bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Robotic Rehabilitation in India: A Survey of Attitudes and Perceptions
Authors: Pillai Ijaz N.
Published: August 2024

Introduction:

Robotic rehabilitation is a recent advancement in the field of neurorehabilitation that can benefit patients suffering from traumatic brain injuries, strokes and spinal cord injuries. Despite its availability in India since more than a decade, the number of people who are availing such benefits are a minority of the patient population.

Materials and Methods:

The aim of the study was to understand the trends and perceptions of people from medical and non-medical professions. The objective of the study was to evaluate the awareness levels and general perceptions about robotics in rehabilitation, across people from healthcare and other fields including rehabilitation physicians from various parts of the country, through an open survey and using an 11-point scoring system for objective evaluation. The research work was conducted as an observational survey-based study. Questions related to awareness levels, self-perceived levels of affordability and effectiveness of robotics in the field of rehabilitation were covered through a questionnaire made by the author, completely masking the personal information of the respondents to ensure anonymity.

Results:

A total of 145 people from different parts of the country belonging to both healthcare and other fields responded. Scores were assessed out of 10, in all domains. The results show a significant number of people being completely unaware of robotics in the field of rehabilitation, with a low average awareness score of 3.4 out of 10. This trend was also seen amongst medical professionals. Although the reported levels of affordability were low at 3.6, the average scores of perceived effectiveness were high at 5.9. Most people believed financial limitations and lack of awareness and availability as common barriers of implementation of robotic rehabilitation in a country like India.

Conclusion:

This study shows that despite the availability of advanced resources in major cities in the country, there is a lack of awareness amongst doctors and members from other fields, which may result in potential benefiters not being able to make informed decisions about rehabilitative options. Although doctors of the field of rehabilitation generally had a more positive response, the rest of the members are largely unaware. Improving the availability and accessibility to such advances will help provide equal opportunity of access to clients who could benefit from the same. Upscaling the manufacturing and development of indigenous robots for rehabilitation, amongst other methods may help reduce the expenses on users, thereby improving logistic and financial accessibility and availability.
Depression, anxiety, coping, and resilience among amputees: A cross-sectional tertiary care hospital-based study
Authors: Phutane Prasanna , Santre Manjeet , Tiwari Kumud , Rathi Madhur
Published: August 2024

Background:

Amputation significantly impacts an individual’s physical and psychological well-being. It is essential to understand these implications of amputation as well as the coping and resilience of amputees as part of comprehensive patient care.

Aim:

To study depression, anxiety, coping, and resilience among tertiary care amputee cases.

Materials and Methods:

Consecutive 100 amputees seeking treatment in a tertiary care hospital were included in the study with their consent after ethics committee approval. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Brief Resilience Scale (BRS-6), and Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS-21) scale were administered. The data were analyzed using the SPSS software with the Chi-square test and Spearman’s correlation.

Results:

Depression affected a significant majority (67%) of patients, while anxiety was present in one-third (33%) of individuals. Certain sociodemographic factors and clinical parameters such as age group, residence, socioeconomic status, side of amputation, and duration of amputation showed statistically significant correlations with depression, anxiety, and low resilience. Emotional coping was positively correlated to anxiety (P < 0.001) and depression (P < 0.001) while task coping was negatively correlated to anxiety (P < 0.001) and depression (P < 0.001). Resilience was negatively correlated to anxiety (P < 0.001) and depression (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

There exists a significant burden of depression and anxiety in amputees. Those with positive coping and high resilience were better at adjusting to amputation than those with emotion-based coping and low resilience.
Assessment of Stigma among Caregivers of Armed Forces Professionals Suffering from Mental Illness
Authors: Bhattacharya Chandrima , Kumar Sanjay , Sinha Alok Kumar , Ahmad Parvaiz , Ahmad Shafiq , Singh Harpreet , Ahmad Aijaz
Published: August 2024

Background:

Having a person with mental illness in the family invariably leads to stigmatic experiences to the family members. Perceived stigma in caregivers leads to social isolation, psychological distress, and suboptimal functioning. Additionally, perceived stigma among such caregivers is one of the barriers that prevent them from taking appropriate care of their dependents with mental illness. There has been little research in this field in the Indian armed forces population.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to assess the perceived stigma among caregivers of armed forces personnel suffering from mental illnesses.

Methods:

The calculated sample size was 139 but in our study period of time (December 1, 2019–February 28, 2020) we received the enough number of patients and we continued our study with 150 study subjects which is enough more than the 139. Hence, the total number of 150 caregivers visiting the psychiatry outpatient department of a tertiary care military hospital in North India along with their mentally ill dependents were included in the study after obtaining valid informed consent. The subjects were interviewed, their sociodemographic data were collected, and stigma scores were assessed on a 15-item Explanatory Model Interview Catalogue (EMIC) Stigma Scale.

Results:

Total stigma score ranged from 20 to 40 with a median of 31. Caregivers with lower level of education, lower income, rural residency, elder age, and diagnosis of psychosis/substance abuse in dependent were found to have higher scores of perceived stigma.

Conclusions:

Caregivers of patients with mental illnesses experience significant stigma which needs to be addressed so that they can provide optimum care to their mentally ill dependents.

