bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stenosi aortica, un problema ad alta prevalenza e morbilità
Authors: Boccanelli Alessandro
Published: December 2022

L’aumento dell’età media della popolazione a cui si è assistito negli ultimi 40 anni ha reso epidemiologicamente rilevanti le valvulopatie degenerative, tra cui la Stenosi Valvolare Aortica (SAV). La diagnosi precoce di questa condizione può consentire di allungare anche non di poco la vita dei pazienti e sicuramente migliorarne la qualità. Una causa possibile della sottodiagnosi della SAV è la scarsa consapevolezza del peso epidemiologico della malattia. La prevalenza della SAV moderata-severa nella popolazione generale tra i 70 e i 75 anni è di circa il 2%, crescente con l’età. La sclerosi valvolare aortica, premessa per lo sviluppo nel tempo di SAV, è presente nel 34% della popolazione oltre i 65 anni. Nei pazienti asintomatici con SAV moderata-severa, durante un periodo di follow up medio di 2 anni circa, il 39,4% sviluppa sintomi tali da giustificare la sostituzione valvolare. Circa il 50% dei pazienti con SAV da moderata a severa non riferisce sintomi. In letteratura, il rischio di morte improvvisa nella fase silente della SAV varia dallo 0,25% al 1,7% per anno. È molto frequente che i pazienti con SAV riferiscano con ritardo i propri sintomi. Se si considera una mortalità annua del 30% in presenza di sintomi, il loro riconoscimento precoce e il tempestivo avvio a sostituzione protesica sono fondamentali Da queste considerazioni emerge la necessità di una diagnosi precoce e possibilmente ad uno stadio di minore gravità, attraverso campagne di screening istituzionale.
Terapia dell’ipertensione arteriosa polmonare: dubbi e certezze
Authors: Grosso Marra Walter , Cannillo Margherita , Lonni Enrica
Published: December 2022

L’ipertensione arteriosa polmonare è una malattia rara, caratterizzata da incremento delle pressioni nel circolo arterioso polmonare. In passato tale patologia era considerata incurabile, ma grazie alla scoperta di nuove molecole farmacologiche, e soprattutto grazie a un approccio terapeutico basato su alcuni punti chiave (terapia precoce, che agisce su più vie, guidata dal raggiungimento dei target terapeutici) la morbilità e la mortalità si sono ridotte. Le ultime linee guida hanno introdotto alcune importanti novità.
Il Betablocco: dalle consolidate evidenze dei trial ad una scelta terapeutica ragionata nella attuale pratica clinica
Authors: Cersosimo Angelica , Bianchi Alfio , Maggi Antonio , Raddino Riccardo
Published: December 2022

L’attivazione a lungo termine del sistema nervoso simpatico gioca un ruolo importante nella progressione dello scompenso cardiaco e nel rischio di morte improvvisa. Il ruolo del beta-bloccanti nei pazienti con insufficienza cardiaca rappresenta la pietra miliare della terapia dello scompenso cardiaco attraverso i risultati di molteplici studi. I beta-bloccanti migliorano significativamente la funzione ventricolare, la morbilità e la mortalità. Pertanto, questi farmaci devono essere somministrati con cautela e successivamente titolata la dose poiché all’inizio si assiste ad un peggioramento transitorio dei sintomi. Una volta iniziato il trattamento e raggiunto il dosaggio di mantenimento, il trattamento deve essere continuato al dosaggio massimo tollerato dal paziente. In questa review si discuterà del ruolo dei BB, dai risultati dei primi trial alla pratica clinica quotidiana.
Wastewater Sequencing using the EasySeq™ RC-PCR SARS CoV-2 (Nimagen) V3.0 v3
Authors: T Child Harry
Published: December 2022

This SOP describes the procedure for generating cDNA libraries from SARS-CoV-2 viral nucleic acid extracts from wastewater samples using an adaptation of the Nimagen EasySeq™ SARS-CoV-2 Protocol v4.01 (https://www.nimagen.com/gfx/Covid19/protcol_NimaGen_covid_wgs_v401.pdf). Version 2.0 of this protocol is an update to accommodate the change to using lyophilized indexes in the EasySeq™ RC-PCR SARS-CoV-2 (novel coronavirus) Whole Genome Sequencing Kit (NimaGen, SKU: RC-COV096). Updates to the SARS-CoV-2 WGS Panel probe mixes have also been made (currently v4.02) to improve coverage of new dominant variants of concern (VoCs), although these can be used with no change to this protocol. For the latest BED files containing primer details for analysis, check the download section of https://www.nimagen.com/covid19. Version 3.0 includes a minor update to the options for post PCR cleanup, following optimization of the composition of the AmpliCleanTM beads provided with the kit by NimaGen. Additionally, advice is provided for sequencing poor quality libraries resulting from a high proportion of SARS-CoV-2 negative samples. The first step of this protocol is an addition to the original method, which aims to remove any PCR inhibitors from extracted RNA samples and potentially concentrate the RNA further, before carrying out reverse transcription to cDNA. During the second step, which follows the original EasySeq™ SARS-CoV-2 Protocol v4.01, with some minor modifications, reverse complement PCR is performed using a panel of probes that will generate tiled amplicons covering the whole SARS-CoV-2 genome. The final step involves an improved library clean up that will remove unused/unincorporated PCR probes, which will be more abundant in samples that contain low viral RNA concentrations such as those from wastewater.
Successful Approaches to Integrated Water Resources Management: A Mini Review
Authors:   River Engineering and Urban Drainage Research Centre, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kampus Kejuruteraan, Seri Ampangan, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia, Yusof Zuriyati , Saad Noor Aida ,   River Engineering and Urban Drainage Research Centre, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kampus Kejuruteraan, Seri Ampangan, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
Published: December 2022

