bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Women’s Bodies, Femininity, and Spacetimemattering: A Baradian Analysis of the Activewear Phenomenon
Authors: Brice Julie E.
Published: September 2021

Over the past decade, activewear has become a booming international business and cultural phenomenon. It has simultaneously been critiqued for its pervasive neoliberal, postfeminist, and healthism rhetoric and the ways it continues to (re)produce hegemonic femininity. In this paper, the author drew upon new materialist theory, specifically Karen Barad’s concept of spacetimemattering, to contribute to this body of literature, providing an alternative perspective on the production of femininity and feminist politics within activewear. Using a Baradian-inspired approach, this paper brought various material-discourses and events from multiple time periods into dialogue with the activewear phenomenon to (re)think the production of femininity. Specifically, the analysis explored how activewear entanglements across various spatiotemporalities challenge appearance-based femininity and increase the visibility (and acceptance) of the moving female body. Through this exploration, the author provided a way to (re)imagine feminist politics that are embedded in women’s everyday fitness practices.
Immunobiology of the Classical Lancefield Group A Streptococcal Carbohydrate Antigen
Authors: Gao Nina J. , Rodas Lima Ervin , Nizet Victor
Published: September 2021

Group AStreptococcus(GAS) is a preeminent human bacterial pathogen causing hundreds of millions of infections each year worldwide. In the clinical setting, the bacterium is easily identified by a rapid antigen test against the group A carbohydrate (GAC), a polysaccharide that comprises 30 to 50% of the GAS cell wall by weight.
Brachyspira
Species Avidity to Colonic Mucins from Pigs with and without Brachyspira hyodysenteriae Infection Is Species Specific and Varies between Strains
Authors: Quintana-Hayashi Macarena P. , Erhardsson Mattias , Mahu Maxime , Venkatakrishnan Vignesh , Haesebrouck Freddy , Pasmans Frank , Lindén Sara
Published: September 2021

Brachyspira hyodysenteriae
is commonly associated with swine dysentery (SD), a disease that has an economic impact on the swine industry.
B. hyodysenteriae
infection results in changes to the colonic mucus niche with massive mucus induction, which substantially increases the number of
B. hyodysenteriae
binding sites in the mucus. We previously determined that a
B. hyodysenteriae
strain binds to colon mucins in a manner that differs between pigs and mucin types.
The Mutant β
E202K
Sliding Clamp Protein Impairs DNA Polymerase III Replication Activity
Authors: Homiski Caleb , Scotland Michelle K. , Babu Vignesh M. P. , Chodavarapu Sundari , Maul Robert W. , Kaguni Jon M. , Sutton Mark D.
Published: September 2021

The β clamp plays critically important roles in managing the actions of multiple proteins at the replication fork. However, we lack a molecular understanding of both how the clamp interacts with these different partners and the mechanisms by which it manages their respective actions.
The nature and origin of cratons constrained by their surface geology
Authors: Şengör A.M. Celal , Lom Nalan , Polat Ali
Published: September 2021

Cratons, defined by their resistance to deformation, are guardians of crustal and lithospheric material over billion-year time scales. Archean and Proterozoic rocks can be found in many places on earth, but not all of them represent cratonic areas. Some of these old terrains, inappropriately termed “cratons” by some, have been parts of mobile belts and have experienced widespread deformations in response to mantle-plume-generated thermal weakening, uplift and consequent extension and/or various plate boundary deformations well into the Phanerozoic.

It is a common misconception that cratons consist only of metamorphosed crystalline rocks at their surface, as shown by the indiscriminate designation of them by many as “shields.” Our compilation shows that this conviction is not completely true. Some recent models argue that craton formation results from crustal thickening caused by shortening and subsequent removal of the upper crust by erosion. This process would expose a high-grade metamorphic crust at the surface, but greenschist-grade metamorphic rocks and even unmetamorphosed supracrustal sedimentary rocks are widespread on some cratonic surfaces today, showing that craton formation does not require total removal of the upper crust. Instead, the granulitization of the roots of arcs may have been responsible for weighing down the collided and thickened pieces and keeping their top surfaces usually near sea level.

In this study, we review the nature and origin of cratons on four well-studied examples. The Superior Province (the Canadian Shield), the Barberton Mountain (Kaapvaal province, South Africa), and the Yilgarn province (Western Australia) show the diversity of rocks with different origin and metamorphic degree at their surface. These fairly extensive examples are chosen because they are typical. It would have been impractical to review the entire extant cratonic surfaces on earth today. We chose the inappropriately named North China “Craton” to discuss the requirements to be classified as a craton.
Rivers in reverse: Upstream-migrating dechannelization and flooding cause avulsions on fluvial fans
Authors: Edmonds Douglas A. , Martin Harrison K. , Valenza Jeffery M. , Henson Riley , Weissmann Gary S. , Miltenberger Keely , Mans Wade , Moore Jason R. , Slingerland Rudy L. , Gibling Martin R. , Bryk Alexander B. , Hajek Elizabeth A.
Published: September 2021

