bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mastering the New APA Publication Manual: Teaching Techniques
Authors: Bradley Loretta , Noble Nicole , Hendricks Bret
Published: September 2020

Since the new Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association ( APA Publication Manual, Manual, 2020) can be confusing and sometimes overwhelming for students enrolled in and faculty teaching couple and family classes, this article focuses on a pedagogical framework for assisting students in understanding the new Manual. Specifically, this article focuses on practical ways for faculty to help graduate students, especially doctoral-level students, understand how to successfully implement the content of the manual in their writings. Emphasis is placed on experiential learning techniques, and a 50-item exercise is provided to assess the student’s understanding of the many changes in the 2020 edition of the Manual.
Mixed Invasive Apocrine Papillary/Micropapillary Carcinoma of the Breast: Another Brick in the Triple-Negative Wall
Authors: Cima Luca , Mirabassi Nicola , Sartori Chiara , Carbone Francesco Giuseppe , Morelli Luca , Cserni Gábor , Barbareschi Mattia
Published: September 2020

Pure invasive papillary carcinoma (IPC) is a rare subtype of breast carcinoma with good prognosis compared with classical invasive breast carcinoma (IBC) of no special type. The majority of IPC are estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor (ER/PR) positive and HER2 negative (luminal A-like). We report the case of a 72-year-old women who was referred to the Senology Clinic for a routine workup following surgery for an intraductal papilloma. The core needle biopsy (CNB) showed a lesion mainly composed of irregular papillae and micropapillae with apocrine epithelial cells of low-to-intermediate nuclear grade, without a myoepithelial cell layer within the papillae and at the periphery, as demonstrated with multiple immunostains. The diagnosis of apocrine papillary lesion of uncertain malignant potential was made. The subsequent lumpectomy showed an IBC with the same cyto-architectural features as the CNB. In addition, lymphovascular invasion and papillary/micropapillary apocrine in situ lesion were noted. Notably, the tumor was ER/PR and HER2 negative and strongly positive for androgen receptor. A final diagnosis of mixed apocrine papillary/micropapillary carcinoma with triple-negative status was made. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an IBC with these features. Breast pathologists should be aware of this entity when dealing with CNB samples characterized by a complex papillary lesion with apocrine atypia that lacks a myoepithelial cell layer on multiple immunostains. These lesions should be classified at least as of uncertain malignant potential based on the cyto-architectural features prompting a surgery for removal.
Biphasic Squamoid Alveolar Renal Cell Carcinoma of the Kidney Involved by Atypical CD5-Positive B-Cells
Authors: Zhang Xiaotun , Tretiakova Maria
Published: September 2020

Biphasic squamoid alveolar renal cell carcinoma (BSARCC) is a recently described kidney cancer entity with <60 published cases so far. Some unique features of BSARCC include distinct squamoid and alveolar morphology forming glomeruloid configurations and 2 types of tumor cells with different immunoprofiles. Although the mechanism is unknown, neutrophils and cellular materials engulfed by larger tumor cells (described as “emperipolesis”) are observed in all reported cases including the current one. In this article, we report a case of a 70-year-old man who presented with an incidental renal mass during workup for immunoglobulin M monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance and cold agglutinin autoimmune hemolytic anemia. A detailed pathologic evaluation and immunohistochemical studies revealed BSARCC colliding with atypical CD5+ monoclonal B-cells.
What Is the General Factor of Psychopathology? Consistency of the p Factor Across Samples
Authors: Levin-Aspenson Holly F. , Watson David , Clark Lee Anna , Zimmerman Mark
Published: September 2020

Bifactor analyses have become a popular way to model a general psychopathology factor (or p factor) that accounts for correlations among higher order internalizing, externalizing, and thought-disorder dimensions. However, to advance dimensional nosology and construct validation of the p factor, this body of research needs to be synthesized. This study focuses on the p factor as a substantive construct by testing its consistency across samples and models. Bifactor analyses were run for three large epidemiological and clinical data sets: National Comorbidity Survey, Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Surveys, and Methods to Improve Diagnostic Assessment and Services. Despite generally good model fit and strong factor congruence, interpretation of the p factor varied across samples and methods. This limited consistency suggests a lack of clear, generalizable operationalization of the p factor for applications such as measure development. Results are interpreted in terms of implications for the p factor as a substantive construct.
The Burden of Unnecessary Testing From a Regularly Ordered Laboratory Assay: Age-Adjusted d-Dimer Quality Improvement Study
Authors: Letourneau Marcel M. , Zughaib Marc , Berry Abeer , Zughaib Marcel
Published: September 2020

