bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phenolic Compound in Garlic (Allium sativum) and Black Garlic Potency as Antigout Using Molecular Docking Approach
Authors: Lestari Ayu Rahmania , Batubara Irmanida , Wahyudi Setyanto Tri , Ilmiawati Auliya
Published: September 2022

Phenolics, including flavonoids, are bioactive components in garlic in relatively abundant amounts and are present 2–4 times more in black garlic. Both of these compounds are reported to have biological activity, with one of them acting as an antioxidant. However, its ability as an antigout is still not widely reported. Xanthine oxidase, adenine deaminase, guanine deaminase, purine nucleoside phosphorylase, and 5-Nucleotidase II are involved during the production of uric acid and causes gout. This study predicted the potential of the phenolic and flavonoid compounds in garlic and black garlic as antigout in inhibiting five target receptors through a molecular docking approach. Utilizing AutoDock Tools v.1.5.7 for receptor and ligand preparation, AutoDock Vina and AutoDock4 for molecular docking, and LigPlot+ and PyMOL for visualization. About 21 compounds from the phenolic and flavonoid groups were used as test ligands and 16 reference ligands (substrate and commercial). SwissADME predicted the pharmacokinetic parameters. The results showed that apigenin, morin, resveratrol, kaempferol, (+)-catechin, isorhamnetin, and (-)-epicatechin were predicted to have good interactions at each target receptor and had the potential to be developed as candidates for multi-target antigout. Based on the pharmacokinetic parameters, all these compounds had good scores in each, making them feasible to continue in vitro or in vivo trials.
Cellulose Nanofibers from Regenerated Cellulose fibers of Cigarette Butts and Application in Pickering Emulsion
Authors: Amanda Putri , Masruchin Nanang , Amelia Anita
Published: September 2022

Cellulose nanofibers (CNF) have been applied in various applications due to the abundant raw materials and excellent mechanical and thermal properties. In this work, CNF from Cigarette butts (CNF-CB) was used as emulsion stabilized for oil in water emulsion. CNF was prepared from regenerated cellulose fibers that were produced by deacetylation of Cigarette butts waste using autoclave and then hydrolysis by chemical treatment using sulfuric acid. The FTIR spectra of CNF-CB showed chemically convert from Cigarette butts waste, indicating removal of the acetyl group. TEM micrographs showed nanocellulose with diameters of 8-32.30 nm. XRD analysis shows that the CNF-CB is a cellulose II allomorph with a crystallinity index of about 88.04%. Thermogravimetric analysis showed high char residue for the nanocellulose compared to raw fibers. The addition of CNF-CB with a concentration of 0.5% into the oil-in-water emulsion (O/W) showed better stability than commercial surfactant. In conclusion, this approach offers a promising strategy for upcycling cigarette butts waste to produce nanocellulose, which could be used in various applications.
Morphological and molecular studies on the genus Gayralia (Ulotrichales, Chlorophyta) in northeastern Brazil with expansion of its species distribution
Authors: da Silva Sebastiana Lidielda Albuquerque , Brito Jhullyrson Osman Ferreira , Pereira Sonia Barreto , Gama Watson Arantes , José da Silva Junior Wilson , Benko-Iseppon Ana Maria , Cassano Valéria
Published: September 2022

The genus Gayralia has a complex taxonomy, often with morphological and ontogenetic characteristics that overlap with those of other monostromatic green algae, mainly Monostroma. Molecular studies of monostromatic green algae are still rare, especially in Brazil, where G. brasiliensis was described originally. Considering the difficulties in delimiting genera and species based on morphological criteria, we investigated the genus Gayralia through ITS sequencing of field collections in the tropical northeastern region of Brazil. Our 14 newly generated sequences formed a fully supported clade with G. brasiliensis showing low intraspecific divergence (0–0.6%). The distribution of G. brasiliensis in Brazil was expanded to the northeastern Brazilian coast, with the first record for the states of Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Alagoas, and Sergipe. In addition, two sequences from India identified as G. “oxysperma” were grouped in the G. brasiliensis clade, indicating that they correspond to the same genetic species. This finding extends the geographical distribution of G. brasiliensis to India. Our results place Monostroma kuroshiense within the Gayralia clade, which warrants a new combination – Gayralia kuroshiensis (F.Bast) comb. nov.
Antioxidant and photocatalytic properties of zinc oxide nanoparticles phyto-fabricated using the aqueous leaf extract of Sida acuta
Authors: Ramesh Abhilash Mavinakere , Pal Kaushik , Kodandaram Anju , Manjula Bangalore Lakshminarayana , Ravishankar Doddarasinakere Kempaiah , Gowtham Hittanahallikoppal Gajendramurthy , Murali Mahadevamurthy , Rahdar Abbas , Kyzas George Z.
Published: September 2022

