bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diabetes Mellitus Associated with Outcome of COVID-19 Patients.
Authors: Islam GMM  , Rahman MM
Published: July 2023

Introduction: COVID-19 is a highly infectious disease spreading all over the world since its appearance causing enormous sufferings and loss of human life specially among those who have suffered from Diabetes Mellitus.

Material & method: This retrospective cohort study was conducted among purposively selected 133 COVID-19 patients in which 39 were exposed to DM and 94 were not-exposed to DM who were admitted in CMH, Dhaka from July 2020 to June 2021 with the objective to find out the association of Diabetes Mellitus with the mortality and morbidity outcome of COVID-19 patients within 90 days of discharge from Hospital. The data were collected by telephonic interview and from medical record.

Result: The study revealed that the mean age of the respondents were 48.01 years, 80.5% were male. It was seen from the study that among all the respondents 95.5% were survivor and 4.5% were non-survivor. Among the exposed 87.2% were survivor and among the non-exposed 89.9% were survivor. Among the exposed more than half (51.3%) were ⩾60 years age group,48.7% were military retired personnel, 61.5% had family income TK< 25,000. On 14th and 28th day of admission among exposed 94.9% and 30.8% and among non-exposed 83.0% and 21.3% were not cured respectively. Before attaining 28th day of admission among exposed 12.8% and among non-exposed 1.1% were non-survivor. Regarding ICU support among exposed 30.8% and among non-exposed 10.6% required ICU support during treatment, whereas among exposed 33.3% and among non-exposed 6.4% were critical patients. Among exposed 48.7% required oxygen, 17.9% needed ventilator support whereas among non-exposed 23.4% required oxygen and 4.3% needed ventilator support. Among exposed HTN, CHDs and CKDs were 61.5%,7.7% and 12.8% whereas among non-exposed it was 21.3%, 3.2% and 1.1% respectively. The risk exposure outcome among ⩾60 years age group were higher among exposed (RR:2.05, 95% CI 1.33-3.17). Morbidity outcome among exposed on 14th 28th and 90th day were higher (RR:2.05, 95% CI 1.33-3.173), (RR: 1.485, 95% CI 0.847-2.603) and (RR:1.190, 95% CI 0.371-3.820) respectively. Need of Oxygen were higher among exposed (RR:1.445, 95% CI 1.064-1.961). Association in regards to HTN, CHDs and CKD were also higher among exposed which were (RR:1.87, 95% CI 1.321-2.656), (RR: 1.433, 95% CI 0.639-3.214) and (RR:4.394, 95% CI 0.732-26.376) respectively.

Conclusion: Health education measures should be taken to prevent and control the morbidity and mortality outcome of COVID-19 patients with special attention to those who are aged, and suffering from DM, HTN and CKD. However, to draw comprehensive inferences on this study, further research on representative sample size in this field is recommended.
Relationship between Liver Stiffness Measured by Fibroscan and the Presence and Grading of Esophageal Varices by Endoscopy in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Das NK  , Islam AFMN  , Zaki KMJ
Published: July 2023

Background: Fibroscan (transient elastography) is a relatively new method of measuring liver stiffness and is a noninvasive liver fibrosis marker. The liver stiffness could be used as predictors of oesophageal varices in cirrhotic patients because portal hypertension is related to liver fibrosis.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of transient elastography for the presence and grade of oesophageal varices (EV) in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Medicine and Department of Gastroenterology Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College Hospital, Sylhet between July 2018 and June 2019. Seventy two consecutive cirrhotic patients (mean age 47.21 ± 14.02 years, 73.6% males) were enrolled. Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, liver cirrhosis with moderate or massive ascites, acute liver failure, previous variceal bleeding, treatment with ß blockers, sclerotherapy or band ligation of oesophageal varices, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt or surgery for portal hypertension, liver transplantation, portal, splenic or hepatic vein thrombosis revealed by the abdominal ultrasonography, Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, extrahepatic cholestatsis, congestive cardia failure, BMI 30 or above were excluded . All patients underwent fibroscan (transient elastography) and upper GI endoscopy. The diagnostic performance of the methods was assessed using sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, accuracy and receiver operating characteristic curves.

Results: Oesophageal varices were found in 86.1% with grade-I in 22.2%, Grade-II in 31.9%, Grade-III in 31.9% and no oesophageal varices 13.9% of patients. A significant positive correlation revealed between liver stiffness measured by fibroscan and presence (r=0.568; p<0.001) and grade (r=0.783; p<0.001) of oesophageal varices. The best cutoff value of liver stiffness measurement was 14.45 kPa in predicting the presence of oesophageal varices with the sensitivity of 98.4%, specificity of 90.0%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 98.4%, negative predictive value (NPV) of 90% and area under the curve (AUROC) of 0.967; and 41.55 kPa for large oesophageal varices (grade-II and III) with the sensitivity 95.7%, specificity 92.3%, PPV 95.7%, NPV 92.3% and AUROC 0.965.

