bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Truncated tau disrupts autophagy and lysosomal biogenesis
Authors: Dakkak Dina , Pollack Saskia , Guo Tong , Chennell George , Suaga Patricia Gomez , Noble Wendy , Hanger Diane P
Published: April 2022

The autophagy-lysosomal pathway plays a critical role in the clearance of tau protein aggregates that deposit in the brain in tauopathies, including Alzheimer’s disease and defects in this system are associated with disease pathogenesis. Here, we report that expression of Tau35, a tauopathy-associated carboxy-terminal fragment of tau, reduces beclin-1 and microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3, indicating that Tau35 disrupts autophagy in cells. We demonstrate that Tau35 reduces autophagic flux by blocking activation of 5' AMP-activated protein kinase and activating mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), as seen by increased phosphorylation of S6 ribosomal protein and a reduction in phosphorylated raptor. Tau35 also induces neutral lipid accumulation in cells, indicating a block of autophagic clearance and a deficit in lysosomal degradative capacity. In support of this view, reductions in lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2 and cathepsin D in cells expressing Tau35 are accompanied by its increased colocalisation with lysosomes. These deleterious effects of Tau35 on autophagy are not apparent with full-length tau, indicating that sequences in the amino-terminal half of tau may be involved in the regulation of mTORC1 and autophagic activity. Notably, upon induction of autophagy by Torin 1, both Tau35 and full-length tau inhibited nuclear translocation of transcription factor EB (TFEB), a key regulator of lysosomal biogenesis. These findings implicate autophagic and lysosomal dysfunction as key pathological mechanisms through which abnormal tau could lead to the development and progression of tauopathy.
Molecular basis for DNA recognition by the maternal pioneer transcription factor FoxH1
Authors: Pluta Radoslaw , Aragon Eric , Prescott Nicholas , Baginski Blazej , Ruiz Lidia , Flood Julia , Martin-Malpartida Pau , Massague Joan , David Yael , Macías María
Published: April 2022

Nucleosomes are barriers for the binding of most transcription factors, but pioneer factors (PFs) do bind and facilitate subsequent interactions of other proteins during transcription activation. FoxH1 is a maternal PF essential during embryonic development that interacts with specific GK-forkhead targets. How FoxH1 binds DNA targets has remained elusive for decades until now. We have determined high-resolution structures of human, frog and fish proteins bound to four DNAs. We found that the FoxH1 DNA-binding domain is almost twice the size of other FOX proteins, allowing for a highly specific binding to both minor and major grooves. Consistent with its PF activity, we also quantified that the affinity for DNA is even higher for native mononucleosomes than for linear DNA. Our structures illustrate how binding to distinct GK sites allows FoxH1 to avoid cross-regulation by other FOX proteins that also operate during the maternal-zygotic transition and select canonical TT-forkhead sites.
RIP1 inhibition prevents mechanical stress-induced TMJ OA by regulating apoptosis and late-stage necroptosis of chondrocytes
Authors: Zhou Yiwen , Lin Shuang , Huang Ziwei , Zhang Caixia , Wang Huijuan , Li Baochao , Li Huang
Published: April 2022

Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) is a common degenerative joint disease that has multiple causes. The abnormal stress distribution is known to be an important trigger of TMJ OA. In order to clarify the mechanism of pathological changes in mandibular cartilage under compressive mechanical stress and the function of RIP1 inhibition through Lenti-virus in mechanical stress-induced TMJ OA, we used a compressive mechanical force-induced-TMJ OA rat model and Lenti-virus targeting RIP1 to perform this study. The results identified the characteristics of the spatio-temporal changes in mechanical stress-induced TMJ OA. Under mechanical force, inflammation and apoptosis, which occur in the whole layer of mandibular cartilage, appear on 4th day and persist till 7th day. Necroptosis arises in the late stage of mechanical force and is mainly located in the transition layer. RIP1 plays an essential role in the destruction of mandibular cartilage under mechanical force. RIP1 inhibition through Lenti-virus could protect mechanical stress-induced mandibular cartilage thinning by inhibiting persisted apoptosis and late-stage necroptosis in the transition layer.
A combination of Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor with the R2 regimen in elderly high-risk B cell lymphoma maintenance therapy improves survival by modulating natural killer cells
Authors: Sun Shunrong , fulati Wulipan , Shen Lin , Wu Min , Huang Zilan , Qian Wensi , Chen Pingping , Hu Yingwei , Chen Mingyue , Xu Yu , Zhang Hongdi , Ma Jiexian , Xie Yanhui
Published: April 2022

