bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A fast and general algebraic approach to Railway Interlocking System across all train stations
Authors: Hernando Antonio , Galán-García José Luis , Aguilera-Venegas Gabriel
Published: February 2024

Railway interlocking systems are crucial safety components in rail transportation, designed to prevent train collisions by regulating switch positions and signal indications. These systems delineate potential train movements within a railway station by connecting sections into routes, which are further divided into blocks. To ensure safety, the system prohibits the simultaneous allocation of the same block or intersecting routes to multiple trains. In this study, we characterize the 'interlocking problem' as a safety verification task for a single real-time station configuration, rather than a 'command and control' function. This is a matter of verification, not solution, typically managed by an interlocking system that receives movement authority requests. Over the years, we have developed various algebraic models to address this issue, suggesting the potential use of computer algebra systems in implementing interlocking systems. However, some of these models exhibit limitations. In this paper, we propose a novel algebraic model for decision-making in railway interlocking systems that overcomes the limitations of previous approaches, making it suitable for large railway stations. Our primary objective is to offer a mathematical solution to interlocking problems in linear time, which our approach accomplishes.
Nonlinear dynamic in a remanufacturing duopoly game: spectral entropy analysis and chaos control
Authors: Amira Rami , Abdelouahab Mohammed Salah , Touafek Nouressadat , Mesmouli Mouataz Billah , Zaidi Hasan Nihal , Hassan Taher S.
Published: February 2024

In this study, our focus is on stabilizing a competitive game involving an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) and a third-party remanufacturer (TPR). To assess the presence of chaos within the dynamics of this game, we employ various analytical tools, including spectral entropy (SE), bifurcation diagrams, and Lyapunov exponents. The unpredictable nature of chaotic dynamics significantly influences the market and has negative implications for the strategic decisions of both firms. Our approach to counteracting this chaotic behaviour and stabilizing the system revolves around the implementation of the Ott, Grebogi, and Yorke (OGY) method. Crucially, our analysis highlights that the marginal costs ($ c_n $ and $ c_r $) incurred by the OEM and TPR emerge as pivotal factors in achieving stabilization within the game. To provide a tangible demonstration of the effectiveness of our proposed stabilization strategy in the context of this competitive environment, we conducted numerical simulations.
Stability analysis through the Bielecki metric to nonlinear fractional integral equations of $ n $-product operators
Authors: Paul Supriya Kumar , Mishra Lakshmi Narayan
Published: February 2024

This work is devoted to the analysis of Hyers, Ulam, and Rassias types of stabilities for nonlinear fractional integral equations with $ n $-product operators. In some special cases, our considered integral equation is related to an integral equation which arises in the study of the spread of an infectious disease that does not induce permanent immunity. $ n $-product operators are described here in the sense of Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals of order $ \sigma_i \in (0, 1] $ for $ i\in \{1, 2, \dots, n\} $. Sufficient conditions are provided to ensure Hyers-Ulam, $ \lambda $-semi-Hyers-Ulam, and Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stabilities in the space of continuous real-valued functions defined on the interval $ [0, a] $, where $ 0 < a < \infty $. Those conditions are established by applying the concept of fixed-point arguments within the framework of the Bielecki metric and its generalizations. Two examples are discussed to illustrate the established results.
Optimizing the max-min function with a constraint on a two-sided linear system
Authors: Myšková Helena , Plavka Ján
Published: February 2024

The behavior of discrete-event systems, in which the individual components move from event to event rather than varying continuously through time, is often described by systems of linear equations in max-min algebra, in which classical addition and multiplication are replaced by $ \oplus $ and $ {\otimes} $, representing maximum and minimum, respectively. Max-min equations have found a broad area of applications in causal models, which emphasize relationships between input and output variables. Many practical situations can be described using max-min systems of linear equations. We shall deal with a two-sided max-min system of linear equations with unknown column vector $ x $ of the form $ A{\otimes} x{\oplus} c = B{\otimes} x{\oplus} d $, where $ A $, $ B $ are given square matrices, $ c $, $ d $ are column vectors and operations $ \oplus $ and $ {\otimes} $ are extended to matrices and vectors in the same way as in the classical algebra. We give an equivalent condition for its solvability. For a given max-min objective function $ f $, we consider optimization problem of type $ f^\top{\otimes} x\rightarrow \max\text{ or } \min $ constraint to $ A{\otimes} x{\oplus} c = B{\otimes} x{\oplus} d $. We solve the equation in the form $ f(x) = v $ on the set of solutions of the equation $ A{\otimes} x{\oplus} c = B{\otimes} x{\oplus} d $ and extend the problem to the case of an interval function $ {{\boldsymbol{f}}} $ and an interval value $ {{\boldsymbol{v}}} $. We define several types of the reachability of the interval value $ {{\boldsymbol{v}}} $ by the interval function $ {{\boldsymbol{f}}} $ and provide equivalent conditions for them.
Öffentlichkeit und Presse in der Habsburgermonarchie
Authors: Melischek Gabriele , Seethaler Josef
Published: February 2024

