bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gender and change drivers: an exploratory study
Authors: Whelan‐Berry Karen S.
Published: June 2013

Purpose

Change drivers are events, activities, or behaviors that facilitate the individual adoption of change initiatives and the implementation of organizational change. The purpose of this paper is an exploratory study of whether gender differences exist for change drivers.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper involves a three‐year study of an organizational change in the banking industry, and uses survey and interview data.

Findings

Data show that the mean perceived significance of change drivers to the understanding and adoption of change initiatives by male and female employees is similar and does not vary at a statistically significant level. Statistically significant gender differences do exist in terms of the relationship between change drivers and employees' reported individual adoption of change initiatives. Qualitative data from the interviews support those quantitative findings, showing gender differences in how change drivers are perceived; differences in change‐related vision, leadership, communication and positive outcomes as drivers are discussed.

Research limitations/implications

This is an exploratory study and needs to be replicated with other organizational changes in a variety of industries with varied employee demographics and differences in change leadership gender.

Practical implications

Change drivers are a form of resource allocation. Better understanding of gender differences in terms of the perception of and significance of change drivers to individual employees' understanding and adoption of change initiatives can result in more effective allocation of resources by change leaders.

Originality/value

Very limited prior research explores gender or other demographic differences for change drivers. This research provides an empirical study of gender and change drivers and extends prior research on change drivers and the change process.
Detecting and assessment of tsunami building damage using high‐resolution satellite images with GIS data
Authors: Dinesh Chandana P. , Bari Abdul U. , Dissanayake Ranjith P.G. , Tamura Mazayuki
Published: June 2013

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present a method and results of evaluating damaged building extraction using an object recognition task in pre‐ and post‐tsunami event. The advantage of remote sensing and its applications made it possible to extract damaged building images and vulnerability easement of wide urban areas due to natural disasters.

Design/methodology/approach

The proposed approach involves several advanced morphological operators, among which are adaptive transforms with varying size, shape and grey level of the structuring elements. IKONOS‐2 satellite images consisting of pre‐ and post‐2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami site of the Kalmunai area on the East coast of Sri Lanka were used. Morphological operation using structural element are applied for segmented images, then extracted remaining building foot print using random forest classification method. This work extended further the road lines extraction using Hough transform.

Findings

The result was investigated using geographic information system (GIS) data and global positioning system (GPS) ground survey in the field and it appeared to have high accuracy: the confidence measures produced of a completely destroyed structure give 86 percent by object‐based, respectively, after the tsunami in one segment of Maruthamune GN Division.

Research limitations/implications

This study has also identified significant limitations, due to the resolution and clearness of satellite images and vegetation canopy over the building footprint.

Originality/value

The authors develop an automated method to detect damaged buildings and compare the results with GIS‐based ground survey.
Police leadership roles: empirical study of management attitudes
Authors: Dean Geoff , Gottschalk Petter
Published: June 2013

Purpose

This paper aims to present empirical results from a study of attitudes of police managers to different leadership roles in their jobs in two police districts in Norway.

Design/methodology/approach

A questionnaire was developed and administered among police managers in two police districts in Norway. Participants in leadership programs were selected for this survey research carried out in March and April 2010. Follo police district and Hedmark police district had a total of 130 participants in these programs with 60 managers from Follo and 70 managers from Hedmark.

Findings

The personnel leader role was found to be most important, followed by the resource allocator role. Responding police managers reported that they felt least competent in the liaison role.

Research limitations/implications

Limitations were that the relatively small sample size restricted the use of sophisticated statistical tools and the generalisability of results to police services other than Norway.

Practical implications

Key implications are the necessary shift from resource allocation to personnel leadership and potential for role conflict.

Social implications

A well‐regarded police service is a prerequisite for the positive perception of law enforcement and justice. Leadership is a key element for ensuring integrity and accountability in policing.

Originality/value

This is the first survey of its kind of Norwegian police managers.
Recognising and responding to financial abuse in residential aged care
Authors: Tilse Cheryl , Wilson Jill
Published: June 2013

Purpose

Responding to suspected financial abuse in residential aged care provides particular challenges to care managers. This paper aims to explore responses to financial abuse by care managers and the knowledge, policies and principles that guide practice in this context.

Design/methodology/approach

The research is part of a larger project exploring financial asset management and financial abuse in residential aged care in Australia. The thematic analysis reports on responses of care managers in 62 aged care facilities to survey interview questions and case scenarios presenting issues of alleged financial abuse.

Findings

Although most care managers accepted an obligation to act in response to suspected financial abuse, inconsistency and a lack of familiarity with policy are clearly demonstrated. Practice responses vary according to whether the primary focus is on residents, family or managing risk. Despite most reporting policies in place in the event of alleged theft, reports on the use of policies and protocols to guide responses to suspected misuse of an enduring power of attorney or undue influence are limited. The care manager's knowledge and approach to practice are crucial to framing the response.

