bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ПЕРЕКЛАД БІНОМІАЛІВ У ПОЕЗІЇ Т. ШЕВЧЕНКА НІМЕЦЬКОЮ МОВОЮПЕРЕКЛАД БІНОМІАЛІВ У ПОЕЗІЇ Т. ШЕВЧЕНКА НІМЕЦЬКОЮ МОВОЮ
Authors: Баклан Ірина , Гудманян Артур
Published: September 2024

У статті охарактеризовано поняття «біноміал» та узагальнено формальні можливості перекладу біноміалів німецькою мовою. Матеріалом дослідження послугували поетичні твори Т. Шевченка та їхні переклади німецькою мовою, виконані на початку та у другій половині XX століття. Авторами проаналізовано 61 лексичну одиницю та представлено класифікацію основних засобів і прийомів перекладу біноміалів німецькою мовою. У ході дослідження застосовано методи аналізу та синтезу, а також описовий, зіставний, статистичний і трансформаційний методи. Формальними можливостями перекладу біноміалів німецькою мовою можна назвати використання композитів, прийом опущення гіпероніма, використання атрибутивного та прийменникового означень, а також прикладки, застосування синтаксичних трансформацій, зокрема підрядного відносного речення, сполучника und та збереження біноміалів у перекладі. За результатами дослідження особливостей перекладу біноміалів у поезії Т. Шевченка німецькою мовою можна виокремити прийом опущення та використання прикладки у поєднанні з прийомами перестановки, мутації та конкретизації. Опущення застосовується у разі наявності семантично надлишкової інформації в біноміалі або вірогідності викривлення смислу під час перекладу обох компонентів біноміала. Прийом опущення може поєднуватися із прийомом мутації та бути націленим на зміну плану вираження. Частотність використання композитів і сполучника und під час перекладу біноміалів значно менша порівняно з використанням опущення та прикладки. Збереження біноміалів у перекладі характерне для передачі складних іменників, компонентами яких постають власні назви та реалії. Атрибутивне означення в перекладі біноміалів можна вважати маловживаним, так само нечасто застосовується заміна одного з компонентів та описовий переклад. Переклад біноміалів у поезії має орієнтуватися не лише максимально точне відтворення змісту вихідної одиниці в тексті перекладу, а й належним чином відтворювати форму представлення художнього твору.
O PAPEL DA COMUNICAÇÃO PARA A EFETIVIDADE DAS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DE SEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR
Authors: Bernardo Cristiane Hengler Correa , Luiz Lourenzani Wagner , Dadario Natalia , Aparecido de Souza Eder , Delgado Martins Raymundo Juliana
Published: September 2024

As políticas públicas de segurança alimentar e nutricional, que objetivam melhorar a condição alimentar da população, têm sido discutidas sob os aspectos técnicos e políticos. Entretanto, o processo de comunicação para emissão e recepção da informação não tem recebido a mesma atenção. Nesse sentido, este artigo objetiva discutir o papel da comunicação para a promoção das políticas públicas de segurança alimentar. Para localizar os meios de transmissão da comunicação, assim como suas barreiras, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Os resultados mostraram que a comunicação é uma ferramenta fundamental tanto para a formulação quanto para a implementação das políticas públicas de segurança alimentar e nutricional. Percebeu-se que a interação entre os agentes do processo comunicativo pode não ocorrer de maneira satisfatória pela ausência da retroalimentação.
Predator–prey interaction in insects and arachnids: a chemical ecology perspective
Authors: Kempraj Vivek , Park Soo Jean
Published: September 2024

Animals emit distinctive semiochemicals—chemical substances that mediate interactions between organisms—and many of them have evolved means to detect and respond to these chemicals emitted by others. This results in a complex web of semiochemical-mediated interactions that are as diverse as the number of species involved. The interactions between predators and prey play out both in the present and through evolutionary time. Predators are selected to become proficient at detecting and catching prey. Concurrently, there is a selection on prey to become efficient at detecting and eluding predators. Predator–prey interaction has sequential stages starting with initial detection, attack by the predator or either evasion or counterattack by the prey, capture by the predator or escape by the prey, and ingestion by the predator or alarm by the prey. At each stage of the predator–prey interaction sequence, stage-specific semiochemicals may be released by both the predator and the prey. Despite the numerous studies of predator–prey interactions, there is surprisingly little information available about the semiochemicals that mediate predator–prey interactions in insects and arachnids. Most work has been limited to bioassays that demonstrate or suggest the presence and biological role of semiochemicals, but in the large majority of cases, the chemical composition of semiochemicals remains unstudied. Here, we attempt to discuss evidence of predator- or prey-produced semiochemicals that induce or prime a predatory or anti-predatory behavior in terrestrial insects and arachnids, and the potential for developing these biologically active compounds as pest management tools.
A Channel State Information and Geomagnetic Fused Fingerprint Localization Algorithm Based on Multi-Input CNN
Authors: Cheng Zhenhao , Zhao Dongqing , Guo Wenzhuo , Lai Luguang , Li Linyang
Published: September 2024

