bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS KEUANGAN TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN PROPERTY DAN REAL ESTATE YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI PERIODE TAHUN 2016-2020
Authors: Abdullah Abdullah , Siregar Muhammad Ichsan , Hidayat Muhammad
Published: August 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi, untuk periode 2016-2020, bagaimana pengaruh rasio keuangan, rasio likuiditas, solvabilitas, dan profitabilitas mempengaruhi kinerja keuangan perusahaan properti dan real estat di Indonesia. Terdapat 79 perusahaan properti dan real estate yang menjadi populasi penelitian. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan purposive sampling untuk mengumpulkan sampel, dan sebagai hasilnya, 11 perusahaan sampel diperoleh selama periode pengamatan tiga tahun (2016-2020). Analisis statistik deskriptif dan analisis regresi berganda digunakan dalam proses pemeriksaan data ini. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh rasio keuangan, rasio likuiditas, solvabilitas, dan profitabilitas berpengaruh terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan Properti dan Real Estate yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2016-2020. Temuan juga menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh rasio keuangan secara simultan berpengaruh terhadap kinerja keuangan, sedangkan pengaruh rasio likuiditas secara parsial tidak berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja keuangan, sedangkan pengaruh solvabilitas dan profitabilitas berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja keuangan.
Efektivitas Penggunaan QRIS Sebagai Alat Transaksi Digital Di Kota Bima
Authors: Muniarty Puji , Dwiriansyah M Syukur , Wulandari Wulandari , Rimawan M , Ovriyadin Ovriyadin
Published: August 2023

Various innovations from today's technological developments continue to diversify in various implementations, especially in the economic sector. Almost all activities in the digitalized era are fast, accurate and efficient. The role of the internet attracts some business actors to switch from traditional business models to online business-based business models as well as inventory with information or physical goods that are modified with electronic products that utilize digital marketing that uses digital technology that has been integrated with new technologies such as smartphones and their supporting applications. . The research objective is to measure the effectiveness of using QRIS as a digital transaction tool in the City of Bima. This type of research is qualitative with purposive sampling. The research sample is millennial generation students who always use QRIS as a means of payment in buying various products or services both online and offline. Interview data collection techniques and literature study. From the results of the interviews it was found that students as a mineral generation did not feel that they were using QRIS in Kota Bima, that in terms of the ease and benefits of using QRIS it was effective, this reflected the results of interviews with informants who stated that they did not find difficulties in using QRIS and even using QRIS made it easier for them to do so. purchase and payment transactions for products/services both online and offline.
Is the banking stock return affected by exchange, interest, and inflation rates?
Authors: Iskandar Dini , Martalena Martalena , Sihombing Casuarina Putri Benedicta , Hadianto Bram
Published: August 2023

For public investors, the return becomes the appeal for investors to purchase and sell the stocks in the capital market. Fundamentally, in their analysis, they must consider macroeconomic factors, i.e., foreign exchange, interest, and inflation rates. This study investigates and analyzes these factors as the determinant of stock return. The return intended is owned by the Indonesian capital market-listed banks selected as Kompas 100 Index constituents. Eight years are used as time observation, i.e., from 2015 to 2022. Based on this period, 11 banks exist as the samples. Then, this study utilizes the regression model to analyze the data associated with hypothesis testing. After examining the hypotheses, this study concludes a negative relationship between the exchange rate of IDR/USD on banking stock return: The more weakened the IDR/USD, the lower the stock return. Similarly, this negative sign also happens in the relationship between interest rate and stock return. Conversely, inflation positively affects this return.
NILAI KEARIFAN LOKAL UPACRA PANEN PADI SEBAGAI BENTUK SOLIDARITAS SOSIAL DI DESA BALILEDO SUMBA BARAT
Authors: Wati Fatma , Ina Merita Ria
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan nilai Kearifan Lokal upacara Panen Padi sebagai bentuk solidaritas sosial di Desa Bailedo Sumba Barat. Panen padi sebagi ciri khas desaBaliledo yang tidak sama dengan Panen padi yang ada di wilayah atau daerah lain di Indonesia. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah kepala adat dan masyarakat setempat. Teknik pengambilan data dengan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan  bahwa upacara panen padi di desa Baliledo dianalisis dengan teori interaksi simbolik dan memperoleh hasil yaitu upacara panen panen padi dengan berbagai proses adat istiadat sebagai kearifan lokal setempat dan membentuk suatu solidaritas sosial salah satunya  adalah gotong royong dalam melaksanakan kegiatan menanam maupun panen padi yang ada di Desa Baliledo Sumba Barat
KONSEP PRAGMATISME JOHN DEWEY DAN RELEVANSINYA BAGI PENDIDIKAN DI MTS SYAMSUL ARIFIN KABUPATEN PASURUAN (Studi Literasi Pada Konsep Pragmatisme John Dewey)
Authors: Ratnasari Desy
Published: August 2023

