bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ész és szív összjátéka
Authors: Tisza Kata
Published: January 2016

A konvenciókkal szembeszáll, öntörvényű és értékközpontú, racionális és intuitív egyszerre, így jellemzik kortársai. A lehetetlenbe is belevág, nem érzi kockázatosnak. Andalogni nem lehet mellette, repülni kell. Ehhez adódik a friss füge, amit találkozásainkkor a kertjéből hoz. Meg a csokorba szedett levendula. A maga készítette szörp és aprósütemény. Váratlan meglepetései tovább árnyalják a jelentést, ahogy kiválik a cím mögül az ember. A teret betöltik közös elmélkedéseink az időről s annak mágiájáról, hogy miként is lehetne a megfoghatatlant a tudomány eszközeivel mégiscsak megfogni.
Loan efficiency in the Visegrad countries
Authors: Kočišová Kristína
Published: January 2016

Financial markets in the Visegrad countries have undergone several changes in lending business over the past decade. This study evaluates the efficiency of the largest commercial banks by focusing on their lending decisions using Data Envelopment Analysis. First, we define the concept of efficiency, then we analyse loan efficiency between 2007 and 2013. The results indicate that average efficiency declined. When we studied the loan efficiency in each country separately, we found that Hungarian banks had the lowest efficiency while the highest efficiency was achieved mainly by Czech banks. The results of the study also suggest that efficiency is positively related to profitability and capital adequacy, and negatively related to the share of non-performing loans, which confirms the bad management hypothesis.
Ukraine’s economic reforms: What has been done and will it succeed?
Authors: Åslund Anders
Published: January 2016

This article attempts to offer a picture of the state of the economic reform in Ukraine in the summer of 2015, assessing what has been done. It offers a periodisation of Ukraine’s economic policy since its independence in 1991, suggesting that Ukraine has seen three periods of significant reform and this is by far the most important. The main cause of Ukraine’s current economic decline is Russian warfare. The present situation differs greatly from that after the Orange Revolution in late 2004. These reform efforts are more far-reaching than earlier attempts, especially in the energy and banking sectors. Finally, four risks to the present reform wave are discussed. The four big risks to this reform wave lie in Russian warfare, insufficient international funding, lagging reforms in the judicial sector, and the wearing out of the coalition because of economic hardship.
Corruption: Profile of political companies in Romania
Authors: Pirvu Daniela
Published: January 2016

The subject of the paper is related to the tainting of the public contract award process and the consequences generated by it: corruption in public procurement, which is a major problem of the Romanian economy, recognised and pointed out both at the national and at the European level. The study provides empirical evidence that between 2009–2013 there were many companies that repeatedly win public procurement contracts and do business only (or almost only) with the local and central authorities (contracting authorities who represent the interests of political parties). At the theoretical level, the profile of these companies, called political companies, is identified.
A simple fiscal rule for Hungary
Authors: Balatoni András
Published: January 2016

In this paper, I outline an alternative public debt rule, a basic structure that provides a sufficient reduction of public debt in the long term, with an escape clause ensuring the opportunity for countercyclical budgetary manoeuvring and the avoidance of the so-called ratchet effect. The last section outlines a basic institutional framework. I have raised this topic in the hope of supporting the Hungarian discussion about fiscal rules and perhaps to contribute to it. I am certain that this rule is far from perfect, but I believe it is a good starting point.
A Study on the Effects of Knowledge Management on Innovation Strategies and Competitive Advantages
Authors: Yang Jie , Ying Limeng
Published: January 2016

The 21st century is a knowledge economic era when a person who could master knowledge and technologies could master the competitive future. The knowledge and technology competition and the emergence of information technology and the Internet in the future have innovation strategies enter a new era. Knowledge management and share as well as innovation strategies of a business present the importance on the enhancement of competitive advantages. Effective knowledge management and innovation strategies become the key in the success.

Aiming at Kunshan German Industrial Park, the executives and employees in 6 of top 500 businesses are distributed 300 copies of questionnaires, among which 218 valid copies are retrieved, with the retrieval rate 73%. The research results show the significant correlations between 1. innovation strategies and competitive advantages, 2. knowledge management and innovative strategies, and 3. knowledge management and competitive advantages. It is expected to assist businesses in constructing knowledge management.
A Competitive Study on Effective Use of Human Resources in China’s Provinces
Authors: Huang Xiuwei , Ding Xiao-yan , Rong Rau
Published: January 2016

The principal component analysis is a practical method for multivariate statistical analyses. It can eliminate the correlation between sample indexes, and on the premise of keeping the main information of samples, extract a few representative principal components. This article adopts the input—output method and principal component analysis. It carries on the transverse comparison research on the effective utilization situation of human resources in China in 2008 and reveals the actual situation of efficient use of human resources in the provinces in China. The degree of effective use of human resources in Beijing is the highest, while in Ningxia is the lowest. It is closely related to the economic development. Finally, it puts forward the thoughts and suggestions of improving the effective use of human resources in China.
Effects of High-tech Corporate Characteristics on Social Capital and Role of Human Resource Management
Authors: Li Jie yi , Lin Yu Chieh , Shieh Chich-Jen
Published: January 2016

