bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of electrophysiology in guiding near-total resection for preservation of facial nerve function in the surgical treatment of large vestibular schwannomas
Authors: Bernardeschi Daniele , Pyatigorskaya Nadya , Vanier Antoine , Bielle Franck , Smail Mustapha , Lamas Georges , Sterkers Olivier , Kalamarides Michel
Published: April 2017

OBJECTIVE

In large vestibular schwannoma (VS) surgery, the facial nerve (FN) is at high risk of injury. Near-total resection has been advocated in the case of difficult facial nerve dissection, but the amount of residual tumor that should be left and when dissection should be stopped remain controversial factors. The objective of this study was to report FN outcome and radiological results in patients undergoing near-total VS resection guided by electromyographic supramaximal stimulation of the FN at the brainstem.

METHODS

This study was a retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database. Inclusion criteria were surgical treatment of a large VS during 2014, normal preoperative FN function, and an incomplete resection due to the strong adherence of the tumor to the FN and the loss of around 50% of the response of supramaximal stimulation of the proximal FN at 2 mA. Facial nerve function and the amount and evolution of the residual tumor were evaluated by clinical examination and by MRI at a mean of 5 days postoperatively and at 1 year postoperatively.

RESULTS

Twenty-five patients met the inclusion criteria and were included in the study. Good FN function (Grade I or II) was observed in 16 (64%) and 21 (84%) of the 25 patients at Day 8 and at 1 year postoperatively, respectively. At the 1-year follow-up evaluation (n = 23), 15 patients (65%) did not show growth of the residual tumor, 6 patients (26%) had regression of the residual tumor, and only 2 patients (9%) presented with tumor progression.

CONCLUSIONS

Near-total resection guided by electrophysiology represents a safe option in cases of difficult dissection of the facial nerve from the tumor. This seems to offer a good compromise between the goals of preserving facial nerve function and achieving maximum safe resection.
Neuropsychological function after endovascular and neurosurgical treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Egeto Peter , Loch Macdonald R. , Ornstein Tisha J. , Schweizer Tom A.
Published: April 2017

OBJECTIVE

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is treated with either surgical clipping or endovascular coiling, though the latter is the preferred treatment method given its more favorable functional outcomes. However, neuropsychological functioning after treatment is rarely taken into account. In this meta-analysis, the authors synthesized relevant data from the literature and compared neuropsychological functioning in patients after coiling and clipping of SAH. They hypothesized that the coiled patients would outperform the clipped patients; that group differences would be greater with higher posterior circulation rupture rates, in older patients, and in more recent publications; that group differences would be smaller with greater rates of middle cerebral artery (MCA) rupture; and that anterior communicating artery (ACoA) rupture rates would not influence effect sizes.

METHODS

The MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO databases were searched for clinical studies that compared neuropsychological functioning after either endovascular coiling or surgical clipping for SAH. Hedge's g and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using random effects models. Patients who had undergone coiling or clipping were compared on test performance in 8 neuropsychological domains: executive functions, language, attention/processing speed, verbal memory, visual memory, spatial memory, visuospatial functions, and intelligence. Patients were also compared with healthy controls, and meta-regressions were used to explore the relation between effect sizes and publication year, delay between treatment and neuropsychological testing, mean patient age, and rates of posterior circulation, ACoA, and MCA ruptures.

RESULTS

Thirteen studies with 396 clipped cases, 314 coiled cases, and 169 healthy controls were included in the study. The coil-treated patients outperformed the clip-treated patients on executive function (g = 0.17, 95% CI 0.08–0.25) and language tests (g = 0.23, 95% CI 0.07–0.39), and all patients were impaired relative to healthy controls (g ranged from −0.93 to −0.29). Coiled patients outperformed clipped patients to a greater degree in more recent publications, over longer posttreatment testing delays, and among older patients. Higher rates of posterior circulation and MCA aneurysms were associated with smaller group differences, while ACoA rupture rates did not influence effect sizes.

CONCLUSIONS

Coiling of SAH may promote superior neuropsychological functioning under certain circumstances and could have applications for the specialized care of SAH patients.
The Role of Stress as a Risk Factor for Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
Authors: Kelley Kristen D. , Peavy Guerry , Edland Steven , Rogers Whitney , Riley David E. , Bordelon Yvette , Standaert David , Reich Stephen G. , Litvan Irene
Published: April 2017

Background: PSP, like Alzheimer’s disease (AD), is a tauopathy. The etiopathogenesis of PSP is not well known and the role of stress has not yet been examined. Recent studies have shown that stress increases the risk for developing AD. This study investigates the role of stress as a risk factor for PSP.

Objective: B To examine the association between the development of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and self-reported life stressors.

Methods: 76 patients diagnosed with PSP according to the NINDS-SPSP criteria and 68 age-matched unrelated controls were administered a life stressor questionnaire. Stress was quantified as total number of events, number of life changing events, and number of events characterized by self-rated severity. Conditional odds ratio (OR) was calculated for each measure, with participants in the highest quartile of each measure being defined as high-exposure in relation to all other participants.

