bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of a Scale to Measure the Motivation to Pursue a Graduate Course
Authors: Arango-Botero Diana , Chalela Salim , Valencia-Arias Alejandro
Published: June 2019

Introduction. The article considers some motivation factors related to pursue a graduate course. The authors analysed aspects related to learning, better economic and work conditions, better job opportunities, alternatives to grow professionally, among other elements. Our purpose was to develop and validate a motivation scale to pursue higher education studies.
Material and Methods. Self-administered questionnaires answered by senior students of undergraduate programs in our city Medellin (Colombia) and exploratory factor analyses were employed. The methodological basis of the study is the processing and analysis of interv iew materials and student surveys.
Results. In the first exploratory factor analysis (n = 315 registers), three of four factors were retained (eigenvalue equal or greater than 1.0): Economics, Employment and educational competitiveness, and Institutional promotion and support. The factor solution explained 62.62 % of the total variance. The second exploratory factor analysis (n = 316 registers) confirmed the extraction of the same factors with 64.041 % of the total variance explained by them.
Discussion and Conclusion. An individual’s motivations depend not only on economic aspects or the work of higher education institutions but also on subjective elements associated with individual, social and cultural variables. For that reason, the motivation scale developed in our research will enable directors of institutions and universities that offer graduate programs to direct their promotional and advertising efforts to reach a greater number of people considering their expectati ons and needs.
Axiological Orientations of Participants of Educational Relationships: Social-Psychological Aspect
Authors: Serafimovich Irina V. , Belyaeva Olga A.
Published: June 2019

Introduction. The relevance of the research is determined by high public concern with the educational sphere, especially the area of developing secondary school learners’ personal results that have the form of the system of value-oriented attitudes and settings. Further self-education, personal growth, self-identification and community commitment on the whole depend on them. The authors for the first time attempted to estimate systemically axiological aspects of the social and cultural context of the modern educational environment. Their objective was to reveal the specifics of axiological orientation systems and to determine the degree of uniformity and congruence of information axiological field of participants involved in various educational relations.
Materials and Methods. Senin’s core values questionnaire was used to examine the value orientation of university teaching staff and graduates; the personal growth questionnaire by D. V. Grigorev, I. V. Kuleshova, P. V. Stepanov was used to study high school students’ value-based attitude to several significant objects; mathematical and statistical methods of data processing were ap plied.
Results. On the basis of revealed general and specific qualities of the value system of educational relationship participants, one can conclude that teenagers develop criticism in estimation of most real-world objects and tension in perception of subject-subject relations and their own personalities. The authors found that teachers with different work experience select spheres with high and low status in a similar way.
Discussion and Сonclusion. This range of problems is to be further investigated in longitudinal studies devoted, in particular, to the estimation of congruence of values of all participants engaged in educational relationship. The obtained results can be used to choose strategies of psychological, pedagogical and tutor support of teenagers and teachers and to define new priorities of continuous teacher training.
Paradoxes of Students’ Non-formal Education
Authors: Efimova Galina Z. , Zyuban Evgeniy V. , Kicherova Marina N. , Muslimova Ekaterina O.
Published: June 2019

Introduction. The research topicality lies in the inference that formal education system loses its ability to respond quickly to socio-cultural and technological changes in society. The purpose of the article is to study the international and domestic experience of non-formal education, to identify the practices of non-formal education among students, and to examine the prospects and para doxes of non-formal education.
Materials and Methods. The study encompassed such levels as macrosocial, mesosocial, and microsocial. The authors’ methodology comprised two stages. The first part of the research was theoretical. The second part included in-depth interviews (N = 126) and questionnaire results processing (N = 894).
Results. The examples of foreign countries show institutional opportunities, regulation mechanisms, and means of recognition of non-formal education. The scale of distribution of non-formal education in the world is presented. The empirical research shows that the absolute majority of the Russian students are not involved in non-formal educational practices. The main objective of non-formal education is to obtain actual knowledge, living and vocational skills within a short time period. Only a third of respondents admit that non-formal education has had a positive ef fect on their employment.
Discussion and Conclusion. The study allows to deepen knowledge about the education system transformation, to identify possible strategies to remove young people’s qualification gaps and retards and overcome barriers existing on the labor market. The study results can be used to develop theoretical concepts and conduct a comparative analysis, as well as in practical activities of educational organizations. The study will help identify the opinion of employers regarding their readiness to recognize qualifications earned through non-formal education.
Waste-plastic processing provides global challenges and opportunities
Authors: Degnan Thomas , Shinde Subhash L.
Published: June 2019

We are drowning in plastic waste. In 2015, 9.1 metric tonnes of plastic waste flowed into our oceans. Experts predict that by 2050, the total amount of plastic waste could amount to 850–950 metric tonnes. That will exceed the total mass of fish in the oceans. Ironically, unmanaged leaks of waste plastic into rivers and streams are only a small, though visible, part of a much more significant problem.
Safety assessment and the effect of squalene isolated from schizochytrium mangrovei pq6 on serum hdl - cholesterol levels in animal models
Authors: Ha Nguyen Cam , Hien Hoang Thi Minh , Ngan Nguyen Hoang , Hong Dang Diem
Published: June 2019

