bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deviations of exterior characters from breedingDeviations of exterior characters from breeding standards of chicken – part II: miniature and ornamental breeds standards of chicken – part II: miniature and ornamental breeds
Authors: Zigo František , Baranová Ivana , Lacková Zuzana , Halás Šimon , Farkašová Zuzana , Arvaiová Juliana , F Rehan Ibrahim
Published: April 2023

The work is aimed at evaluating exterior features, advantages and shortcomings in comparison with breeding standards in 5 breeds of ornamental and diminutive poultry. A total of 296 individuals of the Brahma Bantam (BB), Silkie Chicken (SE), Pekin Bantam (PB), Orpington Bantam (OP) and Sultan Chicken (SL) breeds, were evaluated at 9 exhibitions in 5 positions according to a valid Standards. Most exterior deficiencies were recorded in the top three positions. In the first position – Breeding and sexual expression, the most common mistakes were lower weight (BB 34.5 %, and SL 26.5 %), too long torso (BB 37.1 %, and OB 31.3 %) as well as higher weight in SE (34.1 %). In the second position – Head, the most shortcomings were noted in the BB, and SE breeds, these were mainly non-standard feathering of the facial part in BB (30.2 %), non-standard shape of the comb in BB (25.9 %), and SE (19.3 %) as well as the overall formation of the head in the SE (23.9 %). In the third position - Body shape, deficiencies were noted in OB (31.3 %), PB (26.9 %), and the most deficiencies in tail plumage were in OB (23.7 %), and SE (22.7 %) as well as atypical torso shape in BB (24.1 %) and SE (22.7 %). Within these three positions, individuals with knockout defects also appeared, but this was only an isolated occurrence. In the fourth position - Feathers, it was mainly an uneven distribution of colour on the flight feathers at SE (17.1 %), and OB (21.9 %) and sparse plumage at PB (15.4 %), OB (15.6 %), and SL (14.7 %). For the fifth position - Readiness for the exhibition, care of the breeder, it was a lack of preparation and dirty feathers at BB (1.7 %) and SL (5.2 %). The most serious deficiencies of the breed traits were found in 1st and 3rd position, which has a major impact on their further breeding value or culling. As part of the selection of the most suitable representatives of the breed with an assessment of their exterior at exhibitions, it is possible to create a breeding with the highest quality exterior signs with the appropriate performance. The data obtained from poultry valuation cards show that the assessment of poultry is one of the important criteria for their introduction into the holding and further reproduction in order to eliminate individuals with morphological deviations from the breeding standard, who can pass on these defects to future generations.
Antidiabetogenic action of jamun syzygium cumini skeels: a review
Authors: Jagetia Ganesh Chandra
Published: April 2023

This review delineates the utility of Jamun, Syzygium cumini in the treatment of diabetes and hyperlipidemia. The has been written by making thorough internet search on google scholar, PubMed, SciFinder, Science direct and many other websites. Diabetes is a common disorder inflicting children and adults equally. Diabetes mellitus is mainly of two types insulin dependent (IDDM-Type I) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM, Type II). The Type I diabetes is more common in children, whereas the Type II diabetes highly prevalent inflicting adults more. Jamun or Syzygium cumini belongs to family Myrtaceae and bears sweet fruits that are eaten as such or used to prepare juice, jam, and cookies. Jamun is considered as a Hoy tree which grows in India, Bangladesh Ceylon, Myanmar and Pakistan and is used in traditional medicine to treat diabetes. Jamun contains cardiac glycosides, anthraquinones, catechins, alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, steroids, phenols, tannins, and saponins. In Ayurveda, Jamun has been used for the treatment of diabetes since ancient times. Numerous preclinical and clinical investigations have validated the use of Jamun as an effective treatment regimen against diabetes. Jamun inhibits different free radicals and increases phase-I enzymes and reduces lipid peroxidation. It also activates PPARα, PPARγ, and AKT, and alleviates the expression of ACC1, Foxo-1, PGC1α, Scid 1, SREPB1c, endoplasmic reticulum protein retention receptor (KEDL), and GPR98 and causes depletion in activities of glucose 6-phosphataseadenosine deaminase, 5'-nucleotidase, phosphorenolpyruvate carboxykinase, and fatty acid synthase at the molecular level that may be responsible to cure diabetic condition.
Role of creatine and creatine precursors supplementation on cardiovascular system physiology and pathophysiology
Authors: Marco Machado Marco Machado
Published: April 2023

This essay aims to show the state of the art in the use of creatine supplementation and precursors in the physiology and pathophysiology of the cardiovascular system. Also, show the prospects and plausibility of using the aforementioned supplements to prevent and improve the prognosis of heart disease patients.
Hyperhomocysteinemia acts via DNA-hypomethylation to induce atherosclerosis
Authors: Cacciapuoti Federico
Published: April 2023

Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis responsible for chronic and acute cardiovascular events, such as myocardial infarction, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease. The aim of this review is to evaluate the mechanisms through which increased homocysteine (Hcy) ​​levels cause atherosclerotic events. It is knonw that the amino-acid Hcy, through the trans-methylation pathway, results in S-adenosyl-methionine (SAM). In turn, SAM transfers a methyl group (-CH3) to some substrates, such as DNA, turning in S-Adenosyl-Homocysteine (SAH). But, this compound is able to inhibit DNA methyltransferase (DNT), that is the enzyme responsible for DNA methylation. The consequent DNA hypomethylation favors the Cyclin A inhibition, responsible for the atherosclerotic findings. Thus, DNA hypomethylation is a risk factor for atherosclerosis rather than HHcy, that is a simple indicator of this complication. Concordantly, several reports and large trials indicate that folate (vit. B-9) and B-6-12 vitamins supplementation, even lowers HHcy levels, did not reduce the incidence of atherosclerosis. But, that can be antagonized by the product of Hcy-transsulfuration, as H2S. Conclusively, the contemporary administration of H2S + folic acid (that antagonizes HHcy) should reduce both high Hcy serum levels and cardiovascular acute events.
A review of contagious Coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) their clinical features, diagnosis, preventions and treatment
Authors: Meena Mukesh , Swapnil Prashant
Published: April 2023

Objectives: This review is focused on recent studies of the global threat caused by novel coronavirus. The aim of this study is to understand the origin of the virus, its classification, morphology, genetic structure and mode of infection mechanism with the view towards using this information to develop a cure or for prevention. Methodology: In Wuhan, China, novel coronavirus pneumonia (SARS-CoV-2) originated and caused a global threat from late December 2019 which afterwards was termed as COVID-19 illness. The genome sequence of this novel coronavirus was found to be very similar with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle-East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and assigned to betacoronavirus. This novel coronavirus affects the respiratory system of human beings as pneumonia. Results: Due to this novel coronavirus, WHO declared this a global threat and termed it COVID-19. This coronavirus causes severe health issues in people after direct contact. This disease is more severe for people who are suffering from some previous health issues. To cope with this disease some clinical characterisations are being processed to synthesize significant vaccines and antiviral drugs with the combination of different effective drugs. Therefore, it has been suggested that until a medicine is discovered people have to be careful to prevent this infection from spreading. Conclusions: Overall, this study is about the pandemic situation of COVID-19. To prepare any vaccine or medicine we have to study the morphology, genetic structure and its infection mechanism. COVID-19 is more dangerous than previous respiratory viruses. Until a medical or scientific team can synthesize a vaccine, we should follow the guidelines given by WHO to limit spread of the coronavirus from person to person.
Effect of malnutrition on immediate outcome of childhood bacterial meningitis: a hospital based prospective cohort study in Bangladesh
Authors: Maniruzzaman Md , Md Mohsin Faroque , Nesa Maherun , Chakroborty Anindita , Zaman Sanjana , Sayed El Hadidy Shimaa Hassan , Murtaza Ahmed , Khaleque Mohammad Abdul
Published: April 2023

Acute bacterial meningitis is an important serious illness worldwide and causing mortality and morbidity in children. In developed countries, only 5% of patients die and 15-20% develop sequel whereas in underdeveloped countries 12-50% of patients die and 25-50% of patients develop sequel. Malnutrition can make a person more susceptible to infection, and infection also contributes to malnutrition, which causes a vicious cycle. A hospital based prospective cohort study was conducted in the Pediatrics department of Mymensingh Medical College & Hospital from February 2012 to February 2013 to compare immediate outcome of bacterial meningitis: in malnourished and well nourished children. Thirty (30) cases of well-nourished and 30 malnourished were enrolled by using purposive sampling. Fever, convulsion, bulged fontanel, abnormal behavior, headache and respiratory symptoms were presenting complaints in both groups and convulsion was significantly more in malnourished group. In Malnourished group, GCS on admission was <13 in majority whereas among well-nourished group it was 13-15. CSF findings were similar. Most of the exposed children were anaemic. Total 12(20%) children died, 14(23%) developed major sequel, 10(17%) patients developed minor sequel. Relative risk of death was 5 fold followed by major sequel 6 fold and minor sequel 4 fold in malnourished group. Hospital stay was more in malnourished group. This study reveals that acute bacterial meningitis occurred in all ages from 1 to 12years child of both sexes and more in under five age group and in males. Fever, convulsion and sign of meningeal irritation were prominent clinical features. This study concludes that death, major and minor neurological sequel were more common in malnourished children and young age, male sex, anaemia, weight for age Z score <-2SD/ BMI <3rd percentile, GCS< 13 were the bad prognostic factors.
Colostrum feeding status in a selected rural area of Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Mohammad Shahinoor , Kaiser Rubana
Published: April 2023

Background: Colostrums feeding status was still poor in Bangladesh due to ignorance of family members. Thereafter growth faltering is a commonly observed phenomenon in developing countries after about 3months of age. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess colostrums feeding status in selected rural area. Methods: It was a cross sectional observational study. A total of 400subjects were estimated and mothers having child aged between 0-6months of age were included in the study purposively. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect data. Results: The mean (±SD) age of the respondents was 24.4years. Majority (63%) of the mothers had given colostrums to their child and 37% refused it. About 66.1% mothers whose had first baby practiced colostrums more than being second time mother also had statistically significant association (p<0.05). Majority 69.4% of mothers took health care services from public hospital given colostrums more than the mothers taken from private hospital and 73.7% non Muslims mothers practiced colostrums. Those variables had an association with colostrums feeding (p<0.05). Conclusion: Tradition with cultural belief among mothers and elder family members has an impact on colostrums feeding as well as maintenance of optimal breastfeeding practices.
Nipple adenoma: case report
Authors: Merrouni Meryem Alami , Idrissi Majda Bendahhou , Saoud Mohamed Karam , Mamouni Nisrine , Errarhay Sanaa , Bouchikhi Chahrazed , Banani Abdelaziz
Published: April 2023

