bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Network Lifetime-Oriented Energy-Aware Sink Relocation Scheme
Authors: Qiu Lin , Qin Jiangfeng , Li Ronghui
Published: October 2015

When sensor nodes are located around a sink node in a wireless sensor network (hereafter referred to as WSN), their energy will be consumed more quickly. Hence it’s necessary to make a proper relocation of the sink node to prevent the surrounding sensor nodes from excessive energy consumption. In view of this, this paper proposes an energy-aware sink relocation (hereafter referred to as EASR) scheme, which is able to realize the adaptive adjustment on the transmission range according to the energy status of the sensor nodes in addition to the establishment of conditions for sink relocation. If the relocation condition is met, sink node will move toward the optimal direction based on the energy status of the surrounding sensor nodes. The simulation result shows that the EASR scheme proposed in this paper is able to prolong effectively the network lifetime.
A Coverage Algorithm based on Key Node Scheduling
Authors: Zhu Li , Fan Chunxiao , Wu Huarui , Wen Zhigang
Published: October 2015

Network coverage rate is a key standard of measuring the quality of network coverage. This thesis aims at solving the differences between node energy and task, which causes coverage holes and blind spots of Wireless Sensor Network, and proposes a coverage algorithm, based on key node scheduling, divides node subsets, and adjusts the states of individual nodes according to node energy and coverage rate. This algorithm ensures network connectivity while reducing coverage holes and redundancy. Simulation results show that, the proposed algorithm can effectively reduce failure nodes, energy consumption, improve network coverage rate, and demonstrates network convergence and stability.
Just in Time Technology Simulation in the Distribution Process of the Manufacturing Company
Authors: Kubasakova Iveta , Poliakova Bibiana , Sulgan Marian
Published: October 2015

This article deals with distribution logistics system in chosen manufacturing company in the city of Zilina. This company must plan distribution of goods to the 16 customers located in the area up to 50 kilometres around Zilina and back to the company in Zilina. The distribution logistics system JIT obtains loading, transport, rests during transport, unloading in destination and dispose of every route from Zilina to the customers and back to the company in Zilina. The simulation of distribution logistics system JIT obtains times for every activity of goods during transportation. The results of this simulation are presented in this article.
Assessment of the Status of Industrial Logistics Innovative Production Equipment and Systems in the Particular Manufacturing Company
Authors: Stopka Ondrej , Kampf Rudolf
Published: October 2015

In the first part, this paper deals with the current status of the innovative equipment and systems in the manufacturing companies and its importance within the global competitiveness. In the subsequent parts of the paper, the characteristics of particular multi-criteria analysis methods and the determination of the weightings of individual aspects (assessment criteria) that influence the situation in the developing the innovative production equipment and systems in the specific fields of industrial logistics in the particular manufacturing company when applying the selected methods of multi-criteria analysis are outlined. From the obtained outcomes, it is obvious that the assessment aspects of the manufacturing company are: (1) the grade and quality of the innovation status; (2) the business aspects and competitiveness; (3) the grade and quality of attributes of production equipment and systems and (4) the effectiveness of the logistics processes. The final part of this paper is focused on the selected manufacturing companies, dealing with the production of industrial equipment and systems, in the particular country and the application of the specific methods of the multi-criteria analysis in order to make the empirical statistics and the final complex assessment.
Methodology of Calculation of the Ticket Markers for Rail Passenger Vehicles
Authors: Ponicky Jan , Zitricky Vladislav
Published: October 2015

The task of integrated transport system in passenger transport is connection between their other modes. One part of implementation of integrated transport system is set up the ticketing system for validation. This problem can solving by the ticket machines and their location. When ticket machines are located in vehicle, we create conditions for Self-Service System in public transport. The paper is focused on the description of factors, which influences number of ticket markers in railway passenger vehicles. For example these factors is circulation time of vehicles, transport distance, travel speed and etc. One part of paper includes the methodology of calculation the ticket markers for rail passenger vehicles.
Effect of Nano-TiO2 on Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Cement Composites for Thermal Energy Storage Materials
Authors: Jittabut Pongsak
Published: October 2015

This research article presents the mechanical and thermal properties of cement-based composite for thermal energy storage materials enriched with containing nanoTiO2 particle size (25 nm) and concentration (1-5 wt.%) were systematically investigated. Thermal properties coefficients were tested using a direct measuring instrument with surface probe (ISOMET2114). The influence of nanoTiO2 on the performance, such as compressive strength, bulk density, thermal conductivity, volume heat capacity and thermal diffusivity of hardened composite cement pastes were studied for future solar thermal energy materials with better performance. According to the development of thermal storage materials and their application environment requirement in solar thermal power, the specimens were subjected to heat at 350°C and 900°C. It was observed that, before heating, the compressive strength is optimized at nanoTiO2 amount of 2 wt%. Moreover, after heating at 350 °C and 900°C, the thermal conductivity and volume heat capacity of the cement paste enriched with nanoTiO2 were significantly lesser than that of the before heating one.
Design of Experiments for (100) Si Vertical Wall Wet Etching Using Sonicated NaOH Solution
Authors: Pakpum Chupong , Pussadee Nirut
Published: October 2015

