bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Magenkarzinom: Kombination aus Zolbetuximab und Chemotherapie bietet neuen therapeutischen Ansatz
Authors: Haag Georg Martin
Published: August 2021

Background: Claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2) is contained within normal gastric mucosa epithelial tight junctions; upon malignant transformation, CLDN18.2 epitopes become exposed. Zolbetuximab, a chimeric monoclonal antibody, mediates specific killing of CLDN18.2-positive cells through immune effector mechanisms. Patients and methods: The FAST study enrolled advanced gastric/gastro-oesophageal junction and oesophageal adenocarcinoma patients (aged ≥18 years) with moderate-to-strong CLDN18.2 expression in ≥40% tumour cells. Patients received first-line epirubicin + oxaliplatin + capecitabine (EOX, arm 1, n = 84) every 3 weeks (Q3W), or zolbetuximab + EOX (loading dose, 800 mg/m2 then 600 mg/m2 Q3W) (arm 2, n = 77). Arm 3 (exploratory) was added after enrolment initiation (zolbetuximab + EOX 1000 mg/m2 Q3W, n = 85). The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) was a secondary endpoint. Results: In the overall population, both PFS [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.44; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.29–0.67; P < 0.0005] and OS (HR = 0.55; 95% CI, 0.39–0.77; P < 0.0005) were significantly improved with zolbetuximab + EOX (arm 2) compared with EOX alone (arm 1). This significant PFS benefit was retained in patients with moderate-to-strong CLDN18.2 expression in ≥70% of tumour cells (HR = 0.38; 95% CI, 0.23–0.62; P < 0.0005). Significant improvement in PFS was also reported in the overall population of arm 3 versus arm 1 (HR = 0.58; 95% CI, 0.39–0.85; P = 0.0114) but not in high CLDN18.2-expressing patients; no significant improvement in OS was observed in either population. Most adverse events (AEs) related to zolbetuximab + EOX (nausea, vomiting, neutropenia, anaemia) were grade 1–2. Grade ≥3 AEs showed no substantial increases overall (zolbetuximab + EOX versus EOX alone). Conclusions: In advanced gastric/gastro-oesophageal junction and oesophageal adenocarcinoma patients expressing CLDN18.2, adding zolbetuximab to first-line EOX provided longer PFS and OS versus EOX alone. Zolbetuximab + EOX was generally tolerated and AEs were manageable. Zolbetuximab 800/600 mg/m2 is being evaluated in phase III studies based on clinical benefit observed in the overall population and in patients with moderate-to-strong CLDN18.2 expression in ≥70% of tumour cells.
Impact of lesson study on mathematics anxiety and mathematics achievement of Malaysian foundation programme students
Authors: Gholami Hosseinali , Ayub Ahmad Fauzi Mohd , Yunus Aida Suraya Md , Kamarudin Nurzatulshima
Published: August 2021

Based on many researches, there is negative relationship between mathematics anxiety and achievement. However, there is no study about mathematics anxiety and achievement in Malaysian foundation centers. This research studied the impact of Lesson Study (LS) on mathematics anxiety and achievement of students in a Malaysian university. A total of eight lecturers were involved in planning the LS which was experimented on 44 students as experimental group, while 42 others were in the control group. In the experimental group, students solved problems individually and in teams in a student-centered approach. For the control group, students were taught using the conventional method. Mathematics anxiety was measured using the Mathematics Anxiety Scale-Revised (MAS-R). A mathematics test was used to measure the students’ ability in problem solving. The data was analyzed using t-test, ANOVA and MANOVA. The results showed that there is a significant difference between the means of the experimental and control groups in mathematics anxiety and achievement scores. However, there is no statistically significant interaction between the effects of educational method and gender on both mathematics anxiety and achievement. LS was found to be a suitable method to increasing the student’s ability in problem solving and reducing their anxiety.
From competition to collaboration: Unraveling teachers’ lesson study experiences
Authors: Bautista Romiro G. , Baniqued Wilfredo B.
Published: August 2021

Lesson study is a professional development program among teachers. It reciprocates teachers’ development to students’ outcomes. It is also an act of leveraging classroom practices, enriching teachers’ content knowledge, and process skills and beliefs. This study explored the experiences of a group of science secondary school teachers that implemented the lesson study in their classes. Qualitative data were gathered from the informants’ interview during the implementation of the lesson study. Data were processed through document trail among the informants to ascertain the veracity of the transcribed responses, reflections, and observations. Thematic analysis revealed five themes on the experiences of the teachers in implementing the Lesson Study: developing a culture of oneness, crafting teachers’ competence through synergism, boosting teachers’ morale and confidence, refining the quality of the research lesson, and scheming avenues for critical thinking. It is, therefore, suggested that lesson study be implemented by all teachers across all subject-areas in the division and introduced among pre-service teachers to further discover its efficacy towards teachers’ development and students’ outcomes. Furthermore, it is strongly suggested that knowledgeable others be involved in the implementation of the lesson study as their presence were found significant in ensuring its success as most of the teachers are not specialized in the field that they are teaching.
E-learning in new normal COVID-19 era: Measure HOTS and pro-environmental behavior about environmental pollution
Authors: Ichsan Ilmi Zajuli , Purwanto Agung , Rahmayanti Henita
Published: August 2021

