bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
General Perspectives for Management of Animal Facilities during Pandemics or Similar Crisis: A Review
Authors: Hirkani H. , Korlekar P.N. , Kohale K.N.
Published: May 2022

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has brought to light a glaring issue faced by the research laboratories housing and experimenting on animals. As humans become more empathetic towards the welfare of animals, regulatory and ethical considerations surrounding the experimentation carried out on them has now become a major responsibility of these organizations and facilities. They need to ensure that animal wellbeing is not compromised at any time. To warrant this, especially in epidemics, a contingency plan needs to be put in place. In government organizations, the authorities from the top to the individual personnel working at the various facilities need to work hand-in-hand to allow these plans to be executed well. The plans, tediously put together, include risk assessment, mitigation of the risk as well as recovering from the adversity. Emphasizing on the underlying responsibilities of the government, the institutions and the facilities, which include various approvals, online meetings, transport of essentials goods, personnel trainings, stocking up essentials, etc. is essential. The disaster management plan for epidemics that provides guidelines on how to cope up with the situation during crisis, recuperate and restart the routine activities once things resume as per normal would be highly useful. This would secure animal care, welfare as well as the interests of the researchers working on these animals. This review article aims to describe a disaster management plan for handling similar situation if arise in future.
Instability in Production and Productivity of Horticultural Crops in Assam
Authors: Bhuyan Debajit , Kotoky Ankita
Published: May 2022

Background: Horticultural crops in Assam play a significant role in contributing towards overall agricultural production of the state. During last two decades, the production of horticultural crops in the state has increased steadily but only a few studies were found on horticultural sector particularly. So, the present study examines the growth and instability in production, productivity and area of horticultural crops in Assam. It also analyzed different factors contributing towards production of horticultural crops in the state and nation. Methods: The study is totally based on the secondary sources of data. Various statistical techniques like exponential growth rate, Karl Pearson correlation coefficient etc., are used to examine growth and instability. However, instability is estimated with the help of Cuddy Della Valle index. Result: The study showed that production and productivity of horticultural crops increased over the period, but, there is instability in production, productivity and area at both state and national level. On the other hand, there is a high positive correlation found between area and production of horticultural crops. Regarding the contribution towards production of horticulture in Assam and in India, area and productivity of horticulture have found high impact respectively.
Combined Application of Trichoderma longibrachiatum T(SP)-20 and Trichoderma asperellum T(AR)-10 in the Management of Stem Rot of Groundnut
Authors: Ayyandurai M. , Akila R. , Manonmani K. , Mini M.L. , Vellaikumar S. , Brindhadevi S. , Theradimani M.
Published: May 2022

Background: Sclerotium rolfsii is a soil borne notorious pathogen widely affecting pulses, vegetables, oil seeds, flowers and ornamentals recording high yield loss. In groundnut it causes stem rot. The current study is focused towards management of S. rolfsii using combined application of Trichoderma spp. under field condition. Methods: Twenty-five isolates of Trichoderma spp. were screened initially against the stem rot pathogen through dual culture method. The effective Trichoderma spp. again assessed by agar well diffusion method and their secondary metabolites were identified using GC-MS. Result: From the 25 isolates, T. longibrachiatum and T. asperellum were inhibitory to the growth of S. rolfsii. The isolate T(SP)-20 of T. longibrachiatum showed 84.44% inhibition of mycelial growth of pathogen followed by T(AR)-10 of T. asperellum (75.55%). The major compounds present in GC-MS analysis of T. longibrachiatum and T. asperellum are 2-Tricosenoic acid (3.29%), Hexadecane (3.12%) and Phenol (27.18%), 2, 6, 10-Trimethyltridecane (3.44%) respectively. At field level combined application of effective T. longibrachiatum and T. asperellum excelled well in reducing stem rot disease incidence (82.67%) when compared to individual species.
Waste management education: A driven concern for the academic community
Authors: Gbadeyanka Gbadebo Edward
Published: May 2022

The current research aimed to evaluate waste management education-related articles – in which a total of 172 articles were identified. At the same time, 70 articles were mainly connected to the research topic and considered high-rated journals as a database for the study. Consequently, qualitative content analyses of the articles were done manually and by analyzing the search results system. The content analysis results revealed the trend of the article's publication yearly theoretically, practically, and methodologically. The analysis disclosed less attention and emphasis given to 3Rs and landfill according to the percentage rating of 66 related articles on waste management education. Thus, the essence of waste reduction and waste education needs to be reinforced among various waste generators. This study significantly upon the ground of conclusion, calls for more papers and further research from various academic communities in context.
Keywords: Academic Communities; Education; Landfill; Management; Waste; 3Rs (Reduce, Recycle and Re-use waste).
Implementation of a process for the treatment of hydrocarbon-contaminated soil using petroleum production water
Authors: Haj Ali Wajdi Ibn , El Gharbi Hassan , Aloulou Fatma , Gogoi Subrata Borgohain , Kallel Monem
Published: May 2022

