bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of missing data on design efficiency in repeated cross-sectional multi-period two-arm parallel cluster randomized trials
Authors: Moerbeek Mirjam
Published: February 2021

The reduced efficiency of the cluster randomized trial design may be compensated by implementing a multi-period design. The trial then becomes longitudinal, with a risk of intermittently missing observations and dropout. This paper studies the effect of missing data on design efficiency in trials where the periods are the days of the week and clusters are followed for at least one week. The multilevel model with a decaying correlation structure is used to relate outcome to period and treatment condition. The variance of the treatment effect estimator is used to measure efficiency. When there is no data loss, efficiency increases with increasing number of subjects per day and number of weeks. Different weekly measurement schemes are used to evaluate the impact of planned missing data designs: the loss of efficiency due to measuring on fewer days is largest for few subjects per day and few weeks. Dropout is modeled by the Weibull survival function. The loss of efficiency due to dropout increases when more clusters drop out during the course of the trial, especially if the risk of dropout is largest at the beginning of the trial. The largest loss is observed for few subjects per day and a large number of weeks. An example of the effect of waiting room environments in reducing stress in dental care shows how different design options can be compared. An R Shiny app allows researchers to interactively explore various design options and to choose the best design for their trial.
KERJASAMA PEGAWAI DALAM MEMBERIKAN PELAYANAN DI DINAS KEPENDUDUKAN DAN CATATAN SIPIL KABUPATEN BOALEMO
Authors: Katili Andi Yusuf
Published: February 2021

ABSTRAK
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana kerjasama pegawai dalam memberikan pelayanan di Dinas Kependudukan Dan Catatan Sipil Kabupaten Boalemo. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan teknik analisis kuantitatif melalui instrumen pengukuran skala Likert 5 (lima). Variabel penelitian dioperasionalkan melalui tiga (3) indikator yaitu: motivasi, koordinasi dan komunikasi, dan pemantauan. Data diperoleh melalui penyebaran kuesioner 28 (dua puluh delapan) responden, karyawan di Dinas Kependudukan dan Catatan Sipil Kabupaten Boalemo. Berdasarkan analisis dari hasil yang diperoleh dengan kesimpulan sebagai berikut: Indikator motivasi memperoleh skor rata-rata 2,47 termasuk kategori, yang berarti bahwa motivasi kerja sama karyawan dalam memberikan layanan bernilai kurang. Indikator koordinasi dan komunikasi memperoleh skor rata-rata 2,77, termasuk kategori sedang, berarti koordinasi dan komunikasi sebagai bentuk kemitraan sipil dalam memberikan layanan bernilai kurang. Indikator pemantauan memperoleh skor rata-rata 2,68, termasuk kategori, yang berarti bahwa pengawasan bersama karyawan dalam memberikan layanan bernilai lebih rendah. Secara keseluruhan skor rata-rata diperoleh oleh kategori 2,64, yang berarti bahwa kerjasama karyawan dalam menyediakan layanan distrik Departemen Kependudukan dan Catatan Sipil dinilai kurang. Selanjutnya, disarankan bahwa: penghargaan atas prestasi karyawan, membina hubungan kerja membutuhkan perhatian serius kepada karyawan yang termotivasi untuk bekerja sama dalam memberikan layanan. Peran kepemimpinan sangat diperlukan untuk membangun koordinasi dan komunikasi antar karyawan dalam memberikan layanan kepada masyarakat. Objektivitas dan kontinuitas pengawasan perlu ditingkatkan untuk mencegah isu-isu yang diketahui terutama mengenai pelayanan kepada publik.
Kata Kunci: Kerjasama, Pegawai, Pelayanan, Disdukcapil
PELAKSANAAN PENERBITAN AKTA KEMATIAN DI DINAS KEPENDUDUKAN DAN PENCATATAN SIPIL KABUPATEN GORONTALO UTARA
Authors: Katili Andi Yusuf
Published: February 2021

ABSTRAK
Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Pelaksanaan Penerbitan Akta Kematian Di Dinas Kependudukan Dan Pencatatan Sipil Kabupaten Gorontalo Utara. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis deskriptif pendekatan kualitatif.pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi dan wawancara menggunakan pedoman wawancara yang diajukan kepada sejumlah informan. Tehknik analisis data menggunakan tehnik analisis dalam bentuk kata-kata lisan maupun tulisan.
Berdasarkan analisis hasil penelitian, maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan sebagai berikut : 1. Pelaksanaan Penerbitan Akta Kematian Di Dinas Kependudukan Dan Pencatatan Sipil Kabupaten Gorontalo Utara belum optimal disebabkan kurangnya tingkat kesadaran masyarakat untuk memiliki akta kematian. 2 Pelaksanaan Penerbitan Akta Kematian Di Dinas Kependudukan Dan Pencatatan Sipil Kabupaten Gorontalo Utara dilihat dari kelengkapan berkas yang disediakan oleh masyarakat tidak efesien selama melakukan proses pengurusan akta kematian yang dapat menghambat proses penerbitan akta kematian 3. Pelaksanaan Penerbitan Akta Kematian Di Dinas Kependudukan Dan Pencatatan Sipil Kabupaten Gorontalo Utara dari segi koordinasi kurang terjalin antara pemerintah desa dengan Dinas Kependudukan Dan Pencatatan Sipil Kabupaten Gorontalo Utara sehingga memberikan kerugian pada masyarakat akan ketentuan persyaratan yang berlaku sebagai prosedur penerbitan akta kematian.
Disarankan. 1 Perlunya Sosialisasi secara berkelanjutan yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah desa mengenai prosedur pengurusan akta kematian. 2 Perlunya kelengkapan berkas yang menjadi persyaratan untuk penerbitan akta kematian. 3 Perlu menjalin Koordinasi antara pemerintah desa dengan pemerintah daerah untuk mengikuti perkembangan persayaratan kelengkapan berkas dalam penerbitan akta kematian.
 
