bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Education as Phantasmagoria
Authors:   M.I. Glinka Novosibirsk State Conservatory, Russian Federation, Kurlenya Konstantin
Published: January 2021

This text discusses the argumentation of the authors of the article “Carnival Time: Russian Higher Eductaion and Science in the Postmodern Era” by Doctor of Economics, Professor P.A. Orekhovsky and Doctor of Philosophy, Professor V.I. Razumov, where they analyze the situation in modern Russian higher education. It is noted that the desire to expand the boundaries of scientific discourse on this urgent topic leads researchers to search for non-traditional methods of analysis of the current situation in education. In this case, the author considers the modern problems of domestic education through the prism of the literary theory of the carnival developed by M.M. Bakhtin for the analysis of artistic phenomena of a completely different order. It is argued that the experience of a critical understanding of the problems of education in the artistic works of various authors and eras leads to obvious parallels both among themselves and with the current situation in the domestic higher education, which is confirmed by a comparison of P.A. Orekhovsky’s and V.I. Razumov’s observations and conclusions, with texts by Lao She, Jean Baudrillard, Yuval Noah Harari, with the statements of the President and Chairman of the Board of Sberbank of Russia G.O. Gref and Assistant to the President of the Russian Federation, previously the Minister of Education of the Russian Federation, A.A. Fursenko. On the basis of multiple comparisons of a number of texts and statements, it is concluded that the progressive stratification and destruction of the system of domestic education reflects a global trend due to a change in the global social assessment of the meaning of truth and the scientific knowledge needed to find it, and the practical use in the interests of all mankind, or part of it. The author supports the forecasts by P.A. Orekhovsky and V.I. Razumov about the upcoming change in the types of institutions of science and education, as well as about imminent changes in the field of goal-setting and the organization of intellectual activity in states with developed scientific and educational potential.
High School Crisis or Stagnation? From Humanitarian Metaphors and Journalism towards Weberian Political Sociology
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy and Law of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Rozov Nikolai ,   Novosibirsk State University, Russian Federation,   Novosibirsk State Technical University,  Russian Federation
Published: January 2021

This is a response to the article by P.A. Orekhovsky and V.I. Razumov, “The Carnival Time: Russian Higher School and Science in the Postmodern Era”. Treatment of the negative phenomena of modern higher education in Russia using such humanitarian metaphors as “carnival”, “postmodern”, “the society of spectacle” is not productive, as well as journalistic invectives such as “spiritual prostitution”. The Weberian paradigm of political sociology as more adequate approach includes four areas of analysis: 1) politics, administration; relations of power within the university and around it, 2) economy, monetary and other resource relations in higher education, 3) culture, symbolic sphere, status, prestige, reputation as social relations. 4) solidarity and conflict; violence and violence control. The usual qualification of what is happening in Russian higher education as a “crisis” is also doubtful. A real crisis is a condition that has ceased to be acceptable while the usual ways and means of correcting the situation are useless. With this understanding no “crisis” is observed in modern higher education in Russia. The dissatisfaction of certain groups does not at all lead to an unacceptable state, to the subsequent intensive search for reasons and adequate ways to rectify the situation. Indeed, higher education in Russia is gradually leaning toward greater bureaucracy, simulation, virtualization-distance, and segregation. This state is not referred to as a “crisis”, but as a relatively stable equilibrium, getting into the attractor with vicious “stability” i.e. stagnation with slow but steady degradation. An exit from this state is extremely difficult, fraught with great alarms and threats. In order to switch to the “successful dynamism” attractor the discontent of involved social should lead to productive discussions with the indispensable participation of management practitioners, administrations of different levels, potential employers, resources holders. These groups on the basis of solidarity and trust then should realize pilot reforms with monitoring, promotion and incentives for the dissemination of successful experiences.
Taking "Pandemic" Seriously: Making the Black Death Global
Authors: Green Monica
Published: January 2021

This essay introduces the inaugural issue of The Medieval Globe, “Pandemic Disease in the Medieval World: Rethinking the Black Death”. It suggests that the history of the pathogen Yersinia pestis, as it has now been reconstructed by molecular biology, allows for an expanded definition of the Second Plague Pandemic. Historiography of the Black Death has hitherto focused on a limited number of vector and host species, and on Western Europe and those parts of the Islamicate world touching the Mediterranean littoral. Biological considerations suggest the value of a broadened framework, one that encompasses an enlarged range of host species and draws on new archeological, genetic, and historical researches to look for the presence of plague in the premodern Indian Ocean basin and East Africa, areas where it has previously not been suspected.
Plague Persistence in Western Europe: A Hypothesis
Authors: Carmichael Ann G.
Published: January 2021

