bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical Performance and Wear Resistance of Highly Translucent Nano Zirconia Reinforced Glass Ionomer Filling Versus Conventional Resin Composite Restorations in Patients with Proximal Carious Teeth: Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors:   Department of conservative and Restorative dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Egypt, Mohamed Ammar Weaam , Hesham A ElAziz Rawda ,   Department of conservative dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Egypt, Zohair El-Hoshy Ahmed
Published: April 2024

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical performance and occlusal wear resistance of nano- zirconia reinforced glass ionomer restorations in comparison to nano-hybrid resin composite restorations in proximal cavities. Material and Method: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on thirty-two patients who had proximal carious lesions in posterior teeth. Participants were randomly allocated into two groups (n=16 for each group) in which they received either; Nano zirconia reinforced glass ionomer restorations (Zirconomer Improved, Shofu, Japan) or Conventional nano hybrid resin composite (Filtek Z250 XT, 3M ESPE, USA), all materials were applied according to manufacturers’ instructions. Restorations were evaluated at baseline (immediately), after six months, and after 12 months by two blinded assessors using modified USPHS criteria measuring (postoperative hypersensitivity, secondary caries, gross fracture, color match, cavo-surface marginal discoloration, marginal integrity, proximal contact and wear resistance). Data was analyzed using Medcalc software, intergroup comparisons between interventions was performed using the Chi-Squared test with statistical significance level set at (P ≤ 0.05) while intragroup at (P ≤ 0.016) after Bonferroni correction, relative risk was used to assess the clinical significance. Results: Intergroup comparison between both materials regarding USPHS criteria and wear resistance have shown no statistically significant difference within different follow up periods; baseline, 6 and 12 months respectively except for the color match shown significant difference with highly translucent nano zirconia reinforced GI. Intragroup comparison within highly translucent nano zirconia reinforced glass ionomer and within conventional resin composite regarding USPHS criteria have shown no statistically significant difference between different followup periods except for the wear resistance shown significant difference within highly translucent nano zirconia reinforced GI. Conclusion: Nano zirconia reinforced glass ionomer and Nano hybrid resin composite have a similar clinical performance and wear resistance after one year follow up.
Combined Treatment of Peri-Implantitis in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors:   Central clinical Military hospital (Ministry of Defence of The Republic of Armenia), Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia, Khachatryan Hakob , Kocharyan Mishel ,   Resident General Dentistry Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia, Hakobyan Gagik ,   Professor, Head of Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia
Published: April 2024

Objective: To evaluate the outcome of combined therapy of peri-implantitis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: Study included 46 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosed peri-implantis. 24 implants with early peri-implantitis, 18 implants with moderate peri-implantitis. The diagnostic parameters used for assessing peri-implantitis include clinical indices, Probing Pocket Depth (PPD), Bleeding on Probing (BOP), peri-implant radiography, data at the re-examination were retrospectively compared to baseline data. Patients underwent treatment with HbA1c levels <7.2% or less than 154 mg/Dl. Results: A statistical significant reduction in both PPD and BOP were seen at all-time points as compared with the baseline clinical measurements. Stable clinical measurements PPD and BOP were demonstrated after 1 year the initial treatment, remaining stable during the following three years. The mean BOP in patients before treatment of peri-implantitis was 2.5 ± 0.31, after 6 months treatment month treatment 0.6 ± 0.1. The mean PPD in patients before treatment of peri- implantitis was 5.2 ± 0.24, after 6-month treatment pocket was 3.2 ± 0.1. Conclusion: Conservative treatment with systemic antibiotics, pocket elimination was an effective therapy in peri-implant mucositis and еarly periimplantitis, when peri-implantitis category moderate surgical treatment combined conservative therapy effective method in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
EDUCATION TRANSFORMATION: THE IMPACT OF TEACHER TRAINING IN IMPLEMENTING THE MERDEKA CURRICULUM IN MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH
Authors: Taufik Imam , Rindanigsih Ida
Published: April 2024

The Merdeka Curriculum is an important milestone in the transformation of education in madrasah ibtidaiyah, encouraging the need to improve the quality of teachers through directed training. The background of the adoption of the Merdeka Curriculum lies in changing the learning paradigm towards an inclusive approach, integrating national values without setting aside the substance of religious education. The purpose of this study is to describe the impact of teacher training on the implementation of Merdeka Curriculum in madrasah ibtidaiyah. This research method uses a literature study approach and analyzes various sources relevant to the context of teacher training and the adoption of Merdeka Curriculum in madrasah. In this study, it is presented that teacher training has a significant impact. Teachers who receive directed training are able to better apply Merdeka Curriculum concepts, improve teaching quality, and create a more dynamic learning environment. The results show that teacher training directly contributes to improving their understanding of the Merdeka Curriculum concept, improving skills in designing lessons that are in line with the demands of the new curriculum, and having a positive impact on student achievement. Improved learning quality, collaboration between teachers, and readiness to deal with change are the visible results of investing in teacher training in the context of Merdeka Curriculum in madrasah ibtidaiyah. This confirms that teacher training is not only a necessity, but also a necessity in realizing adaptive and inclusive education.
APPROACHES TO ENHANCING REGIONAL ECONOMIES VIA INVESTMENT ATTRACTION THROUGH FREE ECONOMIC ZONES
Authors: Tollievna Qarajanova Gulnoza
Published: April 2024

