bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Engineered Carbonic Anhydrase VI-Mimic Enzyme Switched the Structure and Affinities of Inhibitors
Authors: Kazokaitė Justina , Kairys Visvaldas , Smirnovienė Joana , Smirnov Alexey , Manakova Elena , Tolvanen Martti , Parkkila Seppo , Matulis Daumantas
Published: September 2019

Secretory human carbonic anhydrase VI (CA VI) has emerged as a potential drug target due to its role in pathological states, such as excess acidity-caused dental caries and injuries of gastric epithelium. Currently, there are no available CA VI-selective inhibitors or crystallographic structures of inhibitors bound to CA VI. The present study focuses on the site-directed CA II mutant mimicking the active site of CA VI for inhibitor screening. The interactions between CA VI-mimic and a series of benzenesulfonamides were evaluated by fluorescent thermal shift assay, stopped-flow CO2 hydration assay, isothermal titration calorimetry, and X-ray crystallography. Kinetic parameters showed that A65T, N67Q, F130Y, V134Q, L203T mutations did not influence catalytic properties of CA II, but inhibitor affinities resembled CA VI, exhibiting up to 0.16 nM intrinsic affinity for CA VI-mimic. Structurally, binding site of CA VI-mimic was found to be similar to CA VI. The ligand interactions with mutated side chains observed in three crystallographic structures allowed to rationalize observed variation of binding modes and experimental binding affinities to CA VI. This integrative set of kinetic, thermodynamic, and structural data revealed CA VI-mimic as a useful model to design CA VI-specific inhibitors which could be beneficial for novel therapeutic applications.
Sound symbolic congruency detection in humans but not in great apes
Authors: Margiotoudi Konstantina , Allritz Matthias , Bohn Manuel , Pulvermüller Friedemann
Published: September 2019

Theories on the evolution of language highlight iconicity as one of the unique features of human language. One important manifestation of iconicity is sound symbolism, the intrinsic relationship between meaningless speech sounds and visual shapes, as exemplified by the famous correspondences between the pseudowords ‘maluma’ vs. ‘takete’ and abstract curved and angular shapes. Although sound symbolism has been studied extensively in humans including young children and infants, it has never been investigated in non-human primates lacking language. In the present study, we administered the classic “takete-maluma” paradigm in both humans (N = 24 and N = 31) and great apes (N = 8). In a forced choice matching task, humans but not great apes, showed crossmodal sound symbolic congruency effects, whereby effects were more pronounced for shape selections following round-sounding primes than following edgy-sounding primes. These results suggest that the ability to detect sound symbolic correspondences is the outcome of a phylogenetic process, whose underlying emerging mechanism may be relevant to symbolic ability more generally.
Ultrathin acoustic cloaking by a conformal hybrid metasurface
Authors: Wang Yihe , Cheng Ying , Liu Xiaojun
Published: September 2019

Ultrathin acoustic cloaking of obstacles with arbitrary shape is achieved by a conformal hybrid metasurface, which is composed of an outer layer of phase-control metasurface (PCM) and an inner layer of near-zero-index metasurface (NZIM). Here, the PCM and NZIM are discretized into two types of labyrinth elements. The NZIM is functionally equivalent to an equiphase area and can guide the waves around the obstacle, while the PCM can perpendicularly transfer the incident waves to the NZIM and then control the emergent waves from NZIM to propagate along the original incident direction. The efficient cloaking by hybrid metasurface tightly covered on the edges of the square and circular obstacles is demonstrated, with a total thickness only 0.62 times of operating wavelength.
Human cardiac myosin light chain 4 (MYL4) mosaic expression patterns vary by sex
Authors: Wang Tony Y. , Arking Dan E. , Maleszewski Joseph J. , Fox-Talbot Karen , Nieuwenhuis Tim O. , Santhanam Lakshmi , Virmani Renu , Rosenberg Avi Z. , Halushka Marc K.
Published: September 2019

Sex disparities modulate cardiac function, although the proteins and mechanisms remain to be elucidated. We recently demonstrated a mosaic pattern of protein expression in the heart for over 100 proteins. Here we investigate one of these proteins, myosin light chain 4 (MYL4), which is important for contractile functions by increasing force production. We assayed the expression pattern of MYL4 across 756 ventricular myocardial samples from 668 individuals utilizing a semi-automated Cell Profiler method on five tissue microarrays (TMAs) of cardiac tissues across a diverse set of diseases. The percentage of MYL4 positive cells was significantly higher in male subjects independently across all five TMAs, regardless of disease state (p = 8.66e-15). Higher MYL4 expression was also modestly associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (p = 6.3e-04). MYL4 expression did not associate with sudden cardiac death or other cardiomyopathies. This study demonstrates a new mosaic pattern of protein expression that underlies sex disparities in the human heart.
A protocol integrating remote patient monitoring patient reported outcomes and cardiovascular biomarkers
Authors: Shufelt Chrisandra , Dzubur Eldin , Joung Sandy , Fuller Garth , Mouapi Kelly N. , Van Den Broek Irene , Lopez Mayra , Dhawan Shivani , Arnold Corey W. , Speier William , Mastali Mitra , Fu Qin , Van Eyk Jennifer E. , Spiegel Brennan , Merz C. Noel Bairey
Published: September 2019