Limitation:

As EMIC does not provide any standard cutoff for low or high stigma or to categorize persons as having stigma or not, it was difficult to compare results with other studies that used different tools to assess stigma.
A Cross-sectional Study to Assess the Patient Satisfaction in the Polyclinic Complex of a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital
Authors: Gokul Radhakrishnan Venkatesh , Sahran Deepti , Patel Neelesh , Kaur Balpreet , Aggarwal Anuj
Published: August 2024

Introduction:

Assessment of patient satisfaction is a commonly used indicator for measuring the quality of health care. This study aimed to assess patient satisfaction, identify system gaps, and provide recommendations to improve patient satisfaction.

Materials and Methods:

It is a cross-sectional study which employed a prevalidated “Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire-18” (PSQ-18) developed by RAND Corporation. Data collection spanned 4 weeks, involving 332 participants selected through simple random sampling. The analysis included descriptive statistics and scoring based on the Likert scale. Scoring focused on seven dimensions of patient satisfaction, and classification into satisfied, neutral, or dissatisfied categories was guided by guidelines provided by the PSQ-18.

Results:

The study revealed an overall patient satisfaction rate of 72%, with variations across dimensions. The highest satisfaction was observed in general satisfaction (86%).

Conclusion:

The findings aligned with global trends, emphasizing the importance of patient satisfaction in evaluating health-care quality. Continuous evaluations and the implementation of recommendations contribute to improved satisfaction and enhanced health-care quality.
Linearity of homogeneous solutions to degenerate elliptic equations in dimension three
Authors: Gálvez José A. , Mira Pablo
Published: August 2024

Given a linear elliptic equation

\sum a_{ij}u_{ij}=0

in

\mathbb{R}^{3}

, it is a classical problem to determine if its 1-homogeneous solutions

u

are linear. The answer is negative in general, by a construction of Martinez-Maure. In contrast, the answer is affirmative in the uniformly elliptic case, by a theorem of Han, Nadirashvili and Yuan, and it is a known open problem to determine the degenerate ellipticity condition on

(a_{ij})

under which this theorem still holds. In this paper we solve this problem. We prove the linearity of

u

under the following degenerate ellipticity condition for

(a_{ij})

, which is sharp by Martinez-Maure’s example: if

\mathcal{K}

denotes the ratio between the largest and smallest eigenvalues of

(a_{ij})

, we assume

\mathcal{K}|_{\mathcal{O}}

lies in

L_{\rm loc}^{1}

for some connected open set

\mathcal{O}\subset \mathbb{S}^{2}

that intersects any configuration of four disjoint closed geodesic arcs of length

\pi

in

\mathbb{S}^{2}

. Our results also give the sharpest possible version under which an old conjecture by Alexandrov, Koutroufiotis and Nirenberg (disproved by Martinez-Maure’s example) holds.
Local mean value estimates for Weyl sums
Authors: Brandes Julia , Chen Changhao , Shparlinski Igor
Published: August 2024

We obtain new estimates –both upper and lower bounds– on the mean values of the Weyl sums over a small box inside of the unit torus. In particular, we refine recent conjectures of C. Demeter and B. Langowski (2022), and improve some of their results.
Импликативно неявные расширения двуместных симметрических функций в $P_3$
Authors: Marchenkov Sergey Seraphimovich
Published: August 2024

Охарактеризованы импликативно неявные расширения всех 27 двуместных симметрических функций трехзначной логики, сохраняющих все три константы. Установлено, что среди них имеются как расширения, совпадающие с известными импликтивно замкнутыми классами, так и расширения, которые не замкнуты относительно операции суперпозиции.
Об алгебраических и комбинаторных свойствах параметров критерия распространения для булевых функций
Authors: Isaev Gleb Andreevich
Published: August 2024

В работе исследуются алгебраические и комбинаторные свойства критерия распространения для булевых функций. Доказаны необходимые и достаточные условия для мощности множества векторов, удовлетворяющих критерию распространения для булевых функций, в терминах числа нулей матрицы специального вида, ассоциированной с этой функцией. Изучен критерий распространения для булевых функций, носитель которых представляет собой подпространство пространства $V_n$ размерности $n-2$. Найдены точные соотношения для мощности множества векторов, удовлетворяющих критерию распространения для функции, равной XOR двух булевых функций от не пересекающихся наборов переменных, а также для булевых функций с нетривиальным пространством линейных структур (трансляторов).
MicroRNA-630: A potential guardian against inflammation in diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Al Madhoun Ashraf
Published: August 2024

In this editorial, we comment on the article by Wu et al published “MicroRNA-630 alleviates inflammatory reactions in rats with diabetic kidney disease by targeting toll-like receptor 4”. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) stands as a significant complication occurring from diabetes mellitus, which contributes substantially to the morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Renal tubular epithelial cell da-mage, often accompanied by inflammatory responses and mesenchymal trans-differentiation, plays a pivotal role in the progression of DKD. Despite extensive research, the intricate molecular mechanisms underlying these processes remain to be determined. Wu et al remarkable work identifies microRNA-630 (miR-630) as an emerging potential regulator of cell migration, apoptosis, and autophagy, prompting investigation into its association with DKD pathogenesis. This study endeavors to elucidate the impact of miR-630 on TEC injury and the inflammatory response in DKD rats. The role of miR-630 in human DKD will be of interest for future studies.
Non-linear relationship between age and subfoveal choroidal thickness in Chinese patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Lei Chun-Yan , Xie Jiang-Ying , Ran Qi-Bo , Zhang Mei-Xia
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

No study has investigated the change regularity between age and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).