This paper delves into the pivotal role of free economic zones (FEZ) in Uzbekistan, focusing on their potential to magnetize investment projects. It assesses the critical elements for successfully embedding FEZs within the regional economic framework, pinpointing prevalent challenges and hurdles. Emphasizing the need for robust legislative frameworks, the creation of a conducive investment climate, and the provision of essential infrastructure, the paper explores various investment project types and the dynamic roles of participants in the investment landscape. The goal is to elucidate strategies that can augment the efficacy of FEZs in bolstering investments and propelling regional economic progress in Uzbekistan.
Assessment of market conditions of the first generation hybrids of Antoniny-Zozulenets and Galician framed carp
Authors:   Institute of Fisheries NAAS, Kyiv, Krasnopolska О. , Kurinenko H. ,   Institute of Fisheries NAAS, Kyiv
Published: April 2024

Purpose. To characterize age-1+ hybrids obtained from the crossing of Galician framed carp (GFC) and Antoniny-Zozulenets framed carp (AZFC) according to a set of commercial conditions in comparison with parental lines. Methodology. The objects of the study were age-1+ hybrids of the reciprocal crossing of Galician and Antoniny-Zozulenets carps grown in pond conditions of the “Karpatskyi Vodogray” LLC. The study was conducted at the end of the growing season according to methodological recommendations. The body of the experimental carp for analysis was divided into its constituent parts: scales, fillet with skin, entrails, fins and bones. In the process of work, blood was removed, its weight was attributed to the entrails. The head was separated from the carcass by breaking it off between the occipital bone and the first vertebra.Each part was weighed separately and presented as a percentage of the total body weight. Findings. The obtained results showed that the yield of the main part of the fillet with skin in crossbred groups of age-1+ carp was 48.7–52.0% and was higher compared to purebred offspring.In comparison with the original maternal line, crossbred age-1+ ♀GFC ×♂AZFC had a higher index of relative fillet weight by 3.15%, and the similar 1.6% superiority was observed in crossbreds ♀AZFC × ♂GFC. At the same time, with an increase in the average weight of age-1+ by 28.9–68.6% in the 2023 studies, the relative weight of the carcass increased by 2.4–11.0%. At the same time, the relative weight of the head decreased by 5.3-6.1%, and the relative weight of the entrails increased by 0.7-4.7%. In general, the inedible part of the studied groups of fish was in the range of 27.2–32.4%. In terms of the yield of fillets per 1 ha of fattening pond, the superiority of interbreeding groups of age-1+ was 31.5–62.7%. The obtained results indicate the expediency of their use as new highly productive commercial lines in pond farms of the Polissiya zone. Originality. For the first time, a comparative analysis of the nutritional value parameters of age-1+ carp from reciprocal crossings of Galician and Antoniny-Zozulenet framed carp and the original pure lines cultivated in the conditions of Ukrainian Polissiya was carried out. Practical value. The obtained results will complement the studies of previous years and will allow providing recommendations on the use of these hybrids for commercial cultivation in the Polissiya zone of Ukraine. Keywords: carp, weight, market conditions, edible and inedible body parts.
Análisis de depósitos bancarios en entidades financieras del Ecuador
Authors: Allan-Durango Alisson Génesis , Meléndez-Fuentes Thalia Ivanova , Fuentes-Jácome María Magdalena , Meléndez-Romo Épsilon Euclides , Solis-Santana Guillermo Alfonso
Published: April 2024

This analysis focuses on the evaluation of bank deposits in financial institutions in Ecuador, exploring the dynamics of the industry in the provinces of Carchi, Cotopaxi and Pichincha from January 2020 to December 2022. Using data from the Superintendency of Banks, the variability of deposits is investigated, considering the impact of external factors such as the COVID-19 pandemic and market competitiveness. The study adopts a descriptive quantitative approach to analyze deposit trends in banks and cooperatives, focusing on deposit types such as demand deposits. A dashboard was developed to visualize key indicators such as the number of financial institutions, deposit amounts, number of clients and the distribution of deposits by type and province. The results reveal a decline in deposits during 2020 and early 2021, attributable to the economic uncertainty caused by the pandemic. Banks dominate the sector, accounting for more than 50% of deposits, mainly in time deposits, highlighting the importance of the perception of stability in the choice of financial institution. The provinces of Pichincha, Guayas and Azuay show the highest activity in terms of clients and deposit amounts. This study underscores the relevance of strategies focused on benefits for depositors and the importance of the location of financial institutions in attracting clients.
DYNAMICS OF VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR IN HEMORRHAGIC STROKE DEPENDING ON THE DISEASE SEVERITY
Authors: Bojkiv N. D. , Tsymbala O. P.
Published: April 2024

Introduction. The results of experimental studies indicate the growth factors, in particular the vascular endothelial growth factor, around the hematoma already at the beginning of hemorrhagic stroke.

