bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IN THE STRUCTURE OF MOTIVATION OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS, THE LEARNING OF MOTIVATION TO ACHIEVE SUCCESS AND MOTIVATION OF FEAR OF FAILURE
Authors:   SILK WAY International University, (Kazakhstan, Shymkent), Beymenov K.T. , Stybayeva A.Sh. ,   Taraz regional university named after M.Kh.Dulaty, (Kazakhstan, Taraz), Imambekova G.S. ,   Taraz regional university named after M.Kh.Dulaty, (Kazakhstan, Taraz), Oralymbetova G.U. ,   Taraz regional university named after M.Kh.Dulaty, (Kazakhstan, Taraz)
Published: May 2021

The article analyzes motivation as one of the fundamental problems in psychology. Here, an important place in pedagogical research is occupied by the study of behavior, motivation, especially educational motives. Effective social and pedagogical interaction with a student can not be carried out without taking into account the peculiarities of his motivation. For objectively similar actions of students (for example, the desire to study well), there are various reasons (the desire to become a good specialist, the fear of losing a scholarship, the desire for respect in the group, etc.). Educational motivation is systemic in nature and represents a hierarchy of motives, where one or another group of motives prevails. The phenomenon of transformation of motivational processes, manifested in the process of transition from quantity to quality, in the field of education. Multiple loads of various disciplines of professional specialization lead to the formation of a stereotype in a particular state, reflecting psychological adaptation in the process of multiple educational activities.
SOME ISSUES OF THE FORMATION OF A CULTURE OF INTER-ETHNIC RELATIONS OF THE STUDENTS
Authors:   CUTE named after Sh.Yessenov, Yegenissova A.K. , Kerimov B.K. ,   CUTE named after Sh.Yessenov
Published: May 2021

This article analyzes some issues of the formation of a culture of interethnic relations among students of higher educational institutions, the relevance of the learning process in a multicultural environment, as well as education of students in interethnic harmony and interethnic relations.
THEORETICAL BASES OF FORMATION OF SPIRITUALITY OF THE FUTURE TEACHERS IN TRAINING AT THE UNIVERSITY
Authors:   H. Dosmukhamedov Atyrau state University Atyrau, Kazakhstan, Abdalova E. , Кakpanbayeva N.M. ,   H. Dosmukhamedov Atyrau state University Atyrau, Kazakhstan, Bisembaeva A.S. ,   H. Dosmukhamedov Atyrau state University Atyrau, Kazakhstan
Published: May 2021

The processes of globalization that have engulfed the whole world require the preservation of national traditions and cultural identity. Given that it is characterized by the spread of spiritual values, the relevance of the problem of forming the spirituality of future teachers in the process of professional training in higher education increases. Based on the analysis of research works on the formation of spirituality of future teachers at the University.The article reveals the indicators of preparedness and component structure, as well as the methodological basis of the problem under study. The authors comprehensively covered and analyzed the theoretical materials on the formation of spirituality of future teachers in the process of professional training at the University gave an independent mental statement. It is also emphasized that the development of the spiritual culture of the future teacher ensures a harmonious entry into the world of the professional image and its changes in the context of the noospheric path of civilization development
FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL SELF-ASSESSMENT OF A FUTURE SPECIALIST IN THE PROCESS OF TEACHING PRACTICE
Authors:   Taraz regional University, Taraz, Kazakhstan, Alimbaevа S.K. , Sabralieva J.T. ,   Taraz regional University, Taraz, Kazakhstan
Published: May 2021

The article deals with psychological and pedagogical aspects of the formation of professional self-esteem of future teachers. The value of the reflexive level in professional activity is analyzed. Psychological and pedagogical aspects and main approaches to the formation of professional self-assessment of future specialists are defined. The main stages of formation of reflection and professional assessment in the course of pedagogical practice are considered. An alternative system for organizing teacher training based on the reflexive-humanistic model of teacher education is proposed. The purposeful formation of the reflexive component of students 'practical activity allowed us to significantly adjust the professional and value orientations and the" I-concept " of students
DOMESTIC VIOLENCE IS A PROBLEM OF MODERN SOCIETY
Authors:   The Kazakh academy of sport and tourism, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Shalabayeva L. I.
Published: May 2021

In this article, a theoretical analysis of the characteristics of the family was considered, the structure, functions, and also the dynamics of the family were studied. The reasons and family factors suggested by various authors were considered. The stages of the dissolution of marital relations are described, which are emotional, physical divorce, trial divorce and the last stage is legal divorce. The strategies of behavior in situations of divorce were also studied. The consequences of divorce were considered, both for the former spouses and for children, if any, in the family. The factor of domestic violence was especially highlighted, since recently there has been a very good tendency of an increase in divorce for this reason
PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF REPRESENTATION OF FATHER AND MOTHER AS THE BASIS FOR OVERCOMING LIFE DIFFICULTIES
Authors:   al-Farabi Kazakh National University Almaty, Kazakhstan, Tashimova F.S. , Rizulla A.R. ,   al-Farabi Kazakh National University Almaty, Kazakhstan, Soltanbekova A.R. ,   University of International Business (UIB), Kazakhstan, Almaty
Published: May 2021

