bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMBELAJARAN ALQUR’AN PRESPEKTIF IMAM AL-NAWAWI DALAM KITAB AL-TIBYAN FI ADABI HAMALATI AL-QUR’AN (BAB KE EMPAT)
Authors: Mukhlishin Mukhlishin
Published: April 2024

Kerusakan moral para pelajar disebabkan oleh kurangnya pendidikan nilai-nilai
etika. Pendidikan agama dapat menjadi solusi dari permasalahan ini. Tulisan ini akan
mencoba memberikan pemikiran yang berkaitan dengan etika pembelajaran al-Qur’an
dalam perspektif Imam al-Nawawi (Pemikiran Imam al-Nawawi Dalam Kitab al-Tibyān
fī Adāb Hamalat al-Qur’an) Bab Keempat. Permasalahan utama yang diangkat adalah
pemikiran dan perjuangan Imam al-Nawawi serta etika pembelajaran al-Qur’an
perspektif Imam al-Nawawi dalam kitab al-Tibyān fī Adāb Hamalat al-Qur’ān Bab
Keempat
KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH BERBASIS BUDAYA ETIS DALAM MENINGKATKAN MUTU SEKOLAH (Studi Kasus Di MA Bilingual Batu)
Authors: Saimima M Sahrawi
Published: April 2024

Isu penting dalam penyelenggaraan pendidikan di Indonesia saat ini adalah
menyangkut peningkatan mutu sekolah. Namun, pada kenyataannya upaya
peningkatan mutu saat ini masih mengalami berbagai permasalahan. Adapun
permasalahan khusus dalam peningkatan mutu pendidikan saat ini seperti
rendahnya sarana fisik, rendahnya kualitas guru dan sebagainya.
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah, Pertama Mendeskripsikan strategi. Kedua,
Karakteristik dan, Ketiga, Dampak Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah Berbasis
Budaya Etis terhadap peningkatan Mutu Sekolah di MA Bilingual Batu.
Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis
studi kasus. Adapun teknik yang dilakukan dalam rangka mengumpulkan datanya
dengan menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi yang
semuanya untuk mencari tahu tentang strategi, karakteristik dan dampak
kepemimpinan kepala sekolah berbasis budaya etis dalam meningkatkan mutu
sekolah. Sedangkan informan yang dipilih dalam peneltian ini adalah kepala
sekolah, tenaga kependidikan, tenaga pendidik dan peserta didik.
Penelitian ini menghasilkan temuan penelitian, 1) Strategi meliputi
berperan sebagai model atau contoh bagi bawahan, berjuang demi nasib bawahan,
berpikir tentang konsekuensi jangka panjang, menetapkan standar etika agama
sebagai budaya kepada para pendidik dan para peserta didik, memperhatikan
aspek heterogenitas dalam mengembangkan budaya etika di lembaga sekolahnya.
2) Karakteristik meliputi religius, jujur, adil, disiplin, tegas dan simpati. 3)
Dampaknya dapat dirasakan meliputi aspek perilaku akademik, non akademik.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa,
kepemimpinan kepala sekolah berbasis budaya etis memiliki implikasi dalam
meningkatkan mutu sekolah. Oleh karena itu dapat dioperasinalkan
Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah Berbasis Budaya Etis dalam Meningkatkan Mutu
Sekolah di MA Bilingual Batu adalah proses mempengaruhi orang lain dalam
lembaga pendidikan dengan mengedepankan cara atau kebiasaan beretika dengan
baik dalam memimpin, disesuaikan dengan standar etika yang akan diterapkan,
serta mengupayakan adanya peningkatan mutu pada lembaga pendidikan sehingga
tidak mengurangi nilai-nilai yang dianut oleh masyarakat sekolah dalam mencapai
visi bersama.
Environmental Analysis Of The Aedes Aegypti Mosquito As Dhf Vector In The Enrekang District
Authors: Alamsyah Dicky , Manyullei Syamsuar , Ishak Hasanuddin
Published: April 2024

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever is a major health problem in Indonesia. The existence of the Aedes Aegypti mosquito is the main vector that causes Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (RI Ministry of Health, 2020). The physical environment of the Aedes Aegypti mosquito greatly influences the ecology and development of the Aedes Aegypti mosquito, which is the main factor causing Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (Listiono et al, 2020). The incidence of Dengue Fever in the people of Enrekang Regency is influenced by the physical environment of the Aedes Aegypti mosquito. Data on the physical environment of the Aedes Aegypti mosquito in the Enrekang Regency area is inadequate. In the Enrekang district area, there were 166 cases of dengue fever in 2019, in 2020 there was an increase of 209 cases and there was a decrease again in 2021 with 64 cases. Cases of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever sufferers in Enrekang district are among the 10 highest diseases. The aim of the research is to determine the relationship between the physical environment (temperature, pH, humidity and residential density) of the Aedes Aegypti mosquito and the incidence of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in Enrekang district. The method in this research is analytical observational using a Case Control study approach. Analytical observational research is research that tries to identify how health phenomena occur. Sampling was carried out using the total sampling method. Data was obtained directly from the Enrekang District health office. The research results showed that there was a significant relationship between room temperature, water pH and room humidity with the incidence of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in Enrekang district with respective p-values of (0.007, 0.001 and 0.000). The results of the research show that the physical environment of the Aedes Aegypti mosquito is a risk factor for the occurrence of Dengue Fever in Enrekang district.
The Effect of Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercises on Peak Expiratory Flow Rate in Bronchial Asthma Patients
Authors: Sepalanita Widya , Faturachman Alif , Subiakto Toto
Published: April 2024