With the urgent need of precise positioning faced by internet of things (IoT) applications, the universality and cost of indoor positioning devices become key factors. Since the 5G network has been widely deployed, new opportunity is brought by tightly fusing the traditional low-cost sensors, i.e., the magnetometer. In this study, using 5G channel state information (CSI) and geomagnetic data, a multi-input convolutional neural network (CNN) localization system was proposed. First, to generate a data tensor that is easy for CNN processing, the raw data was reconstructed individually. Then, to comprehensively incorporate the features of 5G CSI and geomagnetic strength data, the ReLU function was chosen as the activation function of the convolutional layer. After that, a multi-input CNN was trained using the incorporated geomagnetic strength and CSI amplitude in the off-line side, and the trained CNN was recorded as a location fingerprint, which can be used for the user position prediction. Finally, in the online side and using a multi-input CNN, the 2-D coordinates are estimated and tested indoors in a typical conference room scenario. The results showed that longer sampling time of fingerprint data result in better uniqueness of the reference point, while the data collection time of locating points does not need to be long. Taking the positioning efficiency and accuracy into consideration, a sampling time of 3s at the reference point and 0.2s at the locating point are recommended. The positioning accuracy using the proposed method was 1.41 m, with an improvement of 22.9% compared with the 5G positioning, and an improvement of 18.0% compared with the 5G and geomagnetic fusing positioning using single CNN.
Multi-UAV Escape Target Search: A Multi-Agent Reinforce-ment Learning Method
Authors: Liao Guang , Wang Jian , Yang Dujia , Yang Junan
Published: September 2024

The multi-UAV target search problem is crucial in the field of autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) decision-making. The algorithm design of Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) methods has become integral to research on multi-UAV target search, due to its adaptability to the rapid online decision-making required by UAVs in complex, uncertain environments. In non-cooperative target search scenarios, targets may have the ability to escape, complicating UAVs' search efforts and hindering the convergence of the MARL algorithm training. This paper investigates the multi-UAV target search problem in scenarios involving static obstacles and dynamic escape targets, modeling the problem within the framework of Decentralized Partially Observable Markov Decision Process. Based on this model, a Spatio-Temporal Efficient Exploration network and a Global Convolutional Local Ascent mechanism are proposed. Subsequently,we introduce a Multi-UAV Escape Target Search Algorithm Based on MAPPO(ETS-MAPPO) for addressing the escape target search difficulty problem. Simulation results demonstrate that the ETS-MAPPO algorithm outperforms five classical MARL algorithms in terms of the number of target searches,the area coverage rate, and other metrics.
IRB-YOLO: An efficient Vatica Segmentation Model based on Inverted Residual Block for Drone Camera
Authors: Yu Caili , Mai Yanheng , Yang Caijuan , Zheng Jiaqi , Liu Yongxin , Yu Chaoran
Published: September 2024

The growing use of drones in precision agriculture highlights the need for enhanced operational efficiency. Despite the ability of computer vision based on deep learning has made remarkable progress in the past ten years, when it comes to segmentation task on UAVs, there is always a conflict between the demand of high precision and low inference latency. Due to such a dilemma, we propose the IRB-YOLO, an efficiency model based on Inverted Residual Block, devoting to provide constructive strategies in real-time detection tasks of UAV camera. The working details of this paper are as follows: (1) This paper innovates with a IR-Block(Inverted Residual Block), integrated into a refined YOLOv8-seg structure to create IRB-YOLO. This model specializes in pixel-level classification of UAV-acquired RGB images, facilitating the creation of exact maps to guide agricultural strategies. (2)When it comes to the experiments on a Vatica dataset with any other light-weight segmentation model, IRB-YOLO achieve at least a 3.3% increase in mAP. Further validation using a diverse species dataset confirms its robust generalization. (3)Without overloading the complex attention mechanism and deeper and deeper network, a stem that incorporates efficient feature extraction components, inverted residual block, can still possess outstanding modeling capabilities. IRB-YOLO builds a bridge between academic research and edge deployment of drones, making it applicable in real-world scenarios.
Optimized Polyhydroxybutyrate Production by Neobacillus Niacinii GS1 Utilizing Corn Flour, Wheat Bran, and Peptone: A Sustainable Approach
Authors: Gaurav Shrimali , Ajit Gangawane , Esha Rami , Hardik Shah , Kashyap Thumar , Sahoo Deepak , Patel Ashish , Schmidt Jens Ejbye
Published: September 2024

Plastic pollution is a pressing environmental challenge, necessitating the development of biodegradable alternatives like polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB). This study focuses on optimizing PHB production by Neobacillus niacinii GS1, a bacterium isolated from a municipal dumping site. By utilizing agricultural residues such as corn flour, wheat bran, and peptone as substrates, we aimed to establish an eco-friendly method for biopolymer production, contributing to sustainable waste management and bioplastic innovation. The bacterium was identified using morphological, biochemical, and molecular techniques. The optimization process involved adjusting variables such as inoculum age, inoculum size, incubation time, agitation rate, incubation temperature, pH of the medium, carbon sources and nitrogen sources. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to identify optimal conditions, with the highest PHB yield of 61.1% achieved under specific conditions: 37°C, pH 7, and an agitation rate of 150 rpm. These findings underscore the potential of Neobacillus niacinii GS1 in converting agro-industrial residues into valuable biopolymers, promoting sustainable bioplastic production, and advancing waste valorization efforts through the use of eco-friendly materials.
Kisspeptin Alleviates Human Hepatic Fibrogenesis by Inhibiting TGFb Signaling in Hepatic Stellate Cells
Authors: Prasad Kavita , Bhattacharya Dipankar , Shams Shams Gamal Eldin , Izarraras Kimberly , Hart Tia , Mayfield Brent , Blaszczyk Maryjka B. , Zhou Zhongren , Pajvani Utpal B. , Friedman Scott L. , Bhattacharya Moshmi
Published: September 2024

