bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of The Handwashing Program with Soap (CTPS) In Preventing E. Coli Contamination on Elementary School Student, West Martapura South Kalimantan
Authors: Mutttaqien Fauzan , Khatimah Husnul , Fakhrurrazy Fakhrurrazy , Arganita Fidya Rahmadhany , Maulana Irfan , Yuliana Ida
Published: April 2024

Martapura river had been  discovered of indicators of microbial contamination of drinking water, namely total coliform and E coli which are harmful to health. CTPS program for elementary schools in West Martapura sub-district has been going  for  long time to prevent disease. Tihis study aimed to know the difference in the effectiveness of using Martapura river water for CTPS in elementary school children in Martapura Barat District to preventing E. Coli contamination. The research method used the true experiment method with a posttest only control group design research design. The research group named group (P1) CTPS using processed Martapura river water, group with hand washing soap (P2) CTPS using Martapura river water without being processed and group (K) CTPS with PDAM water . The research subjects were18  elementary student selected by simple random sampling technique.  The object study was the observation of the presence of Escherichia coli bacteria which were found from the hand swabs of elementary school children in West Martapura sub-district whose schools had treated water facilities and did not have treated water facilities. Also taking palm swabs for the research subjects, a quality test for PDAM water, Martapura river water and processed river water at the three elementary schools was carried out and examined at the Banjarbaru BBTKL-PPB Laboratory. The results showed that for CTPS water samples from PDAM water sources only counted 1 CFU E coli/100 ml, while CTPS water from the Martapura River and PAMSIMAS the number of E. coli colonies was > 200 CFU/100 ml. For all samples of palm swabs from the elementary school students, all results were negative for E. Coli CFU / cm2. The conclusion is that there is no difference in the effectiveness of using Martapura River water, both treated and untreated, in the CTPS program in reducing E.Coli numbers.
Relationship of Gross Motor Function Classification System Level with The Incidence of Epilepsy
Authors: Fujianti Annisa , Hidayah Nurul , Triawanti Triawanti , Fakhrurrazy Fakhrurrazy , Bakhriansyah Mohammad
Published: April 2024

Epilepsy is one of the comorbidities or complications that can occur in cerebral palsy (CP) pediatric, the severity of CP can be measured using the gross motor function classification system (GMFCS) level. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of GMFCS level with incidence of epilepsy in CP pediatric at RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin. This research used a cross – sectional method. Subjects were CP pediatric outpatients aged 2-18 years at pediatric polyclinic and medical rehabilitation installation RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin. Samples were obtained with total sampling technique during September-November 2021. Data were analyzed univariate and bivariate by Fisher’s exact test with a significance level of p <0,005. There were 33 CP pediatric who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The result showed that most of the patients were aged 2-5 years (63,6%), male sex (57,6%), severe GMFCS levels (75,8%) and had epilepsy (66,7%). There was a significant correlation of GMFCS level with incidence epilepsy (p=0,008, PR=3,2). It can be concluded that GMFCS level is associated with incidence epilepsy in CP pediatric at RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin.
Cost Minimization Analysis of Oral Antidiabetic Drugs in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patiens at Sultan Suriansyah Hospital January-December 2022 Period
Authors: Ain Farah Noor , Aryzki Saftia , Abdi Muhammad Mahendra
Published: April 2024

Diabetes According to WHO (2016) is a serious chronic disease that occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. The high cost of treating DM patients is reaching USD 1,500 to 9,000 in developing countries. The difference in costs for oral antidiabetics and the high cost analysis method. This study aims to determine the minimum cost between metformin 500 mg and acarbose 100 mg drugs in Sultan Suriansyah Banjarmasin in adult patients. This research was conducted using a cross-sectional design based on medical records and detail of patient costs in January-December 2022. The number of sample in this study were 39 patients. The statistic analysis used in study is the Mann-Whitney test and the Independent T-Test. The result of the analysis of cost minimization based on the average total cost of therapy are Rp 419,560 for metformin 500ng and Rp 680,922 for acarbose 100 mg with a probability value > 0.05 for the cost of co morbidities which means that there is no significant difference between the two drugs. Probability value < 0.05 for antidiabetic oral drug costs, lab costs and total therapy costs which means the there is a significant difference between the two drugs. Conclusion in this study is aral antidiabetic therapy for minimal diabetes mellitus is metformin compared to acarbose.
Anti-Biofilm Activity of Ethanol Extract of Citrus hystrix Dc. Against Opportunistic Pathogenic Microbes In-Vitro
Authors: Budiarti Lia Yulia , Khatimah Husnul , Ridhoni Muhammad Zaki , Hafizhah Ghina , Fachriyad Muhammad , Arietama George
Published: April 2024

