bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SOS1 gene family in mangrove (Kandelia obovata): Genome-wide identification, characterization, and expression analyses under salt and copper stress
Authors: Shang Chenjing , Sihui Li , Li Chunyuan , Hussain Quaid , Chen Pengyu , Hussain Muhammad Azhar , Nkoh Nkoh Jackson
Published: August 2024

Background

Salt Overly Sensitive 1 (SOS1), a plasma membrane Na+/H+ exchanger, is essential for plant salt tolerance. Salt damage is a significant abiotic stress that impacts plant species globally. All living organisms require copper (Cu), a necessary micronutrient and a protein cofactor for many biological and physiological processes. High Cu concentrations, however, may result in pollution that inhibits the growth and development of plants. The function and production of mangrove ecosystems are significantly impacted by rising salinity and copper contamination.

Results

A genome-wide analysis and bioinformatics techniques were used in this study to identify 20 SOS1 genes in the genome of Kandelia obovata. Most of the SOS1 genes were found on the plasma membrane and dispersed over 11 of the 18 chromosomes. Based on phylogenetic analysis, KoSOS1s can be categorized into four groups, similar to Solanum tuberosum. Kandelia obovata's SOS1 gene family expanded due to tandem and segmental duplication. These SOS1 homologs shared similar protein structures, according to the results of the conserved motif analysis. The coding regions of 20 KoSOS1 genes consist of amino acids ranging from 466 to 1221, while the exons include amino acids ranging from 3 to 23. In addition, we found that the 2.0 kb upstream promoter region of the KoSOS1s gene contains several cis-elements associated with phytohormones and stress responses. According to the expression experiments, seven randomly chosen genes experienced up- and down-regulation of their expression levels in response to copper (CuCl2) and salt stressors.

Conclusions

For the first time, this work systematically identified SOS1 genes in Kandelia obovata. Our investigations also encompassed physicochemical properties, evolution, and expression patterns, thereby furnishing a theoretical framework for subsequent research endeavours aimed at functionally characterizing the Kandelia obovata SOS1 genes throughout the life cycle of plants.
Analysis of D-dimer levels for the detection of deep venous thrombosis for patients with spinal metastasis undergoing decompression with fixation
Authors: Jiang Yun-qi , Wang Yu-zhu , Hu An-nan , Zhou Jian , Li Xi-lei , Qi Qing , Dong Jian
Published: August 2024

Background

Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) after spinal surgery has recently attracted increasing attention. Patients with spinal metastases who undergo decompression with fixation are at a high risk of developing DVT. D-dimer levels indicate the risk of DVT, and the purpose of our study was to investigate D-dimer levels as a predictor of DVT perioperatively.

Methods

We prospectively evaluated 100 patients with spinal metastases. D-dimer tests were performed twice: once before surgery and one day postoperatively. DVT was diagnosed by duplex ultrasonographic assessment of both lower extremities. Pulmonary embolisms (PEs) were diagnosed using multidetector computed tomography and pulmonary angiography. Perioperative serum D-dimer levels were compared between the DVT (+) and DVT (-) groups. The cutoff value of the D-dimer level was calculated using receiver operating characteristic analysis.

Results

Preoperative and postoperative DVT prevalences were 8.0% (8/100) and 6.6% (6/91), respectively, and none of the patients developed PE. Before surgery, there was no significant differences in D-dimer levels between the pre-DVT (+) and pre-DVT (-) groups. After surgery, the D-dimer level one-day postoperatively for the post-DVT (+) group (17.6 ± 11.8 mg/L) was significantly higher than that of the post-DVT (-) group (5.0 ± 4.7 mg/L). The cutoff value of the postoperative D-dimer level was 9.51(mg/L), and the sensitivity and specificity for the optimum threshold were 83.3% and 89.4%, respectively.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that preoperative D-dimer level may not be a predictor of DVT. Preoperative ultrasound examinations should be routinely performed in patients with spinal metastases. Postoperative D-dimer levels greater than 9.51(mg/L) are a predictive factor for the early diagnosis of DVT after spine surgery.

Trial registration

Our study was registered on Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (No.ChiCTR2000029737). Registered 11 February 2020 - Retrospectively registered, https://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx.
Effect evaluation of outpatient long-term video EEGs for people with seizure disorders – study protocol of the ALVEEG project: a randomized controlled trial in Germany
Authors: Münchenberg Pauline Sarah , Schulz Ricarda Sophia , Wainwright Kerstin , Mayer Imke , Holtkamp Martin , Meisel Christian , Kurth Tobias ,   the ALVEEG Consortium, Vorderwülbecke Bernd , Steinbrenner Mirja , Endres Matthias , Gorski Claudia , Prasser Fabian , Kaindl Angela , Weschke Bernhard , Potratz Cornelia , Fenske Pascal , von Podewils Felix , Bertsche Astrid , Viebahn Sarah Mai , Gaida Bernadette , Utzig Norbert , Schulz Juliane , Mayer Thomas , Hopp Peter , Holert Nils , Wienecke Miriam , Leonhardt Georg , Müller Peggy , Knobelsdorf Petra , Wolter Antke , Klinker Anne , Brandebusemeyer Mara , Nussbaum Uwe , Seemann Jannis
Published: August 2024

Background

Epilepsy and other seizure disorders account for a high disease burden in Germany. As a timely diagnosis and accurate treatment are crucial, improving the management of these disorders is important. Outside of Germany, outpatient long-term video EEGs (ALVEEGs) have demonstrated the potential to support the diagnosis and management of epilepsy and other seizure disorders. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of ALVEEGs as a new diagnostic pathway in eastern parts of Germany to diagnose epilepsy and other seizure disorders and to assess if ALVEEGs are equally effective as the current inpatient-monitoring gold standard, which is currently only available at a limited number of specialized centers in Germany.

