bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A New Model of Projection Pursuit Grade Evaluation Model Based on Simulated Annealing Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Zhaomei Gai , Rentao Liu , Qiuxiang Jiang
Published: December 2018

Projection pursuit model (PP) is widely used in many fields, especially quality evaluation. One of the biggest shortages of PP was that the projection direction is strongly influenced by relevant parameters. In order to solve this problem, many experts and scholars introduced all kinds of parameters optimization method in PP. Based on the basis of previous studies, the article proposed a new model of projection pursuit grade evaluation model (PPE) integrated with simulated annealing ant colony optimization algorithm (SA-ACO). It provided a new thought and method for quality evaluation research. The case example demonstrated that the accuracy and the effect evaluation of the model was effectively and more objectively and practical in the evaluation of quality.
Understanding the Justice Fairness Effects on eWOM Communication in Social Media Environment
Authors: Sohaib Muhammad , Hui Peng , Akram Umair , Majeed Abdul , Akram Zubair , Bilal Muhammad
Published: December 2018

This article integrates the trust and justice fairness to construct a model for investigating the motivations behind customers eWOM in social media environment, specifically WeChat. Using data from the online surveys of netizens in China, the proposed model was verified and validated by using the structure equation modeling (SEM) technique. The outcomes reveal that customer trust appear to be mostly driven by interactional fairness, which in turn effects satisfaction. Procedural fairness and interactional fairness impacts considerably positive on satisfaction. Trust and satisfaction have a direct positive effect on the eWOM. However, trust has indirect influence on eWOM through the satisfaction. Discussions provide the useful implications for managers and future directions.
Organizational Structure's Influence on Business-IT Alignment
Authors: Jonathan Gideon Mekonnen , Rusu Lazar , Perjons Erik
Published: December 2018

Despite the long list of cumulative research, business-IT alignment remains to be evasive for practitioners and researchers. As organizations continue to spend a significant amount of their resources on IT to improve the variety and quality of services, achieving and maintaining business-IT alignment is a timely issue. Studies indicate that organizational structure, among other factors, plays an important role on whether organizations succeed in achieving business-IT alignment. A systematic literature review is conducted to provide an overview of previous studies as well as point out possible future research directions. A total of 31 articles were identified and included in the review. The findings indicate that there are few studies poised to address the lack of knowledge on how the formal/informal organizational structure's influence on business-IT alignment. The study presents a summary of previous findings on organizational structure's influence on business-IT alignment and identifies potential future research directions.
Shadow IT and Business-Managed IT
Authors: Kopper Andreas , Fürstenau Daniel , Zimmermann Stephan , Klotz Stefan , Rentrop Christopher , Rothe Hannes , Strahringer Susanne , Westner Markus
Published: December 2018

Research on Shadow IT is facing a conceptual dilemma in cases where previously “covert” systems developed by business entities are integrated in the organizational IT management. These systems become visible, are thus not “in the shadows” anymore, and subsequently do not fit to existing definitions of Shadow IT. Practice shows that some information systems share characteristics of Shadow IT but are created openly in alignment with the IT organization. This paper proposes the term “Business-managed IT” to describe “overt” information systems developed or managed by business entities and distinguishes it from Shadow IT by illustrating case vignettes. Accordingly, our contribution is to suggest a concept and its delineation against other concepts. In this way, IS researchers interested in IT originated from or maintained by business entities can construct theories with a wider scope of application that are at the same time more specific to practical problems. In addition, the terminology allows to value potentially innovative developments by business entities more adequately.
Credibility Analysis for Online Product Reviews
Authors: Chen Min , Prabakaran Anusha
Published: December 2018

With the prevalence of e-commerce, online product reviews are increasingly considered crowd-sourced consumer opinions that significantly influence customer purchasing decisions and product rankings. It is therefore important to ensure the truthfulness of reviews by detecting and filtering out fake/spam reviews. This article presents an effective framework to analyze review credibility for spam detection and opinion mining. It incorporates three methods: duplicated review detection, anomaly detection, and incentivized review detection, that complement each other to produce statistical credibility scores indicating review credibility. A practical end-to-end system is designed and developed accordingly, and is equipped with high-level data visualization for easy interpretation and summarization of the analysis results. Experiments on an Amazon review dataset demonstrate its efficiency, scalability and accuracy. This system could help e-commerce and consumers identify fake reviews, refine product rankings, and constrain vendors and spammers from engaging in dishonest practices.
An Efficient User-Centric Web Service Composition Based on Harmony Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Fekih Hela , Mtibaa Sabri , Bouamama Sadok
Published: December 2018

Generally, the composition is the process of combining services to fulfill complex tasks based on their functional and non-functional values such as quality of services (QoS) and context attributes. However, to produce a composition with values that satisfy many requirements is a challenging focus. In this article, the authors proposed a new approach centered evolutionary algorithm called the harmony particle swarm optimization (HPSO) algorithm that leads to an efficient composition with better performance and execution time. The authors' proposed method is a new hybrid version of the harmony search and the particle swarm optimization. The HPSO is designed to generate the best web service composition in a discrete search space. Furthermore, the method includes two filtering processes called Skyline operator and local consistency reinforcement techniques. These methods filter the search space and keep only the most representative candidate services. Results show the effectiveness and the accuracy of the proposed approach.
Synthesis of a Dendrimer as Rheological Modifier for Deep-Water Drilling Fluids and Study of its Interaction with Organo-Clay at Different Temperatures
Authors: Shi He , Jiang Guan Cheng , Wang Kai , Li Xin Liang
Published: December 2018

