bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Environmental Toxins and Brain
Authors: Aggarwal Vasundhara , Mehndiratta Man M. , Wasay Mohammad , Garg Divyani
Published: September 2022

Man and environment have a strong connection with each other for their functioning. Environmental toxins which can be natural or manmade result in the loss of this balance by causing systemic inflammatory response within the human body, with the brain being the most affected target end-organ. These problems are more prominent in Third World countries, where environmental regulations laws are either relaxed or non-existent. These neurotoxins play a very important aetiological role in the manifestation of various neurodegenerative diseases, neurodevelopmental disorders and psychiatric disorders. Environmental neurotoxicity results from inhibition of mitochondrial activity, excess oxidative stress leading to neuroinflammation, and promoting apoptosis and neuronal cell death. Having the know-how of these neurotoxins will provide insight into the process of neurodegeneration and will result in further designing of studies to delve into processes and mechanisms of neuronal regeneration and axonal sprouting. This review highlights the various central nervous system disorders associated with exposure to environmental neurotoxins and discusses the way forward to prevent or halt the process of neurodegeneration.
Clinical profile and outcomes in cervical cancer: An audit from a tertiary cancer center
Authors: Palled Siddanna R , Venugopal Bindu K , Nihanthy DS , Khanum Hashmath , Vijay CR , Viswanath Lokesh , Ramachandra C
Published: September 2022

Background:

Carcinoma cervix contributes to a major proportion of cancer treatment in tertiary oncology centers. The outcomes are dependent on multiple factors. We conducted an audit to establish the pattern of treatment practiced for carcinoma cervix at the institute and suggest changes thereof to improve the quality of care.

Methodology:

A retrospective observational study of 306 diagnosed cases of carcinoma cervix was carried out for the year 2010. Data was collected with regards to diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.

Results:

Out of 306 cases, 102 (33.33%) patients received only radiation therapy and 204 (66.66%) patients received concurrent chemotherapy. The most common chemotherapy used was weekly cisplatin 99 (48.52%), followed by weekly carboplatin 60 (29.41%) and three weekly cisplatin 45 (22.05%). Disease-free survival (DFS) at 5 years was 36.6% with patients of overall treatment time (OTT) of <8 weeks and >8 weeks showing DFS of 41.8% and 34% (P = 0.149), respectively. Overall survival (OS) was 34%. Concurrent chemoradiation improved overall survival by a median of 8 months (P = 0.035). There was a trend towards improved survival with three weekly cisplatin regimen, however, insignificant. Stage correlated with improved overall survival significantly with stage I and II showing 40% and stage III and IV showing 32% (P < 0.05) OS. Acute toxicity (grade I-III) was higher in the concurrent chemoradiation group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

This audit was a first of its kind in the institute and threw light on the treatment and survival trends. It also revealed the number of patients lost to follow-up and prompted us to review the reasons for it. It has laid the foundation for future audits and recognized the importance of electronic medical records in the maintenance of data.
Incidental finding of severe hyperkalemia in a patient with end-stage renal disease during video-assisted lung lobectomy
Authors: Hsu Wen-Hau , Ho Chia-Hao , Lin Tzu-Yu , Chang Chia-Ying
Published: September 2022

Patients with end-stage renal disease are at risk of developing hyperkalemia and acidosis, both of which have disastrous sequelae during elective video-assisted thoracic surgery for lung cancer. Herein, we present a case where severe hyperkalemia and combined acidosis were incidentally found in a 68-year-old man with the end-stage renal disease after establishing one-lung ventilation during video-assisted lobectomy. There was no significant instability of vital signs, abnormality of perioperative electrocardiography, or malignant arrhythmia. Therefore, we arranged for related management promptly, and the surgery was relatively smooth. This incidental intraoperative hyperkalemia was thought to have resulted from one-lung ventilation and hypercarbia and/or metabolic acidosis. More frequent arterial blood gas analysis and aggressive blood potassium control during video-assisted thoracic surgery should be considered for patients with end-stage renal disease.
Single continuous erector spinae plane block for multiple rib, clavicle, and scapula fractures
Authors: Almeida Carlos , Francisco Emília , Cunha Pedro , Vieira Lígia , Antunes Pedro
Published: September 2022

The aim of this study is to describe the ability of a continuous erector spinae plane (ESP) block to provide analgesia in an extended territory (brachial plexus and thoracic nerves) with a single catheter. A continuous ESP block at T4 was performed in a 74-year-old man, two days after trauma involving clavicle, scapula, and multiple posterior rib fractures (first to ninth). The technique was maintained for 12 days and provided effective analgesia not only to the thoracic region but also the scapula and clavicle area (C5–T12 dermatomes). Concomitant respiratory insufficiency was ameliorated, which helped to avoid mechanical ventilation and intensive care unit admission. Moreover, this analgesia technique promoted patient's ambulation. ESP block, as an alternative to a thoracic epidural, is a more straightforward and safer procedure than paravertebral block (PVB). To obtain an extensive dermatome block using PVB, more than one paravertebral catheter would be necessary. Extensive cephalad–caudad spread of the PVB is primarily related to analgesia due to the concomitant epidural spread. PVB frequently causes bilateral block and may produce significant motor or sympathetic block. Additionally, proximal extension of the block under the erector spinae muscle fascia can provide a significant extension of the block to the cervical region, which allows brachial plexus block (cervical plexus block was not observed clinically). This is a unique feature of ESP block, as there is no communication between adjacent paravertebral levels in the cervical region that could allow the same pattern of analgesia using PVB.
Pediatric obesity and anesthetic challenges of metabolic surgery
Authors: Hashim Ahmed , Sedky Mostafa K. , Masood Waniyah , Shehata Islam M. , Kaye Alan D.
Published: September 2022

