bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chinese Economic Development in the Next 20 Years
Authors: Li Liang-Xin
Published: February 2018

In this paper, Chinese economic development is discussed in detail. The 5 major strategies are investigated thoroughly: 1) Speed-maintaining strategies. In this strategies, China must hold a suitable high speed economic growth rate in order to fully use Chinese manpower and world economic opportunities; 2)Healthy economy strategy. By designing and making all effective policies, China must strive to keep Chinese economy in a healthy and controllable status. 3) Competiveness strategy. For this strategy to be effective, China have to push up the RD mechanism to pave the way for technology innovation and encourage companies to use and invent new skills and products to develop a higher level living conditions for Chinese people. 4) People’s quality enhancement. To make Chinese economy a high speed and competitive for a long run, it is vital to enhance Chinese people’s scientific knowledge and skills, especially the modern information technology skills, in this way, Chinese population will be a huge pool for the innovation not the obstacles. 5) Balanced development strategy. All economic related factors must be balanced for a sustainable growth. In the context, the detail procedures and methods are outlined and discussed.
Parental Acceptance-Rejection, Childhood Trauma, Emotion Regulation, and Psychological Adjustment as the Risk Factors of Psychopathic Tendencies in Adolescents of Pakistan
Authors: Walayat Saba , Butt Mussaffa
Published: February 2018

The present study aimed to explore the psychopathic tendencies in relation to childhood trauma, psychological adjustment, emotion regulation and parental patterns of acceptance-rejection towards their adolescents and the influence of demographic variables in socio-cultural context of Pakistan. Translated versions of Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire; Child PARQ, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Personality Assessment Questionnaire, Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, Youth Psychopathic Trait Inventory and bio-data form containing information regarding different demographic variables were used in order to collect the data from the participants. The sample consisted of 600 adolescents (281 males; 319 females) with age ranged between 13 and 17 were selected with convenient random sampling from different private and public schools of the three major cities of Punjab; Lahore, Gujrat and Sialkot. The results indicated psychological maladjustment as the most significant predictor of psychopathic tendencies. However, emotion regulation appeared to be as the most significant predictor of psychopathic tendencies in male adolescents and parental acceptance-rejection (mother) in female adolescents. The results further indicated that age, father’s education and profession, mother’s education and monthly income are significant determinants of psychopathic tendencies in participants of the study.
Modelling of IPO Underpricing in Bangladesh
Authors: Khan Faysal Ahmad , Chowdhury Tasruma Sharmeen
Published: February 2018

This study shows the degree of underpricing in initial public offering in Bangladesh and the relationship of underpricing with some company specific and issue specific variables. To measure the degree of underpricing both initial return (IR) and market adjusted initial returns (MAIR) have been used. The study reveals 284% average initial return and 266% average market adjusted return for the first listing day of the IPOs for the period 2007 to 2016. Regression analysis is used to find the relationship between various predictor variables and underpricing. The regression analysis depicts that issue price, oversubscription, market return and size of the firm have significant effect on initial return. Similarly, market adjusted initial return is also influenced by issue price, oversubscription and size of the firm have significant effect over. The study found that issue size, age of the firm, floating percentage of share has very little relationship with underpricing in Bangladesh.
A Comparative Analysis between Commercial Banks and Insurance Companies in Bangladesh on the basis of Capital Structure
Authors: Moniruzzaman Md.
Published: February 2018

This research aims to compare the capital structure of Bangladeshi commercial banks and insurance companies. This research tries to identify how debt-equity mix influences firm performance in banks and insurance companies in Bangladesh. The annual financial statements of 10 commercial banks and 10 insurance Companies were used for this study which covers a period of five (5) years from 2011-2015. The study assesses the capital structure of the commercial banks and insurance companies measured by total debt to equity ratio (DER), total debt to total funds ratio and performance by ROE, ROA, and EPS. Descriptive statistics, t-test have been used to show the differences between commercial banks and insurance companies capital structure and performance. However this study concludes that there is no significant difference between Bank and insurance companies EPS& ROE but there is a significant difference between Bank and insurance company’s D/A ratio, D/E ratio and ROA. We have tried to find out the significances of capital structure on depository and non-depository financial institutions from this study.
The Impact of Cultural Similarity and Social Network Characteristics on Re-Expatriation Intention Among Self-Initiated Academic Expatriates
Authors: Abdel-Rahman Gheath Mahmoud , A/L Sri Ramalu Subramaniam , A/L Subramaniam Chandrakantan
Published: February 2018

This conceptual paper sheds light on re-expatriation intention among self-initiated academic expatriates who have completed their international assignments, and returned their home country and then intended to re-expatriate to have another experience in the host country by their own initiatives. Cultural similarity and social network characteristics which involve size, closeness and frequency appeared to have a significant impact on the expatriates' decisions to move abroad for the first time. Therefore, these variables are predicted in the study to be associated with their intentions to re-expatriate. Push-pull theory is utilized in this paper to better understanding the impact of cultural similarity and social network characteristics on re-expatriation intention among academic SIEs. Thus, this study contributes to fill the gap in literature by addressing the influence of cultural similarity and social network characteristics on re-expatriation intention.
An Interpretation and Brief Synopsis as a Historical Text of Scroll 8 HEV1 from the Dead Sea Scrolls as a Physical Object
Authors: Kraus Peter
Published: February 2018

