimate the TDoA. For the task of damage detection and localization, only two line-of-sight microphones are required, which makes this approach very economic for SHM. We evaluate our method on two large-scale fatigue tests conducted on a 34-meter and a 30-meter rotor blade under laboratory conditions. During the fatigue tests, we continuously recorded airborne sound signals with multiple microphones placed inside the rotor blades. With our proposed method, we are able to detect and correctly assign the two significant structural damages in both rotor blades to a two-meter-long rotor blade zone without having any false-positive alarms throughout more than 350 hours of continuous audio recordings. Airborne acoustic emissions therefore may be a promising alternative to other conventional monitoring solutions based on structure-borne sound, which usually require considerable denser sensor networks.
A Mechanical method of classifying the state of solid matter beneath a floating cover over an anaerobic lagoon
Authors: Bui D.N.
Published: March 2023

Abstract. The formation and accumulation of scum—a layer formed from fats, oils and greases (FOG) and solid particles in the sewage—can occur under the geomembrane of a covered anaerobic wastewater treatment lagoon. Monitoring the state of scum is important for both operational reasons in the management of a wastewater treatment plant and for physical reasons related to the structural health assessment and monitoring of the covers. This task is challenging and currently involves an inspector physically assessing the scum through various sampling ports across the membrane. Another more subjective and less expensive method is where an experienced assessor classifies the state of the scum by walking on the cover and “feeling” its response to the impact of their footsteps. The development of a new objective, rather than the current subjective, approach to assessing the state and extent of the scum under the covers is proposed. In collaboration with Melbourne Water, we investigate an in-situ mechanical method to quantitatively assess the state of this scum. In this study, the frequency response functions of the membrane-scum system of different states of scum excited using a low-energy mechanical excitation were estimated. Our findings indicate that the high-gain frequency range of the cover-scum system is higher with the scum of a harder state ranging from 30-40 Hz for soft-to-fluffy scum up to 60-80 Hz for hard scum. Our findings also indicate that the response of the cover-scum system is highly damped. Differences between different states of scum have been observed in both the gain and the phase angle of the frequency response functions. Numerically, the area under the frequency response function curves decreases with the hardness of scum. This information paves the way for the next steps of this work, including improving the accuracy in modelling the scum and developing a mechanical means to quantitatively monitor the scum formation.
Cathodoluminescence of intrinsic defects in films La : HfZrO
Authors: Dementeva E.V.  , Zamoryanskaya M.V.  , Gritsenko V.A.
Published: March 2023

Lanthanum-doped (La:(HfZr)O2) nanometer films of a solid solution of hafnium oxide and zirconium oxide are of great interest for the development of a universal memory that combines an unlimited number of RAM reprogramming cycles and nonvolatile flash memory. This work is devoted to studying the cathodoluminescent properties of La : HfZrO thin films with different contents of lanthanum. It is shown that the cathodoluminescence spectra are dominated by two emission bands with intensity maxima at 2.7 and 2.2 eV. The blue band with an energy of 2.7 eV is due to an oxygen vacancy in La : HfZrO. The study of the influence of the lanthanum impurity and annealing of the samples in argon suggests that the yellow band with the emission maximum at 2.2 eV is related to the oxygen divacancy. Keywords: luminescence, hafnium oxide, zirconium oxide, oxygen vacancy.
Material dispersion effect on the oscillations of a single-cycle wave packet
Authors: Zaloznaya E. D.  , Dormidonov A. E.  , Kompanets V. O.  , Chekalin S. V.  , Kandidov V. P.
Published: March 2023

Analytically, numerically and experimentally the effect of the material dispersion of the dielectric on the oscillation period of the electric field in a single cycle wave packet (a light bullet) is investigated. Wave packet oscillates due to periodic phase shift between the envelope of the pulse and its carrier wave. The influence of nonlinear shift of phase and group velocities on the analytical estimation of the oscillation period of a light bullet with a different carrier wavelength is considered. Keywords: group velocity, phase velocity, material dispersion, absolute phase shift, single-cycle wave packet, filamentation, light bullet.
Features of the current-voltage characteristic of the Ti-Si@O@Al junction Ti-Si@O@Al
Authors: Rudy A. S.  , Churilov A. B.  , Mironrenko A. A.  , Naumov V. V.  , Kurbatov S. V.  , Kozlov E. A.
Published: March 2023

The results on measuring the I--V characteristics of the metal-semiconductor transition within the Ti (200 nm)|Si@O@Al (180 nm)|Ti (203 nm) test structure are presented. The basis of the Si@O@Al nanocomposite is a solid solution of Al in amorphous silicon a-Si(Al). The I--V of the test structure has a form characteristic of a reverse-biased ohmic contact between a metal and a p-type semiconductor, which implies that a-Si(Al) is a substitutional solid solution. It is shown that the I--V fits well the framework of the metal-semiconductor transition model and the varistor effect of the nanocomposite. Within the framework of the percolation model, it is shown that the I--V give values of the Si@O@Al resistivity, which are overestimated with respect to the resistance of the a-Si(Al) solid solution. Keywords: nanocomposite, amorphous silicon, solid solution, Schottky barrier, nonlinear conductor, dangling bonds.
Breakdown mechanism of a high-frequency discharge with jet electrolytic electrodes
Authors: Zheltukhin V. S.  , Gaisin Al. F.  , Petryakov S. Y.
Published: March 2023

The physical mechanism for the emergence of ring and semi-ring plasma structures around electrolyte jets in a high-frequency discharge with liquid jet electrodes. It is shown that the electric field strength in the jet flow decay region can reach values of 109-1010 V/m, at which autoelectronic emission is possible, leading to the appearance in the vicinity of the jet of primary electrons, which leads to ionization and excitation of the molecules of the surrounding gaseous medium. Keywords: Plasma-liquid systems, high-frequency discharge, electrolytes, numerical methods.
Peculiarities of the propellant flow ionization in the Krypton Stationary Plasma Thrusters with the shifted out acceleration zone
Authors: Merkur’ev D. V.  , Kalyazin V. G.  , Kim V. P.  , Nesterenko A. N.  , Pridannikov S. Yu.  , Shilov E. A.
Published: March 2023

Given paper presents the results of the propellant flow ionization peculiarities study in the discharge with crossed electric and magnetic fields burning in the different scale stationary plasma thruster (SPT) models with the ionization and acceleration layer shifted out of thruster, namely: there were determined the integral characteristics and dependences of the total current of the exhausting ions from thruster operating with Krypton under different operation modes. It is shown that the mentioned ion current and its ratio to the discharge current are typically reduced with increase of the discharge voltage and these trends are different from that ones for the standard SPT's. As result they cause the notable change of the thrust efficiency dependence on the discharge voltage. Keywords: Stationary Plasma Thruster, propellant flow ionization, gas discharge, crossed electric and magnetic fields.