bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mubarak Ali's Contributions in Historiography Trends in Pakistan
Authors: Zohaib Muhammad
Published: September 2022

History writing has always been a tough challenge in Pakistan. It is difficult to understand the real picture of history because the history of past events, stories and issues is not stored in its actual form. Historians are trying to provide new interpretations for the already used source materials and also use previously unused sources. In present scenario, history subject is not based on old stories, political events, and famous personalities of the countries. Role of the scholars, the thinkers, and professional experts was very significant in past but unfortunately, we don’t have people like them in present who can give the new ideas to overcome these crises. At present some role was played by Dr. Mubarak Ali. He introduced the new approach of history writing. This paper is designed to ornate the contribution of Dr. Mubarak Ali in historiography in Pakistan exploring the new trends of history and to give a critical analysis of his works. The nature of the research is descriptive.
Raising the Next Generation of Young Women in STEM – a Missed Opportunity
Authors: Dzisi Smile , Asare Cletus
Published: September 2022

There is an explosion of attempts by government agencies responsible for education, development partners and civil society in a bid to increase the enrollment of girls and young women into Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) related courses at all levels of education, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. In the face of all these efforts, however, school dropouts are on the ascendancy, mostly as a result of unintended pregnancies suffered by adolescent girls and young women. In most cases, the onset of unintended pregnancies constitutes a permanent blockage of the educational ambitions of the girls involved. How can this community of practice, in their attempt to raise the next generation of young women in STEM, ensure that unfortunate girls and young women who fall victim to unintended pregnancies do not get left out of the opportunities available for participation in STEM education? This paper examines the effects of unintended pregnancies on the uptake of STEM education by girls and young women. // Methods: we conducted a systematic review of program reports and publications from government ministries, Civil Society Organizations and United Nation Agencies. The reports reviewed covered a five year period from 2016 to 2020 and focused mainly on programs aimed at increasing the enrollment of girls and young women into STEM education at various levels of education. // Results: almost all programs aimed at increasing girls’ enrollment in STEM were standalone, without considering the other factors, including Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights (SRHR), that determine the enrollment and retention of girls in school. In Ghana alone, more than 100,000 girls dropped out of school as a result of unintended pregnancy in 2020 alone. // Conclusion: there is a missed opportunity to “leave no one behind” in the attempt of today’s community of practice to raise the next generation of girls and young women to drive innovations in Science, Technology, engineering and Mathematics (STEM) as many of them are lost to unintended pregnancies and are left out of efforts aimed at encouraging them to take up STEM education. We recommend that programs targeted in this regard should be integrated with activities that address other factors, such as SRHR, which affect the general enrollment and retention of girls and young women in school.
Learning Analytics in Open Universities in the Commonwealth: An Unrealised Dream?
Authors: Prinsloo Paul , Khalil Mohammad , Slade Sharon , Malan Melanie
Published: September 2022

Since the emergence of learning analytics, much of the research has emerged from traditional campus-based institutions in the Global North (Prinsloo, 2018, 2020). While learning analytics is not a panacea for all of the challenges faced within distance education with regard to, for example, student retention and throughput, there is evidence that it may impact positively on course design, pedagogical strategy, student support and a deepening of the student learning experience (Blumenstein, 2020; Ifenthaler & Yau, 2020). // This paper reports on the findings of a bibliometric analysis of the state of learning analytics research in 27 Open Universities in the Commonwealth. It confirms that the majority of research is from Open Universities in the Global North. The seeming absence of published research from the Global South raises a number of questions. The paper concludes with observations and pointers for future work.
Moving An Institute Online - Challenges and Experiences
Authors: Ravichandran Lavanya , Vadlamani Aditya , Kt Revathy , Tadinada Prabhakar
Published: September 2022

This paper covers issues in moving an Institute of 10,000 students and faculty online and managing the services. Here are some of the processes and innovations we set up to achieve this: Laptops and internet connections were arranged for needy students through Alumni donations. A Help Desk operated from 800am to 1200 midnight. The highest call load was observed at the beginning of the semester and during exams. Typical problems were ‘password not working’ and ‘not able to take the exam due to connection problems’. Faculty were trained on pedagogical issues in online teaching, and best practices on How to engage students in live lectures, especially for large classes that needed attention. LMS enhancements and integration with video conferencing platforms enabled automatic attendance marking for live lectures. Assessments posed issues. Student bandwidth would be erratic, creating problems while submitting the answer scripts. Platform logs were analyzed to check if the complaint was genuine (due to bandwidth) or spurious. Cheating during exams: Apart from proctored platforms like ProctorU and Codetantra, innovations like using Zoom simultaneously with the LMS were tried. Low value and continuous evaluation seem to reduce cheating. Differently abled persons needed special attention.
Assessment of Two Varieties of Okra Grown on Spent Mushroom Substrate Amended Soil and their Associated Fungi
Authors:   Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology,  Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Sallet I , Chuku E.C ,   Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology,  Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Ajuru M.G ,   Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology,  Rivers State University, Port Harcourt
Published: September 2022

