bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Room-temperature ferromagnetism in Co doped MoS2 sheets
Authors: Xiang ZhongCheng , Zhang Zhong , Xu XiJin , Zhang Qin , Wang QingBao , Yuan Chengwu
Published: May 2015

We synthesized MoS2 nanosheets with varying Co dopant concentrations; the result implied that the values of the magnetic moment decreased with the increase of the Co dopant concentrations.
S-doped Na2Ti6O13@TiO2 core–shell nanorods with enhanced visible light photocatalytic performance
Authors: Liu Chao , Liang Ji-yuan , Han Rui-rui , Wang Yong-zheng , Zhao Jin , Huang Qian-jin , Chen Jing , Hou Wen-hua
Published: May 2015

S-doped Na2Ti6O13@TiO2 core–shell nanorods with exposed anatase {101} facets showed enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity and stability for the degradation of methylene blue owing to the combined effect of hybridization, morphology engineering and S doping.
Intriguing emission properties of triphenylamine–carborane systems
Authors: Kim So-Yoen , Cho Yang-Jin , Jin Guo Fan , Han Won-Sik , Son Ho-Jin , Cho Dae Won , Kang Sang Ook
Published: May 2015

Triphenylamine–carborane systems show three kinds of intriguing emissions that originate from the local excited (LE) state, the twisted intramolecular charge-transfer (TICT) state, and the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) state.
Scaling of anomalous Hall effects in facing-target reactively sputtered Fe4N films
Authors: Zhang Y. , Mi W. B. , Wang X. C. , Zhang X. X.
Published: May 2015

The scaling of the anomalous Hall effect in γ′-Fe4N films is investigated systematically for the first time.
Synthesis and photovoltaic properties of two new alkoxylphenyl substituted thieno[2,3-f]benzofuran based polymers
Authors: Qiu Beibei , Cui Ruili , Yuan Jun , Peng Hongjian , Zhang Zhiguo , Li Yongfang , Zou Yingping
Published: May 2015

Two alkoxylphenyl substituted thieno[2,3-f]benzofuran (TBFP)-based polymers (PTBFP–BT and PTBFP–BO) were synthesized. The PSCs based on PTBFP–BT : PC71BM (1 : 2, w/w) exhibited a promising PCE of 6% with a high FF of 0.69.
On the interaction of triarylmethane dye crystal violet with LAPONITE® clay: using mineral nanoparticles to control the dye photophysics
Authors: Ley C. , Brendlé J. , Walter A. , Jacques P. , Ibrahim A. , Allonas X.
Published: May 2015

The combination of an organic dye with clays leads to very interesting hybrid materials with original properties.
Illuminating CO2 reduction on frustrated Lewis pair surfaces: investigating the role of surface hydroxides and oxygen vacancies on nanocrystalline In2O3−x(OH)y
Authors: Ghuman Kulbir Kaur , Wood Thomas E. , Hoch Laura B. , Mims Charles A. , Ozin Geoffrey A. , Singh Chandra Veer
Published: May 2015

Designing catalytic nanostructures that can convert gaseous CO2 into carbon based fuels is a significant challenge, which requires a keen understanding of the chemistry of reactants, intermediates and products on surfaces.
Structure and magnetic properties of an unusual homoleptic iron(iii) thiocyanate dimer
Authors: Dinsdale D. R. , Lough A. J. , Lemaire M. T.
Published: May 2015

We describe the structural and variable temperature magnetic susceptibility properties of an unusual homoleptic bimetallic iron(iii) thiocyanate tetraanion.
Mechanistic insights into a novel chromone-appended Cu(ii) anticancer drug entity: in vitro binding profile with DNA/RNA substrates and cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 and HepG2 cancer cells
Authors: Yousuf Imtiyaz , Arjmand Farukh , Tabassum Sartaj , Toupet Loic , Khan Rais Ahmad , Siddiqui Maqsood Ahmad
Published: May 2015

DNA/RNA binding studies, the MTT assay and ROS generation by complex1.
Orange-red silver emitters for sensing application and bio-imaging
Authors: Ganguly Mainak , Jana Jayasmita , Das Bodhisatwa , Dhara Santanu , Pal Anjali , Pal Tarasankar
Published: May 2015

Strongly fluorescent HFL-containing Ag@Au particles are synthesized via a modified hydrothermal technique. This solution is used for sulfide sensing and cell imaging.
Solvent-dependent zinc(ii) coordination polymers with mixed ligands: selective sorption and fluorescence sensing
Authors: Hua Ji-Ai , Zhao Yue , Kang Yan-Shang , Lu Yi , Sun Wei-Yin
Published: May 2015

Zinc(ii) MOFs show selective adsorption of CO2 over N2 and good selectivity for the detection of acetone via fluorescence quenching.
Isolation of a germanium(ii) cation and a germylene iron carbonyl complex utilizing an imidazolin-2-iminato ligand
Authors: Ochiai Tatsumi , Franz Daniel , Wu Xiao-Nan , Inoue Shigeyoshi
Published: May 2015

A novel amino(imino)germylene was synthesised. Its conversion with B(C6F5)3 afforded a cyclic germanium(ii) cation in a methyl abstraction and ring closing reaction. The conversion with Fe2(CO)9 furnished a germylene iron carbonyl complex.
NaCrO2 cathode for high-rate sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Yu Chan-Yeop , Park Jae-Sang , Jung Hun-Gi , Chung Kyung-Yoon , Aurbach Doron , Sun Yang-Kook , Myung Seung-Taek
Published: May 2015

Carbon-coated NaCrO2 synthesized via an emulsion method exhibits excellent cyclability and ultrafast rate capability up to a rate of 150 C, demonstrating ideal properties for advanced sodium-ion batteries.
Effects of molecular ozone and hydroxyl radical on formation of N-nitrosamines and perfluoroalkyl acids during ozonation of treated wastewaters
Authors: Pisarenko Aleksey N. , Marti Erica J. , Gerrity Daniel , Peller Julie R. , Dickenson Eric R. V.
Published: May 2015

