bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimation of control area in badminton doubles with pose information from top and back view drone videos
Authors: Ding Ning , Takeda Kazuya , Jin Wenhui , Bei Yingjiu , Fujii Keisuke
Published: August 2023

The application of visual tracking to the performance analysis of sports players in dynamic competitions is vital for effective coaching. In doubles matches, coordinated positioning is crucial for maintaining control of the court and minimizing opponents’ scoring opportunities. The analysis of such teamwork plays a vital role in understanding the dynamics of the game. However, previous studies have primarily focused on analyzing and assessing singles players without considering occlusion in broadcast videos. These studies have relied on discrete representations, which involve the analysis and representation of specific actions (e.g., strokes) or events that occur during the game while overlooking the meaningful spatial distribution. In this work, we present the first annotated drone dataset from top and back views in badminton doubles and propose a framework to estimate the control area probability map, which can be used to evaluate teamwork performance. We present an efficient framework of deep neural networks that enables the calculation of full probability surfaces. This framework utilizes the embedding of a Gaussian mixture map of players’ positions and employs graph convolution on their poses. In the experiment, we verify our approach by comparing various baselines and discovering the correlations between the score and control area. Additionally, we propose a practical application for assessing optimal positioning to provide instructions during a game. Our approach offers both visual and quantitative evaluations of players’ movements, thereby providing valuable insights into doubles teamwork. The dataset and related project code is available at https://github.com/Ning-D/Drone_BD_ControlArea
Old Firms and New Export Flows: Does Experience Increase Survival?
Authors: Lawless Martina , Studnicka Zuzanna
Published: August 2023

In this paper we present new empirical evidence on the relationship between exporting experience and the duration of exports at the firm-product-destination level. We find that the direct effect of experience on export flow survival is negative. However, when we include interactions between experience and firm export diversification measures, this effect becomes positive. This suggests that more experienced firms launch more risky export flows which increases the probability of failure of any individual product-destination pairing.
Measuring organizational play in small businesses
Authors: Mukerjee Jinia , Thurik Roy , Torrès Olivier , Wismans Annelot
Published: August 2023

Although traditionally seen as antinomic to work, play has always existed in work organizations. Recently, as organizations increasingly and openly embrace play, research indicates the positive effects of play, such as on employees’ well-being, attitude to work, and creativity. However, the difficulty in conceptualizing the different types of play in organizations and the absence of measurement tools have hindered large-scale study of play. In the present paper, we develop two measurement scales for two types of organizational play—diversionary and serious play. We use two datasets of French small businesses to develop and test the scales. We pre-test our initial set of items in a first dataset (N = 78). We perform correlation, reliability, and exploratory factor analyses on a second dataset (N = 278) using the items adjusted after the pre-test. Our final scales consist of ten items for diversionary play and seven for serious play. We assess construct validity by selecting a range of constructs pertaining to organizational members’ attitude and perception, as well as to the characteristics of the organization. Our measurement scales demonstrate good reliability and validity. The scales developed in the present study aim to contribute to the literature on play at workplace, the changing nature of modern work and research in entrepreneurial health.
Estimation of the Deformation Gradient Tensor by Particle Tracking Near a Free Boundary with Quantified Error
Authors: Benkley T. , Li C. , Kolinski J.
Published: August 2023

Background

Obtaining accurate displacement measurements for large material deformation and/or rotation presents a distinct challenge to digital image correlation (DIC) due to cumulative and decorrelation errors, particularly near material boundaries.

Objective

We aim to accurately measure the deformation gradient tensor near boundary discontinuities in situations of large deformation and large deformation gradients.

Methods

To achieve this goal, the locations of randomly distributed particles are tracked using an open-source particle-tracking software, Trackpy. A least-squares estimate of the deformation gradient tensor field uses nearest-neighbor material vectors and a first-order Finite Difference (FD) approximation, circumventing common errors in other methods. The error caused by FD approximation and that incurred by measurement are derived and tested with exhaustive numerical simulations. Furthermore, a uniaxial tensile test and mode-I fracture experiment are conducted with particle-embedded hydrogels to validate the method.

Results

Numerical results corroborate a theoretical expression of measurement error. They show that the FD error increases while the measurement error decreases for a growing estimating radius. Moreover, measurement error is linearly correlated to displacement noise. A benchmark uniaxial tensile test validates the accuracy of the proposed estimator, and the near-crack-tip measurements in a tensile fracture experiment demonstrate the estimator’s capabilities near a free surface, when a material undergoes large deformation and rotation. The results of the displacement and strain data are benchmarked against kinematic data obtained using an open-source DIC software, Ncorr. Computation time for both methods is compared.