Silicon-based thermoelectric device fabricated using standard semiconductor manufacturing technique is a promising technology that could lead to a mass production of clean energy. The vertical wall fabrication on Si substrates is typically achieved by high cost plasma etching and involved hazardous gases. The proper wet etching condition offers an economically alternative method in obtaining vertical wall on the Si substrate. Experimental trials were conducted by design of experiments (DOE) technique to find an anisotropic wet etching condition that achieves vertical etched wall on (100) Si wafer. Three considered factors assigned to the DOE were NaOH concentration, solution temperature, and IPA addition. The response aimed for this study was not only targeting at 90° wall but also providing highest etch rate. The experimental results showed that in order to get the 90° wall, the best etching condition achieved was using 45% wt of NaOH concentration, 40°C solution temperature, and without IPA added. This condition gave an etch rate of 97.11 nm/min with surface roughness (Ra) of 10.58 nm.
Effects of the Sintering Temperature on Structural and Bioactivity in BaFe12O19-P2O5-CaO-Na2O Bioactive Glass Ceramic
Authors: Intawin Pratthana , Pengpat Kamonpan , Leenakul Wilaiwan , Tunkasiri Tawee
Published: October 2015

In this research, the effects of sintering temperatures on structural and bioactivity in BaFe12O19 (BF) /P2O5-CaO-Na2O bioactive glass ceramics were investigated. The BF/P2O5-CaO-Na2O bioactive glass ceramics were fabricated under various sintering temperatures in a range of 550-700 oC. X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique and the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are used to characterize phase and microstructure. The studied samples were evaluated for mechanical properties by hardness testing. Moreover, the bioactivities of studied samples were studied by using simulated body fluid (SBF) in vitro. It was found that, the sintering temperatures are the most influential parameter on microstructure and mechanical properties of the bioactive glass ceramics. The highest density of studied ceramics was found in the sample sintered at 700 oC. The microstructural properties of the studies samples were investigated and the results were then correlated with the characteristics of sintering temperature as well as the microstructure of the bioactive glass ceramic. Moreover, the covering of bone-like apatite layer on the surface sample after a 7 day immersion in SBF suggested that the BF/P2O5-CaO-Na2O glass ceramics have acceptable bioactivities.
Photolithographic Process for Creating Micro-Grating on Silicon Substrate for Biosensor Application
Authors: Chathirat Naphat , Hruanun Charndet , Poyai Amporn
Published: October 2015

In this work, we use photolithography in order to fabricate micro-grating structures on silicon. The first step of device was coated by 3.5 μm thick silicon dioxide (SiO2) film on top side, whereas the bottom side was coated with 4.5 μm. Next, we deposited silicon nitride (Si3N4) film of 2 μm by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition, and used photolithography to prepare the gratings. We compared micro-grating period sizes of 1 μm, 0.8 μm and 0.5 μm, and found the 0.5 μm gave the best sensitivity. These devices can be applied with detection in biosensing in the future.
Preparation of 2 wt% ZnFe2O4/HAp Ceramic for Future Biomedical Applications
Authors: Klumdoung Pattarinee , Pankaew Piyapong
Published: October 2015

In this study, 2 wt% ZnFe2O4/HAp ceramic was prepared to form a promising composite material for future biomedical applications. Firstly, HAp powder was synthesized by precipitation using Ca(NO3)2 as the Ca source, (NH4)2HPO4 as the P source and ammonia as a pH adjuster. To prepare 2 wt% of ZnFe2O4, ZnO and Fe2O3 powders were mixed in ethanol with sequent dehydration and then calcination (using stoichiometric ratio). Finally, 2 wt% of ZnFe2O4 powder was milled with 98 wt% of HAp powder for 10 minutes before uniaxial pressing and then sintering at 1200 °C for 3 hours to form 2 wt% ZnFe2O4/HAp ceramic. The prepared ceramic was characterized by X- ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The XRD results revealed the ZnFe2O4/HAp ceramic with only HAp and ZnFe2O4 phases obtained, indicating that no impurities phases occurred. The FT-IR results revealed vibration bands of standard HAp and indicated the interaction between ZnFe2O4 and HAp. For the VSM results, the magnetization of composite was 0.05 emu/g and its coercivity was 44 Oe. These results could lead us to the development of a method for ZnFe2O4/HAp ceramic optimized for specific biomedical applications.
Processing of Elastic Silk Sericin/Gelatin Composite Film for Future Cosmetic Applications
Authors: Pankaew Piyapong , Klumdoung Pattarinee , Naemchanthara Kittisakchai
Published: October 2015

The silk sericin/gelatin composite films were successfully prepared for future cosmetic applications. The sericin was extracted from Thai raw cocoons of the Bombyx mori silk worm via boiling and drying. Gelatin was extracted from white perch scales through a chemical treatment. To prepare the silk sericin/gelatin composite film, the silk sericin and gelatin solutions with different volume ratios were blended in distilled water by stirring in a magnetic stirrer for 30 minutes. They were dropped on the plastic mold. The sample was kept at a temperature of 50 °C to let it dry. The prepared composite films were characterized using UV-VIS spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The silk sericin/gelatin composite films showed elastic behaviour, a homogeneous surface and no porosity which could indicate possible future use for cosmetic applications.
A Study of the Preparation of Silk Sericin/Chitosan Composite Film for Future Wound Dressing Applications
Authors: Pankaew Piyapong , Klumdoung Pattarinee , Naemchanthara Kittisakchai
Published: October 2015