Nanoparticles have gained considerable attention during the present millennium due to its unique properties and usage of same in all the scientific fields. The present study was aimed to phyto-fabricate zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) from Sida acuta and evaluate its antioxidant and photocatalytic activity against the dye victoria blue (VB). The phyto-fabricated ZnO NPs when subjected for physico-chemical characterization showed an absorbance peak at 373 nm and was spherical in nature. Strong and well-distinguished sharp peaks were noticed in X-ray diffraction analysis with an average size of ∼32.82 nm calculated through Scherrer’s formula. The size was also authenticated through dynamic light scattering analysis and transmission electron microscopy. The Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy confirmed that the phyto-constituents of the plant extract served as capping/stabilizing agents during the synthesis of ZnO NPs. The atomic force microscopy studies on morphology and geometrics of the synthesized particles indicated that particles were monodispersed with colour difference. In addition, the surface area of ZnO NPs measured by Braunauer–Emmett–Teller experimental studies for adsorption isotherms was found to be 7.364 m2·g−1. The antioxidant efficacy of the phyto-fabricated ZnO NPs offered concentration-dependent antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 0.74 mg·mL−1. Further, the VB (9 mM) dye degradation studies using the phyto-fabricated ZnO NPs (0.75 g·L−1) resulted in dye degradation of 93% at 40 min in natural sunlight. Further, the reuse and recycling of the photocatalyst for dye degradation offered 70.25% dye degradation ability within 40 min exposure to sunlight at the fifth cycle of reusability thereby indicating effective dye degradation ability of the phyto-fabricated ZnO NPs from the aqueous leaf extract of S. acuta.
Computerized analysis of cardiotocograms in clinical practice and the SisPorto®system thirty-two years after: technological, physiopathological and clinical studies
Authors: Bernardes João
Published: September 2022

Objectives

The objective of this study is to present the why, what and how about computerized analysis of cardiotocograms (cCTG) and the SisPorto system for cCTG.

Content

A narrative review about cCTG and the SisPorto system for cCTG is presented. The meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCT) performed so far have evidenced that cCGT compared to traditional CTG analysis may save time spent in hospital for women, in the antepartum period, and is objective with at least equivalent results in maternal and perinatal outcomes, both in the ante and intrapartum periods. The SisPorto system for cCTG closely follows the FIGO guidelines for fetal monitoring. It may be used both in the ante and intrapartum periods, alone or connected to a central monitoring station, with simultaneous monitoring of fetal and maternal signals, not only in singletons but also in twins. It has been assessed in technical, physiopathological and clinical studies, namely in one large multicentric international RCT during labor and two meta-analysis.

Summary and outlook

There is evidence that cCTG may be useful in clinical practice with advantages compared to traditional CTG analysis, although without clear impact on the decrease of preventable maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. More studies are warranted, namely on technical improvements and assessment in larger studies in a wider range of clinical settings.
Usefulness of close surveillance for rectal cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Hsu Yu-Jen , Chern Yih-Jong , Lai I-Li , Chiang Sum-Fu , Liao Chun-Kai , Tsai Wen-Sy , Hung Hsin-Yuan , Hsieh Pao-Shiu , Yeh Chien-Yuh , Chiang Jy-Ming , Yu Yen-Lin , You Jeng-Fu
Published: September 2022

It is controversial whether patients who achieve clinical complete remission (cCR) of rectal cancer should be treated with the “watch and wait” (W&W) or radical resection (RR) strategy. Our study aimed to compare the survival outcomes and ostomy rate of the W&W and RR strategies. Between January 2008 and December 2015, we investigated 26 patients who achieved pathologic complete remission after undergoing RR and 36 patients who adopted the W&W strategy because of cCR. The tumor regrowth, salvage surgery, recurrence, disease-free, and overall survival (OS) rates were assessed. In our study, recurrences occurred in nine and two patients from the W&W and RR groups, respectively. Each patient in the RR group had a temporary or permanent ostomy, but only three (8.3%) had an ostomy in the W&W group. The 5-year recurrence rate was 25.0% in the W&W group and 7.7% in the RR group. Six patients (16.7%) had tumor regrowth in the W&W group, and all were resectable when regrowth. The 5-year OS rates between the two groups were nonsignificant. There is no specific risk factor for recurrence and OS. Under close surveillance, the W&W group achieved similar OS to the RR group and benefited from a lower ostomy rate.
Circadian clock and temporal meal pattern
Authors: Li Xin , Sun Zheng
Published: September 2022

The central circadian clock in the brain controls the time-of-the-day variations in acute meal responses, with a low glycemic response but a high satiety/thermogenic response to meals consumed at waking compared to other time points. Consistently, studies show that consuming a significant proportion of calories, particularly carbohydrates, in breakfast is beneficial for the chronic management of obesity and its associated metabolic syndrome, compared to consuming identical meals at dinner. Conversely, breakfast skipping or/and late dinner can have unfavorable metabolic outcomes. It remains controversial how meal frequency affects metabolic health. In contrast, irregular meals, especially irregular breakfasts, show consistent adverse metabolic consequences. Time-restricted feeding (TRF), with all calories consumed within less than 12-h per day, can improve metabolism and extend lifespan. A major component of TRF in humans is caloric restriction, which contributes significantly to the beneficial effects of TRF in humans. By comparison, TRF effects in rodents can be independent of caloric restriction and show day/night phase specificity. TRF could alleviate metabolic abnormalities due to circadian disruption, but its effects appear independent of the circadian clock in rodents. Understanding neuroendocrine mechanisms underlying clock-mediated metabolic regulation will shed light on the metabolic effects of temporal meal patterns.
Current and promising treatment strategies in glioma
Authors: Śledzińska Paulina , Bebyn Marek , Furtak Jacek , Koper Agnieszka , Koper Krzysztof
Published: September 2022