Methods

ALVEEG is a prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled equivalence trial, involving five epilepsy centers in the eastern states of Germany. Patients will be randomized into either intervention (IG) or control group (CG), using a permuted block randomization. The sample size targeted is 688 patients, continuously recruited over the trial. The IG will complete an ALVEEG in a home setting, including getting access to a smartphone app to document seizure activity. The CG will receive care as usual, i.e., inpatient long-term video-EEG monitoring. The primary outcome is the proportion of clinical questions being solved in the IG compared to the CG. Secondary outcomes include hospital stays, time until video EEG, time until diagnosis and result discussion, patients’ health status, quality of life and health competence, and number and form of epilepsy-related events and epileptiform activity. Alongside the trial, a process implementation and health economic evaluation will be conducted.

Discussion

The extensive evaluation of this study, including an implementation and health economic evaluation, will provide valuable information for health policy decision-makers to optimize future delivery of neurological care to patients affected by epilepsy and other seizure disorders and on the uptake of ALVEEG into standard care in Germany.

Trial registration

German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00032220), date registered: December 11, 2023.
Continuity of medication information transfer and continuous medication supply during hospital-to-home transitions - nationwide surveys in hospital and community pharmacies after implementing new legal requirements in Germany
Authors: Klasing Sophia , Dörje Frank , Hilgarth Heike , Metzger Nadine , Richling Ina , Seidling Hanna M.
Published: August 2024

Background

While successful information transfer and seamless medication supply are fundamental to medication safety during hospital-to-home transitions, disruptions are frequently reported. In Germany, new legal requirements came into force in 2017, strengthening medication lists and discharge summaries as preferred means of information transfer. In addition to previous regulations – such as dispensing medication at discharge by hospital pharmacies – hospital physicians were now allowed to issue discharge prescriptions to be supplied by community pharmacies. The aim of this survey study was to gain first nationwide insights into how these requirements are implemented and how they impact the continuity of medication information transfer and continuous medication supply.

Methods

Two nationwide self-administered online surveys of all hospital and community pharmacies across Germany were developed and conducted from April 17th to June 30th, 2023.

Results

Overall, 31.0% (n = 111) of all German hospital pharmacies and 4.5% (n = 811) of all community pharmacies participated. The majority of those hospital pharmacies reported that patients who were discharged were typically provided with discharge summaries (89.2%), medication lists (59.5%) and if needed, discharge prescriptions (67.6%) and/or required medication (67.6%). About every second community pharmacy (49.0%) indicated that up to half of the recently discharged patients who came to their pharmacy typically presented medication lists. 34.0% of the community pharmacies stated that they typically received a discharge summary from recently discharged patients at least once per week. About three in four community pharmacies (73.3%) indicated that most discharge prescriptions were dispensed in time. However, one-third (31.0%) estimated that half and more of the patients experienced gaps in medication supply. Community pharmacies reported challenges with the legal requirements – such as patients´ poor comprehensibility of medication lists, medication discrepancies, unmet formal requirements of discharge prescriptions, and poor accessibility of hospital staff in case of queries. In comparison, hospital pharmacies named technical issues, time/personnel resources, and deficits in patient knowledge of medication as difficulties.

Conclusion

According to the pharmacies´ perceptions, it can be assumed that discontinuation in medication information transfer and lack of medication supply still occur today during hospital-to-home transitions, despite the new legal requirements. Further research is necessary to supplement these results by the perspectives of other healthcare professionals and patients in order to identify efficient strategies.
Retrospective ANalysis of multi-drug resistant Gram-nEgative bacteRia on veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The multicenter RANGER STUDY
Authors: Boscolo Annalisa , Bruni Andrea , Giani Marco , Garofalo Eugenio , Sella Nicolò , Pettenuzzo Tommaso , Bombino Michela , Palcani Matteo , Rezoagli Emanuele , Pozzi Matteo , Falcioni Elena , Pistollato Elisa , Biamonte Eugenio , Murgolo Francesco , D’Arrigo Graziella , Gori Mercedes , Tripepi Giovanni Luigi , Gottin Leonardo , Longhini Federico , Grasso Salvatore , Navalesi Paolo , Foti Giuseppe
Published: August 2024

Background

Veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-V ECMO) is a rapidly expanding life-support technique worldwide. The most common indications are severe hypoxemia and/or hypercapnia, unresponsive to conventional treatments, primarily in cases of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Concerning potential contraindications, there is no mention of microbiological history, especially related to multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria isolated before V-V ECMO placement. Our study aims to investigate: (i) the prevalence and incidence of MDR Gram-negative (GN) bacteria in a cohort of V-V ECMOs; (ii) the risk of 1-year mortality, especially in the case of predetected MDR GN bacteria; and (iii) the impact of annual hospital V-V ECMO volume on the probability of acquiring MDR GN bacteria.

