bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERSONALISMOS POLÍTICOS NOS PAÍSES DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA
Authors: de Menezes Paredes Marçal , Nascimento Augusto
Published: October 2024

Toda sorte de laços políticos pessoalizados – como o mandonismo, o senhorialismo, o coronelismo, o culto da personalidade, o populismo – articulam-se a elementos estruturais e conjunturais, econômicos e sociais, em cenários onde o personalismo político prevalece. Sua amplitude ideológica incorpora um imenso leque de variantes ideológicas, acionando diversos quadrantes políticos, desde os supostamente libertadores aos declaradamente proféticos. Todos distorcem a realidade política e social. Sua manifestação vai além de sua óbvia relação com as ditaduras conservadoras. Plasticamente, o personalismo político também se imiscui nos regimes políticos contrários ao seu princípio, notadamente as democracias liberais. Aparece de igual nas chamadas democracias revolucionárias. Envolto em elos emocionais e simbólicos, transversalmente presente em variados regimes políticos, o personalismo promete soluções rápidas, gere ressentimentos e promete redenção. Alheio às mediações, ao pluralismo e aos procedimentos mediados, seu desiderato maior é transformar o que é denso e complexo em simples e rápido, o que é incerto e impreciso em convicção unidirecional.
O DISCRETO CARISMA DE SALAZAR: UMA REFLEXÃO EM TORNO DE ANTÓNIO FERRO E MIRCEA ELIADE
Authors: Carlos Palomanes Martinho Francisco
Published: October 2024

Marginal, periférico, atrasado, desmobilizador. Adjetivos não faltam, entre historiadores, sociólogos e cientistas políticos especializados nos fascismos, para demarcar o autoritarismo português das demais experiências antiliberais europeias. Durante décadas, enquanto parte dos acadêmicos portugueses entendia o Estado Novo como parte da família dos fascismos em geral, para fora de suas fronteiras, Portugal não passava de um acontecimento menor.
PERSONALISMO DIFUSO E CONTINGENTE: AS LIDERANÇAS POLÍTICAS CABO-VERDIANAS NO PÓS-INDEPENDÊNCIA
Authors: Furtado Claudio
Published: October 2024

Cabo Verde não conheceu, na sua história política, lideranças políticas populistas, ainda que, de forma particular nos primeiros quinze anos, a figura tutelar de Amílcar Cabral, enquanto herói, aparecesse, para alguns, como demiurgo fundador do Estadonação. De igual modo, não se pode dizer que tenham existido, ou que existam, lideranças personalistas, sejam de cariz carismático, as que se impõem como autocratas, pelo domínio do monopólio de violência (i)legítima, sejam, ainda, pela força, com graus variados de omnipresença, da capacidade de coerção outorgada pela liderança dos partidos-Estado.
Pitahaya – Jewel of the Baja Bush
Authors: Bland Alastair
Published: October 2024

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Food and Eating Habits in the Expanding Anthroposphere
Authors: Goudsblom Johan
Published: October 2024

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The Riddle of Dutch Cuisine
Authors: Van Otterloo Anneke
Published: October 2024

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Culinary Encounters Between East Asia and Europe
Authors: Cwiertka Katarzyna J
Published: October 2024

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English Nationalism
Authors: Sherman Sandra
Published: October 2024

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Chapter IX
Authors: Al-Karīm Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan Ibn
Published: October 2024

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Appendix II
Authors: Al-Karīm Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan Ibn
Published: October 2024

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IMPROVEMENT OF THE ALLOY STRUCTURE OF THE Ni-Cr-Со-W-Mo-Al-Ti-C SYSTEM
Authors: Obnosov K. , Greshta V. , Hlotka O. , Kononov V. , Fasol E.
Published: October 2024

Purpose. Establishing the specifics of the influence of alloying elements on the formation of carbides in the structure, their shape and the possibility of separating TLC phases for the system of the Ni-Cr-Co-W-Mo-Al-Ti-C type using the CALPHAD calculation method of prediction in comparison with data obtained by the method of raster electron microscopy.
Research methods. The results of experimental and calculated data, formed on the basis of experimental and results taken from open sources, are presented. The chemical composition was determined on a REM-106I scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive analysis. Experimental values were processed by the method of least squares with obtaining correlation dependencies of the “parameter-property” type and establishing mathematical            equations of regression models that optimally describe these dependencies.
Results. It was established that when the concentration of titanium is more than 4 % and molybdenum is more than 6 % and 15 % chromium, the formation of TSC phases (Р, s and m- phases) is possible, which reduce the operational properties of the alloy. It was found that when the alloy contains more than 25 % chromium, a solid chromium-based solution is formed, which reduces the properties of the alloy (mechanical and corrosion). It is shown that the obtained dependences correspond to reality and coincide with experimental data at the level of 10 %.
Scientific novelty. Obtained dependences of the influence of alloying elements on the chemical composition of carbides will allow predicting properties without conducting experiments. It was established that changes in the course of dependencies are closely correlated with the processes occurring in the structure of alloys.
Practical value. The obtained dependencies can be used both for the development of new heat-resistant alloys and for the improvement of the compositions of industrial alloys.
FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF THE PHASE COMPOSITION AND PROPERTIES OF HIGH ALLOY STEEL 03Х17Н3Г9МБДЮЧ
Authors: Yevsyeyeva N. , Mishchenko V. , Byelikov S. , Kornienko V. , Mishchenko D.
Published: October 2024