Assessment of two varieties of okra grown on spent mushroom substrate amended soil and their associated fungi were carried out at the River State University Teaching and Research Farm. Spent mushroom Substrate collected from the Diplomat Farm was treated and three different concentrations (6.0, 12.0 and 18kg) were prepared and used as amendments on 12.5 kg soil, with the untreated soil as control. A total of four treatments were established Viz A1B1, A2B1, A3B1 and B as control for the field and green house experiments respectively. The local (C1) and improved (C2) varieties of okra were grown in a randomised complete block design in triplicates for the various treatments in the field. Fruiting of the treatment plants began at week 8 after planting in the field experiment for A1B1C1 and A2B1C1 (local variety) and A1B1C2, A2B1C2, A3B1C2 and BC2 (improved variety) treatments. Highest number of fruits (8.33±0.58) was recorded for the improved variety grown on A3B1C2 treatment. Meanwhile, the local variety on A2B1C1 treatment had highest fresh weight (9.35±0.07g) and dry weight (3.35±0.07g) of total weight of harvest. Fungi investigation on harvested fruits revealed the occurrence of three fungal organisms (Aspergillus sp., Mucorsp. and Penicilliumsp.). The local variety recorded more fungal organisms including Aspergillus and Mucor at incidence of 40% and 60% respectively. However, only Penicillium was recorded for the improved variety at an incidence of 100%. Generally, both varieties of okra completed their life cycle, although the amended soils supported better performance compared to those grown in the control soil. The improved variety had higher yield and less fungi contaminants than the local variety. Therefore, the cultivation of the improved variety should be encouraged
External Debt Burden and Infrastructural Development Nexus in Nigeria: An ARDL Approach (1981-2020)
Authors: Onwuka Chinonye Emmanuel
Published: September 2022

This study focused on external debt burden and infrastructural development nexus in Nigeria using data spanning between the periods 1981 to 2020 by employing the use of Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL) and granger causality test as the major statistical techniques of analysis. From the findings, the coefficient of error correction term shows that about 70 percent of the discrepancy between the actual and the long run or equilibrium value of infrastructural development is corrected or eliminated each year. The coefficient of determination (R2) is 0.680 which shows that about 68 percent variations in the infrastructural development were explained by the independent variables. The Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) unit root test shows that all variables were stationary at first difference. The results for the Bounds test reveal that there is a long run relationship among the variables. This is because the F-statistics value (5.194) is greater than upper Bounds critical values at 5% level of significant. The ARDL results show that external debt, domestic debt and inflation rate have a negative impact on infrastructural development in the long run while exchange rate and interest rate has a positive effect on infrastructural development in the long run. Also, domestic debt and exchange rate were found to have a significant impact on infrastructural development while external debt, inflation rate and interest rate were found to be insignificant in the long run. Furthermore, the granger causality test results indicate while there is no causality between external debt and infrastructural development, there seems to be a unidirectional causality between domestic debt and infrastructural growth in Nigeria. The study concludes that federal government of the country should cut down excessive borrowings and that the existing ones are invested in projects that would eventually generate enough returns to defray such debts accordingly. Also, an adoption of policy framework that will ensure macroeconomic stability such as price stability, job creation, increased output, political stability, etc. becomes fundamental in getting rid of heavy reliance on external debt in the country
CONSTRUCTION OF MOTHERS IDENTITY IN ONLINE COMMUNITY: STUDY OF MEMBERS OF HALO IBU COMMUNITY
Authors: Arindita Ruvira , Nasucha Muchammad , Hartanti Lisa Esti Puji , Arifah Nursalsa , Lubna Shafiyya
Published: September 2022

Transition to motherhood presents many challenges for women. Negotiating changes and self-identity has become one of the most intriguing ones. During this period, women’s need for information and support increase. ‘Halo Ibu’,  the pioneer of the maternal support online community, aims to help women in their transition to motherhood. This research attempts to investigate how mothers’ identity,  constructed with the background of their community members as well as to know the role that community, plays in the lives of a mother. The theory used is Mead’s Symbolic Interactionism and the concept of mother identity construction proposed by Laney et al. This is a qualitative study with a constructivist paradigm. This research employed interviews and observation as data gathering processes. The informants were the founder, the content creators, and the coordinator of the community. Results indicated that there was a simultaneous dialectic process between internalization, objectivation, and externalization about the community’s values which are self-love, self-awareness, and non-judgemental support. This process was present during the phase of mother identity construction. Even though it is an online community, the construction of reality regarding community and identity concepts is based on experiences, interactions, and information searched by individuals both online and offline.
UNDERSTANDING THE MOTIVES AND TYPIFICATIONS OF YOUTUBER GAMING ON SOCIAL MEDIA: A PHENOMENOLOGY STUDY
Authors: Putra Afdal Makkuraga , Anggoro Andreas Dion , Aunul Sofia , Putra Riza Darma
Published: September 2022

This study aims to analyze the motives and typify of Youtuber Mobile Legend Bang Bang (MLBB). This study uses Alfred Schutz's theory of phenomenology with a constructivist paradigm and phenomenological methods. To collect data, it was done by interviewing 7 informants and observing the informants' YouTube channel. The results of the research and data analysis show that there are several "motives because" MLBB players become gaming youtubers driven by 2 things, namely hobbies or fun and having free time. Meanwhile, the "motive for" which was found was related to 3 things. First, it relates to the desire of MLBB players to share their knowledge and playing skills. Second, about the MLBB players that many people want to watch. Third, it relates to the desire of MLBB players who want to be recognized as great or professional in playing. Based on these motives, this study categorizes 3 types of YouTubers MLBB in forming their identity on YouTube, namely Casual YouTubers, Sharing YouTubers, and Achieved YouTubers.
REPRESENTATION OF INDONESIAN CULTURE IN “ONLY IN INDONESIA” VIDEO BY LASTDAY PRODUCTION
Authors: Ikhsano Andre , Stellarosa Yolanda , Irawan Lusiana Cindy , Guo Mengmeng
Published: September 2022

