bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SINIF ÖĞRETMENİ ADAYLARININ OKUMA VE YAZMA BECERİSİNE İLİŞKİN METAFORİK ALGILARI
Authors: ÇETİNKAYA ÖZDEMİR Ezgi , KAYA Bengisu
Published: August 2021

Bireylerin diğer bireylerle iletişim kurabilmeleri ve birbirlerini anlayabilmeleri için dil becerilerini kullanmaları gerekmektedir. Bu dil becerileri; dinleme, konuşma, okuma ve yazmadır. Okuma ve yazma becerisi ilkokulda gerçekleştirilen eğitimle başlayan ve hayat boyu kullanılan iki önemli beceridir. İlkokul döneminde öğrencilere bu eğitimi verecek olan sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının okuma ve yazma becerisine yönelik düşünceleri önemlidir. Gerçekleştirilen çalışmanın amacı, sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının okuma ve yazma becerisine ilişkin metaforik algılarını belirlemektir. Araştırma, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan olgu bilim deseninde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma grubu, 2018-2019 eğitim-öğretim yılı bahar döneminde Kafkas Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Sınıf Eğitimi Bölümünde okuyan 1.,2.,3. ve 4. sınıf öğretmen adaylarıdır. Araştırmada elde edilen verilerin analizi, metafor analiziyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Verilerin analiz edilmesi sonucunda okuma ve yazma becerisiyle ilgili 4 kategori ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu kategoriler “Bilişsel Katkı”, “Kişisel ve Mesleki Gelişime Katkı”, “Duyuşsal Katkı” ve “Entelektüel Beceri Gelişimine Katkı”dır. Elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda öğretmen adaylarının okuma ve yazmaya ilişkin metaforik algılarının genel olarak olumlu olduğu görülmektedir. Metaforu zihinsel bir dışavurum olarak kabul etmiş olursak öğretmen adaylarının olumlu tutumlarından yararlanarak onların okuma ve yazma becerisinin geliştirilmesi için farklı uygulama ve etkinlikler gerçekleştirilebilir. Ayrıca yapılan çalışma ve benzer çalışmalarda yazma becerisine yönelik sunulan olumsuz metaforların nedenleri üzerine inceleme yapıp bu durumun ortadan kaldırılmasına yönelik tasarımlar gerçekleştirilebilir.
ERGENLERİN KİMLİK GELİŞİMİ İLE AKADEMİK GÜDÜLENME/ UMUDUN İLİŞKİSİNDE PSİKOLOJİK İHTİYAÇLARIN ARACI ROLÜ
Authors: PALA Goncagül , KEKLİK İbrahim , DEMİRBAŞ ÇELİK Nur
Published: August 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı ergenlerdeki kimlik gelişimi ile akademik motivasyon ve umut düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkilerinde temel psikolojik ihtiyaçların aracı rolünü belirlemektir. Katılımcılar, sosyokültürel yapısı oldukça geniş olan bir şehrin en büyük ilçesindeki farklı lise türlerine devam eden 480 lise öğrencisinden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmanın amacına uygun olarak Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Kimlik Gelişiminin Boyutları Ölçeği, Akademik Güdülenme Ölçeği, Temel Psikolojik Gereksinimlerinin Doyumu Ölçeği – Lise Formu ve Sürekli Umut Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Her bir temel psikolojik ihtiyaç ayrı ayrı aracı değişken olarak incelendiği için farklı yapısal eşitlik modeli oluşturulmuştur. Bulgulara göre, kimlik gelişiminin içsel yatırımda bulunma boyutu dışındaki diğer boyutlar ile akademik güdülenmenin ve umut arasındaki ilişkiye özerkliğin ve yeterliğin aracılık ettiği görülmüştür. Kimlik gelişiminin seçeneklerin saplantılı araştırılması ve seçeneklerin derinlemesine araştırılmasından akademik güdülenme ve umut arasındaki ilişkiye ilişkisellik doyumunun aracılık ettiği söylenebilir.
TUBERCULOSIS VACCINES:CURRENT STATE AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
Authors:   Pneumology –“Dr. Victor Babes” Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital Bucharest, Nicolaescu Olimpia
Published: August 2021

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infects nearly 2 billion people worldwide, with around 9 million new cases and 1.5 million deaths from tuberculosis (TB) each year. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the only other infectious disease responsible for more deaths each year than Mtb. A strategy that combines faster methods of diagnosis and more efficient drug therapy and prevention (including new vaccines) is the only way to decrease TB morbidity and mortality. So far, vaccine Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is the only vaccine available against TB. Despite its proven effectiveness on reducing the incidence of meningitis and disseminated TB in children, he has a limited action against pulmonary forms in adolescents and adults and its use is unsafe in immunocompromised patients. The development of new vaccines has increased in the last 20 years, with more than 10 candidates in various stages of clinical trials. It is necessary to initiate new research directions, both to improve existing vaccines and to discover new ones.
HEMIBALISM APĂRUT LA UN PACIENT DIAGNOSTICAT CU SINDROMUL IMUNODEFICIENŢEI UMANE DOBÂNDITE ŞI TOXOPLASMOZĂ
Authors:   Spitalul Clinic de Boli Infecţioase, Constanţa, Cambrea S.C. ,   Clinica de Boli Infecţioase, Facultatea de Medicina Generală,  Universitatea „Ovidius“, Constanţa, Pascu C. ,   Clinica de Neurologie, Facultatea de Medicina Generală, Universitatea „Ovidius“, Constanţa, Rugină S. ,   Spitalul Clinic de Boli Infecţioase, Constanţa,   Clinica de Boli Infecţioase, Facultatea de Medicina Generală,  Universitatea „Ovidius“, Constanţa
Published: August 2021

