bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oral complications of radiotherapy: approaches to prevention and treatment
Authors: Zurnachyan A A
Published: May 2015

The use of high-energy radiation sources covering large areas of head and neck, together with increased chances for clinical recovery leads to increased rates of radiation complications - a variety of changes in the surrounding healthy tissues and organs. One of the most common oral mucosa complications of radiation therapy is radiation mucositis. Its pathogenesis is based on developing erythematous lesions that turn into ulcer defects with a trend of merging to form an increasingly large focuses. After reaching its peak, inflammatory reaction regresses. The incidence of radiation mucositis is over 60% at standard mode radiotherapy and nearly 100% at hyperfractionated radiotherapy. In addition to the pecularities of radiotherapy, the incidence of mucositis also depends on the tumor type, patient’s age, the initial state of the oral cavity, the patient’s nutritional status. Cryotherapy using a helium-neon laser and drugs (pentoxifylline, thalidomide, simvastatin, analgesics, anesthetics) are recommended for treatment. Reducing the procedure time by improving medical technology, using pulsed fluoroscopy instead of constant, using additional protective filters and changing the X-ray beam focus site may significantly reduce the frequency of radiation complications.
Introduction of NAT-testing for infections for screening blood donors in Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Savchuk T N , Burkitbaev Z K , Abdrakhmanova S A , Skorikova S V , Kuz’min N S
Published: May 2015

Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of NAT-screening (nucleic acid amplification technologies) for infections in blood donors in Kazakhstan. Methods. Statistical data of blood donors screening examinations in the Republic of Kazakhstan in 2012-2014 were evaluated. Results. In 2014, the number of examined donors increased by 3.4% compared with 2012. The number of deferrals due to positive screening results for serological markers decreased by 10.9%, while the share of such donors decreased by 13.8% [p 0.01; odds ratio (OR) - 0.86, 95% confidence interval (CI 95%) - 0.83-0.88); χ2=136.76]. In 2014, 100% of donations were screened using NAT-testing (312,510 donors). Most of the NAT-screening in Kazakhstan is performed using closed automated systems. In 2012, 1 Blood Center conducted a polymerase chain reaction screening by open circuit polymerase chain reaction systems, in 5 blood centers polymerase chain reaction was performed with manual sample preparation. In 2014, the number of deferrals due to positive NAT-testing results has increased by 44.3%, the share of such donors - by 38.7% (p 0.01; OR=1.39, 95% CI=1.15-1.67); χ2=11.82). Seronegative NAT-positive samples were discovered according to the results of discriminant test, including human immunodeficiency virus - 2 (0.8%) samples, hepatitis B virus -182 (73.4%), hepatitis C virus - 60 (24.2%), negative result - 4 (1.6%). Conclusion. The introduction of screening NAT-testing of donated blood prevented transfusion of blood infected with: human immunodeficiency virus - 1 in 150,000 donations, hepatitis B virus - 1 in 1.650 donations, hepatitis C virus - 1 in 5,000 donations.
Hematological and biochemical screening of blood donors in the Republic of Bashkortostan
Authors: Sultanbaev U S , Ayupova R F , Salikhova A K , Absalyamova L A , Khabibullina Yu A , Zakirova I R , Talipova R A , Kuz’min N S , Vergopulo A A , Kayumova L I
Published: May 2015

Aim. To assess the hematological and biochemical screening effectiveness in blood donors in the Republic of Bashkortostan.Methods. The results of hematological and biochemical screening in blood donors in the Republic of Bashkortostan in 2008-2013 were studied.Results. Centralizing and modernizing of blood donors examinations at the Republican Blood Transfusion Centre of the Bashkortostan Republic in 2008-2013 has led to an increase in the number of clinical blood analyses by 53.1%, reaching from 74.1 to 666.9% for some parameters. Studying platelet counts allows to choose platelets donors, whose blood is optimally used for preparing platelet-rich transfusion media. Leukocytosis (5.01%, 1748 of 34 899 subjects), leukopenia (0.1%; 34 of 34 899 subjects) and alterations in erythrocyte sedimentation rate (4.83%, 1574 of 32 581 subjects) may indicate a bacterial infection. In the presence of these signs, it might be appropriate do disallow donating platelets to prevent bacterial contamination of platelet concentrates and complications in the recipient, all the more so as the current mandatory control of blood products sterility is far from being perfect. Deviations in reticulocytes levels during the 6 years of follow up was discovered in 26 (0.05%) of 52 379 donors and in all cases was associated with a low concentration of hemoglobin. Obviously, the screening of this indicator is needless. The substantial part of potential donors infected with hepatitis B virus (80.6%) and C (65.2%) showed no evidence of cytolysis, which once again raises the question of the diagnostic value of alanine aminotransferase level screening in blood donors testing.Conclusion. The excessiveness for combined screening for hemoglobin and hematocrit levels, reticulocyte concentrations, bilirubin levels was demonstrated. Efforts targeted at the forming of stable population of donors reduced the donation exemptions due to low hemoglobin level and presence of specific markers for viral hepatitis.
Endoscopic surgeries and correction of homeostasis disorders in patients with obstructive jaundice
Authors: Malkov I S , Zakirov G R , Korobkov V N , Nasrullayev M N
Published: May 2015

