bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Promoting Domestic Commerce for Sustainable Pro-poor Growth
Authors: Nadeem Ul Haque
Published: August 2018

To frame the issue, two characteristics of Pakistan should be noted. First, Pakistan has a very large market of 160 million people. For decades, this fact has been ignored in policy because of the focus on production and exports.1 Second, a large and growing population has now produced a huge youth bulge in the population which will work itself out for much of this century: 50 percent of the population is “under 20”.2 Progress of the spread of education has been slow, leaving this bulge largely unskilled, and hence with limited employment possibilities. Domestic commerce is the most pro-poor growth possibility in the country. Currently, it employs about 40 percent of the labour force and contributes about 52 percent to GDP. If it can be provided with an enabling environment, our estimates suggest that it could help increase the growth rate by at least 2 percentage points. In addition, a pick up of activity in this area would increase employment substantially. Following this agenda would need a huge increase in construction activity, strong development in hotelling, retail shop, transport, warehousing, storage, and other service industries. The employment impact of this would be far larger than through investment in any other sector.
Quantifying the Extent and Nature of Risk in Alternative Cropping Patterns in Claveria, Philippines
Authors: Abedullah  , Mubarik Ali
Published: August 2018

The study develops a formulation to decompose variability in profit into price and production effects. The production effect is further segregated into management and weather effects. The formulation is used to compare and decompose risk in the profit of three existing cropping patterns (corn-corn, corn-fallow, and rice-fallow) in the rainfed areas of Claveria, northern Mindanao, Philippines. High variability and low profitability of the crops in a more risky season (dry in our case) can limit cropping intensities in rainfed areas. However, intensification of the crops during the less risky season (wet in our case) can provide the necessary stake to invest in the risky season crops. Although weather is the dominant factor in explaining total variability, this should not be interpreted as a general rule for all agricultural environments. In an environment where input intensity is high, and input-output markets are inefficient, management and price effects can dominate the weather effect. JEL classification: Q12 Keywords: Cropping Pattern, Weather Risk, Management Risk, Price Risk, Profit, Expected Utility
Jan-Peter Hartung and Helmut Reifeld (eds). Islamic Education, Diversity and National Identity: Dini Madaris in India Post-9/11. New Delhi: Sage Publications. 2005. 331 pages. Indian Rs 380.00. Paperback.
Authors: Samina Nazli
Published: August 2018

This book deals with a current subject, particularly reflecting the fallout from the 9/11 events in the USA. For years dini madaris (religious schools) have contributed to Muslim educational development in India as well as across the border in Pakistan. As a consequence of 9/11, these religious schools have come under the spotlight with respect to their curriculum and whether they are turning out fanatics bent on destabilising the existing political and economic order, domestically as well as internationally. This has become all the more important because in the western world-view these religious schools encourage an extremely narrow frame of mind. Such schools, according to the western world-view, promote violence (i.e., terrorism), have hidden sources of funding, operate secretly, and impact significantly on the political front.
Three Attempts at Inflation Forecasting in Pakistan
Authors: Madhavi Bokil
Published: August 2018

This paper presents three empirical approaches to forecasting inflation in Pakistan. The preferred approach is a leading indicators model, in which broad money growth and private sector credit growth help forecast inflation. A univariate approach also yields reasonable forecasts, but seems less suited to capturing turning-points. A vector autoregressive (VAR) model illustrates how monetary developments can be described by a Phillips-curve-type relationship. We deal with potential parameter instability on account of fundamental changes in Pakistan’s economic system by restricting our sample to more recent observations. Aspects of Gregorian and Islamic calendar seasonality are addressed by using 12-month moving averages.
Predictability in Stock Returns in an Emerging Market: Evidence from KSE 100 Stock Price Index
Authors: Khurshid M. Kiani
Published: August 2018

We investigate the persistence in monthly KSE100 excess stock returns over the Treasury bills rates using non-Gaussian state space or unobservable component model with stable distributions and volatility persistence. Results from our non-Gaussian state space model, which is an improvement over Conard and Kaul (1988), show that the conditional distribution has a stable of 1.748 and normality is rejected even after accounting for GARCH. There exists a statistically significant predictable component in the KSE 100 excess stock returns. The optimal predictor in the unconditional expectation of the series is estimated to be 0.18 percent per annum. An evidence of highly nonconstant scales in different periods of time exhibits a tendency towards stock market crashes which invites remedial policy action.
Remittances, Trade Liberalisation, and Poverty in Pakistan: The Role of Excluded Variables in Poverty Change Analysis
Authors: Rizwana Siddiquii
Published: August 2018