Background: Asthma is a prevalent, chronic, and varied condition in which most people experience dyspnea, wheezing, chest tightness, and coughing due to reversible airway obstruction, airway inflammation, and bronchial hyperreactivity. cause the quality of life to diminish. The breathing method known as diaphragmatic breathing is tailored to the needs of asthmatics. During a deep inhale, a breathing method called diaphragmatic breathing relaxes the respiratory muscles. Objective: To determine the effect of diaphragmatic breathing exercises on peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) patients with bronchial asthma. Method: This type of research is quasi-experimental with a one-group pre-test and post-test design. The sampling method used purposive sampling with 15 respondents. The PEFR measurement instrument uses a peak flow meter. Data were analyzed univariately and bivariately using the paired T-Test. Results: The average PEFR value before and after diaphragmatic breathing exercise therapy was 246.67 L/minute and 300 L/minute. There was a significant difference in PEFR before and after being given diaphragmatic breathing exercise therapy with an increase in PEFR value of 53.33 L/minute (p-value 0.00). Conclusion: Diaphragmatic breathing exercises have a significant influence on PEFR values in bronchial asthma patients
Northward range expansion of Bay of Biscay anchovy into the English Channel
Authors: van der Kooij J , McKeown N , Campanella F , Boyra G , Doray M , Santos Mocoroa M , Fernandes da Silva J , Huret M
Published: April 2024

European anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus is a widely distributed, warm-water species which has been postulated to be a climate change ‘winner’. For decades, the northern-most stock resided in the Bay of Biscay, where it typically spawned during late spring, mostly in the south. An apparent regime shift in the mid-1990s saw the sudden appearance and subsequent increase of anchovy further north. This northward range expansion was found to be driven by remnant spawning populations in the North Sea. During the autumn of 2019 and 2020, for the first time, post-larval anchovy were found in the English Channel, far from their nearest known spawning grounds. Identifying the origin of these anchovy is important for management purposes and to understand the mechanisms driving populations at the limits of their distribution. Microsatellite- and mtDNA-based analyses confirmed that the observed post-larval anchovy originated from the Bay of Biscay and were genetically distinct from English Channel and southern North Sea specimens. By combining acoustic and egg data from local surveys with larval drift modelling, we examined the processes underpinning this northward expansion. Our analysis suggests that due to population increase, spawning activity in the Bay of Biscay has expanded in space and time, increasing larval transport and survival into the Channel area. This newly recorded process underpinning an observed poleward shift is different from the one driving the anchovy expansion that started in the mid-1990s. However, both caused range expansion at the species’ northern distribution limit, demonstrating the potentially complex impacts of climate change.
Revitalisasi Kesenian Rakyat Borobudur dalam Perspektif Estetika Religius Walter Benjamin
Authors: Chotimah Chusnul
Published: April 2024

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk memotret dinamika kesenian rakyat Borobudur yang mengalami pasang surut. Sebagian masyarakat menilai surutnya kesenian rakyat mulanya adalah dampak dari kemunculan televisi, salah satu instrumen modernisme. Jika logika tersebut digunakan, idealnya kesenian rakyat hari ini tengah berjalan menuju kepunahannya. Namun, kesenian rakyat yang telah mati puluhan tahun seperti ketoprak, berhasil direvitalisasi beberapa tahun terakhir. Di sisi lain, masyarakat Borobudur memiliki karakteristik religiositas yang unik. Mereka menganut agama yang beragam, tetapi mereka menggenggam nilai moral dan etika yang sama, yakni Jawa. Untuk bisa memahami dinamika yang terjadi, artikel ini menggunakan teori estetika religius Walter Benjamin sebagai pisau analisis. Secara khusus, artikel ini akan menjawab dua pertanyaan penelitian, yakni bagaimana religiositas memengaruhi gerakan revitalisasi kesenian rakyat dan apa fungsi sosial yang dihasilkan dari revitalisasi tersebut. Pertanyaan tersebut dijawab dengan menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografis yang dilakukan di Kecamatan Borobudur pada tahun 2022.
Makna Pengosongan Diri Allah Trinitas dalam Perspektif Jawa
Authors: Haryadi Dominikus Setio , Martasudjita Emanuel Pranawa Dhatu
Published: April 2024

Iman akan Allah Trinitas sebagai dasar iman umat kristiani tidaklah mudah dipahami oleh kebanyakan umat beriman. Semakin tidak mudah lagi bila kita memahami iman akan Allah Trinitas menurut konteks budaya tertentu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan pemahaman akan Allah Trinitas yang dimaknai sesuai dengan konteks budaya Jawa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi pustaka dengan pendekatan teologi kontekstual dan lingkaran pastoral. Penulis mengambil tokoh Semar dalam budaya Jawa untuk memperdalamnya dalam perbandingannya dengan Yesus dalam perspektif teologi komparatif. Secara khusus penulis ingin melihat konsep pengosongan diri dalam tokoh Semar dan juga dalam diri Yesus Kristus. Untuk sampai pada penelitian tersebut, penulis menggunakan teori semiotika Charles Peirce dan juga pemikiran Hans Urs von Balthasar yang berkaitan dengan doktrin Allah Trinitas. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya kemiripan pengosongan diri Semar dan Yesus. Akan tetapi, ada perbedaan yang jelas dan tegas pula dalam pengosongan diri Semar dan Yesus Kristus itu.
Efektifitas Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam Melalui E-Learning Pada Masa Pandemic Covid-19
Authors: Djaelani M. Zaidun , Suharyat Yayat
Published: April 2024