Nipple adenoma is a very uncommon, benign neoplasm that involves the nipple. A palpable mass of the nipple associated with nipple discharge and erosion or ulceration is the common clinical presentation.1 This rare benign tumor can be mistaken for breast carcinoma, Paget's disease, or galactophoric ectasia.2 This case report describes a 35-year-old woman with a painful nipple lesion and serous discharge. Clinical examination revealed a hypertrophied left nipple with a well-defined, firm, bluish nodule. Biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of nipple adenoma. The patient underwent surgical excision and reconstruction of the nipple. Histological examination revealed simple florid ductal hyperplasia and no malignancy. Erosive nipple adenomatosis is a rare condition that should be considered in the presence of nipple erosion or tumor. Diagnosis is anatomo-pathological, and treatment is usually surgical. The prognosis is excellent.
Pemerintah, Civil Society, dan Akomodasi Media dalam Polemik Pemindahan dan Pembentukan Ibu Kota Negara Baru
Authors: Muttaqin Zaenal , Muslimah Fauziah , Bakti Andi M. Faisal , Razak Yusron
Published: April 2023

This article aims to examine the strategy of the Joko Widodo’s Government in the policy of moving and establishing a new National Capital (IKN), the responses shown by civil society, and the role of the media in bridging the government's political communications. Using a qualitative approach with descriptive data analysis, the article outlines how the three subjects, the government, civil society groups and the media, carry-out their roles regarding the IKN. Utilizing Media and Civil Society Theory, the research analysis is focused on IKN news content in selected mass media. In addition, the research analyzes this topic from the perspective of scientific integration of da'wa communication. Research results show that the Jokowi’s government has built political communication by expanding coalitions in parliament as well as using internal media as an effective strategy in gaining support for the policy of moving and opening IKN. The article also notesthat the voice of the Civil Society group, which considered that the transfer of the IKN did not have social and political urgency, was not adequately accommodated. Finally, the research finds the vulnerability of media independence referring to accommodative tendencies of the media in reporting information on the birth of transfer policies and the establishment of the new capital.
Fluxos migratórios para a Arábia Saudita
Authors: Seadi Pereira Catharina , Honório Horn Thais
Published: April 2023

O presente artigo visa explorar a relação entre os fluxos migratórios com destino à Arábia Saudita e a economia do petróleo, da qual o país é profundamente dependente. Para isso, este trabalho analisa brevemente argumentações de alguns estudiosos clássicos da sociologia, como Malthus e Weber, e de alguns autores da economia neoclássica – trazidas por Sasaki e Assis (2000). Os esforços sumarizadores de D. B. Grigg (1977) acerca dos escritos de E. G. Ravenstein são abordados, também. Por último, a pesquisa faz uso das teorias migratórias apresentadas por Boswell (2002) que, complementando os argumentos anteriores, são utilizados para analisar dados oficiais da Organização Internacional para Migrações, por exemplo. Para atingir seu objetivo, é explorada a relação do Estado em questão com a exploração petrolífera e a relação que estes dois fatores têm com o trabalho de migrantes, sendo esta lógica inserida dentro do referencial teórico selecionado. Dessa forma, corrobora-se a hipótese estabelecida ao concluir que, em que pese mais pesquisas precisam ser realizadas, a relação existente entre os dois objetos de pesquisa é de lógica causal: os altos fluxos migratórios com destino à Arábia Saudita ocorrem em função do sucesso da indústria petrolífera no país.
Análise da temática migratória no contexto de integração regional dos países do Mercosul
Authors: Todeschini Caroline
Published: April 2023

O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi analisar se o Mercosul (Mercado Comum do Sul), enquanto iniciativa de integração regional na América do Sul, tem contemplado questões migratórias desde sua criação, em 1991, ou se prioriza a mobilidade de capitais e de bens e serviços. O presente estudo tem caráter qualitativo e descritivo e utiliza-se fundamentalmente do método bibliográfico, sendo a revisão teórica referente à questão migratória na teoria econômica e os resultados pautados na análise de protocolos, acordos e tratados do Mercosul. Conforme os documentos analisados, nas primeiras fases desde a criação do bloco, os temas relacionados a pessoas estiveram majoritariamente vinculados à educação, apenas recentemente dando maior ênfase a questões migratórias. Trinta anos após sua criação, os países do Mercosul ainda não conseguiram realizar plenamente o que se propuseram de início, que era fazer do bloco um mercado comum. Apesar das recentes iniciativas para resolução de problemas dentro da temática migratória, os resultados apontam que o Mercosul ainda carece de maior integração e sincronia ante a política de migração de seus países, buscando medidas inovadoras e não apenas reativas aos acontecimentos.
How COVID-19 Pandemic affects Software Developers’ Wellbeing, and the New Trends in Soft Skills in Working from Home
Authors: Juárez-Ramírez Reyes , Navarro-Cota Christian , Licea Guillermo , Jiménez Samantha , Tapia-Ibarra Verónica , Guerra García César Arturo , Perez-Gonzalez Hector Gerardo
Published: April 2023