As the influence of large temperature range during deep-water drilling on rheological properties of water-in-oil emulsified drilling fluids, a dendrimer synthesized from a dodecyl dibasic acid and triethylenetetramine was introduced as a rheological modifier to get a flat-rheology. The product was characterized by infrared spectroscopy and its interaction with organo-clay was studied with sedimentation experiment, optical microscope, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and rheological test. The results showed that the dendrimer can improve the dispersion of organo-clay in oil and increase the distance between layers. What’s more, the addition of dendrimer can balance the yield point of base slurry (consisted of mineral oil, aqueous solution of 30wt% CaCl2, mixed emulsifier, and organo-clay) at 4 ° C and 65 ° C.
Numerical and Experimental Study of Quenching and Tempering Process of AISI 4130 Steel for Rocket Components
Authors: Thummikanonth Kritsana , Sapsamanwong Pairoj , Gositanon Apirath , Boonluang Thawatchai
Published: December 2018

In manufacturing process of rocket components, quenching and tempering process can be used to achieve suitable hardness, ultimate tensile strength and yield strength of raw material. The trial and error of quenching and tempering process to succeed suitable properties of raw material will waste of budget and time. In this study, numerical analysis of quenching and tempering process on AISI 4130 steel was investigated comparative to actual heat treatment process to evaluate the agreement between them. The numerical analysis technique was used to seek suitable tempering temperature with specify quenching temperature at 870°C and soaking time for an hour. The result showed that suitable tempering temperature was 450°C to achieve as-required mechanical properties. The actual quenching and tempering process was performed by furnace heating to 860°C and soaking for 60 minutes, followed by 450°C tempering for 2 hours. The results will be comparatively concluded that they slightly differed from numerical analysis around 5%-12% and showed a good agreement between numerical analysis and experimental result.
Oxidized Cellulose Nanofiber for Hemostatic Materials
Authors: Rungrodnimitchai Supitcha , Mayod Sirinapa , Hiranphinyophat Suphatra , Kotatha Ditpon , Dokbua Chittra
Published: December 2018

In this study, oxidized cellulose nanofiber was prepared from squeeze dried Nata de Coco sheet by the oxidation system of HNO3/H3PO4-NaNO2 at 30 °C for 24 hours. The ratio between HNO3 and H3PO4 was 1:3 v/v and the concentration of NaNO2 was 1.4% w/v. The carboxyl content and %yield of oxidized cellulose nanofiber from Nata de Coco (Nata-OC) was 28.6% and 68.4%, respectively. Then the Nata-OC was treated by several types of bases. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or triethanolamine (TEA) treated Nata-OC showed superior in gelation property to the original Nata-OC. The powder of base-treated Nata-OC gave stable Nata-OC aqueous dispersion, which might be applicable for spray-typed materials. The test papers obtained from 10% of base-treated Nata-OC dispersion showed good blood agglutinating property as same as dry sheet of pure Nata-OC. Moreover, the dispersion of base-treated Nata-OC could be coated on the surface of gauze without any additive.
An update on transsexuality
Authors: Ginige P. , Malalagama A. S.
Published: December 2018

Gender is a socially and culturally determined construct, which denotes a person’s perception of being a male, female, both, or neither. It lies on a spectrum from binary gender to gender queer. Transgender (TG) refers to the broad spectrum of individuals who identify with a gender different from their gender at birth. The distress caused by any incongruency between the assigned and perceived gender is known as gender dysphonia (GD) and is classified under mental and behavioural disorders in the International Classification of Diseases-10 and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5. Current population estimates of TG people range from 0.17 to 1,333 per 100,000. There are no general population studies for Sri Lanka (SL). Transsexuals face various forms of abuse, including sexual, physical and psychological abuse, most often due to transphobia. They have a high risk of engaging in transactional sex and hence a high risk of HIV infection. GD in adults is associated with an elevated prevalence of co morbid psychopathology, especially depression, anxiety disorders and sociality. Management of GD individuals needs a multi sectorial or multi element team approach. SL is making some progress in this direction, with the Ministry of Health having recently approved a Gender Recognition Certificate. However, all stakeholders should be involved in formulating management guidelines on transsexuality.
First record of Chaeteessa nigromarginata from Peru (Mantodea: Chaeteessidae)
Authors: Bustamante-Navarrete Abdhiel
Published: December 2018

The second Peruvian record of the genus Chaeteessa Burmeister and the first of the species Chaeteessa nigromarginata Salazar 2004 are reported.
Investigation of medicinal plants traditionally used as dietary supplements: A review on Moringa oleifera
Authors: Matic Ivana , Guidi Arianna , Kenzo Maurice , Mattei Maurizio , Galgani Andrea
Published: December 2018