Conclusion: Liver stiffness measurement by fibroscan is correlated with presence and grading of oesophageal varices in liver cirrhosis. Measurement of liver stiffness by fibroscan is reliable for predicting the presence and larger grade of oesophageal varices by endoscopy in patients with liver cirrhosis. Therefore, it is a good test to replace endoscopy for predicting and grading of oesophageal varices.
Intraoperative and Early Postoperative Complications of Difficult Laparoscopic Appendicectomy: An observational study
Authors: Hassan AN  , Alam ZHMN  , Mahmud AN  , Chowdhury AK  , Rahman MF
Published: July 2023

Although open appendicectomy has been performed successfully for more than 200 years, its preeminent position in the treatment strategy for the patient with appendicitis has been changed by laparoscopic appendicectomy in the last two decades. The present study consists of 150 cases of acute appendicitis disease seems to be difficult for laparoscopic appendicectomy selected on the basis of clinical and sonological criteria. They underwent laparoscopic appendicectomy and the results were evaluated on the spectrum of per operative and early postoperative complications, methods of identification of these complications and their managements. The overall intra operative complications in the present study in 8 (5.33%) cases and early postoperative complication in 15 (10%) cases. Laparoscopic appendicectomy results very few intraoperative and postoperative complications. Therefore, laparoscopic appendicectomy is worth recommending as an effective and safe procedure for acute appendicitis
Management of COVID-19 Pneumonia: Experience in a Peripheral Tertiary Level Hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Salam MU  , Goswami A  , Ahmad S  , Patwary MI  , Afroze T  , Haque MR  , Yasmin S  , Sharker S  , Ahmad MM  , Chowdhury NB  , Dhar P
Published: July 2023

Background: Since the detection of the first case of the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus in Wuhan, China, on December 31, 2019, the world stepped into an era of the pandemic as declared by WHO on March 11, 2020. With no prior knowledge regarding this new pandemic, the evidence-based practice of medical management was at stake. Experience sharing from different corners of the world played an essential role in building knowledge to save the world.

Methods: The researchers collected data for this retrospective study, from hospital records of the COVID-19 dedicated unit of Sylhet Women’s Medical College, Sylhet, Bangladesh, that was formed temporarily in July 2020, in response to the pandemic situation in the country. This article includes data on 3408 admitted COVID-19 patients with moderate to severe symptoms, managed in the isolation unit including its intensive care unit (ICU) up to November 2021.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 57.21±12.58 years and male to female ratio was 1:1.8. Fever (44.4%), cough (38.9), and fatigability (33.3%) were the common symptoms. Diabetes mellitus (67.7%), systemic hypertension (63.7%), asthma (8.65%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (21.94%), and, ischemic heart disease (31.2%) were the top co-morbid conditions. Of the study subjects, 68.2% were RT-PCR positive for COVID-19, 67.3% had an abnormal baseline chest X-ray, and 91.1% had a ground glass shadow on a high-resolution CT scan of chest. Average C-reactive protein, D-dimer, and serum ferritin values were 71.68±60.38, 1.16±2.11, and 839±748.57 respectively. Hypoxemia, which was a common problem among them, was managed with oxygen therapy with an appropriate delivery device, with or without supplementation by dexamethasone (78.3%), or methylprednisolone (18.8%). Eighteen (18) patients refused to receive any antiviral therapy, 61 received oral Favipiravir and the rest of them received injectable Remdesevir. Standard care was augmented with Baricitinib in 60 patients. Thirty-six (36) patients in the ICU, with poor response to standard care, were treated with Tocilizumab. Death rates were 9.46% in the non-ICU block, but they were 6-10 times higher in the ICU.

Conclusion: Every medical professional learned from the initial two years of the COVID-19 pandemic. Lessons learnt from experience helped building up the knowledge pool necessary for generating effective protocols for COVID-19 pneumonia management.
Neonatal seizures in a tertiary care hospital: clinical presentation and outcome
Authors: Bhattacherjee A  , Hasan R  , Akther N  , Choudhury TJ  , Haque R  , Nur ZB
Published: July 2023

Background: In the neonatal period, seizures emerge as the most apparent warning sign of neurological disorder and are most common in the first 10 days of life. The true incidence of newborn seizures is difficult to ascertain since clinical detection of neonatal seizures is challenging. Growing research suggests that newborn seizures impair neurodevelopmental outcome and may increase the risk of cognitive, behavioral, or epileptic consequences in adulthood.

Methodology: The Neonatal unit of the Paediatrics Department at the Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital in Sylhet served as the site of this cross-sectional study. This study was conducted between July 2013 and December 2013. There were 100 newborns who had seizures participated in the study. After written consent, a thorough history was taken and complete physical examinations were done. Every seizure episode that was reported by the mother and later examined by the resident doctors documented clinically.

Results: Most neonates (74%) who experienced seizures were between 1 and 3 days old, and most of them were male children (63%). 40% of newborns cried right away, whereas 60% of them had a history of delayed crying. During the first three days of life, 83% of infants experienced seizures. More than half (57%) of newborns required resuscitation, and 100% of them had weak reflexes. Different types of seizures were observed in neonates. Among them 67% of patients had subtle seizures, 13% had tonic-clonic seizures, 10% had focal clonic seizures, and 10% had tonic seizures. Total 86% of the patients were discharged following treatment.

