bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Radiographic Features of Lateralized Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty in Osteoarthritis
Authors: Merolla Giovanni
Published: June 2023

The number of reverse shoulder arthroplasties (RSAs) has increased tremendously over the last twenty years, with a substantial change from Grammont design to lateralized devices, having the goal of reducing the risk of complications and improve clinical outcomes.

Radiographic criteria have been established to evaluate lateralization in RSA and to speculate on their biomechanical and functional effects.

Some biomechanical changes produced by glenoid and/or humeral lateralization are not completely understood and require additional exploratory research, investigating issues that have not previously been studied in-depth.

This manuscript aims to outline the most common radiographic features evaluating lateralized RSA based on the evidence from literature.

This paper should help the surgeon in the postoperative evaluation of lateralized reverse prosthesis and improve the surgical technique for implant positioning and fixation
SOME FEATURES OF CYTOKINE STATUS IN PATIENTS WITH PSORIASIS
Authors:   SE «Institute of Dermatology and Venereology of NAMS of Ukraine», Kutasevych Ya. F. , Kondakova G. K. ,   SE «Institute of Dermatology and Venereology of NAMS of Ukraine», Dzhoraeva S. K. ,   SE «Institute of Dermatology and Venereology of NAMS of Ukraine», Sokol O. A. ,   SE «Institute of Dermatology and Venereology of NAMS of Ukraine», Shevchenko Z. M. ,   SE «Institute of Dermatology and Venereology of NAMS of Ukraine»
Published: June 2023

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the content of IL‑7, –4 and –17A in the blood of patients with psoriasis, depending on the severity of the disease. Materials and methods. A group of patients was examined, which included 47 patients with vulgar psoriasis; 10 patients with arthropathic psoriasis, as well as a control group of 15 conditionally healthy individuals. The content of interleukin –4, –7, –17A was determined in blood serum by the immunoenzymatic method. Results and conclusions. In patients with a severe course of psoriasis (arthropathic psoriasis), pathological activation of hereditary and acquired (Th1- and Th17-types) immunity is observed, there is a dysregulation of the synthesis of pro-inflammatory (IL‑17) and anti-inflammatory (IL‑4) cytokines. Detection of disturbances in the levels of mediators of the immune response, which are involved in the formation of immune inflammation, in particular cytokines, in patients with psoriasis can serve as an additional test for predicting the clinical course of this dermatosis.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF THE USE OF UVB THERAPY AS PART OF THE COMPLEX TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH ATOPIC DERMATITIS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE STATE OF SKIN MICROBIOCENOSIS
Authors:   SE «Institute of Dermatology and Venereology of NAMS of Ukraine», Kutasevych Ya. F. , Ziuban I. V. ,   SE «Institute of Dermatology and Venereology of NAMS of Ukraine», Dzhoraeva S. K. ,   SE «Institute of Dermatology and Venereology of NAMS of Ukraine»
Published: June 2023

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a hereditary disease, the degree of clinical manifestations of which largely depends on the influence of environmental factors and the body’s resistance. The modern pathogenetic model of AD can be represented as a chain, the genetic links of which are considered to be: a set of predisposition genes, a reduced skin barrier function, a violation of innate immunity, which are joined by external factors and features of the adaptive immune response. The most significant genetically determined disorders in this disease are changes in the immune system and skin barrier, the dysfunction of which is a favorable background for the development of AD. The second group of factors that influence the development of the disease is the triggers of the external environment: various chemical substances, food and medicinal irritants, infectious agents, etc. Bacteriological research data indicate high rates of colonization density of lesions and conditionally intact skin areas of AD patients with moderately severe and severe severity [(6.5±0.2) lg CFU/cm2 and (6.3±0.1) lg CFU/cm2 and (6.9±0.2) lg CFU/cm2 and (6.8±0.2) lg CFU/cm2, respectively, against 4.1±0.1 lg CFU/cm2 on the skin of healthy persons, p ≤ 0.05]. When using narrow-spectrum UVB therapy as part of complex treatment of severe forms of AD, regression of clinical signs of pyococcal infection was noted in 72.2% of people. Clinical remission was achieved in 27.7% of patients, significant improvement in 55.5%, improvement in 16.7%.
Value of Domestic Tourists in the Travel and Tourism Industry
Authors: Anderson Keegan , Moipolai Kesaobaka
Published: June 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected South Africa's tourism industry, which had a large dependence on international tourists, due to the restrictive travel measures put in place to curb the spread of the virus. The tourism industry contributes significantly to South Africa's economy, and the lack of international tourists and subsequent revenue loss has been felt across the industry. One proposition to mitigate this is to promote domestic tourism. The report is concerned with the design of a mathematical model which would boost domestic tourism in the Mpumalanga Province, South Africa. The model investigates the formulation and optimisation of a customised (tourism) package cost function.
Review: Evaluasi Fisik terhadap Penggunaan Tepung Komposit pada Kualitas Cookies
Authors: Putri Destiana Adinda
Published: June 2023

