bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FEATURES OF FUNDING AND THE RESULTS OF THE ACTIVITIES OF HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF THE USA (1919 – 2019)
Authors:   Ryazan State Agrotechnological University named after P.A. Kostychev, MINAT V.N.
Published: November 2020

The purpose of the study is to identify trends that determine the dynamics and structure of funding for the US higher education system. The subject of this study is the dynamics and structure of funding for the US higher education system. The relevance of the topic of the article lies in the substantiation of possible threats to the use of financial instruments that have passed the path of evolutionary development in America. In accordance with the purpose, a retrospective assessment of these trends has been carried out over a long period of time. To analyze the vast theoretical and statistical material on the stated problems, such methodological techniques and tools as retrospective assessment, statistical and economic analysis, comparative assessment, generalizations, and the inductive method were used. The results obtained reflect not only the stages of spatio-temporal evolution in the development of the American higher education system, but also reveal indicators that make it possible to assess the effectiveness and efficiency of this system over a century of research. The identified trends highlight the contradictory nature of funding for universities in terms of efficiency and effectiveness. On the one hand, the instruments and results of funding reflect the distinct American way of combining centralization and decentralization in the evolutionary development of a complex higher education system. On the other hand, they confirm the worldwide, ambiguous in qualitative assessment, practice of financing universities - reducing the share of government spending by increasing private investment.
DIAGNOSTICS OF THE CURRENT STATE OF HEALTHCARE IN RUSSIA
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA, STARYKH N.P. , EGOROVA A.V. ,   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA
Published: November 2020

The purpose of the article is to analyze the current state of healthcare in Russia. Scientific novelty of the study: the authors suggest that the efficiency of the health care system depends on the state of such indicators of public health as life expectancy and healthy life expectancy. Life expectancy is an integrated demographic indicator that characterizes the number of years that a person would live on average, provided that the age-specific mortality rate of a generation would be at the level for which the indicator was calculated throughout life. The indicator ‘healthy life expectancy’ is formed by subtracting the number of years of unhealthy life (due to chronic diseases, disabilities, mental and behavioral disorders, etc.) from the life expectancy indicator. Results: the article presents an analysis of the current state of Russian healthcare based on statistical data provided by the Federal State Statistics Service, the World Health Organization, and world rankings. Attention is focused on the perceptions of Russians about the quality of medical services and Russian healthcare. Conclusions about the current state of health care in Russia are formulated by the authors, based on a secondary analysis of statistical data, as well as data from sociological research presented by leading Russian sociological centers.
PATTERNS OF ADOLESCENCE BEHAVIOR IN SOCIAL NETWORKS: CHOICE OF COMMUNICATION STRATEGY
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, SHCHERBAKOVA V.A.
Published: November 2020

The purpose of the article is to study the patterns of behavior of adolescents in social networks and identify the main target groups. Research methodology - the author carried out a quantitative study of a representative population of Russia aged 14 - 19, the sample of which was 505 people. The respondents were asked to answer the questions of the questionnaire, as well as to mark the statements with positive or negative load, with which they most agree. The statements were formed from pilot in-depth interviews with teenagers in which they talked about their typical use of social media. Based on the marked statements, as well as gender, age, involvement in social networks, areas of interest, and referential personalities for adolescents, respondents were profiled by segment. Factorial and cluster analysis was carried out to determine the segments. Research result - the article provides recommendations for working with target groups: targeting communication strategies increases the efficiency of communication between adolescents and organizations that form youth policy.
TRENDS AND PROSPECTS FOR THE EVOLUTION OF THE INSTITUTION OF POLITICAL PARTIES IN MODERN RUSSIA
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA, TSYBAKOV D.L.
Published: November 2020

The purpose of the article is to assess the nature of the evolution of the institution of political parties in post – Soviet Russia. The article substantiates that political parties continue to be one of the leading political institutions in the modern Russian Federation. The premature to recognize the functional incapacity of party institutions in the post-industrial/information society is noted. It is argued that political parties continue to be a link between society and state power, and retain the potential for targeted and regular influence on strategic directions of social development. The research methodology is based on the principles of consistency, which allowed us to analyze various sources of information and empirical data on trends and prospects for the evolution of the party system in the Russian Federation. As a result, the authors come to the conclusion that in Russian conditions the convergence of party elites with state bureaucracy is increasing, and there is a distance between political parties and civil society.
FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF REGIONAL INFORMATION SPACE ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE SARATOV REGION
Authors:   Povolzhsky Institute of Management named after P.A. Stolypin, Branch of RANEPA, BIRYULIN I.V. , SKOROKHODOVA O.S. ,   Povolzhsky Institute of Management named after P.A. Stolypin, Branch of RANEPA
Published: November 2020