Oil-Pipeline and Oil-Well accidents, and leaky underground storage Oil-tanks can all permanently contaminate massive areas of soil, making them economically useless as well as dangerous to the human health, biological resources, and ecosystems. There are many method of treatment of these contaminated soil by hydrocarbons [1]: stabilization/solidification, bioremediation [2], incineration, soil washing, etc. The present work focuses on the treatment of the contaminated soil by the hydrocarbons with soil washing process using oilfield producedwater (PW). The methodological approach consists of researching the optimum conditions of soil washing based on the optimum of moisture’sparametersbetween PW and contaminated soil such as Liquid/Solid ratio and Liquid/Solid contact time. Another parameter was analysed, it is the successive wash test. The contaminated soil before applying the treatment has 1900 ppm of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH). After many washing test, the optimum parameters of test were fixed as follow: The optimum of Liquid/Solid ratio was 100 ml / 100 g and the optimum of Liquid/Solid contact time was 5 minutes.With these optimum conditions and after 4 successive soil washing, we succeeded to reduce the percentage of residual TPH in contaminated soil from 1,9%(1900 ppm) to 0,1% (100 ppm).
Keywords:Petroleum industry, Produced Water (PW), Contaminated soil, Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH), Soil washing.
Ecolodge en Urubamba
Authors:   , Luna Castilla Rocío Aracely
Published: May 2022

El objetivo de este documento, que sustenta el trabajo de tesis titulado “Ecolodge en Urubamba”, es explicar los conceptos utilizados en el desarrollo de este proyecto y el proceso por el cual se llegó al resultado obtenido. El proyecto desarrollado en esta tesis es un ecolodge (establecimiento de hospedaje que se desarrolla en un ambiente natural). La finalidad de la arquitectura debería ser adaptarse al medio ambiente inmediato teniendo en consideración las características del usuario y las del medio ambiente a intervenir, buscando aprovechar en lo posible todos los factores positivos que brinda la naturaleza. Todo esto no sería posible de llevar a cabo ni plasmar en el proyecto propuesto sin llevar a cabo una investigación sobre la arquitectura bioclimática (relación arquitectura – medio ambiente), para luego poder crear una estrategia de diseño que nos llevarán al producto final. Además, un punto muy importante fue el análisis de los antecedentes históricos de la arquitectura del lugar, ya que de estos se sacaron los conceptos a utilizar en el proyecto. Asimismo, existe la preocupación tanto por su entorno histórico como natural. También, se buscará una reinterpretación de la arquitectura cusqueña (inca/colonial) no buscando una copia literal sino revalorando algunos elementos de este tipo de arquitectura para el entorno actual; representada por estos. Finalmente, con la propuesta de este ecolodge se pretende además difundir un nuevo tipo de turismo en el Perú (ecoturismo), que combine el confort con la naturaleza.
Yetişkin Bireylerde Ölüm Algısının Manevi İyi Oluş Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: AYHAN Didem , SEKİ ÖZ Hilal
Published: May 2022

Küreselleşen dünyada insanlığın iç huzura ve özün değerine duyduğu ihtiyaç, manevi iyi oluş kavramının önemini artırmıştır. Tanımlayıcı tipte yapılan bu araştırma ile ölüme verilen anlamın manevi iyi oluşa etkisini incelemek amaçlanmış ve 523 yetişkin birey araştırmaya katılmıştır. Veriler Sosyodemografik Veri Formu, Ölümün Kişisel Anlamları Ölçeği ve Manevi İyi Oluş Ölçeği ile çevirim içi olarak toplanmıştır. Yapılan lojistik regresyon analizinde manevi iyi oluş puanının yordanmasında Yok Olma faktörü puanındaki bir puanlık artış 0,91 kat, Ölüm Sonrası Hayat faktörü puanındaki bir puanlık artış 1,38 kat, yaştaki bir birimlik artış 1,06 kat artış sağlamaktadır. Ayrıca çalışanlarda çalışmayanlara göre manevi iyi oluş 1,66 kat artmaktadır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre ölümden sonra hayatın varlığına inanmanın, ileri yaşın ve çalışmanın manevi iyi oluşu artırdığı, ölümü yok olma olarak algılamanın manevi iyi oluşu azalttığı söylenebilir.
A Study on the Improvement of Mooring Configuration through Mooring Safety Assessment for Passenger Ship Berth
Authors: Kim Daegun , Kang Eun-Ji , Cho Ik-Soon
Published: May 2022

Most of the domestic car ferries departing from Jeju Port in Korea were replaced through the construction of new ships or the introduction of new used ships starting in 2018 after the Sewol Ferry accident. Amid this trend of ship replacement, the size of passenger ship has also become larger than in the past to increase passenger sales and cargo transportation profits, but the passenger ship berth configuration at Jeju Port have not improved significantly. In this study, the current status of passenger ships at Jeju Port was investigated, and a mooring safety assessment was conducted on car ferries exceeding the design berth capacity of the pier. Risk factors of the target ship were identified through mooring safety assessment. Through the sensitivity analysis of each improvement plan, a plan to improve mooring configuration was proposed and its effect was confirmed. As a result, the in case of Arion Jeju which is berthed at No. 2 pier, improvement plan scenario case 1 to 4 from the operator’s perspective did not secure the mooring safety due to the problem of exceeding maximum traction force with the size of the mooring post. However in case of scenario case 5 of the improvement plan through the additional installation of High Height Bitt, it was analyzed that a load of about 23% or less of the breaking strength of all lines acts on the mooring line and the load of 44% or less of the maximum traction force of the mooring post acts that the mooring safety was evaluated to be secured. The results of this study are expected to be used as reference materials for the establishment of safe passenger ship berth mooring configuration and the development of guidelines for mooring a car ferry.
A focused review on recent advances in diagnosis and management of fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Aryan Mahmoud , Forrister Nicholas , Panchani Nishah , Vashi Bijal , Chowdhury Zahara , Mejbel Haider A. , Shoreibah Mohamed
Published: May 2022

Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FHCC) is a rare primary malignancy of the liver for which data remain limited. This tumor is more often diagnosed in younger patient populations in the absence of underlying cirrhosis and hepatitis. These lesions can be diagnosed on computed tomography scan or magnetic resonance imaging with common findings including central calcifications, a central stellate scar, and radiating fibrotic bands. Laboratory markers have not proved useful for diagnosis; however, pathologic analysis can be implemented to aid in diagnosis with findings including ample granular eosinophilic cytoplasm, nuclei with open chromatin and prominent macronuclei, hyaline and pale bodies, and dense lamellar fibrosis that divides the cells into cords or trabeculae. FHCC demonstrates aggressive malignant potential with nodal spread. Treatment patterns have remained mainly surgical; however, systemic therapies have been implemented and are under further investigation with clinical trials. Locoregional therapies and radiation therapies have been trialed sparingly. In this focused review, we discuss the most up-to-date perspective on epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic approach, differential diagnosis, treatment regimens, prognosis, and future directions of FHCC.
The role of minimally invasive surgery in the treatment of HCC
Authors: Cassese Gianluca , Han Ho-Seong , Lee Boram , Lee Hae Won , Cho Jai Young , Troisi Roberto
Published: May 2022

Liver surgery is the first-line treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Minimally invasive liver resection (MILS) has become an attractive option thanks to reduced intraoperative blood losses, shortened length of hospital stay, and similar oncological outcomes when compared to open liver resection. Nonetheless, the safety of MILS is still debated in challenging situations, such as in cirrhotic patients, difficult tumor locations, multiple or large tumors, and repeat resection. The aim of this review is to discuss current indications of laparoscopic liver resection for HCC treatment in the light of its outcomes, focusing on technical aspects of minimally invasive anatomic liver resection and state of the art of MILS in challenging situations.
Computer-aided quality assessment (CAQ): the next step for artificial intelligence in colonoscopy?
Authors: Barua Ishita , Bretthauer Michael , Mori Yuichi
Published: May 2022

Recent developments and breakthroughs in artificial intelligence (AI) for colonoscopy have the potential to improve the quality of colonoscopy. Computer-aided detection for colorectal polyps has been shown to increase the adenoma detection rate by more than 10%. Furthermore, recently developed computer-aided quality assessment (CAQ) systems, such as real-time withdrawal speed monitoring, are expected to provide additional gain in colonoscopy practice. However, the added clinical value of combining AI techniques is uncertain. This paper provides an overview of the latest evidence on CAQ systems and identifies knowledge gaps that need to be filled before widespread implementation.
Comparison of Rough Sets and Local Rough Sets in Data Analysis
Authors: Özcan A. Fatih , Beydağı M. Mustafa , Içen Ilhan
Published: May 2022

As it is well known the rough set is a beneficial method for rough data uncertainty analysis. However, this is a time-
consuming task for many big data sets. So we utilized the concept of local rough sets in data analysis of children addicted to social
media to handle big data efficiently and give some of the properties. With the results, we proved that local rough sets gave more concrete
and clear information than rough sets in data analysis.
A CASE STUDY OF STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS ON REWARD AND PUNISHMENT GIVEN BY THEIR ENGLISH TEACHER
Authors: Nurhuda Anisa Toharoh , Wardani Erna , Asriyama Weksa Fradita
Published: May 2022

This research generally deals with reward and punishment in English teaching. It is mainly concerned with (1) the types of reward and punishment often given by English teachers, (2) students’ perceptions on reward and punishment given by their English teacher, (3) students’ feedback on reward and punishment given by their English teacher. The data were collected using questionnaire, interview, and observation. The data analysis was performed through the selection and transcription of the data related to the research objectives. The data were then presented descriptively. The results of this research indicate that (1) 80% of the students mention that the types of reward and punishment often given by their English teacher are praise, tribute, recommendation and commands, and notice, (2) 84% of the students claim that reward and punishment are important in English teaching, and based on the students’ feedback, (3) 76% of the students become more motivated in learning after receiving reward and punishment given by their English teacher. These findings suggest that reward and punishment has a significant effect on building up students’ motivation to learn and upgrading their academic achievement (grades).
AN EXPLORATIVE STUDY ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING (PBL) IN TEACHING READING
Authors: Fathurrohman Burhan , Adiarti Dian , Purwati Tuti
Published: May 2022