Conclusions

A deformation gradient tensor estimator is developed based on a particle tracking technique and a least squares routine. Theoretical error bounds on the estimator are verified by numerical simulations, and the method’s capability is confirmed by physical experiments in evaluating large deformation and rotation near a free boundary. The proposed estimator is expected to open a door towards future material tests and experimental mechanics studies, especially in large deformation and large rotation scenarios.
Neurotoxicity in complex environmental mixtures—a case-study at River Danube in Novi Sad (Serbia) using zebrafish embryos
Authors: Massei Riccardo , Brack Werner , Seidensticker Sven , Hollert Henner , Muz Melis , Schulze Tobias , Krauss Martin , Küster Eberhard
Published: August 2023

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors are an important class of neuroactive chemicals that are often detected in aquatic and terrestrial environments. The correct functionality of the AChE enzyme is linked to many important physiological processes such as locomotion and respiration. Consequently, it is necessary to develop new analytical strategies to identify harmful AChE inhibitors in the environment. It has been shown that mixture effects and oxidative stress may jeopardize the application of in vivo assays for the identification of AChE inhibitors in the environment. To confirm that in vivo AChE assays can be successfully applied when dealing with complex mixtures, an extract from river water impacted by non-treated wastewater was bio-tested using the acute toxicity fish embryo test (FET) and AChE inhibition assay with zebrafish. The zebrafish FET showed high sensitivity for the extract (LC10 = relative extraction factor 2.8) and we observed a significant inhibition of the AChE (40%, p < 0.01) after 4-day exposure. Furthermore, the extract was chromatographically fractionated into a total of 26 fractions to dilute the mixture effect and separate compounds according to their physico-chemical properties. As expected, non-specific acute effects (i.e., mortality) disappeared or evenly spread among the fractions, while AChE inhibition was still detected in five fractions. Chemical analysis did not detect any known AChE inhibitors in these active fractions. These results confirm that the AChE assay with Danio rerio can be applied for the detection of neuroactive effects induced in complex environmental samples, but also, they highlight the need to increase analytical and identification techniques for the detection of neurotoxic substances.
Expert consensus to optimize the management of older adult patients with advanced EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Nadal Ernest , Oré-Arce Martín , Remon Jordi , Bernabé-Caro Reyes , Covela-Rúa Marta , de Castro-Carpeño Javier , Massutí-Sureda Bartomeu , Guillot-Morales Mónica , Majem Margarita , Maestu-Maiques Inmaculada , Morilla-Ruíz Idoia , Gironés Regina
Published: August 2023

Lung cancer (LC) is associated with ageing, with the average age of affected individuals being approximately 70 years. However, despite a higher incidence and prevalence among older people, the older adult population is underrepresented in clinical trials. For LC with Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) mutations, there is no clear association of this mutation with age. Geriatric assessments (GAs) and a multidisciplinary approach are essential for defining the optimal treatment. In this consensus, a group of experts selected from the Oncogeriatrics Section of the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (Sección de Oncogeriatría de la Sociedad Española de Oncología Médica—SEOM), the Spanish Lung Cancer Group (Grupo Español de Cáncer de Pulmón—GECP) and the Association for Research on Lung Cancer in Women (Asociación para la Investigación del Cáncer de Pulmón en Mujeres—ICAPEM) evaluate the scientific evidence currently available and propose a series of recommendations to optimize the management of older adult patients with advanced LC with EGFR mutations.
A Study of Biharmonic Equation Involving Nonlocal Terms and Critical Sobolev Exponent
Authors: Singh Gurpreet
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we investigate the existence of ground state solutions and non-existence of non-trivial weak solution of the equation $$\begin{aligned} \Delta ^{2} u= \Big (|x|^{-\theta }*|u|^{p_{\theta }}\Big )|u|^{p_{\theta }-2}u +\alpha \Big (|x|^{-\gamma }*|u|^{p}\Big )|u|^{p-2}u \quad \text{ in } {{\mathbb {R}}}^{N}, \end{aligned}$$

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. Firstly, we prove the non-existence by establishing Pohozaev type of identity. Next, we study the existence of ground state solutions by using the minimization method on the associated Nehari manifold.
Endothelial NOX5 overexpression induces changes in the cardiac gene profile: potential impact in myocardial infarction?
Authors: Cortés Adriana , Marqués Javier , Pejenaute Álvaro , Ainzúa Elena , Ansorena Eduardo , Abizanda Gloria , Prósper Felipe , de Miguel Carlos , Zalba Guillermo
Published: August 2023