Aim. To improve the treatment results of patients with obstructive jaundice using endoscopic methods for restoring biliary tract patency. Methods. A retrospective analysis of treatment results of 636 patients, treated in the surgical departments of City Clinical Hospital №7, Kazan, Russia in 2004-2014 with obstructive jaundice induced by tumors and other diseases was performed. Results. It was revealed that using endoscopic techniques for biliary system decompression allows to improve the treatment results. Our observations of patients 2014 with obstructive jaundice induced by tumors and other diseases suggest that the most important element of a comprehensive treatment of such patients is the earliest possible biliary tract decompression using minimally invasive approach, including endoscopic papillotomy and biliary tract stenting. The liver failure stage is an important criterion that defines patient management in case of obstructive jaundice. In patients with obstructive jaundice, treatment of endogenous toxemia and liver failure, according to the contemporary approaches, is based on drug administration and infusions of the required volume and contents, associated with one of the methods for biliary decompression therapy adequate in its formula and size. Conclusion. Endoscopic surgeries are indicated in the majority of acute, recurrent, and chronic large duodenal papilla obstruction cases. Performing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, endoscopic pancreatic sphincterotomy in obstructive jaundice not associated with biliary tumors may refuse the surgical approach or reduce its volume and surgical injury.
Clinical experience of using «Haemoblock» hemostatic solution in surgical practice
Authors: Andreev A I , Ibragimov R A , Kuznetsov M V , Fatykhov A M , Anisimov A Yu
Published: May 2015

Aim. The clinical assessment of safety and hemostatic effect of «Haemoblock» hemostatic solution for arresting active bleeding from abdominal cavity tissues at open and laparoscopic surgeries.Methods. A total of 26 patients underwent surgeries. In 11 cases of acute calculous cholecystitis the drug was delivered to the bleeding surface during laparoscopic surgery by gauze soaked in «haemoblock» solution, which was introduced through 5 mm laparoscopic port (the first group). In 15 cases of acute adhesive intestinal obstruction, the drug was applied to the wound surface by moistened gauze during the open surgery (the second group).Results. In 23 (88.5%) cases of 26, stable hemostatic effect was obtained. Mean hemostasis time was 2.09±0.2 minutes in the first group and 2.53±0,15 minutes in the second group. The first group of patients, hemostasis occurred within 1-3 minutes in 10 (90.9%) of 11 patients, no secondary bleeding and suppuration was noticed. One patient (9.1%) of the first group developed recurrent bleeding from the gallbladder bed, requiring repeated surgery. Two (13.3%) patients of the second group had recurrent bleeding, requiring additional re-use of the drug with an exposure of 4 min. After using «Haemoblock», no postoperative complications such as fistula formation of adhesions, as well as reactive abdominal cavity effusions, were observed. No toxic of allergic reactions, irritating effect on the surrounding tissues no influence on systemic hemostasis were reported.Conclusion. «Haemoblock» is an effective local hemostatic that could be used as additional treatment to control parenchymal bleeding at abdominal and laparoscopic surgery.
Clotting activity of camphene derivatives
Authors: Rakhmatullina A A , Turaev R G , Kiselev S V , Nikitina L E , Bodrov A V
Published: May 2015

Aim. To study of the influence of new synthetized sulfur-containing derivatives of camphene on the thrombocytes aggregating ability and clotting activity of human blood plasma in vitro. Methods. Sulfides and sulphones of camphene were synthesized by thiols electrophilic addition reaction. The structures of the synthetized compounds were clarified by using of 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance, chromato-mass spectrometry and X-ray analysis. Clotting activity of the synthetized compounds was assessed by studying the spontaneous platelet aggregation and plasma coagulating activity of the venous blood of patients with ischemic heart disease. The induced platelets aggregation was studied on plasma obtained from healthy donors. Results. The synthetized compounds demonstrated anti-aggregating and anti-coagulating activity: they inhibited spontaneous and induced thrombocyte aggregation as well as reduced coagulating ability of human plasma. Both camphene sulphone and mainly camphene sulfide (in contrast with acetylsalicylic acid and clopidogrel) totally inhibited thrombocytes aggregation induced by adrenaline, adenosine diphosphate, collagen and arachidonic acid, and decreased the influence of ristocetin. Anticoagulant activity of the synthetized substances is associated to their potential to inhibit thrombocyte activation and to reduce the catalyst activity of phospholipid surface participating in coagulating complexes and clotting factors formation. Conclusion. Low toxicity of terpenoids together with discovered anticoagulant activity of sulfur-containing derivatives of camphene revealing the promising potential of these drugs for further development of novel medical treatments for treating and prevention of different types of thrombophilia.
ENGINEERING STUDENTS’ BLENDED LEARNING IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors: Ahrens Andreas , Zaščerinska Jeļena , Andreeva Natalia
Published: May 2015