Diet and nutrition are important factors in the promotion and maintenance of good health throughout the entire life course. A plant-based diet may be able to prevent and treat chronic diseases such as diabetes, heart disease and hypertension, obesity, chronic inflammation and cancer. Phytonutrient rich foods are found in traditional African diet which is mostly vegetarian, and most of these food plants are often used for medicinal purposes. This review focuses on a peculiar plant Moringa oleifera, called the “Miracle Tree”, considered to be one of nature’s healthiest and most nutritious foods. Countless studies describe the benefits of Moringa leaves, pods, seeds and flowers. Its well-documented role in prevention and treatment of chronic diseases is hypothesized here as a result of possible of cross-kingdom regulation by exogenous vegetal microRNAs and synergistic action of plant bioactive components on endogenous human microRNA regulation. The potential health impact of phytocomplexes from African dietary plants within the context of cross-kingdom and endogenous microRNA regulation on health improvement and the overall economic well-being of the continent is estimated to be enormous.
Mass media awareness campaign and the prevention of the spread of Lassa fever in the rural communities of Ebonyi State, Nigeria: Impact evaluation
Authors: Wogu Joseph Oluchukwu
Published: December 2018

This paper investigates the impact of media campaign on the prevention and spread of Lassa fever in Ebonyi state. 354 respondents were randomly selected from six rural communities in the state as study sample, while structured questionnaires were used for collecting data. SPSS version 20.0 was used to analyze the data. Results of analysis reveal that the media campaign has rural reach but has little or no impact. The results also reveal that the campaign failed to create appropriate awareness of the disease, its preventive/curative health behaviors. It further reveals that there are no health behavior modifications among the people because of the campaign. Therefore, this paper recommends the modification of media contents to incorporate the required preventive/curative health behaviors. Secondly, mandatory mass media awareness campaign and jingles in every news hour is recommended.
Not a duty but an opportunity: exploring the lived experiences of community health workers in Indiana through photovoice
Authors: Logan Ryan I.
Published: December 2018

Few studies have conducted photovoice projects to explore themes related to the lived experiences of community health workers (CHWs). As a relatively unknown segment of the health care workforce in the United States, CHWs are typically members of the communities they work within and fulfill unique and complementary roles through health education, health prevention, community outreach, and advocacy. This article documents a photovoice project that assessed the strengths, challenges, impacts, and what it means to be a CHW in Indiana. In this project, CHWs participated in the method of photovoice in two formal meetings – one to introduce the method and another to analyze the photographs. Participants displayed photographs, interpreted these images, and co-constructed their lived experiences. Several key themes emerged from discussion of the photographs including: participant descriptions of building individual and character traits, conceptualizations of this position, and how participants connect disparate resources for their clients. Themes and findings from this research can be utilized to reach out to potential employers and policy makers regarding the integration of CHWs into the workforce. Overall, this project documents the lived experiences of CHWs and highlights their voices as they become an accepted member within the broader workforce.
Inflammatory markers predict insulin sensitivity in active rheumatoid arthritis but not in psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Bellan M. , Bor S. , Gibbin A. , Gualerzi A. , Favretto S. , Guaschino G. , Bonometti R. , Rossini A. , Sola D. , Pedrazzoli R. , Carnevale Schianca G.P. , Pirisi M. , Sainaghi P.P.
Published: December 2018

Whether the insulin resistance commonly observed in patients with inflammatory arthritis is a disease-specific feature and/or is limited to a disease phase (i.e., it occurs only during phases of high disease activity) is unknown. Fifty-three rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 44 psoriatic arthritis (PsA) patients were recruited consecutively along with 194 controls matched for age, sex and body mass index for a case-control study. All underwent an oral glucose tolerance test, the results of which were analysed to derive the following indexes: homeostatic model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), insulin sensitivity index (ISI) and early insulin sensitivity index (EISI). These data were related to anthropometric, clinical and laboratory findings. Metabolic parameters of patients and controls were similar. Neither inflammatory markers nor disease activity scores were related to glucose metabolism for the generality of RA and PsA patients; however, by restricting the analysis to the subset of RA patients with residual disease activity, an association emerged between erythrocyte sedimentation rate, on the one hand, and fasting insulin (β=0.46, p=0.047) and HOMA-IR (β=0.44, p=0.02), on the other. Moreover, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were associated with plasma glucose and insulin levels measured 120 min after the glucose load (β=0.91, p=0.0003 and β=0.77, p=0.0006, respectively); ISI and EISI were predicted by CRP (β=-0.79, p=0.0006; β=-0.80, p=0.0001, respectively). The same did not hold true for PsA patients. The association between systemic inflammation and insulin resistance indexes is a feature of RA with residual disease activity, not a universal feature of inflammatory arthritides.
The association between serum prolactin levels and interleukin-6 and systemic lupus erythematosus activity
Authors: Wan Asyraf W.A. , Mohd Shahrir M.S. , Asrul W. , Norasyikin A.W. , Hanita O. , Kong W.Y. , Azmi M.T.
Published: December 2018

