bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Watershed Modeling by Incorporating Remotely Sensed Evapotranspiration
and Leaf Area Index
Authors: Lee Sangchul , McCarty Gregory W. , Moglen Glenn E. , Yen Haw , Lei Fangni , Anderson Martha , Gao Feng , Crow Wade , Yeo In-Young , Sun Liang
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Remotely sensed evapotranspiration (RS-ET) products have been widely adopted as additional constraints on hydrologic modeling to enhance the model predictability while reducing predictive uncertainty. However, vegetation parameters, responsible for key time/space variation in evapotranspiration (ET), are often calibrated without the use of suitable constraints. Remotely sensed leaf area index (RS-LAI) products are increasingly available and provide an opportunity to assess vegetation dynamics and improve calibration of associated parameters. The goal of this study is to assess the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) predictive uncertainty in estimates of ET using streamflow and two remotely sensed products (i.e., RS-ET and RS-LAI). We explore how the application of RS-ET and RS-LAI products contributes to 1) reducing the parameter uncertainty; 2) improving the model capacity to predict the spatial distribution of ET and LAI at the sub-watershed level; and 3) assessing the model predictions of ET and LAI at the basic modeling unit (i.e., the hydrologic response unit [HRU]) under the assumption that ET and LAI are related in croplands. Our results suggest that most of the parameter sets with acceptable performances for two constraints (i.e., streamflow and RS-ET; 12 parameter sets) are also acceptable for three constraints (i.e., streamflow, RS-ET, and RS-LAI; 11 parameter sets) at the watershed level. This finding is likely because both the ET simulation algorithm and the RS-ET products consider LAI as an input variable. Relative to the watershed-level assessment, the number of parameter sets that satisfactorily characterize spatial patterns of ET and LAI at the sub-watershed level are reduced from 11 to 6. Among the 11 parameter sets acceptable for three constraints (i.e., streamflow, RS-ET and RS-LAI) at the sub-watershed level, two parameter sets appear to provide high spatial and temporal consistency between ET and LAI at the HRU level. These results suggested that use of multiple remotely sensed products as model constraints enables model evaluations at finer scales – thereby constraining acceptable parameter sets and accurately representing the spatial characteristics of hydrologic variables. As such, this study highlights the potential of remotely sensed data to increase the predictability and utility of hydrologic models.
Nomenclature changes in the "Entolomatoid fungi of western North America and Alaska" (Largent 1994)
Authors: Largent David L.
Published: January 2021

Nomenclatural omissions and orthographic errors in my 1994 monograph are corrected. The three genera Calliderma, Clitopiloides, and Fibropilus were validly published in 1994 as stat. nov. based on infrageneric names, and their extraterritorial basionym type species
are proposed here as Ca. callidermum comb. nov., Cl. cyathus comb. nov., and F. fumosifolius comb. nov. Names originally proposed as provisional are validated as Leptonia cyanea comb. nov., L. cyanea var. occidentalis var. nov., and Inocephalus
appressus sp. nov. Nolanea names that were illegitimate later homonyms are proposed as N. undatomarginata comb. nov. and N. papillatoides comb. nov., based on published replacement names. The published validation of the invalid 1994 name "Leptonia violacea"
is indicated, and seven orthographic epithet corrections are listed
Four non-yellow species of Rhizocarpon new to China
Authors: Hu Ling , Zhang Xiao , Wang Chun-Xiao , Zhao Zun-Tian
Published: January 2021

Four species of the lichen genus Rhizocarpon (R. cinereonigrum, R. distinctum, R. sublavatum, and R. subpostumum) are reported for the first time from China. Descriptions provide morphological and chemical characters and known distribution
of each species.
Desarrollo metodológico de aprovisionamiento de materiales a través de MRP; Caso proveedora del sector automotriz
Authors: Chavez Medina Juan , López Norma Angélica Santiesteban , Luna Fernández Víctor Genaro
Published: January 2021

Una de las actividades más importantes de la mayoría de las empresas manufactureras del sector automotriz en México es la gestión de materiales; dado que se debe administrar subconjuntos, componentes, piezas y materias primas, debido a su impacto en los costos del producto y tiempos de fabricación; para ello se recurre a la herramienta MRP que planifica las necesidades netas de las partes intermedias que componen un determinado artículo. Este trabajo presenta un caso de desarrollo metodológico de aprovisionamiento de materiales a través de MRP de una empresa del sector automotriz ubicada en el Estado de Puebla, México, siendo proveedora de soportes de asientos, la cual, debe lograr un correcto control de inventario para saber la cantidad que necesita para producir, y en consecuencia tener conocimiento en tiempo real cuál es la situación del inventario y las decisiones que se deben tomar.
Por esa razón se desarrolló la metodología para la aplicación del MRP, la cual constó de 4 etapas, en las que se realizaron actividades tales como diagnóstico del proceso logístico, pronósticos de ventas, BOMs de ítems de producto y alimentación de estructuras de materiales en ERP Aspel PROD 4.0., entre otras. En relación con estas acciones que se llevaron a cabo de manera sistemática, se mejoró el aprovisionamiento de materiales en la organización, además de tomar decisiones con mayor facilidad, teniendo una proyección de ventas y disponibilidad de inventarios, para la producción de futuros pedidos y entregas acorde a las necesidades de la proveedora de autopartes.
L'architecture vivante
Authors: Ponce  Gregorio Pedro , Peris Blat Ignacio , Sanchis Gisbert Salvador
Published: January 2021

