bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acrylamide-encapsulated glucose oxidase inhibits breast cancer cell viability
Authors: Rrustemi Trëndelina , Gönül Geyik Öykü , Özkaya Ali Burak , Öztürk Taylan Kurtuluş , Yüce Zeynep , Kılınç Ali
Published: August 2020

Objectives

Cancer cells modulate metabolic pathways to ensure continuity of energy, macromolecules and redox- homeostasis. Although these vulnerabilities are often targeted individually, targeting all with an enzyme may prove a novel approach. However, therapeutic enzymes are prone to proteolytic degradation and neutralizing antibodies leading to a reduced half-life and effectiveness. We hypothesized that glucose oxidase (GOX) enzyme that catalyzes oxidation of glucose and production of hydrogen peroxide, may hit all these targets by depleting glucose; crippling anabolic pathways and producing reactive oxygen species (ROS); unbalancing redox homeostasis.

Methods

We encapsulated GOX in an acrylamide layer and then performed activity assays in denaturizing settings to determine protection provided by encapsulation. Afterwards, we tested the effects of encapsulated (enGOX) and free (fGOX) enzyme on MCF-7 breast cancer cells.

Results

GOX preserved 70% of its activity following encapsulation. When fGOX and enGOX treated with guanidinium chloride, fGOX lost approximately 72% of its activity, while enGOX only lost 30%. Both forms demonstrated remarkable resilience against degradation by proteinase K and inhibited viability of MCF-7 cells in an activity-dependent manner.

Conclusions

Encapsulation provided protection to GOX against denaturation without reducing its activity, which would prolong half-life of the enzyme when administered intravenously.
Elucidating structure–property relationships in imidazolium-based halide ionic liquids: crystal structures and thermal behavior
Authors: Richter Kai , Dorn Katharina V. , Smetana Volodymyr , Mudring Anja-Verena
Published: August 2020

A set of imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs), 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-methylimidazolium chloride (1), 1,3-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-imidazolium chloride (2), and 1-butyl-2,3,4,5-tetramethylimidazolium bromide (3), has been synthesized and their structural and thermal behavior studied. Organic halides are well-known IL formers with imidazolium halides being the most prominent ones. Functionalization of the imidazolium cation by enhancing its hydrogen bonding capacity, i.e. through introduction of –OH groups or by diminishing it, i.e. through substitution of the ring hydrogen atoms by methyl groups is expected to change the inter-ionic interactions. Consequently, the solid-state structures of 1–3 have been characterized with means of single X-ray diffraction to shed light on preferential inter-ionic interactions for obtaining valuable information on anti-crystal engineering, i.e. designing ion combinations that favor a low melting point and exhibit a low tendency for crystallization. The study reveals that endowing IL forming ions with an enhanced hydrogen bonding capacity leads to a depression in melting points and kinetically hinders crystallization. This study provides hints towards new design concepts for IL design, similar to the common strategy of employing conformationally flexible ions.
Structural studies on fluid Hg and fluid Se at high temperatures and high pressures by means of X-ray diffraction and small angle X-ray scattering
Authors: Inui Masanori , Kajihara Yukio , Tamura Kozaburo
Published: August 2020

X-ray diffraction (XRD) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements for fluid Hg and fluid Se up to the supercritical region have been carried out using synchrotron radiation at SPring-8. We obtained the structure factor,

S

(
Q
)

$S\left(Q\right)$

, including a small angle region, and the pair distribution function,

g

(
r
)

$g\left(r\right)$

, for both fluids from the liquid to the dense vapor region. Change of the local structure and medium-range correlations at the metal-insulator transition in fluid Hg were revealed. On the other, the average coordination number of two was preserved at the semiconductor-metal transition in fluid Se. From a SAXS experiment of fluid Se in 2012, SAXS spectra near the semiconductor-metal transition region show the Ornstein–Zernike profile and the SAXS intensity is reduced with increasing pressure. These results indicate difficulties of separating fluctuations intrinsic to the semiconductor-metal transition from those arising from the liquid-vapor critical point in fluid Se, although fluctuations intrinsic to the electronic transitions are largely expected in both fluids.
Nucleation of soot: experimental assessment of the role of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) dimers
Authors: Adamson Brian A. , Skeen Scott A. , Ahmed Musahid , Hansen Nils
Published: August 2020

The irreversible dimerization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) – typically pyrene (C16H10) dimerization – is widely used in combustion chemistry models to describe the soot particle inception step. This paper concerns itself with the detection and identification of dimers of flame-synthesized PAH radicals and closed-shell molecules and an experimental assessment of the role of these PAH dimers for the nucleation of soot. To this end, flame-generated species were extracted from an inverse co-flow flame of ethylene at atmospheric pressure and immediately diluted with excess nitrogen before the mixture was analyzed using flame-sampling tandem mass spectrometry with collision-induced fragmentation. Signal at m/z = 404.157 (C32H20) and m/z = 452.157 (C36H20) were detected and identified as dimers of closed-shell C16H10 and C18H10 monomers, respectively. A complex between a C13H9 radical and a C24H12 closed-shell PAH was observed at m/z = 465.164 (C37H21). However, a rigorous analysis of the flame-sampled mass spectra as a function of the dilution ratio, defined as the ratio of the flow rates of the diluent nitrogen to the sampled gases, indicates that the observed dimers are not flame-born, but are produced in the sampling line. In agreement with theoretical considerations, this paper provides experimental evidence that pyrene dimers cannot be a key intermediate in particle inception at elevated flame temperatures.
An Electrophysiological Abstractness Effect for Metaphorical Meaning Making
Authors: Forgács Bálint
Published: August 2020