This paper explores the impact of two shocks, trade liberalisation policies and decline in remittances, on welfare and poverty in Pakistan. It begins by reviewing the economy, which reveals that during the Nineties although import tariffs were reduced by 55 percent, poverty however remained higher in this period than in the Eighties. At the same time, Pakistan has experienced a slow down in the inflow of remittances, which reduces the incomes of households and puts pressure on the exchange rate resulting in reduction in the inflow of imports despite a reduction in import duties. Thus, in the absence of the effects of decline in remittances, the analysis of the impact of trade liberalisation policies may render biased results. This study overcomes this constriction and analyses the impact of trade liberalisation policies in the absence and presence of decline in remittances in a CGE framework with all the features necessary for trade policy analysis with poverty and remittances linkages. The simulation results show that a decline in remittances reduces the gains from trade liberalisation. The negative impact of remittance decline dominates the positive impact of trade liberalisation in urban areas. But, the positive impact of trade liberalisation dominates the negative impact of a decline in remittances in the case of rural areas. Poverty rises in Pakistan as a whole. It shows that the decline in remittance inflows is a major contributory factor in explaining the increase in poverty in Pakistan during the Nineties.
Improving the Quality of Population Census 2008
Authors: Naushin Mahmood
Published: August 2018

Census data generates information on total population count and its various socio-economic and demographic characteristics disaggregated by age and sex from national to provincial and down to district, tehsil and village level. The utility of these data is crucial for studying historical trends and for planning and formulating development programmes, especially for the recently devolved set up of administration. The next Population and Housing Census is likely to be carried out in 2008. The procedure of census data collection is lengthy and costly, and data compilation and its tabulation are subject to errors and inadequacies which have strong implications for policy formulation. Reporting errors during the data collection stage are also common, which need to be minimised...........................This Policy Viewpoint has been prepared by Naushin Mahmood, Ghulam Yasin Soomro, G. M. Arif, M. Framurz Khan Kiani, and Khalid Hameed Sheikh.
The Relationship between Income Distribution and the Cost of Environmental Management in Australia
Authors: Seeme Mallick
Published: August 2018

Australia is highly dependent on its natural resources; therefore it needs to develop a national accounting system whereby the concept of natural resource asset depletion is incorporated into its national income accounts. The present study suggests that if the national income accounting system of the economy is deficient in highlighting the gap in estimated income and sustainable income, then such a system needs to be improved [Ahmed and Mallick (1997)]. In a previous analysis of the Australian economy [Mallick, Sinden, and Thampapillai (2000)], showed that reconciliation between the goals of sustainability and employment may be achieved by a real wage reduction of approximately 8-10 percent. The analysis was structured within the framework of a simple Keynesian model of income determination and a Cobb-Douglas production function.
Perception Survey of Civil Servants: A Preliminary Report
Authors: Nadeem Ul Haque
Published: August 2018

Despite various attempts at reforming the civil services the common perception seems to be that the system essentially remains similar to that inherited from the colonial past. Worse still, little is known about the perceptions of civil servants on various issues in civil service reforms. Against this backdrop, the Pakistan Institute of Development Economics conducted a perception survey of civil servants seeking their views on recruitment, training, performance evaluation, job satisfaction, and relationship with the private sector. This preliminary report highlights the key findings of the survey. Section 2 sets out the survey methodology. Sections 3 to 7 respectively highlight the survey findings with respect to recruitment, postings and training, performance evaluation, job satisfaction, bureaucracy, private sector, and institutions and reforms.
Determinants of Exports in Developing Countries
Authors: Muhammad Tariq Majeed
Published: August 2018

According to the orthodox classical economist as well to the modern liberal view trade is equivalent to an engine of economic growth. Exports promotion strategy is often in accordance with the principle of comparative advantage, when a country specialises in a product, which it can produce competitively. The goods become available to the community of the world at cheaper prices. The markets are extended. The internal and external economies are attained. Income and employment levels expand. Consequently process of economic development is facilitated. In a nutshell, putting more emphasis on the promotion of exports would permit the optimal allocation of world resources and, therefore, returns from trade sector depend upon accelerating growth of exports. The proposition of FDI led exports growth is controversial in empirical literature. But the role of domestic investment is believed to be much important for export expansion strategies. In any case the importance of FDI, if any, cannot diminish the role of productive investment from the domestic economy. While private domestic investment can be regarded as a permanent and reliable channel to enhance production capacity, investment in public sector has been considered important, for example in roads, communication and other public goods and services that are essential to stimulate private investment. Furthermore, government has a decisive role through support for research and contract with foreign buyers as well as in facilitating access to credit to both directly and indirectly exporting terms.
Export Function Estimates for the Pakistan Carpet Industry
Authors: Sam Cameron
Published: August 2018

This paper explores the behaviour of exports of ‘exotic’ carpets/rugs from Pakistan over the period from 1970-2003. These rugs are sold purely for decorative purposes mainly to the major Western economies. This sector of world trade has been neglected by economists as there is only one study of Iranian carpet trade [Karimi (2003)] which has so far only been presented as a short abstract. In this paper we review the historic background to the carpet making industry in Pakistan and look at its current conditions of production. We then go on to estimate an error correction model using conventional trade-related explanatory variables which include the volatility of exchange rates which has been increasingly a focus of such research. The results are broadly supportive of the existing aggregate and disaggregate literature for other countries. Given that the dominant rival supplier—Iran was subjected to constant and varying trade volume rationing activities by the USA, we then attempt to take this into account using measures of Iranian trade disadvantage. These results show that the problems faced by Iranian exporters have had a statistically significant positive impact on the Pakistan carpet export supply function.
Participatory Development Praxis: A Case Study from Pakistan’s Punjab
Authors: Akmal Hussain
Published: August 2018

