bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mezofilik ve Termofilik Anaerobik Çürütmenin Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemleri ile Fayda, Maliyet ve Risk Açısından Karşılaştırılması
Authors: ADAR Elanur
Published: September 2020

Anaerobik çürütme atıkların stabilizasyonunu,
kütle/hacim azaltımını ve aynı zamanda yenilebilir enerjisi üretimini
sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı çevresel uygulama olan ve yaygın şekilde de
atık/atıkların arıtımı için tam ölçekli olarak kullanılan anaerobik çürütmenin
mezofilik mi yoksa termofilik şartlarda işletimi mi daha öncelikli olduğunu
fayda, maliyet ve risk açısından belirlemektir. Bu yöntemlerden en etkin
yöntemin seçilmesinde ele alınacak fayda, maliyet ve risk ana kriterleri için
alt kriterler de belirlenerek, AHP ve TOPSİS yöntemleri ile karar verilmeye
çalışılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda her bir ana kriter açısından alternatifler
değerlendirildiğinde fayda kriteri için T-AÇ, maliyet kriteri için M-AÇ ve risk
kriteri için T-AÇ’ye karar verilmiştir. Tüm kriterler beraber ele alındığında
ise fayda, maliyet ve risk açısından en iyi yöntemin termofilik anaerobik
çürütme olduğu söylenebilir.
Toz Metalürjisi Yöntemi ile Üretilen Cu-Sn/Ni Kompozitinin Elektriksel İletkenliğine Isıl İşlemin Etkileri
Authors: YILDIZ Tülay , KATI Nida , BOZKURT Nafiz
Published: September 2020

Bu çalışmada, Cu-Sn alaşımına % 3 oranında Ni elementi ilave edilerek farklı sıcaklık ve basınçta, sabit sürede sıcak presleme yöntemi ile yeni matris malzemeler üretilmiştir. Cu ve alaşımları elektrik kontak malzemesi olarak geniş bir kullanım alanına sahiptir. Bu amaçla, Cu alaşımlarına ergime derecesi yüksek metal partikülleri ilave edilmiştir. Daha sonra ısıl işlem uygulanarak, üretilen malzemenin mekanik özellikleri arttırılmıştır. Böylece, malzemenin yüksek mukavemetli elektrik kontaklarında kullanılabilirliği araştırılmıştır. Elektrik kontaklarında gerçekleşen "aç-kapa" işlemleri ve ortaya çıkan arklar, pekleşme etkisi ve yeniden kristalleşme özelliklerini meydana getirmektedir. Bu etkiler göz önüne alınarak, çalışmamızda üretilen numuneler, pekleşme ve yeniden kristalleşme ısıl işlemlerine tabi tutulmuştur. Bu ısıl işlemlerin üretilen malzemelere ait mikroyapı, sertlik ve elektriksel iletkenlik özellikleri üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir. Yüzde iletkenlik, bütün numunelerde %50 değerinin üzerinde elde edilmiş ve üretilen kompozitin iletken malzeme olarak sorunsuz bir şekilde kullanılabilir olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Translated By A. K. Harmonious
Authors: Harmonious A. K.
Published: September 2020

After the demonstration of Several Frank and Ktschau drugs, Pelzer's message followed: On the prevention of artificial preterm birth by intrauterine injection of glycerol.
About the inflexibility of the uterine cervix during childbirth.
Authors: Maygrier Jacques-Pierre
Published: September 2020

The author had to observe a pregnant woman, undoubtedly suffering from syphilis, shortly before her birth.
To the doctrine of extrauterine pregnancy (fetal attachment to a fibrous tumor)
Authors: Soloviev А. N.
Published: September 2020

On February 5 of this year, I was invited by Mr. doctors S.O. Mankovsky and N.A. Skvortsov for advice on one case of extrauterine pregnancy. The day before, that is, on February 4, the patient, the officer's wife, Mrs. X., had internal bleeding, after which she developed acute anemia with loss of pulse and fainting. Thanks to the adopted by Mr. Doctors marry, the patient's pulse appeared and at 3 o'clock in the morning he kept at the known altitude from 120-130 to 1 m. I saw the patient at about 1 pm. She was anemic, the outer covers had a yellowish tint, the visible mucous membrane was almost blessing in color, the pulse was extremely weak filling, about 130 in 1 m. The abdomen was very swollen, painful when touched. With internal examination, the posterior fornix is ​​somewhat tense, the uterus is sluggish, open. From its cavity, blood is exuded in small patches of tissue similar to decidua. The patient in consciousness, complains of a feeling of embarrassment in the chest, nausea and thirst.
Meeting of obstetric and gynecological societies. Protocol No. 13
Authors: Slavianskiy K. F.
Published: September 2020

There was an honorary member of the Academy A. If. Krassovsky, 37 members: Batsevich, Bidder, Blonsky, Viridarsky, Gavronsky, Hermonius, Danilovich, Dobradin, Dobrovolsky V. N., Dranitsyn, Zheltukhin, Zabolotsky, Zamshin, Zmigrodsky, lichkus, Martsynkevich, Massen, Mersh, Misevich, Ott, Polonsky, Porshnyakov, Rachinsky, Rodzevich, Ruzi, Rutkovsky, Salmanov, Stelmakhovich, Stravinsky, Strogonov, Fischer A. R., Chagin, Shverdlov, Stoll, Stolz, Eichfus, Yanpolsky and 25 guests.
V. V. Tipyakov. A case of excrement in extrauterine pregnancy. (Medical Review. 1893, No. 3).
Authors: Krasnopolskiy F.
Published: September 2020