Neuroimaging studies show that metaphors activate sensorimotor areas. These findings were interpreted as metaphors contributing to conceptual thought by mapping concrete, somatosensory information onto abstract ideas. But is sensorimotor information a necessary constituent of figurative meaning? The present study employed event-related potentials (ERPs) in a divided visual field paradigm with healthy adults to explore the role of sensorimotor feature processing in the comprehension of novel metaphors via the electrophysiological concreteness effect. Participants read French, novel adjective-noun expressions that were either metaphorical (“fat sentence”) or literal (“fat hip”). While literal expressions evoked a typical concreteness effect, an enhanced frontal negativity during right hemisphere (RH) as opposed to left hemisphere (LH) presentation, metaphors showed no such sign of sensorimotor feature processing. Relative to literals, they evoked a sustained frontal negativity during LH presentation and similar amplitudes during RH presentation, but both of these effects were the greater the more abstract the metaphors were. It is the first time such an electrophysiological abstractness effect is reported, just the opposite of a concreteness effect. It is particularly noteworthy that ERPs evoked by metaphors were not contingent on figurativeness, novelty, meaningfulness, imageability, emotional valence, or arousal, only on abstractness. When compared with similarly novel literal expressions, metaphors did not evoke a typical N400 and did not activate the RH either. The findings shed new light on the neurocognitive machinery of figurative meaning construction, pervasive in everyday communication. Contrary to embodied cognition, the conceptual system might be organized around abstract representations and not sensorimotor information, even for lush, metaphorical language.
Cognitive Capacity Limits Are Remediated by Practice-Induced Plasticity between the Putamen and Pre-Supplementary Motor Area
Authors: Garner K.G. , Garrido M.I. , Dux P.E.
Published: August 2020

Humans show striking limitations in information processing when multitasking yet can modify these limits with practice. Such limitations have been linked to a frontal-parietal network, but recent models of decision-making implicate a striatal-cortical network. We adjudicated these accounts by investigating the circuitry underpinning multitasking in 100 human individuals and the plasticity caused by practice. We observed that multitasking costs, and their practice-induced remediation, are best explained by modulations in information transfer between the striatum and the cortical areas that represent stimulus-response mappings. Specifically, our results support the view that multitasking stems at least in part from taxation in information sharing between the putamen and pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA). Moreover, we propose that modulations to information transfer between these two regions leads to practice-induced improvements in multitasking.
Perception and Evaluation of Buildings: The Effects of Style and Frequency of Exposure
Authors: Ng Cheuk Fan
Published: August 2020

The perception and evaluation of environmental and architectural spaces is an important concern of environmental psychology. Various environments ranging in scope from landscapes to room interiors have been studied, but old buildings have seldom been studied. As historical buildings make way for modern buildings, preservation of historic buildings has often been a hot issue. Proponents for preservation argue for the beauty, harmony and character of these buildings and that people derive satisfaction from them. This study examined the perception and evaluation of old-style buildings (constructed in late 18th to early 19th century) and modern-style buildings on three dimensions: aesthetic evaluation, organization, and friendliness. In addition, the effect of frequency of exposure on the ratings of these buildings as stimuli was studied. Two hundred and thirty-six university students rated each of the three old-style and three modern-style buildings on a set of fifteen bipolar adjectives scales. The frequency of exposure of each building was manipulated within subject. Repeated-measures analyses of variance revealed significant differences between the ratings. The modern-style buildings were evaluated as more aesthetically appealing and perceived as less organized and more complex than the old-style buildings. The effect of frequency of exposure was significant on the aesthetic evaluation dimension only. The relationship was in the form of an inverted U-shape function. However, no interaction effect was found. The results could be explained by Berlyne’s hypothesis (1960, 1970) and Zajonc’s mere exposure hypothesis (1968). Although the study was conducted in the 1980s, the psychological effects of perception and evaluation may remain the same. Given the scarcity and paucity of research on heritage buildings in the discipline of psychology, this paper reviews current research literature in the subject area, discusses if and to what extent the results still hold true, and proposes a way forward.
Seasonal dynamics of carbonate chemistry, nutrients and CO2 uptake in a sub-Arctic fjord
Authors: Jones Elizabeth M. , Renner Angelika H. H. , Chierici Melissa , Wiedmann Ingrid , Lødemel Helene Hodal , Biuw Martin
Published: August 2020