Gliomas are the most common primary central nervous system tumors; despite recent advances in diagnosis and treatment, glioma patients generally have a poor prognosis. Hence there is a clear need for improved therapeutic options. In recent years, significant effort has been made to investigate immunotherapy and precision oncology approaches. The review covers well-established strategies such as surgery, temozolomide, PCV, and mTOR inhibitors. Furthermore, it summarizes promising therapies: tumor treating fields, immune therapies, tyrosine kinases inhibitors, IDH(Isocitrate dehydrogenase)-targeted approaches, and others. While there are many promising treatment strategies, none fundamentally changed the management of glioma patients. However, we are still awaiting the outcome of ongoing trials, which have the potential to revolutionize the treatment of glioma.
The effect of tablet detergent wastewater using zeolite from rice husk ash on the chemical water quality and the growth of water hyacinth
Authors: Yusriadi Yusriadi , Ridayanti Dian , Sulastri Evi , Aanisah Nuur
Published: September 2022

The objective of this study is to determine the effect of detergent tablets containing zeolite from rice husk ash as builder on chemical water quality and growth of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes). Water hyacinth is a plant that grows very readily in waters contaminated by detergent effluent, which can lead to eutrophication. Three detergent formulations were studied, differing only in their zeolite content: F1 (zeolite 15%), F2 (zeolite 20%) and F3 (zeolite 25%). The same formulations containing sodium tripolyphosphate (STTP) instead of zeolite were used for comparison: P1 (STTP 15%), P2 (STTP 20%) and P3 (STTP 25%). The effluents contained the respective formulations at five concentrations (0, 25, 50, 75, 100)%. Water hyacinth growth was studied by plant wet weight, plant height, number of leaves and dry weight, and water chemical parameters were determined by chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), total suspended solid (TSS) and pH value. The results of the plant growth studies showed that detergent formulations F1 and F2 and comparative detergent formulations P1 and P2 caused plant growth. The measurements of BOD, COD, TSS and pH showed that the detergent formulation with zeolite had a higher value than the formulation of the comparison detergent. The formulation with a zeolite concentration of 25% (F3) is recommended because it is the best formula that has a negative effect on plant growth compared to formulations F1 and F2. This is supported by chemical parameters among which the COD, BOD and pH values still meet the requirements of the quality standards for detergent waste water.
Optimization of the primary purification process of extracting sphorolipid from the fermentation broth to achieve a higher yield and purity
Authors: Pal Yogita , Mali Suraj N. , Pratap Amit P.
Published: September 2022

Sophorolipid (SL) is a surface-active glycolipid biosurfactant with promising industrial applications. It is synthesised by fermentation of hydrophobic and hydrophilic substrates using selected non-pathogenic yeasts. However, its applications are limited by high production costs and ineffective product recovery in downstream purification stages. Natural sophorolipids are produced in six to nine different hydrophobic sophorosides, where the carboxyl end of the fatty acid is either free, which is known as the acidic or open form, or it can be esterified internally to produce the lactonic form. The present study deals with the screening and selection of suitable solvents for the extraction of acidic and lactonic SL from fermentation broth. The optimisation study involves exhaustive extraction with the six different immiscible solvents ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, methylene dichloride, methyltert.-butyl ether, methyliso-butyl ketone and methyl ethyl ketone. The partition coefficient (Kd), which is the ratio of the solute concentration in the organic layer compared to the aqueous layer, determines the performance measurement of the extraction process in terms of yield and purity of the desired solute. The factors that influence exhaustive extraction were the broth to solvent ratio and the extraction stages. The optimal extraction conditions for the highest possible yield were a broth to solvent ratio of 1:1 and a number of extraction steps of 2. Methylene dichloride showed better results in terms of yield and selectivity in the extraction of acidic and lactonic SL from the fermentation broth compared to the other solvents investigated. For lactonic SL, the highest Kdvalue determined was 36.6 and for acidic SL the highest Kdvalue was 1.14.
Rap1 prevents fusions between long telomeres in fission yeast
Authors: Pan Lili , Tormey Duncan , Bobon Nadine , Baumann Peter
Published: September 2022

The conserved Rap1 protein is part of the shelterin complex that plays critical roles in chromosome end protection and telomere length regulation. Previous studies have addressed how fission yeast Rap1 contributes to telomere length maintenance, but the mechanism by which the protein inhibits end fusions has remained elusive. Here, we use a mutagenesis screen in combination with high‐throughput sequencing to identify several amino acid positions in Rap1 that have key roles in end protection. Interestingly, mutations at these sites render cells susceptible to genome instability in a conditional manner, whereby longer telomeres are prone to undergoing end fusions, while telomeres within the normal length range are sufficiently protected. The protection of long telomeres is in part dependent on their nuclear envelope attachment mediated by the Rap1–Bqt4 interaction. Our data demonstrate that long telomeres represent a challenge for the maintenance of genome integrity, thereby providing an explanation for species‐specific upper limits on telomere length.
The OTUD6B‐LIN28B‐MYC axis determines the proliferative state in multiple myeloma
Authors: Paulmann Carmen , Spallek Ria , Karpiuk Oleksandra , Heider Michael , Schäffer Isabell , Zecha Jana , Klaeger Susan , Walzik Michaela , Öllinger Rupert , Engleitner Thomas , Wirth Matthias , Keller Ulrich , Krönke Jan , Rudelius Martina , Kossatz Susanne , Rad Roland , Kuster Bernhard , Bassermann Florian
Published: September 2022