Originality/value

The research provides insight into inconsistencies in responses to financial abuse in residential aged care, identifies good practice and outlines the limitations in knowledge of some care managers. It argues for the need to enhance understanding, support and training to further develop practice in this setting, particularly in relation to adult protection principles.
Combining Monte Carlo simulations and options to manage the risk of real estate portfolios
Authors: Amédée‐Manesme Charles‐Olivier , Barthélémy Fabrice , Baroni Michel , Dupuy Etienne
Published: June 2013

Purpose

This paper aims to show that the accuracy of real estate portfolio valuations and of real estate risk management can be improved through the simultaneous use of Monte Carlo simulations and options theory.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors' method considers the options embedded in Continental European lease contracts drawn up with tenants who may move before the end of the contract. The authors combine Monte Carlo simulations for both market prices and rental values with an optional model that takes into account a rational tenant's behaviour. They analyze how the options significantly affect the owner's income.

Findings

The authors' main findings are that simulated cash flows which take account of such options are more reliable that those usually computed by the traditional method of discounted cash flow.

Research limitations/implications

Some limitations are inherent to the authors' model: these include the assumption of the rationality of tenant's decisions and the difficulty of calibrating the model given the lack of data in many markets.

Originality/value

The main contribution of the paper is both by accounting for market risk (Monte Carlo simulations for the prices and market rental values) and for accounting for the idiosyncratic risk (the leasing risk).
(Re)Writing the body: a prosumption analysis of pregnancy
Authors: Sundstrom Beth
Published: June 2013

Purpose

Theories of prosumption offer social marketers an opportunity to improve market segmentation strategies and health campaigns by improving understanding of audiences. The purpose of this paper is to provide a framework to understand how women produce and consume ideologies of pregnancy.

Design/methodology/approach

A total of 19 pregnant women ages 24‐38 years completed qualitative, in‐depth interviews. Data analysis included a grounded theory approach and constant‐comparative method using open and axial coding to reduce the data and identify themes across the data.

Findings

This study addressed prosumption in three meaning‐making sites: the physiological basis of pregnancy; perceptions of medicine and the biomedical model during pregnancy; and perceptions of media surrounding pregnancy.

Research limitations/implications

This study applied prosumption theory in a new social context: pregnant women. Findings articulate the importance of gender and the necessity of incorporating women's lived experiences into theories of prosumption.

Practical implications

Social marketers benefit from improved understandings of pregnant women's body identity, perceptions, and opportunities for empowerment and agency in reproductive health. The proposed “purist pregnant woman” myth impacts effective strategies in social marketing and health communication campaigns. Findings suggest that pregnant women may serve as a receptive audience for a range of health issues.

Social implications

This study extends our understanding of prosumers, suggesting that prosumption of pregnancy reduces alienation, humanizes and demedicalizes health care and the birthing process.

Originality/value

This study offers theoretical and practical implications for social marketing and health communication campaigns to improve pregnancy health outcomes through an improved understanding of prosumers.
Designing a prototype virtual learning environment for library and information science students
Authors: Lihitkar Shalini R.
Published: June 2013

Purpose

The major objective of this paper is to develop holistic e‐content for postgraduate students for library and information science with an aim to benefit the learners about and beyond a syllabus. The objectives of the initiative are: develop e‐content in library and information science subject at postgraduate level drawing expertise from subject experts in colleges, universities and R and D libraries; impart training to subject experts in the process of e‐content creation; make e‐content available to students and peers using different delivery modes to impart formal and informal education and for supplementing and complementing the process of teaching and learning; and promote usage of e‐content amongst students and peers and teachers in library and information science.

Design/methodology/approach

Moodle software (www.moodle.org) and GSDL (www.greenstone.org) were downloaded and installed. Moodle was used as front end layer and GSDL was in back end layer as a backend repository system. The front end layer consists of Moodle as an application system and Mysql as a storage RDBMS system, and the business layer deals with managing access restriction, online socialization, knowledge construction/organization, and development. Various committees were formed for paper coordinators, content writers, content reviewers and language editors.

Findings

It has been observed that the converged framework would facilitate converged and improved global standards in the field of academics with LIS education being no exception. Thus, on the basis of the critical evaluation of the currently available online LIS courses offered by different universities and institutes, a framework has been proposed for possible use to develop an online LIS course in Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur.

Research limitations/implications

This is a conceptual model to develop the e‐learning environment in a Department of Library and Information Science. This study will be helpful to all who want to develop and implement e‐learning courses in LIS.

Practical implications

Practically it is possible to develop the e‐learning model for DLISc, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur by integrating the two open source softwares (i.e. Moodle and GSDL).

Social implications

If the model were developed and used with a proper planning and execution stage, it would definitely be helpful for the learning purposes of the students as well as for the faculty members.

Originality/value

This is a conceptual model that could be applied to any university LIS department.
Net interest margins and firm performance in developing countries
Authors: Aysen Doyran Mine
Published: June 2013

Purpose

This paper aims to examine the relationship between performance and some macro and micro variables in the Argentine commercial banking industry. Included are the profitability and interest variables; return on assets (ROA) and net interest margin (NIM) over the period of 1994 to 2011.