Kata Kunci: Pelaksanaan, Penerbitan Akta Kematian
Nicht nur Bisphosphonate verursachen Kieferknochennekrosen
Authors: Gysling Etzel
Published: February 2021

Bisphosphonate und Denosumab sind als Ursache von Kieferknochennekrosen bekannt. In einzelnen Fällen können aber auch nicht-antiresorptive Medikamente für diese Komplikationen verantwortlich sein, besonders in der Krebstherapie.
Respiratory Effectiveness of Cloth Masks
Authors: Pourdeyhimi Behnam , Schick Simon , Groten Robert , Vahedi Tafreshi Hooman
Published: February 2021

The shortage of medical masks and respirators led to an explosion of cloth mask offerings.  In the absence of any regulatory requirements, and appropriate guidance, the medical masks vary greatly in their performance and have become more of a fashion item. 

 

We review the filtration mechanisms and test methods and show data on common offerings.  Almost exclusively, the data suggest that cloth masks do not offer much of a protection, and many are poorly designed with only the pressure drop and fogging in mind; these compromise the performance of the entire mask. While cloth masks do not offer significant respiratory protection, it is still critical that masks are worn during pandemics regardless in that they do reduce the number of aerosols expelled by the wearer.
PERSEPSI GURU TERHADAP PEMBELAJARAN MENGGUNAKAN KELAS DIGITAL
Authors: ABD GHOFUR  , Evi Aulia Rachma
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi persepsi guru SD terhadap pembelajaran menggunakan kelas digital google classroom. Penelitian ini melibatkan 50 guru SD kelas IV se-Kecamatan Lamongan. Analisa data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisa deskriptif kuatitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa sebanyak 90% guru menyatakan perlu mengikuti pelatihan tentang pembelajaran menggunakan kelas digital. Sebanyak 74% guru menyatakan perlu menerapkan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan kelas digital google classroom. Google classroom bersifat fleksibel, jadi siswa dapat belajar sewaktu-waktu diluar jam sekolah. Berdasarkan hal tersebut sebanyak 86% guru menyatakan perlu menyediakan bahan belajar bagi siswa yang bisa diakses atau digunakan sewaktu-waktu diluar jam sekolah melalui google classroom. Sebanyak 76% guru menyatakan bahwa google classroom membuat guru lebih inovatif dalam menyajikan materi pembelajaran. Kemudian sebanyak 78% guru menyatakan bahwa penggunaan google classroom memudahkaan guru dalam proses penilaian tugas-tugas siswa.
Essential oil composition of Strychnos axillaris Colebr. (Loganiaceae)
Authors: SALLEH Wan Mohd Nuzul Hakimi Wan , KHAMİS Shamsul , KASSIM Hakimi , TAWANG Alene
Published: February 2021

The essential oil composition from the leaves of Strychnos axillaris Colebr. (Loganiaceae) growing in Malaysia was examined for the first time. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and fully characterized by gas chromatography (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In total, 15 components were identified in the essential oil, which made up 87.2% of the total oil. The essential is composed mainly of α-ionone (20.2%), β-ionone (19.5%), bicyclogermacrene (19.2%), and geranyl acetate (10.2%).
NEW THREATS TO RUSSIA’S NATIONAL SECURITY IN THE ARCTIC: PROBLEMS OF COUNTERACTION
Authors:   Centre for Arctic Studies, Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Sciences, ZHURAVEL VALERY P.
Published: February 2021

The article reveals real and potential threats to the national security of the Russian Federation in the Arctic region by the NATO. According to the author, these include: the strengthening of the military presence in the Arctic of the Arctic Ocean coastal States and other NATO countries; the increase in the combat capabilities of groups of coalition and national Armed Forces (Navy) of the United States and NATO; the development of naval-based missile defences and early warning systems; the expansion of the United States military satellite constellation to the Arctic; increased activity by the special services of foreign states in conducting intelligence activities in the Arctic and in the frontier territory of the Russian Federation; conduct of multinational military exercises and transfer of combat training areas to the Arctic; the desire of a number of foreign countries to give the Northern Sea Way the status of an international transport highway, and of the Norwegian leadership to change the status of Spitsbergen, to reduce and eventually completely displace the Russian Federation from the archipelago; increasing attempts to discredit the activities of the Russian Federation in the Arctic. The article discusses the measures of the Russian Federation to strengthen the defensive capability in the Arctic direction, paying special attention to the protection of its sovereignty and territorial integrity.
Interaction of Large- and Small-scale Dynamos in Isotropic Turbulent Flows from GPU-accelerated Simulations
Authors: Väisälä Miikka S. , Pekkilä Johannes , Käpylä Maarit J. , Rheinhardt Matthias , Shang 尚 Hsien 賢 , Krasnopolsky Ruben
Published: February 2021

