bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impactos de variáveis socioeconômicas no desempenho no Enem no primeiro biênio da pandemia de Covid-19
Authors: Brito Willian Henrique de , Pedroso Fabiano Prado
Published: September 2023

Neste artigo, apresenta-se uma análise da influência de caraterísticas socioeconômicas individuais e contextuais no desempenho dos estudantes paranaenses que realizaram o Enem, durante os dois primeiros anos da pandemia de Covid-19. Para atingir esse propósito, considerou-se adequada a estimação de modelos multinível de regressão. A fim de verificar se alguma variável passou a impactar mais o desempenho dos alunos durante a pandemia, foram estimados modelos considerando dois períodos: 2018 a 2019 e 2020 a 2021. Os resultados mostraram que a pandemia de Covid-19 prejudicou, com maior intensidade, os alunos com renda familiar inferior a três salários-mínimos, matriculados em escolas públicas e autodeclarados pretos, pardos ou indígenas. Observou-se, ainda, que uma parcela significativa dos alunos pertencentes a esses grupos, sequer chegou a realizar o Enem, sendo necessários estudos complementares sobre as causas desse fenômeno.
INQUIETUDE HUMANA COMO PRINCÍPIO FUNDANTE DO HOMO VIATOR EM SANTO AGOSTINHO
Authors: Fagundes Carneiro Bruno
Published: September 2023

A inquietude humana é um dos temas mais fundamentais dentro da antropologia agostiniana. A vida do homem é uma tensão ao infinito que o faz viver de forma inquieta, pois apresenta uma insatisfação consigo mesmo e, com isso, está imerso numa busca de princípios para suprir esse sentimento de inquietação que há na sua alma, sendo chamado a voltar-se para o seu interior para encontrar o seu fim último. A pesquisa centraliza os estudos sobre Agostinho a partir das suas análises sobre a inquietude humana, tendo como norte o conceito antropológico de homo viator. O homo viator é o ser cujas inquietações definem seu modo de ser, sendo por isso que o conduz a uma busca de respostas para as suas inúmeras dúvidas e indagações sobre a sua existência.
COMMODIFICATION OF HUMAN EMOTION AND MARRIAGE IN CAPITALISM (A READING OF PROBST’S THE MARRIAGE BARGAIN FROM A MARXIST PERSPECTIVE)
Authors: Adhikary Ramesh Prasad
Published: September 2023

This research aims to analyze Jennifer Probst’s The Marriage Bargain from a Marxist perspective to examine how social institutions like marriage and human emotions are commodified in the era of late capitalism. The novel deals with the theme of love, romance and marriage, but also highlights the commodification of marriage in a capitalist society. The two main characters, Alexandria and Nicholas, use marriage as a means to solve their economic problems, challenging the traditional notion of marriage as a bonding of two souls. This research aims to explore this phenomenon. This qualitative study employs a Marxist literary analysis of the novel, focusing on the commodification of marriage and human emotions in the late capitalist society. It examines how the novel’s characters challenge the traditional concept of marriage and use it as a commodity to satisfy their material needs. The core finding of this research is that under the harsh economic pressures of late capitalism, human emotions and social institutions like marriage are commodified, and people compromise their ideals for economic gain. The novel shows how marriage is used as a commodity to solve economic problems, and how the traditional concept of marriage is being challenged by the utilitarian values of modern societies. The research concludes that The Marriage Bargain is an illustrative example of the commodification of marriage and human emotions in late capitalism. The exploration of this discourse clarifies how the institution of marriage is being used as a commodity to satisfy material needs. The novel raises an uncommon issue regarding the marital relationship, and the utilitarian attitude of its characters towards their own marriage represents the emerging social problem of the reification of human relationships.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ЭФФЕКТОВ ИНДУКТОРОВ РАЗЛИЧНОЙ ПРИРОДЫ НА УСТОЙЧИВОСТЬ ПШЕНИЦЫ К ЗАРАЖЕНИЮ ТВЕРДОЙ ГОЛОВНЕЙ
Authors:   Samarqand davlat universiteti, T Aromov
Published: September 2023

В статье описаны результаты исследований влияния иммуностимулятора Ростбисол и электромагнитного поля низкой частоты на устойчивость пшеницы (Triticum aestivum L.) сорта «Унумли» к заражению твердой головней. Результаты проведенных экспериментов показали, что предпосевная обработка семян электромагнитным полем или иммуностимулятором Ростбисолом в смеси с промышленным протравителем Раксилом, примененным в половинной норме расхода (0,2 л/т) от рекомендуемой в практике (0,4-0,5 л/т), значительно снижает пораженность посевов пшеницы твердой головней. Установлен синергизм в действии электромагнитного поля и Ростбисола на устойчивость пшеницы к патогену, при этом необходимая доза Раксила уменьшается до 0,1 л/т. Исследования влияния индукторов различной природы на устойчивость растений пшеницы к твердой головне, как в сравнительном аспекте, так и при их совместном действии нами проводились впервые. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы для эффективного возделывания сельскохозяйственных культур в районах, подверженным стрессовым воздействиям фитопатогена.
MIRZAOBOD TUMANI SUG‘ORILADIGAN BO‘Z-O‘TLOQI TUPROQLARNING IQLIM SHAROITLARI HAMDA MELIORATIV HOLATI
Authors:   Samarqand davlat universiteti, D Maxkamova
Published: September 2023

Ushbu maqolada Mirzaobod tumani sug‘oriladigan bo‘z-o‘tloqi tuproqlarning bugungi kundagi tuproq iqlim shariotlari, unumdorlik va meliorativ holati bo‘yicha natijalar hamda ulardan unumli foydalanish chora tadbirlar to‘g‘risida ma`lumotlar keltirilgan. Mirzaobod tumani sug‘oriladigan tuproqlari yarim gidromorf va gidromorf sharoitda rivojlanib borayotganligi, yer osti suvlari sathini yuqori tomonga ko‘tarilayotgani natijada hudud sug‘oriladigan tuproqlarda sho‘rlanish jarayonini ortib borishi, tuman sug‘oriladigan tuproqlari turli darajada sho‘rlanishi to‘g‘risida ma`lumotlar keltirib o‘tilgan.
CISTANCHE MONGOLICA BECK NING TARQALISHI VA BIOEKOLOGIK XUSUSIYATLARI (BUXORO VILOYATI)
Authors:   Samarqand davlat universiteti, S Murodov
Published: September 2023