This research explores the implementation of problem-based learning (PBL), aspects of PBL, and teacher’s and students’ perceptions about PBL. This research was conducted at SMA Negeri 2 Cilacap, taking 34 tenth grade students as the sample from X IPS 1 and an English teacher as a participant. The data were collected using observation, questionnaires, and interviews. The data were analysed using Miles and Huberman’s (1984) four types of analytical activity and presented descriptively. The result shows that the implementation of PBL in on the chosen sample is in line with the stages of PBL implementation entailing: 1) the teacher organizes the students to a problem, 2) the teacher organizes the students to learn, 3) the teacher as the participant helps the independent inquiry and groups, 4) the teacher helps the students develop and present the work, and 5) the teacher analyses and evaluates the problem-solving process. Then, the analysis of the aspects of PBL suggests such things as 1) the problem as the point in PBL, 2) the students’ discussion activities, 3) the teacher’s help in students’ discussion, 4) the students’ activeness, and 5) the teacher’s and students’ perception about PBL in reading skill. The teacher positively thinks that the materials in reading skills match with the PBL teaching model.  It was found that PBL leads the students to discuss and train their activeness, ability to learn to solve problems, share ideas, and work cooperatively in a group. Another finding also denotes that they think that PBL is one interesting model which can support them to understand the text, because students can get insight from their friends and their teacher when having discussion.
USING THE COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE TEACHING METHOD TO IMPROVE THE STUDENTS’ ENGLISH SPEAKING FLUENCY
Authors: Ayulisjati Rachma , Kariadi Mustasyfa Thabib , Sulistio Prayogo Hadi
Published: May 2022

The research entitled “Using the Communicative Language Teaching Method to Improve the Students’ English Speaking Fluency” aims to examine the implementation of CLT method in the classroom, figure out the students’ improvement in English speaking fluency, and reveal the influencing factors after the implementation of CLT method. This research used the quasi experimental design. The subjects of this research were the eleventh grade students of SMAN 4 Purwokerto in the academic year of 2019/2020. The population was 340 students divided into 10 classes. The samples of this research were two classes: XI MIPA 1 as the experimental group and XI MIPA 3 as the control group. The data were collected from observations, questionnaires, and tests. The result of this research shows that the implementation of CLT method was successful. It can be seen from the observation sheet that the teacher followed the implementation of CLT method, such as the teacher had prepared the materials well; the materials were approved by the teacher which based on the syllabus and curriculum; the teacher clearly gave the instructions; the teacher asked the students to speak freely, encouraged the students to speak in English, fully spoke in English, and provided the appropriate tasks to improve the students’ speaking fluency. Furthermore, the students’ English speaking fluency has improved. It means that the implementation of CLT method has significant effect that the alternative hypothesis (Hi) is accepted. The result of questionnaires and observations show that the factors influencing the implementation of CLT method were cognitive, linguistic, and affective factors.
AN ANALYSIS OF CONVERSATION STRUCTURE IN LITTLE BIG SHOT AMERICA
Authors: Amalia Aji Rizki
Published: May 2022

Conversation analysis is used to analyze conversation among people. It can be done from the point of view of conversational structure and also part of conversation. This mini research focuses on the conversational structure and strategy used in conversation. Two main focuses on the research are global structure and Local structure. Global structure is overall organization of conversation, which is opening, body and closing. Local structure consists of the use of turn-taking strategy, the existence of adjacency pairs and how the speakers give feedback. The object of the study is talent talk show Little Big Shot America, in season 1, episode 1. There were many researches about conversation analysis with TV show as the object study. But this study is different because the show involves kids as the guest. It leads to the result that many strategies used in conversation different from the strategy which involves both adults as the speaker and audience. Although there are many strategies used in the show, the host mostly used Turn-claiming strategy to keep the floor and to let the kids “return” to the turn that they are engaged. It happened because kids often move from one turn to another, jumping from one topic to another one.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF ANIMATION VIDEOS FOR TEACHING ENGLISH INTEGRATED SKILLS FOR YOUNG LEARNERS
Authors: Pujiani Tri , Almustaflikhah Neilia
Published: May 2022

As a foreign language, English is very good to be taught from an early age because an early age is a golden age where children can understand learning material faster. However, teaching English to young learners is not easy. They are easily bored, and also easily distracted. Thus, teachers are required to provide fun and interesting learning activities. Therefore, researchers developed media in the form of animation videos to assist teachers in conveying learning to students as well as attracting their attention. This media does not only refer to vocabulary but also listening, reading, speaking, and writing. In this study, researchers used the ADDIE development model (analysis, design, development, implementation, evaluation). The data in this study were collected by observation, distributing questionnaires, and interview methods. The instruments used in collecting data are questionnaires and tests. After doing research, it is proven that by applying animation video media, the level of student learning is increasing. In conclusion, teachers are advised to apply animation videos in teaching English for young learners so that the teaching and learning process becomes effective and fun.
UV-VIS DETECTION OF SEXUAL DIFFERENTIATION MARKERS IN HYDROETHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF Vallisneria americana
Authors: Jiménez-Pérez María Concepción , Bautista-Regil Jesús , Hernández-Piedra Guadalupe , Gamboa-Angulo Marcela Gamboa-Angulo , Sánchez Alberto de Jesús , Ruiz Carrera Violeta
Published: May 2022