Der Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über die strukturelle Entwicklung der Presse in der Habsburgermonarchie. Der Zeitrahmen wird von jener gesellschaftlichen Funktion der Medien bestimmt, die in der Aufklärung zukunftsweisend formuliert wurde und die in der Habsburgermonarchie – nach einem ersten, halbherzig zugelassenen Versuch während der Regierungszeit Joseph II. und einem kurzen Zwischenspiel in der blutig niedergeschlagenen Revolution des Jahres 1848 – erst seit Beginn der 1860er Jahre (wenn auch keineswegs frei von Behinderungen) realisiert werden konnte: die Herstellung einer allgemeinen, prinzipiell niemanden ausgrenzenden Öffentlichkeit für politische Themen und Prozesse. Dies setzt die Transparenz staatlichen Handelns und die Freiheit der Presse voraus. Öffentlichkeit wird somit zu einem intermediären Raum zwischen staatlicher Macht und den Bürgern, der zugleich Kommunikationsraum, Kontrollmechanismus und Ort politischer Legitimation ist. Diese Zusammenhänge philosophisch und staatsrechtlich begründet zu haben, ist eines der Verdienste der Aufklärung. In den Teilen der Habsburgermonarchie vollzog sich die Etablierung einer allgemeinen politischen Öffentlichkeit in unterschiedlichen Geschwindigkeiten und unterschiedlichem Ausmaß.
„Der Fürsten Reichtum sind die Herzen der Unterthanen.“ Ideen der Aufklärung und das Bild der Herrscher in der Laibacher Zeitung im letzten Jahrzehnt des 18. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Osvald Anja Urekar
Published: February 2024

Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht Repräsentationen von aufklärerischen Ideen und deren Vertretern sowie Bilder von Herrschern in dem deutschsprachigen Periodikum Laibacher Zeitung aus der Krain im letzten Jahrzehnt des 18. Jahrhunderts. Es werden Parallelen zwischen den Reformen Josephs II. und dem wirtschaftlichen Erfolg des Buchdruckers und Herausgebers der Laibacher Zeitung Ignaz Kleinmayr gezogen und die Repräsentation der damaligen absolutistischen Herrscher näher dargestellt. Im Mittelpunkt der Medialisierung stehen die Tugenden der Herrscher und die Sicherung der Naturrechte (auf Leben, Freiheit und Eigentum) der Bevölkerung, die im Motiv des Glückes immer wieder vorkommt. Die Herrscher werden als Verantwortliche für das Wohlergehen der Gesellschaft dargestellt, gleichzeitig bleibt ihre Darstellung aber einer idealisierten Feudalidee verhaftet.
Frauen im aufklärerischen Diskurs in der Laibacher Zeitung an der Wende vom 18. zum 19. Jahrhundert
Authors: Birk Matjaž
Published: February 2024

Ausgehend von den an der Wende vom 18. zum 19. Jahrhundert in der Laibacher Zeitung veröffentlichten Artikeln werden im Beitrag mediale Konstruktionen der Geschlechter, mit dem Fokus auf weiblichen Figuren, beleuchtet. Im Mittelpunkt stehen strukturelle und potentielle funktionale Aspekte von Konstruktionen der Weiblichkeit, die zeigen, dass der Aufklärungsdiskus in dem auf die Frau bezogenen Mediatisierungssegment vielfältig in die Praxis umgesetzt wurde. Dabei wird weiblichen Mitgliedern aus dem Hause Habsburg eine besondere Rolle zugemessen. Sie fungieren als Vorbildfiguren im Bereich der Bildung, indem sie sich als Gönnerinnen hervortun und mit gutem Beispiel im Umgang mit dem Aberglauben vorangehen. Auf die Bildung als auf Frauen bezogenes Betätigungsfeld folgen praktische (religiöse) Toleranz und Menschenfreundlichkeit bzw. humanitäre Tätigkeit, der das Prädikat geschlechtsspezifischer Haltung zuteil wird. Im humanitären Bereich treten in den Vordergrund Bürgerinnen, womit Frauen letztendlich als Katalysatorinnen gesellschaftlichen Fortschritts zum Vorschein kommen. Dabei wird neben dem monarchischen und heimatbezogenen zweckmäßig auch internationaler sozio-kultureller Kontext bemüht und außer ein sachlichen Texten auch literarische Texte in Versen eingesetzt. Unter dem Einfluss peripherer Raumspezifika paart sich der Aufklärungsdiskurs in Bereichen der Bildung und Menschenfreundlichkeit mit dem christlichen, was in der frauenbezogenen Repräsentation des Bildungs-, und im damit zusammenhängenden Kunstbereich, stellenweise zur Abkehr von progressiver Weiblichkeitsrepräsentation führt. Um identitätsstiftende Vorstellung von herrschenden Geschlechterpositionen und geschlechtlicher Machtverteilung nicht aus dem Blickwinkel zu verlieren, wird die Repräsentation der Frau unvermittelt in patriarchalischen Diskurs eingebettet, der vor misogynen Stereotypen keinen Halt macht, zugleich aber auch auf kritischen Fingerzeig auf Selbstherrlichkeit einzelner Männer-Gemeinschaften nicht zu verzichten bereit ist.
Tourist Commitment to the Environment Under the Preview of TPB-Based Analysis
Authors: Baig Sajjad Ahmad , Ghaffar Abdul , Naeem Muhammad Khizar Hayat
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this chapter is to explore the underlying behaviors and motives that insist on a commitment to sustainable practices among tourists. Also, this study aims to suggest suitable methods and techniques for encouraging green practices among visitors. This study will provide stakeholders in the tourist sector with insight into useful information for educated decisions. The primary objective of this chapter is, with the help of theory of planned behavior (TPB) enhance understanding of the factors influencing tourists' participation in green tourism and provide insights on how to encourage sustainable tourism practices among tourists.
Institutional Environment Influencing Determinant Factors on Institutions
Authors: Vargas-Hernandez José G. , Rodriguez-Maillard Carlos , Castañeda-Burciaga Selene , Vargas-González Omar C.
Published: February 2024