The coronavirus COVID-19 swept the world in early 2020, working from home was a necessity. In the software industry, thousands of software developers began working from home, many did so on short notice, under difficult and stressful conditions. The emotions of developers can be affected by this situation. On the other hand, some well-known soft skills have been emphasized as required for working remotely. Software engineering research lacks theory and methodologies for addressing human aspects in software development. In this paper, we present an exploratory study focused on the developers’ wellbeing during pandemic, expressed as emotions, and the perceptions of the level in which soft skills are practiced/required in the working from home mode. The results show that high percent expressed to experience positive emotions, however, a portion of respondents expressed to feel negative emotions. In the case of soft skills, some of them are revealed as practiced in high level in working from home, but still there is not consensus.
Analisis Upaya Pematahan Dormansi Biji Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) dengan Pelukaan dan Perendaman Air Kelapa
Authors: Fransiska Widya , Sujarwati Sujarwati
Published: April 2023

Andaliman fruit is a typical food source for the Batak tribe and is usually used as a cooking spice under the name "Batak pepper". The fruit used as a spice in cooking is young fruit. This study aims to determine the effect of seed selection by injury on andaliman seed germination, determine the effect of concentration and duration of soaking seeds in coconut water on andaliman seed germination. This study used a Factorial Completely Randomized Design (RALF) with two factors. The fisrt factor is the concentration of coconut water 0%, 50%, 100%. The second factor is the length of immersion time of 12 hours and 24 hours. Parameters observed were germination percentage, vigor index, seed germination time. The results of this study showed that seed selection by wounding and soaking coconut water could not break the dormancy of andaliman seeds. No seeds germinated until 45 DAP. Seed conditions at 45 DAP were 76-88% whole seeds, 4-16% slimy seeds and 4-16% moldy seeds
Model Matematika dan Simulasi Penyebaran Perokok Dalam Suatu Populasi Menggunakan Matlab
Authors: Al Maududi Roni , Putri Z Rini Widia , Hartuti Purni Munah
Published: April 2023

One of the social problems that is still controversial is smoking. This is closely related to public health, because smokers have a great risk of spreading disease either directly to smokers themselves or indirectly to other people who do not smoke but are in the same environment or population as smokers, such as cancer, heart disease. , caries, and others caused by the substance content of the smoked cigarettes. The more smokers in a population, the greater the chance of increasing the number of smokers in that population, which directly or indirectly means increasing the spread of the diseases that have been mentioned. The purpose of this research is to construct a mathematical model and simulate the distribution of smokers in a certain population using Matlab. The variables that make up the Mathematical model are divided into 3 classes, namely prospective smokers (), regular smokers (), and ex-smokers (). The method used in this research is the method of literature study and literature related to research and simulation using Matlab. At the end of the study, the value of the basic reproduction number () will be analyzed to determine the dynamics that occur in the population and the simulation results of the mathematical model formed. The results of this study are a depiction of how much influence the presence of smokers has in a population by looking at the parameters that affect changes in the value significantly.
Analisis Pengaruh Variabel Moneter Terhadap Perkembangan Ekonomi Negara ASEAN
Authors: Yollanda Mutia , Ul Hasanah Fitri Rahmah
Published: April 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of inflation and exchange rates on ASEAN countries' gross domestic product (GDP). The data used is secondary data accessed through the world bank from 2019 to 2021, which consists of 30 data. The independent variables used in this data are exchange rates and inflation, while the dependent variable used is gross domestic product (GDP). The panel data regression used in this study includes the common effect model, the fixed effect model and the random effect model. Based on the Chow and Hausman tests conducted, the best model in this study was the random effect model (REM). The best equation in this research is given by the equation . his study uses robustness because the normality test on the classical assumption is not fulfilled. Based on the test results, the USD exchange rate and inflation variables have a significant effect on the GDP variable. While the inflation variable has no significant effect on the GDP variable.
Aplikasi Pemakaian Gedung Pendopo dan Peminjaman Peralatan Pada Bagian Umum Kantor Walikota Dumai Berbasis Web
Authors: Sofiyan Amat , Kohar Abdul , Wahyuni Deasy , Azkiya Ahmedika
Published: April 2023

Providing excellent public services is the goal of every local government. The Dumai City Government is currently competing to implement and take advantage of advances in information technology to help create effective public services. With the lack of efficiency in borrowing the pavilion building and equipment in the general section of the Dumai Mayor's office, still using letter requests is the cause of this problem. Therefore, making this web-based application called the application for the use of the Pendopo Building and borrowing equipment at the general part of the Dumai Mayor's office was carried out as an effort to overcome this problem. This application development is based on PHP programming. This application provides various kinds of facilities for borrowing the building and the equipment that is therein.
Semiaquatic bugs (Insecta, Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Gerromorpha) from Parque Natural Municipal das Andorinhas, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais state, Brazil
Authors: Lisboa Vieira Machado Gustavo , Martins Magalhães Oséias , Alves Carneiro Marco Antonio , Moreira Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo
Published: April 2023