John Dewey merupakan salah satu tokoh filsafat pragamatis, yaitu paham yang berusaha menengahi tradisi empiris dan tradisi idealis, dan menghubungkan hal yang sangat berarti dalam keduanya. Khusus dalam hal pendidikan, pandangan pragmatis John Dewey menyatakan bahwa pendidikan diarahkan untuk menyelesaikan masalah yang saat ini muncul sehingga metode yang disarankan digunakan dalam pembelajaran adalah problem solving dan learning by doing. Melalui penggunaan metode problem solving dan learning by doing mengisyaratkan bahwa pendidikan adalah sebuah proses yang tidak memiliki akhir dan berlakunya rekonstruksi pengalaman. Secara khusus, implikasi filsafat pragmatisme John Dewey dalam bidang pendidikan di Indonesia berdasarkan kurikulum yang berlaku adalah penggunaan metode problem solving dan learning by doing yang digunakan untuk menghadapi kehidupan mendatang. Hal ini sangat sesuai dengan pola pembelajaran berdasarkan kurikukum pendidikan yang saat ini berlaku di Indonesia. Konsep pragmatisme John Dewey ini menjadi sebuah acuan dalam mengembangkan pendidikan yang ada di lingkungan MTs. Syamsul Arifin. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam objek kajian ini adalah menggunakan metode kualitatif yang dianalisis dengan menggunakan studi literasi. Dari hasil kajian ini penulis menemukan keterkaitan yang erat dengan konsep pragmatisme John Dewey yang disandingkan dengan relevansi dari keadaan pendidikan di MTs. Syamsul Arifin sekarang.
SDG 16 IN ASEAN: CASE STUDY ON BUILDING JUST AND INCLUSIVE SOCIETIES IN INDONESIA
Authors: Barmandi Immanuel Ferdinand , Ellya Dameria Enesca
Published: August 2023

Achieving sustainable development has been confronted with many challenges both coming from the society and institution and what we mean by the institution is not limited by the state government only. Sustainable goals are expected from relations of mutual dependence between society and institutions (such as governments and international organizations), which we call the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) ratified by the member states of the United Nations. The idea of inclusive development is multifaceted, but ultimately it places an emphasis on the social, ecological, and political spheres of development at the national and regional levels. In this context, this paper addresses the question of what the challenges of building a just and inclusive society as part of the goal 16 of SDGs in ASEAN and then elaborate from specific case study of  Indonesia on the challenge and obstacles of building a just and inclusive society. Although the main topic is discussing the challenge of the implementation, this paper also discusses how some regulations, structures, and values within the state have also been a driving factor of SDG 16 implementation. To analyze and frame the SDGs implementation and its challenges, the paper uses the social control theory from Durkheim. This paper finds that, while SDG implementation performs well in terms of social inclusion in the local community (a smaller area of development), it performs poorly in terms of human rights and tolerance. This paper suggests that there is a risk of failure in the actual implementation of SDG Goal 16 in a large and diverse country like Indonesia.
El modelo de Harvard. Propuesta de negociación entre la universidad pública y sus sindicatos.
Authors: Martínez Díaz Luis Alfredo , Álvarez Cantero Liana , Hoyos Merlano Alina María
Published: August 2023

Hoy los conflictos entre los sindicatos y las universidades públicas están marcados por factores como la permeabilización de ambos entes, la influencia de la normatividad existente y otros aspectos inherentes. Este artículo presenta un análisis acerca de los conflictos entre sindicatos y universidades públicas y propone una estrategia para su solución a partir del modelo de negociación de Harvard, de tal manera que la mediación trascienda a procesos de conciliación y ambas partes se vean beneficiadas. Este modelo es pertinente y tiene potencialidades para hacerle frente a los conflictos de forma asertiva entre los sindicatos y las universidades públicas. Se realizó una revisión documental para proponer esta alternativa, dado que los modelos de negociación son herramientas valiosas poco exploradas en el contexto de las universidades públicas colombianas.
META-ANALITIK COLLABORATIVE GOVERNANCE DALAM PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN
Authors: Velby Alifka Cellina , Yuadi Imam
Published: August 2023

Collaborative governance dianggap sebagai solusi dari capaian tujuan pembangunan berkelanjutan karena melibatkan berbagai pihak yang akan membantu prosesnya. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tren pembahasan collaborative governance dalam pembangunan berkelanjutan di lingkup global yang terindeks dalam database Scopus dengan rentan waktu 2013-2023 menggunakan analisis bibliometrik dengan memanfaatkan software VosViewer dan Biblioshiny dalam proses pengolahan data dan visualisasi data. Hasil pencarian data menghasilkan 623 dokumen dengan artikel jurnal sejumlah 445 yang dianalisis. Publikasi mengenai collaborative governance dalam pembangunan berkelanjutan terbanyak dilakukan pada tahun 2022 dengan 91 publikasi. Sementara paling sedikit pada tahun 2014 dan 2023 dengan 19 dan 18 publikasi.  China dan United States menjadi negara yang paling produktif mempublikasi. Wageningen University & Research dan Chinese Academy of Sciences menjadi Universitas terbanyak menghasilkan publikasi. Metode bibliometrik dapat digunakan untuk menganalisis tren pembahasan collaborative governance dalam pembangunan berkelanjutan di lingkup global. Akan tetapi, perlu dukungan dataset serta sistem komputasi yang lengkap. Hasil analisis penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan tren publikasi.