Current environmental learning amid the COVID-19 new normal situation requires an innovation. This is due to students need various skills to solve environmental pollution issues using Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) and is implemented in the form of Pro-Environmental Behavior (PEB). The innovation is aimed at supporting e-learning utilization. This study aims to delineate university students’ HOTS and PEB and examine the e-learning utilization. Method used in the study is descriptive method using survey technique. Samples involved in the research are 265 university students. The study results indicate that the students’ HOTS score is, overall, in a very low category (31.37). The students’ PEB score, however, is already in a very high position (89.88) as a form to prevent COVID-19 in their surrounding environment. The result of e-learning description suggests that there are still some obstacles in terms of e-learning implementation. The research concludes that the HOTS score is relatively low, whereas the PEB score must be maintained. Suggestions proposed from this study is that to develop teaching materials or learning media, in this context book or supplementary book can be develop, related to environmental pollution as a disaster mitigation effort amid the COVID-19 new normal situation.
Development and validation of year five geometrical measurement skills instrument
Authors: Mohd Nasser Siti Nur Annisa , Lian Lim Hooi
Published: August 2021

Geometrical measurement is one of the most difficult fields in primary school mathematics and regularly found to be an area of weaknesses. The factors affecting the low understanding is due to the lack of valid and reliable assessment instruments. Thus, this study aimed to develop and validate a Geometrical Measurement Skill Instrument (GMSI) to assess Year Five National school pupils’ geometrical measurement skills in geometrical measurement. GMSI was developed by applying the Structure of Observed Learning Outcomes (SOLO) Taxonomy and was constructed in the super item format which consisted of 24 items altogether. This study applied a survey approach to assess 132 Year Five pupils’ geometrical measurement skills. The content validity was examined using the content validity index (CVI) analysis. For the construct validity, data were obtained and analyzed using the Rasch analysis. From the CVI analysis, the results showed that GMSI could be used for the pilot study. Results for the construct validity indicated that GMSI fulfilled the psychometric properties and is valid and reliable. Hence, the results could help teachers and pupils to diagnose the strength and weaknesses of geometrical measurement and help them to plan systematic remedy to improve teaching and learning.
Gender of transformational school principals and teachers’ innovative behavior
Authors: Ismail Aziah , Ahmad Nor Shafrin , Aman Rahimi Che
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this paper is to examine the different levels of transformational leadership between male and female principals and their relationships with teachers' Innovative Work Behavior (IWB) in Malaysian secondary schools. In total, 477 teachers from various secondary schools were randomly selected as respondents (218 are working under female principals, while 259 of them are under male principals). This study revealed that the respondents agree that male principals practice transformational leadership higher than female principals. However, the female principals were highly influential on the teachers’ IWB compared to their male counterparts. This study provides a glimpse of the teachers' innovative behavior improvement resulted from transformational leadership by male and female school principals.
Student’s general attitude in gender-inclusive language
Authors: Remigio Ma. Theresa R. , Talosa Arlene D.
Published: August 2021

Centered on studies on language and gender, this study generally aimed to assess the students’ general attitude towards Gender-Inclusive It likewise determined difference on attitude when grouped according to sex. The study utilized quantitative research design. Survey questionnaire using the IASNL was the instrument used which assesses beliefs, recognition of sexist language and willingness to use gender-inclusive language. Respondents utilized were randomly selected students of the College of Teacher Education. Results revealed that most of the students were female, displaying a positive attitude towards gender-inclusive language which indicates the students’ openness to gender-inclusive language use. It was found though that women and men did not seem to care strongly one way or another about gender-inclusive language. The result is reflective of the potential positive feedback to the Gender and Development (GAD) mainstreaming programs of the campus on the use of the said language.
EFL university teachers’ perspectives in written corrective feedback and their actual applications
Authors: Purnomo Windy Wahju , Basthomi Yazid , Prayogo Johannes Ananto
Published: August 2021

This study aimed to investigate the English as a foreign language (EFL) university teachers’ perspective and their actual applications in providing written corrective feedback to the writing errors made by the EFL university students and their correlation. The study was based on 80 responses of a Google-Form survey distributed to EFL university teachers with various teaching experiences from the most parts of Indonesia. Correlational design was used in this research. Descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation tests were used to analyze data. The results indicated that the majority of teachers had perspectives that it is valuable to provide and vary the strategies of written corrective feedback. In addition, the teachers mostly applied both direct and indirect feedback in various strategies and they only sometimes provided corrections in all aspects of errors and reformulation. It was also found out that the Indonesian EFL university teachers’ perspectives in the written corrective on students’ writing errors highly correlated with their actual applications. The results of the study provide both theoretical and pedagogical implications. Theoretically, it enriches the body knowledge of feedback and EFL writing. Pedagogically, EFL teachers are also suggested to improve their knowledge on various feedback techniques and apply it in their classroom teaching and learning process.