Based on the recent evidence of association between hyperprolactinemia and systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity (SLEDAI), a study was conducted to analyze the association of hyperprolactinemia with lupus nephritis disease activity. In this cross-sectional study, the analysis was conducted on SLE patients who visited the University Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC) Nephrology Clinic from August 2015 till February 2016. The disease activity was measured using the SLEDAI score, with more than 4 indicating active lupus nephritis. Basal resting prolactin level was analyzed in 43 patients with lupus nephritis, in 27.9% of them had raised serum prolactin. The median of serum prolactin level at 0 minutes was 19.91 ng/mL (IQR: 15.95-22.65 ng/ mL) for active lupus nephritis, which was significantly higher compared to the median of serum prolactin level of 14.34 ng/mL (IQR: 11.09-18.70 ng/mL) for patients in remission (p=0.014). The serum prolactin level positively correlated with SLEDAI (rhos: 0.449, p=0.003) and the UPCI level in lupus nephritis patients (rhos: 0.241, p=0.032). The results were reproduced when the serum prolactin was repeated after 30 minutes. However, the serum prolactin levels at 0 minutes were higher than those taken after 30 minutes (p=0.001). An assessment of serum IL-6 levels found that the active lupus nephritis patients had a higher median level of 65.91 pg/ mL (IQR: 21.96-146.14 pg/mL) compared to the in-remission level of 15.84 pg/mL (IQR: 8.38-92.84 pg/mL), (p=0.039). Further correlation analysis revealed that there was no statistical correlation between the interleukin (IL)-6 levels with serum prolactin, SLEDAI and other lupus nephritis parameters. An ROC curve analysis of serum prolactin at 0 minutes and serum prolactin after 30 minutes and IL-6 levels for prediction of SLE disease activity provided the cutoff value of serum prolactin at 0 minutes, which was 14.63 ng/mL with a sensitivity of 91.7% and specificity of 58.1% and AUC of 0.74 (p=0.015). This study concurred with the previous findings that stated that hyperprolactinemia is prevalent in SLE patients and correlated with clinical disease activity and UPCI level. The baseline of the fasting serum prolactin level was found to be a sensitive biomarker for the evaluation of lupus nephritis disease activity.
Nailfold videocapillaroscopy in antisynthetase syndrome
Authors: Cassone G. , Sebastiani M. , Cavagna L. , Triantafyllias K. , Codullo V. , Salvarani C. , Manfredi A.
Published: December 2018

A 57-year-old woman with a diagnosis of antisynthetase syndrome (ASSD) underwent a nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) showing a scleroderma pattern. Alterations in capillary morphology have been reported in adults with inflammatory myositis (IM) but only recently have the differences in NVC findings between these two diseases been established. ASSD is currently classified as a subset of IM, for which reason only a few studies in literature evaluate its specific hallmarks, showing nonspecific features of NVC in patients with polymyositis and dermatomyositis (DM) and antisynthetase antibodies. To our knowledge, this is the first description of ASSD capillaroscopy features, and the first report of NVC in ASSD with evidence of scleroderma pattern. Further studies are needed to define clearly frequency, typical features, and possible correlation with clinical and serological data of NVC changes in ASSD, differences between microangiopathy in ASSD and systemic sclerosis or DM.
Extra-articular rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Marcucci E. , Bartoloni E. , Alunno A. , Leone M.C. , Cafaro G. , Luccioli F. , Valentini V. , Valentini E. , La Paglia G.M.C. , Bonifacio A.F. , Gerli R.
Published: December 2018

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that mainly affects the joints, though a consistent proportion of patients may also display extra articular manifestations (EAMs). From rheumatoid nodules to interstitial lung disease, from cardiovascular events to vasculitis, the spectrum of EAMs encompasses various conditions with different prognoses. EAMs may also occur as first RA manifestation, therefore the coordination with other health professionals, including general practitioners, is needed. The aim of this article is to provide an overview on EAMs in RA with particular focus on the recognised risk factors and the available recommendations for managing them, as well as comorbidities in RA patients.
Successful retrograde recanalization of internal jugular vein passing from omolateral external jugular vein
Authors: Lupattelli Tommaso , Onorati Paolo , Bellagamba Giovanni , Toma Ginevra
Published: December 2018

Severe stenosis and/or thrombosis of the internal jugular vein could be managed through a novel technique herein reported. Recanalization can be achieved passing through the omolateral external jugular vein.
Maîtrise de la gestion des fumiers de bovin avant méthanisation : un enjeu clé pour optimiser la production de biogaz
Authors: Teixeira Franco Ruben , Buffière Pierre , Bayard Rémy
Published: December 2018

This work focuses on the optimization of cattle manure management practices before anaerobic digestion. Different storage conditions were studied for 120 days at the laboratory scale, notably open-air storage and ensiling (and co-ensiling), with the aim of improving the conservation of the biochemical methane potential. These experiments have highlighted the very poor preservation of fresh cattle manure. On the one hand, about 74% of the biochemical methane potential was lost during aerobic storage. On the other hand, chemical properties of fresh cattle manure restricted silage stabilization, resulting in 46% loss of biochemical methane potential. Co-ensiling trials showed that preservation of cattle manure can be achieved if proper storage practices are used. For co-silages with wheat straw the energy losses varied between 5-67%. With the addition of glucose or starch the energy losses were negligible after 120 days. Co-ensilage of cattle manure with a co-substrate rich in accessible sugars and high dry matter content seems to be the most appropriate method for preserving the energy potential of this resource before anaerobic digestion.

