bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Speech-Language Pathologists' Endorsement of Speech, Language, and Literacy Myths Reveals Persistent Research–Practice Gap
Authors: McDaniel Jena , Krimm Hannah , Schuele C. Melanie
Published: February 2023

Purpose:

We explore the extent to which speech-language pathologists (SLPs) are operating under assumptions about speech, language, and literacy that are not supported by evidence or are contradicted by evidence.

Method:

SLPs (
N
= 106) marked the degree to which they endorsed or rejected four true and 11 myth (i.e., false) statements on a visual analog scale via an online survey. We analyzed the degree to which participants agreed or disagreed with these statements related to speech, language, and literacy development and impairment.

Results:

Based on results of one-sample
t
tests, participants as a group correctly rejected seven myth statements and correctly endorsed three true statements. Participants as a group provided equivocal responses to the remaining four myth statements and one true statement. Scores for each statement spanned all or nearly all of the possible range. Even when participants overall showed relatively strong disagreement with a particular myth statement, at least a few participants endorsed the myth statement.

Conclusions:

The findings indicate areas of relative strength for SLPs' knowledge of current evidence for augmentative and alternative communication, bilingualism, and language input that supports language development. Identified areas of relative weakness include knowledge of the expected grammatical and speech production skills of children with typical development and the influence of ear infections in childhood on language impairment. Additional research is needed to evaluate efforts to enhance SLPs' knowledge and use of evidence-based practices.
A novel secure data outsourcing scheme based on data hiding and secret sharing for relational databases
Authors: Rahmani Peyman , Taheri Mohammad , Fakhrahmad Seyed Mostafa
Published: February 2023

Data encryption‐based and secret sharing‐based data outsourcing schemes protect the confidentiality of sensitive attributes but not their secrecy. Ciphertexts/shares generated by a data encryption/secret sharing scheme can attract the attention of interceptors. Thus, it is desired to hide the existence of highly‐sensitive attributes (as secret attributes) in the outsourced relations in addition to protecting their contents. This paper proposes a novel scheme that integrates data hiding with secret sharing for relational databases to protect both the secrecy and confidentiality of secret attributes. It embeds one or multiple secret attributes in a relation into one or multiple cover attributes in the same relation. A set of share (and possibly index) columns are constructed such that they are pretended to be associated with only the cover attributes, while those share columns and some virtual share columns can be used to recover both the secret and cover attributes. What interceptors observe in each relation include the attributes stored in plaintext and the share (and possibly index) columns associated with the cover attributes but not any extra column. Thus, they find nothing suspicious. This is the first effective data hiding scheme for relational databases that protects the secrecy of secret attributes.
Facial expression recognition based on regional adaptive correlation
Authors: Hao Meng , Yuan Fei , Li Jing , Sun Yuting
Published: February 2023

To address the problem that the features extracted by CNN‐based facial expression recognition (FER) do not consider structural information, a region adaptive correlation deep network (RACN) is proposed. The network consists of two branches. In one branch, the features obtained by applying CNN to facial sub‐blocks are used as the input of the proposed second‐order region correlation network (SRCN), which obtains structural features by adaptively learning the correlation of facial regions. Furthermore, they are fused with the parallel branch‐extracted global features to obtain a comprehensive high‐semantic feature representation. Finally, weights are assigned to the two features through the channel attention mechanism for more accurate expression classification. Experimental results show that our method can effectively extract expression features in an end‐to‐end manner, improve the accuracy of FER, and achieve competitive performance without relying on any a priori knowledge. And the region‐adaptive correlation feature extraction branch RACN can be applied to other deep learning networks to extract discriminative structural‐adaptive features. To the best of our knowledge, our work is the first to enrich the feature representation for end‐to‐end static FER by adaptively obtaining more discriminative regional adaptive correlation feature vectors via the autocorrelation matrix combined with CNN compared to the existing literature.
Influence of parameter changes on the operation characteristics of circuit breaker with oil dashpot at low temperature
Authors: Su Xiuping , Jia Yanqing , Shi Hongwei , Fu Zhe
Published: February 2023

The iron core in the circuit breaker of oil dashpot is mainly affected by the electromagnetic force, spring force and oil damping force, which can play the function of anti‐time protection when overload current is excited. At low temperature, the viscosity of the methyl silicone oil damping fluid will change, and the parameters of spring and iron core will also change with temperature. The change of these parameters will lead to the change of the resultant force on the iron core, which will affect the operation time. To analyze this problem, a correlation model is established. Through the measurement of parameters at low temperature, numerical calculation, electromagnetic analysis, simulation analysis and compared with the experimental results, the study found that the viscosity of the damping fluid increases, the iron core is deformed, and the spring stiffness increases at low temperature. The influence of a single factor on the operation characteristics of the tripper is not enough to reflect its overall characteristics, and the comprehensive effect of each factor needs to be considered. After comprehensively considering all factors, the results are closer to the experimental results. The results provide a theoretical basis for the optimization design of the circuit breaker.
A soft switched high step‐up DC‐DC converter based on VMC and coupled inductor for photovoltaic energy applications
Authors: Hashemzadeh Seyed Majid , Hosseini Seyed Hossein , Babaei Ebrahim , Sabahi Mehran
Published: February 2023