The problem of overcoming life's difficulties is one of the most actual problems of psychology. In this regard, one of the significant factors that determine success is the peculiarities of the representation of the father and mother as the first human communities, whose values and strategies permeate almost the entire system of human relations with the world. A great contribution to the analysis of this problem was made by the psychoanalytic direction, which considers parents as a "window to the world", providing a painless overcoming of problems at different stages of psychosexual development, the development of a" grandiose Self " that believes in its own potential for perfection and overcoming. Special significance, along with the mother in the early stages, is given to the father, the measure of identification with which affects both the development of a sublimating, overcoming personality, and co-dependent, with violations of gender-role identity (homosexuality) of a person. Positive representation of the father and mother is the basis for productive coping methods. Negative representation of parents is self-doubt, increased anxiety, unproductive coping strategies, reaching its extreme expressions-parricide
Modelling the size distribution of aggregated volcanic ash and implications for operational atmospheric dispersion modelling
Authors: Beckett Frances , Rossi Eduardo , Devenish Benjamin , Witham Claire , Bonadonna Costanza
Published: May 2021

Abstract. We have developed an aggregation scheme for use with the Lagrangian atmospheric transport and dispersion model NAME, which is used by the London Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre (VAAC) to provide advice and guidance on the location of volcanic ash clouds to the aviation industry. The aggregation scheme uses the fixed pivot technique to solve the Smoluchowski coagulation equations to simulate aggregation processes in an eruption column. This represents the first attempt at modelling explicitly the change in the grain size distribution (GSD) of the ash due to aggregation in a model which is used for operational response. To understand the sensitivity of the output aggregated grain size distribution (AGSD) to the model parameters we conducted a simple parametric study and scaling analysis. We find that the modelled AGSD is sensitive to the density distribution and grain size distribution assigned to the non-aggregated ash at the source. Our ability to accurately forecast the long-range transport of volcanic ash clouds is, therefore, still limited by real-time information on the physical characteristics of the ash. We assess the impact of using the AGSD on model simulations of the Eyjafjallajökull 2010 ash cloud, and consider the implications for operational forecasting. Using the time-evolving AGSD at the top of the eruption column to initialise dispersion model simulations had little impact on the modelled extent and mass loadings in the distal ash cloud. Our aggregation scheme does not account for the density of the aggregates; however, if we assume that the aggregates have the same density of single grains of equivalent size the modelled extent of the Eyjafjallajökull ash cloud with high concentrations of ash, significant for aviation, is reduced by ~3 %. If we assume that the aggregates have a lower density (500 kg m−3) than the single grains of which they are composed and make-up 75 % of the mass in the ash cloud the extent is 1.2 times larger.
Formaldehyde evolution in U.S. wildfire plumes during FIREX-AQ
Authors: Liao Jin , Wolfe Glenn M. , Hannun Reem A. , St. Clair Jason M. , Hanisco Thomas F. , Gilman Jessica B. , Lamplugh Aaron , Selimovic Vanessa , Diskin Glenn S. , Nowak John B. , Halliday Hannah S. , DiGangi Joshua P. , Hall Samuel R. , Ullmann Kirk , Holmes Christopher D. , Fite Charles H. , Agastra Anxhelo , Ryerson Thomas B. , Peischl Jeff , Bourgeois Ilann , Warneke Carsten , Coggon Matthew M. , Gkatzelis Georgios I. , Sekimoto Kanako , Fried Alan , Richter Dirk , Weibring Petter , Apel Eric C. , Hornbrook Rebecca S. , Brown Steven S. , Womack Caroline C. , Robinson Michael A. , Washenfelder Rebecca A. , Veres Patrick R. , Neuman J. Andrew
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Formaldehyde (HCHO) is one of the most abundant non-methane volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by fires. HCHO also undergoes chemical production and loss as a fire plume ages, and it can be an important oxidant precursor. In this study, we disentangle the processes controlling HCHO by examining its evolution in wildfire plumes sampled by the NASA DC-8 during the FIREX-AQ field campaign. In nine of the twelve analyzed plumes, dilution-normalized HCHO increases with physical age (range 1–6 h). The balance of HCHO loss (mainly via photolysis) and production (via OH-initiated VOC oxidation) controls the sign and magnitude of this trend. Plume-average OH concentrations, calculated from VOC decays, range from −0.5 (±0.5) × 106 to 5.3 (±0.7) × 106 cm−3. Plume-to-plume variability in dilution-normalized secondary HCHO production correlates with OH abundance rather than normalized OH reactivity, suggesting that OH is the main driver of fire-to-fire variability in HCHO secondary production. Analysis suggests an effective HCHO yield of 0.33 (±0.05) per VOC molecule oxidized for the 12 wildfire plumes. This finding can help connect space-based HCHO observations to the oxidizing capacity of the atmosphere.
Statistical characteristics of extreme daily precipitation during 1501 BCE–1849 CE in the Community Earth System Model
Authors: Kim Woon Mi , Blender Richard , Sigl Michael , Messmer Martina , Raible Christoph C.
Published: May 2021