This research was motivated by the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic from 2020 to mid-2022, which required all learning activities to be carried out at each student's home. Therefore, media is needed to convey subject matter to students and be absorbed adequately, online. The method used in this study, namely: descriptive-qualitative. The findings of the study indicate that the effectiveness of Islamic religious education learning (History of Islamic Culture, Aqidah and Akhlaq, Fiqh, Arabic, Al Qur'an and Hadith) carried out by teachers in making learning effective, has been going well, but has not been achieved optimally. Factors that support the implementation of online learning or e-learning, among others: a). There is a distribution of internet quota; b). the number of applications that can be used to increase the variety of learning models; c). can use school computers; d). student motivation on various online learning applications. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors for this online learning process are: a). networks that are less supportive in the online learning process; b). There are still students who have not fully received a package from the school in the form of a quota to be able to access the internet network; c). Some students do not have gadgets or cell phones to access the internet.
Implementasi Program Literasi Untuk Meningkatkan Kecerdasan Lingusitik Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam
Authors: Holilah Siti , Misbahul Alam Dede Rubai
Published: April 2024

The literacy program at SDN Tambun 04 is a program that aims to familiarize students with reading 15 minutes before learning begins, to improve their linguistic intelligence. Islamic Religious Education lessons are one of the lessons that are integrated with this literacy program. In this research, the writer uses descriptive qualitative research, with the method of observation, interviews and documentation from resource persons, which will be used as data in the preparation of this thesis. The resource persons in this study included the principal of SDN Tambun 04, the teacher council, committee and parents of students as well as the fifth grade students of SDN Tambun 04. The results of the research that the authors get lead to several conclusions, namely: 1) the 15-minute reading habituation program before learning begins can improve students' linguistic intelligence, as evidenced by the ability of students to present their reading results in the development stage either orally or in writing. 2) PAI Learning Implementation Plan incorporates literacy programs into subjects
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Assure Dalam Pendidikan Agama Islam Terhadap Minat Belajar Siswa SMPN 1 Bekasi
Authors: Amalia Assyifa , Fauziah Farah , Fadhilah Rijal , Putra Purnama
Published: April 2024

The role of the teacher is very important in the world of education, because the teacher is in charge and responsible for motivating, facilitating, educating and training students. One way to overcome the difficulties experienced by students is to
increase students interest in learning in students who students experience difficulties. Teachers teach with methods that make students active in carrying out learning so that students are happy and active in answering teacher questions. This study aims to find out how the teacher's role in increasing students interest in learning. Teachers teach with methods that make students active in carrying out learning so that students are happy and active in answering teacher questions. The method used by researchers is a quantitative research method with quasi-experimental techniques. is one of the determinants in improving human resources. The learning design developed by the teacher is designed by implementing the ASSURE model in implementing the learning process. The ASSURE model is a learning model designed to strengthen effective and efficient learning, especially in learning activities that use media and technology. Where this integrated thematic learning is learning that links several fields of study into an interrelated theme to provide real experiences for students so that they can develop student knowledge an improve learning outcomes for students. In addition, it also helps teachers in evaluating the learning process that has been implemented.
Pengaruh Micro Teaching dan Bimbingan Guru Pamong terhadap Keterampilan Mengajar Mahasiswa Universitas Islam 45
Authors: Fitria Mawaddatul , Lutfiyatun Nisa Laila , Fawaid Anwar , Annuri Ahmad
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the study was to determine the perceptions of field experience students majoring in Islamic Religious Education at Islamic University 45 related to the influence of micro teaching and guidance of pamong teachers on teaching skills in various schools. This research is a quantitative descriptive research by conducting hypothesis testing. This research took place at the Islamic Education Study Programme at Islamic University 45 Bekasi. The population in this study were students of the Islamic Religious Education Study Programme at Islamic University 45 class of 2019 who had passed the micro teaching course and had carried out PPL, totalling 183 students. The sample taken was 37 students using proportional random sampling technique. The data collection technique is the questionnaire and documentation method. Data analysis techniques used to test the hypothesis are correlation and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that there was a positive influence of micro teaching and guidance of student teachers on teaching skills of Islamic Education Study Programme students at Islamic University 45.
GENDER AND SEXUALITY AS MODI OF LONELINESS IN CHRISTOPHER ISHERWOOD’S “THE WORLD IN THE EVENING”
Authors: Drannikov Anton
Published: April 2024

