bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role Played by Investment in Ensuring the Development of Ukrainian Rural Areas as Tourist Destinations
Authors:   National University «Lviv Polytechnic», Dziurakh Y. M. , Kulyniak I. Y. ,   National University «Lviv Polytechnic»
Published: June 2022

Given the unsatisfactory state of rural areas development in Ukraine, tourism development becomes one of the promising ways to overcome the decline in rural areas, labor migration, and unemployment, and to increase employment among countrymen, as well as to restore and expand tourism infrastructure in rural areas, etc. However, to develop tourism in rural areas, investment should be increased by attracting new funds. The authors consider some theoretical and methodological aspects of the role played by investment to ensure that rural areas be developed as tourist destinations. The conceptual and terminological apparatus in the field of tourism has been improved, and the investment activity concept has been specified. Taking into account the fact that investment activity largely depends on both the way it is supposed to influence investment objects and on the intended goals of its implementation, the authors present a typology for investment activity forms depending on investment objects (innovation, capital construction, leasing, corporate investment), which can be implemented while ensuring the development of rural areas as tourist destinations. Based on the considered general characteristics of investment activity, its various features, available types and forms of implementation, the investment types helping to ensure the development of rural areas as tourist destinations have been classified according to the following features: income sources (and the corresponding form of ownership); investment objects; investment risk level; profitability level; level of social responsibility. Priority areas for attracting investment to develop tourism in rural areas are highlighted. Emphasis is placed on improving the tools used within the state regulation of investment activities, and the mechanism for attracting investment resources in order to develop rural tourism
Promising Areas of IT Development in the World
Authors:   esearch Centre of Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine, Khaustova V. Y. , Reshetnyak O. I. ,   esearch Centre of Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine, Khaustov M. M. ,   esearch Centre of Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine
Published: June 2022

To study promising areas of IT development is very important not only because it helps find competitive advantages for IT managers, but also because of the impact it makes on various aspects of economic activity, such as customers, clients, ecosystem, etc. The article in question is aimed at determining promising areas of IT development in the world by analyzing the current trends and predict researchers’ publication and patent activity. The methodological basis for the article is made up by the following: research review, analysis of general trends in the IT development, bibliometric and patent analysis, and graphic and statistical analysis. A general approach is suggested to identify promising areas of IT development in the world, the approach being comprehensive, unlike the already existing ones. The main trends in the IT development are studied by reviewing scientific literature and reports on the technological development of the industry. In particular, Gartner Hype Cycle for Emerging Technologies is analyzed. The world’s technological foresights, in particular those of the EU countries, the USA, South Korea, and Japan, were analyzed, which allowed us to identify the most probable trends in the IT development in the world. The dynamics and structure of scientists’ publishing activity on the topic of “Computer Science” are analyzed according to the bibliometric indicators of the SCImago Journal & Country Rank portal, and patent applications published in the field of information technology is analyzed according to the data of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). The changes in the structure and number of publications and patent applications for the period 1996–2020 are analyzed. The most promising areas of research in the IT sphere are determined. Due to grouping the obtained results we can determine such promising areas of IT development in the world: artificial intelligence, cloud technologies, blockchain technology, information and communication technologies, big data, computing memory, chatbots, cybersecurity, language recognition, digital communication, computer networks, and IT management methods. The obtained results of the research can serve as a basis to determine the priorities of developing IT research in Ukraine
Theoretic Prerequisites for Creating Organizational and Economic Support for Business Entities to Reshape Their Activities
Authors:   National Technical University «Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute», Aleksandrova V. O. , Manoilenko O. V. ,   National Technical University «Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute»
Published: June 2022

The main theoretic approaches to defining the concept of «reshaping a business entity» are considered. The study of modern tools and approaches to reforming socio-economic systems (reengineering, restructuring, modernization, optimization, etc.) has shown their limitation and concentration on certain components of their activities or management systems. A theoretical and morphological study of related definitions that characterize the transformation and reform of economic entities is carried out, their interrelation and interdependence are determined. The theoretical and methodological basis and stages of reshaping a business entity are substantiated, taking into account the peculiarities of its technological network structure, consumer value chains, management system, financial flows and key competencies within its activity. The key components of organizational and economic support for reshaping the activity of a business entity in terms of profile determination are identified, namely: management, main and auxillary activities, diagnosis and evaluation, the formation of the means and tools used for reshaping. Given the key parameter of business entities, i.e. the return on capital brought in by investors, it is proved necessary to use the indicator of economic value added as a target criterion for assessing the functioning and development of such entities and, consequently, necessary to reshape its activity. In addition, this approach allows predicting the consequences of introducing tools of reshaping, thus making it possible to assess its feasibility and set up the most effective organizational and economic measures.
Analysis of Scientific and Methodological Approaches to and Concepts of Innovation Communities
Authors:   Sumy State Pedagogical University named after A. S. Makarenko, Omelianenko O. M.
Published: June 2022

