bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KLASIFIKASI MENGGUNAKAN METODE SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE DAN RANDOM FOREST UNTUK DETEKSI AWAL RISIKO DIABETES MELITUS
Authors: Junus Chea Zahrah Vaganza , Tarno Tarno , Kartikasari Puspita
Published: January 2023

Diabetes Mellitus is one of the four leading causes of death and therefore possible treatments are of crucial importance to the world leaders. Prevention and control of Diabetes Mellitus are often done by implementing a healthy lifestyle. Thus, both people with risk factors and people diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus can control their disease in order to prevent complications or premature death.. For a proper education and standardized disease management the early detection of Diabetes Mellitus is necessary, which led to this conducted study about the classification of early detection of Diabetes Mellitus risk by utilizing the use of Machine Learning. The classification algorithms used are the Support Vector Machine and Random Forest where the performance analysis of the two methods will be seen in classifying Diabetes Mellitus data. The type of data used in this study is secondary data obtained from the official website of the UCI Machine Learning Repository consisting of 520 diabetes patient data taken from Sylhet Diabetic Hospital in Bangladesh with 16 independent variables and 1 dependent variable. The dependent variable categorizes the test result into positive and negative Diabetes Mellitus classes. The results of this study indicate that the Random Forest classification algorithm produces a better classification performance on Accuracy (98.08%), Recall (97.87%), Precision (98.92), and F1_Score (88.40%).
Pengaruh Jenis Kelamin, Usia, dan Data Antropometrik terhadap Landmark Blok Popliteal
Authors: Tantri Aida Rosita , Rejeki Sri , Satoto Darto , Soenarto Ratna Farida , Firdaus Riyadh
Published: January 2023

Latar Belakang: Teknik blok popliteal menggunakan stimulator saraf masih menjadi pilihan di Indonesia. Keberhasilan blok meningkat jika pengetahuan dan pemahaman landmark anatomi baik. Landmark anatomi berupa jarak titik percabangan saraf skiatik terhadap lipatan fossa popliteal dan kedalaman titik tersebut dari kulit. Perbedaan landmark anatomi dapat terjadi karena perbedaan ukuran tulang panjang dan massa otot. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh jenis kelamin, usia, dan data antropometri terhadap landmark blok popliteal dengan menggunakan panduan ultrasonografi (USG).Metode: Penelitian bersifat analitik observasional dengan rancangan potong lintang. Penelitian dilaksanakan di RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta setelah mendapatkan izin dari komite etik. Usaha mencari gambaran percabangan saraf skiatik pada tungkai kanan dan kiri menggunakan USG dua dimensi dilakukan pada 107 pasien yang akan menjalani operasi bedah terencana di Instalasi Bedah Terpadu. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis melalui Statistical Program for Social Science (SPSS) untuk mengetahui hubungan dan pengaruh antara jenis kelamin, usia tinggi badan, berat badan dan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) terhadap landmark blok popliteal serta memperoleh formula prediksi landmark blok popliteal.Hasil: Pada penelitian ini diperoleh hubungan bermakna jenis kelamin, tinggi badan terhadap jarak percabangan saraf skiatik ke lipatan fossa popliteal dan hubungan bermakna berat badan, IMT terhadap jarak percabangan saraf skiatik pada permukaan kulit dengan nilai p <0,005. Tinggi badan (TB) dominan berpengaruh terhadap jarak percabangan saraf skiatik dari lipatan fossa popliteal (adjusted R2 38,8% dan 32,4%) sedangkan berat badan dominan terhadap jarak percabangan saraf skiatik ke permukaan kulit (adjusted R2 22,5% dan 24,7%). Formula prediksi jarak percabangan skiatik dari lipatan fossa popliteal (cm) pada tungkai kanan12,548 + 0,133 x (TB dalam cm) dan tungkai kiri -6,549 + 0,091 x (TB dalam cm) + 0,63 x jenis kelamin. Formula prediksi jarak percabangan skiatik ke kulit pada tungkai kanan 0,277 + 0,288 x (BB dalam kg) dan tungkai kiri 0,319 + 0,028 x (BB dalam kg).Kesimpulan: Terdapat pengaruh jenis kelamin dan data antropometrik terhadap landmark blok popliteal.
Effect of Hydrophilic- Lipophilic Balance (HLB) Value on the Stability of Cosmetic Lotion Based on Walnut Oil (Canarium Indicium L.) Oil-in-Water Emulsion
Authors: Putri Alza Izmuliana Eka , Ariyanto Hermawan Dwi
Published: January 2023

Walnut oil is high source of fatty acid especially oleic acid compare to coconut oil. It has about 40-70% of oleic acid and suitable as moisturizing agent, anti-inflammatory and which contains antioxidants that are good for skin health as a primary ingredient for lotion. This study aims to determine the effect hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) on the stability of emulsion as a lotion material. The oil-in-water emulsion was formed by emulsification process using Ultra Turrax homogenizer (8000 and 32000 rpm) with addition of tween 80 and span 80 as emulsifiers. Completed randomized design and analysis of variance were used to determine the significant parameters on the stability of emulsion: homogeneity, creaming index, viscosity, density and morphology. Emulsion with the highest stability is sample 8 which is formed at 14.5 HLB value and 32000 rpm homogenizer speed during 5 min. It has complied with SNI-16-4399-1996.
Utilization of Papain Enzymes on the Production of Virgin Coconut Oil
Authors: Sabbila Syifa Ranggita , Broto R.T.D. Wisnu
Published: January 2023