 
The cloud computing systems’ adoption in the higher education sector in Oman in light of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Al-Hajri Salim , Echchabi Abdelghani , Ayedh Abdullah Mohammed , Omar Mohammed Mispah Said
Published: August 2021

The objective of the research was to find out the key factors that influence the acceptance and usage of cloud computing systems in the Omani higher education sector, with special emphasis on the COVID-19 outbreak. For this purpose, a quantitative research approach was conducted where 200 students from several Omani higher education institutions were surveyed, and by using Partial Least Square (PLS) to analysis the collected data. The findings revealed that the intention to use cloud computing in this context is significantly dependent on its perceived ease of use, usefulness, perceived reliability and responsiveness. It is noteworthy that this is one of the early studies that address the subject of cloud computing usage during times of crises, and specifically the COVID-19 outbreak. As such, it provides significant contributions in the area of technology adoption.
Factor of Zoom cloud meetings: Technology adoption in the pandemic of COVID-19
Authors: Zulherman Zulherman , Nuryana Zalik , Pangarso Astadi , Zain Farah Mohamad
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this study was to prove the factors that influence the use of online learning platforms used in the COVID-19 pandemic. This study used quantitative methods to analyze the validity and reliability of items and to test hypotheses. This study employed the theory of UTAUT2 models with several other variables. The total participants in this questionnaire were 175 people: lecturers, teachers, and students at the university and were randomly drawn. Consists of ten independent variables and one dependent variable. The findings of this study on ten hypotheses were only two accepted and eight rejected but. the authenticity of this study was never investigated about the purpose of using the Zoom platform during the COVID-19 pandemic in the context of education in Indonesia.
Improving polytechnic students’ high-order-thinking-skills through inquiry-based learning in mathematics classroom
Authors: Abdurrahman Muhammad Sani , Halim Abdullah Abdul , Sharifah Osman
Published: August 2021

Mathematics is one of the most emphasized subjects and has grown immensely to provide a strong base for programs in science, engineering and technology. Training students in this field will give them the opportunity to improve their high order thinking skills (HOTS). But the students’ HOTS level is at low stage due to the learning approaches employed in classrooms. As a result, the study aimed at looking into the effect of inquiry-based learning (IBL) in improving polytechnic students’ level of HOTS. Quasi-experimental design was used in this study involving two sampled National Diploma II classes. There were 73 students participated in this study (36 students for experimental group and 37 students for control group). HOTS questions and worksheets based on IBL are the instruments used for this study. At the α=0.05 (p=0.000) level of significance, the results of the independent-sample t-test revealed a significant difference between the mean post-test scores of the experimental group and the control group. Moreover, the students’ overall HOTS level was discovered to be (applying, analyzing, evaluating, and creating) improving through this approach. In conclusion, IBL can have a positive effect on the HOTS of polytechnic students in mathematics classroom.
Para meninos, meninas e suas bonecas: moldes e moda para crianças no Brasil do século XIX
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo. Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades, Italiano Isabel , Bastos Desirée ,   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Araújo Luciano ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades
Published: August 2021

Para meninos, meninas e suas bonecas – moldes e moda no Brasil do século XIX é uma investigação sobre os trajes usados no Brasil no século XIX por um público que normalmente é esquecido nas pesquisas: as crianças. O livro trata, em primeiro lugar, das atividades que as crianças podiam exercer no século XIX: brincar, estudar, crescer de forma sadia... Na sequência, propõe-se a modelagem e a maneira de construir os trajes de meninos, meninas e das bonecas, peças fundamentais no crescimento e envolvimento social das meninas no século XIX. A recriação artística desses trajes é o desafio que a obra apresenta: leitor, veja as modelagens, adapte-as para suas necessidades e crie!
Comparative Outcomes of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for ST-Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction Among Medicare Beneficiaries With Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease: An National Cardiovascular Data Registry Research to Practice Project
Authors: Secemsky Eric A. , Butala Neel , Raja Aishwarya , Khera Rohan , Wang Yongfei , Curtis Jeptha P. , Maddox Thomas M. , Virani Salim S. , Armstrong Ehrin J. , Shunk Kendrick A. , Brindis Ralph G. , Bhatt Deepak , Yeh Robert W.
Published: August 2021

Background:

Prior studies on the use of multivessel percutaneous coronary intervention (MV PCI) for patients with ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and multivessel coronary artery disease have yielded heterogeneous results. The recent COMPLETE trial (Complete Versus Culprit-Only Revascularization Strategies to Treat Multivessel Disease After Early PCI for STEMI) demonstrated that MV PCI was superior to culprit-only PCI among patients with STEMI. It is unclear how these trial results apply to clinical decisions encountered in routine practice.