Culture can be formed from habits acquired by humans as members of society. Indonesia has so many ethnic groups and produces different habits. From the habits carried out by the community; it is not uncommon to have bad habits and unique habits. This is what makes one of the videos with a cultural theme that is considered satire through one of the social media platforms, which is Youtube, entitled "Only in Indonesia" by LASTDAY Production, interesting to study. Using a descriptive qualitative methodology with Roland Barthes' semiotic analysis which focuses on the meaning of denotation, connotation, and myth; this study aims to determine the representation of Indonesian culture through the scenes in the Youtube video. The results show that there are five of the seven elements of universal culture, namely, social organization systems, technology and equipment systems, knowledge systems, arts, and religion. In addition, the representation of Indonesian culture contained in the video "Only in Indonesia" is a culture that can be said to be negative, seen from the depiction of people's habits.

Keyword: Representation, Indonesia Culture, Youtube Video, Semiotics
Development Studies of Virtual Simulation Experiments Are Integrated with the Biological Curriculum
Authors: Peng Qingling , Xu Su
Published: September 2022

Virtual simulation experiments are widely used in modern information education. Virtual simulation experiments are itegrated with the biological curriculum, which can develop experiments’ strong points, enrich the resource of biology, shorten the distance of education, promote biological teaching.
Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used to manage hypertension in the Republic of Guinea
Authors: Traore Mohamed S. , Camara Aïssata , Balde Mamadou A. , Diallo Mamadou ST. , Barry Nene S. , Balde Elhadj S. , Balde Aliou M.
Published: September 2022

Context: Like many other African countries, medicinal plants are widely used in Guinea to manage hypertension, which is a highly prevalent health problem. Aims: To identify the plants used in the traditional management of hypertension in Guinea. Methods: From May to November 2018, three hundred and forty-nine Traditional Health Practitioners (THPs) respondents, including 244 traditional healers and 105 herbalists, were contacted. Through semi-structured interviews, ethnobotanical information on medicinal plants were collected. Voucher specimens were authenticated by the department of Botany of the IRDPMAG and deposited in the Herbarium of this Institute. Results: Among the traditional anti-hypertensive recipes, a total of 97 plant species from 85 genera belonging to 43 families have been identified. Combretum micranthum, Hymenocardia acida, Anacardium occidentale, Spondias mombin and Alchornea cordifolia were the most frequently cited. The traditional recipes included one plant species (23 recipes), a combination of two species (18 recipes) or more (47 recipes). Conclusions: A large number of medicinal plants are used for the management of arterial hypertension in Guinea. Further biological and phytochemical investigations are needed to validate the traditional uses of these plants.
Hubungan Profesionalisme Guru Dengan Hasil Belajar Siswa di SMPN 1 Nanggung Bogor
Authors: Ropi Muhammad , Sadiah Chaira
Published: September 2022

In the learning process, student learning outcomes can relate to the professionalism of the teacher. This study aims to determine the level of professionalism of class VIII Islamic education teachers at SMPN 1 Nanggung, to determine the level of PAI learning outcomes of grade VIII students of SMPN 1 Nanggung and to determine the professionalism relationship between teachers of slamic education and learning outcomes of grade VIII students of SMPN 1 Nanggung. This research is a quantitative descriptive study with the X1 variable being the professionalism of the teacher, the X2 variable being the PAI teacher professionalism and the Y variable being the Student Learning Outcomes. The number of students was 76 out of 260 students. Data were collected using documentation and questionnaire methods. The validity of the  questionnaire  instrument  was  carried  out  by  analyzing  the  items  using  the  Product  Moment correlation formula and the reliability test using the Cronbach Alpha formula. The results showed that: there is a positive and significant relationship between the professionalism of the PAI subject teachers and the learning outcomes of the VIII grade students of SMPN 1 Nanggung, a correlation coefficient of 0.242 with a sig value of 0.019 means that there is a significant positive relationship between teacher professionalism and student learning outcomes. The strong relationship between professionalism and learning outcomes is in the low category. Thus the test shows "there is a significant relationship between the professionalism of Islamic education teachers with the learning outcomes of grade VIII students of SMPN 1 Nanggung with a low category.

Keywords: Teacher Professionalism, Learning Outcomes, Learning.
Analisis Perbedaan Antara Pembiayaan Leasing Konvensional dan Syariah (Ijarah)
Authors: Pasi Kurnia Utami , Fitra Teguh Haikal , Batubara Maryam
Published: September 2022

The current economic condition continues to develop, the existence of this leasing company is engaged in financing to help provide capital goods to business owners by way of leasing. There are two financing techniques offered to leasing companies, namely financial leasing and operative leasing. In the form of sharia, this leasing transaction is called ijarah. The principle used by ijarah transactions is based on a contract or agreement. The method used in this research is a literature study by collecting several sources of data related to the topic. The purpose of this study is to review the comparison between the two concept. There are differences in the practice of leasing and ijarah and all provisions on leasing that are prohibited by the syariah concept will be described in this study.

