bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identifying Political Global Ideology in Prime Minster of Pakistan Imran Khan’s Speech at United Nations General Assembly
Authors: Abida Ali
Published: September 2021

Language, power and ideology are prominent hallmarks of political discourse those interact to code and decode ideologies on global and national level. His speech in UNGA reflects the diplomatic political ideas to tackle the sensitive sentimental and historical issue between nuclear powers in a strategic rational mode. This investigation attempts to explore the real political global philosophy, the actional vs. relational elements in the speech and its role in the construction of Pakistan’s image around the globe. This is significant as it reveals the role of language in the construction of world views. It also reflects the hyperbolic, sentimental and active element in it by western print media. Hodge and Kress (1996) Syntagmatic Model has been used as a theoretical framework. Qualitative method is used to identify the syntagmatic hallmarks and ideology in the political discourse. Data has been collected through purposive sampling technique. The findings of this study shows that Mr. Khan performs the actional transactive role as a dynamic responsible political leader and casts positive impact on cognition of UN and confronting power. He propagates the global political ideology which is anti-war and co-operation for the creation of peace. Similarly, he highlights the power ideology through the use of language as both countries are nuclear powers and use of power in reaction to the over use of authority in Kashmir by Indian government will lead to the dead end. Consequently, he uses deep, sentimental, rational and actional words as represented by WPM to influence the cognition, perception and consciousness of the other leader and nations. So that he can lead the historical challenging Kashmir issue on the way to solution and constructs the positive image of Pakistan. Briefly, this research will help the future researchers to investigate the interpersonal meta-functions and critical stylistic analysis of this political discourse.
KAJIAN PENGAWASAN APRON OLEH APRON MOVEMENT CONTROL (AMC) DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEDISIPLINAN DI APRON PT ANGKASA PURA I (PERSERO) BANDAR UDARA ADI SOEMARMO SURAKARTA TAHUN 2019
Authors: Setyawati Aswanti , Aristiyanto Fransiskus Kresna
Published: September 2021

Adapun permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana pengawasan Standart Operatinal Procedure oleh petugas unit AMC di Bandar Udara Adi Soemarmo Surakarta , bagaimana pelanggaran yang dilakukan pada sisi udara (airside) di Bandar Udara Adi Soemarmo Surakarta (data tahun 2019), bagaimana peran kerja unit AMC dalam menaikan tingkat kedisiplinan di apron Bandar Udara Adi Soemarmo Surakarta. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengawasan Standart Operational Procedure oleh petugas unit AMC di Bandar Udara Adi Soemarmo Surakarta untuk mengetahui pelanggaran yang dilakukan pada sisi udara (airside) di Bandar Udara Adi Soemarmo Surakarta, untuk mengetahui Peran kerja unit AMC dalam menaikan tingkat kedisiplinan di apron Bandar Udara Adi Soemarmo Surakarta. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif menggunakan analisis fishbone diagram, dalam teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi serta penyebaran kuisioner dan memanfaatkan data dokumen serta riset kepustakaan. Dari hasil analisis dan pembahasan menghasilkan perlu nya koordinasi antar stakeholders dalam menjalankan Standart Operational Procedure (SOP) pada pelayanan pemakaian garbarata, terdapat total 44 pelanggaran dari berbagai macam bentuk pelanggaran di area sisi udara (airside), aspek terendah pada peran kerja unit AMC dalam menaikan tingkat kedisiplinan yaitu manpower, manchines, dan dua subvariabel motivation.
EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN ELECTRONIC FLIGHT BAG DAN BUDAYA KESELAMATANTERHADAP KINERJA KESELAMATAN PENERBANGAN DI PT. GARUDA INDONESIA
Authors: Kuncoro Hendro , Harahap Vica
Published: September 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh efektivitas penggunaan electronic flight bag dan budaya keselamatan terhadap kinerja keselamatan penerbangan Garuda Indonesia. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer yang diperoleh dengan cara penyebaran kuesioner yang didistribusikan secara online kepada sampel penerbang Garuda Indonesia sebanyak 35 orang yang khusus menerbangkan pesawat jenis Airbus A330. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Perhitungan data dibantu dengan paket SPSS versi 25 menunjukkan hubungan antar variabel yang sangat kuat, searah dan positif. Hasil olah data lainnya menununjukan efektivitas penggunaan electronic flight bag dan budaya keselamatan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja keselamatan penerbangan sebesar 78,8%, dimana budaya keselamatan berpengaruh dominan terhadap mempengaruhi kinerja keselamatan penerbangan.
KAJIAN PELAKSANAAN E-TILANG UNTUK ANGKUTAN BARANG
Authors: Haradongan Fedrickson
Published: September 2021