Environmental change can have a significant impact on biogeochemical cycles at high latitudes and be particularly important in ecologically valuable fjord ecosystems. Seasonality in biogeochemical cycling in a sub-Arctic fjord of northern Norway (Kaldfjorden) was investigated from October 2016 to September 2018. Monthly changes in total inorganic carbon (CT), alkalinity (AT), major nutrients and calcium carbonate saturation (Ω) were driven by freshwater discharge, biological production and mixing with subsurface carbon-rich coastal water. Stable oxygen isotope ratios indicated that meteoric water (snow melt, river runoff, precipitation) had stratified and freshened surface waters, contributing to 81% of the monthly CT deficit in the surface layer. The timing and magnitude of freshwater inputs played an important role in Ω variability, reducing AT and CT by dilution. This dilution effect was strongly counteracted by the opposing effect of primary production that dominated surface water Ω seasonality. The spring phytoplankton bloom rapidly depleted nitrate and CT to drive highest Ω (~2.3) in surface waters. Calcification reduced AT and CT, which accounted for 21% of the monthly decrease in Ω during a coccolithophore bloom. Freshwater runoff contributed CT, AT and silicates of terrestrial origin to the fjord. Lowest surface water Ω (~1.6) resulted from organic matter remineralisation and mixing into subsurface water during winter and spring. Surface waters were undersaturated with respect to atmospheric CO2, resulting in modest uptake of –0.32 ± 0.03 mol C m–2 yr–1. Net community production estimated from carbon drawdown was 14 ± 2 g C m–2 yr–1 during the productive season. Kaldfjorden currently functions as an atmospheric CO2 sink of 3.9 ± 0.3 g C m–2 yr–1. Time-series data are vital to better understand the processes and natural variability affecting biogeochemical cycling in dynamic coastal regions and thus better predict the impact of future changes on important fjord ecosystems.
Ovarian preantral follicles are responsive to FSH as early as the primary stage of development
Authors: Candelaria Juliana I , Rabaglino Maria B , Denicol Anna C
Published: August 2020

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is required for ovarian antral folliculogenesis and steroidogenesis, and there is increasing evidence that it may play critical roles in preantral follicle development. We hypothesized that preantral follicles begin responding to FSH as early as the primary stage of development. Our objectives were to establish whether the FSH receptor (FSHR) was expressed in bovine preantral follicles and to determine the effects of FSH in these follicles and the surrounding ovarian tissue. Preantral follicles were isolated from bovine ovaries and subjected to immunolocalization of FSHR. Ovarian cortical strips were cultured with FSH or vehicle for 2 or 4 days and subjected to RNA sequencing, hematoxylin/eosin staining and immunostaining for p42/44 MAPK. Finally, cortical strips were cultured for 4 days with FSH before Western blot analysis of total and phosphorylated p42/44 MAPK and total aromatase. We found greater FSHR labeling intensity per cell in preantral follicles at the primary stage compared to other stages (P < 0.05). FSH upregulated genes involved in energy metabolism and MAPK signaling and downregulated genes related to phagosome and allograft rejection in the ovarian cortex. Preantral follicles cultured in situ with FSH had greater expression of total p42/44 MAPK (P < 0.05), but no difference was detected in whole tissue Western blot for phosphorylated p42/44 MAPK or aromatase. We conclude that the FSHR is expressed in preantral follicles as early as the primary stage of development, and that FSH upregulates cell metabolism and activates MAPK signaling pathways in preantral follicles.
Strength exercise reduces hepatic pyruvate carboxylase and gluconeogenesis in DIO mice
Authors: Pereira Rodrigo Martins , Rodrigues Kellen Cristina da Cruz , Sant’Ana Marcella Ramos , Peruca Guilherme Francisco , Morelli Ana Paula , Simabuco Fernando M , da Silva Adelino S R , Cintra Dennys Esper , Ropelle Eduardo Rochete , Pauli José Rodrigo , de Moura Leandro Pereira
Published: August 2020

Obesity is linked to a reduction in the control of hepatic glucose production, which is the primary mechanism related to fasting hyperglycemia and the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The main system involved in hepatic gluconeogenesis synthesis is controlled by pyruvate carboxylase (PC), which increases in obesity conditions. Recently, we showed that short-term strength training is an important tool against obesity-induced hyperglycemia. As aerobic exercise can reduce the hepatic PC content of obese animals, we hypothesized that strength exercise can also decrease this gluconeogenic enzyme. Therefore, this study investigated whether the metabolic benefits promoted by short-term strength training are related to changes in hepatic PC content. Swiss mice were divided into three groups: lean control (Ctl), obese sedentary (ObS), and obese short-term strength training (STST). The STST protocol was performed through one session/day for 15 days. The obese exercised animals had reduced hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. These results were related to better control of hepatic glucose production and hepatic insulin sensitivity. Our bioinformatics analysis showed that hepatic PC mRNA levels have positive correlations with glucose levels and adiposity, and negative correlations with locomotor activity and muscle mass. We also found that hepatic mRNA levels are related to lipogenic markers in the liver. Finally, we observed that the obese animals had an increased hepatic PC level; however, STST was efficient in reducing its amount. In conclusion, we provide insights into new biomolecular mechanisms by showing how STST is an efficient tool against obesity-related hyperglycemia and T2DM, even without body weight changes.
ВПЛИВ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ КОРЕКЦІЇ НЕГАТИВНИХ ПСИХІЧНИХ СТАНІВ СТУДЕНТІВ ЗАСОБАМИ ОЗДОРОВЧОГО ФІТНЕСУ НА ЇХ ФІЗИЧНИЙ СТАН
Authors: Хлопецький Василь , Курилюк Сергій
Published: August 2020