The aim of the study: to find out the features of vascular endothelial growth factor expression in patients with hemorrhagic stroke depending on the disease severity.

Research metods. 53 patients with hemorrhagic stroke were examined. The control group - 25 people with hypertension without dyscirculatory disorders of cerebral circulation.

The level of neurological deficit was assessed using the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS).

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the blood was determined on the 1st, 5th and 21st days of the acute stroke period by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (test kits of the company "Biosourse" (USA)). The research results were analyzed by the method of variational statistics using the program "STATISTICA 6.0" (StatSoft, USA).

Results and discussion. With a mild degree of severity, the content of VEGF in the blood is significantly lower on the 1st and 5th days of the acute period compared to the control group. This may be one of the factors contributing to the development of a hemorrhagic stroke. An increase in VEGF in the first days of the disease can be a marker of the serious condition of patients with hemorrhagic stroke. VEGF levels on the 5th and 21st days are highest in mild cases, and lowest in severe cases. The increased synthesis of VEGF in case of a mild stroke indicates a more adequate response of the endothelium to damage.

Conclusions. A marker of a mild hemorrhagic stroke can be low VEGF levels in the first days of the disease and their significant increase at the end of the previous period. High VEGF in the blood at the beginning of the disease, and relatively lower indicators (compared to a mild course) at the end of the previous period are associated with the severe condition of patients with hemorrhagic stroke.
DATA OF PREVALENCE OF HEALTHCARE-ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS IN UKRAINE DURING THE 2009–2022 PERIOD
Authors: Konechnyi Yulian , Lavryk Galyna , Konechna Roksolana , Korniychuk Olena
Published: April 2024

Health Care Associated Infections (HCAI) present a worldwide health challenge, yet the situation regarding HCAI in Ukraine has not been extensively examined. This study aimed to evaluate the reported prevalence of HCAI in Ukraine between 2009-2022. Data from the "Public Health Center of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine" was scrutinized. Yearly, an approximate 4109 HCAI cases have been documented. By age demographics, the 2009-2022 average was 75.8±6.6% for adults and 24.2±6.3% for individuals aged 0-17. It's projected that the minimum annual HCAI cases in Ukraine surpass 1 million, with the reported rate being less than 0.1%.
La sedación y analgesia para procedimientos en emergencia
Authors: Rosa Rivera Karen Adaly
Published: April 2024

OBJETIVO: describir la sedación y analgesia para procedimientos en emergencia. MÉTODO: se recopiló información de revista médica clínica Los Condes, revista mexicana de Anestesiología, MBA surgical empowerment, sociedad española de anestesiología, InnovaHONCO, Ocronos, Tintinalli, libros, revistas médicas donde se encontraron artículos, guías y protocolos sobre la sedación y analgesia para procedimientos en emergencia.  RESULTADOS: El uso de la sedación y analgesia para procedimientos en el servicio de emergencia corresponde al uso de analgésicos de acción corta y medicamentos sedantes que permiten el desarrollo de procedimientos no programados de manera segura, mientras se monitorea a los pacientes para detectar posibles eventos adversos cardiorrespiratorios. CONCLUSIÓN: La sedación y la analgesia para los procedimientos de emergencia se describen como un estado en el cual se priva a los pacientes de las sensaciones no placenteras provocadas por los distintos procedimientos médicos no programados y que no requieren realizarse en el quirófano, además de proporcionar un estado de ausencia de la percepción del dolor.
Programa método madre canguro en neonatos pretérmino
Authors: Guerra Flores Brissa Carmen María
Published: April 2024

PROBLEMA: Demostración del método canguro como programa para disminución de la mortalidad en neonatos pretérminos. OBJETIVO: Describir el Programa Método Madre Canguro en neonatos pretermino. MÉTODOS: se realizó una investigación documental en donde se recopilaron artículos, libros sobre el método canguro con alto nivel de evidencia científica. RESULTADOS: La técnica madre canguro en neonatos pretérmino disminuye estrés en neonatos, aumenta el umbral del dolor, aumenta la lactancia materna y mejora el desarrollo neuro-psicomotor. CONCLUSIÓN: La técnica Madre Canguro en neonatos pretermino es un conjunto de acciones para disminuir la letalidad de los prematuros o de bajo peso al nacer, en donde la madre participa de manera activa en el cuidado del bebé, cargando continuamente al prematuro hasta que alcanza la madurez extrauterina esperada.
Uso de lipoinjertos autólogos en cirugía plástica facial estética y reparadora
Authors: Ramos Cardona Sergio René
Published: April 2024