The regional information space is formed under the influence of various, multidirectional processes. First of all, it’s about the influence of the federal information level, which largely sets the structure and basic principles of functioning. Nevertheless, despite the tendencies identified, in the course of the measurements carried out by the authors of the article, towards the verticalization of the regional information space relative to a single information source of the federal level, at the regional level there remains a sufficient number of information players and technical capabilities of a new type for significant adjustments and relatively independent information positions. The purpose of the article is to identify the features of the formation of a regional information space using the example of the Saratov region. To achieve this purpose, the authors used such scientific methods as: statistical method, content analysis of the information space, analytical method. The research area of this article is to analyze the regional information space. The research results are in conclusions about the specifics of the formation of the regional information space of the region, determination of the conditions for the effectiveness of communications between the government and society. Also, the authors offer their vision of a qualitative change in communicative practices for the formation of public opinion as a reference point in the management system.
Currículos escolares: saberes docentes na produção de materiais didáticos por professores da educação básica
Authors: Sousa de Moraes Bianca Gonçalves , De Moura da Rocha Natalia Collares , Gomes Maria Margarida
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo tem como principal objetivo compreender possíveis articulações entre os processos de produção de materiais didáticos elaborados e/ou utilizados por professores (as) da educação básica e seus saberes docentes. As análises empreendidas reforçam a ideia de que os saberes docentes são múltiplos e personalizados, refletindo a trajetória de vida, acadêmica e profissional, e permitindo a construção do ser docente de cada um. É notório o quanto esses saberes interferem no currículo escolar, já que levam a valorização de diferentes e novas abordagens curriculares que são concretizadas nos materiais didáticos.Palavras-chave: Currículos escolares; materiais didáticos; saberes docentes.    This article aims to understand possible links between the developed educational materials and/or its use by basic education teachers and their teaching knowledge. The analysis undertaken reinforce the idea that teaching knowledge are multiple and customized, reflecting the trajectory of life, academic and professional, and allowing the construction of being a teacher. It is clear how this knowledge interfere in the school curriculum, as lead to appreciation of different and new curricular approaches which can be observed in teaching materials.Key-words: School Curriculum; Teaching Materials; Teaching Knowledge.
Asymmetric sulfoxidation of thioether catalyzed by soybean pod peroxidase ：kinetic model
Authors: zhang yuanyuan , Li huiling , Wang zhiyong , Li depeng , Gao xin
Published: November 2020

The asymmetric sulfoxidation catalyzed by soybean pod peroxidase (SPP)
in water-in-oil microemulsions were carried out with the yield of
91.56% and e.e of 96.08% at the activity of SPP of 3200 U ml-1 and 50℃
for 5 h. The mechanism with a two-electron reduction of SPP-I is
accompanied with a single-electron transfer to SPP-I and nonenzymatic
reactions, indicating that three concomitant sub-mechanisms contribute
to the asymmetric oxidation involving five enzymatic and two
nonenzymatic reactions, which can represent the asymmetric sulfoxidation
of organic sulfides to form enantiopure sulfoxides. With 5.44% of the
average relative deviation, a kinetic model fitting experimental data
was developed. The enzymatic reactions may follow ping-pong mechanism
with substrate inhibition of H2O2 and product inhibition of
esomeprazole, while nonenzymatic reactions, a power law. Those results
indicate that SPP with a lower cost and higher thermal stability may be
used as an effective substitute for Horseradish Peroxidase.
Accurate determination of bubble size and expansion ratio for polymer foaming with non-isothermal PBB model
Authors: Ge Yukai , Fang Zhiying , Liu Tao
Published: November 2020

A non-isothermal pressure-balanced bubble-growth (PBB) model has been
proposed based on mass, momentum and energy conservation, which
additionally considered the decrease in the internal energy of gas due
to the work done by gas expansion in bubble. The model could accurately
predict the bubble size and expansion ratio for the melt foaming of four
polymers for a wide range of cell densities from 1.5×1013 to 1.9×1015
cells/m3. Furthermore, the simulation results indicate that the bubble
shell resisted bubble growth and consumed significant energy, preventing
the growth of some small nucleations. During the melt foaming process,
the energy cost of the linear polymer had a long-term effect, which
reduced the bubble size, while that of the long-chain branched polymer
had a short-term effect, thereby increasing the expansion ratio.
Finally, we defined the gas efficiency of the foaming agent to evaluate
the economic feasibility of the foaming agent in a foaming process.
Prognostic Value of Preoperative Inflammation Markers in Non-Muscle Invasıve Bladder Cancer
Authors: Yıldız Hüseyin Alperen , Deger Dogan , Aslan Guven
Published: November 2020

Purpose: To investigate the prediction values of the preoperative NLR,
LMR, PLR, MPV, RDW for recurrence and progression of patients with
non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Methods: In this prospective
study, 94 consecutive patients, newly diagnosed with NMIBC between July
2017 - August 2018 were included. The blood samples were collected from
patients before transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURB) and NLR,
LMR, PLR, RDW, MPV values were calculated. The effect of these
preoperative inflammatory parameters and other clinicopathological
parameters on recurrence and progression rates were evaluated.
Kaplan-Meier and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to
identify significant prognostic variables. Results: The mean follow-up
was 11 ± 6.4 months. Recurrence was observed in 35.1% and progression
was detected in 7.4% of the patients. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio was
statistically significantly associated with both recurrence (p = 0.01)
and progression (p = 0.035) whereas lymphocyte-monocyte ratio was only
associated with recurrence (p = 0.038). In the survival analyses, the
relationship between recurrence and LMR was confirmed in both univariate
(p = 0.021) and multivariate (p = 0.022) analyses. The relationship
between NLR and recurrence was confirmed in univariate analysis (p =
0.019), however in multivariate analysis was found to be statistically
insignificant (p = 0.051). Conclusions: Lymphocyte-monocyte ratio might
be an easy obtainable, non-invasive and cost-effective method for
predicting recurrence of disease in patients with non-muscle invasive
bladder cancer.
Effects of Adjuvant Low-Dye Kinesio Taping, Adjuvant Sham Taping, or Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy Alone in Plantar Fasciitis: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial
Authors: Bahar-Ozdemir Yeliz , ATAN TUĞBA
Published: November 2020