VCO is an oil that has many benefits for the human body. In the health sector, VCO can function to increase the human body's resistance and accelerate the healing of diseases and obesity. Making VCO can be done in various ways, one of which is by enzymatic method with the help of papain enzymes. The purpose of this study was to determine the most influential variable on the making of virgin coconut oil. The method used is by fermentation using papain enzyme catalysts and the temperature and time of fermentation according to the specified variable and analysis of water content and free fatty acids using factorial design 2x3. The results obtained from the study of the most influential effect on water content and free fatty acids are time variable and enzyme concentration, while the most influential interaction variables are fermentation time and temperature. The optimum water content obtained is 0.18% and free fatty acids are 0.28%. The optimum combination of independent variables that can produce optimum water content and free fatty acids is papain enzyme concentration of 3gr, temperature 33oC, and fermentation time of 24 hours.
Migracja aury lub jak badać oryginał poprzez jego faksymile
Authors: Latour Bruno , Lowe Adam , Lipiński Filip
Published: January 2023

The text offers enlightening reflections on issues concerning reproductions of works of art, the status of an original and a copy, the problem of conservation, and the role of digital photography. Latour and Lowe raise the contentious issue of how good and bad reproductions can affect the original, participate in what they call “the migration of the aura”. This is primarily a case study of a production, presentation, reception and the meaning of a facsimile of a Veronese work, Nozze di Cana at its original location, San Giorgio in Venice. The second part of the text (the appendix) is a meticulous, technical description of the stages of production of the picture by Lowe.
Co zostało z tamtych lat, czyli życie szkoły w dokumentach zapisane. Piotr Gołdyn, Źródła do dziejów szkolnictwa w XX wieku. Sprawozdania szkolne – protokoły rad pedagogicznych – kroniki szkolne, Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Po
Authors: Białokur Marek
Published: January 2023

Recenzja: Co zostało z tamtych lat, czyli życie szkoły w dokumentach zapisane. Piotr Gołdyn, Źródła do dziejów szkolnictwa w XX wieku.Sprawozdania szkolne – protokoły rad pedagogicznych – kroniki szkolne, Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, Poznań 2019, ss. 180
Alētheia in Gorgias of Leontini. An Excerpt from the History of Truth
Authors: Leeten Lars
Published: January 2023

It is often assumed that the concept of alētheia, or ‘truth’, in Gorgias of Leontini belongs to the art of rhetoric. Along these lines, it is usually understood as an aesthetic concept or even a mere ‘adornment’ of speech. In this paper, it is argued, by contrast, that Gorgianic alētheia is a definable criterion of speech figuring in the practice of moral educa­tion. While the ‘truth’ of a logos indeed has to be assessed on aesthetic grounds, the underlying concept of alētheia is predominantly ethical. For Gorgias, speech is ‘true’ when it promotes virtue (aretē) by being expressive of virtue. The principle stated in the opening passage of the Encomium of Helen, that a speaker has ‘to praise what is praiseworthy and to blame what is blameworthy’, explains precisely this understand­ing of alētheia.
Platońska eudajmonia. Autor Politei o życiu szczęśliwym
Authors: Danek Zbigniew
Published: January 2023

The article deals with several issues related to the concept of happiness that emerge from Plato’s triptych: the Gorgias, the Republic and the Laws. The focus is on (1) the question of the alleged overcoming of the eudaimonistic imperative, i.e., natural human pursuit of happiness, in the didactic message of the Republic; (2) the question of to what extent the path of cognition ending in the contemplation of the perfect being is at the same time a strive for the supreme happiness; (3) the dilemma of choosing between a reductive and a cumulative model of complete satisfaction in human life; and finally (4) the problem of affiliative condi­tions of full life satisfaction.
Counterfactual Decomposition of Health Care Expenditures: From Cost-Based Payment to a Global Budget System
Authors: Liu Ya-Ming
Published: January 2023

This study divides health care expenditures into observable effects and structural shifts to explore the impacts of population ageing and high technology on the growth in outpatient service, inpatient service, and prescription drug expenditures in a health care system that has experienced a shift in payment schemes from a cost-based to a global budget system. By using the quantile decomposition method to examine data from Taiwan, the study shows that, in the short run, all expenditures exhibit an increasing trend in the higher percentiles. In the long run, an observable effect dominates the growth of health care expenditures. Specifically, population ageing leads to the growth of prescription drug expenditures in the higher percentiles. The adoption of high technology drives the growth of the top outpatient and inpatient service expenditures. These results suggest that while the government health care agency aims to control health care expenditures, improving the management of high-cost patients is likely to be one important avenue to improving the effectiveness of the cost control policy.
Correlation between lamina directions and the mechanical characteristics of laminated bamboo composite for ship structure
Authors: Tuswan Tuswan , Manik Parlindungan , Samuel Samuel , Suprihanto Agus , Sulardjaka Sulardjaka , Nugroho Sri , Pakpahan Boris Ferdinando
Published: January 2023