De sobra conocida es la importancia que para Le Corbusier tenían las publicaciones de sus proyectos. Pues lejos de ser entendidas como meros mecanismos de lucimiento o exhibición, para el maestro detentaban además la posibilidad de “construir” algunas de las ideas más esquivas de sus proyectos. Sobre todo, en el caso de todos aquellos trabajos no realizados como es el caso del Palacio de los Soviets de Moscú (1931), editado y publicado por el arquitecto hasta el último momento de su existencia. Y es que si bien fueron numerosas las páginas en las que este proyecto aparecería, en ningún lugar se representa -por extensión y relevancia- como en la primera de sus publicaciones: el quinto número de L’architecture vivante del año 1932. Un documento significativo que nos permitirá, sin duda, acceder a algunos de los secretos más íntimos de este importante proyecto de arquitectura
Ciudades infinitas
Authors: Alarcón Luisa , Montero-Fernandez Francisco
Published: January 2021

Las utopías urbanas siempre han buscado formas de mejorar la relación de los hombres con el territorio y también entre ellos mismos, han vinculado sociedad con ciudad, proponiendo mundos nuevos para hombres nuevos. El análisis de las teorías urbanas de los años sesenta y setenta nos proporcionan un marco de estudio donde se ve que la incipiente globalización llevó a producir una serie de proyectos teóricos, muy alejados de la realidad, en los que estructuras infinitas, extendidas por toda la Tierra, servían para dar cabida al nuevo hombre postindustrial.
La realidad actual presenta algunos puntos de contacto con esos trabajos visionarios, desde el importante desarrollo de las telecomunicaciones en los últimos veinte años, y sirve de punto de partida para nuevas reflexiones que buscan mejorar tanto el medio urbano como el territorio, ya que ambos constituyen el todo indisoluble donde se desarrolla el mundo contemporáneo.
The Problems Faced with E-Procurement Management in Chipre and Turkey
Authors: Gürsoy Mustafa
Published: January 2021

The rapid development in communication technologies, is creating new possibilities in our commercial life. In particular, the development and expansion of the use of the internet has resulted in businesses conducting their commercial activities in an electronic environment. The new business concept, which we define as e-business, offers a wide range of market opportunities to both businesses and customers. In our article, it is aimed to establish a starting point for similar studies in the commercial relations with Turkey, which is the country with which 62% of imports and 57.2% of exports according to the end of 2018 data of the Trade Department of Northern Cyprus, by putting forward solution proposals in order to determine the similarities and differences in e-business managers Moreover, Turkey, which is among the 20 largest countries in the world economically, and Northern Cyprus, one of the world's smallest economies, may also have an effect on the problems faced with E-provision, whether economic size makes a difference or not.  The survey was prepared for the senior managers of the businesses to which it was applied. The results of our survey showed that the managers in the two countries had similar thoughts about the problems of e-provisioning, and that the economic magnitude did not differ greatly on the problems of e-provisioning studies conducted in electronic environment.
Formation of the optimal model of the industrial cluster of Chinese garment enterprises based on the management of strategic economic zone
Authors: Zheng Yuan , M.P. Vlasov , L.N Nikitina , PA Shikov , Yu.Al Shikov
Published: January 2021

The article discusses the mechanism for developing an optimal model of an industrial cluster associated with the formation of strategic economic zones using the example of chinese textile enterprises. the problem of determining the optimal set of promising strategic economic zones in maximizing revenue from sales of industrial cluster products in a given set of strategic economic zones is being solved. the condition of the enterprise is determined, which most closely corresponds to the market needs in the volume and assortment of products in accordance with the composition and capacity of strategic business areas. a search is underway for such an investment and innovation policy that will ensure the evolutionary transformation of the enterprise architecture in accordance with the vision of the current state and based on minimizing attracted investments. the cluster approach and vertical integration are investigated, which can provide a sustainable competitive advantage for light industry enterprises for many years. an original model for creating an industry cluster is proposed and tested on the example of sewing enterprises in china.
Solvency of the Institute of City Management in Estimates of the Population of the South of Russia: History and Perspectives
Authors: Voskoboynikov Sergey G. , Schukina Tatyana V. , Zelenyj Andrej N. , Dyatlov Alexander V. , Kovalev Vitaly V.
Published: January 2021