A programme, which began with the goal of overcoming poverty in rural Punjab within a decade, is historically unprecedented in this province for both its magnitude and complexity of effort. It was therefore clear from its inception that the PRSP would have to bring together a talented team of managers, each of whom could combine creativity with commitment. The challenge was to create a work culture in which this creativity and commitment could be sustained through an intensive work schedule and collective synergy. Since we were facing a unique set of circumstances in each of the eight regions where we started work, it was necessary to develop a management system that permitted sufficient space to each member of the team for independent thought and action, while at the same time, creating an environment for collective reflection and conceptualisation through which we could deepen the quality of social action. This report attempts to present the principles underlying the initial management style and work procedures of PRSP, while also reporting on the strategic plan we devised through initial field visits, the objectives we specified for the programme and the remarkable results that were achieved in the first four months.
Community and Economic Development in Pakistan: The Case of Citizen Community Boards in Hafizabad and a Japanese Perspectives
Authors: Takashi Kurosaki
Published: August 2018

In 2001, a scheme called Citizen Community Board (CCB), a kind of community-based organisation (CBO), was introduced in Pakistan as a devolution policy, under which local people propose to the local government development projects through forming a CCB and upon approval the local government funds 80 percent of the project cost. Since 2001, however, both the number of CCBs and that of approved projects have been below the expected level. This raises a concern that the Pakistani society with limited historical experience in CBO-based development is too handicapped for the CCB scheme to be successful. Although the number of empirical studies on Pakistan’s CCB scheme has been increasing [e.g., see Cheema and Mohmand (2004), Cheema, et al. (2006)], our understanding on conditions for a success of such schemes is limited. This paper thus attempts to analyse the conditions in the context of community and economic development in Pakistan from Japanese Perspectives.
The Impact of Global Cotton and Wheat Prices on Rural Poverty in Pakistan
Authors: David Orden  , Abdul Salam  , Reno Dewina
Published: August 2018

The incidence of rural poverty in Pakistan increased during the late 1990s after having declined during the 1980s and early 1990s. A number of structural factors have been identified as contributing to rural poverty in Pakistan. Among them are low levels of health and education spending and the unequal of farmland distribution. These structural factors help explain the levels of poverty in Pakistan, but not the increase in poverty in the late 1990s. One hypothesis is that the increase in rural poverty is the result of an adverse trend in world commodity prices, particularly cotton, a major commercial crop, and other agricultural commodities such as wheat, rice, and sugar. The overall objective of this paper is to measure the impact of changes in world commodity prices on poverty in rural Pakistan, with particular focus on cotton prices and the main cotton producing districts of Punjab and Sindh provinces.
Is Good Governance an Approach to Civil Service Reforms?
Authors: Muhammad Iqbal
Published: August 2018

The Civil Service refers to the body of officials who carry out functions of government under the direction and supervision of the head of government [Rahman (1998), p. 2]. Excluded in this definition are employees of state-owned enterprises, the army, teachers, the judiciary and the police who, together with civil servants, collectively constitute the public sector. It is the civil service, and not the public sector, which will be the focus of this paper. Civil Service arrangements have emerged as important mediating institutions which interface between the state and its citizens. Traditionally these were monolithic, centralised, powerful structures with immense power over the management of the affairs of a nation, and often not very responsive to the changing needs of governance and public management.
Governance and Pro-poor Growth: Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Rashida Haq
Published: August 2018

The issue of governance has gained importance over the last two decades and became a key component of policies for economic development. Good governance acts as a positive force to influence economic growth. A growing amount of available evidence suggests that lack of quality governance hinders growth and investment, and aggravates poverty and inequality. In fact, governance problem foil every effort to improve infrastructure, attract investment, and raise educational standard. As the developing countries are characterised by weak institutions, low growth, poverty and inequality all which translate into low levels of human development. The multiplicative effects of these outcomes result in poverty traps that are extremely difficult to break out. This state of affairs has forced governments to embark on a wide range of reforms in their institutions of governance and economies with the goal of achieving economic growth.
An Evaluation of the Performance of Government of Pakistan
Authors: Farooq Rasheed
Published: August 2018

The use of social and economic indicators to evaluate and rank governments’ performance is often found in literature. The Anglo-Commonwealth and Scandinavian countries rest on the surveillance of work in the various ministries. This performance accounting approach thus becomes crucial for any regime to perform superlatively to their predecessors and thus it provides the basis to suggest why it is important to inspect governance of a government. Government’s efficacy also depends on the magnitude of the welfare that it is able to achieve. Debate on welfare is dated back to Adam Smith at-least. Now the question is what should be the welfare gauging indicators. We understand that, issues related to poverty, land utilisation, agriculture and industrial sectors, health services, education, growth rate of national income, per capita income, employment, etc. are important factors that can explain welfare status of a nation. Thus by developing an index based on performance in these areas, various political regimes can be evaluated and ranked. These evaluations and rankings set standards for future governments to improve. Thus these studies can be useful for developing and improving social welfare standards.
Economics and Governance (The Presidential Address)
Authors: NadeemUl Haque
Published: August 2018