Results: There were no significant differences between the reported number of total events or life-changing events in cases and controls. However, we found 24.4% of cases (N = 11) and 9.1% of controls (N = 5) had a higher exposure to high severity events, yielding an OR of 3.2 ( p = 0.04).

Conclusions: We found that cases have over a three times greater odds of high exposure to high-severity events than controls prior to the clinical development of PSP, while there were no differences in overall number of reported events. Our findings suggest that high exposure to highly stressful events may be associated with the development of PSP.
Deaf mute or Deaf
Authors: Tin Win , Lin Zaw , Swe - , Mya Nang Khin
Published: April 2017

Hearing loss is a common disorder and can be conductive, sensorineural or mixed types. It can be congenital or acquired. In pediatric population more than 50% of deafness is genetic in origin. The patients may present as Deaf, mute or hard of hearing. Literature review was carried out on the pathophysiology including genetics, clinical presentation, etiology, diagnosis and various management, using internet Google, search PubMed. Additional information was obtained by cross referencing, using text and journals in the medical libraries.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2017, 3(1): 10-19
The effect of commercial probiotics on health and production of shrimp (Penaeus monodon)
Authors: Akter Rubia , Hossain Md Rayhan , Rahman Md Motiur , Rahman BM Shahinur , Ahmed KKU
Published: April 2017

The study was carried out to explore the impact of probiotics on shrimp (Penaeus monodon) in the Shrimp Research Station ponds during the culture period of 90 days. The experiment was set in 9 on-station ponds having an area of 0.052?0.064 ha. Three treatments of the experiment were: super Ps probiotics broadcast all over the ponds mixed with clay (T1), probiotics broadca Zymetin st over the pond mixed with feed (T2) and control (without probiotics) the ponds (T3) and each treatments having 3 replicates. All Juvenile of shrimp were stocked at a density of 6.0 juv/m2 and was fed with quality feed (gold plus-grower) twice daily at the rate of 10.3% of shrimp biomass. Water quality parameters namely temperature, water depth, dissolved oxygen, pH, salinity, ammonia, nitrate, total alkalinity and transparency were within suitable range for shrimp growth without finding any stress. Growth of shrimp was measured and feed was adjusted after every fortnight. The average weight of shrimp in T1, T2 and T3 was 22.065 ±5.52, 19.87 ±4.98 and 11.01 ±0.86g, respectively. Higher growth was obtained from T1 followed by T2 and T3. Day after 90 of husbandry, all shrimp were harvested. The survivality rate of shrimp production was reckoned 80%. The production of shrimp was found 760 kg/ha in T1, 665 kg/ha in T2 and 205.19 kg/ha. in T3. So the highest production was found using super PS (T1). Food conversion ratio (FCR) of prawn was found higher (2.48) in T3 compared to T1 (1.83) and T2 (2.01). The result of the study is therefore revealed that probiotics paly a most important role in growth, survival and production of shrimp by maintaining good water quality environment throughout the culture period. It may be therefore concluded that probiotics can be utilized well the shrimp ponds to get higher growth and production keeping the congenial environment.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2017, 3(1): 88-93
Surgical management of gid disease in goat at Rangpur district of Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Md Mamunur , Sultana Salma , Hassan Md Zakir , Rahman Mohammad Mojibur
Published: April 2017

The present study was conducted to know about the management of gid disease of goat at Upazila Veterinary Hospital, Rangpur Sadar and District Veterinary Hospital from July, 2011 to December, 2011 in Rangpur district at field level. A total of 12 goats were diagnosed based on history and presenting clinical sings. Furthermore, surgery was performed - in five cases. Circling movement, keeping the head downward to the affected side were major clinical sings. In all the cases, a half moon shaped incision was given at the operative site and after trephining the skull, the cyst was removed. The disease was predominant in female (91.66%) than male (16.66%). Among female goats, the prevalence of gid in pregnant and non-pregnant were 36.36% and 63.63% respectively. Black Bengal goats were more susceptible (91.66%) to this disease. The method of operation is considered to be useful as treatment in the field level. Alternative way of treatment using anthelmintics or other drugs have studied.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2017, 3(1): 109-113
Growth and survival rate of Nandus nandus (Hamilton 1822) larvae on some selected supplemental feeds in cistern
Authors: Begum Nilufa , Pramanik Md Mehedi Hasan , Mahmud Yahia
Published: April 2017

The aim of the investigation was to determine the effect of different food on growth and survival of Nandus nandus larvae. The experiment was conducted for 20 days in twelve (12) cisterns (9× 6×2.5ft) to assess the effect of Zooplankton, Artemia, Tubifex and Brand Nursery Feed on growth and survival of N. nandus larvae in cistern condition. The growth of N. nandus larvae varied significantly (P<0.05) with live feed and artificial feed. Zooplankton treatment showed the best growth performance and Brand Nursery Feed showed the poorest. There was significant difference in final weight of larvae fed with live and artificial feed. Final weight of live feed Zooplankton was 241.79±17.25g, Artemia-210.37±20.16g, Tubifex-226.36±15.72g and Brand Nursery Feedwas195.08±15.53g respectively. Specific growth rate (%) and percentage (%) weight gain were also best in case of Zooplankton fed N. nandus larvae. Different water quality parameters were more or less same in different treatments.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2017, 3(1): 114-119
Genetic admixture and performance diversity of high yielding dairy cows surrounding the Baghabari Milk Vita areas of Bangladesh
Authors: Shahjahan Md
Published: April 2017

