bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical characteristics and severity markers in hospitalized COVID-19 patients from western Mexico: a comparative analysis of Delta and Omicron variants
Authors: Ceja-Gálvez Hazael Ramiro , Hernández-Ramírez Cristian Oswaldo , Vega-Magaña Alejandra Natali , Hernández-Bello Jorge , Arellano-Arteaga Kevin Javier , Turrubiates-Hernández Francisco Javier , Padilla-Borquez Diana Lourdes , Muñoz-Valle José Francisco
Published: August 2024

Introduction

COVID-19 is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a virus notable for its rapid mutation rate, which has led to the emergence of various variants such as Delta and Omicron, each with potentially different levels of transmissibility and virulence. Therefore, this study aims to compare clinical charactheristics and markers associated with the severity of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients from western Mexico who were infected with the Delta and Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2.

Methods

This cross-sectional study involved 66 patients hospitalized for COVID-19, diagnosed by RT-qPCR. SARS-CoV-2 variants were identified through whole genome sequencing using the COVIDseq platform from Illumina. Upon admission, patients underwent a clinical history assessment, blood gas analysis, and blood biometry. Additionally, several tests and markers were measured, including the percentage of neutralizing antibodies, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), D-dimer, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive protein (CRP), and ferritin.

Results and discussion

Patients hospitalized with the Omicron were found to be older, compared to those infected with the Delta (64 vs. 54 years, p = 0.006). Additionally, a higher proportion of male patients were observed in the Omicron compared to the Delta (p = 0.029). Both Omicron and Delta variants were associated with lymphopenia, although the lymphocyte count was lower in Omicron (0.9 vs. 0.56 10x3/L; p = 0.007). The COVID-GRAM scale indicated a high risk for severe disease in both groups, but the score was higher in Omicron compared to Delta (157 vs. 128 points; p = 0.0004). Patients infected with Omicron exhibited a lower percentage of neutralizing antibodies than those with Delta (35.99 vs. 81%; p < 0.05), regardless of their vaccination status. Among the markers assessed, globular ESR was found to be lower in Omicron compared to Delta (30.5 vs. 41.5 mm/h; p = 0.001), while ferritin levels were higher in patients infected with the Omicron (1,359 vs. 960.6 μg/L; p = 0.007). In patients with severe COVID-19, markers such as lymphopenia, neutralizing antibody levels, ferritin, and COVID-GRAM scores are elevated in the Omicron variant, while only the leukocyte count and ESR for the Delta variant.
Statistical geoeffectiveness of solar-interplanetary disturbance events of type II radio bursts and CMEs/shocks
Authors: Yan Jingye , Yu Quanyingqi
Published: August 2024

Understanding and predicting the geoeffectiveness of solar activity on Earth is crucial for space weather. Therefore, predicting the impact of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and their associated interplanetary (IP) shocks on Earth is essential. Observations of CMEs near the Sun can be used for these prediction and to study their propagation and evolution in IP space. Commonly used international models do not accurately predict whether and when IP shocks would reach Earth, thus failing to meet the demands of space weather forecasting. This study investigated the geoeffectiveness of solar-IP disturbance events, focusing on type II radio bursts from 1996 to 2019 (solar cycles 23 and 24). The study results showed that during this period, Wind/WAVES detected 623 type II bursts and 541 IP shocks at the L1 point, where 181 type II bursts were associated with L1 shocks. Approximately 29% of the IP shocks associated with type II bursts reached Earth, and approximately 34% of the IP shocks at the L1 point were accompanied by these bursts. IP type II radio bursts and their cutoff frequencies can serve as indicators of the geoeffectiveness of CMEs towards Earth. IP shocks accompanied by type II radio bursts cause stronger geomagnetic responses than those without the associated type II radio bursts. Lower cutoff frequencies of type II radio bursts increase the probability that the corresponding shocks reaching Earth, intensifying the geomagnetic response of the shock. Consequently, the presence of IP type II radio bursts and can serve as indicators of geoeffectiveness of the Earth-directed CMEs. Further, they help improve the accuracy of forecasting the geoeffectiveness of CME/shock events towards Earth.
Pre-aspiration outpatient ultrasound can accurately predict dry taps in prosthetic hips suspected of infection; a prospective study
Authors: Mirzaei Alireza , Shafiei Seyyed Hossein , Sadeghi-Naini Mohsen , Rikhtehgar Masih , Abolghasemian Mansour
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Aspiration represents the most potent method for exploring the potential occurrence of Periprosthetic Joint Infection (PJI). However, dry taps are common. While aspiration under ultrasound (US) guidance in the radiology department has become increasingly popular, hip aspiration is still routinely conducted in the operating room (OR) under x-ray guidance in numerous medical centers. When conducted within the confines of the OR, a dry tap aspiration not only subjects the patient to an unnecessary invasive procedure but also constitutes a substantial strain on OR time and resources. Our objective was to assess whether an outpatient US conducted before aspiration could reliably predict the likelihood of encountering a dry hip aspiration.

Methods

In a prospective study, we enrolled 50 hips who were suspected of PJI and slated for revision total hip arthroplasty and required hip aspiration. Before the aspiration procedure, we conducted an outpatient hip ultrasound (US) to assess the presence of fluid collection. Subsequently, all patients underwent aspiration under fluoroscopy in the OR, irrespective of the ultrasound findings We then assessed the level of agreement between the ultrasound results and the outcomes of hip aspiration.