Ladies and Gentlemen, in the 60 years of postcolonial development, Pakistan and many other poor countries have followed many prescriptions that promised development. These countries went through phases of planning and controls, nationalisations and socialism, industrialisation strategies based on licenses and protection, the Washington consensus and many other prescriptions. Billions of dollars in loans and aid have been consumed. Yet poverty has not been eliminated and any low income countries remain in that category.
The Use of Instructional Media in Improving Student’s Skill in Essay Writing Through Blended Learning Platform
Authors: Handoko Handoko , Putri Dwi Anggreini Waskito , Antaridha
Published: August 2018

The research focuses on the use of instructional media in the blended learning platform that to improve students' ability in writing essays. The research is based on the blended learning framework that integrates face -to-face methods and online learning methods. The face-to-face method is given to see students' activeness in delivering ideas and brainstorming before writing essays. The online learning method is used to see students' ability in elaborating ideas in from drafting to become a complete essay. Thus students can be effective in learning in class to discuss their draft and essay and not spend much time writing. The implementation of the blended learning is carried out in three cycles: brainstorming, drafting, and final writing. At the end of each cycle, there is an evaluation to find out the progress of the learning. Feedback is given from the evaluation results to overcome problems that arise in the previous cycle. The subjects of the research are students of Universitas Andalas who di vided as control class and experimental class. The purpose of this study is (a) short-term; To help overcome student problems and improve their ability to write essays in English (b) long-term is to provide a basis for learning models of English writing essays at universities. The pretest indicates that the 59% participants from the control class have a low score (below 60) while in experimental class about 60% participants get a score below 60. It is expected after the implementing of blended learning, there will be a significant improvement of essay score.
No Longer in a ‘Dry Spell’: The Developing Understanding of How Sex Influences Romantic Relationships
Authors: Maxwell Jessica A. , McNulty James K.
Published: August 2018

Sex is a defining feature of romantic relationships; yet, only recently has research into the implications of sexual processes for such relationships proliferated. We review this work to illustrate how considering the way in which sexual processes influence relationships can help bridge theoretical and empirical work outside and within relationship science. We begin by providing a novel organizational framework for considering how sexual processes influence relationships, illustrating how they can be a (a) direct predictor of relationship outcomes, (b) mechanism that explains important associations, and (c) moderator that alters relationship dynamics. We then situate these findings within a dual-process framework for understanding of how sex influences relationships and conclude by highlighting several open questions and methodological challenges that remain for future research. Our goal is to demonstrate how considering sexual functioning in light of a variety of theoretical perspectives adds to, and sometimes alters, what we know about relationship dynamics.
‘Make The Connection’ Parenting Skills Program: A Controlled Trial of Associated Improvement in Maternal Attitudes
Authors: O'Neill Amy , Swigger Kimberley , Kuhlmeier Valerie A.
Published: August 2018

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of Make the Connection (MTC), an attachment focused parent training program, in fostering positive maternal attitudes thought to underlie sensitive responding. Background: Effective early intervention programs for ‘at risk’ parents are likely to promote healthy development and mitigate various negative outcomes associated with insecure attachment in infancy. Negative maternal attitudes and cognitions are thought to underlie insensitive parenting behaviour, and thus constitute a promising target for intervention.Methods: 180 mothers of infants between 3 and 8 months of age were assigned to experimental or waitlist control groups based on program availability in their region. Mothers completed questionnaires assessing parental attitudes at baseline, and again either after participating in MTC or after a 9-week waitlist period.Results: Participants who completed MTC showed significant improvement in overall attitude with a medium effect size relative to the waitlist control group, which showed no change. A small but significant interaction with infant age was noted, such that mothers of younger infants showed slightly more attitude improvement relative to those with older infants. Relative to the control group, participation in Make the Connection was associated with significant improvement in all attitudes except for self efficacy as a parent, which improved with time regardless of program participation.Conclusion: Make the Connection is effective in promoting positive parent-to-infant attachment and is a strong candidate for public health initiatives targeting parenting skills.
Classic papers: using Google Scholar to detect the highly-cited documents
Authors: Orduna-Malea Enrique , Martín-Martín Alberto , López-Cózar Emilio Delgado
Published: August 2018

