bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“We Are All Suffering Equally”: The Impact of the War on Muwalladin in Yemen
Authors: de Regt Marina , Aljaedy Aisha
Published: July 2024

This article focuses on the impact of the war on people of mixed Yemeni-African descent in Yemen. These so-called muwalladin have been the target of discriminatory practices for decades. Since the start of the civil war in Yemen, stigmatization and discrimination on the basis of one's family background has increased. Based on a qualitative study among muwalladin in Yemen we argue that discrimination on the basis of race and gender is highly prevalent in Yemen, even though many interviewees were of the opinion that differences between Yemenis had decreased as a result of the war because “everyone is suffering equally.” Indeed, the daily lives of the Yemeni population are affected on many different levels, yet those who are considered second class citizens based on the intersection of their gender, race, lineage, and skin color, are suffering more than others.
Narrative des Unendlichen
Authors: Mühr Stephan
Published: July 2024

Das Unendliche überlastet unsere Einbildungskraft: Wir können es denken, aber wir vermögen es nicht, seine Ausmaße zu erfassen. Wie ist in der europäischen Kulturgeschichte mit dieser Inkommensurabilität des Unendlichen umgegangen worden? Stephan Mühr behandelt das Phänomen nicht als essentiell-gegebenes, mathematisches Problem. Stattdessen erörtert er die jeweiligen Semantisierungen als Narrative, denn diese übertragen die ontologische Indifferenz des Unendlichen paradoxerweise in konkrete Darstellungen. An Fallbeispielen von Parmenides bis Popper wird somit deutlich, wie etwas erzählt wird, das nicht bestimmt werden kann.
Der demokratische Konföderalismus
Authors: Örtülü Müslüm
Published: July 2024

Der demokratische Konföderalismus strebt im Nahen und Mittleren Osten eine neue Gesellschaftsordnung jenseits des kapitalistischen Nationalstaatensystems an. Basisdemokratie, Geschlechterbefreiung und eine ökologisch-gemeinwohlorientierte Wirtschaft sollen an die Stelle hierarchischer, patriarchalischer und profitorientierter Strukturen treten. Doch woher kommt dieses Gesellschaftsmodell, was sind seine theoretischen Grundlagen und wie lässt es sich in einer kriegsgeschüttelten Region umsetzen? Müslüm Örtülü erörtert, ob der demokratische Konföderalismus tatsächlich eine Alternative zum »westlichen Entwicklungsweg« bietet - und ob in diesem Zuge auch eine Wiederaneignung von Politik, Wirtschaft und Wissen gelingen kann.
Writing Romantic Climate Change
Authors: Heise-von der Lippe Anya
Published: July 2024

In the Romantic period, women writers developed specific aesthetics and writing strategies in their engagements with climate change and climate catastrophe. Anya Heise-von der Lippe draws on intersectional feminist and ecocritical approaches to highlight gender as a complicating category in Romantic engagements with these topics. She addresses the ways in which gendered critical framings continue to resonate in current Anthropocene discourses that use Romantic conceptualizations of »Nature«, impacting contemporary approaches to the relationship between humans and non-humans in the ongoing climate catastrophe.
Kompetenzen kommunikativen Handelns im Kontext mediatisierter Digitalität
Authors: Watolla Ann-Kathrin Maria
Published: July 2024

In einer digital durchdrungenen Welt steht die Medienpädagogik vor fundamentalen Umwälzungen: Die Trennung zwischen digital und nicht-digital verschwindet zugunsten einer Hybridität, die als mediatisierte Digitalität grundlegenden Einfluss auf unsere Wahrnehmung der Welt sowie unsere kommunikativen Praktiken ausübt. Eingebettet in den medienpädagogischen Kompetenzdiskurs stellt Ann-Kathrin Maria Watolla Kompetenzen kommunikativen Handelns in der mediatisierten Digitalität heraus. Mit dem daraus resultierenden Kompetenzmodell leistet sie einen wegweisenden Beitrag für die Bewältigung der aktuellen Herausforderungen und gibt Orientierung für die Zukunft der Lehrkräftebildung.
Über schwierige Kontaktaufnahmen. Ein Klärungsversuch
Authors: Haverich Katharina , Kuster Lucas
Published: July 2024

Der Künstler und Kulturvermittler Dirk Sorge vom Kollektiv Berlinklusion trifft die freischaffende Künstlerin Katharina Haverich, um im gemeinsamen Gespräch ihre vielschichtigen E-Mail-Missverständnisse im Jahr 2023 zu klären. Indem sie ihre Gedanken und Herangehensweisen in Bezug auf Diversifizierungsprozesse vergleichen und - manchmal - angleichen, diskutieren sie die unterschiedlichen Perspektiven von Kulturschaffenden mit und ohne Behinderung und deren Communities in Berlin.
Nachdenken über unterschiedliche kulturelle Standardisierungen und nationale Identitäten
Authors: Arendt Christine
Published: July 2024

Christine Arendt widmet sich in ihrem Beitrag der Frage, wie kulturelles Lernen anhand des Films »Willkommen bei den Hartmanns« (Regie: Simon Verhoeven, 2016) im DaF-Unterricht stattfinden kann. Der Film zeigt, wie eine wohlhabende Münchner Familie den nigerianischen Flüchtling Diallo aufnimmt. Thematisiert werden die international beachtete Willkommenskultur in Deutschland während der Flüchtlingskrise 2015, aber auch stereotype Vorstellungen über fremde Kulturen, die Angst vor Islamismus und die Ablehnung von Flüchtlingen durch fremdenfeindliche Gruppen. Der Film schildert insbesondere die Begegnung zweier kultureller Räume anhand des Flüchtlings und der Familie Hartmann. Dabei werden verschiedene kulturelle Standardisierungen aufgezeigt, die zum Nachdenken über die eigenen Werte und die deutsche nationale Identität anregen können.
Der verbotene Raum
Authors: Elste Nico
Published: July 2024