Conclusion: First three days of life and male babies are more prone to seizures. Neonatal mortality is largely caused by newborn seizures.
PENERAPAN PENDEKATAN OPEN ENDED DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA
Authors: Matondang Khoiruddin , Saragih Risna Mira Bella , Rina Sari
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study is to see the application of an open ended approach in mathematics learning in the quadrangular sub-pokok discussion in grade VII of Dwitunggal Tanjung Morawa Private Junior High School. This type of research is classroom action research. The data analysis technique in this study is using qualitative quantitative descriptive analysis methods, with the aim of finding out whether student learning outcomes have increased due to the application of the Open Ended approach. The results of this study were in the first cycle of student learning outcomes with an average score of 64.72,  where only 10 students or 27.78% were completed, while 26 students or 72.22% were incomplete. Pthere is a cycle II average score of 70.41, where only 16 students or 44.45% are complete, while 20 students or 55.55% are incomplete.  In system III the average score was 82.91, where student completeness increased, namely the number of students who completed  learning  increased  to  32  students  or  88.89%,  while  4  students  or 11,11% were incomplete.
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA SISWA MELALUI MODEL AUDITORY INTELLECTUALLY REPETITION (AIR) DI SMP NEGERI 5 TAKENGON
Authors: Daulay Leni Agustina
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study was to see an increase in students’ mathematical problem solving skills using Auditory Intellectually Repetition (AIR) learning model on straight line equation in class VIII SMP Negeri 5 Takengon. This study used a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental type of research, class  VIII1 as the experimental class uses the Auditory Intellectually Repetition (AIR) learning model and VIII2  as the control class uses the direct learning model. The data analysis used by the data manager in this study was t-test and the N-gain test was used to see the increase. Based on the results of hypothesis testing ttest     > ttable   or 2,268 > 2,042 thus Ha is accepted. The results of the research n-gain test can be concluded 0,30 ? g ? 0,70 that the is an increase in student’s mathematical problem solving abilities towards Auditory Intellectually Repetition (AIR) learning model. The conclusion is that by using Auditory Intellectually Repetition (AIR) learning model in class VIII SMP Negeri 5 Takengon, students are more active because they are directly involved in being able to determine the material being studied and relate it to real life situations.
PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN MODEL KOOPERATIF TIPE STAD UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH SISWA PADA MATERI POLA BILANGAN
Authors: Maharani Israq , Nawangsih Khairin
Published: July 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa yang di ajar dengan model kooperatif tipe STAD. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK), dengan empat tahapan yang harus dilalui, yaitu: (1) Perencanaan; (2) Pelaksanaan; (3) Pengamatan; (4) Refleksi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada SMP Negeri 3 Tanjung Beringin pada kelas VIII-2 dengan jumlah yang terdiri dari 30 siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pnerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Student Teams-Achievement Divisions (STAD) dapat meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa pada materi pokok bangun segiempat setelah siklus II.
IMPLEMENTASI TEKNIK SEO (SEARCH ENGINE OPTIMIZATION) UNTUK OPTIMASI WEBSITE PENJUALAN DI LESTARI JAYA MEBEL
Authors: Isbandi Isbandi , Zatnika Zatnika , Triyatna Edwin
Published: July 2023

The background of this research is to help Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) which need promotional media in the form of websites. Therefore the author has an idea to implement SEO (Search Engine Optimization). SEO (Search Engine Optimization) is a technique for improving a website in the search results of search engines such as Google, Bing, etc. SEO (Search Engine Optimization) is an important marketing strategy for increasing the visibility of a website and the number of organic visitors to the intended site. This research uses quantitative methods. Data collected by online survey and interview techniques. Toko Lestari Jaya Mebel has not been ranked optimally enough on search engines or search engines, with the implementation of SEO (Search Engine Optimization) techniques it is hoped that it can improve the website's position on search engines. So that the site can be easily found and compete with competitors, and is expected to increase sales.
PENGARUH COMMUNITY OF INQUIRY BERBANTUAN MEDIA SOSIAL TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH
Authors: Machsunah Yayuk Chayatun , Nafisah Durrotun , Sutarum Sutarum
Published: July 2023