Obesity in the pediatric population is considered a growing problem. It is likely that there will be a significant impact related to obesity on the health of future generations. Obesity has increased the incidence of a spectrum of diseases ranging from microvascular complications over the retina and peripheral nerves to an increased incidence of cancer. We have conducted an electronic search in MEDLINE, PubMed, ISI Web of Science, and Scopus scientific databases targeting studies published between 2000 till 2019. Several modalities have shown a wide spectrum of the effectiveness of weight control among adolescents. Despite achieving short-term success among obese adolescents, maintaining such change is challenging. The emergence of metabolic or bariatric surgeries has opened the door for long-term control over weight gain with considerable remission of unfavorable metabolic mediated or modulated effects associated with obesity such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension. The most commonly practiced metabolic surgery among adolescents is sleeve gastrectomy which is associated with comparable weight and metabolic control and a lesser risk of complication. Anesthesia is considered a major challenge among the pediatric population, especially those with significant obesity. Preoperative evaluation is always warranted to exclude and manage different associated comorbidities. The anesthetic challenges associated with pediatric obesity begin with intubation. Maintenance and emergence from anesthesia along with postoperative antiemetics and analgesia can pose additional challenges. Managing the postoperative period is considered a cornerstone in the early detection and management of any postoperative complication. Especially those complications related to the metabolic and nutritional aspects of the bariatric surgery. Finally, despite being a valuable option in managing obesity, bariatric surgery in adolescents comes with significant anesthetic challenges that need to be consistently evaluated and managed.
“The show must go on”
Authors: Jaju Rishabh , Saxena Medhavi , Paliwal Naveen , Bihani Pooja , Tharu Vidya
Published: September 2022

COVID-19 has caused tectonic changes in the personal and professional lives of anesthesiologists and, among several aspects, anesthesiology residency and sub-specialty training has also undergone an unforeseen overhaul. We read the articles published on the impact of COVID-19 on training of anesthesiologists and set out to extract and narrate all the significant observations. At the outset, we begin by explaining how this pandemic posed a threat to the safety of the residents and mitigating measures like PPE and barriers that have now become ‘the new normal’. Sub-specialties like critical care, cardiac anesthesia, pain and palliative care have also faced difficulty in imparting training due to an initial dearth in elective surgery case load but have adapted innovative measures to overcome that. Initially, conducting thesis and research became difficult due to problems in achieving the desires sample size needed to get significant results, but this pandemic has emerged as a dynamic laboratory where topics like ‘psychological impact of COVID-19’ and ‘development of artificial intelligence models in COVID −19 ICUs’ came into the fore. Pattern of examination has also become virtual and webinars showed how knowledge, with the right medium, has the potential of global outreach. As the pandemic took a toll on the mental health of the residents, attention was paid to this previously neglected aspect and ensuring their emotional well-being became a priority to avoid the issue of burn-out. We comment on how what initially was considered a scary problem, actually paved way for growth. It brought attention to safety, innovation, new tools for training, finding solutions within constraints, continuing developing our residents into future leaders who were also trained for mitigating disasters. Changes like online education, research on socio-economic impact, priority to mental health and artificial intelligence are here to stay and by imbibing it, we ensure that ‘the show must go on’.
Difficult airway management in a patient with unexpected laryngeal deformities
Authors: Song Seung Eun , Kim Hyun Jung
Published: September 2022

We report an experience with difficult airway management due to unexpected laryngeal deformities. A 69-year-old man who had been diagnosed with left vocal cord paralysis was scheduled for eye surgery. After the induction of anesthesia, mask ventilation was inadequate and intubation was impossible, so an emergency tracheostomy had to be performed. In the larynx examination, the left vocal cord was paralyzed close to the midline and the left corniculate tubercle was enlarged and partially blocked the rima glottidis. Laryngeal deformities may cause unexpected difficult airway management. Clinicians always have to pay close attention to the potential risk and prepare for emergency situations including an invasive approach to the airway.
A randomized control study to assess the efficacy of the sphenopalatine ganglion block in patients with post dural puncture headache
Authors: Gayathri Guruvayurappan Annushha , Karthik Kanthan , Saravanan Ravi , Meshach Mesia D. , Pushparani Anand
Published: September 2022

Background:

Post dural puncture headache (PDPH) delays discharge from hospital. We studied the efficacy of sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) block, a novel technique in management of PDPH using 0.25% Ropivacaine.