We present a survey of the semiaquatic bugs (Insecta, Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Gerromorpha) from Parque Natural Municipal das Andorinhas, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais State, southeastern Brazil. Thirteen species are recorded from the area based on regular collection events, namely Brachymetra albinervus (Amyot & Serville, 1843); Cylindrostethus palmaris Drake & Harris, 1934; Halobatopsis delectus Drake & Harris, 1941; Ha. platensis (Berg, 1879); Metrobates plaumanni genikos Nieser, 1993; Neogerris kontos Nieser, 1994 (Gerridae); Hydrometra fruhstorferi Hungerford & Evans, 1934 (Hydrometridae); Platyvelia brachialis (Stål, 1860); Rhagovelia macta Drake & Carvalho, 1955; R. robusta Gould, 1931; R. sbolos Nieser & Melo, 1997; R. triangula Drake, 1953; and R. trianguloides Nieser & Melo, 1997 (Veliidae).
Adverse cardiovascular events in patients with coronary microvascular dysfunction: results of a 12-month follow-up with a control group
Authors: Kopyeva K. V. , Maltseva A. N. , Mochula A. V. , Grakova E. V. , Zavadovsky K. V.
Published: April 2023

Aim. To assess the development of adverse cardiovascular events in patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) and coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD), identified by dynamic myocardial single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), during 12-month follow-up compared with patients without CMD.

Material and methods. The study included 118 patients (70 men, mean age, 62,0 [58,0; 69,0] years) with preserved ejection fraction (62 [59; 64] %) and non-obstructive CAD. Serum levels of the N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide were assessed at baseline by enzyme immunoassay. Coronary flow reserve (CFR) was assessed by dynamic SPECT. CFR ≤2 was a CMD marker.

Results. Six patients discontinued participation in the study due to loss of contact with them, while the rest were divided into groups depending on CMD presence: group 1 included patients with CMD (CFR ≤2; n=42), and group 2 was the control group and included patients without CMD (CFR >2; n=70). Within 12-month follow-up, 25 patients reported adverse events. According to Kaplan-Meier analysis, the prevalence of adverse cardiovascular events was higher in patients with CMD (45,2%, n=19) than in patients without it (8,6%, n=6) (p<0,001). Multivariate regression analysis showed that the presence of CMD (odds ratio (OR), 2,42; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1,26-5,85; p<0,001) and diastolic dysfunction (OR, 3,27; 95% CI, 2,26-5,64; p<0,001) were independent predictors of poor outcomes. The combination of CMD with diastolic dysfunction more than 5 times increased the risk of adverse events (OR, 5,18; 95% CI, 3,61-11,84; p<0,001).

Conclusion. We found that in patients with non-obstructive CAD, the presence of CMD, identified by dynamic myocardial SPECT, was associated with a higher risk of adverse cardiovascular events within 12-month follow-up period than in patients without CMD. At the same time, the combination of CMD with diastolic dysfunction more than 5 times increased the risk of adverse outcomes.
Risk of heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes receiving insulin therapy: a meta-analysis of observational studies
Authors: Mironova S. V. , Koziolova N. A. , Ulybina E. V.
Published: April 2023

Aim. To compare the effect of insulin therapy and oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) on the risk of heart failure (HF) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) using different databases.

Material and methods. The systematic review and meta-analysis were carried out in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The analysis included studies that compared the risk of HF in T2D patients, depending on the OHA therapy in the presence of a group of patients receiving insulin therapy. The inclusion criteria were a duration of treatment of at least two years with at least 1000 included patients. The analysis did not include studies that compared the types and regimens of insulin therapy without a control group (antidiabetic drugs), which included patients with acute complications of type 2 diabetes and unstable conditions associated with comorbidities, in which no clinical outcomes were reported. Search was conducted in August 2022 using several databases (PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) at the Cochrane Library, Elibrary) using the following keywords: heart failure development, 2 type diabetes mellitus, insulin.

Results. Of the 1085 publications found in the search, 5 retrospective observational cohort clinical trials, including a total of 179777 patients with a mean duration of treatment of 67,2 months, met all criteria and were included in the analysis. Statistical analysis of the relative risk (RR) of HF in T2D patients receiving insulin therapy revealed a RR increase in all studies with a total RR using fixed effects model of 2,598 (95% confidence interval (CI), 2,346-2,878; p<0,001), while using the random effects model — 2,382 (95% CI, 1,565-3,626; p<0,001). When checking the statistical heterogeneity of the studies, a high heterogeneity was revealed (I2=93,8%).