Мета дослідження. З’ясувати ефективність технології корекції негативних психічних станів студентів засобами оздоровчого фітнесу. Методи дослідження. Для визначення стану рухових здібностей та фізичної підготовленості студентів використовувалась батарея тестів К. Зухори. Рівень фізичного здоров’я визначали за експрес-оцінкою рівня фізичного (соматичного) здоров’я Г.Л. Апанасенка. Результати. У результаті експерименту значно покращився рівень СЗ студентів педагогічних спеціальностей ЕГ. Зокрема зміни були пов’язані із зниженням на 35,42 % і 18,75 % часток студентів з низьким і нижче середнім рівнями СЗ та збільшенням на 43,75 % їх частки з середнім рівнем (χ2 = 39,58; Р < 0,01). Слід відзначити також, що 10,42 % та 2,08 % студентів ЕГ мали вище середнього та високий рівні соматичного здоров’я відповідно. У КГ кількість студентів з низьким рівнем соматичного здоров’я зросла на 4,26 % за рахунок відповідного зменшення таких з середнім та вище середнього рівнями, що відповідало загальній тенденції щодо рівня здоров’я студентської молоді.У студентів ЕГ суттєво покращився інтегральний показник фізичної підготовленості. Мінімальний рівень фізичної підготовленості мали 2,08 % студентів проти 27,08 % до експерименту, задовільний – 52,08 % проти 54,17 %, добрий та дуже добрий рівні фізичної підготовленості мали 39,58 % та 4,17 % відповідно. Слід зазначити, що у 2,08 % студентів виявлено високий рівень фізичної підготовленості, чого не спостерігалося до експерименту (χ2 = 16,84; Р < 0,01). Проведені дослідження засвідчують позитивний вплив технології корекції негативних психічних станів студентів з використанням оздоровчих технологій на показники психічного та фізичного стану студентів педагогічних спеціальностей.
Toothbrush, its design and modifications : An Overview
Authors: Mehta Silky , Vyaasini C.V. Sruthi , Jindal Lucky , Sharma Vishnu , Jasuja Talika
Published: August 2020

Tooth brush has been an integral part of a daily routine across many cultures around the world from the times of antiquity to the 21st century. Over the years, several types of toothbrush has been invented. Some of the them are useful for physically and physically and mentally handicapped children The aim of this review article is to describe toothbrush design and various modifications that have been made in the several years.
Laser and its Implications in Dentistry : A Review Article
Authors: Maheshwari Shreya , Jaan Asima , Vyaasini C.V. Sruthi , Yousuf Aasiya , Arora Gautam , Chowdhury Chirantan
Published: August 2020

The term LASER is an acronym for ‘Light Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation’. Miaman was the first who introduced laser application in dentistry in 1960 and its hard and soft tissue application. There is lot of advancement in lasers in past two decades. Various hard tissue applications includes caries prevention, bleaching, restorative removal and curing, cavity preparation, dentinal hypersensitivity, growth modulation and for diagnostic purposes, whereas soft tissue application includes wound healing, removal of hyperplastic tissue to uncovering of impacted or partially erupted tooth, photodynamic therapy for malignancies, photostimulation of herpetic lesion. Although lasers proves to be slightly costlier than traditional treatment but its an effective tool to increase efficiency, specificity, ease and comfort of the dental treatment.
Obturating Techniques in Pediatric Dentistry : Literature Review
Authors: Dalsania Raj , Arora Ayush , Singla Kunal , Vyas Divya , Sareen Kriti , Chowdhury Chirantan
Published: August 2020

Primary teeth should be preserved until their normal exfoliation time so as to maintain arch length and function in order to provide proper guidance for the eruption of  permanent teeth , enhance esthetics and mastication, prevent aberrant tongue habits, aid in speech  and prevent the psychological effects associated with tooth loss. Pulpectomy consists of removing the pulp tissue associated with micro-organisms and debris from the canal and obturating with resorbable filling material. Success rate of endodontic therapy depends on many factors like  familiarity with the complexity of primary tooth canal systems, their formation and resorption pattern, obturating material as well as obturation technique used that is capable of densely filling the entire root canal system and providing a fluid tight seal from the apical segment of the canal to the cavosurface margin in order to prevent reinfection. This review article basically focuses on various obturating techniques used in deciduous teeth with their comparison, pros and cons.
STRUCTURAL CHANGES AND REGIONAL MODELS OF AGRICULTURE
Authors: Doitchinova J.
Published: August 2020

