bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Erosion and Sedimentation
Authors: Nordin Carl F.
Published: April 2012

Research activities in erosion and sedimentation processes have expanded broadly during the past several years and have kept pace with generally accelerated developments in all phases of hydrology and water resources investigations.
Geochemistry of water
Authors: Bricker Owen P.
Published: April 2012

The quadrennium 1967–1970 has been a productive period in the field of water geochemistry. Field studies, laboratory investigations, and theoretical considerations have led to significant advances in our knowledge of the chemical behavior of natural waters and of the solid earth materials that contain them. A symposium on trace inorganics in water, sponsored by the American Chemical Society, was held in Miami, Florida, in 1967. The proceedings of this conference were published in 1968 in the Advances in Chemistry Series 73. This volume deals with the occurrence, behavior, and analysis of inorganic constituents in natural waters.
Water resources systems
Authors: Schwarz Harry E.
Published: April 2012

There is probably no precedent in the field of water resources for the manner in which researchers have seized upon and applied the techniques of systems analysis to water resources problems. The realization that there were now available recently developed mathematical techniques that might be applied to “optimally allocate limited resources among competing activities,” resulted in an almost frantic drive on the part of researchers to apply these techniques. Universities, government agencies, and professional societies all shared in this drive [Dracup et al., 1970].’
General circulation of the atmosphere
Authors: Manabe Syukuro
Published: April 2012

Extensive processing of aerologic data has been made by using high‐speed electronic computers. They have yielded better descriptions of the global distributions of various quantities such as wind, temperature, and, particularly, the meridional circulation.

Taljaard et al. [1969] extended the analysis of the northern hemisphere by Crutcher [e.g., Crutcher and Meserve, 1970] to the southern hemisphere and obtained the monthly mean fields of geopotential height, temperature, and dew point by compiling the massive observational data. These results have been published in convenient map form and are also available on magnetic tape.
Atmospheric chemistry
Authors: Cadle Richard D.
Published: April 2012

The current intense concern with environmental quality in the United States has resulted in maintaining or possibly even increasing the amount of research in atmospheric chemistry in a period of scientific retrenchment. Thus there has been increasing emphasis during the last few years on the use of chemistry to determine effects of mankind on the earth's atmosphere; much of this work has involved determining the sources, concentrations, and mechanisms of removal (sinks) of atmospheric trace constituents, both natural and man‐made.
Air‐sea interaction
Authors: Pond Stephen
Published: April 2012

Air‐sea interaction is concerned with the coupling between the atmosphere and ocean. This coupling is a highly nonlinear turbulent process with a great deal of feedback. It is fundamental to the motions of both fluids. The winds produce waves and currents. Thus the ocean (and the land too, of course) brakes the atmospheric motion by extracting momentum and mechanical energy. The ocean in turn gives off heat, both sensible and latent (in the form of water vapor); this heat provides one of the main energy sources for atmospheric motions. The nature of this energy source is affected by the turbulence produced by the frictional (braking) effects, and the spatial distribution is affected by the currents. This coupling involves a very broad range of scales from milliseconds to centuries in time ind from microns up to the earth's circumference in space.
Planetary atmospheres
Authors: Belton Michael J. S.
Published: April 2012

The past three years have been marked by a rapid growth of interest in dynamical processes in planetary atmospheres, and the summary review that follows is concerned entirely with this topic. The accompanying bibliography, however, covers work done on a much wider selection of topics, including composition, pressure, and temperature measurements; vertical structure, radiative transfer and papers concerned with the interpretation of spectra; atmospheric evolution; and cloud and haze phenomena. The extensive work that has been done concerning the upper atmospheres of the planets is not covered in this report. The number of conferences held and the variety of valuable technical reviews that have recently been published concerning atmospheric processes and phenomena is indicative of the activity in the subject.
Numerical weather prediction
Authors: Phillips Norman A.
Published: April 2012

This report, like its predecessor of four years ago, concentrates on the prediction of atmospheric flow patterns by objective methods that are based on the laws of physics. Purely statistical‐empirical methods are not treated.
Extended industrial revolution and climate change
Authors: Frisken W. R.
Published: April 2012

The earth's climate has changed noticeably within man's recorded history and much more dramatically during that longer period whose record we must examine in the geology of earth's crustal rock. To plan an intelligent use of our resources, we must frame our plans in a total environment; and the earth's climate is perhaps the determinant factor in this environment. We must understand how the climate is going to change and whether man's activities can influence climate. It is clear that if our activities are of sufficient scale to cause the climate to deteriorate, then they might also be made to improve it, at least for some minority of the earth's population. Understanding is also important on the part of those whose interest might be restraining such experiments.
The environmental context
Authors: Malone Thomas F.
Published: April 2012