The paper offers an insight into the functioning of the phenomenon of loneliness in Christopher Isherwood’s “The World in the Evening”. Despite the text being dismissed as a failure by the writer himself, some scholars note its innovative treatment of gender and sexuality. The fact that psychological and sociological research often lists sex, gender, and sexual orientation as most frequent causes for loneliness, as well as the author’s peculiar interest in the depiction of the marginalised and alienated allow for a reading of the novel through the lens of identity studies.
The paper’s focus is on understanding of gender as a social construct and a performative category. The protagonist’s self is developed, transformed, and readjusted under the influence of female characters, and this situation contrasts with the androcentric homodiegetic narration.  With his very masculinity questioned, under the pressure of societal expectations to perform a certain gendered role, the protagonist experiences an identity crisis and feels lonely in all of his relationships. He avoids taking responsibility for his own life, constantly seeking some sort of validation or guidance from the women around him and becoming childish and deliberately cruel towards others when he gets none.
The sexual aspect of identity is analysed within the framework of queer theory. The protagonist’s bisexuality is treated by Isherwood as a somewhat neurotic condition arising from the clash between heteronormativity and ‘perverse’ homosexual desire. It is opposed to another part of the queer sexuality spectrum represented by two gay male characters successfully building a harmonious relationship. This image of the homosexual not as a deviation but rather an integral part of society is further reinforced by the alternative models of masculinity, those of gay men not only accepting their sexuality but willing to fight both for their country in the Second World War and their right to existence in the heteronormative world.
Epidemiology and differential diagnosis of tremor
Authors: Gordeeva I. E. , Barulin A. E. , Kurushina O. V. , Ansarov Kh. Sh.
Published: April 2024

Tremor are involuntary, rhythmic, oscillatory movements of a body part. The diagnosis of tremor is based on clinical information obtained from the history and physical examination. The most common types are enhanced physiological tremor, essential tremor, and parkinsonian tremor. The first step in evaluating a patient with a tremor is to classify the tremor based on its activation state, topographic distribution, and frequency. We analyzed the medical records of 99 patients who applied with complaints of tremor to the Regional Clinical Hospital, which showed that the most common diagnoses in patients with tremor were Parkinson's disease (44.4 %) and essential tremor (15.1 %).
İŞ SAĞLIĞI VE GÜVENLİĞİ BAĞLAMINDA İLK YARDIM EĞİTİMLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: YOUTUBE VİDEOLARININ ANALİZİ
Authors: Gültaç Aylin Sinem
Published: April 2024

Bu çalışmada iş sağlığı ve güvenliği bağlamında YouTube’da yer alan ilk yardım eğitim videolarının etkinliğinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu nedenle günümüzde en çok tercih edilen ikinci sosyal medya platformu olan YouTube’da ilk yardım eğitimi hakkında en fazla görüntülenmeye sahip 50 video incelenmiştir. Videolar görüntülenme sayısı, video uzunluğu, beğenme sayısı, yorum sayısı, video paylaşım tarihleri ve “HONcode Kriterleri’’ne göre değerlendirilmiştir. Videolara ilişkin betimsel istatistikler (frekans, yüzde, ortalama, standart sapma, medyan, minimum değer, maximum değer) SPSS 24.0 paket programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda ilk yardım eğitimi ile ilgili videoların güncel ve güvenilir olmadığı, yarısının sağlık profesyonelleri tarafından hazırlanmadığı, %64’ünde videoyu finanse eden kişi, kurum veya kuruluş hakkında bilgi verilirken %52’sinde reklam/tanıtım yapıldığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Videoların %90’ı “tamamlayıcılık’’ ilkesine uymaktadır ancak yalnızca %12’sinde referans kriterine uyulmuştur. Ayrıca videoların HONcode puan ortalamasının 28.9±35,471 olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak araştırma kapsamında incelenen videoların HONcode Kriterleri’ne uymadığı, video uzunluklarının ilk yardım eğitimi için yetersiz olduğu, video izlenme, yorum ve beğenme sayılarının düşük olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu nedenle YouTube’da yer alan ilk yardım eğitimlerinin profesyoneller tarafından hazırlanması ve denetlenmesi gerektiği anlaşılmaktadır. Bu araştırma ile güvenli ve doğru sağlık içeriklerine erişim hakkında farkındalık sağlanması, işyerlerinde ilk yardım eğitiminin önemi ve eğitimde kullanılabilecek alternatif kaynakların değerlendirilmesine katkı sunulmaktadır.
KISKANÇLIĞIN DEDİKODUYA ETKİSİ: HEMŞİRELER ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: Karaca Nuri
Published: April 2024

