bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN USAHA AYAM PETELUR PADA PETERNAKAN ANDREAS TANAMAL DI DESA MAKU KECAMATAN DOLO KABUPATEN SIGI
Authors: Rahmawati Eka Suci , Tomy Jonh , Nurmedika Nurmedika
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini  bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi pengembangan usaha ayam ras petelur pada peternakan Andreas Tanamal di Desa Maku Kecamatan Dolo Kabupaten Sigi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Peternakan Andreas Tanamal yang terletak di RT 03 Perumahan 1 Dusun II Desa Maku Kecamatan Dolo Kabupaten Sigi pada Bulan September-Oktober 2021. Penentuan Responden dilakukan secara sengaja (purposive) sebanyak 6 orang. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu data primer dan data sekunder. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, metode analisis yang digunakan yaitu analisis SWOT (Strenghts, Weakneses, Opportunities, Treaths).  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa strategi pengembangan yang sesuai dengan kondisi lingkungan internal dan eksternal Peternakan Andreas Tanamal berdasarkan analisis SWOT adalah  Strategi S-O (Strengths-Opportunities). Strategi S-O adalah strategi yang menggunakan kekuatan internal usaha untuk memanfaatkan peluang eksternal. Adapun strategi yang dapat digunakan di Peternakan Andreas Tanamal yaitu: (1) Memanfaatkan lahan untuk peningkatan produksi yaitu dengan menambah kandang, (2) memanfaatkan dengan baik ketersediaan bahan baku pakan, (3) memanfaatkan dengan baik kualitas telur yang dihasilkan.
PENGARUH DOSIS PUPUK NPK DAN MEDIA TANAM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN CABAI MERAH BESAR (CAPSICUM ANNUUM L.)
Authors: Abdillah Fandhy , Laude Syamsuddin
Published: October 2023

Salah satu permasalahan yang dihadapi ialah penurunan produktivitas cabai besar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pupuk NPK dan media tanam terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman cabai merah besar. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan di Screen House Fakultas pertanian, Universitas Tadulako Palu yang berlansung mulai dari bulan Januari 2020 sampai dengan bulan Mei 2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial (2 faktor). Faktor pertama dosis pupuk NPK (P) terdiri-dari 4 taraf, yaitu : P1 (tanpa pupuk NPK), P2 (dosis pupuk NPK 200 kg/ha), P3 (dosis pupuk NPK 250 kg/ha), P4 (dosis pupuk NPK 300 kg/ha). Faktor kedua media tanam (M) terdiri-dari 3 taraf yaitu : M1 (Tanah + Arang Sekam Padi 2:1), M2, Tanah + Serbuk Gegaji Kayu 2:1), M3 (Tanah + Arang Sekam + Serbuk Gergaji Kayu 2:1:1). Dengan demikian terdapat 12 kombinasi perlakuan dengan 3 ulangan. Setiap satuan percobaan diwakili oleh 3 taanaman sehingga terdapat 108 tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak adanya interaksi yang nyata antara dosis pupuk NPK dan media tanam serta pengaruh tunggal media tanam terhadap parameter tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, jumlah buah, dan berat buah pertanaman. Sedangkan pengaruh tunggal dosis pupuk NPK terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman cabai merah besar menunjukan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap parameter tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, jumlah buah, dan berat buah pertanaman. Rata-rata berat buah tidak berbeda antara dosis pupuk NPK 250 kg/ha (P3) 245,27 g dan dosis pupuk NPK 300 kg/ha (P4) 247,07 g.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI PENDAPATAN USAHATANI PADI SAWAH DI DESA DOLAGO KECAMATAN PARIGI SELATAN KABUPATEN PARIGI MOUTONG
Authors: Awal Moh , Christoporus Christoporus , Sulmi Sulmi
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya pendapatan dan mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pendapatan usahatani padi sawah di Desa Dolago Kecamatan Parigi Selatan Kabupaten Parigi Moutong. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Dolago, Responden sebanyak 40 orang, dipilih dengan menggunakan metode sampel acak sederhana. Analisis digunakan analisis pendapatan, analisis kelayakan usahatani, dan analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil uji-F menunjukkan semua variabel panen, bibit, pupuk urea, pupuk ponska, jumlah tenaga kerja, dan pestisida secara simultan berpengaruh nyata terhadap pendapatan usahatani padi sawah di Desa Dolago pada taraf α 5% . Secara parsial (uji t) bibit dan pestisida berpengaruh nyata terhadap pendapatan usahatani padi sawah. Sedangkan panen, pupuk urea, pupuk urea, dan tenaga kerja berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap pendapatan usahatani padi sawah di Desa Dolago pada taraf kepercayaan 5%. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dapat diketahui bahwa rata-rata penerimaan setiap responden yaitu sebesar Rp 42.975.000 /1,35 ha atau Rp 31.833.333/ha. Total biaya produksi yang dikeluarkan sebesar Rp. 10.668.789/ 1,35 ha, atau Rp. 7.902.807/ ha sehingga pendapatan sebesar Rp.31.306.211/ 1,35 ha atau Rp. 23.930.527/ ha. Hasil analisis kelayakan diperoleh usahatani padi sawah di Desa Dolago layak nilai R/C = 4,02 menunjukkan bahwa R/C > 1, artinya pengeluaran sebesar Rp. 100,- akan  memperoleh penerimaan sebesar Rp. 402,-.
PREDIKSI LIMPASAN PERMUKAAN PADA BERBAGAI PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DI DAS OLAYA KECAMATAN PARIGI KABUPATEN PARIGI MOUTONG
Authors: Yunus Muh. , Monde Anthon , Rahman Abdul
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) dengan mengamati limpasan permukaan berdasarkan pada berbagai penggunaan lahan, Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memprediksi/ menentukan besarnya laju limpasan permukaan di DAS Olaya berdasarkan penggunaan lahan di wilayah DAS Olaya Kecamatan Parigi Kabupaten Parigi Moutong. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara kualitas laju limpasan permukaan terbesar/ satuan hektar terjadi pada perkebunan campur semak yaitu 0,01543 m3.dt-1 dan terendah terjadi pada sawah yaitu 0,0692 m3.dt-1. dimana setiap penggunaan lahan mempunyai respon berbeda terhadap hujan dan limpasan, karena karakteristik vegetasi, sistem perakaran, dan sifat tanah yang berbeda, tingkat curah hujan yang tinggi dapat berpengaruh terhadap laju limpasan permukaan, selain curah hujan juga terdapat faktor lain yang dapat mempengaruhi limpasan permukaan diantaranya vegetasi kerapatan prnutup tanah (penggunaan lahan), topografi (kemiringan), jenis tanah serta luas area berdasarkan penggunaan lahan.
Goodwill reporting in corporate acquisitions: The effects of managerial discretion under the new accounting rules
Authors: D’Este Carlotta , Galavotti Ilaria , Carabelli Marina
Published: October 2023