On February 24, 1893, a bourgeois woman, 27 years old, was admitted to the hospital, almost pulseless, at t 40 C., with complaints of dizziness, severe pain in the lower abdomen, bloody discharge from the genital parts during the last month, and so on. From the spread, it turned out that she gave birth once at the age of 20; after giving birth was sick 3 months. 21/2 months ago, the regulations stopped, pain in the lower abdomen appeared, and afterwards bloody effusion from the genitals joined; 2 days before admission to the hospital, bleeding appeared, the patient lost strength. Objectively: the abdomen is sore at the bottom, the left groin area is swollen; the uterus is enlarged, dense, sensitive, almost immobile; the length of the uterine cavity is 8 cm. The vaults are flattened. The left tube and ovary are palpated in the form of a solid tumor with an unclear fluctuation. On the right and behind the uterus, the tumor is dense, immobile, eat the head of the newborn. - Diagnosis: extrauterine pregnancy, rupture of the fetal baby.
(Société Obstétricale de France, séance du 5 avril. Semaine Médicale, № 21, 1893). About the so-called full presentation of the child's place
Authors: Sheinis L.
Published: September 2020

The author cited 40 cases of placentae praeviae completae observed in Paris hospitals. The autopsy results (8 of them were performed, of which 4 were performed by the author himself or in his presence) and clinical examination prove that a complete or central presentation of placentae undoubtedly exists. In such cases, the cervix turns out to be, contrary to expectations, a little tense, probably due to extreme vascularity, so that ruptures of the cervix during childbirth constitute a completely exceptional phenomenon. Prediction in placenta pravia completa is extremely unfavorable for the mother, but even more for the child: the mortality rate is 80% for children and 35% for mothers. The author considers cervical-vaginal tamponation, which can be done, by the way, by means of various kinds of balloons, as the best solution for treatment.
V. Zhemchuzhnikov. A case of long-term retention of the fetal head in the uterine cavity after decapitation. (Protocol of the meeting of the obstetric-gynecological society in Kiev; year 5, volume 5. Issues 9 and 10)
Authors: Krasnopolskiy F.
Published: September 2020

The author gives a detailed history of a patient suffering from a tumor emanating from the region of the sacral bone, the size of a child's head, dense fibrous consistency, so much narrowed the anterior-posterior size of the pelvis that the last one was barely 2 - ctm. Due to such a contraction, at the 6th birth, the subsequent head could not be removed, and, after decapitation, was left in the uterine cavity; three months later, the patient was admitted to the clinic of prof. Rake, and in the continuation of this time the bones of the skull of the detained head were arbitrarily protruded, which was accompanied by a feverish state.
Länderer. Eine seltene Form von Missbildung des Uterus. (Zeitsch. f. Geb. u. Gyn. XXIV В. I H). Rare form of uterine malformation
Authors: Pekarskaya A.
Published: September 2020

The patient, 23 years old, who never had menstruation, suffered from molimina menst. For 4 years, which have recently become stronger and more prolonged. The external organs and the vagina are normal, the neck goes up, forward and to the right, on the left above the neck there is a dense cord with a thickness of a finger, 3 cm long, going, gradually thinning, towards the left ovary, the size of a chicken egg; on the right in the ligament, a solid formation is felt, the size of a bob; the right ovary is dense, not enlarged, at the pelvic wall.
Collection of works on obstetrics and women's diseases, dedicated to prof. K.O. Slavyansky by his students in the 25th anniversary of his medical and scientific activity
Authors: Kakushkin N.
Published: September 2020

Published by A.R. Fisher. SPb., 1894, 2 parts, XXXVІІІ + 629 pages and 369 pages.When the thought arises of honoring a person who has worked for the well-known period of time in the scientific field, then there can be no talk about the advantages of any other gift adapted to the celebration, like the one that lies before us. In this collection of feasible works, one cannot look for personal feelings and worship, alien to scientific indifference; The feasible works of the collection serve only to express respect and devotion to the scientific foundations and goals, among which the activity of the hero of the occasion proceeded. For the last day, therefore, such a gift should be the most desirable, the most pleasant.
R.K. Yanovskiy. About laparotomy in private practice. (Proceedings of the Society of Minsk Doctors, for 1892-93 Minsk. 1893, p. 18)
Authors: Kakushkin N.
Published: September 2020

The author is skeptical about the fear of many modern surgeons who perform gluttony, the air and everything that is in the operating room at the time of the operation, although there is no contact with the wound controversy. In his opinion, the care of some surgeons to arrange their gluttons to the extreme strictly, in relation to the environment, is unnecessary. He himself operates in a private house. (unfortunately, there are no detailed instructions regarding the situation of his womb. Ref.).
A. Bogaevskiy. The meaning of maternity benefits in connection with antiseptics and asepsis. (Zemsky Doctor, 1894, No. 13-14)
Authors: Rachinskiy N.
Published: September 2020

The article presents the rch pronounced in the annual meeting of the Society of Kremenchug doctors.
Goenner. Das Verhältniss des Schädels der Mutter zu dem des Kindes und dessen geburtshilfliche Bedeutung mit gleichzeitiger Berichsichtigung des mutterlichen Beckens. (Zeitschrift f. Geb. und Gyn., XXVIII Bd., 2 Hft). The ratio of the mother's skull to the fetal skull and the obstetric value of this ratio in connection with the size of the maternal pelvis
Authors: Khazan S. Y.
Published: September 2020

