bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An integrated stress response via PKR suppresses HER2+ cancers and improves trastuzumab therapy
Authors: Darini Cedric , Ghaddar Nour , Chabot Catherine , Assaker Gloria , Sabri Siham , Wang Shuo , Krishnamoorthy Jothilatha , Buchanan Marguerite , Aguilar-Mahecha Adriana , Abdulkarim Bassam , Deschenes Jean , Torres Jose , Ursini-Siegel Josie , Basik Mark , Koromilas Antonis E.
Published: May 2019

Trastuzumab is integral to HER2+ cancer treatment, but its therapeutic index is narrowed by the development of resistance. Phosphorylation of the translation initiation factor eIF2α (eIF2α-P) is the nodal point of the integrated stress response, which promotes survival or death in a context-dependent manner. Here, we show an anti-tumor function of the protein kinase PKR and its substrate eIF2α in a mouse HER2+ breast cancer model. The anti-tumor function depends on the transcription factor ATF4, which upregulates the CDK inhibitor P21CIP1 and activates JNK1/2. The PKR/eIF2α-P arm is induced by Trastuzumab in sensitive but not resistant HER2+ breast tumors. Also, eIF2α-P stimulation by the phosphatase inhibitor SAL003 substantially increases Trastuzumab potency in resistant HER2+ breast and gastric tumors. Increased eIF2α-P prognosticates a better response of HER2+ metastatic breast cancer patients to Trastuzumab therapy. Hence, the PKR/eIF2α-P arm antagonizes HER2 tumorigenesis whereas its pharmacological stimulation improves the efficacy of Trastuzumab therapy.
Plasmodium falciparum sexual differentiation in malaria patients is associated with host factors and GDV1-dependent genes
Authors: Usui Miho , Prajapati Surendra K. , Ayanful-Torgby Ruth , Acquah Festus K. , Cudjoe Elizabeth , Kakaney Courage , Amponsah Jones A. , Obboh Evans K. , Reddy Deepti K. , Barbeau Michelle C. , Simons Lacy M. , Czesny Beata , Raiciulescu Sorana , Olsen Cara , Abuaku Benjamin K. , Amoah Linda E. , Williamson Kim C.
Published: May 2019

Plasmodium sexual differentiation is required for malaria transmission, yet much remains unknown about its regulation. Here, we quantify early gametocyte-committed ring (gc-ring) stage, P. falciparum parasites in 260 uncomplicated malaria patient blood samples 10 days before maturation to transmissible stage V gametocytes using a gametocyte conversion assay (GCA). Seventy six percent of the samples have gc-rings, but the ratio of gametocyte to asexual-committed rings (GCR) varies widely (0–78%). GCR correlates positively with parasitemia and is negatively influenced by fever, not hematocrit, age or leukocyte counts. Higher expression levels of GDV1-dependent genes, ap2-g, msrp1 and gexp5, as well as a gdv1 allele encoding H217 are associated with high GCR, while high plasma lysophosphatidylcholine levels are associated with low GCR in the second study year. The results provide a view of sexual differentiation in the field and suggest key regulatory roles for clinical factors and gdv1 in gametocytogenesis in vivo.
Mesenchymal stem cells for hemorrhagic stroke: status of preclinical and clinical research
Authors: Turnbull Marion T. , Zubair Abba C. , Meschia James F. , Freeman William D.
Published: May 2019

Significant progress has been made during the past few decades in stem cell therapy research for various diseases and injury states; however this has not been overwhelmingly translated into approved therapies, despite much public attention and the rise in unregulated ‘regenerative clinics’. In the last decade, preclinical research focusing on mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC) therapy in experimental animal models of hemorrhagic stroke has gained momentum and has led to the development of a small number of human trials. Here we review the current studies focusing on MSC therapy for hemorrhagic stroke in an effort to summarize the status of preclinical and clinical research. Preliminary evidence indicates that MSCs are both safe and tolerable in patients, however future randomized controlled trials are required to translate the promising preclinical research into an effective therapy for hopeful patients.
Local level estimates of food, drink and tobacco expenditure for Great Britain
Authors: James William H. M. , Lomax Nik , Birkin Mark
Published: May 2019

We present expenditure estimates for 106 product categories across Great Britain for the years 2008–2016. Estimates are at the Local Authority District level (n = 380) and the categories cover all food, drink and tobacco commodities. Reliable, local level expenditure estimates are crucial for understanding broader market trends, assessing economic stability and for projections. This is especially important for commodities such as alcohol, tobacco and unhealthy foods due to their role in the prevalence of non-communicable diseases. There has been relatively little research into local area spatial patterns of expenditure, with existing estimates often of insufficient resolution for informing planning decisions. We use spatial microsimulation to create an archive of expenditure datasets. This was achieved by linking socio-demographic foundations with detailed datasets on individual expenditure. Whilst initially developed to aid investigations into sociodemographic trends in the meat industry, the data have reuse potential in a number of disciplines, including public health, economics, retail geography and environmental management. The framework could be applied to other regions with appropriate data.
Egyptian metallic inks on textiles from the 15th century BCE unravelled by non-invasive techniques and chemometric analysis
Authors: Festa G. , Christiansen T. , Turina V. , Borla M. , Kelleher J. , Arcidiacono L. , Cartechini L. , Ponterio R. C. , Scatigno C. , Senesi R. , Andreani C.
Published: May 2019

