bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Single-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial of Exercise in Ambulatory Spinal Muscular Atrophy: Why are the Results Negative?
Authors: Montes Jacqueline , Garber Carol Ewing , Kramer Samantha S. , Montgomery Megan J. , Dunaway Sally , Kamil-Rosenberg Shirit , Carr Brendan , Cruz Rosangel , Strauss Nancy E. , Sproule Douglas , De Vivo Darryl C.
Published: November 2015

Background:

The benefits of exercise on long-term health and well-being are well established. The possible benefits of exercise in Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) have not been explored in a controlled clinical trial format.

Objective:

To assess the effects of exercise on measures of function, strength, and exercise capacity in ambulatory SMA patients.

Methods:

Fourteen participants, ages 10–48 years, were randomized to control and exercise cohorts after a 1 month lead-in period. The exercise group received 6 months of intervention. Thereafter, both groups received the intervention for the remaining 12 months. Participants were monitored for a total of 19 months. Exercise included individualized home-based cycling and strengthening. The primary outcome measure was distance walked during the six-minute walk test (6MWT). Secondary outcomes included strength, function, exercise capacity, quality of life and fatigue.

Results:

Twelve participants completed the first 7 months of the study, and 9 completed all 19 months. At baseline, the groups were similar on all clinical variables. There were no group changes at any time point in the 6MWT, fatigue, or function. Percent-predicted VO2 max improved 4.9% in all participants in 6 months ( p = 0.036) ( n = 10).

Conclusion:

Daily exercise is safe in ambulatory SMA and should be encouraged. We did not uncover any deleterious effects on strength, function, or fatigue. Our study documented a reduction in oxidative capacity and a blunted conditioning response to exercise possibly representing an important insight into underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. These findings also may be linked causally to mitochondrial depletion in SMA and warrant further study.
Feeding and Swallowing Disorders in Pediatric Neuromuscular Diseases: An Overview
Authors: van den Engel-Hoek Lenie , de Groot Imelda J.M. , de Swart Bert J.M. , Erasmus Corrie E.
Published: November 2015

Feeding and swallowing problems in infants and children have a great impact on health and wellbeing. The aim of this study was to provide an overview of recognized feeding and swallowing problems in different groups of children with neuromuscular diseases, based on relevant literature and expert opinion, and to propose recommendations for the assessment and treatment of these problems. Almost all pediatric neuromuscular diseases are accompanied by feeding and swallowing problems during the different phases of deglutition, problems that give rise to a wide variety of signs and symptoms, which emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive feeding and swallowing assessment by a speech and language therapist.
Metabolic Engineering of the Phenylpropanoid and Its Primary, Precursor Pathway to Enhance the Flavor of Fruits and the Aroma of Flowers
Authors: Peled-Zehavi Hadas , Oliva Moran , Xie Qingjun , Tzin Vered , Oren-Shamir Michal , Aharoni Asaph , Galili Gad
Published: November 2015

Plants produce a diverse repertoire of specialized metabolites that have multiple roles throughout their life cycle. Some of these metabolites are essential components of the aroma and flavor of flowers and fruits. Unfortunately, attempts to increase the yield and prolong the shelf life of crops have generally been associated with reduced levels of volatile specialized metabolites and hence with decreased aroma and flavor. Thus, there is a need for the development of new varieties that will retain their desired traits while gaining enhanced scent and flavor. Metabolic engineering holds great promise as a tool for improving the profile of emitted volatiles of domesticated crops. This mini review discusses recent attempts to utilize metabolic engineering of the phenylpropanoid and its primary precursor pathway to enhance the aroma and flavor of flowers and fruits.
Evaluating the Alignment of Organizational and Project Contexts for BIM Adoption: A Case Study of a Large Owner Organization
Authors: Cavka Hasan , Staub-French Sheryl , Pottinger Rachel
Published: November 2015

Building information modeling (BIM) has been presented as a potential solution to current facilities management problems related to information exchange during handover, and facilities information management during operations. However, implementing BIM in an owner organization is a complex challenge that necessitates reconfiguration of work practices and internal structures to fully realize the benefits. Owners are often unsure about how or whether they should go through the challenges related to implementation. Although previous studies have documented the potential benefits of BIM adoption for owners, such as improvements in work order processing, very little research has specifically looked at the transition to BIM and the scale of the effort required for large and diverse owner organizations. This paper presents the results of a long-term embedded case study analysis of a large owner-operator institutional organization that investigated the alignment of facility management (FM) practices across organizational and project contexts. The research objective was to examine current organizational practices in order to understand the potential, as well as the challenges, of transitioning from a paper-based to a model-based approach in handover and operations. We describe the current state of handover, information management and facility management practices and developed a framework to characterize the alignment between organizational constructs, available technology, project artifacts and owner requirements. This investigation of the current state of practice enables us to understand the gap between available and required information, processes and technology, and to better understand the enormous challenges owners face when considering the transition to BIM.
Estimation of Groundwater Recharges in Odeda Local Government Area, Ogun State, Nigeria using Empirical Formulae
Authors: Adeleke Oluseyi , Makinde Victor , Eruola Ayobami , Dada Oluwaseun , Ojo Akintayo , Aluko Taiwo
Published: November 2015

