bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gambaran Pelaksanaan Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat pada Tatanan Rumah Tangga : Literature Review
Authors: Hazrina Fadiah Insani  , Evi Martha
Published: July 2023

Latar Belakang: Telah terjadi pergeseran pola penyakit yakni penyakit malnutrisi dan infeksi ke penyakit degeneratif. Penyakit degeneratif dapat dicegah dengan melakukan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat (PHBS). Hal tersebut adalah upaya yang dilakukan untuk memberdayakan masyarakat dalam memelihara, meningkatkan dan melindungi kesehatannya. Menurut Riskesdas tahun 2018 proporsi anggota rumah tangga yang berperilaku benar cuci tangan dengan benar di Indonesia yaitu 49,8%, prevalensi merokok penduduk umur > 10 tahun di Indonesia sebanyak 29,3%.

Tujuan: Menjelaskan gambaran Pelaksanan Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat pada Tatanan Rumah Tangga di Indonesia.

Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tinjauan sistematis melalui pencarian artikel pada basis data online Google Scholar dan Science Direct, dengan variabel terkait 10 indikator dari perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat tatanan rumah tangga, artikel dipilih sesuai dengan alur diagram PRISMA serta dilakukan analisis tematik.

Hasil: Masyarakat yang melakukan persalinan ditolong oleh tenaga kesehatan sebanyak 60-100%, Untuk pemberian asi eksklusif sebanyak 42,7-91,1%, kemudian perilaku penimbangan bayi dan balita sebanyak 80-94,1%, Sedangkan masyarakat yang melakukan cuci tangan dengan air bersih dan sabun sebanyak 28,3-52,9%, Untuk masyarakat yang memiliki sumber air bersih sebanyak 94-100%, Masyarakat yang memiliki jamban sebanyak 49,43-100%. peilaku memberantas jentik nyamuk ada sebanyak 56,65-100%, Kebiasaan masyarakat mengkonsumi makanan sehat dan bergizi sebanyak 54,2-70%, kemudian masyarakat yang beraktivitas fisik rutin yaitu sebanyak 24-100%, dan perilaku masyarakat yang tidak merokok sebanyak 28-59,6%.

Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan hasil systematic review dapat disimpulkan persentase Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) pada tatanan rumah tangga di indonesia yaitu sebanyak 30â€“73,53%. Range proporsi ini sudah sesuai dan lebih besar dengan data riskesdas tahun 2013 yang menunjukkan bahwa pencapaian PHBS rumah tangga sebesar 32,3%, dan pada riskesdas tahun 2018 menunjukkan bahwa 68,74%.
Efektivitas Pelatihan dan Supervisi terhadap Peningkatan Kualitas Pendokumentasian Asuhan Keperawatan : Literature Review
Authors: Wahyuliati Tri , Regina VT Novita
Published: July 2023

Latar Belakang: Pelayanan asuhan keperawatan yang berkualitas dapat diwujudkan melalui kelengkapan dokumentasi. Pada kenyataannya masih ditemukan dokumentasi asuhan keperawatan yang tidak lengkap masih menjadi permasalahan di rumah sakit. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi praktik dokumentasi keperawatan adalah supervisi, sikap perawat, pelatihan, perbandingan perawat-pasien, motivasi dan pengetahuan perawat.

Tujuan: Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat hubungan Efektivitas Pelatihan Dan Supervisi Terhadap Peningkatan Kualitas Pendokumentasian Asuhan Keperawatan.

Metode: Jurnal yang digunakan dalam literature review berjumlah 10 jurnal. Penulusuran jurnal dilakukan melalui tiga database yaitu EBSCO, ProQuest, dan Google Scholar.

Hasil: Hasil yang didapatkan yaitu adanya pengaruh antara supervisi dan pengetahuan terhadap pendokumentasian asuhan keperawatan, supervisor dalam hal ini kepala ruangan berperan dalam mengarahkan perawat terutama dalam pendokumentasian asuhan keperawatan. Peran dari pengetahun perawat itu sendiri perlu ditingkatkan agar dokumentasi asuhan keperawatan dapat dilakukan dengan optimal. Pentingnya peran manajerial untuk melakukan pelatihan pendokumentasian asuhan keperawatan pada perawat pelaksana.

Kesimpulan: Implentasi pendokumentasian dengan supervise baik menggunakan elektronik atau paper based yang berformat dapat meningkatkan kualitas pendokumentasian asuhan keperawatan. Hal ini akan berdampak positif terhadap kepercayaan diri dan motivasi perawat dalam pendokumentasian.
Analisis Faktor Risiko Stunting pada Balita di Kecamatan Padangsidimpuan Batunadua Kota Padangsidimpuan
Authors: Nurhalimah Batubara  , Anto J. Hadi  , Haslinah Ahmad  , Owildan Wisudawan B
Published: July 2023

Latar belakang: Stunting merupakan kondisi gagal tumbuh pada anak balita akibat dari kekurangan gizi kronis sehingga anak menjadi terlalu pendek untuk seusianya. Kekurangan gizi dapat terjadi sejak bayi dalam kandungan dan pada masa awal setelah anak lahir, tetapi baru nampak setelah anak berusia 2 tahun, di mana keadaan gizi ibu dan anak merupakan faktor penting dari pertumbuhan anak.

Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis faktor risiko stunting di Kecamatan Padangsidimpuan Batunadua Kota Padangsidimpuan.

Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional dengan desain case control study. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Padangsidimpuan Batunadua dan dilakukan pada September 2022 sampai dengan Februari 2023. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh balita di 15 Kelurahan dan sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 74 balita. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara proportionale random sampling serta analisis data dengan menggunakan uji chi-square dan regresi logistik.

Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa asupan gizi (OR=26.181, CI=95%.1.075-6.375), riwayat penyakit infeksi (OR=2.555, CI.=95%.1.255-5.199),sanitasi lingkungan (OR=2.609, CI.=95%.1.332-5.107), status imunisasi (OR=17.033, CI.=95%.2.177-1.332), riwayat pemberian ASI Eksklusif (OR=3.860, CI.=95%1.950-7.641) merupakan faktor risiko stunting pada balita serta variabel yang paling dominan terhadap risiko stunting adalah asupan gizi dengan Exp (B) =5,200 dengan koefisien regresi (B) =3,951.

Kesimpulan: ditemukan bahwa balita yang mengalami risiko stunting diakibatkan oleh faktor asupan gizi, riwayat penyakit infeksi, sanitasi, status imunisasi,riwayat pemberian ASI eksklusif. Sehingga perlu upaya untuk mencegah atau pun menanggulangi permasalahan stunting pada balita melalui pendekatan edukasi keluarga serta perilaku hidup sehat ditiap daerah.
Analisis Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Perilaku Merokok Masyarakat di Desa Batu Layan Puskesmas Pintu Langit Kota Padang Sidempuan
Authors: Rosmini Siahaan  , Megawati  , Haslinah Ahmad  , Rusdiyah Sudirman Made Ali
Published: July 2023

Latar belakang: Rokok adalah silinder dari kertas berukuran panjang antara 70 hingga 120 mm dengan diameter sekitar 10 mm yang berisi daun-daun tembakau yang telah di cacah. Sebatang rokok itu mengandung 4000 jenis senyawa zat kimia beracun, 400 diantaranya merupakan zat berbahaya dan 43 zat kimia diantaranya adalah bersifat Karsinogenik.

Tujuan: untuk menganalisis faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku merokok masyarakat di Desa Batu Layan Puskesmas Pintu Langit Kota Padang Sidempuan.

Metode: Jenis penelitian adalah kuantitatif dengan menggunakan desain penelitian cross section study. Populasi adalah seluruh keluarga yang ada di desa batu layan sebanyak 165 keluarga dan sampel penelitian sebanyak 165 yang diambil menggunakan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling dengan uji statistik menggunakan chi-square dan regresi logistik.

Hasil: Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan (p=0,000), sikap (p=0,000), persepsi (p=0,000), dan jenis kelamin (p=0,000) adalah variabel yang berhubungan dengan perilaku merokok masyarakat. Variabel tingkat pendidikan (p=0,858) tidak berhubungan dengan perilaku merokok masyarakat serta variabel persepsi yang paling berhubungan terhadap perilaku merokok masyarakat dengan nilai Exp (B) 4,352.

Kesimpulan: diperoleh bahwa temuan pada penelitian ini dipengaruhi oleh faktor pengetahuan, sikap, persepsi dan jenis kelamin sehingga diperlukan komunikasi, informasi dan edukasi pada keluarga atau masyarakat terkait perilaku merokok.
Synthesis of Mono- and Diacylglycerol Using High Shear Reactor
Authors: Rohana Nanda Legiasa Rabiul Tsani , Millati Ria , Yanti Rini , Ardani Aulia Safrina , Hidayat Chusnul
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to obtain the best characteristics of a product containing a mixture of high mono- and diacylglycerol (MDAG) from a palm olein and coconut oil blend through glycerolysis- interesterification using a high shear reactor. The most optimum reaction was performed at a relatively low temperature (120 °C), 3% NaOH as a catalyst, a 12% molecular sieve, and an agitating speed of 2000 rpm. The evaluated factors were palm olein: coconut oil ratios (70:30, 60:40, 50:50, 40:60, and 30:70) and oil: glycerol ratios (1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, and 1:7). The results showed that palm olein: coconut oil ratio had a significant effect on melting point (MP), slip melting point (SMP), hardness, and emulsion capacity and stability, but it did not have a significant effect on MDAG concentration (P > 0.05). Besides, modifying a high-shear reactor with a vacuum pump and molecular sieve caused a decrease in water content in the system, subsequently reducing free fatty acid (FFA) significantly (P < 0.05). The reaction condition at palm olein: coconut oil ratio of 50:50 and oil: glycerol ratio of 1:5 produced the highest MDAG concentration (58.28%) with FFA, water content, hardness, SMP, MP, emulsion capacity, and emulsion stability about 6.75%, 7.00%, 3.93 N, 33.23 °C, 35.57 °C, 62.66%, and 61.59%, respectively. Thus, glycerolysis-interesterification of palm olein and coconut oil blend in a high shear reactor is a promising alternative to produce a product containing high MDAG with better characteristics at a relatively low temperature. The product can be used for chocolate spread based on its emulsion capacity, stability, and semi-solid hardness.
Towards a Sustainable Blue Economy in EU and Beyond
Authors: Paulauskienė Tatjana
Published: July 2023