OBJETIVO: describir el uso de lipoinjertos autólogos en cirugía plástica facial estética y reparadora. MÉTODO: se realizó una revisión bibliográfica minuciosa basada en metaanálisis, artículos médicos y estudios previos. RESULTADOS: utilizados desde el siglo XX, consisten en la extracción de tejido adiposo de una zona específica del cuerpo y su transferencia hacia alguna área facial del mismo individuo. En el pasado, considerados controversiales, por la reabsorción del material. En la actualidad, se ha logrado optimizar su vida útil, obteniendo resultados duraderos en diversas patologías. CONCLUSIÓN: su uso es altamente exitoso debido al avance tecnológico que se posee en la actualidad. Su aplicación es extensa, siendo eficaces en la corrección de deformidades o asimetrías faciales. Las etapas del procedimiento quirúrgico constan de la evaluación preoperatoria, extracción de la grasa, procesamiento de la grasa, realización de diseño, lipoinfiltración y modelado. Las zonas faciales más frecuentes utilizadas para su aplicación son las mejillas, los surcos nasogenianos, el mentón, la mandíbula y el labio superior e inferior. Las complicaciones más frecuentes son inmediatas a la intervención, como la presencia de hematomas y equimosis, y edema facial severo.
تقدير ومقارنة الخواص الفيز وكيميائية في نسبة الكالسيوم والماغنيسيوم لأنواع مختلفة من الحليب الطبيعي
Authors:   قسم الكيمياء، كلية العلوم بصبراتة، جامعة صبراتة، ليبيا, صوان أحلام مولود أبوالعيد , إبراهيم اسراء , كرناف حليمة , زقلم خلود
Published: April 2024

Milk is considered one of the healthy drinks that humans consume during the prime of their lives, and it is a rich source of essential elements and compounds. In this research, the concentrations of both calcium and magnesium were estimated for different types of animal milk (camel, cow, sheep, goat) using the EDTA complexity titration method. In addition to making a comparison of some of their physical and chemical properties, the results showed that the highest concentration of both calcium and magnesium was in the sheep’s milk sample (1816.245ppm) and (684.05ppm, respectively, while the lowest concentration of calcium was in the cow’s milk sample (1102.892ppm). The lowest concentration of magnesium was in the camel milk sample (39.6607 ppm), and the pH of all milk samples was similar and between (6.92-6.5)While the electrical conductivity (EC) and the percentage of total dissolved salts (TDS) were the highest value in the goat milk sample (7550 µs/cm) (4832ppm), respectively, while the lowest value was in the sheep milk sample (4580 µs/cm). (2931.2ppm) respectively, and they were all within the limits indicated in the Jordanian standard for “fresh” raw milk, which included camel milk along with milk from cows, buffalo, sheep and goats (Jordanian Standards and Metrology Institution, 2003), as well as the Libyan standard. For “fresh” raw cow’s milk (National Center for Standardization and Standardization, 2013). We have noticed that the results recorded in previous studies and practically recorded in this research are almost similar, with the exception of the concentration of magnesium in cow’s milk, which was higher in concentration than in goat’s milk. The reason for this may be due to the genetic factor, as the rate of milk production and the concentration of some elements and vitamins vary according to the breed to which these animals belong. This is in addition to the animals’ food, the environment in which they live, and their age. All of these factors may affect the concentration of these elements in the milk of various animals, which is considered a beneficial food for humans and an important source of calcium and magnesium, which are important for human health. Keywords: sheep, meat, camel and goat milk, calcium concentration, magnesium, pH, EC, TDS
The Impact of COVID-19 on Students’ Preferences of Learning Mode: A Basis for Consideration
Authors:   CamEd Business School, Cambodia, Yem Bunthorn
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has been harmful and widespread. The regrettable loss of so many human lives worldwide and the incalculable damage caused by this novel coronavirus is one of the most tragic disasters in human history. There have also been many associated changes to work practices. One of the drastic changes caused by this pandemic in countries around the world has been the change in education, and in particular, the changes in teaching and learning modes. Li and Lalani (2020) predicted that COVID-19 has changed education forever. When a change in teaching and learning modes happens so quickly, it can be hard for both the teachers and students to prepare themselves in order to adjust to the new and unexpected environment. It can be even harder for any educational institutions or schools to prepare themselves, quickly organizing the infrastructure, supporting facilities, human resources and the like, in order to cope with the new environment and to ensure a successful and rapid transition. There are so many things that the institutions have to do during this process. Cadungog-Uy (2020) proposed that schools and universities should have an important role in supporting the learners to alleviate the potential negative impact of the quick transition. However, schools and universities should do even more to prepare the stakeholders for more changes during this unpredicrable situation both as the crisis continues and when it is over. After the pandemic is over, it is uncertain whether things should go back to ‘normal’ as they used to be before the pandemic. In their study, Lau et al. (2020) noted that observers pondered whether the future might just have become the present. It is questionable whether the present online learning environment will become the future or revert to the traditional learning mode of in-classroom teaching, or whether there will be a mix of the two, and scope for unpredictably beyond this.
A INFLUÊNCIA DAS MÍDIAS SOCIAIS NAS ORGANIZAÇÕES: O DIÁLOGO TECNOLÓGICO NAS RELAÇÕES DE TRABALHO
Authors: Magalhães Juliana de Oliveira
Published: April 2024