Keywords : leasing, syariah, ijarah, financing.
An Introduction to The Development of Accounting Guidelines for Cryptocurrencies (Experimental Study)
Authors: Khalaf Esam
Published: September 2022

Cryptocurrency is a form of decentralized digital money that exists only electronically and transcends international borders, due to its innovative characteristics and its growing popularity in the economic and technological worlds, Bitcoin and other digital “currencies” are expected to become dominant, leading to the need for processing its accounting. There are no guidelines on how to process cryptocurrency transactions. The aim of this research is to define a conceptual approach to accounting for encrypted digital currencies, and to benefit from new theories. Qualitative analysis is applied where relevant studies are analyzed to determine the main characteristics of cryptocurrencies and to identify issues of accounting policy. The characteristics of encrypted digital currencies and the issues of accounting policy constitute the main questions in the questionnaire being analyzed. The analysis is carried out using the statistical program Stata and statistics to clarify the relationship between the characteristics of cryptocurrencies and the issues of accounting policy that are identified. Where the study found that the accounting policy recommended by cryptocurrencies is to recognize and measure the fair value
The Role of Human Resources Management in Crisis Management by Applying to Dubai Islamic Bank: A Field Study
Authors: Ibrahim Mohamed Ibrahim Ahmed
Published: September 2022

عملت هذه الدراسة على تحديد دور إدارة الموارد البشرية في إدارة الأزمات عمومًا دراسة تطبيقية على بنك دبي الإسلامي بدولة الإمارات، وقد تم توزيع الاستبيان على عينة من العاملين في بنك دبي الإسلامي بإدارة الموارد البشرية، وقد بلغ حجم هذه العينة 181 موظف، ومن خلال رؤية النتائج الخاصة بالتحليل الخاص بالاستبيان من خلال استخدام برنامج spss وقد تم التوصل إلى أن مستوى تطبيق إدارة الموارد البشرية في إدارة الأزمات كبير، كما أن مستوى الفاعلية في إدارة الأزمات في بنك دبي الإسلامي عالي، إضافة لوجود أثر له دلالة إحصائية خاصة بأبعاد إدارة الأزمات خاصة بالموارد البشرية في فاعلية إدارة الأزمات في بنك دبي الإسلامي عند مستوى دلالة 0.05.
The Implications of Cloud Computing on The Modern Business Technology: A Review Study and Future Trends
Authors: M. Albaz Maged , A. Alsadoun Abdallah
Published: September 2022

استهدفت الدراسة تحليل الاتجاهات والجهود الدولية فى مجال الحوسبة السحابية واستخدام تطبيقات الحاسب الآلي فى مجال إدارة العمليات الإدارية والمحاسية داخل الشركات والتى اصبحت سمة العصر الحديث، ومع هذا التغير ظهرت تكاليف جديدة للاستخدام والاعتماد على الحوسبة السحابية مثل اسلوب احتساب التكلفة وطريقة إظهارها بالقوائم والتقارير المالية وتأثيرها على سلوك أرباح الشركات، ومن هذا المنطلق تبنت العديد من المنظمات والجهات الدولية مبادرات لتوحيد أساليب القياس والافصاح عن هذه التكاليف وخاصة مجلس معايير التقارير المالية الدولية، وخلصت الدراسة الى تحليل الاتجاهات الحديثة والاطر الحالية للمحاسبة عن تكاليف وانعكاس استخدام الحوسبة السحابية فى بيئة الاعمال الحديثة،  التى مازالت بحاجة الى مزيد من البحث فى هذا المجال مثل انعكاسات الحوسبة المحاسبية على هيكل التكاليف لمزود ومستخدم الخدمة السحابية، أثر الحوسبة المحاسبية على متطلبات الاعتراف والقياس والافصاح، انعكاسات الحوسبة المحاسبية على جودة مخرجات نظم المعلومات المحاسبية، تطوير دور الحوسبة المحاسبية بالمشاريع الصغيرة والمتوسطة، أثر الحوسبة المحاسبية على جهد المراجع وأتعاب المراجعة الخارجية وتوقيت إصدار تقرير المراجعة، أثر الحوسبة المحاسبية على إدارة وجودة الأرباح
Measuring the level of administrative and financial corruption and its impact on economic development: A field study on workers in the public sector in Lebanon
Authors: Yaakoub Adnan
Published: September 2022

The study aims to measure the degree of administrative and financial corruption and its impact on economic development, and it included an independent variable (administrative and financial corruption) and a dependent variable (economic development), where the descriptive analytical approach was adopted. The study sample consisted of 130 employees in 4 ministries in Lebanon (at the level of heads of departments and divisions). randomly selected, The (SPSS) program was used through descriptive statistical methods, frequencies, arithmetic averages, standard deviations, Cronbach Alpha coefficient, Correlation Coefficient, Simple Linear Regression, and(ANOVA) to test the validity of the hypotheses, and the study reached the following results: The total arithmetic mean of the administrative and financial corruption variable reached (3.87), which is a high level of importance. There is a medium inverse correlation between financial and administrative corruption and economic development. There is a statistically significant effect at the level (α ≤ 0.05) between financial and administrative corruption and economic development. The most important recommendations: Issuing a law to lift banking secrecy and developing a comprehensive national strategy to combat corruption in various economic and non-economic fields, which would reduce or prevent the spread of administrative and financial corruption.
Origem-Destino de Pacientes em Unidades de Saúde - Um Protótipo para analisar Deslocamentos
Authors: Costa Marcelo G. da , Luz Mariana G. , Liu Eunice , Kozievitch Nádia P.
Published: September 2022

