bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Garantismo jurídico: o esforço de Ferrajoli para o aperfeiçoamento do positivismo jurídico
Authors: Zanon Junior Orlando Luiz
Published: November 2015

O presente texto visa analisar as características da proposta neopositivista intitu­lada Garantismo Jurídico (ou Teoria Axiomática do Direito), desenvolvida por Luigi Ferrajoli, com relação às quatro plata­formas básicas da Ciência Jurí­dica, consistentes nas teorias das Fontes, da Norma, do Orde­namento e da Decisão.
Elemento subjetivo dos atos de improbidade administrativa: a (in) aplicabilidade da culpa e do dolo
Authors: Laureano Leonardo Marcio
Published: November 2015

Os princípios regentes da Administração Pública na Constituição da República Fede­rativa do Brasil têm, dentre as medidas protetivas à sua concretização, o comando constitucional de punição dos atos de improbidade admi­nistrativa, na forma da Lei nº 8.429/1992. Todavia, determi­nados elementos atinentes à disciplina têm ensejado certa controvérsia na doutrina e na jurisprudência, como o elemento subjetivo necessário à sua configuração, se culposo e/ou doloso. Nesse sentido, a fim de definir tal premissa, o presente estudo parte da compreensão do conceito de improbidade administrativa sob as concepções enraizadas na Constituição, de modo a extrair quais as espécies de práticas atentatórias à Administração Pública que teve o legislador constituinte e, por consequ­ência, também o infraconsti­tucional, o objetivo de punir, notadamente a partir da noção distintiva entre os conceitos de legalidade, moralidade e probi­dade. Na sequência, perpassam­-se as modalidades de atos de improbidade administrativa, tal como previstos nos arts. 9º, 10 e 11 da Lei nº 8.429/1992, permi­tindo-se, assim, compreender a extensão concretizada da temá­tica. E, por fim, inclinando-se ao ponto nodal da discussão, à luz das premissas anterior­mente delineadas, promove-se o exame dos elementos subje­tivos admissíveis à configuração da improbidade administrativa.
Selected Properties And Tribological Wear Alloys Co-Cr-Mo And Co-Cr-Mo-W Used In Dental Prosthetics
Authors: Augustyn-Pieniążek J. , Kurtyka P. , Sulima I. , Stopka J.
Published: November 2015

The presented work provides the results of the abrasive wear resistance tests performed on Co-Cr-Mo and Co-Cr-Mo-W alloys with the use of the Miller’s apparatus. The analyzed alloys underwent microstructure observations as well as hardness measurements, and the abraded surfaces of the examined materials were observed by means of electron scanning microscopy. The performed examinations made it possible to state that the Co-Cr alloys characterized in a high hardness, whereas the changes in the mass decrement were minimal, which proved a high abrasive wear resistance.
Evaluation Of State Of Rolling Bearings Mounted In Vehicles With Use Of Vibration Signals
Authors: Peruń G. , Stanik Z.
Published: November 2015

The article is a continuation of the research carried out in order to determine the possibility of diagnosing bearings of cars’ wheels. The previous paper showed the results of metallographic research and the research carried out using vibroacoustic methods, with the use of vibration signals and frequency analysis. In this paper the results of further research will be presented, which used the acceleration signals again. To determine the state of the bearings this time simple amplitude measures were used.
Aging Behaviour Of AA6061/SiCP Composites Produced By Direct Extrusion With A Reversibly Rotating Die Method
Authors: Wozniak J. , Kostecki M. , Broniszewski K. , Bochniak W. , Olszyna A.
Published: November 2015

This paper discusses the influence of thermal treatment parameters on mechanical properties of AA6061+x% vol. SiCp (x = 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10) composites. The composites were consolidated via powder metallurgy processing using the unconventional method of extrusion (the KoBo method). In order to establish the optimum parameters of the heat treatment two different temperatures of supersaturation (530 and 558ºC) were applied. The aging curves were determined at various aging temperatures such as 140, 160, 180 and 200ºC. The effects of applied parameters were studied using the microstructure observations and hardness measurements. Obtained results show that the solution treatment at 530ºC is sufficient to complete dissolution of the precipitates. Higher temperature of the process resulted in accelerating the aged-hardening. The suitable age treating parameters for the AA6061-5 vol. % SiCp composites were 160 - 180ºC for 12 - 16 hours.
Microstructure And Texture Evolution During Cold-Rolling In The Fe-23Mn-3Si-3Al Alloy
Authors: Kowalska J. , Ratuszek W. , Witkowska M. , Zielińska-Lipiec A. , Kowalski M.
Published: November 2015