The fact established by clinical observations that very often women with such sizes of the pelvis, which are considered to be pathological, childbirth proceed completely spontaneously, involuntarily raises the question of whether these persons belong to these other races and whether they give birth to children with a different head shape.
From the Bacteriological Laboratory prof. Afanasyev at the Clinical Institute of the Grand Duchess Elena Pavlovna. Obtained by means of a samovar of sterilized water for aseptic operations.
Authors: Stroganov V. V.
Published: September 2020

In recent years, there has been an increasing and widespread use of the aseptic material. It is accepted by surgeons, gynecologists during operations, it is accepted by obstetricians during childbirth and during obstetric operations. At the same time, the extraction of sterilized water is of great importance, which, in some operations, requires a large amount. Surgeons try to work without irrigation, according to the so-called dry method (Laderr'a), in which the separation from the wound is removed with sterilized cotton balls.
Meeting of obstetric and gynecological societies. Protocol number 18. The meeting of the 30th December 1893
Authors: Ott D. O.
Published: September 2020

The chairman was D.O. Ott.38 members were present: Batsevich, Bullyaev, Vasten, Weber, Viridarskiy, Danilovich, Dobronravov, Dranitsin, Zheltukhin, Zabolotskiy, Zamshin, Zmigrodskiy, Kakushkin, Lichkus, Martsynkevich, Massinikov, Petrov, O. Rachinskiy, Rein, Ruzi, Rymsha, Savchenko, Sokolovskiy, Stelmakhovich, Stravinskiy, Strogonov, Fedorov, Fenomenov, Fisher A.R., Shverdlov, Shuttenbakh, Eichfus, and 45 guests.
Meeting of obstetric and gynecological societies. (ninth year). Protocol No. III. Administrative arrest on March 24, 1894
Authors: Ott D. O.
Published: September 2020

D.O. Ott chaired.38 members were present.1) Chitan and approved protocol No. II.2) Revision commission from members of A.L. Eberman, I.V. Chernysheva and E.F. Batsevich, reported to the Society that, during the audit of the cash register, the last one was found by them in full order.All those present thanked the treasurer, N.I. Stravinsky, with long and friendly applause for the constantly exemplary conduct of the Society.
Robert Müllerheim. Die Symphyseotomie. (Volkmann's Sammlung klinischer Vorträge, No. 91, 1894). Symphysiotomy
Authors: Dimant E.
Published: September 2020

The author set himself the task of examining all objections to symphysiotomy and determining what place in obstetrics should be allocated to this operation.The mobility of the pelvic joints has been proven by many studies, and now it can hardly be denied. However, in view of the large difference in judgments about the frequencies and the degree of this mobility, the author tried to make up his own opinion on this matter.
Pagenstecher. Eine feste Stütze zu dem Sänger’schen und anderen beweglichen Beinhaltern. (Centralblatt für Gynekologie, No. 2, 1894). Strong support for movable foot holders Sänger'a and others
Authors: Stroganov V.
Published: September 2020

The author notes the following shortcomings of commonly used leg holders:1) Pressure on the lower abdomen, sometimes produced by the transverse connecting bar of the leg holder.2) Possibility of lateral movements of the patient, during the operation.
Bensinger. Schambeinschnitt ohne Knochennaht. (Centralblatt für Gynäkologie, No. 7, 1894). Symphysiotomy without bone suture
Authors: Stroganov V.
Published: September 2020

The author describes a case of symphysisotomy, without the use of a bone suture, which proceeded completely safely.The lig was not cut during the operation lig. arcuatum, but when the child was removed, it ruptured and the edges of the pubic bones parted to 6 cm. The child was extracted with forceps, alive. On the wound, 5 sutures were placed on the fascia and on the soft part, and anodoform drainage was carried out into the lower corner of the wound.
Schauta. lieber die Indikationen, die Technik und die Erfolge der Adnexoperationen. (Deutsche med. Wochenschr., 1894, No. 5, S. 97). On indications, technique and outcomes of operations on the appendages
Authors: Kakushkin N.
Published: September 2020

Among 6314 gynecological patients of the author, there were 1130 with inflammatory diseases of the appendages, which is 17.8%. Recognition of these diseases is not easy. The author, by the way, is guided, according to Martin, by thickening of the istmus of the pipe, as a sign of inflammation of the pipe. Recognition of the properties of the contents of the pipe before the operation is almost impossible; anamnestic indications and the nature of the complaints in such cases do not matter.
Roettinger. Hyperemesis gravidarum. (Aertzliche Rundschau, 1894, no. 11, p. 163). Excessive vomiting of pregnant women
Authors: Kakushkin N.
Published: September 2020

Speaking generally about this disease, the author describes in detail his case concerning a second pregnant 32 years old, who fell ill with vomiting on the third month of pregnancy. Of the local pathological phenomena in the patient, only erosions of the cervix were found, which were easily cured.
Krohl. Klinische Beobachtungen über die Einwirkung einzelner Mutterkornpräparate (speciell des Cornutin) auf den Verlauf des Wochenbettes. (Archiv für Gynaekologie, Bd. XLV, Hft. 1). Clinical observation of the effect of some drugs from Secale cornutum, special cornutin, during the maternity period
Authors: Khazan A.
Published: September 2020

Having made comparative observations on a whole row, in equally favorable conditions, the puerperas, from whom one did not receive anything, the other ergotin, and the third, finally, cornutin-Kbert (8 mg. Pro dosi 2 cg. Pro die), K. could be convinced of the undoubted action of this the last means for the earliest possible reverse development of the uterus. Thus, it has been confirmed, already established by other authors, that many of this preparation are included as the only unmistakable component of the uterine horns.
To the casuistry of perforating the uterus of the patient herself in order to induce an abortion
Authors: Chernomordik-Ginzburg M.
Published: September 2020