Please see the abstract within the article.
The Flexibility Imperative, the Transformation of the Building, and the “Unbecoming” of the Traditional Interior
Authors: Popov Lubomir
Published: February 2018

A shift toward the post-modern in the humanities has fostered novel discourses on spatial phenomena including the production of space, the spatialization of society and culture, and the becoming of interiors. A recent debate on the unbecoming of interior had both puzzled me and encouraged me to explore further and to reinterpret emerging ideas in the interior design academic community. These new developments generate opportunities for investigating spatial phenomena in unconventional and novel ways, construing them as products of changing social practices rather than technical action or artistic serendipity. The problem of this study is the unbecoming of interior as a result of the new sociocultural realities. These realities have led to the unbecoming of the conventional building and in effect, the unbecoming of the interior the way society construes it today. The methodology utilizes a Symbolic Interactionist perspective and a case study approach. The paper interprets the becoming and unbecoming of interior as a dialectical processes of developing and changing relationships between types of spatialities and human agency with respect to particular sociocultural context. The findings highlight how the concerns with social indeterminacy and unpredictability translate into a requirement for building flexibility and then into the unbecoming of conventional spatial paradigms and the interior the way we know it today. These ideas spur questions about the nature and purpose of buildings and interiors, the relationships between them, and the role of impending cultures in the production of new kinds of spatialities.
Giorgio Vasari and Niccolò Machiavelli’s Medicean Appetite for Peace and Glory
Authors: Cheney Liana
Published: February 2018

This study examines the literary and visual connections between war and peace as a cultural diplomacy made by both Niccolò Machiavelli (1469-1527) and Giorgio Vasari (1511-1574). The approach here is iconographical, focusing on three points. First, Machiavelli’s notions of condottiere, virtù, and war and peace in The Art of War (1521) are discussed in relation to Renaissance imagery, particularly in that produced as a result of Medicean patronage. Second, Vasari’s battle cycle in the Salone dei Cinquecento of the Palazzo Vecchio (1555-60) in Florence is examined within the context of peace as revealed in Renaissance art and emblems. Finally, Vasari’s assimilation of Machiavelli’s notions of the art of war are interpreted in relation to the painting cycle, which visually embodies the paradox of war and peace discussed in Machiavelli’s writing.  
Study of Ornaments in the Inkulturatif Pangururan Catholic Church in Samosir, North Sumatera
Authors: Sitindjak Ronald Hasudungan Irianto , Wardani Laksmi Kusuma , Thamrin Diana
Published: February 2018

In the early 1900s, Catholic missionaries arrrived on Batak land in North Sumatera, Indonesia and initiated the process of inculturation, which was subsequently marked by the adaptation of Catholic teachings with the Batak traditional culture. The adaptation involved the liturgy, music and others, inculding the architecture and interior design of their places of worship that continued even to the Modern times. This research aims to discover the meaning behind the ornaments on the exterior and interior of the Inkulturatif Pangururan Catholic Church in Samosir, North Sumatera, as a result of this inculturation process, through Panofsky’s research method known as Iconology. The elements analyzed include the façade, enclosure elements, transitional elements and filling elements. Results show that the ornaments contain various meanings inculturated from Catholic culture having biblical and theological themes incorporated into Batak Toba stylized ornamental forms. This shows that the goodness, truth and beauty of the Catholic faith had honored and adapted their teachings to the local wisdom and culture such that what appears in the implementation of the ornaments is a novel creative beauty and an embodiment of inculturation.  
Building Visual Artists’ Resilience Capabilities: Current Educator Strategies and Methods
Authors: Siddins Eileen Maree , Daniel Ryan , Johnstone Robert
Published: February 2018

Enrolments in higher education programs in the creative and performing arts are increasing in many countries. Yet graduates of these degrees, who enter the broad sector known as the creative industries, face particular challenges in terms of securing long-term and sustainable employment. In addition, creative and performing artists face a range of mental challenges, caused by such factors as: the solitary nature of much creative practice, critical feedback by audiences and gatekeepers, or the general pressures associated with maintaining artistic relevance or integrity. The concepts of resilience and professional wellbeing are therefore highly relevant to those who pursue a career in creative industries, and while there has been an emerging body of work in this area, to date it has focussed on the performing arts area (e.g. music, theatre). Hence, in order to expand knowledge relevant to resilience and artists, this paper sets out to explore the extent to which current educators in the Australian context specifically address these issues within higher visual arts curricula; specifically the areas of illustration, design, film and photography. This was achieved via interviews with seventeen current academics working in these areas. The findings propose that higher education providers of programs in the visual arts consider placing a stronger emphasis on the embedded development of resilience and professional wellbeing capacities.
The Ethics of Desire in Gertrude Stein’s “Melanctha”: A Lacanian Reading
Authors: Kim Narim
Published: February 2018