River basins must be handled in a comprehensive and integrated way. To achieve that, Integrated River Basin Management (IRBM) is a strong concept that will increasingly win discussions on natural resource management. IRBM focuses on the integration and coordination of policies, programs and practices. It focuses on problems relating to water and rivers. It advocates for improved skills and increased financial, legislative, management and political will. Many developed countries have expanded strongly functional and stable institutions for IRBM. These structural models have developed through the years, and are being gradually imposed and encouraged by policymakers and funders in developing countries. The main goal of this research is to identify and combine the main goals, concepts, effective practice examples and lesson learned of Integrated River Basin Management that emerged from the best practices management of River Thames in United Kingdom, European Unions’ Water Framework Directive, IWRM Canada and Malaysia. This research’s methodological approach compares the implementation structure of IWRM in four countries. The countries were chosen based on their numerous efforts in the field of water resource management. This is a practical water management framework focused on a holistic view of society’s goals integrated into good governance and sustainable development concepts. It also explains the advantages of expanding the idea behind IWRM core concepts.
Systematic Review on Research Trends on Sensor-Based Leak Detection Methods in Water Distribution Systems
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia, Shirajuddin Talhah Mohamad , Muhammad Nur Shazwani ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia, Abdullah Jazuri ,   School of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: December 2022

A substantial amount of treated water is lost every year due to leakages in water distribution systems. Leakages can be identified and reduced using leakage detection methods, which can be broadly split into computer-based and sensor-based methods. This systematic review focuses on trends in sensor-based leakage detection methods published between 2000 and 2019, following the methodology proposed by PRISMA 2009 (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalyses). We conducted a database search using Scopus, obtaining a total of 78 relevant article papers. We categorized the articles based on the primary leakage detection methods discussed, yielding 33 article papers on acoustic methods, 31 article papers on non-acoustic methods, and the remaining article papers on wireless sensor networks (WSN). The highest number of article papers were published in the “Journal of Sound and Vibration”. Between 2000 and 2007 we observed that acoustic leak detection methods were the most widely researched methods within the published literature. After 2008, non-acoustic leak detection methods became more prominent, subsequently followed by an increase in research focusing on WSNs. During the transition period between acoustic methods and WSNs, non-acoustic leak detection methods started to emerge, showing promising results in detecting leakages. Research interest in WSNs substantially increased in 2016. The application of WSN methods for leakage detection shows a promising advancement in sensor-based leakage detection methods and opportunities for improvement in the future.
Effectiveness of Traffic Management at Kajang SILK Highway
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Mat Yazid Muhamad Razuhanafi , Abu Taib Kamarudin ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Mohd Fauzi Rasyidah Solehah ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Abdul Rashid Nurul Aisyah ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Bastam Mukhlis Nahriri ,   Universitas Bina Darma Palembang, South Sumatra, Indonesia
Published: December 2022

The traffic management centre is a place of operational monitoring and supervision activities at all highways under the Malaysian Highway Authority. The purpose of this centre is to help gather and disseminate information related to traffic to the users. The information presented by them is accurate and constantly updated from time to time. However, are highway users in Malaysia aware of the existence of this traffic management centre? How can traffic management centre help them to determine their travel times and fast routes especially during the festive seasons? Therefore, researchers have outlined some of the objectives to assist in obtaining information about this study. The main objective of this study is to measure the level of consumer awareness of the highway traffic management centre. In addition, the second objective of this study is to examine the factors causing traffic congestion. Besides, researchers also want to investigate the drivers’ attitudes during the congestion which will lead to an accident and congestion and thus propose measures to raise the level of awareness and measures that can be taken to reduce traffic congestion. The technique used to carry out this study is a fuzzy conjoint model. The questionnaire distributed will be administered by the researcher himself. The level of consumer awareness will be measured through the likert scale which uses fuzzy linguistic variables such as one to five scale (never, sometimes, uncertain, ever, always). This study is conducted on users who use the Kajang SILK highway through the Toll Plaza Sg. Ramal. At the end of the study, the researcher hoped that this study would help the authorities, especially the Malaysian Highway Authority and other management in improving the traffic management centre.
Evaluation on Crack Pattern of Concrete Masonry Wall Column
Authors:   Faculty of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Pulau Pinang, 13500, Permatang Pauh, Pulau Pinang, MALAYSIA, Hasan Daliah , Took Kowng Prof Madya Ir Dr Sooi ,   Faculty of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Pulau Pinang, 13500, Permatang Pauh, Pulau Pinang, MALAYSIA, Mohd Salleh Nabil Fikri ,   Faculty of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Pulau Pinang, 13500, Permatang Pauh, Pulau Pinang, MALAYSIA, Abdul Hamid Mohd Samsudin ,   Faculty of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Pulau Pinang, 13500, Permatang Pauh, Pulau Pinang, MALAYSIA, Musir Adhilla Ainun ,   Faculty of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Pulau Pinang, 13500, Permatang Pauh, Pulau Pinang, MALAYSIA
Published: December 2022

