bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Control Room Operator Decision Making
Authors: Mietkiewicz Joseph , Abbas Ammar N. , Amazu Chidera W. , Baldissone Gabriele , Madsen Anders L. , Demichela Micaela , Leva Maria Chiara
Published: December 2023

In the dynamic and complex environment of industrial control rooms, operators are often inundated with a multitude of tasks and alerts, which can lead to an overwhelming situation known as task overload. This state can precipitate decision fatigue and a heavier reliance on cognitive biases, potentially compromising the decision-making process. To mitigate such risks, the implementation of decision support systems becomes crucial. These systems are designed to assist operators in making swift and well-informed decisions, particularly when they sense their own judgment may be faltering. Our research introduces an AI-based framework that leverages dynamic influence diagrams and reinforcement learning to construct an effective decision support system. The cornerstone of this framework is the creation of a robust, interpretable, and efficient tool that supports control room operators during critical process disturbances. By integrating expert knowledge, the dynamic influence diagram forms a comprehensive model that captures the uncertainties inherent in complex industrial processes. It is adept at anomaly detection and recommending optimal actions. Moreover, this model is enhanced through a strategic partnership with reinforcement learning algorithms, which fine-tune the recommendations to be more context-specific and precise. The ultimate goal of our framework is to provide operators with a live, reliable decision support system that can significantly improve their response during process upsets. This paper outlines the development of our AI framework and its application within a simulated control room environment. Our findings indicate that the use of decision support systems can lead to improved operator performance and reduced cognitive workload. However, it also reveals a trade-off with situation awareness, which tends to diminish as operators may become overly reliant on the system’s guidance. Trust emerges as a critical factor in the adoption and effectiveness of decision support systems. Our research underscores the importance of balancing the benefits of decision support with the need for maintaining operator engagement and comprehension during process operations.
Enhancing Accuracy in Large Language Models Through Dynamic Real-Time Information Injection
Authors: Ouyang Qian , Wang Shiyu , Wang Bing
Published: December 2023

This study presents a novel approach to enhance Large Language Models (LLMs) like Alpaca by dynamically integrating real-time information. This method addresses the issue of content hallucination and data relevancy by automatically collecting and integrating current data from credible sources into model prompts. Experiments show a significant improvement in accuracy and a decrease in content hallucination, with a manageable increase in response time. The research underscores the potential of real-time data integration in making LLMs more accurate and contextually relevant, setting a foundation for future advancements in dynamic data processing in AI.
Facile Synthesis of Ni-MgO/CNT Nanocomposite for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Mohana P. , Isacfranklin M. , Yuvakkumar R. , Ravi G. , Kungumadevi L. , Arunmetha S. , Han J.H. , Hong S. I.
Published: December 2023

In this study, the pristine MgO, MgO/CNT and Ni-MgO/CNT nanocomposites were processed by the impregnation and chemical vapour deposition methods and analyzed for hydrogen evolution (HER) via electrochemical water splitting process. Furthermore, effect of nickel on the deposited carbon was systematically elaborated in this study. The highly conductive carbon nanotubes (CNTs) deposited on the metal surface of the Ni-MgO nanocomposite heterostructure provides the robust stability and superior electrocatalytic activity. The optimized Ni-MgO/CNT nanocomposite exhibited hierarchical helical-shaped carbon nanotubes adorned on the surface of the Ni-MgO flakes, forming a hybrid metal-carbon network structure. The HER catalytic reaction was carried out in 1M alkaline KOH electrolyte, and the optimized Ni-MgO/CNT nanocomposite achieves the low 117 mV overpotential value (ɳ) at the 10 mA cm-2 and needs low 116 mV/dec Tafel value denoted Volmer-Heyrovsky pathway. Also, high electrochemical active surface area (ECSA) value of Ni-MgO/CNT nanocomposite acquires 515 cm2, which is favorable for the generation of abundant electro-active species and the prepared electrocatalyst durability was also performed by chronoamperometry test for prolonged duration of 20 h at 10 mA cm-2 and exhibits the good stability with 72% retention. Hence, obtained results demonstrated that the optimized Ni-MgO/CNT nanocomposite is highly active and cost-effective electrocatalyst towards hydrogen energy production.
Organizational Communication and Work-Life Balance: Relationship with Organizational Climate and Job Satisfaction in Portuguese Fire Departments.
Authors: Farias Ana Rita
Published: December 2023

Understanding that organizational communication is crucial for the consistent functioning of any establishment, this research assesses its influence on work-life balance, organizational climate, and job satisfaction among Portuguese firefighters, a rarely studied group. Effective organizational communication is identified as a potential pathway for nurturing a favorable work setting and bolstering employee contentment, essential elements of work-life balance. Data compiled from a group of 102 firefighters, using a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Work Social Climate Scale, and Portuguese versions of the ICA Communication Audit Survey Instrument and the Labor Satisfaction Questionnaire S20/23, unveil multiple significant correlations among various dimensions of the ICA, the Work Social Climate Scale, and communication metrics. Explicitly, correlations were discerned between received and sent communications and aspects of implication, support, and cohesion. Links were also evident between desired communications and the control dimension. Positive and statistically significant relationships were further observed between received and sent communications, all five satisfaction dimensions, necessary outgoing communications and the physical environment, and required outgoing communications and benefits, highlighting the pivotal role of adept communication in augmenting work-life balance, organizational climate, and job satisfaction among firefighters.
Prediction Method of the Distribution of the Effective Dominant Path of Sand Body Transporting Oil and Gas and Its Application
Authors: Chen Yong , Zhang Yaxiong , Wang Yachun , Yu Yinghua , Zhang Yunfeng , Yuan Hongqi
Published: December 2023

