bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Green Forever Landscaping and Design, Inc.: how an entrepreneur grew his business
Authors: Bumpus Minnette A. , Floyd Nikita
Published: September 2019

Theoretical basis

The case should be introduced after students have been exposed to the following topics: the practice of entrepreneurship, opportunity recognition, market segmentation and minority business enterprise.

Research methodology

The names of the companies and individuals in this descriptive case have not been disguised, with the exception of the solar company representative and his company affiliation. Information was obtained from interviews (i.e. first-hand accounts) with Nikita Floyd, President and Owner of Green Forever Landscaping and Design, Inc., and secondary sources cited.

Case overview/synopsis

Nikita, a 50-year old, African American male, had grown his business from a one-person seasonal landscaping business to a year-round landscaping and design business with full-time, part-time, and seasonal employees and an array of services and customer segments. To his delight, he was able to unite his avocation with his vocation. With over 30 years of experience in landscaping and landscape design Nikita was always scanning the landscape for new business opportunities that would align with his company’s mission statement and help sustain Green Forever’s core business.

Complexity academic level

This case is most appropriate for introductory undergraduate and graduate level courses in entrepreneurship.
Criteria for selection of current or voltage source converter in shunt active power filter structure
Authors: Zafari Ali , Firoozian Mohammad , Fazeli Abelouei Seyyed Jafar , Azadi Hematabadi Ahmad
Published: September 2019

Purpose

Votage source converter (VSC) based or current source converter (CSC) based shunt active power filter (SAPF)? It is the main question in harmonic elimination project using SAPF.This paper presents some criteria based on which the designer can decide which type of filter is more suitable for implementation of the project according to the nature and characteristics of the project.

Design/methodology/approach

Owing to the importance of cost and power losses criteria, relevant equations will be formulated and comparative analysis will be carried out between conventional structures based on CSC or VSC. For validation of analyses, simulation results have been studied in the MATLAB–SIMULINK environment.

Findings

Simulation results have examined two important criteria of power losses and costs. Although the results show the superiority of VSSAPF to CSSAPF in both criteria, this comparison is performed in a general and conventional condition. Using third-order filters of inductive-capacitive-inductive (LCL) type in VSSAPF, using insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) with reverse-voltage blocking ability in CSSAPF, which eliminates the need to use series diodes, and the use of superconducting technology in the DC-side endpoint in CSSAPF, not only reduce the difference of cost and losses in two schemes but also may lead to the lower costs and losses in CSSAPF than VSSAPF.

Originality/value

This paper is the result of many years working on active power filter and can be useful for engineers who are engaged in industrial projects.
Primary surgical management of anterior pelvic organ prolapse: a systematic review, network meta‐analysis and cost‐effectiveness analysis
Authors: Slade E , Daly C , Mavranezouli I , Dias S , Kearney R , Hasler E , Carter P , Mahoney C , Macbeth F , Delgado Nunes V
Published: September 2019

Background

Anterior compartment prolapse is the most common pelvic organ prolapse (POP) with a range of surgical treatment options available.

Objectives

To compare the clinical effectiveness and cost‐effectiveness of surgical treatments for the repair of anterior POP.

Methods

We conducted a systematic review of randomised controlled trials comparing surgical treatments for women with POP. Network meta‐analysis was possible for anterior POP, same‐site recurrence outcome. A Markov model was used to compare the cost–utility of surgical treatments for the primary repair of anterior POP from a UK National Health Service perspective.

Main results

We identified 27 eligible trials for the network meta‐analysis involving eight surgical treatments tested on 3194 women. Synthetic mesh was the most effective in preventing recurrence at the same site. There was no evidence to suggest a difference between synthetic non‐absorbable mesh, synthetic partially absorbable mesh, and biological mesh. The cost–utility analysis, which incorporated effectiveness, complications and cost data, found non‐mesh repair to have the highest probability of being cost‐effective. The conclusions were robust to model inputs including effectiveness, costs and utility values.

Conclusions

Anterior colporrhaphy augmented with mesh appeared to be cost‐ineffective in women requiring primary repair of anterior POP. There is a need for further research on long‐term effectiveness and the safety of mesh products to establish their relative cost‐effectiveness with a greater certainty.

Tweetable abstract

New study finds mesh cost‐ineffective in women with anterior pelvic organ prolapse.
Noninvasive, Nondestructive Measurement of Tomato Concentrate Spoilage in Large‐Volume Aseptic Packages
Authors: Martin Michele N. , Balcom Bruce J. , McCarthy Michael J. , Augustine Matthew P.
Published: September 2019

Low frequency nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is used to noninvasively and nondestructively detect spoiled tomato concentrate stored in >200 L metal‐lined containers. It is shown that longitudinal and transverse NMR relaxation times change as the tomato concentrate spoils. A rapid, viscosity‐dependent spoilage detection method that takes advantage of the inherent inhomogeneity in single‐sided NMR instruments is proposed. Here, the effective transverse magnetization decay rate is used as a parameter to determine tomato concentrate spoilage. Three different low frequency, single‐sided NMR instruments are described and compared to determine the optimum sensor for spoiled tomato concentrate detection in large‐format, metal‐lined, aseptic containers. The most effective NMR sensor for this application is temperature stable and has large magnetic field gradients and a homogeneous magnetic field region offset >0.5 cm from the magnet surface.