Dr. Piotrovich's trial prompts me to report the following case from my practice:On May 13, 1889, I was invited to the Dudu K-shianz, the wife of a small greenery merchant. The patient complained of severe abdominal pains, mainly at the bottom, bleeding, vomiting, headache and weakness. Anamnesis of the following: married 5 years, has 3 children, last one 1 year 3 months. Always healthy, she fell ill only 3 days ago with bleeding after she fell down the stairs. Regulations always come correctly, after a month, last 5 days, are not abundant and not painful; while breastfeeding all children she was menstruating all the time: the last regulations ended a week ago. Before me, another doctor was invited, who was told the same anamnesis as me, but since the patient refused to be examined by a man, he prescribed her hydrastis canadensis for now, in view of significant bleeding, and did not visit her again.
Report on the maternity ward of Odessa city hospital, 1893
Authors: Razumovsky M. I.
Published: September 2020

Offering the attention of comrades a report on the maternity ward of the Odessa City Hospital for 1893 and having in mind to publish such reports annually, I think it is not without interest to preface a few words about the internal structure of this department and about the procedures established during the birth of a woman in childbirth and birth in period.
From the notice of the Council of Doctors of the Kazan Provincial Zemsky Hospital on June 3, 1894
Authors: Lviv I. M.
Published: September 2020

1) Dr. I. M. Lvov showed a 10-year-old girl, whom he performed gluttonous surgery 4 weeks ago for tuberculous peritonitis. The patient was transferred to his department with the already established diagnosis. The little girl was very weak, there was swelling of the whole body and significant ascites; the urine is normal, the lungs are healthy - the tuberculosis bacillus was not found in the sputum, as well as in the ascitic fluid, which was released in 3 weeks before the day 1000 grams. This liquid was neutral, beats. in. 1020, yellowish-turbid, contained white and red blood corpuscles and endothelial cells, no bacillus was found in it either.
M. Lebensbaum. Prrypadek tezca pologowego. (Medycyna, no. 16, 94). A case of tetanus in the postpartum period
Authors: Polonsky B.
Published: September 2020

Living in Warsaw, a 23-year-old married woman who was not in good health, but who never suffered any serious illnesses before marriage, got married at the age of 17. A year later, she gave birth and was ill with postpartum fever. 18 months later, she gave birth again and was sick for half a year (septic parameter). 2 years ago I gave birth for the third time. Due to severe bleeding, the afterbirth was removed artificially, the postpartum period was normal. Last childbirth on March 9 of the current year. The patient felt well for the first two days.
Александръ Яворовскій. Полное выпаденіе матки и рукава. Надвлагалищная ампутація маточной шейки. Заднее и переднее искусственное зарощеніе рукава. (Medycyna,№ 23, 94)
Authors: Polonsky B.
Published: September 2020

The author demonstrated the patient before and after the completion of her operation in the Lubel Society of Physicians for the sake of the rare extraordinary size and volume of the parts that fell out. A 30-year-old unmarried woman who has never given birth is engaged in heavy physical labor, to which she attributes her real suffering. The duration of the disease is 5 years. Menstruated from the 16th year of life is always correct. Half a year ago, there were constant blood loss from the ulcerated places of the fallen out sleeves and the outer surface of the vaginal part.
Bronislav Savitsky. A case of perineal rupture in a newborn girl. (Gazeta lekarska, no. 32, 1894)
Authors: Polonsky B.
Published: September 2020

As often as the mentioned disability occurs in women during childbirth, it is so rare to observe it in newborns, so that even in the extensive manuals of pediatric surgery, (for example, Die chirurgische Erkrankungen des Kindesalters, Schnborn Demme etc. des Kindesalters, Schnborn Demme etc. des Kindesalters, Schnborn Demme etc. des Krank , Karewski, 1894) is not mentioned at all. On October 31, 1893, the author had a chance to treat a 4-week-old girl suffering from urinary and fecal incontinence.
Meeting of obstetric and gynecological societies. Protocol No. 8. Meeting on December 22, 1894
Authors: Ott D. O.
Published: September 2020

D.O. Ott chaired.Attended by: honorary member A. Ya. Krasovskiy, 30 members Baskin, Butchik, Vasten, Verter, Berninskiy, Viridarskiy, Gess, Danilovich, Dimant, Dranitsyn, Zheltukhin, Zabolotskiy, Zamshinazich, Zmigrodskiy, Makhrodovskiy, Porshnyakov, Rachinskiy, Rutkovskiy, Rymsha, Savchenko, Salmanov, Stelmakhovich, Stravinskiy, Frank, Chagin, Chernevskiy and 12 guests.
Meeting of obstetric and gynecological societies. Protocol No. VIII. Administrative appointment on December 22, 1894
Authors: Ott D. O.
Published: September 2020

D.O. Ott chaired.30 members were present.

Protocol No. VII has been read and approved.

The Chairman stated that the Board, on behalf of the Society, congratulated Mr. N. I. Stravinsky, Treasurer of the Society, on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of his medical activity. All those present responded to this statement with prolonged, long-lasting applause. N. I. Stravinsky thanked the Society for the attention paid to him.

The following letter of the Obstetric-Gynecological Society in Kiev was read:
A few notes about the research of women in labor per rectum based on 25 cases of personal observations
Authors: Anufriev A. A.
Published: September 2020

Die einfhrung der rectalen inneren Untersuchung in die Hebammenpraxis ist eine Bankrotterklrung der besthender Desinfections vorschriften.

Snger.