This study performed experiments to isolate the effects of molecular ozone and hydroxyl radical to gain better understanding of the formation of nitrosamines and PFAAs during ozonation.
A review of the efficacy of dietary polyphenols in experimental models of inflammatory bowel diseases
Authors: Martin Derek A. , Bolling Bradley W.
Published: May 2015

The use of polyphenols in rodent models of inflammatory bowel diseases is reviewed. Many polyphenols inhibit colitis through multiple mechanisms, however higher doses of some treatments may exacerbate inflammation.
Effects of Pu-erh tea aqueous extract (PTAE) on blood lipid metabolism enzymes
Authors: Zeng Liang , Yan Jingna , Luo Liyong , Zhang Dongying
Published: May 2015

Effects of Pu-erh tea aqueous extract (PTAE) on blood lipid metabolism enzymes (e.g.HMGR) are assayedin vitro.
Chiral Rh phosphine–phosphite catalysts immobilized on ionic resins for the enantioselective hydrogenation of olefins in water
Authors: Kleman P. , Barbaro P. , Pizzano A.
Published: May 2015

Rh phosphine–phosphite chiral catalysts immobilized on ion exchange resins provide highly enantioselective hydrogenation of enamides in water.
New eco-friendly extraction of anionic analytes based on formation of layered double hydroxides
Authors: Sansuk Sira , Nanan Suwat , Srijaranai Supalax
Published: May 2015

Novel, simple, rapid, sorbent-free and organic solvent-free extraction of anionic analytes based on formation of layered double hydroxides is presented.
MicroC3: an ex vivo microfluidic cis-coculture assay to test chemosensitivity and resistance of patient multiple myeloma cells
Authors: Pak Chorom , Callander Natalie S. , Young Edmond W. K. , Titz Benjamin , Kim KyungMann , Saha Sandeep , Chng Kenny , Asimakopoulos Fotis , Beebe David J. , Miyamoto Shigeki
Published: May 2015

We have developed a microfluidicscis-coculture assay platform to identify myeloma patient responsesex vivo.
Instant power generation from an air-breathing paper and pencil based bacterial bio-fuel cell
Authors: Veerubhotla Ramya , Bandopadhyay Aditya , Das Debabrata , Chakraborty Suman
Published: May 2015

We present a low-cost, disposable microbial fuel cell fabricated on a paper based platform, having a start-up time of 10 s.
Principles of transverse flow fractionation of microparticles in superhydrophobic channels
Authors: Asmolov Evgeny S. , Dubov Alexander L. , Nizkaya Tatiana V. , Kuehne Alexander J. C. , Vinogradova Olga I.
Published: May 2015

We propose a concept of fractionation of micron-sized particles in a microfluidic device with a bottom wall decorated by superhydrophobic stripes.
Preformed ZnS nanoflower prompted evolution of CuS/ZnS p–n heterojunctions for exceptional visible-light driven photocatalytic activity
Authors: Mondal Chanchal , Singh Ankit , Sahoo Ramkrishna , Sasmal Anup Kumar , Negishi Yuichi , Pal Tarasankar
Published: May 2015

The as-prepared CuS/ZnS heterojunction exhibited an exceptional visible-light driven photocatalytic activity.
Efficient bipolar host materials based on carbazole and 2-methyl pyridine for use in green phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes
Authors: Kim Jwajin , Kim Se Hyun , Lee Ho Won , Lee Song Eun , Kim Young Kwan , Yoon Seung Soo
Published: May 2015

Efficient bipolar host materials for green phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PHOLEDs) were synthesized and their performance in devices was investigated.
Fundamental reaction pathway and free energy profile of proteasome inhibition by syringolin A (SylA)
Authors: Wei Donghui , Tang Mingsheng , Zhan Chang-Guo
Published: May 2015

First-principles QM/MM-FE calculations led to understanding the detailed mechanism of the inhibition reaction of proteasome with SylA.
A synthetic strategy to xylose-containing thioglycoside tri- and tetrasaccharide building blocks corresponding to Cryptococcus neoformans capsular polysaccharide structures
Authors: Guazzelli Lorenzo , Ulc Rebecca , Rydner Lina , Oscarson Stefan
Published: May 2015

C. neoformansthiosaccharide building blocks were prepared and their conversion to glycosyl acceptors as well as use as glycosyl donors investigated.
4-(Dimethylamino)pyridine-catalysed iodolactonisation of γ,δ-unsaturated carboxylic acids
Authors: Meng Chuisong , Liu Zhihui , Liu Yuxiu , Wang Qingmin
Published: May 2015

4-(Dimethylamino)pyridine functioned as an excellent catalyst for iodolactonization reactions of γ,δ-unsaturated carboxylic acids, affording γ-lactones, δ-lactones, or both.
Heteroatom substituted naphthodithiophene–benzothiadiazole copolymers and their effects on photovoltaic and charge mobility properties
Authors: Wang B. , Zhang J. , Shi K. , Tam H. L. , Zhang W. , Guo L. , Pan F. , Yu G. , Zhu F. , Wong M. S.
Published: May 2015

Incorporation of heteroatoms into D–A copolymers enhances the functional properties for applications of OSCs and OFETs.
Large-scale synthesis of organometallic polymer flowers with ultrathin petals for hydrogen peroxide sensing
Authors: Liang Guodong , Li Xiaodong , Bao Suping , Gao Haiyang , Zhu Fangming , Wu Qing
Published: May 2015

A facile and efficient approach for large-scale synthesis of organometallic polymer flowers with ultrathin petals has been developed.
A highly fluorescent zinc complex of a dipodal N-acyl hydrazone as a selective sensor for H2PO4− ions and application in living cells
Authors: Suganya Sivalingam , Velmathi Sivan , Venkatesan Parthiban , Wu Shu-Pao , Boobalan Maria Susai
Published: May 2015