In recent years, concrete masonry unit (CMU) structures have been widely used in rural areas of Malaysia. However, it was found to have a poor performance of masonry wall-column regarding to the failure and crack behaviour. This research work presents the investigation and study on the cracking behaviour of concrete masonry wall-column structure. The results from this study will provide a significant understanding of the crack and failure of local in-filled reinforced CMU wallcolumn. The experimental work involved investigating the failure and crack pattern of CMU wall-column under axial loads performance. The experimental outcomes outlined that reinforced CMU wall-column under axial loading it failed usually due to the cracking caused by a breakdown of the bond between the masonry blocks and the mortar. Therefore, cracking is not due to the tensile failure of the units themselves or of the mortar itself.
Effect of Dental Implant Micro-thread Designs on Stress Distribution In Bone-Implant Interface
Authors:   Fracture and Damage Mechanic Research Group, School of Mechatronic Enginnering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP),  Pauh Putra Campus, 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia, Tan S. C. , Ibrahim I. ,   Fracture and Damage Mechanic Research Group, School of Mechatronic Enginnering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP),  Pauh Putra Campus, 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia, Daud R. ,   Fracture and Damage Mechanic Research Group, School of Mechatronic Enginnering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP),  Pauh Putra Campus, 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia, Kamarrudin N. S. ,   Fracture and Damage Mechanic Research Group, School of Mechatronic Enginnering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP),  Pauh Putra Campus, 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
Published: December 2022

Dental implants have been used in replacing broken or damaged teeth. There are failures after the operation was done due to lack of primary stability. Through improving the design of the dental implant, primary stability can be achieved. The aim of the study is to analyse the stress distribution at bone-implant interface due to different micro-thread designs. Five types of two-dimension micro-thread shapes dental implant embedded in bone cube are modeled in ANSYS APDL R3. The microthread shapes are Straight, Square, V-shaped, Buttress and Reverse Buttress. The models are meshed using element Quad 8-node 183. 106.066N of horizontal force and vertical force are applied on each model to find out the stress distribution pattern and peak Von Mises stress. The study found that micro-thread shapes changed the stress distribution on implant and bone. The peak Von Mises stress was located at the first micro-thread. Cortical bone took large portion of stress compared to cancellous bone. Square micro-thread has the best stress distribution pattern.
Studying the Effect of Fatigue and Sleepiness of Long-Haul Truck Drivers on Road Accidents by Adopting Structural Equation Models Analysis
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran, Shams Zhaleh , Sanij Hamed Khani ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran, Afshani Alireza ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran, Ramezani-Khansari Ehsan ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran, Nejad Fereidoon Moghadas ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran, Olazar Martin ,   Department of Chemical Engineering, University of the Basque Country, Bilbao, Spain
Published: December 2022

The significant increase in transportation and heavy vehicle traffic has caused freeway routes with heavy traffic to face a decrease in safety levels. Furthermore, fatigue and sleepiness are proven to be two of the main reasons of road accidents, and therefore focus on these issues is crucial. Factors such as “use of engineering (safety) technology for road transport”, “informing the drivers on various educational methods”, “controlling the drivers’ work hours”, “use of different routes (alignment inconsistency)” and “observing the drivers’ mental health” should be approached to reduce the accidents caused by fatigue and sleepiness. Given the complex interrelationships between these variables and the number of road accidents, structural equation modelling has been used in this study to estimate the effect and relationships between multiple variables. Data were collected during a 5-month period by interviewing heavy vehicle drivers (2765 filled-out questionnaires). The Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) has also been used to ascertain the validity of the questionnaires. The mentioned factors affecting the drivers’ fatigue were analyzed using SPSS 24.0 package, which allowed ascertaining that the drivers’ mental health is the factor of greater influence on road accidents caused by fatigue and drowsiness. Therefore, actions to improve the drivers’ mental and emotional health (by improving the currently used engineering (safety) technology and alignment inconsistency) should be enhanced rather than excessive controls on the drivers’ work hours by using GPS, work papers and inspections.
Introduction of Hands-On Session Using Kolb Experiential Learning Theory Approach in Teaching Chemical Instrumentation Subject
Authors:   Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43650 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia, Noorashikin M.S. , Beh S.Y ,   Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43650 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia, Nur Atiqah N.W.N. ,   Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43650 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia, Nurfaradilla M.N ,   Faculty of Education, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43650 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia., Farhanini Y. ,   Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
Published: December 2022