The process of river avulsion builds floodplains and fills alluvial basins. We report on a new style of river avulsion identified in the Landsat satellite record. We found 69 examples of retrogradational avulsions on rivers of densely forested fluvial fans in the Andean and New Guinean alluvial basins. Retrogradational avulsions are initiated by a channel blockage, e.g., a logjam, that fills the channel with sediment and forces water overbank (dechannelization), which creates a chevron-shaped flooding pattern. Dechannelization waves travel upstream at a median rate of 387 m/yr and last on average for 13 yr; many rivers show multiple dechannelizing events on the same reach. Dechannelization ends and the avulsion is complete when the river finds a new flow path. We simulate upstream-migrating dechannelization with a one-dimensional morphodynamic model for open channel flow. Observations are consistent with model results and show that channel blockages can cause dechannelization on steep (10−2 to 10−3), low-discharge (~101 m3 s−1) rivers. This illustrates a new style of floodplain sedimentation that is unaccounted for in ecologic and stratigraphic models.
Supplemental Material: Rapid eruption of the Emeishan continental flood basalts: New paleomagnetic and geochronologic constraints
Authors: Xu Yingchao , Yang Zhenyu , al. et
Published: September 2021

Table S1: The characteristic remanent magnetization for the samples of Emeishan basalts from the Binchuan area; Table S2: SHRIMP zircon U-Pb analytical data for sample DY65-7 of this study.
Changes in the Ratio of Rheoreaction Types during Fish Starvation
Authors: Pavlov D. S. , Kostin V. V. , Parshina V. U. , Pavlov E. D.
Published: September 2021

Changes in the motivational component of rheoreaction (the ratio of rheoreaction types) during starvation in some fish species has been analyzed. The presence of fish motivation to migrate (before starvation) is the major pattern of the future changes in the motivational component of rheoreaction resulting from starvation. All fish of the families Cyprinidae and Salmonidae studied with initially behavior as resident individuals show the same type of response to starvation. Their preference for currentwise movement increases on the 2nd–5th days of starvation, then the preference for movement against the current increases on the 7th–12th days, and the ratio of rheoreaction types approaches the initial one. Juveniles of the Black Sea salmon (Salmo trutta labrax) with a motivation to downstream migration, represent a different response to starvation: the downstream movement of individuals monotonically increased from two days after starvation.
Lead encephalopathy in an adult opioid abuser
Authors: Suleman Fatima , Shoukat Karima , Arshad Ainan , Khan Nadeem Ullah , Sheikh Usman
Published: September 2021

A 38-year-old man presented at the emergency department with abdominal pain, vomiting, generalised weakness and altered consciousness. He had been ingesting opioids for over 5 years and had several past hospital admissions for abdominal pain. His investigations showed deranged liver function tests, anaemia and basophilic stippling on the peripheral blood smear. Further investigations revealed a significant increase in the serum lead level. We started chelation with peroral penicillamine 250 mg every 6 hours for 2 days and switched to intramuscular dimercaprol 4 mg/kg every 12 hours and intravenous calcium ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid 50 mg/kg in two divided doses daily for the next 5 days. We then discharged him home; he had become clinically stable by that time. We repeated his lead level and followed him up in the clinic. In this report, we emphasise the consideration of lead toxicity in opioid abusers and bring to attention a rare way of lead chelation in resource-limited settings.
Parkes-Weber syndrome in the emergency department
Authors: Patel Raj , Durant Edward James , Freed Robert
Published: September 2021

This case report describes a 20-year-old woman presenting to the emergency department (ED) with unilateral leg swelling. After multiple visits to the ED and workups with rheumatology, dermatology, interventional radiology and genetics, she was finally diagnosed with Parkes-Weber syndrome. The purpose of this case report is to illustrate the common and uncommon presentations, mimickers and work-up of Parkes-Weber syndrome as well as provide a brief overview of vascular malformations in general.
Propionibacterium acnescausing non-contiguous, multifocal spondylodiscitis in an immunosuppressed patient
Authors: Ozolina Elina , Auslands Kaspars , Buks Maris , Ansons Martins
Published: September 2021

This report describes a case of a spondylodiscitis in an immunocompromised patient with an HIV infection caused byPropionibacterium acnes. The patient was admitted to hospital with a sudden loss of motor function and sensation in both of the patient’s legs. A biopsy taken during the first debridement operation proved to be negative forMycobacterium tuberculosisDNA and growth, but was positive for the growth ofP. acnes. Following a course of antibiotic therapy and the aforementioned debridement, the patient was moved to a specialised clinic for physical therapy. The patient’s condition quickly deteriorated, and the patient once again required extensive debridement. Repeated spinal surgery, antibiotics for 12 weeks and subsequent rehabilitation resulted in almost complete recovery of sensorimotor limb function.
Atypical presentation of anti-HMGCR myopathy
Authors: Karna Rahul , Singh Richa , Marshall Cody , Johnston Alexandra
Published: September 2021

Immune-mediated necrotising myopathy is a subtype of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy characterised by muscle fibre necrosis without significant inflammatory infiltrate. Anti-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) myopathy is seen in 6%–10% of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy and is diagnosed in the context of elevated serum creatine kinase levels, proximal muscle weakness and anti-HMGCR autoantibodies. We recently encountered a 61-year-old man with anti-HMGCR myopathy with an atypical skin manifestation, partially responsive to triple therapy with steroids, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and rituximab. To our knowledge, there have been only four reported cases of skin rash associated with anti-HMGCR myopathy. Our case demonstrates the importance of recognising atypical manifestations of anti-HMGCR myopathy. Early addition of IVIG and rituximab is also critical in patients not responding to steroid monotherapy. Delay in achieving remission leads to prolonged steroid use, lower likelihood of beginning physical therapy and overall worse clinical outcomes.
First presentation of portal hypertension complicated by hepatopulmonary syndrome
Authors: Miah Nahima , Ryan Aidan , Oztumer Ceyhun Aksel , Saleh Mohamed
Published: September 2021

Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a serious complication of chronic liver disease, characterised by portal hypertension and arterial hypoxaemia due to intrapulmonary vascular dilatation. We report an unusual case in which a 27-year-old man had a first presentation of portal hypertension and cirrhosis complicated by HPS. This patient presented with progressive dyspnoea on exertion and deterioration in mobility, with a type 1 respiratory failure and increased oxygen demand. A bubble echocardiogram showed a possible right-to-left shunt, CT aortogram displayed evidence of portal hypertension and cirrhosis, and liver biopsy findings were consistent with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency. The patient’s increased oxygen demand was subsequently treated with continuous positive airway pressure before he was discharged with 8 L home oxygen. With no current established medical therapy for HPS, the patient was assessed for liver transplantation and a decision was made in favour of this.
Cardiac metastasis in a patient with oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Denoiseux Benjamin , Van Camp Philippe , Bila Michel , Politis Constantinus
Published: September 2021

A 55-year-old man initially presented with an undifferentiated, HPV-p16-negative squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the left tonsillar region (cT4a N0 M0), which was treated with a combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Several months later, the patient developed osteoradionecrosis on the left side of the mandible as well as a second primary lesion at the left base of the tongue. Surgical resection and mandibular reconstruction with a free vascularised fibula flap was performed. Regional clinical and radiologic follow-up showed no signs of tumour recurrence. However, routine positron emission tomography (PET)-CT showed a hypermetabolic mass intracardially. MRI confirmed the presence of a mass intramurally in the left ventricle, highly indicative of metastasis. Cardiac metastasis following oral cancer is rare and usually asymptomatic. Therefore, it can be missed easily and is mostly described as a finding postmortem. Reporting these cases is important for contributing to the insight into the uncommon development of metastasis.
Essential thrombocythemia with portal vein thrombosis and splenic infarction successfully treated with platelet apheresis
Authors: Mehta Ami Mehul , Seshadri Shubha , Verma Seemitr , Madhyastha Sharath P
Published: September 2021

A 63-year-old diabetic woman presented to the outpatient clinic with a 1-week history of abdominal pain. On complete evaluation, she was diagnosed to have essential thrombocythemia. Abdominal imaging revealed portal vein thrombosis with a large splenic infarct. The patient was started on anticoagulant, antiplatelet and cytoreductive therapy. In view of persistent high platelet count, plasma apheresis was done, following which the patient’s platelet counts were reduced. Essential thrombocythemia has a high rate of complications, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Few cases of this disease and its treatment have been described in the literature, especially pertaining to the Indian scenario. Further studies are needed to establish a multidisciplinary algorithm for its diagnosis and to elucidate the guidelines for the successful treatment of the condition.
SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.1.7 is associated with greater disease severity among hospitalised women but not men: multicentre cohort study
Authors: Stirrup Oliver , Boshier Florencia , Venturini Cristina , Guerra-Assunção José Afonso , Alcolea-Medina Adela , Beckett Angela , Charalampous Themoula , da Silva Filipe Ana , Glaysher Sharon , Khan Tabassum , Kulasegaran Shylini Raghavendran , Kele Beatrix , Monahan Irene , Mollett Guy , Parker Matthew , Pelosi Emanuela , Randell Paul , Roy Sunando , Taylor Joshua , Weller Sophie , Wilson-Davies Eleri , Wade Phillip , Williams Rachel ,   The COG-UK-HOCI Variant substudy consortium,   The COVID-19 Genomics UK (COG-UK) consortium, Copas Andrew , Cutino-Moguel Maria-Teresa , Freemantle Nick , Hayward Andrew C , Holmes Alison , Hughes Joseph , Mahungu Tabitha , Nebbia Gaia , Partridge David , Pope Cassie , Price James , Robson Samuel , Saeed Kordo , de Silva Thushan , Snell Luke , Thomson Emma , Witney Adam A , Breuer Judith
Published: September 2021

Background

SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.1.7 has been associated with an increased rate of transmission and disease severity among subjects testing positive in the community. Its impact on hospitalised patients is less well documented.

Methods

We collected viral sequences and clinical data of patients admitted with SARS-CoV-2 and hospital-onset COVID-19 infections (HOCIs), sampled 16 November 2020 to 10 January 2021, from eight hospitals participating in the COG-UK-HOCI study. Associations between the variant and the outcomes of all-cause mortality and intensive therapy unit (ITU) admission were evaluated using mixed effects Cox models adjusted by age, sex, comorbidities, care home residence, pregnancy and ethnicity.

Findings

Sequences were obtained from 2341 inpatients (HOCI cases=786) and analysis of clinical outcomes was carried out in 2147 inpatients with all data available. The HR for mortality of B.1.1.7 compared with other lineages was 1.01 (95% CI 0.79 to 1.28, p=0.94) and for ITU admission was 1.01 (95% CI 0.75 to 1.37, p=0.96). Analysis of sex-specific effects of B.1.1.7 identified increased risk of mortality (HR 1.30, 95% CI 0.95 to 1.78, p=0.096) and ITU admission (HR 1.82, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.90, p=0.011) in females infected with the variant but not males (mortality HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.61 to 1.10, p=0.177; ITU HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.52 to 1.04, p=0.086).

