bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Serological profile and clinical features of nucleolar antinuclear pattern in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus from southwestern Spain
Authors: Cabrera C M , Fernández-Grande E , Urra J M
Published: February 2016

Nucleolar staining of antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) is not exclusive to patients suffering systemic sclerosis (SSc) since it can occur in other autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The nucleolar ANA pattern presents a low incidence in patients with SLE, with less than 9% reported in some studies. The significance of nucleolar staining and antinucleolar antibodies (ANoA) in SLE is still unknown, as is its association with clinical manifestations. To address these issues, a case-control study was carried out. Twenty-eight cases of SLE with nucleolar staining were enrolled, as well as 73 controls with no nucleolar staining and different ANA patterns (homogeneous, speckled, and combined homogeneous and speckled). The homogeneous nucleolar pattern was the most frequent (27 out of 28), and in 75% was combined with other ANA patterns. The anti-double stranded DNA antibodies showed no differences between the two groups of patients, nor the auto-antibodies detected by line immunoassay (LIA). However, we have found an increased frequency of anti-PM-Scl antibodies with respect to the controls ( p = 0.02), in addition to the association between Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) and anti-PM-Scl antibodies (OR = 20.72, 95% CI 1.33–323.19, p = 0.03). Moreover, the cases of SLE showed a 7.78-fold increase in the risk of developing cancer (95%, CI 1.85–32.75, p = 0.005) with respect to the control group. Taken together these findings suggest that nucleolar staining represents a comorbidity factor in patients with SLE, although its significance must still be determined.
Voicelikeness of musical instruments: A literature review of acoustical, psychological and expressiveness perspectives
Authors: Schubert Emery , Wolfe Joe
Published: February 2016

What makes an artificial musical instrument such as the flute, trombone or cello sound like the human voice, and which of all instruments is the most voicelike? This article reviews acoustical and psychological arguments that might explain why a musical instrument would be likened to the singing human voice. The authors could find no evidence to support the idea of any single instrument being systematically, and consistently, regarded as voicelike. The human voice is frequently referred to as an ideal to which a well-played musical instrument should aspire. However, investigations are few that go beyond speculation and introspection regarding what instrument or instruments sound voicelike and why. Although no single instrument emerged as being systematically and consistently voicelike, a program of empirical research is suggested to determine whether there currently exist (possibly culturally promulgated) beliefs about what instrument is considered most voicelike and why.
Berberine Pretreatment Confers Cardioprotection Against Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury in a Rat Model of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Chang Wenguang , Li Kun , Guan Fengying , Yao Fan , Yu Yang , Zhang Ming , Hatch Grant M. , Chen Li
Published: February 2016

Preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that berberine (BBR) improves diabetic complications and reduces mortality of patients with congestive heart failure. The therapeutic effects of BBR have been reported to be mediated by its regulation of adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK). We previously reported that BBR protects against ischemia–reperfusion injury via regulating AMPK activity in both ischemic and nonischemic areas of the rat heart. Since diabetic hearts are more sensitive to ischemia–reperfusion injury, we examined whether BBR treatment exhibited cardioprotective effects in the diabetic heart. Type 2 diabetic rats were pretreated plus or minus BBR for 7 days and subjected to 30-minute ischemia followed by 120-minute reperfusion. Pretreatment of type 2 diabetic rats with BBR reduced ischemia–reperfusion injury infarct size and attenuated arrhythmia compared to untreated diabetic controls. Subsequent to ischemia–reperfusion, serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, and malondialdehyde levels were reduced by pretreatment of type 2 diabetic rats with BBR compared to untreated diabetic controls. In contrast, serum glucose and superoxide dismutase levels were unaltered. The mechanism for the BBR-mediated cardioprotective effect was examined. Pretreatment with BBR did not alter AMPK activity in ischemic areas at risk but increased AMPK activity in nonischemic areas compared to untreated diabetic controls. The increased AMPK activity in nonischemic areas was due an elevated ratio of AMP to adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine diphosphate to ATP. In addition, pretreatment with BBR increased protein kinase B (AKT) phosphorylation and reduced glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) activity in nonischemic areas compared to untreated diabetic controls. These findings indicate that BBR protects the diabetic heart from ischemia–reperfusion injury. In addition, BBR may mediate this cardioprotective effect through AMPK activation, AKT phosphorylation, and GSK3β inhibition in the nonischemic areas of the diabetic heart.
Quadruple Vessel Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in a 14-Year-Old Child With Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 4G/4G Gene Polymorphism
Authors: Cvetkovic Draginja , Lafaro Rocco , Giamelli Joseph , Suvro Sett , Erb Markus , Yaghoubian Saman
Published: February 2016

Myocardial ischemia due to coronary artery disease is an extremely rare condition in childhood and adolescence. Absence of obvious serious risk factors remains a challenge to modern cardiology. We present the case of a 14-year-old boy who underwent quadruple-vessel coronary artery bypass grafting with bilateral pedicled internal mammary artery and bilateral radial artery grafting. We try to highlight a rare but important 4G variant PAI-1 (SERPINE 1) gene mutation as the etiology of severe coronary artery disease in our patient. To the best of our knowledge, he is one of the youngest patients who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery with 4 arterial grafts.
Fatigue in multiple sclerosis: The contribution of occult white matter damage
Authors: Bisecco Alvino , Caiazzo Giuseppina , d’Ambrosio Alessandro , Sacco Rosaria , Bonavita Simona , Docimo Renato , Cirillo Mario , Pagani Elisabetta , Filippi Massimo , Esposito Fabrizio , Tedeschi Gioacchino , Gallo Antonio
Published: February 2016

Background:

A functional cortico-subcortical disconnection has been recognized in fatigued multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Normal appearing white matter (NAWM) damage might contribute to the abovementioned disconnectivity.