Conclusion. Meta-analysis of 5 retrospective observational studies including 179777 patients with T2D with a mean duration of treatment of 67,2 months showed that insulin therapy (without insulin glargine and degludec) in comparison with OHAs (without sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide type 1 receptor agonists) significantly increased the RR for HF using a fixed effects model by 2,6 times, while using the random effects model — by 2,4 times (p<0,001 for both).
The role of sleep-related breathing disorders in patients with heart failure. Review of the article
Authors: Agaltsov M. V.
Published: April 2023

Review of the article Medvedeva E. A., Korostovtseva L. S., Bochkarev M. V., Sazonova Yu. V., Sviryaev Yu. V. Clinical and prognostic role of sleep-related breathing disorders in patients with heart failure depending on body mass index. Russian Journal of Cardiology. 2023;28(3):5263. doi:10.15829/1560-4071-2023-5263. EDN LWBNSN
Tendência temporal de procedimentos audiológicos no Sistema Único de Saúde
Authors: Fonsêca Rodrigo Oliveira da , Dutra Monique Ramos Paschoal , Cavalcanti Hannalice , Telles Maurício Wiering Pinto , Ferreira Maria Ângela Fernandes
Published: April 2023

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar a tendência temporal de procedimentos audiológicos no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), entre 2008 e 2019, nas regiões geográficas brasileiras. Métodos: estudo ecológico de série temporal, com dados de procedimentos audiológicos do Sistema de Informações Ambulatoriais do SUS. Foram calculadas taxas anuais de procedimentos audiológicos, utilizando-se a regressão Joinpoint para análise de tendência. Calculou-se a evolução da oferta destes procedimentos entre os anos inicial e final da série e a distribuição dos registros identificados. Resultados: foram localizados 38.500.404 registros no período investigado. Verificou-se que as regiões Sul (178,84/10.000 habitantes) e Norte (130,97/10.000 habitantes) apresentaram a maior e a menor taxa média de procedimentos, respectivamente. Ambas foram as únicas regiões que exibiram tendências de aumento significativo na realização dos procedimentos. No Brasil, a oferta dos procedimentos demonstrou uma evolução positiva de 56,91%, com destaque para crescimento de “emissões otoacústicas evocadas para triagem auditiva (teste da orelhinha)” e queda de “audiometria de reforço visual (via aérea/óssea)”. Na distribuição, houve concentração de procedimentos da avaliação audiológica básica. Conclusão: a realização de procedimentos audiológicos no SUS revela aumento, mas evidencia discrepâncias nas regiões geográficas brasileiras e nos procedimentos executados.
Stocks of elements in radicular biomasses in different coverages in the cerrado of tocantins, Brazil
Authors: Lima Dayane de S. , Piscoya Victor C. , Cunha Filho Moacyr , Fernandes Milton M. , Gomes Filho Raimundo R. , Araújo Filho Renisson N. de
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT Root biomass plays a vital role in nutrient cycling for the maintenance and functioning of different ecosystems. In this context, this study aimed to determine the stocks of elements in root biomass under different covers in the Cerrado of Tocantins, Brazil. The research was conducted in different vegetal coverings: agriculture, pasture, Eucalyptus sp., and native Cerrado forest. Root biomass was collected in six trenches, 70 x 70 cm, and a depth of 50 cm through sieving. Macro and microelement stocks were determined in root biomass. Macros and microelements showed higher average values for the native forest. With the change in vegetation cover, N, P, and S were higher in agriculture, with stocks of 1.82 Mg ha-1, 1.83 Mg ha-1, and 9.6 Mg ha-1. In a planted forest of Eucalyptus sp., macroelements K, Ca, and Mg were higher, with stock values of 16.06 Mg ha-1, 25.91 Mg ha-1, and 5.02 Mg ha-1, and microelements, B, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn with values of 0.05 Mg ha-1, 0.04 Mg ha-1, 5 Mg ha-1, 0.7 Mg ha-1, and 0.08 Mg ha-1 in root biomass, respectively. Thus, the planted forest of Eucalyptus sp. promoted greater stocks and cycling of elements, with greater stability of the organic material.
Soil organic matter in biogenic, intermediate and physicogenic aggregates under agroecological management
Authors: Rossi Celeste Q. , Pinto Luiz A. da S. R. , Moura Octávio V. T. de , Loss Arcangelo , Pereira Marcos G.
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT Agroecological management can favor the improvement of soil attributes, especially soil organic matter (SOM) and soil aggregation. The objective of the study was to quantify the carbon contents of the humic and oxidizable fractions of SOM of aggregates from different origins from agroecological management systems. Five experimental areas located in the Integrated Agroecological Production System were evaluated: AFS – Agroforestry System; C-SUN – Coffee in full sun; C-SHA – Shaded coffee; AL-FLE – Cultivation in alleys of Flemingia macrophylla with green beans; and NT – No-tillage. The aggregates were separated, identified, and classified as to their origin or formation pathways into biogenic, intermediate, and physicogenic. The carbon contents of the humic fractions fulvic acid (C-FAF), humic acid (C-HAF) and humin (C-HUMF); and oxidizable fractions (F1 and F2, labile; and F3 and F4, recalcitrant) of SOM were determined. The greatest variations in the carbon values of the humic fractions were observed in the aggregates of the AFS, C-SUN and C-SHA systems. In relation to C-HUMF, the highest contents of this fraction were quantified in the biogenic and intermediate aggregates of the C-SUN, C-SHA and AL-FLE systems. The carbon contents of the oxidizable fractions of SOM showed variability between the management systems, mainly for the F1, F2 and F3 fractions in the aggregates under C-SUN and C-SHA. The C-SUN system showed a higher proportion of more humified and recalcitrant fractions of SOM when compared to the C-SHA system. The management practices maids in the agroecological systems of C-SHA, C-SUN and AFS promoted improvements in soil quality.
A New Spatial Model for Ecological Suitability Assessment of Irrigated Farming in Jahrom County, Iran
Authors: Jokar Parviz , Masoudi Masoud , Pradhan Biswajeet
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT Agricultural suitability assessment is a process that requires spatial data, geo-information tools, and the expertise of a computer scientist to analyze the information. The main objective of this paper is to propose a new model (based on Iranian ecological model and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) model) for ecological suitability evaluation with geometric mean evaluation and calibration methods for better planning management of irrigated lands. Next, to verify and compare the proposed method with other well-known existing, methods such as, Boolean logic and MCE (WLC) models were used. For testing these models, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was used. Findings of this research showed that the proposed model by geo-mean and calibration (kappa=0.79) is the best among used methods. On the contrary, arithmetic mean method showed the lowest accuracy (kappa=0). So, these methods (geometric mean evaluation and calibration) have high flexibility in locating agricultural lands. Overall, this study can be used as a basic framework to evaluate ecological suitability for other regions with similar conditions because of its simplicity and high precision.
Geometria orofaríngea e parâmetros acústicos vocais de indivíduos hígidos e com doença de Parkinson
Authors: Silva Joice Maely Souza da , Gomes Adriana de Oliveira Camargo , Coriolano Maria das Graças Wanderley de Sales , Teixeira Julianne Pitanga , Lima Hellen Vasconcelos Silva Leal de , Paulino Clarissa Evelyn Bandeira , Silva Hilton Justino da , Lira Zulina Souza de
Published: April 2023