While in surgery and operative gynecology, asepsis has already triumphed over antiseptics, in obstetrics, thanks to the special features of this science and the more complex organization of obstetrics, we are going through a transitional era.
About abdominal drainage
Authors: Gubarev A. P.
Published: September 2020

The question of the use of drainage during operations on the abdominal cavity is far from complete, and the indication for its application and removal is subject to varied interpretations. Achieving unity in views on this issue would be highly desirable: it would indicate the greater accuracy of our practical knowledge of this powerful and reasonable surgical approach.
A. Redlikh. A case of radical surgery for hernia of the white line during pregnancy. (Protocol of the meeting of the Obstetric and Gynecological Society in Kiev, book 7, 1894, p. 153)
Authors: Kakushkin N.
Published: September 2020

A 39-year-old pregnant woman, for 3 months, has a tumor in the navel area of 39.5 cm. in the circle of the base. The skin of the tumor (hernia) is thinned; the hernia is not reparable. During the operation (cut along the white line), it turned out that the contents of the hernia were intestinal loops and an omentum.
Beuttner. Zur Frage der Einleitung der künstlichen Fruhgeburt bei Beckenenge .— (Arch. F. Gynäkologie. Bd. VIII, Hft. 2) .— On the question of artificial premature birth with a narrow pelvis
Authors: Khazan S. Y.
Published: September 2020

Based on the results achieved in the Berne Clinic, B. advocates the initiation of artificial premature births with a narrow pelvis, as one of the most beneficial obstetric operations. According to the author's opinion, neither the anamnesis of the previous labor, nor the absolute degree of pelvic narrowness play a significant role here, and the indication for the operation should be set only after orientation regarding the degree of discrepancy between the fetal head and the size of the pelvis.
Laparoskopik Total Ekstraperitoneal Herniorafi veya Lichtenstein Herniorafi operasyonu geçiren hastaların izlem sonuçlarının karşılaştırılması
Authors: BOLAT Hacı , KOCAÖZ Servet
Published: September 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışma, laparoskopik total ekstraperitoneal herniorafi veya Lichtenstein herniorafiyle yöntemlerinden birisiyle inguinal herni operasyonu geçiren hastaların izlem sonuçlarının karşılaştırılması amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu karşılaştırmalı tanımlayıcı araştırmaya, kasık fıtığı nedeniyle laparoskopik total ekstraperitoneal herniorafi (n=159) veya Lichtenstein herniorafi (n = 159) yöntemlerinden birisiyle opere olan 318 hasta çalışmaya alındı. Postoperatif komplikasyonlar, istirahat ve efor sonrası ağrı düzeyleri, hastanede kalış ve işe dönüş süresi, nüks oranları, yara iyileşmesi, skar miktarı, ameliyattan memnuniyet ve genel sağlık durumu gibi karşılaştırmalarda kullanılan araştırmanın verileri, “Hasta tanıtıcı özellikler bilgi formu” ve “Herniorafi Değerlendirme Formu” kullanılarak toplandı. Bulgular: TEP ve LH hastaları için ortalama takip süresi sırasıyla 6.67 ± 2.95 ve 4.23 ± 3.06 yıldı. TEP ameliyatı olan hastaların ameliyat sonrası işe başlama süresi daha kısaydı ve ameliyat sonrası skar gelişimi daha. TEP grubunda LH grubundan seroma gelişimi daha fazla görülürken, parestezinin daha az görüldüğü, kalıcı his kaybının ise hiç görülmediği saptandı.TEP onarımı yapılan hastalar LH onarımı yapılanlardan kendilerini daha sağlıklı hissettikleri saptandı.Sonuç: TEP fıtık onarım yönteminde, daha fazla seroma ve hematom oluşumuna rağmen, TEP onarımının LH onarımına göre daha az parestezi ve kalıcı sinir hasarı sonuçlarına sahip olduğu bulunmuştur. TEP inguinal herni onarımı iyice öğrenildiğinde nüks gelişmesi açısından LH herniorafi yöntemiyle benzer sonuçlar elde edilebilir.
Use of CHA2DS2-VASc score in patients with stable angina pectoris with slow flow detected in coronary angiography
Authors: KÖSEOĞLU Cemal , ZORLU Çağrı
Published: September 2020

Purpose: Coronary slow flow (CSF) phenomenon is the slow movement of contrast to distal vascular structures during coronary angiography. Eventhough It has a high morbidity due to recurrent chest pain and different ischemic presentations, it is linked to coronary artery diseases (myocardial ischemia symptoms, life-threatening arrhythmias, recurrent acute coronary syndromes and sudden cardiac death). CHA2DS2-VASc score is a total of several risk factors for thromboembolism. Impaired renal function was shown to be a predictor of stroke and systemic embolism. We aimed to evaluate the CHA2DS2-VASc score to predict coronary slow flow.Materials and Methods: Of the 3772 patients who applied to Tokat State Hospital with the diagnosis of stable angina pectoris (SAP) were screened retrospectively. A total of 71 patients with angiographically proven CSF and to meet the age characteristics of the CSF group, 84 patients who were completely normal coronary arteries (NCA) in the control group (n = 84) were screened and total of 155 patients were included in the study.Results: Patients were classiﬁed into two groups: the CSF group (n=71) and the NCA group (n=84). When the characteristics of the CSF and control groups were compared, age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, gender were similar. According to the results of the multivariate regression analysis, CHA2DS2-VASc score was an independent predictor (odds ratio: 1.872, 95 % CI: 0.849-1.981, p<0.001)Conclusion: CHA2DS2-VASc score can be very useful in this regard as an easily applicable instrument. CHA2DS2-VASc score is independent indicators of CSF and can be used to predict CSF risk.
A Two-Scale Preparation Phase Preceded an Mw 5.8 Earthquake in the Sea of Marmara Offshore Istanbul, Turkey
Authors: Durand Virginie , Bentz Stephan , Kwiatek Grzegorz , Dresen Georg , Wollin Christopher , Heidbach Oliver , Martínez-Garzòn Patricia , Cotton Fabrice , Nurlu Murat , Bohnhoff Marco
Published: September 2020

