bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eight-Fold Increased COVID-19 Mortality in Autosomal Dominant Tubulointerstitial Kidney Disease due to MUC1 Mutations: An Observational Study
Authors: Kidd Kendrah O. , Williams Adrienne H. , Taylor Abbigail , Martin Lauren , Robins Victoria , Sayer John A. , Olinger Eric , Mabillard Holly R. , Papagregoriou Gregory , Deltas Constantinos , Stavrou Christoforos , Conlon Peter J. , Hogan Richard Edmund , Elhassan Elhussein A.E. , Springer Drahomíra , Zima Tomáš , Izzi Claudia , Vrbacká Alena , Piherová Lenka , Pohludka Michal , Radina Martin , Vylet’al Petr , Hodanova Katerina , Zivna Martina , Kmoch Stanislav , Bleyer Anthony J.
Published: September 2024

Background
MUC1 and UMOD pathogenic variants cause autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease (ADTKD). MUC1 is expressed in kidney, nasal mucosa and respiratory tract, while UMOD is expressed only in kidney. Due to haplo-insufficiency ADTKD-MUC1 patients produce approximately 50% of normal mucin-1.
Methods
To determine whether decreased mucin-1 production was associated with an increased COVID-19 risk, we sent a survey to members of an ADTKD registry in September 2021, after the initial, severe wave of COVID-19. We linked results to previously obtained ADTKD genotype and plasma CA15-3 (mucin-1) levels and created a longitudinal registry of COVID-19 related deaths.
Results
Surveys were emailed to 637 individuals, with responses from 89 ADTKD-MUC1 and 132 ADTKD-UMOD individuals. 19/83 (23%) ADTKD-MUC1 survey respondents reported a prior COVID-19 infection vs. 14/125 (11%) ADTKD-UMOD respondents (odds ratio (OR) 2.35 (95%CI 1.60–3.11, P = 0.0260). Including additional familial cases reported from survey respondents, 10/41 (24%) ADTKD-MUC1 individuals died of COVID-19 vs. 1/30 (3%) with ADTKD-UMOD, with OR 9.21 (95%CI 1.22–69.32), P = 0.03. The mean plasma mucin-1 level prior to infection in 14 infected and 27 uninfected ADTKD-MUC1 individuals was 7.06 ± 4.12 vs. 10.21 ± 4.02 U/mL (P = 0.035). Over three years duration, our longitudinal registry identified 19 COVID-19 deaths in 360 ADTKD-MUC1 individuals (5%) vs. 3 deaths in 478 ADTKD-UMOD individuals (0.6%) (P = 0.0007). Multivariate logistic regression revealed the following odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for COVID-19 deaths: ADTKD-MUC1 8.4 (2.9–29.5), kidney transplant 5.5 (1.6–9.1), body mass index (kg/m2) 1.1 (1.0-1.2), age (y) 1.04 (1.0-1.1).
Conclusions
Individuals with ADTKD-MUC1 are at an eight-fold increased risk of COVID-19 mortality vs. ADTKD-UMOD individuals. Haplo-insufficient production of mucin-1 may be responsible.
Functional characteristics of plankton in relation to biophysical processes in the Indian Sector of Southern Ocean: current status of ecosystem & future perspectives
Authors: A Sreerag , Mishra Rajani Kanta , Venkataramana V. , Soares Melena A. , Mohan R.
Published: September 2024

The plankton (phytoplankton and zooplankton) plays a major role in southern Ocean ecosystem and global climate by sinking of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and regulating biogeochemial cycle. In the study we are comparing the phytoplankton and zooplankton contributions and biomass, distinct patterns that emerge across Southern Ocean frontal zones during the austral summers of 2018 and 2020. In 2018, flagellates, particularly Gyrodinium sp., dominated carbon biomass in the Subtropical Front (STF), with contributions of 0.25 μg C/L, followed by Tripos sp., Dinophysis sp., and Protoperidinium sp. In the Subantarctic Front (SAF), Fragilariopsis sp. was prominent at 0.4 μg C/L, followed by Tripos sp. and Dinophysis sp. The Polar Front (PF), Fragilariopsis sp. significantly dominated at 1.7 μg C/L, followed by other species ranges 0.22-0.24 μg C/L. While the Southern Polar Front (SPF), Fragilariopsis sp. contributed 0.5 μg C/L. During 2020, Gyrodinium sp. became the key contributor in the STF with 1 μg C/L, followed by SAF (0.45 μg C/L), and ciliates at 0.11 μg C/L. In the PF, Fragilariopsis sp. and Thalassiosira sp. contributed at 0.6 μg C/L and 0.8 μg C/L respectively followed by Gyrodinium sp. (0.3 μg C/L). In the SPF, Fragilariopsis sp. dominated with 0.87 μg C/L followed by Gyrodinium sp. and Thalassiosira sp. The class abundance of cryptophytes dominated in the STF during 2018; however the dominance of diatom and cyanobacteria was prominent in 2020, while in SAF cryptophytes and green flagellates abundance showed a consistent. The diatoms were prevalent in the PF and SPF throughout study period, except in PF. Chlorophyll-a and other diagnostic pigments peaked contrarily across fronts and years, reflecting varying phytoplankton compositions and biomass. Zooplankton both calanoid and cyclopoid were increasing trend in PF and SPF region than STF and SAF in study period indicated their preferential food abundance of diatom biomass. On the other hand the chateognaths sp. was increased trend towards PF and SPF during 2018; whereas it decreased its trend in 2020 inferred the species with food preferential and environmental settings. Collectively, these findings underscore the dynamic relationship between phytoplankton and zooplankton communities, their shifts in distribution and abundance bases a significant role in biogeochemical cycle and climate change.
CT Coronary Fractional Flow Reserve Based on Artificial Intelligence using Different Software: A Repeatability Study
Authors: Li Jing , Yang Zhenxing , Sun Zhenting , Wang Xing , Jin Qiyu , Zhang Guoyu , Zhao Lei , Liu Aishi
Published: September 2024