We describe the protocol, design, and methodology of the Prediction, Risk, and Evaluation of Major Adverse Cardiac Events (PRE-MACE) study as a multicomponent remote patient monitoring in cardiology. Using biosensor, biomarkers, and patient-reported outcomes in participants with stable ischemic heart disease, the PRE-MACE study is designed to measure cross-sectional correlations and establish the ability of remote monitoring to predict major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) biomarkers and incident MACE at baseline and 12-month follow-up. It will further assess the adherence and cost-effectiveness of remote monitoring and blood sampling over the initial months. Despite medication and lifestyle changes, patients with cardiovascular disease can experience MACE due to undertreatment, poor adherence, or failure to recognize clinical or biochemical changes that presage MACE. Identifying patients using remote monitoring to detect MACE forerunners has potential to improve outcomes, avoid MACE, and reduce resource utilization. Data collection will include: (1) continuous remote monitoring using wearable biosensors; (2) biomarker measurements using plasma and at-home micro-sampling blood collection; and (3) patient-reported outcomes to monitor perceived stress, anxiety, depression, and health-related quality of life. Two hundred participants will be followed for 90 days with a subset (n = 80) monitored for 180 days. All participants will be followed up for MACE at 12 months.The PRE-MACE study will utilize remote monitoring with biosensors, biomarkers, and patient-reported outcomes to identify intermediate biomarkers of MACE in patients with stable ischemic heart disease. If shown to be effective, this intervention can be utilized between health visits to predict MACE and reduce financial impact of MACE.
Simultaneous quantification of adenosine and deoxyadenosine isomers in foods with high sensitivity
Authors: Su Yaxia , Pan Li , Zhang Huaisheng , Lin Manting , Liu Weizhi , Xu Rui , Hu Hankun , Liu Yi-Ming
Published: September 2019

Sensitive detection of adenosine and deoxyadenosine isomers in food.
Salting-out-assisted liquid–liquid extraction of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from honey and the determination of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural by high-performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Chen Wenbin , Wu Siyuan , Zhang Jianing , Yu Fengjie , Miao Xiaoqing , Tu Xijuan
Published: September 2019

A simple, rapid, and effective sample preparation method was developed for the recovery of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from honey samples with negligible co-extracted sugars.
Ascorbyl and hydroxyl radical generation mediated by a copper complex adsorbed on gold
Authors: Romo Adolfo I. B. , Dibo Vitória S. , Abreu Dieric S. , Carepo Marta S. P. , Neira Andrea C. , Castillo Ivan , Lemus Luis , Nascimento Otaciro R. , Bernhardt Paul V. , Sousa Eduardo H. S. , Diógenes Izaura C. N.
Published: September 2019

Electrochemistry, nuclease assays, and EPR were used to detect ascorbyl and hydroxyl radical generation by a copper complex adsorbed on gold.
Photophysical properties of organogold(i) complexes bearing a benzothiazole-2,7-fluorenyl moiety: selection of ancillary ligand influences white light emission
Authors: Mihaly Joseph J. , Stewart David J. , Grusenmeyer Tod A. , Phillips Alexis T. , Haley Joy E. , Zeller Matthias , Gray Thomas G.
Published: September 2019

Herein we report three new gold(i) complexes with a benzothiazole-2,7-fluorenyl moiety bound through a gold–carbon σ-bond and either an N-heterocyclic carbene or organophosphine as ancillary ligands.
Electron transfer in complexes of BIIcations with organic π-acceptors: a combined experimental and quantum-chemical study
Authors: Vogler Daniel , Wolf Nina , Kaifer Elisabeth , Himmel Hans-Jörg
Published: September 2019

The complexation and reduction of a series of diones with different redox-potentials in a dicationic diborane are analysed.
Imidazolyl-phenyl (IMP) anions: a modular structure for tuning solubility and coordinating ability
Authors: Wozniak Derek I. , Hicks Andrew J. , Sabbers William A. , Dobereiner Graham E.
Published: September 2019

The effect of counteranion upon a cation's solution-phase reactivity depends on a subtle interplay of weak interactions.
Geochemical conditions conducive for retention of trace elements and radionuclides during shale–fluid interactions
Authors: Mehta Neha , Kocar Benjamin D.
Published: September 2019

Geochemical interactions occurring at the shale–water interface resulting in mobilization and retardation of solutes to produced water.
Solvent influence on the surface morphology of P3HT thin films revealed by photoemission electron microscopy
Authors: Niefind Falk , Karande Shubhangi , Frost Frank , Abel Bernd , Kahnt Axel
Published: September 2019

Have you also thought the main driving force of the domain size in your polymer films is the boiling point of the casting solvent? Maybe the polymer solubility is a better indicator after all.
Nanotechnology and nanomaterial-based no-wash electrochemical biosensors: from design to application
Authors: Zhang Yong , Chen Xiaoyuan
Published: September 2019

Versatile design strategies for fabricating no-wash electrochemical biosensors are deeply summarized and the challenges and future prospects are presented.
Preparation of isoquinazolines via metal-free [4 + 2] cycloaddition of ynamides with nitriles
Authors: Wu Hao , Liu Yu , He Ming-xing , Wen Hao , Cao Wei , Chen Ping , Tang Yu
Published: September 2019

TfOH-mediated [4 + 2] cycloaddition of ynamides with nitriles to construct 1,2-dihydroquinazolines is realized by a direct reaction in moderate to excellent yields (up to 93%) in a stereospecific manner.
Advances in asymmetric visible-light photocatalysis, 2015–2019
Authors: Jiang Chunhui , Chen Wei , Zheng Wen-Hua , Lu Hongfei
Published: September 2019

Asymmetric visible-light photocatalysis has recently drawn considerable attention of the scientific community owing to its unique activation modes and significance for the enantioselective green synthesis.
Melioidosis patient serum-reactive synthetic tetrasaccharides bearing the predominant epitopes ofBurkholderia pseudomalleiandBurkholderia malleiO-antigens
Authors: Cloutier Maude , Delar Emmanilo , Muru Kevin , Ndong Seynabou , Hoyeck Robert R. , Kaewarpai Taniya , Chantratita Narisara , Burtnick Mary N. , Brett Paul J. , Gauthier Charles
Published: September 2019