Goodwill is a critical issue in the accounting of corporate restructuring activities in terms of both purchase price allocation in corporate acquisitions and the subsequent write-downs. Although the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) new accounting standards provide a reference point for goodwill recognition, the complexity of fair value adjustments and the extensive subjectivity involved in assessing goodwill still make its allocation and the impairment-only approach limitedly transparent. Therefore, this study explores the impact of IFRS 3 (International Financial Reporting Standard 3) on management discretion in goodwill reporting. From a methodological standpoint, the hypotheses are tested on a sample of 68 acquisitions executed by Italian-listed acquirers in the 2012–2020 period. Our results confirm the potential for managerial opportunistic behavior in light of the signaling role of goodwill for investors.
Epidermal barrier impairment predisposes for excessive growth of the allergy-associated yeast Malassezia on murine skin
Authors: LeibundGut-Landmann Salomé , Ruchti Fiorella , Zwicky Pascale , Becher Burkhard , Dubrac Sandrine
Published: October 2023

The skin barrier is vital for protection against environmental threats
including insults caused by skin-resident microbes. Dysregulation of
this barrier is a hallmark of atopic dermatitis (AD) and ichthyosis,
with variable consequences for host immune control of colonizing
commensals and opportunistic pathogens. While Malassezia is the
most abundant commensal fungus of the skin, little is known about the
host control of this fungus in inflammatory skin diseases. Here we show
that in barrier-impaired skin, Malassezia acquires enhanced
fitness and overt growth properties. By using four distinct and
complementary murine models of atopic dermatitis and ichthyosis we
provide evidence that structural and metabolic changes in the
dysfunctional epidermal barrier environment provide increased
accessibility and an altered lipid profile, to which the lipid-dependent
yeast adapts for enhanced nutrient assimilation. These findings reveal
fundamental insights into the implication of the mycobiota in the
pathogenesis of common skin barrier disorders.
Experimental Study on High-cycle Fatigue Performance of Cold-rolled Steel Sheet Connections Using Self-tapping Screws and Blind Rivets
Authors: Li Yuanqi , Wang Yaqian
Published: October 2023

To provide more suggestions for the anti-fatigue design of cold-formed
steel, a series of high-cycle fatigue tests are carried out on
cold-rolled steel sheets connected by self-tapping screws and blind
rivets in this paper. Subsequently, fatigue failure mode, fatigue
strength, and fatigue damage are analyzed in detail. The test results
show that all the effective data points are below the S- N
curve of screws in the code. Meanwhile, the fatigue limit of the fitted
curves with 95% survival probability is between 0.3 and 0.67 times the
specification. Besides, the fatigue damage expansion rate of cold-rolled
steel sheets is less than the standard value. Through further
discussion, it is noticed that base metal grade has little influence on
the fatigue performance, and thickness has a significantly positive
influence on the shear resistance and fatigue performance. Moreover, the
fatigue performance of the two types of connections is similar.
Contrasting physiological responses of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to fibrous and layered clay minerals
Authors: Jiang Zhongquan , Wu Sijia , Wang Zhongyang , Zhao Zhonghua , Zhang Lu , Li Zhen , GE YING
Published: October 2023

Microalgae interact with mineral particles in aqueous environment, yet
how clay minerals affect physiological processes in algal cells remain
unexplored. In this study, we compared the effects of palygorskite (Pal)
and montmorillonite (Mt), which respectively represent fibrous and
layered clay minerals, on the physiological processes of Chlamydomonas
reinhardtii. It was observed that C. reinhardtii responded differently
to the treatments of Pal and Mt. The Pal particles bound tightly to and
even inserted cells, resulting in a significantly decrease of cell
numbers from 27.35 to 21.02*107 mL-1. However, Mt was only loosely
attached to the cell surface. The photosynthesis in the algal cells was
greatly inhibited by Pal, with rETRmax significantly reduced from 103.80
to 56.67 μmol electrons m-2s-1 and downregulation of IF2CP, psbH and
OHP1, which were key genes involved in photosynthesis. In addition, Pal
reduced the quantities of proteins and polysaccharides in extracellular
polymeric substances (EPS) and the P uptake by C. reinhardtii when the P
level in the culture was 3.15 mg/L. However, no significant changes were
found regarding the above EPS components or the amount of P in algal
cells upon the addition of Mt. Together, the impacts of fibrous Pal on
C. reinhardtii was more profound than those of layered Mt.
Fetal diagnosis of Meconium Periorchitis: a case report
Authors: Moustafa Ahmed S. Z. , Araji Sarah
Published: October 2023