In this paper, the acute and subchronic toxicity and the effect of squalene isolated from heterotrophic marine microalga Schizochytrium mangrovei PQ6 on the serum levels of HDL-C were investigated using animal models. The results of acute toxicity study showed that by oral administration of the squalene on albino mice at the highest dose of 58.25 g/kg of whole body of mice/day, the LD50 was not determined. Squalene at doses of 400 mg and 1,200 mg/kg/day for 60 consecutive days have allowed the normal behavior, body weight, hematological and biochemical parameters, liver and kidney functions, morphology of liver, kidney and spleen, total plasma cholesterol content, however, HDL-C level was higher in squalene treated mices compared to control group (p < 0.05). In addition, at doses of 600 and 1,200 mg/kg/day for 60 continuous days, squalene treated mice showed the increase in HDL-C level and HDL-C/total cholesterol ratio and the decrease in the contents of LDL-C and VLDL-C without affecting the body and liver weights and levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride.
Formulation and application of nanosilver-infused cream in prevention and treatment of mastitis in dairy cows
Authors: Chau Nguyen Hoai , Hien Dao Trong , Thuy Nguyen Thi , Ha Doan Quang , Duong Dang Thi , Loan Tran Thi , Linh Phung Thi Dieu , Luu Tang Xuan , Tan Ngo Dinh , Tua Tran Van
Published: June 2019

Research on formulation of nanosilver-infused cream was carried out at the Institute of Environmental Technology and the effects of this cream in prevention and treatment of mastitis in dairy cows were assessed at Bavi Cattle and Forage Research Center. Cream with 0.4% carbomer was infused with silver nanoparticles for high uniformity and long-term stability. At concentrations of 50–250 ppm, nanosilver-infused cream proved to be effective against mastitis pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Nanosilver cream at concentrations of 150 ppm had the best effect on clinical and subclinical mastitis prevention in dairy cows. Combining nanosilver cream with ceftiofer antibiotic achieved excellent treatment rate, up to 93.33%. For prevention of dairy mastitis, silver cream can be used at a concentration of 150 ppm 15 days before calving and for the whole milking period. Using nanosilver cream in combination with antibiotics led to highly effective mastitis treatment.
Konsumtionsuppsatser som ny bedömningspraktik för lärarutbildare
Authors: Lundström Mats , Stolpe Karin , Björklund Lars , Åström Maria
Published: June 2019

Vid den senaste lärarutbildningsreformen beslutades att på de flesta lärarutbildningsprogrammen ska lärarstudenter skriva självständiga arbeten omfattande totalt 30 högskolepoäng. Vid många lärosäten har detta lett till en uppdelning i två olika självständiga arbeten: en konsumtions- och en produktionsuppsats. Denna studie undersöker om konsumtionsuppsatser – en typ av kunskapsöversikter – innebär en ny bedömningspraktik för lärarutbildare som examinatorer. Examinatorer vid lärosäten med lärarutbildning har blivit intervjuade och fått besvara en enkät rörande dessa bedömningskriterier. Resultaten indikerar att en majoritet av examinatorerna inte ser stora skillnader mellan att bedöma en konsumtionsuppsats och en mer traditionell produktionsuppsats där egen empiri i form av till exempel intervjuer samlas in och analyseras. Vid intervjuerna framkom dock några skillnader mellan de två uppsatstyperna. Dessa hänger huvudsakligen ihop med antingen hur strukturen byggs upp, vad som är metod eller hur forskningsförankringen är framskriven. Slutsatsen blir att den nya form av uppsatser som konsumtionsuppsatser innebär inte tycks ha renderat i någon stor förändring av bedömningspraktiken hos examinatorerna.
Fiktiva fall – fast inte som förr: faktoriella surveymetoden i högre utbildning
Authors: Wallander Lisa
Published: June 2019

Syftet med artikeln är att introducera och demonstrera ett pedagogiskt verktyg baserat på användningen av fiktiva fall (vinjetter) konstruerade enligt den experimentella faktoriella surveymetodens principer. Dessa vinjetter är – till skillnad från traditionella ”case” eller ”fallbeskrivningar” – helt igenom kvantitativa, i betydelsen att de kan analyseras i termer av ett antal variabler (dimensioner) och variabelvärden (nivåer). I korthet består kärnan i det pedagogiska verktyget i att man låter studenter bedöma ett stort antal vinjetter, varpå man gör statistiska analyser separat för varje students vinjettbedömningar och låter resultaten av dessa ingå i en bedömningsprofil, vilken används som grund för systematisk reflektion och diskussion. Utöver de fördelar som finns med allt slags fallbaserat lärande, kan detta verktyg användas för att identifiera bedömningsmönster som studenterna själva är omedvetna om. Detta genererar tillfällen för reflektion kring det potentiella inflytandet av stereotypt tänkande i bedömningar, och kring innehållet i studenternas ”tysta kunskap” på området för bedömningen. Det aktuella pedagogiska verktyget har utvecklats inom ramen för undervisning om professionella bedömningar, men kan användas i alla tänkbara universitets- och högskolekurser där det finns intresse för att analysera, reflektera över och diskutera bedömningar (jfr uppfattningar, attityder, värderingar).
Musikalitet som förmåga till närvaro, struktur och flöde: Ett centralt begrepp i skådespelares lärande
Authors: Bjerstedt Sven
Published: June 2019