Opportunistic pathogenic microbes are often a problem in the treatment of infections because of their ability to form biofilms. The structure of the irreversible components of the glycocalyx or microbial capsule plays a role in protecting it from antimicrobial exposure and disinfection. The effectiveness of antibiofilms needs to be evaluated, including those from natural preparations. Citrus hystrix DC. (C.hystrix) contains antimicrobial compounds and its activity as an antibiofilm needs to be known. This experimental research aims to test the anti-biofilm effect of C.hystrix extract against standard microbial isolates. The dilution method with tube-test was used to analyze the antibiofilm effect of a combination of C. hystrix leaf and peel extracts (6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) with 70% ethanol control. Antibiofilm observations are qualitatively based on the Minimum Biofilm Inhibitory Concentration (MBIC) and quantitatively based on the Mean Gray Value (MGV) of biofilm intensity. The results of observations in 3 experiments showed that the MBIC of C.hystix extract was 6.25% for gram-positive bacteria and 12.5% for gram-negative bacteria and Candida. The average MGV of C.hystrix extract was 75%, equivalent to 70% ethanol for all test microbes (p.0.05). The highest average MGV was produced by 100% combination extracts for S.epidermidis (138,09±0,36), S.aureus (135,69±2,01), E.coli (134,75±0,89), P.aeruginosa (130,76±0,24), and C.albicans (130,41±0,41). In conclusion, hystrix orange leaf and peel extracts produce anti-biofilm activity against test microbes in-vitro.
The Association between Coagulation Parameters, C-Reactive Protein, D-Dimer and In-Hospital Mortality of Covid-19 Patients with Suspected Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Delmi Anwari , Adiputro Dwi Laksono , Nurrasyidah Ira , Yasmina Alfi
Published: April 2024

COVID-19 is a respiratory disease with severe cardiovascular complications, one of them is pulmonary embolism (PE). Studies have shown many contributing factors related to mortality of hospitalized COVID-19 patients that developed pulmonary embolism. This study aimed to find the association between coagulation parameters (PT and APTT), C-reactive protein (CRP), and D-dimer with in-hospital mortality of COVID-19 patients with suspected PE. COVID-19 patients in Ulin General Hospital Banjarmasin who met the clinical criteria of suspected PE, assessed with clinical scorings (Well’s score for PE and Padua prediction score for venous thromboembolism), and receiving anticoagulant therapy recorded in medical records were included in this study. A total of 91 patients were included, with most patients were female (59.3%), average age of 53.36 years, average BMI of 25.82 kg/m2, having normal electrocardiogram (79.1%), with history of hypertension (56%), and no histories of smoking (94.5%), diabetes mellitus (70.3%), heart failure (93.4%), coronary artery disease (96.7%), and chronic lung disease (95.6%).  As much as 39.57% patients with suspected PE was deceased during the course of hospitalization. Unadjusted analysis showed significant increased levels of PT, APTT, and CRP, in deceased patients compared to those discharged alive (mean 14.62 vs 11.91 seconds, 42.94 vs 28.57 seconds, and 98.19 vs 47.01 mg/dL, respectively; p value < 0.01), and a non-significant increased level of D-dimer (mean 10.89 mg/L; p = 0.09). Multivariate logistic regression showed non-significant associations between PT, APTT, D-dimer, and CRP with in-hospital mortality (p values of 0.06, 0.14, 0.52, and 0.23, respectively). In conclusion, there is no association between coagulation parameters, CRP, and D-dimer levels with in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients with suspected PE.  A further study with a larger sample size is needed to see the role of laboratory findings in predicting in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients with suspected PE.
Maternal Complications of Severe Preeclampsia at Tugurejo Hospital, Semarang, 2016-2020
Authors: Widyadhana Indra Renata , Sudiat Muhamad , Fuad Wijayanti
Published: April 2024

Preeclampsia is a condition accompanied by hypertension and proteinuria in pregnancy. Preeclampsia is divided into mild preeclampsia, severe preeclampsia, and superimposed preeclampsia on chronic hypertension. Severe preeclampsia is characterized by systolic pressure ≥160 mmHg and/or diastolic ≥110 mmHg, thrombocytopenia (<100,000 µL), and serum creatinine level >1.1 mg/dl or creatinine level increased from normal levels without coexisting kidney disease. Severe preeclampsia can cause several complications for the mother and fetus. Descriptive research with cross sectional design and retrospective approach. Sampling was in the form of medical records; this study used a total sampling method with a population from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2020. This research was conducted in February 2022 - March 2022 at Tugurejo Hospital, Semarang. Obtained the results of normal delivery as much as 89.5% and severe preeclampsia as much as 588 10.5%, ideal maternal age as much as 73% and risky maternal age as many as 159 cases 27%. In severe preeclampsia with the ideal age, vaginal delivery 51.0%, multigravidas 64.1%, term delivery age 62.5%, no history of hypertension or severe preeclampsia in previous pregnancies 86.7%, and the most complications was pulmonary edema (2.3%). In severe preeclampsia at risk age, vaginal delivery was 52.8%, multigravida was 86.8%, term delivery was 63.5%, had no history of hypertension or severe preeclampsia in previous pregnancies was 64.2%, and complications the most was pulmonary edema (5.7%). The ratio of normal births to severe preeclampsia is 8:1, severe preeclampsia occurs mostly in women of ideal age,At the ideal age and at risk, the majority are abdominal, multigravida, term deliveries, have no history of hypertension and preeclampsia, and the complications found includepulmonary edema, eclampsia, postpartum hemorrhage, placental abruption, HELLP syndrome, heart failure, thrombocytopenia, acute renal failure, hepatic rupture, and maternal death.
PENGARUH VARIASI KOSENTRASI PADA EKSTRAK DAUN BAYAM MERAH SEBAGAI DYE TERHADAP KINERJA DYE SENSITIZED SOLAR CELL (DSSC)
Authors: Hatib Rustan , Anwar Khairil , Soso Ardi Yefta
Published: April 2024

