bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Blockade of IL-18Rα-mediated signaling pathway exacerbates neutrophil infiltration in imiquimod-induced psoriasis murine model
Authors: Akazawa Hiroki , Nozaki Yuji , Yamazawa Hirotaka , Ishimura Kaori , Ashida Chisato , Okada Akinori , Kinoshita Koji , Matsumura Itaru
Published: October 2023

Psoriasis is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease of the skin, which is characterized by epidermal hyperkeratosis and neutrophil infiltration. The interleukin (IL)-17/IL-23 pathway and associated cytokines play major roles in the pathogenesis and exacerbation of psoriasis. The IL-18/IL-18 receptor (R) α signaling pathway is important for Th1 cytokine production and differentiation of Th1 cells; however, its role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of the IL-18Rα-mediated signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of psoriasis in Il18ra-deficient mice (Il18ra−/−) and wild-type imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriatic dermatitis model mice. Blocking this pathway exacerbated IMQ-induced psoriatic skin inflammation. Il18ra deficiency led to significant increases in the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17A, IL-23, and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 in skin lesions. Gr1-positive cells highly infiltrated psoriatic skin lesions in Il18ra−/− mice compared to those in wild-type mice. Citrullinated histone H3-positive area was relatively broad in Il18ra−/− mice. These results suggest that IL-18Rα-mediated signaling pathways may inhibit psoriatic skin inflammation by regulating infiltration and activation of neutrophil and other innate immune cells.
Alkyl gallates inhibit serine O-acetyltransferase in bacteria and enhance susceptibility of drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria to antibiotics
Authors: Toyomoto Touya , Ono Katsuhiko , Shiba Tomoo , Momitani Kenta , Zhang Tianli , Tsutsuki Hiroyasu , Ishikawa Takeshi , Hoso Kanae , Hamada Koma , Rahman Azizur , Wen Liping , Maeda Yosuke , Yamamoto Keiichi , Matsuoka Masao , Hanaoka Kenjiro , Niidome Takuro , Akaike Takaaki , Sawa Tomohiro
Published: October 2023

A principal concept in developing antibacterial agents with selective toxicity is blocking metabolic pathways that are critical for bacterial growth but that mammalian cells lack. Serine O-acetyltransferase (CysE) is an enzyme in many bacteria that catalyzes the first step in l-cysteine biosynthesis by transferring an acetyl group from acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) to l-serine to form O-acetylserine. Because mammalian cells lack this l-cysteine biosynthesis pathway, developing an inhibitor of CysE has been thought to be a way to establish a new class of antibacterial agents. Here, we demonstrated that alkyl gallates such as octyl gallate (OGA) could act as potent CysE inhibitors in vitro and in bacteria. Mass spectrometry analyses indicated that OGA treatment markedly reduced intrabacterial levels of l-cysteine and its metabolites including glutathione and glutathione persulfide in Escherichia coli to a level similar to that found in E. coli lacking the cysE gene. Consistent with the reduction of those antioxidant molecules in bacteria, E. coli became vulnerable to hydrogen peroxide-mediated bacterial killing in the presence of OGA. More important, OGA treatment intensified susceptibilities of metallo-β-lactamase-expressing Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae) to carbapenem. Structural analyses showed that alkyl gallate bound to the binding site for acetyl-CoA that limits access of acetyl-CoA to the active site. Our data thus suggest that CysE inhibitors may be used to treat infectious diseases caused by drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria not only via direct antibacterial activity but also by enhancing therapeutic potentials of existing antibiotics.
Hydrodynamic behavior and start-up performance of a periodic anaerobic baffled reactor in an “every second” switching manner treating traditional Chinese medicine wastewater
Authors: Liu Xiaolei , Yuan Yixing , Ren Nanqi
Published: October 2023

Most studies focus on the “clockwise sequential” switching manner for a four-compartment periodic anaerobic baffled reactor (PABR), while the exploration of the “every second” option on the feasibility for real industrial wastewater treatment is rarely reported. Hence, a PABR-treating traditional Chinese medicine wastewater was run continuously in “every second” switching manner with both switching period T and hydraulic residence time of 48 h. Satisfactory start-up performance was achieved during the operation of a climbing average organic load rate at approximately 1, 2, 4, and 6 kg chemical oxygen demand (COD) m−3 d−1 for 12, 24, 24, and 6 days, respectively. The average COD removal was 87.20% after the second lifting of OLR and 89.98% after the third one. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and its cluster analysis showed that the microbial communities in each compartment adapted their structure in response to the periodically changing micro-ecology conditions. Moreover, the residence time distribution test with tap water in the clean PABR was carried out in experiments and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation, both of which were in good agreement. The CFD model output visualized the flow velocity field and hydrodynamic-mass transport inside the PABR. Optimization of operation pattern in PABR including switching manner and frequency depended on both the type of waste being treated and the flexibility of biomass to periodically changing micro-ecology conditions.
Hemokinin-1 induces transcriptomic alterations in pain-related signaling processes in rat primary sensory neurons independent of NK1 tachykinin receptor activation
Authors: Takács-Lovász Krisztina , Aczél Timea , Borbély Éva , Szőke Éva , Czuni Lilla , Urbán Péter , Gyenesei Attila , Helyes Zsuzsanna , Kun József , Bölcskei Kata
Published: October 2023