Purpose. Evaluation of the influence of alloying elements of corrosion-resistant steel 03Х17Н3Г9МБДЮч on the phase composition and indicators of high-temperature corrosion.
Research methods. In order to check the effect of the chemical composition on the structure of steel 03Х17Н3Г9МБДЮч, laboratory steels were made. The production of these steels was carried out in an induction furnace with a main lining with a capacity of 50 kg. The resulting castings were forged into blanks 40 ´ 80 ´100 mm in size, with subsequent hot rolling into samples 25, 20, and 15 mm thick. Determination of the yield strength of steels was carried out after exposure at a temperature of 850 °С for 10,000 hours. The corrosion resistance of the test samples was determined by the gravimetric method after the samples were completely immersed in molten magnesium.
Results. The choice of the main alloying elements was justified and their influence on durability in the aggressive environment of the recovery process of spongy titanium production was determined. A thermodynamic calculation of the changed Gibbs energy in the operating temperature range was performed. The required phase ratio of 03Х17Н3Г9МБДЮч steel was considered and selected based on Scheffler de Long and Potak-Sahalevich diagrams.
Scientific novelty. The effect of changing the chemical composition of steel 03Х17Н3Г9МБДЮч within technical conditions on the creep limit and durability in the aggressive environment of the recovery process of the production of spongy titanium was determined.
Practical value. It is shown that the alloying complex of corrosion-resistant steel is capable of significantly improving the physical, mechanical and technological properties, and expanding the functional application (purpose).
DETERMINATION OF OPTIMAL CONDITIONS FOR HERMETIC WELDING OF THIN FOILS WHEN USED IN MEMBRANE-TYPE STRUCTURES
Authors: Balushok K. , Petrik I. I. , Chigileychik S. , Marchenko Y. , Sakhno S.
Published: October 2024

Purpose. Development of optimal technology for welding thin-walled shells mode of 12Х18Н10Т steel (δ=0.15 mm), working at alternating loads. Research methods.
Research methods. For welding automatic argon-arc welding (AAAW) equipment was used for of orbital welding, which includes a MW 2600 current source (FRONIUS) with software control unit and welding head of closed type MW40. Research warks showed that this type of welding is not enough for such small thicknesses concentration of the welding arc, which does not allow stable forming of the bath and obtaining solid uniform seam.
A special robotic complex was used for microplasma welding STARWELD 190H, which includes: a power source for the regular arc INV 50; source main arc power supply INV 190; SIEMENS Simatic S 7-300 control unit; robot  CR3-535M (MITSUBISHI); manipulator and HPH 80 plasmatron. Welding quality control was carried out by visual inspection and metallographic examination.
Taking into account the conditions of operation of the parts, according to the technical conditions of the drawing, it was also provided pneumohydraulic control method.
Obtained results. Visual inspection the outer surface of the welds showed the absence of defects in the form of pores, cracks, shells, no fusions, undercuts, etc. The geometric dimensions of the weld met the requirements of the standard documentation valid at the enterprise. Metallographic studies of the boxes membranes, welded by microplasma welding, gave a positive result. Defects of metallurgical character were not found in the welds.
Practical value. The optimal method of welding that can be applied is determined for the manufacture of thin-walled membrane structures, from the point of view of manufacturability and economy expediency It has been established that microplasma welding allows obtaining a hermetically tight seam, when the thickness of parts to be welded is about 0.15 mm. The performance of welded membrane boxes is confirmed in the barostatic valve of an aircraft engine. It is established that micro plasma welding can be used in the manufacture of thin-walled shells made of 12X18H10T steel (δ=0.15 mm), which work at variable loads. The technological process of welding is introduced into the series production.
OPTIMIZATION OF HEAT TREATMENT REGIME FOR A NEW BIODEGRADABLE Mg-Zr-Nd ALLOY WITH ENHANCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Authors: Aikin M. , Shalomeev V.
Published: October 2024

Purpose. To develop a rational heat treatment regime for a new biodegradable magnesium alloy of the Mg-Zr-Nd system, to ensure enhanced mechanical properties throughout the entire treatment period.
Research methods. Differential thermal analysis (DTA) was used to determine phase transformation temperatures. Microstructure analysis was conducted using optical microscopy (“Neophot 32” and “OLYMPUS IX 70”) and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SELMI RЕМ-106I). Mechanical properties were determined using an INSTRON 2801 testing machine. The influence of cooling rate on microstructure and properties was studied using ProCAST simulation software. Heat treatment was carried out in a Bellevue type shaft furnace and a          PAP-4M furnace. X-ray analysis was used to detect internal defects in samples.
Results. A new heat treatment regime was developed for the biodegradable Mg-3.15Nd-1.25Zr-0.6Zn (wt%) alloy. Using differential thermal analysis and microstructure studies at various quenching temperatures, the optimal quenching temperature was established at 560 °C. Empirical relationships describing the influence of heat treatment parameters on the alloy's microstructure were calculated. The new heat treatment regime (quenching from 560 °C for 8 hours, air cooling + aging at 200 °C for 16 hours) resulted in improved mechanical properties (UTS = 276–282 MPa,                               δ = 5.2–5.8%) compared to the standard T6 regime.
Scientific novelty. For the first time, a comprehensive study of the influence of heat treatment parameters on the structure and properties of a new Mg-3.15Nd-1.25Zr-0.6Zn (wt%) alloy with increased content of alloying elements was conducted. New dependencies describing the influence of quenching temperature on the alloy's grain size were established.
Practical value. A new heat treatment regime for the biodegradable magnesium alloy was developed, which ensures complete dissolution of the pseudoeutectic phase and formation of strengthening phases, resulting in improved mechanical properties compared to the standard alloy Mg-2.5Nd-0.4Zn-0.5Zr (wt%) and the standard T6 regime.
Biomechanics of the spine in fracture of the spine before and after surgical treatment. Biomechanical experiment
Authors:   N.G. Chernyshevsky Saratov National Research State University, Donnik Anna , Kossovich Leonid , Olenco Elena
Published: October 2024