Cardiovascular diseases and the ischemic heart disease specifically constitute the main cause of death worldwide. The ischemic heart disease may lead to myocardial infarction, which in turn triggers numerous mechanisms and pathways involved in cardiac repair and remodeling. Our goal in the present study was to characterize the effect of the NADPH oxidase 5 (NOX5) endothelial expression in healthy and infarcted knock-in mice on diverse signaling pathways. The mechanisms studied in the heart of mice were the redox pathway, metalloproteinases and collagen pathway, signaling factors such as NFκB, AKT or Bcl-2, and adhesion molecules among others. Recent studies support that NOX5 expression in animal models can modify the environment and predisposes organ response to harmful stimuli prior to pathological processes. We found many alterations in the mRNA expression of components involved in cardiac fibrosis as collagen type I or TGF-β and in key players of cardiac apoptosis such as AKT, Bcl-2, or p53. In the heart of NOX5-expressing mice after chronic myocardial infarction, gene alterations were predominant in the redox pathway (NOX2, NOX4, p22phox, or SOD1), but we also found alterations in VCAM-1 and β-MHC expression. Our results suggest that NOX5 endothelial expression in mice preconditions the heart, and we propose that NOX5 has a cardioprotective role. The correlation studies performed between echocardiographic parameters and cardiac mRNA expression supported NOX5 protective action.
Packing of non-blocking cubes into the unit cube
Authors: Januszewski Janusz , Zielonka Łukasz
Published: August 2023

Any collection of non-blocking cubes, whose total volume does not exceed 1/3, can be packed into the unit cube.
Nasal Valve Management: The Case to Move Away from Grafts to Tensioning
Authors: Best Corliss Ann Elizabeth , Wong Brian Jet-Fei
Published: August 2023

Purpose of Review

The aim of this analysis is to provide a synopsis of the surgical methods utilized to treat nasal valve collapse resulting in airway obstruction, and to evaluate and contrast lateral crural strut grafts (LCSG) and lateral crural tensioning (LCT).

Recent Findings

Lateral crural strut grafting is a major technique used to treat external nasal valve collapse. However, in recent years, lateral crural tensioning combined with articulated alar rim grafts (AARG) has become popular. A study comparing LCT-AARG to LCSG demonstrated a greater reduction in total nasal airway resistance, as measured by rhinomanometry.

While LCSG creates a rigid structure, it may require a fair amount of cartilage and has the potential to crowd the airway. In contrast, LCT-AARG can achieve the same improvement in airway however consumes less cartilage, is less likely to crowd the airway, is preferential in narrow noses, and has the additional aesthetic benefits associated with rim grafting.
How to Build and How not to Build an Implicit Measure in Behavior Analysis: A case Study Using the Function Acquisition Speed Test
Authors: Watters Aideen , Cummins Jamie , Roche Bryan
Published: August 2023

This article provides a comprehensive overview of the development of a behavior-analytic alternative to the popular implicit association test (IAT), namely, the function acquisition speed test (FAST). The IAT appears, prima facia, to indirectly assess participants’ learning histories with regard to the categorization of stimuli. However, its origin within cognitive psychology has rendered it replete with mentalism, conceptual ambiguity, statistical arbitrariness, and confounding procedural artifacts. The most popular behavioral alternative to the IAT, the widely used implicit relational assessment procedure (IRAP), has inherited many of these concerning artifacts. In this article, we present a behavior-analytic critique of both the IAT and IRAP, and argue that a behavior-analytic approach to implicit measures must have stimulus control front and center in its analysis. We then outline a series of early research studies that provided the basis for a potentially superior procedure within our field. We go on to outline how this early research was harnessed in stepwise research, guided by a strict adherence to traditional behavior-analytic methods for the analysis of stimulus relations, to increasingly modify a test format fit for the behavior analyst interested in assessing stimulus relatedness.
Psychotherapeutische Sprechstunde am Arbeitsplatz: Bedarfsanalyse sowie Determinanten zur Nutzungsabsicht
Authors: Kohl Fiona , Müting Gesine , Reineke Franca , Schmook Renate , Angerer Peter
Published: August 2023

Hintergrund

Die psychotherapeutische Sprechstunde am Arbeitsplatz (PT-A) wurde entwickelt, um die hohen Wartezeiten in der Regelversorgung zu überbrücken und psychisch beanspruchten Beschäftigten eine niedrigschwellige und kurzfristige Unterstützung anzubieten. Bisher nehmen jedoch nur 1–2 % der Beschäftigten jährlich dieses Angebot wahr. Ziel dieser Studie war es daher, die Wünsche, den Bedarf und die Determinanten zur Nutzungsabsicht der PT‑A zu ermitteln.

Methodik

Die Querschnittstudie wurde in einem deutschen Betrieb mit 785 Beschäftigten durchgeführt, in dem bereits eine PT‑A implementiert ist. Insgesamt 143 Beschäftigte beantworteten online Fragen zu verschiedenen Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten, dem Bedarf sowie Nutzungsabsicht einer PT‑A. Mithilfe von multiplen linearen Regressionsmodellen wurden persönliche und arbeitsbezogene Faktoren als Determinanten zur Nutzungsabsicht (1) allgemein in einer psychisch belastenden Situation, für (2) berufliche und (3) private Belastungen ermittelt.