AIM

To investigate the relationship between the SFCT and age in Chinese patients with PDR.

METHODS

This was a cross-sectional retrospective study. The participants were hospitalized individuals with type 2 diabetes who underwent vitrectomy for PDR. Con-tralateral eyes that met the criteria were included in the study. All necessary laboratory tests were performed at the time of admission. Central macular thickness (CMT) and SFCT were two quantitative assessments made using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography. CMT was measured automatically and SFCT was measured manually with digital calipers provided by the Heidelberg Eye Explorer software.

RESULTS

The final analysis included a total of 234 individuals with PDR. The average age was 55.60 years old ± 10.03 years old, and 57.69% of the population was male. Univariate analysis revealed a significant negative connection between age and SFCT in patients with PDR [β = -2.44, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): -3.46 to -1.42; P < 0.0001]. In the fully adjusted model, the correlation between SFCT and age remained steady (β = -1.68, 95%CI: -2.97 to -0.39; P = 0.0117). Spline smoothing showed that the relationship between SFCT and age in patients with PDR was non-linear, with an inflection point at 54 years of age.

CONCLUSION

Our findings suggest that age is a key determinant of choroidal thickness. The non-linear link between SFCT and age in PDR patients should be taken into account.
Corilagin alleviates podocyte injury in diabetic nephropathy by regulating autophagy via the SIRT1-AMPK pathway
Authors: Lou Yu , Luan Yu-Ting , Rong Wen-Qing , Gai Yun
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most frequent chronic microvascular consequence of diabetes, and podocyte injury and malfunction are closely related to the development of DN. Studies have shown that corilagin (Cor) has hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-hypertensive, anti-diabetic, and anti-tumor activities.

AIM

To explore the protective effect of Cor against podocyte injury in DN mice and the underlying mechanisms.

METHODS

Streptozotocin and a high-fat diet were combined to generate DN mice models, which were then divided into either a Cor group or a DN group (n = 8 in each group). Mice in the Cor group were intraperitoneally injected with Cor (30 mg/kg/d) for 12 wk, and mice in the DN group were treated with saline. Biochemical analysis was used to measure the blood lipid profiles. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to detect pathological changes in kidney tissue. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were used to assess the protein expression of nephrin and podocin. Mouse podocyte cells (MPC5) were cultured and treated with glucose (5 mmol/L), Cor (50 μM), high glucose (HG) (30 mmol/L), and HG (30 mmol/L) plus Cor (50 μM). Real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting were performed to examine the effects of Cor on podocyte autophagy.

RESULTS

Compared with the control group, the DN mice models had increased fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, triglycerides, and total cholesterol, decreased nephrin and podocin expression, increased apoptosis rate, elevated inflammatory cytokines, and enhanced oxidative stress. All of the conditions mentioned above were alleviated after intervention with Cor. In addition, Cor therapy improved SIRT1 and AMPK expression (P < 0.001), inhibited reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress, and elevated autophagy in HG-induced podocytes (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSION

Cor alleviates podocyte injury by regulating autophagy via the SIRT1-AMPK pathway, thereby exerting its protective impact on renal function in DN mice.
Knowledge and Perceptions about Diagnosis, Clinical Management, and Prevention of Dengue Fever among Physicians during the 2023 Outbreak: A Cross-Sectional Study in Peru
Authors: Araoz-Salinas Julieta M. , Ortiz-Saavedra Brando , Soriano-Moreno Anderson N. , Reategui-Garcia Martín E. , Quispe-Vicuña Carlos , Murrieta-Ruiz Valentina , De-Los-Rios-Pinto Abraham , Benito-Vargas Raysa M. , Sangster-Carrasco Lucero , Morocho-Alburqueque Noelia , Ponce-Rosas Linda , Alave Jorge , Gonzales-Zamora Jose A.
Published: August 2024

The objective of this study was to evaluate the knowledge level and perception of dengue fever management among Peruvian physicians and to determine the factors associated with higher knowledge. We conducted an analytical cross-sectional study based on an online survey. To evaluate the factors associated with a high level of knowledge (≥70% of correct answers), we used crude (cPR) and adjusted (aPR) prevalence ratios by the Poisson regression model. Of 359 respondents (median age: 33 years; male: 56.5%), 78.8% achieved a high level of knowledge. Multivariable analysis showed an independent association with having read the Peruvian clinical practice guidelines for dengue management (aPR: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.12–1.49), having experience in treating patients (aPR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.03–1.68), and having treated cases frequently (aPR: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.02–1.46). Residing in the eastern macroregion (aPR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.71–0.97) was associated with a low level of knowledge. In conclusion, Peruvian physicians had a high level of knowledge about dengue fever. This was associated with having clinical experience in dengue management. However, given the low level of knowledge in the eastern macroregion, educational campaigns are necessary in this area.
Case Report: Campylobacter Bacteremia in India
Authors: Meda Srived , Shenoy Padmaja , Kumar Gauri , Varma Muralidhar , Mukhopadhyay Chiranjay , Kalwaje Eshwara Vandana
Published: August 2024