Interpretation

In common with smaller studies of patients hospitalised with SARS-CoV-2, we did not find an overall increase in mortality or ITU admission associated with B.1.1.7 compared with other lineages. However, women with B.1.1.7 may be at an increased risk of admission to intensive care and at modestly increased risk of mortality.
Lung transplant after 6 months on ECMO support for SARS-CoV-2-induced ARDS complicated by severe antibody-mediated rejection
Authors: Lindstedt Sandra , Grins Edgar , Larsson Hillevi , Nilsson Johan , Akbarshahi Hamid , Silva Iran , Hyllen Snejana , Wagner Darcy , Sjögren Johan , Hansson Lennart , Ederoth Per , Gustafsson Ronny
Published: September 2021

There have been a few reports of successful lung transplantation (LTx) in patients with SARS-CoV-2-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); however, all reports were with rather short follow-up. Here we present a 62-year-old man without prior lung diseases. Following SARS-CoV-2-induced ARDS and 6 months of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, he underwent LTx. 3 months post-transplantation he developed acute hypoxia requiring emergency intubation. Chest imaging showed acute rejection, and de novo DQ8-DSA was discovered. He was treated with a high dose of corticosteroids and plasmapheresis and was extubated 4 days later, yet the de novo DQ8-DSA remained. After sessions of plasmapheresis and rituximab, the levels of de novo DQ8-DSA remained unchanged. Nine months post-transplantation the patient died of respiratory failure. We herein discuss the decision to transplant, the transplantation itself and the postoperative course with severe antibody-mediated rejection. In addition, we evaluated the histological changes of the explanted lungs and compared these with end-stage idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis tissue, where both similarities and differences are seen. With the current case experience, one might consider close monitoring regarding DSA, and gives further support that LTx should only be considered for very carefully selected patients.
Prospective, double-blind diagnostic multicentre study of confocal laser endomicroscopy for wheat sensitivity in patients with irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Bojarski Christian , Tangermann Paul , Barmeyer Christian , Buchkremer Juliane , Kiesslich Ralf , Ellrichmann Mark , Schreiber Stefan , Schmidt Carsten , Stallmach Andreas , Roehle Robert , Loddenkemper Christoph , Daum Severin , Siegmund Britta , Schumann Michael , Ullrich Reiner
Published: September 2021

Objective

A considerable proportion of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) may be wheat-sensitive and respond to a gluten-free diet (GFD) although they do not have coeliac disease. However, a diagnostic test for wheat sensitivity (WS) is missing. Our study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity and specificity) of confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) for the identification of WS as primary outcome.

Design

In this prospective, double-blind diagnostic study 147 non-coeliac patients fulfilling the Rome III criteria for IBS were tested by CLE for duodenal changes after wheat (index test), soy, yeast or milk exposure. Patients with IBS responding to 2 months of GFD were classified as having WS (reference test) using response criteria recommended by regulatory bodies for pharmaceutical trials of patients with IBS. After 2 months, CLE results were unblinded and patients were advised to exclude those food components that had led to a positive CLE reaction. The clinical response was assessed at follow-up after 6 and 12 months.

Results

Of 130 patients who completed the study per protocol, 74 (56.9%) responded to GFD and were classified as WS after 2 months, and 38 of these 74 patients were correctly identified by CLE (sensitivity 51.4%; 97.5% CI: 38.7% to 63.9%). A total of 38 of 56 patients without WS were correctly identified by CLE (specificity 67.9%; 97.5% CI: 52.9% to 79.9%). At 6 months follow-up, CLE correctly identified 49 of 59 food-sensitive patients (sensitivity 83.1%; 97.5% CI: 69.9% to 91.3%) but specificity was only 32% (97.5% CI: 15.7% to 54.3%).

Conclusion

In light of the high proportion of patients with IBS responding to GFD, the diagnostic accuracy of CLE is too low to recommend widespread use of this invasive procedure.

Trail registration number

This study was registered as clinical trial in the German Registry for Clinical Studies (DRKS00010123).
Effect of a multidisciplinary Severe Immunotherapy Complications Service on outcomes for patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy for cancer
Authors: Zubiri Leyre , Molina Gabriel E , Mooradian Meghan J , Cohen Justine , Durbin Sienna M , Petrillo Laura , Boland Genevieve M , Juric Dejan , Dougan Michael , Thomas Molly F , Faje Alex T , Rengarajan Michelle , Guidon Amanda C , Chen Steven T , Okin Daniel , Medoff Benjamin D , Nasrallah Mazen , Kohler Minna J , Schoenfeld Sara R , Leaf Rebecca K , Sise Meghan E , Neilan Tomas G , Zlotoff Daniel A , Farmer Jocelyn R , Bardia Aditya , Sullivan Ryan J , Blum Steven M , Semenov Yevgeniy R , Villani Alexandra-Chloé , Reynolds Kerry L
Published: September 2021

Background

In 2017, Massachusetts General Hospital implemented the Severe Immunotherapy Complications (SIC) Service, a multidisciplinary care team for patients hospitalized with immune-related adverse events (irAEs), a unique spectrum of toxicities associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). This study’s objectives were to evaluate the intervention’s (1) effect on patient outcomes and healthcare utilization, and (2) ability to collect biological samples via a central infrastructure, in order to study the mechanisms responsible for irAEs.