Apariţia tulburărilor de mişcare de tip hemicoree-hemibalism la pacienţii diagnosticaţi cu toxoplasmoză cerebrală, este una neobişnuită. Unele studii raportează frecvenţa acestor tulburări de mişcare pe locul doi, după parkinsonism (1). Vom prezenta cazul unei paciente în vârstă de 28 de ani, cu toxoplasmoză recidivantă, manifestată clinic sub forma hemibalismului la nivelul membrelor drepte. În ciuda tratamentului instituit, s-a obţinut doar o ameliorare a tulburării de mişcare.
IMAGINI HIDROAERICE PULMONARE MULTIPLE – CAPCANE DE DIAGNOSTIC, PREZENTARE CAZURI CLINICE
Authors:   Spitalul Clinic de boli infecţioase şi tropicale „Dr. Victor Babeş“, Bucureşti, Dobre Simona-Ştefania ,   Universitatea de Medicina şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Florescu Simin-Aysel ,   Spitalul Clinic de boli infecţioase şi tropicale „Dr. Victor Babeş“, Bucureşti,   Universitatea de Medicina şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Calistru Petre Iacob ,   Spitalul Clinic de boli infecţioase şi tropicale „Dr. Victor Babeş“, Bucureşti,   Universitatea de Medicina şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Nica Maria ,   Spitalul Clinic de boli infecţioase şi tropicale „Dr. Victor Babeş“, Bucureşti,   Universitatea de Medicina şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Kosa Alma ,   Spitalul Clinic de boli infecţioase şi tropicale „Dr. Victor Babeş“, Bucureşti
Published: August 2021

Leziunile cavitare pulmonare pun probleme complexe de diagnostic diferenţial, spectrul etiologic incluzând: – Infecţii necrotizante (pneumonii, tuberculoză pulmonară, abcese cu paraziţi şi fungi) sau – Afecţiuni noninfecţioase (neoplasm pulmonar necrozat, infarct pulmonar infectat, vasculite, colagenoze cu cavităţi pulmonare prin mecanism imunologic, aspiraţie de corp străin intrabronşic, malformaţii congenitale pulmonare, pneumoconioze excavate etc). Prezentăm trei cazuri clinice cu imagini radiologice similare, respectiv multiple formaţiuni cavitare pulmonare, dar cu diagnostic şi etiologii diferite: sepsis cu Staphilococcus aureus MRSA, echinococoza cu localizări multiple şi tuberculoză pulmonară secundară, formă cazeos-cavitară. În toate cele trei cazuri, radiografia pulmonară standard a fost investigaţia de bază în diagnosticul afecţiunii pulmonare, însă diagnosticul de certitudine a necesitat efectuarea şi altor metode de investigaţie.
MULTIPLE CAVITARY LUNG LESIONS WITH AIR-FLUID LEVEL – CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS TRAPS – CASES PRESENTATION
Authors:   Hospital for Infectious and Tropical Diseases „Dr. Victor Babes“, Bucharest, Dobre Simona-Stefania ,   University of Medicine and Pharmacy „Carol Davila“, Bucharest, Florescu Simin-Aysen ,   Hospital for Infectious and Tropical Diseases „Dr. Victor Babes“, Bucharest,   University of Medicine and Pharmacy „Carol Davila“, Bucharest, Calistru Petre Iacob ,   Hospital for Infectious and Tropical Diseases „Dr. Victor Babes“, Bucharest,   University of Medicine and Pharmacy „Carol Davila“, Bucharest, Nica Maria ,   Hospital for Infectious and Tropical Diseases „Dr. Victor Babes“, Bucharest,   University of Medicine and Pharmacy „Carol Davila“, Bucharest, Kosa Alma ,   Hospital for Infectious and Tropical Diseases „Dr. Victor Babes“, Bucharest
Published: August 2021

Cavitary lung lesions may pose complex problems in terms of differential diagnosis as their etiological spectrum includes: – Necrotizing infections (pneumonia, pulmonary tuberculosis, fungi and parasites abscesses) – Non-infectious diseases: (lung cancer with necrosis, infected cavitating pulmonary infarction, vasculitides, collagenoses with lung cavity by immunological mechanism, the suction of a foreign body intrabronchially, congenital lung malformations, pneumoconiosis excavated etc). We present three clinical cases with similar radiological images or multiple formations lung cavity fluid level but with different diagnoses and etiologies: Staphylococcus aureus strain MRSA sepsis, echinococcosis with multiple sites and pulmonary tuberculosis secondary caseous-cavitary form. Selected all three cases, standard chest radiography was the basic investigation lung disease diagnosis, but accurate diagnosis requires performing other investigative methods.
PEGINTERFERON-ALPHA 2A RELATED PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY: A CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Authors:   Clinic of Neurology, “Colentina” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Ghergu Amalia , Oprisan Alexandra ,   Clinic of Neurology, “Colentina” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest,   Department of Neuroscience, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Mitu Cristina ,   Clinic of Neurology, “Colentina” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Popescu Sorana ,   Clinic of Neurology, “Colentina” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Morari Oana ,   Clinic of Neurology, “Colentina” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest
Published: August 2021