Practical Application

This manuscript describes a noninvasive and nondestructive tomato concentrate spoilage detector for application to large‐format, sealed, commercial storage bins.
An adaptive independence test for microbiome community data
Authors: Song Yaru , Zhao Hongyu , Wang Tao
Published: September 2019

Advances in sequencing technologies and bioinformatics tools have vastly improved our ability to collect and analyze data from complex microbial communities. A major goal of microbiome studies is to correlate the overall microbiome composition with clinical or environmental variables. La Rosa et al. recently proposed a parametric test for comparing microbiome populations between two or more groups of subjects. However, this method is not applicable for testing the association between the community composition and a continuous variable. Although multivariate nonparametric methods based on permutations are widely used in ecology studies, they lack interpretability and can be inefficient for analyzing microbiome data. We consider the problem of testing for independence between the microbial community composition and a continuous or many‐valued variable. By partitioning the range of the variable into a few slices, we formulate the problem as a problem of comparing multiple groups of microbiome samples, with each group indexed by a slice. To model multivariate and over‐dispersed count data, we use the Dirichlet‐multinomial distribution. We propose an adaptive likelihood‐ratio test by learning a good partition or slicing scheme from the data. A dynamic programming algorithm is developed for numerical optimization. We demonstrate the superiority of the proposed test by numerically comparing it with that of La Rosa et al. and other popular approaches on the same topic including PERMANOVA, the distance covariance test, and the microbiome regression‐based kernel association test. We further apply it to test the association of gut microbiome with age in three geographically distinct populations and show how the learned partition facilitates differential abundance analysis.
Recent advances in amniote palaeocolour reconstruction and a framework for future research
Authors: Roy Arindam , Pittman Michael , Saitta Evan T. , Kaye Thomas G. , Xu Xing
Published: September 2019

Preserved melanin pigments have been discovered in fossilised integumentary appendages of several amniote lineages (fishes, frogs, snakes, marine reptiles, non‐avialan dinosaurs, birds, and mammals) excavated from lagerstätten across the globe. Melanisation is a leading factor in organic integument preservation in these fossils. Melanin in extant vertebrates is typically stored in rod‐ to sphere‐shaped, lysosome‐derived, membrane‐bound vesicles called melanosomes. Black, dark brown, and grey colours are produced by eumelanin, and reddish‐brown colours are produced by phaeomelanin. Specific morphotypes and nanostructural arrangements of melanosomes and their relation to the keratin matrix in integumentary appendages create the so‐called 'structural colours'. Reconstruction of colour patterns in ancient animals has opened an exciting new avenue for studying their life, behaviour and ecology. Modern relationships between the shape, arrangement, and size of avian melanosomes, melanin chemistry, and feather colour have been applied to reconstruct the hues and colour patterns of isolated feathers and plumages of the dinosaurs Anchiornis, Sinosauropteryx, and Microraptor in seminal papers that initiated the field of palaeocolour reconstruction. Since then, further research has identified countershading camouflage patterns, and informed subsequent predictions on the ecology and behaviour of these extinct animals. However, palaeocolour reconstruction remains a nascent field, and current approaches have considerable potential for further refinement, standardisation, and expansion. This includes detailed study of non‐melanic pigments that might be preserved in fossilised integuments. A common issue among existing palaeocolour studies is the lack of contextualisation of different lines of evidence and the wide variety of techniques currently employed. To that end, this review focused on fossil amniotes: (i) produces an overarching framework that appropriately reconstructs palaeocolour by accounting for the chemical signatures of various pigments, morphology and local arrangement of pigment‐bearing vesicles, pigment concentration, macroscopic colour patterns, and taphonomy; (ii) provides background context for the evolution of colour‐producing mechanisms; and (iii) encourages future efforts in palaeocolour reconstructions particularly of less‐studied groups such as non‐dinosaur archosaurs and non‐archosaur amniotes.
Electroencephalographic seizures in critically ill children: Management and adverse events
Authors: Fung France W. , Jacobwitz Marin , Vala Lisa , Parikh Darshana , Donnelly Maureen , Xiao Rui , Topjian Alexis A. , Abend Nicholas S.
Published: September 2019

Objective

Guidelines recommend that encephalopathic critically ill children undergo continuous electroencephalographic (CEEG) monitoring for electrographic seizure (ES) identification and management. However, limited data exist on antiseizure medication (ASM) safety for ES treatment in critically ill children.

Methods

We performed a single‐center prospective observational study of encephalopathic critically ill children undergoing CEEG. Clinical and EEG features and ASM utilization patterns were evaluated. We determined the incidence, types, and risk factors for adverse events associated with ASM administration.