We analyze the spatiotemporal evolution of seismicity during a sequence of moderate (an Mw 4.7 foreshock and Mw 5.8 mainshock) earthquakes occurring in September 2019 at the transition between a creeping and a locked segment of the North Anatolian fault in the central Sea of Marmara, northwest Turkey. To investigate in detail the seismicity evolution, we apply a matched-filter technique to continuous waveforms, thus reducing the magnitude threshold for detection. Sequences of foreshocks preceding the two largest events are clearly seen, exhibiting two different behaviors: a long-term activation of the seismicity along the entire fault segment and a short-term concentration around the epicenters of the large events. We suggest a two-scale preparation phase, with aseismic slip preparing the mainshock final rupture a few days before, and a cascade mechanism leading to the nucleation of the mainshock. Thus, our study shows a combination of seismic and aseismic slip during the foreshock sequence changing the strength of the fault, bringing it closer to failure.
Towards Unifying Grounded and Distributional Semantics Using the
Words-as-Classifiers Model of Lexical Semantics
Authors: Black Stacy
Published: September 2020

Automated systems that make use of language, such as personal assistants, need some
means of representing words such that 1) the representation is computable and 2) captures
form and meaning. Recent advancements in the field of natural language processing have
resulted in useful approaches to representing computable word meanings. In this thesis,
I consider two such approaches: distributional embeddings and grounded models. Distributional
embeddings are represented as high-dimensional vectors; words with similar meanings tend
to cluster together in embedding space. Embeddings are easily learned using large amounts
of text data. However, embeddings suffer from a lack of "real world" knowledge; for example,
the knowledge of identifying colors or objects as they appear. In contrast to embeddings,
grounded models learn a mapping between language and the physical world, such as visual
information in pictures. Grounded models, however, tend to focus only on the mapping between
language and the physical world and lack the knowledge that could be gained from considering
abstract information found in text.

In this thesis, I evaluate wac2vec, a model that brings together grounded and distributional
semantics to work towards leveraging the relative strengths of both, and use empirical analysis
to explore whether wac2vec adds semantic information to traditional embeddings. Starting with
the words-as-classifiers (WAC) model of grounded semantics, I use a large repository of images
and the keywords that were used to retrieve those images. From the grounded model, I extract
classifier coefficients as word-level vector embeddings (hence, wac2vec), then combine those
with embeddings from distributional word representations. I show that combining grounded embeddings
with traditional embeddings results in improved performance in a visual task, demonstrating the
viability of using the wac2vec model to enrich traditional embeddings, and showing that wac2vec
provides important semantic information that these embeddings do not have on their own.
A Symbiosis Between a Dark Septate Fungus, an Arbuscular Mycorrhiza, and Two Plants
Native to the Sagebrush Steppe
Authors: Carpenter Craig Lane
Published: September 2020

Plant roots form symbioses with various fungi, including arbuscular mycorrhizae (AMFs)
and dark septate endophytes (DSEs). The symbiosis between plants and AMFs has been
extensively studied and is generally considered to be mutualistic. Much less is known
about the symbiosis between plants and DSE. In sagebrush habitats, DSEs are common,
but their effects on the vegetation are unclear. As a first step to study these effects,
I isolated and cultured a DSE from the roots of the shrub Artemisia tridentata. Based on
partial sequences of five genes and phylogenetic analyses, the isolated fungus was a
non-described species within the Darksidea or a closely related sister group. Subsequently,
I performed experiments in vitro and in potted plants to determine the effect of the isolated
DSE on root tissue integrity, colonization by the AMF Rhizophagus irregularis, and plant
biomass. These experiments were conducted in two plant species, A. tridentata and the native
grass Poa secunda. Plants were exposed to one of four treatments: no inoculation (-AMF-DSE),
inoculation with the DSE isolate (-AMF+DSE), inoculation with R. irregularis (+AMF-DSE), and
inoculation with both fungi (+AMF+DSE). Microscopic observations revealed that the DSE hyphae
grew along the root surface and penetrated epidermal and cortical cells without damage to them.
In A. tridentata, the hyphae also reached the stele. For both species, total DSE colonization
in the –AMF+DSE treatment was similar to that in the +AMF+DSE treatment, indicating the presence
of AMF did not alter DSE colonization. Inoculation with DSE did not affect total AMF colonization
of A. tridentata; however, it increased total colonization of P. secunda from 16.9
(+5.6%) in the +AMF-DSE treatment to 42.6 (+2.9%) in the +AMF+DSE treatment. Also, in both species,
the presence of the DSE more than doubled the frequency of AMF intraradical storage structures,
which consisted of vesicles plus intraradical spores. These results suggest that via increases
in AMF colonization, DSE could lead to a beneficial effect on the host plants. However, neither
on its own nor through co-inoculation with AMF, did the DSE isolate affect plant biomass. Thus,
under the two conditions tested, the symbiosis was commensalistic. Further work is needed to
evaluate the symbiosis in settings that better mimic the natural environment.
The Effects of Radiation on Memristor-Based Electronic Spiking Neural Networks
Authors: Dahl Sumedha Gandharava
Published: September 2020

In this dissertation, memristor-based spiking neural networks (SNNs) are used to analyze
the effect of radiation on the spatio-temporal pattern recognition (STPR) capability of the
networks. Two-terminal resistive memory devices (memristors) are used as synapses to manipulate
conductivity paths in the network. Spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) learning behavior
results in pattern learning and is achieved using biphasic shaped pre- and post-synaptic spikes.
A TiO2 based non-linear drift memristor model designed in Verilog-A implements synaptic
behavior and is modified to include experimentally observed effects of state-altering, ionizing,
and off-state degradation radiation on the device. The impact of neuron "death" (disabled neuron
circuits) due to radiation is also examined.

