bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analiza metodologije ocjenjivanja indeksa društveno odgovornog poslovanja
Authors: Šlogar Helena , Gajski Bruno Korea , Kos Nataša
Published: June 2023

Autori u radu prikazuju razvoj indeksa društveno odgovornog poslovanja te provode komparativnu analizu metodologije ocjenjivanja triju indeksa društveno odgovornog poslovanja (DJSI RobecoSAM Corporate Sustainability Assessment, CDP Climate, Water and Forests Scores i Sustainalytics’ ESG Risk Ratings) prema pet kriterija kvalitete (pokrivenost, metodologija, materijalnost, kvaliteta podataka i stručnost istraživačkog tima). Također, autori nastoje utvrditi ispunjavaju li odabrani indeksi društveno odgovornog poslovanja zadane kriterije kvalitete. Iako izvješća o održivosti kompanija služe priopćavanju svih relevantnih podataka o ekonomskim, okolišnim i društvenim utjecajima kompanija zainteresiranim dionicima, paralelno su se razvijale ocjene, ljestvice i indeksi kojima se pokušava izmjeriti, usporediti ili nagraditi uspjeh održivosti kompanija i odgovoriti na interes dionika za relevantnim podacima.
Islam in Prison
Authors: Wilkinson Matthew , Irfan Lamia , Quraishi Muzammil , Schneuwly Purdie Mallory
Published: June 2023

This overview of Islam and prison provides a thorough understanding of Muslim prisoners' experiences in Britain and Europe. It explores issues including conversion to Islam, rehabilitation and the extent to which prisons foster extremism, and gives practitioners and policy-makers ideas for better engagement and achieving positive outcomes.
Poverty and International Migration
Authors: Eroğlu Şebnem
Published: June 2023

Drawing on the largest database available on labour migration to Europe, this book examines the poverty outcomes for three generations of settler migrants spanning multiple European destinations, as compared with their returnee and stayer counterparts living in Turkey.
States and Welfare States
Authors: Spicker Paul
Published: June 2023

Most governments in the world have taken responsibility for social policy and elected to develop services in health, education and social security. This book explores the role of government and the state in the contemporary world and discusses views about government responsibility for social welfare services.
Mediated Emotions of Migration
Authors: Khorana Sukhmani
Published: June 2023

Drawing on empirical research and mediated stories of migration and asylum seeking from the Global North, this book unpacks how emotions and affect are key conceptual lenses for understanding contemporary processes and discourses around migration.
Wronged and Dangerous
Authors: Lee Ashcraft Karen
Published: June 2023

COVID-19 delivers a stark warning: the global surge of populism endangers public health. Wronged and Dangerous introduces 'viral masculinity' as a novel way to meet that threat by tackling the deep connection of our social and physical worlds. It calls us to ask not what populism says, but how it spreads.
Politics of the Gift
Authors: Adloff Frank
Published: June 2023

Drawing on French sociologist Marcel Mauss' influential theory of 'the gift', this book shows that trust is the only glue that holds societies together, and people are giving beings and they who can cooperate for the benefit of all when the logic of maximizing utility personal gain in capitalism is broken.
Home-Office During COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil: Perceived Influences on Performance and Competency Management
Authors: Enes Yuri de Souza Odaguiri , Vieira Mariana Borges Nunes , Coelho Junior Francisco Antonio , Pereira Delciene , Zanon Érica Rodrigues
Published: June 2023

There has never been so much flexibility and organizational capacity to adjust to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on work. This article examines beliefs and perceptions related to new arrangements imposed by compulsory telework on skills and performance management practices, as well as identifying related advantages and disadvantages associated. This paper draws on 17 in-depth interviews using the collaborative interactive action research method. The authors study how leaders acted in multiple ways, aiming to reduce the negative effects on workers and work design and provide greater balance of actions. The perspective of multiple levels of action was adopted, considering human and social behavior and organizational arrangements made at a macro level. The sense of collectivity and the search for the standardization of routines were privileged in the interpretation of the answers. The main results reflect the influence of compulsory telework to performance factors, essential competencies required, and the main advantages and disadvantages associated to the construct. This study is relevant for organization studies, especially in the kinds of organizational contexts where there is still unpreparedness to deal with the effects of the pandemic or have uncoordinated telework practices.
Roteiro para alunos de graduação e pós-graduação de caracterização mecânica e física de fibras vegetais da Amazônia
Authors: Da Costa Deibson Silva , El Banna Wassim Raja , Pereira Léo César de Oliveira , Fujiyama Roberto Tetsuo
Published: June 2023