Este trabalho apresenta uma análise das mídias sociais nas organizações, em especial o seu uso na comunicação interna. Foram apresentadas as vantagens e as desvantagens do uso das mídias sociais nas rotinas organizacionais. Indica-se também como aperfeiçoar o uso desta ferramenta na comunicação interna das empresas tornando-a um instrumento de estratégico para a solução de problemas e otimização de tempo.
E-SPORTS: ANÁLISE DAS POSSIBILIDADES DE INVESTIMENTO DE MARCAS NA INDÚSTRIA DOS JOGOS DE COMPETIÇÃO ONLINE
Authors: Gonçalves Adriana Araujo Escada , Vedana Dario de Barros
Published: April 2024

O avanço do mercado de jogos eletrônicos, também conhecido como e-Sport, em que os jogadores competem entre si conectados à internet, vem crescendo desde a década de 1970 quando surgiram os primeiros torneios competitivos de video game disputados por meios eletrônicos offline e online e, com aumento da rentabilidade do setor a cada ano, por meio de patrocínios de empresas e audiência, somado ao crescimento no número de adeptos dessa prática, que é considerada um tipo de esporte. Somado a isso, a adesão das mídias online e offline para cobertura e divulgação do conteúdo gerado pela prática deste esporte está crescendo e sendo motivada pelo engajamento de fãs, empresas, em campeonatos nacionais e internacionais. O principal objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar o mercado dos e-Sports, sua relação com as mídias eletrônicas e digitais, assim como demonstrar o potencial de investimento para as marcas que desejarem atingir seu público-alvo por meio deste esporte.
A Review of Internet of Things (IoT) in Construction Industry: Building a Better Future
Authors: Katiyar Ankit , Kumar Pradeep
Published: April 2024

Construction companies today are aiming for the finest technologies to achieve their targets in minimum cost possible along with a high level of security and safety. Construction companies are focusing more on the benefits of internet in their projects in order to improve processes, reduce waste and optimally utilize their resources and Internet of Things (IoT) is making it possible in a much more efficient way than thought of. IoT has now become the newest of the technology that is being used in the construction industry. IoT is basically the network of physical objectsâ€”buildings, vehicles, devices and other objects fixed with sensors, software, electronics and internet connectivity which aids these objects to collect, store and exchange data. This paper aims to improve the understanding of the importance of IoT and its implementation in the construction industry. The paper presents the compiled study of the works done by various researchers in which IoT can be used in the construction industry. The findings of their work have been discussed in this paper and future scope of work regarding the usage of IoT in different fields have been identified.
The Effectiveness of Immersive Language Learning: An Investigation into English Language Acquisition in Immersion Environments versus Traditional Classroom Settings
Authors: Porter Samuel , Sofia Castillo Mariana
Published: April 2024

This is a comparative kind of study research about traditional classroom learning efficacy in the acquisition of English and immersion learning. What actually distinguishes immersion learning from the conventional classroom learning setup is that immersion learning includes learners having to be exposed to the practicalities of using the targeted language in day-to-day life and having to use the language in authentic communication with native speakers concerning its grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation. Using a very strong sample of 60 non-native English-speaking learners, the research set out to measure the impact of these two methodologies on language proficiency, as quantified by the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL). This suggests that those in the group of immersion learning had improved post-training TOEFL scores that were significantly higher than their counterparts in the traditional classroom setting. Such findings help explain the fact that, while immersion learning will do much more in improving English language capability, it will also suggest that such an experience environment could be most useful for learners looking to acquire this language effectively.
An overview of very high cycle fatigue behavior of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V
Authors: Frye Palmer , Simsiriwong Jutima
Published: April 2024

This paper presents a brief review on the current state of knowledge of the very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) behavior of metallic parts fabricated using Additive Manufacturing (AM) processes. It has been shown that AM has significant potential to replace traditional manufacturing methods that impose geometric limitations to designs. Powder-based metallic AM methods allow for precise layer-wise processing of complex net-shape parts without the use of special tooling or molds. Among various metals commonly used in AM processes, titanium (Ti) 6Al-4V alloy is currently of great interest especially in aerospace applications that contain parts with complex geometries (i.e., turbine blades in jet engines). To safely adapt AM Ti-6Al-4V parts in these applications, their mechanical properties and fatigue behavior must be understood. Various studies have identified AM process-induced defects (i.e., entrapped gas pores, lack of fusion defects between build layers, etc.) to be the main cause of fatigue failure of AM Ti-6Al-4V parts. However, there are limited studies relating to the effects of these defects on the behavior of AM metals in the VHCF regime (beyond 107 cycles). Knowledge of the VHCF behavior of AM Ti-6Al-4V is needed for the aforementioned applications due to the high loading frequencies and long service lives required for these parts.
PARADIGM SHIFTS IN SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH: UNRAVELING SOCIO-CULTURAL DETERMINANTS IMPACTING MARRIED WOMEN IN INDIA
Authors:   University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Sharma Anuradha , Jasrotia Amithy ,   University of Rajasthan, Jaipur
Published: April 2024