DSSC adalah serangkaian perangkat yang menggunakan energi celah antara semikonduktor dan ikatannya dengan cluster di lapisan tipis untuk mengubah energi cahaya menjadi energi listrik. Struktur perangkat DSSC terdiri dari lima komponen yaitu kaca FTO, TiO2, pewarna, elektrolit dan karbon. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penambahan konsentrasi pewarna ekstrak daun bayam merah memberikan pengaruh terhadap peningkatan nilai arus, tegangan dan efisiensi DSSC. Nilai terendah terdapat pada konsentrasi zat warna 10gr dengan nilai arus 0,0000115 A, tegangan 0,2965 V dan efisiensi 0,009635%. Kemudian terjadi peningkatan dengan nilai arus sebesar 0,0000173 A, tegangan sebesar 0,3301 V, dan efisiensi sebesar 0,01692% pada konsentrasi zat warna 20gr. Pada konsentrasi zat warna 30gr mengalami peningkatan dengan nilai arus 0,0000215 A, tegangan 0,457 V dan efisiensi 0,030618%. Dan nilai tertinggi pada konsentrasi pewarna 40gr dengan nilai arus 0,0000241 A, tegangan 0,566 V dan efisiensi 0,042891%. Sedangkan pada konsentrasi zat warna 50gr terjadi penurunan dengan nilai arus sebesar 0,000023 A, tegangan sebesar 0,508 V dan efisiensi sebesar 0,035797%. DSSC is a series of devices that use the gap energy between semiconductors and their bonds with clusters in thin layers to convert light energy into electrical energy. The structure of the DSSC device consists of five components, namely FTO glass, TiO2, dye, electrolyte and carbon. From the results of the study it can be concluded that the addition of dye concentration of red spinach leaf extract has an effect on increasing the value of current, voltage and efficiency of DSSC. The lowest value is at 10gr dye concentration with a current value of 0.0000115 A, a voltage of 0.2965 V and an efficiency of 0.009635%. Then there was an increase with a current value of 0.0000173 A, a voltage of 0.3301 V, and an efficiency of 0.01692% at a dye concentration of 20gr. At a dye concentration of 30gr it increased with a current value of 0.0000215 A, a voltage of 0.457 V and an efficiency of 0.030618%. And the highest value at a dye concentration of 40gr with a current value of 0.0000241 A, a voltage of 0.566 V and an efficiency of 0.042891%. While at a dye concentration of 50gr there was a decrease with a current value of 0.000023 A, a voltage of 0.508 V and an efficiency of 0.035797%.
PENGARUH VARIASI PENDINGIN DAN MATA PAHAT TERHADAP KEKASARAN PERMUKAAN BAJA ST 37 PADA MESIN BUBUT KONVENSIONAL
Authors: Annafi Helmi Hafidz , Nugraha Andy
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi pahat HSS dan Carbide serta media pendingin (air kelapa, radiator coolant, dan tanpa pendingin) terhadap nilai kekasaran permukaan baja ST 37 dengan menggunakan mesin bubut konvensional.  Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental, yaitu spesimen dipotong sesuai ukuran kemudian dilakukan pembubutan dengan pendinginan yang ditentukan dan selanjutnya dilakukan pengujian. Setelah dilakukan pengujian, didapatkan nilai kekasaran terendah pada pahat tanpa menggunakan media pendingin, dibandingkan dengan menggunakan media pendingin air kelapa dan Radiator Coolant. Sedangkan pada mata pahat, kekasaran terendah diperoleh dengan menggunakan mata pahat HSS dibandingkan dengan menggunakan mata pahat Carbide. This study aims to determine the effect of HSS and Carbide tool variations and cooling media (coconut water, coolant radiator, and no cooling) on the surface roughness value of ST 37 steel using a conventional lathe. This research method uses an experimental method, namely the specimen is cut to size then turned with specified cooling and then tested. After testing, the lowest roughness is obtained without using cooling media, compared to usings coconut water cooling and Radiator Coolant. While on the tool blade, the lowest roughness was obtained by using the HSS tool blade compared to using the Carbide tool blade.
ANALISIS BENTUK DAN KEKUATAN SUPPORT PIPA PADA REINJECTION LINE AKIBAT ADANYA PENAMBAHAN CONTROL VALVE DI PLANT 3 TRAIN C PT. BADAK LNG
Authors: Rahman Arifad , Tamjidillah Mastiadi
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bentuk dan kekuatan penopang pipa pada jalur pipa reinjeksi LGP di PT. BADAK LNG akibat kenaikan beban berkelanjutan yang terjadi akibat penambahan control valve. Saluran pipa sebelum dan sesudah penambahan control valve didesain ulang untuk perbandingan tegangan, kemudian dihitung beban maksimum yang didapat akibat penambahan control valve yaitu beban sustain 172,93 N/mm2 dan beban ekspansi 7,72 N/mm2. Sedangkan beban maksimum dihitung karena penambahan control valve dengan penyangga pipa adalah beban sustain sebesar 97,84 N/mm2 dan beban ekspansi sebesar 8,88 N/mm2. Sedangkan nilai ijin material A33-6 sendiri adalah sustain 137,90 N/mm2 dan ekspansi 206,84 N/mm2. Setelah diketahui kenaikan tegangan sustain melebihi batas material yang diijinkan, maka perlu ditambahkan satu buah penyangga pipa lagi untuk menahan jalur pipa reinjeksi. Tambahan penyangga sepatu pipa menggunakan bahan standar ASTM A36 dengan ketebalan 4 mm. Tegangan maksimum pada control valve yang dihitung setelah analisa adalah 66,49 MPa dengan bahan yang diijinkan sebesar 250 MPa sehingga control valve aman. This study aims to analyze the shape and strength of pipe support in the LGP reinjection pipeline line at PT. BADAK LNG due to the increase in sustained loads that occur due to the addition of the control valve. The pipe line before and after the addition of the control valve is redesigned for voltage comparison, then the maximum load obtained is calculated due to the addition of a control valve that is sustain load 172.93 N/mm2 and expansion load of 7.72 N/mm2. While the maximum load is calculated because the addition of a control valve with pipe support is a sustain load of 97.84 N/mm2 and  expansion load of 8.88 N/mm2. While the allowable value of A33-6 material itself is sustain 137.90 N/mm2 and expansion of 206.84 N/mm2. After it is known that the sustain voltage increase exceeds the allowable material limit, it is necessary to add one more pipe support to hold the reinjection pipe line. Additional pipe shoe support using ASTM A36 standard material with a thickness of 4 mm. Maximum stress on the control valve calculated after the analysis is 66.49 MPa with an allowable material of 250 MPa so that the control valve is safe.
PENGARUH PWHT (POST WELD HEAT TREATMENT) PADA PENGELASAN SMAW TERHADAP KEKERASAN DAN KEKUATAN TEKAN BAJA ST 37
Authors: Irawan Dony , Irawansyah Herry
Published: April 2024