Deubiquitylases (DUBs) are therapeutically amenable components of the ubiquitin machinery that stabilize substrate proteins. Their inhibition can destabilize oncoproteins that may otherwise be undruggable. Here, we screened for DUB vulnerabilities in multiple myeloma, an incurable malignancy with dependency on the ubiquitin proteasome system and identified OTUD6B as an oncogene that drives the G1/S‐transition. LIN28B, a suppressor of microRNA biogenesis, is specified as a bona fide cell cycle‐specific substrate of OTUD6B. Stabilization of LIN28B drives MYC expression at G1/S, which in turn allows for rapid S‐phase entry. Silencing OTUD6B or LIN28B inhibits multiple myeloma outgrowth in vivo and high OTUD6B expression evolves in patients that progress to symptomatic multiple myeloma and results in an adverse outcome of the disease. Thus, we link proteolytic ubiquitylation with post‐transcriptional regulation and nominate OTUD6B as a potential mediator of the MGUS‐multiple myeloma transition, a central regulator of MYC, and an actionable vulnerability in multiple myeloma and other tumors with an activated OTUD6B‐LIN28B axis.
İŞVERENE ÇALIŞMA KOŞULLARINDA DEĞİŞİKLİK YAPMA HAKKI VEREN GENEL İŞLEM KOŞULU NİTELİĞİ TAŞIYAN GÖNÜLLÜLÜK VE GERİ ALMA/DEĞİŞİKLİK KAYITLARININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: ALP Nihat Seyhun
Published: September 2022

İş sözleşmeleri kural olarak belirsiz süreli olarak kurulmaktadır. Böylece işçi ve işverenler iş sözleşmesinden doğan borçlarını uzun vadede ve sürekli olarak yerine getirmektedir. Bununla birlikte iş sözleşmesinin akdedilmesi sırasında mevcut olmayan veya iş ilişkisi devam ederken değişen durumlar söz konusu olabilir. Bu durumda işveren, İş Kanununun 22. maddesine dayanarak çalışma koşullarını değiştirebilir. Diğer taraftan bu maddede düzenlenen usule tabi olmak istemeyen ve iş sözleşmesinin hızlı bir şekilde uyumlaştırılması ihtiyacını hisseden işveren, tip iş sözleşmelerinde ve iç yönetmeliklerde değişikliği saklı tutma kayıtları düzenlemektedir. Ancak işverenin bu hakkının sınırsız olarak düşünülmemesi ve bu kayıtların genel işlem koşulları açısından denetlenmesi gerekmektedir. Bu düşünce bağlamında, çalışmamızda genel işlem koşulları niteliği taşıyan gönüllülük kayıtları (Freiwilligkeitsvorbehalt), değişiklik kayıtları (Änderungsvorbehalt) ve geri alma kayıtları (Widerrufsvorbehalt) ayrıntılı olarak incelenmiştir.
Procesador de datos para estimar la composición del crudo en la dosificación de materias primas para la elaboración de cemento
Authors: Pompilla Cáceres Nidia , Tanco Fernández Paul , Angulo Salas Fredi , Gonza Coaguila Víctor , Neyra Gutiérrez David
Published: September 2022

En la industria cementera, la dosificación de materias primas constituye una etapa importante en la que se obtienen mezclas denominadas crudos de cemento, del contenido de estas mezclas dependerá la composición química y mineralógica del clínker y del tipo de cemento a producir. Para determinar las proporciones adecuadas, se suelen usar métodos de cálculo que consisten en módulos empíricos; en la práctica, el empleo de estos métodos se dificulta por su complejidad y la escasa aplicación de programas convencionales. En la presente investigación aplicada se desarrolló un procesador de datos para estimar la composición química del crudo. La metodología consistió en el desarrollo de ecuaciones, el diseño del programa y su validación, se verificó su funcionalidad, efectividad e interacción con el usuario con los resultados obtenidos. De ese modo, se obtuvo un procesador que maneja adecuadamente la información relacionada con las materias primas y el tipo de cemento, y que obtiene resultados muy aceptables.
Modelo de gestión para la aplicación de herramientas Lean Manufacturing para la mejora de la productividad en una empresa de confección de ropa antiflama de Lima - Perú
Authors: Ortiz Porras Jorge , Salas Bacalla Julio , Huayanay Palma Lisseth , Manrique Alva Rosiand , Sobrado Malpartida Eddie
Published: September 2022

La presente investigación se centra en el análisis del proceso productivo de confección y de los tiempos estándar para la creación de un modelo de gestión basado en herramientas Lean Manufacturing en una empresa textil de confección de ropa antiflama de Lima, Perú, con el objetivo de mejorar la productividad de esta empresa y que el modelo diseñado pueda ser aplicado en entornos similares. Para ello, se detectaron los problemas, y en base a lo observado, se elaboró un plan de mejora continua siguiendo la metodología DMAIC (definir, medir, analizar, mejorar y controlar) que se encarga de la mejora incremental de los procesos. Con la aplicación de las 5S (que crea un proceso continuo de mejora del entorno de trabajo y ayuda a que los problemas sean visibles), instructivos para el aprendizaje, un estudio de tiempos y un plan de mantenimiento total, se obtuvo un incremento del 20% de la productividad hora-hombre. Asimismo, se sometió el modelo a un juicio de expertos y se obtuvo un valor de validación de V de Aiken del 100%, lo que indica que el modelo resulta eficaz en la mejora de la productividad en empresas de confección.
Influencia del sistema automatizado de configuraciones sobre el proceso de gestión del cambio del área IP de una operadora móvil en Perú frente a la pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Romero Lovera Jesús Alonso
Published: September 2022