 

Kata Kunci: Bibliometrik, Collaborative governance, Pembangunan Berkelanjutan.
ANALYSIS OF ONLINE NEWS MEDIA FRAMING ON WEST JAVA PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT POLICIES IN MANAGING COVID-19
Authors: Argawidyanti Tiara Navy , Sari Agni Grandita Permata
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui framing pemberitaan media online terhadap kebijakan Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Barat dalam penanganan Covid-19 khususnya pada media online Tirto.id, Tempo.co, dan Republika.id. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Sejumlah data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan teknik observasi dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode analisis framing model Robert N. Entman dengan unsur-unsur antara lain define problems (menentukan masalah), diagnose causes (memperkirakan penyebab masalah), make moral judgement (membuat keputusan moral), dan treatment recommendation (memberikan saran penyelesaian). Hasilnya didapati bahwa pemilihan narasumber berita, pemberitaan media Tirto.id dan Tempo.co didominasi oleh informan tunggal. Sementara itu, media Republika.co.id telah menampilkan narasumber yang beragam, akan tetapi masih didominasi oleh narasumber dari pihak pemerintah. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini menyarankan agar media mampu menghadirkan narasumber yang lebih beragam dan merupakan representasi dari berbagai golongan baik yang mendukung maupun menolak kebijakan yang dikeluarkan pemerintah
ISLAMIC PARTIES AND THE VOTING BEHAVIOR OF CITY MUSLIMS IN WEST SUMATRA
Authors: Putra Heru Permana
Published: August 2023

The background of this research is that there are no parties based on Islamic values ​​that dominate the victory in the legislative elections in West Sumatra, especially in the three cities that will be the locations of this research. Where the cities are Padang City, Bukittinggi City, and Pariaman City. These three cities have a very dominant Muslim voting population, but in the implementation of legislative elections, not a single party based on Islamic values ​​was able to dominate the victory in the legislative elections. The Muslim community in this city is very synonymous with the policies of its government which are based on sharia, but their voting behavior in legislative general elections does not reflect behavior that supports parties that uphold Islamic teachings. This study uses the theory of voting behavior with a psychological school, to see how the characteristics of voters in this city's Muslim community use a voting behavior approach based on psychological aspects, with the independent variables Issues in the Campaign (X.1) Identification of parties (X.2) and Orientation towards candidates ( X.3) with the dependent variable, namely the voting behavior of urban Muslim communities in general elections. This research uses a quantitative approach with a survey research design, this type of research is explanatory research. Data was collected by distributing questionnaires, respondents were selected using the probability sampling method, namely, stratified random sampling and simple random sampling and using random numbers in determining the respondents. The analysis model for this research is a frequency table and hypothesis testing using Chi Square. The findings of the data in the field show that in measuring the influence between the voting behavior of urban Muslim communities on party identification (X) and voting behavior (Y), the results of this study found that there was a relationship between the identification of Muslim voters' parties on voting behavior of urban Muslim communities in general elections.
The Influence of Service Quality, Product Quality, and Price on IndiHome Customer Satisfaction in Salatiga City
Authors: Pratama Adrian Nanda , Chernovita Hanna Prillysca
Published: August 2023

PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia is one of the largest service or goods provider companies in Indonesia. PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia, which focuses on the fields of Telecommunication, Information, Media, Edutainment, and Services, which is shortened to (TIMES), prepares products such as Indihome and Wifi.ID to facilitate all Indonesian people. This study aims to analyze Indihome customer satisfaction, especially in the city of Salatiga by using a type of research method using a quantitative approach based on the dimensions of product satisfaction, price quality, service quality, on customer satisfaction. The research data used 113 data and were processed with SPSS software through validity, reliability, descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression. The results showed that the independent variable (X) studied, namely product satisfaction, price quality, service quality had an effect of 73.2%. on the dependent variable (Y), namely customer satisfaction, while the other 26.8% is influenced by other factors outside the variables studied. So it can be concluded that the current Indihome products in terms of product satisfaction, price quality, service quality are very good.
MSME Marketing Strategy in South Tangerang City During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Syamruddin Syamruddin , Kusjono Gatot
Published: August 2023