Penerapan E-Tilang bagi angkutan barang telah mulai diberlakukan dari awal maret tahun 2018. Sistem e-tilang di jembatan timbang memungkinkan proses tilang bisa berjalan dengan lebih cepat, sehingga kedua belah belah pihak (petugas dan pelanggar lalu lintas) tidak perlu membuang banyak waktu untuk proses persidangan. Sistem yang menggunakan aplikasi elektronik ini juga akan memudahkan proses kelanjutan dari tilang, sehingga pelanggar lebih mudah dalam menyelesaikan perkara tilang yang sedang dijalaninya. Bukan hanya itu saja, bagi petugas, sistem ini juga akan memungkinkan terjadinya transparansi di dalam proses tilang itu sendiri. E-Tilang tentu akan dapat menekan aksi pungli yang sering terjadi pada sistem tilang manual, di mana kemungkinan kesalahan prosedur dan kelalaian oleh oknum petugas bisa saja terjadi. Sistem E-tilang menggantikan sistem tilang manual yang menggunakan menggunakan blanko/surat tilang, dimana pengendara yang melanggar akan dicatat melalui aplikasi yang dimiliki database UPPKB (Unit Pelaksana Penimbangan Kendaraan Bermotor). E-tilang seharusnya memiliki kelebihan pelayanan yang lebih cepat dari pada tilang konvensional. Kelebihannya adalah sistem ini sangat praktis dan cepat. Penerapan sistem tilang elektronik (E-tilang) ini untuk memfasilitasi kecepatan dan kemudahan, keterbukaan pelaksanaan proses tilang atau sebagai pengganti proses tilang di tempat. Penerapan E-tilang angkutan barang sebenarnya sebuah pilihan penindakan yang efektif kepada pelanggaran over dimensi dan over load angkutan barang. Walaupun  demikian belum dapat dikatakan bahwa pelaksanaan E-tilang angkutan barang ini efektif karena proses digitalisasi E-tilang angkutan barang di Indonesia masih belum optimal (membutuhkan waktu berhari-hari).
Estimating the economic value of absorbing and storing carbon in dipterocarp forests in Ia Pa district, Gia Lai province
Authors: Nguyen Trang T. Q.
Published: September 2021

Dry dipterocarp forest is one of the ecosystems that features variety of rare plants and animals. The forest in Ia Pa district, Gia Lai province is declining owing to illegal logging and encroachment of forest land for cultivation. Forest degradation can reduce CO2 sequestration, contributing to increasing greenhouse gas emission and global warming. The study was carried out in the 4 quadrats (each 2,500 m2 = 50 × 50 m) in dry dipterocarp forest of Ia Pa district. In each quadrat, 5 sub-quadrats (each 25 m2 = 5 × 5 m) were set up, one at a central point and four at four corners of the quadrat, respectively. Based on the relationship between carbon stock and above-ground biomass, we found that CO2 accumulation in dry dipterocarp forest was 105.6 tons/ha corresponding to the economic value of 12,299,760 VND/ha. Thus, it is necessary to improve forest quality towards sustainable management of dry dipterocarp forest ecosystem and increase the economic value of the forest with respect to environmental services.
Antibiotic resistance of E. coli isolated from whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) collected from wet markets and supermarkets in Ho Chi Minh city and their transferability
Authors: Nguyen Kha H. N.
Published: September 2021

In this study, a collection of 130 E. coli isolated from white-leg shrimp collected from three wet markets and two supermarkets in Ho Chi Minh City was analysed to examine their antibiotic resistance characteristics and the transferability of resistance markers. High levels of resistance to ampicillin, tetracyclines, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, nalidixic acid and chloramphenicol were observed. The percentage of multiple drug resistance (4 to 10 tested antibiotics) was 73.8%. The multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index values of 0.4 to 0.73 (of each sample collection site) indicated that these isolates were exposed to high risk sources of contamination where antibiotics were commonly used. Conjugation experiments demonstrated the successful transfer of all or part of the resistance phenotypes of shrimp isolates to the human recipient strains
Effects of soaking and germination conditions on gamma - aminobutyric acid and total phenolic content in geminated mung bean
Authors: Vu Anh T.
Published: September 2021

Germinated mung bean is a well-known food due to its high content of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA). This study was designed to test the effectiveness of soaking and germination conditions on GABA and total phenolic contents in germinated mung bean. The results showed that reasonable conditions for soaking mung bean was at 30oC within 8 h, which created the highest content of GABA (4.51 mg/g). Meanwhile, the highest content of polyphenol (1.25 mg GAE/g) was reached at 35oC within 8 h. The optimized conditions for germinating mung bean were at 35oC for 24 h giving the highest content for both GABA and TPC, 4.46 mg/g and 1.30 mg GAE/g, respectively.
Assessment of the willingness of households to pay for clean water use in Cang Long district, Tra Vinh province
Authors: Le Dung C.
Published: September 2021

This study aimed to estimate the willingness of households to pay for domestic clean water use against its price in rural areas of Cang Long district, Tra Vinh province. This research also identified the possibility and factors affecting the willingness to pay for a given price of 6,500 VND or above per m3 of clean water. A contingent valuation method with multiple prices (bidding game) ranging from VND 5,000 to VND 9,000 per m3 of clean water was applied to interview 120 households in Cang Long district. Results showed that the mean willingness to pay was VND 6,200 for each m3 of clean water used. The income positively affected the willingness to pay against the price of 6,500 VND or above whereas the household size had a negative impact on this parameter. It is suggested that the service provider should consider to extent the minimum volume of water used up to 10 m3/month instead of 4 m3/month in accordance with the minimum price of 5,700 VND per m3 of water used.
Optimization of alcoholic fermentation of custard apple juice by Saccharomyces cerevisiae using response surface methodology
Authors: Phan Huan T.
Published: September 2021

In recent years, custard apple fruit has been applied in food processing with various products. The objective of this study was to valorize a fermented fruit drink from a Vietnamese local custard apple fruit by the alcoholic fermentation of the juice using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Response surface methodology was used to describe dependency of soluble solid content, inoculum size of yeast and fermentation time on ethanol production during fermentation of custard apple juice by Saccharomyces cerevisiae SLS. The experiments were performed according to the central composite design with total soluble solid content ranging from 16 to 20oBrix, inoculum size of yeast from 1% to 3%, and fermentation time from 42 to 48 h. A quadratic model was developed to correlate the variables to the ethanol yield and sensory score. The results showed that a production of ethanol from the custard apple juice could be achieved reaching up to 5.1% (v/v) at optimum conditions of 19oBrix, 2% yeast and 44-h fermentation time. The model predictions agreed satisfactorily with the experimental values
Histopathological Evaluation of Endoscopic Esophageal Biopsies
Authors: Ishtiaq Sheeba , Gul Ayesha , Umair Hina
Published: September 2021