Este artigo faz parte de uma pesquisa que está sendo desenvolvida por alunos de ensino médio, graduação e pós-graduação da faculdade de engenharia mecânica da Universidade Federal do Pará, sob orientação do professor doutor Roberto Tetsuo Fujiyama. O Trabalho mostra um roteiro para caracterização de fibras vegetais da Amazônia. As fibras de bambu, sisal e curauá, utilizadas no trabalho foram adquiridas no comércio local de Belém, com exceção das fibras de bambu que foram extraídas manualmente. As fibras foram caracterizadas fisicamente através de microscópio óptico e picnometria, determinando os comprimentos, diâmetros, massa específica e teor de umidade; Sendo depois, as fibras caracterizadas mecanicamente por ensaio de tração, determinando a resistência a tração e alongamento das fibras. Foram apresentados os resultados encontrados da caracterização das fibras, e comparados com os resultados encontrados na literatura; confirmando assim a eficiência do roteiro de caracterização de fibras vegetais da Amazônia utilizado neste trabalho.
PREVALENCE OF WORK-RELATED MENTAL DISORDERS IN BRAZIL: A PRE AND POST-PANDEMIC COMPARISON
Authors: Monteiro de Souza Lima Maria Clara , Vilas Boas Moreira Anna Beatriz , Nascimento Machado Daniel , Coelho Barreto Filho Raul
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Work-related mental disorders are frequent and affect not only the work activity, but also the individual’s quality of life. During the COVID-19 pandemic – which began in 2019, there were changes in terms of society’s behavior in relation to its work activity – such as social isolation and teleworking – which brought uncertainties in the work dynamics of most professionals and functioned as one of the factors that influenced the emergence of mental disorders in the Brazilian population.(1) In this context, the importance of assessing the prevalence of these disorders in a pre- and post-pandemic comparison is evident. Material and method: Descriptive, cross-sectional study through data collection using the DATASUS platform, using available data for the years 2018 to 2021. Objective: To describe the annual prevalence of work-related mental disorders in Brazil, from the comparison data for the years 2018 to 2021. In addition, expose whether there was an increase in prevalence in the year of the beginning of the pandemic (2019), in relation to the pre-pandemic period (2018), and if the upward trend persisted with regard to the pandemic period (2019 and 2020) and post-pandemic period (2021). Results: Between 2018 and 2021, there were a total of 7337 cases. Of these, 1812 (24.7%) were registered in 2018, 2378 (32.4%) in 2019, 1343 (18.3%) in 2020 and 1804 (24.6%) in 2021. Thus, comparing by periods: from 2018 to 2019, cases increased from 1812 to 2378, which represents a percentage increase of 31.2%. From 2019 to 2020, the registered numbers fell by 43.5%, and from 2020 to 2021, a new increase corresponding to 34.3% was observed. Discussion: This analysis showed that the highest percentage increase occurred from 2020 to 2021, a transition period between telecommuting and working in a physical environment. In addition, in the year of the greatest spread of COVID-19 (2019), there was also a considerable increase in the number of cases.Conclusion: of the 7,337 total cases, the year with the highest number of cases of work-related mental disorders in Brazil was 2019, when the pandemic began in the country, a factor that promoted changes in Brazilian labor dynamics. However, it was possible to conclude that the post-pandemic period (2021), in relation to the number of cases, had a similar prevalence to the pre-pandemic period (2018), with an increase of 34.3% compared to the year 2020. This conclusion was possible since there was also a decline of 43.5% of cases, when comparing the years 2019 and 2020. Keywords: mental disorders, teleworking, COVID-19.
SOCIAL SECURITY BENEFITS DUE TO DEPRESSIVE EPISODE IN BRAZIL (2008-2019)
Authors: da Silva Oliveira Junior Nilton , Silva Jr João Silvestre , Dieb Miziara Ivan
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Mental and behavioral disorders corresponded to the third main cause of disability benefits granted by the National Institute of Social Security (INSS), especially the Major Depressive Episode (MDE). Objectives: Present the frequency of granting social security benefits for disability due to MDE in Brazil. Material and method: Ecological study of the INSS public database regarding work disability benefits granted between 2008 and 2019. Results and discussion: The average number of benefits granted by MDE was 56,643 (standard deviation – sd 6,201). The male mean was 16,837 (SD 2,227), or 29.67% (SD 1.13) and the female mean was 39,806 (SD 4,106), or 70.33% (SD 1.13). In the urban area, the average was 55,044 (SD 5,982), or 97.18% (SD 0.27) and, in the rural area, 1,599 (SD 267), or 2.82% (SD 0.27). Conclusion: Disabling MDE benefits were granted mainly to women from urban and non-work related regions. The data justify the need for effective measures to mitigate the impact of these leaves on workers and rehabilitate them for reintegration into the labor market. Keywords: Depressive Disorder, Occupational Health, Social Security, Sick Leave.
ANALYSIS OF THE PATIENT’S ABILITY TO UNDERSTAND THE INFORMED CONSENT FORM
Authors: dos Anjos Couto Angelo , Vieira da Motta Marcia
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Medical Assistance, Assistance and research, the principles initiated by the Nuremberg Code, were materialized through written documents called Consent Forms. The present study aims to assess the understanding of the consent form in hospitals in the state of São Paulo. Method: Terms that meet the inclusion criteria were retrieved in the analysis with textual readability analysis, and the specific online assessment instrument of the textual readability program was used: Flesch Readability Test; Gulpease Index; Flesch-Kincaid graduation level; Adapted Gunning cloudiness index ; Automated readability index; Coleman-Liau index. Results: The present study presents data between texts of terms with: two at level 11 (high readability); eight are from level 13 to16 (medium readability) and three are from level 17 to18 (low readability). Therefore, the results of the present study indicated that in order to understand the analyzed terms the reader had to be at a univerisity level course ou have graduated from the university. Conclusion: It is recommended that sample be expanded and that they hospitals adopt measures that readability of terms. Keywords: Free and Informed Consent, Understanding, Operative Surgical Procedures
DEATH BY STROKE IN A SUSPECTED RAPE VICTIM: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Silveira Lucas , Mesquita Ramon , Almeida Vivian , Vasconcelos Deborag , Viana Thais , Bento Hanna , Costa Leonardo , Dias Victor
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Rape is a recurring crime in the Brazilian context. The police investigation on this felony requires the performance of forensic sexology, which, through the examination of the corpus delicti, is able to provide evidence about this heinous crime. The objective of the present study is to report a case of a death by stroke in a victim of suspected rape. Material and method: This is a qualitative and descriptive clinical case study, whose data collection took place through analysis of the expert report coming from the Thanatology Nucleus of the Legal Medicine Coordination of the Forensic Expertise of Canindé. Resultados: Female victim, 64 years old, brown, referred to the service for suspicious death, with a history of possible rape confessed by her son. On examination, voluminous intracranial bleeding and absence of apparent signs of trauma and recent sexual violence or sexual intercourse were evidenced. The analysis of material from vaginal and rectal swabs found only the presence of genetic material from the victim himself. Discussion: Upon expert examination, the suspicion of rape by the victim’s son was ruled out, demanding an analysis of the suspect’s psychological state, in order to justify his implausible confession. In addition, it was found that the victim’s death resulted from a hemorrhagic stroke. Conclusion: Thus, the forensic examination of forensic evidence is relevant, which contributes to the clarification of suspected cases and to the reliability of epidemiological data regarding rape. Keywords: Rape, Legal Medicine, Stroke.
Zeydî Muhaddis Ahmed b. Süleyman’ın (öl. 566/1171) Ahkâm Hadislerini Anlamada Esas Aldığı Prensipler
Authors: YOLAÇAN Semih
Published: June 2023