Aim Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) is known as one of the most
effective treatment methods in plantar fasciitis (PF). Low-dye taping,
which is the most preferred method of banding treatments, provides an
analgesic effect by correcting biomechanics. It was aimed to compare the
efficacy of adjuvant low-dye kinesio-taping (KT), sham-taping, or
extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) alone in plantar fasciitis (PF).
Methods In this double-blind, sham-controlled study, forty-five patients
with PF were randomized to 3-group (Group 1: ESWT plus low-dye KT, n=15;
Group 2: ESWT plus Sham-taping, n=15; and Group 3: ESWT only, n=15)
five-session ESWT were administrated. KT was performed and changed every
1-week for the ESWT sessions in Groups 1 and 2. The main outcome
measures were the visual analog scale (VAS) change, the heel tenderness
index (HTI), foot function index (FFI). The patients were evaluated at
the beginning and end of the treatment and the 4-week follow-up. Results
The demographic characteristics and baseline outcomes between groups
were similar (p>0.05). VAS and HTI changes were observed in
all three groups, there was no difference between groups.
Repeated-measures ANOVA showed a significant interaction between the
time and the groups in FFI-total (F3.919= 2.607; p=.043). At the 4-week
follow-up, when Groups 1 and 2 were evaluated, the lower FFI-total,
FFI-disability, and FFI-activity limitation were statistically
significant in Group 1 (p=0.027; p=0.026; p=0.029, respectively). When
Group 1 and 3 were compared, the decrease in FFI-pain and FFI-activity
limitation were significant in Group 1 (p=0.042; p=0.035, respectively).
Conclusions Low-dye KT, in addition to ESWT, is more effective than
sham-taping and ESWT in pain relief and foot function improvement due to
PF at a 4-week follow-up.
THE EFFECT OF TREATMENT ON CYTOKINE LEVELS IN NON MUSCLE INVASIVE BLADDER CANCER
Authors: Ucer Oktay , Temeltas Gokhan , Muezzinoglu Talha , Ari Zeki , Kosova Funda
Published: November 2020

Objectives The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of
treatment on IL-1, IL-6, IL-8 and neopterin levels in patients with
non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Methods Thirty patients with
NMIBC and 30 age-matched controls were included in the study.
Preoperative, postoperative first control (at two weeks after second
transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT)) and second control (at
the end of intravesical immunotherapy) blood samples were analyzed by
ELISA to determine IL-1, IL-6, IL-8 and neopterin levels. The mean
cytokine levels of the patients were statistically compared as well as
comparing the patients’ and controls’ levels. Results There were no
statistically significant differences between the mean IL-1, IL-6, IL-8
and neopterin levels of the patient and control group before initial
TURBT. In the patient group, there were no statistically significant
differences in the IL-6 and IL-8 levels after both TURBT and
intravesical BCG therapy. The mean of preoperative IL-1 and neopterin
levels significantly decrease after TURBT (p<0.05=). However
this reduction do not continue after intravesical BCG instillations.
Conclusions The finding of this study showed that the IL-1, IL-6, IL-8
and neopterin levels of the patients with NMIBC were similar to the
levels of healthy controls. The IL-1 and neopterin levels significantly
decreased after TURBT. But this reductions did not continue after
intravesical BCG instillation. These findings demonstrate that IL-1 and
neopterin levels decrease after TURBT due to the reduction of tumor
weight or tumor removal.
Circulating CD15+LOX-1+ PMN-MDSCs are a potential biomarker for the early diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Tian Xinyu , Wang Ting , Zheng Qisi , Tao Yue , Dai Lei , Shen Han
Published: November 2020

Aims: Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common clinical
lung cancer. Polymorphonuclear-myeloid derived suppressor cells
(PMN-MDSCs), which are the major population of MDSCs, are involved in
NSCLC progression. Recently, it was found that lectin-type oxidized LDL
receptor 1 (LOX-1) could identify humsn PMN-MDSCs. However, the role of
CD15+LOX-1+ PMN-MDSCs in NSCLC early diagnosis has not been revealed.
Here, we tried to confirm the application of the newly-identified
CD15+LOX-1+ PMN-MDSCs in the early diagnosis of NSCLC. Methods: Flow
cytometry (FCM) was used to detect the proportion of CD15+LOX-1+
PMN-MDSCs in the peripheral blood (PB) of healthy controls (HC) and
NSCLC patients. The correlation of CD15+LOX-1+ PMN-MDSC frequency with
levels of cytokeratin 19-fragments (CYFRA21-1), carcinoembryonic antigen
(CEA), and carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) was analyzed. Receiver
operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to estimate the diagnostic
efficacy of CD15+LOX-1+ PMN-MDSCs for NSCLC. Additionally, the
association of CD15+LOX-1+ PMN-MDSC frequency with NSCLC
prognosis/recurrence after surgery was explored. Results: The proportion
of CD15+LOX-1+ PMN-MDSCs increased in PB of NSCLC patients. CD15+LOX-1+
PMN-MDSC proportion was positively correlated with levels of CEA and
CYFRA21-1. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of PMN-MDSC percentage was
higher than CYFRA21-1, CEA and CA125. The proportion of CD15+LOX-1+
PMN-MDSCs decreased in patients after surgery. The frequency of
CD15+LOX-1+ PMN-MDSCs was lower in NSCLC patients without recurrence
compared to those with recurrence after surgery. Conclusions:
Circulating CD15+LOX-1+ PMN-MDSCs are a potential diagnostic marker for
NSCLC, and are associated with NSCLC prognosis and recurrence after
surgery.
Mass Transfer Assessment in Extraction of La(III) and Ce(III) Ions Using Rotating Scheibel Column with Regular Packing
Authors: Asadollahzadeh Mehdi , Torkaman Rezvan , Torab-Mostaedi Meisam , Saremi Mojtaba
Published: November 2020

