bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Librarian Expertise, Responsiveness, and Virtual Reference Service Quality: Do Communication Channels Matter?
Authors: Maesaroh Imas , Haddow Gaby , Kholis Nur , Mujib Abdul
Published: August 2024

This study examines the impact of librarian expertise and responsiveness on virtual reference service (VRS) quality, focusing on the mediating role of communication channels. Data were gathered via Google Forms survey involving 161 university librarians in Indonesia and analyzed through structural equation modeling using Lisrel 8.8 to assess validity, reliability, and relationships between variables. Results indicate that librarian expertise and responsiveness significantly contribute to the overall quality of VRS. Furthermore, communication channels were found to play a crucial role in enhancing the influence of librarian expertise and responsiveness on service quality. These findings suggest the importance of effective communication strategies in shaping user experiences within VRS platforms. The study offers valuable insights into the dynamics of VRS and underlines the significance of communication channels as mediators between librarian actions and service qualiyt.
The Impact of Interactivity on Customer Purchase Intention in Social Media Marketing: The Mediating Role of Social Presence
Authors: Jiang Yuanyuan , Pongsakornrungsilp Siwarit , Pongsakornrungsilp Pimlapas , Li Long
Published: August 2024

This research utilizes the S-O-R (stimulus-organism-response) framework to investigate how essential quality factors impact consumer behavior in social media marketing. Specifically, it assesses the impact of information quality, which includes believability, usefulness, and vividness, on social presence and customer purchase intention. Additionally, it evaluates interaction quality, characterized by responsiveness, real-time interaction, and empathy, and its influence on these variables. Data were obtained from 652 Chinese consumers engaged in live broadcasts through an online survey. Employing PLS-SEM with SPSS and SmartPLS software, the analysis revealed significant impacts from both information and interaction quality on the results of the study. These factors were found to enhance customers' perception of social presence, significantly affecting their intent to purchase on social media live platforms. The findings offer crucial theoretical and practical insights for merchants to refine marketing strategies, underlining the importance of high-quality information and interaction in boosting consumer engagement and driving purchase decisions.
From Likes to Buys: Unveiling the Impact of Social Media Influencers on Consumer Behavior and Market Dynamics
Authors: Dwinggo Samala Agariadne , Rawas Soha
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the significant impact of social media influencers on consumer purchasing behavior, focusing on the role of credibility and trustworthiness. A robust quantitative research approach was used to collect data from an online survey of 500 consumers who actively follow social media influencers. The results show a significant and positive relationship between social media influencers and consumer purchasing behavior. Notably, the credibility of these influencers and the nature of the products or services they promote emerge as important factors influencing consumer decisions. This study offers useful insights for marketers, emphasizing the importance of strategically selecting influencers and cultivating long-term relationships to increase credibility and trustworthiness. These findings provide practical advice for improving influencer marketing strategies and engaging with target audiences.
Developing An Engaging Computerized Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Adolescent Depression
Authors: Marzuki Atifah , Mat Noor Siti Fadzilah , Tengku Wook Tengku Siti Meriam , Wan Ismail Wan Salwina
Published: August 2024

The implementation of computerized cognitive behavioural therapy (cCBT) among adult patients has been proven effective but the effectiveness of using cCBT to treat depression among adolescents is still not clear to date. The problem lies in the failure to engage adolescents with the computerized therapy. Engagement with computerized therapy is deemed as crucial as the outcome of the therapy relies on the engagement between patients and the cCBT. In order to ensure the engagement, the cCBT has to be usable and fulfil the adolescents’ needs and requirements. Hence, this study designs and develops a cCBT for adolescent depression based on an engagement model proposed. The results showed that the engagement between adolescents and the cCBT is satisfactory despites having some limitations. This shows that adolescent’s engagement with cCBT can be maintained effectively if the cCBT is designed and developed to meet their needs and requirements.
Ameloblastic Fibro Odontoma in a 10-Year-Old Boy: Case Report
Authors: Eslami Mehdi , Tabatabaei Seyed Hossein , Sabaghzadegan Farinaz , Navvabi Seyed Ehsan
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Ameloblastic fibro‑odontoma (AFO) is a rare, slow‑growing neoplastic lesion classified as a benign, epithelial odontogenic mesenchymal tumor. This tumor exhibits histological features characteristic of both ameloblastic fibromas and complex odontomas. The clinical manifestation of AFO is typically characterized by the asymptomatic enlargement of the jawbones. Radiographically, it presents as a distinct radiolucent region, indicating the presence of radiopaque substances with varying degrees of irregularities in size and morphology. Standard therapeutic intervention involves enucleation. Despite its benign nature, AFO can cause significant morbidity if left untreated. Therefore, prompt diagnosis and appropriate management are essential to ensure optimal patient outcomes. The present study described the case (clinical presentation and management) of a 10‑year‑old male patient with an AFO lesion located in the posterior mandible. This particular case was treated with conservative measures involving surgical enucleation along with the extraction of the impacted tooth and the curettage of residual bone.
Yükselen Piyasa Ekonomilerinde Gelir Dağılımının Sorunlu Kredilere Etkisi
Authors: Okumuş İlyas , Ayrıçay Yücel , Bekereci Nur Esra
Published: August 2024