Abstract. In this study, we have analyzed extreme daily precipitation during the pre-industrial period from 1501 BCE to 1849 CE in simulations from the Community Earth System Model version 1.2.2. A peak-over-threshold (POT) extreme value analysis is employed to examine characteristics of extreme precipitation and to identify connections of extreme precipitation with the external forcing and with internal modes of variability. The POT analysis shows that extreme precipitation with similar statistical characteristics, i.e., the probability density distributions, tends to spatially cluster. There are differences in the distribution of extreme precipitation between the Pacific and Atlantic sectors, and between the northern-high and southern-low latitudes. Extreme precipitation during the pre-industrial period is largely influenced by the modes of internal variability, such as El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Pacific North American and Pacific South American patterns among others. In general, the modes of variability exhibit significant connection to extreme precipitation in the vicinity to their regions of action. The exception is ENSO which shows more widespread influence on extreme precipitation across the Earth. Effects of the changes in the orbital parameters on extreme precipitation are rather weak compared to those of the modes of internal variability. Still, some regions in central Africa, southern Asia and the tropical Atlantic ocean present statistically significant associations with the changes in the orbital parameters, implying that in these regions, extreme precipitation has increased linearly during the 3351 year pre-industrial period. Tropical volcanic eruptions affect extreme precipitation more clearly on the short term up to a few years. Although, eruptions alter both the intensity and frequency of extreme precipitation, more apparent changes are found in the frequency of extreme precipitation. After eruptions, the return periods of extreme precipitation increase over the extratropical regions and the tropical Pacific, while a decrease is found in other regions. The post-eruption frequency changes of extreme precipitation are associated with ENSO, which itself is influenced by tropical eruptions. Overall, the results show that climate simulations are useful to complement the information on the pre-industrial extreme precipitation, as it can elucidate statistical characteristics and long-term connections of extreme events with natural variability.
Radiative Transfer Model 3.0 integrated into the PALM model system 6.0
Authors: Krč Pavel , Resler Jaroslav , Sühring Matthias , Schubert Sebastian , Salim Mohamed H. , Fuka Vladimír
Published: May 2021

Abstract. The Radiative Transfer Model (RTM) is an explicitly resolved three-dimensional multi-reflection radiation model integrated into the PALM modelling system. It is responsible for modelling complex radiative interactions within the urban canopy. It represents a key component in modelling energy transfer inside the urban layer and consequently PALM's ability to provide explicit simulations of the urban canopy at metre-scale resolution. This paper presents RTM version 3.0, which is integrated into the PALM modelling system version 6.0. This version of RTM has been substantially improved over previous versions. A more realistic representation is enabled by the newly simulated processes, e.g. the interaction of longwave radiation with the plant canopy, evapotranspiration and latent heat flux, calculation of mean radiant temperature, and bidirectional interaction with the radiation forcing model. The new version also features novel discretization schemes and algorithms, namely the angular discretization and the azimuthal ray tracing, which offer significantly improved scalability and computational efficiency, enabling larger parallel simulations. It has been successfully tested on a realistic urban scenario with a horizontal size of over 6 million grid points using 8192 parallel processes.
Robustness of Neural Network Emulations of Radiative Transfer Parameterizations in a State-of-the-Art General Circulation Model
Authors: Belochitski Alexei , Krasnopolsky Vladimir
Published: May 2021

Abstract. The ability of Machine-Learning (ML) based model components to generalize to the previously unseen inputs, and the resulting stability of the models that use these components, has been receiving a lot of recent attention, especially when it comes to ML-based parameterizations. At the same time, ML-based emulators of existing parameterizations can be stable, accurate, and fast when used in the model they were specifically designed for. In this work we show that shallow-neural-network-based emulators of radiative transfer parameterizations developed almost a decade ago for a state-of-the-art GCM are robust with respect to the substantial structural and parametric change in the host model: when used in two seven month-long experiments with the new model, they not only remain stable, but generate realistic output. Aspects of neural network architecture and training set design potentially contributing to stability of ML-based model components are discussed.
An inverse dielectric mixing model at 50 MHz that considers soil organic carbon
Authors: Park Chang-Hwan , Berg Aaron , Cosh Michael H. , Colliander Andreas , Behrendt Andreas , Manns Hida , Hong Jinkyu , Lee Johan , Wulfmeyer Volker
Published: May 2021