Dinî metinlerin doğru anlaşılması ve yorumlanması her dönem ve kül-türde önemli bir problem olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu problemin çözü-münde kadim kültürümüzün birikiminden istifade etmek yükümüzü büyük ölçüde hafifletecektir. Zira aramızdaki tarihsel mesafeye rağmen selef ulemasının çalışmalarında bugünün modern yöntemlerine ışık tutacak izlere rastlamak mümkündür. Ayrıca Ehl-i sünnet’in dışındaki mezheplerin ilmî ve kültürel mirası da bu manada zengin bir içeriğe sahiptir. Bu birikimden faydalanmak bize farklı bakış açıları kazandıracaktır. Bu makalede, hicrî 6. asırda Yemen’de yaşamış Zeydî muhaddis Ahmed b. Süleyman’ın ahkâm hadislerini anlama ve yorumlamada kullanmış olduğu ilke ve prensipler iç ve dış etkenler şeklinde iki ana başlık ve bu başlıklar altında yer alan on dokuz alt başlık etrafında ele alınmıştır. Bu ilke ve prensipler onun Usulü’l-ahkâm el-cami‘ limesail’l-helali ve’l-haram adlı eseri çerçevesinde değerlendirilmiştir. Zeydî düşüncenin önemli bir siması olarak karşımıza çıkan Ahmed b. Süleyman’ın (öl. 566/1171) ahkâm hadislerini anlama ve yorumlama konusunda takip ettiği prensipler bu manada dikkate değer örnekler içermektedir. Zira o, mensubu olduğu Zeydiyye’nin genel kabulleri çerçevesinde sened tenkidinden çok hadislerin metin ve mefhumu ile ilgilenmektedir. Yorumlarını da bu perspektiften bakarak yapmaktadır. Makale, bu yönü ile ahkâm hadislerini yorumlama çalışmalarına küçük bir katkı sağlayacaktır.
Meçhul Bir Hemziyye Şerhi: el-Cevâhiru’s-Seniyye fî Şerhi’l-Hemziyye
Authors: ASLAN Zahir
Published: June 2023

Mısırlı sûfi şair Muhammed b. Saîd el-Busîrî’nin (öl. 695/1296) Hz. Pey-gamber’in hayatını anlattığı el-Kasidetü’l-Hemziyye isimli eseri, Müslüman toplumlarda büyük ilgi görmüştür. Kaside gündelik hayatta mevlitlerde, medh-i nebi törenlerinde, tasavvuf tekkelerindeki zikir halkalarında ve hadis ders meclisleri ile dualarda okunan bir metin olurken; şiir ve edebiyat alanı ile iştigal eden âlimlerce ilgiyle karşılanmıştır. Eser üzerine yüzden fazla şerh, haşiye, tahmîs, taştîr ve tercüme kaleme alınmıştır. Kaside-i Hemziyye hakkında yapılan bu çalışmaların büyük bir çoğunluğu meşhur âlimler tarafından yapılmış olsa da biyografi kaynaklarında adına rastlanmayan ilim adamları da kaside hakkında çalışmalar yapmıştır. Bu çalışmanın konusu da kaside hakkında yazılmış ve biyografi kaynaklarında adına rastlanmayan şerhlerden biridir. Abdullah eş-Şazelî el-Bahrî tarafından kaleme alınan eserin adı el-Cevâhiru’s-Seniyye fi Şerhi’l-Hamziyye’dir. Bu makalede, söz konusu eserin adı, müellife nispeti, telif tarihi, sebebi, şerh yöntemi, üslubu, muhtevası, kullandığı kaynaklar ve özellikleri hakkında bilgi verilmiş ayrıca temsil gücü yüksek bir örnek olarak üç beytin şerhinin tahkikli metni yazılmıştır.
Hadis Tenkidinde Arap Dilinin Kullanımı ve İmkanı Bağlamında Bir İnceleme
Authors: KALKAN YORULMAZ Nilüfer
Published: June 2023