In this paper a new topology of non‐isolated high step‐up DC‐DC is proposed for renewable applications like photovoltaic (PV) power generation. This converter is designed based on coupled inductor and VMC techniques. The main benefits of the presented topology are: (1) Continues input current with low ripple, (2) low voltage stress across semiconductors, (3) soft switching of diodes (ZVS and ZCS), (4) high voltage gain with low duty cycle, (5) low volume and cost, and (6) high power efficiency. To obtain a high output voltage, the secondary side of the coupled inductor is integrated with VMC, resulting in a large voltage gain with low duty cycles and reduced conduction loss of power switches. Additionally, diodes' zero voltage switching (ZVS) and zero current switching (ZCS) improve the efficiency of the proposed converter. The used VMCs act as a voltage clamp, and the peak voltages across power switches are reduced. The presented converter's operational modes, steady‐state, and efficiency analysis are discussed. Additionally, to indicate the performance of the suggested structure, a 200 W prototype with Vin = 33 V and Vo = 403 V voltage conversion is built, and the experimental results are presented. The experimental efficiency at Po = 200 W is measured 95.29%. Also, efficiency is measured more than 95 % for Po = 20 W to 200 W.
The use of geomembranes in the storage of potable water
Authors: Lens Jan-Pleun , Reed Lance , Peebles Ray
Published: February 2023

In the USA and Australia in particular, water authorities prefer geomembrane lined and covered earthen constructions over concrete and steel constructions because of a myriad of benefits across installation, environmental, and project cost criteria. Floating covers for water reservoirs obstruct sunlight, which prevents algae and reactive by-products from interfering with water taste and odor, prevent the evaporation of water and disinfectants, and prevent dilution from precipitation. In addition to technical background on geomembranes used for liners and covers, this paper compares the installation costs and carbon footprint for geomembrane lined and covered water reservoirs with concrete constructions.
Bituminous Geomembrane (BGM) in hot climates for hydraulic construction
Authors: Llinas Pau , Breul Bertrand
Published: February 2023

This paper will explain the reinforced structure and key characteristics that make bituminous geomembranes (BGM) an interesting option for waterproofing hydraulic works in hot climate areas. For illustrating this, the paper will review some case studies where BGM was chosen due to its characteristics. In dam application, a project for a waterproofing of a dike in Saday (Djibouti) and a rock fill dam (42-m high) in France will be explained. For irrigation in reservoir and canal lining, a work in Goudel and a canal on laterite soil in Niamey (both in Niger) will described proving use of BGM in dry tropical climates. This paper will also review the construction of raw water storage ponds in Pirque (Chile) for the city of Santiago’s potable water system. A last project will be described on a large irrigation canal in Nagpur (India) where the Pench canal, located in the center of India, convey water from the Pench River to the surrounding agricultural areas. The old canal, originally made of concrete, collapsed due to the water seepage and the swelling clay underneath.
Numerical modelling of enhancement of the capacity of buried metal culverts by using geogrids
Authors: Ezzeldin Islam , El Naggar Hany , Newhook John
Published: February 2023

This paper presents a two-dimensional numerical modelling analysis of a flexible buried corrugated metal arch culvert in Enkoping, Sweden. The numerical results of this study are validated against field measurements of the culvert crown deformation, thrust, and bending moments recorded during backfilling. To model the backfill soil, the hardening soil with small strains (HSs) material model is used because of its efficiency in simulating the soil-structure interaction. Furthermore, in a numerical investigation of the stress distribution at the culvert invert, it is found that weakness of the foundation soil has an insignificant impact, due to stress dissipation resulting from arching actions. The numerical modelling analysis also investigates the use of geogrid layers with dead end bolts in the soil cover above the culvert crown during the application of static surface loads, as an innovative technique to improve the load capacity of the soil-culvert system. The results show a reduction in culvert crown deformation and internal forces when geogrid layers are used. This indicates the efficiency of geogrid layers in improving the load capacity of existing buried culverts or overcoming deficiencies in culvert serviceability by reducing the impact of applied loads.
Experience from design & construction of a stable feature MSE wall in Dubai
Authors: Jayakrishnan P.V. , Thiyyakkandi Sudheesh , Mottadelli Luca , Halasa González Marwan
Published: February 2023

There has been continued development of various methods for mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) wall construction, often by specialized system providers, to solve problems when the available width of reinforced fill is highly restricted. The design manual FHWA-NHI-10-024 permits to reduce the length of soil reinforcements up to 30% of wall height in shored or stable featured walls. There are many instances where the available width is much less than the limits by design standards, necessitating innovative approaches. The current project involves constructing a link road as a diversion at the middle of an existing 6m high ramp made of concrete wall. The new ramp will be retained by MSE wall that will be joined to the old concrete wall within tight space limitations. To accomplish this 'stable feature MSE wall' within narrow space, it was imperative to adopt a novel method of actively connecting geogrid reinforcements and modular block fascia to existing concrete wall. This paper presents the challenges in designing a stable feature MSE wall in extremely narrow space. The presented approach of connecting the soil reinforcement to the concrete anchors was a determining factor in the project and could therefore be adopted for future projects under similar conditions.
Design methods for geogrid reinforced foundation systems on weak subsoil
Authors: Agócs Krisztina , Szatmári Tamás
Published: February 2023