More than 10 years of Bulgarian membership in the European Union has resulted in significant changes not only in the product and organizational structures of the agrarian sector. These changes take place at different speed and form new models of agriculture by country. The purpose of the article is to analyze the regional changes in the product and organizational structures and to assess the characteristics of the emerging agricultural models in the northern and southern planning regions of Bulgaria. The thesis of the article is that, regardless of the unidirection of the changes, the agrarian identity of the regions affects their speed and their characteristics. The methdological approach is based on the assessment of the changes in product and organizational structures and their impact on the development of the regions. Subject of the research is the agrarian sector in the planning regions in our country. Conclusions were made for the consequences of changes in the importance of agriculture for the regional economy, their environmental impacts, income from farming, jobs, changes in the population, etc. The characteristics of agricultural models are described and guidelines and possibilities for their adaptation and development of the regional agricultural production potential were developed.
Integration of software solutions via an intermediary web service
Authors: Milev P.
Published: August 2020

The article examines issues, related to the integration of software solutions. In this sense, the paper presents features of information systems with multilayered architecture. The integration of the individual physical layers of the system is the most important issue for these software solutions. The main purpose of the article is to explore the possibilities for realization of such integration and to present a conceptual model for communication between the different layers of an information system through an intermediary web service. To achieve its goal, the article uses various scientific methods, including study, analysis, research, modeling and experimentation. The results of this paper support the main hypothesis of the study, namely defining the advantages of integrating information systems with the help of an intermediary software service. The conclusion highlights the possibilities for improvement of communication between different physical layers of software solutions with distributed business logic.
Design and analysis of a displacement sensor-integrated compliant microgripper based on parallel structure
Authors: Ho Nhat Linh , Dang Minh Phung , Dao Thanh-Phong
Published: August 2020

This study evaluates the displacement sensitivity of a new compliant microgripper. The microgripper is designed based on a four-bar mechanism and the concept of a compliant mechanism. The effects of the width of the right circular hinge, the thickness of microgripper, and the material properties on the dis-placement sensitivity are considered via using the finite element method. In the beginning, the stress and deformation of the compliant microgripper are evaluated. Subsequently, the displacement of the microgripper is then analyzed. The results showed that the design parameter and the displacement sensitivity have a close relationship. To increase the grasping reliability and measure the displacement or force, a micro-displacement sensor is integrated with the proposed microgripper. Finally, the modeling and analysis of the proposed sensor are conducted.
Twelve tips for OSCE-style Tele-assessment
Authors: Lewandowski Raymond , Stratton Angela , Sen Gupta Tarun , Cooper Michelle
Published: August 2020

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. The Australian College of Rural and Remote Medicine (ACRRM) has developed a flexible 'tele-assessment' approach to the delivery of its assessment modalities. Candidates can sit their examination remotely, close to their place of practice, which reduces the need for rural doctors - both candidates and examiners - to leave their communities for the purpose of assessment.A major component of the assessment process is the Structured Assessment using Multiple Patient Scenarios (StAMPS) examination, which blends the formats of an Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) and a traditional viva vocè examination. It is a high-stakes assessment, that was designed to be academically rigorous, flexible, valid, reliable, and fair.Since 2008 ACRRM has provided a videoconferencing option to candidates for their StAMPS examination allowing them to remain in or near their home location, while the examiners meet a central location. Travel restrictions due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic meant for the first time both candidates AND examiners participated in StAMPS via videoconference.ACRRM conducted an online StAMPS assessment using videoconferencing technology for 65 candidates in mid-May 2020, with all candidates, examiners and support staff remaining in or near their home communities. These Twelve Tips outline some of the experience gained in providing tele-assessment over the past twelve years.
The Peculiarities of Crises Management in Schools
Authors: Balsevičienė Birutė , Šinkariova Liuda
Published: August 2020

Critical incidents are sudden, unexpected, often life-threatening time-limited events that may overwhelm an individual’s capacity to respond adaptively. Crises are sudden, unexpected events that have an “emergency quality” and have the potential to impact on the entire school community. In schools, a crisis might be considered as any situation faced by staff or students causing them to experience unusually strong emotional reactions that may interfere with their ability to perform.

Authors review the research in school crises management in foreign countries, especially in the USA and other western countries and the situation in this field in Lithuania.

There authors describe the definitions of crises and analyze models of crises management in schools. The main object of this research is management of crises in schools and its models. The purpose of this article is to review and summarize the researches in foreign countries and in Lithuania and outline the main directions for the future researches in this field.

The main goals of this article were to disclose the conception of crises in school, to review the research in school crises management in foreign countries and Lithuania, to review practical activities in Lithuania.

The method of this research was the analysis of scientific literature in Lithuania and foreign countries.

The research results and their analysis let draw the following conclusions:

The conception of crises in school is multiple, but there are three main features: incidents are unexpected and sudden, have the potential to impact on the part or entire school community and interfere with their ability to perform.

The most common model of crises management is PPRR model (prevention, preparation, response, recovery model) in schools.

In Lithuania there is the law of crises management in schools, pedagogical psychological services crises management teams were instructed in main crises management principals, schools crises management teams are instructed in these principals, too.
Altruistic Experiences of Volunteers Who Participate In the Socio-Educational Activities for People with Mental Disorders
Authors: Gudinavičius Benas , Gudonis Vytautas
Published: August 2020

The article aims to present the results of volunteers who participate in socio-educational activities for people with mental disorders written reflections analysis based on lived experience.