The tachykinin hemokinin-1 (HK-1) is involved in immunological processes, inflammation, and pain. Although the neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R) is described as its main target, several effects are mediated by currently unidentified receptor(s). The role of HK-1 in pain is controversial, depending on the involvement of peripheral and central sensitization mechanisms in different models. We earlier showed the ability of HK-1 to activate the trigeminovascular system, but the mechanisms need to be clarified. Therefore, in this study, we investigated HK-1-induced transcriptomic alterations in cultured rat trigeminal ganglion (TRG) primary sensory neurons. HK-1 was applied for 6 or 24 h in 1 μM causing calcium-influx in these neurons, 500 nM not inducing calcium-entry was used for comparison. Next-generation sequencing was performed on the isolated RNA, and transcriptomic changes were analyzed to identify differentially expressed (DE) genes. Functional analysis was performed for gene annotation using the Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Reactome databases. NK1R and Neurokinin receptor 2 (NK2R) were not detected. Neurokinin receptor 3 (NK3R) was around the detection limit, which suggests the involvement of other NKR isoforms or other receptors in HK-1-induced sensory neuronal activation. We found protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) as DE genes in calcium signaling. The transmembrane protein anthrax toxin receptor 2 (ANTXR2), a potential novel pain-related target, was upregulated. Acid-sensing ion channel 1; 3 (Asic1,3), N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) glutamate receptors decreased, myelin production and maintenance related genes (Mbp, Pmp2, Myef2, Mpz) and GNDF changed by HK-1 treatment. Our data showed time and dose-dependent effects of HK-1 in TRG cell culture. Result showed calcium signaling as altered event, however, we did not detect any of NK receptors. Presumably, the activation of TRG neurons is independent of NK receptors. ANTXR2 is a potential new target, PAR-1 has also important role in pain, however their connection to HK-1 is unknown. These findings might highlight new targets or key mediators to solve how HK-1 acts on TRG.
Validation of candidate gene-based EST-SSR markers for sugar yield in sugarcane
Authors: Divakar S. , Jha Ratnesh Kumar , Kamat D. N. , Singh Ashutosh
Published: October 2023

Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is a widely cultivated crop that fulfils approximately 75% of the sucrose demand worldwide. Owing to its polyploidy and complex genetic nature, it is difficult to identify and map genes related to complex traits, such as sucrose content. However, association mapping is one of the alternatives for identifying genes or markers for marker-assisted selection. In the present study, EST-SSR primers were obtained from in silico studies. The functionality of each primer was tested using Blast2Go software, and 30 EST-SSR primers related to sugar content were selected. These markers were validated using association analysis. A total of 70 F1 diverse genotypes for sugar content were phenotypes with two check lines. All parameters related to sugar content were recorded. The results showed a significant variation between the genotypes for sugar yield traits such as Brix value, purity, and sucrose content, etc. Correlation studies revealed that the Brix%, sucrose content, and sucrose recovery were significantly correlated. An association analysis was performed using mixed linear model to avoid false positive associations. The association analysis revealed that the SEM 407 marker was significantly associated with Brix% and sucrose content. The SEM 407 primers are putatively related to diphosphate-fructose-6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase which is associated with Brix% and sucrose content. This functional marker can be used for marker-assisted selection for sugar yield traits in sugarcane that could accelerate the sugarcane breeding program.
Relationship of depression with empathy, emotional intelligence, and symptoms of a weakened immune system
Authors: Grases Gloria , Colom Maria Antonia , Sanchis Pilar , Grases Felix
Published: October 2023

Introduction

Previous studies have used different individual scales to examine the relationship of depression with emotional intelligence, empathy, and immune-based diseases. In this study, we used a combination of psychometric scales to examine the relationships of depression with emotional intelligence (intrapersonal and interpersonal), empathy (affective and cognitive), and symptoms of weakened immune system.

Methods

This cross-sectional prospective study examined 158 volunteers (39 males and 119 females). A score of 10 or more on the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) was used to define depression. The Cognitive and Affective Empathy Test (TECA) was used to assess empathy, and the Profile of Emotional Competence (PEC) was used to assess the self-perception of intrapersonal and interpersonal competence. The symptoms of a weakened immune system (WIS) were assessed by measurements of permanent tiredness, frequent infections and colds, slow wound healing, persistent and recurrent diarrhea, recurring herpes, insomnia and difficulty sleeping, and dry eyes.

Results

The total PEC score and intrapersonal PEC score had negative correlations with depression, and the WIS score had a positive correlation with depression. The TECA score had no significant correlation with depression or the WIS score, but had positive correlations with the total PEC score, intrapersonal PEC score, and interpersonal PEC score.