Tepung komposit adalah campuran dari tepung yang terbuat dari umbi-umbian, serealia, kacang-kacangan dan bahan nabati lain dengan atau tanpa adanya terigu. Penggunaan berbagai jenis tepung komposit dalam pembuatan cookies dapat mengurangi penggunaan tepung gandum, memberikan ciri khas, meningkatkan nilai nutrisi dan merubah kualitas fisik. Tujuan dari ulasan ilmiah ini adalah untuk memberikan informasi terkait penggunaan tepung komposit dalam pembuatan cookies serta pengaruhnya terhadap perubahan kualitas fisik yang diamati oleh beberapa penelitian terbaru. Beberapa studi menujukkan bahwa penggunaan tepung komposit dalam pembuatan cookies memberikan perubahan kualitas fisik terkait berat, susut bobot, rendemen, diameter, ketebalan, rasio penyebaran, warna (L*, a*, b*, C*, ΔE, whiteness index, browning index), dan tekstur (hardness, fracturability, cohesiveness, springiness, chewiness, resilience, gumminess). Perubahan-perubahan kualitas fisik ini akan memberikan hasil yang berbeda bergantung pada jenis campuran komposit dan persentase tepung terigu dan antara tepung non terigu yang digunakan. Kandungan komponen zat gizi yang berbeda berkontribusi terhadap perubahan kualitas fisik cookies.
Potensi Sumber Karbohidrat Indonesia Sebagai Ingridien Pangan Fungsional dengan Kadar Pati Resisten dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Tinggi
Authors: Afandi Frendy
Published: June 2023

Faktor-faktor utama penentu indeks glikemik pangan karbohidrat telah dijelaskan dalam beberapa publikasi. Informasi penting mengenai sifat fisikokimia meliputi ukuran granula pati, suhu gelatinisasi, nilai/ kategori IG (indeks glikemik), kadar pati resisten, protein, lemak, senyawa bioaktif, amilosa, amilopektin, dan rasio amilosa dan amilopektin telah diamati. Variasi data terdapat di antara data publikasi yang diperoleh. Penelitian ini memfokuskan pada kadar pati resisten dan senyawa bioaktif. Beberapa sumber karbohidrat yang memiliki kadar pati resisten tinggi adalah beras hitam, beras aromatik, sorghum putih, talas, pati ganyong putih, yam, sukun, pisang, kacang polong, kacang merah, kacang koro pedang, kacang gude, dan biji nangka. Sedangkan sumber pangan karbohidrat yang memiliki kadar senyawa bioaktif yang tinggi adalah beras hitam, beras ungu, jagung putih pulut, jagung ungu, gandum, rye, barley, ubi kulit putih, ubi kulit merah, ubi ungu, talas, ubi garut, pati ganyong putih, yam, bengkoang, talas bogor, aren, pisang, kurma, kacang amazon, kacang polong, kacang hijau, kacang gude, dan biji buah asam. Mayoritas sumber pangan karbohidrat tersebut terdapat di Indonesia dengan kadar pati resisten antara 10,63-78.9% (b/b) dan kadar aktivitas antioksidan antara 150-43200 mg/100 g basis kering. Sebanyak 49 sumber karbohidrat yang diamati, hanya 7 sumber karbohidrat yang tidak tersedia di Indonesia. Hal tersebut mendorong pengonsumsian sumber karbohidrat yang terdapat di Indonesia secara beragam.
Kajian Komposisi Bahan Tambahan Pangan Pada Produk Daging Ayam Olahan Komersial
Authors: Arzani Lalu Danu Prima , Utama Qabul Dinanta
Published: June 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi komposisi bahan tambahan pangan yang terdapat pada produk daging ayam olahan komersial berdasarkan regulasi di Indonesia. Sampel yang dinilai berjumlah 47 berbagai produk daging ayam olahan komersial, BTP yang diamati adalah penguat rasa, pengemulsi, pengawet, penstabil, antioksidan, pengatur keasaman, pengembang dan pewarna. BTP yang digunakan dalam produk bakso ayam adalah penguat rasa (42,86%), pengemulsi (4.76%), penstabil (23,81%) dan pengatur keasaman (28,57%) Pada produk sosis ayam adalah penguat rasa (23%), penstabil (23%), antioksidan (17%), pengemulsi (3%), pengawet (15%), pengatur keasaman (12%) dan pewarna (7%). Pada produk siomay ayam adalah pengatur keasaman (40%), penguat rasa (20%), penstabil (20%), pengawet (13%), dan pewarna (7%).  Pada produk naget ayam adalah pewarna (26%), penguat rasa (22%), penstabil (18%), antioksidan (11%), pengemulsi (11%) pengawet (7%), pengemban (2%) dan pengatur keasaman (2%).  Pada produk daging ayam olahan kategori 08.2.3. adalah penstabil (21.54%), penguat rasa (33.85%), pewarna (18.46%), pengawet (10,77%), antioksidan (7,69%) dan pengembang (7,69%). Penggunaan BTP dan juga jumlah konsumsi produk yang mengandung BTP terutama BTP yang memiliki risiko karsinogenik perlu menjadi perhatian pemerintah untuk diregulasi dan juga para konsumen. Penelitian di masa depan untuk menemukan alternatif yang lebih aman untuk BTP ini sangat dianjurkan.
A história de exploração da "seringa" (Hevea brasiliensis) e o ensino de ciências no museu do seringal Vila Paraí­so
Authors: Holanda Reis Andreza Rayane , Terán Augusto Fachín , Melo Fonseca Ana Paula , Alves de Souza Silvia
Published: June 2023