This article interprets the results of a mass sociological survey conducted among the population of municipalities of the Rostov region and the Republic of Adygea, in order to determine the social viability of the Institute of city management. Social competence is defined as the achievement of the main goals set for the Institute of city management, primarily, the involvement of professional managers to improve the indicators of socio-economic development of territories. Four aspects are defined as criteria for evaluation: confidence in the reform, goals of the reform, satisfaction with the reform, and expectation of the consequences of the reform. The authors came to the conclusion that a significant mass of the population does not trust the reform, sees in it other goals than the legislator declares, is not satisfied with the results, and fears the onset of negative consequences from its implementation. At the same time, there are other results from the introduction of city management, since there are stable groups of respondents who expressed a positive attitude to it, which is consistently shown in all aspects of the assessment, including the rejection of the significance of the institution of elected mayors.
Restriction of the Rights of Citizens to Achieve the Economic Security of the Territory
Authors: Gubinova Valentina Karginova
Published: January 2021

Restriction of the rights of citizens is one of the tools to achieve national security of the territory. This work is aimed at analyzing the readiness of citizens to limit their rights to ensure economic security and taking into account this readiness by the authorities. As an object, the right to receive insurance old-age pension in the Russian Federation was chosen. The choice of this right is due to the demographic aging of the population in all macro-regions of the world and the almost universal increase in the retirement age. The main sources of data were statistical databases of the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation, as well as the results of sociological surveys conducted by public opinion centers and the Institute of Economics of the Karelian Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Data analysis was carried out using the case study method and econometric methods, in particular, panel and correlation analysis. The study showed that the willingness of a significant proportion of Russians to limit civil rights does not extend to the right to receive an old-age insurance pension. At the same time, the authorities poorly took into account the unreadiness of citizens to raise the retirement age. At the same time, the advantages and disadvantages of limiting the right to insurance old-age pensions make the formation of a “smart security” model for the territory, which involves a combination of soft and hard forces, topical.
Exchange Rate Fluctuations & Economy of Pakistan, Time series Analysis (1989-2013)
Authors: Salih Memon Muhammad , Bux Soomro Raheem , Hussain Mirani Sajid , Ahmed Soomro Mansoor
Published: January 2021

Economic stability is remained on topmost priority of every country, and different measures were suggested by the researchers worldwide, by moving on the same track study was carried out to predict the currency valuation factors, data were collected from export promotion bureau, state bank of Pakistan, and ministry of finance for 25 years (1989-2013), by using linear regression; currency valuation as dependent variable, exports, changes in external debt, and total reserves as independent variables and concluded that only the exports of Pakistan is a right predictor of currency valuation of the country which policy makers must have incorporate in formation of economic policies and setting the targets before fiscal policy.
Methodological Aspects Concerning Evaluation of the Financial Stability of Companies in the Crisis Economy Conditions
Authors: Levkina Elena V , Lyalina Zhanna I , Kurasova Ekaterina A
Published: January 2021

The financial stability of a company is one of the most important criteria for assessing the situation of enterprises both for the current period and for subsequent periods of functioning. Of course, every enterprise wants to have business liquidity, otherwise the basis of entrepreneurship collapses; however, the purpose of doing business is to make a profit. An enterprise can make good profits, but at the same time have large liabilities, that is, debts. In this case, it is difficult to call the company financially stable. The onset of the economic crisis in the Russian Federation only prompts the conduct of such studies. Firstly, because it is necessary to understand how the situation in the country's economy as a whole affects a single enterprise, and secondly, what the prerequisites for this influence can be noticed in advance and how to try to prevent them. The relevance of this study lies in the fact that today in Russia there are a number of difficulties with assessing the status of organizations and their adequate comparison with reality. There are many different methods for assessing the financial condition and, in particular, the financial stability of a company. However, when choosing one of them, it is necessary to consider them in order to identify the shortcomings of their application to certain market conditions. Identification of these disadvantages of different theories will allow us to competently and reliably analyse the financial condition of various companies. It is also worth noting that this topic is relevant not only for the companies themselves. The presence of positive dynamics of financial stability indicators as an integral part of the financial condition of the enterprise is one of the most important bases of investment attractiveness. Therefore, not only a company itself is interested in such studies in the inside, but also other market entities from the outside.
Recognition and ranking of organizational performance management based on process-driven approach in state organization
Authors: Mohammadi Taghi , Bohlooli Nader , Beikzad Jafar , Rahimi Gholamreza
Published: January 2021

Performance evaluation and the presentation of a comprehensive performance model have always been considered as one of the important concerns of managers. The provision of a comprehensive performance model at the level of state organizations is a matter that has been investigated for many years. The main purpose of this study is recognition and ranking of organizational performance management based on process driven approach in state organizations. This model has been proposed in three dimensions: individual, group and organizational. For this purpose, first, the identification of components has been concerned. So, expert interview tool has been used. In the second part, 384 experts from state organizations were used to examine the fitness of the model. The results of examining of the fitness of the model illustrated that the final model has a suitable statistical fitness. Finally, in order to prioritize the components of the research, analytical hierarchy method and expert choice software were used. The results exhibited that the inconsistency rate at this stage was calculated at the level of 0.09, which indicates the suitability of pairwise of comparisons situation. Organizational factors with weight of 0.48, individual factors with weight of 0.3, and group factors with weight of 0.22 have the highest and lowest weight among the main dimensions respectively.
Model research of the pig’s microbiome based on “one health” concept in the light of the shared human and animal health
Authors: Satora Marta , Rząsa Anna , Rypuła Krzysztof , Płoneczka-Janeczko Katarzyna
Published: January 2021

