bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uzun Süreli Korumalı ve Geleneksel Toprak İşleme Sistemlerinin Beta Glikosidaz Enzim Aktivitesi ve Potansiyel Mineralize Olabilir Azot Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: Günal Hikmet , Çelik İsmail
Published: February 2023

Bu çalışmada, dokuz yıl süre ile uygulanan iki geleneksel, üç azaltılmış ve sıfır toprak işleme yöntemlerinin GEA ve PMN üzerine etkileri belirlenmiş ve karşılaştırılmıştır. Tesadüf blokları şeklinde 2006 yılında başlatılan çalışmada, 6 farklı toprak işleme sistemi için 3 tekerrürlü ve toplam 18 adet parsel yer almaktadır. Bunlara ilaveten, Araştırma alanında, anızlı geleneksel toprak işleme (Gİ–1), anızları yakılmış geleneksel toprak işleme (Gİ–2), ağır diskli tırmıklı azaltılmış toprak işleme (ATİ–1), rototillerli azaltılmış toprak işleme (ATİ–2), ağır diskli tırmıklı azaltılmış sıfır toprak işleme (ASTİ) ve doğrudan ekimli sıfır toprak işleme (STİ) şeklinde altı farklı toprak işleme yöntemi uygulanmaktadır. Ürün rotasyonu olarak bugüne kadar kışlık bitki olarak her yıl buğday ve yazlık olarak (ikinci ürün) buğday hasadını takiben sırasıyla bir yıl mısır ve bir yıl soya yetiştirilmiştir. Toprak işleme sistemlerinin farklılaşması GEA ve PMN konsantrasyonunun önemli düzeyde farklılaşmasına neden olmuştur. Toprak işleme yoğunluğunun azalması ile birlikte önemli düzeyde artış gösteren GEA konsantrasyonu 44,68 mg PNP kg-1 sa-1 (Gİ-2) ile 207,66 mg PNP kg-1 sa-1 (STİ) arasında değişmiştir. Ancak GEA‘da belirlenen trend PMN‘de tespit edilememiştir. Sıfır toprak işleme altındaki topraklarda PMN konsantrasyonu önemli düzeyde yüksek olmakla birlikte ATİ-1 ile PMN konsantrasyonu bakımından aynı grupta yer almıştır. İşlenmemiş topraklarda PMN konsantrasyonunun daha yüksek olmasının muhtemelen toprak strüktürünün parçalanmaması ile ilişkili olduğu düşünülmektedir. Araştırma sonuçları, azaltılmış ve sıfır toprak işleme sistemlerinin bölgede toprağın kalitesinin arttırılması adına son derece gerekli olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.
Uzun Süreli Deneme Koşullar Altında, Artan Dozlarda Fosfor Uygulamasının Toprak Karbon, Azot ve Fosfor İçeriğine Etkisi
Authors: Işık Mehmet , Öztürk Feyzullah , Akşahin Veysi , Demirkol Berna , Ortaş İbrahim
Published: February 2023

Çalışmanın amacı uzun süreli çakılı deneme koşullarında artan dozlarda P uygulamasının toprak C, N ve P içeriği ve elementlerin kendi aralarındaki etkileşimlerini araştırmaktır. Test edilen araştırma hipotezi ise; artan dozlarda P uygulaması toprak C, N ve P konsantrasyonlarını arttırmakta ve buna bağlı olarak bitkisel üretim artmaktadır. Deneme Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Araştırma ve Uygulama Çiftliğinde 1998 de Arık toprak serisinde çakılı deneme olarak kurulmuş ve günümüze kadar buğday-mısır rotasyonu olarak devam ettirilmektedir. Söz konusu çalışmada her üretim sezonu öncesi 0 kg P2O5 ha-1 (P0), 50 kg P2O5 ha-1 (P50), 100 kg P2O5 ha-1 (P100) ve 200 kg P2O5 ha-1 (P200) konuları üç tekerrürlü olarak uygulanmaktadır. Çalışma Kasım 2017 de Adana-99 çeşidi Buğday (â€ŽTriticum aestivum L.) ekilerek kurulmuş olup Mayıs 2018 de hasat edilmiştir. Hasat ile birlikte farklı toprak derinliklerinden (0-15 ve 15-30 cm) ve farklı bölgelerden (rizosfer ve rizosfer olmayan) toprak örnekleri alınarak analize hazır hale getirilmiştir. Toprak organik C (OC), inorganik C (IC), toplam C ve N içeriği ve P konsantrasyonları tayin edilmiştir. Araştırma Bulguları gösteriyor ki; her iki derinlikte rizosfer (R) ve rizosfer olmayan (NR) bölgelerde P içeriği bakımından istatistiksel olarak dikkate değer bir fark olup; kontrole kıyasla en iyi uygulama P200 uygulamasında elde edilmiştir. Artan P doz uygulaması ile toprak P içeriği doğrusal bir şekilde artmıştır. Toprak OC içeriği bakımından ise rizosfer ve rizosfer olmayan bölgelerde (15-30 cm derinlikte) istatistiksel olarak dikkate değer bir fark olup, kontrole kıyasalar en iyi uygulama P200 uygulamasında sağlanmıştır. Ayrıca, artan P doz uygulamasına bağlı olarak ortalama toprak OC, toplam N ve C içeriği artış göstermekte olup sonuçlar hipotezimizi destekler niteliktedir.
Mecitözü (Çorum) Ekolojisinde Yetiştirilen Bazı Üzüm Çeşitlerinin Performanslarının Araştırılması
Authors: Cangi Rüstem , Demir Ergün
Published: February 2023