Experiências de ensino fora do espaço formal quando bem sucedidas trazem excelentes lembranças de aprendizagem para os estudantes. Neste trabalho relatamos a vivência de uma visita realizada ao Museu do Seringal Vila Paraí­so. O objetivo desta experiência foi conhecer a história de exploração da "seringa" (Hevea brasiliensis) e avaliar os ambientes do Museu do Seringal que ofereçam condições para trabalhar aspectos relacionados com o Ensino de Ciências. Participaram da visita 23 estudantes. Foi utilizado um roteiro elaborado pelo professor da disciplina. Foram visitados diferentes ambientes do museu, com ajuda de um guia turí­stico. O lugar é fonte de aprendizado sobre o sistema de exploração da "seringa" , disponibilizando elementos que possibilitam entender sua historia de exploração.Palavras-chave: Hevea brasiliensis, Amazônia, Exploração, Espaços Não Formais.Palavras-chave: Hevea brasiliensis, Amazônia, Exploração, Espaços Não Formais.
Investigações acerca de ações interdisciplinares na área de Ciências da Natureza no Ensino Médio
Authors: Carrazoni Lopes Viçosa Cátia Silene , De Lima Soares Emerson , Spat Taha Marli , Roehrs Rafael
Published: June 2023

Este trabalho objetivou pesquisar a interdisciplinaridade na percepção e no cotidiano de professores na área de Ciências da Natureza, em uma escola estadual de Ensino Médio, Uruguaiana/RS, bem como verificar a contribuição de ações interdisciplinares no processo de ensino aprendizagem dos educandos nesta área do conhecimento. A pesquisa caracteriza-se por ser quali-quantitativa, como instrumento de coleta de dados utilizou-se pré e pós questionários com questões fechadas e abertas, e como proposta interdisciplinar foi explorado de maneira conceitual e prática o espectro da luz visí­vel. Para análise dos dados foi utilizada a Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin. Os resultados indicaram que os professores não trabalham interdisciplinarmente, mas que almejam essa possibilidade. A proposta interdisciplinar desenvolvida superou a fragmentação de conteúdos, contribuindo favoravelmente na aprendizagem dos alunos, despertando o interesse nas aulas e oportunizando a discussão e reflexão sobre o meio em que estão inseridos. Conclui-se assim, a importância da formação continuada, que forneça aporte aos professores, discuta a interdisciplinaridade e contribua em novas concepções sobre o tema. Aponta-se também ser essencial a busca de condições para desenvolve-la como perspectiva de articular diferentes disciplinas, instigando os educandos a ampliar suas potencialidades e ultrapassando o refletir fragmentado.
#Sou+carioca: um estudo de caso acerca do consumo de tours organizados pelos moradores do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Bottino Caroline Martins de Melo , Costa Amanda Danelli
Published: June 2023

O presente artigo desperta uma discussão a respeito do conceito de turismo interno na atualidade. Por muito tempo, diferenciamos a prática do lazer da atividade turí­stica tomando por base a premissa do deslocamento do seu entorno habitual. Contudo, o turismo como qualquer fenômeno, vem sofrendo mudanças constantes e se adaptando às novas demandas e expectativas sociais e de mercado. Sendo assim, nos propusemos a refletir, no presente trabalho, a respeito do consumo de tours organizados, pelos habitantes da localidade em que são ofertados. A cidade do Rio de Janeiro, considerada a história de um dos mais reconhecidos destinos da contemporaneidade, enseja um espaço amplo de discussões a respeito da atividade turí­stica, seja pelos atrativos que oferta, pelos eventos que recebe ou pela forma como constrói e promove sua imagem. No contra fluxo das empresas de turismo da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, surgiu a Sou+Carioca para oferecer passeios guiados, pelos atrativos turí­sticos consagrados, aos seus residentes. Um atestado caso de sucesso que vem ganhando concorrentes e movimentando o mercado, nos levando ao seguinte questionamento: podemos fazer turismo dentro da nossa própria cidade?
El surgimento de uma estética urbana en la poesia hispano-americana de vanguardia
Authors: Kerik Rotenberg Claudia Miriam
Published: June 2023

El surgimiento de una nueva estética para remitir a la ciudad a comienzos del siglo XX es indisociable de la labor emprendida por las vanguardias históricas. La apropiación de recursos poéticos provenientes del Futurismo italiano y del Cubismo francés hizo posible la representación de la ciudad moderna en la poesí­a hispanoamericana en versiones propias que pusieron de manifiesto el fecundo diálogo intertextual entre poetas a uno y otro lado del mundo. Éste trabajo esboza el camino seguido por algunos poetas y pone el énfasis en el uso innovador de la letra como elemento protagónico de la poesí­a de raigambre futurista y cubista, como recurso original que abrió el camino para una revolución visual en el espacio del poema que perimitió la recreación del espacio de la ciudad.
Experiência na cidade e leitura da história: produção e circulação da história em Manguinhos, uma favela carioca.
Authors: Silva Daniel Pinha
Published: June 2023

O artigo discute os desafios impostos à produção e difusão do conhecimento histórico em narrativas que tematizem a ação de sujeitos que vivenciam a experiência da cidade em uma condição especí­fica, qual seja, a de moradores de favelas. Esta reflexão é impulsionada pela análise de um caso: o preparo e a circulação da exposição itinerante "Manguinhos: território em transe" , sobre a história da ocupação e das disputas sociais ocorridas na favela de Manguinhos, localizada na zona do Rio de Janeiro. Duas questões orientam esta reflexão: em que medida o contexto de experiência na favela, marcado pela condição hegemônica de negação a condições mí­nimas de cidadania afeta as narrativas históricas produzidas sobre territórios dessa natureza? De que modo esta relação com o território e a cidade moldam uma forma peculiar destes leitores compreenderem a história local, tornada pública naquela exposição?
El patrimonio en el ordenamiento territorial y la mirada desde el tejido social
Authors: Kulemeyer Jorge Alberto
Published: June 2023

