bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KUALITAS AIR TERDAMPAK LIMBAH SEBAGAI INDIKATOR PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN DI SUB DAS MARTAPURA KABUPATEN BANJAR
Authors: Sofiana Masdarina , Kadarsah Anang , Sofarini Dini
Published: April 2022

Banyaknya aktivitas antropogenik seperti pembuangan limbah industri dan domestik ke perairan menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan kulitas air, seperti halnya di sub DAS Martapura Kabupaten Banjar. Tentunya hal ini  patut diwaspadai mengingat keberadaan limbah akan berdampak terhadap kualitas lingkungan dan pengembangan kapasitas sumber daya dalam konteks pembangunan berkelanjutan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kualitas air yang terdampak limbah sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai indikator perencanaan pembangunan berkelanjutan di sub DAS Martapura secara khusus. Lokasi penelitian berada di sub DAS Martapura Kabupaten Banjar dengan 4 titik  sampling berdasarkan keberadaan sumber limbah  yang dominan. Kualitas air sungai diukur berdasarkan parameter fisika dan kimia. Analisis kualitas dan penentuan status mutu air menggunakan metode STORET. Hasilnya adalah (1) Parameter fisika-kimia perairan yang terdampak pencemaran  di  sub DAS  Martapura  Kabupaten  Banjar terutama :  DO, BOD, COD, pH dan suhu pada beberapa stasiun pengamatan nilainya telah melebihi baku mutu air sungai Kelas II menurut PP No. 22 Tahun 2021. (2) Hasil perhitungan status mutu air pada sub DAS Martapura menunjukkan total skor sebesar -18. Kondisi perairan di sub DAS Martapura menunjukkan diperlukannya usaha mitigasi dan adaptasi dampak pencemaran lingkungan yang terintegrasi untuk mendukung program pembangunan berkelanjutan. Kata kunci: Kualitas Air, Metode STORET, Sub DAS Martapura. Numerous anthropogenic activities like industrial and domestic waste disposal into the waters causes decreasing water quality, as is the case in the Martapura sub-watershed, Banjar Regency.  This should be watched out for considering waste will affect environmental quality and resource capacity development in context of sustainable development.The research purpose was to determine the water quality affected by waste, using it as an indicator of sustainable development planning in the Martapura sub-watershed specifically. The research location was the Martapura sub-watershed with 4 sampling points based on the presence of dominant waste source. River water quality was measured based on physical and chemical parameters. Quality analysis and determination of water quality status was done using the STORET method. The results are (1)The physico-chemical parameters of waters affected by pollution in the Martapura sub-watershed, Banjar Regency, especially: DO, BOD, COD, pH and temperature at several observation stations have exceeded the Class II river water quality standard according to Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021. (2)The results of the calculation of water quality status in the Martapura sub-watershed show a total score of-18. Martapura sub-watershed waters condition showed the need for integrated mitigation and adaptation of environmental pollution impacts to support sustainable development programs. Keywords: Martapura Sub-Watershed, STORET Method, Water Quality.
KAJIAN PERBAIKAN SIFAT FISIKA DAN KIMIA TANAH PASCA TAMBANG MENGGUNAKAN METODE COMPOSTING BERBAHAN DASAR SAMPAH ORGANIK DENGAN VARIASI AKTIVATOR MOL DAN EM4
Authors: Destania Frissilia , Prihatini Nopi Stiyati
Published: April 2022

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis metode composting berbahan dasar sampah organik dengan aktivator MOL dan EM4 dalam memperbaiki sifat fisika dan kimia tanah pasca tambang. Permasalahan utama dari tanah pasca tambang adalah sedikitnya kandungan unsur hara, memiliki pH yang rendah (masam), dan minimnya nilai C-organik pada tanah. Tanah pasca tambang berada di fase kerusakan dan perlu dilakukan pembenahan. Pembenahan dapat dilakukan dengan penambahan kompos pada tanah pasca tambang. Kompos merupakan pupuk organik yang berasal dari proses pelapukan bahan-bahan organik. Aktivator kompos berfungsi untuk mempercepat proses dekomposisi pada kompos. Penggunaan aktivator EM4 dan MOL bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kualitas kompos yang dihasilkan. Penambahan aktivator MOL dan EM4 dapat mempengaruhi kualitas kompos dan dari kedua aktivator tersebut tidak memberikan perbedaan yang terlalu signifikan sehingga kedua nya efektif digunakan sebagai aktivator kompos. Penambahan kompos pada tanah pasca tambang mampu meningkatkan unsur hara tanah. Hal ini terbukti dari beberapa hasil penelitian yang menunjukan adanya perubahan warna tanah menjadi kehitaman, peningkatan nilai C-organik, pH netral, serta peningkatan nilai N, P dan K pada tanah pasca tambang.  Kata kunci: EM4, Komposting, MOL, Tanah. This article aims to analyze the composting method based on organic waste with MOL and EM4 activators to improve the physical and chemical properties of post-mining soil. The main problems of post-mining soil are the lack of nutrients, have a low pH (acidic), and the minimal value of C-organic in the soil. The post-mining soil is in the damage phase and needs to be improved. Improvements can be made by adding compost to the post-mining soil. Compost is an organic fertilizer that comes from the weathering process of organic materials. Compost activator serves to speed up the decomposition process in compost. The use of EM4 and MOL activators aims to determine the difference in the quality of the compost produced. The addition of MOL and EM4 activators can affect the quality of compost and the two activators do not provide too significant differences so that both are effectively used as compost activators. The addition of compost to post-mining soil can increase soil nutrients. This is evident from several research results which show a change in soil color to black, an increase in the value of C-organic, neutral pH, and an increase in the value of N, P and K in post-mining soil. Keywords: Composting, EM4, MOL, Soil.
KOMBINASI AERASI TERDIFUSI, BIOSAND FILTER DAN KARBON AKTIF UNTUK MENGOLAH LIMBAH DOMESTIK
Authors: Nurhayati Indah , Syafi'i Muhammad
Published: April 2022