Background: Esophageal lesions have a wide range of clinical and pathologic spectrum. Understanding the endoscopic and pathologic features of esophageal lesions is critical for detecting, differentiating, and managing them. Esophageal lesions incidence might be neoplastic or non-neoplastic. Aim: The current study aims to assess the clinical, endoscopic and histopathological evaluation of Esophageal Lesions. Materials and Methods: The current cross-sectional study was conducted on 102 esophageal lesions received at the Pathology Department of Gulab Devi Chest Hospital, Lahore for the period during June 2020 to May 2021. Endoscopy was used to obtain esophageal biopsies of either gender, regardless of their age. Each case was microscopically evaluated, and biopsy specimens were immediately secured in 10% buffered neutral formalin. Data analysis and collection was done in SPSS version 21. Results: Out of 102 endoscopic esophageal biopsies referred to Pathology Department for histopathological evaluation,male and female prevalence were 68 (66.7%) and 34 (33.3%) respectively. The overall mean age was 53.24±6.73 with an age range from 21 to 80 years. Based on age, the patient’s biopsies were categorized into six groups. A higher prevalence of esophageal lesions was observed in 51-60 (36.3%) years followed by age group 61-70 years (23.5%). Of the 102 patient’s biopsies,66 (64.7%) biopsy revealed squamous cell carcinoma, squamous dysplasia cases were 12 (11.8%), squamous papilloma was seen in one (0.98%) case, Adenocarcinoma cases were 4 (3.9%), Barrett’s esophagus was 4 (3.9%), esophagitis was 11 (10.8%) and squamous epithelium only was present in 4 (3.9%) cases. Conclusion: Esophageal cancer is the common digestive tract malignancy. Malignancy can be distinguished from non-neoplastic masses on endoscopy by their symptoms, appearanceand size. For an early esophageal disease diagnosis, endoscopy is a popular and developed inspection means which can identify Barrett’s esophagus and squamous dysplasia from malignant lesions,which can help in proper treatment and follow-up. Microscopic evaluation of lesions labeled as inflammatory on endoscopy can turn out to be malignant. This demonstrates the importance of microscopic examination as a confirmatory diagnostic tool. Accurate diagnosis can be carried out on microscopic examination with immunohistochemistry and histochemical stains. Keywords: Esophagus; Epithelial lesions; Sub-epithelial lesions; Endoscopy
Management of Post Tracheotomy Hemorrhage and Evaluation of Causing Factors
Authors: Zada Bakht , Iqbal Zafar , Muhammad Tahir , Saleem Rehan , Rasheed Muhammad Tayyab , Habib Muhammad
Published: September 2021

Objective: To understand the frequency, causes, and treatment of post-tracheostomy hemorrhage. Study Design: A prospective study of tracheostomy cases. Place and duration: ENT, Head & Neck Surgery department of Lady Reading Hospital MTI, Peshawar and Azra Nahid Medical College, Lahore for duration of one year from July 2019 to June 2020. Methodology: All hospitalized patients who underwent tracheostomy and had bleeding during this period were included. The parameters specified were demographics, time since surgery, degree of bleeding, causes of bleeding, and treatment. A total of 208 patients who have done with tracheostomy were selected. Results: Tracheostomy was performed in a total of 208 patients, 142 men and 66 women. Their ages ranged from 20 to 70 years old. 22 patients (10.6%) had postoperative bleeding, most of them have oozingfrom or around the stoma, but 5 patients were taken to the operating room for hemostasis. Three of them had Tracheo- innominate artery fistula and two died before undergoing surgery. One of the three trachea-innominatefistulae were successfully treated by a cardiac surgeon. The remaining cases required diathermy, transfixing thyroid isthmus or vein descent or relegation of veins. Conclusions: Hemorrhage after tracheostomy is not uncommon in intensive practice, bleeding occurred in 10.5% of our cases. Hemorrhage occurs because of inadequate hemostasis, aspiration trauma, infection, coagulopathy and granulation. Rarely, there may be massive and life-threatening bleeding from tracheo-innominate fistula that requires aggressive and urgent exploration. In such a situation, an experienced cardiac surgeon and anesthesiologist is very important and can lead to a better result. Key words: Tracheostomy, post-tracheostomy hemorrhage, Tracheo-innominate artery fistula (TIF)
Efficacy of Grommet Insertion for Improvement in Hearing among Patients of Secretory Otitis Media
Authors: Zada Bakht , Muhammad Tahir , Habib Muhammad , Iqbal Zafar , Saleem Rehan , Rasheed Muhammad Tayyab
Published: September 2021