Methodology:

Forty patients presenting with PDPH after urological procedures under spinal anaesthesia were randomized into two groups: Group C and Group S. Group C received conservative treatment with bed rest, adequate hydration and caffeine 200 mg 6th hourly. Group S patients received SPG block (packing bilateral nostril for 10 minutes with 0.25% Ropivacaine). Inj Paracetamol 1 g IV was given as primary analgesic. Intravenous Diclofenac 75 mg was administered as rescue analgesic. Patients were monitored for 72 hours. Total analgesic requirement, time to attain adequate pain relief, headache pain score, patient satisfactory score were compared between the two groups. We compared the PDPH severity score for headache using 5-point scale method and patient satisfaction score using Likert-type scale.

Results:

Demographic data, onset of PDPH, needle size, intervention time were statistically insignificant. Total paracetamol consumption was significantly reduced in SPG group. Headache pain score was significantly low in Group S up to 54 hours. Patient satisfaction score was statistically better in Group S. Mean block onset time was 12 minutes. One patient in Group C required Epidural blood patch.

Conclusion:

SPG block is an effective alternative in managing patients with PDPH. The need for epidural blood patch is greatly reduced using SPG block. Procedural safety, immediate and sustained pain relief make it an evolving treatment modality for PDPH.
Selective Suprascapular and Axillary nerve (SSAX) block – A diaphragm sparing regional anesthetic technique for shoulder surgeries
Authors: Saravanan Ravi , Nivedita Krishnamurthy , Karthik Krishnamoorthy
Published: September 2022

Interscalene block, the gold standard for shoulder surgeries is inevitably associated with phrenic nerve palsy, even at low volumes. The major innervation of the shoulder joint is by suprascapular nerve and axillary nerve. Suprascapular nerve block has been used commonly for postoperative analgesia in shoulder surgeries done under GA. Combining axillary block with suprascapular nerve block was found to provide superior analgesia when compared to suprascapular block alone. Selective Suprascapular and Axillary nerve (SSAX) block provides effective analgesia in shoulder surgeries without causing diaphragm palsy, but has limited published literature. We performed ultrasound guided suprascapular block in the supraspinous fossa (posterior approach) using 10 ml of 0.25% Ropivacaine and axillary block in the quadrangular space using 6ml of 0.25% Ropivacaine before administration of general anaesthesia (GA) in 4 cases. Among four cases, 2 were closed shoulder manipulation with intra-articular steroid injection for periarthritis, 1 was closed reduction and K-wire fixation for chronic shoulder subluxation and the 4th was Latarjet procedure for recurrent shoulder dislocation. All patients received paracetamol 1g at the end of the procedure and every 6 h postoperatively. No patient experienced pain during recovery and the analgesia lasted for a mean duration of 347.5 minutes. Tramadol was required for rescue analgesia in only one patient (Latarjet surgery). We found that SSAX block provided effective analgesia in all patients, but needs randomized controlled trials with larger sample size comparing with interscalene block.
Thermal injury from forced-air warmer device precipitated by massive extravasation from peripheral venous cannula
Authors: Bithal Parmod K. , Jan Ravees , Kalou Mohammed M. , Bafaquh Mohammad S.
Published: September 2022

Extravasation injury (EVI) is an iatrogenic complication of venous cannulation. Usually innocuous but occasionally it engenders sequelae. Its severity is determined by various physicochemical properties of infusate. A 50-year-old patient developed leg EVI from crystalloids infused through a pressurized digital infuser (PDI), likely from cannula tip displacement during positioning for craniotomy. We ignored checking gravity-aided free-fluids flow before switching on PDI. Following surgery, the patient had an edematous leg with bullae and epidermal peelings from severe extravasation and burns, respectively. Doppler revealed patent leg arteries. Therefore, EVI was conservatively managed, with complete recovery. Apparently, increased local tissue pressure from extravasation produced conditions of peripheral circulation sufficiency predisposing the leg to thermal injury from the forced-air warmer. On inspecting PDI postoperatively, its upper-pressure alarm limit was 300 mmHg, which prevented it from sounding alarm during extravasation.
Ultrasound-guided lower thoracic erector spinae block for postoperative analgesia in complex colorectal surgery in a pediatric patient
Authors: Drillings Ian , Rivera-Cintron Alberto , Geng-Ramos Giuliana
Published: September 2022

The erector spinae plane (ESP) block is a relatively novel regional anesthetic technique first described in 2016. There are limited data regarding its use in pediatric surgeries although ESP blocks can likely be safely used to provide effective postoperative analgesia for major thoracic and abdominal surgeries, especially in cases where neuraxial anesthesia is contraindicated. In this report, we describe a case in which bilateral lower thoracic erector spinae plane blocks were performed in a pediatric patient with vertebral anomalies undergoing posterior sagittal anorectoplasty and reconstruction of cloacal malformation.
Differential diagnosis of intraoperative cardiac arrest after spine surgery in prone position
Authors: Khouri Davi Brasil , Delgado Marina Ayres , Lemes Jadson Lardy , Afonso Cruz Marcela Morais
Published: September 2022