Biosand filter adalah salah satu teknologi yang dapat diterapkan untuk mengolah air limbah domestik skala rumah tangga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kombinasi aerasi, biosand filter dan adsobsi dalam menurunkan COD dan fosfat, mengkaji pengaruh debit terhadap penurunan COD dan fosfat.  Reaktor terdiri dari bak aerasi volume 50 L dengan aerator terdifusi dengan tipe TAKARI AT-350, kolom biosand filter dari pipa PVC 8” tinggi 75 cm dengan media pasir halus, pasir kasar dan kerikil, dan kolom adsorpsi dari pipa PVC 6” tinggi 15 cm dengan adsorben karbon aktif granul. Penelitian dilakukan dalam skala laboratorium dengan sistem batch. Variasi yang digunakan adalah debit aliran 0,9 ml/detik dan 3,6 ml/detik. Reaktor beroperasi selama 7 hari, pengambilan sampel dilakukan setiap hari pada inlet dan outlet. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin kecil debit semakin tinggi penurunan COD dan fosfat. BSF1 debit 0,9 ml/detik dapat menurunkan COD sebesar 92% dan fosfat 88%; BSF2 debit 3,6 ml/detik dapat menurunkan COD sebesar 75% dan fosfat 78%. Kata Kunci : Aerasi, Air Limbah Domestik, Biosand Filter, Karbon Aktif. The biosand filter is a technology that can be applied to treat domestic wastewater on a household scale. This study aims to analyze the combination of aeration, biosand filter, and adsorption in reducing COD and phosphate, examine the effect of discharge on the reduction of COD and phosphate. The reactor consists of an aeration tank with a volume of 50 L with a diffused aerator of the TAKARI AT-350 type, a biosand filter column made of 8” PVC pipe 75 cm high with fine sand, coarse sand and gravel media, and an adsorption column made of 6” PVC pipe 15 cm high, with granular activated carbon adsorben. Research on a laboratory scale with a batch system. Variations used are flow rates of 0.9 ml/second and 3.6 ml/second. The reactor operates for 7 days, sampling is done every day at the inlet and outlet. The results showed that the smaller the discharge, the higher the decrease in COD and phosphate. BSF1 discharge of 0.9 ml/second can reduce COD by 92% and phosphate by 88%; BSF2  of 3.6 ml/second can reduce COD by 75% and phosphate by 78%.  Keywords: Activated Carbon, Aeration, Biosand Filter, Domestic Wastewater.
Aplikasi Michat Sebagai Media Prostitusi Online di Banjarmasin
Authors: Damayanti Irma , Hidayat Yusuf , P Reski
Published: April 2022

This study aims to (1) find out the pattern of online prostitution activities through the MiChat application (2) find out the competition in online prostitution through the MiChat application. This research used a qualitative research method. To obtain samples, this research used purposive sampling. Criteria for informants in this study were Commercial Sex Workers who worked online aged 20-35 years. The data collection was obtained by using observation and interview techniques with 3 (three) informants namely Mirna, Ayu and Nina and documentation. The data was analyzed by using data reduction, display and verification steps. The results showed that: (1) The pattern of online prostitution activities through the MiChat application was divided into two, namely working with pimps and independently. Commercial Sex Workers who collaborate with their pimps only serve guests their pimps are looking for. Whereas commercial sex workers who work independently must carry out their own promotions and negotiations. (2) Competition that occured in Online prostitution was that with fellow colleagues of the same profession, with fraudsters who take advantage and appearance in order to be able to maintain the existence of Commercial Sex Workers. Based on the results of this study, it is suggested to block internet sites that provide all matters relating to prostitution and pornography need to be controled by the government oversight and laws on internet sites and their uses even though there are laws to prostitution but a powerful way to overcome them is so that everyone fortifies themselves and their families by reinforcing morals with religious values and other values
PENGARUH VARIASI BENTUK (SILINDER PENJAL DAN SILINDER BERONGGA), UKURAN PARTIKEL DAN TEKANAN TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK PEMBAKARAN BRIKET LIMBAH ARANG ALABAN-SEKAM PADI
Authors: Syarief Akhmad , Fadliyanur  , Suryanta Dhanu , Napitupulu Hansen Rivaldo , Ramadhasari Aulia Aufa , Putranto Defrihans Galang , Hakim Lukmanul
Published: April 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bentuk briket dari limbah arang kulit kayu alaban yang memiliki karakteristik pembakaran paling efisien. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode eksperimen di laboratorium. Proses penelitian dimulai dari penyaringan limbah arang alaban, pencetakan kemudian uji karakteristik pembakaran. Ukuran partikel yang digunakan pada pembuatan briket adalah 20 dan 40 mesh, tekanan pencetakan 50 kg/cm2 dan 100 kg/cm2. Perbandingan antara limbah arang alaban dan sekam padi ialah 90:10 dan berat spesimen briket 22 gram. Bentuk briket yang digunakan ialah silinder pejal dan silinder berongga. Uji karakteristik pembakaran dilakukan untuk menentukan penyalaan awal, laju pembakaran dan temperatur pembakaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa briket dengan bentuk silinder berongga memiliki laju pembakaran dan penyalaan awal paling efisien dengan nilai laju pembakaran sebesar 0,22 g/menit dengan ukuran partikel 40 mesh dan tekanan 100 kg/cm2. Sedangkan briket dengan bentuk silinder pejal mempunyai laju pembakaran dan penyalaan awal paling rendah yaitu sebesar 0,14 g/menit dengan ukuran partikel 40 mesh dan tekanan 50 kg/cm2.
Women’s representation in Lesotho’s legislative bodies. A Politico-Legal Analysis of the Effectiveness of Electoral Gender Quotas
Authors: Nyane Hoolo , Rakolobe Mamello
Published: April 2022