Resumo: O patrimônio está vinculado estritamente com o público, com aquilo que é de todos e com o bem comum. Muitos elementos destacados do patrimônio cultural, como, por exemplo, um sí­tio arqueológico ou uma construção histórica, e outros do patrimônio natural (como o caso de um bosque ou de um rio) possuem uma clara existência fí­sica e constituem elementos preexistentes ao atual ordenamento territorial e, também, com relação a toda planificação do futuro. Por sua presença fí­sica imóvel, sua importância social e as considerações que tem relação com aspectos que fazem o tangí­vel e o intangí­vel, esse patrimônio converte-se em um ponto de partida básico a ter presente o iní­cio de todo o projeto ou atividade de ordenamento territorial.
Reflexões da Filosofia Moderna para a Geografia Fí­sica
Authors: Francisco Alyson Bueno
Published: June 2023

Este artigo visa apresentar reflexões da epistemologia das ciências sobre a Geografia Fí­sica, através de pensamentos dos filósofos empiristas Francis Bacon e David Hume, o racionalismo do filósofo René Descartes e as contribuições de Kant sobre as categorias de espaço e tempo. O pluralismo metodológico é importante para a Geografia devido sua amplitude temática e este texto considera a busca pelos estudos empí­ricos e experimentais na "árvore" e na restauração do conhecimento com base na filosofia de Francis Bacon, e a crí­tica à causalidade das concepções restritamente teóricas através de Hume. Descartes contribui na busca por um método como um caminho a ser percorrido visando criticar as ideias adquiridas previamente e através dos efeitos das experiências deve-se começar o estudo cientí­fico por meio de fatos particulares diante da "potência" da natureza. Na filosofia de Kant, espaço e tempo são categorias a priori necessárias aos estudos geográficos sobre a natureza. Por fim, são apresentados exemplos de estudos geográficos e suas contribuições para a cientificidade da Geografia.
A temática das mulheres na cultura histórica escolar através do material didático
Authors: Campoi Isabela Candeloro , De Paula Larissa Klosowski
Published: June 2023

Com as modificações ocorridas no campo da historiografia, novos objetos de estudos e novas temáticas adentraram o cenário dos estudos históricos colaborando para uma renovação das fontes de pesquisas, das metodologias e dos disseminadores da cultura histórica como um todo. Assim, uma das modificações ocorridas nesse processo resultou na ascensão da história das mulheres na historiografia, reflexo dessa revisão metodológica que afetou a escrita da História de modo geral, desembocando em uma tendência renovadora gradativamente repercutida na cultura histórica escolar. Partindo desses pressupostos, este artigo apresenta, por meio dos resultados de pesquisas bibliográficas acerca da temática, a ascensão da história das mulheres na historiografia, e, consequentemente, nos documentos que norteiam a educação e o ensino de História consubstanciado nos livros didáticos. Para tanto, foi importante considerar as reivindicações de movimentos sociais, no caso, o feminismo, como fator contribuinte neste processo, assim como as formas pelas quais a temática das mulheres compõe os documentos norteadores da educação e, por fim, os materiais didáticos, dos quais se optou pelas três coleções mais distribuí­das para a modalidade Ensino Médio no ano de 2015. Além disso, vale ressaltar que, embora muito se tenha avançado no que se refere à temática das mulheres, enquanto sujeitos do processo histórico, ainda há um longo caminho a ser percorrido quando se trata das formas pelas quais essa temática se encontra no material didático, principal disseminador da cultura histórica escolar.
Um longo caminho: a aprovação da lei 10.639/03 como fruto da luta do movimento social negro pelo direito à educação (1889-2003)
Authors: Silva Ricardo Tadeu Caires , Duarte Angelina
Published: June 2023

O presente texto busca reconstituir o longo caminho de lutas percorrido pelo movimento social negro até a promulgação da lei 10.639/03, que tornou obrigatório o Ensino da História e da Cultura Afro-Brasileira nos estabelecimentos de Ensino Fundamental e Médio no Brasil, cuja finalidade maior é a alteração do quadro de exclusão e invisibilidade com que a história e a cultura africana e afro-brasileira foram tratadas durante a maior parte da nossa história. Para tanto, realizamos uma revisão crí­tica da literatura sobre a História do movimento social negro, da educação dos negros no Brasil, bem como da legislação educacional brasileira. Como resultado, chegamos à conclusão de que o direito à educação sempre figurou como importante bandeira de luta do movimento negro brasileiro com vistas à conquista da cidadania plena por parte dos afrodescendentes. Nesse sentido, é possí­vel constatar que durante e ao longo de todo o regime republicano os negros procuraram se organizar para reivindicar o acesso à educação escolar, em seus diferentes ní­veis, bem como a inserção da História da África nos currí­culos escolares. Assim, ainda que a lei 10.639/03 não tenha incorporado todas as reivindicações do mencionado movimento, ela não deixa de trazer a forte marca das aspirações de ao menos três gerações de combativos militantes.
Palliative primary tumor resection in minimally symptomatic (asymptomatic) patients with colorectal cancer and synchronous unresectable metastases versus chemotherapy alone: a metaanalysis
Authors: Alimova Iu. V. , Shelygin Yu. A. , Rybakov E. G. , Alekseev M. V.
Published: June 2023

AIM: to evaluate outcomes (overall survival, rate of surgical intervention due to complications of first treatment, 30-day mortality rate) of palliative primary tumor resection (PTR) followed by chemotherapy and chemotherapy/ radiotherapy (chemo/RT) alone in patients with asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic colorectal cancer (CRC) and synchronous unresectable metastases.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: a meta-analysis based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Metaanalyses (PRISMA) guidelines was conducted on PubMed and Cochrane database. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were used as the treatment effect measure for comparing results. Combined overall effect measures were calculated for a random effect model. All analyses were performed using the Review Manager 5.3 software.