Background
The clinical outcome of B-cell lymphoma has improved dramatically due to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and biological agents. However, treatment of high-risk B cell lymphoma in the elderly remains a challenge because of their ineligibility for HSCT, high mortality and relapse rates. Maintenance therapy to improve the prognosis of B cell lymphoma in the elderly might be feasible.
Methods
We analyzed the efficacy of a combination of human recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) with the R2 regimen in maintenance therapy in high-risk B cell lymphoma in the elderly of our center. A total of 83 elderly patients, who were ineligible for auto-HSCT and had a response after 6 cycles of induction therapy above a partial response, were divided into two groups: observation (n = 44) and R2 + GM-CSF (n = 39) by enrollment time.
Results
The clinical data, survival outcome, and the number of peripheral blood mononuclear cells were analyzed and compared. The numbers of lymphocytes (1.19 × 109/L vs. 1.03 × 109/L, P = 0.0062) and leukocyte (6.46 × 109/L vs. 4.85×109/L, P = 0.0048) increased after receipt of maintenance therapy, particularly the number of natural killer cells (0.131 × 109/L vs. 0.061 × 109/L, P = 0.0244). Patients receiving R2 + GM-CSF for maintenance had longer-term remission (duration of response (DOR): 18.9 months vs. 11.3 months, P = 0.001), and longer-term progression free survival (PFS) (not reached (NR) vs. 31.7 months, P = 0.037), and overall survival (OS) (NR vs. NR, P = 0.015). The new R2 regimen was safe and well tolerated. The elderly, high-risk, and high tumor burden seemed to have tendency to be independent prognostic factors for a better PFS (P = 0.060, 0.012, 0.005).
Conclusions
The new R2 regimen prolonged progression-free survival and overall survival among elderly patients with high-risk B cell lymphoma, appeared to lead to improve response without compromising its tolerability profile in elderly patients who are ineligible to receive HSCT. The number of patients in this trial was limited and the conclusions should be verified in larger, prospective, multicenter studies.
Retrospectively registered:
The ethical committee of Huadong Hospital (approval number: 2021K186).
Expression profiles of differentially expressed circular RNAs and circRNA/miRNA/mRNA network in SH-SY5Y cells infected with Coxsackievirus B5
Authors: Li Jing , Yang Heng , Shi Huaran , Yang Fan , Ou Xia , Zhang Jihong , Chen Wei
Published: April 2022

Coxsackievirus B5 (CV-B5) is the causative agent of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) that can cause neurological complications and fatalities. Circular RNA (circRNA) has been shown to play an important role in regulating pathogenic process. However, their functions of circRNA in response to CV-B5 infection remain unclear. In our research, RNA-seq was employed to analyze the expression profiles of circRNAs in SH-SY5Y cells with or without CV-B5 infection. Out of 5,665 circRNAs identified to be expressed in SH-SY5Y cells, 163 circRNAs were found to be differentially expressed significantly. Moreover, Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses showed that the differentially expressed circRNAs were mainly involved in ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis and signaling pathways during CV-B5 infection. Additionally, RT-qPCR was used to validate the RNA-seq data and a circRNA/miRNA/mRNA interaction network was constructed based on two circRNAs. Two circRNAs, such as: hsa_circ_0008378 and novel_circ_0014617, were associated with the regulation of innate immune response in host cells. Additionally, we confirmed the two circRANs up-regulated the key factors in the IFN signaling pathway, hampering viral replication. Our data provide a new perspective that facilitates further understanding on the virus-host mechanism.
Molecular functional analyses of larval adhesion in a highly fouling invasive model ascidian
Authors: Cheng Jiawei , Li Shiguo , Li Xi , Fu Ruiying , Huang Xuena , Zhan Aibin
Published: April 2022

Successful papillary adhesion is the first essential step for serious ascidian biofouling in marine ecosystems; however, the mechanisms of papillary adhesion have not been fully elucidated. Here, we employed micro-transcriptome sequencing to assess the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between papillae and remaining body in the larvae of the highly fouling invasive model ascidian Ciona robusta. Enrichment results for DEGs showed that papillae were adhesive structures with the combined functions of substrate recognition, environmental perception, and adhesive protein synthesis and secretion. Two candidate ascidian papilla adhesive proteins (APAPs), APAP-1 and APAP-2, were identified, expressed, and purified in vitro. Surface coating tests showed that APAP-1 was a cohesive protein while APAP-2 was an interfacial protein involved in the adhesion between papillae and material surface. Collectively, the obtained DEGs and adhesive proteins provide candidates to deeply understand molecular mechanisms of underwater adhesion and further develop anti-fouling strategies in marine ecosystems.
Novel Class of Antibiotics Disassembles the Lipopolysaccharide Transport Bridge
Authors: Zerbe Oliver , Schuster Matthias , Brabet Emile , Oi Kathryn , Desjonquères Nicolas , Moehle Kerstin , Poupon Karen , Hell Sopie , Gable Stéphane , Rithié Virginie , Dillinger Séverine , Zbinden Peter , Luther Anatol , Li Claudia , Stiegeler Sarah , D'Arco Carolin , Locher Hans , Remus Tobias , DiMaio Selena , Motta Paola , Wach Achim , Jung Françoise , Upert Gregory , Obrecht Daniel , Benghezal Mohammed
Published: April 2022