Blended learning in higher education has already become an indispensable tool in both university staff and students’ daily life. A number of definitions of blended learning have been developed. However, these definitions mostly focus on the synergy of traditional and online instruction, thereby these definitions lack its main notion - blended learning. These othersided definitions do not contribute to the qualitative blended learning for the improvement of students’ learning achievements. Aim of the present paper is to analyze and work out the definition of blended learning underpinning analysis of quality of blended learning for the improvement of students’ learning achievements. The meaning of the key concepts of blended learning and students’ learning achievements is studied. Moreover, the logical chain of analysis is shown: blended learning → students’ learning achievements → empirical study within a multicultural environment. The results show that students’ learning achievements after having been implemented the blended learning process have been enhanced. Directions of further research are proposed. The novel contribution of the paper is the definition of blended learning worked out by the paper’s authors.
ADVANCEMENT OF E-PORTFOLIO SYSTEM TO IMPROVE COMPETENCE LEVELS
Authors: Gorbunovs Aleksandrs , Kapenieks Atis , Kudina Ieva
Published: May 2015

Nowadays educational process is not imaginable without applications of information technologies. Their implementations in different technology enhanced learning programs, platforms and systems are becoming more and more popular in educational institutions all over the world. Appropriate usage of information systems has already gained significant place in curriculums and learning processes. However, due to rather high dropout rate and insufficient learning outcomes educational organisations are still seeking for new systems, tools and methods which would enhance learners’ competence development. This paper describes benefits of a new ePortfolio system created by Riga Technical University’s researchers group, its testing results in Living Lab environment in study year 2012/2013, and comparative analysis with initial version of the system implemented in previous year. Findings show that introduced new ePortfolio system has a great positive impact on learning outcomes and learners’ competence development.
SUBTAINABILITY OF FAMILY VALUES THROUGHOUT THE GENERATIONS AS VIEVED BY THE BACHELOR PROGRAM STUDENTS
Authors: Ilisko Dzintra , Kravale - Paulina Marite
Published: May 2015

The meaning of a term “family” differs from one group of people to another and changes over time. The definition has important political, economic, social and ecological consequences, often determining family members’ roles, rights and obligations. Maintaining and fostering the value of strong families ensures a sustainable development of a country. Strong family with stable values is an excellent instrument of resistance and adaptation to the external world and pressures. The study presents the survey done on bachelor program students’ view on sustainability and how they maintain family values throughout the generations. This helps to build bridges over the traditional and the modernity aspects that emerge in the society’s contemporary understanding of a family as a structural and spiritual unit. The methods of the research employed are the following: the study presents a qualitative research that comprises the content analyses of fifty six essays on a perception of a family by the bachelor programme students from one regional university of Latvia. The data is supported by the focus group interviews carried out with the full time students that are employed in the educational courses „Family pedagogy” and „Social pedagogy” (n = 111).
UPDATE OF PEDAGOGICAL VALUES IN THE PROCESS OF YOUNG TEACHERS’ PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Striguna Santa
Published: May 2015

There are values in every profession that are used by its representatives in their professional activity. Such values are important to those working in education, too. The actualization of educational values is to be especially emphasized in the professional development of young teachers. Educational institutions serve as examples for modeling of acquisition and implementation of values and attitudes, for pedagogy implies values later mastered by society. In order to ensure optimal results of the process, it is important to promote the development of young teachers’ competencies for implementing innovations in acquisition of education and consolidate their functional and professional positions.
Values in the World View of Vocational School Students
Authors: Augškalne Inese , Garjāne Beatrise , Rozenblats Jānis
Published: May 2015

The goal of the vocational education is not only to provide the economy with qualified professionals, but also to promote personal development of vocational school students, their motivation, critical thinking, responsibility, values. Values make core of the human world view. In educational perspective, values and world view position the vocational school graduate as a person and professional who is aware of the meaning of life and able to achieve constructive goals in his/ her life. Therefore the study is characterizing personal and professional values as a significant component in the world view of vocational school students in the long term perspective (1998-2013). The results of the research on the process of formation of professional values in Riga Technical High School (1998) and Riga Technical College (2013) and vocational school students world view (2012) have been contrasted and analysed. The results of the study stress the necessity of actualization of the value of profession acquired in the vocational school student’s experience during vocational education.
Project Work – a Challenge for Learner and Teacher
Authors: Drelinga Elga , Jonāne Lolita
Published: May 2015