Objectives:

To assess the relationship between fatigue and microstructural NAWM damage in relapsing-remitting (RR) MS.

Methods:

Sixty RRMS patients and 29 healthy controls (HC) underwent a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol including diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Patients with a mean Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) score ⩾ 4 were considered fatigued (fatigued MS (F-MS)). Tract-based spatial statistics were applied for voxel-wise analysis of DTI indices. A correlation analysis was performed between FSS score and DTI indices in the entire MS group.

Results:

Thirty MS patients were F-MS. Compared to HC, F-MS patients showed a more extensive NAWM damage than not fatigued MS (NF-MS) patients, with additional damage in the following tracts: frontal and occipital juxtacortical fibers, external capsule, uncinate fasciculus, forceps minor, superior longitudinal fasciculus, cingulum, and pons. No differences were found between F-MS and NF-MS patients. Fatigue severity correlated to DTI abnormalities of corona radiata, cingulum, corpus callosum, forceps minor, superior longitudinal fasciculus, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, thalamus and anterior thalamic radiation, cerebral peduncle, and midbrain.

Conclusions:

Fatigue is associated to a widespread microstructural NAWM damage, particularly in associative tracts connected to frontal lobes.
Psychosocial impact of mast cell disorders: Pilot investigation of a rare and understudied disease
Authors: Nicoloro-SantaBarbara Jennifer , Lobel Marci , Wolfe David
Published: February 2016

Mast cell disorders are rare, chronic diseases involving unpredictable physical symptoms ranging in severity, duration, and frequency. Almost two-thirds of participants with these disorders ( n = 180) experienced clinically meaningful depressive symptoms. Depressed mood was associated with somatic symptomatology, poorer quality of life, lower resilience, and indirectly with ways of coping. Newly developed measures for this population performed psychometrically well. There was no gender difference in depression but women reported greater use of several ways of coping, greater disease-related distress, poorer quality of life, and more symptoms. Results underscore the need for further research and development of effective psychosocial interventions for this population.
Enriching qualitative research by engaging peer interviewers: a case study
Authors: Devotta Kimberly , Woodhall-Melnik Julia , Pedersen Cheryl , Wendaferew Aklilu , Dowbor Tatiana P , Guilcher Sara JT , Hamilton-Wright Sarah , Ferentzy Peter , Hwang Stephen W , Matheson Flora I
Published: February 2016

Engaging peer-interviewers in qualitative inquiry is becoming more popular. Yet, there are differing opinions as to whether this practice improves the research process or is prohibitively challenging. Benefits noted in the literature are improved awareness/acceptance of disenfranchised groups, improved quality of research, and increased comfort of participants in the research process. Challenges include larger investment in time and money to hire, train, and support peer-interviewers, and the potential to disrupt peer recovery. We illustrate, through case study, how to engage peer-interviewers, meet potential challenges, and the benefits of such engagement. We draw upon our experience from a qualitative study designed to understand men’s experiences of problem gambling and housing instability. We hired three peers to conduct semi-structured qualitative interviews with 30 men from a community-based organization. We contend, that with appropriate and adequate resources (time, financial investment), peer-interviewing produces a positive, capacity building experience for peer-interviewers, participants and researchers.
Antitumor effects of galectin-3 inhibition in human renal carcinoma cells
Authors: Xu Yangyang , Li Changfu , Sun Jiahang , Li Jingshu , Gu Xin , Xu Wanhai
Published: February 2016

Galectins are thought to be prognosticators for survival in renal cell cancer. However, the biological activity of galectin-3 (Gal-3) in renal carcinoma cells is still debated. In this study, immunohistochemical staining confirmed a high expression of Gal-3 in tumor tissue from renal cell carcinoma. Critically, Gal-3 expression was related to tumor cell differentiation. Consistent with Gal-3 expression in renal cell cancer, strong expression of Gal-3 was also observed in several renal tumor cell lines but not in normal renal cells. A Gal-3 high-expression cell line Caki-1 was chosen to study the biological activity of Gal-3. Using short hairpin RNA method, Gal-3 expression in Caki-1 cells was knocked down. We evidenced that Gal-3 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation and invasion, induced Caspase-3-dependent apoptosis and arrested cell cycle at G1 phase. Mechanically, Cyclin D1 expression decreased, but p27 increased after Gal-3 knockdown. Taken together, these results suggest that Gal-3 is related to the development of renal cell cancer and could serve as a target to therapy renal cell cancer.
Personal Descriptions of Life Before and After Bariatric Surgery From Overweight or Obese Men
Authors: Edward Karen-Leigh , Hii Michael W. , Giandinoto Jo-Ann , Hennessy Julie , Thompson Lisa
Published: February 2016