Tetrasaccharides mimickingBurkholderia pseudomalleiandBurkholderia malleilipopolysaccharide O-antigens were synthesized and found to be highly reactive with Thai melioidosis patient serum, highlighting their potential as vaccine candidates.
Thioarylmaleimides: accessible, tunable, and strongly emissive building blocks
Authors: Price Jayden , Albright Emily , Decken Andreas , Eisler Sara
Published: September 2019

Thioarylmaleimides (TAMS) with a wide range of photophysical properties were realized. The photophysical properties of the TAMS are varied, and can be controlled via strategic choice of the thioaryl moiety.
Effect of vacancies on the structural and electronic properties of Ti2CO2
Authors: Xiao-Hong Li , Xiang-Ying Su , Rui-Zhou Zhang
Published: September 2019

Ti2CO2 MXene is widely considered as a potential candidate material for sensors and optical devices.
Responses of seed germination and shoot metabolic profiles of maize (Zea maysL.) to Y2O3nanoparticle stress
Authors: Gong Chenchen , Wang Linghao , Li Xiaolu , Wang Hongsen , Jiang Yuxin , Wang Wenxing
Published: September 2019

A hypothetic model for the adaptation of maize to Y2O3NPs stress during seed germination.
Flexible oxidation of styrene using TBHP over zirconia supported mono-copper substituted phosphotungstate
Authors: Sadasivan Rajesh , Patel Anjali
Published: September 2019

Mono-copper substituted phosphotungstate was supported on hydrous zirconia by wet impregnation, characterized and evaluated for its catalytic activity in the solvent-free flexible oxidation of styrene using TBHP as oxidant.
Super-robust superamphiphobic surface with anti-icing property
Authors: Wang Huanhuan , Lu Haitao , Zhang Xia
Published: September 2019

The durable superamphiphobic monoliths can repel a series of organic solutions with surface tension as low as 36.4 mN m−1, and display excellent self-cleaning, delay-icing and easy de-icing properties.
Polyacrylamide crosslinked by bis-vinylimidazolium bromide for high elastic and stable hydrogels
Authors: Wang Caihong , Guan Xiaoqin , Yuan Yongli , Wu Yong , Tan Shuai
Published: September 2019

Polyacrylamide hydrogels crosslinked by bis-vinylimidazolium bromides achieved robust mechanical stability under various conditions, such as equilibrium swelling, compression and high temperatures.
High-performance and stable CsPbBr3 light-emitting diodes based on polymer additive treatment
Authors: Cai Wanqing , Chen Ziming , Chen Dongcheng , Su Shijian , Xu Qinghua , Yip Hin-Lap , Cao Yong
Published: September 2019

The 2-methyl-2-oxazoline additive induced the formation of high-quality CsPbBr3 nanocrystals and a stable PeLED with a half-lifetime of 2.4 hours at high initial luminance of 1000 cd m−2 was demonstrated, representing one of the most stable PeLEDs.
Catalysis with carbon nanoparticles
Authors: Testa Caterina , Zammataro Agatino , Pappalardo Andrea , Trusso Sfrazzetto Giuseppe
Published: September 2019

Carbon nanoparticles represent a new class of nanocatalysts able to catalyze different reactions. This review collects the catalytic applications of these nanoparticles.
IRMOF-74(n)–Mg: a novel catalyst series for hydrogen activation and hydrogenolysis of C–O bonds
Authors: Stavila Vitalie , Foster Michael E. , Brown Jonathan W. , Davis Ryan W. , Edgington Jane , Benin Annabelle I. , Zarkesh Ryan A. , Parthasarathi Ramakrishnan , Hoyt David W. , Walter Eric D. , Andersen Amity , Washton Nancy M. , Lipton Andrew S. , Allendorf Mark D.
Published: September 2019

Non-monotonic catalytic behavior in an isoreticular MOF series results from subtle structural differences that alter the substrate binding energy.
Temperature-controlled electrospray ionization mass spectrometry as a tool to study collagen homo- and heterotrimers
Authors: Köhler Martin , Marchand Adrien , Hentzen Nina B. , Egli Jasmine , Begley Alina I. , Wennemers Helma , Zenobi Renato
Published: September 2019

Temperature-programmed native electrospray ionization mass spectrometry gives detailed insight into the assembly of model collagen triple helices.
Enantioselective synthesis of quaternary 3,4-dihydroisoquinolinonesviaHeck carbonylation reactions: development and application to the synthesis of Minalrestat analogues
Authors: Cheng Cang , Wan Bin , Zhou Bo , Gu Yichao , Zhang Yanghui
Published: September 2019

A Pd-catalyzed enantioselective intramolecular carbonylative Heck reaction has been developed by using formate esters as the source of CO.
High stability SrTi1−xFexO3−δ electrodes for oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions
Authors: Zhang Shan-Lin , Cox Dalton , Yang Hao , Park Beom-Kyeong , Li Cheng-Xin , Li Chang-Jiu , Barnett Scott A.
Published: September 2019

Sr(Ti1−xFex)O3−δ (STF) has been explored as a high stable oxygen electrode for oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions.
Hetero-coupling of a carbonate hydroxide and sulfide for efficient and robust water oxidation
Authors: Tang Tang , Jiang Wen-Jie , Niu Shuai , Yuan Lu-Pan , Hu Jin-Song , Wan Li-Jun
Published: September 2019