Results

The US exhibited a sensitivity of 95.7% (95% CI 69.8–91.8), a specificity of 74.1% (95% CI 52.8–91.8), a positive predictive value of 75.9% (95% CI 50.9–91.3), and a negative predictive value of 95.2% (95% CI 71.3-99.8) in predicting the success of aspiration.

Discussion

Pre-aspiration outpatient US demonstrates a high degree of accuracy in predicting dry taps in these patients. We recommend its incorporation into the hip aspiration procedure in medical centers where aspiration is performed in the operating room. In the broader context, these findings reinforce the preference for US-guided aspiration within the radiology department over x-ray-guided aspiration in the operating room since about ¼ of the positive USs for hip collection will lead to a dry tap if the aspiration is performed in the OR under fluoroscopy guidance.
Role of AI in diagnostic imaging error reduction
Authors: Burti Silvia , Zotti Alessandro , Banzato Tommaso
Published: August 2024

The topic of diagnostic imaging error and the tools and strategies for error mitigation are poorly investigated in veterinary medicine. The increasing popularity of diagnostic imaging and the high demand for teleradiology make mitigating diagnostic imaging errors paramount in high-quality services. The different sources of error have been thoroughly investigated in human medicine, and the use of AI-based products is advocated as one of the most promising strategies for error mitigation. At present, AI is still an emerging technology in veterinary medicine and, as such, is raising increasing interest among in board-certified radiologists and general practitioners alike. In this perspective article, the role of AI in mitigating different types of errors, as classified in the human literature, is presented and discussed. Furthermore, some of the weaknesses specific to the veterinary world, such as the absence of a regulatory agency for admitting medical devices to the market, are also discussed.
Differential analysis of ubiquitin-proteomics in skeletal muscle of Duroc pigs and Tibetan fragrant pigs
Authors: Li Meng-yu , Li Chao-cheng , Chen Xin , Yao Yi-long , Han Yu-song , Guo Tao , Zhang Yong-sheng , Huang Tao
Published: August 2024

Understanding the differences in ubiquitination-modified proteins between Duroc pigs and Tibetan fragrant pigs is crucial for comprehending the growth and development of their skeletal muscles. In this study, skeletal muscle samples from 30-day-old Duroc pigs and Tibetan fragrant pigs were collected. Using ubiquitination 4D-Label free quantitative proteomics, we analyzed and identified ubiquitination-modified peptides, screening out 109 differentially expressed ubiquitination-modified peptides. Further enrichment analysis was conducted on the proteins associated with these differential peptides. GO analysis results indicated that the differential genes were primarily enriched in processes such as regulation of protein transport, motor activity, myosin complex, and actin cytoskeleton. KEGG pathway analysis revealed significant enrichment in pathways such as Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis and Hippo signaling pathway. The differentially expressed key ubiquitinated proteins, including MYL1, MYH3, TNNC2, TNNI1, MYLPF, MYH1, MYH7, TNNT2, TTN, and TNNC1, were further identified. Our analysis demonstrates that these genes play significant roles in skeletal muscle protein synthesis and degradation, providing new insights into the molecular mechanisms of muscle development in Duroc pigs and Tibetan fragrant pigs, and offering theoretical support for breeding improvements in the swine industry.
Can Targeted Poverty Alleviation Program Reduce Depression? Evidence From China
Authors: Yang Ziying , Xiong Chang , Tang Manping
Published: August 2024

Objectives

This study aimed to examine whether China’s Targeted Poverty Alleviation (TPA) program mitigates depression and explores the mechanisms through which the TPA program affects individuals’ depression.

Methods

Using the data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) survey from 2012 to 2020, we employ a Difference-in-Difference model to analyze the effect of the TPA program on individuals’ depression levels.

Results

Our findings indicate that the TPA program reduces depression scores by 0.116 points, accounting for 6.82% of the standard deviation of depression scores. Further analyses indicate that these effects are mediated through improvements in local medical conditions, reductions in household healthcare spending, increases in household entertainment expenditures, and greater likelihood of living in family.

Conclusion

This study showed that the TPA program significantly mitigates individuals’ depression levels. The possible channels include (1) improving local medical conditions, (2) cutting down household healthcare spending, (3) increasing household entertainment expenses, and (4) increasing the likelihood of living in family.
Dynamics of sudanian pastures: the case of Niassa pastoral zone in Burkina Faso
Authors: Bambara Ghislain Tontibomma , Kiema André , Bougouma-Yameogo Valérie M. C. , Ouedraogo Adama , Sanfo Abroulaye
Published: August 2024

