bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Automated differential diagnostics of respiratory diseases using an electronic stethoscope
Authors: Arhypenko Diana , Panaskin Denis , Babko Dmytro
Published: December 2023

Introduction: The outbreak of the coronavirus infection, which has escalated into a pandemic, has worsened the already unfavourable situation with respiratory system diseases in Ukraine. The burden on doctors has significantly increased, necessitating the exploration of simplified and expedited methods for conducting routine respiratory examinations. The research aims to describe a model for creating an automated differential diagnosis of respiratory noise using an electronic stethoscope, combining medical and clinical information about the types of respiratory noise characterizing the normal or pathological state of the respiratory system with a means of its information and technical processing.

Material and methods: The research methods were analysis of theoretical information about the types of respiratory noise, analysis of technical information for choosing an information technology tool for processing biological signals; synthesis of the results; modelling.

Results: The research resulted in a model of automated differential diagnosis based on the principle of auscultation, which includes the process of extracting the sound of air movement inside and outside the lungs and the classification of the extracted sounds. Automation of this process concerned only the classification of the extracted sounds since the principle of extraction itself was the same for both mechanical and automatic implementations.

Conclusions: The automatic classification process was intended to reduce the time of the procedure and reduce the influence of the human factor, eliminating the possibility of medical error. To implement the process, a deep machine learning method was used, the array of information for which was to be a created phonotheque of acoustic signals of the respiratory system, which would include all types of respiratory noise concerning normal or pathological processes in the body.
Analytical Hierarchy Method for Evaluating the Environmental Sustainability in the Context of Ecosystem Services Enhancing: A Case Study of the Biosphere Reserve, Ukraine
Authors: Rusyn Bohdan , Alokhina Olga , Korus Mykola , Ivchenko Daria , Pits Natalia
Published: December 2023

The ability of natural systems to provide services is critical to the sustainability of the environment. The increasing environmental pressures necessitate the creation of conditions conducive to the preservation and sustainability of natural ecosystems. A review of similar studies reveals that when evaluating ecosystem services, more consideration should be given to evaluating ecosystem stability. The Ukrainian Biosphere Reserve was chosen as the study polygon due to its importance as a conservation area and the diversity of natural ecosystems. The Analytical Hierarchy Method, in this case, provides a very straightforward way to analyze such complicated systems. The first step is to identify and value the services offered by the Biosphere Reserve’s wetland, forest, and aquatic ecosystems. Then, four criteria (C1–C4) and impacts (P1–Pn) that directly affect the ecological sustainability of a certain ecosystem within each criterion were identified. The overall weight of each impact on specific ecosystem sustainability was computed and estimated to reach the main goal (G). The integrated ecological stability evaluation index (CEI) was then calculated using the overall weight values. Wetland and forest ecosystem indices were calculated to be 0.63 and 0.64, indicating that these systems are moderately stable. The stability index for aquatic ecosystems is 0.75, indicating that the system is ecologically stable. As a result, it is critical to focus on reducing negative factors affecting wetlands and forest ecosystems, such as sylvatization and/or recreational activities, to strengthen ecosystem stability and the ability to provide services.
Why is the Teleological Argument so Popular?
Authors: Hunt Marcus W.
Published: December 2023

Why are teleological arguments based on biological phenomena so popular? My explanation is that teleological properties are presented in our experiences of biological phenomena. I contrast this with the view that the attribution of teleological properties to biological phenomena takes place at an intellective level – via inference, and as belief or similar propositional attitude. I suggest five ways in which the experiential view is the better explanation for the popularity of such teleological arguments. Experiential attributions are more easy, impactful, and implastic. The experiential view accommodates cases of conflicting attributions, and it makes sense of the readiness with which we follow such teleological arguments. I respond to objections and explain how my view builds on existing answers to this question found in the philosophical literature.
Sechs Ansatzpunkte für eine nachhaltige und sozialverträgliche grüne Transformation
Authors: Brandt Nicola , Grundke Robert , Krill Zeev
Published: December 2023

Germany wants to achieve carbon neutrality by 2045, which requires a substantial acceleration in emission reduction. The OECD suggests six levers for a successful sustainability transformation. More comprehensive and coherent greenhouse gas pricing, involving a phase out of environmentally harmful subsidies would set better incentives to switch consumption, production and innovation to climate­friendlier products and technologies. Direct revenue refunds to households would avoid overburdening lower­income groups. Furthermore, there are a number of costly and poorly targeted subsidies for the deployment of renewables that can be reduced gradually. This would make room to offer more support for expediting development of green energy technologies and infrastructure. Workers in energy­intensive industries will need support to retrain and potentially move to other industries or places.
Recycling seltener Metalle: ein Weg zu resilienten grünen Lieferketten
Authors: Wolf André
Published: December 2023

Green technologies, like electric motors, contain valuable rare metals. Recycling these would represent an important step towards a green circular economy. However, the development of supply chains for recycled metals faces difficulties such as a lack of technical standardisation, low collection rates of end-of-life products and low efficiency of recycling technologies. European policymakers must address these obstacles by a targeted approach, combining requirements on data transparency and supply chain cooperation with new support schemes to accelerate the upscaling of recycling capacities. An auction-based production premium for recyclers can help to overcome the funding gap in the early stages of capacity development.
A TAXONOMIC REVISION OF THE MADAGASCAR-ENDEMIC GENUS BEMANGIDIA (SAPOTACEAE), WITH DESCRIPTION OF A SECOND SPECIES
Authors: Boluda Carlos , Randriarisoa Aina , Naciri Yamama , Gautier Laurent
Published: December 2023