Literatur bildet seit jeher einen fiktionalen (Frei-)Raum Migrations- und Fluchterfahrungen äs-thetisch auf- und zu verarbeiten, sodass ein Sprechen über traumatisierende Ereignisse, Verlust, Gewalt und Ohnmacht möglich wird. Eine zentrale Rolle spielt häufig der geographische Raum als zu überwindende Hürde der Flüchtenden wie als Möglichkeit die eigene Identität zu veror-ten. So wird speziell in der modernen interkulturellen Literatur, die sich mit Fluchterfahren aus Ländern wie dem Irak, dem Iran, Syrien oder dem Libanon nach Europa auseinandersetzen die Grenzüberschreitung und die illegale Anwesenheit ebenso wie das brüchige Selbstverständnis ortsgebundener Zugehörigkeit zu einem eigenen ästhetischen Motiv. Anhand von Abbas Khi-ders Debütroman Der falsche Inder (2008) thematisiert der Beitrag die literarische Inszenierung des verbotenen Raums und dessen Implikationen für die Suche nach einem sicheren Ort für das Individuum. Die Unmöglichkeit an einem Ort zu bleiben, verwebt sich mit dem immer wieder scheiternden Versuch einer Selbstverortung, was in der Geschichte um den jungen Iraker Rasul Hamid auf unterschiedliche Weisen immer wieder Teil der Fluchterzählung ist und in jedem der acht Kapitel einer neuen Variante eines Sinngebungsprozesses unterzogen wird. Die Erzählung selbst erscheint in Khiders Roman als Bewältigungsstrategie des Individuums, um mithilfe der ästhetischen Inszenierung das eigene Selbst in eine die Identität bewahrende Sinnstiftung zu überführen.
Ensinando conceitos matemáticos por meio de oficinas na plataforma GeoGebra nos anos finais do ensino fundamental
Authors: Silveira Matheus Carvalho Carrijo , Gomes Arianne Vellasco , Marco Fabiana Fiorezi de
Published: July 2024

O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar o desenvolvimento de oficinas na plataforma GeoGebra com estudantes de 6º ano do ensino fundamental para trabalho com dois temas distintos: perímetro e área e frações. Foram utilizados materiais públicos existentes na plataforma GeoGebra para a criação das propostas que serão relatadas. O GeoGebra é um aplicativo livre que promove o trabalho colaborativo entre professores por meio de um acervo de materiais publicados por estes, então, na elaboração dessas propostas, foram feitas pesquisas na plataforma com o objetivo de aprender com outros professores e enriquecer a proposta construída. Em suma, a mediação do professor é essencial para que a utilização das tecnologias não perca o sentido e auxilie o professor a atingir seus objetivos de ensino e a estimular que os estudantes criem conhecimento de forma autônoma. A parceria entre a professora supervisora, professora coordenadora e o licenciando voluntário do Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência foram de suma importância para que essas propostas desenvolvessem os conceitos almejados nas aulas.
Significações atribuídas por professores à formação continuada na pandemia
Authors: Miyano Luciana , Cericato Itale Luciane
Published: July 2024

Tendo como problemática as demandas para assegurar a continuidade dos processos educativos e o direito às aprendizagens de todos, este estudo buscou compreender as significações que os professores de uma escola pública da rede municipal de ensino de São Paulo atribuem às iniciativas de formação continuada realizadas em 2020 para a implementação do ensino remoto. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas. A análise ocorreu mediante o procedimento dos núcleos de significação, cujo embasamento teórico se dá nos estudos da psicologia histórico-cultural e com foco nas categorias sentido-significado e necessidades-motivos. Os resultados evidenciam os limites e as potencialidades do processo experenciado, mediante as condições objetivas e subjetivas de trabalho.
Dateline Africa Looking back on the past 30 years in ten countries beyond SA
Authors: Nicol Martin ,   Institute for African Alternatives (IFAA)
Published: July 2024

South Africans have been sorely disappointed by the first 30 years of democracy – unemployment has increased, inequalities have deepened, corruption is rampant, there are water crises, electricity blackouts, potholed roads, awful education, creaking hospitals, lots of crime, gender-based violence, xenophobia, discordant politics … but no civil war, no genocide, no famine, no military coups, no mass kidnapping, no insurgencies, no unfair elections, no censorship, no capital punishment, no arbitrary arrests, no run-away inflation. Yes, the Mbeki government denied South Africans free HIV treatment, resulting in over 300,000 deaths (HSPH, 2009). And yes, there was Marikana, which left 34 miners dead, and one (short) insurrection in which more than 300 people died. But South Africa has free trade unions, vibrant civil society organisations, legal protection for LGBTI+ and a strong constitution protected by checks and balances. South Africa has been trying to find a way to make democracy work.
Laughter in the Dark: Egypt to the Tune of Change An extract
Authors: El Rashidi Yasmine
Published: July 2024