Women are under-represented in legislative bodies in the majority of countries, and Lesotho is no exception to this worldwide trend. In an attempt to address this problem, the country has adopted, through electoral laws, electoral gender quota systems for both local and national legislative structures. The country has introduced a 30% gender quota requirement for election to the local councils at the local level. At the national level, it introduced a ‘zebra list’ – the condition that when political parties submit lists for the purposes of 40 proportional representation (PR) seats in the National Assembly, the names must alternate between those of men and women. The idea was to attain 50% representation of women in the National Assembly, at least for the 40 PR seats. The effectiveness of these two quota systems in enhancing women’s representation has been the subject of intense disagreement. The animating question is whether, since the adoption of gender quotas, the representation of women in legislative bodies has improved. The article investigates this question using the qualitative content analysis method. The central hypothesis is that electoral gender quotas in Lesotho, particularly at the national level, have not significantly improved the representation of women. The paper critiques the models used and makes some recommendations for reform.
PENGARUH PERSEPSI OWNER, PEMAHAMAN, PENGETAHUAN DAN PENERAPAN SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI TERHADAP KINERJA UMKM DI BETENG TRADE CENTER (BTC) SOLO
Authors: Meylani Caroline Winda , Ismunawan
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan yaituuntuk mengatahui mengenai pengetahuan pemilik usaha mengenai sistem informasi akuntansi yang baik dan benar yang dimiliki oleh pemilik usaha serta bagaimana sistem akuntansi ini terealisasikan serta dapat berguna dalam menjalankan UMKM ini. Pengalaman dari Pemilik Usaha dapat disebarkan kepada karyawan dan Pengetahuan pemilik usaha harus lebih dikembangkan lagi dan direalisasikan kepada pegawai yang nantinya dapat berguna dalam pengambilan keputusan.Responden survei ini berjumlah 82 responden di Beteng TradeCenter Solo. Metode penyebaran kuesioneradalah metode yang diterapkan dalam survei ini. Metode analisis data yang dipakai adalah regresi berganda dengan menggunakan program SPSS versi 2019. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa kesadaran kepemilikan tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja mikro, kecil dan menengah. Memahami perusahaan besar dan akuntansi memiliki dampak besar pada kinerja sistem informasi untuk usaha mikro dan UMKM. Pengetahuan tentang menengah danSIAmemiliki dampak yang signifikan terhadap kinerja usaha mikro. Bagi UMKM, penerapan SIA berdampak signifikan terhadap kinerja UMKM.
Study of Sucrose and Glucose Syrup Dosages on the Quality of Milk Caramel Candy
Authors: Rofiah Ari , WDP Al Machfudz
Published: April 2022

Milk has high nutritionalvalue due to its content, such as essential fatty acid, high protein, lactose as brain nutrition and calcium. However, itis perishable food that makesshortershelf-life. Due to its short shelf-life, processing to be the dairy products is method to extend the shelf-life.Milk caramel candy is one of dairy products that hasspesific taste and odor. Aim of this study was to determine and study the concentrations effetct of sucrose and glucose syrup towards the quality of milk caramel candy. Different concentrations of sucrose were 100, 125 and150gram, respectively. Another observation was glucose syrup and its concentrations were30, 40 and50gram.Experiment was designed byfactorialand randomized block design was used in this research. The quality was observed bychemicalanalysis, physical analysisandorganoleptic tests.Statistical analysis wereanalyzed usingANOVA, followed by HonestlySignificant Difference (HSD) 5% and organoleptic test datawasanalyzed byFriedmantest. Concentration ofsucroseandglucosesyrup weresignificantlydifferent on moisture content, reducing sugarcontent, textureandnotsignificantly differenton carbohydrate, fat, andprotein content. Organoleptic datawere significantly different oncolor, flavor, andtextureexceptaroma. The best quality wasmilk caramel candy using 100 gramof sucroseand30 gram ofglucosesyrupwithin its sensory quality werecolorvalueof 3.40, 3.80 for flavor, 3.37 for aroma;3.73 fortexture. Chemical and physical qualities werewater contentof 7.56%;reducing sugarlevels content of19.99%;carbohydrate content of59.62%;fat content of4.42%;protein content of3.04%, andtexture3.87mm/50g/5sec.
The Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizae and the Percentage of Lapindo Mud Media on the Growth and Production of Kangkung Darat (Ipomoea Sp.)
Authors: Hakim Abdul , Arifin Saiful
Published: April 2022