Human resource is the major source of competitive advantages for an enterprise. Discussions aiming at the role of human resource in educational communities are progressing in past years. From the mobility of human resource in an organization, retaining human assets or reducing the mobility to the lowest are considered as the professional commitment of human resource and the direction for efforts. A new viewpoint about the role of human resource reveals that the role of human resource is to change social capital into the driving force of competitive advantages of an organization. It might affect the presentation of different roles of human resource in various corporate characteristics. For this reason, the effects of high-tech corporate characteristics on social capital and role of human resource management are discussed in this study.

Aiming at Kunshan High-tech Industrial Development Zone, the management and the employees in the manufacturers are distributed 1000 copies of questionnaires, and 683 valid copies are retrieved, with the retrieval rate 68%. The research results show 1. significantly positive effects of social capital on the role of human resource, 2. remarkably positive effects of corporate characteristics on social capital, and 3. notably positive effects of corporate characteristics on the role of human resource. It is expected to verify richer and more diverse effects for the reference of successive research and practice communities.
Using Fussy Analytic Network Process to Explore the Factors of Performance Housing Refurbishment in Taiwan
Authors: Lai Peddy Pi-Ying
Published: January 2016

Housing policy is one of the major public policies in Taiwan. Since 2006 the cities of Taipei and Kaohsiung have been busy with housing refurbishment as part of the urban policies. However, as for the Kaohsiung housing refurbishment projects, the initial result was somewhat disappointing. Only one out of the twelve applicants who applied for housing refurbishment was subsidized in Kaohsiung; the required subsidy rate for Taipei was also low, 38%. This paper focuses on the performance analysis of the housing refurbishment policy. This paper will use the FANP method to find the factors that could influenced the performance of the housing refurbishment.

Through empirical analysis, it was found that the success of the housing refurbishment projects are heavily affected by the factors of economic benefit and policy deliverables. We believed that the proper promotion of house refurbishment subsidy, the transparency of information can consolidate the implementation of house refurbishment policy.
To Explore the Urban Landscape Lighting Development in China — Taking the City of Shanghai as an Example
Authors: Wuren Gaowa , Yang Xiaoming , Xia Jiangang
Published: January 2016

Landscape lighting is a symbol of modern urban development and service capabilities, and it is also the important content of urban competitive power. This paper used the descriptive statistics, basic statistical tests and Granger causality test to analyze the historical data and the data from the Shanghai Landscape Lighting Survey. It draws conclusion that Shanghai’s landscape lighting has formed unique and sustainable development mode with governmental, cultural, economic, social and ecological attributes, which is led by the government, and market and society join together in the construction and operation.
Study on Early Warning of Enterprise Financial Distress — Based on Partial Least-squares Logistic Regression
Authors: Xu Kun , Zhao Qilan , Bao Xinzhong
Published: January 2016

Establishment of an effective early warning system can make the company operators make relevant decisions as soon as possible when finding the crisis, improve the operating results and financial condition of enterprise, and can also make investors avoid or reduce investment losses. This paper applies the partial least-squares logistic regression model for the analysis on early warning of enterprise financial distress in consideration of quite sensitive characteristics of common logistic model for the multicollinearity. The data of real estate industry listed companies in China are used to compare and analyze the early warning of financial distress by using the logistic model and the partial least-squares logistic model, respectively. The study results show that compared with the common logistic regression model, the applicability of partial least-squares logistic model is stronger due to its eliminating multicollinearity problem among various early warning indicators.
Applying Analytical Hierarchy Process to Supplier Selection and Evaluation in the Hospitality Industry: A Multiobjective Approach
Authors: Chung Kaie-Chin
Published: January 2016

The present study’s primary objective is to identify contributing factors in selecting and evaluating a seafood supplier within the Taiwanese hospitality industry. It illustrates the application of a multicriteria decision-making process to supplier selection within a service setting where it is less common than in a manufacturing context. To implement the study, a survey instrument was created and submitted to Taiwanese hospitality firms, namely hotels and restaurants, to identify contributing factors in the selection of a seafood supplier within six initial areas concerning food hygiene, stafftraining, crisis management, information technology, competitive ability, and logistics and quality assurance. The analytic hierarchical process (AHP) was then applied to the survey results, and the first- and second-level hierarchical factors were rigorously identified and ranked. These can be regarded as useful benchmarks in identifying and ranking the selection and evaluation of a food supplier within the industry. The present study enhances the understanding of supplier selection in the hospitality industry and provides insights which hospitality firms can apply in managing their supply chains. The managerial and research implications of these findings are discussed.
The Measurement of Innovation Efficiency of Chinese High-tech Industry Using Data Envelopment Analysis
Authors: Jiang Ling , Jiang Yunyu , Wu Zhijun , Liao Dongsheng , Xu Runfa
Published: January 2016