The development of black inks has enabled writing to become an established method of communication in history. Although a large research effort has been devoted to the study of pigments and dyes used in ancient Egypt to decorate burial walls and furnishings, or to write on papyrus, to date little attention has been paid to the nature and technology of inks used on ritual and daily-use textiles, which may have fostered the transfer of metallic ink technology onto papyrus and parchment supports. We report about inks from 15thcentury BCE Egyptian textiles by combining non-invasive techniques, including ultraviolet (UV) reflected imaging, near-infrared reflectography (NIRR), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and prompt-gamma-activation-analysis (PGAA). It is argued that the inks are related to the family of iron gall inks, whose introduction is commonly attributed to the third century BCE. This interpretation frames the technology of writing on fabrics, used by the ancient Egyptians, in a different time, thus providing new information on the genesis of mordant inks in the ancient Mediterranean cultures. We anticipate our study to be a starting point for further and more sophisticated investigations of textiles, which will clarify the origin of metallic ink in the ancient world.
Effects of diaphragmatic myofascial release on gastroesophageal reflux disease: a preliminary randomized controlled trial
Authors: Martínez-Hurtado I. , Arguisuelas M. D. , Almela-Notari P. , Cortés X. , Barrasa-Shaw A. , Campos-González J. C. , Lisón J. F.
Published: May 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether implementing a myofascial release (MFR) protocol designed to restore the myofascial properties of the diaphragm has any effect on the symptoms, quality of life, and consumption of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) drugs by patients with non-erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). We randomized 30 patients with GERD into a MFR group or a sham group. Changes in symptomatology and quality of life were measured with the Reflux Disease Questionnaire and the Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index. Need of PPIs was measured as the milligrams of drug intake over the 7 days prior to each assessment. All variables were assessed at baseline, one week and 4 weeks after the end of the treatment. At week 4, patients receiving MFR showed significant improvements in symptomatology (mean difference-1.1; 95% CI: −1.7 to −0.5), gastrointestinal quality of life (mean difference 18.1; 95% CI: 4.8 to 31.5), and PPIs use (mean difference-97 mg; 95% CI: −162 to −32), compared to the sham group. These preliminary findings indicate that the application of the MFR protocol we used in this study decreased the symptoms and PPIs usage and increased the quality of life of patients with non-erosive GERD up to four weeks after the end of the treatment.
Crystallographic contributions to piezoelectric properties in PZT thin films
Authors: Tan Goon , Maruyama Kazuki , Kanamitsu Yuya , Nishioka Shintaro , Ozaki Tomoatsu , Umegaki Toshihito , Hida Hirotaka , Kanno Isaku
Published: May 2019

We report on the correlated investigation between macroscopic piezoelectric properties and the microscopic deformation of crystal structures of both epitaxial and polycrystalline Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT) thin films grown on MgO and Si substrates, respectively. We observed the reversible elongation and contraction of lattice parameter under an applied electric field using synchrotron X-ray diffraction. The effective piezoelectric coefficients were estimated from the relationship between electric field and field-induced strain, and compared with those characterized by the macroscopic cantilever method. The electric field dependences of the piezoelectric coefficients obtained from both characterization were in good agreement with each other. The results also revealed large and nonlinear piezoelectric properties for the polycrystalline PZT thin film. The comparative discussion in this study provides valuable insights of crystallographic contributions and opens the way to improve the piezoelectricity in thin-film based piezoelectric devices.
The counterion–retinylidene Schiff base interaction of an invertebrate rhodopsin rearranges upon light activation
Authors: Nagata Takashi , Koyanagi Mitsumasa , Tsukamoto Hisao , Mutt Eshita , Schertler Gebhard F. X. , Deupi Xavier , Terakita Akihisa
Published: May 2019

Animals sense light using photosensitive proteins—rhodopsins—containing a chromophore—retinal—that intrinsically absorbs in the ultraviolet. Visible light-sensitivity depends primarily on protonation of the retinylidene Schiff base (SB), which requires a negatively-charged amino acid residue—counterion—for stabilization. Little is known about how the most common counterion among varied rhodopsins, Glu181, functions. Here, we demonstrate that in a spider visual rhodopsin, orthologue of mammal melanopsins relevant to circadian rhythms, the Glu181 counterion functions likely by forming a hydrogen-bonding network, where Ser186 is a key mediator of the Glu181–SB interaction. We also suggest that upon light activation, the Glu181–SB interaction rearranges while Ser186 changes its contribution. This is in contrast to how the counterion of vertebrate visual rhodopsins, Glu113, functions, which forms a salt bridge with the SB. Our results shed light on the molecular mechanisms of visible light-sensitivity relevant to invertebrate vision and vertebrate non-visual photoreception.
Comment on “A universal approach for calculating the Judd–Ofelt parameters of RE3+ in powdered phosphors and its application for the β-NaYF4:Er3+/Yb3+ phosphor derived from auto-combustion-assisted fluoridation” by B. Chen, S. Xu et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2018, 20, 15876
Authors: Xu Qing , Zhang Yun , Zhang De-Long
Published: May 2019

We show that the Judd–Ofelt parameters depend mainly on the strong instead of the weak transitions as reported previously in Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2018, 20, 15876. More reliable Judd–Ofelt analysis method is suggested.
Naphthalimide end-capped diphenylacetylene: a versatile organic semiconductor for blue light emitting diodes and a donor or an acceptor for solar cells
Authors: Do Thu-Trang , Chavhan Sudam , Subbiah Jegadesan , Ou Tsu-Hao , Manzhos Sergei , Jones David , Bell John M. , Jou Jwo-Huei , Sonar Prashant
Published: May 2019

A novel compound NAI-PVP-NAI was utilized as a blue emissive layer for organic light emitting diodes and as an acceptor and a donor for organic solar cells.
A SWCNT based aptasensor system for antibiotic oxytetracycline detection in water samples
Authors: Yildirim-Tirgil Nimet , Lee Jinyoung , Cho Hanchul , Lee HeaYeon , Somu Sivasubramanian , Busnaina Ahmed , Gu April Z.
Published: May 2019

