bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fast prototype selection algorithm based on adjacent neighbourhood and boundary approximation
Authors: Li Juan , Dai Cai
Published: November 2022

The unceasing increase of data quantity severely limits the wide application of mature classification algorithms due to the unacceptable execution time and the insufficient memory. How to fast incrementally obtain high decision reference set and adapt to incremental data environment is urgently needed in incremental environments, large dataset, etc. This paper proposes a novel prototype selection algorithm by integrating the strategies between condensing method and editing method. To an unlearned pattern, this algorithm extends the references scope from its single nearest neighbour to its k nearest neighbourhood that can expand the judgment information to obtain its detailed neighbour relationship. Then a pattern was determined whether it is a prototype using its neighbour relationship and classification boundary asymptotically strategy. To maintain the higher reference set, this algorithm periodically updates those prototypes that locates in the non-boundary zone or is long-time unlearned. The empirical study shows that this algorithm obtains the smaller and higher boundary prototypes without decreasing classification accuracy and reduction rate than the compared algorithms.
An RCT study showing few weeks of music lessons enhance audio-visual temporal processing
Authors: Che Yuqing , Jicol Crescent , Ashwin Chris , Petrini Karin
Published: November 2022

Music involves different senses and is emotional in nature, and musicians show enhanced detection of audio-visual temporal discrepancies and emotion recognition compared to non-musicians. However, whether musical training produces these enhanced abilities or if they are innate within musicians remains unclear. Thirty-one adult participants were randomly assigned to a music training, music listening, or control group who all completed a one-hour session per week for 11 weeks. The music training group received piano training, the music listening group listened to the same music, and the control group did their homework. Measures of audio-visual temporal discrepancy, facial expression recognition, autistic traits, depression, anxiety, stress and mood were completed and compared from the beginning to end of training. ANOVA results revealed that only the music training group showed a significant improvement in detection of audio-visual temporal discrepancies compared to the other groups for both stimuli (flash-beep and face-voice). However, music training did not improve emotion recognition from facial expressions compared to the control group, while it did reduce the levels of depression, stress and anxiety compared to baseline. This RCT study provides the first evidence of a causal effect of music training on improved audio-visual perception that goes beyond the music domain.
Association of miR-144 levels in the peripheral blood with COVID-19 severity and mortality
Authors: Madè Alisia , Greco Simona , Vausort Melanie , Miliotis Marios , Schordan Eric , Baksi Shounak , Zhang Lu , Baryshnikova Ekaterina , Ranucci Marco , Cardani Rosanna , Fagherazzi Guy , Ollert Markus , Tastsoglou Spyros , Vatsellas Giannis , Hatzigeorgiou Artemis , Firat Hüseyin , Devaux Yvan , Martelli Fabio
Published: November 2022

Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) can be asymptomatic or lead to a wide symptom spectrum, including multi-organ damage and death. Here, we explored the potential of microRNAs in delineating patient condition and predicting clinical outcome. Plasma microRNA profiling of hospitalized COVID-19 patients showed that miR-144-3p was dynamically regulated in response to COVID-19. Thus, we further investigated the biomarker potential of miR-144-3p measured at admission in 179 COVID-19 patients and 29 healthy controls recruited in three centers. In hospitalized patients, circulating miR-144-3p levels discriminated between non-critical and critical illness (AUCmiR-144-3p = 0.71; p = 0.0006), acting also as mortality predictor (AUCmiR-144-3p = 0.67; p = 0.004). In non-hospitalized patients, plasma miR-144-3p levels discriminated mild from moderate disease (AUCmiR-144-3p = 0.67; p = 0.03). Uncontrolled release of pro-inflammatory cytokines can lead to clinical deterioration. Thus, we explored the added value of a miR-144/cytokine combined analysis in the assessment of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. A miR-144-3p/Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) combined score discriminated between non-critical and critical hospitalized patients (AUCmiR-144-3p/EGF = 0.81; p < 0.0001); moreover, a miR-144-3p/Interleukin-10 (IL-10) score discriminated survivors from nonsurvivors (AUCmiR-144-3p/IL-10 = 0.83; p < 0.0001). In conclusion, circulating miR-144-3p, possibly in combination with IL-10 or EGF, emerges as a noninvasive tool for early risk-based stratification and mortality prediction in COVID-19.
Stroboscopic thermally-driven mechanical motion
Authors: Ornigotti Luca , Filip Radim
Published: November 2022

Unstable nonlinear systems can produce a large displacement driven by a small thermal initial noise. Such inherently nonlinear phenomena are stimulating in stochastic physics, thermodynamics, and in the future even in quantum physics. In one-dimensional mechanical instabilities, recently made available in optical levitation, the rapidly increasing noise accompanying the unstable motion reduces a displacement signal already in its detection. It limits the signal-to-noise ratio for upcoming experiments, thus constraining the observation of such essential nonlinear phenomena and their further exploitation. An extension to a two-dimensional unstable dynamics helps to separate the desired displacement from the noisy nonlinear driver to two independent variables. It overcomes the limitation upon observability, thus enabling further exploitation. However, the nonlinear driver remains unstable and rapidly gets noisy. It calls for a challenging high-order potential to confine the driver dynamics and rectify the noise. Instead, we propose and analyse a feasible stroboscopically-cooled driver that provides the desired detectable motion with sufficiently high signal-to-noise ratio. Fast and deep cooling, together with a rapid change of the driver stiffness, are required to reach it. However, they have recently become available in levitating optomechanics. Therefore, our analysis finally opens the road to experimental investigation of thermally-driven motion in nonlinear systems, its thermodynamical analysis, and future quantum extensions.
Dual-targeted near-infrared photoimmunotherapy for esophageal cancer and cancer-associated fibroblasts in the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Sato Hiroaki , Noma Kazuhiro , Ohara Toshiaki , Kawasaki Kento , Akai Masaaki , Kobayashi Teruki , Nishiwaki Noriyuki , Narusaka Toru , Komoto Satoshi , Kashima Hajime , Katsura Yuki , Kato Takuya , Kikuchi Satoru , Tazawa Hiroshi , Kagawa Shunsuke , Shirakawa Yasuhiro , Kobayashi Hisataka , Fujiwara Toshiyoshi
Published: November 2022