The rapid rise of multi-resistant bacteria poses a significant threat to our health system. The development of drugs against novel targets is urgently needed to replenish the clinical arsenal with effective antibiotics. The naturally occurring peptide thanatin kills Gram-negative bacteria by targeting the periplasmic protein bridge, in particular the lipopolysaccharide transport protein A (LptA).
Using the thanatin scaffold together with phenotypic medicinal chemistry and a target-focused approach, we developed potent antimicrobial macrocyclic peptides with drug-like properties that exhibited low frequencies for development of resistance both in vitro and in vivo. Binding affinities to Escherichia coli LptA of the thanatin analogs correlated well with minimal inhibitory concentrations for both parent and thanatin-resistant E. coli strains. Mode of action studies revealed that the antimicrobial activity of the antibiotics involves the specific disruption of the periplasmic Lpt protein bridge.
Our studies validate the Lpt protein bridge as a novel target for macrocyclic peptide antibiotics that can avoid current mechanisms of drug resistance. The peptides warrant further preclinical and clinical studies addressing WHO priority 1 carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, in particular for Klebsiella pneumoniae lung infections.
The effect of personality traits on patient-reported outcomes (PRO) in patients with atrial fibrillation: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Yan Qing , Li Yuan , Fan Jiali , Wu Wenhuan , Xu Pan , Zhang Juanli , Zhou Tian , Xue Jiahong
Published: April 2022

Background
Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is known to aggregate with a negative emotional state. Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are identified as important tools to evaluate the efficacy and endpoints of AF management. This study explored the association between personality traits and PROs in AF.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, we assessed personality traits (choleric personality, depressive personality, mucinous personality, and sanguine personality) using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) in AF patients. The Atrial Fibrillation Effect on Quality of Life (AFEQT) was used to measure the Quality of Life (QoL) in AF patients (range: 0 [worst] to 100 [best]). The General Anxiety Scale (GAD-7) and a 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) were explored to assess subjects’ depression and anxiety levels. The association of personality traits with quality of life and emotional state was measured by multivariate analysis.
Results
Among 124 subjects (age: 67.48 ± 11.59 years, 50.00% male) with newly diagnosed AF, 69 (55.65%) had paroxysmal AF, 51 (41.13%) had persistent AF, and 4 (3.22%) did not know their AF type. Of these, 10.48% of patients (n = 13) were of a sanguine personality. Compared to patients with other personality characteristics, average AFEQT scores were the highest in AF patients with sanguine personality (P < 0.05), and the levels of anxiety and depression were the lowest (P < 0.05). Furthermore, multiple linear regression analyses suggested that a sanguine personality was one of the main risk factors affecting the QoL after adjustment for clinical background (β = 12.40, 95%CI: 1.87 to 22.93, P < 0.05). Overall, sanguine personalities in AF patients were associated with improved QoL and a better emotional state.
Conclusion
Personality traits may be an essential factor affecting PROs in individuals with AF.
Analysis of Genomes and Transcriptomes of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinomas Identifies Mutations and Gene Expression Changes in TGF-beta Pathway
Authors: Che Xiangyu , Li Jianyi , Xu Yingkun , Wang Qifei , Wu Guangzhen
Published: April 2022

The occurrence of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is related to the change of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signal pathway. We adopted an integrated approach to identify and verify the effects of changes in this pathway in ccRCC, and provide direction for finding new therapeutic targets. We performed transcriptome analysis on 539 cases of ccRCC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and divided the samples into different TGF-β clusters according to unsupervised hierarchical clustering. We found that 76 of the 85 TGF-β pathway genes were dysregulated, and 55 genes could be used as protective factors or risk factors to affect the prognosis of ccRCC. The survival time of tumor patients with low TGF-β score was shorter than that of tumor patients with high TGF-β score. The TGF-β score was related to the expression of ccRCC key genes and deacetylation genes. The sensitivity of tumor patients to targeted drugs was different between TGF-β high score group and TGF-β low score group. The prognostic model based on TGF-β pathway gene can predict the prognosis of ccRCC patients. Grouping patients with ccRCC according to TGF-β score is of great significance to evaluate the prognosis of patients, select targeted drugs and find new targets.
CircMBOAT2 promotes FASN-mediated lipid metabolism reprogramming and progression in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Yu Xiaopeng , Tong Huanjun , Chen Jialu , Tang Chenwei , Wang Shuqing , Si Yu , Wang Shouhua , Tang Zhaohui
Published: April 2022

Background: The carcinogenic role of FASN by regulating lipid metabolism reprogramming has been well established in multiple tumors. However, whether mechanisms during intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) progression such as circRNAs regulate FASN expression remains unknown.Methods: Five paired ICC and adjacent normal tissues were used to screen the lipid metabolism-associated differentially expressed circRNAs by high-throughput RNA sequencing; the biological role of circMBOAT2 was determined by gain or loss of function experiments. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and RNA pull-down assays were used to analyze the interaction of circMBOAT2 with PTBP1 and PTBP1 with FASN. Coimmunoprecipitation (co-IP) was used to investigate the ubiquitin binding of PTBP1. Non-targeted lipidomics was applied to detect changes in metabolite composition.Results: CircMBOAT2 (has_circ_0007334 in circBase) was frequently upregulated in ICC tissues and correlated with tumor size. Knockdown circMBOAT2 inhibits proliferation of ICC cells. Mechanistically, circMBOAT2 combines with PTBP1 and protect PTBP1 from ubiquitin/proteasome-dependent degradation, impairing the function of PTBP1 to transfer FASN mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Moreover, circMBOAT2 and FASN have the same effect on fatty acid profile, unsaturated fatty acids instead of saturated fatty acids are primarily regulated and associated with malignant behaviors of ICC cells.Conclusions: Our results identified that circMBOAT2 stabilized PTBP1 and facilitated ICC lipid metabolic reprogramming via the modulation of FASN mRNA cytoplasmic export, suggesting that circMBOAT2 may serve as an available therapeutic target for ICC with active lipid metabolism.
Development of a Novel Intra-Operative Evaluation Method for the Directions and Degrees of Malrotation in Supracondylar Humerus Fractures
Authors: Tang Yifu , Li Xiaoning , Guo Qiang , Huang Yuzhao , Kuang Wei , Luo Ling
Published: April 2022

