bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on crack propagation behaviour of EB-PVD TBCs based on TGO evolution
Authors: Wang Lulu , Zhan Jinying , Liu Yankuan , Wang Yuansheng , Ajayi Akinola , Wang Zhiping
Published: October 2023

Thermal Barrier Coatings (TBCs) are functional coatings used to protect high-temperature components that are prone to early damage and premature failure under the influence of complex working conditions. This paper examines the crack propagation behaviour of 8% yttria-stabilized zirconia (8YSZ) EB-PVD TBCs under different oxidation conditions at 1100 °C. The morphology of interfacial cracks after oxidation was summarized and the evolution of thermally grown oxide (TGO) was quantified. Based on the evolution of TGO, the causes of crack propagation were analyzed. For the specimens after oxidation experiment, the interfacial crack propagation behaviour was observed and analyzed by SEM, and the reason of lateral crack propagation was explained from the perspective of interfacial fracture toughness. The reason for crack deflection is analyzed from the perspective of energy release rate. The equivalent thickness, normalized rumpling index and two-dimensional roughness index were calculated, then the TGO growth behaviour was comprehensively analyzed and related to the crack propagation.
Application of multiple-finding segmentation utilizing Mask R-CNN-based deep learning in a rat model of drug-induced liver injury
Authors: Baek Eun Bok , Lee Jaeku , Hwang Ji-Hee , Park Heejin , Lee Byoung-Seok , Kim Yong-Bum , Jun Sang-Yeop , Her Jun , Son Hwa-Young , Cho Jae-Woo
Published: October 2023

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) presents significant diagnostic challenges, and recently artificial intelligence-based deep learning technology has been used to predict various hepatic findings. In this study, we trained a set of Mask R-CNN-based deep algorithms to learn and quantify typical toxicant induced-histopathological lesions, portal area, and connective tissue in Sprague Dawley rats. We compared a set of single-finding models (SFMs) and a combined multiple-finding model (MFM) for their ability to simultaneously detect, classify, and quantify multiple hepatic findings on rat liver slide images. All of the SFMs yielded mean average precision (mAP) values above 85%, suggesting that the models had been successfully established. The MFM showed better performance than the SFMs, with a total mAP value of 92.46%. We compared the model predictions for slide images with ground-truth annotations generated by an accredited pathologist. For the MFM, the overall and individual finding predictions were highly correlated with the annotated areas, with R-squared values of 0.852, 0.952, 0.999, 0.990, and 0.958 being obtained for portal area, infiltration, necrosis, vacuolation, and connective tissue (including fibrosis), respectively. Our results indicate that the proposed MFM could be a useful tool for detecting and predicting multiple hepatic findings in basic non-clinical study settings.
A new type of convergent paired electrochemical synthesis of sulfonamides under green and catalyst-free conditions
Authors: Patoghi Pouria , Sadatnabi Ali , Nematollahi Davood
Published: October 2023

Our main goal in this work is to synthesize valuable sulfonamide compounds according to the principles of green chemistry and also to present a unique convergent paired mechanism for their synthesis. In this study, we introduced a new type of convergent paired electro-organic synthesis of sulfonamide derivatives via a catalyst, oxidant, halogen and amine-free method. In this research, instead of using toxic amine compounds, an innovative mechanism based on the reduction of nitro compounds and in-situ production of amine compounds was used. The mechanism of electrophile generation is the cathodic reduction of the nitro compound to the hydroxylamine compound and then the anodic oxidation of the hydroxylamine to the nitroso compound. On the other hand, the nucleophile generation mechanism involves the two-electron oxidation of sulfonyl hydrazide to related sulfinic acid at the anode surface. The reaction leading to the synthesis of sulfonamides involves a one-pot reaction of the generated nitroso compound with the produced sulfinic compound.
DeepQuality improves infant retinopathy screening
Authors: Li Longhui , Lin Duoru , Lin Zhenzhe , Li Mingyuan , Lian Zhangkai , Zhao Lanqin , Wu Xiaohang , Liu Lixue , Liu Jiali , Wei Xiaoyue , Luo Mingjie , Zeng Danqi , Yan Anqi , Iao Wai Cheng , Shang Yuanjun , Xu Fabao , Xiang Wei , He Muchen , Fu Zhe , Wang Xueyu , Deng Yaru , Fan Xinyan , Ye Zhijun , Wei Meirong , Zhang Jianping , Liu Baohai , Li Jianqiao , Ding Xiaoyan , Lin Haotian
Published: October 2023

Image quality variation is a prominent cause of performance degradation for intelligent disease diagnostic models in clinical applications. Image quality issues are particularly prominent in infantile fundus photography due to poor patient cooperation, which poses a high risk of misdiagnosis. Here, we developed a deep learning-based image quality assessment and enhancement system (DeepQuality) for infantile fundus images to improve infant retinopathy screening. DeepQuality can accurately detect various quality defects concerning integrity, illumination, and clarity with area under the curve (AUC) values ranging from 0.933 to 0.995. It can also comprehensively score the overall quality of each fundus photograph. By analyzing 2,015,758 infantile fundus photographs from real-world settings using DeepQuality, we found that 58.3% of them had varying degrees of quality defects, and large variations were observed among different regions and categories of hospitals. Additionally, DeepQuality provides quality enhancement based on the results of quality assessment. After quality enhancement, the performance of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) diagnosis of clinicians was significantly improved. Moreover, the integration of DeepQuality and AI diagnostic models can effectively improve the model performance for detecting ROP. This study may be an important reference for the future development of other image-based intelligent disease screening systems.
Talaromyces marneffei suppresses macrophage inflammation by regulating host alternative splicing
Authors: Wei Wudi , Wang Gang , Zhang Hong , Bao Xiuli , An Sanqi , Luo Qiang , He Jinhao , Chen Lixiang , Ning Chuanyi , Lai Jingzhen , Yuan Zongxiang , Chen Rongfeng , Jiang Junjun , Ye Li , Liang Hao
Published: October 2023