Historical sources documenting recurrent plagues of the “Second Pandemic” usually focus on urban epidemic mortality. Instead, plague persists in remote, rural hinterlands: areas less visible in the written sources of late medieval Europe. Plague spreads as fleas move from relatively resistant rodents, which serve as “maintenance hosts,” to an array of more susceptible rural mammals, now called “amplifying hosts.” Using sources relevant to plague in thinly populated Central and Western Alpine regions, this paper postulates that Alpine Europe could have been a region of plague persistence via its population of wild rodents, particularly the Alpine marmot.
Cultural Transactions: An Introduction to Medieval Seals from a Global Perspective
Authors: Bedos-Rezak Brigitte Miriam
Published: January 2021

Extensive geographic coverage, including China, South East Asia, Arabia, Sasanian Persia, the Muslim Empire, the Byzantine empire, and Western Europe allows the essays gathered in this volume to offer a well differentiated examination of seals and sealing practices between 400 and 1500 CE. Contributors expose rather than assume the inter-subjective, transnational, and transcultural connectivity at work within the varied processes mediated by seals and sealing – representation, authorization, identification, and transmission. These essays encourage an understanding that seals operated in liminal, transitional situations arising from legal, administrative, martial, mercantile, or diplomatic encounters, creating cross-cultural sealing networks in which adaption and accommodation underlay the force of seals as objects and images that generate sociocultural identification through mutual exchange and visual hybridity.
Imprinting Powers: The Astrological Seal and its Doctrinal Meanings in the Latin West
Authors: Weill-Parot Nicolas
Published: January 2021

The article studies the issue of "astrological seals"—imprinted talismans deriving their powers from the stars—within the general framework of medieval theological and philosophical thought about seals. First, it looks at how astrological sigilla are described in treatises on magic, notably that of Theel, the Pseudo-Ptolemy's Centiloquium, the Liber formarum (ascribed to Hermes), and the work of the Spanish physician Estéfano. Second, it focuses on two comparisons put forward and rejected by theologians: William of Auvergne's analysis of the analogy between the astrological talisman and the royal seal, and an anonymous academic quaestio from the fifteenth century, dealing with the parallel between the sealing process and celestial influence. Third, it considers the way that Albert the Great took advantage of the distinctive features of seals, in order to explain the astrological seal within a purely naturalistic framework, and the opposing views of Thomas Aquinas. It concludes in the fifteenth century, when Galeotto Marzio brought a naturalistic explanation for the working of astrological seals to completion.
Pater Don't Preach: Byzantine Theology, Female Sexuality, and Histories of Global Encounter in the "English" Paenitentiale Theodori
Authors: Wade Erik
Published: January 2021

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content: IN THE LATE seventh century, a woman asked Theodore of Tarsus (602–690), archbishop of Canterbury and primate of all England, a question about marriage. She was one of many people who flocked to Theodore and his learned companion, the North African–born Abbot Hadrian (d. 710), after their arrival in Canterbury from Rome in 669/670. This nameless woman revealed that she had been married previously and, after the death of her husband, had vowed never to take another spouse. However, eleven years later, she was now remarried but still felt conflicted about her earlier vow. Her question reflects a deeply Christian understanding of marriage as a union making two people literally into carne una (one flesh), as Jesus had put it in the gospel of Matthew. Theodore would have been familiar with local debates over the interpretation of this passage, though [End Page 1] he was probably even more familiar with Eastern Orthodox theological opinions, such as John Chrysostom's influential treatise De non iterando coniugio (Against Remarriage).
Fit for an Umayyad Prince: An Eighth-Century Map or the Earliest Mimetic Painting of the Moon?
Authors: Pinto Karen
Published: January 2021

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content: THE UNESCO WORLD Heritage site of Qusayr 'Amra is one of the most famous places for early Islamic art (Figure 2.1). This lavishly illustrated bathhouse, dated firmly to the period of 723–743, contains a treasure trove of mural images that have been described as capturing "a men's locker-room view of the world." With the possible exception of the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem, another Umayyad construction, more has been written on Qusayr 'Amra than on any other early Islamic art historical site. But unlike its flashy rival in Jerusalem, Qusayr 'Amra emerges out of the sands of the Syro-Arabian desert (Badiyat ash-Sham) like a hidden set of burnished pearls. Tucked away in the depression of Jordan's Wadi Butum, the valley of the Terebinth Pistachio trees that extends to the oasis of Azraq, it lies about 100 km east of Amman in an area known for its Umayyad desert castles.
"And God Dispersed Their Unity": Historiographical Patterns in Recounting the End of Muslim Rule in Sicily and al-Andalus
Authors: Denaro Roberta
Published: January 2021

This article focuses on the different strategies adopted by Muslim historians to cope with the crises that struck the western Islamic Mediterranean between the eleventh and the twelfth centuries, focusing especially on narratives of defeat related to Sicily and al-Andalus. It examines the extent to which these narratives evoke the battle of Uḥud, taken as the archetypal narrative of defeat, and how they feature, in a reversed fashion, motifs peculiar to the narratives of futūḥāt (early Islamic conquests). Finally, the article considers some historical anecdotes that attribute a key role in accounts of discord—and the subsequent defeat—to the abuse of a female power: a topos well-attested across many cultures.
Recontextualizing Indigenous Knowledge on the Prussian–Lithuanian Frontier, ca. 1380–1410
Authors: Meehan Patrick
Published: January 2021