Objective This study aims to assess the consistency of various CT-FFR software, to determine the reliability of current CT-FFR software, and to measure relevant influence factors. The goal is to build a solid foundation of enhanced workflow and technical principles that will ultimately improve the accuracy of measurements of coronary blood flow reserve fractions. This improvement is critical for assessing the level of ischemia in patients with coronary heart disease.
Methods 103 participants were chosen for a prospective research using coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) assessment. Heart rate, heart rate variability, subjective picture quality, objective image quality, vascular shifting length, and other factors were assessed. CT-FFR software including K software and S software are used for CT-FFR calculations. The consistency of the two software is assessed using paired-sample t-tests and Bland-Altman plots. The error classification effect is used to construct the receiver operating characteristic curve.
Results The CT-FFR measurements differed significantly between the K and S software, with a statistical significance of P < 0.05. In the Bland-Altman plot, 6% of the points (14 out of 216) fell outside the 95% consistency level. Single-factor analysis revealed that heart rate variability, vascular dislocation offset distance, subjective image quality, and lumen diameter significantly influenced the discrepancies in CT-FFR measurements between two software programs (P < 0.05). The ROC curve shows the highest AUC for the vessel shifting length, with an optimal cut-off of 0.85 mm.
Conclusion CT-FFR measurements vary among software from different manufacturers, leading to potential misclassification of qualitative diagnostics. Vessel shifting length, subjective image quality score, HRv, and lumen diameter impacted the measurement stability of various software.
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Allergy Indicators in Adults: A Retrospective Study from 2018 to 2023
Authors: Chen Junkang , Gu Yena , Yu Zhexuan , Jin Yutong , Yu Binyan , Ding Zhangkun , Xuan Lihua
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on allergy indicators in adult patients. We analyzed 8015 tIgE and 34,163 allergen detection results from 2018 to 2023. Patients were categorized into pre-pandemic (2018–2019), pandemic-period (2020–2022), and post-pandemic (2023) groups. Group comparisons and logistic regression analyses examined the relationship between relevant factors and tIgE positivity rates. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) using propensity scores was applied to address baseline imbalances. The findings demonstrated consistent conclusions for both tIgE and allergen detection. The tIgE positivity rates and levels were significantly lower during and after the pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic period. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that the pandemic and post-pandemic periods were associated with a reduced risk of tIgE positivity, with the pandemic period exhibiting a more pronounced effect. After IPTW adjustment, for tIgE, the pandemic and post-pandemic periods were associated with reduced tIgE positivity (OR = 0.436 and 0.465, respectively; P < 0.001). For tIgE related to allergen detection, the pandemic and post-pandemic periods were associated with reduced tIgE positivity (OR = 0.733 and 0.817, respectively; P < 0.001). The COVID-19 pandemic markedly enhanced allergy indicators in adults, potentially attributed to lifestyle modifications.
(Un)Healthy Neuroticism and Eating Behaviors: A Study of the Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research - Rockland Sample
Authors: Arend Isabel , Yuen Kenneth
Published: September 2024

Trait neuroticism is associated with maladaptive behaviors and mortality risk. However, high levels of both neuroticism and conscientiousness (i.e., healthy neuroticism) are associated with various positive health behaviors. Eating behavior is a modifiable risk factor for obesity and metabolic diseases. This study investigates the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between healthy neuroticism and eating behaviors. Data from the Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research - Rockland Sample included 712 adults with complete assessments of personality, eating behaviors, and clinical metabolic markers. Linear and mixed linear regression models examined cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of eating behaviors and personality, adjusting for socio-demographics (age, sex, education), sleep quality, body mass index (BMI), and metabolic markers. Healthy neuroticism predicted disinhibition and hunger dimensions of eating behavior cross-sectionally, a result that withstood the inclusion of disease burden and clinical metabolic markers. Longitudinally, healthy neuroticism didn't predict changes in eating behavior. Greater conscientiousness scores were associated with increase in restraint, and greater hunger scores with increase neuroticism over time. These findings provide the first evidence that neuroticism is associated with less maladaptive eating behavior tendencies when modulated by conscientiousness. The implications of these associations for potential bidirectional relationships between eating behavior, metabolic health, and personality are discussed.
Trajectory of mean platelet volume changes after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in patients with or without delayed cerebral ischemia.
Authors: Chardon Nicolas , Nourredine Mikail , Ledochowski Stanislas , Kurland Noémie Timestit , Dailler Frédéric , Ritzenthaler Thomas , Nougier Christophe , Balanca Baptiste
Published: September 2024