A topical issue in current sustainable education debate is seeking ways to support inquisitiveness, thinking skills and freedom of choice among learners as well as awaken their responsibility to pursue systematic and independent learning. Projects of various kinds are a plausible means for reaching such educational aims. Project work is essentially focused on achieving a specific result. It welcomes diversity, encourages meaningful learning and promotes comprehension of interconnections. This study explores project work in terms of the philosophical underpinnings of the teaching and learning process, investigates the opportunities of using project work in lower elementary school, appraises teachers’ positive experience and considers relevant solutions for pre-service teacher training and in-service professional development. The study suggests that strategic planning of teaching and learning, teaching and learning through cooperation, and evaluation of learning achievements are most fundamental aspects of project work. The study concludes by emphasising the key importance of creative interaction among the teacher, the learner and the society.
THE ROLE OF INTERCULTURAL SIMULATION GAMES IN THE STUDY PROCESS: THE IMPACT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERCULTURAL COMPETENCE
Authors: Gerulaitienė Eglė
Published: May 2015

Intercultural simulation games are defined as instructional activities that engage and challenge participants with certain experiences. The use of intercultural simulation games in the study process while developing intercultural competence becomes very essential part of education. The primary prerequisite for development of intercultural competence is multicultural environment and methods aimed at creation or simulation of real-life activity and situation. This article examines the conceptual bases for intercultural simulation games in the study process and its impact or efficacy on the development of intercultural competence. Intercultural simulation games are designed and conducted to develop skills and inoculate participants for future experience in a different or unknown cultural environment.
THE EVALUTION OF THE CHANGEABLE EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF LATVIA RURAL SCHOOLS
Authors: Katane Irena , Jurgena Inese , Laizane Anna
Published: May 2015

Nowadays Latvian rural schools function under the conditions of constantly changeable environment, where the process of self-development is observed. Due to the influence of economical, demographical and social crises the problem of the sustainability of a rural school as the educational environment has become urgent in Latvia. The sustainability of rural community and its cultural environment also considerably depends on the sustainability of a rural school. The educational environment of rural schools has been studied by the authors of this article for many years, providing the multi-dimensional point of view. The research results enable to draw a conclusion that very important changes have taken place in the educational environment of research base schools. In outcome rural school of general education becomes a multi-level, multi-component and multi-functional educational environment in the countryside of Latvia that strives by help of education to promote the development of the pupil as a personality as well as the development of the local rural community.
LEADER IN THE SCHOOL NOWADAYS: THEORY AND EXPERIENCE
Authors: Muzis Ivars
Published: May 2015

It is the 21century when everything is subjected to continuous and rapid changes. The human being should be able to adapt to changes in labor market, in the technological world and in globalized life. To operate successfully in free market conditions, the whole economy in Latvia, including all schools, has had to implement constant change. Economic transition demanded from Latvia school heads and teachers radical change in thinking and behavior. The main issue of article is leadership talent identification, development, succession and retention in contextually different primary and secondary schools in Latvia. Quality schools require quality leaders. It is vital that their morale, professional commitment, and sense of professional value and personal worth is maintained, and their creativity and enthusiasms is promoted. Paper will explore leadership talent identification, development, succession and retention in schools. The crucial question is how to achieve heads and teachers commitment to leadership in schools.
Analysis of teachers’ understanding of child-centered approach implementation in pre-school
Authors: Grava Jana
Published: May 2015

The pre-school education includes teaching content and methods, which ensures development of inquisitiveness, initiative and independency. This encourages child to explore skills, solve tasks and make decisions independently. That makes up the ability to think flexibly and be able to use knowledge in different life situations. Such conditions in education meet the guidelines of child-centered pedagogical approaches. Though the majority of preschools present themselves as supporting the child-centered approach, the conclusion is that the term "child-centered approach" is variously understood and interpreted. It makes variety of assumptions about early childhood education process. This article explores teachers' understanding of the factors which determines the childcentered approach, emphasizing the need to respect the interests of a child, to acquire the skills to select and solve problems. Basically, it is provided by adult and child interaction, based on a meaningful and respectful cooperation as a result of developing a child's selfexperience.
Emotional Component in the Development of a Pre-schooler’s will
Authors: Vigule Dagnija
Published: May 2015

The significance of emotions in the formation of the pre-schooler’s will should be emphasized, as joy and interest are activating work of the person and increasing activity and action that both are indicators of will. Limitations in the child’s performance, assigning him/her a passive role, and damping of the pre-schooler’s initiative leads to the loss of a joy and in the meantime the development of will is hindered. The aim of study – theoretical and empirical research of the significance of emotional component in the development of preschooler’s will.
CHALLENGES TO A MULTICULTURAL SOCIETY HIDDEN REALITIES AS BIAS FACTORS OF INTEGRATION
Authors: Frank Michaela
Published: May 2015

The aim of the presentation is deepening the understanding of one` s own heritage, cultural roots and behaviours. Hidden realities start with ourselves as long as we are not conscious of our own cultural constructs. Not knowing them inevitably leads to failures in understanding people with different nationalities. A discourse is initiated which is based on the following selected topics: (1) emotionality, (2) transgenerational transmission and (3) language in dependence on mediation by third persons. Practical experience is linked together with scientific knowledge to increase sensibility for multicultural phenomena contributing to a better understanding for ways of integration.
ОТРАЖЕНИЕ УСТАНОВОК ОБЩЕСТВА ЧЕРЕЗ ПРИКЛАДНОЕ ИСКУССТВО
Authors: Gudonis Vitautas
Published: May 2015