We report the case of a 46-year old female with chronic hepatitis C virus infection who developed paresthesia and weakness of face and upper and lower extremities nine months after administration of peginterferon-alpha 2a. Considering her clinical evolution, neurological examination and nerve conduction studies, she was diagnosed with multifocal motor neuropathy related to peginterferon-alpha treatment. The patient recovered after use of intravenous immunoglobulins. From our knowledge there is no data in the literature about multifocal motor neuropathy related to peginterferon-alpha treatment. Doctors should be aware of this rare association, which requires immediate drug discontinuation and early management.
ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF A PATIENT WITH PARANEOPLASTIC DERMATOMYOSITIS
Authors:   Neurology Clinic, “Fundeni” Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Lupescu Ioan-Cristian , Dulamea Adriana Octaviana ,   Neurology Clinic, “Fundeni” Clinical Institute, Bucharest,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest
Published: August 2021

Dermatomyositis (DM) is an idiopathic inflammatory myopathy, that can be associated with malignancy. We report the case of a 60-years-old woman, diagnosed and treated for left breast cancer, with residual neoplasm following treatment, who was admitted for generalized myalgias and tetraparesis with predominance of paraparesis. Clinical exam revealed heliotrope rash with bilateral palpebral edema and an erythematous eruption on both thighs and anterior thorax. Motor deficits were predominantly proximal. Paraclinical evaluation excluded other etiologies and revealed elevated serum muscle enzymes and electromyographic pattern of myopathy. An MRI was performed and showed diffuse edematous infiltration of skeletal muscles. Symptoms diminished under corticotherapy, intravenous immunoglobulins and cyclophosphamide. Left mastectomy was eventually performed, but DM symptoms reappeared a few months later. Despite extensive search, no recurrence of tumor was found. However, under treatment, the patient once again recovered, and later resumed her activity.
By his words alone: the economic consequences of Rodrigo Duterte
Authors: Balderas Elain Brianne , Bernardo Alyanna Maria Belen
Published: August 2021

Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte has gained worldwide notoriety for his foul-mouthed statements, particularly for his threats directed towards the nation’s largest businesses and their powerful owners. Such pronouncements, which may be mistaken for shifts in government policy, may inadvertently provoke the business sector to react negatively. This paper examines whether President Duterte's negative business-related pronouncements have an appreciable effect on the Philippine Stock Exchange Index (PSEi). We apply an interrupted time series model on PSEi data for the period June 30, 2016 until December 31, 2019 to determine Duterte’s impact on stock prices under six different intervention scenarios. Specifically, we test different classifications of business pronouncements— initial business pronouncements, anti-oligarch statements, personal attacks, and combinations of the three. The results show a significant relationship between Duterte’s negative business-related pronouncements on the PSEi closing price, with the biggest changes occurring during the first times he brought up a particular issue or addressed a certain personality. We aggregated the losses for the period 2018-2019 resulting from these pronouncements. For the five pronouncements, we estimate the combined losses to rise from ₱1 million on the day they were made to ₱47 million within five days and, as the market continues to adjust, up to ₱441 million within ten days.
FACTORS DETERMINING THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS
Authors: Neverauskienė Laima Okunevičiūtė , Novikova Marta , Kazlauskienė Eglė
Published: August 2021

Purpose – foreign and Lithuanian researchers analyse the benefits of ITS (Intelligent transport systems) application and development opportunities in various aspects. Due to the rapid development of technology, most authors emphasise the need for new or at least repeated research on intelligent transport systems ITS. The aim of this article is to evaluate the factors determining the development of ITS after theoretical substantiation.
Research methodology – the primary data was collected from the following databases: Eurostat, OECD, World Bank. This study uses the analysis of scientific literature, expert survey, multicriteria assessment (SAW and COPRAS methods).
Findings – the results of this article indicate which factors determine the development of ITS the most: investments, the aim to increase road safety, well-developed infrastructure. It also identifies which of the chosen for analaysis countries has the greatest potential for developing of ITS – Germany.
Research limitations – firstly, due to the lack of statistics only eight countries are included and the period of analysis is only two years. Another limitation is that experts from only two countries completed the survey.
Practical implications – research on the development of ITS is carried out in order to analyse the country that has the biggest opportunity to develop ITS and the factors affecting the mentioned development. The results can be beneficial for ministries of transport in different countries for planning the application of ITS.
Originality/Value – current study contributes to the existing literature by examining the specific factors affecting the development of ITS that were not analysed earlier. This article differs from others as includes some Northern ,Western European and Baltic countries. Findings can be used by government in planning the installation of ITS to get the maximum benefit from it.
Directly Determined Properties of HD 97658 from Interferometric Observations
Authors: Ellis Tyler G. , Boyajian Tabetha , von Braun Kaspar , Ligi Roxanne , Mourard Denis , Dragomir Diana , Schaefer Gail H. , Farrington Christopher D.
Published: August 2021