Bemangidia L.Gaut. (Sapotaceae) is a genus endemic to a restricted area in the southeastern lowland moist evergreen forests of Madagascar. It was published in 2013 to accommodate an undescribed species, Bemangidia lowryi L.Gaut., which showed a combination of characters unique in the family Sapotaceae. At the time of description, three atypical collections from the same locality but growing on a ridge, slightly higher in altitude, were already known. Although matching well with the Bemangidia genus, they were phenotypically different from B. lowryi and were therefore not included in the species description. In the present study, we evaluate whether these specimens correspond to a new species, using a combination of morphological and genetic data based on 638 nuclear genes. The results show that Bemangidia contains two lineages, each one corresponding to a different morphology, with a genetic branch length similar to those observed among species pairs in other genera of Sapotaceae. We conclude that the genetic and  morphological differences are sufficient to consider the two lineages as two distinct species. Consequently, the genus is here revised and a second species described.
Comparative Analysis of Masonry Productivity on a Construction Site in the City of Manaus
Authors: Marques Johnnathan Kennedy Lima , Fernandes Fernando de Farias
Published: December 2023

Objective: The main focus of this work is to conduct a comparative study on productivity by developing compositions based on the specificities of construction companies in comparison to the constants in TCPO and SINAPI, for the conventional masonry service of 9x19x19 cm ceramic brick ½ time, and to gain insights into the differences in productivity between TCPO, SINAPI, and RUP in the city of Manaus, understanding the reasons behind these variations.
 
Method: This study involves bibliographic research, data collection, and comparative analysis.
 
Results and Conclusion: The methodology used in the study allowed for on-site data collection, SINAPI data collection, and TCPO data collection. With this information, it was possible to calculate the proposed RUPs: Daily, accumulated, and potential. Using these data, the average SINAPI RUP was also calculated, and the TCPO RUP was collected. This scientific research provided a concrete study of labor productivity in the masonry work of a residential construction project. With on-site data collection, the calculation of RUPs was performed, and comparisons were made with TCPO and SINAPI references.
 
Research Implications: Contribution to improving productivity in civil engineering projects in the city of Manaus, reducing costs, and optimizing resource utilization.
 
Originality/Value: This research is novel in the region, and the comparison of data between TCPO, SINAPI, and real production is crucial to understanding their outcomes.
Analysis and Optimization of Nanolubricated Journal Bearing under Thermoelasto-Hydrodynamic Lubrication Considering Cavitation Effect
Authors: A. Abass Basim , Y. Ahmed Saba , H. Kadhim Zainab
Published: December 2023

This work deals with the effect of the cavitation and the elastic deformation on the steady-state thermal performance of plain journal bearing using CFD-FSI technique. As a case study, a bearing lubricated with SAE40W oil dispersed with TiO2 nanoparticles was extensively analyzed. The hydrodynamic pressure, oil film temperature, and the other bearing parameters have been calculated. The nanoparticles volume fractions, journal speeds, and eccentricity ratios have been considered. Krieger Dougherty model was implemented with the Vogel- Barus exponential viscosity to include the effects of the oil temperature and TiO2 nanoparticles volume fraction on the lubricant viscosity. The cavitation effect was implemented using Zwart-Gerber-Belamari model. The optimum journal position, the attitude angle, and the load have been obtained using Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm. The mathematical model was successfully verified with the pressure and the total deformation published by Dhande with 4% and 2% deviation between the results respectively. The film temperature of the present work was compared to that obtained numerically by Li et al and experimentally by Ferron and Boncompain with 2% maximum deviation between the results. An enhancement in the load-carrying capacity of the bearing with a little growth in oil film temperature were obtained when using TiO2 nano lubricant.
Experimental Investigations on Thermophysical, Tribological and Rheological Properties of MoS2 and WS2 Based Nanolubricants with Castor Oil as Base Lubricant
Authors: Srivastava Jyoti , Nandi Tandra , Kumar Trivedi Rakesh
Published: December 2023

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and Tungsten disulfide (WS2) nanoparticles addition to castor oil produce nano lubricants of novel properties. These nanomaterial additives are dispersed thoroughly in the liquid phase and are intended to boost the base fluid's thermo-physical, rheological, and tribological properties. All these properties have been studied by varying concentrations of nanoparticles from 0.05 to 2.5%. The size of both nanoparticles are in the range of <20nm. The density of nano lubricants was found to change with respect to nanoparticle concentration and temperature. The density increases from 0.06 to 0.6% with respect to the increase in concentration and decreases by 4%, for increasing temperature from 25 to 100 o C. A significant (15 %) increase in thermal conductivity with MoS2 nanoparticles in lubricants could be observed while with WS2 nanoparticles only 8 % enhancement was observed. The rheological study suggests that nano lubricants have better dynamic viscosity and shear stress than neat castor oil. A tribology study showed improved lubrication properties of the nanolubricants as compared with base castor oil. The addition of MoS2 and WS2 nanoparticles in castor oil decreased the friction coefficient by 53 % and 42 %, respectively, and reduced the wear scar diameter by 24% and 20 %, respectively, as compared to base castor oil. This study was done to develop nonedible vegetable oil based nanolubricants exploring their potential as emerging lubricants.
Parametric Design Optimization of Convergent Textured Thrust Bearing in THD Behaviour
Authors: Omar Mertad , Abdelkader Youcefi , Fatouma Maamar , Kouider Mostefa
Published: December 2023