Silk sericin/chitosan composite films were successfully prepared for possible future wound dressing applications. To prepare the chitosan, shrimp shells were first washed and finely ground to obtain a fine powder before extracting the chitosan using a chemical reaction method. The sericin was extracted from Thai raw cocoons of Bombyx mori silk worm via boiling and drying. To prepare the silk sericin/chitosan composite films, the silk sericin and chitosan solutions with varying volume ratios were mixed in a magnetic stirrer for 30 minutes. They were then dropped on to a plastic mold. The sample was dried at a temperature of 50 °C. The prepared composite films were characterized using UV-VIS spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results from our studies could provide a method for future composite film development.
Characterization and Gel Properties of Gelatin Extracted from Waste Fish Scales
Authors: Nuamsrinuan Nisakorn , Suttisiri Noppadon , Hoonnivathana Ekachai , Limsuwan Pichet , Naemchanthara Kittisakchai
Published: October 2015

The objective of this research is to compare the characteristic of gelatin prepared from waste fish scales. White perch, java barb, red tilapia and nile tilapia scales were cleaned and treated with 1.0 M NaOHfor 2 h at room temperature to remove fat and then treated 0.8 M acetic acid to restructure of fish scales. Gelatin from waste fish scales were exacted using heating the cleaned fish scales in the distilled water at 70 °C for 2 h. Gelatins were characterization by UV-vis spectrometer, viscometer, X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results shown the amount of gelatin and percent transmittance of light of gelatin from white perch was more than that of other waste fish scales. The viscosities of all gelatins decreased with increasing temperature. The gelatin from java bard was more viscosity than that from other fish scales due to more amounts of aspartic and glutamic acid. The XRD intensity of gelatin from white perch scales and java barb scales had higher than that from other fish scales confirming the higher crystallinity of gelatin. The FT-IR resultsindicated the same function groupsof all gelatins. SEM results revealed the porous structure of all gelatins. The all results concluded that gelatin property of nile tilapia scales had less than that of other fish scales which could be used in different industry.
Antimicrobial Effect of Squid Ink on Common Microbial Causing Biofilm Attaching to Silicone
Authors: Nicomrat Duongruitai , Tharajak Jirasak
Published: October 2015

Present study consisted a possible novel natural antimicrobial agent replacing chemicals for preventing the microbial growth and microbial biofilm accumulated on silicone. Since squid ink has long proved to play various primary roles in wide ranges of alternative therapeutic medicine and food applications. This research was designed to report the potential antimicrobial effects of squid ink especially after heat treatment against the microorganisms causing biofilms. Various temperature conditions comprising room temperature (RT), 40, 60, 80, and 100°C were applied to the crude squid ink. Two fresh ink samples isolated from splendid squid (Loligo duvauceli) and soft cuttlefish (Sepioteuthis lessoniana) were determined for their antimicrobial activities after heat treatment on most reported microbes causing biofilms on these plastic substrates. The results showed that after pretreatment at RT-50°C for 15 min, fresh crude ink ofL.duvauceliconsistently presented higher bioactive activity (> 15 mm diameter) thanS.lessoniana(5-10 mm diameter), based on a zone of inhibition of disc diffusion method. From this study, both squid inks could definitely be future applied as active antimicrobial ingredients into silicone.
DNA Biosensor on Optical Nanograting Structure
Authors: Chathirat Naphat , Hruanun Charndet , Poyai Amporn
Published: October 2015

We present a nanograting optical biosensor device, fabricated by photolithography, which is sensitive to changes in refractive index at the sensor surface. via changes in the reflectivity spectra. The grating was created by etching of a silicon nitride (Si3N4) film, which has a refractive index of 2.01, resulting in an array of Si3N4 pillars. The grating was coated by the high quality spin on glass material which has a low effective refractive index <1.50. The surface was functionalised with a layer of probe biomolecules for specific binding of the target DNA. Immobilization of the probe molecules was carried out via streptavidin – biotin interaction, the biotin modified ssDNA oligonucleotide probes were 23 bases in length (1010 copies/μl) and the sequence of the complementary ssDNA was 5’-TAC TCA TAC TTG AGG TTG AAA TT-3’(10, 100 and 1000 copies/μl). Results of the experiment showed that when molecules attached to the surface of the device, the position of the reflectance spectrum shifted due to the change of the optical path of light that is coupled into the nanograting structure. The extent of the wavelength shift (Δλ) of the peaks could be used to quantify the amount of materials bound to the sensor surface.
Heat Effect on Antimicrobial Properties of Plasticizer PEG Blended Chitosan
Authors: Nicomrat Duongruitai , Tharajak Jirasak , Soongsombat Pattarica
Published: October 2015