Introduction
: The malrotation of supracondylar humerus fractures (SCHF) often occurred, prolonging the reduction time during operation. An effective method should be established to achieve accurate reduction rapidly.
Methods
Three dimensional (3D) printed humerus models were used to obtain the linear correlation equation between the width and projection degrees. Then, transverse fracture was performed in the peak of the humeral olecranon fossa of 3D printed models, which was examined by C-arm in the lateral 45° oblique position. Then, ten images in models and five cases in clinics with internal or external rotation within 90° were selected, as their rotation direction and degrees were evaluated by five orthopedic surgeons. Finally, the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Kappa statistic were used to analyze the accuracy of this novel method.
Results
After linear regression analysis, the equation was obtained to show the correlation between the distal fracture line width and the rotation degrees. With the application of this method, the observers correctly predicted the rotation direction in 96% and correctly predicted the rotation degrees in 86% of models with a superior ICC value. Especially in the rotation range from − 45° to 45°, the accuracy of rotation direction and degrees could reach to 100% and 93.3%. Also, it has an equally accuracy (24/30) in five clinical cases.
Conclusions
This method provided a simple and efficient method for correcting intraoperative rotational displacement in patients with SCHF. By using this method, it can rapidly correct the malrotation displacement during operation, in order to distinctly shorten operation time, reduce bleeding volume and potential skeletal muscle injuries.
A novel and accurate deep learning based Covid-19 diagnostic model for heart patients only
Authors: Hassan Ahmed , Elhoseny Mohamed , Kayed Mohammed
Published: April 2022

Using radiographic changes of COVID-19 in the medical images, artificial intelligence techniques such as deep learning are used to extract some graphical features of COVID-19 and present a Covid-19 diagnostic tool. Differently from previous works that focus on using deep learning to analyze CT scans or X-ray images, this paper uses deep learning to scan electro diagram (ECG) images to diagnose Covid-19. Covid-19 patients with heart disease are the most people exposed to violent symptoms of Covid-19 and death. This shows that there is a special, unclear relation (until now) and parameters between covid-19 and heart disease. So, as previous works, using a general diagnostic model to detect covid-19 from all patients, based on the same rules, is not accurate as we prove later in the practical section of our paper because the model faces dispersion in the data during the training process. So, this paper aims to propose a novel model that focuses on diagnosing accurately Covid-19 for heart patients only to increase the accuracy and to reduce the waiting time of a heart patient to perform a covid-19 diagnosis. Also, we handle the only one existed dataset that contains ECGs of Covid-19 patients and produce a new version, with the help of a heart diseases expert, which consists of two classes: ECGs of heart patients with positive Covid-19 and ECGs of heart patients with negative Covid-19 cases. This dataset will help medical experts and data scientists to study the relation between Covid-19 and heart patients. We achieve overall accuracy, sensitivity and specificity 99%, 98.67% and 100%, respectively.
A novel method for drug-target interaction prediction based on graph transformers model
Authors: Wang Guishen , Wang Hongmei , Guo Fang , Du Mengyan , Cao Chen
Published: April 2022

Background:drug-target interactions prediction(DTIs) becomes more and moreimportant for accelerating drug research and drug repositioning. drug-targetinteraction network is a typical model for DTIs prediction. As many differenttypes of relationships exist between drug and target, drug-target interactionnetwork can be used for modeling drug-target interaction relationship. Recentworks on drug-target interaction network are mostly concentrate on drug node ortarget node and neglecting the relationships between drug-target. Results:We propose a novel prediction method for modeling the relationshipbetween drug and target independently. Firstly, we use different level relationshipsof drugs and targets to construct feature of drug-target interaction. Then, we useline graph to model drug-target interaction. After that, we introduce graphtransformer network to predict drug-target interaction. Conclusions:We introduce line graph to model the relationship between drug andtarget. After transformed drug-target interaction from links into nodes, we usegraph transformer network to fulfill drug-target interaction prediction task. Keywords: drug-target interaction; graph attention network; line graph
Can the thyme oil be an alternative treatment for human demodicosis?
Authors: Akkucuk Serife , OM Kaya
Published: April 2022

Background: Demodex mites can cause ocular demodicosis in humans. Natural products such as tea tree oil are used for ocular demodicosis, which can take a long time to treat. The aim of our study is to investigate the effects of some essential oils on in vitro mite lifespan. Methods: Eyelashes were examined under a light microscope. Mites were determined and the killing times of mineral oil, tea tree oil, black seed oil, St. John's Wort oil, sage oil and thyme oil were recorded. The active ingredients of thyme, tea tree and sage oils were determined by GC / MS method.Results: It was determined that 1% concentration of thyme oil has more effective killing time than 5% concentrations of tea tree oil and sage oil (p <0.0001). The most important active ingredients were carvacrol in thyme oil, terpinen-4-ol in tea tree oil, and 1.8-cineol in sage oil. Conclusion: Thyme oil was the most effective oil in killing mites. In addition, the first steps were taken that thyme oil and its products can be used in therapy.
Temperature mediated influence of mycotoxigenic fungi on the life cycle attributes of Callosobruchus maculatus F. in stored chickpea
Authors: Zahra Tatheer , Batool Muazzama , Tanveer Maryam , Naaz Farah , Saeed Qamar
Published: April 2022