Chromatography is a high-technology instrument that is widely used in the various in the various industry for decades. Hence, Science Bachelor Graduates’ that possesses ability to handle instrumentation are useful for their job nature. Learning approach that depends highly on lecture mode only enhance students’ knowledge on chromatographic techniques, but they might not possess skills on instruments handling. Therefore, the learning approach of Chemical Instrumentation Method (KKKR5833) subject using a Kolb Experiental Learning Theory are running by hybrid mode of lecture and handson teaching approach on chromatography. A total of 16 registered students were the respondent of this study. These students had been given lecture on the theoretical part of chromatography and later on, in agreement with the experiential learning theories, student will experience hands-on learning activity in HPLC laboratory session. Finally, a full report after completing the hands-on session for their overall experience in laboratory. Majority of the students that took this elective subject agreed that hands-on experience of using chromatography increases their knowledge on it and mastering the preparation of sample skill is very useful while 50% of the students put more effort in this subject and manage to score excellently. Moreover, majority graduate student express agreement that basic knowledge and skills on chromatographic is important before working and indicated that students with knowledge and skills on chromatographic instrumentation have higher chance of employment. This statement also agreed by respondent from industries. This prove that hands-on teaching and learning approach in laboratory using chromatography instrument able to enhance knowledge and student skills.
Trust Building Mechanisms in Online Health Communities and Their Impact on Information Adoption and Close Relationship Formation
Authors: Liu Xin , Bush Ashley
Published: December 2022

This study conceptually replicates Fan and Lederman’s (2018) work on trust formation mechanisms in online health communities (OHCs). Social capital theory sets the framework for the research. Contextualized in online health communities (OHCs), it is the content contributors’ task to demonstrate trustworthiness by showing the credibility of the posted content in their previous postings. In contrast, the recipients, rather than the contributors, have to initially perceive trustworthiness in the sense of traditional social capital theory. We adopted the model, hypotheses, measurement, and statistical methods from the original study conducted by Fan and Lederman in 2018. Three out of nine hypotheses in our replication are not consistent with the original study results. The inconsistencies primarily lie in the antecedents of two types of trust. We discuss possible explanations for these discrepancies and suggest additional data and statistical tests to validate our replication results.
Government debt accumulation and non-performing loans: An ARDL bounds testing approach
Authors: Karadima Maria , Louri Helen
Published: December 2022

Following the financial and debt crises in the euro area and the global COVID pandemic, governments supported their economies by increasing borrowing and accumulating debt with ambiguous long-run effects on non-performing loans (NPLs). We empirically investigate the determinants of NPLs using quarterly (2003Q1-2020Q2) aggregate data for Greece and applying the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach. We offer new policy-making relevant evidence by showing that government debt has a significant and positive long-term impact on NPLs irrespective of possible short-term dynamics that appear to provide a temporary relief. Fiscal balance, on the contrary, exerts a negative long-term effect justifying the quest for surpluses post-COVID.
The fiscal and tax policies on the development of GMOs for agriculture in China: retrospect, status quo and prospect
Authors: Wuyao Weng , Yuqiao Zhang
Published: December 2022

The authors study the fiscal and tax policies on GMOs for agriculture in China, mainly focusing on income tax and value added tax, in order to analyze how the polices implement Chinas GMO strategy in the field of agriculture, reflect the development history of GMOs for agriculture in China and give suggestions on perfection for future policies based on Chinas GMO strategy.

Firstly, the authors illustrate Chinas past and present strategy for GMO technology application. As a whole, China permits the technical research on GMOs for agriculture, promotes very cautiously the related industrialization, and attaches great importance to safety supervision.

Secondly, by examining the past and present fiscal and tax policies relating to the above-mentioned GMO strategy, the basic features of Chinas policies are as follows: in terms of fiscal policy, the financial funds have been invested in GMO development and supervision in a bidirectional and balanced way; in terms of tax policy, there are some tax incentives, but the ones solely for GMO development and supervision are few.

Finally, the fiscal and tax policies are important and necessary tool to implement GMO strategy. Chinas future fiscal and tax policies need to be adapted to the future GMO strategy at issue.
Molecular genetic and bioinformatic approaches for the allele reconstruction of the rolB/C-like gene in representatives of the genus Vaccinium L.
Authors: Zhidkin Roman R. , Zhurbenko Peter M. , Gorodilova Elizabeth Yu. , Matveeva Tatiana V.
Published: December 2022