Работы художников, посвященные человеку с ограниченными возможностями, – это отражение отношения общества к нему. От отношения общества, его установок к взрослым и детям с ограниченными возможностями зависит успех развития их социальной реабилитации и интеграции.
Learning the Song Lyrics Through the Movement in Music Teaching for the Pupils aged 6-7
Authors: Kepule Iveta
Published: May 2015

Good reading literacy is one of the basic social and economic requirements for the society of the 21st century. Not all pupils have sufficient reading literacy starting the first grade. Poor reading literacy does not allow the pupils to synthesize melody with the lyrics successfully ; pupils concentrate on reading the lyrics but not on the reproduction of sound and melody in specific rhythm and pitch. The aim of the research is to develop specific methodological techniques for learning the song lyrics through the movement, in order to improve the singing skills of the pupils during the integrated process of music teaching, taking into consideration the modern social processes. The methods of the research: the article reflected the analysis of scientific literature, the opinions are based on the use of the author teaching experience. The article provides a standpoint and practical experience for learning the song lyrics in combination with movements, gestures and mimics.
Content of psychologycal well – being of Latgale population
Authors: Kalvāns Ēriks
Published: May 2015

Psychological well-being affects all areas of a person's life, physical health and social well-being. High psychological well - being make a longer human life and provides continuous personal development and self-improvement. As shown by the results of studies, psychological well-being content varies among different ethnic groups and cultures. Thus, despite the accumulated theoretical and empirical material about the research challenges of wealth, not properly applied research results in other countries to a particular country or region, in this case - Latvia and the Latgale region. Socio-economic development in this region have the lowest rates. These facts raise the question of Latgale adverse socio-economic impact on the psychological well-being of its people. In view of these facts, this study aims are to investigate the population of Latgale psychological well-being lewel and content of this phenomenon.
Influence of internet-media discourse on teachers' tolerance towards third-country nationals
Authors: Pičukāne Ērika
Published: May 2015

The impact of media discourse on the tolerance or intolerance, and other forms of social action is not noticeable in everyday life and difficult to prove, but it accumulates with time into a sizeable effect. Teachers receiving information over public opinion and media discourse, which affects their tolerance or intolerance towards third-country nationals. Media discourse has become the most accessible and often the only source of information on a community and a culture of third-country nationals. Thus, it can be argued that internet media discourse directly influences teacher's tolerance or intolerance towards the target group mentioned above.
Subjective well-being of elderly people in a social care home in the process of participation
Authors: Robiņa Ineta
Published: May 2015

Elderly people feel isolated from their former living place and they need social pedagogical support in the course of integration in a social care home. The integration of elderly people in a social environment is made more difficult because of the possible necessity of participation in the social life. The theoretical analysis has resulted in doing research on the theoretical content of the process of aging as well as in defining well-being and participation indicators. The research has been done in order to broaden the participation possibilities in a social care home, and as a result of the integration process to achieve the elderly people’s subjective well-being.
Latgale Seniors' Satisfaction with Life as One of the Indicators of Quality of Life
Authors: Ušča Svetlana , Ļubkina Velta , Kaupužs Aivars
Published: May 2015

Aging rates and pace of Latvia population are higher and more rapid, the number of people over the working age increases. In this context, such questions as how to prolong their economic and socially active life period appear. One of the solutions would be to create opportunities to increase seniors' satisfaction with life by improving the quality of life according to their needs. Objective of the paper is to study indicators of seniors' quality of life and analyze Latgale seniors' satisfaction with life. Latgale seniors' satisfaction with life is viewed taking into consideration the overall level of national wealth; results of the survey that was carried out within the framework of the project "Evaluation toolkit on seniors education to improve their quality of life" are analyzed.
PREVOCATIONAL TRAINING AND EDUCATION OF STUDENTS WITH SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS IN INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Baranauskienė Ingrida , Jankutė Milda
Published: May 2015

Prevocational training and education in integrated environment is especially important for students with special educational needs because it gives them possibility to avoid social exclusion and discrimination in the labour market. In the present article the possibilities of prevocational training and education of students having special educational needs in integrated environment have been analyzed. Specialists’ attitude towards prevocational training and education of students having special educational needs in integrated environment has been revealed; it has been found out how prevocational training and education is performed; factors influencing effective prevocational training and education have been investigated.
MODELLING OF THE SYSTEM OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF FUNCTIONAL MATHEMATICAL LITERACY IN STUDENTS HAVING MODERATE SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS IN PRACTICE: PEDAGOGUES’ APPROACH
Authors: Baranauskienė Ingrida , Tomėnienė Laima
Published: May 2015