Background
The morbidity of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) remains high, particularly because of secondary cerebral lesions that significantly aggravate the primary lesions. The main type of secondary lesions is delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI), in which platelets (PLT) appear to play a key role. Mean platelet volume (MPV) is an indirect marker of platelet activation. We aimed to determine the individual trajectories of MPV over time in patients with and without DCI during the course of aSAH.
Methods
This is a single-center, retrospective, longitudinal analysis of individual trajectories of MPV over time, in a cohort of aSAH patients included in the Prospective, Observational Registry of Patient with Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Neurocritical Care Unit (ProReSHA). A mixed-effects linear regression model was used to compare the trajectories of MPV and MPV/PLT ratio between patients who developed a DCI and those who did not.
Results
A total of 3634 MPV values were collected in 587 patients. The analysis of MPV as a function of DCI occurrence showed a significant difference in the trajectory over time between patients with DCI and those without, with an estimate of 0.02 (95%CI 0.01, 0.04, p = 0.009). The analysis of the MPV/PLT ratio as a function of DCI occurrence and other covariates showed a significant difference in trajectory over time only for patients with a modified Fisher score less than 3, with an estimate of -0.59 (95%CI: -0.94, -0.23, p = 0.001).
Conclusion
The individual trajectories of MPV over time differ between patients with DCI and those without. However, MPV values vary greatly over time and between patients. Thus it does not appear as a reliable biomarker for stratifying patients based on their specific risk of developing DCI.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: (NCT02890004), registered in August 2016.
Definition of a Measurement Technique for Hexapod Circular Smart Fixators' Perioperative Assembly Parameters and Investigation of Alignment and Correlation with Postoperative Measurements: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Kanar Muharrem , Sülek Yusuf , Seymenoğlu Tolga Hayrettin , Armağan Raffi
Published: September 2024

Background: With the assistance of smart fixator technologies, the correction of complex deformities has been facilitated; however, the accurate integration of specialized radiographs and measurements into the system remains the greatest disadvantage, necessitating specialized imaging and an experienced team. When inexperienced technicians and doctors perform these specialized postoperative radiographs, excessive exposure of the patient and team to radioactive rays exacerbates inadequacies in measurements and delays the correction of residual deformities due to angular and translational adjustments. In this study, we compared postoperative measurements with those taken perioperatively via fluoroscopy, hypothesizing that it reduces the exposure of the patient and team to radioactive rays, allows for more accurate and timely correction of deformities and assembly parameters, and reduces time and costs.
Methods: Between 2013 and 2022, 84 patients with bone deformities were retrospectively reviewed. All patients had bone deformities and were treated with computer-assisted circular external fixator systems (Ca-CEF). Assembly parameter measurements began to be corrected via artificial neural network software via perioperative fluoroscopy in 37 patients and postoperative radiography in 47 patients. The surgical duration for all patients, perioperative measurement values, and number of radiographs taken on postoperative day 1, week, and month until deformity correction were recorded.
Results: The duration until deformity correction was shorter in patients who underwent postoperative measurements (mean 50.24 days) than in those who underwent perioperative measurements (mean 42.31 days), but this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.102). The surgical duration was significantly shorter in patients with postoperative measurements (mean of 130.37 minutes) than in those with perioperative measurements (mean of 155.88 minutes) (p=0.045).
For patients with postoperative measurements, 56.04 postoperative radiographs were taken. In contrast, patients with perioperative measurements had fewer radiographs totaling 28.7. This difference was statistically significant (p<0.01). There was no statistically significant difference in the fluoroscopy dose between patients with postoperative measurements (mean 18.54 mGy) and those with perioperative measurements (mean 22.22 mGy) (p=0.105).
Conclusion: To achieve accurate assembly parameters, minimizing X-ray exposure is crucial but can pose challenges. Our results showed that despite an average increase of 25 minutes in surgical duration, the time taken for deformity correction was shorter. Additionally, we obtained fewer postoperative radiographs, indicating reduced radiation exposure.
Motor Cortical Neuronal Hyperexcitability Associated with α-Synuclein Aggregation
Authors: Chu Hong-Yuan , Chen Liqiang , Chehade Hiba Douja
Published: September 2024

Dysfunction of the cerebral cortex is thought to underlie motor and cognitive impairments in Parkinson disease (PD). While cortical function is known to be suppressed by abnormal basal ganglia output following dopaminergic degeneration, it remains to be determined how the deposition of Lewy pathology disrupts cortical circuit integrity and function. Moreover, it is also unknown whether cortical Lewy pathology and midbrain dopaminergic degeneration interact to disrupt cortical function in late-stage. To begin to address these questions, we injected α-synuclein (αSyn) preformed fibrils (PFFs) into the dorsolateral striatum of mice to seed αSyn pathology in the cortical cortex and induce degeneration of midbrain dopaminergic neurons. Using this model system, we reported that αSyn aggregates accumulate in the motor cortex in a layer- and cell-subtype-specific pattern. Particularly, intratelencephalic neurons (ITNs) showed earlier accumulation and greater extent of αSyn aggregates relative to corticospinal neurons (CSNs). Moreover, we demonstrated that the intrinsic excitability and inputs resistance of αSyn aggregates-bearing ITNs in the secondary motor cortex (M2) are increased, along with a noticeable shrinkage of cell bodies and loss of dendritic spines. Last, neither the intrinsic excitability of CSNs nor their thalamocortical input was altered by a partial striatal dopamine depletion associated with αSyn pathology. Our results documented motor cortical neuronal hyperexcitability associated with αSyn aggregation and provided a novel mechanistic understanding of cortical circuit dysfunction in PD.
Weight cycling exacerbates glucose intolerance and hepatic triglyceride storage in mice with a history of chronic high fat diet exposure
Authors: Bernecker Miriam , Lin Anna , Molenaar Anna , Schriever Sonja Charlotte , Pfluger Paul Thomas
Published: September 2024