Design/methodology/approach

The empirical construct is guided by recent theories of banking performance that employ an industrial organization framework and two dependent variables (with identical control variables) to assure robustness and comparability in findings. The variables for the panel estimated generalized least square (panel EGLS) are constructed using income statements of 62 commercial banks (firm‐level data) as well as a number of industry‐specific and macroeconomic indicators.

Findings

Factors such as expense management (operating cost efficiency/inefficiency), leverage and liquidity appear to be important forces behind the net interest margins (NIM) and profits (ROA) in the Argentine banking industry. Higher return on assets (ROA) is associated with banks carrying less leverage and therefore displaying a lower ratio of debt to total assets. Higher interest margin (NIM) is associated with higher operating expenses. Regarding the macroeconomic variables, inflation negatively affects profitability but is positively and significantly related to net interest margin. Banking environment has a positive effect on performance, reflecting the complementarity between banking performance and stock market capitalization.

Originality/value

The paper's value lies in showing that a firm's specific variables reveal better insights when analyzed in relation to banking environment. Indirectly, some of the value of this work lies in highlighting the Central Bank's accommodative monetary policy that has been driving Argentina's economic recovery and credit boom arising in an inflationary environment.
The core of affects: namer and named in Bahia (Brazil)
Authors: de Pina‐Cabral João
Published: June 2013

This article is a study of personal naming using drawings made by secondary school students from two small towns in coastal Bahia (Brazil) of the persons who gave them their names. The article explores the relation between namer and named as one of continued identity created by imaginative processes of surrogation akin to pretend‐play. In early ontogeny, the person is constituted through a series of mutualities of being that come to constitute a core of affects. The article aims to contribute towards a better understanding of the processes of constitution of personhood in the context of human relatedness.
Language, culture, and mind: trends and standards in the latest pendulum swing. DanielEverett, Language: the cultural tool. London: Profile, 2012.
Authors: Enfield N.J.
Published: June 2013

The study of language in relation to anthropological questions has deep and varied roots, fromHumboldt andBoas,Malinowski andVygotsky,Sapir andWhorf,Wittgenstein andAustin, through to the linguistic anthropologists of now. A recent book by the linguistDanielEverett,Language: the cultural tool(2012), aims to bring some of the issues to a popular audience, with a focus on the idea that language is a tool for social action. I argue in this essay that the book does not represent the state of the art in this field, falling short on three central desiderata of a good account for the social functions of language and its relation to culture. I frame these desiderata in terms of three questions, here termed the cognition question, the causality question, and the culture question. I look at the relevance of this work for socio‐cultural anthropology, in the context of a major interdisciplinary pendulum swing that is incipient in the study of language today, a swing away from formalist, innatist perspectives, and towards functionalist, empiricist perspectives. The role of human diversity and culture is foregrounded in all of this work. To that extent,Everett's book is representative, but the quality of his argument is neither strong in itself nor representative of a movement that ought to be of special interest to socio‐cultural anthropologists.
Pleistocene history ofIberomys, an endangered endemic rodent from southwestern Europe
Authors: CUENCA‐BESCÓS Gloria , LÓPEZ‐GARCÍA Juan Manuel , GALINDO-PELLICENA María Angeles , GARCÍA‐PEREA Rosa , GISBERT Julio , ROFES Juan , VENTURA Jacint
Published: June 2013

The extant Cabrera's vole,Microtus cabrerae, differs in morphology and evolutionary history from the other species ofMicrotus. This arvicoline has unique derived features in the cranium, mandible and dentition. Probably its most conspicuous features are its large size, the high skull in lateral view, the long and distally broad nasals, and the triangle shape of the anteroconid complex, with a marked labio‐lingual asymmetry of the occlusal surface of the first lower molars. In this study, we propose a phylogenetic lineage that includes Cabrera's vole in what until now has been theMicrotussubgenusIberomys. Paleontological information and several life history traits support the elevation ofIberomysto the rank of genus. GenusIberomyscomprises species that have appeared in succession during the Quaternary: in the Early Pleistocene, the extinctI. huescarensisin the Middle Pleistocene, the extinctI. mediterraneusand in the Late Pleistocene, the extantI. cabrerae. Interestingly, the extant species shows several biological singularities, such as multiple polymorphic copies of the SRY male‐specific gene in both males and females, and the lowest basal metabolic rate in relation to weight among arvicoline species. Likewise, its habitat requirement is unique among the Iberian arvicolines. Accordingly, the biological and paleontological data that we present in this work support the elevation of its taxonomic rank to that of genus. This study also suggests a modification of nomenclature:Microtus (Iberomys) brecciensisis replaced withI. mediterraneusand the common name of the extantM. (I.) cabreraechanged from ‘topillo’ to ‘iberon’ to improve conservation and protection actions.
Clinical implications of genetic testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in Austria
Authors: Singer CF , Muhr D , Rappaport C , Tea M‐K , Gschwantler‐Kaulich D , Fink‐Retter A , Pfeiler G , Berger A , Sun P , Narod SA
Published: June 2013

