bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cattle Genetic Improvement Strategies for Sustainable Development in Tropics: Review
Authors: TESEMA Birhanu
Published: February 2024

Inefficient use of genetic variation among and within breeds of different breeds is an obstacle to enhancing the livestock population in underdeveloped countries. The best productive and adaptable animals for each environment must be identified for breeding objectives. Changing numerous aspects of production is required for successful livestock genetic improvement. In developing countries, genetic improvement efforts are unlikely to succeed unless they are supplemented by better diet, herd health, and management. Improvement strategies that are now taken for granted in developed countries are not implemented in most developing countries. The high expense of such procedures is one of the main reasons for their poor adoption rates. As a result, the economic evaluation of improvement programs is critical. Population increase, market development, technological change, and a shifting resource base are all examples. These dynamics that drive a specific livestock production system, as well as the entire subsector, must be anticipated and identified in development strategies. It is vital to understand the direction and speed with which these elements may change, both at the sectoral and farm levels, for future initiatives to respond appropriately. As a result, improving local cattle genetic value and devising genetic improvement methods accordingly is critical for the country's and sector's long-term development. Insufficient research has negative impacts on different breed types in diverse and dynamic livestock production systems assessment in developing countries, which creates significant knowledge gaps about breed-change interventions. Hence, supporting researchers, research institutions and higher education institutions is crucial to the success of policy in reducing the knowledge gap and strengthening the relationships between the livestock owners and government. Moreover, the development of national livestock strategies, effective policies, and the establishment of breeding cooperatives have an impact on the development and implementation of national livestock strategies for sustainable development.
The Occurrence of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Fish Meat and Their Impact on Food Quality
Authors: SAVIN Raul-Lucian , LADOȘI Daniela , LADOȘI Ioan , COROIAN Aurelia
Published: February 2024

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are organic compounds known to be potentially toxic for human health. Humans are exposed mostly through ingestion, but also through inhalation and skin contact. Thus, their concentrations in foods should be as low as possible. Fish products are appreciated as functional food, with high nutritional properties and organoleptic attributes. Despite these qualities, fish products may also contain PAHs. Humans are exposed to PAHs by eating fish meat, which can be contaminated from environmental sources, from industrial food processing methods, and from some home cooking practices. The main aspects concerning PAHs contamination of fish meat are briefly discussed: analysis and occurrence in some fish products, main factors and sources of contaminations, methodology of the determination of PAHs and current legislation on PAHs. The contamination of fish meat with PAHs has an impact on food quality. Mainly, topical studies from the last 20 years were taken into account, and also some studies that were the basis of the research in PAHs. The following platforms were used in the search: Web of Science and Scopus.
Caffeine – An Invisible Addiction
Authors: AJMAL Sidra , AJMAL Laiba , BABAR Aleena , RIASAT Amna , BATOOL Farhat , ZAFAR Tehniyat
Published: February 2024

Caffeine, an alkaloid, is a stimulant of the central nervous system and is the most popularly consumed psychoactive drug worldwide. This stimulant can have both positive and negative effects on health. The objective of this study was hence to determine the common side effects associated with consumption of caffeinated drinks along with any symptoms stated by the participants that indicate withdrawal. A questionnaire-based descriptive epidemiological study was conducted at three major universities of Lahore, Pakistan. Among the target population that fell in the age ranging from 18-28 years, 35% started consuming caffeinated drinks between the ages 10-15, while tea was consumed by 60% of the sample population. 50% consume caffeinated drinks once or twice a day whereas 60% could refrain from consuming a single drink per day. 38.5% stated to suffer from increased urination while 22% suffered from increased blood pressure upon consumption. Caffeine addiction is one of the most prevalent and ever-expanding addictions in the world which must be either eliminated from diet or replaced by a healthier alternative.
Observations on the Effects of the Hail on Some Apple Varieties under the Conditions of 2021
Authors: CHELARU Simona-Mihaela , MANOLACHE Agurița Aftudor , GHERGHEL Mădălina Iuliana , PERJU Ionel , TURCU Cristina Ionela
Published: February 2024

The research was carried out on 3 apple varieties, namely Golden delicious, Jonathan and Starkrimson, grown in the N-E area of Romania, within the Research Station for fruit growing Iasi, on Fălticeni development center.  The plantation was established in 1990, being in 31 since planting.  The trees are grafted on the MM106 rootstock, with a planting distance of 4 meters between rows and 2.5 meters between trees, with a density of 1000 trees/ha. During the agricultural year 2021, hail was observed as an extreme climatic phenomenon, recorded in June, July and August, when the trees were in the phenological stage BBCH 71-74, BBCH 75, BBCH 77 and BBCH 79. Extreme phenomena were accompanied by heavy rains and storms that affected both the quality and quantity of fruit production.  The highest degree of damage was recorded in the Golden delicious variety in all four hail falls, with a percentage between 5% and 67%. Therefore, the fruit production was affected, their quality being impaired and not being commercialized as high quality fruit, for fresh consumption, but only industrialized.
Patentable Formula Based on Essential Oils with a Protective Effect Against Rhizobium Vitis
Authors: DINU Sorina , BARBU Lavinia-Diana-Nicoleta , CHIRECEANU Constantina
Published: February 2024