Magnetohydrodynamical (MHD) dynamos emerge in many different astrophysical situations where turbulence is present, but the interaction between large-scale dynamos (LSDs) and small-scale dynamos (SSDs) is not fully understood. We performed a systematic study of turbulent dynamos driven by isotropic forcing in isothermal MHD with magnetic Prandtl number of unity, focusing on the exponential growth stage. Both helical and nonhelical forcing was employed to separate the effects of LSD and SSD in a periodic domain. Reynolds numbers (

) up to ≈250 were examined and multiple resolutions used for convergence checks. We ran our simulations with the Astaroth code, designed to accelerate 3D stencil computations on graphics processing units (GPUs) and to employ multiple GPUs with peer-to-peer communication. We observed a speedup of  ≈35 in single-node performance compared to the widely used multi-CPU MHD solver Pencil Code. We estimated the growth rates from both the averaged magnetic fields and their power spectra. At low

LSD growth dominates, but at high

SSD appears to dominate in both helically and nonhelically forced cases. Pure SSD growth rates follow a logarithmic scaling as a function of

. Probability density functions of the magnetic field from the growth stage exhibit SSD behavior in helically forced cases even at intermediate

. We estimated mean field turbulence transport coefficients using closures like the second-order correlation approximation (SOCA). They yield growth rates similar to the directly measured ones and provide evidence of α quenching. Our results are consistent with the SSD inhibiting the growth of the LSD at moderate

, while the dynamo growth is enhanced at higher

.
Examination of Fragment Species in the Comae of Several Comets Using an Integral Field Unit Spectrograph
Authors: Pierce Donna M. , Cochran Anita L.
Published: February 2021

Spectra of the comae of four comets were obtained with an integral field unit spectrograph on the Harlan J. Smith Telescope at McDonald Observatory. The passband of the spectrograph permitted the observation of C2, C3, CH, CN, and NH2 transitions for these comets. The classical Haser model was used to derive production rates for each observed species. The production rates obtained for the comets were also used to obtain mixing ratios relative to CN. The relative abundances with respect to CN obtained for these comets vary greatly, but are largely consistent with ranges established from prior comet chemistry surveys. The notable exception is 168P/Hergenrother, which the results suggest is extremely depleted in volatiles, even with respect to many other comets designated as volatile depleted in prior surveys. The results for comet Hergenrother add to a small, but growing, body of data suggesting that there may be a subgroup of carbon-chain-depleted Jupiter-family comets that are also depleted in ammonia.
A new species of Physocrobylus (Caelifera: Acridoidea: Acrididae: Coptacrinae), with notes on the phenology and habitat of the genus
Authors: Hemp Claudia
Published: February 2021

A new species of Physocrobylus, P. venetussp. nov., is described from the Nguru Mountains of Tanzania. It is the third species in the genus restricted to Tanzanian localities. While P. venetussp. nov. and P. tessa Hochkirch prefer moister forest communities from lowland to submontane forest in the East Usambara and Nguru Mountains, P. burtti Dirsh is an inhabitant of Miombo woodlands.
The Current Strategy of Helicobacter pylori Eradication
Authors: Kwon Yong Hwan
Published: February 2021

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the main cause of most gastroduodenal diseases. Triple therapy including two antibiotics, amoxicillin and clarithromycin, and a proton pump inhibitor given for a week has been recommended as the treatment of choice since the revision of the Korean H. pylori Clinical Practice Guidelines in 2013. However, antimicrobial resistance significantly decreased the cure rate of H. pylori eradication to 63.9%. Thus, the new H. pylori treatment regimen would be needed to increase the eradication rate in Korea. Recently, the update of clinical practice guideline for treatment of H. pylori was developed by conducting a meta-analysis. In this review, the recommended H. pylori eradication regimen in current 2020 guideline will be discussed.
Treatment of Critically Ill Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Wi Seungbum , Suh Gee Young
Published: February 2021

Clinical manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is diverse ranging from asymptomatic or mild respiratory symptoms to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and respiratory failure. As the pandemic progresses, the number of critically ill COVID-19 patients continues to increase. Whether or not COVID-19 ARDS patients are distinct from conventional ARDS is not settled, and there is no definite evidence that they should be treated differently from ARDS of other origins. The use of oxygen treatment with high flow nasal cannula has been increased. Invasive mechanical ventilation should be applied with lung protective strategy in mind. Prone positioning should be actively considered. Since the primary cause of death of COVID-19 patients is respiratory failure, understanding the characteristics of COVID-19 ARDS and its treatment is necessary for optimal outcome.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Adult-Onset Still’s Disease
Authors: Kim Sehee , Kim Hae-Rim , Lee Sang-Heon , Min Hong Ki
Published: February 2021

Adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD) is an obscure disease that is usually diagnosed after the exclusion of other febrile diseases, including other autoimmune, infectious, and malignant diseases. Although definitive diagnostic criteria and treatment guidelines for AOSD are thus far lacking, the typical manifestations of AOSD have been identified and effective medications for remission and maintenance have been proposed. The pathophysiology of the AOSD is unclear, but diagnostic criteria and treatment guidelines for AOSD can be established by determining its core etiology and conducting clinical trials of previously tested immunosuppressants and biologics.
Viewpoints on Undergraduate Research Among Nursing Students Conducting Q-Methodology Studies
Authors: Hensel Desirée , Porter Shana , Mocek Paige
Published: February 2021

Background:

This article describes using Q-methodology to evaluate changes in attitudes about research among baccalaureate nursing students conducting Q-methodology studies as part of an undergraduate honors research program.