Chitosan is the second most abundant polysaccharide in nature, non-toxic, biocompatible, biodegradable, and bacteriostatic and fungistatic. Many researches have devoted on the development of new biodegradable materials especially films and coatings with its polysaccharides causing film-forming properties. The heating process during plasticization has been long known for its detrimental effects on a shelf life of chitosan and possibly its antimicrobial activity. In the study, we were interested in understanding of antimicrobial activity of chitosan after mixing with various amounts of plasticizer polyethylene glycol (PEG) under various temperatures but not further be plasticized chitosan films. From fifty percentages of chitosan obtained by deacetylation of chitin which was extracted from shrimp wastes. Chitosan was mixed with plasticizer PEG, incubated at room temperature, 40, 60, 80, or 100°C for 15 min, and observed for their microbial susceptibility. The results exhibited comparable effectiveness of the antimicrobial properties in chitosan and even quite lower in chitosan blended with PEG, in exhibiting antimicrobial activity. Additionally, antibacterial activities of chitosan blended with PEG were heat dependent. These overall data will be essential information for the development of antimicrobial films and coatings in food packaging with the extending shelf life.
Synergistic Effects of Cellulase-Producing Microorganisms for Future Bioconversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass
Authors: Nicomrat Duongruitai , Tharajak Jirasak
Published: October 2015

Lignocellulosic biomass can nowadays be bioconverted to value-added biofuels by numerous cellulases purified from diverse microbes. In nature, complex microbial communities produce multifunctional cellulase systems with broader substrate utilization and act sequentially in the synergistic action by subsequently converting cellulose into an utilizable energy source and glucose. This research was to apply cellulase producing isolates based on their possible synergistic action to degrade complex cellulose containing biomass. In the study, the microorganism species, isolated species from durian peels after macerated for 3 days and shown for their high biodegradation activity, Bacillus spp. (B12, B13, and B16) and Pseudomonas spp., (B23 and B55), could express high cellulase activity on carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and filter paper (FP). Bacillus spp. B13 and B16 showed high cellulase activity on soluble cellulose of CMC while B12 and B55 displayed high cellulase activity on crystalline insoluble cellulose of FP. To observe the synergistic effect of the cellulase-producing consortia, co-cultures of B12,B23 and F23 were grew well on both CMC and FP. Therefore, these findings of synergistic effects of microbial consortia could bring us a future work to develop high efficient cellulase producing systems for further industry application.
The Difference of Si/Al Ratio on Organo-Zeolite in the Adsorption of Atrazine and Linuron
Authors: Nutcharin Sirival
Published: October 2015

Linuron and atrazine as a kind of pesticides were used more widely in agriculture. The toxic effect in the environments, which accumulation in soil, water and human effect. Both of pesticides were adsorped using zeolites with batch method. Three difference types of zeolite were used for comparison. Those pesticides consisted of various Si/Al ratio which were 3.61 (Y), 8.61 (Y-10) and 111.35 (Y-100). The organo-zeolite, which modified with hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium (HDTMA) surfactant were used for comparison. It was found that the adsorption capacity of linuron more than atrazine 30 % for Y , 40 % for Y-10 and 10 % for Y-100. It can be explaned that the small molecules of linuron (thickness 6.12 Ao) could move onto pore size of zeolite (7.4 Ao). While the larger molecules of atrazine (thickness 9.6 Ao) could not do this. The maximum asorption capacities of all pesticides are Y-100 and MY-100 because they have most external area and hydrophobic properties which were form their most dealuminative potential. The comparison of MY-10 and Y-10 found that MY-10 has more adsorption capacities than Y-10 as follow 4 % for linuron and 20 % for atrazine since MY-10 has more increased hydrophobic force. Adsorption capacity of MY-100 is similar to Y-100. Adsorption capacities of MY is lower than Y since it has steric effect and pore blocked with surfactant. This results were identified by XRF, XRD, FT-IR, TGA and CHNS.
The Response of Optotune EL-10-30 Adaptive Lens at Various Frequency of Supplied Electric Current
Authors: Wittinanon Thanyapon , Chirapatpimol Khem
Published: October 2015

Adaptive focus lens imitates human eye where the focal length differs, resulting from changes in its lens curvature. This study involved an investigation of a commercial adaptive lens, Optotune EL-10-30, a shape-changing lens in which the lens curvatures can be modified by applying different level of electric currents. The resulted focal lengths were measured at various supplied electric currents at various frequencies to find limitation of the lens by means of photography.
Effect of Temperature on the Structural and Magnetic Properties of Co0.7Zn0.3Fe2O4 Ceramic Prepared from Solid State Reaction
Authors: Klumdoung Pattarinee , Pankaew Piyapong
Published: October 2015

In present study, the Co0.7Zn0.3Fe2O4 ceramic was prepared using solid state reaction. The crystal structure of prepared ceramic indicated as solid solution. The SEM result indicated the dense structure of prepared ceramic as increased sintering temperature. For VSM result of Co0.7Zn0.3Fe2O4 ceramic indicated the super paramagnetic behavior with high magnetization. These results could lead us to the development of Co0.7Zn0.3Fe2O4 ceramic preparation optimized for specific applications.
Effect of Zr/Ti Ratio on Electrical Properties of Pb0.91La0.09(ZrxTi1-x)O3 Ceramics
Authors: Funsueb Narit , Somwan Siripong , Chumprasert Ladapak , Promjun Tanabat , Limpichaipanit Apichart , Ngamjarurojana Athipong
Published: October 2015