Construction on weak subsoil is a reoccurring challenge for engineers nowadays, for which various different solutions are available. Geosynthetics are getting more and more popular and one of their most widely used application is subsoil reinforcement. Several types of geosynthetics can be used, the most well-known are vertical drains and geogrids. Prefabricated vertical drains can be used for accelerating consolidation in oversaturated soils with a high water content as they drain the excess water from soil while also decreasing pore water pressure, optimizing soil bearing capacity and reducing the risk of liquefaction and excess settlements. The main limitation is not significantly reducing total subsidences. Gravel and concrete piles are widely used, and in recent years, rigid inclusions (unreinforced concrete piles) are also getting popular. A common feature of them is that a so-called Load Transfer Platform (LTP) has to be built between the superstructure and the foundation to prevent direct contact with one another. The LTP between them is a stiff, reinforced layer that helps the arching of load. Design of the LTP may be carried out using several design standards, of which the most widely used are Collin’s beam method and CUR226. This paper focuses on presenting and comparing these two main design methods, emphasizing their differences and applicability while also considering their limitations.
The use of high-strength geogrids in fill embankments
Authors: Jacob Blaise , Naidoo Brandon
Published: February 2023

The uses of geosynthetics in civil engineering are relatively well-defined according to their functions. There is still, however, an inclination to use traditional methods over geosynthetics. The use of high-strength geogrids is not as widely used as lower-strength geogrids which are commonly applied in civil engineering applications. Zimbali Lakes Resort was a development that required earthworks conducted before the construction of the facilities. The initial construction required high-engineered fills that were designed to reach a height of up to 15m. The excessive load projected instability, and the high-water table necessitated the requirement for control measures. Reinforcement was required to increase the shear strength of the soil before it can support the self-weight of the fill. High-strength geogrids were used to restrict the vertical displacement of the fills by preventing base sliding, controlling differential settlement, and protecting the embankment against internal and global stability failures.
Improving the durability of roads in Africa – How geosynthetics are helping to improve the durability of roads
Authors: Sanchez Perez Ricardo , Mannsbart Gernot
Published: February 2023

It is widely known that one of the biggest challenges for Africa’s development today is its infrastructure development. It is estimated that there are $2.5 trillion in active infrastructure projects which should be completed by 2025. Even if not all projects will be completed, it shows the importance of infrastructure development in the continent. This infrastructure development includes, in its vast majority, the improvement of the road network. At the same time, asphalt degradation (and road cracking) is a worldwide problem which causes a big challenge to road and transport authorities all around the world, with a big impact in Africa as it can take a big part of the budget assigned to the road network. The premature cracking of roads implies having to invest, prematurely, more funds into road rehabilitation rather than developing the actual network. For this reason, increasing the durability of roads has become a major concern in the last years. We will go through one of the highest growing solutions which is asphalt reinforcement geocomposites and how its proper design and installation can drastically improve the design life of roads. Practical examples in Africa (recent and old) will be presented to show the benefits and how we adapt to the local conditions.
Experimental and numerical studies of the geosynthetics reinforced platforms laid over soft subgrade soil
Authors: Abou Chaz Nisrine , Briançon Laurent , Villard Pascal , Silvani Claire , Nancey Alain , Abdelouhab Abdelkader
Published: February 2023

Six full-scale unpaved test sections were constructed to investigate the benefit obtained from inclusion of geosynthetic layer. Two geotextiles were placed at the interface between the base layer and the subgrade. The results allowed the estimation of reinforcement efficiency. In addition, a numerical model coupled between the discrete element method and the finite element method has been calibrated based on the experimental results.
Pitching Biomechanics and Shoulder Function in Baseball Pitchers with
Scapular Dyskinesis
Authors: Huang Tsun-Shun , Weng Yi-Hsuan , Chang Che-Chia , Tsai Yung-Shen , Lin Jiu-jenq
Published: February 2023

The primary purpose was to investigate the influence of scapular dyskinesis (SD)
on pitching biomechanics and shoulder function in high school baseball pitchers.
The secondary purpose was to identify possible factors associated with shoulder
function in pitchers with SD. Thirty-eight pitchers were classified into the SD
group (n=26) or the non-SD group (n=12). They were evaluated
with the Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic shoulder and elbow (KJOC) scale and
clinical measurements of shoulder characteristics, and with measurements of
scapular kinematics, muscle activation, and ball speed during fastball pitching.
Compared to the controls, the pitchers with SD had less scapular external
rotation (difference=11.3 degrees, ES=0.92, p=0.012)
during overall pitching and less upper trapezius (UT) activation during the late
cocking (difference=7.1%, ES=0.79, p=0.019) and
acceleration phases (difference=12.5%, ES=0.75,
p=0.035). Higher UT activation during the late cocking phase was
significantly associated with higher KJOC scores (standardized
β=0.415, p=0.039). In conclusion, deficits in scapular
external rotation and decreased UT activation during pitching were found in
pitchers with SD. Higher UT activation may be important for shoulder function in
pitchers with SD.
The association between Diastasis recti abdominis and pelvic floor
dysfunction, sacroiliac joint dysfunction, and quality of life among postpartum
women after Cesarean delivery
Authors: Saleh Enas Abu , Walton Lori , Said Sahar , Raigangar Veena , Kim Meeyoung
Published: February 2023

Purpose The goal of this study is to see if there's a predictive
relationship between diastasis rectus abdominis and pelvic floor dysfunction,
sacroiliac joint dysfunction, and postpartum women's health-related
quality of life.