This study has the purpose of analyzing some of the factors of institutional environment influencing institutions. It begins with the assumption that rethinking conceptualizations of institutions that are taken for granted are determined by institutional environments and context in operationalization of institutions. The method employed is the meta cognition sustained in meta-analysis and description based on conceptual, theoretical, and empirical review of the literature. The analysis concludes that institutional and contextual factors are determinant in the operations of institutions.
Reason for and Reason Against the Eco-Tourist Behavioral Framing
Authors: Sultan Faiza , Nawaz Muhammad Asim , Zubair Ahsan
Published: February 2024

This book chapter deals with ecotourism under the umbrella of the new emerging theoretical framework of behavioral reasoning theory. This new emerging theory can be useful for exploring the untouched dimensions of ecotourism in developing countries specifically Pakistan. In this chapter, the importance and application of BRT theory and its implication in eco-tourism will be specifically discussed to understand the future perspectives regarding eco-tourism. The current prevailing situation of eco-tourism in developing countries and scope of theoretical lens for understanding ecotourism will provide grounds for decisionmakers as well as policy maker.
Destination Revisit Intention, Continuity, Survival, Success
Authors: Rehman Saqib , Arshad Nabeela , Nasir Adeel
Published: February 2024

Ecotourism is a subfield and dimension of tourism that was highlighted in the mid of nineties. The current chapter presents a comprehensive model that provides a road map to the local community, tourism experts, destination managers, and tourism companies to achieve continuous growth at their locations. The theoretical model covers the elements of customer satisfaction, and quality of delivered services, and guides how to sustain continuity in revisits. The conceptual framework is segregated into two main streams that originated from ecotourism. This first stream holds the five components that are of primary importance including awareness of visitors, perceived service performance, growth of the tourism industry, tourism infrastructure, and behavioral attention. The next stream contains another five components including environmental concerns, continuity of tourism intention, impact on the lives of the local people, tourism satisfaction, and WOM. Both streams are mandatory elements for the continuity, revisits, retention, and sustainability of particular ecotourist destinations.
An Experimental Study of Mechanical Behaviour of Aluminium Based Stir
Casted Metal Matrix Composite
Authors: Chaudhary Amit S. , Waghulde Kishor B. , Javanjal Vijaykumar Kisan , Subhash Gadhave
Published: February 2024

The requirement for lightweight, high-performance materials with higher wear
resistance, which is critical in industries such as aerospace, automotive, and
consumer-related sectors, has fueled the development of particle reinforced
metal matrix composites (PRMCs). These materials are an appealing alternative
for a broad variety of scientific and technological applications due to their
remarkable mechanical qualities and low cost. The primary goal of developing
metal matrix composite materials is to combine the favorable properties of
metals and ceramics. This study included several experimental experiments to
explore the behavior of stir-cast composites made of aluminum grade 6063 with
varying amounts of SiC, Al2O3, and TiO2 reinforcements. The specimens obtained
through the use of stir casting methodologies are subjected to a wide range of
mechanical tests, including tensile tests, impact analyses, hardness
measurements, and tribological investigations such as sliding wear tests and
erosive wear tests. The existence of phases inside the reinforced material was
determined using X-ray diffraction. The testing findings showed that the
integration of silicon carbide particles resulted in improved mechanical
properties owing to the particles' uniform distribution. Many variables impact
the properties of metal matrix composites (MMCs), including the interface
characteristics, the volume fraction of reinforcement, and the material
selection. The Al MMC's tribological metrics show a decrease in both the
coefficient of friction and the wear rate. The experimental findings show that
semi-ductile behavior exists in composites with a high erosion rate. The
aforementioned composite materials may find use in the aerospace and automotive
industries, where increased properties like as toughness, wear rate, density,
and hardness are desired. Nonetheless, these findings may serve as a foundation
for the creation of MMC components by both academics and industry designers. The
ductility test results show that the incorporation of reinforcement particles
(SiC-Al2O3-TiO2) in the matrix material of Al 6063-(SiC-Al2O3-TiO2) composites
reduces ductility significantly.
Outcomes and efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging-compatible sacral nerve stimulator for management of fecal incontinence: A multi-institutional study
Authors: Katuwal Binit , Thorsen Amy , Kochar Kunal , Bhullar Ryba , King Ray , Drelichman Ernesto Raul , Mittal Vijay K , Bhullar Jasneet Singh
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Fecal incontinence (FI) is an involuntary passage of fecal matter which can have a significant impact on a patient’s quality of life. Many modalities of treatment exist for FI. Sacral nerve stimulation is a well-established treatment for FI. Given the increased need of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for diagnostics, the InterStim which was previously used in sacral nerve stimulation was limited by MRI incompatibility. Medtronic MRI-compatible InterStim was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration in August 2020 and has been widely used.