In this study, Pb0.91La0.09(ZrxTi1-x)O3 ceramics ( x = 0.75, 0.70, 0.65, 0.60, 0.55 and 0.50) have been synthesized by conventional mixed oxide method via a vibro-milling technique. The effect of composition on phase formation and electrical properties of PLZT ceramics was investigated. All compositions of powders were uniaxially pressed in pellets and sintered at the temperatures of 1275°C for 2h. Phase formation, dielectric, ferroelectric strain properties of ceramics were characterized by XRD, LCR meter, modified Sawyer–Tower Circuit and modified Michelson interferometric technique respectively. In this study new materials will be systematically developed based on the material engineering approach (processing vs electrical properties).
Local Structure and Phase Formation of Lead Zinc Niobate Powders by X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy
Authors: Funsueb Narit , Promjun Tanabat , Ngamjarurojana Athipong
Published: October 2015

This work is aimed at synthesizing lead zinc niobate powders which consist of pyrochlore phases by modified solid-state reaction via a rapid vibro-milling in difference three synthesis routes: mixed oxide precursor (PZN-M) , columbite precuresor (PZN-C) and lead niobate precuresor (PZN-P). It involves the fabrication of PZN powder and study of phase formation and local structural environment of Zn ions by using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) techniques that compared the amount of pyrochlore phases with perovskite phase.
Preparation and Electrical Properties of Ba0.85Sr0.15Ti0.90Zr0.10O3 Ceramics Doped Sn by Seed-Induced Method
Authors: Sutjarittangtham Krit , Eitssayeam Sukum , Intatha Uraiwan , Leenakul Wilaiwan
Published: October 2015

Ba0.85Sr0.15Ti0.90Zr0.10O3 (BSZT) ceramics doped Sn was prepared by seed-induced method. The seed was prepared by molten salt method, NaCl-KCl (1:1 by mole) eutectic mixtures was used as the flux. The BSZT added seed with doped SnO were calcined at 1250 °C for 3 hrs and sintered at 1400 °C for 2 hrs, respectively. The phase formation and morphology of these samples were characterized via X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. From the above studies, it has been concluded that the maximum dielectric constant is 19147 at BSZT ceramics prepared by seed-induce method.
Preparation of Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride)/Silica Composite Nanofiber by Electrospinning Technique
Authors: Buddhakala Moragote , Muakngam Anchan
Published: October 2015

A composite nanofiber containing poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and silica (SiO2) were prepared by electrospinning of their mixtrues.The various amount of SiO2 nanoparticle was add with 15 wt.% PVDF solution in mixed solvent of N,N-dimethylacetamine (DMAc) : acetone at a ratio of 4:6 with the applied voltage of 8 kV, tip to collector distance of 10 cm and flow rate of 1 ml/hr. The morphology of the PVDF/SiO2 membranes was investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The effect of SiO2 concentration on the morphology of the composite membranes were discussed. Crystallinity of the composite membranes was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It was found that SiO2 concentration have significant influence on the morphology and crystallinity of PVDF/SiO2 membranes.
Fly Ash Incorporation into the Concrete Composites in Order to Improve their Environmental Performance
Authors: Ondrejka Harbulakova Vlasta , Eštoková Adriana , Luptáková Alena , Purcz Pavol
Published: October 2015

Fly ash, representing the fine particulate matter, can be widely used in concrete production in order to improve the concrete properties and its environmental performance. The paper is aimed at applying a statistical approach to evaluate the results of the chemical sulphate corrosion of cement composites with and without fly ash addition. Two aggressive media simulating a sulphate corrosion: 0.5 wt.% solution of H2SO4and 0.5 wt.% solution of Al2(SO4)3were used. The deterioration process was evaluated by dissolution of the basic components of cement composites due to the aggressive media ́ exposure. The concentrations of dissolved Ca, Si, Al, Fe, Mn and Cu ions in leachates were measured and used as input data in a correlation analysis.Significant and up to very high correlation coefficients have been calculated for all analysed ions leachability excepting cuprum. The findings revealed the similar leaching mechanisms of analysed ions from the concrete samples with 5 and 10 wt. % of fly ash addition. The addition of coal fly ash was not definitely confirmed to increase the environmental resistance of concrete samples in terms of calcium and silicon leaching.
The Influence of Temperature and Nature of CaO Component on the Formation of α-C2SH
Authors: Gendvilas Rokas , Siauciunas Raimundas
Published: October 2015

In this work hydrothermal synthesis was carried out at 175 and 200 °C for 2, 8, 16, 24 and 48 h when using a stoichiometric composition (CaO/SiO2=2.0) mixtures consisting of amorphous SiO2·nH2O and CaO or Ca (OH)2. It was determined that α-C2SH forms only after 16 h of the hydrothermal synthesis at 175 °C when using CaO. It starts to recrystallize to hilebrandite after 48 h. The temperature increase to 200 °C vividly fastens the formation of α-C2SH as a noticeable amount of this calcium silicate hydrate was identified in the product already after 2 h and it became the dominant compound after 8 h. In case of using Ca (OH)2, only negligible traces of α-C2SH were identified after 2 h and the growth of its amount in the product, while prolonging the synthesis, was much slower as it prevailed only after 16 h. In addition, considerable amounts of unreacted portlandite were identified in the product even after 48 h.
Mechanical Properties of Mortars Prepared by Alkali Activated Fly Ash Coming from Different Production Batches
Authors: Špak Matej , Raschman Pavel
Published: October 2015