Lapindomud has been being a problem, especially in agriculture area. Special treatments are needed in using Lapindo mud, one of them is mixed Lapindo mud with soil.Not only supports plant growth, but also mycorrhiza form a mutualistic relationship with plant on critical and damaged land. This research aimed to study about interactions and effect ofLapindo mud and arbuscular mycorrhizal on kangkung(Ipomoea sp) yield. The experiment was conducted on May to June 2014. Factorial design was arranged as Randomized Block Design with each treatment using Lapindo mud 0%, 20%, 30% and without the addition of mycorrhizal and repeated 3 times. Variable were plant length, number of leaves, stem diameter, root length, stover fresh and dry weight, yield of fresh components and dry weight.Data obtained in this research were analyzed by ANOVA, then followed by HSD 5%. The results data of administration of mycorrhiza and percentages Lapindo mud showed that real interaction to the number of leaves (M1L1) with results of 9.22. In the provision of mycorrhiza was significantly different at the plant lenght (27.22), stem diameter (0.47) and dry weight (1.27) plant that is on the media by giving mycorrhiza (M1). While the media Lapindo mud percentage was significantly different to the length of the plant (30.63), number of leaves (14.39), stem diameter (0.48), the weight of the wet stover (7.87), dry weight (1.27), root fresh weight (2.87), and root length (22.64) plant on media Lapindo mud percentage of 0% (L0).
Garut (Marantha Arundinaceae L.) Starch-Based Cookies with Rice Bran and Whole Wheat Flour as a Source of Fiber
Authors: Kifayah Rofi’ul , Basori Basori
Published: April 2022

The escalation of degenerative diseases can be prevented by consuming fibrous foods. This study focus onproduct development of cookies from arrowroot starch with the addition of rice bran and whole wheat flour as fiber source. The addition of fiber was conductedusing various  concentration of 0-30%. Aim of this study was determinedto add therice bran and whole wheat flour against physical-chemical properties of cookies. The data of physical-chemical properties were analyzed by Anova, followed by HSD test, while the organoleptic data were analyzed using Friedman test and determining the best treatment using method effectiveness index (De Garmo). Best quality wasshowedon proportion of20% rice bran flour (P2) and 20% whole wheat (P5) with the average value of the water content in sequence P2 and P5 are: 2.50% and 2.67%, 1.44% and dietary fiber 1.67%, 8.35% protein and 57.12%, and 60.73% texture and 65.80%. Organoleptic datashowedpreferable panelist on the color scale of 3.69 (regular) and 4.8 (a bit like), a sense of scale 4.13 (regular) and 4.77 (a bit like), aroma scale of 4.57 (slightly like) and 4.73 (a bit like), and the texture scale 4.37 (regular) and 4.33 (regular).
Effect of Planting Media Type and Nutrient Concentration on Early Growth of Tomato (Lycopersicum Esculentum Mill) in Hydroponic System
Authors: Asmarawati Dwi
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of interaction between types of growing media with nutrient concentrations on the growth and production of tomato (Lycopersicum ecsculentum Mill) in the hydroponic system. Conducted in the plastics chamber, drum Durung Village district. Temple District. Sidoarjo. In May until September 2003. The experiment was arranged in factorial using completely randomized design (CRD) . The first factor is the concentration of nutrients, namely: control (K0), K1 = 10cc/lt of water (K1), 15cc/lt of water (K2), 20cc/lt of water (K3); the second factor is the growing media comprising: sand (M1), gravel (M2) and paddy’s husk (M3); the replay 3 times obtained 108 experimental unit. The results of the study at 45 days after planting showed: (i) the presence of interactions between the types of growing media concentration of nutrients to the number of branches as well as wet weight and root dry weight, (ii) the growing media influence the mean difference in plant height, number of branches, number of leaves, fresh weight and root dry weight, (iii) differences in nutrient concentrations perbedaan effect on the average number of branches , fresh weight and root dry weight.
Studying the Yield Potential of Small Lombok Plants (Capsicum frutescense L.) Planted in Containers Due to Volume of Water Supply in Various Soil Types and Composition of Planting Media
Authors: Faridz Raden , Nurholifah Sri
Published: April 2022

The aim of this research was to study the yield potential of Capsicum frutescence affected by difference watering volume on varies soi types and growth media compositions. This research was held at Trunojoyo University about 3 m above sea level with the average rainfall about 1685 mmper year. A transparent plastic roof was used to protect the experiment from rain. Polybags used were 40 cm x 20 cm in sized. Split plot design arranged as factorial was used in this experiment and was replicated three times. As main factor was volume of watering wiyh three levels of 0,25;0,5; 0,75; and 1,00 times of fied water capacity. The subfactors were soil types and media composition. The four levels of soil type used were regosol, vertisol, mediterane and alluvial. The three levels of media composition were proportion of soil: manure: rice husk of 1: 1: 1; 1: 2: 1; and 2: 2: 1. Result of this experiment showed that all of combination between treatments did not influence yield and yield components. But individual treatments significantly influenced the yield and some yield components. Fruit weight of 0,90; 1,02; and 0,91 g were given by watering volume of 0,75 times of field water capacity; alluvial soil type and media composition of soil: manure: rice husk (2 ; 2: 1), respectively
Study of Nitrogen Fertilizer Concentration and Types of Growth Regulators in Vegetative Growth of Orchid Plants (Dendrobium spp)
Authors: Wachid Abdul
Published: April 2022

This study was conducted to determine the initial growth of orchids from application of various concentrations of nitrogen and various growth regulators. The location is at the experimental study of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo at a height of 5 m. The factorial experiment arranged in a randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. The first factor is the concentration of nitrogen fertilizer consists of : without fertilizer N (N0), 0.3 g/l of water (N1), 0.6 g/l of water (N2), and 0.9 g/l of water (N3); the second factor is a growth regulator (PGR) consists of: without PGR (Z0), dekamon Z2 (Z1): ergon (Z2), and gibberellins (Z3). Penenlitian results showed: (i) there is no interaction between dose and concentration of nitrogen fertilizer plant growth regulator on all variables of plant growth, (ii) the concentration of nitrogen effect on all variables were observed, as well as PGR types, except the variable plant height, (iii) combined treatment of nitrogen fertilizer dose (0.6 g/l of water) with gibberelin provide the highest stem diameter (18.33 mm) and the highest number of leaves (7.67 strands) at the age of 105 HST.
Utilization of Tofu Dregs into Soy Sauce: Study of the Proportion of Tofu Dregs Filtrate With Coconut Sugar on Soy Sauce Quality
Authors: Prihatiningrum Andriani Eko , Findurina Belia
Published: April 2022