Method:

Five senior students, who had designed Q-methodology studies, sorted 36 opinion statements about undergraduate research based on two conditions of instruction: (a) according to their current attitudes, and (b) according to their beliefs before they began the honors program.

Results:

A two-factor final solution explained 70% of the variance. The Getting Ahead section of the study, associated with six sorting grids, also known as sorts, reflected positive beliefs about the professional benefits of engaging in undergraduate research. The Too Much Effort theme reflected beliefs held by three participants prior to engaging in the program.

Conclusion:

After engaging in an undergraduate research honors program where participants designed a Q-methodology study, this group of students reported gaining intellectual and practical skills and no longer found research to be as intimidating.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2021;60(2):96–98.]
An Academic-Practice Partnership to Advance Million Hearts
®
Authors: Cooper Jennifer
Published: February 2021

Background:

An academic-practice partnership between a college department of nursing, the YMCA, and one health system was developed to provide student learning opportunities in cardiovascular disease prevention, while advancing the goal of Million Hearts
®
.

Method:

Using The Ohio State University College of Nursing's Million Hearts Fellowship Module, students learned to provide Million Hearts screenings, educate and coach participants in the college and greater community, and deliver a free home blood pressure monitor. Pre- and postscores were obtained to assess change in students' knowledge and participants' blood pressure, lifestyle scores, and perceived stress scores.

Results:

A statistically significant improvement in mean participant blood pressure and lifestyle scores was observed.

Conclusion:

This academic-practice partnership provided an opportunity for students to learn about prevention within a national, population health initiative and for participants to achieve measurable, healthy outcomes. The college's participation in a national Million Hearts consortium enabled practice partners to prioritize cardiovascular disease prevention in the community.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2021;60(2):103–106.]
Diffusion of Precision Health Into a Baccalaureate Nursing Curriculum
Authors: Fangonil-Gagalang Evangeline , Schultz Mary Anne
Published: February 2021

Background:

Precision health (PH) and precision medicine are emerging approaches to health care promising more individualized care for health consumers. This improved type of care management uses innovation in science and technology to accurately identify diseases, treatments, and environmental influences to provide effective and efficient care. Multiple industries are supporting this venture, including nursing.

Method:

To respond to the national call to integrate PH in nursing curricula, a small urban university in Southern California proposed to integrate concepts of PH into six select courses in the baccalaureate curriculum.

Results:

This curriculum revision launched in fall 2020; it was the first time PH concepts were introduced to Bachelor of Science in Nursing students in the department of nursing. Student outcomes will be measured using the nine competencies developed.

Conclusion:

Nurse educators shape future practice. It is incumbent upon them to adopt the opportunities for transformation presented by the emergent phenomenon of PH. Only then will students be prepared with the knowledge, skills, and attitudes foundational for precise care.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2021;60(2):107–110.]
A novel semi-analytical method for solutions of two dimensional fuzzy fractional wave equation using natural transform
Authors: Arfan Muhammad , Shah Kamal , Ullah Aman , Salahshour Soheil , Ahmadian Ali , Ferrara Massimiliano
Published: February 2021

In this research article, the techniques for computing an analytical solution of 2D fuzzy wave equation with some affecting term of force has been provided. Such type of achievement for the aforesaid solution is obtained by applying the notions of a Caputo non-integer derivative in the vague or uncertainty form. At the first attempt the fuzzy natural transform is applied for obtaining the series solution. Secondly the homotopy perturbation (HPM) technique is used, for the analysis of the proposed result by comparing the co-efficient of homotopy parameter \begin{document}$ q $\end{document} to get hierarchy of equation of different order for \begin{document}$ q $\end{document}. For this purpose, some new results about Natural transform of an arbitrary derivative under uncertainty are established, for the first time in the literature. The solution has been assumed in term of infinite series, which break the problem to a small number of equations, for the respective investigation. The required results are then determined in a series solution form which goes rapidly towards the analytical result. The solution has two parts or branches in fuzzy form, one is lower branch and the other is upper branch. To illustrate the ability of the considered approach, we have proved some test problems.
Existence of solution for Kirchhoff type problem in Orlicz-Sobolev spaces Via Leray-Schauder's nonlinear alternative
Authors: Sbai Abdelaaziz , El Hadfi Youssef , Srati Mohammed , Aboutabit Noureddine
Published: February 2021

In this paper, we establish the existence of weak solution in Orlicz-Sobolev space for the following Kirchhoff type probelm

   \begin{document}$ \begin{equation*} \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} -M\left( \int_{\Omega}\varPhi(|\nabla u|)dx\right) div(a(|\nabla u|)\nabla u) = f(x, u) \, in \, \, \, \, \Omega, \\ u = 0 \, \, \, \, on\, \, \, \, \, \, \, \, \, \, \partial \Omega, \end{array} \right. \end{equation*} $\end{document}

where \begin{document}$ \Omega $\end{document} is a bounded subset in \begin{document}$ {\mathbb{R}}^N $\end{document}, \begin{document}$ N\geq 1 $\end{document} with Lipschitz boundary \begin{document}$ \partial \Omega. $\end{document} The used technical approach is mainly based on Leray-Shauder's non linear alternative.
Floating Shipyard: Drydock during the ship’s voyage
Authors: Ghowel Ahmed Samir
Published: February 2021