Agrobacterium mediated transformation is one of the most studied examples of horizontal gene transfer between pro- and eukaryotes. During this process a part of the Ti-plasmid T-DNA is transferred into the plant cell genome. These sequences could be preserved in the genomes during evolution and inherited in a series of sexual generations. Such plants are described within the genus Vaccinium L. [1]. Our research team is currently analyzing natural transgenes in V. oxycoccos L., V. japonicum Miq., V. conchophyllum Rehder, V. emarginatum Hayata, V. myrtilloides Michx., V. virgatum Ait., V. corymbosum L., V. darrowii Camp, V. smallii A. Gray, V. praestans Lamb., V. ovalifolium Sm., V. myrtillus L., V. uliginosum L., V. vitis-idaea L. Previously, analyzing the natural transgenes in another genus (Camellia L.) [2], we showed the importance of reconstructing the allelic states of transgenes for phylogenetic studies. In this paper, we present a comprehensive approach for studying the allelic state of the rolB/C-like gene in plants of the genus Vaccinium. It combines molecular genetic and bioinformatic research methods. Molecular genetic methods involve Sanger sequencing of a gene sequence in a large number of samples, while for each sample the sequence is presented as a set of polymorphic positions in binary form. Allele resolution occurs based on the description of alleles in homozygotes and a series of subtractions of known alleles in heterozygous samples. The second method involves the analysis of SRA (Sequence Read Archive) sequences available in the databases. SRA is a repository of high-throughput sequencing raw data. Based on our work, we can conclude that both of these approaches make it possible to describe the allelic state of the rolB/C-like gene in representatives of the genus Vaccinium. The work was performed using the equipment of the Resource Center of Saint Petersburg State University Development of Molecular and Cellular Technologies with the support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation in accordance with agreement No. 075-15-2022-322 dated 04/22/2022 on the provision of a grant in the form of a subsidy from the Federal budget of the Russian Federation. The grant was provided as part of the state support for the creation and development of the world-class Scientific Center Agrotechnologies for the Future.
Composite plants of cucumber and buckwheat as a tool to study auxin distribution and transport in the root system
Authors: Ilina Elena L. , Kiryushkin Alexey S. , Puchkova Vera A. , Demchenko Kirill N.
Published: December 2022

Genetic transformation of most dicotyledonous plants by Rhizobium rhizogenes (also known as Agrobacterium rhizogenes) results in production of composite plants plants consisting of wild-type shoot and transgenic root system. Composite plants are the suitable model for investigation of hormonal mechanisms related to development of the root system as regulatory links between the root system and the shoot maintains in such plants.

In most plants initiation of lateral root primordia occurs above the elongation zone [1]. However, in cucurbits and some other species, including important cereal crop buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench), lateral root primordia initiation and development occurs in the apical meristem of the parental root [2, 3].

The phytohormone auxin is a key regulator of lateral root development. Fusions of auxin-responsive promoters and reporter genes can be used to study the role of auxin in the development of root system of non-model plants such as cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and buckwheat [4].

The agrobacterium mediated transformation technique of cucurbits [5] has been adapted for buckwheat. R. rhizogenes strain R1000 was used in all transformations. Set of binary vectors based on pKGW-RR-MGW or pKGW-MGW was developed to study auxin response maxima (DR5::mNeonGreen) or auxin transport (fusions of genes encoding auxin efflux proteins PIN and mNeonGreen).

Pattern of auxin response maxima was similar in both species and included quiescent center and initial cells, columella, xylem cell files and lateral root primordia on all stages of development. Members of CsPIN1 (CsPINb and CsSoPIN1) group contributed unequally in generation of auxin maximum required for lateral root primordium initiation.

The research was supported by the RFBR grant 20-016-00233-a.
Beneficios económicos de la transformación digital de los servicios públicos: el caso de la ciudad de Sao Paulo
Authors: Pizzolato Gonçalves Bruna , Venijio Maggion Rafael
Published: December 2022

La transformación digital de los servicios públicos es una estrategia del Gobierno federal brasileño que fue acompañada de iniciativas desarrolladas en estados y municipios; el caso de la ciudad de Sao Paulo se destaca como una de las principales referencias del país entre esas iniciativas. Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar y medir los beneficios económicos generados, tanto para la administración municipal como para la sociedad, gracias a la transformación digital de los servicios públicos llevada a cabo por la municipalidad de Sao Paulo. Como parte del estudio y con el fin de comparar el escenario anterior a la digitalización del servicio con el escenario posterior, se desarrolló una metodología que consideró los principales costos asociados a la atención al público y al procesamiento de una solicitud de servicio público. El análisis concluyó que la transformación digital generó una reducción media de 73,90% del costo unitario de una solicitud de servicio público para la sociedad (ciudadanos y empresas) y una reducción media de 39,90% del costo unitario de una solicitud de servicio público para la administración pública municipal. Pasados 12 meses de la transformación digital del conjunto de servicios analizados, se estima que la tasa de retorno es de R$ 27,10 por cada real invertido.
Clusters and Resilience during the COVID–19 Crisis: Evidence from Colombian Exporting Firms
Authors: Campi Mercedes , Dueñas Marco
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we characterize the geography of Colombian exporting clusters and analyze how the COVID-19 crisis has affected Colombian exporters. We contribute to the industrial clusters literature by defining exporting clusters with bipartite network analysis and community detection tools. The methodology allows us to empirically detect product clusters, which are compared with an alternative definition of industrial clusters, and to consider the centrality of firms within clusters. Then, we analyze the firms trade margins during the COVID-19 crisis to evaluate whether belonging to an exporting cluster can be a source of resilience for firms. We find that clusters do not automatically lead to higher resilience and that there are differences in how firms react to a crisis within clusters. Identifying the relevant firms characteristics can guide policymakers to activate the mechanisms that generate resilience.
Digital Health For All: Social Protection and Health Division Regional Policy Dialogue Report 2022
Authors: Nelson Jennifer , Tejerina Luis , Bagolle Alexandre , Kang Donghyun , Martinez Elisa , Orefice Pablo , Marti Myrna , Witzel Blair , Portilla Fernando , Gonzalez Morales Luis , Doane Daniel , Miguens Sergio , Casco Mario , Allende Marcos , Bernal Pedro , Bauhoff Sebastian , Pombo Cristina
Published: December 2022