The main purpose of the study is to analyze the effects of income inequality on non-performing loans by controlling the effects of other macroeconomic variables for 13 emerging market economies in the 2000–2020 period. In this context, the variables of GDP, unemployment, inflation, domestic credit to the private sector, foreign direct investment and current account deficit were also included in the model and the data were tested with the panel ARDL approach. As a result of the analysis, in emerging market countries, it has been observed that there is a positive and significant relationship between non-performing loans and income distribution in the long run. Therefore, it can be interpreted that income inequality has increased the problem of loans. In addition to these results, a positive and significant relationship was found between non-performing loans and growth, domestic loans to the private sector and unemployment, and a negative and significant relationship between inflation, current account balance, and non-performing loans. In this sense, economic growth, domestic loans given to the private sector, and unemployment rates were the factors that increased non-performing loans apart from income distribution. Finally, the effect of the foreign direct investment variable on non-performing loans was not found to be statistically significant. According to the results obtained, it was observed that the coefficient signs of the variables used in the study were compatible with the literature.
Zazacada Fanzin Dergicilik Bağlamında Vatı ve Veng u Vaj
Authors: Dağılma İbrahim
Published: August 2024

Medya çağında kimi fikirler, alt kültürler ve iktidar desteğinden yoksun dillerin tanınması amatör/fanzin dergilerin çabasıyla sürdürülmektedir. Bir fikir, kimlik, dil ve özel bir ilgi alanı için alternatif sayılan fanzinler, aynı zamanda onların sözcüsü sayılır. Muhalif görünümlü fanzinler, ticari amaç gütmez ve hazırlayanlar tarafından çoğaltılır, sınırlı alanda dağıtılır. Fanzinler, profesyonel medyaya alternatiftirler. Kendisi olmak isteyen, dil ve kimlik olarak tanınmayı arzulayan, tekdüzeliği reddeden, kurumlara ve iktidara itirazı olanlarca yayınlanır. Zaza edebiyatı, sözlü alanda belirli bir mesafe katetmekle birlikte yazılı alanda diğer edebiyatlarına oranla ciddi bir gecikme yaşamıştır. Zazaca ilk eser, için 125 yıl önce gösterilebilir. Modern Zaza edebiyatı alanındaki çalışmalar için ise 45 yıl öncesine gidilebilir. Yazılı alandaki bu gecikme; siyasi, sosyal, kimlik, dil, bilinç ve coğrafya gibi birçok sebeple izah edilebilir. Zazaca fanzin dergiciliği ‘dili sahiplenme, ötekiye ses olma, inkâr politikalarına muhalefet, kadro yetersizliği ve ekonomik imkânsızlık’ gibi unsurların etkisindedir. Zazaca fanzinler, yetersizlik içinde yetebilme gayreti, sesleri duyulmayan ve temsil edilmeyenlerin sesi olma endişesi taşır. Zazaca fanzin dergicilik, çeşitli sebeplerden güçlü bir seyir izleyememiştir. 1980-2023 yılları arası bir seyri olan Zazaca fanzinler oldukça azdır. Vatı ve Veng u Vac, Zazacada fanzinlerin ilk örnekleridir. Bu çalışma bu iki dergi eksenli Zazaca fanzin dergicilik üzerinde durmakta ve iki derginin Zazacadaki yerini incelemektedir.
Pozitif Örgütsel Davranış Çalışmaları Üzerine Sistemli Bir İnceleme ve Eleştiriler: Quo Vadis?
Authors: Eryılmaz İnan
Published: August 2024

Bu çalışma, pozitif örgütsel davranış alanında yer alan bilimsel kanıtların derlenmesini ve Türkçe yayınlanmış makaleler üzerinden pozitif örgütsel davranış alanının panoramasının ortaya konmasını amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla, pozitif örgütsel davranış araştırmaları kategorisine giren, hakemli dergilerde yayınlanmış akademik makale türünden yayınlar derlenmek suretiyle PRISMA yöntemi esas alınarak sistematik bir literatür taraması yapılmıştır. Ulakbim TR Dizin arşivi ve Google Akademik kullanılarak ve "pozitif örgütsel davranış," "pozitif örgüt yazını," "pozitif örgüt araştırması," "pozitif örgüt kuramı," "örgütlerde pozitif davranış," "pozitif iş tutumları," "örgütlerde psikolojik sermaye," "psikolojik güçlülük," "psikolojik dayanıklılık," "örgütlerde pozitif psikoloji" anahtar sözcükleri ile yapılan tarama sonucunda toplamda 121 makale üzerinden içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Pozitif örgütsel davranış çalışmalarının 2000 yılından bugüne bir dökümünü ortaya koyan araştırma sonucunda alanın seyrine dair birtakım eleştirel çıkarımlar yapılmıştır. Buna göre tespit edilen sorunlar, 1) Yeterli kuramsal temel yoksunluğu ve kavramsallaştırma sorunları, 2) Metodik problemler, 3) Kanıt yetersizliği ve replikasyon zaafiyeti, 4) Düşük özgünlük seviyesi, 5) Neoliberal ideolojiye hizmet etme ve 6) Uygulamaya ve politikaya tercüme olmama şeklinde kategorize edilmiştir.
Observatory of Town and Biomimetics For Urban Modeling and Architectural Design of Scientific Space in Landscaped Site.
Authors: Abderrahmane* MAACHOU
Published: August 2024