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a significant role in tumor progression within the tumor microenvironment. Previously, we used near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT), a next-generation cancer cell-targeted phototherapy, to establish CAF-targeted NIR-PIT. In this study, we investigated whether dual-targeted NIR-PIT, targeting cancer cells and CAFs, could be a therapeutic strategy. A total of 132 cases of esophageal cancer were analyzed for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2), and fibroblast activation protein (FAP) expression using immunohistochemistry. Human esophageal cancer cells and CAFs were co-cultured and treated with single- or dual-targeted NIR-PIT in vitro. These cells were co-inoculated into BALB/c-nu/nu mice and the tumors were treated with single-targeted NIR-PIT or dual-targeted NIR-PIT in vivo. Survival analysis showed FAP- or EGFR-high patients had worse survival than patients with low expression of FAP or EGFR (log-rank, P < 0.001 and P = 0.074, respectively), while no difference was observed in HER2 status. In vitro, dual (EGFR/FAP)-targeted NIR-PIT induced specific therapeutic effects in cancer cells and CAFs along with suppressing tumor growth in vivo, whereas single-targeted NIR-PIT did not show any significance. Moreover, these experiments demonstrated that dual-targeted NIR-PIT could treat cancer cells and CAFs simultaneously with a single NIR light irradiation. We demonstrated the relationship between EGFR/FAP expression and prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer and the stronger therapeutic effect of dual-targeted NIR-PIT than single-targeted NIR-PIT in experimental models. Thus, dual-targeted NIR-PIT might be a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment.
Quality measures for fully automatic CT histogram-based fat estimation on a corpse sample
Authors: Schenkl Sebastian , Hubig Michael , Muggenthaler Holger , Shanmugam Jayant Subramaniam , Güttler Felix , Heinrich Andreas , Teichgräber Ulf , Mall Gita
Published: November 2022

In a previous article a new algorithm for fully automatic ‘CT histogram based Fat Estimation and quasi-Segmentation’ (CFES) was validated on synthetic data, on a special CT phantom, and tested on one corpse. Usage of said data in FE-modelling for temperature-based death time estimation is the investigation’s number one long-term goal. The article presents CFES’s results on a human corpse sample of size R = 32, evaluating three different performance measures: the τ-value, measuring the ability to differentiate fat from muscle, the anatomical fat-muscle misclassification rate D, and the weighted distance S between the empirical and the theoretical grey-scale value histogram. CFES-performance on the sample was: D = 3.6% for weight exponent α = 1, slightly higher for α ≥ 2 and much higher for α ≤ 0. Investigating τ, S and D on the sample revealed some unexpected results: While large values of τ imply small D-values, rising S implies falling D and there is a positive linear relationship between τ and S. The latter two findings seem to be counter-intuitive. Our Monte Carlo analysis detected a general umbrella type relation between τ and S, which seems to stem from a pivotal problem in fitting Normal mixture distributions.
Association between CYP2E1 polymorphisms and colorectal cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sharzehan Mohamad Ayub Khan , Sito Hilary , Abdullah Noraidatulakma , Alexiou Athanasios , Papadakis Marios , Jamal Rahman , Tan Shing Cheng
Published: November 2022

CYP2E1 encodes an enzyme that participates in the activation of several carcinogenic substances. Thus, numerous studies have investigated the association between CYP2E1 polymorphisms and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, but inconclusive results have been obtained. We performed a meta-analysis to precisely evaluate the relationship of CYP2E1 rs2031920, rs3813867, and rs6413432 polymorphisms with the susceptibility to CRC. Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed databases were searched to identify eligible studies, and the association between the polymorphisms and CRC risk was then quantitatively synthesized using different genetic models. Eighteen studies with 23,598 subjects were selected for inclusion into the analysis. Significant association between rs2031920 and an increased CRC risk was observed in homozygous (OR = 1.496, 95% CI 1.177–1.901, P = 0.001), recessive (OR = 1.467, 95% CI  1.160–1.857, P = 0.001) and allele (OR = 1.162, 95% CI  1.001–1.349, P = 0.048) models. Significant association was not found for rs3813867 and rs6413432 (P > 0.05). In conclusion, our results suggest that rs2031920, but not rs3813867 and rs6413432, is associated with the risk of CRC.
Identification of a key ceRNA network associated with ferroptosis in gastric cancer
Authors: Jin Wen , Liu Jianli , Yang Jie , Feng Zongqi , Feng Zhenxing , Huang Na , Yang Tingyu , Yu Lan
Published: November 2022