In Burkina Faso, as in other Sahelian countries, natural pastures are a key element in managing livestock productivity, as they are the main source of feed. This is why, after the droughts of 1970, the government of Burkina Faso created pastoral zones to boost livestock productivity. However, the results of this project remain unsatisfactory. This study therefore aims to assess pastoral resources by analysing the dynamics of pastoral landscapes in the Niassa pastoral zone. To this end, remote sensing and perception surveys of pastoralists were used. From 2000 to 2020, the dynamics of land use shifted away from grazing areas. Indeed, the rate of occupation of cropland rose from 15.35% in 2000 to 39.33% in 2020 and that of bare lands from 2.46% to 7.62% with a decrease of 46.95% in pastureland. This has a negative impact on pasture biomass production and herd management. Thus, 91% of the pastoralists surveyed perceive this dynamic through the low availability in quantity and quality of fodder resources. They believe that herbaceous species of high value to livestock are disappearing. They are Andropogon gayanus, Andropogon ascinodis and Vetiveria nigritana according to respectively to 83%, 80%, and 78% of respondents. These species have been replaced by less valuable or with low biomass production species such as Senna obtusifolia, Hyptis suaveolens, Loudetia togoensis, Microchloa indica and Zornia glochidiata according respectively to 100%, 90%, 90%, 95%, and 65% of respondents. According to respondents, the endangered woody species are Pterocarpus erinaceus (88.4%), Afzelia africana (64%), Bombax costatum (58%), Vitex doniana (55%) and Khaya senegalensis (55%). The reduction in pastureland, forage species and forage availability are indicative of the degradation of the pastoral zone. This is leading to a drop in livestock productivity and, consequently, the impoverishment of pastoralists and agropastoralists.
Research on Ecological Lawn Regulation and Storage System in Flight Area Based on Sponge Airport
Authors: Wang Gelan , Wen Xin , Bai Yuhao , Ai Yunlong , Qin Jiahao
Published: August 2024

Through the construction of an ecological lawn regulation and storage system, the adaptability of airports to extreme weather can be enhanced. The problems of runoff, ponding and pollution faced by traditional airport flight areas during heavy rainfall can be solved, and the utilization efficiency of rainwater resources can be improved. In this paper, the SWMM is used to simulate and analyze an 4E-level airport of a certain city in Region III as the research object. The simulation results show that the ecological lawn regulation and storage system can significantly reduce runoff flow, ponding durations and runoff pollution with different return periods. In addition, the water storage module of the system can store 24,000 m3 of water and recycle it. This research proves that the ecological lawn regulation and storage system can effectively improve the rainwater control capability of the airport flight area, which has an important reference value for the sponge transformation of traditional airports and is helpful to promote green civil aviation construction and sustainable development.
Factors Associated with Communities’ Satisfaction with Receiving Curative Care Administered by Community Health Workers in the Health Districts of Bousse and Boussouma in Burkina Faso, 2024
Authors: Ouedraogo Hamed Sidwaya , Sawadogo Abdoul-Guaniyi , Kabore Ahmed , Traore Badra Ali , Traore Mamadou , Maiga Massoudou Harouna , Sanon Marcella Valerie Zombre , Drabo Maxime Koine
Published: August 2024

Background: Since 2010, Burkina Faso has developed and initiated community-based management of childhood illnesses. Following the increased presence of community health workers and the adoption of free community health care, this study aims to assess community satisfaction with curative care administered by community health workers. Methodology: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study. Data were collected in the health districts of Boussé and Boussouma from 20 February to 30 March 2023 for quantitative data and from 12 to 30 January 2024 for qualitative data using a questionnaire (household survey) and an interview grid (focus groups). Analyses were conducted using SPSS IBM 25 and Nvivo 14. Results: Households benefit from oral curative care when using Community health workers, but are not satisfied with the temporal accessibility of these community health workers. Temporal accessibility and awareness during care have a significant influence on household satisfaction. Conclusions: Curative care by community health workers is effective, but its use could be improved by addressing the unavailability of community health workers, inputs and better communication during care.
Effectiveness of Interspinous Process Devices in Managing Adjacent Segment Degeneration Following Lumbar Spinal Fusion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Mangal Harris , Felzensztein Recher David , Shafafy Roozbeh , Itshayek Eyal
Published: August 2024

Background: Adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) is a significant complication following lumbar spinal fusion, often necessitating further surgical interventions and impairing patient outcomes. Interspinous process devices were introduced as an alternative treatment for spinal stenosis and degenerative spondylolisthesis and can potentially reduce the incidence of ASDd. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effectiveness of interspinous process devices or IPDs in managing ASD following a previous spinal fusion compared to traditional fusion techniques. Methods: Electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, were queried for studies assessing IPDs against traditional lumbar fusion methods for managing ASD after previous lumbar fusion, which had been published between January 2014 and the present. Statistical analysis was conducted using Review Manager 5.4. Results: Seven retrospective cohort studies involving 546 patients met the inclusion criteria. The analysis revealed that IPDs were associated with a statistically significant reduction in the incidence of ASD (OR = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.16 to 0.51, p < 0.0001, and I2 = 0% after excluding outliers). The ODI demonstrated a non-significant trend towards improved outcomes with IPDs at the 2-year follow-up (SMD = −3.94; 95% CI: −11.72 to 3.85). Range of motion (ROM) was better preserved with IPDs compared to fusion (SMD = 0.00, 95% CI: −0.41 to 0.41, p = 1.00, I2 = 60%). The visual analogue scale or VAS lower back pain scores were significantly reduced at the 2-year follow-up (SMD = −0.69, 95% CI: −1.18 to −0.19, p = 0.006, and I2 = 74%). VAS leg pain showed consistent improvements (SMD = −0.29; 95% CI: −0.63 to 0.04). Intraoperative blood loss was significantly lower with IPDs (SMD = −2.07; 95% CI: −3.27 to −0.87, p = 0.0007, and I2 = 95%), and operation times were shorter (SMD = −2.22, 95% CI: −3.31 to −1.12, p < 0.0001, and I2 = 94%). Conclusions: The judicious use of IPDs might benefit a subset of patients, particularly those who are not suitable candidates for major corrective surgery.
Clinical Examination, Diagnosis, and Conservative Treatment of Chronic Low Back Pain: A Narrative Review
Authors: Custers Paulien , Van de Kelft Erik , Eeckhaut Bart , Sabbe Wouter , Hofman An , Debuysscher Annick , Van Acker Gilles , Maes Gaethan
Published: August 2024