Bu araştırmada, Mecitözü (Çorum) koşullarında yetiştirilen dört üzüm çeşidinin (Hasandede, Öküzgözü, Boğazkere ve Horoz Karası) optimum hasat zamanları, salkım ve tane özellikleri saptanmıştır. Ardışık iki yıl (2017-2018) boyunca verim, salkım, tane özellikleri, şırada suda çözünebilir kuru madde, pH, titre edilebilir asitlik, olgunluk indisi özellikleri belirlenmiştir. İkinci yıl olgunlaşma dönemlerinde üzüm çeşitlerinde bazı biyokimyasal değişiklikler izlenmiştir. İki yılda da en yüksek verim Horoz Karası (1421,2 ve 1504,8 kg / da) çeşidinde, en düşük verim ise Öküzgözü çeşidinde (619,4 ve 578,31 kg / da) elde edilmiştir. Hasat döneminde, şırada toplam asitlik ve pH değerleri yıllara ve çeşitlere göre değişmiştir. Ben düşme döneminden itibaren olgunlaşmaya kadar tüm çeşitlerde SÇKM ve pH değeri artarken, toplam asit miktarı ise azalmıştır. Hasat döneminde tüm çeşitler her iki yılda da optimum hasat olgunluğuna ulaşmışlardır.
Zeolit Uygulamasının Toprakta Nitrat Miktarı ve Mısır Bitkisinin (Zea Mays L.) Gelişimi Üzerine Etkileri
Authors: Şahin Sezer , Tutar Gamze Uçar , Geboloğlu Naif
Published: February 2023

Tarım alanlarında azot kayıpları çevre kirliliğine neden olmaktadır. Aynı zamanda bitkisel üretimde verimi düşürmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı zeolit ve azot uygulamalarının mısır bitkisinin gelişimi üzerine etkilerini araştırmaktır. Bir diğer amaç topraktaki nitrat değişimlerini ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmada Everest mısır çeşidi kullanılmıştır. Zeolit dozları olarak 0, 125, 250 ve 500 kg/da toprağa uygulama yapılmıştır. Toprağa azot dozları olarak 5, 10, 15 ve 20 kg/da uygulamalar yapılmıştır. Çalışmada zeolit ve azot uygulamaları mısır bitkisinin bitki boyu, koçan ağırlığı ve yeşil ot verimi istatiksel olarak artırmıştır. En yüksek yeşil ot verimi Z3N3 uygulamasında 6563 kg/da iken en düşük yeşil ot verimi 4021 kg/da Z0N0 uygulamasında tespit edilmiştir. Azot dozlarının artışı topraktaki nitrat miktarını istatiksel olarak %1, zeolit uygulamaları ise istatiksel olarak %5 arttırmıştır. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları azot kayıplarının azaltılmasında ve bitkinin azottan daha fazla yararlanması için toprağa zeolit uygulaması yapılması faydalı olacaktır.
Effect of mixed cropping of water yam (Dioscorea alata) on Ganoderma disease of oil palm
Authors: Fadli Rahmad , Suwandi Suwandi , Nurhayati Nurhayati , Muslim A. , Irsan Chandra
Published: February 2023

Basal stem rot caused by a soil-borne fungus, Ganoderma boninense, is one of the most severe diseases in monoculture oil palm plantations.  The effect of mixed cropping with water yam on infection and inoculum potential of Ganoderma boninense on oil palm seedlings was assessed under a pot experiment. Plant inoculation with rubber woodblock (RWB)-colonized Ganoderma induced disease on both mixed cropped hosts (multiple host infection), but with less severe root necrotic and less plant mortality relative to inoculation on a single oil palm host. Inoculum potential of the pathogen was reduced under mixed cropping, as shown by more considerable RWB decay than a single host, and the fungal survival was suppressed to be 55% for 12 months trial. Water yam mixed cropping did not interfere with the growth of the inoculated oil palm seedling. This study revealed the multiple host infection under mixed cropping with water yam suppressed damage caused by Ganoderma boninense to oil palm as the primary host.
Analysis of the level of non-specific and specific immunity parameters in saliva of children with osteogenesis imperfecta and study of relationships between selected proteins, disease symptoms and sociodemographic factors
Authors: Kozubska Agnieszka , Grzegorczyk Janina , Konieczka Magdalena , Szczepańska Joanna
Published: February 2023

Introduction. Osteogenesis imperfecta is characterized by dental symptoms, including dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI). Carious process can be modified by factors such as patient’s hygiene habits, diet, saliva and its components. Saliva’s elements of non-specific immunity with antibacterial and immunomodulatory action are hBD1, hBD2 defensins, cathelicidin LL-37, lysozyme and specific immunity – secretory immunoglobulin A. Aim. Analysis of levels of hBD1 and hBD2 defensins, cathelicidin LL-37, lysozyme and sIgA in saliva of children with osteogenesis imperfecta and in a comparative group of healthy children. Material and methods. In the years 2015-2018, 62 individuals with brittle bone disease were examined, samples of non-stimulated saliva were collected from 30 patients and from 30 subjects of the comparative group. Levels of the examined parameters were measured using ELISA immunoassays tests. Statistical analysis of laboratory test results was carried out. Statistically significant differences/relationships were established at the significance level of p < 0.05. Results. The concentration of the studied proteins in saliva did not differ significantly between the groups. There were statistically significant positive correlations between: age and sIgA concentration in saliva of the examined patients; age and concentration of hBD1 and hBD2 in saliva of children from the comparative group; age and sIgA concentration in saliva of patients from the study and comparative groups. For the comparative group, statistically significant differences in sIgA concentrations in saliva between girls and boys were observed. Conclusions. Laboratory test results of hBD1 and hBD2 defensins, cathelicidin LL-37, lysozyme and sIgA levels in saliva indicate that there is a need for further laboratory tests, which could explain the low levels of caries index in children with osteogenesis imperfecta. The increased levels of sIgA in saliva with growing age of the patients (with OI and healthy children) may indicate that specific immunity system matures with age or may reflect the impact of external environment on this parameter.
Do adhesive molecules ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 affect the development and course of gastrointestinal tumors?
Authors: Zarebski Pawel , Zubkiewicz Anna , Zubkiewicz-Kucharska Agnieszka
Published: February 2023