Aim: To determine the improvement of hearing after grommet insertion in patients with secretory otitis media. Study Design:A Quasi-Experimental study. Place and Duration: ENT, Head & Neck Surgery department of Lady Reading Hospital MTI, Peshawar and Azra Nahid Medical College, Lahore for duration of two years from February 2019 to February 2021. Methods: The study was performed on 48 ears with secretory otitis media. Before the operation,evaluation of both ears along with tympanmontometry and Pure Tone Audiometry were performed. Documentation ofhearing loss was done pre-operatively. During the operation accomplished under GA, a grommetwas placed in the anterior inferior quadrant of the tympanic membrane. After the surgery, PTA was repeated in the postoperative period before the patient was discharged from the hospital. Results:Our study included 28 patients with secretory otitis media and a total of 48 ears. Of the ears, 27 (56.25%) were male and 21 (43.75%) were female. Both ears were affected in 21 patients. Two patients had unilateral ear involvement. The right ear was affected in 26 cases (51.1%) and the left ear in 22 cases (48.9%). 7-55 years was the age range of the patients and 14.10 ± 9.11 years was the mean age. The degree of preoperative hearing loss was mild (20-40 dB) in 5 (10.41%) ears, moderate (40-60 dB) in 37 (77.1%) ears and severe (60-80 dB) in 6 (12.5%) ears. The degree of postoperative hearing loss was mild (20-40 dB) in 36 ears (75%), moderate (40-60 dB) in 11 ears (22.9%) and severe (60-80 dB) in one ear (2.1%). Hearing improvement was not seen in 8 (16.6%) ears, an improvement of 5-10 dB in 34 (70.8%) ears, and an improvement of 10-20 dB in 6 (12.5%) ears. There was a statistically significant difference between preoperative and postoperative hearing loss in the ears, the hearing loss was significantly less after grommet insertion; p = 0.017. Conclusion:The insertion of Grommet provides a significant improvement in hearing in patients with secretory otitis media. Keywords:Pure tone audiometry, Tympanometry, Middle ear, Secretory otitis Media and Grommets.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Doppler Ultrasonography for Diagnosis of Epididymo-Orchitis in Patients presenting with Scrotal Swelling
Authors: Memon Jawad Ali , Ahmed Adnan , Qureshi Mumtaz Ahmed , Rehman Hafeez ur , Baig Tahir , Shah Rabia
Published: September 2021

Background and Aims: Epididymitis, orchitis, testicular torsion and appendix testis torsion causes most common and acute scrotal pain. The scrotal pain and complications could be diagnosed with Doppler ultrasound and histopathology post-surgery procedures. The current study aims to determine diagnostic accuracy of Doppler Ultrasonography for diagnosis of epididymis-orchitis in patients presenting with Scrotal Swelling. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 121 scrotal masses patients during the period from April 2020 to September 2020 at the radiology department ofLiaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro. Individuals who met the inclusive criteria were enrolled and consent form was taken from each patient. The patient’s age range was 15 to 68 years old with mean ± SD 34.5 ± 12.4. All the patients were presented with scrotal swelling. After history taken from the individual, Doppler ultrasound (DUS) was conducted. The final outcomes were compared by radiologist and surgeon. All the patients were subjected to linear transducer and Toshiba Xario 200 with 11MHZ. Diagnostic accuracy of Doppler ultrasound was calculated from the sensitivity and specificity. Results: Doppler ultrasound diagnosed allthe epididymitis and orchitis, testicular torsion, hydrocele, spermatic cordinjury, and varicocele cases with specificity and sensitivity 100%. The frequencyof finally diagnoses performed by Doppler ultrasonography was orchitis (7),epididymitis-orchitis (45), testicular malignancy (15), spinal cord injuries(3), testicular torsion (5), hematocele (3), spermatic cord injuries (2),varicocele (14), hydrocele (25), and pyocele (2). Out of 15 testicular subjectsdiagnosed on DUS, only 14 were found to have malignancy. Two cases ofOrchitis were diagnosed falsely as amalignancy. In Orchitis 7 patients, 6 were diagnosed as orchitis but one hadseminoma (specificity 67% and sensitivity 88%). The overall DUS specificity andsensitivity were 67% and 98% respectively. Conclusion: The scrotal disease can be diagnosed with effective, reliable, and safe Doppler Ultrasonography. Testicular tumor diagnosis is an additional advantage of DUS besides minimizing unnecessary exploration operations numbers. Doppler ultrasonographyplays a vital role in need of immediate diagnosis of testicular torsion. Keywords: Doppler ultrasound scan, Scrotal pathologies, Epididymo-Orchitis
Mandibular Bone Fractures in elderly patients with reference to etiology of trauma
Authors: Riaz Nabeela , Younas Samreen , Rehman Ijaz Ur , Haseeb Ahmad Abdul , Hanif Saba , Abid Anum
Published: September 2021

Aim: to explore the mandibular bone fractures in elderly patients with reference to etiology of trauma. Methodology: This was a descriptive study conducted in the department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery KEMU/ Mayo Hospital Lahore. Elderly patients (age 60-100years) with mandibular bone fractures. Results: Aetiology of trauma leading to mandibular fractures was as follows; there were 79(65.83%) cases of RTA, 32(26.66%) falls, 4(3.33%) assaults and there were only 3(2.5%) cases of industrial injury. Conclusion: To conclude, this study depicts that road traffic accidents were the predominant cause of injury in the studied age group. Elderly patients need more care and attention, especially after traumatic incidents and lead to financial burden in hospitals Keywords: Maxillofacial trauma, Elderly population, Mandibular injuries, Elderly fractures
Prevalence, Pattern of Musculoskeletal pain disorders and related factors among female school teachers
Authors: Arshad Hafsah , Khattak Hafsah Gul , Anwar Kinza , Bilal Hazrat
Published: September 2021