Methods

All consecutive adults admitted to the Intensive Care Units of 5 Italian university-affiliated hospitals and requiring V-V ECMO were screened. Exclusion criteria were age < 18 years, pregnancy, veno-arterial or mixed ECMO-configuration, incomplete records, survival < 24 h after V-V ECMO. A standard protocol of microbiological surveillance was applied and MDR profiles were identified using in vitro susceptibility tests. Cox-proportional hazards models were applied for investigating mortality.

Results

Two hundred and seventy-nine V-V ECMO patients (72% male) were enrolled. The overall MDR GN bacteria percentage was 50%: 21% (n.59) detected before and 29% (n.80) after V-V ECMO placement. The overall 1-year mortality was 42%, with a higher risk observed in predetected patients (aHR 2.14 [1.33–3.47], p value 0.002), while not in ‘V-V ECMO-acquired MDR GN bacteria’ group (aHR 1.51 [0.94–2.42], p value 0.090), as compared to ‘non-MDR GN bacteria’ group (reference). Same findings were found considering only infections. A larger annual hospital V-V ECMO volume was associated with a lower probability of acquiring MDR GN bacteria during V-V ECMO course (aOR 0.91 [0.86–0.97], p value 0.002).

Conclusions

21% of MDR GN bacteria were detected before; while 29% after V-V ECMO connection. A history of MDR GN bacteria, isolated before V-V ECMO, was an independent risk factor for mortality. The annual hospital V-V ECMO volume affected the probability of acquiring MDR GN bacteria.

Trial Registration ClinicalTrial.gov Registration Number NCTNCT06199141, date 12.26.2023.
Role of physical structure on performance index of crossflow microchannel heat exchanger with regression analysis
Authors: Jahan Salma , Nasrin Rehena
Published: August 2024

Microchannel heat exchangers have become the preferred choice in contemporary technologies like electronics, refrigeration, and thermal management systems. Their popularity stems from their compact design and exceptional efficiency, which outperform traditional heat exchangers (HE). Despite ongoing efforts, the optimal microchannels for enhancing heat management, minimizing pressure drop, and boosting overall performance have yet to be identified. This study seeks to deepen our understanding of heat transmission and fluid dynamics within a cross-flow microchannel heat exchanger (CFMCHE). Utilizing numerical modeling, it examines how various physical aspects—such as channel geometry, spacing between channels, the number of channels, and the velocity at the inlet—affect key performance indicators like pressure drop, effectiveness, Nusselt number, and overall efficiency. To enhance the design, we analyze six unique shapes of crossflow microchannel heat exchangers: circular, hexagonal, trapezoidal, square, triangular, and rectangular. We employ the Galerkin-developed weighted residual finite element method to numerically address the governing three-dimensional conjugate partial differential coupled equations. The numerical results for each shape are presented, focusing on the surface temperature, pressure drop, and temperature contours. Additionally, calculations include the efficacy, the heat transfer rate in relation to pumping power, and the overall performance index. The findings reveal that while circular shapes achieve the highest heat transfer rates, they underperform compared to square-shaped CFMCHEs. This underperformance is largely due to the increased pressure drop in circular channels, which also exhibit a 1.03% greater reduction in effectiveness rate than their square-shaped counterparts. Consequently, square-shaped channels, boasting a performance index growth rate of 53.57%, emerge as the most effective design among the six shapes evaluated. Additionally, for the square-shaped CFMCHE, we include residual error plots and present a multiple-variable linear regression equation that boasts a correlation coefficient of 0.8026.
The crustal deformation mechanism of southern Chuandian block: constrained by S wave velocity and its azimuthal anisotropy
Authors: Gao Zaiji , Sun Ya , Huang Jiwen , Li Qiu
Published: August 2024

We construct the 3D Shear wave velocity and azimuthal anisotropy images in the southern Chuandian block using phase velocity dispersion of Rayleigh wave in the period of 5–45 s. The images show two extensive low-velocity zones with a depth range of 20–40 km. The west range of the low-velocity extends from the Lijiang-Xiaojinhe fault to the Red River fault, while its east range follows along the Xiaojiang fault. Two ranges of low velocities are merged at the southern inner belt of the Emeishan Large Igneous Provinces (ELIP). The observed fast directions of azimuthal anisotropy are consistent with the extension of low-velocity ranges at the lower crust. The findings reveal the presence of two potential weak channels in the lower crust, characterized by low-velocity zones, which align with the hypothesis of lower crustal flow. Meanwhile, the crust around the inner belt of ELIP exhibits a high-velocity body characterized by a northeast-trending and counter-clockwise azimuthal anisotropy. Combined with geological data, we attribute the high S-velocity to a mafic–ultramafic magma reservoir of the ELIP, which blocks the continuity of crustal flow within the southern Chuandian block, thus dividing the lower crustal flow into two branches. Additionally, we also find the fast directions of azimuthal anisotropy above 20 km align well with the strike-slip fault orientations. The above research results indicate that the crustal deformation in the southern Chuandian block is likely attributed to the joint action of the two deformation mechanisms. One involves a lower crustal flow model, while the other entails rigid extrusion controlled by the deep-seated, large-scale strike-slip faults in the upper crust.
Exploring the potential of chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.): a comprehensive review and conceptual mapping
Authors: Abdelwahab Siddig Ibrahim , Taha Manal Mohamed Elhassan , Aljahdali Ieman , Oraibi Bassem , Alzahrani Amal , Farasani Abdullah , Alfaifi Hassan , Babiker Yasir
Published: August 2024