Diagnosing acute pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical suspicion in combination with sequential diagnostic tests including d-dimer laboratory assays. Although the sensitivity of this assay is well validated and thoroughly tested, a false-positive result can lead to unnecessary and costly testing. The age-adjusted d-dimer (AADD) has been suggested in the literature to improve the usefulness of d-dimer cutoffs and safely decrease iodine and radiation exposure associated with definitively ruling out PE with computed tomographic angiography (CTA).1 We present an internal retrospective review utilizing the novel AADD cutoff to rule out PE and evaluate the potential extent of unnecessary testing with CTA. Using the AADD cutoff would have led to a 21.2% reduction in computerized tomography pulmonary embolus protocol. This internal quality improvement study suggests that changing our institutional conventional d-dimer to the novel AADD would provide a superior quality and cost–benefit.
Predictors of Adoption and Guardianship Dissolution: The Role of Race, Age, and Gender Among Children in Foster Care
Authors: Sattler Kierra M. P. , Font Sarah A.
Published: September 2020

Adoption and guardianship are meant to provide permanency to foster children when reunification is not a viable option. Unfortunately, sometimes adoption and guardianship placements dissolve resulting in children returning to care. Currently, there is limited research on the prevalence and predictors of adoption and guardianship dissolutions. This study investigated rates of guardianship and adoption dissolution using a complete entry cohort from a large state foster care system and the associations between child characteristics and risk factors with dissolution. Drawing on a complete entry cohort of foster children in Texas that exited to either adoption or guardianship placements, results demonstrated that over 2% of adoptive placements and 7% of guardianship placements were dissolved. Compared with White and Hispanic children, Black children had a higher risk of guardianship, but not adoption, dissolution. Older age was associated with a higher risk of adoption dissolution, and females had a higher risk of guardianship dissolution than males. Behavior problems, cognitive disability status, and mental health issues were all associated with a higher risk of dissolution. These findings have important implications for caseworkers and policymakers on permanency for children in adoptive or guardianship placements.
Determinants of Technology Acceptance: Two Model-Based Meta-Analytic Reviews
Authors: Feng Guangchao Charles , Su Xianglin , Lin Zhiliang , He Yiru , Luo Nan , Zhang Yuting
Published: September 2020

Examining the determinants of technology acceptance has been a central interest across disciplines. The technology acceptance model (TAM) and its variants and extensions are the most popular theoretical frameworks in this line of research. Two model-based meta-analytical approaches, that is, meta-meta-analysis and conventional meta-analysis, are used to pool the correlations and to test the path relationships among the variables of the TAM. We find that the extended TAM, which we term the TAM Plus, prevails in the model fit testing and that the results of the pooled correlations and path coefficients estimated using the meta-meta-analysis and meta-analysis are generally consistent.
Transitioning Out of an Urban Domestic Violence Emergency Shelter: Voices of Survivors
Authors: Stylianou Amanda M. , Hoge Gretchen L.
Published: September 2020

Domestic violence (DV) shelters play a critical role for survivors and lead to a range of positive outcomes for families. However, transitioning in and out of temporary homelessness involves a range of stressors and research indicates that survivors transitioning out of DV shelters continue to have a multitude of needs. The focus of this study is to utilize an empowerment-based feminist lens to understand the process of transitioning out of a DV emergency shelter among 27 shelter residents in urban emergency shelters. Participants described the successes, challenges, and lessons learned while transitioning from the emergency shelter setting. The findings indicate that survivors transitioning out of DV shelters face a multitude of risks, challenges, and stressors. Our findings invite researchers and practitioners to further examine best practices that support families transitioning from shelter.
Psychometric Evaluation of the TIC Grade, a Self-Report Measure to Assess Youth Perceptions of the Quality of Trauma-Informed Care They Received
Authors: Boucher Nicole , Darling-Fisher Cynthia S. , Sinko Laura , Beck Dana , Granner Josie , Seng Julia
Published: September 2020

Background

Agencies and clinical practices are beginning to provide trauma-informed care (TIC) to their clients. However, there are no measures to assess clients’ perceptions of and satisfaction with the TIC care they have received. A 20-item questionnaire, the TIC Grade, was developed, based on the National Center for Trauma-Informed Care principles of TIC, to assess the patient or client perception of the TIC provided in settings that serve adolescents and emerging adults.

Objective

The goal of this project was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the TIC Grade instrument and to make recommendations for use of the full measure and its short form—an overall letter grade.

Study Design

The TIC Grade questionnaire was administered to youth over the age of 18 years from four community partners providing care to vulnerable young adults. Potential participants were offered questionnaires at the end of their visit. Those interested in participating left their completed anonymous questionnaire in a locked box to maintain confidentiality. Questionnaires were collected from 100 respondents; 95 were complete enough to include in analyses for psychometric evaluation.

Results

The findings of this project support the reliability and usability of the 20-item TIC Grade measure to assess youth’s perceptions of the quality of TIC they received.