Methods

A hospital database was used to identify patients who received ICIs for a malignancy and were hospitalized with severe irAEs, before (April 2, 2016–October 3, 2017) and after (October 3, 2017–October 24, 2018) SIC Service initiation. The primary outcome was readmission rate after index hospitalization. Secondary outcomes included length of stay (LOS) for admissions, corticosteroid and non-steroidal second-line immunosuppression use, ICI discontinuation, and inpatient mortality.

Results

In the pre-SIC period, 127 of 1169 patients treated with ICIs were hospitalized for irAEs; in the post-SIC period, 122 of 1159. After SIC service initiation, reductions were observed in irAE readmission rate (14.8% post-SIC vs 25.9% pre-SIC; OR 0.46; 95% CI 0.22 to 0.95; p=0.036) and readmission LOS (median 6 days post-SIC vs 7 days pre-SIC; 95% CI −16.03 to –0.14; p=0.046). No significant pre-initiation and post-initiation differences were detected in corticosteroid use, second-line immunosuppression, ICI discontinuation, or inpatient mortality rates. The SIC Service collected 789 blood and tissue samples from 234 patients with suspected irAEs.

Conclusions

This is the first study to report that establishing a highly subspecialized care team focused on irAEs is associated with improved patient outcomes and reduced healthcare utilization. Furthermore, the SIC Service successfully integrated blood and tissue collection safety into routine care.
A step forward, but still inadequate: Australian health professionals’ views on the genetics and life insurance moratorium
Authors: Tiller Jane M , Keogh Louise A , McInerney-Leo Aideen M , Belcher Andrea , Barlow-Stewart Kristine , Boughtwood Tiffany , Gleeson Penny , Dowling Grace , Prince Anya , Bombard Yvonne , Joly Yann , Delatycki Martin , Winship Ingrid M , Otlowski Margaret , Lacaze Paul
Published: September 2021

Background

In 2019, the Australian life insurance industry introduced a partial moratorium (ban) limiting the use of genetic test results in life insurance underwriting. The moratorium is industry self-regulated and applies only to policies below certain financial limits (eg, $500 000 of death cover).

Methods

We surveyed Australian health professionals (HPs) who discuss genetic testing with patients, to assess knowledge of the moratorium; reported patient experiences since its commencement; and HP views regarding regulation of genetic discrimination (GD) in Australia.

Results

Between April and June 2020, 166 eligible HPs responded to the online survey. Of these, 86% were aware of the moratorium, but <50% had attended related training/information sessions. Only 16% answered all knowledge questions correctly, yet 69% believed they had sufficient knowledge to advise patients. Genetics HPs’ awareness and knowledge were better than non-genetics HPs’ (p<0.05). There was some reported decrease in patients delaying/declining testing after the moratorium’s introduction, however, 42% of HPs disagreed that patients were more willing to have testing post-moratorium. Although many (76%) felt the moratorium resolved some GD concerns, most (88%) still have concerns, primarily around self-regulation, financial limits and the moratorium’s temporary nature. Almost half (49%) of HPs reported being dissatisfied with the moratorium as a solution to GD. The majority (95%) felt government oversight is required, and 93% felt specific Australian legislation regarding GD is required.

Conclusion

While the current Australian moratorium is considered a step forward, most HPs believe it falls short of an adequate long-term regulatory solution to GD in life insurance.
Efficacy of combined use of a stent retriever and aspiration catheter in mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Okuda Tomohiro , Arimura Koichi , Matsuo Ryu , Tokunaga So , Hara Kenta , Yamaguchi Shinya , Yoshida Hidenori , Kurogi Ryota , Kameda Katsuharu , Ito Osamu , Tsumoto Tomoyuki , Iihara Koji , Mizokami Taichiro , Uwatoko Takeshi , Nishimura Ataru , Iwaki Katsuma , Mizoguchi Masahiro
Published: September 2021

Background

The efficacy of combined stent retriever (SR) and aspiration catheter (AC; combined technique: CBT) use for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is unclear. We investigated the safety and efficacy of single-unit CBT (SCBT)—retrieving the thrombus as a single unit with SR and AC into the guide catheter—compared with single use of either SR or contact aspiration (CA).

Methods

We analysed 763 consecutive patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy for AIS between January 2013 and January 2020, at six comprehensive stroke centers. Patients were divided into SCBT and single device (SR/CA) groups. The successful recanalization with first pass (SRFP) and other procedural outcomes were compared between groups.

Results

Overall, 240 SCBT and 301 SR/CA (SR 128, CA 173) patients were analyzed. SRFP (modified Thrombolysis In Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) ≥2c, 43.3% vs 27.9%, p<0.001; mTICI 3, 35.8% vs 25.5%, p=0.009) and final mTICI ≥2b recanalization (89.1% vs 82.0%, p=0.020) rates were significantly higher, puncture-to-reperfusion time was shorter (median (IQR) 43 (31.5–69) vs 55 (38–82.2) min, p<0.001), and the number of passes were fewer (mean±SD 1.72±0.92 vs 1.99±1.01, p<0.001) in the SCBT group. Procedural complications were similar between the groups. In subgroup analysis, SCBT was more effective in women, cardioembolic stroke patients, and internal carotid artery and M2 occlusions.