Fe–23wt.%Mn–3wt.%Si–3wt.%Al alloy was cast, homogenized at 1150ºC, hot-rolled at temperatures between 1200ºC and 900ºC and next cold-rolled from 5% up to 40% reductions in thickness. Microstructure and texture of this alloy, which has a low stacking fault energy, were defined after cold-rolling. Investigation of transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction showed that mechanical twinning and martensitic transformations (γfcc→εhcp and γfcc→εhcp→α′bcc) took place during cold-rolling. The crystallographic Shoji-Nishiyama (S-N) {00.2}ε║{111}γ, <11.0>ε ║ <110>γ and Kurdjumov-Sachs (K-S) {111}γ║{101}α’, <101>γ║<111>α’ relations between martensite (ε, α’) and austenite (γ), were found in the coldrolled material.
The Microstructure And Mechanical Properties Of The AlSi17Cu5 Alloy After Heat Treatment
Authors: Piątkowski J. , Matuła T.
Published: November 2015

In the paper results of the microstructure and mechanical properties (HB, Rm and R0,2) of AlSi17Cu5 alloy, subjected by solution heat treatment (500ºC/6h/woda) and aging (200ºC/16h/piec) are presented. In next step the alloy was modified and heated significantly above the Tliq temperature (separately and together). It was found that the increase in the strength properties of the tested alloy after heat treatment compared to alloys without solution heat treatment and aging was due to precipitation hardening. The applied aging treatment of ingots (preceded by solution heat treatment), causes not only increase in concentration in α(Al) solid solution, but also a favorable change of the primary Si crystals morphology. During stereological measurements significant size reduction and change in the morphology of hypereutectic silicon crystals ware found. This effects can be further enhanced by overheating the alloy to a temperature of 920ºC and rapid cooling before casting of the alloy.
Magnetomechanical Properties Of Composite Materials With Giant Magnetostriction
Authors: Tomiczek A.E. , Mech R. , Dobrzański L. A. , Tański T.
Published: November 2015

The aim of this work was to observe the changes in the magnetomechanical properties of composite materials with different Tb0.3Dy0.7Fe1.9(Terfenol-D) powder particle-size distributions and varying volume fractions in the polyurethane matrix. The results show a direct relationship between the properties and the particle size of the Tb0.3Dy0.7Fe1.9powder: the increases in the particle-size distribution of the Tb0.3Dy0.7Fe1.9powder in the matrix amplify the magnetostrictive responses and the compressive modulus values. Moreover, it was found that the key role in efficiency of the transformation of magnetic energy into mechanical plays the initial compressing pre-stress.
Effect Of Heat Treatment On The Corrosion Resistance Of Aluminized Steel Strips
Authors: Żaba K. , Nowosielski M. , Kita P. , Kwiatkowski M. , Tokarski T. , Puchlerska S.
Published: November 2015

The paper presents the results of corrosion resistance of heat treated aluminized steel strips. Products coated by Al-10Si alloy are used among others in a manufacturing process of welded pipes as the elements of the car exhaust systems, working in high temperatures and different environments (eg. wet, salty). The strips and tubes high performance requirements are applied to stability, thickness and roughness of Al-Si coating, adhesion and corrosion resistance. Tubes working in elements of exhaust systems in a wide range of temperatures are exposed to the effects of many aggressive factors, such as salty snow mud. It was therefore decided to carry out research on the impact of corrosion on the environmental influence on heat treated aluminized steel strips. The heat treatment was carried out temperatures in the range 250-700°C for 30, 180, 1440 minutes. Then the coatings was subjected to cyclic impact of snow mud. Total duration of treatment was 12 months and it was divided into three stages of four months and at the end of each stage was made the assessment of factor of corrosion. The results are presented in the form of macroscopic, microscopic (using a scanning electron microscope) observations and the degree and type of rusty coating.
The Influence Of Load History On Durability Of P92 Steel Used For The Construction Of Energy Pipelines
Authors: Cieśla M. , Junak G.
Published: November 2015

The research material used in the study was the martensitic creep-resistant steel P92 used for the manufacture of pipes being part of power generation units subject to heavy load. The research problem focused on two issues. The first one was to analyze how the plastic deformation cumulated in the material in low-cycle fatigue conditions affects the characteristics of the material in creep conditions in a temperature of 600ºC. The other one was concerned with analysis of a reverse situation, i.e. how the initial plastic deformation of the material in creep conditions changes the mechanical characteristics of the steel under low-cycle fatigue conditions in a temperature of 600ºC.
Impact Of Strain In Drawing Process And Surface Modification On Resistance To Electrochemical Corrosion Of Wires Used In Dentistry
Authors: Przondziono J. , Hadasik E. , Walke W. , Szala J.
Published: November 2015

The study presents the results of research into the impact of strain in cold drawing and surface modification treatment on corrosion properties of wires made of X10CrNi 18-8 steel used in maxillofacial surgery. Scanning microscopy enabled to make images of the surface of wires after drawing process as well as after surface modification treatment. Resistance to electrochemical corrosion was evaluated on the ground of registered anodic polarisation curves in artificial saliva. In order to evaluate physical and chemical properties of the surface, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was performed.