Chronic low back pain is one of the most frequent reasons for medical consultation. It is important to make the correct diagnosis to select the most appropriate treatment in a stepwise approach. In this narrative review, we focus on the clinical examination, the diagnosis, and the conservative treatment of chronic non-specific low back pain. Belgian guidelines for low back pain were used as a basis, followed by a snowball search starting from two articles. Besides that, the Cochrane database was consulted using the following research areas: “multidisciplinary biopsychosocial rehabilitation”, “physical examination of lumbar spine”, and “rehabilitation back pain”. Lastly, we took information from three handbooks. The diagnosis of low back pain starts with a thorough history, including red, yellow, orange, black, and blue flags. Physical, neurological, sensory, and motor testing is performed and complemented with specific tests for low back pain. With a focus on the conservative treatment, pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments are possible. For CNSLBP, conservative management is advised, starting with reassurance and clear patient education about the condition. While additional treatments, such as manipulation, massage, and acupuncture, can be considered, their effectiveness is not well supported by evidence. Our center emphasizes exercise within a multidisciplinary biopsychosocial rehabilitation program, and although evidence for this approach is limited, we have seen positive outcomes, including improved mobility, strength, and higher return-to-work rates, particularly with the David Spine Concept (DSC).
Pre-Operative Mechanical Bowel Preparation Does Not Affect the Impact of Anastomosis Leakage in Left-Side Colorectal Surgery—A Single Center Observational Study
Authors: Danihel Ludovít , Cerny Marian , Dropco Ivor , Zrnikova Petra , Schnorrer Milan , Smolar Marek , Misanik Miloslav , Durdik Stefan
Published: August 2024

Despite rapid advances in colorectal surgery, morbidity and mortality rates in elective gastrointestinal surgery play a significant role. For decades, there have been tempestuous discussions on preventative measures to minimize the risk of anastomotic dehiscence. When mechanical bowel preparation before an elective procedure, one of the key hypotheses, was introduced into practice, it was assumed that it would decrease the number of infectious complications and anastomotic dehiscence. The advancements in antibiotic treatment supported the concomitant administration of oral antibiotics and mechanical bowel preparation. In the prospective study conducted at our clinic, we performed left-side colorectal procedures without prior mechanical preparation. All patients enrolled in the study underwent the surgery and were observed in the 3rd Surgical Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia, from January 2019 to January 2020. As a control group, we used a similar group of patients with MBP. Our observed group included 87 patients with tumors in the left part of their large intestine (lineal flexure, descendent colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum). Dixon laparoscopic resection was performed in 26 patients. Sigmoid laparoscopic resection was performed in 27 patients. In 12 patients, the procedure was started laparoscopically but had to be converted due to adverse anatomical conditions. The conservative approaches mostly included Dixon resections (19 patients), sigmoid colon resections (5 patients), left-side hemicolectomies (6 patients), and Miles’ tumor resections, with rectal amputation (4 patients). Our study highlighted the fact that MBP does not have an unequivocal benefit for patients with colorectal infection, which has an impact on the development of anastomotic dehiscence.
Photovoice and Health Perception in a Group of Early-Career Nurses
Authors: Lickiewicz Jakub , Kolb Bettina , Piątek Jadwiga , Lorenz Laura S.
Published: August 2024

Background. Nurses’ perceptions of health are essential to decision making and communicating with clients. However, little is known about their own perceptions of this phenomenon. This study focuses on health-related beliefs among young nurses enrolled in a master’s-level nursing program using a modified photovoice methodology. Methods. The study population was 87 nurses undergoing a master’s degree in nursing at Jagiellonian University Medical College in Krakow, Poland, participating in an obligatory health psychology course. For the modified photovoice activity, the participants took three photos related to their perceptions of (1) health, (2) health protective factors, and (3) health risk factors. The data interpretation involved a thematic analysis of these photos and captions; a narrative analysis to distinguish between documentary and symbolic photos; and a descriptive analysis of the photo production. Results. Eighty-seven students completed the photography assignment. The mean age was 22.1 years (SD = 1.1). Most photos (91%) documented real-life health behaviours. Some photos (9%) used everyday objects such as sunflowers to create symbols related to health. A photo series showed a model of the human brain in different environments and activities. Conclusions. Student participation in the photovoice activity appeared to strengthen observation and interpretation skills, which are essential to client care. Students used this opportunity to reflect on their own lives and environments and show their perceptions of health, health protective factors, and health risks. The activity planted seeds for changes in students’ health perceptions and critical thinking. Future research could explore whether participation in a modified photovoice activity as experiential learning in a required health psychology course contributes to changes in master’s-level nursing students’ personal health behaviours and client care.
Utilizing States of Polarization in One-Dimensional Corite Codes with Two-Code Keying for Optical Code-Division Multiple Access
Authors: Yeh Bih-Chyun
Published: August 2024