The heroine of Gertrude Stein’s “Melanctha,” the centerpiece story of her Three Lives (2006), is an unconventional character whose “wandering” entails involving herself in relationships with both men and women. As her lover Jefferson, contrary to Melanctha, on the other hand sets as “ethical” goal in life and strives to be “good,” there has persisted a tendency in readings of the story to read Jefferson and his classically Aristotelian moral values as superior to Melanctha. The objective of this article is to overturn this conclusion and reinstate Melanctha as ethical, through the framework of Lacanian psychoanalysis. Specifically, I will point to how Jefferson is in fact immersed in a false belief in the wholeness of the Symbolic, which is something that Melanctha continuously doubts. Melanctha refuses Jefferson’s attempts to decipher her and instead continuously heads towards the beyond of language, towards the “evil” real thing. Unobtainable as this real thing may be, “wandering” towards it while ever questioning what it may be is what Lacan claims is “ethical.” As Melanctha remains a subject who does not know, while also inviting readers to “wander” with her, she is Lacan’s ethical subject.
“Family secrets.” The Difficulties of Remembering and the Distortion of Memories in a Contemporary Hungarian Novel
Authors: Karizs Krisztina
Published: February 2018

The concept of memory and the process of remembering is an interesting and important topic in numerous theoretical and literary works since ancient Greece. Memory studies connect scholars from different fields such as philosophy, literary theory, cognitive and neuroscience, and psychology, while the uncharted processes of our brain and the often paradoxical characteristics of memories have inspired writers throughout the world. Their work and research resulted in — among others — autobiographies, family novels, or trauma fiction. In my research, I concentrate on the psychological aspects of memory studies and analyse how certain disturbances in the process of remembering and ‘special’ mental states (such as dissociation or post-traumatic stress disorder) form or deform narrative and result in particular narrative strategies. In my current paper, I analyse a contemporary family novel by a famous Hungarian writer, Krisztián Grecsó, Mellettem elférsz (There is space beside me), which was published in 2011. The plot concerns the life of a young man who attempts to imbue his life with meaning, and while doing so, seeking out the lost memories of his ancestors. In my analysis, I propose three core problems: Firstly, I give a brief description of the connection between memories and personal identity and examine if exact knowledge of the past is needed to retain a stable identity. Secondly, I argue if it is possible to retrieve the aforementioned knowledge. And lastly, I analyse the variables that possibly cause the disturbance in remembering and the distortion of the family history as pictured by Grecsó in his novel.
Balance Toward Language Mastery
Authors: Heslinga Virginia R.
Published: February 2018

Problems in attaining language mastery with students from diverse language backgrounds and levels of ability confront educators around the world. Experiments, research, and experience see positive effects of adding sign language in communication methods to pre-school and K-12 education. Augmentative, alternative, interactive, accommodating, and enriching strategies using sign language aid learners in balancing the skills needed to mastery of one language or multiple languages. Theories of learning that embrace play, drama, motion, repetition, socializing, and self-efficacy connect to the options for using sign language with learners in inclusive and mainstream classes. The methodical use of sign language by this researcher-educator over two and a half decades showed signing does build thinking skills, add enjoyment, stimulate communication, expand comprehension, increase vocabulary acquisition, encourage collaboration, and helps build appreciation for cultural diversity.
Investigating Creativity in Graphic Design Education from Psychological Perspectives
Authors: Alhajri Salman Amur
Published: February 2018

The role of creativity in graphic design education has been a central aspect of graphic design education. The psychological component of creativity and its role in graphic design education has not been given much importance. The present research would attempt to study ‘creativity in graphic design education from psychological perspectives’. A thorough review of literature would be conducted on graphic design education, creativity and its psychological aspects. Creativity is commonly defined as a ‘problem solving’ feature in design education. Students of graphic design have to involve themselves in the identification of cultural and social elements. Instruction in the field of graphic design must be aimed at enhancing the creative abilities of the student. The notion that creativity is a cultural production is strengthened by the problem solving methods employed in all cultures. Most cultures regard creativity as a process which leads to the creation of something new. Based on this idea, a cross-cultural research was conducted to explore the concept of creativity from Arabic and Western perspective. From a psychological viewpoint, the student’s cognition, thinking patterns and habits also have a role in knowledge acquisition. The field of graphic design is not equipped with a decent framework which necessitates certain modes of instruction; appropriate to the discipline. The results of the study revealed that the psychological aspect of creativity needs to be adequately understood in order to enhance creativity in graphic design education.
The Problem of Multiplicity of Insurance Contracts from the Fire to the Money of the Insured in the Jordanian Civil Law
Authors: Al Shatanawi Dr. Nabeel Farhan
Published: February 2018

The insured, in some cases the conclusion of more than a decade of insurance against risk of fire to more than insurance companies, so as to increase the total amount of insurance cover for the value of the money of the insured, what is the extent of commitment by all insurance companies to pay compensation when the risk of fire? This study sheds light on the position of the Jordanian legislature to demonstrate the shortcomings and imperfections in the drawback of legislative texts the issue of multiple insurance contracts from the fire, and realized the need to restore the Jordanian legislature consideration of this legislative regulation in terms of the need to distinguish between the insurer and the good faith and bad faith in the case of multiple insurance contracts and their impact on the right to obtain compensation when the danger, and the provisions of the commitment of the insured to notify the insurance company in multiple insurance contracts.             