To study the oil and gas distribution law in the slope area of the hydrocarbon-bearing basin, the distribution of the effective dominant path of sand bodies transporting oil and gas is a fundamental subject. In this paper, we introduced an effective way to predict such transport paths and applied the method to study the sand bodies of the lower first member of the Shahejie Formation (E3s1L) in the southern area of the Qikou Depression in the Bohai Bay Basin (Qinan). We first define the dominant hydrocarbon transport paths of the sand body as the superimposed area of the contiguously distributed area of the sand body and the paleotectonic ridges at the top of the formation where the sand body is located. Then we define the oil and gas supply area of the oil source fault as the overlapped area of the favorable transport path of oil source faults and the width of the associated fracture zone. Stacking the two areas, we can delineate the distribution of the effective dominant transport paths of the sand bodies. The results from our case study of the Qinan area show that the effective dominant paths of sand bodies transporting oil and gas in the E3s1L Formation in the Qinan area are distributed throughout the region with better development in the west than in the east. The paths in the eastern part extend from north to south, while the paths in the western part extend from northeast to southwest, which is favorable for the convergence of oil and gas generated from the source rocks of the third member of Shahejie Formation (Es3) in the Northeastern main depression of Qikou and the formation of oil and gas accumulations in the l E3s1L Formation. The results are consistent with the fact that oil and gas discovered in the E3s1L Formation in the Qinan region are mainly distributed in the central and western regions, with a small amount in the southeast. Therefore, the suggested method is feasible to predict the effective dominant path of sand bodies transporting oil and gas.
Subdomain Analytical Modeling of a Double-Stator Spoke-Type Permanent-Magnet Vernier Machine
Authors: Su Xiangdong , Zhao Hang , Ou Zhijun , Yu Jincheng , Liu Chunhua
Published: December 2023

This paper proposes an analytical model of the double-stator spoke-type permanent-magnet vernier machine (DSSTVM) using the subdomain model (SDM), which can be used to calculate the mag-netic field distribution and corresponding electromagnetic parameters of the DSSTVM. The whole field domain is divided into several subdomains according to the magnetic characteristics of each region, within which Laplace's and Poisson's equations are solved accordingly in terms of magnetic vector potential (MVP). Then, the magnetic flux density distribution, back electromotive force (EMF), and electromagnetic torque of the DSSTVM can be obtained correspondingly. Ultimately, finite element analysis (FEA) is adopted to validate the proposed analytical model's effectiveness for quickly predicting the no-load and on-load performances of the DSSTVM.
Results of Utilizing Cerclage Wires in the Management of Intraoperative Vancouver B1 Fractures in Primary Total Hip Arthroplasties: A Retrospective Cohort Investigation into Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes
Authors: Rocchi Caterina , Di Matteo Vincenzo , Chiappetta Katia , Grappiolo Guido , Loppini Mattia
Published: December 2023

Background: due to increase in total hip arthroplasties (THAs), the incidence of periprosthetic hip fractures (PPHFs) is forecast to raise considerably in the next decades, with Vancouver B1 fractures (VB1) accounting for one third of total cases. Femur fixation with cerclages (with or without screws) is considered the current treatment option for intraoperative VB1. Methods: the study retrospectively includes data from patients who developed VB1 PPHFs during THAs from December 3rd 2020 to November 30th 2022. The primary outcome of this study was to identify the reintervention-free survival rate. The secondary aim was to determine clinical and radiographic assessment at follow-up, based on Harris hip score (HHS) and limb length discrepancy (LLD). Results: 37 patients with mean age 60.03 ± 15.49 (22 to 77) years old were included. Overall, the Kaplan-Meier estimated a re-operation free survival rate of 99% (CI 95%) at 6 months. The mean limb length discrepancy (LLD) improved from -3.69±6.07 (range -27.9 to 2.08) mm to 0.10±0.67 (range -1.07 to 1.20) mm. The mean HHS improved from 42.72±14.37 (range 21.00-96.00) to 94.40±10.32 (range 56.00-100.00).
Phase Change Material Thermoelectric Generator
Authors: Armenta-Déu Carlos
Published: December 2023

