bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Prehabilitation on the Self-Reported Outcomes of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review
Authors: Yalfani Ali , Ebrahimi Atri Ahmad , Taghizadeh Kerman Maedeh
Published: April 2021

Background and Purpose: Quadriceps weakness and disruption of proprioceptive function are common after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and consequently the surgery. Postoperative self-reported outcomes are affected by the preoperative defect. The purpose of this review study was to examine whether preoperative exercises can affect self-reported outcomes.
Methods: The study started searching for papers from the PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane, and Web of Sciences databases and extracted the entered studies from 1990 to 2020. Moreover, the terms “ACL preoperative exercise” or “prehabilitation ACL” and “self-reported outcomes” or “postoperative outcomes” were used in the search titles, where 906 papers were finally found. Then, according to the main topic of the present study, and the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 10 papers met the inclusion criteria of the review. The methodological quality of the studies was also assessed through the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) and Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP).
Results: The presentation of several preoperative intervention programs (traditional, strength, and neuromuscular training) significantly enhanced self-reported knee function in men and women after surgery in the short and long-term. The mean PEDro score for seven randomized controlled trial studies was found to be 6.3, which showed the moderate quality of the methodology. Moreover, the score for three cohort studies using the CASP scale was 7 out of 12.
Conclusion: Preoperative rehabilitation consisting of progressive strengthening and neuromuscular training, followed by a criterion-based postoperative rehabilitation program, had greater functional outcomes after Anterior Cruciate ligament reconstruction. Preoperative rehabilitation should be considered as an addition to the standard of care to maximize functional outcomes after ACLR.
Early Results of the Persian Registry of Cardiovascular Disease/Congenital Heart Disease (PROVE/CHD) in Isfahan
Authors: Ahmadi Ali Reza , Sabri Mohammad Reza , Navabi Zohreh Sadat , Ghaderian Mehdi , Dehghan Bahar , Mahdavi Chehreh , Khodarahmi Somaieh
Published: April 2021

Background: In 2016, a prospective registry for pediatric patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) was established in Isfahan, Iran. Data on pediatric CHD in Iran are scant; accordingly, we aimed to report the early results of the Persian Registry Of cardioVascular diseasE (PROVE/CHD) Registry in Isfahan.
Methods: All patients with CHD and associated defects diagnosed by pediatric cardiologists were assessed via echocardiography for inclusion in the present study between late 2016 and August 2019. The participants’ sociodemographic characteristics, maternal history, birth history, medical history, current clinical presentations in the clinic or hospital, paraclinical data, cardiac diagnoses based on the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10), disease management plans, and medications were entered into a questionnaire by the subjects’ parents/legal custodians and physicians and then transferred to the PROVE/CHD Registry.
Results: The PROVE/CHD registry encompasses 1252 patients with CHD (49.9% male) at a mean age of 6.50±6.36 years. The most frequent cardiac diagnoses were ventricular septal defect (39.3%), atrial septal defect (29.7%), patent ductus arteriosus (25.4%), pulmonary stenosis (11.0%), tetralogy of Fallot (6.1%), coarctation of the aorta (5.4%), and aortic stenosis (5.1%), respectively. The most frequent interventions were patent ductus arteriosus closure (4.3%), atrial septal defect closure (3.6%), pulmonary valvuloplasty (2.2%), coarctation of the aorta angioplasty (1.9%), and ventricular septal defect closure (1.1%), correspondingly. The approximate corresponding rates of corrective and palliative surgeries were 32.0% and 13.1%. The corrective surgeries were mainly comprised of ventricular septal defect closure (7.8%), patent ductus arteriosus closure (7.3%), atrial septal defect closure (5.1%), and tetralogy of Fallot repair (3.8%), respectively. The palliative surgeries mainly consisted of the Glenn shunt (9.0%) and pulmonary artery banding (3.6%).
Conclusion: The PROVE/CHD Registry collects data on pediatric patients with CHD. The results of this registry can provide epidemiological data and a set of homogeneously defined cases for further studies.
Asymptomatic Giant Aneurysm of the Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Bjelobrk Marija , Dodic Slobodan , Dodic Slobodan , Miljkovic Tatjana , Samardzija Golub , Bjeljac Ilija , Dabovic Dragana , Dodic Biljana , Rosic Milenko , Kovacevic Mila , Redzek Aleksandar , Fabri Miklos
Published: April 2021

The most common cause of coronary artery aneurysms is atherosclerosis, which is associated with over 50% of all aneurysms diagnosed in adults. Although patients can be asymptomatic throughout their lives, giant coronary artery aneurysms can manifest themselves as myocardial infarction, aneurysmal rupture, and sudden cardiac death as well. Herein, we describe an asymptomatic patient with numerous risk factors and a positive cardiopulmonary exercise test who was admitted to the cardiology clinic for coronary angiography. A giant coronary artery aneurysm (3.0×2.0 cm in diameter) in the left anterior descending coronary artery and significant stenosis in both left and right coronary arteries were found. After discussing possible treatment options, the hospital’s heart team recommended the surgical resection of the aneurysm and double coronary artery bypass graft. Four years after the cardiac surgery, at the time of writing the current manuscript, the patient is still in good condition and with no symptoms.
Embryology and Heart in Persian Medicine
Authors: Asadi Mohammad Hossein , Changizi-Ashtiyani Saeed
Published: April 2021