Secure as we may feel in the conviction that a better understanding of the physical universe in which we live, and a deeper knowledge of t he processes of plant and animal life in that universe, have the potential for improving rather than degrading t he lot of mankind, not all of our fellow beings share this belief. One of our challenges during the balance of this century is to demonstrate that in their pure and applied forms the physical sciences, the life sciences, and the social sciences—properly developed and orchestrated in the services of mankind—do constitute forces for good rather than evil. We must endeavor to bring these disciplines together, to extend and to strengthen our knowledge, and to perfect the use of that knowledge in the service of mankind.
New anti‐pollution advertising campaign
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

An advertising campaign to fight pollution is being conducted by the Advertising Council, Inc., for Keep America Beautiful, Inc. At a press conference in May, William D. Ruckelshaus, Administrator for the Environmental Protection Agency, endorsed the new campaign, which focuses on the theme ‘People start pollution. People can stop it.’ The advertisements stress that pollution is not only an institutional problem, but also a personal problem, and that individuals can act in many ways to stop the spread of pollution. Suggestions are given in the pamphlet published by the Advertising Council, ‘71 Things You Can Do to Stop Pollution.’ The campaign will encompass transit boards, billboards, magazine advertisements, and radio and television commercials.
President's Council on Environmental Quality Reports on Toxic Substances
Authors: Anonynous
Published: April 2012

U.S. production of the approximately 9000 synthetic organic compounds multiplied nearly threefold between 1969 and 1968; the consumption of beryllium increased by 500% between 1948 and 1968. These and other such statistics are the harbingers of greater threats to man's environment, according to the Report of Toxic Substances released by the President's Council on Environmental Quality.
First federal plan for marine environmental prediction
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

A comprehensive federal program in Marine Environmental Prediction services has been announced by NOAA Administrator Robert M. White. White is the federal coordinator for MAREP.

The purposes of the program are to integrate all present federal marine environmental monitoring systems, to assess and improve these systems, and to provide better prediction and warning services to people engaged in activities within the marine environment.
World's hydrologic cycle modeled by NOAA scientists
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

NOAA meteorologists have put mathematical equations to work in a computer and successfully simulated many of the major features of the world's hydrologic cycle.

Starting only with equations describing atmospheric motions, the locations and heights of the continents, and sea‐surface temperatures, the computer correctly located rainbelts in the tropics, areas of desert such as the Sahara and western Australia, and the watersheds of some of the world's major rivers, such as the Amazon in South America, the Congo and Nile in Africa, and the Mississippi.
Fish sounds in book and on tape
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

A book entitled Sounds of Western North Atlantic Fishes is the result of a study of Marie Poland Fish and William H. Mobray of the University of Rhode Island. For 25 years they have been ‘listening’ to the sounds that come primarily from the fishes' swim bladder. The book reports on 220 species of fish, of which 153 produce sufficient sound for scientific analysis. The sounds are shown graphically in the book by sonagrams and oscillograms, and for each species there is information on size, habits, distribution, and how it makes sound. Two nine‐inch tape recordings containing the sounds of the species described in the book will be available in the fall. The book, published by Johns Hopkins Press, costs $12.50.
ORAU develops environmental measuring devices for high school students
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU) in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, will develop and test a package of environmental measuring devices that high school students will build themselves from basic electronic components and then use to monitor air, water, noise, and radiation pollution levels in their home communities.
NSF expands Tundra research
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

More than 90 scientists from 32 institutions will participate in an expanded ecological research program in tundra areas of the United States. Alaska, in particular, will be studied, according to William D. McElroy, Director of the National Science Foundation.

The investigations will range from studies of bacteria in the soil to bird and mammal populations on Alaska's North Slope, and from nutrient content of lakes and ponds to analysis of the atmosphere. Geographically, scientists will conduct research from inside the Arctic Circle at Barrow, Alaska, south to the mountains of Colorado.
Satellite could speed water data transmission
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

The U.S. Geological Survey has announced a plan to relay streamflow, water quality, and groundwater level data from monitoring stations to a central records center via an earth‐orbiting satellite.

In an address in May before the International Workshop on Earth Resources Survey Systems at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Richard W. Paulson, of the USGS water resources division office, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, described an experiment involving 20 hydrologic stations in the Delaware River basin where radio‐telemetered data would be picked up and relayed by NASA's first experimental earth resources technological satellite, ERTS‐A, planned for launching early next year.
Natural Resources Information System
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

The Earth Resources Observation Systems (EROS) Program of the Department of the Interior is contracting for the design and operational demonstration of a Natural Resources Information System (NARIS). The contract will be administered by the Bureau of Indian Affairs and the Bureau of Land Management.