The study aims to determine the effect of treatment the proportion of filtrate tofu with coconut sugar to quality soy tofu. The design used a randomized block design (RBD) consisting of six treatments with the proportion of pulp filtrate: coconut sugar is A (125 ml: 157.5 grams) , B (125 ml:172.5 grams), C (125 ml:187.5 grams), D (125 ml:202.5 grams), E (125 ml:217.5 grams), F (125 ml:232.5 grams) and repeated three times. The variables measured include chemical analysis (protein content, water content, sucrose concentration , pH), organoleptic test (flavor, aroma, color) and viscosity. The results showed: (i) the difference is very noticeable effect on protein content, sucrose concentration, pH, aroma, taste and viscosity , (ii) the difference was not significant on the moisture content and color and (iii) the best treatment is the proportion of the filtrate tofu with coconut sugar 125 ml: 232.5 grams of soy pulp that produces the protein content of 1.144 %, 2.109 % sucrose content, water content of 49.497 % , 6.630 % and the pH value organoleptic a taste panelists to 3,333 (regular), aroma 3,667 (love), color 3.467 (regular) and viscosity of 3.467 (normal).
Effect of Height and Type of Nursery Shade on Vigor of Big Red Chili (Capsicum Annum L.)
Authors: Wahyudi Imam , Abror Muhammad
Published: April 2022

Aim of this experiment was to study the effect of highness and type of shade material within interaction between highness and types of shade material nurserytowards big red chili vigor (C. annum L.). This research was conducted on February-March 2012 district Turirejo, Cangkringmalang, Beji, Pasuruan denan with the highness of 9 m dpl, pH 5-6, temperature at 30oC, rainfall 420 mL/tahun. This research was design by factorial in Randomized Block Design (RBD), which were run triplicate. The first factor were shade 65, 95 dan 125 cm and the second factor were the type of plastic nursery shade material, paranet and (plastic + paranet). The data showed that was interaction between highness and types of shade material nurseryon parameter of highness, cotyledons emergence time, length of leaf, amount of leaf, diameter rod, the number of nodes grows and plant fresh weight. The combined height 65cm shade and shade types of materials (plastics + paranet) was the best treatment while it was not significantly different to the other treatments.
Annual and seasonal trends in Actual Evaporation over different meteorological sub-divisions in India using GLEAM data
Authors: Kanike Raghavendra Prasad , Bhimala Kantha Rao , Patra Gopal Krishna , S Himesh
Published: April 2022

The present study analyzed the actual evaporation (Ea) and its components [transpiration (Et), bare soil evaporation (Eb), interception loss (Ei), and open water evaporation (Eo)] data to study the long-term (1980-2018) trends over different meteorological sub-divisions in India. Quantitatively, all India annual Ea is 573 mm (σ= 28.8 mm), where Et (µ=455.9 mm; σ= 30.4 mm) plays a major role compared to other evaporation processes like Eb (µ=55.9 mm; σ= 8.6 mm), Ei (µ=33.5mm; σ= 3.4 mm), and Eo (µ=27.2 mm; σ=0.38 mm). The MK test reveals an increasing trend (1.33mm/y) in annual Ea due to the rising trend in Et (1.91mm/y) and Ei (0.16mm/y) even though there is no significant trend in rainfall or potential evaporation (Ep). The sub-division-wise analysis shows the increasing trend in Ea observed over irrigated regions located in the south, north-west, and foothills of the Himalayas during pre-monsoon and monsoon season. The correlation analysis observed a complex relationship between Ea and climatic factors (rainfall (RF), soil moisture (SM), surface temperature (T), relative humidity (RH), surface shortwave radiation (SSR), and wind speed (WS)) during monsoon season such that the water-limited areas have a positive correlation with SM, RH and RF, and negative correlation with WS, T, and SSR, whereas, in energy-limited areas (east India), the Ea showed a positive correlation with SSR & T and negative correlation with RF. The main climatic drivers for the increasing trend of Ea are SM & rainfall over dry regions and SSR &T over densely vegetated regions in India.
Reversible 2’-OH Acylation Enhances RNA Stability
Authors: Kool Eric , Fang Linglan , Xiao Lu , Jun Yong Woong , Onishi Yoshiyuki
Published: April 2022

Stabilization of RNAs for storage, transport, and biological application remains a serious challenge, particularly for larger RNAs that are not accessible by chemical synthesis. Here, we present reversible 2’-OH acylation as a general strategy to preserve RNA of any length or origin. High-yield polyacylation of 2’-hydroxyls (“cloaking”) by readily accessible acylimidazole reagents effectively shields RNAs from both thermal and enzymatic degradation. Subsequent treatment with water-soluble nucleophilic reagents removes acylation adducts quantitatively (“uncloaking”) and recovers a remarkably broad range of RNA functions, including reverse transcription, translation, and gene editing. Furthermore, we show that certain α-dimethylamino- and α-alkoxy- acyl adducts are spontaneously removed in human cells, restoring mRNA translation with extended functional half-lives. These findings support the potential of reversible 2’-acylation as a simple and general molecular solution for enhancing RNA stability, and provide mechanistic insights for stabilizing RNA regardless of length or origin.
Neuro-Psychiatric Symptoms in Civilian Survivors of Urban Missile Attacks
Authors: Ashkenazy Rotem Saar , Naparstek Sharon , Dizitzer Yotam , Zimhoni Noa , Friedman Alon , Shelef Ilan , Cohen Hagit , Shalev Hadar , Oxman Liat , Novack Victor , Ifergane Gal
Published: April 2022