Conclusion

The total PEC score, intrapersonal PEC score, and WIS score were significantly associated with depression. The TECA score was not significantly associated with depression or the WIS score. Our findings suggest that improving intrapersonal emotional skills may improve function of the immune system and reduce the symptoms of depression. We suggest that further studies examine the effect of targeted improvement of interpersonal skills (empathy) on depression.
Lawn or spontaneous groundcover? Residents’ perceptions of and preferences for alternative lawns in Xianyang, China
Authors: Liang Huiyi , Li Cangshuan , Xue Denggao , Liu Jiangnan , Jin Kedi , Wang Yuebin , Gao Dongyang , Chen Yingyuan , Li Yapeng , Qiu Ling , Gao Tian
Published: October 2023

Within urban green spaces, spontaneous groundcovers, as potential alternatives for traditional lawns, have garnered attention due to their ecological adaptability. However, little attention has been paid to whether spontaneous groundcovers can serve as suitable replacements for lawns in terms of the aesthetic values and human preferences for each. Based on questionnaires accompanied by photo elicitation, this study explored the perceptions of and preferences for seven kinds of lawns and six kinds of spontaneous groundcovers in China. The effects of social backgrounds on people’s perceptions of and preferences for ground covers were also analyzed. The results indicated a general equivalence in preferences for the lawn and spontaneous groundcover. The Taraxacum mongolicum – Cynodon dactylon – Conyza canadensis community was significantly preferred most among all of the selected ground covers. Spontaneous groundcovers were regarded as more natural, wild, variable, and species-richer compared to lawns, while lawns were perceived as better kept than spontaneous groundcovers. Ground covers were preferred which were perceived to have high ecological aesthetic value and low wildness. Industry and attention to herbaceous plants mostly affected human perceptions and preferences among the social background factors, and gender, age, education level, and occupation also had significant effects. The results thus provide the support for the application of spontaneous groundcovers in moderately developed cities, but such application should consider the comprehensive development of ecological aesthetic value and the applicability of different groups of residents.
The prevalence of urolithiasis in subjects undergoing computer tomography in selected referral diagnostic centers in Mogadishu, Somalia
Authors: Dirie Najib Isse , Adam Mohamed Hussein , Garba Bashiru , Dahie Hassan Abdullahi , Sh. Nur Maryan Abdullahi , Mohamed Fartun Yasin , Mohamud Abdirahman Khalif , Hassan Jihaan
Published: October 2023

Introduction and objectives

Somalia was predicted to be in the global stone belt with high urolithiasis prevalence. We aimed to determine the prevalence of urolithiasis and their demographic and computer tomography (CT) characteristics among subjects under CT scans in Mogadishu, Somalia. Materials and Methods: From March 2014 to November 2022, a total of 7,276 patients who underwent an abdominopelvic non-contrast CT scan for various indications were retrospectively reviewed. The mean age was 45.6 years with a standard deviation of 21.1 (range, 0.2–110 years). Patients were subdivided into two categories: adults (≥18 years) and pediatric (≤17 years).

Results

Of the 7,276 patients, 1,075 (14.8%) were diagnosed with urolithiasis. Among those with urolithiasis, 702 (65.3%) were male patients, and 373 (34.7%) were female patients. Among them, adults accounted for 92.7%, while children were 7.3%. Renal stones (nephrolithiasis) were the most common, representing 57% followed by ureteric stones at 35.5%, making upper urinary stones 92.5%. Approximately 70 patients (6.5%) had bladder stones; of these, 26 of them (37%) were accompanied by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). There were 10 urethral stones (0.9%) recorded in the study, all were found in male patients, 8 localized in prostatic urethra, and 2 in the bulbar urethra. The overall mean stone size was 13.2 mm, and 60% of them ranged from 5 to 22 mm. Only 24% of the patients were asymptomatic. Single stones were almost 70%, while staghorn calculi were 8.2%. More than 60% of the patients with urolithiasis showed some degree of hydronephrosis ranging between mild to severe.

Conclusion

A CT scan-based urolithiasis prevalence indicates 14.8% in Mogadishu, Somalia, and these results are consistent with the probability calculation of the weights-of-evidence (WofE) methodology based on several risk factors including temperature, climate change, mineral deposit, drinking water quality, and distribution of carbonated rocks. Considering the high prevalence of the disease, Somalia needs to invest more in prevention and treatment facilities while also training urologists that are capable of utilizing minimally invasive techniques in the country.
Case report: Analysis of a case of hydrogen sulfide poisoning in a waste treatment plant
Authors: Genjiafu Aerbusili , Shi Mengdi , Zhang Xiangxing , Jian Xiangdong
Published: October 2023

This paper summarizes and analyzes the clinical data of a patient with Occupational hydrogen sulfide poisoning admitted to our hospital on March 4, 2023. On the morning of March 2, 2023, the patient worked at an environmental energy company (waste treatment plant) in Shandong Province for the first time, The job was to flush the sludge from the walls of the sludge treatment tank (anaerobic tank) with a water gun, which can release hydrogen sulfide gas. When the patient was about to start work after entering the tank for about 1 min, he suddenly smelled a harsh and pungent odor, felt dizzy and weak, and then the patient suddenly fainted. After hearing the sound of the patient fainting, the workman waiting at the entrance of the tank immediately called someone to go into the tank and quickly pull the patient out, and sent to the local hospital. In the local hospital, the patient was confused, accompanied by irritability, convulsion and other manifestations, and was treated with sedation and nutritional support. Two days later, the patient’s condition did not improve. For further diagnosis and treatment, the patient was transferred to the Department of Poisoning and Occupational Diseases in our hospital. After comprehensive treatment in our hospital, the patient got better and was discharged. Subsequent reexamination and follow-up showed that the patient recovered well. The work unit of the patient did not provide any personal protective equipment. According to the field investigation after the accident, the pipeline around the sludge treatment tank was blocked by sludge, resulting in a large amount of high concentration of H2S accumulated in the tank, causing the patient to faint soon after entering the tank, and his worker should be in the tank for a short time, and no health abnormalities were found. Hydrogen sulfide has a strong irritation to the human body, which can lead to asphyxia or even death in severe cases. The safety prevention and prevention knowledge of hydrogen sulfide poisoning should be popularized among enterprises and workers to reduce the occurrence of such incidents.
Hospital admission is associated with disability and late musculoskeletal pain in individuals with long COVID
Authors: Neto Ricardo Bezerra Duarte , Reis Luis Felipe Fonseca , Ferreira Arthur de Sá , Alexandre Dângelo José de Andrade , Almeida Renato Santos de
Published: October 2023

Background

The acute clinical repercussions of SARS-CoV-2 infection have been widely studied. However, the possible late repercussions of long COVID have not yet been well defined in the literature.