Textured thrust bearing is a technological means capable of providing higher performance compared to untextured bearing. This paper presents a parametric design optimization with thermohydrodynamic (THD) behaviour of textured thrust bearing in a range of convergence ratios. The bearing consists of eight pads (stator), film fluid and a collar (rotor). The main objective of this optimization is to provide higher load capacity, to relatively minimize the maximum temperature of the pad and the friction torque. To this aim, we perform a 3D computational fluid dynamics model for convergent thrust bearing with individual angular sector shaped texturing with a flat bottom profile pad, by using ANSYS. CFX, and considered a thermal effect.
Effect of Internal Structure of Circular Dimples on Hydrodynamic Lubrication Characteristics of Thrust Bearings
Authors: Ishi Ryota , Miwa Reo , Miyanaga Norifumi , Tomioka Jun
Published: December 2023

In this study, the effects of three types of dimples with different internal structures on the fluid lubrication characteristics of seal-like thrust bearings were experimentally and numerically investigated. In the experiments, the load-carrying capacity and the frictional torque were measured. The measurements were performed with a fixed constant film thickness. The behaviors of cavitation bubbles occurred within the dimples were observed through the rotating glass plate. Three types of internal structures of dimples were tested: cylindrical, spherical and conical. The measurement results were simulated by using the Reynolds equation. In addition, applying the periodic condition, a single dimple was analyzed. As the results, in three types of dimples, the load-carrying capacity increased as the rotational speed increased. The cylindrical internal structure built up the largest pressure at the trailing edge of dimples, and consequently the largest load-carrying capacity. The frictional torque also increased with increasing the rotational speed in the dimpled bearings. However, the effect of the internal structure on the frictional torque was not significant. Analytical results showed that the pressure reached the maximum value at the trailing edge of the cylindrical internal structure. The conical and sphere internal structure had the maximum value slightly inside the trailing edge.
Investigation of Wear Resistance of Polyamide PA6 Based Composite Materials for Metal - Polymer Plain Bearings and Gears
Authors: Chernets Myron , Chernets Yuriy , Skvarok Yuriy , Zubrzycki Jaroslaw
Published: December 2023

Metal-polymer plain bearings and gears are becoming increasingly used in many areas of human activity. The wear resistance of one group of such materials - unreinforced polyamides PA6, PA66, and composites with fillers РА6+30GF, РА6+30CF, РА6+MoS2, РА6+Оil was studied. To determine their wear resistance indicators the author's method of model triboexperimental research according to the scheme of end friction at dry sliding friction paired with carbon steel (0.45%C) is used. According to the determined wear resistance indicators, are calculated as the basic parameters of the author's mathematical model of materials’ wear kinetics at sliding friction and the analytical method of the research of specified friction units. Based to the research, polymeric materials’ wear resistance diagrams are plotted as graphical indicators of wear resistance in the accepted range of specific friction forces. The qualitative and quantitative influence of the type and structure of the fillers on the wear resistance has been established. Qualitatively, the nature of the change in wear resistance of the indicated types of polyamides is similar, quantitatively the difference is significantly differentiated. It was found that PA6+Oil has the highest wear resistance compared to the РA6. It consistently increases in the following sequence: PA66, РA6+30GF, РA6+MoS2, РA6+30CF, РA6+Oil.
Design of the Springs Tightening for a Double Cartridge Mechanical Seal
Authors: Stanciu Andrei , Ilinca Costin , George Ripeanu Razvan
Published: December 2023

Mechanical seals are used in a wide range of industrial applications, including pumps, compressors etc., in order to avoid leakage of the working fluid. The design construction, and the operation of the mechanical seals continue to evolve to meet the demands of new technologies and industries. These developments are the increase of operating parameters, in the condition of strictly respecting the environment protection. A mechanical seal consists of two rings, one being static and the other one dynamic, which are actioned by one or two fluid pressure, and an elastic force (or magnetic) which keeps the two faces of the rings in permanent contact. A direct contact between the frontal face of the rings will increase the surface temperature and the rings wear, so a small fluid film, as a lubricant and coolant, it is kept between the two face sealings. At modern mechanical seal are used also a secondary fluid. The tightening force in the seal, which it is very important, depends on seal construction, materials used, working fluid type, pressure and temperature, rotational speed, secondary fluid type, pressure, and temperature. Paper aims to present the studies made by the authors on a mechanical seal of the AESSEAL, cartridge seal type CDSA of a 1” in order to obtain the correct sealing pressure between seal rings. Calculation was made analytical, with the respect of regulations of the standards, and by FEA method. Was obtained a CFD model, to simulate the pressure inside the chamber of secondary fluid at different inlet/outlet pressures to determine the real value of it. The obtained results by CFD analyses were integrated in FEM analyses by ANSYS Static Structural to calculate the contact pressure on the rings faces and to calculate the minimum spring force for internal and external sealing cartridges for different working and secondary fluid pressure, also considering the seal construction design, materials, and rotational speed of 3000rpm. The results are very important in operation of the mechanical seal because the graphs presented in the paper give the operators the correct value of the spring tightening in the seal depending on the different ranges of fluids pressures.
Questões éticas e epistemológicas no campo da pesquisa em educação
Authors: Pessanha Fabiana Nery de Lima , Lourenço Florentino Maria
Published: December 2023