Abstract. The prevalent soil moisture probe algorithms are based on a polynomial function that does not account for the variability in soil organic matter. Users are expected to choose a model before application: either a model for mineral soil or a model for organic soil. Both approaches inevitably suffer from limitations with respect to estimating the volumetric soil water content in soils having a wide range of organic matter content. In this study, we propose a new algorithm based on the idea that the amount of soil organic matter (SOM) is related to major uncertainties in the in-situ soil moisture data obtained using soil probe instruments. To test this theory, we derived a multiphase inversion algorithm from a physically based dielectric mixing model capable of using the SOM amount, performed a selection process from the multiphase model outcomes, and tested whether this new approach improves the accuracy of soil moisture (SM) data probes. The validation of the proposed new soil probe algorithm was performed using both gravimetric and dielectric data from the Soil Moisture Active Passive Validation Experiment in 2012 (SMAPVEX12). The new algorithm is more accurate than the previous soil-probe algorithm, resulting in a slightly improved correlation (0.824 0.848), 12 % lower root mean square error (RMSE; 0.0824 0.0725 cm3·cm−3), and 90 % less bias (−0.0042 0.0004 cm3·cm−3). These results suggest that applying the new dielectric mixing model together with global SOM estimates will result in more reliable soil moisture reference data for weather and climate models and satellite validation.
Variations in surface roughness of heterogeneous surfaces in the Nagqu area of the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Li Maoshan , Liu Xiaoran , Shu Lei , Yin Shucheng , Wang Lingzhi , Fu Wei , Ma Yaoming , Yang Yaoxian , Sun Fanglin
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Temporal and spatial variations of the surface aerodynamic roughness lengths (Z0 m) in the Nagqu area of the northern Tibetan
Plateau were analysed in 2008, 2010 and 2012 using MODIS satellite data and in situ atmospheric turbulence observations. Surface aerodynamic roughness lengths were calculated from turbulent observations by a single-height ultrasonic anemometer and retrieved by the Massman model. The results showed that Z0 m has an apparent characteristic of seasonal variation. From February to August, Z0 m increased with snow ablation and vegetation growth, and the maximum value reached 4–5 cm at the BJ site. From September to February, Z0 m gradually decreased and reached its minimum values of about 1–2 cm. Snowfall in abnormal years was the main reason for the significantly
lower Z0 m compared with that in normal conditions. The underlying surface can be divided into four categories according to the different values of Z0 m: snow and ice, sparse grassland, lush grassland and town. Among them, lush grassland and sparse grassland accounted for 62.49 % and 33.74 %, and they have an annual variation of Z0 m between 1–4 and 2–6 cm, respectively. The two methods were positively correlated, and the retrieved values were lower than the measured results due to the heterogeneity of the underlying surface. These results are substituted into the Noah-MP (multi-parameterisation) model to replace the original parameter design numerical simulation experiment. After replacing the model surface roughness, the sensible heat flux and latent heat flux were simulated with a better diurnal dynamics.
Machine-learning methods for stream water temperature prediction
Authors: Feigl Moritz , Lebiedzinski Katharina , Herrnegger Mathew , Schulz Karsten
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Water temperature in rivers is a crucial environmental factor with the ability to alter hydro-ecological as well as socio-economic conditions within a catchment. The development of modelling concepts for predicting river water temperature is and will be essential for effective integrated water management and the development of adaptation strategies to future global changes (e.g. climate change). This study tests the performance of six different machine-learning models: step-wise linear regression, random forest, eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), feed-forward neural networks (FNNs), and two types of recurrent neural networks (RNNs). All models are applied using different data inputs for daily water temperature prediction in 10 Austrian catchments ranging from 200 to 96 000 km2 and exhibiting a wide range of physiographic characteristics. The evaluated input data sets include combinations of daily means of air temperature, runoff, precipitation and global radiation. Bayesian optimization is applied to optimize the hyperparameters of all applied machine-learning models. To make the results comparable to previous studies, two widely used benchmark models are applied additionally: linear regression and air2stream. With a mean root mean squared error (RMSE) of 0.55 ∘C, the tested models could significantly improve water temperature prediction compared to linear regression (1.55 ∘C) and air2stream (0.98 ∘C). In general, the results show a very similar performance of the tested machine-learning models, with a median RMSE difference of 0.08 ∘C between the models. From the six tested machine-learning models both FNNs and XGBoost performed best in 4 of the 10 catchments. RNNs are the best-performing models in the largest catchment, indicating that RNNs mainly perform well when processes with long-term dependencies are important. Furthermore, a wide range of performance was observed for different hyperparameter sets for the tested models, showing the importance of hyperparameter optimization. Especially the FNN model results showed an extremely large RMSE standard deviation of 1.60 ∘C due to the chosen hyperparameters. This study evaluates different sets of input variables, machine-learning models and training characteristics for daily stream water temperature prediction, acting as a basis for future development of regional multi-catchment water temperature prediction models. All preprocessing steps and models are implemented in the open-source R package wateRtemp to provide easy access to these modelling approaches and facilitate further research.
Reconstruction of flow conditions from 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami deposits at the Phra Thong island using a deep neural network inverse model
Authors: Mitra Rimali , Naruse Hajime , Fujino Shigehiro
Published: May 2021