 
The Use of Language Variation in Narrating the Story of Lahilote by Students with Physical Disability at an Exceptional School in Gorontalo City
Authors: Hinta Ellyana
Published: February 2018

Language is the most important communication tool that has various functions to be used in people’s interaction. It is essentially utilized in every aspect of life in which there will be no good movement without a language. The same language used differently by some people is known as language variation that also takes place at an exceptional school (henceforth called as ES) in Gorontalo City, particularly the students with a physical disability. For that reason, this study aims to describe the use of language variation by the students with a physical disability at ES in Gorontalo City. Sociolinguistics theory about the use of language variation becomes the guideline of this study, and it refers to the speaker’s language variation viewed by (1) lexical choice; (2) sentence; (3) intonation and (4) plot suitability.  The result finally shows that the use of language variation by the students with a physical disability is based on the speaker’s lexical choice, sentence arrangement, intonation, and plot suitability.

 
Approaching Reading Development through Children’s Literature: Insights from A Case Study of the University Student with Low English Proficiency
Authors: Huang Cheng-Fang
Published: February 2018

This paper reports a case study exploring the feasibility of using children’s literature for EFL (English as a Foreign Language) reading development. In the test-oriented educational environment, Taiwanese students tend to perceive reading as a task to pass tests. This study attempts to propose another path to facilitate the reading development, especially for those who are less proficient in English. Focusing on one university EFL learner with low English proficiency, the report provides in-depth description of her reading obstacles and progress while engaging in reading English children’s literature. Findings of the reading sessions showed that the learner (1) improved the oral reading fluency, (2) acquired better awareness of pronunciation rules, and (3) developed better reading comprehension. The result of this case study suggests a supplementary path for the EFL reading development of similar learners: free voluntary reading of children’s literature complemented with proper scaffolding and corresponding instruction tailored to individual learner’s needs.
How Could Prison Products Come into the International Market? Analysis of the Consistency between WTO and ILO Rules
Authors: Shang Xixue , Limberghen Guido Van
Published: February 2018

Nowadays, in many countries, a increasing number of private companies resort to prison labor. In fact, inmates work more and more for private undertakings both inside and outside prison. In consideration of private companies generally engaged in international trade, prison labor thus participate in global supply chains. Then under such circumstances, there is a developing trend that prison economy is being marketed internationally. Nevertheless, there are some institutional barriers in international trade policies, such as WTO rules, which in principle prohibit prison labor product coming into international market. This research aims to discuss the possibility of exports of prison products in international trade market within WTO/GATT framework. In terms of prisoners’ labor rights protection, by exploring the consistency of WTO rule with ILO standard, the research intends to find the possibility of prison labor product being accepted by the international market. Feasibility analysis is developed in the research to propose constructive suggestion for an open question in the international law.
Haim Gouri and the Ghetto Fighters’ House Holocaust Trilogy Movies
Authors: Mayer Gabriel
Published: February 2018

Between 1974 and 1985 The Ghetto Fighters’ House [Museum} collaborated with one of Israel’s best known literary figure-poet, journalist and screenwriter-Haim Gouri and together produced three movies about the Holocaust which were based upon a collection of excellent documentary materials. Known as the Holocaust Trilogy, the first film earned an Oscar nomination for best documentary, a feat not matched until 40 years later. Today, we see a remarkable resurgence of these works and this article will explore why this increase in interest is occurring.
An Introduction to Concept and Evolution of the Guardstone and Its Architectural Visualization of the Contemporary Religious and Cultural Diversities
Authors: Amarasekara Sasni
Published: February 2018

This specific study deals with a unique piece of Buddhist architecture, the Guardstone found almost in every part of ancient kingdoms in Sri Lanka spanning from Anuradhapura to Kandy period significantly. The Guardstone is an excellent piece of structure placed on either side of the first step of the flight of stairs at the entrance of ancient religious buildings or palaces in Sri Lanka. The origin of this architectural masterpiece is still to determine. Nevertheless, it is widely accepted in an evolutionary point of view that the guardstone has passed through several developmental stages from a simple slab to a highly sophisticated artifact in its dimensions, complexity and artistry. The numerous inclusions as well as exclusions from time to time to this artifact still remain uncertain as to whether they were due to secular or ecclesiastical reasons or simply due to the creators own culture influenced imagination. This study will peruse all the possible evidence that are available architecturally and to develop a logical reasoning for any identifiable characteristic and to elucidate with reasonable legitimacy as to how and why such a character is present or absent in a particular guardstone. This study in no way has any intention of rejecting or amending any proposition available at present but will pursue its best to shed light only on the attributes of a guardstone and to concentrate on the diversities of this beautiful monastic artifact that deserves serious academic study and meticulous aesthetic evaluation.
Analysed with Shanghai international fashion the development of creative industry
Authors: Ma Jinjin , Hu Yue
Published: February 2018