O presente artigo objetiva produzir reflexões sobre questões nodais no campo da pesquisa em educação, particularmente, os desafios éticos e epistemológicos de se pesquisar com crianças. Consideram-se algumas singularidades da produção científica, tais como a perspectiva qualitativa de investigação, para a qual um dos desafios da pesquisa com crianças envolve reconhecer esse grupo como categoria social e política. O referencial teórico usado baseou-se nos estudos sociais da infância, a partir de revisão bibliográfica, focalizando o mergulho em estudos com crianças e seus pressupostos. Aponta-se para a necessidade de procedimentos teórico-metodológicos que contemplem uma perspectiva ética e alteritária, em diálogo com as concepções de infância subjacentes nas pesquisas com crianças.
Hoyer: „Viele Kliniken scheiden freiwillig aus“
Authors:   Monitor Versorgungsforschung, Stegmaier Peter
Published: December 2023

‚The concentration of care on hospitals with high case numbers is good news for the chances of survival of very small premature babies. This is because scientific studies clearly show that with a higher number of cases, the complication rates and mortality risk of the children treated are lower,‘ emphasises Jens Martin Hoyer, Deputy Chairman of the Board of the AOK-Bundesverband. ‚The decision of the Federal Joint Committee to increase the minimum volumes is now having an effect - and that makes absolute sense in terms of patient safety.‘ However, it is possible that individual maternity wards may still be authorised to provide care by the responsible state authority despite falling below the minimum quantity. ‚These locations are then added to the AOK map, but with a special colour coding and with details of the last case numbers achieved,‘ says Hoyer.
Kinder in der Corona-Pandemie
Authors:   Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Wien, Skala Katrin
Published: December 2023

Childhood is historically and culturally changeable. Since the time of the Reformation at the latest, the construction of childhood has become a construction of childhood passivity and children have been defined to a considerable extent by what they are not allowed to do or where they should not be. At the same time, the concept of childlike ‚innocence‘ was combined with the demand for ‚protection‘ from the dangers of the adult world.
Zwischen Konsistenz und Flexibilität
Authors:   fbeta, Bleß Hans-Holger
Published: December 2023

Based on the provisions of SGB V, evidence-based medicine (EBM) forms the basis for the work of the Federal Joint Committee (G-BA) and the Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG) in their medical assessments and decisions on the specification of care content such as disease management programmes (DMP) and the services to be financed by the statutory health insurance (SHI). The evaluation of available evidence is thus directly linked to pricing, reimbursement and also to care management. Greater flexibility in dealing with the evidence requirements has been exercised in the past, but without consistency and certainly also when a lowering of the requirement level led to a financial advantage for the statutory health insurance (SHI). At the same time, there are also examples in which the clinical relevance of an intervention was so obvious that the G-BA used its room for manoeuvre in the interests of healthcare.
Einbeziehung von Patient:innen zur Förderung von Patientensicherheit in Gesund-heitseinrichtungen in Deutschland
Authors:   Institut für Patientensicherheit am Universitätsklinikum der Universität Bonn, Koch Amelie , Gambashidze Nikoloz ,   Institut für Patientensicherheit der Universität Bonn, Weigl Matthias ,   Universitätsklinikum der Universität Bonn
Published: December 2023

Background: Proactive involvement of patients in the design of safe care is a WHO-defined goal of the current decade. This paper investigated (a) which patient involvement activities and measures are implemented in German health care facilities for patient safety, and (b) which recommendations for action can be derived for our health care facilities. Aim and method: A literature and Internet search was conducted on institutional practices and organizational activities in Germany to improve patient safety with the involvement of patients. Interviews with five experts were conducted who advised our approach. An agenda for future research projects and first recommendations for clinical practice was formulated afterwards. Results: The evidence base on established measures to incorporate patient perspectives into the strategic promotion of patient safety in healthcare facilities in Germany is scarce and inconsistent. Patient surveys and the use of patient advocates are common. It remains unclear how patient councils as well as self-help groups have the potential to contribute to the promotion of patient safety in practice. Conclusions and agenda: An agenda is proposed. A more in-depth empirical survey and description of the situation in Germany, taking into account the experience of experts from clinical practice, is necessary to obtain a complete picture of the currently established measures for patient involvement, to uncover potential for realization and to define necessary framework conditions.
Rhetorics of Power and Dissent: Michelangelo and a 1000 Medici Manuscripts
Authors: O. Apostolski Dijana
Published: December 2023