The article's abstract is not available.
What is Important in Patients with COVID-19 Associated with Myocardial Infarction?
Authors: Naghshtabrizi Behshad , Bashirian Saeed , Shirafkan Naghmeh , Naghshtabrizi Nima , Mehri Fereshteh
Published: April 2021

The article's abstract is not available.
The relationship between environmental sanitation of family and stunting among underfive children: A cross-sectional study in the public health center of Jember, Indonesia
Authors: Ainy Fitri Nur , Susanto Tantut , Susumaningrum Latifa Aini
Published: April 2021

Background & Aim: Unhealthy environmental sanitation contributes to stunting among under-five children that correlated several factors, such as the house components, sanitation facilities, and behavior of poor food sanitation hygiene. This study aims to identify the relationship between family and stunting's environmental sanitation among under-five children in the Public Health Center in Indonesia.
Methods & Materials: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 393 families with under-five children in the public health center of Panti of Jember district, East Java of Indonesia, using consecutive sampling from December 2019 to January 2020. A selfadministered questionnaire was used to measure participants’ characteristics and environmental sanitation. A Chi-square test was used to analyze the data.
Results: Among 67.2% of families were unhealthy environmental sanitation. Meanwhile, children who suffer from stunting were 56.2%. There was a significant correlation between environmental sanitation of family and stunting among under-five children (χ2=38,440; p <0,001), The environmental sanitation of family had 0.254 times for a chance of stunting among under-five children (OR= 0.254; 95% CI= 0.163-0.397).
Conclusions: The family’s unhealthy environmental sanitation of family is a relationship with stunting among under-five children. Improving healthy environmental sanitation should be maintained by involving the family to fulfill under-five children’s nutrition requirement based on height for age.
The effect of drug dosage calculation training program on math anxiety and nursing students’ skills: A non-randomized trial study
Authors: Sayadi Leila , Nikbakht Nasrabadi Alireza , Hosseini Amin
Published: April 2021

Background & Aim: Drug dosage calculation is one of the main skills in the drug administration process that requires sufficient knowledge about mathematical calculations and drug dosage; besides, lack of math anxiety is required for drug dosage calculation. This study aimed to determine the effect of mathematical calculation and drug dosage training programs on math anxiety and nursing students’ drug dosage calculation skills.
Background & Aim: Drug dosage calculation is one of the main skills in the drug administration process that requires sufficient knowledge about mathematical calculations and drug dosage; besides, lack of math anxiety is required for drug dosage calculation. This study aimed to determine the effect of mathematical calculation and drug dosage training programs on math anxiety and nursing students’ drug dosage calculation skills.
Results: The two groups were homogeneous in terms of demographic variables, math anxiety, and drug calculation scores in the baseline. Two-way analysis of variance with repeated measures indicated the significant effect of the group on math anxiety (P=0.024). Given the interaction between group effect and time for the drug dosage calculations, comparing the differences between the second- and third-time scores of the baseline scores showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of drug dosage calculations (P <0.001).
Conclusion: Implementation of a drug dosage calculation training program for nursing students can lead to the reduction of math anxiety and improvement of the drug dosage calculations; this can ultimately help improve patient safety.
COVID-19: Natural Products and Traditional Medicines; Opportunity or Threat?
Authors: Zargaran Arman , Karimi Mehrdad , Rezaeizadeh Hossein
Published: April 2021

The article's abstract is not available.
90-Days Repeated Dose Oral Toxicity Study of Sharbat-e-Deenar (A Hepatoprotective Unani Herbal Formulation)
Authors: Husain Gulam Mohammed , Ahmad Tasleem , Fatima Syeda Hajra , Javed Ghazala , Kazmi Munawwar Husain , Urooj Mohd
Published: April 2021