Talaromyces marneffei (T. marneffei) immune escape is essential in the pathogenesis of talaromycosis. It is currently known that T. marneffei achieves immune escape through various strategies. However, the role of cellular alternative splicing (AS) in immune escape remains unclear. Here, we depict the AS landscape in macrophages upon T. marneffei infection via high-throughput RNA sequencing and detect a truncated protein of NCOR2 / SMRT, named NCOR2-013, which is significantly upregulated after T. marneffei infection. Mechanistic analysis indicates that NCOR2-013 forms a co-repression complex with TBL1XR1 / TBLR1 and HDAC3, thereby inhibiting JunB-mediated transcriptional activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines via the inhibition of histone acetylation. Furthermore, we identify TUT1 as the AS regulator that regulates NCOR2-013 production and promotes T. marneffei immune evasion. Collectively, these findings indicate that T. marneffei escapes macrophage killing through TUT1-mediated alternative splicing of NCOR2 / SMRT, providing insight into the molecular mechanisms of T. marneffei immune evasion and potential targets for talaromycosis therapy.
Quantum lattice dynamics and their importance in ternary superhydride clathrates
Authors: Lucrezi Roman , Kogler Eva , Di Cataldo Simone , Aichhorn Markus , Boeri Lilia , Heil Christoph
Published: October 2023

The quantum nature of the hydrogen lattice in superconducting hydrides can have crucial effects on the material’s properties. Taking a detailed look at the dynamic stability of the recently predicted BaSiH8 phase, we find that the inclusion of anharmonic quantum ionic effects leads to an increase in the critical dynamical pressure to 20 GPa as compared to 5 GPa within the harmonic approximation. We identify the change in the crystal structure due to quantum ionic effects to be the main driving force for this increase and demonstrate that this can already be understood at the harmonic level by considering zero-point energy corrections to the total electronic energy. In fact, the previously determined critical pressure of kinetic stability pkin = 30 GPa still poses a stricter bound for the synthesizability of BaSiH8 and similar hydride materials than the dynamical stability and therefore constitutes a more rigorous and accurate estimate for the experimental realizability of these structures.
Optical driving, spin initialization and readout of single SiV− centers in a Fabry-Perot resonator
Authors: Bayer Gregor , Berghaus Robert , Sachero Selene , Filipovski Andrea B. , Antoniuk Lukas , Lettner Niklas , Waltrich Richard , Klotz Marco , Maier Patrick , Agafonov Viatcheslav , Kubanek Alexander
Published: October 2023

Large-scale quantum communication networks require quantum repeaters due to the signal attenuation in optical fibers. Ideal quantum repeater nodes efficiently link a quantum memory with photons serving as flying qubits. Color centers in diamond, particularly the negatively charged silicon vacancy center, are promising candidates to establish such nodes. Inefficient connection between the color center’s spin to the optical fiber networks is a major obstacle, that could be resolved by utilizing optical resonators. Here, we couple individual silicon vacancy centers incorporated in a nanodiamond to a hemispherical, stable Fabry-Perot microcavity, achieving Purcell-factors larger than 1. We demonstrate coherent optical driving between ground and excited state with a Rabi-frequency of 330 MHz, all-optical initialization and readout of the electron spin in magnetic fields of up to 3.2 T. Spin initialization within 67 ns with a 80 % fidelity and a lifetime of 350 ns are reached. Our demonstration opens the way to realize quantum repeater applications.
Replanting unproductive palm oil with smallholder plantations can help achieve Sustainable Development Goals in Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Fosch Ariadna , Ferraz de Arruda Guilherme , Aleta Alberto , Descals Adrià , Gaveau David , Morgans Courtney , Santika Truly , Struebig Matthew J. , Meijaard Erik , Moreno Yamir
Published: October 2023

Oil palm (Elaeis guinensis) is a controversial crop. To assess its sustainability, we analysed the contribution of different types of plantations (smallholder, industrial and unproductive) towards meeting six Sustainable Development Goals. Using spatial econometric methods and data from 25,067 villages in Sumatra, Indonesia, we revealed that unproductive plantations are associated with more cases of malnutrition, worsened school access, more air pollution and increased criminality. We also proposed a strategy for sustainable palm oil expansion based on replanting unproductive plantations with either industrial or smallholder palm oil. Smallholder replanting was beneficial for five Goals (Zero poverty, Good health, Quality Education, Environmental preservation and Crime reduction), while the same intervention only improved two Goals in the industrial case (Zero poverty and Quality Education). Our appraisal is relevant to policymakers aiming towards the 2030 Agenda, organisations planning oil palm expansion, and retailers or consumers concerned about the sustainability of oil consumption.
Stratification of hypertension and SARS-CoV-2 infection by quantitative NMR spectroscopy of human blood serum
Authors: Kazenwadel Jasmin , Berezhnoy Georgy , Cannet Claire , Schäfer Hartmut , Geisler Tobias , Rohlfing Anne-Katrin , Gawaz Meinrad , Merle Uta , Trautwein Christoph
Published: October 2023

Background

Diagnostic approaches like the nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) based quantification of metabolites, lipoproteins, and inflammation markers has helped to identify typical alterations in the blood serum of COVID-19 patients. However, confounders such as sex, and comorbidities, which strongly influence the metabolome, were often not considered. Therefore, the aim of this NMR study was to consider sex, as well as arterial hypertension (AHT), when investigating COVID-19-positive serum samples in a large age-and sex matched cohort.