Background

Castanea sativa Mill. is important for ecosystems and societies. Its rich historical and cultural significance, remarkable ecological contributions, and diverse applications have inspired scientific research. This comprehensive review and conceptual mapping of chestnut research consolidates existing knowledge, identifies emerging trends, and highlights untapped potential to inform future investigations. First, the Scopus database was searched to retrieve all data-driven articles in English related to C. sativa published in English from 1951 to 2023. Second, the R language, Scopus Analytics, and VOSviewer were used to analyze the year of publication, authors, countries, affiliations, keywords, and citations. Finally, network analysis was performed to evaluate the hotspots and developmental trends of C. sativa. A total of 1889 research articles were recovered.

Results

The articles showed an exponential progression, with a regression coefficient of 0.9435 (R2) and an annual growth rate of 6.28%. Italy (19.87%), Spain (15.56%), Portugal (13.39%), Turkey (6.92%), and Switzerland (5.17%) were the most prolific countries. C. sativa (798), sweet chestnut (54), cryphonectria parasitica (44), honey (38), phenolic compounds (35), chestnut blight (33) and antioxidant activity (31) are the keywords that occur the most frequently. The main research groups in the thematic map are "forest management," "Cryphonectria parasitica," "wood," "Spain" and "ethnobotany." Research on C. sativa has all the basic, motor, niche, and emerging or declining themes. Forest management, drought, Gnomoniopsis smithogilvyi, C. sativa shells, amino acids, honey, phenolic compounds, hydrolyzable tannins, antioxidant capacity, antioxidants, and extractives are trending topics.

Conclusions

This bibliometric analysis highlights the importance of C. sativa research, revealing its ecological contributions, cultural significance, and diverse applications. Future studies should focus on forest management, drought resistance, and bioactive properties to ensure sustainable utilization.
Barriers and opportunities for implementing prescribed fire: lessons from managers in the mid-Atlantic region, United States
Authors: Smithwick Erica A. H. , Wu Hong , Spangler Kaitlyn , Adib Mahsa , Wang Rui , Dems Cody , Taylor Alan , Kaye Margot , Zipp Katherine , Newman Peter , Miller Zachary D. , Zhao Anthony
Published: August 2024

Background

Prescribed burning is a beneficial fire management practice used by practitioners worldwide to meet multiple land management objectives, including reduction of wildfire hazard, promotion of biodiversity, and management of vegetation for wildlife and human interests. Meeting these objectives can be difficult due to the need for institutional coordination, resource and policy constraints, and community support. We examined these dynamics in the United States’ mid-Atlantic region because prescribed fire use is increasing in the region to meet a broadening set of land management objectives. Managers are at the frontlines of these challenges and hold significant experience and knowledge for enhancing wildland fire management policy and strategy. Towards better leveraging this insight, we conducted focus groups with fire managers in land management agencies in the region to identify managers’ perceived barriers and opportunities for implementing prescribed fire.

Results

We found manager perceptions to be hierarchical, with barriers and opportunities expressed across landscape, community, and individual levels. Limited institutional coordination across landscapes was seen by managers as an opportunity for expanding prescribed fire implementation, whereas coping with shared fear or stress about burning among individual managers or individual community members was seen as a significant barrier. Yet, despite different prescribed burning histories and policies at the state level, barriers and opportunities were similar among managers in the mid-Atlantic region.

Conclusions

Managers in the mid-Atlantic region confront barriers to prescribed fire use but are also uniquely positioned to recognize opportunities to enhance its implementation. This work sheds light on these barriers and opportunities, revealing that managers desire greater opportunities for landscape-level fire planning and coordination across agencies as well as greater opportunities for community engagement and interpersonal trust-building within complex social-management networks. Manager perspectives from the mid-Atlantic provide lessons for other regions across the globe grappling with new or broadened land-management strategies that include beneficial fire use.
Models of Disability as Research Frameworks in Biology Education Research
Authors: Tedeschi Mason N. , Limeri Lisa B.
Published: August 2024

This review synthesizes DBER literature focusing on disability and explains how this research has been guided by different theoretical models created by disability theorists.
Suicidal behaviors in mental illness: A case-control study. Suicidal behaviors in mental illness: A case-control study
Authors: Boumnijel A. , Rouached S. , Boudriga S. , Lagha M. , Homri W. , Ben Rhomdhane I. , Labbane R.
Published: August 2024

Introduction

The assessment of suicide risk remains a critical concern, especially within the psychiatric community. Mental health professionals continually work to identify and support individuals at risk, emphasizing the need for ongoing research and training in this area.