Bariatric surgery is now a common weight loss solution for morbidly obese men where meaningful weight reduction and improvements in quality of life have been identified postsurgery. As the majority of surgical candidates are female, there exists a paucity of literature relating to the experience of males undergoing bariatric surgery. In this study, a qualitative descriptive–exploratory design was used to explore body image descriptions, adaptation of a new lifestyle, new boundaries postsurgery, and any barriers seeking consultation for surgery. Six males who had undergone bariatric surgery were recruited in Australia. Data were collected and analyzed using NVivo between May and October 2014. The themes emerging from the data included living in an obese body, life before surgery, decision making for surgery, and life after surgery. The participants collectively reported that life before surgery was challenging. They described the changes the surgery had made in their lives including positive changes to their health, body image, social lives, and self-esteem. Some participants preferred not to tell others their intentions for surgery due to perceived stigma. The men in this study also described a lack of information available to them depicting male perspectives, a possible barrier for men seeking weight loss surgery options. Implications for practice highlighted in these results relate to a greater need for accessible information specific to men based on real-life experiences.
Nutritional Immunity
Authors: Hennigar Stephen R. , McClung James P.
Published: February 2016

Nutritional immunity is a process by which a host organism sequesters trace minerals in an effort to limit pathogenicity during infection. Circulating concentrations of minerals, such as iron and zinc, decline rapidly and dramatically with the inflammation associated with infection. The decline in iron and zinc is thought to starve invading pathogens of these essential elements, limiting disease progression and severity. The mechanisms contributing to the hypoferremia and hypozincemia of inflammation and potential interventions that exploit this process for the management of infection will be discussed.
Clinical phenotypes in adult patients with bronchiectasis
Authors: Aliberti Stefano , Lonni Sara , Dore Simone , McDonnell Melissa J. , Goeminne Pieter C. , Dimakou Katerina , Fardon Thomas C. , Rutherford Robert , Pesci Alberto , Restrepo Marcos I. , Sotgiu Giovanni , Chalmers James D.
Published: February 2016

Bronchiectasis is a heterogeneous disease. This study aimed at identifying discrete groups of patients with different clinical and biological characteristics and long-term outcomes.

This was a secondary analysis of five European databases of prospectively enrolled adult outpatients with bronchiectasis. Principal component and cluster analyses were performed using demographics, comorbidities, and clinical, radiological, functional and microbiological variables collected during the stable state. Exacerbations, hospitalisations and mortality during a 3-year follow-up were recorded. Clusters were externally validated in an independent cohort of patients with bronchiectasis, also investigating inflammatory markers in sputum.

Among 1145 patients (median age 66 years; 40% male), four clusters were identified driven by the presence of chronic infection withPseudomonas aeruginosaor other pathogens and daily sputum: “Pseudomonas” (16%), “Other chronic infection” (24%), “Daily sputum” (33%) and “Dry bronchiectasis” (27%). Patients in the four clusters showed significant differences in terms of quality of life, exacerbations, hospitalisations and mortality during follow-up. In the validation cohort, free neutrophil elastase activity, myeloperoxidase activity and interleukin-1β levels in sputum were significantly different among the clusters.

Identification of four clinical phenotypes in bronchiectasis could favour focused treatments in future interventional studies designed to alter the natural history of the disease.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: miR-320a affects spinal cord edema through negatively regulating aquaporin-1 of blood–spinal cord barrier during bimodal stage after ischemia reperfusion injury in rats
Authors: Li Xiao-Qian , Fang Bo , Tan Wen-Fei , Wang Zhi-Lin , Sun Xi-Jia , Zhang Zai-Li , Ma Hong
Published: February 2016

Background

Spinal cord edema is a serious complication and pathophysiological change after ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury. It has been demonstrated closely associated with bimodal disruption of blood–spinal cord barrier (BSCB) in our previous work. Aquaporin (AQP)1 plays important but contradictory roles in water homeostasis. Recently, microRNAs (miRs) effectively regulate numerous target mRNAs during ischemia. However, whether miRs are able to protect against dimodal disruption of BSCB by regulating perivascular AQP1remains to be elucidated.

Results

Spinal water content and EB extravasation were suggested as a bimodal distribution in directly proportion to AQP1, since all maximal changes were detected at 12 and 48 h after reperfusion. Further TEM and double immunofluorescence showed that former disruption of BSCB at 12 h was attributed to cytotoxic edema by up-regulated AQP1expressions in astrocytes, whereas the latter at 48 h was mixed with vasogenic edema with both endothelial cells and astrocytes involvement. Microarray analysis revealed that at 12 h post-injury, ten miRs were upregulated (>2.0 fold) and seven miRs were downregulated (<0.5 fold) and at 48 h, ten miRs were upregulated and eleven were downregulated compared to Sham-operated controls. Genomic screening and luciferase assays identified that miR-320a was a potential modulator of AQP1in spinal cord after IR in vitro. In vivo, compared to rats in IR and negative control group, intrathecal infusion of miR-320a mimic attenuated IR-induced lower limb motor function deficits and BSCB dysfunction as decreased EB extravasation and spinal water content through down-regulating AQP1expressions, whereas pretreated with miR-320a AMO reversed above effects.

