bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Welchen Effekt haben Diabetestechnologien zur Behandlung von Hypoglykämieproblemen bei Typ-1-Diabetes?
Authors: Hermanns Norbert , Kulzer Bernhard , Ehrmann Dominic
Published: November 2019

Hypoglykämieprobleme sind eine bleibende Herausforderung für die Diabetestherapie. In den letzten Jahren wurden neue Diabetestechnologien wie die kontinuierliche Glukosemessung, das sensorbasierte Flash-Glukose-Monitoring, die sensorunterstützte Insulinpumpentherapie und Closed-Loop-Systeme entwickelt und evaluiert. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit soll der Beitrag dieser Diabetestechnologie für die Behandlung von Vermeidung von biochemischen und schweren Hypoglykämien aufgezeigt werden. Eine Metaanalyse zeigte, dass der Anteil biochemischer Hypoglykämien signifikant um 3–4 Prozentpunkte gesenkt werden konnte. Eine Metaanalyse mit Studien, welche speziell Probanden mit Hypoglykämien einschlossen, konnte die Inzidenz schwerer Hypoglykämien, deren Behandlung Fremdhilfe erforderte, durch kontinuierliche Glukosemessung und sensorunterstützte Insulinpumpentherapie ebenfalls signifikant um 53 % gesenkt werden. Moderne Diabetestechnologien sind neben edukativen Maßnahmen bei Typ-1-Diabetes eine wirksame Intervention bei Hypoglykämieproblemen.
Effects of Different Disinfection Methods on Microleakage of Giomer Restorations
Authors: Mutluay Abidin Talha , Mutluay Merve
Published: November 2019

Objectives The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the effects of different disinfection methods on microleakage of Class V Giomer restorations.

Materials and Methods Class V cavity preparation was performed on 40 sound permanent central incisors. Class V cavities (3 x 2 x 2 mm) were prepared on the buccal surfaces of the selected teeth. The teeth were randomly divided into four groups, each to be disinfected with a different method: Group 1—Disinfection with 2% chlorhexidine, Group 2—Disinfection with 6% sodium hypochlorite, Group 3—Disinfection with erbium, chromium: yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet laser, Group 4—Control (distilled water). BeautiBond adhesive and Beautifil II Giomer restoration materials were applied to all surfaces of the cavities after the disinfection of all groups. The teeth were thermocycled 5,000 times (5–55°C), and then were immersed in 0.5% methylene blue for 24 hours. After rinsing, the teeth were longitudinally sectioned and dye penetration was assessed under a stereomicroscope (40x) to evaluate microleakage.

Statistical Analysis The results were statistically evaluated by using the Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests.

Results Statistically, no significant difference was found between all four groups (p > 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in microleakage scores of study groups (p > 0.05). Also, the microleakage scores of the gingival margins were significantly higher than the incisal margins (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions Application of the different cavity disinfectants has no effect on the microleakage of Class V Giomer restorations.
Evaluating the Impact of Interruptive Alerts within a Health System: Use, Response Time, and Cumulative Time Burden
Authors: Elias Pierre , Peterson Eric , Wachter Bob , Ward Cary , Poon Eric , Navar Ann Marie
Published: November 2019

Background Health systems often employ interruptive alerts through the electronic health record to improve patient care. However, concerns of “alert fatigue” have been raised, highlighting the importance of understanding the time burden and impact of these alerts on providers.

Objectives Our main objective was to determine the total time providers spent on interruptive alerts in both inpatient and outpatient settings. Our secondary objectives were to analyze dwell time for individual alerts and examine both provider and alert-related factors associated with dwell time variance.

Methods We retrospectively evaluated use and response to the 75 most common interruptive (“popup”) alerts between June 1st, 2015 and November 1st, 2016 in a large academic health care system. Alert “dwell time” was calculated as the time between the alert appearing on a provider's screen until it was closed. The total number of alerts and dwell times per provider per month was calculated for inpatient and outpatient alerts and compared across alert type.

Results The median number of alerts seen by a provider was 12 per month (IQR 4–34). Overall, 67% of inpatient and 39% of outpatient alerts were closed in under 3 seconds. Alerts related to patient safety and those requiring more than a single click to proceed had significantly longer median dwell times of 5.2 and 6.7 seconds, respectively. The median total monthly time spent by providers viewing alerts was 49 seconds on inpatient alerts and 28 seconds on outpatient alerts.

Conclusion Most alerts were closed in under 3 seconds and a provider's total time spent on alerts was less than 1 min/mo. Alert fatigue may lie in their interruptive and noncritical nature rather than time burden. Monitoring alert interaction time can function as a valuable metric to assess the impact of alerts on workflow and potentially identify routinely ignored alerts.
Florid Cemento-Osseous Dysplasia Masquerading as Osteomyelitis: An Exceptional Case Report in an Indian Female
Authors: Kaur Harveen , Patil Deepa Jatti
Published: November 2019

Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia consists of a group of fibro-osseous lesions with multiquadrant involvement, generally seen in the tooth-bearing portions of the mandible. These lesions are most common in middle-aged black women and rare in the Indian population, with only five cases been documented in the international literature in the Indian population. This manuscript presents a case of a 60-year-old female patient, who presented with a history of nonhealing extraction socket for 2 years and on examination demonstrated ulcerated alveolar mucosa with exposed necrotic bone. Panoramic and computed tomography images revealed multiple homogenous radio-opacities throughout the jaws. The lesion was diagnosed as florid cemento-osseous dysplasia on the basis of clinical and radiologic examination. The patient was prescribed antibiotics with iodoform dressings and proper oral hygiene maintenance.
The Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless transition in bulk MgB2:(La,Sr)MnO3 superconductor-ferromagnetic nanocomposites
Authors: D’yachenko A. I. , Tarenkov V. Yu. , Krivoruchko V. N.
Published: November 2019

The results of studying the transport characteristics of the MgB2:La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 (LSMO) nanocomposite with a 3:1 volume content of components are presented. The experiments have shown that the temperature behavior of resistance of bulk MgB2:LSMO samples during the transition to the superconducting state is described by the Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless (BKT) model for 2D superconductors. The observed features of the transport properties are most likely due to two characteristic spatial scales in the system: 1) a significant difference between the geometrical dimensions of the constituent components (micrometer-sized MgB2 particles and LSMO nanoparticles), and 2) the coherence length of the triplet superconducting state of half-metal manganite LSMO contacting with MgB2. Resistive losses in such nanostructures are due to the flow of current through ferromagnetic LSMO nanogranules that cover MgB2 microgranules. As temperature decreases, the BKT transition occurs in 2D (surface) superconducting LSMO layers.
Two-dimensional hole transport in ion-gated diamond surfaces: A brief review (Review article)
Authors: Piatti Erik , Romanin Davide , Daghero Dario , Gonnelli Renato S.
Published: November 2019

Electrically-conducting diamond is a promising candidate for next-generation electronic, thermal and electrochemical applications. One of the major obstacles towards its exploitation is the strong degradation that some of its key physical properties—such as the carrier mobility and the superconducting transition temperature—undergo upon the introduction of disorder. This makes the two-dimensional hole gas induced at its surface by electric field-effect doping particularly interesting from both a fundamental and an applied perspective, since it strongly reduces the amount of extrinsic disorder with respect to the standard boron substitution. In this short review, we summarize the main results achieved so far in controlling the electric transport properties of different field-effect doped diamond surfaces via the ionic gating technique. We analyze how ionic gating can tune their conductivity, carrier density and mobility, and drive the different surfaces across the insulator-to-metal transition. We review their strongly orientation-dependent magnetotransport properties, with a particular focus on the gate-tunable spin-orbit coupling shown by the (100) surface. Finally, we discuss the possibility of field-induced superconductivity in the (110) and (111) surfaces as predicted by density functional theory calculations.
Quantum effects in a germanium quantum well with ultrahigh mobility of charge carrier
Authors: Berkutov I. B. , Andrievskii V. V. , Kolesnichenko Yu. A. , Mironov O. A.
Published: November 2019

Quantum effects in p-type Si0.2Ge0.8/Ge/Si0.2Ge0.8 heterostructure with an extremely high mobility of charge carriers μH = 1367000 cm2/(V ⋅ s) have been comprehensively studied. An analysis of Shubnikov–de Haas oscillations yielded effective mass of charge carriers, which proved to be very low, m* = 0.062m0, and the value of fluctuations of hole density along the channel δp = 3.5 ⋅ 109 cm–2. The fractional Hall effect (filling numbers 8/3, 7/3, 5/3, 4/3) observed at temperatures up to 5 K has been discovered in strong magnetic fields. The studies of quantum interference effects related to weak localization and electron-electron interaction between charge carriers, which have been conducted in such a high-mobility system for the first time, enabled calculation of spin splitting Δ = 1.07 meV and the Fermi-liquid coupling constant F0σ=−0.12, which agree with results obtained earlier.
Atomic structures and nanoscale electronic states on the surface of MgB2 superconductor observed by scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy
Authors: Sugimoto Akira , Yanase Yuta , Ekino Toshikazu , Muranaka Takahiro , Gabovich Alexander M.
Published: November 2019

The systematic study of the nanoscale local electronic states on the MgB2 surface was performed using the low-temperature scanning tunnel microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/STS). The STM topography shows the atomic image of the hexagonal lattice with the constant parameter a’ = 0.31 nm, which is identified as mainly the Mg site occupancy. The temperature-dependent STS measurements were analyzed assuming the existence of two energy gaps. As a result, the fitting gap amplitudes Δfit ≃ 10.2 meV and 4.8 meV were found at T = 4.9 K. The scanned conductance (dI/dV) maps in the area of 4 × 2 nm2 show homogenous distributions of the gaps associated with the π-band. In addition, the conductance peaks at zero-bias voltage were observed through defined lines with lengths about ∼0.8 nm, which is much smaller than the superconducting coherence length ξab∼40nm of MgB2. The form of the zero-bias peaks looks like that in the case of the Andreev-Saint-James reflection at the tip-sample contact.
Otogelin, otogelin-like, and stereocilin form links connecting outer hair cell stereocilia to each other and the tectorial membrane
Authors: Avan Paul , Le Gal Sébastien , Michel Vincent , Dupont Typhaine , Hardelin Jean-Pierre , Petit Christine , Verpy Elisabeth
Published: November 2019