Background
Obese subjects undergoing weight loss often fear the Yoyo dieting effect, which involves regaining or even surpassing their initial weight. To date, our understanding of such long-term obesity and weight cycling effects is still limited and often based on only short-term murine weight gain and loss studies. This study aimed to investigate the long-term impacts of weight cycling on glycemic control and metabolic health, focusing on adipose tissue, liver, and hypothalamus.
Methods
Chow-fed mice and mice subjected to prolonged high-fat diet (HFD) consumption for 20 weeks, followed by 24 weeks of dietary interventions to either induce weight gain, weight loss, or weight cycling, were assessed for metabolic perturbations. Feeding efficiency, hepatic steatosis, circulating lipids, leptin levels, and glucose homeostasis were measured.
Results
Weight cycling led to hyperphagia and rapid weight regain, matching the weights of mice continuously on HFD. Despite weight loss, adipose tissue inflammation persisted with elevated pro-inflammatory markers and impaired glucose uptake. HFD- induced dysregulation in hypothalamic expression of orexigenic peptides and synaptic plasticity markers persisted even after weight normalization suggesting long-lasting neural alterations. Weight-cycled mice exhibited higher leptin levels, increased hepatic lipid storage, and dysregulated glucose metabolism compared to those with consistent diets, indicating worsened metabolic effects by Yoyo dieting.
Conclusion
In sum, our study highlights significant metabolic risks associated with weight cycling, particularly following prolonged obesity. Persistent adipose tissue inflammation, perturbed neural peptide and plasticity markers and impaired glucose tolerance emphasize the need for effective and sustainable weight loss strategies to mitigate the adverse outcomes of weight regain and improve long-term metabolic health.
Prognostic impact of postoperative management by an intensive care unit intensivist after colonic perforation
Authors: Tominaga Tetsuro , Nonaka Takashi , Yano Hiroshi , Sato Shuntaro , Ichinomiya Taiga , Sekino Motohiro , Hashimoto Shintaro , Shiraishi Toshio , Noda Keisuke , Ono Rika , Hisanaga Makoto , Ishii Mitsutoshi , Oyama Shosaburo , Ishimaru Kazuhide , Hara Tetsuya , Matsumoto Keitaro
Published: September 2024

Purpose
Postoperative management for colonic perforation is an important prognostic factor, but whether intensivists perform postoperative management varies between institutions.
Methods
We investigated 291 patients with colonic perforation between 2018 and 2022. Patients were divided into those managed by an intensivists (ICU group; n = 40) and those not managed by an intensivists (non-ICU group; n = 251). We examined how management by intensivists affected prognosis using inverse probability weighting, and clarified which patients should consult an intensivists.
Results
The ICU group showed a significantly higher shock index (1.15 vs 0.75, p < 0.01), higher APACHE II score (16.0 vs 10.0, p < 0.001), and more severe comorbidities (Charlson Comorbidity Index 5.0 vs 1.0, p < 0.001) and general peritonitis (85% vs 38%, p < 0.001). Adjusted risk differences were − 24% (-34% to -13%) for 6-month mortality rate. Six-month mortality was improved by ICU intensivist management in patients with general peritonitis (risk difference − 23.28; 95% confidence interval − 35 to -11); APACHE II score ≥20 (-0.79; -1.06 to -0.52); lactate ≥1.6 (-0.38; -0.57 to -0.29); shock index ≥1.0 (-40.01; -54.87 to -25.16); and catecholamine index ≥10 (-41.16; -58.13 to -24.19).
Conclusions
Intensivists were involved in treating patients in poor general condition, but prognosis was extremely good. Appropriate case consultation with intensivists is important.
Screening and risk analysis of atrial fibrillation after radiotherapy for breast cancer: Rationale and design for the Watch Your HeaRT cohort study (WATCH)
Authors: Saint-Lary Laura , Pinel Baptiste , Panh Loïc , Jimenez Gaëlle , Geffrelot Julien , Kirova Youlia , Camilleri Jérémy , Broggio David , Bernier Marie-Odile , Mandin Corinne , Levy Christelle , Boveda Serge , Thariat Juliette , Jacob Sophie
Published: September 2024