Intraoperative cardiac arrest is one of the most feared events by anesthesiologists and surgeons. Although there are many possible causes, three differential diagnoses stand out in the presented scenario: pulmonary embolism, gas embolism, and acute myocardial infarction. A 61-year-old female patient was admitted in the hospital to C2-C5 arthrodesis. Despite no major bleeding during surgery, immediately after supination the patient developed refractory hypotension, a decrease in end tidal CO2, progressive bradycardia that ultimately led to pulseless electrical activity. Resuscitation maneuvers were promptly performed, sustained return of spontaneous circulation was attained after 50 minutes, and the patient was transferred to the ICU. This paper discusses the main causes for an episode of cardiac arrest in the context of cervical arthrodesis, with a markedly prolonged resuscitation time, in which the patient survived.
Conscious sedation and electroporation
Authors: Sethi Priyanka , Vyas Raksha , Kaur Manbir , Bhatia Pradeep
Published: September 2022

Tumor-specific electroporation (TSE) is a technique involving the application of high voltage pulsed electric impulses to the tumor lesions. We performed TSE in four patients with different indications and airway scenarios. We kept all four patients under conscious sedation using trans-nasal humidified rapid-insufflation ventilatory exchange (THRIVE) and dexmedetomidine infusion. This case series reflects those various untoward effects of general anesthesia that can be avoided by oxygenating the patient with THRIVE and dexmedetomidine infusion, which provide analgesia, sedation, and amnesia.
Energy-efficient and high-spectrum-efficiency wireless transmission
Authors: Tang Yajuan , Lai Shiwei , Zhao Zichao , Rao Yanyi , Zhou Wen , Zhu Fusheng , Chen Liming , Deng Dan , Wang Jing , Cui Tao , Zhang Yuwei , Liu Jun , Wu Di , Liu Zhusong , Huang Huang , Zhou Xuan , Wang Zhao , Li Chao , Chen Kai , Zhou Wei , Li Yun , Dube Kaimeno , Muazu Abbarbas , Rono Nakilavai , Feng Sunli , Qin Jiayin , Xiang Haige , Cao Zhigang , Zeng Lieguang , Yang Zhixing
Published: September 2022

With the deployment and commercialization of the fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication networks, the access nodes and data volume of wireless networks are showing massive and explosive growth. In this paper, we firstly review the research progress on the energy-efficient and spectrum-efficient wireless transmission, from the perspectives of both latency and energy consumption. We then provide several solutions to high-efficiency wireless transmission for the 5G wireless networks. Finally, we give some discussions about the future road for the design of energy-efficient and spectrum-efficient wireless transmission, which provides some theoretical reference for the system design of wireless networks and Internet of Things (IoT) networks.
The prominence of Danzig Academic Gymnasium as a cornerstone of scientific developments in Gdańsk
Authors: Sznajder Roman
Published: September 2022

The Danzig Academic Gymnasium (1558–1817) was one of the first Protestant schools at the college level in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. It became one of the most famous educational institutions in Europe of the 16–18th centuries. For almost 260 years, it attracted one of the best professors and students of the era. We concentrate on the achievements in science, the role of the City Council Library in the academic life in and outside of the Gymnasium, and highlight the activities of the Danzig Naturalist Society. In this survey, we feature important representatives of the scientific disciplines present in the Gymnasium, both faculty and their students, as well as Gdańsk scientists in general. We outline the lasting impact of the Danzig Academic Gymnasium on the intellectual life in Gdańsk, the Pomerania region, and some intellectual circles in Europe.
The Paradigm Shift in the 19th-century Polish Philosophy of Mathematics
Authors: Polak Paweł
Published: September 2022

The Polish philosophy of mathematics in the 19th century had its origins in the Romantic period under the influence of the then-predominant idealist philosophies. The decline of Romantic philosophy precipitated changes in general philosophy, but what is less well known is how it triggered changes in the philosophy of mathematics. In this paper, we discuss how the Polish philosophy of mathematics evolved from the metaphysical approach that had been formed during the Romantic era to the more modern positivistic paradigm. These evolutionary changes are attributed to the philosophers Henryk Struve, Antoni Molicki and Julian Ochorowicz, and mathematicians Karol Hertz and Samuel Dickstein. We also show how implicit ideas (i.e., those not declared openly) from the area between the philosophy of science and general philosophy played a crucial role in the paradigm shift in the Polish philosophy of mathematics.
Foundations of Mathematics and Mathematical Practice. The Case of Polish Mathematical School
Authors: Woleński Jan
Published: September 2022