The peptide hormone kisspeptin attenuates liver steatosis, metabolic dysfunction-associated stea-tohepatitis (MASH) and fibrosis in mouse models, by signaling via the kisspeptin 1 receptor (KISS1R). However, whether kisspeptin impacts fibrogenesis in the human liver is not known. We investigated the impact of a potent kisspeptin analog (KPA) on fibrogenesis using human precision cut liver slices (hPCLS) from fibrotic livers from male patients, in human hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), LX-2 and in primary mouse HSCs. In hPCLS, 48 h and 72 h of KPA (3 nM, 100 nM) treatment decreased collagen secretion, and lowered expression of fibrogenic and inflammatory markers. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that KISS1R is expressed and localized to HSCs in MASH/fibrotic livers. In HSCs, KPA treatment reduced transforming growth factor beta (TGFb)-induced expression of fibrogenic and inflammatory markers, in addition to decreasing TGFb induced collagen secretion, cell migration, proliferation and colony formation. Mechanistically, KISS1R signaling downregulated TGFb signaling by decreasing SMAD2/3 phosphorylation, via activation of protein-phosphatases PP2A, that dehosphorylates SMAD 2/3. This study revealed for the first time that kisspeptin reverses human hepatic fibrogenesis thus identifying it as a new therapeutic target to treat hepatic fibrosis.
Early Experience with Inner Branch Stent-Graft System for Endovascular Repair of Thoraco-Abdominal and Pararenal Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Authors: Cuozzo Simone , Marzano Antonio , Martinelli Ombretta , Molinari Andrea , Jabbour Jihad , Brizzi Vincenzo , Sbarigia Enrico
Published: September 2024

Objectives: We aim to evaluate technical and clinical outcomes with E-nside stent-graft for thoraco-abdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA) and pararenal abdominal aortic aneurysm (PAAA) endovascular treatment at our University Hospital Center.
Methods: Retrospective analysis of patients electively treated by inner branched EVAR (iBEVAR) between 05/2021 and 03/2023. Demographics, procedural and clinical data were analyzed. Technical success and clinical outcomes, such as access-site related complications were reported. Perioperative and early mortality rate, freedom from aortic reintervention, Target vessels (TVs) patency and endoleak rate were evaluated during the follow-up. Technical aspects (external iliac artery diameter, iliac tortuosity, extent of aortic coverage) were retrospectively analyzed.
Results: Twenty-two patients included (age 75.9±5.5; 72.7% male). Aneurism extent was Craw-ford I=4 (18.2%), III=8 (36.4%), IV=5 (22.7%), V=1 (4.5%) and PAAA=4 (18.2%). Mean aortic di-ameter was 63.5±9.9mm. The technical success 95.5% (assisted primary success 100%). The clini-cal success 86.4%. Perioperative and early freedom from all-cause mortality rate 90.9% and 90%, respectively. No case of inter-stage aortic-related mortality reported, as no permanent/temporary spinal cord ischemia (SCI). Seventy-eight out of 81 patent TVs were incorporated through a bridging stent (96.3%). TV success 95.1%. Mean external iliac artery (EIA) diameter 7.5±1.1mm. Twelve patients (six women, 100%) were considered outside the instructions for use (IFU) due to narrow iliac arteries. One access-site related complication reported.
Conclusions: Our experience confirms that E-nside has promising technical and clinical success rates, as low reintervention rate, but requires a great sacrifice of healthy aorta and adequate iliac arteries that still represent a limitation, especially among women. Mid- to long-term studies and prospective registries are mandatory to evaluate long-term efficacy and safety, as a comparison between E-nside and other alternative off-the-shelf solution.
Gravitational Lensing Effects from Models of Loop Quantum Gravity with Rigorous Quantum Parameters
Authors: Li Haida , Zhang Xiangdong
Published: September 2024

Many previous works have studied gravitational lensing effects from Loop Quantum Gravity. So far, Gravitational lensing effects from Loop Quantum Gravity have only been studied by choosing large quantum parameters much larger than the Planck scale. However, by construction, the quantum parameters of the effective models of Loop Quantum Gravity are usually related to the Planck length and, thus, are extremely small. In this work, by strictly imposing the quantum parameters as initially constructed, we study the true quantum corrections of gravitational lensing effects by five effective black hole models of Loop Quantum Gravity. Our study reveals several interesting results, including the different scales of quantum corrections displayed by each model and the connection between the quantum correction of deflection angles and the quantum correction of the metric. Observables related to the gravitational lensing effect are also obtained for all models in the case of SgrA* and M87*.
Chinese Event Trigger Recommendation Model for High-Accuracy Applications
Authors: Duan Jiashun , Zhang Xin
Published: September 2024