RESULTS: eighteen non-randomized studies, including a total of 2,999 patients (1,737 PTR and 1,262 chemo/RT) were identified. Gender, age, site of primary tumor and distant metastasis of patients were comparable between groups in all analyzed studies. Two-year (38.2% vs. 21.1%; OR 0.42; 95% CI 0.28–0.64; p < 0.0001) and 5-year (12.7% vs. 5.3%; OR 0.45; 95% CI 0.21–0.97; p = 0.04) overall survival rates were significantly higher in the PTR group than in the chemo/RT group. No significant differences in 30-day mortality rate between the two groups (1.7% vs. 1%; OR 1.92; 95% CI 0.79–4.68; p = 0.15). However, the rate of surgical intervention due to complications of first treatment was significantly lower in the PTR group comparing to the chemo/RT group (2.3% vs. 14.53%; OR 0.18; 95% CI 0.08–0.40; p < 0.0001). At the same time, one hundred and fourteen patients (13.8%; OR 0.19; 95% CI 0.09–0.40; p < 0.0001) in the chemo/RT group required surgery for symptoms associated with a primary tumor.

CONCLUSIONS: PTR in patients with asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic CRC and synchronous unresectable metastases significantly improves overall survival, allows to prevent surgical intervention due to complications related to primary tumor and is not associated with increased postoperative mortality rate comparing to systemic chemotherapy/radiotherapy as a treatment of first line. The current data are based on non-randomized comparative studies and data from early terminated randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and further well-designed RCTs are required.
Colorectal cancer: epidemiology, carcinogenesis, molecular subtypes and cellular mechanisms of therapy resistance (analytical review)
Authors: Maksimova P. E. , Golubinskaya E. P. , Seferov B. D. , Zyablitskaya E. Yu.
Published: June 2023

This article analyzes the statistical data on colorectal cancer in Russia and in the world, including incidence, mortality and survival. The main pathways of colorectal cancer carcinogenesis, molecular subtypes and their influence on the difference in lesions of the proximal and distal large intestine are presented. The paper provides an overview of the leading chemotherapy agents and targeted therapy in colorectal cancer, as well as the main reasons for the development of therapeutic resistance, including changes in the cellular microenvironment of the tumor.
Consensus on controversial issues of the surgery for Crohn’s disease by Delphi method
Authors: Shelygin Yu. A. , Achkasov S. I. , Reshetov I. V. , Mayev I. V. , Drapkina O. M. , Belousova E. A. , Vardanyan A. V. , Nanaeva B. A. , Abdulganieva D. I. , Adamyan L. V. , Namazova-Baranova L. S. , Razumovsky A. Yu. , Revishvili A. Sh. , Khatkov I. E. , Shabunin A. V. , Livzan M. A. , Sazhin A. V. , Timerbulatov V. M. , Khlynova O. V. , Yatsyk S. P. , Abdulkhakov R. A. , Alekseeva O. P. , Alekseenko S. A. , Bakulin I. G. , Barysheva O. Yu. , Blagovestnov D. A. , Bolikhov K. V. , Veselov V. V. , Vinogradov Yu. A. , Golovenko O. V. , Gubonina I. V. , Gulyaev A. A. , Dolgushina A. I. , Dyakonova E. Yu. , Zhigalova T. N. , Karpukhin O. Yu. , Knyazev O. V. , Kostenko N. V. , Loranskaya I. D. , Moskalev A. I. , Odintsova A. H. , Omelyanovsky V. V. , Osipenko M. F. , Pavlenko V. V. , Poluektova E. A. , Popov D. E. , Rodoman G. V. , Segal A. M. , Sitkin S. I. , Skalinskaya M. I. , Surkov A. N. , Tarasova L. V. , Uspenskaya Yu. B. , Frolov S. A. , Chashkova E. Yu. , Shapovalyants S. G. , Shifrin O. S. , Shcherbakova O. V. , Shchukina O. B. , Shkurko T. V. , Nazarov I. V. , Mingazov A. F.
Published: June 2023

AIM: to establish the consensus on controversial issues of the surgery for Сrohn’s disease by Delphi method.

METHODS: a cross-sectional study was conducted by the Delphi method. 62 experts voted intramural and anonymous (31.03.23). 5 statements from the current edition of clinical guidelines were selected for correction by working group and further voting [2]. Based on the practical experience of the working group and literature data, 3 new statements were created also. Statements that do not reach the required level of agreement (80% or more) will be subjected to Round 2 of the Delphi method.

RESULTS: all experts took part in the anonymous voting. The panel of experts is represented by 8 different areas of practical medicine and the median of the professional experience of the respondents was 30 (12–49) years. Of the 8 statements submitted for voting, consensus (80% or more) was reached on 6 out of 8. 2 statements have been revised by working group for the distance 2nd round of the Delphi study. Consensus (more than 80%) was reached on both.

CONCLUSION: a cross-sectional study by the Delphi method provided the opinions of a panel of experts on controversial issues in the surgical treatment of Crohn’s disease. Statements that reach consensus will be included by the working group in a new edition of clinical guidelines of Crohn’s disease.
Effectiveness of minimally invasive and surgical methods of treatment of chronic hemorrhoids using phlebotonics
Authors: Belik B. M. , Kovalev A. N.
Published: June 2023

PURPOSE: to evaluate the effect of phlebotropic therapy on the effectiveness of surgical treatment of hemorrhoids.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: a comparative evaluation of the results of treatment of 406 patients with chronic hemorrhoids of stages III and IV was performed. With surgical treatment of hemorrhoids, standard conservative therapy was performed in 205 patients (group I) and 201 patients (group II) in the perioperative period, as well as at the rehabilitation stage, the standard program of drug treatment was supplemented with phlebotropic therapy using Detralex (1000 mg).