This article analyzes a compilation of navigational texts produced by the Teutonic crusading order around 1400, arguing that the recontextualization of geographic knowledge—from local guides to written records—illuminates a spectrum of encounters and exchanges, both violent and collaborative, between indigenous people and Western colonizers in northeastern Europe.
What to Wear for Whiteness?
Authors: Krivonos Daria , Diatlova Anastasia
Published: January 2021

Drawing on two ethnographic projects, one among Russian-speaking women engaged in commercial sex, the other among young Russian-speaking migrants in Finland, we interrogate how the construct of Eastern European female body is positioned in relation to the norm of (Western) Europeanness and white femininity. We show how Russian-speaking migrant women in Finland learn of their ‘Russianness’ and ‘Easternness’ through the circulation of the ‘whore’ stigma. We analyse these processes of racialisation and sexualisation in the context of the Finnish national project based on gender equality and women’s liberation norms. While normative Western Europeanness has recently been constructed through emancipated sexuality and the exclusion of non-Western Others as sexually repressed, the bodies of Russian-speaking women are perceived as sexually excessive and in need of toning down. Focusing on the (self-)policing of Russian-speaking migrant women’s bodies and the ways they navigate acceptable and unacceptable forms of gendered self-presentation, we demonstrate how these women are construed as not emancipated enough and hence not quite white. The article thereby contributes to understanding hierarchies of whiteness within the East/West dynamics of race as they pertain to gender and sexuality.
Efficiecy of modern treatment methods for locally advanced cancer of the external ear: review
Authors: Mudunov A. M. , Khazarova E. G. , Alymov Yu. V.
Published: January 2021

Skin cancer of external ear is a very aggressive type of cancer with spread to the parotid gland, bone structures of the lateral skull base, meninges and brain tissue. At the same time, malignant tumors of the external ear are very rare disease, accounting for 0.2 % of all malignant head and neck tumors. This fact explains the small amount of investigation in this scientific field. Now, does not exist unanimous opinion about the treatment tactics for patient with locally advanced ear cancer. Surgical tactics for volumes of block resections of the temporal bone are different. Controversial issues relate to the appropriateness of surgical treatment in general in the case of advanced tumor process. In this article we performed publication analysis devoted to selection of optimal treatment tactics for patient with locally advanced ear cancer.
The Engraving Of John Droeshout ‘King James I Of England And VI Of Scotland With Truth And Time, Memory And History’ (1651): An Interpretation
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Levchenko Illia
Published: January 2021

This essay aimed at iconological analysis of an engraving by John Droeshout. During the study, the author applied classical methods of art history: iconological and iconographical, method of formal stylistic analysis of Heinrich Wölfflin, culture-historical method of Jacob Burkhardt. The engraving dates back to 1651 – by that time the King has been already dead. Thus, it allows to explore the commemorative and representative practices of his successors. Droeshout's engraving and poetic commentary testify that the language of visual arts was perceived as optional and ancillary; one that helps to understand the plot of the book better (visually). Droeshout tests the weakening of the concept of ‘the divine right of Kings’. The images of skulls, time and candles are typical allegories of memento mori and vanitas. These images function in two dimensions at once: 1) indicating that King dies in the same way as ordinary people do; 2) while connecting the anthropomorphic images of Time, Truth, History, Memory they also indicating the inevitable restoration of Truth, which Time will return to History with the help of Memory. The prospect of further research is the disclosure of interaction between the narrative and the image of James I, which functioned in the English society of the revolutionary period (1640-1689). At the same time the ‘visual language’ of the elements of engraving (the symbolism of windows next to the figures of Memory and History, rugs behind the King's figure) should be explored.
«Chapel» By Taras Shevchenko (1845): Attribution Of A Historical Prototype
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts, Lastovskyi Valerii , Kushtan Dmytro ,   Institute of Archaeology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: January 2021

The article deals with the attribution of the famous drawing by Taras Shevchenko the "Chapel", created in 1845. The original name of the artwork is unknown as well as circumstances of how exactly Taras Shevchenko created this picture. It is also unknown if Taras Shevchenko visited Cherkasy in 1845. It is widely accepted that the poet stayed in Cherkasy only in the 1850s. Nevertheless, the drawing of the Chapel makes it possible to claim that Taras Shevchenko visited Cherkasy in 1845 and could create this drawing during his stay there. This is evidenced by the drawing itself. The landscape itself reminds rather the view of the Castle Mountain in Cherkasy than any other place in the region. Some researchers claim that Shevchenko created this picture in the village of Medvedivka. This opinion is based on several reasons, includind the artwork’s placement in the album, which contains many drawings from Chyhyryshchyna, as well as the existence of a similar chapel in the village Medvedivka, painted by the Polish artist Kazimir Pzyszychowski. However, a comparison of the drawings by Shevchenko and Pzyshikhovsky respectively shows that these were two different structures. Therefore, the authors conclude that Taras Shevchenko could draw his chapel only in Cherkasy. An analysis of the local routes that were in use by the mid-nineteenth century shows that Taras Shevchenko had to pass through Cherkasy once in 1845.
«We Don’t Believe You, Nicolas»: Royalist Publicism As A Source Of French Anti-Napoleonic Caricature
Authors:   The Bohdan and Varvara Khanenko National Museum of Arts, Isaikova Oleksandra
Published: January 2021