Conclusions

This TIC-specific, behaviorally worded client report measure can assist service delivery organizations to assess their success at implementing TIC and to identify areas where further staff training and support are needed.
Case Management Models and Continuing Care: A Literature Review across nations, settings, approaches, and assessments
Authors: Yu Ziwa , Gallant Allyson J. , Cassidy Christine E. , Boulos Leah , Macdonald Marilyn , Stevens Susan
Published: September 2020

Older adults accessing continuing care often have multiple chronic conditions. Research suggests that case management is a promising approach to reduce health care expenditure and improve patient outcomes. To optimize healthcare delivery, an examination of existing case management models and their effectiveness is essential. This literature review was conducted using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methods to explore case management models for older adults accessing continuing care services. Searches were conducted in PubMed and CINAHL from 2010 to 2018. A total of 37 articles were included in this review. Approaches to case management are diverse with respect to composition of care providers, method of care provision, and location of care. Findings from 27 quantitative studies demonstrated that nurse-led and interdisciplinary team case management models that include home visits can effectively reduce hospital admission/readmission while lowering costs. Mixed results were found on the impact of case management on patient satisfaction, ED visits, quality of life, length of stay, self-efficacy, social integration and caregiver burden. Among 10 qualitative studies, 3 facilitators for quality case management were identified that include receiving care at home, building trusting relationships, and improving self-efficacy. Based on these findings, we conclude that nurse-led and interdisciplinary team case management can effectively reduce hospital admission of frail older adults while lowering costs, particularly within home care settings.
Epidemiology of pseudomembranous conjunctivitis in a tertiary hospital: A 2-year retrospective study
Authors: de-Arriba-Palomero Fernando , Salvá-Palomeque Teresa , de-Arriba-Palomero Pablo , Arnalich-Montiel Francisco
Published: September 2020

Purpose:

To describe the incidence, duration, and complication rate of patients with a clinical diagnosis of pseudomembranous viral conjunctivitis.

Methods:

A retrospective observational study is performed compiling the data of patients diagnosed as pseudomembranous conjunctivitis at the hospital’s emergency department from June 2016 to May 2018. Demographic variables, duration of symptoms, and follow-up until resolution of the pseudomembranes and associated complications are collected.

Results:

The incidence rate of pseudomembranous conjunctivitis is 3.47/10,000 people-year and 0.123% of emergency department consultations. The incidence of pseudomembranous conjunctivitis is approximately 20% of the total adenoviral conjunctivitis, with similar peak incidence rates and annual distribution. The presence of pseudomembranes shows a mean duration of 7.86 days. In this series of pseudomembranous patients, 38.4% had at least one of the following complications: 16.7% subepithelial infiltrates (IC 13.0%–21.1%), 20.81% corneal erosions (SE 0.0218, IC 16.7%–25.5%), 3.5% filamentary keratitis (SE 0.010, IC 1.8%–6.0%), and 6.1% subtarsal fibrosis (SE 0.128, IC 3.8%–9.1%).

Conclusion:

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the incidence and rate of complications of pseudomembranous conjunctivitis. Complications occurred in almost 4 out of 10 patients. The mean duration of the follow-up in the ED was higher in patients with any complication compared with non-complicated patients. The high complication rate makes a closely follow-up advisable, until pseudomembrane resolution, to assess possible complications and symptomatic treatment.
OCT based interpretation of the optic nerve head anatomy in young adults with retinal vascular occlusions and ischemic optic neuropathy
Authors: Dai Amy , Malmqvist Lasse , Rothenbuehler Simon P , Hamann Steffen
Published: September 2020

Purpose:

To examine optic nerve head (ONH) anatomy in young adults with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO), branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO), central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO), branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) or nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NA-AION) in order to look for associated, potentially predisposing anomalies.

Methods:

Cross-sectional study including 54 patients (ages 16–50 years) diagnosed from 2009 to 2018 with CRVO, BRVO, CRAO, BRAO, or NA-AION. Using Optical Coherence Tomography the presence of optic disc drusen (ODD), prelaminar hyperreflective lines and peripapillary hyperreflective ovoid mass-like structures (PHOMS), and determination of scleral canal size, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) and macular ganglion cell layer thickness (GCLT) was obtained. Data for retinal vascular occlusion patients were grouped and analyzed together.

Results:

ODD were found in 13% of all patients, 2% of retinal vascular occlusion patients and 67% of NA-AION patients ( p < 0.0001). Prelaminar hyperreflective lines were found in 35% of all patients, 24% of retinal vascular occlusion patients and 89% of NA-AION patients ( p = 0.0005). PHOMS were found in 20% of all patients, 13% of retinal vascular occlusion patients and 56% of NA-AION patients ( p = 0.012). RNFLT was decreased in ODD patients compared to patients without ODD ( p = 0.01). Scleral canal diameter and GCLT was not correlated with ODD, prelaminar hyperreflective lines or PHOMS.

Conclusion:

ODD, prelaminar hyperreflective lines and PHOMS were more frequent in NA-AION patients compared to retinal vascular occlusion patients. The prevalence of ODD in retinal vascular occlusion patients was similar to the reported prevalence in the general population.
Prevalence of ocular abnormalities in relation to sickle cell disease severity among children in South-western, Nigeria
Authors: Oladimeji Oluwatoyin I. , Adeodu Oluwagbemiga O. , Onakpoya Oluwatoyin H. , Adegoke Samuel A.
Published: September 2020

Introduction:

Sickle cell disease (SCD) ranks high among genetic disorders worldwide. It is characterised by repeated vaso-occlusion with resultant end-organ damage. This process can occur in all vascular beds in the body, including ocular blood vessels and may cause irreversible blindness in advanced stages. Little is known of the relationship between the prevalence of ocular abnormalities among children with SCD and their disease severity.