Gastroenteritis is the frequent clinical manifestation of infection by Campylobacter spp., whereas invasive infections such as bacteremia are less commonly reported. We report 12 cases of Campylobacter bacteremia from a tertiary-care hospital in India and describe their relatively unique characteristics compared with the previously published reports. These cases were detected after the introduction of new blood culture media. The most common symptoms were fever (eight cases, 67%), abdominal pain (six cases, 50%), and vomiting (four cases, 33%), whereas only two cases (17%) had diarrhea. Chronic liver disease was the common underlying condition affecting eight patients (75%). The median Child–Pugh and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease scores were 9 (interquartile range: 7–9.5) and 20 (interquartile range: 15–23) respectively. Campylobacter jejuni was isolated in six patients (50%), two of whom had preceding diarrhea and one patient who had culture evidence of C. jejuni in ascitic fluid. The in-hospital mortality was 8%, but this was due to subsequent Escherichia coli sepsis.
Factors associated with parental acceptance of Covid-19 pediatric vaccination in camiling, Tarlac, Philippines: A cross sectional study
Authors: Ramirez Ritchel Ann Rovillos , Quiambao Princess De Leon , Razalan John Karl Garcia , Redito Angel Rose Cano , Reyes Pauline Mae Talla , Salcedo Kristine Claire Gregorio , Tomas Janna Arianne Servan , Rivera Luzviminda Gabato
Published: August 2024

Controlling, containing, and fighting the Covid-19 virus depends on vaccination; thus, everyone is qualified. All are encouraged to take the Covid-19 jab for the country to achieve herd immunity. Moreover, for pediatric vaccination, parents’ decisions play a crucial role in the vaccination program. The study assessed the factors associated with parental acceptance of pediatric vaccination for Covid-19. The study was conducted at Camiling Central Elementary School in Camiling, Tarlac - for the School Year 2022 - 2023. The study used quantitative descriptive research with a correlational design with 310 parents as the respondents using Slovin’s Formula at a 5% error. Structured, validated, and reliability-tested questionnaires - were used in gathering data. The study found that most respondents were less than 40 years old, most were women, had completed college level, and most were from the lower class in their economic status. In addition, the study revealed that 298 out of 310 parents had received Covid-19 vaccines. However, there were 12 who were not vaccinated because they were still undecided. The study also found that respondents primarily obtained information about Covid-19 through social media. In addition, the study revealed that the respondents moderately accepted pediatric vaccination of Covid-19 in terms of effectiveness, convenience, complacency, and confidence. It showed no significant correlation between the demographic profile of age (p = 0.237, r = 0.067), gender (p = 0.270, r = 0.063), educational attainment (p = 0.144, r = 0.083), and level of parental acceptance. Moreover, the study discovered a substantial connection between economic status (p = 0.130, r = 0.086), vaccination status (p = 0.025, r = 0.127), and level of parental acceptance of Covid-19 pediatric vaccination. Finally, there are problems encountered by the respondents in Covid-19 vaccination. Thus, researchers proposed intervention measures to address the related issues.
Eyyûb Bin Halîl’in Tezkiretü’l-Acâyib ve Tercemetü’l-Garâyib Adlı Eserinde Taşlar
Authors: Bardakçı Ramazan , Tıraş Yusuf Can
Published: August 2024

İslam medeniyetinde taşlar hakkında edinilen bilgiler, kimi zaman tercüme kimi zaman da telif eserlerle insanlara aktarılmıştır. Osmanlı Devleti’nde taşlara özgü ilk eserler 15. yüzyılda tercüme yoluyla görülmeye başlanmıştır. Klasik Türk edebiyatı geleneğinde önemli bir yeri olan bu eserlerde anlatılan bilgiler, farklı ansiklopedik eserlerde özel bir bölüm olarak da yer almıştır. Bu türde olan eserlerden biri de 16. yüzyılda yaşamış olan Eyyûb bin Halîl’in (d. ?–ö. 1570’den sonra) Tezkiretü’l-Acâyib ve Tercemetü’l-Garâyib adlı ansiklopedik eseridir. Bu eserde mütercim, otuz dört taş hakkında bilgi vermektedir. Eserde bu taşların renkleri, bulundukları bölgeler ve özellikleri anlatılmaktadır. Bu bilgilerin genellikle Aristoteles’e atfedilen Kitâbü’l-Ahcâr’dan aktarıldıkları göze çarpmaktadır. Ayrıca İbn Sînâ, Galinos, Belinas gibi önemli ilim insanlarının eserlerinden de faydalanılmıştır. Tek ve yarım kalmış bir nüshası bulunan eserin vermiş olduğu bilgiler dönemin bilgi, kültür ve dil anlayışını göstermektedir. Bu çalışmanın birinci bölümünde Eyyûb b. Halîl ve eseri, ikinci bölümünde eserdeki taşlar yer aldığı sıraya göre verilerek incelenmiştir.
The Evolving Nature of Cyber Attacks and the Need for Proactive Defense Measures
Authors: Nik Aein Koupaei Alireza
Published: August 2024