In this study, the Scheibel column with the regular packing structure
was investigated in the extraction process of lanthanum and cerium ions.
Mass transfer coefficients identified the column performance in the
transport stage of La(III) and Ce(III) from the aqueous phase to the
organic phase. The variations in operating conditions were investigated
to optimize the extraction of ions. The backflow model (BFM), axial
dispersion model (ADM), and forward mixing model (FMM) were investigated
to evaluate the mass transfer performance. The result showed that the
description of the volumetric overall mass transfer coefficient with
forward mixing model is more significant than two other models. The
medium of average absolute relative error obtained by the FMM model is
~4.45% and ~18.40% (lanthanum
extraction) and ~10.75% and ~14.99%
(cerium extraction) for continuous and dispersed phase, respectively. It
indicated that the applied model has a remarkable accuracy for
description of mass transfer performance
Freshwater turtle by-catch from angling in New Brunswick, Canada
Authors: Browne Constance L. , Sullivan S. Andrew , McAlpine Donald F.
Published: November 2020

Turtles are among the most threatened vertebrate taxa, with populations especially vulnerable to any increase in adult mortality. By-catch from freshwater angling, as a potential cause of turtle mortality is poorly documented and little understood. Here we document cases of turtle by-catch by recreational anglers in an urban park in New Brunswick and among the wider angling communities in the province. We also consider factors that may influence rates of hooking. Although we are unable to estimate turtle hooking frequency for the provincial recreational angling community as a whole, five of 75 (~7%) anglers interviewed in the urban park reported interactions with a turtle, with most reported incidents (75%) involving hooking. Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) seem to be more prone to hooking than Eastern Painted Turtles (Chrysemys picta picta). Although we conclude that turtle hooking by recreational anglers appears to be generally uncommon in New Brunswick, even apparently low by-catch rates may be sufficient to lead to population declines at heavily fished sites. The collection of additional data on turtle by-catch in the recreational fishery in Canada is warranted.
Potential case of pseudo-hermaphroditism in Elk (Cervus canadensis) in Alberta, Canada
Authors: Normandeau Jacalyn , Martin Hans , Merrill Evelyn H. , Hebblewhite Mark
Published: November 2020

Cases of true and pseudo-hermaphroditism, in which animals possess both ovaries and testes or have a single chromosomal and gonadal sex but secondary features of the other sex, have been documented in several cervids, including Odocoileus (deer) and Capreolus (roe deer) species. Another form of intersexuality that has been well documented in Domestic Cattle (Bos taurus) and induced in Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) is freemartinism, where blood is shared between heterosexual twins leading to XX/XY chimeras. We report the first case of pseudo-hermaphroditism in wild Elk (Cervus canadensis), observed in the central east slopes of the Rocky Mountains of Alberta, Canada, from September through December 2019. The Elk had no antlers, exhibited female external genitalia, and displayed male secondary sexual characteristics, including colouring and breeding behaviour. To determine whether this is a case of true hermaphroditism, pseudo-hermaphroditism, or freemartinism would require blood analysis and inspection of internal sex organs by necropsy.
Large winter falcons and their Rock Pigeon (Columba livia) prey at an urban grain terminal in Edmonton, Alberta: an update
Authors: Lynds Marissa , Card Jamie , Hedstrom Hayley , Delaney Don , Court Gordon , Acorn John
Published: November 2020

In winter, Gyrfalcon (Falco rusticolus) and Prairie Falcon (Falco mexicanus) frequent a 96-year-old grain terminal, in Edmonton, Alberta, hunting Rock Pigeon (Columba livia). This phenomenon was reviewed shortly after it was first noticed by others in 1998 and, since then, we have observed hunting success and methods of Gyrfalcons and Prairie Falcons that were similar but not identical to earlier observations, with success rates of 21.0% and 10.6%, respectively, compared with 10.6% and 26.0% earlier. The most frequently observed hunting strategy for both species was a repeated upward attack on swirling Rock Pigeon flocks, resulting in success rates of 10.7% and 11.4%, respectively. Notably, 50% of downward dive hunts made by Gyrfalcon were successful, although only eight hunts using this method were recorded. The falcons were mildly selective with respect to pigeon colour morphs, with an apparent preference for pied colouration. Contrary to previous interpretations, Rock Pigeon do not appear to eat spilled grain on the building to any great extent; instead, the terminal may simply provide abundant roosting sites, which attain surface temperatures roughly 10°C warmer than ambient on sunny days and at temperatures below −20°C when the building is warmed internally.
Cougar (Puma concolor) predation on Northern Mountain Caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) in central British Columbia
Authors: White Shane C. , Shores Carolyn R. , DeGroot Leo
Published: November 2020

Caribou (Rangifer tarandus) populations are sympatric with Cougars (Puma concolor) in only a few areas, primarily in western Canada. Records of Cougar–Caribou interactions are limited and no published accounts describe Cougar predation on the shallow-snow, terrestrial-lichen-eating Northern Mountain Caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou), referred to as Designatable Unit (DU) 7 by the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. In 2018 and 2019, two incidents of confirmed Cougar predation on radio-collared Caribou were documented in the declining Itcha-Ilgachuz subpopulation in west-central British Columbia. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first published record of Cougar predation on DU7 Northern Mountain Caribou. Increased landscape disturbance and climate change may be increasing apparent competition between deer (Odocoileus spp.), feral Horses (Equus ferus caballus), and Caribou, leading to Cougar predation in areas of Caribou range where it previously has not been documented. Cougar predation may become a conservation concern, as declining Caribou herds are susceptible to any increased predation pressure.
The increasing efficiency of upflow clarifiers at the drinking water preparation
Authors: Dushkin Stanislav , Martynov Serhii , Dushkin Stanislav
Published: December 2020