A dipodal N-acyl hydrazone receptor (R1) was synthesized in a single step, and utilized as a test probe for the selective sensing of metal ions as well as anions.
Synthesis and evaluation of the biological activity of N′-[2-oxo-1,2 dihydro-3H-indol-3-ylidene] benzohydrazides as potential anticancer agents
Authors: Katiyar Arpit , Hegde Mahesh , Kumar Sujeet , Gopalakrishnan Vidya , Bhatelia Khyati D. , Ananthaswamy Kavya , Ramareddy Sureshbabu A. , De Clercq Erik , Choudhary Bibha , Schols Dominique , Raghavan Sathees C. , Karki Subhas S.
Published: May 2015

NewN′-[2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-3H-indol-3-ylidene]benzohydrazide derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their cytotoxic properties against murine leukemia, L1210, human leukemia, REH, K562 and CEM and human cervix carcinoma, HeLa cells.
Effect of niobium doping on the microstructure and electrochemical properties of lithium-rich layered Li[Li0.2Ni0.2Mn0.6]O2 as cathode materials for lithium ion batteries
Authors: Li Xiangjun , Xin Hongxing , Liu Yongfei , Li Di , Yuan Xueqin , Qin Xiaoying
Published: May 2015

Upon Nb doping, the electrochemical properties of the Li-rich cathode material are significantly enhanced.
Mesocarbon microsphere composites with Fe3O4 nanoparticles for outstanding electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness
Authors: Dhawan Ridham , Kumari Saroj , Kumar Rajeev , Dhawan S. K. , Dhakate Sanjay R.
Published: May 2015

In situ, development of mesocarbon microsphere (MCMS) composites with magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles for outstanding electromagnetic (EMI) shielding effectiveness.
Core–shell-structured nickel ferrite/onion-like carbon nanocapsules: an anode material with enhanced electrochemical performance for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Han Dandan , Song Gengxin , Liu Bao , Yan He
Published: May 2015

Core–shell-structured nanocapsules consisting of a nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) nanoparticle core encapsulated in an onion-like carbon (C) shell are prepared by a modified arc-discharge method followed by an air-annealing process.
Photoluminescence and photocatalytic activity of monodispersed colloidal “ligand free Ln3+-doped PbMoO4 nanocrystals”
Authors: Ganguli Sagar , Hazra Chanchal , Samanta Tuhin , Mahalingam Venkataramanan
Published: May 2015

Ligand free monodisperse Ln3+ doped PbMoO4 nanocrystals as efficient photocatalyst and phosphor.
Preparation of bulk AgNWs/PEDOT:PSS composites: a new model towards high-performance bulk organic thermoelectric materials
Authors: Liu Yuan , Song Zijun , Zhang Qihao , Zhou Zhenxing , Tang Yijing , Wang Lianjun , Zhu Juanjuan , Luo Wei , Jiang Wan
Published: May 2015

A facile and effective approach is demonstrated to prepare high-performance bulk AgNWs/PEDOT:PSS thermoelectric composites.
Effect of magnetic gamma-iron oxide nanoparticles on the efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Cai Fengshi , Zhang Shixin , Yuan Zhihao
Published: May 2015

Magnetic γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles are introduced into the photoanodes to improve the performance of DSSCs by the γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles-induced internal magnetic field effect.
Competitive biosorption of Cr(vi) and Zn(ii) ions in single- and binary-metal systems onto a biodiesel waste residue using batch and fixed-bed column studies
Authors: Muthusamy Shanmugaprakash , Venkatachalam Sivakumar
Published: May 2015

A feasible biosorption process for the removal of Cr(vi) and Zn(ii) ions from single and binary solutions onto a defatted pongamia oil cake (DPOC) was investigated.
Highly moisture-resistant epoxy composites: an approach based on liquid nano-reinforcement containing well-dispersed activated montmorillonite
Authors: Jia Xiaolong , Zheng Junyi , Lin Song , Li Wenbin , Cai Qing , Sui Gang , Yang Xiaoping
Published: May 2015

A one-step reaction approach was exploited to prepare an activated liquid nano-reinforcement (BGE-MMTs) for enhancing moisture-barrier characteristics of epoxy composites.
Fabrication, characterisation and in vitro biological activities of a sulfuretin-supplemented nanofibrous composite scaffold for tissue engineering
Authors: Koo YoungWon , Lee Hyeongjin , Kim Suji , Song No-Joon , Ku Jin-Mo , Lee JaeHwan , Choi Chang Hyun , Park Kye Won , Kim GeunHyung
Published: May 2015

A biocomposite consisting of PCL/BMP-2 and sulfuretin/alginate was proposed. Evaluation of in vitro cellular activities demonstrated that the sulfuretin can act as an outstanding biological component for enhancing bone tissue growth.
Synthesis of galactofuranosyl-(1 → 5)-thiodisaccharide glycomimetics as inhibitors of a β-d-galactofuranosidase
Authors: Lo Fiego Marcos J. , Marino Carla , Varela Oscar
Published: May 2015

Description of the synthesis, molecular modeling and inhibitory properties of furanosyl thiodisaccharides that are mimetics of the motif β-d-Galf-(1 → 5)-d-Galf, found in glycoconjugates of pathogenic microorganisms.
Solubility prediction of supercritical carbon dioxide in 10 polymers using radial basis function artificial neural network based on chaotic self-adaptive particle swarm optimization and K-harmonic means
Authors: Li Mengshan , Huang Xingyuan , Liu Hesheng , Liu Bingxiang , Wu Yan , Wang Lijiao
Published: May 2015