Denna artikel undersöker vilken betydelse och potential som begreppet musikalitet kan ha för skådespelares lärprocesser. Studien riktar sig främst till lärare och forskare vid landets högre konstnärliga utbildningar. Betraktad som professionsforskning och som exempel på språkliga metaforers potential i konceptualiserings- och lärandeprocesser bör den emellertid kunna vara av intresse även för andra läsare. Det nämnda intermediala begreppslånet kan uppfattas som en metafor som är av central betydelse när konstnärer, pedagoger och andra talar om teater. En teaterhistorisk översikt pekar på rytm som en central aspekt av den innebörd som har tillskrivits begreppet musikalitet inom teatern. Analyser av två omfattande intervjustudier med konstnärer och pedagoger på teaterområdet pekar på att begreppet musikalitet framstår som central i intervjuernas perspektiv på kvalitet i skådespelarens arbete. Den bild som framtonar av musikalitetens innebörd på teaterns område är komplex. Förmågan att agera musikaliskt kan uppfattas som sammansatt av en rad förmågor som kompletterar varandra, här betecknade med nyckelorden närvaro, struktur och flöde. En lockande uppgift för framtida forskning är att undersöka vilken potential detta sätt att uppfatta innebörden av begreppet musikalitet kan ha på begreppets ursprungsområde, musiken.
Analysis of Constituents of Paraeducator Job Competency
Authors: Lee Sunhee , Jung Daeyoung , Ha Changwan ,   The Korean Society of Special Education
Published: June 2019

The objective of this study was to analyze related research and literature of paraeducator job competency and deduce the constituents of paraeducator job competency. First, this study drew up a draft regarding paraeducator job competency through expert consultation and carried out an I-CVI(Item-level Content Validity Index) and IRR(Inter-rater Reliability) to verify validity. Then, two sessions of questionnaire surveys were conducted based on the modified delphi technique regarding the deduced constituents. As for delphi survey site, to obtain results, the degree of agreement in the panel’s opinions was verified by applying the CVR (Content Validity Ratio), consensus and agreement of panel’s opinions. As a result, the constituents of paraeducator job competency are composed of 7 areas with 46 items and deduced constituents of paraeducator job competency turned out to be valid. The results of the study are discussed. and suggestions made based on the results.
Unsettled intimacies: revisiting Edith Wharton’s The Custom of the Country through Nella Larsen’s Quicksand
Authors: Willis Kedon
Published: June 2019

Scholars have highlighted Nella Larsen’s textual interventions into aspects of Edith Wharton’s major works. The interventions, they claim, not only unmask Wharton’s pointed operations of erasure against people of color but, in some cases, showcase her racism. None of these works, however, devote critical analysis to the interventions staged on Wharton’s The Custom of the Country (1913), the novel that, I argue, is her most definitive statement on the role of market-based capitalism on the fate of Western civilization. Nella Larsen’s Quicksand (1928) shares many of Custom’s thematic concerns. Though writing from different class and racial perspectives, both writers must account for the social developments that spilled over from the previous century to articulate their implications for their heroines in terms of marriage, family, work, divorce, sex, and race relations on a trans-Atlantic scale. However, given that Custom almost entirely elides the presence of people of color, assessing it alongside Quicksand animates the spectre of colonialism that haunts the text, inviting us to remember why not all bodies, as M. Jacqui Alexander argues in “Not Just (Any) Body Can Be a Citizen,” can be imagined as naturalized citizen subjects within the rubric of modern capitalism.
African “ghosts” and the myth of “Italianness”: the presence of migrant writers in Italian literature
Authors: Virga Anita
Published: June 2019

In this article, I analyze the cultural meaning of the emergence of an African migrant literature in Italy at the beginning of the 1990s and its presence today. I put this emergence in dialogue with the construction of Italian identity as white. Through a brief historical account of how this social construction came into being, I verify how African migrant literature contests this (de)racialized myth of “Italianness.” Using Gordon’s concept of “haunting,” I argue that African literature within Italian literature can be read as a manifestation of ghosts: the appearance of a presence that has always been there but was repressed by hegemonic discourses. African literature not only works against subalternity, but also reveals whiteness as imagined and acknowledges a colonial past that has been deleted from the public remembrance. Despite such work, African migrant authors today are still writing against the paradigm of the “arrival,” asking: who is Italian? Who can represent Italian citizens?
Presidenciales chilenas 2017. Por quién y cuánto votan los indígenas
Authors: Fuentes Saavedra Claudio , De Cea Maite , Teitelboim Berta
Published: June 2019

Este artículo indaga sobre el comportamiento electoral de un segmento específico pero relevante de la sociedad como son los indígenas en Chile contemporáneo, a partir de dos dimensiones: su asistencia a votar —participación electoral— y su inclinación ideológica —preferencia electoral—. Se estudian cuantitativamente los factores sociodemográficos que pueden explicar tanto la participación como la preferencia electoral. Además, se analizan diacrónicamente los resultados electorales en las quince comunas del país que tienen más de 50% de población indígena. Se concluye que la interacción entre las variables alta pobreza y alta población indígena inciden en la participación electoral y en la preferencia ideológica; además, el examen pormenorizado de las comunas revela trayectorias de comportamiento muy disímiles y que están mediadas por su propia historia electoral, el tipo de elección que se enfrente y cambios en la regla sobre la voluntariedad del voto.
Elementos estructurales y coyunturales de una implementación conflictiva del Acuerdo de Paz entre el Gobierno colombiano y las FARC-EP
Authors: Tiusabá Gómez Beatriz Helena , López Cristian
Published: June 2019