Conclusions

SCBT increases the SRFP rate and shortens the puncture-to-reperfusion time without increasing procedural complications.
Non-ischemic cerebral enhancing lesions after intracranial aneurysm endovascular repair: a retrospective French national registry
Authors: Shotar Eimad , Labeyrie Marc-Antoine , Biondi Alessandra , Velasco Stéphane , Saliou Guillaume , Boulouis Grégoire , Daumas-Duport Benjamin , Bourcier Romain , Janot Kevin , Herbreteau Denis , Michelozzi Caterina , Premat Kevin , Redjem Hocine , Bricout Nicolas , Thouant Pierre , Arteaga Charles , Pierot Laurent , Tahon Florence , Boubagra Kamel , Ikka Leon , Chabert Emmanuel , Lenck Stéphanie , Guédon Alexis , Consoli Arturo , Saleme Suzana , di Maria Federico , Ferré Jean-Christophe , Eugene Francois , Anxionnat René , Marnat Gaultier , Guetarni Zakaria , Sourour Nader-Antoine , Dormont Didier , Clarençon Frédéric
Published: September 2021

Background

Non-ischemic cerebral enhancing (NICE) lesions are exceptionally rare following aneurysm endovascular therapy (EVT).

Objective

To investigate the presenting features and longitudinal follow-up of patients with NICE lesions following aneurysm EVT.

Methods

Patients included in a retrospective national multicentre inception cohort were analysed. NICE lesions were defined, using MRI, as delayed onset punctate, nodular or annular foci enhancements with peri-lesion edema, distributed in the vascular territory of the aneurysm EVT, with no other confounding disease.

Results

From a pool of 58 815 aneurysm endovascular treatment procedures during the study sampling period (2006–2019), 21/37 centres identified 31 patients with 32 aneurysms of the anterior circulation who developed NICE lesions (mean age 45±10 years). Mean delay to diagnosis was 5±9 months, with onset occurring a month or less after the index EVT procedure in 10 out of 31 patients (32%). NICE lesions were symptomatic at time of onset in 23 of 31 patients (74%). After a mean follow-up of 25±26 months, 25 patients (81%) were asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic without disability (modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score 0–1) at last follow-up while 4 (13%) presented with mild disability (mRS score 2). Clinical follow-up data were unavailable for two patients. Follow-up MRI (available in 27 patients; mean time interval after onset of 22±22 months) demonstrated persistent enhancement in 71% of cases.

Conclusions

The clinical spectrum of NICE lesions following aneurysm EVT therapy spans a wide range of neurological symptoms. Clinical course is most commonly benign, although persistent long-term enhancement is frequent.
Perceived sources of occupational burn-out and embitterment among front-line health workers for COVID-19 control in Gyeonggi province, South Korea: a qualitative study
Authors: Kang Bee-Ah , Kwon Sijoung , You Myoungsoon , Lee Heeyoung
Published: September 2021

Objectives

Front-line health workers (FHWs) for COVID-19 control in South Korea have implemented a labour-intensive contact tracing programme, which places them at high risk for mental health problems. However, a few studies have examined mental health conditions in this population. We employed a qualitative approach to understand the factors perceived as causes of burn-out and embitterment among temporary FHWs to provide recommendations for supporting the workforce.

Methods

We recruited 20 FHWs to participate in semistructured focus group interviews through purposive sampling. The sample size was determined on the basis of data saturation. We collected data from October to November 2020, audiorecording and transcribing the interviews. Data analysis was conducted manually, applying the principles of grounded theory.

Results

Five levels of perceived sources of occupational burn-out and embitterment emerged. FHWs showed considerable mistrust of patients and faced ethical dilemmas in accessing and disclosing personal information. Poor collaboration with community health centre workers and interested parties as well as inadequate organisational support aggravated their conditions. Lack of social recognition and employment instability also presented challenges for FHWs’ mental health.

Conclusions

The current pandemic response system imposes great moral and emotional burdens on the workforce, prompting the need for initiatives to safeguard the values and needs of those who represent the backbone of the system. This study suggests that multilevel strategies, including providing organisational support and establishing contingency plans for workforce management and resource distribution, may improve FHWs’ mental health outcomes as well as the health system for emergency preparedness.
Recent developments in metal-doped SBA-15 catalysts for heterogeneous catalysis and sustainable chemistry
Authors: Mahato Birendra Nath , Krithiga T.
Published: September 2021

The development of new advanced sustainable materials for heterogeneous catalysis requires control of the structural parameters of the active sites. Mesoporous silica, especially SBA-15, has some unique and important features such as highly ordered mesopores, greater hydrothermal stability, greater wall thickness, large surface area, and adjustable pore volume. All these properties render it a promising material for catalysis, adsorption, supporting materials, biomedical applications, and environmental remediation. However, pure SBA-15 lacks acidic characteristics, which hinders its catalytic activity. Therefore, the functionalized SBA-15 improves the catalytic activity for versatile applications. Thus, in this study, we attempted to summarize the synthesis procedures, various functionalization processes, and application of metal-modified SBA-15 in organic synthesis, fine chemical synthesis, photocatalysis, and decontamination of water. Furthermore, the physicochemical properties, sustainability, and efficacy are discussed in detail for future reference and scope of studies.
Spatiotemporal evolution of large igneous provinces and their related rifts in the North China craton: role in craton breakup and destruction
Authors: Peng Peng , Xu Huiru , Wang Chong , Su Xiangdong , Sun Fengbo , Wang Xinping
Published: September 2021