Objectives

To identify the presence of pain and musculoskeletal disability in patients with Long COVID and also to identify predictive factors for pain intensity in this population.

Methods

In this cross-sectional and retrospective observational study individuals with Long COVID symptoms were included. It was collected musculoskeletal disability measures, data from patient-related outcome measures and variables from a COVID-19 outpatient service database. Associations and sub-group analyses were performed considering the variables pain, disability and hospitalization. Linear regression was performed to identify predictive factors for pain intensity in Long COVID patients.

Results

We evaluated 195 patients and most of them (57%) presented musculoskeletal pain in one area of the body. Pain sub-group presented worse disability indices and worse clinical course during hospitalization. Hospitalized patients presented worse disability indices comparing to non-hospitalized. Significant correlations were found between pain and days of non-invasive oxygen support (r = 0.21; p = 0.003); days in intensive care unit (r = 0.22; p = 0.002) and days in invasive mechanical ventilation (r = 0.35; p = 0.001). Hospitalized individuals showed a higher chance of presenting late musculoskeletal pain (OR = 1.42: 95%CI 1.09–2.04). Days in intensive care unit (β = 0,234: P = 0,001) and days in invasive mechanical ventilation (β = 0.764: P = 0.001) were predictors of pain intensity [F(2,192) = 18.559; R2 = 0.231; p = 0.001].

Conclusion

Individuals with Long COVID presented musculoskeletal pain and disability. Hospitalized patients showed a greater chance of having musculoskeletal pain. Days in intensive care unit and days in invasive mechanical ventilation were predictors of late musculoskeletal pain intensity.
Immunization as an entry point for primary health care and beyond healthcare interventions—process and insights from an integrated approach in Lebanon
Authors: Kapuria Bhrigu , Hamadeh Randa S. , Mazloum Farah , Chaalan Kassem , Aung Kyaw , Higgins Ettie , Kanaan Wafaa , Tohme Tatiana , Kamal Doaa , Khoury Christina E. , Syed Sabin
Published: October 2023

Integrated healthcare systems are continually pitched as major contributors towards better distribution of health outcomes and enhanced well-being. Under emergency conditions, integrated healthcare services can guarantee better access to the target population. In recent years, several crises, i.e., economic collapse, the fuel crisis, the Beirut blast, a large refugee population, and the COVID-19 pandemic, in Lebanon have led to a major shift in the health-seeking behavior of the communities, with preventive services being downprioritized despite being available and curative healthcare services being sought out as late as possible. An extensive drop in immunization coverage and an overstretched public health system presents the risk of Vaccine-Preventable Disease outbreaks and urgent intervention is needed to bridge the immunity gap. The Ministry of Public Health, Lebanon, and UNICEF Lebanon successfully demonstrated the use of an immunization platform as an entry point to reach communities for service delivery, identification and referral, screening, awareness generation, and a host of other services that can be copied for other programs including but not limited to those for Maternal and Child health, nutrition, early childhood development, COVID-19, children with disabilities, social protection, education, health emergencies like cholera, etc., and these can provide bi-directional support to each other. UNICEF along with the MoPH (Ministry of Public Health) has been working towards reaching the most vulnerable population with a bouquet of services through existing immunization touchpoints for favorable healthcare outcomes.
Everolimus plus reduced calcineurin inhibitor prevents de novo anti-HLA antibodies and humoral rejection in kidney transplant recipients: 12-month results from the ATHENA study
Authors: Arns Wolfgang , Philippe Aurélie , Ditt Vanessa , Hauser Ingeborg A. , Thaiss Friedrich , Sommerer Claudia , Suwelack Barbara , Dragun Duska , Hillen Jan , Schiedel Christiane , Elsässer Anja , Nashan Björn
Published: October 2023

Background

Studies prospectively monitoring de novo donor-specific antibodies (dnDSAs) and their clinical impact are sparse. This substudy of ATHENA was initiated to evaluate the effect of everolimus (EVR) or mycophenolic acid (MPA) in combination with reduced calcineurin inhibitor (CNI, tacrolimus [TAC] or cyclosporine [CsA]) on the formation of human leukocyte antibodies (HLA), including dnDSA, and the impact on clinical outcomes in kidney transplant (KTx) recipients.

Methods

All eligible patients were randomized 1:1:1 to receive either EVR + TAC, EVR + CsA or MPA + TAC, with basiliximab induction plus steroids after transplantation up to Month 12. The incidence of dnDSA by treatment group and the association with clinical events were evaluated descriptively as an exploratory objective in the intent-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) populations with at least one antibody assessment.

Results

Overall, none of the patients in the EVR + TAC group had either dnDSA or antibody mediated rejection (PP or ITT population) and only one patient with dnDSA in the TAC + MPA group had antibody mediated rejection.