Sharbat-e-Deenar (SDR) is a compound Unani pharmacopoeial formulation recommended for the treatment of Waram-e-Kabid (hepatitis), Waram-e-Rahem (uterine inflammation/ Pelvic Inflammatory Diseases), Yarqan-e-Suddi (obstructive jaundice), and Istisqa (ascites). The current study was carried out to investigate repeated dose oral toxicity study of SDR for 90 days in Sprague dawley (SD) rats. SDR was orally administered (gavage) at the doses of 4, 10 and 20 mL/kg bw/day. A periodic observation was performed for mortality, morbidity and any clinical sign of toxicity. Changes in body weight and feed consumption were observed weekly throughout study duration. After the treatment duration of three months, animals were anaesthetized and blood samples were subjected to haematological investigation and serum was subjected to different biochemical estimation. Gross necropsy was performed and internal organs/ tissues were processed for histopathological investigation. Treatment with SDR showed no incidence of mortality and no clinical sign of systemic toxicity. Body weight showed pattern of weight gain except significance decrease at mid and high dose at 13th week of study duration. Feed consumption exhibited a significant decrease as compare to control. Haematology and biochemistry profile found normal except certain isolated changes which was considered toxicologically not significant as the values lies in the normal physiological range. There were no changes observed in the gross necropsy and relative organ weight data of control and SDR treated rats. It is reported that few of the animals showed changes in liver at mid (2.5 times of therapeutic equivalent dose) and high dose (5 times of therapeutic equivalent dose) in SDR treated animals that may be attributed to SDR treatment, however, associated liver function parameters like ALT, AST and ALP did not show any alteration of liver function. Based on the results of this study, it may be indicated that liver may be the target organ for toxicity if SDR is used above recommended therapeutic dose for longer duration.
Assessment of Complications Caused by the Prescription-Free Consumption of Herbal Medicine with the Purpose of Weight Gain: A Case Report
Authors: Niknafs Alireza , Alimoradian Abbas , Salehi Mehdi
Published: April 2021

In recent years, the common belief that herbal medications cause no side effects, have led to an increase in the consumption of these medications without prescription. Ginseng is one of the most commonly used herbs in the world and is a native of Eastern Asian countries such as China and Korea. It is also known to have several medicinal purposes. However, unreasonable use of this herb can bear consequences. In the current article, 28-year-old woman has consumed 4 capsules each day, which contained Ginseng roots, Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) extract, and Ziziphora (Ziziphora capitate) extract without a prescription to gain weight, which has resulted in serious side effects - including hepatotoxicity, psychologic, and gynecologic disorders. However, these symptoms were controlled with Chicory roots, Purslane and Jujube oxymel. PM focuses on the cooperation between food categories, nutritional instructions, food modulators, and medications. Regardless of their several therapeutic effects, medical herbs have been known to cause quite serious side effects if consumed unsystematically and without the surveillance of a doctor
The Effect of Consuming Food Allergens on Immune System Function with the Focus on Infectious Lung Diseases (COVID-19)
Authors: Kamalinejad Mohammad , Nabimeybodi Razieh , Zareshahi Rahele , Nabimeybodi Naeeme
Published: April 2021

The pandemics of respiratory diseases are the most common ones comparing to other diseases. The latest pandemic is caused by COVID-19, for which no definitive cure has been found. Therefore, at present, strengthening the immune system is the only way to protect humans against this virus. Food is one of the factors assisting the immune system to function properly. Moreover, food plays an important role in strengthening the immune system against various pathogens. However, many popular sources of human food, including legumes, eggs, and nuts, contain anti-nutritional factors that can adversely affect the human immune system and increase inflammatory factors such as interleukin 4 and interleukin 6. A cytokine storm and increased secretion of interleukin 4 and 6 are among the most frequent causes of death in COVID-19 patients. Consequently, taking the COVID-19 patient’s diets into account by considering the foods influencing their immune system can greatly reduce the disease’s severity and mortality rate.
Determination of perceived language barriers according to Syrian refugees visiting two hospitals in Ankara
Authors: ABOHALAKA Reshed , TEKELİ YEŞİL Sıdıka
Published: April 2021

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine perceived language barriers in accessing healthcare services according to Syrian refugees and the methods they used to cope with this problem. Methods: The study was a descriptive study. A survey was carried out among Syrian adults visiting two hospitals in Ankara. Results: Of the 221 participants, 11.1% stated that they speak Turkish, 48.5% of them used hospital interpreters while 20.6%, 17.6% and 13.2% of them did not get any help, used ad hoc interpreters and used a private interpreter respectively. Employment status and having social relationships with locals had statistically significant relationships with learning the Turkish language. The language barrier was more common, among participants, who were married, unemployed, illiterate, had no Turkish-speaking relatives or had diseases. Gender, economic status, having Turkish-speaking relatives and having diseases were variables showing association with the method they used to cope with the language barrier. Conclusion: More disadvantaged refugees in terms of socio-economic factors should be prioritized in policies and projects aiming to reduce language barrier in accessing health services. Additionally, supporting refugees regarding employment and social relationships with locals would contribute to eliminate language barrier in accessing healthcare services.
El aliento de la vida
Authors:   William Alanson White Institute, Buechler Sandra
Published: April 2021

In today's cruel times, human beings struggle to breathe for avoidable and unavoidable reasons. Some are victims of racial hatred and police brutality. Some have been struck down by COVID 19 and die an agonizing, lonely, labored death. I am asking whether some might be spared the horror of helplessly fighting for that most elemental necessity, the breath of life. And, maybe, some of their partners might be spared the unbearable memory of being asked "Why won't you help me?"
El Rey Lear y los desafíos de la jubilación
Authors:   William Alanson White Institute, Buechler Sandra
Published: April 2021