Method This cross-sectional, correlative study focused on 32 postpartum
mothers aged 18 to 45 years old. Real Ultrasound Sonographic Imaging (RUSI) was
used to determine DRA. The Pelvic Floor Disability Index was used to assess
pelvic floor dysfunction (PFDI). The Active Straight Leg Raise Test (ASLR), the
Long Dorsal Sacral Ligament Test (LDL), and the Posterior Pelvic Provocation
Test (P4) were also investigated. The Short Form-12 (SF-12) Survey was used to
assess health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

Results A negative correlation between DRA and postpartum period was
recorded (ρ=0.0001). The following categories showed a
significant positive correlation between DRA and Pelvic floor dysfunction:
Pelvic Organ Prolapse Distress Inventory-6 (POPDI-6) corelated positively with
DRA (ρ =0.01); Colorectal-Anal Distress Inventory-8 (CRAD-8)
(ρ =0.02); Urinary Distress Inventory-6 (UDI-6) (ρ
=0.00). There was no correlation between DRA and sacroiliac joint
dysfunction (ρ =0.8).

Conclusion DRA was discovered to be a strong predictor of pelvic floor
dysfunction, such as prolapse, colorectal-anal dysfunction, and urine distress.
There was no evidence of a link between DRA and sacroiliac joint dysfunction or
HRQoL.
Complications of Bicruciate-Retaining Total Knee Arthroplasty: The Importance of Alignment and Balance
Authors: Perreault Caroline , Al-Shakfa Fidaa , Lavoie Frédéric
Published: February 2023

Bicruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty (BCR TKA) results in kinematics closer to the native knee and in greater patient satisfaction but information concerning its outcome and complications is lacking.

The goal of this study is to report the clinical and radiological outcomes of BCR prosthesis implanted using a spacer-based gap balancing technique and to assess if some preoperative factors are associated with a worse prognosis.

A cohort of 207 knees in 194 patients who underwent BCR TKA, with a minimum 1-year follow-up, was retrospectively analyzed.

Patients were followed at 6 weeks, 6 months, 1 year, and then every following year postoperatively, and filled questionnaires (Knee Society and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score) at every visit. Clinical and radiological assessments included range of motion, knee alignment, pain, and complications as defined by the Knee Society's Standardized list and definition of Complication of Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Forty-three knees (20.8%) suffered major complications. Twenty-one knees (10.1%) underwent revision at an average of 32.1 months after the index procedure. Revision-free survival at 100 months was 85.7%. Revision was performed for aseptic tibial loosening in eight knees (3.9%) and stiffness in five knees (2.4%). There were 29 reoperations other than revision (14.0%), the most frequent procedure being manipulation under anesthesia in 14 knees (6.8%). Minor complications included tendonitis (20.8%), persistent synovitis (6.8%), and superficial wound infections (6.3%).

All outcomes scores were greatly improved at the 1-year follow-up compared with preoperatively (p < 0.001). However, maximum flexion at the last follow-up was significantly reduced compared with preoperatively (mean maximum flexion ± standard deviation: 119.9 ± 15.6 vs. 129.9 ± 14.4, p < 0.001). Aseptic tibial loosening was associated with a hypercorrection in varus of preoperative valgus knees (p = 0.012).

BCR TKA can give functional results similar to other types of prostheses but involves a substantial risk of complications. Important factors that can explain failed BCR TKA and guide its use were identified, more particularly knee alignment and its role in aseptic tibial loosening.
Practical Challenges in the Management and Outcome of Unknown Patients with Head Injury
Authors: Vijayasekhar Manda Venkata , Rajesh Pathi , Swaroop Kurumella Hema , Nagendra M.P.A. Babu , Kadali Satyavaraprasad
Published: February 2023

Background Majority of road accidents are treated at nearby private hospitals. Head injury patients whose identity is not established are invariably being treated at government hospitals. The factors influencing the management and outcome of such unknown patients are possible only in government hospitals. Limited studies are available related to these unknown patients.

Objective This study attempted to analyze the management issues in such patients and tried to find solutions that will improve the outcome.

Methods It was an observational study over 2 years. All patients whose identity could not be established at admission were studied. Standard traumatic brain injury protocols were followed. Issues and challenges in managing these patients were noted. Many challenges popped up once patient was shifted out of intensive care unit and were studied.

Results Eighty-five patients were studied with male preponderance. Common age group was 41 to 60 years. The main cause of head injury was road traffic accident. Seventy-six patients were severely injured. Acute subdural hematomas was the most common computed tomography finding (36 patients). Sixty-nine patients were managed conservatively and 16 needed surgery. Forty-nine patients died in hospital, and other patients recovered well. Twenty-two patients were discharged home and 11 took discharge against medical advice after being identified by relatives. None were accommodated into destitute homes even after recovery.