A metal sulfide and metal carbonate hydroxide heterostructure featuring a unique “nanoparticle-in-nanosheet” structure with abundant accessible hetero-interfaces is developed for efficient and robust water oxidation.
Controllable synthesis of CoN3 catalysts derived from Co/Zn-ZIF-67 for electrocatalytic oxygen reduction in acidic electrolytes
Authors: Lai Shoujuan , Xu Li , Liu Hongli , Chen Shuai , Cai Rongsheng , Zhang Lijie , Theis Wolfgang , Sun Jin , Yang Dongjiang , Zhao Xiaoliang
Published: September 2019

The CoN3 nanoparticles were controllably synthesized by precisely adjusting the molar ratio of Co/Zn species in the range of 5/95 to 9/91 in Co/Zn-ZIF-67 precursors. The CoN3@NC-7-1000 exhibits remarkable oxygen reduction performance at 0.5 M H2SO4.
A pH-sensitive polymer based precise tumor targeting strategy with reduced uptake of nanoparticles by non-cancerous cells
Authors: Li Zihou , Ma Xuehua , Xia Yuanzhi , Qian Kun , Akakuru Ozioma Udochukwu , Luo Lijia , Zheng Jianjun , Cui Ping , Shen Zheyu , Wu Aiguo
Published: September 2019

A T2-weighted MRI contrast agent (SPION-AN-FA@mPEG) can precisely target cancer cells with folate receptor α (FRα) diminishing non-specific uptake by normal healthy cells.
Effects of Encouraging the Use of Gestures on Speech
Authors: Cravotta Alice , Busà M. Grazia , Prieto Pilar
Published: September 2019

Purpose

Previous studies have investigated the effects of the inability to produce hand gestures on speakers' prosodic features of speech; however, the potential effects of encouraging speakers to gesture have received less attention, especially in naturalistic settings. This study aims at investigating the effects of encouraging the production of hand gestures on the following speech correlates: speech discourse length (number of words and discourse length in seconds), disfluencies (filled pauses, self-corrections, repetitions, insertions, interruptions, speech rate), and prosodic properties (measures of fundamental frequency [F0] and intensity).

Method

Twenty native Italian speakers took part in a narration task in which they had to describe the content of short comic strips to a confederate listener in 1 of the following 2 conditions: (a) nonencouraging condition (N), that is, no instructions about gesturing were given, and (b) encouraging condition (E), that is, the participants were instructed to gesture while telling the story.

Results

Instructing speakers to gesture led effectively to higher gesture rate and salience. Significant differences were found for (a) discourse length (e.g., the narratives had more words in E than in N) and (b) acoustic measures (F0 maximum, maximum intensity, and mean intensity metrics were higher in E than in N).

Conclusion

The study shows that asking speakers to use their hands while describing a story can have an effect on narration length and can also impact on F0 and intensity metrics. By showing that enhancing the gesture stream could affect speech prosody, this study provides further evidence that gestures and prosody interact in the process of speech production.
Space‐frequency signal alignment for optimal DoF in multi‐carrier MIMO‐NOMA systems
Authors: Liu Weihua , Ding Hanqing , Xu Jin , Zhang Zhe
Published: September 2019

In the process of maximising the utilisation of spatial and radio resources, interference is the major factor limiting the system capacity. In this Letter, a novel multi‐carrier signal alignment (MCSA) scheme based on diagonal‐block channel matrix is first proposed, to mitigate the interference in downlink multi‐input multi‐output non‐orthogonal multiple access (MIMO‐NOMA) cellular networks. The maximum degree of freedom (DoF) can be achieved by the iterative design of MCSA. Simulation results show the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed MCSA scheme in improving the sum‐rate and DoF, by fully using multiple antennas and multiple carriers.
AU, BU… – oder auch nicht?
Authors: Bossenmayer Jörg , Köllner Volker
Published: September 2019

Ob selbständig oder angestellt, wenn man seine berufliche Tätigkeit nicht mehr ausüben kann, bekommt man es leicht mit der Angst zu tun. Wie geht es weiter,
woher bekomme ich Geld für den täglichen Lebensunterhalt, Kredite und andere laufende Kosten? Helfen können Versicherungen, beispielsweise in Form einer
Rente. Aber welche Versicherung? Und was sind die Voraussetzungen für einen Anspruch auf Leistungen? Solche Fragen werden auch ärztlichen und
psychologischen Psychotherapeuten zunehmend häufiger gestellt.
Die Feinnadelpunktion der Schilddrüse: Praktische Durchführung und Fallbeispiele
Authors: Schäfer Wolfgang
Published: September 2019

Die Feinnadelpunktion der Schilddrüse ist ein etabliertes Verfahren, um Schilddrüsenknoten artdiagnostisch einordnen zu können. Die FNP ist dabei ein wenig belastendes, nebenwirkungsarmes Verfahren, welches eine wichtige Säule in der Schilddrüsenknotendiagnostik darstellt. In der Hand des erfahrenen Punkteurs in Kombination mit einem versierten Pathologen ist die diagnostische Aussagekraft hoch, sodass mittels der FNP eine relevante Anzahl diagnostischer Schilddrüsenoperationen vermieden werden können.