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la influencia del sistema automatizado de configuraciones sobre el proceso de gestión del cambio del área de IP de una operadora móvil frente a la pandemia de COVID-19. Se empleó una metodología cuantitativa de diseño experimental, del tipo aplicada, nivel explicativo sobre una población y muestra conformada por las gestiones del cambio entre los años 2019 y 2020. Se observó una reducción en la tasa de solicitudes fallidas de 74.95% en 2019 a 59.86% en 2020 y un incremento de 25.05% a 40.14% en relación a la tasa de éxito; asimismo, el sistema tiene una resiliencia en el proceso, debido a que, la tasa de éxito incrementó en un 16.30%. Se concluye que el sistema automatizado de configuraciones influye positivamente sobre el proceso de gestión con un incremento del 60.28% en la tasa de éxito y una reducción del 20.14% en la tasa de fallas.
Elevation of Pennantia J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. sect. Dermatocarpus Miers (Pennantiaceae J.Agardh.) to subgenus rank
Authors:   The University of Waikato, Hamilton, Aotearoa / New Zealand, Maurin K.J.L. , Baling M. ,   Unitec Institute of Technology, Auckland, Aotearoa / New Zealand, de Lange P.J. ,   Unitec Institute of Technology, Auckland, Aotearoa / New Zealand
Published: September 2022

Pennantia J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. sect. Dermatocarpus Miers is elevated to subgenus rank on the basis of morphological distinctions and phylogenetic position between the sole representative of this section, Pennantia cunninghamii Miers, and the other three members of section Pennantia.
A critical revision of the powdery mildew fungi (Erysiphaceae, Ascomycota) of Ukraine: Arthrocladiella and Blumeria
Authors:   M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Heluta V.P.
Published: September 2022

The previously compiled list of species of powdery mildew fungi of Ukraine was published more than 30 years ago. That list included 108 species belonging to 12 genera. However, over the past three decades, numerous changes have been made in the system of the former order Erysiphales, in particular, in its generic composition; moreover, dozens of new species have been described. At the same time, many species of powdery mildew fungi were introduced to Europe, including Ukraine, in particular, from East Asia and North America. Thus, the species composition of powdery mildew fungi of Ukraine has undergone significant changes and requires a critical revision. Therefore, a series of relevant articles is planned to be published. This article, the first in the series, deals with the small genera Arthrocladiella and Blumeria. A list of species of these genera recorded in Ukraine (Arthrocladiella mougeotii, Blumeria avenae, B. bulbigera, B. dactylidis, B. graminicola, B. graminis, and B. hordei), their distribution by regions of Ukraine and a key for identification are provided. Arthrocladiella mougeotii was found to occur occasionally only in nine regions, mainly in the southern part of Ukraine, primarily in the forest-steppe and steppe zones and on the South Coast of Crimea. Blumeria avenae was recorded only in two regions, on the South Coast of Crimea and in Central Polissya and should be also considered rare in Ukraine. The remaining species were observed quite often and registered in 14–24 regions, while B. graminicola and B. graminis are regarded as the most common ones.
Uso del endeudamiento y desempeño en los mercados accionarios. El caso de sociedades anónimas de Brasil, Chile, México y Perú
Authors: Sandoval Álamos Eduardo Enrique , Olea Rodríguez Fernando Matías
Published: September 2022

Considerando costos de transacción, este artículo evalúa el desempeño de dos estrategias activas de portafolio, utilizando técnicas de mínimos cuadrados ordinarios (MCO) y de regresiones aparentemente no relacionadas (SUR), para los mercados accionarios de Brasil, Chile, México y Perú. La primera estrategia contempla portafolios de empresas con buen uso del endeudamiento, y la segunda, lo opuesto. Ambas están basadas en los estados financieros emitidos bajo las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera (NIIF). Los resultados indican que, por un lado, las estrategias no exhiben un desempeño superior a su respectivo mercado accionario y, por otro, solo en Chile, la primera estrategia supera en desempeño a la segunda.
Desigualdad de género e integración económica en Centroamérica
Authors: Caceres Luis Rene
Published: September 2022

Este artículo ofrece evidencia del papel positivo que la reducción de la desigualdad de género ejerce en el crecimiento económico de los países centroamericanos. La metodología de análisis consiste en la estimación de ecuaciones por medio de mínimos cuadrados ordinarios, usando una sección cruzada de datos de 2017, de diecisiete países latinoamericanos. Se desarrolló un modelo de interdependencia económica para los países centroamericanos, con resultados que revelan que la reducción de la desigualdad de género en un país concreto conduce al aumento de su PIB y los de los otros países. Este tema no ha sido analizado en la literatura de la integración económica. La implicación es que los países pueden encontrar un medio para dinamizar sus economías, en la reducción de la desigualdad de género.
Mercado laboral y shocks petroleros: un análisis de cohorte y PVAR para Ecuador
Authors: Cajas Guijarro John , Jácome Estrella Hugo , Pérez Almeida Bryan
Published: September 2022