RESULTS: in group II patients, compared with group I patients, pain syndrome was stopped faster, quality of life and working capacity were restored, and the period of epithelization of the anal canal wound was shortened (21.4 ± 1.7 days versus 26.8 ± 2.1 days). This made it possible to increase the number of good and satisfactory results of surgical treatment of hemorrhoids from 82.4% to 91.5%.

CONCLUSION: outpatient surgical treatment of hemorrhoids of stages III-IV in combination with phlebotropic therapy can reduce the number of postoperative complications from 17.6% to 8.5% and increase the overall number of good and satisfactory treatment results from 82.4% to 91.5% (p < 0.005).
Screening for colorectal cancer in employees of ROSTEСH enterprises in the Sverdlovsk region. Pilot project
Authors: Desyatov E. N. , Aliev F. Sh. , Tsvetkov M. S. , Verkhovodova I. S. , Yakovleva I. L.
Published: June 2023

AIM: to evaluate the pilot program results for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening of the Sverdlovsk region (April — October 2021)

PATIENTS AND METHODS: a pilot program of three-stage CRC screening included at the first stage, the fecal immunochemical test was performed (patients aged 45–65 years). The second stage included questionnaire. According to the results of the questioning, patients with a positive fecal test and a potential risk of CRC underwent colonoscopy at the third stage.

RESULTS: at the first and second stages, 969 fecal immunochemical tests and questionnaires were performed. In 149 (15.4%) cases, a positive fecal test was detected. In 22 cases, employees with a negative fecal test were referred for colonoscopy according to the results of the questionnaire. At the third stage, 168 screening colonoscopies were performed. In 87 (51.5%) patients, epithelial colorectal neoplasia was detected, adenoma — in 57 (33.7%) cases, adenocarcinoma in 4 (2.4%), including T0 — in 3 patients, T2 — in 1 patient. In 182 cases, neoplasia occurred in 17.6% in the rectum and in 82.4% in the colon.

CONCLUSION: colorectal cancer (CRC) screening showed high efficacy.
Bayesian synthetic likelihood for stochastic models with applications in mathematical finance
Authors: Maraia Ramona , Springer Sebastian , Härkönen Teemu , Simon Martin , Haario Heikki
Published: June 2023

We present a Bayesian synthetic likelihood method to estimate both the parameters and their uncertainty in systems of stochastic differential equations. Together with novel summary statistics the method provides a generic and model-agnostic estimation procedure and is shown to perform well even for small observational data sets and biased observations of latent processes. Moreover, a strategy for assessing the goodness of the model fit to the observational data is provided. The combination of the aforementioned features differentiates our approach from other well-established estimation methods. We would like to stress the fact that the algorithm is pleasingly parallel and thus well suited for implementation on modern computing hardware. We test and compare the method to maximum likelihood, filtering and transition density estimation methods on a number of practically relevant examples from mathematical finance. Additionally, we analyze how to treat the lack-of-fit in situations where the model is biased due to the necessity of using proxies in place of unobserved volatility.
Does a novel bridging collar in endoprosthetic replacement optimise the mechanical environment for osseointegration? A finite element study
Authors: Fraterrigo Giulia , Schileo Enrico , Simpson David , Stevenson Jonathan , Kendrick Ben , Taddei Fulvia
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Limb-salvage surgery using endoprosthetic replacements (EPRs) is frequently used to reconstruct segmental bone defects, but the reconstruction longevity is still a major concern. In EPRs, the stem-collar junction is the most critical region for bone resorption. We hypothesised that an in-lay collar would be more likely to promote bone ongrowth in Proximal Femur Reconstruction (PFR), and we tested this hypothesis through validated Finite Element (FE) analyses simulating the maximum load during walking.

Methods: We simulated three different femur reconstruction lengths (proximal, mid-diaphyseal, and distal). For each reconstruction length one in-lay and one traditional on-lay collar model was built and compared. All reconstructions were virtually implanted in a population-average femur. Personalised Finite Element models were built from Computed Tomography for the intact case and for all reconstruction cases, including contact interfaces where appropriate. We compared the mechanical environment in the in-lay and on-lay collar configurations, through metrics of reconstruction safety, osseointegration potential, and risk of long-term bone resorption due to stress-shielding.

Results: In all models, differences with respect to intact conditions were localized at the inner bone-implant interface, being more marked in the collar-bone interface. In proximal and mid-diaphyseal reconstructions, the in-lay configuration doubled the area in contact at the bone-collar interface with respect to the on-lay configuration, showed less critical values and trends of contact micromotions, and consistently showed higher (roughly double) volume percentages of predicted bone apposition and reduced (up to one-third) percentages of predicted bone resorption. In the most distal reconstruction, results for the in-lay and on-lay configurations were generally similar and showed overall less favourable maps of the bone remodelling tendency.