In general, radiation interaction events distort the STDP learning curve undesirably, favoring
synaptic potentiation. At lower short-term flux, the network is able to recover and relearn the
pattern with consistent training, although some pixels may be affected due to stability issues.
As the radiation flux and duration increases, it can overwhelm the leaky integrate-and-fire (LIF)
post-synaptic neuron circuit, and the network does not learn the pattern. On the other hand, in
the absence of the pattern, the radiation effects cumulate, and the system never regains stability.
Neuron-death simulation results emphasize the importance of non-participating neurons during the
learning process, concluding that non-participating afferents contribute to improving the learning
ability of the neural network. Instantaneous neuron death proves to be more detrimental for the
network compared to when the afferents die over time thus, retaining the network's pattern learning capability.
Geochemical Variability & Implications for Magma Transport at 14°N on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge
Authors: McCully Emma Elizabeth
Published: September 2020

Observations of seafloor bathymetry and gravity surveys indicate that magma focuses in
the center of slow spreading Mid-Ocean Ridge (MOR) segments, however; it is not well
constrained how magma is generated, stored, and transported to the segment ends. There
are two end-member models for magma transport: 1) a focused magma model wherein the magma
upwells beneath the entire ridge axis, is focused and pools beneath the center of the segment,
and is then transported towards the segment ends via lateral diking in the shallow crust and
2) a distributed magma model wherein magma vertically upwells and is erupted on the seafloor
along the entire segment, but there is enhanced focusing in the segment center. (Figure 1).
Both models are supported by the bathymetric and geophysical observations but have different
implications for the chemistry of lavas erupted along the segment.

To test how lava chemistries vary along a slow-spreading MOR, we systematically sampled a segment
of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The segment (~14°N) (Figure 2) is known to host Popping Rocks,
gas-rich basalts which, upon reaching surface pressures, explode. Two expeditions to this region
in 2016 and 2018 collected both ship-based bathymetry (75 m gridded resolution) aboard the R/V
Atlantis and high-resolution bathymetry (1 m) from the Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV)
Sentry. 27 dives from the Human Occupied Vehicle (HOV) Alvin collected 382 lavas
all of which have been analyzed for major element contents, and 162 have been analyzed for trace
element contents. During these expeditions, samples were collected both along and across axis from
the magmatically robust segment center, through a transition region, to a sparsely magmatic region.

Analytical results show that there is significant chemical variability along this segment. For
example, there is less variability at the segment center (K/Ti ratios from 0.24 to 0.46 and La/Sm
from 2.58 to 3.59) compared to the sparsely magmatic region (K/Ti values from 0.06 to 0.42 and
La/Sm). This suggests that magmas erupted at the segment center are more homogeneous compared to
lavas erupting in the sparsely magmatic region. Major element contents in each region vary, but
on average, become more mafic moving southward away from the magmatically robust segment center
towards the sparsely magmatic region. Petrologic modeling of fractional crystallization and trace
element contents show that fractional crystallization dominates the chemical variability in the
sparsely magmatic region, while either extent of melting or differing mantle sources dominates
the variability in the transition regions and the sparsely magmatic region. Reconciling these
data with both physical and geophysical observations of a slow spreading ridge, we present a
model of magma generation, storage, and transport that is a hybrid of the two proposed models.
Measurement of antibiotic consumption in surgical ward of a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Pujari Rashmi R. , Rath Bhabagrahi , Nayak Tapan Kumar
Published: September 2020

Background: Antibiotic resistance is a global health problem. Improper use of antibiotics leads to development of antibiotic resistance, side effects, superinfections and increase in treatment costs. There are few publications on antibiotic consumption. Serious morbidity and mortality are associated with postoperative wound infections. The use of peri or pre-operative antibiotics has resulted in a reduced risk of postoperative infection when appropriate principles of prophylaxis are applied.Methods: An observational study during a 2-month period was carried out in the department of surgery of Veer Surendra Sai Institute of Medical Science and Research, Burla. We utilized the administrative data for expression of antibiotic consumption using anatomical therapeutic classification (ATC) / defined daily dose (DDDs) methodology. The information included were drug names, strength, pharmaceutical form, quantity dispensed, total number of patients admitted during the study period and average length of stay. Each drug was then given a code according to the ATC classification. The number of DDDs and DDDs/100 bed days was calculated.Results: The most frequent antibiotic used was cephalosporin group with DDDs 62.70 DDDs/100 bed days (44.34%) followed by metronidazole with 23.10 DDDs/100 bed days (16.34%). Among cephalosporin group most common antibiotic used was ceftriaxone with 24.46 DDDs/100 bed days. The mean duration of stay was 7.2 days.Conclusions: The results of this study are similar to previous studies and it showed that there is irrational use of antibiotics as there is no antibiotic policy in our hospital. Drug utilization research should be carried out at frequent intervals to improve rational use of antibiotics.
Study of cardiovascular manifestations in treatment naive HIV patients and patients on HAART and its correlation with CD4+ cell counts in a tertiary care centre
Authors: S. Meghana B. , G. Madhu , R. Madhumati , A. Shilpa T.
Published: September 2020