The study covers biomechanical behavior of the thoracic spine segment with a comminuted compression fracture of the Th11 vertebral body, with various options for the injured spinal motion segment fixation (SMS). The following fixation options were considered: short-segment transpedicular system (TPS); short-segment TPS, supplemented with an intermediate screw inserted into the damaged vertebra; short-segment TPS, supplemented with intermediate screws inserted into the damaged vertebra. Models of spinal segments with damage to the vertebral body are built on the basis of patient computed tomography data in Mimics Materialize, 3-Matic Materialize and SolidWorks software. Fixing element models, as well as their introduction into the model of the spine segment, are performed in SolidWorks. Materials assigned to the models were considered to be linear, elastic, and isotropic. The boundary conditions and loading of the models are performed in the FEP ANSYS 19.2. The loading of the models corresponded to the position of a person standing, flexion, extension, lateral bending and axial rotation. The numerical solution of the theory of elasticity problem was carried out in the FEP ANSYS. The field of total displacements in the models, equivalent von Mises stresses in fixing structures and vertebrae were calculated. The range of motion was measured in the spinal motion segment, including that within the injured vertebra. The study revealed a redistribution of equivalent von Mises stresses, which reduces the load on the injured vertebra, as well as a decrease in the mobility of the injured vertebra when installing the TPS, supplemented with an intermediate screw, regardless of the side of its installation.
Mechanical properties of biocompatible titanium-glass-carbon coatings for application in orthopaedic implants and details for osteosynthesis
Authors:   Institute of Mechanics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Cherneva Sabina , Petkov Vladimir ,   Institute of Metal Science, Equipment and Technologies with Hydro- and Aerodynamics Centre “Acad.A.Balevski”, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Voinarovych Sergii ,   E.O. Paton Electric Welding Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Alexiev Alexander , Kyslytsia Oleksandr , Masiuchok Olha
Published: October 2024

In present work, we investigated mechanical properties and phase composition of biocompatible coatings for orthopedic implants, consisting of a titanium sublayer with a developed surface morphology, on which glass-carbon coating was deposited, in order to increase its biocompatibility. The titanium sublayer with thickness 250µm was deposited using the MPN-004 microplasma spraying equipment. The deposition was performed on substrates with size 10×20×2 mm from Grade 5 Titanium alloy (90 % titanium, 6 % aluminum, 4 % vanadium). The deposition of the glass- carbon coating was accomplished by immersing the samples in a 10 % solution of glassy carbon in toluene, followed by drying and heat treatment at 920 °C in argon. The process was repeated at least 5–7 times or more until a glass-carbon layer with thickness of 19–50 µm was obtained. The mechanical properties of the moderately rough (about 10 µm) and highly rough (more than 100 µm) samples with and without deposited glass-carbon coating were investigated by means of nanoindentation experiments and then compared. An X-ray diffraction analysis of the samples was performed as well. It was found that the deposition of the glass-carbon coating increases not only the biocompatibility of the investigated material, but also leads to improvement of its mechanical properties.
Energy estimates from force plate data
Authors:   M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kruchinin Pavel , Kholmogorova Natalya ,   Moscow State Pedagogical University
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we discuss a possibility of evaluating a part of the energy cost for maintaining a vertical posture by a person. We use the stabilometric data (center of pressure (CoP) postural sway measurements) only. The application of an inverted pendulum model for calculating the components of the mechanical work of particular groups of leg muscles is described. We use integral of the modulus of the power of total torques developed by the antagonists. For the sagittal direction, the mechanical work of muscles of the ankle is make an estimate mainly, and for the frontal direction – of the pelvic muscles. The possibility of using approximate estimates of energy indicators for the slow components of human movement is discussed. To analyze the correlations of various indicators, the results of postural stability tests were used. During these tests the subjects stood with their eyes open in an upright posture. Moreover, in several tests, they were presented with various visual illusions. It was causing a change in postural characteristics and, accordingly, stabilometric parameters. The correlations between the introduced energetical indicators and indicators traditionally used in stabilometry are analyzed. The next indicators: CoP trajectory range of oscillations along the frontal and sagittal, the average CoP velocity and its projection on the frontal and sagittal axes, as well as an indicator called the "total energy density of statokinesiogram" and its components for the frontal and sagittal directions were considered. A correlation between the used indicator of mechanical work and the stabilogram range was developed. It is shown that the change in a part of the energy corresponding to an indicator called the “total energy density of statokinesiogram” is small and, apparently, does not adequately characterize the change in mechanical energy.
A United Probabilistic Approach to Minimising the Sum of Absolute Values
Authors: Feng Changyong , Liu Honghong , Poon Ethan , Feng Ge
Published: October 2024

Aim: Introduce a novel method for minimizing functions in the form of a sum of absolute values. Methodology: The sum of absolute values can be standardized so that the sum of the coefficients equals 1. In this case, the sum of absolute values takes the form 𝐸𝐸|𝑋𝑋−𝑎𝑎|, where 𝑋𝑋 is a random variable. Results: Any median of 𝑋𝑋 is a minimiser of the function 𝐸𝐸|𝑋𝑋−𝑎𝑎|. To minimise the function, it suffices to find any median of 𝑋𝑋. Implications and recommendations: The method introduced in this paper can be applied to minimise a large family of functions. Originality/value: Our work uses the probabilistic method to solve optimization problems.
Conceptos matemáticos asociados a la elaboración de circulares y sillas artesanales
Authors: Chiquillo Varela María Fernanda , Márquez Herrera Luis Ángel
Published: October 2024