This paper aims to study and analyze a new Peltier cell layout using a PCM in biphasic mode, with the liquid phase encapsulating the p-n junctions and the solid one playing the role of heat sink. The selected PCM is an organic compound that operates within a temperature range corresponding to the melting process. The phase change zone encompasses the working temperature of the Peltier cell, avoiding thermal gradient variation across the cell section and maintaining the operating conditions and the cell efficiency. PCM encapsulates the Peltier cell thermocouples, creating a layer that increases the power generation as the thickness reduces. We simulated the performance of the new configuration for different temperature gaps between both sides of the cell, obtaining an improvement in power generation from 1.65 to 7.93. This power increase ratio depends on the temperature gap and transient time to reach the steady working temperature. The control of the layer thickness, transient time, and working temperatures resides in the external heating power source, which varies the operating conditions regulating the heat power and the airflow. Maximum output power from the cell prototype is 36.5 W, while conventional Peltier cells operating in similar conditions produce 7.3 W, which represents a power gain of 500%.
Neurite Damage in Patients with Migraine
Authors: Shibata Yasushi , Ishiyama Sumire
Published: December 2023

We examined Neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging in patients with migraine. We found that patients with medication overuse headache exhibited lower orientation dispersion than those without. Moreover, orientation dispersion at the body of the corpus callosum was statistically negatively correlated with migraine attack frequencies. These findings indicate that neurite dispersion is damaged in patients with chronic migraine. Our study results indicate the orientation preference of neurite damage in migraine.
A Nonlinear Population Model
Authors: Covei Dragos-Patru , Pirvu Traian A. , Sterbeti Catalin
Published: December 2023

This paper considers a nonlinear model for population dynamics with age structure. The fertility rate with respect to age is non constant and has the form proposed by . Moreover, its multiplicative structure and the multiplicative structure of mortality makes the model separable. In this setting it is shown that the number of births in unit time is given by a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The steady state solution together with the equilibrium solution is found explicitly.
Effect of Food Waste, Compost, Vermicompost, and Chemical Fertilizers on Red Radish (Ravanello Cherry Belle) Growth Measurement and Soil Quality
Authors: Almaramah Sara , Alteneiji Wejdan , Albedwawi Shaikha , Al Raish Seham
Published: December 2023

In this study, the effects of food waste (FW) compost, vermicompost, and chemical fertilizers on the growth of organic red radish and soil quality are investigated to promote sustainable agriculture. Utilizing a comparative approach, it assesses the impacts of these fertilizers on various plant growth metrics and soil characteristics, highlighting the potential of converting FW into nutrient-rich amendments as a sustainable alternative to chemical fertilizers. The results indicate a significant variation in fresh weight among different treatments. For example, the FV 25% treatment demonstrated a relatively high mean fresh weight of 7.9664, while the CO 50% treatment yielded a much lower mean fresh weight of 0.2589. These numbers underscore the potential efficacy of specific FW treatments in enhancing plant growth, with VC 50% and FV 25% showing considerable promise in increasing crop yield. The study concludes that FW compost and vermicompost significantly enhance plant growth and soil quality, advocating for their use as sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives to chemical fertilizers. The findings emphasize the importance of selecting appropriate fertilizer types and concentrations to optimize agricultural productivity and environmental sustainability, supporting the incorporation of FW into agricultural systems as a beneficial resource.
Establishment of a Novel Anti-mouse CCR1 Monoclonal Antibody C1Mab-6
Authors: Ouchida Tsunenori , Isoda Yu , Tanaka Tomohiro , Kaneko Mika K. , Suzuki Hiroyuki , Kato Yukinari
Published: December 2023

C-C motif chemokine receptor 1 (CCR1/CD191) is a member of G-protein-coupled receptors, and is expressed on myeloid cells, such as neutrophils and macrophages. Because the CCR1 signaling promotes tumor expansion in the tumor microenvironment (TME), the modification of TME is an effective strategy for cancer therapy. Although CCR1 is an attractive target for solid tumors and hematological malignancies, anti-CCR1 therapeutic agents have not been approved. Here, we established a novel anti-mouse CCR1 (mCCR1) monoclonal antibody (mAb), C1Mab-6 (rat IgG2b, kappa), using the Cell-Based Immunization and Screening (CIBS) method. Flow cytometry and Western blot analyses showed that C1Mab-6 recognizes mCCR1 specifically. The dissociation constant of C1Mab-6 for mCCR1-overexpressed Chinese hamster ovary-K1 was determined as 3.9×10-9 M, indicating that C1Mab-6 possesses a high affinity to mCCR1. These results suggest that C1Mab-6 could be a useful tool for targeting CCR1 in preclinical mouse models.
Algae in Recreational Waters
Authors: Valeriani Federica , Carraturo Federica , Lofrano Giusy , Volpini Veronica , Izzo Michela Giovanna , Bruno Agnese , Guida Marco , Romano Spica Vincenzo
Published: December 2023

Recreational water activities are widely recognized to have a positive impact on our physical and mental well-being. However, recreational water sources and their management are also a risk factor for human health, due to different agents, including the overgrowth of cyanobacteria and algae. These organisms have the potential to metabolize organic matter and produce thermophilic and thermotolerant toxins. Different species of algae participate in biofilm formation and impact on maintenance of equipment for water treatment. We reviewed the state of the art by providing basic definitions, taxonomy and the epidemiological and clinical issues related to the recreational uses of waters. Methods for treatments and monitoring are summarized, considering both traditional and innovative strategies. Public health and surveillance perspectives impose to focus on the detection of toxins, the formation of biofilms, the understanding of the benthonic and planktonic components as part of a larger microbial biodiversity.
Papillary Carcinoma of the Thyroglossal Duct Cyst - A Case Report
Authors: Shah Aalesh , Gami Vismit , Vaidya Varun , Shah Sahil , Desai Dev
Published: December 2023