La sexualidad de las macrófitas dioicas sumergidas adquiere importancia para fortalecer investigaciones sobre estrés ambiental y repoblación de ecosistemas acuáticos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar biomarcadores que permitan la identificación sexual de Vallisneria americana mediante el análisis por espectrofotometría de los extractos hidroetanólicos de sus hojas o raíces. Dentro de la columna de agua de la vegetación femenina y masculina se midieron in situ los parámetros de pH, temperatura, oxígeno disuelto, conductividad, sólidos disueltos y potencial redox. Por cada morfotipo reproductivo se analizaron el número de hojas y la longitud de la hoja predominante y raíz principal en cada planta. El escaneado espectral de los extractos en el rango de 340 a 750 nm se usó tanto para comparar las longitudes de onda dominantes de los metabolitos presentes como para cuantificar clorofilas (a y b), carotenoides y antocianinas monoméricas. También se obtuvo el cociente de clorofilas. Los biomarcadores de sexualidad de esta macrófita sumergida se pueden relacionar por el contenido de los cuatro pigmentos en las hojas que fueron invariablemente altos en masculinos, mientras que las características físicas y químicas del agua y la morfología vegetativa de cada sexo fueron casi similares. Una posible influencia microalgal es descrita por la relación inversa de clorofilas en raíces y el hallazgo de ficobilinas en hojas masculinas. Los resultados ofrecen un potencial para las aplicaciones ecológicas y biotecnológicas de V. americana orientadas a la repoblación de humedales afectados por factores abióticos y bióticos.
Optimization of Bleaching Crude Palm Oil with Activated Snail Shell using Central Composite Design [CCD]
Authors: Ojewumi Modupe , Roosevelt Ezeocha
Published: May 2022

Agricultural wastes have posed as a treat to the environment over the years and they are found in large quantities due to domestic and industrial utilization of such materials in under developed and developing countries. The inability to recycle this waste has led to researches on how to use them in carrying out productive industrial activities. The aim of this study is to use Central Composite Design (CCD) to optimize the bleaching effects by snail shell as adsorbents on crude palm oil. The predictive ability of the model was close to accurate using MINITAB 19 software with the design application for the process simulation for % FFA yield to have 75.856% for experimental and 77.587% for predicted yield with just 1.731% residual. The saponification value increased with adsorption, and it indicates that palm oil can be used for soap making.
The Role of Early Life Gut Microbiota Composition in the Development of Allergic Diseases
Authors: Tuniyazi Maimaiti , Li Shuang , Hu Xiaoyu , Fu Yunhe , Zhang Naisheng
Published: May 2022

Allergic diseases are becoming a major healthcare issue in many developed nations, where living environment and lifestyle are most predominantly distinct. Such differences include urbanized, industrialized living environments, overused hygiene products, antibiotics, stationary lifestyle, and fast-food based diets tend to reduce microbial diversity and lead to impared immune protection, which further increase the development of allergic diseases. In the same time, studies also showed that modulating microbiomes can ameliorate allergic symptoms. Therefore, in this paper, we aimed to review recent findings on the potential role of the human microbiome in the gastrointestinal tract, surface of skin and respiratory tract for the development of allergic diseases. Furthermore, we addressed a potential therapeutic or even preventive strategy for such allergic diseases by modulating the human microbial composition.
An Intelligent Artificial Approach Used for Water Solar Distillation in the Algerian Sahara Area
Authors: LABBADLIA Omar , ZIRARI Mounir , CHIBA Younes , MARIF Yacine
Published: May 2022

The problem of water drinking supply is very important in the world, especially for developing countries, in particular Algeria. In this work we propose to study a distillation system based on solar energy process using an artificial intelligence approach in order to enhance the performance and the daily production. For this purpose, a conventional solar still and capillary film solar still was used. The operating parameters of the two distilleries are analyzed and the neural network approach was used to predict the performance through the amount of distillate, solar radiation and ambient temperature. The sensitivity between the operating parameters of the solar still for two case have been studied through the artificial neuron network model. The obtained results are promising, analyzed and discussed.
As falhas no registro de crianças no Censo de 1872: o caso fluminense
Authors: Pinto de Moura Filho Heitor
Published: May 2022

O Censo de 1872 apresenta relevantes incoerências demográficas nas idades infantis. Identificamos esses problemas, para as freguesias do Município Neutro e da província do Rio de Janeiro, a partir da aplicação de padrões demográficos gerais: a razão de sexo ao nascer e as proporções entre o número de anos-pessoa vividos nas primeiras idades segundo a tábua de vida Brasil 1870-1890. Ficam claras, nessa faixa etária, as inconsistências nos dados entre os sexos e em cada sexo, nas proporções relativas entre as idades. Mostramos, além disso, a grande diversidade nas formas e intensidades dessas incoerências, freguesia a freguesia. Em consequência, cremos que qualquer análise historiográfica a partir dos dados do Censo de 1872 requer o ajuste prévio dos totais publicados para as idades infantis para se tornar minimamente precisa.
Experiences of afroreferenced plural bodies in the terreiro of Candomblé
Authors: Mesquita Roseane Santos , Dias Alfrancio Ferreira
Published: May 2022