This comprehensive review paper explores the intricate connections between socio-cultural determinants and the sexual and reproductive health (SRH) of married women in India. Drawing insights from an extensive array of literature, reports, and articles identified through targeted keyword searches in leading databases such as Academia, Jstor, ResearchGate, Google Scholar, Scopus, and PubMed, this paper encapsulates the trajectory of SRH discourse from the years 1985 to 2022. Over the last three decades, particularly post the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) in 1994, the narrative on SRH has evolved from a narrow focus on disease to a more extensive paradigm encompassing biomedical and socio-cultural elements. Emphasizing the crucial role of gender equality, socially constructed gender roles, cultural and sub-cultural norms, and the recognition of reproductive health as a fundamental right, the analysis draws from authoritative sources like the World Health Organization (WHO), International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF), International Center for Research on Women (ICRW), and National Family Health Survey-4 (NFHS-4) data from 2015-16. The findings underscore the intricate interrelationship between social relations and gender roles, emphasizing their profound impact on women's reproductive health. Advocating for a paradigm shift from a woman-centric approach to a more inclusive gender equality approach, this review paper recommends interdisciplinary policies. These recommendations are aimed at enhancing reproductive health outcomes for women, concurrently elevating the overall quality of life in developing countries, with a particular focus on the context of India
PARADIGM SHIFTS IN SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH: UNRAVELING SOCIO-CULTURAL DETERMINANTS IMPACTING MARRIED WOMEN IN INDIA
Authors:   University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Sharma Anuradha , Jasrotia Amithy ,   University of Rajasthan, Jaipur
Published: April 2024

This comprehensive review paper explores the intricate connections between socio-cultural determinants and the sexual and reproductive health (SRH) of married women in India. Drawing insights from an extensive array of literature, reports, and articles identified through targeted keyword searches in leading databases such as Academia, Jstor, ResearchGate, Google Scholar, Scopus, and PubMed, this paper encapsulates the trajectory of SRH discourse from the years 1985 to 2022. Over the last three decades, particularly post the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) in 1994, the narrative on SRH has evolved from a narrow focus on disease to a more extensive paradigm encompassing biomedical and socio-cultural elements. Emphasizing the crucial role of gender equality, socially constructed gender roles, cultural and sub-cultural norms, and the recognition of reproductive health as a fundamental right, the analysis draws from authoritative sources like the World Health Organization (WHO), International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF), International Center for Research on Women (ICRW), and National Family Health Survey-4 (NFHS-4) data from 2015-16. The findings underscore the intricate interrelationship between social relations and gender roles, emphasizing their profound impact on women's reproductive health. Advocating for a paradigm shift from a woman-centric approach to a more inclusive gender equality approach, this review paper recommends interdisciplinary policies. These recommendations are aimed at enhancing reproductive health outcomes for women, concurrently elevating the overall quality of life in developing countries, with a particular focus on the context of India.
Simulation and analysis of elastic waves in partially saturated double-porosity media based on finite difference method
Authors: Shi Zhi-Qi , He Xiao , Liu Lin , Chen De-Hua ,   State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China,   University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China,   Beijing Engineering Research Center for Offshore Drilling Exploration and Measurement, Beijing 100190, China
Published: April 2024

Double-porosity poroelastic model takes into account the effect of mesoscopic flow induced by rock heterogeneity on dispersion and attenuation of elastic waves, and has obtained good application results in the quantitative explanation of seismic data in heterogeneous reservoirs. Wavefield simulation based on double-porosity model not only helps visualize the propagation characteristics of the elastic waves but also lays the foundation for seismic imaging. In this work, we perform wavefield simulation and analysis based on the Santos-Rayleigh model which incorporates mesoscopic and global flow in a partially-saturated double-porosity medium. Specifically, the mesoscopic flow mechanism is represented with a Zener viscoelastic model. The comparison shows that the Zener model can accurately capture the propagation characteristics of fast P-wave, but fails to describe the attenuation characteristics of slow P3 wave in the low-frequency band. It implies that Zener viscoelastic model and slow wave modes follow different mechanisms. Then the staggered grid finite-difference method is used to simulate wave propagation in a double-porosity medium, and the stiff problem is solved with a time-splitting algorithm, which can significantly improve computational efficiency. Based on the above methods, the correctness of our algorithm is verified with derived analytical solution for a P-wave source in a uniform partially saturated poroelastic medium. Analytical and numerical solutions are in good agreement and mean error is 0.33%. We provide some examples of wavefield snapshots and seismograms in homogeneous and layered heterogeneous media at seismic and ultrasonic frequencies. The simulation results demonstrate the strong attenuation of fast P-wave and no change of S-wave in the seismic band due to mesoscopic flow mechanism, which is consistent with the theoretical prediction of double-porosity model. Moreover, the energy of fast P-wave is concentrated in solid phase while slow waves are stronger in fluid phase. This work contributes to the understanding of broadband elastic wave propagation in a heterogeneous partially saturated porous medium and can be applied to the reservoir imaging with broadband geophysical data.
Exploring the tuning mechanism of multipolar quasi-continuous domain bound states in tetramer metasurface
Authors: Meng Xiang-Yu , Li Tao , Yu Bin-Bin , Tai Yong-Hang ,   Yunnan Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Technology, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China,   Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325000, China,   Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou 325000, China
Published: April 2024