This report elucidates a case of papillary carcinoma of the Thyroglossal Duct Cyst in a 19-year-old female. The swelling at presentation was suprahyoid, fixed and non-mobile with deglutition or tongue protrusion. Papillary carcinoma was diagnosed post-op through histopathological examination and a follow-up total thyroidectomy was planned. As the origin of TGDC papillary carcinoma is highly debated, no evidence-based guidelines yet exist as to the best line of treatment, however, Sistrunk’s procedure followed by total/near total thyroidectomy is widely considered the standard management practice in such cases.
A Neoteric Approach toward Social Media in Public Health Informatics: A Narrative Review of Current Trends and Future Directions
Authors: Awan Asma , Gonzalez Ana , Sharma Manoj
Published: December 2023

Social media has become more popular in the last few years. It has been used in public health development and healthcare settings to promote healthier lifestyles. Given its important role in today's culture, it is necessary to understand its current trends and future directions in public health. This review aims to describe and summarize how public health professionals have been using social media to improve population outcomes. Additionally, it discusses potential future directions on how social media can be used to improve population health. The findings showed how social media has been used as a tool for research, designing and implementing health campaigns, messaging, and health promotion. In addition, social media integration with Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Generative Pre-Trained transformers (GPT) can have a big impact and offer an innovative approach to tackle the problems and difficulties in health informatics. These innovations might improve patient participation, individualized assistance, and care experiences. The research showed how likely social media will keep growing and evolving and, if used effectively, have the potential to help close public health gaps across different cultures and improve population health.
Challenges of Iron Chelation in Thalassemic Children
Authors: Adramerina Alkistis , Economou Marina
Published: December 2023

Thalassemia treatment still relies on supportive care, including mainly blood transfusion and iron chelation therapy. Iron chelation therapy is considered the main responsible factor for the marked improvement in survival of thalassemic patients. Hemosiderosis should be prevented with appropriate chelation therapy from early childhood, timely dose adjustment according to changing body weight, as well as close monitoring of organ iron overload. Three iron chelators are currently available and the choice of appropriate chelator or their combination in pediatric population is individualized, depending on iron overload in target organs, patient age, adverse events and compliance issues, due to the limitations in their administration.
Risk assessment of fungal formations in historic buildings based on dynamic thermo-hygrometric analysis
Authors: Carpino Cristina , Loukou Evangelia , Nicoletti Francesco , Chen Austin Miguel , Andersen Birgitte , Arcuri Natale
Published: December 2023

Historical and cultural heritage must be preserved and protected from deterioration. In particular, the integrity of structures is threatened by inadequate maintenance, exceptional events (such as fires and floods), and exposure to increasing air pollution. In addition, indoor environments may provide favorable conditions for colonizing harmful agents. Fungal contamination and growth in buildings can lead to the deterioration of surfaces. Fungi need damp environments to germinate and grow, for example, in the presence of water condensation on surfaces. In this paper, an investigation is carried out to examine the conditions that favor the growth of different fungal species on building materials commonly used in historic buildings, such as brick masonry, limestone, and plaster. The analyzed climatic conditions refer to three locations, typical of Northern, Central, and Southern Europe, respectively. These conditions are obtained using the DesignBuilder software. A more detailed analysis of the walls is then performed with the WUFI software. The paper suggests solutions to reduce the risk of fungal growth and, therefore, to avoid phenomena that can damage the historical heritage.
IoT sensor nodes for air pollution monitoring: A review
Authors: Guerrón Rocío Alejandra , D’Amore Francesco , Bencardino Mariantonia , Lamonaca Francesco , Colaprico Antonio , Lanuzza Marco , Taco Ramiro , Carnì Domenico Luca
Published: December 2023

Air quality is an important environmental concern, as it is strictly related to human health risks and adverse eff ects on it. Monitoring air pollutants and diff erent ancillary parameters is a feasible and crucial approach to address this challenge. This task typically involves high expenses in case measurements are carried out by using conventi onal measurement instruments and human operators. However, uti lizing measurement systems with low-cost sensors can reduce the overall implementati on eff ort. The aim of this paper is to describe the sensor node architecture applicable to a general monitoring system and based on this structure, review diff erent current low-cost measurement system proposals for outdoor air quality monitoring.
Time stability of the dynamic behaviour of a 3D-printed airless wheel by stereolithography
Authors: Annessi Alessandro , Quattrocchi Antonino , Pasinetti Simone , Martarelli Milena , Chiariotti Paolo , Castellini Paolo , Rossi Gianluca , Montanini Roberto
Published: December 2023