Estimation and forecast of groundwater recharge and capacities of aquifers are essential issues in water resource investigation. In the current research, groundwater recharge and the recharge coefficient were determined through a case study using empirical methods applicable to the tropical zones. The related climatological data between January 1983 and December 2014 were collected from Ogun-Oshun River Basin Development Authority (OORBDA), Ogun State, Nigeria. Using empirical formulae. The results showed that groundwater recharge was 194.7 mm per year, evapotranspiration was 1296.2 mm per year, and the recharge coefficient was 20.2% for the study area. The result also showed that about 11% of rainfall infiltrated the aquifer, 73% was lost to evapotranspiration, and 16% ended up as run-off. Correlation between climatic parameters and groundwater recharge showed the highest correlation between recharge and rainfall. Temperature, humidity, solar radiation and evapotranspiraton were obtained at the 0.01 significance level; the results of linear regressions proved that precipitation has a significant effect (with R2 = 0.983) on estimated recharge.
Low Levels of Awareness of Lead Hazards among Pregnant Women in a High Risk—Johannesburg Neighbourhood
Authors: Haman Tanya , Mathee Angela , Swart Andre
Published: November 2015

Background: The widespread use of lead and elevated risk of lead exposure in South African children justifies a need for high levels of awareness of the sources, exposure pathways, and measures to reduce this risk in children. This study aimed to determine the levels of knowledge of lead hazards among pregnant women in an area where children had already been established to be at a high risk of lead exposure and poisoning. Methods: Following informed consent, a structured questionnaire was administered to 119 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic services at Rahima Moosa Mother and Child Hospital, west of central Johannesburg. Questions were asked about social, demographic and residential characteristics, as well as knowledge, perceptions, behaviours and practices in relation to child lead hazards. Conclusion: Overall awareness of the dangers of lead in pregnancy was low (11%). Amongst those who had heard of it, only 15% thought that lead could cause detrimental health effects. A consequence of this low level of awareness of lead hazards is a high potential for the participants and their children to unwittingly be exposed to environmental lead from various sources, thereby undermining preventative approaches.
Therapeutic Targets for Neurodevelopmental Disorders Emerging from Animal Models with Perinatal Immune Activation
Authors: Ibi Daisuke , Yamada Kiyofumi
Published: November 2015

Increasing epidemiological evidence indicates that perinatal infection with various viral pathogens enhances the risk for several psychiatric disorders. The pathophysiological significance of astrocyte interactions with neurons and/or gut microbiomes has been reported in neurodevelopmental disorders triggered by pre- and postnatal immune insults. Recent studies with the maternal immune activation or neonatal polyriboinosinic polyribocytidylic acid models of neurodevelopmental disorders have identified various candidate molecules that could be responsible for brain dysfunction. Here, we review the functions of several candidate molecules in neurodevelopment and brain function and discuss their potential as therapeutic targets for psychiatric disorders.
Therapeutic Potential of Cell Penetrating Peptides (CPPs) and Cationic Polymers for Chronic Hepatitis B
Authors: Ndeboko Bénédicte , Lemamy Guy , Nielsen Peter. , Cova Lucyna
Published: November 2015

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major health problem worldwide. Because current anti-HBV treatments are only virostatic, there is an urgent need for development of alternative antiviral approaches. In this context, cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) and cationic polymers, such as chitosan (CS), appear of particular interest as nonviral vectors due to their capacity to facilitate cellular delivery of bioactive cargoes including peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) or DNA vaccines. We have investigated the ability of a PNA conjugated to different CPPs to inhibit the replication of duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV), a reference model for human HBV infection. The in vivo administration of PNA-CPP conjugates to neonatal ducklings showed that they reached the liver and inhibited DHBV replication. Interestingly, our results indicated also that a modified CPP (CatLip) alone, in the absence of its PNA cargo, was able to drastically inhibit late stages of DHBV replication. In the mouse model, conjugation of HBV DNA vaccine to modified CS (Man-CS-Phe) improved cellular and humoral responses to plasmid-encoded antigen. Moreover, other systems for gene delivery were investigated including CPP-modified CS and cationic nanoparticles. The results showed that these nonviral vectors considerably increased plasmid DNA uptake and expression. Collectively promising results obtained in preclinical studies suggest the usefulness of these safe delivery systems for the development of novel therapeutics against chronic hepatitis B.
Old Things New View: Ascorbic Acid Protects the Brain in Neurodegenerative Disorders
Authors: Covarrubias-Pinto Adriana , Acuña Aníbal , Beltrán Felipe , Torres-Díaz Leandro , Castro Maite
Published: November 2015

Ascorbic acid is a key antioxidant of the Central Nervous System (CNS). Under brain activity, ascorbic acid is released from glial reservoirs to the synaptic cleft, where it is taken up by neurons. In neurons, ascorbic acid scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during synaptic activity and neuronal metabolism where it is then oxidized to dehydroascorbic acid and released into the extracellular space, where it can be recycled by astrocytes. Other intrinsic properties of ascorbic acid, beyond acting as an antioxidant, are important in its role as a key molecule of the CNS. Ascorbic acid can switch neuronal metabolism from glucose consumption to uptake and use of lactate as a metabolic substrate to sustain synaptic activity. Multiple evidence links oxidative stress with neurodegeneration, positioning redox imbalance and ROS as a cause of neurodegeneration. In this review, we focus on ascorbic acid homeostasis, its functions, how it is used by neurons and recycled to ensure antioxidant supply during synaptic activity and how this antioxidant is dysregulated in neurodegenerative disorders.
Polar Glycosylated and Lateral Non-Glycosylated Flagella from Aeromonas hydrophila Strain AH-1 (Serotype O11)
Authors: Fulton Kelly , Mendoza-Barberá Elena , Twine Susan , Tomás Juan , Merino Susana
Published: November 2015