The crown gall of grapevines is an economic importance bacteriosis caused by Rhizobium vitis strains. Five essential oils (EO’s) were tested against the autochthonous 2btm strain of R. vitis for their capacity to inhibit the phytopathogen growth, by in vitro and in planta tests. The measurements regarding in vitro inhibition zone were performed. Subsequently, the ability of patentable formula based on essential oils to prevent/reduce tumor formation in tomato and vine plants has been tested. After 30 days for tomato plants, the evaluation of disease incidence and effectiveness of treatments applied at two points in time (T0 and T30), were determined. In vine plants, tumorigenesis is initiated up to 9 months after inoculation, so the results are being processed. Efficacy values of 94.7% at both T0 and T30   and, a very low disease incidence of 5% compared to positive control were recorded. Also, the tumor of EO’s treated tomato plants were smaller in size and did not form a complete ring as positive control plants. The use of patentable formula as prevented treatment, reduced the number of plants developing crown gall symptoms and tumor size compared to positive control plants.
Dehydogenase Activity in Soils: Influence of Copper, Lead, Cadmium and Varying Soil Types
Authors: SCHALLER Klaus , BEICKLER Gudrun
Published: February 2024

Soil quality and health are currently tipping points in soil science which will decide if the bearing capacity of our food system will last to feed 10 billion of people in the near future. Important will be also in that conjunction that soil pollution with heavy metals (HM) will play a crucial role. In a pot experiment five different soils were spiked with Cu, Pb (50, 100, 200 and 400 ppm each) and Cd (0,75, 1,5, 3.0 and 6,0 ppm) and incubated at optimal water content at 27 oC for 56 d. In weekly intervals samples were taken and tested for dehydrogenase activity.  It was found that Cu inhibited DHA already at 50 ppm for max. 50%. Higher Cu rates went up to 80%. Pb action was not so high but also at 50 ppm the reduction of DHA reached 40%. Cd exerted its inhibitory capacity at spiking levels of 3 and 6 ppm. The toxicity level of the tested HMs will be in the order Cu > Pb > Cd. Threshold values should be revised in order to assure future soil quality and fertility.
Evaluation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Quinoa Seed Production in Greece
Authors: KAKABOUKI Ioanna , ROUSSIS Ioannis , MAVROEIDIS Antonios , KARYDOGIANNI Stella , STAVROPOULOS Panteleimon , TSOPANOGLOU Aikaterini , BILALIS Dimitrios
Published: February 2024

Population growth has led to an increase in food production, resulting in an increase in agricultural products in terms of quantity and quality. Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) cultivation is prevalent in most areas of the world due to its high-quality grain and its potential to produce high yields under tough growing conditions. This study aimed to investigate all greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions generated by quinoa seed production in Greece and their relationship with farm-related factors, from fertilizer production to energy consumption for all cultivation techniques. The amount of all GHG emissions was estimated using Cool Farm Tool software. In order to collect data, a questionnaire including questions regarding cultivation details, soil characteristics, inputs, fuel, and water use was distributed and completed by forty quinoa producers from Central Greece. Accordingly, the estimated carbon footprint values per hectare and per kilogram of quinoa seed were 1,159.65 and 0.48 kg CO2-eq, respectively. The present research also found that the highest CO2-eq emissions per kilogram of quinoa seed were found to be associated with the production of fertilizers, with a value of 0.20 kg CO2-eq corresponding to 40.88% of the total emissions per kilogram of produced seed. Consequently, attention must be given for the mitigation of the environmental impact of quinoa seed production. It is particularly important to manage chemical fertilizers and agricultural machinery properly in order to ensure the sustainable cultivation of quinoa.
The Response of Two Chokeberry Cultivars to the Influence of Climatic Factors in Bistrita Area, Romania
Authors: CHIOREAN Anca Maria , ROŞU- MAREŞ Smaranda , JAKAB- ILYEFALVI Zsolt , MOLDOVAN Claudiu , ZAGRAI Ioan , CORDEA Mirela Irina
Published: February 2024

Black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa Michx.) is one of the most cultivated species in recent years, gaining consumer appreciation due to its fruit’s bioactive compounds. This aim of this paper was to study the behavior of two chokeberry cultivars ‘Viking’ and ‘Galicjanka’ under climatic factors in Bistrita area, within an experimental plot established at Fruit Research and Development Station Bistrita. Resistant to low temperatures but sensitive to drought, the two chokeberry cultivars ‘Viking’ and ‘Galicjanka’, have recorded a positive development evolution in pedoclimatic conditions in Bistrita area. For the success of this crop, it is necessary to ensure all the parameters to obtain a high-quality production, so that the deficiencies caused by insufficient water supply can be prevented by implementing technological measures that reduce the negative impact of the ever- changing environment.
Structural Features of the Cardia Gastric Region in Domestic Rabbits
Authors: CIPOU Mircea , DAMIAN Aurel , MARTONOS Cristian , RAȚIU Ioana Adela , RUS Vasile , MICLĂUȘ Viorel , GAL Adrian Florin
Published: February 2024