In this paper, the dynamic behavior of an airless wheel made by additive manufacturing is investigated. A lattice geometry is chosen as the cyclic pattern from which the wheel is built. Initially, a linear numerical model is used to preliminarily assess resonance frequency and mode shapes of the wheel. Afterwards, specimens were tested twice, in August 2020 and after six months, highlighting a relevant frequency and damping shift in the vibrational response. To better understand the reason behind the change over time in the wheel dynamic behavior, dedicated structural dynamics tests at varying temperature and humidity set points were performed in an environmental chamber, consisting in measuring the wheel vibrational response when subjected to temperature and humidity variation.
An app as a tool for detecting migrant females of Anguilla anguilla to support the wild population
Authors: Casalini Antonio , Gentile Laura , Emmanuele Pietro , Brusa Riccardo , Fusaroli Chiara , Lucchi Matteo , Tonetti Tiberio , Mordenti Oliviero
Published: December 2023

The eel (Anguilla anguilla) population in Europe has declined dramatically since the 1980s and shows no signs of recovery. There are several threats to this species: migratory barriers, loss of habitats, hydroelectric dams, overfishing, and illegal trade. As a result, the eel has become part of the ICUN endangered species and is protected by various institutions. Information data on the maturation stage is needed to monitor silver eel escapement and assess population trends. In the sampling activities spanning from 2012 to 2022 silver index was calculated on 1852 eels in the northern Adriatic Sea. With the help of machine learning technology, we trained an algorithm in pupil recognition and the calculation of horizontal eye diameter in eels. This study allowed us: a) to identify a single parameter to discriminate the sexual maturity of the eel and thus to know the female with a migratory instinct; b) to use this parameter as a proxy to develop an easy and user-friendly app for all management operators.
Realisation and characterisation of Cu-based references for neutron imaging calibration purposes and first results
Authors: Vietti Amina , Vigorelli Luisa , Grassini Sabrina , Guidorzi Laura , Magalini Marta , Re Alessandro , Lo Giudice Alessandro , Grazzi Francesco , Gelli Nicla
Published: December 2023

The long-term purpose of this study is to assess the capabilities of the new Neutron Imaging beamline developed at the LENA facility of Pavia (Italy) for the characterisation of bronze artefacts. In this preliminary work, a set of Cu-based reference alloys has been produced and analysed in order to test and calibrate the facility. The first step involved the production of Cu-based alloys with chemical composition and microstructure similar to ancient artefacts. The chemical composition of the reference alloys was analysed by Optical Emission Spectroscopy. Secondly, some samples were artificially patinated with different chemical treatments obtaining an artificial corrosion products layer comparable to natural corrosion. X-Ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Raman Spectroscopy have been used to characterise the corrosion patina. The main corrosion products on sulphate-induced patina are cuprite and brochantite, whereas atacamite and clinoatacamite were detected on chloride-induced patinas. Finally, preliminary Neutron Imaging measurements were performed on a first set of coated and uncoated specimens in order to try to correlate the neutrons attenuation coefficients with the chemical compositions with promising results.
The Complexities of Implementing Gazetted Fatwas in Malaysia's Federal Territories
Authors: Zainal Abidin Nur Hazirah , Nasohah Zaini
Published: December 2023

In Malaysia, non-compliance with a fatwa constitutes a breach under Shariah criminal jurisprudence. In such violations, it is imperative to undertake appropriate enforcement measures to address and mitigate the issue effectively. However, the implementation of enforcement has many challenges. One of the main challenges in enforcing a Shariah criminal offense is to meet the elements of proof for each offense committed. This article aimed to discuss some of the challenges regarding the enforcement of fatwas in the Federal State Territory. This research adopts a qualitative methodology, employing document analysis as a primary tool for data collection. Additionally, the study utilizes interviews to gather insights about the challenges encountered in enforcing fatwas within the community. The collected data is subsequently subjected to descriptive analysis for a comprehensive understanding. The results of the study found that among the main challenges faced by the Enforcement Division of the Federal Territory Islamic Religious Department (JAWI) are the weakness in fulfilling the elements of proving the wrongdoing of the fatwa, lack of specific expertise in matters related to investigation and intelligence as well as a lack of enforcement officers. This situation significantly influences the enforcement department's capacity to implement fatwa compliance measures within this state effectively.
CONTROLE TECTÔNICO PÓS-RIFT EM ESCARPAS DE PLANALTO DA BORDA MERIDIONAL DA BACIA DO JATOBÁ
Authors: Vieira Júlia , Da Silva Genisson Panta , Melo Jonas , Monteiro Kleython de Araújo
Published: December 2023

Considerando o Nordeste Oriental como um vasto cenário de domínios morfoestruturais ligados à evolução pós-rifte da abertura do atlântico sul e a pulsos tectônicos recentes, tem-se como um conspícuo exemplo a borda meridional da Bacia Sedimentar do Jatobá, onde consta-se a presença de blocos alçados acima da superfície de cimeira regional e anomalias ligadas à padrões fluviais locais. Assim, este trabalho propôs a investigação dos mecanismos da evolução topográfica pós-rifte atuantes na área, a partir de condicionantes morfoestruturais e evidências na drenagem, utilizando de parâmetros morfológicos e morfométricos. A partir da aplicação dos índices de sinuosidade de frente de montanha (sfm), índice de declividade do canal normalizado (ksn) e pela extração de lineamentos do relevo, constou-se anomalias em padrões de drenagem (como kinicpoints e padrões retilíneos) e compartimentos do relevo (como rupturas de patamares e alinhamento aos principais trends estruturais regionais de direção preferencial NW-SE), corroborando com a hipótese de que movimentações tectônicas cenozoicas, pela manutenção de escarpas erosivas em planaltos sedimentares de que possuem cotas topográficas semelhantes aos planaltos cristalinos, numa mesma superfície alçada num contexto de margem passiva.
Effectiveness of online wheelchair mobility and transfer training on the occupational performance in people with spinal cord injuries
Authors: Parvaneh Shahriar , Motaharinezhad Fatemeh , Mohajer Mona , Hoseinpoor Fatemeh , Salimi Yahya
Published: December 2023