In June 2017 Google Scholar launched a new product called Classic Papers. This service currently displays the most cited English-language original research articles by fields and published in 2006. The main goal of this work is to describe the main characteristics and features of this Google Scholar’s new service, as well as to highlight its main strengths and weaknesses. To do this, a total of 2,515 records were extracted. Additionally, for each record, the following bibliographic data were gathered: broad subject category and subcategory, Title of the document, URL, Authors, Google Scholar Citation profiles’ URL, and Citations received. It is finally concluded that, although the product is easy to use and provides original data about highly cited documents at the level of disciplines, it still suffers of some methodological concerns, mainly related to the subject classification of documents and the use of homogenous visualization threshold regardless the discipline, that jeopardizes the utility of this product for bibliometric purposes. In addition to this, the lack of transparency constitutes a methodological concern, since Google Scholar does not to declare in detail how the product has been developed.
Untersuchungen zur verlässlichen Messung der Härte nach dem UCI – Verfahren (Ultrasonic Contact Impedance)
Authors: Diekhoff Paul , Hensel Jonas , Nitschke-Pagel Thomas , Dilger Klaus
Published: August 2018

Kurzfassung

Bei der Herstellung von Stahltragwerken nach DIN EN 1090 sowie bei der allgemeinen Materialprüfung ist die Messung der Härte Bestandteil der normgerechten Bauteilprüfung. Dabei wird zumeist die konventionelle stationäre Vickershärteprüfung gefordert. Beispielsweise werden bei der Erzeugung von thermischen Schnittkanten obere Grenzwerte für die Härte vorgeschrieben, die es folglich zu überprüfen gilt. Die Ermittlung der tatsächlich vorliegenden Härte an derartigen technischen Oberflächen stellt sich in der Praxis jedoch als schwierig dar, da die hohen Härten verfahrensbedingt nur in dünnen Schichten vorliegen und die zugänglichen Oberflächen der Schnittkanten Schneidriefen aufweisen. Die umständliche Verfahrensprüfung und die normgerechte Härtemessung an metallografischen Schliffen sind selbstverständlich möglich, aufgrund des hohen experimentellen Aufwands jedoch nicht immer praxistauglich. Im Zusammenhang mit der rechtlichen Produkthaftung, die für jedes gefertigte Bauteil gewährt werden muss, besteht unmittelbarer Bedarf an einem Verfahren zur verlässlichen Ermittlung der Härte, auch an nicht normgerecht vorbereiteten Oberflächen.
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of sand of varied particle size and water content using the three-electrode system
Authors: Xie Ruizhen , Chen Zhengguang , Feng Chen , He Bin , Ma Fuli , Han Pengju , Chen Y. Frank
Published: August 2018

The EIS behavior, corrosiveness, and seepage structure of sand of varied water content were studied by means of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy under the three-electrode system. The results show that the effect of void geometry on the impedance modulus disappears at the high frequency range. However, the impedance modulus is greatly affected by the pore geometry and the effect is greater for standard sand with increased randomness when the frequency is under 5 Hz. The pore structure of standard sand increases Re by an order of magnitude and the increase is more obvious when water content is low. By contrast, Rt decreases with increasing water content. The corrosiveness of the sand system increases with increasing water content. The electrochemical process of a wet sand system shifts from a kinetic control process to a material transfer control process as frequency changes from a high to a low range. The hydraulic radius, a parameter of the seepage structure, fluctuates between 0.01 and 0.03 mS. The magnitude of W, showing a change in tortuosity T, fluctuates between 10−5 and 10−6.
Enculturación Científica Através de la Interdisciplinariedad de las Cuestiones
Authors: Navarro Yadira Alexandra Pinzón , Martínez Leidy Viviana Salazar , Martinez Perez Leonardo Fabio
Published: August 2018

En este artículo se presenta el análisis de los resultados obtenidos de una investigación, en torno al abordaje de la interdisciplinariedad de las cuestiones sociocientíficas (CSC) en el proceso de enculturación científica, a partir del estudio de las interacciones discursivas entre los estudiantes y el profesor en clases de ciencias en el transcurrir de la discusión de dos CSC: riego de hortalizas con agua del río Bogotá y la  legalización de la dosis personal. La investigación se realizó bajo una metodología cualitativa, en función de comprender e interpretar la realidad del escenario y participantes observados. De lo cual se evidenció que los estudiantes durante el desarrollo de dos unidades didácticas, articularon sus experiencias de vida o sus saberes cotidianos con los temas tratados en las CSC. Lo que llevó en cierta medida a la ampliación paulatina de su vocabulario al utilizar términos científicos para comprender y explicar cierta situación.
Produtos Educacionais: Diálogo Entre Universidade e Escola
Authors: Da Rosa Cleci Cleci T. Werner , Locateli Aline
Published: August 2018