Este artículo estima el efecto de la volatilidad del precio del petróleo sobre el mercado laboral ecuatoriano y analiza cómo ese efecto podría relacionarse con algunas desigualdades laborales estructurales. Para ello, el artículo combina un modelo econométrico de cohortes poblacionales y un modelo PVAR, ambos estimados con encuestas de empleo e información macroeconómica de Ecuador, para el periodo 2007-2019. Con tales modelos, se encontró que un aumento en el precio del petróleo tiene efectos positivos significativos en la producción, en los ingresos laborales y en la calidad del empleo. Ello evidencia que el mercado laboral ecuatoriano es altamente vulnerable a los shocks petroleros.
Evaluación de la percepción del impacto de proyectos de desarrollo local de tipo económico implementados en el territorio de Cienfuegos. Estudio de caso.
Authors: Ruíz Domínguez Raúl Gerardo , Becerra Lois Francisco Angel , Pons García Roberto Carmelo
Published: September 2022

La evaluación del impacto constituye un momento determinante dentro del ciclo de proyectos de desarrollo. Se propuso una metodología orientada a evaluar, desde un enfoque integral y sistémico, cómo se percibe el impacto de proyectos de desarrollo local de tipo económico en las dimensiones del desarrollo territorial. Se utilizaron criterios de evaluación contextualizados a exigencias de la gestión de proyectos e incluyó el análisis de la concertación de los actores implicados, considerando retos y objetivos estratégicos desde una perspectiva territorial. La concepción metodológica contribuye a fundamentar planes de acción para mejorar problemáticas identificadas en la evaluación.
Midiativismo e participação política
Authors: Ramalho Raul
Published: September 2022

Este artigo analisa estratégias discursivas da Mídia Ninja e dos Jornalistas Livres, coletivos midiáticos com ampla capilaridade nas redes sociais online, para caracterizar a participação dos grupos no processo eleitoral brasileiro de 2018 e delinear, indutivamente, a relação entre midiativismo e participação política. Enunciados postados no Facebook são interpretados com base num entrelaçamento entre as Análises do Discurso Textualmente Orientada e Crítica do Discurso, considerando oito categorias (formatos, ethos, gêneros textuais, intertextualidade e interdiscursividade, caracterização dos candidatos, tematização, participação e midiativismo). Os resultados indicam que a relação entre midiativismo e participação é profícua e positiva para a democracia, quando busca justiça social e defesa dos direitos humanos. Assuntos, movimentos e grupos marginalizados nos debates públicos encontram representatividade no midiativismo, multiplicando possibilidades de participação.
Wittgenstein e a distinção entre sentido e significado
Authors: Júnior Gerson Francisco de Arruda , Luna José Marcos Gomes de
Published: September 2022

O presente artigo enfrenta a questão da distinção entre sentido e significado nas Investigações Filosóficas. Considerando a mudança radical na virada linguístico-pragmática ocorrida no pensamento de Wittgenstein, que passa a situar tanto o sentido quanto o significado no âmbito do uso que fazemos da linguagem, procura-se mostrar que distinguir as noções de sentido e de significado, nas Investigações Filosóficas, não somente é possível, mas também é de fundamental importância para uma mais ampla compreensão desses termos no pensamento do segundo Wittgenstein. Por conseguinte, contrapõe-se a leitura atenta do parágrafo 556 das Investigações Filosóficas à interpretação tradicional, que não se preocupa em distinguir sentido de significado, desejando apontar e fundamentar tal proposta.
PERKEMBANGAN DAN POTENSI PRODUKSI PERIKANAN PELAGIS KECIL, SERTA STRATEGI PEMULIHAN SUMBER DAYA IKANNYA DI LAUT JAWA
Authors: Purwanto Purwanto
Published: September 2022

Laut Jawa adalah salah satu daerah penangkapan utama perikanan pelagis kecil di Indonesia. Untuk pengelolaan perikanan tersebut, telah dilakukan pengkajian sumber daya ikannya. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa produksi lestari maksimum (MSY) dari pemanfaatan sumber daya ikan pelagis kecil sekitar 312,1 ribu ton/tahun, yang dihasilkan dari penangkapan dengan upaya optimal (EMSY) setara dengan pengoperasian 996 kapal pukat cincin berukuran 80 GT dengan mesin utama 270 DK. Hasil kajian juga menunjukkan bahwa sumber daya ikan pelagis kecil di Laut Jawa sudah dimanfaatkan secara berlebih sejak 1999. Agar sumber daya ikan menghasilkan produksi pada tingkat MSY perlu dilakukan langkah pemulihannya, yaitu penghentian penangkapan ikan pada tahun pertama; kegiatan penangkapan dimulai kembali pada tahun kedua dari periode pemulihan dengan upaya penangkapan setara 80% dari EMSY dan tahun-tahun sesudahnya setara dengan EMSY. Bila terdapat resistensi kuat terhadap penghentian kegiatan penangkapan, strategi alternatifnya adalah pengendalian upaya penangkapan pada tingkat EMSY sejak tahun pertama periode pemulihan.The Java Sea is one of the main fishing areas for small pelagic fishery in Indonesia. To support the management of that fishery, an assessment of the small pelagic fish stock was conducted. The result shows that the maximum sustainable yield from utilizing small pelagic fish stock in the Java Sea was about 312.1 thousand tons per year, resulting from fishing activity with optimum effort (EMSY) equaling to the operation of 996 purse seiners of 80 GT with the main engine of 270 HP. Unfortunately, fishing effort was higher than EMSY and the fish stock has been over-exploited since 1999. To ensure the optimal sustainable production from utilizing the small pelagic fish stock, it is necessary to recover fish stock by halting fishing activity in the first year of the recovery period; the fishing activity should be started at the second year of the recovery period by controlling fishing effort at 80% of EMSY and at EMSY afterward. If there is strong resistance of fishers to the cessation of fishing activity, an alternative strategy should be controlling fishing effort at EMSY since the first year of the recovery period.
Oddział Polskiego Towarzystwa Historycznego w Wilnie (1925–1939)
Authors:   Dr hab., prof. UR, Instytut Historii Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, Polska, Sierżęga Paweł
Published: September 2022