This study aims to determine the development and marketing strategy of MSMEs in South Tangerang City during the Covid-19 Pandemic. This study uses a qualitative method. Data collection techniques consist of observation, interviews, and document analysis. Collecting data using observation techniques, interviews and documentation. Data validity is obtained through the degree of trust, transferability, dependability, and certainty. Data analysis techniques include data reduction, data exposure, and data conclusion and verification. The results of the study show that the number of MSMEs in South Tangerang City in 2022 will be 90,128. The marketing strategy carried out by MSMEs in South Tangerang City during the Covid-19 Pandemic was grouped into four aspects, namely product, price, promotion, and distribution/place. From the product aspect, in addition to offering new products, innovations are also made to existing products to make them more attractive to consumers. From the price aspect, many MSME managers make adjustments to prices. From the promotion aspect, in addition to giving discounts, promotions are carried out through word of mouth, MSME community networking, and online. From the aspect of distribution/place, the system for distributing and selling products is more limited, where MSME managers use more facilities through the online system.
PENERAPAN KEMAMPUAN PRESENTASI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN SPEAKING SKILLS MAHASISWA JURUSAN TEKNIK MESIN
Authors: Anis R Umi , Nurul Asri Atiqah , Muqit Abdul
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi dengan rendahnya kemampuan berbicara mahasiswa sedangkan kemampuan tersebut merupakan kemampuan yang penting dikuasai karena dapat menunjang pemahaman mata kuliah yang berhubungan dengan otomotif yang dipakai nanti pada saat presentasi laporan akhir/skripsi yang ditulis dan di ajukan menggunakan bahasa Inggri Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan seberapa efektifnya presentasi ini untuk meningkatkan kemampuan speaking skill mahasiswa Metode penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian kualitatif yang menggunakan model pengembangan Kemmis dan Taggart yang meliputi; 1) planning, 2) implementing, 3) observing, dan 4) reflecting, dengan preleminary study sebagai pembukaannya. Populasi penelitian ini terdiri dari kelas 4A terdiri 23 orang dan 4B sebanyak 24 mahasiswa. Materi pelajaran yang diberikan adalah yang berbasis konteks karena hal ini yang dibahas sehari-hari. Hasil yang diperoleh pada kuesioner yang diikuti oleh mahasiswa kelas 4A dan 4B menunjukkan bahwa mereka tidak keberatan bahkan merasa lebih nyaman dengan presentasi kelompok dan mereka merasa lebih bisa berbicara bila dibandingkan dengan kelas kuliah atau lecturing. Dan dari data penelitian mahasiswa menunjukkan peningkatan pada kemahiran berbicara dari kelas 4A dari 55,44% meningkat 63,01% dan dari kelas 4B dari 53,14 % menjadi 62,72%
Temporal Success Analyses in Music Collaboration Networks: Brazilian and Global Scenarios
Authors: M. Moro Mirella , O. Silva Mariana , P. Oliveira Gabriel , B. Seufitelli Danilo
Published: August 2023

Collaboration is a part of the music industry and has increased over recent decades; but little do we know about its effects on success and evolution. Our goal is to analyze how success has evolved over collaboration networks and compare its global scenario to a local, thriving one: the Brazilian music industry. Specifically, we build collaboration networks from data collected from Spotify's Global and Brazilian daily charts, analyze them and identify collaboration profiles in such networks. Analyses over their topological characteristics reveal collaboration patterns mapped into four different profiles: Standard, Niche, Ephemeral and Absent, where the two first have a higher level of success. Furthermore, we do deeper by evaluating the temporal evolution of such profiles through case studies: pop and k-pop globally, and pop and forró in Brazil. Overall, our findings emphasize the importance of collaboration profiles in assessing success, and show differences between the global and Brazilian scenarios.
A combination of physics-informed neural networks with the fixed-stress splitting iteration for solving Biot's model
Authors: Cai Mingchao , Gu Huipeng , Hong Pengxiang , Li Jingzhi
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Biot's consolidation model in poroelasticity describes the interaction between the fluid and the deformable porous structure. Based on the fixed-stress splitting iterative method proposed by Mikelic et al. (Computat Geosci, 2013), we present a network approach to solve Biot's consolidation model using physics-informed neural networks (PINNs).

Methods

Two independent and small neural networks are used to solve the displacement and pressure variables separately. Accordingly, separate loss functions are proposed, and the fixed stress splitting iterative algorithm is used to couple these variables. Error analysis is provided to support the capability of the proposed fixed-stress splitting-based PINNs (FS-PINNs).

Results

Several numerical experiments are performed to evaluate the effectiveness and accuracy of our approach, including the pure Dirichlet problem, the mixed partial Neumann and partial Dirichlet problem, and the Barry-Mercer's problem. The performance of FS-PINNs is superior to traditional PINNs, demonstrating the effectiveness of our approach.

Discussion

Our study highlights the successful application of PINNs with the fixed-stress splitting iterative method to tackle Biot's model. The ability to use independent neural networks for displacement and pressure offers computational advantages while maintaining accuracy. The proposed approach shows promising potential for solving other similar geoscientific problems.
Subclinical hearing loss and educational performance in children: a national study
Authors: Sharma Rahul K. , Chern Alexander , Golub Justin S. , Lalwani Anil K.
Published: August 2023

Objective

Hearing loss can cause speech and language delays, communication barriers, and learning problems. Such factors are associated with reduced academic achievement, social isolation, decreased quality of life, and poorer health outcomes. We use a national cohort of children to examine how subclinical hearing loss is associated with academic/educational performance. The goal of this study is to determine if different levels of subclinical hearing loss (pure tone average ≤ 25 dB HL) are associated with educational testing outcomes in children.

Design

Analysis of children 6–16 years old who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES-III, 1988–1994) was performed. Air-conduction thresholds were measured at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 kHz. A four-frequency pure-tone average (PTA) was calculated from 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz. Hearing thresholds were divided into categories ( ≤ 0, 1–10, and 11–25 dB) for analysis. The outcomes of interest were the Wide Range Achievement Test (WRAT-R) and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R). Analysis was conducted using ANOVA and logistic regression.

Results

We analyzed 3,965 participants. In univariable analysis, the average scores in scaled math, reading, digit span (short-term memory), and block design (visual-motor skills) were significantly lower with worsening hearing categories (p < 0.01). In multivariable regression PTAs of 1–10 dB HL (OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.29–2.29, p < 0.01) and 11-25 dB HL (OR: 2.99, 95% CI 1.3–6.65, p < 0.01), compared to PTA of ≤0 dB HL, were associated with poor reading test performance (<25th percentile).