Rapid development of economy, and promote people to enter the era of knowledge economy. Under this background, the global economy especially the economic model of developed countries began to industrial restructuring and structural adjustment, and fashion creative industry economy is the product of the change. It embodies a nation in such aspects as culture, science and technology and creative design of soft power, to some extent, also represents a national industry's international competitiveness, is one of the most important industry in the development of leading industry. In the globalization trend of strengthening, today, the increasingly fierce competition in the international fashion scale and degree, the development of creative industry has become a measure of a country or a city comprehensive competitiveness of one of the important symbol. Therefore, many countries and regions all over the industry as a strategic industry and pillar industry to develop. Along with the rapid economic and social development as well as the consumer demand is rising, fashion creative industry gradually become Shanghai currently one of the most promising new industries. Especially in the face of the global economic downturn, China's transformation of the mode of development environment, development fashion creative industry will help speed up the Shanghai industrial structure transformation, beneficial to stimulate consumer demand, to improve the Shanghai international influence, for the Shanghai a new round of development, the construction of "four centers" and one of the breach of the international metropolis.
A Mathematical Phenomenon in the Quran of Earth-Shattering Proportions: A Quranic Theory Based On Gematria Determining Quran Primary Statistics (Words, Verses, Chapters) and Revealing Its Fascinating Connection with the Golden Ratio
Authors: Al-Faqih Khaled M. S.
Published: February 2018

As Almighty God has promised to protect the Quran from alteration, corruption or distortion. Historically, the scripture of the Quran has been subjected to various intense mathematically-based studies to reveal the protection mechanisms embedded in the composition of the Quran and to provide evidence of its credibility, authenticity and divinity. Indeed, this study has discovered a mathematical framework in the Quran based on gematria (Abjad numerals) that provides substantial evidence of Quran’s divine authorship and its perfect protection from human tampering. Essentially, this study has proposed a new research direction in numerological studies of the Quran. This study is textually based on the text delivered to Prophet Muhammad and drawn using the primary 28 alphabets of the Arabic language (Uthmanic manuscript), the 112 un-numbered Basmalahs and the names of the Quran chapters. A numerical value (70.44911244) which is referred to in this study as the Quran Constant (QC) was derived to represent the mathematical design of the Quran. The Quran Constant has been found to be fundamental to the current study, whereby the Quran Constant manifests in all derived mathematical equations. The ratio of the total number of chapters in the Quran (114) which represents the physical design of the Quran divided by the Quran Constant (70.44911244) which represents the mathematical design of the Quran gives 1.6181893; it is amazingly almost equal to the golden ratio. This study has also discovered that Almighty God embedded mathematical equations in the composition of the Quran that can easily lead to determination of the Quran’s primary statistics (words, verses and chapters). This study has admirably discovered three elegant mathematical equations that determine the total number of words, verses and chapters with great accuracy. More importantly, letters/word ratio calculated in this study can be practically seen as a validation criterion of both the total number of letters and the total number of words in the Quran. Finally, what does this proof? It proves that the Quran’s miraculous mathematical structure discovered in this study provides unequivocal mathematical proof that the Quran was divinely authored and has been perfectly preserved from the day it was revealed. Indeed, we are witnessing a mathematical phenomenon of earth-shattering proportions~ a miracle beyond earthly justification and human comprehension.
Converging the Curriculum Designer’s Intentions into a Foreign Language Classroom
Authors: Tanaka-Ellis Nobue
Published: February 2018

In any educational institutions, designing curricula would be one of the most important processes for educating students with coherence and efficiency. They are also tools for institutions to make their teaching philosophy visible to their students and teachers. This research analyses how a foreign language class was constructed from two different perspectives: 1) how the curriculum shaped the class under study (macro-level analysis); and 2) how the environment formed the class (micro-level analysis). This study can be considered as a sequel to my previous study that looked at differences in on-task behaviour in two compulsory English classes for Japanese undergraduate students, taught in different environments: a regular classroom and a computer room. The result showed that the environmental differences altered their learning behaviour. Leading on from the previous study, this study investigated why there were differences in learning behaviour and how these differences emerged by looking at the teachers and their students’ interpretations of the curriculum. The study used a new analytical tool in the field of language education, Actor-Network Theory, for analysing the influence that the human and nonhuman (i.e., computers, syllabus) actors had in between. These actors were mapped to visualise the actions caused by the influence to capture how the course was designed and executed. The maps revealed that the curriculum was altered by the teacher and the students, mainly due to the environment they were in. The paper concludes with some suggestions to improve the relationship between the curriculum and its stakeholders.
Emotional Design,The Revolution of Food
Authors: Rongrong Xu , Shiyi Xu
Published: February 2018

The essence of design is to make the world better, the same to food design. Through the definition and the popular trend of food design, article focuses on the people’s emotional interaction with food visual design and sustainable design of food. When the "food" which is basic activities of human beings combine with art, it shows different design charm, at the same time, also called on people to reduce food waste.
Framing Gangnam Style
Authors: Yoon Hyunsun Catherine , Yu Sae Kyung , Yoo Seung Hee
Published: February 2018