Background
Post-radiotherapy atrial fibrillation (AF) in breast cancer (BC) patients is a relatively new and understudied topic. AF can increase the risk of stroke and other serious cardiovascular complications, compromising patients' quality of life and survival. Detection of AF, both asymptomatic and symptomatic forms, is therefore essential for optimal management. The objective of the WATCH study is to assess the incidence of AF (symptomatic or asymptomatic) occurring throughout a 5-years follow-up after RT and to investigate whether cardiac radiation exposure is associated with the occurrence of such events.
Methods
WATCH is a cohort study that will include 200 patients over 65 years old, treated with radiotherapy for BC five years before inclusion, without history of AF. Cross-sectional screening for AF at the time of the scheduled five-year post-radiotherapy visit is conducted by recording data from a Withings ScanWatch smartwatch for one month, confirmed by an ECG, and validated by a physician. In addition, a transthoracic echocardiography is performed, providing comprehensive assessment of cardiac structures, and allowing to investigate underlying etiology and assess the risk of complications. Patient's medical record provides retrospective information on the timing and risk factors for the occurrence of AF and other arrhythmias and cardiac diseases during the 5 years following RT. The development of deep learning algorithms for auto-segmentation analysis of potentially critical sub-structures for the occurrence of AF, including cardiac chambers, sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, coronary arteries, pulmonary veins, will produce dosimetry linked to previous radiotherapy treatment for all contoured structures. The inclusions started in October 2023 and will continue until mid-2026 to include 200 patients. The results are expected by the end of 2026.
Discussion
This study will contribute to generating new knowledge on AF after radiotherapy for BC, and help considering AF screening into routine clinical practice in these patients. Identifying the dose-risk associations would improve RT delivery protocols to limit the occurrence of these arrhythmias and, if necessary, initiate appropriate treatment.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov:NCT06073509. Registration date: 10/09/2023
Present-day crustal uplift and dynamic process of the Tibetan Plateau from multiple geodetic observations
Authors: Pan Yuanjin , Li Zhenhong , Jiao Jiashuang , He Meilin , Li Jiangtao , Xiao Yixin , Peng Jianbing
Published: September 2024

Vertical land motion (VLM) on the Tibetan Plateau (TP) is influenced by various geophysical factors, including surface fluid mass variations and tectonic deformation. In this study, we investigate the present-day crustal uplift in the TP using geodetic observations, including Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and precise leveling. A hydrological load deformation model is formulated by integrating the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment and Follow-On (GRACE/GFO) satellite gravity with a surface hydrological fusion model. Tectonic-induced VLM is calculated after correcting for surface elastic deformation, geocentric motion (-0.1 to -0.2 mm yr-1) and glacial isostatic adjustment (0.3 to 0.4 mm yr− 1). The comprehensive VLM imaging and dynamic tomography reveal significant crustal uplift in the southern and northeastern TP, with uplift rates up to 2 mm yr-1, primarily attributed to plate compression. The northern and southeastern TP exhibit complex vertical tectonic movements, potentially influenced by block extrusion and mid-lower crustal flow.
Dual-Source CT in Predicting and Treating Uric Acid Stones: A Retrospective and Prospective Study
Authors: Li Wang , Xie Hong , Lin Yanduo , Chen Rong , Zheng Kun , Yang Luyi , Yang Ranxing
Published: September 2024

Purpose
To evaluate the clinical application of dual-source CT in analyzing and treating urinary tract stone components.
Methods
A retrospective study of 204 patients with upper urinary tract stones who underwent preoperative dual-source CT and postoperative infrared spectroscopic stone analysis. Preoperative CT parameters were compared to assess diagnostic efficacy. A prospective study selected 60 patients predicted to have uric acid stones by dual-source stone energy spectrum CT, divided into experimental and control groups. The control group received diet and exercise therapy, while the experimental group received additional sodium potassium hydroxy citrate to dissolve the stones.
Results
Retrospective study: 204 patients (159 males, 45 females, mean age 50.7 ± 14.3 years). Stone length diameter (13.4 ± 5.1) mm. Significant differences in CT values for different stone types, with uric acid stones having lower CT values. ROC curves indicated high accuracy for dual-source CT, particularly at 100 kV. Prospective study: 60 patients (32 males, 28 females, mean age 61.2 ± 11.8 years), 38 renal stones, 22 ureteral stones. Experimental group showed higher complete dissolution rate (80% vs. 20%), lower non-response rate (3.3% vs. 33.3%), and lower surgical treatment rate (3.3% vs. 30%) at three-month follow-up. Urine pH improved in the trial group, with no significant change in uric acid levels. Incidence of renal colic was slightly lower in the trial group. Dual-source CT accuracy for predicting uric acid stones was 96.7%.
Conclusion
Dual-source CT accurately predicts uric acid stones to guide treatment choices, improving patient outcomes and reducing surgery need.
The Efficacy of Low-Intensity Shock Wave Therapy based on the Stratification of Erectile Dysfunction Patients: A Long-term Follow-up
Authors: Elshorbagy Galal , Elsayed Ahmed Salah , Elghoneimy Mohamed , Abdelrassoul Mohamed Abdo , Elkousy Mohamed Magdy , Ragab Mohamed Wael , Gharably Mohamed Aboul Fotouh El
Published: September 2024