The article refers to the connection between royalist publicism and anti-Napoleonic caricature through the example of two etchings from the Khanenko Museum collection. The task of royalist propaganda was to undermine the authority of Napoleon Bonaparte and, at the same time, to set society in favor of the Bourbon restoration. This causes the specifics of the anti-Napoleonic pamphlets and caricatures, which were usually focused on creating of the repulsive images of the emperor. At the same time, it is easy to notice that the authors of texts and images operated with a common set of motifs, images, as well as they used similar techniques. Therefore, the analysis of pamphlets provides better understanding of the subject of studied etchings and helps to clarify the meaning of certain details. Furthermore, taking into account that caricature was often secondary to the texts, author strived to find the literary sources of the studied caricatures and came to the conclusion that Charon’s famous engraving “The Height of Cannibalism” was strongly influenced by the François-René Chateaubriand’s “Report on the State of France” (1815). The matching texts, as well as the general consonance of the caricature “Arrival of Nicolas Buonaparte in Tuileries on January 20, 1815” with Rougemaitre’s popular anti-Napoleonic pamphlet “Life of Nicolas” (1815) suggests that the latter was among the caricaturist’s sources of inspiration at least.
COGNITIVE MARKETING AS A MODERN MANAGEMENT STRATEGY
Authors: Krykun V.A.
Published: January 2021

The development and essence of the cognitive marketing are considered in the article. Cognitive marketing is based on cognitive psychology, behavioral economics, classical marketing, which, in addition to such synergy, allows to understand more deeply customer's behavior and develop tools of traditional marketing, to help create effective marketing strategies for product positioning and product development. Cognitive psychology examines various mental processes of a person, such as sensation and perception, pattern recognition, attention, learning, memory, concept formation, thinking, speech, emotions, and developmental processes. Behavioral economics combines the study of psychological and economic sciences. Studies in behavioral economics show that in many cases people are not inclined to act under the requirements of neoclassical economics and often show a tendency to completely irrational behavior. Cognitive marketing means the establishment of new needs, not previously assimilated by the consumer of the product, which not only will satisfy the functional tasks of the given product, but will establish a new style and standard of living, that consumers of this product will desire. In the article main effects of cognitive marketing, such as formation of new lifestyle and customer's culture, new rules and practices of using products and behavior within a set situation, new vogue, trends and ways to be unique and trendy by using defined brands are considered. Also, some successful examples of proper usage of cognitive marketing on international market are analyzed.
Key words: cognitive marketing, cognitive psychology, behavioral economics
Social Phobia and Avoidant Personality Disorder: Comorbidity and Clinical-Diagnostic Problems (Analytical Review)
Authors: Didenko A.V. , Aksenov M.M. , Alenina O.K.
Published: January 2021

When assessing social phobia and avoidant personality disorder, a number of researchers consider their comorbidity in the continuum of social anxiety and avoidance within a single mental disorder. Based on the analysis and generalization of research data, it is shown that social phobia and avoidant personality disorder have close clinical and pathogenetic links, but very differentiated depending on the contribution of biological, socio-psychological and environmental factors to the formation of pathology. At the present stage of studying the problem, it is premature to talk about the existence of a single mental disorder or its alternative conceptualization. The directions for further study of comorbid relationships associated with the search for markers of differences between avoidant personality disorder and social phobia in the form of biological, personality, cognitive and behavioral (avoidant behavior) parameters are proposed. The study of these markers in dynamics, as well as in the context of the influence of environmental and sociocultural factors, seems promising. The data obtained in the course of further research will be in demand in therapeutic practice.
Intervention Services for Female Visually Impaired Children in Saudi Arabia: A Qualitative Exploration
Authors: Alanazi M.S.
Published: January 2021

This study investigated how well the intervention services for blind female children in Saudi Arabia met the needs and expectations of blind female students, their parents and teachers. It explored the reasons for the particular choice of interventions and examined how they could be improved. The case study is based on the literature, mainly a documentary review of papers produced by the Ministry of Education, policies and curriculum information from the schools and other public sector documents. The study adopted a qualitative methodology, with the researcher’s involvement in interpretation of the findings clearly described in the concluding section. It also involved a series of semi-structured interviews with children, parents, and teachers followed by a series of observations at the schools. The interview findings were analysed by identifying main themes. The most important findings were that teachers needed to have a warm relationship with and a special interest in their students; there were the needs to have more flexibility and freedom in the curriculum for teachers to design school and individual curricula combined with greater use of the available technology; and more practical, useful and relevant subjects should be included to improve the quality of intervention services. The design of buildings to suit blind female children should also be considered as Saudi Arabia continues its ambitious education restructuring programme.
Cartografia contemporânea do comum e sua vertente no Direito Romano: um contraponto jurídico
Authors: Borges Gustavo Silveira , Filó Maurício Savino da Cunha
Published: January 2021