Shakespeare's great play, "King Lear" traces the downfall of a man who retired without sufficient insight into the impact of his decision. The author uses the play to frame questions about the course of her own retirement from psychoanalytic practice, on May 31, 2019. How might the decision to retire change the analyst's sense of her own identity, and her patients' perceptions of who she really is? What are some of the challenges of living in retirement, without the structure and purpose an analytic practice provides?
The Oglakhty-Tom Petroglyphs of the Lower Tom Rock Art Complex
Authors: Kovtun I. V.
Published: April 2021

The present research featured the cultural and chronological context of the Oglakhty-Tom petroglyphs found in the lower valley of the Tom river. The author compiled a complete list of geometric petroglyphs of South Siberia, as well as a series of representational parallels that can help to date geometric zoomorph characters carved by the Bronze Age peoples of West Siberia. The author also illustrated some representational parallels for geometric petroglyphs from the early Andronian period found in the Vasyugan complex and the Lugavskoye burial mound in the Middle Yenisei. The paper introduces some results of carbon dating for these petroglyphs. The author detected some new archaeologic and petroglyphic complexes in the Lower Tom that go back to the epoch between Early Andronian time and the Bronze Age. He established the connection between the geometric petroglyphs and the Early Andronian complex in the Lower Tom, while the Minor Tuva-Altai petroglyphs proved to be as old as the Early Seyma-Turbino period. The paper contains palimpsests and ritual assemblages that prove that Oglakhty-Tom and Late Angara petroglyphs once co-existed. The author believes that the geometric petroglyphs and the realistic Late Angara petroglyphs date back to the same Early Andronian communities. The research also traces back various sources of these art traditions.
Projective Indicators of Emotional Destabilization in Children in the Practice of Psychological and Pedagogical Expertise
Authors: Admakina Т. A.
Published: April 2021

Psychological and pedagogical expertise is part of divorce proceedings. It is intended to resolve custody disputes and diagnose the emotional status of the child by various projective methods. The research objective was to identify effective projective referents of emotional instability and conflict in 63 children going through a custody trial. The control group included 56 children. The subjects were asked to draw a non-existent animal with crayons. The parameters evaluated on a dichotomous scale included: crosshatching, sketching, erasing and correcting, strong pressure, wounds or scars on the animal's body, weak legs, two or more heads, brightness and polychromy. The φ*-Fischer angular transformation criterion was used to compare the frequency in two independent samples and to assess the reliability of the differences. If the imaginary creature had two heads, it was a sign with a high differentiating power, which indicated an internal conflict and emotional contradiction in the child and, as a result, psychological instability. The polychromic pattern also proved different: the children in the experimental group appeared less likely to use color, which may indicate their low energy tone and depressed emotional state. Imaginary creatures on weak legs also proved more common in the experimental group, suggesting the children were going through an unbalanced state. Other parameters were quite rare in both groups.
Emotional Competencies as Part of the Parameter Structure of Psychological Health in High School Students with Different Virtual Communication Engagement Rates
Authors: Belasheva I. V. , Shumakova S. V.
Published: April 2021

The research featured inter- and intrapersonal emotional competencies as parameters of the psychological health in high school students with different virtual communication engagement rates. The psychological health parameters included neuropsychiatric stability, self-adjustment parameters, volitional qualities, self-attitude, self-perception, moral self-esteem, life-purpose orientations, and positive social adaptation. The authors studied the intrasystem interactions between these parameters and the inter- and intrapersonal emotional competencies. The high level of cybercommunicative addiction appeared to be connected with poor volitional qualities, self-regulation, and life-sense orientations. Immature inter- and intrapersonal emotional competencies, e.g. empathy, expression control, etc., indicated cybercommunicative addiction in high school students. Therefore, inter- and intrapersonal emotional competencies cam be reliable diagnostic tools in this sphere.
Activity Monitoring in the Digital Learning Environment of a Modern University: Technological Tasks of Psychological Support
Authors: Bredun E. V. , Vaulina Т. A. , Shamakov V. A. , Shcheglova E. A.
Published: April 2021

The paper reviews the existing approaches to using digital footprints in the digital learning environment. Monitoring digital footprints of university students can help to design smart learning environment and predict models of interaction between this environment and the user. The article covers the main analysis tools that can be applied to activity monitoring in LMS Moodle, including datasets as a convenient resource for distant learning. The authors studied authentication techniques that are based not on one’s knowledge but on the confirmation of one’s digital profile. The research results revealed some personal styles and patterns of cognitive behavior that reflect students’ work in the digital learning environment. The research results can be used to develop new psychological support of activity monitoring of the digital university environment, as well as to create new effective cognitive user-friendly interfaces.
Concept as a Linguacultural Unit in Cognitive Linguistics: Conceptual Framework Ғailә (Family) in the Bashkir Language
Authors: Gimasheva G. M.
Published: April 2021