This text presents the discussion about different processes of discrimination along with plural bodies and their afro-referenced experiences present in terreiro of candomblé, where they actively resist with their existence and the plural position they assume politically and identity. In this sense, we demarcate the theoretical constructions in which bodies (transsexuals, transvestites, transgenders, women, blacks, mulattos, indigenous peoples) are activated according to their constitutive cultural, social and biological forms, according to feminist and decolonial theories, since these theoretical movements come from the daily practices carried out in the different colonized territories. In this way, as a major agenda, we contest the Eurocentric hegemony and defend freedom in its broad expression, according to the desire that each body has and is constituted, since the existence of these bodies educates us about the human and social values of cultural plurality and assumes the activist role of defending human rights in an anti-racist, anti-sexist and anti-homophobic campaign.
Flow-Based Intrusion Detection on Software-Defined Networks: A Multivariate Time Series Anomaly Detection Approach
Authors: ZAVRAK Sultan , İskefiyeli Murat
Published: May 2022

In this study, the SAnDet architecture, which can do anomaly-based intrusion detection by taking advantage of the capabilities offered by the SDN architecture, is presented and implemented as a controller application. A detailed description of this system which consists of three main modules which are statistics collector, anomaly detector, and anomaly prevention is given. More specifically, Replicator Neural Networks (RNN) which is a special variant of the autoencoder, and the EncDecAD method which is a special type of LSTM network that can produce successful results, especially in given data series, are used to identify unknown attacks using flow features collected from OpenFlow switches. In experiments, flow-based features extracted from network traffic data including different types of attacks, are given as input into models as time series. The results of the methods are calculated using the ROC and AUC metrics. Experimental results show that EncDecAD outperforms RNN. Moreover, it is demonstrated that this study has several benefits over previously conducted research.
Leaf traits and mineral contents of Rhizophora mangle L. subject to environmental pollution
Authors: Victório Cristiane Pimentel , Santos Mayara dos , Alves Guilherme , Bento João Pedro , Souza Marcelo , Arruda Rosani
Published: May 2022

Rhizophora mangle L. (Rhizophoraceae) is a halophyte from two mangroves in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro in Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. This work aimed to determine the presence of environmental contaminants in the leaf of R. mangle through morphological and chemical analyses. We collected samples in Coroa Grande mangrove (CG), near an industrial park, and Pedra de Guaratiba mangrove (PG), which is currently under threat of anthropization by domestic occupation. Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) coupled to Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed the presence of chemicals and their relative quantities in leaves. Light microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were used to examine leaf tissue. Na, Ca and Cl were found in both CG and PG. Specific leaf area was significantly lower in PG. Leaves from CG also presented the three heavy metals Mn, Zn and Cu. R. mangle presents succulent, hypostomatic leaves with dorsiventral structure. Abundant mucilage and crystals in idioblasts were observed. Slight differences in anatomical qualitative traits between leaves from both sites were detected. Leaves from CG were slightly thicker than those examined from PG, especially on main vein vascular system, and a high quantity of stomata was observed in abaxial surface of leaves from PG. Collectively, these findings indicate that R. mangle is resilient and tolerant to the environmental pollutants and presents functional traits related with saline environments; therefore, the morphoanatomical variations are probably related to abiotic factors.
Farmers’ Perception of improved Maize Varieties Adoption in Abuna Gindeberat, Ethiopia
Authors: Beyene Adunaa Amante , Abate Warkew Legesse
Published: May 2022

Generation and transfer of improved technologies to farmers believed to be critical and pre-requisites for agricultural development in Ethiopia. However the use of improved crop varieties particularly improved maize varieties has been limited by small holder farmers in the study area. The aim of this study is examining how small holder farmers perceive improved maize varieties adoption practices and with a purpose of generating information that help to understand and evaluate key challenges to adoption perception which will enhance informed decision making to improve adoption practices to increase production and productivity. This study used a three stage sampling procedure in which purposive selection of district and Kebeles were selected by using simple random sampling. Stratified sampling was employed to identify adopters and non-adopters and simple random sampling was used to select respondents. The study is based on primary data collected from 143 sample selected through interview schedule assisted survey questionnaire. Additional information was also obtained from focus group discussion, key informant interview. Qualitative data were used to substantiate the responses of questionnaire. High yield capacity, disease resistance, drought resistances, heat stresses, marketability and early maturity were the most farmer-preferred traits. Socio-demographic factors, such as gender, education level, access to extension service, farm size, livestock ownership, access to credit service influenced maize variety adoption decision. Both adopters and non-adopters perceived improved maize varieties are superior over local varieties by high yielding capacity, marketability, disease resistant, early maturity.
Microwave and ultrasonic-assisted diastereoselective synthesis of highly functionalized Spiro pyrrolidine-2,3'-thieno[2,3-d]pyridazine with microbicidal and larvicidal properties supported by DFT simulation and molecular docking
Authors: Rizk Sameh A. , Rizk Nihad A. , Abdo Abdullah M.
Published: May 2022