Maqolada Buxoro viloyati hududidagi Cistanche mongolica Beck turining tarqalish maydonlari hamda ularning bioekologik xususiyatlari to‘g‘risida ma’lumotlar keltirilgan. Cistanche mongolica Buxoro viloyatining turli suv havzalariga yaqin hamda yer ostki suvlari yaqin bo‘lgan hududlarida keng tarqalgan bo‘lib, faqatgina Tamarix L. vakillarida parazitlik qiliadi. Mazkur tur mahalliy aholi tomonidan kam foydalanilganiga qaramay, uning foydalilik xususiyatlari juda yuqori hisoblanadi. Tadqiqotlar davomida turning zahira qaiymatiga ega bo‘lgan Buxoro viloyati hududida 12 ta maydoni aniqlandi. Olingan natijalar turlarni tarqalish maydonlarini aniqlash hamda ularni muntazam monitoring qilish imkonini beradi.
TRITIKALE “SARDOR” NAVI HOSIL ELEMENTLARI VA HOSILDORLIGIGA EKISH MUDDATI, ME’YORI VA O‘G‘ITLASH ME’YORINING TA’SIRI
Authors:   Samarqand davlat universiteti, Baxtiyor Kushmatov
Published: September 2023

Ushbu maqolada lalmikor maydonlarning nam bilan yarim ta’minlangan tekislik, qir-adirlik mintaqalarida tritikale o‘simligining hosil elementlariga ekish muddati, ekish me’yori va ma’danli o‘g‘itlar bilan oziqlantirishning maqbul me’yori o‘rganilgan hamda tegishli xulosalar keltirilgan.
Myocysticercosis presenting as an uncommon cause of chest wall swelling: A case report
Authors: Das Sunil Kumar , Pariyar Bijaya
Published: September 2023

Cysticercosis is a common helminthic parasitic infection in humans caused by larva of Taenia solium. It most commonly affects the brain causing neurocysticercosis. It also affects the different system of the body as eyes, subcutaneous tissue, eye, lungs. Diagnosis of cysticercosis is usually done by imaging such as ultrasound for cutaneous, muscular and orbital infection whereas CT scan for the neuro cysticercosis.  We report a case of myocysticercosis on lateral chest wall of the 7-year-old male from a rural region of Nepal.
Triaging of patients by general practitioners (GPs) in primary health care settings: a neglected aspect in the health policy & practice in Nepal
Authors: Kharal Puspa Mani
Published: September 2023

General Practitioners are the backbones of the primary health care and whole health system around the world. United nation declaration in Alma Ata about primary health care and WHO reinforcement regarding the importance of robust primary health care for universal health coverage are major catalysts to sensitize the government to implement triaging of patients through primary care by general practitioners. Nepal lacks strong primary health care system utilizing general practitioners as frontline health service providers in the community level. This has made people travel a long distance risking high expenses to get basic healthcare. The overcrowding in tertiary care hospitals is a result of improper triaging and referral system. General practitioners in Nepal work in emergency departments of hospitals and medical colleges, do private practices and a small number of GPs work in health departments of Ministry of Health and Population. Proper mobilization of GPs and establishing primary health care system is paramount to achieve equity, efficiency and effectiveness in health services. Current health policies and program must be reviewed and updated based on the evidences from the studies. CME (Continuous Medical Education) was organized in Chitwan for General Practitioners as a regular program of GPEMAN(General Practice and Emergency Medicine Association of Nepal). Participants were asked about primary health care system in Nepal and its opportunities and barriers. Majority of participants 84% (32 out of 38) pointed out that poor health policy and lack of recognition of General Practice for primary health care as first contact physicians by the government are the major challenges and barriers. Evidences will guide government and concerned stakeholders to establish robust primary healthcare system to increase access, efficiency, effectiveness of health service and to reduce out-of-pocket expenditure and disease burden in the community.
Effect of first trimester body mass index and gestational weight gain on maternal and neonatal outcomes: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Sah Ram Bisheshwar , Sah Mukesh Kumar , Sangroula Raj Kumar , Yadav Kamlesh Prasad , Rijal Pappu , Thakur Achala , Agrawal Ajay
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Malnutrition and poor weight gain as well as maternal obesity have significant influences on the pregnancy outcome. This study aims to show the effect of first-trimester body mass index and the corresponding gestational weight gain on the outcome of pregnancy.
 
Method: It was a cross-sectional study conducted from 2017 to 2018. The sample size of the study was 740 respondents, which is calculated based on N=Z²pq/d² formulae, where Z=1.96 for 95% CI, p=11.5, q=100-p and d=2.3(20%) of permissible error of prevalence. Frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation were calculated for descriptive analysis. Chi-square test was used to find out the association for categorical variables. Odds Ratio and Logistic regression were also calculated for categorical variables.
 
Result: Most of the women (57.3%) had normal Body Mass Index (BMI). Compared to women of adequate Gestational Weight Gain (GWG), the Odds Ratio of Hypertensive Disorder in Pregnancy (HDP), Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), induction of labor and instrumental/caesarean delivery for women of excessive GWG was 3.88(95%, CI 1.65-9.12,p<0.05), 0.63(95% CI 0.24-1.63), 1.87(95% CI 1.11- 3.15,p<0.05), and 1.93(95% CI 1.14-3.27, p<0.05) respectively. Compared to women of normal BMI, the Odds Ratio of HDP, GDM, induction of labor and instrumental /caesarean delivery for overweight/obese women were 2.32(95% CI 1.15-4.66,p<0.05), 1.94(95% CI 1.10-3.41,p<0.05), 1.15(95% CI 0.75-1.77), 1.48(95% CI 0.96-2.28), respectively. Regarding neonatal outcomes, the OR of macrosomia and APGAR score <7 at 1&5 minute in the overweight/obese-group were 1.61(95% CI 0.56-4.61), 1.24(95% CI 0.21-7.25), and 2.04(95% CI 0.07-55.3), respectively.
 