The foundations of mathematics cover mathematical as well as philosophical problems. At the turn of the 20th century logicism, formalism and intuitionism, main foundational schools were developed. A natural problem arose, namely of how much the foundations of mathematics influence the real practice of mathematicians. Although mathematics was and still is declared to be independent of philosophy, various foundational controversies concerned some mathematical axioms, e.g. the axiom of choice, or methods of proof (particularly, non-constructive ones) and sometimes qualified them as admissible (or not) in mathematical practice, relatively to their philosophical (and foundational) content. Polish Mathematical School was established in the years 1915–1920. Its research program was outlined by Zygmunt Janiszewski (the Janiszewski program) and suggested that Polish mathematicians should concentrate on special branches of studies, including set theory, topology and mathematical logic. In this way, the foundations of mathematics became a legitimate part of mathematics. In particular, the foundational investigations should be conducted independently of philosophical assumptions and apply all mathematically accepted methods, finitary or not, and the same concerns other branches of mathematics. This scientific ideology contributed essentially to the remarkable development of logic, set theory and topology in Poland.
Effect of the KK1 peptide on immunological parameters in passively smoking pregnant rats and their offspring
Authors: Kuzmicheva Natalia A. , Mikhailova Irina V. , Pushkareva Lyudmila A. , Filippova Yulia V. , Bondarenko Anatolij I. , Sinegovets Angelina A. , Smolyagin Aleksandr I.
Published: September 2022

Currently, experimental studies are actively conducted to assess the effects of low-molecular-weight polypeptide mediators on the immune system, in order to design new immunomodulatory drugs. However, the specific effects of individual peptides on the immune system of experimental animals and their offspring remains insufficiently studied, thus requiring relevant research in this aspect. Our study evaluated the effect of the peptide homologue of the of adrenocorticotropic hormone fragment (15-18) (laboratory code, KК1) on immunological parameters of pregnant rats and their offspring using experimental models of passive maternal smoking exposure.
The immunological parameters were studied in 96 pregnant Wistar rats weighing 200-300 g, exposed to passive tobacco smoking and receiving a synthetic peptide KK1, which is a structural analogue of the ACTH15-18 sequence fragment (Acetyl-(D-Lys)-Lys-Arg-Arg-amide), as well as probable effect on their offspring tested on the 14th day after birth (76 rats). Experimental rats were fumigated with tobacco smoke for 8 hours daily from the 1st to the 20th day of pregnancy. Synthetic peptide KK1 was administered to pregnant rats in the form of an aqueous solution at a dose of 40 mcg / kg / day five times a day for 10 days. Weights of whole body, thymus and spleen were determined in all animals, the number of leukocytes, thymocytes, splenocytes, myelocaryocytes, circulating immune complexes were assessed in accordance with common protocols for experimental laboratory animals. The data were analyzed by MannWhitney U test. The significance level was set at p 0.05.
Administration of the KK1 peptide to both control and experimental pregnant rats was accompanied by multidirectional changes in the number of cells in lymphoid organs. The positive trend of shifts in immunological parameters when exposed to the peptide KK1 seems to be based on the possible reduction of the consequences of the toxic effect of tobacco smoke due to the anti-inflammatory effect of this drug, as well as its ability to limit the development of free radical reactions. It is shown that the studied peptide contributes to the positive dynamics of multiple immunological parameters in experimental animals subjected to passive smoking. Further studies are required to assess the mechanisms of immunotropic action of the ACTH15-18 peptide homologue.
In vitro evaluation of immunomodulatory activity of Bifidobacterium bifidum 791 in the cell model of innate and adaptive immunity
Authors: Kostolomova Elena G. , Timokhina Tatyana Kh. , Perunova Natalia B. , Polyanskikh Elizabeth D. , Sakharov Roman A. , Komarova Anastasia V.
Published: September 2022

Over recent decades, multiple data were accumulated on immunotropic activity of Bifidum flora, based on effects of these bacteria on isolated lymphoid follicles, dendritic cells, B-cell aggregates, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, as well as participation of bifidoflora in the recognition of non-self during the development of microsymbiocenosis. The relevance of research in the field is associated both with fundamental issues of human host/microbiota symbiosis, but also with the prospects of practical application of the knowledge gained towards design of probiotics that affect the immune system. This article presents the results concerning effects of supernatant and bacterial cells of Bifidobacterium bifidum 791 (B. bifidum 791) strain in the model of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MNCs). We used the reference strain B. bifidum 791 (Russian Collection of Industrial Microorganisms from the GosNII Genetika Federal State Enterprise, Deposition No. AS-1247), which is used in production of the probiotic drug Bifidumbacterin (CJSC Ecopolis, Kovrov). Mononuclear cells (MNCs) were isolated from peripheral blood of 20 healthy donors. MNCs were stained with monoclonal antibodies for CD4, CD8, CD3, CD25, CD69, CD56 (Beckman Coulter, USA). Analysis of the cellular subsets was performed by multicolor flow cytometry with Cytomics FC500 instrument (Beckman Coulter, USA). The experiments were carried out in duplicate. The studies have shown that probiotic strains have an activating and modulating effect upon immunocompetent cells. The studied B. bifidum 791 strain had an immunomodulatory effect on the cells of nonspecific and adaptive immunity: it increased the percentage of CD69+ cells in the subpopulation of CD3+CD8+T lymphocytes, CD69 (%) and CD25 (%) NK cells, and promoted activation of cytotoxic lymphocytes. The supernatant of bifidobacteria had a more pronounced effect on MNCs. E.g., it increased the expression of CD69 by Th cells, induced the expression of CD25 by T cytotoxic cells, and increased the CD69 and CD25 expression (%) by NK cells compared to B. bifidum 791 bacterial cells. These data contribute to understanding the mechanisms of immunoregulatory influence of normobiota (in the Bifidobacteria models) by formation of symbiotic interactions microbiota host and contribute to the development of a new research area, i.e., infectious symbiology. Further study of immunomodulatory activity of bifidoflora has the prospectives of searching and selection of Bifidobacteria strains, in order to create new targeted probiotic preparations.
Diagnostic efficacy of C-reactive protein and IL-6 as markers of systemic inflammation
Authors: Zhuravleva Yulia A. , Zotova Natalia V. , Solomatina Liliya V.
Published: September 2022