The human microbiome in terms of the number of bacteria exceeds the number of cells in the human body. It is defined as an additional "forgotten organ" and plays a key role in maintaining a high health status, which is conditioned by the maintenance of certain proportions and natural relations between bacteria and cells of the host organism. New diagnostic methods can enable profiling not only the human microbiome, but also livestock. An innovative analytical method, which is next generation sequencing (NGS), is increasingly used in the study of the microbiome. Many bacteria are referred to as "uncultivated" or "non-culturable" and metagenomics has played an important role in detecting these bacteria and has contributed to the development of new media for their cultivation. The main application of NGS in microbiology is to replace the conventional characterization of pathogens based on the assessment of morphology, staining properties and metabolic traits with their genome related characteristics. There are several platforms i.e. "diagnostic tools" that use a variety of DNA sequencing technologies, among others Ion Torrent Personal Genome Machine (PGM), Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) and Illumina MiSeq. In the case of swine microbiome, studies of the microbiome with the use of modern sequencing technologies seem to be particularly interesting in the aspect of the upcoming, inevitable changes in preventive and therapeutic procedures in animals. Analyses of this type enable an in-depth assessment of the impact of specific factors on the population of intestinal microbes and learning how to "form" the composition of the microbiome in order to improve the quality of husbandry and to maintain the proper pig’s health status, integrate with the concept of the shared human and animal health.
An in silicodata miningof theammonium transporter gene familyin Ananas comosusL.
Authors: Marcos de Leão Renato , Graciele Hülse de Souza Silvia , Benedito dos Santos Tiago
Published: January 2021

Arguably, nitrogen (N) is an important and essential component for plant growth and development. Ammonium is a major inorganic nitrogen source for plants mobilized by ammonium transporter (AMT) among N available sources. In this study, data mining revealed that in theAnanas comosusL. genome was identified eight AMT family genes. The eight pineapple AcoAMT proteins were identified and phylogenetically clustered into two groups with AMT proteins from other plants. Two pairs ofAcoAMT(AcoAMTaandAcoAMTg) genes located on chromosome 1 and unchromosome appear to be segmental duplications. Based on this information, we conducted a comprehensive analysis using some bioinformatics tools to characterize the identified genes individually. The comprehensive analysis of AMT will provide an essential foundation for further investigation of the regulatory mechanisms ofAcoAMTsinA. comosusL.
Microalgae Growth under Mixotrophic Condition Using Agro-Industrial Waste: A Review
Authors: Pereira Izabel , Rangel Adriano , Chagas Bruna , de Moura Bruno , Urbano Stela , Sassi Roberto , Camara Fabiana , Castro Cíntia
Published: January 2021

Microalgae has a great potential to produce biofuels and bioproduct but the cost is still too high mainly due to the biomass production. Mixotrophic cultivation has been pointed as microalgae cultivation mode for biomass/bioenergy production with lower cost and able to make remediation of organic waste. The proposals of this work was to make a review of microalgae growth under mixotrophic condition using agro-industrial waste. Agro-industrial by-products and wastes are of great interest as cultivation medium for microorganisms because of their low cost, renewable nature, and abundance. However biotechnological technologies are necessary to develop the production of microalgae on a large scale.
Efficacy of Risk Reducing Diversification Portfolio Strategies among Agro-Pastoralists in Semi-Arid Area: A Modern Portfolio Theory Approach
Authors: T. Sewando Ponsian
Published: January 2021

Agro-pastoralists in the tropical semi-arid dryland areas of sub-Saharan Africa are significantly affected by climate change and variability. The agro-pastoral families are coping with production-related climatic risks through livelihood diversification to ensure food security. Data were collected from a sample of 411 agro-pastoralists across five districts in the semi-arid northern and central regions of Tanzania through survey conducted between November 2017 and July 2018. Secondary data regarding crop yields and livestock populations for eight years from 2009 to 2017 were collected from the National Bureau of Statistics and the respective District offices. Results show that about three-quarters of the agro-pastoralists managed diversified crop and livestock portfolios with two or more crops and animal species. However, simulated crop yields reveal positive correlations. Construction of integrated portfolios that generate good returns at a modest risk can be achieved through strategic choices between high-return high-risk and low-return low-risk crop and livestock activities. Thus, the paper recommends for costly long-term breeding and genotype improvement programs, strategically changing the make-up of the current crop and livestock portfolios which appear to be an affordable and tailored solution for building risk resilience among agro-pastoral communities in the drylands.
Solving Second-Order Differential Equations by Decomposition
Authors: Schwarz Fritz
Published: January 2021