We conducted interferometric observations with the CHARA Array of transiting super-Earth host HD 97658 and measured its limb-darkened angular diameter to be θ
LD = 0.314 ± 0.004 mas. The combination of the angular diameter with the Gaia EDR3 parallax value with zero-point correction (π = 46.412 ± 0.022 mas, d =21.546 ± 0.011 pc) yields a physical radius of R
⋆ = 0.728 ± 0.008 R
⊙. We also measured the bolometric flux of the star to be F
bol = 2.42 ± 0.05 × 10−8 erg s−1 cm−2, which, together with angular size, allows a measurement of the effective temperature T
eff = 5212 ± 43 K. Our directly determined physical stellar properties are in good agreement with previous estimates derived from spectroscopy. We used our measurements in combination with stellar evolutionary models and properties of the transit of HD 97658 b to determine the mass and age of HD 97658 as well as constrain the properties of the planet. Our results and our analysis of the TESS light curve on the planet (TOI-1821) corroborate previous studies of this system with tighter uncertainties.
Assessing the Role of Interchange Reconnection in Forming Switchbacks
Authors: Liang H. , Zank G. P. , Nakanotani M. , Zhao L.-L.
Published: August 2021

Abrupt deflections of the magnetic field in the solar wind, so called “switchbacks,” are frequently observed by the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) during its first two orbits and are believed to play an important role in unveiling the nature of solar corona heating and solar wind acceleration in the inner heliosphere. Many attempts were made recently to understand the nature of switchbacks. However, the origin, propagation, and evolution of switchbacks are still under debate. In this study, we attempt to use the linear theory of Zank et al. to interpret the switchback observations. We select 96 simple one-humped switchback events during the first encounter of PSP and use a Markov Chain Monte Carlo technique to fit the observed magnetic field and plasma variables with the model predictions for each event. The chi-squared goodness-of-fit test is used to evaluate the fittings. We find that about 47.9% and 42.7% of the events are accepted as good fits below the 95% and 90% critical values, respectively. This statistical study validates the reliability of the linear theory of Zank et al. for a significant number of switchback events. The statistical analysis provides the most probable initial conditions for switchbacks generated by interchange reconnection, which provides insight into the environment at which interchange reconnection was occurring.
A Systematic Study of the Frequency Evolution Behavior of Pulsar Pulse Profiles
Authors: Xu X. , Shang L. H. , Zhi Q. J. , Qiao G. J. , Dang S. J. , Bai J. T. , Zhao R. S. , Lu J. G. , Dong A. J. , Lin Q. W. , Zhang D. D. , Yang H.
Published: August 2021

The frequency evolution behavior of radio pulse profiles is an important clue for the radiation mechanism of a pulsar. Combined with the latest results of the European Pulsar Network and the Australia Telescope National Facility data, we systematically study the evolution of W
50 (the full width of the pulse profile at 50% of the pulsar amplitude) for 74 pulsars with frequencies from tens to thousands of megahertz. We find that 71 pulsars show “absorption” features, which indicates that the absorption is an universal phenomenon in the pulsar population and independent of the type of pulsar profile. It is found that for most pulsars, the absorption features appear in the frequency range of 100–800 MHz, and the evolution trend of W
50 at frequencies less than ∼100 MHz and larger than ∼800 MHz can be described as a power-law function.We quantify the absorption intensity and analyze the correlation between the absorption intensity and the pulsar parameters (such as the spin period, magnetic field, and age of the pulsar). It is found that there is no direct correlation between them. Our results will provide good samples and clues for the study of the physical mechanism of the absorption phenomenon.
A Universal Cloud Composition on the Nightsides of Hot Jupiters
Authors: Gao Peter , Powell Diana
Published: August 2021

The day and nightside temperatures of hot Jupiters are diagnostics of heat transport processes in their atmospheres. Recent observations have shown that the nightsides of hot Jupiters are a nearly constant 1100 K for a wide range of equilibrium temperatures (T
eq), lower than those predicted by 3D global circulation models. Here we investigate the impact of nightside clouds on the observed nightside temperatures of hot Jupiters using an aerosol microphysics model. We find that silicates dominate the cloud composition, forming an optically thick cloud deck on the nightsides of all hot Jupiters with T
eq ≤ 2100 K. The observed nightside temperature is thus controlled by the optical depth profile of the silicate cloud with respect to the temperature–pressure profile. As nightside temperatures increase with T
eq, the silicate cloud is pushed upward, forcing observations to probe cooler altitudes. The cloud vertical extent remains fairly constant due to competing impacts of increasing vertical mixing strength with T
eq and higher rates of sedimentation at higher altitudes. These effects, combined with the intrinsically subtle increase of the nightside temperature with T
eq due to decreasing radiative timescale at higher instellation levels, lead to low, constant nightside photospheric temperatures consistent with observations. Our results suggest a drastic reduction in the day–night temperature contrast when nightside clouds dissipate, with the nightside emission spectra transitioning from featureless to feature-rich. We also predict that cloud absorption features in the nightside emission spectra of hot Jupiters should reach ≥100 ppm, potentially observable with the James Webb Space Telescope.
The Missing Link? Discovery of Pulsations in the Nitrogen-rich PG 1159 Star PG 1144+005
Authors: Sowicka Paulina , Handler Gerald , Jones David , van Wyk Francois
Published: August 2021