With the increased emphasis on the use of recyclable bio-based materials and further understanding of the mechanical properties of laminated bamboo, the development of a new generation of low-cost bamboo-based composites for ship structure has generated a significant interest. Laminated bamboo composites comprising Apus bamboo (Gigantochloa apus) and Waru fiber at different layer orientations were investigated to obtain the mechanical characteristics. The influence of different laminate directions was studied through several methods of mechanical testing, including impact tests using ASTM D256, bending tests using ASTM D7264, and tensile tests using ASTM D3039. Results showed that material strength properties could be improved by using on-axis direction (0°). The bamboo composites with unidirectional (0°) laminate direction exhibited superior mechanical properties to bidirectional laminate directions (45°/−45° and 0°/90°). The addition of Waru fiber improved the mechanical properties of the currently developed material; that is, bending strength increased by about 3.17–14.18% and tensile strength was in the range of 4.88–20.28%. Only those composites with 0° and 0°/90° layer orientations fulfilled the Indonesian Bureau Classification strength threshold.
The role of the Na+/Ca2+-exchanger (NCX) in cancer-associated fibroblasts
Authors: Loeck Thorsten , Schwab Albrecht
Published: January 2023

Cancer is characterized by uncontrolled growth, invasion, and metastasis. In addition to solid cancer cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play important roles in cancer pathophysiology. They arise from “healthy” cells but get manipulated by solid cancer cells to supply them and develop a tumor microenvironment (TME) that protects the cancer cells from the immune defense. A wide variety of cell types can differentiate into CAFs, including fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and epithelial cells. Precise Ca2+ regulation is essential for each cell including CAFs. The electrogenic Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) is one of the ubiquitously expressed regulatory Ca2+ transport proteins that rapidly responds to changes of the intracellular ion concentrations. Its transport function is also influenced by the membrane potential and thereby indirectly by the activity of ion channels. NCX transports Ca2+ out of the cell (forward mode) or allows its influx (reverse mode), always in exchange for 3 Na+ ions that are moved into the opposite direction. In this review, we discuss the functional roles NCX has in CAFs and how these depend on the properties of the TME. NCX activity modifies migration and leads to a reduced proliferation and apoptosis. The effect of the NCX in fibrosis is still largely unknown.
Screening and validation of the iris manifestation among patients with hemiplegia – an observational study
Authors: Mohamed Fathima Jebin , Vijayakumar Venugopal , Manavalan Narayanaswamy , Maheshkumar Kuppusamy
Published: January 2023

Objectives

Understanding and validating the science behind traditional diagnostic methods is a niche area to be explored. Iris diagnosis is one such valuable diagnostic tool used in Naturopathy. In the current study, we have assessed and documented the iris changes observed among patients with hemiplegia with respect to the iridology chart.

Methods

We recruited 35 patients with hemiplegia which includes both genders. Iris image was captured by Angel Kiss New 5.0MP Iridology Camera with Pro Iris Analysis Software. Lesion characters, such as open lesion, closed lesion, spot, furrow, radii solaris, intestinal crypts etc., in the iris were noted along with its various characteristics in an excel sheet in numerical order for analysis.

Results

Majority of the included patients were male (n=30) and the mean age of the patients was 46 years. The most common iris lesions noted were radii solaris and intestinal crypt in the cerebrum and cerebellum regions. Other notable lesions include open lesion, closed lesion, brown spot, hole and nerve ring. ROC analysis for selected iris lesions showed that intestinal crypt (AUC=0.82, p=0.01) and radii solaris (AUC=0.62, p=0.04) to be potential markers for hemiplegia.

Conclusions

Two common lesions observed in patients with hemiplegia are radii solaris and intestinal crypt, corresponding to the cerebrum and cerebellum regions of the iris. Future studies with larger sample size would help warrant our current findings, and also the possible application of iris diagnosis as an early diagnostic marker for hemiplegia.
Investigation of cycloaliphatic amine-cured bisphenol-A epoxy resin under quenching treatment and the effect on its carbon fiber composite lamination strength
Authors: Sukanto Heru , Raharjo Wijang Wisnu , Ariawan Dody , Triyono Joko
Published: January 2023

Thermosetting epoxy resin polymer with cycloaliphatic amines curing agent has been widely used for a composite matrix with carbon fiber reinforcement. The utilization was increased due to the superior performance of this epoxy resin compared to other polymers. However, a changing operational environment has potentially reduced composite performance, which most likely begins with matrix degradation. This research applies thermal treatment by the quenching process sequence to the epoxy resin matrix and its reinforced carbon fiber composite (CFRP). The composite is made by epoxy resin diglycidyl ether bisphenol-A, curing with cycloaliphatic amine as matrix and strengthening carbon fiber mat/woven. Three times quenching treatment was performed by heating the specimen around the glass transition temperature and then dipped immediately in fresh water. After quenching treatment, the epoxy resin shows a reduction in tensile strength and elongation. Under infrared observation, epoxy resin does not significantly show changes in functional groups. Investigation under X-ray refraction also indicates no difference in a crystalline structure; this epoxy resin stays in an amorphous form before and after quenching. In contrast to the matrix, the quenching treatment of the CFRP composite above the epoxy resin s glass transition temperature revealed an increase in the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS). The matrix ductility reduction after quenching should be carefully considered for application in the form of epoxy resin sheets or CFRP composite construction materials.
Bekämpfung von Cybercrime
Authors: May Andreas
Published: January 2023