The knowledge of normal microscopical peculiarities of the digestive system in mammals is essential, but information regarding certain structures is still scarce in numerous species. Our study aims to highlight the normal morphological features of the cardia region in domestic rabbits, as regards the overall appearance, structure, and dimensions of the gastric pits, including a description of the cells located in gastric glands. The cardia region of five domestic rabbits underwent tissue sampling, followed by fixation in 10% buffered formalin, paraffin embedding, and later sectioned at 5 µm in thickness. Eventually, the samples were stained by Goldner’s trichrome method. The microscopical examination has revealed the presence of gastric pits and glands in the entire cardia region of the rabbit, with a different morphological appearance from one zone to another. Gastric pits have the smallest depth immediately after the oesophagogastric junction, which gradually increases and decreases afterwards as it approaches the fundic zone. The gastric glands contain basically four cell types in various proportions, including serous cells, mucous cells, parietal cells, and chief cells. Other peculiarities of the gastric mucosa in the cardia region in rabbits include a thick mucosa with a loose and prominent lamina propria, and an ill-defined muscularis mucosae that is not organized in distinct layers as in other species. The detailed microanatomical structure of the cardia region of the stomach is necessary for understanding the digestion processes in rabbits, species used as a model in diverse fields of research including the pathology of the digestive system.
DETERMINATION OF THE DROP SIZE AND DISTRIBUTIONS IN SWIRL INJECTION IN CROSS FLOWS, IMPINGING, AND EFFERVESCENT INJECTORS
Authors: Park J. E. , Lee T.-W. , Maly M. , Cejpek O. , Jedelsky Jan
Published: February 2024

We have extended the primary atomization analysis to swirl injection in cross flows, impinging, and
effervescent injectors. Using the integral form of the conservation equations, the drop size can be expressed
in terms of injection and fluid parameters, the main variable being the liquid and gas velocities.
Using the measured velocities as inputs to this D32-equation, good agreements with experimental data are found for the drop size in the three spray geometries. Underlying physical mechanisms for the drop formation are also revealed from the analysis. The aerodynamic interaction between the swirl spray and
cross flow results in reduction in momentum, with a corresponding decrease in kinetic energy that appears
as surface tension of energy of many small droplets. Similarly, cancellation of the lateral momentum
in impinging jets and internal deceleration in effervescent injectors are the key primary atomization
routes. The use of the analytical drop size-velocity correlation has also been demonstrated for swirl
sprays in cross flows. Therefore, this approach can be used to predict the drop size and distributions in
different spray geometries, with appropriate changes in the velocity input terms and fluid properties.
Evolution of self-healing performance of UHPC exposed to aggressive environments and cracking/healing cycles
Authors: Xi Bin , Ferrara Liberato
Published: February 2024

This paper investigates the resilience of UHPC's self-healing capabilities under aggressive environmental conditions and cracking/healing cycles. UHPC specimens ‘with a double-edged wedge splitting geometry were made, incorporating a commercial crystalline admixture (Penetron Admix®). The evaluation of UHPC's healing capacity involved subjecting pre-cracked samples to three different water immersion conditions: tap water, saltwater, and geothermal water. The closure of cracks during different curing periods was meticulously recorded using optical microscopy. Furthermore, specialized tests, including ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) measurements and splitting tensile tests, were conducted to quantify the recovery of mechanical properties. The results reveal that extended exposure results in a gradual closure of cracks, where salt water and geothermal water exhibit lower self-healing capabilities. Self-healing improves after the 1st crack/self-healing cycle but decline rapidly after the 2nd cycle. Mechanical property is strongly correlated with the extent of self-healing, and all samples display varying degrees of stiffness recovery, with the most pronounced recovery occurring after the 1st cycle. However, following the 2nd cycle, the stiffness recovery values decrease due to repeated loading, resulting in increased damage and a reduced number of reactive particles, thereby compromising self-healing and stiffness recovery. Despite enduring multiple instances of crack damage, UHPC samples still exhibit notable toughness recovery, underscoring the enduring efficacy of the self-healing mechanism even in challenging conditions.
Combination Treatment with Verinurad and Allopurinol in CKD
Authors: Heerspink Hiddo J.L. , Stack Austin G. , Terkeltaub Robert , Jongs Niels , Inker Lesley A. , Bjursell Magnus , Maklad Noha , Perl Shira , Eklund Olof , Rikte Tord , Sjöström C. David , Perkovic Vlado ,   on behalf of the SAPPHIRE Investigators
Published: February 2024

Key Points

The SAPPHIRE trial was designed to assess albuminuria-lowering effects of the urate transporter 1 inhibitor verinurad combined with allopurinol in patients with CKD.

Verinurad 3, 7.5, and 12 mg in combination with allopurinol 300 mg did not reduce albuminuria during 34 weeks treatment compared with allopurinol alone or placebo.

Verinurad/allopurinol combination dose-dependently reduced serum urate concentrations compared with placebo.

Background

Hyperuricemia is associated with elevated risks of cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Since inhibition of urate transporter 1 has been suggested to be potentially nephroprotective, we performed a phase 2b study to assess albuminuria-lowering effects of the urate transporter 1 inhibitor verinurad combined with the xanthine oxidase inhibitor allopurinol in patients with CKD and hyperuricemia.