Objectives

The objectives of our study were to understand the characteristics of patients hospitalized after a suicide attempt (SA), analyze the characteristics of these attempts, identify risk factors associated with suicidal behaviors, and determine predictors for recurring suicidal behavior.

Methods

The study’s methodology was retrospective, descriptive, and comparative. It was conducted with 277 patients hospitalized in the psychiatric department “C” of Razi Psychiatric Hospital in Manouba. The sample consists of 72 individuals who attempted suicide, divided into two groups: first-time attempters and recurrent patients, and 205 controls hospitalized for other reasons during the same period.

Results

Results showed a significant increase in the frequency of hospitalizations for SA, rising from 0.7% to 2.25% of the total admissions between 2018 and 2022. Those who attempted suicide were on average 32.5 years old, predominantly female, urban residents, with a moderate socioeconomic status, secondary or higher education, unemployed, unmarried, childless, and lacking strong family support.

The study identified several risk factors associated with suicide attempts, including risky behaviors, previous life events, type II bipolar disorders, personality disorders, the number of psychiatric hospitalizations, and the quality of follow-up. However, schizophrenia was negatively correlated with SA.

Suicidal recurrence was observed in 65.5% of attempters and was linked to personal psychiatric follow-up history, mood disorders, personality disorders, the presence of stress factors, and caustic substance ingestion.

Conclusions

In conclusion, the study underscores the importance of assessing suicide risk among individuals with mental disorders to implement appropriate prevention strategies.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared
Prevalence of skin disorders among psychiatric inpatients
Authors: Turki M. , Abid W. , Khardani O. , Mellouli A. , Megdiche M. A. , Halouani N. , Ellouze S. , Aloulou J.
Published: August 2024

Introduction

The interface between dermatology and psychiatry is complex and of clinical importance. Skin disorders in psychiatric inpatients are common, serious and under diagnosed.

Objectives

The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence and profile of several skin diseases observed in psychiatric inpatients.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study in the period from october,13 2023 to october,20 2023, among psychiatric male inpatients, hospitalized in psychiatry B department of the Hedi Chaker University Hospital (Sfax, Tunisia). We collected sociodemographic and clinical data using a pre-established form.

Results

Over a period of a week, 35 patients were included in our study. The mean age of patients was 39,97 years. Among them, 80% were single and 14,3% were married. Addictive behaviors were reported in 74,3% of cases. The level of hygiene was good in 74,3% of patients. The three most common psychiatric diagnoses were schizophrenia (31,4%), followed by bipolar disorder (28,6%) and schizoaffective disorder (25,7%). We recorded 13 cases of skin diseases (37,2% of patients). Dermatological lesions were dominated by traumatic origin in 14,3% of cases. They were of infectious origin in 11,4% of cases, immunoallergic in 8,6% and parasitic in 2.9%.

Conclusions

The prevalence of skin diseases is high in psychiatric inpatients, for whom proper skin care is necessary to improve their quality of life.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared
Suicidal behavior in combat veterans with mood disorders
Authors: Sher L.
Published: August 2024

Introduction. Military conflicts are ubiquitous. There are many combat veterans around the world. The combat environment is characterized by violence, physical strains, separation from loved ones, and other hardships. Mood disorders and suicidality in combat veterans are a large and important issue.

Objectives

To discuss the pathophysiology and prevention of suicidal behavior in combat veterans with mood disorders

Methods

A review of the literature on suicidal behavior in combat veterans with mood disorders including own publications.

Results

Combat deployment may lead to multiple emotional, cognitive, psychosomatic symptoms, mood disorders, suicidal ideation and behavior. Pre-deployment, deployment and post-deployment adversities may increase risk of mood disorders and suicide in combat veterans. The act of killing in combat is a stressor which may raise suicide risk. Combat-related injuries are associated with significantly increased depression and suicide risk. Post-deployment difficulties of reintegrating into civilian life may lead to depression and suicidality. Studies suggest that suicidal behavior in combat veterans may have a neurobiological basis. Prevention of mood disorders and suicide among combat veterans should include pre-deployment screening to exclude individuals with psychiatric disorders; psychological support and prevention of harassment and/or abuse during deployment; psychosocial support after deployment; diagnosing and treating psychiatric and medical disorders including neurological disorders; frequent depression and suicide screening; education of mental and non-mental health clinicians, war veterans, their families and friends regarding signs/symptoms of mood disorders and suicidality; and restriction of access to lethal means.

Conclusion

Combat veterans are a unique population. They are frequently exposed to psychological, physical, and biological factors which are unusual for civilians or non-combat military veterans. We need to study the specific psychobiology of combat veterans to understand how to develop effective depression and suicide prevention interventions for this population.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared
Role of mental health and quality of life in adherence and effectiveness of a motivational exercise program to improve weight and functionality: “The way to change diabetes”.
Authors: Pelayo-Terán J. M. , Vega-García S. , Gutiérrez-Hervás Z. , García-Llamas M. E. , Díez-Hernández A. , López Crespo M. E. , Durán Román D. J. , Bilo H. J. , Zapico Merayo Y.
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Exercise and other lifestyles are key treatment strategies to improve diabetes outcome, prevent cardiovascular risk and may also result in further results in quality if life and emotional symptoms.