Methods

NMR serum data from 329 COVID-19 patients were compared with 305 healthy controls. 134 COVID-19 patients were affected by AHT. These were analyzed together with NMR data from 58 hypertensives without COVID-19. In addition to metabolite, lipoprotein, and glycoprotein data from NMR, common laboratory parameters were considered. Sex was considered in detail for all comparisons.

Results

Here, we show that several differences emerge from previous NMR COVID-19 studies when AHT is considered. Especially, the previously described triglyceride-rich lipoprotein profile is no longer observed in COVID-19 patients, nor an increase in ketone bodies. Further alterations are a decrease in glutamine, leucine, isoleucine, and lysine, citric acid, HDL-4 particles, and total cholesterol. Additionally, hypertensive COVID-19 patients show higher inflammatory NMR parameters than normotensive patients.

Conclusions

We present a more precise picture of COVID-19 blood serum parameters. Accordingly, considering sex and comorbidities should be included in future metabolomics studies for improved and refined patient stratification. Due to metabolic similarities with other viral infections, these results can be applied to other respiratory diseases in the future.
A conservation planning strategy applied to the evolutionary history of the mantellid frogs of Madagascar
Authors: Ferreira Miguel R. , Belluardo Francesco , Cocca Walter , Crottini Angelica , Carvalho Sílvia B.
Published: October 2023

Phylogenetic diversity is an increasingly applied metric used to maximize the representation of evolutionary history in spatial conservation planning. When following this approach, researchers commonly overlook sites with a relatively higher proportion of recently diverged endemic species, also known as centers of neo-endemism. Here we aim to demonstrate how targeting the conservation of different facets of diversity (taxonomic diversity, phylogenetic diversity and centers of endemism) can provide more cost-effective solutions to the conservation of the all evolutionary spectrum of biodiversity. We do so by using the mantellid frogs of Madagascar as a case study. Our results confirm that areas with high concentrations of neo-endemism can be effectively identified as conservation planning priorities only if we specifically target them. Neglecting areas that are poor in phylogenetic diversity may therefore compromise the maintenance of diversification processes, particularly when lesser proportions of the landscape are protected. This approach can be of particular interest to island ecosystems, since they often harbor unique and restricted evolutionary radiations.
Comprehensive detection of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) in forensic samples using carbon nanotube screen-printed electrodes
Authors: Macedo Anne Alves , Arantes Luciano C. , Pimentel Dilton Martins , de Deus Melo Tifany , Magalhães de Almeida Melo Larissa , Alves de Barros Wellington , Rocha Cláudia Mancilha , de Fátima Ângelo , Pio dos Santos Wallans Torres
Published: October 2023

Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is a prevalent psychoactive substance recognized for its hallucinogenic properties, often encountered in blotter papers for illicit consumption.
Discrimination of cis-diol-containing molecules using fluorescent boronate affinity probes by principal component analysis
Authors: Wang Fenying , Xiong Shuqing , Wang Tingting , Hou Yadan , Li Qianjin
Published: October 2023

By integrating phenylboronic acid-functionalized fluorescent probe with principal component analysis, it is feasible and easy to discriminate different types of cis-diol containing molecules including nucleosides, sugars and glycoproteins.
Cryopreservation of assay-ready hepatocyte monolayers by chemically-induced ice nucleation: preservation of hepatic function and hepatotoxicity screening capabilities
Authors: Tomás Ruben M. F. , Dallman Robert , Congdon Thomas R. , Gibson Matthew I.
Published: October 2023

Controlled ice nucleation enables cryopreservation of primary hepatocytes monolayers, in assay ready format.
Selective modification of tryptophan in polypeptides via C–N coupling with azoles using in situ-generated iodine-based oxidants in aqueous media
Authors: Watanabe Shunsuke , Wada Yuki , Kawano Masaki , Higashibayashi Shuhei , Sugai Takeshi , Hanaya Kengo
Published: October 2023

Hypervalent iodine-mediated C–N coupling of the indole and azoles realizes the selective modification of tryptophan in polypeptides in aqueous media. The process allows the introduction of chemical handles and the peptide stapling.
A cocrystal prediction method of graph neural networks based on molecular spatial information and global attention
Authors: Kang Yanlei , Chen Jiahui , Hu Xiurong , Jiang Yunliang , Li Zhong
Published: October 2023

This paper proposes a PFGNet model based on graph neural network, which adds molecular 3D point cloud information to represent the global aspect of molecules through the global attention mechanism.
Anthracene–naphthylacetonitrile fluorescent isomers and Cl/H substituent dependent molecular packing, solid-state fluorescence and mechanofluorochromism
Authors: Ravi Sasikala , Priyadharshini Prakash , Karthikeyan Subramanian , Pannipara Mehboobali , Al-Sehemi Abdullah G. , Madhu Vedichi , Moon Dohyun , Anthony Savarimuthu Philip
Published: October 2023

Anthracene aldehyde with naphthylacetonitrile isomers produced unusual and expected fluorophores that showed molecular packing-controlled stimuli-induced reversible fluorescence switching and solid-state fluorescence.
A Janus CrSSe monolayer with interesting ferromagnetism
Authors: Han Fanjunjie , Yan Xu , Bergara Aitor , Li Wenjing , Yu Hong , Yang Guochun
Published: October 2023

Janus CrSSe monolayer: a novel two-dimensional ferromagnetic half-metal with high Curie temperature and multiferroic coupling.
Metal-free photocatalysts for solar-driven water disinfection: recent progress and challenges
Authors: Gong Zeyu , Yu Jiaxing , Tong Linjing , Hou Yu , Zhong Huajie , Tao Yuan , Chen Guosheng , Wang Junhui , Zhu Fang , Ouyang Gangfeng
Published: October 2023