In the era of knowledge economy, a country’s economic competitiveness depends largely on the development level of high-tech industry. This paper evaluates the efficiency of China’s high-tech industry in 31 provinces in 2012 with data envelopment analysis. The empirical results are summarized as following. Firstly, when the effects of exogenous environmental variables are not controlled, the comprehensive technical efficiency of 31 provinces will be overestimated, the pure technical efficiency will be underestimated, and the scale efficiency value will be overestimated. Secondly, after eliminating the environmental impact, the comprehensive technical efficiency of 31 provinces with the average of 0.395 is rather low, due to the low scale efficiency.
A Study on the Effects of Authentic Leadership on Psychological Capital and Knowledge Sharing in China Association for NGO Cooperation
Authors: Mingyuan Lu , Geng Li
Published: January 2016

Regardless of public sectors, private enterprises, or non-profit organizations, breach of good faith and violation of regulation are emerging endlessly in past years. A genuine and honest leader is a key success factor in maintaining organizational running. Authentic leadership is regarded as the foundation of business success. An authentic leader applies positive morality and has the highmorality and value behaviors and languages be the paradigm. It is considered in this study that a non-profit organization could effectively affect the first-line administrators and organizational volunteers, through a leader’s authentic leadership style, transform the degree of psychological capital and knowledge sharing intention and further enhance the operating performance of the non-profit organization.

The leaders and administrators in China Association for NGO Cooperation, as the research samples, are distributed the questionnaires, and 428 valid copies are retrieved, with the retrieval rate 71%. The research results are summarized as following. 1. Authentic leadership shows significant correlations with psychological capital. 2. Psychological capital reveals remarkable correlations with knowledge sharing. 3. Authentic leadership presents notable correlations with knowledge sharing. 4. Psychological capital appears mediating effects on the relation between authentic leadership and knowledge sharing. This study intends to discuss whether authentic leaders in non-profit organizations could enhance the employees willing to actively share knowledge through psychological capital, provide reference opinions for the practical operation of non-profit organizations, and propose suggestions for possible directions.
Modified silk and chitosan scaffolds with collagen assembly for osteoporosis
Authors: Sangkert Supaporn , Kamonmattayakul Suttatip , Lin Chai Wen , Meesane Jirut
Published: January 2016

Currently, many patients suffer from osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a disease that leads to bone defect. Severe cases of bone defect from osteoporosis need an operation using a performance scaffold for bone tissue engineering. Therefore, to build a performance scaffold for bone defect from osteoporosis is the target of this research. Samples of silk fibroin and chitosan were fabricated into porous scaffolds before modification by coating with collagen self-assembly. The structure and morphology of the samples were characterized and observed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. For biological functionality analysis, MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts were cultured on the samples. Afterward, biodegradation, cell proliferation, viability, and mineralization were analyzed. The results demonstrated that collagen organized into a fibril structure covering the pores of the scaffold. The modified scaffolds showed low degradability, high cell proliferation, viability, and mineralization. The results demonstrated that the modified scaffolds with a coating of mimicked collagen self-assembly had good performance and showed promise for bone tissue engineering in osteoporosis.
Immigration as a risk factor to health: analysing Folha de S. Paulo’s representation of an African immigrant during the Ebola outbreak
Authors: Sacramento Igor , Machado Izamara Bastos
Published: January 2016

This article analyses the construction of stereotypes about African immigrants in the Brazilian newspaper Folha de S. Paulo through its coverage of the Ebola outbreak in Africa in 2014. Special attention is given to the way the newspaper reported the suspected infection of the Guinean immigrant Soulyname Bah. It is observed that, through the logic of fear, there was a labeling process of opposition between “us” and “them”. Revulsion was promoted with regard to differences, via the re-signification of African ethnicity characteristics, which started to be seen as indicators of health risk factors. Within the risk society, media coverage of Ebola, as well as of other pandemics, reveals an important and paradoxical truth: we might be living in an era known as the apogee of human scientific advancements but this has not necessarily mitigated our fears and panics about potential dangers (Lerner & Sacramento, 2015). In this context, migration turns out to be a question of security related to a plurality of threats (terrorism, crime, disease, and unemployment, for instance). As we conclude in this article, the securitization of migration might be, therefore, described as a process that substitutes concerns about social and structural problems by institutional, technological and discursive practices that end up allowing the identification and the ascription of responsibility to specific groups.
Migrações sonoras em Português: representações culturais da diáspora portuguesa na rádio brasileira
Authors: Alves Teresa
Published: January 2016