Some modern  architectural designs face difficulties in completion  ,andthe  dificult and complexe shapes lead to an increase in the cost of the project. The irregular urban planning of town  creates an imbalance in the urban fabric and causes the functional problems. In this searches  using biomimetics , we practice the urban planning of scientific space through projects of scientific use  in several  branches in a pivotal urban area whose scientific space extends to the eastern suburb of Ouzera Town.
After a brief  presentation of an urban  observatory from  Ouzera Town that  enhances the scientifc project, the scientific spaces are disgnated for  the rapid exucution in scientific space. The architectural  design derived from  the   plants  and  biological structures facilitates  the urban  realization insuring easy practices and achieving and urban  form  through  landscape architecture that is consistent in ecologicaland landscaped area of  Ouzera  Terriory.
Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) Extract Gives Superior Effect than Beetroot Juice on Increasing HDL and Decreasing LDL and IL-6 in Dyslipidemic Rats Model
Authors: Riri Miftahul Jannah , Harioputro Dhani Redhono , Wardhani Lusi Oka
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND: Dyslipidemia derives from disturbances in lipid metabolism as an interaction between genetic and environmental factors, characterized by increased levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and decreased levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Continuous dyslipidemia will increase the risk of atherosclerosis. In dyslipidemia, macrophages release inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-12, IL-15, IL-18, and then induce T-cell infiltration formed atherosclerotic plaques. Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) which contains active compounds and antioxidant, such as flavonoids and betacyanin, has the ability to reduce dyslipidemia. This study evaluated effect of beetroot juice and beetroot extract on dyslipidemic rat models by evaluating the level of HDL, LDL and IL-6.METHODS: Fourty-two male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into seven groups. Rats were fed either with standard food or high fat diet (HFD) for 28 days, then different interventions using either single combination of simvastatin, beetroot juice, or beetroot extract were given alongside the standard food or HFD diet for another 28 days. LDL and HDL were measured pre- and post-intervention, while IL-6 was measured only post-treatment.RESULTS: Daily administration of a single beetroot juice or beetroot extract or in combination with simvastatin reduced LDL significantly compared to pre-intervention. The interventions also increased HDL significantly and lower IL-6 concentrations compared to group that received no intervention.CONCLUSION: Administration of beetroot juice and beetroot extract can lower LDL, increase HDL, and decrease IL-6 either alone or in combination treatment with simvastatin, it is indicated beetroot have a potential benefit for prevention and therapeutic in dyslipidemia.KEYWORDS: beetroot juice, beetroot extract, LDL, HDL, IL-6
Relationship Management in Sales – Presentation of a Model with Which Sales Employees Can Build Interpersonal Relationships with Customers
Authors: Barthelt Tobias
Published: August 2024

Abstract: Sales companies are asking themselves how they can generate success in the future despite constant change and new influences. An important factor is the development of relationships between sales staff and customers, which must be demanded and promoted by companies so that it can be applied in sales practice. This includes training and education, but also the implementation of tools such as guides or models.

This work examines the necessity and methods of interpersonal relationship building. It was found that relationship building is crucial for sales success. The identified factors for successful interpersonal relationship building can be summarized as follows: i) trust, liking and appreciation; ii) private contacts and bonding; and iii) liability and credibility.

However, it has been shown that there is a discrepancy between the importance of relationship building and its actual implementation in professional practice.

This paper presents a model based on the research findings and offers salespeople and companies concrete recommendations for action. Barthelt’s four-phase cycle model can improve sales activities and strengthen the interpersonal relationship between salespersons and customers. It provides practical guidance for the day-to-day work of salespeople and assists managers in promoting and implementing relationship building in daily practice specifically.

This work closes the research gap between theory and sales practice in interpersonal relationship building. It underlines its importance in a constantly changing and increasingly digitalized world.

JEL classification: M 20, O 30, Z 30
Use of Clevidipine as an Alternative to Nitroglycerin in Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Harville Kate , Jenschke, PhD, CRNA Monica
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Cardiac surgery requires periods of therapeutic hypotension. Anesthesia providers often administer intravenous (IV) nitroglycerin to accomplish these meticulous hemodynamic goals. However, patients occasionally manifest adverse responses to nitroglycerin such as decreased stroke volume (SV), decreased cardiac output (CO), decreased renal, splanchnic, cerebral perfusion, and tolerance. In these situations, an alternative medication is needed that is just as effective and safe for the patient. Clevidipine is currently the best choice for this because it has rapid onset and termination of action, and it has arterial specific effects. Multiple studies show that clevidipine is as effective and safe as nitroglycerin.
Submental Intubation for LeFort Type III Fracture
Authors: Bumatay Ashley Jane
Published: August 2024