IA growing and pervasive threat in today’s interconnected digital landscape. Cyber-attacks refer to malicious activities carried out by individuals or groups to compromise computer systems, networks, or data for various purposes, including financial gain, espionage, or disruption of services. The research highlights the evolving nature of cyber-attacks, with attackers constantly adapting their tactics, techniques, and procedures to exploit vulnerabilities in technology and human behavior. The analysis emphasizes the wide range of cyber-attack types, such as phishing, malware infections, ransomware attacks, distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks, and advanced persistent threats (APTs). It discusses the potential impact of cyber-attacks on individuals, organizations, and even nations, including financial losses, reputational damage, compromised privacy, and disruption of critical infrastructure. Furthermore, the research acknowledges the challenges in combating cyber-attacks, including the rapid proliferation of sophisticated attack methods, the complexity of modern IT systems, and the shortage of skilled cybersecurity professionals. It emphasizes the importance of proactive defense measures, such as robust network security architectures, continuous monitoring and threat detection systems, timely patching and updates, employee education, and incident response plans. Overall, this highlights the urgency and significance of addressing cyber-attacks in today’s digital era. It underscores the need for ongoing research, collaboration, and innovation in the field of cybersecurity to stay ahead of the evolving threat landscape and safeguard the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of digital systems and data
Şanlıurfa İli İçin Olası Kayıpların Deprem Senaryosu ile Tahmini
Authors: Akgül İbrahim , Bayraktar Hüseyin
Published: August 2024

Bu çalışma Şanlıurfa ili için potansiyel bir depremin etkilerini değerlendirmek ve buna karşı hazırlıklı olmak amacıyla yazılmıştır. Deprem senaryosu bölgedeki fay hatları, zemin koşulları ve diğer jeolojik faktörlere dayanarak olası bir depremin etkilerini modellemektedir. Çalışma Şanlıurfa'nın deprem riskini anlamak ve buna uygun hazırlık tedbirlerini almak amacıyla önemli bilgiler sağlamaktadır. Fay hatlarından kaynaklanan depremsellik ve mikrobölgelendirme çalışmaları ile bölgenin deprem riski belirlenmekte, yapı stoğunun olası hasar görebilirlik durumları belirlenebilmektedir. Şanlıurfa'nın depremselliği, geçmişte yaşanmış depremlerle ilişkilendirilmiş ve bölgedeki fay hatları incelenerek deprem senaryosu oluşturulmuştur. Özellikle Doğu Anadolu Fay Hattı'nın bölgedeki depremleri etkileyebileceği vurgulanmıştır. Deprem senaryo sonuçları olası hasarlı bina sayılarını, ölü ve yaralı sayıları gibi acil durum yönetimi için kritik bilgiler sunmaktadır. Aynı zamanda bölgede barınma ihtiyacı olan kişi sayısı ve sağlık altyapısının bu duruma nasıl cevap verebileceği gibi önemli konuları ele almaktadır. Öneriler arasında deprem öncesinde alınabilecek önlemler, riskli yapı stoğunun güçlendirilmesi, acil durum ekiplerinin hazırlıklı olması, sağlık altyapısının güçlendirilmesi ve afet yönetimi planlarının daha da geliştirilmesi gibi konular bulunmaktadır. Bu öneriler, gelecekte olası bir depreme karşı Şanlıurfa’da bulunan yerel yönetimlerin ve halkın hazırlıklı olmasına katkı sağlayabilir. Sonuç olarak, bu deprem senaryosu, bölgedeki potansiyel riskleri vurgulayarak, yerel yönetimlere, uzmanlara ve topluma deprem tehlikesine karşı hazırlıklı olma konusunda rehberlik etmek amacıyla tasarlanmıştır. Ancak gerçek bir deprem durumunda alınacak önlemler, daha geniş katılımla ve daha spesifik bilgilerle belirlenecek ve uygulanacaktır
Country Report
Authors: Bownass Toby
Published: August 2024

As a result of the acts of devolution in Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland, the education systems of each nation (plus England)tea are different. Differences may pertain to the age students start following the national curriculum, what the national curriculum includes, public exam bodies, and ages of compulsory school attendance. As such, this country report will focus on philosophy in schools in England. Isolating data solely to England, however, will not always be possible, for example concerning the numbers of students taking A Level Philosophy which is taken in all nations.
Annotating Metaphorical Mappings: An Implementation of Steen’s Five Step Method
Authors: Dipper Stefanie , Elwert Frederik
Published: August 2024

This paper presents an implementation of the Five Step Method first proposed by Gerard J. Steen. It shows the utility of the method for annotating metaphorical language and the underlying conceptual mappings in religious texts from different cultural and linguistic contexts. A number of adjustments to the original method are introduced to make the method more accessible and guide annotators from various disciplinary backgrounds. After introducing the general procedure, a number of edge cases are discussed and possible ways of dealing with more complex metaphors are presented.
SYNTHESIS OF MATERIALS BASED ON COMPOUNDS OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS WITH TITANIUM, HAFNIUM AND ZIRCONIUM AS PROMISING NEUTRON ABSORBERS FOR NUCLEAR REACTORS
Authors: Chernov І.О. , Kushtym А.V. , Malykhin S.V.
Published: August 2024