The article discusses the use of concentrated coagulant aluminum sulfate
solution to increase the efficiency of upflow clarifiers for drinking water
preparation. The water treatment using coagulants from roughly dispersed and
colloidal contaminants is one of the most common methods. However, the
reagent consumption is quite significant under adverse coagulation
conditions (insufficient alkalinity, high chromaticity, and low water
temperature), therefore this method requires improvement. It was established
that the considered method for the increasing efficiency of upflow
clarifiers of water supply systems at drinking water preparation by using
the concentrated solution of aluminum sulfate coagulant can reduce the
reagent consumption by an average of 15-20%, to improve the water treatment
quality and to increase the treatment setups productivity. Therefore, the
actual tasks are to study the features of the coagulation process and the
influence of various factors for the natural water treatment quality and the
scientific improvement and technological regime choice elaboration for water
treatment in upflow clarifiers with the concentrated coagulant solution
using.
Integrasi SIG dan Penginderaan Jauh Untuk Pemetaan Tingkat Kerawanan Kebakaran Lahan di Lampung Utara
Authors: Feriansyah Taufiq , Febriani Rindy , Norcela Pitry Dwiatika , Elvira Wayan Vinna , Gayatri Retno , Hary Ryas , Muchliana Sarah Safira , Nahar Nurul
Published: November 2020

Kebakaran hutan merupakan salah satu bentuk gangguan yang makin sering terjadi. Dampak negatif yang ditimbulkan oleh kebakaran hutan cukup besar mencakup kerusakan ekologis, menurunnya keanekaragaman hayati, merosotnya nilai ekonomi hutan dan produktivitas tanah, perubahan iklim mikro maupun global, dan asapnya mengganggu kesehatan masyarakat serta mengganggu transportasi baik darat, sungai, danau, laut dan udara. Secara umum metode yang digunakan untuk melakukan penelitian kerawanan kebakaran hutan dan lahan terdiri dari 7 parameter yaitu curah hujan, suhu, aksesibilitas jalan, aksesibilitas sungai, kepadatan hotspot temporal tahun 2019, tutupan/penggunaan lahan, dan peruntukan lahan. Yang kemudian akan dilakukan proses pembobotan menggunakan fitur Weighted Overlay dengan penilaian influen dan pengkelasan masing-masing parameter. Pada penelitian ini digunakan alat dan bahan yaitu software ArcGIS, citra Landsat 8, dan data RBI. Dari hasil overlay yang dilakukan pada 7 parameter, dihasilkan peta kerawanan kebakaran yaitu dengan kelas tidak rawan, sedang, dan sangat rawan. Dengan didapatkannya peta kerawanan kebakaran hutan dan lahan ini akan dapat diketahui masing-masing kerawanan kebakaran wilayah ataupun lahan.
Aplikasi SIG Untuk Pemetaan Zona Tingkat Bahaya Dan Keterpaparan Pemukiman Terhadap Tsunami Kota Denpasar
Authors: Dewi Pegita Urmala , Oktaviana  , Wahdini Mila , Prasiamratri Naira , Alghifarry Muhammad Budzar , Utami Nur Aulia
Published: November 2020

Denpasar adalah ibukota provinsi Bali termasuk dalam wilayah terindikasi rawan tsunami karena berada didekat pinggir pantai serta memiliki ketinggian dan kemiringan yang relative kecil kepermukaan laut. Pemukiman merupakan aset wilayah yang harus dijaga. Sehingga zona keterpaparan pemukiman terhadap bahaya tsunami dibutuhkan guna memberikan informasi pada penduduk yang tinggal di kota tersebut. Tingkatan keterpaparan dilihat berdasarkan hazard dan element at risk. hazard  ini dilihat berdasarkan jarakdari garis pantai, ketinggian, jarak dari sungai, dan juga kemiringan lereng dari daerah Denpasar ini, sedangkan Element at risk atau elemen yang terkena bencana tsunami nya ialah pemukiman. Pemetaan menggunakan teknik overlay, metode skoring dan pembobotan menggunakan software ArcMap 10.3 sebagai pendekatan berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahaya didominasi  tingkat sedang dan tinggi. tingkat keterpaparan tsunami pada pemukiman di kota Denpasar ini didominasi oleh tingkat keterpaparan sedang hingga tinggi dengan luas 3,46 km2 atau 27,21% dari luas Kota Denpasar dan terpusat di Kec. Denpasar Timur (25,14 km2) dan Kec. Denpasar Barat (15,02 km2). Selain itu,  pemukiman dengan keterpaparan tinggi yakni di Kec. Denpasar Selatan dengan luas 16,80 km2. Dikarenakan wilayah ketinggian yang rendah dan jarak dengan pantai  dekat.
Zonasi Distribusi Tanaman Hutan di Taman Nasional Gunung Semeru Berdasarkan Integrasi Nilai Indeks Vegetasi dan Digital Elevation Model
Authors: Anesta Aqilla Fitdhea , Fatman Angga Febry , Sugandi Mamad
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini menggunakan ilmu penginderaan jauh, yang mana memungkinkan kita dapat melakukan penelitian tanpa harus datang langsung ke lokasi dan diharapkan mendapatkan data yang memiliki cakupan yang luas dari citra satelit. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui persebaran vegetasi berdasarkan ketinggian tempat dan nilai indeks vegetasi pada TN-BTS. Data dalam penelitian ini adalah citra Landsat 8 bulan November 2019 dan data ketinggian dari DEMNAS. Data tersebut diolah dengan menggunakan Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) dan reklasifikasi ketinggian kedalam tiga zona ketinggian, antara lain sub-montana, montana dan sub-alpin. Integrasi kedua data tersebut akan menghasilkan peta distribusi tanaman hutan terhadap ketiga zona ketinggian. Studi menunjukkan bahwa semakin bertambahnya ketinggian tempat akan diikuti dengan pengurangan nilai NDVI. Ini menunjukkan bahwa berkurangnya vegetasi baik kerapatan, jenis dan kualitas tumbuhnya. Demikian halnya dengan semakin rendah suatu ketinggian tempat akan diikuti dengan tingginya nilai NDVI dan vegetasi yang nampak akan lebih rapat dan lebih beragam jenisnya. Tetapi, nilai NDVI hanya mempunyai sedikit pengaruh terhadap zonasi ketinggian. Hasil yang diharapkan dari studi ini adalah menunjukkan karakteristik utuh dari hubungan NDVI dengan ketinggian pada ketiga zona yang dikaji.
Aplikasi Citra Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS Dalam Mengidentifikasi Alterasi Hidrotermal Skala Regional; Studi Kasus Kecamatan Suoh dan Bandar Negeri Suoh
Authors: Nurrochman Arsy , Febriani Rindy , Yuliatama Vivi Putri
Published: November 2020