Fly ash is a well utilizable secondary raw material for the production of alkali activated construction materials. It is a significant alumina-silicates source suitable for the chemical reaction resulting in hardened composites. Physical and chemical properties of fly ashes as a co-product of coal burning mainly depend on characteristics of coal, burning temperature and combustion conditions. High variability of the properties of fly ash causes an uncertainty in the properties of alkali activated mortars. Time behaviour of the composition of the fly ash produced in a heating plant located in Košice, Slovakia as well as leaching behaviour of both alumina and silica from particular batches during one-year period was documented. Leaching tests were carried out using the distilled water and alkali solutions with three different concentrations. Both compressive and tensile strengths of alkali activated mortars were measured, and the correlation between the mechanical properties of hardened mortars and the chemical composition of fly ashes as well as their leaching characteristics was investigated.
Role of Key Factors of Particulate Components in Biocomposites
Authors: Števulová Nadežda , Cigasova Julia , Schwarzova Ivana
Published: October 2015

The development of biocomposites based on natural fibres coming from plants and inorganic binder materials is in the foreground of research in the field of sustainable building materials. Biocomposites ́ properties are influenced by both particulate constituent characteristics. In last decades, the growing trend in using of plant fibres as filler and / or reinforcing material into biocomposites for building application is due to their renewability and environmentally friendly properties. Inorganic powdered binder substances, mainly Portland cement and/or hydraulic lime are used as matrix material in bio fibres reinforced composites. In this paper, the important characteristics of fibrous and isometric particles affecting the final properties of hardened composites will be discussed.
Measuring of Outdoor and Indoor Particulate Matter Concentrations in Village of Jasov
Authors: Vilcekova Silvia , Kubinova Judita , Kridlova Burdova Eva
Published: October 2015

Increase in particulate matter air contamination and its negative impact on human health have resulted in efforts to monitor and identify the sources. Particles are produced by photochemical atmospheric reactions and the coagulation of combustion products from automobiles and stationary sources, with lifetimes of several days or more. The occurrence of particulate matters indoors depends on outdoor pollution and its transport indoors as well as on the presence of indoor sources. This paper aims to carry out a measuring of particular matters concentrations in indoor air of selected buildings and in outdoor air in village of Jasov. The mass concentrations of particulate matters for fractions of 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 micrometers were measured and evaluated in order to determine the extent of exposure of people.
Atmospheric Deposition of Solid Particles in the Area of Košice
Authors: Hančuľák Jozef , Kurbel Tomáš , Fedorová Erika , Briančin Jaroslav , Šestinová Oľga , Findoráková Lenka , Špaldon Tomislav
Published: October 2015

The total atmospheric deposition (AD) was sampled in the urban and industrial area with iron and steel works and other urban sources of pollution. The eleven sampling sites have been placed on the roof above the height of the surrounding buildings at a distance of between 1 and 15 kilometers from the largest industrial source of air pollution in Slovakia. Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the AD of solid particles (PM) and the fluxes AD of elements (Fe, Al, Mn, Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr, Cd, As) were studied. Particle size distribution, SEM and EDX analysis were applied for PM characterization. Relatively high occurrence of fine particles under 10 µm (12.1 - 47.7%) were found in the samples. SEM and EDX analysis showed the presence of particles whose origin is mainly from emission sources of ironworks (Fe oxides, Fe-rich particles, Ca-rich particles, Mn-Fe oxides). The extremely high values of AD of Fe (18,551 and 27,232 µg.m-2.day-1) and Mn (695 and 1295 µg.m-2.day-1) were measured at two sites near (1.3 and 4.5 km) the iron and steel works compared to the AD of the other areas. The portion of emission sources iron and steel works on the AD of Fe and PM fluxes at the individual sites in the city was calculated in the range of 21.8 to 51.4%. The results from 2009–2014 are introduced.
Hiding Power of Aluminum Metal Pigments Development in the Ball Mill Grinding Process
Authors: Sverak Tomas , Bulejko Pavel , Sikorova Katerina , Kejik Pavel , Kristof Ondrej , Raudenský Miroslav
Published: October 2015

Aluminum powders are used in porous concrete constructional elements production, in coating compositions and varnish media industry, introduction of printing inks and finally but not less in chemical and pyrotechnical production. The purpose of atypical grinding processes is to obtain fine metal powders of extremely high specific surface which should be evaluated by the parameter of hiding power ability of pigment materials. This paper shows the development of this basic parameter of metal pigment products under the wet process of milling using a pilot-plant ball mill, as a function of milling time and turns of mill drum as one of the basic parameters.
The Effect of Sediment Grain Size on Heavy Metal Content in Different Depth in Water Reservoir Ruzin, Slovakia
Authors: Singovszka Eva , Junakova Natalia , Balintova Magdalena
Published: October 2015