Significance

Patients lacking either otogelin or otogelin-like have congenital mild-to-moderate hearing impairment similar to that in patients lacking stereocilin. Stereocilin is associated with 2 types of links specific to the mechanosensitive antenna (stereocilia bundle) of cochlear outer hair cells: The horizontal top connectors joining stereocilia to one another and the attachment crowns coupling the tallest stereocilia to the tectorial membrane, an acellular structure overlying the sensory epithelium of the cochlea. By studying mutant mice lacking otogelin or otogelin-like and analyzing the distribution of these proteins, we show that they interact, directly or indirectly, with stereocilin to form the horizontal top connectors and tectorial membrane-attachment crowns, 2 structures likely satisfying similar mechanical requirements for cooperative stereociliary motion indispensable for optimal cochlear performance.
Combined HIV-1 sequence and integration site analysis informs viral dynamics and allows reconstruction of replicating viral ancestors
Authors: Patro Sean C. , Brandt Leah D. , Bale Michael J. , Halvas Elias K. , Joseph Kevin W. , Shao Wei , Wu Xiaolin , Guo Shuang , Murrell Ben , Wiegand Ann , Spindler Jonathan , Raley Castle , Hautman Christopher , Sobolewski Michele , Fennessey Christine M. , Hu Wei-Shau , Luke Brian , Hasson Jenna M. , Niyongabo Aurelie , Capoferri Adam A. , Keele Brandon F. , Milush Jeff , Hoh Rebecca , Deeks Steven G. , Maldarelli Frank , Hughes Stephen H. , Coffin John M. , Rausch Jason W. , Mellors John W. , Kearney Mary F.
Published: November 2019

Understanding HIV-1 persistence despite antiretroviral therapy (ART) is of paramount importance. Both single-genome sequencing (SGS) and integration site analysis (ISA) provide useful information regarding the structure of persistent HIV DNA populations; however, until recently, there was no way to link integration sites to their cognate proviral sequences. Here, we used multiple-displacement amplification (MDA) of cellular DNA diluted to a proviral endpoint to obtain full-length proviral sequences and their corresponding sites of integration. We applied this method to lymph node and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 5 ART-treated donors to determine whether groups of identical subgenomic sequences in the 2 compartments are the result of clonal expansion of infected cells or a viral genetic bottleneck. We found that identical proviral sequences can result from both cellular expansion and viral genetic bottlenecks occurring prior to ART initiation and following ART failure. We identified an expanded T cell clone carrying an intact provirus that matched a variant previously detected by viral outgrowth assays and expanded clones with wild-type and drug-resistant defective proviruses. We also found 2 clones from 1 donor that carried identical proviruses except for nonoverlapping deletions, from which we could infer the sequence of the intact parental virus. Thus, MDA-SGS can be used for “viral reconstruction” to better understand intrapatient HIV-1 evolution and to determine the clonality and structure of proviruses within expanded clones, including those with drug-resistant mutations. Importantly, we demonstrate that identical sequences observed by standard SGS are not always sufficient to establish proviral clonality.
Method to extract multiple states in F
1
-ATPase rotation experiments from jump distributions
Authors: Volkán-Kacsó Sándor , Le Luan Q. , Zhu Kaicheng , Su Haibin , Marcus Rudolph A.
Published: November 2019

Significance

In single-molecule imaging of the

F

1

-
ATPase

rotation by nanoprobes, there are jumps in the angular position. Their distribution is used in a method for detecting hidden states in the transitions during rotation steps. Complementing stalling experiments, this method reveals, now in free rotation without magnetic tweezers, that the motor can be in either of 2 states at a rotation angle. A comparison between the experimental trajectories and a multistate theory reveals that an 80° substep of the coupled ATP binding and ADP release involves an intermediate state reminiscent of a 3-occupancy structure. Its lifetime (

∼
10

μs) is comparable with the frame time of the imaging, so, by detecting this short-lived state, the method provides an increased effective time resolution.
The iron deficiency response in
Arabidopsis thaliana
requires the phosphorylated transcription factor URI
Authors: Kim Sun A. , LaCroix Ian S. , Gerber Scott A. , Guerinot Mary Lou
Published: November 2019

Iron is an essential nutrient for plants, but excess iron is toxic due to its catalytic role in the formation of hydroxyl radicals. Thus, iron uptake is highly regulated and induced only under iron deficiency. The mechanisms of iron uptake in roots are well characterized, but less is known about how plants perceive iron deficiency. We show that a basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH) transcription factor Upstream Regulator of IRT1 (URI) acts as an essential part of the iron deficiency signaling pathway in
Arabidopsis thaliana
. The
uri
mutant is defective in inducing Iron-Regulated Transporter1 (IRT1) and Ferric Reduction Oxidase2 (FRO2) and their transcriptional regulators FER-like iron deficiency-induced transcription factor (FIT) and bHLH38/39/100/101 in response to iron deficiency. Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing (ChIP-seq) reveals direct binding of URI to promoters of many iron-regulated genes, including
bHLH38/39/100/101
but not
FIT
. While URI transcript and protein are expressed regardless of iron status, a phosphorylated form of URI only accumulates under iron deficiency. Phosphorylated URI is subject to proteasome-dependent degradation during iron resupply, and turnover of phosphorylated URI is dependent on the E3 ligase BTS. The subgroup IVc bHLH transcription factors, which have previously been shown to regulate bHLH38/39/100/101, coimmunoprecipitate with URI mainly under Fe-deficient conditions, suggesting that it is the phosphorylated form of URI that is capable of forming heterodimers in vivo. We propose that the phosphorylated form of URI accumulates under Fe deficiency, forms heterodimers with subgroup IVc proteins, and induces transcription of
bHLH38/39/100/101
. These transcription factors in turn heterodimerize with FIT and drive the transcription of
IRT1
and
FRO2
to increase Fe uptake.
Perfectionism and attitudes towards doping in athletes: A continuously cumulating meta‐analysis and test of the 2 × 2 model
Authors: Madigan Daniel J. , Mallinson‐Howard Sarah H. , Grugan Michael C. , Hill Andrew P.
Published: November 2019