The EROS Program, directed by USGS Director W.T. Pecora, is supporting a continuing effort to apply the latest aerospace technologies to problems of managing the vast resources that are the responsibility of the federal government. The program is conducted in cooperation with NASA.
Mineral engineering specialization to be offered at University of Missouri‐Rolla
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

A specialization within the established graduate program in the Mining, Petroleum, and Geological Engineering Department will be offered at the University of Missouri‐Rolla starting in the fall. Designed to emphasize the prevention and control of water pollution, it will prepare mineral engineering personnel to plan, develop, and manage environmental protection and control programs of the mining and petroleum industries.

According to Don L. Warner, Director of the mineral industries' environmental program within the department, this specialization has been developed to fill the need for mining, petroleum, and geological engineers to guide the environmental work of mining and oil companies and state and federal regulatory agencies. ‘The program,’ he says, ‘is the first of its type in the nation.’
Fifty‐Second Annual Meeting 1971
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

The Fifty‐Second Annual Meeting was held on April 12–16, 1971, in the Sheraton‐Park Hotel, Washington, D.C. Total registration was 2504, including 1871 members and 633 nonmembers. This registration compares with last year's total of 2469, including 1911 members and 558 nonmembers, and a total registration of 2666 in 1969.
Highlights of the Council Meeting, April 11, 1971
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

International Participation. It was reported that there was some danger that ICSU and its affiliated unions would lose their Unesco subventions under a Unesco resolution forbidding such grants to organizations having as members countries practicing apartheid such as South Africa. The council passed the following resolution that is to be forwarded to the Chairman of the United States National Commission for Unesco. ‘The Council of the American Geophysical Union acting as the United States National Committee for the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics strongly endorses the positions that have been taken by the International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU) and the National Academy of Sciences of the United States with respect to the nonpolitical nature of ICSU and its affiliated Unions.’ It was further remarked that in transmitting this resolution a preamble should be included indicating that although we deplore racial discrimination we are bound to recognize the fact that the free interchange of scientific thought on a nongovernmental level has proved valuable inspite of governmental differences.
Tenth presentation John Adam Fleming Medel to Walter M. Elsasser
Authors: Parker Eugene , Elsasser Walter M.
Published: April 2012

In 1925 de Broglie expounded his famous hypothesis that particulate matter is basically a wave phenomenon. In the same year, Walter M. Elsasser, while still a student, made his first major scientific contribution, working from this hypothesis, pointing out that diffraction phenomena should appear when electrons are reflected from crystal surges or are passed through narrow apertures. Two years later the experiments of Davisson and Germer brilliantly confirmed this prediction.
U.S./Japan Bilateral Seminar in Hydrology
Authors: Yevjevich V. , Downs C. E.
Published: April 2012

The U.S./Japan Bilateral Seminar in Hydrology was held in the East‐West Center of the University of Hawaii, Honolulu, January 11–17, 1971. Its theme was ‘The Systems Approach to Analysis of Hydrologic Processes and Environments.’ The seminar was attended by eight Japanese and nine U.S. scientists, with each participant presenting a paper. The subject content of the papers represented recent work of the contributors on some phase of their activities and provided an opportunity both for an exchange of useful ideas and an evaluation of other participants' activities and research progress. The seminar consisted of 19 papers in 9 sessions followed by two field excursions. Great interest in ways of improving the interactions between research hydrologists and field engineers was evident throughout the meeting.
U.S. officials appointed for IFYGL
Authors: Ludwigson J. O.
Published: April 2012

Eugene J. Aubert has been appointed U.S. Director of the IFYGL by the new U.S. lead agency, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) of the Department of Commerce. Aubert was formerly Director of Atmospheric Resources Management at the Center for Environment and Man in Hartford, Connecticut. Before that, he served as a Vice President of the Travelers Research Center, Inc., in Hartford.
Notes and commentary
Authors: Downs C. E.
Published: April 2012

The eighth annual Lake Superior Biological Conference will be held October 8 and 9, 1971, on the campus of Michigan Technological University at Houghton, Michigan.

The Conferences originated at Michigan Tech in 1964 as a means of bringing together biologists of the Lake Superior region for an exchange of information on both formal and informal bases. A principal area of interest at the meetings is the ecology of the region.
Books
Authors: Heindl L. A. , Tolson Jan , Downs C. E.
Published: April 2012

The Physical Environment of Saskatoon, Canada was edited by E. A. Christiansen of the Saskatchewan Research Council in cooperation with the National Research Council of Canada. It is NRC publication no. 11378 (1970), contains 68 pages, and sells for $15.