The modern history of Egypt is told, by insiders and outsiders alike, largely through the narrative of authoritarian leaders and their so-called “iron-fisted” rule. Gamal Abdel Nasser (1956–1970) was well known for his method of having people disappeared – “behind the sun” is the Arabic refrain1 – if they disagreed with his socialist, nationalist policies, as well as for his persecution of Egypt’s Jews.2 And for thirty years, under the rule of the late Hosni Mubarak (1981–2011), citizens did not dare speak of politics, for fear of the deep state, with its troops of secret police and informants, notorious for their ruthless methods of kidnapping and torture.
Évagre, Marc le Moine, Ps.-Macaire, Sergius de Rešʿayna, Ps.-Denys l'Aréopagite : le manuscrit ascétique retrouvé Mossoul 708 (olim Mossoul Scher 92)
Authors: Gomiero Giovanni
Published: July 2024

Le manuscrit Mossoul Scher 92 a attiré à plusieurs reprises l’attention des chercheurs travail-lant sur les manuscrits syriaques. La brève description donnée par Scher est énigmatique et permet seulement d’identifier le manuscrit comme une collection ascétique-monastique basée sur trois corpus renommés : le Livre d’Évagre, le Livre de Marc le Moine et le Corpus Diony-siacum. Le manuscrit physique a été perdu après 1907 et n’a été retrouvé qu’en août 2023, lorsque j’ai identifié un microfilm dans les archives du René Draguet, conservé aujourd’hui à l’Université Catholique de Louvain (Louvain-la-Neuve). Le microfilm, de haute qualité et dans un état de conservation parfait, a permis la description et l’analyse présentées ici. Il éclairera des nouveaux aspects de la circulation des textes d’Évagre, Marc, Ps.-Macaire, Serge et Ps.-Denys au sein du milieu monastique syro-oriental. Les trois corpus présentent plusieurs particularités et caractéristiques nous permettant de tracer une ligne entre les textes que l’on trouve dans les manuscrits des VIe, VIIe et VIIIe siècles et ce témoin tardif du XVIIIe siècle, en examinant comment, pourquoi et quand un “manuel monastique” peut être organisé, même s’il ne survit que dans un microfilm privé, oublié dans l’une des boîtes à cigares de Draguet.
Witchcraft Accusations in the Tarim Basin: Cases from the Kharoṣṭhī Documents Discovered at Caḍota (the Niya Ruins)
Authors: Kaur Raminder
Published: July 2024

The Niya documents from the Tarim Basin include correspondence from a king to his officials to investigate complaints made by two men about the killing of women for being witches and theft of her property, and an allegation against a Buddhist monk and his household for using witchcraft and poison against the monk’s younger brother. To be a witch and to practice witchcraft was unlawful and a punishable offence, but false accusations required compensation for the aggrieved party, with the threat of future punishments as a deterrent for raising complaints again. But it is not immediately clear why people were accused in the first place. How were witches identified? Which practices constituted witchcraft? Why did people make false accusations, kill women, or use ‘witchcraft’ against others? This article examines four documents that summarise the complaints made by the different men. It defines and contextualises the key vocabulary used to describe witches, witchcraft, and poison. Other documents are investigated that possibly name some of the complainants, the accused, and other people mentioned in the cases to understand their characters and why they may have attracted accusations or been targeted by members of the community. The article then explores texts, literature, legal cases, and studies from other parts of the ancient and modern world to suggest reasons for accusing people of being witches or using witchcraft, targeting people via association with accused witches, and why people may have used practices associated with witchcraft, such as poison, against other people. It further explores if accusations could be connected to gender and why. The cases suggest that ritual and social othering, envy, status, personal rivalries, domestic and community conflicts, and conflict over resources were some of the possible reasons for accusations. Shaming and emasculating influential men through false accusations and targeting women under their guardianship suggests that gender was an important factor in accusations. Likewise, attempts to restrict women socially, economically, and ritually could have been a key reason why only women were accused of being witches and subject to punishment, whereas men accused of using witchcraft escaped punishment due to their status. Corruption and abuse of power were behind some accusations and delayed justice.
Пенсионный возраст как веха в жизни: образ желаемого будущего и опыт планирования своей жизни
Authors: Вачкова Светлана Николаевна , Ермолаева Мария Викторовна , Истомина Анна Геннадьевна , Климов Иван Александрович , Салахова Валентина Борисовна , Скорик Анна Анатольевна , Соболева Надежда Владимировна , Филиппов Владимир Эдуардович
Published: July 2024