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai eksplorasi geothermal menggunakan Remote Sensing atau penginderaan jauh. Secara umum, penginderaan jauh merupakan metode yang dilakukan untuk mengumpulkan data atau  informasi  tanpa perlu menyentuh objek yang akan diteliti. Remote sensing dilakukan dengan menggunakan foto udara ataupun dengan menggunakan citra satelit seperti Landsat-8, ALOS PALSAR, Radar, dan Sentinel. Penginderaan jauh sering digunakan dalam eksplorasi geothermal karena memiliki keunggulan yang dapat mengakses hingga ke daerah terpencil dan tidak memerlukan biaya yang besar. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan Citra Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS yang bertujuan untuk memetakan daerah alterasi hidrotermal secara regional dengan studi kasus Suoh, Lampung Barat. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara memproses beberapa band dengan memiliki rentang pixel yang dapat merepresentasikan mineral alterasi mineral hidrotermal pada daerah penelitian.  Di daerah penelitian, mineral alterasi tersebut terdeteksi dengan warna kuning – orange pada citra komposit 4/2, 6/7, 5 dan 10, dengan menggunakan metode density slicing. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan luas daerah dengan batuan teralterasi hidrotermal mencapai 223H.
Identifikasi Potensi Mineral Tambang di Daerah Tanggamus Menggunakan Citra Landsat 8
Authors: Alghifarry Muhammad Budzar , Wahdini Mila , Oktaviana  , Anestatia Ade Irma
Published: November 2020

Kabupaten Tanggamus mempunyai topografi tempat yang variatif, hal ini dikarenakan adanya variasi antara dataran rendah dan tinggi, hal ini normal dikarenakan Tanggamus sendiri adalah wilayah yang sebagian besar  wilayah perbukitan dan pegunungan. Potensi SDA milik Kabupaten Tanggamus rata-rata dipakai guna aktivitas bertani dan bercocok tanam. Namun sebenarnya masih ada beberapa SDA  lainnya yang berpotensi bila dikembangkan antara lain; pertambangan mineral emas, galian tambang seperti marmer dan granit. Selain itu juga terdapat geyser dan geothermal yang memiliki kemungkinan untuk dapat berkembang jadi pembangkit energi listrik alternatif.    Kegiatan eksplorasi tambang banyak dilakukan di lapangan. Dimana pada tahap pemetaan lapangan mempunyai beberapa kendala yaitu memerlukan tenaga, biaya, dan waktu yang banyak maka dari itu, diperlukan sebuah metode guna mempermudah eksplorasi tambang yakni dengan cara penginderaan jauh. Tujuan penelitian ini di antaranya ialah memetakan serta mengukur luasan dari potensi mineralisasi emas pada Kabupaten Tanggamus dengan cara diketahuinya zona alterasi hidrotermal menggunakan metode kelurusan (lineament) dan penisbahan salurn (band ratios) yang ada di lokasi penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini ialah untuk memperoleh potensi mineralisasi tambang yang tersebar di sekitar wilayah kabupaten Tanggamus.
Phosphate Solubilizing Microorganisms for Cereal Production in Adamawa (Cameroon)
Authors: Maimouna A. , Tchuenteu T. L. , Nwaga D. , Nguetnkam J. P. , Megueni C.
Published: November 2020