Conclusion

The EVR regimen was comparable to MPA regimen with an extremely low incidence of dnDSA over 1 year of treatment.
Escrita textual discursiva (ETD): uma poética do conhecimento
Authors: Serpa Ivan Carlos
Published: October 2023

O artigo expõe resultados de investigações a respeito da utilização de recursos literários na escrita acadêmica. O objetivo é demonstrar a necessidade de formas mais comunicativas que a escrita acadêmica pode assumir visando ampliar sua penetração em públicos diversos, especialmente nas gerações mais jovens. O referencial teórico-metodológico adotado foi o da análise textual discursiva (ATD), com foco nos conceitos de imaginação criadora de Bachelard. Os resultados obtidos apresentam a escrita textual discursiva (ETD) como possível contribuição ao método da ATD, complementando-lhe não apenas enquanto forma ou estilo de escrita, mas em sua dimensão epistemológica, colaborando com suas análises teóricas e metodológicas.
Violência policial diante da nova Lei de Abuso de Autoridade - Lei Federal n° 13.869, de 5 de setembro de 2019
Authors: Da Rosa Sinomar Alves
Published: October 2023

O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar a Nova Lei Contra o Abuso de Autoridade e a violência policial. Trata de um assunto relevante para a matéria penal, principalmente no que tange a atuação dos agentes públicos, qual seja a criação da Nova Lei de Abuso de Autoridade (Lei 13.898/2019), a qual veio para substituir a antiga Lei de nº 4.898/1965, esta criada ainda sob a égide do regime militar, além das alterações trazidas pelo Pacote Anticrime (Lei 13.964/2019), e como as referidas alterações impactam diretamente no ordenamento jurídico. O enfoque será demonstrar a evolução histórica das referidas legislações, ante a necessidade de que estas acompanhem as novas demandas da sociedade e à necessidade de salvaguardar os direitos humanos e fundamentais dos indivíduos; a criação de leis que sirvam como forma de delimitação às atividades exercidas pelos agentes da administração pública; a previsão de responsabilidades às quais estão sujeitas as autoridades quando, no exercício de suas atividades funcionais, que possam se desviar da legalidade, bem como o direito do cidadão de pleitear seus interesses contra abusos per elas cometidos.
Determining the Synergistic Effect of Magnetic Fields on the Induction of Apoptosis by Folic Acid Targeted Iron Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles Loaded With Lomustine on U87-MG Cell Line
Authors: Dastjerdi Zeinolabedin Shrifian , Kargar Abargouei Elias , Zamani Rarani Fahimeh , Eftekhar Ebrahim , Zamani Rarani Mohammad , Hooshyar Dariush , Afzalipour Reza
Published: October 2023

Background: Brain cancer is recognized as one of the deadliest cancers due to late detection and limitations of therapies. Glioblastoma occurs in different parts of the central nervous system and is the second leading cause of cancer death in people. There are many problems for the treatment of cancer cells. One of the limiting factors is the resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapy drugs. The use of nanoparticles (NPs) is an effective method for overcoming this problem. Materials and Methods: Fe3 O4 NPs were synthesized, and the size and morphology of NPs were determined by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Dynamic Light Scattering. The U87-MG cell line was cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium and treated with nano, nano-lomustine, lomustine, and complex with/without magnetic fields. Finally, half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50), MTT assay, and caspase8 and caspase9 expression were evaluated, and the data were analyzed with SPSS software. Results: Our results demonstrated that cell apoptosis increased in lomustine and complex groups, especially with the magnetic field (P>0.05). Based on caspase9 expression analysis, this rate was increased with the magnetic field vs. its absence (P>0.05). Conclusion: These findings indicated that a magnetic field, in addition to reducing the effective dose of lomustine, affects apoptosis with a change in the expression of genes involved in this process.
High Prevalence of Influenza A (H1N1 and H3N2) Infection in South Iran
Authors: Ahmadi Khadijeh , Gharibi Zahra , Gorgi Razieh , Gouklani Hamed
Published: October 2023

Background: Influenza A is divided into a number of subtypes, the most common of which are circulating H3N2 and H1N1. Influenza A and B viruses, which normally circulate in humans (human influenza viruses), are responsible for seasonal influenza pandemics each year. This study evaluated the prevalence of influenza in Hormozgan province and determined the type and subtypes of influenza circulating in the community. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted in a single center on 1237 patients with acute respiratory syndrome and flu-like symptoms in Hormozgan province, Iran from August 2022 to December 2022. Eventually, patients’ data such as the age, gender, and hospitalization rate of patients with influenza underwent investigation. Results: Out of a total of 1237 samples of patients, 349 (28.2%) cases were diagnosed with positive influenza and 888 (71.80%) cases were negative. Of 349 cases of positive influenza, 3 and 346 cases were diagnosed with influenza B and A, respectively. The results represented that out of a total of 349 positive cases of influenza, 216 (61.90%) and 133 (38.10%) people were hospitalized and visited as outpatients, respectively. Conclusion: From August 2022 to December 2022, Hormozgan province in the south of Iran witnessed an influenza peak with an increase in the prevalence of H1N1 and H3N2 subtypes. The dominant subtype of this peak was H3N2 influenza, but the prevalence of the H1N1 subtype also demonstrated a significant increase. Finally, the cases of hospitalization of patients with positive influenza represented an increase.
An Overview of the Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Its Diagnosis, and Management
Authors: Saha Avijit , Aich Shritama , Mukherjee Kheya , Kumar Sur Tapas , Ghosh Sandip , Vashisth Sanjay
Published: October 2023