Solid tumors are composed of two compartments: cancerous cells constituting the essential mass of tumor and stromal tumor cells. Cell-cell and extracellular matrix-cell interactions are mediated by adhesive molecules (CAMs, cell adhesion molecules) and affect the growth, differentiation and migration of tumor cells. Abnormal ICAM expression may underlie in morphological disturbances, loss of cell-to-cell junctions, cytoskeleton disorganization, allowing cancer cells to detach from tumor mass and metastase. The aim of this work is to present the current state of knowledge and results of new research on the expression of selected adhesion molecules: ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in patients with esophageal, gastric and colorectal cancer. Recently, the research of adhesion molecules in numerous cancers has been observed. It has been demonstrated that ICAM-1 participates in all stages of oncogenesis. The interaction of the host ICAM-1 with a ligand on a tumor cell and host cell during subsequent metastatic stages may become an attractive target for anticancer treatment. Studies have shown that VCAM-1 plays an important role in the process of tumor cell adhesion to endothelial cells and in the neovascularization process. The concentration of soluble VCAM-1 in serum correlates with the expression of VCAM-1 in tumor tissue, and is significantly reduced after surgical removal of the tumor. In this aspect sVCAM-1 can be treated as a sensitive diagnostic and prognostic marker.
Results of the impact of antiproteinase hemosorbent on the dynamics of clinical and laboratory indicators in children with generalized peritonitis
Authors: Yackubtsevich Ruslan , Serhiyenka Uladzimir , Khmialenka Aleksander , Vakulchik Victor , Kazhina Valery , Nadolny Klaudiusz , Ladny Jerzy Robert
Published: February 2023

Introduction. Despite the undoubted success of modern medicine, peritonitis in children remains not only a surgical, but also a general pathological problem, the relevance of which does not decrease. The use of efferent therapy methods, in particular hemosorption, imitating the natural mechanisms of detoxification of the body, are promising in the complex therapy of children with peritonitis. Aim. The aim of the study was to establish the effectiveness of the antiproteinase hemosorbent „Hemo-proteazsorb” in the complex intensive care of children with generalized peritonitis. Material and methods. A prospective randomized study of 60 children with generalized peritonitis was conducted. In the main group, there were 30 patients who underwent hemosorption in complex intensive care, and the comparison group also included 30 patients who underwent traditional treatment. The examined groups were comparable in terms of the nature of the pathology and the severity of the condition. Results. During hemoperfusion, a significant increase in blood saturation was established from 95.1 (93.2; 97.1)% to 97.3 (95.5; 98.7)%, with an improvement in oxygen transport (ctO2, mmol/l) from 6.9 (6.4; 7.9) to 8.8 (1.5; 9.7) and a decrease in lactate level (mmol/l) from 1.7 (1.5;2.1) to 1.1 (0.9;1.3), which indicates normalization of blood oxygenation and improvement of microcirculation. After 24 hours, there was a significant decrease in the amount of points on the pSOFA scale, from 4.5 (3.0; 6.0) to 0.5 (0; 2.0), p < 0.001, normalization of body temperature, restoration of intestinal function was noted in 15 (50.0% CI: 32.1-67.9) children, which indicates a decrease in multiple organ dysfunction and improvement of the condition. When compared in the second group, the studied indicators changed much more slowly. Conclusions. The data obtained as a result of the study on the positive dynamics of clinical and laboratory parameters prove the high effectiveness of the use of the Belarusian hemosorbent ?Hemo-proteazsorb? in the complex of intensive care of generalized peritonitis.
Health Policy Reform in Latvia from 1990 to 2020 in Perspective of Historical Institutionalism. Summary of the Doctoral Thesis
Authors:   ,   Rīga Stradiņš University, Bikava Ieva
Published: February 2023