Tras la firma del Acuerdo final para la terminación del conflicto y la construcción de una paz estable y duradera entre las FARC-EP y el Estado colombiano se inició un proceso de implementación conflictiva, derivado de realidades de orden estructural y coyuntural. Dicha conflictividad ha sido consecuencia de limitaciones propias de un proceso de negociación que no se planteó la superación de las causas estructurales que originaron el conflicto y que se desenvolvió con un compromiso diferencial de los actores. Desde de una metodología histórico-descriptiva, con la intención de evidenciar el proceso de implementación del acuerdo y las complejidades que el proceso contrajo, este artículo analiza el primer año de implementación del Acuerdo y su carácter conflictivo a partir de categorías como la formación del Estado-Nación en Colombia, la refrendación del Acuerdo y el papel de las ramas del poder público en el proceso de su implementación efectiva.
Functional foods: current issues and trends
Authors: MÁRQUEZ FERNÁNDEZ Pabla María , MÁRQUEZ FERNÁNDEZ Diana Margarita
Published: June 2019

Functional foods are characterized for containing various components, some of which are classified as nutrients, and they affect diverse important functions in the body producing wellness and health and/or decrease in the risk of some diseases. Accordingly, these foods, besides from satisfying hunger and providing nutrients that are necessary for the organism, also prevent nutrition related diseases and improve the body at physical and mental levels.
Effect of the consumption of chocolate enriched with tryptophan and resveratrol on biochemical markers and oxidative stress in a healthy population
Authors: FLÓREZ-MENDEZ Jennyfer , FLÓREZ Jorge Yezid , PÉREZ Elevina , LARES Mary
Published: June 2019

Fondo. El chocolate es un producto con alto valor nutricional, de características sensoriales aceptadas y preferidas por el consumidor, además de beneficiosas para la salud. Según los beneficios atribuidos a los componentes del cacao, las investigaciones han demostrado que el consumo de chocolate ha estado involucrado en la modulación de la protección de la presión arterial, el perfil de lípidos, la activación de las plaquetas y la sensibilidad a la insulina. Objetivo. Evalúe el efecto de consumir una tableta de chocolate enriquecido con triptófano presente en el maní y el resveratrol contenido en la harina de cáscara y la semilla de uva, sobre los marcadores bioquímicos y el estrés oxidativo en una población saludable. Los metodosEl estudio se realizó en 10 sujetos de entre 20 y 40 años, que consumieron diariamente durante 21 días, una barra de chocolate de 15 g enriquecida con triptófano y resveratrol. Antes de comenzar el estudio y después de 21 días, los participantes recibieron medidas de peso, cintura, cadera y presión arterial. Además de las muestras de sangre, se analizaron glucemia, creatinina, triglicéridos, colesterol total, HDL, LDL, VLDL, ácido úrico, insulina y marcadores de estrés oxidativo 8-isoprostano y catalasa. Las pruebas estadísticas no paramétricas se aplicaron a Kruskal-Wallis o Wilcoxon para n = 10, con un valor de significación de 0,05. Resultados Se detuvo una disminución estadísticamente significativa en los valores de insulina y el marcador de estrés oxidativo 8-isoprostano, mientras que los valores de catalasa aumentaron significativamente. Conclusión.El consumo de chocolate enriquecido con triptófano y resveratrol no altera los parámetros bioquímicos de la glucemia, creatinina, triglicéridos, colesterol total, HDL, LDL, VLDL y ácido úrico. Pero ayuda significativamente a la disminución de la insulina en la sangre y podría tener efectos beneficiosos para la salud relacionados con la reducción del estrés oxidativo, después de consumir 15 g de chocolate durante 21 días.
Vitrocap efficacy in patients with the vitreous body destruction
Authors: Varganova Tat’yana S. , Veryasova Anastasiya G. , Erysheva Evgeniya D.
Published: June 2019

The vitreous body destruction (VBD) is one of the most common conditions bringing patients to visit an ophthalmologist. The absence of the effective treatment of VBD today worries both doctors themselves and their patients. Since 2014, Vitrocap (Ebiga-VISION, Germany) has been registered in the Russian Federation, its components of which prevent the biochemical and anatomical vitreous body structure changes by a natural way.

Objective: to evaluate the clinical efficacy of Vitrocap in patients with VBD, as well as to analyze the psychological characteristics of individuals complaining of floaters.

Material and methods. The study included 32 patients in total, 16 of which (5 men and 11 women aged from 37 to 57 years) comprised the main group of individuals complaining of floaters. The patients in this group received active treatment using Vitrocap according to the licensed posology. The control group included patients with the vitreous body floaters confirmed by B-scan, but without active complaints. All patients underwent standard echography (A-, B-scan) using the Tomey UD-8000 device with a 15 MHZ frequency sensor before and after treatment. In addition, voluntary anonymous survey was performed in both groups using Minnesota Multiphase Personality Test (MMPI).