The article deals with the strategies used in of mathematical education, while creating the methodology of the development of mathematical literacy in senior class students of mainstream schools having moderate special educational needs oriented towards the development of functional students’ abilities in practice. 20 pedagogues (teachers of mathematics and special pedagogues) developing mathematical abilities of 30 students having moderate special educational needs in the 8th forms of mainstream schools participated in the action research. As it is shown in the scientific literature, the performed action research has been analyzed: its peculiarities and strategies of application in creating the methodology of the development of functional mathematical literacy in students with moderate special educational needs in the 8th form of mainstream school have been revealed
Family Education as an Element to Improve Quality of Life of Children with Special Needs
Authors: Kokle-Narbuta Iveta
Published: May 2015

The current research aims to analyse the importance of family education in improving life quality of children with special needs. Nowadays our society aim for sustainable development which means equal rights and possibilities for all the citizens but reality shows a different situation, especially it concerns children with special needs. Family education could be one of possible ways how to improve the quality of life. In the current article the author looks on family education as a solution of some problems which have children with special needs through the prism of inclusive environment and sustainable development.
Improvement of Visual and Spatial Conceptions in Students with Dyslexia
Authors: Tūbele Sarmīte
Published: May 2015

Article is devoted to reveal how to improve visual and spatial conceptions in students with dyslexia. Theoretical framework of notions is presented and some practical activities are revealed. Basic concepts of dyslexia are presented and significance of visual and spatial development is described. Some practical aspects are described and stated. There are offered correctional developmental action models and the principles of selection and use of the tasks. The continuity and gradual increase of the difficulty degree is essential for the success of the adjustment and achievement of sustainable results.The latest researches in the neuropsychology have made major contribution to the understanding of the visual-spatial development and its importance during the learning process of reading literacy.They also provide insight into the relationship with specific reading disabilities and justify the necessity and possibilities of correction of visual-spatial perception disorders and deficiencies.
INTEGRATION OF DISABLED PEOPLE IN LITHUANIA PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES FROM THE EDUCATION POINT OF VIEW
Authors: Virbaliene Rita
Published: May 2015

The article analyses the dynamics of the integration of childrenwith special educational needs to Lithuanian general educational institutions by year 2003-2012. Special education is often realized only like a formal transfer of childrenwith special educational needs from one institution to another, without giving sufficientlyqualified help. General educational institutions aren‘t always ready to educate disabled child, because not always a physical environment, educational andcompensatory remedies are adapted. Are teachers ready to receive children with special educational needs, are teaching assistants contained in schools?
REVEALING GHOST BUSINESS-TO-BUSINESS CLIENTS THROUGH GOSH’S MODEL. A CHALLENGE FOR EU LEISURE AND ENTERTAINMENT ACTIVITIES
Authors: Droli Maurizio , Margherita Chang Ting Fa , Iseppi Luca
Published: May 2015

The concept of intermediate market trade contacts (ITC) have been developed as transactional capital resource measured by business-to-business purchases or sales. In the framework of the resource-based view, only valuable, rare, inimitable and non-substitutable firm's resources might be considered as a source of sustained competitive advantage. Supplydriven Ghosh's model has been applied to Eurostat symmetric input-output tables of 23 EU countries. A strong and direct relationship between market horizontal multiplier for productive use and indirect ITC frequency has been found for recreational, cultural and sporting activities. Consequently, valuable and distinct hidden-client purchases could be used as a resource favoring firm development, innovation and territorial integration strategies.
THE QEDUSEN PROJECT; IMPROVING SENIORS’QUALITY OF LIFE THROUGH TO EDUCATION
Authors: Escuder-Mollon Pilar
Published: May 2015

Learning in later life (citizens over 65 or retired) is becoming common. The motivation and interests of the senior citizens to keep learning are mainly personal, they are not job related needs or labour market qualification requirements. These personal aims can be seen from the quality of life (QoL) perspective, where education increases well-being, integration and participation of the elderly in the present society. Institutions dealing with senior learners then face the challenge to provide a socio-educational intervention to senior learners, which has a requirements, needs and motivation different from other adults, and that specific pedagogy, courses and staff qualifications must be considered. From this need the project QEduSen (supported by the Lifelong Learning Programme of the European Commission) produced a guide and a evaluation toolkit
LOMBARDY AND VENETO BIOCULTURAL FINGERPRINT: A DRIVING FORCE FOR TOURISM AND RESIDENTIAL ATTRACTION
Authors: Iseppi Luca , Margherita Chang Ting Fa , Droli Maurizio
Published: May 2015