Objectives

To evaluate the effectiveness of an exercise intervention program for people with diabetes or cardiovascular risk.

To evaluate the influence of previous metal health and quality of life status in the results.

Methods

61 people with a type 2 diabetes or cardiovascular risk factors were recruited from health primary health centers in Ponferrada (EL Bierzo), including patients from the mental health association. After informed consent they were included in a 20 week, twice a week supervised walking training program to improve exercise and other lifestyles. A poster used for advertisement of the adtivity (“the way/walk to change diabetes”) is displayed in image 1). Baseline and after 20 weeks BMI and Waist perimeter were assessed, quality of life was evaluated with EQ-5D-5L and WHO-5 scales and the weekly steps walked were recorded previously and after the intervention with the subject usual mobile device.

Differences in the variables were compared with Paired Ts and repeated ANCOVAs measures adjusted by gender, age and initial steps.

Results

46 subjects (75.4%) completed more than 90% of the sessions and 3 more 70-90%. The 19.7% that did not complete had worse scores in SF-12 Role Physical (t 2.261, p=0.041) and Role Emotional (t:2.048, p=0.045) and Mental Component Summary (t:2,313; p=0,036) and WHO5 Total Score (t:2.101; p=0,040) at Baseline. Main reasons for dropout (Image 2) were health related problems (50%) and adherence to exercise and motivation problems (31.25%).

Those who completed the training improve number of weekly steps (baseline: 42022,92 +- 18836,35, final: 66448.06 +-28914,58; t:5.038; p<0.001), BMI (29.45 +-4.66 to 28.25 +-4.09 kg/m2; t:5.629; p<0.001), waist (from 107,34 + 9.98 to 102,88 +9,79 cm; t:6,840; p<0.001) and the EoQ-5D-EL VAS (form 72.88 to 82.42; t:6.122; p<0.001, image 3). The increase in the steps correlated directly with the improvement in the EoQ VAS (r:0.308; p=0.033).

Image:

Image 2:

Image 3:

Conclusions

Exercise and lifestyle supervised intervention programs appear to be useful to improve physical health, wellbeing, emotional symptoms and quality of life in people with diabetes and cardiovascular risk.

Factors associated to higher dropout rates were previous limited quality of life scores and mental health worse status. These could be related with limited motivation and adherence to the program and may be of interest to develop specific strategies for these high-risk groups.

Studies focused on the long-term effect of the program are warranted.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared
The psychological profile of patients with hypertension and its role in patients’ self-care
Authors: Stamoulis T. , Dragioti E. , Gouva M. , Kourakos M.
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Hypertension is a major risk factor for premature death, cardiovascular disease, and stroke worldwide. However, due to the chronic nature of hypertension, patients are at an increased risk of developing mental and emotional disorders, which can affect their adherence to self-care.

Objectives

To conduct a systematic review to investigate the psychological profile, psychological characteristics, and personality traits of hypertensive patients and their role in self-care adherence.

Methods

A thorough and comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify relevant studies for this review. PubMed, Scopus, and APA PsycInfo databases were searched from their inception until March 7th, 2023. The protocol for this review will be registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Review (PROSPERO) in the future.

Results

After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria and removing duplicate results, 55 articles were selected, the majority of which were grouped into three main categories based on psychological profiles for accurate analysis and comparison.

Conclusions

This systematic review contributes to the investigation of the relationship between psychological profiles and self-care in hypertensive patients. Despite the prevailing controversy in the literature, a greater proportion of studies indicate that depression, anxiety, low quality of life, type D personality and neurotic personality have a negative impact on self-care in hypertension.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared
Psychiatric disorder in prolonged post-concussive syndrom : clinical assessment, physiopathology and management review of the literature
Authors: Bouguerra I. , Touiti A. , Hajri A. , Maamri A. , Zalila H.
Published: August 2024

Introduction

According to the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), post concussive syndrome (PCS) is given a diagnosis of either major or mild neurocognitive disorder (NCD) due to traumatic brain injury TBI. However Persistent post-concussion symptoms (PPCS) are more complex, and typically involve multidisciplinary assessment and management. The symptoms are varied, non-specific and the therapeutic process is defiant for psychiatrist.

Objectives

To investigate the semiology of persistent post-concussion syndrome (PPCS) and the therapeutic challenges it poses.

Methods

A literature review was made on Pubmed, Google Scholar and Cochrane library using keywords: “post-concussive syndrome”,”psychiatric disorder”, “depression”,”post-traumatic stress disorder”,”treatment”, “physiopathology”.

Results

The physiopathology of persistent PCS is controversy.The Symptoms are due to the Concept of “Symptom Generators” which results from the alterations in neurophysiology and neuropathology secondary to the injury, and pre- or post-injury psychological factors physiological concussion. The Global cerebral metabolic disturbance, the autonomic nervous system dysfunction and the cerebral blood flow dysregulation induce biochemical cascade,excitotoxic reaction and immunotoxicity.