Results

A total of 472 consecutive critically ill children undergoing CEEG were enrolled. ES occurred in 131 children (28%). Clinicians administered ASM to 108 children with ES (82%). ES terminated after the initial ASM in 38% of patients who received one ASM, after the second ASM in 35% of patients who received two ASMs, after the third ASM in 50% of patients who received three ASMs, and after the fourth ASM in 53% of patients who received four ASMs. Thirty patients (28%) received anesthetic infusions for ES management. Adverse events occurred in 18 patients (17%). Adverse effects were expected and resolved in all patients, and they were generally serious (in 15 patients) and definitely related (in 12 patients). Adverse events were rare in patients with acute symptomatic seizures requiring only one to two ASMs for treatment, but were more common in children with epilepsy, ictal‐interictal continuum EEG patterns, or patients requiring more extensive ASM management.

Significance

ES ceased after one ASM in only 38% of critically ill children but ceased after two ASMs in 73% of critically ill children. Thus, ES management was often accomplished with readily available medications, but optimization of multistep ES management strategies might be beneficial. Adverse events were rare and manageable in children with acute symptomatic seizures requiring only one to two ASMs for treatment. Future studies are needed to determine whether management of acute symptomatic ES improves neurobehavioral outcomes.
Anxiety of food nationalism: Dilemmas of bordering in the Vietnam–Taiwan tea trade
Authors: Hung Po‐Yi , Lien Yu‐Hsiu
Published: September 2019

In Taiwan, bentu (or bendi) is a term emphasizing local food and agriculture, similar to “localness” in the concept of local food systems (LFS). The term also demonstrates the complex, inseparable relationship between local food movements and food nationalism in Taiwan. This paper examines the politics of bentu in Taiwan's food movements in order to reconsider the relationship between the relocalization of agri‐food systems and the politics of bordering regarding food nationalism. This approach chimes with recent scholarship concerned with relocating border studies, in political geography in particular, and provides a way of critically understanding the borderwork that takes place beyond the national borders. We use the case of the tea trade between Vietnam and Taiwan to illustrate how borders around bentu food products can be simultaneously porous and fixed. During the 1990s Taiwanese entrepreneurs and tea merchants established tea plantations and factories in Vietnam to meet increasing Taiwanese market demand. However, Vietnamese tea has been stigmatized as inferior due to concerns about pesticide residue and quality control. Yet while bentu protectionists of Taiwanese tea have drawn and re‐drawn the symbolic and spatial borders to constrain the mobility of Vietnamese tea, tea producers in Vietnam have practised a variety of strategies to re‐mobilize their tea to cross spatial and symbolic borders into Taiwan. Thus, we argue, the “movement” of bentu food encompasses two dimensions: a social movement to fix the boundaries of local tea for food nationalism, and movement as the discrepant patterns of mobility of both humans and non‐humans – tea producers and tea trees in our case – that can challenge attempts to shore up a purified vision of the bentu. As such, bentu has been a mechanism for the construction of a symbolically distinct but spatially blurred space for Taiwanese tea.
Heterogeneity of birth‐state effects on internal migration
Authors: Gallagher Ryan M. , Persky Joseph
Published: September 2019

Working in a discrete location choice framework, we develop a model of migration that allows the identification of heterogeneity in state‐of‐birth effects across states. We employ a novel method for using aggregate data to estimate the role of birth state on migration choices. This approach reveals considerable heterogeneity and some regional clustering in birth‐state inertia effects across states, with strong attachments in California, the Southwest, and the upper Midwest. The weakest attachments are in the mountain states and New York.
The consequences of mass mortality events for the structure and dynamics of biological communities
Authors: Fey Samuel B. , Gibert Jean P. , Siepielski Adam M.
Published: September 2019

Mass mortality events (MMEs) are rapidly occurring, substantial population losses that transpire within a short time interval relative to the generation time of the affected organism. Previous work has established that MMEs appear to be increasing in frequency and magnitude; however, currently, there is little understanding of the consequences of MMEs for biological communities. Here, we use theory and empirical data from observed MMEs to understand how MMEs impact the structure and dynamics of communities. To do so, we build upon existing resource pulse and trophic cascade theory to show that MMEs both share similarities and diverge from these ecological phenomena, producing distinct short‐ and long‐term impacts by jointly altering the effects of species interactions across trophic levels and providing an influx of resources from decaying biomass. Second, we investigate how the magnitude of MMEs, trophic level of the impacted species, overall food web structure and ecosystem type may mediate the resulting ecological response. Third, we compare the understanding gained by our models to existing observational data on MMEs. Our synthesis, offers an empirical path forward for understanding MMEs through experimentation and improved observational data collection. While complex, resolving the consequences of MMEs should be a high research priority due to their role in determining how ecological systems respond to environmental change driven by rare events.
Optimization of trypsin treatment condition utilizing immunohistochemistry for chromogenic in situ hybridization
Authors: Nakamura Nobuyuki , Fujii Takeshi , Soejima Yurie , Sawabe Motoji
Published: September 2019

Chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) is a molecular technique used to visualize specific genes. Both heat treatment and protease treatment play important roles for the success of CISH on formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) tissue sections. In contrast to heat treatment, the optimal condition of protease treatment may vary depending on each sample. Because trypsin has a substrate specificity to cleave lysine and arginine, we hypothesized that trypsin could effectively degrade histones rich in lysine and arginine and that the removal of histones from DNA following heat treatment could improve CISH results. We selected 21 patients with lung adenocarcinoma previously known to be positive or negative for anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangement and used FFPE tissue sections collected from these patients. Then, we assessed histone degradation among the following protease treatments; trypsin, pepsin, and proteinase K, and compared the ALK CISH results with results obtained using commercially available kits and these protease treatments. The results showed that trypsin effectively degraded histones. Additionally, compared with the other treatments, ALK CISH with trypsin treatment showed the most evaluable cells and the smallest standard deviation. Our study suggests that the degradation of histones by trypsin subsequent to heat treatment might improve CISH results.
On the Time Inconsistency of Optimal Monetary and Fiscal Policies with Many Consumer Goods*
Authors: Domínguez Begoña , Gomis‐Porqueras Pedro
Published: September 2019

In this paper, we study the time consistency of optimal policies in an environment where agents use cash to purchase many consumer goods and where those goods might be taxed at differential rates. Our main result is that optimal monetary and fiscal policies are, in general, time‐inconsistent, because the number of bond instruments is insufficient to influence all future fiscal decisions. However, there is one special case where optimal policies are time‐consistent, which is when differential tax rates across cash goods are optimally zero.
In search of the source of dermatophytosis: Epidemiological analysis of Trichophyton verrucosum infection in llamas and the breeder (case report)
Authors: Łagowski Dominik , Gnat Sebastian , Nowakiewicz Aneta , Osińska Marcelina , Trościańczyk Aleksandra , Zięba Przemysław
Published: September 2019

During the last few years, the number of cases of Trichophyton verrucosum isolation from humans suffering from mycoses has been constantly increasing, which is correlated with the presence of an increasing number of outdoor breeding farms. Farmers and their families as well as veterinarians and technicians involved in handling the animals are at a higher risk of infection. One of the most important aims of mycological diagnostics is epidemiological analysis. Typically, the history of the disease is not sufficient to indicate reliably and eliminate the outbreak of infection. PCR fingerprinting methods are a useful tool in this type of analysis, which is presented in this study. The main aim is to present diagnostic and epidemiological analyses of dermatophyte isolates from llamas and their breeder. In two llamas, round alopecia sites or ca. 2‐cm excoriations covered with thickened scaling epidermis were noticed at the border of the head and neck with a distinct tendency towards hair loss. Tinea unguium was noticed in a nail of the breeder's right hand. Direct analysis of the material from the clinical lesions revealed the presence of arthrospores. The macro‐ and micromorphology of the isolates were homogeneous and characteristic for T. verrucosum. The identification analysis based on the ITS sequences confirmed the previous morphological diagnostic examination. The MP‐PCR and MSP‐PCR analysis indicated high invariability of the genomes of the strains isolated from the human and animals. The epidemiological research has indicated an identical source of dermatophyte infection in the breeder and the lamas. To sum up, the number of pets and farm animals is increasing and dermatologists should always be informed about possible dermatophyte transmission sources. The possibility of transmission of zoophilic dermatophytes from humans to animals is a suggestion for further analysis; therefore, this type of transmission should be considered in dermatological studies.
Free Oscillation Solution for Fractional Differential System
Authors: Fukunaga Masataka
Published: September 2019

There is a type of fractional differential equation that admits asymptotically free standing oscillations (Fukunaga, M., 2019, “Mode Analysis on Onset of Turing Instability in Time-Fractional Reaction-Subdiffusion Equations by Two-Dimensional Numerical Simulations,” ASME J. Comput. Nonlinear Dyn., 14, p. 061005). In this paper, analytical solutions to fractional differential equation for free oscillations are derived for special cases. These analytical solutions are direct evidence for asymptotically standing oscillations, while numerical solutions give indirect evidence.
Genome Sequence of Lactobacillus fermentum 47-7, a Good
In Vitro
Probiotic Strain Isolated from a Healthy Thai Infant
Authors: Konyanee Atthaphon , Yotpanya Panjamaporn , Panya Marutpong , Engchanil Chulapan , Suebwongsa Namfon , Namwat Wises , Thaw Hlainghlaing , Faksri Kiatichai , Sankuntaw Nipaporn , Lulitanond Viraphong
Published: September 2019

We report the genome sequence of
Lactobacillus fermentum
47-7, a good
in vitro
probiotic strain isolated from an infant. Its genome size is 1.83 Mb, it is assembled from 180 contigs, and it consists of 1,636 protein-coding genes, 15 rRNAs, 57 tRNAs, and 4 noncoding RNAs. This genome sequence will be useful for a variety of applications.
Chronic migraine headache and multiple dental pathologies causing cranial pain for 35 years: the neurodental nexus
Authors: Reyes Antonio Jose , Ramcharan Kanterpersad , Maharaj Rajesh
Published: September 2019