We propose a novel family of codes comprising two mutually orthogonal states of polarization (SOPs) for the spectral encoding of one-dimensional (1D) Corite codes with two-code keying (TCK) for use in the spectral amplitude coding (SAC) of optical code-division multiple access (OCDMA) networks. We design these 1D Corite codes with TCK to create a specific code operation function, an encoding optical transmitter structure, and a decoding optical receiver structure, respectively. In the proposed system, multi-user interference (MUI) can occur due to interference from other simultaneous users. However, we have modified the cross-correlation to cancel out the MUI. Although the proposed system recovers bits successfully, it still suffers from phase-induced intensity noise (PIIN). Our numerical results demonstrate that the proposed system using 1D Corite codes with TCK can support a larger number of simultaneous users than other systems that use 1D CTP codes with TCK, 1D M3 sequence codes, 1D BIBD codes, and 1D BDS codes with TCK. Specifically, the proposed system can support up to 48 simultaneous users, which is a notable improvement. Our numerical results indicate that the proposed system using 1D Corite codes with TCK can achieve a data transmission rate of up to 2.5 Gbps, which is a significant improvement.
Structuring Bureaucratic Performance? Assessing the Policy Impact of Environmental Agency Design
Authors: Woods Neal D.
Published: August 2024

Recent research suggests that the structural design of American state environmental agencies impacts their performance, with agencies that combine environmental protection with other functions like public health or natural resource management regulating pollution emissions less stringently than those that focus exclusively on environmental protection. Using a set of panel data models, this study assesses this claim across several major U.S. environmental programs, including those regulating air pollution, water pollution, and hazardous waste. The results are mixed. Though support for the agency structure hypothesis is found in some models, taken together, the findings tend to refute the notion that an environmental agency’s structure has systematic, predictable impacts on its regulatory performance across programs and regulatory activities. Rather, they suggest that the effects of agency design may be more nuanced and context-dependent than articulations of this theory commonly suggest.
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN SANITARY HYGIENE AND THE PRESENCE OF BACTERIA SUCH AS Escherichia coli AND Salmonella sp. IN BRANDED AND UNBRANDED BOBA DRINKS IN MALANG CITY
Authors: Maysaroh Siti , Susetyarini Rr Eko , Permana Fendy Hardian
Published: August 2024

Boba drink is a variant of a drink that is currently popular in Malang City. Boba drinks have the potential to be a source of disease transmission such as diarrhea if the presentation, storage, and processing of drinks do not apply proper hygiene and sanitation. Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. is a pathogenic bacterium that can cause diarrhea because it can enter the human body.. The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation between sanitary hygiene and the presence of bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp., in branded and unbranded boba drinks in Malang City. The research method employed is observational using a quantitative research approach, and the sample strategy is Cluster Random Sampling. The Product Moment correlation test were used to analyse the data. The presence of bacteria Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp., was discovered in unbranded boba drinks in Malang City. The results of the statistical tests show that there is a significant correlation between sanitation hygiene variables and the presence of bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp., in branded and unbranded boba drinks in Malang City. Based on the research obtained, in order for boba drinks consumed to be free from bacterial contamination, further tests need to be carried out on the correct and qualified processing of boba drinks.
Isolasi Jamur Capnodium sp. Penyebab Penyakit Embun Jelaga pada Tanaman Jambu Air (Syzygium aqueum)
Authors: Sirwati Fadila
Published: August 2024

Jambu air atau dalam bahasa ilmiah Syzygium aqueum termasuk ke dalam Famili Myrtaceae yang banyak dibudidayakan di Indonesia. Salah satu permasalahan dalam membudidayakan jambu air adalah daunnya yang rentan diserang penyakit embun jelaga yang disebabkan kutu. Penyakit embun jelaga disebabkan oleh jamur Capnodium sp. yang memiliki miselium berwarna hitam dan menutupi permukaan daun jambu air. Penelitian ini termasuk ke dalam penelitian deskriptif, dengan melakukan pengisolasian embun jelaga pada daun S. aqueum. Pengamatan penelitian meliputi karakteristik morfologi jamur Capnodium sp. secara makroskopis dan mikroskopis. Pengamatan secara makroskopis memperlihatkan warna permukaan Capnodium sp. berwarna hitam pada bagian tengah dan putih pada bagian tepi, warna dasar hitam, dengan tekstur permukaan kasar dan seperti kapas, koloni berbentuk bulat, tepi tidak rata dengan diameter 6 cm. Pengamatan secara mikroskopis memperlihatkan hifa bersekat dan berwarna gelap. Capnodium sp. memiliki hifa berbentuk silinder dan percabangan polipodial. Terdapat konidia berbentuk oval sebagai reproduksi aseksual, dan perithecium sebagai reproduksi seksual.
PROBLEMS OF THE ISLAMIC WORLD ECONOMY
Authors: Asmawi Mohammad
Published: August 2024