The Social Protection and Health (SPH) Division of the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) held its annual Regional Policy Dialogue (RPD) Digital Health for All: Latin America and the Caribbeans golden opportunity to improve the efficiency, quality and equity of sector on September 12-14th 2022 in Panama City, Panama. The RPD brought together over 120 participants, including leaders from over 20 countries, vice-ministers of health and directors of technology and communications, and regional and global experts in digital health. The meeting sought to provide a setting to discuss what the IDB and different countries have learned in the past four years of implementation of digital health, structural challenges to scale digital health, and the measures needed to ensure that decisions made today are both sustainable and transformational. The meetings objectives broadly included discussing three topics: 1) how to ensure that digital health adds value in terms of improved efficiency, quality, and equity;2) policy considerations for linking digital health to health outcomes; and3) the future state of our region in terms of digital transformation of the health sector.This report provides an overview of the meeting, its main findings, and the steps that lie ahead on this journey.
Citizen-Led Urbanism in Latin America: Superbook of civic actions for transforming cities
Authors: Alarcón Lía , Alata Patricia , Alegre Mariana , Egger Tamara , Fassina Rosario , Hanono Analía , Huffmann Carolina , Nogales Lucía , Piedrafita Carolina
Published: December 2022

This is a publication about citizen-led urbanism processes in Latin America. It follows the recent life of a movement originating from, and driven by and for citizens, who out of a compelling love for their cities, have brought together actors from all fields to co-create new, more inclusive and equitable public space models. By using tools such as innovation, creativity and co-responsible solidarity, citizen-led urbanism has been able to complement the traditional approaches to urban planning and city governance. This publication also invites us to move from the theory and concepts that provide the rationale for citizen-led urbanism to the actual practical experiences which are helping to shape it and consolidate it as a regional movement. It thus takes us on a journey through successful projects developed in different places and contexts of Latin America and looks at the experience of the first urban innovation labs, as a means to consider the paths that may lead to new horizons of an inclusive future, in view of the challenges, both known and yet to be known, of the first half of the 21st century. In less than one decade, with their impressive diversity and vigorous urban activity, members of the citizen-led urbanism movement have brought about changes in the streets, neighborhoods and cities where they live: changes in the way of thinking of authorities and fellow citizens; changes in public policies, which have an impact not only on the urban landscape, but also on how we relate to each other through our relationship with what we call “the urban” and with ecosystems, with our individual needs and with the urgency of organizing ourselves collectively to identify solutions for the common good. This is why this book became a superbook, i.e., an extensive compilation about a fabulous collective adventure, undertaken by thousands of people whose common denominator is creativity and their will to think and do things differently. We hope it may serve as an inspiration to its readers so that they, too, may take a leading role in this story.
Una mirada fisicoquímica a la solubilidad del propano en N-formil morfolina y sulfolano
Authors: Martínez-Costa Brandon Smith
Published: December 2022

A nivel mundial el gas propano o gas licuado de petróleo (GLP) ha sido ampliamente utilizado con diversos fines, tales como gas refrigerante, combustible, calefacción; entre otros. El propano es un hidrocarburo perteneciente a la familia de las parafinas, el cual se considera soluble en algunas sustancias orgánicas. El propósito de esta reflexión es abarcar un estudio interpretativo y crítico sobre la solubilidad del propano en dos solventes orgánicos: N-formil morfolina (NFM) y sulfolano a 298.15, 313.15 y 343.15 K, teniendo en cuenta las condiciones de presión en trabajos ya culminados. Este trabajo, comprende una perspectiva fisicoquímica hacia el análisis de la presión y la temperatura como principales factores cuantitativos en los sistemas binarios propano (2) + NFM (1) y propano (2) + sulfolano (1); destacando un análisis crítico y global acerca de los parámetros de la ecuación de Krichevsky-Ilinskaya (KI). Finalmente, y bajo las condiciones establecidas, se discuten los efectos de la ecuación de estado de Peng-Robinson (PR EOS), tales como el parámetro de interacción binaria (BIP), la función alfa y algunas modificaciones de estos mismos.
Fabricación de membranas sensibles al cambio de pH para posibles usos en tratamiento de heridas cutáneas
Authors: Uribe-Herrera Lucia , Escobar-Sierra Diana Marcela , Cardona-Franco Manuela , Arango-Arroyave Laura
Published: December 2022