В статье представлены результаты исследования людей старшего возраста ― предпенсионеров и ранних пенсионеров (вышедших на пенсию не более пяти лет назад). Цель исследования ― описать подходы к планированию своей жизни после выхода на пенсию.
Исследование опирается на материалы опроса, проведенного по многоступенчатой стратифицированной выборке (N = 1025) в мае и июне 2023 г. в Москве. В ходе анализа этих данных обнаружено, что доли тех, кто строит планы и кто этого не делает, примерно сопоставимы: 56% против 44%. Задумываться о планах на период после достижения пенсионного возраста чаще всего начинают только после 50 лет (29%) или же в преддверии пятидесятилетия (16%). Бо́льшую склонность планировать демонстрируют женщины. Неудивительно, что самые распространенные образы будущего связаны именно с планами женщин: обустройство своего локального жизненного пространства (дом, дача, сад), а также пространства общения с родственниками. Виден запрос и на различные виды самореализации.
В статье показано, что практика планировать будущее на пенсии связана с наличием или отсутствием опыта стратегирования в прошлом. Оценка распространенности этой практики позволила выявить те сферы, в отношении которых люди чаще строят планы и которые считают «полезными для планирования»: семья и рождение детей, профессия и карьера, работа, бюджет семьи, дом и жилье. Наиболее сложными для реализации намеченных целей оказываются доходы и расходы, накопления, профессия и карьера. Показано, что чем более «молодая» группа, тем реже опрошенные говорят об исполнении намеченных планов.
На основе проведенного анализа авторы делают предположение о склонности к построению планов: за возрастными особенностями стоят комплексные поколенческие различия с разным отношением к управлению своей жизнью, карьерой, семьей, здоровьем и другими аспектами жизни. За этими различиями лежит фундаментальная революция в сфере повседневных практик и практик стратегирования ― отказ от «стандартной биографии» в пользу «рефлексивной биографии».
Value Added Tax Fraud in the Judgments of the Court: Why We Should Know Our Business Partners?
Authors: Burianova Olga ,   University of Finance and Administration, Estonská 500, 10100 Prague 10, Czech Republic
Published: July 2024

This article analyses the judgment of the Supreme Administrative Court, which concerns carousel fraud in Value Added Tax. In particular, it examines the issue of supplier-customer relationships in defined types of markets where carousel fraud can be traced. The aim of the paper is to analyse the judgment of the Supreme Administrative Court and to point out the threat of wrongly selecting a supplier and the threat to added value in economic activity. The resulting question is: Why should we know our business partners? The results of this paper can be a lesson for entrepreneurs, but also for other entities trying to minimize the impact of these frauds on the business of the parties involved and the economy as a whole.
A Study on communication efficiency through analysis of the main interface screen and sentence production stages of Korean AAC applications
Authors: Jang Yeon , Kim Kyung Yang , Kwon Seo Kyung , Lee Mi Ran , Park Eun Hye ,   Korean Society of Augmentative and Alternative Communication
Published: July 2024

Background and Objectives: This study examined the users’ efficiency of communication based on the initial user interface screens and sentence production stages of Korean augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) applications. Method: Twelve AAC applications were analyzed in terms of their initial screen components and the differences in the sentence production process. In addition, the personalized interface was analyzed to determine whether it allows for efficient device switching and symbol editing. Results: The most common function placed on the initial screen in most AAC applications was the text input box, followed by the delete function. The analysis of the sentence production stages revealed that one sentence exhibited differences ranging from a minimum of 2 steps to a maximum of 23 steps, and another sentence showed differences ranging from a minimum of 10 steps to a maximum of 16 steps. There were a total of four AACs that provided functions to set and save personal profiles. Conclusion: This study discussed ways to improve communication efficiency so that users can quickly and accurately express their intentions by analyzing domestic high-tech AAC applications.
Allelic frequencies of polymorphism c.521T>C (rs4149056) favor preemptive SLCO1B1 genotyping in Armenia
Authors: Németh Stefan , Kriegshäuser Gernot , Hayrapetyan Hasmik , Oberkanins Christian , Sarkisian Tamara
Published: July 2024

Objectives

Statins represent an important pharmacological factor for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases but may also cause severe cases of myotoxicity. Numerous studies have described the association of the SLCO1B1 gene variant c.521C with statin-induced myopathy across different populations. This study aimed at evaluating the usefulness of preemptive SLCO1B1 genotyping in Armenia.

Methods

A total of 202 Armenian patients referred to the Center of Medical Genetics and Primary Health Care in Yerevan for upper respiratory tract infection between January and May 2022 were included in this study. Genotyping for SLCO1B1 c.521T>C (rs4149056) was performed using a commercially available real-time PCR assay (RealFast™).

Results

In total, 3/202 (1.5 %) samples were C/C homozygotes and 52/202 (25.7 %) were T/C heterozygotes, associated with a high and increased risk for statin-induced myopathy, respectively. The SLCO1B1 c.521C allelic frequency was 14.4 %.

Conclusions

The observed allele frequency of 14.4 % for the c.521C variant is slightly lower than frequencies reported from Europe, but relatively high compared to Asian populations, suggesting that preemptive SLCO1B1 genotyping could be a useful approach for the reduction of statin-induced adverse effects in Armenia.
Highly sensitive volumetric single-molecule imaging
Authors: Wang Le-Mei , Kim Jiah , Han Kyu Young
Published: July 2024

Volumetric subcellular imaging has long been essential for studying structures and dynamics in cells and tissues. However, due to limited imaging speed and depth of field, it has been challenging to perform live-cell imaging and single-particle tracking. Here we report a 2.5D fluorescence microscopy combined with highly inclined illumination beams, which significantly reduce not only the image acquisition time but also the out-of-focus background by ∼2-fold compared to epi-illumination. Instead of sequential z-scanning, our method projects a certain depth of volumetric information onto a 2D plane in a single shot using multi-layered glass for incoherent wavefront splitting, enabling high photon detection efficiency. We apply our method to multi-color immunofluorescence imaging and volumetric super-resolution imaging, covering ∼3–4 µm thickness of samples without z-scanning. Additionally, we demonstrate that our approach can substantially extend the observation time of single-particle tracking in living cells.
Fünf noch unveröffentlichte Briefe Friedrich Nietzsches
Authors: Jung Joachim , Carbone Mirella
Published: July 2024