Methods:

We studied STEMI admissions among patients >65 years with multivessel disease and Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services–linked data in the National Cardiovascular Data Registry CathPCI Registry from July 1, 2009 to December 31, 2017. MV PCI was defined as PCI to a nonculprit lesion ≤45 days of the index procedure. The primary outcome was the composite of death, myocardial infarction, and revascularization from 45 days through 1 year. To account for unmeasured confounders, an instrumental variable analysis was used to compare treatment strategies. The instrument was institutional rates of MV PCI. A falsification end point of postdischarge major bleeding was utilized to assess for residual confounding.

Results:

Of 56 332 admissions from 1102 institutions, 37.7% received MV PCI ≤45 days of index STEMI PCI. Of those undergoing MV PCI, 74.8% received complete revascularization. In unadjusted analysis, MV PCI was associated with a lower cumulative incidence of the composite outcome between 45 days and 1 year (13.9% versus 18.2% for non-MV PCI,
P
<0.01). In the instrumental variable analysis, there was no association between MV PCI and the composite outcome (adjusted risk difference, −0.97% [95% CI, −3.52% to 1.59%];
P
=0.46). An association between MV PCI and the falsification end point of major bleeding was not observed (adjusted risk difference, −2.54% [95% CI, −5.30% to 0.22%];
P
=0.07).

Conclusions:

In this large, nationwide analysis, we did not find benefit of MV PCI by 1 year among older STEMI patients. The clinical benefit of MV PCI may not extend equally outside of trials to include all patients, including those with more extreme ages and more complex decision-making.
Google Plus as a Contentious Field of Revolutionary Identity
Authors: Teimouri Amirhossein
Published: August 2021

Social media platforms have been increasingly reinvigorating extreme movements, especially rightist movements. Utilizing unique Google Plus data, the author shows the rise and fall of the 2015 rightist anti-Nuclear Deal movement in Iran. He argues that the Google Plus platform in 2015 provided the new generation of revolutionary Islamist rightist activists with a contentious space of mobilization, enabling them to develop a new revolutionary rightist identity. This revolutionary identity and its corresponding language and discourse did not fully unfold in Iranian mainstream rightist media, even though rightist groups, compared to liberal groups, are not censored and repressed. The new generation of rightist activists perceived the Nuclear Deal as an existential threat to revolutionary principles of the country, and thus played out their outrage and identity anxieties on Google Plus. The author contends that this online outrage, due to the activists’ identity bond with the regime and the 1979 Iranian Revolution, however, did not translate into any massive offline mobilization against the Nuclear Deal. He also discusses the methodological implications of using social media data, especially the discontinuation of Google Plus.
The Online Intersection among Islamophobia, Populism, and Hate Speech: An Italian Perspective
Authors: Vitullo Alessandra
Published: August 2021

Online radical Islam is a topic widely studied by scholars and notoriously discussed among non- experts as well (Awan, 2007; Von Behr et al. 2013; Gray & Head 2009). Because of its intrinsic characteristics (i.e. accessibility, anonymity, or users’ identity dissimulation), the internet has always been a useful tool for propagandists of Islamic fundamentalism (Fighel, 2007; Stenersen, 2008; Koehler, 2014). However, in the last decade, studies have questioned the real importance and magnitude of Islamic radicalization online (Gill et al., 2017). In fact, while scholars were focused on observing digital Islamic radicalization, a galaxy of new forms of extremism was growing online (Silva et al., 2017; Roversi, 2008) that no longer made Islam an exceptional case study. Today, Muslim people are one of the groups most aggressively targeted by extremist, intolerant, violent, and radical discourses (Elahi & Khan, 2017; Amnesty International, 2019). Anti-Muslim hate speech has spread online throughout Europe and the United States, reinforced by the propaganda and political discourse of populist right-wing parties (Hafez, 2014; Bakali 2016). This paper introduces some large-scale action-research projects developed in Europe and Italy in the last three years (2016–2019) and aims to reconstruct the most updated Islamophobia state of the art in terms of numbers, characteristics, and phenomenology from the offline to the online context.
The role of brush encroachment in Mediterranean ecosystems: a review
Authors: Henkin Zalmen
Published: August 2021

Encroachment of woody plants into grasslands and subsequent brush management are among the most prominent changes occurring in arid and semiarid ecosystems over the past century. The reduced number of farms, the abandonment of marginal land and the decline of traditional farming practices have led to encroachment of the woody and shrubby components into grasslands. This phenomenon, specifically in the Mediterranean region, which is followed by a reduction in herbage production, biodiversity and increased fire risk, is generally considered an undesirable process. Sarcopoterium spinosum has had great success in the eastern Mediterranean as a colonizer and dominant bush species on a wide variety of sites and climatic conditions. In the Mediterranean dehesa, the high magnitude and intensity of shrub encroachment effects on pastures and on tree production were shown to be dependent on temporal variation. Accordingly, there are attempts to transform shrublands into grassland-woodland matrices by using different techniques. The main management interventions that are commonly used include grazing, woodcutting, shrub control with herbicides or by mechanical means, amelioration of plant mineral deficits in the soil, and fire. However, the effects of these various treatments on the shrubs under diverse environmental conditions were found to be largely context-specific. As such, the most efficient option for suppressing encroachment of shrubs is combining different interventions. Appropriate management of grazing, periodic control of the shrub component, and occasional soil nutrient amelioration can lead to the development of attractive open woodland with a productive herbaceous understory that provides a wider range of ecological services.
The Greek portable sundial from Memphis rediscovered
Authors: Maslikov Sergei J.
Published: August 2021