Der Beitrag zeigt an zwei Ermittlungskomplexen der Zentralstelle zur Bekämpfung der Internet- und Computerkriminalität der Generalstaatsanwaltschaft Frankfurt/Main beispielhaft auf, welchen Herausforderungen sich Ermittler im Deliktsfeld Cybercrime stellen müssen. Der Takedown des EMOTET-Botnetzes soll hierbei nicht nur verdeutlichen, welche technische und rechtliche Expertise hierzu erforderlich ist, sondern auch, dass nur durch ein komplexes Zusammenspiel von Ermittlern aus unterschiedlichsten Bereichen mit Vertretern von Unternehmen und IT-Researchern solche Verfahren erfolgreich zu Ende geführt werden können. Am Beispiel des Kryptohandy-Verfahrens »EncroChat« soll veranschaulicht werden, wie Strafverfolgungsbehörden – häufig unter enormem Zeitdruck – auf neue Phänomene reagieren müssen, welche Schwierigkeiten die beweissichere Beschaffung und Verarbeitung von Massendaten insbesondere aus dem Ausland bereitet und vor welchen Herausforderungen Ermittler bei der Bekämpfung Organisierter Kriminalität stehen.
A Systematic Analysis of Higher Educational Content Over Social Media for Engagement Optimization
Authors: Saikia Prakrit , Barman Himadri
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this article is to analyze higher educational institutions’ contents in terms of post variables and engagement volume based on categorical classification of theme to understand which factors affect the overall engagement. The sample included 29,814 Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter posts from the top 10 largest and global higher education institutions by community size as of January 1, 2021. The platform’s publically available dashboard metrics were used to analyze the engagement. A negative binomial regression model was used to estimate the impact of selected variables on engagement. Instagram has the highest potential for engagement growth and also dominates the other platforms for engagement per post. Twitter has been observed as the most preferred platform by volume of activity and also the least efficient of all. Facebook has the highest volume of engagement and second-highest efficiency. There is a huge gap between the publisher’s activity priority and engagement pattern across the selected platforms. The findings highlight the importance of developing a systematic procedure for analyzing content engagement potential and designing post strategies for each platform. This study contributes to the literature by designing a framework to analyze post efficiency as per content category for any given platform based on public level data. This adds up to the ability of the competitors with social media to analyze their position in terms of engagement and helps in estimation. These enhancements resulted in a framework with more explanatory power while projecting post efficiency.
Fronto-parietal single-trial brain connectivity benefits successful memory recognition
Authors: Jun Soyeon , Joo Yihyun , Sim Youjin , Pyo Chuyun , Ham Keunsoo
Published: January 2023

Successful recognition has been known to produce distinct patterns of neural activity. Many studies have used spectral power or event-related potentials of single recognition-specific regions as classification features. However, this does not accurately reflect the mechanisms behind recognition, in that recognition requires multiple brain regions to work together. Hence, classification accuracy of subsequent memory performance could be improved by using functional connectivity within memory-related brain networks instead of using local brain activity as classifiers. In this study, we examined electroencephalography (EEG) signals while performing a word recognition memory task. Recorded EEG signals were collected using a 32-channel cap. Connectivity measures related to the left hemispheric fronto-parietal connectivity (P3 and F3) were found to contribute to the accurate recognition of previously studied memory items. Classification of subsequent memory outcome using connectivity features revealed that the classifier with support vector machine achieved the highest classification accuracy of 86.79 ± 5.93% (mean ± standard deviation) by using theta (3–8 Hz) connectivity during successful recognition trials. The results strongly suggest that highly accurate classification of subsequent memory outcome can be achieved by using single-trial functional connectivity.
Extraction of silica from fly-ash and fabrication of silica-clay composite for dye removal and kinetic studies
Authors: Ali Zahid , Nazir Rabia , Saleem Sumaira , Nazir Arif , Alfryyan Nada , Alwadai Norah , Iqbal Munawar
Published: January 2023

A facile and green approach to extract silica from the coal fly-ash waste is extremely critical for environmental sustainability and economically suitable. In this study, we have used acid-alkali coupled approach to improvised the proficiency of the extraction process. The sodium hydroxide (NaOH) soaking results the formation of the sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) solution then pure silica was obtained by heating at high temperature; this coupled route-way results better yield of silica (SiO2) which is ∼ 40 g. The efficiency of pure silica is not enough to remove toxic effluents from the aqueous media. A highly versatile approach of composite formation was adopted to fabricate silica-clay composite using kaolinite-clay and extracted silica. Both materials, extracted silica and its silica-clay composite were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) method, X-ray diffraction technique (XRD) and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR). The silica-clay composite showed plate-tubular like morphology with enormous binding sites available for the sorption pollutants like organic dyes. It has shown excellent sorption of methylene blue (MB) efficiency of 131.5 mg/g, while silica furnished the sorption of 70.5 mg/g. Results revealed that the synthesized material could probably have better potential for dye removal from industrial effluents.
Pulvinar Response Profiles and Connectivity Patterns to Object Domains
Authors: Wen Haojie , Song Yingchao , Liang Meng , Zhang Peng , Wang Xiaoying , Bi Yanchao
Published: January 2023