Conclusion: Both overweight/obesity and excessive GWG are the risk factors of Hypertensive Disorder in Pregnancy, induction of labor, instrumental/cesarean delivery, macrosomia, and APGAR<7 at1&5 minutes.
Menopause and lipid profile; a comparative observational study
Authors: Banstola Hemanta General , Shrestha Tirtha Man , Maharjan Ramesh Kumar
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Hormonal changes after menopause such as low plasma estrogen levels and elevated Luteinizing Hormone and Follicle Stimulating Hormone levels had a significant effect on plasma lipid metabolism. The incidence of atherosclerotic diseases is more in postmenopausal women compared to premenopausal women. The objective of this study was to find out the effect of menopause on lipid profile among apparently healthy postmenopausal women.
 
Method: This was an unmatched comparative observational study carried out among apparently healthy pre and postmenopausal women aged between 35-65 years presented at the General Health Check-up OPD of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Nepal from May 2019 to June 2020.The sample size was 128 in each group and data were analyzed using an independent t-test to compare the mean between the two groups and were considered significant when the p-value is less than 0.05.
 
Result: Among 128 postmenopausal women, mean total cholesterol 191.59±35.78 mg/dl, triglyceride 143.44±72.39 mg/dl, HDL-cholesterol 45.01±9.99 mg/dl, LDL-cholesterol116.43±31.79 mg/dl and VLDL cholesterol was found to 28.69±14.48 mg/dl. Similarly, among 128 premenopausal women, mean TC 164±35.03 mg/dl, TGs 125.52±65.84mg/dl, HDL cholesterol 41.66±7.66 mg/dl, LDL-cholesterol96.95 ±31.78 mg/dl and VLDL-cholesterol was found to 25.10 ± 13.17 mg/dl. Mean TC, TGs, LDL-cholesterol, and VLDL-cholesterol along with cardiac risk ratio (TC/HDL and LDL/HDL) were found to be statistically significantly higher in postmenopausal women compared to premenopausal women. We also observed significantly higher HDL cholesterol in the postmenopausal group.
 
Conclusion: Menopause leads to an increase in mean TC, TGs, LDL-cholesterol, and VLDL-cholesterol along with an increased cardiac risk ratio among postmenopausal women compared to premenopausal women.
Referral situation from a municipal hospital with general practitioner: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Bajaj Agrawal Pawan Kumar , Gupta Priyanka , Parajuli Suraj
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Referral rate is an important measure of performance of a healthcare institution. Analysis of referral trend helps institutions to understand their care delivery needs and plan accordingly. General practitioners (GPs) have an important role in strengthening municipal primary healthcare service. Referral pathway in Nepal has improved since the implementation of national health insurance program. This study aimed to reflect upon the referral trend from a GP led municipal hospital in Nepal.
 
Method: The study was carried out in the out-patient department of Amppipal, a municipal hospital in Gorkha over duration of one year. Decision for necessity of referral was made by the practicing GP. Referral rate, proportion of referral who was insured, proportion of referral based upon clinical decision compared to patients’ request and specialist-wise referral was calculated.
 
Result: The total number of patients’ visits in OPD was 20,136. The referral percentage from OPD was 2.9%. Out of the total referrals, 95.6% were insured by national health insurance program. Only 59% percent of referrals had clinical indication for further diagnosis and/or treatment and the rest 41% requested for referral by them. Eighty-eight percent of referred patients were satisfied with the treatment outcome at higher center. Orthopedics (16.1% of total referred cases) was one of the mostly sought for specialists followed by ophthalmology (15.1%) and cardiology (10.5%).
 
Conclusion: Our study presented the referral trend in a GP led primary care hospital in Nepal. Government health insurance program has necessitated proper recording of referral, thereby strengthening referral pathway in national healthcare system. Regular analysis of referral could help in understanding the performance and needs of a healthcare institution.
Management of ovarian ectopic pregnancy: a case report
Authors: Dhungana Rakshya , Dangal Binod , Neupane Ayush
Published: September 2023

An ectopic pregnancy occurs when a developing blastocyst implants at places other than the uterine cavity. An incidence of ovarian implantation is 1 in 7000 to 40000 live birth and 0.5 to 3 % of all ectopic pregnancies.
 
If ruptured, it is a life-threatening condition. We report a case of 30-year-oldmultiparous (G3P2L2) female who presented to us with chronic lower abdominal pain and irregular per-vaginal bleeding. She was diagnosed with differential ruptured ovarian pregnancy and a corpus luteal cyst on her left side and underwent laparotomy. During laparotomy, the diagnosis was confirmed to be left ruptured ovarian pregnancy which was later confirmed by the histopathological report. She underwent left-sided oophorectomy with preservation of the fallopian tube as it was normal.
A story to tell or not, a glimpse of emergency setting in the low economic country: experience sharing and Review
Authors: Das Sunil Kumar , Twanabasu Sajal
Published: September 2023

Delivering efficient emergency health care in low-income countries presents significant challenges due to various factors, including limited resources, inadequate infrastructure, and socio-economic barriers. This article explores the complexities associated with emergency care delivery in resource-limited settings. Issues such as pre-hospital care, triage, waiting times, out-of-pocket expenditures, and the implementation of international protocols with limited resources. The lack of access to well-equipped ambulances, trained personnel, and basic first aid knowledge contributes to the difficulties faced in pre-hospital care. Non-functional triage systems, direct access to emergency rooms, and financial constraints further hinder timely and effective patient care. The implementation of international protocols in settings with limited resources poses additional challenges for healthcare providers and patients.
General practitioners tackling burden of non-communicable diseases in primary care setting of Nepal: way forward
Authors: Dangal Binod , Kharal Puspa Mani
Published: September 2023