Conclusion Unknown patients usually have poor outcome with more deaths in spite of standard care. Their management is fraught with challenges. They need special care for which staff should be motivated; hospital must have good network to establish identity.
1.1 Modern Ullmann-Type Couplings
Authors: Huang J. , Ma D.
Published: February 2023

Ligand-promoted, copper-catalyzed, Ullmann-type couplings of aryl halides (I, Br, Cl) with various nucleophiles, including amines, hetarenes, amides, hydrazines, alcohols, phenols, thiols, sulfinates, and active methylene compounds, are reviewed in this chapter. Considerable attention has been paid to demonstrate the powerful acceleration effect of second-generation oxalic amides as ligands in modern Ullmann-type couplings. Under these catalyst systems, less-reactive but inexpensive (het)aryl chlorides can be employed as coupling partners. Moreover, the catalyst loading for coupling of aryl iodides and bromides can be reduced to <1 mol% in most cases.
1.4 Copper-Catalyzed C—H Functionalization via Radicals
Authors: Chen P. , Liu G.
Published: February 2023

The direct functionalization of C—H bonds is highly attractive due to its efficiency for converting simple molecules into a wide range of valuable organic compounds. Among available strategies, radical C—H functionalization via hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT) represents one of the most powerful approaches and allows a unique profile of reactivity and selectivity. In this review, copper-catalyzed C—H functionalizations via radicals are summarized, including C—H cyanation, arylation, alkynylation, fluoroalkylation, amination, and oxygenation. It is worth noting that the combination of chiral ligands and chiral phosphoric acids with copper catalysis enables the enantioselective functionalization of radicals.
Multi-objective optimization of parameters for magnetically coupled resonant wireless energy transmission systems
Authors: Wen Chunming , Chen Minbo , Xu Qing , He Qiuli , Wu Jiarong , Zhao Xiaohui , Liang Yuanxiong , Liang Kairong
Published: February 2023

To improve the transmission efficiency and output power of a magnetically coupled resonant wireless energy transmission system, this paper proposes a multi-objective optimization method based on the analytical expression and the improved NSGA-II algorithm. First, the analytical expressions of the electrical and performance parameters in the magnetically coupled resonant mechanism are derived. On this basis, the mathematical model of the multi-objective optimization of the magnetically coupled mechanism is established, with the size, many turns, and wire diameter of the transmitting and receiving coils in the magnetically coupled mechanism as design variables; the resonant frequency of the system, the distance between the coils, and the load size as constraints; and the transmission efficiency and transmission power as optimization objectives. Then the mathematical model is solved by the improved NSGA-II algorithm to obtain the Pareto optimal solution. Finally, the physical system is built to verify the correctness of the simulation experiment and the reliability of the experiment. This study is instructive for optimizing the transmission efficiency and output power of a magnetically coupled resonant wireless energy transmission system.
Exploring the complexity of linguistic minority students’ use of and attitudes toward everyday translanguaging practices
Authors: Fang Fan , Huang Yating
Published: February 2023

This article examines Teochew-speaking learners of English as an example of linguistic minority students’ use of and attitudes toward everyday translanguaging practices. By conducting a series of semi-structured interviews, this qualitative study specifically examines students’ translanguaging process with their mother tongue – Teochew (L1), as well as Putonghua (L2), and other languages/dialects in various contexts, such as family, school, and the wider community. The findings indicate the various translanguaging practices but also reveal a decline and marginalization in Teochew across different generations. This paper argues for the need to preserve Teochew and other heritage languages and home dialects for inclusiveness of language practice. Moreover, translanguaging practices should also be viewed as key in readdressing issues such as power and identity in daily language use, and their importance must be recognized for educational purposes.
Conflictual translanguaging in the linguistic landscape of a divided city
Authors: Tsiplakou Stavroula
Published: February 2023

Nicosia is a divided European capital; the two major ethnic communities on the island, Greek and Turkish Cypriots, were separatedde factofollowing the war of 1974. The inner-city areas delimited by the UN-controlled buffer zone were long abandoned but recently there have been attempts at gentrification. The landscape is linguistically and textually rich and diverse; walls, fences, doorways, even the walls of the ‘border’ are inscribed with an abundance of texts including political slogans, advertisements for rallies or local festivals, graffiti, posters, stencilled images, etc. In this paper, I focus on the visual and linguistic dialectic of texts that are generated ‘top-down’ and texts generated ‘bottom-up’; the former display normativity and linguistic prescriptivism, as the dominant language is Standard Greek, the ‘H’ variety in the Greek Cypriot diglossic context. In the latter, the linguistic choicede rigueuris translanguaging, involving (i) aspects of the Cypriot Greek dialect, the ‘L’ variety that is still by-and-large banned from the public domain, and code-mixing between Standard and Cypriot Greek, (ii) the use of other languages, mostly English but also French, Turkish, Russian, among others, (iii) ungrammatical structures or ‘nonsensical’ texts and (iv) subversion of orthographic conventions, etc. A micro-level linguistic analysis of individual texts and of particular types of translanguaging and linguistic and orthographicbricolageis proffered and the argument is put forward that the counternormativity of such production is predicated not only upon its content and form but crucially also upon its interdiscursivity and its engagement in an ongoing conflictual dialectic with ‘top-down’ prescriptive production.
Aging in the transport on the corrugated ratchet potential
Authors: Mazzitello Karina I , Zarlenga Daniel G , Family Fereydoon , Arizmendi Constancio M
Published: February 2023