The objective of this study was to describe the experience of genetic testing in Austrian women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation in terms of preventive measures taken and incident cancers diagnosed. We collected clinical information on 246 Austrian women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation tested between 1995 and 2012 and followed 182 of them for an average of 6.5 years. Of the 90 women who were cancer‐free at baseline, 21.4% underwent preventive bilateral mastectomy, 46.1% had preventive bilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy, and 1 took tamoxifen; 58.8% of the at‐risk women underwent at least one screening breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Of the 85 women with breast cancer, 69.4% had a unilateral mastectomy or lumpectomy and 30.6% had a contralateral mastectomy. In the follow‐up period, 14 new invasive breast cancers (6 first primary and 8 contralateral), 1 ductal carcinoma in situ case, 2 incident ovarian cancer cases, and 1 peritoneal cancer were diagnosed. In Austria, the majority of healthy women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation opt for preventive oophorectomy and MRI screening to manage their breast cancer risk; few have preventive mastectomy or take tamoxifen.
REGULATORY FORBEARANCE AND DEPOSITOR MARKET DISCIPLINE: EVIDENCE FROM SAVINGS BANKS IN KOREA
Authors: CHOI HYOSOON , SOHN WOOK
Published: June 2013

This paper investigates whether regulatory forbearance for savings banks in Korea affects the market discipline of depositors using data from 2000 to 2010, which are characterized by a series of exits of savings banks. We find that depositors' sensitivity to the savings banks' asset quality decreases when there is regulatory forbearance for failing savings banks. This forbearance effect is also observed in the behavior of the depositors of the neighboring savings banks in the same business area. These results suggest that regulatory forbearance may cause depositors to misjudge bank risks, increasing the expected costs of bank failure. (JEL G21, G28)
Caspase‐6 as a novel early target in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: LeBlanc Andrea C.
Published: June 2013

A recent paradigm shift appears to be underway on what scientists believe to be the cause of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The amyloid hypothesis has dominated the field of basic research for the last 25 years, and although these massive efforts have culminated in efficient removal of amyloid from the brains of patients, the absence of beneficial effects for the patient have been greatly disappointing. This has created a shift in the focus on amyloid to a much greater focus on Tau protein, in the hope that preventing tangle formation may inhibit or delay the progression of AD. Although there are promising developments in this area of research, diversifying our efforts to identify novel early targets by understanding the upstream molecular mechanisms that lead to, or occur with, neurofibrillary tangle and plaque formation may provide more efficient therapies against AD. Among many areas in development, an emphasis on the role of caspase‐6 (Casp6) activity in early neurodegenerative mechanisms brings hope of a novel target against AD. Casp6 activity is intimately associated with the pathologies that define AD, correlates well with lower cognitive performance in aged individuals, and is involved in axonal degeneration in several cellular and in vivo animal models. This is a review of the evidence showing the relevance of Casp6 activation as an early event that could be inhibited to prevent the progression of AD.
Carbon isotopes and lipid biomarkers from organic‐rich facies of the Shuram Formation, Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Lee C. , Fike D. A. , Love G. D. , Sessions A. L. , Grotzinger J. P. , Summons R. E. , Fischer W. W.
Published: June 2013

The largest recorded carbon isotopic excursion in Earth history is observed globally in carbonate rocks of middle Ediacaran age. Known from the Sultanate of Oman as the ‘Shuram excursion’, this event records a dramatic, systematic shift in δ13Ccarbonate values to ca. −12‰. Attempts to explain the nature, magnitude and origin of this excursion include (i) a primary signal resulting from the protracted oxidation of a large dissolved organic carbon reservoir in seawater, release of methane from sediment‐hosted clathrates, or water column stratification; and (ii) a secondary signal from diagenetic processes. The compositions and isotope ratios of organic carbon phases during the excursion are critical to evaluating these ideas; however, previous work has focused on localities that are low in organic carbon, hindering straightforward interpretation of the observed time‐series trends. We report carbon isotope data from bulk organic carbon, extracted bitumen and kerogen, in addition to lipid biomarker data, from a subsurface well drilled on the eastern flank of the South Oman Salt Basin, Sultanate of Oman. This section captures Nafun Group strata through the Ediacaran–Cambrian boundary in the Ara Group and includes an organic‐rich, deeper‐water facies of the Shuram Formation. Despite the high organic matter contents, the carbon isotopic compositions of carbonates – which record a negative δ13C isotope excursion similar in shape and magnitude to sections elsewhere in Oman – do not covary with those of organic phases (bulk TOC, bitumen and kerogen). Paired inorganic and organic δ13C data only display coupled behaviour during the latter part of the excursion's recovery. Furthermore, lipid biomarker data reveal that organic matter composition and source inputs varied stratigraphically, reflecting biological community shifts in non‐migrated, syngenetic organic matter deposited during this interval.
Making guests, making ‘liveliness’: the transformative substances and sounds of Manggarai hospitality
Authors: ALLERTON CATHERINE
Published: June 2013

This paper analyses two key aspects of Manggarai hospitality: the making of ‘liveliness’ and the making of guests. Liveliness is an affect produced at crowded and noisy events where stimulants and food are consumed. However, being lively is also an interpersonal quality demonstrated in everyday visiting. Having outlined the significance of liveliness, I examine the transformative role of hospitality substances and sounds in three key event‐types: those for affines, for wage labourers, and for spirits. I show how ‘making guests’ involves the entanglement of food, bodily substance, money, and speech, and allows important but potentially difficult exchanges to take place.