The results of the study showed that after the Vitrocap course patients reported a reduction or absence of floaters complaints in 76% of cases, and according to A-scan characteristics (the number and height of echogenicity peaks) there were quantitative and qualitative improvements in 32% and 80% of cases, correspondingly. According to MMPI test results, the patients in the main group had an increased need for the doctors emotional involvement in the process of eliminating visual discomfort. In such cases, the very fact of prescribing therapy caused a beneficial effect on the patients emotional state. Thus, we have found Vitrocap treatment to improve both subjective and objective status in patients with VBD.
Astrocytoma of the optic nerve head
Authors: Goltsman Elena V. , Potyomkin Vitaly V. , Astakhov Yuriy S. , Marchenko Olga A. , Antonov Vladimir A. , Kel’ina Anastasiya E.
Published: June 2019

In this article, a clinical case of astrocytoma of optic nerve head in patient with neurofibromatosis type 1 is presented. The main feature of this clinical case is a difficulty in differential diagnosis with amelanotic choroidal melanoma.
Spatial Correlation Model of Systematic Site and Path Effects for Ground‐Motion Fields in Northern Italy
Authors: Sgobba Sara , Lanzano Giovanni , Pacor Francesca , Puglia Rodolfo , D'Amico Maria , Felicetta Chiara , Luzi Lucia
Published: June 2019

In this study, we propose an approach to generate spatially correlated seismic ground‐motion fields for loss assessment and risk analysis. Differently from the majority of spatial correlation models, usually calibrated on within‐earthquake residuals, we use the sum of the source‐, site‐, and path‐systematic effects (namely corrective terms) of the ground‐motion model (GMM), obtained relaxing the ergodic assumption. In this way, we build a scenario‐related spatial correlation model of the corrective terms by which adjusting the median predictions of ground motion and the associated variability. We show a case study focused on the Po Plain area in northern Italy, presenting a series of peculiar features (i.e., availability of a dense dataset of seismic records with uniform soil classification and very large plain with variable thickness of the sedimentary cover) that make its study particularly suitable for the purpose of developing and validating the proposed approach.

The study exploits the repeatable corrective terms, estimated by Lanzano et al. (2017) in northern Italy, using a local GMM (Lanzano et al., 2016), which predicts the geometric mean of horizontal response spectral accelerations in the 0.01–4 s period range. Our results show that the implementation of a spatially correlated model of the systematic terms provides reliable shaking fields at various periods and spatial patterns compliant with the deepest geomorphology of the area, which is an aspect not accounted by the GMM model. The possibility to define a priori fields of systematic effects depending on local characteristics could be usefully adopted either to simulate future ground‐motion scenarios or to reconstruct past events.
Generalized Earthquake Counting Processes for Sequence‐Based Hazard
Authors: Iervolino Iunio
Published: June 2019

Sequence‐based probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (SPSHA) allows us to account for the effect of aftershocks in the assessment of seismic structural‐design actions (Iervolino et al., 2014, 2018). In fact, it generalizes classical probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA; Cornell, 1968), combining it with aftershock‐PSHA (Yeo and Cornell, 2009). SPSHA associates in time aftershocks to mainshocks and, therefore, retains a desirable property of classical PSHA; that is, events (earthquakes in PSHA and mainshock–aftershock sequences in SPSHA) occur according to homogeneous Poisson processes (HPPs). Nevertheless, the number of earthquakes in SPSHA is not Poisson‐distributed. This is addressed herein, in which the probability distribution is formulated and discussed for the following random variables: (1) the count of all earthquakes pertaining to sequences originating in any time interval; (2) the count of all earthquakes occurring in any time interval; (3) the count of all earthquakes that cause exceedance of an arbitrary ground‐motion intensity threshold at the site of interest, generated by sequences originating in any time interval. An application referring to central Italy is also developed to help the discussion. The three main findings are that: (1) the formulated SPSHA counting processes further generalize PSHA; that is, they degenerate in the corresponding mainshock HPPs, if aftershocks are neglected; (2) to associate the aftershocks to the corresponding mainshocks in time is fit for hazard assessment purposes; and (3) the variance‐to‐mean ratio of the counting distributions is significantly larger than one; consequently, the occurrence processes cannot be approximated by Poisson processes. These results, which complete the SPSHA framework, can be a reference for model calibration exercises when SPSHA is computed via simulation and in those cases in which the probability of an exact number of exceedances is of interest, rather than that of observing at least one exceedance (e.g., for seismic damage accumulation studies).
Intangible cultural heritage (ICH) in the content of the events of ethnographic open-air museums and attraction of participants to the events
Authors: Smuka Ingrida , Reinane Madara
Published: June 2019

Niematerialne dziedzictwo kulturowe cechuje się różnorodnością i może być wyrażane w wielu formach. Treści zamieszczone w artykule dotyczą wyłącznie jednej z jego części – tradycyjnych, zwyczajowych uroczystości i wydarzeń organizowanych w łotewskich skansenach. Eventy te są bardzo popularne i gromadzą wielu odbiorców. Autorzy dokonali analizy dokumentacji dotyczących organizacji i przebiegu tradycyjnych imprez plenerowych w czterech największych łotewskich skansenach: Etnografi cznym Łotewskim Muzeum Rybołówstwa, Ventspils Open-Air Museum (Ventspils), Skansenie Jurmala (Jurmala) i Skansenie Jekabpils „Selonian Yard” (Jekabpils). W procesie badawczym wykorzystano także sformalizowane wywiady pogłębione, które przeprowadzono z dyrektorami poszczególnych muzeów, oraz ankietyzację wśród uczestników wydarzeń. W końcowej części artykułu, w oparciu o analizę materiału badawczego, opracowano zalecenia dla pracowników muzeów plenerowych, głównie w celu ciągłego doskonalenia programów imprez, wzbudzenia większego zainteresowania wśród ich potencjalnych uczestników i zachęcania organizatorów do aktywności w tym zakresie.
Identyfikacja atrybutów hoteli inteligentnych w Polsce w kontekście potrzeb noclegowych pokolenia Y
Authors: Sidorkiewicz Marta
Published: June 2019