Development of the Health politics as well as implementation of different changes in health policy in Latvia has been a topical issue since the year 1990, when Latvia regain its independency from USSR. Successful development, acceptance and implementation of the policy change is one of the most significant functions of public administration. Analysis of the basic values and ideas of the health policy in health care in democratic states during the last 30 years has been not changed: to ensure health system that provides health care accessibility to citizens. By this providing accessibility in terms of geographical as well as timely and affordably way, at the same time providing appropriate quality in compliance with the contemporary worldwide standards as well as according to available funding, developing the model that provides that the money is used in the most effective and efficient way. According to the indicators of the health system performance – in Latvia the goals of the health reform by changing the healthcare providing model, has not been achieved, and in comparison to other EU states, Latvia is lagging far behind the other states, even the neighboring countries – Estonia and Lithuania, with whom Latvia was in the same starting positions at the year 1990. The objective of the thesis “Health Policy Reform in Latvia from 1990 to 2020 in Perspective of Historical Institutionalism” is to analyze healthcare reform of Latvia in the period form 1990 to 2020 from the perspective of Historical Institutionalism and to provide answers to three research questions: 1) what changes in health policy were implemented in the scope of the reform; 2) what objectives of the reform were achieved; 3) why the achievement of the goals were delayed in reforming health policy of Latvia in the period from 1990 to 2020. First chapter provides description of the Historical Institutionalism – theoretical approach that is chosen as the basis for this research. The second chapter provides contextual description and research methodology. The third chapter provides the analysis of the health reform analyse, consisting of two parts. The first characterizes changes in health policy that were implemented during the reform and their outcomes. The second part analyses the policy process in order to identify hindering factors in reform implementation process. Conclusion chapter provides the summary of the research results and observations.
Narrativas coloniais e discursos de poder: a tirania em Siracusa de Período Arcaico
Authors: Hora Juliana Figueira da
Published: February 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma discussão documental das fontes escritas em um contexto específico de formação das pólis gregas coloniais, contatos com populações locais e estabelecimento de laços de poder nos territórios fora da Grécia balcânica. Traremos para este artigo uma perspectiva interpretativa das chamadas “narrativas coloniais” como força atuante de negociações culturais entre populações.  A partir do estudo de caso de Siracusa, colônia grega de período arcaico, ensejamos inserir, na esfera dos embates políticos e sociais de época, narrativas coloniais embasadas nos discursos de poder no contexto das tiranias dos chamados “Deinomênidas”. Discorremos sobre o posicionamento das tendências filosóficas quanto à tirania. E, produramos demonstrar como a documentação escrita e material são basilares para a compreensão da teia discursiva de poder tirânico local e  da justificativa colonialista grega em aliança com as populações locais.
O Minos de Platão: Tradução, introdução e notas
Authors: Rieger da Silva Claver
Published: February 2023

A presente tradução compreende duas partes: 1) uma breve introdução sobre asespecificidades textuais do diálogo e sobre as medidas adotadas para superá las; 2) a tradução propriamente dita. Com a breve introdução, espera-se enfatizar a necessidade de uma tradução fiel ao texto grego da obra, a qual é muito importante a quem deseja se aprofundar na filosofia política de Platão e, em especial, nas Leis.
Observações culturais sobre Macrembolites, Das aventuras de Hismine e Hismínias - notas e tradução do grego (livros 6 a 11)
Authors: Troca Pereira Reina Marisol
Published: February 2023

Drama romanesco sentimental de certa forma subversivo reportado a E. Macrembolites, no duodécimo século do período bizantino. Desenvolvido em 11 partes, Hismínias reconta, qual epopeia com contornos trágicos, o conturbado proceso amoroso que o liga a Hismine, desde o início, aventuras itinerantes e retorno. Prosa em língua grega monologada simples, descritiva, repetitiva, irrompe a passividade, qual encenação, com citações e participação de um elenco evocado em discurso indireto livre. De permeio, o retomar de topoi de pendor religioso e sócio-cultural da Antiguidade Clássica por certo do conhecimento e agrado do público, uma tónica de paganismo em contexto judaico-cristão. Após múltiplas peripécias e contacto com a barbárie etíope e helénica, ressaltam mormente o acolhimento de hóspedes e suplicantes, comportamentos varonis e femininos, afetos, servidão(-ões), religiosidade no templo, o cerimonial das Diásiass, domínios divinos. Por fim, numa estrutura em círculo que conduz e justifica a preservação, o mesmo equivale a dizer imortalização da história relatada numa sequência tripartida por um narrador descrente, depois herói vitimizado até ao crente submisso erguido como conservador, enquanto escritor.
O PROCESSO DE INCLUSÃO ESCOLAR NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE CRIANÇAS COM SÍNDROME DE DOWN
Authors: Sousa Francisca Noelia Lemos de , Viana Rita Andreia Marques , Linard Cybelle Facanha Barreto Medeiros
Published: February 2023

As crianças com Síndrome de Down lutam atualmente pela inclusão escolar que é um processo que tem como propósito inserir essas crianças no meio social. Essa pesquisa objetivou-se, caracterizar o meio de inclusão escolar no desenvolvimento das crianças com Síndrome de Down. Trata-se de um estudo bibliográfico, transversal, utilizou-se na pesquisa o banco de dados: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e a base de dados: Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo). Foram utilizados os seguintes descritores: síndrome de Down, medicamentos, inclusão escolar. A pesquisa foi realizada entre os meses de setembro e outubro de 2021, tendo como critérios de inclusão: estudos realizados no período de 2016 a 2018, limitando- se aos artigos com textos completos, open acess, publicados no idioma português. Foram encontradas 234 publicações: BVS (225), Scielo (9). Conforme os resultados a inclusão escolar dependem da participação ativa dos pais, da escola. Sendo importante apoiar essas crianças com deficiência e incentivá-los através das propostas pedagógicas a desenvolver novas habilidades no âmbito escolar além de conter relações com os outros alunos. Os critérios de exclusão foram: artigos que fujam do tema abordado, cartas ao editor e editoriais. Pode-se concluir que, por mais que precise se avançar muito neste assunto, é possível perceber que as escolas já veem essa inclusão como uma forma de colocar essas crianças junto as outras e assim trabalhar as diversidades.
OS PROFESSORES E A SÍNDROME DE BURNOUT
Authors: Carvalhêdo Tereza Célia Silva , Melo Maria Celia Conceição de
Published: February 2023