Shipyards are known as a land-based facility that ships steer to for docking and repair. This study represents a basic conceptual study for a new principal of developing a Floating shipyard: changing the phenomena of a fixed site shipyard into a self-propelled floating shipyard. This Floating Shipyard capable to travel and conduct drydock activities at the client's location or even can lift the client's vessel and travel to its next designated location, taking advantage of completing the dry dock and repair during the voyage. The arising challenges, to this floating shipyard, such as lay-offs, restructuring, and environment legislation requires a balanced solution. This solution, of all this, relays on the adaptation of talent management and competitive production tools, during this huge undergoing changes in its backbone structure.
The Floating shipyard, here named "F-Yard", changes the mindset of dry-dock. This is because F-Yard travels to the client's location or capable of pick the client's ship towards the cargo destination, where it can complete the required drydock or repair. The cutthroat advantage of the F-Yard comes from self-propelled where the other approaches depend on others for mobilizing and anchoring from one location to another. Plus, F-Yard could serve other industries, due to its fully equipped workshops, that able to serve different market needs such as oil and gas and renewable energy...etc. These open the door for a variety of business scope. F-Yard depends on front end engineering and marketing teams to optimize its route and to sort the supply chain requirements.
Teaching of Pronunciation in the ESL Classroom: Universals & Language Specific Properties
Authors: Turcsan Gabor
Published: February 2021

This note considers two areas that may help teachers teach English pronunciation, namely the role of native language phonology and linguistic universals. The discussion is limited to sounds of English leaving suprasegmental issues aside and concentrates on French learners. Native language phonology constitutes a grid for the speech loop: L2 learners see the world of English through French glasses and they perceive/produce contrasts filtered by their L1 systemic properties. The second contribution of this note concerns the use of linguistic universals in the ESL classroom. Linguistic universals are features common to all languages; they are less marked, learned first and lost last in pathological speech loss. Sound systems and syllable structure all obey a universal markedness scale. Deeper understanding of these scales may help the design of L2 pronunciation teaching programmes.
Promoting Environmental Sustainability Governance
Authors: Huda Miftachul , Hashim Azmil , Noh Mohd Aderi Che , Ibrahim Mohd Hairy , Rismayadi Budi , Qodriah Sari Laelatul , Rozak Abdul , Bakar Tassim Abu , Alas Yabit , Hitam Saidai , Sulaiman Exzayrani , Che Leh Fauziah
Published: February 2021

In the last decade, the emerging needs for social responsibility on environmental concern has been considerably transmitted into the initiative of firm alliance. This chapter attempts to examine the essential points of university-, industry-, and community-based strategic partnership for further collaboration alliance. This chapter focuses on the key role of strategic partnership with cooperating into the concern in driving the procedural stage on sustainable development. The findings reveal that outstanding value of strategic partnership would give insights into empowering sustainable-based institutional arrangements assigned with the wide attempts to contribute the prudent public policy formulation to implement the good service to solve environmental and related issues. The value is that strategic partnership trend incorporated in this context would be the point of view for sustainable development agenda rooted into the way of living processes paradigm together with demonstrating the wide range of sustainable governance.
Implementation of Culturally Relevant Science-Based Projects in Preschools and Primary Schools
Authors: Bascope Martin , Reiss Kristina , Cortés Josefina , Gutierrez Pablo
Published: February 2021

This chapter develops a conceptual and operational framework on education for sustainability based on a teacher training program located in the south of Chile. Nurtured by the experience collected by the programs' participation in different international networks, it put emphasis on the idea of the importance of combining local knowledge and an integrated science approach to foster action for climate and sustainability from an early stage. After presenting the conceptual and empirical framework, the chapter describes the implementation of culturally-relevant research projects based on the experience of eight schools. It concludes by proposing an operational model and declaring the main constraints and opportunities of project-based-learning for sustainability and climate action. The authors present some recommendations to combine local and scientific knowledge for teacher practice and educational policy, considering the importance of having a critical look at our daily practices as educators given the global socio-ecological crisis.
Impact of Agriculture and Garden-Based Learning on Students of Secondary School
Authors: Namboodhiri Sobha D. , Rao Raghavendra G.
Published: February 2021

Agriculture and garden-based learning is the need of the hour as it helps in the cognitive and psychomotor development of the student. It provides skill-based education which not only ensures learning by doing but also helps in educating the child about growing various types of plants. This study is conducted by taking 500 students from the secondary level by providing them a self-prepared questionnaire by the research scholar in two schools of Panipat. Students are taken from fields of science along with maths, botany, and agriculture fields. Based on the questionnaire for plant grower, statistical analysis is done to find if there is any significant difference between learning agriculture in school and not learning it in school. On statistical analysis using the Anova test, it was found that learning agriculture was beneficial for children in holistic development. It also helps the schools in improving the nutritive value of midday meals, involving the students in some skill-based education which can help in solving the problems of malnutrition and providing jobs to millions of Indian youth.
Teaching Climate Change at Primary and Secondary Levels for Sustainable Development
Authors: Namboodhiri Sobha D. , Rao Raghavendra G.
Published: February 2021