Innovation is increasingly entering our lives, and its development rate is forcing innovation communities to appear and implement innovation faster. The article is aimed at studying the innovation communities concept, identifying their objectives and emphasizing the importance of their development. The scientific and methodological approaches to defining the essence of the innovation community have been analyzed. An innovation community is defined as a group of people united by a common goal to achieve their aims, and addressing pressing issues. The general features and components of innovation communities are considered, and the need for their creation is substantiated. It is determined that innovative communities help to solve problems by involving the opinion of the socially active population, thus making it possible to approach topical issues in more detail and make correct and agreed decisions. The principles of developing innovation communities are considered. Stages of developing innovation communities are defined as following: working groups, communities of practice, innovation communities. Emphasis is placed on the strengths and benefits of innovative communities (creating open communication; promoting learning; reducing risks when dealing with large or risky projects; increasing trust by taking into account every opinion, which, in turn, creates a comfortable atmosphere; creating open communication by organizing discussions and generating common and agreed ideas). An example of an innovation community is given, and the responsibilities of each participant are considered (trend scouts, technology scouts, competition scouts, content researchers, industry experts, clients, leading users, idea generators, analysts). A brief description of each participant and their tasks is given
CONCEPT OF GLOBAL HEALTH DIPLOMACY IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Authors: Fathun Laode Muhamad , Situmeang Nurmasari
Published: June 2022

This paper's purpose is to explain describes the correlation of the spread of the Covid19 virus as a global problem. The spread will form a global health diplomacy collaboration to tackle Covid19 massive spread that makes countries overwhelmed to overcome it. This paper is used for library research to research methodology with qualitative descriptive analysis paradigm. This paper result to finds that to overcome these problems, each country must interpret that international mismarked security is more important than the political and economic interests of the country. That means that cooperation must be interpreted that the Covid19 outbreak is a global problem, must be handled by multiple stakeholders, long term, and cooperation based on the nature of extremism. With the ready ness negotiation method. This interpretation is expected to be an inclusive way to be able to respond to cooperation that understands, shares, and enjoys together with global health diplomacy as to develop international governance cooperation with altruism model and ready ness negotiation.
The rising US trade protectionism under Donald Trump and its implication on China’s artificial intelligence advancement
Authors: Gulo Titi Rahmania , Dwiastuti Ilmi
Published: June 2022

 The primary goal of this paper is to provide insight into the factors that have contributed to the trade war between the United States of America and China, which has been influenced not only by the economic sector but also by AI. Furthermore, in light of China's rising power, which threatens to supplant US supremacy, as well as its ambition to become a global leader in artificial intelligence by 2030, the steps taken by the United States during the Donald Trump administration to maintain its global influence are discussed in this paper. Furthermore, there is an indication that China is aiming to boost its global influence, which will be the focus of this paper with due attention to the national artificial intelligence advancement. The desire for both China and the United States to dominate technology has increased competition between the two countries, as evidenced by the numerous technological innovations developed and released by the two countries in recent years. In addition, the authors will conduct empirical case study research in conjunction with comparative analysis. Thus, to investigates this issue through the lens of threat perception, which also serves as a theoretical framework. Lastly, the authors conclude that the advancement of China’s Artificial Intelligence is perceived as a threat for the US national security especially in military and political sector. 

Keywords : Artificial Intelligence; Threat Perception; National Security
Maqasid Al-Shariah Based Index of Socio-Economic Development: A Literature Review
Authors: Muhammad Nooraiman Zailani  , Nurul Huda Mohd Satar  , Roza Hazli Zakaria
Published: June 2022

A healthy society is not just merely reflected by the result of a country’s income level and high industrial activities but covers more than just an increase in income and standard living. In Islam, the creation of human beings in this world is to achieve al-falah, which is success in the world and hereafter. Thus, it is vital to measure the development progress by integrating the principles of Shariah law. Maqasid al-Shariah based Index of socio-economic development attempts to establish an index to monitor the development progress according to the Maqasid al-Shariah principles that provide basic protection in five key dimensions including the protection of faith, life, intellect, posterity, and wealth. This study reviews the indicators proposed in integrating the five dimensions of Maqasid al-Shariah in developing and measuring socio-economic development from the Islamic perspective through extensive reading of the past studies. The study concluded that the development of Maqasid al- Shariah based Index is challenging, particularly in establishing indicators pertaining to the faith dimension. In addition, most of the studies were constructed at a macro level with readily available data and data that are not frequently available. This can limit the scope of the variables or indicators used in the construction of Maqasid al-Shariah based Index.
Conceptualisation and Validating Benefidonors Model in Waqf
Authors: Fauzias Mat Nor  , Fuadah Johari  , Hasnah Haron  , Zurina Shafii  , Syahidawati Shahwan  , Hanim Misbah  , Azuan Ahmad  , Amir Shaharuddin  , Nur Atika Atan  , Muhammad Mohamad Yusoff
Published: June 2022

Waqf movement in Malaysia has a long history since the colonization era with plenty of innovations being practiced by waqf managers. The literatures have highlighted on the performance of waqf as a social finance instrument with transformational impacts to the economic wellbeing of the beneficiaries. There is a considerable gap between the cyclic impact on the transformation of waqf beneficiaries into donors that needs to be highlighted. The main aim of the study is to conceptualize and validate the beneficiaries-donors model which evolved from the perspective of mutual assistance (ta’awun) prosumers, consumerchant, and volunteer. The study adopts a three-phase qualitative approach. The proposed model on Benefidonors is the result of the first stage, which involved content analysis of literature data. Data was also obtained via Focus Group Discussions (FGD) in the second step of creating and confirming the model. Three different groups of participants, namely donors, beneficiaries, and mutawalli, participated in three different sessions of FGD using MS Teams. The third stage is model validation where the participants have validated the model through a few series of FGD. The participants were given a conceptual model to see whether the new term introduced, "Benefidonors," could be accepted or require further refinement. The new term coined, Benefidonors concept, suggests for a transformational cyclic impact of the major players in the waqf activism. The major output of this paper is the validated term “Benefidonors” which is a hybrid word, derived from the word, “Beneficiaries” and “Donors”. The “Benefidonors” promotes towards “share more”, “use more” and “donate more” for waqf ecosystem using the concept of mutual assistance (ta’awun) prosumers, consumerchant and volunteer. The finding of this research shows that the new term "Benefidonors," even though it is still emerging and requiring efforts for exposure and branding, is inherently practiced, being aware of and known in the community, but it needs a systematic design and strategic arrangement for further expansion.
Effects of COVID-19 on poultry and livestock health in Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain K. M. K. , Sarkar P. K. , Paul A. K.
Published: June 2022