A língua portuguesa é uma língua de múltiplas sonoridades. Nos diversos sotaques dos vários povos que falam português, torna-se evidente a prevalência da sonoridade da língua portuguesa como caraterística definidora. A rádio, como meio de raiz sonora, representa essa diversidade da língua que constitui a sua diferença. Vários são os programas de rádio sobre cultura portuguesa produzidos para a diáspora. Neste artigo, analisaremos os casos dos programas produzidos no Brasil para a diáspora portuguesa: o seu diferencial estratégico, a sua capacidade de representação da cultura portuguesa e a forma como se relacionam com a diáspora e as comunidades emigrantes e lusodescendentes. Tendo em conta que Portugal e o Brasil são os universos em questão, esta análise será realizada após uma reflexão sobre relações pós-coloniais entre os dois países, tendo por base os princípios fundadores do pensamento descolonial.
Natural Transformations in Statistics
Authors: Kondratiev Gennadii V.
Published: January 2016

The old idea of internal uniform regularity of empirical data is discussed within the framework of category theory. A new concept and technique of statistical analysis is being introduced. It is independent on and fully compatible with the classical probabilistic approach. The absence of the model in the natural approach to statistics eliminates the model error and allows to use it in all areas with poor models. The existing error is fully determined by incompleteness of the data. It is always uniformly small by the construction of the data extension.
Creative Cities and (Un)Sustainability: From Creative Class to Sustainable Creative Cities
Authors: Kagan Sacha , Hahn Julia
Published: January 2016

The city today is increasingly conceptualized using terms such as creative cities or creative class and stressing the importance of culture. The effects this development can have on cities and neighbourhoods has been criticised within the wider field of sociology. We explore this critique and place it in the context of the analysis of a culture of unsustainability in order to identify how the concept of creative cities may breed unsustainability. The two cities of Hamburg and Toronto are looked at, considering their implementation of the ideas behind the creative city concept as well as the critical responses from the cultural sector. We then introduce a re-conceptualization of creative cities based on an understanding of the role of the artist in cultures of sustainability. Rethinking creativity and pointing at open dialogue and Richard Sennett's notion of the craftsman, we suggest one possible way toward sustainable creative cities.
The Diminished Importance of Cultural Sustainability in Spatial Planning: The Case of Slovenia
Authors: Ursic Matjaz
Published: January 2016

Formal spatial planning procedures tend to neglect the importance of socio-cultural elements that are inherently present as part of 'soft infrastructure' and are constituted from traditions, lifestyles, wishes, and the routines of individuals that form a local community. In contrast, the concept of cultural sustainability is closely linked with the socio-cultural heterogeneity of a local community. The inability of the formal spatial planning system in Slovenia to adequately engage with the social wishes and resistances of residents is highlighted in situations involving problematic confrontations between the members of the dominant 'common culture' and marginal groups. Two cases from Ljubljana are presented: the stigmatization of the Fužine neighbourhood and the problematic of mosque construction. The cases illustrate that the 'majority' of residents tend to perceive many subcultural representations in space as foreign, non-indigenous elements that could disrupt the everyday routine in a local community. They show how the deficiencies of the current spatial planning system in Slovenia are unable to address challenges posed by contemporary society's cultural, social, and economic transformations and can work quite the opposite way – by increasing the complexity (and level of difficulty) for possible implementation of measures supporting cultural heterogeneity in planning practice.
Culture and Museums in the Winds of Change: The Need for Cultural Indicators
Authors: Worts Douglas
Published: January 2016

How individuals live their lives, within the context of personal and collective values, expresses their living culture. Societies may be made up of people with different ethnocultural backgrounds, socio-economic profiles or spiritual orientations, but they share certain common cultural frameworks (e.g., democratic governance, rules of law, conventions of business, principles of equity for all, etc.) of what is increasingly a globalized, pluralized, and urbanized present. Culture is often thought of as either the historical traditions of a group, or else as certain types of activities (e.g., dance, theatre, celebrations, rituals, etc.) and objects (e.g., art, artifacts, clothing, etc.). Meanwhile, cultural organizations are characterized as specialized places of expertise that provide selected kinds of experiences and services to the public – normally available for consumption during leisure time. This article argues that the heart of living culture is to be found not in specialized types of objects, leisure-time experiences, ethnocultural traditions, or cultural organizations but, rather, in its processes of human adaptation in a changing world. The author uses the lens of culture to examine how humanity understands and attempts to manage change within its sphere of influence. How can we best measure the cultural well-being of our societies, our organizations, and ourselves? The overarching notion of global/local sustainability provides the grounding point for considering how best to foster a 'culture of sustainability'.
Nine Ways of Looking at Ourselves (Looking at Cities)
Authors: Goldbard Arlene
Published: January 2016