Conclusion

These findings indicate miR-320a directly and functionally affects spinal cord edema through negatively regulating AQP1of BSCB after IR.
Roles of Estrogen Receptor-α and the Coactivator MED1 During Human Endometrial Decidualization
Authors: Kaya Okur Hatice S. , Das Amrita , Taylor Robert N. , Bagchi Indrani C. , Bagchi Milan K.
Published: February 2016

The steroid hormones 17β-estradiol and progesterone are critical regulators of endometrial stromal cell differentiation, known as decidualization, which is a prerequisite for successful establishment of pregnancy. The present study using primary human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs) addressed the role of estrogen receptor-α (ESR1) in decidualization. Knockdown of ESR1 transcripts by RNA interference led to a marked reduction in decidualization of HESCs. Gene expression profiling at an early stage of decidualization indicated that ESR1 negatively regulates several cell cycle regulatory factors, thereby suppressing the proliferation of HESCs as these cells enter the differentiation program. ESR1 also controls the expression of WNT4, FOXO1, and progesterone receptor (PGR), well-known mediators of decidualization. Whereas ESR1 knockdown strongly inhibited the expression of FOXO1 and WNT4 transcripts within 24 hours of the initiation of decidualization, PGR expression remained unaffected at this early time point. Our study also revealed a major role of cAMP signaling in influencing the function of ESR1 during decidualization. Using a proteomic approach, we discovered that the cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) phosphorylates Mediator 1 (MED1), a subunit of the mediator coactivator complex, during HESC differentiation. Using immunoprecipitation, we demonstrated that PKA-phosphorylated MED1 interacts with ESR1. The PKA-dependent phosphorylation of MED1 was also correlated with its enhanced recruitment to estrogen-responsive elements in the WNT4 gene. Knockdown of MED1 transcripts impaired the expression of ESR1-induced WNT4 and FOXO1 transcripts and blocked decidualization. Based on these findings, we conclude that modulation of ESR1-MED1 interactions by cAMP signaling plays a critical role in human decidualization.
A high-throughput pipeline for the production of synthetic antibodies for analysis of ribonucleoprotein complexes
Authors: Na Hong , Laver John D. , Jeon Jouhyun , Singh Fateh , Ancevicius Kristin , Fan Yujie , Cao Wen Xi , Nie Kun , Yang Zhenglin , Luo Hua , Wang Miranda , Rissland Olivia , Westwood J. Timothy , Kim Philip M. , Smibert Craig A. , Lipshitz Howard D. , Sidhu Sachdev S.
Published: February 2016

Post-transcriptional regulation of mRNAs plays an essential role in the control of gene expression. mRNAs are regulated in ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes by RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) along with associated protein and noncoding RNA (ncRNA) cofactors. A global understanding of post-transcriptional control in any cell type requires identification of the components of all of its RNP complexes. We have previously shown that these complexes can be purified by immunoprecipitation using anti-RBP synthetic antibodies produced by phage display. To develop the large number of synthetic antibodies required for a global analysis of RNP complex composition, we have established a pipeline that combines (i) a computationally aided strategy for design of antigens located outside of annotated domains, (ii) high-throughput antigen expression and purification in Escherichia coli, and (iii) high-throughput antibody selection and screening. Using this pipeline, we have produced 279 antibodies against 61 different protein components of Drosophila melanogaster RNPs. Together with those produced in our low-throughput efforts, we have a panel of 311 antibodies for 67 RNP complex proteins. Tests of a subset of our antibodies demonstrated that 89% immunoprecipitate their endogenous target from embryo lysate. This panel of antibodies will serve as a resource for global studies of RNP complexes in Drosophila. Furthermore, our high-throughput pipeline permits efficient production of synthetic antibodies against any large set of proteins.
Easy Heuristic Way of Compromise Schedules Finding in Projects with Double-Constrained Resources
Authors: Царьков  , Tsarkov Igor
Published: February 2016

Double-constrained resources are limited both on entire project, and for every period of its performance. Thus a project schedule formation problem represents a problem related to finding a tripartite compromise between project duration, and also renewable and non-renewable resources. It is one of the most difficult classes of tasks with determined parameters in which already at number of works in the project more than 20 it is possible to find the optimum solution only incidentally. Even heuristic methods are difficult and demand automation of calculations. In this work an algorithm and a set of recommendations will be presented which allow find problem solution’s optional versions practically in the manual mode even for the project with small number of works. The algorithm is adapted for such tasks Goyal method which is in turn based on the CPM-COST method, therefore this algorithm can be used for training of project managers and other experts, and it will promote better understanding of interrelations between the project’s key parameters.
Domestic Companies’ Cooperation Extension Based on Development of International Projects
Authors: Моисеева  , Moiseeva Nina , Бадорина  , Badorina Alina
Published: February 2016

The article is dedicated to the issues of increase of international cooperation effectiveness due to timely estimation of the projects, international practice consideration and decision on their applicability at the local market. Nowadays estimation of projects, that are adapted for other markets, is performed the same way as for local projects which, in the authors’ opinion, is inappropriate. Methodology of project success estimation and special tools for searching opportunity of its adaptation to new conditions are suggested for making decision on project extension to new markets. The foundation for the article is adaptation factors classification based on domestic and foreign research. Practical results of using the methodology are provided by the example of cooperation of foreign vendors and domestic supply companies.
International Student–Athlete Adjustment Issues: Advising Recommendations for Effective Transitions
Authors: Newell Emily M.
Published: February 2016