Introduction: This case report describes the use of submental intubation for an open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) LeFort Type III fracture encountered at Methodist Dallas Medical Center operating room (OR). Other airway management options in maxillofacial fractures include nasotracheal intubation or tracheostomy, however, these options come with complications and may be contraindicated in certain cases.
Case description: This case involved a 51-year-old male who came in from an automobile vs pedestrian type accident who underwent an open reduction internal fixation of a LeFort Type III fracture with hip graft. The patient was intubated orally first for general anesthesia and then converted to submental intubation by the oral/maxillofacial surgeon to allow for surgical access.
Discussion: Submental intubation is an alternative airway route for oral/maxillofacial surgeries when nasotracheal intubation or tracheostomies are not indicated. While submental intubations are low-risk, low-cost, simpler, and faster, it still comes with its list of complications. These complications rates are low, minimal scarring is reported, and no special equipment is needed.
Conclusions: Submental intubation is the preferred airway route with oral/maxillofacial trauma when nasotracheal intubation or tracheostomy is not indicated. If there are no contraindications to submental intubation, it allows advantageous intraoperative airway access in patients requiring surgical fixation of oral/maxillofacial fractures.
Mobile Anesthesia Applications as Point-of-Care Tools for CRNAs in Clinical Practice
Authors: Strickland Bevin Rene , Strickland Daniel M
Published: August 2024

Background: The practice of anesthesia requires knowledge of procedures, patient conditions, comorbidities, and medications, as well as the ability to continually assess and respond to the patient’s status. The use of mobile anesthesia applications (apps) has become increasingly common among Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists (CRNAs) to provide immediate access to current information regarding anesthesia administration and to support optimal patient care.The purpose of this study was to assess the use of mobile anesthesia apps used by CRNAs as point-of-care (POC) tools in their anesthesia practice.Methodology: We report data collected from a survey designed to sample CRNAs who have been in practice for three years or less (“recent” graduates) and who utilize mobile anesthesia apps. The survey was offered to members of a Facebook group called CRNAs and SRNAs.Results: A total of 160 CRNAs in practice three years or less completed the survey and reported the ways they currently use a mobile anesthesia app. In this report we quantify the various ways such apps are used and conclude that mobile apps are widely used among student and/or recent graduate CRNAs as point-of-care tools and who believe they improve the safety and efficacy of their anesthesia practice.Conclusions: The benefits to practice that users report should be encouraging to the developers of mobile health care apps and a motivating factor for more practitioners to utilize them.
Urgensi Pendekatan Multi-Interdisiplin pada Kajian Hadis di Ma’had Aly
Authors: Indra Yahya Yuniar
Published: August 2024

Sivagowri Sivagurunathan, Rudhad Ilaina, Suud Sarim Karimullah, and Moh Mansur Abdul Haq mention that there are many cases that cannot be explained or resolved using only one disciplinary approach, including in the study of Islam. However, on the other hand, the multi-interdisciplinary approach in hadith studies at Ma'had Aly Tebuireng does not touch even one-third of its monodisciplinary studies. Through literature review and case study research on the final projects of Ma'had Aly Tebuireng students, the researchers sought to depict the condition of the hadith study climate at Ma'had Aly Tebuireng. The first finding is that the condition of hadith studies depicted in the research pattern of Ma'had Aly Hasyim Asy'ari Tebuireng is still predominantly monodisciplinary. Monodisciplinary studies account for about 70%. This is evidenced by the theses written from 2020 to 2023. On the other hand, the multi-interdisciplinary approach in hadith studies at Ma'had Aly Tebuireng is still below 10%. However, there are several approaches that can support hadith studies, such as hermeneutics, stylistics, and ethnography. This is the second finding of this research. Therefore, approaches beyond the discipline of hadith become an urgency in the study of hadith at Ma'had Aly Hasyim.
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ЧАРКОРУ ТА КАМЕТУРУ ДЛЯ ПОКРАЩЕННЯ ПРОЦЕСІВ РОСТУ ТА ФІТОРЕМЕДІАЦІЇ МІСКАНТУСУ ГІГАНТСЬКОГО НА ҐРУНТАХ, ЗАБРУДНЕНИХ МІКРОЕЛЕМЕНТАМИ
Authors: ПІДЛІСНЮК Валентина , ЦИГАНКОВА Вікторія , СТЕФАНОВСЬКА Тетяна , МЕДКОВ Артем , ПІЛЬО Степан , БРОВАРЕЦ Володимир
Published: August 2024

Досліджено вплив полікомпонентного біостимулятора Чаркор та синтетичного регулятора росту рослин Каметур на ріст міскантусу гігантського (Miscanthus× giganteus) на забруднених мікроелементами (МЕ) ґрунтах. При вирощуванні M×g на більш забрудненому ґрунті Всеборице Каметур сприяв збільшенню біомаси листя і стебла (57,1 і 126%, відповідно), тоді як Чаркор збільшував лише біомасу листя (49,5%) на забрудненому ґрунті. У ґрунті Хомутова Чаркор збільшував накопичення елементів, необхідних для розвитку рослин (ЕРР) та потенційно токсичних елементів (ПТЕ) у листках на 12,4 та 21,2% відповідно; Каметур призводив до значно більшого накопичення елементів обох груп у листках - на 93,1 та 69,5% відповідно. Накопичення в стеблах мало іншу тенденцію: Чаркор зменшував накопичення елементів ЕЕ і ПТЕ в стеблі на 33,3 і 11,4%, відповідно; Каметур зменшував накопичення ЕЕ на 11,4% і збільшував накопичення ПТЕ на 23,3% в стеблі. Отримані результати підтвердили перспективність використання Каметуру та Чаркору для покращення процесів росту та фіторемедіації Miscanthus× giganteus на ґрунтах, забруднених мікроелементами (МЕ).
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ФАКТОРІВ СТІЙКОСТІ СИРОВАТКОВИХ БІЛКІВ У СИСТЕМАХ ОЧИЩЕННЯ СТІЧНИХ ВОД МОЛОЧНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ
Authors: ЯЦКОВ Микола , КОРЧИК Наталія , БЕСЕДЮК Володимир , МАЛЕЦЬКИЙ Захар
Published: August 2024