A review of the methods for the synthesis of titanates, hafnates, and zirconates of rare earth elements, primarily dysprosium, which have been applied as neutron-absorbing materials for nuclear reactors or are promising due to their high radiation resistance, phase stability, compatibility with structural materials, and corrosion resistance is presented. The characteristics of titanates, hafnates, and zirconates of dysprosium obtained by these methods are presented: high-temperature solid-phase synthesis in compacted mixtures of initial oxides; induction melting of oxides in a “cold” container; chemical methods based on co-precipitation and heat treatment of aqueous solutions; mechanochemical activation of oxide powders in planetary mills followed by heat treatment; plasma-chemical syn-thesis.
On Various Soil Moisture Measurement Techniques Available in the Literature
Authors: Hasar Hafize
Published: August 2024

The sustainability and health of soil associated with its productivity are closely related to soil moisture. The amount of water in the soil is an important parameter in the mobility of nutrients in the soil, in soil reclamation studies, and in the leaching-transportation and mixing of fertilizers and other chemicals applied to the soil into the groundwater. On the other hand, it has become important today not only to minimize water consumption but also to accurately measure the amount of moisture in the soil so that the proper amount of water that the plant needs can be circulated to the root zone of the plant. In this context, information was given about various measurement methods for determining soil moisture (direct and indirect - thanks to correlations) existing in the literature, and among these studies, especially the studies on microwave methods were examined. Comparison results of the dielectric constant values are obtained for three different soil samples with different gravimetric volumetric moisture rates by one of the calibration-independent non-resonant microwave measurement methods, which have a high application potential and is different from the existing calibration-requiring microwave measurement methods, and the dielectric constant values predicted by the Mironov model in the literature are presented. The comparison result showed that this new type of microwave measurement method has a high potential for measuring the moisture value of soil samples.
Implications of Artificial Intelligence in Education. The Educator as Ethical Leader
Authors: Burgueño López Jorge
Published: August 2024

Technological media are evolving at great speed, and this development inevitably affects the pedagogical approach that institutions and educators implement in the classroom. The great irruption of Artificial Intelligence tools makes it necessary to reflect on the use of these applications in educational centres at all levels, from Early Childhood Education to Higher Education. These tools have enormous possibilities and applications for the improvement of learning in many aspects, but it is also necessary to analyse the ethical implications that their use may entail, and the role of the educator in this whole process. In this sense, it is proposed that the teacher should become an ethical leader, providing adequate spaces for all students to have the opportunity to achieve learning, becoming a person who inspires those around him/her, and leading the ethical debate involved in the use of these technologies, fostering a critical spirit and knowledge. The presence of the human being in the educational process cannot be doubted, due to the presence of dimensions of the human being such as the emotional or spiritual dimension, which are part of the integral development of the individual and must be nurtured. A theoretical reflection on AI in education shows that it shifts educators' roles from traditional instructors to facilitators and ethical leaders, crucial for guiding personalized learning and addressing ethical considerations in AI use.
Tipos de corantes presentes em rótulos de iogurtes: estudo exploratório descritivo
Authors: Soares Ellen , Ferreira Vanessa , Silva Rosimar , Pontes Daiana
Published: August 2024

Objetivo: Identificar os tipos de corantes presentes em iogurtes e descrever os efeitos destes compostos na saúde do consumidor. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, descritivo- observacional, no qual foram coletadas informações de 92 rótulos de iogurtes convencionais, diet e light, disponíveis em 3 supermercados da cidade de Barbacena, Minas Gerais. Os rótulos foram analisados para identificar os corantes presentes na lista de ingredientes. Resultados: Do total da amostra avaliada, correspondente a 12 marcas distintas, foram identificados 9 corantes sendo: 5 naturais, 2 sintéticos idênticos aos naturais e 2 artificiais. A predominância nos rótulos analisados foi de corantes naturais e dentre esses, o carmim de cochonilha foi o mais encontrado (n=42; 45,65%), seguido do urucum (n=20; 21,74%). Os corantes sintéticos idênticos aos naturais e os artificiais foram encontrados em menor quantidade, estando presentes em 3,26% e 4,35% dos rótulos analisados, respectivamente. Do total de rótulos avaliados, 32,61% não apresentaram esta classe de aditivos alimentares. Conclusão: Os corantes artificiais, quando consumidos em excesso, têm gerado grande preocupação devido aos riscos de efeitos deletérios à saúde dos consumidores que, por sua vez, vêm buscando por uma alimentação mais saudável e nutritiva. Desse modo, a indústria alimentícia busca cada vez mais alternativas onde os corantes sintéticos são substituídos pelos naturais, que proporcionam menor risco à saúde, como descrito nos resultados do presente estudo.
Palavras-chave: Aditivos Alimentares. Corantes de Alimentos. Iogurte.
VOLONTYORLIK FAOLIYATINIG IJTIMOIY-PEDAGOGIK MUAMMOLARI
Authors: Xushnazarova Ma’mura
Published: August 2024