Perfectionism may promote engagement in illegal and unacceptable behaviours such as doping. To examine this idea, in the present study, we had two aims. First, we re‐examined the relationship between perfectionism and attitudes towards doping and, in doing so, conducted a continuously cumulating meta‐analysis. Second, we extended our understanding of this relationship by providing the first test of the 2 × 2 model of perfectionism in context of doping. A sample of 181 university athletes (mean age 18.5 years) completed measures of perfectionism (evaluative concerns perfectionism [ECP] and personal standards perfectionism [PSP]) and attitudes toward doping. A continuously cumulating meta‐analysis based on five studies (including the present study; N = 952) indicated that ECP showed a significant small‐to‐medium positive relationship with attitudes towards doping (r + = .21), whereas PSP showed a nonsignificant small positive relationship with attitudes towards doping (r + = .07). In addition, moderated regression analysis provided support for two hypotheses of the 2 × 2 model. Specifically, pure ECP (high ECP, low PSP) was associated with more favourable attitudes towards doping than mixed perfectionism (high ECP, high PSP) and non‐perfectionism (low ECP, low PSP). The present findings suggest that ECP is a significant positive predictor of attitudes towards doping and that athletes who exhibit a combination of high ECP and low PSP are the most likely to be at risk of doping. Consequently, a focus on reducing ECP may be a valuable addition to anti‐doping education programmes.
A comparison study of electronical and photoelectrical properties of electron gases at (1 0 0), (1 1 0) and (1 1 1) LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interfaces
Authors: Liu G Z , Chen J Q , Jiang Y C , Zhao R , Qiu J , Gao J
Published: November 2019

(1 0 0), (1 1 0) and (1 1 1) LaAlO3/SrTiO3 (LAO/STO) interfaces show similar high mobility conduction. Here, we compare electronic transport and photoconductivity properties of electron gases at the three interfaces, considering their different polar continuity at the interface and the crystallographic symmetry. Epitaxial LAO films were grown on STO (1 0 0), (1 1 0) and (1 1 1) substrates by laser molecular beam epitaxy. All the electron gases at the interfaces exhibit metallic behaviors with close sheet carrier density (1013–1014 cm−2), the electron gas at (1 0 0) interface presents the highest mobility, which is almost one order of magnitude higher than that at (1 1 1) interface below 70 K. At lower temperatures, all the electron gases show obvious photoelectrical response to visible light illumination. Light-assisted Hall measurements indicate distinctly different mechanisms for the photoconductivity of electron gases at the three interfaces. Our results can assist the understanding of the high mobility of electron gases at oxide interfaces, which will be helpful to optimize the electronic properties for device applications.
Long-term operation of the multi-wire-proportional-chambers of the LHCb muon system
Authors: Albicocco F.P. , Anderlini L. , Anelli M. , Archilli F. , Auriemma G. , Baldini W. , Bencivenni G. , Bondar N. , Bochin B. , Brundu D. , Cadeddu S. , Campana P. , Carboni G. , Cardini A. , Carletti M. , Casu L. , Chubykin A. , Ciambrone P. , Dané E. , Simone P. De , Fontana M. , Fresch P. , Gatta M. , Gavrilov G. , Gets S. , Graziani G. , Kashchuk A. , Korolev M. , Kotriakhova S. , Kuznetsova E. , Lai A. , Levitskaya O. , Loi A. , Maev O. , Maysuzenko D. , Martellotti G. , Nasybulin S. , Neustroev P. , Oldeman R.G.C. , Palutan M. , Passaleva G. , Penso G. , Pinci D. , Santacesaria R. , Santimaria M. , Santovetti E. , Saitta B. , Saputi A. , Sarti A. , Satriano C. , Satta A. , Schmidt B. , Schneider T. , Sciascia B. , Sciubba A. , Vazquez-Gomez R. , Vecchi S. , Vorobyev A.
Published: November 2019

The muon detector of LHCb, which comprises 1368 multi-wire-proportional-chambers (MWPC) for a total area of 435 m2, is the largest instrument of its kind exposed to such a high-radiation environment. In nine years of operation, from 2010 until 2018, we did not observe appreciable signs of ageing of the detector in terms of reduced performance. However, during such a long period, many chamber gas gaps suffered from HV trips. Most of the trips were due to Malter-like effects, characterised by the appearance of local self-sustained high currents, presumably originating from impurities induced during chamber production. Very effective, though long, recovery procedures were implemented with a HV training of the gaps in situ while taking data. The training allowed most of the affected chambers to be returned to their full functionality and the muon detector efficiency to be kept close to 100%. The possibility of making the recovery faster and even more effective by adding a small percentage of oxygen in the gas mixture has been studied and successfully tested.
An algorithm of adaptive stimulation of ecological and socio-economic development of a cross-border region
Authors: Kirhmeer L
Published: November 2019