This study was planned to clarify the recent milk and reproductive performances of high yielding dairy crossbreds based on various genotype, parity and location beside the Baghabari Milk Vita areas of Bangladesh. Performance records were collected from total 81 crossbred cows from both 15 households in Sirajgonj and Pabna districts, and six bathan areas at Sirajgonj. Genetic admixture of various breeds identified in the studied areas showed diverse performance. Milk production not varied statistically (16.27 to 19.33 liters per day as peak) either for genotype, parity or region but differed in number of AI services for last pregnancy in L×HF×SL (1) and L×HF×JE (2.18) genotypes at household level. Average 70 days observed between the day of calving and next fertile AI service in dairy farming. The study on bathan revealed about 23 months for age at first fertile AI in high yielding dairy cows with average 1.92 AI services per cow for last conceive. Peak milk production identified in HF crossed with local than HF×SL and JE genotypes. Screening, record keeping and controlled AI or mating with specific targeted breed could increase breed uniformity and productivity of high yielding crossbreds not only in Milk Vita region but also other milk pocket areas of this country. In addition, breed composition study is required for ensuring specific breed effects on production performance to design a planned breeding for sustainable dairy breed development in Bangladesh.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2017, 3(1): 127-133
Clinico-histopathological observations of pigeons (Columba Livia) suffering from Newcastle disease in northern Bangladesh
Authors: Parvez Md Najmul Hassan , Islam Md Reazul , Akter Most Tahera Dil , Sarder Md Jalal Uddin
Published: April 2017

A survey was conducted to study clinical signs, gross and histopathological lesions in pigeons with naturally occurring Newcastle disease (ND). For this purpose, 45 pigeon farms of the Rajshahi, Natore and Pabna districts were conducted during from July 2015 to June 2016. Among these, 17(37.78%) farms showed clinical signs of Newcastle disease, including mainly greenish white mucoid diarrhoea and nervous signs with high morbidity and mortality. Morbidity was 90% and mortality was 100%. Diarrhoea, the most common clinical sign observed, was present in 48.28% of the affected pigeons, followed by nervous signs (27.59%), shivering (24.14%). Postmortem examination of affected birds showed lesions mainly in proventriculus, liver, lungs and kidneys. Histopathological changes were also observed in lungs, liver, and proventriculus. The results showed that the Newcastle disease virus was widespread in pigeons locally and caused high mortality rate. It is concluded that pigeon fanciers of northern Bangladesh do not maintain the regular preventive measures or vaccination against ND is being adopted to control the disease.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2017, 3(1): 134-139
Editorial Vol.4(1)
Authors: Talukder Md Humayun Kabir , Lasker Shamima Parvin
Published: April 2017

Abstract not availableBangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.4(1) 2013: 1
Influence of formative assessment on summative assessment in undergraduate medical students
Authors: Begum Nazma , Hossain Sakhawat , Talukder Md Humayun Kabir
Published: April 2017

This cross sectional descriptive study was carried out to determine the students' view about the influence of formative assessment on summative assessment The study was carried out from July 2009 to June 2010 over 300 intern doctors of Medicine and Paediatrics department of two government and two private medical colleges. Data were collected through self administered questionnaire. The questionnaire included different opinion about the influence of formative assessment on summative assessment and were rated using the 5 point Likert's scale. This study revealed that feedback from formative assessment to the students is important to supplement and modify teaching by the teachers. Students' fear is for summative assessment is reduced by formative assessment Written test, VIVA/SOE and OSCE/OSPE of formative assessment greatly improves the results of summative assessment Students opined that to improve the formative assessment the number of teachers should be increased, teachers should be trained up, teachers should give more time to the students and optimum feedback should be provided to the students. Frequency of formative assessment should remain as it is. Twenty to twenty five percent marks from formative assessment should be added to the summative assessment.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.4(1) 2013: 16-19
Forensic Medicine Curriculum in Medical Schools of Malaysia- A review
Authors: Kishor Shetty Charan
Published: April 2017

Every medical graduate has to compulsorily serve the government in Malaysia, before he can be a duly registered medical practitioner with the Malaysian Medical Council, in order to practise within Malaysia. During the course of his service as a Government Medical Officer, he is required to undertake medico-legal examinations of living and medico-legal autopsy of the dead relating to common offences, etc. These medical examinations are required by law for dispensing justice, as per the Penal Code, and other laws common to Malaysia and other former British Colonial countries of south Asian region. However the undergraduate Forensic Medicine curriculum has been progressively whittled down through repeated amendments of the undergraduate syllabus on the lines followed in some of the more developed nations. The latter have adequate post-graduate qualified Forensic experts in each district to undertake these tasks, and do not require the medical graduate to undertake these onerous and difficult examinations in their districts. This reduction of the under-graduate Forensic syllabus has resulted in many of the graduates not being given exposure to the minimal content necessary to undertake these examinations. They are thus uninitiated and unaware of the various situations and their responsibilities where they may be required to undertake these examinations for corroborating a crime or proving the innocence of a suspect examined. This paper lays emphasis on the legal expectations and also about standardization of forensic medicine curriculum for undergraduate medical degrees in Malaysian medical schools.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.5(1) 2014: 2-5
Perception of intern doctors about the newly introduced assessment system in the final professional MBBS examination
Authors: Chowdhury Fatima Parveen , Asaduzzaman AKM , Nargis Tahmina , Abeer Chowdhury Nasrath Munir
Published: April 2017