Background Online training for the rehabilitation of People with Spinal Cord injuries (PwSCI) is necessary. Various environmental barriers create challenges in transferring and transporting these individuals out of the home to participate in face-to-face interventions. Furthermore, these challenges were exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic in the past.Study Design: A single-blind randomized controlled trial.Objectives This research aims to investigate the effectiveness of online wheelchair mobility and transfer training, on the level of performance and satisfaction in PwSCI.Setting: SCI associations and hospitals and clinical centers.Methods The PwSCI were randomly divided into an online training group (OTG) and a control group (CG). The OTG received online training during 5 group sessions for five weeks. The results were analyzed to compare changes in occupational performance level and satisfaction after the intervention, and one month later.Results 37 (CG = 18 and OTG = 19) out of 49 participants completed the 5-week intervention and follow-up assessments. The average age of participants in the CG was 35.0 years, and the OTG was 33.7 years. We found a significant increase in performance (p < 0.001) and satisfaction (p < 0.001) within the OTG during the pre-post assessment. There were also significant differences in performance (p < 0.026) and satisfaction (p < 0.015) between groups.Conclusion The results showed that online wheelchair mobility and transfer training can be a suitable method for telerehabilitation and training PwSCI.
Selective mortality leads to competitive release of a foundational perennial grass in an aridifying grassland
Authors: Hoy-Skubik Sean Lawrence , Hoover David , Pfennigwerth Alix , Knight Anna , Duniway Mike
Published: December 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Life cycle impact of concrete masonry blocks incorporating demolition waste
Authors: Gillani Syed Tafheem Abbas , Hu Kui , Chen Yujing , Zhang Taoli , Hu Ruixin
Published: December 2023

Building demolition waste has a significant Environmental impact (EI) including waste generation, CO₂ emissions and land use alteration. Recycling and reutilizing these materials possess the potential to alleviate the strain on landfills and diminish the dependence on natural resources. Recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) from demolished structures were used in producing concrete masonry blocks (CMBs). The mechanical characteristics of the CMB were evaluated and life cycle assessment (LCA) calculations were conducted to assess the environmental implications of the materials employed in the manufacturing process of CMB. Incorporating 25% RCA into CMB resulted in a 1.8% decrease in compressive strength (CS). Subsequently, as the RCA content increased to 50%, 75%, and 100%, CS exhibited a consistent decreasing pattern, with reductions of 2.9%, 10.9%, and 16.4%, respectively. Ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) results showed a replicating trend in the CS. Substituting RCA with natural aggregates reduced carbon emissions by 10% but high volumes of RCA were ineffective in reducing emissions due to their adverse impact on CS. When comparing the EI of coarse aggregates only, RCA shows 84% less impact than natural coarse aggregates.
Efficacy of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide in Heart Failure Patients: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-control clinical trial
Authors: Meng Xuyang , Li Yi , Weng Sixian , Guo Ying , Pei Zuowei , Dong Ming , Wang Xiang , Xia Chenxi , Wang Fang
Published: December 2023

Background: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a coenzyme for most redox reactions in metabolic processes. Heart failure occurs in the end stage of various cardiovascular diseases and is associated with a deficit in NAD+. The improvement of cardiac bioenergetics and cardiac function by supplementation of NAD+ has attracted broad intensive attention. Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of NAD+ in the treatment of heart failure.
Methods: Sixty eligible participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to NAD+ group or placebo group and administrated with Coenzyme Ⅰ for injection (Powder for Injection, 50mg/day) or same volume of normal saline for 7-10 days. All subjects were followed up for 3 months. Transthoracic Doppler Echocardiography should be examined at the time of enrollment and 3 months follow-up. Myocardial work is derived from the strain-pressure relation, integrating in its calculation the noninvasive arterial pressure.
Results: In all the 55 participants who completed the study, after treatment for heart failure, LVEF improved significantly in both NAD+ and placebo groups (both P＜0.0001). In per-protocol analysis, LVEF, GWI and GWE of NAD+ group were extremely increased after 3 months of follow-up compared with baseline (all P＜0.05). Furthermore, only in participants with LVEF＞40%, GWI, GWW and GWE provided significant differences between baseline and 3 months follow-up in NAD+ group (all P＜0.05).
Conclusion: This study evaluated the efficacy of NAD+ in the treatment of HF by echocardiography, and confirmed that supplementation of NAD+ was beneficial to the improvement of cardiac function in HF patients, especially in patients with LVEF＞40%.
Genetic Expressions and Evaluation of Insecticidal activity of some Essential Oil and Methomyl Lannate 90% against Spodoptera frugiperda
Authors: Sadek Hanaa E , Elbehery Huda H , Mohamed shereen Abdel-Hameed , T.E Abd El-wahab
Published: December 2023