This essay appears in What We See: Advancing the Observations of Jane Jacobs (New Village Press 2010), an anthology co-published by New Village Press and The Center for the Living City collecting original essays by leading thinkers to honor the late Jane Jacobs, best-known for her first book, The Death and Life of Great American Cities. This essay explores nine different ways our own habits of perception affect our view of the culture of cities and their possible futures. An interactive website has been created for What We See at: www.whatwesee.org. Reprinted in this issue of Culture and Local Governance with permission of the author and New Village Press.
Real urban images: policy and culture in northern Britain
Authors: Wharton Chris , Fenwick John
Published: January 2016

Abstract: This paper explores recent attempts to re-imagine and re-brand northern British cities through processes of economic and (mainly) cultural regeneration. It analyses the creation of new contemporary urban images and presentations and compares these with the economic, social and cultural life experiences of people living in the areas. It examines the process of recharacterising former industrial conurbations as being at the cutting edge of contemporary, postmodern culture. A range of features is identified here within similar political, economic and policy contexts: deindustrialisation and regeneration driven by local business and political elites; emphasis on culture as spectacle to the exclusion of other cultural configurations; reliance on tourism and advertising, hyper consumption and leisure as determining aspects of the local economy; and the reorganisation of city populations. Keywords: Visual culture; city; Britain; cultural policy; cultural regeneration Résumé: Cet article explore les tentatives récentes de ré-imaginer et de « re-brander » les villes du nord de la Grande-Bretagne par le biais de stratégies de régénération urbaine mettant principalement l’accent sur les interventions de nature culturelle. Cet article met en relief la recomposition du paysage visuel urbain des villes du nord pour les contraster avec les conditions économiques, sociales et culturelles qui caractérisent l’existence et l’expérience des citadins qui y vivent. En particulier, il s’agit notamment d’examiner les pratiques et le processus de redéfinition des espaces industriels en lieux qui incarnent le contemporain et l’avant-garde de la culture postmoderne. De ces observations, on constate des similitudes dans les moyens utilisés par les autorités dans des contextes qui partagent les mêmes conditions politiques et économiques, à savoir : la régénération entendue comme un projet porté par les élites politiques et économiques locales; un accent mis sur la culture « spectacle » au détriment d’une compréhension et d’un usage plus inclusif de cette dernière; un accent marqué sur les activités de promotion touristique; l’hyperconsommation et le loisir en tant que moyens de développement local; et la réorganisation et la recomposition de la population urbaine comme conséquence de ces mobilisations de la culture. Mots clé : Culture visuelle, ville; Grande-Bretagne; politiques culturelles; régénération urbaine
Theatre City: On Design in the Interplay of Social and Material Space (Teatro Oficina, Bixiga, São Paulo)
Authors: Stevens Jeroen
Published: January 2016

Cultural mapping reflects a spatial turn broadly taken in related areas of urban studies, all of which, in different ways, care about the interaction between social and material space. This article will contribute to this emerging interdisciplinary field by exploring applications of cultural mapping as tools for more inclusive forms of urbanism. The main argument holds that particular forms of cultural mapping can help bridge certain constraints of ethnographic methodologies of social sciences, on one hand, and spatial analysis and design methodologies, on the other hand, as they can operate in the same interstices of social and material space. This article is the result of a three-year and ongoing collaboration between the Research Group on Urbanism and Architecture of the University of Leuven and theatre company Teatro Oficina, located on a highly contested urban site in São Paulo’s central neighbourhood of Bixiga, which for thirty years has been part and parcel of a Lute Urbaine (‘urban battle’) between the cultural group and a major real estate development firm. Both the theatre building and the surrounding terrain present themselves as pars-pro-toto for a theatrical city paradigm, offering insights on the dialectic vicissitudes of socio-cultural actions vis-à-vis the material transformation of the city.Keywords: urban activism, participatory urban design, modernism, urban stage, theatre cultureRésumé: La cartographie culturelle reflète un tournant spatial dans le champ des études urbaines et disciplines associées qui sont à tout le moins toutes concernées par les interactions entre les espaces sociaux et les espaces matériels. Cet article tente d’apporter une contribution à ce débat interdisciplinaire en explorant les applications de la cartographie culturelle dans le cadre des projets d’urbanisme participatif, voire d’urbanisme plus socialement inclusif. Certaines formes de cartographie culturelle peuvent permettre de répondre à certaines contraintes émanant des méthodologies ethnographiques en sciences sociales et ce, en comblant les lacunes découlant de la rencontre des espaces sociaux et matériels. Les résultats de cet article découlent de trois années de collaboration entre le Research Group on Urbanism and Architecture de l’Université de Leuven et le Teatro Oficina, situé dans un espace contesté du quartier Bixiga, au coeur de São Paulo. Ce quartier en question a été au coeur de plusieurs luttes urbaines (Lute Urbaine) entre groups sociaux culturels et promotteurs immobiliers. L’immeuble du théâtre et ses environs se présent en tant que pars-pro-toto pour le paradigme de la ville théâtrale, offrant des points des perspectives sur la dialectique de l’action culturelle vis-à-vis la transformation matérielle de la ville.Mots clé: l’activisme urbain, dessin urbain participative, modernism, scène urbaine, culture théâtrale
Identifications, Cultures, and ‘Groupness’: Reflecting on Culture from Ethnographic Research in Argentina
Authors: Balerdi Soledad
Published: January 2016