The present study theorizes the ornamentation of the Laurentian Library’s vestibule as early modern architectural rhetoric and examines how architectural design constructed societal norms pertaining to articulation and eloquence, influence and power. I frame the Laurentian Library and its Medici manuscript collection as apparatuses that challenged and legitimized perceptions of the Medici’s constructed nobility and overbearing political identity. The study unfolds one manner in which early modern Florentine art production centralized around Medici patronage to glorify their lineage and the emerging Tuscan duchy.
Influence of Nose Cone Fairing and Spike on Supersonic Blunt Body Flows
Authors: Sarwar MD. G. , Kumar Priyank , Das Sudip
Published: December 2023

Experiments and computations were performed at Mach number 2.0 for various nose cone fairing bodies with a sharp spike and conical spike of [Formula: see text] and with a sharp spike having a fixed tip location of different [Formula: see text] ratios. Attempts were made to alter the flowfield of various nose cone fairing bodies with the adoption of the spike. Qualitative and quantitative measurement studies indicate the changes that support the reduction of drag forces, not only on hemispherical blunt bodies but also on various nose cone fairings. This drag reduction with the configurations tested in this study indicates the importance of the region between the spike and the blunt-body face. The results presented here justify the quality and quantity of recirculating flow and its implication for drag reduction.
Effects of Propellant Slosh on Touchdown Stability for Landing Vehicles
Authors: Roithmayr Carlos M. , Pei Jing
Published: December 2023

This paper aims to characterize the effect of propellant slosh using a multistep analytical method for the two-and-over and two-two-and-over passive landing modes. Each touchdown of a landing leg is modeled as an inelastic collision, which is analyzed using generalized impulses and generalized momenta. Simulation results establish conditions at which slosh improves or degrades touchdown stability compared to treating the system as a single rigid body. Because slosh is generally uncontrolled but bounded, this study establishes a rule of thumb for designers to use in adjusting the vehicle height or landing-leg footprint in order to maintain stability in the presence of slosh dynamics when operating close to the stability boundary.
Overview of Selected Serpentine Duct Simulations Using Computational Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Domel Neal D.
Published: December 2023

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used to perform simulations of multiple serpentine inlet ducts for comparison to experimental data. The simulations included two baseline duct geometries configured to match their respective wind tunnel tests. Each configuration was tested and simulated with and without flow control vanes. Some of the simulations included the geometric detail of the instrumentation probes at the aerodynamic interface plane. This paper highlights selected issues that impact robustness and accuracy. The topics include far-field boundary conditions and various methods of modeling the instrumentation probes. This paper summarizes discussion topics and recommendations for CFD practitioners preparing to simulate similar cases.
Powered Low-Speed Experimental Aerodynamic Investigation of an Over-Wing-Mounted Nacelle Configuration
Authors: Silva Vinícius T. , Lundbladh Anders , Xisto Carlos , Miltén Petter , Jonsson Isak
Published: December 2023

Over-wing integration of ultrahigh bypass turbofan engines can be a solution for next-generation commercial transport aircraft since it eliminates the ground clearance issue and it has the potential to reduce ground noise due to acoustic shielding. Moreover, a unique characteristic of this installation type is the powered lift benefit at low-speed flight conditions. This paper aims to experimentally investigate the effect of the engine power setting on the low-speed aerodynamic performance of an over-wing-mounted nacelle configuration comprising a conventional tube-and-wing layout. Thus, low-speed wind tunnel tests were performed for a half-span powered scale model of the aforementioned configuration. The effect of the engine power setting on the wing lift and spanwise pressure distributions was investigated. The experiments were carried out for angles of attack varying from 0 to 6° and inlet mass flow ratios up to 2.4. The results were used to validate computational fluid dynamics simulations conducted for the same wind tunnel conditions. It has been shown that a significant powered lift benefit can be achieved for the studied configuration, without a penalty in the net propulsive force and that the lift increases linearly with the inlet mass flow ratio. Furthermore, it was observed that the engine power setting largely influences the pressure distributions along the wing, especially at the spanwise sections closer to the nacelle. The low-momentum zone created upstream of the engine at high power settings reduces the pressure at the wing’s upper surface, which is the main factor responsible for the increased lift. By taking advantage of such behavior, drag can potentially be reduced at takeoff and climb due to a lower flap setting required for the same lift.
Parametric Influence on Rotating Detonation Combustion: Insights from Fast Reactive Euler Simulations
Authors: Klopsch Roman , Garan Niclas , Bach Eric , Oliver Paschereit Christian , Bohon Myles D.
Published: December 2023

A two-dimensional unsteady reactive Euler solver is employed to model rotating detonation combustion (RDC). A baseline case is chosen, and several combustor geometric and design parameters are varied individually in order to assess their effect on flowfield structure, exhaust flow properties, and performance. The parameters of interest are the perimeter and axial lengths of the combustor annulus, mass flux, outlet throat area, air injector throat area, and equivalence ratio. Quantification of the isentropically available work (IAW) in the exhaust flow is employed as a performance criterion. IAW is primarily affected by mass flux and outlet throat area through the effects of one-dimensional flow and, to a lesser degree, by perimeter and axial length through changes in the fraction of the flow that experiences irreversible shock processing. For all cases in the present study, this fraction appears to be solely determined by the ratio of detonation height to axial length. This ratio is also highly correlated to the angle of the oblique shock and the strength of the flow fluctuations. The predicted wave speed is between 90 and 95% of the Chapman–Jouguet velocity for a range of equivalence ratios between 0.6 and 1.4.
Assessment of Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes/Blade Element Theory Body Force Method for Propeller Modeling
Authors: Pantel Hugues , Falissard Fabrice , Dufour Guillaume
Published: December 2023