In dieser Übersichtsarbeit wird auf die Anforderungen des Robert Koch-Instituts an die Hygiene bei der Feinnadelpunktion der Schilddrüse eingegangen. Sonografiegesteuerte effektive Punktionstechniken werden vorgestellt. Die Befundungskategorien des Pathologen und ihre Auswirkungen auf das klinische Vorgehen werden aufgezeigt. Fallbeispiele illustrieren die Korrelation der klinischen Befunde mit den zytologischen und den makroskopischen Befunden sowie den folgenden histologischen Präparaten.
Problemfälle in der Behandlung mit Schilddrüsenhormonen aus endokrinologischer Sicht: Persistierende Beschwerden unter einer T4-Monotherapie der Hypothyreose
Authors: Derwahl Michael
Published: September 2019

Etwas 5 – 15 % hypothyreoter Patienten sind unter einer L-Thyroxin-Therapie trotz eines TSH-Wertes im Referenzbereich nicht beschwerdefrei. Für diese Patienten wurde eine zusätzliche Behandlung mit einem T3-Präparat bzw. eine T3-/T4-Kombinationstherapie vorgeschlagen. Eine Metaanalyse von 11 randomizierten klinischen Studie, die eine Monotherapie mit T4 mit eine T3-/T4-Kombinationstherapie verglichen haben, konnte jedoch keine Besserung der Symptome unter einer T3-/T4-Kombinationstherapie nachweisen. Ein Problem bei der Definition der klinischen Euthyreose besteht jedoch darin, dass sie auf der Messung von TSH unter Berücksichtigung von FT3 und FT4 beruht, jedoch die zelluläre Euthyreose nicht berücksichtigt. Der überwiegende Anteil von T3 entsteht aber aus T4 durch periphere Konversion im Gewebe. Molekulargenetische Untersuchungen deuten daraufhin, dass die zelluläre Euthyreose durch Polymorphismen der Gene für Schilddrüsenhormontransporter, die T3 und T4 in die Zelle transportieren, oder in Genen für Deiodinasen, die T4 zu T3 umwandeln, beeinträchtigt sein kann. Die klinische Relevanz dieser molekularen Alterationen lässt sich aber direkt kaum nachweisen. Allerdings hat eine kürzlich publizierte Studie zeigen können, dass Patienten mit Polymorphismen im Deiodinase 2 und noch ausgeprägter bei zusätzlichem Polymorphismus im MTC10-Transportergen unter einer T3-/T4-Kombinationstherapie weniger Beschwerden aufweisen. Die Amerikanische Schilddrüsengesellschaft lehnt in ihren Leitlinien eine solche Therapie außerhalb von Studien ab, während die Europäische Schilddrüsengesellschaft eine T3-/T4-Kombinationstherapie als Therapieversuch bei persistierenden Beschwerden akzeptiert. In jedem Fall ist es wichtig bei einer solchen Therapie die Kontraindikationen (Alter, kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen) zu berücksichtigen.
Perkutane Strahlentherapie der endokrinen Orbitopathie
Authors: Schultze Jürgen , Lützen Ulf , Dunst Jürgen
Published: September 2019

Die externe Strahlenbehandlung der endokrinen Orbitopathie ist eine strahlentherapeutische Routinebehandlung. Gleichwohl sind die Zuweisungen zu dieser Therapie zurückgegangen.

Wirkmechanismus der Strahlentherapie ist die Suppression der Lymphozyten und Fibroblasten, die durch eine Autoimmunreaktion aktiviert wurden und zu einer konsekutiven, raumfordernden Verdickung der Augenmuskeln führen.

Für die Behandlung einer Entzündungsreaktion im Frühstadium reichen Einzeldosen von 0,3 Gy und Gesamtdosen von 2,4 Gy aus, chronischere Fälle benötigen Einzeldosen von 2 Gy bis zu einer Gesamtdosis von 18 Gy.

Eine Befundbesserung wird in 80 % der Fälle erreicht. In bis zu 91 % der Fälle kann eine Kortikoidmedikation beendet oder reduziert werden.

Deshalb sollte die externe Strahlentherapie der endokrinen Orbitopathie zukünftig leitliniengerecht wieder häufiger Anwendung finden.
Lhermitte-Duclos Disease and Cowden Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Ideta Mylena Miki Lopes , Paschoalino Mylla Christie Oliveira , Oliveira Louise Makarem , Santos Nelson Brancaccio dos , Sanz Marco Rodrigo Valdivia , Amorim Robson Luis Oliveira de
Published: September 2019

Lhermitte-Duclos disease (LDD), also known as dysplastic gangliocytoma of the cerebellum, is a rare, usually benign, slow-growing tumor, that commonly affects patients aged 30 to 50 years-old. The manifestations of dysplastic cerebellar gangliocytoma are nonspecific and are related both to the mass effect produced by its growth and to the location of the lesion. Cerebellar symptoms such as ataxia are often present. In 40% of cases, the tumor is associated with Cowden syndrome, which is part of a group of genetic disorders called polypoid hamartoma complex. In this case report, the patient presented expansive lesion in the posterior fossa, compatible with LDD, associated with macrocephaly. These findings are considered major criteria for Cowden syndrome. When together, they confirm the diagnoses. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the association of LDD and Cowden syndrome in Brazil.
The Natural History of the Anteriorly Dislocated Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Leung Nicky L. , Talmo Carl T. , Bono Olivia J. , Craven Charles E. , Bakhos Nader A. , Bono James V.
Published: September 2019