Five Unpublished Letters by Friedrich Nietzsche. Five unpublished letters by Nietzsche to Louise Röder-Wiederhold, as well as an unknown letter (draft) from her own hand suggest that Nietzsche’s negative judgment of her, which has dominated biographical Nietzsche research up to now, was anything but definitive and can be strongly relativized. The new documents also prove that Röder-Wiederhold was not only a temporary “secretary” for Nietzsche, but also an intellectual and humorous, interested, compassionate and independent-thinking correspondence partner, even if she did not enter into a closer friendship with him. What particularly connected the two and remained an almost constant theme of their correspondence was the difficult life situation of their mutual friend, the unsuccessful composer Heinrich Köselitz, and how one could help him to get access to orchestras and opera stages in German-speaking countries which might perform his works.
Optimizing execution time and cost while scheduling scientific workflow in edge data center with fault tolerance awareness
Authors: Kadum Muhanad Mohammed , Deng Xiaoheng
Published: July 2024

Scheduling scientific workflows is essential for edge data centers operations. Fault tolerance is a crucial focus in workflow scheduling (WS) research. This study proposed fault-tolerant WS in edge data centers using Task Prioritization Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization (TPAPSO). The aim is to minimize the Makespan, execution costs, and overcoming failures at all workflow processing stages, including when virtual machines are insufficient or tasks fail. The approach proposes three components: initial heuristic list, scheduling tasks with TPAPSO, and implementing performance monitoring with fault tolerance (PMWFT). TPAPSO-PMWFT is simulated using CloudSim 4.0. The experiments indicate that the suggested approach shows superior results compared to existing methods.
New half sandwich complexes of ruthenium(ii) and iridium(iii). Study of their toxicity against Hela
Authors: Canales-Martínez Alfonso , Pérez-Pastor Rosa M. , García Gabriel
Published: July 2024

In this work, we describe the synthesis and characterisation of the starting materials [Cp*IrCl2]2 and four new ruthenium(II) and iridium(III) complexes half sandwich, contain the fragments [(p-cymene)Ru]2+ and [Cp*Ir]2+; (Cp* = CpMe4Et) of stoichiometry: [Cp*IrCl2(2-aminopyridine)] (I), [Cp*IrCl2(4-aminopyridine)] (II), [Cp*IrCl2(adenine)] (III) and [(p-cymene)RuCl2(adenine)] (IV). The new compounds have been characterised by C, H, and N elemental analysis; infrared and 1H NMR spectroscopy with 1H–1H COSY, ESI/TOF mass spectrometry and thermogravimetry. A study of the cytotoxicity of these compounds against the Hela cell line was carried out, with results indicating a low activity.
Renewable carbon resource from biomass: building molecular architectures from furanic platforms
Authors: López Gloria V. , Porcal Williams
Published: July 2024

Currently, we find ourselves with the urgent need for chemistry to exert a substantial positive influence on environmental impact, by means of products and chemical processes. To achieve these objectives, we must pay special attention in terms of resource sustainability, considering factors such as life cycle assessments and minimizing carbon footprints. Biomass obtained from organic matter found in plants as well as agricultural and industrial waste, represents the most abundant reserve of renewable materials on our planet. In this perspective we highlight the research and innovation possibilities provided by renewable raw materials obtained from biomass within the domain of organic synthesis toward sustainable development. We focus our discussion on different reactions in the field of organic chemistry, primarily employing furanic platforms as renewable compounds derived from cellulosic biomass. The main aim is to generate high-value products, with a special emphasis on potential development of new pharmaceuticals.
A Regression-based Method for Estimating Generalised Entropy and Atkinson Inequality Indices and their Standard Errors
Authors: Shankar Sriram
Published: July 2024

In this paper we show that a regression-based approach can be used to estimate generalised entropy and Atkinson inequality indices and their associated standard errors. The applicability of this approach is demonstrated using the health expenditure data from the United States (US) medical expenditure panel survey (MEPS).
Acute ischemic STROKE – from laboratory to the Patient’s BED (STROKELABED): A translational approach to reperfusion injury. Study Protocol
Authors: Sodero Alessandro , Conti Emilia , Piccardi Benedetta , Sarti Cristina , Palumbo Vanessa , Kennedy James , Gori Anna Maria , Giusti Betti , Fainardi Enrico , Nencini Patrizia , Allegra Mascaro Anna Letizia , Pavone Francesco Saverio , Baldereschi Marzia
Published: July 2024

Cerebral edema (CE) and hemorrhagic transformation (HT) are frequent and unpredictable events in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS), even when an effective vessel recanalization has been achieved. These complications, related to blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, remain difficult to prevent or treat and may offset the beneficial effect of recanalization, and lead to poor outcomes. The aim of this translational study is to evaluate the association of circulating and imaging biomarkers with subsequent CE and HT in stroke patients with the dual purpose of investigating possible predictors as well as molecular dynamics underpinning those events and functional outcomes. Concurrently, the preclinical study will develop a new mouse model of middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion and recanalization to explore BBB alterations and their potentially harmful effects on tissue. The clinical section of the study is based on a single-center observational design enrolling consecutive patients with AIS in the anterior circulation territory, treated with recanalization therapies from October 1, 2015 to May 31, 2020. The study will employ an innovative evaluation of routine CT scans: in fact, we will assess and quantify the presence of CE and HT after stroke in CT scans at 24 h, through the quantification of anatomical distortion (AD), a measure of CE and HT. We will investigate the relationship of AD and several blood biomarkers of inflammation and extracellular matrix, with functional outcomes at 3 months. In parallel, we will employ a newly developed mouse model of stroke and recanalization, to investigate the emergence of BBB changes 24 h after the stroke onset. The close interaction between clinical and preclinical research can enhance our understanding of findings from each branch of research, enabling a deeper interpretation of the underlying mechanisms of reperfusion injury following recanalization treatment for AIS.
Reading Reshapes Stimulus Selectivity in the Visual Word Form Area
Authors: Chauhan Vassiki S. , McCook Krystal C. , White Alex L.
Published: July 2024