High-quality factor (high-Q) resonance has broad prospects in applications such as in narrow-band filtering, slow-light devices, and nonlinear optics interaction enhanced to highly sensitive sensing. Previous methods of designing high-Q resonance suffered intrinsic drawbacks such as high-volume cavities or large-scale bending radii. However, recently, a new approach to designing high-Q resonances has begun to attract public attention on the basis of asymmetric metasurfaces that are related to the bound states in the continuum (BIC) phenomenon. Constructing BIC resonance in electromagnetic metasurface can generate sharp resonant transmission peak. Therefore, there is growing interest in utilizing BIC to achieve metasurface with high-Q. However, most of existing studies are based on single BIC, and few studies focusing on multiband BICs and multiple forms of symmetry breaking. In this work, we propose an all-dielectric metasurface composed of tetrameric cuboids. By etching two elliptical cylinders in each cuboid, the metasurface can simultaneously support in-plane symmetry breaking, displacement perturbations and periodic perturbations. We first use multipole calculations to analyze the physical mechanism by which the metasurface generates quasi-BIC under these three conditions. It is confirmed that the Q factor and resonant peak position of quasi-BIC can be controlled by adjusting the asymmetry parameters. Subsequently, we introduce the in-plane symmetry breaking, displacement perturbations and periodic perturbations into the metasurface simultaneously and generate five quasi-BIC modes, whose numbers and positions can be flexibly adjusted, and the largest Q factor is 58039. In summary, this work provides a new practical design concept for realizing high-Q all-dielectric metasurfaces, which can be used to improve the sensitivity of multi-parameter sensors.
Modulation of α-synuclein aggregation amid diverse environmental perturbation
Authors: Wasim Abdul , Menon Sneha , Mondal Jagannath
Published: April 2024

Intrinsically disordered protein α-synuclein (αS) is implicated in Parkinson’s disease due to its aberrant aggregation propensity. In a bid to identify the traits of its aggregation, here we computationally simulate the multi-chain association process of αS in aqueous as well as under diverse environmental perturbations. In particular, the aggregation of αS in aqueous and varied environmental condition led to marked concentration differences within protein aggregates, resembling liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). Both saline and crowded settings enhanced the LLPS propensity. However, the surface tension of αS droplet responds differently to crowders (entropy-driven) and salt (enthalpy-driven). Conformational analysis reveals that the IDP chains would adopt extended conformations within aggregates and would maintain mutually perpendicular orientations to minimize inter-chain electrostatic repulsions. The droplet stability is found to stem from a diminished intra-chain interactions in the C-terminal regions of αS, fostering inter-chain residue-residue interactions. Intriguingly, a graph theory analysis identifies small-world-like networks within droplets across environmental conditions, suggesting the prevalence of a consensus interaction patterns among the chains. Together these findings suggest a delicate balance between molecular grammar and environment-dependent nuanced aggregation behavior of αS.
Malaria parasite resistance to azithromycin is not readily transmitted by mosquitoes
Authors: Buchanan Hayley D. , McConville Robyn , Yeoh Lee M. , Duffy Michael F. , Boddey Justin A. , McFadden Geoffrey I. , Goodman Christopher D.
Published: April 2024

Antimalarials are now used in combination with partner drugs to stem parasite drug resistance. Partners are often older, safe, cheap drugs, but resistance is already circulating for many, which raises the risk of selecting for multidrug resistance. If the partner drug(s) could be refractory to the spread of resistance, better resistance control could be implemented. We tested whether resistance to the antibiotic azithromycin, which kills malaria parasites by perturbing prokaryote-like protein synthesis in the apicoplast (relict plastid), had fitness costs to the spread of parasites via mosquitoes where parasites are not under drug pressure. Azithromycin resistance mutations in both rodent and human malaria parasites had a negative impact on the ability of resistant parasites to transmit from one vertebrate host to another via mosquitoes. Azithromycin resistance will therefore be less likely to spread geographically, making it an attractive option as a perennial partner compound to protect appropriate frontline antimalarials.
Designing marine infrastructure to restore native shellfish
Authors: Damodaran D A
Published: April 2024