Aim: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain disorders and related factors among female school teachers of Peshawar. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted from February 2019 to July 2019 among primary and secondary female school teachers (n=289) in Peshawar. Data was collected from using semi-structured questionnaire. Outcome measures were based on modified version of Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire (NMQ) and Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS). Descriptive statistics was used to summarize qualitative variables in the form of frequencies and percentages. Mean and standard deviation was calculated for quantitative variables. Chi-square test was used to find association. The significant P value was <0.05. Results: Prevalence of musculoskeletal pain disorders was 82.7%. The overall mean age of sample was 37.5±8.47. Most common sites of pain were low back 60.2% followed by neck pain 50.2%, ankle pain 48.4% and shoulder pain 44.3%. Factors that showed significant relationship were long time standing (p=0.001), long time sitting (p=0.039), checking copy/paper marking (p value 0.023) and uncomfortable work chair/table (p = 0.012). Conclusion: Female school teachers showed high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain disorders, low back was the most common site for pain followed by ankle and shoulder. Risk factors associated with pain were long time standing, long time sitting, checking copy/paper marking and uncomfortable work chair/table. Keywords: Musculoskeletal disorder, ergonomics, Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire, low back pain, neck pain.
Comparison of Head Circumference and Abdominal Circumference Ratio in Normotensive and patients with Pregnancy Induced Hypertensive Disorders after 28 weeks of gestation
Authors: Nisa Iffat Un , Tazeen Anjum , Butt Sabar , Fatima Mehreen , Gilani Syed Amir
Published: September 2021

Background: Hypertensive disorders are an important medical problem of gestation. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are a significant cause for maternal and fetal morbidity as well as mortality. Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) commonly describes the condition of fetus whose size or growth is subnormal. IUGR fetus is frequently described as symmetrical and asymmetrical IUGR in term of their body proportions. Asymmetric growth retardation is typically linked to uteroplacental inadequacy. Hypertension is one of the maternal causes of placental insufficiency. Aim: To compare head circumference and abdominal circumference ratio in normotensive and patients with pregnancy induced hypertensive disorders after 28 weeks of gestation. Methodology: A cross sectional analytical study was carried on 113 pregnant females in which 57 women were normotensive and 56 women were hypertensive. All individuals were scanned by two- dimensional ultrasound following 28 weeks of pregnancy to evaluate sonographic parameters HC and AC. The HC/AC ratio was estimated by dividing head circumference with abdominal circumference. Results: Out of 57 normotensive patients 27 (36.48%) fetuses were diagnosed with IUGR having HC/AC ratio more than 1, while 30 had normal HC/AC ratio. In 56 hypertensive patients 47(63.51%) fetuses were diagnosed with IUGR having HC/AC ratio greater than 1, however 9(23.07%) fetuses had HC/AC ratio within normal range. So out of total 113 patients, 74 fetuses were found with IUGR while 39 fetuses had HC/AC ratio within normal ranges. Our study found that a cut off value of ≥ 1.0974 for HC/AC ratio could be used as diagnostic parameter in predicting IUGR. Conclusion: HC/AC ratio is a useful parameter for the detection of IUGR. Keywords: Head Circumference, Abdominal Circumference, Intra Uterine Growth Retardation
Effect of Aqueous Extract of Garlic and Licorice on Carbon Tetra Chloride induced Liver Fibrosis by evaluating serum Aspartate Amino Transferase (AST) and Serum Alanine Amino Transferase (ALT)
Authors: Firdaus Asia , Asim Shazia , Hasnain Ammarah , Hamid Shahid , Tufail Sana , Hussain Hammad
Published: September 2021

Background : Hepatic fibrosis results from various chronic insults such as chronic hepatitis B and C, parasitic disease, autoimmune hepatitis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and hereditary metal over load e.g. iron and cupper and it is linked with remarkable morbidity and mortality Aim: T o evaluate and compare the antifibrotic effect of Aqueous Garlic extract and Licorice Aqueous extract on carbon tetrachloride induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. Method: 4 groups of rats were taken. In group A and group B, rats were given injection of normal saline intraperitonally. In group C and D, rats were given injection of Aqueous garlic extract (AGE) and licorice aqueous extract (LAE) 01 ml / Kg body weight of rat /day intraperitonally for next four weeks respectively. At the end, all rats were sacrificed. Blood and liver were taken for biochemical examination. Results : This study results showed that the use of aqueous garlic extract and aqueous licorice extract reduces CCl4 induced liver fibrosis in rats. Keywords: Aqueous garlic extract (AGE), licorice aqueous extract (LAE), hepatic fibrosis, anti-fibrotic effect
Frequency of Sacralisation of Fifth Lumber Vertebra in South Punjab Pakistani Population
Authors: Gul Sabahat , Hassan Summaira , Kanwal Saeed , Hameed Owais
Published: September 2021

Background: Lumbosacral joint carries whole body weight and transmits it to tibia. As the 5th Lumbar Vertebra transits into first Sacral Vertebra, fifth Lumbar Vertebra may be fused on one or both sides to the first Sacral Vertebra, Condition known as ‘Sacralisation’. Aim: To find the frequency of sacralisation of 5th Lumbar Vertebra in South Punjab Pakistani Population. Methods: It was a descriptive observational study conducted in Anatomy Department Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur. This was descriptive observational study conducted on cadaveric sacra collected in last 7 years. 86 dry Human adult sacra of known sex were observed and results were noted for Sacralisation of Lumbar Vertebra. Results: Out of 86 cadaveric Sacra, Sacralisation was found in 12(14%). Out of these 12, 8 Sacra showed complete Sacralisation while 4 Sacra showed incomplete Sacralisation. Conclusion: Sacralisation of 5th Lumbar Vertebra is common (14%) in cadaveric sacra of South Punjab, Pakistani Population. Key words: Lumbar Vertebra, Sacralisation, Cadaveric, L5 (5th lumbar vertebrae), S1 (1st Sacral Vertebrae).
ROLE OF EFFECTIVE DIVERSITY MANAGEMENT PRACTICES TOWARDS PROJECT SUCCESS
Authors:   Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan, Karim Sana
Published: September 2021