Test results show deterioration of corrosion properties of wires along with strain taking place in drawing process. It was proved that electrochemical polishing and chemical passivation caused sudden increase of resistance of wires made of stainless steel to pitting corrosion in artificial saliva.
Model Of Relaxation Of Residual Stresses In Hot-Rolled Strips
Authors: Milenin A. , Kuziak R. , Pidvysots'kyy V. , Kustra P. , Witek Sz. , Pietrzyk M.
Published: November 2015

Residual stresses in hot-rolled strips are of practical importance when the laser cutting of these strip is applied. The factors influencing the residual stresses include the non uniform distribution of elastic-plastic deformations, phase transformation occurring during cooling and stress relaxation during rolling and cooling. The latter factor, despite its significant effect on the residual stress, is scarcely considered in the scientific literature. The goal of the present study was development of a model of residual stresses in hot-rolled strips based on the elastic-plastic material model, taking into account the stress relaxation.

Residual stresses in hot-rolled strips were evaluated using the FEM model for cooling in the laminar cooling line and in the coil. Relaxation of thermal stresses was considered based on the creep theory. Coefficients of elastic-plastic material model and of the creep model for steels S235 and S355 were obtained from the experiments performed on the Gleeble 3800 simulator for the temperatures 35-1100°C. Experiments composed small tensile deformations of the sample (0.01-0.02) and subsequent shutter speed without removing the load. Model of the thermal deformation during cooling was obtained on the basis of the dilatometric tests at cooling rates of 0.057°C/s to 60°C/s.

Physical simulations of the cooling process were performed to validate the model. Samples were fixed in the simulator Gleeble 3800, then heated to the temperature of 1200°C and cooled to the room temperature at a rate of 1-50°C/s. Changes of stresses were recorded. Good agreement between calculated and experimental values of stresses was observed. However, due to neglecting the effect of stress relaxation the stress at high temperatures was overestimated. Due to the change of their stress sign during the unloading process the resulting residual stresses were underestimated.

Simulation of residual stresses in rolling and cooling were performed on the basis of the developed model. It was shown that the effect of stress relaxation and phase transformations on the distribution of residual stresses in strips is essential and neglecting these factors could lead to an underestimation of residual stresses.
The Strength Analysis Of Cu/α−Al2O3 Interfaces As A Key For Rational Composite Design
Authors: Nalepka K. , Sztwiertnia K. , Nalepka P. , Pęcherski R.B.
Published: November 2015

Electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD) studies carried out for the Cu/α−Al2O3 composites manufactured by pulsed laser deposition method and by the powder metallurgy enable to uncover a set of orientation relationships characteristic for materials of this type. The identified interfaces are categorized according to the bonding strength. Additionally, their microstructure is reproduced by molecular dynamic (MD) simulations. The obtained classification of the phase boundaries constitutes key information for effective composite design.
Modification Of The Structure And Properties Of The Titanium Alloy Ti6Al4V In Biomedical Applications
Authors: Klimas J. , Łukaszewicz A. , Szota M. , Nabiałek M.
Published: November 2015

From the time when Per-Ingvar Brånemark discovered oseointegration properties of titanium in 1952 a large-scale studies on the issue of usability this metal in surgery were started. Thanks to the parallel research conducted on independent centers managed to get a number of metal alloys which were implanted into the human body in the form of implants. Among the alloys produced appeared alloy of aluminum and vanadium Ti6Al4V. The mechanical properties, high biocompatibility, low density and for this relatively low-cost, caused that the alloy began to be used as a material for biomedical applications. In the present article analyzed the possibility of modifying the properties of the alloy, by choosing another method of producing – method of injection casting with suction. A comparative analysis of the input material - the alloy commercially produced in the form of a rod of the same material melted by injection under vacuum and in air were carried out. The studies results indicate that using method of injection casting with suction to produce the final item influence on significant improvement in mechanical properties as a result of fragmentation of the grains at the element surface. The mechanical properties play a key role in a tissue-implant-bone system.
Structural Defects In The FeCoYB Amorphous Alloys
Authors: Błoch K. , Nabiałek M. , Gondro J. , Szota M.
Published: November 2015

The aim of this work was to determine the nature of the structural defects that have a major influence on the magnetisation process within the investigated alloys. The structure of the alloys in the as-quenched state was investigated by means of X-ray diffractometry. It was confirmed that the samples were amorphous. The magnetisation was measured within magnetic fields ranging from 0 to 2T using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The investigation of the ‘magnetisation in the area close to ferromagnetic saturation’ showed that, for this class of alloys, the magnetisation process in strong magnetic fields is connected with the following two influences: 1) Firstly, the rotation of the magnetic moments in the vicinity of the defects, which are the sources of the short-range stresses, and, 2) The dumping of the thermally-induced spin waves by the magnetic field. In the case of the Fe63Co10Y7B20 alloy, the magnetisation process is connected with both point and linear defects, whereas for the Fe64Co10Y6B20 alloy, only with linear defects. This suggests that the size of the defects, determining the character of the magnetisation in the vicinity of ferromagnetic saturation, depends on the atomic packing density. On the basis of analysis of the magnetisation curves, the spin wave stiffness parameter (Dsp) was calculated.
Effects Of The Combined Heat And Cryogenic Treatment On The Stability Of Austenite In A High Co-Ni Steel
Authors: Gruber M. , Ploberger S. , Ressel G. , Wiessner M. , Hausbauer M. , Marsoner S. , Ebner R.
Published: November 2015