A novel class of Spiro-heterocyclic derivatives ( 2-6 ) can be synthesized and assessed as ecofriendly microbicidal and insecticidal activities to establish a structure-activity relationship (SAR). The synthesis was taken out through green tools of a one-pot multicomponent reaction (MCR) of β-aroyl-acrylic acid and thioglycolic acid and β-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl) ethanol. The one-pot MCR with ultrasonic and microwave-assisted irradiation was found to be a simple and efficient approach for preparing Spiro derivatives. Elemental analysis and spectroscopic data were used to describe the structures of all synthesized products. The regioselective formulation of Spiro-heterocyclic molecules is intriguing because these compounds have unique non-planar structures and a high potential for binding to biomaterials due to their inherent rigid chiral structure. The microbicidal and insecticidal pursuits of the compounds were investigated on ATCC coded test microorganisms and insect’s 3 rd instar larvae with medicinal and economically valuable, Mythimna separate and Nilaparvata lugens , correspondingly compared to the standard pesticide chlorpyrifos, a pesticide with a similar mode of action. The preliminary testing demonstrated flourishing microbicidal capability to prevent the progress of threatening pathogenic bacteria besides blossoming insecticidal efficacy. Moreover, Molecular docking plus density function theory (DFT) simulations can be expended to validate the experimental results.
HQSAR, CoMFA, CoMSIA docking studies and simulation MD on quinazolines/quinolones derivatives for DENV virus inhibitory activity
Authors: Tabti Kamal , Elmchichi Larbi , Sbai Abdelouahid , Maghat Hamid , bouachrine Mohammed , Lakhlifi Tahar
Published: May 2022

In this study, quantitative mathematical models were established to understand the relationship between a series of 26 quinazoline / quinoline derivative and their biological activity against DENV virus using 3D-QSAR and HQSAR analysis. According to the results we obtained, the models have good predictability:the HQSAR model (Q 2 = 0.82, R 2 = 0.95), the CoMFA model with Q 2 = 0.755, R 2 = 0.94 and CoMSIA with Q 2 = 0.76, R 2 = 0.930. It should be noted that all three models successfully meet all external validation criteria. Molecular docking and dynamic simulation have been employed to explain the mode of binding between the ligand and the active site of the protein, and assess, justify ligand stability in the active receptor site respectively. The results of this research provide an information base for discovering new inhibitors of DENV virus.
Artificial Intelligence in Breast Screening - Local Validation Essential
Authors: de Vries Clarisse , Colosimo Samantha , Staff Roger , Dymiter Jaroslaw , Yearsley Joseph , Dinneen Deirdre , Boyle Moragh , Harrison David , Anderson Lesley , Lip Gerald
Published: May 2022

Artificial intelligence (AI) tools may assist breast screening mammography programmes, but evidence gaps remain, including whether AI performance is consistent across sites and over time. This study used a three-year historical dataset (58,209 cases) from a UK regional screening programme with known clinical outcomes. The performance of a commercially available breast screening AI algorithm, used to recall women for further investigation, was evaluated. The AI algorithm was used with a pre-specified and a site-optimised threshold. The pre-specified threshold resulted in high recall rates (47.7%) which reduced to 13.0% following threshold optimisation, closer to the observed service level (5.0%). Stand-alone, the AI algorithm would have recalled 277/303 (91.4%) of cancers detected through the routine screening programme and 14/52 (26.9%) of cancers diagnosed between screening cycles (interval cancers). An approximately three-fold increase in recall rate was observed following a software upgrade on the mammography X-ray units. To ensure safe deployment, AI algorithm performance and decision thresholds should be validated when applied in new clinical settings. Real-time quality assurance systems will need to be in place to monitor AI performance in a clinical setting. Collectively these findings show that the generalisability of a breast screening AI algorithm is not guaranteed.
Solutions for improved hospital wide patient flows – A qualitative interview study of leading healthcare providers
Authors: Åhlin Philip , Almström Peter , Wänström Carl
Published: May 2022

Background
Hospital productivity is of great importance for patients and public health in order to achieve better availability and health outcomes. Previous research demonstrates that improvements can be reached by directing more attention to the flow of patients. There is a significant body of literature on how to improve patient flows, but these research projects rarely encompass complete hospitals. Therefore, by interviewing senior managers at the world’s leading hospitals this study aims at identifying effective solutions to enable swift patient flows across hospitals and to develop a framework to guide improvements in the hospital-wide patient flow.
Methods
This study drew on qualitative data from interviews with 33 senior managers at 18 of the world’s 25 leading hospitals, spread across 9 countries. The interviews were conducted between June 2021 and November 2021 and transcribed verbatim. A thematic analysis followed, based on inductive reasoning to identify meaningful subjects and themes.
Results
We have identified 50 solutions to efficient hospital-wide patient flows. These are together describing the importance for hospitals to: align the organization; build a coordination and transfer structure; ensure physical capacity capabilities; develop standards, checklists, and routines; invest in digital and analytical tools; improve the management of operations; optimize capacity utilization and occupancy rates; seek external solutions and policy changes.
Conclusions
Hospitals must invest in new capabilities and technologies, implement new working methods, and build a patient flow-focused culture. It is also important to strategically look at the patient’s whole trajectory of care as one unified flow that must be aligned and integrated between and across all actors, internally and externally. Hospitals need to both proactively and reactively optimize their capacity use around the patient flow to provide care for as many patients as possible and to spread the burden evenly across the organization. Lastly, this study presents a patient flow improvement framework to be used by healthcare managers, commissioners, and decision-makers when designing their strategies on how to improve their delivery of health care services to meet the needs of their patients.
Insitu synthesis of Cu-doped ZIF-8 for efficient photocatalytic water splitting
Authors: Varangane Sagar , Vennapoosa Chandra Shobha , Tiwari Amritanjali , Nataraj Sanna Kotrappanavar , Prabhu Yendrapati Taraka , Pal Ujjwal
Published: May 2022