Le présent article analyse deux aspects essentiels de l'hospitalité chez les Manggarai : faire de la « vivacité » et faire des invités. La vivacité est un affect produit lors d'événements bruyants, regroupant de nombreux participants, où l'on consomme des stimulants et de la nourriture. Mais être vivace, c'est aussi une qualité interpersonnelle qui se manifeste par des visites quotidiennes. Après avoir souligné l'importance de la vivacité, l'auteure examine le rôle transformatif des substances et des sons de l'hospitalité dans trois grands types d'événements : pour les proches, pour les employés et pour les esprits. Elle montre comment « faire des invités » suppose une imbrication de la nourriture, de la substance corporelle, de l'argent et de la parole et permet à des échanges importants mais potentiellement difficiles d'avoir lieu.
Life during wartime: aspirational kinship and the management of insecurity
Authors: McGovern Mike
Published: June 2013

This article explores the ways that the institution of the avunculate has been used as an idiom for negotiating forced displacement, dispossession, and insecurity in the forested region where modern‐day Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Côte d'Ivoire converge. The essay analyses the ways that the rights and responsibilities that inhere in the MB‐ZS relationship are both invoked ‘aspirationally’ by those with no prior link of kinship and parried by those who should in principle be bound by them. This degree of play suggests that the avunculate in this region is best understood as one of several idioms used to legitimate claims made on others, often in times of uncertainty and instability. Rather than treat this relationship as an always‐already existing social institution, the article suggests that it is also the product of a historical experience of persistent warfare, displacement, and flight.
Free speech and civil discourse: producing expats, locals, and migrants in theUAE English‐language blogosphere
Authors: Vora Neha
Published: June 2013

This article examines the production of belonging and exclusion on a popularEnglish‐language blog in theUnitedArabEmirates. TheUAE, and particularly the emirate ofDubai, has a large majority foreign resident population, which has little to no access to official citizenship. However, I argue that foreign residents narrate and perform belonging on various scales, including through the production of on‐line ‘publics’. As I explore in this article, the differences between citizens and non‐citizens are not simply imported into on‐line spaces, but on‐line spaces and the interactions within them are constitutive of differentiated resident identities. In particular, I explore how theUAE English‐language blogosphere is a space for state criticism, assertions of belonging, and interactions by and between groups of people that are not readily available in the rigidly divided social and geographical spaces ofDubai. The ability for citizens and non‐citizens to interact in these on‐line forums makes theUAEblogosphere a space where assumptions about differences between citizens, expatriates, and migrants that circulate in off‐line discourses and technologies of governance are both negotiated and rehearsed by group members and administrators.
Rethinking fakes, authenticating selves
Authors: Crăciun Magdalena
Published: June 2013

People who engage with objects that are deemed inauthentic under intellectual property laws might dismiss this classification and might ascribe different meanings to these objects. However, they cannot always disregard it, as circumstances might at any time bring this classification to the fore. In such situations, they are not only accused of deceiving others, but also derided for the deception they presumably work upon themselves. Drawing upon an ethnography of people's engagement with fake branded garments inTurkey andRomania and using theoretical perspectives on materiality and authenticity,Iargue that a reconceptualization of the fake is a dignifying resolution to this crisis of authenticity. The fake is seen as a copy that does not hide its true nature. This is further elaborated on, in light of individual agendas and approaches to the world. These objects are ‘similar enough’, ‘good enough’, and ‘famous enough’. The fake is, thus, ‘sort of something’, the approximation of the ideal. Moreover, the fake is truthful to how the world truly is, namely a place full of half‐truths and half‐measures. The fake is, therefore, ‘sort of something’, as opposed to being ‘absolutely something’, the objectification of the ideal.
Genuinely made up: camp, baroque, and other denaturalizing aesthetics in the cultural production of the real
Authors: van de Port Mattijs
Published: June 2013

The link that Jean‐Jacques Rousseau forged a long time ago between the ‘real’ and the ‘natural’ has proved to be indissoluble. Time and again, contemporary constructions of the real mobilize all that can be linked to nature. Inauthentic, by contrast, is that which is fabricated, made up, artificial, the all‐too‐evident result of human design. In Bahia, Brazil, the author encountered a completely different mode in the cultural production of the real. Analysing the performance of a Bahian drag queen who goes by the name of Gina da Mascar, the author discusses ‘camp’ and ‘baroque’ as registers that foster a sensibility for (and appreciation of) cultural forms that are ‘truly false’. He shows how the appeal of these registers – their persuasiveness, their form of truth‐telling – resonates with the sensibilities of people whose biographies are marked by radical discontinuities, and he argues that these registers might be understood as a popular articulation of the Lacanian understanding that symbolic closure is an impossibility.
The Impact of the Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR) on the Implementation of Monetary Policy
Authors: SCHMITZ STEFAN W.
Published: June 2013