İslam dünyasında hadis değerlendirme yöntemleri arasında metin tenkidi, modern dönemde Batı’da kutsal kitapların eleştirisi konusunun gündeme gelmesiyle tartışılmaya başlanmıştır. Ancak İslami ilimler literatür tarihinin serencamına bakıldığında erken dönemlerden itibaren hadis metinlerinin tenkidi konusunun isnad kadar merkezi bir yerde durmasa da Müslümanların gündeminde olduğu görülmektedir. Bir hadis tenkidi yöntemi olarak metin merkezli yaklaşımın önemli ayaklarından birini ise hadis ile yakın ilişki içerisinde olan Arap dili ile ilgili yapılan tahliller oluşturmuştur. Çalışmamızda ise metinden hareketle yapılan hadis tenkidinde Arap dilinin etkisinin ve sınırlarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu yapılırken öncelikle Batı’da dil ve kutsal metinlerin tenkidi ilişkisine dair tartışmalar İslam dünyasındaki tartışmalara tarihi bir perspektif kazandırması amacıyla ele alınmış, ardından ilk dönemlerden itibaren varlığı tespit edilebilen hadis ve Arap dili ilişkisi istişhad ve literatür bağlamında ortaya konulmuştur. Sonrasında ise Arap dilinin hadis metinlerinin tenkidinde bir yöntem olarak durduğu yer belirlenip sınırları ve imkanı hakkında bir değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Bu değerlendirme hadislerin mana ile rivayeti, dilcilerin ve ekollerin meselelere farklı yaklaşımı, kabileler arasındaki ihtilaflar, şiirin bir istişhad metodu olarak güvenilirliği muvacehesinde ele alınmıştır. Çalışmamızda özellikle Özellikle Hasan b. Abdullah el-Askerî’nin (ö. 382/992) Tashîfatu’l-Muhaddisîn, Hattabî’nin (ö. 388/998) Islâhu Galati’l-Muhaddisîn, Safedî’nin (ö. 764/1363) Tashîfu’t-Tashîf isimli eserlerinin incelenmesiyle elde edilen tikel örnekler diğer dil kaynakları, temel hadis metinleri ve şerhler de göz önüne alınarak incelenmiş ve genel bir hükme varılmıştır. Ayrıca İbn Düreyd’in (ö. 321/933) Cemheretu’l-luga, Muhammed b. Ahmed el-Ezherî’nin (ö. 370/980) Tehzîbu’l-Luga isimli eserlerinin de örneklerin tespiti konusunda önemli katkıları bulunmaktadır.
Müddessir Sûresi 30-31. Âyetler Bağlamında On Dokuzla Kimler Sınanıyor?
Authors: GÜNEŞ Cengiz
Published: June 2023

Kur’an’ı doğru anlayabilmenin birçok parametreleri vardır. Bunlardan biri de ayetlerin içinde yer aldığı siyâkı [context] tespittir. Türkçeye daha çok bağlam olarak tercüme edilen bu kelime, herhangi bir ayetin öncesi ve sonrası ile anlam bakımından alakasını ifade etmektedir. Âyetin siyâk, iç ve dış bağlamı, kısacası Kur’an bütünlüğü düşünülmeden, bulunduğu yerden bağımsız bir şekilde tefsir edilmeye çalışılması yanlış yapmayı kaçınılmaz hale getirmektedir. Bu meyanda bağlamından koparılarak farklı mecralara çekilen birçok ayet bulunmaktadır. Nitekim bunlardan biri de Müddessir sûresi 30. âyettir. Bu makalede biz, Müddessir suresi 30-31. âyetler bağlamında başlıca üç konu üzerinde yoğunlaşmaya gayret ettik. Önce ilgili âyetlerin siyâk ve sibâkı, “عليها” kelimesindeki zamirin mercii ve her iki âyette kimlerin nasıl ve niçin sınandığı hususlarını ele almaya çalıştık. Bahsi geçen zamir, cehennemdeki görevli meleklere işaret etmekte ve onların sayısının on dokuz olduğunu bildirmektedir. Ancak on dokuz rakamını bu anlayıştan farklı şekilde anlamlandıran kişiler ve gruplar çıkmıştır. Onlar, bu rakama kutsallık izafe etmekle kalmamış, Kur’an’ın bütün sisteminin bu rakama göre kurgulandığını iddia etmişlerdir. Allah Teâlâ, bu sayıyla müminleri, kitap ehlini, kâfirleri ve kalplerinde hastalık olanları sınamaktadır. Allah Teâlâ, bahsi geçen grupları on dokuz sayısına verecekleri tepki ile denemek istemiştir. Bu perspektiften makale, on dokuz bağlamında ilgili âyetleri doğru anlamaya yönelik bir bakış açısı kazandırmayı hedeflemektedir.
The EU-China Security Paradox
Authors: Gurol Julia
Published: June 2023

EPUB and EPDF versions available Open Access under CC-BY-NC-ND license. In this enlightening analysis, Julia Gurol unpicks the complex security relations between the European Union (EU) and China. She investigates the principles, rationales and shifting dynamics of collaboration on a range of security issues, and their consequences for China, the EU and other regions. She pays particular attention to EU–China relations in the realm of anti-terrorism, anti-piracy and energy security, and disentangles their cooperation efforts in the context of increasing political and economic tensions.
Breast hematoma with active bleeding due to seat belt injury
Authors: Başara Akın Işıl , Özkan Aksoy Süleyman , İbrahim Sevinç Ali , Balcı Pınar
Published: June 2023

Breast emergencies are not frequent but play an important part in routine breast imaging applications. Diagnosis and identification of seat belt injury in emergency department are essential for patient management and early treatment of advanced cases. Herein we reported imaging findings of a patient who had prominent swollen at her left breast accompanying tissue edema and painful palpable mass formed by active bleeding hematoma as a result of seat belt injury due to a car accident. Radiologic examinations revealed hematoma in the breast accompanying active bleeding.
Video game experience affects performance, cognitive load, and brain activity in laparoscopic surgery training
Authors: Onur Keleş Hasan , Omurtag Ahmet
Published: June 2023

Objective: Video games can be a valuable tool for surgery training. Individuals who interact or play video games tend to have a better visuospatial ability when compared to non-gamers. Numerous studies suggest that video game experience is associated with faster acquisition, greater sharpening, and longer retention of laparoscopic skills. Given the neurocognitive complexity of surgery skill, multimodal approaches are required to understand how video game playing enhances laparoscopy skill.

Material and Methods: Twenty-seven students with no laparoscopy experience and varying levels of video game experience performed standard laparoscopic training tasks. Their performance, subjective cognitive loading, and prefrontal cortical activity were recorded and analyzed. As a reference point to use in comparing the two novice groups, we also included data from 13 surgeons with varying levels of laparoscopy experience and no video game experience.