Resumo: Este artigo tem por objetivo discutir a temática do Comum a partir da vertente do direito romano, tendo como foco a análise da propriedade, a partir do método do contraponto jurídico entre paradigmas distintos. Para a realização deste objetivo geral, o artigo se dividiu em duas partes distintas: num primeiro momento se explicou a emergência dos comuns, por meio de autores especializados nesta temática, para, num segundo momento, verificar como o Direito Romano tratou de propriedades que hoje podem se enquadrar no que se denomina comum. Utilizouse o método de abordagem dedutivo, mediante pesquisa bibliográfica. Ao final, pôde-se responder ao questionamento sobre "como Direito Romano pode contribuir para uma fundamentação jurídica do comum". Em linhas gerais, concluise que existem contribuições que se encontram nas Institutas de Gaio, no Digesto de Justiniano e na própria concepção de República dos Romanos, que podem ser aproveitados pelo Direito.Palavras-chave: comum; direitos humanos; instituições políticas; participação social; republicanismo.Abstract: This article aims to discuss the theme of the Common from the sight of Roman law, focusing on the analysis of property, from the method of the legal counterpoint between different paradigms. In order to achieve this general objective, the article was divided into two distinct parts: at first, the emergence of the commons was explained, through specialized authors in this subject; in a second moment, it was verified how the Roman Law dealt with properties that today can fit into what is called common. The deductive approach method was used through a bibliographic research. In the end, one could answer the question "how can Roman law contribute to a legal foundation of the common". In general, it can be concluded that there are contributions found in the Institutes of Gaius, Justinian's Digestion, and in the very conception of the Republic of the Romans, which can be used by law.Keywords: commons; human rights; political institutions; social participation; republicanism.
Influence of artificial skull sutures in young animals on its growth and development
Authors: Babkin B. P.
Published: January 2021

At the date of June 30, 1890 at the Paris Academy of Sciences, Academician Verneuil presented a report to prof. Lannelongue under the title "On the skull in microcephaly" (De le Craniectomie dans la microcephalie).
Prof. S. S. Korsakov "Bed keeping during the treatment of acute forms of mental illnesses and the changes caused by them in the organization of institutions for the mentally ill". Journal of neurops. and psychiatr. named after S. S. Korsakov. 1901 book. I and II
Authors: Yanishevskiy L.
Published: January 2021

Having cited in detail the Russian literature on bed keeping, the author noted the fact that the contradictory views on bed keeping occur apparently from the confusion of understanding about bed keeping, as a healing method and as a special system. Having indicated for the first time such a difference, the author analyzes the issue in detail from these two sides. The main principle of the system of bedding should be the creation in the hospital of that "atmosphere", which by itself contributes to the fact that the mentally ill use the content in bed as much as they need.
Chronicle and mix
Authors: Nikolaev V. V.
Published: January 2021

Privat-docept of Kazan University in the Department of Nervous and Mental Diseases and Assistant at the Department of Psychiatry, Doctor of Medicine B.I. Vorotynskiy was appointed senior physician of psychiatr. dep. Odessa city hospital. We sincerely congratulate Dr. B. I. Vorotynsky on his appointment and are glad that the Odessa City Administration has chosen a person of high quality and serious scientific and practical training, which we are well aware of. The society of neuropathologists and psychiatrists, with regret, is parted with him, as with one of the most active of its members, and the editorial board of our magazine with a secretary who has performed this duty since the foundation of the Society and the journal.
HPTLC Profile of Phenolic Compounds Presents in Extracts Obtained from Different Varieties of White and Red Grape Pomace
Authors: Corina Bubueanu , Ducu Catalin , Tabrea Ioana , Moga Sorin
Published: January 2021

Grape pomace is used in different areas in the food and food supplement, cosmetic, pharmaceutic industries, and for compost or animal food. The chemical composition is different between white and red grapes varieties, depending also on the sort of wine obtained. Grape pomace contains various chemical compounds from the following classes: phenolics, proteins, minerals, lipids.  Our goal was to show the HPTLC fingerprint for quality evaluation and total phenol content for the quantitative evaluation of extracts obtained from 4 varieties of grape pomace (Feteasca regala, Riesling, Burgund, Cabernet Sauvignon). The extracts were obtained by UAE and MAE. The HPTLC fingerprints of the extract shown that there are 4 compounds present in all samples: rutin, hyperoside and, chlorogenic and caffeic acids. In all samples was observed the presence of resveratrol. Total phenol content expressed as gallic (GAE) acid equivalents per 100ml extract were between 4.75% and 13.08%.
The flood of October 9, 2018 in the city centre of Sant Llorenç des Cardassar (Mallorca)
Authors: Grimalt-Gelabert Miquel , Bauzá-Llinás Joan , Genovart-Rapado María C.
Published: January 2021