This paper analyses the impact of the short‐term component of the new Basel III liquidity standards, namely the liquidity coverage ratio (LCR), on the implementation of monetary policy in the euro area. It employs a conceptual framework to investigate the interaction between the money market and monetary policy implementation. Based thereon, it argues that the isolated focus on the impact on the LCR tends to underestimate the future challenges to monetary policy implementation for two reasons: first, feedback and network dynamics exacerbate the impact of the standard; second, the ongoing crisis itself challenges monetary policy implementation in the euro area by its impact on the (perceived) arbitrage relationship between open market operations and the unsecured money market. The paper concludes by discussing potential policy reactions concerning both, the calibration of the LCR and the framework for monetary policy implementation.
Localization of Endogenous β‐Galactoside‐Binding Lectin as a Means to Distinguish Malignant from Benign Skin Tissue
Authors: LUCIA PETER SANTA , DALE WILSON B. , ALLEN HOWARD J.
Published: June 2013

The immunolocalization of a 30‐kd endogenous lectin, referred to as galaptin, was studied in various skin tumor types. Basal cell carcinomas expressed little or no galaptin, whereas nonmalignant basaloid cells, squamous cell carcinomas, melanoma, nevi, and stroma showed more prominent galaptin immuno‐staining. Therefore, the immunodetection of galaptin may aid the dermatopathologist in difficult histologic diagnosis.
Clinical Comparison of Polyglactic Acid (Vicryl) and Polytrimethylene Carbonate (Maxon) Suture Material
Authors: MOY RONALD L. , KAUFMAN ANDREW J.
Published: June 2013

Over a 1‐year period, 584 repairs of surgical defects were completed using two different synthetic absorbable sutures, polyglactic acid (Vicryl) and polytrimethylene carbonate (Maxon). No difference in scar width or postoperative complications were found between the two sutures, but polytrimethylene carbonate (Maxon) demonstrated preferable handling and tying characteristics.
Current Issues in the Performance of Mohs Micrographic Surgery
Authors: TERI McGILLIS S. , WHEELAND RONALD G. , SEBBEN JACK E.
Published: June 2013

Recently, a survey was sent to all members of the American College of Mohs Micrographic Surgery and Cutaneous Oncology concerning their performance of Mohs micrographic surgery. Responses to numerous questions regarding the daily practice of this technique revealed that many useful modifications have evolved over the years that serve to enhance the efficacy and the efficiency of the original Mohs surgical procedure. The results of this survey are presented and discussed.
Pseudocyst of the Auricle: Successful Treatment with Intracartilaginous Trichloroacetic Acid and Button Bolsters
Authors: COHEN PHILIP R. , KATZ BRUCE E.
Published: June 2013

Pseudocyst of the auricle is an asymptomatic, noninflammatory cystic swelling that typically involves the anthelix of the ear and results from an accummulation of fluid within an unlined intracartilaginous cavity. We report a patient with a recurrent pseudocyst of the auricle and describe a new surgical technique for treating this condition by applying 50% trichloroacetic acid to the intracartilaginous cavity and utilizing external button bolsters for compressive therapy. This therapeutic approach is simple to perform in the office, results in permanent resolution of the pseudocyst, preserves the normal architecture of the external ear, and provides excellent postoperative and long‐term cosmetic results.
Alar Rim Reconstruction Utilizing a Perinasal Transposition Flap Overlying a Hinged “Turn‐Down” Flap
Authors: FIELD LAWRENCE M.
Published: June 2013

Construction of the alar rim is an extremely challenging problem. Utilizing supradefect nasal tissue as a hinged “turn‐down” flap combined with perinasal tissue mobilized as an inferiorly‐based transposition flap allowed the formation of a thin and properly contoured rim configuration.
Hair Transplantation in Advanced Male Pattern Alopecia: The Role of Incisional Slit Grafting
Authors: NELSON BRUCE R. , STOUGH DOWLING B. , STOUGH D. BLUFORD , JOHNSON TIMOTHY
Published: June 2013

The technique of incisional slit grafting is described and discussed. The results of the use of this technique for hair transplantation in patients with Norwood Type VII or advanced alopecia are reported.
An Alternative for Nasal Tip Reconstruction: The Bilateral Rotation Flap
Authors: GREENBAUM STEVEN S. , GREENBAUM CHARLES H.
Published: June 2013

A large percentage of the skin tumors that dermatologic surgeons treat are located on the nose. Of these, a significant percentage are located on the nasal tip. The nasal tip is notoriously difficult to reconstruct and we present a bilateral rotation flap that may be useful in some instances for reconstruction of this area.
Chemical Peeling of Eyelids and Periorbital Area
Authors: MORROW DAVID M.
Published: June 2013