Ecological, social, and economic development of a cross-border region is determined by regulated and unregulated factors, some of which are formed outside the region and even countries. Environmental pollution cannot be limited to territorial boundaries, and this requires taking into account this fact when developing programs and activities aimed at the regional ecological and socio-economic development.
Optimization of processing branches, needles, and leaves (“woody greens”) of dark-coniferous breeds of thin tree stands using a modified plant
Authors: Petrenko E , Parshikova V , Zaychenko E
Published: November 2019

The waste-free technological scheme is proposed in the paper. It is based on an installation which allows to optimize the integrated processing of woody greens (branches, needles, and leaves) from fir and spruce. This scheme takes into account their contribution to the mixtures made, as well as the age of plantations used to produce an essential oil and pine extract. An installation is designed with an internal and external condensation circuit of the vapor stream serving as the basis, the use of which increases yields and significantly reduces the time needed to release the water-soluble products being processed into coniferous extract.
On the issue of ensuring environmental safety of anthropogenic systems in cross-border areas of the Novosibirsk Region
Authors: Malgin E , Shemetova E , Bochkarev I
Published: November 2019

This article explores the concept of a cross-border region and analyzes sources contributing to environmental pollution. More than that, the authors focus on the features of monitoring and ensuring environmental safety of the cross-border region of Novosibirsk (Russian Federation) and Pavlodar Regions (Republic of Kazakhstan). As a result, measures and algorithms to optimize their sustainable development are suggested.
A granulometric composition of the Zauralye black soils
Authors: Plotnikov A , Sozinov A
Published: November 2019

The article presents results of the study devoted to the granulometric composition of Zauralye black soils. The main patterns of the profile differentiation of soils in connection with the genesis and anthropogenic load on agricultural land are considered. There are signs of elution in the upper part of the soil profile when analyzing the nature of the distribution of fractions of granulometric composition. In general, a black soil profile on the granulometric composition is poorly differentiated.
Formation of geoinformation-cartographic support of the Altai interregion on the example of creating the international atlas “Greater Altai: Nature, History, Culture”
Authors: Rotanova I N , Efremov G A , Peremitina S V
Published: November 2019

The article discusses the conceptual provisions used in creating the international cartographic project “Atlas of the Greater Altai: nature, history, culture” in the context of the formation of an international geo-information and cartographic support. The creation of the atlas of the Greater Altai is based on a number of methodological, conceptual, and organizational provisions, among which, first of all, the research search for new methods and approaches, the development of modern technologies for processing spatial data, cartographic modeling and cartographic research methods. Within the framework of this project, implementation of international cooperation, exchange of experience and achievements in the field of mapping, geoinformatics and GIS design is no less significant than the international cooperation, exchange of experience and achievements in the field of mapping, geoinformatics and GIS design.
Heavy metals in soil and plants (Agropyron pectiniforme Roem. Et Schult.) of the Pavlodar region (Kazakhstan)
Authors: Kanibolotskaya Yu , Listkov W , Shmidt N
Published: November 2019

The paper presents the key results of a study on the content of heavy metals (Ti, Mn, Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb, Sr) in soil and plant (Agropyron pectiniforme Roem. et Schult.) samples, which are taken in the zone of influence of enterprises of the northern and eastern industrial zones of Pavlodar (Kazakhstan) as part of a study of the state of vegetation in the same territory.
Features of microclonal reproduction of species of the genus Aristolochia L. in various nutrient environments
Authors: Demidenko E , Berseneva S
Published: November 2019

The paper presents a comparative analysis of the development of microshoots in primary explants of the species belonging to the genus Aristolochia, using various nutrient media. This allows selecting the most optimal methods for mass production of the sterile regenerated plant cultures in a shorter time for further introduction, reintroduction, and creation of industrial plantations.
Reconstruction of grain yield in the steppe zone of the Altai territory (south of Western Siberia) in the XIX-XX centuries on the basis of tree-ring chronologies of tape burs
Authors: Rygalova N V , Rygalov E V , Bykov N I
Published: November 2019

The article presents the results of the reconstruction of the yield of grain crops of the economy of the Volchikhinsky district of the Altai Territory (south of Western Siberia) on the basis of an extended tree-ring chronology until 1822. Based on the restored series, the cyclical nature of cereal productivity was analyzed. In particular, the 22-, 25-, and 27-year cycles are highlighted as the most significant. The increase in the amplitude of variability of the yield series was noted by year from the middle of the 19th century to the end of the 20th century.
A cost-effective evaluation of carrot resistance to Alternaria sp. and Fusarium sp.
Authors: Sokolova L M , Shatilov M V , Razin O A
Published: November 2019