In this review, we overview the development of metal-free photocatalysts for water disinfection, the photocatalytic disinfection mechanisms and devices.
Strain and electric field induced electronic property modifications in two-dimensional Janus SZrAZ2 (A = Si, Ge; Z = P, As) monolayers
Authors: Gao Zhen , He Yao , Xiong Kai
Published: October 2023

The Janus SZrAZ2 structures under the influence of strain and an external electric field.
Oligonol ameliorates liver function and brain function in the 5 × FAD mouse model: transcriptional and cellular analysis
Authors: Jo Danbi , Arjunan Archana , Choi Seoyoon , Jung Yoon Seok , Park Jihyun , Jo Jihoon , Kim Oh Yoen , Song Juhyun
Published: October 2023

5 × FAD Alzheimer's disease male mice were treated orally with oligonol at a daily dose of 50 mg kg−1 for 8 weeks. Oligonol oral treatment was found to improve cognitive function, and to reduce anxiety and depression in 5 × FAD Alzheimer's disease mouse.
Single-cell patterning and characterisation of antibiotic persistent bacteria using bio-sCAPA
Authors: Boggon Cameron , Mairpady Shambat Srikanth , Zinkernagel Annelies S. , Secchi Eleonora , Isa Lucio
Published: October 2023

Bio-sCAPA allows for patterning >105 bacteria in defined geometries with single-cell precision. Antibiotic-tolerant bacteria are monitored and analysed through time, both during antibiotic exposure and during regrowth after removing the antibiotic.
Meniscus-confined capping-free 3D printed gold nanoparticles for quantitative SERS detection of bisphenol A
Authors: Singh Netrapal , Kumawat Manoj , Siddiqui Hafsa , Bhavani Srinivas Rao Koyalada , Kumar Satendra , Goswami Manoj , Natarajan Sathish , Khan Mohammed Akram , Srivastava Avanish Kumar , Kumar Surender
Published: October 2023

Schematic representation of utilization of meniscus confined 3D printing process to print gold nanoparticles for the SERS detection of BPA.
Discovery of novel β-elemene hybrids with hydrogen sulfide-releasing moiety possessing cardiovascular protective activity for the treatment of atherosclerosis
Authors: Zhu Wenjian , Wu Hongyu , He Chen , Zhu Huajian , Yao Hong , Cao Yun , Shi Yueman , Chen Xiaotong , Feng Xue , Xu Shengtao , Zhu Zheying , Xu Jinyi
Published: October 2023

Herein, a series of novel β-elemene hybrids with different types of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) donors was designed and synthesized for the first time.
Superior high-temperature capacitive performance of polyaryl ether ketone copolymer composites enabled by interfacial engineered charge traps
Authors: Li Xinyi , Xie Yunchuan , Xiong Jie , Zhu Bofeng , Zhang Xiao , Duan Xinhua , Dong Bo , Zhang Zhicheng
Published: October 2023

This work presents a facile strategy to significantly boost the capacitive performance of aromatic polymer with simple preparation process.  At 150 °C, the composite films exhibit remarkable comparative performance, Ue = 10.1 J cm−3 and η > 90%.
Synthesis and characterization of Ag2ZnTiS4 nanostructures prepared by a hot-injection method towards low-cost electrocatalytic oxygen evolution
Authors: Aslam Sidra , Awais Muhammad , Servat Nadia , Safdar Muhammad
Published: October 2023

Due to their potential use in generating sustainable energy via electrocatalysis, silver-based quaternary chalcogenide compounds have garnered superior interest.
Micelle-aided quantitatively controllable light amplification of a water-insoluble pyrene derivative
Authors: Nandi Arnab , Pattanayak Pradip , Purkayastha Pradipta
Published: October 2023

A water insoluble pyrene derivative, prone to aggregation-caused quenching, regains fluorescence on micelle incorporation with enhanced photoluminescence quantum yield.
A single transition metal atom anchored on Nb2C as an electrocatalyst for the nitrogen reduction reaction
Authors: Zhang Xuanyue , Yan Likai , Su Zhongmin
Published: October 2023

In this work, we systematically investigated the electrocatalytic activity of TM-Nb2C for N2 reduction to NH3 by DFT calculations.
Excited state spectroscopy and spin splitting in single layer MoS2 quantum dots
Authors: Kumar P. , Kim H. , Tripathy S. , Watanabe K. , Taniguchi T. , Novoselov K. S. , Kotekar-Patil D.
Published: October 2023

In this work, we demonstrate record low contact resistance at low temperatures. Moreover, we carefully engineer the device to leverage the sample inhomogeneity to demonstrate confinement in the quantum limit.
Switchable optical trapping based on vortex-pair beams generated by a polarization-multiplexed dielectric metasurface
Authors: Li Hongliang , Wen Jisen , Gao Song , Choi Duk-Yong , Kim Jin Tae , Lee Sang-Shin
Published: October 2023

A metasurface-based switchable optical trapping scheme was demonstrated utilizing twofold vortex-pair beams for stable, flexible, and efficient microparticle manipulation.
Recent advancements of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) as proton conductors under anhydrous conditions for fuel cell applications
Authors: Joseph Vellaichamy , Nagai Atsushi
Published: October 2023

Characteristics of COFs and their proton conducting mechanisms.
X-ray excited luminescent nanoparticles for deep photodynamic therapy
Authors: Yao Bang , Liu Xiaoxu , Zhang Wenli , Lu Hongbing
Published: October 2023