A simple and highly sensitive aptamer-based single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) biosensor for fast and specific oxytetracycline detection in environmental water samples.
Close the ring to break the cycle: tandem quinolone-alkyne-cyclisation gives access to tricyclic pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolin-5-ones with potent anti-protozoal activity
Authors: Szamosvári Dávid , Sylvester Kayla , Schmid Philipp , Lu Kuan-Yi , Derbyshire Emily R. , Böttcher Thomas
Published: May 2019

We describe a tandem reaction leading to tricyclic pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolin-5-ones with unique selectivity against the liver stage of the malaria parasite.
Rh(iii)-Catalyzed straightforward arylation of 8-methyl/formylquinolines using diazo compounds
Authors: Ghosh Bidhan , Samanta Rajarshi
Published: May 2019

A straightforward Rh(iii)-catalyzed general strategy was developed for the introduction of naphthol/phenol moieties to 8-methyl and formylquinolines using diazonaphthalen-2(1H)-ones/quinone diazides.
Shape-persistent pyrrole-based covalent organic cages: synthesis, structure and selective gas adsorption properties
Authors: Wang Fei , Sikma Eric , Duan Zhiming , Sarma Tridib , Lei Chuanhu , Zhang Zhan , Humphrey Simon M. , Sessler Jonathan L.
Published: May 2019

Pyrrole based organic cages for selective CO2 capture.
Chain length effect in the functionalization of polyoxometalates with α,ω-alkyldiphosphonates
Authors: Liu Zhiwei , Wang Wei , Tang Jinkui , Li Weiqi , Yin Weiye , Fang Xikui
Published: May 2019

Varying the alkylene tethers in hybrids of polyoxometalates and α,ω-alkyldiphosphonates, even just by a single methylene group, has met with strong structural and magnetic responses.
Facile electrochemical synthesis of ultrathin iron oxyhydroxide nanosheets for the oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Zou Jinshuo , Peleckis Germanas , Lee Chong-Yong , Wallace Gordon G.
Published: May 2019

Ultrathin iron oxyhydroxide nanosheets were synthesised by multiple potential cyclings on thermally annealed iron foils, acting as an efficient oxygen evolution electrocatalyst.
Fabrication of red blood cell membrane-camouflaged Cu2−xSe nanoparticles for phototherapy in the second near-infrared window
Authors: Liu Zhou , Wang Jinquan , Qiu Kangqiang , Liao Xinxing , Rees Thomas W. , Ji Liangnian , Chao Hui
Published: May 2019

Cu2−xSe nanoparticles (Cu2−xSeNPs) were camouflaged with a red blood cell membrane (RBC) for synergistic photothermal and photodynamic therapy of cancer in the second near-infrared (NIR II) window.
Solvent-induced SC–SC transformation within the ZnII–triazole system: a promising MnO4− selective luminescent probe
Authors: Cheng Lin , Xue Chong-Yu , Wang Ying , Yang Dan-Dan , Zhang Ying-Xin , Gao Yi-Xuan , Day Gregory S.
Published: May 2019

The solvent-induced SC–SC transformation within the ZnII–triazole system has generated a 3D network containing corrugated ladders of 4a. The luminescence properties indicated that 4a could be considered as a MnO4− selective luminescent probe.
Towards the synthesis of mixed oxides with controlled stoichiometry from Prussian blue analogues
Authors: Trannoy Virgile , Bordage Amélie , Dezalay Jordan , Saint-Martin Romuald , Rivière Eric , Beaunier Patricia , Baumier Cédric , La Fontaine Camille , Fornasieri Giulia , Bleuzen Anne
Published: May 2019

The calcination of (nano) Prussian blue analogues is now a fully controlled and understood route to synthesize Co–Fe spinel oxides.
Cracked eight-awn star TaS2 with fractal structures used as an efficient electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Feng Yu , Yu Ke , Zhu Ziqiang
Published: May 2019

A new eight-awn star TaS2 with a specially designed fractal and cracked dendrite structure was prepared, which showed outstanding HER catalytic activities owing to its specially designed structure.
High bond difference parameter-induced low thermal transmission in carbon allotropes with sp2 and sp3 hybridization
Authors: Feng Zhihao , Dong Huicong , Ju Shenghong , Wen Bin , Zhang Yuwen , Melnik Roderick
Published: May 2019

Carbon allotropes play an important role in the thermal transmission field, while there are huge thermal differences in their thermal conductivities.
Explaining the optical spectrum of CrF2and CuF2model materials: role of the tetragonal to monoclinic instability
Authors: Aramburu J. A. , Moreno M.
Published: May 2019

The origin of the three dd allowed transitions in CuF2and CrF2materials is not due to aD4helongated Jahn–Teller effect.
Transformation of cerium dioxide nanoparticles during sewage sludge incineration
Authors: Gogos Alexander , Wielinski Jonas , Voegelin Andreas , Emerich Hermann , Kaegi Ralf
Published: May 2019

The incineration of sewage sludge leads to the incorporation of Ce from CeO2 nanoparticles into mineral structures.
CdS nanoparticles alleviate photo-induced stress in Geobacter co-cultures
Authors: Chen Shanshan , Deng Chengsheng , Liu Xing , Yang Yuting , Cai Xixi , Huang Haibo , Lü Jian , Zhou Shungui
Published: May 2019

Visible light repressed Geobacter co-cultures, and addition of light-excited CdS NPs could alleviate this photo-induced stress.
Towards sustainable elastomers from CO2: life cycle assessment of carbon capture and utilization for rubbers
Authors: Meys Raoul , Kätelhön Arne , Bardow André
Published: May 2019