The aim of the research is to reveal altruistic experiences of volunteers who participate in socio - educational activities for people having mental disorders. These experiences will lead to the identification of stimulating and suppressing factors for altruism self-education and characteristics of altruism expression. 12 volunteers who participated in socio-educational activities for people with mental disorders participated in a qualitative research.

Results of the research: positive experience of volunteers is linked to a successful socio-educational activities based on transformation of internal attitudes and values, adequate relationships with people having mental disorders. These factors are the baseline for a successful self-education of altruism. The main barriers for self-education of altruism are as follow: negative emotions and experiences of volunteers linked to a dominant feelings of helplessness and self-doubt, a lack of information of such kind of disability, negative evaluation and inadequate behavior of staff in relationship with people with mental disorders. The results of the research showed that there is a need to inform, consult and to support psychologically volunteers during volunteering and to educate a skills of self-reflection.
Bachelor Project as a Final Assessment of Study Outcomes
Authors: Lasauskienė Jolanta
Published: August 2020

Study projects are an important part of university studies. They are involved not only for estimating separate study subjects but also for estimating an overall study quality, final study outcomes. The article examines final projects of music pedagogy which are prepared at Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences: peculiarities, educational importance and possibilities to strengthen practical training of future music teachers, by developing project and research activities competencies at university. The abilities of development are being presented in the context of study quality, final study outcomes.

The aim of the research. To analyze music pedagogy projects defended in Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences and to determine the peculiarities of achieved project and research activity competencies (study outcomes).

Methods of the research. Analysis of scientific sources, document analysis, expert method, content analysis.

Results. Conclusions of the results reveal that competencies of project and research activities most often are only partially achieved by a music pedagogy students. The level of achievement of these competencies – study outcomes – is not the same: the easiest activities for bachelor’s students are to plan and organize independently the investigations of professional activities, to implement education projects; whereas, the most difficult ones are to formulate a research problem, to analyze and interpret research data, to prepare research report. The worst acquired abilities of project activities (study outcomes) are: to determine relevant problems of music education, to validate a project under the appropriate methods, to formulate a scientific report. Within research activities (study outcomes) group the graduates find most difficult tasks, such as: to choose a particular research strategy, to select or compose research instruments, to describe properly results of data analysis, research conclusions and recommendations. The research reveals essential factors, which caused the difficulties in preparing (writing) Bachelor’s projects (paper) on music pedagogy: the lack of various literacy and research skills. These competencies (study outcomes) ought to be improved both individually and during the modules of university studies, which particularly focusing on research skills and action research (projects).
Structural and functional myocardial abnormalities and arrhythmias in patients with type 1 diabetes complicated with ketoacidosis
Authors: Mukha N. V. , Govorin A. V. , Zajtsev D. N. , Filev A. P.
Published: August 2020

Aim.To study the structural and functional cardiac changes and arrhythmias in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) complicated with ketoacidosis.

Material and methods.We analyzed 24-hour Holter monitoring data in 112 patients with T1D complicated with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). To assess the left ventricular (LV) diastolic function, all patients underwent echocardiography.

Results.In patients with T1D complicated with DKA, the following cardiac arrhythmias were recorded: supraventricular arrhythmias — 60,7%, premature ventricular contractions — 26,2%, premature ventricular and supraventricular contractions — 13,1%. In 30% of patients with T1D complicated with DKA, premature ventricular contractions were classified as class 4A, in 10% — class 4B. With severe DKA, 5% of patients had short runs of unstable ventricular tachycardia. As the severity of ketosis increases, myocardial remodeling and LV diastolic dysfunction are recorded, as well as the spectral and temporal parameters of heart rate variability decrease.

Conclusion.In patients with T1D complicated with DKA, structural and functional LV abnormalities, the development of LV diastolic dysfunction and cardiac arrhythmias are more often recorded. The most pronounced changes were found in the group of patients with T1D with moderate and severe DKA.
Heart rate-lowering therapy in gout patients with stable coronary artery disease: focus on ivabradine
Authors: Kushnarenko N. N. , Medvedeva T. A. , Mishko M. Yu. , Karavaeva T. M.
Published: August 2020

Aim.To study the effect of ivabradine and bisoprolol on cardiac hemodynamics and diastolic remodeling in gout patients with coronary artery disease and hypertension and without left ventricular systolic dysfunction.

Material and methods. The open randomized parallel clinical trial of 35 men with intercritical gout at the age of 41,4±3,3 years, with class II-III stable angina, hypertension and sinus rhythm without data suggestive of heart failure was performed. All patients included in the study were randomly divided into two groups: eighteen patients took bisoprolol at a dose of 2,5 to 10 mg/day, 17 subjects received bisoprolol 2,5 mg/day with ivabradine (Coraxan, SERVIER, France) 5 mg 2 times a day. Adjustment of the therapy was carried out every 2 weeks until the target heart rate (HR) was reached at 55-60 beats/min and then remained unchanged until 12 weeks of therapy. All patients underwent echocardiography, 24-hour Holter and central aortic blood pressure monitoring, and 3-minute cycle ergometer test with a power of 25, 50, 75 and 100 watts.