Through an extensive literature review, student–athlete college transition issues as well as concerns of international student-athletes are identified. Research on general student advising, developmental advising, and mentoring literature points to successful tactics for assisting domestic students, international students, and student-athletes through the transition to college life. This review culminates in a table that combines findings from previous studies into a set of suggested practices for academic advisors working with international student-athletes. Advisors can use this research to support international student-athletes during recruitment and throughout their collegiate career.
Strengthen the Bond: Relationships Between Academic Advising Quality and Undergraduate Student Loyalty
Authors: Vianden Jörg , Barlow Patrick J.
Published: February 2016

Extant research suggests that student loyalty, a strong bond between the student and university, positively affects important student outcomes, most notably retention. In this article, we advance the notion that academic advisors should become managers of the student–university relationship. We examine the correlation between respondents' perceived quality of academic advising and their loyalty to the university as measured by our recently developed Student University Loyalty Instrument, administered to 1,207 undergraduates at three comprehensive midwestern institutions. Results suggest that a positive relationship exists between the perceived quality of academic advising and student loyalty, other meaningful indicators of the student–university relationship, and specific student demographic characteristics. Recommendations for academic advising practice are shared.
Current recommendations for assessing the reliability of a measurement tool
Authors: Langlois J. , Hamadouche M.
Published: February 2016

Previous standards for assessing the reliability of a measurement tool have lacked consistency. We reviewed the most current American Society for Testing and Materials and International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) recommendations, and propose an algorithm for orthopaedic surgeons. When assessing a measurement tool, conditions of the experimental set-up and clear formulae used to compile the results should be strictly reported. According to these recent guidelines, accuracy is a confusing word with an overly broad meaning and should therefore be abandoned. Depending on the experimental conditions, one should be referring to bias (when the study protocol involves accepted reference values), and repeatability (sr, r) or reproducibility (SR, R). In the absence of accepted reference values, only repeatability (sr, r) or reproducibility (SR, R) should be provided.

Take home message: Assessing the reliability of a measurement tool involves reporting bias, repeatability and/or reproducibility depending on the defined conditions, instead of precision or accuracy.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B2:166–72.
Restoration of the spinal canal volume in stenosis dependent on pedicle-lengthening distance in pedicle-lengthening osteotomy
Authors: Qian L. , Li P. , Wu W. , Fang Y. , Zhang J. , Ouyang J.
Published: February 2016

Aims

This study aimed to determine the relationship between pedicle-lengthening distance and bulge-canal volume ratio in cases of lumbar spinal stenosis, to provide a theoretical basis for the extent of lengthening in pedicle-lengthening osteotomies.

Methods

Three-dimensional reconstructions of CT images were performed for 69 patients (33 men and 36 women) (mean age 49.96 years; 24 to 81). Simulated pedicle-lengthening osteotomies and disc bulge and spinal canal volume calculations were performed using Mimics software.

Results

The mean spinal canal volume of the two groups, L4 and L5, were 14 646.81 mm3 (5918.60 to 22 717.77) and 16 408.47 mm3 (8678.21 to 31 204.79), respectively. The mean lengthening distance was 2.17 mm (0.5 to 4.8) and the mean bulge-canal volume ratio was 0.23 (0.05 to 0.48). The pedicle-lengthening distance of the two groups were very strongly correlated with disc bulge volume and bulge-canal volume ratio (p < 0.001); the predictive equation was established as L = 0.06 + 9.06R (where L equals the pedicle-lengthening distance and R represents the bulge-canal volume ratio).

Discussion

Our findings indicated that lumbar pedicle-lengthening distance strongly correlates with bulge-canal volume ratio, which can be estimated before surgery from CT images. Take home message: The predictive equation could help surgeons to decide the pedicle lengthening distance according to individual's condition and guide the surgery effectively. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:238–43.
Predictors of outcome after single-event multilevel surgery in children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Švehlík M. , Steinwender G. , Lehmann T. , Kraus T.
Published: February 2016

Aims

Single event multilevel surgery (SEMLS) has been shown to improve gait in children with cerebral palsy (CP). However, there is limited evidence regarding long-term outcomes and factors influencing them.

Methods

In total 39 children (17 females and 22 males; mean age at SEMLS ten years four months, standard deviation 37 months) with bilateral CP (20 Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level II and 19 GMFCS level III) treated with SEMLS were included. Children were evaluated using gait analysis and the Gait Deviation Index (GDI) before SEMLS and one, two to three, five and at least ten years after SEMLS. A linear mixed model was used to estimate the effect of age at the surgery, GMFCS and follow-up period on GDI.

Results

There was a mean improvement of 12.1 (-15.3 to 45.1) GDI points one year after SEMLS (p <  0.001) and 10.3 (-23.1 to 44.2) GDI points ten years after SEMLS compared with before SEMLS (p < 0.001). GMFCS level III children aged ten to 12 years had the most improvement. The GMFCS III group had more surgical procedures at the index SEMLS (p < 0.001) and during the follow-up period (p = 0.039). After correcting for other factors, age at surgery was the only factor predictive of long-term results. Our model was able to explain 45% of the variance of the change in GDI at the different time points. Take home message: Children with GMFCS III level aged ten to 12 are the benchmark responders to SEMLS in the long-term. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:278–81.
Delayed dislocation following metal-on-polyethylene arthroplasty of the hip due to ‘silent’ trunnion corrosion
Authors: Lash N. J. , Whitehouse M. R. , Greidanus N. V. , Garbuz D. S. , Masri B. A. , Duncan C. P.
Published: February 2016

Aims

We present a case series of ten metal-on-polyethylene total hip arthroplasties (MoP THAs) with delayed dislocation associated with unrecognised adverse local tissue reaction due to corrosion at the trunnion and pseudotumour formation.