RESUMO Objetivo verificar se existem diferenças nas medidas acústicas e da geometria orofaríngea entre indivíduos hígidos e pessoas com Doença de Parkinson, segundo a idade e sexo e investigar se há correlações entre as medidas geométricas orofaríngeas nessa população. Método participaram 40 indivíduos, sendo 20 com diagnóstico de Doença de Parkinson e 20 indivíduos hígidos, pareados por faixa etária, sexo e índice de massa corporal. As variáveis acústicas estudadas foram frequência fundamental, jitter, shimmer, glottal-to-noise excitation ratio, ruído e média da intensidade. As variáveis geométricas da orofaringe foram aferidas por faringometria acústica. Resultados as variáveis geométricas foram menores no grupo com Doença de Parkinson e os idosos com Doença de Parkinson apresentaram menor área da junção orofaríngea que os idosos hígidos. Com relação aos parâmetros acústicos vocais, o valor da frequência fundamental foi menor no sexo masculino, no grupo com Doença de Parkinson e os valores de jitter foram maiores no grupo não idoso dos sujeitos com Doença de Parkinson. Houve correlação positiva moderada entre o comprimento e volume da cavidade oral, comprimento da cavidade faríngea e o comprimento do trato vocal e do volume da cavidade faríngea e o volume do trato vocal. Conclusão indivíduos com Doença de Parkinson apresentaram menores valores de área glótica e área da junção orofaríngea, comparativamente aos hígidos. Quando distribuídos por faixa etária e sexo, a frequência fundamental foi menor no grupo com doença de Parkinson, na população masculina. Houve correlação positiva moderada entre as medidas de comprimento e volume da orofaringe, na amostra estudada.
Fair Influence Maximization in Large-scale Social Networks Based on Attribute-aware Reverse Influence Sampling
Authors: Lin Mingkai , Sun Lintan , Yang Rui , Liu Xusheng , Wang Yajuan , Li Ding , Li Wenzhong , Lu Sanglu
Published: April 2023

Influence maximization is the problem of finding a set of seed nodes in the network that maximizes the influence spread, which has become an important topic in social network analysis. Conventional influence maximization algorithms cause “unfair" influence spread among different groups in the population, which could lead to severe bias in public opinion dissemination and viral marketing. To address this issue, we formulate the fair influence maximization problem concerning the trade-off between influence maximization and group fairness. For the purpose of solving the fair influence maximization problem in large-scale social networks efficiently, we propose a novel attribute-based reverse influence sampling (ABRIS) framework. This framework intends to estimate influence in specific groups with guarantee through an attribute-based hypergraph so that we can select seed nodes strategically. Therefore, under the ABRIS framework, we design two different node selection algorithms, ABRIS-G and ABRIS-T. ABRIS-G selects nodes in a greedy scheduling way. ABRIS-T adopts a two-phase node selection method. These algorithms run efficiently and achieve a good trade-off between influence maximization and group fairness. Extensive experiments on six real-world social networks show that our algorithms significantly outperform the state-of-the-art approaches.
This article appears in the AI & Society track.
SURFACE PROPERTIES OF FLUOROCARBON COATINGS PRODUCED BY LOW-FREQUENCY PLASMATRON AT ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE
Authors: Shvedov A. V. , Elinson Vera M. , Shchur Pavel A.
Published: April 2023