Climate change and environmental degradation are the biggest complex and interlinked challenges of our times. With the Paris Agreement on climate change in force in 2015, the transition to a modern and low-carbon economy has to be accelerated. According to scientists, without urgent action, the global temperature could hit a 2°C increase soon after 2060, turning the earth into a “hothouse”. The European Green Deal set the blueprint for transformational change. It is an integral part of European Commission’s strategy to implement the United Nation’s 2030 Agenda and the sustainable development goals. Under the European Climate Law, EU countries must cut greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55% by 2030 (compared to 1990 levels). Their goal is to make Europe the first climate-neutral continent on the planet by 2050.
Digitalisasi UMKM: Pendayagunaan Media Sosial sebagai Sarana Pemasaran
Authors: Rahmawati Elisa , Yuliani Sri , Adam Habiel ‘Nur Daffarzha , Novinda Sari Dherisa , Damara Afifah Fanny , Gilang Narasrestha Candraditya Cipta M. , Andina Kamiliya Nayla , Ajam Aji Taskur , Diyah Novitasari Yuliana
Published: July 2023

In the current era, the development of MSMEs in the utilization of natural resources continues to be carried out in order to support the family economy. However, in reality, there are still problems in developing MSME, namely the lack of understanding and knowledge of MSME actors related to agricultural product innovation and the use of digitization so that the sale of agricultural products is still at standard prices and not widely known. The purpose of this community service is to help change the people's mindset in selling agricultural products and utilizing social media as a sales strategy in order to increase selling prices and expand the market so as to support the family economy and reduce poverty. The approach used is a participatory approach by involving the community in the process. Partners in this community service are MSME actors in Sambiharjo Village, Paranggupito District, Wonogiri. The results of this community service activity are in the form of giving directions regarding product packaging and product marketing with digitization efforts. Product innovations produced by MSME actors should be maintained and followed up so that they can be effective in supporting MSME development and increasing product selling prices and supporting the family economy.
Analisis Assesment dalam Pendidikan Inklusi di SDIT Dauroh
Authors: Nurfadhilah Septy
Published: July 2023

Inclusive education is a government program in seeking an equal education system without any discrimination or distinction between normal students and students with special needs in the same class so that they are able to obtain a decent education equivalent to the education obtained by other students in general. Inclusive education has special learning tools in order to be able to carry out the learning process intensively in accordance with the objectives of inclusive education. One of them is the use of assessment in the individual and group assessment process in the learning process. The research method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive approach with the research objective of examining the implementation of appropriate assessments in their application to inclusive education programs. The results of the study indicate that the assessment in inclusive education is an academic assessment consisting of academic, non-academic and developmental assessments and developmental assessments consisting of students' perceptions, language and motor skills
Penerapan Pendekatan Science Environment Technology and Society (Sets) untuk Meningkatkan Literasi Sains Siswa di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Julianto Enggi
Published: July 2023

This study was motivated by the low science literacy skills of Class VI students in science learning. The purpose of this study was to describe the implementation of learning using the SETS approach in science learning and the results of improving students' science literacy. The research method to be used is classroom action research by adapting the model of Kemmis and Taggart which is carried out with 2 cycles. The research subjects were 6th grade students at SDS 023 Astra Agro Lestari with a research focus of 15 students. The results of this study indicate that: (1) The implementation of science learning in environmental pollution material was carried out well by teachers and students. (2) The increase in students' science literacy in each cycle is very high with an average of 48.42 (pretest), 75.78 (cycle 1), and 87.89 (cycle 2).
Sistem Pembuktian pada Hukum Acara Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara di Indonesia
Authors: Prasetyo Ningrum Valencia , Rasji Rasji , Safitri Yuliya
Published: July 2023

In the midst of an increasingly integrated globalization of communication, the Internet has popularized and shrunk the world while blurring national boundaries with their sovereignty and social order. Technological advances have brought about rapid changes and frontier lifestyle changes in this globalization era. The ratification of the Electronic Information and Transaction Law and the Personal Data Protection Act are new guidelines in the midst of technological advances to support evidence in the procedural law of the State Administrative Court. The existence of State Administrative disputes has implications for the work of State Administrative courts to measure differences of opinion issued by State Administrative bodies or officials with the community when the public interest arises and decisions from the State Administrative agency or officials are deemed detrimental to the interests of the community. In the settlement of state administrative and criminal cases/cases, the judge must examine the evidence submitted by the parties before making a decision or seeking factual and formal truth. Proof is the most important part of the experiment. The purpose of this study is to determine the arrangement of the electronic evidentiary system and its legal force in the State Administrative Court. The research method used in this study is a normative juridical method, namely a legal research method that is carried out by examining library materials or mere secondary materials. The conclusion of this study is the legal force of electronic evidence in the procedural law of the State Administrative Court.
Diseño de infraestructura tecnológica para fortalecer la conectividad en el Malecón de Puerto Cayo
Authors: Calderón Parrales Andrés Patricio , Álava Cruzatty José Efraín
Published: July 2023

La infraestructura tecnológica es el conjunto de recursos físicos, hardware, software, servicios y herramientas que permiten a una organización o empresa operar y llevar a cabo sus procesos de manera eficiente y efectiva. Este trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo diseñar una infraestructura tecnológica para el fortalecimiento de la conectividad en el Malecón de Puerto Cayo, a través de la tecnología IRS (Superficie Reflectante Inteligente), que puede mejorar significativamente el rendimiento de las redes de comunicación inalámbricas, al reconfigurar de manera inteligente el entorno de propagación inalámbrica con el uso de elementos reflectantes pasivos masivos de bajo costo integrados en una superficie plana. Para ello se empleó una metodología de orden cuali-cuantitativo, bajo un diseño descriptivo de corte transversal. Los principales resultados evidencian que la superficie reflectante inteligente es capaz de mejorar significativamente la calidad de la señal inalámbrica alrededor de la superficie y puede utilizarse para mejorar la cobertura y la capacidad de las redes inalámbricas, especialmente en entornos urbanos y de alta densidad de usuarios como el Malecón. En conclusión, la implementación de la IRS en Puerto Cayo podría tener varios beneficios en términos de comunicaciones inalámbricas y eficiencia energética. Sin embargo, se debe tener en cuenta que la ejecución de esta tecnología puede ser costosa y puede requerir una inversión significativa en infraestructura y equipos, por lo que se necesitaría una evaluación cuidadosa de los costos y beneficios antes de tomar una decisión sobre su implantación.
What it might mean to live as peers of contemporary art
Authors: Yeung Yang
Published: July 2023