This paper reflects on the precautions to be taken into account when addressing the study, from the point of view of the social sciences, of cultures and communities. This is done through ethnographic research in a neighbourhood (barrio) of migrants from an indigenous community in the province of Chaco, in northern Argentina, who have migrated to the city of La Plata (in Buenos Aires province) and have settled on its periphery. The article starts from the idea that ethnicity comes into play, situationally, as a resource rather than as a distinct and immutable feature. Even when it is necessary to describe how notions like culture and ethnicity act in practice and what meaning they have for the actors, social researchers should not  historicize them in the specific contexts in which they are brought into play.Keywords: culture, ethnicity, indigenous community, ethnography, ArgentinaRésumé: Cet article met en évidence les précautions et les enjeux à prendre en considération en sciences sociales lorsque l’on aborde les questions culturelles dans les communautés. Cet article met en évidence un travail de terrain de type ethnographique dans un quartier (barrio) de La Plata (province de Buenor Aires) où se trouve une forte concentration de population migrante d’autochtones en provenance de la province de Chaco, dans le nord de l’Argentine. Plutôt que d’approcher l’ethnicité dans une perspective essentialiste et d’en faire une caractéristique immuable de l’identité, cet article s’inspire d’une approche relationnelle. Plutôt que de tenter de figer le sens de notions telles « ethnicité » ou «culture », cet article met en evidence l’importance de reconstruire le sens de ces notions à partir des données contextuelles et du sens qu’elles revêtent pour les acteurs.Mots clé: culture, ethnicité, communauté indigene, ethnographie, Argentine
Censura, arbitrio y sus circunstancias
Authors: Machado Ana Mª
Published: January 2016

En este artículo se plantea una reflexión sobre el papel de la censura en general y en los textos escritos en particular, haciendo un análisis más detallado de la influencia de la censura en la literatura infantil y juvenil en distintos países de Latinoamérica y, en particular, en Brasil. La censura, vista como un acto de represión y de violencia, ha recorrido buena parte de la vida de muchas personas en distintos países, donde las dictaduras han tratado de marcar el paso de los ciudadanos imponiendo el arbitrio de la fuerza y la cobardía del más fuerte contra el más débil. En un recorrido por la infancia en la que las prohibiciones de leer determinados libros llevan, necesariamente, a la necesidad de convivir con la censura y aprender lecciones, estas luego se pondrán en práctica tanto en la docencia universitaria, como en el ejercicio del periodismo y en la tarea de escritora, donde se expresa el impulso de manifestarse desde el dominio del lenguaje simbólico. La literatura infantil, despreciada por los censores, permitió en Brasil crear textos sutiles, densos y desafiantes para lectores inteligentes y cómplices. Pero, además de la censura previa, está la autocensura y al hablar de la relación entre la literatura infantil y la censura tienen un importante papel los adultos mediadores, que deben facilitar y no cercenar el acceso de los niños a los buenos libros. La censura, siempre subjetiva y arbitraria, no debe aceptarse de ningún modo.
Estudio comparativo en el aprendizaje de la escritura en la Educación Infantil: Constructivismo vs. método silábico
Authors: Villanueva Juan de Dios , Fornieles Fernando
Published: January 2016

Presentamos un estudio realizado sobre el proceso de aprendizaje de la escritura en dos grupos de alumnos de Educación Infantil a lo largo de los tres años de escolarización en esta etapa. Un grupo siguió el proceso utilizando el constructivismo, el otro utilizó la metodología sintética-alfabética. Ambos grupos son de similares características en número, procedencia socio-económica y lugar de residencia. Las maestras tienen una experiencia similar en la docencia. Los resultados de la investigación vienen a demostrar que aquellos alumnos con los que se ha trabajado desde el constructivismo alcanzan al final de la etapa unos resultados positivos
Influence of eye refractive surface curvature modification on the retinal image quality in the Liou-Brennan eye model
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Degtyarev S. ,   Samara State Aerospace University, Karsakov A. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University, Branchevskaya E. ,   Branchevsky Eye Clinic, Khonina S. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University, Kotlyar V. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University
Published: January 2016

In this work, we use the Zemax software package to study wave front aberrations resulting from modifications of the human eye cornea curvature. The simulation is based on the Liou-Brenann human eye model. The surface curvature and wave front aberrations are described by a Zernike polynomial. We show that defocusing and astigmatism aberrations can be corrected for by means of modification of the cornea curvature using polynomials.
Satellite image analysis to evaluate the urban growth and land use changes in the city of Samara from 1975 to 2015
Authors:   Samara State Aerospace University, Boori M. , Kuznetsov A. ,   Samara State Aerospace University,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Choudhary K. ,   Samara State Aerospace University, Kupriyanov A. ,   Samara State Aerospace University,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2016