Experts studying antique astronomic instruments are well aware of a small class of so-called portable sundials from the Roman Empire. Over the past few decades, they have been considered in several important publications, including a recent book by Richard J. A. Talbert, in which he systematized the available information. Talbert and earlier J. V. Field described eight portable sundials of a “geographical” type, dating from about 2nd–4th centuries. Five are inscribed in Greek, the other three in Latin. The list of Greek dials also contains a dial from Memphis, information about which has been very scarce so far. Some authors even considered it lost. Fortunately, this instrument is stored in the collection of the State Hermitage Museum (St. Petersburg) and now we have an opportunity to study it more closely.
The Three E’s of Private Tuition in India: Expansion, Expenditure, and Effect
Authors: Jha Sanjeev Kumar
Published: August 2021

Private tuition (PT) is a common phenomenon in India. Today, it is a multi-billion U.S. dollar (USD) market and the third major contributor of household expenses in India. However, “the effect of PT on academic achievement of the students” is a subjective statement and is being questioned by its very outcomes. Literature reveals that PT has neither a “positive” nor a “null” effect on an individual’s learning. However, assertively, we can conclude that PT comes with a baggage of “toxic by-products” for mainstream education. It necessitates implementing a regulatory mechanism for PT. Nevertheless, institutions need to extend additional support.
Racial and Ethnic Disparities: Essential Workers, Mental Health, and the Coronavirus Pandemic
Authors: Grooms Jevay , Ortega Alberto , Rubalcaba Joaquin A.-A. , Vargas Edward
Published: August 2021

Evidence is emerging of the pandemic disproportionately impacting communities of color. This study investigates mental health distress among essential workers during the coronavirus pandemic across race and ethnicity. We evaluate individual responses to the patient health questionnaire and general anxiety disorder questionnaire using a unique, nationally representative data set. Our findings suggest that essential healthcare workers reported the highest rates of mental health distress at the beginning of the coronavirus pandemic. However, when evaluated across race and ethnicity, we find that Black essential healthcare workers disproportionately report symptoms of anxiety; while, Hispanic essential healthcare workers disproportionately report symptoms of depression. Additionally, we find that being a Black or Hispanic essential nonhealthcare worker is associated with higher levels of distress related to anxiety and depression. These findings highlight the additional dimensions to which Black and Hispanic Americans may be disproportionately affected by the coronavirus pandemic. Furthermore, it calls into question how the essential worker classification, compounded by US unemployment policies, is potentially amplifying the mental health distress experienced by workers.
Ralstonia mannitolilytica sepsis in neonatal intensive care unit – Be(a)ware of the multidrug resistant nosocomial bug
Authors: Rajendran Usha Devi , Sundaramoorthy Subha , Sethuraman Giridhar
Published: August 2021

Ralstonia mannitolilytica, an emerging opportunistic pathogen is rarely isolated in neonatal units. We have elaborated our experience of managing its recent septic outbreak affecting four neonates in our intensive care unit over a span of five days. Three of the four had extremely low birth weight and had secondary clinical deterioration in the form of recurrent apnoea requiring intubation. All had thrombocytopenia. Their median age at clinical deterioration was 8 (4–12) days. The organism was multidrug resistant, but uniformly sensitive to flouroquinolones and co-trimoxazole, on which all recovered. Environmental samples were negative for the organism. There were no further positive cases. Early recognition and appropriate choice of drug will aid in fast recovery.
Bureaucracies Under Judicial Control? Relational Discretion in the Implementation of Immigration Detention in Swiss Cantons
Authors: Miaz Jonathan , Achermann Christin
Published: August 2021

Based on interviews with bureaucrats and judges in several Swiss cantons, this article analyzes how bureaucrats decide to order immigration detention and how the judicial review shapes their decisions. The authors argue that discretionary decision-making regarding immigration detention is structured by the web of relationships in which decision-makers are embedded and affected by the practices of other street-level actors. The varying cantonal configurations result in heterogenous bureaucratic practices that affect the profiles and numbers of persons being detained. In particular, differences in judges’ interpretation of legal principles, as well as in their expectations, strongly affect bureaucratic decisions.
The Decline of Small Cities: Increased Competition from External Shopping Malls or Long-Term Negative Trends?
Authors: Daunfeldt Sven-Olov , Mihaescu Oana , Rudholm Niklas
Published: August 2021