Fetal meconium periorchitis (MPO) is rare prenatal diagnosis associated
with meconium peritonitis. The prenatal ultrasound finding consists of
an enlarged fetal scrotum with echogenic fluid and debris. In this
report, we describe a case in which a prenatal diagnosis of MPO was
accurately made at 32 weeks of gestation. The neonate
Development of a Rule-Based Expert System for Cost and Gross Profit Calculations of Agricultural Products: Apricot Information System (APRIS) Application
Authors: Topaloğlu Fatih , Şahin Oğuz
Published: October 2023

Cost and gross profit calculations of agricultural products are a
comprehensive and difficult process. Many different parameters such as
soil cultivation, pruning, spraying, irrigation, storage, drying,
harvesting, transportation and marketing need to be evaluated together.
Currently, cost calculations of agricultural products are made with
classical programs and simple mathematical methods. For this reason, the
results vary depending on the person and organization making the
evaluation. This creates some limitations that make cost calculations
with a dynamic process unreliable. In the study, a rule-based expert
system was developed for cost and gross profit calculation of apricots.
The expert system developed is called Apricot Information System
(APRIS). The developed expert system aims to provide more accurate
solutions by adding the precision and speed of the computer to the
calculation process. The main contribution of this study is the
development of a complete decision support set covering all processes
from tillage to marketing and the design of rule-based user-system
interaction. The designed system found the apricot cost calculation to
be 1126.36 TL. This value largely overlaps with the values obtained from
the field in the previous year. The developed expert system will be a
platform that can be used in cost calculations of many agricultural
products.
Autonomous navigation and adaptive path planning in dynamic greenhouse environments utilizing improved LeGO-LOAM and OpenPlanner algorithms
Authors: Yao Xingbo , Bai Yuhao , Zhang Baohua , Xu Dahua , Cao Guangzheng , Bian Yifan
Published: October 2023

The autonomous navigation of greenhouse robots depends on precise
mapping, accurate localization information and a robust path planning
strategy. However, the complex agricultural environment introduces
significant challenges to robot perception and path planning. In this
study, a hardware system designed exclusively for greenhouse
agricultural environments is presented, employing multi-sensor fusion to
diminish the interference of complex environmental conditions.
Furthermore, a robust autonomous navigation framework based on the
improved LeGO-LOAM and OpenPlanner has been proposed. In the perception
phase, a relocalization module is integrated into the LeGO-LOAM
framework. Comprising two key steps - map matching and filtering
optimization, it ensures a more precise pose relocalization. During the
path planning process, ground structure and plant density are considered
in our Enhanced OpenPlanner. Additionally, a hysteresis strategy is
introduced to enhance the stability of system state transitions.The
performance of the navigation system in this paper was evaluated in
several complex greenhouse environments. The integration of the
relocalization module significantly decreases the Absolute Pose Error
(APE) in the perception process, resulting in more accurate pose
estimation and relocalization information. Moreover, our Enhanced
OpenPlanner exhibits the capability to plan safer trajectories and
achieve more stable state transitions in the experiments. The results
underscore the effectiveness and robustness of our proposed approach,
highlighting its promising application prospects in autonomous
navigation for agricultural robots.
Unlocking the Potential of High-Resolution Satellite Imagery for Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) Phenotyping and Maturity Estimation in Plant Breeding
Authors: Mazis Anastasios , Barbeau Adam , Linares Julien , Das Pringale Kumar , Barr Jeremiah , Coles Nathan
Published: October 2023

Plant breeding programs demand efficient and accurate methods for
crop phenotyping, especially for economically important crops like
soybeans. High-resolution satellite and drone imagery are alternatives
to ground data collection to monitor crops in a time, cost, and labor
efficient way. Drone imagery offers localized and high-resolution data
but has limitations in coverage and operator skills. In contrast,
high-resolution satellite imagery provides broad-scale views of research
sites without the need of a human data collector or pilot.

Our study investigates the potential of high-resolution satellite
imagery (50 cm GSD) as an alternative to drone imagery for assessing
soybean physiological maturity and monitoring the crop condition in a
small plot breeding program. We compare the efficacy of satellite
against UAV by generating various multi-spectral vegetation indices (VI)
to predict maturity and assessing crop canopy characteristics (green
cover and NGE) . Eleven satellite derived VI were compared to UAV
derived values, with NDVI (R= 0.84), EVI2
(R= 0.83), TVI (R= 0.83) and IPVI
(R= 0.83) displaying the highest correlation between
the two methods. Satellite-derived NDVI was also efficient in
distinguishing the maturity of varieties among and across maturity
groups when compared against UAV imagery. Within location heritability
was high with values ranging between H= 0.77 and
H= 0.93.