AIM

To evaluate the efficacy, outcomes and complications of the MRI-compatible InterStim.

METHODS

Data of patients who underwent MRI-compatible Medtronic InterStim placement at UPMC Williamsport, University of Minnesota, Advocate Lutheran General Hospital, and University of Wisconsin-Madison was pooled and analyzed. Patient demographics, clinical features, surgical techniques, complications, and outcomes were analyzed. Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology(STROBE) cross-sectional reporting guidelines were used.

RESULTS

Seventy-three patients had the InterStim implanted. The mean age was 63.29 ± 12.2 years. Fifty-seven (78.1%) patients were females and forty-two (57.5%) patients had diabetes. In addition to incontinence, overlapping symptoms included diarrhea (23.3%), fecal urgency (58.9%), and urinary incontinence (28.8%). Fifteen (20.5%) patients underwent Peripheral Nerve Evaluation before proceeding to definite implant placement. Thirty-two (43.8%) patients underwent rechargeable InterStim placement. Three (4.1%) patients needed removal of the implant. Migration of the external lead connection was observed in 7 (9.6%) patients after the stage I procedure. The explanation for one patient was due to infection. Seven (9.6%) patients had other complications like nerve pain, hematoma, infection, lead fracture, and bleeding. The mean follow-up was 6.62 ± 3.5 mo. Sixty-eight (93.2%) patients reported significant improvement of symptoms on follow-up evaluation.

CONCLUSION

This study shows promising results with significant symptom improvement, good efficacy and good patient outcomes with low complication rates while using MRI compatible InterStim for FI. Further long-term follow-up and future studies with a larger patient population is recommended.
Considering Organizational Commitment and the Spirituality Effect on Evangelism Readiness in Church Congregations in Surabaya
Authors: Lontoh F O L , Chia Philip Suciadi , Stella Yunita , Siahaan Yosef Y , Triono
Published: February 2024

Organizational commitment and spirituality in this study were tested in relation to the concept of evangelism readiness for congregations of churches in the city of Surabaya, Indonesia. The purpose of this research was to find out whether there is an influence of organizational commitment and spirituality on evangelism readiness among members of the congregations of churches in general today. This research investigates the population of congregations in churches in the city of Surabaya, Indonesia. The approach used was a quantitative methodology using multiple regression analysis to measure the effect partially as well as simultaneously between organizational commitment and spirituality on evangelism readiness. Respondents involved were millennials who were members of church congregations in Surabaya as many as 103 people selected by purposive random sampling. The instruments used are the Commitment Organizational Scale, the Spiritualism Scale and the Evangelism Readiness Scale. The results show that there is a strong relationship between spirituality and evangelism, but there is no strong relationship between organizational commitment and spirituality on evangelism readiness. Simultaneously both show a positive relationship. This research proves that there is a relationship between organizational commitment and spirituality on evangelism readiness. The research contribution is as a basic material for the reconstruction of teaching about doctrine and the demands of preaching the Gospel as well as evangelism training in churches because evangelism is the main task of every person who has been saved.
Resurgence of African Spiritualities in the New Prophetic Churches
Authors: Resane Dr Kelebogile Thomas
Published: February 2024

The current developments in New Prophetic Churches (NPCs) raise the necessity for theological research. There are some practices within these formations, similar to African spiritualities. Spirituality is defined and some reflections on African spiritualities highlighted. This article identifies the NPCs and African spiritualities and how the two converge towards spiritual formation for Christians in these churches. Literature review and social media are used to research and conclude the research question, which is the resurgence of African spiritualities in faith formation of this faith community. Justification for this resurgence is based on both theological and etymological analyses of features, especially occultism and deliverance. Research finding is that many believers abandon Christian faith or opt to be opponents of the Gospel when promised prophecies are not fulfilled. Hence a conclusion is arrived at as an appeal for the return to Christian apologetics and vivacious socio-cultural contextual studies in the
church. Robust dialogue with NPC leaders is long overdue, as at the end the local pastors are the ones engaged with damage control after the prophet has passed. Minimum standards should be suggested to minimize emotional damage in individuals and communities of faith, and discipleship into Christian faith needs to be heightened.
Evil Re-Examined: Barthian Insights Post-Covid Pandemic
Authors: Saragih, PhD Denni Boy
Published: February 2024