After regaining independence, historians associated in scientific societies operating in the partitioned regions faced the challenge of their reorganization. It was the Historical Society, established in Lviv in 1886, which was the most important of these, above all bringing together all representatives of Klio. The adoption of a new statute by the Historical Society in 1924 and the changing the name into the Polish Historical Society, not only led to the unification of the institution, giving it a nation-wide character, but also regulated the principles of establishing branch offices. One of them, focused around the reactivated Stefan Batory University, was the branch of Polish Historical Society in Vilnius. The characteristics of its activities allow us to define the role that the Vilnius community played in the dissemination of knowledge, as well as to define the place and its rank in the structure of the Society. In the interwar period, the branch of the Polish Historical Society in Vilnius did not show much scientific activity. The focus was almost exclusively on the implementation of the statutory objectives, which was manifested in the organization of scientific meetings and participation in the General Meetings of Polish Historians, of which the most important for the local community was the Congress in Vilnius organized in 1935. Locally, the Society of Friends of Sciences in Vilnius, operating from 1907, enjoyed greater popularity, involving both the university community and local archivists, as well as librarians and history enthusiasts.
Zaangażowanie kobiet w problemy społeczne w dwudziestoleciu międzywojennym w Polsce na wybranych przykładach
Authors:   Dr, Instytut Historyczny Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego, Polska, Skotnicka-Palka Małgorzata
Published: September 2022

The article presents the profiles and activities of a few selected women, social activists from the interwar period in Poland. They came from various backgrounds, they were active in many fields, but also offered and directed their help to various groups of people. They were all connected by their work done out of sense of duty and even understood as a mission towards people who were in need. Their possibilities were different. Michalina Mościcka and Aleksandra Piłsudska were the wives of notable politicians. They both acted as community workers before their husbands ’political careers took off, and likewise while they were in public office. Olga Małkowska from the Drahonowski family participated in the establishment of the scouting movement in Poland, promoted its spread in society, and at the same time saw and reacted to problems that Poles faced right after the state regained independence. She was socially involved, inter alia, in taking care of poor children. Dr. Justyna Budzyńska-Tylicka was a doctor, a pioneer in promoting women’s hygiene and health. She noticed the problems of the poorest women related to the issue of family planning, which led her to engage in social and educational activities in rural and working-class communities. The writer Irena Krzywicka was also active in this field. Zofia Solarzowa, on the other hand, took the work in the social field from home. Following the example of the activities of her adoptive parents, she felt the need to continue their work, engaging in the cooperative movement, thus educating future social activists. The activities of all these women could be treated as a new form of patriotism, meant not through armed, military struggle, but through broadly understood work aimed at strengthening the Polish state, reborn after 123 years of captivity.
Rola wojskowych w budowie Centralnego Okręgu Przemysłowego
Authors:   Prof. dr hab., Katedra Nauk o Polityce i Polityki Bezpieczeństwa, Wydział Nauk Społecznych, Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie, Polska, Jabłonowski Marek , Jakubowski Wojciech ,   Prof. dr hab., Katedra Historii Politycznej, Wydział Nauk Politycznych i Studiów Międzynarodowych, Uniwersytet Warszawski, Polska
Published: September 2022

The Central Industrial District was a unique economic and military program in Central and Eastern Europe initiated in the years 1936–1939, constituting a significant achievement for Poland in the Second Polish Republic. The decision to establish it resulted from the need to strengthen the state's military and economic potential, the increasing tension in international relations and the threat posed by Poland's neighbours and potential enemies, as well as providing the army with modern weapons and equipment. Military institutions played one of the essential roles in the implementation of the program.
Belarusian vs. Polish transformation. Two paths of institutional change
Authors:   Dr hab., Katedra Historii Ekonomii, Instytut Ekonomii, Wydział Ekonomiczno-Socjologiczny, Uniwersytet Łódzki, Polska, Pieczewski Andrzej , Sidarava Aliaksandra ,   Dr, Katedra Historii Ekonomii, Instytut Ekonomii, Wydział Ekonomiczno-Socjologiczny, Uniwersytet Łódzki, Polska
Published: September 2022

The aim of the article is to compare the results of Belarus and Poland’s post-Communist transformation and to indicate the reasons for the two different paths followed. We hypothesize that both the historically shaped differences in mental models and strong ties with international protectors of these countries were the main elements that determined the paths of the transformations. We also try to highlight the main differences in the mentality and the contemporary institutional matrix of the two countries. We modify the matrix by adding a new element – an external protector – which is critical, especially regarding these two countries. We use the tools and methods of new institutional economics in our analyses.
Pulmonary homograft dysfunction after Ross procedure in adults: a single center experience
Authors: Enginoev S. T. , Kondratiev D. А. , Zenkov A. A. , Magomedov G. M. , Rashidova T. K. , Abdurakhmanov A. A. , Chernov I. I. , Tarasov D. G.
Published: September 2022

The Ross procedure was first proposed by Donald Ross in 1967. Numerous studies show excellent long-term outcomes of the Ross operation. One of its disadvantages is the intervention on two valves due to pulmonary homograft dysfunction.