A saúde é considerada como um dos pilares fundamentais da vida humana, sendo portanto um dos focos da gestão pública de recursos. Os recursos disponíveis para este fim são limitados, e por conta disto torna-se necessário realizar estudos criteriosos e continuados a fim de dar subsídios concretos aos gestores destes recursos na tomada de decisões, tornando-as o mais assertivas possíveis. Este trabalho apresenta uma pesquisa em andamento que visa criar um protótipo de Dashboard para o público-alvo de gestores públicos da área da saúde, provendo a eles informações acerca de deslocamentos territoriais realizados por pacientes de todas as regionais de Curitiba para buscar atendimento em toda a rede pública de saúde da cidade. O projeto utiliza dados abertos da cidade de Curitiba.
Uma Análise de Soluções para Busca de Dados Musicais
Authors: Silva Gisele Bernardes da , Mello Ronaldo dos Santos
Published: September 2022

A representação de dados musicais e a construção de sistemas de processamento e recuperação musicais agrava-se com a necessidade de desenvolvimento de sistemas os mais compatíveis possíveis com as visões ou desejos dos usuários. Este trabalho contribui com um estudo sobre recuperação da informação musical que auxilia no desenvolvimento futuro de soluções para busca de dados musicais. Analisa-se soluções que não apenas buscam dados musicais através do casamento direto de parâmetros de entrada, como palavras-chave ou um áudio com parte da música, mas também através da busca por similaridade destes parâmetros.
Um Estudo Sobre a Falta de Padronização na Descrição de Produtos em Notas Fiscais Eletrônicas
Authors: Mazzarolo João D. R. , Steinmetz Raul , Mergen Sergio L. S.
Published: September 2022

Com a informatização institucionalizada de sistemas comerciais, informações referentes a produtos adquiridos por usuários estão sendo cada vez mais disponibilizadas em formato digital, através de notas fiscais eletrônicas. Com o acesso a esses dados é possível construir diversos tipos de serviço, como portais de compra, ferramentas de coaching financeiro e análises de big data. No entanto, não existe padronização na definição dos nomes que devem ser usados para representar os produtos. Essa falta de padronização traz dificuldades para processos de integração que desejam consolidar produtos vendidos por estabelecimentos diferentes. Este artigo tem como propósito investigar como esse problema se manifesta em cenários reais, considerando especificamente produtos vendidos pelo setor supermercadista. Para isso, foram analisados produtos existentes em uma coleção de notas fiscais coletadas a partir do programa Nota Fiscal Gaúcha. A análise apresenta estatísticas referentes aos problemas mais comumente encontrados e destaca técnicas de similaridade textual que podem ajudar a fazer a limpeza/reconhecimento dos dados disformes.
Linked Open Data in Smart Cities: An application in the domains of Mobility and Education
Authors: Belizario Mateus G. , Berardi Rita Cristina G.
Published: September 2022

The fast transition to a highly urbanized population means that governments face new challenges in managing data and information in urban spaces. One of them concerns the need for information models of similar semantics and the ability to share and connect information from different sources and in heterogeneous formats, allowing the improvement of operational decision making by managers and citizens. In this sense, the objective of this work is to carry out a proof of concept integrating open data from the domains of education and mobility, using ontologies. The data used are from the city of Curitiba relating the academic performance of students at different levels and the characteristics of urban mobility in the city. The linked data obtained is an indication of the relationship between the academic performance of students in the municipality and the characteristics of urban mobility in the city.
Análise exploratória de tweets do Governo de Santa Catarina utilizando Modelagem de Tópicos
Authors: Rocha Leonardo H. , Duarte Denio , Schreiner Geomar A. , Dal Bianco Guilherme
Published: September 2022

Modelagem de tópicos tem sido amplamente utilizada para descobrir tópicos e agrupar documentos de uma coleção de documentos de entrada. O Twitter é uma das plataformas mais utilizadas para divulgação de notícias, sendo uma fonte valiosa de informação para os cidadãos. Utilizando tweets extraídos da conta oficial do Governo de Santa Catarina e LDA para extração de tópicos, este trabalho visa identificar os assuntos recorrentes divulgados nos anos de 2019, 2020 e 2021. Como resultado, é possível identificar os assuntos mais importantes publicados pela conta oficial no período selecionado.
Estudo comparativo entre técnicas de detecção e prevenção de ataques de injeção SQL
Authors: Lages Gustavo P. , Pereira Rafael T.
Published: September 2022

Atualmente, a segurança de dados se torna um aspecto que deve ser levado em consideração durante o desenvolvimento de aplicações Web. Um dos ataques mais comuns, e que requer grande consideração no processo de criação de sistemas, é o ataque de injeção SQL, que permite a adversários inserir códigos maliciosos ao banco de dados com o intuito de acessar, modificar ou até mesmo apagar informações confidenciais. Pensando nisso, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar um estudo comparativo entre sistemas de prevenção e detecção de intrusões e Web Application Firewalls baseado em testes automatizados de injeção de SQL, para definir opções efetivas para proteger diferentes aplicações desse tipo de ataque.
Impacto da Pandemia da COVID-19 nos Padrões de Crimes no Município de Curitiba
Authors: Leal Manoel Flavio , Gomes-Jr Luiz
Published: September 2022