Background
Low intensity extracorporeal shockwave therapy (LIESWT) has a considerable positive influence on erectile function (EF) among individuals diagnosed with vasculogenic erectile dysfunction (ED). This research aimed to investigate the impact of LI-ESWT on several subcategories of ED and to determine the duration of the enhancement in erectile function by a comprehensive long-term follow-up.
Methods
This was a retrospectively collecting data from prospectively kept database. Individuals diagnosed with vasculogenic ED received 6–12 sessions of LI-ESWT with 5000 impulses at a dosage of 0.01 j/mm2. The therapy was administered employing the electromagnetic Dornier Aries® 1 machine. Each patient underwent at least 6 sessions of LI-ESWT. Subsequently, the participants had clinical assessment utilizing the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-EF) and the Erection Hardness Scores (EHS) domain score at three months after LI-ESWT, followed by assessments every 6 months. Additionally, the penile blood flow dynamics were assessed three months after LI-ESWT and during the final follow-up examination.
Results
A total of 42 individuals had been determined, with a mean age of 50 ± 12 years. The mean duration of ED was 31 ± 35 months, and the mean period of follow-up was 10 ± 6 months. The initial IIEF-EF score was 16 ± 6 and increased to 22 ± 6 after 3 months, and then decreased to 21 ± 6 at the final follow-up (p < 0.01). A minimal clinically significant variation was observed in 69% of participants at 3 months and in 60% of the entire study population at the final follow-up. The factors of risk that were shown to be related with a greater likelihood of MICD at 3 months had been age (p = 0.01), uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM) ratio (p = 0.04), hypertension (p = 0.24), cardiovascular disease (p = 0.8), smoking (p = 0.63), and ex smoking (p = 0.3).
Conclusions
Li-ESWT shows promising long-term effectiveness in treating various degrees of ED, as demonstrated by the enhancement in penile blood flow observed during the final follow-up. This effect is particularly notable in individuals with well-managed DM and older age.
Research and application of bearing characteristics of combined support roof cutting in gob-side entry retaining
Authors: Wu Xiaoyu , Wu Xiaowei , Zhang Nan
Published: September 2024

In fully-mechanized longwall mining, gob-side entry retaining is a no-coal-pillar mining technology, which can increase the recovery of coal pillar resources, reduce the amount and cost of roadway excavation. However, the surrounding rock of the retained roadway produces large deformation due to the turning and sinking movement of the roof, and the stress transfer from the overlying rock layer can be effectively reduced by cutting off the immediate roof and the main roof.This paper introduces the formation and control mechanism of cutting roof along the gob-side entry retaining, and mainly investigates the synergistic bearing characteristics of the roof-cutting support and gangue roadside support.The results of engineering practice show that: cutting off of thick roof along the gob-side entry retaining is feasible, fully meet the site production requirements. In the process of cutting roof, the gangue collapses and swells to form gangue roadside support. The gangue roadside support and the roof-cutting support beside the roadway carries the roof pressure, forming the cooperative bearing structure. In this way, the damage rate of the roof-cutting support is low, the deformation of the roadway is small, and the control effect is remarkable.
Translation element EIF4A1 is a potential divergent immune biomarker between colon cancer and rectal cancer
Authors: Zhu Zhenpeng , Wang Peng , Hou Chenyang , Xiao Jiajia , Guo Fei , Zhi xuejun , Xu Dandan , Liang Weizheng , Xue Jun
Published: September 2024

Colorectal cancer is among the most common malignant tumors globally, and the distinct treatment requirements for colon and rectal cancers underscore the necessity to identify specific molecules for each type. Although EIF4A1 plays a crucial role in translational initiation, its therapeutic potential remains unclear. This study utilized the TCGA database to reveal that EIF4A1 expression is upregulated in both cancer types and is associated with poorer survival outcomes. KEGG and GO analyses indicate that EIF4A1 is primarily associated with the extracellular trap network of neutrophils in colon cancer. Additionally, a strong positive correlation with neutrophil infiltration is observed in both cancers. Notably, EIF4A1 exhibits varying immune infiltration patterns, showing a strong correlation with CD8+ T cells in colon cancer and a negative correlation with CD4+ T cells in rectal cancer. In colon cancer, EIF4A1 shows a strong positive correlation with PD-1, PD-L1, CTLA4, and LAG-3, contrasted by a weaker correlation in rectal cancer. Elevated EIF4A1 expression is potentially linked to immune checkpoints that facilitate immune escape, thereby possibly accelerating cancer progression. This implies varying immunotherapy strategies for colon and rectal cancers.
Trends and changes in the relationship between quality and price in tenders for healthcare services in the Israeli health system, 2013-2023
Authors: Niv-Yagoda Adi , Goldshtein Hadar
Published: September 2024

Background and objectives
Public healthcare systems face constraints in financial and professional resources. The Mandatory Tenders Law 5752 − 1992 stipulates that before entering into a contract for the supply of a service or product, public authorities and government corporations must undergo a public tender process. We sought to identify and contextualize the trends observed in tenders for healthcare services over the past decade amid increasingly stringent resource constraints. What prevails over what: quality or price?
Methods
All tenders for services provided by health professionals published by the Ministry of Health and health maintenance organizations between 2013 and 2023 were collected. Each tender was assessed for the quality and price components. Trends in the quality and price percentage were evaluated.
Results
A total of 224 tenders were analyzed. A statistically significant weak negative correlation was found between the quality percentage and years (r=-0.185, p < 0.01), indicating that quality percentages tended to decrease over the years. The quality percentages statistically significantly decreased by 10.14 percentage points during the COVID-19 period (p < 0.05). The median quality percentage of tenders for health services directly impacting patients over extended periods was statistically significant higher compared with the median quality percentage of tenders for health services having indirect impacts on patients (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
Despite healthcare organizations prioritizing quality and seemingly assigning it a higher weight in tenders, price is often the decisive factor. Effective mechanisms to safeguard the quality and safety of healthcare services in addition to incorporating economic considerations into tender processes should be established.
An investigation of using Spark generative AI in solving physics concept inventories in English and Chinese: Performance and issues
Authors: Cho Natthawin
Published: September 2024

Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) has garnered considerable attention across various disciplines, including physics education. Numerous studies have explored the potential of using these tools in physics education by assessing their understanding of physics concepts. However, ChatGPT is the only model whose performance and integration into physics education have been extensively studied. Furthermore, previous research has primarily focused on English as the input language, leaving a gap in our understanding of other models and languages. This study aims to address this gap by examining the performance of Spark, another GenAI developed in China, in solving physics concept inventories. Four conditions were investigated: English input without explanation, English input with explanation, Chinese input without explanation, and Chinese input with explanation. The results showed that Spark's performance with English input was comparable to ChatGPT3.5 for the Force Concept Inventory but significantly lagged behind ChatGPT4. Notably, Chinese input with explanation significantly outperformed the other three conditions. This study also discussed concerns and issues related to Spark's physics conceptual understanding and language inequality. Finally, guidelines for incorporating GenAI into physics education were proposed.
Hypothermia vs Normothermia in neonatal Arterial Switch Operation – Clinical outcomes and Myocardial preservation
Authors: Pollak Uri , Mandel Asaf , Langer Yshia , Watad Salmas , Abuelhija Hiba , Salem Yshai , Zemmour Hai , Keizman Eitan , Mishaly David , Serraf Alain E.
Published: September 2024

Objectives:
This study aims to compare the immediate postoperative clinical and laboratory outcomes, specifically focusing on the extent of cardiomyocyte death, between hypothermic (28°C) and normothermic (34–36°C) cardiopulmonary bypass in neonates undergoing arterial switch operation.
Methods:
A retrospective analysis was conducted on neonates who underwent arterial switch operation at the Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital between July 2017 and December 2018. Patients were divided into two groups based on the cardiopulmonary bypass temperature strategy. Clinical, demographic, biochemical, and surgical data were collected, including cell-free DNA concentrations at multiple time points. Statistical analyses were performed to compare the outcomes between the two groups.
Results:
The study included 27 patients, with 12 in the hypothermia group and 15 in the normothermia group. Significant differences were found in cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic cross-clamp times, with longer durations in the nypothermia group (p < 0.001). Postoperative maximal lactate and Troponin-I levels were higher in the hypothermia group (p = 0.028 and p < 0.001, respectively). The normothermia group showed a higher incidence of acute kidney injury (p = 0.004). No significant differences were observed in total cell-free DNA levels between the groups, except for higher cardiac cell-free DNA at 24 hours in the hypothermia group (p = 0.002).
Conclusions:
Normothermia during cardiopulmonary bypass is associated with shorter operative times, lower metabolic stress, and reduced myocardial injury compared to hypothermia. Despite a higher incidence of acute kidney injury, normothermia demonstrates comparable safety and may offer benefits in myocardial preservation during neonatal arterial switch operation.
The Energy Focusing Axis and Imaging Algorithm in the Optimal Range FrFT Domain Based on Doppler Parameters
Authors: Zhenli Wang , Yu Xu , Jiayin Liu
Published: September 2024

In view of the error impact of Doppler parameters estimation on SAR imaging performance, this paper constructs the energy focusing axis based on the optimal rotation angle in the optimal range FrFT (fractional Fourier transform) domain. On this basis, the relationship among Doppler center frequency, Doppler FM (frequency modulation) rate and energy focusing axis, as well as the relationship between Doppler center frequency and Doppler FM rate are derived in detail. And the basic framework of the D-FrFT-RD algorithm was then constructed. The imaging test of Canadian spaceborne RADARSAT-1 measured data shows that when the error of Doppler center frequency estimation gradually increases from 0 to 5%, the energy focusing axis curve may deviate from the normalized value to some extent, but in reality, the impact on SAR imaging performance parameters is not significant. Compared with the traditional RD (range Doppler) algorithm, the energy focusing axis curve corresponding to the D-FrFT-RD algorithm in this paper is relatively stable, with high range resolution, and varying degrees of improvement in both range PSLR and range ISLR.
Performance Improvement for Additive Manufacturing of Spur Gear via the Define-measure-analyze-improve-control (Dmaic) Method
Authors: Hashim Riyadh Makki , MUHAMMAD NUR AMALINA , Shammari Ahmed Z. M. , Muhammad Noorhafiza
Published: September 2024

Industrial firms increasingly use advanced technologies to navigate market fluctuations, bolster demand, and enhance competitiveness. Six Sigma methodology presents a pathway for these firms to overcome challenges and pioneer new business strategies. This study utilizes the Define-Measure-Analyze-Improve-Control (DMAIC) method to minimize process variability in additive manufacturing (AM) for spur gears. The process commenced by defining customer requirements and collecting data on the gear 3D printing process. Subsequent steps involved analyzing data to identify root causes of defects, implementing solutions for improvement, and establishing process controls for sustainability. The standard deviation reduced significantly by 90.55%, with the process capability index (Cp) improving by 87.15% and the process performance capability index (Cpk) by 92.98%. The application of DMAIC proves invaluable in defect reduction and ongoing performance enhancement within the 3D printing gear sector.
Bodo Language Text Summarization Using Lstm Encoder-Decoder
Authors: Das Ajit , Baruah Abhijit , Roy Sudipta
Published: September 2024