Polar and but not lateral flagellin proteins from Aeromonas hydrophila strain AH-1 (serotype O11) were found to be glycosylated. Top-down mass spectrometry studies of purified polar flagellins suggested the presence of a 403 Da glycan of mass. Bottom-up mass spectrometry studies showed the polar flagellin peptides to be modified with 403 Da glycans in O-linkage. The MS fragmentation pattern of this putative glycan was similar to that of pseudaminic acid derivative. Mutants lacking the biosynthesis of pseudaminic acid (pseB and pseI homologues) were unable to produce polar flagella but no changes were observed in lateral flagella by post-transcriptional regulation of the flagellin. Complementation was achieved by reintroduction of the wild-type pseB and pseI. We compared two pathogenic features (adhesion to eukaryotic cells and biofilm production) between the wild-type strain and two kinds of mutants: mutants lacking polar flagella glycosylation and lacking the O11-antigen lipopolysaccharide (LPS) but with unaltered polar flagella glycosylation. Results suggest that polar flagella glycosylation is extremely important for A. hydrophila AH-1 adhesion to Hep-2 cells and biofilm formation. In addition, we show the importance of the polar flagella glycosylation for immune stimulation of IL-8 production via toll-“like” receptor 5 (TLR5).
Synthesis and Reactivity of a Cerium(III) Scorpionate Complex Containing a Redox Non-Innocent 2,2′-Bipyridine Ligand
Authors: Ortu Fabrizio , Zhu Hao , Boulon Marie-Emmanuelle , Mills David
Published: November 2015

The Ce(III) hydrotris(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl)borate complex [Ce(TpMe2)2(κ2-dmpz)] (1) (TpMe2 = {HB(dmpz)3}−; dmpz = 3,5-dimethylpyrazolide) was isolated in fair yield from the reaction of [Ce(I)3(THF)4] with two equivalents of [K(TpMe2)] via the facile decomposition of TpMe2. [Ce(TpMe2)2(bipy)] (2) was synthesized in poor yield by the “one-pot” reaction of [Ce(I)3(THF)4], bipy (bipy = 2,2′-bipyridine), KC8 and two equivalents of [K(TpMe2)] in tetrahydrofuran (THF). The reaction of 2 with N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide produced the known decomposition product [Ce(TpMe2)(μ-BOpMe2)]2 (3) (BOpMe2 = {HBO(dmpz)2}2−) in poor yield, presumably by N–O and B–N bond cleavage of a reactive intermediate. The reaction of 2 with trimethylsilylazide gave [Ce(TpMe2)2(N3)] (4) in poor yield; the fate of bipy and the trimethylsilyl group is unknown. Complexes 1–4 were characterized by single crystal XRD, NMR and FTIR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Complex 2 was additionally probed by UV/Vis/NIR and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopies, Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) and magnetometry, which together indicate a formal 4f1 Ce(III) center coordinated by a bipy·− radical anion in this system.
Ionic Nanofluids in Tribology
Authors: Saurín Noelia , Espinosa Tulia , Sanes José , Carrión Francisco-José , Bermúdez María-Dolores
Published: November 2015

This overview covers the most recent developments in the field of ionic nanofluid lubricants, defined as dispersions of nanoparticles with ionic liquids through the activation of nanophases. The nanophases range from metal nanoparticles and ceramic inorganic nanoparticles, to different carbon nanophases. The combinations with room-temperature ionic liquids can be in the form of mixtures, dispersions, surface-modified nanophases, or chemically-functionalized nanophases. The new ionic nanofluids can be used as base lubricants, as lubricant additives, or as anti-friction and wear-reducing additives in new nanocomposite materials.
Effect of Water Nutrient Pollution on Long-Term Corrosion of 90:10 Copper Nickel Alloy
Authors: Melchers Robert
Published: November 2015

Due to their good corrosion resistance, copper and copper alloys such as 90:10 Cu-Ni are used extensively in high-quality marine and industrial piping systems and also in marine, urban, and industrial environments. Their corrosion loss and pitting behaviour tends to follow a bi-modal trend rather than the classic power law. Field data for 90:10 copper nickel immersed in natural seawater are used to explore the effect of water pollution and in particular the availability of critical nutrients for microbiologically induced corrosion. It is shown, qualitatively, that increased dissolved inorganic nitrogen increases corrosion predominantly in the second, long-term, mode of the model. Other, less pronounced, influences are salinity and dissolved oxygen concentration.
Experimental Analysis of Dynamic Effects of FRP Reinforced Masonry Vaults
Authors: Corradi Marco , Borri Antonio , Castori Giulio , Coventry Kathryn
Published: November 2015

An increasing interest in the preservation of historic structures has produced a need for new methods for reinforcing curved masonry structures, such as arches and vaults. These structures are generally very ancient, have geometries and materials which are poorly defined and have been exposed to long-term historical movements and actions. Consequently, they are often in need of repair or reinforcement. This article presents the results of an experimental study carried out in the laboratory and during on-site testing to investigate the behaviour of brick masonry vaults under dynamic loading strengthened with FRPs (Fiber Reinforced Polymers). For the laboratory tests, the brick vaults were built with solid sanded clay bricks and weak mortar and were tested under dynamic loading. The experimental tests were designed to facilitate analysis of the dynamic behaviour of undamaged, damaged and reinforced vaulted structures. On-site tests were carried out on an earthquake-damaged thin brick vault of an 18th century aristocratic residence in the city of L’Aquila, Italy. The provision of FRP reinforcement is shown to re-establish elastic behavior previously compromised by time induced damage in the vaults.
Synthesis and Characterization of Cellulose-Based Hydrogels to Be Used as Gel Electrolytes
Authors: Navarra Maria , Dal Bosco Chiara , Serra Moreno Judith , Vitucci Francesco , Paolone Annalisa , Panero Stefania
Published: November 2015