Background: Poultry and livestock are a leading sub-sector of agriculture, playing an important role to fulfill the protein requirements of the human diet and contributing to the national economy in Bangladesh. This sub-sector is often vulnerable due to frequent outbreaks of diseases in animals and unrest situations worldwide that hamper earning a profit up to the expected mark. Due to pandemic COVID-19, the Bangladesh government was bound to announce a countrywide lockdown and periodical restriction of movement in March 2020 to minimize the spread of the infection. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on poultry and livestock health.
Methods: This study was conducted at Keshabpur, Jashore before 3 months of lockdown, during lockdown and periodical restriction of movement in Bangladesh. Data on livestock and poultry were collected from the upazila livestock office register book. The impact of Covid-19 was calculated by comparing the number of animals brought to the veterinary hospital for treatment before, during, and after lockdown.
Results: The effect of COVID-19 was most severe in the poultry and livestock sub-sector from April to May 2020, as animals were not being advised or treated at the upazila livestock office and veterinary hospital. In poultry, Newcastle disease, parasitic infestation, duck plague, and pigeon pox were mostly recorded, whereas deficiency diseases, non-specific diarrhea, non-specific fever, and endoparasitism were frequently recorded in livestock. We do not know exactly how many poultry and livestock died due to failure of management and treatment during the period of lockdown, but certainly, COVID-19 hampered the health of animals and farmers were affected due to the outbreak of the pandemic COVID-19.
Conclusion: It might be concluded that the pandemic situation significantly hampered poultry and livestock health in Bangladesh.
Tożsamość cyfrowa organizacji – transformacja czy dysrupcja
Authors: Jedynak Monika , Mania Karolina , Kuźniarska Aneta , Czakon Wojciech
Published: June 2022

Wybuch pandemii COVID-19 wywołał istotne zmiany w organizacjach, nie tylko na polu sposobu funkcjonowania, zmian stosowanych modeli biznesowych, przeobrażenia strategii czy konieczności stosowania nowych form komunikacji z interesariuszami. Znane dotychczas zjawiska uległy przeobrażeniu, a istniejące pojęcia wymagają rewizji stosowanych definicji bądź stworzenia nowych. Celem artykułu jest próba opracowania definicji cyfrowej tożsamości organizacji. Począwszy od analizy pojęcia tożsamości organizacyjnej, zidentyfikowania nieciągłości cyfrowej i konceptualizacji pojęcia. Obrana tematyka zdeterminowała metodę badawczą w postaci analizy tekstu uzupełnionej systematycznym przeglądem literatury. W wyniku badań udało się ustalić, że cyfrowa tożsamość organizacji nie powstaje wskutek procesu ucyfrowienia, a stanowi zupełnie nową kategorie pojęciową.
Age and gender as factors in visual photographic memory
Authors: Khanam Mahfuza
Published: June 2022

Exploring the role of gender and age in visual photographic memory were the objectives of the present study. A sample of 60 boys and 60 girls, aged between 11 to 16 years, participated in the current study. Results indicated that boys outperformed girls in visual photographic memory task. Age also found to be a significant variable. Significant mean differences have been observed among the respondents of 13, 14, 15, and 16 year with 11 year; 12 with 16; 13, 14, 15 with only 11 and finally 16 with age 11 and 12. Results revealed that there exists a significant mean difference between age 11 and 16. Findings also showed that visual memory increases with increasing age. But the rate of development is not same through all the years.
Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(3 CSI): 385-392, 2022 (June)
Scenario of mental health in Bangladesh: A signature glimpse
Authors: Rozario Lipy Gloria , Islam Shaheen
Published: June 2022

The study aims to gain primary evidences on the mental health condition of Bangladesh. A quantitative survey instrument was applied on 982 respondents from Dhaka, Chittagong, and Rajshahi divisions in Bangladesh. It included adult sample, aged above 18 years from different hospitals, universities and organizations. 51.7% of the respondents were male and rest 48.9% female. The survey focused on knowledge, attitude and behavior related to mental health. This paper presents the behavioral manifestation of mental health condition. From the description of different psychological problems the responders encounter in their life, depression (69.5%) was identified as the highest manifested mental health issue followed by anxiety (66.8%) and study-related issues (64.5%). Notable percentage had experience of trauma (28.0%), and abuse (19.2% physical abuse and 10.1% sexual abuse). Suicidal ideation was found to be present in 19.8% of the respondents. Significant gender differences towards male were found for problem with study, anger, romantic relation, eating, and substance abuse. Females had significantly higher experience of sexual abuse. Similar significant regional difference were noted for several behavioral indicators of mental health; Dhaka being the highest prevailing region. It was found to be true specifically for suicidal thoughts and attempts. This study reestablished the alarming situation of mental health existing among the people in Bangladesh which call forth urgent action to address the most vital aspect of health through psychological assistance.
Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(3 CSI): 405-416, 2022 (June)
Cognitive impairment among cancer patients experiencing chemotherapy
Authors: Bin Alam Mohammad Zayeed , Hossain Md Shahanur
Published: June 2022