This paper examines the way in which news about Gangnam Style was framed in the Korean press. First released on 15th July 2012, it became the first video to pass two billion views on YouTube. 400 news articles between July 2012 and March 2013 from two South Korean newspapers - Chosun Ilbo and Hankyoreh were analyzed using the frame analysis method in five categories: industry/economy, globalization, cultural interest, criticism, and competition. The right-left opinion cleavage is important because news frames interact with official discourses, audience frames and prior knowledge which consequently mediate effects on public opinion, policy debates, social movement and individual interpretations. Whilst the existing literature on Gangnam Style took rather holistic approach, this study aimed to fill the lacuna, considering this phenomenon as a dynamic process, by segmenting different stages - recognition, spread, peak and continuation. Both newspapers acknowledged Gangnam Style was an epochal event but their perspectives and news frames were different; globalization frame was most frequently used in Chosun Ilbo whereas cultural interest frame was most often used in Hankyoreh. Although more critical approaches were found in Hankyoreh, reflecting the right-left opinion cleavage, both papers lacked in critical appraisal and analysis of Gangnam Style’s reception in a broader context of the new Korean Wave.
An Evaluation of a Diploma in English Programme: Students' Performance in Industrial Training
Authors: Muhamad Maizatulliza , Jaafar Hasimah , Atan Azizah
Published: February 2018

Programme evaluation is an essential part of any specific teaching and learning programme. The results of the evaluation, among others, would inform the relevance of the courses offered to the students in relation to their future in the working world This research study was an evaluation conducted to determine the extent to which the structure of a Diploma in English programme prepares students for the working world as well as the extent to which the graduates produced meet the requirements of the industry. The evaluation was carried out by investigating the performance of 69 students undergoing their industrial training. The data were collected through surveys and interviews. In addition to the students, 35 site supervisors were also surveyed and interviewed. The results revealed that the Diploma in English students were prepared for the working world and they had the qualities required by the industry. The results of the study also highlighted some issues on the additional courses needed for the betterment of the programme. Based on the findings of this research study, some changes were introduced in the programme which enforces the significance of the evaluation conducted. 
The Status of Nias Language
Authors: Polili Andi Wete , Sinar Tengku Silvana , Widayati Dwi , Adisahputra Abdurrahman
Published: February 2018

Nias language is one of the local languages used in Indonesia. This Nias language speakers are on the island of Nias in North Sumatra Province. Nias language is part of the proto-Austronesian languages. The use of Nias language is spoken in the area of North Nias, West Nias, and South Nias. The use of this language in the three districts of Nias certainly has a kinship relationship either of similar or different. Definitely the derivation of this Austronesian language, Nias language, is reflected lexically in Nias language which is bequeathed either linearly or innovatively. The lexicostatistics and glotochronology methods were utilized to investigate the kinship relationship of three languages spoken in North Nias, West Nias and South Nias based on Swadesh 200 words. The data collection of the three languages in North, West and South of Nias is obtained from the informant interviews, observation and native informant speech recorded.

 

Key words: Nias language, Proto Austronesia, lexicostatistic, kinship.
Freden i Kiel 1814 – England, Sverige, Danmark og de nordatlantiske øer / The Treaty of Kiel 1814 – England, Sweden, Denmark and the North Atlantic Islands
Authors: Sølvará Hans Andrias
Published: February 2018

Úrtak: Ymisk ástøði hava verið sett fram um orsøk­ir­nar til, at Føroyar, Ísland og Grønland vóru ver­andi undir donskum valdi eftir Friðin í Kiel, tá danska krúnan noyddist at lata Noreg frá sær til svensku krúnuna. Meðan eldri gransking hevur hildið uppá, at danski samráðingar­mað­ur­in hevði ein høvuðsleiklut í hesum, so hevur nýggj­ari gransking lagt størri herðslu á leik­lutin hjá Svøríki og serliga Onglandi. Tað hev­ur m.a. verið hildið uppá, at onglendingar í veru­leikanum ætlaðu at leggja tær norður­atlant­isku oyggjarnar undir ensku krúnuna, men at teir í seinastu løtu broyttu støðu og syrgdu fyri, at tær vóru verandi undir donsku krún­uni. Í hesi grein verður grundgivið fyri, at hóast tað er sannlíkt, at Ongland vildi forða fyri, at tær atlantisku oyggjarnar gjørdust svensk­ar, so eru eingi prógv fyri, at Ongland hevði hendan leiklutin; og at keldurnar bein­leiðis tykjast mótprógva, at onglendingar høvdu nakrar ætlanir um at leggja tær norð­ur­atlantisku oyggjarnar undir ensku krúnuna. Held­ur mundi tað vera vantandi áhugi fyri norð­uratlantisku oyggjunum, sum var orsøkin til, at tær vóru verandi danskar.Abstract: Different theories have been proposed to explain why the Faroe Islands, Iceland and Greenland remained under Danish sovereignty after the Treaty of Kiel, when the Danish Crown had to give up Norway to the Swedish Crown. While older research maintains that the Danish negotiator played a key role in this, more recent research has paid more attention to the role of Sweden and especially England. It has e.g. been claimed that the English really intended to annex the North Atlantic Islands to the English Crown, but that they in the last moment changed their minds and directly caused that the islands remained under the Danish Crown. In this article, it will be argued that even if it is likely that England wanted to prevent that the Atlantic islands became Swedish, there is no evidence to support that England had this role; and that the sources directly appear to disprove that the English had any intentions to annex the North Atlantic Islands to the English Crown. It is more conceivable that a lack of interest for the North Atlantic Islands was the reason for that they remained Danish.
A Visit to the Faroe Islands in 1942 by Gabriel Turville-Petre / Ein vitjan í Føroyum í 1942 hjá Gabriel Turville-Petre
Authors: Turville-Petre Thorlac
Published: February 2018