Ferroptosis, a newly discovered irondependent form of regulated cell death caused by excessive accumulation of lipid peroxides, is linked to the development and treatment response of various types of cancer, including gastric cancer (GC). Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), as key regulators in cancer, have both oncogenic and tumor suppressive roles. However, studies on ferroptosis-related ncRNA networks in GC are still lacking. Here, we first identified 61 differentially expressed genes associated with ferroptosis in GC by computing and analyzing gene expression profile of tumor and normal tissues for GC. Then, upstream lncRNAs and miRNAs interacting with them were found through miRNet and miRBase databases, and hub lncRNAs and miRNAs were obtained through topological analysis. Finally, the ceRNA regulatory network linked to ferroptosis in GC was established, which includes two ferroptosis marker genes (TXNIP and TSC22D3), one driver gene (GABARAPL1), and one suppressor gene (CAV1). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that changes in the expression of these genes were associated with the survival of GC patients. Furthermore, our study revealed that this ceRNA network may influence the progression of GC by regulating ferroptosis process. These results will help experimental researchers to design an experiment study to further explore the roles of this regulatory network in GC ferroptosis.
Stimulus decay functions in action control
Authors: Frings Christian , Moeller Birte , Beste Christian , Münchau Alexander , Pastötter Bernhard
Published: November 2022

When facing particular combinations of stimuli and responses, people create temporary event-files integrating the corresponding stimulus and response features. Subsequent repetition of one or more of these features retrieves the entire event-file, which impairs performance if not all features are repeated (partial-repetition costs). In the literature, different decay functions have been reported presumably dependent on the type of feature that is repeated (e.g. target vs. distractor features). Here, we use a variant of the S1R1-S2R2 and distractor-response binding task and analyze for the first time target-based and distractor-based event-file decay functions within the same task and sample. While we found evidence for decay functions and also stronger retrieval due to target than distractor repetitions, slopes of the decay functions were comparable suggesting that the decay process itself is equal irrespective of the type of stimulus feature that is repeated. Our study thereby confirms overarching approaches that summarize paradigm specific findings with the same set of core processes.
Genetic trends in CIMMYT’s tropical maize breeding pipelines
Authors: Prasanna Boddupalli M. , Burgueño Juan , Beyene Yoseph , Makumbi Dan , Asea Godfrey , Woyengo Vincent , Tarekegne Amsal , Magorokosho Cosmos , Wegary Dagne , Ndhlela Thokozile , Zaman-Allah Mainassara , Matova Prince M. , Mwansa Kabamba , Mashingaidze Kingstone , Fato Pedro , Teklewold Adefris , Vivek B. S. , Zaidi P. H. , Vinayan M. T. , Patne Nagesh , Rakshit Sujay , Kumar Ramesh , Jat S. L. , Singh S. B. , Kuchanur Prakash H. , Lohithaswa H. C. , Singh N. K. , Koirala K. B. , Ahmed Salahuddin , Vicente Felix San , Dhliwayo Thanda , Cairns Jill E.
Published: November 2022

Fostering a culture of continuous improvement through regular monitoring of genetic trends in breeding pipelines is essential to improve efficiency and increase accountability. This is the first global study to estimate genetic trends across the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) tropical maize breeding pipelines in eastern and southern Africa (ESA), South Asia, and Latin America over the past decade. Data from a total of 4152 advanced breeding trials and 34,813 entries, conducted at 1331 locations in 28 countries globally, were used for this study. Genetic trends for grain yield reached up to 138 kg ha−1 yr−1 in ESA, 118 kg ha−1 yr−1 South Asia and 143 kg ha−1 yr−1 in Latin America. Genetic trend was, in part, related to the extent of deployment of new breeding tools in each pipeline, strength of an extensive phenotyping network, and funding stability. Over the past decade, CIMMYT’s breeding pipelines have significantly evolved, incorporating new tools/technologies to increase selection accuracy and intensity, while reducing cycle time. The first pipeline, Eastern Africa Product Profile 1a (EA-PP1a), to implement marker-assisted forward-breeding for resistance to key diseases, coupled with rapid-cycle genomic selection for drought, recorded a genetic trend of 2.46% per year highlighting the potential for deploying new tools/technologies to increase genetic gain.
Intracrystalline deformation microstructures in natural olivine with implications for stress estimation
Authors: Ma Jian , Liu Wenlong , Cao Yi , Zhang Junfeng , Liu Chuanzhou
Published: November 2022

Constraining the stress related to lithospheric deformation in natural rocks is key to develop and test a geodynamic model. However, the cautions of extrapolating piezometers that are established on experimental samples to natural rocks are less addressed. In this study, we investigated the microstructures of a natural harzburgite sample using the electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) technique. Subgrain boundary (SGB) geometries suggest large percentages of (010)[100] and {0kl}[100] dislocation slip systems in olivines. More importantly, multiple low-angle misorientation boundaries (LAMBs) variants are recognized for the first time in olivine based on their distinctive characteristics with the change of EBSD mapping step size. The LAMBs that exist at a small step size (≤ 1 μm) are mostly equivalent to real SGBs, while other LAMBs that appear only when the step size is larger (> 1 μm) are artificial SGBs. Besides, the former develop mainly in the high LAMB density grains, whereas the latter are mostly found in the low LAMB density grains. This result reinforces the previous knowledge that the stress calculated using subgrain-related piezometers is meaningful only when real SGBs are captured at sufficiently small step size. Furthermore, we provide a proof of concept that SGB density and kernel average misorientation (KAM) are two viable metrics to estimate stress. These two alternative piezometers, which still need calibrations using the experimentally deformed samples, are anticipated to have wide applications in natural rocks.
The Hubble constant troubled by dark matter in non-standard cosmologies
Authors: Alcaniz J. S. , Neto J. P. , Queiroz F. S. , da Silva D. R. , Silva R.
Published: November 2022