The North China craton is encircled by four successive triple-conjugated rifts, which are respectively the centres of large igneous provinces (LIPs) of bimodal compositions, i.e. Xiong'er rift (south,
c.
1.78 Ga Taihang LIP), Yanliao rift (north,
c.
1.32 Ga Yanliao LIP), Xuhuai rift (east,
c.
1.23 Ga Licheng and
c.
0.92 Ga Dashigou LIPs) and Langshan rift (west,
c.
0.82 Ga Qianlishan LIP). These rifts are genetically related to their contemporaneous LIPs based on their consistent geometry. Spatial migration of these rifts and LIPs indicates their propagation from along one marginal side to the opposite side of the craton, which may have resulted in the sequential breakup of the proto-North China craton from one side to the other during 1.8–0.8 Ga. However, the observation that the lithosphere under the LIP-associated rift regions is less destroyed (decratonized) in the Mesozoic indicates a possible role of LIPs in strengthening intracratonic steady state. This study shows that LIPs may change craton stability in either direction.
SGATS: Semantic Graph-based Automatic Text Summarization from Hindi Text Documents
Authors: Joshi Manju Lata , Joshi Nisheeth , Mittal Namita
Published: September 2021

Creating a coherent summary of the text is a challenging task in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP). Various Automatic Text Summarization techniques have been developed for abstractive as well as extractive summarization. This study focuses on extractive summarization which is a process containing selected delineative paragraphs or sentences from the original text and combining these into smaller forms than the document(s) to generate a summary. The methods that have been used for extractive summarization are based on a graph-theoretic approach, machine learning,
Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA),
neural networks, cluster, and fuzzy logic. In this paper, a semantic graph-based approach
SGATS (Semantic Graph-based approach for Automatic Text Summarization)
is proposed to generate an extractive summary. The proposed approach constructs a semantic graph of the original Hindi text document by establishing a semantic relationship between sentences of the document using Hindi Wordnet ontology as a background knowledge source. Once the semantic graph is constructed, fourteen different graph theoretical measures are applied to rank the document sentences depending on their semantic scores. The proposed approach is applied to two data sets of different domains of Tourism and Health. The performance of the proposed approach is compared with the state-of-the-art TextRank algorithm and human-annotated summary. The performance of the proposed system is evaluated using widely accepted ROUGE measures. The outcomes exhibit that our proposed system produces better results than TextRank for health domain corpus and comparable results for tourism corpus. Further, correlation coefficient methods are applied to find a correlation between eight different graphical measures and it is observed that most of the graphical measures are highly correlated.
Massively Parallel Computation via Remote Memory Access
Authors: Behnezhad Soheil , Dhulipala Laxman , Esfandiari Hossein , Łącki Jakub , Mirrokni Vahab , Schudy Warren
Published: September 2021

We introduce the
Adaptive Massively Parallel Computation
(AMPC) model, which is an extension of the
Massively Parallel Computation
(MPC) model. At a high level, the AMPC model strengthens the MPC model by storing all messages sent within a round in a distributed data store. In the following round, all machines are provided with random read access to the data store, subject to the same constraints on the total amount of communication as in the MPC model. Our model is inspired by the previous empirical studies of distributed graph algorithms [8, 30] using MapReduce and a distributed hash table service [17].

This extension allows us to give new graph algorithms with much lower round complexities compared to the best-known solutions in the MPC model. In particular, in the AMPC model we show how to solve maximal independent set in
O
(1) rounds and connectivity/minimum spanning tree in
O
(log log

m
/
n

n
rounds both using
O
(
n
δ
) space per machine for constant δ < 1. In the same memory regime for MPC, the best-known algorithms for these problems require poly log
n
rounds. Our results imply that the 2-C
YCLE
conjecture, which is widely believed to hold in the MPC model, does not hold in the AMPC model.
Constant-Length Labeling Schemes for Deterministic Radio Broadcast
Authors: Ellen Faith , Gorain Barun , Miller Avery , Pelc Andrzej
Published: September 2021

Broadcast is one of the fundamental network communication primitives. One node of a network, called the
s
ource, has a message that has to be learned by all other nodes. We consider broadcast in radio networks, modeled as simple undirected connected graphs with a distinguished source. Nodes communicate in synchronous rounds. In each round, a node can either transmit a message to all its neighbours, or stay silent and listen. At the receiving end, a node
v
hears a message from a neighbour
w
in a given round if
v
listens in this round and if
w
is its only neighbour that transmits in this round. If more than one neighbour of a node
v
transmits in a given round, we say that a
c
ollision occurs at
v
. We do not assume collision detection: in case of a collision, node
v
does not hear anything (except the background noise that it also hears when no neighbour transmits).