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether chemotherapy had any particular role on cognitive impairment i.e. difficulties in executive functioning, working memory, naming ability, attention, language, abstraction, orientation, and visuo-spatial constructional and recall ability, among cancer patients in Bangladesh. Sixty cancer patients and thirty healthy individuals were recruited for this study by purposive sampling. Among these cancer patients 30 had experienced chemotherapy and remain 30 had experienced radiotherapy/ surgery/no treatment at all. We used Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure test and Montreal Cognitive Assessment to investigate cognitive impairment and Bangla version of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale to assess emotional distress. Findings revealed that cancer patients in general experience significantly more cognitive difficulties than healthy individuals. Regarding the attention, visual and auditory memory and executive ability the problems are more dominant. Chemotherapy group performed in all aspects of cognitive testing significantly lower than other treatment group. Statistical tests indicated no role of emotional distress on neuropsychological performance. Males with cancer are more vulnerable to cognitive impairment. In a nutshell, this study indicates that cancer patients in Bangladesh experience cognitive impairment and especially patients treated with chemotherapy are more likely to experience cognitive impairment.
Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(3 CSI): 453-464, 2022 (June)
Brakhiterapi Pada Kanker Lidah di Rumah Sakit Kanker Dharmais
Authors: Defrizal Defrizal
Published: June 2022

Dilakukan interstitial brakhiterapi pada 19 pasien kanker lidah di departemen radioterapi RS.Kanker Dharmais. Pasien terdiri dari 14 orang laki-laki, 5 orang perempuan dengan rentang usia 20 hingga 75 tahun dan hasil histopatologik pasien tersebut adalah karsinoma sel skuamosa. Pasien terdiri dari 9 orang stadium II sebanyak, 7 orang stadium III, 1 orang stadium IV dan 2 orang dengan residif lokal. Seluruh pasien mendapat radiasi ekstema dengan dosis 46 - 60 Gy dan dilanjutkan dengan interstitial brakhiterapi dengan menggunakan iridium 192. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah 17 pasien dengan respon komplit, 2 pasien dengan respon parsial dan tidak didapatkan adanya komplikasi. Dari hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan terapi radiasi saja (kombinasi antara radiasi eksternal dan interstitial brakhiterapi) memberikan respon terapi yang baik.
Aktifitas Caspase 3 sebagai Indikator Apoptosis pada Sel Kanker Ovarium
Authors: Dwipoyono Bambang
Published: June 2022

Kematian yang diakibatkan oleh kanker ovarium masih tetap tinggi meskipun sudah dengan penanganan yang agresif. Pemberian kemoterapi merupakan bagian penting selain tindakan operasi di dalam pengobatan kanker ovarium. Obat sitostatika yang digunakan bertujuan mempengaruhi DNA dan pada akhirnya memicu henti siklus sel dan apoptosis.Untuk mengetahui aktifitas caspase 3 sebagai indikator terjadinya apoptosis pada sel kanker ovarium setelah terpapar dengan sitostatika.Penelitian in vitro dengan memaparkan sel kanker ovarium primer yang berasal dari asi tes dan/atau "established" sel kanker ovarium dengan sitostatika dengan dosis dan waktu yang berbeda. Kemudian dilakukan perhitungan aktifitas caspase 3 dari kedua sel kanker ovarium tersebut.Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap penderita kanker ovarium yang dilakukan operasi pada "Yale New Haven Hospital". Sel tumor yang berasal dari cairan asites menjalani isolasi dan kultur untuk mendapatkan kultur primer. Dilakukan pemaparan sel kanker ovarium primer dan "established" dengan carbo-platin dan docetaxel selama 24 dan 48 jam dengan dosis yang berbeda. Apoptosis yang terjadi diketahui dengan melihat aktifitas spesifik caspase 3 dari masing-masing kelompok sel kanker ovarium tersebut.Dari 11 pasien kanker ovarium stadium lanjut (III-IV, FIGO) dengan jenis epithelial didapatkan bahwa carboplatin dosis 100-400mg/ml dapat menginduksi aktifitas caspase 3 dari "established" sel kanker ovarium maupun sel kanker ovarium primer. Docetaxel dosis 5ng/ml dan 500ng/ ml juga dapat menginduksi aktifitas caspase 3 pada kedua kelompok sel kanker ovarium.Aktifitas caspase 3 dapat ditimbulkan dengan melakukan pemaparan sel kanker ovarium baik primer maupun "established" terhadap carboplatin dan docetaxel.
Kanker Serviks dan Vaksin HPV
Authors: Dwipoyono Bambang
Published: June 2022

Human papilloma virus (HPV) adalah penyebab dari kanker serviks baik secara biologik maupun epidemiologik. Human papilloma virus tipe 16 dan 18 bertanggung jawab untuk sekitar 70% kanker pada serviks, vagina dan anus. Meskipun demikian, HPV tidak cukup untuk menimbulkan kanker karena dikenal faktor lain yang disebut ko-faktor yang juga berperan untuk terjadinya kanker.Partikel HPV dapat dibuat dengan menggunakan kapsid L1 untuk kemudian dieksploitasi menjadi vaksin. Vaksin ini dapat menimbulkan titer antibodi yang tinggi terhadap infeksi HPV, sehingga vaksinasi HPV diharapkan dapat berperan atau memberikan manfaat yang baik untuk program pencegahan kanker serviks.
Evaluasi Penggunaan Antibiotika Profilaksis di Ruang Bedah Rumah Sakit Kanker �Dharmais� Jakarta dan Hubungannya dengan Kejadian Infeksi Daerah Operasi
Authors: Desiyana Lydia Septa , Soemardi Ajoedi , Radji Maksum
Published: June 2022