Methods

The diagnosis was not suspected in nine of the ten patients (six female/four male; mean age 66 years), despite treatment in a specialist unit (mean time from index surgery to revision was 58 months, 36 to 84). It was identified at revision surgery and subsequently confirmed by histological examination of resected tissue. Pre-operative assessment and culture results ruled out infection. A variety of treatment strategies were used, including resection of the pseudotumour and efforts to avoid recurrent dislocation.

Results

The rate of complications was high and included three deep infections, two patients with recurrent dislocation, and one recurrent pseudotumour.

Conclusion

This series (mean follow-up of 76 months following index procedure and 19 months following revision THA) demonstrates that pseudotumour is an infrequent but important contributor to delayed instability following MoP THA. It is easy to overlook in the differential diagnosis, especially if the alignment of the components is less than optimal, leading to an assumption that malalignment is the cause of the dislocation. The instability is likely to be multifactorial and the revision surgery is complex. Take home message: Due to the high complication rate associated with revision in this cohort, the diagnosis should be borne in mind when counselling patients regarding the risks of revision surgery. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:187–93.
Walking against the current: Generating creative responses to place
Authors: Overall Sonia
Published: February 2016

This article is based on the paper I gave at Place-Based Arts: Brighton Writes on 29 May 2015. Walking allows for an immersive experience of place. As the tradition of the flâneur, the interventions of Situationists and the practice of contemporary Walking Artists demonstrate, walking and creativity share a manifest connection. In this article I present my use of alternative walking practices and discuss how these can be used to generate new creative work. Inspired by psychogeographical methods, I have developed a series of exercises, which I use to create text and which I employ as Learning and Teaching tools with writing students. These include:

• Liberties – using the dérive to break convention and explore place afresh

• Constraints – using randomly generated directions to steer experience and facilitate discoveries

• Subverting mapping and signage – using superimposed mapping and reinterpreting signage in search of synchronicity

• Gathering materials – using alternative walks to observe and record materials including found text, sound and image.

This article draws on my own practice-based research and recent case studies using these methods.
From the cupboard to the boardroom and back: 100 plaster objects
Authors: Bennett Stuart
Published: February 2016

In 2013 the Dutch artist Krijn de Koning was invited to undertake a residency at Edinburgh College of Art (ECA). This resulted in an Edinburgh Art Festival co-commission, Land, in the Sculpture Court at ECA, his first work in the United Kingdom. During the fellowship Krijn and I worked with a group of students on a project centred around 100 small plaster objects that were donated by the estate of Eduardo Paolozzi to the School of Informatics at the University of Edinburgh in 2007. These models and casts were stored in cardboard boxes in a cupboard next to the Turing Room. In that room we unpacked the boxes and catalogued the objects in sketchbooks and photographs. The intention was to make the works public but what proved to be more intriguing were our discussions about the different senses of history and value we ascribed to the collection.
From student to artist: Supporting students’ creative development through place-based work
Authors: Ashmore Nicola , Moriarty Jess
Published: February 2016

This article reports on work emerging from an earlier research project that investigated undergraduate students’ autobiographical experiences of creativity at the University of Brighton. It found that students’ creativity was effectively supported if opportunities were provided for them to reflect on the things within their experiences that inspired their creativity. This research informed the creation of workshops and interview practices seeking to improve postgraduate students’ resilience and self-belief surrounding their place within their discipline. We argue that by offering students opportunities to reflect upon their practice and identify existing skills and experiences that contribute to their development as artists, that they will feel better prepared for place-based creative work. We further suggest that a process of reflection, action and discussion can enhance their personal, vocational and academic development. Our findings indicate that these learning opportunities can help students through liminal spaces in their work. The authors present a case study from a post-graduate Creative Writing MA course at the University of Brighton where students are engaged as artists in residence on a specific core module. We identify our model of best practice as being a fundamental part of the transformation from student to artist.
Evoking ‘Lureland’: Site-marking the pioneer bungalows of Peacehaven
Authors: Winckler Julia
Published: February 2016

This article explores place as subject matter and proposes to read the town of Peacehaven itself as archive. Two distinct photographic strategies are mobilized, each exploring the intersections of place, memory and archive.

Firstly, I show how surviving traces of the town’s original vision are mapped and recorded through documentary photographs. Photography is used in its forensic or detective mode to create a photographic record for the future. This methodology of site-marking is informed by the technique of site-writing, a term coined by architectural historian Jane Rendell, who has used the process of writing as a form of spatial construction. This is complemented by a second visual approach that takes the shape of a commemorative site-specific intervention performed as a public outdoor event. As part of this intervention, lost landmarks are temporarily conjured through the projection of archival photographs onto bare chalk cliffs below Peacehaven’s iconic Meridian Monument. Through this intervention, new, layered photographs emerge and are recorded. Whilst representing what has been lost, the photographs also seek to reinterpret the archival images in a new context. A space emerges within which lost landmarks of Peacehaven are made visible in the present.
Place-based arts
Authors: Black Hamish
Published: February 2016