Potrzeby współczesnych gości należących do pokolenia Y stanowią przesłanki dla funkcjonowania hoteli inteligentnych. To właśnie one determinują konieczność wprowadzania zmian w podejmowanych przez branżę hotelarską działaniach w ramach kreowania nowych rodzajów obiektów hotelarskich. Celem artykułu jest zidentyfi kowanie atrybutów obiektów noclegowych określanych mianem hoteli inteligentnych (hoteli smart) na krajowym rynku hotelarskim w kontekście potrzeb noclegowych pokolenia Y. Ponadto podjęto próbę zdefi niowania tego rodzaju obiektów. Treść opracowania jest wynikiem wykorzystania przede wszystkim metody badawczej desk research w postaci analizy literatury przedmiotu, zasobów internetowych oraz doniesień branżowych. Ponadto zostały wykorzystane metody operacji logicznych (przede wszystkim dedukcji i indukcji).
Rozważania nad kierunkami rozwoju turystyki kulturowej
Authors: Dolińska Magdalena , Smoliński Paweł , Grzelak-Kostulska Elżbieta
Published: June 2019

Celem pracy jest analiza opinii studentów na temat wybranych nowych form turystyki kulturowej. Przedmiotem badania były: poorism, urbex, turystyka ezoteryczna, questing, tanatoturystyka i geocaching. Konsekwentnie zbadano stopień ich znajomości i zebrano informacje na temat ich postrzegania. W celu zebrania informacji, które pozwoliły na dokonanie oceny stopnia znajomości oraz uczestnictwa we wspomnianych formach turystyki, posłużono się techniką CAWI (Computer Assisted Web Interviews), docierając tym samym do społeczności studenckiej Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu. Badania przeprowadzono w okresie od kwietnia do lipca 2018 r. Za istotne uznano ustalenie, czy te, obecnie niszowe, odmiany turystyki kulturowej mogą w przyszłości mieć wpływ na jej kształt. Zebrane opinie, zgodnie z przyjętym założeniem, mogą stanowić prognostyk przyszłego kierunku rozwoju turystyki kulturowej jako jednej z form turystyki mającej wpływ na podtrzymanie dziedzictwa kulturowego. W badaniu ustalono, że gry terenowe, jak geocaching oraz questing, postrzegane są przez respondentów jako formy bardzo ciekawe i pożyteczne, zarówno dla turystów, jak i dla promocji regionu. Za atrakcyjny jest też uważany urbex, który dostarcza znacznie silniejszych emocji niż rywalizacja podczas gry. Ze względu na swój eksploracyjny oraz nierzadko zewnętrzny charakter forma ta uważana jest przez respondentów za najbliższą turystyce autentyczności. Natomiast za najmniej rozwojowe formy ankietowani uznali poorism i turystykę ezoteryczną.
Reconstruction of palaeolandscaps of Ukraine during MIS 20-12 according to palaeontological methods data
Authors: Krokhmal’ Aleksey , Komar Maryna
Published: June 2019

Abstrakt: Według nowego Schematu Stratygrafi cznego Plejstocenu Ukrainy klimatolity przyazowski, martonoszski, sulski, łubenski i tiligulski korelowane są z końcową częścią wczesnego i pierwszą połową środkowego plejstocenu według międzynarodowej skali stratygrafi cznej oraz z 20-12 MIS. Z kriochronami przyazowską, sulską i tiligulską wiązała się sedymentacja lessów i osadów lessopodobnych; podczas kriochrony tiligulskiej lądolód skandynawski (Krukenycki, Okski) objął północno-zachodnią Ukrainę. Podczas termochron martonoszskiej i łubenskiej formowały się gleby kopalne. Osady subakwalne (pierwsza połowa środkowego plejstocenu) tworzą aluwialne terasy V i VI, a także osady basenów morskich Czauda i Postczauda. W celu rekonstrukcji warunków paleogeografi cznych zostały wykorzystane własne wyniki badań palinologicznych, malakologicznych, mikroteriologicznych osadów kontynentalnych i morskich, dane z analizy paleopedologicznej z lat ostatnich oraz materiały publikowane (por. bibliografi a). Uzyskane dane potwierdziły cykliczny charakter ewolucji krajobrazów i zmian klimatu na Ukrainie podczas glacjałów i interglacjałów w okresie między 800 a 430 tysięcy lat temu. Zasięgi stref roślinnych, wyróżnianych na terenie Ukrainy w tych jednostkach stratygrafi cznych, przedstawiają ryc. 3–7. Z przeprowadzonej analizy wynika, że powierzchnia i granice jednostek biostratygrafi cznych w poszczególnych jednostkach plejstocenu nie zawsze pokrywają się z powierzchnią podjednostek klimatostratygrafi cznych, zidentyfi kowanych na podstawie rekonstrukcji paleogeografi cznych. Cechą charakterystyczną jest duża rola doliny Dniepru, wykazana przez zróżnicowanie strefowych odmian roślinności w prawo- i lewobrzeżnej części jego basenu.
Vitrification has detrimental effects on maturation, viability, and subcellular quality of oocytes post IVM in cancerous women: An experimental study
Authors: Mohsenzadeh Mehdi , Tabibnejad Nasim , Vatanparast Mahboubeh , Anbari Fatemeh , Ali Khalili Mohammad , Karimi-Zarchi Mojgan
Published: June 2019