Masalah ekonomi yang ke lima adalah taraf kemiskinan yang begitu tinggi. Akibatnya, suplai produk tidak terbeli yang mengakibatkan perputaran uang tidak maksimal.
Semakin tinggi tingkat kemiskinan, tentu daya beli masyarakat akan ikut merendah. Akibatnya, perekonomian tidak meningkat. Trend pasar juga lesu. Bahkan perusahaan akan gulung tikar karena tidak ada lagi orang yang membeli produknya.
Maka dari itu, kemiskinan adalah masalah ekonomi yang harus dientaskan secepat mungkin. Ini tidak hanya berhubungan dengan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Tetapi juga perekonomian negara yang paling tidak membutuhkan pasokan pajak dari rakyatnya.
Apa jadinya dengan negara jika perusahaan banyak yang gulung tikar, masyarakatnya juga tidak memiliki daya beli yang baik. Bukan tidak mungkin negara tersebut juga bakal bubar karena krisis moneter yang parah.
Inflasi juga permasalahan ekonomi yang harus dicari solusinya. Karena ini bisa memicu daya beli masyarakat mengalami penurunan.
Bagaimana tidak, saat inflasi semua harga naik termasuk harga kebutuhan pokok masyarakat. Jika ini tidak disertai dengan pendapatan yang juga tinggi, tentu produk tersebut tidak akan terbeli. Yang ada stok menumpuk di perusahaan dan penyalur.
 
Jika ini berlaku terus menerus, tentu tren pasar menjadi lesu, perekonomian juga lumpuh. Lain soal jika inflasi juga diiringi oleh kenaikan pendapatan rakyat, mungkin daya beli masyarakat masih lumayan ideal.
APPLICATION OF ISLAMIC INHERITANCE LAW AMONG MUSLIM SOCIETY
Authors: Uyuni Badrah , Adnan Mohammad
Published: August 2024

Hukum yang membahas tentang peralihan harta dalam ilmu hukum disebut hukum kewarisan atau biasa dikenal dengan istilah hukum faraidh, yaitu hukum yang mengatur cara-cara peralihan hak dari orang yang meninggal dunia kepada orang yang masih hidup, berdasarkan ketentuan al-Quran dan Sunnah Rasulullah SAW. Artikel ini memperbincangkan tentang bagaimana Islam telah menetapkan pembagian warisan kepada ahli waris berdasarkan ketetapan syar’i, dan kondisi bagaimana penerapan hukum waris Islam di tengah masyarakat. Di mana eksistensi hukum adat juga mengatur pembagian warisan kepada ahli waris berdasarkan adat yang berlaku pada masing-masing daerah. Kedua sistem hukum tersebut baik hukum Islam maupun hukum adat kedua-duanya meletakkan dasar persamaan hak serta dasar kerukunan dalam proses pelaksanaan pembagian warisan. Pewarisan menurut Hukum Islam mengatur mengenai asas-asas pewarisan, syarat dan rukun waris, ahli waris, dan pengaturan mengenai besaran bagian warisan yang diterima ahli waris. Bersumber dari Al-Qur’an, hadist, ijma’ dan ijtihad. Serta dalam perkembangannya hukum waris di Indonesia dari zaman sebelum masa penjajahan, kerajaan dan kesultanan itu menerapkan hukum waris sebagai hukum yang hidup (living law) di masyarakat sekaligus menjadi budaya hukum Indonesia pada masanya. Artikel ini merupakan studi kualitatif yang meneliti berbagai macam literatur seputar ilmu waris Islam dan fenomena sosiologis yang menjabarkan problematika masyarakat untuk menerapkan hukum waris berdasarkan syariat Islam.
FACTORS AFFECTING COMMUNITY'S INTEREST TO SHOPPING AT 212 MART
Authors: Maualan Reza , Musa Muhammad
Published: August 2024

Keberadaan bisnis ritel modern menjadi semakin penting karena adanya pergeseran pola belanja masyarakat yang lebih suka berbelanja di pasar ritel modern seperti mini market, supermarket, ataupun hypermart. Perkembangan bisnis ritel semakin meningkat, hal ini bisa dilihat dari berbagai macam jenis ritel yang mulai timbul, baik bisnis ritel asing dan juga bisnis ritel domestik seperti Indomaret, Alfamart, Alfamidi, Circel K, 7 Eleven, Lottemart, Pamella, Carefour dan sebagainya. Dengan adanya berbagai macam bisnis ritel yang berkembang, menjadikan persaingan bisnis ritel yang sangat ketat. Pemilihan strategi yang tepat sangat berperan penting dalam menghadapi persaingan bisnis yang sangat ketat. Setiap ritel memiliki strategi yang berbeda, mulai dari proses perencanaan strategi hingga sampai kepada penerapan strategi. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi minat belanja masyarakat di Gerai 212 Mart Galaxi Bekasi yaitu: Suasana toko yang bagus, sanga trapi, disretai dengan musik Murrotal, Nasyid, ataupu Qhasidah sehingga konsumen terasa nyaman dan mudah dalam berbelanja. Teknik promosi yang sangat baik sehingga konsumen tertarik dalam berbelanj. Produk yang di jual sangat baik dan berkualitas, serta pelayanan pada Gerai 212 Mart Galaxi yang dirasakan sudah sangat baik karena pelayanannya sangat ramah dan sopan santun. Dan teampat yang strategis berada di tengah-tengah pemukiman dan dekat dengan jalan raya sehingga mudah untuk dijangkau oleh masyarakat sekitar maupun oleh para orang yang dalam perjalanan.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi 212 Mart dalam meningkatkan minat belanja telah mampu dilakukan dengan baik. Hal ini mengandung implikasi bahwa Strategi memiliki peranan yang sangat penting bagi pencapaian tujuan, karena strategi memberikan arah tindakan, dan cara bagaimana tindakan tersebut harus dilakukan agar tujuan yang diinginkan tercapai. Melalui strategi yang tepat, maka diharapkan dapat meningkatkan minat masyarakat berbelanja di Gerai 212 Mart Galaxi.
SHARIA ECONOMY: THE FOUNDATION OF PEOPLE'S ECONOMY
Authors: Sajadi Dahrun
Published: August 2024