O presente texto refere-se a um ensaio e envolve discussões e reflexões acerca da constituição dos produtos educacionais e seu papel do sistema educacional. De modo particular, o texto, apoiando-se na perspectiva de Yves Chevallard, localiza os produtos educacionais na esfera do saber ensinado e caracterizado como aquele diretamente vinculado à sala de aula, ao professor e ao aluno. Nesse contexto, traz-se ao debate a importância de programas nacionais que incentivam a produção desses materiais, como o Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência e os mestrados profissionais. A partir disso, e como exemplo, são descritos produtos educacionais desenvolvidos no âmbito dos dois programas, demonstrando a forma como eles têm sido produzidos e implementados no contexto educacional. Por fim, o texto ressalta a importância do diálogo entre a universidade e a escola, prioridade nesses programas, pois influencia diretamente a elaboração dos produtos educacionais.  
A prática clínica frente a abertura de protocolo de morte encefálica
Authors: Melo Camila Mumbach , Nascimento Patrick Borba , Benetti Eliane Raquel Rieth , Bonfada Mônica Strapazzon , Rodrigues Francisco Carlos Pinto , Bittencourt Vivian Lemes Lobo
Published: August 2018

Objetivo: Descrever a experiência vivenciada por acadêmicos de enfermagem frente a abertura de protocolo de morte encefálica em unidade de terapia intensiva durante o estágio supervisionado I do curso de graduação de enfermagem. Metodologia: Refere-se a um estudo qualitativo, descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência, baseado na teoria de enfermagem do cuidado transpessoal proposto por Margaret Jean Watson. Resultados: Identificou-se falhas na comunicação entre a equipe e entre a equipe e a família, o que pode ter contribuído para não aceitação da doação dos órgãos do paciente do qual o relato trata. Conclusões: Nota-se a carência de profissionais habilitados frente aos processos da morte encefálica e todos seus aspectos envolventes, ressaltando a comunicação
Good corporate governance dan Ukuran Perusahaan Sebagai Stimulus Di Lakukannya Tax Management
Authors: Kusufiyah Yunita Valentina
Published: August 2018

The largest state revenue comes from tax revenues. This is evident from the data of the Central Bureau of Statistics in 2016 as much as 86.16% of state revenue derived from tax revenue. For the company, the tax is a expenses that must be paid so needed a strategy in doing the efficiency of the tax expenses (the tax savings). One such strategy is tax management. To perform a good tax management then it takes the implementation of good governance in a company. Another variable that becomes the stimulus of Tax Management is the size of the company. This study examines Good corporate governance and Corporate Size as Stimulus in Tax Management. The research was conducted at a banking company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Research methodology used in this research is regression analysis that is linear regression analysis. The findings in this study are institutional ownership, the proportion of independent board of commissioners has a positive and significant influence on tax management while the audit committee has no influence on tax management. Company size has a significant negative effect on tax management Keywords : Good Corporate Governance, size, Tax Managemet
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Persepsi Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi Mengenai Penggelapan Pajak pada KPP Pratama Lubuk Pakam
Authors: Marlina Marlina
Published: August 2018

The purpose of this study was to empirically prove the influence of partially or simultan tax examination intensity, quality of service tax, taxpayer compliance, justice, knowledge and understanding of the taxpayer, the tax system, tax discrimination and the possibility of detection of cheating against the perception of taxpayers about tax evasion on KPP Pratama Lubuk Pakam.The population in this research is the whole personal person taxpayer listed on KPP Pratama Lubukpakam 2015 which amounted to 167,946 people by using the sample Slovin formula according to as much as 100 samples with a proportional random and accidental sampling. Data analysis techniques using multiple linear regression with t-test statistical test, F test and koeficien determination..The results of the study prove that simultan tax examination intensity, quality of service tax, taxpayer compliance, justice, knowledge and understanding of the taxpayer, the tax system, tax discrimination and the possibility of detection of deception effect significantly to taxpayer perceptions about tax evasion.Partially intensity inspection tax, taxpayer compliance, justice, and the possibility of cheating detected no effect on perception of taxpayers about tax evasion, the quality of service of significant negative effect against the taxpayer perceptions about tax evasion, while the knowledge and understanding of the taxpayer, the tax system as well as a significant positive effect of tax discrimination to taxpayer perceptions about tax evasion
Profitabilitas Perbankan Dilihat dari Aspek Dana Pihak Ketiga, Kecukupan Modal dan Risiko Kredit
Authors: Mayliza Riri , Sari Lola Fitria
Published: August 2018

Banking is a financial institution that has an important role in the economic system in Indonesia. Economic development cannot be separated from the banking sector and various factors that can influence it. This study aims to examine the effect of third-party funds, capital adequacy and credit risk toward bank profitability. The sample used in this study are banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange and not experiencing delisting during the 2013 to 2015 observation period. Based on the results of multiple linear regression analysis it can be concluded that third-party funds and capital adequacy partially have a positive and significant impact on profitability. Meanwhile, credit risk partially has a negative and significant effect on profitability
Tingkat Kepuasan Nasabah Tabungan Sikoci Kasus Bank Nagari Cabang Pembantu UNP Padang
Authors: Anwar Saiful , Fernos Jhon
Published: August 2018