Event detection provides a crucial foundation for intelligent text analysis and supports numerous downstream applications. However, existing detection models often fail to meet the high accuracy requirements and typically require a human–machine collaborative detection mode involving “machine detection followed by manual audit and correction.” Analysis reveals that the recall rate of machine detection is a major factor limiting the efficiency of human–machine collaboration. To address this at its root and ensure high recall, an event trigger recommendation task is introduced, and a span-based recommendation model for Chinese, SpETR (Span-based Event Trigger Recommender), is developed. This model integrates confidence information from both trigger identification and event classification stages to recommend candidate triggers and their event types for each event. To enhance recall, a semantic boundary smoothing method is proposed, which assigns soft labels to spans around gold triggers based on semantic completeness and part-of-speech, combined with a modified focal loss function to make the model predictions smoother. Experiments on DuEE and a self-built dataset show that SpETR is most effective when the number of recommendations is set to 3, achieving recall rates of 97.76% and 98.70%, respectively, comprising improvements of 4.30% and 5.22% over the optimal baseline models. In terms of human–machine collaborative detection, SpETR saved 30.6% and 25.8% of time compared to traditional detection models on two datasets, and the average F1 score of the annotation results was also improved by 5.35% and 3.48%, respectively.
Effect of Virtual Reality Technology in Table Tennis Teaching: A Multi-Center Controlled Study
Authors: Ma Tingyu , Du Wenhao , Zhang Qiufen
Published: September 2024

This study investigated the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) technology in table tennis education compared to traditional training methods. A 12-week randomized controlled trial was conducted with 120 participants divided equally between VR and traditional training groups. Performance metrics, learning motivation, and satisfaction were assessed at regular intervals. Results demonstrated significant advantages of VR training, with the VR group showing superior improvements in serve accuracy (23.5% vs. 15.8%, p < 0.001), rally endurance (increase of 8.2 vs. 5.7 shots, p < 0.01), and overall skill scores (18.7 vs. 13.2 points improvement, p < 0.001). The VR group also exhibited higher increases in learning motivation (23.5% vs. 12.8%, p < 0.001) and satisfaction (31.5% vs. 18.7%, p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed particular benefits for novice players and younger participants. These findings suggest that VR technology offers a promising approach to enhance table tennis education, potentially revolutionizing sports training methodologies. Future research should focus on long-term skill retention and the optimization of VR training protocols.
The Metallothionein System in Tetrahymena Thermophila Is Iron Inducible
Authors: Gualandris Davide , Rotondo Davide , Lorusso Candida , Calisi Antonio , Dondero Francesco
Published: September 2024

Metallothioneins are multifunctional proteins implicated in various cellular processes. They have been used as biomarkers of heavy metal exposure and contamination due to their intrinsic ability to bind heavy metals and their transcriptional response to both physiological and noxious metal ions such as cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg). In this study, we aimed to clarify the role of iron and reactive oxygen species (ROSs) in the induction of the metallothionein system (Mtt) in the ciliate protozoan Tetrahymena thermophila. We investigated the relative mRNA abundances of the metallothionein genes Mtt1, Mtt2/4, and Mtt5, revealing for the first time their responsiveness to iron exposure. Furthermore, by using inhibitors of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), alone or in combination with iron, we highlighted the roles of superoxide ion and endogenous hydrogen peroxide, as well as the complex interplay between the metal and ROSs. These results enhance our understanding of the metallothionein system in ciliates and suggest that ROSs may be a primary evolutionary driver for the selection of these proteins in nature.
Acceleration of Green Transitions on the Base of Port Organizational Ecosystem’s Resilience Enhancement: Socio-Technological Approach
Authors: Valioniene Elena , Zuperkiene Erika , Placiene Birute
Published: September 2024

Seaports are critical hubs in global trade, facing increasing pressure to accelerate green transi-tions while navigating evolving economic and environmental landscapes. This research analyses the intricate relationship between port organizational ecosystem resilience and the successful implementation of green transitions, highlighting the challenges and opportunities in moving towards a more sustainable future. The research employed a combined focus group interview and participatory observation methodology to gather insights from experts. Analysis revealed that while technological advancements are a primary driver for greening port operations, a lack of managerial capacity is a significant impediment to the successful integration of these innova-tions. It was identified several challenges, including outdated infrastructure, cybersecurity threats, and the need for ongoing investments in new technologies, along with the need to foster a sustainable behaviour culture. Experts emphasized the importance of developing managerial competencies and continuous learning. The research also highlights the role of strong stake-holder partnerships, including collaboration with government agencies, industry associations, and environmental organizations. This research provides valuable insights for policymakers, port managers, and other stakeholders seeking to navigate the challenges for ensuring a sus-tainable future for the maritime sport organizational ecosystems and maritime industry.
Evaluation of Body Composition and Biochemical Parameters in Adult PKU
Authors: Balci Mehmet Cihan , Karaca Meryem , Gunes Dilek , Korbeyli Huseyin Kutay , Selamioglu Arzu , Gokcay Gulden
Published: September 2024