The stability of austenite is one of the most dominant factors affecting the toughness properties of high Co-Ni steels such as Aermet 100 and AF1410. Thus, the aim of this work was to get a deeper understanding on the impact of combined heat and cryogenic treatment on the stability of retained and reverted austenite. In order to characterize the evolution of the phase fraction of austenite during tempering at different temperatures and times, X-ray diffraction analyses were carried out. The stability of austenite, which was formed during tempering, was analyzed with dilatometric investigations by studying the transformation behavior of the austenite during cooling from tempering temperature down to −100°C. Additionally, transmission electron microscopy investigations were performed to characterize the chemical composition and phase distribution of austenite and martensite before and after tempering.
Making Artificial Heart Components – Selected Aspects Of Casting Technology
Authors: Sobczak J.J. , Karwiński A. , Leśniewski W. , Wieliczko P. , Gil A. , Pysz S. , Kowalski P. , Sobczak N.
Published: November 2015

This study shown possibilities of Rapid Prototyping techniques (RP) and metal casting simulation software (MCSS), including non inertial reference systems. RP and MCSS have been used in order to design and produce essential elements for artificial heart. Additionally it has been shown possibilities of Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technique and DodJet technology using prototyped elements of rotodynamic pump. MAGMASOFT® software allowed to verify the cast kit heart valves model. Optical scanner Atos III enabled size verification of experimental elements supplied by rapid prototyping together with metal casting elements. Due to the selection of ceramic materials and assessment of molten metal – ceramic reactivity at high temperatures together with pattern materials selection model it was possible to design, manufacture a ceramic mould for titanium based alloys. The casting structure modification has been carried out by means of high isostatic pressure technique (HIP). The quality assessment of the casting materials has been performed using X-ray fluorescence (XRF), ARL 4460 Optical Emission Spectrometer, metallographic techniques and X-ray computed tomography.
Surface Modification Of The High Temperature Porous Sliding Bearings With Solid Lubricant Nanoparticles
Authors: Wiśniewska-Weinert H.
Published: November 2015

A surface modification of stainless steel bearing sleeves is developed to improve the tribology characteristics at high temperature. Solid lubricant nano- and microparticles are applied for this purpose. To create the quasi-hydrodynamic lubrication regimes, the solid lubricant powder layer is made by developed pressure impregnation technique. Porous sliding bearing sleeve prototypes were made by powder metallurgy technique. The purpose of the paper is to define the friction and wear characteristics of the sleeves and to determine the influence of sealing of the sliding interface on these characteristics. It is found that application of WS2 sold lubricant nano- and micro-particles and preservation of a particle leakage out of interface allows to achieve at the high temperature the friction coefficients comparable to those at ambient temperature.
Influence Of Laser Beam Intensity On Geometry Parameters Of A Single Surface Texture Element
Authors: Antoszewski B. , Sęk P.
Published: November 2015

Laser surface texturing is used more and more often in modern machines for the implementation of variety of purposes such as for example intensification of lubrication, intensification of heat exchange, stimulation of microfluidics, increasing the chemical activity of the surface. Owing to the development of technologies using a concentrated energy flux, including laser microprocessing, it has become feasible. The present paper concentrates on the selection of parameters of laser microprocessing with picosecond pulses so as to obtain the highest efficiency and accuracy of the execution of a single texture element.
Description Of Alloy Layer Formation On A Cast Steel Substrate
Authors: Szajnar J. , Dulska A. , Wróbel T. , Baron C.
Published: November 2015

A description of alloy layer formation on a steel substrate is presented. Two types of formation are considered: diffusion of carbon and chromium into the solid from the pad in the direction of the cast steel within the FeCrC (grains) and diffusion in a layer of liquid chromium cast iron formed in a preceding step. The influence of silicon in the pad on the pad’s transformation into the liquid is also examined. Solidus and liquidus temperatures of high carbon ferrochromium are determined. The larger the content of Si is used in the experiment, the lower the solidus temperature of the FeCrC alloy is observed. This results from the higher intensity of the elements’ diffusion and faster formation of the liquid.
Cellular Automaton Simulation For Volume Changes Of Solidifying Nodular Cast Iron
Authors: Burbelko A. , Gurgul D. , Guzik E. , Kapturkiewicz W.
Published: November 2015

Volume changes of the binary Fe-C alloy with nodular graphite were forecast by means of the Cellular Automaton Finite Differences (CA-FD) model of solidification. Simulations were performed in 2D space for differing carbon content. Dependences of phase density on temperature were considered in the computations; additionally density of the liquid phase and austenite were deemed as a function of carbon concentration. Changes of the specific volume were forecast on the base of the phase volume fractions and changes of phase density. Density of modeled material was calculated as weighted average of densities of each phase.
Back-Diffusion In Crystal Growth. Eutectics
Authors: Wołczyński W.
Published: November 2015