Abstract. The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami caused significant economic losses and a large number of fatalities in the coastal areas. The estimation of tsunami flow conditions using inverse models has become a fundamental aspect of disaster mitigation and management. Here, a case study involving the Phra Thong island, which was affected by the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, in Thailand was conducted using inverse modeling that incorporates a deep neural network (DNN). The DNN inverse analysis reconstructed the values of flow conditions such as maximum inundation distance, flow velocity and maximum flow depth, as well as the sediment concentration of five grain-size classes using the thickness and grain-size distribution of the tsunami deposit from the post-tsunami survey around Phra Thong island. The quantification of uncertainty was also reported using the jackknife method. Using other previous models applied to areas in and around Phra Thong island, the predicted flow conditions were compared with the reported observed values and simulated results. The estimated depositional characteristics such as volume per unit area and grain-size distribution were in line with the measured values from the field survey. These qualitative and quantitative comparisons demonstrated that the DNN inverse model is a potential tool for estimating the physical characteristics of modern tsunamis.
Analyses of Peace River Shallow Water Ice Profiling Sonar data and their implications for the roles played by frazil ice and in situ anchor ice growth in a freezing river
Authors: Marko John R. , Topham David R.
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Peace River SWIPS (Shallow Water Ice Profiling Sonar) data were analyzed to
quantify the roles of frazil ice and riverbed anchor ice grown in situ during the
initial buildup of a seasonal ice cover. Data were derived through
quasi-continuous monitoring of frazil parameters throughout the water
column, providing direct and indirect measures of anchor ice volume and mass
growth rates. Analyses utilized water level and air and water temperature
information in conjunction with acoustic volume backscattering coefficient
data to track and interpret spatial and temporal changes in riverbed and
water column ice. Interest focused on four frazil intervals characterized by
anomalously low levels of frazil content (relative to simulations with an
anchor-ice-free river ice model) as distinguished by two strikingly
different types of time dependences. A simple physical model was proposed to
quantitatively account for discrepancies between measured and simulated
results in terms of the pronounced dominance of anchor ice as an initial
source of river ice volume and mass. The distinctive differences in
temporally variable water column frazil content are attributed, in this
model, to corresponding differences in the stabilities of riverbed anchor
ice layers against detachment and buoyancy-driven movement to the river
surface. In accord with earlier observations, the stability of in situ grown
riverbed ice layers appears to be inversely proportional to cooling rates.
The strength of the coupling between the two studied ice species was shown
to be strong enough to detect changes in the anchor ice constituent from
variations in water column frazil content.
Sistem Kendali Lampu Defect Dan Reject Berbasis Web Server Menggunakan Raspberrry Pi 3 Model B
Authors: Endang Supriyadi  , Maya Sofiana  , Surya Dwipangga
Published: May 2021

Abstract— This research covers the design and construction of a Web-based Defect & Reject Light Control Intelligent System with Raspberry Pi with the aim of detecting the quality conditions of manufactured goods at the final inspection section of PT. Suryaraya Rubberindo Industries. This system requires several components such as a Raspberry Pi 3 Microcontroller, Relays, mini filament LED lamps and several other supporting components. The design and construction of a Web-Based Defect & Reject Light Control Intelligent System with the Raspberry Pi comes from experimental results, besides that it is also supported by several literary documents found in journals and reference books. This Intelligent Web-Based Defect & Reject Light Control System with the Raspberry Pi uses a website design as an input to turn off or turn on a lamp. Two mini filament lamps are used as output components that are made like Signal lamps. Based on the results of the experiments conducted, the Web-Based Defect & Reject Light Control Intelligent System with the Raspberry Pi can work quite well. When this system detects the condition of the production goods in a state that does not meet the specified company standards but has a low level of seriousness (defect), the system will give a signal for a yellow light with a value of 1, whereas if the level of seriousness is high (reject) then the control system will give a signal to turn on the red light the value of the number 1 stored in the database

Intisari— Penelitian ini meliputi racang dan bangun Sistem Cerdas Kendali Lampu Defect & Reject Berbasis Web denganRaspberry Pi dengan tujuan untuk mendeteksi kondisi kualitas barang produksi pada bagian final Inspection di PT. SuryarayaRubberindo Industries. Sistem ini memerlukan beberapa komponen seperti Mikrokontroller Raspberry Pi 3, Relay,Lampu berjenis LED filamen mini dan beberapa komponen pendukung lainnya. Rancang Rangun Sistem Cerdas KendaliLampu Defect & Reject Berbasis Web dengan Raspberry Pi tersebut berasal dari hasil percobaan, selain itu didukung pulaoleh beberapa literatur dokumen yang terdapat pada jurnal dan buku referensi. Sistem Cerdas Kendali Lampu Defect & RejectBerbasis Web dengan Raspberry Pi ini menggunakan rancangan website sebagai input untuk mematikan atau menyalakan sebuah lampu. Dua buah lampu filamen mini digunakan sebagai komponen output yang dibuat seperti lampu Signal.Berdasarkan hasil percobaan yang dilakukan, Sistem Cerdas ini dapat bekerja dengan cukup baik. Ketika sistem ini mendeteksikondisi barang produksi dalam keadaan tidak memenuhi standard perusahaan yang telah ditentukan akan tetapi memilikitingkat keseriusan rendah (defect) maka sistem akan memberikan sinyal untuk lampu kuning bernilai angka 1 sedangkan jika tingkat keseriusan tinggi (reject) maka sistem kendali akan memberikan sinyal untuk menyalakan lampu merah bernilai angka 1 yang tersimpan pada database.
Chinese students’ motivation for learning German and French in an intensive non-degree programme
Authors: Chen Yu , Zhao Dan , Qi Shen
Published: May 2021