This article considers the concept as a linguacultural unit in cognitive linguistics. The research objective was to identify cultural and linguistic universals in the Bashkir language, as well as to reveal its national specificity. The paper gives a review of Russian and Bashkir publications about concepts in the language: definitions, classification, keywords as mental symbols, etc. Bashkir cognitive linguistics studies concepts on the basis of their linguistic and cultural features. The author used the methods of analysis and description in their linguistic and cultural aspects. Studies of the Bashkir national linguistic world view can reveal the national character and ancient linguistic values that are passed from generation to generation. The Bashkir linguistic world view is diverse and rich: the legends, traditions, proverbs, tales, epics, songs, poetry, and fiction reflect the moral, aesthetic, and national features that remain relevant to this day. The research featured the conceptual framework of Ғailә (Family) in works by Mustai Karim. It included such concepts as Әсә (Mother), Inәy (Aunt), Өlәsәy (Grandmother), Atai (Father), Ul (Son), Olatai (Uncle), Aғai (Brother), etc. They reflect such concepts as loyalty, love, mutual respect, mutual understanding and care, kindness, and spiritual kinship, which reveals the versatility and complexity of this content.
Reflection of Family Relations in the Russian and Chinese Languages (Based on Frames husband's mother – daughter-in-law, wife’s mother – son-in-law, husband's sister – sister-in-law)
Authors: Hong L.
Published: April 2021

Propositional frame-based modeling is one of the most effective methods of cognitive linguistics. This method considers the interaction between the semantic and cognitive aspects of units of two typologically different languages, e. g. Russian and Chinese, in order to study the way language structures and reflects human knowledge and experience. Propositional structures are the same for all languages, but they are implemented differently in every language. The authors used the propositional frame-based analysis to identify universal and specific aspects in the semantics of proverbs based on frames husband's mother – daughter-in-law, wife's mother – son-in-law and husband's sister – sister-in-law, which are important fragments of the Russian and Chinese linguistic world view. The cognitive potential of paroemiological units is enormous: proverbs reflect historical, cultural, linguistic, and extralinguistic cognitive experience. The propositional-frame analysis of the semantics of Chinese and Russian proverbs made it possible to distinguish the following logical-thematic classification: 1) features of the character and behavior of each relative; 2) the relationship between mother-in-law and daughter-in-law, mother-in-law and son-in-law, between sisters-in-law; 3) the family status of the mother-in-law, daughter-in-law, mother-in-law, son-in-law, and sister-in-law; 4) family traditions, way of life; 5) sources of family conflicts; 6) ways of solving conflict situations.
Truth / Falsity as Properties of Advertising Discourse: AddresseeCentered Aspect
Authors: Kim L. G. , Rafikova E. A.
Published: April 2021

The research featured the problem of truth / falsity as properties of advertising discourse. Advertising is described both within the linguistics of lying and the interpretive linguistics. The paper introduces a linguistic study of the phenomenon of lying from the subjectivist positions, i.e. as the interaction between two communicants: the liar and the recipient of the lies. Subjectivists interpret the text as compliant or non-compliant to one’s idea of reality, i.e. the conformity to the world of thought. Advertising discourse is the object of the recipient’s receptive and interpretive activity. The authors studied the speech behavior of the interpreter of the false discourse, i.e. how the lies affected the addressee. The research objective was to prove the thesis statement that discourse of lies is determined not only by the liar and their speech behavior, but also by the recipient of the lies. The study featured two texts that differed in the extent of false and reliable information. The lying potential of the advertising discourse was studied by the method of linguistic experiment. Each advertisement was evaluated by the recipient as containing information of various degrees of falsehood. The interpretation depended on the presumptions of the recipient and their choice of either rational-logical or emotional-sensual interpretive strategy.
Conceptualization of Shame and Remorse in the Even Linguistic World View
Authors: Kuzmina R. P.
Published: April 2021

The article introduces a comprehensive analysis of the key concepts in the Even linguistic world view, i.e. shame and remorse. These concepts are represented by the following lexical units in the Even dialects: haldyun has analogies in all languages of the Tungus-Manchu group; nyumar, nyumarin and khadarin are recorded in the Eastern dialect of the Even language; kherkehyi is common in the Lamunkhin dialect. The semantic structure of these lexemes is complex and includes similar concepts of shyness, embarrassment, modesty, and humbleness. The work used the descriptive method, the continuous sampling method, and the conceptual analysis, as well as the methods of definition (highlighting semantic features), etymological analysis, collecting and processing of field data. In the national consciousness of the Even, shame and remorse are concepts that reflect the assessment of one’s behavior in society and attitude to the world. In addition, they also demonstrate strong emotional content.
Karasor-3 Site in the Upper Tobol
Authors: Podzuban E. V.
Published: April 2021