O distanciamento social é uma das medidas mais eficazes para reduzir a disseminação da COVID-19. Entretanto, a sua prática acaba por alterar a rotina das pessoas, podendo impactar em diversos segmentos da sociedade como a mudança nos padrões de criminalidade. Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a influência das medidas de distanciamento social no padrão de crimes no município de Curitiba usando uma combinação de análise de séries temporais e regressão linear. As análises demonstram impacto estatisticamente significativo sobre todos os tipos de crime considerados, exceto para violência doméstica.
Identidade e Autenticação de Serviços através de Ambientes e Protocolos de Descoberta Heterogêneos: Uma Solução baseada em Self-Certifying Names
Authors: Brizolara Paulo L. S. , de Miranda Leonardo Cunha
Published: September 2022

Sistemas de descoberta de serviços tem sido utilizados para localizar serviços, de forma automatizada, em diferentes aplicações e ambientes de rede. Para cada ambiente ou aplicação, diferentes protocolos de descoberta (SDPs) podem ser utilizados, frequentemente incompatíveis entre si. A literatura descreve soluções para descoberta através de múltiplos ambientes e/ou SDPs, mas a falta de mecanismos para identificar e reconhecer os serviços localizados, termina impedindo a descoberta integrada através desses meios distintos. Para tratar essa questão, o presente trabalho propõe uma solução, baseada no princípio dos self-certifying names, para identificar e autenticar serviços, através de ambientes e protocolos de descoberta heterogêneos.
Segurança em Banco de Dados para Adequação a LGPD
Authors: da Silveira Kamilla Dória
Published: September 2022

A Lei Geral de Proteção a Dados (LGPD) estabelece a responsabilidade das empresas perante os dados pessoais dos cidadãos brasileiros. Nesse contexto, considerando o escopo da segurança em Banco de Dados (BD), constatou-se que os trabalhos relacionados apresentam uma visão estratégica das ações necessárias para garantir a adequação dos BDs para a lei, negligenciando os aspectos práticos para a implementação. Como contribuição para o problema, este trabalho propõe um conjunto de instruções relacionados a segurança em BD para adequar empresas a LGPD. Como prova de conceito, essas instruções são utilizadas para desenvolver o sistema LGPD DBSec, que foi utilizado em um caso de uso.
Generator sets for the selection of key differences in the Biclique Attack
Authors: de Carvalho G. C. , Kowada L. A. B.
Published: September 2022

Biclique cryptanalysis is the only known method faster than brute force for some block ciphers, such as the AES. The main phase of the attack is the Preparation phase in which the attacker selects the two families of key differences and chooses ways to partition the key space and the cipher. In the versions of biclique cryptanalysis used in literature, the selection of both families of key differences is done over the same set of key bits. We introduce our novel technique that involves a new concept of generator set of key differences where each key difference can be chosen from distinct sets of key bits. This also influences the way that the key space is partitioned, allowing for new possible bicliques with better time or data complexities. To demonstrate the power of this new technique, we present in this work an attack on the Serpent-256 that uses a negligible amount of data and remains close in terms of time complexity when compared to the best biclique attack applied to the cipher.
Implementação em Software da Cifra LowMC
Authors: Cabral Roberto , López Julio
Published: September 2022

Nos últimos anos surgiram várias propostas de primitivas simétricas construídas visando a minimização das operações não lineares, dentre elas, a família de cifras de bloco LowMC. Embora o LowMC seja uma primitiva muito atraente para aplicações que se beneficiam da sua baixa complexidade multiplicativa, o fato dele operar diretamente sobre bits torna-o muito custoso em software. Visto que algumas aplicações executam múltiplas mensagens por vez; tirando proveito do conjuntos de instruções vetoriais AVX, adaptou-se o algoritmo de modo a processar múltiplas mensagens por vez, facilitando sua implementação em software e melhorando o desempenho por encriptação. Conseguindo uma aceleração de 2,3x quando encriptadas oito mensagens por vez e de 3,3x quando encriptadas 16 mensagens para a instância do LowMC que processa todos os bits do estado por caixas de substituição e segurança de 129 bits. Adicionalmente, pensando em arquiteturas convencionais que não possuem instruções vetoriais, foi desenvolvida uma implementação nativa do LowMC cerca de 25% mais eficiente que o estado da arte.
libharpia: a New Cryptographic Library for Brazilian Elections
Authors: Pacheco Rodrigo , Braga Douglas , Passos Iago , Araújo Thiago , Lagrota Vinícius , Coutinho Murilo
Published: September 2022

The Research and Development Center for Communication Security (CEPESC) has a long partnership history with the Brazilian Superior Electoral Court to improve the security of the Brazilian election system. Among all the contributions from CEPESC, probably the most important is a cryptographic library used in some critical moments during the election. In an effort to improve transparency and auditability of the solution, we present the new cryptographic library developed at CEPESC, named libharpia. Its main design goal is to allow transparency and readability while substantially increasing security. One of the main advances is the use of post-quantum cryptography, implemented through secure hybrid protocols that mix current cryptographic standards (specifically elliptic curves) with new cryptographic primitives based on Lattices, believed to be secure against quantum computers.
A New Defensive Technique Against Sleep Deprivation Attacks Driven by Battery Usage
Authors: Fobe Jean Luc Antoine Olivier , Nogueira Michele , Batista Daniel Macêdo
Published: September 2022