Up to 98% of all single stars will eventually become white dwarfs—stars that link the history and future evolution of the Galaxy, and whose previous evolution is engraved in their interiors. Those interiors can be studied using asteroseismology, utilizing stellar pulsations as seismic waves. The pulsational instability strips of DA and DB white dwarf stars are pure, allowing for the important generalization that their interior structure represents that of all DA and DB white dwarfs. This is not the case for the hottest pulsating white dwarfs, the GW Vir stars: only about 50% of white dwarfs in this domain pulsate. Several explanations for the impurity of the GW Vir instability strip have been proposed, based on different elemental abundances, metallicity, and helium content. Surprisingly, there is a dichotomy that only stars rich in nitrogen, which by itself cannot cause pulsation driving, pulsate—the only previous exception being the nitrogen-rich nonpulsator PG 1144+005. Here, we report the discovery of pulsations in PG 1144+005 based on new observations. We identified four frequency regions: 40, 55, 97, and 112 day−1 with low and variable amplitudes of about 3–6 mmag and therefore confirm the nitrogen dichotomy. As nitrogen is a trace element revealing the previous occurrence of a very late thermal pulse (VLTP) in hot white dwarf stars, we speculate that it is this VLTP that provides the interior structure required to make a GW Vir pulsator.
Two new species of Neopestalotiopsis from southern China
Authors: Yang Qi , Zeng Xiang-Yu , Yuan Jun , Zhang Qian , He Yu-Ke , Wang Yong
Published: August 2021

Pestalotiopsis-like fungi are widely distributed in many plants and include endophytes, pathogens and saprobes. Five strains of Neopestalotiopsis were isolated from diseased leaves of Rhapis excelsa (Principes, Palmae), Rhododendron simsii and Rho. championiae (Ericales, Ericaceae) and Erythropalum scandens (Santalales, Olacaceae) in southern China.

Based on morphology and multi-gene (ITS, tub2, tef1) phylogeny, our five strains of Neopestalotiopsis represent two new species and one extant species. Descriptions, illustrations and notes are also provided for the new species.
Rugitermes ursulae (Isoptera, Kalotermitidae), a new drywood termite from the Caribbean coast of Colombia
Authors: Casalla Robin , Scheffrahn Rudolf H. , Korb Judith
Published: August 2021

Rugitermes ursulaesp. nov. is described from a sample collected inside a dead branch in a tropical dry forest of Colombia’s Caribbean coast using molecular information and external morphological characters of the imago and soldier castes. Rugitermes ursulaesp. nov. soldiers and imagoes are the smallest among all described Rugitermes species. The imago’s head capsule coloration is dark castaneous, while the pronotum is contrastingly pale yellow. Our description includes soldier characters, such as subflangular elevation and shape of the antennal sockets, that can help in identification of samples lacking imagoes.
Environnement de taux bas et rentabilité des banques en zone euro
Authors: Leroy Aurélien , Lucotte Yannick
Published: August 2021

La politique monétaire conduite par la Banque centrale européenne (BCE) depuis une décennie et les évolutions démographiques et structurelles de nos sociétés ont conduit les économies de la zone euro vers un environnement de taux d’intérêt durablement faibles. Si ce dernier a permis d’éviter la déflation, il est aussi source d’inquiétude pour le secteur bancaire. Toutefois, même si l’aplatissement marqué de la courbe des taux d’intérêt a pu fortement compresser la marge d’intermédiation de certaines banques commerciales en zone euro, la baisse de la marge d’intérêt observée en France au cours des dernières années apparaît relativement contenue. De plus, l’effet des taux bas sur la rentabilité est plus qu’incertain. En effet, des taux bas vont affecter de manière asymétrique les principales composantes de la rentabilité des banques. En particulier, on peut s’attendre à ce que l’amélioration des conditions macroéconomiques et la baisse des provisions pour pertes sur prêts viennent compenser la contraction des revenus d’intérêt. L’exercice empirique réalisé dans cet article sur un échantillon de grandes banques cotées de la zone euro montre que l’assouplissement de la politique monétaire a eu un effet positif sur la rentabilité économique des établissements bancaires. Classification JEL : B26, E50, E51, G01, G21, G23, G28
Les banques de développement : un rôle clé entre urgence pandémique et transition écologique
Authors: Espagne Étienne
Published: August 2021

Les banques de développement se sont révélées des acteurs incontournables face à la crise pandémique. Elles ont été aussi parmi les premiers acteurs financiers à se transformer ces dernières années pour faire face aux nécessités de la reconstruction écologique. Cette capacité d’adaptation et d’innovation face aux évolutions des modèles de développement s’ancre dans une histoire longue qui dépasse largement le cadre rhétorique des imperfections de marché. Elle s’appuie aussi sur les dynamiques existantes de l’architecture financière globale en même temps qu’elle contribue à les façonner. À l’image de la proposition actuelle de Liquidity and Sustainability Facility , les banques de développement pourraient contribuer à réorienter les flux d’investissements privés en subventionnant les risques perçus ou réels des projets écologiques et sociaux à financer. Cette stratégie pourrait néanmoins accentuer les biais procycliques de ces financements sans nécessairement garantir leur caractère écologique. Dans le cadre des projets de green deals , elles pourraient aussi soutenir directement les secteurs économiques et sociaux d’intérêt général en répondant à une demande formulée localement et démocratiquement. In fine , les formes d’intervention futures des banques de développement se façonnent dans les réponses immédiates apportées à la crise pandémique. Classification JEL : F43, G21, N20, O19, Q56
Chapitre 2. L’intelligibilité des algorithmes dans les systèmes d’aide à la décision médicale
Authors: Bernelin Margo , Desmoulin-Canselier Sonia
Published: August 2021