The Standard Cosmological Model has experienced tremendous success at reproducing observational data by assuming a universe dominated by a cosmological constant and dark matter in a flat geometry. However, several studies, based on local measurements, indicate that the universe is expanding too fast, in disagreement with the Cosmic Microwave Background. Taking into account combined data from CMB, Baryon Acoustic Oscillation, and type Ia Supernovae, we show that if the mechanism behind the production of dark matter particles has at least a small non-thermal origin, one can induce larger values of the Hubble rate$$H_0$$H0, within the$$\Lambda$$ΛCDM, to alleviate the trouble with$$H_0$$H0. In the presence of non-standard cosmology, however, we can fully reconcile CMB and local measurements and reach$$H_0=70$$H0=70–74 $${\text {km s}}^{-1}\,{\text {Mpc}}^{-1}$$km s-1Mpc-1.
The autism-associated Meis2 gene is necessary for cardiac baroreflex regulation in mice
Authors: Roussel J. , Larcher R. , Sicard P. , Bideaux P. , Richard S. , Marmigère F. , Thireau J.
Published: November 2022

Recent understanding of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) showed that peripheral primary mechanosensitive neurons involved in touch sensation and central neurons affected in ASD share transcriptional regulators. Mutant mice for ASD-associated transcription factors exhibit impaired primary tactile perception and restoring those genes specifically in primary sensory neurons rescues some of the anxiety-like behavior and social interaction defects. Interestingly, peripheral mechanosensitive sensory neurons also project to internal organs including the cardiovascular system, and an imbalance of the cardio-vascular sympathovagal regulation is evidenced in ASD and intellectual disability. ASD patients have decreased vagal tone, suggesting dysfunction of sensory neurons involved in cardio-vascular sensing. In light of our previous finding that the ASD-associated Meis2 gene is necessary for normal touch neuron development and function, we investigated here if its inactivation in mouse peripheral sensory neurons also affects cardio-vascular sympathovagal regulation and baroreflex. Combining echocardiography, pharmacological challenge, blood pressure monitoring, and heart rate variability analysis, we found that Meis2 mutant mice exhibited a blunted vagal response independently of any apparent cardiac malformation. These results suggest that defects in primary sensory neurons with mechanosensitive identity could participate in the imbalanced cardio-vascular sympathovagal tone found in ASD patients, reinforcing current hypotheses on the role of primary sensory neurons in the etiology of ASD.
Optimized APPS-tDCS electrode position, size, and distance doubles the on-target stimulation magnitude in 3000 electric field models
Authors: Caulfield Kevin A. , George Mark S.
Published: November 2022

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a widely used noninvasive brain stimulation technique with mixed results to date. A potential solution is to apply more efficient stimulation to ensure that each participant receives sufficient cortical activation. In this four-part study, we used electric field (E-field) modeling to systematically investigate the cortical effects of conventional and novel tDCS electrode montages, with the goal of creating a new easily adoptable form of tDCS that induces higher and more focal E-fields. We computed 3000 anatomically accurate, MRI-based E-field models using 2 mA tDCS to target the left primary motor cortex in 200 Human Connectome Project (HCP) participants and tested the effects of: 1. Novel Electrode Position, 2. Electrode Size, and 3. Inter-Electrode Distance on E-field magnitude and focality. In particular, we examined the effects of placing electrodes surrounding the corticomotor target in the anterior and posterior direction (anterior posterior pad surround tDCS; APPS-tDCS). We found that electrode position, electrode size, and inter-electrode distance all significantly impact the cortical E-field magnitude and focality of stimulation (all p < 0.0001). At the same 2 mA scalp stimulation intensity, APPS-tDCS with smaller than conventional 1 × 1 cm electrodes surrounding the neural target deliver more than double the on-target cortical E-field (APPS-tDCS: average of 0.55 V/m from 2 mA; M1-SO and bilateral M1: both 0.27 V/m from 2 mA) while stimulating only a fraction of the off-target brain regions; 2 mA optimized APPS-tDCS produces 4.08 mA-like cortical E-fields. In sum, this new optimized APPS-tDCS method produces much stronger cortical stimulation intensities at the same 2 mA scalp intensity. APPS-tDCS also more focally stimulates the cortex at the intended target, using simple EEG coordinate locations and without MRI scans. This APPS-tDCS method is adoptable to any existing, commercially available tDCS device and can be used to ensure sufficient cortical activation in each person. Future directions include testing whether APPS-tDCS produces larger and more consistent therapeutic tDCS effects.
Nanowire melting modes during the solid–liquid phase transition: theory and molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Ridings Kannan M. , Hendy Shaun C.
Published: November 2022

Molecular dynamics simulations have shown that after initial surface melting, nanowires can melt via two mechanisms: an interface front moves towards the wire centre; the growth of instabilities at the interface can cause the solid to pinch-off and breakup. By perturbing a capillary fluctuation model describing the interface kinetics, we show when each mechanism is preferred and compare the results to molecular dynamics simulation. A Plateau-Rayleigh-type of instability is found and suggests longer nanowires will melt via an instability mechanism, whereas in shorter nanowires the melting front will move closer to the centre before the solid pinch-off can initiate. Simulations support this theory; preferred modes that destabilise the interface are proportional to the wire length, with longer nanowires preferring to pinch-off and melt; shorter wires have a more stable interface close to their melting temperature, and prefer to melt via an interface front that moves towards the wire centre.
Two-dimensional SiC/AlN based type-II van der Waals heterobilayer as a promising photocatalyst for overall water disassociation
Authors: Ferdous Naim , Islam Md. Sherajul , Biney Jeshurun , Stampfl Catherine , Park Jeongwon
Published: November 2022