Model pembelajaran CoI (Community Of Inquiry) merupakan model pembelajaran yang memberikan ruang kepada mahasiswa untuk terlibat aktif dalam kelompok belajar dalam menyelesaikan masalah guna mencapai tujuan pembelajaran. Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh CoI berbantuan media sosial terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah serta untuk mengetahui keterlaksanaannya pada mata kuliah kebijakan pendidikan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi eksperiment dengan rancangan non-equivalent control group design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Universitas PGRI Adi Buana Kampus Lamongan.  Sampel penelitian dari prodi pendidikan PKn sebagai kelas eksperimen sebanyak 26 mahasiswa dan prodi pendidikan ekonomi sebagai kelas kontrol sebanyak 28 mahasiswa. Sampel penelitian ini dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Proses pembelajaran di kelas eksperimen mendapatkan perlakuan dengan model pembelajaran CoI berbantuan media sosial dan di kelas kontrol diajarkan dengan model pembelajaran CoI tanpa bantuan. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik tes berbentuk soal essai berjumlah sembilan soal untuk mengukur kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan lembar observasi untuk melihat aktivitas dan keterlaksanaan pembelajaran. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan uji hipotesis dengan menggunakan uji-t pada taraf signifikan (α) = 0,05, dan diperoleh nilai 3,585 pada equal variaces not assumed memiliki sig. 0,001 lebih kecil dari 0,05, maka Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara model pembelajaran CoI berbantuan media sosial terhadap pemecahan masalah pada mata kuliah kebijakan pendidikan.
Innovation and Realization of Universal Health Care Coverage in Kenya: A Case of National Hospital Insurance Fund
Authors: Abdille Ahmednoor , Waithaka Paul
Published: July 2023

Purpose: The National Hospital Insurance Fund (NHIF) plays a role of health financing which is a key pillar of universal health care coverage in Kenya. However, as of 2014, the Universal Health Care (UHC) index in Kenya was at [52%] compared to [55.0%] in 2019, which represent a mere improvement in access to health by [3%] in a span of 6 years. Thus, a lot has to be done in ensuring that everybody has access to affordable and quality health care services. Although innovation is an important construct, there is scanty of literature and evidence to link it with realization of universal health care coverage in the economy. Thus, the effect of innovation on realization of UHC Coverage by NHIF was explored. Specifically, process innovation and technological innovation in relation to realization of UHC by NHIF was determined. Diffusion of innovation theory and the technology acceptance model theory guided the inquiry.

Methodology: Explanatory descriptive survey design was embraced targeting [155] respondents. In total, [112] respondents were selected through stratified random technique.  Information in primary mode was obtained through questionnaire that had semi-structured items. The questionnaire was pilot tested among [12] respondents selected away from the study sample. Processing of the gathered views was done descriptively and inferentially. Tables and figures were used in presenting the analyzed findings.

Findings: It was noted that process innovation and technological innovation all have significant influence on realization of Universal Health Care coverage by National Hospital Insurance Fund. The study concludes that innovation significantly predicts realization of universal health care.

Recommendations: The study recommends that policy makers at National Hospital Insurance Fund should regularly review the existing policies and amount of premiums contributed by members especially the self-employed people so that the same is affordable. Information and communication technology managers working at National Hospital Insurance Fund should invest in latest and modern state of the art technologies and replace the existing and obsolete ones.
Evaluating the Potential of Artificial Intelligence in Orthopedic Surgery for Value-based Healthcare
Authors: Tariq Aftab , Gill Ahmad Yousaf , Hussain Hafiz Khawar
Published: July 2023