В роботі досліджено зміни протолітичної дії в процесах дестабілізації/стабілізації сироваткових білків у системах очищення стічних вод молочних підриємств шляхом зміни концентрацій йонів стабілізаторів Са+2 та PO43-. Встановлено, що α-Лактоальбумін (α-La) є чутливим до високих концентрацій йонів Са+2, а βв- та βс-Лактоглобуліни (β-Lg) до присутності йонів PO43- загалом. Для забезпечення вилучення цільових фракцій α-La та β-Lg необхідно вилучати йони Са+2 та PO43- відповдіно. Отримані результати можливо використовувати для наступного дослідження процесів фракційного вилучення сироваткових білків у системах очищення стічних вод, з метою їх наступної утилізації у виробництві білкових продуктів та адитивів.
The antecedents of purchase intention of local brands: A systematic literature review
Authors: Septiani Emilia , Kerti Yasa Ni Nyoman , Ekawati Ni Wayan , Sukaatmadja I Putu Gde
Published: August 2024

This study reviews and summarizes empirical findings on the determinants of local brand purchase intentions over the past five years. It aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the literature for future researchers by using a systematic literature review approach to identify key influencing factors. A total of 34 empirical research articles from 2018 to 2022 were reviewed. The dominant theory applied was brand management, found in nine articles (26%), followed by social identity theory in four articles (11.8%), consumer behavior in three articles (8.9%), and country of origin in two articles (5.9%). Most studies focused on emerging or developing countries. The review identified six main theories used to explain local brand purchase intentions: brand management, consumer behavior, consumer culture positioning, country of origin, social identity, and the theory of reasoned action. The findings highlight a strong correlation between these theories and the likelihood of purchasing local brands, though results varied. Further research is needed to understand the complex interplay of these factors fully.
Differences in pronotum shape in Phlaeothripinae thrips (Thysanoptera) of quarantine importance
Authors: Smith-Pardo Allan H.
Published: August 2024

A geometric morphometrics (GMM) approach was applied to explore if pronotum shape can be used for genus-level identification in adult Phlaeothripinae. To do that, a multitude of digital images and illustrations of different genera of phytophagous phlaeothripine thrips were examined to compare their pronotum shape for genera that contain more than 20 species, which are known to feed on plants, as well as those that have been intercepted at U.S. ports of entry coming from other countries. Statistically significant differences in the pronotum shape were found between most of the examined genera, making GMM a viable tool for genus-level identification of adults of most species-rich, phytophagous genera of Phlaeothripinae.
Downregulation of UGT2B15 and UGT2B17 contributes to acquired androgen antagonist resistance in prostate cancer cells
Authors: Dart Dafydd Alwyn
Published: August 2024

Agents such as bicalutamide and enzalutamide are extremely useful for prostate cancer (PCa) therapy. Patients initially respond well to these, but with their prolonged use, patients will inevitably acquire resistance, limiting therapeutic options. Lymph node carcinoma of the prostate (LNCaP) cells are useful in investigating androgen receptor (AR) activity and modeling disease, as they express mutant AR and develop clinically representative resistance mechanisms beyond AR mutation. They have inherent bicalutamide and enzalutamide sensitivity but acquire resistance with prolonged exposure, which we investigated by growing LNCaP cells in 20 µM bicalutamide continuously until they grew normally and then analyzed differential gene expression for pathways that could help explain the adaptive response. Taxonomy analysis showed pathways involved in drug efflux, detoxification, and intratumoral steroid synthesis were upregulated. We also observed that enzymes involved in removing and metabolizing androgens by glucuronide conjugation were strongly downregulated with bicalutamide resistance, namely, the UDP-glucuronosyltransferases UGT2B15 and UGT2B17. Analyzing online datasets, we determined that UGT2B15 and UGT2B17 were downregulated in several studies of bicalutamide and enzalutamide resistance in LNCaP, vertebral cancer of the prostate (VCaP), and other cell lines. We show that these genes, previously linked to androgen independence, have an additional role in the acquired resistance to bicalutamide. We hypothesize that in addition to drug detoxification, androgen antagonist activity could be diminished due to increased competitiveness from higher levels of intracellular androgens, due to increased biosynthesis and decreased androgen metabolism. Downregulation of UGT2B15 and UGT2B17 may, therefore, lead to androgen salvage and contribute to acquired androgen antagonist resistance in PCa cells.
Decision Making in Paths of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles
Authors: Ukpai Ibem Ugochi , Nwaoha Thaddeus Chidiebere
Published: August 2024