The subject of this article are linear and quasilinear differential equations of second order that may be decomposed into a first-order component with guaranteed solution procedure for obtaining closed-form solutions. These are homogeneous or inhomogeneous linear components, special Riccati components, Bernoulli, Clairaut or d’Alembert components. Procedures are described how they may be determined and how solutions of the originally given second order equation may be obtained from them. This makes it possible to solve new classes of differential equations and opens up a new area of research. Applying decomposition to linear inhomogeneous equations a simple procedure for determining a special solution follows. It is not based on the method of variation of constants of Lagrange, and consequently does not require the knowledge of a fundamental system. Algorithms based on these results are implemented in the computer algebra system ALLTYPES which is available on the website www.alltypes.de.
Entry-Mode Selection and Firm’s Productivity across Market Destinations: An Empirical Investigation
Authors: Capolupo Rosa , Amendolagine Vito
Published: January 2021

This work aims at investigating the productivity premia of three alternative modes of internationalization for a panel of Italian manufacturing firms: FDI, international outsourcing, and exporting. By using simple regression tests we try to investigate whether and to what extent these modes of firm‘s entry into the foreign markets increase the productivity of firms at home. Surprisingly, our findings show that firms that self-select in engaging in exporting have the greatest productivity gains. The findings hold true even when we extend the analysis to geographical country penetrations.
Selecting Intermittent Fasting Type to Improve Health in Type 2 Diabetes: A Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Shazman Shula
Published: January 2021

Intermittent fasting (IF) is the cycling between periods of eating and fasting. The two most popular forms of IER are: the 5: 2 diet characterized by two consecutive or non-consecutive “fast” days and the alternate-day energy restriction, commonly called alternate-day fasting (ADF). The second form is time-restricted feeding (TRF), eating within specific time frames such as the most prevalent 16: 8 diet, with 16 hours of fasting and 8 hours for eating. It is already known that IF can bring about changes in metabolic parameters related with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Furthermore, IF can be effective in improving health by reducing metabolic disorders and age-related diseases. However, it is not clear yet whether the age at which fasting begins, gender and severity of T2D influence on the effectiveness of the different types of IF in reducing metabolic disorders. In this chapter I will present the risk factors of T2D, the different types of IF interventions and the research-based knowledge regarding the effect of IF on T2D. Furthermore, I will describe several machine learning approaches to provide a recommendation system which reveals a set of rules that can assist selecting a successful IF intervention for a personal case. Finally, I will discuss the question: Can we predict the optimal IF intervention for a prediabetes patient?
Veganism: A New Approach to Health
Authors: Z. Jovandaric Miljana
Published: January 2021

The word vegan was given by Donald Watson in 1944 in Leicester, England, who, together with several other members of the Vegetarian Society, wanted to establish a group of vegetarians who did not consume milk or dairy products. When the proposal was rejected, Watson and like-minded people founded The Vegan Society, which advocated a complete plant-based diet, excluding meat, fish, eggs, milk and dairy products (cheese, butter) and honey. Vegans do not wear fur items, wool, bone, goat, coral, pearl or any other material of animal origin. According to surveys, vegans make up between 0.2% and 1.3% of the US population and between 0.25% and 7% of the UK population. Vegan foods contain lower levels of cholesterol and fat than the usual diet.
Visual Identification of Inconsistency in Pattern
Authors: Honour Chika Nwagwu , Emmanuel Ukekwe , Celestine Ugwoke , Dora Ndoumbe , Okereke George
Published: January 2021

The visual identification of inconsistencies in patterns is an area in computing that has been understudied. While pattern visualisation exposes the relationships among identified regularities, it is still very important to identify inconsistencies (irregularities) in identified patterns. The significance of identifying inconsistencies for example in the growth pattern of children of a particular age will enhance early intervention such as dietary modifications for stunted children. It is described in this chapter, the need to have a system that identifies inconsistencies in identified pattern of a dataset. Also, techniques that enable the visual identification of inconsistencies in patterns such as fault tolerance and colour coding are described. Two approaches are presented in this chapter for visualising inconsistencies in patterns namely; visualising inconsistencies in objects with many attribute values and visual comparison of an investigated dataset with a case control dataset. These approaches are associated with tools which were developed by the authors of this chapter: Firstly, ConTra which allows its users to mine and analyse the contradictions in attribute values whose data does not abide by the mutual exclusion rule of the dataset. Secondly, Datax which mines missing data; enables the visualisation of the missingness and the identification of the associated patterns. Finally, WellGrowth which explores Children’s growth dataset by comparing an investigated dataset (data obtained from a Primary Health Centre) with a case control dataset (data from the website of World Health Organisation). Instances of inconsistencies as discovered in the explored datasets are discussed.
Can Turn-Taking Highlight the Nature of Non-Verbal Behavior: A Case Study
Authors: Mlakar Izidor , Rojc Matej , Verdonik Darinka , Majhenič Simona
Published: January 2021