Methods:

A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at the Paediatric Haematology Clinics and the Eye Centre of the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex (OAUTHC), Ile-Ife. Children with SCD in steady state were recruited from the Haematology Clinics and examined for ocular abnormalities at the Eye Centre of the hospital. The subjects SCD severity grade was determined using a previously validated scoring system.

Results:

One hundred and twenty (120) children aged 5 to 15 years were examined. Of these, 72 had one or more ocular abnormalities giving the prevalence of ocular abnormalities among them to be 60.0%. Though a higher proportion of children with moderate disease, 23 (65.7%) of 35, compared to those with mild disease, 49 (57.6%) of 85 had ocular abnormalities, this difference was not statistically significant, p = 0.412.

Conclusion:

Ocular abnormalities among Nigerian children with SCD are common even in steady-state, but not significantly associated with disease severity. Periodic screening for ocular abnormalities should thus be done on them irrespective of disease severity.
Survival analysis after hip fracture: higher mortality than the general population and delayed surgery increases the risk at any time
Authors: Barahona Maximiliano , Barrientos Cristian , Cavada Gabriel , Brañes Julián , Martinez Álvaro , Catalan Jaime
Published: September 2020

Purpose:

To estimate survival curves in patients with hip fracture according to gender, age, type of fracture, and waiting time for surgery and to compare them with the life expectancy of the general population. The study hypothesis is that survival after hip fractures is significantly lower than in the general population, especially in cases that underwent delayed surgery, regardless of age and gender.

Methods:

A survival analysis study was designed and approved by our institutional ethics review board. All patients who were coded with a diagnosis of hip fracture from 2002 to 2018 were included in the study. A total of 1176 patients were included, and the median age was 81 years (18–105 years). Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank tests were performed to compare survival curves between those who underwent surgery on time and those with surgical delays. An exponential multivariate regression model was estimated, and a hazard ratio (HR) was reported for age, gender, and wait time for surgery. A significance of 5% was used, and a confidence interval level of 95% was reported.

Results:

The Kaplan-Meier curves for delayed surgery (log-rank, p = 0.00) and the age group (log-rank, p = 0.00) were significantly different. Exponential regression estimated an HR 1.05 (1.05–1.07) for age, HR 1.80 (1.51–2.13) for men, and HR 1.93 (1.61–2.31) for each day of wait for surgery.

Conclusions:

The 2 significant findings of this study are that hip fracture patients over 40 years old have a higher risk of dying at any time compared to the general population and that the waiting time for surgery (a modifiable factor) decreases survival rates at any time.
Associations Between Physician Supply Levels and Amenable Mortality Rates: An Analysis of Taiwan Over Nearly 4 Decades
Authors: Chen Brian K , Jindal Dakshu , Yang Y. Tony , Hair Nicole , Yang Chun-Yuh
Published: September 2020

Access to health care is an important determinant of health, but it remains unclear whether having more physicians reduces mortality. In this study, we used Taiwan’s population-level National Death Certification Registry data to investigate whether a greater supply of physicians is associated with lower rates of amenable mortality, defined as deaths that can be delayed with appropriate and timely medical treatment. Our baseline regression analysis adjusting only for age and sex shows that an increase in the number of physicians per 1000 is associated with a reduction of 1.7 ( P < .01) and 0.97 ( P < .01) age-standardized deaths per 100 000 for men and women, respectively. However, in our full analyses that control for socioeconomic factors and Taiwan’s health insurance expansion, we find that physician supply is no longer statistically associated with amenable mortality rates. Nevertheless, we found that greater physician supply levels are associated with a reduction in deaths from ischemic heart disease (−0.13 ( P < .05) for men, and −0.066 ( P < .05) for women). These findings suggest that overall, physician supply is not associated with amenable mortality rates after controlling for socioeconomic factors but may help reduce amenable mortality rates in specific causes of death.
Results of the Austrian National Lung Cancer Audit
Authors: Burghuber Otto C , Kirchbacher Klaus , Mohn-Staudner Andrea , Hochmair Maximilian , Breyer Marie-Kathrin , Studnicka Michael , Mueller Michael Rolf , Feurstein Petra , Schrott Andrea , Lamprecht Bernd , Eckmayr Josef , Renner Friedrich , Bolitschek Josef , Pohl Wolfgang , Schenk Peter , Errhalt Peter , Cerkl Peter , Baumgartner Bernhard , Kneussl Meinhard , Hartl Sylvia
Published: September 2020

Objectives:

The Austrian Lung Cancer Audit (ALCA) is a pilot study to evaluate clinical and organizational factors related to lung cancer care across Austria.

Materials and methods:

The ALCA is a prospective, observational, noninterventional cohort study conducted in 17 departments in Austria between September 2013 and March 2015. Participating departments were selected based on an annual case load of >50 patients with lung cancer.