With advances in spatial resolution, satellites can now provide
detailed insights into crop health, productivity, and resource
management. Our findings reveal the promise of high-resolution satellite
imagery as a valuable tool in small plot phenotyping with the potential
to further scale breeding programs.
Shining Light on Diurnal Regulation of Non-Photochemical Quenching: How do Gradual Light Intensity Variations During Growth Impact Short-Term NPQ Regulation
Authors: Lazzarin Martina , Driever Steven , Wassenaar Maarten , Marcelis L.F.M. , Ieperen Wim van
Published: October 2023

Maximal sunlight slowly varies over a day due to earth’s rotation.
However, it is unknown whether this predictable daily light pattern
influences the short-term regulation of non-photochemical quenching
(NPQ) responses across the day. Diurnal variation in NPQ at growth light
intensity, NPQ capacity and kinetics during and after 30-minute high
light period, were measured in tomato plants grown in diurnal constant
(DC) or diurnal parabolic (DP) light intensity. We also measured leaf
gas exchange and the violaxanthin de-epoxidation state (DES) during and
after 30-minute high light period at different time points in the day. A
clear diurnal pattern emerged in NPQ induction kinetics in DP-grown
plants, which was characterized by longer time for NPQ to reach its
maximal value at the end of the photoperiod compared to midday, but with
the highest capacity. The observed diurnal variations in NPQ capacity
were not explained by the DES, but were associated with slower
relaxation of qE. These diurnal patterns in NPQ responses were
less pronounced in DC-grown plants. Concurrently, CO
assimilation rate and stomatal conductance were lowest in the end of day
but similar between light regimes. We conclude that the diurnal
short-term responses of NPQ involves regulation of its ∆pH-dependent
component, which in turn can be influenced by the partitioning of proton
motive force.
Unraveling the link between magma and deformation during slow seafloor spreading
Authors: Zhao Yanghui , Ding Weiwei , Manatschal Gianreto , Wei Xiaodong , Ding Hanghang , Tong Zhengyi , Zhao Jingyan
Published: October 2023

Detachment faulting related to oceanic core complexes (OCCs) has been
suggested to be a manifestation of slow seafloor spreading. Although
numerical models suggest OCCs form under low magma supply, the specific
interaction between magmatism and tectonic faulting remains elusive.
This paper examines seismic observations detailing the spatiotemporal
interactions between magmatism, high-angle faulting, and detachment
faulting at a slow-spreading mid-ocean ridge in the West Philippine
Basin. We identified a magma-rich spreading phase at 36 Ma, indicated by
a magmatic top basement and normal oceanic crust with
shallow-penetrating high-angle faults. An axial valley reveals an
along-strike transition from normal to highly tectonized oceanic crust
over a distance of 70 km. Two older OCCs with concave-down fault
geometries and a younger OCC with steep-dipping faulting suggest
sequential detachments with the same polarity. Our findings suggest: (1)
slow seafloor spreading is cyclical, alternating between high-angle
faulting with a relatively high magma supply and detachment faulting
with limited magma supply; (2) sequential development of younger
detachments in the footwall of its predecessor leads to an asymmetric
split in the newly accreted crust; and (3) the life cycle of OCC ends
with high-angle faults that overprint the detachment and act as magma
pathways, sealing the OCC. Our study captures the dynamic interaction
between high-angle and detachment faults and their concurrent and
subsequent relationship to magmatic systems. This reveals that strain
distribution along strike is critical to OCC formation, thus enriching
our understanding beyond conventional considerations such as spreading
rates and melt budgets at mid-ocean ridges.
Using Satellite Observations of Lightning and Precipitation to Diagnose the Behavior of Deep Convection in Tropical Cyclones Traversing the Midlatitudes
Authors: Heuscher Lena , Gatlin Patrick , Petersen Walter A.
Published: October 2023

This study uses a unique combination of geostationary and low-Earth
orbiting satellite-based observations of lightning and precipitation,
respectively, to examine the evolution of deep convection during the
tropical cyclone (TC) lifecycle. The study spans the Atlantic Basin
hurricane seasons of 2018-2021 and is unique as it provides the first
known analysis of total lightning (intra cloud and cloud to ground)
observed in TCs through their extratropical transition and post-tropical
cyclone (PTC) phases. We consider the TC lifecycle stage, geographic
location (e.g., land, coast, ocean), shear strength, and quadrant
relative to the storm motion and environmental shear vectors. Total
lightning maxima are found in the forward right quadrant relative to
storm motion and downshear of the TC center, consistent with previous
studies using mainly cloud-to-ground lightning. Increasing environmental
shear focuses the lightning maxima to the downshear right quadrant with
respect to the shear vector in tropical storm phases. Vertical profiles
of radar reflectivity from the Global Precipitation Measurement mission
show that super-electrically active convective precipitation features
(>100 flashes) within the PTC phase of TCs have deeper
mixed phase depths and higher reflectivity at -10°C than other phases,
indicating the presence of more intense convection. Differences in the
net convective behavior observed throughout TC evolution manifest in
both the TC-scale frequency of lightning-producing cells and the
intensity variations of amongst individual convective cells. The
combination of continuous lightning observations and precipitation
snapshots improves our understanding of convective-scale processes in
TCs, especially in PTC phases, as they traverse the tropics and
mid-latitudes.
Characterizing precipitation and improving radar rainfall estimates over the Southern Ocean using ship-borne disdrometer and dual-polarimetric C-band radar
Authors: Aragon Larry Ger B , HUANG Yi , May Peter T , Crosier Jonathan , Duque Estefania Montoya , Connolly Paul James , Bower Keith
Published: October 2023