This study evaluated the role of effective diversity management practices towards the success of the project in both government and private sector organizations of Pakistan, with the mediating role of project efficiency. Data were collected from 100 respondents working in government/private sector organizations in Pakistan; using questionnaires, based on 5 point likert scale. The results of this study confirmed that there is a positive relation between diversity management practices and project efficiency. Also it is confirmed that the project’s success and efficiency are positively linked with each other and effective diversity management practices in Pakistan do help project managers in leading the projects towards success. The study concluded that in country like Pakistan, having a masculine culture, masculinity acts as a moderator, to strengthen the relationship between project efficiency and project success. Implications and strategies to address the issues on Pakistani context are also discussed.
Combating the Challenges of Intellectual Freedom: The Perspective of Librarians in Academic Libraries in Kwara State, Nigeria
Authors: Tella Adeyinka , Benita Adeboye Adeshewa , Abdulkareem S.A , Olaniyi Oluwakemi Titilola , Odeh Peter
Published: September 2021

Background: Censorship of library materials denies people's right to access, use, retrieve, and store materials of their desire. Intellectual freedom is critical to eliminating the constraint of censorship. Issues such as illiteracy, societal standards, and selection policy hadbeen identified as challenges to intellectual freedom. The existing body of literature revealed that library materials are subjected to censorship and this denies readers’ rights to access desirable information at any point in time. Aim: This research examined the perception of librarians on combating the challenges of intellectual freedom. Methodology: The target population for this study included professional librarians working in eight (8) selected academic libraries in Kwara State, Nigeria. A stratified random sampling technique was used to select 60 respondents from the 8 academic libraries involved in the study. A questionnaire of 6 research questions was developed for the collection of data. Findings: The results indicated: the majority of the respondents agree that there are equal opportunities for library users to access library materials, obscene and controversial materials are subjected to censorship, library selection policy restricts library users’ access to desired materials. Lifting restriction of access to library materials was identified as the way to combat the challenges of intellectual freedom. Recommendations: The authors recommends that government should ensure that the Freedom of Information Bill (FOI) is passed to enable library patrons’ have access to all information materials and that library stakeholders should create awareness, publicity, or enlightenment on intellectual freedom to inform the users of their rights to hold, use, and access information materials of their choice.
Conjunctivitis as the only sign and symptom of COVID-19: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Mohammad Alrawashdeh Hamzeh , Al Zubi Khalid , Abdulmannan Dina M. , Al-Habahbeh Omar , Abu-Ismail Luai
Published: September 2021

Similar to several viruses, coronaviruses can affect the eye and cause conjunctivitis. In addition to ocular involvement, it causes systemic manifestations, mainly respiratory symptoms. However, conjunctivitis as the only sign and symptom of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a rare presentation. We present a case of a 20-year-old male patient who presented with conjunctivitis for 3 days and diagnosed on the same day with COVID-19 without other manifestations. Conjunctivitis affected both eyes and resolved over 2 weeks with artificial tears only and without any ocular complications.

Conjunctivitis can be the only sign and symptom of COVID-19 in some patients. Therefore, healthcare providers, particularly ophthalmologists, should take precautions when dealing with patients presenting with conjunctivitis amid the COVID-19 pandemic.
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF SOME MEDICINAL PLANTS OF KASHMIR HIMALAYA AS BIORESOURCES TO OVERCOME THE CHALLENGES OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE
Authors: Hussain Aadil , Modi Suchi
Published: September 2021

Through the realization of the continuous erosion of traditional knowledge of plants used for medicine in the past and the renewed interest at the present time, a need existed to review this valuable knowledge of medicinal plants with the purpose of developing medicinal plants sectors across the different states in India. Our major objectives therefore were to explore the potential in medicinal plants resources, to understand the challenges and opportunities with the medicinal plants sector, and also to suggest recommendations based upon the present state of knowledge for the establishment and smooth functioning of the medicinal plants sector along with improving the living standards of the underprivileged communities. The review reveals that State of Kashmir harbours a rich diversity of valuable medicinal plants, and
attempts are being made at different levels for sustainable utilization of this resource in order to develop the medicinal plants sector. Antimicrobial activity refers to the process of killing or inhibiting the growth of microbes. Various antimicrobial agents are used for this purpose. Antimicrobial may be anti-bacterial, anti-fungal or antiviral. Antimicrobial
activity can be defined as a collective term for all active principles (agents) that inhibit the growth of bacteria, prevent the formation of microbial colonies, and may destroy microorganisms. In the field of antimicrobial finish, many common terms are used including antibacterial, bactericidal, bacteriostatic, fungicidal, fungistatic, biocidal, and biostatic. Antimicrobial activity refers to a situation where an active agent has a negative effect on the vitality of microorganisms.In present study we studied Antimicrobial Activities of Some Medicinal Plants of Kashmir Himalaya
GROWTH AND FLOWERING OF ‘PUYAT’ DURIAN (Durio zibethinus Murr.) AS INFLUENCED BY DIFFERENT TYPES OF FERTILIZER APPLICATION
Authors: Magbalot-Fernandez Alminda , Ablen Kharelle Samantha , Basu Saikat
Published: September 2021