Two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures made by vertical assembling of two different layers have drawn immense attention in the photocatalytic water disassociation process. Herein, we suggest a novel 2D/2D vdW heterobilayer consisting of silicon carbide (SiC) and aluminum nitride (AlN) as an exciting photocatalyst for solar-to-hydrogen conversion reactions using first-principles calculations. Notably, the heterostructure presents an inherent type-II band orientation wherein the photogenic holes and electrons are spatially separated in the SiC layer and the AlN layer, respectively. Our results indicate that the SiC/AlN heterostructure occupies a suitable band-gap of 2.97 eV which straddles the kinetic overpotentials of the hydrogen production reaction and oxygen production reaction. Importantly, the built-in electric field at the interface created by substantial charge transfer prohibits carrier recombination and further improves the photocatalytic performance. The heterostructure has an ample absorption profile ranging from the ultraviolet to the near-infrared regime, while the intensity of the absorption reaches up to 2.16 × 105 cm−1. In addition, external strain modulates the optical absorption of the heterostructure effectively. This work provides an intriguing insight into the important features of the SiC/AlN heterostructure and renders useful information on the experimental design of a novel vdW heterostructure for solar energy-driven water disassociation with superior efficiency.
Psychometric analysis of the flow short scale translated to Finnish
Authors: Laakasuo Michael , Palomäki Jussi , Abuhamdeh Sami , Lappi Otto , Cowley Benjamin Ultan
Published: November 2022

Flow is a well-known construct describing the experience of deep absorption in a task, typically demanding but intrinsically motivating, and conducted with high skill. Flow is operationalized by self-report, and various instruments have been developed for this, but none have been made available in the Finnish language in thoroughly validated form. We present a psychometric scale-validation study for the Finnish translation of the Flow Short Scale (FSS). We collected data from 201 Finnish speaking participants using the Prolific Academic platform. We assessed the scale’s factorial structure using Mokken scale analysis, Parallel Analysis, Very Simple Structures analysis and a standard Confirmatory Factor Analysis. We then evaluated how correlated was the FSS with the Flow State Scale and Flow Core Scale. Finally, we evaluated how well the FSS distinguished Flow-inducing experiences from boring (non-Flow-inducing) experiences. Taken together, our results show that an 8-item, two-factor version of the scale was a justified instrument with good psychometric properties.
Local buckling behavior of buried pipeline under seismic oblique-reverse fault displacement
Authors: Xu Lingyue , Cheng Xudong , Huang Runkang , Chen Wendi , Hu Wenjun
Published: November 2022

Seismic fault displacement is the main factor leading to local buckling failure of the buried pipeline, especially crossing the oblique-reverse fault. The local buckling behavior of the buried pipeline is complex under the 3-D displacement of the oblique-reverse fault. In this work, the pipe local buckling mechanism was discussed, then a shell and solid element nonlinear contact coupling model of the pipeline crossing oblique-reverse fault was established based on the ABAQUS program. The local buckling behavior (potential local buckling locations, developing process) of the pipeline under oblique-reverse fault displacement was systematically analyzed, comparing against the same under single fault displacement. Subsequently, the influence of internal pressure, diameter thickness ratio and burial depth on the local buckling behavior of the pipeline were discussed. The numerical results revealed two potential locations and three stages of the local buckling, then the potential local buckling locations and three stages of the local buckling under different internal pressure, diameter thickness ratio and burial depth were obtained. It proves that the local buckling of the pipeline is more sensitive to the oblique-reverse fault displacement than single fault displacement and provides a reference for the aseismic design and reinforcement of the pipeline crossing the oblique-reverse fault.
Human antibody recognition and neutralization mode on the NTD and RBD domains of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein
Authors: Otsubo Ryota , Minamitani Takeharu , Kobiyama Kouji , Fujita Junso , Ito Toshihiro , Ueno Shiori , Anzai Itsuki , Tanino Hiroki , Aoyama Hiroshi , Matsuura Yoshiharu , Namba Keiichi , Imadome Ken-Ichi , Ishii Ken J. , Tsumoto Kouhei , Kamitani Wataru , Yasui Teruhito
Published: November 2022

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Variants of concern (VOCs) such as Delta and Omicron have developed, which continue to spread the pandemic. It has been reported that these VOCs reduce vaccine efficacy and evade many neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that target the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the glycosylated spike (S) protein, which consists of the S1 and S2 subunits. Therefore, identification of optimal target regions is required to obtain neutralizing antibodies that can counter VOCs. Such regions have not been identified to date. We obtained 2 mAbs, NIBIC-71 and 7G7, using peripheral blood mononuclear cells derived from volunteers who recovered from COVID-19. Both mAbs had neutralizing activity against wild-type SARS-CoV-2 and Delta, but not Omicron. NIBIC-71 binds to the RBD, whereas 7G7 recognizes the N-terminal domain of the S1. In particular, 7G7 inhibited S1/S2 cleavage but not the interaction between the S protein and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; it suppressed viral entry. Thus, the efficacy of a neutralizing mAb targeting inhibition of S1/2 cleavage was demonstrated. These results suggest that neutralizing mAbs targeting blockade of S1/S2 cleavage are likely to be cross-reactive against various VOCs.
Bioactive Properties of Mushrooms with Potential Health Benefits
Authors: Cardoso Rossana V. C. , Oludemi Taofiq , Fernandes Ângela , Ferreira Isabel C. F. R. , Barros Lillian
Published: November 2022