The paper introduces a collection of prehistoric artifacts from Karasor-3 archeological site (1999). The Karasor cluster is located in the Upper Tobol region near the town of Lisakovsk, in the northern part of the Turgai depression, which connects the West Siberian and Turan plains. The Turgai depression borders on the Trans-Ural Plateau on the west and on the Kazakh hummocks and the Ulutau Mountains on the east. This environment does not contribute to the preservation of the cultural layer. As a result, the pottery and stone fragments found at the Karasor 3 site were collected from the surface. The article contains a detailed description of the pottery. The stone tools underwent a technical and typological analysis based on the products of primary splitting, morphological parameters and size of plates, the ratio of blanks and tools made of plates and flakes, methods of secondary processing, and typological composition of the tool kit. The nature of the raw materials was considered as an independent indicator. The stone industry of the Late Eneolithic era proved similar to the Tersek culture. The pottery ranged from the Late Eneolithic to the Early Iron Age.
Battle after Victory: Causes of the Post-War Crime Rate Increase (1945–1950)
Authors: Popova A. D.
Published: April 2021

The article features the causes of the crime rate increase that occurred in the Soviet Union after World War II. The author studied archival documents of the Chief Department of Gang Prevention, as well as memoirs written by militia officers and common citizens. The increase in gangsterism and crime in general presented a serious challenge for the country that had just won the most terrible war in human history. The author managed to define two major causes of crime rate increase in the post-war years. The first was poverty, homeless children, substandard living conditions, and poor organization of public leisure time. The second included nationalist movements in some ethnic regions, uncontrolled weapon possession, and numerous largescale Bills of Oblivion. The post-war crime rate increase had complex causes and was a serious challenge for militia officers.
Особенности импульсного перемагничивания несферической наночастицы с кубической анизотропией
Authors: Шутый А.М. , Семенцов Д.И.
Published: April 2021

Для наночастицы эллипсоидальной формы с кубической магнитной анизотропией выявлены условия установления различных равновесных состояний после действия коротким гауссовым импульсом магнитного поля. Переход к каждому из этих состояний может быть реализован за счет изменения параметров импульса. Выявлено существенное влияние на процессы перемагничивания отклонения формы частицы от сферической. Ключевые слова: импульсное перемагничивание, прецессионная динамика, кубическая анизотропия, эллипсоидальная магнитная наночастица, динамическая бистабильность.
Структурные особенности и магнитные свойства пленок Co-W
Authors: Васьковский В.О. , Волочаев М.Н. , Горьковенко А.Н. , Кравцов Е.А. , Лепаловский В.Н. , Фещенко А.А.
Published: April 2021

The structure and magnetic properties of thin polycrystalline Co100-xWx (030) films deposited by magnetron sputtering on glass substrates, including those containing buffer layers Ta, W and Ru, have been investigated. It was found that pure Co films are non-single-phase and contain hpc and fcc crystal modifications. Doping leads to an increase in the concentration of the fcc phase and enhance the texture (111), and subsequently to the amorphization of the films. Buffer layers had a certain influence on the depth and concentration localization of these transformations. A characteristic feature of the magnetism of Co-W films is a significant perpendicular component in the macroscopic magnetic anisotropy, which leads to a "trance critical" magnetic state. It was shown that its source was a textured fcc phase, the crystal anisotropy of which was enhanced by the doping of cobalt with tungsten.
Влияние освещения на пьезоэлектрические характеристики кварцевых резонаторов
Authors: Шмытько И.М.
Published: April 2021

The results of the effect of lighting on the piezoelectric characteristics of quartz resonators in the form of a tuning fork, which have been pre-trained by increased friction from the external environment, are presented. A significant change in the piezoelectric characteristics of such resonators was found depending on the intensity and spectrum of illumination. It is assumed that the detected change in the characteristics of the resonators is due to dislocations formed in the resonator during training with increased friction of the external environment, and is a manifestation of the well-known photoplastic effect and its quenching.
Эволюция спектральных и структурных характеристик ортоборатов Lu-=SUB=-0.99-x-=/SUB=-Gd-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-Eu-=SUB=-0.01-=/SUB=-BO-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-
Authors: Шмурак С.З. , Кедров В.В. , Киселев А.П. , Фурсова Т.Н. , Зверькова И.И. , Постнова E.Ю.
Published: April 2021

Проведены исследования структуры, спектров ИК-поглощения и люминесценции твердых растворов Lu0.99-xGdxEu0.01BO3 при 0≤ x≤ 0.15. Установлено соответствие между структурой и спектральными характеристиками этих соединений. Показано, что ортобораты Lu0.99-xGdxEu0.01BO3, состоящие из бората лютеция LuBO3, имеющего две устойчивые структурные модификации (кальцит и ватерит), и бората гадолиния GdBO3, имеющего только одну структурную модификацию (ватерит), при x≤ 0.05 образуют твердый раствор со структурой кальцита и размером микрокристаллов 15-20 μm. При увеличении x количество фазы ватерита последовательно увеличивается и при x≥0.1 весь объем образца имеет структуру ватерита. При концентрациях Gd3+ 0.05 0.05 фаза ватерита появляется как в объеме крупных микрокристаллов (15-20 μm), так и в виде мелких микрокристаллов (1-2 μm). Ключевые слова: люминофоры для светодиодов, ортобораты редкоземельных элементов, рентгенофазовый анализ, ИК-спектроскопия, спектры люминесценции.
О критической точке плавления простого вещества
Authors: Магомедов М.Н.
Published: April 2021