Environmental factors (biotic and abiotic) are a major source of grain reserve depletion. Fungi and insect pests both damage grains synergistically in the store. Fungal and insect pest infestations pose nutritional damage to the stored food which becomes unpalatable for the consumer. There is a need to develop a timeline for synergistic damage caused by insect pest and mycotoxigenic fungi to manage them in stored products. For this purpose, interaction of mycotoxigenic fungi (Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium digitatum and Alternaria alternata) along with C. maculatus (Fabricius) (Bruchidae: Coleoptera) was studied at wide range of temperature. Development of C. maculatus was observed on fungus inoculated and non-inoculated C. arietinum seeds under different temperatures. C. maculatus was found attracted for completion of its life cycle attributes (Fecundity, larval emergence, pupae and adults) in fungus inoculated grains. Population of C. maculatus was decreased by increase in temperature but high temperatures pose to more fungi developments. Meanwhile, more egg laying was observed at 27 ºC and 33 ºC. At tested temperatures, larval emergence was high as compared other checked life attributes. Infestation of A. flavus and A. niger was also increased with different life stages of C. maculatus at all checked temperatures. Penicillium digitatum and Alternaria alternata infestation were increased in the C. arietinum at 27 ºC and 30 ºC respectively. This study will help in measuring the control practices of fungi and insect pest infestations in stored chick pea in Pakistan.
Operational taxon pairs in microbial co-occurrence networks imply complicated bacterial associations
Authors: Jiang Min-Zhi , Zhu Hai-Zhen , Zhou Nan , Liu Chang , Jiang Cheng-Ying , Wang Yulin , Liu Shuang-Jiang
Published: April 2022

Background
Microbial co-occurrence networks inferred from the abundance data of environmental and human gut samples are widely applied to describe microbial associations and to predict potential microbial interactions. However, the microbial associations and predicted interactions were hardly demonstrated with cultivated microbial isolates. Experimental demonstration of the microbial associations and the predicted interactions needs extensive isolation and cultivation of microbes and matches the isolates to operational taxon units (OTUs) from co-occurrence networks. The high workloads of bacterial isolation and cultivation, the shortage of methods to match cultivated bacterial isolates to co-occurrence network OTUs, and the complexity of the networks themselves were factors that constrained experimental demonstrations.
Results
Here, we integrated droplet microfluidics and bar-coding logistics for high-throughput bacterial isolation and cultivation from samples. The co-occurrence network complexity of samples was reduced by dilution of samples. Phylogenetic tree topology was applied to match bacterial isolates to zero-level OTUs (Zotus). We collected wetland samples from Beijing Olympic Park (BOP) including Potamogeton perfoliatus plants, their roots and root peripheral sediments. Droplets of series diluted homogenates of wetland samples were inoculated into 126 of 96-well plates containing R2A and TSB media. After 10 days of cultivation, 65 plates (each with > 30% wells of the 96 wells showed microbial growth) were elected to reconstruct co-occurrence networks. The prevalent co-occurred zero-level OTUs (Zotus) pairs were selected from the networks and were matched to bacterial isolates. We cultivated 129 bacterial isolates belonged to 15 taxa at species level. Thirty-six bacterial isolate combinations corresponding to 19 Zotus pairs were evaluated for interactions on agar plates. Results suggested that positively associated Zotu pairs in the co-occurrence network implied complicated relations including neutralism, competition, and mutualism. We further tested in broth the bacterial isolate combinations between BOP-1, BOP-5, BOP-11 or BOP-16 and BOP-108 that represented the Zotu1-Zotu10 pair. Results revealed that this Zotu1-Zotu10 pair had also competitive, neutral, or mutual relation, depending on bacterial isolate combination and on cultivation time.
Conclusion
This study established a workflow for experimental demonstration of relations between Zotu pairs from microbial co-occurrence networks. Using a wetland sample, we reconstructed microbial co-occurrence networks and cultivated extensively bacterial isolates, and further demonstrated that positively associated Zotu pairs had neutral, competitive, and mutual relations during bacterial cultivations on solid agar plates and in liquid broth.
Text-based recommender system with explanatory capabilities
Authors: Pérez-Núñez Pablo , Díez Jorge , Bahamonde Antonio , Luaces Oscar
Published: April 2022

Recommender systems have proven their usefulness both for companies and customers. The former increase their sales and the latter get a more satisfying shopping experience. These systems can benefit from the advent of explainable artificial intelligence, since a well-explained recommendation will be more convincing and may broaden the customer’s purchasing options. Many approaches offer justifications for their recommendations based on the similarity (in some sense) between users, past purchases, etc., which require some knowledge of the users. In this paper we present a recommender system with explanatory capabilities which is able to deal with the so-called cold-start problem, since it does not require any previous knowledge of the user. Our method learns the relationship between the products and some relevant words appearing in the textual reviews written by previous customers for those products. Then, starting from the textual query of a user’s request for recommendation, our approach elaborates a list of products and explains each recommendation on the basis of the compatibility between the query’s words and the relevant terms for each product.
LEV4REC: A Low-Code Environment to Support the Development of Recommender Systems
Authors: Sipio Claudio Di , Rocco Juri , Ruscio Davide , Nguyen Phuong T.
Published: April 2022