This report, according to its own Foreword, is a pioneer example of what can be done in bringing together the ‘essential information of the region’ surrounding a city. It is also an example of expanded ‘urban geology’ prepared as a ‘cooperative study…by a group of local experts…’ As additional information becomes available, the Foreword continues, ‘the accuracy of the over‐all picture presented in this volume will be increased; some corrections might even be necessary. It is essential that all studies of urban and regional geology be regarded as continuing operations, not to be terminated by the publication of even so comprehensive a volume as this.’
Foreign reports available on loan
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

Australian Water Resources Council, Water Resources Newsletter No. 15, December 1970.

The Australian Water Resources Council Water Resources Newletter, No. 15, December 1970, contains an account of the activities of the A.W.R.C. and its Committees and Panels as well as new developments in Australian Water Resources activities. This 93‐page newsletter contains major sections on the following topics: Current Activities of the A.W.R.C.; Water Resources Surveys, Measurements, Computations and Analytical Results; Water Resources Development and Management; Environmental and Water Quality Management; Desalination; Water Research; and International Activities, including meetings, conferences, symposia. Also included is a section on legislation, books, and publications.
Chondrites
Authors: Dodd R. T.
Published: April 2012

Because of their numerical dominance among meteorite falls, their great age, and their primitive (i.e., quasisolar) compositions, the chondrites are central to discussions of the origin and early history of the solar system. The bibliography includes most American contributions m this field from 1967 to 1970, and this report attempts to summarize our present understanding of several problems posed by the chondrites.
Planetary dynamics
Authors: Peale S. J.
Published: April 2012

Under planetary dynamics we include precise range determinations and improvements in the ephemerides, new ideas and tests of general relativity, tidal evolution of planetary spins and the orbit of the moon, commensurabilities in the solar system, and several selected topics dealing with unusual or long standing problems. Specific techniques of celestial mechanics are not included except as direct applications to the above subjects. References that provide observational or theoretical background to the various topics even though not pertaining directly to planetary dynamics are included in the bibliography.
Planetary interiors
Authors: Wood J. A.
Published: April 2012

Most publications on planetary interiors in the last 4 years have dealt with the moon, and the most popular topic has been the interpretation of lunar mascons (the nature and discovery of mascons are covered in the review ‘Selenodesy and Planetary Geodesy’ by W. M. Kaula). Urey [1968] and Stipe [1968] suggest that the mass concentrations are dense meteoritic material, remnants of the same meteoritic projectiles that excavated the mare basins on which the mascons are centered. Conel and Holstrom [1968] attribute the gravitational anomalies to flat plates of dense rock, probably lava, that filled crater basins in less‐dense lunar crustal material. O'Keefe [1968], Baldwin [1968a], and Wood et al. [1970] arrived at almost the same conclusion. Kaula [1969] and Wise and Yates [1970] propose that plugs of denser mantle material were pushed up into the mare basins. Kaula suggests the plug was driven past the position of isostatic equilibrium by excess lithostatic pressures generated in the moon by more rapid cooling of, and consequent shrinkage of, the outer layers of the moon; Wise and Yates halt the mantle plug at the isostatically compensated level but then fill the remaining topographic low with lava.
The surfaces of solar‐system bodies
Authors: Huguenin Robert L. , McCord Thomas B.
Published: April 2012

Extensive study of the lunar surface using spacecraft (Ranger, Surveyor, Orbitor, and Apollo projects) and a surge of activity at visible, IR, and radio wavelengths using ground‐based telescopes during the past 5 years has resulted in a staggering increase in knowledge of the moon. It is impossible to cover properly even the major results in this limited format. We give here a very abbreviated discussion and refer the interested reader to the project reports and review articles listed in the first section of the bibliography. Individual references in the text are not given when the topic is covered in the appropriate mission report, usually by several authors. Articles that appeared separately in the literature are referenced in the text. The bibliography contains only articles that appear in major scientific journals. Again the extent of the literature has required extensive, and perhaps some improper, deletions.
Neutral upper atmosphere structure
Authors: Keating Gerald M.
Published: April 2012

This review summarizes major contributions by the United States during the period 1967 to 1970 that deal with the structure of the neutral atmosphere above 90 km (the thermosphere and exosphere). An effort has been made to minimize possible overlap with the other reviews presented here, i.e., neutral atmosphere dynamics, hydrogen in the upper atmosphere, aurora and airglow, and various reviews in meteorology. Comprehensive reviews of recent results have been given by Champion [1968, 1969, 1970] on the lower thermosphere and by Jacchia [1968, 1969, 1970b] on the thermosphere and lower exosphere.
Ionosphere, D and E regions
Authors: Donahue T. M.
Published: April 2012