Infeksi daerah operasi (IDO) merupakan salah satu infeksi nosokomial yang menyebabkan morbiditas, mortalitas dan peningkatan biaya perawatan. Faktor resiko terjadinya IDO dapat berasal dari pasien sendiri, lingkungan, operasi dan perawatan pasca operasi. Penggunaan antibiotika profilaksis merupakan salah satu cara menurunkan kejadian IDO.Dilakukan penelitian di ruang bedah RS. Kanker "Dharmais" dengan metode cross-sectional dan prospektif. Metode pengambilan sampel yang dilakukan adalah total sampling. Data dari seluruh pasien yang menjalani operasi pada 10 April -9 Mei 2008 diambil, kemudian dilakukan pemantauan kejadian IDO sampai dengan 30 hari pasca operasi.Dari 150 pasien yang menjalani operasi, sejumlah 131 pasien yang dapat dipantau hingga 30 hari pasca operasi. Antibiotika profilaksis digunakan pada 111 dari 131 operasi yang dilakukan (84,73%). Antibiotika yang paling banyak digunakan adalah sefalosporin generasi III, yaitu ceftriaxone (52,25%). 84,68% pasien menerima antibiotika profilaksis tidak tepat waktu dan 81,98% menerima antibiotika profilaksis > 24 jam. IDO terjadi pada 3 dari 131 (2,29%) pasien tersebut. Hasil analisa multivariat menunjukkan lama rawat sebelum operasi merupakan faktor risiko yang berpengaruh terhadap kejadian IDO pada penelitian ini (p = 0,031, OR = 3,259).Antibiotikan profilaksis yang paling banyak digunakan di instalasi bedah RS. Kanker "Dharmais" adalah ceftriaxone, waktu pemberiannya sebagian besar tidak tepat dan digunakan lebih dari 24 jam. Ceftriaxone merupakan antibiotika spektrum luas yang mempunyai efekstivitas terhadap gram positif dan negatif.Penilaian kesesuaian pemilihan jenis antibiotika profilaksis dilakukan dengan menggunakan data sensitivitas ruangan tahun 2007 dengan hasil bahwa antibiotika profilaksis yang digunakan masih sensitif terhadap bakteri yang ada diruangan ICU, kelas II dan kelas III. Kejadian IDO di RS. Kanker "Dharmais" adalah 2,29%. Hasil analisa bivariat dengan chi-square menunjukkan bahwa sifat operasi, durasi operasi dan lama rawat sebelum operasi mempunyai hubungan bermakna dengan kejadian IDO (p < 0,05). Sementara itu hasil analisa multivariate menunjukkan jumlah hari rawat sebelum operasi merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya IDO.Kata kunci: antibiotika profilaksis, infeksi luka operasi, operasi.
Efficacy and Safety of In-Asia-Manufactured rhG-CSF 300 mcg As Primary Prophylaxis for Prevention of CHOP Chemotherapy-induced Severe Neutropenia in Elderly Patients with Lymphoma Non-Hodgkin
Authors: Reksodiputro Harryanto , Djoerban Zubairi , Tambunan Karmel L. , Sudoyo Aru W. , Widjanarko Abidin , Atmakusuma Djumhana , Syafei Syafrizal , Prayogo Nugroho , Hukom Ronald , Ranuhardy Dody , Jack Zakifman , Harsal Asrul , - Noorwati S , Karsono Bambang , Effendi Shufrie , Tadjoedin Hilman
Published: June 2022

Penelitian open-label, non-komparatif ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas dan keamanan recombinant human G-CSF produksi Asia sebagai profilaksis primer dalam pencegahan neutropenia derajat berat pada pasien usia lanjut (>60 tahun) dengan limfoma non-Hodgkin (LNH) derajat sedang dan lanjut (stadium II,III,IV) yang mendapat terapi CHOP (siklofosfamid, doksorubisin, vinkristin). Profilaksis primer recombinant human G-CSF (rhG-CSF) produksi Asia dapat mengurangi median durasi neutropenia derajat 4 pada siklus sitostatistika ke-1 dan ke-2 menjadi tiga hari, sementara median durasi neutropenia derajat 3 pada siklus sitostistika ke-1 menjadi dua hari dan pada siklus sitostatistika ke-2 menjadi dua setengah hari, dari median durasi neutropenia grade 4 dan grade 3 tanpa G-CSF, yaitu empat dan lima hari berurutan. Febrile neutropenia ditemukan pada 7 pasien yang mendapat rhG-CSF produksi Asia (24.1%), lebih rendah jika dibandingkan studi tanpa rhG-CFS (31.3-34% FN). Tiga pasien mendapat rhG-CSF produksi Asia (10,3%) dirawat inap akibat febrile neutropenia, lebih rendah jika dibandingkan rawat inap pada studi tanpa rhG-CSF (24-28%). Kejadian yang tidak diinginkan terbanyak adalah mual dan muntah yang terjadi pada 9 (31%) pasien. Sebagai kesimpulan, penggunaan rhG-CSF produksi Asia untuk profilaksis primer pada pasien LNH usia lanjut yang mendapat regimen CHOP dapat mengurangi durasi neutropenia, mengurangi kejadian febrile neutropenia, dan angka rawat inap akibat febrile neutropenia.Kata kunci : Efektivitas, keamanan, G-CSF, LNH pada usia lanjut
Serum Biomarkers For Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Short Review)
Authors: Bachtiar Indra , Utama Andi , Tai Susan
Published: June 2022