This paper delves into Karl Barth's unique interpretation of evil within the context of the 2019-2022 global COVID-19 pandemic, guided by Kenneth Surin's concept of 'practical theodicy.' Employing a critical analysis of Barth's theological works, with a particular focus on 'das Nichtige' (nothingness), it uncovers a fresh understanding of Barth's theological intentions concerning the problem of evil. Barth's theology highlights the inherent malevolence of evil and its ultimate defeat through Christ, providing a theological framework for addressing post-pandemic suffering challenges. This reinterpretation holds specific relevance for Indonesia's and global Christian community, offering a practical theological foundation for navigating the pandemic's aftermath. The research's implications extend to theology and ethics, offering a new perspective on how Christians can comprehend and respond to suffering in a post-pandemic world. Informed by 'practical theodicy,' Barth's theological insights prompt a reconsideration of our approach to evil and its implications for human existence. This paper reevaluates Karl Barth's theology of evil through a contemporary lens, presenting a novel
interpretation that is particularly valuable to scholars and theologians seeking fresh viewpoints on the enduring issue of suffering. Moreover, it offers practical guidance for Indonesia's Christian community in addressing the challenges posed by the global pandemic.
A duplication of marriages? An ethnographic account and assessment of the necessity for both traditional and Christian marriages for African Christians
Authors: Dube Elijah Elijah Ngoweni
Published: February 2024

This article is based on ethnographic research for a doctoral study that was conducted in 2016 among the Ndau people of Chimanimani, Zimbabwe. The article described and assessed the practice of some African Christian churches, especially missionary founded churches, to conduct ‘white church weddings’ after getting married customarily. The study employs a postcolonial approach as a theoretical lens. It argues for a hybridized form of Christian marriage that takes into cognizance the validity of African customary marriages in and for themselves, while at the same time appreciating the importance ascribed to ‘church weddings’ in especially missionary-founded churches. The study uses the case study of the Ndau people, but the phenomenon is widely practised among African Christians across the continent. In the article, doctoral thesis findings were related with Erlank’s (2014) work on marriages in South Africa. The article offered description, critique (postcolonial, gender, class), and suggested
interventions. Critical phenomenology was utilized to assess the findings and to expose the power relations that exist in the hierarchical treatment of African customary marriages as of an inferior status compared to church weddings. The economic aspect of the duplication of marriages was also foregrounded. The article underscores the importance of ethnographic research on religion as a human phenomenon in Southern Africa and beyond, as well as a critical assessment of the phenomenon. It provided several possible interventions for African missionary-founded churches.
God-talk rhetoric and the abuse of Women in Neo-Pentecostalism: developing the Pentecostal theology of hearing from God
Authors: Kgatle Mookgo Solomon
Published: February 2024

One of the tenets of neo-Pentecostalism is the claim of "hearing from God", particularly by neo-Pentecostal pastors and prophets in Africa. It is for this reason that even during the sermon presentation in Neo-Pentecostalism there is an element of “thus says the Lord”. This notion is theorised here as a God-talk rhetoric to apply to neo-Pentecostalism. The intersectionality of God-talk rhetoric and abuse of women within neo-Pentecostalism has been explored in previous studies. The contribution here is the development of the Pentecostal theology of hearing from God in addressing these abuses. The background to this study will be given by exploring the notion of "hearing from God" in the context of the broader Pentecostal movement. The article will also introduce God-talk rhetoric as a theoretical framework for this study. The cases where pastors used this framework to abuse women will also be highlighted using the case study method. The research question is how do Pentecostals understand the notion of hearing from God given the abuses? What is the Pentecostal theology of hearing from God that can help address women's abuse and other abuses? The article attempts to answer these questions to develop a Pentecostal theology of hearing from God.
Reformed Pulpit and God’s mission: ‘Solae Doctrine’ to missio Dei
Authors: Thinane Dr. Jonas Sello
Published: February 2024

The five Solas of the Reformation, Sola Scriptura, Sola Fide, Sola Gratia, Solus Christus and Soli Deo Gloria, harmoniously or correspondingly affirm the central position of God in the work of salvation (missio Dei). The conceptualization of the missio Dei, which grew out of the 1952 International Missionary Council (IMC) reasoned on the basis of Solae doctrines, equally points to the central role of God in the work of salvation. Although the centrality of God in the work of salvation is consistently reflected through the Solae doctrine, and thus through understanding of the missio Dei, such consistency is seldom associated with the placement of the Reformed pulpit. To this end, this article draws on the available literature to show the doctrinal consistency reflected in the Solae teachings and the conceptualization of the missio Dei in relation to the placement and outlook of the Reformed pulpit. Consequently, this paper concludes that the Reformed tradition, encompassing the Solae doctrines, the conceptualization of the missio Dei, and its attitude toward the pulpit, harmoniously reflects the central role of God in the work of salvation. Within the Reformed knowledge space, this article thus makes a contribution as it discusses the placement of the Reformed pulpit in accordance with the Solae doctrines and the missio Dei, expressing the centrality of God in the work of salvation.
Productos de higiene básicos considerados lujo: un estudio en población base de la pirámide económica en Colombia
Authors: Neme-Chaves Samir Ricardo , Sierra-Puentes Myriam Carmenza
Published: February 2024