Phosphorus is usually a limiting factor of acidic tropical soil and limited by the low availability and high cost. The present study aimed to evaluate the interaction of Hangloa vivianite (as phosphorus supply), the selected Mycorrhizal fungi strains (M) and Phosphate Solubilizing Microorganisms (PSM) on maize production in the Adamawa Region of Cameroon. An experimental design with 15 combinations of bacteria strains (B), ( BGL12 as B1, SSL9 as B2, BNBL17 as B3, RBNBL5 as B4, and the combinations of these singles strains, namely B1B2, B1B3, B1B4, B2B3, B2B4, B3B4, B1B2B3, B1B2B4, B1B3B4, B2B3B4, B1B2B3B4) and 05 inputs (mycorrhiza (M), Rock Phosphate (RP) and mixture of M with RP (RP+M)), negative control (C-) and positive control (C+)) was used. After four months of growth, nutrients (Phosphorus and Nitrogen) content and grain yield were assessed. Results indicated that total phosphorus content of M, RP and RP+M plants were 2.42, 2.11 and 4.00 fold higher than that of unfertilized plants. M, RP and RP+M increased maize seeds yield by 26.20%, 26.89% and 165.51% relative to negative control. The benefit of the selected PSM with Mycorrhizal fungi strains (246.76% for N; 216.34% for P) and with the Rock Phosphate (314.23% for N; 167.26% for P) was more pronounced with the combination of RP+M (1030.45% for N and 967.31% for P). These results showed that PSM associated with Mycorrhiza can be used as inoculants to improve the efficiency of vivianite as phosphate fertilizer for sustainable maize production under Sudano-Guinean Climate of Adamawa Cameroon region.
Toxoplasma gondii In Morocco And Palestine: General Review
Authors: Dardona Zuhair , Ben Alla Safa , Hafidi Mohamed , Boumezzough Ali , Boussaa Samia
Published: November 2020

Toxoplasma gondii is a ubiquitous intracellular parasite, which is commonly known to infect all warm-blooded animals. Almost 30 % of the world’s human population is infected with this parasite, though the infection varies depending on the region and ethnic group. Also, almost half of pregnant women in Morocco and one-third in Palestine have been infected with toxoplasmosis. Several studies have been conducted in order to estimate the prevalence of this parasite among pregnant women in Morocco and Palestine. However, studies revolving around the occurrence of this parasite among livestock and the environment in Palestine and Morocco are inadequate. This review will shed light on the underlying risk factors associated with the prevalence of this parasite by drawing on a comparison between the occurrence of toxoplasmosis in two different countries. It also intends on increasing the awareness and knowledge regarding this parasite among the general population. Nonetheless, Congenital toxoplasmosis as well as the seroprevalence of Toxoplasmosis among women who have undergone abortion still need to be studied further, particularly in Morocco.
Effects of Cytokinin on in vitro Propagation of Bauhinia variegata L.
Authors: Singh Belai Meeta Suwal
Published: November 2020

Mature seeds of Bauhinia variegata L were cultured on half strength Murashige and Skoog medium. For experimentation, nodal cuttings were used as explants from in vitro growing plants. Cytokinin, N-benzyl-9-(2-tetrahydropyranyl) (BPA), kinetin(6-furfurylaminopurine), zeatin, 6-(4-hydroxy-3-methyl-trans -2-butenyl amino purine), 2- isopentenyl amino purine (2-ip), and benzylaminopurine (BAP) were tested for best propagation. Well grown plants were achieved in medium supplemented with 5 µM BPA and 0.5 µM BAP. The propagated plants were acclimatized very well after transferred to the field.
Comparison for the Efficacy of Column Purified Fractions of Sinna occidentalis and Moringa oleifera against Bulinus globosus (Intermediate Host of Schistosoma haematobium) from Goronyo and Shagari Dams, Sokoto State, Nigeria
Authors: Suleiman J. , Muhammad M. T. , Lema S. Y. , Abdullahi A.
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Although, used of molluscicides to control the intermediate host of schistosomes is the best method of choice to control the spread of the snail fever among the people, synthetic molluscicides widely used are cost effective, not available and toxic to the aquatic lives and people that are completely or partially dependents on rivers or lakes water for their everyday supplement.

Aim: this research was aimed at investigation and comparison for the molluscicidal efficacy for S. occidentalis and M. oleifera leaves extracts against B. globosus (intermediate host of Schistosoma haematobium).

Methodology: Each of the plant was grinded into powder and purified through column using different solvents, B. globosus snails were collected from Shagari and Goronyo dams; we identified the animal using chart initially, later on the animals were confirmed as B. globosus by malacologist from Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Nigeria; the Molluscicidal efficacy of the plants was tested against B. globosus and compared according to world health organization guidelines; mortality was calculated using Abbort’s formula and analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine if there is significant different between the mean mortality at P<0.05; qualitative Phytochemical analysis was conducted to determine the chemicals presence in each plant and their combination.

Results: Present study reviled that fractions of the leaves combination showed significantly higher mortality of B. globosus in the present study followed by Fractions of S. occidentalis then that of M. oleifera. For the plants combination, extracts purified using methanol are highly toxic followed by fractions purified using hexane, then ethyl acetate fractions and least Molluscicidal potential was recorded in the fractions obtained using ethanol. S. occidentalis fractions of hexane were highly toxic followed by fractions of methanol, then fractions of ethyl acetate and least mortality was recorded from the fractions of ethanol. Similarly, for the M. oleifera, it was observed that, fractions of Methanol were highly toxic followed by hexane fractions then ethanol fractions and least mortality was observed in the fractions of ethyl acetate.