Ergebnisse

Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass rund 90 % der Teilnehmenden eine PT‑A in einer psychisch belastenden Situation allgemein sowie speziell für berufliche Belastungen in Anspruch nehmen würden. Insbesondere die Durchführung als persönliches Einzelgespräch mit einer Diagnostik und Weitervermittlung psychotherapeutischer Unterstützung wurde gewünscht. Der Bedarf an psychotherapeutischer Behandlung im Rahmen der PT‑A war vergleichsweise geringer. Höheres Alter sowie höhere berufliche Anstrengung waren mit einer höheren Nutzungsabsicht im Allgemeinen verbunden. Weibliches Geschlecht und höhere depressive Symptome waren mit einer höheren Nutzungsabsicht für private Belastungen assoziiert. Für berufliche Belastungen konnten keine Zusammenhänge festgestellt werden.

Schlussfolgerung

Die Ergebnisse konnten nicht belegen, warum die Inanspruchnahme der PT‑A im Betrieb vergleichsweise gering ist. Zukünftige Studien sollten weitere Aspekte in Betracht ziehen, die mit der Nutzungsabsicht oder der tatsächlichen Nutzung der PT‑A zusammenhängen könnten. Für die praktische Umsetzung wird eine zielgruppenspezifische Bewerbung der PT‑A empfohlen.
A deep learning model for steel surface defect detection
Authors: Li Zhaoguo , Wei Xiumei , Hassaballah M. , Li Yihong , Jiang Xuesong
Published: August 2023

Industrial defect detection is a hot topic in the field of computer vision. It is a challenging task due to complex features and many categories of industrial defects. In this paper, a deep learning model based on the multiscale feature extraction module is introduced for steel surface defect detection. The main focus on the feature extraction capability of the model and feature fusion capability to improve the accuracy of the model for steel surface defect detection. First, to improve the feature extraction ability of the model, a multiscale feature extraction (MSFE) module is introduced. The MSFE module can effectively extract multiscale features through three branches that have different convolution kernel sizes. Second, an efficient feature fusion (EFF) module is proposed to optimize feature fusion by adding features from the backbone network to the neck network. Third, this paper puts forward a new Bottleneck module by reducing the normalization layer and activation function in the original Bottleneck module. Finally, the backbone network is deepened to further enhance the feature extraction ability of the model. Extensive experiments are conducted on the public NEU-DET dataset. The experimental results validate the effectiveness of the designed modules and the proposed model. Compared with other state-of-the-art methods, the proposed model achieves optimal accuracy(73.08% mAP@0.5) while maintaining a small number of parameters.
Swift Assembly of Adaptive Thermocell Arrays for Device-Level Healable and Energy-Autonomous Motion Sensors
Authors: Lu Xin , Xie Daibin , Zhu Kaihua , Wei Shouhao , Mo Ziwei , Du Chunyu , Liang Lirong , Chen Guangming , Liu Zhuoxin
Published: August 2023

The evolution of wearable technology has prompted the need for adaptive, self-healable, and energy-autonomous energy devices. This study innovatively addresses this challenge by introducing an MXene-boosted hydrogel electrolyte, which expedites the assembly process of flexible thermocell (TEC) arrays and thus circumvents the complicated fabrication of typical wearable electronics. Our findings underscore the hydrogel electrolyte's superior thermoelectrochemical performance under substantial deformations and repeated self-healing cycles. The resulting hydrogel-based TEC yields a maximum power output of 1032.1 nW under the ΔT of 20 K when being stretched to 500% for 1000 cycles, corresponding to 80% of its initial state; meanwhile, it sustains 1179.1 nW under the ΔT of 20 K even after 60 cut-healing cycles, approximately 92% of its initial state. The as-assembled TEC array exhibits device-level self-healing capability and high adaptability to human body. It is readily applied for touch-based encrypted communication where distinct voltage signals can be converted into alphabet letters; it is also employed as a self-powered sensor to in-situ monitor a variety of body motions for complex human actions. The swift assembly approach, combined with the versatile functionality of the TEC device, paves the way for future advancements in wearable electronics targeting at fitness monitoring and human–machine interfaces.
Do Predictive Analytics Dream of Risk-Free Education? The Politics of Risk Mitigation
Authors: Zakharova Irina , Jarke Juliane
Published: August 2023

The future is always shaped and, to some extent, haunted by design decisions of the present and their future residues. Predictive learning analytics, as increasingly used in education, is an example of a technology that is future-oriented by design. Particularly risk prediction concerned with the students at risk, risk factors hindering educational success, and their management has a long history in education. Currently, identification of students ‘at risk’, risk prediction, and mitigation are being automated through learning analytics. Understanding risk as integral both to modern society and the educational processes, our goal in this paper is to trace the politics of risk prediction and educational futures. We argue that the future orientation of educational technologies materialise in form of design features. To analyse these future making features, we examine the risk prediction-related design features of five globally used learning management systems. We consider their politics for future making through the ways in which they define what is problematic, what is thinkable, and what is desirable in education. We discuss (1) the promises and aspirations these learning management systems promote to educators about the possibilities of a risk-free educational future; (2) how risk prediction features work, e.g., on which different data categories they operate; and (3) the resulting politics of who is perceived as a carrier of risk in education and who is called upon to act. We close with a discussion on the politics (and risk) of aspiring for risk-free learning and risk mitigation in datafied education.
Was it me? The Role of Attributions and Shame in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): A Systematic Review
Authors: Seah Rebecca , Dwyer Kirsty , Berle David
Published: August 2023