This article reflects on the process of creating Afloat, a sculpture commissioned for the Brighton seafront that has since been adopted by the people of Brighton as ‘The Brighton Donut’. The images are courtesy of Nicholas Sinclair, copyright 2015.
Jazz Portraits: 2000–2010
Authors: Berger Edward
Published: February 2016

Musicians featured in this collection of Ed Berger's photographs include Eric Alexander, Geri Allen, Billy Bang, Eddie Bert, Ray Bryant, Candido, Ron Carter, Marc Cary, Dave Douglas, Kurt Elling, Ned Goold, Wycliffe Gordon, Henry Grimes, Chico Hamilton, Roy Hargrove, Barry Harris, Jon Hendricks, Fred Hersch, Ingrid Jensen, Howard Johnson, Kidd Jordan, Teo Macero, Russell Malone, Branford Marsalis, Christian McBride, Grachan Moncur III, Paul Motian, Nicki Parrott, Les Paul, Jeremy Pelt, Houston Person, Riza Printup, Dizzy Reece, Eric Reed, Sam Rivers, Scott Robinson, Fred Staton, George Wein, Frank Wess, Joe Wilder, and Jackie Williams.
Forte's Lecture on Jazz: An Introduction
Authors: Givan Benjamin
Published: February 2016

This article provides background on Allen Forte’s 1958 lecture, “The Development of Diminutions in American Jazz,” which is published for the first time in this issue of the Journal of Jazz Studies. Topics include the context in which the lecture was delivered; the lecture’s place in the history of jazz theory and analysis; and the career of Forte, one of the nation’s most prominent music theorists, including his little-known ties to the jazz world.
Unforgivable Whiteness
[a review of Hotter Than That: The Trumpet, Jazz, and American Culture, by Krin Gabbard]
Authors: Sandke Randy
Published: February 2016

Randy Sandke, a working professional trumpeter and composer for the last thirty years, contributes a review-essay on Krin Gabbard’s book Hotter Than That: The Trumpet, Jazz, and American Culture (Faber and Faber, 2008).
More Than Just Guide Tones: Steve Larson's Analyzing Jazz—A Schenkerian Approach
Authors: Martin Henry
Published: February 2016

Henry Martin, a composer, music theorist, professor of music at Rutgers University–Newark, and co-editor of the Journal of Jazz Studies, contributes a review-essay about Steve Larson’s recent book, Analyzing Jazz: A Schenkerian Approach (Pendragon Press, 2009).
Jazz Research Bibliography (2005–2006)
Authors: McGowan James , Desmeules Robin
Published: February 2016

This bibliography compiles articles of interest in jazz music scholarship that were published in 2005 or 2006 and appeared in journals not specifically dedicated to jazz study.
Unlocking the Mysteries of the Second Miles Davis Quintet
Authors: Bierman Benjamin
Published: February 2016

A review of The Studio Recordings of the Miles Davis Quintet, 1965–68, by Keith Waters (Oxford University Press, 2011).
The Jazz–Flamenco Connection: Chick Corea and Paco de Lucía Between 1976 and 1982
Authors: Zagalaz Juan
Published: February 2016

The close collaboration between Chick Corea and Paco de Lucía shows a clear example of the connection between jazz and flamenco. The release of Corea’s My Spanish Heart (1976), an explicit approach to the Latin and Spanish musical spheres, and the recordings of Paco de Lucía with jazz saxophonist Pedro Iturralde in the late 60’s led Paco and Chick to discover one another. This article offers an analytical perspective of the early years of this collaboration by reviewing Corea’s records My Spanish Heart and Touchstone (1982), and De Lucía’s Paco de Lucía Interpreta a Manuel de Falla (1978) and Solo Quiero Caminar (1981), not only through the solos of the guitarist and pianist, but also through those played by the musicians who recorded and toured with both of them in the following years: Jorge Pardo and Carles Benavent.
Note from the Editors
Authors: Berger Ed , Martin Henry , Morgenstern Dan
Published: February 2016

The editors of the Journal of Jazz Studies welcome new managing editor, Jeff McMillan, and thank former managing editor, Evan Spring, for his years of dedicated service.
Is Conventional Jazz History Distorted by Myths?
Authors: Sanchirico Andrew
Published: February 2016

A recent book by jazz musician Randall Sandke strongly criticizes jazz writers and scholars for presenting a biased and misleading picture of jazz history. His basic thesis is that, because of ideology, the standard jazz texts exaggerate the importance of African American culture in the development of jazz, thereby creating a mythology of jazz. This article examines one aspect of Sandke’s thesis: his assertion that the myths created by earlier jazz writers are being perpetuated by present day writers. A content analysis of jazz history books published since 1990 indicates that Sandke’s assertion is largely false. Only one of seven myths that he identified appears with any regularity in the current jazz history books.  The six other myths are rarely if ever found in the literature. After describing these findings, the article draws some conclusions.
Jazz Studies: Mainstream or Listing in a Sea of Ideology?
Authors: Sandke Randall
Published: February 2016

Sandke's response to Andrew Sanchirico's review essay, "Is Conventional Jazz History Distorted by Myths?" in Journal of Jazz Studies issue 8.2.
Response to Randall Sandke
Authors: Sanchirico Andrew
Published: February 2016

Andrew Sanchirico's response to Randall Sandke's "Jazz Studies: Mainstream or Listing in a Sea of Ideology?"
Dave Brubeck's Definitive "Jazzanians"
Authors: Cvetkov Vasil
Published: February 2016