Solute segregation/redistribution model for some eutectic alloys is presented. The differential equation for the solute micro-segregation during solidification accompanied by the back-diffusion is formulated. The solution to this equation results in the definitions of: solidification path, solid/liquid (s/l) interface path and redistribution path. An equation for the estimation of the amount of equilibrium and non-equilibrium precipitates is also delivered. It is proved that the current model is universal one. Thus, the model reduces perfectly, mathematically to both description of diffusion-less solidification and model of equilibrium solidification.
Prediction of Blended Yarn Evenness and Tensile Properties by Using Artificial Neural Network and Multiple Linear Regression
Authors: Malik Samander Ali , Farooq Assad , Gereke Thomas , Cherif Chokri
Published: November 2015

The present research work was carried out to develop the prediction models for blended ring spun yarn evenness and tensile parameters using artificial neural networks (ANNs) and multiple linear regression (MLR). Polyester/cotton blend ratio, twist multiplier, back roller hardness and break draft ratio were used as input parameters to predict yarn evenness in terms of CVm% and yarn tensile properties in terms of tenacity and elongation. Feed forward neural networks with Bayesian regularisation support were successfully trained and tested using the available experimental data. The coefficients of determination of ANN and regression models indicate that there is a strong correlation between the measured and predicted yarn characteristics with an acceptable mean absolute error values. The comparative analysis of two modelling techniques shows that the ANNs perform better than the MLR models. The relative importance of input variables was determined using rank analysis through input saliency test on optimised ANN models and standardised coefficients of regression models. These models are suitable for yarn manufacturers and can be used within the investigated knowledge domain.
Flexural Properties of Syntactic foam Reinforced by Warp Knitted Spacer Fabric
Authors: Zhi Chao , Long Hairu
Published: November 2015

The aim of this study was to investigate the flexural behaviours of syntactic foam reinforced by warp knitted spacer fabric (SF-WKSF). Seven kinds of SF-WKSF samples were fabricated by warp knitted spacer fabric (WKSF) with structural parameters including surface layer structures, inclination-angle and fineness of spacer yarns, different microballoons types and contents. The flexural tests were carried out and the bending properties of SF-WKSF were analysed based on the strength and modulus values obtained from the test results. It is indicated that the SF-WKSF shows higher flexural strength and modulus compared to neat syntactic foam with almost no impact on the density of composites. The results also demonstrate that the surface layer structure, inclination-angle of spacer yarns, microballons content and type have significant effects on the flexural responses of SF-WKSF. The composites exhibit better antibending capacities by selecting larger inclination-angle, closer surface layer structure, higher density and relatively higher content of S60HS microballoons.
In Vitro Degradation Behaviours of PDO Monofilament and Its Intravascular Stents with Braided Structure
Authors: Wang Cong-er , Zhang Pei-hua
Published: November 2015

Biodegradable intravascular stent has attracted more and more focus in recent years as an effective solution for angiostenosis. Ideal stents were expected to exhibit sufficient radial force to support the vascular wall, while suitable flexibility for the angioplasty. After vascular remodeling, stents should be degraded into small molecular and be eliminated from human body, causing no potential risk. In this paper, poly-p-dioxanone (PDO) monofilament was braided into net structure with four different braiding density, two of which exhibited sufficient radial force larger than 30 kPa, and three of which showed the bending rigidity within 11.7–88.1 N•mm2. The degradation behaviors of monofilaments and stents have been observed for 16 weeks. The findings obtained indicate that degradation first occurred in morphology region, which induced temporary increase of crystallinity, monofilament bending rigidity and stent mechanical properties. During this period, monofilament tends to be hard and brittle and lost its tensile properties. Then the crystalline region was degraded and stent mechanical properties decreased. All the results reveal that the PDO intravascular stents with braided structure were able to afford at least 10 weeks of sufficient support to the vascular wall.
The Comfort Properties of Two Differential-Shrinkage Polyester Warp Knitted Fabrics
Authors: Chen Qing , Miao Xuhong , Mao Haiwen , Ma Pibo , Jiang Gaoming
Published: November 2015

Single-layered warp knitted fabrics were produced by the 60D/36F (containing 36 filaments) polyester yarn with differential shrinkage (DS) property in this study. Due to the differential shrinkage property, the fabric becomes curly and bulkier, simulating cotton fabric in terms of its appearance and fabric handle. The performance and appearance of these DS polyester warp knitted fabrics were evaluated objectively and subjectively. The testing results demonstrated that the DS polyester warp knitted fabric had better abrasion property, worse pilling resistance due to the mechanical property of polyester yarn when compared with 100% cotton warp knitted fabric. Meanwhile, lower water vapour permeability and air resistance were found for DS polyester warp knitted fabric resulting from the dense structure of yarn shrinkage after heat-moisture treatment. Besides, the fabric handle was evaluated by Kawabata evaluation system and subject to trial under dry and wet fabric condition. DS polyester warp knitted fabrics provide better recovery under low stress mechanical pressure. The subjective evaluation result shows that the warp knitted fabrics made of DS polyester had similar handle against cotton warp knitted fabric in terms of prickle, smooth, comfort and dry feeling in both dry and wet testing conditions.
Enhanced Central System of the Traversing Rod for High-Performance Rotor Spinning Machines
Authors: Valtera Jan , Žabka Petr , Beran Jaroslav
Published: November 2015