The most notable contributions to our understanding of the D and E regions of the ionosphere made during the period from 1967 to 1971 have come through the following developments: the determination of the ionic composition of the ionosphere through the use of mass spectrometers flown on sounding rockets; the measurement of electron density profiles under a wide range of conditions, at various latitudes, hours, and seasons, during eclipses and winter anomalies with probes in combination with radio receivers for propagation measurements flown on sounding rockets; the measurement of the concentration of several important minor species in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere, such as NO, O2(a1 Δg), and Na; the explosive outburst of laboratory measurements of rate constants for reactions between electrons, ions, and molecules of atmospheric interest. These developments have been accompanied by some significant successes and some significant failures in theoretical studies attempting to reconcile the measurements.
Airglow
Authors: Gadsden M.
Published: April 2012

The past 4 years have seen the continuation of considerable activity in airglow research. Patterns of changing emphasis are becoming clear, observations are tending to become more selective, and changes in technique have led to regular observations of dayglow, line widths in the nightglow, and observations in the middle and far ultraviolet, detection and measurement of extremely faint emission lines, and the extension of the observed region well into the infrared.
Magnetosphere
Authors: Brice Neil M.
Published: April 2012

This report on progress in the magnetosphere covers the calendar years 1967–1970 inclusive. Bibliographical coverage is also for the period 1967–1970: therefore, results presented at conferences but not yet available in published form may be cited.

The topic of the magnetosphere has been divided into five sections: magnetopause; magnetosphere structure, tail, and plasma sheet; convection and the plasmapause; storms and substorms; and ring current and energetic particles. These divisions have some overlap and are somewhat arbitrary, but they form a convenient framework for dividing up the new theory and observations. Substantial progress has been made in both theoretical and experimental work and in development of new technology. It is now possible to measure all the parameters (electric and magnetic fields and particles in all energy ranges) known or believed to be important in the physics of the magnetosphere.
The geophysicist as a citizen
Authors: Dobrin Milton B.
Published: April 2012

For the first time in history, the availability as well as the ultimate disposal of the earth's mineral and energy resources have become issues of paramount importance in our political and economic life. Because the public is being confronted with the need to make decisions on questions involving the earth and its environment, the earth scientist now finds himself in a position of unprecedented responsibility. He must provide his fellow citizens and governmental leaders with the basic information needed to make wise and knowledgeable decisions on matters that could profoundly affect their future way of life. In addition he must often interpret his information in a way that will identify physically realizable courses of action.
The President's Page: Coming of age
Authors: Newell Homer E.
Published: April 2012

In November of 1970, Philip Handler, President of the National Academy of Sciences, addressed a letter to the American Geophysical Union suggesting that AGU give consideration to acquiring independent legal status separate from the Academy. After fifty years of association with the Academy, AGU has become a society of over 10,000 members, with a substantial meetings and publication program and a good‐sized annual budget. Except for its role as the U.S. National Committee for the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics, the AGU has been operating largely independently of the Academy and has certainly come of age.
A proposed spherical harmonic analysis program for geomagnetic data
Authors: McDonald Keith L.
Published: April 2012

The geomagnetic data that has accumulated during the past one‐third millennium is of sufficient quantity and accuracy to allow the construction of a sequence of models‐each separated from the adjacent models by one or a few decades—that can be analyzed to yield the Gauss‐Schmidt coefficients for each epoch. A knowledge of these coefficients during this period is useful (a) in the study of the trends and the symmetry properties of the observed magnetic field and its inferred counterpart at the core‐mantle boundary, especially during the present period of decline of the intensity field. This decline appears to have begun some 300 years ago, judging from the trend in the asymmetry existing between the northern and southern hemispheres [McDonald and Gunst, 1968]. And (b) in the study of the fluid velocity field and the magnetic field to depths of a few hundred kilometers below the core‐mantle boundary. These studies also involve the electrical conductivity distribution throughout the solid mantle, which function can be more accurately determined only through a greater knowledge of the periods that characterize the secular variation field and its latitude distribution over the core‐mantle boundary. It has been shown [McDonald, 1968] that a knowledge of the observed magnetic field throughout an extended time interval is sufficient to allow the computation of the velocity field and the magnetic induction to depths of a few hundred kilometers below the core boundary.
Modification of the marine environment—Know before you do
Authors: Singer S. Fred
Published: April 2012

Doing things in the ocean that have economic value generally results in some modification of the natural environment. When we develop or manage marine resources, either within the ocean itself or on the ocean bottom, but especially along the coastal margins, then we are influencing the physical and biological state of the ocean in some manner that will have not only certain shortrange effects, but also good or bad long‐range effects. As we look to the future, we can see that our scale of development of marine resources is going to increase tremendously and so, therefore, must our concern with the resulting modifications. The exploitation of offshore oil and offshore sulphur has increased by leaps and bounds; thanks to modern techniques of electronic location and catching, fishing activities are now able to wipe out a complete fishery in a short time unless controlled. The blue whale has essentially disappeared; although we are not aware yet of any ecological consequences following from this disappearance, we can observe the population dynamics and the substitution of fisheries when we overfish, for example, the California sardine or the Atlantic menhaden. The construction of shipping canals has led to biological and ecological modification, e.g., the invasion of the Great Lakes by the lamprey or the invasion of the Mediterranean through the Suez Canal by species from the Red Sea. Pollution of the marine environment, again in the coastal zone, has been increasing at a rapid rate through continuous discharge as well as through accidents.
Notre Dame scientists study lake pollution
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

Scientists and engineers at the University of Notre Dame will test and evaluate possible methods of reducing pollution in Stone Lake, near Cassopolis, Michigan, under a $46,335 grant from the Environmental Protection Agency.