Non-communicable Diseases (NCDs) are the major causes of morbidity and mortality globally. The increasing trends of NCDs and their risk factors such as physical inactivity, tobacco, alcohol use, unhealthy diet, high blood pressure and obesity has put enormous pressure on the fragile and challenged health system of Nepal. General Practitioners (GPs) are leading most of the district level hospitals in Nepal providing holistic primary health care. Primary health care led by GPs offers an effective platform to address NCDs through preventive and curative interventions in Nepal. We discuss some challenges and some strategic solutions to tackle NCD burden via primary care approach in Nepal.
Audit of observation ward supporting emergency room at tertiary care hospital: Kathmandu, Nepal
Authors: Shakya Yogendra Man
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital is a tertiary care hospital of Nepal. In an average, 118 cases visit TUTH emergency per day. After initial management in Emergency, patients are either admitted in specialty departments or are observed in observation ward under Department of General Practice.
Method: It was audit report carried out among the patients admitted to observational ward of TUTH. It included data of one month.
Result: Total of 205 patients were admitted to observation ward, 16 (7.8%) were later on transferred in various other wards of hospital and 189 (92%)patients were admitted in the observation ward. The common admitting diagnosis was seen to be Dengue fever82(40%), followed by COPD 20(9.7%).
Conclusion: For those patients presenting in emergency room, observation wards is better alternative for continuing medical care after getting emergency care.
On the Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) – A Practical Application for the DNA Sequencing Data
Authors: Roy Pranto , Sogir Sajjad Bin , Basak Tapati
Published: September 2023

All traits of an organism are associated with the genes. Organisms carry genes all of their lifetimes and pass them to the next generations. In genetics, case-control linkage studies named Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are conducted to establish an association between specific genes, and any medical conditions. It helps to understand the inheritance of traits. In GWAS, genetic markers help us to specify genes, and deliver the required information. The usefulness of a genetic marker depends on the amount of information it provides, which is calculated based on the heterozygosity it holds. To determine the informativity of genetic marker different measures are used. Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) is one of them. It can measure the strength of heterogeneity of a genetic marker that is associated with a gene. A simulated replica of human genome for 2000 individuals in a case-control setting was used in this study. The 16 genes were randomly selected with different features, and the genotype data were enumerated for demonstrating PIC. PIC values of some genes showed strong relation with the allele frequencies. A symmetric relationship between PIC and allele frequencies were observed for the selected genes. Similar association was also noticed for a gene having huge number of SNPs (1500). Although simulated data, this demonstration is expected to provide a significant practical insight for the introductory genetic researchers to whom the access and handling with the real genotype data is a big challenge.
Serum Interferon Gamma (IFN-ɣ) Levels and Hematological Indices in Patients with HIV-MTB Co-Infection in North-Eastern Nigeria
Authors: John Japtu Thiza , Chiwar Hassan Musa , Agyigra Isaac Aksavdawa , Madaki Kipazze , Saidu Hayatu , Musa Bolanle Olufunke Priscilla , Bosan Istifanus Bala
Published: September 2023

Introduction: The dual epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) poses significant health challenges, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Understanding the immune response and hematological changes in HIV-MTB co-infection is crucial for better management of affected individuals. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the serum levels of IFN-ɣ and hematological indices in patients with HIV-MTB co-infection in North-Eastern Nigeria, as well as explore any potential relationships between these factors. Methods: A total of 88 participants were enrolled in the study, including 44 antiretroviral therapy-naive patients with HIV-MTB co-infection (study group) and 44 HIV mono-infected individuals as controls. Data on personal biodata and clinical details were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Blood samples were obtained from each participant and analyzed for IFN-ɣ levels using ELISA and hematological indices using an automated hematology analyzer. Statistical analysis, including Mann-Whitney U test, independent samples t-test, and Pearson's correlation analysis, was conducted to compare the study and control groups and assess the relationship between IFN-ɣ levels and hematological parameters. Results: Serum IFN-ɣ was insignificantly increased in the study group compared to the control group (p=0.093). The WBC count was also significantly reduced in the study group compared to the control group (p=0.038). The HGB, HCT, MCV and MCH were significantly reduced in the study group compared to the control group (p=0.001, 0.001, 0.002 and 0.001) respectively. Participants with HIV-TB co-infection have insignificantly increased serum IFN-ɣ levels, low total WBC, lymphocyte and monocyte counts compared to those with HIV mono-infection. In conclusion, participants with HIV-TB co-infection have insignificant increased serum IFN-ɣ levels, low total WBC, and lymphocyte and monocyte counts compared to those with HIV mono-infection. There was no correlation of IFN-ɣ with any of the haematological indices.
Theistic embryology controversy: a developing story
Authors: Matheson Stephen
Published: September 2023

Get it? Heh. Anyway, go to Clashing Culture to see further discussion of the TE test.
Weekly sampler 23
Authors: Matheson Stephen
Published: September 2023

Okay, so not really weekly. 1. John Farrell has an interesting discussion of protein folding as a problem or challenge for evolutionary theory. His post includes quotes from experts with whom he has corresponded, and he cites the primary literature.
Theistic embryology: the talk
Authors: Matheson Stephen
Published: September 2023

I previously posted the abstract of a talk I gave at Calvin last month in which I test-drove my "theistic embryology" metaphor that I'll present at the North American Paleontological Convention in Cincinnati in two weeks. Now the audio and my simple slides are posted on Calvin's e-zine, Minds in the Making. Lots of jokes. And now my name's spelled right.About halfway through, I refer to "10 dangers of theistic evolution" at Answers in Genesis.
Christianity & the Scottish Enlightenment
Authors: Matheson Stephen
Published: September 2023

That's the name of our January term course, a trip to London and Edinburgh to learn about the Scottish Enlightenment and its relationship(s) to Christian belief. We'll be keeping a blog with pictures and reflections. So nothing on QoD till the end of the month.In the meantime, share Mike Beidler's several minutes of fame. Then maybe read up on experimentally-induced out-of-body experiences.
Weasels, clouds and biomorphs, part III
Authors: Matheson Stephen
Published: September 2023