In the present paper, satellite image classification methods were applied to extract four main types of land use: water resources, built-up areas, forests and agricultural land. To evaluate in which way the urban growth and land use changes occurred in the city of Samara, Landsat satellite images taken at five different time periods over the years 1975-2015 were employed. Changes in all types of land use at different periods of time were calculated using the ArcGIS Software with due regard for population changes. The estimation of changes in the built-up area was conducted in relation to the population development.
The Study of the Value of Mean Corpuscular Volume in the Urine Red Blood Cell Phase in the Differential Diagnosis of Hematuria
Authors: Zhang Ning
Published: January 2016

Objective: The changes of urinary red blood cell morphology and the average volume of red blood cell were examined by MCV. Method: In 100 cases of patients with urinary sediment microscopy of hematuria, and used blood cell analyzer for determination for MCV in urinary RBC. Results: Renal hematuria MCV and the outer peripheral blood MCV has significant difference (p < 0.01) and non-renal hematuria and peripheral blood MCV had no significant difference, glomerular hematuria and non-glomerular hematuria erythrocyte deformity was significantly different (p < 0.01), renal hematuria MCV is less than or equal to 73 fL, abnormal red blood cells with 2 or more, deformity rate is more than or equal to 76%. Conclusion: RBC phase combined with MCV detection of urine RBC is the practical value in diagnosis of glomerular hematuria.
Dysfunction of the Clinical Effect of Levonorgestrel Treatment of Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding
Authors: Mi Xinhui , Qin Caixia
Published: January 2016

Objective: Study clinical curative effect of levonorgestrel treatment on perimenopausal dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Method: Selected 126 outpatient of dysfunctional uterine bleeding which hospitalize from December 2010 to December 2012 at department of gynaecology to undergo levonorgestrel treatment on the 5‒7 days of menstruation. The endometrial thickness, hemoglobin, and the PBAC score of before and 3, 6, and 12 months after placement were observed and recorded. To observation the adverse reactions after levonorgestrel treatment. Results: After treatment, the thickness of the endometrium, the amount of menstruation and the hemoglobin concentration increased in 126 patients. During the treatment, 21 patients experienced mild dizziness and nausea, but did not affect the drug use and efficacy. Conclusion: Effects of levonorgestrel on intrauterine treatment of perimenopausal dysfunctional uterine bleeding can effectively reduce the amount of menstruation and increase hemoglobin levels. It is economic, simple, less adverse reaction, and widely entrenched in clinical practice.
Clinical Treatment of Elderly Patients with Chronic Atrial Fibrillation and Heart Failure
Authors: Liu Haifeng
Published: January 2016

Objective: To study the clinical treatment of chronic atrial fibrillation and heart failure in elderly patients. Method: In our hospital, 120 patients with chronic atrial fibrillation complicated with heart failure were selected from March 2011 to March 2014 as the study subject. The clinical treatment of chronic atrial fibrillation with heart failure was discussed by comparing with the control group and the treatment group. Results: After 1 months of treatment, the total effective rate was 90% in the treatment group and 70% in the control group, the average recovery time of the treatment group was (4.45 + 0.88) day, and the average recovery time of the control group was (7.76 + 1.34) day. Conclusion: To improve cardiac function and ventricular remodeling, heart rate control, blocking neurosecretory system in the treatment for elderly patients with chronic atrial fibrillation and heart failure patients affect significantly, has very important clinical value.
A Comparative Study of Right Ventricular Apical Pacing and Right Ventricular Septal Pacing
Authors: Ni Shimao , Jiang Changhao , Chen Zhili
Published: January 2016

Objective: Assessment of cardiac function by the assessment of ventricular pacing and right ventricular apex pacing. Method: Analysis of 30 patients with VVI pacemaker (pacing RVA, right ventricular apical pacing RVS 15 cases) was analyzed, and the differences of cardiac function and pacing parameters were analyzed in one year. Results: There was no significant difference in the impedance, voltage threshold and R wave height between the 1 year after the effective pacing and the years after the pacing electrode. 1 year after the two groups of patients with significant differences in EF. Conclusion: Right ventricular septal pacing and right ventricular apical pacing are equally safe and effective, right ventricular apical pacing can lead to left ventricular systolic dysfunction and decreased left ventricular function.
Analysis of VTE Multiple Risk Factors and Active Prevention in High Risk Group
Authors: Ni Wei
Published: January 2016

Deeper understanding of venous thrombosis’s risk factors and pathogenesis for patients at high risk group and the patient would be informed the disease risk and be advised of the need to improve the way of life. Strengthening of the hospitalized patients with VTE multiple risk factors for risk assessment and the active prevention are effective in reducing the morbidity and mortality rate of VTE.
Study on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Retinal Vein Occlusion
Authors: Ye Qing , Cai Shanjun
Published: January 2016