El objetivo de este estudio fue explorar la influencia de los efectos personales (hedónico, perfeccionismo), interpersonales (snob, bandwagon, Veblen) y el materialismo en la intención de compra de productos básicos de higiene considerados lujo por parte de personas de la base de la pirámide económica. Se realizó una investigación cuantitativa de corte transversal a través de cuestionario estructurado. Los datos fueron analizados mediante modelamiento de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM), obteniendo índices de ajuste óptimos.  Participaron 248 personas entre 18 y 72 años de la base de la pirámide, residentes en Bogotá (Colombia). Los hallazgos sugieren que el consumo de productos de higiene considerados lujo está motivado por la sensación de bienestar, las experiencias placenteras y emociones positivas, así como por la satisfacción que estos generan; y no tiene influencia la percepción de calidad, necesidad de demostración, de diferenciación o de pertenencia a un grupo. Los hallazgos de este estudio son novedosos al aproximar la comprensión de que el consumo de productos de lujo en población base de la pirámide no está anclado sólo al estudio de productos suntuosos no esenciales; además, que su funcionalidad no se limita al consumo de demostración o aspiracional, como tradicionalmente se ha estudiado. Se discuten las implicaciones de los hallazgos para la academia y la industria.
Desigualdad de la incertidumbre económica subjetiva y perspectivas económicas individuales durante la pandemia
Authors: Santolino Miguel , Guillen Montserrat , Vidal-LLana Xenxo
Published: February 2024

Este artículo estudia qué factores influyen en la aparición de incertidumbre económica subjetiva y cuáles son las expectativas económicas de las personas. Se analiza el impacto de la pandemia sobre la economía doméstica e incertidumbre subjetiva a partir de un conjunto de factores socioeconómicos no observables en los estudios macroeconómicos sobre incertidumbre. Se utilizan datos de una encuesta realizada en Octubre de 2021 tomando una muestra representativa de Cataluña (España). Los resultados sugieren que los individuos en hogares con mayor capacidad de ahorro expresan menor incertidumbre respecto a su situación económica futura y las mujeres una mayor incertidumbre que los hombres. Se hallan evidencias que existe asociación entre edad y expectativas económicas, siendo las personas de mayor edad las más pesimistas. Sin embargo, la edad no se asocia a más incertidumbre subjetiva, por lo que se concluye que no se ha producido un deterioro de la confianza entre los mayores.
The Influence of Service Quality on the Image of Auliya Integrated Islamic School
Authors: Murniasih Ni Luh Gede , Adiputra I Made Pradana , Purnamawati I Gusti Ayu
Published: February 2024

The rapid progress of technology and information has accelerated innovation in the field of education, especially in the field of finance. The popularity of electronic money-based digital payments is increasing along with the development of the Balipay application in Bali. This research aims to determine the influence of perceptions of convenience, trust, risk, environment and accounting information systems on user satisfaction of the Balipay application. This research was conducted at SMA/SMK in Tabanan Regency with a total student population of 1,234 students with a sample of 123 students. Data collection was carried out using questionnaires and interviews. Data analysis was carried out using SEM-PLS. The research results found that perceived convenience, perceived trust, perceived risk, perceived environment and accounting information systems had a positive and significant effect on user satisfaction of the Balipay application.
Socialization and Counseling About Health Traditional/Complementary Alternative Medicine for Mothers Pregnant
Authors: Alfian RM , Rosyita Hafna , Hernayanti Hernayanti , Koniasari Koniasari , Winda Amalia Anindini , Sari Handayani Dwi Ratna
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Health traditional / CAM (Complementary and Alternative Medicine) has Lots of Mothers interested in pregnant to overcome several complaints and objections to comfort during pregnancy. Besides they feel worried about consuming therapy However attention exists several side effects requires enough information Objective:  Know description effort counseling about health traditional or CAM to Mother Pregnant Method: studies literature about counseling /educational use of Health traditional or CAM for Mothers pregnant. Library data collection, or object research his research dug through diverse information bibliography. Using secondary data, via several related articles with health traditional /CAM. The analysis uses an annotation bibliography, which can be interpreted as a list of sources used in something study given a conclusion related to what is written in it Results: Review from the article as many as 5 and with the essence society uses a type of health method traditional / CAM to avoid the effect of side treatment Because the public considers treatment traditional/complementary relatively safer. There are many types of methods during pregnancy medicines and herbal plants. However, it means without risk rise, a pregnant must have competent knowledge about the utilization of therapy safe complement during pregnancy That reason CAM is used because CAM is easily obtained and cheaper costs. Conclusion: Socialization and Counseling health traditional /CAM required concerning utility type/modality Health Traditional /CAM safety or side effect necessary attention and condition Mother pregnant That Alone. Counseling involves husband, family, and energy health and midwives at the Community Health Center. Furthermore, more exploration carries on about the perception and meaning use health traditional. Next expected can increase synergy between service health conventional and health traditional/CAM.
Tumor de Frantz: relato de três casos
Authors: Barreto Carla Limeira , Tavares Cristiana de Lima , Maia France Anne Reinaldo , Marques David Arruda Tavares de Queiroz
Published: February 2024