We report a case that illustrates how chronic migraine headaches and multiple dental pathologies caused severe and long-standing cranial pain that affected the quality of life of a man for more than 35 years. His case was investigated at several settings including the neurology outpatient clinic of the hospital without a definitive diagnosis or resolution. After investigations, multiple oral pathologies including two occult dental abscesses were diagnosed. Once both affected teeth and associated abscesses were surgically removed, with subsequent antibiotic therapy the headaches resolved.
Traditional Signs and Symptoms Commonly Attributed to Hypogonadism do Not Correlate with Testosterone Levels: The Cooper Center Longitudinal Study Experience
Authors: DeFina Laura F , Radford Nina B , Leonard David , Wilson Rick K , Cooper Tyler C , Clark S Michael , Vega Gloria Lena , Barlow Carolyn E , Willis Benjamin L , Gibbons Larry W , Gruntmanis Ugis
Published: September 2019

Evidence suggests that substantial testosterone therapy is occurring without checking levels of testosterone, presumably based on the presence of symptoms alone. We sought to explore the relationship between total testosterone level and non-specific symptoms, metabolic abnormalities, and sexual dysfunction associated with hypogonadism. This cross-sectional study included 2994 generally healthy men aged 50–79 years examined at a preventive medicine clinic in Dallas, TX from January 2012 to March 2016. Symptoms of hypogonadism were assessed. Screening morning total testosterone levels were measured and categorized into low (<250 ng/dL), low normal (250–399 ng/dL), and normal (≥400 ng/dL). Multiple logistic regression models were used to test the associations between total testosterone and signs and symptoms of hypogonadism. When considering symptoms and signs of hypogonadism, only decreased libido (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.70), fasting glucose ≥100 mg/dL (OR 1.47, CI 1.15 to 1.88), and hemoglobin A1c over 6% (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.06 to 2.03) were associated with increased odds of low testosterone after adjustment for age, body mass index, and cardiorespiratory fitness. Testosterone levels were not associated with fatigue, depression, or erectile dysfunction in our study (p>0.6). In this preventive medicine cohort, symptoms commonly attributed to testosterone deficiency were not associated with low total testosterone levels.
Postobstructive negative pressure pulmonary oedema in a dog
Authors: Louro Luís Filipe , Raszplewicz Joanna , Hodgkiss‐Geere Hannah , Pappa Eirini
Published: September 2019

A 4‐month‐old English bulldog was anaesthetised for investigation and management of chronic urinary incontinence. In the postanaesthetic period, the patient developed respiratory distress, with marked cough and increased inspiratory effort. Diagnostic imaging suggested pulmonary oedema. After excluding all other causes of cardiogenic and non‐cardiogenic pulmonary oedema, it was hypothesised that the patient developed postanaesthetic negative pressure pulmonary oedema, suspected to have been exacerbated by tracheal intubation with an oversized endotracheal tube leading to laryngeal swelling and obstruction. The animal was treated with oxygen supplementation, corticosteroids and β‐2 adrenergic receptor agonists. The patient recovered from the event and was discharged from the hospital after 48 hours. This article discusses in further details other management options of negative pressure pulmonary oedema. This is the first case report discussing the pathophysiology, critical care and management of postanaesthetic negative pressure pulmonary oedema in a dog.
Structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of CrMnX (X = Ge, Se, Si, and Sn) compounds
Authors: Ahmed Shabbir , Shakil M. , Zafar Muhammad , Choudhary M.A. , Iqbal T.
Published: September 2019

We have studied the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of CrMnX (X = Ge, Se, Si, and Sn) compounds. The first principles band structure calculation within the framework of density functional theory was used to explore these properties. The full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method as implemented in the Wien2k software package has been used. We investigated the effect of compositional variation on lattice constants, bulk modulus, electronic, and magnetic properties. CrMnSi has the largest while CrMnSe has the smallest bulk modulus among the studied compounds. Our calculated electronic and magnetic properties for CrMnX (X = Ge, Se, Si, and Sn) compounds show that CrMnGe, CrMnSe, and CrMnSi are half-metallic materials with integer magnetic moments while CrMnSn has metallic behavior. These compounds are fascinating for spintronic devices due to their half-metallic properties.
Mesonic tilted cosmological model with wet dark fluid in F(T) theory of gravity
Authors: Dagwal V.J.
Published: September 2019

This study presents mesonic tilted cosmological models with wet dark fluid in the F(T) theory of gravity, which is an extension of the Teleparallel theory of gravity, where T is the torsion scalar. In this paper, a new idea is introduced about the F(T) theory of gravity with the help of tilt angle, heat conduction, and mesonic wet dark fluid. The cosmological evolution in F(T) models is investigated. The physical and geometrical aspects of the models are also discussed.
Effects of multi-phase optimal velocity function on a lattice model accounting for driver’s behavior
Authors: Madaan Nikita , Sharma Sapna
Published: September 2019

In this paper, the effect of multi-phase optimal velocity (OV) on a lattice model accounting for driver’s characteristics in a unidirectional traffic system is investigated. From theoretical analysis, it is found that the presence of aggressive drivers enlarges the stability region on the phase diagram in density-sensitive phase plane. As the number of stages in multi-phase transition is closely related to the number of critical points, two stage (three-phase) OV function is considered and the simulation is carried out to find the effect of sensitivity and drivers behavior on traffic dynamics. Further, with the variation of traffic density, multiple phase transitions are reported which not only depend on sensitivity but are also strongly influenced by the driver’s characteristics. Finally, the numerical simulations are performed which verify the theoretical findings.
Nonlinear dynamics behavior of the (2+1)-dimensional Sawada–Kotera equation
Authors: Zhang Hong-Yi , Zhang Yu-Feng
Published: September 2019