Örgütlerin refahı için çalışanların duygularının anlaşılması ve yönetilmeye çalışılması önem arz etmektedir. Nitekim çalışanlar arasındaki olumlu duygular daha yüksek motivasyona, daha iyi performansa, örgütsel güvene ve iş tatminine yol açabilirken; olumsuz duygular nezaketsizliğe, strese, tükenmişliğe, işten ayrılmaya ve dedikoduya yol açabilir. Bu kapsamda bu çalışmanın amacı olumsuz duygular arasında gösterilen kıskançlığın dedikodu üzerindeki etkisini tespit etmektir. Bu amaçla bir eğitim ve araştırma hastanesinde çalışan 600 hemşire araştırmanın ana kütlesi olarak seçilmiştir. Tesadüfi örneklem yöntemi ile belirlenen 290 hemşirenin oluşturduğu örneklemden anket tekniği ile veriler toplanmıştır. Toplanan veriler SPSS programı yardımlıyla analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre bağımsız değişken olan kıskançlık, bağımlı değişken olan dedikoduyu pozitif yönde anlamlı bir şekilde etkilemektedir.
YÖNETİM ALANINDAKİ WHISTLEBLOWING ARAŞTIRMALARININ BİBLİYOMETRİK ANALİZİ
Authors: Hırlak Bengü
Published: April 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, whistleblowing kavramının önemini ortaya koymak, mevcut bilgi birikimini görünür kılmak, bu alana katkıda bulunacak gelecekteki araştırmalar için bir yol haritası çizmek ve whistleblowing üzerine yapılan yayınların bibliyometrik profilini ortaya çıkarmaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Web of Science Core Collection (WOS) veri tabanında, başlığında, özetinde veya anahtar kelimelerinde “whistleblowing” ifadesini içeren çalışmalar taranmıştır. Herhangi bir yıl kısıtlaması yapılmamış, dil olarak sadece İngilizce yayınlar ve WOS kategorisi olarak Ethics (Etik), Business (İşletme), Management (Yönetim), Business Finance (İşletme Finansmanı), Public Administration (Kamu Yönetimi), Economics (Ekonomi), Political Science (Siyaset Bilimi), Nursing (Hemşirelik), Industrial Relations Labor (Endüstriyel İlişkiler ve İşgücü), Social Science Interdiciplinary (Disiplinlerarası Sosyal Bilimler) adlı 10 alan seçilmiştir. Bu kısıtlamalar sonucunda toplam 704 yayından oluşan veri setine ulaşılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerle R yazılımı kullanılarak bibliyometrik bir analiz gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analizler, whistleblowing ile ilgili yayınların, kaynakların, yazarların, ülkelerin, anahtar kelimelerin yıl, atıf ve sıklık kriterlerine ilişkin performanslarını ortaya koymuştur. Çalışma ayrıca konu çerçevesinde oluşan kavramsal, entellektüel ve sosyal yapıları da görünür kılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarının whistleblowing konusunda çalışma yapan araştırmacılara konunun ana hatlarını, konuyla ilgili eğilimleri ve yayınlanan en önemli dergi ile makaleleri göstermesi, kurumların, ülkelerin ve yazarların kavramla ilgili bilimsel yayın performanslarını değerlendirmesi, birbirini tekrar eden araştırmaların önüne geçilmesi ve literatürdeki araştırma boşluğunu gidermeye çalışması açısından faydalı olacağı düşünülmektedir
The role of the master cancer regulator Pin1 in the development and treatment of cancer
Authors: Stewart Robert , Sharma Shaunik , Wu Timothy , Okuda Sho , Xie George , Zhou Xiao Zhen , Shilton Brian , Lu Kun Ping
Published: April 2024

This review examines the complex role of Pin1 in the development and treatment of cancer. Pin1 is the only peptidyl–prolyl isomerase (PPIase) that can recognize and isomerize phosphorylated Ser/Thr-Pro peptide bonds. Pin1 catalyzes a structural change in phosphorylated Ser/Thr-Pro motifs that can modulate protein function and thereby impact cell cycle regulation and tumorigenesis. The molecular mechanisms by which Pin1 contributes to oncogenesis are reviewed, including Pin1 overexpression and its correlation with poor cancer prognosis, and the contribution of Pin1 to aggressive tumor phenotypes involved in therapeutic resistance is discussed, with an emphasis on cancer stem cells, the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and immunosuppression. The therapeutic potential of Pin1 inhibition in cancer is discussed, along with the promise and the difficulties in identifying potent, drug-like, small-molecule Pin1 inhibitors. The available evidence supports the efficacy of targeting Pin1 as a novel cancer therapeutic by analyzing the role of Pin1 in a complex network of cancer-driving pathways and illustrating the potential of synergistic drug combinations with Pin1 inhibitors for treating aggressive and drug-resistant tumors.
Linguistic patterning of laughter in human-socialbot interactions
Authors: Perkins Booker Nynaeve , Cohn Michelle , Zellou Georgia
Published: April 2024

Laughter is a social behavior that conveys a variety of emotional states and is also intricately intertwined with linguistic communication. As people increasingly engage with voice-activated artificially intelligent (voice-AI) systems, an open question is how laughter patterns during spoken language interactions with technology. In Experiment 1, we collected a corpus of recorded short conversations (~10 min in length) between users (n = 76) and Amazon Alexa socialbots (a voice-AI interface designed to mimic human conversational interactions) and analyzed the interactional and pragmatic contexts in which laughter occurred. Laughter was coded for placement in the interaction relative to various speech acts, as well as for phonetic patterning such as duration and voicing. Our analyses reveal that laughter is most commonly found when the content of Alexa’s speech is considered inappropriate for the discourse context. Laughter in the corpus was also largely short in length and unvoiced– characteristics which are commonly associated with negative social valence. In Experiment 2, we found that a separate group of listeners did not distinguish between positive and negative laughter from our dataset, though we find that laughs rated as more positive are also rated as more excited and authentic. Overall, we discuss our findings for models of human-computer interaction and applications for the use of laughter in socialbot conversations.
Long-term outcomes in non-CAH 46,XX DSD
Authors: Grouthier Virginie , Bachelot Anne
Published: April 2024

Differences/disorders of sex development (DSD) comprise a large group of rare congenital conditions. 46,XX DSD, excluding congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), represent only a small number of these diseases. Due to the rarity of non-CAH 46,XX DSD, data on this sex chromosomal aberration were confined to case reports or case series with small numbers of patients. As the literature is still relatively sparse, medical data on the long-term effects of these pathologies remain scarce. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of current data on the long-term follow-up of patients with non-CAH 46,XX DSD, by covering the following topics: quality of life, gender identity, fertility and sexuality, global health, bone and cardiometabolic effects, cancer risk, and mortality. As non-CAH 46,XX DSD is a very rare condition, we have no accurate data on adult QoL assessment for these patients. Various factors may contribute to a legitimate questioning about their gender identity, which may differ from their sex assigned at birth. A significant proportion of gender dysphoria has been reported in various series of 46,XX DSD patients. However, it is difficult to give an accurate prevalence of gender dysphoria and gender reassignment in non-CAH 46,XX DSD because of the rarity of the data. Whatever the aetiology of non-CAH 46,XX DSD, fertility seems to be impaired. On the other hand, sexuality appears preserved in 46,XX men, whereas it is impaired in women with MRKH syndrome before treatment. Although there is still a paucity of data on general health, bone and cardiometabolic effects, and mortality, it would appear that the 46,XX DSD condition is less severely affected than other DSD conditions. Further structured and continued multi-center follow-up is needed to provide more information on the long-term outcome of this very rare non-CAH 46,XX DSD condition.
Oxidative balance score: a potential tool for reducing the risk of colorectal cancer and its subsites incidences
Authors: Chang Yu , Li Fan , Wang Zhi , Zhao Qi , Wang Zhaodi , Han Xiaoping , Xu Zifeng , Yu Chanjiao , Liu Yue , Chang Shiyu , Li Hongyan , Hu Sileng , Li Yuqin , Tang Tongyu
Published: April 2024

Background

The Oxidative Balance Score (OBS) is commonly used to assess oxidative stress and provides a comprehensive evaluation of dietary and lifestyle-related exposures. However, there is limited research on the association between OBS and colorectal cancer (CRC), its subsites, and complications. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between OBS and the risk of CRC, its subsites, and common complications in a large prospective cohort study.

Methods

We included data from 175,808 participants in the UK Biobank data sample repository from 2006 to 2010. We evaluated OBS using a scoring system based on 22 dietary and lifestyle factors. Multiple adjustments, including multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression, gender stratification, subgroup analysis, and sensitivity analysis, were performed to fully explore the relationship between OBS and CRC, its subsites, and complications. The mediation analysis was conducted to investigate whether serum albumin, uric acid, and neutrophil levels mediate the relationship between OBS and CRC.

Results

After adjusting for potential confounding factors, a significant negative correlation was found between OBS and the risk of CRC and its subsites (proximal colon cancer, distal colon cancer, and rectal cancer). This correlation was particularly pronounced in male CRC patients. Serum albumin, uric acid, and neutrophil count, which are biomarkers, were found to have a significant mediating effect between OBS and CRC.

Conclusion

Our study suggests that higher exposure to antioxidants assessed through OBS (diet and lifestyle rich in antioxidants) may decrease the occurrence of CRC and its subsites.
Exploring the evolution of CHS gene family in plants
Authors: Yang Li , Zhang Shuai , Chu Dake , Wang Xumei
Published: April 2024

Chalcone synthase (CHS) is a key enzyme that catalyzes the first committed step of flavonoid biosynthetic pathway. It plays a vital role not only in maintaining plant growth and development, but also in regulating plant response to environmental hazards. However, the systematic phylogenomic analysis of CHS gene family in a wide range of plant species has not been reported yet. To fill this knowledge gap, a large-scale investigation of CHS genes was performed in 178 plant species covering green algae to dicotyledons. A total of 2,011 CHS and 293 CHS-like genes were identified and phylogenetically divided into four groups, respectively. Gene distribution patterns across the plant kingdom revealed the origin of CHS can be traced back to before the rise of algae. The gene length varied largely in different species, while the exon structure was relatively conserved. Selection pressure analysis also indicated the conserved features of CHS genes on evolutionary time scales. Moreover, our synteny analysis pinpointed that, besides genome-wide duplication and tandem duplication, lineage specific transposition events also occurred in the evolutionary trajectory of CHS gene family. This work provides novel insights into the evolution of CHS gene family and may facilitate further research to better understand the regulatory mechanism of traits relating to flavonoid biosynthesis in diverse plants.
Gas6/TAM system as potential biomarker for multiple sclerosis prognosis
Authors: D’Onghia Davide , Colangelo Donato , Bellan Mattia , Tonello Stelvio , Puricelli Chiara , Virgilio Eleonora , Apostolo Daria , Minisini Rosalba , Ferreira Luciana L. , Sozzi Leonardo , Vincenzi Federica , Cantello Roberto , Comi Cristoforo , Pirisi Mario , Vecchio Domizia , Sainaghi Pier Paolo
Published: April 2024

Introduction

The protein growth arrest-specific 6 (Gas6) and its tyrosine kinase receptors Tyro-3, Axl, and Mer (TAM) are ubiquitous proteins involved in regulating inflammation and apoptotic body clearance. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system leading to progressive and irreversible disability if not diagnosed and treated promptly. Gas6 and TAM receptors have been associated with neuronal remyelination and stimulation of oligodendrocyte survival. However, few data are available regarding clinical correlation in MS patients. We aimed to evaluate soluble levels of these molecules in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum at MS diagnosis and correlate them with short-term disease severity.