Since the 1940s, the city centre of Sant Llorenç des Cardassar has suffered from several flooding episodes from the several tributaries of ca n’Amer creek. Five lives lost and a significant impact on the population were the result of the most relevant flood in the series that occurred in 2018. In this paper, an analysis of the historical relationship of the village with floods, the answer provided by the administration to those floods, and the geographic setting and the anthropic actions on the land are considered. Using the data collected by direct observation, witnesses, and graphs and fieldwork, a thorough investigation of the volume, flow, direction and levels of water has been developed. This translates into an exhaustive mapping of the event, discriminating the hydraulic behaviour in each of the affected roads and showing the sequential development of the flood. Flooding is a combination of severe stream flows, avulsion processes and angular sections that combine with infraestructures that interfere with the flow direction and prevent its reintegration into the main channel and where the streets become active channels.
Design Configurations and Operating Parameters of Bio-electrochemically Enhanced Anaerobic Digestion
Authors:   the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates, Shabib A. , Abdallah M. , Shanableh A. , Sartaj M.
Published: January 2021

Bio-electrochemical anaerobic digestion (AD) is one of the most recent advancement in anaerobic treatment processes. Microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) are used for bio-electrochemical treatment, where the supplied external power is used to enhance the performance of AD. Multiple studies have investigated the viability of MECs under various operating parameters and for different organic wastes. The present paper aims at reviewing the latest literature regarding bio-electrochemical enhanced AD through MECs. It was concluded that MEC reactors significantly enhance AD performance under different supplied voltages, temperatures, electrodes configuration, as well as other operating parameters. Based on the compiled literature, further comprehensive life cycle assessment of MECs is recommended prior to any full-scale implementation.
Are Emotions Important for College Teachers’ Intentions to Use the Online Learning System? An Integrated Model of TAM and PAD
Authors:   the Department of Educational Management, Krirk University, Bangkok, Thailand. He is also with Zhengzhou Shengda University of Economics and Trade Management College, China, Qu Yiming , Chen I-Hua
Published: January 2021

Project based learning(PBL) is an innovative instructional strategy focusing on practice and participation, which emphasizes problem solving and integrates a variety of authentic learning approaches. As such, PBL is an appropriate instructional strategy to realize "learner-centered" and "ability-centered" education. As the core of teaching, whether teachers are willing to use the online system for PBL has become a key factor. Based on this, to investigate the influence of teachers' emotions on their intention to use the PBL online system is helpful to improve teachers' teaching. Using 196 Taiwan college teachers attending the workshops of PBL online system as the participants, this study combined TAM (Technology Acceptance Model) with PAD (pleasure, arousal, dominance) to propose a new, integrated model to clarify the impact of teachers’ emotions on the intentions to use the PBL online system. The results showed that: Among the original TAM, the variables of perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use were positive to the attitude and the attitude was positive to the intention of using the PBL online system; For the variables of PAD, the variables of pleasure and arousal were positive to the attitude and the variable of dominance was positive to the variable of perceived ease of use.
Developing Effective and Sustainable Distance Education Programs and Courses
Authors:   the Department of Mathematics, Emporia State University, Emporia, Kansas 66801, USA, Hollenbeck Brian , Shi Qiang
Published: January 2021

In this article, we give an overview of the history and the ongoing effort of developing distance education programs and courses at Emporia State University. We carefully study ESU’s Master’s program in mathematics. This program is one of the most successful distance education programs at Emporia State University. It exemplifies the best practices in establishing and advancing such programs. The strategies of institutionalizing distance education programs and courses are also discussed.
The Impact of Land Property on Rural-urban Migration
Authors:   Jinan University, Guangzhou, China, Lin Yikai
Published: January 2021

The paper focuses on how land property affects people’s choices of migration from rural areas to urban areas. Based on the empirical analysis, the conclusion can be achieved that the migration is improved under market mechanism. Therefore, if the country wants to stimulate the human migration from rural areas to urban areas, the market mechanism should be built and people’s land property should be protected.
Factors Influencing Customer Retention for Electronic Wallet Services in Malaysia
Authors:   School of Business at Malaysia University of Science and Technology, Malaysia, Joseph Komba Kennedy , Abd Razak Kamal
Published: January 2021