Shame has been identified as a key emotional response to trauma exposure and is implicated in the development and maintenance of PTSD. Despite this, there is a lack of empirical research explaining how and why shame emerges following trauma exposure. Current theoretical models of shame converge on the idea that shame is elicited through internal, stable, and global attributions about the precipitating event. A systematic review was conducted to assess the relationship between causal attributions, shame, and PTSD symptomology. A database search of PsycINFO, PubMED, Medline, EMBASE and PTSDPubs identified articles published between 1980 to 2022 that enabled examination of the relationship between attributions, shame, and PTSD. A total of eight articles met inclusion criteria for this review. There were cross-sectional relationships between internal attributions, shame, and PTSD symptoms, with shame demonstrating the strongest relationship with PTSD symptoms. Significant indirect effects were found between internal attributions, shame, and PTSD. Concerns surrounding reliability of measurements and sampling bias made it difficult to draw definitive conclusions. The current evidence is too preliminary to offer strong support for the mediation hypothesis. However, it does offer important avenues for future research that will have important clinical applications.
A scientometric analysis of information technology in sustainable higher education: knowledge structure and frontier trends
Authors: Chen Jiyun
Published: August 2023

Achieving quality education by providing equitable resources and promoting lifelong learning has attracted scholarly attention since the United Nations proposed Education for Sustainable Development (SDG4) in 2015. The transformation of information technologies has dramatically advanced the fulfillment of SDG4 by revolutionizing communication and learning processes. Updated research to trace the evolution of the relevant field will boost researchers executing ground-breaking research for improving the domain. By utilizing the bibliometric analysis with CiteSpace, this research investigated knowledge structures and frontier trends regarding information technology in sustainable higher education, which included 5370 documents primarily retrieved from the Web of Science between January 2010 and December 2022. The findings indicated that web-based online learning, transparent and unified sustainability reporting criteria, and sustainable campus administration with the assistance of information technologies had drawn significant attention. The most promising topics include: utilizing information technology to improve students’ cross-cultural competencies; adjusting curriculum content for the dynamic changing environment; collaborating between different participants to obtain a circular economy; and the priority of enhancing pedagogy competence of teachers. The results provide crucial insight to researchers via graphical expression, thus facilitating a comprehensive understanding of the field, shedding light on topics not thoroughly explored in this knowledge discipline, and providing valuable direction for future research.
Document-Level Chemical-Induced Disease Semantic Relation Extraction Using Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory on Dependency Graph
Authors: Pham Thi Quynh-Trang , Dao Quang Huy , Nguyen Anh Duc , Dang Thanh Hai
Published: August 2023

Identifying chemical-induced disease (CID) semantic relations in the biomedical literature, including both intra- and inter-sentence interactions, has significant implications for various downstream applications. Although various advanced methods have been proposed, they often overlook the cross-sentence dependency information, which is crucial for accurately predicting inter-sentence relations. In this study, we propose DEGREx, a novel graph-based neural model that presents a biomedical document as a dependency graph. DEGREx improves the long-distance relation extraction by allowing direct information exchange among document graph nodes through dependency connections. The information transition process is based on the idea of controller gates in long short-term memory networks. Our model, DEGREx, exerts a multi-task learning framework to jointly train relation extraction with named entity recognition, improving the performance of the CID extraction task. Experimental results on the benchmark dataset demonstrate that our model DEGREx outperforms all nine compared recent state-of-the-art models.
A Digital Space of One’s Own: Rethinking Children’s Online Privacy
Authors: Belmer Stephanie
Published: August 2023

This paper rereads the tort of intrusion upon seclusion, as it was adopted by the Ontario Court of Appeal in Jones v Tsige, to include a fuller account of online privacy. It proposes that the Court’s stress on informational privacy forfeits a more dynamic and “spatialized” conception of privacy harm. This paper develops a relational account of spatial privacy using the work of Iris Marion Young, Virginia Woolf, and Jennifer Nedelsky based on three features—embodied habits, narrative, and experimentation—to supplement the informational reading of privacy in Jones. While Jones is not a case about young people, this paper nonetheless takes the Court’s emphasis on digital technology as an invitation to reflect on young people’s privacy. Using different accounts of young people’s online experience, it proposes that while privacy is certainly transformed by the online world, its basic spatial features have not changed as dramatically as the Court in Jones suggests.
Factors associated with ICD-11 posttraumatic stress disorder and complex posttraumatic stress disorder among older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Greenblatt-Kimron Lee , Ben-Ezra Menachem , Shacham Maayan , Hamama-Raz Yaira , Palgi Yuval
Published: August 2023