Background/Objectives: Phenylketonuria is a hereditary metabolic disorder characterized by a deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase. Main treatment for PKU is a phenylalanine-restricted diet. Exclusion of protein rich natural foods and inclusion of low-Phe substitutes may give rise to an imbalanced diet increasing the risk of overweight and obesity in PKU is a cause of concern. We aimed to evaluate the body composition and nutritional biochemical biomarkers in adult PKU patients who are on Phe-restricted and essential amino acids supplemented nutrition therapy and to investigate the relationships, between these parameters and patient gender, adherence to dietary therapy and disease type defined as mild or classic PKU. Methods: The study group comprised 37 PKU patients and 26 healthy siblings as controls. The participants were assessed based on an analysis of anthropometric parameters, body composition and biochemical test results. Results: PKU patients do not have a higher incidence of overweight and obesity than healthy controls, and the proportion of energy derived from carbohydrates in their diets was below the recommended level, and the total energy intake was below the recommended daily allowance. It was remarkable that patients with a treatment adherence ratio of <50% displayed a higher prevalence of overweight and abdominal obesity in comparison to those with a more favorable treatment adherence ratio. Conclusions: In view of the growing prevalence of overweight in the general population, PKU patients should be kept under close long-term follow-up. Particularly in the group with low treatment compliance, more caution should be paid in terms of adverse outcomes.
Demand Forecasting for Emergency Supplies through Improved Dynamics Model: A reflection on the Post Epidemic Era
Authors: Zhuang Weiqing , Wu Qiong , Wang Morgan C.
Published: September 2024

From ancient times to the present, mankind has struggled with infectious diseases that pose a serious threat to people's lives, COVID-19 pandemic has given a huge impact to the human society, which has triggered a lot of thinking. In the future, humans may encounter various unexpected disasters or awful events, therefore, should learn from COVID-19 pandemic incident that need to pay special attention to the emergency supply of manpower and materials, whether a major disaster or not. That is emergency medical management is very important in the event of a sudden outbreak. What’s more, the preparation and scheduling of emergency medical supplies well safeguards people’s lives, health, and safety. However, owing to the sudden onset of an epidemic and given the population trends, the scale of infections and the demand for supplies in the epidemic area are uncertain. The main influencing factors and mechanisms of emergency material demand under the development trend of emergencies can be studied, and materials can be allocated efficiently and effectively, so as to minimize damage. In this study, it improves upon the dynamics model of infectious diseases firstly, by establishing a demand forecasting model for a certain area, taking the Hubei province as an example. Furthermore, this dynamics model is used to predict demand for emergency supplies, such as masks, respirators, and food in the area where the disaster will occur. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and reliability of this prediction model, which supports for the development of emergency material management systems, ulterior, this study provides a framework for the distribution of emergency supplies and a guideline for relief efforts.
Experimental State Observer of the Population Inversion of a Multistable Erbium-Doped Fiber Laser
Authors: Magallón-García Daniel Alejandro , López-Mancilla Didier , Jaimes-Reátegui Rider , García-López Juan Hugo , Huerta-Cuellar Guillermo , Ontañón-García Luis Javier , Soto-Casillas Fabian
Published: September 2024

In this work, numerical and experimental implementation of a state observer applied to an Erbium-Doped Fiber Laser (EDFL) has been developed. The state observer is designed through the mathematical model of the EDFL to estimate the non-measurable variable; however, in numerical estimation, the state variables can be measurable given the mathematical model. Only the laser intensity variable was experimentally measured. The state observer estimated the population inversion through the obtained experimental laser intensity time series fitted with their numerical laser intensity using the mean square error (MSE) tool. A bifurcation diagram of the population inversion time series local maximum was built from the state observer. The state space of the experimental laser intensity versus observed population inversion was built.
Hydrogen and CO Over-Equilibria in Catalytic Reactions of Methane Reforming
Authors: Trishch Vitaliy R. , Vilboi Mykhailo O. , Yablonsky Gregory S. , Kovaliuk Dmytro O.
Published: September 2024

Hydrogen and carbon monoxide over-equilibria have been found computationally in kinetic dependencies of methane reforming catalytic reactions (steam and dry reforming) using conditions of the conservatively perturbed equilibrium (CPE) phenomenon, i.e. at the initial equilibrium concentration of hydrogen or carbon monoxide.  The influence of pressure, temperature, flow rate and composition of the initial mixture on the position of the CPE point (the extremum point) was investigated in a wide domain of parameters. It is demonstrated that the CPE phenomenon significantly increases the product concentration (H2 and CO) at the reactor length which is significantly less than the reactor length required to reach the equilibrium. The CPE-point was interpreted as the “turning point” in kinetic behavior.  Recommendations on the temperature and pressure regimes are different from the traditional ones related to the Le Chatelier’s law. Obtained results provide valuable information on optimal reaction conditions for complex reversible chemical transformations, offering potential applications in chemical engineering processes.
Face Off: The Socio-Political Background of the COVID-19 Syndemic in USA
Authors: BIRO JAN C
Published: September 2024

Background:
The Covid-19 pandemic was in reality a syndemic there the balance between a multitude of biological (Nature-made) and socio-political (men-made) factors determined individually the outcome of every single infection, on a scale of nothing-to-fatal. Blaming the virus for everything bad that happened to us after January 2020 is incorrect. Now, in ~ 2 years distance from the syndemic, it may be timely and possible to uncover the human contribution to this historical event and learn of it.