Conclusion

Subclinical hearing loss is associated with worse performance on educational attainment (as measured by reading test performance) in children between the ages of 6–16.
Using microneedle array electrodes for non-invasive electrophysiological signal acquisition and sensory feedback evoking
Authors: Tang Xi , Dong Yuanzhe , Li Qingge , Liu Zhiyuan , Yan Nan , Li Yongcheng , Liu Bin , Jiang Lelun , Song Rong , Wang Yingying , Li Guanglin , Fang Peng
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Bidirectional transmission of information is needed to realize a closed-loop human-machine interaction (HMI), where electrophysiological signals are recorded for man-machine control and electrical stimulations are used for machine-man feedback. As a neural interface (NI) connecting man and machine, electrodes play an important role in HMI and their characteristics are critical for information transmission.

Methods: In this work, we fabricated a kind of microneedle array electrodes (MAEs) by using a magnetization-induced self-assembly method, where microneedles with a length of 500–600 μm and a tip diameter of ∼20 μm were constructed on flexible substrates. Part of the needle length could penetrate through the subjects’ stratum corneum and reach the epidermis, but not touch the dermis, establishing a safe and direct communication pathway between external electrical circuit and internal peripheral nervous system.

Results: The MAEs showed significantly lower and more stable electrode-skin interface impedance than the metal-based flat array electrodes (FAEs) in various testing scenarios, demonstrating their promising impedance characteristics. With the stable microneedle structure, MAEs exhibited an average SNR of EMG that is more than 30% higher than FAEs, and a motion-intention classification accuracy that is 10% higher than FAEs. The successful sensation evoking demonstrated the feasibility of the MAE-based electrical stimulation for sensory feedback, where a variety of natural and intuitive feelings were generated in the subjects and thereafter objectively verified through EEG analysis.

Discussion: This work confirms the application potential of MAEs working as an effective NI, in both electrophysiological recording and electrical stimulation, which may provide a technique support for the development of HMI.
Role of Kupffer cells in tolerance induction after liver transplantation
Authors: Zheng Weixiong , Yang Lingxiang , Jiang Shiming , Chen Mingxiang , Li Jinzheng , Liu Zuojing , Wu Zhongjun , Gong Jianping , Chen Yong
Published: August 2023

Currently, liver transplantation has reached a level of maturity where it is considered an effective treatment for end-stage liver disease and can significantly prolong the survival time of patients. However, acute and chronic rejection remain major obstacles to its efficacy. Although long-term use of immunosuppressants can prevent rejection, it is associated with serious side effects and significant economic burden for patients. Therefore, the investigation of induced immune tolerance holds crucial theoretical significance and socio-economic value. In fact, the establishment of immune tolerance in liver transplantation is intricately linked to the unique innate immune system of the liver. Kupffer cells, as a crucial component of this system, play a pivotal role in maintaining the delicate balance between inflammatory response and immune tolerance following liver transplantation. The important roles of different functions of Kupffer cells, such as phagocytosis, cell polarization, antigen presentation and cell membrane proteins, in the establishment of immune tolerance after transplantation is comprehensively summarized in this paper. Providing theoretical basis for further study and clinical application of Kupffer cells in liver transplantation.
Eosinophilic esophagitis and esophageal microbiota
Authors: Zhang Xiaohan , Zhang Nana , Wang Zikai
Published: August 2023

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is an antigen-mediated chronic inflammatory disease of the esophagus, the prevalence of which has steadily increased in recent years. The pathogenesis of EoE is not yet well-defined; however, recent studies have demonstrated that the esophageal microbiota is an essential regulator of physiological and pathological processes of EoE. Currently, research on EoE and microbiota is an emerging field of study that is receiving increasing attention. Here, we review existing EoE-related esophageal microbiota studies to explore the potential mechanisms underlying esophageal microbiota-mediated EoE. The esophageal microbiome is altered in patients with EoE. Although α diversity is usually not significantly different, an increase in Haemophilus and a decrease in Firmicutes were observed in EoE patients. The role of microbiota in initiating and perpetuating inflammation is not fully understood. Current evidence suggests that the penetration of microbiota leads to the activation of epithelial cells as well as innate and adaptive immune cells, with the subsequent release of cytokines, leading to immune responses and inflammation. The involvement of toll-like receptors in EoE also supports the potential role of the microbiota in the progression of this disease. While EoE-induced inflammation can also lead to alterations in the local microbiome. Moreover, dietary modifications, proton pump inhibitors, and corticosteroids can modulate the esophageal microbiota; however, definitive conclusions about the alterations of microbes after treatment cannot be drawn. These findings provide promising avenues for future studies.
Coronary artery mycotic aneurysm in a patient suffering from subacute endocarditis: a case report and literature review
Authors: Hali Reza , Sharifkazemi Mohammadbagher , Yaminisharif Ahmad , Bagheri Jamshid , Shahbazi Narges
Published: August 2023