This work presents an actuator disk-like body force method designed for propeller modeling, which is based on a full coupling between computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and blade element theory (BET). An analysis is conducted on the model to identify best practices for source term distribution. It is found that the source term volume shape has no impact on propeller loads and flowfield and that the velocities used for the BET analysis at each radial section should be evaluated exactly where half the source terms have been distributed in the CFD domain. Four tip-loss corrections, including two from literature, are also analyzed and compared to lifting-line and Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) blade-resolved computations. The best practices and the most effective tip-loss correction lead to a final model that is compared to lifting-line, RANS, and unsteady RANS computations for different pitch angles and incidence angles, on the ONERA HAD-1 three-bladed light propeller. The RANS/BET body force model predicts thrust within 3% for axial flow and 8% for cases with incidence. The same accuracy is obtained for wake prediction.
Gelir Kavramına Getirilen Yeni Yorum Çerçevesinde Refah Ölçümü ve Türkiye ile OECD Ülkelerinin Karşılaştırması
Authors: SEZDİ Tolga
Published: December 2023

Küreselleşme ve teknolojideki hızlı değişim yaşam koşullarını önemli ölçüde değiştirmiştir. Refah ölçümünde yalnızca gelirin kullanılması yetersiz kalmıştır. Bu durum refah ölçüm kriterlerini belirlemeye yönelik çalışmaların yapılmasına neden olmuştur. Refah ölçümünde ekonomik değerlerin yanı sıra bazı sosyal değerlerin de yer aldığı yeni endeksler geliştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmalar içinde en kapsamlı olanı Ekonomik İşbirliği ve Kalkınma Örgütü (OECD)’nün refah ölçümü yapmak üzere geliştirdiği Daha İyi Yaşam Endeksi (DİYE) dir. DİYE, refah ölçümü ve karşılaştırması için çok boyutlu bir yaklaşıma sahiptir. Bu çalışmanın amacı; refah ve refahın ölçümünde geliştirilen yeni kriterler ve bunlar içinde yer alan gelir anlayışındaki değişimi Türkiye ve diğer OECD ülkeleri bazında incelemektir. Çalışmada DİYE’nin oluşturduğu 11 kriter çerçevesinde karşılaştırmalar yapılmıştır. Ayrıca gelir kriteri ve alt göstergesi olan hanehalkı harcanabilir gelir kriteri endekse dayalı olarak incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda refah ölçümünde ülkelerin harcanabilir geliri esas almalarının daha doğru olacağı belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada Türkiye ve diğer OECD ülkelerinde harcanabilir gelirin bir unsuru olan dolaysız vergiler ile refah arasındaki ilişkinin olduğu görülmektedir.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau’da Ekonomi-Politiğin Ana Hatları
Authors: KANATLI Mehmet
Published: December 2023

Modern dönem toplum sözleşmeci kuramcılar arasında yer alan Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778), geliştirmiş olduğu toplumsal kuramında birey, toplum ve devlet arasındaki ilişkilerin nasıl şekillendiğini ve ideal bir toplumsal düzenin nasıl oluşturulacağının teorik temellerini açıklamıştır. Eşitlik ve özgürlük Rousseau’nun kuramında birbirini tamamlayan iki tamamlayıcı nosyon olduğu için Rousseau adil bir vergilendirme sistemi ile yapay eşitsizliklerin hafifletilebileceğini ve ancak bu şekilde eşitlik ve özgürlüğün bir anlamının olabileceğini iddia etmektedir. Bu doğrultuda bu çalışmanın temel amacı Rousseau’nun ekonomi-politiğe dair fikirlerinin onun geliştirmiş olduğu birey-toplum-devlet formasyonun şekillenmesinde ne tür etkiye sahip olduğunu açıklamaktır. Makalede savlanan temel iddia; modern dönem cumhuriyetçi düşüncenin önemli figürleri arasında yer alan Rousseau’nun toplumsal özgürlük olarak formüle ettiği bireysel özgürlüklerin ancak Genel İrade’nin hem üretim hem de dağıtım aşamasında ekonomik alana müdahale etmesi ile mümkün olabileceğidir.
Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A: Implications for Heart Failure and Cardiovascular Risks in Women – A Review
Authors: Vihari Jonnalagadda , Juvvadi Kaushik Rao , Swain Brijeshraj , Sahu Samir , Sahoo Nalinikanta , Meher Meghanad , Jain Parshav , Islam Sadab , Bhuyan Tanmaya Brahmadarshini
Published: December 2023

Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A), is gaining interest as a possible biomarker and contributory factor to female cardiovascular health issues. This review article highlights the increasing amount of research connecting PAPP-A to heart failure and other cardiovascular concerns in females. PAPP-A levels have been found to be higher in women with heart failure and also been linked to the development and advancement of cardiovascular risks (atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease) in women. Improvements in risk assessment, early identification, and customized therapies for cardiovascular illnesses in women may be made possible by developments in this sector.
Machine learning in action: Revolutionizing intracranial hematoma detection and patient transport decision-making
Authors: El Refaee Ehab , Ali Taher M. , Al Menabbawy Ahmed , Elfiky Mahmoud , El Fiki Ahmed , Mashhour Shady , Harouni Ahmed
Published: December 2023

Objectives:

Traumatic intracranial hematomas represent a critical clinical situation where early detection and management are of utmost importance. Machine learning has been recently used in the detection of neuroradiological findings. Hence, it can be used in the detection of intracranial hematomas and furtherly initiate a management cascade of patient transfer, diagnostics, admission, and emergency intervention. We aim, here, to develop a diagnostic tool based on artificial intelligence to detect hematomas instantaneously, and automatically start a cascade of actions that support the management protocol depending on the early diagnosis.

Materials and Methods:

A plot was designed as a staged model: The first stage of initiating and training the machine with the provisional evaluation of its accuracy and the second stage of supervised use in a tertiary care hospital and a third stage of its generalization in primary and secondary care hospitals. Two datasets were used: CQ500, a public dataset, and our dataset collected retrospectively from our tertiary hospital.

Results:

A mean dice score of 0.83 was achieved on the validation set of CQ500. Moreover, the detection of intracranial hemorrhage was successful in 94% of cases for the CQ500 test set and 93% for our local institute cases. Poor detection was present in only 6–7% of the total test set. Moderate false-positive results were encountered in 18% and major false positives reached 5% for the total test set.

Conclusion:

The proposed approach for the early detection of acute intracranial hematomas provides a reliable outset for generating an automatically initiated management cascade in high-flow hospitals.
Sustainable Materials: Production Methods and End-of-life Strategies
Authors: Ghosh Arpa , Buser Remy , Héroguel Florent , Luterbacher Jeremy
Published: December 2023

All three natural polymers of biomass and the monomer platforms derived from them present multiple avenues to develop products from specialty to bulk markets, which could serve as entry points into the industry for bio based sustainable materials. However, several roadblocks still exist in the pathway of technology development of these materials due to challenges related to cost-competitiveness, scalability, performance and sustainability. This review outlines these major technical challenges as four key checkpoints (cost-competitive, scalability, sustainability, performance) to be addressed for successful market entry of a new sustainable material.
Enzymatic Synthesis of Furan-Based Copolymers: Material Characterization and Potential for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Sokołowska Martyna , Zarei Moein , El Fray Miroslawa
Published: December 2023

Background: Today's growing demand for advanced and sustainable polyester materials is driven by an increasing awareness of the environmental impact of traditional materials, emphasizing the need for eco-friendly alternatives. Sustainability has become central in materials development, including biomedical field, where biobased and environmentally friendly solutions are rapidly growing field. Objectives: This research aims to comprehensively evaluate new enzymatically catalyzed furan-based copolymer, poly(decamethylene furanoate)-co-(dilinoleic furanoate) (PDF-DLF), with a 70-30 wt% hard-to-soft segment ratio. The study explores its performance across medical applications, with a particular focus on its potential as nanofibrous scaffolding materials. Materials and Methods: PDF-DLF was synthesized from biobased monomers using Candida antarctica lipase B (CAL-B) as the biocatalyst. Material characterization included dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) to assess their mechanical behavior and thermal properties. Enzymatic degradation studies determined biodegradability while cytotoxicity tests established in vitro biocompatibility. The copolymer was electrospun into nanofibers, with SEM analyzing their morphology. Results: PDF-DLF displays mechanical and thermal properties indicating high storage modulus and two main temperature transitions. Enzymatic degradation studies and cytotoxicity assessments confirm biodegradability and in vitro biocompatibility. Successful electrospinning transforms the copolymer into nanofibers with diameters ranging from 500 to 700 nm. Conclusions: This study significantly advances sustainable polyesters with versatile processing capabilities. The successful electrospinning highlights its potential as a biodegradable scaffold for medical engineering, supported by biocompatibility and sufficient mechanical properties. It opens new opportunities for sustainable materials in critical biomedical industries, including tissue engineering.
CNCs and CeO2 as organic-inorganic additives to enhance HPC bio-polymer wood coatings against photochemical degradation
Authors: Moradienayat Monireh , Harandi Danial , Walsh-Korb Zarah
Published: December 2023