It was a descriptive study. The objective was to find out the perception of intern doctors regarding newly introduced assessment system in final professional MBBS examination which was held in July 2011. Data were collected from 500 inter doctors of selected medical colleges by using self administered questionnaire. It was found that majority (84%) of the respondent expressed their satisfaction with the newly introduced assessment method .Of the students 95.5% mentioned that SAQ is better than Essay questions. Inclusion of MCQ, SOE and OSCE in examination is worthy was opined by about 86.6%, 81.7%, 78% of the students respectively. Nearly eighty nine (89%) percent respondents thought that adding of a certain percentage of mark of formative assessment in final examination is better. About 29% of respondents said that examination phobia in oral /viva is not reduced by introducing SOE, 26.2% believed that all examinees are not judged in same standard by examiners by means of OSCE and 31% respondents believed that result of examination in SOE, some extent depends upon the examiners desire and intention. So, it reveals that the new assessment method is not implemented properly. Students also identified strengths and weakness of the new assessment.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.5(1) 2014: 6-9
Current practice in the Histology practical classes of Anatomy inthe undergraduate medical education in 15 Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmed Rukshana , Shamim Khondker Manzare , Talukder Md Humayun Kabir , Alam Kazikhairul , Nargis Tahmina
Published: April 2017

Background: Histology in the broader sense is devoted to the study of the micro anatomical structure of cells, tissues and organ systems. One of the major areas of laboratory teaching in the medical curriculum is Histology. This study aimed to assess the current practice of teaching learning in Histology practical classes of Anatomy in undergraduate medical education in Bangladesh.Methods: This descriptive type of cross sectional study was carried out in ten (four government and six non-government) medical colleges from January 2014 to December 2014. Direct observation of 30 Histology practical classes were made by the researcher herself. Different aspects of the classes were scored following a structured checklist by using a four point rubric.Results: The study findings revealed that the status of the 'light' of the classroom required very minimal efforts for attaining a good standard. On the other hand, observations revealed that considerable efforts are needed to reach a good standard towards 'grouping' of the students in the class and making proper 'conclusion' of the teaching session. Regarding the rest of the issues, it was found that only some or moderate efforts are required for getting to such standards.Conclusions: The common barriers found in this study were lack of training of teachers, large number of students and inadequacy of modernized teaching-learning aids. So in order to increase the effectivity of the practical classes modern techniques should be practiced. In addition teachers should be equipped with adequate knowledge on teaching pedagogies through frequent training and orientation programme in laboratory teaching.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.5(1) 2014: 15-19
Chemical Properties of Buriganga and Turag River Water
Authors: Nawshin N , Sultana N , Chowdhury MAH , Baten MA
Published: April 2017

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the chemical properties of Buriganga and Turag river water, Bangladesh. Water samples were collected from 15 locations of each river from January to February, 2016 to analyze chemical properties, which includes: pH, EC, TDS, DO, cations ( Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+), Anions (Cl-, HCO3-, SO42-, CO3-, PO43-) and heavy metal contents (Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr, As, Zn, Cu). The average value of pH was 8.47 and 8.41 in Buriganga and Turag water indicating moderate alkalinity. The average values of EC content of Buriganga and Turag river water were 327 and 272 ?S cm-1 indicating low to moderate salinity. The mean values of TDS and DO content were 1468.4 and 2.93 mg L-1 in Buriganga river water and 1202 and 3.91 mg L-1 in Turag river water, respectively. Average concentration of Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr, As, Zn, and Cu found in Buriganga and Turag river water were 0.068, 0.016, 0.081, 0.237, 0.006, 0.473, 0.19 mg L-1 and 0.012, 0.021, 0.015, 0.034, 0.002, 0.075, 0.014 mg L-1, respectively. From the study it is found that the value of Pb, Cd and Cr content in Buriganga and Cr content in Turag river water exceeded the standard limits of DoE and WHO. Therefore, Government and local people should take some effective measures to control the pollution of Buriganga and Turag river.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 9(2): 9-14 2016
Effects of Buriganga and Turag River Water on the Yield and Heavy Metal Contents of Indian Spinach
Authors: Nawshin N , Sadab FR , Chowdhury MAH , Baten MA
Published: April 2017