The population of Hong Kong has been significantly affected by outward migration since the mass pro-democracy movement in 2019. To make sense of nostalgia as a prominent sentiment around the phenomenon, I examine the work of artist and curator duo C&G Artpartment among those who had left. While I long for a Hong Kong with C&G being around, I find inspiration in their lexicon to rethink nostalgia.  C&G practices a peer activism committed to both local vernacular and global art talk. While nostalgia that is positive or negative is powered by colonizer and dominator narratives, my nostalgia for them, and for what their departure means for contemporary art in Hong Kong, is neither. It instead carries a pedagogical function. Their peer activism stays relevant in the long-run for admitting transition as an essential preparation for change.
Tomillo (Thymus vulgaris) como agente antimicrobiano en la producción de queso fresco
Authors: Mejía López Ana , Herrera Byron , Salazar Mario , Rojas Vallejo María Fernanda , Gavín Verónica , Escobar Machado José Antonio
Published: July 2023

Se evaluó el efecto de la utilización de las hojas de tomillo (Thymus vulgaris) en el desarrollo de Stafilococus aureus, microorganismo que está asociado con brotes de intoxicaciones alimentarias y que comúnmente se encuentra presente en queso fresco de tipo artesanal. Para ello se elaboró queso inoculando cepas de S. aureus ATCC 25923 previamente suspendida con una turbidez equivalente a la escala 0.5 de McFarland y se evaluó a través de un diseño completamente al azar con 3 repeticiones, donde los factores en estudio fueron 2 tipos de procesos (1) en hojas incorporadas en el queso, (2) en infusión en el agua de salado y 4 concentraciones (0, 1, 0,75 y 0,5%). Se determinaron las unidades formadores de colonias siguiendo la metodología oficial APHA en los días 1, 8, 15, y 30 después de su producción. Como resultado se obtuvo una reducción significativa de la carga microbiana en las placas experimentales (1 y 0,75% con tomillo) en comparación con las placas de control (0%) en el proceso 1, mientras que existió reducción para todas las concentraciones ensayadas cuando se adicionó el tomillo en infusión durante el salado del queso. Se concluye que a mayor concentración de Tomillo mayor el efecto inhibitorio sobre S.aureus y que podría utilizarse en la conservación de alimentos como principales compuestos antimicrobianos naturales a fin de asegurar la producción de alimentos microbiológicamente estable.
Violación de los Derechos Humanos de mujeres migrantes internacionales durante el trayecto migratorio: revisión sistematizada
Authors: Ortega de Mora Fabiola , Terrón-Caro Teresa
Published: July 2023

Ante la creciente feminización de las migraciones internacionales y la identidad propia que caracteriza los procesos migratorios desarrollados por mujeres, el objetivo del presente artículo es analizar las publicaciones que se han realizado desde 2016 hasta 2022 sobre la violación de los Derechos Humanos que sufren las mujeres durante el viaje migratorio internacional con la finalidad de visibilizar dicha realidad. Para ello se ha desarrollado una revisión sistematizada en cuatro bases de datos: Web Of Science, Scopus, ProQuest y ScienceDirect. Los resultados han demostrado la escasez de investigaciones que se han realizado en la materia, la constante violación de los Derechos Humanos que sufren las mujeres durante la migración y el cruce fronterizo, así como la falta de medidas adoptadas. Esto evidencia la necesidad de seguir investigando, especialmente desde un enfoque comparado e internacional, para plantear un sistema de gobernanza que asegure la consecución de los Derechos Humanos de las migrantes.
The effect of transaction costs of mobile credit on the financial prosperity of micro and small entrepreneurs in Nairobi County, Kenya
Authors: Kimari Anne , Ogada Agnes , Lio San
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this paper is to establish the effect of transaction costs of mobile credit on financial prosperity of MSEs. Financial prosperity looks at constructs of profitability, the leverage and liquidity. The study adopted a descriptive research design. The target population was 271,365 licensed MSEs as per the Nairobi City County Licensing Database as of  November 2020. The sample size was 400 MSEs. The results showed a negative and significant (P-value = 0.005) influence oftransaction costs of mobile credit on financial prosperity of micro entrepreneurs. Thus, an increase in transaction cost of mobile credit leads to a decline in financial prosperity for the MSEs.
“It’s in my blood. It’s in my spirit. It’s in my ancestry”: Identity and its impact on Wellness for Métis Women, Two-Spirit, and Gender Diverse People in Victoria, British Columbia
Authors: Auger Monique , Jones Carly , Monchalin Renée , Paul Willow
Published: July 2023