Results: Results indicated that video game experience was correlated with higher performance (R2 = 0.22, p< 0.01) and lower cognitive load (R2 = 0.21, p< 0.001), and the prefrontal cortical activation of students with gaming experience was relatively lower than those without gaming experience. In terms of these variables, gaming experience in novices tended to produce effects similar to those of laparoscopy experience in surgeons.

Conclusion: Our results suggest that along the dimensions of performance, cognitive load, and brain activity, the effects of video gaming experience on novice laparoscopy trainees are similar to those of real-world laparoscopy experience on surgeons. We believe that the neural underpinnings of surgery skill and its links with gaming experience need to be investigated further using wearable functional brain imaging.
Surgical outcomes of resected cystic neoplasms of pancreas: Experience from a tertiary care centre in India
Authors: Sharma Digvijoy , Bheerappa Nagari
Published: June 2023

Objective: Cystic neoplasms of the pancreas form a rare heterogeneous group of pancreatic tumors with variable clinical and diagnostic characteristics. Its incidence has increased in recent years due to improvements in cross-sectional imaging methods and awareness amongst surgeons.

Material and Methods: This study aimed to study the demographic, clinical, imaging, and histopathologic characteristics, incidence of malignancy and outcome of surgical resection of pancreatic cystic neoplasms. Retrospective analysis of 91 patients who underwent surgical resection for cystic neoplasm of the pancreas between 2006 to 2017 at a tertiary care institute was done.

Results: There was a female preponderance in the study with a mean age of 47.2 years. Abdominal pain (46.1%) and jaundice (23.1%) were the most common symptoms. Computed tomography and endoultrasound (EUS) were the most commonly used imaging methods in the study and demonstrated good surgical correlation. Pancreaticoduodenectomy (37.1%) was the most commonly performed procedure followed by distal pancreaticosplenectomy (31.8%). Of the lesions, 9.8% were found malignant. Solid pseudopapillary epithelial neoplasm (SPEN) (37.3%) was the most common neoplasm followed by serous (21.9%), intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) (15.3%) and mucinous neoplasm (14.3%). Preoperative radiological diagnostic correlation was found to be 75-100% implying the importance of imaging in cystic neoplasms of the pancreas. Morbidity and mortality in the study group were 28.5% and 2.1%, respectively.

Conclusion: Pancreatic cystic neoplasms were mostly benign with female preponderance and presented in the younger age group with prevalence of SPEN higher than IPMN in our subcontinent. These can be reliably diagnosed on preoperative cross-sectional imaging, and surgical resection is associated with favourable outcome and acceptable morbidity.
Surgery versus no surgery in stage IV gallbladder carcinoma: A propensity score-matched analysis
Authors: Nekarakanti Phani , K Sugumaran , Nag Hirdaya
Published: June 2023

Objective: Patients with stage IV gallbladder cancer (GBC) have a dismal prognosis. Mostly, they are not amenable to surgical treatment. However, in some of them, a potentially curative surgical resection is possible. There is paucity of the literature comparing survival of patients with surgically resectable stage IV GBC to the patients with unresectable stage IV GBC.

Material and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on patients with AJCC stage IV GBC who were managed by a surgical unit at a tertiary care center from May 2009 to March 2021. Patients were grouped into either surgery group (cases) or no surgery group (control). Cases were compared to controls for demographic characteristics, clinical parameters, and survival rates. A comparison was made in both unmatched and matched (propensity score matching 1:1 with covariates age, gender, ECOG, chemotherapy, and TNM staging) groups.

Results: The total number of patients with stage IV GBS was 120, out of that, 29 were cases, and 91 were controls. After matching, each group had 28 cases (28 + 28= 56). Post-matching AJCC stage, chemotherapy, and other parameters were equally distributed between the groups (p= 1.00). However, cases had more patients with N2 metastasis (p< 0.001), and controls had more patients with distant metastasis (p< 0.001). Cases vs. controls, overall survival before matching was 22 vs. seven months (p= 0.001) and after matching was 22 vs. 11 months (p= 0.005).

Conclusion: Patients with stage IV GBC amenable to potentially curative surgical resection (R0) have significantly better survival than patients with non-surgical treatment. Therefore, it may be more appropriate to classify these group differently.
Long-term results of breast cancer patients who received IOERT as boost during BCS: A single-institution retrospective analysis
Authors: Günay Semra , Gökçek Berk , Kandemir Özge , Akan Arzu , Yalçın Orhan
Published: June 2023

Objective: Intraoperative electron radiotherapy (IOERT) applied as boost to the tumor bed during breast conserving surgery is advantageous in terms of local recurrence in breast cancer patients. In addition, it has other advantages over the adjuvant boost RT such as no risk of tumor bed change, ease of sequencing radiotherapy chemotherapy, and reduced workload of the radiotherapy clinic. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term results of our patients who were treated with this method in our institution and are still being followed up.

Material and Methods: One hundred and three patients enrolled in this study received IOERT equivalent to 10 Gy as boost during BCS and were subsequently given adjuvant WBI according to the biological subtype of the tumor systemic therapy. These patients were analyzed using their files and hospital records. Patients were evaluated for overall survival, local recurrence, distant metastasis, and cosmetic outcome (using LENT-SOMA scale).

Results: Median age was 53,5 (27-74), mean follow-up time was 75 (48-106) months. Mean pathological tumor size was 18 mm (4-30), 90 of the patients had invasive ductal carcinoma, eight of them were lobular and five of them had mixed histological structure. Ninety-three of the patients presented histological grade II, 15 grade III; 74 patients were luminal A-like, 15 luminal B-like, eight HER2 positive and six triple negative breast cancer. According to the LENT-SOMA scale, 35 had grade 0, 42 each had grade I, 23 had grade II, and two had grade III. All patients underwent whole breast irradiation after surgery, 81 received chemotherapy and 90 endocrine therapy. There was one local recurrence, distant recurrence was seen in four patients and one patient died of non-breast cancer causes. Overall survival was %99, and event free survival %96.