The Blind Watchmaker is a superb book by a masterful science writer. It's not just a book about evolution, or even about how evolution works. It's a book about how evolution explains design, and more specifically how natural selection accounts for design. As I wrote before, I consider chapter 3 to be the most important chapter of the book.
Do you ever have this nightmare?
Authors: Matheson Stephen
Published: September 2023

I think I stopped having this dream sometime when I was a postdoc. Or maybe I didn't shake free till I got a real job... Mine was always a language class, so everyone was jabbering away in Spanish or something, just to magnify the horror.
Why I'm not a Behe fan: conclusion and a challenge
Authors: Matheson Stephen
Published: September 2023

About 2 months ago, I finished a series on Michael Behe's latest book, The Edge of Evolution. I concluded that it was a terrible book, displaying significant errors of both fact and judgment. The book's main argument is a population genetics argument, and Behe seems to have little knowledge or understanding of that difficult subject.
Why I'm not a Behe fan, Part IIB: abusing genetics
Authors: Matheson Stephen
Published: September 2023

In a previous post, I started to explain a fact that some people (who don't know me) seem to find surprising or noteworthy. Michael Behe is a Christian who accepts common ancestry and an ancient cosmos, so you'd think I would be excited about the work of a fellow "theistic evolutionist." But I'm not. Two overall problems come to mind.
Quintessence of Dust anthologized again
Authors: Matheson Stephen
Published: September 2023

Well, wow, for the second year now one of my posts has been selected for inclusion in the science blogging anthology, The Open Laboratory. Last year it was the teosinte review; this year the honor goes to the post on Darwin's tomatoes.
Carnival of Evolution 14: Call for Submissions
Authors: Matheson Stephen
Published: September 2023

The 14th edition of the excellent Carnival of Evolution will go up here at Quintessence of Dust this Saturday, 1 August 2009. Send submissions and links, to your own work or to good stuff you've seen elsewhere. Images welcome too!
Cultivo In-Vitro y Crioconservación de polineos del género Epidendrum en la Provincia de Imbabura
Authors: López Flores Maria Fernando , Sánchez Thalia , Jauregui Diego
Published: September 2023

El género Epidendrum de la Familia Orchidaceae es un grupo de plantas nativas del Ecuador. Es un género de plantas que puede aguantar una gran diferencia de temperaturas de calor a temperaturas frías. Se caracteriza por unas grandes inflorescencias que llevan docenas de flores diminutas pero muy elaboradas. Actualmente se encuentra en estado vulnerable debido a los desastres naturales (incendios forestales) y la acción antrópica del hombre (tala indiscriminada) en el país; por esta razón se consideró realizar una propagación in vitro para la conservación de esta especie. Por lo cual se realizó diferentes parcelas que determinaron la incidencia de este género en la comunidad de Morochos, Provincia de Imbabura. Además, se desarrolló un protocolo de cultivo in vitro a partir de hojas jóvenes, yemas y semillas; estos fueron sembrados en un medio de cultivo preparado de Murashige y Skoog a su totalidad de concentración (4,3g. l-1), sacarosa (30g.l-1), agar (10g.l-1), suplementados con antioxidantes ácido cítrico y ácido ascórbico (100mg.l-1), además con hormonas reguladoras de crecimiento ANA y BAP (10 mg. l1). Transcurrido los 120 días de la siembra in vitro se evalúo en cada uno de los tratamientos (hojas jóvenes, yemas y semillas) la formación de brotes, la longitud y sobrevivencia del explante. Siendo el mejor tratamiento el de las semillas, debido a que obtuvo los mejores resultados en comparación con los demás explantes (yemas y hojas jóvenes). Finalmente se conservó los polineos en nitrógeno líquido para su posterior evaluación de viabilidad.
Determinación de valores hematológicos en cabras criollas suplementadas con Moringa oleifera Lam ubicados en el bosque deciduo de tierras bajas
Authors: Chávez-García Debbie , Acosta Lozano Nestor , Andrade Yucailla Verónica Cristina
Published: September 2023

El trabajo se realizó en la Unidad de Apoyo de la Universidad Estatal Península de Santa Elena ubicado en Manglaralto, el objetivo fue determinar los valores hematológicos de caprinos criollos alimentadas con dietas experimentales que incluían forraje de Moringa oleifera Lam. a diferentes edades de corte 60 y 75 días, las dietas cubrían los requerimientos nutricionales de los animales para mantenimiento, se realizó el análisis de sangre a ocho caprinos criollos de 24 a 36 meses de edad con pesos de 35 kg. En el estudio se tomaron tres muestras sanguíneas a cada caprino en intervalos de 15 días para evaluar las series eritrocitaria, leucocitarias, glucosa, urea creatinina, AST y ALt. Para el análisis de datos se empleó un ANOVA y para detectar diferencias entre los tratamientos se realizó una comparación de medias según Tukey (p<0,05) en el paquete estadístico INFOSTAT y las pruebas de homogeneidad con test de Chi-cuadrado en el STATGRAPHICS. Los resultados de las muestras de sangre en los animales que consumieron las dietas experimentales no presentaron diferencias estadísticas (p>0,05) sin embargo, los valores de la serie leucocitaria en el tratamiento de moringa a 60 días de edad elevaron el índice alto normal en comparación con los otros tratamientos indicando que a menor edad de corte de Moringa oleifera Lam. ayuda a elevar el sistema inmunológico, la glucosa que inicio el estudio con índices muy altos de lo normal bajó con respecto al menor tiempo de corte, siendo una alternativa que favorece a los citricultores de la zona.
Programa permanente de análisis de la demanda turística de Puyo para un turismo sostenible
Authors: Pinta Rodríguez Mayra Inés , Chávez Esponda Dunia , Ruiz Mármol Edison Eduardo
Published: September 2023