There are different types of essential nutrients are found in vegetables which are good for human health. But now a days the vegetables which are irrigated with Buriganga and Turag river water may be contaminated with heavy metals because of industrial effluents discharge into the Buriganga and Turag river water. The present study was conducted to investigate the levels of heavy metals like Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Cupper (Cu), Chromium (Cr), Zinc (Zn), Arsenic (As), Nickel (Ni), and Iron (Fe) in Indian Spinach irrigated with polluted Buriganga and Turag river water. Heavy metals contaminated water and vegetable samples were analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr, As, Zn, and Cu contents in Buriganga river water applied in Indian spinach ranged from 0.798-2.06, 0.011-0.60, 0.001-3.87, 0.378-1.25, 0.001-0.610, 6.21-23.24, and 2.01-13.69 ?g g-1, respectively and those of Turag river water ranged from 0.023- 0.781, 0.001-0.610, 0.001-0.360, 0.133-0.279, 0.001-0.360, 3.16-8.97, and 0.210-6.47 ?g g-1, respectively. The root and shoot length was decreased from 5.3 to 3.2 cm and from 7.2 to 5.5 cm for Buriganga river water applied plant samples. The root and shoot length of Turag river water applied plant samples were decreased from 3.83 to 3.10 cm and 6.93 to 6.18 cm, respectively. The number of leaves was decreased from 7.46 to 5.58 and 8.69 to 5.32 for Buriganga and Turag river water applied plant samples, respectively. The yield of Buriganga and Turag river water applied Indian spinach sample decreased 23.06% and 24.70% from the control plant sample. It is recommended that in spinach plant the concentration of Pd, Zn and Cu crossed the standard limits of FAO and WHO, indicating a potential risk to human body. Awareness should be created among the farmers about the serious consequences of using polluted river water for growing leafy vegetables in city areas.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 9(2): 15-20 2016
Assessment of the Quality of Industrial Wastewater in Three Metropolitan Cities in Bangladesh
Authors: Sultana N , Muktadir H , Chowdhury MAH , Baten MA
Published: April 2017

This study was conducted to assess the quality of different industrial wastewater. Some physicochemical parameters viz., pH, EC, TDS, Na+, K+, Ca++, Mg++, CO32-, HCO3-, Cl-, SO42-, PO43- including heavy metal contents like Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr, As, Zn and Cu concentration from collected wastewater samples were analyzed. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer was used for analyzing the heavy metals in the wastewater samples. The results revealed that, the values of pH, EC, TDS ranged between 6.44-9.0, 471-4307 ?S cm-1, 1952-5209 mg L-1, respectively. The higher mean concentrations of Na+, K+, Ca++, Mg++, CO3-, HCO3-, Cl-, SO42-, PO43- were 1407.8, 27.9, 69.9, 76.6, 2.7, 11.7, 1688, 76.6, 6.1 mg L-1, respectively. The mean concentration of Cd, Ni, Cr, Zn, and Cu was 0.17, 0.87, 85.73, 0.80, and 1.56 mg L-1, respectively. Among trace elements Ni and Cd, Zn and Cd, Zn and Cr showed a positive relationship. To avoid the harmful effects of wastewater on environment it is imperative to treat industrial effluents before discharge into open environment.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 9(2): 21-25 2016
Comparison between Vermicompost and Conventional Aerobic Compost Produced from Municipal Organic Solid Waste Used in Amaranthus viridis Production
Authors: Islam MS , Hasan M , Rahman MM , Uddin MN , Kabir MH
Published: April 2017

The study was conducted to determine the performance of vermicompost and conventional aerobic compost produced from municipal organic solid waste used in Amaranthus viridis production during the period from October 2014 to June 2015 at the Horticulture Research Centre of the Bangladesh Agriculture Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh. In this study, three compost varieties (vermicompost, conventional aerobic compost, combination of vermicompost and conventional compost) and three levels of compost treatments (0, 100 and 150 g/m2) with three replications were applied. The plots were arranged in randomized complete block design. Vermicompost was prepared by using Eisenia fetida. Different composts (vermicompost and conventional aerobic compost) and plant sample were taken first for chemical and physical analysis to find out the effect of these composts on the growth of amaranth. The result of the study showed that different compost varieties significantly affected the chlorophyll content, dry matter content, height per plant, numbers of leaves, weight per plant, nitrogen, calcium, magnesium, potassium, total phosphorus positively in favour of vermicompost application and sulphur content, sodium, moisture content in conventional aerobic compost application. Vermicompost application showed higher result for growth and yield indices and nutrient content compared with conventional aerobic compost.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 9(2): 43-49 2016
Assessment of Aquatic Faunal Diversity in the Ratargul Swamp Forest at Sylhet in Bangladesh
Authors: Islam MS , Islam MA , Sweety NA , Hossain MAR , Kabir MH
Published: April 2017

The study was conducted to asses the aquatic faunal diversity in the Ratargul Swamp Forest during the period from November 2014 to October 2015. For the systematic study of aquatic fauna, the quadrate method along with transect was used where 4 transects were selected in the swamp forest each with 5 stations based on topography and vegetation. A total of 24 species of aquatic fauna belonging to 18 families were identified during the period, which were crustaceans (7), molluscs (4), fishes (12) and annelid (1). Among them, fishes were the most dominant and abundant groups. The crustaceans, molluscs, fishes and annelid were shown different pattern of density and diversity within the Transects. The density of individuals in Ratargul Swamp Forest varied from station to station within a range of 8 to 40 Indm-². The lowest Simpsons Index of Diversity was 2.76 in T-4, which was situated in the transitional area between forested land and relatively deep lake within the forest. Leptocarpus potamiscus, Nandus nandus, and Pila globosa were the dominant shrimp, fish and mollusc species in the T-4, respectively. The highest Simpsons Index of Diversity was 3.89 in T-3, which was situated along the bank of a small channel within the forest. Nematopalaemon tenuipes, Puntius ticto, and Pila globosa were the dominant shrimp, fish and mollusc species in T-3, respectively.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 9(2): 51-64 2016
Effects of Planting Date and Growth Hormone on Growth and Yield of Cauliflower
Authors: Rahman MA , Imran M , Ikrum M , Rahman MH , Rabbani MG
Published: April 2017

An experiment was conducted at the Horticulture Farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during the period from October 2014 to March 2015 to study the effects of planting date and growth hormone on the growth and yield of cauliflower. The experiment consisted of two factors; Factor A: Three planting dates, such as P1: Planting on 1 November; P2: Planting on 15 November and P3: Planting on 1 December; Factor B: Four levels of Growth hormone, such as H0: No Hormone (control); H1: 10 ppm IAA (Indole-3 Acetic Acid); H2: 70 ppm GA3 (Gibberellic Acid) and H3: 10 ppm IAA + 70 ppm GA3. The experiment was laid out following Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. In case of planting date, the highest plant height (63.26 cm), number of leaves per plant (24.13), leaf length (59.26 cm), leaf breadth (19.31 cm) at harvest, curd diameter (22.25 cm), marketable yield per hectare (28.11 t ha-1) were recorded from P2 and the lowest of those parameters were recorded from P3. In case of growth hormone the highest plant height (63.10 cm), number of leaves per plant (23.66), leaf length (59.05 cm), leaf breadth (18.98 cm) at harvest, curd diameter (22.39 cm), marketable yield per hectare (29.88 t ha-1) were recorded from H3 and the lowest of those perameters were recorded from H0. Combination of planting date and growth hormone the highest plant height (65.96 cm), number of leaves per plant (26.42), leaf length (63.64 cm), leaf breadth (20.92 cm) at harvest, curd diameter (25.75 cm), marketable yield per hectare (31.03 t ha-1) were recorded from planting on 15 November and 10 ppm IAA with 70 ppm GA3 (P2H3) and the lowest parameters (21.75 t ha-1) were recorded from planting on 1 December and no hormone (P3H0). It is apparent from the above results that the combination of planting on 15 November and 10 ppm IAA with 70 ppm GA3 (P2H3) was more productive from the other combinations.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 9(2): 143-150 2016
The Impact of Noise Pollution on Workers Health in Selected Industries of Mirzapur Industrial Area, Tangail, Bangladesh
Authors: Alam S , Akter ST , Sheikh MS , Bahar I
Published: April 2017

The unwanted and intolerable sound causes noise. The study was conducted through interviewing of workers and measuring of noise levels on six types of industries. The data were collected on April, May and June, 2013. The data of noise levels were measured at main gate, administration office and working place of the selected industries. The noise level at the working places during day time of the selected industries were 81.50 dB (textile mill), 104.20 dB (cotton mill), 90.50 dB (jute mill), 95.90 dB (spinning mill), 89.25 dB (knit and garments factory) and 83.50 dB (knitting factory), respectively. All the recorded noise level data in working places of the industries exceeded the DoE standard (75 dB at day time and 70 dB at night time) that caused noise pollution. The important contributors of noise pollution were machineries and overcrowding of the workers in the industry. Most of the common impacts of noise pollution were headache, heart diseases and hearing problem. To resolve the noise problem in industry it was suggested to eliminate the noise sources substituting noisy machineries and so on.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 9(2): 155-160 2016
“Our Country Is Destined to be the Great Nation of Futurity”: John L. O’Sullivan’s Manifest Destiny and Christian Nationalism, 1837–1846
Authors: Wilsey John
Published: April 2017

As founding editor of the United States Magazine and Democratic Review, John L. O’Sullivan (1813–1895) preached a particular form of Christian nationalism that centered on expansionist fever occurring during the 1830s and 1840s. O’Sullivan’s Christian nationalism was known as “Manifest Destiny”. He famously coined the term in 1845 while defending the right of the United States to annex the Republic of Texas. The central argument of this essay is that Manifest Destiny, as O’Sullivan articulated it in the pages of the Democratic Review, follows the contours of the innovative and heterodox political religion developed by Elie Kedourie and expounded upon by Anthony D. Smith. O’Sullivan’s Manifest Destiny was a conglomerated nationalistic paradigm consisting of elements from Protestant theology, Lyman Beecher’s vision for civilizing the West, and German idealism via George Bancroft’s use of historicism in his History of the United States of America, from the Discovery of the American Continent. As a form of Christian nationalism located in the context of antebellum America, Manifest Destiny is helpful to historians as they trace both continuity and change over time in how Americans have self-identified in religious terms since their origin as a collection of colonial, and later independent, polities.
RBMS3 Inhibits the Proliferation and Metastasis of Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Yang Yuan , Quan Lingli , Ling Ye
Published: April 2017