Creation of forms, varieties, and hybrids of plants resistant to biotic factors is an important national economic task. It is known that the defeat of agricultural plants by fungal, bacterial, and viral diseases, as well as pests leads to a loss of 38.8% to 60.4% of the crop. The most promising way to protect plants from phytopathogens is selection, which allows to obtain varieties and hybrids of crops with complex resistance. However, the process of creating varieties and hybrids remains long and reaches ten years or more. At the same time, the degree of plant resistance to harmful organisms is often insufficient and does not always meet the requirements of production. The efficiency of the breeding process can be improved and accelerated through the use of rapid methods based on the selection in the laboratory of samples resistant to selective factor. The study was carried out in the Laboratory of Immunity at the VNIIO – Branch of the Federal State Budgetary FNCO in the Moscow region (Russia). As source material used, three samples of carrot breeding in VNIIO characterized by different resistance to Fusarium and Alternaria. The results of the experimental work showed the possibility of rapid assessment of carrots for resistance to PP fungal diseases. Alternaria and Fusarium seeds on the culture liquid filtrate at a concentration of 50% when germinating. This allows in the laboratory in a short time to evaluate a large number of breeding samples. The method of rapid assessment allows in 3.4 times to reduce the time required for the evaluation of breeding material and to reduce the consumption of seed.
An investigation of the process of producing the snow carbon dioxide
Authors: Neverov E N , Korotkiy I A , Korotkaya E V
Published: November 2019

Currently, the Russian and foreign scientists are actively involved in the development of technologies for the processing and utilization of carbon dioxide. At the Kemerovo State University, the technologies for processing and application of carbon dioxide in the food industry have been developed. One of them is based on throttling the CO2 coater in the generator. In order to determine the optimal operating modes of the generator, throttling is performed through washers with different throttle holes and their configuration. Also, throttling is performed with different angles of cones of snow formers at different temperatures of liquid carbon dioxide, which allows to reveal the influence of the above factors on the process of carbon dioxide snow formation. Based on the analysis of the obtained dependencies, we can conclude that the largest volume of snow weighing 0.25 kg was obtained using a cone with an angle of 12° and a temperature of minus 10°C. In percentage terms, 31.25% of the CO2 consumed liquid phase was reworked into snow. The additional lowering of the temperature of the liquid carbon dioxide, as well as the choice of the optimum, for a given temperature, the angle of the bell, have a significant impact on the volume of the snow carbon dioxide produced. However, in the process of choosing the temperature control parameters, possible additional economic costs of creating conditions for lowering the temperature of liquid carbon dioxide should be considered.
Economic assessment of the development potential of mushroom production in the Russian Federation
Authors: Devochkina N , Nurmetov R , Razin A
Published: November 2019

The article assesses the issue of further development of the industrial mushroom production in the Russian Federation in order to fulfill the objectives of the State Program for the Development of Agriculture and Regulation of Agricultural Products, Raw Materials, and Food Markets for 2013-2020. It was developed in accordance with the principles of ensuring food independence of Russia, sustainable development of rural territories of the Russian Federation, and financial sustainability of agricultural producers. Conducting an analysis of the state of the world mushroom industry, general trends in the organization of industrial enterprises, and the choice of modern technological solutions, which are the basis for the intensification of production and its economic efficiency. The article assesses a level of self-sufficiency of the Russian Federation in mushroom products on the basis of a comparison of the consumption levels of cultivated mushrooms in the developed European countries, the USA, as well as East and Southeast Asia.
Expenses for producing the winter garlic planting material (allium sativum L.) in vitro
Authors: Azopkova M , Muravieva I , Polyakov A
Published: November 2019

The article calculates the costs incurred at different stages of cultivation of winter garlic in an in vitro culture. It is shown that when using the developed technique (10,000 plants with a cost of 30.3 rubles per 1 plant), a regenerant can be obtained for 270 days of cultivation.
The effectiveness of using the growth regulators of a new generation in the production of garlic winter planting material
Authors: Polyakov A , Alekseeva T , Razin A
Published: November 2019

The use of quality planting material is an important factor for the production of agricultural products, because it allows to realize the biological potential of the cultivated plant to a greater extent, to obtain a high-quality crop. Garlic is an exclusively vegetatively propagated crop. Due to the low breeding rate, garlic is difficult to reproduce in a short time in volumes that would fully meet the demand for planting material. In this regard, a large number of imported, often poor-quality planting material of this culture comes to the domestic market. Therefore, the issue of providing a domestic manufacturer with a quality planting material is acute. We have established the effectiveness of contemporary growth regulators in the planting of garlic. The article discusses the issues of increasing the economic efficiency of the production of winter garlic planting material using the growth regulators of the last generation. The article shows the high efficiency of using the composition of silicon organic growth regulators, including Boratran, Krezacin, and Asyak, in a concentration of 0.015% in winter garlic plantings, which allows to increase the yield of bulbs by 2 t/ha. The economic efficiency of using the preplant treatment of clove and plants during the growing season with growth regulators allows to obtain additional profit, amounting to 178 thousand rubles per hectare.
Economic efficiency of obtaining carrot lines using classical and biotechnological methods
Authors: Vurtz T S , Domblides E A , Soldatenko A V
Published: November 2019