Background: In vitro maturation (IVM) of immature oocytes retrieved from ovarian tissue has been considered as a valuable approach for fertility preservation in cancerous patients.Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of vitrification on oocyte maturation, survival rates, as well as the subcellular oocyte quality post IVM.Materials and Methods: The ovarian cortexes from 19 women with cervix and uterine malignancy aged 21–39 yr were collected. Cumulus-oocyte complexes were aspirated from all visible antral follicles. 102 immature oocytes were collected, and 43 oocytes were detected appropriately for IVM (control group). Also, 59 immature oocytes were vitrified, then matured in vitro (IVM) in two groups: with Growth/differentiation factor9 (GDF9) (group 1) and without GDF9 (group 2) supplementation. Rates of oocytes viability, maturation, and survival along with meiotic spindle visualization and zona pellucida birefringence were assessed with Polyscope.Results: The rate of maturation was significantly higher in controls (55.8%) compared to the other groups. Maturation rate was 23.3% in oocytes cultured in IVM medium enriched with GDF9, and 27.6% in those cultured in IVM medium lacking GDF9 (p= 0.86). Also, the meiotic spindle was present in 74.4% of control oocytes whichwas significantly higher than the other groups. The proportion of high zona pellucida birefringence was higher in the controls when compared with group 1 (51.2% vs. 23.3%, respectively, p = 0.04).Conclusion: Vitrification had a detrimental effect on oocyte maturation, viability as well as the subcellular quality of the oocytes after IVM in cancerous women.
The effect of adding Rosmarinic and Ascorbic acids to vitrification media on fertilization rate of the mice oocyte: An experimental study
Authors: Borjizadeh Abdollah , Ahmadi Hamid , Daneshi Erfan , Roshani Daem , Fathi Fardin , Abdi Mahdad , Nasseri Sherko , Abouzaripour Morteza
Published: June 2019

Background: Oocytes vitrification is a pivotal step for the widespread and safekeeping of animal genetic resources. Oocytes endure notable morphological and functional damage during cryopreservation. Oxidative stress is one of the adverse effects that vitrification imparts on oocytes.Objective: In the present study, we investigated the antioxidant effect of Rosmarinic and Ascorbic acids on the quality and fertilizing ability of frozen-thawed mice oocyte.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, germinal vesicle oocytes obtained from two-months-old (30–40gr) NMRI mice were randomly divided into four groups. The basic cryoprotectants were 7.5% (v/v) ethylene glycol+7.5% (v/v) Propanediol as an equilibration media. Vitrification medium contained 15% (v/v) ethylene glycol+15% (v/v) propanediol, and 0.5 M sucrose. In the first group (Control), nothing was addedto vitrification mediums, whereas, in the second and third groups, 0.5 mmol/L of Ascorbic acid and 105 µmol/L of Rosmarinic acid were added into vitrification medium, respectively. The cumulative concentration of Rosmarinic and Ascorbic acids were added to group 4. Mouse oocytes were vitrified and preserved for one month. The thawed oocytes were transferred into the α-MEM medium (Alpha Minimum Essential Medium) and maintained in this medium for 24 hr, to be matured and reach the metaphase II stage.Results: The addition of Rosmarinic and Ascorbic acids to the vitrification solution improved the survival, maturation of Germinal vesicles, fertilization rate, and finally development to 4-cell stage. Maturation rates to 4-cell stage for Ascorbic acid, Rosmarinic acid, and both of them together were 80%, 80.76%, and 86.61%, respectively.Conclusion: These results indicate that the addition of a cumulative concentration of 0.5 mmol/L Ascorbic acid and 105 µmol/L of Rosmarinic acid to the cryopreservation solution for the mouse immature oocytes would be of significant value (p< 0.01).
Evaluating the Effects of Peracetic Acid and Chlorine Dioxide Disinfectants on Staphylococcus Aureus Isolated from Surfaces of NICU
Authors: Usefi Mina , Zandi Hengameh , Jambarsang Sara , Mokhtari Mehdi , Noori Shadkam Mahmood
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Today, disinfection of surfaces by using antimicrobial agents is critical for the prevention and control of pathogens and reduction of infection in hospital. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the effects of two disinfectants against Staphylococcus aureus isolated from the NICU of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital of Yazd in 2017.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross sectional study, bacterial culture of samples collected from different surfaces of the NICU and S. aureus isolates were identified using conventional biochemical tests. Peracetic acid and chlorine dioxide various concentrations were used as disinfectants. Their effects against Staphylococcus aureus were determined by Standard disc diffusion method. Data were analyzed by linear mixed models in SPSS version 23.
Results: 39.39% of samples were found to be S. aureus infected. The mean diameter of growth inhibition zone for peracetic acid 0.1% was significantly lower than that for peracetic acid 0.2%, and peracetic acid 0.1% was significantly higher than that for chlorine dioxide (P < 0.001). The comparison of growth inhibition zone diameters for peracetic acid 0.1% and chlorine dioxide disinfectants showed that the average diameter of the inhibition zone created by peracetic acid 0.1% was significantly higher than that created by chlorine dioxide. The most effective disinfectant on S. aureus strains isolated was peracetic acid 0.2% and the least effective disinfectant was chlorine dioxide.
Conclusion: In health care facilities with S. aureus infection, peracetic acid 0.2% can be used effectively to reduce nosocomial infection rate.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Low Birth Weight in Rafsanjan, Iran; 2017: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Hajizadeh Farzaneh , Jamalizade Ahmad , Rezaeian Mohsen , Vazirinejad Reza , Bitaraf Saiid , Irannejad Najmeh , Khalili Parvin
Published: June 2019