Based on the three-phase model of simple matter reviewed to the appearance and disappearance of the S-loop of a phase transition (PT) of the first kind on isotherme of state equation in the range of PT crystal-liquid (C-L). Calculations performed for argon showed that the S-loop of PT C-L on the isotherm of the state equation arises due to a sharp decrease and subsequent increase in pressure associated with the appearance of delocalized atoms at an isothermal increase in the specific volume. With an increase in temperature on the isotherm, the pressure associated with the delocalization of atoms passes from the negative region (where it compressed the system) to the positive region (where it stretches the system). This behavior of this function leads both to the appearance of the S-loop of the C-L PT on the isotherm of the equation of state, and to the disappearance of the S-loop of the C-L PT at high temperatures with the formation of the critical point of the C-L PT. The change in the parameters of the critical point of PT C-L with a decrease in the number of atoms in the nanosystem is studied. It is shown that during the transition to the nanosystem, the critical temperature and pressure decrease, and the critical molar volume increases. Calculations in the framework of the three-phase model of a simple matter showed that the structure at the critical point of PT C-L is close to an amorphous packing. At the same time, with a decrease in the number of atoms in the nanosystem, the parameters of this amorphous structure at the critical point of PT C-L change slightly.
Comparative Analysis of Single and Combined Antipyretics Using Patient-Generated Health Data: Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Park Yu Rang , Kim Hyery , Park Ji Ae , Ahn Sang Hyun , Chang Seyun , Shin Jae Won , Kim Myeongchan , Lee Jae-Ho
Published: April 2021

Background

Fever is one of the most common symptoms in children and is the physiological response of the human immune system to external pathogens. However, effectiveness studies of single and combined antipyretic therapy are relatively few due to lack of data. In this study, we used large-scale patient-generated health data from mobile apps to compare antipyretic affects between single and combination antipyretics.

Objective

We aimed to establish combination patterns of antipyretics and compare antipyretic affects between single and combination antipyretics using large-scale patient-generated health data from mobile apps.

Methods

This study was conducted using medical records of feverish children from July 2015 to June 2017 using the Fever Coach mobile app. In total, 3,584,748 temperature records and 1,076,002 antipyretic records of 104,337 children were analyzed. Antipyretic efficacy was measured by the mean difference in the area under the temperature change curve from baseline for 6 hours, 8 hours, 10 hours, and 12 hours after antipyretic administration in children with a body temperature of ≥38.0 ℃ between single and combination groups.

Results

The single antipyretic and combination groups comprised 152,017 and 54,842 cases, respectively. Acetaminophen was the most commonly used single agent (60,929/152,017, 40.08%), and acetaminophen plus dexibuprofen was the most common combination (28,065/54,842, 51.17%). We observed inappropriate use, including triple combination (1205/206,859, 0.58%) and use under 38 ℃ (11,361/206,859, 5.50%). Combination antipyretic use increased with temperature; 23.82% (33,379/140,160) of cases were given a combination treatment when 38 ℃ ≤ temperature < 39 ℃, while 41.40% (1517/3664) were given a combination treatment when 40 ℃ ≤ temperature. The absolute value of the area under the curve at each hour was significantly higher in the single group than in the combination group; this trend was consistently observed, regardless of the type of antipyretics. In particular, the delta fever during the first 6 hours between the two groups showed the highest difference. The combination showed the lowest delta fever among all cases.

Conclusions

Antipyretics combination patterns were analyzed using large-scale data. Approximately 75% of febrile cases used single antipyretics, mostly acetaminophen, but combination usage became more frequent as temperature increased. However, combination antipyretics did not show definite advantages over single antipyretics in defervescence, regardless of the combination. Single antipyretics are effective in reducing fever and relieving discomfort in febrile children.
Feasibility of a Waistband-Type Wireless Wearable Electrocardiogram Monitoring System Based on a Textile Electrode: Development and Usability Study
Authors: Gwon Danbi , Cho Hakyung , Shin Hangsik
Published: April 2021

Background

Electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring in daily life is essential for effective management of cardiovascular disease, a leading cause of death. Wearable ECG measurement systems in the form of clothing have been proposed to replace Holter monitors used for clinical ECG monitoring; however, they have limitations in daily use because they compress the upper body and, in doing so, cause discomfort during wear.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to develop a wireless wearable ECG monitoring system that includes a textile ECG electrode that can be applied to the lining of pants and can be used in the same way that existing lower clothing is worn, without compression to the upper body.

Methods

A textile electrode with stretchable characteristics was fabricated by knitting a conductive yarn together with polyester-polyurethane fiber, which was then coated with silver compound; an ECG electrode was developed by placing it on an elastic band in a modified limb lead configuration. In addition, a system with analog-to-digital conversion, wireless communication, and a smartphone app was developed, allowing users to be able to check and store their own ECGs in real time. A signal processing algorithm was also developed to remove noise from the obtained signal and to calculate the heart rate. To evaluate the ECG and heart rate measurement performance of the developed module, a comparative evaluation with a commercial device was performed. ECGs were measured for 5 minutes each in standing, sitting, and lying positions; the mean absolute percentage errors of heart rates measured with both systems were then compared.