Customer retention is vital in sustaining a business, especially in the competitive FinTech market environment. Understanding these factors will provide business with critical strategic information for leveraging and sustaining their competitive advantage. Over a span of a decade there has been a surge of deployment of financial technology (FinTech) services in Malaysia, such as online banking, mobile payments and of recent years, electronic wallets. This profitable venture is highly competitive open to both banks and non-banks financial service providers. The purpose of this paper is to propose a conceptual framework to investigate the relationships of independent variables such as brand image, perceived price, perceived quality, and relationship marketing to customer retention. This aim is to develop an enhanced understanding on how these variables influence customer retention for e-wallet services. The study will also identify the most influential factors that drive customer retention on electronic wallet services in Malaysia. The study methodology will include descriptive and correlational analysis. The study population will be users of e-wallet services. A sample of 384 people from the city of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia will be selected by using random sampling technique. Regression analysis will be conducted to assess the study hypothesis.
Management of necrotizing fasciitis of neck – Our experience
Authors: Antony X Joyson , G Aarthi
Published: January 2021

Necrotizing fasciitis is a severe bacterial infection characterized by progressive necrosis of the fascia and subcutaneous tissue. Even though it rarely involves the cervical region, this condition carries high mortality rate. So, it requires prompt diagnosis and urgent treatment with extensive debridement and adequate antibiotics.

50yrs old man presented with a rapidly progressing ulcer on left side of face and neck with extensive gangrenous changes of the surrounding skin. He was a known case of diabetes mellitus and was on irregular medication. Underwent extensive debridement within 12 hours of presentation and managed with antibiotics and Vacuum assisted dressing. Strict diabetic control achieved with the help of insulin.

Satisfactory outcome can be achieved by early diagnosis, aggressive surgery along with adequate antibiotic therapy and strict diabetic control. Vacuum assisted closure helps in early recovery.
Improving mathematical, methodological, and algorithmic support of implementation of an enlarged block of design procedures for the analysis of requirements to the highly precise products assembly
Authors:   Branch of the FSUE “Academician Pilyugin Scientific-Production Center of Automatics and Instrument-Making” – “Industrial Association “Korpus”, Nazaryev A. V. , Bochkarev P. Yu. ,   Volgograd State Technical University
Published: January 2021

In current conditions, the necessity to produce many high-precision tooling and machines has increased many times over. That is why the improvement of such products manufacture becomes of paramount importance due to the increasing requirements imposed on them. The existing approaches to ensuring the quality and accuracy of high-precision products are not universal and not always can be implemented when producing high-precision goods. For a comprehensive solution to this problem, the authors proposed using an integrated approach – the complex of formalized design procedures of the system for accounting of the requirements to the high-precision products assembly when designing the manufacturing methods of machining. However, for the establishment of relations between the process design and designing preproduction of multi-product manufacture, the transition to the assessment of the production manufacturability of goods and deeper integration of this system into the structure of the system of automated sequencing of manufacturing methods, it is necessary to search for ways to improve the existing approaches of the developed system. The paper considered in detail the enlarged block of design procedures for the analysis of requirements to the assembly of high-precision products, since this stage is directly related to the designing preproduction, and the initial data obtained in the course of its implementation ensure the quality of choice of rational manufacturing methods of machining of parts. The authors propose the techniques to improve mathematical, methodological, and algorithmic support of this enlarged block implementation. The introduction of the proposed solutions will allow performing effectively the design dimensional analysis of a high-precision assembly unit in an automated mode and forming a set of assembly requirements, which, as a result, will allow ensuring the expansion of digitalization of the process design and designing preproduction and the transition to intelligent production systems.
The relationship between the anomalies of the properties of alloys with a semiconductor component and special features of glass formation and state diagrams
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg Mining University, Shakhnazarov K. Yu. , Mikhailov A. V. ,   Saint-Petersburg Mining University, Tzykanov D. V. ,   NRC “Kurchatov Institute” – CRISM “Prometey”
Published: January 2021