Autonomous underwater vehicles are not easily programmable such as autonomous vehicles. This is because route and motion planning for autonomous vehicles depend on a global map that considers the road's smoothness and traffic regulations in real time. However, this is not the case for underwater vehicles as we have to consider the external factors such as wind and tide that may pull autonomous underwater vehicles outside their route and affect the course of travel. This is where decision-making is important for autonomous underwater vehicles. An example is the avoidance of the loss of subsea vehicles as they can dynamically make routing decisions and return to their destinations.This paper exposes the decision-making process for autonomous underwater vehicles. Firstly, an analysis of internal factors such as buoyancy and the overall of the vehicle, and how they affect motion are conducted—secondly, the implementation of a design process that deals with the stages of motion and route planning. Finally, a survey is conducted on already implemented research for algorithms, to incorporate external factors for high-level decision-making.
Measurement and Modeling of SDC Memristors: Extensive Study
Authors: Bednarz Karol Stanisław , Garda Bartłomiej
Published: August 2024

This study systematically addresses the challenge of accurately modeling memristors, focusing on four distinct types doped with tungsten, tin, chromium, and carbon, fabricated by Known Inc. A comprehensive characterization was performed by subjecting the devices to sinusoidal excitations with varying frequencies and amplitudes, followed by data averaging and high-frequency filtering. The resulting measurements were fitted using three prominent memristor models: VTEAM, MMS, and Yakopcic, with additional bespoke modifications assessed. These models, typically formulated as coupled algebraic-differential equations integrating electrical quantities (voltage and current) with internal state variables governing device dynamics, were optimized using two robust approaches: (1) interior-point optimization with gradient-based search, and (2) Nelder-Mead gradient-free optimization, both with box constraints applied. A thorough comparison and discussion of the optimized model parameters ensued, accompanied by an examination of sensitivity to diverse frequency and amplitude ranges. The findings inform conclusions and provide a foundation for future refinements, underscoring the importance of multi-model evaluation and advanced optimization strategies in precise memristor modeling. The presented methodology offers a valuable framework for elucidating optimal modeling paradigms tailored to specific memristor architectures and operating regimes, ultimately enhancing their integration in emerging neuromorphic and computational applications.
The Sentinel Sleep Theory: The Biological Function of REM Sleep Unveiled
Authors: Spinassi Raffael
Published: August 2024

The biological function of rapid eye movement (or REM) sleep—one of the great mysteries of neuroscience—remains unknown. Here, I demonstrate that the biological function of REM sleep is to heighten brain alertness, significantly reducing the high vulnerability of deep sleep. Every organism with a nervous system must undergo deep sleep: a necessity that comes with substantial vulnerability. Deep sleep, by lowering alertness, compromises the organism's safety, putting its survival at risk. Therefore, REM sleep is a necessary adaptation for any organism that must sleep. My primary goal here is to present a comprehensive conceptual framework—supported by extensive empirical evidence—to connect numerous disparate empirical findings under a unified theory of the biological function of REM sleep. Additionally, I also provide a historical narrative to explain its origin and subsequent evolution. The theory I developed to explain the function of REM sleep is not only widely corroborated but has also resisted numerous attempts at refutation. This allows me to claim that I solved this great enigma of neuroscience.
UUV-Assisted Icebreaking Application in Polar Environments Using GA-SPSO
Authors: Pan Wei , Wang Yang , Song Fei , Peng Likun , Zhang Xiaofeng
Published: August 2024

This paper addresses the challenges faced by icebreakers in polar environments, particularly the difficulty in sensing underwater ice formations when navigating through thick ice layers, which often results in suboptimal icebreaking effectiveness. To overcome these challenges, this paper introduces a novel underwater robot equipped with both sensing and ice-breaking capabilities. We propose a path planning method for icebreaking that leverages the synergistic capabilities of the Safe Particle Swarm Optimization and Genetic Algorithm (GA-SPSO). The GA-SPSO algorithm integrates the global search prowess of the particle swarm optimization with the local optimization strength of the genetic algorithm, enabling efficient and adaptive path planning in complex ice environments. The underwater unmanned vehicle (UUV)-assisted icebreaking approach developed here utilizes the UUV's flexibility and high-precision environmental sensing to provide real-time optimization suggestions for icebreaker navigation paths. Simulation results demonstrate that the GA-SPSO algorithm not only effectively circumvents hazardous areas but also significantly reduces the energy consumption and operational time of icebreakers, thereby enhancing the safety and stability of navigation. When compared to the conventional Safe Particle Swarm Optimization (SPSO), our approach shows marked improvements in path length, convergence speed, and obstacle avoidance capabilities, significantly enhancing the success and efficiency of polar navigation missions.
Otolith Microchemistry Reveals the Diversity of Migration Patterns and Spawning Grounds Distribution of Coilia nasus from the Yangtze River Estuary
Authors: Song Chao , Yu Wenjie , Zhao Feng , Xie Jilin , Li Feipeng , Liu Ruohui , Zhuang Ping
Published: August 2024