Excellent prediction modeling of CO2solubility in polymers using hybrid computation algorithm.
Molecularly imprinted cryogel cartridges for the specific filtration and rapid separation of interferon alpha
Authors: Çorman Mehmet Emin , Armutcu Canan , Özkara Serpil , Uzun Lokman , Denizli Adil
Published: May 2015

Molecularly imprinted cryogel-based specific filtration cartridges for highly selective, repeatable and fast interferon α-2b separation even if under competitive conditions.
Anti-inflammatory sesquiterpenes from the medicinal herb Tanacetum sinaicum
Authors: Hegazy Mohamed-Elamir F. , Hamed Ahmed R. , Mohamed Tarik A. , Debbab Abdessamad , Nakamura Seikou , Matsuda Hisashi , Paré Paul W.
Published: May 2015

New sesquiterpenes tanacetolide A–C (1–3) were isolated from aTanacetum sinaicumextract together with known compounds (4–10).
Shape and composition control of Bi19S27(Br3−x,Ix) alloyed nanowires: the role of metal ions
Authors: Wu Yihui , Pan Huanhuan , Zhou Xin , Li Mingrun , Zhou Bin , Yang Chi , Zhang Wen-Hua , Jie Jiansheng , Li Can
Published: May 2015

Highly uniform single-crystalline Bi19S27(Br3−x,Ix) alloyed nanowires (NWs) (0 ≤ x ≤ 3) were achieved for the first time. The NWs show a composition-independent band gap and have great application potential in optoelectronic devices.
‘Soft’ amplifier circuits based on field-effect ionic transistors
Authors: Boon Niels , Olvera de la Cruz Monica
Published: May 2015

We demonstrate using numerical simulations and theory that Field Effect ionic Transistors (FEiT), in which ion currents are gated inside soft materials, can be used as voltage amplifiers or in building logical circuits.
Construction of unique Co3O4@CoMoO4 core/shell nanowire arrays on Ni foam by the action exchange method for high-performance supercapacitors
Authors: Gu Zhengxiang , Wang Ruanfeng , Nan Honghong , Geng Baoyou , Zhang Xiaojun
Published: May 2015

In this work, hierarchical Co3O4@CoMoO4 core/shell nanowire arrays on nickel foam are fabricated by a facile hydrothermal ion exchange method.
Thermoelectric properties of Ge doped n-type TixZr1−xNiSn0.975Ge0.025half-Heusler alloys
Authors: Liu Yuanfeng , Poudeu Pierre F. P.
Published: May 2015

Manipulating the band gap of ZrNiSn (half-Heusler) alloys through isoelectronic substitutions at Ti/Zr and Sn/Ge sites, and nanostructuring afford a simultaneous enhancement of thermopower and reduction in thermal conductivity leading to a significant increase in theZTvalue.
Synthesis and study of electrochemical and optical properties of substituted perylenemonoimides in solutions and on solid surfaces
Authors: Ahmed Zafar , George Lijo , Hiltunen Arto , Lemmetyinen Helge , Hukka Terttu , Efimov Alexander
Published: May 2015

We present a new and efficient methodology towards the synthesis of 7-pyrrolidinyl and 7,12-bispyrrolidinyl perylenemonoimide and deposition of their self-assembling monolayers on ZnO and TiO2 films.
An efficient cocatalyst of defect-decorated MoS2 ultrathin nanoplates for the promotion of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution over CdS nanocrystal
Authors: Xiong Jinhua , Liu Yuhao , Wang Dengke , Liang Shijing , Wu Weiming , Wu Ling
Published: May 2015

A defect-rich MoS2 ultrathin nanoplate was obtained via a facile method, which showed an excellent promotion for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution over CdS nanocrystals due to its unique structural features.
Novel Fe(ii) spin crossover complexes involving a chalcogen-bond and π-stacking interactions with a paramagnetic and nonmagnetic M(dmit)2 anion (M = Ni, Au; dmit = 4,5-dithiolato-1,3-dithiole-2-thione)
Authors: Okai Mitsunobu , Takahashi Kazuyuki , Sakurai Takahiro , Ohta Hitoshi , Yamamoto Takashi , Einaga Yasuaki
Published: May 2015

A novel Fe(ii) complex with a π-radical anion exhibited a complete spin crossover transition with a stable paramagnetic state due to a strong chalcogen-bond and π-stacking interactions.
Mineralocorticoid receptor blockade prevents vascular remodelling in a rodent model of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Silva Marcondes Alves B. , Cau Stefany Bruno A. , Lopes Rheure Alves M. , Manzato Carla P. , Neves Karla B. , Bruder-Nascimento Thiago , Mestriner Fabiola Leslie Antunes C. , Montezano Augusto C. , Cat Aurelie Nguyen Dinh , Touyz Rhian M. , Tostes Rita C.
Published: May 2015

Mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs), which are activated by mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids, actively participate in mechanisms that affect the structure and function of blood vessels. Although experimental and clinical evidence shows that vascular damage in diabetes is associated with structural alterations in large and small arteries, the role of MR in this process needs further studies. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that MR, through redox-sensitive mechanisms, plays a role in diabetes-associated vascular remodelling. Male, 12–14-weeks-old db/db mice, a model of type 2 diabetes and their non-diabetic counterpart controls (db/+) were treated with spironolactone (MR antagonist, 50 mg/kg/day) or vehicle for 6 weeks. Spironolactone treatment did not affect blood pressure, fasting glucose levels or weight gain, but increased serum potassium and total cholesterol in both, diabetic and control mice. In addition, spironolactone significantly reduced serum insulin levels, but not aldosterone levels in diabetic mice. Insulin sensitivity, evaluated by the HOMA (homoeostatic model assessment)-index, was improved in spironolactone-treated diabetic mice. Mesenteric resistance arteries from vehicle-treated db/db mice exhibited inward hypertrophic remodelling, increased number of smooth muscle cells and increased vascular stiffness. These structural changes, determined by morphometric analysis and with a myography for pressurized arteries, were prevented by spironolactone treatment. Arteries from vehicle-treated db/db mice also exhibited augmented collagen content, determined by Picrosirius Red staining and Western blotting, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, determined by dihydroethidium (DHE) fluorescence, as well as increased expression of NAD(P)H oxidases 1 and 4 and increased activity of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Spironolactone treatment prevented all these changes, indicating that MR importantly contributes to diabetes-associated vascular dysfunction by inducing oxidative stress and by increasing the activity of redox-sensitive proteins.
Real‐world gender classification via local Gabor binary pattern and three‐dimensional face reconstruction by generic elastic model
Authors: Moeini Ali , Faez Karim , Moeini Hossein
Published: May 2015