Distributed cortical regions show differential responses to visual objects belonging to different domains varying by animacy (e.g., animals vs tools), yet it remains unclear whether this is an organization principle also applying to the subcortical structures. Combining multiple fMRI activation experiments (two main experiments and six validation datasets; 12 females and 9 males in the main Experiment 1; 10 females and 10 males in the main Experiment 2), resting-state functional connectivity, and task-based dynamic causal modeling analysis in human subjects, we found that visual processing of images of animals and tools elicited different patterns of response in the pulvinar, with robust left lateralization for tools, and distinct, bilateral (with rightward tendency) clusters for animals. Such domain-preferring activity distribution in the pulvinar was associated with the magnitude with which the voxels were intrinsically connected with the corresponding domain-preferring regions in the cortex. The pulvinar-to-right-amygdala path showed a one-way shortcut supporting the perception of animals, and the modulation connection from pulvinar to parietal showed an advantage to the perception of tools. These results incorporate the subcortical regions into the object processing network and highlight that domain organization appears to be an overarching principle across various processing stages in the brain.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTViewing objects belonging to different domains elicited different cortical regions, but whether the domain organization applied to the subcortical structures (e.g., pulvinar) was unknown. Multiple fMRI activation experiments revealed that object pictures belonging to different domains elicited differential patterns of response in the pulvinar, with robust left lateralization for tool pictures, and distinct, bilateral (with rightward tendency) clusters for animals. Combining the resting-state functional connectivity and dynamic causal modeling analysis on task-based fMRI data, we found domain-preferring activity distribution in the pulvinar aligned with that in cortical regions. These results highlight the need for coherent visual theories that explain the mechanisms underlying the domain organization across various processing stages.
Coordination Conundrum in the United Nations Development System: Solutions from Self-Managed Organizations
Authors: Dupont Cédric , Skjold Astrid
Published: January 2023

Many of the problems that international organizations are tasked with solving are interdependent and require concerted efforts. This interdependence is epitomized in the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals. Yet acting in a concerted manner poses significant organizational obstacles. In this paper, we focus on one of the most prominent of those obstacles, coordination within the UN development system—the collection of UN entities working on development issues. We highlight the complexity of coordination within the UN development system and the changes introduced by the latest reform. We argue that those changes are unlikely to improve the situation significantly and turn to theoretical and empirical sources of inspiration for adjusting those changes. We draw on coordination solutions implemented in nonhierarchical organizational settings, in particular self-managed organizations and humanitarian clusters, to recommend a reorientation of the role of the Resident Coordinator system.
The establishment, upgrading, and administering of areas of equal land-rating values
Authors: Košir Janez
Published: January 2023

The beginnings of the agricultural and woodland valuation in Slovenia date back to the time of the Austro-Hungarian state when the cadastral classification of land was established. After 1953, the conditions of land management and taxation in Slovenia changed. Expert groups and individuals prepared proposals of land valuation based on site productivity and the economics of the land management. With the publishing of the rules for soil assessment in 1984, the first professional conditions for a new land evaluation were established.
Optimization of Operating Condition for the Production of Edible Film from Cuttlefish’s Bone Gelatin as Instant Noodle Seasoning Packaging
Authors: Dewi Mutiara Kurnia , Amalia Rizka
Published: January 2023

Edible film is a thin layer commonly used to coat food, which is biodegradable and can be consumed. The functions of edible film such as an inhibitor of mass transfer, oxygen, aroma and other dissolved substances. Cuttlefish bones contain protein which can be processed into gelatin and applied as edible film. This study aims to determine the quality and optimal operating conditions of edible films. The research method that used in this research is descriptive quantitative method. The experimental design in this study used a factorial design with independent variables including: gelatin concentration (6 and 8%), glycerol concentration (10% and 20%) and pectin concentration (0.5 and 10%). In this study, the ranged of water vapor transmission rate (wvtr) from eight sample are 9.716 - 11.725 g/m2.day, the best result of water vapor transmission rate analysis shown at operating conditions of 8% gelatin concentration, 20% glycerol concentration and 1% chitosan concentration which was 9.716 g/m2.day. In this research the higher gelatin concentration causes an increase in the value of water vapor transmission rate, while the higher the concentration of glycerol causes an increase in the value of wvtr, thickness, elongation but decreases the value of tensile strength an solubility, the higher chitosan concentration causes an decreases in the value of wvtr, tensile strength, elongation, solubility but increase the value of thickness  The best results from the thickness, solubility, tensile strength, elongation tests were 0.22 mm; respectively; 1 minute 17 seconds; 6.30 MPa; 166.5%. The morphological analysis using SEM analysis shows that the surface of the molecular structure of the edible film looks smooth, uneven and slightly porous.
Comparison of Alum and Poly Aluminium Chloride at Various Doses in Coagulation Process on Color Removal of Palm Oil Mill Effluent
Authors: Syaichurrozi Iqbal , Jayanudin Jayanudin , Sari Listiyani Nurwindya , Apriantika Anellysha Putri
Published: January 2023