We use the entry of 17 external shopping malls in Sweden to investigate how they have affected the performance of incumbent firms located in the city centres of small cities. Estimating a traditional fixed effects regression model while controlling for firm-specific heterogeneity, we find that entry by external shopping malls decreased the labour productivity of incumbent firms in city centres by 5.31%. Revenues decrease by 6.62%, while the reduction in the number of employees (0.45%) is small and not significantly different from zero. However, using time-specific fixed effects to control for common time trends in retailing in small cities, we find that the impact on labour productivity, revenues and the number of employees due to the entry of external shopping malls becomes insignificant. Thus, incumbent firms in small cities have a negative development path mainly due to long-term economic trends, possibly because of the combination of urbanization effects and a lack of local investments.
The Effects of an Electronic Daily Behavior Report Card on Student’s Challenging Behavior
Authors: Riden Benjamin S. , Taylor Jonté C. , Scheeler Mary Catherine , Lee David L. , McCloskey Andrea V.
Published: August 2021

An ABAB reversal design was utilized to examine the effects of an electronic daily behavior report card (eDBRC) on non-compliant, off-task, and disruptive classroom behaviors of a 16-year-old with autism spectrum disorder and a 17-year-old with an intellectual disability. The intervention was implemented by two preservice teachers (interventionists) in their final student teaching requirement. In addition to visual analysis procedures, effect sizes (i.e., Tau-U) were calculated. The research questions were: (1) What are the effects of eDBRCs on participants’ disruptive and challenging classroom behaviors, (2) To what extent do preservice teachers implement eDBRCs with fidelity, and (3) Are eDBRCs a socially valid intervention? Upon completion of our study the eDBRC was effective in reducing non-compliant, off-task, and disruptive behaviors. We found that preservice special educators can implement a complex behavior intervention to support the outcomes of their learners during the student teaching experience. Additionally, we suggest eDBRCs are an acceptable intervention for students with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disabilities.
Educator Knowledge and Implementation of Assistive Technology to Support Challenging Behaviors: An Exploratory Inquiry
Authors: Emerling Christopher R. , Wilkinson Sarah , Maggin Daniel M.
Published: August 2021

Emerging trends and advancements in technology allow educators to develop dynamic learning environments to support their students’ academic and behavioral needs. The study documented the lived experience of special educators using assistive technology (AT) to support behavioral challenges in students with disabilities and the environmental factors that support educator’s use of AT. Fifteen educators who worked in K–12 schools participated in semi-structured interviews and completed a researcher-developed Assistive Technology Treatment Integrity Checklist (ATTIC). This exploratory study indicated that participants had limited experiences using AT to target challenging behaviors. However, participants used technology to support evidence-based interventions or customized instructional technologies to manage students’ needs. Our findings also indicated that school structures impacted AT-related attitudes and eventual use. The findings from this study add to the literature on technology supports for students with challenging behaviors. Implications for practice and future research are also discussed.
A single-center experience with giant cell tumors of sphenoid bone and clivus
Authors: Yaprak Bayrak Büşra , Özcan Emre , Vural Çiğdem , Emengen Atakan , Çabuk Burak , Ceylan Savaş
Published: August 2021

Objective:

To present pathologic, clinical, and treatment findings for giant cell tumors (GCTs) of sphenoid bone and clivus.

Methods:

We describe the optimal treatment algorithm in patients with a histopathologic diagnosis of bone GCT by presenting the effects of denosumab treatment in both pediatric and adult patients with GCT undergoing endoscopic transnasal surgery. Clinicopathologic correlation is crucial for the differential diagnosis of GCT and the choice of treatment modality.

Conclusion:

GCT of bone is a local aggressive tumor that accounts for about 3%–7% of all bone tumors. GCTs located in the cranium are extremely uncommon neoplasms. There are no defined guidelines for the treatment of GCTs in skull base. Following surgical resection of the tumor, the addition of denosumab treatments to radiotherapy has a significant role in preventing the recurrence of GCT and in promoting regression of residual tumor size.
Curation of manuscripts in the tropical savanna climate of north-eastern India
Authors: Bhattacharjee Sudip
Published: August 2021

The tropical savanna climate of north-eastern India has special features due to the region’s alternative weather and geographical location. There are more than 50,000 rare manuscripts stored in different manuscript preservation centres in this region. The National Mission for Manuscripts has taken many initiatives to preserve these manuscripts, including digitization. However, no significant changes related to the physical condition of the manuscripts have been observed. Most of the manuscripts are deteriorating naturally due to improper care. The process of the deterioration of manuscripts due to the effects of the environment, weather and climate can be minimized by taking appropriate measures. This article discusses the status of the physical condition of the manuscripts in this region along with the effects of climate and weather. It also discusses the need for special care of the manuscripts in this geographical location with simple preventive measures or techniques.
Safety Performance Assessment of Connected Vehicles in Mitigating the Risk of Secondary Crashes: A Driving Simulator Study
Authors: Gaweesh Sherif M. , Khoda Bakhshi Arash , Ahmed Mohamed M.
Published: August 2021