Methods

In a prospective cohort study, we enrolled 64 patients with a diagnosis of clinical isolated syndrome (CIS), radiological isolated syndrome (RIS) and relapsing–remitting (RR) MS according to the McDonald 2017 Criteria. Before any treatment initiation, we sampled the serum and CSF, and collected clinical data: disease course, presence of gadolinium-enhancing lesions, and expanded disability status score (EDSS). At the last clinical follow-up, we assessed EDSS and calculated MS severity score (MSSS) and age-related MS severity (ARMSS). Gas6 and TAM receptors were determined using an ELISA kit (R&D Systems) and compared to neurofilament (NFLs) levels evaluated with SimplePlex™ fluorescence-based immunoassay.

Results

At diagnosis, serum sAxl was higher in patients receiving none or low-efficacy disease-modifying treatments (DMTs) versus patients with high-efficacy DMTs (p = 0.04). Higher CSF Gas6 and serum sAXL were associated with an EDSS <3 at diagnosis (p = 0.04; p = 0.037). Serum Gas6 correlates to a lower MSSS (r2 = −0.32, p = 0.01). Serum and CSF NFLs were confirmed as disability biomarkers in our cohort according to EDSS (p = 0.005; p = 0.002) and MSSS (r2 = 0.27, p = 0.03; r2 = 0.39, p = 0.001). Results were corroborated using multivariate analysis.

Conclusions

Our data suggest a protective role of Gas6 and its receptors in patients with MS and suitable severity disease biomarkers.
The prevalence and characteristics of frailty in cirrhosis patients: a meta-analysis and systematic review
Authors: Xie Ruiyu , Jing Xiaotong , Yang Chuanjie
Published: April 2024

Objectives

This study aimed to assess the prevalence of frailty in cirrhosis patients and the distribution of age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) in cirrhotic patients with frailty.

Methods

We performed a thorough literature search using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library from inception to 29 February 2024. The estimated prevalence with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated with a random effect model. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were performed to assess the heterogeneity and characterize the distribution of age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) in cirrhotic patients. Publication bias was assessed by the funnel plot, Begg's test, and Egger's test.

Results

The 16 included studies, which were all observational, reported a prevalence of frailty in 8,406 cirrhosis patients ranging from 9 to 65%, and the overall estimated prevalence was 27% (95% CI: 21–33%; I2 = 97.7%, P < 0.001). This meta-analysis indicated that the estimated prevalence of frailty in cirrhosis patients was high, and compared to the non-frail cohort, the frail cohort tended to have a higher mean age, with a mean age of 63.3 (95% CI: 59.9, 66.7; Z = 36.48; P < 0.001), and a larger proportion of male patients with worse liver function, with a mean of 73.5% (95% CI: 71.4, 75.5%; Z = 7.65; P < 0.001), ND in the frail cohort, 54.8% (95% CI: 43.1, 66.5%; P < 0.001) and 23.4% (95% CI: 13.2, 33.7%; P < 0.001) were classified into Child-Pugh B and C, respectively. Meanwhile, the patients in the non-frail cohort are more likely to have a higher BMI, with a mean of 28.4 (95% CI: 24.1, 32.7; Z = 13.07; P < 0.001).

Conclusion

The current study suggests that cirrhosis patients have a high prevalence of frailty. Compared with the non-frail cohort, the frail patients tend to be male, older, and have a lower BMI with worse liver function.
Hypo-connectivity of the primary somatosensory cortex in Parkinson’s disease: a resting-state functional MRI study
Authors: Wang Yinghua , Gong Tao , Tao Na , Zeng Ying , Ma Haotian , Yuan Wu , Luo Wenmin , Zhou Fuqing
Published: April 2024

Background

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by a range of motor symptoms as well as documented sensory dysfunction. This sensory dysfunction can present itself either as a “pure” sensory disturbance or as a consequence of sensory-motor integration within the central nervous system. This study aims to investigate changes in the functional connectivity of the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) and its clinical significance in Parkinson’s disease (PD), an area that has received limited attention in previous neuroimaging studies.

Methods

This study included thirty-three patients with PD and thirty-four healthy controls (HCs). Clinical evaluations were conducted to assess the clinical manifestations, severity, and functional capacity of all the patients. Resting-state functional MRI (fMRI) was employed to evaluate the functional connectivity of six paired S1 subregions in the participants. Seed-based correlation (SBC) analysis was utilized to construct the correlation matrix among the subregions and to generate connectivity maps between the subregions and the remaining brain voxels. Finally, the study employed partial least-squares (PLS) correlation analysis to investigate the association between modified functional connectivity and clinical characteristics in PD patients.

Results

In the correlation matrix, patients with PD demonstrated a notable decrease in functional connectivity across various S1 subregions in comparison to HCs (p < 0.001, corrected using network-based methods). In connectivity maps, hypo-connectivity was primarily observed in the sensorimotor network as common patterns (p < 0.001, corrected for false discovery rate) and in the default mode network (DMN) as distinct patterns. Moreover, this study identified a negative association between the correlation matrix within S1 subregions and the scores for axial symptoms and postural instability/gait difficulty (PIGD) in PD patients. Nevertheless, a direct relationship between the connectivity maps of S1 subregions and clinical assessment scales was not established.