Conclusion: Column purified fractions for the combination for two plants leaves were highly potent for the control of B. globosus followed by S. occidentalis then M. oleifera.
Optimal Design of Power Transformer with Advance Core Material using ANSYS Technique
Authors: Urooj Shabana , Singh Tanya , Amir Mohammad , Tariq Mohd
Published: November 2020

Due to indulge behavior of core materials and losses that leads to degradation of transformer efficiency. This research paper evaluating the optimal performance of transformer with designing of a newly core material namely as Mo.Me6. A possibility of increment in the efficiency for designed proposed model of transformer is observable. Also, a comparative analytical study based on the different designs of core type transformer with various core materials. The design and evaluation are performed on the Maxwell ANSYS electronic desktop platform, which provides an optimized design of transformer for practical applications. Whether it is a power transformer having lower frequency applications use in electronic circuits such as rectifying circuits or higher frequency applications power distribution circuit, etc. All transformer designs require performance evaluation in the working field and better efficiency to optimize the overall three-phase type core transformer. In this paper, proposed Mo.Me6 material with improved physical properties have been present of transformer efficiency and optimal design of core. The criteria include the changes in some effective parameters of the core, bringing out advancement in the working efficiency of the transformer. There is an opportunity to have a choice of desired material as designed particularly for the customer need making it will be more reliable and more suitable for various changeable conditions. For more efficient and effective working of transformer, this paper suggests core design with ANSYS techniques to achieve mentioned high efficiency with lower losses.
Deployment of Vanets Infrastructure to Aid Road Transport Systems in Developing Countries
Authors: Konyeha S. , Osa E.
Published: November 2020

This work proposes the adoption of Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network (VANET) into the Road Transport system of developing countries. There are myriads of challenges to road transportation in developing countries which include poor state of roads, poor maintenance of roads, road congestions amongst others. The negative impacts of these developments could be very devastating on human lives as well as the economy of the nations concerned. Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSs) which involve the integration of modern communication and information technology into existing transportation systems for real time monitoring of traffic in order to alleviate traffic congestion, incidents, public health issues, etc. Utilizing VANET communication infrastructure will enable ITSs to improve safety of commuters on the roads and minimize traffic congestion, waiting times, fuel consumption, and emissions. The situation in the Nigerian State is considered.
Organic Weed Control Measures for Nigerian Cropping System
Authors: Ansa Joseph E. O. , Wiro Kingsley O.
Published: November 2020

The need for sustainability has been the focus of every country especially developing countries of which Nigeria belongs. Population increases at an uncontrollable dimension and the provision of food for the populace becomes paramount. The productivity of crops is seriously hampered due to influence of weds which reduce the quantity and quality of plants by affecting plants growth, development and yield. Weeds reduce crops performance by as much as 80% in an uncontrolled situation. To increase crops yield and control weeds, synthetic substances like inorganic fertilizers, pesticides and herbicides were introduced into Nigerian cropping system. These off-farm-inputs caused soil degradation, soil compartment, soil pollution and environmental hazard as well as life uncertainty (insecurity) as herbicides enter water bodies and affect animals and human when such polluted underground water is used. Research on more efficient and effective means of saving the soil from destruction and adequate weed control measures gave rise to organic farming. The emergence of organic weed control is geared towards the effective control of weeds with environmental consideration and soil enrichment. Many organic weed control measures have been identified in Nigerian cropping system to include: use of cover crops, use of green manure, use of crop rotation, use of soil fauna, tillage, use of allelopathic plants, use of farmyard manures and biofertilizers. It was recommended that for increased food production to be achieved, organic farming system should be adopted, government at all levels should give more attention to the training of more personnel who will adequately control weeds, organic weed control measures should be advocated (encouraged) and there should be enlightenment for the Nigerian farmers on the need to adopt organic weed control measures in their cropping system for increased crop productivity.
Physicochemical Properties and Fatty Acid Profile of African Elemi Fruit Pulp Oil Compared with Palm Kernel Oil
Authors: Kiin-Kabari D. B. , Umunna P. S. , Giami S. Y.
Published: November 2020

African elemi (Canarium schweinfurthii) fruit pulp oil was extracted and refined which yielded 39.5% oil. It was characterized for its physical, chemical, phytochemical properties and fatty acid profile in comparison with palm kernel oil (PKO). The result for physical properties revealed that there was no significant difference in the density, refractive index, and flash point of the oils. African elemi fruit pulp oil (AEO) had significantly (p>0.05) higher slip melting point and viscosity while significantly (p<0.05) lower smoke point and fire point. Chemical properties of the oils such as iodine, acid value, unsaponifiable matter and free fatty acids were significantly (p>0.05) higher in AEO with the values of 76.79 g/100 g, 0.94 mg KOH/g, 1.32 and 0.58%, respectively and significantly (p<0.05) lower in saponification and peroxide values, 155.47 mg KOH/g and 1.06 meq/kg, respectively compared to the values obtained for the PKO. Saturated fatty acid profile of AEO had the values of 9.44, 32.24 and 2.63% for myristic (C14:0), stearic acid (C18:0) and palmitic acid (C16:0) while PKO had the values of 48.00, 16.20, 2.50 and 8.40% for lauric (C12:0), myristic (C14:0), stearic acid (C18:0) and palmitic acid (C16:0), respectively. The monounsaturated fatty acids were oleic acid (C18:1) 30.24% for AEO and 15.0% for PKO making oleic acid the highest occurring monounsaturated fatty acids present in AEO. Thus, lauric acid (C12:0) and linoleic (C18:2) was not dictated in AEO while gadoleic (C20:1) was not dictated in PKO. Flavonoids, tannins, saponins, phytates and alkaloids had the values of 0.29, 0.33, 0.13, 0.13 and 0.74% for AEO and 0.32, 0.12, 0.24, 0.11 and 0.07% for PKO, respectively and all were within the acceptable limit of 3% for food products with respect to the phytochemical properties of the oils. The result for solid fat content - temperature profile revealed that PKO and AEO completely melted at 35 °C and 45 °C, respectively.