Pada proses pengelasan dapat timbul masalah berupa tegangan sisa setelah pengelasan yang tidak disadari. Tegangan sisa yang berlebihan dapat mengakibatkan terjadinya perubahan bentuk dan keretakan pada hasil pengelasan. Tegangan sisa dapat terjadi sebagai akibat pengelasan dilakukan tanpa melalui perlakuan panas terlebih dahulu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melakukan pengelasan Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) pada baja ST 37 dengan perlakuan panas yaitu Post Welding Heat Treatment (PWHT) dengan variasi tanpa perlakuan, 550°C, 600°C, dan 650°C selanjutnya melakukan dan menganalisis hasil uji kekerasan dan uji tekan. Pada uji kekerasan diperoleh hasil nilai tertinggi pada spesimen tanpa perlakuan PWHT (Post Weld Heat Treatment) di daerah weld metal sebesar 709,43 HVN. Sedangkan nilai terendah didapatkan pada spesimen dengan perlakuan PWHT (Post Weld Heat Treatment) di daerah base metal sebesar 236,45 HVN. Pada uji tekan diperoleh hasil nilai tertinggi pada spesimen tanpa perlakuan PWHT (Post Weld Heat Treatment) sebesar 838,46 MPa. Sedangkan nilai terendah didapatkan pada spesimen dengan perlakuan PWHT (Post Weld Heat Treatment) 550˚C sebesar 755,60 MPa. In the welding procedure, problems can arise in the form of residual stresses after welding that are not realized. Excessive residual stress will cause a permanent deformation, and can even cause cracks in the welding results. Residual stresses can occur as a result of welding being carried out without prior heat treatment. The goal of this research was to perform SMAW on ST 37 steel treatment with heat, namely Post Welding Heat Treatment (PWHT) with variations without treatment, 550°C, 600°C, and 650°C then perform and analyze results of hardness test and bending test. In the hardness test, the highest value was obtained for specimens without PWHT treatment in the weld metal area of 709.43 HVN. While The lowest possible value was attained in specimens treated with PWHT in the base metal area of 236.45 HVN. In the bending test, The maximum possible value was attained on the specimen without PWHT of 838.46 MPa. While the result with the lowest value was in specimens treated with 550˚C PWHT of 755.60 MPa.
ANALISA BAHAN TAMBAH SERBUK BATERAI BEKAS UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEKUATAN TARIK BALING – BALING ALUMINIUM RONGSOKAN
Authors: Khalid Anhar , Norhafani Norhafani
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini menggunakan data yang diperoleh dari hasil pengujian di laboratorium pengujian bahan, yaitu labroatorium uji bahan menggunakan mesin uji tarik. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini dilaksanakan adalah untuk menguji bahan hasil coran dari bahan aluminium rongsokan yang pada proses peleburannya dicampurkan serbuk baterai bekas dapat meningkatkan kualitas kekuatan tarik baling-baling kapal. Pada penelitian ini terdapat variable terikat yaitu kekuatan tarik dan ariabel bebas, yaitu kadar serbuk baterai 20 gr, 30 gr, 40 gr, dan 50 gr. Pengujian dilakukan dengan tahapan melakukan pengecoran alumunium bekas yang ditambahkan dengan serbuk baterai sesuai dengan variable yang telah ditentukan untuk dijadikan spesimen dan selanjutnya melakukan uji tarik pada setiap spesimen. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa perlakuan dengan empat tahap penambahan serbuk baterai bekas yang dikenakan pada paduan aluminium rongsokan memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap nilai kekuatan tariknya yaitu nilai kekuatan tarik lebih tinggi daripada nilai kekuatan tarik control yang hanya diberi perlakuan natural serbuk baterai bekas. This study used data obtained from the results of testing in a materials testing laboratory, namely a materials testing laboratory using a tensile testing machine. The purpose of this research was to test the casting material made from scrap aluminum, which, in the smelting process, when mixed with used battery powder, can improve the quality of the tensile strength of ship propellers. In this study, there were dependent variables, namely tensile strength, and independent variables, namely battery powder content of 20 gr, 30 gr, 40 gr, and 50 gr. The test is carried out by casting aluminum, which is then added to battery powder according to the variables that have been determined to be used as specimens, and then carrying out a tensile test on each specimen. It can be concluded that the treatment with four stages of adding used battery powder applied to scrap aluminum alloy had a significant effect on the tensile strength value, namely that the tensile strength value was higher than the control tensile strength value, which was only given by the natural treatment of used battery powder.
Awareness and practice of Revised Code of Dental Ethics and Consumer Protection Act among dental practitioners in Andhra Pradesh: A cross sectional study
Authors: Penmetsa Gautami S , Praveen Gadde , Ramesh MV , Radha Rani Korukonda
Published: April 2024