Methods

In this randomized placebo and active controlled trial, we enrolled participants with serum urate concentrations ≥6.0 mg/dl, eGFR ≥25 ml/min per 1.73 m2, and a urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) 30–5000 mg/g to one of five treatment arms: placebo, placebo+allopurinol 300 mg/day, verinurad 3 mg+allopurinol 300 mg/day, verinurad 7.5 mg+allopurinol 300 mg/day, or verinurad 12 mg+allopurinol 300 mg/day in a 1:1:1:1:1 ratio. The primary end point was the change in UACR from baseline to 34 weeks. Secondary end points were changes from baseline in UACR at week 60 and changes in serum urate and eGFR at weeks 34 and 60.

Results

Between August 2019 and November 2021, 861 adults with CKD (mean age 65 years, 33.0% female, mean eGFR 48 ml/min per 1.73 m2, median UACR 217 mg/g) were enrolled. At 34 weeks, the geometric mean percentage change in UACR from baseline did not differ among treatment groups (16.7%, 95% confidence interval [CI], −0.6 to 37.1 in the 3 mg group, 15.0% [95% CI, −1.85 to 34.6] in the 7.5 mg group, 14.0% [95% CI, −3.4 to 34.4] in the 12 mg group versus 9.9% [95% CI, −6.6 to 29.4] in the allopurinol group, and 37.3% [95% CI, 16.6 to 61.8] in the placebo group). UACR and eGFR change from baseline did not differ among treatment groups after 60 weeks. Verinurad/allopurinol combination dose-dependently reduced serum urate concentrations compared with placebo. The proportion of patients with adverse events and serious adverse events was balanced among treatment groups.

Conclusions

Verinurad in combination with allopurinol did not decrease UACR or eGFR decline, but further reduced serum urate compared with allopurinol alone or placebo.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number:

SAPPHIRE Trial registration number, NCT03990363.
Averting Terror Funds: New Grounds for Racial Discrimination?
Authors: Vasileiadou Georgia
Published: February 2024

The fight against international terrorism introduced a complicated system for preventing the transfer of terror funds through the official financial sector. This system, based on customer profiling and black-lists of certain countries and entities, raises serious concerns of discrimination and financial exclusion. This chapter examines the UK, EU and international legislation and regulations, as well as case law in order to address the understudied topic of the conflict between de-risking policies and the property rights of individuals. Financial institutions tend to evoke counterterrorist laws in order to justify discriminatory behaviours towards existing or future customers. As a fact, more and more people are found to be affected by such policies all over the world. Especially in the UK immigrants moving out from Africa and the Middle East are usually denied access to financial services on the grounds that their countries of origin present high risks of terrorism. This chapter argues that it is important to adopt an approach able to mitigate negative impacts on individuals’ personal and professional lives without compromising the objective of the fight against terrorist financing.
Universities and the Colonial Production of Knowledge About Students of Colour
Authors: Tuitt Patricia
Published: February 2024

If there is one feature that distinguishes the twenty-first century UK university from its earlier appearances it is the number of laws which are now woven into its fabric. These range from state imposed ‘hard law’, such as the Higher Education and Research Act 2017, to the ‘soft laws’ - which usually take the form of government sponsored investigations, policies and guidance. This chapter argues that university ‘soft laws’ are creating an archive of knowledge about students of colour which, whatever their ostensible design, serve to perpetuate, not to dismantle, the colonial structures of the university. Consisting of a close reading of official documents such as Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic Student Attainment at UK Universities: Closing the Gap (2019) and Degree Classifications: Transparent, Consistent and Fair Academic Standards (2018), the chapter shows how contemporary methods of acquiring and disseminating knowledge about students of colour reproduce older colonial archival practices, leading to their further marginalisation.
STUDY THE REFLECTION OF THE EPOS "MANAS" IN THE SPHERE OF CULTURE THROUGH CRITICAL THINKING
Authors:   Osh State University, Tolonova Gulzat
Published: February 2024

The article notes the place and role of the epic "Manas" in the spheres of culture. Interethnic dialogue, folk traditions influence the multicultural education of young people. The conceptual approaches to the implementation of multicultural education of youth explained. Reflection of the epic "Manas" learned in the spheres of culture through the method of critical thinking. The article uses the methods of critical thinking, traditional and pedagogical, pedagogical experiment, dialogue, pedagogical survey, pedagogical interview, and studying the characteristics of the teaching staff. In research results, the peculiarity of differences between other epics, and performance of the epic "Manas" requires a corresponding tremendous strength, inner flair, and widespread use of facial expressions were determined. Therefore, manaschi skills combine not only the qualities of a poet, philosopher, thinker, but also a skillful musician. The implementation of cultural education with the help of the epic "Manas" influences on the formation of multicultural competences of students were determined. At the end of the lesson, the teacher summarizes the lesson, assesses the students, and assigns homework.
HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE FORMATION OF THE PEDAGOGICAL ACTIVITY OF KAZAKHSTAN IN THE SOVIET PERIOD
Authors:   Institute of History and Ethnology named after Sh. Sh. Valikhanov, Akpar Aizhan
Published: February 2024