Through analysis of X-ray excited luminescent nanoparticles, luminescence principles, and photodynamic therapeutic effects in recent years this review discusses the main issues and challenges regarding the current deep tumor photodynamic therapy, and future directions of development are examined.
Monatomic reactions with single vacancy monolayer h-BN: DFT studies
Authors: Mondinos Nicholas , Altarawneh Mohammednoor , Amri Amun , Hsien Liew Willey Yun , Jai Poinern Gerrard Eddy , Jiang Zhong-Tao
Published: October 2023

Single atom chemisorption of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) result with a range of physicochemical properties for various strategic applications.
Development and characterization of novel emulsified nanocomposite coatings incorporating different loadings of nanoclay and beeswax for paper packaging
Authors: Aloui Hajer , Khwaldia Khaoula
Published: October 2023

Synthesis and characterization of novel poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) emulsified nanocomposite coated papers.
Evaluation of adhesion strength, corrosion, and biological properties of the MWCNT/TiO2 coating intended for medical applications
Authors: Rogala-Wielgus Dorota , Majkowska-Marzec Beata , Zieliński Andrzej , Roszek Katarzyna , Liszewska Malwina
Published: October 2023

Herein a MWCNT/TiO2 coating was shown to have higher roughness, adhesion strength and corrosion resistance compared to MWCNT, also with high porosity and wettability to support cell adhesion. However, the release of toxic species results in decreased proliferation.
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of tetrahydroquinoxaline sulfonamide derivatives as colchicine binding site inhibitors
Authors: Dong Haiyang , Lu Lu , Song Xueting , Li Youkang , Zhou Jinguang , Xu Yungen , Zhang Yahong , Qi Jianguo , Liang Tingting , Wang Jianhong
Published: October 2023

(1) 26 derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their antiproliferative activities against HT-29 cells. (2) I-7 inhibited tubulin polymerization, arrested cell cycle at G2/M phase. (3) I-7 is located at the colchicine binding site.
Synthesis of graded CdS1−xSex nanoplatelet alloys and heterostructures from pairs of chalcogenoureas with tailored conversion reactivity
Authors: Saenz Natalie , Hamachi Leslie S. , Wolock Anna , Goodge Berit H. , Kuntzmann Alexis , Dubertret Benoit , Billinge Isabel , Kourkoutis Lena F. , Muller David A. , Crowther Andrew C. , Owen Jonathan S.
Published: October 2023

A mixture of N,N,N′-trisubstituted thiourea and cyclic N,N,N′,N′-tetrasubstituted selenourea precursors were used to synthesize three monolayer thick CdS1−xSex nanoplatelets in a single synthetic step.
Excited-state chemistry of the nitromethane anion mediated by the dipole-bound states revealed by photofragment action spectroscopy
Authors: An Sejun , Kim Dabin , Kim Junggil , Kim Sang Kyu
Published: October 2023

Dipole-bound states of the cryogenically cooled nitromethane anion which are associated with the S0, T1 or T2 state of the neutral-core give rise to anionic fragments.
Cu-based catalyst designs in CO2electroreduction: precise modulation of reaction intermediates for high-value chemical generation
Authors: Xie Liangyiqun , Jiang Yujing , Zhu Wenlei , Ding Shichao , Zhou Yang , Zhu Jun-Jie
Published: October 2023

Product distribution during electrocatalytic CO2reduction is closely related to the behaviour of reaction intermediates. Morphological and microenvironmental engineering of Cu-based catalysts can regulate the reaction tendency of intermediates, enabling target products to be selectively obtained.
Fine comminution of torrefied wheat straw for energy applications: properties of the powder and energy balances of the production route
Authors: Rajaonarivony Rova-Karine , Rouau Xavier , Commandré Jean-Michel , Fabre Charlène , Maigret Jean-Eudes , Falourd Xavier , Le Gall Sophie , Piriou Bruno , Goudenhooft Camille , Durand Sylvie , Bourmaud Alain , Beaugrand Johnny , Mayer-Laigle Claire
Published: October 2023

Engineering LB powdered fuel via fine comminution and torrefaction processes.
One-step molten-salt synthesis of adjustable composition molybdenum carbide-based electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution in both acidic and alkaline media
Authors: Wang Gengqin , Li Junqi , Zhang Beiyi , Zhang Taotao , Zheng Zili , Jiang Kun
Published: October 2023

Molybdenum carbide is deemed a potential electrode material for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) under different pH condition electrolytes because of its unique metal-like electronic structure.
Hydrometallurgical recycling technologies for NMC Li-ion battery cathodes: current industrial practice and new R&D trends
Authors: Davis Krystal , Demopoulos George P.
Published: October 2023

Latest advances in hydrometallurgical recycling open new sustainable processing options beyond efficient recovery of metals towards direct recycling and upcycling of the NMC active materials.
Substrate controls photovoltage, photocurrent and carrier separation in nanostructured Bi2S3 films
Authors: Khan Sherdil , Daemi Sahar , Kanwal Maria , Xiao Chengcan , Osterloh Frank E.
Published: October 2023

Bi2S3 is a narrow bandgap semiconductor of interest for the construction of solar energy devices and can be synthesized by E-Chem/Sulfurization approach. The (photo)current from Bi2S3 can be controlled by the substrate workfunction and its resistance.
One-pot in situ functionalization of cellulose in a CO2 switchable solvent for the fluorescent detection of Fe3+
Authors: Yu Xiaobo , Xu Yiting , Liu Fei , Zhang Wei , Sun Yi , Fang Yajin , Fang Lanyun , He Xiaofeng , Na Haining , Zhu Jin
Published: October 2023