This paper reports on a mixed method study that examined the motivation of 121 students in a 1-year intensive language course in German or French at a Chinese university. Drawing on Dörnyei’s (2009) theory of the L2 Motivational Self System (L2MSS), a survey was conducted to explore their motivation to learn German or French. Regression analyses revealed that learning experience and promotion-focused instrumentality were the predictors for the German learners’ intended learning effort, while ideal L2 self was the predictor for the French learners’ motivation. Furthermore, ought-to self, culture/community interest and prevention-focused instrumentality were excluded in both regression models. In addition, 17 participants’ qualitative data in the interviews suggested that most of them had lower expectations for the value of German or French than for the value of English in improving one’s employability. Instead, they were much more oriented to learn and appreciate the cultural values of these languages. The results provided insight into the complexity of motivation to learn Languages Other than English (LOTEs) in the university context in China, and suggested future direction for research on LOTE learning motivation
«La lengua de la gente común y no los priores de la gramática arábiga». La Doctrina Christiana en lengua arábiga (1566) de Martín Pérez de Ayala
Authors: Soto González Teresa
Published: May 2021

A lo largo del siglo XVI es abundante la producción de catecismos en España, sin embargo, muy pocos se dirigen directamente a la nueva población convertida del Islam y aún menos se redactan en árabe. Dada la relevancia del llamado «problema morisco», esta escasez resulta llamativa. El arzobispo de Valencia, Martín Pérez de Ayala (1504-1566), que participa en el Concilio de Trento, encarga durante su mandato la Doctrina Christiana en Lengua Arauiga y Castellana (1566), un catecismo breve en árabe valenciano, que contiene oraciones e instrucciones sobre la pronunciación de la lengua árabe y la enseñanza de las bases de la doctrina cristiana a los nuevos convertidos. Se plantea aquí un estudio de este material catequético en relación con su contexto de producción. Se presta especial atención a los usos de la lengua árabe en el material doctrinal cristiano peninsular, así como a cuestiones de ideología lingüística y comunidad religiosa.
La cerveza Estrella Damm: cómo reposicionar estratégicamente una marca estableciendo un territorio propio y movilizando las redes sociales
Authors: Álvarez-Ruiz Antón , Castro Patiño Celia
Published: May 2021

El mercado de la cerveza ha sufrido fuertes cambios en la última década en España. Dentro de él, una marca muy tradicional –Estrella Damm– producida en la región de Cataluña, tuvo que luchar simultáneamente contra varios tendencias comerciales y sociales adversas. Después de una profunda reflexión de marketing y estratégica, la marca se afincó en un nuevo posicionamiento que, sin renunciar a sus orígenes geográficos, los positivó notablemente. En paralelo, dio el salto a la comunicación en redes sociales generando un importante volumen de descargas y conversaciones a la vez que reducía drásticamente su inversión en medios convencionales, estacionalizó fuertemente el consumo de su producto vinculándolo a la época veraniega y comenzó a realizar acciones de comunicación notorias y muy creativas, siempre dirigidas al público joven. Por todo ello, Estrella Damm constituye un ejemplo destacado de aplicación de las técnicas de planificación estratégica (strategic planning) y de la comunicación en redes sociales donde resulta muy evidente la creación de un «territorio propio de la marca» relacionado, en este caso, con una demarcación geográfica que ostenta fuertes raíces culturales y sociales. Con el fin de realizar este estudio, la presente investigación aplica las técnicas de case study (estudio del caso), el análisis de contenido de piezas representativas seleccionadas y el seguimiento de las acciones on line, además de analizar de forma cuantitativa y cualitativa el mercado, la evolución de la marca y la situación económica de la empresa, utilizando para ello la literatura científica y profesional existente.
Princesas y superhéroes: análisis del sexismo publicitario en campañas de juguetes
Authors: Menéndez Menéndez María Isabel
Published: May 2021