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different types of fertilizer application on the growth and flowering of 'Puyat' Durian (Durio Zibethenus Murr.); and determine the best fertilizer application for the optimum production of Durian. Ten (10) year old trees at Canoy Durian Farm, Pindasan, Mabini, Compostela Valley Province
were tested from November 2015 to March 2016. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with six treatments, replicated three
times. The treatments were: T1- Untreated; T2-Recommended Rate- RR (based on soil analysis); T3- Optimum RateOR + (3kg NPK+1kg MOP); T4- OR+ GOFF; T5- RR+ GOFF; T6- GOFF (Green-shield Organic-based Fortified Foliar Fertilizer).Statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences among treatments in terms of trees with flushes and number of flowers per cluster but no significant effects were observed in canopy diameter and number of flower cluster per tree.
Result of the study showed that fertilizer application increased the number of flower per cluster of 'Puyat' Durian and enhanced flushing of durian trees. The study further revealed that organic based foliar fertilizer alone enhanced flowering up
to five times higher than without application (control). While numerically, GOFF (Green-shield Organic-based Fortified Foliar Fertilizer) alone had the highest number of flower cluster per tree.
ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE AND MEDICINAL STRENGTH OF VIDANGA (EMBELIA RIBES) : AN ENDANGERED MEDICINAL PLANT OF WESTERN GHATS OF INDIA
Authors: G. Raviraja Shetty
Published: September 2021

Embelia ribes Burm f. a medicinal woody climber belongs to the Myrsinaceae family. It is also commonly known as false black pepper or vidanga. E. ribes is one of the 32 medicinal plant species identified by the Medicinal Board, Govt. of India, New Delhi, as being important for large-scale cultivation because of its commercial use. It is an
endangered medicinal plant valued for its digestive, thermogenic, carminative, depurative, anthelmintic and laxative property since time immemorial. It is also used in the treatment of tumours, asthma, bronchitis, diabetes, heart related problems, nerval disorders, cancerous tumors and liver disorders. E. ribes contain quinine derivative Embelin which
has various pharmacological and medicinal properties. It helps to bring a medicinal plants revolution in our country good health and prosperity to people.
NIGER (GUIZOTIA ABYSSINICA L.) – A PROMISING RABI SEASON CROP UNDER RICE-FALLOW SYSTEM IN NORTH-EAST INDIA
Authors: Gogoi Bhabesh
Published: September 2021

Assam is one of the major niger producing sates of India. Wide spread rice fallow and retreating northeast monsoon are the advantages for cultivation of rabi niger crop in Assam. However, niger yield under rainfed situation of Assam decreases drastically for every 15 days delay in sowing of the crop from 15th November to 30th December. The
highest seed (4.1 q/ha) and stover (31.0 q/ha) yield could be obtained from 15th November sown crop. Nevertheless, sali rice is harvested late in Assam and so, delay sowing of next rabi crop leads to lower productivity of the crop. Application of 50% recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with 50% nitrogen through FYM considerably increases yield attributing parameters that in the end maximize the stover and seed yield of niger crop. This can give 19.3 and 4.3% increase in stover and seed yield of niger respectively, over RDF. Thus, half of chemical fertilizers required for niger crop could be substituted through organic nutrient sources, which has also lead to an improvement in soil physico-chemical properties and higher availability of nutrients in soil. This review reported the detail management strategies for successful cultivation of rabi niger crop under rainfed situation of Assam of North-East region of India.
EVALUATION OF TEMPERAMENT IN PREGNANCY INDUCED HYPERTENSION CASES
Authors: Sayed Rahnuma , Ansari Naeela , Parvez Shaikh Ejaz , Rizwan Farha , Safee Rehan , Muttalib Abdul
Published: September 2021

Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) is a worldwide concern; 22 may is remembered every year as the world preeclampsia day. According to the WHO, PIH is one of the main causes of maternal, fetal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. In a retrospective study over the period 2000-2009 in a tertiary center in India, PIH was the third cause of maternal death. Material and Methods: One time observational hospital based study Patients as per inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected for the study. Consent of the patient recorded.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ON GHUNGCHI SAFAID (ABRUS PREATORIUS) SEEDS
Authors: Khan Samreen , Shamsi Yasmeen , Jahangir Umar , Manjhi Mukesh
Published: September 2021

Ghungchi safaid (Abrus precatorius) is commonly known as Gunja or Jequirity belonging to Fabaccae- a pea family, richly found throughout plains of India, from Himalaya down to Southern India and Sri lanka. It is a semi poisonous medicine mentioned among higher degree of hot & dry temperament which is used in various diseases topically and considered as contraceptive internally in Unani System of medicine. The present review represents the classification, habitat, etymoloygy, pharmacological actions, therapeutic uses, unwarranted effects and correctives along with pharmacological studies.
The Relationship between Pre-Service Early Childhood Teachers’ Environmental Education Self-Efficacy Beliefs and Their Attitudes towards Sustainable Environment
Authors: Gülçiçek Turan
Published: September 2021

The main purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between pre-service early childhood teachers’ environmental education self-efficacy beliefs and their attitudes towards sustainable environment. This research was conducted with a total of 129 pre-service early childhood teachers in a public university of Ankara, Turkey. To collect the data of pre-service teachers’ attitudes toward sustainable environment, Sustainable Environment Attitude Scale (SEAS) was employed. Besides, Environmental Education Self-Efficacy Scale (EESS) was used to identify pre-service teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs about environmental education. To analyze the data, independent sample t-test analysis was conducted for comparison of groups. Moreover, one-way analysis of variances (ANOVA) was executed for contrasting groups in terms of grade level. Lastly, the Pearson’s correlation was employed to investigate the relationship between environmental education self-efficacy beliefs and sustainable environment attitudes. Results showed that there is a statistically significant relationship between pre-service teachers’ environmental education self-efficacy beliefs and their attitudes toward sustainable environment.
Importancia del seguimiento solar en las instalaciones fotovoltaicas
Authors: Aranguri Cayetano Denis Javier , Mariñes Delgado Leandro Manuel , Castillo Banda Romulo Augusto
Published: September 2021