This article illustrates perspectives on Métis cultural identity, belonging, and positionality, within the context of wellness. As authors, we have the privilege of sharing stories from 24 Métis women, Two-Spirit, and gender diverse people—living or accessing services on the unceded territory of the Lək’wəŋən-speaking peoples (in so-called Victoria, British Columbia). Their stories illustrate personal and intergenerational journeys of reclaiming Métis identity, while also highlighting the importance of culture, community, family, land, and location. As Métis researchers conducting Métis-specific research, we also share our own positionalities and reflect on our responsibilities to community and to the original caretakers of the land.
Screening for Lipid Disorders in Children and Adolescents
Authors:   US Preventive Services Task Force, Barry Michael J. , Nicholson Wanda K. , Silverstein Michael , Chelmow David , Coker Tumaini Rucker , Davis Esa M. , Donahue Katrina E. , Jaén Carlos Roberto , Li Li , Ogedegbe Gbenga , Rao Goutham , Ruiz John M. , Stevermer James , Tsevat Joel , Underwood Sandra Millon
Published: July 2023

Importance

Familial hypercholesterolemia and multifactorial dyslipidemia are 2 conditions that cause abnormally high lipid levels in children, which can lead to premature cardiovascular events (eg, myocardial infarction and stroke) and death in adulthood.

Objective

The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review to evaluate the benefits and harms of screening for lipid disorders in asymptomatic children and adolescents.

Population

Asymptomatic children and adolescents 20 years or younger without a known diagnosis of a lipid disorder.

Evidence Assessment

The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient and the balance of benefits and harms for screening for lipid disorders in asymptomatic children and adolescents 20 years or younger cannot be determined.

Recommendation

The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for lipid disorders in children and adolescents 20 years or younger. (I statement)
An In Vivo Self‐Assembled Bispecific Nanoblocker for Enhancing Tumor Immunotherapy
Authors: Hu Xing‐Jie , Zhang Ni‐Yuan , Hou Da‐Yong , Wang Zhi‐Jia , Wang Man‐Di , Yi Li , Song Zhang‐Zhi , Liang Jian‐Xiao , Li Xiang‐Peng , An Hong‐Wei , Xu Wanhai , Wang Hao
Published: July 2023

Anti‐PD‐L1 monoclonal antibody has achieved substantial success in tumor immunotherapy by T‐cells activation. However, the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix components induced by unsatisfactory T‐cells infiltration and poor tumor penetration of antibodies make it challenging to realize efficient tumor immunotherapy. Herein, a peptide‐based bispecific nanoblocker (BNB) strategy is reported for in situ construction of CXCR4/PD‐L1 targeted nanoclusters on the surface of tumor cells that are capable of boosting T‐cells infiltration through CXCR4 blockage and enhancing T‐cells activation by PD‐L1 occupancy, ultimately realizing high‐performance tumor immunotherapy. Briefly, the BNB strategy selectively recognizes and bonds CXCR4/PD‐L1 with deep tumor penetration, which rapidly self‐assembles into nanoclusters on the surface of tumor cells. Compared to the traditional bispecific antibody, BNB exhibits an intriguing metabolic behavior, that is, the elimination half‐life (t1/2) of BNB in the tumor is 69.3 h which is ≈50 times longer than that in the plasma (1.4 h). The higher tumor accumulation and rapid systemic clearance overcome potential systemic side effects. Moreover, the solid tumor stress generated by excessive extracellular matrix components is substantially reduced to 44%, which promotes T‐cells infiltration and activation for immunotherapy efficacy. Finally, these findings substantially strengthen and extend clinical applications of PD‐1/PD‐L1 immunotherapy.
Peptide‐Appended Nanosonosensitizers Targeting Tumor Glycolysis for Synergistic Sonodynamic–Immunometabolic Therapy of Spinal‐Metastasized Tumors
Authors: Chen Zhiyang , Chen Liang , Ma Yiqun , Liu Yuyi , Zhang Qianyi , Qin Hao , Chen Yu , Tian Bo , Dong Jian
Published: July 2023

Despite recent advancements in cancer immunotherapy, challenges have yet to be surmounted to achieve two major goals of magnifying antitumor immunity and remodeling the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Here, a nanosystem (ODM‐R) that integrates oxygen‐deficient molybdenum oxide (ODM) nanosonosensitizers and R7 peptides with tumor metabolism regulation effects is designed and fabricated for synergistic sonodynamic–immunometabolic therapy of spinal‐metastasized tumors. The ODM generates reactive oxygen species upon ultrasound irradiation to implement sonodynamic therapy (SDT), inducing cancer cell apoptosis and immunogenic cell death. The R7 attached on ODM markedly inhibits the uptake of glucose and excretion of lactic acid in cancer cells by perturbing the glycolysis process. The combination of SDT and tumor glycolysis obstruction by ODM‐R guarantees satisfactory efficacy in synergizing with PD‐L1 antibody to eradicate spinal‐metastasized tumors, achieving concurrent sonodynamic‐triggered immune activation and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment remodeling. This work provides a proof‐of‐concept of nanosonosensitizers for boosting cancer immunotherapy by SDT and tumor metabolic regulation.
Visible‐Light‐Promoted Aliphatic C−H Chlorination and Bromination Using Haloform as the Halogen Donor and Azidobenziodoxole as the Mediator
Authors: He Qin , Cao Zehui , Zhang Yangyang , Chen Gong , Wang Yaxin
Published: July 2023