Under rapid undercooling, glass forming liquids freeze in an amorphous state that can equilibrate only on enormously long time-scales, This is the characteristic sign of aging, which has been observed in a wide range of systems. Brownian ratchet is a widely studied system that exhibits many types of anomalous dynamical behavior. We have investigated the possibility of aging in the collective motion of Brownian particles in a periodic ratchet potential with quenched disorder. We find that when a slowly growing fraction of particles are trapped for long time, the collective movement tends to become super-diffusive. The super-diffusive transport weakly breaks the ergodicity and the time to cover the whole phase space become enormously long and reminiscent of aging behavior.
On smooth interior approximation of sets of finite perimeter
Authors: Gui Changfeng , Hu Yeyao , Li Qinfeng
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we prove that for any bounded set of finite perimeterΩ⊂Rn\Omega \subset \mathbb {R}^n, we can choose smooth setsEk⋐ΩE_k \Subset \Omegasuch thatEk→ΩE_k \rightarrow \OmegainL1L^1and<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="StartLayout 1st Row limit sup upper P left-parenthesis upper E Subscript i Baseline right-parenthesis less-than-or-equal-to upper P left-parenthesis normal upper Omega right-parenthesis plus upper C 1 left-parenthesis n right-parenthesis script upper H Superscript n minus 1 Baseline left-parenthesis partial-differential normal upper Omega intersection normal upper Omega Superscript 1 Baseline right-parenthesis period EndLayout">lim supi→∞P(Ei)≤P(Ω)+C1(n)Hn−1(∂Ω∩Ω1).\begin{align*} \limsup _{i \rightarrow \infty } P(E_i) \le P(\Omega )+C_1(n) \mathscr {H}^{n-1}(\partial \Omega \cap \Omega ^1). \end{align*}In the aboveΩ1\Omega ^1is the measure-theoretic interior ofΩ\Omega,P(⋅)P(\cdot )denotes the perimeter functional on sets, andC1(n)C_1(n)is a dimensional constant.

Conversely, we prove that for any setsEk⋐ΩE_k \Subset \OmegasatisfyingEk→ΩE_k \rightarrow \OmegainL1L^1, there exists a dimensional constantC2(n)C_2(n)such that the following inequality holds:<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="StartLayout 1st Row limit inf upper P left-parenthesis upper E Subscript k Baseline right-parenthesis greater-than-or-equal-to upper P left-parenthesis normal upper Omega right-parenthesis plus upper C 2 left-parenthesis n right-parenthesis script upper H Superscript n minus 1 Baseline left-parenthesis partial-differential normal upper Omega intersection normal upper Omega Superscript 1 Baseline right-parenthesis period EndLayout">lim infk→∞P(Ek)≥P(Ω)+C2(n)Hn−1(∂Ω∩Ω1).\begin{align*} \liminf _{k \rightarrow \infty } P(E_k) \ge P(\Omega )+ C_2(n) \mathscr {H}^{n-1}(\partial \Omega \cap \Omega ^1). \end{align*}In particular, these results imply that for a bounded setΩ\Omegaof finite perimeter,Hn−1(∂Ω∩Ω1)=0\begin{align*} \mathscr {H}^{n-1}(\partial \Omega \cap \Omega ^1)=0 \end{align*}holds if and only if there exists a sequence of smooth setsEkE_ksuch thatEk⋐ΩE_k \Subset \Omega,Ek→ΩE_k \rightarrow \OmegainL1L^1andP(Ek)→P(Ω)P(E_k) \rightarrow P(\Omega ).
Primitive Forms without Higher Residue Structure and Integrable Hierarchies (I)
Authors: Aleshkin Konstantin , Saito Kyoji
Published: February 2023

We introduce primitive forms with or without higher residue structure and explore their connection with the flat structures with or without a metric [18] and integrable hierarchies of KdV type. Just as the classical case of primitive forms with metric [12], the primitive forms without metrics are constructed as the positive part of the Birkhoff decomposition of formal oscillatory integrals with respect to the descendent variable. The oscilating integrals of a primitive form without metric give rise to a hierarchy of commuting PDE of the KdV type as in the case of primitive forms with metric. This shall be studied in (II).
Meromorphic Connections over F-manifolds
Authors: David Liana , Hertling Claus
Published: February 2023

This paper reviews one construction of Frobenius manifolds (and slightly weaker structures). It splits it into several steps and discusses the freedom and the constraints in these steps. The steps pass through holomorphic bundles with meromorphic connections. A conjecture on existence and uniqueness of certain such bundles, a proof of the conjecture in the 2-dimensional cases, and some other new results form the research part of this paper.
Hurwitz numbers from matrix integrals over Gaussian measure
Authors: Natanzon Sergey , Orlov Aleksandr
Published: February 2023