Analysis of Customer Satisfaction with Sikoci Savings at Bank Nagari Sub-Branch of UNP, to find out how satisfied the customers of Sikoci Savings, especially students, are in the facilities and facilities provided.  Sikoci Savings is Student Savings to get Student Identity Cards and ATMs, which can be used as SPP payments in any Bank Nagari ATM machine and as other financial transactions, which can facilitate students in paying tuition fees or SPP and other financial transactions.The method analysis statistic descriptive quantitative data collective from students UNP who have SIKOCI saving with non probability sampling use accidental sampling of 25 respondent July 2017. This research find from 5 dimention service quality generallay good but need improvement to maximize it. Keywords: Customer Satisfaction, Savings
NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF PLANE PROBLEM OF ELASTICITY THEORY USING BOUNDARY EQUATION METHOD
Authors: Khodzhiboev O. A.
Published: August 2018

The stress-strain state of a two-dimensional problem under the conditions of plane deformation is investigated using the method of boundary equations. A rectangular plate rigidly clamped into the base under conditions of plane deformation is studied under horizontal load distributed along the vertical face. Numerical experiments are carried out to analyze the stability of the solution, the convergence, and the accuracy of results obtained.
‘TAM 114’ Wheat, Excellent Bread‐Making Quality Hard Red Winter Wheat Cultivar Adapted to the Southern High Plains
Authors: Rudd Jackie C. , Devkota Ravindra N. , Ibrahim Amir M. , Baker Jason A. , Baker Shannon , Lazar Mark D. , Sutton Russell , Simoneaux Bryan , Opena Geraldine , Rooney Lloyd W. , Awika Joseph M. , Liu Shuyu , Xue Qingwu , Bean Brent , Duncan Robert W. , Seabourn Brad W. , Bowden Robert L. , Jin Yue , Chen Ming-Shun , Graybosch Robert A.
Published: August 2018

‘TAM 114’ (Reg. No. CV‐1146, PI 686860), a hard red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar with the experimental designation of TX07A001505, was developed and released by Texas A&M AgriLife Research in 2014. TAM 114 is an F6–derived line from the cross ‘TAM 111’/TX98A0050 made at Bushland, TX, in 1999. TAM 114 is an awned, medium‐maturing, semidwarf wheat with red glumes. It was released primarily for its extra‐strong baking properties as indicated by longer bake mix time, excellent mixing tolerance, and good loaf volume. TAM 114 has significantly higher grain yield than that of TAM 111 and ‘TAM 112’ in the Texas High Plains under both irrigated and dryland environments. It is high in grain volume weight, is resistant to leaf, stripe, and stem rusts, has a moderate level of resistance to Hessian fly biotypes GP and vH9, and has good acid soil tolerance. Compared with TAM 111 and TAM 112, which are currently the two most widely grown cultivars in Texas, TAM 114 has higher grain yield, higher grain volume weight, better leaf and stripe rust resistance, and better bread baking properties. It will provide a good complement to other hard red winter wheat cultivars for wheat producers, millers, and bakers and ultimately for consumers of wheat products in the southern US Great Plains.
Leistungspolitik als Feld "umkämpfter Arbeit"
Authors: Kratzer Nick , Menz Wolfgang , Nies Sarah , Sauer Dieter
Published: August 2018

Proceeding the assumption that the crisis of Fordism has led to a new regime of rationalisation which can be characterised by a market-oriented mode of production this article argues that the three major trends of development within the area of policies on performance - precarisation, standardisation and subjectivation - should not be seen as different or even rival interpretations of the current developments but rather as contradictory but stIll mterrelated elements of the process of "marketisation"o Therefore, a critical labour policy needs to address all of the three trends and to combine a perspective of resistance with a strategy of appropriation of the new forms of market-oriented control.
'Eastanizing'
Authors: Hinke Robert
Published: August 2018

With German unification the western and the eastern part of Germany were reunited to a new economy and social system, but not to a uniform one. The upcoming disparities are caused by more than the well known regional inequalities. In many aspects eastern Germany differentiates from the old West-Germany, in particular to the unconventional activity spheres of the trade unions. But neither the trade union research nor the well known trade union strategy recommendations pay attention to the special conditions in the new regions.
Gesicherte Freiheit?
Authors: Klose Alexander , Rottleuthner Hubert
Published: August 2018

This article presents a chronological overview of security legislation in (West)Germany, starting with anti-communist measures in the 1950s and 1960s, analyzing laws against "radicals", the RAF, and against organized crime, ending with "security-packages" after 9/11. Finally, the bulk of security legislation is criticized from a political as well as a legal-sociological point of view.
Alles relativ. Warum es in Deutschland keine Armut geben darf
Authors: Lessenich Stephan
Published: August 2018

The article throws a critical glance at the recent debate on the qnality and extent of poverty in Germany, a discussion provoked by the Government's publication of the third official "Report on Poverty and Wealth".
Geprellte Generationen. Zur Kritik der kritischen Sozialforschung am Beispiel des PROKLA-Heftes "Umkämpfte Arbeit"
Authors: Cubela Slave
Published: August 2018