Abstract: In his journal Gabriel Turville-Petre gives an account of his travels through the Faroe Islands in 1942. Despatched by the Foreign Office to investigate the views of the people during the British occupation, he met politicians such as Christmas Møller, Carl Aage Hilbert, Peter Mohr Dam and Kristian Djurhuus, writers such as Jóannes Patursson, Símun av Skarði and Janus Djurhuus, as well as farmers and businessmen, boatmen and schoolteachers. He gives his views, not always complimentary, on their characters and opinions. He describes the language and literature, the scenery and (less enthusiastically) the weather, as well as the food he was given, such as skerpikjøt, and traditions such as the chain dance.Úrtak: Í dagbók síni greiðir Gabriel Turville-Petre frá sín­um ferðum í Føroyum í 1942. Foreign Office hevði sent hann avstað fyri at kanna sjónarmið hjá fólkinum undir bretsku hersetingini; hann hitti politikarar, m.a. Christmas Møller, Carl Aage Hilbert, Petur Mohr Dam og Kristian Djurhuus, høvundar, m.a, Jóannes Patursson, Símun av Skarði og Janus Djurhuus eins og bóndir, handilsmenn, sjófólk og skúla­lær­arar. Hann setur fram síni sjónarmið, ikki altíð rós­andi, um teirra persónsmenskur og mein­ing­ar. Hann lýsir málið og bókmentirnar, landslag­ið og (minni eldhugaður) veðrið eins og matin, sum hann fekk, m.a. skerpikjøt, og siðaarvin, m.a. føroyska dansin.
Harðgreip(a)
Authors: Weyhe Eivind
Published: February 2018

Úrtak: Í greinini verður víst á at eitt navnorð harð­greip(a) kv. kemur fyri í trimum føroyskum stað­arnøvnum, men í ymiskum líki. Í einum føri er Halgreip navn á bøstykki, í øðrum føri er Harðgreipa navn á innløgdum traðarstykki, og í tí triðja førinum er fleirtalsformurin Harð­greip­ur (ella Harðgreipir) navn á trimum homr­um úti í haganum. Høvundurin setur navn­ið í samband við norrønt harðgreipr adj. ‘harð­hentur’ (í viðurnevnum og jatna- og gívra­nøvnum) og líknandi navnorð í øðrum norð­urlandamálum. Roynt verður at gjøtla um hvør týdningurin kann hava verið í føroyskum, og hildið verður at navnagávan kann sipa til trup­lar umstøður til velting og ferðslu.Abstract: The article directs attention to the noun harðgreip(a) f., which appears in three Faroese place-names, though in different guises. In the one case we find Halgreip as the name given to a piece of cultivated infield, in the second Harðgreipa is the designation of a strip from the outfield, fenced in for cultivation, while in the third the plural form Harðgreipur (or Harðgreipir) is applied to three rocky slopes in the outfield. The author connects the name with the ON adjective harðgreipr ‘hard-handed, heavy handed’ (found in bynames, and in appellations of giants and giantesses), and with nouns of similar import in other Scandinavian languages. Conjecture is offered about what led to the adoption of such a name in the Faroes, and it is suggested it may have referred to difficulties in cultivating the land or travelling across it.
Henrik Høyer og Carolus Clusius um fuglar og vitunýru í Føroyum / Henrik Høyer and Carolus Clusion on birds and sea beans in the Faroe Islands
Authors: Hansen Leivur Janus , Skårup Povl
Published: February 2018

Úrtak: Í hesi grein hava høvundarnir umsett og við­gjørt partar av bókini Exoticorum libri decem eftir Carolus Clusius, sum kom út í 1605. Upprunateksturin er á latíni og er umsettur til før­oyskt. Umsettu partarnir viðkoma Føroyum og eru ein gjøgnumgongd av ellivu sløgum av fugl­um umframt vitunýra. Keldan til hesar part­arnar av bókini hjá Carolus Clusius er Henrik Høyer, ið sendi honum fuglar og frá­greið­ingar úr Føroyum.Abstract: In this paper the authors have translated and commented sections of the book Exoticorum libri decem by Carolus Clusius, published in 1605. The original text in Latin is provided, as well as the translated text in Faroese. The translated sections deal with eleven species of birds and also a section on Sea beans. Clusius’ source on these sections is Henrik Høyer, who sent birds and information originating in the Faroes
Evaluasi Penempatan Tower Crane Pada Proyek Pembangunan Jember Icon (Evaluation of Tower Crane Positioning in Jember Icon Project)
Authors: Yudha Bima Anggaruci Bhirawa , Soetjipto Jojok Widodo , Nurtanto Dwi
Published: February 2018