Conclusion

This study offers novel insights into the neurobiological mechanisms that contribute to S1 dysfunction in PD, highlighting the significant involvement of S1 hypo-connectivity in the motor disturbances observed in PD patients.
Altered asymmetry of functional connectome gradients in major depressive disorder
Authors: Yang Yaqian , Zhen Yi , Wang Xin , Liu Longzhao , Zheng Yi , Zheng Zhiming , Zheng Hongwei , Tang Shaoting
Published: April 2024

Introduction

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a debilitating disease involving sensory and higher-order cognitive dysfunction. Previous work has shown altered asymmetry in MDD, including abnormal lateralized activation and disrupted hemispheric connectivity. However, it remains unclear whether and how MDD affects functional asymmetries in the context of intrinsic hierarchical organization.

Methods

Here, we evaluate intra- and inter-hemispheric asymmetries of the first three functional gradients, characterizing unimodal-transmodal, visual-somatosensory, and somatomotor/default mode-multiple demand hierarchies, to study MDD-related alterations in overarching system-level architecture.

Results

We find that, relative to the healthy controls, MDD patients exhibit alterations in both primary sensory regions (e.g., visual areas) and transmodal association regions (e.g., default mode areas). We further find these abnormalities are woven in heterogeneous alterations along multiple functional gradients, associated with cognitive terms involving mind, memory, and visual processing. Moreover, through an elastic net model, we observe that both intra- and inter-asymmetric features are predictive of depressive traits measured by BDI-II scores.

Discussion

Altogether, these findings highlight a broad and mixed effect of MDD on functional gradient asymmetry, contributing to a richer understanding of the neurobiological underpinnings in MDD.
Research progress of cell membrane biomimetic nanoparticles for circulating tumor cells
Authors: Zhang Yingfeng , Wang Jia
Published: April 2024

Early detection of cancer is crucial to reducing fatalities and improving patient outcomes. Metastasis is the first stage of aggressive cancers, often occurring before primary lesions can be seen. It occurs when cancerous cells disseminate to distant, non-malignant organs through the bloodstream, known as circulating tumor cells (CTCs). CTCs, or cancer tumor cells, are valuable indicators for predicting treatment response, metastasis progression, and disease progression. However, they are primarily used for research due to challenges like heterogeneity, separation from blood, and lack of clinical validation. Only a few methods have been approved for clinical use. One area of research is the isolation and identification of CTCs, which could significantly impact early cancer detection and prognosis. Current technologies using whole-blood samples use size, immunoaffinity, and density approaches, along with positive and negative enrichment techniques. Surface modification of nanomaterials is important for effective cancer therapies because it improves their ability to target and reduces interactions with healthy tissues. Consequently, researchers have created biomimetic nanoparticles covered with cell membranes using functional, targeted, and biocompatible coating technology. Nanoparticles with membranes can target specific cells, stay in circulation for longer, and avoid immune responses, which makes them much better at capturing CTCs. This study examines the current opportunities and difficulties associated with using cell membrane–coated nanoparticles as a capture technique for CTCs. In addition, we examine potential future developments in light of the current obstacles and investigate areas that require further research to fully understand its growing clinical possibilities.
The introduction of virtual reality in forensic mental healthcare – an interview study on the first impressions of patients and healthcare providers regarding VR in treatment
Authors: Kouijzer M. T. E. , Kip H. , Kelders S. M. , Bouman Y. H. A.
Published: April 2024

Background

Recognizing the potential of Virtual Reality (VR) as a powerful technology to support behavior change, the careful introduction of this technology into treatment settings is essential. This is especially important in vulnerable populations like forensic psychiatric patients. This study aims to gain insight from the impressions of both patients and healthcare providers concerning the integration of VR in practice. The study aims to contribute valuable information that guides the introduction of VR technology, ensuring its optimal use in the complex context of forensic mental healthcare.

Methods

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with healthcare providers (n = 10) working at forensic outpatient clinics and forensic psychiatric patients (n = 8). All participants experienced VR before the interview. Inductive thematic analysis was employed for analyzing the interview data.

Results

Patients valued the unique opportunity to simulate personal experiences in VR scenarios and reflect on them with healthcare providers. In addition to positive first impressions, areas for improvement were identified, including the wish for enhanced realism and reduced physical discomfort while immersed in VR. Finally, important factors contributing to the successful introduction of VR were identified. For example, taking into account psychological distress experienced by patients or supporting healthcare providers with implementation resources.

Conclusion

The integration of VR into forensic mental healthcare holds great potential for behavior change. However, its immersive characteristics also increase the chance of amplifying psychological distress. This emphasizes the need for caution when using VR– especially when a vulnerable patient group is subjected to triggering scenarios. This study advocates for a gradual introduction of the technology and provides valuable insights into essential elements for this introduction in clinical practice. It highlights that even the initial step of integrating VR into practice – the introduction phase – demands careful planning and a personalized approach. This underscores the need for ongoing refinement and a systematic approach to the overall implementation of VR. These efforts are crucial to fully realize its potential in clinical practice.