Este artigo objetivou evidenciar as possibilidades de identificar a síndrome de Burnout em professores, bem como, causas, prevenção e intervenção. É relevante manter a saúde mental no ambiente laboral, justifica-se essa preocupação por considerarmos os dados recentes sobre o Burnout como um dos primeiros enunciados para que outros transtornos mentais venham a se desenvolver levando a altos índices de afastamentos laborais. Trata-se de um estudo bibliográfico-exploratório, de natureza qualitativa descritiva, que objetivou expor as possibilidades de prevenção e a intervenção da Síndrome de Burnout nos espaços educacionais. No primeiro momento fez-se um levantamento teórico sobre o Burnout, seguido dos estudos sobre professores acometidos pela Síndrome de Burnout e por último, as possibilidades de prevenção e intervenção. O referencial teórico evidenciou excelentes modos de prevenção e intervenção da Síndrome de Burnout possibilitando a atuação dos gestores escolares. Expomos as alternativas utilizadas pelos teóricos, como modos de prevenção e intervenção do Burnout nas organizações, dentre esses, orientação de alimentação saudável, atividade física, sono regular, adaptação ou mudança de posto de trabalho, treinamentos, desenvolvimento e férias. Dos 47 artigos encontrados foram selecionados 12, obtendo-se como principais causas da síndrome de Burnout em professores: falta de ambiente com estrutura física adequada, desinteresse de alunos, inflexibilidade nas relações, insatisfação profissional, exaustão emocional, inversão de valores sociais, violência nas escolas, escassa atividade de lazer, desvalorização profissional e salarial, regime de trabalho horista, dentre outras.
ACIDENTES OCUPACIONAIS ENTRE ACADÊMICOS DE ODONTOLOGIA E A BIOSSEGURANÇA COMO MÉTODO DE PREVENÇÃO: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Silva Inês Ariane Gomes da , Ferreira Isaquiel Chaves , Andrade Lucas Gabriel Nunes , Leite João Jaime Giffoni , Silveira Paula Ventura da
Published: February 2023

Este estudo objetiva analisar os acidentes ocupacionais entre acadêmicos de Odontologia e suas respectivas causas e enfatizar a importância do ensino da Biossegurança como forma de prevenção de acidentes e promoção de saúde. Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura baseada em artigos científicos selecionados nos portais eletrônicos BVS, PubMed e SciELO em qualquer idioma, nos quais foram obtidas 649 publicações e selecionadas 12 para nortear esta revisão, tendo como critérios de inclusão pesquisas disponíveis de forma eletrônica e gratuitamente na íntegra em qualquer idioma; publicadas nos últimos 10 anos que analisavam os principais tipos de acidentes ocupacionais entre estudantes de Odontologia. Foram excluídos 638 artigos que abordavam temas tangentes ao objeto de estudo. A maioria dos acidentes ocorreu durante procedimentos odontológicos e lavagem dos instrumentais, os materiais mais relatados pelos discentes foram agulhas e instrumentos de corte. As mãos e dedos foram as áreas mais lesionadas pelos instrumentos perfurocortantes. Nestes estudos, os acidentados em questão cursavam a partir do 5º semestre e tinham entre 20 a 30 anos de idade, os quais apresentaram uma prevalência do sexo feminino nas fichas de notificações de acidentes. Dessa forma, torna-se necessária a efetivação de estratégias e normas que visem à prevenção e à notificação dos acidentes no intuito de promover segurança e saúde à equipe odontológica e aos pacientes durante e após os procedimentos clínicos.
Prediction of effective lens position (ELP) and its changes in different monofocal intraocular lens (IOL’s)
Authors: Pereira Savio , Ganesh Sri , Umarani Ramya , Sute Smith Snehal
Published: February 2023

Objectives:

To evaluate effective lens position (ELP) is more accurately predicted by anterior chamber depth (ACD) alone or by ACD + ½ lens thickness (LT) and to compare the ELP and refractive outcome of different monofocal intraocular lens (IOLs) in patients undergoing phacoemulsification.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 122 eyes with senile cataract underwent phacoemulsification with three different types of IOL implantation. Biometry data were obtained by IOL master 700 (SS-OCT) and IOL power was calculated using Barrett Universal II formula. Two prediction formulae for ELP were compared, one with ACD + ½ LT and other with ACD alone; furthermore, comparison was done among three types of IOL. Mean prediction error was calculated for both methods and among three IOL groups.

Results:

In the study, predicted ELP according to ACD + ½ LT was 5.27 ± 0.27 and Mean pre-op ACD was 3.069 ± 0.349 mm, achieved ELP (post-op ACD) was 4.98 ± 0.47 mm and between the two; ACD + ½ LT is closer to achieved ELP. The difference between mean ACD + ½ LT (5.22) and achieved ELP (4.71) was 0.50 in ALCON ACRYSOF IQ (SN60WF) and difference of ACD + ½ LT (5.33) and achieved ELP (5.07) was 0.25 in J and J TECNIS 1 (ZCB00), while the difference of ACD + ½ LT (5.28) and achieved ELP (5.16) was 0.114 in ZEISS CT LUCIA (611P). Residual refraction predicted by IOL master 700 and achieved residual refraction at post-op 1 month was −0.15 ± 0.19 and −0.10 ± 0.30 in ACRYSOF IQ, was −0.11 ± 0.18 and −0.01 ± 0.20 in TECNIS 1 and was −0.10 ± 0.20 and + 0.396 ± 0.22 in ZEISS CT LUCIA, respectively.

Conclusion:

ELP may be better predicted by formulae ACD + ½ LT than ACD alone with mean differences of 0.29 and 1.92 in two prediction groups, respectively. ALCON ACRYSOF IQ (SN60WF) and J and J TECNIS 1 (ZCB00) group had myopic shifts of 0.10 and 0.11, respectively, while ZEISS CT LUCIA (611P) group had hyperopic shifts of 0.5002 which was statistically significant, as ALCON ACRYSOF IQ (SN60WF) and J and J TECNIS 1 (ZCB00) ELP is positioned more anterior and ZEISS CT LUCIA (611P) relatively posterior.
Dilation of proximal internal carotid artery collapse due to severe distal stenosis after angioplasty for distal stenosis: A case report
Authors: Kinosada Masanori , Ikeda Hiroyuki , Morita Takumi , Wada Makoto , Uezato Minami , Kurosaki Yoshitaka , Chin Masaki
Published: February 2023

Background:

We report a case of proximal internal carotid artery (ICA) collapse due to severe distal stenosis that dilated after angioplasty for distal stenosis.