Background: Blast-explosion may cause traumatic brain injury (TBI), leading to post-concussion syndrome (PCS). In studies on military personnel, PCS symptoms are highly similar to those occurring in post-traumatic-stress-disorder (PTSD), questioning the overlap between these syndromes. In the current study we assessed PCS and PTSD in civilians following exposure to rocket attacks. We hypothesized that PCS symptomatology and brain connectivity will be associated with the objective physical exposure, while PTSD symptomatology will be associated with the subjective mental experience. Methods: 289 residents of explosion-sites have participated in the current study. Participants completed self-report of PCS and PTSD. The association between objective and subjective factors of blast and clinical outcomes was assessed using multivariate analysis. White-matter (WM) alterations and cognitive abilities were assessed in a sub-group of participants (n=46) and non-exposed controls (n=16). Non-parametric analysis was used to compare connectivity and cognition between the groups. Results: Blast-exposed individuals reported higher PTSD and PCS symptomatology. Among exposed individuals, those who were directly exposed to blast, reported higher levels of subjective feeling of danger and presented WM hypoconnectivity. Cognitive abilities did not differ between groups. Several risk-factors for the development of PCS and PTSD were identified. Conclusions: Civilians exposed to blast present higher PCS/PTSD symptomatology as well as WM hypoconnectivity. Although symptoms are sub-clinical, they might lead to the future development of a full-blown syndrome and should be considered carefully. The similarities between PCS and PTSD suggest these are not distinct syndromes, but rather represent different ends on a spectrum of a combined disorder.
A novel six-methylated pseudogenes signature predicts prognosis of glioma patients
Authors: Chen Zhigang , Zhou Jialin , Wang Bingran , Li Jiahui , Xie Han , Zhao JiaJia , Liu Jun , Tian Dasheng , Bian Erbao
Published: April 2022

Background: Gliomas are the most common malignant tumor from the central nervous system(CNS). Dysregulated pseudogene expression was significantly associated with the prognosis of glioma patients. However, the role of abnormal methylation of pseudogenes in glioma prognosis has not yet been studied. This study aimed to develop a novel six-methylated pseudogenes signature to predict prognosis of glioma patients.Methods: Based on multiple screening, a risk signature for six-methylated pseudogenes was constructed, and then classified glioma patients into high-risk and low-risk groups. Next, a prognostic nomogram including grade, age, gender, and radiation was constructed. Besides, the immune cell infiltration analyses of patients based on the six-methylated pseudogenes in two risk groups were performed. Meanwhile, consensus cluster analysis of six methylated pseudogenes identified two glioma patient subgroups (cluster1/2). Furthermore, Gene Ontology (GO) , Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were used to analyzed related genes. Finally, the ability of glioma to proliferate, migrate and invade were used to verify subsequent functions. Results: In this study, six gene models consisting of methylated pseudogenes were identified and validated, and showed strong prognostic power in the training dataset, validation dataset, and entire dataset. The calibration diagram showed good predictive performance. In addition, the proportion of B cells and CD4+T cells was significantly higher in the high-risk group, while the proportion of Mono cells was lower. By silencing the expression of SBF1P1 and SUMO1P1, the ability of glioma proliferation, migration and invasion can be inhibited.Conclusion: The six-methylated pseudogenes signature may be a novel predictor for prognostic assessment of glioma patients, which could accurately predict patient prognosis.
Molecular characteristics of Yersinia enterocolitica and related species in Ningxia, China based on whole-genome sequencing
Authors: Yue Yuan , Shen Mei , Liu Xiang , Hao Qiong , Xu Shuai , Liu Zhiguo , Hou Xuexin , Jing Huaiqi , Zhou Xuezhang , Li Zhenjun
Published: April 2022

Background: Yersinia enterocolitica is a common zoonotic pathogen and has emerged as an important foodborne pathogen worldwide. Y. enterocolitica has been sporadically recovered from animals, foods, and human clinical samples in various regions of Ningxia. Molecular characteristics of Y. enterocolitica in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region was not well described in current studies.Methods: The molecular characteristics of 271 Yersinia strains isolated from the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region were analyzed using SNP and core gene multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST). The isolates were taken from animals (n = 208), food (n = 50), and patients (n = 13) between 2007 and 2019. Results: The SNP results indicated that the 271 isolates were divided into 12 species, Y. enterocolitica (n=187), Y. intermedia (n=31), Y. massiliensis (n=30), Y. mollaretii (n=7), Y. pekkanenii (n=5), Y. proxima (n=4), Y. alsatica (n=2), Y. frederiksenii (n=1), Y. kristensenii (n=1), Y. hibernica (n=1), Y. canariae (n=1), and Y. rochesterensis (n=1). Of the 187 Y. enterocolitica isolates, 81.28% (n = 152) were of animal origin, the food source was 12.30% (n = 23) and the patient source was 6.42% (n = 12). The clustering of Y. enterocolitica strains were closely related to the biotype. In total, 187 Y. enterocolitica strains were classified into 54 sequence types (STs) and 125 cgMLST types (CTs). The most common STs were ST429, which were significantly associated with serotype O:3. 4/O:3 was the dominant bioserotype in the Ningxia region, which differed from most of China. The 125 CTs clustered to form 55 microclades of the HC100 (hierarchical clustering). Conclusion: The results indicated that the distribution of Y. enterocolitica in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region was both general and specific and differed to some extent from the distribution elsewhere in China and abroad. The difference in the distribution of virulence genes between pathogenic and non-pathogenic isolates was attributed to the presence or absence of the type III secretion system. Swine farming and meat food cause human infection and transmission.
An atlas of human dental pulp cells in multiple spatial and temporal levels based on single-cell sequencing analysis
Authors: Ren Huihui , Wen Quan , Zhao Qingxuan , Wang Nan , Zhao Yuming
Published: April 2022