In this paper, we mainly analyze the nonlinear dynamics behavior of the (2[Formula: see text]+[Formula: see text]1)-dimensional Sawada–Kotera (S–K) equation, which can be usually used to describe shallow water phenomena from natural science. First, the multiple resonant wave and complexiton solutions are constructed with the help of the linear superposition principle, under different domain fields, such as real and complex domain fields, respectively. Next, we apply a new ansatz method to obtain a class of rogue wave solutions (one-rogue wave and two-rogue wave solutions). Finally, the 3-dimensional and 2-dimensional density graphs are plotted for the yielded results in the above texts to better illustrate the dynamics processes to them.
Classification of the Era Emotion Reflected on the Image Using Characteristics of Color and Color-Based Classification Method
Authors: Lee Sang Hwa , Kim Jung-Yoon
Published: September 2019

Paintings convey the composition and characteristics of artists; therefore, it is possible to feel the intended style of painting and emotion of each artist through their paintings. In general, basic elements that constitute traditional paintings are color, texture, and composition (formative elements constituting the paintings are color and shape); however, color is the most crucial element expressing the emotion of a painting. In particular, traditional colors manifest the color containing historicity of the era, so the color shown in painting images is considered a representative color of the culture to which the painting belongs. This study constructed a color emotional system by analyzing colors and rearranged color emotion adjectives based on color combination techniques and clustering algorithm proposed by Kobayashi as well as I.R.I HUE & TONE 120 System. Based on the embodied color emotion system, this study confirmed classified emotions of images by extracting and classifying emotions from traditional Korean painted images, focusing on traditional painted images of the late Joseon Dynasty. Moreover, it was possible to verify the cultural traits of the era through the classified emotion images.
Fault Detection Prediction Using a Deep Belief Network-Based Multi-Classifier in the Semiconductor Manufacturing Process
Authors: Kim Jae Kwon , Lee Jong Sik , Han Young Shin
Published: September 2019

The semiconductor manufacturing process is very complex, and it is the most important part of the semiconductor industry. In order to test whether or not wafers are functioning normally, a pass/fail test is conducted; however, time and cost needed for this testing increase as the number of chips increases. To address this, a machine learning technique is adopted and a high-performance classifier is needed to determine whether a pass/fail test is accurate or not. In this paper, a deep belief network (DBN)-based multi-classifier is proposed for fault detection prediction in the semiconductor manufacturing process. The proposed method consists of two phases: The first phase is a data pre-processing phase in which features required for semiconductor data sets are extracted and the imbalance problem is solved. The second phase is to configure the multi-DBN using selected features. A DBN classifier is created for each feature and, finally, fault detection prediction is performed. The proposed method showed excellent performance and can be used in the semiconductor manufacturing process efficiently.
An Outlier Degree Shilling Attack Detection Algorithm Based on Dynamic Feature Selection
Authors: Cao Gaofeng , Zhang Huan , Zheng Jianbo , Kuang Li , Duan Yu
Published: September 2019

Recommender system is widely used in various fields for dealing with information overload effectively, and collaborative filtering plays a vital role in the system. However, recommender system suffers from its vulnerabilities by malicious attacks significantly, especially, shilling attacks because of the open nature of recommender system and the dependence on data. Therefore, detecting shilling attack has become an important issue to ensure the security of recommender system. Most of the existing methods of detecting shilling attack are based on user ratings, and one limitation is that they are likely to be interfered by obfuscation techniques. Moreover, traditional detection algorithms cannot handle different types of shilling attacks flexibly. In order to solve the problems, we proposed an outlier degree shilling attack detection algorithm by using dynamic feature selection. Considering the differences when users choose items, we combined rating-based indicators with user popularity, and utilized the information entropy to select detection indicators dynamically. Therefore, a variety of shilling attack models can be dealt with flexibility in this way. The experiments show that the proposed algorithm can achieve better detection performance and interference immunity.
Fast Charging Scheduling under the Nonlinear Superposition Model with Adjustable Phases
Authors: Ma Zhi , Zhang Sheng , Wu Jie , Qian Zhuzhong , Zhao Yanchao , Lu Sanglu
Published: September 2019