Traffic crashes can be divided into primary and secondary crashes. Secondary crashes occur as a consequence of primary crashes within their spatiotemporal distances. Secondary crashes comprise nearly 20% of all crashes and 18% of fatal crashes, in which they can possibly have a higher crash severity than the primary crash. Interstate-80 in Wyoming is a major rural corridor with a high freight traffic volumes. The Federal Highway Administration selected Wyoming in which to deploy connected vehicle (CV) technology with a focus on commercial truck safety. Distress and rerouting applications were among the suite of CV pilot applications. Very few studies have investigated the safety performance of CVs in mitigating the risk of secondary crashes on heavy trucks, more specifically under adverse weather conditions. This study filled this gap by conducting a driving simulator experiment to assess the effectiveness of CV distress and rerouting applications in mitigating the effects of secondary crashes. A total of 23 truck drivers were recruited to this study. The analysis was conducted on the vehicle kinematics obtained from the driving simulator. A CV and a nonCV scenario were designed to compare the participants’ driving behavior under adverse weather conditions. The results showed that the tested CV applications succeeded in enhancing driving behaviors by reducing the operating speed as well as the speed variation, and all the participants avoided a secondary crash in the CV environment. In addition, the distress notification coupled with the road closure reduced the average operating speed by 26% from the provided speed limit.
Measuring Early Childhood Mathematical Cognition: Validating and Equating Two Forms of the Research-Based Early Mathematics Assessment
Authors: Dong Yixiao , Clements Douglas H. , Day-Hess Crystal A. , Sarama Julie , Dumas Denis
Published: August 2021

Psychometric work with young children faces the particular challenge that children’s attention spans are relatively short, and therefore, shorter assessments are required while retaining comprehensive coverage. This article reports on three empirical studies that encompass the development and validation of the research-based early mathematics assessment-short form (REMA-SF), an instrument that measures the early mathematical competency of children from 3 to 8 years of age. The developed measure captures both children’s mathematical performance and the strategies children use to solve math problems. Results indicated that the REMA-SF can produce valid scores for measuring children’s math skills in early childhood, and the validity of the measure can be well-generalized to an external (or independent) sample. Additionally, we also equated the REMA scores between the long and short forms of the assessment: anchor items common across the forms were selected and refined in the equating process.
Familiarity as a Practical Sense of Place
Authors: Felder Maxime
Published: August 2021

Familiarity is an elusive concept, capturing what we know intimately and what we only recognize from having seen before. This article aims to disambiguate these interpretations by proposing a sociological conceptualization of familiarity as a dynamic relationship to the world that develops over time and through experience and that allows one to progressively disattend from what appears as “usual.” Focusing on how urban environments and their human entities become familiar and stop being familiar, I propose that familiarity be thought of as an ongoing relational and interactional achievement, allowing us to focus on our daily activities while relying on a practical knowledge of our surroundings. The conceptualization process unfolds via five questions: What is familiarity? Where does it come from? What threatens it? What does it produce? How can it be operationalized and studied empirically?
Help From a Friend: Helicopter Parenting Predicts Empathy and Bystander Intervention
Authors: Hayes Katey , Turner Lisa A.
Published: August 2021

Harassment toward others happens in many contexts with a myriad of negative impacts on victims, witnesses, and society. Although preventing harassment of others is ideal, it is also important to consider how bystanders may react in ways to defend the victim and reduce the harassment. Bystanders differ in their reactions to these events and the goal of this investigation is to better understand individual differences in college students’ reported tendency to defend victims of harassment. We proposed a mediation model where higher rates of helicopter parenting would predict lower empathic concern and greater personal distress. In turn, lower empathic concern and greater personal distress would predict lower likelihood of defending the victim. College students ( n = 305) completed self-report measures of helicopter parenting, empathic concern, personal distress, and bystander intervention to general harassment. Using the Hayes PROCESS program, we found the relation of helicopter parenting to bystander intervention was mediated by empathic concern, such that helicopter parenting predicted lower empathic concern, which predicted lower likelihood of intervening. Helicopter parenting predicted greater personal distress, but personal distress did not predict bystander intervention. In an exploratory analysis, we tested a moderated mediation model in which personal distress moderated the relation of empathic concern to bystander intervention. The moderated mediation model was statistically significant; for students with low to moderate personal distress, empathic concern predicted self-reported intervention. However, for students high in personal distress, empathic concern was not related to self-reported intervention. The current study explained a small amount of the variance in bystander intervention. These findings demonstrate the complex family and personal factors that may explain, to a small degree, individual differences in bystander intervention. Further studies should consider the complex contextual variables that may influence this relationship.
The Effects of Exposure to Domestic Violence on Sleep Among Urban Adults
Authors: Schober Daniel J. , Shrestha Susana , Bishop-Royse Jessica C.
Published: August 2021

Purpose:

Domestic violence contributes to poor health including sleep disruptions, which has been associated with risk for chronic conditions and ultimately, premature mortality. The present study examined the effects of ever witnessing domestic violence on sleep among urban neighborhoods of color.