Background: Low birth weight is an effective factor in neonatal mortality and morbidity. Growth retardation and subsequent chronic diseases are other complications of LBW. The goal of the present study was to determine the prevalence and related factors of LBW in Rafsanjan city in 2016.
Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated existing data of all live births born in Niknafas Rafsanjan Maternity Hospital, the main maternity hospital in the city, and other delivery centers, from March 2016 to 2017. The information was analyzed in two stages using univariable, and multivariable logistic regression model, to control the effect of confounding variables.
Results: The prevalence of LBW was 9.7% in Iranian population of which 4.5% had a gestational age of 37 weeks and more. In non-Iranian population (Afghan), the prevalence of LBW was 13.8%, and the percent of gestational age of 37 and more with weight under 2500 gram was 6.7. The main risk factor was gestational age under 37(OR= 38.38). Other important variables in this study that had significant effects after controlling for the confounding were age over 35 years (OR= 1.485), addiction (OR= 4.057), Abortion history (OR= 1.2), Place of living  (Village vs. city) (OR=0.93), Maternal educational Level (OR= 1.85), infant’s gender (Boy vs. girl) (OR= 0.74), and delivery type (OR=1.39)
Conclusion:  Despite the provided health services, there was found a high prevalence of LBW, so delivering quality healthcare for all pregnant women and screening for high-risk pregnancies, such as, prevention of premature delivery, educational interventions, and quality healthcare for high risk groups and beside, more research on the recognition of other risk factors can have important role in LBW prevention.
El ciclo mortal de los habitantes de calle en Bogotá. Teorías, olvidos, políticas y desenlaces fatales
Authors: Alfonso R. Óscar A. , Barrera G. Rafael A. , Bernal F. Pedro I. , Camargo C. Diana C. , Garzón B. Laura C.
Published: June 2019

El fenómeno de la habitación de la calle es universal, si bien se presenta con mayor intensidad en las metrópolis tercermundistas. Un estado del arte reconstruido desde una perspectiva pluridisciplinar permite advertir ciertos olvidos acerca de sus determinantes. En este artículo se plantea la hipótesis de que la entrada a la habitación en la calle en Bogotá se realiza a cualquier edad y que, cuando ello ocurre, se anticipa la etapa de desesperanza con la que se inicia el ciclo mortal de las personas.
Percepción de la corrupción y comportamiento electoral en culiacán
Authors: Soto Zazueta Irvin Mikhail
Published: June 2019

Después de varias décadas de escasa información sobre la relación entre corrupción y participación electoral, hay una creciente atención a este tema. Diversas hipótesis intentan de explicar este fenómeno, entre ellas que la corrupción es un agente movilizador y, la contraria, que lleva a la abstención. Este artículo analiza el papel de la corrupción en la participación electoral en el municipio de Culiacán, con información recogida mediante una encuesta sobre cultura política y comportamiento electoral. Los resultados sugieren que la probabilidad de votar tiene una relación negativa con el grado de percepción de la corrupción.
Escribir extrañas atracciones: conversación sostenida con Adrian Heathfield
Authors: Heathfield Adrian , Borrero Juliana
Published: June 2019

Adrian Heathfield es escritor, curador y creador de/sobre performance; dedicado a repensar por qué el performance importa a partir de la materia del performance. Heathfield ha trabajado con numerosos artistas y pensadores en colaboraciones críticas y creativas que incluyen diálogos fílmicos, conferencias performáticas, dramaturgias, proyectos de escritura y talleres. Es profesor de Performance y Cultura visual en la Universidad de Roehampton, en Londres. Es autor de Out of Now, a monograph on the artist Tehching Hsieh, editor de Ally y Live: Art and Performance, así como coeditor de Perform, Repeat, Record. Sus numerosos ensayos han sido traducidos a 10 idiomas.
Anaïs o casi novela (un tentempié)
Authors: Brum Maria Alzira
Published: June 2019

Anaïs o casi novela (un tentempié)
Escribir contra las cuerdas: la escritura académica, dispositivo de subjetivación
Authors: Baquero M Pedro , Martínez Jorge
Published: June 2019

Este texto se ocupa de la escritura académica como mecanismo de control del saber tecnocientífico. Analiza algunos rasgos distintivos del artículo científico, en tanto tipo textual dominante de las publicaciones académicas, y su función como dispositivo de subjetivación entre docentes e investigadores universitarios. Desde una lógica analítica que considera la antinomia apertura/cierre de la escritura, discute los patrones de diseño, producción y distribución de los textos académicos en las actuales condiciones de mercantilización de los saberes, y muestra cómo el aparataje normativo de estas formas textuales deviene sumisión y docilidad de la escritura y del sujeto que la produce. El análisis muestra al artículo científico como una forma “cerrada” y distópica de la escritura que, en el campo de las humanidades, parece contradecir su función heurística y creativa en la construcción e interpretación de lo social. Por último, llama la atención de escritores e investigadores en el campo de las humanidades para defender y resituar, desde la escritura misma, formas alternativas que resistan la instrumentalización extrema y la experimenten también como apertura, acontecimiento y devenir.