Clinical diagnoses associated with PPCS are:Major depressive disorder,Post traumatic stress disorder,Anxiety disorder,Substance abuse disorder,Psychotic disorder and Antisocial personality disorder. For the non pharmacological management: A systematically early information and a graded physical exercise in addition to other treatment are essential.

Antidepressant, benzodiazepine and mood-stabilizer are the most recommended treatments for psychiatric symptoms. Atypical neuroleptics are indicated in delirant disorder, behavior disorder and antisocial personality disorder.Some studies suggest the methylphenidate and biperiden to treat several cognitive impairment and severe behavior disorder.

Conclusions

(PPCS) is far from being a subjective complaint by patients. It is a complex clinical entity that groups symptoms that overlap with other psychiatric diagnoses, such as depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and mood disorders. Early neuropsychiatric assessment and personalized pharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatment are essential factors in the prognosis of the disease.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared
A Study of Dry Mouth and Gastrointestinal Disorders in Patients Taking Antidepressant
Authors: Lee S.-Y. , Lee H.-J.
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Dry mouth is a subjective symptom of the feeling of dehydration inside of the mouth and is closely linked to reduced salivary secretion. The occurrence of dry mouth and GI disorders due to antidepressants greatly affects the course of the mental disorder and medication compliance, but it has barely ever been studied.

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of dry mouth and gastrointestinal (GI) disorders in antidepressant patients.

Methods

The study included 103 antidepressant-taking patients. Antidepressants were classified according to their mode of action. The GI disorders were investigated using the medical records of the patients. The Patient Health Questionnaire-15 and a questionnaire for assessing dry mouth symptoms were used in this study. The questionnaire for the evaluation of dry mouth symptoms, a visual analog scale (VAS)–based instrument, developed and evaluated for reliability by Lee et al. was used to assess dry mouth. In the questionnaire, 6 VAS items were assessed for the extent of dry mouth (0-100 points) : 1) dry mouth at night or when waking up in the morning, 2) dry mouth during the day, 3) dry mouth when eating, 4) difficulty in swallowing, 5) subjective evaluation of the volume of saliva in the mouth, and 6) overall discomfort in daily life. Additionally, four items examined behaviors due to dry mouth (1-5points) : 1) frequency of waking up from sleep due to dry mouth, 2) frequency of preparing drinking water before going to bed, 3) frequency of drinking water when eating solid foods, and 4) frequency of eating hard candies or chewing gums to help dry mouth.

Results

The score for “overall discomfort due to dry mouth in daily life” (31.72±33.82), “dry mouth at night or in the morning” (47.86±35.87), and “dry mouth during the day” (39.83±31.67) were slightly higher than “discomfort in chewing or swallowing foods”. According to somatization severity, the mean values were 116.36±113.34 in the mild, 213.18±136.98 in the moderate, and 277.59±201.44 in the severe, the between-group difference was significant (F=10.294, p<0.001). According to the class of antidepressants, the mean score was 180.00±147.5 for vortioxetine, 194.25±169.33 for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), 223.61±156.70 for serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), 75.00±57.00 for norepinephrine dopamine reuptake inhibitors (NDRIs), 201.67±174.66 for Nassau, and 116.67±132.03 for agomelatine. A total of 67 (65.0%) patients had at least one GI disorder.

Conclusions

The study findings are expected to help increase medication compliance in antidepressant patients by better controlling the side effects experienced by the patients.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared
Online T group experiences during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Arbanas G. , Botica A. , Goršić H. , Baković M. , Bagarić M. , Barun I.
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Online group therapy has become more popular in the past few years. But as a result of the COVID-19-caused pandemic, it developed suddenly. Due to the conventional face-to-face format no longer being possible and the need for psychotherapists to conduct psychotherapy online, the pandemic has had significant effects on group psychotherapy and the interactions between group therapy members. While therapists are becoming accustomed to the modern form of psychotherapy, its efficacy is being questioned due to technical issues, the problem of the therapeutic alliance, the environment, the ability to read nonverbal signals, breaking group norms, etc. Since the pandemic did not abate, as a part of specialist education training groups were also held online.

Objectives

The pandemic changed the basic settings of our Group-Analytic Training Group, forcing us to switch to online sessions. This study aimed to find personal experiences that varied throughout online and face-to-face meetings.

Methods

Seven out of the twelve participants accepted to take part in the group therapy/training after it was recommended by the group leader that they write a paper. After 30 sessions, the group turned from face-to-face to online group therapy, and the members were asked how they felt about the difference between the two types of therapy. A questionnaire was produced by the group’s leader and a number of other participants, who then forwarded it through email to every group member.

Results

Everyone who participated thought that because one can more quickly pick up on non-verbal signs in a face-to-face scenario, it was simpler to notice feedback from the other group members. Most participant comments focused on the leader’s role. The majority of members claimed that taking part in the experiential group had benefited both their personal and professional lives.However they thought the in-person setting was better since it was more interesting and complex.