Cellulose-based hydrogels, obtained by tuned, low-cost synthetic routes, are proposed as convenient gel electrolyte membranes. Hydrogels have been prepared from different types of cellulose by optimized solubilization and crosslinking steps. The obtained gel membranes have been characterized by infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and mechanical tests in order to investigate the crosslinking occurrence and modifications of cellulose resulting from the synthetic process, morphology of the hydrogels, their thermal stability, and viscoelastic-extensional properties, respectively. Hydrogels liquid uptake capability and ionic conductivity, derived from absorption of aqueous electrolytic solutions, have been evaluated, to assess the successful applicability of the proposed membranes as gel electrolytes for electrochemical devices. To this purpose, the redox behavior of electroactive species entrapped into the hydrogels has been investigated by cyclic voltammetry tests, revealing very high reversibility and ion diffusivity.
Technological Application of Maltodextrins According to the Degree of Polymerization
Authors: Saavedra-Leos Zenaida , Leyva-Porras César , Araujo-Díaz Sandra , Toxqui-Terán Alberto , Borrás-Enríquez Anahí
Published: November 2015

Maltodextrin (MX) is an ingredient in high demand in the food industry, mainly for its useful physical properties which depend on the dextrose equivalent (DE). The DE has however been shown to be an inaccurate parameter for predicting the performance of the MXs in technological applications, hence commercial MXs were characterized by mass spectrometry (MS) to determine their molecular weight distribution (MWD) and degree of polymerization (DP). Samples were subjected to different water activities (aw). Water adsorption was similar at low aw, but radically increased with the DP at higher aw. The decomposition temperature (Td) showed some variations attributed to the thermal hydrolysis induced by the large amount of adsorbed water and the supplied heat. The glass transition temperature (Tg) linearly decreased with both, aw and DP. The microstructural analysis by X-ray diffraction showed that MXs did not crystallize with the adsorption of water, preserving their amorphous structure. The optical micrographs showed radical changes in the overall appearance of the MXs, indicating a transition from a glassy to a rubbery state. Based on these characterizations, different technological applications for the MXs were suggested.
When Phosphosugars Meet Gold: Synthesis and Catalytic Activities of Phostones and Polyhydroxylated Phosphonite Au(I) Complexes
Authors: Malik Gaëlle , Ferry Angélique , Guinchard Xavier
Published: November 2015

The synthesis and characterization of P-chiral phosphonite-, phosphonate- and thiophosphonate-Au(I) complexes are reported. These novel ligands for Au(I) are based on glycomimetic phosphorus scaffolds, obtained from the chiral pool. The catalytic activities of these complexes are shown in the cyclization of allenols and the hydroamination of 2-(2-propynyl)aniline combined with an organocatalyzed reduction to the corresponding 2-phenyl tetrahydroquinoline. All described gold complexes present excellent catalytic activities.
Nurses’ Perceptions of Spirituality and Spiritual Care in Different Health Care Settings in the Netherlands
Authors: Van Leeuwen René , Schep-Akkerman Annemiek
Published: November 2015

This paper shows similarities and differences in perceptions and competences regarding spirituality and spiritual care of nurses in different health care settings. Research on this specific topic is limited and can contribute towards a nuanced implementation of spiritual care in different nursing care settings. Four hundred forty nine nurses in different health care settings completed a questionnaire concerning spirituality and spiritual care, spiritual care competence, and personal spirituality. Respondents reported a generic (instead of more specific) view of spirituality and spiritual care, and they perceived themselves to be competent in providing spiritual care. Compared to nurses in hospital settings, nurses in mental health care and home care have a more generic view of spirituality and spiritual care and report a higher level of competence. Next to this, they perceive themselves more as spiritual persons. Future research is needed to develop further understanding in setting specific factors and their influence on nurses’ views and competence regarding spiritual care. Nursing education and management should consider an emphasis on spiritual competence development related to working settings of nurses.
UAV Control on the Basis of 3D Landmark Bearing-Only Observations
Authors: Karpenko Simon , Konovalenko Ivan , Miller Alexander , Miller Boris , Nikolaev Dmitry
Published: November 2015

The article presents an approach to the control of a UAV on the basis of 3D landmark observations. The novelty of the work is the usage of the 3D RANSAC algorithm developed on the basis of the landmarks’ position prediction with the aid of a modified Kalman-type filter. Modification of the filter based on the pseudo-measurements approach permits obtaining unbiased UAV position estimation with quadratic error characteristics. Modeling of UAV flight on the basis of the suggested algorithm shows good performance, even under significant external perturbations.
Comments on Ekino et al. Cloning and Characterization of a Unique Cytotoxic Protein Parasporin-5 Produced by Bacillus thuringiensis A1100 Strain. Toxins 2014, 6, 1882–1895
Authors: Palma Leopoldo
Published: November 2015

Ekino et al. [1] reported the cloning and characterization of a novel cytotoxic protein (Parasporin-5) produced by Bacillus thuringiensis strain A1100. [...]
Stem Cell-Based Cell Carrier for Targeted Oncolytic Virotherapy: Translational Opportunity and Open Questions
Authors: Kim Janice , Hall Robert , Lesniak Maciej , Ahmed Atique
Published: November 2015