The young minds are provided with climate change and sustainable development education through various means. Environmental education is being taught at the primary level in Central Board of Secondary Education Schools while it is being taught at secondary level in the Social Science and Science Subject in C.B.S.E. Schools of India with various tools and methods. In the present study, the authors have incorporated some methods which help in teaching about climate change at primary and secondary levels. The study shows how the adopted methods are effective in disseminating knowledge about climate change. The investigator decided to adopt the survey method of research to know the method of teaching being adopted for teaching of climate change in environmental science at primary level and in science or social science, eco club at secondary level. Findings were that students should be taught in the school curriculum itself about climate change and its effects. The teaching strategies should be adopted based on the level of the child, his level of cognitive ability, accessibility, and ease of use.
Effects of Urbanization on the Degradation of the Palm Grove Around the City of Marrakech
Authors: Radi Mohamed , Meddich Abdelilah , Ouatiki Elmehdi , Ouahmane Lahcen , Hafidi Mohamed , Ben Salem Abdelkrim
Published: February 2021

The city of Marrakech is experiencing a very significant development in terms of urbanization which leads to a significant reduction of the agricultural activity and increase of the rate of metallic pollution in soils. The impact of this metallic pollution on the microbial activity in these soils can negatively affect the growth and the development of the date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L). In addition, the urbanization has direct effects on the degradation of palm groves in the Marrakech region, following a decrease in agricultural and forestry productivity after anthropogenic activities which are at the origin of high metallic trace element (MTE) contents in soils. In order to assess the impacts of this pollution, the authors carried out a study in the rhizospheric soils of the date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L) monitoring the levels of heavy metals (Pb, Zn). Eight sites were chosen: five urban sites (three gardens, two boulevards) and two peri-urban sites (palm groves).
Evaluation of compounds for repellency of the multicoloured Asian lady beetle (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in vineyards
Authors: Glemser Erik , McFadden-Smith Wendy , Parent Jean-Philippe
Published: February 2021

The multicoloured Asian lady beetle,Harmonia axyridis(Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), has become a pest in North American vineyards during harvest due to its adverse effects on wine quality. This study evaluated alternative products that may be suitable for use in vineyards as repellents to the beetle. Products were screened as repellent for multicoloured Asian lady beetle in short-term laboratory trials. Thirteen products significantly reduced the number of beetles on grapes,Vitis vinifera(Vitaceae). Products that showed a 50% or greater repellency were evaluated for residual repellency 24, 48, and 72 hours after application. In these trials, pine oil was highly repellent at each testing period, whereas the repellency of most other products decreased over time. Eight repellent compounds were evaluated in field trials in commercial vineyards that had high multicoloured Asian lady beetle populations. The number of beetles on vines was counted 2–6 and 24–28 hours after application. In the field, the most effective repellents overall were Biobenton and Buran, which reduced the number of multicoloured Asian lady beetles by 39 and 34%, respectively. The discovery of new repellents of multicoloured Asian lady beetle provides an opportunity to improve management of the pest in vineyards and to reduce risk of wine taint without using broad-spectrum insecticides.
LA SINDROME METABOLICA
Authors: Rotella Carlo Maria
Published: February 2021

As the word itself says, a syndrome is not a disease in its own right, but a set of various diseases that coexist in the same individual. Metabolic Syndrome (MS) was first described many years ago, but it came back to the fore again in 1998 by Alberti and Zimmet who tried to give it a more modern definition. It was then in 2001 that Grundy defined simpler and easily determinable criteria in an outpatient setting. When compared with other diagnostic criteria, such as those of the International Diabetes Federation, it was seen that the 2001 criteria had a higher specificity, even if a lower sensitivity, and therefore were those to be preferred in identifying the truly affected patients by SM. The MS criteria actually represent the most important modifiable cardiovascular risk factors, as they are related to Visceral Obesity and Insulin Resistance (IR), which proceed in parallel in individuals. Visceral adipose tissue is a true endocrine organ that produces many hormone-acting substances called Adipokines. These are the main responsible for the establishment and maintenance of the IR, as well as for hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia and blood coagulation alterations. In fact, in patients with MS, excess adipose tissue is almost always accompanied by a decrease in muscle tissue, i.e. a state of sarcopenia. Muscle tissue also produces cytokines and hormonal substances with protective function against the cardiovascular risk factors present in the MS criteria, the lack of muscle mass reduces the production of these molecules and therefore the presence of sarcopenia further worsens the entity of the cardiovascular risk. There are other additional factors, other than those present in the classifications, which can play an important role in MS. Current scientific evidence shows a correlation between vitamin D and risk, incidence, number and severity of the components of the Metabolic Syndrome and its complications (DM2 and cardiovascular diseases). About 90% of obese and diabetic patients have a more or less serious deficiency of vitamin D, and this condition has been directly correlated with the dysfunctional adiposity index (LAP index). The other condition that is frequently observed in MS patients is hyperuricemia and this seems mainly due to the high consumption of fructose in the diet. The consequences of fructose metabolism can lead to a decrease in intracellular ATP, an increase in uric acid production, oxidative stress, inflammation, and an increase in lipid synthesis, which are associated with endothelial dysfunction. The latter represents an early manifestation of vascular disease and a stimulus for the development of Metabolic Cardiorenal Syndrome.
Risk factors for foot ulceration among adult patients with diabetes on chronic hemodialysis in Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt
Authors: Al-Nakeeb Ahmed M. , State Omnia I. , Tarshoby Manal M. , Kyrillos Fady A.
Published: February 2021

Background

Although risk factors for diabetic foot ulceration have been extensively studied in patients with diabetes in Egypt, there is surprisingly limited evidence among those on chronic hemodialysis (CHD). The study aimed to scrutinize the risk factors for foot ulceration in adult patients with diabetes with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis in Dakahlia Governorate central hemodialysis units.