Results.There was a comparable decrease in the maximum and minimum 24-hour average heart rates in patients receiving only bisoprolol and those taking bisoprolol+ivabradine. Patients taking bisoprolol+ivabradine had a decrease of central systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP). Pulse pressure in the bisoprolol group increased by 17,7% (p=0,02), and when ivabradine was added, on the contrary, it decreased by 7,0% (p=0,04). Twelve-week therapy with beta-blockers and ivabradine was accompanied by an effective decrease in the pulse wave velocity in both groups (p<0,05). All gout patients did not have a decrease of systolic function and there was an improvement in diastolic remodeling with beta-blockers and ivabradine therapy.

Conclusion. The results obtained indicate that the addition of ivabradine to bisoprolol leads to an effective decrease in heart rate, an improvement in arterial stiffness and exercise tolerance. Combination therapy with ivabradine is accompanied by an improvement in clinical outcomes using lower doses of bet-blockers, which requires further study and a double-blind controlled study.
Trends in youth e-cigarette and cigarette use between 2013 and 2019: insights from repeat cross-sectional data from the COMPASS study
Authors: Cole Adam G. , Aleyan Sarah , Battista Kate , Leatherdale Scott T.
Published: August 2020

Objectives

E-cigarettes are an increasingly popular product among youth in Canada. However, there is a lack of long-term data presenting trends in use. As such, the objective of this study was to examine trends in e-cigarette and cigarette use across various demographic characteristics between 2013 and 2019 among a large sample of secondary school youth in Canada.

Methods

Using repeat cross-sectional data from a non-probability sample of students in grades 9 to 12, this study explored trends in the prevalence of ever and current e-cigarette use and cigarette smoking between 2013–2014 and 2018–2019 in British Columbia, Alberta, Ontario, and Quebec. Trends in ever and current e-cigarette use and cigarette smoking were studied across demographic variables among students in Ontario.

Results

The prevalence of e-cigarette ever and current use was variable across province and increased over time, particularly between 2016–2017 and 2018–2019. In contrast, the prevalence of current cigarette smoking was relatively stable over the study period, decreasing significantly in Alberta and Ontario between 2017–2018 and 2018–2019. In Ontario, the prevalence of ever and current e-cigarette use increased among all grades, both genders, and all ethnicities.

Conclusion

Consistent with data from the United States, the prevalence of e-cigarette use among our large sample of Canadian youth has increased substantially in a short period of time. Surveillance systems should continue to monitor the prevalence of tobacco use among youth. Additional interventions may be necessary to curb e-cigarette use among Canadian youth.
VR-Training im Pharma-Betrieb
Authors: Hanisch Felix
Published: August 2020

Die Kompetenz der Mitarbeiter in der pharmazeutischen Produktion ist entscheidend für Sicherheit, Qualität und Zuverlässigkeit. Konventionelle Schulungsmethoden sind aufwändig, können in der Regel nicht automatisiert werden und führen nicht immer zu den gewünschten Ergebnissen.  Eine Lösung stellt hier der “DeepTraining“-Ansatz dar, bei dem Mitarbeiter via Virtual-Reality-Brille in authentische Produktionsumgebungen “eintauchen” und dort zentrale Fähigkeiten lernen, die für die Vermeidung der wichtigsten Fehler wichtig sind. Sie werden unmittelbar durch präzises Feedback - unabhängig von ihrem individuellen Stärken- und Schwächenprofil – automatisiert und qualitätsgesichert geschult (Trainings-Transfer-Effekt), ohne dass das Training die echte Produktion beeinträchtigt. Dieser Artikel führt in den DeepTraining Ansatz ein und zeigt wie dieser erfolgreich auf einen pharmazeutischen Betrieb im Supply Center Leverkusen der Bayer AG angewendet wurde.
Sport for Vulnerable Youth: The Role of Multi-Professional Groups in Sustaining Intersectoral Collaboration
Authors: D'Angelo Chiara , Corvino Chiara , Cianci Eloisa , Gozzoli Caterina
Published: August 2020

Intersectoral actions in the sport-for-development field constitute a pre-condition for the implementation of sport-based interventions. At an operational level, the multi-professional group is the tool through which intersectoral collaboration may successfully achieve its aims. Despite the prominent role of the group, this topic is under-researched in terms of understanding intersectoral actions in the sport-for-development field. By applying a psycho-sociological perspective, our research explores the role of the multi-professional group as a limit/resource for sport-for-development workers that operate with vulnerable youth. Following a phenomenological interpretive approach, 12 practitioners (six sport workers and six social workers) participated in semi-structured interviews to explore the role of multi-professional groups as a resource/limit in working with socially vulnerable youth through sport. The results indicate that, in the participants’ experience, belonging to a multi-professional group is a meaningful resource to trigger reflexivity, promote collaboration and integrate their different professions. The interviews highlighted the positive potential of this tool to address the challenges that emerge when working with socially vulnerable youth, including the management of negative emotions, unexpected events and the relationship with young people. Some interviews also suggested that the presence of multiple professions, under certain circumstances, may be a risk when working with youth. These findings have significant value for programme design, strategy and management as they show the value of trans-disciplinary practices as an agenda for social inclusion through sport.
Sport and Incarceration: Theoretical Considerations for Sport for Development Research
Authors: Norman Mark
Published: August 2020