Background: Fall Armyworm (FAW)Spodoptera frugiperdais regarded as a major pest of various economic crops, their caterpillars are a highly destructive and have a wide host range. The application of traditional pesticides is the main strategies used for its control, that resulting to number of negative impacts of pesticides on the environment and development of pesticide resistance.MethodsThis study's goal was to assess the insecticide potency of three essential oils [ rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalisL.), lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) and Cinnamon (Cinnamomumzeylanicum)] and Methomyl Lannate 90% commerial Insecticide to controlS. frugiperda(fall armyworm) and their effected-on Expression of caspase-8 and Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein (IAP) genes and Expression of Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) gene in Fall Armyworm (FAW).ResultsThe insecticidal activity against 2ndlarval instar of fall armyworm was evaluated with five concentrations (2.5%, 2%, 1.0%, 0.5% and 0.25%) for essential oil and four concentrations 0.4%, 0.2%,0.15% and 0.05% for Methomyl Lannate 90%. The findings indicated that raising both essential oil concentrations and Methomyl Lannate 90%, resulted in increased the larval mortality at high concentration. The expression levels of Ache gene in the treated by low dose (0.3 µ/L) of Methomyl Lannate were increased (by 313%) significant compared with the control but without significant differences.Conclusions, the tested essential oils showed insecticidal activity against the2ndlarval instar ofS. frugiperdadeath as a result of treatment with the tested oils having an effect on the genes that the pest uses to express critical processes (genes of apoptosis).
A comparative assessment of biomethane potential of fresh fecal matter and fecal sludge and its correlation with malodor
Authors: Choudhury Atun Roy , Singh Neha , Lalwani Jitesh , Rao Goriparthi Mallikarjuna , Prakash Konyala Bhanu , Chiradeep Nadella , Abhishek Nayakwadi , Palani Sankar Ganesh
Published: December 2023

Comprehensive and proper management of fecal sludge (FS) is an ongoing concern in many nations. Decentralized fecal sludge treatment plants (FSTPs) are effective in this regard; however, many have experienced strong public opposition, based partly on suspicion of malodor. Fecal sludge and freshly generated fecal matter (FM) samples from various FSTPs were collected, characterized, and investigated for biomethane potential. The homogenized samples were anaerobically digested for 28 days. Digestion successfully reduced total suspended solids, biochemical oxygen demand, and threshold odor number values of 97,350-97,420 mg/l, 43,230-43,260 mg/l, and 130-150 for FM, to 49,500-49,650 mg/l, 23,760-23,850 mg/l, and 33-38, respectively, for FS samples. The comprehensive gas yield from Bhongir, Boduppal, and Shadnagar FS samples was 40, 55, and 31 ml, respectively. In contrast, cumulative gas generation from the FM was 26,361 ml. Digestion of FS samples also reduced concentrations of volatile solids and coliforms by 66-72% and 99%, respectively. Characterization of gas samples revealed methane and carbon dioxide concentrations as 56% and 22% for FM, and 0.4% and 61% for FS samples, respectively. Hydrogen sulfide and ammonia gas were absent in FS samples, dispelling common societal misconceptions of FSTPs being associated with malodor.
A new data-driven model to predict monthly runoff at watershed scale: insights from deep learning method applied in data-driven model
Authors: Jia Shunqing , Wang Xihua , Liu Zejun , Mao Boyang
Published: December 2023

Accurate forecasting of mid to long-term runoff is essential for water resources management and planning. However, the traditional model can’t predict well and the precision of runoff forecast needs to be further improved. Here, we proposed a noval data-driven model called RLMD -SMA-GRU for mid to long-term runoff prediction in three hydrographic stations (Heishiguan, Baimasi and Longmenzhen) of Yiluo River Watershed (middle of China) using monthly runoff data from 2007 to 2022. The results showed that (1) the new data-driven model (RLMD -SMA-GRU) had the highest monthly runoff prediction accuracy. Both RLMD and SMA can improve the prediction accuracy of the model (NSE=0.9466). (2) The accuracy of Models in wet season outperformed in dry season. (3) The hydrological stations with large discharge and stable runoff sequence have better forecasting effect. The RLMD-SMA-GRU model has good applicability and can be applied to the monthly runoff forecast at watershed scale.
Explainable and generalizable AI-driven informatics for modeling an ultra-precision machining temperature conditioning system
Authors: Luo Chen , Li Aojin , Xiao Jiang , Li Ming , Zhou Lingchuan , Li Chuan , Li Yun
Published: December 2023