Grâce aux progrès de l’informatique et à la collecte systématique d’informations sur les patients, de nouveaux outils médicaux ont été développés. Certains servent à guider le médecin dans sa décision, d’autres peuvent prendre automatiquement des décisions. Appelés « systèmes experts » ou « systèmes d’aide à la décision », ils peuvent participer au diagnostic, au pronostic ou au soin. Ils fonctionnent tous au moyen d’algorithmes traitant les données. Ces algorithmes sont plus ou moins complexes, plus ou moins supervisés, mais ils sont aussi très souvent opaques. Dès lors que ces outils prennent une place toujours plus grande dans le monde médical, il apparaît nécessaire de mieux informer les utilisateurs et les bénéficiaires – médecins et patients – de leurs logiques de fonctionnement, de leurs limites et de leurs éventuels biais. La présente étude suggère de renforcer le droit français et européen sur ce point. Une meilleure intelligibilité des algorithmes dans les systèmes d’aide à la décision répondrait aux exigences déontologiques en matière de décision médicale et à l’objectif de décision médicale partagée prise en conscience.
Chapitre 7. Séquencer le génome entier des patients : interrogations concernant la collecte « en routine » des méga données génétiques
Authors: Supiot Elsa
Published: August 2021

Avec les évolutions techniques considérables qu’il a connues ces dernières années, le séquençage du génome humain irrigue de manière croissante les pratiques médicales et la recherche en santé. En France, le récent plan « France médecine génomique 2025 » vise ainsi à mettre en place une filière médicale et industrielle s’appuyant sur le séquençage du génome des patients en vue de développer la médecine de précision. Si les promesses sont multiples, les interrogations le sont aussi qui, sans être intrinsèquement nouvelles pour la plupart, sont démultipliées par la puissances des techniques actuelles de séquençage et par les masses de données produites plus que jamais considérables.
La vulnérabilité comme expérience spirituelle en management
Authors: Izoard-Allaux Sophie
Published: August 2021

Au coeur d’une culture de la performance et d’un contexte mouvant, la spiritualité s’invite dans l’entreprise contemporaine et offre au regard théologique un objet nouveau. Paradoxale, cette thématique vient croiser une vision renouvelée de la vulnérabilité qui a surgi ces dernières années comme un incontournable à la réflexion éthique. Dans la dynamique managériale, ces deux dimensions inhérentes à l’humain, lorsqu’elles entrent en dialogue, ouvrent la voie à un décentrement de soi pour se recevoir des autres, au sein d’un tissu de relations toujours plus authentiquement humaines. Rempart à l’instrumentalisation spirituelle, à la toute-puissance et à l’illusion de soi, nous soutenons que leur interaction offre au dirigeant qui y consent, un levier de créativité et d’innovation sociale.
La réminiscence spirituelle comme outil pour maintenir le lien avec une personne atteinte de la maladie d’Alzheimer
Authors: Cooreman-Guittin Talitha
Published: August 2021

Les proches des personnes atteintes de maladies neuro-évolutives désinvestissent souvent la conversation avec leurs proches sous prétexte que l’échange devient impossible quand le vocabulaire vient à manquer. Pourtant, des recherches montrent le désir des personnes malades de continuer à entretenir des relations riches de sens. Cette contribution propose de creuser le concept de réminiscence spirituelle et sa pertinence possible pour le maintien de liens d’amitié significatifs avec des personnes atteintes de maladies neuro-évolutives. L’auteur esquisse les contours théoriques du concept de réminiscence et souligne les enjeux de la réminiscence spirituelle dans l’accompagnement. Elle suggère de sortir du cadre thérapeutique pour redonner à la société « civile » l’initiative de la rencontre avec les personnes malades et pointe les enjeux pour les Églises chrétiennes.
Active Learning in E-Learning Programs for Evidence-Based Nursing in Academic Settings: A Scoping Review
Authors: Song Chi Eun , Park Hyunyoung
Published: August 2021

Background:

The use of e-learning in nursing education has increased substantially. The goal of this study is to identify how active e-learning for evidence-based practice (EBP) was implemented in academic settings.

Method:

For a scoping review, literature from PubMed, CINAHL, and EMBASE was searched with keywords related to e-learning and EBP, and only articles pertaining to nursing academic settings were selected. Finally, 17 studies were included. Data on theories or instructional strategies and types and characteristics of online activities were extracted.

Results:

Of the included studies, 14 had a pedagogical background. Frequently used activities included discussions, asynchronous communications, and a combination of student-student and student-teacher interactions. Critical appraisal was the primary learning content.