Objective:
To identify and use some qualitative approach to estimate the objective, statistical / epidemiological ‘value’ of the virus-selected individuals (in age-normalized groups) for the rest of the society. This non-political, non-religious approach may be the only way to understand the benefit / cost ratio of actions and emergency orders we had to survive in addition to the virus itself.

Methods:
Statistical data were obtained from publicly available official databases, including the relevant actuarial tables and evaluated by widely used statistical methods. The estimation of statistical/epidemiological ‘value of life’ was based, strictly and exclusively, on the real age and the statistically calculated Residual Life Expectancy (RLE, i.e. remaining years alive at a given age).

The American healthcare expenses were compared to the corresponding healthcare costs/capita in other similarly well-developed west-European countries. This was the only available method to get some ideas about the magnitude of the well-established (rational) healthcare spending and compare it to the American standards.

Results
1) Life expectancy uninterruptedly increased in USA since 1933, due to continuous reduction of Mortality Rate of the youngest and oldest citizens. COVID didn’t stop the population growth (+8.2 M /2020-2023).
2) The total count of Excess COVID associated Deaths (XCD) is ~ 2-times as much as the official statistic was able to explain by virus infection. It is speculated that these Complementary Covid Deaths (CCD) are probably the unexpected side-effects of the pandemic related emergency orders.
3) The worldwide ‘longevity’ trend exponentially increased the healthcare expenses, especially the care of elderly. However the USA is unique in this aspect and the healthcare costs are irrationally much higher than in any other country.
4) We can see a large economic incentive in the development of excesses under COVID syndemic.

Conclusions
The harm of the COVID virus - as well as the benefits of the mandatory, emergency actions during the pandemic - were grossly over-estimated. Professional, unbiased (non-religious, non-political) and independent reviews are strongly recommended.
Changes in Race Performance during the Underwater Phases of a 200 m Bi-Fins Race Simulation after Application Respiratory Muscle Training – Case Study in the Current World Record Holder
Authors: Michalica Tomáš , Březnina Jakub , Polach Marek , Born Dennis Peter , Mališ Jiří , Svozil Zbyněk , Kociánová Eva
Published: September 2024

Maximal athletic performance can be limited by various factors, including restricted respiratory function. These limitations can be mitigated through targeted respiratory muscle training, as supported by numerous studies. However, the full potential of respiratory training in competitive finswimming has not been fully investigated. This case study aims to evaluate performance variability during underwater phases in an elite Bi-Fins swimmer (current world record holder and multiple world championship medallist) over a 200m race simulation after an eight-week respiratory training using Airofit PRO™. Performance variability was assessed based on pre-test, inter-test, and post-test data. Each measurement included pulmonary function, body composition, and swim performance evaluations. The swimmer followed a 28-day training program with the AiroFit PRO™ respiratory trainer between tests. Significant improvements were observed in Wilcoxon paired-sample test between the pre-test and post-test in underwater distance (p=0.012; d=1.26), underwater time (p=0.012; d=1.26), and number of underwater kicks (p=0.043; d=1.01), resulting in a 14.23% longer underwater distance, 14.08% longer underwater time, and 14.94% increase in underwater kicks. Despite increased distance and time, underwater velocity remained stable, indicating improved underwater performance efficiency. The results suggest that the AiroFit PRO™ respiratory trainer has practical applications in finswimming training programs.
GOOSE Secure: A Comprehensive Dataset for In-Depth Analysis of GOOSE Spoofing Attacks in Digital Substations
Authors: Tobar-Rosero Oscar Andrés , Roa Romero Omar , Rueda Carvajal Germán Darío , Leal Alexander , Botero Juan Felipe , Gutierrez Sergio Armando , Branch John Willian , Zapata Germán Darío
Published: September 2024

Cybersecurity in Critical Infrastructures, and in particular Digital Substations is a topic of wide interest for industry and academic community. One of the approaches widely used to support research on this field is the use of datasets (i.e., traffic samples collected during the operation of an infrastructure). However, generating datasets from operational electrical systems presents certain challenges: i) The generation of these datasets generally implies the operation under controlled or ideal conditions, which possible ignores the dynamics of real-world operations within a digital electrical substation; and ii) Captured data often contains sensitive information, posing challenges for publication within the research community. This paper introduces the development of a dataset for cybersecurity research, focusing on the analysis of GOOSE spoofing attacks, given the critical role of GOOSE protocol in executing operational and control actions within Digital Substations. The dataset exposes the real effect of the attack by executing unwanted operations or actions under various operational conditions, including both stable electrical system scenarios and situations where failures are present in the electrical system. The dataset was acquired from a laboratory testbed developed within a physical infrastructure that emulates the actual operation of a digital substation with two bays. Experiments allowed to observe relevant properties of the traffic associated to GOOSE protocol, and the actual vulnerability of a DS infrastructure regarding Spoofing Attacks.
Hydration and Mechanical Properties of Cement Kiln Dust Blended Cement Composite
Authors: Lee Woo-Seok , Choi Young-Cheol
Published: September 2024