Elastomers have been recently proposed to integrate CO2 as carbon feedstock.
Supercritical methanol depolymerization and hydrodeoxygenation of lignin and biomass over reduced copper porous metal oxides
Authors: McClelland Daniel J. , Galebach Peter H. , Motagamwala Ali Hussain , Wittrig Ashley M. , Karlen Steven D. , Buchanan J. Scott , Dumesic James A. , Huber George W.
Published: May 2019

Supercritical methanol upgrading with a CuMgAlOx catalyst is effective at depolymerizing and hydrodeoxygenating lignin into monomers and oligomers.
Microfluidic-controlled optical router for lab on a chip
Authors: Dietvorst Jiri , Goyvaerts Jeroen , Ackermann Tobias Nils , Alvarez Erica , Muñoz-Berbel Xavier , Llobera Andreu
Published: May 2019

A microfluidic-controlled optical router enabling the measurement in four individual optical channels using only one light source and one detector.
Cupredoxin engineered upconversion nanoparticles for ratiometric luminescence sensing of Cu2+
Authors: Liu Chang , Yu Yingjie , Chen Daquan , Zhao Jian , Yu Yang , Li Lele , Lu Yi
Published: May 2019

The integration of zwitterion-coated UCNPs with azurin, a member of a family of redox-active copper proteins, can serve as an ideal platform for the label-free upconversion luminescence sensing of Cu2+with a ratiometric response.
Fabrication of carbohydrate microarrays on poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-cyanuric chloride-modified substrates for the analysis of carbohydrate–lectin interactions
Authors: Liu Chanjuan , Li Chao , Niu Qingfeng , Cai Chao , Li Guoyun , Yu Guangli
Published: May 2019

The pHEMA polymer provides an anti-fouling surface and the CC linker allows the covalent immobilization of intact carbohydrates.
Optimisation of phosphate loading on graphene oxide–Fe(iii) composites – possibilities for engineering slow release fertilisers
Authors: Andelkovic Ivan B. , Kabiri Shervin , da Silva Rodrigo C. , Tavakkoli Ehsan , Kirby Jason K. , Losic Dusan , McLaughlin Michael J.
Published: May 2019

Engineering of a graphene-oxide based slow release P composite as an efficient, environmental friendly fertiliser.
Star-shaped polypeptides exhibit potent antibacterial activities
Authors: Chen Yu-Fon , Lai Ying-Da , Chang Chien-Hsiang , Tsai Yu-Cheng , Tang Chen-Chi , Jan Jeng-Shiung
Published: May 2019

Antimicrobial, star-shaped polypeptides exhibit potent antibacterial activities, low hemolytic activities, and high cytotoxic selectivities.
Recent progress on carbon nanomaterials for the electrochemical detection and removal of environmental pollutants
Authors: Zhang Ya-nan , Niu Qiongyan , Gu Xiaotong , Yang Nianjun , Zhao Guohua
Published: May 2019

Highlights of recent achievements on the applications of carbon nanomaterials for electrochemical detection and removal of environmental pollutants.
Chemical ADP-ribosylation: mono-ADPr-peptides and oligo-ADP-ribose
Authors: Liu Qiang , van der Marel Gijsbert A. , Filippov Dmitri V.
Published: May 2019

A review of recent advances towards synthetic ADP-ribosylated proteins and oligo-ADP-ribose chains.
A folate-conjugated platinum porphyrin complex as a new cancer-targeting photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy
Authors: Yang Mengqian , Deng Jingran , Guo Ding , Zhang Jie , Yang Lixia , Wu Fengshou
Published: May 2019

A new folate-conjugated platinum porphyrin complex was synthesized, which displayed high singlet oxygen quantum yield and strong targeting ability.
Development of bio-acrylic polymers from Cyrene™: transforming a green solvent to a green polymer
Authors: Ray Parijat , Hughes Timothy , Smith Craig , Hibbert Mena , Saito Kei , Simon George P.
Published: May 2019

A bio-based methacrylic polymer derived from a green solvent, Cyrene™ through a green synthesis pathway with very high glass transition temperature, thermal stability and high reactivity.
Effect of size of latex particles on the mechanical properties of hydrogels reinforced by latex particles
Authors: Liu Li , Lv Guangchao , Ren Xiuyan , Li Xinhe , Wang Te , Dong Jingwen , Wang Zeyu , Wu Guangfeng
Published: May 2019

Herein, cationic latex particles (CL) of different particle sizes were introduced as a cross-linking center to enhance the mechanical properties of the hydrophobically-associated hydrogels (P(AAm-co-HMA)-CL).
Bending, curling, and twisting in polymeric bilayers
Authors: Wisinger Catherine E. , Maynard Leslie A. , Barone Justin R.
Published: May 2019

Polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer (POE) bilayers can be pulled and released to form helices without the use of directional anisotropy in the layers.
Large-diameter and heteroatom-doped graphene nanotubes decorated with transition metals as carbon hosts for lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Ogoke Ogechi , Hwang Sooyeon , Hultman Benjamin , Chen Mengjie , Karakalos Stavros , He Yanghua , Ramsey Adam , Su Dong , Alexandridis Paschalis , Wu Gang
Published: May 2019

A large-size and heteroatom doped graphene tube host in S cathodes exhibited encouraging rate performance and cyclic stability for Li–S batteries.
Recent progress in inkjet-printed solar cells
Authors: Karunakaran Santhosh Kumar , Arumugam Gowri Manohari , Yang Wentao , Ge Sijie , Khan Saqib Nawaz , Lin Xianzhong , Yang Guowei
Published: May 2019