In the early years of Soviet pedagogy, the general goal of practice was formulated. Reflecting the interests of the masses and the needs of the new society, Soviet pedagogy contrasted individual ideas of bourgeois pedagogical theory with individualism, nationalism, politics and other great ideas of human thought: humanism, collectivism, internationalism, democracy, the need for all-round development of the individual. The combination of productive work with education as a prerequisite and condition ... These ideas are clearly reflected in the well-known state documents of historical significance "Regulations on a unified school of labor" and "Basic principles of a unified school of labor." These documents confirmed and pedagogically substantiated the ideas of humanism and democracy in upbringing and education, school self-government and innovative educational relations between students and teachers.
Review of State Youth Policy in China at the Present Stage
Authors: Zulyar Raksana
Published: February 2024

The current state policy aimed at the youth of China at the present stage is analyzed. Due to the large number of this socio-demographic group as youth, this study is relevant. The purpose of the study is to analyze the main vector of work with youth in modern China, to present a sketch of the activity of the institutions of state youth policy. The efforts of the leadership of the country focused on the resolution of new external and internal challenges aimed at youth were outlined. The work gives a brief historical excursion into the topic, there are comparative characteristics of the experience of work with youth in other states. The emphasis in the article is made on the legal framework of youth policy in China and the organization of leadership and management processes. The experience of work of the Communist Youth Union of China from open sources, the main of which is the website of the organization, is considered. The main directions of work with youth are highlighted. The ideological component of the organization is briefly presented. The conclusion is made about the paternalistic model of youth policy organization in China.
ADMINISTRATIVE LAWSUITS OF THE PROSECUTORS IN THE FIELD OF CHILD PROTECTION
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Krasnozhon Olena
Published: February 2024

Purpose. Child protection plays a significant role in the functioning of the prosecutor’s office, particularly in the representation of state interests in the field of child protection. Fair, impartial and timely resolution of disputes in the field of public law relations by the court in order to effectively protect the rights, freedoms and interests of individuals from violations by public authorities is, in turn, the task of administrative proceedings. This article aims is to examine the legal nature of administrative property and non-property claims, binding claims in relation in the area of child protection, and their correlation with non-property claims. Methods. The article employs a scientific methodology for legal research, including systemic-structural, comparative-legal, generalization, dialectic, analysis, and synthesis methods. Results. This study examines the practice of administrative claims by prosecutors and their corresponding statistical data. The categories of administrative claims are grouped, and the article explores the concept of administrative property and non-property claims. It is also examining binding claims in the field of the child protection. Provides examples of property claims, binding claims, claims with material component in the field of the child protection. Finally, the study examines legislative shortcomings. Conclusions. The unique focus on children, their rights, freedoms, interests, and state interests, as well as the corresponding subject of the claim, determine the features of the prosecutor’s office’s function for representation of state interests in the field of child protection. The analysis of legislation reveals the lack of administrative property and non-property claims, binding claims, and claim pricing. To establish a clear differentiation between property and non-property claims, at this stage of the study it is proposed to enhance the current legislation. This legislative will enable claims to be made in accordance with substantive and procedural legal norms. This, in turn, will increase the effectiveness of the representation function in the field of child protection in the administrative procedures.
The call for hybrid work arrangement post-pandemic
Authors: Abdul Aziz Amani Fadzlina , Ong Tiffanie
Published: February 2024

COVID-19 has led to abrupt changes in work norms and practices. Despite receding pandemic restrictions, the popularity of remote or hybrid work has not subsided. As employees around the world continue to call for more flexibility and autonomy in the way they work, human resource leaders must continuously consider and evaluate decisions based on ever-changing sentiment, balancing the interests of employees and employers alike. In this perspective article, we review the current state of work in the Southeast Asian region, focusing on Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, the Philippines, and Thailand, and present preliminary results from a region-wide mental health assessment that was conducted in late 2022. We argue for the continuation of hybrid work in the region and elaborate on the mental health risks that come with remote working.
Unicka diecezja smoleńska do 1654 r. Przyczynek do dziejów polityki wyznaniowej w Rzeczypospolitej czasów Wazów
Authors: Gil Andrzej
Published: February 2024