Biochemical anomalies impairing the body’s normal metabolism are referred to as inborn errors of metabolism (IEM). Early diagnosis and management can avert the otherwise harmful situation that may occur due to inborn errors. Generally, their incidence can vary from one case in every 800 to 2500 cases. Thus, understanding the genetic defects behind the clinical presentation of the disease and their early management and treatment is the need of the hour. This review article gives an overall knowledge of the types of IEM, its pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of the disease.
EVALUASI KINERJA STRUKTUR GEDUNG KLINIK YULIANA MANOKWARI DENGAN ANALISIS BEBAN DORONG
Authors: Ohoilulin Veronika Y , Tethool Yoga Charol Vincenthius , Bakri Radinal
Published: October 2023

Manokwari City is the capital of West Papua Province and one of the provinces in Indonesia that faces a high risk of earthquakes. Therefore, earthquak resistant building structures are planned to reduce the risk of damage caused by earthquakes. Steel construction is one alternative structures used in medium to high rise buildings. In the development of earthquake resistant building, one of the methods used is performance based design with the pushover analysis, which can determine the structural collapse behavior due to earthquakes. This study focused on the Yuliana Manokwari Clinic Building, which was evaluated using a special concentric braced frame (SCBF) structure system with pushover analysis based on FEMA 440 and ATC-40. Based on the analysis and calculations carried out, the main beam dimension used was WF 300×200×8×12×18, column dimension was H 400×400×30×50×22, and bracing dimension was SHS 180×180×10×10×18. The capacity curve obtained was a lateral force value in the X direction of 14653.18 kN and a displacement of 0.152 m, and in the Y direction of 16155.45 kN and a displacement of 0.221 m. The structural performance level obtained was in the immediate occupancy (IO) and damage control (DO) categories. The damage index commentary obtained was that the structural performance level was moderate, and the dominant plastic hinge occurred in the bracing and beam. This indicates that the Yuliana Manokwari Clinic Building did not experience significant structural damage, and the risk of casualties was very low.

Keywords: Earthquake, Pushover Analysis, Steel Structure, Structural Performance, Plastic Hinge.
Kajian Kajian volume lalu lintas di Jl.H.M.Noerdin dengan membandingkan data pada tahun 2017 dan tahun 2021
Authors: Wardoyo Wali , Aminuddin Kiagus Muhammad , Ramadhani Ramadhani , Meidiani Srikirana
Published: October 2023

Pertumbuhan penduduk merupakan salah satu faktor yang sangat berpengaruh pada jumlah pengguna jalan. Kota Palembang termasuk kota metropolitan yang memiliki jumlah penduduk lebih dari 1,6 juta jiwa sehingga memungkinkan bertambahnya aktivitas pergerakan di jalan. Untuk menentukan kinerja suatu jalan maka diperlukan data volume lalu lintas harian. Penelitian yang dilakukan berada di Jalan H. M. Noerdin Pandji Kota Palembang dengan menggunakan metode survei dan pengamatan secara langsung selama 7 hari berturut-turut. Hasil pengamatan volume lalu lintas pada lokasi penelitian, terlihat bahwa jenis kendaraan yang mendominasi yaitu sepeda motor dengan jumlah 1125,68 smp/jam untuk arah bandara – kenten dan 751,32 smp/jam untuk arah kenten – bandara. Hasil perbandingan dengan data terdahulu, jumlah kendaraan ringan dan kendaraan berat tahun 2017 lebih tinggi dari tahun 2021 sedangkan untuk kendaraan jenis sepeda motor lebih pada tahun 2017 lebih sedikit dari tahun 2021.

Kata Kunci: TPA, produktivitas alat berat, sampah
ANALISA PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN ZAT ADITIF PADA BAHAN BAKAR PERTALITE TERHADAP LAJU KONSUMSI BAHAN BAKAR DAN EMISI GAS BUANG PADA MOTOR BAKAR BENSIN 4-TAK DOHC
Authors: Abidin Ronald , Andayani Ratih Diah , Ilmi Bahrul , Djunaidi Rita
Published: October 2023

Motor bensin tersusun oleh beberapa komponen utama meliputi; blok silinder (cylinder block), kepala silinder (cylinder head), poros engkol (crankshaft), piston, batang piston (connecting rod), roda penerus (fly wheel), poros cam (cam shaft), dan mekanik katup (valve mechanic). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisa pengaruh penambahan zat aditif pada bahan bakar pertalite terhadap laju konsumsi bahan bakar dan emisi gas buang. Bahan bakar yang digunakan adalah pertalite dan bahan bakar pertalite dengan penambahan zat aditif, penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan motor bakar roda empat yaitu mobil Bensin 4-Tak DOHC. Analisa dilakukan terhadap laju konsumsi bahan bakar dan emisi gas buang  CO, gas CO2 dan HC. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Zat aditif yang ditambahhkan pada bahan bakar pertalite dapat menghemat konsumsi bahan bakar pada putaran mesin 2000 rpm dengan nilai persentase sebesar 2,32 % dibanding kondisi tanpa zat aditif. Pada putaran 3000 rpm justru menujukkan peningkatan konsumsi bahan bakar dan mencapai persentase selisih sebesar 14,86 % Sedangkan pengaruh zat aditif terhadap emisi gas buang dapat mnurunkan emisi gas buang CO sebesar .4,17  %, pada putaran 3000 rpm dan meningkatkankuantitas  emisi gas CO2 sebesar 0,61 % pada putaran 1000 rpm, 1,1 % pada putaran 2000 rpm dan 3,53 % pada putaran 3000 rpm. sedangkan pengaruh zat aditif terhadap emisi HC dapat menurunkan emisi HC sebesar 7,69  pada putaran 2000 rpm