In this study, a novel method is proposed for gender classification by adding facial depth features to texture features. Accordingly, the three‐dimensional (3D) generic elastic model is used to reconstruct the 3D model from human face using only a single 2D frontal image. Then, the texture and depth are extracted from the reconstructed face model. Afterwards, the local Gabor binary pattern (LGBP) is applied to both facial texture and reconstructed depth to extract the feature vectors from both texture and reconstructed depth images. Finally, by combining 2D and 3D feature vectors, the final LGBP histogram bins are generated and classified by the support vector machine. Favourable outcomes are acquired for gender classification on the labelled faces in the wild and FERET databases based on the proposed method compared to several state‐of‐the‐arts in gender classification.
Optical modelling for concentrating photovoltaic systems: insolation transfer variations with solar source descriptions
Authors: Cole Ian Richard , Gottschalg Ralph
Published: May 2015

Point source, pillbox and circumsolar ratio‐dependent extended light source Sun models are used as solar source inputs into an analytical optical ray trace model for the calculation of plane restricted illumination profiles generated by three example lenses. The example lenses are: a low iron soda‐lime glass plano‐convex lens, a poly (methyl) methacrylate (PMMA) 3‐facet Fresnel lens and a PMMA 20‐facet Fresnel lens. Significant differences in illumination profiles are found with solar source description variation. Most notably, it is found that chromatic aberrations and spectrally variant effects specific to the multi‐junction solar cell architecture are only identified using the extended light source Sun model. The spectral dependency of material optical properties are analysed in the context of the multi‐junction cell architecture by means of spectrally weighted averages corresponding to the active range of the sub‐cells.
Integrated particle filter for target tracking in clutter
Authors: Radosavljević Zvonko , Mušicki Darko , Kovačević Branko , Kim Woo Chan , Song Taek Lyul
Published: May 2015

In a typical surveillance situation the number and the trajectories of targets are a priori unknown. Each measurement has an unknown source; either clutter, a target being tracked or a new target. The tracks are initialised and updated using measurements, thus both true and false tracks exist at any given time. The authors present a particle filter approach which recursively calculates the probability of target existence, which may be used as a track quality measure for the false track discrimination. Single target, joint multitarget and linear multitarget versions are presented. The algorithms assume manoeuvring (multiple trajectory propagation models) targets and state dependent probability of target detection.
Structural and topological aspects of borophosphate glasses and their relation to physical properties
Authors: Hermansen Christian , Youngman Randall E. , Wang John , Yue Yuanzheng
Published: May 2015

We establish a topological model of alkali borophosphate and calcium borophosphate glasses, which describes the effect of both the network formers and network modifiers on physical properties. We show that the glass transition temperature (Tg), Vickers hardness (HV), liquid fragility (m), and isobaric heat capacity jump at Tg (ΔCp) of these glasses are related to the network topology, which is determined by structure of the glass. Therefore, we also demonstrate that the temperature dependent constraint theory can quantitatively explain the mixed network former effect in borophosphate glasses. The origin of the effect of the type of network modifying oxide on Tg, HV, m, and ΔCp of calcium borophosphate glasses is revealed in terms of the modifying ion sub-network. The same topological principles quantitatively explain the significant differences in physical properties between the alkali and the calcium borophosphate glasses. This work has implications for quantifying structure-property relations in complex glass forming systems containing several types of network forming and modifying oxides.
A differential electromagnetic induction torque sensor and its finite element analysis
Authors: Hao Zhao
Published: May 2015

Torque is an important parameter for condition monitoring and fault diagnosis for rotary machines. This paper describes a new structure differential torque sensor based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. The method involves the construction of a pulsating flux by the excitation winding of the sensor, and the torsion angle produced by the load torque is converted into the angle displacements of the excitation winding and the output winding. Last, the output winding of sensor generates an induction potential force, which is proportional to the load torque as seen through electromagnetic coupling. Sensor sensitivity would be reduced by load effect; therefore, this paper presents a suppression method that can ensure the sensitivity is not affected. The transfer function of the sensor is constructed through Laplace transformation. The sensor characteristics are simulated by finite elements, including the influence of winding coil numbers and excitation voltage frequency. The sensor was calibrated by a torsion testing machine, and the experimental results indicated that the sensitivity of the sensor is about 18.2 mV/Nm, the non-repeatability error is about 2.3%, the non-linear error is about 3.3%, and the hysteresis error is about 2.6%.
Quaternary AlInGaN/InGaN quantum well on vicinal c-plane substrate for high emission intensity of green wavelengths
Authors: Park Seoung-Hwan , Pak Y. Eugene , Park Chang Young , Mishra Dhaneshwar , Yoo Seung-Hyun , Cho Yong-Hee , Shim Mun-Bo , Kim Sungjin
Published: May 2015

Electronic and optical properties of non-trivial semipolar AlInGaN/InGaN quantum well (QW) structures are investigated by using the multiband effective-mass theory and non-Markovian optical model. On vicinal c-plane GaN substrate miscut by a small angle (θ < 40°) from c-plane, the AlInGaN/InGaN system is shown to have ∼3 times larger spontaneous emission peak intensity than the conventional InGaN/GaN system at green wavelength. It is attributed to much larger optical matrix element of the quaternary AlInGaN/InGaN system, derived from the reduction of internal electric field induced by polarizations. This effect exceeds the performance-degrading factor of smaller quasi-Fermi-level separation for the quaternary AlInGaN/InGaN system than that for the conventional InGaN/GaN system. Results indicate that the use of quaternary III-nitride QWs on vicinal substrates may be beneficial in improving the performance of optical devices emitting green light.
Stable half-metallic monolayers of FeCl2
Authors: Torun E. , Sahin H. , Singh S. K. , Peeters F. M.
Published: May 2015

The structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of single layers of Iron Dichloride (FeCl2) were calculated using first principles calculations. We found that the 1T phase of the single layer FeCl2 is 0.17 eV/unit cell more favorable than its 1H phase. The structural stability is confirmed by phonon calculations. We found that 1T-FeCl2 possess three Raman-active (130, 179, and 237 cm−1) and one infrared-active (279 cm−1) phonon branches. The electronic band dispersion of the 1T-FeCl2 is calculated using both gradient approximation of Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof and DFT-HSE06 functionals. Both functionals reveal that the 1T-FeCl2 has a half-metallic ground state with a Curie temperature of 17 K.
Formation of graded vanadium oxide (V–O compound) under strong gravitational field
Authors: Khandaker Jahirul Islam , Tokuda Makoto , Ogata Yudai , Januszko Kamila , Nishiyama Tadao , Yoshiasa Akira , Mashimo Tsutomu
Published: May 2015

Sedimentation of atoms induced under strong gravitational field gives a tool for controlling elemental compositions in condensed matter. We performed a strong-gravity experiment (0.397 × 106 G at 400 °C for 24 h) on a V2O5 polycrystal using the high-temperature ultracentrifuge to examine the composition change and further the structure change. The graded composition structure of V and O was formed along gravity direction, where V increases and O decreases with gravity. It was found by the x-ray diffraction and Raman scattering method that VO2 and V2O3 phases appeared and the amounts increased, while one of the V2O5 phase decreased gradually along gravity direction. The X-ray absorption near edge structure spectra analysis identified the chemical valency decrease (+5 to +3). The UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy addressed the shifting in center of major absorption peak to longer wavelength (red shift) with the increase in gravitational field. The tail absorption peak (band gap 2.09 eV) at strong gravity region in the graded structure showed transparent conductive oxide.
Research Update: Enabling ultra-thin lightweight structures: Microsandwich structures with microlattice cores
Authors: Kolodziejska J. A. , Roper C. S. , Yang S. S. , Carter W. B. , Jacobsen A. J.
Published: May 2015

We achieve the benefits of large-scale structural hierarchy at the micro-scale by utilizing a self-propagating photopolymer waveguide process to form ultra-thin sandwich structures. A single step forms the microlattice sandwich core and bonds the core to both facesheets, minimizing adhesive mass and manufacturing time, with core thicknesses <2 mm, facesheet thicknesses ranging from 12.7 to 300 μm, areal densities 0.030–0.041 g cm−2, and flexural rigidity per unit width up to 0.62 Nm. This work extends the lightweighting benefit of sandwich structures to lower thicknesses and areal densities that were previously the exclusive domain of monolithic materials.
Role of ambient dielectric in propagation of Ar atmospheric pressure nonequilibrium plasma jets
Authors: Song Jian , Tang Jingfeng , Wang Youyin , Wei Liqiu , Ren Chunsheng , Yu Daren
Published: May 2015

A single-electrode atmospheric pressure nonequilibrium plasma jet surrounded with different ambient dielectrics is investigated driven by AC power supply. Another three ambient dielectrics, distilled water, ethanol, and carbon tetrachloride, are adopted to compare with air. By examining electrical and optical characteristics, it was found that the molecular polarity of ambient dielectrics had its significant effect on the propagation of atmospheric pressure nonequilibrium plasma jets. When the polarization of molecules was enhanced, the discharge current and the bullet velocity were also increased. For nonpolar dielectric of carbon tetrachloride, this was mainly resulted from the electron polarization in the built-in electric field. For polar dielectrics of ethanol and distilled water, in addition to the electron polarization, orientation polarization was the main cause for the further increase in discharge current and bullet velocity.
Recovering ferromagnetic metal surfaces to fully exploit chemistry in molecular spintronics
Authors: Galbiati Marta , Delprat Sophie , Mattera Michele , Mañas-Valero Samuel , Forment-Aliaga Alicia , Tatay Sergio , Deranlot Cyrile , Seneor Pierre , Mattana Richard , Petroff Frédéric
Published: May 2015

Organic spintronics is a new emerging field that promises to offer the full potential of chemistry to spintronics, as for example high versatility through chemical engineering and simple low cost processing. However, one key challenge that remains to be unlocked for further applications is the high incompatibility between spintronics key materials such as high Curie temperature Co, Ni, Fe (and their alloys) and wet chemistry. Indeed, the transition metal proneness to oxidation has so far hampered the integration of wet chemistry processes into the development of room temperature organic spintronics devices. As a result, they had mainly to rely on high vacuum physical processes, restraining the choice of available organic materials to a small set of sublimable molecules. In this letter, focusing on cobalt as an example, we show a wet chemistry method to easily and selectively recover a metallic surface from an air exposed oxidized surface for further integration into spintronics devices. The oxide etching process, using a glycolic acid based solution, proceeds without increasing the surface roughness and allows the retrieval of an oxygen-free chemically active cobalt layer. This unlocks the full potential of wet chemistry processes towards room temperature molecular spintronics with transition metals electrodes. We demonstrate this by the grafting of alkylthiols self-assembled monolayers on recovered oxidized cobalt surfaces.
Biofunctionalized nanoslits for wash-free and spatially resolved real-time sensing with full target capture
Authors: Leïchlé Thierry , Chou Chia-Fu
Published: May 2015

We propose biofunctionalized nanofluidic slits (nanoslits) as an effective platform for real-time fluorescence-based biosensing in a reaction-limited regime with optimized target capture efficiency. This is achieved by the drastic reduction of the diffusion length, thereby a boosted collision frequency between the target analytes and the sensor, and the size reduction of the sensing element down to the channel height comparable to the depletion layer caused by the reaction. Hybridization experiments conducted in DNA-functionalized nanoslits demonstrate the analyte depletion and the wash-free detection ∼10 times faster compared to the best microfluidic sensing platforms. The signal to background fluorescence ratio is drastically increased at lower target concentrations, in favor of low-copy number analyte analysis. Experimental and simulation results further show that biofunctionalized nanoslits provide a simple means to study reaction kinetics at the single-pixel level using conventional fluorescence microscopy with reduced optical depth.
Effect of Catalyst Properties on Hydrocracking of Pyrolytic Lignin to Liquid Fuel in Supercritical Ethanol
Authors: Yao Qian , Tang Zhe , Guo Jian-hua , Zhang Ying , Guo Qing-xiang
Published: May 2015

The metal-acid bifunctional catalysts have been used for bio-oil upgrading and pyrolytic lignin hydrocracking. In this work, the effects of the metal-acid bifunctional catalyst properties, including acidity, pore size and supported metal on hydrocracking of pyrolytic lignin in supercritical ethanol and hydrogen were investigated at 260 °C. A series of catalysts were prepared and characterized by BET, XRD, and NH3-TPD techniques. The results showed that enhancing the acidity of the catalyst without metal can promote pyrolytic lignin polymerization to form more solid and condensation to produce more water. The pore size of microporous catalyst was smaller than mesoporous catalyst. Together with strong acidity, it caused pyrolytic lignin further hydrocrack to numerous gas. Introducing Ru into acidic catalysts promoted pyrolytic lignin hydrocracking and inhibited the polymerization and condensation, which caused the yield of pyrolytic lignin liquefaction product to increase significantly. Therefore, bifunctional catalyst with high hydrocracking activity metal Ru supported on materials with acidic sites and mesopores was imperative to get satisfactory results for the conversion of pyrolytic lignin to liquid products under supercritical conditions and hydrogen atmosphere.
Computational Exploration of Conformations of Glycine-Arginine and a Deduced Model on Global Minimum Configurations of Dipeptides in Gas Phase
Authors: Yang Kai-yi , Yang Bing , Lin Zi-jing
Published: May 2015

An extensive computational study on the conformations of gaseous dipeptide glycine-arginine, GlyArg, has been performed. A large number of trail structures were generated by systematically sampling the potential energy surface (PES) of GlyArg. The trial structures were successively optimized with the methods of PM3, HF/3-21G*, BHandHLYP/6-31G* and BHandHLYP/6-311++G** in order to reliably find the low energy conformations. The conformational energies were finally determined with the methods of BHandHLYP, cam-B3LYP, B97D, and MP2 using the basis set of 6-311++G(3df,3pd). The results establish firmly that gaseous GlyArg exists primarily in its canonical form, in sharp contrast with ArgGly that adopts the zwitterionic form. Important data such as the rotational constants, dipole moments, vertical ionization energies, temperature distributions and IR spectra of the low energy conformers are represented for the understanding of the future experiments. Moreover, considering the global minima of all amino acids and many dipeptides, combined with the hydrophobicities of amino acids, a model predicting whether the global minimum configuration of a dipeptide is canonical or zwitterionic is developed.
First-Principles Study of Ca3Sc2Si3O12:Ce3+ Phosphors
Authors: Ding Wen , Wen Jun , Cheng Jun , Ning Li-xin , Huang Yu-cheng , Duan Chang-kui , Yin Min
Published: May 2015

Charge compensation plays a very important role in modifying the local atomic structure and moreover the spectroscopic property of an isolated luminescent center, and so has been widely adopted in phosphor designs. In this work, we carry out first-principles calculations on various cases of Ce3+ centers in Ca3Sc2Si3O12 by considering the effects of the charge compensations related to N3−, Sc3+, Mn2+, Mg2+, and Na+. Firstly, the local structures around Ce3+ are optimized by using density functional theory calculations with supercell model. The 4f→5d transition energies of Ce3+ are then obtained from the CASSCF/CASPT2/RASSI-SO calculations performed on Ce3+-centered embedded clusters. The calculated energies support the previous assignments of the experimental spectra. Especially, a previously unclear peak is identified to be caused by Sc3+ substituting Si4+. The results show that the first-principles calculations can be used as an effective tool for predicting and interpreting spectroscopic properties of the phosphors.
Impact of Oxygen Vacancy on Band Structure Engineering of n-p Codoped Anatase TiO2
Authors: Meng Qiang-qiang , Wang Jia-jun , Huang Jing , Li Qun-xiang
Published: May 2015

Doping with various impurities is an effective approach to improve the photoelectrochemical properties of TiO2. Here, we explore the effect of oxygen vacancy on geometric and electronic properties of compensated (i.e. V-N and Cr-C) and non-compensated (i.e. V-C and Cr-N) codoped anatase TiO2 by performing extensive density functional theory calculations. Theoretical results show that oxygen vacancy prefers to the neighboring site of metal dopant (i.e. V or Cr atom). After introduction of oxygen vacancy, the unoccupied impurity bands located within band gap of these codoped TiO2 will be filled with electrons, and the position of conduction band offset does not change obviously, which result in the reduction of photoinduced carrier recombination and the good performance for hydrogen production via water splitting. Moreover, we find that oxygen vacancy is easily introduced in V-N codoped TiO2 under O-poor condition. These theoretical insights are helpful for designing codoped TiO2 with high photoelectrochemical performance.
Electroless Deposition of Nickel Nanowire and Nanotube Arrays as Supports for Pt-Pd Catalyst for Ethanol Electrooxidation
Authors: Yang Pei-xia , Zhang Jie , Liu Lei , An Mao-zhong
Published: May 2015