El problema de investigación consistió en la necesidad de conocer los conceptos matemáticos empleados en la elaboración de circulares y sillas artesanales. El principal objetivo fue identificar los conceptos matemáticos inmersos en la elaboración de los circulares y sillas artesanales. Esta investigación es realizada en Puerto Colombia, Atlántico en un taller dedicado a la elaboración de productos artesanales. La metodología empleada fue de tipo cualitativa fundamentada en la etnografía y con un diseño de estudio de casos. Las técnicas de recolección de información usadas fueron la de entrevista semiestructurada, observación participante, y registro audiovisual. Los referentes teóricos se basaron en el programa Etnomatemáticas. Los principales resultados son el uso de conceptos matemáticos como lo son circunferencia, punto medio, radio, simetría y uso de figuras geométricas. Mediante esta actividad artesanal, se puede llevar al salón de clases planes que contribuyan a la educación matemática y a la comprensión de los conceptos presentes.
Gamificación como estrategia didáctica para el fomento de la creatividad en el aula
Authors: Lezama Martinez Melissa , Baldovino Barrios Geriluz Fabiana , Gonzalez Torregroza Ana Milagro
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: La gamificación como estrategia didáctica es un reto que debe asumir el profesorado de hoy. Este trabajo tiene como finalidad analizar el impacto que ha tenido la gamificación en los entornos educativos y los aspectos que la constituyen, en relación con el desarrollo de la creatividad para fortalecer en el alumnado aprendizajes valiosos para sus vidas, a la vez, que se les siembra el interés y la motivación por aprender por sí solos. Método: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica en las siguientes bases de datos: Dialnet, Google académico y Redalyc en el idioma español entre los años 2014 hasta el 2022. A la hora de realizar la búsqueda de documentos no se restringió por el tipo de estudio o ciudad. Solo se tuvo en cuenta que estuvieran directamente relacionados con la educación. Resultados: Para la revisión de la literatura se escogieron 20 documentos. De los cuales 13 fueron artículos y los otros 7 fueron tesis de grado. La mayoría de estas literaturas escogidas trabajaron bajo el enfoque cualitativo, y España fue uno de los lugares de donde más se recolectaron trabajos en torno al tema. Los resultados demuestran la trascendencia del juego en la planeación, organización e implementación de una clase gamificada. Se comprueba el auge y la relevancia que está teniendo la aplicación de esta estrategia didáctica en las escuelas. Conclusiones: Las aulas que están innovando con la gamificación se les está haciendo notorio todas las habilidades, capacidades y destrezas que tanto estudiantes como docentes van adquiriendo durante el proceso. No cabe duda, que es el docente quien tiene la responsabilidad de reflexionar, coordinar y ejecutar un buen proceso de enseñanza, haciendo posible el desengranaje de los conocimientos y experiencias para formar aprendizajes significativos. El docente de este siglo amerita tener un pensamiento novedoso, divergente, creativo, reflexivo y crítico ante las situaciones presentadas en el aula. Aun así, también se contempla que muchos maestros no se han sumado a la transformación del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje provocando que se siga reproduciendo el modelo tradicional, que si bien, no es malo, para este siglo no es prometedor.
Dulces Matemáticas, más allá de las “aplicaciones” de las fracciones
Authors: Ruiz Turizzo Maria Paz , Pacheco Blanco Nacirys María , Aroca Araujo Armando Alex
Published: October 2024

El objetivo de la investigación consistió en analizar y comprender los conocimientos y procesos matemáticos que implementan los reposteros en la elaboración de pudines artesanales de frutas y su potencial aporte a la educación matemática. La metodología empleada fue de tipo cualitativa, de enfoque etnográfico, con método de recolección de información por medio de entrevistas semiestructuradas, observación participante y registro audiovisual. Para esta investigación se seleccionó una muestra de dos participantes, habitantes del barrio Carmen y el barrio la Playa. Se acordó un encuentro en su lugar de trabajo, en donde establecieron fecha y hora para realizar las entrevistas a dichos reposteros; quienes tienen una edad de 35 y 22 años respectivamente. Los resultados destacados se refieren a las fases de preparación de la masa, preparación del relleno y decoración del pudín. En estas fases, se evidencian diversos procesos matemáticos, incluyendo el uso de sistemas de medidas y escalas de temperaturas.
Estrategias de enseñanza para trabajar la diversidad en el aula de matemáticas: revisión sistemática
Authors: Pacheco Andrea , Blanquicett Jesús , Rivera Alexander
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Identificar y caracterizar, en las distintas investigaciones, las estrategias para trabajar la diversidad en las clases de matemática en educación básica y contribuir con el debate concerniente a los problemas actuales. Método: La presente investigación se basó en una revisión bibliográfica sistemática, por la cual se buscaron investigaciones relacionadas a las diversas estrategias para trabajar la diversidad en el aula desde distintas bases de datos. El periodo de revisión establecido fue de ocho años, desde 2015 hasta el 2023. Resultados: Las estrategias de enseñanza para trabajar la diversidad en el aprendizaje de las matemáticas se caracterizan por adaptarse a diferentes contextos y poblaciones, teniendo en cuenta aspectos sociales, cognitivos, emocionales y limitaciones físicas de los estudiantes. Hay cuatro aspectos fundamentales que se pueden destacar. En primer lugar, está el Diseño Universal de Aprendizaje (DUA) donde los maestros identifican las características de aprendizaje de los estudiantes y diseñan el plan de clase en base a estas características. En segundo lugar, se destaca la creación de espacios interactivos entre estudiantes, donde trabajan juntos en pequeños grupos. Por último, se utiliza una variedad de materiales para responder a los diferentes estilos de aprendizaje. Conclusiones: Los investigadores y profesionales han reconocido la importancia de abordar la diversidad en el aula, brindando oportunidades equitativas de aprendizaje a todos los estudiantes, sin importar sus características individuales. Se ha evidenciado que la implementación de enfoques inclusivos en la enseñanza de las matemáticas, como el uso de itinerarios de enseñanza, el diseño universal para el aprendizaje y el aprendizaje basado en problemas, puede potenciar el pensamiento matemático y fortalecer las habilidades de los estudiantes.
Interacción Humano-Inteligencia Artificial: Impactos Éticos del Uso de la IA en la Educación
Authors: Bianchi Maestre Damir Jonathan
Published: October 2024