Background: Given the imperative for dental practitioners to be familiar with the existing ethical principles and laws governing their practice, this study aimed to evaluate awareness and practice of the dentists (code of ethics) regulations 2014 and consumer protection act 2019 among dental practitioners in Andhra Pradesh state, India. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 384 dental practitioners in Andhra Pradesh state, India. A questionnaire consisting of 25 items was used to assess awareness and practice of the dentists (code of ethics) regulations and consumer protection act. The data collected were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 25.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp. Results: Only 53(13.8%) dental practitioners in the study were aware that the dentists (code of ethics) regulations had been revised in 2014. About 190 (49.5%) practitioners were aware of the precise period for mandatory preservation of patient records. Most dental practitioners (278, 72.4%) accepted commissions in the form of gifts or cash from laboratories, radiologists, or pharmacists and 306 (79.7%) dental practitioners used unregistered dental lab technicians as employees in their practice. Furthermore, 297 (77.3%) practitioners were found to provide or sell drugs to patients in their clinic/office. The new regulations under consumer protection act 2019 were unknown to 194 (50.5%) dental practitioners. Conclusions: The present study indicates that the awareness of dental practitioners towards the dentists (code of ethics) regulations 2014 and consumer protection act 2019 is inadequate. It highlights the need for training programmes and curriculum changes with a focus on ethical and legal issues in clinical dental practice.
Analisis Dampak Program Bantuan Pangan Non-Tunai Terhadap Pengeluaran Konsumsi Rumah Tangga Pertanian di Maluku
Authors:   Departemen Ilmu Ekonomi, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Airlangga, Ridha M. Rismawan , Rumayya Rumayya ,   Departemen Ilmu Ekonomi, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Airlangga
Published: April 2024

Rumah tangga miskin di sektor pertanian tergolong dalam kelompok dengan kerawanan pangan yang tinggi. Sebagai salah satu instrumen dalam mengatasi permasalahan kerawanan pangan, Bantuan Pangan Non-Tunai (BPNT) menyediakan bantuan sosial kepada masyarakat miskin untuk dapat membeli kebutuhan bahan pangan yang cukup dan bernutrisi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak BPNT terhadap pengeluaran rumah tangga miskin sektor pertanian di provinsi Maluku. Dengan menggunakan metode analisis Propensity Score Matching pada data Susenas Maret 2020, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa BPNT memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan pengeluaran makanan, namun tidak untuk pengeluaran total. Rumah tangga miskin pertanian yang menerima BPNT secara rata-rata mengalami kenaikan pengeluaran makanan sebesar 6,52 persen.
Pengaruh Sistem Pembayaran Nontunai dan Penerimaan Pajak terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi
Authors:   Prodi Ekonomi Pembangunan, Fakultas Ekonomika dan Bisnis Universitas Negeri Semarang, Ramadanti Annisa Putri , Kistanti Nurjannah Rahayu ,   Prodi Ekonomi Pembangunan, Fakultas Ekonomika dan Bisnis Universitas Negeri Semarang
Published: April 2024

Teknologi telah menggeser sistem pembayaran dari metode tunai ke nontunai. Hal tersebut diindikasikan berdampak pada sektor fiskal dan pertumbuhan ekonomi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan sistem pembayaran nontunai terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi melalui variabel intervening penerimaan pajak pada tahun 2013–2022. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem pembayaran nontunai yang diproksikan uang elektronik, kartu debit/ATM, dan kartu kredit berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi melalui variabel intervening penerimaan pajak, sementara internet banking tidak berpengaruh. Secara garis besar, sistem pembayaran nontunai berpeluang tumbuh di Indonesia sehingga pembuat kebijakan hendaknya berkolaborasi dengan berbagai pihak, seperti perbankan dan masyarakat untuk meningkatkan penggunaan alat pembayaran nontunai sebagai media pembayaran pajak, serta meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi.
Keunggulan Kompetitif Produk Pangan-Pertanian ASEAN-5 Selama 20 Tahun: Perubahannya Melalui Krisis
Authors:   Pusat Riset Ekonomi Industri, Jasa, dan Perdagangan, Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional, Nugraheni Reninta Dewi , Sabilla Kanetasya ,   Direktorat Kebijakan Ekonomi, Ketenagakerjaan, dan Pengembangan Regional, Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji keunggulan daya saing kompetitif perdagangan luar negeri dengan produk pangan-pertanian lima negara Association of South East Asia Nations (ASEAN), yaitu Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Singapura, dan Filipina antara tahun 2003–2022 dengan membagi waktu menjadi krisis global pada tahun 2009, perang dagang Tiongkok dan Amerika Serikat (AS) pada tahun 2018, dan pandemi COVID-19 pada tahun 2020. Studi ini membangun model ekonometrik dengan menggunakan indikator Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) dan Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA). Hasilnya ditemukan bahwa nilai distribusi RSCA untuk kelima negara telah berubah secara signifikan dari tahun analisis. Guncangan di empat negara telah menghasilkan perubahan signifikan dalam keunggulan kompetitif barang-barang pangan-pertanian. Hasil distribusi RSCA Singapura dan Filipina menyatakan bahwa kedua negara tersebut memiliki kemampuan untuk bertahan dibandingkan negara lain apabila terdapat guncangan ekonomi global.
Pengaruh Persaingan Politik terhadap Anggaran Kesehatan: Studi Kasus pada Kabupaten dan Kota di Indonesia
Authors:   Departemen Ilmu Ekonomi, Fakultas Ekonomika dan Bisnis, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Runtiningsih Sri , Susamto Akhmad Akbar ,   Departemen Ilmu Ekonomi, Fakultas Ekonomika dan Bisnis, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk menganalisis pengaruh persaingan politik terhadap anggaran kesehatan di Indonesia. Analisis dilakukan dengan pendekatan regresi data panel model fixed effect pada kabupaten dan kota di Indonesia tahun 2009–2019. Agar mendapatkan efek robust atau melihat konsistensi hasil analisis, penelitian ini menggunakan tiga formula indeks persaingan politik, yaitu indeks multiparty margin, Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI), dan indeks effective number of party (ENP). Hasil estimasi menunjukkan bahwa hanya persaingan politik legislatif yang secara signifikan dan konsisten berpengaruh negatif terhadap anggaran kesehatan, serupa dengan teori model Leviathan.
Active ageing in Europe: An analysis of the association between labour force participation and health
Authors:   Universidad de Huelva, Márquez-López María Teresa
Published: April 2024