The approach to the territory’s biocultural fingerprint can be very important when it comes to studying uniformities and differences among different regions. By examining the code of the attributes and the features, it is therefore possible to determine the landscapecultural uniformities which can create a common project for tourism and residential attraction. The differences underline emergencies of a cultural, natural, agricultural, and wine-gastronomic nature which are capable not only of rendering a territory identifiable but also of presenting it to integrated tourist packages and residential perspectives. The objective of this research is to verify the competitive ability which can enhance the potentialities of ‘territorial capital’. This comparative study amongst the fingerprints of the Lombardy and Veneto regions uses a model which can appraise the tourism and residential attraction determining the attributes’ code characterizing homogeneous sets of municipalities.
Development opportunities of basic skills of unemployed in the context of a lifelong education
Authors: Laskova Jelena , Strode Aina
Published: May 2015

One of the qualitative aims of the lifelong education strategy is to increase proportion of people aged 25 to 64 involved in lifelong education. Involvement of unemployed into employment measures is being implemented in compliance with available resources but basic skills of people are not evaluated. In order to increase effectiveness of educational measures, it is necessary to evaluate interests, basic skills, competences, values, career tendencies of unemployed before studies so as to decrease possibilities of mistakes in choice of the courses. The aim of the article: to evaluate basic skills of unemployed in the context of lifelong education and to determine their development opportunities. The research methods used: theoretical - analysis of literature and documentation; empirical: questionnaire. Methods of data processing: analysis if statistic data, the Mann-Whitney U test. Basis of the research: 238 unemployed and job seekers in the regions of Latgale and Zemgale. Respondents are customers of State Employment Agency and social services. The research about basic skills of unemployed and job seekers gives evidence of a low selfesteem, necessity to inform about opportunities to educate and a result where the acquired knowledge can be used.
HOW TO OVERCOME ANALPHABETISM IN READING CHINESE CHARACTER
Authors: Piccinini Livio C. , Margherita Chang Ting Fa , Tubaro Giovanni
Published: May 2015

Most languages in the world use some system of alphabetical characters: Latin, Greek, Cyrillic, Hebrew, Arabic, Hindi and so on. A foreigner that does not know the language can get some information from a written text provided he knows the alphabet and disposes of a dictionary. When there is no longer an alphabet, but only pictorial characters, the problem becomes at first unsolvable. Chinese is the main language where an ignorant foreigner is completely analphabet. Fortunately there are methods that after some training allow the recognition of pictorial characters. In our university some twenty pupils of the Excellence School participated to an experiment of Chinese alphabetization gluing a traditional practical Chinese first course with information theory methods for dealing with image data bases. In this article first we discuss both the theoretical foundations. Then we give a report of the merging of the two conceptual schemes as it was performed at the excellence school. Finally we draw some conclusions about improvements of the method.
Development of Professional Activities of Nurses in an Independent Latvia (1991-1999)
Authors: Odiņa Olga , Sargsjane Jeļena
Published: May 2015

Nowadays Latvian nurses work in health care institutions, or are self-employed, providing independently patient care, participating in treatment, managing patient care work, educating patients, their family members, care team members and society. Modern nursing qualification is equal to the international level. To reach this level it was necessary to reform nursing professional development (education, registration, re-registration and introduction of nursing certification), which took place during the first ten years of Latvian restoration of independence.
Cuestiones actuales del régimen jurídico-administrativo de las Cajas de ahorros españolas
Authors: Casares Marcos Ana Belén
Published: May 2015

Las reformas legislativas que han afectado en los últimos tiempos a la organización y el funcionamiento del sistema financiero español han tenido una especial repercusión en el ámbito de las cajas de ahorros. La tramitación parlamentaria de la Ley 44/2002, de 22 de noviembre, de Medidas de Reforma del Sistema Fianciero, reavivó el debate sobre su régimen jurídico y la necesidad de acotar la intervención pública en su seno. Ahonda en ello la Ley 26/2003 , de 17 de julio, de Transparencia, que extiende al ámbito de las cajas la preocupación por el corporate governance. Ambas normas responden a la necesidad de dar respuesta a algunos de los problemas más inmediatos a que se enfrentan estas entidades, si bien adolecen de un defecto fundamental por cuanto no abordan de forma exhaustiva la regulación de la institución. Se perpetúa así la trayectoria tradicional de "parcheo" del régimen jurídico aplicable a las mismas, evitando entrar en la cuestión esencial de la definición de su naturaleza jurídica y abocando a las cajas, en consecuencia, al díficil reto de acompasar su vocación social tradicional a las nuevas exigencias legales en pro de una mayor eficiencia, racionalidad y neutralidad de su acitividad económica.