Dislocation with instability is one of the most frequent causes of early failure and subsequent revision following primary total hip arthroplasty. However, anterior hip dislocation has been shown to be a relatively infrequent event and there are little data on outcomes of patients with these types of dislocation. The purpose of the current study was to assess the functional outcomes and survival of the prosthetic hip in patients who have sustained an anterior dislocation and to compare these results with a similar cohort of patients who have sustained a posterior dislocation. The charts and radiographs of patients sustaining an anterior dislocation following primary total hip arthroplasty were reviewed at an average of 7 years after the index procedure. Redislocation rate, revision status, and function as assessed by the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Index of Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) were examined. These were compared with an age- and gender-matched cohort of patients who had sustained a posterior dislocation. Patients sustaining an anterior dislocation were found to have a mean acetabular anteversion of 36 degrees, compared with 25.6 degrees in patients who had sustained a posterior dislocation. However, this did not result in any difference in revision rate or WOMAC score at the time of follow-up. The current evidence shows us that a single-posterior dislocation does not preclude a satisfactory long-term outcome. Based on their data, the authors feel it would be appropriate to counsel patients that a single-anterior dislocation also does not preclude a satisfactory outcome.
Investigation on laser plasma instability of the outer ring beams on SGIII laser facility
Authors: Hao Liang , Yang Dong , Li Xin , Li Zhichao , Liu Yaoyuan , Cai Hongbo , Liu Zhanjun , Gu Peijun , Xu Tao , Li Sanwei , Li Bin , He Minqing , Wu Sizhong , Wang Qiang , Cao Lihua , Zheng Chunyang , Zha Weiyi , Peng Xiaoshi , Liu Yonggang , Li Yulong , Liu Xiangming , Yang Pin , Guo Liang , Jiang Xiaohua , Hou Lifei , Deng Bo , Wang Peng , Liu Shenye , Yang Jiamin , Wang Feng , Zheng Wudi , Zou Shiyang , Liu Jie , Jiang Shaoen , Ding Yongkun , Zhu Shaoping
Published: September 2019

In order to study the laser plasma instabilities (LPIs) in the context of some novel six-side laser-driven indirect designs like the six-cylinder-port hohlraum and the three-axis cylindrical hohlraum, where the laser beams inject in hohlraum with a large angle. LPI experiments in cylindrical hohlraum with only outer beams were designed and performed based on the current laser arrangement condition of SGIII laser facility for the first time. Stimulated Brillouin backscatter (SBS) was found to be the dominant instability with high instantaneous reflectivity in experiments. A typical feature was obtained in the time-resolved spectra of SBS, which maintained similar for different laser intensities of the interaction beam. The experimental data are analyzed by the hydrodynamic simulations combined with HLIP code, which is based on the ray-tracing model. By analysis of experimental data, it is argued that the mixture of gas and Au in the region of their interface is important to SBS, which indicates the need for the mixture model between the filled gas and the high Z plasma from hohlraum wall in the hydrodynamic simulations. Nonlinear saturation of SBS as well as the smoothed beam are also discussed here. Our effective considerations of the ions pervasion effect and the smoothed beam provide utilitarian ways for improvement of the current ray-tracing method.
Roles of bulk viscosity on transonic shock-wave/boundary layer interaction
Authors: Bhola Sahil , Sengupta Tapan K.
Published: September 2019

Implicit large eddy simulations are carried out to investigate the influence of the molecular bulk viscosity on transonic shock-wave boundary layer interaction for flow past a natural laminar flow airfoil at a free-stream Mach number M∞ = 0.72 and an angle of attack α = 0.38°. To quantify the nonlinear interactions, we have discarded the putative assumption made by Stokes and used a mathematical model derived from acoustic attenuation measurements to compute bulk viscosity terms. Circumventing the Stokes’ assumption, the time-averaged Cp distributions reveal a much better agreement of the shock strength and location with the available experimental data. Furthermore, due to the additional dissipative term in the energy balance equation, the strength of the upstream propagating Kutta-waves also diminishes along with a decrement in the frequency of the unsteady shock oscillation. Finally, it is observed that the additional bulk viscosity in the fluid flow resulted in an overall increase in the aerodynamic efficiency (the lift-drag ratio).
Oblique shock breakout from a uniform density medium
Authors: Linial Itai , Sari Re’em
Published: September 2019

The emergence of a shock from a medium with a free surface is an important process in various astrophysical phenomena. It generates the first light associated with explosions such as supernovae and gamma ray bursts. Most previous works considered planar or spherical geometries, where the shock front is parallel to the surface and emerges simultaneously from all points. Here, we study the hydrodynamics of an oblique planar shock breaking out from the planar surface of a uniform density ideal gas with adiabatic index γ. We obtain an analytic solution to the flow as a function of the angle between the plane of the shock and the surface β. We find steady state solutions (in a frame moving with the intersection point of the shock and the surface) up to some critical angle (βmax = 63.4° for γ = 5/3 and βmax = 69.3° for γ = 4/3). We show how this analytic solution can be used in more complicated geometries where the shock is not planar, giving the exact profile of the outermost breakout ejecta. We apply our analytical results to a few realistic problems, such as underwater explosions, detonation under the surface of an asteroid, or off center detonations in a uniform sphere.
Dynamics of transverse cloud rolls in the boundary layer with the Poiseuille shear flow
Authors: Wang Quan , Kieu Chanh
Published: September 2019

This study examines the formation of transverse cloud rolls associated with the Poiseuille shear flows that are occasionally observed in the Earth’s atmospheric boundary layer. It is shown that the mechanisms underlying the formation of this type of transverse roll clouds can be explained in the framework of the transition dynamics and structural bifurcation for the incompressible flows. Specifically, the formation of transverse roll clouds is attributed to a subtle interaction between the vertical wind shear and the vertical temperature gradient in the atmospheric well-mixed boundary layer, which results in an attractor bifurcation and subsequent boundary layer separations. The topological structure of the Poiseuille shear flow at the boundary layer separation can be identified as transverse roll cloud.
New insights on modeling of evaporation phenomena in thin films
Authors: Ahmed Shahnawaz , Pandey Manmohan
Published: September 2019