El presente Articulo científico de revisión tiene como objetivo abordar las nuevas herramientas tecnológicas, con énfasis en la Inteligencia Artificial (IA), Orientado en la exploración sobre su impacto en la educación desde la ética. El uso en aumento de la IA ha creado una serie de desafíos para docentes y dilemas éticos, aún por resolver. Se destacan los desafíos éticos de integrar la inteligencia artificial en el aula, así como la necesidad de supervisión y capacitación ética para garantizar el uso responsable de esta tecnología. Se enfatiza la importancia de desarrollar herramientas de evaluación confiables y promover la integración ética de la inteligencia artificial en los procesos educativos. Además, se destacó el potencial transformador de la IA en la educación, pero también la importancia de gestionar este impacto con un sentido de responsabilidad y consideración de la epistemología humana y el desarrollo social.
Efectos del conflicto armado sobre el medio ambiente, un camino hacia su defensa y restauración
Authors: Anaya Dayana , Ortega Javier , Graus Yarin , Rodríguez Santiago
Published: October 2024

En este artículo se hará una revisión documental sobre cómo el medio ambiente es una de las principales víctimas y menos tenido en cuenta durante el conflicto armado, tanto en Colombia como en el resto del mundo, se estudiará cómo las acciones que se enfrentan durante este, no solo afectan a las personas y comunidades sino al bienestar de los ecosistemas. Por último, se estudiarán algunas acciones de restauración y reparación que ayuden a contrarrestar las consecuencias de los conflictos y brindar una protección al medio ambiente para preservar la biodiversidad y garantizar sostenibilidad a nuestro planeta.
Opportunities for implementing the bioeconomy in the pharmaceutical business
Authors: Будякова Олена , Пригарська Діана
Published: October 2024

This study examines the bioeconomy’s role in the pharmaceutical sector, emphasizing biotechnology’s impact and forecasts for biological products up to 2028. It highlights growth trends and significance, alongside employment and productivity metrics in 2015 and 2020. A case study on Gilead Sciences illustrates how biotechnology influences its  growth, and a flowchart outlines future bioeconomy development. The bioeconomy utilizes biological resources to create products that enhance environmental sustainability and human health. The dynamic pharmaceutical industry, focused on medication research and production, requires effective entrepreneurial coordination. Entrepreneurship is characterized by competitiveness, risk-taking, and market opportunities and intersects with bioeconomy and pharmaceuticals. It empowers pharmaceutical firms to develop eco-friendly, effective drugs and fosters collaboration essential for advancing biological innovations. By adopting bioeconomic principles, pharmaceutical companies can enhance public health and promote sustainable resource use.
Ernst Krenek’in “Twelve Short Pieces for Piano Op. 83 No.3 Walking on a Stormy Day” Eserine Yönelik Bir Analiz
Authors: Açıkgöz Mehmet Güneş
Published: October 2024

Müzikte modern dönemde on iki ton sistemini keşfeden Schönberg ve öğrencisi Webern, bu sistemi günümüze ulaştırmayı başarmıştır. Berlioz, Strauss ve Wagner gibi besteciler ise dönemlerinin ötesine geçmeye çalışmışlardır. Bu durum, modern dönemin geç romantik bestecilerle mi yoksa ilk modern bestecilerle mi başladığı sorusunu gündeme getirmektedir. Benzer şekilde, günümüz müziğinin modern mi yoksa postmodern mi olduğu da hâlâ tartışılmaktadır. Müzikal dönemlerin ayrımı, bestecilerin benimsedikleri akımlar, kullandıkları teknikler ve etkilendikleri bestecilere göre belirlenmektedir. Bu bağlamda Ernst Krenek, geç romantik ve modern dönemin on iki ton sistemi bestecileri arasında kendi tarzını bulmuş bir isim olarak çalışmanın odak noktasıdır. Krenek’in 1938'de bestelediği on iki ton sistemine dayalı on iki eserinden random yöntemiyle "Op. 83 No.3 Walking on a Stormy Day" adlı piyano eseri seçilmiş ve analiz edilmiştir. İçerik analizi yöntemi ile eser içerisinde kullanılan dizi keşfedilmiş, “prime” dizisi üzerinden matris tablosu oluşturulmuş ve eser içerisindeki seslerin düzeni tespit edilmiştir. Uygulanan analiz sonucunda bestecinin kullandığı on iki sesi kendi içinde kesişen seslerle birlikte beşerli gruplar halinde kullandığı, kontrpuan ve kanon tekniğinden yararlandığı ve eserin üç bölmeli sonat allegrosu formunda bestelendiği tespit edilmiştir. Krenek, bu eseriyle 20. yüzyılın müzikal dönüşümünü net bir şekilde ortaya koymaktadır.
ENVELHECIMENTO, SARCOPENIA E MASSA MUSCULAR: UM ESTUDO PILOTO EM TRABALHADORES RURAIS
Authors: Kunz Kauã Felipe , Rusch Maiara Helena , Ziemann Nicolas de Almeida , Schaefer Elias Augusto , Nepomuceno Patrik , Reckziegel Miriam Beatrís , Pohl Hildegard Hedwig
Published: October 2024