Ce travail porte sur l'optimisation des pratiques de gestion des fumiers de bovin avant méthanisation dans l'objectif d'améliorer la conservation du potentiel bio-méthanogène. Différentes conditions de stockage ont été étudiées expérimentalement pendant 120 jours à l'échelle du laboratoire, en particulier le stockage aérobie ainsi que l'ensilage et le co-ensilage. Ces expériences ont permis de mettre en évidence la très mauvaise conservation du fumier de bovin frais dans les deux conditions de stockage. D'une part, le potentiel bio-méthanogène a été réduit d'environ 74 % pendant le stockage aérobie. D'autre part, les propriétés chimiques du fumier frais ont restreint la stabilisation apportée par l'ensilage, entraînant des pertes de 46 % de potentiel bio-méthanogène. Cependant, les essais de co-ensilage ont montré que le potentiel méthanogène des fumiers de bovin peut être mieux conservé par des conditions de stockage adaptées. Le co-ensilage avec de la paille de blé a ainsi permis de limiter la baisse du potentiel méthanogène entre 5 et 67 % et l'ajout de glucose ou d'amidon comme co-substrat d'ensilage a rendu les pertes négligeables en 120 jours de stockage. Le co-ensilage de fumier de bovin avec un co-substrat riche en sucres facilement biodégradables et à teneur en matière sèche élevée semble être la méthode la plus pertinente pour la préservation du potentiel énergétique de cette ressource avant méthanisation.
Attribution of recent increases in atmospheric methane through 3-D inverse modelling
Authors: McNorton Joe , Wilson Chris , Gloor Manuel , Parker Rob J. , Boesch Hartmut , Feng Wuhu , Hossaini Ryan , Chipperfield Martyn P.
Published: December 2018

Abstract. The
atmospheric methane (CH4) growth rate has varied considerably in
recent decades. Unexplained renewed growth after 2006 followed 7 years of
stagnation and coincided with an isotopic trend toward CH4 more
depleted in 13C, suggesting changes in sources and/or sinks. Using
surface observations of both CH4 and the relative change of
isotopologue ratio (δ13CH4) to constrain a global 3-D
chemical transport model (CTM), we have performed a synthesis inversion for
source and sink attribution. Our method extends on previous studies by
providing monthly and regional attribution of emissions from six different
sectors and changes in atmospheric sinks for the extended 2003–2015 period.
Regional evaluation of the model CH4 tracer with independent column
observations from the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) shows
improved performance when using posterior fluxes (R=0.94–0.96, RMSE =8.3–16.5 ppb), relative to prior fluxes (R=0.60–0.92, RMSE =48.6–64.6 ppb). Further independent validation with data from the Total
Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) shows a similar improvement in the
posterior fluxes (R=0.87, RMSE =18.8 ppb) compared to the prior
fluxes (R=0.69, RMSE =55.9 ppb). Based on these improved posterior
fluxes, the inversion results suggest the most likely cause of the renewed
methane growth is a post-2007 1.8±0.4 % decrease in mean OH, a
12.9±2.7 % increase in energy sector emissions, mainly from
Africa–Middle East and southern Asia–Oceania, and a 2.6±1.8 %
increase in wetland emissions, mainly from northern Eurasia. The posterior
wetland flux increases are in general agreement with bottom-up estimates, but
the energy sector growth is greater than estimated by bottom-up methods. The
model results are consistent across a range of sensitivity analyses. When
forced to assume a constant (annually repeating) OH distribution, the
inversion requires a greater increase in energy sector (13.6±2.7 %)
and wetland (3.6±1.8 %) emissions and an 11.5±3.8 %
decrease in biomass burning emissions. Assuming no prior trend in sources and
sinks slightly reduces the posterior growth rate in energy sector and wetland
emissions and further increases the magnitude of the negative OH trend. We
find that possible tropospheric Cl variations do not influence δ13CH4 and CH4 trends, although we suggest further work on Cl
variability is required to fully diagnose this contribution. While the study
provides quantitative insight into possible emissions variations which may
explain the observed trends, uncertainty in prior source and sink estimates
and a paucity of δ13CH4 observations limit the robustness of
the posterior estimates.
Apparatus for dry deposition of aerosols on snow
Authors: Beres Nicholas D. , Moosmüller Hans
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Deposition of light-absorbing aerosol on snow can drastically
change the albedo of the snow surface and the energy balance of the snowpack.
To study these important effects experimentally and to compare them with theory,
it is desirable to have an apparatus for such deposition experiments. Here,
we describe a simple apparatus to generate and evenly deposit light-absorbing
aerosols onto a flat snow surface. Aerosols are produced (combustion
aerosols) or entrained (mineral dust aerosols) and continuously transported
into a deposition chamber placed on the snow surface where they deposit onto
and into the snowpack, thereby modifying its surface reflectance and albedo.
We demonstrate field operation of this apparatus by generating black and
brown carbon combustion aerosols and entraining hematite mineral dust aerosol
and depositing them on the snowpack. Changes in spectral snow reflectance are
demonstrated qualitatively through pictures of snow surfaces after aerosol
deposition and quantitatively by measuring hemispherical-conical reflectance
spectra for the deposited areas and for adjacent snowpack in its natural
state. Additional potential applications for this apparatus are mentioned and
briefly discussed.
Hydrography, transport and mixing of the West Spitsbergen Current: the Svalbard Branch in summer 2015
Authors: Kolås Eivind , Fer Ilker
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Measurements of ocean currents, stratification and microstructure were made in August 2015,
northwest of Svalbard, downstream of the Atlantic inflow in Fram Strait in
the Arctic Ocean. Observations in three sections are used to characterize the
evolution of the West Spitsbergen Current (WSC) along a 170 km downstream
distance. Two alternative calculations imply 1.5 to 2 Sv
(1 Sv = 106 m3 s−1) is routed to recirculation and Yermak
branch in Fram Strait, whereas 0.6 to 1.3 Sv is carried by the Svalbard
branch. The WSC cools at a rate of 0.20 ∘C per 100 km, with
associated bulk heat loss per along-path meter of
(1.1-1.4)×107 W m−1, corresponding to a surface heat loss of
380–550 W m−2. The measured turbulent heat flux is too small to
account for this cooling rate. Estimates using a plausible range of
parameters suggest that the contribution of diffusion by eddies could be
limited to one half of the observed heat loss. In addition to shear-driven
mixing beneath the WSC core, we observe energetic convective mixing of an
unstable bottom boundary layer on the slope, driven by Ekman advection of
buoyant water across the slope. The estimated lateral buoyancy flux is
O(10−8) W kg−1, sufficient to maintain a large fraction of the
observed dissipation rates, and corresponds to a heat flux of approximately
40 W m−2. We conclude that – at least in summer – convectively
driven bottom mixing followed by the detachment of the mixed fluid and its
transfer into the ocean interior can lead to substantial cooling and
freshening of the WSC.
¿Matías Sánchez traductor de Lucrecio?
Authors: Molina Sánchez Manuel
Published: December 2018