Patients and methods

This cross-sectional study included all diabetic patients under CHD aged more than or equal to 18 years (n=98), recruited over 7 months from the largest seven central hemodialysis units in Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt. Data collection consisted of a participant interview, medical record review, and noninvasive comprehensive foot examination. The assessment included peripheral neuropathy, peripheral arterial disease, other foot pathologies, footwear, and foot health care behavior.

Results

The study included 57 males and 41 females. The median duration of diabetes was 15 (2–33) years. Overall, 61 (62.2%) patients were on insulin therapy. The median duration of hemodialysis was 3 years. Insensate neuropathy and peripheral arterial disease were detected in 65.3 and 15.3% of patients, respectively. The prevalence of foot deformities was 18.36%. Plantar calluses and dry skin were diagnosed in 27.6 and 62.2% of patients, respectively. A total of two (2.04%) patients had active foot ulcers and nine (9.18%) patients had ulcers in remission; therefore, the overall diabetic foot ulceration prevalence was 11.22%. In addition, 10 (10.2%) patients had previous minor amputations, with no reported major amputations. Overall, 95.92% had poor foot health care behaviors, and 81.63% were using inappropriate footwear. None of the included patients previously used custom-made insoles.

Conclusions

The key finding of this article suggests a high prevalence of risk factors for foot ulceration among diabetic patients receiving hemodialysis. Diabetic foot screening should be included in the management strategy of those on CHD.
Investigating the Holy Eucharist and the term ‘people of God’ according to the Eastern Orthodox Church
Authors: Nicolaides Angelo
Published: February 2021

This article unpacks aspects of the Eucharist and how it is understood in various churches using a literature study methodology. It also looks at the notion of the “people of God’. The Greek word εὐχαριστία (eucharistia), means "thanksgiving", appears fifteen times in the New Testament and is a critical aspect of the Christian faith. The weekly celebration of the Eucharist on Sunday’s is an requisite activity of the Church because the Eucharist establishes the Church as the Body of Christ. The Eucharistic celebration is also known as the Divine Liturgy and is believed to impart the actual Body and Blood of Christ to the faithful. In the act of communion, the entire Church, those past, present, and even forthcoming are unified in eternity. It is the source of her life, the superlative act of her thanksgiving and of her sacrifice of praise to the creator God. The Holy Eucharist is the very core of Christian life, and the means by which each believer is nourished by God's grace and tender mercy. At the Divine Liturgy, the Church is continuously changed from a human community into the Body of Christ, the temple of the Holy Spirit, and the holy People of God.
ÍNDICE DEL RIESGO DE MOROSIDAD EN LOS MICROCRÉDITOS SIMPLES; CASO COOPERATIVA DE AHORRO Y CRÉDITO CHONE LTDA.
Authors: Alcívar-Moreira Ximena Kacterine , Bravo-Santana Verónica Piedad
Published: February 2021

El índice de morosidad es el porcentaje de la cartera total improductiva frente a la cartera total bruta. El cual se califica como el riesgo que es causado por la tardanza en el cumplimiento del pago. El tiempo de tardanza origina un interés por mora. El presente artículo analizó el índice del riesgo de morosidad existente en el pago de los microcréditos simples en las instituciones financieras. Determinando que la morosidad es un riesgo presente en el sistema financiero; el incremento del índice de la morosidad es una señal que advierte una posible crisis financiera, por lo que debe estar estrictamente evaluado, un aumento significativo en la morosidad puede provocar un problema de rentabilidad y liquidez, incluso se traduciría en la generación de pérdidas y déficit de provisiones. En este sentido, una cooperativa de ahorro y crédito que empieza a sufrir un deterioro de su portafolio de créditos puede ver perjudicada su rentabilidad al aumentar la proporción de créditos con intereses no pagados.

Palabras clave: Riesgo, morosidad, microcréditos simples, instituciones financieras.
Farklı Dış Ortam Sıcaklıklarında Kullanılan Bir Termoelektrik Jeneratör Sisteminin Isı Alıcısının Optimizasyonu
Authors: GÜRCAN Ali , YAKAR Gülay
Published: February 2021