Objective: Study on the diagnosis and treatment of retinal vein occlusion. Method: 96 patients with retinal vein occlusion in our hospital from April 2014 to February 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 48 patients (p > 0.05) were randomly divided into observation group and control group. The control group was treated with traditional medicine, while the observation group was treated by surgery. The two groups were treated with predictive nursing. Results: The result from control group of 48 patients and the observation group of 48 patients were changed after a period of treatment but the control group was not significantly improved compared with the observation group. Conclusion: The clinical effect of observation group operation treatment of retinal vein occlusion is remarkable, so the study of its significance is far-reaching, and it is worth to be popularized and applied in clinic.
Intervention Effect of Compatibility of Salvianolic Acid A & B on PDGF-C/PDGFR-α Signaling Pathway in Renal Fibrosis
Authors: Yu Bin
Published: January 2016

Objective: To explore the effect of salvianolic acid A & B component molecules of drug compatibility on PDGF-c/PDGFR-α signaling pathway in renal fibrosis of rats. Methods: 40 male SPF SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, salvianolic acid A group, salvianolic acid B group and salvianolic acid A + B group, with 10 rats in each group. Each group was treated for two weeks. After the intervention, samples were collected. And scores of HE and Masson was compared. The expression of PDGF-c/PDGFR-α in rental tissue in them was also tested and compared. Results: Compared with the control group, the score of HE and Masson in intervention groups was markedly decreased, and scores in salvianolic acid B group and salvianolic acid A + B group were reduced significantly (p < 0.05); Compared with the control group, the expression of PDGF-c/PDGFR-α in rental tissue in intervention groups was lower(p < 0.05), especially in salvianolic acid B group and salvianolic acid A + B group (p < 0.05).Conclusion: salvianolic acid A & B component molecules of drug compatibility could significantly improve the pathological changes in the kidney tissue of rats, suppress the expression of PDGF-c/PDGFR-α in renal tissue, and improve the renal function, renal tubular function and renal pathology.
Discussion on Rehabilitation Nursing of Patients with Post Injury in Clinical Emergency
Authors: Dong Jianmei
Published: January 2016

In any case, preventing the injury of spinal before the application of the treatment for spinal injury has a positive significance. This can reduce or prevent the occurrence of the injury again. So, it reflects a very important significance treatment in the hospital. We use the pre-development and strictly followed the procedure of the spine injury and carry out the professional rescue procedure in the patients after the injury in order to obtain a very satisfactory result.
Applying the Multilevel Monte Carlo Method for Heterogeneity-Induced Uncertainty Quantification of Surfactant/Polymer Flooding
Authors: Alkhatib A.. , Babaei M..
Published: January 2016

Reservoir heterogeneity can be detrimental to the success of surfactant/polymer enhanced-oil-recovery (EOR) processes. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the effect of uncertainty in reservoir heterogeneity on the performance of surfactant/polymer EOR. Usually, a Monte Carlo sampling approach is used, in which a number of stochastic reservoir-model realizations are generated and then numerical simulation is performed to obtain a certain objective function, such as the recovery factor. However, Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) has a slow convergence rate and requires a large number of samples to produce accurate results. This can be computationally expensive when using large complex reservoir models. This study applies a multiscale approach to improve the efficiency of uncertainty quantification. This method is known as the multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC) method.

This method comprises performing a small number of expensive simulations on the fine-scale model and a large number of less-expensive simulations on coarser upscaled models, and then combining the results to produce the quantities of interest. The purpose of this method is to reduce computational cost while maintaining the accuracy of the fine-scale model. The results of this approach are compared with a reference MCS, assuming a large number of simulations on the fine-scale model. Other advantages of the MLMC method are its nonintrusiveness and its scalability to incorporate an increasing number of uncertainties.

This study uses the MLMC method to efficiently quantify the effect of uncertainty in heterogeneity on the recovery factor of a chemical EOR process, specifically surfactant/polymer flooding. The permeability field is assumed to be the random input. This method is first demonstrated by use of a Gaussian 3D reservoir model. Different coarsening algorithms are used and compared, such as the renormalization method and the pressure-solver method (PSM). The results are compared with running Monte Carlo for the fine-scale model while equating the computational cost for the MLMC method. Both of these results are then compared with the reference case, which uses a large number of runs of the fine-scale model. The method is then extended to a channelized non-Gaussian generated 3D reservoir model incorporating multiphase upscaling

The results show that it is possible to robustly quantify spatial uncertainty for a surfactant/polymer EOR process while greatly reducing the computational requirement, up to two orders of magnitude compared with traditional Monte Carlo for both the Gaussian and non-Gaussian reservoir models. The method can be easily extended to other EOR processes to quantify spatial uncertainty, such as carbon dioxide (CO2) EOR. Other possible extensions of this method are also discussed.