The present research explores non-verbal behavior that accompanies the management of turns in naturally occurring conversations. To analyze turn management, we implemented the ISO 24617-2 multidimensional dialog act annotation scheme. The classification of the communicative intent of non-verbal behavior was performed with the annotation scheme for spontaneous authentic communication called the EVA annotation scheme. Both dialog acts and non-verbal communicative intent were observed according to their underlying nature and information exchange channel. Both concepts were divided into foreground and background expressions. We hypothesize that turn management dialog acts, being a background expression, co-occur with communication regulators, a class of non-verbal communicative intent, which are also of background nature. Our case analysis confirms this hypothesis. Furthermore, it reveals that another group of non-verbal communicative intent, the deictics, also often accompany turn management dialog acts. As deictics can be both foreground and background expressions, the premise that background non-verbal communicative intent is interlinked with background dialog acts is upheld. And when deictics were perceived as part of the foreground they co-occurred with foreground dialog acts. Therefore, dialog acts and non-verbal communicative intent share the same underlying nature, which implies a duality of the two concepts.
The Attitudes toward Female Genital Mutilation: A Survey among the Residents of Uramanat Region, Iran
Authors: Mahmoudi Osman , Hosseini Elham
Published: January 2021

Background: Female genital mutilation (FGM) refers to the removal of a part or the entire female genital organ, which is often performed by a local individual using a blade without any anesthetics. FGM is concentrated in some African countries, Asia, and the Middle East. Objective: The present study was conducted in Iran, where FGM is a religious practice and not considered a crime, aiming to evaluate the information, beliefs, and understanding of the phenomenon among the residents of Uramanat (Javanrood, Ravansar, Salas, and Paveh cities) and compare the differences in the responses of the residents. Methods: A questionnaire was distributed among the Uramanat residents of Kermanshah province, Iran. Data were collected on the age, marital status, attitude, and knowledge of FGM. Results: The survey was implemented among 250 residents of the Uramanat region, and 212 questionnaires (82.7%) were returned by 96 women (47%) and 109 men (54%). Notably, 66.8% of the female participants had been circumcised. The findings indicated that 81.04% of the male residents and 88.5% of the female residents believed that FGM is a religious practice. Only 8.1% of the female residents compared to 18.7% of the male residents considered FGM to be illegal. Although 78.8% of the male participants stated that their spouse was circumcised, the majority of the men (57.8%) preferred a wife with a healthy female genitalia. Conclusions: According to the results, there are numerous and confusing perspectives regarding FGM. The lack of specific rules and knowledge about the psychological, sexual, and physical effects of FGM lead to the continuation of this practice. Therefore, raising the awareness of various social groups about FGM and its complications could put an end to this inhuman issue.
Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity and Anti-Quorum Sensing of Rosmarinus Methanol Extract on Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Zarei Yazdeli Mohadeseh , Ghazaei Ciamak , Seyed Ebrahimi Seyed Alireza , Arfaatabar Maryam , Alipanah Hanieh , Noori Maryam
Published: January 2021

Background: The increasing infections caused by resistant P. aeruginosa strains originate from hospitals. Therefore, many efforts are being made to find new herbal compounds as suitable substitutes for antibiotics. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial and anti-quorum activity of Rosmarinus methanol extract on P. aeruginosa. Methods: This experimental study was performed on standard and clinical strains of P. aeruginosa. The methanolic extract of Rosmarinus was prepared by the Soxhlet method, and the antimicrobial activity of the extract was evaluated by diffusion method in wells and microdilution. We examined the effect of this extract on the antibiofilm activity, protease, and pyocyanin production of P. aeruginosa in order to investigate the anti-quorum sensing activity of methanolic extract of Rosmarinus. Via SPSS 17, we managed to conduct the statistical analysis. Results: The mean diameter of growth inhibition zone obtained from methanolic extract of rosemary at a concentration of 500 mg/ml on Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 18.5 mm, and the minimum inhibitory concentration of methanolic extract of rosemary was 125 mg / ml for bacteria. Extract at concentrations higher than 62.5 mg /ml prevented biofilm formation, protease, and the pyocyanin production of P. aeruginosa. Conclusions: The results of the present study can be a valuable report on their useful role in infection control because the methanol extracts of Rosmarinus had suitable antibacterial and anti-quorum sensing activity. It is suggested that more studies be conducted on the identification of antimicrobials as a suitable alternative for antibiotics in the treatment of diseases.
Fundamentalism Vs. Social Activism
Authors: Georgianna Sharon ,   Institute for Interdisciplinary Research
Published: January 2021

Before the advent of the Moral Majority, fundamentalists were noted for their absence from the socio-political arena. Though there were sporadic attempts, no fundamentalist social action organization had been successful until the Moral Majority came on the scene in 1979. Are Moral Majoritarians bothered by their recent involvement in social activism? What kinds of social action behaviors are they more likely to engage in? A questionnaire was sent to a random sample of Moral Majoritarians in a Midwestern Chapter to shed light on social action involvement It found that Moral Majoritarians prefer safe, democratic social behaviors to more radical actions, and that evangelism still takes priority over social activism.
Church and State in Nigeria
Authors: Aigbe Sunday A. ,   Institute for Interdisciplinary Research
Published: January 2021