Particle size is a fundamental property of any sediment, which can provide important information about its nature and provenance. The particle size distribution requires precise determination using a rapid and reliable method with a high resolution. Grain size is the essential factor influencing the heavy metal contents in sediment and is the most fundamental property of sediment particles, affecting their entrainment, transport and deposition.
The aim of this paper is to present the results of the effect of particle size on heavy metal (Cu, Zn, Fe, Pb and As) distributions in sediments. Dependence between the distribution of metals in the examined profile of the sediments from Ruzin water reservoir on the different size of particles and depth is unambiguous for Cu, Zn and Fe with exception of Pb and As.
Influence of Opoka Additive on Composite Cement Hydration
Authors: Barauskas Irmantas , Kaminskas Rimvydas , Stanaitis Aivaras , Vilkaite Ieva
Published: October 2015

The purpose of this research is to identify influence of natural pozzolana - opoka additive on hydration properties of the composite cement consisting of clinker, slag, opoka and gypsum. Recipes are created by reducing the amount of clinker from 60% to 20% to meet the requirements of cement composition according EN 197-1 standard (table 3).It was estimated that slag and opoka are increasing strength properties of the samples and accelerates the hydration of C3S, moreover, participate in pozzolanic reaction in the composite cement. Slag has a greater effect on the compressive strength of samples after 1 month of hydration and opoka - after 3 months. It was found that opoka additive accelerates the hydration of C3S more to compare with slag.
Analysis of Mixing of Particulate Material by a Single Blade
Authors: Peciar Peter , Peciar Marian , Fekete Roman
Published: October 2015

For a correct estimation of the energy demands of particulate systems mixing it is necessary to know the stress in the particulate material situated in front of the mixing element. Despite the theoretical knowledge of the overall stress in front of the homogenizer blade, so far there is no experimental verification in the literature, due to the current absence of a suitable measuring system. This study focuses on an understanding of the distribution of the force interactions between the particulate material and the blade along its height during the mixing process. The theoretical background of this process results from the theory of equilibrium limit of the particulate material, and this state may by described by Mohrʼs circle theory. The Novosad model is the theoretical model which enables an approximate calculation of the force acting on the blade. This model takes into account the effect of the mechanical and physical properties of the particulate material. By modifying the fundamentals of the Novosad model, it will be possible to identify the force distribution along the height of the blade. For the verification of this theoretical study, a new patented measuring system was designed and implemented in the homogenizer blade.
Research of Relations between Thermodynamic Quantities of Building Materials in Connection with Heat Dissipation
Authors: Kušnerová Milena , Valíček Jan , Václavík Vojtěch , Harničárová Marta , Gola Lukáš
Published: October 2015

This paper proposes the evaluation of material coefficient of heat dissipation rate for building materials, in particular using partial entropies, a temporal change in entropy upon heating a sample of a studied material and a temporal change in entropy upon overheating a sample of a studied material, in order to evaluate the rate of heat dissipation on samples of building materials with thermal insulating properties. From a physical point of view, the material parameter “specific heat capacity” generally refers to the ability of material to “conceive heat” so it can be said that the illustrated material Ytong has a slightly higher specific heat capacity than that of polyurethane. From a physical point of view, the material parameter “thermal conductivity” generally refers to the ability of a given material to “conduct heat through the material in connection with stationary heat flux”, so it can be assumed as well as verified by measuring that Ytong also has a higher thermal conductivity than that of polyurethane. From a physical point of view, the newly proposed material parameter “heat dissipation rate” generally indicates the “rate of heat loss to the external environment in connection with non-stationary heat flux”, so it may also be assumed and verified by measuring that the heat dissipation rate of Ytong will be higher than that of polyurethane.
The Ability of Slag-Portland Cement Composites to Withstand Aggressive Environment
Authors: Kovalcikova Martina , Eštoková Adriana , Luptáková Alena , Strigac Julius
Published: October 2015

The use of separately ground blast-furnace slag, added at the mixer as a replacement for a portion of the Portland cement, has gained increasing acceptance in recent years. The effects of partial replacement of Portland cement with ground slag on the properties of hardened concrete have been extensively investigated and reported. Both laboratory testing and field experience have shown that properly proportioned slag-Portland cement concretes have the improved resistance to sulfates and seawater compared to regular Portland mixes.
The paper is focused on the effects of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans on concrete mixtures with addition of ground granulated blast furnace slag compared to mixture without any additives. The concrete specimens with 65 and 75 % wt. addition of antimicrobial activated granulated blast furnace slag as durability increasing factor as well as without any addition were investigated in laboratory during the nine 7-day cycles. A laboratory study was conducted to comparison the performance of concrete samples in terms of a concrete deterioration influenced by the leaching of calcium and silicon compounds from the cement matrix. The changes in the elemental concentrations of calcium and silicon ions in leachates were measured by using X – ray fluorescence method. The pH values were measured and evaluated after each cycle. The concrete specimen with 65 % wt. addition of antimicrobial activated granulated blast furnace slag was found to have the best leaching performance of calcium ions than other samples. The final concentration of Si ions in leachate of concrete specimen with 75 % wt. addition of antimicrobial activated granulated blast furnace slag affected with bacteria Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans (4.614 mg/g of concrete sample) was observed to be 1.263 times lower than reference sample without any additives. The higher resistance of concrete samples with the addition of antimicrobial activated granulated blast furnace slag to the aggressive environment was confirmed.
Revisiting the Timing of Action of the PAG Adaptor Using Quantitative Proteomics Analysis of Primary T Cells
Authors: Reginald Kavita , Chaoui Karima , Roncagalli Romain , Beau Mathilde , Goncalves Menoita Marisa , Monsarrat Bernard , Burlet-Schiltz Odile , Malissen Marie , Gonzalez de Peredo Anne , Malissen Bernard
Published: October 2015