Discussion: In summary, the models corroborate the hypothesis that an in-lay collar, by realising a more uniform load transfer into the bone with a more physiological pattern, creates an advantageous mechanical environment at the bone-collar interface, compared to an on-lay design. Therefore, it could significantly increase the survivorship of endo-prosthetic replacements.
Next-generation cell line selection methodology leveraging data lakes, natural language generation and advanced data analytics
Authors: Goldrick Stephen , Alosert Haneen , Lovelady Clare , Bond Nicholas J. , Senussi Tarik , Hatton Diane , Klein John , Cheeks Matthew , Turner Richard , Savery James , Farid Suzanne S.
Published: June 2023

Cell line development is an essential stage in biopharmaceutical development that often lies on the critical path. Failure to fully characterise the lead clone during initial screening can lead to lengthy project delays during scale-up, which can potentially compromise commercial manufacturing success. In this study, we propose a novel cell line development methodology, referenced as CLD4, which involves four steps enabling autonomous data-driven selection of the lead clone. The first step involves the digitalisation of the process and storage of all available information within a structured data lake. The second step calculates a new metric referenced as the cell line manufacturability index (MICL) quantifying the performance of each clone by considering the selection criteria relevant to productivity, growth and product quality. The third step implements machine learning (ML) to identify any potential risks associated with process operation and relevant critical quality attributes (CQAs). The final step of CLD4 takes into account the available metadata and summaries all relevant statistics generated in steps 1–3 in an automated report utilising a natural language generation (NLG) algorithm. The CLD4 methodology was implemented to select the lead clone of a recombinant Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line producing high levels of an antibody-peptide fusion with a known product quality issue related to end-point trisulfide bond (TSB) concentration. CLD4 identified sub-optimal process conditions leading to increased levels of trisulfide bond that would not be identified through conventional cell line development methodologies. CLD4 embodies the core principles of Industry 4.0 and demonstrates the benefits of increased digitalisation, data lake integration, predictive analytics and autonomous report generation to enable more informed decision making.
An ex vivo preliminary investigation into the impact of parameters on tissue welding strength in small intestine mucosa-mucosa end-to-end anastomosis
Authors: Zhu Caihui , Yin Li , Xu Jianzhi , Liu Haotian , Xiang Xiaowei , Zhao Hui , Qiu Jian , Liu Kefu
Published: June 2023

Background: Tissue welding is an electrosurgical technique that can fuse tissue for small intestine anastomosis. However, limited knowledge exists on its application in mucosa-mucosa end-to-end anastomosis. This study investigates the effects of initial compression pressure, out-put power, and duration time on anastomosis strength ex vivo in mucosa-mucosa end-to-end anastomosis.

Methods:Ex vivo porcine bowel segments were used to create 140 mucosa-mucosa end-to-end fusions. Different experimental parameters were employed for fusion, including initial com-pression pressure (50kPa–400 kPa), output power (90W, 110W, and 140W), and fusion time (5, 10, 15, 20 s). The fusion quality was measured by burst pressure and optical microscopes.

Results: The best fusion quality was achieved with an initial compressive pressure between 200 and 250 kPa, an output power of 140W, and a fusion time of 15 s. However, an increase in output power and duration time resulted in a wider range of thermal damage. There was no significant difference between the burst pressure at 15 and 20 s (p > 0.05). However, a substantial increase in thermal damage was observed with longer fusion times of 15 and 20 s (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: The best fusion quality for mucosa-mucosa end-to-end anastomosis ex vivo is achieved when the initial compressive pressure is between 200 and 250 kPa, the output power is approximately 140W, and the fusion time is approximately 15 s. These findings can serve as a valuable theoretical foundation and technical guidance for conducting animal experiments in vivo and subsequent tissue regeneration.
The first solid-state route to luminescent Au(I)—glutathionate and its pH-controlled transformation into ultrasmall oligomeric Au10–12(SG)10–12 nanoclusters for application in cancer radiotheraphy
Authors: Deák Andrea , Szabó Pál T. , Bednaříková Vendula , Cihlář Jaroslav , Demeter Attila , Remešová Michaela , Colacino Evelina , Čelko Ladislav
Published: June 2023

There is still a need for synthetic approaches that are much faster, easier to scale up, more robust and efficient for generating gold(I)–thiolates that can be easily converted into gold–thiolate nanoclusters. Mechanochemical methods can offer significantly reduced reaction times, increased yields and straightforward recovery of the product, compared to the solution-based reactions. For the first time, a new simple, rapid and efficient mechanochemical redox method in a ball-mill was developed to produce the highly luminescent, pH-responsive Au(I)–glutathionate, [Au(SG)]n. The efficient productivity of the mechanochemical redox reaction afforded orange luminescent [Au(SG)]n in isolable amounts (mg scale), usually not achieved by more conventional methods in solution. Then, ultrasmall oligomeric Au10–12(SG)10–12 nanoclusters were prepared by pH-triggered dissociation of [Au(SG)]n. The pH-stimulated dissociation of the Au(I)–glutathionate complex provides a time-efficient synthesis of oligomeric Au10–12(SG)10–12 nanoclusters, it avoids high-temperature heating or the addition of harmful reducing agent (e.g., carbon monoxide). Therefore, we present herein a new and eco-friendly methodology to access oligomeric glutathione-based gold nanoclusters, already finding applications in biomedical field as efficient radiosensitizers in cancer radiotherapy.
Evaluation of silver bio-functionality in a multicellular in vitro model: towards reduced animal usage in implant-associated infection research
Authors: Cecotto Leonardo , Stapels Daphne A. C. , van Kessel Kok P. M. , Croes Michiel , Lourens Zeldali , Vogely H. Charles , van der Wal Bart C. H. , van Strijp Jos A. G. , Weinans Harrie , Amin Yavari Saber
Published: June 2023

Background

Despite the extensive use of silver ions or nanoparticles in research related to preventing implant-associated infections (IAI), their use in clinical practice has been debated. This is because the strong antibacterial properties of silver are counterbalanced by adverse effects on host cells. One of the reasons for this may be the lack of comprehensive in vitro models that are capable of analyzing host-bacteria and host-host interactions.