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) atau kanker hati adalah salah satu dari kanker yang paling umum dan menjadi penyebab utama kematian di negara-negara Asia. HCC biasanya berkembang pada pasien dengan penyakit hati kronis dan sirosis. Pengamatan HCC pada pasien sirosis biasanya dilakukan menggunakan ?-fetoprotein (AFP) dan ultrasonografi. Akan tetapi, sensitivitas AFP untuk deteksi HCC sangat rendah, sedangkan penggunaan ultrasonografi cukup mahal dan sangat tergantung pada keahlian operator. Hal inilah yang menjadi ide dasar tentang perlunya mencari suatu strategi baru (biomarker baru) dalam mendeteksi HCC secara dini. Biomarker yang ideal harus lebih sensitif, spesifik, noninvasif, murah, dan dapat diterima oleh pasien. Berdasarkan tinjauan literatur yang kami lakukan (2001-2009), dilaporkan beberapa penemuan biomarker baru yang cukup menjanjikan, seperti AFP-L3, des-gamma carboxyprothrombin (DCP), golgi protein 73 (GP73), glypican-3 (GPC3), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA), transforming growth factor-?1 (TGF?b1), insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II), insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2), human cervical cancer oncogene (HCCR), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), KL-6 and ?-acid glycoprotein (AAG). Akan tetapi, penggunaannya secara klinis atau uji validasi belum pernah dilaporkan. Beberapa kendala dan keterbatasan yang dilaporkan dalam penemuan biomarker ini antara lain jumlah sampel yang digunakan kurang memadai, metoda analisis yang beragam (heterogenity), terbatas pada wilayah tertentu, predictive analysis biomarker, dan masih sedikitnya studi longitudinal untuk mengevaluasi kemampuan biomarkers dalam mendeteksi penyakit pada taraf preklinik. Uji klinik dan metoda validasi yang tepat saat ini menunggu lahirnya suatu generasi biomarker baru untuk pasien HCC.Kata kunci: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), biomarker, metoda pengujian
The Accuracy of Plasma EBV-DNA Quantification Using LMP2 as Primer to Detect Distance Metastasis After Radiation of Nasopharyngeal Cancer in �Dharmais� National Cancer Center
Authors: Marzaini Dewi Soeis , Tobing Demak L. , Kresno Siti Boedina
Published: June 2022

Kanker nasofaring (NPC) biasa ditemukan di Indonesia dan berkaitan dengan penyakit tingkat lanjut (advanced disease). Keberadaan virus Epstein-Bar deoxyribonucleic acid (EBV-DNA) sudah lama ditawarkan untuk deteksi awal terhadap kegagalan jarak (distant failure) setelah pemberian radiasi (radiation theraphy). Selaput laten protein-2 (LMP-2) sangat potensial untuk diterapkan di Indonesia, karena efektif dalam menekan biaya. Namun, hal ini belum pernah di pelajari sebelumnya.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetes penghitungan akurasi plasma EBV-DNA menggunakan LMP2 sebagai cara awal untuk mendeteksi metastasis setelah pemberian radiasi pada pasien NPC.Contoh plasma diambil dari pasien penderita kanker nasofaring paling tidak enam bulan setelah pemberian radiasi. DNA diekstrak dan dianalisis dari reaksi rantai polymerase berdasarkan hitungan waktu (real-time polymerase chain reaction RT-PCR) (Light Cycler, Roche Diagnostics) menggunakan spesifikasi dasar LMP-2. Hasilnya kemudian dibandingkan dengan standar kuantitatif RT-PCR antara EBNA-1 dan segmen DNA dalam area BamHi-W dari genome EBV.Perbedaan rata-rata (mean) dari level EBV-DNA kemudian dibandingkan menggunakan tes analisis varian (ANOVA). Perhitungan sensitivitas dan spesifikasi dihitung berdasarkan kurva ROC (receiver-operating characteristics).Kajian ini menggunakan dua puluh tiga kasus NPC yang non-metastatik, di mana jumlah pasien laki-laki 17 orang (73,9%) dan wanita 6 orang (26,1%). Median dari umur pasien adalah 48 tahun (21-67 tahun). Kebanyakan kasus sudah mencapai stadium III (56,5%), diikuti stadium IVA-B (26,1%). Semua pasien menerima radiasi sebanyak 6000-7000 cGy. Sepuluh pasien (43,5%) telah mendapatkan metastasis (distant metastasis) paling tidak enam bulan setelah terapi radiasi. Tidak ada tanda-tanda kambuh pada lokasi awal (primary site). Tidak ada perbedaan mean pada tingkat EBV-DNA, yaitu antara penggunaan EBNA-1 secara dasar antara pasien dengan metastasis dan pasien tanpa metastasis (5135 copies/mL vs. 7827 copies/mL; p=0,245). Ada perbedaan mencolok pada mean EBV-DNA antara pasien dengan metastasis dan pasien tanpa metastasis saat menggunakan LMP2 sebagai dasar dan menggunakan BamHI-W sebagai dasar. BamHI-W primer memberikan tingkat sensitivitas 100% dan spesifisitas 100% pada tingkat EBV-DNA 1080 copies/mL dengan AUC 1,0. Perhitungan dengan LMP2 primer memberikan tingkat sensitivitas 89% dan spesifisitas 100% pada pemberian 17 copies/mL dengan AUC 0,944.Kesimpulannya, deteksi EBV-DNA menggunakan LMP2 primer berguna bagi deteksi awal metastatik setelah pemberian radiasi bagi pasien NPC yang tidak memiliki metastasis pada saat proses diagnosis. Primer ini memiliki tingkat sensitivitas dan spesifisitas hampir seakurat BamHi-W primer.Kata kunci: Metastasis, Radiasi, Nosofaring.
Hubungan Ekspresi p-53 dengan Gambaran Klinikopatologi pada Penderita Karsinoma Penis yang Dirawat di Rumah Sakit Sanglah, Denpasar (2001-2005)
Authors: Sastrodihardjo Bowolaksono , Kusuma Gede Wirya , - Partama
Published: June 2022