Mark W. Tenney, Associate Professor of civil engineering, explained that a group of five researchers has been studying Stone Lake since 1966, when the nearby town removed a sewage plant that polluted the lake. The team found that the small lake, which has no distinct inflows other than rainfall and runoff and no outflow but seepage, has not improved in the five years since the plant was removed.
Central Atlantic region to be studied from air and space
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

A 30,000 square‐mile region extending from Norfolk, Virginia, to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and from the Potomac and James River basins to the Atlantic seaboard has been designated by the U.S. Geological Survey as a special target for ecological analysis based on data from highaltitude aircraft and earth‐orbiting satellites. Designated as CARETS (Central Atlantic Regional Ecological Test Site), the project will be directed by the USGS in cooperation with NASA and with the participation of other federal, state, and local agencies having environmental interests in the region. Included in the project are such study ‘sub‐sites’ as the Chesapeake Bay, the lower James, Delaware Bay, the Coastal Barrier islands, and the Washington‐Baltimore metropolitan area.
NOAA Awards $36,500 for Pacific Sea Grant Advisory Program
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

A Sea Grant award of $36,500 will support a Pacific Sea Grant Advisory Program (PASGAP). The regional program is being established because many users of marine resources do not confine their efforts within the boundaries or off the shores of a single state.

The NOAA grant was made to Oregon State University, Corvallis, which will act as administrator for the seven participants—the University of Alaska, University of British Columbia, University of California, University of Hawaii, University of Washington, and National Marine Fisheries Service.
Working Symposium on Sea‐Air Chemistry
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

A Working Symposium on Sea‐Air Chemistry will be held at Schraft's Motor Inn, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, January 31–February 2, 1972. The symposium is sponsored by the National Science Foundation. It will concentrate on nongaseous chemical transport from the ocean to the atmosphere and will be especially concerned with fractionation of various chemical species during the bubble breading process at the sea‐air interface.

The symposium will be composed of several invited papers, and a limited number of contributed papers will be accepted on such subjects as: bubbles as a sea‐to‐air transport mechanism; chemistry of organic surfaceactive material in sea water; surface structure of water; chemical fractionation mechanisms at the sea‐air interface; chemistry of marine aerosols; and use of ion fractionation data in meteorology.
Environmental impact evaluation guide proposed
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

An environmental impact evaluation guide based on the information ‘matrix’ concept has been issued by the U.S. Geological Survey.

‘Using a “matrix” of this kind,” Secretary of the Interior Rogers C.B. Morton said, ‘an agency planning a local or regional development can quickly check the specific actions involved, and mark the existing environmental conditions likely to be significantly affected by them.’
Projections for manpower needs for pollution control are tenuous
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

A report to be issued at the end of the summer by the Air Pollution Control Administration of the Environmental Protection Agency will highlight the tenuous nature of projections of national manpower needs in the pollution control field.

Only a year ago, the agency predicted manpower requirements by 1974 of 8000–9000 workers in air pollution work, an increase of some 300% over 1969 levels. These predictions, made at congressional hearings, were termed ‘conservative’ at the time and were expected to be revised upward.
EPA supports research in plastics recovery methods
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

The possibility of recovering and recycling an increasingly large fraction of plastics in municipal solid waste without having to separate them by their chemical types is the goal of a planned three‐year research project underway at the University of Texas in Austin.