We explain how Gaussian integrals over ensemble of complex matrices with source matrices generate Hurwitz numbers of the most general type, namely, Hurwitz numbers with an arbitrary orientable or non-orientable base surface and with arbitrary profiles at branch points. Our approach makes use of Feynman diagrams. We make connections with topological theories and also with certain classical and quantum integrable theories; in particular with Witten’s description of two-dimensional gauge theory. We generalize a model of quantum Hopf equation considered by Dubrovin.
A moment map interpretation of the Ricci form, Kähler–Einstein structures, and Teichmüller spaces
Authors: García-Prada Oscar , Salamon Dietmar
Published: February 2023

This paper surveys the role of moment maps in Kähler geometry. The first section discusses the Ricci form as a moment map and then moves on to moment map interpretations of the Kähler–Einstein condition and the scalar curvature (Quillen–Fujiki–Donaldson). The second section examines the ramifications of these results for various Teichmüller spaces and their Weil–Petersson symplectic forms and explains how these arise naturally from the construction of symplectic quotients. The third section discusses a symplectic form introduced by Donaldson on the space of Fano complex structures.
Motor Symptom Asymmetry Predicts Cognitive and Neuropsychiatric Profile Following Deep Brain Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus in Parkinson’s Disease: a 5-Year Longitudinal Study
Authors: Voruz Philippe , Haegelen Claire , Assal Frédéric , Drapier Sophie , Drapier Dominique , Sauleau Paul , Vérin Marc , Péron Julie A
Published: February 2023

Introduction

Risk factors (e.g., motor symptom asymmetry) for short- and long-term cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms following deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in patients with Parkinson’s disease have yet to be fully identified. The objectives of the present study were to determine whether motor symptom asymmetry in Parkinson’s disease is one such risk factor and to identify predictors of subnormal cognitive decline.

Methods

A total of 26 patients receiving STN-DBS (13 with left-sided motor symptoms and 13 with right-sided ones) underwent follow-up neuropsychological, depression and apathy assessments over a 5-year period. Nonparametric intergroup comparisons were performed on raw scores, as well as Cox regression analyses on standardized Mattis Dementia Rating Scale scores.

Results

Compared with patients who had predominantly left-sided symptoms, right-sided patients scored higher on both apathy (at 3 months and 36 months) and depressive symptoms (at 6 months and 12 months) and scored lower on global cognitive efficiency (at 36 months and 60 months). Survival analyses revealed that only right-sided patients had subnormal standardized dementia scores, which were negatively associated with the number of perseverations in the Wisconsin Card Scoring Test.

Conclusion

Right-sided motor symptoms are a risk factor for more severe short- and long-term cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms following STN-DBS, confirming literature findings on left hemispheric vulnerability.
Infraorbital Hollow Rejuvenation: Considerations, Complications, and the Contributions of Midface Volumization
Authors: Woodward Julie , Cox Sue Ellen , Kato Kiyoko , Urdiales-Galvez Fernando , Boyd Charles , Ashourian Nazanin
Published: February 2023

Infraorbital hollows are one of the most common target areas for facial aesthetic treatment; however, they are often perceived to be challenging to treat due to the complex anatomy of the periorbital area, concurrent deformities, and risk of complications. Treatment options include surgical (eg, lower eyelid blepharoplasty with fat transposition or injections) and nonsurgical approaches (eg, fillers). Among these approaches, filler injections have become common practice because they are minimally invasive and provide long-term patient satisfaction. In particular, hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers have been shown to be safe and effective for infraorbital hollow rejuvenation. This review provides an overview of infraorbital hollows, including periorbital anatomy, etiology, clinical assessment, and overlapping deformities, such as malar mounds, festoons, and dark circles under the eyes. Patient and HA filler product selection, injection techniques, as well as potential adverse events, such as bruising/swelling, lower eyelid and malar edema, and vascular occlusions, are discussed. This review also highlights the importance of midfacial volumization to improve outcomes in the infraorbital region and in the overall aesthetic appearance. By selecting appropriate patients and attaining proficiency in periorbital anatomy and infraorbital hollow rejuvenation techniques, clinicians can safely and successfully perform HA filler injections that result in high patient satisfaction.

Level of Evidence: 5
Estimating the overall fraction of phenotypic variance attributed to high-dimensional predictors measured with error
Authors: Mandal Soutrik , Kim Do Hyun , Hua Xing , Li Shilan , Shi Jianxin
Published: February 2023

In prospective genomic studies (e.g., DNA methylation, metagenomics, and transcriptomics), it is crucial to estimate the overall fraction of phenotypic variance (OFPV) attributed to the high-dimensional genomic variables, a concept similar to heritability analyses in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Unlike genetic variants in GWAS, these genomic variables are typically measured with error due to technical limitation and temporal instability. While the existing methods developed for GWAS can be used, ignoring measurement error may severely underestimate OFPV and mislead the design of future studies. Assuming that measurement error variances are distributed similarly between causal and noncausal variables, we show that the asymptotic attenuation factor equals to the average intraclass correlation coefficients of all genomic variables, which can be estimated based on a pilot study with repeated measurements. We illustrate the method by estimating the contribution of microbiome taxa to body mass index and multiple allergy traits in the American Gut Project. Finally, we show that measurement error does not cause meaningful bias when estimating the correlation of effect sizes for two traits.
The Invasion History of Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae) in Puerto Rico: Past, Present, and Future Perspectives
Authors: Santiago-Rosario Luis Y , Faldyn Matthew J , Martínez-Cález Edda L , Rivera-Marchand Bert
Published: February 2023