Reef forming bivalves like mussels and oysters have undergone massive declines due to many factors including increasing habitat loss. Bivalves provide important ecosystem functions and services that include increasing biodiversity and providing sustenance and cultural services to humans. Therefore, it is vital to preserve the reefs that remain and restore those that have been damaged or lost. Some of this natural habitat has been lost to coastal development making full habitat restoration near impossible. However, targeting habitat building bivalves in restoration efforts and designing marine infrastructure to attract bivalves, is a way to preserve and increase biodiversity in lost or degraded ecosystems. There is an increasing number of tools to enhance the effectiveness of restoration efforts including, designing infrastructure to mitigate external environmental stressors, and better understanding the habitat requirements and stressors of the species being restored. With the rapid loss of the world's ecosystems, increasing research suggests restoration approaches are not one-size-fits-all and efforts are the most effective when tailored to local environmental conditions and species.
Optimization of Power Tiller Operated Pneumatic Planter under Laboratory Conditions for Enhancing Cotton Planting Efficiency
Authors: Verma Kumudini , Mohanty Santosh Kumar , Dash Rama Chandra , Mishra Jayanarayan , Behera Anup , Rath Ipsita
Published: April 2024

Aim: The study aimed to optimize the operational parameters viz. orifice diameter, suction pressure and forward speed of operation of a power tiller operated pneumatic planter specifically for cotton crops in laboratory condition, focusing on improving planting operation.
Study Design: A Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD) was employed to optimize the operational parameters.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in a Soil test bin (sand bed test) in the Tillage and Traction Laboratory in the year 2023 to evaluate the effect of various operational parameters on seed uniformity.
Methodology: Based on the study of engineering properties of cotton seed, the size of the orifice on the seed drum was determined. The effect of operational parameters was examined by evaluating mean seed spacing, precision in spacing (coefficient of variation), miss index, multiple index, and quality of feed index.
Results: The study found that for achieving singulation of seeds, optimal parameters included a metering drum with an orifice size of 3 mm, a suction pressure of 2.78 kPa, and a forward speed of 1.36 km/h. Corresponding actual values of miss index, multiple index, quality feed index, and precision index were found 7.6±2.5, 6.8±1.6, 82.4±2.5 and 4.1±1.2 against predicted values of 4.40, 4.56, 90.1, and 3.90, respectively.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that optimizing operational parameters such as orifice size, suction pressure, and forward speed can significantly improve the performance of power tiller operated pneumatic planters for cotton seed planting. These results contribute to enhancing planting accuracy and efficiency in cotton sown areas.
Quality prediction based on phase‐specific average trajectory for batch processes
Authors: Zhao Chunhui , Wang Fuli , Mao Zhizhong , Lu Ningyun , Jia Mingxing
Published: January 2008

A new process analysis and quality prediction scheme is presented, based on phase‐specific average process trajectory, and is developed for the improvement of quality prediction in multiphase batch processes. After the process trajectory is separated into different phases, based on the different inherent process correlations relevant to quality, quality prediction is performed using average trajectory focusing on critical phases. In this way, it explores the phase‐specific cumulation effects of process variables on product quality with a simpler regression model. Then the critical‐to‐quality phases are identified, and the online quality predicting algorithm is conducted correspondingly during those critical phases. Moreover, to improve the estimation precision of unknown data in each phase, the past batches are made use of, and the missing observations are complemented by searching for the most similar process trajectory to the current one. The applications of the proposed scheme to injection molding show its effectiveness and feasibility. © 2008 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2008
De novo three‐way chromosome translocation 46,XY,t(4;6;21)(p16;p21.1;q21) in a male with cleidocranial dysplasia
Authors: Purandare Smita M. , Mendoza‐Londono Roberto , Yatsenko Svetlana A. , Napierala Dobrawa , Scott Daryl A. , Sibai Tarek , Casas Kari , Wilson Patrick , Lee Jiyun , Muneer Razia , Leonard Joe C. , Ramji Faridali G. , Lachman Ralph , Li Shibo , Stankiewicz Pawel , Lee Brendan , Mulvihill John J.
Published: January 2008

Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) is an autosomal dominant skeletal dysplasia associated with cranial, clavicular, and dental anomalies. It is caused by mutations in the RUNX2 gene, which encodes an osteoblast‐specific transcription factor and maps to chromosome 6p21. We report clinical and molecular cytogenetic studies in a patient with clinical features of CCD including wormian bones, delayed fontanel closure, hypoplastic clavicles and pubic rami, and supernumerary dentition. Additional abnormalities of bone growth and connective tissue, including easy bruisability, scarring, bleeding, joint hypermobility, and developmental delay were also observed. Molecular cytogenetic studies identified a de novo apparently balanced three‐way translocation 46,XY,t(4;6;21)(p16;p21.1;q21). Further mapping revealed the breakpoint on 6p21 to be ∼50 kb upstream of exon 1 of the RUNX2 gene, with RUNX2 being intact on the derivative chromosome 6. We hypothesize that the proband's CCD has arisen from disruption of the developmentally regulated gene RUNX2 at the 6p21 breakpoint, due to a position effect mutation which may have altered the expression of the gene. Further studies might unravel a new regulatory element for RUNX2. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.