Currently, despite widespread use of the terms systemic inflammation (SI) and systemic inflammatory response (SIR), there are no generally accepted criteria for their verification. These processes are often identified (which is methodologically incorrect) and associated with an increase in pro-inflammatory mediators in the blood. However, SI is a complex process that requires integral criteria including assessment of SIR as reactivity level, and additional SI phenomena, such as microthrombosis, systemic alteration, and distress of the neuroendocrine system. At the same time, there is a need to assess individual CB indicators as a more affordable alternative for medical practice than the use of complex integral indicators. Our objective was to evaluate diagnostic efficacy of CRP and IL-6 levels as markers of acute and chronic systemic inflammation.

The data of patients with acute critical conditions of infectious and non-infectious genesis were analyzed to study acute systemic inflammation (SI), data of patients with autoimmune diseases, chronic organ failure and other chronic destructive diseases were analyzed to study chronic systemic inflammation (ChrSI). SIR severity was evaluated by the calculation of an integral index reactivity level (RL). Differentiation of the inflammatory process to either classical inflammation (CI), or systemic inflammation was carried out using the previously proposed scale of SI, verification of chronic systemic inflammation was performed by means of ChrSI scale. SI (or ChrSI) was revealed in all groups of patients, and the frequency of SI registration in patients with acute conditions increased with development of multi-organ failure. The frequency of SIR was higher in all groups, thus confirming inability to equate these disorders. ROC analysis showed that CRP level had poor diagnostic efficacy on the development of SI/ChrSI (AUC 0.6), and IL-6 level had very good diagnostic value (AUC 0.8-0.9). The prognostic value of the markers for detecting the SIR was higher, with AUCIL-6 exceeding AUCCRP. Thus, IL-6 in many acute and chronic pathologies is sufficiently closer to integral indices than C-reactive protein with respect to diagnostic efficiency, and the dynamics of IL-6 in blood may be used to predict and evaluate complications associated with acute and chronic SI, as well as to prescribe and monitor the results of anticytokine therapy.
An Ontology based Smart Management of Linguistic Knowledge
Authors: Neji Mariem , Ghorbel Fatma , Gargouri Bilel , Mimouni Nada , Metais Elisabeth
Published: September 2022

Natural language processing provides a very significant contribution to various application areas such as multilingual big data, information retrieval, data integration and multilingual web. However, handling linguistic knowledge to develop such lingware applications is a crucial issue, especially for linguistic novice users. To deal with this issue, a "smart" linguistic knowledge management may help the users to understand the meaning, scope and especially the use of related techniques and algorithms. In this paper, (1) we propose a semantic processing of linguistic knowledge based on a multilingual linguistic domain ontology, called LingOnto. Compared to related work, LingOnto does not only handles linguistic data, but also linguistic processing functionalities and linguistic processing features. Besides, it allows, via a reasoning engine, inferring new linguistic knowledge and assisting in the process of proposing lingware applications. This is particularly useful for novice users, but can also provide new perspectives for the expert ones. LingOnto covers the French, English and Arabic languages. (2) We propose also an assisted user friendly ontology visualization tool called LingGraph. It facilitates the interaction with LingOnto. It offers an easy to use interface for users not familiar with ontologies. It is based on a SPARQL pattern-based approach to allow a smart search interaction functionality to visualize only the ontological view corresponding to the user’s needs and preferences. In order to evaluate LingOnto, we apply it to a framework of identifying valid natural language processing pipelines. Finally, we give the results of the carried-out experiments.
Inference Systems with Corules for Combined Safety and Liveness Properties of Binary Session Types
Authors: Ciccone Luca , Padovani Luca
Published: September 2022