Large satellite discrepancies and model biases in representing
precipitation over the Southern Ocean (SO) are related directly to the
region’s limited surface observations of precipitation. To help address
this knowledge gap, the study investigated the precipitation
characteristics and rain rate retrievals over the remote SO using
ship-borne data of the Ocean Rainfall And Ice-phase precipitation
measurement Network disdrometer (OceanRAIN) and dual-polarimetric C-band
radar (OceanPOL) aboard the Research Vessel (RV) Investigator in the
Austral warm seasons of 2016 to 2018. Seven distinct synoptic types over
the SO were analyzed based on their radar polarimetric signatures,
surface precipitation phase, and rain microphysical properties.
OceanRAIN observations revealed that the SO precipitation was dominated
by drizzle and light rain, with small-sized raindrops (diameter
< 1 mm) constituting up to 47 % of total accumulation.
Precipitation occurred most frequently over the warm sector of
extratropical cyclones, while concentrations of large-sized raindrops
(diameter > 3 mm) were prominent over synoptic types with
colder and more convectively unstable environments. OceanPOL
observations complement and extend the surface precipitation properties
sampled by OceanRAIN, providing unique information to help characterize
the variety of potential precipitation types and associated mechanisms
under different synoptic conditions. Raindrop size distributions (DSD)
measured with OceanRAIN over the SO were better characterized by
analytical DSD forms with two-shape parameters than single-shape
parameters currently implemented in satellite retrieval algorithms. This
study also revised a rainfall retrieval algorithm for C-band radars to
reflect the large amount of small drops and provide improved radar
rainfall estimates over the SO.
Demonstration of a Multi-Layer, Lithographically Manufactured Plasma Spectrometer
Authors: Scime Earl E. , Dugas Matt , Gilbert Tyler J. , John Regis , Keesee Amy M , Wagner Greg
Published: October 2023

Development of new plasma instruments is needed to enable constellation-
and small satellite-based missions. Key steps in the development pathway
of ultra-compact plasma instruments employing lithographically patterned
wafers are the implementation of layer-to-layer electrical interconnects
and demonstration of massively parallel measurements, i.e., simultaneous
measurements through multiple identical plasma analyzer structures. Here
we present energy resolved measurements of electron beams using a
5-layer stack of wafer-based, energy-per-charge, electrostatic
analyzers. Each layer has eight distinct analyzer groups that are
comprised of multiple micron scale energy-per-charge analyzers. The
process of fabricating the electrical interconnects between the layers
is described and the measured energy resolution and the angular
resolution compared to theoretical predictions. The measurements
demonstrate successful operation of 400 micron scale analyzers operating
in parallel.
The Effectiveness of Project-Based Learning Model in Increasing Understanding of Mathematical Concepts in Fourth-Grade Elementary School Students
Authors: Sevani Olivia , Ramadan Zaka Hadikusuma
Published: October 2023

Learners are less able to optimize the project-based learning model. Many students still have not been trained to think critically and creatively toward understanding mathematical concepts, and children are less able to cooperate. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of the Project Based Learning model. This research used quantitative methods with the type of pre-experiment and a one-group pretest-postest design. The population in this study was taken from class IV, which consisted of 3 classes. The research sample consisted of class IVC, as many as 33 people. Research data were collected through the test method. The data analysis technique in the study used descriptive analysis and prerequisite tests using SPSS release 24 for Windows, r_hitung more than 0.361, so the 10 test items were declared valid and suitable for researchers to use. Based on the alpha stability category, a score of 0.658 is included in the reliable category, so it can be concluded that the test questions submitted are reliable. In the Paired Sample, t-test results with a significant score of 0.000 less than 0.05 show a significant difference in applying the project-based learning model in improving the understanding of mathematical concepts of fourth-grade elementary school students. So, it can be concluded that the treatment of post-test results by applying the project-based learning model effectively improves the understanding of mathematical concepts of grade IV elementary school students.
Pengaruh Model PAKEM terhadap Keterampilan Proses Sains Anak Kelompok B di TK Negeri Desa Tukadmungga
Authors: Suarningsih Ni Putu Lia , Gading I Ketut , Handayani Dewa Ayu Puteri
Published: October 2023

A B S T R A K

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya keterampilan proses sains siswa, keterampilan proses sains yang dimaksud yaitu keterampilan mengamati, mengklasifikasikan, membandingkan, mengukur, komunikasi dan eksperimen. Dari permasalahan tersebut perlu diberikan metode mengajar yang baru. Metode mengajar yang diterapkan untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut yaitu dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran PAKEM. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran PAKEM terhadap keterampilan proses sains anak kelompok B di TK Negeri Desa Tukadmungga. Jenis penelitian yang dilaksanakan merupakan penelitian eksperimen semu dengan rancangan penelitian pretest – posttest control group design. Populasi pada penelitian ini yaitu seluruh siswa kelompok B di TK Negeri Desa Tukadmunga. Sampel pada penelitian ini yaitu siswa dari kelompok B5 dan B6 dengan jumlah siswa sebanyak 25 orang sebagai kelompok eksperimen dengan penerapan model pembelajaran PAKEM, sedangkan kelompok B1 dan B2 dengan jumlah siswa sebanyak 28 orang digunakan sebagai kelompok kontrol. Data hasil keterampilan proses sains dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan instrumen berupa lembar observasi. Selanjutnya di analisis dengan menggunakan teknik analisis statistik deskriptif dan inferensial (Uji-t). Berdasarkan perhitungan Uji-t menunjukkan bahwa nilai signifikansi keterampilan proses sains = 0,00 < taraf signifikansi 5% (0,00 < 0,05). Hal ini berarti terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan model pembelajaran PAKEM terhadap keterampilan proses sains anak kelompok B di TK Negeri Desa Tukadmungga. Selain itu, berdasarkan analisis deskriptif diperoleh skor rata-rata kelompok eksperiman lebih besar dari skor rata-rata kelompok kontol, yaitu 62,76 > 44,49. Jadi, dapat disimpulkan bahwa, terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan model pembelajaran PAKEM terhadap keterampilan proses sains anak kelompok B di TK Negeri Desa Tukadmungga.
Percobaan Sains Menggunakan Project Based Learning Meningkatkan Kemampuan HOTS (High Order Thinking Skill) Kelompok Usia 5-6 Tahun
Authors: Elina Gea , Maylani Asril Nice , Vina Arie Paramita Made
Published: October 2023