The text is dealing with the current situation of critical sociology in general and critical labour studies in particular. It tries to show using the example of PROKLA 150 "Hard-Fought Labour" that current labour studies are pervaded by deep uncertainty concerning their aim and field of research and it tries to answer how educational expansion contributed to this constellation.
Die gegenwärtige Finanzkrise und die Grenzen der US-amerikanischen Geldpolitik
Authors: Evans Trevor
Published: August 2018

Since the 1980s, the US has developed a form of finance-led capitalism in which growth has been highly dependent on credit expansion and asset bubbles. Profitability has steadily climbed, and there has been a massive redistribution of income in favour of the top 1% of income earners. But the financial crisis which began in August 2007 and which deepened with the collapse of Lehman Brothers in September 2008 has left this model in ruins. As the traditional instruments of monetary policy proved ineffective the US state was obliged to partially nationalise the financial system. With banks unwilling to lend to even the best-known companies, the US economy is faced with a major recession which is likely to further exacerbate the difficulties facing the financial sector.
State of the Union
Authors: Choi Hae-Lin
Published: August 2018

For a long time trade unions in USA had an extreme weak position. With new practices of organizing especially SEIU (Services Employees International Union) had some success and was used as a model. But also inside SEIU new problems and conflicts grew. The future development of US trade uniqns is rather uncertain.
Neoliberalismus und Evangelikalismus in den USA
Authors: Solty Ingar
Published: August 2018

Recently, there has been much debate about the rise of an Evangelical Left in the United States. This debate has focused on the emergence of influential evangelical leaders breaking away from the Republican Party, such as Rick Warren. This debate mistakes a hegemonic crisis of (neo-)conservatism with a hegemonic crisis of neoliberalism. Instead, the evangelical movement in the United States needs to be analyzed in the context of neoliberalism and the decline of class-based forms of solidarity, which it replaced. Throughout their ascent, the evangelical institutions have inscribed themselves into and become a part of the neoliberal state. At the same time, the depth of the economic crisis, the remaining class character of the evangelical movement, the importance of evangelical churches as arenas of hegemonic struggles and, finally, the existing shift in national discourse in terms of the ecological question, the social question and the rehabilitation of the state vis-a-vis the market mark an opening of the political situation in the US that may eventually lead to a replacement of the current evangelical centrism by the actual Evangelical Left as part of a counter-hegemonic postneoliberal historic bloc.
Imbalance Water Deficit Improves the Seed Yield and Quality of Soybean
Authors: Iqbal Nasir , Hussain Sajad , Zhang Xiao-Wen , Yang Cai-Qiong , Raza Muhammad Ali , Deng Jun-Cai , Ahmad Shoaib , Ashgar Muhammad Ahsan , Zhang Jing , Yang Wenyu , Liu Jiang
Published: August 2018

Water imbalance condition (WIC) in a maize-soybean relay intercropping system is the main abiotic stress limiting biomass production and seed yield and, consequently, seed-quality. This experiment was started to study the effects of WIC on soybean, in which two soybean genotypes ND12 and C103 were grown in pots with roots split equally between two soil column and six WIC treatments (%) T1 (100), T2, (100:50), T3 (100:20), T4 (50:50), T5 (50:20), and T6 (20:20) field capacity on both sides of soybean roots were used. Results showed that both genotypes responded significantly to WIC treatments for all the parameters; however, the level of response differed between genotypes. Maximum osmoprotectants (except proline), biomass, yield and yield-related traits and superior seed quality were observed with ND12. Among WIC treatments, T2 and T3 produced 94% and 85%, and 93% and 81% of T1 biomass and yield, respectively. Similarly, treatments T2 and T3 also improved the oil quality by maintaining the content of unsaturated fatty acids and isoflavone content, while opposite trends were observed for protein content. Overall, moderate water reduction (T2 and T3) can improve soybean seed-quality and by selecting drought-resistant genotypes we can increase the soybean yield under intercropping systems.
Epigenetic Crosstalk between the Tumor Microenvironment and Ovarian Cancer Cells: A Therapeutic Road Less Traveled
Authors: Klymenko Yuliya , Nephew Kenneth P.
Published: August 2018

Metastatic dissemination of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) predominantly occurs through direct cell shedding from the primary tumor into the intra-abdominal cavity that is filled with malignant ascitic effusions. Facilitated by the fluid flow, cells distribute throughout the cavity, broadly seed and invade through peritoneal lining, and resume secondary tumor growth in abdominal and pelvic organs. At all steps of this unique metastatic process, cancer cells exist within a multidimensional tumor microenvironment consisting of intraperitoneally residing cancer-reprogramed fibroblasts, adipose, immune, mesenchymal stem, mesothelial, and vascular cells that exert miscellaneous bioactive molecules into malignant ascites and contribute to EOC progression and metastasis via distinct molecular mechanisms and epigenetic dysregulation. This review outlines basic epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, and non-coding RNA regulators, and summarizes current knowledge on reciprocal interactions between each participant of the EOC cellular milieu and tumor cells in the context of aberrant epigenetic crosstalk. Promising research directions and potential therapeutic strategies that may encompass epigenetic tailoring as a component of complex EOC treatment are discussed.