Many properties of communication protocols combine safety and liveness
aspects. Characterizing such combined properties by means of a single inference
system is difficult because of the fundamentally different techniques
(coinduction and induction, respectively) usually involved in defining and
proving them. In this paper we show that Generalized Inference Systems allow us
to obtain sound and complete characterizations of (at least some of) these
combined inductive/coinductive properties of binary session types. In
particular, we illustrate the role of corules in characterizing fair
termination (the property of protocols that can always eventually terminate),
fair compliance (the property of interactions that can always be extended to
reach client satisfaction) and fair subtyping, a liveness-preserving refinement
relation for session types. The characterizations we obtain are simpler
compared to the previously available ones and corules provide insight on the
liveness properties being ensured or preserved. Moreover, we can conveniently
appeal to the bounded coinduction principle to prove the completeness of the
provided characterizations.
A Case Study of Creative and Convergence Approach Arts-oriented Liberal Arts Curriculum Management Based on the Need for University Education Innovation
Authors: Jeong Ok-Hee
Published: September 2022

In overcoming the structural limitations of university education in the market economy system, this study was required to improve liberal arts education through the design and operation of an art-oriented liberal arts curriculum with a creative and convergent approach. To this end, first, the basis and examples of the need to improve university liberal arts education were examined through prior research on how the liberal arts curriculum system should be implemented to change the paradigm of university education in the digital era. As a methodical alternative to this, a case of curriculum operation was presented as an integrated or comprehensive learning practice to cultivate students' future design and necessary competencies through the design of an art-oriented liberal arts curriculum with a creative and convergent approach. The case of creative and convergent approach ‘Arts and Culture Planning’ liberal arts curriculum design and curriculum operation provides improvement measures through the application of customized teaching methods to foster students' actual career choices and era-required creative and convergence skills amid the current population decline and changes in the social environment after COVID-19.
The results of this study suggest that art-oriented liberal arts courses can play a role in opening possibilities for students when it comes to their career development in a way linked to their major. Such courses can also cultivate their aesthetic sensibility, appreciation for culture, and planning capabilities demanded by the times.
RESISTÊNCIA E DESCAMINHOS DO MOVIMENTO ESTUDANTIL LATINO-AMERICANO
Authors: Ribeiro Sales Ana Carolyna , Alves Santos Silmere
Published: September 2022

A proposta desse artigo é analisar a resistência e os descaminhos presentes na atuação do movimentos estudantis do Brasil, Chile e Colômbia no enfrentamento à mercantilização da educação. A pesquisa é do tipo exploratória, de natureza qualitativa, fundamentada em pesquisa bibliográfica e análise documental, cuja análise está referenciada no método materialista histórico-dialético. Embora o movimento estudantil esteja envolto pelas contradições da conjuntura neoliberal, reconhece-se o seu potencial como um espaço de luta política. É possível notar semelhanças na atuação dos movimentos estudantis supracitados, contudo, enquanto o movimento estudantil brasileiro parece ter abandonado as greves como instrumento de luta, estas se constituem como principal estratégia dos movimentos estudantis do Chile e Colômbia. Percebe-se ainda o uso das redes sociais como ferramenta de mobilização durante o movimento de ocupações, embora ainda de modo incipiente pelo movimento estudantil do Brasil. Avalia-se que a análise das estratégias dos movimentos estudantis latino-americanos pode favorecer a compreensão dos desafios e das possibilidades para a sua atuação, de modo a contribuir com a definição de possíveis estratégias de enfrentamento à mercantilização da educação.
POLÍTICA DE SAÚDE DA POPULAÇÃO NEGRA, SERVIÇO SOCIAL E RACISMO INSTITUCIONAL
Authors: Nascimento de Lima Rodrigo Felipe , Da Costa Isabelly Pinto
Published: September 2022

O artigo estrutura-se a partir da interpretação da Política Nacional de Saúde Integral da População Negra (PNSIPN), realçando sua relevância na construção de estratégias políticas que contribuem para o embate ao racismo institucional no Brasil. Nesse contexto, o objetivo do artigo é mostrar como a discussão desta política de saúde, de sua forma de operação, introduz elementos essenciais contra as fragilidades e desigualdades que revogam o acesso da população negra aos serviços de saúde pública. Dessa forma, o presente artigo utiliza como metodologia a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental com abordagem histórica e qualitativa a partir do recurso às categorias do método histórico-dialético. E tem-se, pois, como resultado que a articulação desta política imbrica com as respostas oferecidas pelo Serviço Social no debate da questão étnico-racial na busca permanente por uma cultura antirracista e que revela uma importante estratégia para a promoção e pela garantia ao direito à saúde da população negra.
Role Of Ultrasound For The Diagnosis Of Complications Of Dengue Fever In Gujrat
Authors: Islam Mahnoor , Afsar Rehan , Ali Abid , Haider Naqvi Faizan
Published: September 2022

Background : The purpose of this study is to evaluate if ultrasonography may be used as an useful addition to clinical and radiology profiles in diagnosing dengue fever and predicting virus severity by comparing imaging findings. The difference in sonographic characteristics observed in patients of various ages was also investigated.

Objective : The goal of this study is to determine role of ultrasound for diagnosis of complications of dengue fever in Gujrat

Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study. From October and December 2021, 79 patients who were serologically confirmed with dengue fever were referred for ultrasound scanning of the abdomen at Aziz bhatti shaheed hospital Gujrat, and the imaging data were evaluated. The statistical kit for social science (spss) is used for data analysis.