Kemampuan HOTS (High Order Thinking Skill) belum berkembang secara optimal karena metode yang digunakan kurang tepat sehingga anak tidak dapat mengembangkan kemampuan HOTS (High Order Thinking Skill). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh eksperimen sains menggunakan Project Based Learning terhadap kemampuan HOTS (High Order Thinking Skill) kelompok usia 5 sampai 6 tahun. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode quasi eksperimen yang menggunakan Non-Equivalent Control Group Design yaitu desain yang hampir sama dengan desain pretest-posttest kontrol group design dimana pengambilan sampel ditentukan secara acak. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa eksperimen sains dengan menggunakan Project Based Learning berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kemampuan HOTS (High Order Thinking Skill) pada kelompok usia 5 sampai 6 tahun. Rata-rata HOTS (High Order Thinking Skill) pada kelompok eksperimen adalah 59,08 dari nilai rata-rata sebelumnya 34,30, dan pada kelompok kontrol yang memiliki nilai rata-rata 38,50 dari rata-rata sebelumnya 36,50. Pengujian hipotesis menunjukan ada pengaruh yang signifikan dari percobaan sains menggunakan project based learning. ilmiah menggunakan Project Pembelajaran Berbasis HOTS (High Order Thinking Skills). Disimpulkan percobaan sains menggunakan project based learning dapat meningkatkan kemampuan HOTS pada anak usia dini.
Kegiatan Seni Tari Kreasi Terhadap Kepercayaan Diri Anak Kelompok Usia 5-6 Tahun
Authors: Damayanti Ni kadek ayu , Asril Nice Maylani , Wirabrata Dewa Gede Firstia
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya kepercayaan diri, kepercayaan diri yang dimaksud yaitu kesadaran diri anak, rasa tanggung jawab, dan perilaku prososial. Dari permasalahan tersebut perlu diberikan metode mengajar yang baru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kegiatan tari kreasi terhadap kepercayaan diri anak kelompok B. Jenis penelitian yang dilaksanakan merupakan penelitian eksperimen semu dengan rancangan penelitian pretest-posttest control group design.  Populasi pada penelitian ini yaitu seluruh siswa kelompok B. Sampel pada penelitian ini yaitu siswa dari kelompok B1 dan B2 dengan jumlah siswa sebanyak 28 orang sebagai kelompok eksperimen dengan penerapan tari kreasi, sedangkan kelompok B5 dan B6 dengan jumlah siswa sebanyak 24 orang digunakan sebagai kelompok kontrol. Data hasil kepercayaan diri anak dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan instrumen berupa lembar observasi. Selanjutnya di analisis dengan menggunakan teknik analisis statistik deskriptif dan inferensial (Uji-t). Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan kegiatan seni tari kreasi terhadap kepercayaan diri anak kelompok B. Selain itu, berdasarkan analisis deskriptif diperoleh skor rata-rata kelompok eksperiman lebih besar dari skor rata-rata kelompok control. Disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan seni tari kreasi dapat meningkatkan kepercayaan diri anak kelompok B.
Tingkat Kecemasan dan Transendensi Orang Tua di Era Digital Pasca Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Fanhas Fatwa Khomaeny Elfan , Lubis Maesaroh , Ulfah Maulidya , Hamzah Nur
Published: October 2023

Bentuk pengasuhan orang tua terhadap anak bersifat adaptif, dinamis, dan transenden, sehingga bentuk pengasuhan akan selalu berkembang dan berubah dari waktu ke waktu mengacu pada tantangan dan tuntutan yang berlaku pada zaman tersebut. Realita di lapangan, bahwa perubahan bentuk pengasuhan orang tua terhadap anaknya berjalan secara evolusi sedangkan perubahan zaman berjalan secara revolusi, yang dicirikan dengan perubahan yang sangat cepat (speed), mendadak (suddent change) dan penuh dengan kejutan (surprise). Ketika dunia memasuki era industri 4.0 dan mewabahnya pandemi COVID-19 di seluruh penjuru dunia, hal tersebut telah mendorong pada perubahan mendasar dan terjadinya akselerasi digitalisasi pada berbagai aspek kehidupan, di sisi lain orang tua mengalami kendala dalam beradaptasi dengan perubahan tersebut, sehingga banyak orang tua terjerumus pada kondisi kecemasan mulai dari tingkat rendah (mild anxiety) sampai pada tingkat yang parah (severe anxiety), yang apabila tidak dapat diatasi dengan baik dapat berakibat pada level selanjutnya seperti: stres, paranoid, depresi dan dampak psikologis lainnya. Berdasarkan penelitian kuantitatif pada 6635 orang tua yang tersebar di 34 Provinsi di Indonesia, maka didapatkan data bahwa tingkat kecemasannya berada pada level tinggi yaitu 80,77%, sedangkan tingkat transendensi digital berada pada angka 57,42% dan tingkat transendensi spiritual berada pada angka 91,77%. Tinggi rendahnya tingkat kecemasan berbanding lurus dengan tingkat transendensi orang tua, dimana adanya keseimbangan antara transendensi digital dan spiritual.
The Social Factors That Influence Children's Interactions and Behavior in Classroom
Authors: Jaga Maria Regina , Ke Lomi Aplonia Nelci , Hornay Priscilla Maria Assis
Published: October 2023