ICD-11 posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex PTSD have been understudied in the older population. The study focused on the associations between traumatic exposure before the pandemic, COVID-19 worries, depression, and loneliness with current PTSD and CPTSD among older adults. A random sample of five hundred and twelve Israeli older adults (Mage = 72.67 ± 3.81, range 68–87) was recruited using a Web-based survey company (Ipanel, Israel). Participants completed questionnaires of demographic details, self-rated health, COVID-19 worries, trauma exposure, depressive symptoms, level of loneliness, PTSD, and CPTSD. Univariate logistic regression revealed that trauma exposure, COVID-19 worries, depression, and loneliness were associated with PTSD. Multinomial regression revealed that only trauma exposure was associated with PTSD among older adults with PTSD compared with those not reaching the PTSD cutoff level. In the comparison between older adults suffering from CPTSD with those not reaching the PTSD cutoff level, being married, higher levels of trauma exposure, COVID-19 worries, depression, and loneliness were associated with a higher risk of CPTSD. Results suggest that specific factors may be significant psychological correlates of CPTSD symptoms among older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Identifying these factors could assist practitioners in tailoring more effective interventions.
Soft Epiphanies: The Multilayered Narratives in Abbas Kiarostami's Film Close-Up (1990)
Authors: Devictor Agnès , Neuve-Eglise Amélie
Published: August 2023

As part of the collective endeavor to explore the modalities and challenges of the narrative in the Persianate world, this article reconsiders Abbas Kiarostami's Close-Up (1990), a film characterized by a special cinematographic feature. While accounting for what appears to be a story of swindling and identity theft, Kiarostami keeps the viewer in a state of uncertainty about the nature of what he sees, blurring the boundaries between documentary and fiction, truth and lie, through particular narrative and cinematographic choices. Previous scholarship has focused mainly on the aesthetic implications of the staging and its effects on the viewer. The present study proposes a different type of analysis by discussing specific narrative devices from the perspective of cultural anthropology, with particular attention to the recurrence of the zāher/bāten paradigm, suggested as a cipher by Kiarostami himself early on in the film. The examination of the discursive and aesthetic mobilization of these notions brings to light a subtle game of back-and-forth between the desire to disclose deeper meanings and the will to preserve ambiguity and intimacy, allowing for “soft epiphanies” to arise.
Dietary diversity and nutritional status of children attending early childhood development centres in Vhembe District, Limpopo province, South Africa
Authors: Motadi Selekane Ananias , Zuma Mthokozisi Kwazi , Freeland-Graves Jeanne H. , Gertrude Mbhenyane Xikombiso
Published: August 2023

The present study assessed dietary diversity and anthropometric status of children attending early development centres in South Africa. In the Vhembe District of Limpopo province, South Africa, 273 children were conveniently chosen from 8 randomly selected early childhood development centres for a cross-sectional study. Data were gathered via a questionnaire administered by the interviewer in June 2021. Height, body weight and mid-upper arm circumference were measured to assess anthropometric status. A 24-h dietary recall was obtained to provide information on dietary diversity. The prevalence of underweight, wasting and stunting was 9, 4 and 26 %, respectively. More than half of the children had a low dietary diversity score, according to the Food and Agriculture Organization scoring system for children. Grains, roots, tubers, dairy products, other fruits and vegetables, and flesh-based foods were the highest consumed food groups. The lowest consumption was for eggs, vitamin A-rich fruits and vegetables, legumes and nuts. Height for age and weight for age were significantly associated with dietary diversity score, but not weight for height. Children who did not meet the reference value of greater than 4 for dietary diversity had a significant risk of being underweight (AOR 0⋅25, 95 % CI 0⋅08, 0⋅75) and stunted (AOR 0⋅32, 95 % CI 0⋅14, 0⋅74). The nutritional status of the children was impacted by a lack of adequate dietary diversity. Young children in rural areas need to receive a wide range of food to promote greater diversification of diets in order to diminish the risk of undernutrition.
Re-centering Race and Class in the “Queer Career”
Authors: Mumford Kevin
Published: August 2023

Margot Canaday offers this new book as a kind of continuation of her classic 2009 study on the bureaucratic persecution of gays, The Straight State: Sexuality and Citizenship in the Twentieth Century. Rather than government documents, Queer Career draws on more than 150 oral histories of subjects recalling employment memories and complaints, as well as her signature exhaustion of the secondary sources.
Salvemini's antifascist exile in London: attracting the attention of a British audience
Authors: Gussoni Alice
Published: August 2023