O tumor de Frantz (tumor sólido pseudopapilar do pâncreas) é uma neoplasia rara, com cerca de 900 casos descritos na literatura mundial. É mais comum em mulheres jovens, tem etiopatogenia desconhecida, baixo potencial de malignidade e bom prognóstico. Manifesta-se clinicamente com massa abdominal de crescimento lento, com ou sem dor abdominal. O tratamento é cirúrgico com ressecção do tumor e/ou pancreatectomia. Recorrências locais e metástases podem ocorrer, podendo ser resgatadas com cirurgia e quimioterapia. Carcinomatose peritoneal é incomum (1,7% dos casos). Relato dos Casos: Três casos de pacientes do sexo feminino com tumor de Frantz são descritos.  Duas pacientes, de 17 e 50 anos, respectivamente, com lesões em corpo e cauda do pâncreas, submetidas a ressecção cirúrgica completa,  evoluíram bem e estão em seguimento clínico. O terceiro caso é de uma jovem de 17 anos, com tumoração extensa de corpo e cauda do pâncreas e implantes peritoneais. A paciente foi submetida à cirurgia citorredutora e tratamento quimioterápico, porém evoluiu com progressão da doença e faleceu por complicações decorrentes do tumor.
E-mail or messenger? – Dilemmas of electronic communication in labour law
Authors: Mélypataki Gábor
Published: February 2024

With the entry into force of the new labour law rules, responses to new life situations, such as the possibility of electronic communication, have come to the fore. Under certain conditions, the legislator treats the electronic document in the same way as paper documents. Our everyday relationships are  transforming, becoming more and more digital. As a result, employees are increasingly using digital solutions to make their legal disclaimers. These life situations raise a lot of questions. Some of the questions have not yet been answered by the legislator. In the case of legal disclaimers made in electronic form, the scope of subjects and other conditions of mailing are often not clarified either. It would be necessary for the legislator to respond to these issues, as even in the current pandemic situation, many workers are trapped in the online space, which will result in the more frequent use of digital solutions. In this study, we would like to present the current regulations and make suggestions for rethinking.
‘No pain, no gain’ – A comparative analysis of Austrian and Louisiana contract law concerning the correlation between risk-taking and irrelevance of original and continuing laesio enormis
Authors: Benke József
Published: February 2024

For all contracts, the risk component is either the initial lack or the subsequent disruption of the value balance of services. Determining the conditions under which the value of the service and the consideration at the time of the contract’s conclusion (as a matter of invalidity) or at the time of the performance (as a matter of breach of contract) can be in proper balance may be both a legislative and an enforcement issue. If the band, within or around which the  difference between the two values is not considered to be legally undesirable, is defined by the legislator, there is no discretion left to the application of thelaw. However, in the case of a generalised rule, i.e., where the legislator does not define disproportionality in terms of a specific ratio or range of values, it is at the discretion of the jurisdiction to decide on the question of proportionality. The rules of invalidity and of breach of contract as traffic safety criteria are expressly excluded by law for certain types of contracts, while in other cases, the law expressly authorises the parties to exclude these guarantee rules for their legal relationship by their commercial will, since their interests are precisely directed towards a higher degree of risk-taking. Where these rights are not based on law, the parties’ contractual intention must include the assumption of these rights. In the continental-rooted civil codes of the US-State of Louisiana, the problem is based on a body of law being fairly similar to that of Austria: Even the wording of the codes’ provisions is somehow identical. At the same time, it is remarkable that, compared to this legal environment, judicial thinking in litigation before the courts of the highest instances greatly differs.
The invalidity in the principles of European contract law – Common cores and alternate ways
Authors: Fézer Tamás
Published: February 2024

The Principles of European Contract Law (PECL) has never been adopted as a binding legal authority in the European Union. While it remained a conclusion of a massive research project, the PECL certainly has an impact on the amendments to the legal framework for contracts throughout the Member States, and it serves as a unique lex mercatoria for European businesses. Furthermore, the PECL provides a starting point for any research that aims to identify common cores in the European contract law heritage. Chapter IV of PECL is dedicated to the validity of contracts, thus, this chapter serves as the base for the document’s approach to the invalidity of contractual obligations. The invalidity of contracts remains a much-debated legal phenomenon in almost all jurisdictions and international business law. The presentation embraces the instances of invalidity (mistake, threat, fraud, inaccuracy in communication, excessive benefit, unfair advantage, unfair terms not individually negotiated), matters not covered by the PECL (illegality, immorality, or lack of capacity), the concept and the effect of avoidance, and the consequences of avoidance in light of the most recent amendments to the contract law framework in the Member States. The central question is whether the PECL’s system on the invalidity of a contract may serve as a bridge between the different approaches of continental civil law legal systems and the common law legal systems. The presentation provides some examples of hot topics from the case law of selected municipal courts in Europe to identify the challenges courts face when deciding on the validity of contracts these days. Using these examples and combining them with some of the most recent legislative developments on invalidity across Europe, the presentation is searching for an answer to whether the  common cores the PECL identified could help the spontaneous approximation of the laws of the Member States on contractual invalidity, or the Member States chose alternate ways to react to the practical challenges of the modern business environment.
Illegal and immoral contracts in the context of the Romanian Civil Code
Authors: Veress Emőd
Published: February 2024