Social factors show complex interactions and can affect children's social interactions. This research analyzes social factors that influence children's interactions and behavior in the classroom environment. This type of research is qualitative research. This qualitative research involved children and two of their teachers in kindergarten. Data collection methods use observation and interviews. The data collection instrument uses a questionnaire sheet. The data analysis technique uses qualitative descriptive analysis. Data were analyzed using content analysis techniques. The results show that respectful relationships, honest conversation and communication, intellectual engagement of students, shared ownership and responsibility in learning, and a classroom environment are the keys to effective learning for children. Teachers recognize children's progress, so they begin to value many of the social behaviors that children want to master. The classroom setting is an excellent place for children, and teachers pay attention to children's independent ability for tasks or skills through their interactions.
Media Busy Book Untuk Menstimulasi Kemampuan Spasial Anak usia 5-6 Tahun Di Gugus V Kecamatan Buleleng
Authors: Jyoti Kamala Ni Putu , Putu Aditya Antara  , Made Vina Arie Paramita
Published: October 2023

Penelitian pengembangan ini oleh dilatarbelakangi oleh penggunaan media dan model pembelajaran di TK yang belum optimal serta kurangnya media pembelajaran yang digunakan untuk mengaplikasikan pembelajaran. Tujuan penelitian pengembangan ini yaitu: (1) menghasilkan prototype media busy book, (2) menguji kelayakan media busy book, dan (3) menguji kepraktisan media busy book. Penelitian pengembangan ini menggunakan model ADDIE, yang tersusun atas lima tahapan, yaitu: (1) analyze, (2) design, (3) development, (4) implementation, dan (5) evaluation. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 2 orang ahli dan 3 orang guru. Objek penelitian ini adalah media busy book pada pembelajaran spasial. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu kuesioner. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data yaitu lembar rating scale. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: (1) skor rata-rata kelayakan oleh ahli media sebesar 4,34 dan kelayakan oleh ahli isi muatan pembelajaran sebesar 4,56 dengan klasifikasi keduanya sangat baik, (2) skor rata-rata kepraktisan oleh guru sebesar 4, 29. Bentuk pengembangan penelitian ini adalah sebuah media pembelajaran yaitu media busy book yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan spasial anak usia 5-6 tahun di Gugus V Kecamatan Buleleng. Media busy book ini dapat digunakan oleh guru untuk menstimulasi kemampuan spasial pada anak yang sudah teruji validitas dan kepraktisan dengan klasifikasi sangat baik sehingga media busy book ini sudah tepat dan layak digunakan.
Pengembangan Media Busy Book Berbasis pendekatan Kontekstual dalam Meningkatkan Keterampilan Motorik Halus Anak Usia Dini 4-6 Tahun di Tk Negeri Pembina Singaraja
Authors: Nazara Warnalina , Tegeh I Made
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media Busy Book Berbasis Pendekatan Kontekstual Dalam Meningkatkan Keterampilan Motorik Halus Anak Usia Dini 4-6 Tahun di Tk Negeri Pembina Singaraja. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian pengembangan dengan menggunakan Model ADDIE. Subjek dalam penelitian ini menggunakan 2 orang ahli media, 2 orang ahli materi, 1 orang ahli praktisi, uji coba perorangan 3 anak dan uji coba kelompok kecil 10 anak. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode angket atau kuesioner yang kemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisis data yaitu data kuantitatif dan data kualitatif. Media Busy Book dinyatakan valid dengan kualifikasi sangat baik dari para ahli dengan persentase hasil validitas ahli materi diperoleh skor 98,5%, hasil validitas ahli media diperoleh skor 90,5%, hasil validitas praktisi diperoleh skor 91%, hasil validitas uji perorangan diperoleh skor 95%, dan hasil validitas uji kelompok kecil diperoleh skor 98%. Dari hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengembangan media Busy Book Berbasis Pendekatan Kontekstual Dalam Meningkatkan Keterampilan Motorik Halus Anak Usia Dini 4-6 Tahun di Tk Negeri Pembina Singaraja layak untuk digunakan.
Implementation of P5 in the Merdeka Curriculum towards Strengthening the Character of Love for the Motherland in Early Childhood
Authors: Krisnawati Ni Made Ayu Sekar , Parmiti Desak Putu
Published: October 2023

National education in Indonesia implements various aspects of development by increasing abilities and forming dignified character in students. This research aims to analyze the implementation of P5 in the independence curriculum on the character of patriotism. This type of research is research that uses qualitative descriptive research methods. This research focuses on implementing P5 and strengthening the character of patriotism in early childhood. The population of this research is students and children's teachers. This research also uses observation, interview, and documentation data collection methods to collect data from group teacher subjects and principal informants. Data validity uses data analysis techniques such as triangulation, which consists of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions or verification. The results of this research show that implementing P5 as an effort to increase the character of patriotism is carried out in three stages. In the initial stage, the teacher deepens the child's talent interests to adjust the activities and themes of the P5 project. Project activities will be developed and arranged at the development stage based on a predetermined project theme. At the conclusion stage, the teacher will evaluate and reflect on the activities that have been carried out based on the children's achievements and feedback from parents. Apart from that, in its implementation, the six dimensions of the Pancasila Student Profile are also inserted into children's learning and daily life to familiarize children with character development.
Worsening air pollution an unfamiliar cause of low vitamin D levels: A systematic literature review
Authors: Jhamb Jai Aditya , Rampal Sanjiv , Jaiman Ashish , Sinniah Ajantha , Tong Jia Bei , Jaiman Aryaman
Published: October 2023

Air pollution is widely recognized as a future biohazard, yet its direct effects on human health, particularly in relation to bone health and vitamin D levels, are inadequately understood. While the detrimental impact on respiratory and cardiovascular health is well-documented, the correlation with vitamin D deficiency remains weak.