One of cases was the poorness of people in Indonesia more than half of its population, then in this article tries to find system of economic in Indonesian country first, so describes the value of Islamic sharia economics and internalized it in Indonesia economic system. Islam as the last religion revealed by Allah SWT has many tools to anticipate and solve contemporary problems occurring in the global era. Al-Quran and al-Sunnah as the main sources of Islamic law provide tools to make Islamic teachings always suitable for all time, namely by Islamic sharia economic can solve any economic problem in Indonesia, as As-Shidiqy said, that “Islamic economic is the muslim thinkers response to the economic challenges of their time. In this endeavourers they were aided by the Quran and the Sunnah as well as by reason and experience”.  
Salah satu permasalah di Indonesia adalah kemiskinan penduduk di yang dirasakan oleh lebih dari separuh penduduknya. Artikel ini mencoba untuk menemukan sistem ekonomi di negara Indonesia terlebih dahulu, sehingga menggambarkan nilai ekonomi syariah Islam dan diinternalisasikan dalam sistem ekonomi Indonesia. Islam sebagai agama terakhir yang diwahyukan oleh Allah SWT memiliki banyak sarana untuk mengantisipasi dan memecahkan persoalan kontemporer yang terjadi di era global. Al-Qur'an dan al-Sunnah sebagai sumber utama hukum Islam memberikan sarana agar ajaran Islam selalu sesuai sepanjang masa, yaitu dengan ekonomi syariah Islam dapat memecahkan setiap masalah ekonomi di Indonesia, sebagaimana dikatakan As-Shidiqy, bahwa “ekonomi Islam adalah respon para pemikir muslim terhadap tantangan ekonomi pada masanya. Dalam usaha ini mereka dibantu oleh Al-Quran dan As-Sunnah serta akal dan pengalaman”.
INFLUENCE OF PRODUCT PRICE AND SERVICE QUALITY ON THE INTEREST OF SHARIA RETAIL CONSUMERS
Authors: Annisa Rizki , Lubis Zulkarnain , Permana Eka Ramdan
Published: August 2024

TipTop is a modern retail business that is based on Islamic law both in terms of setting prices and services provided. With sharia principles, TipTop has succeeded in becoming the second ranked Top Brand for the last three years. This study aims to determine the effect of price and service quality on consumer interest in TipTop Pondok Bambu, using a quantitative approach and for this research sample was taken using the slovin formula with a sample of 100 consumers. The technique of collecting research data was collected using a questionnaire or questionnaire. With data analysis techniques Instrument Test (validity & Reliability), Classical Assumption Test (Normality, Multicollinearity & Heteroscedasticity) Model Test (Multiple Linear Regression, Coefficient of Determination (R2), Persian Correlation) Hypothesis Testing (T Test and F Test). Management of data in this study using software SPSS Version 16.0 for windows. From the results of data management the Classical Assumption test is normal, from the test results (T) the price has a sig value of 0.000 <0.05 which means it has a significant effect on consumer interest, from the test results (F) both have a significant effect simultaneously on consumer interest with the same value. sig of 0.000 <0.05 and from the results of the Coefficient of Determination Test the value of Rsquere is 0.688, which means that the price and quality of service have a strong relationship of 68.8% to consumer interest while the remaining 32.2 is influenced by other variables.
EFEKTIVITAS PENERAPAN PRINSIP GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE PADA BSI KCP JAKARTA
Authors: Garini Amelia Ardhya , Lubis Zulkarnain
Published: August 2024

Bank Syariah dapat dikatakan sebagai “Agent Of Trust” yang artinya dalam menjalankan kegiatan usahanya dalam menghimpun dan menyalurkan dana, bank melakukannya atas dasar kepercayaan dari masyarakat. Hal ini berkaitan dengan Good corporate governance atau sistem Tata Kelola perusahaan yang baik. Karena semakin kinerja suatu perusahaan, maka semakin baik citra bank dimata masyarakat atau nasabah. Pada prinsipnya, ada lima elemen utama yang menjadi komponen penyusun (GCG). Prinsip-prinsip umum (GCG) meliputi transparansi, akuntabilitas, responsibilitas, independensi, dan kesetaraan atau keadilan. Pada prakteknya (GCG) adalah hal yang sangat penting dalam memaksimalkan kinerja perusahaan. Mendorong perusahaan untuk menciptakan sistem tata Kelola perusahaan yang professional, efektif, transparan dan efisien. Hal ini bertujuan untuk memberikan perlindungan yang efektif bagi pihak perusahaan, investor, dan kreditur sehingga akan meminimalisir terjadinya kerugian atau fraud. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif dengan menggambarkan permasalahan yang di dasari dengan data yang di dapat dari hasil observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa BSI KCP Jakarta Gd. ASABRI telah Efektif dalam menerapkan kelima Prinsip (GCG) dengan baik sesuai dengan Prinsip Syariah dan Pedoman (GCG) karena diawasi oleh BI dan OJK serta Dewan Pengawas Syariah.
ANALISIS PROFITABILITAS PERBANKAN SYARIAH DENGAN NET INTEREST MARGIN SEBAGAI VARIABEL MEDIASI
Authors: Santhuso Agus , Herawati Heny , Karimah Aam
Published: August 2024