A cascade reaction is established to fabricate a cellulose-based fluorescent probe in a CO2 switchable solvent for the detection of Fe3+.
Chemical capacitance measurements reveal the impact of oxygen vacancies on the charge curve of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4−δ thin films
Authors: Bumberger Andreas E. , Ražnjević Sergej , Zhang Zaoli , Friedbacher Gernot , Fleig Juergen
Published: October 2023

Chemical capacitance measurements reveal the impact of oxygen vacancies on the electrochemical properties of epitaxial LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4−δ thin films. Oxygen deficiency not only impacts the amount of redox active Mn, but also promotes electron trapping.
Recent progress in polymer nanosheets for photocatalysis
Authors: Wei Shunhang , Wang Lei , Yue Jianyong , Wu Rong , Fang Zebo , Xu Yuxi
Published: October 2023

Polymer nanosheets (CMPs, COFs, CTFs and carbon nitrides) have many unique advantages. This review summarizes the recent advances in polymer nanosheets for efficient photocatalysis including water splitting, pollutant degradation and CO2 reduction.
Contradictory role of reactive oxygen species in dissolution-dependent activity of Pb-based anodes in acidic electrooxidation
Authors: Zhuang Siwei , Duan Ning , Jiang Linhua , Zhang Feilong , Xu Fuyuan
Published: October 2023

The dilemma of activity and stability limits the application of metal-based anodes in electrooxidation, especially in concentrated acid media, and thus causes the emission of hazardous wastewater and waste.
Preparation and anti-tumor effects of mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded with trifluoperazine
Authors: Ma Yunfeng , Li Longxia , Mo Liufang , Wang Xiaochen , Liu Chenyue , Wu Yijun , Liu Chaoqun
Published: October 2023

We have developed a targeted nano-drug delivery system that enables the psychotropic drug trifluoperazine (TFP) to exert anti-tumor effects while reducing its side effects on the central nervous system.
Towards molecularly imprinted polymers that respond to and capture phosphorylated tyrosine epitopes using fluorescent bis-urea and bis-imidazolium receptors
Authors: Kislenko Evgeniia , İncel Anıl , Gawlitza Kornelia , Sellergren Börje , Rurack Knut
Published: October 2023

Fluorescent MIPs for rapid biomarker detection were developed, employing two functional crosslinkers, distinguishing phosphorylated peptides, and revealing insights into the influence of counterions and protective groups in the imprinting process.
Effect of molar mass and alkyl chain length on the surface properties and biocompatibility of poly(alkylene terephthalate)s for potential cardiovascular applications
Authors: Van Daele Lenny , Van de Voorde Babs , Colenbier Robin , De Vos Lobke , Parmentier Laurens , Van der Meeren Louis , Skirtach André , Dmitriev Ruslan I. , Dubruel Peter , Van Vlierberghe Sandra
Published: October 2023

A series of poly(alkylene terephthalate)s was synthesized and the effect of the polymer molar mass and alkyl chain length on the surface properties of spin-coated films was investigated, as well as the endothelial cell adhesion and proliferation.
Design and synthesis of non-fused non-fullerene acceptors containing naphthobisthiadiazole for organic solar cells
Authors: Li Yuanfeng , Zhang Difei , Huang Zhenqiang , Zhang Tianyang , Zheng Nan , Peng Feng , Ying Lei , Huang Fei
Published: October 2023

Two non-fullerene acceptors containing naphtho[1,2-c:5,6-c′]bis([1,2,5]thiadiazole) moieties with fluorinated and chlorinated dicyanomethylidene-indan-1-one units as the flanking end-groups were developed and used for constructing organic solar cells.
Electrostatic gating-driven transition from Schottky contact to p–n junction in moiré patterned Ars/Gra heterostructures
Authors: Zhao Chunxiang , Zhang Shuai , Niu Chunyao , Wang Fei , Cui Bin , Li Chong , Jia Yu
Published: October 2023

Using first-principles calculations, the Moiré patterned Ars/Gra heterostructure is identified to transition from Schottky contact to p–n junction by electrostatic gating. Carrier transport also supports the finding of such electric phase transition.
Fate and occurrence of microplastics in wastewater treatment plants
Authors: Mesquita Daniela P. , Quintelas Cristina , Ferreira Eugénio C.
Published: October 2023

This review discusses the most recent research focused on the abundance and removal of microplastics in wastewater treatment plants.
Lithium dynamics at grain boundaries of β-Li3PS4 solid electrolyte
Authors: Jalem Randy , Chandrappa Manas Likhit Holekevi , Qi Ji , Tateyama Yoshitaka , Ong Shyue Ping
Published: October 2023

The lithium diffusivity behavior at the grain boundaries of β-Li3PS4 solid electrolytes is strongly dependent on the grain boundary type and the degree of disorder.
Multilevel cyclic shift index differential chaos shift keying system for high data rate transmission
Authors: Lin Zixian , Xu Weikai , Wang Lin
Published: October 2023

This paper proposes a multilevel cyclic shift index modulation aided differential chaotic shift keying (MCSI‐DCSK) system to improve data rate and energy efficiency. In the MCSI‐DCSK system, the bit stream is divided into blocks with bits which are further divided into N groups equally. In each group, the first M bits are mapped into an index of cyclic shift in the chaotic reference sequence, while the last bit is used to modulate the shifted chaotic reference sequence. Finally, the all modulated shifted chaotic reference sequences are superimposed to form the information‐bearing signal. So the proposed system improves the data rate. The analytical bit‐error‐rate (BER) expressions of the MCSI‐DCSK system are derived over additive white Gaussian noise and multipath Rayleigh fading channels and validated via simulations. In addition, the BER performance of the proposed system is compared with other non‐coherent, chaotic communication systems. Simulation results indicate that the MCSI‐DCSK system has better performance in data rate and BER.
Influence mechanism and virtual power system stabiliser method of virtual synchronous generator for low‐frequency oscillation of power system
Authors: Wang Haixin , Hao Yan , He Haiwen , Dong Henan , Lu Shengyang , Zhang Guanfeng , Yang Junyou , Chen Zhe
Published: October 2023