Conclusion: IOERT for breast cancer treatment during BCS is a safe option with low chronic toxicity and the cosmetic outcome gets better over time.
Circulating tumor DNA for monitoring colorectal cancer: A prospective observational study to assess the presence of methylated SEPT9 and VIM promoter genes and its role as a biomarker in colorectal cancer management
Authors: Gopal Puviarasan , Ahmed Zeeshan , Venkata Ravi Kant Vishnubhotla , Rao G V , Rebala Pradeep
Published: June 2023

Objective: Methylation status of Septin9 (SEPT9) and vimentin (VIM) genes in circulating tumor DNA of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients is a promising bio-marker for the early detection of CRC. The aim of the present study was to identify the methylation status in promoter regions of the SEPT9 and VIM genes in a cohort of Indian patients with biopsy proven colorectal cancer.

Material and Methods: Forty-five consecutive patients of colorectal cancer were recruited. 10 mL venous samples were collected from each patient and processed for isolation of cell-free DNA, bisulfite conversion of cell-free DNA, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and detection of SEPT9 and VIM genes.

Results: Partial methylation in vimentin was present in 42.22% of the patients and 57.78% showed no methylation and none of the tumors had complete methylation. Only three (6.66%) patients showed complete methylation patterns in SEPT9 and the remaining 42 (93.33%) tumors showed partial methylation. Considering the two genes together, only three (6.66%) out of 45 showed complete methylation. The association of methylation patterns in both genes (complete, partial, and no methylation) with sex, age, T stage, N stage, M stage, CEA, histology, and location (right or left colon) were explored and none of these parameters were statistically significant.

Conclusion: In our study, only 6.66% CRC patients showed hypermethylation and there was no association of methylation patterns in the both genes (complete, partial, and no methylation) with any of the parameters like age, sex, TNM stage, CEA, and histology.
ANALYTICAL DETECTION OF HEAVY METALS IN COSMETIC
Authors: Sh. MAHMOOD Hana , A.SHEHAB Ahlam , A. KHALIL Nada
Published: June 2023

Cosmetics and so-called care products, whether skin or hair, are used by millions of people. Skin is the first line of defense in the human body, but in spite of this, some toxic elements in cosmetics may be able to cross and penetrate this barrier, causing serious dangers, including various types of cancer. while the knowledge of many users of these products risks is limited and should be improved. Some cosmetics contain concentrations of heavy elements exceeding the minimum limits set by the World Health WHO and FDA Organization The aim of this work is review of the analytical methods that tracked the concentrations of heavy metals such as Pb, Cd, Hg and as in cosmetics of different grades
FABRICATION SENSORS BASED ON NANOCOMPOSITES ZnO/PVDF
Authors: D. HUSSEIN Amel
Published: June 2023

This paper focused on generated output voltage by converting the mechanical energy to electrical response piezoelectric output voltage by tapping the finger of the hand on flexible nanogenerators fabrication of nanocomposites fibers (zinc oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride) ZnO/PVDF. Since, zinc oxide nanostructured materials have unique properties as their nanostructures, semiconducting, and piezoelectric which synthesize practically simply by a hydrothermal process at low temperatures. The structure and morphology of reactant materials, and, the fabricated nanofibers of the nanocomposites are characterized by XRD and SEM. The output is measured by an oscilloscope. The maximum output piezoelectric voltage for 18%ZnO–16%PVDF was 1.600 V. Therefore, the generators can be used as sensors in medical applications and other fields.
THE EXTENT OF ADHERENCE TO THE ROUTINE VACCINATION SCHEDULE FOR CHILDREN IN TIME OF CORONA PANDEMIC
Authors: Y. ABDULRAZAQ Haider , Fakhir GATAE Farzdq
Published: June 2023

The vaccine is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a specific infectious disease. The practice of immunization goes back hundreds of years and is considered the founder of vaccination science Edward Jenner in the West in 1796. A 13-yearold boy was vaccinated with the cowpox vaccine and showed immunity to smallpox. Vaccines are manufactured from weak or dead forms of microbes, their toxins, or one of the surface proteins. The topic of this study dealt with knowing of the percentage of children who dropped out of routine vaccinations and the extent of commitment to taking routine vaccinations during the Corona epidemic, and finally the impact of not taking vaccinations on infection with diseases. The research process was carried out in Basra Governorate, in cooperation with the health centers. A questionnaire was made containing a set of questions about the child like (gender, age, arrangement of the child in the family…) for 200 samples which were collected during a period of time and the interview was directly with the mother and using the vaccine card to obtain all information about the missed vaccines. The study revealed that 70.5% of the participants dropped out of vaccines (21% of them have dropped out of all vaccinations, and 49.5% have dropped out of some of them) and it was found that the rate of adherence to routine vaccinations during the pandemic was 29.5%
EFFECT OF SODIUM CHLORIDE ON STEVIA PLANT GROWTH IN VITRO
Authors: A. JAWAD Hiba , H. HUSSEIN Nahlah
Published: June 2023

The research was conducted to study the effect of sodium chloride on the growth of stevia plants in vitro, the experiments included the selection of two types of plant parts, the middle cutting and the shoot tips, and the effect of different concentrations of sodium chloride on the number of nodes and branches, the fresh weight of the plant and the height of the plant. The plantings were established on MS medium, and the results showed that the effect of the plant parts was significant if the media cutting gave the highest average number of nodes of 6.2 nodes per plant. As for the interaction between the plant part and the concentration of sodium chloride, the measurement treatment was superior when using the middle cutting, as it recorded the highest rate of nodes of 10 nodes per plant and the highest rate of number of branches reached 2.6 branches/plant, and the highest rate of fresh weight of the plant amounted to 1.106 gm/plant compared to the measurement treatment when using shoot tips , which recorded the lowest rate for each of the above traits, a significant decrease in the number of nodes and branches, plant height and plant fresh weight was noted with an increase in the concentration of sodium chloride
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF IVERMECTIN ON BIOMARKER HORMONE OF ADRENAL GLAND AND HISTOLOGY OF IT IN LOCAL FEMALE RABBITS
Authors: F. HASAN Bushra , Z.AL RUMAIDH Shaymaa
Published: June 2023