Insiden karsinoma penis di daerah Bali, khususnya yang dirawat di Rumah Sakit Sanglah, cukup tinggi. Sampai saat ini, etiologi dari karsinoma penis multifaktorial, termasuk peran Human Papilloma Virus dalam mekanisme di tingkat selular. Penanganan karsinoma penis saat ini cenderung mengarah ke tissue preserving dan peningkatan kualitas hidup penderita, serta masih terjadi kontroversi. Faktor prediksi terhadap rekurensi, progresivitas, dan prognosis masih didasarkan pada faktor prognostik konvensional berupa gambaran klinikopatologi. Hasil penelitian marker molekuler yang memberikan hasil menjanjikan telah melaporkan mengenai overekspresi p-53 dan antigen skuamosa sel karsinoma untuk memprediksi pembesaran nodul, rekurensi, progresivitas, dan prognosis. Untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut, penulis meneliti hubungan antara ekspresi p-53 dengan gambaran klinikopatologi pada penderita karsinoma penis yang dirawat di Rumah Sakit Sanglah, Denpasar, periode 2001-2005.Studi ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik yang dilakukan secara potong lintang (cross sectional) terhadap penderita karsinoma penis yang dirawat di Rumah Sakit Sanglah, Denpasar, periode Januari 2001 sampai Mei 2005. Sampel penelitian diambil dari blok parafin. Kemudian dilakukan pengecatan imunohistokimia dan dinilai ekspresi protein p-53. Hasil penilaian tersebut kemudian dihubungkan dengan stadium, diagnosis histopatologi, grading, dan hasil biopsi kelenjar getah bening. Kemudian dianalisis dengan uji statistik nonparametrik Mann-Whitney U dan tabel 2 x 2 (crosstabs). Kemaknaan ditentukan berdasarkan nilai p< 0,05. Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara ekspresi p-53 dengan stadium klinis tumor (p = 0,030 ) dan hasil biopsi kelenjar getah bening inguinal (p = 0,040). Sedangkan hubungan antara ekspresi p-53 dengan diagnosis dan grading histopatologi didapatkan hasil yang tidak bermakna.Kesimpulannya, ekspresi p-53 pada karsinoma penis dapat dipakai sebagai salah satu faktor prognostik dan pertimbangan melakukan biopsi kelenjar getah bening inguinal, sehingga tindakan biopsi menjadi lebih selektif.Kata kunci: karsinoma penis, p-53, klinikopatologi
Kebijakan Pengendalian Penyakit Kanker (Serviks) di Indonesia
Authors: Dwipoyono Bambang
Published: June 2022

Terjadi perubahan pola penyakit dari penyakit infeksi ke penyakit noninfeksi di dunia, termasuk Indonesia. Salah satu penyakit non-infeksi adalah kanker. Badan kesehatan dunia (WHO) sudah mengeluarkan resolusi perang terhadap kanker. Karena tingginya angka kesakitan dan kematian yang diakibatkannya pada tahun mendatang maka diisyaratkan pada semua negara di dunia untuk melakukan program pengendalian penyakit kanker secara nasional.Mulai 2005, dengan terbentuknya Direktorat Penyakit Tidak Menular, Indonesia sudah memulai program penanggulangan penyakit kanker dengan prioritas untuk kanker serviks dan kanker payudara. Langkah ini diformalkan dengan keluarnya SK Menkes No. 1163/MenKes/SK/2007 yaitu terbentuknya kelompok kerja pengendalian penyakit kanker leher rahim dan payudara. Tulisan ini bertujuan menganalisis program pengendalian penyakit kanker (khususnya kanker serviks) di Indonesia, dilihat dari beberapa perspektif.Kata kunci: Kebijakan, pengendalian, kanker serviks
Toprağın bazı ısı parametrelerinin maksimum toprak sıcaklığıyla ilişkisi
Authors: EKBERLİ İmanverdi , GÜLSER Coşkun
Published: June 2022

Toprak özelliklerinin değişimi, bitki gelişimi için optimum toprak ortamının oluşturulması, toprak oluşum süreçlerinin açıklanması vb. topraktaki maksimum sıcaklıkla ilişkili olup, topraktaki maksimum sıcaklığın teorik ve deneysel olarak belirlenmesi gereklidir. Bu çalışmada, toprağın ısı iletkenliği denkleminin çözümünden elde edilen maksimum toprak sıcaklığının analitik ifadesinin uygulanabilirliği incelenmiştir. Teorik olarak maksimum toprak sıcaklığının, toprak derinliğinin ortalama sıcaklığının, birim alandan geçen ısı miktarının, kütle yoğunluğunun, özgül ısı kapasitesinin ve derinliğin bir fonksiyonu olduğu gösterilmiştir. Toprağın 0-50 cm derinliğinde ölçülen ve hesaplanan maksimum sıcaklıklar sırasıyla 16.6-35.8 °C ve 16.4-38.4 °C aralıklarında; birim alandan geçen ısı miktarı 3.716•106-17.857•106 J m-2 aralığında; özgül ısı kapasitesi ise 950.404 J kg-1 °C-1 olarak saptanmıştır. Ölçülen ve hesaplanan maksimum toprak sıcaklıkları arasındaki ilişki yüksek (R2=0.9106) bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, nispi hatanın 0.012-0.148 aralığında; ortalama nispi hata ise 0.086 olarak tespit edilmiştir.
Theoretical and practical background of the variant of immunocorrection in the treatment of patients with periprosthetic infection
Authors:   Kazan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kilmetov T.A. , Akhtyamov I.F. ,   Kazan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Published: June 2022