The paper deals with the improvement of central traversing system on rotor spinning machines, where rectilinear motion with variable stroke is used. A new system of traversing rod with implemented set of magnetic-mechanical energy accumulators is described. Mathematical model of this system is analysed in the MSC. Software Adams/View and verified by an experimental measurement on a real-length testing rig. Analysis results prove the enhancement of devised traversing system, where the overall dynamic force is reduced considerably. At the same time, the precision of the traversing movement over the machine length is increased. This enables to increase machine operating speed while satisfying both the maximal tensile strength of the traversing rod and also output bobbin size standards. The usage of the developed mathematical model for determination of the optimal number and distribution of accumulators over the traversing rod of optional parameters is proved. The potential of the devised system for high-performance rotor spinning machines with longer traversing rod is also discussed.
Modified Polymer Materials for Use in Selected Personal Protective Equipment Products
Authors: Irzmańska Emilia , Brochocka Agnieszka
Published: November 2015

The paper discusses the methods of modification of melt-blown polymer materials by the addition of a bactericidal agent or superabsorbent directly to the fibre-forming area during the melt-blown production process. It also presents tests of textile composites designed for use in selected types of personal protective equipment worn in the workplace. One example of the application of textile composites is the protective footwear insole. The insole composites contain specially developed variants of melt-blown nonwovens made from PP, PC, and PA fibres. Microbiological, hygienic, and mechanical tests have shown that the optimum insoles for all-rubber protective footwear are those made of bioactive composites containing a PC melt-blown nonwoven. Another example of composite application is the air-purifying half mask. Filter composites contain polymer nonwovens with the addition of different quantities of a superabsorbent. They have been tested for particle penetration, airflow resistance, and moisture sorption.
Interactive near-real-time high-resolution imaging for MR-guided lumbar interventions using ZOOM imaging in an open 1.0 Tesla MRI system – initial experience
Authors: Makowski Marcus R. , Jonczyk Martin , Streitparth Florian , Guettler Felix , Rathke Hendrik , Suttmeyer Britta , Albrecht Liane , Teichgräber Ulf K. , Hamm Bernd , de Bucourt Maximilian
Published: November 2015

Different techniques for magnetic resonance-guided lumbar interventions have been introduced in recent years. Appropriate pulse sequence design is crucial since high spatial resolution often comes at the cost of lower temporal resolution. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the value of accelerated reduced field of view (ZOOM)-based imaging sequences for lumbar interventions.

ZOOM imaging was used in 31 interventions (periradicular, facet joint, epidural infiltrations, and discography) performed in 24 patients (10 women, 14 men; age 43±13.3 years). Signal-to-noise ratio and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were determined and retrospectively compared with standard preinterventional (T2 weighted), peri-interventional (proton density), and postinterventional (spectral presaturation with inversion recovery [SPIR]) imaging. Needle artifacts were assessed by direct measurement as well as with parallel and perpendicular needle profiles. Puncture times were compared to similar interventions previously performed in our department.

No significant differences in signal intensities (standard/ZOOM: 152.0/151.6; p=0.136) and CNR values (2.0/4.0; p=0.487) were identified for T2-weighted sequences. The needle artifact signal intensity was comparable (648.1/747.5; p=0.172) for peri-interventional imaging. Standard interventional (fat needle: 43.8/23.4; p<0.001; muscle needle: 6.2/2.4; p<0.001) and SPIR sequences (43.3/13.9; p=0.010) showed a higher CNR than corresponding ZOOM sequences did. Needle artifacts were larger in ZOOM (2.4 mm/2.9 mm; p=0.005). The profiles revealed that ZOOM imaging delivers more overall signal intensity. The turning points of both profiles were comparable. ZOOM reduced intervention times significantly (329.1 s/228.5 s; p=0.026).

ZOOM imaging is a feasible interactive sequence for lumbar interventions. It ameliorates the tradeoff between image quality and temporal resolution. Moreover, the sequence design reduces intervention times significantly.
Comparison of the Analytical Approximation Formula and Newton's Method for Solving a Class of Nonlinear Black–Scholes Parabolic Equations
Authors: Ďuriš Karol , Tan Shih-Hau , Lai Choi-Hong , Ševčovič Daniel
Published: November 2015

Market illiquidity,
feedback effects, presence of transaction costs, risk from unprotected portfolio and other nonlinear effects in PDE-based option pricing models can be described by solutions to the generalized Black–Scholes parabolic equation with a diffusion term nonlinearly depending on the option price itself.
In this paper, different linearization techniques such as Newton's method and the analytic asymptotic approximation formula are adopted and compared for a wide class of nonlinear Black–Scholes equations including, in particular, the market illiquidity model and the risk-adjusted pricing model. Accuracy and time complexity of both numerical methods are compared.
Furthermore, market quotes data was used to calibrate model parameters.
Mathematical Modeling of Heavy Metals Removal from Bio-film Coated Cylindrical Cement Base Waste Forms
Authors: Loney Norman W. , Tabatabaie Mojdeh
Published: November 2015