Results:  out of 76 positive dengue patients there are 71(89.9%) male and 8(10%) are female .48 (60.8%) patients showed splenomegaly, 24(30%) patients showed ascites in which 8 (10%) have pelvic ascites and 16 (20.3%) abdominal ascites, 63 (79.7%) patients showed edematous GB wall thickening, 21(26.6%) showed pleural effusion while 18 (22.8 %) have bilateral pleural effusion and 3 (3.8%) have right sided. 

Conclusion: In patients presenting with fever and concomitant symptoms, sonographic signs of thickening GB wall, pleural effusion (bilateral or right side), ascites, and splenomegaly should strongly help in early diagnosis of dengue fever, especially during an outbreak.
Study of Culture and Media as Solutions for Resolving Beggers and Street Children in Bandarlampung City
Authors:   Department of Communication, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, University of Lampung
Published: September 2022

The purpose of the study was to analyze cultural and media studies as a way to resolve the sustainability of beggars and street children in Bandar Lampung City, Indonesia. There were 24 informants involved in this study, consisting of community leaders, academics, beggars and street children. The data consists of: interviews, observations and literature review. Data analysis uses several stages, namely: collecting data, classifying data, and concluding. The results of the study are the causes of the existence of beggars and street children are: poverty, child exploitation, people who give money to beggars and street children, movement of people from villages to cities, unhealthy mentality, Bandarlampung City Government has not been maximal in implementing Regional Regulation No. 3 2010. One of the solutions is to increase understanding of local wisdom and empower the media as a channel to convey messages to beggars and street children, and to people who give money/goods to beggars.
Development of Application-Based Field Tennis Training Model
Authors:   Department of Sport Science, Yogyakarta State University, Yogyakarta Indonesia
Published: September 2022

This study aims to produce a model product for tennis tactics training in the form of an application and to determine the feasibility of a model guide for tennis tactics training models. This research is development research using a development research model. Validation is carried out by experts in their fields with material experts and media experts. The trial consists of small-scale trials and large-scale trials. Subjects who participated in this study amounted to 20 samples. The result of this research is to create a field tennis tactics training model that is developed and packaged in the form of an application. The tactical training model developed is classified as "very feasible" based on the results of validation carried out by material experts, media experts, and assessments from coaches and players. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the developed tactical training model is feasible to use.
Contrasts between Political Appeal and Good Governance Trajectories
Authors:   American University of Armenia, Republic of Armenia
Published: September 2022

This is a longitudinal case study that applies pattern-matching analytical techniques to explain the highly contextualized phenomena of the ‘Velvet Revolution’ and to establish dominant themes and comparative patterns that have influenced the policy and governance agenda of Armenia since May 2018. The research sets out with questions on the message embedded within the ‘Velvet Revolution’ and the extent to which it corresponds to the policy objectives and expressed outcomes that the government aims to accomplish. It then investigates the policy priorities and governance agenda that Pashinyan proposed to achieve during his tenure as prime minister of Armenia, weighed against the message he transmitted as activist, politician and protest leader, and the consequent deportment he assumed in order to build and sustain public appeal and trust. This article presents findings from the analysis of collected data pertaining to the period May 2018 through August 2019.
Risk and Risk Management in the Public Sector : A Theoretical Contribution
Authors:   PhD, Mohamed I University, Morocco
Published: September 2022

All public and private sector organizations are vulnerable to internal and external integrity risks, such as fraud and corruption and others. In the absence of mechanisms to identify, analyze and manage these risks, they can have negative consequences such as economic losses, security applications and reputational applications. In turn, these impacts can erode citizens' trust in public services and trust in government. In order to preserve the integrity of public sector organizations, effective risk management systems are essential, especially in high-risk areas, such as financial management, information technology, fraud and corruption among others. in a context characterized by an uncertain organizational environment. By adopting a risk-based approach, public sector organizations can apply laudable controls that strengthen oversight, without unduly burdening the organization or impairing efficiency. At the same time, it can reduce the perception of excessive control burden among staff and thus reinforce their full commitment to integrity. The objective of our article is to define new concepts relating to the study of risk and risk management in the public sector.
EFFECTIVENESS OF VIDEO ASSISTED TEACHING MODULE (VATM) ON KNOWLEDGE OF OLDER ADULTS REGARDING PREVENTION OF SELECTED GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS OF GERIATRICS IN A SELECTED OLD AGE HOME AT TIRUNELVELI
Authors: s Mrs. Vanitha. , kaur Dr. Paramjit
Published: September 2022

Ageing is accompanied by several changes in the gastrointestinal (GI) system and older adults frequently present with GI problems. Ageing is a time of numerous illnesses and common disability. The most common health problems seen in all the elderly people are gastrointestinal disorders such as Gastro esophageal reflux disease, constipation, dyspepsia and peptic ulcer. A quantitative approach with pre experimental - one group pre and posttest research design was used to conduct the study.