Despite a rapid expansion in research on Sport for Development (SfD), there remain numerous untapped veins of exploration. This article makes a novel argument for increasing the theoretical and substantive depth of SfD research by linking it to the relatively small, yet developing, body of literature on sport and incarceration. Drawing from the emergent field of carceral geography and the literature on prison sport, this article provides critical theoretical considerations for SfD programs that occur in ‘compact’ sites of confinement, such as prisons or refugee camps, or are enmeshed in ‘diffuse’ manifestations of carcerality. Given the structures of inequality that have led to the confinement of more than 13 million people in prisons, refugee camps, and migrant detention centres across the globe, as well as the multitude of ways that groups and individuals are criminalized and stigmatized in community settings, there are compelling reasons for SfD research to more deeply engage with concerns of space and carcerality as they relate to sport. As such, this article provides an important foundation for future analyses of SfD and carcerality, and signposts some potential ways forward for a deepening of theoretical perspectives in SfD research.
Internal water supply in Africanized beehives during the dry season in the Brazilian semiarid
Authors: Conceição Vieira Melquiades Catiana Da , Nascimento Bendini Juliana Do , De Moura Sinevaldo Gonçalves
Published: August 2020

In light of the unfavorable climatic conditions for keeping Africanized bees in apiaries in the Brazilian semiarid, especially during the dry season, this study aimed to assess how the internal water supply in beehives influences the development of Africanized bee during this period in the semiarid region of Piaui state (PI), Brazil. The experiment was conducted in September and October 2016, in the Experimental Apiary of the Study Group on Bees of the Piaui Semiarid, located in Picos (PI). The hives were standardized in terms of population size and amount of food. To that end, a data sheet was filled out and the brood area measured (cm²) at the beginning and end of the experiment. Graduated 500 mL Boardman entrance feeders filled with potable water were installed to measure daily water consumption during the experiment. There was a significant variation in water use by the bees, with average daily consumption of 74.6 mL ± 25.5. With respect to colony development, there was an increase in the number of frames and brood area. Internal water supply can be recommended as a suitable management technique for bee colonies during the dry season in the semiarid.
Measurement of Overconfidence, Illusion of Control and Optimism in the Context of Behavioral Finance: Case of University Students
Authors: TEKİN Bilgehan
Published: August 2020

Behavioral finance is concerned with analyzing market anomalies as well as biases that cause these anomalies. There are many biases that are stated to have an effect on the decision processes of individuals in behavioural finance literature. It is noteworthy that the biases emphasized among them are overconfidence, illusion of control and extreme optimism. This study aimed at measuring the scale that consists of statements about these three biases on college students in Turkey and reliability and validity of this scale was tested. There are 19 items in the first version of the scale that aims to measure biases and used in this study. The questionnaire, including the demographic information of the students, was applied to a total of 522 students studying at different universities. As a result of the analyzes, it was determined that the final version of the scale Cronbach's Alpha value is 0.825 and the items in the scale were collected under 4 factors.
Gothic Implications on the Enlightenment, Puritanism, and Transcendentalism in Charles Brockden Brown’s Wieland
Authors: GAYRET Gökçenaz
Published: August 2020

The impetus behind the current study lies in exploring how Charles Brockden Brown expostulates reason and rationalism by posing questions to Enlightenment ideas, criticizes Puritanism through addressing the detrimental influence of religious fanaticism on society and humanity, and violates Transcendentalist concept of the inherently good and dignified human with gothic representations in Wieland. Brown underlines the dark applications of reason, obsessive religious melancholy, and destructive evil nature of humanity by locating the sources of terror and retaining a gothic mood of emotional and psychological extremity in the novel. The study shows that Brown violates the idea that reason ensures the progress of humanity; offers his critiques of the impending influence of religious mania on humanity by addressing Puritanism; and questions the transcendentalist view by presenting how the perverse nature of evil buried within each individual drags humans into diabolical actions through gothic elements which do not deal with rationality.
A Research to Determine the Impact of Talent Management on Corporate Image and Employer Brand
Authors: DEMİR Sevda , FETTAHLIOĞLU Ömer Okan
Published: August 2020

The main purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between talent management and corporate image and employer brand to reveal the impact of talent management upon the corporate image and employer brand. 413 bank employees in different levels and positions in the banking sector in the province of Kahramanmaraş are work group of the research. The data obtained from the survey were analysed by utilizing SPSS package program. Correlation and regression analyzes were applied to the data collected through the random sampling method. According to the findings; it is confirmed that the talent management practices of the enterprise do not have any impact on the employees' perception of corporate image; however, have a significant effect on employer’s perception of brand.