The potential of artificial intelligence (AI) to transform value-based healthcare in the area of orthopedic surgery is examined in this research. Orthopedic surgeons and healthcare systems may improve patient outcomes, increase efficiency, and alter care delivery by combining AI algorithms, cutting-edge data analytics, and novel technology. Through case studies and success stories, the article provides a thorough study of the advantages and prospects provided by AI in orthopedic surgery. These instances demonstrate how AI has been successfully applied to several facets of orthopedic surgery, including as diagnosis, planning of the surgical course, surgical navigation, postoperative care, and resource allocation. The ethical and legal ramifications of using AI are also discussed in the study, with a focus on patient autonomy, privacy, accountability, and any potential effects on the healthcare workforce. The potential applications of AI in orthopedic surgery are examined, together with developments in preoperative planning, surgical robotics, remote monitoring, predictive analytics, personalised medicine, research, and innovation. The promise of AI in orthopedic surgery is obvious, despite issues with data quality, privacy, algorithm biases, and legal constraints. The ethical and appropriate application of AI technology in orthopedic surgery has the potential to significantly enhance patient outcomes, lower complications, boost efficiency, and change the way healthcare is provided. This study lays the groundwork for future study and application in the field of orthopedic surgery by offering insightful information on the role of AI in delivering value-based healthcare.
The Future of Medicine: Harnessing the Power of AI for Revolutionizing Healthcare
Authors: Harry Alexandra
Published: July 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to completely change how healthcare is delivered, revolutionizing the healthcare sector. Precision diagnosis, proactive disease prevention, personalised treatment plans, real-time monitoring and intervention, improved medical imaging, streamlined healthcare workflows, ethical considerations, and the potential future implications of AI in healthcare are all explored in this paper. The first section describes how precision diagnosis using AI technologies is improving diagnostic accuracy. Personalised treatment regimens and earlier disease detection are made possible by machine learning algorithms' analysis of enormous volumes of patient data. Additionally, AI makes it possible to actively prevent disease by using predictive analytics to identify those who are most likely to develop a particular condition, enabling early intervention and tailored preventive actions. The second segment focuses on how AI is transforming therapeutic approaches. AI algorithms create individualised treatment regimens by analyzing patient data, including genetics, biomarkers, and information on therapy response. This maximizes treatment efficacy and minimizes side effects. Additionally, wearable technology and remote monitoring devices powered by AI allow for real-time monitoring and intervention, improving patient safety and lowering hospital readmissions. Examines how AI has affected medical imaging. Radiologists' efficiency and accuracy in identifying anomalies are increased by deep learning algorithms' analysis of complicated medical pictures like CT scans and MRIs. As a result, diagnoses are made more quickly and accurately, allowing for quicker interventions and better patient outcomes. The fourth chapter examines how AI streamlines medical procedures. Administrative responsibilities are reduced and errors are minimized by automating operations like appointment scheduling and documentation. By offering timely support and triaging symptoms, intelligent catboats and virtual assistants increase patient involvement and happiness. The fifth segment talks with ethical issues related to AI in healthcare. In order to create and use AI algorithms responsibly, patient privacy, data security, and bias mitigation are essential. Fair and equitable healthcare practices must be ensured by ethical standards and legal requirements. The abstract wraps off with a preview of the potential effects of AI on healthcare delivery in the future. Emerging medical technologies including telemedicine, robotics, predictive analytics, and AI-assisted surgery show immense promise for revolutionizing the industry. To overcome obstacles, maximize advantages, and guarantee a human-centric approach in the integration of AI in healthcare, cooperation between healthcare practitioners, technologists, policymakers, and ethicists is essential.
The Synthetic Strategy and its Role to developing the Mathematical Creative Thinking Skills
Authors: Salem Hind , Kindi Azaa , Mohammad Maha , Hamad Zahraa , Tashtoush Mohammad
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to investigate the role of the Synthetic Strategy on the development of mathematical creative thinking skills. The study sample consisted of (46) eighth-grade female students who were divided into two groups: an experimental group of (24) students taught linear equations using the Synthetic strategy, and a control group of (22) students taught using the traditional method. An experimental approach was employed, and a test for mathematical creative thinking was prepared. A pre-test and post-test were administered to both study groups, and their validity and reliability were confirmed. The Synthetic strategy was applied to teach solving linear equations. The results revealed a difference in the level of mathematical creative thinking in favor of the experimental group, and statistically significant differences were found between the mean scores of the two groups in mathematical creative thinking skills, which were attributed to the teaching strategy and in favor of the Synthetic strategy. Finally, the study recommended using the Synthetic strategy to teach linear equation and diversifying teaching strategies. It also suggested conducting further studies and research to explore the impact of different teaching strategies on the development of mathematical creative thinking skills.
Evaluation of Tax Digitalization Efforts by Federal Inland Revenue Service and their Impacts on Tax Collection 2002-2021
Authors: Mohammed Sani Damamisau , Mas'ud Abdulsalam , Karaye Yusuf Ibrahim , Sallau Muhammad Muhammad , Adam Aishatu Danjuma , Sulaiman Bashir Ali
Published: July 2023

The federating states and capital of federal republic of Nigeria are too dependent on federally collected revenues largely from oil and gas. However, taxation is indisputably the most viable and sustainable means of raising revenue for public expenditures. Therefore, the federal government can enhance its bases of taxation to generate more tax revenue for the federating units to share especially with known shocks in oil and gas revenue. Conversely, increasing number of individuals and corporate bodies that pay taxes to the federal government are making tax administration more difficult. To overcome this, the Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS) has embarked on processes of digitizing tax administration at the federal level. Consequently, the aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of the tax digitalization processes by FIRS by one, describing the digitalizations and two, by undertaking trend analyses of total tax revenue collections 2002-2021. To achieve these, secondary data is collected from the literature and publications of the FIRS while public policy analytical framework underpins the study. Results from the study revealed that there are consistencies in efforts by the FIRS to digitalize tax administration in Nigeria even though implemented in short time intervals. Similarly, on the overall, there are increasing but fluctuating trends of tax revenue collection by FIRS 2002-2021 implying the positive impacts of the current digitalization efforts.
PERCEIVED BENEFITS OF ONLINE SHOPPING AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON THE ONLINE SHOPPING BEHAVIOR OF MILLENNIALS AND GEN Z’s
Authors: LARANO ANGELOU L. , CUBELO SHARA LYNNE , EDERIO NIKKO T. , TEVES LUCY L. , MALLILLIN, SPC SR. MARIE ROSANNE , PALIJO, SPC SR. HONORATA SAHLEE TRINILYN , PLAZA KAREN T. , BABA CRISKEM , MANTALA GUILBERT R. , PIOLLO MARIVIE S. , TIU CHANDA C.
Published: July 2023