Kata kunci : motor bakar bensin, pertalite, zat aditif,  konsumsi bahan bakar, emisi gas buang.
Kajian proporsi santan kelapa, umbi gembili dan penambahan volume buah naga merah terhadap karakteristik fisiokimia serta organoleptik es krim nabati
Authors: Ferdiansyah Andre , Winarti Sri
Published: October 2023

Ice cream is a food that is generally made from cow's milk as a source of fat, but cow's milk can be bound by coconut milk as a source of fat because it has a chemical composition that almost resembles milk. Gembili can also be used as an additive in making ice cream because it contains glucomannan-type glycoprotein and water-soluble polysaccharide , which is a type of bioactive compound that acts as a water-soluble food fiber and is hydrocolloid. In addition to taste, taste and texture, color also affects the quality of ice cream. Dragon fruit can be chosen as a fortification that can make the appearance of ice cream more attractive. This study aims to determine the effect of the proportion of coconut milk and gembili pulp with the addition of red dragon fruit on the physicochemical and organoleptic qualities of making vegetable ice cream. This study used a two-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The first factor was the proportion of coconut milk and gembili porridge, respectively 25:75, 50:50, 75:25. The second factor is the addition of dragon fruit, namely 15%, 20% and 25%. Observational data were analyzed using ANOVA, if there was an interaction or a significant effect on the two treatments then a 5% DMRT best treatment results is proportion of coconut milk: gembili slurry (75:25) and 25% dragon fruit with an average melting time of 14.29 ± 0.113 minutes/20gr, viscosity 173.0 ± 1.414, total solids 15.67 ± 0.289, overrun 35.70 ± 0.208, fat content 6.23 ± 0.042, protein content 8.44 ± 0.113, antioxidant content 65.80%, dietary fiber 4.34% 7.90, a = 79.55, B = 0.45), organoleptic hedonic aroma 3.06, taste 4.08, color 3.72 and texture 2.96.
Optimasi ampas jahe merah (Zingiber officinale var rubrum) sebagai essential oils terintegrasi metode eae (enzyme – assisted extraction) dan destilasi fraksinasi
Authors: Chuddin Miftah , Swasono Muh. Aniar Hari
Published: October 2023

Ginger dregs left over from processing ginger commodities contain a bioactive compound, namely zingiberene, which has the potential to be used as a functional product in the form of essential oil. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of treatment with variations in cellulase enzyme concentration and duration of enzymatic extraction (Enzyme-assisted extraction) on the yield characteristics, acid number and refractive index of red ginger dregs oil. This research used a factorial group experimental design (RAK) consisting of 2 factorials, namely the concentration of cellulase enzyme powder (1%, 1.5% and 2%) and the duration of EAE (Enzyme-assisted extraction) extraction (130 minutes and 180 minutes) with 3 repetitions, resulting in 6 treatment combinations and 18 experiments.. The analysis carried out in this study was an analysis of the percentage yield of red ginger dregs essential oil and an analysis of the quality including the value of the acid number and refractive index. The results showed that the concentration of the cellulose enzyme with the duration of the EAE extraction produced yield percentages ranging from 19.13% - 38.3%, percentages of acid numbers ranging from 1.25 - 1.93 mgKOH/g and refractive index ranging from 1.08 - 1.30. The effectiveness test showed that the best treatment was achieved by treatment code X2Y3 with a treatment factor (EAE extraction duration of 180 minutes: 2% cellulosic enzyme concentration) with NP parameters (productivity value) yield 0.34, acid number 0.29 and refractive index 0.37.
Pengaruh variasi starter dan konsentrasi ekstrak buah melon (Cucumis melo L.) terhadap sifat fisikokimia yogurt
Authors: Azara Rima , Saidi Ida Agustini , Amarulloh Rochma
Published: October 2023

Yogurt is a processed fermented milk product that utilizes lactic acid bacteria. Yogurt as a source of probiotics is beneficial for maintaining the body's immunity. This research aims to make melon yogurt drink as an effort to improve the taste of yogurt which tends to be sour so that it is not too sour by adding melon fruit extract. The study was conducted by RAK (Randomized Block Design) by analyzing the characteristics of melon yogurt produced with various amounts of melon extract added (5, 10, 15, 20%) and the amount of yogurt starter added (3 and 5%). The results of the analysis showed that there was an interaction between the concentration of the yogurt starter and the concentration of melon fruit extract on the total soluble solids of melon yogurt. Whereas there was no interaction between yogurt starter concentration and melon fruit extract concentration on pH, total acid, viscosity, and color profile of melon yogurt. Starter concentration had a very significant effect on lightness, had a significant effect on total solids, pH, viscosity, and had no significant effect on total acid, redness and yellowness of melon yogurt. Melon fruit extract had a very significant effect on total solids, viscosity, lightness, and had a significant effect on yellowness, and had no significant effect on pH, total acid, and redness of melon fruit yogurt.
Pemanfaatan air botani dari buah salak pondoh (Salacca zalacca var pondoh) untuk pembuatan roti tawar sourdough
Authors: Rahardjo Monika , Sihombing Monang
Published: October 2023