In the past few decades, the fabrication of solar cells has been considered as one of the most promising ways to meet the increasing energy demands to support the development of modern society as well as to control the environmental pollution caused by the combustion of fossil fuels.
Tubulin heterogeneity regulates functions and dynamics of microtubules and plays a role in the development of drug resistance in cancer
Authors: Prassanawar Shweta Shyam , Panda Dulal
Published: May 2019

Microtubules, composed of αβ-tubulin heterodimers, exhibit diverse structural and functional properties in different cell types. The diversity in the microtubule structure originates from tubulin heterogeneities, namely tubulin isotypes and their post-translational modifications (PTMs). These heterogeneities confer differential stability to microtubules and provide spatial cues for the functioning of the cell. Furthermore, the altered expressions of tubulin isotypes and PTMs are prominent factors for the development of resistance against some cancer drugs. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge of the tubulin isotypes and PTMs and how, together, they control the cellular functions of the microtubules. We also describe how cancer cells use this tubulin heterogeneity to acquire resistance against clinical agents and discuss existing attempts to counter the developed resistance.
miR-940 potentially promotes proliferation and metastasis of endometrial carcinoma through regulation of MRVI1
Authors: Zhou Zhan , Xu Ya-Ping , Wang Li-Juan , Kong Yan
Published: May 2019

The specific functions and clinical significance of miR-940 in endometrial carcinoma (EC) have not been studied. First, we assessed the expression of miR-940 and MRVI1 in EC tissues collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and EC cell lines. miR-940 was significantly overexpressed in EC tissues and cell lines, particularly in RL95-2 cells. Correlation analysis showed that miR-940 expression level was remarkably associated with age, grade, and death. Moreover, the overall survival (OS) rate in the miR-940 low expression group was higher, compared with miR-940 high expression group. Univariate and multivariate models demonstrated that miR-940 expression, stage, and age were predictive indicators of OS. Moreover, there was no significance of the proliferation ability among the three EC cell lines (RL95-2, ISK, and KLE). To reveal the biological roles of miR-940, we respectively transfected RL95-2 cells with miR-940 mimics, miR-940 inhibitors, and control to further investigate the cell proliferation ability, and migration as well as invasion potential of RL95-2 cells. The transfection of miR-940 mimics significantly increased the proliferation and migration/invasion ability of RL95-2 cells. MRVI1 was predicted to be a potential target of miR-940 by means of in silico analysis followed by validation using luciferase reporter assays. MRVI1 was correlated with good prognosis. Moreover, forced expression of MRVI1 in miR-940 mimic transfected cells abolished the facilitation of miR-940 on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of RL95-2 and KLE cells. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that miR-940 might function as a reliable diagnostic and prognostic signature in EC.
LRRK2, alpha-synuclein, and tau: partners in crime or unfortunate bystanders?
Authors: Outeiro Tiago Fleming , Harvey Kirsten , Dominguez-Meijide Antonio , Gerhardt Ellen
Published: May 2019

The identification of genetic forms of Parkinson's disease (PD) has tremendously expanded our understanding of the players and mechanisms involved. Mutations in the genes encoding for alpha-synuclein (aSyn), LRRK2, and tau have been associated with familial and sporadic forms of the disease. aSyn is the major component of Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites, which are pathognomonic protein inclusions in PD. Hyperphosphorylated tau protein accumulates in neurofibrillary tangles in the brains of Alzheimer's disease patients but is also seen in the brains of PD patients. LRRK2 is a complex multi-domain protein with kinase and GTPase enzymatic activity. Since aSyn and tau are phosphoproteins, we review the possible interplay between the three proteins. Understanding the interplay between LRRK2, aSyn and tau is extremely important, as this may enable the identification of novel targets and pathways for therapeutic intervention.
Spatial distribution of stellar mass and star formation activity at 0.2 < z < 1.2 across and along the main sequence
Authors: Morselli L. , Popesso P. , Cibinel A. , Oesch P. A. , Montes M. , Atek H. , Illingworth G. D. , Holden B.
Published: May 2019

High-resolution multi-wavelength photometry is crucial to explore the spatial distribution of star formation in galaxies and understand how these evolve. To this aim, in this paper we exploit the deep, multi-wavelength Hubble Space Telescope (HST) data available in the central parts of the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey (GOODS) fields and study the distribution of star formation activity and mass in galaxies located at different positions with respect to the main sequence (MS) of star-forming galaxies. Our sample consists of galaxies with stellar mass ≥109.5 M⊙ in the redshift range 0.2 ≤ z ≤ 1.2. Exploiting 10-band photometry from the UV to the near-infrared at HST resolution, we derived spatially resolved maps of galaxy properties, such as stellar mass and star formation rate and specific star formation rate, with a resolution of ∼0.16 arcsec. We find that the star formation activity is centrally enhanced in galaxies above the MS and centrally suppressed below the MS, with quiescent galaxies (1 dex below the MS) characterised by the highest suppression. The specific star formation rate in the outer region does not show systematic trends of enhancement or suppression above or below the MS. The distribution of mass in MS galaxies indicates that bulges grow when galaxies are still on the MS relation. Galaxies below the MS are more bulge-dominated with respect to MS counterparts at fixed stellar mass, while galaxies in the upper envelope are more extended and have Sérsic indices that are always smaller than or comparable to their MS counterparts. The suppression of star formation activity in the central region of galaxies below the MS hints at inside-out quenching, as star formation is still ongoing in the outer regions.
An Investigation of a Nonlinear Fuel Oil Viscosity and Temperature Control System for Ships
Authors: Ye Zhuohang , Mao Xiaobing , Huang Hai , Liu Xianzhen
Published: May 2019