Mushrooms have been consumed as food since earliest history, and they are part of human culture due to their sensory characteristics and attractive culinary attributes. Over the last few decades, studies into the pharmacological and therapeutic properties of mushrooms have become a matter of great interest to the scientific community, as they contain diverse bioactive compounds with health-promoting benefits. This chapter discusses recent advances and trends in mushroom utilization as functional health promoters. Special attention is given to the most important biological properties that have been widely reported for mushroom extracts and their related metabolites, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroinflammatory, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, cytotoxic, cardioprotective, antidiabetic, anti-aging, and hepatoprotective properties. Despite the promising potential of mushrooms as nutritional adjuvants with profound therapeutic properties, studies analysing their mechanism of action and validating their clinical effectiveness remain lacking.
Applications of Mushrooms in the Food Industry
Authors: Petrović J. , Kostić M. , Stojković D. , Glamočlija J.
Published: November 2022

Edible fungi do not serve only as nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals; the use of their extracts and compounds is described in the literature in food products as convenient natural alternatives for synthetic food additives and food enhancers. In recent years there has been growing interest in processed mushroom products in different forms, such as dried, fermented, and preserved/canned products. Mushroom sources also have emerged as an extraordinary alternative to animal-based proteins; proteins derived from fungi are currently present on the market as a sole product also, in the form of powder. Currently there is an increase in mushroom-based foods, such as upgraded snacks and flours, faux meat/dairy products, etc. The role of mushroom extracts in the contemporary food industry is presented in this chapter, as well as their role as pre- and probiotics. Also, the encapsulation of mushrooms is presented with an emphasis on their respective use.
Covalent organic framework linked with amination luminol derivative as enhanced ECL luminophore for ultrasensitive analysis of cytochromec
Authors: Shen Luan , Wang Yi-Wen , Shan Hong-Yan , Chen Jun , Wang Ai-Jun , Liu Wen , Yuan Pei-Xin , Feng Jiu-Ju
Published: November 2022

COFs were grafted with ABEI and applied for building a label-free ECL biosensor for cytcdetection.
Antimicrobial peptide-grafted PLGA-PEG nanoparticles to fight bacterial wound infections
Authors: Ramôa António Miguel , Campos Filipa , Moreira Luís , Teixeira Cátia , Leiro Victoria , Gomes Paula , das Neves José , Martins M. Cristina L. , Monteiro Cláudia
Published: November 2022

Production and characterization of AMP (MSI-78 (4–20)) grafted PLGA-PEG NPs by optimization of PLGA-PEG/PLGA-PEG-Maleimide ratios. AMP-NPs are biocompatible and demonstrate improved killing kinetics against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa.
Integrating a zwitterionic peptide with a two-photoelectrode system for an advanced photoelectrochemical immunosensing platform
Authors: Xu Yaqun , Chen Huimin , Song Zhi-Ling , Fan Gao-Chao , Luo Xiliang
Published: November 2022

A feasible zwitterionic peptide integrated two-photoelectrode strategy was proposed to construct an advanced photoelectrochemical immunosensing platform capable of accurate and sensitive detection of target biomarkers in complex biological specimens.
Direct synthesis of C3-alkynyl pyrroloindolines from tryptamines via a visible-light-induced radical cascade reaction
Authors: Ren LinLin , Wang Yonggong , Huo Yanman , Tong Xiaogang , Xia Chengfeng
Published: November 2022

Direct alkynylation of tryptamines with functionalized alkynyl sulfones to afford C3-alkynyl pyrroloindolines via a visible-light-induced intramolecular 5-endo-trig radical cyclization/intermolecular radical addition/elimination process.
Electron-hopping across dye-sensitized mesoporous NiO surfaces
Authors: Wrede Sina , He Lanlan , Boschloo Gerrit , Hammarström Leif , Kloo Lars , Tian Haining
Published: November 2022

Electron hopping across dye-sensitized mesoporous NiO surfaces was investigated, showing that the electron hopping between NiO surface states is much faster than between the dyes.
A benchmark for non-covalent interactions in organometallic crystals
Authors: Díaz Mirón José Eduardo Zamudio , Stein Matthias
Published: November 2022

XTMC43 is a benchmark set to assess computational means to describe cohesive interactions in crystals of transition metal complexes.
Two-dimensional Cs3Sb2I9/C2N van der Waals type-II heterostructure: a promising photocatalyst for high efficiency water splitting
Authors: Wang Hui , Zhou Baozeng , Li Wei
Published: November 2022

The Cs3Sb2I9/C2N heterostructure possesses type-II band alignment with suitable redox band edge positions and controllability by biaxial strain, and is expected to be a potential photocatalyst for water splitting.
Controlled propulsion of micro/nanomotors: operational mechanisms, motion manipulation and potential biomedical applications
Authors: Liu Tianyi , Xie Lei , Price Cameron-Alexander Hurd , Liu Jian , He Qiang , Kong Biao
Published: November 2022

Micro/nanomotors with advanced motion manipulation show great promise in biomedical fields. This review article critically summarizes the working principles, manipulation strategies, biomedical applications, and future prospects of micro/nanomotors.
Oxygen vacancy-engineered ultrathin NiCo2O4 nanosheet arrays derived from MOFs as an advanced electrode for supercapacitors
Authors: Zhao Qingqing , Tao Kai , Han Lei
Published: November 2022