Results:

The ALCA included 745 patients, representing 50.5% of all newly diagnosed cancer cases during that time period. In 75.8% of patients, diagnosis was based on histology, and in 24.2% on cytology; 83.1% had non-small-cell lung cancer, 16.9% small-cell lung cancer; and only 4.6% had to be classified as not otherwise specified cancers. The median time elapsed between first presentation at hospital and diagnosis was 8 days (interquartile range [IQR]: 4-15; range: 0-132); between diagnosis and start of treatment it was 15 days for chemotherapy (IQR: 9-27; range: 0-83), 21 days (IQR: 10-35; range: 0-69) for radiotherapy, and 24 days (IQR: 11-36; range: 0-138) for surgery, respectively. In 150 patients undergoing surgical treatment, only 3 (2.0%; n = 147, 3 missings) were seen with postoperative restaging indicating unjustified surgery. One-year follow-up data were available for 723 patients, indicating excellent 49.8% survival; however, a wide range of survival between departments (range: 37.8-66.7) was seen.

Conclusions:

The ALCA conducted in high case load departments indicated management of lung cancer in accordance with international guidelines, and overall excellent 1-year survival.
MOG-IgG1 and co-existence of neuronal autoantibodies
Authors: Kunchok Amy , Flanagan Eoin P , Krecke Karl N , Chen John J , Caceres J Alfredo , Dominick Justin , Ferguson Ian , Kinkel Revere , Probasco John C , Ruvalcaba Miguel , Santoro Jonathan D , Sieloff Kurt , Timothy Jeremy , Weinshenker Brian G , McKeon Andrew , Pittock Sean J
Published: September 2020

Background:

The presence of co-existent neuronal antibodies (neuronal-IgG) in patients with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein immunoglobulin G (MOG-IgG1) is not yet well understood.

Objectives:

The aim of this study was to investigate the co-existence of a broad range of neuronal-IgG in MOG-IgG1+ patients.

Methods:

MOG-IgG1+ patients were tested for 17 neuronal-IgGs in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum including NMDA-R-IgG, AMPA-R-IgG, GABAB-R-IgG, LGI1-IgG, CASPR2-IgG, GABAA-R-IgG, GAD65-IgG, mGLUR1-IgG, DPPX-IgG, CRMP5-IgG, amphiphysin-IgG, PCA1,2,Tr, and ANNA1,2,3. Clinical and radiological features of MOG-IgG1+ with NMDA-R-IgG in CSF were compared to a control cohort of MOG-IgG1+ patients without NMDA-R-IgG.

Results:

A total of 376 MOG-IgG1+ patients underwent testing for neuronal-IgGs. Serum testing for neuronal-IgGs (113 adults, 142 children) identified one child with NMDA-R-IgG (0.7%), one child with CASPR2-IgG (0.7%), one adult with LGI1-IgG (0.9%) and one adult with GABAA-R-IgG (0.9%). CSF testing for neuronal-IgGs (97 adults, 169 children) identified seven children (4%) and seven adults (7%) with NMDA-R-IgG, and one adult with GABAA-R-IgG (1%). The MOG-IgG1+/NMDA-R-IgG+ patients had a median age of 17 (range: 2–39) years. Features associated with MOG-IgG1+/NMDA-R-IgG+ included encephalopathy ( p = 0.001), seizures ( p = 0.045), and leptomeningeal enhancement ( p = 0.045).

Conclusion:

NMDA-R-IgG was the most frequently detected neuronal-IgG to co-exist with MOG-IgG1. MOG-IgG1+/NMDA-R-IgG+ patients most often presented with encephalopathy and seizures. Testing for MOG-IgG1 and NMDA-R-IgG may be warranted in patients with encephalopathy and inflammatory demyelinating syndromes.
Locative disconnection: The use of location-based technologies to make disconnection easier, enforceable and exclusive
Authors: Beattie Alex , Cassidy Elija
Published: September 2020

Today we live in a time of unprecedented connectivity making it increasingly difficult to disconnect from the Internet. In this article we theorize that location-based technologies are transforming the practice of disconnecting from the Internet. To justify this claim we cross-articulate perspectives on disconnection and locative media studies, two scholarly fields in media studies that intersect with location and place. In a review of disconnection literature, we argue that views towards disconnection have been informed by changing perceptions of location and place in relation to Internet connectivity. Conversely, we observe locative media scholarship that has demonstrated the influence of location-based technologies in creating location-based connections that have become integral to Internet platforms and applications. We then synthesise disconnection and locative media studies to theorize the dynamics between the practice of disconnecting from the Internet, a physical location and a location-based technology. We first offer the concept of locative disconnection to describe the designation or localization of disconnective practice to a specific place. Secondly, we argue that location-based technologies are increasingly utilized to simulate locative disconnection in response to the spread of mobile connectivity and have the effect of making practices of disconnection easier, enforceable and more exclusive. Through the discussion of examples from leisure, entertainment and education, we demonstrate how locative disconnection is increasingly operationalized as both a luxury commodity and/or risk management tool and critically examine the threat and appeal of such technologies for governing populations and user behaviour.
The righteous outrage of post-truth anti-feminism: An analysis of TubeCrush and feminist research in and of public space
Authors: Evans Adrienne , Riley Sarah
Published: September 2020