In this paper, the differential equation of the fuel oil viscosity and temperature control system was derived, according to the working processes and principles of the heating of heavy oil in ocean vessels. By analyzing the characteristics of the heat transfer model, a multi-input coupling nonlinear heat transfer model was developed, in which the temperatures at the inlet and the outlet of the heavy oil heater were used as the state variables, while the openings of the regulating valve of the mixed oil tank and the steam flow rate regulating valve of the heater were used as the control inputs. This model can be decomposed into a single-input nonlinear system and single-input second-order linear system for further investigation, and the sliding mode variable structure controller can then be solved by performing linear reductions on the nonlinear model. Finally, using KING VIKW software, experiments were performed in order to examine the controlling performances of the PID and sliding mode variable structure ( SMVS ) controller respectively. The results show that the sliding mode variable structure controller exhibits a series of superiorities, which mainly include a small overshoot, fast response and strong anti-interference capability.
Baikal-GVD: first results and prospects
Authors: Avrorin A.D. , Avrorin A.V. , Aynutdinov V.M. , Bannash R. , Belolaptikov I.A. , Brudanin V.B. , Budnev N.M. , Domogatsky G.V. , Doroshenko A.A. , Dvornicky R. , Dyachok A.N. , Dzhilkibaev Zh.-A.M. , Fajt L. , Fialkovsky S.V. , Gafarov A.R. , Golubkov K.V. , Gress T.I. , Honz Z. , Kebkal K.G. , Kebkal O.G. , Khramov E.V. , Kolbin M.M. , Konischev K.V. , Korobchenko A.V. , Koshechkin A.P. , Kozhin A.V. , Kulepov V.F. , Kuleshov D.A. , Milenin M.B. , Mirgazov R.A. , Osipova E.R. , Panfilov A.I. , Pan’kov L.V. , Pliskovsky E.N. , Rozanov M.I. , Rjabov E.V. , Rushay V.D. , Safronov G.B. , Shaybonov B.A. , Shelepov M.D. , Stekl I. , Simkovic F. , Skurihin A.V. , Solovjev A.G. , Sorokovnikov M.N. , Suvorova O.V. , Tabolenko V.A. , Tarashansky B.A. , Yakovlev S.A. , Zagorodnikov A.V. , Zurbanov V.L.
Published: May 2019

Next generation cubic kilometer scale neutrino telescope Baikal-GVD is currently under construction in Lake Baikal. The detector is specially designed for search for high energies neutrinos whose sources are not yet reliably identified. Since April 2018 the telescope has been successfully operated in complex of three functionally independent clusters i.e. sub-arrays of optical modules (OMs) where now are hosted 864 OMs on 24 vertical strings. Each cluster is connected to shore by individual electro-optical cables. The effective volume of the detector for neutrino initiated cascades of relativistic particles with energy above 100 TeV has been increased up to about 0.15 km3. Preliminary results obtained with data recorded in 2016 and 2017 are discussed.
The Limadou-HEPD Segmented Calorimeter
Authors: Vitale Vincenzo
Published: May 2019

The core of the High-Energy Particle Detector (HEPD) on board of the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES) is a segmented calorimeter, which is composed with an upper tower of plastic scintillator counters and a bottom array of LYSO large crystals. Electrons with energy below 100MeV, protons and light nuclei, below few hundreds ofMeV/nucleon are fully contained within this calorimeter. Mainly the LYSO array (density 7.3 g/cm3, thickness around 29.2 g/cm2) extends the HEPD energy range, allowing those measurements (solar energetic particles, low-energy cosmic rays) which are more related to astroparticle physics topics. Two identical copies of HEPD, and then of its calorimeter, exist: the Flight (FM) and the Qualification (QM) models. While the FM has achieved the orbit on board of the CSES satellite in February 2018, the Qualification Model, is used, at ground, for tests and calibrations. A report on the characterization of this compact particle space detector and on preliminary studies and results, will be given.
Bio-assessment of surface waters in the south-east of Gaziantep (Turkey) using diatom metrics
Authors: Çelekli Abuzer , Arslanargun Hamdullah
Published: May 2019

Diatom metrics can be used to identify the ecological status of water bodies due to their good responses to anthropogenic disturbances. Our study is aimed to use diatom metrics developed from different ecoregions for assessing the ecological status of 11 surface waters in the south-east of the Gaziantep catchment (Turkey). Ecological characterizations of the sampling stations were introduced by Trophic Index Turkey (TIT), Trophic Index (TI), and Eutrophication and/or Pollution Index-Diatom (EPI-D). According to TIT and TI, Karkamış Reservoir had a good ecological condition while it had high ecological status based on EPI-D. This good ecological condition was approved by the presence of pollution sensitive species (e.g.,Cymbella affinis,Encyonema minutum,E. silesiacum,Cymbopleura amphicephala, andNavicula radiosa) and relatively low nutrients. Kayacık (TIT ranging 3.15–3.23) and Hancağız (TIT = 3.35) reservoirs had poor and bad ecological conditions, respectively. High nutrient, conductivity, and pollution-tolerant species (e.g.,Nitzschia amphibia,N. palea,N. umbonata,N. linearis,N. phyllepta,Tryblionella calida, andPinnularia brebissonii) supported the ecological statuses of the Hancağız and Kayacık reservoirs. The first two axes of canonical correspondence analysis explained 0.943 of relationships between diatom species and explanatory variables. Explanatory variables,e.g., calcium, conductivity, orthophosphate, nitrate, nitrite, sodium, pH, and sulfur, had strong impacts on the distribution of diatom assemblages among the sampling stations. TIT and TI separated ecological statuses of sampling stations in the south-east of the Gaziantep catchment, which correlated well with the evidence of water chemistry and response of diatom assemblages.
Windpocken – bewährte Indikationen
Authors: Bleul Gerhard
Published: May 2019