The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of the type and dose of coagulants on the color removal of POME through the coagulation process. The coagulants used in this study were alum and poly aluminium chloride (PAC). The dose of coagulants was varied to 2, 4, 6, and 8 g/L. The results of this study showed that the optimum dose for coagulant of alum was 6 g/L and the optimum dose for coagulant of PAC was 8 g/L, in which these doses resulted in color removal efficiencies of 80.65±10.30% and 94.12±1.00%, respectively. The PAC coagulant was more effective than the alum coagulant. The kinetic models used to predict the color removal efficiencies were the first- and second-order kinetic models. Based on the kinetic analysis, the MAPE of the first and second-order kinetic models was 9.17-28.28% and 5.48-21.62%, respectively. It means that the second-order kinetic model can predict with higher accuracy than the first-order kinetic model. By the second order kinetic model, the reaction kinetic constant of the coagulation process at alum coagulant of 6/L and PAC coagulant of 0.021 and 0.057 /min, respectively.
Water Scrubber and Zeolite Catalyst for Clean Syngas Production on Biomass Gasification of Bagasse in a Downdraft System
Authors: Maryudi Maryudi , Aktawan Agus , Amelia Shinta
Published: January 2023

Biomass gasification is one solution that can overcome Indonesia's energy crisis. Indonesia is an agricultural country that has a lot of sources of biomass. This work was focused on clean syngas production with purifying process through a water scrubber and zeolite catalyst as a filter. The syngas was produced from bagasse gasification as solid waste from a sugar factory. The weight of bagasse feedstock was studied on 1000 g, 1500 g, 2000 g, 2500 g, and 3000 g. The influence of burning time and syngas composition were also studied on syngas production. The experiment result showed that the burning time of syngas is related to the amount of bagasse; the higher the bagasse, the longer the burning time. The syngas composition from the gasification process was investigated, and it was found that CO, CH4, and H2 were percentages of 9.294%, 1.348%, and 2.773%, respectively. The water scrubber and zeolite catalyst can affect the cleanness of the syngas.
The Effect of Beeswax and Glycerol Addition on the Performance of Bioplastic Film Made of Konjac Glucomannan
Authors: Rusdi Suharno , Nurrahman Imam , Rizki Wildan Nur , Chafidz Achmad
Published: January 2023

In this study, bioplastics made of Konjac glucomannan have been successfully prepared via film casting method. The effects of addition of beeswax content (i.e. of 0%, 0.5%, and 1%,), as well as glycerol content (i.e. 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%) on the properties of the bioplastics have been investigated. The bioplastics produced have been characterized for their tensile strength, percent elongation, swelling degree, and biodegradability. The results of this study, showed that most of the bioplastic samples have weight loss of about 95% after the drying process as well as the finished film. The addition of beeswax and glycerol concentrations also increased tensile strength and percent elongation of the bioplastics. The highest value of tensile strength occurred at bioplastic film with a concentration of 1.5% beeswax and 1% glycerol (i.e. Sample C3) with a value of approximately 3.5 MPa. Whereas, the highest percent elongation value occurred at bioplastic film with a concentration of 1.5% beeswax and 1% glycerol (i.e. Sample C3) with a value of approximately 23.29%. These tensile and percent elongation values were higher or comparable to other bioplastic samples made from starch of different raw materials reported by literatures. In the other hand, the addition of beeswax and glycerol decreased the degree of swelling. The degree of swelling for all the bioplastic film samples were in the range of 316.77 – 481%.
Historia, cultura y liderazgo: el caso de España
Authors: G. Ibañez Alberto
Published: January 2023

Este artículo analiza la relación entre Historia, cultura colectiva de una nación y liderazgo, tomando como base el caso de España, comparándolo con la estrategia seguida por otras naciones. Relaciona cultura, relaciones internacionales, marketing público, imagen corporativa, publicidad (engañosa), motivación (de los ciudadanos), técnicas de venta y promoción (de un país) y aprovechamiento del talento (pasado, presente y futuro). En suma, analiza cómo se fabrica o destruye el liderazgo de un país, y por ende el de sus nacionales y empresas, pues tanto aquéllos y éstas se benefician o perjudican de la imagen y del relato histórico que representan ya que ningún liderazgo nacional o internacional opera en un vacío cultural.
Aproximación crítica a la manipulación informativa: el ejemplo de las redes sociales
Authors: Fernández Rodriguez José Julio
Published: January 2023