Case Description:

A 69-year-old woman underwent thrombectomy for the left ICA occlusion due to stenosis of C3 portion and was discharged home with a modified Rankin Scale score of 0. One year later, she developed cerebral infarction due to progressive stenosis of the C3 portion of the left ICA with proximal ICA collapse and underwent emergency percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) for distal stenosis. Device guidance to the stenosis was difficult due to proximal ICA collapse. After PTA, blood flow in the left ICA increased, and proximal ICA collapse dilated over time. Due to severe residual stenosis, she underwent more aggressive PTA followed by Wingspan stenting. Device guidance to the residual stenosis was facilitated because proximal ICA collapse had already dilated. Six months later, proximal ICA collapse further dilated.

Conclusion:

PTA for severe distal stenosis with proximal ICA collapse may result in dilation of proximal ICA collapse over time.
Neural potentials of proteins extrapolate beyond training data
Authors: Wellawatte Geemi P. , Hocky Glen M. , White Andrew D.
Published: February 2023

We evaluate neural network (NN) coarse-grained force fields compared to traditional CG molecular mechanics force fields. We conclude NN force fields are able to extrapolate and sample from unseen regions of the free energy surface free energy surfaces when trained with limited data. Our results come from 88 NN force fields trained on different combinations of clustered free energy surfaces from four protein mapped trajectories. We used total variation similarity as our metric to assess the agreement between free energy surfaces of force fields and the mapped atomistic simulations. Additionally, force matching error was found to only be weakly correlated with a force field's ability to reconstruct the correct free energy surface. These conclusions support the common hypothesis that constructing force fields on one region of the protein free energy surface can indeed extrapolate to unexplored regions.
Models of orientational disorder in hybrid organic-inorganic piezoelectric materials
Authors: Tolborg Kasper , Walsh Aron
Published: February 2023

Hybrid organic-inorganic materials show potential as flexible and Pb-free piezoelectric materials, but ferroelectric-to-paraelectric phase transitions are responsible for a loss of properties at increased temperatures. Here, we develop a model Hamiltonian from first-principles calculations for the archetypical hybrid organic-inorganic piezoelectric TMCMCdCl3 (TMCM = trimethylchloromethyl ammonium, Me3NCH2Cl+) to model the order-disorder phase transition. We show that the configurational entropy from molecular orientational disorder is alone unable the quantitatively reproduce the phase transition temperature, but inclusion of vibrational entropy leads to good quantitative agreement with experiments. This highlights the importance of vibrational contributions for the phase stability of soft and flexible materials. We furthermore show that defective structures and intergrowths are readily formed at ambient temperature which is suggested to be responsible for the exceptional piezoelectric response of these materials, which cannot be explained from the conventional small-displacement limit.
Structure Guided Design of VANOL-imidodiphosphorimidate Catalysts for the Catalytic Enantioselective Bromo Spiroketalization Reaction
Authors: Mohammadlou Aliakbar , Chakraborty Ankush , Maday Mitchell , Yin Xiaopeng , Zheng Li , Gholami Hadi , Ashtekar Kumar , Staples Richard , Wulff William , Borhan Babak
Published: February 2023

This report presents a structure-guided approach for the optimization of VANOL-derived imidodiphosphorimidates as catalysts for the halonium-ion-induced spiroketalization reaction. Fine tuning of the catalyst active site, alongside enhanced acidity, were required to achieve high catalytic activity for the spiroketalization reaction. A wide range of substrates were well tolerated yielding halogenated spiroketals in high yields, diastereoselectivities, and enantioselectivities.
Impact of Finite Phonon Lifetimes on the Spin Dynamics of Single-Molecule Magnets
Authors: Nabi Rizwan , Kragskow Jon , Staab Jakob , Reta Daniel , Skelton Jonathan , Chilton Nicholas
Published: February 2023

The development of single-molecule magnets (SMMs) for information storage and processing relies on compounds with long spin lifetimes, and thus requires an understanding of the spin-phonon coupling. The phonon bath itself has a central role in these interactions, and hence knowledge of the impact of the intrinsic phonon lifetimes is crucial. Here we address this challenge by performing fully ab initio calculations of the phonon linewidths for a molecular crystal of a high-performance SMM. We find that the commonly assumed Born-Markov approximation is justified as phonon dynamics are orders of magnitude faster than the spin dynamics, and that employing ab initio-calculated linewidths in spin-dynamics simulations are secondary to employing a dense numerical sampling of the phonon modes in reciprocal space.
Consistent Improvement on Both Exchange and Correlation within Hybrid Multiconfiguration Pair-density Functional Theory: tB4LYP
Authors: Feng Rulin , Zhang Igor Ying , Xu Xin
Published: February 2023