Zajęcie nowych ziem na wschodzie Rzeczypospolitej, usankcjonowane pokojem w Deulinie i w Polanowie, dało asumpt kolejnym władcom z rodu Wazów do prowadzenia tamże własnej polityki wyznaniowej. Specyficzne usytuowanie prawne nowych województw: smoleńskiego i czernihowsko-‑siewierskiego, pozwoliło im na wprowadzenie własnych wizji organizacji religijnej miejscowych społeczności. Miejscowa szlachta uzyskała przywilej wyznawania tylko religii katolickiej w obu obrządkach: zachodnim i wschodnim. Dlatego też zorganizowana została unicka archidiecezja smoleńska, mająca wpływać na religijność miejscowej ludności prawosławnej w duchu nauczania Kościoła katolickiego. Przy okazji miała dokonać się także reorientacja kulturowa w kierunku Zachodu, reprezentowanego w tym konkretnym czasie przez barokowy sztafaż. W czasie przynależności tych ziem do Rzeczypospolitej na czele eparchii stało trzech biskupów: Sergiusz, Lew Kreuza oraz Andrzej Kwaśniński Złoty. Pełniona przez nich posługa w pewnej mierze przyniosła pożądany skutek, bowiem, mimo ogromnych starań po ponownym zajęciu tych ziem przez Rosję, nie dało się w pełni wykorzenić wpływów zachodnich w miejscowym społeczeństwie oraz w tworzonym przezeń krajobrazie kulturowym. Wszystko to było efektem polityki wyznaniowej monarchów w rodu Wazów, działających tak z rozmysłem, jak i wykorzystujących zachodzące wówczas na kontynencie europejskim procesy unifikacji religijnej i kulturowej.
The varied diet of the golden jackal (Canis aureus): Experiences from stomach analyses
Authors: Bhattacharya Shreya , Szabó László , Márton Mihály , Heltai Miklós
Published: February 2024

The golden jackal population shows a rapid expansion in Europe during the recent decades, raising several management and conservation issues. Among others, the opportunistic feeding strategies might be a reason which is responsible for the invasive spreading and survival success of the species in various parts of Hungary. Our aim was to analyze the diet composition of the jackal through stomach content analysis to provide an insight about the evolution and behavioural adaptations of this mesopredator. The stomach samples were collected between 2003 and 2014 from different parts of Hungary. The percentage frequency of occurrence (%FO) as well as the biomass (%B) of the stomach content data were analyzed. Statistical analysis tests based on the presence and absence data of the remains of wild ungulates (cervids and wild boar) from seasonal data (winter-spring and summer-autumn) and between gender groups were conducted. Also, comparisons of the presence and absence data for the three main food categories (rodents, big game and vegetative/plant parts) were statistically tested.The results of the comparisons did not show any significant differences between the classes. This can be explained due to the high spatio-temporal variation of the data. The findings of our study shows the presence of a varied composition of food items such as rodents, insects, fruits, plant parts, ungulates (wild boar, cervids), reptiles (such as lizards and pond turtles), bird species (such as pheasants) as well as jaw remains of the red fox. It is noteworthy to mention in this context that majority of the ungulate remains from the stomach contents were associated with maggots, which indicated the presence of carrion consumption. Our study, based on varied diet composition, supports and confirms the opportunistic, scavenging and highly adaptive foraging of the golden jackal.
Физическая культура личности
Authors: Клухин Н.А. , Кормилицын Ю.В.
Published: February 2024

Личностная физическая культура – это неотъемлемая составляющая общей культуры человека, отражающая уровень усвоения и применения им ценностей, связанных с физической активностью. В статье рассматривает понятие «физическая культура личности», ее составляющие, а также ее влияние и место в общей культуре человека. Рассмотрено формы воздействия физической культуры на становлении личности в современном обществе и перспективу ее совершенствования при систематических занятиях.
Управленческие аспекты в области физической культуры и спорта в РФ: проблема и направление развития
Authors: Проскурина Е.Ф. , Бодылева В.Б.
Published: February 2024

Статья рассматривает управленческие аспекты в сфере физической культуры и спорта в РФ. Анализируются проблемы и предлагаются решения, включая эффективное использование ресурсов, оптимизацию структур и стратегическое планирование для устойчивого развития отрасли.
Повышение эффективности сушки урожая зерновых и кормовых культур
Authors: Кузьмин А.В.
Published: February 2024

Для повышения эффективности сушки зерновых и кормовых культур важно улучшение технологии сушки, оптимизация процесса сушки, применение новых технологий, внедрение энергосберегающих технологий и использование возобновляемых источников энергии. Обучение персонала также играет важную роль в повышении эффективности сушки урожая. Использование различных технологий послеуборочной обработки зерна, с применением усовершенствованных сушильных установок не послойной сушки зерна, позволит повысить сохранность зерна, существенно снизить расход топлива и повысить производительность труда.
Технология трѐхзвенной уборки с бункерами-перегрузчиками
Authors: Кузьмин А.В.
Published: February 2024

Трехзвенная уборка с применением бункеров-перегрузчиков - основной вид уборочной системы в аграрно развитых странах. При включении бункера-перегрузчика в процесс уборки урожая - уборка осуществляется тремя рабочими звеньями: комбайнами, бункерамиперегрузчиками и автотранспортом. Трехзвенный подход с применением бункера-перегрузчика используется не только для уборки урожая, но и для посева сельхозкультур.
Автоматическое регулирование системы очистки сточных вод в первичном отстойнике очистных сооружений с использованием лазерной установки
Authors: Сафин М.А. , Эйтерник А.Ю.
Published: February 2024

В данной статье рассматривается применение лазерной установки для автоматического регулирования системы очистки сточных вод в первичном отстойнике очистных сооружений. Проведен анализ проблемы эффективного удаления загрязнений из сточных вод, решением которой является применение лазерной установки для автоматического контроля и регулирования процессов очистки. В статье описываются принципы работы и возможности лазерной установки, а также предложена функциональная схема автоматизации процесса очистки сточных вод от тяжелых металлов.
Геотехническая технология увеличения несущей способности основания
Authors: Соколов Н.С.
Published: February 2024