Oncolytic virotherapy for cancer is an innovative therapeutic option where the ability of a virus to promote cell lysis is harnessed and reprogrammed to selectively destroy cancer cells. Such treatment modalities exhibited antitumor activity in preclinical and clinical settings and appear to be well tolerated when tested in clinical trials. However, the clinical success of oncolytic virotherapy has been significantly hampered due to the inability to target systematic metastasis. This is partly due to the inability of the therapeutic virus to survive in the patient circulation, in order to target tumors at distant sites. An early study from various laboratories demonstrated that cells infected with oncolytic virus can protect the therapeutic payload form the host immune system as well as function as factories for virus production and enhance the therapeutic efficacy of oncolytic virus. While a variety of cell lineages possessed potential as cell carriers, copious investigation has established stem cells as a very attractive cell carrier system in oncolytic virotherapy. The ideal cell carrier desire to be susceptible to viral infection as well as support viral infection, maintain immunosuppressive properties to shield the loaded viruses from the host immune system, and most importantly possess an intrinsic tumor homing ability to deliver loaded viruses directly to the site of the metastasis—all qualities stem cells exhibit. In this review, we summarize the recent work in the development of stem cell-based carrier for oncolytic virotherapy, discuss the advantages and disadvantages of a variety of cell carriers, especially focusing on why stem cells have emerged as the leading candidate, and finally propose a future direction for stem cell-based targeted oncolytic virotherapy that involves its establishment as a viable treatment option for cancer patients in the clinical setting.
Tourism by Design: Signature Architecture and Tourism
Authors: Shaw Greg B. C.
Published: November 2015

Iconic signature architecture is contradictory to the regional aesthetic in the urban landscape, purposely deviating from the local aesthetic, while at the same time giving a unique visual identifier, thus enhancing the sense of place. The best examples are major tourism attractions
and are immediately recognized throughout the world. This research note explores the very visual architecture tourism, “architourism” phenomenon of the early 2000s, and why it may again become relevant. This exploratory study used an online survey to investigate architecture tourists,
their types, motivations, and information sourcing. The respondent architecture tourists exist along a continuum from core to accidental, and were primarily driven by building aesthetics. An interest may be provided for future study into the phenomenon of architourism by using this research
as a foundation.
UHE Foz do Chapecó: estratégias dos agentes envolvidos e o desenvolvimento regional
Authors: Baron Sadi , Renk Arlene
Published: November 2015

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Este artigo apresenta uma reflexão sobre as estratégias adotadas pelos agentes envolvidos no processo de implantação da UHE Foz do Chapecó, localizado no Rio Uruguai na divisa de Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul. O objetivo é analisar as alianças e estratégias usadas pelos agentes envolvidos e como essas articulações ocorreram durante as diferentes fases da construção da usina e os interesses econômicos envolvidos no chamado “hidronegócio”. Como esses mega empreendimentos são executados por empresas privadas com objetivos financeiros, há reflexos diretos no processo de negociação, nas formas de tratamento com a população atingida e a relação com os municípios impactados. Nesse emaranhado de pessoas e instituições envolvidas na execução de uma barragem, como a da Foz do Chapecó, é determinante ter o controle social na região. Nesse sentido foram analisadas as compensações financeiras repassadas aos municípios, os métodos adotados no processo de indenização e as articulações e estratégias usadas pelos agentes envolvidos no empreendimento. Outro fator de análise foram os efeitos em relação ao desenvolvimento da região. A construção das barragens é um espaço de disputa ideológica e um jogo de relações de poder.
Densidade do funcionalismo público da administração direta municipal brasileira na perspectiva da dimensão populacional
Authors: Nychai Luci , Godoy Amália Maria Goldberg , Lombat Maria Luzia
Published: November 2015

Apesar das recorrentes críticas ao aumento dos gastos do funcionalismo público, o Município é uma 

organização, e como tal depende do quadro de servidores da administração direta para poder funcionar 

e  atender  às  demandas  institucionais,  sociais  e  econômicas  como  Ente  Subnacional  Federativo.  A 

intenção deste artigo é apresentar a densidade do funcionalismo público municipal no Brasil a partir da 

dimensão  populacional.  A  metodologia  considerou  os  dados  de  corte  observados  para  2011  e 

agregados por municípios conforme o porte populacional e por grandes regiões geográficas. A análise 

complementar sobre o gasto com pessoal e encargos foi subsidiada pela utilização da  proxy  do Índice 

Firjan de Gestão Municipal para Gasto com Pessoal e das despesas municipais com pessoal do Finbra. 

Conforme  os  resultados,  o  gasto  com  funcionalismo  público  da  administração  direta  municipal 

absorveu em média 40,82% da receita corrente, sendo que apenas 7,97% dos municípios brasileiros 

apresentam  excelente  condição  na  gestão  do  gasto  com  pessoal,  abrangendo  principalmente  os 

pequenos municípios.  
Ordenamentos territoriais na sub-bacia do Ribeirão da Velha, Blumenau (SC)
Authors: Kreutzfeld Jonathan , Marimon Maria Paula Casagrande
Published: November 2015

Este artigo tem por finalidade apresentar a maneira como ocorreu a ocupação da sub-bacia do Ribeirão da Velha. Para atingir este objetivo, foram levantadas as informações referentes aos ordenamentos territoriais que atuaram na sua ocupação. Documentos antigos, legislação e planos diretores foram consultados. A área estudada sofre com problemas hidrológicos e teve seus ordenamentos relacionados com as emergências provenientes destas intempéries. O Ribeirão da Velha está sob a influência de ordenamentos territoriais desde o surgimento da colônia de Blumenau em 1850 e a partir de 1977 é regido por planos diretores.
Políticas públicas de fomento à economia criativa: Curitiba e contexto nacional e internacional
Authors: Procopiuck Mario , Freder Schirlei
Published: November 2015

O  tema  “economia  criativa”  tem  ocupado  a  pauta  de  diversos  governos  e  de  organizações
internacionais  de  forma  mais  intensa  nestes  últimos  cinco  anos.  Em  estágio  pré-paradigmático,  são
ainda relativamente poucos os pontos de consenso para que possam ser definidas claramente correntes
teóricas. Não obstante, estudos se intensificam com vistas a buscar meios operacionais para que a base
conceitual  existente  passe  a  pautar  políticas  públicas  de  desenvolvimento  em  diferentes  contextos
locais, nacionais e internacionais. Nesse sentido, modelos sobre economia criativa, classes criativas e
cidades  criativas  têm  sido  propostos,  e  vários  deles  já  começam  dar  origem  a  resultados  empíricos.
Nesse  sentido,  o  presente  artigo  tem  como  objetivo  trazer  à  reflexão  diferentes  perspectivas  sobre
economia criativa, tanto de cunho teórico quanto prático, apresentando o quadro geral das discussões
sobre o tema em escala global para, em seguida, analisar estudos que procuram situar o p atamar em
que se desenvolve em Curitiba a política pública de fomento à economia criativa.
A accountability em pareceres prévios do tribunal de contas do Estado do Paraná: possíveis consequências para o desenvolvimento local
Authors: Albuquerque Cristhian Carla Bueno de , Oliveira Antonio Gonçalves de
Published: November 2015

Este recorte demonstra os resultados da pesquisa que teve como objetivo verificar o potencial de accountability dos pareceres prévios produzidos pelo Tribunal de Contas do Estado do Paraná (TCE/PR) relativos às contas anuais dos prefeitos municipais no exercício financeiro de 2012, cujo objeto de análise encontra-se elencado em instruções normativas emitidas pelo próprio órgão, as quais definem o escopo de análise para cada exercício financeiro. Por intermédio dos estudos referenciados nas esferas exploratória, bibliográfica, documental e de observação teórico-empírica observa-se que a Corte de Contas do Paraná ao analisar a prestação de contas do governo municipal, não exerce todo o seu potencial de accountability, limitando-se aos aspectos da conformidade com a legalidade, não utilizando as possibilidades que a legislação lhe oferece, principalmente seu próprio Regimento Interno e, assim, deixa de contribuir para a materialização da accountability, eis que não adentra no aspecto substancial de atingimento de metas e na execução das políticas públicas e programas de governo, tarefa importantíssima para fins de dar a população dados efetivos e concretos sobre a gestão municipal e o desenvolvimento local, não apenas em seu aspecto econômico, mas também social e ambiental.
Planejamento do turismo para o desenvolvimento local
Authors: Silva Marina Duarte Gomes , Miranda Elis De Araújo
Published: November 2015

Este  artigo aborda como o planejamento da atividade turística pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento
local, e foi elaborado a partir de  uma pesquisa bibliográfica que subsidiou teoricamente as análises do
lazer, turismo, planejamento turístico e desenvolviment o local. Com base nos  estudos acadêmicos que
serviram para nortear esta pesquisa,  identificou-se como o turismo está associado ao desenvolvimento
do território, e como esse desenvolvimento, primeiramente, deve atender ao bem-estar da população
residente, para depois estar adequado para o visitante usufruir do local turístico. Apontou -se como  o
benefício econômico dessa atividade contribuiu para a inserção do setor nas agendas políticas locais,
com  elaboração  de  ações  específicas.  Buscou-se  analisar  o  planejamento  integrado  do  turismo  a
diferentes  atividades  econômicas  e  sociais.  Apontou-se  também  a  importância  dos  planos  setoriais
nacionais,  regionais  e  locais  estarem  conectados  para  um  desenvolvimento  adequado  do  território.
Como  resultado,  observa-se  a  necessidade  de  uma  educação  turística  para  órgãos  públicos,
empresários  locais  e  população  residente,  além  da  necessidade  de  um  processo  participativo  da
comunidade  na  elaboração  das  diretrizes  para  o  aprimoramento  do  turismo.  Dessa  maneira,  o
desenvolvimento  local a partir dessa atividade pode alcançar, além da sua finalidade econômica ,  como
o  envolvimento  de  empresas  locais,  benefícios  sociais  para  as  comunidades  envolvidas,  que  terão
preservadas suas manifestações culturais, história e meio ecológico local.
Empreendedorismo e desenvolvimento nos municípios paranaenses – uma análise dos indicadores
Authors: Félix Rosana Dalla Costa , Farah Júnior Moisés Francisco
Published: November 2015

O  Brasil  é  caracterizado  por  um  processo  histórico  de  desenvolvimento  concentrado  nos  grandes
centros.  As  desigualdades  regionais  se  acentuaram  com  o  processo  de  industrialização  no  Paraná,
indicando que as políticas de atração de investimentos, especialmente na década de  1990, falharam em
resolver esse problema. Para evitar o esvaziamento das cidades periféricas e o êxodo  para  os  grandes
centros, é  necessário  que os municípios encontrem meios próprios de se desenvolverem, e o incentivo
ao  empreendedorismo  é  considerado  um  caminho  que  pode  ser  adotado  como  uma  política  pública
pelos  prefeitos.  Este  artigo  busca  descrever  o  nível  de  empreendedorismo  dos  399  municípios
paranaenses e  relacioná-lo  com o grau de desenvolvimento socioeconômico de cada localidade. Para
verificar  este  fenômeno,  utilizou-se  os  indicadores  de  2010  mesurados  pelo  Índice  de
Desenvolvimento Municipal para a Micro e Pequena Empresa (IDMPE) do Sebrae  e pelo Índice Firjan
de Desenvolvimento Municipal (IFDM) da  Firjan.  Adotou-se a  metodologia  de  Análise Exploratória
de  Dados  (AED)  e  o  coeficiente  de  correlação  de  Pearson.  Encontrou-se  indicações  de  uma  alta
correlação  entre  as  variáveis  empreendedorismo  (medido  pelo  Sebrae)  e  o  desenvolvimento  local
(medido pela  Firjan).  A correspondência  é ainda mais elevada  quando se analisa apenas o componente
de emprego e renda no IFDM.
Prevalência de dor lombar e qualidade de vida no terceiro trimestre de gestação
Authors: Nakawatase Denise , Alves Vera Lúcia Dos Santos , Filoni Eduardo
Published: November 2015

OBJETIVO: Correlacionar a dor lombar no terceiro trimestre gestacional com a qualidade de vida (QV).

MÉTODOS: A amostra foi composta por 120 mulheres no terceiro trimestre de gestação, sendo 40 gestantes no 7º mês (28ª semana à 31ª semana), 40 gestantes no 8º mês (32ª semana à 35ª semana) e 40 gestantes no 9º mês (36ª semana à 39ª semana). Trata-se de um estudo descritivo de paradigma quantitativo e corte transversal. Foram utilizados como instrumentos para a coleta de dados: a ficha de avaliação, a Escala Analógica de Dor e Incapacidade Funcional (EADIF) e o questionário WHOQOL-bref. Para a avaliação dos dados foi utilizada análise estatística descritiva (média, desvio padrão, mínimo e máximo). O teste de correlação de Spearman foi aplicado para determinar a confiabilidade das medidas.

RESULTADOS: Das gestantes analisadas, 80,83% apresentam lombalgia. Quanto à intensidade da dor, aumentou com o tempo de gestação. Na 29ª semana, houve um pico de dor e entre a 35ª à 37ª semanas também, apresentando uma escala entre ‘pouca dor’ e ‘dor razoável’. Observou-se que o domínio físico é o que melhor se correlaciona, tanto com o escore total do Whooqol-bref, quanto no da EADIF. Os índices de QV demonstraram que as gestantes apresentaram um intervalo entre ‘nem satisfatório, nem insatisfatório’ e ‘satisfatório’.

CONCLUSÕES: As modificações físicas e emocionais que acontecem durante a gestação nem sempre constituem os fatores intervenientes na QV das gestantes.
Análise de regressão linear: abordagem tradicional e espacial em um estudo de caso
Authors: Righetto Ana Julia , Tachibana Vilma Mayumi
Published: November 2015

OBJETIVO: Analisar a qualidade de vida e renda dos munícipes da cidade de Presidente Epitácio, São Paulo, por meio de métodos estatísticos.

MÉTODOS: O estudo foi realizado com base em um questionário aplicado aos moradores de Presidente Epitácio, São Paulo, no ano de 2008, como parte da pesquisa desenvolvida por Santos (2010), na qual foram considerados os 47 setores censitários do município definidos pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) para o censo demográfico de 2000. Para a análise estatística, foram utilizados os modelos de regressão linear simples e múltipla e, posteriormente, foi considerada a dependência espacial das observações por meio do modelo espacial autorregressivo misto (Spatial AutoRegressive - SAR) e do modelo de erro espacial (Conditional AutoRegressive - CAR). Todos os procedimentos estatísticos e computacionais foram realizados com auxílio dos programas Minitab 17 e GeoDa.

RESULTADO: Após uma análise exploratória prévia e ajuste do modelo de regressão linear clássico, verificou-se a necessidade da inclusão da dependência espacial nas variáveis em estudo. Dentre os modelos espaciais ajustados, verificou-se, por meio de critérios estatísticos, que o modelo CAR é o mais adequado para descrever o problema considerado. O modelo foi capaz de apontar que a região mais ao sul da cidade de Presidente Epitácio, São Paulo, possui qualidade de vida mais baixa, ao passo que as regiões norte e nordeste do município possuem qualidade de vida mais alta.

CONCLUSÕES: A metodologia aplicada se mostrou uma poderosa ferramenta no que tange à distinção de áreas que apresentam maior ou menor qualidade de vida no município de Presidente Epitácio, São Paulo. Com isto, esta pesquisa pode oferecer subsídios para a criação de políticas públicas específicas para cada uma das regiões (setores censitários) da cidade em estudo.
La ruralité : petite histoire au prisme du syndicalisme agricole
Authors: Luneau Gilles
Published: November 2015

Né et grandi sous l’influence idéologique de l’agrarisme, le syndicalisme agricole français a longtemps réduit la ruralité aux intérêts des seuls agriculteurs. Ce corporatisme a fait exploser la ruralité qui s’organisait autour de la ferme. Aujourd’hui encore, à gauche comme à droite, les syndicats agricoles peinent à penser la campagne. À travers l’histoire du syndicalisme agricole, ce sont les transformations du monde rural qui se donnent à lire.
Le bourg, l’atelier et le syndicat
Authors: Mischi Julian
Published: November 2015