Coilia nasus is an important fish resource in the Yangtze River, and the Yangtze River Estuary is a crucial migration pathway for it. In this study, we used otolith microchemistry to analyze the strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) ratios and Sr contents in the sagitta otolith of C. nasus from the south branch (SB) and north branch (NB) of the Yangtze River Estuary, and obtained the diversity of migration patterns and spawning grounds distribution for C. nasus. The results indicate that C. nasus from both branches include two types of habitat history: freshwater (F)-brackish water (B) (Type I) and F-B-seawater (S) (Type II), with Type I being dominant at 62.50% in both branches. The C. nasus from SB comprises six migration patterns, while that from NB has seven migration patterns. The C. nasus from both branches hatch in F habitats. At the time of capture, the C. nasus from SB predominantly remain in F, accounting for 62.5%, while C. nasus from NB primarily stay in B, accounting for 87.5%. Throughout the migration process, C. nasus from both branches switch between different habitats, with C. nasus from NB exhibiting more frequent transitions between F and B, showing a greater reliance on the estuarine brackish habitat. The radius of the first blue region near the core (Lf) and freshwater coefficient (Fc) of otolith for C. nasus from both branches are divided into three groups: Long-distance freshwater dependence (LD), medium-distance freshwater-dependent (MD), and short-distance freshwater dependence (SD), with the LD only appearing in the SB, while the NB is primarily represented by the MD. There is a correlation between the differences in Lf among different groups of C. nasus and the differences in the distance from the spawning grounds of C. nasus in different sections of the Yangtze River to the Estuary (DYRE), reflecting the distribution pattern of C. nasus spawning grounds in different sections of the Yangtze River. This study provides theoretical guidance for the protection of migration pathway and maintenance of spawning grounds for C. nasus, which has significant practical value in the precise management of C. nasus resources in the Yangtze River Estuary.
Is Short-Read 16S rRNA Sequencing of Oral Microbiome Sampling a Suitable Diagnostic Tool for Head and Neck Cancer?
Authors: Yeo Kenny , Wu Fangmeinuo , Li Runhao , Smith Eric , Wormald Peter-John , Valentine Rowan , Psaltis Alkis , Vreugde Sarah , Fenix Kevin
Published: August 2024

The oral microbiome, studied by sampling the saliva or oral rinse, has been long thought to have diagnostic capacity for head and neck cancers (HNC). However, previous reports on the HNC oral microbiome provide inconsistent results. The aim of this study is to consolidate these datasets and determine the oral microbial composition between HNC patients to healthy and premalignant individuals. We analyzed 16 published head and neck cancer (HNC) short-read 16S rRNA sequencing datasets, specifically targeting the V3V4, V4 and V4V5 regions. These datasets included saliva and oral rinse samples from donors with HNC, as well as from healthy and premalignant donors. Differences in diversities and microbial abundance were determined. HNC saliva displayed lower alpha diversity than healthy donors. In contrast, the opposite trend was observed for oral rinse samples. Beta diversity were largely similar across different patient types. Similar oral phyla were detected for all samples, but proportions were largely dependent on sample type (i.e. saliva or oral rinse) and primer set utilised for 16S rRNA sequencing. Neisseria, Leptotrichia and Megasphaera were elevated in healthy saliva, while Mycoplasma was elevated in HNC saliva. Oral rinse and saliva displayed similar enrichment for Fusobacterium, while Veillonella, Alloprevotella, and Campylobacter had conflicting results. The sparse partial least squares discriminant analysis model performed effectively in discriminating HNC from healthy or premalignant patients using V3V4 saliva (AUC = 0.888), and V3V4 oral rinse (AUC = 0.928), while poor discriminative capacity was observed for V4 saliva (AUC = 0.688). In conclusion, our meta-analysis highlighted the limitations of 16S rRNA sequencing, particularly due to variations across study batches, primer sets (i.e. V3V4, V4), and sample types. Hence, caution should be exercised when interpreting 16S rRNA sequencing results across studies, especially when different primer sets and sample types are used.
Dynamic Computation of an Innovative Device for Reducing the Reaction Torque
Authors: Timofte Stelica , Korka Zoltan- Iosif , Gerocs Attila , Komjaty Andrei , Bulzan Florin
Published: August 2024

As well known, the torque produced by a rotating motor generates an opposite and equal reaction torque in the machine casing that must be transmitted to the base. In many applications, especially when the reaction moment has high values, it is necessary to apply some constructive solutions, which in certain cases are difficult to implement. In this context, the need to reduce the reaction moment from drive motors is a challenging topic, which has not been completely exhausted. In this paper, the authors present an original concept of a device which uses the centrifugal force generated by some equidistantly placed weights on a chain drive, for reducing the reaction torque of the motor used for driving a rotating tool. The proposed system is capable to produce a supplementary torque which can be added to driving moment. Due to this fact, by using this system, the power of the driving motor can be decreased, with the consequence of reducing the reaction moment, that must be absorbed by the base.
Association of Swimming and Photobiomodulation to Alleviate Nociceptive and Motor Behavior in Rats with Neuropathic Pain
Authors: Araujo Luara Caniato , Rocha-Braga Lara Caetano , Ciena Adriano Polican , Chacur Marucia
Published: August 2024

Several studies have shown that non-pharmacologic treatments such as photobiomodulation (PBMT) and swimming (SW) have been increasingly used as adjuncts to clinical practice. The aim of this work is to evaluate whether SW associated or not with PBMT has its effects potentialized on different kind of pain and motor aspects in a model of chronic constriction injury and if the treatments have any improvement on morphometry of the skeletal striated muscle. Our results have demonstrated a beneficial effect on pain and motor response for animals treated with the therapies isolated, and an even better response when we associate them. Regarding muscle tissue, we observed an improvement in inflammatory cells quantification and on the collagen expression on the muscle after each isolated treatment or in combination. These findings contribute to enhancing for individuals suffering from neuropathic pain conditions, offering a promising avenue for integrated care approaches that prioritize both symptom alleviation and functional recovery. Such insights are crucial for advancing treatment strategies in pain management since the currently available treatments are not completely effective to treat all the pain and also promotes several side effects on the patients’ health.
The Role of Macrophages in Airway Disease Focusing on Porcine Reproductive Respiratory Syndrome Virus and the Potential Therapeutic Effects of Nanomaterial Treatment on Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging
Authors: Choi Kyuhyung
Published: August 2024