This study aims to investigate the effects of cement kiln dust (CKD) on the hydration reactions and mechanical properties of cement and to evaluate its potential for use as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM). The key variables are the CKD type and incorporation rate. Cement paste and mortar specimens containing CKD were prepared to examine their effects on the cement hydration and mechanical properties. The impact on hydration was assessed using setting time measurements, heat of hydration tests, and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). In addition, compressive strength tests were conducted to evaluate the effect of CKD on the mechanical properties of the cement. The results indicated that CKD promoted early cement hydration and enhanced the early age mechanical properties. However, owing to its lack of pozzolanic reactivity, it did not significantly affect long-term hydration. Given that the effects of CKD vary slightly depending on its chemical composition, careful consideration of CKD's properties suggests that its potential use as a SCM is promising.
Risk of Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation in COVID-19 Patients Receiving Immunosuppressive Treatment – Prospective Study
Authors: Mihai Nicoleta , Olariu Mihaela Cristina , Ganea Oana-Alexandra , Adamescu Aida-Isabela , Molagic Violeta , Aramă Ștefan Sorin , Tilișcan Cătălin , Aramă Victoria
Published: September 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the risk of hepatitis B virus reactivation (HBVr) in COVID-19 patients receiving immunosuppressive treatment, which has been insufficiently studied to date. Secondarily, we aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence of HBV infection in COVID-19 patients. Methods: We performed an HBV screening in all Romanian adults hospitalized in 4 COVID-19 wards between October 2021 and September 2022. We enrolled patients with positive hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) without protective hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs), HBV treatment or immunosuppressive conditions, whom we followed virologically at 3 months. Results: We identified 333/835 (39.9%) anti-HBc-positive patients. Follow-up was performed in 13 patients with positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg) and 19 HBsAg-negative/anti-HBc-positive patients. Among those who received immunosuppressants, 4/23 (17.4%) patients experienced HBVr: 1 out of 8 (12.5%) HBsAg-positive patients (with 1.99 log increase in HBV DNA level) and 3 out of 15 (20%) HBsAg-negative/anti-HBc-positive patients (with de novo detectable HBV DNA level). Conclusions: Administration of COVID-19 immunosuppressants may result in a significant risk of HBVr in co-infected patients. We recommend performing an HBV triple screen panel (HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc) in all COVID-19 patients receiving immunosuppressive treatment. HBV prophylaxis may be indicated in certain patients. Larger studies are needed in order to establish an appropriate and cost-effective management in these patients.
Sudden Blurring of Vision and Micropsia Following Acute Hot Pepper Consumption: A Case Report and Hypothesis
Authors: Rastmanesh Reza , Sağdıçoğlu Celep Gülçin , Marotta Francesco , Aperio Cristiana , He Fang
Published: September 2024

Background: Retinal hemorrhages are an important ophthalmic diagnostic sign of underlying systemic vascular disorder. Capsaicin is a bioactive component of chili peppers used in most countries. Capsaicin crosses the blood–brain barrier in an efficient manner. Human exposure to capsaicinoids through diet is frequent and often substantial. Presumed lack of capsaicin toxicity in diet does not preclude rare adverse effects related to actions on the central neural system. Particularly on the retina, due to the reasons outlined in this case report.
Methods: A case of a 34-year-old man, who reported sudden blurring of vision and micropsia in his left eye following ingestion of a considerable amount of red pepper.
Results: The case study suggests that acute or chronic consumption of substantial amounts of hot red pepper in individuals with high reactivity towards TRPV1 agonists and/or higher expression of TRPV1 receptors in retinal ganglion cells causes retinal neovascularization.
Conclusion: Acute consumption of red pepper may harm vision. This hypothesis can be easily evaluated retrospectively in larger sets of data.
Dysregulated Expression of Selected miRNAs in Human Papillomavirus-Positive Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia/Prostatitis and Prostate Cancer
Authors: Salgado-Hernández Sandra Viridiana , Martínez-Retamoza Lucero , Ocadiz-Delgado Rodolfo , Pérez-Mora Salvador , Cedeño-Arboleda Gladys , Gómez-García María del Consuelo , Gariglio Patricio , Pérez-Ishiwara David Guillermo
Published: September 2024

Chronic prostatitis has been found to be associated with the genesis of Benign Prostatic Hyper-plasia (BPH) and subsequent development of prostate cancer (PCa). It has been described that human papillomavirus (HPV) tends to infect the prostatic epithelium; however, correlation be-tween HPV infection and prostate pathology remains to be elucidated. Considering that HPV in-fection can affect cellular pathways, we investigated here the putative role of HPV in the expres-sion of selected miRNAs involved in inflammation, proliferation, and oncogenesis in BPH, BPH/prostatitis and PCa clinical samples. Our results demonstrated that 67.2 % of benign lesions and 93.4% of cancer samples were HPV-positive. Interestingly, we found downregulation of miR-34a, miR-143, and miR-145, as well as upregulation of miR-221 in tissue with BPH and BPH/prostatitis. In HPV-positive PCa samples, let-7c, miR-34a, miR-126, miR-221, miR-145, and miR-106a were found to be downregulated, suggesting their involvement in the formation of a pro-oncogenic microenvironment. Consistent with these results, we found that altered expression levels of miR-34a, miR-145, miR-106a, miR-21 and miR-221 showed a correlation with high-risk HPV-positive PCa samples. The differential expression of these miRNAs induced by HPV could be useful for the identification of potential therapeutic biomarkers, opening a new approach for di-agnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic targeting in prostate cancer.
Interplay Between the Circadian Clock and Sirtuins
Authors: Zhuang Yan , Zhang Yantong , Liu Chao , Zhong Yingbin
Published: September 2024