Background: Highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) increases the longevity of the patients infected with Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) so mortality due to opportunistic infections is reducing and late complications like cardiovascular manifestations are on its rise. Cardiac involvement can be over-looked in HIV positive patients because symptoms of breathlessness, fatigue and poor exercise tolerance are ascribed to other conditions associated with HIV patients. Objective: Primary objective was to evaluate cardiac manifestations and determine type of cardiac involvement in both HAART naïve patients and patients on HAART and correlate with CD4+ counts. Methods: 200 HIV infected patients presenting in outpatient department (OPD) and inpatients are included. Information is collected and detailed history is taken using pre-formed proforma. At the time of admission or follow up, steps are taken to send for all the investigations and detailed clinical examination of the patient done, focusing more on cardiovascular system. Results: 41% of the patients with normal cardiac function were not on HAART and 62.7% of the patients with cardiac dysfunction were HIV naïve and it was found to be statistically significant (p value 0.003). Tricuspid regurgitation (42.1% verus 57.9%, p value 0.035) and Ischemic heart disease (IHD) (0% versus 100% p value 0.049) found to have significant association in patients who were on HAART. Systolic dysfunction (p value 0.048) and IHD (p value 0.019) were both significantly associated with the low CD4+ counts in patients not on HAART. Conclusion: There was significant association of HAART on the occurrence of cardiac dysfunction. Cardiac dysfunction is noted with low CD4+ counts, it is therefore important to undergo 2-dimensional echocardiography (2-D Echo) at diagnosis and at regular intervals in all HIV infected patients and to initiate early treatment for the same.the rural population.
Comparison between platelet rich plasma injection, corticosteroid injection and short-wave diathermy in the management of pain and the improvement of functional outcome in the patients suffering from adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Deb Debasish , Nandabir Yumnam Singh , Singh Naorem Bimol , Das Rakesh , Meethal Shanavas Anoth
Published: September 2020

Background: Adhesive capsulitis of shoulder is characterized by pain and restricted range of motion and has a wide variety of treatment options without any substantial evidence. Platelet rich plasma (PRP) is one of the newer treatment modalities and its efficacy needs to be compared with other routine treatment modalities.Method: A randomized controlled trial was conducted in the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Imphal for a period of 1-year February 2019 to January 2020. One hundred ninety-five patients with adhesive capsulitis recruited and randomized, patients received single PRP injection (2 ml) or corticosteroid (80 mg methyl prednisolone) or shortwave diathermy (10 settings continuous mode using 27.12 MHz).Results: The primary outcome measure was active range of motion of the shoulder and the secondary outcome measures included Visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain and a shortened version of Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (Quick DASH) for function. Patients were evaluated at 0, 3, 6 and 12 weeks. Chi-square test and ANOVA were used to determine significant differences. PRP treatment resulted in statistically significant improvement over corticosteroid at 12 weeks and over short-wave diathermy therapy at 6 weeks.Conclusion: This study demonstrates that single injection of PRP is more effective than corticosteroid or short-wave diathermy in the treatment of adhesive capsulitis of shoulder.
Comparison of the manual blood pressure record with ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in young patients found to be hypertensive during routine medical examination before induction to high altitude areas
Authors: Sharma Munish , Pandit Anupam
Published: September 2020

Background: Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) measurements has been found to be superior to Outpatient Department (OPD) blood pressure measurements (OBPM) for predicting clinical outcomes. There have been various indications of ABPM like to exclude white coat hypertension, evaluation of symptomatic hypotension and hypertension, pregnancy induced hypertension etc. We studied use of ABPM in evaluation of young subjects who were found to be hypertensive in OBPM.Methods: This prospective study was performed at Command Hospital, Kolkata, India from December 2017 to November 2019.This study had a total of 100 subjects. All patients were young healthy individuals and found to have high blood pressure (BP) readings during routine examination done before induction to high altitude areas (>9000 feet). All subjects who were found to be hypertensive in OBPM were evaluated with 24 hours ABPM at least one week after cessation of all medications. Data expressed as the mean±SD. Comparisons of (a) the peripheral hospital mean systolic and diastolic BP over 01 week and (b) 24 hours mean ABPM.  Results: In the study, the Mean Systolic BP was 143.33±11.82 with corresponding ABPM 123.92±13.17 which is statistically significant. The mean diastolic BP was 87.30±7.20 mm with corresponding ABPM as 71.55±4.11 MAP in manual blood pressure is 125.55 mm and 103.6 mm in ABPM. The results are highly significant.Conclusions: The study concludes that automated BP recordings may provide a more accurate estimate of a patient's BP status and may prevent unnecessary labelling of young patients as hypertensive.
Application and Research of Soil Mixing Wall
Authors: Gu Runjie
Published: September 2020

Soil Mixing Wall can meet the needs of foundation pit support structures in various projects. Compared with other supporting structures, it has the advantages of good permeability resistance, short construction period, and less impact on the surrounding environment. It is a foundation pit supporting structure with great development potential[1].
Development and Application of 3D Printing and Its Materials
Authors: Du Haocheng , Chen Shaoqian
Published: September 2020

With the improvement of 3D printing technology, it has gradually gained popularity in China, and it has become famous for its wide variety of printing biological materials. This article will analyze and research the application and development of 3D printing technology in chemical materials. Explain the market demand for 3D printing technology, as well as the problems existing in the development of domestic 3D printing technology, and predict its development prospects from the development field.