Methods and results

In this study, we tested silver efficacy through multicellular in vitro models involving macrophages (immune system), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs, bone cells), and S. aureus (pathogen). Our model showed to be capable of identifying each element of culture as well as tracking the intracellular survival of bacteria. Furthermore, the model enabled to find a therapeutic window for silver ions (AgNO3) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) where the viability of host cells was not compromised, and the antibacterial properties of silver were maintained. While AgNO3 between 0.00017 and 0.017 µg/mL retained antibacterial properties, host cell viability was not affected. The multicellular model, however, demonstrated that those concentrations had no effect on the survival of S. aureus, inside or outside host cells. Similarly, treatment with 20 nm AgNPs did not influence the phagocytic and killing capacity of macrophages or prevent S. aureus from invading MSCs. Moreover, exposure to 100 nm AgNPs elicited an inflammatory response by host cells as detected by the increased production of TNF-α and IL-6. This was visible only when macrophages and MSCs were cultured together.

Conclusions

Multicellular in vitro models such as the one used here that simulate complex in vivo scenarios can be used to screen other therapeutic compounds or antibacterial biomaterials without the need to use animals.
Trends in worldwide research on cardiac fibrosis over the period 1989–2022: a bibliometric study
Authors: Mao Yukang , Fu Qiangqiang , Su Feng , Zhang Wenjia , Zhang Zhong , Zhou Yimeng , Yang Chuanxi
Published: June 2023

Background

Cardiac fibrosis is a hallmark of various end-stage cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and a potent contributor to adverse cardiovascular events. During the past decades, extensive publications on this topic have emerged worldwide, while a bibliometric analysis of the current status and research trends is still lacking.

Methods

We retrieved relevant 13,446 articles on cardiac fibrosis published between 1989 and 2022 from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). Bibliometrix was used for science mapping of the literature, while VOSviewer and CiteSpace were applied to visualize co-authorship, co-citation, co-occurrence, and bibliographic coupling networks.

Results

We identified four major research trends: (1) pathophysiological mechanisms; (2) treatment strategies; (3) cardiac fibrosis and related CVDs; (4) early diagnostic methods. The most recent and important research themes such as left ventricular dysfunction, transgenic mice, and matrix metalloproteinase were generated by burst analysis of keywords. The reference with the most citations was a contemporary review summarizing the role of cardiac fibroblasts and fibrogenic molecules in promoting fibrogenesis following myocardial injury. The top 3 most influential countries were the United States, China, and Germany, while the most cited institution was Shanghai Jiao Tong University, followed by Nanjing Medical University and Capital Medical University.

Conclusions

The number and impact of global publications on cardiac fibrosis has expanded rapidly over the past 30 years. These results are in favor of paving the way for future research on the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of cardiac fibrosis.
Data-driven acoustic impedance inversion with reweighted L1 norm sparsity constraint
Authors: Zhao Lian , Lin Kai , Wen Xiaotao , Zhang Yuqiang
Published: June 2023

Acoustic impedance (AI) inversion is widely used in geophysics and reservoir prediction. But the traditional impedance inversion method cannot fully exploit the sparse characteristics of geological attributes. There are problems with multiplicity and low resolution. To solve this problem, a data-driven acoustic impedance inversion method with reweighted L1 norm constraints (DRL1) is proposed. In the inversion process, the reweighted L1 norm and local cross-correlation analysis are introduced to solve the above problems. The reweighted L1 norm is introduced as a sparse constraint (RL1) to replace the traditional inversion method which is constrained by L1 norm. The RL1 method can describe more sparsity information and improve the resolution of inversion. In addition, the quality of seismic data plays a decisive role in seismic inversion. We add local cross-correlation analysis to the inversion process. We evaluated the rationality of each sampling point in the seismic data by introducing cross-correlation analysis, controlling for their contribution to the inversion, making inversion results more stable and accurate. The inversion objective function is solved by the alternating direction multiplier method (ADMM) algorithm and soft threshold shrinkage algorithm. Finally, we validate the effectiveness of the proposed method through model tests and field data. The results show that our proposed method not only provides a more accurate portrayal of the stratigraphy, but also yields more accurate inversion results.
Microscopic characterization of residual particles from filtered drinking water and determination of statistical indicators regarding identified deposits
Authors: Crișan Horea-George , Crișan Oana-Adriana , Bîrleanu Corina , Pustan Marius , Șerdean Florina
Published: June 2023

The study shows the findings of a microscopic examination of samples of filtered water obtained using five different types of filters. The novelty of the approach to the research carried out in this paper consisted in using of a statistical mathematical model that confers increased accuracy on the resulting values, with the aim of characterizing the efficiency and quality of drinking water filters intended for the general public for domestic consumption at the national level. Atomic force microscopy was used to carry out the analysis, and particular mathematical models were used to statistically evaluate the findings. The paper explains the methodology used, including details on the laboratory setup, the steps finished, and the tools used to accomplish the suggested goals. With an emphasis on the three dimensions of the particles—height, diameter, and arithmetic roughness—the findings from the microscopic analysis of the particle deposits on the filtered water samples are given and tabular indexed. As a result, it was feasible to use a computational mathematical model to identify the statistical indicators of the values recorded in the samples that underwent microscopical analysis. Following the application of the mathematical model, the findings were centralized, and their correlation was analyzed using graphical representations. The results led to the concrete identification of the impurity degree of drinking water filtered by consumer means.