The article presents the result of treatment of 76 patients with infectious complications after arthroplasty of large joints. In the treatment, a two-stage version of revision arthroplasty was used, where a bone cement spacer made intraoperatively was installed as an intermediate stage. All patients underwent an analysis of the immunological status. According to the analysis of the data, the main directions of immunocorrection were identified, thanks to which it was possible to improve the results of treatment. The authors of the article analyze the immune status of patients with paraprosthetic infection
Leukedema: a clinical case
Authors:   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai, Litvinov A.V. , Luchsheva L.F. ,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai, Nasatyuk A.V. ,   Khabarovsk Krai Clinical Psychiatric Hospital under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai, Slivko K.Yu. ,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai, Fedorov A.V. ,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai, Rybak O.G. ,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai
Published: June 2022

The care of patients with leukedema requires an interdisciplinary approach. Although clinical practice guidelines recommend that patients need to be consulted by a neurologist, this example shows that a neurological consultation may not be sufficient and a psychiatrist and/or psychotherapist consultation will be required
Treatment tactics and patient routing in a surgical hospital in the context of a new coronavirus infection
Authors:   Khabarovsk Krai Clinical Hospital  No.1 named after professor S.I. Sergeev under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai, Sopova E.S. , Volovik V.E. ,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai, Tarnavsky N.A. ,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai, Mikhailyuk V.A. ,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai
Published: June 2022

In a pandemic, any planned hospitalization, according to clinical guidelines, includes a PCR examination of each patient. Having a vaccination certificate is acceptable as well. Given a prodromal period of up to two weeks, one cannot be sure that the patient is not in the incubation period. Patients admitted to a surgical hospital for the purpose of performing one or another planned surgical intervention, especially those with a aggravated comorbid history, must observe self-isolation before surgical treatment for two weeks, followed by a follow-up examination for COVID-19.
Involvement of the patient in the provision of self-help in emergency conditions (lecture for nurses)
Authors:   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai, Kungurtseva M.Yu. , Nevrycheva E.V. ,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai
Published: June 2022

Preventive counseling acts as one of the effective technologies designed to teach the basics of a healthy lifestyle, the procedure for dealing with life-threatening conditions, and targeted assistance in shaping motivation for a healthy lifestyle and correcting identified risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases. The article provides materials that will help the paramedic, the rural health post, the pre-medical examination room, the health center to consult patients on first aid in the form of self-and mutual assistance in life-threatening conditions
Pathology of the digestive system as an indicator of social well-being of the population of the Khabarovsk Krai
Authors:   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai, Topalov K.P. , Skoromets E.K. ,   Far Eastern State Medical University under Health Ministry of Russia, Trembach T.G. ,   Medical Information and Analytical Center under the Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai
Published: June 2022

The article presents data on the state of the pathology of the digestive system among the population of the Khabarovsk Territory for the period 2003–2020. The dynamics of general, primary and hospital morbidity with diseases of the digestive system was studied. Attention is drawn to the state of mortality of the adult population of the region from the pathology of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as from malignant neoplasms of the digestive tract. A comparative description of this pathology among the population of the Russian Federation, the Far Eastern Federal District and the Khabarovsk Krai in 2011–2020 is given. To assess the morbidity of the population with pathology of the digestive system, the prevalence of the most frequent number of nosological diseases of the gastroenterological profile, two cities (Khabarovsk, Komsomolsk-on-Amur) and municipalities as a whole were identified in the region
Legal features of the admission of pharmaceutical workers to professional activities in the transition of health care from certification to periodic accreditation
Authors:   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai, Abrosimova N. V. , Kryukova I. V. ,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai
Published: June 2022

The article deals with topical issues of admission to professional activities of pharmaceutical personnel in our country during the transition to a system of accreditation of specialists. Inconsistency of qualification requirements, position, work experience of pharmacists can cause in some cases difficulties in preparing documents for periodic accreditation
The results of the work of blood service institutions Far Eastern Federal District in 2021
Authors:   Regional Blood Transfusion Station under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai, Kozhemyako O. V. , Zeiler E. I. ,   Regional Blood Transfusion Station under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai, Lapturova O. G. ,   Regional Blood Transfusion Station under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai, Antonyuk O. G. ,   Regional Blood Transfusion Station under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai, Lapturova O. A. ,   Regional Blood Transfusion Station under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai
Published: June 2022

During the scientific and practical conference "Actual issues of transfusiology", held in Khabarovsk in February 2022, the results of the work of blood service institutions of the Far Eastern Federal District (FEFD) for 2021 were summed up, tasks and activities aimed at improving the quality of work of blood service institutions were identified , increasing the procurement of modern and highly effective donor blood components and their rational use, ensuring the safety of transfusion therapy in the context of a pandemic of a new coronavirus infection in 2022