Homöopathische Differenzialdiagnose der Windpocken. Schnelle Mittelwahl aufgrund besonderer Charakteristika und Modalitäten sowie Auffälligkeiten in Stimmung und Verhalten.
Stereoselective Synthesis of (Z)-Allyl Alcohols through Coinage-Metal-Catalyzed Nucleophilic Addition of Benzo[d]isoxazoles with Unactivated Propargyl Alcohols
Authors: Chen Zhiyuan , Wu Wenjin , Zheng Tiantian , Tan Jie , Pu Shouzhi
Published: May 2019

The Au/Ag-cocatalyzed stereoselective addition reaction of cyanophenol anion species generated in situ with unactivated propargyl alcohols to produce functionalized (Z)-allyl alcohols in mostly good yields is reported. Benzo[d]isoxazoles were found to be excellent building blocks for the production of highly reactive cyanophenol anions from Kemp elimination reactions, thus serving as a masked benzonitrile source for the preparation of organonitrile derivatives. Silver salt combined with gold catalyst were found to be necessary for the success of this transformation.
Endotoxin Induced Fall In Plasma Prekallikrein: Prevention By Prostacyclin And Lignocained
Authors: Scully M F , Weerasinghe K A , Westwick J , Newman Y , Webb P J , Kakkar V V
Published: May 2019

The infusion of lipopolysaccharide (E.Coli 0111-B4) at a level of l00ng/kg body wt/min for 100 minutes caused a decrease in plasma prekallikrein levels of anaesthetized minipigs. Plasma prekallikrein (PK) in normal pig plasma was measured after cold activation by dextran sulphate using chromogenic substrate S2302. Blood samples were taken into a mixture of EDTA, indomethacin at 20 minute intervals for 3 hours. When infused with endotoxin the PK level decreased to 85% of the preinfusion level after 1 hour (p<0.05) and up to 76% after 2 hours (p<0.05). Significance levels were calculated in relation to the comparable sample in anaesthetized pigs received saline alone. Five pigs were included in each group. Blood pressure, platelet and white cell count also showed significant falls upon infusion of endotoxin.

Infusion of lignocaine (20mg followed by 2mg/minute during the course of infusion), an endothelial stabiliser or prostacyclin (125ng/kg/min - a dosage not found to lower blood pressure by more than 5%) prevented the endotoxin induced decrease of PK levels completely as well as the fall in blood pressure. However the thrombocytopenia and leucopenia still occurred. Infusion of a potent thromboxane synthetase inhibitor (7.5mg/min) partially prevented a fall in blood pressure and PK levels.

When endotoxin was added to plasma in vitro at concentrations up to lmg/ml no activation of prekallikrein was observed. This observation together with those above suggests that the activation of factor XII by endotoxin in vivo is mediated by primary interaction of endotoxin with endothelium or other vascular cellular elements presumably with the release of procoagulants and/or formation of activating surfaces. Infusion of lignocaine or prostacyclin by stabilizing cell membranes may therefore act to prevent this effect of endotoxin and thereby preclude factor XII activation and bradykinin formation.
Effect Of Negatively-Charged Polyelectrolytes On Plasma Contact Factors And Factor V
Authors: Boffa M C , Faroes J P , Dreyer B P , Pusineri C
Published: May 2019

The action on plasma clotting of negatively-charged amphipathic polyelectrolytes, derived from copolymerisation of acrylonitrile, was investigated. These polymers were powdered suspended in citrated platelet-poor plasma at different polymer surface/plasma volume ratios. After centrifugation, the plasma supernatant was analyzed.

Two opposite effects were observed: an immediate procoagulant effect and a progressive inhibitory one .The first was related to the activation of contact factors. Kinin-forming activity of kininogen as well as prekallicrein activity (measured on chromogenic substrate) were decreased: the former to a greater extent than the latter. However, no significant modification of factor XI and factor XII activities and no decrease of factor XII and HMW Kininogen level (according to immunological criteria) could be evidenced. On the other hand, when the incubation period was prolonged beyond 10 minutes, a progressive lengthening of the recalcification time was observed. This seemed to be due to the concomittant decrease of factor V activity (up to 90 %). In contrast, only a minimal decrease was observed with the same non-charged polymer. This effect was independent of protein C activation, since a similar decrease was also demonstrated after incubating purified human factor V with the negatively-charged polymer.

In conclusion, contact factors are not the only ones modified by negative charges; in fact, factor V is particularly sensitive to these polyanions. Consequently, the observed final overall effect is delayed clotting.
Complement Profiles In Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
Authors: Furukawa Y , Yoshikawa T , Murakami M , Takemura S , Kondo M
Published: May 2019

Complement levels were examined in cases of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), as well as in experimental animal models of DIC, and it was found that complement played a part either in the development or in the early diagnosis of DIC.

Thirteen patients with DIC; 4 associated with bacterial infection, 1 chronic myelogenous leukemia and 8 liver diseases, were serially investigated for their serum complement levels. By the onset of DIC, marked decrease of CH50, C4 and C3 levels were observed in all cases. Those who responded well to anticoagulant therapy revealed a gradual recovery of complement levels, while who failed kept their low serum levels, suggesting that the estimation of complement levels in patients with DIC might be a valuable parameter for their prognosis.

Experimental model of DIC was produced in rats by the continuous intravenous infusion of bacterial endotoxin for 4 hours. Histological examination and several coagulation parameters such as fibrinogen, platelet counts, prothrombin time, PTT and FDP confirmed the presence of DIC. The complement
levels, CH50 and C3, were markedly decreased at the onset of DIC and then gradually increased after stopping the infusion of endotoxin. By the pretreatment of rats with heparin, this decrease of serum complement levels by endotoxin was completely prevented.