RBMS3, a gene encoding a glycine-rich RNA-binding protein, belongs to the family of c-Myc gene single-strand binding proteins (MSSP). Recently, several reports have provided evidence that RBMS3 was deregulated in a diverse range of solid tumors and played a critical role in tumor progression.
However, it remains unclear whether RBMS3 inhibits the progression of human breast cancer. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of RBMS3 in breast cancer and explore the underlying mechanism in breast cancer progression. Our results showed, for the first time, that the expression
of RBMS3 at both the mRNA and protein levels was significantly downregulated in human breast cancer tissues and cell lines. In addition, RBMS3 overexpression dramatically suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of breast cancer cells in vitro and attenuated tumor growth in vivo.
Furthermore, we observed that RBMS3 greatly inhibited the protein expression of β-catenin, cyclin D1, and c-Myc in breast cancer cells. In summary, we have shown that RBMS3 inhibited the proliferation and tumorigenesis of breast cancer cells, at least in part, through inactivation of
the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Thus, RBMS3 may be a potential treatment target for breast cancer.
Knockdown of TMPRSS3, a Transmembrane Serine Protease, Inhibits Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion in Human Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Wang Jun-Ying , Jin Xin , Li Xiao-Feng
Published: April 2017

TMPRSS3 belongs to the large type II transmembrane serine protease (TTSP) family, which plays an important role in the development and progression of tumors. However, the function of TMPRSS3 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains unclear. The present study aimed to examine the impact
of TMPRSS3 on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of NPC cells and their potential mechanisms. Our results demonstrated that the expression of TMPRSS3 was obviously upregulated in human NPC tissues and cell lines. Knockdown of TMPRSS3 expression significantly suppressed the proliferation
and tumorigenicity of NPC cells in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, knockdown of TMPRSS3 inhibited migration and invasion, as well as prevented the EMT process in NPC cells. Finally, knockdown of TMPRSS3 attenuated activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in NPC cells. Taken together, the
present study demonstrates that the knockdown of TMPRSS3 inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion in human NPC cells through the inactivation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. This study suggests that TMPRSS3 may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of NPC.
Long Noncoding RNA XIST Promotes Osteosarcoma Progression by Targeting Ras-Related Protein RAP2B via miR-320b
Authors: Lv Gong-Yi , Miao Jun , Zhang Xiao-Lin
Published: April 2017

Abnormal expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) often contributes to the unrestricted growth and invasion of cancer cells. lncRNA X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) expression is upregulated in several cancers; however, its underlying mechanism in osteosarcoma (OS) has not been
elucidated. In the present study, we found that XIST expression was significantly increased in OS tissues and cell lines by LncRNA Profiler and qRT-PCR. The effects of XIST and miR-320b on OS cell proliferation and invasion were studied by MTT and Transwell invasion assays. The competing relationship
between XIST and miR-320b was confirmed by luciferase reporter assay. Our results showed that XIST knockdown strikingly inhibited cell proliferation and invasion. Furthermore, XIST could directly bind to miR-320b and repress miR-320b expression. Moreover, XIST overexpression significantly
relieved the inhibition on OS cell proliferation and invasion mediated by miR-320b overexpression, which involved the derepression of Ras-related protein RAP2B. We propose that XIST is responsible for OS cell proliferation and invasion and that XIST exerts its function through the miR-320b/RAP2B
axis. Our findings suggest that lncRNA XIST may be a candidate prognostic biomarker and a target for new therapies in OS patients.
The Thyromimetic KB2115 (Eprotirome) Induces Rat Hepatocyte Proliferation
Authors: Szydlowska Marta , Pibiri Monica , Perra Andrea , Puliga Elisabetta , Mattu Sandra , Ledda-Columbano Giovanna M. , Columbano Amedeo , Leoni Vera P.
Published: April 2017

Although the hepatomitogenic activity of T3 is well established, the wide range of harmful effects exerted by this hormone precludes its use in regenerative therapy. The aim of this study was to investigate whether an agonist of TRβ, KB2115 (Eprotirome), could exert a mitogenic
effect in the liver, without most of the adverse T3/TRα-dependent side effects. F-344 rats treated with KB2115 for 1 week displayed a massive increase in bromodeoxyuridine incorporation (from 20% to 40% vs. 5% of controls), which was associated with increased mitotic activity in the
absence of significant signs of liver toxicity. Noteworthy, while cardiac hypertrophy typical of T3 was not observed, beneficial effects, such as lowering blood cholesterol levels, were associated to KB2115 administration. Following a single dose of KB2115, hepatocyte proliferation was evident
as early as 18 h, demonstrating its direct mitogenic effect. No increase in serum transaminase levels or apoptosis was observed prior to or concomitantly with the S phase. While KB2115-induced mitogenesis was not associated to enhance expression of c-fos, c-jun, and c-myc, cyclin
D1 levels rapidly increased. In conclusion, KB2115 induces hepatocyte proliferation without overt toxicity. Hence, this agent may be useful for regenerative therapies in liver transplantation or other surgical settings.
Social networks in health care for hypertensive elderly people
Authors: Machado Ana Larissa Gomes , Silva Ana Zaira da , Lima Eveline Fontes Costa , Borges Fernanda Moura , Mota Miriane Da Silva , Formiga Laura Maria Feitosa
Published: April 2017

Background: Social Networks are characterized by their dynamism and continuous exchange of information, being fundamental to face acute or chronic health conditions and their related problems. It is therefore believed that elderly hypertensive people are inserted in social networks formed through interactions that help them face chronic disease and that such structures include diverse aspects that affect the care processes that are directly related to the perceptions of these patients on hypertension and its treatment.  