Design:

Cross-sectional.

Setting:

Ten of Chicago’s 77 community areas.

Participants:

Adults, aged 18 years and older (N = 1,543, Response Rate = 28.4%). Over 49% of participants reported a Hispanic ethnicity, 34.8 percent reported being non-Hispanic Black and 14.2 percent reported being White.

Measures:

We used the Sinai Community Health Survey, 2.0, to examine: average hours of sleep in a 24-hour period, ever witnessing domestic violence, ever being emotionally or physically abused, frequent stress in the past 12 months, and other key covariates (race and ethnicity, annual household income, sex, and health status).

Analysis:

Multivariate logistic regression.

Results:

In the full model, participants who reported witnessing domestic violence were significantly less likely to report meeting sleep recommendations even after controlling for ever being emotionally or physically abused, frequently feeling stress, demographic factors, and health status. Non-Hispanic Blacks were most likely to report not meeting sleep recommendations (OR = .54, 95% CI = .30-.96, P = .036).

Conclusion:

Witnessing domestic violence contributes to not meeting sleep recommendations and this appears to be most salient for Non-Hispanic Blacks. These point-in-time findings document an important potential contributor to racial health disparities.
Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative Breastfeeding Outcomes in Mothers with COVID-19 Infection During the First Weeks of the Pandemic in Spain
Authors:   Neo-COVID-19 Research Group:, Marín Gabriel Miguel A , Domingo Comeche Laura , Cuadrado Pérez Irene , Reyne Vergeli Mar , Forti Buratti Azul , Royuela Vicente Ana , Olabarrieta Arnal Iciar , Sánchez Laura , Alonso Díaz Clara , Criado Enrique , Carrizosa Molina Tamara , Caserío Carbonero Sonia , Casas Satre Cristina , Fernández-Cañadas Morillo Aurora , de Alba Concepción , de las Heras Susana , Martínez Lucía , Villar Gema , Solé Laia , Llana Isabel , Palanca Inmaculada , Álvarez Blanca , Dacosta Ana Isabel , Rivero Irene , Río Ruth del , González Ersilia , Dip María Emilia , Olza Ibone
Published: August 2021

Background:

Adherence to the Ten Steps of the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative has been shown to have a protective role for the initiation and maintenance of breastfeeding.

Research Aims:

(1) To determine the breastfeeding rate during the first 6 months of life in children of mothers diagnosed with COVID-19 infection at the time of birth; and (2) to assess the possible influence of being born in a center with Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative accreditation.

Methods:

This was a two-group comparative longitudinal observational study of infants born to mothers with COVID-19 at the time of birth, between March 13–May 31, 2020 (the first wave of the pandemic) in Spain. Fourteen Spanish hospitals participated, five (35.7%) were Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative accredited. Type of feeding was assessed prospectively at discharge, 1, 3, and 6 months of age. A total of 248 newborns were included in the study.

Results:

A total of 117 (47.3%) newborns were born in Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) accredited centers. These centers applied skin-to-skin contact with greater probability ( OR = 1.9; 95% CI [1.18, 3.29]) and separated the newborns from their mothers less frequently ( OR = 0.46; 95% CI [0.26, 0.81]) than non-accredited centers. No differences were observed in relation to the presence of a companion at the time of birth. At discharge, 49.1% ( n = 57) of newborns born in BFHI-accredited centers received exclusive breastfeeding versus 35.3% ( n = 46) in non-accredited centers ( p = .03). No differences were observed in breastfeeding rates throughout follow-up.

Conclusions:

The exclusive breastfeeding rate at discharge in children of mothers with COVID-19 infection at birth was higher in Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative accredited centers, which most frequently applied skin-to-skin contact at birth as well as rooming-in.
Triple-blend of classroom instruction, online facilitation and external exposure: Outcomes and challenges
Authors: Wong Teik Aun , Cheah Wei Chieh
Published: August 2021

This study examines the practice, outcomes and challenges of a “triple-blend” approach which combines the components of classroom instruction, online facilitation and external exposure. Examining this pedagogical approach provides guidance for improving the delivery of teaching and learning. The study takes a multiple case study approach, employing action research methodology. The authors are practicing lecturers and the five cases, drawn from a private institution of higher education in Penang, Malaysia, have an average of 13.8 students, comprise undergraduate and postgraduate classes, and cover business, social science and humanities disciplines. Quantitative and qualitative comparisons are made between student cohorts. Students’ behavior and performance are tracked using an online learning management system. The findings reveal that the deployment of the triple-blend approach on aggregate produces positive outcomes in terms of student engagement and performance. However, there are instances of negative outcomes, suggesting that other factors are at play apart from the choice of pedagogical approach. Discussion of the challenges in deploying this approach shows that the process is far from homogenous. Nonetheless, the overall perspective indicates a positive relationship between the triple-blend approach and positive teaching and learning outcomes. This study provides guidance for teachers on deployment challenges and best practices.