Ushbu maqolada volontyorlik faoliyati, uning maqsad va vazifalari, talaba-yoshlar faoliyatida, shuningdek jamiyatning ijtimoiy hayotida tutgan oʻrni, volontyorlik faoliyatining asosiy yoʻnalishlari haqida fikr yuritilgan.
Transtorno mental comum entre estudantes de enfermagem durante a pandemia de Covid-19
Authors: De Palma Silva Marisangela , Wandekoken Kallen Dettmann , Souza Rayane Cristina Faria de , Portugal Flavia Batista
Published: August 2024

Introdução: O Transtorno Mental Comum (TMC), caracterizado por sintomas não psicóticos, representa uma significativa demanda nos serviços de saúde, tanto no Brasil, onde sua prevalência na população geral pode chegar a 50%, quanto globalmente, com variações entre 14,7% e 21,8%. Em meio a uma crise sanitária em andamento, como a pandemia de Covid-19, espera-se um agravamento da instabilidade emocional, especialmente entre os estudantes universitários, que enfrentam um ambiente acadêmico desafiador, podendo afetar sua qualidade de vida e saúde mental. Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência de TMC e seus fatores associados entre estudantes de enfermagem de uma universidade pública durante a pandemia de Covid-19, para isso, realizamos um estudo transversal. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal. Os dados foram coletados entre maio e junho de 2020, com questionários aplicados a 148 estudantes do curso de enfermagem, e encaminhados por meio de um link via do Google Forms. Os instrumentos utilizados avaliaram questões sociodemográficas e, rastreio de TMC através da aplicação do questionário Self-Reporting Questionnaire. Resultados: Os achados revelaram uma prevalência de TMC, atingindo 64,8% dos estudantes de enfermagem. Fatores associados incluíram a presença de problemas psicológicos atuais (OR: 4,9; IC: 2,0-12,2) e insatisfação com o curso (OR: 3,8; IC: 1,6-8,9). Conclusão: Observou-se uma alta prevalência de TMC entre os estudantes universitários, possivelmente exacerbada pela crise global de Covid-19. Esses resultados destacam a necessidade urgente de intervenções para promover a saúde mental e o bem-estar desses jovens em ambientes educacionais desafiadores e em tempos de crise.
The Effects of Digital Technologies on Green Logistics Performance in Tanzania: A Moderation and Mediation Analysis Using PLS-SEM
Authors: Shatta Deus N. , Mwakyeja Benjamin , Mgawe Nicholaus , Myamba Benitha
Published: August 2024

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of digital technologies on the green logistics performance of Tanzanian procuring entities. The study was guided by the technology-organization-environment model, the Schumpeter theory of innovation, and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology. A total of 427 respondents were included in the study, and data were collected using the stratified sampling technique. The study employed post positivism research paradigm and involved the use of explanatory cross-sectional surveys in data collection. The data were collected by administering questionnaires and examining relevant documents. The inferential statistics analysis of data collected was conducted using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling with the help of SmartPLS 4 software. The data collected on respondents' profiles was analyzed using descriptive statistics with the assistance of IBM SPSS Statistics Version 26. The results suggest that the use of augmented reality, predictive analytics, information and communication technology (ICT) specialists, and the intention to use robots all have a beneficial impact on the efficiency and effectiveness of green logistics. The study recommends that suppliers and buyers in Tanzania and other developing countries should use robots, augmented reality, ICT specialists and predictive analytics to improve the green logistics performance.
Heated Humidified High Flow Nasal Cannula for Non-Invasive Primary Respiratory Support in Neonates: Experience of a Referral Neonatal Level III Facility in South-South Nigeria
Authors: Abiodun Moses Temidayo , Enato Izehiuwa G.
Published: August 2024

Background: Heated humidified high flow nasal cannula (HHHFNC) is an increasingly used tool for non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in neonates and children needing advanced respiratory support.1 In neonates, common indications for HHHFNC therapy include: respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), post extubation from mechanical ventilation; and other causes of respiratory distress. Its use in Nigeria is not widespread. The aim of this study is to assess the indications, clinical characteristics, outcome and determinants of the successful use of HHHFNC for providing primary respiratory support for neonates referred and needing NIV in a Level III NICU in Nigeria. Methods: This was a retrospective study. All neonates in this study were referred to our facility, Med-Vical Medical Centre, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria and received HHHFNC for primary respiratory support. Results: The highest indication for primary use of HHHFNC for neonates was respiratory distress syndrome (50.0%). The success rate of HHHFNC in this study was high (70.0%). Although not statistically significant, a higher proportion of neonates in the failure group weighed less than 1kg, while in the successful group, a higher proportion was delivered after 28 weeks. All infants who stayed longer than 7days on admission belonged to the successful group, and none failed HHHFNC therapy. This difference was statistically significant (p=0.011). In conclusion, this study revealed that the success rate of HHHFNC therapy as primary respiratory support in neonates with respiratory distress is high (70.0%), thus it can be used confidently in neonates needing NIV. Length of hospital stay was the only significant factor associated with the successful use of HHHFNC as primary respiratory support.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Berbasis Ekonomi Kreatif dalam Meningkatkan Kemandirian Ekonomi Masyarakat Desa Kaduara Timur Kecamatan Pragaan Kabupaten Sumenep
Authors: Halil Hermanto
Published: August 2024