Conclusion:

This study summarizes evidence on active learning to enhance the EBP competency of nursing students through e-learning. To make EBP e-learning more meaningful, educators should plan, apply, and evaluate appropriate online activities.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2021;52(9):407–412.]
Effectiveness of Family- and Individual-Led Peer Support for People With Serious Mental Illness: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Yi , Chen Ying , Deng Hong
Published: August 2021

Peer support has received increasing attention in the field of mental rehabilitation for serious mental illness (SMI), but meta-analyses are rare, especially in terms of family-led peer support. The current meta-analysis was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Medline databases, and manual retrieval was performed. Randomized controlled trials of peer support interventions were included. Subgroup meta-analyses were performed separately for family-led and individual-led peer support. A total of 28 articles (five on family-led peer support and 23 on individual-led peer support) were included. For family-led peer support, there were no significant differences between intervention and control groups in family functioning or burden, and there seemed to be positive effects on use of health services, patient functioning, psychotic symptoms, rehospitalization, and duration. Individual-led peer support may have positive effects on well-being, medication adherence, finances, and loneliness; however, it seemed to be less effective in terms of self-efficacy, quality of life, recovery, hope, and activation. There were no significant differences between peer support groups and control groups in social support, functioning, psychotic symptom improvement, self-esteem, alcohol use, drug use, legal charges, building relationships, empowerment, satisfaction, and use of health care. Peer support, whether it is individual-led or family-led, can be further developed for rehabilitation of individuals with SMI. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 60
(2), 20–26.]
A new approach to persistence and periodicity of logistic systems with jumps
Authors: Zhao Kegang ,   School of physical education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
Published: August 2021

This paper considers a class of logistic type differential system with jumps. Based on discontinuous control theory, a new approach is developed to guarantee the persistence and existence of a unique globally attractive positive periodic solution. The development results of this paper emphasize the effects of jumps on system, which are different from the existing ones in the literature. Two examples and their simulations are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed results.
Machine Learning Methods for Detecting Internet-of-Things (IoT) Malware
Authors: Yaokumah Winfred , Appati Justice Kwame , Kumah Daniel
Published: August 2021

This study aims to analyze the performance of machine learning models for detecting Internet of Things malware utilizing a recent IoT dataset. Experiments on the IoT dataset were conducted with nine well-known machine learning techniques, consisting of Logistic Regression (LR), Naive Bayes (NB), Decision Tree (DT), k-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Support Vector Machines (SVM), Neural Networks (NN), Random Forest (RF), Bagging (BG), and Stacking (ST). The results show that the proposed model attains 100% accuracy in detecting IoT malware for DT, SVM, RF, BG; about 99.9% percent for LR, NB, KNN, NN; and only 28.16% for ST classifier. This study also shows higher performance than other proposed machine learning models evaluated on the same dataset. Therefore, the results of this study can help both the researchers and application developers in designing and building intelligent malware detection systems for IoT devices.
Identifying Factors of Indian Health System and Their Influence for Providing Good Customer Care
Authors: Sood Meenakshi , Aggarwal Arun , Gupta Sahil , Rastogi Sanjay
Published: August 2021

Customer relationship management is important for any service industry as a satisfied customer is likely to remain loyal, spread publicity thereby ensuring profits to the organizations. Healthcare is an important and fast-growing service industry in which patient is the customer and maintaining good relationship with them is highly profitable. Good customer relationship comes from an understanding of patients’ expectations and what factors lead to patient satisfaction. WHO in its report in 2000 introduced the Concept-Responsiveness, which deals with ‘meeting the universal, legitimate expectations of the patients. This study identifies factors related to patients’ expectations, satisfaction and hence good customer relations in Indian health system. Structural equation modelling was used to measure the influence of the factors suggested. The results show significant influence of patient’s expectations on customer relationship.
Hybridizing Convolutional Neural Network for Classification of Lung Diseases
Authors: Soni Mukesh , Gomathi S. , Kumar Pankaj , Churi Prathamesh P. , Mohammed Mazin Abed , Salman Akbal Omran
Published: August 2021

Pulmonary disease is widespread worldwide. There is persistent blockage of the lungs, pneumonia, asthma, TB, etc. It is essential to diagnose the lungs promptly. For this reason, machine learning models were developed. For lung disease prediction, many deep learning technologies, including the CNN, and the capsule network, are used. The fundamental CNN has low rotating, inclined, or other irregular image orientation efficiency. Therefore by integrating the space transformer network (STN) with CNN, we propose a new hybrid deep learning architecture named STNCNN. The new model is implemented on the dataset from the Kaggle repository for an NIH chest X-ray image. STNCNN has an accuracy of 69% in respect of the entire dataset, while the accuracy values of vanilla grey, vanilla RGB, hybrid CNN are 67.8%, 69.5%, and 63.8%, respectively. When the sample data set is applied, STNCNN takes much less time to train at the cost of a slightly less reliable validation. Therefore both specialists and physicians are simplified by the proposed STNCNN System for the diagnosis of lung disease.
Towards Design of an Efficient Sensing Data Acquisition Scheme for UAVs-Assisted Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Chawra Vrajesh Kumar , Gupta Govind P.
Published: August 2021

This paper investigates sensing data acquisition issues from large-scale hazardous environments using UAVs-assisted WSNs. Most of the existing schemes suffer from low scalability, high latency, low throughput, and low service time of the deployed network. To overcome these issues, we considered a clustered WSN architecture in which multiple UAVs are dispatched with assigned path knowledge for sensing data acquisition from each cluster heads (CHs) of the network. This paper first presents a non-cooperative Game Theory (GT)-based CHs selection algorithm and load balanced cluster formation scheme. Next, to provide timely delivery of sensing information using UAVs, hybrid meta-heuristic based optimal path planning algorithm is proposed by combing the best features of Dolphin Echolocation and Crow Search meta-heuristic techniques. In this research work, a novel objective function is formulated for both load-balanced CHs selection and for optimal the path planning problem. Results analyses demonstrate that the proposed scheme significantly performs better than the state-of-art schemes.
The Issue of Authenticity in Reconstruction of Wooden Building as an Interpretation of the Historical Site - Case Studies of Log Cabins from Tennessee State, USA
Authors: Tomaszek Tomasz
Published: August 2021