An azidobenziodoxole (BIN3)‐mediated tunable radical reaction system for selective chlorination and bromination of tertiary and secondary C(sp3)−H bonds of alkyl substrates using haloform as the halogen donor was developed. Reactions of various substrates with BIN3under visible light irradiation without any photo or metal catalysts gave C−H chlorinated or brominated products. These reactions are selective, and compatible with many functional groups. Mechanistic studies suggest that haloform serves as the halogen atom donor and HN3generatedin situfrom the reaction of BIN3and water relays the radical chain reaction as the hydrogen atom donor. HN3reacts with CHX2⋅ to form CH2X2and N3⋅, which propagates a radical chain by abstracting a hydrogen atom of the alkane substrate.
Nonprecious High‐Entropy Chalcogenide Glasses‐Based Electrocatalysts for Efficient and Stable Acidic Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis
Authors: Jo Seunghwan , Kim Min‐Cheol , Lee Keon Beom , Choi Hyeonggeun , Zhang Liting , Sohn Jung Inn
Published: July 2023

Here,nonprecious high‐entropy chalcogenide glasses (N‐HECGs) consisting of Co, Fe, Ni, Mo, W, and Te are demonstrated in a first demonstration of acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). N‐HECGs electrocatalysts with high activity and stability are synthesized using a hierarchical hybrid approach based on a combination of electrochemical deposition and tellurization process. The as‐prepared CoFeNiMoWTe N‐HECGs electrocatalysts exhibit an amorphous, porous structure of arrayed nanosheets with abundant active sites and the increased valence states of metal cations due to the incorporated non‐metallic Te, enabling the enhancement of glass forming ability and the valence states of metal elements. Thanks to the combination of their unique geometrical and chemical structure, as well as high configuration entropy nature and high corrosion‐resistance ability, the resultant CoFeNiMoWTe N‐HECGs exhibit excellent acidic OER catalytic performance with a superior overpotential of 373 mV and outstanding stability of 100 h at the current density of 10 mA cm−2 in 0.5 m H2SO4. Moreover, the CoFeNiMoWTe‐based proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer is demonstrated to require a cell voltage of 1.81 V at 70 °C to obtain the practically high current density of 1 A cm−2, and exhibits remarkably long‐term stability for 100 h with small potential degradation of only 30 mV.
Predictive factors of return‐to‐work trajectory after work‐related rotator cuff syndrome: A prospective study of 96 workers
Authors: Pichené‐Houard Anne , Sirveaux François , Clerc‐Urmès Isabelle , Paris Nicolas , Michel Blaise , Jacquot Adrien , Martinet Noël , Claudon Laurent , Paysant Jean , Wild Pascal
Published: July 2023

Objective

Sustained return to work after surgery for work‐related rotator cuff syndrome (WRRCS) remains quite difficult. The main purpose of the present study was to identify predictive factors of a return‐to‐work (RTW) trajectory.

Methods

A total of 96 workers with WRRCS were identified by 4 surgeons. They were followed prospectively before and after the surgery, until 1 year after RTW, or for 20 months after surgery when they did not. Participants completed a series of standardized questionnaires related to working conditions, health, and beliefs, and performed functional tests at the inclusion time. During the follow‐up period, they were regularly asked about their working conditions (present or not at work), activity (normal or lightened physical duties) and schedules (full‐ or part‐time job). Statistical analysis was based on single‐ and multiple‐factor models of prediction of the workers' trajectory.

Results

Three trajectories of RTW were distinguished, considering RTW and absenteeism that occurred during the follow‐up: stable, unstable, and non‐RTW. The median age of the sample was 49.5 [45.0–54.0], with 67.7% of workers employed in highly physically demanding jobs. In the multiple factor model, three factors were highly predictive of the trajectory: perceived health before surgery, having had a repaired ruptured‐rotator‐cuff tendinopathy, and the level of physical demand of the job.

Conclusion

Three easy‐to‐collect predictive factors of RTW trajectory have been identified. They may be useful for healthcare professionals and care givers to identify vulnerable workers' risk of occupational dropout after arthroscopic surgery for rotator cuff tendinopathy.
A phosphorus/silicon‐containing flame retardant based on eugenol for improving flame retardancy and smoke suppression of epoxy resin
Authors: Li Xiaohan , Xie Qiunan , Lin Jieying , Huang Jiateng , Xie Kaili , Liu Jingcheng , Li Xiaojie , Wei Wei
Published: July 2023

Epoxy resin (EP) has excellent comprehensive properties, but its inherent flammability limits its further application in high‐end industries. The present study focuses on the preparation of an efficient phosphorus/silicon‐containing flame retardant for improving the flame retardancy and smoke suppression of EP. The intermediate product ED was first obtained by the addition reaction of 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide (DOPO) with eugenol, and then the target flame retardant DPSi‐ED was synthesized by the Williamson etherification reaction between ED and dichlorodiphenylsilane. The flame retardant was further incorporated into EP/4,4′‐diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM) system to prepare the modified epoxy thermosets. The flame‐retardant performance and mechanism were investigated by limiting oxygen index (LOI) test, vertical combustion test, cone calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis‐infrared spectroscopy (TG‐IR), and so forth. At the same phosphorus content (0.5 wt%), EP/DPSi‐ED thermosets exhibited superior flame‐retardant properties to EP/ED thermosets. Moreover, EP/DPSi‐ED7 achieved a LOI of 35.3% and V‐0 rating in UL‐94 testing, and compared to EP/ED7, its peak heat release rate (pHRR) and total smoke production (TSP) were reduced by 31.5% and 10.9%, respectively. The phosphorus and silicon elements synergistically contributed to the formation of a stable char layer, which acted as a physical barrier to effectively enhance the flame‐retardant properties of the thermosets. Meanwhile, the incorporation of DPSi‐ED containing flexible SiO bonds and rigid DOPO groups to some extent also improved the mechanical properties of the cured EP. Hence, this study provides an effective strategy for the preparation of bio‐based phosphorus/silica‐containing high‐efficiency and smoke‐suppressing flame retardants.
Stepwise Functionalization of Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes with Subsequent Molecular Conversion to Control Photoluminescence Properties
Authors: Konno Yui , Yamada Michio , Suzuki Mitsuaki , Maeda Yutaka
Published: July 2023