Background The dental pulp plays a crucial role in the long-term maintenance of teeth function. The progress of endodontic treatment and pulp tissue regeneration engineering has therapeutic potential. But regulation mechanisms of tooth development or regeneration dependent on dental stem cells were still not fully understood. So, it is urgently needed bridge the gaps between basic and clinical research. With single cell sequencing technology being applied in medical research, landscapes of human dental pulp cells had been initially outlined. However, the specific cellular heterogeneity of dental pulp cells, especially dental stem cells in different spatial and temporal levels are remain unclear. Methods Gene expression profiles of human dental pulp cells from four teeth with different developmental periods analyzed by 10x Genomics single-cell RNA sequencing were studied and cluster analysis. Multiple spatial and temporal characteristics of subpopulation of cells were further studied by signal pathway analysis, trajectory analysis stemness analysis. Results In this study, transcriptomic expression-based clustering analysis showed that dental pulp cells at different developmental points exist differences in number, not cell types. Pathway analysis revealed that early in development, the pulp may perform more developmentally relevant functions such as synthetic translation, while later it begins to differentiate into specific directions or retains functional characteristics for homeostasis maintenance. The importance of the stem cell microenvironment in human tooth development was evident. Subpopulations in early development stage were clearly identified in fibroblasts, odontoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells. Particularly, differentially expressed gene analysis and stemness analysis defined three subpopulations of dental pulp stem cells with greater stemness and potential for multiple differentiation. Combining the expression characteristics of the three cell subpopulations, some genes such as MIA, DGKI and so on that may contribute to the developmental differentiation of dental pulp stem cells were also uncovered Conclusion For the first time, the specific cellular heterogeneity of dental pulp cells, especially dental stem cells in different spatial and temporal level was proviede. Gene expression profile of early developing cells may help in cell screening for regenerative engineering and improve the success of dental pulp regeneration.
Trimester specific determinants of Pregnancy loss among women in Reproductive age group from India -Evidence from National Family Health Survey (2015-16)
Authors: Das Milan , Singh Mayank , Garg Priyanka , Rizvi Ali Abbas
Published: April 2022

Background: Abortions are the most common causes of pregnancy loss among women of reproductive age. In a country like India, there is not enough effort being done to address this problem.Methods: The National Family Health Survey (2015-16) was used in this study, and bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used. The GIS map is used to understand the spatial distribution of abortions.Results: Our results show that the rates of abortions rise with women's age, education, and place of residency, according to our findings. Muslim women have a lower risk of abortion than Hindu women. The rich women have a higher chance of having an abortion than the poor women. The socioeconomic characteristics were also linked to the loss of pregnancy.Conclusions: Abortion care for women that is both affordable and well-informed can improve women's reproductive health. In the backward districts, the government should strengthen the use of contraceptives.
Sustainable production of hydrogen with high purity from methanol and water at low temperatures
Authors: Zhang Sai , Liu Yuxuan , Zhang Mingkai , Ma Yuanyuan , Hu Jun , Qu Yongquan
Published: April 2022

Carbon neutrality initiative has stimulated the development of the sustainable methodologies for hydrogen generation and safe storage. Aqueous-phase reforming methanol and H2O (APRM) has attracted the particular interests for their high gravimetric density and easy availability. Thus, to efficiently release hydrogen and significantly suppress CO generation at low temperatures without any additives is the sustainable pursuit of APRM. Herein, we demonstrate that the dual-active sites of Pt single-atoms and frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) on porous nanorods of CeO2 enable the efficient additive-free H2 generation with a low CO generation (0.027 %) through APRM at 120 °C. Mechanism investigations illustrate that Pt single-atoms and Lewis acidic sites cooperatively promote the activation of methanol. With the help of a spontaneous water dissociation on FLPs, Pt single-atoms exhibit a significantly improved reforming of *CO to promote H2 production and suppress CO generation. This finding provides a promising path towards the flexible hydrogen utilizations.
Artificial neural network as a tool for estimation of the higher heating value of miscanthus based on ultimate analysis
Authors: Brandić Ivan , Pezo Lato , Bilandžija Nikola , Peter Anamarija , Šurić Jona , Voća Neven
Published: April 2022

Miscanthus is a perennial energy crop that produces high yields and has the potential to be converted into energy. The ultimate analysis determines the composition of the biomass and the energy value in terms of the higher heating value (HHV), which is the most important parameter in determining the quality of the fuel. In this study, an artificial neural network (ANN) model based on the principle of supervised learning was developed to predict the HHV of miscanthus biomass. The developed ANN model was compared with the models of predictive correlations (suggested from the literature) and the accuracy of the developed model was determined by the correlation coefficient. The paper presents data from 192 miscanthus biomass samples based on ultimate analysis and HHV. The developed model showed good properties and the possibility of prediction with high accuracy (r2 = 0.975). The paper proves the possibility of using ANN models in practical application in determining fuel properties of biomass energy crops and greater accuracy in predicting HHV than the correlation models offered.
Klotho is a prognostic indicator of oocytes qualities in polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Song Yali , Ye Wenting , Xie Tingting , Yang Yi , Luo Xiaoqing , Zhou Lili
Published: April 2022