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo la obtención de antocianinas a partir del repollo morado (brassica oleracea) para utilizarlas como agentes indicadores de pH en membranas fabricadas a partir de cuatro biopolímeros diferentes para su posible uso en aplicaciones biomédicas. Se evaluaron parámetros de eficiencia y respuesta al pH con el fin de optimizar el proceso de extracción de las antocianinas, en el caso de las membranas se realizaron además pruebas de hinchamiento y degradación con el objetivo de realizar una comparación entre ellas. Todo el proceso estuvo sustentado mediante espectros y absorbancias medidas por espectrometría, y pruebas de comportamiento. Los resultados muestran que las membranas preparadas presentan buenas propiedades indicadoras en el rango de pH alcanzado por la piel, adecuados porcentajes de hinchamiento y tiempos de degradación que superan las 96 horas, lo que las hace útiles para un posible uso en el tratamiento de heridas cutáneas.
Techno-economic evaluation of a chromic wastewater treatment plant proposal
Authors: Pérez-Sánchez Amaury , Sánchez-González Marisabel
Published: December 2022

Wastewater treatment plants are systems that, if properly operated, can help the health of industry and the environment. In the present work, the techno-economic evaluation of a proposed chromic wastewater treatment plant with a processing capacity of 9 t of wastewater per batch was carried out, in order to determine its main profitability parameters, using SuperPro Designer® simulator v. 10. Around 6,959.90 L/batch of treated water are generated, while a total capital investment of USD $ 3,549 million and a direct fixed capital of USD $ 3,222 million are required. The item that most influences the annual operating costs is the facility-dependent costs (USD $ 345,000/year) while the reagent that most influences the material consumption annual costs is ferric chloride (USD $ 56,805/year). It was obtained a unit processing cost of USD $ 0.22/kg, an annual net profit of USD $ 486,000 and a return on investment of 22.16%. The values ​​obtained for the indicators Net Present Value (USD $ 3,361,000), Internal Rate of Return (29.61%) and Payback Time (4.51 years) allow establishing that the proposal is profitable under the current economic conditions of Cuba.
Study and Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Progressive Feed Rate on Surface Roughness in CNC End Milling Process Using RSM
Authors: Bommisetty Srinivasa Rao , Chettu Kanna Babu , Hanumanthappa Shivananda Nayaka
Published: December 2022

The objective of this research work is to investigate the influence of cutting parameters on the average surface roughness (Ra) in an end milling process. Feed rate (f), Spindle speed (s) and Depth of cut (d) are the cutting parameters considered as significant factors. A case study on the progressive feed (PF) and conventional constant feed (CF) machining characteristics of Aluminum alloy BS L168-T6511 using end milling is considered. Taguchi's design of experiments (DoE) technique is applied for various combinations of cutting factors and average surface roughness was measured using Mitutoyo surftest SJ-301 surface roughness tester. The experimental results of Ra are analyzed by response surface methodology (RSM). The predicted values using the developed regression mathematical model are compared against experimental results and were found in close agreement. ANOVA technique was applied to further analyze the data for checking the model adequacy and to predict the influence of each parameter on output response Ra. Main effect plots, Interaction plots, 3D surface plots, and Contour plots are established. The investigation reveals that output response (Ra) is predominantly affected by feed rate and progressive feed machining (PFM) yields better surface finish than the conventional constant feed machining (CFM) for the end milling.
DETECTION OF LOCAL IRREGULARITIES IN THE ROAD PAVEMENT ON THE BASIS OF WAVELET TRANSFORM OF ULTRASONIC PROFILING DATA
Authors: Stolbova A. A. , Prokhorov S. A. , Golovnin O. K.
Published: December 2022

The paper presents an approach to the detection of road pavement defects on the streets and highways based on wavelet analysis of data obtained from an ultrasonic profilometer. The approach makes it possible to determine the location of pavement defects in relation to the road lane. The results of implementing the approach using the complex Morlet wavelet and the first derivative of the Gaussian function are presented. Implementation of the approach reduces the influence of interference arising during ultrasonic diagnosis.
USING MACHINE LEARNING METHODS TO PREDICT HYDRAULIC PUMP REMAINING USEFUL LIFE
Authors: Gareyev A. M. , Prokofiev A. B. , Ryzhkova Yu. , Stadnik Dmitry
Published: December 2022

This article discusses a sampling algorithm for machine learning in order to capture the trend of the cumulative deterioration of the characteristics of a hydraulic pump (cumulative degradation), which affects the efficiency of its operation and manifests itself in the form of a drop in volumetric efficiency. To generate data, a simulation model of a typical station for the supply of working fluid in technological complexes, developed in the SimulationX program, is used. The transient processes of pressure change in the system are described, from the analysis of which a tendency of a decrease in the average component of the pressure signal is traced, which is used as a diagnostic feature - an indicator of the state of the system. An example is also considered that describes the possibility of assessing the residual life of the system based on data characterizing the past state of the system, and can be adapted when forming a more complex base, taking into account the use of artificial neural networks.
NUMERICAL STUDY OF PULSATION PRODUCTIVITY OF A LOW-FLOW GEAR PUMP
Authors: Braun E. A. , Rodionov Leonid V
Published: December 2022