Funded by a $62,142 research grant from the Office of Solid Waste Management Programs, Environmental Protection Agency, the project will seek to develop a method of solving the crucial problem of recovering, from a common source, three major polymers that are chemically incompatible with each other: polyethelene, polystyrene, and polyvinyl.
1972 IUCRM Colloquium
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

The Inter‐Union Commission on Radio Meteorology of URSI and IUGG will hold a colloquium on ‘Waves and Turbulence in Stratified Layers and Their Effects on EM Propagation.’ The 1972 IUCRM Colloquium will be held in San Diego, California, June 6–15, 1972. The major topics of the colloquium are: origin of turbulence in stable layers7semi; remote probing of turbulence in stable layers; interaction of waves and turbulence; the nature of CAT and its predication; laboratory experiments; theoretical and experimental analyses of stability criteria; transport processes and spectral characteristics (anistropy, spectral saturation); and effects on E and M propagation. The topics will be treated in depth by review sessions, contributed papers, and working groups.
New abstracts Journal for Photographic Science and Engineering literature
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

The Society of Photographic Scientists and Engineers is now puslishing a journal entitled Abstracts of Photographic Science and Engineering Literature. Published bimonthly, it lists about 7000 abstracts each year covering technical journals, photographic patents, technical meeting proceedings, U.S. government research and development reports, and other technical abstracting serives.
Corrections [to: AGU May and July Issues]
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

In the May issue of Eos, AGU section […] The sentence should read: "It was a special pleasure to welcome a foreign visitor, Yee Chang Wang, from the National Taiwan University."

In the July issue of the AGU section a line was omitted from Bowie Medalist Inge Lehmann's Acceptance and Response. […] It should read: "At this meeting the European Seismological Federation was founded, a society of which you probably never heard before, and I was made its President."

[A correction is also made to the July AGU section in "Post‐deadline Abstracts, SA63a."]
Oceanographic Office publishes reports on surveying with satellites and submersibles
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

The U.S. Naval Oceanographic Office has published two special reports outlining the tools and techniques for surveying the world's oceans from two divergent vantage points—outer space or the ocean depths.

The publications are Microwave Observations of the Ocean Surface, SP‐152 (292 pp.), prepared by the office's Spacecraft Oceanography Project, and Manned Submersibles and Underwater Surveying, SP‐153 (156 pp.), authored by scientific personnel in the office's Deep Vehicles Branch.
New data show North America is rotating, sinking, rising, and tilting
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

Man has known for years that the earth is not stable. Violent natural forces, such as earthquakes, storms, and volcanoes, are continually altering its face. Now scientists say that the continents are slowly sinking, rising, tilting, and rotating. Continuing investigations by Charles Whitten, Chief Geodesist of the National Ocean Survey of NOAA, and other geodesists have resulted in some interesting findings and a better insight into the problems that arise as the land undergoes subtle but marked changes.
Joint Commerce‐HUD Earthquake Research Project announced
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

A research project to reduce earthquake hazards through improved land use and building codes and to provide information for improving insurance programs will be undertaken by the Department of Commerce and the Department of Housing and Urban Development.

To start the project, HUD will provide $155,000 to NOAA for the eighteen‐month study. NOAA conducts a broad program of studies related to earthquake hazard reduction and has developed strong working ties with the Earthquake Engineering Research Institute. EERI, a non‐profit corporation established in the public interest, consists of experts in all aspects of earthquake engineering. A significant aspect of the agreement is that NOAA will be able to call upon the capability in earthquake engineering of the EERI. Also participating will be the National Bureau of Standards and the U.S. Geological Survey.
Symposium on Environmental Assessment of Resource Development Project
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

The Institute for Technology and Society at Sacramento State College held a symposium on the preparation of Environmental Assessment Statements on June 14 and 15, 1971. The National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 and the California Environmental Quality Act of 1970 both require that the environmental impact of major governmental actions be analyzed and considered before public funding of projects is approved.

To comply with this requirement for Environmental Assessment Statements, agencies must determine the scope and depth of the statement. Questions confronting agencies include what is the impact of a project on water quality, runoff, wildlife, air quality, noise levels, waste disposal practices, land use, urbanization, agriculture, health, well‐being, employment, and the economy of a region. The symposium was conceived to provide an opportunity for interested persons, agencies, and educational institutions to meet and express their concepts of what should be contained in and accomplished by Environmental Assessment Statements.
Forty‐First SEG Annual Meeting
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

The Forty‐First Annual Meeting of the Society of Exploration Geophysicists will be held in Houston, Texas, November 7–11, 1971. In addition to general coverage of new technical developments, several special technical sessions are planned: lunar geophysics, deep water geophysics, geophysics in the Arctic, computers and geophysics, and mathematicalmodeling of elastic waves. There will also be a special session on exploration economics. A ladies' program, entertainment, and special events have been planned.
Geological Society Annual Meeting
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

The 1971 Annual Meeting of the Geological Society of America and its associated societies will be held at the Shoreham Hotel in Washington, D.C, November 1—3. In addition to the regular technical session, symposia of special interest will be held. They are entitled: ‘The Earth Sciences and the Environmental Challenge,’ ‘Plate Tectonics in Geologic History,’ and ‘The Precambrian.’ Also planned are field trips, ladies' activities, exhibits, a science theater, and employment interviews.
Bendix Environmental Science Division will add ocean instrument product line
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

The Environmental Science Division of the Bendix Corporation is adding oceanographic instrumentation to its product line. The new line will include ocean current meters, wave gauges, optic and temperature sensors, depth gauges and oceanographic buoy systems formerly manufactured and marketed by Marine Advisers, Inc., a Bendix subsidiary in Solana Beach, California.
New products
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

Soiltest, Inc., has developed an inexpensive and compact MD‐5 Engineering Seismograph. It can be used by one or two operators to determine depth and classification of subsurface materials.