Aim: To disclose social networks used by elderly hypertensive patients created through the health care offered by health professionals and/or relatives.

Method: descriptive cross sectional study with a qualitative approach developed in two basic care urban units of a Northeastern Brazil municipality during February and March, 2016. The sample was composed of 26 elderly patients of both sexes registered in the selected units. Data collection took place through a semi-structured interview carried out at the patients’ domiciles. Data was processed through the Iramuteq software and analyzed through the Descending Hierarchical Classification (DHC).

Results: results were introduced in two axes: Axe 1: hypertension implications in the life of the elderly according to the following classification: Class 5: pharmacological treatment and side effects; Class 4: hypertension signs and symptoms; Axe 2: hypertension-based links formed with the different classes; Class 2: links that strengthen care; Class 1: pharmacological treatment and side effects; Class 3: professionals who promote hypertensive elderly patients’ care.   

Conclusion: interactions developed by hypertensive elderly patients reveal the key role that pharmacological treatment plays in the construction of social networks, negatively affecting the elderly perceptions on the right therapy and highlighting health professionals that promote health care.
Impact Of Wounds In The Assistance To Basic Human Needs In Intensive Care
Authors: Ferreira Jocelly De Araújo , Alves de Lima Nayda Babel , Agra Glenda , Lopes de Souza Priscilla Tereza , Azevedo da Silva Cecilia Jéssica , Medeiros Martins Gabriela
Published: April 2017

Objective: to understand the impact of soft tissue injuries in the provision of assistance to Basic Human Needs of customers by the nursing staff in the Adult Intensive Care Unit of a hospital in Pernambuco, Brazil.

Methodology: this is a descriptive study with quantitative character, performed with 104 nurses in December 2015. A questionnaire drawn from Wanda Horta's theory was used for data collection.

Results: the most judicious care provided by the multidisciplinary team (81.7%) and the establishment of bond between professionals and clients (57.7%) were found to be the main positive effects. However, negative effects were outstanding, indicated by increased hospital stay (86.5%) and feeling of anxiety (72.1%). Despite the interference of lesions, body care (86%), communication (63.3%), and religiosity/spirituality (43.3%) needs were referred to as met.

Conclusion: the presence of wounds represents a difficulty to meet needs, although they bring some positive impact on the client. However, while recognizing the importance of valuing the customer subjectivity, this aspect is not yet addressed with proper attention.

Keywords: Intensive Care Unit; Injuries; Nursing Care; Basic needs.
Deaths by tuberculosis in a priority city for disease control in the Brazilian Northeast: sociodemographic-operational characteristics and vulnerable territories.
Authors: Santos Neto Marcelino , Da Silva Francisca Bárbara Gomes , Sodré Mariana Borges , Yamamura Mellina , Santos Floriacy Stabnow , Costa Ana Cristina Pereira de Jesus , Serra Maria Aparecida Alves de Oliveira , Gordon Ariadne Siqueira de Araújo , Pascoal Lívia Maia , Bezerra Janaína Miranda , Santos Leonardo Hunaldo dos , Andrade Hamilton Leandro Pinto de , Fontoura Iolanda Graepp , Pieri Flávia Menegheti , Arcêncio Ricardo Alexandre
Published: April 2017

Introduction: Incorporating spatial approaches into epidemiological research is a challenge in public health research. The goal in this study was to analyze the spatial distribution of cases of deaths by tuberculosis in Imperatriz – MA (Brazil) and to characterize these events according to sociodemographic and operational characteristics.

Methods: In this ecological study, all deaths from tuberculosis as the primary cause registered in the Mortality Information System from 2005 to 2014 were considered. The research variables were subject to descriptive analysis, point density analysis (Kernel Intensity Estimation) and area analysis.

Results: Fifty cases of deaths by TB were identified, particularly the pulmonary clinical form. Male patients were predominant, with a median age of 59 years, mulatto race/color, single, who had finished secondary education. Most deaths happened at the hospital, with medical care before death and without autopsy. Most events happened at the hospital, with medical care delivery by an assistant physician and without autopsy. The point density revealed heterogeneity in the spatial distribution of the deaths, with rates of up to 2.33 deaths/km2. The area analysis by census sector presented age standardized mortality rates of 0.00 to 4.00 deaths/100,000 inhabitants-year.

Conclusion: The results contributed to the knowledge on the spatial distribution of cases of deaths by Tuberculosis and their characteristics in the research scenario. The importance of space is highlighted as a methodological alternative to support the planning, monitoring and assessment of health actions, targeting interventions to the control of the disease in vulnerable territories.

Keywords: Tuberculosis; Health Information Systems; Mortality; Spatial analysis.