The concept of active ageing arises in response to the challenges posed by the demographic changes that Europe faces. Thus, economic policy has included this concept in its strategy to extend the quality of life of the older people without compromising public finances. The main aim of this work is to analyse the association between two dimensions of this phenomenon: the labour participation of the older people and their impact on health. To this end, we use microdata from the Survey on Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe for the period 2004-2017. Our main results highlight the importance of people older than 50 remaining active to enjoy better health levels.
Transitions from the formal to the informal sector in Latin America
Authors:   Universidad de General Sarmiento, Argentina, Beccaria Luis , Mura Nahuel ,   Universidad de General Sarmiento, Argentina, Filippeto Sonia ,   Universidad de General Sarmiento, Argentina
Published: April 2024

It has been widely discussed whether informality is an exclusionary state or reflects voluntary decisions resulting from the attractiveness it might have. This paper contributes to this discussion by analyzing the main patterns and characteristics of those who transition from formal to informal sector jobs and the effects of these movements on relative earnings by examining data from household surveys for Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, and Peru. The main findings suggest that the composition of the flows of those moving to informal self-employment is more compatible with the exclusionary perspective, while those transitioning to become informal employers tend to have a profile similar to those who remain in the formal sector, aligning with the voluntary view. The behaviour of earnings also supports the heterogeneity view: those becoming self-employed workers experienced a relative loss of income, while those moving to a position as an employer generally experienced a relative increase, in comparison to those who remained in the formal sector.
A phase-I study of second-line S-IROX for unresectable pancreatic cancer after gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel failure
Authors: Okuno Mitsuru , Mukai Tsuyoshi , Iwata Keisuke , Takagi Akihiro , Ito Yuki , Ohashi Yosuke , Tezuka Ryuichi , Iwasa Yuhei , Iwata Shota , Tomita Eiichi
Published: April 2024

Background and aims:
Gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel (GnP) and FOLFIRINOX are widely used as first-line regimens for unresectable pancreatic cancer (PC). When GnP therapy is selected, considering patient age or condition, second-line FOLFIRINOX is sometimes difficult to administer owing to its toxicity. This study aimed to determine the recommended dose (RD) of S-IROX (S-1, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan combination) regimens in patients with unresectable PC after first-line GnP failure.
Methods:
This phase-I study used the “3+3” dose-escalation design with two dose levels. Patients who failed first-line GnP therapy for unresectable PC were enrolled. Oxaliplatin and irinotecan were administered on day 1, and S-1 was administered orally twice daily on days 1–7, followed by 7 days of rest. The primary endpoints were dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) and determination of RD. The secondary endpoint was the evaluation of potential antitumor activity.
Results:
Nine patients received the second-line S-IROX regimen. In level-0 (S-1, 80mg/m2; oxaliplatin, 85mg/m2; and irinotecan, 120mg/m2), no patient experienced DLT; however, one patient experienced grade 3 neutropenia. At level-1 (irinotecan increased to 150mg/m2), one of six patients experienced DLTs, including G3 diarrhea. The RD was confirmed at the level-1 dose. The response rate, disease control rate, median progression-free survival, and median overall survival were 33.3%, 77.8%, 172 (range:77–422) days, and 414 (101–685) days, respectively. One patient underwent surgery after the second-line S-IROX therapy.
Conclusions:
Second-line S-IROX treatment was deemed acceptable. The RD was set at level-1 dose (S-1, 80mg/m2; oxaliplatin, 85mg/m2; and irinotecan, 150mg/m2).
Research on citrus segmentation algorithm based on complex environment
Authors: Zhang Jia Jun , Zhang Peng Chao , Huang Jun Lin , Yue Kai , Guo Zhi Miao
Published: April 2024