It is concluded that, although many factors have been known to be involved in the production of DIC, complement might also be an important factor, one by contributing to the coagulation process and the other by being affected by secondary fibrinolysis.
Beta-Thromboglobulin (βTG) And Platelet Factor 4 (PF4) In Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction (M.I.)
Authors: Landolfi R , Scabbia E , Leone G , Storti S , Laghi F , Bizzi B
Published: May 2019

βTG and PF4 were measured by RIA in 22 patients within 12 hours from the onset of the illness and thereafter daily for 7 days. βTG and PF4 plasma levels showed a sharp increase within two days from M.I. in 19 (87%) patients. In 13 of these subjects these values returned in the normal range in 3-4 days, showing often a second peak on the 5th-6th days (silent deep vein thrombosis ?) . Patients with persistent high values of βTG and PF4 always had clinical and electrocardiographic signs of persistent myocardial ischaemia. βTG and PF4 plasma levels were not in correlation neither with the extent of the necrosis (as derived from electrocardiographic and enzymatic data) nor with some complications as arrytmias or pump failure. These data do not support the hypothesis that the increased values of βTG and PF4 in these patients must be referred to mural thrombus formation. In fact, this event is uncostant and usually associated with massive trnsmural necrosis. We suggest that platelet activation is associated with myocardial ischaemia rather than necrosis but it is unclear if this is a primary or a secondary phenomenon.
Indium-111-Tropolone: A New High-Affinity Tracer For Platelet Labeling, Preparation And Evaluation
Authors: Dewanjee M K , Rao S A , Didisheim P
Published: May 2019

Platelets have been labeled with a new, neutral, lipidsoluble metal-complex of Indium-111-tropolone (In-TPL). Unlike oxine, tropolone is soluble in isotonic saline. Oil/saline partition of In-111-oxine and In-TPL are 0.5 and 23.7 respectively. Platelet labeling with In-TPL was performed in both ACD-plasma and ACD-saline media within two hours' time. Increasing concentration of tropolone, citrate ion, and plasma proteins decreases plateletlabeling efficiency. Effects of pH, temperature, platelet concentration, and calcium ion concentration on platelet labeling were studied. In optimum platelet-labeling conditions, canine, rabbit, porcine, and human platelets have been labeled with a consistent labeling efficiency of 80-90%. The optimum labeling conditions are In-TPL in ACD- saline and ACD-plasma at tropolone concentration of 5 and 10 μg/ml respectively and 30 minutes’ incubation of platelets with the tracer at room temperature. A kit formulation for convenient routine preparation of In-111-labeled platelets has been developed. The function of the In-TPL- labeled platelets has been studied by their aggregability with adenosine diphosphate. The capacity of In-111-labeled platelets to aggregate in vitro does not correlate well with their ability to circulate in vivo. No adverse effect of In-TPL on platelets has been observed by studies of biodistribution, recovery, and platelet survival in dogs. Comparable mean platelet survival times of four repeated studies in five dogs were obtained in both ACD-saline and ACD-plasma. These results indicate that Indium-111 platelets labeled by tropolone carrier may be preferable to oxine carrier for studies of platelet survival, imaging sites of endothelial damage, and thrombus formation.
International Quality Control In Blood Coagulation: Measurement Of Fibrinogen
Authors: Thomson Jean , Poller L , Yee K
Published: May 2019

Fibrinogen estimations were included in four of the collaborative exercises from the above Centre between 1976-1978. More than thirty different techniques were employed by participants in over four hundred laboratories. The thrombin time, fibrinogen titre and turbidity techniques showed poor discrimination between normal and low fibrinogen levels compared with other routine methods e.g. Clauss technique, immunological and clot weight methods.
Investigations of DES-AB I-125 Fibrin And I-131 Fibrinogen By Agarose-Plasma Chromatography At 20°C and 37°C
Authors: Mahn I , Krell W , Müller-Berghaus G
Published: May 2019

Human des-AB I-125 fibrin was prepared by clotting I-125 fibrinogen with thrombin in the presence of EDTA and aprotinin, solubilized in buffered 3 M urea and mixed with plasma containing I-131 fibrinogen. The molecular ratio of fibrin to fibrinogen was 1:20. These fibrin-fibrinogen mixtures in plasma were applied to sepharose CL-6B columns equilibrated and eluted with plasma at 20°C and at 37°C (Agarose-plasma columns).I-125 fibrin and I-131 fibrinogen could completely be recovered from the columns at both temperatures. I-125 fibrin was seperated from I-131 fibrinogen at 20°C as well as at 37°C. I-125 fibrin was eluted in the void volume in front of the I-131 fibrinogen. At 20°C, a mean of 5.8% of the I-131 fibrinogen at 37°C,however, only a mean of 1.2% of the I-131 fibrinogen were eluted together with I-125 fibrin. We conclude that des-AB fibrin remains soluble in plasma at 20°C as well as at 37°C, forms aggregates or undergoes a conformational change increasing its molecular size and does not form complexes with fibrinogen at 37°C. (Supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft).
Laser Raman Spectroscopy of Fibrinogen and Fibrin
Authors: Marx J , Hudry-Clergeon G , Bernard L
Published: May 2019

Raman spectroscopy is now a useful mean of estimating the secondary structure of proteins. The study of the Amide I and Amide III bands revealed an important increase in the β-sheet form of fibrin, compared with that of fibrinogen. This effect is accompanied by significant variations in the bands characteristic of aromatic chromophores. These observations favour the hypothesis (Hudry-Clergeon et al. 1975, Thromb. Res. 6, 533) that important structural events occur during the fibrinogenfibrin transition.