As atividades desenvolvidas pelos trabalhadores rurais estão relacionadas com a utilização da força física, podendo haver discrepâncias entre as tarefas ao considerar o sexo. Porém, há diferenças biológicas que podem influenciar na força muscular entre homens e mulheres. Assim, o objetivo descrever e comparar as características sociodemográficas e econômicas, força de preensão palmar (FPP), massa magra dos membros superiores e massa muscular esquelética em trabalhadores rurais em ambos os sexos. Estudo transversal, descritivo e analítico. As coletas foram realizadas com trabalhadores rurais do interior do Rio Grande do Sul. Foi obtido o perfil socioeconômico por meio de questionário próprio. A FPP foi avaliada no MSD e MSE utilizando dinamômetro manual. Os valores de MME e massa magra do MSD e MSE foram coletados por biompedanciometria. A amostra foi composta por 74 trabalhadores, destes, 41 homens. A escolaridade apresentou diferença entre os grupos (p= 0,014), bem como, a ingestão medicamentosa (p= 0,037), em que no grupo feminino a ingestão foi maior.  A diferença FPP do MSD e MSE foi significativa entre os grupos (p<0,001 e p<0,001, respectivamente), bem como, a massa magra de MSD e MSE (p<0,001 e p<0,001, respectivamente) e a MME (p<0,001), sendo que o grupo masculino apresentou melhores resultados. Portanto, homens e mulheres apresentaram níveis diferentes de escolaridade, e mulheres ingeriam medicamentos contínuos com maior frequência. Ainda, homens apresentavam maiores valores de FPP, de MME e massa magra de MSD e MSE, porém estes resultados podem ser influenciados por fatores relacionados ao sexo, abrangendo características fisiológicas e biológicas.
ABOUT THE GENESIS OF THE RIDGE-HOLLOW RELIEF IN THE SOUTH OF WESTERN SIBERIA
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Institute of Earth Sciences, Parshin Daniil O. , Ishchenko Mark A. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Institute of Earth Sciences
Published: October 2024

In the south of Western Siberia, predominantly in the territories of the Ishim Plain and Baraba Lowland, significant areas areoccupied by complexes of ridges and inter-ridge depressions elongated in a north-easterly direction. In the literature such forms of relief are called‘griva’ (ridges), and the type of relief – ridge-hollow.The key question in the study of these geomorphological complexes is related to their genesis. Among the numerous views on the originof these forms, there are two most popular groups of hypotheses, opposite in terms of the prevailing forming process they indicate, — aeolian andaqueous. Proponents of the first one insist on the decisive role of wind accumulation; the second one, omitting the variability of paleogeographicalconditions, considers all possible factors associated with the impact of water: accumulation, erosion, their combined effect, etc. It is worth notingthat many hypotheses either lack palaeogeographic references or are outdated. By analyzing the accumulated materials about this problem, as well as by comparing the ridge complexes with morphologically similarforms in other regions, we revealed discrepancies in the lithological description and morphology of ridge-hollow complexes within different hypotheses. The differences in a number of characteristics of individual ridge complexes have also been pointed out.Basing on the modern ideas about the paleogeographical conditions of the region, the identified differentiation of the ridge-hollow complexes, and taking into account the revealed discrepancies, we propose the polygenetic hypothesis to solve the problem of the genesis of the ridges,according to which the formation of the loessoid deposits, which make up the ridges, begins in the Middle Sartanian time (about 19 thousand yearsago) and occurs in the cryo-arid conditions. An arid climate leads to the development of active aeolian activity within drained lakes and shallowriver valleys; in addition, active cryogenic weathering leads to the grinding of material to the silty fraction, characteristic of the loessoids in thesouth of Western Siberia. The formation of dune relief is a consequence of these processes. The created ridge forms continue to be influenced bypermafrost processes. A further tendency toward climate mitigation, consisting primarily in increased wetness, causes the development of thermokarst processes and waterlogging of ridges located in lake hollows and flood plains of large river valleys. These transformations have a modelingeffect, smoothing out the shapes of the ridges and gradually bringing them closer to their modern outlines. The result is ridge-hollow complexes.
GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION OF BOTTOM SEDIMENTS IN SMALL LAKES OF THE SHOKSHA RIDGE, KARELIA, AS A PROXY FOR PALEO-HYDRODYNAMIC SEDIMENTATION ENVIRONMENTS
Authors:   Northern Water Problems Institute of the Karelian Research Centre RAS, Myasnikova Nadezda A. , Orlov Alexander V. ,   Northern Water Problems Institute of the Karelian Research Centre RAS,   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Potakhin Maxim S. ,   Northern Water Problems Institute of the Karelian Research Centre RAS,   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia,   Petrozavodsk State University, Subetto Dmitry A. ,   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia
Published: October 2024