The great success of hybrid density functional approximations, e.g.~B3LYP and PBE0, is demonstrated by their substantial improvements over their parent methods, i.e.~the Hartree-Fock approximation and the generalized gradient approximation. They also surpass the second-order M\o{}ller-Plesset perturbation theory (MP2) having a much higher computational cost. Here, we generalize the linear scheme of hybrid multiconfiguration pair-density functional theory (HMC-PDFT) by introducing a cross-entropy approximation to achieve a balanced description of the static and dynamic correlation effects, providing a consistent improvement in describing both exchange and correlation energies. We demonstrated that the B3LYP-like translated on-top functional (tB4LYP) established within the new hybrid scheme is not only more accurate than the parent methods of the complete active space self consistent field (CASSCF) and the pure and hybrid MC-PDFT functional (tBLYP and tB3LYP), but also outdoes the complete active space second-order perturbation theory (CASPT2), which is one of the most popular multi-reference wave-function methods in quantum chemistry. Given that the computational cost of tB4LYP is much cheaper than that of CASPT2, we recommend tB4LYP for the study of complex molecular systems where dynamic and static correlation effects are of comparable importance.
Intramolecular and Intermolecular Hole Delocalization Rules the Reducer Character of Isolated Nucleobases and Homogeneous Single-Stranded DNA
Authors: Lucia-Tamudo Jesús , Díaz-Tendero Sergio , Nogueira Juan Jose
Published: February 2023

The use of DNA strands as nanowires or electrochemical biosensors requires a deep understanding of charge transfer processes along the strand, as well as of the redox properties. These properties are computationally assessed in detail throughout this study. By applying molecular dynamics and hybrid QM/continuum and QM/QM/continuum schemes, the vertical ionization energies, adiabatic ionization energies, vertical attachment energies, one-electron oxidation potentials, and delocalization of the hole generated upon oxidation have been determined for nucleobases in their free form and as part of a pure single-stranded DNA. We show that the reducer ability of the isolated nucleobases is explained by the intramolecular delocalization of the positively charged hole, while the enhancement of the reducer character when going from aqueous solution to the strand correlates very well with the intermolecular hole delocalization. Our simulations suggest that the redox properties of DNA strands can be tuned by playing with the balance between intramolecular and intermolecular charge delocalization.
Multi-domain Automated Patterning of DNA-Functionalized Hydrogels
Authors: Rubanov Moshe , Cole Joshua , Lee Heon-Joon , Gonzalez Elia , Chen Zachary , Schulman Rebecca
Published: February 2023

DNA-functionalized hydrogels are capable of sensing oligonucleotides, proteins, and small molecules, and specific DNA sequences sensed in the hydrogels environment can induce changes in these hydrogels shape and fluorescence. Fabricating DNA-functionalized hydrogel architectures with multiple domains could make it possible to sense multiple molecules and undergo more complicated macroscopic changes, such as changing fluorescence or changing the shapes of regions of the hydrogel architecture. However, automatically fabricating multi-domain DNA-functionalized hydrogel architectures, which could enable the construction of hydrogel architectures with tens to hundreds of different domains. We describe a platform for fabricating multi-domain DNA-functionalized hydrogels automatically at the micron scale, where reaction and diffusion processes can be coupled to program material behavior. Using this platform, the hydrogels material properties, such as shape and fluorescence, can be programmed, and the fabricated hydrogels can sense their environment. DNA-functionalized hydrogel architectures with domain sizes as small as 10 microns and with up to 4 different types of domains can be automatically fabricated using ink volumes as low as 50 microliters. We also demonstrate that hydrogels fabricated using this platform exhibit responses similar to those of DNA-functionalized gels fabricated using other methods by demonstrating that DNA sequences can hybridize within them and that they can undergo DNA sequence-induced shape change.
Similarity scores of vibrational spectra reveal the atomistic structure of pentapeptides in multiple basins
Authors: Otaki Hiroki , Ishiuchi Shun-ichi , Fujii Masaaki , Sugita Yuji , Yagi Kiyoshi
Published: February 2023

Vibrational spectroscopy combined with theoretical calculations is a powerful tool to reveal the interaction and conformation of peptides at the atomistic level. Despite the advances in experimental techniques, theoretical calculations have become increasingly challenging as the molecule of interest grows complex. Here, we propose a novel conformational search method, which exploits the structure-spectrum correlation using a similarity score that quantifies the agreement of theoretical and experimental spectra. The method reveals the atomistic structure of two conformers of a capped penta-peptide, acetyl-SIVSF-N-methylamine, which has remained unknown since its first observation [Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2018, 57, 5626]. Although one of the conformers is assigned to the lowest-energy conformer, the other one is found to be 25 kJ mol-1 higher in energy with distinctly different geometry. The result suggests multiple pathways in the early stage of the folding process; one to the global minimum and the other to a different basin. Once such a structure is formed, the second conformer hardly overcomes the barrier to produce the most stable structure due to a vastly different hydrogen bond network of the backbone. The proposed method can characterize not only the lowest-energy conformer but also kinetically trapped, high-energy conformers of complex biomolecules.
Unraveling the Dynamic Correlations between Transition Metal Migrations and the Oxygen Dimer Formation in the Layered LiCoO2 Cathode
Authors: Hu Taiping , Dai Fu-zhi , Zhou Guobing , Wang Xiaoxu , Xu Shenzhen
Published: February 2023

Expanding the voltage window is a common approach for increasing the practical capacity of the LiCoO2 cathode. However, it brings serious concerns such as structural degradations and the associated oxygen release induced by the transition metal (TM) cation migrations at a highly delithiated state. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the dynamic correlations between the TM cation migrations and the oxygen dimer formation. In this work, machine-learning-potential-assisted molecular dynamics simulations combined with enhanced sampling techniques are performed to resolve the above question using a representative CoO2 model. Our results show that the occurrence of the Co migrations exhibits local characteristics. The formation of two adjacent Co vacancies (the Co vacancy cluster) is necessary for the oxygen dimer generation. We further show that the introduction of the Ti dopant can significantly increase the kinetic barrier of the Co ion migration and thus effectively suppress the formation of the Co vacancy cluster. Overall, our work reveals the atomic-scale dynamic correlations between the TM migrations and the instability of the oxygen sublattice in the cathode material, and provides insights about the mechanism of the dopants promotion on the stability of cathode materials.
Yeast driven self exfoliation and functionalisation of graphene
Authors: Mahle Reddhy , Suran Swathi , Singh Appu , Kumbhakar Partha , Galvao Douglas , Cheela Venkata Ravi Sankar , Dubey Brajesh , Nair Rahul Raveendran , Tiwary Chandra Sekhar , Bnaerjee Rintu
Published: February 2023