Functionalization of single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) has attracted interest because it alters the near‐infrared (NIR) photoluminescence (PL) wavelength and emission efficiency. These modifications depend on the binding configuration and degree of functionalization. Excessive functionalization reduces the emission efficiency as the integrity of the conjugated π system decreases; thus, controlling the degree of functionalization is essential. Because the binding configurations and degree of functionalization are affected by the reagent structure, a stepwise approach combining SWCNTs functionalization and subsequent reactions to introduce functional groups into the addenda could effectively control their PL properties and functionalities. We studied this approach by implementing the reductive alkylation of SWCNTs by using bromoalkanes with t‐butyl carbamate (Boc)‐protected amino groups and subsequent deprotection and amidation reactions. The reaction products were analyzed based on absorption, PL, and Raman spectroscopy and the Kaiser test. Depending on the structure of the reagent, deprotection and amidation reactions competed with the elimination reaction of addenda, altering the PL properties of the SWCNTs. Furthermore, the elimination reaction was inhibited in the adducts functionalized using dibromoalkane with Boc‐protected amino groups, demonstrating that the use of appropriate reagents enables the molecular conversion of the functional groups of SWCNT adducts without affecting their PL properties.
Gold(I)‐N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Synthons in Organometallic Synthesis
Authors: Scattolin Thomas , Tonon Giovanni , Botter Eleonora , Guillet Sebastien G. , Tzouras Nikolaos V. , Nolan Steven P.
Published: July 2023

The prominent role of gold‐N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes in numerous research areas such as homogeneous (photo)catalysis, medicinal chemistry and materials science has prompted organometallic chemists to design gold‐based synthons that permit access to target complexes through simple synthetic steps under mild conditions. In this review, the main gold‐NHC synthons employed in organometallic synthesis are discussed. Mechanistic aspects involved in their synthesis and reactivity as well as applications of gold‐NHC synthons as efficient pre‐catalysts, antitumor agents and/or photo‐emissive materials are presented.
Changing with the times: Seasonal environmental gradients unveil dynamic bat assemblages and vulnerability
Authors: Raposeira Helena , Horta Pedro , Heleno Ruben , Rebelo Hugo
Published: July 2023

Uncovering the temporal and spatial dynamics of biological communities in response to biotic and abiotic drivers is essential to predict the effects of environmental change on biodiversity. Similarly, estimating species vulnerability in the face of such dynamics is crucial for implementing effective conservation actions. We explored how bat diversity changes over the year across an altitudinal gradient and identified the environmental drivers that shape bat communities. By analysing species' marginality within the biophysical niche space, we evaluated bats' vulnerability to foreseeable environmental changes. Our results suggest that altitude, the proportion of forest cover and shrub cover are the main drivers shaping bat communities year‐round. Additionally, while some bat species are restricted to a single ecological assemblage (or ecological preferences group), others show greater plasticity throughout the year. Importantly, we found that although bats associated with highland habitats and forests could be particularly vulnerable to environmental changes (in particular Myotis mystacinus), this vulnerability correlates poorly with their national conservation status. We suggest that species' ecological plasticity is critical for the resilience of biological communities exposed to environmental changes and should be considered when planning tailored conservation strategies.
Diversity, phylogeny, and bathymetric zonation of Sirsoe (Annelida: Hesionidae) from colonization experiments in the South China Sea, with the description of three new species
Authors: Zhou Yadong , Han Yuru , Xie Wei , Li Mingting , Wang Zhi , Zhang Dongsheng
Published: July 2023

The South China Sea (SCS) basin is hypothesized to host distinct and bathymetrically differentiated fauna due to its semi‐enclosed basin and three‐layer circulation system. To test this hypothesis, three cow falls are artificially deployed at separate depths (655, 1604, and 3402 m) on Zhongnan seamount in the middle SCS, and the associated worms, Sirsoe spp. are selected as targets to explore their diversity, phylogeny, and zonation pattern. Analyses of collected specimens reveal three new Sirsoe species, which were then nominally described and named as S. polita sp. nov. (655 m), S. nanhaiensis sp. nov. (1604 and 3402 m), and S. feitiana sp. nov. (3402 m), and one known species (S. balaenophila lineage II). Metabarcoding analyses on cow‐fall sediments reveal seven additional Operated Taxonomic Units (OTUs) assigned to Sirsoe, increasing the Sirsoe diversity to 10 species/OTUs in the middle SCS. Their distribution along depth shows increasing diversity toward the deeper sites. Phylogenetic inferences recover S. polita closely related to S. alucia from the Southwest Atlantic, forming a lineage deeply divergent from others. The nine deep‐water species/OTUs are scattered in three distinct lineages showing closer phylogenetic relationships between 1604‐ and 3402‐m counterparts. The lineage formed by S. naihaiensis and S. feitiana is distinct from other non‐SCS congeners both morphologically and genetically. These results suggest multiple independent invasions of Sirsoe to the SCS, a new lineage potentially endemic to the SCS, and a strong zonation pattern related to depth, especially between the shallow (655 m) and the deep (1604 and 3402 m) sites. The semi‐enclosed feature combined with the physical structure of the SCS may contribute to such a pattern. This work is registered in ZooBank under: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:317771C8‐42D717‐4765‐A168‐B3BE99B09FBF.
Regional variation in climate change alters the range‐wide distribution of colour polymorphism in a wild bird
Authors: Koskenpato Katja , Lehikoinen Aleksi , Morosinotto Chiara , Gunko Ruslan , Karell Patrik
Published: July 2023