The protein tyrosine kinase LCK plays a key role in TCR signaling, and its activity is dynamically controlled by the tyrosine kinase C-terminal Src kinase (CSK) and the tyrosine phosphatase CD45. CSK is brought in contiguity to LCK via binding to a transmembrane adaptor known as phosphoprotein associated with glycosphingolipid-enriched microdomains (PAG). The lack of a blatant phenotype in PAG-deficient mice has impeded our understanding of the mechanisms through which PAG exerts its negative-regulatory role in TCR signaling. We used quantitative mass spectrometry and both thymocytes and CD4+ T cells from mice in which a tag for affinity purification was knocked in the gene coding for PAG to determine the composition and dynamics of the multiprotein complexes that are found around PAG over 5 min of activation. Most of the high-confidence interactions that we observed were previously unknown. Using phosphoproteomic analysis, PAG showed low levels of tyrosine phosphorylation in resting primary mouse CD4+ T cells; the levels of tyrosine phosphorylation increased and reached a maximum 2 min after stimulation. Analysis of the dynamics of association of the protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPN22 and lipid phosphatase SHIP-1 with PAG following T cell activation suggests that both cooperate with CSK to terminate T cell activation. Our findings provide a model of the role for PAG in mouse primary CD4+ T cells that is consistent with recent phosphoproteomic studies of the Jurkat T cell line but difficult to reconcile with former biochemical studies indicating that PAG is constitutively phosphorylated in resting T cells and rapidly dephosphorylated once the TCR is engaged.
Mini-Workshop: Asymptotic Statistics on Stratified Spaces
Authors: Feragen Aasa , Huckemann Stephan , Marron James Stephen , Miller Ezra
Published: October 2015

Statistical analysis of non-Euclidean data such as data on manifolds is an active and established topic of research, for instance, in the statistical analysis of shape. However, many types of data naturally reside in metric spaces which are not smooth manifolds as a whole, rather they are unions of manifold strata of varying dimensions. These spaces form a key general family of geometric spaces for data analysis. Statistics in stratified spaces has recently found great interest in applications and mathematical theory building. While the fundamental theory is still in its beginnings, as a centerpiece the derivation and investigation of statistics and their asymptotics has materialized. Only a few basic results are known, but it is clear that the geometric constraints imposed by stratified spaces lead to unexpected asymptotic behavior of standard statistical properties, such as “stickiness” of means, see [4]. It is the scope of the proposed workshop to better understand fundamental relations between asymptotic behavior of statistical descriptors and global as well as local geometric and topological structures. This investigation calls for an intense collaboration of the fields involved: statistics & stochastics; geometry & topology; combinatorics, algorithms & numerics. This workshop sought to bring together world-leading scientists and high-potential early career researchers working in this field to collaborate on a focused set of fundamental questions.
Arbeitsgemeinschaft: Totally Disconnected Groups
Authors: Caprace Pierre-Emmanuel , Monod Nicolas
Published: October 2015

Locally compact groups are ubiquitous in the study of many continuous or discrete structures across geometry, analysis and algebra. Every locally compact group is an extension of a connected group by a totally disconnected group. The connected case has been studied in depth, notably using Lie theory, a culminating point being reached in the 1950s with the solution to Hilbert’s 5th problem. The totally disconnected case, by contrast, remains full of challenging questions. A series of new results has been obtained in the last twenty years, and today the activity in this area is witnessing a sharp increase. These texts report on the recent Arbeitsgemeinschaft on this topic.
Valuation Theory and Its Applications
Authors: Chatzidakis Zoé , Kuhlmann Franz-Viktor , Koenigsmann Jochen , Pop Florian
Published: October 2015

In recent years, the applications of valuation theory in several areas of mathematics have expanded dramatically. In this workshop, we presented applications related to algebraic geometry, number theory and model theory, as well as advances in the core of valuation theory itself. Areas of particular interest were resolution of singularities and Galois theory.
Combinatorial Optimization
Authors: Cornuéjols Gérard P. , Eisenbrand Friedrich , Shepherd Bruce
Published: October 2015

Combinatorial Optimization is an area of mathematics that thrives from a continual influx of new questions and problems from practice. Attacking these problems has required the development and combination of ideas and techniques from different mathematical areas including graph theory, matroids and combinatorics, convex and nonlinear optimization, discrete and convex geometry, algebraic and topological methods. We continued a tradition of triannual Oberwolfach workshops, bringing together the best international researchers with younger talent to discover new connections with a particular emphasis on emerging breakthrough areas.
Mini-Workshop: Reflection Positivity in Representation Theory, Stochastics and Physics
Authors: Neeb Karl-Hermann , Olafsson Gestur , Jorgensen Palle E.T.
Published: October 2015

The central focus of the workshop was reflection positivity, its occurrence in physics, representation theory, abstract harmonic analysis, and stochastic analysis. The program was intrinsically interdisciplinary and included talks covering different aspects of reflection positivity.