Wireless energy transfer has been widely studied in recent decades, with existing works mainly focused on maximizing network lifetime, optimizing charging efficiency, and optimizing charging quality. All these works use a charging model with the linear superposition, which may not be the most accurate. We apply a nonlinear superposition model, and we consider the Fast Charging Scheduling problem (FCS): Given multiple chargers and a group of sensors, how can the chargers be optimally scheduled over the time dimension so that the total charging time is minimized and each sensor has at least energy
E
? We prove that FCS is NP-complete and propose a 2-approximation algorithm to solve it in one-dimensional (1D) line. In a 2D plane, we first consider a special case of FCS, where the initial phases of all chargers are the same, and propose an algorithm to solve it, which has a bound. Then we propose an algorithm to solve FCS in a general 2D plane. Unlike other algorithms, our algorithm does not need to calculate the combined energy of every possible combination of chargers in advance, which greatly reduces the complexity. Extensive simulations demonstrate that the performance of our algorithm performs almost as good as the optimal algorithm.
Phase Ia Study of Anti-NaPi2b Antibody–Drug Conjugate Lifastuzumab Vedotin DNIB0600A in Patients with Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer and Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Gerber David E. , Infante Jeffrey R. , Gordon Michael S. , Goldberg Sarah B. , Martín Miguel , Felip Enriqueta , Martinez Garcia Maria , Schiller Joan H. , Spigel David R. , Cordova Julie , Westcott Valerie , Wang Yulei , Shames David S. , Choi YounJeong , Kahn Robert , Dere Randall C. , Samineni Divya , Xu Jian , Lin Kedan , Wood Katie , Royer-Joo Stephanie , Lemahieu Vanessa , Schuth Eva , Vaze Anjali , Maslyar Daniel , Humke Eric W. , Burris Howard A.
Published: September 2019

Purpose:

This phase I trial assessed the safety, tolerability, and preliminary antitumor activity of lifastuzumab vedotin (LIFA), an antibody–drug conjugate of anti-NaPi2b mAb (MNIB2126A) and a potent antimitotic agent (monomethyl auristatin E).

Patients and Methods:

LIFA was administered to patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and platinum-resistant ovarian cancer (PROC), once every 3 weeks, by intravenous infusion. The starting dose was 0.2 mg/kg in this 3+3 dose-escalation design, followed by cohort expansion at the recommended phase II dose (RP2D).

Results:

Overall, 87 patients were treated at doses between 0.2 and 2.8 mg/kg. The MTD was not reached; 2.4 mg/kg once every 3 weeks was selected as the RP2D based on overall tolerability profile. The most common adverse events of any grade and regardless of relationship to study drug were fatigue (59%), nausea (49%), decreased appetite (37%), vomiting (32%), and peripheral sensory neuropathy (29%). Most common treatment-related grade ≥3 toxicities among patients treated at the RP2D (n = 63) were neutropenia (10%), anemia (3%), and pneumonia (3%). The pharmacokinetic profile was dose proportional. At active doses ≥1.8 mg/kg, partial responses were observed in four of 51 (8%) patients with NSCLC and 11 of 24 (46%) patients with PROC per RECIST. All RECIST responses occurred in patients with NaPi2b-high by IHC. The CA-125 biomarker assessed for patients with PROC dosed at ≥1.8 mg/kg showed 13 of 24 (54%) had responses (≥50% decline from baseline).

Conclusions:

LIFA exhibited dose-proportional pharmacokinetics and an acceptable safety profile, with encouraging activity in patients with PROC at the single-agent RP2D of 2.4 mg/kg.
The Angiographic Anatomy of the Sphenoidal Segment of the Middle Cerebral Artery and Its Relevance in Mechanical Thrombectomy
Authors: Khatri Rakesh , Qureshi Mohtashim Arbaab , Chaudhry Mohammad Rauf A. , Maud Alberto , Vellipuram Anantha Ramana , Cruz-Flores Salvador , Rodriguez Gustavo Jose
Published: September 2019

Objective: The middle cerebral artery (MCA) is the most commonly treated artery in mechanical thrombectomy stroke trials; however, there is no pragmatic agreement about the segmental anatomy and nomenclature utilized. It results in significant clinical-radiological dissociation and introduces bias in research trials. The purpose of the study is to review and compare angiographic anatomy with microsurgical anatomy literature of the MCA with emphasis on the discrepancy. Methodology: Consecutive cerebral angiograms between January 2011 and March 2014 were retrospectively reviewed by endovascular surgical neuroradiologists. Information about the anatomy of the sphenoidal segment of the MCA classified as classic and non-classic pattern, the lenticulostriate artery takeoff pattern, and the course angulation of the sphenoidal segment were studied. Results: A total of 500 patients, 886 cerebral angiograms, were reviewed. We found the classic pattern of the main trunk MCA bifurcation and a straight angulation course in less than half of the cases. The lenticulostriate arteries arose not only from the main trunk but also from its divisions in more than half of the cases. Conclusion: It is important to corroborate our findings and to develop a pragmatic classification to accurately assess MCA occlusions from the radiological and clinical perspective.
Calçadas Drenantes: intervenções físicas com desenvolvimento social
Authors: Yamana Daniella Naomi , Medeiros Jady , Lopes Eduardo Ignacio , Fonseca de Campos Paulo Eduardo
Published: September 2019

Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de uma pesquisa aplicada relacionada à instalação de um sistema de microdrenagem de águas pluviais em áreas de vulnerabilidade socioeconômica na cidade de São Paulo, Brasil. Para tal, foi empregada a pré-fabricação leve em microconcreto de alto desempenho, moldado em fôrmas produzidas com o auxílio de máquinas de fabricação digital. O principal objetivo é promover melhoramentos urbanos em assentamentos precários acompanhados de desenvolvimento econômico local, fomentado pela autogestão e produção comunitária. Ademais, nota-se a importância para esta pesquisa de se encorajar processos participativos que envolvem a comunidade local em atividades para resolução de problemas.
Hyperreal Instruments: Bridging VR and Digital Fabrication to Facilitate New Forms of Musical Expression
Authors: Çamcı Anıl , Granzow John
Published: September 2019

Virtual Reality (VR) and digital fabrication technologies today are ushering in a new wave of opportunities in instrument design; the marriage of these two domains, seemingly at odds with each other, can bring impossible instruments to life. In this article, the authors first sample such instruments throughout history. The authors also look at how technology has facilitated the materialization of impossible instruments from the twentieth century on. They then discuss the bridging of VR and fabrication as a new frontier in instrument design, where synthetic sounds can be used to condition an equally synthetic sensory scaffolding upon which the time-varying spectra can be interactively anchored: The result is new instruments that can defy our sense of audiovisual reality while satisfying our proprioceptive and haptic expectations. The authors report on their ongoing work as well as their projections of how emerging technologies in VR and fabrication will shape the design of new musical interfaces.
Respire: Virtual Reality Art with Musical Agent Guided by Respiratory Interaction
Authors: Tatar Kıvanç , Prpa Mirjana , Pasquier Philippe
Published: September 2019

Respire is an immersive art piece that brings together three components: an immersive virtual reality (VR) environment, embodied interaction (via a breathing sensor) and a musical agent system to generate unique experiences of augmented breathing. The breathing sensor controls the user’s vertical elevation of the point of view under and over the virtual ocean. The frequency and patterns of breathing data guide the arousal of the musical agent, and the waviness of a virtual ocean in the environment. Respire proposes an intimate exploration of breathing through an intelligent mapping of breathing data to the parameters of visual and sonic environments.
Mimesis, Murakami and Multimedia Art: Parallel Worlds in Performance
Authors: Underriner Chaz
Published: September 2019

The artistic techniques of mimesis—the representation of reality in art—make it possible to “render the unreal familiar or the real strangely unfamiliar.” The author, a composer and intermedia artist, uses mimetic techniques in acoustic composition, video art and field recording to reimagine everyday experience, as in his multimedia piece Landscape: Home. The author analyzes passages from the novel Sputnik Sweetheart by Haruki Murakami to understand Murakami’s use of “parallel worlds” and the “reality effect.” This literary analysis aims to highlight the potential of mimetic techniques for artistic practice in sound and image, particularly in the author’s Landscape series.
Application of Musical Computing to Creating a Dynamic Reconfigurable Multilayered Chamber Orchestra Composition
Authors: Kirke Alexis
Published: September 2019

With increasing virtualization and the recognition that today’s virtual computers are faster than hardware computers of 10 years ago, modes of computation are now limited only by the imagination. Pulsed Melodic Affective Processing (PMAP) is an unconventional computation protocol that makes affective computation more human-friendly by making it audible. Data sounds like the emotion it carries. PMAP has been demonstrated in nonmusical applications, e.g. quantum computer entanglement and stock market trading. This article presents a musical application and demonstration of PMAP: a dynamic reconfigurable score for acoustic orchestral performance, in which the orchestra acts as a PMAP half-adder to add two numbers.
History, Causation, and the Many-Worlds Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics
Authors: Bennett Bruce S. , Tshipa Moletlanyi
Published: September 2019

The Many-Worlds Interpretation (MWI) is a theory in physics which proposes that, rather than quantum-level events being resolved randomly as according to the Copenhagen Interpretation, the universe constantly divides into different versions or worlds. All physically possible worlds occur, though some outcomes are more likely than others, and therefore all possible histories exist. This paper explores some implications of this for history, especially concerning causation. Unlike counterfactuals, which concern different starting conditions, MWI concerns different outcomes of the same starting conditions. It is argued that analysis of causation needs to take into account the divergence of outcomes and the possibility that we inhabit a less probable world. Another implication of MWI is convergent history: for any given world there will be similar worlds which are the result of different pasts which are, however, more or less probable. MWI can assist in thinking about historical causation and indicates the importance of probabilistic causation.
Disaster-affected Populations and “Localization”: What Role for Anthropology Following the World Humanitarian Summit?
Authors: Apthorpe Raymond , Borton John
Published: September 2019

The international humanitarian sector has long been criticized for relying on standardized responses that make little, if any, adjustment to social and cultural differences between different disaster contexts and disaster-affected populations. Responding to such criticisms, the 2016 World Humanitarian Summit set an ambitious target for “localizing” international humanitarian funding flows so that a quarter would be provided by local and national responders. But what precisely “local” might mean was little theorized, and what humanitarian agencies themselves could learn to improve their own aid-effectiveness from the disaster-affected populations’ own responses to severe stress was not prioritized. This article identifies some of the challenges the new funding regime needs to address for it to have the best chances of meeting its stated objectives, and it explores what role anthropology could play in researching such issues in an action-investigation frame. It concludes with some reflections about effective public anthropology in that conducive frame.