A mathematical description is presented for the leaching behavior of cobalt and chromium from their solidified/stabilized forms under the attack from biofilms commonly developed by acid forming bacteria such as Thiobacillus thiooxidans or Thiobacillus ferooxidans. The proposed model predicts the metals diffusion and subsequent removal from cylindrical cement waste forms using a Michaelis-Menten-type kinetics, as a special case of the widely accepted Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism at the surface of the encapsulating cylinder. The resulting nonlinear model is solved by applying boundary perturbation to reduce the nonlinear problem to an infinite series of linear problems that are solvable by Laplace transform methods. Model predictions compares well with published experimental data and confirms that a Michaelis-Menten-type kinetics is most probably the dominant mechanism for the leaching of heavy metals from cement based waste forms.
A Low Conversion Loss Eighth Harmonic Mixer with Wide Band-Stop Filters for Low Cost 94 GHz Receiver Front-Ends
Authors: Yao Changfei , Chen Zhenhua , Zhou Ming , Luo Yunsheng
Published: November 2015

A 75–110 GHz low conversion loss (CL) eighth harmonic mixer is realized for low cost 94 GHz receiver front-ends. The mixing diodes are realized by GaAs foundry of Nanjing Electronic Devices Institute (NEDI) and its 3-D model is analyzed for impedance calculation of RF, LO, IF port. Wide band-stop filters and phase shift networks for RF and idle frequency signals recycling are designed with optimum load impedance for low CL. The measured CL of the mixers is lower than 28 dB, 18 dB, 16.5 dB in 75–110 GHz, 87–104 GHz and 90–100 GHz, respectively. The lowest tested CL is 14.7 dB at 94 GHz. The mixers are successfully applied in miniature and low cost 94 GHz receiver systems.
Loanword adaptation: Phonological and cognitive issues
Authors: Hutin Mathilde
Published: November 2015

In this paper, I focus on loanwords, and more specifically on the process known as loanword adaptation, namely the process by which a word’s original phonetics is altered to phonologically fit the borrowing language. More precisely, I seek to determine whether release bursts after the word-final coda in an English input might be responsible for final vowel epenthesis in the corresponding Korean output. To test this hypothesis, I compiled an original database listing English words that entered Korean until very recently. The analysis of that database actually supports the hypothesis. In a final conclusion, I discuss what this demonstration tells us about loanword adaptation and the process of borrowing from a psycholinguistic point of view. In particular, I emphasize the importance of both perception and native phonology in the process of loanword adaptation and conclude that Korean speakers seem indeed to be subject to the ‘perceptual magnet effect’, seeking (phonological) prototypes from various acoustic cues, and that so-called fine-grained phonetic detail has to be explored for a better understanding of phonological processes from a cognitive point of view.
Information Searching: The Case of Tourism Promoted Through the Internet
Authors: Hoonsawat Ratidanai
Published: November 2015

This paper theoretically modifies the Anderson and Wincoop ( 2003 ) model on international trade to explain international tourism flows. In addition, this modified model can measure the effect of the Internet penetration at origin and destination countries through misinformation. The theoretical model implies that potential tourists use the Internet to gather information on their destination country through its websites. Through gravity model estimation, results show the significance of the Internet in the origin country as well as destination country.
The Relation Between Military And Civilian Actors In Military Operations
Authors: Kovanda Petr
Published: November 2015

Looking at the current ongoing conflicts in the world, we can likely state that future armed conflicts will cover not only the solution of combat actions, but increasingly these conflicts must be addressed in cooperation with civilian actors. Although five years have passed since the introduction of the new strategic concept of NATO, which is declared for greater cooperation with civilian actors and the implementation of crisis management through a comprehensive involvement of both civilian and military components together, there are still critical issues interfere with successful collaboration to solve problems in the crisis area. One of the most important representatives of civilian actors are a humanitarian organization. And only each other getting to know can eliminate mutual distrust and thereby improve the final effect of the solving of crisis.
Developing A Collaborative Model Specific To The Field Of Defence Based On The Life Cycle Of A Cluster
Authors: Mănescu Gabriel , Kifor Claudiu-Vasile
Published: November 2015

Clusters represent one of the defining elements of the Europe 2020 Strategy of the EU in terms of sustainable regional development due to the organizational structure, to the sphere of representativity and, not least, due to the economic policies adopted in this respect at the European level. The present paper presents the manner in which one can design a cluster-type collaborative model, specific for defence, using methods specific to modeling. The basis for the achievement of this conceptual model is the model of the cluster life cycle, a model analog to the life cycle of the product.
Aspects On The Importance Of Electronic Processing Of Information In Calculating The Profit Tax
Authors: Vlad Miranda Petronella , Ţîrlea Mariana Rodica
Published: November 2015

The profit, according to the definition given in the Explanatory Dictionary of the Romanian language (Dex), represents a “gain” obtained in a given period of time by taxpayers, legal entities and individuals, while the total revenue achieved by economic activities performed in order to obtain income, are greater than the costs incurred to obtain the respective income. According to the regulations in effect, this gain is subject to taxation by applying a rate of 16% on the tax base. The resulted amount, represents the income tax, sum which once listed and submitted with a tax return to the tax institution, becomes a tax receivable which the state is entitled to collect.