The virtual synchronous generator (SG) (VSG) can not only enhance the inertia of the grid, but also introduce the oscillation characteristics of SG, which is easy to interact with the power angle of SG in the grid, and even produce low‐frequency oscillation (LFO). The authors first construct a two‐machine interconnected power system model containing VSG and traditional SG. The model is linearised to construct the state space equations to obtain the Phillips–Heffron model with VSG. The LFO path of action between VSG and SG is analysed. To reduce the negative damping torque provided by VSG to SG through this path, a virtual power system stabiliser (VPSS) is proposed and the controller parameters are adjusted according to the phase compensation method. Finally, the effectiveness of VPSS is verified by modal analysis and simulation comparison.
The nexus of energy in microgrids: A review on communication barriers in distributed networks auxiliary controls
Authors: Ahmed Ijaz , Basit Abdul , e Mustafa Faizan , Alqahtani Mohammed , Khalid Muhammad
Published: October 2023

Microgrids are a new concept resulting from decentralized power sources, which have changed energy utility grid topography. As this promising field is penetrated, control must be streamlined immediately. This paper analyses key control mechanisms in energy utility networks, including centralized, decentralized, and distributed setups. The focus is on the auxiliary category as the various benefits and drawbacks of each approach is investigated. Information interchange architectures that enable multiple control techniques in the auxiliary control domain are examined using distributed energy networks. The research emphasizes the necessity of auxiliary control in ensuring reliable and effective utility infrastructure operation but notes the lack of a comprehensive scholarly reference. Additionally, the study explores key concerns in utility grids' auxiliary control mechanisms, emphasizing information‐sharing system limits. The goal is to demonstrate the importance of auxiliary control and evaluate its challenges, such as latency, which require new solutions for a seamless transition to a sustainable energy future through rigorous academic assessment. At the auxiliary level, complex, decentralized regulatory mechanisms are recommended to handle transmission channel bandwidth and operational overhead in energy utility networks. These innovative measures have the potential to transform the fundamental structure of our energy landscape, heralding in unprecedented efficiency and sustainability.
A lightweight license plate detection algorithm based on deep learning
Authors: Zhu Shuo , Wang Yu , Wang Zongyang
Published: October 2023

License plate detection is an important task in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) and has a wide range of applications in vehicle management, traffic control, and public safety. In order to improve the accuracy and speed of mobile recognition, an improved lightweight YOLOv5s model is proposed for license plate detection. First, an improved Stemblock network is used to replace the original Focus layer in the network, which ensures strong feature expression capability and reduces a large number of parameters to lower the computational complexity; then, an improved lightweight network, ShuffleNetv2, is used to replace the backbone network of the YOLOv5s, which makes the model lighter and ensures the detection accuracy at the same time. Then, a feature enhancement module is designed to reduce the information loss caused by the rearrangement of the backbone network channels, which facilitates the information interaction in the feature fusion process; finally, the low‐, medium‐ and high‐level features in the Shufflenetv2 network structure are fused to form the final high‐level output features. Experimental results on the CCPD dataset show that compared to other methods this paper obtains better performance and faster speed in the license plate detection task, in which the average precision mean value reaches 96.6%, and can achieve a detection speed of 43.86 frame/s, and the parameter volume is reduced to 5.07 M.
A circularly polarised multiple input multiple output antenna with single‐sense for sub‐6 GHz 5G applications
Authors: Phyo Zin Mar , Fujimoto Takafumi , Gaun Chai‐Eu
Published: October 2023

In this study, a compact wideband circularly polarised Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna with the two parasitic elements is proposed. The printed monopole antenna for wideband circular polarisation proposed in authors' previous study is used as an antenna element. One‐sided substrate reflector is installed at the back side of the antenna, positioned 0.2λ0 away, to improve the gain. The circularly polarised radiation, deteriorated by the influence of mutual coupling of two antenna elements and reflector, is improved by deploying two parasitic elements on the bottom layer of the antenna's substrate. The antenna's size is 0.99λ0 × 0.32λ0 and the reflector's size is 1.41λ0 × 0.82λ0 (λ0 is the free‐space wavelength at lowest operating frequency). The measured bandwidth of 10 dB impedance with a 3 dB axial ratio is 33.49% from 3.53 to 4.95 GHz, which can be utilised for sub‐6 GHz 5G applications. The simulated and experimental results are compared to validate the antenna characteristics.
Energy transactions among smart buildings based on social preferences
Authors: Alizadeh Hossein , Khajehzadeh Alimorad , Eslami Mahdiyeh , Shahbazzadeh Mehdi Jafari
Published: October 2023

The presence of smart buildings in a smart grid as prosumers with the ability to both consume and produce clean energy can help to decentralize and decarbonize the electricity industry. An energy community (EC) refers to a collection of energy users and energy sources that participate in peer‐to‐peer (P2P) energy trading and contribute to the energy supply of the community through appropriate communication infrastructure. This paper examines the management of smart grid energy, including ECs, in order to promote energy democracy by incorporating smart buildings into P2P energy trading and demand response programs (DRPs). A model for energy democracy has been developed for a group of energy users consisting of prosumers and managers within ECs, based on user preferences. The paper classifies prosumers into three categories based on their preferences: flexible, economic, and social. Additionally, EC managers have been classified into two categories based on their preferences: interactive and non‐interactive managers. The CPLEX method in the GAMS software was utilized to solve the problem. The results show that the proposed approach improves access to energy within the smart grid system.
Control coordination in inverter‐based microgrids using AoI‐based 5G schedulers
Authors: Choudhury Biplav , Mohammadhassani Ardavan , Alexander Brady , Iyer Rahul , Mehrizi‐Sani Ali , Reed Jeffrey H. , Shah Vijay K.
Published: October 2023