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which have a large surface area, are gaining popularity in photocatalysis, although they have drawbacks such as little visible light response and limited carrier migration efficiency. Herein, we employed a simple metal ion exchange method to change zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) from a typical UV light to a unique broad-spectrum of visible light driven photocatalyst. In this respect, Cu2+ ions with varying loadings were integrated within the ZIF-8 framework to produce a range of Cu-doped ZIF-8 materials, and their photocatalytic activity of hydrogen production was investigated. The effect of insitu Cu+ 2 doping on boosting visible-light photocatalytic activity of ZIF-8 was investigated using a photocurrent test, electrochemical impedance spectra, photocatalytic activity tests, and photoluminescence spectroscopy measurement. These findings showed that doping of Cu+ 2 is a good technique to promote ZIF-8's visible-light photocatalytic activity, as Cu+ 2 improve visible light usage and carrier separation efficiency. Moreover, compared to pristine ZIF-8 (0.80 mmol/g/h), the photocatalytic H2 generation rate of Cu@ZIF-8 (CDZ-20) is seventeen folds high (13.9 mmol/g/h). This work shows how to make a high-effective and stable copper doped ZIFs (CDZ) photocatalyst for hydrogen evolution using a novel and easy technique.
Effects of haptic imagery on purchase intention
Authors: Inoue Yumi
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveThe COVID‑19 pandemic has increased the popularity of online shopping, and companies are looking for ways to provide consumers with experiences that online shopping cannot provide, such as touching products and imagining them in use. In this context, the importance of tactile imagery of products showcased online is increasing. This study replicated and extended Peck, Barger, & Webb's (2013) finding that haptic imagery mediates physical control and influences psychological ownership. ResultsThe present study showed that imagining touching a product increases purchase intention through the mediation of physical control and psychological ownership compared with not imagining, conceptually replicating Peck et al.’s (2013) study. This study also examined the moderated mediation effect of product involvement and showed that this mediation effect was achieved regardless of the degree of product involvement.
The effect of biosecurity measures application on the level of diseases risk in different poultry farms
Authors: Aidaros Hassan A , Hafez Eman M. , Bahgy Halla E.K. El
Published: May 2022

The development and implementation of a biosecurity plan in a poultry production enterprise, require a documented approach and scoring systems to rank biosecurity protocols and their implementation. Hence, this study was carried out to monitor some biosecurity measures applied in different poultry farms and its effect on the presence of some pathogenic bacteria, such as E. coli, Pasteurella and Campylobacter in different poultry farm's production. The obtained results showed that the highest incidence of isolated pathogenic bacteria was in the duck farms. The incidence of E.coli spp was (61%), Pasterulla spp was (18.52%) and Campylobacter spp was (43.5%) in duck farms. There was a negative relationship between the application of biosecurity measures and the isolation of pathogenic bacteria in poultry farm's production. The EaeA and Stx1 virulence genes were detected from some serotypes of E.coli; while the virulence genes pfhA and hgbB were isolated from some P. multocida serotypes. Also, the cdtB and cdtC virulence genes were recovered from Campylobacter serotypes. Finally, the biosecurity measures are essential for the success of poultry production. Indeed, biosecurity measures reduce the risk of introducing pathogens during the poultry production cycle; In addition, it reduces financial losses through decreased mortality rates and treatment costs.
The genus Arthrocladiella: a new report of powdery mildew fungi from Iran
Authors: khodaparast seyed Akbar , Darsaraei Hamideh , Abbasi Mehrdad
Published: May 2022

Arthrocladiella is a monotypic member of family Erysiphaceae (Ascomycota, Helotiales), which has only been reported from Lycium spp. (Solanaceae). Morphological data supplemented with rDNA ITS sequence confirmed that the Arthrocladiella mougeotii infects Lycium sp. in Iran. Moreover, Arthrocladiella is reported as a new genus for Iranian Mycobiota.
Focus shaping of linearly polarized pseudo-nondiffracting beam using a radial shift and a large numerical aperture
Authors: Halba E.M. El , Hennani S. , Balhamri Adil , Belafhal Abdelmajid
Published: May 2022

Based on vector Debye integral, focusing properties of linearly polarized Bessel-Gaussian beam modulated by Bessel gratings (BGMBG) combining a radial phase shift modulated spiral zone plate (RSSZP) passing through a large numerical aperture (NA) lens system are investigated. The data obtained lead that the intensity and the phase distributions in the focal section are significantly controlled by the order of the beams (m, n), the topological charge p and the shifting parameter of the RSSZP. Simulations show that by increasing the topological charge, the radius of the ring increases and that the shifting parameter has an effect on the ring size. Also, the linear polarized incident beam lost its polarization after crossing a high-numerical-aperture objective.