Reading depends on a brain region known as the “visual word form area” (VWFA) in the left ventral occipitotemporal cortex. This region's function is debated because its stimulus selectivity is not absolute, it is modulated by a variety of task demands, and it is inconsistently localized. We used fMRI to characterize the combination of sensory and cognitive factors that activate word-responsive regions that we precisely localized in 16 adult humans (4 male). We then presented three types of character strings: English words, pseudowords, and unfamiliar characters with matched visual features. Participants performed three different tasks while viewing those stimuli: detecting real words, detecting color in the characters, and detecting color in the fixation mark. There were three primary findings about the VWFA's response: (1) It preferred letter strings over unfamiliar characters even when the stimuli were ignored during the fixation task. (2) Compared with those baseline responses, engaging in the word reading task enhanced the response to words but suppressed the response to unfamiliar characters. (3) Attending to the stimuli to judge their color had little effect on the response magnitudes. Thus, the VWFA is uniquely modulated by a cognitive signal that is specific to voluntary linguistic processing and is not additive. Functional connectivity analyses revealed that communication between the VWFA and a left frontal language area increased when the participant engaged in the linguistic task. We conclude that the VWFA is inherently selective for familiar orthography, but it falls under control of the language network when the task demands it.
GEOCHEMISTRY OF CRUDE OILS FROM THE BAZHENOV HORIZON (WEST SIBERIA)
Authors: ФУРСЕНКО Е.А. , КОНТОРОВИЧ А.Э. , КОСТЫРЕВА Е.А. , ПАДАЛКО Н.Л. , РОДЧЕНКО А.П. , РЫЖКОВА С.В.
Published: July 2024

Баженовский горизонт является основной нефтепроизводящей толщей Западно-Сибирской нефтегазоносной провинции, в которой одновременно аккумулированы значительные ресурсы трудноизвлекаемого углеводородного сырья, что делает эту толщу уникальным объектом для исследований. В работе обобщена геохимическая информация о нефтях (39 проб) из залежей в баженовской и тутлеймской свитах. Сравнительный анализ изотопного состава углерода и геохимических показателей, рассчитанных по составу идентифицированных насыщенных и ароматических соединений (пристан/ фитан, стераны С29/С27, гомогопаны С35/С34, трициклановый индекс, относительные концентрации дибензтиофенов), подтверждают единый аквагенный генотип исследованных нефтей и их генетическое родство с одновозрастным органическим веществом. Вместе с тем, отмечается широкий диапазон изменения базовых физико-химических характеристик исследованных баженовских нефтей, которые обусловлены влиянием их фракционирования в ходе миграционных процессов.

The Bazhenov horizon is the main source rock stratum of the West Siberian petroleum province, which possesses significant resources of hard-to-recover hydrocarbons, making it a unique exploration target. The study summarizes geochemical data on crude oils (39 samples) collected from pools within the Bazhenov and Tutleima formations. A comparative analysis of the carbon isotope composition and geochemical parameters calculated from the composition of the identified saturated and aromatic compounds (pristane/phytane, C29/C27 steranes, C35/C34 homohopanes, tricyclane index, relative concentrations of dibenzothiophenes) confirm a common aquatic genotype of the studied oils and their genetic affinity to the organic matter of the same age. At the same time, significant variations in the main physical and chemical characteristics of the studied Bazhenov oils may be caused their fractionation during migration processes.
TOPICAL ISSUES OF PETROLEUM GEOLOGY (90TH BIRTHDAY OF ACADEMICIAN A.E. KONTOROVICH)
Authors: БУРШТЕЙН Л.М. , КОНТОРОВИЧ В.А.
Published: July 2024

Данный выпуск журнала посвящен 90-летию академика РАН А.Э. Конторовича. Во вводной статье приведен обзор вошедших в него материалов. Тематика статей тесно связана с научными интересами Алексея Эмильевич, хотя и не исчерпывает их в полной мере. Юбилейный выпуск включает статьи, затрагивающие актуальные вопросы строения, тектоники, стратиграфии, нефтегазоносности и различные аспекты и характеристики геохимии нефтей и органического вещества нефтегазопроизводящих формаций осадочнопородных бассейнов Сибири и Арктики. Среди множества направлений, которыми занимался А.Э. Конторович, была геология и геохимия концентрированных форм ископаемого органического вещества – углей. Поэтому логично, что настоящий специальный выпуск завершает статья, посвященная исследованию древнейших, девонских углей.