The paper examines the grain size distribution of bottom sediments of lakes in the Shoksha Ridge area, Karelia, to elucidate howdeglaciation and formation of the Onego Ice Lake basin proceeded. A sequence of bottom sediments of Lake Anashkino and two sediment sequences of Lake Rzhanoe were studied, and lithostratigraphy of the sediment cores was described. The grain size compositions of the 9.32-10.32m sequence from Lake Anashkino and the 2.5-6.52 m sequence from Lake Rzhanoye were analyzed. The study revealed features of the bottomsediment fractions distribution along the depth of occurrence. Paleo-hydrodynamic sedimentation environments were identified using grain sizeanalysis. Lake Anashkino bottom sediments of a 9.96–10.31 m horizon, represented by silt and fine-grained sand, were deposited under conditions of highly dynamic shallowing (decrease in the water level of Onego Ice Lake). The upper part of sediments (9.32–9.92 m), represented by clayey silt mixed with fine-grained sand, accumulated under weak flow conditions. Paleo-hydrodynamic sedimentationenvironments in Lake Rzhanoye were characterized by alternation of highflow conditions (5.36-6.23 m, 6.31-6.32 m, 6.47-6.48 m) and weak flowconditions (2.50-4.88 m, 6.28-6.29 m, 6.30-6.31 m, 6.37-6.45 m, 6.51-6.52 m). This is possibly due to the dynamics of the decrease in the waterlevel of Onego Ice Lake and the formation of small isolated lakes.In the process of the formation of bottom sediments of small lakes of the Shoksha Ridge during the period of intensive changes in thelandscapes, outlines and levels of Onego Ice Lake at the transition from the late Pleistocene to Holocene, against a shift from nival to humid climate,we note a change in sedimentation conditionsin the bottom sediments of the two studied lakes – Anashkino and Rzhanoe – from highly dynamic(flowing conditions, decrease in water level of Onego Ice Lake) to weakly flowing, in the conditions of isolation of the lakes and formation ofmodern small lakes.
LANDSCAPE PECULIARITIES OF GEOSITES (A CASE STUDY OF MOUNTAINOUS ADYGEYA)
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Mikhailenko Anna V. , Ruban Dmitry A. ,   Southern Federal University
Published: October 2024

Physico-geographical constituents of geological heritage attract significant research interest. However, despite the increasingattention of Russian and foreign science, many of them are yet to be adequately studied. The present research aims to analyze thelandscape peculiarities of geosites (the principal in-situ form of geological heritage) of Mountainous Adygeya, which is a large centerof geodiversity in the western part of the Greater Caucasus. The work is based on the materials collected during many years of investigations. We distinguished the principal types of landscapes in the study area and established their presence in each of seventeengeosites. The distribution of the landscape types in the geosites taken as a whole and the landscape diversity in each of them areexamined. The relevant values are corrected taking into account the size of the geosites. The results of the study indi cate that amongthe five principal landscape types, the most distributed ones are natural-anthropogenic and low-mountainous with deciduous forests,while the least distributed are high-mountainous landscapes with meadows. Taking into account the size of the geosites allowsnoting a relatively wide distribution of landscapes of two other types, namely middle-mountainous landscapes with mixed forestsand floodplains with meadows. The diversity of the landscape peculiarities of the geosites of Mountainous Adyg eya is limited, butit increases in the largest of them (for instance, the Lagonaki Highland includes four landscape types). Although the uneven distribution of the geosites in the study area influences the representation of landscapes, the entire geological heritage of Mountainous Adygeyaperfectly reflects the region’s natural peculiarities and their diversity. From the practical point of view, the research results appear to be important for planning and organizing geotouristic activities (including marketing purposes) and can also be used for practicaltraining at universities.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF APPROACHES IN THE UNDERSTANDING AND DEVELOPMENT OF AGRITOURISM AND RURAL TOURISM
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Borzenkov Alexander V.
Published: October 2024

The article deals with the problem of interpreting the terms rural tourism and agritourism. The key objectives ofthe study are to define the terms and distinguish between these concepts. Agritourism is the basis for the development of tou ristand recreational services provided on farms. With the widening range of tourist and recreational services, agritourism turns intorural tourism and integrates into the tourist and recreational complex. The great importance of research in agriculture and r uralareas is known, but there are no works aimed at solving the problem of the integration development of agritourism, rural tourismas a combination of agro-industrial and tourist-recreational complexes in Russia. In the tourist and recreational complex, consumerpreferences are becoming more complex and oriented toward agritourism, more and more farmers consider agritourism as the mainor additional type of activity. Currently, agritourism is of great scientific interest. The present research was based on an analysis ofpublications of Russian and foreign authors with the use of the comparative method. The result of the work is the developed t erminology.
HIDDEN HARMONIC FLUCTUATIONS OF ANNUAL RIVER FLOW: THE POSSIBILITY AND EXPEDIENCY OF IDENTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT
Authors:   Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO University), Shpakova Raisa N.
Published: October 2024