We report an eco-friendly, economical and green approach to synthesize few-layers of functionalised graphene from large graphite flakes and chunks without the aid of any external mechanical forces. Here, we demonstrate a fermentation process aided by friendly microbes like yeast to effortlessly exfoliate graphite to graphene with a high yield. The evident flaking and delamination of graphene layers, characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Raman spectroscopy, confirmed the successful exfoliation of graphite to few-layer graphene (~10 nm in thickness). The gate-to-gate life cycle assessment of the developed method identified the environmental hotspots of the process. The biofunctionalized graphene (as suggested by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy) was explored for its application in NH4+ sensing, where it exhibited the limit of detection to be ~20 ppm. The detection mechanism was explained based on Raman and FTIR spectroscopy which revealed the functional state and lattice changes introduced in the graphene layers by NH4+ ions. Our study demonstrates a novel, cost-effective exfoliation of graphite using off-the-shelf materials in laboratories or kitchens and has the potential to be scaled up to industry levels. The yeast cells also exhibited their potential in flaking off the bulk MoS2 structure into few-layer MoS2 sheets.
Activity of N.A. Semashko during the evacuation of the 1st Moscow Order of Lenin Medical Institute to Ufa (1941–1942)
Authors: Reshetnikov Vladimir A. , Strizhkova Zulfiya A. , Kinyabulatov Аzat U. , Khazimanova Adel A. , Strizhkov Alexey E.
Published: February 2023

An attempt is made to systematize the main directions of N.A. Semashkos activity during the evacuation of the 1st Moscow Order of Lenin Medical Institute (MOLMI) during the Great Patriotic War to Ufa (October 1941 March 1942) is undertaken. The significance of its results for the Bashkir State Medical Institute (now Bashkir State Medical University) is evaluated. It is shown that the joint work of N.A. Semashko with the teaching staff of the 1st MOLMI and Bashkir medical institute improved the pedagogical and scientific qualification of teachers at Bashkir medical institute, improved the existing forms of teaching, scientific and educational work during the period of war and created new ones. Professor N.A. Semashko actively worked in several directions during complicated conditions of evacuation. Besides pedagogical and scientific activities, he was occupied with the training of scientific-pedagogical personnel, took part in advanced training of physicians and medical workers, organized educational work with the population, delivered brilliant lectures to the crowded halls. In addition, as the first Peoples Commissar of Health of the RSFSR, he helped the Peoples Commissariat of Health of the Bashkir ASSR in organizing the work of evacuation hospitals and rendering assistance to health care institutions located on the territory of the Bashkir ASSR.
Clinical and diagnostic value of including PCR blood test in the traditional algorithm for identifying causative agents of infective endocarditis: a cohort study of 124 patients
Authors: Kotova Elizaveta O. , Domonova Elvira A. , Kobalava Zhanna D. , Moiseeva Aleksandra Yu. , Pisaryuk Alexandra S. , Silveystrova Olga Yu. , Karaulova Julia L. , Akimkin Vasiliy G.
Published: February 2023

Background. If infective endocarditis (IE) is suspected, the determination of the etiology is of fundamental importance for the verification of the disease and the appointment of effective therapy. Microbiological diagnostic features are important, but they often need to be supplemented by culture-independent studies of pathological agents.
Aim. To investigate of the diagnostic advantage and value of quantitative analysis of molecular biological methods (polymerase chain reaction PCR, sequencing) in addition to microbiological examination of whole venous blood in IE.
Materials and methods. We examined 124 patients with suspected or significant IE (DUKE 2015) hospitalized in the Vinogradov City Clinical Hospital (20152021). All patients underwent parallel microbiological (cultural) and molecular biological (PCR or PCR followed by sequencing) examination of venous whole blood samples.
Results. The introduction of an early parallel PCR study into the algorithm for the etiological diagnosis of IE made it possible to obtain an additional advantage in 43/124 (34.7%) patients, which made it possible to exclude unreliable results in the determination of CoNS skin commensals and pathogens atypical for IE or contamination and identify the true pathogens, and also for the first time to isolate the etiopathogenetic pathogen with a negative microbiological study. It was shown that in IE associated with CoNS, the association with the disease was confirmed by PCR in 21.4% (3/14) and refuted in 71.4% (10/14). The coincidence of the results of microbiological and PCR studies of blood samples was obtained only in 35/95 (36.8%). Positive results of PCR analysis of blood of biological material with negative results of culture were obtained in 22/51 (43.1%), of which 2/22 (9.0%) were able to confirm the presence of Bartonella spp DNA. The presented complex algorithm made it possible to significantly increase the possibility of intravital identification of the pathogen in the blood from 58.9 to 76.6%. IE with unknown etiology was present in 29/124 (23.4%) patients. A parallel PCR study allowed timely correction of antibiotic therapy in 43/124 (34.7%) patients.
Conclusion. Expansion of indications for the use of PCR studies, primarily whole venous blood samples, is justified, not only in IE with negative results of microbiological examination, but also as a control method for the reliability of the results of traditional (cultural) diagnostic methods.