We are interested in the feasibility of deterministic broadcast in radio networks. If nodes of the network do not have any labels, deterministic broadcast is impossible even in the four-cycle. On the other hand, if all nodes have distinct labels, then broadcast can be carried out, e.g., in a round-robin fashion, and hence
O
(log
n
)-bit labels are sufficient for this task in
n
-node networks. In fact,
O
(log Δ)-bit labels, where Δ is the maximum degree, are enough to broadcast successfully. Hence, it is natural to ask if very short labels are sufficient for broadcast. Our main result is a positive answer to this question. We show that every radio network can be labeled using 2 bits in such a way that broadcast can be accomplished by some universal deterministic algorithm that does not know the network topology nor any bound on its size. Moreover, at the expense of an extra bit in the labels, we can get the following additional strong property of our algorithm: there exists a common round in which all nodes know that broadcast has been completed. Finally, we show that 3-bit labels are also sufficient to solve both versions of broadcast in the case where it is not known
a priori
which node is the source.
Efficient Parallel 3D Computation of the Compressible Euler Equations with an Invariant-domain Preserving Second-order Finite-element Scheme
Authors: Maier Matthias , Kronbichler Martin
Published: September 2021

We discuss the efficient implementation of a high-performance second-order collocation-type finite-element scheme for solving the compressible Euler equations of gas dynamics on unstructured meshes. The solver is based on the
convex-limiting
technique introduced by Guermond et al. (SIAM J. Sci. Comput. 40, A3211–A3239, 2018). As such, it is
invariant-domain preserving
; i.e., the solver maintains important physical invariants and is guaranteed to be stable without the use of ad hoc tuning parameters. This stability comes at the expense of a significantly more involved algorithmic structure that renders conventional high-performance discretizations challenging. We develop an algorithmic design that allows SIMD vectorization of the compute kernel, identify the main ingredients for a good node-level performance, and report excellent weak and strong scaling of a hybrid thread/MPI parallelization.
Study of Fine-grained Nested Parallelism in CDCL SAT Solvers
Authors: Edwards James , Vishkin Uzi
Published: September 2021

Boolean satisfiability (SAT) is an important performance-hungry problem with applications in many problem domains. However, most work on parallelizing SAT solvers has focused on coarse-grained, mostly embarrassing, parallelism. Here, we study fine-grained parallelism that can speed up existing sequential SAT solvers, which all happen to be of the so-called Conflict-Directed Clause Learning variety. We show the potential for speedups of up to 382× across a variety of problem instances. We hope that these results will stimulate future research, particularly with respect to a computer architecture open problem we present.
Adipocyte-specific mTORC2 deficiency impairs BAT and iWAT thermogenic capacity without affecting glucose uptake and energy expenditure in cold-acclimated mice
Authors: Castro Érique , Vieira Thayna S. , Oliveira Tiago E. , Ortiz-Silva Milene , Andrade Maynara L. , Tomazelli Caroline A. , Peixoto Albert S. , Sobrinho Cleyton R. , Moreno Mayara F. , Gilio Gustavo R. , Moreira Rafael J. , Guimarães Raphael C. , Perandini Luiz A. , Chimin Patricia , Reckziegel Patricia , Moretti Eduardo H. , Steiner Alexandre A. , Laplante Mathieu , Festuccia William T.
Published: September 2021

BAT and iWAT mTORC2 is inhibited by cold acclimation, but its residual activity is required for cold-induced increases in total UCP-1 content and thermogenic capacity, but not glucose uptake and mTORC1 activity. The impaired BAT and iWAT total UCP-1 content and thermogenic capacity induced by adipocyte mTORC2 deficiency are compensated by activation of muscle shivering in cold-acclimated mice.
[Retracted] Safety Risk Assessment of Tourism Management System Based on PSO‐BP Neural Network
Authors: Guo Wenru
Published: September 2021

With the development of science and technology, system management is gradually applied to tourism management. How to correctly assess the security risks of the tourism management system has become an important means to maintain passenger information. The security risk index of the travel management system is input into the PSO‐BP network as a sample, and the corresponding risk value of the index is used as the network output. The results show that the error results, accuracy (96.53%), training time (216 s), number of iterations (275 times), and convergence speed are all better than traditional BP network. The relative error of PSO‐BP network (0.32%) is better than that of BP network, with 300 iterations, and the error is close to 10–5. The average evaluation accuracy of S based on PSO‐BP network is 99.72%, and the average time consumed is 2.512 s. It is superior to the evaluation model based on fuzzy set and entropy weight theory and the evaluation model based on gray correlation analysis and radial basis function neural network. In conclusion, the security risk assessment of the tourism management system based on PSO‐BP network can effectively assess the security risk of the tourism management system.
Research on 5G‐Oriented Wireless Sensor Array of Millimeter Hybrid Beam Sensing Terminal
Authors: Yan Shengli
Published: September 2021

With the rapid development of information technology, facing the problems and new challenges brought by mobile Internet and Internet of things technology, as one of the key technologies of 5G, millimeter‐wave mobile communication (28/38/60/70 GHz) which can realize gigabit (GB/s, or even higher) data transmission rate has also attracted extensive attention of wireless researchers all over the world, it has quickly become a research hotspot in the field of wireless communication. In the millimeter‐wave massive MIMO downlink wireless sensor system, a block diagonal beamforming algorithm based on the approximate inverse of Neumann series is improved to obtain complete digital beamforming. Then, when designing hybrid beamforming, channel estimation and high‐dimensional singular value decomposition are required for traditional analog and digital hybrid beamforming. A low complexity hybrid beamforming scheme is designed. An improved gradient projection algorithm is proposed in the design of analog beamforming, which can solve the problem of high computational complexity and less damage to guarantee and rate. Simulation results show that the hybrid beam terminal of the sensor reduces the number of RF links required for full digital beamforming and is as close to the spectral efficiency performance of full digital beamforming as possible. The results show that the performance of the designed hybrid beamforming scheme can still be close to that of the pure digital beamforming scheme without involving channel estimation and SVD decomposition.