Wooden objects of cultural heritage are susceptible to photochemical deterioration when exposed to UV radiation in outdoor environments, which results in the loss of their beauty and historical value. There is increasing interest in the field of wood conservation in studying biopolymers and bio-nanocomposite materials that have better characteristics and more compatibility with the wood components, thus, are more likely to give positive long-term conservation outcomes. This article focuses on the preparation of organic-inorganic bio-nanocomposite thin film coatings from hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), nanocrystalline cellulose (CNCs), and cerium nanoparticles (CeO2) applied using solution blow spraying (SBSp) to protect wood surfaces outdoors. The uniform coating of nanocomposites and the thin film formation of this novel bio-nanocomposite on the wood surface were characterized by SEM imaging. The FTIR spectra of the films show that not only do CNCs improve the stability of HPC against UV radiation, but adding CeO2 nanoparticles further optimized the UV resistance of the bio-nanocomposites. ATR analysis of treated wood surfaces shows a decrease in the formation of hydroxyl groups due to photo-oxidation for both HPC/CNC treatments and the organic-inorganic bio-nanocomposite HPC/CNCs/CeO2 NPs. These results were also verified by colorimetric analysis. The UV-Vis spectra of the bio-nanocomposites showed that they absorb primarily in the UV-A and UV-B regions. Furthermore, the band gap was narrowed by adding CeO2 NPs to the HPC matrix, leading to enhanced UV resistance thin films.
Simplifying Access to Targeted Protein Degraders via Ni-Electrocatalytic Cross-Coupling
Authors: Neigenfind Philipp , Massaro Luca , Péter Áron , Degnan Andrew , Emmanuel Megan , Oderinde Martins , He Chi , Peters David , Ewing Tamara , Kawamata Yu , baran phil
Published: December 2023

C–C linked glutarimide-containing structures with direct utility in the preparation of cereblon-based degraders (PROTACs, CELMoDs) can be assessed in a single step from inexpensive, commercial -bromoglutaramide through a unique Brønsted-acid assisted Ni-electrocatalytic approach. The reaction tolerates a broad array of functional groups that are historically problematic and can be applied to the simplified synthesis of dozens of known compounds that have only been procured through laborious, wasteful, multistep sequences. The reaction is scalable in both batch and flow and features a trivial procedure wherein the most time-consuming aspect of reaction setup is weighing out the starting materials.
Implikatur Komentar Netizen dalam Cover Majalah Tempo Bergambar Jokowi di Sosial Media
Authors: Ismiyatin Laela , Prayitno Harun Joko
Published: December 2023

Implikatur bagian dari sebuah kajian pragmatik. Implikatur dapat diartikan sebuah ilmu yang mengkaji maksud yang terkandung dalam sebuah ujaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk-bentuk dan maksud implikatur dalam komentar netizen mengenai cover majalah tempo. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif berkaitan tentang mengumpulkan data untuk memberikan gambaran atau penegasan dalam suatu konsep atau gejala. Jenis data diambil dari transkrip dari komentar serta postingan netizen dalam sosial media yang berkenaan tentang cover majalah tempo yang bergambar Jokowi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa jenis-jenis tuturan yang diujarkan dalam komentar merupakan jenis  implikatur konvensional dan non konvensional. Implikatur konvensional yang diambil menggunakan langsung dari makna kata dalam tuturan, sedangkan implikatur non konvensional merupakan implikatur yang didapatkan dari maksim percakapan yang langsung kepada mitra tutur. Tuturan yang diambil dari berbagai sosial media memiliki wujud pro dan kontra. Tuturan pro berkaitan dengan tuturan dukungan atas cover majalah tempo yang sudah beredar dan menjadi kontroversi, sedangkan tuturan kontra merupakan sebuah tuturan yang menentang adanya cover majalah tempo yang bergambar Jokowi.
Tindak Tutur Perlokusi dalam Novel Tentang Kamu Karya Tere Liye
Authors: Simarmata Mai Yuliastri , Agustina Rini
Published: December 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan tindak tutur perlokusi verbal dan nonverbal yang terdapat dalam novel Tentang Kamu karya Tere Liye. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini metode penelitian deskriptif. Metode ini digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan kata-kata tentang tindak tutur perlokusi yang terdapat dalam novel. Subjek penelitian ini adalah novel Tentang Kamu Karya Tere Liye. Sedangkan teknik yang digunakan adalah teknik catat, teknik ini untuk melihat munculnya tuturan para tokoh terutama yang melibatkan tokoh utama dalam novel. Adapun langkah- Langkah yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah membaca dengan teliti setiap percakapan yang terjadi di dalam novel Tentang Kamu, menandai, dan mencatat tindak tutur yang terdapat dalam novel tersebut, mengelompokkan tindak tutur yang ditemukan berdasarkan lokusi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis pragmatik. Hasil penelitian ini ditemukan tuturan perlokusi verbal yaitu, menyangkal, melarang, tidak mengizinkan, meminta maaf, dan bunyi dejakan mulut. Sedangkan tuturan perlokusi nonverbal yaitu mengangguk, menggeleng, tertawa, dan senyuman.
La comunicación en Paulo Freire y la alfabetización mediática:
Authors: Andrelo Roseane
Published: December 2023

El propósito de este artículo es contribuir a la creación de bases epistemológicas que vinculan conceptos de Paulo Freire con la alfabetización mediática. Desde una mirada específica, se busca plantear relaciones entre las ideas de comunicación como diálogo, leyendo el mundo como precedente de la palabra y el objeto como mediador de la comunicación y las nociones de representación, audiência, lenguaje y producción que constituyen el fundamento conceptual de media literacy, en adelante denominada de alfabetización mediática. En la trayectoria metodológica de esta investigación se utilizó la investigación bibliográfica y observación de prácticas del profesorado con la posterior triangulación de datos.