Las traducciones de Lucrecio en España anteriores al siglo XX han sido muy escasas, hasta el punto de que puede afirmarse sin reparo que no ha habido un acercamiento profundo al poeta epicúreo en nuestro país hasta el siglo pasado. Tras un breve repaso a las versiones castellanas de los siglos XVIII y XIX, se analiza la traducción manuscrita de Matías Sánchez (1832) y su vinculación con la del abate Marchena (1791).
La identidad lírica de Conrado del Campo en los retablos de Víctor Espinós
Authors: Ferreiro Carballo David
Published: December 2018

Los pocos estudios realizados hasta la fecha sobre la figura de Conrado del Campo han coincidido en señalar su gran temperamento lírico, cualidad que se refleja en su catálogo en más de 25 títulos, entre óperas, zarzuelas y otros géneros de música teatral. En este trabajo proponemos una aproximación a la lírica del maestro a partir de una sección muy concreta de su producción, la música escrita para los retablos de Víctor Espinós entre 1927 y 1930: Antaño o un corpus viejo en Madrid (1927), El cielo y Madrid se casan (1928), El retablo de fray Luis (1928) y El retablo de los remedios (1930). Usando la teoría de tópicos, nos acercaremos a estas obras para mostrar alguna de las prácticas compositivas que Del Campo ensayó durante ese momento de su vida para plasmar su concepción de la identidad lírica española en un género tan particular como el retablo musical.
The Role of Saving and Credit Cooperatives in Improving Rural Micro Financing: The Case of Bench Maji, Kaffa, Shaka Zones
Authors: Begajo Tesfaye Megiso
Published: December 2018

Microfinance is the provision of microloans to poor entrepreneurs and small businesses lacking access to banking and related services. Saving and Credit Cooperative are the main source of finance for people who have low income level. In this study the role of saving and credit cooperatives in improving rural micro financing in Bench Maji, Kaffa, and Shaka Zones was examined. Methodologically descriptive survey research was applied. Ideological preparedness of community on saving, tool to improve members saving culture, members’ actual deposit, and loan facilities performed by cooperatives were the focuses in this study. The findings show that there is a contribution in changing the saving culture of the members, monthly deposit, and loan disbursement capacity. The challenges are shortage of finance for loan, irregularity in saving, weak collection of loan receivables, no collaboration with other financial institutions, limitation in awareness creation, and limited support of government to lower administrative level. Therefore, to fulfil the members’ financial need cooperatives have to increase the number of members, the Government should establish strong education, training, and information unit at Zone and Woreda level, without abiding cooperative rules should arrange capital injection and collaboration with Micro financial Institutions, private and public banks.
Reading Words alongside Images: Ali Smith and Visual Portraiture
Authors: Weaver Milly
Published: December 2018

This article reads description in Ali Smith's fiction alongside the techniques and concerns of the visual portraiture tradition. It deploys portraiture as a guiding framework within which to explore how character description operates in this author's work. First setting out the technical similarities between each visual and verbal domain, this study then moves on to a consideration of their shared thematic concerns. Specifically, approaching Smith's work with visual representation in mind has much to tell us about how prose fiction grapples with the issues that typically attach to perceiving and rendering identity, and gendered identity in particular. More widely, this study makes a methodological and firmly interdisciplinary point: it argues for the critical value of considering visual and verbal images alongside one another. This integrated approach stresses the capacity of each respective form to articulate, and query, the workings of the other. And in so doing, they also shed light on the wider visual culture out of which they both emerge.
Expressivism, Moral Judgment, and Disagreement: A Jamesian Program
Authors: Aikin Scott , Hodges Michael
Published: December 2018

Expressivism, the view that ethical claims are expressions of psychological states, has advantages such as closing the gap between normative claims and motivation and avoiding difficulties posed by the ontological status of values. However, it seems to make substantive moral disagreement impossible. Here, we develop a suggestion from William James as a pragmatist extension of expressivism. If we look at a set of moral claims from the perspective of the maximally comprehensive set of co-possible satisfactions, then a claim can be treated as true if it is part of that set. There then is a practical “fact of the matter” about the members of such a set. This makes the notion of moral truth analogous to pragmatic notions of scientific truth, defined as what will withstand inquiry to its ideal limit, and thereby provides a way for expressivists to make sense of moral disagreement.
John Steinbeck and Sonya Noskowiak: Dating the Iconic Photo
Authors: Krim Arthur
Published: December 2018