The paper critically discusses the issue of reconstruction of a historic wooden structure carried out as part of the process of protection and interpretation of a place of special historical importance. The problem is presented on the example of historic log cabins located in the Tennessee state in the USA. These are the following architectural objects: the Cabin at the Meriwether Lewis Monument, the architectural complex in Wynnewood and The Historic Sam Davis Home and Plantation. The presented case studies contribute to the analysis of the horizon of authenticity both the reconstructed architectural structures and the historical sites in which they are located.
Comparison of Fire Resistance Testing Methods for Structures with Timber Elements
Authors: Žajdlík Tomáš , Šuhajda Karel
Published: August 2021

Wood is a natural anisotropic material that is used in building construction because of the advantageous properties of wood. Speed of construction and the final price of the building represent the main advantages of timber houses. On the other hand, the main disadvantage of these buildings can be the low fire resistance due to the flammable properties of natural wood. There are many limitations for designing these kinds of buildings in the Czech Republic. The limitations are presented in the standards and laws of the CR. This article focuses on the comparison of the methods for testing structures using timber construction elements. The paper presents and compares experimental testing results of a timber structure’s fire resistance in a combustion chamber.
Standard Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Cryopreservation Selectively Decreases Detection of Nine Clinically Relevant T Cell Markers
Authors: Capelle Christophe M , Ciré Séverine , Ammerlaan Wim , Konstantinou Maria , Balling Rudi , Betsou Fay , Cosma Antonio , Ollert Markus , Hefeng Feng Q
Published: August 2021

Biobanking is an operational component of various epidemiological studies and clinical trials. Although peripheral blood is routinely acquired and stored in biobanks, the effects of specimen processing on cell composition and clinically relevant functional markers of T cells still require a systematic evaluation. In this study, we assessed 25 relevant T cell markers in human PBMCs and showed that the detection of nine membrane markers (e.g., PD-1, CTLA4, KLRG1, CD25, CD122, CD127, CCR7, and others reflecting exhaustion, senescence, and other functions) was reduced among at least one T cell subset following standard processing, although the frequency of CD4, CD8, and regulatory T cells was unaffected. Nevertheless, a 6-mo-long cryopreservation did not impair the percentages of cells expressing many other membrane and all the eight tested intracellular lineage or functional T cell markers. Our findings uncover that several clinically relevant markers are particularly affected by processing and the interpretation of those results in clinical trials and translational research should be done with caution.
Potential role of hydrogen sulfide in central nervous system tumors
Authors: Peng Wei , Zhang Meng-Ling , Zhang Jian , Chen Gang
Published: August 2021

Central nervous system tumors are classified as diseases of special clinical significance with high disability and high mortality. In addition to cerebrovascular diseases and craniocerebral injuries, tumors are the most common diseases of the central nervous system. Hydrogen sulfide, the third endogenous gas signaling molecule discovered in humans besides nitric oxide and carbon monoxide, plays an important role in the pathophysiology of human diseases. It is reported that hydrogen sulfide not only exerts a wide range of biological effects, but also develops a certain relationship with tumor development and neovascularization. A variety of studies have shown that hydrogen sulfide acts as a vasodilator and angiogenetic factor to facilitate growth, proliferation, migration and invasion of cancer cells. In this review, the pathological mechanisms and the effect of hydrogen sulfide on the central nervous system tumors are introduced.
Management of adrenal insufficiency: A survey of perceptions and practices of physicians from the Middle East and North Africa
Authors: Beshyah Salem , Ali Khawla
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Treatment of adrenal insufficiency (AI) requires correct lifelong use of glucocorticoids (GCs) with early dose adjustments to cover the increased demand in stress to avoid life-threatening emergencies. Objectives: We determine the current specific knowledge of physicians in a convenience sample on the pathophysiological and clinical aspects of AI in the two regions of North Africa and the Middle East. Materials and Methods: Participants (n = 96) were invited to complete an electronic questionnaire with various possible answers on the subject of multiple-choice questions covering physiology, pharmacology, and clinical management and define respondents' professional profiles. Results: The present study suggests that in the investigated settings, physicians' knowledge of physiology and pharmacology GCs, medical replacement strategies in AI, and prevention of adrenal crisis may be insufficient. Great knowledge gaps were demonstrated. Conclusions: There is a need for continuous structured education and training on AI in both general medical and endocrine forums.
Thyroid lymphoma: Correlation of clinical, radiological, and pathological features
Authors: Shilli Yumn , Samargandy Shaza , Shilli Abdulrahman , Bakhsh Salwa , Daghistani Razan , Alkayyat Shady , Marzouki Hani
Published: August 2021

Primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) comprises 5% of all thyroid malignancies. In this case series, we aim to review its clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment. We included five PTL patients. All were females (mean age of 59.8 years). All patients presented with a rapidly growing neck swelling, and only two had obstructive symptoms. All patients had solitary masses, aside from one patient who had two lesions. All were causing mass effect and two with invasion of the surrounding tissue. All were diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Cytology examination for PTL demonstrates atypical lymphoid cells. Four patients in our series had chemotherapy and currently in remission. The fifth died early after the clinical presentation. Two had thyroid surgeries.