La manipulación informativa es un fenómeno que, aunque no resulta novedoso en la actualidad, es en el siglo XX cuando ha adquirido una naturaleza mucho más intensa. Por ello, resulta imprescindible un análisis de la materia que se halle correctamente delimitado, y en el que se profundice en los problemas que plantea la desinformación, así como su incidencia en el ámbito de los derechos fundamentales y de conquistas históricas como la libertad de expresión. Finalmente, resulta crucial ahondar en las posibles respuestas, amparándose en ejemplos que nos demuestran que nos hallamos ante una situación que todavía es abierta y ante la que la sociedad aún se encuentra en proceso de adaptación, lo que dificulta encontrar un enquilibro final.
La manipulación informativa: una vieja amenaza que requiere de una solución multilateral, equilibrada e innovadora
Authors: Varela Hernández Anxo
Published: January 2023

La sociedad actual cuenta con los condicionantes ideales para que la manipulación informativa, en sus diferentes formas, se haya convertido en un problema de seguridad, sino en el más importante. Prueba de ello son las referencias que se hace a términos como desinformación, manipulación o posverdad en los documentos estratégicos y de seguridad más preeminentes tanto a nivel estatal como internacional y la utilización de este tipo de técnicas como cimiento de las denominadas guerras de cuarta generación o guerras híbridas.

Con todo, pese a los aparentes esfuerzos de los poderes públicos por atajar lo que se constituye como una verdadera lacra para el Estado de derecho, los resultados no han sido fructíferos, por lo que las soluciones pasan, a nuestro juicio, por horadar, aún más, en el trabajo conjunto, tanto de agentes nacionales e internacionales, como públicos y privados, sin olvidarnos de hacer parte de este proceso a la ciudadanía en general, fundamentalmente, con su educación y formación. Asimismo, defendemos la canalización de las soluciones a través del multilateralismo, pues los Estados deben trabajar de manera conjunta y amplia, colaborando a través de las organizaciones internacionales (como la OTAN o la UE), cuya labor (de la que se realiza un análisis crítico) será conditio sine qua non en la utópica erradicación de esta vieja amenaza.

Finalmente, ahondamos en la difusa línea que separa la lucha contra la manipulación informativa de la censura, porque la clave está en encontrar el punto medio entre la seguridad y la libertad de la forma más garantista y transparente posible, de modo que no se vulneren conquistas históricas como la libertad de información y de expresión.
Development of an Intelligent Coagulant Dosing System for the Water Purification Process Based on an Artificial Neural Network
Authors:   National University of Water Management and Nature Management, Rivne, Safonyk A.P. , Matviichuk M.B. ,   National University of Water Management and Nature Management, Rivne
Published: January 2023

The article reveals the essence and features of an artificial neural network, which is used to regulate water purification processes. Features, principles and main stages of water purification are determined. The stages of learning artificial neural networks are disclosed. The approach to the use of artificial neural networks during dosing of the mixture for water purification is substantiated. The process of dosing the mixture for water purification and the related indicators, which are important for the implementation of the water purification process, are analyzed. A number of factors that directly affect the coagulation process and, as a result, the structure of the neural network include turbidity and flow speed. It is shown that determining the dose of coagulant is necessary to minimize time, implement a continuous process, stabilize variations in the operator’s observations, and improve the quality of water treatment. A coagulant dose adjustment mode is proposed, as well as a water purification process control scheme based on the developed artificial neural network with unsupervised learning, which is used to optimize the coagulant dosage in the water purification process.
Detection of Ehrlichia spp. in ticks collected from stray dogs in Central and Southeastern Iran
Authors: Khovand H. , Nourollahi Fard S. R. , Khalili M. , Jajarmi M. , Hormozzaie H. S.
Published: January 2023

Ehrlichia is an etiologic agent of ehrlichiosis in humans and some animals. Rhipicephalus sanguineus is the main vector of the Ehrlichia canis and dogs, red foxes and yellow jackals are reservoirs of the bacterium. This tick has a worldwide distribution and is regarded as one of the commonest species of ticks in Iran. This research aimed to detect Ehrlichia spp. in R. sanguineus isolated from stray dogs in Central and Southeast Iran (Isfahan and Zabol), by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and to evaluate the prevalence of the microorganism in these two areas. Tick samples were collected from stray dogs in Isfahan and Zabol between April and June of 2018. The DNA extraction was performed with commercial kits. PCR was done to determine the 336 bp fragment related to Ehrlichia spp. Overall, 15.21% of pools in both areas were positive for Ehrlichia, 21.42% and 10% of pools were from Isfahan and Zabol respectively. The results confirmed the presence of Ehrlichia spp. in R. sanguineus in stray dogs revealing that dogs and their ticks may have a significant role in the epidemiology of the disease.
First report of nephrocutaneous fistula in a cat
Authors: Abu-Seida A. M. , Elsharkawy S. H. , Wafy M. N. , Hassan E. A. , Torad F. A.
Published: January 2023