Chemical peeling promotes formation of new epidermis and new dermal collagen, resulting in skin shrinkage, reduction of wrinkling and crepe paper skin, softening of crow's feet, and, when desired, lightened eyelid color. Chemical peeling may be performed as the only eyelid procedure, simultaneously with CO2 laser surgical blepharoplasty, after healing of cold‐steel‐scalpel or CO2‐laser blepharoplasty, and as a repeated procedure to achieve maximal results.
Primary Cutaneous B‐Cell Lymphoma
Authors: WATSKY KALMAN L. , LONGLEY B. JACK , DVORETZKY ISRAEL
Published: June 2013

background
: An elderly woman with B‐cell lymphoma confined to the skin of the lower extremity was treated with combination chemotherapy and radiation therapy. She relapsed with new skin lesions outside the original radiation port that responded to additional radiation therapy and remains in remission 12 months after her last treatment.

objective
: This article investigates the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of primary cutaneous B‐cell lymphoma.

methods
: The relevant literature was researched through computer data bases and bibliographies.

results
: Patients who present with localized lesions of primary cutaneous B‐cell lymphoma have a favorable prognosis regardless of the type of therapy, although relapses may occur in the absence of systemic disease.

conclusion
: Vie advocate the use of local therapies as initial treatment in patients with localized primary cutaneous B‐cell lymphoma. J Dermatol Surg Oncol 1992;18:951–954.
Tissue Sparing Repair: A New Approach to Shorten Excisional Lines
Authors: STEWART JAMES B.
Published: June 2013

Tissue sparing repair uses primary closure to make a circular or irregular defect into a line. The resultant closure ratio is 1.5:1 without a dog‐ear defect for circular closures. Irregular defects will have different closure ratios. Two new suture techniques are used: 1) the horizontal oblique dermal suture, which approximates tissue without undermining and with minimal epidermal wound edge tension; and 1) the apex cutaneous suture, which repairs most dog‐ear defects with a suture. Tissue sparing repair may be a useful addition to primary wound closure. J Dermatol Surg Oncol 1992;18:822–826.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Evaluation Helps to Delineate a Recurrent Skin Cancer Present under the Skin Flap
Authors: ZEMTSOV ALEXANDER , REED JIM , DIXON LISA
Published: June 2013

A case of recurrent squamous cell carcinoma under a skin flap as confirmed and delineated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is described. This report illustrates a potentially new indication for MRI in clinical dermatology, namely, to define skin cancer recurrences under skin flaps and grafts and to determine the extent of underlying tissue involvement. The cost‐effectiveness of MRI and the use of gadolinium, an MRI contrast agent, in the evaluation of skin tumors are also addressed.
Cumulative Sunlight Exposure and the Risk of Developing Skin Cancer in Florida
Authors: SCHMIEDER GEORGE J. , YOSHIKAWA TAKESHI , MATA SUSAN M. , STREILEIN J. WAYNE , TAYLOR J. RICHARD
Published: June 2013

Epidemiologic evidence suggests that the risk of developing skin cancer is higher in certain geographic regions where sunlight is excessive. Even in such high risk regions, two distinct populations of long‐term residents exist: people with, and people without skin cancer. We have compared the quantitative lifetime sunlight exposure between 11 nonmelanoma skin cancer patients who have lived in South Florida for 23.7 ± 5.1 years and 9 age‐matched normal, healthy individuals who have lived in South Florida for 23.4 ± 4.1 years. An estimation of personal cumulative sunlight exposure was determined for each subject from data collected through detailed interviews. We found that there was no detectable, significant quantitative difference in cumulative sunlight exposure during life between these two groups. Because these individuals had previously been phenotyped for the effects of ultraviolet‐B (UVB) radiation on induction of contact hypersensitivity, our results suggest that UVB‐susceptibility may be a better indicator of skin cancer risk than cumulative lifetime sunlight exposure. Thus, although there is little doubt that sunlight exposure is an important factor in the development of skin cancer, our results emphasize the importance of host genetic factors in the pathogenesis of this disease.
Autografting and PUVA A Combination Therapy for Vitiligo
Authors: SKOUGE JOHN W. , MORISON WARWICK L. , DIWAN RENUKA V. , ROTTER STEVEN
Published: June 2013

A novel approach to the management of vitiligo is described using a combination of epidermal autografts transplanted into the depigmented areas and psoralen‐ultraviolet‐A (PUVA) therapy. Epidermal autografts can be obtained rapidly and in large numbers using a device that combines the synergistic effects of suction and heat on the skin. Subsequent exposure to PUVA therapy promotes spread of pigmentation out of the grafts resulting in even and complete pigmentation. In certain situations, the combination therapy appears to offer the potential for avoiding the disadvantages of both of the two treatments when they are used alone. This article presents our preliminary work in the development of the methodology for this combined approach. J Dermatol Surg Oncol 1992:18:357–360
Keloids and Hypertrophic Scars
Authors: NEMETH ALBERT J.
Published: June 2013

background. Keloids and hypertrophic scars are benign fibrous growths which usually occur after trauma in predisposed individuals. Their etiology, clinical manifestations and treatment are diverse.