The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, 1908 (Hemiptera: Liviidae), is a phloem-feeding insect pest of Citrus L. ( Sapindales: Rutaceae), Murraya J. Koenig ex L. (Sapindales: Rutaceae), and other Rutaceae, native to the Indian subcontinent and transmits the citrus greening pathogens (huanglongbing). We herein evaluate the occurrence of D. citri in Puerto Rico at a fine scale and the potential invasion history of the Caribbean from the native range. We found that the genetic diversity of D. citri in Puerto Rico, using the mitochondrial genetic marker CO1, indicated that the Caribbean haplotype is unique and more related to Southwest Asia haplotypes than other groups. Results then suggest that the invasion of the Caribbean did not occur from the United States. Also, we found that isothermality was the abiotic variable that influenced D. citri species distribution model performance the most in current and future climate change scenarios. Given the data available from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) for present D.citri reported occurrence, future projections suggest that climate change might promote an expansion of the pest to other Caribbean islands and Latin American countries. Still, it might elicit a range contraction across the Cordillera Central in Puerto Rico, possibly promoting citriculture. Regarding pest management strategies, we must consider a holistic approach to understanding D. citri invasion and resilience in novel habitats by including broader and more robust genetic population structure studies and if its current distribution reflects projected models across the neotropics.
A Field Survey of Syrphid Species and Adult Densities on Annual Flowering Plants in the Northeastern United States
Authors: Harris-Cypher Alina , Roman Caterina , Higgins Genevieve , Scheufele Susan , Legrand Ana , Wallingford Anna , Sideman Rebecca Grube
Published: February 2023

With the long-term goal of exploring the viability of conservation biological control of cabbage aphid Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in the northeastern United States, adult syrphid flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) were observed on several species of annual insectary plants at farm sites in Connecticut, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire. Insectary plant species included alyssum, Lobularia maritima (L.) (Brassicales: Brassicaceae), buckwheat, Fagopyrum esculentum (Moench) (Caryophyllales: Polygonaceae), phacelia, Phacelia tanacetifolia (Bentham) (Boraginales: Hydrophyllaceae), calendula, Calendula officinalis (L.) (Asterales: Asteraceae) and ammi, Ammi majus (L.) (Apiales: Apiaceae). Among these insectary plants, alyssum had the longest bloom period and attracted the most syrphids. We identified 21 species of syrphid flies from insectary plants. The three most prevalent species collected were the aphidophagous Toxomerus marginatus (Say) (Diptera: Syrphidae) (70.1% of samples) and T. geminatus (Say) (Diptera: Syrphidae) (8.8% of samples), as well as the non-aphidophagous Syritta pipiens (L.) (Diptera: Syrphidae) (13.1% of samples). The benefits of including these insectary plant species as a companion to Brassica (L.) (Brassicales: Brassicaceae) cropping systems are discussed.
Population Structure, Demographic History, and Adaptation of Giant Honeybees in China Revealed by Population Genomic Data
Authors: Cao Lianfei , Dai Zhijun , Tan Hongwei , Zheng Huoqing , Wang Yun , Chen Jie , Kuang Haiou , Chong Rebecca A , Han Minjin , Hu Fuliang , Sun Wei , Sun Cheng , Zhang Ze
Published: February 2023

There have been many population-based genomic studies on human-managed honeybees (Apis mellifera and Apis cerana), but there has been a notable lack of analysis with regard to wild honeybees, particularly in relation to their evolutionary history. Nevertheless, giant honeybees have been found to occupy distinct habitats and display remarkable characteristics, which are attracting an increased amount of attention. In this study, we de novo sequenced and then assembled the draft genome sequence of the Himalayan giant honeybee, Apis laboriosa. Phylogenetic analysis based on genomic information indicated that A. laboriosa and its tropical sister species Apis dorsata diverged ∼2.61 Ma, which supports the speciation hypothesis that links A. laboriosa to geological changes throughout history. Furthermore, we re-sequenced A. laboriosa and A. dorsata samples from five and six regions, respectively, across their population ranges in China. These analyses highlighted major genetic differences for Tibetan A. laboriosa as well as the Hainan Island A. dorsata. The demographic history of most giant honeybee populations has mirrored glacial cycles. More importantly, contrary to what has occurred among human-managed honeybees, the demographic history of these two wild honeybee species indicates a rapid decline in effective population size in the recent past, reflecting their differences in evolutionary histories. Several genes were found to be subject to selection, which may help giant honeybees to adapt to specific local conditions. In summary, our study sheds light on the evolutionary and adaptational characteristics of two wild giant honeybee species, which was useful for giant honeybee conservation.