Lung macrophage cells play a critical role in various lung disease, and their state can change depending on the progression of the disease by inducing either an inflammatory or anti-inflammatory state. In this review, we investigate the potential therapeutic effects of treatment with antioxidant nanoparticles in airway disease focusing on porcine reproductive and respiratory virus (PRRSV), considering Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) as one of the factors that regulate M1 and M2 macrophages in the inflammatory and anti-inflammatory states, respectively. In addition, we examine the status of protein structure research on CD163 (one of the markers of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages) in human and veterinary lung diseases and suggest directions for future applicable research areas.
HPV Vaccine Uptake in Tennessee: Implications for Improving HPV Vaccine Coverage with the Inclusion of Mid-adults
Authors: Alcendor Donald J. , Tabatabai Mohammad , Juarez Patricia Matthews- , Wilus Derek , Hildreth James E.K. , Juarez Paul D.
Published: August 2024

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the US and the world. Infection with high-risk oncogenic HPV strains have been shown to induce cellular transformation leading to anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers. The HPV vaccine first developed in 2006 for females aged 9-26 years has been demonstrated to be safe and effective in preventing 90% of all HPV associated cancers. However, vaccine hesitancy, misinformation, and barriers to vaccine access has resulted in suboptimal vaccination rates among adolescent populations, especially in rural communities in the South. HPV vaccine coverage in Tennessee is currently below the national average and below the Healthy People 2030 goal of an 80% vaccination rate for individuals 13-17 years old based on recommendation guidelines for up-to-date HPV vaccination status as of 2022. HPV vaccination rates for Tennesseans with private insurance in 2022 was 68% and 38% for those that were insured. Up-to-date HPV vaccination rates for Tennesseans living in urban communities was 58% in 2022 and 46% for those living in rural communities. Overall, HPV associated cancers rates are higher in Tennessee at 12.9/100,000 compared to the overall rate in the US of 11.8/100,000 persons in 2022. Interventions to improve HPV vaccine awareness, education, and access could improve vaccine confidence and uptake especially among rural and uninsured populations in Tennessee. Most recently, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) has expanded recommendations for the HPV vaccinations for some individuals 27-45 years who were not vaccinated at a younger age with shared clinical decision-making. The impact of this recommendation on Tennesseans should be examined.
Evaluation of the Burden of Musculoskeletal Disorders in Korean Workers Using the Job-Exposure Matrix
Authors: Lee Eun-Soo , Kim Myong-Hwan , Kang Dongmug , Kim Se-Yeong , Kim Youngki
Published: August 2024

Background: This study attempted to construct musculoskeletal JEM using KWCS data and use it to evaluate the burden of these disorders in Korean workers. Methods: This study was conducted using data from the second to the sixth KWCS, and a total of 210,500 people were included. The jobs of the subjects were reclassified based on the unit groups of the 7th Korean Standard Classification of Occupation (KSCO). The intensity of exposure to work-related risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders was classified into ‘high’, ‘moderate’, and ‘low’ for the body segments involving the ‘upper extremities and neck’, ‘lower back’, and ‘lower extremities’. Results: The time of exposure was longest in the standing posture and repetitive hand and arm movements. An analysis of the intensity of exposure by body segments revealed that the highest intensity of exposure was to the upper extremities. For the upper extremities and neck, and the lower back, there was a exposure-response relationship in the association between intensity of exposure and musculoskeletal symptoms. However, for the lower extremities, there was a exposure-response relationship only at high exposure. Conclusion: In this study, a JEM for work-related risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders was constructed for the first time in Korea. The intensity of exposure to musculoskeletal risk factors was estimated for each occupation. The JEM constructed in this study is expected to have high applicability for assessing the risk of musculoskeletal disorders for each job with respect to the upper extremities and neck, and lower back.
A New Educational Reality: Active Methodologies Empowered by Generative AI
Authors: Ferreira Thiago Maciel
Published: August 2024

The article explores the integration of generative artificial intelligence with active methodologies in modern education, highlighting how this combination can transform pedagogical practices and promote more personalized and effective learning. The study investigates the application of tools such as ChatGPT , which enhance the personalization of teaching, providing immediate feedback and adjusting content to students' individual needs. The research is structured into three chapters: the first addresses practical strategies for applying these methodologies with AI, the second evaluates their effectiveness in learning and the third presents practical examples of integration. Adapting teaching through AI was a central element in developing a more efficient learning environment aligned with the specific needs of each student. The results point to a significant increase in student engagement, understanding and retention of content, although they highlight the need for careful and ethical implementation to avoid challenges such as superficiality in learning and data privacy issues. It is concluded that the integration of generative AI with active methodologies can significantly transform the educational environment, but must be carried out in a balanced and responsible way, complementing traditional pedagogical practices and ensuring the comprehensive training of students.