Conclusions

Since there were no other options during the epidemic, group therapy has moved to virtual environments, although there are still a lot of problems to this method. The formation of group cohesion becomes difficult by the absence of group members’ physical presence and by the inability to completely understand nonverbal communication.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared
The psychiatric assessment including fitness to participate in court proceedings for defendants with intellectual disabilities
Authors: McCarthy J.
Published: August 2024

The very brief presentation will describe the initial approach to the psychiatric assessment of the case presented including the issue of fitness to participate in court proceedings. The use of screening tools at court to identify people with intellectual disabilities will be highlighted along with what support can be provided for vulnerable offenders in attending court. The potential disposal options for the court such as prison or hospital or community will be outlined. Variation in practice across Eurpean countries needs further discussion to ensure the rights of defendants with intellectual disabilities are safeguarded during their participation in court proceedings

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared
Coping strategies facing Covid-19, perceived social support, and trait anxiety among Tunisian caregivers
Authors: Smaoui N. , Jallouli B. , Gassara I. , Feki R. , Omri S. , Bou Ali Maalej M. , Charfi N. , Ben Thabet J. , Zouari L. , Maalej M.
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Caregivers in the Sfax region, Tunisia, having been at the forefront in the face of the Covid-19 pandemic, were therefore faced with intense stress. It seemed useful and interesting to us to study their adaptation strategies during this period of pandemic.

Objectives

The aims of our study were to identify the coping strategies used by Tunisian Healthcare workers (HCW) during the Covid-19 pandemic and to study the links of the different coping strategies with perceived social support and trait anxiety.

Methods

A cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study conducted among 254 Tunisian HCW working at the Habib Bourguiba and Hedi Chaker university hospitals in Sfax, during period from January 2021 to April 2021. the questionnaire used included an information sheet and three scales; “Social support questionary 6” (SSQ-6), “State Trait Inventory Anxiety Form Y2” (STAI-Y2), and “Ways of Coping Checklist” (WCC).

Results

Using the WCC scale, the strategy most used by participants was the problem-focused one (M = 2.98 ±0.53), followed by the emotion-focused strategy (M = 2.65 ±0 .58), and that centered on the search for social support (M = 2.64 ±0.59). Using the SSQ-6, the mean score for the availability of perceived social support was equal to 8.91±4.59 and the score mean perceived satisfaction was equal to 28.63±5.84. The prevalence of trait anxiety was 50%, according to the STAI-Y2. Statistical tests showed that problem-focused coping was the strategy most adopted by non-anxious participants. They also showed that the higher the availability of perceived social support, the more the social support-seeking coping strategy was chosen, and the higher the perceived satisfaction with perceived social support, the less the emotion-focused strategy was chosen.

Conclusions

It seems necessary to propose a learning program for coping strategies to counter the potential emergence of ineffective strategies and to reinforce the use of effective strategies, in order to improve or maintain optimal well-being of health personnel.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared
The connection between the experience of the disease and perceptions about COVID-19 in patients
Authors: Deshchenko E. V. , Koniukhovskaia J. E. , Stepanova O. B. , Shishkova I. M. , Pervichko E. I. , Mitina O. V. , Semenova E. R.
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Since the COVID-19 pandemic has had a serious impact on the psychological state of the population, the individual experience of COVID-19 disease may affect the content of perceptions about coronavirus in those who have been ill with it.

Objectives

The aim of the research was to study the connection between patients’ experience of the disease and their perceptions about COVID-19.

Methods

A Short questionnaire of Disease Perception (E. Broadbent) was used to study patients’ perceptions about COVID-19 disease. The wording “disease” was replaced with “COVID-19 disease”.

The study was conducted from January 2021 to November 2022. The sample consisted of 390 patients (64 men and 326 women), whose average age was 28.58±10.74.

Results

The subjective assessment of the duration of COVID-19 disease and its impact on the patient’s life is higher if the patient is still sick with COVID-19 (r=0.340, p=0.008; r=0.312, p=0.000), in a more severe form (r=0.341, p=0.000; r=0.298, p=0.000), less satisfied with the attitude of medical workers during illness (r=0.151, p=0.003; r=0.143, p=0.005), more afraid for the health of their loved ones (r=-0.194, p=0.000; r=-0.181, p=0.000). At the same time, greater concern about COVID-19 and a greater assessment of its impact on the emotional state is associated with patients’ fear for the health of loved ones (r=-0.267, p=0.000; r=-0.242, p=0.000) and more severe course of the disease (r=0.107, p=0.035; r=0.126, p=0.013). Less sense of control in a COVID-19 disease situation is associated with a more severe course of the disease and greater fear for the health of loved ones (r=-0.174, p=0.001; r=0.154, p=0.002).

Conclusions

Thus, whether the patient has recovered after COVID-19 or not yet, how severe this disease was, how satisfied he was with the attitude of medical workers towards him during the illness and how much he fears for the health of loved ones during the pandemic, is related to such perceptions about COVID-19 disease as an assessment of the disease duration, its impact on life, emotional state, concern about one’s own illness and understanding of its nature.

Disclosure: Research is supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project No. 21-18-00624.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared