bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Re-Evaluation of Patient-Sourced Radiation Doses in PET/CT
Authors: Şenışık Ahmet Murat , Kökkülünk Handan Tanyıldızı , Yüksel Mahmut
Published: January 2023

Background:

New generation PET/CT devices provide quality images using low radiopharmaceutical
activities. Dose monitoring is carried out for nuclear medicine personnel, other
health personnel, and companions by determining the radiation dose emitted from low-activity
patients to the environment. In particular, it is necessary to revise the working conditions of the
personnel according to the radiation dose exposed.

Aims:

It was aimed to reevaluate the radiation dose rate transmitted to the environment from patients
injected with 18F-FDG.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 31 patients (14F, 17M) who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging
were included. The mean 18F-FDG activity of 7.26 ± 1.29 mCi was used for injection. After
injection, radiation dose rates (mR/h) were measured at distances of 25, 50, 100, 150, and 200cm
for 3 different periods from the level of the head, thorax, abdomen, and pelvis by using a GM
counter. Additionally, biological samples such as urine and sweat were taken during 3 different
periods. The activity amounts (μCi) in the samples were measured with a well-type counter.

Results:

Strong correlations were calculated between normalized dose rates obtained by all regions
and time. Considering the nuclear medicine staff handling time with a PET/CT patient, the
average dose received by staff was calculated between a range of 0.002-0.004 mSv/pt. The radiation
dose exposed to the porter and nurse was calculated as 0.049 mSv/pt for the 2nd hour and
0.001-0.007 mSv/pt for the 4th hour, respectively. The companion was exposed to a dose between
0.073-0.147 mSv and 0.024-0.048 mSv for public transport and private car transportation after 4-6
hours of injection (for 30-60 min of travel duration), respectively. For inpatients, the received dose
for porters, serving 20min from a distance of 30cm for the 2nd and 4th hours after the PET/CT scan,
was 0.049 mSv/pt and 0.048 mSv/pt, respectively. And for nurses serving from a 50cm distance
between 1-5 minutes, these values were found to be 0.001-0.007mSv/pt, 0.001-0.007mSv/pt, and
0.001-0.006mSv/pt, respectively.

Conclusion:

The radiation dose of nuclear medicine staff, porters, nurses, and companions are
found to be below the recommended dose limit by the ICRP. According to our results, there is no
need for any restrictions for patients, companions, or healthcare personnel in PET/CT units.
Microwave Radiations: A Green Approach to the Synthesis of Five-
Membered Heterocyclic Compounds
Authors: Kamboj Monika , Bajpai Sangeeta , Yadav Monika , Singh Surabhi
Published: January 2023

Synthesis of heterocyclic scaffolds by microwave irradiation is a green and clean process. The
organic transformation induced by microwave irradiation, as an alternative source of energy, has been of
great interest due to the high efficiency, yield, and short reaction time with minimum by-product production.
Heterocyclic compounds, an important skeleton for pharmaceuticals, are the most privileged and
prevalent class of organic chemistry. They have enormous medicinal value and pharmaceutical potential.
This review demonstrates the effectiveness of microwave heating for the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds.
The eco-friendly microwave-induced synthesis of five-membered heterocyclic systems covering
recent literature is highlighted in this article.
ANALISA STRUKTUR DAN PERFORMA IMPELLER POMPA SENTRIFUGAL DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMIC AND FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
Authors: Haryadi Gunawan Dwi , Haryanto Ismoyo , Ekaputra I.M.W. , Dewa Rando Tungga , Setyawan Deka
Published: January 2023

Centrifugal pumps are divided into two main components, namely the impeller and the volute. The impeller is a rotating pump component, while the volute is a stationary pump component. The current problem in the industrial world is that the pump capacity that operates is not in accordance with the written capacity so that the pump does not work optimally. In addition, the structural analysis of the pump is minimally carried out so that damage to the pump often occurs. To overcome this, it is necessary to analyze the performance and structure of the centrifugal pump design using computational fluid dynamics and static structural analysis methods on variations in the number of blades & impeller rotation speed. The results of the CFD analysis obtained are validated using existing product specifications and studies that have been carried out. The maximum value of the resulting von-mises stress is 20,238 Mpa, the maximum value of the resulting strain is 0.00010133, while the maximum total deformation value is 0.051984 mm. The three maximum values ​​occur in the variation of the 7 blade impeller with a rotational speed of 1800 rpm.
THE EFFECT OF HARD FACING PROCESS ON THE HARDNESS AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF BUCKET TOOTH FOR DIFFERENT MANGANESE CONTENT
Authors: Darmo Suryo , Prihadianto Braam Delfian
Published: January 2023

High hardness and wear resistance of bucket tooth are required in the face of abrasion and impact. High manganese steel is hard and ductile, making it more suitable for bucket tooth materials. Bucket tooth can wear out and need to be returned to their original size, so that bucket tooth that have been eroded must be coated with a hard material, using a hard facing process. In this study, the hard facing process was carried out in bucket tooth containing 10.4%, 11.60%, 12.70%, 13.60%, and 14.60% men (manganese) elements, using hard facing electrodes of the AWS A5.13 (JIS Z 3251). Hard facing process was using SMAW welding with an average heat input of 1087.43 J/mm. The hard facing process shown that the hardness of weld metal was always lower than of HAZ (Heat Affected Zone) and base metal. The hardness of the weld metal was almost the same for all types of the bucket tooth, which was about 233.478 HVN.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN HIDROKSIAPATIT DAN KITOSAN PADA PLA DAN ABS TERHADAP SIFAT MEKANIK DARI KOMPOSIT BIOMATERIAL
Authors: Wardiana I Wayan Gede Suputra , Setyarini Putu Hadi , Widodo Teguh Dwi
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this study is determine the mechanical properties of PLA-Hap-Chitosan and ABS-HAp-Chitosan composites. Poly lactic acid (PLA) and acrylonitrile butdie styrene (ABS) are polymers that can be applied in the biomedical field because they the to decompose naturally in the human body. To streng and not make the body wear out, a ceramic element that has bioactive, biodegradable and biocompatible properties is added, namely hydrochiapatite (HAp). In addition to hydroxyapatite, chitosan is also added as a natural element that has as an anti-bacterial. The materials used are PLA and ABS with variations using HAp powder and chitosan. The process of making this composite uses an injection molding process with a temperature of 190oC on PLA and 250oC on ABS. The results showed that the addition of HAp and chitosan powder to PLA and ABS caused a decrease in the mechanical properties of the composite, this was due to the difference in polarity which led to the formation of agglomeration in the composite and resulted in poor interactions, causing the mechanical properties of the composite to decrease. The maximum mechanical properties are aimed at the composition of PLA-Hap-Chitosan 90-0-10 and the minimum is PLA-Hap-Chitosan 90-2-8. Meanwhile, for the ABS-HAp-Chitosan composite, the maximum mechanical properties were aimed at the ABS-HAp-Chitosan 90-8-2 composition and the minimum for the ABS-Hap-Chitosan 90-0-10 composition.
PERBAIKAN SIFAT MEKANIK DODOS KELAPA SAWIT PRODUK LOKAL MELALUI PROSES PACK CARBURIZING DAN MODIFIED MARTEMPERING
Authors: Yunaidi Yunaidi
Published: January 2023

This paper aims to enhance the quality and service life of local product oil palm harvesting chisels so that they can compete with imported products, which until now are mostly used by oil palm harvesters in Indonesia. To achieve these objectives, the method of improving the mechanical properties of chisels was chosen through the pack carburizing and modified martempering processes. Chisels of local products can be improved in quality, especially their hardness and impact strength through the modified martempering or pack carburizing heat treatment process followed by modified martempering. Heat treatment of modified martempering at an oil cooling temperature of 1250 C followed by tempering at a temperature of 4500 C can increase the impact strength of chisels up to 12% higher than chisels without heat treatment, while its hardness can increase up to 29%. Heat treatment of pack carburizing followed by modified martempering at an oil cooling temperature of 1750 C and tempering at a temperature of 4500 C can increase the impact strength up to 65% and the hardness increases up to 27%.
PENGARUH PERUBAHAN TEMPERATUR DAN KOMPOSISI TERHADAP TEKSTUR DAGING ANALOG YANG DIHASILKAN MENGGUNAKAN TEKNIK EKSTRUSI
Authors: Ganandy Giovan , Herianto Herianto
Published: January 2023

Analogue meat products currently available are plant-based meats which have a texture and taste like conventional meats. The commonly used ingredient is soy protein. The purpose of this study is to see the interaction of the parameters of the percentage of soybean flour Isolated Soy Protein (ISP) and wheat flour Wheat Flour (WF), water content parameters, barrel temperature parameters, and oil content parameters on the texture of the analog meat. The extrusion process is carried out by a twin screw extrusion machine operates at speed of 50 rpm. The material is then fed into the extruder machine through the hopper. The specimen to be tested is in the form of a cylinder with a diameter of 10mm and a length of 50mm. Texture analysis test was carried out using the Brookfield CT3 Texture Analyzer machine. test results were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Turkey test. The barrel temperature parameter has the most influence on the Hardness, Adhesiveness, Gumminess and Chewiness values, while the water content parameter has the most influence on the Cohesiveness value, and the oil content has the most influence on Springiness. The interaction between the parameters of barrel temperature and water content (temperature*water) has a significant effect on Hardness, Gumminess and Chewiness (Turkey's test, p<0.05). Meanwhile, the interaction of the parameters of water content and oil content (water*oil) did not show a significant effect (Turkey's test, p<0.05) on the results of the texture analysis test. Meanwhile, the interaction of oil*temperature parameters showed a significant effect (Turkey's test, p<0.05) on Gumminess and Chewiness.
TEMPERATURE EXHAUST GAS ANALYSIS ON THE SHIP ENGINE
Authors: Prasetyo Dwi
Published: January 2023

Dual-fuel diesel engine is an engine with the use of two fuels in the combustion process to get labor on the engine. The types of fuels used include methane gas and marine gas oil fuels. Methane is produced from vapor cargo tank liquified natural gas. The purpose of this study was to determine what causes high exhaust gas temperatures on the performance of the dual-fuel diesel engine using the fault tree analysis data analysis method. From the analysis of the research data, several problems were formulated, namely, the factors that could cause high exhaust gas temperatures in the dual fuel diesel engine were the lack of combustion air supply in the engine combustion chamber, incompatible combustion composition between oil and gas fuel, and the engine room that is extremely hot. The impact caused is damage to the machining components and decreased performance of the dual-fuel diesel engine. To overcome the decrease in work on the dual fuel diesel engine is to carry out maintenance and repair on every component of the engine that has problems and damage in accordance with standard procedures.
THE LAYER HEIGHT VARIATIONS EFFECT ON TENSILE STRENGTH OF 3D PRINTING PRODUCT PLA MATERIAL BASED
Authors: Cahyati Sally , Furqon Yusuf Al
Published: January 2023

3D Printing products are produced and used for many purposes like biomedical equipment, mechanical part, and so on. Therefore, mechanical properties are important for 3D Printing products.  Layer height as one of the 3D Printing process parameters will be observed to know the effect on product tensile strength and printing time. The research has used ASTM D638 standard specimens from PLA material base with layer height parameter variations between 0.1mm, and 0.3 mm. The specimens are printed by 3D Print Creality Ender 3-Pro, then will be tested by Tensile Machine. The result finds both the printing time and the tensile strength of 3D printing products are affected by the variations in the layer height. The printing time will decrease along with the layer height increasing. For the layer height dimension nearly the nozzle diameter of 0.3 mm, the tensile strength is 10.16 MPa. It is significantly better than the 0.1 mm to 0.25 mm layer height which has a tensile strength range of 7.07 to 8.59 MPa. The condition is because the path internal bond in the 0.3 mm layer height has more homogeneity.
Application of objective matrix to improve performance green supply chain management
Authors: Septifani Riska , Dyah Pitaloka Citraresmi Ardaneswari , Melisa Emaradina Galuh
Published: January 2023

The eucalyptus oil factory (PMKP) Sukun Ponorogo is an industry with complex supply chain activities, starting from the raw material’s procurement, production processes, distribution, and reverse logistics. Some of these activities may result in environmental problems. Therefore, measurement of its supply chain management (SCM) performance related to environmental conditions is critical. The green supply chain management (GSCM) concept can help the company to assess the supply chain's performance conditions that could harm the environment. This study aimed to assess the current SCM and measure its performance, as well as to evaluate the potential implementation on GSCM in the PMKP Sukun Ponorogo. The analytical network process (ANP) was used in this study, consisting of 36 key performance indicators (KPI) from five categories of plan, source, deliver, make, and return. The study results show that all KPIs from the responsiveness dimension in the deliver category have the lowest weight, thus require priority for improvement. The results of the scoring system using the objective matrix (OMAX) method indicated two KPIs were in the red category (or need improvement), including on-time delivery of raw materials to production site and the rejection rate of raw materials. This study suggested to improve the estimated delivery time for avoiding any delays during the production process. This improvement may support the company to continuously offer on-time production process and product’s distribution.
Chemical synthesis mono- and diacylglycerol from palm stearin-olein blend using continuous high shear stirred tank reactor
Authors: Sulistiya Elma , Yanti Rini , Hidayat Chusnul
Published: January 2023

This research aimed to evaluate the effect of flow rate and processing time on the synthesis of high mono- and diacylglycerol (MDAG) from palm stearin-olein blend using high shear continuous stirred tank reactor (HS-CSTR). Glycerolysis-interesterification was performed at 120 ºC and flow rates of 6, 10, 14, 18, and 22 mL/min. Glycerol:oil ratio, stearin:olein ratio, NaOH concentration, and agitation rate were 1:5 (mol/mol), 60:40 (w/w), 3%, and 2000 rpm, respectively. The result showed that flow rate significantly affected MDAG concentration and the product's physical characteristics. The highest MDAG was obtained at a flow rate of 6 mL/min. MDAG concentration, slip melting point (SMP), melting point (MP), hardness, emulsion capacity, and stability were 60.36 ± 1.61%, 42.3 ± 0.01 ºC, 43.3 ± 0.06 ºC, 6.04 ± 0.32 N, 87.6 ± 1.75 % and 91.8 ± 2.99 % respectively. An increase in residence time, which means flow rate decreased, increased MDAG, SMP, MP, hardness, emulsion capacity, and stability of the product. Processing time did not significantly affect MDAG concentration and the product's physical properties. It means that acylglycerol concentrations and physical properties of the product did not fluctuate significantly during the process. Thus, it confirmed that the continuous process was stable and reached a steady state throughout the process.
Green marketing strategy increases the effect of green knowledge on green purchase intention
Authors: Hasnah Devina Yunita , Kastaman Roni , Mardawati Efri
Published: January 2023

The main objective of this study was to determine the effect of green marketing as a mediating variable on increasing green knowledge variables on increasing consumer buying interest in eco-friendly products. Questionnaires were distributed to 110 Starbucks Coffee consumers in Bandung, which were analyzed by descriptive analysis to describe general characteristics of the respondents. The Structured Equation Model – Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) analysis was also used to confirm the theory that there is an influence of green marketing variables as a mediating variable on increasing green knowledge on consumer buying interest in green products. The results showed that consumers of Starbucks Coffee in Bandung were dominated by women in their early adulthood who worked as private employees with moderate income. The implementation of the green marketing strategy by Starbucks is expected to maximize customer service in accordance with the description of consumer characteristics with the green marketing strategy implemented by Starbucks Coffee. The provision of green knowledge that affects the increase in consumer purchase intention of green products can be further improved positively and significantly through the application of green marketing strategies as a mediating variable.
KUALITAS MUFFIN MENGANDUNG AMPAS KOPI: STUDI PENGARUH KONSENTRASI DAN PERBEDAAN METODE EKSTRAKSI AMPAS KOPI
Authors: Ramadhan Irsyad , Sofia Murtini Erni
Published: January 2023

Ekstraksi kopi akan menghasilkan residu yang dikenal sebagai ampas kopi. Ampas kopi umumnya dibuang dan terdekomposisi oleh mikroorganisme sehingga menghasilkan metana (CH4) dan dinitrogen oksida (N2O). Ampas kopi yang tersisa setelah ekstraksi masih dapat dimanfaatkan karena memiliki kandungan senyawa bioaktif seperti antioksidan dan serat pangan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan jenis dan konsentrasi ampas kopi untuk menghasilkan muffin dengan karakteristik fisik, kimia, dan organoleptik terbaik serta meningkatkan nilai fungsional muffin. Metode yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok Tersarang dengan dua faktor yaitu jenis ampas kopi dan konsentrasi yang tersarang dalam jenis ampas kopi. Data dianalisis dengan ANOVA dilanjutkan uji lanjut BNT atau BNJ dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%. Jenis ampas kopi berpengaruh nyata (α<0,05) terhadap karakteristik seperti kadar air, kadar abu, volume pengembangan, densitas, porositas, kohesivitas, warna (L*, a*, b*) crumb dan crust. Konsentrasi ampas kopi yang tersarang dalam jenis ampas kopi berpengaruh nyata (α<0,05) dan positif terhadap kadar abu, densitas, kekerasan, warna (L* dan a*) crumb dan crust, serta warna pada pengujian organoleptik. Sementara konsentrasi berpengaruh nyata (α<0,05) dan negatif pada kadar air, volume pengembangan, baking loss, porositas, warna (b*) crumb dan crust, serta tekstur, rasa, dan after taste pada pengujian organoleptik.
Durabilitas Campuran AC-WC Menggunakan Batu Gunung Baba, Tana Toraja
Authors:   Universitas Kristen Indonesia Paulus, Radjawane Louise Elizabeth
Published: January 2023

The decline in road service conditions in the form of road damage can be caused by water due to high rainfall so that it enters the pavement layer. This study aims to determine the durability or resistance of the AC-WC mixture using Mount Baba stone. By using the Marshall test method, the results obtained through the Marshall immersion test with variations in immersion time from 0.5 hours - 60 hours, namely the durability value of 95.02 % - 86 34%. Thus, there is a decrease in the durability of the mixture with the duration of the immersion time. This is due to the large number of cavities and pores filled with water, the mixture becomes impermeable or easily damaged.
Skin microbiota of children with acute urticaria of varying severity
Authors: Naboka Y. L. , Lebedenko A. A. , Posevina A. N. , Averkina L. A. , Ivannikova E. V. , Kudrya E. V.
Published: January 2023

Objective: to evaluate changes in the skin microbiota of the children with acute urticaria of varying severity. Materials and methods: a total of 94 children aged 3 to 14 years old were examined. Four clinical groups were formed. Group I (n=15) included children with mild acute urticaria, group II (n=32) – with moderate course, group III (n=16) – with severe form, and group IV (n=31) – children of the 1 and 2a health group (control group). All patients underwent a comprehensive clinical and laboratory examination, as well as a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the skin microbiota. The sampling of the material for bacteriological examination was carried out from the area of the middle third of the forearm on the affected area of the skin and on a symmetrical unaffected area in patients with acute urticaria. In the control group, the material was taken from the corresponding area of the forearm skin. Results: in the unaffected area of the skin in patients of group I, the rate of detection of Propionibacterium spp. (p<0.05) was increased, in group II, the rate of detection of Bacteroides spp. was increased (p<0.05), and in group III, the rate of detection of S. aigeis was increased and Micrococcus spp. (p<0.05) was reduced in comparison with the microbiota indicators of children in group IV. On the affected area of the skin in children of group II, the detection rate of Bacteroides spp. was significantly increased (p<0.05) and the detection rate of Bacillus spp. (p<0.05) was decreased, in children of group IV, the studied feature was increased for S. aureus (p<0.05). Conclusions: the data obtained during the study indicate differences in microbial patterns of the skin depending on the severity of the course of acute urticaria in children.
Structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Duvanova O. V. , Chemisova O. S. , Noskov A. K.
Published: January 2023

The review presents the basic information available in the literature on the structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2 (S;N;E;M). Issues affecting the importance of these proteins in the pathogenesis, adaptation and life cycle of the virus are discussed. Structural multifunctional proteins are biomarkers of increased contagiousness and pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2, forming its pathogenetic and adaptive potential. The multifunctionality of the structural proteins of the new coronavirus allows it to respond quickly to fluctuations in the conditions of existence through the use of alternative approaches to implement the mechanisms underlying its pathogenetic potential. Currently, the structure, properties, functions and role of structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2 are being actively studied, which is an actual vector of research that allows us to decipher the mechanisms underlying its high contagiousness, pathogenicity, adaptation, and in the future to evaluate possible ways of forming its new variants and develop a strategy and tactics of emergency response when it appears new strains.

The prospects of further study of the structure and properties of structural proteins for solving the priority tasks of the present time on the creation of modern domestic vaccines and effective methods of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of a new coronavirus are noted.

The authors analyzed scientific publications from various databases of electronic libraries, such as PubMed, e-library, CyberLeninka, etc.
The Effect of Rotor Radius Ratio on The Performance of Hybrid Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Savonius-Darrieus NREL S809
Authors: Irawan Elysa Nensy , Sitompul Sandro , Yamashita Ken-Ichiro , Fujita Goro
Published: January 2023

This research aims to know the effect of the Rotor Radius Ratio on the performance of the hybrid Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Savonius-Darrieus NREL S809 model using the Computational Fluid Dynamics method. Two-bladed Savonius is used as an internal rotor, and three-bladed Darrieus NREL S809 as an external rotor. Turbine model performance is analyzed through the value of the Moment Coefficient and Power Coefficient. The result shows that the increase in the Rotor Radius Ratio value causes an increase in the initial Moment Coefficient but a decrease in the maximum Power Coefficient value. At the initial TSR, the Rotor Radius Ratio 0.5 model has the best Moment Coefficient value among all variations but has the lowest maximum Power Coefficient value.
Helping Patients With Chronic Conditions Overcome Challenges of High-Deductible Health Plans: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Hu Tiffany Yung-Shin , Ali Iman , Heisler Michele , Levy Helen , Fagerlin Angela , Kullgren Jeffrey T
Published: January 2023

Background

A growing number of Americans are enrolled in high-deductible health plans (HDHPs). Enrollees in HDHPs, particularly those with chronic conditions, face high out-of-pocket costs and often delay or forgo needed care owing to cost. These challenges could be mitigated by the use of cost-conscious strategies when seeking health care, such as discussing costs with providers, saving for medical expenses, and using web-based tools to compare prices, but few HDHP enrollees engage in such cost-conscious strategies. A novel behavioral intervention could enable HDHP enrollees with chronic conditions to adopt these strategies, but it is unknown which intervention features would be most valued and used by this patient population.

Objective

This study aimed to assess preferences among HDHP enrollees with chronic conditions for a novel behavioral intervention that supports the use of cost-conscious strategies when planning for and seeking health care.

Methods

In an exploratory sequential mixed methods study among HDHP enrollees with chronic conditions, we conducted 20 semistructured telephone interviews and then surveyed 432 participants using a national internet survey panel. Participants were adult HDHP enrollees with diabetes, hypertension, coronary artery disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or asthma. The interviews and survey assessed participants’ health care experiences when using HDHPs and their preferences for the content, modality, and frequency of use of a novel intervention that would support their use of cost-conscious strategies when seeking health care.

Results

Approximately half (11/20, 55%) of the interview participants reported barriers to using cost-conscious strategies. These included not knowing where to find information and worrying that the use of cost-conscious strategies would be very time consuming. Most (18/20, 90%) interviewees who had discussed costs with providers, saved for medical expenses, or used web-based price comparison tools found these strategies to be helpful for managing their health care costs. Most (17/20, 85%) interviewees expressed interest in an intervention delivered through a website or phone app that would help them compare prices for services at different locations. Survey participants were most interested in learning to compare prices and quality, followed by discussing costs with their providers and putting aside money for care, through a website-based or email-based intervention that they would use a few times a year.

Conclusions

Regular use of cost-conscious strategies could mitigate financial barriers faced by HDHP enrollees with chronic conditions. Interventions to encourage the use of cost-conscious strategies should be delivered through a web-based modality and focus on helping these patients in navigating their HDHPs to better manage their out-of-pocket spending.
Facilitators and Barriers of Tai Chi Practice in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Qualitative Study
Authors: Du Yan , Roberts Penny , Liu Wei
Published: January 2023

Background

Numerous studies have documented the beneficial effects of Tai Chi on a variety of health outcomes, especially in older adults. However, only few studies have examined how to improve the practice and adherence of this Asian-originated exercise among older adults in Western countries.

Objective

This study aimed to identify facilitators and barriers to Tai Chi practice and adherence in community-dwelling older adults.

Methods

This study analyzed the qualitative data collected from 13 participants (mean age 62.0, SD 10.3) at the end of a 15-week randomized controlled trial conducted at a day activity senior center. Semistructured interviews were conducted, recorded, and transcribed; and the data were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis.

Results

Four themes emerged: perceived benefit, threats, facilitators, and barriers. Perceived threats (eg, aging and side effects of medications) and perceived benefits of Tai Chi (eg, balance) inspired participants’ engagement in Tai Chi exercise. On the other hand, barriers to Tai Chi practice and adherence included instructor’s teaching style, the complexity of Tai Chi postures and movements, and existing health conditions (eg, hip problems). In essence, factors like Tai Chi class availability, family and peer support, as well as practicing Tai Chi with music may facilitate Tai Chi exercise adherence.

Conclusions

The study findings could provide valuable information to health professionals, such as nurses and physical therapists, in developing and implementing effective Tai Chi programs in care plans. Considering health conditions, tailoring Tai Chi exercise instruction styles, encouraging social and peer support, and incorporating music may promote Tai Chi practice and adherence.
Prediction of Outcomes After Heart Transplantation in Pediatric Patients Using National Registry Data: Evaluation of Machine Learning Approaches (Preprint)
Authors: Killian Michael O , Tian Shubo , Xing Aiwen , Hughes Dana , Gupta Dipankar , Wang Xiaoyu , He Zhe
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND

The prediction of posttransplant health outcomes for pediatric heart transplantation is critical for risk stratification and high-quality posttransplant care.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to examine the use of machine learning (ML) models to predict rejection and mortality for pediatric heart transplant recipients.

METHODS

Various ML models were used to predict rejection and mortality at 1, 3, and 5 years after transplantation in pediatric heart transplant recipients using United Network for Organ Sharing data from 1987 to 2019. The variables used for predicting posttransplant outcomes included donor and recipient as well as medical and social factors. We evaluated 7 ML models—extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), logistic regression, support vector machine, random forest (RF), stochastic gradient descent, multilayer perceptron, and adaptive boosting (AdaBoost)—as well as a deep learning model with 2 hidden layers with 100 neurons and a rectified linear unit (ReLU) activation function followed by batch normalization for each and a classification head with a softmax activation function. We used 10-fold cross-validation to evaluate model performance. Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) values were calculated to estimate the importance of each variable for prediction.

RESULTS

RF and AdaBoost models were the best-performing algorithms for different prediction windows across outcomes. RF outperformed other ML algorithms in predicting 5 of the 6 outcomes (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUROC] 0.664 and 0.706 for 1-year and 3-year rejection, respectively, and AUROC 0.697, 0.758, and 0.763 for 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year mortality, respectively). AdaBoost achieved the best performance for prediction of 5-year rejection (AUROC 0.705).

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrates the comparative utility of ML approaches for modeling posttransplant health outcomes using registry data. ML approaches can identify unique risk factors and their complex relationship with outcomes, thereby identifying patients considered to be at risk and informing the transplant community about the potential of these innovative approaches to improve pediatric care after heart transplantation. Future studies are required to translate the information derived from prediction models to optimize counseling, clinical care, and decision-making within pediatric organ transplant centers.
Prediction and Simulation of Land Use and Land Cover Changes Using Open Source QGIS. A Case Study of Purwokerto, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Ramadhan Gian Felix , Hidayati Iswari Nur
Published: January 2023

Population size multiplies along with the increasing need for residential space. As often occurs in developing cities like Purwokerto, population growth is associated with land use/land cover (LULC) change to accommodate housing demand both in the present and future. Therefore, this study was intended to map LULC changes in three different years: 2008, 2013, and 2018, and predict the change in 2023. For LULC data extraction, a pixel-based digital classification with a maximum likelihood algorithm was applied to Landsat images. In addition, the LULC change prediction was modeled with Modules for Land Use Change Simulations (MOLUSCE) from the QGIS plugins. It used two algorithms: artificial neural network (ANN) with a multilayer perceptron (MLP) and cellular automata (CA). The LULC classifications for 2008, 2013, and 2018 were 88%, 86%, and 88% accurate, while the prediction was 75.26% accurate, with a kappa of 0.634. Predictions and simulations indicate fluctuations in LULC change in the City of Purwokerto periodically, especially for built-up land, showing growth that continues to increase significantly.
Importance of Tropospheric Correction to C-band InSAR Measurements: Application in the 2018 Palu Earthquake
Authors: Panuntun Hidayat , Heliani Leni Sophia , Suryanto Wiwit , Pratama Cecep
Published: January 2023

Long-term InSAR-based observations are prone to atmospheric delay interference. The active-phase signals emitted and recorded back by sensors during imaging are easily disturbed by the electron content in the ionospheric layer and the water vapor content in the tropospheric layer. Given that the short wavelength of the C-band used by Sentinel-1 is more sensitive to tropospheric delay than to ionospheric delay, in this work, we utilized InSAR Sentinel-1 data to observe the postseismic deformation that occurred following the 2018 Palu earthquake and to evaluate the effect of tropospheric delay on the estimated interferogram time series. The cloud computation of Looking into Continent from Space with Synthetic Aperture Radar (LiCSAR) and LiCSBAS was used to generate interferograms and analyze the time series. Here the atmospheric delay was modeled by using Generic Atmospheric Correction Online Service (GACOS) and removed from the generated interferograms. Results showed that the annual velocity and cumulative line-of-sight (LOS) displacement were refined by correcting the atmospheric delay. Specifically, by applying GACOS, the standard deviation of the generated interferograms decreased by up to 76.6%. GNSS observations were utilized to verify the improvement due to the removal of tropospheric noise. We found that LOS displacement with GACOS correction better fitted the GNSS observation than LOS displacement without GACOS correction. Therefore, atmospheric correction plays an important role in long-term InSAR-based observations, especially in avoiding any bias in the interpretation of the estimated time series.
CA-Markov Chain Model-based Predictions of Land Cover: A Case Study of Banjarmasin City
Authors: Supriatna Supriatna , Mukhtar Mutia Kamalia , Wardani Kartika Kusuma , Hashilah Fathia , Manessa Masita Dwi Mandini
Published: January 2023

Land cover change is a prevalent thing in Indonesia. This phenomenon often causes deforestation rates to continue to increase every year, which can cause various natural disasters. This study will look at changes in land cover, make land cover prediction models, and see the relationship between land cover changes and the flood disaster that occurred in Banjarmasin City and its surroundings. Remote sensing is used to see changes in land cover from year to year with GlobeLand30 satellite imagery. Satellite imagery processing is carried out using the Cellular Automata – Markov Chain method to see the land cover prediction. The results show that the most significant land cover change from 2000 to 2020 is experienced by built-up land and forests, while in 2030, forests are predicted to experience deforestation of 356 km2 from 2020. The deforestation will cause catastrophic flooding in 2021, where flooding extends to areas that are not estimated to be high flood hazards, with 111 flood points located in the plantation area.
The Relationship between Population Dynamic and Garang River Upstream Environment in Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Hardati Puji , Setyowati Dewi Liesnoor , Arsal Thriwaty , Amin Muhammad , Trihatmoko Edy
Published: January 2023

The interaction of the human population with nature can cause environmental damage such as the degradation of the watershed carrying capacity. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the relationship between population dynamic and the upstream environment alongside Garang River using four villages including Munding, Lerep, Kalirejo, and Pakintelan. Data were collected from several stakeholders including selected heads of households supported by key informants such as community leaders and the river care communities using field observation, a household survey through questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The households used as samples were selected through proportional random sampling and the data retrieved were analyzed through a descriptive quantitative method which involved the cross-tabulation of household data on economic activities and environmental management practices. It was discovered that 1) the population of the Garang River’s upstream was very dynamic with growth rates varying from 1.05% to 3.93%, 2) the main livelihood of the population and dominant land use was the agricultural sector, 3) the community realized that the harmonic relationship with the environment was a critical condition to support farming activities and fulfil daily necessities, and 4) the society kept maintaining the river through different activities such as "bersih sungai" or river cleaning and "sedekah bumi" or thank-giving to the environment. Moreover, the harmonic relationship between the people and the river environment is in form of several activities. These included waste management, cleaning rivers, maintaining clean waterways, actions to create a clean and healthy environment, and joining the efforts to care for the environment. The harmony was observed to have been realized through the integration of diversity, interdependence, unity, and the value of providing care.
Formulation and Evaluation of meclofenamate fast dissolving tablet.
Authors: R Hemraj , Agarwal Dilip
Published: January 2023

The study of this work was to use a swellable polymer chosen among superdisintegrants, for improving the dissolution rate of a sparingly soluble drug, loaded on its surface. Meclofenamate, which has very low water solubility, was chosen as a model drug, while cross linked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Ac-Di-Sol) was chosen as the swellable polymer. The Drug Polymer systems were prepared using direct compression method.The results of the dissolution tests showed that the dissolution rate of Meclofenamate from the systems prepared increase, particularly in the case of the preparation composed of Ac-Di-Sol plus surfactant agents. Attempts were made to increase the rate of drug release (disintegration) to enhance the in vitro dissolution of the poorly soluble drug by using extra, intra and partly intra and extra granular method of addition of sodium starch glycolate as superdisintegrants and to develop a stable immediate release formulation by direct compression method.
Review on the Different Approach between Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Park Cheolin , Won Do-Yeon , Jung Jae-Eun
Published: January 2023

Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease are disorders which are commonly affects the brain. However, Parkinson’s disease affects the speed of thinking and memory including cognitive functions, whereas Alzheimer’s affects memory and words. With this reviewed article, this information about twodisorders which are very seriously in modern disease will help you prepare for a healthy 100-year-old.
In-silico study of compounds of Curcuma xanthorriza against enzyme tyrosinase sac and α-MSH
Authors: Mustarichie Resmi , Ramdhani Danni
Published: January 2023

Previous report determined that curcumin, demetoxycurcumin and xanthorrhizol are an active compounds contained in Curcuma xanthorrhiza which have activity in inhibiting the tyrosinase enzyme and α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH )  in  vitro. This study aimed to determine and visualize the interaction of the  three compounds with the tyrosinase enzyme and α-MSH in order to find their possibility for skin whitening. The experiment carried out using Auto Dock Vina program .The results of docking simulations showed that the three compounds can interact spontaneously with the tyrosinase enzyme and α-MSH. On the tyrosinase enzyme, xanthorrhizol interact most easily through the formation of hydrogen bonds with Asn205. On the α-MSH, demethoxycurcumin interact most easily through the formation of two hydrogen bonds with His3 and Arg5. With the inhibitory effect on the enzyme tyrosinase and α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) means preventing the formation of skin coloring pigment melanin, indicating that the three compounds studied can be applied as skin whitening agents.
Dental Health Promotion: A Diet That Supports Dental and Oral Health Through a Family Approach
Authors: Haryani Wiworo
Published: January 2023

Background: choosing the wrong diet and the influence of modern lifestyles can cause dental caries in children, especially the consumption of cariogenic foods. One of the community empowerment efforts is by involving community members who are willing to voluntarily be involved in dental health problems, so that dental health promotion through a family approach can improve community dental health behavior. Objective: to analyze the effectiveness of dental health promotion about eating patterns that support oral and dental health through a family approach to dental health knowledge. Methods: Methods: Pre-experimental research with pretest-posttest one group design. The sampling technique was purposive sampling as many as 50 respondents. The study was conducted at Surokarsan village, Mergangsan, Yogyakarta. The research instrument used a questionnaire and data analysis used the SPSS program with the Paired Sample Test. Results: the level of knowledge of respondents increased by 22.5 and the average value of knowledge before counseling was 57 to 79.50 with a p value of 0.016 Conclusion: Promotion of dental health about eating patterns that support oral and dental health through a family approach is effective in increasing public dental health knowledge .
A Short Review on Cefueoxime Axetil Tablet
Authors: Kumar Sanjay , Jeet Kamal , Devi Anjana , Kumar Pankaj , Kumar Nishant
Published: January 2023

Cefuroxime axetil is a broad-spectrum antibiotic with a simple pharmacokinetic profile. The medicine treats otitis media, pharyngitis, sinusitis, CAP, and acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis effectively and well. Cefuroxime axetil was beneficial in intravenous/oral sequential therapy for CAP, but dosage recommendations are not accessible in some countries. Cefuroxime axetil may be used to treat community-acquired infections, including those caused by -lactamase-producing respiratory bacteria. In an era of rapidly growing bacterial resistance, empirical treatment with cefuroxime axetil may assure the proper use of newer antibacterial medicines, reducing bacterial resistance to these drugs.
Development and Validation of RP-HPLC Method for Oral Printed Films of Ketorolac Tromethamine
Authors: Dule Priya , Kilor Vaishali
Published: January 2023

For the analysis of Ketorolac Tromethamine in Oral film formulation, a simple, precise, and accurate method was developed and validated. On a Kromosil C18 column (150 cm 4.6 mm 5), an isocratic HPLC analysis was performed. The chemical was isolated using a solution of A 55:45 V/V methanol and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate buffer with a pH of 3.0 was used. Adjusted with 1.5 mL/min flow of O-phosphoric acid as the mobile phase UV detection was carried out. Photo diode array detection was used at 314 nm. The retention time was discovered to be 6.08 minutes. The system suitability criteria, such as theoretical plate count, tailing, and percentage, should be kept to a minimum. The RSD between six standard injections was within the acceptable range. The procedure was tested and found to be valid. According to the ICH guidelines over the concentration range of 50-150 gm/L, calibrations were linear. The correlation coefficient (r) of 0.999 indicates this. The method's resilience was tested by systematically changing the chromatographic settings. The approach described may be used for routine quantitative analysis.
Dental Health Education: Chewing Gum Containing Xylitol in Junior High School Students
Authors: Tauchid Siti Nurbayani , Nabila Aulia , Purnama Tedi
Published: January 2023

Background: The high number of adolescent complaints related to dental and oral problems is related to the level of knowledge of adolescents in maintaining dental and oral health. Chewing xylitol gum is an alternative that has been proven to be quite effective in cleaning teeth from debris and plaque. Objective: This study aims to analyze the knowledge of students of junior high school PGRI 10 South Jakarta before and after being given education about chewing gum containing xylitol. Methods: This type of research is a quasi-experimental. The sample in this study amounted to 62 students, conducted in April 2022. Data collection by distributing pre-test and post-test questionnaires to measure knowledge before and after being given education about chewing gum containing xylitol. Data analysis using paired sample test. Results: Before the education was conducted, there were 9 students in the good knowledge category with a percentage of 14.5%, in the sufficient knowledge category there were 31 students with a 50.0% percentage, in the poor knowledge category there were 22 students with a 35.5% percentage. After education, there were 61 students in the good knowledge category with a percentage of 98.4%, in the sufficient knowledge category there was 1 student with a 1.6% percentage, in the poor knowledge category there were no students with a 0% percentage. The comparison of the average pre-test score is 6.05 while the total post-test average score is 9.40 with a p-value of 0.001. Conclusion: Education about chewing gum containing xylitol is effective in increasing the dental health knowledge of junior high school students.
Pharmacological Vunerability of Chemophoric Groups
Authors: Kush Luv
Published: January 2023

The drugs target the pathological proteins for the pharmacological intervention through their vunerability of chemophoric and congate groups 1-3 at therapeutic level. They are essential for binding affinity, intrinsic efficacy and bioavailability. They are introduced in bioactive molecules by replacement of hydrogen atoms. They are implicated in SAR modifications and interactional participation with receptor or enzyme or target protein. The pharmacological influence of them is delineated here.