Ivermectin (IVM) is a lipophilic anthelmintic drug widely used for the control of internal and external parasites in both human and veterinary medicin. This study aimed to investigate the effect of different dose of Ivermectin (IVM) on the Cortisol hormones (functionally and histologically) of twenty four of mature female rabbits in basrah. Animals were randomly divided into four groups (six for each). The first group was left without treatment (control group), second, third and fourth group treated weekly by injection s/c ivermectin for 8 week at dose (0.5mg, 1mg and 2 mg / kg.bw ) respectly .Results conducted to increase significant in cortisol concentration in fourth group ,while the first and second and third group did not affected when compared with fourth group or within them .The histopathological changes as a results of ivermectin treatment in adrenal there is representive by vacuolation of zona glomerulosa and zona fasculata in group fourth and less effect in other treatment. We concluded high dose of ivermectin and prolong period may affected on adrenal gland function.
ISOLATION AND MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF PHYTOPHTHORA INFESTANS (MONT.) DE BARY THE CAUSAL AGENTS OF POTATO LATE BLIGHT
Authors: Z. AL-TAAE Huda , K. AL-TAAE Ali , J. AL-BAYATI Hussein
Published: June 2023

Potato (Solanum tubersum L.) is an important crop in Iraq. Samples of potato plants infected with late blight were collected from potato fields in Nineveh Governorate, northern Iraq, during the autumn season of 2020. The causal agent being isolated and identified initially according to its morphological features utilizing hyphal and sporangial structures. According to cultural and morphological features, the pathogen was identified from the phenotypic diagnosis as Phytophthora infestans and the pathogen was confirmed by Koch's hypotheses. This was confirmed by the molecular identification test, methodology confirmed it. Molecular identification pathogen was performed via implementing transcribed internal spacer (ITS) conserved ribosomal region of DNA. All sequences as ITS proved homologous to isolates of P. infestans in database of GenBank at similarity % of 99. At Gen-Bank, Iraqi isolate was assigned as Accession No. : MZ675523.1. Up to our best knowledge, this is 1st molecular record of P. infestans on potato in Iraq.
Socio-economic Importance of Solar Desalination of Local Water Bodies: A Case Study of Uburu and Okposi Lakes, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
Authors: Okonkwo W.I. , Ojike O. , Kolawole O.E
Published: June 2023

Purpose: Access to clean and potable water supply is the priority of many nations including the government of Nigeria towards socio-economic emancipation of the people. Due to increasing population expansion and water pollution, shortage of freshwater has become very common to many nations, particularly to the developing countries.  To overcome the growing freshwater shortage, desalination has been proven to be the best alternative option towards freshwater provision for domestic and industrial applications. Desalination could be either thermal or electric methods which include multi-stage flash distillation (MSFD), multiple-effect distillation (MED), reverse osmosis (RO), or solar desalination. The innovation of solar still technology in recovery of fresh water from saline waters makes solar desalination simple and economical. A survey of socio-economic importance of solar energy desalination of saline lake waters at Uburu and Okposi communities, Ebonyi State, South eastern, Nigeria was conducted.

Methodology: A survey research design was adopted for the study in order to address an age long tradition of fuel wood utilization in salt processing activity by the local women folk of Uburu and Okposi communities using saline water from the local lakes.

Results: The survey showed that about 1,200 women were involved in the salt production activity utilizing about 26,000 tons of fuel wood per year. Translating this into monetary terms amounts to about US$$1.5 million per year. Socio-economic lives of people in the communities were negatively affected because fuel wood utilization in salt production adversely results to deforestation, environmental pollution and high cost of fuel wood in the communities. The quality and quantity (output) of salt recovering process were not commiserating to time, energy and monetary input in the process. It was observed that the distillate (freshwater portion) of the salt recovery from the saline water was not considered as an important component of the salt extraction process. This is because the salt producers were only interested on the salt extract as the only useful output of the extraction process. Recovery of freshwater component of the process could be an additional valuable income if considered.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: For sustainable salt production and freshwater recovery from the process solar desalination method was recommended for salt processing in the communities. The incorporation of solar desalination system into the age long traditional known method of salt processing will enhance salt production and boast socio-economic activities in the communities.  A study of this kind is likely to help solve a major problem of acute water shortage in some communities whose water bodies are salty.  The study could be a useful tool for policy makers in making rational policy that would improve and enhance salt and fresh water production as an enterprise.
Recuento de linfocitos CD4, carga viral y colonización oral por Candida en personas viviendo con VIH/SIDA
Authors: Vargas-Díaz Esperanza Gissela , Albino Cornejo Graciela , Quiroz-Ruiz Hans Ramón
Published: June 2023

Objetivos: determinar la correlación entre el recuento de CD4, carga viral y la colonización oral por Candida en personas viviendo con VIH/SIDA (PVVS) que reciben terapia antirretroviral (TAR). Métodos: se realizó un estudio transversal correlacional con 35 participantes que recibían tratamiento antirretroviral. Mediante citometría de flujo se determinó el recuento de CD4; la carga viral se determinó mediante RT-PCRq y la confirmación de colonización oral se realizó mediante aislamiento de Candida spp. Resultados: el recuento de CD4 se correlacionó significativamente de manera inversa con la carga viral (rho de Spearman = -0,457, p=0,006; Kendall Tau-b= -0,306, p=0,012) y con la colonización oral por Candida (rho de Spearman = -0,442, p=0,008; Kendall Tau-b= -0,366, p=0,010), no se encontró significancia estadística entre la carga viral y colonización (p>0,05). Conclusiones: En las PVVS que reciben TAR, los recuentos bajos de CD4 se relacionan con mayor colonización oral por Candida, no se encontró asociación de dicha colonización con la carga viral.
Protocolo de manejo metabólico multidisciplinario de la litiasis urinaria
Authors: Vargas Rocha Vladimir Erik , Uzares Enriquez Daniela , Inturias Alvarado Wilder
Published: June 2023