La comunicación es indispensable para el cambio social, respetando lenguas e historia. Ecuador desde el 2015 utiliza una herramienta estratégica que le permita actualizar las estadísticas del turismo a través del aspecto económico. En la Amazonía, la escasa e informal información estadística de la demanda turística que respalde la toma de decisiones originó que la Universidad Estatal Amazónica implemente su Observatorio Turístico OT-UEA. La presente investigación, se amparó en el Modelo de Gestión del Observatorio, para crear el Programa Permanente del Análisis de la Demanda Turística. La metodología que se aplicó para la búsqueda de conocimientos fue la observación directa expresada por las percepciones de los visitantes que acudieron a los atractivos turísticos de Puyo. Con las principales variables identificadas se diseñó la encuesta dirigida a los visitantes que llegaron a los atractivos turísticos más concurridos. Para relacionar los indicadores cualitativos se utilizaron las Tablas de Contingencia y Prueba Chi-Cuadrado. Los resultados mostraron la demanda turística a partir de las variables más significativas. Se estableció que las instituciones que tienen competencia dentro del turismo carecen de información de la demanda turística, por ello, se diseñó e implementó el programa permanente el cual permite conocer datos para la toma de decisiones de los actores turísticos. Con estos resultados obtenidos se elaboró el primer Boletín Informativo OT-UEA 2018 para su difusión, que servirá de instrumento para la toma de decisiones de los actores dentro del sistema turístico y el mismo se actualizará permanentemente en períodos trimestrales.
Evaluación en el grado en matemáticas de la UNED. Una experiencia en la pandemia covid-19
Authors: Estrada Beatriz
Published: September 2023

Este artículo recoge los contenidos de la conferencia del mismo título impartida por la autora en las Jornadas EXIDO-2021 en octubre de 2021, en la que se presentaron los resultados de experiencias de adaptación de modelos de evaluación en la asignatura Álgebra Lineal I del Grado en Matemáticas de la UNED.
Durante el curso 2019/20, la pandemia COVID-19, impidió la realización de las habituales pruebas finales presenciales de evaluación en la UNED. La universidad realizó una gran apuesta dedicando gran cantidad de recursos para desarrollar, en tiempo récord, su propia plataforma para los exámenes en línea (AVEX). Los exámenes, no presenciales, pasaron a ser mayoritariamente pruebas objetivas. Los resultados de la evaluación con este tipo de pruebas disminuyeron notablemente las tasas de éxito, por contra a lo que había pasado en la mayoría de asignaturas del grado en Matemáticas. Entonces, refexionamos sobre las causas que habían podido llevar a dichos resultados e introdujimos distintas adaptaciones, tanto en las pruebas de evaluación continua como en los exámenes finales.
Sobre la necesidad del desarrollo de algoritmos informáticos
Authors: Salamanca González Francisco
Published: September 2023

Este artículo surge como el resumen del trabajo fin de grado de Matemáticas del mismo autor bajo la tutela del profesor Miguel Delgado Pineda2 en el curso 2022-2023. El objetivo de este documento es reflejar un algoritmo desarrollado en Python para facilitar la búsqueda del valor mínimo de una función cualquiera continua de n variables definida en una caja. La optimización de funciones convexas se puede apoyar en varias propiedades que facilitan el cálculo y el diseño de los algoritmos, situación de la que las funciones no convexas no se ven beneficiadas. Esto dificulta el cálculo de la búsqueda de los minimizadores ya que la obtención de mínimo local no garantiza en absoluto que se corresponda con el mínimo global, como sí sucede en la optimización de funciones convexas [11]. En estas páginas se plantearán diferentes casos con complejidad creciente para visibilizar la necesidad de programas informáticos en su resolución. Después se planteará, junto con su respectivo código, un algoritmo con este objetivo: e1 algoritmo cúbico [3]. Se ha planteado el desarrollo en el lenguaje de programación Python por la facilidad que supone tanto en la lectura de su código, como en las librerías que implementa con diversas herramientas matemáticas y el alcance que tiene por ser un lenguaje libre.
Educación inclusiva en ANIEM, estudio de caso en torno a la enseñanza de las matemáticas: “El andar de una hormiga”
Authors: Pérez Martínez Claudia , Árcega Cárdenas Armando , López Ortiz Marcos Rodolfo , Rodríguez Martín
Published: September 2023

En este documento se presenta una revisión de las tareas que la ANIEM ha realizado en apoyo a la inclusividad educativa y centra su atención en un estudio de caso acerca de inclusividad para la enseñanza de las matemáticas atendiendo un criterio derecursos disponibles e infraestructura escolar. Se abordó un concepto básico de geometría: distancia entre dos puntos a partir de una situación práctica en el contexto real del alumno. El resultado fue un curso-taller en donde, mediante un acercamiento pedagógico y didáctico, el docente aprendió cómo analizar con sus alumnos “el andar de una hormiga”. La estrategia consistió en integrar algunos conceptos geométricos con operaciones algorítmicas y prácticas en el trazo, todo en un formato lúdico. El ejercicio instruccional lleva al estudiante a comprender el concepto de variación. Algunos de los objetivos del proyecto fueron: fomentar la imaginación y la curiosidad intelectual a través de actividades lúdicas, experimentar situaciones didácticas para trazar un cuadrado por donde debe andar una hormiga, practicar el trazado de figuras y establecer distintos sistemas de referencia. El aspecto de inclusividad se centra en el proceso de enseñar el mismo concepto en diferentes contextos (ciudad, campo, sierra, costa) y condiciones (patio, papel, pizarrón o computadora), ya que no debería verse limitada la enseñanza de lasmatemáticas por las herramientas disponibles.
modelo sl2(R) del plano hiperbólico
Authors: García Heras José L.
Published: September 2023