Ultrathin NiCo2O4 nanosheet arrays with tunable oxygen vacancies are constructed by a facile method, and it exhibits significantly boosted electrochemical performance.
Electrochemical primary amination of imidazopyridines with azidotrimethylsilane under mild conditions
Authors: Zhu Yan , Chu Qiao , Li Heng , Liu Ping , Sun Peipei
Published: November 2022

A straightforward protocol involved electrochemical primary amination of imidazopyridines under mild conditions was described, in which TMSN3 was used as the nitrogen source and a trace amount of H2O was used as the hydrogen source.
Molecular packing structural transition driven handedness inversion of circularly polarized luminescence of phenothiazine substituted Phe–Phe dipeptides
Authors: Lian Ting , Liu Wei , Li Yi , Yang Yonggang
Published: November 2022

A structural transition from micelles to twisted nanoribbons with extending aging time was observed, and CPL handedness inversion was achieved.
Promising ultra-short channel transistors based on OM2S (M = Ga, In) monolayers for high performance and low power consumption
Authors: Li Xueping , Yuan Peize , Li Lin , Liu Ting , Shen Chenhai , Jiang Yurong , Song Xiaohui , Li Jingbo , Xia Congxin
Published: November 2022

A device with a gate length less than 3 nm has a low subthreshold swing, fast switching speeds, and low switching energies, and the related parameters can simultaneously satisfy the ITRS in 2028.
Deciphering the photophysical properties of near-infrared quantum emitters in AlGaN films by transition dynamics
Authors: Xue Yingxian , Yuan Junxiao , Li Qian , Chen Feiliang , Yuan Xinrui , Ju Zhiping , Zhang Shiyu , Wu Botao , Hou Yidong , Li Mo , Zhang Jian , Wu E
Published: November 2022

We investigate the key photophysical properties of NIR quantum emitters from point defects in AlGaN films both theoretically and experimentally.
Synthesis of acridinesviacopper-catalyzed amination/annulation cascades between arylboronic acids and anthranils
Authors: Li Yuge , Xu Liang , Wei Yu
Published: November 2022

The direct conversion of aryl boronic acids and anthranils to acridines has been realized herein,viathe catalysis of copper species under acidic conditions.
Substitution pattern in ruthenium octa-n-butoxyphthalocyanine complexes influence their reactivity in N–H carbene insertions
Authors: Kroitor Andrey P. , Dmitrienko Alexander A. , Martynov Alexander G. , Gorbunova Yulia G. , Sorokin Alexander B.
Published: November 2022

Single and double N–H insertions selectively performed by α- and β-substituted RuPc(OBu)8 allow for the preparation of unsymmetrical tertiary amines.
A promising 1D Cd-based hybrid perovskite-type for white-light emission with high-color-rendering index
Authors: Gassara Mahdi , Msalmi Rawia , Liu Xinghui , Hassen Fredj , Moliterni Anna , Ben Hamadi Naoufel , Guesmi Ahlem , Khezami Lotfi , Soltani Taoufik , Naïli Houcine
Published: November 2022

The synthesized 1D-perovskite-type (C6H7NBr)3[CdBr5] shows a broad-band white light emission with an extra-high CRI of 98 and chromaticity coordinates (0.30, 0.32).
Titanium dioxide-based anode materials for lithium-ion batteries: structure and synthesis
Authors: Shi Huili , Shi Chaoyun , Jia Zhitong , Zhang Long , Wang Haifeng , Chen Jingbo
Published: November 2022

In this paper, the structure of three TiO2polymorphs are introduced, then the preparation and electrochemical properties of TiO2with different morphologies and the related research on the composite with carbon and other materials are discussed.
Transition from synaptic simulation to nonvolatile resistive switching behavior based on an Ag/Ag:ZnO/Pt memristor
Authors: Huang Yong , Yu Jiahao , Kong Yu , Wang Xiaoqiu
Published: November 2022

Synaptic simulation and nonvolatile resistive switching properties were achieved in one device.
B(C6F5)3-catalyzed oxidation of α-diazoesters using DMF and molecular oxygen as oxygen sources
Authors: Wang Bei , Zhang Guo-Min , Zhang Hua , Wang Ji-Yu
Published: November 2022

B(C6F5)3-catalyzed synthesis of α-ketoesters via the oxidation of α-diazoesters using DMF and molecular oxygen as oxygen sources..
Ammonia from dinitrogen at ambient conditions by organometallic catalysts
Authors: Bora Debashree , Gayen Firdaus Rahaman , Saha Biswajit
Published: November 2022

Nitrogen fixation by organometallic catalysts at room temperature and pressure as an alternative route of Haber–Bosch process.
DLBLS_SS: protein secondary structure prediction using deep learning and broad learning system
Authors: Yuan Lu , Hu Xiaopei , Ma Yuming , Liu Yihui
Published: November 2022

Protein secondary structure prediction.
Robust acid–base Ln-MOFs: searching for efficient catalysts in cycloaddition of CO2 with epoxides and cascade deacetalization–Knoevenagel reactions
Authors: Si Xuezhen , Pan Xuze , Xue Jintang , Yao Qingxia , Huang Xianqiang , Duan Wenzeng , Qiu Yi , Su Jie , Cao Minglei , Li Jun
Published: November 2022

A family of microporous and acid–base Ln-MOFs (1-Ln, Ln = Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Yb) has been synthesized from the H3NTB ligand. 1-Ln can efficiently catalyze both cycloaddition of epoxides with CO2 and one-pot cascade deacetalization–Knoevenagel reactions.
Influence of the solvent in the self-assembly and binding properties of [1 + 1] tetra-imine bis-calix[4]pyrrole cages
Authors: Mirabella Chiara F. M. , Aragay Gemma , Ballester Pablo
Published: November 2022