Nickel nanowire and nanotube arrays as supports for Pt-Pd catalyst were prepared by electroless deposition with anodic aluminum oxide template. Pt-Pd composite catalyst was deposited on the arrays by displacement reaction. SEM images show that the nickel nanowires have an average diameter of 100 nm and the nickel nanotubes have an average inner diameter of 200 nm. EDS scanning reveals that elemental Pt and Pd disperse uniformly on the arrays. Cyclic voltammetry study indicates that the nickel nanotube array loaded with Pt-Pd possesses a higher electrochemical activity for ethanol oxidation than the nickel nanowire array with Pt-Pd.
Crystal Structure and Magnetic Property of 2-(Imidazo[1,2-a]pyri-din-2-yl)-2-oxoacetic Acid and Its Perchlorate
Authors: Shen Chen , Zhang Yi-man , Yong Guo-ping
Published: May 2015

We herein report two crystals based on 2-(imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl)-2-oxoacetic acid radical and its perchlorate, and investigate the relationship between magnetic properties and crystal stacking structures or supramolecular interactions. 2-(Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl)-2-oxoacetic acid radical in two crystals mainly exist as diamagnetic dimer formed via short atomic contacts or supramolecular interactions (hydrogen bonds, anion-π or lone-pair-π interactions), leading to low magnetic susceptibilities. 2-(Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl)-2-oxoacetic acid radical crystal exhibits quasi-one-dimensional columnar stacking chain and weak antiferromagnetism. However, its perchlorate crystal possesses one-dimensional double-stranded chain structure assembled through double hydrogen bonds and anion-π interactions, and reveals weak ferromagnetism.
The suburban question: grassroots politics and place making in Spanish suburbs
Authors: Phelps Nicholas A , Vento Amparo Tarazona , Roitman Sonia
Published: May 2015

Manuel Castells spoke of the urban as a unit of collective consumption, yet much of the politics of collective consumption he documented was evident in the suburbs. The tendency for suburbs of most complexions to lack services and amenities has been and continues to be a focus of politics in Europe. In Spain, as elsewhere in Europe, a grassroots politics surrounding the making good of these deficits in basic services and amenities has broadened and formalised somewhat to become part of a competitive local representative politics concerned with shaping a sense of place. Here we consider this legacy of grassroots politics as it has played out more recently in a politics of place making in Getafe and Badalona in metropolitan Madrid and Barcelona, respectively. In conclusion, we suggest that this enduring suburban question—of making the suburban urban—places them at the centre of contemporary metropolitan governance and politics. However, it also raises further issues for study—notably, the scalar politics in which suburban place making is empowered or constrained, the role of political parties and individual politicians on the place-making process, and the point at which grassroots politics of collective consumption becomes urban entrepreneurialism.
Choquet integration on Riesz spaces and dual comonotonicity
Authors: Cerreia-Vioglio Simone , Maccheroni Fabio , Marinacci Massimo , Montrucchio Luigi
Published: May 2015

We give a general integral representation theorem for nonadditive functionals defined on an Archimedean Riesz space

X
X

with unit. Additivity is replaced by a weak form of modularity, or, equivalently, dual comonotonic additivity, and integrals are Choquet integrals. Those integrals are defined through the Kakutani isometric identification of

X
X

with a

C

(
K
)

C\left (K\right )

space. We further show that our notion of dual comonotonicity naturally generalizes and characterizes the notions of comonotonicity found in the literature when

X
X

is assumed to be a space of functions.
Gradient estimates of harmonic functions and transition densities for Lévy processes
Authors: Kulczycki Tadeusz , Ryznar Michał
Published: May 2015

We prove gradient estimates for harmonic functions with respect to a

d
d

-dimensional unimodal pure-jump Lévy process under some mild assumptions on the density of its Lévy measure. These assumptions allow for a construction of an unimodal Lévy process in

R

d
+
2

\mathbb {R}^{d+2}

with the same characteristic exponent as the original process. The relationship between the two processes provides a fruitful source of gradient estimates of transition densities. We also construct another process called a difference process which is very useful in the analysis of differential properties of harmonic functions. Our results extend the gradient estimates known for isotropic stable processes to a wide family of isotropic pure-jump processes, including a large class of subordinate Brownian motions.
Competitive Pressure and Technology Adoption: Evidence from a Policy Reform in Western Canada
Authors: Ferguson Shon M. , Olfert M. Rose
Published: May 2015

We estimate the impact that removing a railway transportation subsidy has on the adoption of production technology for Western Canadian farms by using a unique combination of census and freight rate data. We exploit the large regional variation in these one‐time freight rate increases to identify causal effects of increased competitive pressure. Using a difference‐in‐differences methodology, we find that higher freight rates—and hence lower farm gate prices—induced farmers to adopt new, more efficient production technology. We also find that farmers experiencing the greatest transportation cost increases also increased their fertilizer usage and made significant land use changes.
Discovery of a new group of double-periodic RR Lyrae stars in the OGLE-IV photometry
Authors: Netzel H. , Smolec R. , Dziembowski W.
Published: May 2015

We report the discovery of a new group of double-periodic RR Lyrae stars from the analysis of the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment - IV (OGLE-IV) Galactic bulge photometry. In 11 stars identified in the OGLE catalogue as first overtone pulsators (RRc stars), we detect additional longer period variability of low amplitude, in the mmag regime. One additional star of the same type is identified in a published analysis of the Kepler space photometry. The period ratio between the shorter first overtone period and a new, longer period lies in a narrow range around 0.686. Thus, the additional period is longer than the expected period of the undetected radial fundamental mode. The obvious conclusion that addition periodicity corresponds to a gravity or a mixed mode faces difficulties, however.