In 1925 the Fascist dictatorship forced Gaetano Salvemini to leave Italy and begin a new life in exile. Salvemini understood he could find political and financial support in London to achieve two main aims: to live a decent life as an antifascist exile and fight the Fascist dictatorship from abroad. Thanks to a network encompassing intellectuals, academics, journalists, and politicians, London provided Salvemini with a platform for sharing antifascist stances outside Italy. This essay will develop research on this topic by taking into account Salvemini's conference speeches, articles, books, and essays written while in Britain, from 1925 to 1934. The corpus of the selected texts will show that Salvemini carefully singled out topics that were able to attract the attention of a foreign audience, particularly British public opinion. Therefore, the analysis of Salvemini's intellectual production during this period and the reaction of the press will contribute to cast a new light on his antifascist strategies; in other words, it will lead to a consideration of the extent to which being part of a British intellectual network transformed his approach to the antifascist struggle.
Liberal Democratic Mayors in Illiberal Populist Regimes: Istanbul’s Challenges
Authors: Deets Stephen
Published: August 2023

After Ekrem İmamoğlu won as Istanbul’s mayor, the contestation between the city and central government resembled other cases of liberal mayors winning in illiberal populist regimes. To expand liberal democracy, the mayor sought to reinvigorate effective democratic citizenship by increasing access to information, creating more inclusive governance networks through public participation opportunities, limiting the regime’s clientelism and rent-seeking opportunities in real estate and contracting, and (re)creating social solidarity. The national government responded by extensively covering “scandals” and continuing populist rhetoric to maintain polarization, limiting the city’s financial resources, and moving power and projects to agencies they still controlled. This article uses Istanbul to develop this model and illustrate how İmamoğlu has made progress in each area despite the central government’s effort to constrain his administration.
Detection of radio emission from stars via proper-motion searches
Authors: Driessen Laura N. , Heald George , Duchesne Stefan W. , Murphy Tara , Lenc Emil , Leung James K. , Moss Vanessa A.
Published: August 2023

We present a method for identifying radio stellar sources using their proper-motion. We demonstrate this method using the FIRST, VLASS, RACS-low and RACS-mid radio surveys, and astrometric information fromGaiaData Release 3. We find eight stellar radio sources using this method, two of which have not previously been identified in the literature as radio stars. We determine that this method probes distances of$\sim$90pc when we use FIRST and RACS-mid, and$\sim$250pc when we use FIRST and VLASS. We investigate the time baselines required by current and future radio sky surveys to detect the eight sources we found, with the SKA (6.7 GHz) requiring$<$3 yr between observations to find all eight sources. We also identify nine previously known and 43 candidate variable radio stellar sources that are detected in FIRST (1.4 GHz) but are not detected in RACS-mid (1.37 GHz). This shows that many stellar radio sources are variable, and that surveys with multiple epochs can detect a more complete sample of stellar radio sources.
On classification of singular matrix difference equations of mixed order
Authors: Zhu Li , Sun Huaqing , Xie Bing
Published: August 2023

This paper is concerned with singular matrix difference equations of mixed order. The existence and uniqueness of initial value problems for these equations are derived, and then the classification of them is obtained with a similar classical Weyl's method by selecting a suitable quasi-difference. An equivalent characterization of this classification is given in terms of the number of linearly independent square summable solutions of the equation. The influence of off-diagonal coefficients on the classification is illustrated by two examples. In particular, two limit point criteria are established in terms of coefficients of the equation.
From Grinder to Nipper: Opera, Music Technology and Italian American (Self-)Representation
Authors: Agugliaro Siel
Published: August 2023

In this article I argue that the longstanding practice of depicting Italian Americans as opera lovers stems from a tradition associating Italian immigrants with mechanical music devices. As a growing number of Italian unskilled labourers entered the United States in the second half of the nineteenth century, they were stereotyped as street musicians, and especially as organ grinders, in mainstream popular culture. Beginning in the 1900s, recording manufacturers strove to make home phonographs appealing to the middle class by breaking the chain of mechanical, social and racial associations that connected the phonograph with earlier musical devices such as the barrel organ, and with those who played them. Because of the prominent marketing role that record labels assigned to Italian opera, this commercial strategy had important consequences for the genre as well as for Italian immigrants, who leveraged opera's renewed visibility and audibility into an effective vessel for social and political empowerment.
Quasipolynomial-time algorithms for Gibbs point processes
Authors: Jenssen Matthew , Michelen Marcus , Ravichandran Mohan
Published: August 2023