This paper presents the results of studies conducted on coatings based on thin fluorocarbon films obtained by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition using low-frequency plasmatron and low-temperature plasma at atmospheric pressure. The possibility of forming thin fluorocarbon layers by supplying a cyclohexane/carbon tetrafluoride gas mixture to substrates made of polymeric materials (polyethylene terephthalate and polystyrene) has been demonstrated and the main technological modes of deposition process have been established. The absorption spectra of the obtained coatings were studied, the influence of the gas discharge energy contribution on the concentration of fluorocarbon compounds was established, and the band gap was calculated using the Tauc method. The surface relief of the obtained structures was considered using atomic force microscopy and the root-mean-square deviation of the surface roughness was calculated, which reached a maximum of 36 ± 3 nm. Using the Oliver-Pharr method, the nanohardness and Young's modulus of elasticity of the obtained coatings were calculated, which amounted to 0.447 ± 0.025 and 6.10 ± 0.39 GPa, respectively.
Predicting ineffability: Grammatical gender and noun pluralization in Icelandic
Authors: Björnsdóttir Sigríður Mjöll
Published: April 2023

The structure of inflectional paradigms is characterized by interdependencies between forms and categories. The question is what the nature of these interdependencies are and how they are discovered in acquisition. In this article, I approach these issues from a learning perspective using gender and plural formation in Icelandic as a case study. Specifically, I investigate how knowledge of grammatical gender facilitates the induction of plural forms or vice versa. Noun pluralization in Icelandic cross-cuts both gender and inflection classes, raising the question of how children can extract the relevant generalizations given syncretism both within and across inflectional paradigms. In a corpus study, I show how predictions regarding the productivity of correspondences between gender and plural forms in Icelandic can be formulated by the Tolerance Principle, a learning model proposed by Yang (2005; 2016). The model centers around a threshold function that predicts the division line between productive and unproductive linguistic patterns in language based on the proportion of exceptions associated with any given pattern. These predictions were put to the test in two elicited production studies on both children and adults. I demonstrate how both children and adults were at a loss to pluralize nouns that they were unable to assign gender to. Thus, productivity in gender assignment correlated with productivity in plural formation. Since knowledge of gender is contingent on the knowledge of productive nominative singular forms, I propose that gender may be a developmental prerequisite for the acquisition of plural formation in Icelandic due to the statistical primacy of singular forms in the input. I argue that gaps within the inflectional paradigm of Icelandic nouns follow naturally from a learning process guided by productivity that fails and results in rote memorization.
Student teacher learning in rural contexts: Challenges and opportunities
Authors: Pennefather Jane
Published: April 2023

In this article, I explore particular aspects of the learning of Postgraduate Certificate in Education (PGCE) student teachers in the context of a collaborative partnership between a university and rural schools in the Wild Coast Rural Schools' Partnership Project (WCRSPP). This focus is especially important given the neglect of rural education in South Africa, and of student teacher preparation for placement in rural schools in particular. In considering how student teachers might be prepared to teach effectively in deeply rural circumstances, with its challenges and opportunities, my objectives are to understand the complexity of the process of what student teachers learned and how they learned in this context. Using case study methodology within an interpretive paradigm, I draw on the lived experiences of selected student teachers and their university tutors, as revealed in interviews and reflective journals. I frame the learning of the student teachers in the potentially generative nature of rural contexts and seek to illuminate the transformative potential of these in challenging their understanding of teaching and their motivation and performance as teachers. Therefore, I highlight the situated nature of the student teacher learning as well as the multidimensional and expansive nature of the learning that emerges through significant moments of mediation. By highlighting the potential for deep learning that can emerge in unexpected ways, I challenge the notion of student teacher learning as being clearly defined and stable.
Mobile Devices in Microdrainage Systems in the City of Recife-PE
Authors: Santos Cíntia Rafaela Lima dos , Soares Willames de Albuquerque
Published: April 2023

The catch basins have paramount importance for an urban drainage system, since its main functionality is to capture and control the volume of transported water from the ground to the existing network, until its arrival in rivers and seas. With disorderly urbanization, the volume of produced garbage grows and drainage systems are impaired. In this way, the present work presents some devices created and implanted in the microdrainage group in the city of Recife. Three eco-basket models were installed inside the collection boxes. The initial version, made of cast iron, did not present a good viability due to its mass, with approximately 30 kg. A second HDPE version was then created, showing positive results, however interactions with some external agents (mainly rodents) reduced its useful life. Finally, the third model was built in fiberglass, meeting expectations satisfactorily. The results obtained proved to be convincing, since that after the implantation of a minimum amount of devices, more than a ton of debris were removed, which would obstruct the microdrainage system, and thus, would potentiate the effects of flooding, still associated with diseases of water transmission and the pollution of urban waters.
What can Urban Waters teach us? Prospects of action in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Araujo Eloisa Carvalho de
Published: April 2023

The work presented here is based on a continuous research process and aims to work on the environment from the understanding of the relationship of cities in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro, with its main urban rivers and to reflect on alternative solutions to the problems found. The challenge presented, in the ongoing research, from the experience of the Ubatiba River, in the city of Maricá, seeks to identify distortions and seek to make the reflections, within the principles of sustainability, produce effects on planning, design and management practices of the city, its urban waters. For this purpose, this investigation also intends to rely on the understanding and understanding of the existing legal provisions that guide the development of the target cities, committing, by bringing to the debate some reflections, based on theoretical-practical investigations, not to exhaust the theme, but rather to situate it as relevant in the face of the reality of the problems that surround cities, especially Brazilian cities, in contemporary times.