The descriptive quantitative study is a combination of the context of business and psychology. It examined the perceived benefits of online shopping affecting the behavior of online millennial and Gen Z consumers. Particularly, the researchers also investigated the advantages of online buying including price, convenience, and product variety. 160 college students from St. Paul University Surigao participated in the study. An adopted survey questionnaire developed by Arora and Aggarwal (2018) was used to gather data. Mean & Standard Deviation, Frequency Count & Percent Distribution, and Analysis of Variance were the statistical tools utilized to analyze the collected data. In terms of product variety, millennials' and Gen Zs’ behavior while shopping online resulted in high levels of satisfaction. This implies that they are really pleased with the variety of products they purchased online. Millennials and Gen Zs are satisfied as well in terms of convenience and price. Thus, they are very likely to shop online because of these three benefits. It is therefore implied that with the easiness and convenience, affordable price, and variety of products online, millennial and Gen Z shoppers are enticed and attracted to shop more online as they are highly satisfied every time they do it. On the other hand, the participants’ age, residence, parents' income, kind of internet connection, and device used somewhat influenced their purchasing pleasure. Consumers may continue to buy online because there is a wide selection of products available, prices that are competitive and friendly to one's budget, and the fact that shopping online is handy. Customers who shop online can access online businesses and buy things using modern electronic devices. Since mobile data is less expensive, online shoppers may continue utilizing it to do online purchasing.
Exploring the Opportunities, Challenges, and Ways Forward of Women in STEM Fields: A Case Study
Authors: Aquino Brian Michael A. , Balocating Lenor Sigrid C. , Candor Kathleen Jane R. , Daniel Franchesca C. , Dionglay Margarette Jewell H.
Published: July 2023

The underrepresentation of women in STEM fields impacts their participation in a male- dominated workplace. Moreover, gender discrimination and biases that affect their perceived abilities influence their decisions regarding their pursuit of STEM careers. Nonetheless, the involvement of women in STEM field continues to grow steadily. However, limited research exists to provide in-depth insights into the general experiences of women in STEM in the Philippines. Thus, this case study sought to explore the opportunities, challenges, and ways forward of women in STEM fields. The participant was selected through purposive sampling and underwent online interview via Zoom meeting. The recorded interview was transcribed and coded. Categories were clustered; then, emerging themes were derived. Based on the findings, despite the limited career advancement and gender discrimination in some aspects, women can still grow personally and professionally in STEM fields. Moreover, STEM fields offer equal job opportunities based on qualifications, and not on gender, enabling rewarding careers and driving technological advancement. However, women continue to encounter challenges caused by cultural traditions that favour men, even in the presence of opportunities. To overcome these challenges, women have adopted strategies aimed at empowering themselves, showcasing their capabilities, and challenging cultural norms within STEM fields. In conclusion, the challenges faced by women in STEM fields have diminished over time, while opportunities have expanded. Women have also demonstrated adaptability in their workplaces by employing strategic approaches and cultivating a positive mindset, allowing them to be treated equitably alongside their male counterparts.
THE IMPACT OF MICROFINANCE ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN YEMEN
Authors: ABDO ALI FAWAZ HAMOOD ABDULAZIZ
Published: July 2023

Microfinance is a financial service that provides loans, savings, and other financial products to low-income individuals and households. It is often seen as a way to promote economic growth by providing access to capital for small businesses and entrepreneurs. This study examines the impact of microfinance on economic growth in Yemen. Data on microfinance loans disbursed and economic growth (measured by GDP) was collected from the World Bank for the period 1990-2022. The data was analyzed using SPSS to determine the relationship between microfinance and economic growth. The results of the study showed a positive and significant relationship between microfinance and economic growth. This suggests that microfinance can play a role in promoting economic growth in Yemen. The study also found that the impact of microfinance on economic growth was stronger in rural areas than in urban areas. This is likely because microfinance can be more effective in providing access to capital for small businesses and entrepreneurs in rural areas, where there are fewer formal financial institutions. The findings of this study suggest that microfinance can be a valuable tool for promoting economic growth in Yemen. The government and other stakeholders should consider supporting microfinance programs to help boost economic growth and reduce poverty.
Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) Assessment of Basic Education Teachers in St. Paul University Surigao
Authors: Galindo Jessie N.
Published: July 2023

This study determined the level of teachers’ readiness in technology, content, pedagogy, and knowledge using the TPACK framework. This study employed the quantitative approach using the standard questionnaire developed by Koehler & Mishra (2008). The participants were the 67 teachers of St. Paul University Surigao Basic Education Department employed during academic year 2018-2019. In analyzing the data, the Chi-Square Statistics (X2) was used to determine the significant association of TPCK and profile variables. Results showed that there is a significant association between content knowledge and area of specialization. Significant association was also drawn between content knowledge and academic units. The action plan program by the researcher in this study can be utilized in future training on the formulation of content knowledge, pedagogical knowledge, technological knowledge, pedagogical content knowledge, technological content knowledge, technological pedagogical knowledge, and technological pedagogical content knowledge.
PREVALENCE AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN SELECTED HOSPITALS IN KIGALI, RWANDA
Authors: Said Mustafe Yusuf , Nsanzabera Charles , Safari Ernest , Dube Mohamed Jama , Tenna Mulugeta
Published: July 2023

chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a recognized global public health problem whose effects are felt across different socioeconomic. It directly resulted in an estimated 1.23 million deaths in 2017. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors with chronic kidney disease. The study was conducted under a cross-sectional study design. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was applied to collect data. This study included 87 study respondents using Yamane formula. Simple random sampling technique was used to select the study respondents. The study data collected considered the timeframe from January to March 2023. Data were entered into SPSS, coded, recorded, and analysed in SPSS version 29 was used. Bivariate and multivariate analysis were conducted to analyse the sociodemographic characteristics, and factors associated with CKD. The significance level was set to 95% CI and a P value less than 0.05. A total of 87 inpatients in the medical ward were included in this study, the prevalence of CKD in Kigali City selected hospitals was 20%. Diabetes mellitus, hypertension and malaria antecedent were significantly associated with CKD with AoR:11.264 (2.642-18.546); 6.215(3.112-22.543); 4.112(1.724-14.254) and p<0.001. Acute kidney disease, over-the-counter medication, and longer sickness period) were also significant with p<0.05. This study concluded that hypertension and diabetes are the key factors that are associated with chronic kidney disease. Therefore, this study suggests the Ministry of Health in Rwanda and international partners to increase health education/health promotion intervention by health workers for kidney protection and decrease the risk of developing serious CKD. The interventions should be oriented to non-communicable diseases prevention within a prepared periodic campaign through media, seminars, and workshops by the healthcare providers and patients who are involved.
LANDSLIDE POTENTIAL ANALYSIS ON NEW ROAD OF UNDIP-JANGLI CAMPUS, SEMARANG USING MICROTREMOR METHOD
Authors: Pasaribu Roy Jun Marselan , Yuliyanto Gatot , Yulianto Tony
Published: July 2023

Tembalang is one of the sub-districts in the Tembalang District where landslides or landslides often occur (BPS Kota Semarang, 2021). The New Undip-Jangli Semarang Campus Road is a research area which is one of the areas with a medium level of vulnerability to ground motion (PVMBG, 2022). The study was conducted using the HVSR microtremor method with a total distribution of 40 measurement points. This study aims to identify areas prone to ground movement or landslides based on subsurface characteristics from the distribution of seismic susceptibility index (Kg) values, ground shear strain (GSS) values, identify profiles of subsurface characteristics laterally based on the distribution of shear wave velocity values (Vs). , around Jalan Baru Campus Undip-Jangli Semarang. Based on the research results, the distribution value of the seismic vulnerability index (Kg) around Jalan Baru Campus Undip-Jangli is between 0.27-17.27. The distribution value of Ground Shear Strain (GSS) in the study area is between 2.46x10-4-1,39x10-3. The value of the shear wave velocity distribution (Vs) around Jalan Baru Campus Undip-Jangli Semarang is between 179-2,981 m/s. Earth movement vulnerability analysis based on the parameters above indicates several zones of vulnerability to ground movement, namely at points 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7. Points 9, 10, 13, 14 and 16 and between points 16, 24 and 32. Points 22, 30 and 38 are to the east of the New Undip-Jangli Campus Road. The zone between points 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 is to the south of the New Undip-Jangli Campus Road. At points 9, 10, 13, 14, and 16 the possible ground motions are rotational avalanches moving south.
The Tales of the Philippine Coast Guard Personnel in Responding to the Community Needs
Authors: Ababat Aaron Kevin
Published: July 2023

The Philippine Coast Guard personnel experienced a lot of challenges as they put their lives at risk while saving the community against the threat brought by the calamity. One of this life threating incident is the strong typhoon that hits Misamis Occidental. This typhoon gave the people fear in their hearts and mind specially the Philippine Coast Guard Personnel who was the one saving the lives of the community even if it costs their lives. Another incident was also when Super typhoon Odette hit the Philippines. This typhoon was hailed as one of the strongest typhoon that happened in the country that brought torrential rains, strong winds and floods. The study explored the experiences of the Philippine Coast Guard Personnel during their actual rescue or how they respond to the situation during the calamity. There were ten participants who experienced saving lives and properties during calamities served as the participant of the study. Data was obtained through the interview and analyzed through Moustaka’s Transcendental Phenomenological data analysis approach. The generated data from the participants were analyzed and gathered four (4) themes, which include: (1) Motivated to Serve; (2) Prepared to Respond to the Community Needs; (3) Resistant of the Citizens; (4) Job Satisfaction. The government and the community should continue showing their support towards the Philippine Coast Guard organization, especially in times of calamities. The government should conduct a training program for the personnel and also for the community to improve their survival skills. The organization should also conduct survival training or seminars to increase the level of preparedness of the community whenever calamity will arrive.
The Operations and Patronage Pattern of Event Centres in Ekiti State, Nigeria
Authors: JEGEDE Dr. Amen Osamede , AINA Dr. Stella Oluwatoyin Folajimi
Published: July 2023