Bu çalışmada, turbo – şarjlı bir traktörde, kompresör ile ara soğutucu (intercooler) arasına termoelektrik jeneratör (TEJ) sistemi yerleştirilmiştir. TEJ sisteminin soğuk tarafındaki ısı alıcıların farklı dış ortam sıcaklıkları için optimum kanat kalınlıkları ve kanat aralıkları Matlab programı kullanılarak bulunmuştur. Nümerik analiz, 7 farklı dış ortam sıcaklığına göre gerçekleştirilmiştir (268, 278, 283, 288, 293, 298 ve 303 K). Matlab programındaki plot kodu kullanılarak, farklı dış ortam sıcaklıkları için ısı alıcıdan gerçekleşen ısı transferinin kanat kalınlıkları ile değişimi elde edilmiştir. Böylece maksimum ısı transferine karşılık gelen optimum kalınlık değerleri bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, kanat sayılarının ve kanatlı yüzeyin toplam ısı transfer alanlarının farklı dış ortam sıcaklıkları ile değişimleri incelenmiştir. Dış ortam sıcaklığındaki artış ile optimum kanat kalınlığı ve kanat aralığı artarken kanat sayısı ve toplam ısı transfer alanın ise azaldığı belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, 268 K sıcaklığına göre 303 K sıcaklığındaki optimum kanat kalınlığının yaklaşık olarak %5.4 ve optimum kanat aralığının %11 arttığı bulunmuştur. Ancak kanat sayısının %10.4 ve toplam ısı transfer alanının yaklaşık olarak %10 azaldığı tespit edilmiştir.
Spanish-for-native-speaker Matters: Narrowing the Latino Achievement Gap through Spanish Language Instruction
Authors: Carreira Maria
Published: February 2021

This paper argues that Spanish-for-native-speakers (SNS) instruction at the secondary
level can play a key role in narrowing the Latino achievement gap. To this end, SNS
curricula and practices should be configured to: 1) support Spanish-English biliteracy, 2)
support and facilitate learning across the curriculum, 3) socialize Latino students and
parents to the American system of education, and 4) marshal the resources of students’
home cultures to advance the educational and social needs of Latino youth. In addition,
this paper argues that SNS teachers should become stewards for Latino educational
progress within their schools. In this capacity, they must seek out collaborations with
their colleagues in other disciplines, particularly ESL teachers, as well as key members of
the administration, to bring about a supportive and caring school environment for Latino
students and their parents.
Is Grammar Instruction Beneficial for Heritage Language Learners? Dative Case Marking in Spanish
Authors: Montrul Silvina , Bowles Melissa
Published: February 2021

Spanish heritage speakers have been shown to have incomplete knowledge of dative case marking with both animate direct objects (also known as differential object marking (DOM) or a-personal) and dative experiencers with gustar-psych verbs in oral and written modes (Montrul, 2004; Montrul & Bowles, in press). In general, Spanish objects that are animate and specific are obligatorily marked with the preposition a (Juan conoce a tu hermana “Juan knows your sister”). Inanimate objects are unmarked (Juan compró un perro “Juan bought a dog”, Juan escuchó la radio “Juan listened to the radio”). Gustar-type psych verbs take dative experiencers obligatorily marked with the dative preposition a and a dative clitic (A Juan le gusta el rugby “Juan likes rugby”). This study investigated the effects of instruction on the acquisition of DOM and gustarverbs for heritage language learners. A total of 45 2nd generation Spanish heritage speakers
participated in the study, completing a pre-test, instructional treatment, and a post-test. The instructional treatment consisted of an explicit grammatical explanation of the uses of a followed by three practice exercises, for which participants received immediate, explicit feedback, including negative evidence. Results of the heritage learners' pre-test confirmed that their recognition and production of a with animate direct objects and dative experiencers is probabilistic, compared with a baseline group of 12 native speakers of Spanish. Post-test results revealed highly significant gains by heritage learners in both intuitions and production, suggesting that instruction, including both positive and negative evidence, facilitates classroom heritage language acquisition, at least in the short term.
The Legacy of the Linguistic Fence: Linguistic Patterns among ultra-Orthodox Jewish Girls
Authors: Tannenbaum Michal , Abugov Netta
Published: February 2021

This study examined linguistic patterns in the Jewish ultra-Orthodox community in Israel, a
group that has rarely been studied from a sociolinguistic perspective. Participants were 92
girls, 10-12 years old, who attend a school where Yiddish is the language of instruction and Hebrew, Israel’s official language, is studied only in religious contexts. Results show that the girls use and prefer to use Yiddish in most contexts and rate their fluency level higher in Yiddish than in Hebrew. Their appreciation of Yiddish was significantly correlated with negative attitudes toward Hebrew. Relationships with parents had no linguistic effects. Findings are discussed in light of the role of both languages in their community, the uniqueness of this linguistic minority group, especially in comparison with immigrants, the impact of group ideology, and the relevance of emotional correlates of language usage at both individual and community levels.
Filling the Void: Community Spanish Language Programs in Los Angeles Serving to
Preserve the Language
Authors: Carreira Maria M. , Rodríguez Rey
Published: February 2021

An extensive body of research documents the successes of immigrant groups in establishing community language schools. Studied within this tradition, Latino immigrant communities appear to come up short, because of the scarcity of such schools for Spanish-speaking children. However, as we show in this paper, Latino immigrant communities do have strategies for filling the void to ensure the generational transmission of Spanish. Although relatively few in number and despite a great need for such institutions, the landscape of community language resources in the Los Angeles area stands out for the range of options that exist for exposing Latino youth to their heritage language. The four programs described here, each serving a distinct community vision for the teaching of Spanish, evidence great linguistic agency and resourcefulness on the part of Latino parents, as well as a clear understanding of the role and the critical need that they envision for Spanish in the lives of their children.