Las campañas publicitarias de juguetes son muy importantes por su hegemónica presencia en la temporada navideña pero también porque orientan la selección de productos por parte de niños y niñas. Estudios realizados a lo largo de la última década demuestran la existencia de estereotipos de género en un discurso reiterativo y monolítico que promueve modelos conductuales regresivos. El Instituto de la Mujer ha publicado los resultados de un trabajo empírico que analiza en profundidad la campaña navideña de 2019/2020 mediante el estudio de anuncios televisivos, catálogos, publicidad en el punto de venta y digital. Los resultados demuestran que, aunque se perciben algunos avances, sigue existiendo sexismo publicitario. Es significativo que, aunque las niñas empiezan a ser introducidas (tímidamente) en el universo masculino, los niños apenas se acercan a la cultura femenina.
Analytical and experimental study of the thermophysical properties of blast furnace slag melts in the conditions of blast furnaces of Ukraine
Authors: Stepanenko D.A. , Tsyupa N.A. , Belkova A.I. , Skachko A.S.
Published: May 2021

The aim of the work is to establish patterns of influence of the chemical composition of blast-furnace slags on the thermophysical properties of their melts, which is relevant to ensure high technical and economic indicators of the blast furnace. Experimental studies of the temperature of molten iron and slag at their release from a blast furnace with a volume of 1500 m3 have been carried out. It is shown that the temperatures of iron and slag have almost identical values and vary in the range of 1451÷14870С. On a Anton Paar rotary rheometer, viscosity measurements were made in the temperature range of 1320 ÷ 15000С and it was shown that the viscosity of slags from the blast furnace output exceeds its optimal value of 0.3 Pa.second. Based on the correlation-regression analysis of the literature data and the performed experimental studies, the enthalpy of the melts was determined as a function of the chemical composition of blast-furnace slags, which are represented through stoichiometry (ρ) and temperature. It is shown that when temperature fluctuations of slag melts in the range of 1453 ÷ 14870С their enthalpy changes in the range of 1933÷2031 kJ/kg. A predictive model for calculating the enthalpy of blast-furnace slags is proposed. On the basis of the proposed predictive model, the enthalpy of blast furnace slags for a blast furnace with a volume of 1500 m3 was calculated taking into account their actual temperatures at the outlet.
Analysis of the methods of management of the domain melt on the basis of information about the form and position of the cohesive zone
Authors: Muravyova I.G. , Ivancha N.G. , Beloshapka E.A. , Vishnyakov V.I. , Ermolina E.P. , Hodotova N.E.
Published: May 2021

The aim of the work is to formulate recommendations on the adoption of control actions on the course of smelting in modern conditions. The ideology of the modern intellectual decision support system for blast smelting management is based on providing the optimal plastic zone in the blast furnace (DP). Blast furnace melting control methods are based on information on the shape and position of the plastic zone in the blast furnace. According to the results of research carried out by various scientists, it was shown that the plastic zone is a hollow cone, the walls of which consist of alternating horizontal coke layers with high gas permeability and low-permeable for gas layers of iron ore materials that are in a softened, semi-molten state. The work describes the factors that determine the shape and position of the plastic zone in the DP. The analysis carried out showed that the mode of loading of charge materials has the main influence on the formation of the plastic zone. It was noted that, in addition to various modeling methods, it is advisable to create a criterion for assessing the shape and position of the plastic zone, which would take into account its thickness, profile and position in the DP, to control and control the blast smelting process. Developed recommendations for making management decisions during smelting.
Development of energy efficient technology of combined blowing of converter bath by oxygen and neutral gases
Authors: Chernyatevich A.G. , Molchanov L.S. , Yushkevich P.O. , Vakulchuk V.V.
Published: May 2021

The aim of the work is the development of a new technology of combined purging of the converter bath with oxygen and neutral gas, which allows to achieve a significant resource and energy saving effect. The proposed technological scheme of combined purging is based on the use of a new design of a three-tiered tuyere and a system for supplying two regulated oxygen flows to it. It is possible to completely replace oxygen with nitrogen at certain periods of melting, which allows us to significantly expand the technological capabilities of the combined purge of the converter bath. The design of a three-tiered tuyere, which eliminates the disadvantages of two-tier blowing devices, was carried out using high-temperature modeling. Processing of the materials obtained in the course of the conducted melts allowed us to obtain new information about the features of the physicochemical processes developing during the flushing of the converter bath with the afterburning of the exhaust gases. The features of the effect of oxygen jets on the removal of carbon, manganese, silicon and phosphorus from the melt are established. Based on the data of high-temperature modeling of the purge of the converter bath, the established methodology for calculating the main design parameters and experience in developing industrial structures of multi-tiered tuyeres, a three-tiered tuyere of the new design and a combined bath of oxygen and neutral gas for the 160-ton converters have been developed and proposed for industrial development . The practical implementation of the presented solutions will provide an increase in the technological and technical-economic indicators of smelting in comparison with the use of well-known developments in this field.
Research in a physical model with the top blowing of a gas-dynamic head and jet parameters at blowing of a liquid bath through an annular coaxial slit nozzle
Authors: Semykin S.I. , Golub T.S. , Dudchenko S.A. , Vakulchuk V.V.
Published: May 2021