A significant amount of IoT devices are essentially powered by batteries and implements mechanisms to save energy, such as the sleep mode. The decision-making process deployed in IoT devices to enter to and exit from sleep mode can be exploited by remote users through sleep deprivation attacks, reducing the battery's lifetime and causing a denial of service. This paper presents a new defensive technique to mitigate and prevent sleep deprivation attacks. It is based on the local battery consumption data, that is an input to control the sleep mode. Performance evaluation carried out in a system based on an ESP32 showed that the technique could increase the battery's lifetime by 51.2% in a scenario under a sleep deprivation attack.
Avaliação da capacidade de generalização de IDS stateful utilizando aprendizado de máquina
Authors: Domingues Marcelo Fernandes , Bertoli Gustavo de C. , de Melo Leonardo H. , Saotome Osamu , Santos Aldri , Pereira Lourenço Alves
Published: September 2022

Aprendizado de máquina é relevante para a caracterização de ataques em redes de computadores, permitindo identificar padrões de tráfego e, com isso, implementar mecanismos que bloqueiam ações maliciosas. No entanto, pouco se discute sobre a capacidade de generalização das soluções em diferentes contextos operacionais. Este trabalho avalia o desempenho de diferentes modelos, como DT, LR, MLP, NB, SVM e XGB, nos conjuntos de dados UNSW-NB15, CICIDS-2017, BoT-IoT, ToN-IoT e AB-TRAP. Como resultado, observou-se uma baixa capacidade de generalização. Mais ainda, a engenharia de atributos facilitou a comparação entre os modelos e contribuiu no processo de aprendizagem. Por fim, analisou-se a efetividade de atributos como preditores de scanning em redes.
Pequenos Passos em Direção a um Sistema Prático de Registro de Votantes
Authors: Sobrinho Alberto , Araujo Roberto Samarone , dos Santos Juliana , Castro Matheus , Traoré Jacques
Published: September 2022

Votações via Internet tornaram-se fundamentais em tempos de pandemia. Por meio delas pode-se evitar aglomerações tão comuns em eleições presenciais. Todavia, a comodidade trazida por esse tipo de votação reflete-se na facilidade de realização de ataques coercivos. As diversas soluções propostas para esse cenário possibilitam mitigar tais ataques, mas muitos fatores ainda dificultam o emprego prático delas como o registro presencial das credenciais de votação. Uma dessas soluções foi implementada por meio do sistema de votação CIVIS. Embora as primeiras versões desse sistema considerassem suposições irreais na fase de registro, a introdução de um novo protocolo de registro o tornou mais prático. Neste contexto, este trabalho complementa o trabalho anterior por meio da especificação do novo registro de credenciais. Adicionalmente, ele introduz melhorias a esse registro e apresenta os resultados dos primeiros testes a fim de verificar a sua eficácia.
Análise da Evolução Topológica da Rede Lightning de Canais de Pagamento
Authors: Camilo Gustavo F. , Rebello Gabriel Antonio F. , de Souza Lucas Airam C. , Potop-Butucaru Maria , Amorim Marcelo Dias , Campista Miguel Elias M. , Costa Luís Henrique M. K.
Published: September 2022

As redes de canais de pagamento (Payment Channel Networks - PCN) oferecem uma alternativa rápida, segura e distribuída para efetuar pagamentos, evitando os lentos mecanismos de consenso em correntes de blocos. Nessa nova tecnologia, a topologia da rede estabelecida entre canais de pagamentos influencia diretamente o desempenho, custo e o sucesso das transações dos participantes. Este artigo analisa a topologia da Rede Lightning, principal rede de canais de pagamentos da atualidade, avaliando e discutindo a evolução da rede. O artigo reconstrói o grafo da rede a partir de dados reais de um conjunto de mensagens de fofoca (gossip) de anúncios de canais e pagamentos coletadas entre janeiro de 2020 e agosto de 2021. Os resultados mostram uma forte tendência de centralização de renda e conectividade, em que 0,38% dos nós concentram 50% da capacidade da rede, expondo desta forma uma vulnerabilidade a ataques direcionados. Assim como na criptomoeda Bitcoin, a centralização encontrada na prática conflita diretamente com a proposta inicial de uma rede par-a-par, ou seja, descentralizada. Além disso, a baixa transitividade da rede compromete o uso de técnicas de rebalanceamento de canais, que contribuem para a estabilidade do sistema. Identifica-se assim a necessidade de novas políticas de conexão que priorizem maior descentralização e robustez da rede, além de priorizar a criação de ciclos para rebalanceamento efetivo de canais.
Um Estudo de Correlação de Ataques DRDoS com Fatores Externos Visando Dados de Honeypots
Authors: Heinrich Tiago , Will Newton C. , Obelheiro Rafael R. , Maziero Carlos A.
Published: September 2022