Contemporary gender relations occur in a polarised environment characterised by popular feminism and networked misogyny. This context structures feminist researchers’ public engagement and exposes them to online hostility. Addressing a paucity of work on the affective dimensions of digital hostility, this article analyses 2400 comments made in The Daily Mail Online in response to feminist research on TubeCrush, a website featuring unsolicited images of men on the London underground. Our analysis shows feminists constructed as powerful but hypocritical; as discredited post-truth experts and, along with gay men and women in general, as being less knowledgeable or valid than white men. These discourses were united by an affective texture of an outrage that positions itself as righteous, undoing feminist knowledge and recuperating (white) male power. Identifying this as ‘righteous outrage’ offers important insights into the workings of contemporary anti-feminist sentiment where visibility is permitted so long as credibility is undone.
In between the global and the local: Mapping the geographies of Netflix as a multinational service
Authors: Lotz Amanda D
Published: September 2020

The different technological affordances and revenue models of subscriber-funded, internet-distributed video streaming services have altered the competitive environments of audiovisual services. One category of these services, multinational SVODs (subscription video on demand), are changing the dynamics of transnational video distribution. Although having subscribers and offices, and commissioning content from many countries, are obvious measures of these services’ multinational status, the extent to which the distinct affordances of these services diminish the national lens through which all other international television trade occurs may be the most profound measure. The article explores how this too becomes a distinguishing competitive tool for Netflix that enables uncommon content strategies, such as the ability to program for tastes and sensibilities too small to effectively form a viable market for services limited by national reach.
Grid patterns optimization for single-layer latticed domes
Authors: Teranishi Masaki , Ishikawa Koichiro
Published: September 2020

In previous studies on optimized single-layer latticed domes, the inner space and external shape of the optimized dome is different from those of the initial dome. This difference may result in loss of structural functionality and aesthetics intended by the designers, making it difficult to separately evaluate the mechanical properties of the grid patterns and shape of the surface. In this study, 64 types of single-layer latticed domes having different geometric properties are optimized to obtain mechanically effective grid patterns. Six types of objective functions are employed. The nodal coordinates of the domes serve as the design variables under geometrical constraints, where the nodes of the domes can be shifted on the surface area. The geometric and mechanical properties of the optimized grid patterns are evaluated quantitatively against the objective functions. Moreover, interactions between the geometric and mechanical properties are investigated. The results show that the optimized grid pattern has superior mechanical properties and geometric imperfection sensitivity. This optimization scheme can be applied for designing mechanically effective grid patterns for single-layer latticed domes.
Parents' experiences of substance use problems, parenthood, and recovery within the 12-step movement
Authors: Heimdahl Vepsä Karin
Published: September 2020

Aim:

The aim of this study was to explore how people with earlier substance use problems narrated their experiences of becoming and being parents. The literature in this area is limited.

Method:

The study participants, all active members of the 12-step movement, were interviewed about their experiences of substance use problems, recovery, and parenthood. The data were analysed using a narrative theoretical framework seeking to answer the questions of how the parents narrate their experiences of parenthood within the frame of a classic 12-step storyline and how they present themselves as parents through these narratives.

Results:

The results show that, on the whole, the narratives conformed to a classic 12-step storyline. For example, the narratives’ turning points were often built up around experiences of “hitting rock bottom”, when the negative consequences of substance use culminated in dramatic events forcing the narrators to see the seriousness of their problems. At the same time the motivational potential of having or expecting (or wishing for future) children was downplayed by several study participants, who instead said that positive driving forces such as human relationships were not enough to break through their denial of their substance use problems. Finally, all study participants described how the process of working towards sobriety had been a transformative experience through which they had come in better contact with their feelings and emotions, and they defined this as an important resource in their everyday lives as parents.

Conclusion:

The results showed that the parents, when narrating their experiences within the frames of a classic 12-step storyline, were also able to present themselves as competent parents, empowered rather than stigmatised by their earlier experiences.
A Simplified clinical algorithm for standardized surgical treatment of chronic pain after inguinal hernia repair: A quality assessment study
Authors: Pedersen Kenney Fehrenkamp , Chen David C. , Kehlet Henrik , Stadeager Morten W. , Bisgaard Thue
Published: September 2020

Backgrounds:

The optimal surgical strategy for the treatment of chronic pain after inguinal hernia repair is controversial and based on relatively weak evidence. The purpose of this study was to analyze pain-related functional impairment using a simplified clinical treatment algorithm for a standardized surgical treatment. The algorithm was predefined, and the indication to operate was based on strict criteria.