The efforts to empower the people of East Kaduara Village, Pragaan District, Sumenep Regency have provided knowledge, awareness, and full power of the people in achieving changes to become a more independent society. This study uses qualitative methods, in which the researcher becomes the key instrument. The data collection technique is carried out in a triangulation (combined) manner, the data is inductive in nature, and the results of the research are focused on the core or meaning and not globally. Based on the place of implementation, this research is field research and literature. If reviewed based on its use, this research is applied research (applied research). The research results show that creative economy-based community empowerment activities have gone through 1) The process of creative economy-based community empowerment is carried out through the activities of making creative economic products in Kaduara Timur Village, Pragaan District, Sumenep Regency which includes the stages of implementation. 2) There is potential for natural resources, human resources, and business potential in East Kaduara Village, Pragaan District, Sumenep Regency, it is proven that the community can utilize and develop local potential. 3) By forming community groups, it will be easier to mobilize community empowerment, such as fishermen groups, Gapoktan, and others. 4) Community participation occurs by providing awareness. 5) Training has been given even in 1 year 4-5 times received training. It is hoped that after receiving the training the results can be developed with their group mates.
Pendirian Rumah Baca untuk Meningkatkan Literasi Anak pada Masa New Normal di Satuan Pemukiman 1 Transmigrasi Kabupaten Ketapang Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Harahap Saima Putrini R
Published: August 2024

In the new normal period, the face-to-face learning process in schools is not optimal because of the limitation of learning time by changing shifts to avoid crowds. This makes students not fully understand the material presented by the teacher. The purpose of this activity is to improve children's literacy in the new normal period in Settlement Unit 1 (SP 1) Transmigration in Sungai Besar Village, Matan Hilir Selatan District, Ketapang Regency through the establishment of reading houses as a place to assist children's learning after school. This community service activity is carried out by using the observation method and socializing the establishment of reading houses in partnership with PKH (Hope Family Program) companions and the Ketapang District Public Library as suppliers of books or reading materials in the established reading houses. Observation activities were carried out to determine the condition of the student learning process in the new normal period. The socialization activity was carried out to explain the establishment, management and programs that will be carried out in reading houses with the stages of mentoring the establishment of reading houses through PKH assistants on duty at SP1 Sungai Besar Village, introduction to peer tutoring, introduction to literacy culture for local communities. SP 1 Sungai Besar Village, and the recruitment of volunteers and people who care about literacy. The result of this activity is the establishment of a reading house by utilizing unused residents' houses. The manager of the reading house is a Ketapang State Polytechnic student who lives in SP 1 Sungai Besar Village and several students in the area.
Pendampingan Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM) melalui Pemanfaatan Platform Digital di Desa Tambang Besi
Authors: Sodiah Sodiah , Fitri Desrifa , Aziz Suci Karlina , Nashikha Nurul Latifatun , Mukni Rahma Mutia , Sari Ika Yulia , Bashori Bashori
Published: August 2024

This research aims to improve the skills and knowledge of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Tambang Besi Village, focusing on the production and marketing of traditional snacks. With an emphasis on product diversification and the utilization of digital marketing, the research objectives encompass enhancing local economic growth, expanding market access, and preserving the authenticity of traditional flavors. The study employs a community engagement approach involving both faculty and students in mentoring activities. Data collection methods include interviews, observations, document analysis, and mentoring. The findings of the research are as follows: 1) The planning phase involves setting objectives and identifying the strengths and weaknesses of MSMEs. The implementation phase includes socialization, product creation, and promotion through social media. Evaluation is conducted through survey-interviews and social media analysis to measure the progress of MSMEs during the development period. 2) The addition of dumplings as a diversification effort has successfully aligned with the tastes of children and teenagers, enhancing the appeal of MSME products. The effective use of digital marketing through social media has increased product visibility, evident in the rise in likes, comments, and shares. 3) The mentoring activities also identified weaknesses, such as limited knowledge in marketing, insufficient skills in innovation, and restricted market access. Based on the research outcomes, it is recommended to continuously integrate innovative products following the latest food trends and strengthen digital marketing strategies. MSME participants should consistently receive guidance in managing and expanding market access while enhancing skills in utilizing social media.
Influence of Short-Term Employment Contracts on Performance of Health Care Workers at Nakuru County Level 4 and 5 Public Hospitals
Authors: Thirikwa Purity , Mwangi Eunice , Njoroge Kezia
Published: August 2024

Purpose: The study investigated the impact of short-term employment contracts on the performance of health workers at Nakuru County public hospitals, focusing on 490 contracted workers from PGH Nakuru and Naivasha Referral Hospital.
Methodology: Using stratified random sampling and a sample size of 220 respondents, data was collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed with SPSS version 25 using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Findings: The analysis revealed that employment continuity had a minimal and statistically insignificant effect on performance (p=.923), whereas benefits award significantly improved performance (p=.025). Increased supervision had the most substantial impact, significantly enhancing performance (p=.000). Employment relations also positively influenced performance but was statistically insignificant (p=.060). The results suggest that supervision is the most critical factor affecting the performance of short-term contract workers, followed by benefits award. In contrast, employment continuity and employment relations were less influential.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: The study recommends that hospitals should invest in mentorship programs to enhance employment continuity and job satisfaction, thereby improving performance. These programs would support personal and career development, contributing to better overall performance for contracted health workers.