This article is devoted to a numerical study of the pulsation perfor-mance of a gear pump in the Ansys CFX software package in 2D. The article presents numerical data of a prototype pump and an upgraded pump with the same specific performance. The distinctive features of the latter are a different number of teeth and a different width of the gear wheel, as well as the presence of discharge grooves.The results of calculations show the effectiveness of the proposed upgrades. Recommen-dations for the design of low-consumption pumps are offered.
Investment risk management specifics in ESG investing: CEE stock markets examining
Authors: Kaminskyi Аndrii
Published: December 2022

One of the most dynamic trends in the development of the modern market of financial investments is ESG investing. Investing which is based on the inclusion of Environmental, Social and Governance criteria into consideration. In this case, there is an actual problem of analysis mapping ESG criteria with investment risk management. This article considers specific features of inclusion ESG assessments into investment risk management. For this purpose, the S&P Global system of ESG scores was used. The assessments of market risk for both direct and portfolio investments were considered. The dichotomy between the approaches of diversification and prioritization based on ESG criteria had been identified. The article offers expansion of portfolio risk management within the framework of a three-criteria optimization model (risk, return, and ESG score based criteria). The article justifies the investment decision on the basis of construction of an effective set of pair “risk – ESG score” which provides an analogue of the classical frontier line in modern portfolio theory. The implementation of this approach was carried out to the companies included into stock index baskets of three Central and Eastern European (CEE) stock markets: Poland, Czech Republic and Hungary.

JEL classіfіcatіon: G11
Extensión del concepto de función social a la propiedad intelectual en Colombia
Authors: Rendón Corrales Santiago
Published: December 2022

La función social de la propiedad es un concepto que necesariamente se encuentra ligado con el concepto del derecho de propiedad en general y sin distinción alguna, por lo cual dicho concepto resulta extensivo a las múltiples modalidades o tipologías del derecho de propiedad. Aquel reconoce ciertas garantías e impone a su vez múltiples limitaciones en su ejercicio al titular del derecho, cambiando de esa forma la tradicional concepción individualista de los derechos subjetivos, adicionando el componente del interés general como variable al momento de su ejercicio. Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior, el presente artículo se propone exponer los fundamentos constitucionales que permiten concluir con alto grado de certeza que el concepto de función social de la propiedad resulta extensivo a la institución de la propiedad intelectual.
El examen formal a las solicitudes de registro de marcas. Estudio de casos
Authors: Rodríguez Sheyla Val
Published: December 2022

El artículo aborda cómo se efectúa el examen formal a las solicitudes de registro de marcas que se presentan a través de la vía nacional ante la Oficina Cubana de la Propiedad Industrial. Se realiza un acercamiento doctrinal a las distintas instituciones que confluyen en la evaluación de la solicitud de registro y, posteriormente, se presenta un estudio de casos que evidencia la manera de proceder de la Oficina y los errores en que incurren los solicitantes. Dicho análisis resulta pertinente para los practicantes de otras jurisdicciones que deseen un acercamiento al sistema de marcas cubanos, así como para toda persona interesada, inexperta en la materia, que desee proteger este tipo de activo intangible.
Evaluación de películas comestibles de quitosano, agar y tomillo para mantener la calidad de frutos de aguacate ‘Hass’ durante su almacenamiento
Authors: Madera-Santana Tomás J. , Toledo-López Víctor M. , Martinez-Robison Karla , Rejón-Moo Víctor , Fortiz Hernández Judith
Published: December 2022

En este trabajo se elaboraron películas comestibles (PCs) a base de quitosano (Q), agar (A) y tomillo (T), en cuatro diferentes formulaciones (Q, A, QA y QAT). A las PCs se les evaluaron propiedades mecánicas (tensión y elongación a la ruptura), propiedades estructurales (espectroscopía de infrarrojo por FTIR), propiedades térmicas (análisis termogravimétrico), propiedades de transporte (permeabilidad al vapor de agua) y análisis morfológico (microscopía electrónica de barrido). Las PCs de QA y QAT destacaron por su resistencia a la tensión, transparencia, velocidad de transmisión al vapor de agua y permeancia, así como la mayor capacidad antioxidante. Se evaluó el efecto de la aplicación de los recubrimientos comestibles (RCs) de QA y QAT en la calidad de frutos de aguacate “Hass” durante 13 días de almacenamiento a 25 °C. Se evaluaron periódicamente en los frutos las variables de pérdida de peso, tasa de respiración, producción de etileno, apariencia visual y pudriciones. La aplicación de los RCs al fruto redujo su pérdida de peso y extendió su vida de anaquel. Los RCs les confirieron a los frutos una barrera al vapor de agua, reduciendo la pérdida de peso en 40%. Así mismo, se disminuyó la incidencia de pudriciones de los frutos.