This study specifically targets text summarization for the Bodo language, which is widely spoken in northeastern Indian states such as Assam and West Bengal, as well as in some areas of Nepal and Bhutan.The specific difficulties of Bodo text summarization is handled by using an LSTM Encoder-Decoder system. By conducting thorough testing and assessment, the efficacy of the technique in generating top-notch summaries that accurately capture the substance of the original Bodo text. Remarkably, this research is pioneering as it fills the gap of previous work in Bodo text summarization, marking the first systematic attempt in this domain and achieving an impressive accuracy rate of 81%. Furthermore, this research explores the complexities of the Bodo language and its cultural importance in the northeastern area of India. We investigate the Bodo language and cultural traditions, with a focus on their influence on the social and economic environment of Assam and surrounding regions. By illuminating the socio-cultural environment in which the Bodo language exists, we emphasize the significance of safeguarding it and guaranteeing convenient availability of information in communities with many languages.The proposed study aims to support the promotion of linguistic variety and the preservation of cultural heritage. The objective is to improve inclusiveness and accessibility to information for speakers of marginalized languages such as Bodo, thereby facilitating the flow of knowledge and ideas across different languages.
Definition and regulatory analysis of the SUMOylation system in Caixin (Brassica rapa var. parachinensis) during Pectobacterium carotovorum infection
Authors: Lei Shikang , Li Guangguang , Jiang Ding , Yuan Fanchong , Zheng Yansong , Cao Bihao , Zhang Hua
Published: September 2024

Background
The modification of protein substrates by small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) plays a vital role in plants subjected to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, its role in the stress responses of Brassica plants remains poorly understood.
Results
A genome-wide analysis revealed the presence of 30 SUMOylation genes in the Caixin genome. These results demonstrated that the Caixin genome contains all the necessary components for SUMOylation. Analysis of the cis-acting elements revealed that the promoters of SUMOylation genes presented diverse combinations of developmental and stress-related cis-regulatory elements. The RNA-seq data indicated that 23 SUMOylation genes presented relatively high expression levels under normal conditions and exhibited a notable decrease in expression following Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (Pcc) infection. Additionally, dynamic alterations in SUMO conjugates were observed in response to Pcc infection.
Conclusions
The Caixin genome contains genes involved in SUMOylation. The majority of these genes presented multiple copies, and analyses of their transcription and protein profiles indicate that they may play a role in the response to Pcc infection.
Alzheimer's disease and antibody-mediated immune responses to infectious diseases agents: A mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhang Jiayuan , Wang Mingming , Wang Dong , Deng Linwen , Peng Yao
Published: September 2024

Background
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, with antibody-mediated immune responses to infectious diseases agents potentially playing a decisive role in its pathophysiological process. However, the causal relationship between antibodies and AD remains unclear.
Methods
A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted to investigate the causal link between antibody-mediated immune responses to infectious diseases agents and the risk of AD. Genetic variations associated with these antibodies and data on AD were both obtained from the UK Biobank, utilizing its extensive repository of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for a comprehensive analysis. The MR analysis employed the inverse variance-weighted, MR-Egger, and weighted median methods. Sensitivity analysis was also performed using MR-Egger regression, MR-pleiotropy residual sum, and outlier tests.
Results
Seven causal associations were identified between antibody-mediated immune responses to infectious diseases agents and AD. Anti-polyomavirus 2 IgG, Polyomavirus 2 JC VP1 antibody, anti-Merkel cell polyomavirus IgG, and anti-varicella zoster virus IgG and varicella zoster virus glycoproteins E and I antibody suggest a protective association with AD. Conversely, higher levels of Toxoplasma gondii p22 and Epstein-Barr virus EBNA-1 antibody appear to be associated with an increased risk of AD.
Conclusion
Our MR analysis has revealed a causal relationship between antibody-mediated immune responses to specific infectious disease agents and AD. These findings provide valuable insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying AD.
The Causal Effects of Enclosures on Production and Productivity
Authors: Lazuka Volha , Bengtsson Tommy , Svensson Patrick
Published: September 2024

The enclosure reforms in eighteenth and nineteenth-century Western Europe consolidated dispersed landholdings and privatized common land in order to expand food production. However, evaluations of the effects of enclosure reforms vary, and so far, there has been little causal evidence confirming their positive economic impact. We estimate the causal effects of enclosures by applying frontier difference-indifferences and event-study methodologies to a large panel of Swedish farms from 1781 to 1865, located in an agriculturally specialized region. Our findings show that enclosures boosted land productivity by 3.4% annually in the first decade and increased overall production by 82% after 30 years. Among the mechanisms, enclosures led to increased animal production and land reclamation in the short term, while in the longer term, the enforcement of property rights became important. Our results significantly surpass prior non-causal estimates of enclosure effects, suggesting the critical role of land enclosures in production and productivity growth during early industrialization. JEL codes: Q15, Q24, N53