A coordinated set point automatic adjustment with correction enabled (C‐SPAACE) framework that uses 5G communication for real‐time control coordination between inverter‐based resources (IBR) in microgrids is proposed. Utilising slicing capability, 5G offers low‐latency communication to C‐SPAACE under normal conditions. However, given the multitude of power grid use cases, a certain 5G slice for C‐SPAACE may have access only to limited radio spectrum resources, which if not managed well, greatly undermines the communication needs of C‐SPAACE framework. Thus, optimally scheduling the available spectrum resources among IBRs in a sliced 5G network‐based C‐SPAACE framework becomes a critical problem. To address this issue, the authors utilise a novel age of information (AoI) metric and designs an AoI‐based 5G scheduler to provide low‐latency communication to C‐SPAACE. Following this, a co‐simulation environment is designed using PSCAD/EMTDC and Python to simulate a microgrid supported by 5G communication. Time‐domain simulation case studies are performed using the proposed co‐simulation environment to evaluate the performance of C‐SPAACE using 5G with both AoI‐based and other baseline (non‐AoI) schedulers.
Uncovering the MIR emission of quiescent galaxies with JWST
Authors: Blánquez-Sesé D. , Magdis G. E. , Gómez-Guijarro C. , Shuntov M. , Kokorev V. , Brammer G. , Valentino F. , Díaz-Santos T. , Paspaliaris E.-D. , Rigopoulou D. , Hjorth J. , Langeroodi D. , Gobat R. , Jin S. , Sillassen N. B. , Gillman S. , Greve T. R. , Lee M.
Published: October 2023

We present a study of the mid-IR (MIR) emission of quiescent galaxies (QGs) beyond the local universe. Using deep JWST imaging in the SMACS-0723 cluster field we identify a mass-limited (M* > 109 M⊙) sample of intermediate redshift QGs (0.2 < z < 0.7) and perform modelling of their rest-frame UV to MIR photometry. We find that QGs exhibit a range of MIR spectra that are composed of a stellar continuum and a dust component that is 1–2 orders of magnitude fainter than that of star-forming galaxies. The observed scatter in the MIR spectra, especially atλrest > 5 μm, can be attributed to different dust continuum levels and/or the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) features. The latter would indicate enhanced 11.3 and 12.7 μm PAH strengths with respect to those at 6.2 and 7.7 μm, consistent with the observed spectra of local ellipticals and indicative of soft radiation fields. Finally, we augment the average UV to MIR spectrum of the population with cold dust and gas emission in the far-IR/millimetre, and construct a panchromatic UV to radio SED that can serve as a template for the future exploration of the interstellar medium ofz > 0 QGs with ALMA and JWST.
High Frequencies Repetitive Shoots organogenesis of Potato (Solanum TuberosumL.) Under Partial Immersion Bioreactor Culture
Authors: Agisimanto Dita , Devy Nirmala Friyanti , Yulianti Farida , Hardiyanto  , Hadiba Nur Hayati
Published: October 2023

Potato plays important role in nutritional security, poverty alleviation, and income generation in Indonesia. Potato production restricted and inconsistent by lower quality of seedlings application. Solid medium technique for long time has been using for producing pathogen free plants. This procedure has typically costly as labor intensive and longer durability of production. Liquid culture medium allows the close contact to explants which stimulates and facilitates the nutrients and hormones uptake leading to higher rate multiplication and shoot and root growth of higher quality seedling mother plants. The aim of study is to introduce partial immerse bioreactor system (PIB) for high frequencies of granola Kembang (GK) organogenesis and survival rate during weaning stage in nursery. A 20 shoots of GK were transferred to PIB containing MS medium aerated with 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 vvm air atmosphere during 30 days of culture. High rate repetitive shoots organogenesis were observed from PIB culture, significantly different to semisolid culture. Averagely 500, 616 and 602 new shoots were harvested from 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 vvm treatment respectively, which are 30, 37 and 36 folds compared to semisolid culture. Approximately 95-98% of regenerated shoots were survived in acclimatization chamber for both PIB and semisolid culture.
Groundwater Characteristics and Their Associations with Paleogeomorphological Dynamics in Gantiwarno, Klaten Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia; A Preliminary
Authors: Lisan Ahmad Rif’an Khoirul , Abdillah Ina Laela , Wahyudi Donny Rio
Published: October 2023

Ensuring the safety of groundwater is essential in ensuring people's health in Gantiwarno, as most rely on groundwater. However, based on the data on disabilities in Gantiwarno, it is very probable that something hidden within its groundwater has caused a high rate of many disability forms. This study analyzes the data on the disability rate in Gantiwarno and its surrounding areas to find the anomaly. Once the rate pattern was figured out, intensive and extensive reference research was performed to find the paleo and current geomorphological characteristics of Gantiwarno. Besides, this study tries to analyze the hydrogeochemistry of the area. The groundwater in Gantiwarno originates from a mixed process called sulfate groundwater. The groundwater in the study location is dominated by Na2SO4 type and unsuitable for health. Contaminants that have caused a high rate of disability in Gantiwarno possibly exist in its groundwater. All of this is possibly caused by the geohydrology, and paleogeomorphological dynamics of Gantiwarno, especially during and after the formation of the Gantiwarno Swamp. This preliminary study has tried to see some possible factors that have caused the situation and invites other researchers to conduct their study in Gantiwarno to investigate further this condition.