Entre los modelos más conocidos del plano hiperbólico se encuentran el semiplano y disco de Poincaré y el del hiperboloide.º En el presente artículo se estudia un nuevo modelo del plano hiperbólico H, basado en el espacio vectorial sl2(R) de las matrices de M2(R) con traza cero (sección 1), donde están definidos el producto escalar y el producto exterior de dos matrices,además de una forma trilineal de tres matrices –forma volumen– mediante el producto escalar de la primera por el producto exterior de las otras dos. Dicha forma volumen define una orientación de H, donde cada punto de H viene dado por una matriz de sl2(R) con determinante 1 y cada geodésica orientada tiene un vector normal que es una matriz con determinante -1; la matriz opuesta define el vector normal de la misma geodésica, con orientación contraria. El modelo anterior y tales herramientas, de algún modo, están presentes en Iversen [1] y, con otra notación, pueden encontrarse también en Fenchel [2]. Aquí se ha pretendido restringir las definiciones lo imprescindible, de manera que los resultados adquieran la mayor generalidad posible. Este modelo del plano hiperbólico y los modelos de Poincaré son isomorfos, y las proyecciones de H en el semiplano y el disco de Poincaré permiten realizar todas las representaciones en cualquiera de estos.Después de las definiciones y resultados previos se analiza, en la sección 2, la posición relativa de dos geodésicas –secantes, paralelas o ultraparalelas–, y en la sección siguiente se estudian los isomorfismos entre los tres modelos aludidos del plano hiperbólico y la representación de circunferencias y triángulos hiperbólicos, definiéndose la potencia de un punto respecto a una circunferencia y obteniéndose las fórmulas del eje radical de dos circunferencias y el centro radical de tres circunferencias, así como las correspondientes a los elementos de un triángulo.La mayoría de los contenidos teóricos pueden encontrarse en [3]. Las representaciones se han realizado en Scientific Notebook y en Geogebra [4].El presente artículo se dirige a los interesados en el estudio de la geometría del plano hiperbólico poco familiarizados con el modelo sl2(R).
MỐI LIÊN QUAN GIỮA HẠ PHOSPHO MÁU VÀ CAI MÁY THỞ THẤT BẠI Ở BỆNH NHÂN THỞ MÁY
Authors: Hồ Ngọc Phát , Trần Quốc Việt  , Bùi Đức Thành  , Nguyễn Trường An
Published: September 2023

Mục tiêu: Nghiên cứu mối liên quan giữa hạ phospho máu với cai máy thở thất bại ở bệnh nhân thở máy xâm lấn.
Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu đoản hệ, tiến cứu với 94 lượt bệnh nhân cai máy thở có đủ các tiêu chuẩn cai máy. Biến số kết cục chính là cai máy thất bại. Các biến kiểm soát nhiễu là tuổi ≥ 65, suy dinh dưỡng, COPD, suy tim, tổn thương não, tổn thương phổi.
Kết quả: Trong số 94 lượt bệnh nhân cai máy thở, số có hạ phospho máu (≤ 0,8 mmol/l) là 36 lượt, chiếm 38,3%; số cai máy thở thất bại là 32 lượt, chiếm 34,0%. Số lượt bệnh nhân hạ phospho máu cai máy thở thất bại (20/36 lượt, chiếm 55,6%) nhiều hơn số lượt bệnh nhân có phospho máu bình thường cai máy thở thất bại (12/36 lượt, chiếm 20,7%). Phân tích phân tầng (các biến số kiểm soát không phải là yếu tố tương tác và yếu tố gây nhiễu), so sánh với tình trạng phospho máu bình thường, hạ phospho máu làm tăng nguy cơ cai máy thở thất bại với RR = 2,69, khoảng tin cậy 95% (1,5-4,81), p < 0,01.
Kết luận: Hạ phospho máu làm tăng 2,69 lần nguy cơ cai máy thở thất bại. Cần quan tâm theo dõi và điều chỉnh tình trạng hạ phospho máu trên bệnh nhân thở máy, đặc biệt ở bệnh nhân cai máy thở.
ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG VÀ KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ VIÊM TỤY CẤP DO TĂNG TRIGLYCERIDE, TẠI BỆNH VIỆN QUÂN Y 105
Authors: Lê Hải Song Hà
Published: September 2023

Mục tiêu: Mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng và kết quả điều trị viêm tụy cấp do tăng triglyceride.
Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả hồi cứu, kết hợp tiến cứu trên 21 bệnh nhân viêm tụy cấp do tăng triglyceride; điều trị tại Khoa Hồi sức cấp cứu, Bệnh viện Quân y 105, từ tháng 8/2020 đến tháng 8/2021. Bệnh nhân viêm tụy cấp do tăng triglyceride được chẩn đoán theo tiêu chuẩn Atlanta (sửa đổi 2012) và điều trị theo phác đồ của Bệnh viện Quân y 105.
Kết quả: Bệnh nhân trung bình 38,9 ± 9,36 tuổi, nam giới chiếm 85,71%. Tiền sử rối loạn lipid máu 23,8%; lạm dụng rượu 61,9%; mắc bệnh đái tháo đường 19%; tình trạng viêm tụy cấp mức độ nhẹ 76,19%; nồng độ triglyceride máu trung bình là 61,31 ± 18,97 mmol/L. Thời gian nằm viện trung bình 12 ± 4 ngày. Sau điều trị PEX, nồng độ triglyceride và cholesterol giảm lần lượt 76,5% và 59%; không có bệnh nhân tử vong.
ĐÁNH GIÁ HIỆU QUẢ CỦA MẶT NẠ THANH QUẢN I-GEL TRONG THỰC HÀNH GÂY MÊ TỔNG QUÁT
Authors: Đỗ Việt Nam
Published: September 2023

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá thuận lợi và các biến đổi huyết động trên các bệnh nhân gây mê tổng quát khi sử dụng mặt nạ thanh quản I-gel và mặt nạ thanh quản cổ điển.

Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu thử nghiệm lâm sàng trên hai nhóm bệnh nhân có chỉ định và được gây mê tổng quát thực hiện phẫu thuật theo chương trình (nhóm 1: gồm 50 bệnh nhân đặt mặt nạ thanh quản cổ điển; nhóm 2 gồm 50 bệnh nhân đặt mặt nạ thanh quản I-gel), tại Bệnh viện Quân y 7B, từ tháng 3/2022 đến tháng 7/2022.