Most people depend on financial services in their daily lives,therefore the survival of the banking industry is very important. The purpose of this study was analisis Profitability  the effect of Fund Gap, Liquidity, and Efficiency Level with Net Interest Margin as a mediating variable for Bank Muamalat Indonesia for the 2014-2022 Period. This study uses a type of quantitative research using path analysis as data analysis. This study uses secondary data taken from quarterly financial reports I, II, III, IV which include Return On Asset (ROA), Net Interest Margin (NIM), Fund Gap (GAP), Loan To Deposit Ratio (LDR) / Financing To Deposit Ratio (FDR), and Operating Expenses Operating Income (BOPO) for the period 2014 to 2022. The data that has been obtained is then analyzed using the Eviews version 10 tool. The results showed that GAP has an insignificant positive  on Net Interest Margin (NIM) but a significant negative  on Return On Asset (ROA). While Liquidity (LDR) has a significant positive  on Net Interest Margin (NIM) but has an insignificant positive  on Return On Asset (ROA) and Efficiency Level (BOPO) has a significant negative  on Net Interest Margin (NIM) but has an insignificant positive  on Return On Asset (ROA). For Net Interest Margin (NIM) has a significant positive  on Return On Asset (ROA). The results of path analysis show that Net Interest Margin (NIM) cannot mediate  of Fund Gap on Profitability and Efficiency Level, but Net Interest Margin (NIM) can mediate  of Liquidity on Profitability.
MENGINISIASI ASURANSI PERDAGANGAN KARBON SYARIAH
Authors: Musa Muhammad
Published: August 2024

Sharia insurance can play an important role in supporting carbon trading and managing risks related to climate change, for example, from the seller's side, insurance can protect the business activities of private parties or governments that carry out carbon sequestration. For example, forest replanting insurance, renewabelle energy, and so on. Then insurance and reinsurance companies can also play a role on the buyer's side. However, because buyers are carbon emitters, incentives are needed for them to change their activities to be more environmentally friendly. Although if you look at current practices abroad, the insurance industry actually reduces insurance cover incentives for activities that damage the environment.
The role of sharia insurance in carbon trading not only includes financial protection, but can also help build sustainability and social responsibility in this sector. In the context of sharia insurance, transactions must comply with sharia principles, such as the prohibition of usury and immeasurable uncertainty (gharar) such as uncertainty in aspects of quality, quantity and price.
PERAN GURU PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DALAM MEMBINA KESEHATAN MENTAL SISWA MAN 2 JAKARTA
Authors: Sya'ban Ziyah Fadilatus , Sutiono Sutiono , Soraya Syarifah
Published: August 2024

). Students' attitudes and behavior that are not in accordance with school norms are a reflection of the mental health of teenagers, so as an educator, a PAI teacher has the role of leading teenagers towards the gates of success to become a generation of high spiritual quality until they achieve a healthy mentality that can bring goodness to those around them. The aim of this research is to determine the role of Islamic religious education teachers in fostering the mental health of MAN 2 Jakarta students and what factors influence Islamic religious education teachers in fostering students' mental health. This research uses qualitative methods (field research) or field research by obtaining data that naturally describes the behavior of the object being studied. Data collection procedures through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques include data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The problem of this research was answered with the results of the role of Islamic religious education teachers in fostering the mental health of MAN 2 Jakarta students, namely; learning process (1) as an educator, providing a good example, (2) as a teacher creating an effective and enjoyable learning atmosphere, (3) as a mentor, helping students overcome learning difficulties, (4) as an advisor, providing advice to students who have problems with good way. As for fostering mental health using a preventive approach; instilling Islamic values ​​in students, getting used to worship, and educating of commendable morals. And through a repressive approach; punishment/punishment and appreciation. Among the factors that influence Islamic religious education teachers in fostering students' mental health are excessive use of gadgets, lack of parental role in supervising and controlling children, and the influence of friends.
Pengaruh Agama bagi Penderita Diabetes Mellitus dalam Menjalani Kehidupan
Authors: Antoni Adi , Ahmad Haslinah , Hadi Anto J. , AA Abdullah
Published: August 2024

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a non-communicable disease that is targeted for action by world leaders. DM is part of a hyperglycaemia syndrome that can cause various complaints. Spiritual and religious beliefs (Religion) can help in providing support, confidence, and hope in overcoming chronic diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of religion on Diabetes Mellitus Patients related to the patient's relationship with God. The type of research is qualitative with Phenomenological study research design.Participants numbered 6 people, the sampling technique of this study was purposive sampling.The results obtained in the form of themes discussed linking theory and previous research.In this study all respondents have different perspectives and backgrounds so that they have different responses. The themes determined based on the results of the interview are 3 themes that describe the Religious Experience of Diabetes Mellitus Patients. These themes are (1) Sources of strength in dealing with DM disease, (2) Obstacles in carrying out worship, (3) Hope in undergoing DM. The conclusion of this study is that Diabetes mellitus patients have a close relationship with religiosity as a source of strength and hope for the desire for healing from diabetes mellitus they suffer from to continue living.