Certain ultra-precision machining requires high-precision control of its operating temperature, which requires high-fidelity modeling that reflects variations in the operating conditions. Machine learning based data-driven models and models derived from physical principles are currently inadequate in this regard. This paper develops a modeling method based on heterogenous informatics towards explainable and generalizable artificial intelligence (AI). The method integrates first principles of a white-box model with machine learning black boxes, resulting in a “gray-box model”. The physical principles play the role of an explainable global meta-structure of the overall system, while the black boxes play the role for generalizable local fitting. The gray-box model thus aggregates implicit variables and relationships between variables that cannot be captured otherwise in a white-box model due to ignored or unmeasurable nonlinearities, including nonlinear trends in the operating conditions. Experiments on an industrial clean-room high-precision temperature control system verify that the output of the gray-box model is closer to the actual system response compared with conventional models under varying operating conditions.
Spectroscopy-Guided Discovery of Three-Dimensional Structures of Disordered Materials with Diffusion Models
Authors: Pham Tuan Anh , Kwon Hyuna , Hsu Tim , Sun Wenyu , Jeong Wonseok , Aydin Fikret , Chapman James , Chen Xiao , Carbone Matthew , Lu Deyu , Zhou Fei
Published: December 2023

The ability to rapidly develop materials with desired properties has a transformative impact on a broad range of emerging technologies. In this work, we introduce a new framework based on the diffusion model, a recent generative machine learning method, to predict 3D structures of disordered materials from a target property. For demonstration, we apply the model to identify the atomic structures of amorphous carbons (a-C) as a representative material system from the target X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectra--a common experimental technique to probe atomic structures of materials. We show that conditional generation guided by XANES spectra reproduces key features of the target structures. Furthermore, we show that our model can steer the generative process to tailor atomic arrangements for a specific XANES spectrum. Finally, our generative model exhibits a remarkable scale-agnostic property, thereby enabling generation of realistic, large-scale structures through learning from a small-scale dataset (i.e., with small unit cells). Our work represents a significant stride in bridging the gap between materials characterization and atomic structure determination; in addition, it can be leveraged for materials discovery in exploring various material properties as targeted.
miR-451a was selectively sorted into exosomes and promoted the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma through CAB39
Authors: Cheng Xiaolong , Wang Lu , Wu Qinglu , Liu Huijuan , Liu Yiqian , Yan Zhenpeng , Chen Guohui , Shang Yao , Xu Songrui , Zhou Qichao , Ting Yan
Published: December 2023

Exosomes are emerging mediators of cell-cell communication, which are secreted from cells and may be conveyed to recipient cells for cell biological processes. Here, we examined exosome miRNA expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells. We examine different miRNA expressions in cells and exosomes. To study the mechanisms of miRNA packaging into exosomes, we combined exosome proteomic data which is miR-451a interacts with YWHAE. Esophageal squamous tissues and matched tissues were compared from 155 patients, and CAB39 is related to TGF-β1. We found that miR-451a was encapsulated in the exosomes. Overexpression of YWHAE leads to miR-451a accumulation in the exosomes instead of donor cells. Furthermore, CAB39 was targeted with miR-451a. We found that CAB39 weakens antitumor immunity through TGF-β1 in ESCC. In summary, our data demonstrated that YWHAE selectively sorted miR-451a into exosomes and through the target of CAB39 weakened antitumor immunity promotes tumor progression.
Galcanezumab for the preventive treatment of episodic and chronic migraine in real life: A prospective multicenter study in Colombia and Mexico including effects on anxiety and depression - On behalf of ASOLACE
Authors: Munoz-Cerón Joe , Vélez-Jiménez Karina , Bohorquez-Valderrama Stephanía , Ildefonso Rodríguez-Leyva , Hernández-Beltrán Natalia , Gallo-Eugenio Loren , Moreno-Rodríguez Claudia , Jiménez-Jaramillo Juan , Guerra-Posada Carolina , Ramos-Romero Marta , Bernal-Cobo Rafael , Rojas-Villegas Yessica , Cavanzo-Henao Paula , Reydmar López-González
Published: December 2023

Introduction
Galcanezumab is an innovative therapeutic option for individuals with migraine. To date, there is no information regarding treatment results for Colombia and Mexico. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy and tolerability of galcanezumab in real life in patients from Colombia and Mexico.
Materials and methods
This was a prospective, independent, multicenter, real-life study. Ninety-eight patients ≥18 years of age with a diagnosis of episodic and chronic migraine (ICHD3 criteria) were included. At baseline, 3 months and 6 months, comparative analyses of migraine days/month, the HIT-6, GAD-7, PHQ-9 scales, analgesic days/month, global self-perception and incidence of collateral effects were performed.
Results
Ninety-eight patients were included [mean age, 43.6 (SD 12.91); age range, 18-82 years; women, 85.7%]. At baseline, 72.4% and 27.6% of patients had chronic migraine and episodic migraine, respectively. In the episodic migraine group, there was a decrease in migraine days from baseline [6.7 (IQR 9-3.5)] to 3 months [2 (IQR 4-1)] and 6 months [2 (IQR 3.5-1)] of follow-up(p 0.01 baseline vs 6 months).
Patients with chronic migraine changed from [24.2 (IQR 30-20)] at baseline to [9 (IQR 4-19.25)] at month 3 and to [6 (IQR 15-4)] at the end of follow-up (p< 0.01). HIT-6, GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores were significantly lower at months 3 and 6 than at baseline. De novo constipation occurred in 8% of participants.
Conclusion
This study offers evidence of the efficacy of galcanezumab in real life, including an impact on psychiatric variables.