According to Gloger's rule, animal colouration is expected to be darker in wetter and warmer climates. Such environmental clines are predicted to occur in colour polymorphic species and to be shaped by selection if colour morphs represent adaptations to different environments. We studied if the distribution of the colour polymorphic tawny owl (Strix aluco) morphs (a pheomelanic brown and a pale grey) across Europe follow the predictions of Gloger's rule and if there is a temporal change in the geographical patterns corresponding to regional variations in climate change. We used data on tawny owl museum skin specimen collections. First, we investigated long‐term spatiotemporal variation in the probability of observing the colour morphs in different climate zones. Second, we studied if the probability of observing the colour morphs was associated with general climatic conditions. Third, we studied if weather fluctuations prior to the finding year of an owl explain colour morph in each climate zone. The brown tawny owl morph was historically more common than the grey morph in every studied climate zone. Over time, the brown morph has become rarer in the temperate and Mediterranean zone, whereas it has first become rarer but then again more common in the boreal zone. Based on general climatic conditions, winter and summer temperatures were positively and negatively associated with the proportion of brown morph, respectively. Winter precipitation was negatively associated with the proportion of brown morph. The effects of 5‐year means of weather on the probability to observe a brown morph differed between climate zones, indicating region‐dependent effect of climate change and weather on tawny owl colouration. To conclude, tawny owl colouration does not explicitly follow Gloger's rule, implying a time and space‐dependent complex system shaped by many factors. We provide novel insights into how the geographic distribution of pheomelanin‐based colour polymorphism is changing.
Application of Bernoulli wavelet method on triple‐diffusive convection in Jeffery–Hamel flow
Authors: Raghunatha K. R. , Vinod Y. , Manjunatha B. V.
Published: July 2023

In this article, triple‐diffusive convection in the Jeffery–Hamel flow of viscous fluid is studied. The Jeffery–Hamel flow depends upon the radial component of velocity, while the peripheral velocity is zero. The problem has been articulated as nonlinear coupled partial differential equations (PDEs) together with the pertinent boundary conditions. The reduction of the nonlinear coupled PDEs into new nonlinear coupled ordinary differential equations is achieved via a collection of appropriate transformations, which is solved using the Bernoulli wavelet method. The obtained results were compared with the numerical results, confirming the good agreement between the present and previous numerical results. Dimensionless velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles are discussed for the relevant factors involved. Furthermore, skin friction, heat transfer, and solute diffusions are calculated.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of a Digital Engineering Tool in a Project Engineering Company
Authors: Vatle Thomas Saraby , Zhao YangYang , Falk Kristin
Published: July 2023

The research for this paper focused on the evaluation of digital engineering tools that aid industrial engineering processes. The paper aims to investigate how to evaluate the effectiveness of such a tool to provide insight into how it fits the needs of a project engineering company. The research carried out a case study in a Norwegian subsidiary of a worldwide consulting and project engineering company. The company had previously implemented the digital engineering tool SmartPlant for information management, engineering drawings, interdisciplinary collaboration, and data exchange. The focus of the industry case study was to customize and use an evaluation method in practice on SmartPlant. The research used an evaluation method based on quality characteristics from the ISO/IEC 25010:2011 standard. We collected qualitative data on the digital engineering tools' usage in practice from semi‐structured interviews and a survey. In addition to this, we investigated the appropriate analysis methods for survey results, such as mean value vs. net promoter score. The research concluded that the evaluation method provided the company with valuable insight into the tool's benefits and drawbacks.
The Soft Skills Challenge: The left brain's search for its other half
Authors: Scott Zane
Published: July 2023

There is an accelerating need for soft skills in the 21st‐century workplace. The need currently exceeds the level of those skills present in the workforce creating a recognized gap in soft skills. Despite the acknowledgment by industry and educators of the importance of soft skills and the gap, the structural causes of soft skill deficiencies persist. From negative attitudes about soft skills to the exclusion of their development from educational and industrial training programs, they are being neglected at the same time their importance to workplace success is climbing. This paper examines the soft skills gap, its causes, and some potential solutions for its remediation.
Leveraging the Systems Engineering Life Cycle Process for Reverse Engineering
Authors: Daily Jeremy , Eddy Amy
Published: July 2023

Systems kept in service for extended periods may experience issues caused by changes to the original requirements. This can manifest as parts obsolescence issues caused by changes in mission scope, industry regulations, or technology used to support the system. This paper discusses best practices for using a systems engineering life cycle methodology to support reverse engineering processes in structural‐mechanical aerospace/defense products. The concepts herein compare systems engineering methodologies to determine the best approach to identify changes in system requirements in the modern environment. The availability of operational data to inform the process is explored through three case studies of legacy components with requirements changes. Systems engineers that reverse engineer by beginning with existing requirements will fail to resolve complications that contributed to the original issue. Reverse engineering of aging subsystems and components to resolve a parts obsolescence issue warrants a full systems engineering approach beginning with requirements review.