The aim of the work is to study the physical model of the gas-dynamic head of a gas jet and the parameters of its penetration into the liquid bath of the converter when it flows out of the annular slotted tuyere. The studies were carried out on a «cold» stand on a scale of 1:30 to a 160-m converter (taking into account the criteria of geometrical and physical similarity) using water as a liquid simulating a molten metal,. The averaged values of the depth of penetration of the gas stream of the jet at various blowing parameters were estimated. It is noted that when the upper purge through a coaxial slit nozzle with an increase in the pressure of the purge gas, the dynamic pressure of the depth of penetration of the jet increases. The increase in dynamic pressure and the depth of the introduction of a gas jet leads to an increase in the degree of impact on the bath and an increase in the degree of oxygen absorption by the melt. It was shown that, all other things being equal, the operation of a coaxial slit differs by a large impulse of exposure to a liquid than when blowing through an equivalent diameter slot through one centrally located nozzle, especially at pressures above 0.15-0.3 MPa. The possibilities of increasing the efficiency of the top blowing of the converter bath are shown through the use of a slotted coaxial nozzle.
Iron and Steel Institute in the system of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Experience and prospects.
Authors: Babachenko A.I. , Vergun A.S. , Tuboltsev L.G.
Published: May 2021

The history of the creation of the Iron and Steel Institute is given. It is
shown that the creation and establishment of the Institute was determined by the need to
develop the country's ferrous metallurgy. The Institute has united groups of
metallurgical scientists, scattered in their activities, who worked in various institutes of
the country. The program of the Institute, despite its youth, was wide and relevant,
which can be explained by the experience, initiative and scale of the activities of the
scientists who headed the departments of the institute. The origins of the creation of the
scientific themes of the Institute, which covered all the major redistribution of the steel
industry, are given. The major scientific developments created by the Institute’s staff for
the first time in world and domestic practice, which currently form the basis of world
metallurgy, are given. Outstanding scientists of the Institute created quite a few
scientific schools, which even today continue to make an invaluable contribution to the
development of scientific subjects, the implementation of the results of basic and applied
research in metallurgical enterprises. The analysis shows that the strategic direction of
development of the domestic metallurgy in the future is an evolutionary change in
metallurgical technologies. In this regard, the main areas of scientific and technical
support of blast furnace, steelmaking and rolling production, heat treatment of rolled
products developed at the Institute are given. Examples of modern scientific
developments of the Institute are given.
The evaluation of effectiveness of the device "Coilbox" on the mill 1680
Authors: Podobedov N.I. , Verenev V.V. , Korennoi V.V.
Published: May 2021

The aim of the work is to conduct a comparative analysis of the results of rolling hot-rolled strips in the finishing group of mill stands of 1680 strips with and without the use of an intermediate rewinding device (PUF). A comparative analysis of the results of measurements of the moment and longitudinal thickness during rolling in the finishing group of stands is given. Given the distribution of torque in the cages along the length of the strip. It is shown that the mean square deviation of the moment is noticeably less than the rolling time without PUF. The level of dynamic loads and the dynamic factor of the moment of elastic force during the rolling of bands with polyurethane foam and without polyurethane foam practically did not change. It is shown that when rolling without PUF on the finished strip there remains a trace of the temperature wedge in the form of a wedge of thickness. When rolling with PUF, the thickness of the strip along its length becomes more uniform. When rolling without PUF, a trace of a wedge of thickness in the form of a wedge remains on the finished strip. When rolling with PUF, the thickness of the strip along its length becomes more uniform. In general, a comparison of the average moment along the stripes, the standard deviation, the coefficient of variation of the moment and the deviation of the thickness shows the advantages of rolling with PUF.
Self-regulation during continuous rolling in broadband mills
Authors: Verenev V.V. , Podobedov N.I.
Published: May 2021

The aim of the work is the development of ideas about the regulation of the rolling process in continuous groups of stands of a wide-strip hot rolling mill. By mathematical modeling of the dynamics of the interaction of the stands during continuous rolling, taking into account torsional vibrations and transport transfer, the duration of the self-regulation time of the six-yielding group was determined. It is shown that the parameters of the rolled strip significantly affect the nature of the change in tensions and deviations of the strip thickness after each stand. During the filling of a continuous band with a strip in the mill stands, there are perturbations caused by the capture of the strip by the rolls of each stand. The task of regulatory actions at this point can increase the destabilization of the process. The thickness of the rolled strip slightly affects the self-regulation time of the continuous rolling process. In the modes of rolling and filling the group with a strip, this time was ~ 14 s from the beginning of the disturbance at the entrance to the group. The signs of perturbations and their combinations are determined by the deviation of the strip thickness and temperature, at which a short-term loss of process stability is possible due to a drop in tension in some intervals. It has been established that there are such combinations of perturbation signs in thickness and strip temperature when a group disintegrates into two unrelated ones, which leads to a violation of the stability of the tension process. The above features of self-regulation should be considered when managing the process of continuous rolling.