AbstractSettling of Tower Crane (TC) will influence efficiency of task served, it will effect to leasing cost and operational cost of TC. This problem is gotten by contractors while they arrange construction schedule. TC’s placement isn’t exact that due to extend scheduling and cost wasteful. Therefore, TC’s settling needs a calculation of TC workload balance in order to minimize duration time. To field observation will be taken an ongoing construction project which is Jember Icon’s Project on Gajah Mada street in Jember. Results of these researches shown exactly settling of TC will reduce operational hours and project schedule.Keywords: Tower Crane, Evaluation of positioning, Total transporting time, Efficiency AbstrakPenempatan Tower Crane (TC) akan mempengaruhi efisiensi pekerjaan yang dilayani, hal ini juga akan berpengaruh pada biaya sewa dan biaya operasional TC. Permasalahan ini sering dihadapi oleh kontraktor ketika menyusun rencana pelaksanaan kegiatan proyek. Penempatan TC yang tidak tepat dapat mengakibatkan jadwal pelaksanaan yang panjang dan pemborosan biaya. Oleh karena itu dalam penempatan TC memerlukan perhitungan keseimbangan beban kerja TC agar dapat meminimalisasi durasi penggunaan TC. Observasi lapangan dilakukan pada proyek konstruksi yang sedang berjalan yaitu pada proyek Jember Icon, yang berlokasi di Jalan Gajah Mada, Jember. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penempatan TC dapat diketahui bahwa penempatan TC yang tepat dapat mereduksi jam operasional TC dan jadwal proyek.Kata kunci: Tower Crane, Evaluasi Penempatan, Total Waktu Pengangkutan, Efisiensi
Simulasi Manajemen dan Rekayasa Lalulintas Untuk Meningkatkan Kinerja Simpang Tiga Tak Bersinyal Pada Jalan Jatiraya – Kahuripan Nirwana Kabupaten Sidoarjo (Management and Traffic Engineering Simulation to Improve The Unsignalised Intersection Performance on Jalan Jatiraya – Kahuripan Nirwana Kabupaten Sidoarjo)
Authors: Putra Kurnia Hadi , Alfanan Faisal Rosih
Published: February 2018

AbstractUnsignalised 3-way intersection at Jati Raya – Kahuripan Nirvana streets is an area with high traffic congestion. It caused by the increasing of vehicle volume at rush hour. In addition, the surrounded area of the intersection is a commercial area with a dense population and the intersection is also the main access to the toll road. To deal with these conditions, management and traffic engineering need to be done. The method of field surveys is conducted to obtain primary data and the existing condition. All the traffic data is obtained from the number of vehicles passing through the intersection for four days (27-30 May 2016). Then, all the data is recapitulated and calculated using the formula of Indonesian Highway Capacity Manual 1997. As the result, it can be concluded that the 3-way intersection at Jati Raya – Kahuripan Nirvana has the degree of saturation (DS) 1.23. This value is far from the one suggested by MKJI 1997 for the unsignalized 3-way intersection, i.e. DS = 0.85. Therefore, management and traffic engineering are conducted to overcome these conditions. The fourth alternative shows the DS 0,51 with Level of Service C.Keywords: Unsignalised Intersection, Degree of Saturation, Management and Traffic Engineering AbstrakSimpang tiga tak bersinyal pada jalan Jati Raya – Kahuripan Nirwana merupakan daerah yang sering mengalami kemacetan. Hal ini disebabkan oleh pertumbuhan lalu lintas yang cukup tinggi, selain itu disekitar simpang merupakan daerah komersil, pemukiman penduduk dan akses menuju jalan tol. Dalam mengatasi permasalahan pada simpang digunakan manajemen dan rekayasa lalu lintas. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survei lapangan untuk mendapatkan data primer dan kondisi eksisting. Data lalu lintas diperoleh dari jumlah kendaraan yang melintasi simpang selama empat hari (27-30 Mei 2016). Kemudian data tersebut diolah dengan perhitungan Manual Kapasitas Jalan Indonesia (MKJI) 1997. Dari hasil analisis data dapat disimpulkan bahwa simpang jalan Jati Raya – Kahuripan Nirwana memiliki nilai Derajat Kejenuhan (DS) = 1,23 dengan Level Of Service LOS (F) . Nilai itu jauh dari nilai yang disarankan oleh MKJI 1997 untuk simpang tak bersinyal yaitu DS = 0,85. Oleh karena itu dilakukan beberapa alternatif solusi manajemen dan rekayasa lalu lintas. Dalam mengatasi kemacetan diambil alternatif solusi yang menghasilkan derajat kejenuhan (DS) paling kecil dengan nilai = 0,51 dengan Level Of Service LOS (C) yang terjadi pada alternatif empat.Kata kunci: Simpang tak bersinyal, Derajat Kejenuhan, Manajemen rekayasa lalulintas