This article examines the Christian factor as it relates to the socio-political responsibility and development in Nigeria, and postulates that the Churches in Nigeria fall into two major categories in relation to the state: Identificationism and Isolationism. The study contends that in order to adequately assess the specific roles the Churches play in nation-building, an institutional and functional definition of the Church is necessary. It concludes that the Churches do have a role to play in shaping the future of a nation, including prophetic referee, historico-cultural integrator, moral role model, social mobilizer, and spiritual and vocational mentor.
Karl Heim als diakonischer Denker
Authors: Schwarz Hans ,   Institute for Interdisciplinary Research
Published: January 2021

Anknüpfend an die erkenntnistheoretische und naturwissenschaftliche Krise stellt Karl Heim die Frage nach der Glauhensgewissheit: Die erkenntnistheoretische Unlösbarkeit der Frage nach der letiten, weltbewegenden Machtjuhrt alle Weltanschauungen in eine Aporie und stellt vor ein letztes "Entweder-Oder." Der Aufweis eines wirklichkeitsbestimmenden, nichtgegenständlichen Raumes und innerweltlicher Transzendenzverhältnisse eröffnet ein dynamisches Weltbild, innerhalb dessen der metaphysisch transzendente Daseinsraum Gottes die Wirklichkeit dimensional durchdringt (Allgegenwart), In scharfem Gegensatz zur menschlichen Selbstbestimmung im deutschen Idealismus wird Christi Herrschervollmacht herausgearbeitet, die einziges Fundament für menschliches Handeln ist: Als Offenbarer des Vaters besiegte Er in Tod und Auferstehung die widergöttlichen Mächte als die Verursacher alter Sunde.
Resilience of the territory: concept, measurement, governance
Authors: Zhikharevich B.S. , Klimanov V.V. , Maracha V.G.
Published: January 2021

The paper considers the problems of adequate interpretation of the term «resilience» in relation to the term «sustainable development» and offers a consistent holistic system of concepts based on the term «shock-resistance» (shoko-ustoychivost’), which allows discussing the problems of sustainable development and resilience in Russian (without mixing these terms) and provides an adequate translation of the relevant English terms. Based on the study of theoretical and methodological approaches and existing attempts to measure the resilience of cities and regions, the directions for creating a methodology for measuring resilience are proposed. The article describes the available Russian examples of measuring the resilience of regions a posteriori (based on the analysis of the behavior of indicators of socio-economic development during and after economic and budgetary crises) and a priori (based on the characteristics of the industry structure or risk resistance of the economic, social and governance subsystems of the region). A paradox is noted: in Russia, the facts of subsidization of the region and the backward structure of the economy are factors that increase the resilience. The ways of embedding mechanisms for increasing resilience in the system of strategic management of urban and regional development are shown. It is proposed to introduce resilience audit into management practice and create a regional (municipal) risk-management system and the position of a risk manager.
About Ernest L. Faibusovich
Authors: Tkachenko А.А.
Published: January 2021

The article describes the life path and contribution to science of Professor of Saint Petersburg State University of Economics, Doctor of Geographical Sciences E.L. Faibusovich. His loyalty to the chorological concept and to the unity of geography was noted. Teachers, closest friends and main collaborators are named. A list of the most important publications is given.
Motivating Adult Learners: Exploring the Emergence of Adult Business Students in an East Texas University
Authors: Luke Douglas , Justice Madeline
Published: January 2021

Adult enrollment in higher education institutions has grown significantly during the last decade, with students aged 25 and older attending 4-year institutions at higher rates than before.In the 21st century, few can improve their socioeconomic status or advance professionally without higher education. Colleges and universities must consider this diverse student population by identifying new modes of motivation for students to pursue degrees at 4-year institutions. Research suggests that universities focus on the new learners of higher education: nontraditional students who are motivated by their desire to learn and advance professionally. This study examined motivational factors and patterns of students who pursued degrees in accounting, finance, management, marketing, or general business programs at a university in Texas.The survey results indicated that most participants worked 31 to 40 hours per week, and one-third had incomes of $60,000 and above. The researchers found a statistical multivariate effect of income on motivation to pursue a degree; however, no statistical difference existed among gender, age, occupation, or program of study.
Latina Titans: A Journey ofInspiration
Authors: Menchaca Velma , Mills Shirley , Leo Filomena
Published: January 2021

This qualitative research examined the journey of renowned female leadership in higher education. Two top level Latina administrators of universities were interviewed extensively to discover their journey to leadership. The theoretical framework used was Latina critical race theory, feminist theory, and counter-storytelling. Themes that surfaced were strong supportive mother, fervent faith, humble beginnings, mentors, intelligence, and challenges not obstacles. These guiding themes serve as a path for Latinas who aspire to higher educational leadership positions.
Contributions of visual management to trend analysis
Authors: Felippe Alessandro Mateus , Rech Sandra Regina , Silveira Icléia
Published: January 2021