Thin film evaporation modeling is commonly used to simulate transport phenomena in two phase capillary cooling devices and microchannels. However, one of the difficulties faced in the application of such models is the absence of consensus in the implementation of boundary conditions. In the present work, different methods available in the literature are analyzed for their capability to model the physics of the problem. Both their strengths and shortcomings are highlighted. Hence, a novel method for estimation of the film thickness at the onset of evaporation is presented. It is tested for a wide range of superheats and is found to give physically realistic results. A new thin film evaporation model is also presented, consisting of the velocity slip boundary condition at the wall and a disjoining pressure consisting of both retarded and nonretarded terms. It is found that the heat flux decreases monotonically throughout the thin film region.
Transport properties of carbon-phenolic gas mixtures
Authors: Bellemans A. , Scoggins J. B. , Jaffe R. L. , Magin T. E.
Published: September 2019

The development of a new generation of ablative thermal protection systems based on carbon-phenolic composite materials demands the accurate determination of transport properties of pyrolysis gases mixed in various atmospheres. The present work provides recommended collision data for the calculation of the transport properties for Mars and Earth re-entries. A review of available potential data is given for species in the atmospheres of Earth and Mars. Additional data are provided for species formed during the degradation of the theoretical ablative composite for open testing material. Dipole polarizabilities are calculated from ab initio methods and used for the calculation of transport properties of reduced pyrolysis mixtures over a temperature range representative of the boundary layer for atmospheric entry flows.
When dense crowds act like soft solids
Authors: Bottinelli Arianna , Silverberg Jesse L.
Published: September 2019

Although mass gatherings of people are normally safe, sometimes their physical interactions prevail over social norms and peaceful events can become disasters.
Bayesian Decision Theory and Stochastic Independence
Authors: Mongin Philippe
Published: September 2019

As stochastic independence is essential to the mathematical development of probability theory, it seems that any foundational work on probability should be able to account for this property. Bayesian decision theory appears to be wanting in this respect. Savage’s postulates on preferences under uncertainty entail a subjective expected utility representation, and this asserts only the existence and uniqueness of a subjective probability measure, regardless of its properties. What is missing is a preference condition corresponding to stochastic independence. To fill this significant gap, the article axiomatizes Bayesian decision theory afresh and proves several representation theorems in this novel framework.
Binding Specificity and Causal Selection in Drug Design
Authors: Lean Oliver M.
Published: September 2019

Binding specificity is a centrally important concept in molecular biology, yet it has received little philosophical attention. Here I aim to remedy this by analyzing binding specificity as a causal property. I focus on the concept’s role in drug design, where it is highly prized and hence directly studied. From a causal perspective, understanding why binding specificity is a valuable property of drugs contributes to an understanding of causal selection—of how and why scientists distinguish between causes, not just causes from noncauses. In particular, the specificity of drugs is precisely what underwrites their value as experimental interventions on biological processes.
The direction of the d-vector in a nematic triplet superconductor
Authors: Yang Lin , Wang Qiang-Hua
Published: September 2019

We investigate the states of triplet pairing in a candidate nematic superconductor versus typical material parameters, using the mean field theory for two- and three-dimensional tight-binding models with local triplet pairing in the E

u
representation of the D
3d, the point group of the system. In the two-dimensional model, the system favors the fully gapped chiral state for weaker warping or lower filling level, while a nodal and nematic

Δ

4
x

state is favorable for stronger warping or higher filling, with the d-vector aligned along the principle axis. In the presence of lattice distortion, relative elongation along one of the principle axes,

a

, tends to rotate the nematic d-vector orthogonal to

a

, resulting in the nematic

Δ

4
y

state at sufficient elongation. Three-dimensionality is seen to suppress the chiral state in favor of the nematic ones. Our results may explain the variety in the probed direction of the d-vector in existing experiments.
Amplitude-phase method for solving Floquet-type problems
Authors: Thylwe Karl-Erik
Published: September 2019

The understanding of one-dimensional quantal and dynamical problems is fundamental to problems involving stability of material constructions, quantum tunneling in solids, chemical selection of gas components, electronic properties of material nanostructures. An amplitude-phase method for one-dimensional Schrödinger/Hill-type equations with periodic potentials/coefficients is shown to provide detailed insights into Floquet-type quantal and dynamical problems. Method-independent real and periodic local amplitude and wave-number (or angular frequency) functions are found for bounded Floquet solutions. Regular and weakly singular periodic potentials/coefficients of analytic forms apply.
A Case Study: Water Quality Content between Water Supply and Water Vending Machine at Parit Raja, Johor
Authors: Sahat Suhaila , Kariya Nadia , Kaamin Masiri , Hamid Norbaizura , Farah Atiqah Ahmad Nor
Published: September 2019

Water quality study was conducted on water vendor machines with different types of systems that are available around Parit Raja, Batu Pahat such as reverse osmosis systems, systems nanotechnology nano-silver system and water supply pipes. The aim of this study is to distinguish the water quality from the vending machine that follow the standard quality whether authorized or not. Standard water quality parameters such pH, iron concentration experiments, experimental manganese, aluminum and experimental testing ammoniacal nitrogen were computed as comparison. Nanotechnology system water produces better quality when comparing to the pipe water as its pH value shows 6.62. From the experiments the concentration of iron, manganese, aluminium and ammoniacal nitrogen shows 0.08-, 0.07-, 0.05-, and 0.01 mg/L respectively which all the values are in compliance with the National Drinking Water Quality Standards (NDWQS). As for water from reverse osmosis system and pipe water supply both its pH is 6.2 and 6.4 correspondingly which both are not concurrence with National Drinking Water Quality Standards. However, iron content for water from reverse osmosis (0.30 mg/L) is higher than water supply pipe (0.12 mg/L) and both are in the standard range. Iron content of the water supply pipe which is not allowed by 0.14 mg/L. Compared with water from a reverse osmosis system in which the iron content is at a maximum of 0.10mg / L. The parameters of aluminium and ammoniacal nitrogen, the two systems are at acceptable levels. For water from nano-silver system, all parameters are in compliance with the National Drinking Water Quality Standards.
High Strength Concrete Incorporating Oil-Palm-Boiler Clinker as Coarse Lightweight Aggregate
Authors: Chai Lee Jin , Shafigh Payam , Kim Lee See
Published: September 2019