El presente artículo consiste en determinar la cantidad de energía que no se aprovecha en un panel solar fijo con respecto a un panel solar movible (con seguimiento al sol). La toma de datos para esta investigación se llevó a cabo en las instalaciones de la Universidad Nacional del Santa, usando dos paneles idénticos, uno instalado en una posición fija y el otro con seguimiento solar variando su ángulo horario e inclinación, tomando en cuenta las condiciones climáticas de cada día (días claros y despejados). Se tomaron datos en los días 11, 12, 13, 19 de Julio, 10,20, 26 de septiembre y 07,10,22,23,24,25,28 de octubre. El día jueves 10 de octubre fue uno de los días con más horas de cielo despejado en total 9 h y 55 minutos, por lo que se usó como base para el análisis, el porcentaje de potencia no aprovechada fue mayor de 8:00 am a 10:00 am en un rango que va desde 13.71% hasta 47.63% y de 2:00 pm a 6:00 pm desde un 17.24 % hasta 206.63 % debido a que en dichas horas los rayos del sol inciden de forma inclinada.
Sistem Informasi Keuangan Berbasis Web Pada PT PLN UP3 Kotamobagu
Authors: Toar Ester , Nintias Isni , Bawole Christania
Published: September 2021

Abstract — PT. PLN (Persero) UP3 Kotamobagu merupakan salah satu Unit Pelayanan Pelanggan yang dibawahi Induk Wilayah SULUTTENGGO, sebagai salah satu Badan Usaha Milik Negara (BUMN) yang bertujuan untuk memperoleh pendapatan yang berasal dari pemasaran, penjualan listrik dan jasa operasional. Untuk dapat meningkatkan pemasaran dan penjualan listrik pada perusahaan, maka di buat suatu sistem informasi yaitu sistem informasi keuangan. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Prototype. Tahapan yang dilakukan yaitu : Analisis Kebutuhan, Membangun Prototyping, Evaluasi Prototyping, Mengkodekan Sistem, Menguji Sistem, Evaluasi Sistem, dan Menggunakan Sistem.
Aplikasi Mobile Layanan Bantuan Pengadilan Negeri Tondano
Authors: Mokodompit Rina , Mustain Mohammad , Feybelia Ferjenia
Published: September 2021

Abstrak—Saat ini penggunaan aplikasi mobile untuk membantu pekerjaan kantor di berbagai instansi, sudah merupakan kebutuhan yang sangat penting. Seperti pengadilan negeri lainnya, pengadilan negeri tondano masih menggunakan sistem manual

dalam hal layanan bantuan. Misalnya, pengunjung harus antri dengan waktu yang cukup lama untuk mendapatkan informasi.

Aplikasi mobile layanan bantuan pengadilan negeri tondano ini sangat berguna baik bagi pegawai, pengunjung, maupun pengembang aplikasi ini. Aplikasi mobile ini memudahkan pengunjung pengadilan negeri tondano untuk mendapatkan informasi berupa jadwal sidang, direktori putusan, informasi tilang, e-court, dan survei-survei yang diadakan oleh pengadilan negeri tondano. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah system development life cycle (SDLC). Pengujian aplikasi ini menggunakan pengujian black box yang diuji oleh dua orang dari pihak pengadilan negeri tondano dengan hasil pengujian yang sangat baik.
Perancangan Dan Implementasi Manajemen Stok Obat di Apotek RSUD Berbasis Web
Authors: Karepouwan Sandika , Palilingan Verry Ronny , Kembuan Olivia
Published: September 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang dan mengimplementasi manajemen stok obat berbasis web di Apotek RSUD Amurang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengembangan sistem Prototype, dengan 5 tahapan yaitu komunikasi, perancangan secara cepat, pemodelan perancangan secara cepat, pembuatan prototype dan penyerahan sistem & dan umpan balik, dengan menggukan Bahasa PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor) dan databse MySQL. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan maka didaptkan hasil bahwa aplikasi manajemen stok obat ini dapat mempermudah proses pengelolaan, pencarian, dan pelaporan data obat di Apotek RSUD Amurang.
MAKNA GERAK TARI TOR-TOR DALAM PERKAWINAN BATAK TOBA DI DESA SILALAHI, KECAMATAN SILAHISABUNGAN, KABUPATEN DAIRI, PROVINSI SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Astria Mandalahi Selti , Kerebungu Ferdinand , E.T. Salem Veronike
Published: September 2021

When the Toba Batak ethnic wedding party in the Silalahi area, where Tortor was held, was no longer a medium of communication by paying attention to the meaning of every symbol of the movements that exist in Tortor, but Tortor was held to only be an art that could entertain and enliven the party and some had purposes can seek profit for the party organizers. This study aims to determine the meaning contained in the Tortor dance in Batak Toba marriage in Silalahi Village and to find out how the community's understanding of the meaning contained in the Tortor dance movement in Batak Toba marriage in Silalahi Village. The study used qualitative methods with the informant as the data source, and the researchers themselves as a means of capturing data using interview guidelines. The results of the research on the meaning of the Tortor dance movement in Toba Batak marriage show that the meaning of Manea-nea in a Toba Batak marriage is a way of welcoming the bride and groom and their entourage to enter the building. Mamasu-masuya where the bride and groom ask for blessings from parents, parhata kings and invited guests. Manombaya is the last worship performed by the bride and groom to their parents.