Электроразрядная технология (ЭРТ) имеет широкие возможности в геотехническом строительстве. Она обладает рядом технологических преимуществ. Буроинъекционные сваи ЭРТ имеют повышенные значения несущей способности, как по грунту, так и по материалу благодаря максимальному включению окружающего сваю грунта в совместную работу. В отличие от других типов свай поперечное сечение сваи ЭРТ имеет дополнительно зоны цементации и уплотнения. Благодаря этим зонам удельная несущая способность по грунту данных свай превосходит в два и более раз несущую способность других типов свай. Это свойство особенно актуально при реконструкции объектов в случае надстройки этажей. При использовании свай ЭРТ количество надстраиваемых этажей превосходит несколько раз по сравнению с другими типами буроинъекционных свай с теми же параметрами (диаметр, глубина). В рассматриваемой работе приведен пример использования буроинъекционных свай ЭРТ при надстройке четырех дополнительных этажей двухэтажного общественного здания. Статья является обзорной.
Исследование процесса шлифования и полирования с использованием виброгалтовки
Authors: Аносов М.С. , Павлов А.Д. , Платонов Д.Е. , Кротиков Д.А. , Башков А.А.
Published: February 2024

Производились экспериментальные исследования по влиянию выбора наполнителя, компаунда для виброгалтовки изделий из различных материалов на оборудовании предприятия, изготавливающего медицинский инструмент. Сделаны замеры параметров шероховатости и геометрических размеров заготовок до и после, сделаны выводы о влиянии наполнителя, компаунда для каждого образца, подвергающегося виброгалтовке.
Развитие и применение методов машинного обучения в современных информационных технологиях: анализ, тенденции и перспективы
Authors: Умархаджиев М-Х.Р.
Published: February 2024

Данная статья представляет собой научный анализ развития и применения методов машинного обучения (МО) в контексте современных информационных технологий. Основное внимание уделяется анализу текущего состояния в области, выявлению ключевых тенденций развития и перспективам применения МО.
Предпосылки и программные документы создания и внедрения государственных информационных систем в Российской Федерации
Authors: Хильченко Д.А.
Published: February 2024

Активная разработка и интеграция информационных технологий наблюдается в России с начала XXI века. Актуальной задачей на сегодняшний день остается понимание происхождения и принципов работы современных технологий. Одним из вариантов разрешения данной задачи является изучение предпосылок и исторических аспектов развития информационных систем. Так, основной целью представленной статьи является анализ предпосылок и программных документов, связанных с созданием и внедрением государственных информационных систем в нашей стране. Научная ценность работы состоит в предпринимаемой попытке систематизации знаний относительно ключевых исторических предпосылок создания и внедрения государственных информационных систем в Российской Федерации.
Математическая модель конвективно-диффузионного переноса наночастиц в полимерном субмиллиметровом слое при седиментационном анализе
Authors: Буляница А.Л.
Published: February 2024

Рассматриваются методы аналитического и численного решения обыкновенного дифференциального уравнения второго порядка. Показано, что оно позволяет моделировать стационарное распределение сферическихнаночастиц в полимерном слое субмикронной толщины. Задача решена с учетом седиментации и диффузии частиц в одномерном приближении при существенном упрощающем положении о линейности изменения плотности среды при загрузке частиц. Известно, что полученное обыкновенное уравнение второго порядка допускает понижение порядка и может быть решено в квадратурах при задании объемной доли наночастиц на одной из границ и условия непроницаемости другой границы слоя. При этом, рассматриваемый интеграл относится к неберущимся, что обуславливает необходимость использования приближенных методов решения.
Геотехническая практика усиления склона
Authors: Соколов Н.С.
Published: February 2024

Геотехническое строительство является одним из наиболее важных отраслей возведения нулевых частей объектов различного назначения. Имеющийся богатый потенциал геотехнических технологий позволяет успешно выполнять задачи по cтроительству фундаментов зданий в любых инженерно-геологических условиях и на любой территории, включая склоны, овраги, набережные. Очень часто встречаются случаи возведения объектов на пересеченных территориях с перемеживающимися структурно неустойчивыми грунтами, к тому же дополнительно нагруженных искусственными прислоненными склонами. В геотехнической практике еще наблюдаются случаи строительства на подобных склонах без должного инженерно-технического обеспечения, т.е. без наличия реально проведенных инженерных изысканий, а также разработанных противооползневых мероприятий. В конечном итоге в большинстве случаях пренебрежение общепринятыми нормами приводит к нежелательным последствиям, выражающимся к деформациям построенных зданий. В настоящей статье рассматривается один из таких случаев.
Моделирование двухмашинной энергосистемы в программной среде PSCAD
Authors: Сагиров В.Р.
Published: February 2024

В рамках работы была построена модель двухмашинной энергосистемы в программной среде PSCAD. Представлено описание среды, в которой проводилось моделирование, рассмотрен процесс создания модели, описаны параметры энергосистемы и способы их задания. Для проверки правильности построения модели автором был смоделирован аварийный режим работы энергосистемы, а именно - при трехфазном коротком замыкании на стороне среднего напряжения трансформатора Т2.
Методология расчета ЭРТ
Authors: Соколов Н.С.
Published: February 2024