Results

The system was developed in the form of a belt buckle with a size of 53 × 45 × 12 mm (width × height × depth) and a weight of 23 g. In a qualitative evaluation, it was confirmed that the P-QRS-T waveform was clearly observed in ECGs obtained with the wearable system. From the results of the heart rate estimation, the developed system could track changes in heart rate as calculated by a commercial ECG measuring device; in addition, the mean absolute percentage errors of heart rates were 1.80%, 2.84%, and 2.48% in the standing, sitting, and lying positions, respectively.

Conclusions

The developed system was able to effectively measure ECG and calculate heart rate simply through being worn as existing clothing without upper body pressure. It is anticipated that general usability can be secured through further evaluation under more diverse conditions.
Innovative Virtual Role Play Simulations for Managing Substance Use Conversations: Pilot Study Results and Relevance During and After COVID-19
Authors: Albright Glenn , Khalid Nikita , Shockley Kristen , Robinson Kelsey , Hughes Kevin , Pace-Danley Bethany
Published: April 2021

Background

Substance use places a substantial burden on our communities, both economically and socially. In light of COVID-19, it is predicted that as many as 75,000 more people will die from alcohol and other substance use and suicide as a result of isolation, new mental health concerns, and various other stressors related to the pandemic. Public awareness campaigns that aim to destigmatize substance use and help individuals have meaningful conversations with friends, coworkers, or family members to address substance use concerns are a timely and cost-effective means of augmenting existing behavioral health efforts related to substance use. These types of interventions can supplement the work being done by existing public health initiatives.

Objective

This pilot study examines the impact of the One Degree: Shift the Influence role play simulation, designed to teach family, friends, and coworkers to effectively manage problem-solving conversations with individuals that they are concerned about regarding substance use.

Methods

Participants recruited for this mixed methods study completed a presurvey, the simulation, and a postsurvey, and were sent a 6-week follow-up survey. The simulation involves practicing a role play conversation with a virtual human coded with emotions, a memory, and a personality. A virtual coach provides feedback in using evidence-based communication strategies such as motivational interviewing.

Results

A matched sample analysis of variance revealed significant increases at follow-up in composite attitudinal constructs of preparedness (P<.001) and self-efficacy (P=.01), including starting a conversation with someone regarding substance use, avoiding upsetting someone while bringing up concerns, focusing on observable facts, and problem solving. Qualitative data provided further evidence of the simulation’s positive impact on the ability to have meaningful conversations about substance use.

Conclusions

This study provides preliminary evidence that conversation-based simulations like One Degree: Shift the Influence that use role play practice can teach individuals to use evidence-based communication strategies and can cost-effectively reach geographically dispersed populations to support public health initiatives for primary prevention.
Does Catheter ablation for Premature Ventricular Contractions remain unsuccessful in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy?
Authors: Babayiğit Erdi , Karadeniz Andaç , Mert Kadir Uğur , Gorenek Bulent
Published: April 2021

We have read with great interest the article “Efficacy of Catheter
Ablation for Premature Ventricular Contractions (PVC) in Arrhythmogenic
Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy (ARVC)” by Assis F.R. et. al. PVC
ablation in ARVC was previously studied by Aras D. et al and they
presented successful results.In this study, we believe that the study
should not be considered as unsuccessful since 2 patients showed a
decrease in PVC burden by more than 80% and in the other three patients
between 45-70%. The demonstration of a decrease in PVC burden with
catheter ablation in ARVD patients indicates that a second ablation may
increase the success rate and decrease symptoms. The fact that ARVC has
a complex substrate and the disease can progress is undoubtedly the most
important factor in achieving the desired success with PVC ablation.
Epicardial ablation with endocardial ablation has increased the chance
of success in this patient group. In addition, given that BCSD ablation
and basal heart rate are guaranteed by ICD implantation, we think that
administration of the maximum dose of antiarrhythmic medication may
create a significant improvement in these patients. And another factor,
contact force sensing plays an important role in evaluating the
effectiveness of the process. We suggest that with the current treatment
modalities, a pharmacoablative combination therapy and re-ablation when
necessary would be appropriate for such a complicated disease.
Lyapunov stability of singular planar systems related to dispersion-managed solitons in optical fiber
Authors: Liang Zaitao , Li Xin , Li Shengjun , Shan Xuemeng , Wang Feng
Published: April 2021

In this paper, we consider two singular planar differential systems
which can describe the evolution of the optical pulse width and chirp
for the so-called dispersion-managed solitons. Based on the method of
third order approximation in combination with some quantitative
information obtained by the upper-lower solutions method and the
averaging method, some results on the existence and Lyapunov stability
of the periodic solutions are obtained. Moreover, the formula of the
first twist coefficient and a stability criterion of a nonlinear
differential equation are also established.