Methods:

This was a prospective, non-controlled, explorative study. The pain operation was either open triple neurectomy with total mesh removal or laparoscopic retroperitoneal triple neurectomy. A clinically relevant postoperative change was defined as ⩾25% change from the baseline level. Primary outcome was pain-related impairment of physical function using the Activity Assessment Scale. Secondary outcomes included Individual Patient-Reported Outcome Measures, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and PainDETECT Questionnaire.

Results:

A total of 240 patients were referred (2016–2019). Sixty-six patients were included for the analysis. A total of 25% of referred patients were offered a pain operation. Follow-up was a median 3 months (range: 3–13). Activity Assessment Scale scores were clinically relevant improved in 43 patients (68%), not clinically relevant different in 19 (30%), and clinically relevant worsened in one (2%). Secondary outcome scores were all significantly improved ( P < 0.05) except for the risk of postoperative depression ( P = 0.092). Fifty-one patients (77%) reported that chronic groin pain was reduced after the operation.

Conclusions:

Pain-related functional impairment was improved with clinical relevance in roughly 70% of patients through a simplified clinical algorithm for surgical treatment of severe chronic pain after an inguinal hernia repair.
Does online incivility cancel out the spiral of silence? A moderated mediation model of willingness to speak out
Authors: Masullo Gina M , Lu Shuning , Fadnis Deepa
Published: September 2020

This study tested whether different negatively valenced emotional reactions—feeling angry or depressed—to incivility produce varying intentions to speak out. A related goal was to assess whether these emotional responses led to intentions to speak out regardless of whether one holds a minority or majority viewpoint. Results of an online experiment ( N = 1126) showed that intentions to speak out varied based on the intensity of the emotional responses people had after being exposed to incivility. Specifically, when uncivil messages produced lower levels of either emotion—anger or depression—people were less likely to speak out, regardless of opinion climate. However, if emotional responses were more intense for either emotion, people were more likely to speak out, regardless of opinion climate.
What do others’ reactions to body posting on Instagram tell us? The effects of social media comments on viewers’ body image perception
Authors: Kim Hye Min
Published: September 2020

Studies have highlighted the influence of social media comments on users’ perceptual consequences, but whether this holds true in the body image context is still largely unknown. This experimental study investigated the effects of social media comments on ideal body perception and how it influences one’s own body satisfaction. Results showed that comments guided the viewers’ perceptions of what is considered as “ideal” body. Viewers of favorable comments to body posting reported greater idealization of the body imagery (i.e. ideal-enhancing effects), whereas viewers of unfavorable comments showed a lower level of idealization (i.e. ideal-derogating effects). Also, the indirect effects of comments on body satisfaction via idealization were moderated by individual self-discrepancy between personal ideal and own body. This study sheds light on potentially inspiring or protective role of comments against perfect-looking bodies on social media while calling attention to the need for reconsidering the media effects theory for body image.
Blast from the past: U.S. foreign policy and Indexing India in U.S. press during Cold War
Authors: Mazumdar Abhijit
Published: September 2020

This qualitative research studied press-state relations using India as a case study. It studied India’s depiction in The New York Times during the Cold War using Indexing theory. Indexing theory states that the press reflects policies of its own country’s government during international reporting. This research uncovered common themes in the newspaper between 1967 and 1991 that lent support to Indexing theory. The research has implications for the U.S. media that recently started criticizing India following the U.S. government’s criticism of India on account of various political moves taken by the Narendra Modi-led government.
Student diversity and student voice conceptualisations in five European countries: Implications for including all students in schools
Authors: Messiou Kyriaki , Bui Lien Thien , Ainscow Mel , Gasteiger-Klicpera Barbara , Bešić Edvina , Paleczek Lisa , Hedegaard-Sørensen Lotte , Ulvseth Hilde , Vitorino Teresa , Santos Jorge , Simon Cecilia , Sandoval Marta , Echeita Gerardo
Published: September 2020

This article analyses the ways in which notions of student diversity and student voice are defined in five European countries, two terms directly related to notions of inclusion. In so doing, it examines links between the two terms, noting that, often, they are used in international research without acknowledging the ways that they are defined within particular national contexts. Using literature and policy documents from five countries (i.e. Austria, Denmark, England, Portugal and Spain), the article highlights similarities as well as differences in the various contexts. Through the analysis of these texts, the paper concludes that diversity is conceptualised in five ways, although there is occasionally overlap of different conceptualisations in some of the countries. Meanwhile, the term ‘student voice’ is a term that is not used in some of the countries’ policies. Instead, other terms that relate to student voice, such as ‘participation’, are used. The paper discusses the implications of these varied understandings for the promotion of the inclusion of all students in schools.
On the integration of acoustic phase-gradient metasurfaces in aeronautics
Authors: Palma Giorgio , Burghignoli Lorenzo
Published: September 2020