The iconic photo of John Steinbeck sitting in a chair cross-legged wearing his leather jacket has been credited correctly to Sonya Noskowiak (1900–1975) as photographer. With estimated dates ranging from circa 1930 to circa 1940 by various biographers, the precise dating of this photo, however, has been open to question. Recent research in the Noskowiak archives at the Center for Creative Photography at the University of Arizona in Tucson has now documented a secure date of May 1935 for the Steinbeck negative. The secure date thus places the Noskowiak portrait as contemporary with publication of Tortilla Flat in 1935, likely authorized by Steinbeck's publisher Pascal Covici. Sonya Noskowiak, German born of Polish parents, was a member of the innovative Group f/64 photographers in Carmel, California, and a close associate of its founder, Edward Weston. In 1935 she established her own portrait studio in San Francisco, recording the artistic personae of the Bay Area. The Steinbeck session included some six images, both close-ups and full frame, with the armchair photo among the most powerful. A second series of informal Steinbeck photos was taken in 1936 by Group f/64 member Peter Stackpole and showed Steinbeck relaxing at his home in Pacific Grove. The Noskowiak photos of John Steinbeck capture the young author on the brink of his creativity, two years before Of Mice and Men and four years before The Grapes of Wrath. The power of the Noskowiak series comes from the direct documentary style of Group f/64 and the determined gaze of Steinbeck's pose.
Steinbeck Today
Authors: Ray William
Published: December 2018

News in the first half of 2018 confirmed the continued relevance of Steinbeck's life and work to events in California, New York, and Oklahoma and to developments in music, medicine, photography, theater, film, politics, and marine science—fields which occupied Steinbeck's attention and imagination in The Grapes of Wrath, written eighty years ago; A Russian Journal, published seventy years ago; and touchstone texts including Sea of Cortez, Cannery Row, East of Eden, The Winter of Our Discontent, and Travels with Charley. Quotations from newspaper reports and interviews demonstrate the geographical and cultural range of Steinbeck's influence as a writer and—with Ed Ricketts and Robert Capa—as a collaborator in underappreciated books that outlasted their critics.
Dimensionamento via Método da Resistência Direta de colunas em aço inoxidável de parede fina sob falha distorcional
Authors: Paixão João Fernando Martins , Landesmann Alexandre
Published: December 2018

Este trabalho apresenta um estudo numérico-computacional via MEF do comportamento estrutural de flambagem, pós-flambagem (elástica e elasto-plástica) e resistência última de colunas constituídas por perfis U enrijecido em aços inoxidáveis austenítico (304) e ferrítico (430) submetidos à compressão uniaxial centrada e modo de falha distorcional. Tais análises têm por objetivo avaliar a aplicabilidade do Método da Resistência Direta (MRD), segundo as especificações existentes para o dimensionamento destes elementos. Inicialmente, descrevem-se os critérios adotados para a seleção das colunas segundo a Teoria Generalizada de Vigas (GBT), com emprego do programa de livre acesso GBTul, para duas condições de apoio, que diferem principalmente quanto ao empenamento, podendo ser livre ou impedido e diferentes dimensões de seção-transversal. Após validação do modelo numérico proposto, segundo comparação entre forças críticas e últimas obtidas neste trabalho com semelhantes disponibilizadas na literatura, o presente trabalho apresenta e avalia resultados obtidos de um estudo paramétrico proposto, abrangendo 320 colunas, com uma vasta gama de esbeltez distorcional, sendo comparados suas resistências últimas com previsões disponíveis segundo o MRD.
Uso do QFD para definir requisitos necessários para a aplicação da estratégia da modularidade nos fornecedores de primeiro nível do setor automotivo
Authors: Carnevalli José Antonio , Sousa José Eduardo Rodrigues de , Benedicto Samuel Carvalho de , Medeiros Charles Gauguin Alfaia , Georges Marcos Ricardo Rosa
Published: December 2018

Este trabalho tem como objetivo realizar um estudo da aplicação teórica do QFD, para definir requisitos necessários à aplicação da estratégia modular nos fornecedores de primeiro nível das montadoras do setor automotivo. Este projeto envolveu a construção da Matriz da Qualidade teórica utilizando dados da literatura para identificar os requisitos necessários a aplicação da modularidade. Com a conclusão da matriz da qualidade, verificou-se que os aspectos de infraestrutura estão relacionados com: (i) treinamento, experiência na função e nível de qualificação; (ii) gestão da qualidade; (iii) a busca da excelência e do know how, e; (iv) ter eficiência na logística. Somente após desenvolver estas competências em qualidade, logística e Know how a empresa estará pronta para assumir como fornecedora de módulos numa relação de parceria estratégica com a montadora.
Estudo do fluxo de processo para readequação de layout em uma empresa do segmento elétrico
Authors: Giraldeli Felipe , Ferreira Tamires , Gomes Pedro , Chiroli Daiane , Zola Fernanda , Aragão Franciely
Published: December 2018