Recommender systems (RSs) are complex software systems that suggest relevant items of interest given a specific application domain to users. The development of RSs encompasses the execution of different steps, including data preprocessing, choice of appropriate algorithms, item delivery, to name a few. Though RSs can alleviate the curse of information overload, existing approaches resemble black-box systems, where the end-user is not supposed to customize the overall process. To fill the gap, we proposed LEV4REC, an initial MDE-based prototype for supporting the mentioned activities needed to conceive an RS from the design phase to the actual deployment of the system, including the parameters fine-tuning. As a first step, the user defines a coarse-grain model that allows the configuration of the desired RS, which then can be finalized by fine-tuning different parameters. LEV4REC eventually generates the source code of the RS, being ready for actual deployment. LEV4REC is provided as a plugin extension for two different IDEs and an initial web interface. To study the capabilities of the approach, we utilized LEV4REC in curating two existing RSs, which have been designed on top of two different algorithms, i.e., collaborative filtering and feed-forward neural network. Experimental results show that our proposed tool can create systems that can provide suitable recommendations, thereby conforming to their original design. LEV4REC is capable of enabling developers to refine the produced system by experimenting with different algorithms, experimental settings, and evaluation metrics.
Study on the Land Surface Cover Dynamics of Built-up Areas and its Implication for Sustainable Urban Planning in Hawassa City, Ethiopia
Authors: Gerezgher Tikabo Gebreyesus , Habtemariam Kumlachew Yeshitila , Mengistu Aramde Fetene , Jauregui Cristina Herrero
Published: April 2022

Rapid and uncontrolled urbanization is one of the drivers responsible for land cover change dynamics in Ethiopia. In most of the cities and towns of Ethiopia, the proportion of different types of urban land surface cover and trends of change in each are unknown and thus hindering environmentally sustainable urban planning. This study describes different land surface cover types and their dynamics of change, and subsequent influence on the Land Surface Temperature of Hawassa city between 2011 and 2021. The i-Tree canopy and Landsat 5 (TM) and Landsat 8 (OLI) images were used for 2011 and 2021 to analyze the land surface cover and surface temperature change, respectively. The results show that bare soil is the dominant land surface cover type (23.4%), followed by tree canopy cover (21.4%), while impervious roads occupied the smallest land surface area cover (3.4%) along with water bodies (1%). In 10 years most of the land surface cover types increased positively, including tree covers by + 9.8%. The only exceptions were bare soil and herbaceous cover, which decreased drastically by -34.6% and − 2.8%, respectively. As a result of tree cover increment, the average and maximum Land Surface Temperature showed a declining trend between the two periods. This study shows that increasing tree cover in line with the expansion of urbanization is inversely correlated with the land surface temperature which implies that integrating green coverage along with the built-up area can reduce heatwave in the fast growing urban areas. Therefore, the Hawassa city administration should set tree cover targets to achieve the desired balance between green and grey infrastructure and enhance the climate resilience level of the study area.
ATG5 promotes head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by regulating translation and cell cycle
Authors: Liu Huijuan , Zhang Hui , Fan Haidong , Tang Su , Weng Junquan
Published: April 2022

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the most prevalent malignant tumor of the maxillofacial area. Carcinogenesis might be fueled by abnormal activation of the central cell-cycle machinery and dysregulation of protein production. ARGs (autophagy-related genes) are involved in the cell cycle and translation. In HNSCC, however, the involvement of ARGs during the cell cycle and translation has yet to be discovered. In this study, we focused on the ARG hallmark's prognosis in HNSCC patients. According to the TCGA data, ATG5 was shown to be an adverse prognostic marker. ATG5 is one of the most significant autophagy regulators. Regardless of tumor stage, grade, or clinical characteristics, HNSCC patients with high ATG5 expression had a poorer survival rate. ATG5 knockdown suppressed the malignant features of HNSCC cell lines. The mechanism study demonstrated ATG5 knockdown could prevent the malignant phenotype of HNSCC by reversing the cell cycle and translation. One of the systems influencing cell cycle control in ATG5-dependent ways might include HDAC2, TTK, and CDK1. MRPL18, MRPL13, and MRPS14 might all be implicated in ATG5-dependent translation regulation. In conclusion, the current research suggests that ATG5 is a key player in cell cycle and translation regulation, as well as poor prognosis in HNSCC.
A Multivalent Vaccine for Preventing Piglet Diarrhea A New Multivalent Vaccine Candidate Targeting Fimbriae and Enterotoxin of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli for Preventing Newborn Piglet Diarrhea
Authors: Xu ChongLi , She Yuhan , Fu Fengyang , Shi Qinhong
Published: April 2022