Aim.  To study long-term outcomes of pulmonary homograft use after Ross operation (cumulative incidence of pulmonary homograft dysfunction, freedom from reoperation on pulmonary homograft, long-term survival, predictors of pulmonary homograft dysfunction) using data from one Russian center.

Material  and  methods. A retrospective study included patients aged 18 years and older with aortic valve disease who underwent Ross procedure from April 2009 to December 2020 by a single surgeon. The age of the patients was 35 (26-44) years (men, 159 (75%)). Infective endocarditis as a cause of aortic valve pathology was diagnosed in 55 (26%) patients. Bicuspid aortic valve was diagnosed in 131 (62%) patients. The median follow-up period was 79 (26,5102,7) months.

Results. Combined interventions were performed in 40 cases (18,9%). The modified Ross procedure was used in 54 (25,5%) cases (intra-aortic — 29, using Dacron tube graft — 25). Inhospital mortality was 0,5%. The 5- and 10-year allcause survival rates were 98,5% and 95,4%, while the 10-year cumulative pulmonary valve reoperation rate and pulmonary homograft dysfunction was 4,6% and 35,2%, respectively. The only factor affecting pulmonary homograft dysfunction was patient age ≤30 years (odds ratio =0,2 with 95% confidence interval: 0,06-0,7; p=0,02).

Conclusion. Fresh pulmonary homografts have a low incidence of dysfunction and reintervention after Ross procedure. Young age is the only independent risk factor for pulmonary homograft dysfunction.
New aspects of the influence of immunity and microbiome on heart transplant rejection
Authors: Golovkin A. S. , Kudryavtsev I. V. , Fedotov P. A. , Kalinina O. V.
Published: September 2022

Currently, heart transplantation is the key treatment for patients with end-stage heart failure. At the same time, the immunopathogenesis of chronic allograft rejection, which is a key factor in the long-term outcome, is still poorly understood, which, in turn, explains the absence of effective non-invasive methods for its detection. This review discusses up-to-date aspects of the interaction between the microbiota and immune system factors leading to inflammation and T-cell polarization, and their participation in heart transplant rejection. Special attention is paid to the role of microvesicles in immune response modulation within heart transplant rejection.
Myocardial infarction in combination with anaphylactic shock (Kounis syndrome): a case report
Authors: Gurbanova A. A. , Pereverzeva K. G. , Biryukov S. A. , Yakushin S. S.
Published: September 2022

Introduction. Allergic reactions and side effects are a common consequence of drug use and account for ~5% of all hospital admissions. The co-occurrence of ana phylactic shock and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is called Kounis synd rome (KS).

Brief description. The article analyzes the case of ceftriaxone-induced KS in a 56-year-old female patient with a history of anaphylactic shock after ampicillin therapy. The patient was treated on an outpatient basis due to an acute upper respiratory infection. The patient was diagnosed with acute bronchitis, in connection with which antibiotic therapy with azithromycin was started. Due to inefficiency the drug was canceled and ceftriaxone 1 g in 3,5 ml of 1% lidocaine solution 2 times a day was prescribed. After the first intramuscular injection, the patient developed anaphylactic shock, which was stopped by intravenous administration of prednisolone 120 mg, dexamethasone 8 mg and adrenaline hydrochloride 1,0 ml. Almost immediately, the ST segment elevation was recorded, in connection with which thrombolytic therapy with fortelyzin 15 mg was performed. Coronary angiography revealed thrombotic occlusion of the left anterior descending artery in the upper segment. Further examination verified AMI in the patient.

Discussion. This case of AMI is pathogenetically associated with anaphylactic shock. However, the available data on the state of patient coronary system and no data on the morphologic characteristics of thrombus do not make it possibelr to define a type of KS.

Conclusion. This clinical case indicates the need for a thorough allergic anamnesis collection by physicians of any specialty and prescribing medications taking it into account.
Novel and conventional echocardiographic parameters for choosing management tactics in patients with degenerative mitral valve diseases
Authors: Tereshina O. V. , Dmitiev O. V.
Published: September 2022

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is the second most common valvular heart disease in terms of prevalence and frequency of indications for cardiac surgery. Severe MR is characterized by a significant decrease in exercise tolerance and high mortality. The most common cause of organic MR is degenerative diseases. A detailed and systematic assessment of mitral valve and MR mechanisms is critical for the management of these patients, planning the type and timing of surgical intervention. Echocardiography plays a leading role among modern imaging methods in such patients. Examination of a patient with MR should include determining the pathogenesis of regurgitation, its severity and hemodynamic consequences. The aim of the review was to analyze the potential for using conventional and novel echocardiographic parameters to select the management strategy for patients with degenerative mitral regurgitation.
Improving the system of medical care and drug provision for patients with chronic heart failure in the Southern Federal District. Press release
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: September 2022

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