We demonstrate a quasipolynomial-time deterministic approximation algorithm for the partition function of a Gibbs point process interacting via a stable potential. This result holds for all activities
$\lambda$
for which the partition function satisfies a zero-free assumption in a neighbourhood of the interval
$[0,\lambda ]$
. As a corollary, for all finiterange stable potentials, we obtain a quasipolynomial-time deterministic algorithm for all
$\lambda \lt 1/(e^{B + 1} \hat C_\phi )$
where
$\hat C_\phi$
is a temperedness parameter and
$B$
is the stability constant of
$\phi$
. In the special case of a repulsive potential such as the hard-sphere gas we improve the range of activity by a factor of at least
$e^2$
and obtain a quasipolynomial-time deterministic approximation algorithm for all
$\lambda \lt e/\Delta _\phi$
, where
$\Delta _\phi$
is the potential-weighted connective constant of the potential
$\phi$
. Our algorithm approximates coefficients of the cluster expansion of the partition function and uses the interpolation method of Barvinok to extend this approximation throughout the zero-free region.
Toward a shallow discourse parser for Turkish
Authors: Kutlu Ferhat , Zeyrek Deniz , Kurfalı Murathan
Published: August 2023

One of the most interesting aspects of natural language is how texts cohere, which involves the pragmatic or semantic relations that hold between clauses (addition, cause-effect, conditional, similarity), referred to as discourse relations. A focus on the identification and classification of discourse relations appears as an imperative challenge to be resolved to support tasks such as text summarization, dialogue systems, and machine translation that need information above the clause level. Despite the recent interest in discourse relations in well-known languages such as English, data and experiments are still needed for typologically different and less-resourced languages. We report the most comprehensive investigation of shallow discourse parsing in Turkish, focusing on two main sub-tasks: identification of discourse relation realization types and the sense classification of explicit and implicit relations. The work is based on the approach of fine-tuning a pre-trained language model (BERT) as an encoder and classifying the encoded data with neural network-based classifiers. We firstly identify the discourse relation realization type that holds in a given text, if there is any. Then, we move on to the sense classification of the identified explicit and implicit relations. In addition to in-domain experiments on a held-out test set from the Turkish Discourse Bank (TDB 1.2), we also report the out-domain performance of our models in order to evaluate its generalization abilities, using the Turkish part of the TED Multilingual Discourse Bank. Finally, we explore the effect of multilingual data aggregation on the classification of relation realization type through a cross-lingual experiment. The results suggest that our models perform relatively well despite the limited size of the TDB 1.2 and that there are language-specific aspects of detecting the types of discourse relation realization. We believe that the findings are important both in providing insights regarding the performance of the modern language models in a typologically different language and in the low-resource scenario, given that the TDB 1.2 is 1/20th of the Penn Discourse TreeBank in terms of the number of total relations.
An investigation of treatment return after psychological therapy for depression and anxiety
Authors: Lorimer Ben , Kellett Stephen , Giesemann Julia , Lutz Wolfgang , Delgadillo Jaime
Published: August 2023

Background:

Some patients return for further psychological treatment in routine services, although it is unclear how common this is, as scarce research is available on this topic.

Aims:

To estimate the treatment return rate and describe the clinical characteristics of patients who return for anxiety and depression treatment.

Method:

A large dataset (N=21,029) of routinely collected clinical data (2010–2015) from an English psychological therapy service was analysed using descriptive statistics.

Results:

The return rate for at least one additional treatment episode within 1–5 years was 13.7%. Furthermore, 14.5% of the total sessions provided by the service were delivered to treatment-returning patients. Of those who returned, 58.0% continued to show clinically significant depression and/or anxiety symptoms at the end of their first treatment, while 32.0% had experienced a demonstrable relapse before their second treatment.

Conclusions:

This study estimates that approximately one in seven patients return to the same service for additional psychological treatment within 1–5 years. Multiple factors may influence the need for additional treatment, and this may have a major impact on service activity. Future research needs to further explore and better determine the characteristics of treatment returners, prioritise enhancement of first treatment recovery, and evaluate relapse prevention interventions.
Cost considerations for implementing dignity therapy in palliative care: Insights and implications
Authors: Al Yacoub Raed , Rangel Andrea P. , Shum-Jimenez Adriana , Greenlee Amelia , Yao Yingwei , Schoppee Tasha M. , Fitchett George , Handzo George , Chochinov Harvey Max , Emanuel Linda L. , Kittelson Sheri , Wilkie Diana J.
Published: August 2023

Objectives

Despite the clinical use of dignity therapy (DT) to enhance end-of-life experiences and promote an increased sense of meaning and purpose, little is known about the cost in practice settings. The aim is to examine the costs of implementing DT, including transcriptions, editing of legacy document, and dignity-therapists’ time for interviews/patient’s validation.

Methods

Analysis of a prior six-site, randomized controlled trial with a stepped-wedge design and chaplains or nurses delivering the DT.

Results

The mean cost per transcript was $84.30 (SD = 24.0), and the mean time required for transcription was 52.3 minutes (SD = 14.7). Chaplain interviews were more expensive and longer than nurse interviews. The mean cost and time required for transcription varied across the study sites. The typical total cost for each DT protocol was $331–$356.

Significance of results

DT implementation costs varied by provider type and study site. The study’s findings will be useful for translating DT in clinical practice and future research.