Garden carrot is a traditional food in Russia. Based on the consumption rate of 10 kg per year per person, 1,469 thousand tons of carrots per year must be produced for the population of the Russian Federation. To meet the needs of the population in fresh and processed carrot products, the development of new highly productive and resistant varieties and hybrids is necessary. The traditional production of linear material and hybrids in the breeding of garden carrots is a laborious, lengthy process due to the 2-year cycle of plant development, self-incompatibility, and inbreeding depression. On average, 16-20 years can be spent on creating a hybrid of carrots with the successful course of the selection process. Using biotechnological methods, completely homozygous lines can be obtained in 1 year and a wide variety of starting material can be created for inclusion in the breeding process. The article presents an analysis of economic efficiency and a comparative assessment of the production of garden carrot lines using classical breeding and biotechnology methods. Calculations are based on the rates being used at the Federal Scientific Center for Vegetable Growing. It is shown that the economic costs of obtaining lines when using doubled haploid plants of the garden carrot are reduced in almost five times. To increase the efficiency of the breeding process, biotechnological methods need to be embedded in classical breeding schemes.
Economic and agri-environmental efficiency of applying fertilizers and growth regulators in broccoli cultivation
Authors: Borisov V A , Lysenko I A , Razin O A
Published: November 2019

The highest yield (18.6 t/ha) and the best economic effect (320 thousand rubles/ha) with good product quality was obtained on alluvial soils of the Moscow Region with the complex use of the Maraton F1, hybrid, mineral fertilizers N120P60K150 for broccoli in combination with top dressing humic fertilizer “gumistaf” (3 l/ha) and microfertilizer “tenso-cocktail” (0.5 kg/ha). The developed plant nutrition system provides an increase in the content of dry matter, sugars, and vitamins in products with a slight increase in nitrates.
The use of crisis management in ensuring sustainable food production by organizations of border areas
Authors: Gorbunov Yu , Gorbunova A , Solskaia I
Published: November 2019

The article substantiates the relevance of the practical application of the concept of sustainable development and production. The peculiarity of doing business in the border areas is considered in details. Factors affecting sustainable food production by organizations in border areas are also analyzed. The role of crisis management in ensuring sustainable production is reviewed.
Regional food security: a concept and an assessment
Authors: Semikolenova M , Rudakova T , Shavkunova N
Published: November 2019

The article analyzes the approaches to the definition, criteria, and threshold values of regional food security. Based on the analysis of indicators of food security of the Altai region, the main directions of the regional food policy are justified. The research shows that regional food security determines the level of security and sustainability of both the region as a whole and individual households. The main criteria for assessing food security are food independence, physical and economic accessibility of food in the region.
Modeling regional economic growth with the formation of innovative ecosystems of technological entrepreneurship as a factor of sustainable development
Authors: Korchagina I , Korchagin R
Published: November 2019

The article analyzes the potential of growth theories in the context of determining sources for further development of the Russian regions, taking into account the “new normality” in the economy. As a result of a comparative analysis of endogenous and exogenous theories, their similarity has been proven. Modification of the Aguion-Howitt model for a region subjected to the development of an innovative technological entrepreneurship ecosystem has been developed. This model will allow to evaluate the impact of the innovation ecosystem as a factor of endogenous growth of the region.
Organizational and economic aspects of technical and technological modernization of the poultry farming
Authors: Barcho M Kh
Published: November 2019

The article deals with the problems of development of domestic poultry farming on the basis of technical and technological modernization. The dynamics of the number of new, modernized, and reconstructed poultry facilities was analyzed and the volume of increase in poultry production for slaughter at these enterprises was assessed. Factors constraining the development of modernization processes in the sub-industry are considered. Government support measures for the modernization of the industry have been proposed. According to the author, the implementation of these measures will contribute to the full provision of the domestic market for poultry products and the transformation of the poultry industry into a high-tech sub-industry competitive in the domestic and foreign markets.
Idempotent reduction for the finitistic dimension conjecture
Authors: Bravo Diego , Paquette Charles
Published: November 2019

In this note, we prove that if

Λ
\Lambda

is an Artin algebra with a simple module

S
S

of finite projective dimension, then the finiteness of the finitistic dimension of

Λ
\Lambda

implies that of

(
1
−
e
)
Λ
(
1
−
e
)

(1-e)\Lambda (1-e)

where

e
e

is the primitive idempotent supporting

S
S

. We derive some consequences of this. In particular, we recover a result of Green-Solberg-Psaroudakis: if

Λ
\Lambda

is the quotient of a path algebra by an admissible ideal

I
I

whose defining relations do not involve a certain arrow

α
\alpha

, then the finitistic dimension of

Λ
\Lambda

is finite if and only if the finitistic dimension of

Λ

/

Λ
α
Λ

\Lambda /\Lambda \alpha \Lambda

is finite.
Thermodynamic formalism and integral means spectrum of logarithmic tracts for transcendental entire functions
Authors: Mayer Volker , Urbański Mariusz
Published: November 2019

We provide an entirely new approach to the theory of thermodynamic formalism for entire functions of bounded type. The key point is that we introduce an integral means spectrum for logarithmic tracts which takes care of the fractal behavior of the boundary of the tract near infinity. It turns out that this spectrum behaves well as soon as the tracts have some sufficiently nice geometry which, for example, is the case for quasidisks, John, or Hölder tracts. In these cases we get a good control of the corresponding transfer operators, leading to full thermodynamic formalism along with its applications such as exponential decay of correlations, central limit theorem, and a Bowen’s formula for the Hausdorff dimension of radial Julia sets.