The article shows the possibility and necessity of revealing hidden harmonic fluctuations of long-term runoff throughthe example of two rivers in Eastern Siberia.Identification of the harmonic component in the series of annual river flow is necessary for a number of reasons:– to determine the potential statistical predictability of the series;– for a correct assessment of the main trend of the long-term flow dynamics;– to reduce the limits of uncertainty during the assessment of future changes in annual runoff in the absence of long-termforecasting techniques.Finally, the accumulation and generalization of data on the patterns of long-term fluctuations in runoff over the entire surfaceof the Earth is, probably, one of the ways to identify global patterns and the development of hydrometeorological phenomena in general.In the case under consideration, the presence of a harmonic component was revealed grapho-analytically, including by meansof visual analysis of graphs of long-term fluctuations, followed by selection of an analytical expression of the function. Then the qualityof approximation by harmonic and linear functions, as well as by the norm, was compared, which showed the advantage of the former. Along with the grapho-analytic method, the calculation procedures of the autocorrelation function and spectral analysis wereapplied to the calculation series. In both cases considered in the article, these calculations confirmed the presence of a harmonic component with similar periodicity values.It is concluded that the applied methods, despite the limitations and disadvantages characteristic of each method, taken together,make it possible to identify annual runoff series with a pronounced harmonic component.
MAXILLOFACIAL RADIOLOGY Emergent panoramic artefact in dental radiology: Footprint of COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Tshite Koketso
Published: October 2024

The unprecedented educational challenges presented by the COVID-19 pandemic continue to offer opportunities to update, improve and strengthen the dental curriculum. Intra-oral radiographic methods were restricted during the COVID-19 pandemic due to their aerosol-generating nature, which resulted in extra-oral radiographs being predominantly used.1The strict usage of face masks during the pandemic, which continues to date, emerged a new patient preparation error in dental radiology.
Editorial Introduction
Authors: Editors The
Published: October 2024

The choice of the concept of “resistance” to the inaugural issue of Aion. Journal of Philosophy and Science is no accident. It comes in line with Aion’s commitment to developing its critical activity and presence in the public space.
HLA-DRB1*01 predicts treatment outcome in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: A retrospective-prospective cohort study
Authors: Čengić Adisa , Hasanbegović Sniježana , Hamza Izeta , Suljić Tarik , Selmanović Velma , Đozo Aida , Fejzić Elma , Zečević-Pašić Lamija , Džananović Nejra
Published: October 2024

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease in childhood, significantly contributing to both short- and long-term disability. While certain human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II alleles are known to be associated with specific subgroups of JIA, emerging evidence suggests a strong correlation between these alleles and treatment response. This study involved 143 JIA patients diagnosed according to International League of Associations for Rheumatology criteria. Each patient underwent HLA class II typing, including HLA-B27, as well as tests for rheumatoid factor (RF) and antinuclear antibodies (ANA). Comprehensive rheumatological assessments were conducted at diagnosis, with follow-ups at three and six months post-onset. After six months of methotrexate (MTX) treatment, patients were categorized as responders or non-responders. Responders achieved clinically inactive disease based on the American College of Rheumatology Provisional Criteria for Defining Clinical Inactive Disease and Clinical Remission. Non-responders, who did not reach clinically inactive disease after six months of treatment, required the addition of another non-biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) or a biological DMARD. Our analysis revealed that the HLA-DRB1*01 allele is a significant prognostic marker for therapeutic response, predicting therapeutic resistance (P=0.01). The most prevalent HLA-DRB1 alleles in the treatment-resistant group were HLA-DRB1*08:11 (11.3%), HLA-DRB1*01:01 (8.5%), HLA-DRB1*01:13, HLA-DRB1*04:11 (7%), HLA-DRB1*08:13, and HLA-DRB1*08:15 (4.2%). These findings highlight the critical role of HLA class II alleles in pediatric rheumatology, particularly in relation to treatment response and disease prognosis. In the era of personalized medicine, understanding the genetic contributions to treatment response and outcomes in JIA patients is essential. A key limitation of this study was the lack of comparison of treatment responses across different JIA subtypes. Future studies should prioritize evaluating MTX efficacy within specific JIA subgroups to enable a more tailored understanding of its effectiveness.
21. Yüzyıl’da Transatlantik Yapı İçerisinde Güç Dengelerinde Yaşanan Değişim
Authors: Tokatlı Seda Gözde
Published: October 2024

Çift kutuplu yapının sona ermesiyle uluslararası yapı içerisinde ortaya çıkan güç boşluğu ABD tarafından ikame edilmiş, ABD uluslararası sistemi yönlendiren ve şekillendiren bir devlet olmuştur. Transatlantik ittifak içerisinde uzun yıllar var olan kolektif işbirliği anlayışı liderlerin değişen dış politikaları, ulusal çıkar kavramının değer kavramına görece daha fazla önem kazanması ve sistemik değişkenlerin varlığı ile değişikliğe uğramıştır. Değişen uluslararası konjonktür, liberalizm karşıtı artan eylemler veya devletlerin güç kapasitelerinde yaşanan dönüşüm transatlantik ittifak içerisinde yeni sorunları ortaya çıkarmıştır. Bu çalışmada, Avrupa Birliği ve ABD arasındaki müttefiklik ilişkisinin sistemik değişkenler çerçevesinde nasıl bir değişim içerisine girdiğini, çıkar temelli dış politikanın artan önemini, krize giren bu yenidünya düzeni içerisinde özellikle yükselmekte olan güç Çin’in artan etkisi bu çerçevede değerlendirilecektir. Bu çalışma, ABD yönetiminde söz sahibi olan liderlerin aldığı kararların transatlantik ittifak ilişkine etkilerini, sistem içerisinde devletlerin güç politikalarında yaşanan değişimi ve ya sistemi değiştirme yönünde çaba içerisine giren devletlerin Batı ittifak ilişkisine olağan etkisini ortaya koyacaktır.
Az elvesztett illúziók nyomában
Authors: Tóth Judit
Published: October 2024

Vizi Balázs: Európai kaleidoszkóp. Az Európai Unió és a kisebbségek. [Budapest:] L’Harmattan Kiadó, 2013. 187 oldal. (Föld-rész könyvek)