Les images associant les territoires ruraux à leur seul volet agricole ou à des espaces dédiés avant tout à la détente pour citadins sont prégnantes. On peut y voir un effet du travail journalistique ou encore de créations artistiques qui confortent les représentations esthétisantes de la ruralité. De telles représentations s’accordent bien avec les expériences de la campagne vécues par la plupart des urbains, touristes de passage ou propriétaires de résidences secondaires. Mais, au-delà de paysages plus ou moins champêtres, la sociologie des campagnes françaises décrit des territoires profondément populaires, où les ouvriers forment le premier groupe d’actifs bien loin devant celui des agriculteurs ou des cadres qui cherchent à se mettre « au vert ». Des territoires qui n’échappent pas aux dynamiques inégalitaires et aux conflits de classes 1 .
Les lueurs sombres de la ZAD de Sivens
Authors: Xardel Victoria , Berlan Aurélien
Published: November 2015

Les récentes luttes d’occupation de zones à défendre (ZAD) ont pris l’an dernier à Sivens un tour tragique. Rémi Fraisse, jeune militant amoureux de la nature, a trouvé la mort sous les grenades des forces de gendarmerie, dont on ne voit pas très bien ce qu’elles cherchaient à protéger, alors même que leur intervention se faisait à l’appel des « aménageurs » du territoire du Testet. À travers trois extraits de la publication qui a accompagné l’intense semaine de mobilisation fin octobre l’an dernier à Sivens, la revue Mouvements 1 a voulu donner à lire les chroniques ordinaires de luttes extraordinaires. Et rendre hommage à Rémi Fraisse.
Les chevaux de bataille du monde rural
Authors: Bourdeau Vincent , Poulteau Ève
Published: November 2015

Jean-Claude Balbot s’est installé dans les Monts d’Arrée en Bretagne dans les années 1970. Son parcours de paysan sur des terres de quévaise est nourri d’engagements multiples : squat de terres, travail social, création d’une école publique bilingue notamment, mais aussi engagement à la Confédération paysanne et au sein du réseau des Civam. Cet itinéraire nous permet de comprendre qu’en matière de luttes politiques en milieu rural, il est urgent non seulement de ne pas baisser la garde, mais de continuer le combat.
Que faire de l’autogestion ?
Authors: Gulli Florian
Published: November 2015

Ce texte ne cherche pas à ouvrir un règlement de compte avec l’idée d’autogestion, mais tente plutôt de la réhabiliter hors des perspectives habituelles qui ignorent parfois superbement les objections sérieuses qu’on peut lui opposer. L’auteur tente ainsi d’articuler des stratégies politiques que les traditions autogestionnaires, comme celles qui contestent l’idée d’autogestion, ont pris l’habitude d’opposer.
Créer un espace avec le patient
Authors: Cannou Emmanuel
Published: November 2015

Le yoga, discipline du corps et de l’esprit, est désormais intégré par le champ des prises en charge psychothérapeutiques proposant des médiations corporelles. Bien qu’originaire d’un espace culturel différent des conceptions scientifiques qui soutiennent la psychopathologie, son utilisation, dans un cadre raisonné, doit pouvoir œuvrer en faveur d’un processus créateur. En ce sens, il s’agit d’une pratique humaniste qui partage avec les théories psychosomatiques l’idée d’une indissociable union entre le corps et la psyché. Le cas de G., ici rapporté, permettra d’éclairer comment l’utilisation d’une telle médiation s’envisage dans la relation avec des patients dont la symptomatologie s’énonce par un trop-plein de pensées et une régression vers des états corporels en attente d’appropriation.
Enterramientos regios en Castilla y León (c. 842-1504). La dispersión de los espacios funerarios y el fracaso de la memoria dinástica
Authors: Arias Guillén Fernando
Published: November 2015

La ausencia de un mausoleo regio en Castilla similar a Saint-Denis o Westminster se ha considerado, de manera tradicional, fruto del desinterés de los monarcas castellanos en las ceremonias funerarias y de las fronteras movedizas de un reino siempre en expansión. En el presente artículo se pretende analizar los espacios funerarios de la monarquía castellanoleonesa durante toda la Edad Media y plantear las causas que impidieron la consolidación de un único panteón dinástico. A lo largo de estas líneas se reexaminará el papel de la Reconquista en este proceso y se mostrará que la dispersión de espacios funerarios y la no consolidación de un único mausoleo regio fue resultado de las circunstancias concretas que se dieron entre mediados del siglo XIII y finales del XIV, período en el que el resto de reinos occidentales sí crearon sus propios panteones dinásticos.
Panteones regios leoneses (924-1109). Concatenaciones dinásticas y discontinuidades topográficas
Authors: Boto Varela Gerardo
Published: November 2015

Este examen histórico-artístico de los cementerios regios de León y Sahagún explora crónicas y edificios. Los análisis revelan diversidad de soluciones y actitudes. Por ello, deben cuestionarse los axiomas historiográficos de uniformidad de modelos, continuidad lineal y unicidad de una presunta tradición hispana. Ya que un motor del relato histórico es el linaje de los monarcas, se escruta la genealogía arquitectónica y funcional de los panteones constituidos por y para los reyes de León, atendiendo a los vínculos, sucesiones y discontinuidades. Desvelar algunas penumbras de los sepulcros de los soberanos ayuda a comprender dónde radica el encadenamiento y la subsistencia del reino mismo.