The battery‐powered, all solid‐state instrument weighs only 10 lbs. and measures 11 in.×5 in.×10 in. Power supply is a 6‐volt battery, rechargeable by a built‐in charger or external AC or DC source.
Geophysicists
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

Soiltest, Inc., has developed an inexpensive and compact MD‐5 Engineering Seismograph. It can be used by one or two operators to determine depth and classification of subsurface materials.

The battery‐powered, all solid‐state instrument weighs only 10 lbs. and measures 11 in.×5 in.×10 in. Power supply is a 6‐volt battery, rechargeable by a built‐in charger or external AC or DC source.
World's wobble to be watched
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

Scientists from several countries will begin a special satellite observation program next month to determine how much the earth wobbles as it spins in space.

George Weiffenbach, head of Geoastronomy Programs for the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observation in Cambridge, Massachusetts, has announced that his organization would coordinate a fourteen‐month effort to measure the Chandler Wobble. Weiffenbach said the Earth‐Physics Satellite Observation Campaign (EPSOC) would use precise laser observations of orbiting satellites as the basis for observing the irregular motions in the rotation of the earth.
Space facility to include “down‐to‐Earth” study site
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

The U.S. Geological Survey has announced the establishment of a hydrologic science center at a NASA test facility in southwestern Mississippi.

According to a joint NASA‐USGS agreement, a Gulf Coast Hydroscience Center will be set up at NASA's Mississippi Test Facility (MTF), about 50 miles northeast of New Orleans, Louisiana. The 13,428‐acre test area was used by NASA to test stages of the Saturn V rocket used in the Apollo program. Beginning in 1973 at MTF, NASA plans to test fire rocket engines to power the Space Shuttle.
Eastern Mexico sliding slowly into Gulf
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

The eastern part of Mexico has been sliding slowly into the Gulf of Mexico during the past two million years, according to scientists of the U.S. Geological Survey.

The large, slow, landslide‐like phenomenon, which poses no real danger to life or property, involves a huge slab of the earth's crust comprising about 75,000 square miles east of the Sierra Madre Oriental, extending from just below the Texas border to south of Mexico City.
Scientists study data from transatlantic geotraverse
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

Information from the first complete geophysical investigation of the sea floor across an entire ocean is being analyzed by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

According to the project's chief scientist, Peter A. Rona, analyses now under way are expected to turn up information toward: a more thorough and valuable understanding of past and present movements of the continents and rifting of the sea floor; an assessment of oil and mineral deposits in the deep ocean; the employment of the theories of sea‐floor spreading and plate tectonics; and a better understanding of earthquake mechanisms.
Coastal Upwelling Experiment
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

The International Decade for Ocean Exploration (IDOE) program of the National Science Foundation has funded a major field program to study coastal upwelling off the coast of Oregon during the summer of 1972.

The Coastal Upwelling Experiment (CUE) is an intensive detailed field experiment designed in close coordination with numerical models and theoretical hypotheses, to study the physical dynamics of coastal upwelling. The objective of CUE is to obtain an understanding of the time and space scales of the coastal upwelling phenomenon and the ability to estimate the three‐dimensional velocity and distribution of properties. This is viewed as a first step toward attaining the capability to predict the complex integrated processes (biological and physical) in upwelling ecosystems.
Joint Conference on Sensing of Environmental Pollutants
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

A Joint Conference on Sensing of Environmental Pollutants will be held November 8–10, 1971, in Palo Alto, California. It is being sponsored by the American Chemical Society, the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, the Environmental Protection Agency, the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, the Instrument Society of America, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
New products
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2012

A new inclinometer, the Soiltest C‐350 Slope Meter, detects angular deviations from the vertical. It warns of potential landslides; detects lateral displacement in earth and rock dams and embankments; locates soil shear zones (as in subsidence areas above mines); and detects deflection and movement of structural members, piles, and bulkheads.
Working Group on Education and Training, Paris, France, March 29”April 2, 1971
Authors: Moore W. L.
Published: April 2012

The IHD Working Group on Education in Hydrology held its fourth session in Paris at Unesco House. The meeting was opened by S. Dumitrescu, Director of the Office of Hydrology, on behalf of the Director General of Unesco. Nine members, each representing a different country attended the meeting. Two members were unable to attend. There were two observers from the World Meteorological Organization.