Nos últimos anos ataques DRDoS viraram notícia, considerando o volume de tráfego que atacantes conseguem gerar através de refletores. Os ataques exploram diferentes estratégias, com a possibilidade de utilizar muitos protocolos para a amplificação do tráfego. Visando estudar a influência de fatores externos em ataques DRDoS, este trabalho utiliza dados coletados por honeypots para identificar períodos de intensos ataques DRDoS e tenta associar fatores externos a esses períodos. Ao todo foram investigados 13 países que concentram mais ataques em cada continente, e para diversos períodos foi possível associar fatores externos, como eventos políticos e COVID-19.
Ataques Automatizados de Engenharia Social com o uso de Bots em Redes Sociais Profissionais
Authors: Ariza Maurício , Azambuja Antonio João G. de , Nobre Jéferson C. , Granville Lisandro Z.
Published: September 2022

As interações humanas virtuais têm sido ampliadas com o uso crescente da Internet e redes sociais, elevando os riscos de ameaças cibernéticas de Engenharia Social. O uso de Bots nesses ataques permite escalabilidade na exploração da confiança dos usuários, provocando riscos de segurança. Poucos são os trabalhos com foco nas ações automatizadas de Engenharia Social com o uso de Bots. Este artigo apresenta uma verificação dos controles de uma rede social profissional quanto à identificação e bloqueio desses ataques automatizados, utilizando um Bot de prova de conceito. A análise e discussão dos resultados permite demonstrar as vulnerabilidades de segurança presentes nas redes profissionais que podem ser exploradas para construção da relação de confiança do usuário com um Bot malicioso.
Six Characters in Search of a Security Problem: Pirandellian Masks for Security Ceremonies
Authors: Martimiano Taciane , Martina Jean Everson
Published: September 2022

For the Italian play-writer and 1934 Nobel-Prize winner Luigi Pirandello, a fictional mask is either self-imposed or, in most cases, forced on by society, being what makes life possible. Drawing from that, we believe that due to the non-deterministic nature of the human being, the only way to specify and verify human-tailored security protocols (known as security ceremonies) is by the specification of masks that users wear in order to interact with ceremonies. In the current paper, we review further this literary inspiration and propose six possible masks: the Attentive, the Naive, the Careless, the Fearful, the Busy, and the Elder. We then discuss an example of how we can reason about security involving human beings, and present what still needs to be done.
Map Matching: Uma análise de Dados Streaming de trajetórias de GPS no Transporte Público
Authors: Martins Tiago Stapenhorst , Kozievitch Nádia P. , Gadda Tatiana , Rosa Marcelo , Gutierrez Matheus B.
Published: September 2022

Com o barateamento e a instalação de dispositivos IoT, embarcados, sensores e GPS em ônibus públicos, uma grande quantidade de dados pode se gerada e utilizada como base para tomadas de decisão. Entretanto se os dados forem afetados por erros e incertezas tais análises podem ser inválidas. Este trabalho apresenta um protótipo com um método de Map Matching para detectar e extrair dados de Streaming de trajetórias GPS em uma rede de transporte e seus pontos de ônibus. O artigo utiliza conceitos de Sistemas de Informações Geográficas, Map Matching,Sistemas de Transportes Inteligentes e Cidades Inteligentes. Testes realizados em dados de Streaming de trajetórias de GPS de transporte público de Curitiba ilustraram a eficiência da metodologia do algoritmo de Map Matching (usando as trajetórias de GPS de veículos e seus pontos de ônibus), além de indicar fatores para melhoria dos dados.
A Mobile Application to Support Decision-Making in the Context of Forest Fires
Authors: Souza Igor Pimentel Gusmão Fragôso de , Silva José Italo Alves da , Carneiro Mycaell de Oliveira , Araújo Tiago Brasileiro , Lopes Filho Jose Gomes
Published: September 2022

The increasing number of forest fires in Brazil, allied to the difficulty of fire fighting in vegetation areas, becomes a motivation to apply technological resources to support the fire fighting in forest areas. Therefore, this work proposes the development of software able to collect data from different data sources and provide useful information to fire brigades, supporting the strategic planning as well as assisting the firefighters involved in fire fighting.
Heuristics for Systems-of-Systems Design
Authors: Imamura Marcio , Ferreira Francisco , Santos Rodrigo
Published: September 2022

A System-of-Systems (SoS) is an arrangement of independent systems that work in synergy to fulfill a common mission. SoS can be observed in several domains such as urban mobility, healthcare, and smart cities, to mention a few. A significant concern of SoS professionals refers to the independence of the constituent systems, which have the autonomy to stop contributing or abandon an SoS, making it difficult to guarantee the quality of SoS at design time. There are concerns involving the design of SoS. Managers, developers, and users should comprehend how the SoS will operate, aiming to mitigate potential problems anticipated at design time, and defining the requirements and resources necessary to develop and maintain the SoS before it starts operating. This Master's thesis aims to investigate good practices and recommendations that can be applied to the design of SoS to assure its proper operation. Therefore, we herein adopted the term "heuristics" to refer to such good practices and recommendations. A systematic mapping study (SMS) was conducted to identify which heuristics have been applied in SoS design. The SMS results were discussed in a focus group to organize the heuristics in a catalog. To facilitate the understanding and implementation, the heuristics in this catalog have been organized into groups. Each heuristic was categorized according to its suitability for use based on the coordination level of the SoS. We developed a tool that incorporates some of the heuristics from the catalog to verify how the heuristics can facilitate the SoS design process. A feasibility study was conducted with practitioners to evaluate the ease of use and the usefulness of the tool. We expect that the heuristics catalog would support professionals to identify critical issues during the SoS design process.