Metamaterials might be one of the breakthrough technologies needed from the aeronautic industry to achieve the more and more challenging targets set by the international authorities, especially about noise emissions. In this article, a theoretical link between Transformation Acoustics and Generalized Snell’s Law, two widely used metamaterial models, is demonstrated analytically and applied to case studies. The relevance of the connection in the aeroacoustic field is discussed along with the consequent computational advantages for numerical simulations. This is exploited to perform a simulation-based design optimization of a phase-graded metasurface acoustic lining of a 2 D duct in presence of flow. Results show promising abilities of the optimized device to modify and control the directivity of the noise emitted from the duct by means of unconventional reflections. The noise reduction in the desired direction is obtained through constructive and destructive interference, with no absorption from the boundaries.
Development of acoustic “meta-liners” providing sub-wavelength absorption
Authors: Flanagan Lara , Heaphy David , Kennedy John , Leiba Raphaël , Rice Henry
Published: September 2020

The sound absorptive performance of a proposed “meta-liner” are investigated in this paper. The structure is composed of closely placed plates connected by openings at alternating locations in a stacked format. This system presents multiple band gaps with high absorption and sub-wavelength behaviour (sample thickness equals 0.04 λ), achieved through tortuosity within the design. The acoustic response of the single layer is obtained numerically and with experimental verification under normal incidence. The repeating cellular design allows efficiencies in the viscothermal numerical analysis and using a transfer matrix approach, it is demonstrated that the response of the overall system may be efficiently predicted from a detailed model of a unit cell. Both the transfer matrix method and a full viscothermal model are validated against experimental data as a function of system depth. The analysis gives very satisfactory results which could form the basis for future designs.
Revascularization Outcomes in Patients With Acute Limb Ischemia and Active Neoplastic Disease
Authors: Argyriou Angeliki , Kafetzakis Alexandros , Saratzis Athanasios , Huasen Bella , Coscas Raphaël , Renard Regis , Bisdas Theodosios , Torsello Giovanni , Tsilimparis Nikolaos , Calderbank Tom , Stavroulakis Konstantinos
Published: September 2020

Purpose

To report the outcomes of surgical (ST), endovascular (ET), and hybrid (HT) treatment in cancer patients with acute limb ischemia (ALI).

Materials and Methods

A multicenter retrospective registry collected 139 patients (mean age 72.3±12.4 years; 73 men) with ALI and active malignancy treated by ET (41, 29%), ST (70, 51%), or HT (28, 20%) in 7 European centers between July 2007 and February 2019. In 22 cases (16%) ALI was the first manifestation of the malignancy. Lung cancer was the most common diagnosis (38, 27%). The primary composite outcome was amputation-free survival (AFS). Overall survival, amputation-free time (AFT), and reintervention-free time (RFT) were also assessed. Cox regression analysis was applied to identify independent risk factors for the primary and secondary outcomes. Results are presented as the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results

ET was associated with improved 12-month AFS compared with both ST (HR 2.27, 95% CI 1.20 to 4.28, p=0.002) and HT (HR 2.14, 95% CI 1.09 to 4.18, p=0.008). ST (HR 2.50, 95% CI 1.19 to 5.53, p=0.003) and HT (HR 3.10, 95% CI 1.45 to 6.65, p<0.001) were related to an increased risk for mortality compared with ET. At 12 months, the AFT was similar between the 3 groups (ET vs ST: HR 1.52, 95% CI 0.51 to 4.53, p=0.45 and ET vs HT: HR 1.21, 95% CI 0.36 to 4.11, p=0.73). The 12-month RFT also did not differ significantly between the 3 treatment options (ET vs ST: HR 1.10, 95% CI 0.49 to 2.46, p=0.79 and ET vs HT: HR 0.51, 95% CI 0.22 to 1.17, p=0.19). ST and/or HT increased the risk for the major amputation and/or death (HR 1.76, 95% CI 1.05 to 2.05, p=0.03), while Rutherford class I ischemia (HR 0.12, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.90, p=0.04) and previous vascular interventions on the index limb (HR 0.55, 95% CI 0.32 to 0.97, p=0.04) showed a protective effect.

Conclusion

In patients with ALI and active malignant disease, ET was associated with increased AFS and overall survival compared with both ST and HT, while the limb salvage and reintervention rates were comparable among the 3 groups.
The Pursuit of Nurse Practitioner Practice Legislation: A Case Study
Authors: Moore Catherine , Kabbe Angela , Gibson Tiffany S. , Letvak Susan
Published: September 2020

Across the United States, nursing practice acts (NPAs) have been revised to include provisions that promote full practice authority (FPA) for nurse practitioners (NPs). Such revisions provide a mechanism to better utilize the full scope of NP services to address growing demands for access to health care. Modernized NPAs that facilitate FPA for NPs are imperative, especially now with the unprecedented health care crisis that the world now faces: Coronavirus Disease 2019. This is the first known study to use an embedded single-case study design, guided by the Kingdon policy stream model, to provide a detailed account of how stakeholders for NP FPA determine the appropriate time to pursue legislative changes to NP scope of practice regulations. Qualitative data analysis revealed four themes which comprised the components considered by stakeholders during their decision-making processes related to NP FPA: participants, problem, policy development, and politics. Themes were further collapsed within concepts from the Kingdon model to form the case description. Study findings can be used to increase the competency among NP FPA stakeholders in determining the timing of legislative pursuits for regulatory change.