La enfermedad de cálculos renales, (nefrolitiasis) es un problema común en la atención en salud. Entre algunos de los factores que ayudan a la prevalencia de litiasis se encuentra la obesidad, altas temperaturas ambientales, y los climas secos. La frecuencia de las diferentes composiciones de los cálculos es: Oxalato de calcio entre el 70-80 %, fosfato calcico el 15 % (la apatita es más común y la brushita es menos común), Ácido úrico el 8%, cistina entre el 1-2 %, Estruvita –1%, Varios - <1 %3.No existen muchos datos sobre la recurrencia de los mismos, pero se sabe que la tasa de recurrencia de litiasis urinaria es del 10 al 30% a los 5 años en pacientes que tienen cálculos de oxalato de calcio idiopáticos. Se plantea elaborar un protocolo de manejo metabólico multidisciplinario de la litiasis urinaria en base a la bibliografía actual tomando en cuanto los puntos de vistas de las especialidades destinadas al manejo del paciente con litiasis urinaria. Nuestro objetivo es establecer un protocolo de manejo capaz de identificar y establecer una terapia que pueda prevenir los cálculos urinarios de forma eficiente y económica, mejorando el pronóstico y minimizando las complicaciones.
Serman/Seryan Savaşı (514/1120) Beylikler Dönemi Türkiye’sinde Mengücekli - Artuklu - Selçuklu - Danişmendli - Bizans İlişkilerinde Bir Kırılma Noktası
Authors: TAŞCI Kemal
Published: June 2023

Malazgirt savaşından önce Anadolu’ya başlayan Türkmen akınları sayesinde önce Doğu Anadolu’da yığılan Türkmen nüfusu, Malazgirt Savaşı’ndan sonra kurulan beylikler ile beraber yaylak-kışlak hayatı sürdürebilecekleri bölgelere yerleşmeye başladılar. Savaşın hemen sonrasında Kuzey Doğu Anadolu’da Saltuklular, Mengücekliler ve Danişmendliler beylikleri kurulurken, Selçuklu Devleti’nin fetret döneminden sonra ise güney Doğu Anadolu’da Sökmenliler/Ahlatşahlar, Dilmaçoğulları, Artuklular, Çubukoğulları, Yinaloğulları ve Kızılarslanlılar gibi beylikler teşekkül edildi. Türkiye Selçuklu Devleti ve Haçlı tehdidinden sonra mezkûr beylikler, birbirleri ile mücadeleye başladılar. Bu yazıda 1112 yılından sonra Çubukoğullarının hakimiyetindeki Palu, Harput, Çemişkezek ve Hanzit gibi şehirleri ilhak eden ve Malatya Selçuklu Sultanlığı ile akrabalık bağı kuran Artuklular ile bu şehirlerin sınır bölgelerine hâkim olan Kemah merkezli Erzincan, Divriği ve Şarkî Karahisar (Şebinkarahisar, Kögonya) şehirleri ile mücavir beldeleri Türkleştiren ve İslamlaştıran Mengüceklilerin hâkimiyet mücadelesinde bir kırılma noktası olan Serman/Seryan Savaşı incelenmiştir. Savaşa dahil olan Bizans İmparatorluğu’nun Trabzon Dukalığı ve Danişmendlilerin kurulan ittifaklara dahil olmaları sonucunda vuku bulan savaş Kuzey Doğu Anadolu Türk tarihi bakımından ele alınmıştır. Kaynakların verdikleri bilgiler ile çağdaş tarihçilerin bu savaşa dair bilgileri ve kanaatleri tahlil edilmiş ve kaynak-araştırma eser karşılaştırılması yapılmıştır. Savaşın yeri, tarihi ve sonuçlarına dair mülahazalar tafsilatlı bir şekilde değerlendirilmiştir.
The Relation between Al-Jazari of the East and Leonardo da Vinci of the West
Authors: KAPLAN Kaan
Published: June 2023

Al-Jazari and Leonardo da Vinci were two of the most noteworthy inventors and engineers of their respective time periods, the Islamic Golden Age that lasted from the VIII. to the XIII. century in the East, and the Renaissance that took place in Europe the XIV. to the XVII. centuries. Both were known for their exceptional talents and contributions to the fields of mechanics, automata, water-powered devices, and clockmaking. This work compares and contrasts their contributions to these fields; it will further explore the similarities and differences in their approaches to invention and innovation. In addition, although they lived at different times, it will also analyze whether da Vinci was directly or indirectly influenced by Al-Jazari's work, and whether there are similarities between the tools he used in his work with those of Al-Jazari.
Flowing Towards Sustainability: Evaluating the Ecological and Social Dimensions of Dravyavati River Revitalization
Authors: Rajeev Ratan Meena  , Dr. Mayank Varshney
Published: June 2023

The restoration of rivers is an essential component of sustainable development, which has as its dual goals the reduction of environmental deterioration and the enhancement of societal well-being. This research paper examines the case of the Dravyavati River revitalization project in India, focusing on the evaluation of its ecological and social dimensions and its contribution to sustainability. The Dravyavati River, which flows through Rajasthan, was subjected to significant pollution and deterioration as a result of urbanisation and industrial operations. The project aimed to improve the biological state of the river, as well as the quality of the water and the public space that was available to the towns that were located in the area.