Наряду с другими передовыми геотехническими технологиями освоения подземного пространства разрядно-импульсная технология является одним из основополагающих в области устройства буроинъекционных свай (технология ЭРТ) – микросвай, а также строительного преобразования свойств грунтов оснований, имеющих слабые показатели их физико-механических характеристик. В то же время, имея существенные отличия перед другими способами освоения подземной части зданий и сооружений геотехническая технология ЭРТ имеет ряд преимуществ, таких как, 1) повышенная удельная несущая способность по грунту, 2) технологичность устройства буроинъекционных свай в любых инженерно-геологических условиях, 3) возможность производства геотехнических работ в стесненных условиях. Она, являясь базовой структурой для разработки новых технологий, имеет большой научный потенциал исследований для целей внедрения ее в современное подземное строительство.
Капиллярная вода в почве
Authors: Бражицкая П.А. , Попова Ю.С.
Published: February 2024

Почва является одним из самых важных природных ресурсов, который обеспечивает рост и развитие растений. Одним из ключевых факторов, влияющих на плодородие почвы, является наличие и движение воды в ее порах. Капиллярная вода играет важную роль в этом процессе, обеспечивая постоянное поступление влаги к корням растений.
Анализ технологии производства глазированных сырков в молочном шоколаде с добавлением мармелада желейного
Authors: Кривых М.И. , Павлова Я.С.
Published: February 2024

Творог и изделия из него - ценные пищевые продукты имеют огромное значение в питании человека, поскольку помимо вкусовых качеств, которыми они славятся, творог и творожные изделия обладают множеством целебных свойств для организма. Творог - незаменимый продукт для здорового и полноценного питания. Полезные свойства творога обусловлены технологией его приготовления. Многие дети и даже взрослые, вместо творога, отдают предпочтения творожным изделиям (глазированные сырки, творожные массы, торты и т.п.), которые наравне с творогом обладают полезными свойствами. Статья посвящена изучению вопросов производства сырков, основываясь на знаниях, полученных с производственной практики.
The Role of Innate and Adaptive Immune System in the Pathogenesis of Schizophrenia
Authors: Soltani Marziyeh , Mirzaei Yousef , Mer Ali Hussein , Mohammad-Rezaei Mina , Shafaghat Zahra , Fattahi Soheila , Azadegan-Dehkordi Fatemeh , Abdollahpour-Alitappeh Meghdad , Bagheri Nader
Published: February 2024

chizophrenia is one of the most severely debilitating mental disorders that affects 1.1% of the world's population. The exact cause of the disease is not known, but genetics, environmental factors (such as infectious agents, season and region of birth, exposure to viruses, low birth weight, advanced paternal age, and tobacco), and immune system dysfunction can all contribute to the development of schizophrenia. Recently, the role of the immune system in schizophrenia has received much attention. Both acquired and innate immune systems are involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and facilitate the disease's progression. Almost all cells of the immune system including microglia, B cells, and T cells play an important role in the blood-brain barrier damage, inflammation, and in the progression of this disease. In schizophrenia, the integrity of the blood-brain barrier is reduced and then the immune cells are recruited into the endothelium following an increase in the expression of cell adhesion molecules. The entry of immune cells and cytokines leads to inflammation and antibody production in the brain. Accordingly, the results of this study strengthen the hypothesis that the innate and acquired immune systems are involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.
Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology: A Bibliometric and Altmetric Analysis from 2005 to 2022
Authors: Zareivenovel Mojgan , Nemati-Anaraki Leila , Ouchi Ali , Nourizadeh Maryam , Aghashahi Motahareh
Published: February 2024

This study aimed to present a bibliometric and altmetric Analyses of the Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology (IJAAI).
The citation performance and altmetric data were extracted from Scopus and Altmetric Explorer, respectively. Analyses were done using SPSS 26, Microsoft Excel, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace.
The results of the bibliometric analysis revealed that IJAAI had experienced respectable growth. Among the total citations, 4746 citations belong to the first decade (2005-2014) and 3,035 citations belong to the second (2015-2022). The findings demonstrated the significance of IJAAI among Iranian researchers. Pourpak, Z (66; 6.57%) is the top-producing author in IJAAI. The examination of research institutions reveals that the Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) is ranked first. The most highly cited article in IJAAI over the past 18 years is a review article which has received 138 citations. IJAAI is ranked first at the citing source and journal level, with the most citations (249 citations) to IJAAI. Iran has collaborated with 13 other countries. Overall, the analysis of co-occurred keywords indicates that IJAAI authors have used the following three high-frequency and important keywords: Asthma (162), Inflammation (48), and Multiple sclerosis (40). Co-citation analysis results demonstrated that a total of 6,718 sources were cited in this journal. The results of the altmetric analysis show that IJAAI has a reasonably low presence across various social media platforms, including Twitter, Facebook, Wikipedia, Mendeley, news and blogs.
This study aids researchers in exploring and identifying emerging trends in the fields of allergy, asthma, and immunology.