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine and metabolic disease related to infertility in women. IVF-ET is the effective way to treat infertility in PCOS patients. But poor oocytes quality of PCOS patients results in low pregnancy rate and the underlying mechanism is unknown. Klotho, an anti-aging factor, was reported up-regulated in PCOS and related to excessive androgens. However, the role of Klotho in poor oocytes quality of PCOS has not been clarified. Method: We enrolled 72 PCOS and 70 healthy participants who underwent IVF-ET and the follicular fluid was collected. In addition, granulosa cells from 15 patients underwent IVF-ET were collected. The level Klotho in follicular fluid was tested by ELISA. The mRNA level of Caspase-3, Caspase-9, IL-6, TNF, PCNA and GDF9 in granulosa cell were detected by qRT-PCR.Results: Compared with the control group, the level of Klotho, Caspase-3, Caspase-9, IL-6 and TNF in PCOS group was significantly higher, especially in the group of PCOS with hyperandrogenism, while the level of PCNA and GDF9 was down-regulated. Correlation analysis shown that level of Klotho in follicular fluid of PCOS group was negatively correlated with the number of mature oocytes. Similarly, we divided the PCOS group into two groups according to the median of Klotho level and found that the number of mature oocytes is significantly lower in the group of high level of Klotho. In addition, the Klotho level in follicular fluid was also positively correlated with serum testosterone, LH, LH/FSH, menstrual cycle and number of total antral follicles in the group of PCOS. Conclusions: These data suggested that Klotho may act as a new biomarker evaluating the quality of oocytes in patients with PCOS, indicating the severity of PCOS and the outcome of IVF in PCOS patients.
Complete genome sequence and phylogenetic analysis of a novel orthonairovirus from ticks in China
Authors: Li Hangyuan , Shao Jianwei , Pei Mingchao , Cao Chong , Sun Mingfei , Zhang Xu
Published: April 2022

The complete genome sequence of a novel tick carried orthonairovirus, Meihua Mountain virus (MHMV), is presented for the first time. With unbiased high-throughput sequencing and Sanger sequencing, a novel Nairobi sheep disease (NSD) genogroup orthonairovirus, MHMV, was identified in bloodsucking ticks collected from cattle and wild boar in Fujian province, Southeastern China. Genomic architecture of MHMV shares typical features with orthonairoviruses. Phylogenetic analyses suggested that MHMV is closely related to Hazara virus and is clustered into the NSD genogroup of the genus Orthonairovirus. The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), glycoprotein precursor (GPC), and nucleoprotein (N) of MHMV share 62.3–83.5%, 37.1–66.1%, and 53.4–77.3% amino acid identity with other NSD genogroup viruses, respectively, representing a novel species. The overall pooled prevalence of MHMV in ticks was 2.54% (22/134 tick pools). This study presented the first report of tick-carried orthonairovirus in Fujian province and highlighted the broad geographic distribution and high genetic diversity of orthonairoviruses in China.
Contrasting the diversity patterns and processes of microbial community assembly in water and sediment in Lake Wuchang, China
Authors: Yang Deguo , Li Xuemei , Meng Zihao , Chen Kang , Hu Feifei , Liu Lu , Zhu Tingbing
Published: April 2022

Background: Microorganisms are an integral component of lake ecosystems, as they play crucial roles in material circulation and energy flow. Understanding the distribution of bacterial communities, their mechanisms of formation, and the ecological functions of such communities in lakes is essential for the diagnosis and management of lake ecosystems.Results: We explored the diversity patterns and processes of microbial community assembly in the water and sediment of Lake Wuchang (China) using high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons on the Illumina platform. The results revealed a higher microbial α-diversity in the sediment than in water (P < 0.01), and the most common bacterial phyla in the water column were Proteobacteria (average 39.19%), Cyanobacteria (24.12%), and Actinobacteria (15.73%), while the dominant bacterial phylum in the sediment was Proteobacteria (38.90%), followed by Acidobacteria (9.84%), Chloroflexi (8.93%), and Nitrospirae (8.61%). Through functional annotation, functions related to phototrophy and nitrogen metabolism primarily occurred in the water column and sediment, respectively. Unconstrained principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) showed that in water samples, the microbial communities from different seasons were divided into three groups, while samples collected from sediment revealed no such dispersion. These results were supported by the analysis of similarities, as the difference between season groups in water was greater than between groups in sediment (R = 0.759, p = 0.001 and R = −0.012, p = 0.488, respectively). According to Pearson correlation analysis, different environmental variables showed significant roles in shaping the microbial communities, as water temperature, dissolved oxygen, water depth, total nitrogen, ammonium, and nitrite were key factors for microbial community structure in the water column, while TN in sediment, conductivity, and organic matter were key factors in sediment. However, we found that stochastic processes (the value of |βNTI| < 2) dominated community assembly in both the water column and sediment of Lake Wuchang. Conclusions: This study represents one attempt to explore the microbial diversity patterns and the community assembly mechanisms in lake ecosystems and the influences of sampling scale. The results will provide a foundation for microbial development and utilization in lake water column and sediment under the circumstances of increasing tendency of lake ecological fishery.