Although mycotic aneurysm is a known and important disease in the cerebrovascular system, especially the brain, there are scarce reports about coronary artery mycotic aneurysms (CAMA). CAMA can occur not only in the context of endocarditis but also as a rare adverse event of coronary artery stenting, which has been used more extensively in recent years. Accordingly, it is essential to pay greater attention to its associated presentations and clinical course. Considering the scant evidence available, reporting the disease course of each patient with CAMA can help increase the physician's knowledge about this condition, which is why we are reporting this case. A 42-year-old man with diabetes was referred to our center with embolic left cerebellar infarction 3 months earlier, as well as a 2-month history of feverishness before his referral. His blood culture was positive for Viridans Streptococci, and he had paraclinical signs of inflammation and two- and three-dimensional transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography (2D & 3D TTE and TEE) signs of aortic and mitral valves' infective endocarditis with the destruction of the aortic valve, severe aortic and mitral regurgitation, severe pulmonary hypertension, and moderate biventricular systolic dysfunction. Regarding the obviously dilated left main coronary artery on TEE images, contrast-enhanced chest multidetector computed tomography was performed for better assessment of coronary arteries with suspicion of CAMA, which confirmed aneurysmal dilatation of the proximal left main coronary artery. The presence of bacteria was confirmed on staining the valvular tissue, resected during the surgical replacement of aortic and mitral valves. As the cardiac surgeon considered CAMA resection and coronary bypass grafting high risk for the patient, he received parenteral antibiotic therapy, for 6 weeks. At 1-year follow-up, he was doing well with no signs/symptoms of endocarditis and well-functioning mechanical prosthetic valves. This case shows the significance of considering CAMA in the setting of endocarditis, resistant to medical and/or surgical therapy or in patients with coronary aneurysm, simultaneous with active endocarditis. Therefore, more attention should be paid to this extravalvular complication of endocarditis, and its possibility should be considered and investigated in any patient presented with valvular endocarditis, especially involving the aortic valve.
One-year clinical outcomes following Edwards INSPIRIS RESILIA aortic valve implantation in 487 young patients with severe aortic stenosis: a single-center experience
Authors: Porto Alizee , Stolpe Gregoire , Badaoui Rita , Boudouresques Vincent , Deutsch Cornelia , Amanatiou Cecile , Riberi Alberto , Gariboldi Vlad , Collart Frédéric , Theron Alexis
Published: August 2023

Introduction

The use of an aortic bioprosthesis is on the rise in younger patients with severe aortic stenosis despite the risk of accelerated structural valve degeneration (SVD). In the search for an optimal valve substitute that would not be prone to SVD, the INSPIRIS bioprosthesis represents a promising solution to lowering the risk of SVD. Here, we report the 1-year outcomes of the INSPIRIS RESILIA aortic bioprosthesis in a population of young patients who underwent aortic valve replacement.

Methods

In this prospective single-center study, we included all consecutive patients receiving INSPIRIS RESILIA bioprosthesis between June 2017 and July 2021. Patients with isolated severe aortic regurgitation were excluded. Clinical assessment and transthoracic echocardiography were performed preoperatively and at 1 year post-operatively. The primary outcome was overall mortality at one year.

Results

A total of 487 patients were included. The mean age was 58.2 ± 11.5 years, 75.2% were men. Most of the interventions were elective, with a mean EuroSCORE II of 4.8 ± 7.9. The valve annulus size in most cases was either 23 mm or 25 mm. Overall mortality at 1-year was 4.1%. At 1-year, 7 patients (1.4%) had a stroke, 4 patients (0.8%) had a myocardial infarction, and 20 patients (4.1%) were hospitalized for congestive heart failure. The Kaplan-Meier estimated survival rates and survival without major adverse cardiac events at 1-year were 96.4% and 96.7%, respectively. At 1-year follow-up, 10 patients (2.1%) had endocarditis and 1 patient (0.2%) had partial prosthetic thrombosis. Pacemaker implantation at 1-year post-operative was necessary in 27 patients (5.5%). Severe patient prosthesis mismatch and severe intra valvular regurgitation were 1.2% and 0.6%, respectively. The Kaplan-Meier estimated survival rates at 1-year of no infective endocarditis preoperative and infective endocarditis preoperative were 97.9 ± 0.7% and 89.5 ± 3.3%, respectively (P < 0.001). Excluding endocarditis-related complication, no structural valve deterioration and no valve failure requiring redo surgery were reported.

Conclusion

This is the largest single-center descriptive study of the 1-year outcomes after INSPIRIS RESILIA bioprosthesis implantation. The EDWARDS INSPIRIS RESILIA bioprosthesis provides encouraging clinical outcomes with an excellent 1- year survival rates and good hemodynamic performance. Long-term studies are mandatory to assess valve durability.
Paper-based and computer-based admission tests for medicine – are they equivalent?
Authors: Escher Malvin , Weppert Daniel , Amelung Dorothee , Huelmann Thorben , Stegt Stephan , Hissbach Johanna
Published: August 2023