The circadian clock is an autonomous timekeeping system evolved by organisms to adapt to external changes, regulating a variety of important physiological and behavioral processes. Recent studies have shown that the sirtuin family of histone deacetylases is involved in regulating the expression of clock genes and plays an important role in maintaining the normal rhythm of clock gene expression and behavior. Moreover, sirtuins are regulated directly or indirectly by the circadian clock system. The mutual regulation between the circadian clock and sirtuins is likely involved in a variety of signal transduction and metabolism processes. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms and research progress on the intertwined relationship between the circadian clock and sirtuins, highlighting sirtuins as molecular links between metabolic control and circadian rhythms and offering our perspectives on future developments in the field.
Analysis of Emergency Services on Patient Satisfaction with Social Security Administration Agency
Authors: Pont Anna Veronica
Published: September 2024

This study aims to understand the role of BPJS Kesehatan as a variable that mediates or mediates the relationship between emergency services and patient satisfaction. This can include how administrative processes, access to services, or costs incurred by BPJS affect the relationship between service and satisfaction. Quantitative studies of a correlational nature are a part of this investigation. In order to forecast endogenous variables (Y) Purchase decisions, researchers conduct correlational studies, which examine the link between one or more variables and other factors. Here, X represents emergency services, Y stands for patient satisfaction, and M for BPJS are the exogenous variables. The purpose of this research is to examine the role of BPJS as a moderator between the impact of emergency services on patients' levels of satisfaction. There were 120 people that filled out the survey, and the margin of error was 10% (based on a 90% truth rate and a 10% error rate). Purposive sampling was used to select participants for the aforementioned studies. Warppls 8.0 and the Warp Partial Least Square program were utilized for data analysis in this investigation. The study found that PKD significantly and positively affected 71% of participants' happiness with the impact they received. With a 63% influence, PKD has a favorable and statistically significant effect on BPJS. Patient satisfaction is significantly impacted by BPJS, which has a favorable association. When looking at the connection between community satisfaction and emergency services, BPJS is a key mediator. Community satisfaction can be enhanced through the provision of fast and excellent emergency services, and BPJS plays a vital role in mediating this relationship. The beneficial effect of emergency services on community satisfaction can be amplified if BPJS is able to offer sufficient coverage while simultaneously reducing costs and expediting administrative processes.
Assessing the Societal Risks of AI’s Rapid Advancement: Innovation or Threat to Safety?
Authors: Zaib Oma , Ali Abbas Raza
Published: September 2024

The rapid acceleration of artificial intelligence (AI) has sparked extensive debate about its impact on the safety and security of society. While AI has shown trans- formative potential, particularly in areas such as healthcare and independent structures where it complements productivity and minimizes human error, accu- racy and protection. However, the misuse of artificial intelligence poses real risks, along with threats such as deep counterfeiting, computer cyber-attacks and the manipulation of social behavior through disinformation. These risks vary from privacy and cyber security breaches to moral dilemmas around liability. The unchecked improvement of AI is expected to threaten the social order, so the relationship between innovation and governance is essential so that AI-related threats do not overshadow its benefits. This article offers a detailed assessment and review of the literature that studies the potential dangers that AI poses to society. The cumulative effects underscore the urgent need for comprehensive regulatory frameworks to mitigate these threats.
Stakeholders' Perceptions Regarding the Impact of the Working Environment on the Occupational Safety, Health, and Well-Being of Street-Based Sex Workers in Brussels
Authors: Gateault Sophie , Håkansson Carita , Oudin Anna
Published: September 2024

In Belgium, sex work was recently decriminalized to enhance street-based sex workers’ (SSWs) health. This qualitative study explores stakeholders' perceptions of the impact of the working environment on street-based sex workers’ occupational safety, health and well-being in Brussels. In-depth interviews with seven stakeholders directly involved with SSWs were conducted with data analyzed using qualitative content analysis. The analysis of study data resulted in one theme: “A power imbalance and a lack of concerted efforts among stakeholders are detrimental to the occupational safety, health, and well-being of street-based sex workers”. In Brussels, the majority of SSWs face various challenges due to structural vulnerabilities, thus limiting their choices regarding their work environment, and further compromising their health. Limited access to resources and severe constraints within their working environment contribute to a lack of safety and adverse health outcomes. A stigma mechanism fueled by ideology and personal interests prevent the enforcement of their rights regarding their working environment, safety and health promotion. The lack of involvement of key stakeholders, especially from the public sector, prevents the majority of SSWs in Brussels from benefiting from a sound working environment and the promotion of their health, safety and well-being.