In order to develop the K88ac-3STa-LT2 trivalent genetically engineered inactivated vaccine, the recombinant strain BL21(DE3)(pXK88ac3STaLT2) was constructed. ELISA test showed that the K88ac-3STa-LT2 fusion protein could be recognized by STa monoclonal antibody, LT2 and K88ac antibody. The test of intragastric administration in the suckling mouse confirmed that the expressed fusion protein had lost the toxicity of the natural STa enterotoxin. The results of immune experiments showed that K88ac-3STa-LT2 fusion protein could induce rabbits to produce serum antibodies, which had the effect of neutralizing the toxicity of natural STa enterotoxin. Efficacy test of the K88ac-3STa-LT2 genetically engineered inactivated vaccine showed that the immune protection rate of the newborn piglets could reach 85% on the 1st day after suckling. At the same time, it was determined that the minimum immunization doses for mice and pregnant sows were 0.2 mL and 2.5mL respectively. This study provided scientific parameters for the industrialized production of the vaccine and showed that the K88ac-3STa-LT2 trivalent genetically engineered inactivated vaccine had a broad immune spectrum for E. coli diarrhea in newborn piglets. Through this research, a new genetic engineering vaccine candidate strain was provided for more effective prevention of E. coli diarrhea in piglets.
CALCIFYING EPITHELIAL ODONTOGENIC TUMOR OF POSTERIOR MAXILLA: A RARE CASE REPORT
Authors: Imran Khan Mohammad , Khare Abhisheik , S Khan Sameera , Ali Iqbal
Published: April 2022

Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (CEOT), also known as Pindborg tumor, is a rare benign but locally aggressive odontogenic neoplasm, accounts for<1% of all odontogenic tumors.The tumor has a recurrence rate of 10%ÃƒÂƒÃ‚Â¢ÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Â€ÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Â“20% and so periodic follow-up is necessary. Here is reported the case of a 21-year-old female patient with a CEOT in the right maxillarymanagements is discussed.
PORT CHEMOTHERAPY IN CANCER PATIENT : OUR EXPERIENCE AND REVIEW
Authors: Suresh Venkatachalam A. , Balamurugan G. , Selvaraj N. , Kumar N. Senthil , K. Harish , Ramkumar P.
Published: April 2022

Port implant plays an important role in the management of cancer chemotherapy. A cancer patient needs long term chemotherapy, frequent intravenous medication, parenteral nutrition, blood transfusion and blood extraction for blood test. For many reasons peripheral lines are not available as patients have already received chemotherapy. The port is an excellent way to administer chemotherapy on a long term basis but it should be with at most care. It not only improves the quality of life in cancer patients but also reduces the burden on nursing care. Proper placement and care of the port implant is very important to avoid complications. Methodology: This is a retrospective study in which collected data of patients who received the chemotherapy for cancer through Chemo port at SLV cancer center, Coimbatore, India. Aims And Objectives: The main objective of this study is to analyze the complication and outcomes related to port implant. Results: The Chemoport has been implanted in 84 patients in a period of three year (2017-2020) in which solid malignancy cases are (n =76) and hematological malignancy cases are (n=8). Among the solid malignancies cases, Breast cancer (n=48) was the most common malignant disease followed by Ovarian cancer (n=12) and Lymphoma (n=8). Of the 84 patients in the study group, for the first 24 patients, we started chemotherapy on the eighth day of the port implant and for the next 60 patients we started chemotherapy on the first postoperative day of the port implantation. The various complications developed in this study group are given in the descending order as follows: Infection(n=4), septicemia(n=3),catheter blockage due to blood clot(n=3), subclavian vein thrombosis(n=1), port site skin necrosis(n=1), catheter kink(n=1), pneumothorax(n=1) and pulmonary embolism and death(n=1).
DEPENDENCE OF GRAVITATIONAL CASIMIR EFFECTS ON GW FREQUENCY IN NS BINARY
Authors:   School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, PR. China., Wang Jing
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we investigate the dependence of gravitational Casimir effects on the frequencies of gravitational waves (GWs) in inspiraling neutron star (NS) binaries, with wide separation of . We introduce a mapping to describe the gravitational interactions and reflections on quantum scale and the frequency-dependent operator to depict the GWs/gravitons scattering. Accordingly, the gravitational fluctuation fields, i.e., GWs, can be decomposed as the gravitoelectric fields and gravitomagnetic fields, arising from the gravitoelectromagnetism due to the orbital motion of compact NS binaries, which can be unified as the gravitoelectric fields, because of their mutual induction. Because frequencies of GWs depend on both geometry and mass-density of the sources, we divide the calculations into geometric effects and mass effects. It is found that the dependence of gravitational Casimir energy arising from the quadruple moments on the GWs frequencies mainly give expressed to the post-Newtonian expansion coefficient. While the mass variation induced dependence on GW frequencies scales as in low-frequency GW sources, which reflects the temperature dependence of gravitational Casimir energy in wide inspiraling NS binaries.
UV IDENTIFICATION FOR TARFAYAS OIL SHALE AND ASHING AT LOW TEMPERATURE OF Z1 LAYER (MOROCCO)
Authors:   Department of Chemistry Faculty of Sciences Casablanca University Hassan IIMorocco., Sana Daghiri , Meryem Sarhane ,   Department of Chemistry Faculty of Sciences Casablanca University Hassan IIMorocco., El Mahdi Majdi ,   Department of Chemistry Faculty of Sciences Casablanca University Hassan IIMorocco., Baha Ali Ait ,   Department of Chemistry Faculty of Sciences Casablanca University Hassan IIMorocco., Abdeljabbar Attaoui ,   Department of Chemistry Faculty of Sciences Casablanca University Hassan IIMorocco.
Published: April 2022