Aiming to address the low efficiency of current deep learning algorithms for segmenting citrus in complex environments, this paper proposes a study on citrus segmentation algorithms based on a multi-scale attention mechanism. The DeepLab V3+ network model was utilized as the primary framework and enhanced to suit the characteristics of the citrus dataset. In this paper, we will introduce a more sophisticated multi-scale attention mechanism to enhance the neural network’s capacity to perceive information at different scales, thus improving the model’s performance in handling complex scenes and multi-scale objects. The DeepLab V3+ network addresses the challenges of low segmentation accuracy and inadequate refinement of segmentation edges when segmenting citrus in complex scenes, and the experimental results demonstrate that the improved algorithm in this paper achieves 96.8 % in the performance index of MioU and 98.4 % in the performance index of MPA, which improves the segmentation effectiveness to a significant degree.
A ball screw all-round error compensation technology based on novel hybrid deep learning for CNC machine tool
Authors: Zhou Bo , Chen Guo-Hua , Mao Jie , Li Yi , Zhang Shuai-Wei
Published: April 2024

Considering the detrimental impact of thermal phenomena on the geometric precision of machine tools, a machine tool ball screw’s omni-directional error model is created using the LSTM neural network algorithm. Subsequently, the machine tool ball screw's omni-directional error compensation module is devised by combining the core functions of the Huazhong numerical control system with the visual programming environment of QT and the numerical computation capability of Matlab. To enhance the practicality and accuracy of the compensation model, this study has employed the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) to optimize the parameters of the LSTM model. This has resulted in an improvement in the model's generalization ability and prediction performance, making it more effective. During the experimental validation phase, the Z-axis error of the machine tool was practically operated and analyzed using the compensation method. Results manifestly show that, after employing the compensation method, the peak amplitude of the Z-axis error fluctuations have been notably curtailed to ±0.006 mm – a considerable reduction compared to the initial error bandwidth of ±0.0145 mm. These empirical findings substantiate the efficacy of the proposed compensation strategy in substantially boosting the machining precision of products, thus furnishing a substantial and instructive benchmark for future inquiries into CNC machine tool error compensation technologies.
Binary rat swarm optimizer algorithm for computing independent domination metric dimension problem
Authors: Batiha Iqbal M. , Mohamed Basma
Published: April 2024

In this article, we look at the NP-hard problem of determining the minimum independent domination metric dimension of graphs. A vertex set B of a connected graph G(V,E) resolves G if every vertex of G is uniquely recognized by its vector of distances to the vertices in B. If there are no neighboring vertices in a resolving set B of G, then B is independent. Every vertex of G that does not belong to B must be a neighbor of at least one vertex in B for a resolving set to be dominant. The metric dimension of G, independent metric dimension of G, and independent dominant metric dimension of G are, respectively, the cardinality of the smallest resolving set of G, the minimal independent resolving set, and the minimal independent domination resolving set. We propose the first attempt to use a binary version of the Rat Swarm Optimizer Algorithm (BRSOA) to heuristically calculate the smallest independent dominant resolving set of graphs. The search agent of BRSOA are binary-encoded and used to identify which one of the vertices of the graph belongs to the independent domination resolving set. The feasibility is enforced by repairing search agent such that an additional vertex created from vertices of G is added to B, and this repairing process is repeated until B becomes the independent domination resolving set. Using theoretically computed graph findings and comparisons to competing methods, the proposed BRSOA is put to the test. BRSOA surpasses the binary Grey Wolf Optimizer (BGWO), the binary Particle Swarm Optimizer (BPSO), the binary Whale Optimizer (BWOA), the binary Gravitational Search Algorithm (BGSA), and the binary Moth-Flame Optimization (BMFO), according to computational results and their analysis.
Cytochemical staining for diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia in a canine
Authors: Silva Rúbia Schallenberger da , Torres Stéfani dos Santos , Klaser Bruno Webber , Costa Márcio Machado , Krahl Gissele de Quadros , Dornelles Guilherme Lopes
Published: April 2024

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignant neoplasm arising from the proliferation of hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow, and is considered uncommon in dogs. Due to this, the objective of this study is to report a case of AML of possible myelomonocytic lineage in a canine, highlighting the importance of performing cytochemical staining on blood smears to obtain a definitive diagnosis. A canine, Rottweiler, male, 10 years old, weighing 25.1kg, was treated with a main complaint of apathy, indisposition, anorexia and adipsia for three days. On physical clinical examination, during auscultation he presented muffled heart sounds, pale mucous membranes and cachexia. The blood count showed the presence of anemia, thrombocytopenia and leukemia. The blasts were greater than 30% in relative count, consistent with acute leukemia. The slides were stained using cytochemistry with periodic acid-Schiff and peroxidase, being compatible with cells of myeloid origin (granulocytic and/or monocytic), obtaining a definitive diagnosis of AML of possible myelomonocytic lineage. An abdominal ultrasound (US) was performed, which showed an image suggestive of neoplasm in the liver and spleen. From fine needle cytology guided by US, material was collected from the liver, which showed leukemic infiltration. The patient died within five days and the necroscopic examination was not authorized by the person responsible. It is concluded that a thorough clinical examination associated with the blood count and cytochemical staining of circulating blasts were crucial for obtaining an early and definitive diagnosis of AML of possible myelomonocytic lineage in the patient in this report.
Adenomyosis in a domestic feline: a case report
Authors: Zafalon-Silva Bruna , Felini Eduarda , Zanardo Letícia Helena Grendene , Oliveira Amanda Paim de , Gorczak Rochelle , Coelho Ana Carolina Barreto , França Raquele Teresinha
Published: April 2024