To explore the relationship between air pollution and vitamin D levels, an extensive search of scientific literature was conducted. This comprehensive search encompassed databases such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, and DOAJ, while also examining the bibliographies of relevant articles. The inclusion criteria focused on studies that specifically investigated the association between air pollution and vitamin D levels, while excluding systematic reviews, case reports, editor's letters, and studies lacking pertinent explanations or causative factors. Each included study underwent rigorous evaluation of its methodological quality, with data extraction performed to assess the reliability and robustness of the evidence for each research question.

The majority of studies have consistently demonstrated a negative correlation between ambient air pollution and vitamin D levels in humans. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain this relationship, including reduced exposure to sunlight due to increased air pollution, production of reactive oxygen particles, and inflammation leading to decreased vitamin D synthesis. Moreover, certain pollutants, such as particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide, have been found to have a more pronounced impact on vitamin D levels. Variables such as age, gender, season, and geographical location may also influence the association between air pollution and vitamin D levels. Lifestyle factors, including indoor confinement and pre-existing vitamin D deficiency, may exacerbate the detrimental effects of air pollution.

In conclusion, air pollution detrimentally affects vitamin D levels primarily through increased body inflammation and the generation of free radicals. The presence of elevated levels of particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide further compounds this effect. Additionally, decreased cutaneous production of activated vitamin D, resulting from reduced ultraviolet B radiation penetration due to decreased Air Quality Index, contributes to the negative impact. Studies suggest that the intake of exogenous vitamin D supplements and adherence to a calcium-rich diet may confer benefits to individuals residing in highly polluted areas. To address this issue, public health policies should emphasize outdoor exposure to sunlight, promote healthy dietary choices, and reduce overall exposure to pollutants.
The frequency of hypernatremia at presenting to the Emergency Department with acute bronchiolitis
Authors: Konuksever Dilek , Gül Ateş Eylem
Published: October 2023

Aim: Acute bronchiolitis is a common lower respiratory tract disease in children. In addition to its common clinical findings, it may also cause extrarenal water losses. Deficiency in total body water is a risk for hypernatremia. This study aimed to analyze the frequency of concomitant hypernatremia in children suffering from acute bronchiolitis.

Material and methods: This retrospective study was conducted with 1317 children who presented to the pediatric emergency department with acute bronchiolitis and whose sodium levels were measured from January 1, 2019, to March 1, 2020. The age, gender, and application season of the patients were recorded.

Results: Hypernatremia was detected in 193 (14.7%) patients, and hyponatremia was detected in 99 (7.5%). There was no statistical difference in age or gender between the hyponatremia, hypernatremia, and normonatremia groups (p>0.05). The frequency of hypernatremia was the highest in winter and spring (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Patients with acute bronchiolitis may be accompanied not only by hyponatremia but also by hypernatremia. To prevent dysnatremia in patients with acute bronchiolitis, each child's intravenous hydration regimen must be ordered to electrolyte levels.
Gallic Acid Attenuates Cardiovascular and Hematological Complications in Vincristine Treatment via Hydroxyl Radical Scavenging and Endogenous Antioxidant Stimulation in Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Azeez Odunayo Ibraheem , Oyagbemi Ademola Adetokunbo , Ola-Davies Olufunke Eunice
Published: October 2023

The menace of cancer and the nightmare of complications of cancer chemotherapy have driven researchers to explore simple but efficient combination therapy that includes antioxidants, in cancer therapy. The ability of gallic acid to correct the toxic complication of Vincristine was investigated.
Twenty adult male rats of the Wistar strain were grouped into four, randomly, consisting of five rats each. The untreated control (group A) was given only distilled water, groups B and C 0.025 mg/kg Vincristine sulfate intraperitoneally once a week for two weeks. Group C rats were thereafter administered 100 mg/kg gallic acid daily by gastric gavage for 14 days. At 14 days, blood pressure and ECG were measured in the rats, then blood samples were obtained via the retrorbital venous plexus for determination of haematological parameters and plasma biochemistry. They were then euthanized through cervical dislocation, under ether anaesthesia, and liver, kidneys, heart, and brain samples were collected, weighed, and stored for determination of marker of oxidative stress in the post mitochondrial fractions of each organ.
Results of the study showed that rats in group B had hypertension as evidenced by elevated diastolic and systolic as well as mean arterial pressure while QT interval and corrected QT were slightly elongated. They also had lowered RBC, WBC, and granulocyte counts. Markers of oxidative stress, GSH, and SOD were also depleted while H2O2 generation increased in this group, whereas all the observed anomalies were corrected in the group C rats that were administered both Vincristine and gallic acid. This study further showed that Vincristine, at normal recommended therapeutic dosage is toxic, causing anaemia, panleucopenia, and cardiovascular anomalies via oxidative stress and generation of hydroxyl radicals. These were however corrected by concurrent administration of gallic acid
Вывод законов 4-х тока из неоднородности векторного поля алгеброй Клиффорда
Authors: Бабаев Алимжан
Published: October 2023

В данной обзорной статье уравнение непрерывности, сохранение вихревого 4-х тока выводятся из неоднородности векторного поля с помощью обобщенной алгебры Клиффорда. В новом определении 4-х тока появляется нелинейность, т.е. член, зависящий от энергии-импульса.

The continuity equation and conservation of eddy current 4 are derived from the non-homogeneity of the vector field using generalized Clifford algebra in this review article. Nonlinearity, i.e., an energy-momentum-dependent term, appears in the new definition of the four-current.