The study was carried out to examine the location and operation of recreation and tourists event centres in Ekiti State. Data were generated directly on the field through primary method of data collection using questionnaire as the research instrument. A total of 2000 copies of structured questionnaire were administered. Results from this study revealed that, event centres significantly influence the patronage pattern of event centres in Ekiti State. Factors influencing location of event centres showed that the location of more than half of the event centres were influenced by the nearness to the road, while proximity to town centres and accessibility had almost the same influence on the location of event centres in the study area. This study therefore recommends that, café and internet facilities be included in the services provided by the management of recreation and tourist event centres. Also, government should stabilize the supply of electricity to guarantee the comfort of the customers and attracts investors, thereby reducing unemployment.
Classification of Igbo Traditional Building Finishes using Architectural Standard for Preservation of the Material Culture of a People
Authors: Onuorah Ikenna Michael , P.C. Agbonome , Obiadi Bons N.
Published: July 2023

The Igbo people in Nigeria have a rich cultural heritage, including their unique building techniques and finishes. Traditional building finishes, such as mud plastering, natural dyeing, and intricate wood carvings, were once highly valued due to their availability, affordability, and cultural significance. However, with globalization and increased access to imported construction materials, there has been a shift away from traditional finishes towards imported alternatives. Imported building finishes such as ceramic tiles, synthetic paints, and industrial coatings have become popular due to their perceived durability, convenience, and association with affluence. However, the lack of formal recognition and support for Igbo traditional building practices has led to a loss of knowledge and skills among the younger generation of builders. This loss of cultural heritage has implications for the overall vitality and resilience of Igbo communities. This study identified and classified Igbo traditional building finishes using architectural standards to preserve the material culture of a people and to serve as an architectural repository.
A PRÁTICA PEDAGÓGICA DO CENTRO DE ENSINO MÉDIO ARY RIBEIRO VALADÃO FILHO DE GURUPI – TO COM OS ITINERÁRIOS FORMATIVOS: AS UNIDADES CURICULARES ELETIVAS EM 2022
Authors: Sales de Souza Zilma
Published: July 2023

O Ensino Médio é caracterizado como  a modalidade de  ensino que consiste na última etapa  da
Educação Básica no Brasil, com a duração de três anos. O estudo tem como objetivo averiguar se o trabalho com os Itinerários Formativos, por meio da prática pedagógica em sala de aula com as Unidades Curriculares Eletivas, favorecem os estudantes no aprofundamento e ampliação das aprendizagens, e  se nas práticas desenvolvidas estão sendo asseguradas as condições de acesso, atendimento, permanência, participação e aprendizagem, no Centro de Ensino Médio Ary Ribeiro Valadão Filho, em Gurupi -TO, escola da Secretaria da Educação/SEDUC, do estado do Tocantins. Destacando a prática pedagógica e a aprendizagem dos estudantes com a nova estrutura curricular do Ensino Médio, que compreende a  Formação Geral Básica e os Itinerários Formativos, tendo como base as leis que regem a Educação Nacional e Estadual no país. A Lei n.º 13.415/2017-LDBEN/9394/96 (NEM); a Resolução CNE/CP nº 4, de 17/12/ 2018 BNCC e a Resolução Nº 169 do CEE/TO de 20/12/ 2022, republicada em 09/01/ 2023, que instituiu o Documento Curricular para o Território do Tocantins – DCT/TO/Ensino Médio. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e qualitativa que surgiu dos estudos dos documentos e leis que abordam a reforma do Ensino Médio, realizada através de reunião de ciclo presencial, usando instrumento de monitoramento da implementação dos Itinerários Formativos, em 2022.
PORTE DE ARMA DO POLICIAL MILITAR: DIREITO ABSOLUTO OU RELATIVO? UM ESTUDO DA LEGISLAÇÃO
Authors: De Sá Ribas Henrique
Published: July 2023

O policial militar ao ingressar na Polícia Militar do Paraná, após a aprovação nas disciplinas de armamento, tiro policial e outras habilitações técnicas sobre as armas utilizadas pela Corporação, adquire seu direito ao porte de arma, nos termos da Lei nº 10.826, de 22 de dezembro de 2003. Neste momento, é cautelado armamento ao policial militar apto, e ele é o responsável pela guarda, manutenção e cuidados do bem posto a sua disposição. Alguns estabelecimentos de entretenimento, como clubes, casas noturnas, ou locais de eventos com grande público e venda de bebidas alcoólicas, apresentam regras internas próprias, como a proibição de entrada portando arma de fogo. O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar a legislação, jurisprudência e normas referentes ao porte da arma de fogo do policial militar, e se esse direito pode ser restringido pelos estabelecimentos comerciais particulares. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa bibliográfica, legislativa e jurisprudencial, com apoio do google acadêmico, e buscas em sites de jurisprudências sobre o tema. Questionou-se: teria uma regra particular poder para relativizar o direito ao porte de arma do policial militar? O policial militar detém legalidade, capacidade técnica e responsabilidade para portar sua arma de fogo diuturnamente. Se houver desvios funcionais, deverão ser apurados de acordo com a legislação específica, a norma administrativa de estabelecimentos particulares não devem limitar direito adquirido, todavia, vislumbra-se posicionamento jurisprudencial mitigando tal direito.