The analysis of literature data on the properties of alloys with a semiconductor component shows a significant number of anomalies of physical and mechanical properties left without a comment of the researchers of these alloys. Based on the anomalies in the properties of twelve alloys (Ge–Si, InAs–GaP, GaSb–GaAs, HgTe–CdTe, GaSe–GaS, InSb–AlSb, PbSe–GeTe, Zn–Ge, Ti–Ge, Ge–Tl, ZnTe–HgTe, P–As), the paper attempts to identify a regularity that allows associating these anomalies with state diagrams. For the first time, the authors introduce the concept of phase diagram as a concentration dependence of qualitative changes in crystallization intervals, which allows associating phase diagram with the extremes of physical and mechanical properties of industrially used alloys with a semiconductor component that cannot be explained by the peculiarities of phase composition or structure. The second part of the paper deals with the special aspects of glass formation (amorphization) of multicomponent alloys. Modern literature expresses mutually exclusive judgments about the possibility of using phase equilibrium diagrams to predict the ability to glass-formation, which is well-founded and is probably associated with the absence of a general theory of glass formation. Nevertheless, the analysis of literature data on SiO2–Na2O, Ge–S, GeSe–Se, S–Se alloys shows that the glass formation (amorphization) boundaries are associated with phase diagrams. Based on the identified criterion, the paper shows the possibility of using equilibrium state diagrams built for slow-cooled alloys to predict the glass-forming ability of (fast-cooled) alloys.
Study of Subclinical Thyroid Disorders in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Javeedh Salim , T.A Vidya
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND Thyroid disease is more common in people with diabetes mellitus than in general population. Among thyroid disorders, subclinical hypothyroidism is more common than the overt form. Hypothyroidism is associated with dyslipidaemia, hypertension and cardiac disease. Subclinical hypothyroidism has also been reported to have these features. With this background, we aimed to determine the prevalence of subclinical thyroid disorder and its influence on the metabolic profile of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). METHODS 234 type 2 diabetes patients, 117 males and 117 females, who were previously not known to have thyroid disease, were screened for thyroid dysfunction using serum free T3, free T4, and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. Patients were evaluated for clinical features of thyroid disease and investigated for microvascular complications of DM, dyslipidaemia and cardiac disease. Individuals with subclinical hypothyroidism were further screened for anti-thyroid peroxidase (TPO) antibodies. RESULTS In this study, subclinical hypothyroidism was present in 29 (12.4 %) of 234 type 2 diabetics; no case of subclinical hyperthyroidism was detected. 25 of these 29 patients with subclinical hypothyroidism were females. Elevated TPO antibody levels were present in 82.8 % (24 out of 29) subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) patients. SCH was found to be associated with higher body mass index (BMI) and patients aged more than 50 years. No significant difference was found in glycaemic profile or lipid profile between patients with SCH and euthyroid subjects. There was no significant difference among SCH patients with and without microvascular complications. Left Ventricle (LV) diastolic dysfunction was present in 34.4 % of SCH patients. CONCLUSIONS SCH is common among type 2 diabetics, especially in females and most commonly due to autoimmune thyroid disease. SCH in type 2 DM is associated with a higher BMI and an older age group, but it does not seem to have an influence on glycaemic profile, lipid profile or microvascular complications of diabetes. KEYWORDS Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), Subclinical Hypothyroidism (SCH), BMI, Anti–TPO (Thyroid Peroxidase) Antibody
Estimation of seasonal changes in the frequency characteristics of wind speed and direction in coastal Dagestan, Russia
Authors: Kobzarenko D. N. , Kamilova A. M. , Pashtaev B. D.
Published: January 2021

Aim. To analyse seasonal changes in the frequency characteristics of wind speed and direction in coastal Dagestan, namely the urban districts of the cities of Makhachkala and Derbent, from the point of view of wind power potential.Material and Methods. The research was based on time series of wind speed and direction for the period 2011-2018, obtained as a result of observations at the Makhachkala and Derbent weather stations. As a mathematical research tool, a continuous wavelet transform with a complex Morlet wavelet function was used.Results. According to the results of analysis, it was found that the main frequency of fluctuations in the time series is one day and one-day periodicity in the time series has pronounced seasonal changes. Also, differences in seasonal changes of one-day periodicity for wind speed and direction between the regions of Makhachkala and Derbent were established and described.Conclusion. The parameters considered in assessing seasonal changes in the dynamics of wind speed and direction can be used as additional parameters for the classification and clustering of regions to identify the best areas of wind power potential.
Effect of antibiotics on the cellulolytic and nitrification activity of gray forest soil
Authors: Trifonova T. A. , Kosmacheva A. G. , Chesnokova S. M.
Published: January 2021

Aim. To investigate the effect of certain antibiotics - tylosin, oxytetracycline and benzylpenicillin - on the potential nitrifying and cellulolytic activity of gray forest soil using laboratory model research methods.Material and Methods. The object of the research was agricultural gray forest medium loamy soil. The study was carried out by conducting laboratory model experiments. The analysed samples were incubated at 27°C and in the absence of illumination for 30 days and then subsequently analysed for cellulolytic activity (by the application method) and nitrification activity (by the potentiometric method). The taxonomic composition of the bacterial community of the studied soil was established based on analysis of amplicon libraries of fragments of ribosomal operons of 16S rRNA genes by the NGS method.Results. The largest number of nitrification organisms in the soil studied were archaea of the familyNitrososphaeraceaewhich are autotrophic ammonium oxidants. Most resistant to the effects of the antibiotics used was cellulolytic activity which was suppressed only by the addition of tylosin and its admixture with oxytetracycline. The nitrification activity of the soil varied depending on the concentration and preparations applied, the greatest inhibitory effect being exerted by tylosin. Antibiotic mixtures slightly enhanced the nitrification process at 50-100 mg/kg and were suppressed in the range of 150-700 mg/kg.Conclusion. Once in the soil, the antibiotics studied are capable of both stimulating and inhibiting enzymatic processes. Mixtures of antibiotics rather than their individual applications produce the greatest impact. In medium loamy gray forest soil the presence of antibiotics is more dangerous to nitrification activity.
Report on the II Plenum and Extended Meeting of the SMSAHE Presidium and Board
Authors: Nikityuk D. B. , Dydykin S. S. , Klochkova S. V.
Published: January 2021

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