An analysis and history of Dave Brubeck's "Jazzanians"
How We Got Here
Authors: Fellezs Kevin
Published: February 2016

Review of Bob Gluck's You'll Know When You Get There: Herbie Hancock and the Mwandishi Band.
Garibaldi to Syncopation: Bruto Giannini and the Curious Case of Scott Joplin’s Magnetic Rag
Authors: Piras Marcello
Published: February 2016

The richness and complexity of layered meanings hidden inside Scott Joplin's opera, Treemonisha leaves one wondering. Is it an exception in his opus? Or did he weave a similarly thick web of symbols in other pieces as well? It is known that The Crush Collision March and Wall Street Rag bear headings pointing to the specific events described—a deliberate train collision organized in September 1896 and the moods unleashed by the October 1907 stock market panic. Also, The Cascades makes reference to actual cascades built for the 1904 St. Louis World Exposition and shown on the original cover. Such facts suggest a consistent approach on Joplin’s part. If so, more evidence might exist. Actually, this writer detected descriptive elements in Solace and Country Club; their decipherment was delivered in a video-recorded presentation but not yet committed to paper. The logical next step was, tackling the daunting task of systematically decoding all of Joplin’s titles and covers to go beyond isolated cases and seek evidence of a recurring approach. This research yielded a rich harvest. Its crux, although cumbersome, will ultimately require a comprehensive exposition, as it calls for a unified discussion. However, Magnetic Rag has a somewhat separate story, that calls for a separate treatment. Readers are thus invited to take this essay as a first morsel of a bigger—and hopefully tempting—musicological banquet.
Starting with the ABC and HR of It: A Conversation on the State of Jazz Education with Five Renowned Jazz Educators
Authors: Tolson Jerry
Published: February 2016

The author sits down with five renowned jazz educators--Jamey Aebersold, David Baker, Dan Haerle, Rufus Reid, and Jerry Coker--for an enlightening conversation about the state of jazz education.
Nierówności w produkcji wiedzy naukowej – rola najbardziej produktywnych naukowców w 11 krajach europejskich
Authors: Kwiek Marek
Published: February 2016

W niniejszym tekście skupiamy się na nierównościach w produkcji wiedzy naukowej i pokazujemy, że rozkład indywidualnych wzorców produktywności badawczej w systemach europejskich jest uderzająco podobny mimo odmiennych krajowych tradycji akademickich. Naukowcy znajdujący się na szczycie skali produktywności (górne 10% badaczy, którzy zajmują najwyższe miejsca pod względem produktywności publikacyjnej w 11 krajach europejskich) dostarczają średnio niemal połowę całej produkcji naukowej w swoich krajach. Nie inaczej jest w Polsce. Wychodząc od podobieństwa wzorców rozkładu produktywności w systemach europejskich, stawiamy ogólne pytania badawcze: kim są najbardziej produktywni naukowcy oraz jakiego rodzaju instytucjonalne i indywidualne czynniki zwiększają szanse na znalezienie się w ich gronie? Najbardziej produktywni badacze jako osobny sektor profesji akademickiej niezwykle rzadko dotąd stawali się przedmiotem badań naukowych. Ze względu na to, że 1/10 europejskich naukowców produkuje niemal połowę wszystkich wytworów badawczych (a 1/20 wytwarza niemal 1/3), ta grupa zasługuje na większą uwagę. Za cel stawiam sobie zbadanie wąsko rozumianej „europejskiej elity badawczej” z międzynarodowej perspektywy porównawczej. Podczas gdy większość wcześniejszych badań opiera się na modelach wykorzystujących regresję liniową, stosowanych do badania produktywności badawczej, w tym tekście wykorzystujemy model regresji logistycznej, poszukując właściwych dla danych krajów predyktorów stawania się produktywnym badaczem. Podstawowe dane analizowane w tym tekście pochodzą z dwóch dużych globalnych i europejskich projektów badawczych dotyczących profesji akademickiej (Changing Academic Profession – CAP oraz Academic Profession in Europe – EUROAC), obejmujących próbę liczącą 17 211 obserwacji. Dane odnoszą się do zachowań i postaw naukowców oraz produktywności badawczej subpopulacji najbardziej produktywnych naukowców (górne 10%, n = 1583), w odróżnieniu do subpopulacji pozostałych 90% naukowców (n = 12 325); w obu przypadkach zbiorowością są wyłącznie naukowcy, którzy zadeklarowali zaangażowanie w prowadzenie badań naukowych.
Uniwersytet bez idei
Authors: Smużewska Marcelina
Published: February 2016

Dorobek Kongresu Kultury Akademickiej, który odbył się w 2014 r. w Krakowie, zawarto w pracy Idea uniwersytetu. Reaktywacja. Jest to krytyka współczesnych trendów w szkolnictwie wyższym i sugeruje restytucję XIX-wiecznego modelu uniwersytetu. W artykule podjęto próbę polemiki z argumentami krytycznymi zarysowanymi w wystąpieniu inauguracyjnym Piotra Sztompki oraz wyjaśniono, dlaczego powrót do idei Humboldta jest mało realny. Ponadto przedstawiono te elementy strategii instytucjonalnej, które mogłyby się w polskim kontekście sprawdzić, gdyby działania podjęto w krótkiej perspektywie czasowej.