The article deals with the current regulation of contractual invalidity in the Romanian Civil Code in force from the 1st of October 2011. Based on millennial traditions of Roman law, the regulation is influenced by all the modern solutions or developments of civil law codification, resulting in a complex system of rules, sometimes shaped by the legal practice. The article focuses on the overall design of invalidity and its specific forms: nullity, voidability, and unwritten clauses. An emphasis stands on the specificities of the Romanian rules and also on some current developments of legal cases.
Error of contractual will and system of grounds for invalidity
Authors: Völcsey Balázs
Published: February 2024

Articles 6:90–6:93 of Act V of 2013 on the Civil Code (hereinafter, referred to as CC) settle invalidity due to the mistake of will on the part of the parties. In my study, I would like to analyse these grounds of invalidity, highlighting the meaning of ‘error of will’. As part of this, I also make relevant delimitations, including the legal institution of pseudo-representation. My aim is not only to present certain grounds for invalidity, i.e. error, deception, secrecy, sham (simulated) contract, but to summarise the most important conclusions that can be drawn upon the case law. In doing so, the issue of proof and the applicable means of proof must be examined separately, as in the case of these grounds of invalidity the principle of will as an aspect of interpretation has fundamental significance.In the second half of my paper, during the analysis of the sham (simulated) contract, a brief overview of the foreclosure contract and the demarcation of the two legal issues are inevitable, taking into account the provisions of Art. 6:120 CC and the Civil Department Opinion no. PK 1/2011. (VI. 15.) of the Curia of Hungary on certain application issues of the margin agreement. In my work, in connection with the individual grounds for invalidity, I also deal separately with the special rules for gratuitous contracts (Art. 6:93 CC).
Voluntary errors as causes of challenge in the employment relationship
Authors: Nádas György , Prugberger Tamás
Published: February 2024

The study covers two main topics. The first part of the study deals with the avoidance of the statement on commitment relating to relating to employment. Thus, the Hungarian Labour Code, in contrast to the provisions of the Hungarian Civil Code, assures a quite short period for the avoidance of the statement, in case of coercion, threat, mistake or mislead. In the opinion of the author, this special, shorter period is not justified. In the second part of the study, the author proposes to handle employment-related legal acts similarly to consumer contracts, since labour contracts are mostly concluded by using contract form. Moreover, the author suggests extending the application of collective action (actio popularis) to these labour contracts.
Decisions of the Court of Justice of the European Union in actio pauliana disputes
Authors: Otgongerel Jantsan
Published: February 2024

An attempt was made to compare the decision of the EU Court in the case/dispute with Actio Pauliana, methods of property protection to ensure the asset of obligations of the European Union member states to the loan contract, and its legal environment.
Legal theory and the judicial practice of the invalidity of licence agreements
Authors: Sápi Edit
Published: February 2024

The purpose of the paper is to provide an overview of the invalidity rules and case law of licence agreements in the field of copyright law. The rules governing copyright relations are not exclusively governed by the rules of copyright law but are complemented by the rules of civil law as well. The specific grounds for invalidity issues of licence agreements show that these contracts are specific among private law contracts and that the rules applicable to them cannot be brought solely under the Civil Code. This special situation and legal environment are justified by the typically weaker position of the author in the contracting process, consequently, we can find some author-sensitive rules here. The copyright law rules on the invalidity of licence agreements can be found in a mosaic-way, rather than in a concentrated way, as in the Civil Code. The reason for this is also to be found in the regulatory environment, since the Copyright Act only lays down the ‘copyright-focused’ invalidity rules, which can supplement the grounds for invalidity in the Civil Code in cases where the subject matter of the legal relationship is the use of a copyright work. The paper primarily focuses on some ‘general civil law’ issues of invalidity, such as the requirement of written form, the gross disparity in value, or the problems of standard contractual terms and conditions in line with licence agreements. In this sense, I intend to focus on not just the legal theory but show the relevant judicial practice as well.
Colonoscopy in the diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis – review
Authors: Woyames Pinto Aldair Junio , Figueiredo Maria Marta , Ferreira Gontijo de Amorim Izabela , Pozzebon Bruno Galli , Ribeiro Vítor Márcio , Tafuri Wagner Luiz
Published: February 2024

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a serious systemic disease caused by Leishmania infantum that affects humans and animals. The dog is considered the main domestic reservoir, being important in the maintenance of the disease cycle in the environment. The gastrointestinal tract is often affected; amastigotes of the parasite are easily observed in the histological layers from the stomach to the rectum, and the cecum and colon are the most affected portions. Regardless of the different clinical manifestations, amastigotes are detectable in large numbers inside macrophages along the digestive tube, but the intestinal wall remains intact. Colonoscopy in dogs is hereby presented as an auxiliary tool in the diagnostic confirmation of VL, by allowing macroscopic examination of the affected region and removal of tissue samples for immunohistochemical labeling of amastigotes even in clinically asymptomatic animals.