This approach covers all entire functions for which thermodynamic formalism has been so far established and goes far beyond. It applies, in particular, to every hyperbolic function from any Erëmenko–Lyubich analytic family of Speiser classS\mathcal {S}provided this family contains at least one function with Hölder tracts. The latter is, for example, the case if the family contains a Poincaré linearizer.
Quantitative structure of stable sets in finite abelian groups
Authors: Terry C. , Wolf J.
Published: November 2019

We prove an arithmetic regularity lemma for stable subsets of finite abelian groups, generalising our previous result for high-dimensional vector spaces over finite fields of prime order. A qualitative version of this generalisation was recently obtained by the first author in joint work with Conant and Pillay, using model-theoretic techniques. In contrast, the approach in the present paper is highly quantitative and relies on several key ingredients from arithmetic combinatorics.
Strength conditions, small subalgebras, and Stillman bounds in degree ≤4
Authors: Ananyan Tigran , Hochster Melvin
Published: November 2019

In an earlier work, the authors prove Stillman’s conjecture in all characteristics and all degrees by showing that, independent of the algebraically closed field

K
K

or the number of variables,

n
n

forms of degree at most

d
d

in a polynomial ring

R
R

over

K
K

are contained in a polynomial subalgebra of

R
R

generated by a regular sequence consisting of at most

η

B
(
n
,
d
)

{}^\eta \!B(n,d)

forms of degree at most

d
d

; we refer to these informally as “small” subalgebras. Moreover, these forms can be chosen so that the ideal generated by any subset defines a ring satisfying the Serre condition R

η

_\eta

. A critical element in the proof is to show that there are functions

η

A
(
n
,
d
)

{}^\eta \!A(n,d)

with the following property: in a graded

n
n

-dimensional

K
K

-vector subspace

V
V

of

R
R

spanned by forms of degree at most

d
d

, if no nonzero form in

V
V

is in an ideal generated by

η

A
(
n
,
d
)

{}^\eta \!A(n,d)

forms of strictly lower degree (we call this a strength condition), then any homogeneous basis for

V
V

is an R

η

_\eta

sequence. The methods of our earlier work are not constructive. In this paper, we use related but different ideas that emphasize the notion of a key function to obtain the functions

η

A
(
n
,
d
)

{}^\eta \!A(n,d)

in degrees 2, 3, and 4 (in degree 4 we must restrict to characteristic not 2, 3). We give bounds in closed form for the key functions and the

η

A
_

{}^\eta \!{\underline {A}}

functions, and explicit recursions that determine the functions

η

B

{}^\eta \!B

from the

η

A
_

{}^\eta \!{\underline {A}}

functions. In degree 2, we obtain an explicit value for

η

B
(
n
,
2
)

{}^\eta \!B(n,2)

that gives the best known bound in Stillman’s conjecture for quadrics when there is no restriction on

n
n

. In particular, for an ideal

I
I

generated by

n
n

quadrics, the projective dimension

R

/

I

R/I

is at most

2

n
+
1

(
n
−
2
)
+
4

2^{n+1}(n - 2) + 4

.
Posterior Cortical Atrophy with Right Lower Egocentric Quadrantic Neglect and Lower Vertical Allocentric Neglect
Authors: Tariq Usama , Parker Alicia , Saadatpour Leila , Doty Leilani , Heilman Kenneth M
Published: November 2019

Background/Objectives

Whereas rare cases of hemispatial visual neglect have been reported in patients with a neurodegenerative disease, quadrantic visuospatial neglect has not been described. We report a patient with probable posterior cortical atrophy who demonstrated lower right-sided quadrantic visuospatial neglect, together with allocentric vertical neglect.

Methods/Results

A 68-year-old man initially noted deficits in reading and writing. Subsequently, he developed other cognitive deficits. On vertical line bisections, he deviated upward, and on horizontal line bisections, he deviated to the left. These deviations together suggest that this man’s neglect might be most severe in his right (head/body-centered) lower (below eye level) visual space. When attempting to perform vertical line bisections in all four egocentric quadrants, his upward deviations were largest in the right lower quadrant. On a cancelation test, he revealed bilateral lower (ventral) allocentric neglect but not egocentric neglect. This patient’s magnetic resonance imaging revealed cortical atrophy, most prominent in the left parietal lobe.

Discussion

Previous research in stroke patients has demonstrated that the parietal lobes are important in mediating attention to contralateral and inferior visual space. The presence of left parietal atrophy may have induced this right lower (ventral) egocentric inattention as well as bilateral ventral allocentric inattention. Although to our knowledge there have been no prior reports of a patient with right lower quadrantic and lower vertical allocentric visuospatial neglect, patients are rarely tested for these forms of neglect, and this patient illustrates the importance of evaluating patients for these and other forms of neglect.
Wicked Content
Authors: Jack Caroline
Published: November 2019

Propaganda has recently re-emerged as a matter of concern—especially with regard to communication on social media platforms—yet the meaning of the term is often left unstated, or is, alternately, premised on traditions of thought about propaganda in communication and media studies. Such approaches leave to the periphery ambiguities and inadvertent forms of participation that characterize recent concerns about misinformation, disinformation, and manipulation. This article argues that content that has been labeled as “propaganda” or “fake news” can be seen as wicked content: content that, by its circulation, signals the presence of wicked problems. As an implication of wicked content, this article argues for a sensitizing conceptualization of the term “propaganda” as an index of whether an observer considers the power exerted through media over matters of public relevance to be legitimate.