Indonesia has variety of fruits that have the potential to be used as botanical water in sourdough bread making, especially those with high sugar content. Salak pondoh (Salacca zalacca var pondoh) is one of Indonesia's native fruits that has a distinctive flavor and is favored by the public. This research aims to utilize botanical water from salak pondoh in the making of sourdough bread. This research method consists of several stages, namely making botanical water, making starter, evaluating yeast activity, and white bread production. The analysis performed on white bread includes physical analysis, chemical analysis, and sensory analysis. Yeast activity in this study showed that the use of sourdough starter with the percentage of 30% had the highest activity level of 1.035 ± 0.002 ml/hour. Proximate test results showed significant differences in protein content, water content, and fiber content, while carbohydrate, fat, and ash content were not significantly different. The results of the texture test showed significant differences for hardness and springiness parameters, while for other texture parameters there were no significant differences. Overall, white bread using sourdough starter from salak pondoh can develop well and can be accepted like white bread in general, even in this study white bread with the addition of sourdough starter obtained a higher hedonic rating compared to white bread sample control.
Pengaruh lama perendaman dan penambahan susu skim terhadap karakteristik bubur kacang merah (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) instan
Authors: Palupi Hapsari Titi , Afifah Siti
Published: October 2023

Phaseolus vulgaris L. are a type of legume that is potential and easily available in Indonesia. Processing red kidney beans into instant porridge is an effort to increase the usability of red kidney bean-based products. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of soaking time of red beans and addition of skim milk to instant red kidney bean porridge based on physicochemical and organoleptic analysis. The research design used in this study is RAK (Group Random Design) consisting of two factors, factor 1: soaking time (12%, 24%, 36%), factor 2: concentrations of skim milk (5% and 10%). The parameters observed are moisture content, ash, protein content, phytic acid, water absorption, swelling, and solubility and organoleptic properties of color, taste, texture, and aroma. The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA (Analysis of variance) with Tukey's follow-up test 95% confidence level (α<0.05). While sensory tests are carried out with the Friedman Test with a hedonic scale. The results of this study indicate that variations of soaking time and concentrations of skim milk have a significant impact on physicochemical and organoleptic properties are moisture content, ash, phytic acid, protein, water absorption, swelling, solubility, organoleptic parameter (color, texture, and aroma). The best treatment according to the results of physicochemical and organoleptic analysis tests is soaking time 36 hours and concentrations of skim milk 10%, with physicochemical and organoleptic analysis parameters including moisture content 4.28%, ash 1.53%, protein content 8.58%, phytic acid 3.08%, water absorption 5.08%, swelling 568.74%, solubility 29.92%, and organoleptic taste 4.56 (very like), color 4.52 (like), texture 4.60 (very like), and aroma 4.24 (like).
PARENTING PATTERNS IN FORMING CHILDREN'S MORALS IN CLASS IB MI SALAFIYAH ASY SYAFI'IYAH JATIROGO TUBAN
Authors: Chalimah Siti Nurul , Anisah Zulfatun , Mustafida Fita
Published: October 2023

Every parent has their own way of raising children. different parenting styles, the attitudes shown will also be different. This research discusses 1). Parenting patterns in the formation of children's morals in the IB class of MI Salafiyah Asy Syafi'iyah Jatirogo, Tuban Regency, academic year 2021/2022, 2). Supporting and inhibiting factors that influence the formation of children's morals in the IB class at MI Salafiyah Asy Syafi'iyah Jatirogo, Tuban Regency, academic year 2021/2022. This research uses qualitative descriptive research methods. This type of research is field research using interview techniques with parents and several teachers. In collecting data, researchers used observation, interview and documentation techniques. The results of the first research show that there are three types of parenting styles applied by parents to children, namely, democratic, permissive and authoritarian parenting. Second, from the results of this research, researchers found that there were two factors that influenced the formation of children's morals. The first is the supporting factors which include: the awareness and willingness of children, the support and motivation of parents, and the implementation of 3S by school institutions. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors are lack of awareness and interest from children, lack of guidance from parents.
Resistence to Klitih Behavior Based on Character Education
Authors: Setiawan Didy , Muhammad Amin Rais , Na'imah Na'imah
Published: October 2023

This article examines the role of character education in addressing the issue of klitih behavior, which has recently become a trending topic on various social media platforms and has caused concern within the community. A descriptive qualitative approach is employed in this study, using a literature review as the research method, with data collection conducted through the 3M method: recording, analyzing, and integrating findings from previous studies that are relevant to the research theme. The results of this article's research indicate that klitih, as one form of delinquency among adolescents that has caused concern within the community, is influenced by several factors, including: lack of parental attention, family problems, negative environments and associations, the desire for recognition within a group/gang, insufficient knowledge of moral and religious values, and an already formed aggressive character in the child. Character education plays a crucial role in preventing and addressing this klitih behavior by shaping and instilling positive character values in children. Therefore, character education is considered a potential solution to address moral issues among teenagers/students.