This issue of the journal is dedicated to the 90th birthday of Academician of the RAS A.E. Kontorovich. This introductory article reviews the included materials. The topics of the articles are closely connected to the scientific interests of Aleksei Emilievich, even though they are not fully represented. This anniversary issue includes articles concerning topical questions of geology, tectonics, stratigraphy, petroleum potential, as well as various aspects and characteristics of oil and organic matter geochemistry in oil-and-gas source formations of sedimentary basins of Siberia and the Arctic. Among the many lines of research A.E. Kontorovich pursued was the geology and geochemistry of concentrated forms of subsoil organic matter – coal. Therefore, this issue logically ends with an article on the study of the most ancient Devonian coals.
GROWTH OF LARCH CROPS ON CRYOLOTHOZONE YAKUTIA
Authors: ГАБЫШЕВА Л.П. , ИСАЕВ А.П.
Published: July 2024

В статье рассмотрены вопросы искусственного лесовосстановления на гарях в условиях криолитозоны Якутии. Научно обоснованных работ по лесным культурам в Якутии до настоящего времени не было. Подведены итоги многолетних наблюдений за лиственничными культурами, заложенными на территории Мегино-Кангаласского лесничества Республики Саха (Якутия). Искусственное лесовосстановление проведено саженцами лиственницы Каяндера ( Larix cajanderi Mayr) с открытой корневой системой. Проанализированы зафиксированные в разных источниках опыт создания, а также рост и развитие лесных культур лиственницы, дана оценка приживаемости за 20 лет. Выявлено, что в первые годы после посадки, в период адаптации к новым условиям среды, темпы роста саженцев низкие, а через 3-4 года они увеличиваются, и в 15-20 лет отмечается их максимальный рост. Приведена характеристика живого напочвенного покрова на участке искусственного лесовосстановления и на контроле. Прослежены существенные изменения в растительности: ее трансформация с преимущественно лугово-разнотравной в лесную. Материалы статьи могут стать основой для разработки перспективных технологий лесовосстановления в условиях криолитозоны и позволят добиться качественного восстановления лесов при проведении работ по искусственному и комбинированному лесовосстановлению в свете последних изменений в лесном законодательстве.

The article deals with the issues of artificial reforestation on the burnt areas in the permafrost zone of East Siberia (Yakutia). Scientifically substantiated work on forest plantations in Yakutia has not been carried out before this work. The results of long-term observations of larch crops, which were carried out on the territory of the Megino-Kangalassky forestry of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), are summed up. Artificial reforestation was carried out with of Kayander larch ( Larix cajanderi Mayr) seedlings. The article also presents and analyzes all the experiences of creating forest plantations recorded in various sources, carried out in the republic in different years. An analysis of the growth and development of larch plantation is given, an estimate of survival rate for 8 years is given. In the first years after planting, seedlings adapt to new environmental conditions, starting from the third or fourth year after planting, there is an increasing growth of seedlings, and from 15-20 years, the growth of larch crops is intensified. The characteristics of the vegetation in the area of artificial reforestation and in the control are given. For twenty years, significant changes in the vegetation cover have been traced: from meadow-forb to forest vegetation. The materials of the article can be the basis for the development of the most promising technologies for reforestation in the permafrost zone and will make it possible to achieve high-quality reforestation during artificial and combined reforestation in the light of recent changes in forest legislation.
Organizacinės kultūros bruožų raiška Lietuvos bendrojo ugdymo mokyklose
Authors:   , Starkutė Jovita
Published: July 2024

Expression of the traits of organizational culture in general education schools in Lithuania
The Covid-19 pandemic and the analysis of the current epidemiological situation in Uzbekistan and the neighboring countries of Central Asia, as well as the world (analytical review)
Authors: Alieva Dilfuza A , Rizaev Jasur A , Sadikov Abdushukur A
Published: July 2024

This article analyzes global statistics on infections in various countries and regions of the world since the announcement of the COVID-19 pandemic, based on data from various sources such as Johns Hopkins University and Worldometer. It describes the main peaks of morbidity and mortality from coronavirus infections according to trends around the world. Special attention is paid to Uzbekistan and neighboring Central Asian countries, which have common borders, as well as to epidemiological data on sports personnel's prevalence and mortality.
Using geospatial information sciences for the search of clandestine graves
Authors: Mondragón Ana Josselinne Alegre , Cárdenas José Luis Silván
Published: July 2024

This review article seeks to gather recent experiences using Geospatial Information Sciences (GISc) in searching for clandestine graves. Around the world, missing persons are registered daily, and this is a current problem in Mexico that is why we seek to gather recent experiences to find some applications that may be useful. One of the main findings is that the authors agree on the importance of bringing together multidisciplinary teams and using different techniques. This review is divided into three parts: the theoretical and methodological tools of environmental criminology, the use of GISc in conflict context, and peace contexts, forensic experimentation and remote sensing techniques. Most of the items located are found in this third category, highlighting the use of remote sensing techniques and, more recently, unmanned aerial vehicles or drones.
Genu varum (Rt) genu valgum (Lt), post traumatic ankle varus deformity (Lt)
Authors: MM Bari , Shayan R Bari AM
Published: July 2024

Ilizarov Technique is a fantastic tool for correcting femoral varus, genu valgum and ankle varus. The case demonstrates an approach to large complex deformity in both right & left knee, and left ankle region. All of the aforementioned deformities were fully corrected by the help of Ilizarov Technique.1,2,3
Modern Methods of User Authentication and Authorization in Distributed Web-Oriented Systems
Authors: Zinovieva I.S. ,   Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman, Potapchuk O.M. ,   Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman
Published: July 2024