A special importance in determining the tax base for income tax calculation, it represented by a correct electronic processing of accounting data for obtaining information in order to determine the correct amounts owed to the state and the electronic preparation and submission of tax returns.
A General Overview Of English As A Foreign Language In The Contemporary Romanian Higher Education
Authors: Ciocoi-Pop Maria-Miruna
Published: November 2015

It goes without saying that the lingua franca’s significance in our day and age is fundamental. International and European integration, as well as the modern process of globalization have lead to the incremented usage of the English language. As a result, English as a foreign language has become a relevant subject taught for a minimum of one year within almost all bachelor programs in the Romanian higher educational system. As an integrated part of the European Union, Romania is constantly undergoing a process of delivering higher education – services at European standards; thus, EFL courses, seminars and practical courses in Universities are becoming an important mile stone in the European development of students.
Quality Of Education – A Guarantee Of Institutional Competitiveness
Authors: Iatagan Mariana
Published: November 2015

Starting from the three challenges in the field of the higher education: relevant character, quality and international cooperation (…), this work represents an analysis of the impact of quality culture on the increasing of Romanian universities competitiveness on the European market of education. Analyzing the literature in the branch, we find out that the main changes recorded at the level of the tertiary education are the diversification and the consistent development of education at a higher level, on the ground of the intensified difficulties as far as it regards insuring resources and an increased demand of responsibility. We are also witnesses, in present, of the development of a “consumption” view over the universities and passing from a higher education for elites, to a mass one, where the performance seems often to be uncertain. As far as it concerns as suring the quality in the higher education environment, it can be noticed that its implementation is made almost in a mechanical way, on the ground of a quality management that is not enough developed and a weak involvement of direct beneficiaries in the project of the quality system. In this regard, we recommend developping of a system of total quality management at university level, beginning from the student’s needs, identifying some new performance items in education and development of some effective instruments of ensuring higher education quality.
Some Aspects Concerning The Impact Of The End Of Stroke On Hydraulic Cylinders
Authors: Hauk Niculai
Published: November 2015

The increase of speeds for mechanical systems operated with hydraulic cylinder raises risks of mechanical impact of the end of the race. We are considering a number of measures to limit the impact intensity. Its size is estimated according to the masses in motion, to work pressures and to the geometry of the mechanism. Elasticity of the components is also an important variable. This paper presents a method which combines the classical calculation with numerical simulation systems.
Mismeasuring Humanity: Examining Indicators Through a Critical Global Studies Perspective
Authors: Darian-Smith Eve
Published: November 2015

Social and economic indicators measure and monitor the relative level of each country’s “progress”, be this in education, poverty, mortality, gross domestic product and so on. This essay examines indicators in the contemporary development paradigm and their use by the United Nations, World Bank, NGOs and corporations, as well as their increasing presence in global governance decision-making. Drawing upon a critical global studies perspective, I argue that indicators are producing and privileging certain kinds of knowledge over other kinds of knowledge that may not be so easily “captured” by nationally structured numerical reductionism. Reflecting on the limitations of the Human Development Index and the United Nations’ Millennium Development Goals, I suggest that the empirical data produced ultimately mismeasure the fullness of human experience and often undervalue non-western worldviews. I conclude by returning to the insights suggested by a global studies perspective and offer a number of recommendations for envisaging and shaping a more inclusive post-development paradigm.
1.7 What we can learn from Plants about the Creation of Values
Authors: Lemm Vanessa
Published: November 2015

This contribution challenges the view that value creation circumscribes the realm of the human. It argues, first, that human value creation is continuous with value creation in animals and plants. Second, I argue that life is a normative force that manifests itself in and through human value creation but can also be found in the moral character of plants and animals. And, finally, that what we can learn from plants is not how and in what way we are determined by our cultural and biological history and environment but, on the contrary, how and in what way we can be free and creative as plants and become the future value creators Nietzsche envisages.
What Zarathustra Whispers
Authors: Zamosc Gabriel
Published: November 2015

In this essay I defend my interpretation of the unheard words that Zarathustra whispers into Life’s ear in “The Other Dance Song” and that have long kept commentators puzzled. I argue that what Zarathustra whispers is that he knows that Life is pregnant with his child. Zarathustra’s ability to make Life pregnant depends on his overcoming of Eternal Recurrence which threatens to strangle him with disgust of human beings and all of existence, thereby making him into a spiritual eunuch whose will has turned into not-willing. The insemination of Life is a transfiguring act that raises Life from her blind animality (or materiality) into the level of a spiritually fertile existence, which is the condition of human freedom. This act is performed with the help of our capacity for theoretical knowledge, which is why it requires love of Wisdom. However, love of Wisdom can make us infertile, and thus unfree, when pursued for its own sake (knowledge can choke). I conclude by considering who might be the child of Zarathustra and Life.