We report the self-assembly and binding properties of [1+1] tetra-imine cages based on two different tetra-α aryl-extended calix[4]pyrrole scaffolds in chlorinated solvents and in a 9 : 1 CDCl3 : CD3CN solvent mixture.
A domino-like localized cascade toehold assembly amplification-based DNA nanowire for microRNA imaging in living cells
Authors: Yang Zizhong , Liu Birong , Huang Ting , Sun Mengxu , Tong li  , Duan Wen-Jun , Li Min-Min , Chen Jin-Xiang , Dai Zong , Chen Jun
Published: November 2022

A domino-like localized cascade toehold assembly amplification-based DNA nanowire was proposed for microRNA imaging in living cells.
Soft electrochemical bubble actuator with liquid metal electrode using an embodied hydrogel pneumatic source
Authors: Vallem Veenasri , Roosa Erin , Ledinh Tyler , Rashid Nadimi Sahar , Kiani Abolfazl , Dickey Michael D.
Published: November 2022

Here, we report soft electrochemical systems that could enable pump-free pneumatic actuation. Besides, the electrochemical approach requires only a few volts to actuate, unlike dielectric actuators, which require ∼kV.
Covalent organic framework-derived CoRu nanoalloy doped macro–microporous carbon for efficient electrocatalysis
Authors: Zhao Huihui , Zhang Xinghao , Zhang Yaowen , Song Yuzhuang , Li Chen , Liu Kang , Ma Dingxuan
Published: November 2022

A practical and efficient strategy is presented for synthesizing a COF-derived water-splitting electrocatalyst with CoRu nanoalloy and hierarchical porous structure.
Halogen-free photosensitizers based on meso-enamine-BODIPYs for bioimaging and photodynamic therapy
Authors: Prieto-Montero Ruth , Díaz Andres Aitor , Prieto-Castañeda Alejandro , Tabero Andrea , Longarte Asier , Agarrabeitia Antonia R. , Villanueva Angeles , Ortiz María J. , Montero Raúl , Casanova David , Martínez-Martínez Virginia
Published: November 2022

By the straightforward incorporation of an enamine group as an electron-donor moiety at meso position of BODIPY core, a halogen-free theragnostic photosensitizer for PDT with ability of bio staining lipid droplets is achieved.
A novel amelogenesis-inspired hydrogel composite for the remineralization of enamel non-cavitated lesions
Authors: Liu Zhenqi , Lu Junzhuo , Chen Xiangshu , Xiu Peng , Zhang Yinmo , Lv Xiaohui , Jiang Xinyi , Wang Kun , Zhang Linglin
Published: November 2022

Biomimetic design strategy of BQ hydrogel composite and its remineralizing effect on enamel NCLs.
Surface charge and dynamic mechanoelectrical stimuli improves adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of neuron-like cells
Authors: Marques-Almeida T. , Fernandes H. J. R. , Lanceros-Mendez S. , Ribeiro C.
Published: November 2022

Neuronal diseases and trauma are among the current major health-care problems.
Amphiphilic phosphorous dendron micelles co-deliver microRNA inhibitor and doxorubicin for augmented triple negative breast cancer therapy
Authors: Chen Liang , Zhan Mengsi , Li Jin , Cao Liu , Sun Huxiao , Laurent Régis , Mignani Serge , Caminade Anne-Marie , Majoral Jean-Pierre , Shi Xiangyang
Published: November 2022

Amphiphilic phosphorous dendron micelles can be developed to co-deliver microRNA inhibitor and doxorubicin to augment triple negative breast cancer therapy.
Crystal phase engineering SiC nanosheets for enhancing photocatalytic CO2 reduction
Authors: Wang Bing , Shang Xiaotong , Zhang Jiangjie , Shen Jinni , Wang Xuxu , Zhang Zizhong
Published: November 2022

PVP promotes 2H phase SiC generation on 3C-SiC nanosheets to form 2H–3C SiC heterophase junction. The tight interface of 2H–3C phase facilitates the separation of charge carriers, and enhances the photocatalytic reduction of CO2.
Keeping RelApse in Chk: molecular mechanisms of Chk1 inhibitor resistance in lymphoma
Authors: Black Elizabeth M. , Joo Yoon Ki , Kabeche Lilian
Published: November 2022

Chk1 is a member of the DNA damage response pathway, whose loss leads to replication stress and genome instability. Because of its protective role against lethal levels of DNA replication stress, Chk1 has been studied as a valuable and intriguing target for cancer therapy. However, one of the most prominent challenges with this strategy is development of resistance to Chk1 inhibitors, rendering the treatment ineffective. In their recent papers, Hunter and colleagues demonstrate multiple mechanisms by which Chk1 inhibitor resistance can arise in lymphomas. Specifically, this series of papers identify the relationship between dysfunction in NF-κB and the development of Chk1 inhibitor resistance through a loss of Chk1 activity in mouse models of lymphoma. They identify that cells lacking Chk1 activity can compensate for this loss through up-regulation of alternative pathways, such as PI3K/AKT. Finally, this work also identifies a novel role for Claspin, an important Chk1 activator, in female fertility and cancer development, furthering our understanding of how dysfunction in the Claspin/Chk1 signaling pathway affects disease states. These findings improve our understanding of drug resistance in cancer therapy, which has important implications for clinical use of Chk1 inhibitors.