This text, an integral fragment of the ongoing master's research, has as main theme the theoretical-conceptual approach between trends and visual management, aiming to qualify the trend analysis method proposed by Dragt (2017) from principles and tools of visual management . In methodological terms, the article is designed in the moments of conceptualizing important terms through the Bibliographic Review, as well as the collection, reduction, categorization and interpretation of data via Qualitative Data Analysis. Furthermore, the text is classified as being of a basic, qualitative nature and with descriptive objectives. The results achieved demonstrate that the principles and tools of visual management add different advantages to the process, such as innovation, agility and encouraging the collaboration of the participants of those involved in the analysis of trends.
Visual management of audiovisual projects: improving the creative process of production design
Authors: Krupahtz Juliana , Ribeiro Leandro Werner , Teixeira Júlio Monteiro
Published: January 2021

The audiovisual project involves countless different professionals in actions that need to be coordinated. For these actions to be more fluid, visual project management can be used. This article aims to improve the scheme proposed by Krupahtz (2018) using visual project management. For this purpose, the areas of production design and visual project management were contextualized to make clear the interaction between them. As a methodological approach, it was used the Lemming method, by Teixeira (2018). As the result, there is the elaboration process of a visual model according to the method and it is described the creation of a visual panel that contemplates the pre-production phase, with a focus on production design. In the final considerations, it is made some suggestions for future works and presented some interesting potentials for research involving both areas.
Almanach świętokrzyski, tom V. Świętokrzyska era żelaza. Dzieje i udział w procesach rewolucji przemysłowej na ziemiach polskich
Authors: Nowak Alojzy Z.
Published: January 2021

Przebogata w czasie (ponad dwa tysiące lat) i treści historia fenomenu industrialnego, zwanego „świętokrzyską erą żelaza”, mieści w sobie wiele faz rozwojowych, obfitujących w wydarzenia techniczno-technologiczne oraz gospodarczo-społeczne. Jednakże, choćby tylko pobieżna próba ich sygnalizacji, wykracza poza ramy jednego, nawet opasłego, opracowania. Stąd inicjatorzy cyklu wydawniczego Almanach Świętokrzyski, skupieni wokół jego Rady Programowo-Naukowej oraz autorzy, redaktorzy i wydawca niniejszego tomu piątego, zgodnie wnioskowali o dokonanie próby pokazania kolejnych etapów i faz rozwoju tej ery w postaci następnych, chronologicznie wyznaczonych częściach lub tomach wydawniczych, w miarę możliwości ujednoliconych monograficznie opisywaną problematyką.
Exploring Readiness of SMEs for Industry 4.0
Authors: Grufman Natalie , Lyons Sinéad , Sneiders Eriks
Published: January 2021

Industry 4.0 is considered to be the fourth industrial revolution and involves virtual and physical systems that are interconnected and collaborate in an autonomous way. Industry 4.0 is a relatively new concept within computer science and raises interest on how to make use of technologies included in the concept and profit from them. This article investigates Industry 4.0 in the context of SMEs: the opportunities and challenges that Industry 4.0 poses upon SMEs, as well as readiness of SMEs for Industry 4.0 are considered. The data collection and analysis methods were literature review with grounded theory. In the result, the main challenges proved being of organizational nature: SMEs need help with company-specific strategies for implementing Industry 4.0; and SMEs need skilled employees. The opportunities are flexibility and openness to innovation, which are pertinent to SMEs; cloud computing; and public investments into technology and adoption of Industry 4.0 by companies. The readiness of SMEs for Industry 4.0 is still somewhat low – they are still learners.
The quantum phase transition in the Jaynes-Cummings lattice model and the Rabi lattice model
Authors: You Bing-Ling , Liu Xue-Ying , Cheng Shu-Jie , Wang Chen , Gao Xian-Long ,   Department of Physics, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
Published: January 2021

We use the mean field approximation method to study the quantum phase transitions of the Jaynes-Cummings lattice model and the Rabi lattice model. The effective Hamiltonians are obtained for the JC and Rabi model including the Kerr nonlinear term. Numerically we diagonalized the Hamiltonian matrix and calculated the superfluidity order parameter and the two-photon correlation function by solving the iteration equations.

We have explored the Mott insulating-superfluid quantum phase transition, the bunching-antibunching behavior of light, and the effect of Kerr nonlinear term on the quantum phase transition and photon statistical characteristics. Our results show that in the JC lattice model, by increasing J, a quantum phase transition takes place and the system is driven to a superfluid phase. The phase boundaries of the Mott lobes are N-dependent. However the photon will always be in a bunching statistical behavior irrelevant of the coupling strength between the two-level atom and the phonton and the nonlinear Kerr effect.

In the Rabi lattice model, the anti-rotating wave term breaks Mott-lobe structure of the phase diagram and the increase of the two-level atom and photon interaction strength g and the photon transition strength J between the lattices drive the system from the Mott insulating phase to the superfluid phase. The photon statistical behavior changes from the bunching to the antibunching one when considering the anti-rotating wave term, which is important in the strongly coupled systems. Most interestingly, the increase of the Kerr nonlinear coefficient will inhibit the Mott insulating phase-superfluid phase transition, but favor the superfluid phase and the transition from the bunching to anti-bunching statistics.