Kết quả: Không có sự khác biệt về tuổi, giới tính, BMI, tình trạng sức khỏe theo phân độ Mallampatti, ASA giữa hai nhóm bệnh nhân nghiên cứu. Tỉ lệ thành công trong lần đặt đầu tiên với mặt nạ thanh quản I-gel (86,0%) cao hơn so với mặt nạ thanh quản cổ điển (84,0%), nhưng khác biệt không có ý nghĩa thống kê. Thời gian trung bình đặt mặt nạ thanh quản cổ điển (36,06 ± 5,12 giây) dài hơn so với đặt mặt nạ thanh quản I-gel (25,92 ± 3,62 giây), khác biệt với p = 0,0001. Nhóm đặt mặt nạ thanh quản I-gel có sự biến đổi nhịp tim, huyết áp tâm thu, huyết áp tâm trương tại các thời điểm khảo sát thấp hơn so với nhóm đặt mặt nạ thanh quản cổ điển, khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê (với p = 0,0001).

Kết luận: Mặt nạ thanh quản I-gel có thể thay thế cho mặt nạ thanh quản cổ điển trong gây mê tổng quát cho phẫu thuật.
BỔ SUNG THÔNG SỐ HDL-CHOLESTEROL TRONG BỘ MẪU NGOẠI KIỂM HÓA SINH SẢN XUẤT TẠI VIỆT NAM
Authors: Nguyễn Tiến Huỳnh  , Nguyễn văn Thắng  , Lê Huyền Ái Thúy  , Đoàn Thanh Hải  , Trần Nhật Nguyên  , Huỳnh Thị Diễm Phúc  , Nguyễn Khánh Cường  , Nguyễn Thị Thùy  , Nguyễn Thị Thu Thúy  , Lê Văn Chương
Published: September 2023

Mục tiêu: Khảo sát độ ổn định và đồng nhất của thông số HDL-C trong mẫu huyết thanh đông khô dùng trong ngoại kiểm ở 2 mức nồng độ: ngưỡng thấp (HDL-C ≤ 40 mg/dL) và trong giới hạn bình thường (HDL-C > 40 mg/dL).

Vật liệu, phương pháp: Nghiên cứu thực nghiệm trên bộ mẫu ngoại kiểm huyết thanh đông khô có chứa thông số HDL-C. Đánh giá độ đồng nhất và ổn định dài hạn của bộ mẫu sau sản xuất bằng kiểm định so sánh một trung bình (Oneway - ANOVA) và phép kiểm t-test.

Kết quả: Nghiên cứu đã bổ sung vào bộ mẫu ngoại kiểm hóa sinh thông số HDL-C với lô A có nồng độ HDL-C trong giới hạn bình thường (42,85 mg/dL), lô B có nồng độ HDL-C ở ngưỡng thấp (36,5 mg/dL). Cả hai bộ mẫu ngoại kiểm đều ổn định đến 4 tháng ở các nhiệt độ bảo quản 2 đến 8oC,-20oC và -80oC. Đồng thời, 2 lô mẫu đạt độ ổn định ngắn hạn đến 7 ngày trong điều kiện môi trường vận chuyển mẫu.

Kết luận: Bổ sung thông số HDL-C trong bộ mẫu ngoại kiểm hóa sinh ở 2 mức nồng độ đạt tính đồng nhất và ổn định, đáp ứng các tiêu chí của tiêu chuẩn ISO 13528:2015, phù hợp việc triển khai ngoại kiểm tại Việt Nam.
Relaciones entre las competencias parentales y el temperamento en niños/as de 3 a 7 años. Competencias parentales y temperamento en niños.
Authors: Ledesma Sabrina E. , Gago Galvagno Lucas G.
Published: September 2023

El objetivo principal de la investigación fue relacionar el temperamento infantil de niños entre 3 y 7 años y las competencias parentales percibidas de padres/madres y/o tutores. La muestra estuvo conformada por 190 padres, madres y/o tutores, 172 mujeres y 18 hombres de entre 23 y 54 años (M=32,80 años; DS= 6,82). Los instrumentos utilizados fueron un cuestionario sociodemográfico, cuestionario de competencias parentales percibidas (versión padres) y el cuestionario breve sobre conducta infantil (CBQ, versión muy corta). Se encontraron un aumento en implicación escolar, dedicación y orientación, a medida que crece el esfuerzo de control, y una relación negativa significativa entre el esfuerzo de control y el nivel educativo de los padres. A su vez, se encontró un aumento del ocio compartido, dedicación y orientación a medida que aumenta las veces que los padres salen por semana con sus hijos. Se concluye que las competencias de los padres estarían asociadas a algunos estilos temperamentales de los infantes.
Peran Pemerintah Terhadap Bisnis Online dan UMKM Era Covid-19 Berdasarkan Hukum Positif
Authors: Tanjaya Willy , Simalango Jessica Juliana , Simalango Roiman , Pakpahan Emir Syarif Fatahillah
Published: September 2023

Perekonomian merupakan sistem yang dipakai sebuah negara guna mengontrol dan mendistribusikan sumber dayanya, layanan dan produk ke individu-individu dan organisasi yang ada dalam negeri. UMKM menjadi salah satu penyumbang devisa negara dan lapangan kerja bagi masyrakat Indonesia, tanpa terlepas dari bantuan pemerintah, baik aspek perizinan, pembangunan usaha dan sampai keberlangsungan usaha. Dimasa pandemi Covid-19 media elektronik menjadi wadah yang digunakan banyak masyarakat Indonesia sebagai tempat untuk melakukan kegiatan bisnis, dihitung dari modal, waktu, kemudahan berjualan dan keefektifan. Aplikasi Facebook menjadi salah satu akun media sosial yang digunakan masyarakat untuk melakukan kegiatan bisnis, baik dilakukan dengan cara membuat beranda, status dan platfrom yang sudah disediadakan oleh Facebook untuk kegiatan bisnis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah bagaimana masyarakat paham perkembangan dan peran pemerintah pada kegiatan bisnis online dan UMKM. Metode yang dimanfaatkan pada penelitian ini ialah yuridis normatif, yakni sebuah penelitian hukum yang mengkaji data sekunder sebagai bahan dasar untuk penelitian. Hasilnya, peran pemerintah terhadap UMKM dan bisnis online telah diatur dalam UU dan PP, tinggal bagaimana meningkatkan dan mengembangkan peran tersebut dimasa pandemi Covid-19.

Kata kunci : Bisnis online, Covid-19.UMKM, Pandemi, Pemerintah