O arranjo físico de uma instalação produtiva, tem o propósito de unir recursos transformadores de forma eficiente, para que as atividades industriais trabalhem de forma a obter um desempenho ótimo ao longo do tempo, neste sentido, um layout mal projetado pode acarretar em problemas na eficiência produtiva. Diante do pressuposto, este estudo tem como objetivo realizar uma proposta de um novo layout para os setores de manufatura de uma empresa do ramo elétrico, para isso, se fez necessário o estudo do fluxo do processo produtivo da empresa, bem como do seu layout atual e fluxo de materiais dentro deste espaço. Com os resultados alcançados, e a proposta do novo layout realizada, notou-se que a nova proposta contribuiu para que os objetivos de redução de movimentação entre materiais e pessoas e eliminação de cruzamento dos fluxos, fossem alcançados, garantindo uma melhor produtividade além de melhorias na organização e segurança.
Las matizaciones del principio dispositivo y los poderes del juez en los procesos colectivos
Authors: Neira Pena Ana María
Published: December 2018

En este trabajo se analizan la necesidad de limitar el principio dispositivo, que rige con fuerza en el proceso civil español, para tutelar de forma efectiva los derechos colectivos o de grupo. Para ello se confrontan dos regulaciones, la contenida en la Ley de enjuiciamiento civil española, carente de un auténtico sistema de acciones colectivas, y la contenida en el Código Modelo de procesos colectivos para Iberoamérica que, consciente de las especificidades de la tutela colectiva, configura un auténtico sistema de tutela judicial colectiva efectiva.
O ACORDO DE REPARTIÇÃO DE BENEFÍCIO COMO PROTEÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO TRADICIONAL ASSOCIADO À BIODIVERSIDADE: A TRANSPARÊNCIA NA ATUAÇÃO DA EMPRESA NATURA NA REGIÃO AMAZÔNICA
Authors: Ravena de Sousa Pilar , Soeiro Vieira Bruno , Ravena Cañete Thales
Published: December 2018

O presente trabalho trata do princípio da transparência, estudando se a Empresa Natura respeita o princípio em questão, especificamente no caso do acordo de repartição de benefícios com as comunidades tradicionais na Amazônia, fornecedoras de insumos e de conhecimento tradicional associado à biodiversidade. Nesse sentido, são apresentados os conceitos de conhecimento tradicional e comunidades tradicionais adotados pelo ordenamento jurídico brasileiro na Lei 13.123/2015 – a qual regula o acesso ao conhecimento tradicional associado à biodiversidade. Em seguida, é feita a análise da inserção do acordo de repartição de benefícios no ordenamento jurídico, bem como na legislação ambiental brasileira, a partir dos tratados internacionais assinados pelo Brasil. Por fim, serão analisadas as políticas internas adotadas pela Empresa Natura no que diz respeito à transparência no processo de repartição de benefícios, através dos dados fornecidos pelo website da Empresa. Por fim, conclui-se que a transparência utilizada no discurso publicitário da empresa difere da transparência que é fruto do ordenamento que regula o conhecimento tradicional associado à biodiversidade.
O DIREITO PROCESSUAL TRABALHISTA ESPANHOL E OS MECANISMOS EXTRAJUDICIAIS DE SOLUÇÃO DE CONFLITOS
Authors: Silva Bittencourt Luiz Antônio
Published: December 2018

O objetivo neste trabalho é trazer alguns aspectos da legislação processual trabalhista espanhola, apresentando, de forma sucinta, a organização judiciária, as principais leis que regulamentam a matéria, bem como os mecanismos de solução de conflito existente. Para perseguir o nosso propósito, primeiramente se fará um breve apontamento constitucional do processo trabalhista, buscando referencial na constituição, principalmente pelo princípio do acesso à justiça e da inafastabilidade do judiciário, buscando apresentar as principais legislações processuais trabalhistas, trazendo somente alguns elementos com foco nos mecanismos de solução dos conflitos extrajudiciais ou mecanismos preparatórios para ajuizamento de ação trabalhista, tendo em vista se tratar de elemento essencial e indispensável, o que precisaria ser trabalhado na nossa legislação processual brasileira, principalmente os mecanismos extrajudiciais de conciliação prévia.
REALISMO JURÍDICO NORTE-AMERICANO E REALISMO JURÍDICO ESCANDINAVO: O PROBLEMA DA METAFÍSICA
Authors: Grubba Leilane Serratine , Monteiro Kimberly Farias
Published: December 2018

O realismo jurídico foi um movimento das décadas de 1920 e 1940. O realismo parece rejeitar a metafísica, criticar o formalismo, bem como se utilizar da lógica na busca da certeza jurídica. Para os realistas, importa a atuação dos juízes, bem como a aplicação por eles das as normas jurídicas. Assim, o realismo parece contrapor-se ao Direito positivista, segundo o qual os juízes decidem, primeiro, de acordo com as normas já pré-estabelecidas. O Direito, nesse sentido, se baseia mais na atitude judicial do que no vigente ordenamento jurídico. O artigo tem por objeto o realismo jurídico, objetivando analisar suas correntes norte-americana e escandinava. Problematiza, em ambas as correntes, a tese comum antimetafísica, questionando o essencialismo das próprias teses realistas. Metodologicamente, será analisado o realismo jurídico norte-americano, seguido da análise do realismo jurídico escandinavo, para, ao final, se analisar a tese essencialista. Para a análise, adota-se o método de pesquisa dedutivo, com técnica bibliográfica.