The analysis was carried out and the results of a comparative review of the most common methods of authentication and authorization of users of web-oriented systems with a distributed architecture were presented. Considering the relevance of cybersecurity issues in the digital age, the research focuses on identifying effective strategies for protecting user data in the development of distributed web-oriented systems within the trade sector. The most likely threats to data access, characteristic of distributed web-based systems, have been studied, and the potential causes of these vulnerabilities have been determined. Particular attention in the publication is devoted to assessing the risks and benefits of various approaches, including basic authentication, session-based authentication, JWT tokens, and access and refresh tokens (OAuth 2.0 standard). Various aspects of each method have been analyzed, particularly their reliability and vulnerability to attacks. The work discusses real cases of vulnerabilities in distributed web-oriented systems and offer recommendations for their elimination to enhance the security of online trading platforms.
Some results on ultrametric 2-normed spaces
Authors: Ettayb J.
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we study the ultrametric 2-normed spaces and the ultrametric 2-Banach spaces. In particular, we establish some results on Cauchy sequences in ultrametric 2-normed spaces. Also, we introduce and study the notion of bounded linear 2-functionals on ultrametric 2-Banach spaces and we give some of its properties. On the other hand, the new norm on the ultrametric 2-normed space is constructed. The concepts of closed operators between ultrametric 2-normed spaces and $b$-linear functionals in ultrametric 2-normed spaces are introduced. Finally, a necessary and sufficient condition for a linear operator to be closed in terms of its graph is proved and some results on bounded $b$-linear functionals in ultrametric 2-normed spaces are given.
On the interaction between vowel confusions ( for /i/ and  for /u/) and lexical stress in Latin inscriptions from Rome (ca. 119 BCE – ca. 600 CE)
Authors: Papini Alessandro
Published: July 2024

The aim of this article is to better define how changes in the Latin vowel system evolved over time in the stressed vs. the unstressed syllables in the Latin of Rome. To this end, the cases of  for /i/ and  for /u/ in an epigraphic corpus of 6,599 inscriptions from this city have been analysed by comparing the number of epigraphic errors occurring under and out of stress in five different periods. Our results indicate that, until about the 4th cent. CE, cases of  for /i/ and  for /u/ occur mostly in the unstressed syllables in our inscriptions, which is consistent with the view that the reorganisation of the vocalic qualities in the Latin vowel system affected the unstressed vowels before it affected the stressed ones. However, the same results also indicate that the number of epigraphic deviations concerning the stressed vowels /i/ and /u/ in our corpus increases from about the 4th–5th cent. CE onwards, and that this fact should be linked to the dephonologisation of contrastive vowel quantity (in the stressed syllables).
ORTODOKSI TAFSIR INDONESIA: ANALISIS KITAB FIRDAUS AL-NA’IM KARYA THAIFUR ALI WAFA
Authors: Fadal Kurdi
Published: July 2024

Riset ini mengkaji tentang corak ortodoksi dalam kitab Firdaus al-Naim karya Thaifur Ali Wafa dan pertautannya dengan tradisi masyarakat Madura khususnya ayat-ayat tentang pernikahan. Riset kualitatif ini menggunakan metode content analysis. Dengan teori ortodoksi Henderson, kajian ini menegaskan bahwa tafsir Thaifur menunjukkan kecenderungan ortodoksi yang sangat kuat karena komitmennya pada kitab-kitab mu’tabarah dan pendapat para ulama salaf al-s}a>lih sebagai sumber rujukan, Latar belakang pendidikan dan jaringan keulamaan mazhab Sunni memengaruhi pemikiran tersebut. Namun demikian, ortodoksi pemikiran Thaifur ditunjukkan dengan sikap moderat dan toleran dalam menyikapi pendapat lain. Di sisi lain, ortodoksi penafsiran Thaifur meneguhkan tradisi Madura khususnya dalam masalah poligami, usia pernikahan dan peran suami istri dalam keluarga, menguatkan pemahaman dan budaya patriarki.
Jalaluddin Rumi's Thoughts Regarding the Concept of Love as a Basis for Religious Moderation
Authors: Syah Yoshy Hendra Hardiyan , Rosyad Rifki
Published: July 2024

This article examines Jalaluddin Rumi's thoughts on the concept of love as the basis for religious moderation. This article originates from a literature review or literature review to explain descriptively and discuss Jalaluddin Rumi's thoughts on the concept of love as the basis for religious moderation. In this article, the approach used is the Philosophical-Sufistic approach to the thoughts brought by Rumi, namely the concept of love. Jalaluddin Rumi answered and thoroughly discussed the concept of love as the basis for religious moderation in the book "Diwan As-Shams al-Din at-Thabrizi, Matsnawi, and Fihi Ma Fihi". The findings are that the existence of religious moderation is to encourage healthy religious practices, mutual understanding, mutual love, mutual respect and respect, and promote peace missions among all people, regardless of differences in their religious beliefs. Then related to Rumi's thoughts about love can be connected with the concept of religious moderation through four perspectives, namely unity of purpose and religion of love, tolerance and respect, unity with God, and love as self-transformation. Based on these four perspectives, Jalaluddin Rumi's overall thoughts about love offer a strong philosophical foundation for religious moderation. Then, if linked in the context of moderation, Rumi's thought teaches that it is important to view religion as a source of inspiration in life to achieve unity, peace, and respect among religious communities.
À la Zoug-Zoug
Authors: Thomson David
Published: July 2024

A reading and interpretation of a bill of fare and The Gastronomic Regenerator where it is found.
An English Invention
Authors: Crowden James
Published: July 2024

This piece was first published in Nonesuch, the Bristol University Magazine in Autumn 2000 and is reproduced with their kind permission. It concerns the early days of English cider-making and the claim that the technique of secondary fermentation used in the making of champagne originated in 17th-century England.