Recent legal changes pertaining to the organization and performance of the Spanish financial system have had significant repercussions on the savings banks sector. The law on financial market reform passed in 2002, Ley Financiera, raised once again the debate on their legal situation and the urge to cut down public influence on their management. The 2003 Transparency Law, Ley de Transparencia, follows this reform and extends corporate governance to Spanish savings banks. Both Laws seek to confront some of the most important issues raised by these credit institutions, but they also share the flaw of not regulating its legal framework and status completely. They continue, therefore, to add "patches" to the savings banks legislation, challenging these institutions to combine its function as a credit institution in a market economy and its position as a social foundation
Crisis internacional y demanda efectiva en un modelo macroeconómico estructuralista
Authors: Asiaín Andrés
Published: May 2015

En este artículo desarrollamos un modelo macroeconómico de dos sectores, uno primario exportador y otro industrial que abastece el mercado interno. El análisis se completa incorporando la restricción del balance de pagos y del presupuesto público, de crucial importancia para las economías latinoamericanas y ciertas economías de la periferia europea. Bajo este esquema se estudia el impacto de la crisis internacional y se proponen tres políticas para enfrentarla: una reducción de los pagos por la deuda externa pública, un gravamen interno sobre el consumo de productos cuya oferta es básicamente externa y un gravamen sobre la compra de divisas por motivos financieros.

The article proposes two-sector macroeconomic model, an exporting primary sector, and an industrial sector producing for the domestic market. The study includes the balance of payments and the public budget constrains, crucial in Latin American and peripheral European economies. The impact of the international economic crisis is integrated into this model; and three economic policies are suggested to overcome it: a cut on public external debt payments, a tax increase on imported goods consumption, and a tax on foreign currency acquisition for financial purposes.
Las Cajas de Ahorros en España durante el Régimen de Franco y la Transición Democrática : Su importancia en la economía regional
Authors: Coronas Vida Luis Javier
Published: May 2015

En este artículo analizaremos las conexiones entre el desarrollo regional y la evolución de las cajas de ahorros, a partir del PIB regional per cápita y los depósitos en las cajas de ahorros, agrupados por regiones. El PIB real per cápita creció rápidamente en todas las regiones desde 1959 (el segundo franquismo). Aunque el crecimiento de las regiones pobres fue más fuerte que el de las ricas, en 1980 el PIB per cápita de las pobres no alcanzaba el 59% del correspondiente a las ricas (pero en 1945 era sólo el 43%). Los depósitos per cápita en las cajas de ahorros de las regiones pobres eran extremadamente reducidos en 1945 (sólo el 8% del dato correspondiente a las ricas); sin embargo en 1980 había alcanzado el 40%. El crecimiento de los depósitos en las regiones pobres fue acompañado por un crecimiento de la población débil (11% entre 1945 y 1980); por otra parte, el crecimiento demográfico en las regiones ricas alcanzó el 127%.

In this paper we will analyse connections between regional development and the Savings Banks evolution in Spain, attending to regional GDP, per capita, and Savings Banks deposits accounts, gathered together by regions. Real GDP per capita, in all Spanish regions, increased quickly since 1959 (the 2nd Franco's era). Although, poor regions growth was stronger than that of the rich ones, in 1980, GDP per capita in poor regions didn't reach up to 59% of rich ones (even though in 1945 was only 43%).
Savings Banks deposits per capita in poor regions were extremely short in 1945 (only 8% of the rich ones); nevertheless, in 1980 they reached 40%. Deposit increase in poor regions was also accompanied by a short population growth (11% between 1945 and 1980); on the other hand, demographic development in rich regions reached 127%.
La inconsistencia de la moral tributaria : El caso de los moralistas evasores
Authors: Giarrizzo Victoria , Sibori Juan Sebastián
Published: May 2015

La evasión tributaria es un fenómeno complejo. No existen causas ni soluciones únicas. Sin embargo, un factor determinante es la moral del contribuyente. Si bien el cumplimiento fiscal es un deber ciudadano, una de las cuestiones que se plantean cuando se explora la evasión en los países con incumplimiento tributario, es cuál es el grado de moral tributaria en esa sociedad, surgiendo preguntas como: ¿la evasión fiscal ocurre por la ausencia de moral tributaria o a pesar de la existencia de moral tributaria? Este trabajo explora la moral tributaria en la sociedad argentina, presentando evidencia sobre el grado de moral de los contribuyentes y destacando cómo un porcentaje mayoritario de la población entiende el incumplimiento fiscal como una acción incorrecta pero a pesar de ello, evade. Así, mientras la evidencia muestra que en los países con alto cumplimiento tributario la moral tributaria es elevada, no siempre ocurre el caso inverso. Sociedades con elevada moral tributaria pueden convivir con elevados niveles de evasión, irrumpiendo en escena un grupo de 'Moralistas Evasores'.

The tax evasion is a complex phenomenon. There are neither single causes nor single solutions. Nevertheless, a determinant factor is the taxpayer's morality. Although the tax compliance is a civic duty, one of the questions that appears when the evasion is explored in the countries with substantial levels of evasion, is the degree of tax morality in those countries. Some questions arise such as: Does tax evasion happen for the absence of tax morality or spite of it? This paper explores the tax morality in Argentina, presenting evidence of a level of tax morality and emphasizing how an important part of the population understands evasion as an incorrect action, but even thought they evade. In so doing, while the evidence shows that in countries with high tax payment the tax morality is high, but it does not happen the other way round. Countries with high tax morality can coexist with high levels of evasion, appearing a group of 'Moralist Evaders'.