In order to elucidate our knowledge of oil shale, this work has been initiated. Morocco has large oil shale reserves, the most important deposits of which are in Timahdit, Tarfaya and Tangiers .As oil shale is first-round energy materials that can be used to further valorize these resources, we are interested in the research and development of oil shale-based materials capable of retaining pollutants present in wastewater. In this study, we discuss the role that oil shale can play in inhibiting the infiltration of micro pollutants into the water table. The part of this work presents a bibliographical study on the mineralogy, geochemistry and petro chemistry of oil shale. The use of these materials in the field of environmental protection is discussed. Firstly, an experimental identification work was carried out using the spectroscopic apparatus of our establishment to study the Z1 layer of the Tarfaya deposit in its raw state and in the screen solubilized with chloroform. The Z1 layer has a percentage of organic matter of 12.3% and mineral matter of 29.4% for a heating rate of 21Â°C/min (A.Attaoui:1999).Then, within the framework of a clean use of the material as an absorbent or depolluting(He.G.Liang et al:2019,S.Gamoudi et al :2019) we carried out the ashing at low temperature of the oil shale, which consists in carrying out combustions on this shale, more precisely on the organic part and not altering the mineral part. In this context, we carried out this incineration on the oil shale of Tarfaya (Z1) at temperatures ranging from ambient to 227Â°C. The samples were then subjected to HCl acid attacks, and the remaining part was measured and the quantity of the constituents sensitive to this acid attack was evaluated. Pure calcite was taken as a reference and the PH-meter was used to analyses the phenomenon.
Blockchain as an Innovative Tool of Strategic Development of the Fishery Complex of the Russian Federation
Authors: Beleckiy Andrey
Published: April 2022

Introduction. Digital technologies are a strategically important trend that affects numerous areas of research and practice. They can provide a strategic competitive advantage in any industry, including fishery. The search for new solutions for the functioning of the agricultural industry is aimed at strategic global leadership in a number of areas, one of which is the traceability of fishery products. Study objects and methods. The present research featured the application of blockchain technology in the Russian fishery. It was based on Professor V.L. Kvint’s strategizing method taking into account industry specifics. Results and discussion. The study revealed the increasing importance of sustainable development in the fisheries sector and the need to meet consumer demand for information about the origin of the fish-based product. The article introduces strategic priorities and opportunities of blockchain technology in this industry. Conclusion. The contemporary fisheries sector requires a technological and logistics complexity in order to provide sustainable high-quality competitive products, and blockchain is a modern technology that corresponds to strategically significant trends and is able to boost the development of Russian fishery.
Spatio-temporal trend analysis and future projections of precipitation at regional scale: a case study of Haryana, India
Authors: Chauhan Abhilash Singh , Singh Surender , Maurya Rajesh Kumar Singh , Rani Alka , Danodia Abhishek
Published: April 2022

In this study, we investigated the spatio-temporal distribution and performance of seasonal precipitation in all districts of Haryana, India. We analysed the gridded precipitation dataset of the India Meteorological Department (IMD) for a period of 120 years (1901–2020) using different statistical methods. We found that Haryana received a mean precipitation of 37.0, 37.7, 468.3, and 24.8 mm during the winter, pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon seasons, respectively. During each season, the eastern districts of Haryana received more precipitation than its western counterparts. Sen's slope results obtained after trend-free pre-whitening (TFPW) showed a statistically significant increasing trend of 0.12 mm (p-value; 0.04) during the pre-monsoon period, whereas decreasing but non-significant trends were observed during the winter, monsoon and post-monsoon seasons at the rate of −0.04 mm (p-value; 0.49), −0.26 mm (p-value; 0.52), −0.05 mm (p-value; 0.33) per year, respectively, for the entire Haryana state. The winter precipitation is expected to increase under the Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5 (RCP4.5) scenario, whereas pre-monsoon precipitation is expected to decrease under the RCP8.5 scenario by the end of the 21st century. The monsoon precipitation is expected to decrease under all RCP scenarios, whereas post-monsoon precipitation is expected to gradually increase under the RCP8.5 scenario by the end of the 21st century.
Aptamer-based Advances in Skin Cancer Research
Authors: Piasek Adrianna Maria , Musolf Paulina , Sobiepanek Anna
Published: April 2022

Cancer diseases have been one of the biggest health threats for the last two
decades. Approximately 9% of all diagnosed cancers are skin cancers, including melanoma
and non-melanoma. In all cancer cases, early diagnosis is essential to achieve efficient
treatment. New solutions and advanced techniques for rapid diagnosis are constantly being
sought. Aptamers are single-stranded RNA or DNA synthetic sequences or peptides,
which offer novel possibilities to this area of research by specifically binding selected
molecules, the so-called cancer biomarkers. Nowadays, they are widely used as diagnostic
probes in imaging and targeted therapy. In this review, we have summarized the recently
made advances in diagnostics and treatment of skin cancers, which have been achieved by
combining aptamers with basic or modern technologies.