Adenomyosis is a non-neoplastic condition which affects the female reproductive system. This condition is rare in domestic animals, and is characterized by the invasion and abnormal growth of the endometrium into the uterine muscle region. Herein, we describe the histopathological findings of uterine adenomyosis with delayed diagnosis in a three-year-old domestic female cat, of undefined breed, with a history of periodic administration of exogenous progestagens. The cat underwent ovariohysterectomy, during which macroscopic incidental changes of increased volume in the left uterine horn were observed. Microscopic analysis further revealed marked glandular epithelial hyperplasia in the endometrium, along with multiple cystic areas composed of well-differentiated columnar epithelial cells, mild multifocal hemorrhage, and deposition of amphophilic amorphous material. Some glandular structures and cystic dilations were noted in the myometrium. Based on histopathological findings, a diagnosis of cystic endometrial hyperplasia with endometritis and adenomyosis was made. Despite the delayed diagnosis, surgical treatment proved effective in this case.
Occurrence of caseous lymphadenitis in goats from a slaughterhouse in the Brazilian Northeast
Authors: Fernandes Maria da Conceição Rodrigues , Neto Antonio Alves Maia , Lemos Estela Ivone Borges , Silva João Ivysson Assunção , Soares Mônica Ellen da Costa , Silva Dyonatan Fonseca , Pereira José Carlos da Silveira , Feijó Francisco Marlon Carneiro , Bezerra Ana Carla Diógenes Suassuna , Borsuk Sibele , Bezerra Francisco Silvestre Brilhante
Published: April 2024

Caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) is a chronic zoonosis that affects small ruminants globally. CLA is sometimes characterized by its visceral form, which may be associated with late diagnosis during postmortem inspection only. Alternatively, serological diagnosis could be used in the subclinical CLA cases detection due to its high sensitivity. Here, the occurrence of CLA in goats slaughtered in Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte (RN) state, Brazil, was determined and indirect Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and microbiological culture methods were compared. Serum samples were collected from 150 goats and used to perform indirect ELISA using a supernatant of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis as an antigen. Goats were inspected after slaughter and fragments from internal organs suspicious of CLA were collected for microbiological culture. Indirect ELISA detected anti-C. pseudotuberculosis antibodies in 11.33% (17/150) of goats, while C. pseudotuberculosis was detected by microbiological culture in only 2% (3/150). The kappa index (κ = 0. 275) presented a weak agreement between ELISA and microbiological culture. In conclusion, despite the considerable proportion of CLA in goats from a slaughterhouse in Mossoró-RN, there was low detection of C. pseudotuberculosis in microbiological culture, denoting the higher sensitivity of ELISA. These facts could be associated with the long incubation period of C. pseudotuberculosis and the early seroconversion of goats infected.
Ocular sporotrichosis in veterinary medicine professionals: case reports and a warning for zoonotic transmission
Authors: Pereira Gabriela Martins , Mendes Carla Marques Feitosa , Andrade Catharine Ferreira dos Santos , Júnior Edilbert Pellegrini Nahn , Freitas Nélio Artiles , Almeida Adriana Jardim de
Published: April 2024

Sporotrichosis is a dermal zoonosis caused by the fungus of the Sporothrix genus, naturally found in the soil. However, the most relevant transmission, currently, occurs through scratching, biting and contact with the lesions discharge of infected felines, therefore, veterinary doctors, nurses and veterinary medicine students are part of the most affected group by the disease. In humans, the most observed clinical form is the cutaneous lymphatic, yet, reports of other unusual presentations in patients without comorbidities, for example, mucosal and conjunctival involvement, were made. In the present study, two cases of extracutaneous ophthalmic sporotrichosis in humans with the development of sequels were described. This clinical presentation is usually related to the inhalation of spores, but it does not seem to have occurred in any of the cases. It is crucial to elucidate the accidents during the work of veterinarians and the importance of biosafety protocols for these professionals.
Conservative and surgical approach to intra-articular chondrosarcoma in dogs
Authors: Cruvinel Carolina da Silva , Rosado Isabel Rodrigues , Sousa Marcus Vinícius Caetano de , Rodrigues Cecília Gomes , Martin Ian , Alves Endrigo Gabellini Leonel
Published: April 2024

Chondrosarcoma (CSA) is a malignant mesenchymal neoplasm. Diagnosis is made through imaging and histological examinations. The prognosis is guarded, and treatment is predominantly surgical in most cases. The objective of this report is to describe an unusual case of intra-articular CSA associated with a cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) rupture in a dog. A male mixed-breed canine patient, weighing 10.1 kg and nine years old, presented with a history of lameness in the left pelvic limb. After an orthopedic examination, knee radiography and synovial fluid analysis were performed. The results suggested arthritis, joint effusion, and CrCL injury. During surgery, a yellowish mass was identified in the infrapatellar fat pad region, adherent to the cranial portion of the tibial plateau. The mass was excised, and the knee was stabilized using the fabelo-tibial suture technique. Histologically, the tumor exhibited morphological characteristics of well-differentiated chondrosarcoma. The neoplastic cells expressed S100, did not express 1A4, Desmin, AE1AE3, and Osteocalcin, and showed partial expression of Ki67. Adjuvant chemotherapy with doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide was established. The patient had an excellent recovery and was followed up for 455 days postoperatively with no signs of recurrence. In conclusion, a less aggressive surgical approach with limb preservation is an alternative for the treatment of low-grade CSA and should be considered in patients with multiple orthopedic lesions that may compromise ambulation and quality of life.