Construction industry demands for high amount of raw material to produce concrete. The constant reduction of natural resources results in negative impact to the environment and lack of raw material. Promotion of utilization of agricultural wastes in production of concrete can minimize the environmental impact towards the sustainable development. In this study, the oil-palm-boiler clinker (OPBC) which is an agricultural waste from palm oil industry was used to substitute the crush granite in conventional concrete from 0 to 50% by volume in increments of 12.5%. Tests conducted in this study were compressive strength in different curing regimes, flexural strength and water absorption. The test results showed that concretes containing 37.5 to 50% OPBC can be categorized as semi-lightweight aggregate concrete with high strength. This aggregate has considerable potential for performing internal curing in concrete. Using OPBC in concrete reduced the flexural strength; however, the reduction was not significant. Although water absorption showed that concretes containing OPBC have slightly higher water absorption, however, all these concrete could be considered as good quality concrete.
Post-disaster permanent housing: user participation and long-term satisfaction
Authors: Lan Oo Bee
Published: September 2019

There is empirical evidence on varying levels of user satisfaction with the provided post-disaster permanent housing based on their levels of participation. This study compares non-participating and participating users’ long-term satisfaction with permanent housing constructed under the REKOMPAK (a community-based reconstruction program) after the 2010 Merapi volcano eruption. The results show that both groups have recorded highly similar levels of satisfaction with their permanent housing attributes with only four (out of 38) attributes that are statistically significantly different between the groups. These findings provide suggestive evidence on the maturity of the REKOMPAK program since it was created in 2005. This has implications for local authorities, humanitarian and other agencies in their decisions to adapt the REKOMPAK or other similar community-based programs for post-disaster reconstruction.
Early career women in construction: career choice and barriers
Authors: Lan Oo Bee , Feng Xiyu , Teck-Heng Lim Benson
Published: September 2019

Retaining female students through graduation and sending them out into the construction industry remain as challenges for greater women participation in the industry. This study examines the factors affecting early career women’s career choice in construction and barriers faced by them at this career stage. Data was collected from female graduates of a construction management degree in an Australian university using an online questionnaire survey. The results show that significant factors affecting their career choice decisions are: (i) career opportunities; (ii) belief of getting better pay; and (iii) self-efficacy and high level of confidence of performing construction tasks. In terms of barriers, four statistically significant barriers are: (i) difficult to integrate into masculine culture in the industry; (ii) stressful and competitive working culture; (iii) long and inflexible working hours; and (iv) lack of informal networks for career opportunities. The results also show that most respondents were satisfied or very satisfied with their jobs. These findings have implications for the development of initiatives aimed at attracting and retaining female graduates in the construction industry.
Innovative and sustainable green concrete–A potential review on utilization of agricultural waste
Authors: Mohamad Noridah , Tahir Lakhiar Muhammad , Aziz Abdul Samad Abdul , Othuman Mydin Md Azree , Ahmed Jhatial Ashfaque , Anis Sofia S. , Inn Goh Wan , Ali Noorwirdawati
Published: September 2019

Concrete is the most versatile product used as building material in world’s construction industry, and it generates carbon to the atmosphere. In manufacturing of cement, 8% to 10% of global carbon dioxide (CO2) gas is generated. The maximum utilization of cement contributes to global warming and climate change. Therefore, many scholars have conducted a research to develop green and sustainable concrete incorporating different waste materials. By utilizing waste materials as cement replacement, the CO2 gas emissions will decrease. This paper reviews the potential and innovative utilization of agricultural waste as partially cement replacing material to make green concrete. Agricultural waste possesses the pozzolanic materials, when finely grinded, generate pozzolanic reaction, in which silica responds with calcium oxide to create calcium silicates which is responsible for higher strength attained in the concrete. It is concluded from previous studies the agricultural waste which consist the high silica contain generated the pozzolanic reaction in concrete mix which contributes the enhancement in strength. The RHA, SCBA POFA are the pozzolanic material, 10%-20% utilization of these waste is optimum and enhance the 20%-30% strength of concrete. The Banana Skin Powder (BSP) also possesses the high silica contain which will generate the pozzolanic reaction in concrete mix and will improve the strength of concrete such as the other agricultural waste improves.
Characteristicsx and suppression of NVH in twin screw refrigeration compressors
Authors: Chen W , Zhang Z , He Z , Xing Z
Published: September 2019

Characteristics of NVH (Noise, vibration and harshness) in twin screw refrigeration compressors, mainly caused by mechanical vibration and turbulent gas flow, are discussed in detail. According to the different generation mechanism, suppression methods of mechanical NVH and hydrodynamic NVH are proposed, respectively. Mechanical NVH is related to rotor profile, bearings, lubricating conditions and maching precision, while hydrodynamic NVH is inevitable and severe for all positive displacement compressors due to gas compression and turbulent flow. Concluded from three cases of NVH suppression for semi-hermetic twin screw refrigeration compressors, half-wave method based on acoustic interference theory, pulsation damper evolving from Helmholtz resonator and broadband perforated tube silencer are effective paths to alleviate hydrodynamic NVH in twin screw refrigeration compressors without bringing in extra energy losses.