objective. The purpose of this article is to review the pertinent literature concerning keloids and hypertrophic scars as well as present my own perspective on the subject. It is my hope that the information contained herein will help both the dermatologist and dermatologic surgeon better understand and manage these vexing lesions.

methods. Medline literature search as well as original material.

results. There is no one right way to treat all keloids and hypertrophic scars. Treatment results have been variable.

conclusion. The management of keloids and hypertrophic scars can be difficult and frustrating for both patient and physician. A better understanding of keloid pathogenesis may lead to improved therapies by which keloid growth and regrowth may be obviated.
Scalp Lifting
Authors: BRANDY DOMINIC A.
Published: June 2013

BACKGROUND. This article reviews the author's 8‐year experience with extensive scalp‐lifting, which includes 1,230 cases.

OBJECTIVE. To overview extensive scalp‐lifting paying particular attention to the areas of complications and the ways to reduce them.

METHOD. Retrospective analysis of 1,230 cases was done. Necrosis, infection, hematoma, numbness, and scarring were evaluated.

RESULTS. 1) Vertical incision occipital artery ligatory should be performed 4 to 8 weeks prior to a scalp lift. 2) Use a delay procedure prior to a frontoparietal advancement flap. 3) Use only lateral lifts on patients with prior punch‐grafting. 4) Locate the temporal arteries preoperatively with Doppler ultrasonography. 5) Do not perform frontoparietal advancement flaps on patients with prior punch‐grafts.

CONCLUSION. Scalp lifting is an extremely effective and expedient method to treat alopecia; however, certain precautionary measures must be taken to obtain excellent, consistent results.
Chronic Tissue Expansion
Authors: COLLINS SCOTT A. B. , SWANSON NEIL A.
Published: June 2013

BACKGROUND. Chronic tissue expansion is an extremely useful addition to the dermatologic surgeon's skills.

OBJECTIVE. To review chronic tissue expansion.

METHODS. The relavent literature is summarized. Two case histories are presented as examples of the utility of chronic tissue expansion.

RESULTS. The history of tissue expansion is briefly reviewed. Indications pertinent to the practice of dermatologic surgery are discussed. The devices themselves are described, as well as new experimental advances. The general procedure for utilizing tissue expanders is outlined, as well as relevant histologic changes that occur in expanded skin. Both common and rare complications are covered, with attention to prevention.

CONCLUSION. Chronic tissue expansion provides an excellent means for obtaining extra tissue for cosmetic and reconstructive surgery.
The Polymerase Chain Reaction
Authors: SNOW JOHN L. , SNOW KAREN , PITTELKOW MARK R.
Published: June 2013

Within the space of the last 5 years, application of the revolutionary in vitro method of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) amplification known as the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), has become ubiquitous. The rapidly increasing number of clinical and research articles utilizing this technology, both in the dermatologic and general medical literature, requires one to have at least a basic understanding of how the PCR is conducted, what it has to offer, and the potential shortcomings. Such knowledge will hopefully allow a more critical appraisal of an increasingly complex literature. This review aims to describe the methodology and medical applications of this powerful technique with special consideration to the increasing role PCR may have on dermatologic research and practice.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES. After studying the following article, participants should be able to:

Show an understanding of the scientific principles underlying the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and its variants.

Distinguish the different clinical applications of the PCR.

Show an awareness of the limitations and possible pitfalls of PCR's clinical applications.
A Simple Cryo‐Technique for the Treatment of Cutaneous Soft Fibromas
Authors: Monfrecola G. , Riccio G. , Viola L. , Procaccini E.M.
Published: June 2013

objective. We propose a simple cryo‐technique for the treatment of cutaneous soft fibromas.

methods. This method, useful for fibromas larger than 4–5 mm in diameter, allows the freezing of the only soft fibroma without affecting the surrounding skin.

results. The technique shows the following advantages: it is simple to perform, it avoids local anesthesia, and it can be used in pacemaker holders.

conclusion. The cosmetic results are very good.
Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy
Authors: NENNHAUS H. PETER
Published: June 2013

background: There are no previous reports addressing a link between leg ulcers and the reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) Syndrome.

objective: The purpose of this study was to define the incidence and characteristics of a possible RSD leg ulcer syndrome.

methods: Leg ulcers encountered in private practice were retrospectively analyzed for the presence of 12 clinical features (“special traits”), four of them because of their known association with RSD, and eight because they were suspected of resulting from vasospastic ischemia.

results: Among 111 ulcer episodes, 35 (31.5%) were associated with RSD, 14 (12.6%) with arteriosclerosis obliterans, and 62 (55.9%) were caused by pure venous insufficiency. The mean score of “special traits” was 5.03 in the RSD category, 2.57 in the arteriosclerosis obliterans category, and 1.66 in pure venous insufficiency cases.

conclusion: It is concluded that an RSD leg ulcer syndrome does indeed exist and that it is common and easy to diagnose. Verification by prospective studies is called for.