Admission tests are among the most widespread and effective criteria for student selection in medicine in Germany. As such, the Test for Medical Studies (TMS) and the Hamburg Assessment Test for Medicine, Natural Sciences (HAM-Nat) are two major selection instruments assessing applicants’ discipline-specific knowledge and cognitive abilities. Both are currently administered in a paper-based format and taken by a majority of approximately 40,000 medicine applicants under high-stakes conditions yearly. Computer-based formats have not yet been used in the high-stakes setting, although this format may optimize student selection processes substantially. For an effective transition to computer-based testing, the test formats’ equivalence (i.e., measurement invariance) is an essential prerequisite. The present study examines measurement invariance across test formats for both the TMS and HAM-Nat. Results are derived from a large, representative sample of university applicants in Germany. Measurement invariance was examined via multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis. Analyses demonstrated partial scalar invariance for both admission tests indicating initial evidence of equivalence across test formats. Generalizability of the results is examined, and implications for the transition to computer-based testing are discussed.
“I feel enthusiastic, when the homework is done well”: teachers’ emotions related to homework and their antecedents
Authors: Feiss Christine , Hagenauer Gerda , Moroni Sandra
Published: August 2023

Emotions are an important factor influencing teaching behavior and teaching quality. Previous studies have primarily focused on teachers’ emotions in the classroom in general, rather than focusing on a specific aspect of teaching such as homework practice. Since emotions vary between situations, it can be assumed that teachers’ emotions also vary between the activities that teachers perform. In this study, we therefore focus on one specific teacher activity in our study, namely homework practice. We explore teachers’ emotions in homework practice and their antecedents. Methodologically, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 23 Swiss secondary school teachers teaching German and analysed using structuring qualitative content analysis. The results show that teachers experience a variety of positive and negative emotions related to homework practice, with positive emotions predominating. According to the teachers’ reflections, the antecedents of their emotions could be attributed to the context (e.g., conditions at home), teacher behavior and (inner) demands (e.g., perceived workload) and student behavior (e.g., learning progress). Implications for teacher education and training are discussed.
Experimental study of dexamethasone-loaded hollow hydroxyapatite microspheres applied to direct pulp capping of rat molars
Authors: Liu Xiaoli , Xie Yuandong , Gao Weijia , Zhan Luoning , Hu Ling , Zuo Linjing , Li Yi
Published: August 2023

Background

Dexamethasone (DEX) exerts anti-inflammatory and osteogenic effects. Hydroxyapatite is commonly used in bone repair due to its osteoconductivity, osseointegration, and osteogenesis induction. Hollow hydroxyapatite (HHAM) is often used as a drug carrier.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the histological responses of exposed dental pulp when dexamethasone-loaded nanohydroxyapatite microspheres (DHHAM) were used as a direct capping agent.

Methods

Cavities were created in the left maxillary first molar of Wistar rats and filled with Dycal, HHAM, and DHHAM. No drug was administered to the control group. The rats were sacrificed at 1, 2, and 4 weeks after the procedure. The molars were extracted for fixation, demineralization, dehydration, embedding, and sectioning. H&E staining was performed to detect the formation of reparative dentin. H&E and CD45 immunohistochemical staining were performed to detect pulp inflammation. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to assess the expressions of dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP-1), interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IL-1β.

Results

The results of H&E and CD45 immunohistochemical staining showed that the degree of inflammation in the DHHAM group was less than that in the Control and HHAM groups at 1, 2, and 4 weeks after capping of the rat molar teeth (p<0.01). The H&E staining showed that the percentage of reparative dentin formed in the DHHAM group was higher than that in the Control, HHAM (p<0.001), and Dycal groups (p<0.01) at 1 and 2 weeks, and was significantly higher than that in the Control group (p<0.001) and the HHAM group (p<0.01) at 4 weeks. The immunohistochemical staining showed a lower range and intensity of expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α and high expression levels of DMP-1 in the DHHAM group at 1, 2, and 4 weeks after pulp capping relative to the Control group.

Conclusions

DHHAM significantly inhibited the progression of inflammation and promoted reparative dentin formation.
Ferroptosis: new insight into the mechanisms of diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy
Authors: Li Luxin , Dai Yucen , Ke Dan , Liu Jieting , Chen Peijian , Wei Dong , Wang Tongtong , Teng Yanjie , Yuan Xiaohuan , Zhang Zhen
Published: August 2023

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) are the most serious and common diabetes-associated complications. DN and DR are all highly prevalent and dangerous global diseases, but the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. Ferroptosis, a relatively recently described type of cell death, has been confirmed to be involved in the occurrence and development of various diabetic complications. The disturbance of cellular iron metabolism directly triggers ferroptosis, and abnormal iron metabolism is closely related to diabetes. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the role of ferroptosis in DN and DR is still unclear, and needs further study. In this review article, we summarize and evaluate the mechanism of ferroptosis and its role and progress in DN and DR, it provides new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of DN and DR.
Molecular dynamics simulation of CO2 dissolution-diffusion in multi-component crude oil
Authors: Kang Yulong , Zhang Lei , Luo Juan , Guo Yuchuan , Cheng Shiying , Wu Di , Li Kaifen , Guo Shiqiang
Published: August 2023