Nephrocutaneous fistula (NCF) is a very serious rare renal disorder that had not been recorded in cats. This case report describes - for the first time - the features and treatment of a nephrocutaneous fistula in a 3-year-old female intact Persian cat. The cat was referred with a history of lethargy, anorexia, vomiting and recurrent abscess discharging purulent material at the right flank region. Moreover, the cat had a history of cystitis, urethritis and urethral obstruction since 12 months. Physical, laboratory, radiographic and ultrasonographic examinations were performed. The cat was treated with simple nephrectomy and excision of the fistulous tract. The animal showed dehydration, fever, painful abdominal palpation, right nephromegaly, anaemia, neutrophilic leukocytosis and moderate azotaemia. Abdominal radiographs revealed a large radiodense mass at the mid abdomen displacing the intestine caudally. Ultrasonography revealed a renal abscess with marked enlargement of the right kidney, hyperechoic purulent content and loss of parenchymal details of the right kidney. Complete recovery of the cat without any complications was seen after surgical treatment. In conclusion, nephrocutaneous fistula should be listed as one of renal diseases in cats. Nephrectomy as well as excision of the fistulous tract appear to be successful in the treatment of this disorder in cats.
Integration of Religion and Culture in Muslim Minority Communities through Islamic Education
Authors: Dasopang Muhammad Darwis , HJ Adam HJ Sammali bin , Nasution Ismail Fahmi Arrauf
Published: January 2023

The clash between Islam and culture often occurs in efforts to disseminate Islamic education to the society especially in areas with Muslim minority communities. This study aims to explore the integration of culture and Islam in Muslim minority areas in the context of implementing Islamic education. The research took place at two Madrasah Aliyah schools and one Madrasah Tsanawiyah located in Tarutung City. This study applied qualitative and phenomenological approach. The data were obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation techniques. Triangulation techniques were used to analyze the data. The informants involved in this study were community leaders, educational leaders and religious leaders. The results of the study show that Islamic religion and culture can be integrated in socializing Islamic education to people in Muslim minority areas in Indonesia. Many aspects of Batak culture are maintained because they are in accordance with Islamic religious teaching. Some aspect of Batak culture that are contrary to Islamic religious teachings are adapted to be compatible with Islamic religious teachings. In this study, the integration of Islamic religion and BatakÂ  cultureÂ  went fairly smoothly and is accepted by the community to deliver in Islamic education in the region.
The Relevance of Positive Education Concept for Pesantren in Indonesia
Authors: Mawardi Moh Maqbul , Ruhiyah Fida
Published: January 2023

Studies on positive education that integrates traditional education with happiness and well-being is increasing rapidly. Unlike previous studies that were conducted in context of the Western world, the study aims to examine the relevance of special positive education to the education system in Indonesia particularly at pesantren. The research uses a qualitative approach with a case study design examining the concept of positive education offered by Seligman and its relevance to the education system at pesantren. The results show that the positive education program was designed at pesantren to teach well-being and achievement. Its implementation consists of several stages: teaching, embedding, and living positive education. The education system at pesantren is carried out in a curriculum namely the academic curriculum and the hidden curriculum. The hidden curriculum becomes a medium for transformation of santri character, values, morals, resilience, and the meaning of life based on religious values. There is a relevance relationship between the education system offered in positive education and the education system applied at pesantren. Pesantren in fact have implemented the principles offered by positive education although they have not taught specifically in one material about well-being, happiness and resilience as programmed in the implementation of positive education.
Culturally Responsive Chemistry Teaching (CRCT) of College Students as A Novice Teacher: Does It Matter?
Authors: Winarti Atiek , Almubarak Almubarak , Saadi Parham , Ijirana Ijirana , Aminah Siti , Ratman Ratman
Published: January 2023

Culture is an essential part of human life; cultural involvement in learning can train students to find the meaning of life, including the contribution of chemistry in the cultural context of society. Teachers reported that they struggle to meet students' needs relevant to differences in culture and ability. The study aimed to investigate college students' understanding of chemistry by involving their culture with various methods, including transformative teaching and problem-solving. The research method used descriptive with a qualitative approach. The data collection techniques were projects, interviews, observation, and questionnaires. The findings revealed that the learning process involving cultural aspects could show the contribution of chemical elements in society, especially the formation of scientific cognition. Culturally responsive chemistry teaching is an innovative learning approach to training college students' understanding (novice teachers). The research concludes that a good chemistry teacher can understand the needs of students, especially knowing their cultural background. To effectively teach from diverse backgrounds, schools need teachers who understand the impact of student's home and community cultures on their educational experience. This research can also develop an instructional design, train novice chemistry teachers’ teaching skills, and develop curriculum.
The Mnemonic Correction Becomes Meaningful Through Focus Group Discussion in Chemistry Learning
Authors: Winarni Sri , Syahrial Syahrial
Published: January 2023

One of the concerns in the learning process is the meaning of writing mnemonics to help students memorize chemistry concepts. The research aimed to correct mnemonics in learning presentation by prospective chemistry teachers' students to be meaningful. The research used constructive design and qualitative methods. The researcher was the main instrument for the microteaching course. Data were collected through observation, focus group discussions (FGD) based on cognitive conflict, and documentation analysis. The results showed that it was found that two prospective chemistry teachers’ students from different groups presented the same mnemonic with less meaningful. The mnemonic was used to memorize the halogens (group 17 of the periodic table). The less meaningful mnemonic generally comes from social media. Based on the group discussion, the students of prospective chemistry teachers obtained 18 mnemonics with meaningful values.Prospective teachers must be able to improve mnemonics in learning to make it more meaningful, one way being to integrate ethnoscience aspects. It was suggested that there should promote creativity in developing learning that encourages positive attitudes to strengthen character education.