In order to study the dissolution-diffusion process and mechanism of CO2 in multi-component crude oil, a model of multi-component crude oil system with octane as the main component and 16 other alkanes as a compound was constructed by using molecular dynamics simulation method. We estimated the CO2 density distribution in crude oil model and the shift in crude oil model volume change. We then investigated the microscopic influence mechanism of CO2 dissolution-diffusion on the volume expansion of crude oil by simulating the action of CO2 dissolution-diffusion in the multi-component crude oil model. Based on the variation law of mean square displacement between crude oil molecules, the dissolution and diffusion coefficients of CO2 were predicted, and the influence of CO2 dissolution-diffusion on crude oil mobility was analyzed. It is found that temperature intensifies the molecular thermal motion and increases the voids between alkane molecules, which promotes the dissolution of CO2 and encourages CO2 molecules to transmit, making the crude oil expand and viscosity decrease, and improving the flow ability of crude oil; with the enhancement of given pressure, the potential energy difference between the inside and outside of the crude oil model becomes larger, and the voids between alkane molecules become larger, which is favorable to the dissolution of CO2. Nevertheless, the action of CO2 molecules’ diffusing in the crude oil sample is significantly limited or even tends to zero, besides, the mobility of crude oil is affected due to the advance of external pressure. The mechanism of CO2 dissolution and diffusion in multi-component crude oil is revealed at the microscopic level, and provides theoretical guidance for the development of CO2 flooding.
HMG-boxes, ribosomopathies and neurodegenerative disease
Authors: Moss Tom , LeDoux Mark S. , Crane-Robinson Colyn
Published: August 2023

The UBTF E210K neuroregression syndrome is a predominantly neurological disorder caused by recurrent de novo dominant variants in Upstream Binding Factor, that is, essential for transcription of the ribosomal RNA genes. This unusual form of ribosomopathy is characterized by a slow decline in cognition, behavior, and sensorimotor functioning during the critical period of development. UBTF (or UBF) is a multi-HMGB-box protein that acts both as an epigenetic factor to establish “open” chromatin on the ribosomal genes and as a basal transcription factor in their RNA Polymerase I transcription. Here we review the possible mechanistic connections between the UBTF variants, ribosomal RNA gene transcription and the neuroregression syndrome, and suggest that DNA topology may play an important role.
Research on residual stress and hydrogen diffusion of X80 pipeline welded joint
Authors: Xue Jinghong , Cheng Andun , Bai Chenxu , Ji Li
Published: August 2023

Hydrogen enrichment induced by pipeline welding residual stress is a key issue affecting the safe service of hydrogen pipelines. In order to explore the influence of welding residual stress on hydrogen diffusion and the effect of heat treatment, an X80 pipeline model with a six-layer girth weld was established using ABAQUS software, and coupling analysis of temperature field, stress field, and hydrogen diffusion was carried out. The distribution of residual stress in the welding area and local inclusion area was analyzed, the relationship between the hydrostatic stress and hydrogen diffusion of the pipeline, and the influence of the direction and shape of the inclusion on hydrogen diffusion were explored, and the effect of post-weld heat treatment on the residual stress and hydrogen diffusion in the welding area and local inclusion area was studied. The hydrostatic stress curve is similar to the hydrogen concentration distribution curve, and hydrostatic stress can be considered the main driving force for hydrogen diffusion in the pipeline. As the angle between the inclusions and the hydrogen diffusion direction increases, the hydrogen diffusion flux will gradually decrease. The more slender the inclusions, the stronger the diffusion ability of parallel or 45° inclusions, and the weaker the diffusion ability of perpendicular inclusions. Hydrogen enrichment occurs in inclusions or inclusion boundaries before and after post-weld heat treatment of the pipeline, and the internal hydrogen concentration of hard inclusions is higher than that of soft inclusions. Post-weld heat treatment can significantly reduce welding residual stress and hydrostatic stress, thereby reducing hydrogen enrichment concentration.
Paediatric cataract surgery with 27G vitrectomy instrumentation: the Ghent University Hospital Experience
Authors: Chan Hwei Wuen , Van den Broeck Filip , Cools Axelle , Walraedt Sophie , Joniau Inge , Verdin Hannah , Balikova Irina , Van Nuffel Stefaan , Delbeke Patricia , De Baere Elfride , Leroy Bart P. , Nerinckx Fanny
Published: August 2023

Objective

To describe a cohort of paediatric patients who underwent unilateral or bilateral lens extractions at Ghent University hospital using the Dutch Ophthalmic Research Center (D.O.R.C.) ultra-short 27G vitrectomy system.

Methods

Retrospective analysis of the medical and surgical records of all children that underwent lens extraction between September 2016 and September 2020 using the D.O.R.C. ultra-short 27G vitrectomy system.

Results

Seventy-two eyes of 52 patients were included. The most important aetiologies in this study were of secondary (25.5%), developmental (13.7%), or genetic (13.7%) nature. No definitive cause could be established in more than a quarter of cases (27.5%) despite extensive work-up, them being deemed idiopathic. The remainder of cases (19.6%) was not assigned a final aetiologic designation at the time of the study due to contradicting or missing diagnostic data. This study could not identify any cataract cases related to infection or trauma. Surgical complications rate was 61.1% of which posterior capsule opacification was the most frequent with a rate of 25%. A significant short-term postoperative best-corrected visual acuity gain (≤ −0.2 LogMAR) was observed in 60.5% of eyes for which usable acuity data were available (n = 38).

Conclusion

Many different instruments and techniques have been described and used in the context of paediatric lens extractions, each with its advantages and disadvantages. This study illustrates that an ultra-short 27G vitrectomy system can be used to perform paediatric lens extractions with good surgical outcomes. Further studies and comparative trials are needed to ascertain this further.