bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge and use of Stroke Assessment Scales by Physiotherapists in selected Nigerian Health Institutions
Authors: Okafor Udoka Chris , Birabi Bridget N , Okunuga A
Published: October 2021

Background & Objective: Stroke assessment scales are top among core British National Clinical Guidelines for Stroke that has been strongly advocated by the Intercollegiate Stroke Working Party (ISWP). These clinical assessment measures have been studied for validity and reliability and have been in use globally by clinicians for over three decades. Knowledge and use of stroke scales by Physiotherapists in Nigeria will be a strong tool in improving the quality of care and life of stroke survivors. This study therefore sought to evaluate the level of knowledge, availability and utilization of stroke scales among Physiotherapists in Nigeria.Methods: Two hundred (200), two-part, 18-item, self administered questionnaires were distributed to a convenient sample of Nigerian Physiotherapists practicing in urban and suburban hospitals spread over four out of six geopolitical zones of Nigeria. One hundred and eighty (180) respondents (90%) returned fully completed questionnaires.Results: Of the 180 respondents, 66.7% had knowledge of stroke scales though only 28% claimed they were taught in their training institutions. Three types of scales were mainly available among 30.6% of respondents in their institutions of practice. However, 70% of these respondents to whom these scales were available do not utilize them mostly due to high patient load and time constraint in clinical setting. All participants (100%) desired knowledge and availability of the scales while 90% strongly agreed that stroke scales make the patient, essential part of goal setting and accelerates his re- integration into the society after stroke.Conclusion: Knowledge of stroke assessment scales is low among Physiotherapists in Nigeria. Even among those who have knowledge of the scales, there is low availability and utilization in the treatment of stroke. Therefore, improvement in knowledge, availability and utilization of stroke assessment scales by Physiotherapists in Nigeria is imperative.
THE INTER-AMERICAN HUMAN RIGHTS SYSTEM AND THE ROLE AND RIGHTS OF JUDGES
Authors: Abi-Mershed Elizabeth
Published: October 2021

Access to justice at the domestic level is a core component of human rights protection, with judges playing a key role in that process. Judges may require particular protection when subject to violations of their own rights in connection with their judicial mandate. This article first provides a basic overview of the Inter-American Commission’s and Court’s respective mandates. There are some brief references to examples from Brazil, as well as some concerning judicial independence and the protection of judges. The article then reviews a series of individual cases in which the Commission and Court have set standards on the obligation of states to respect the role and independence of judges. The focus is on independence, through respect for their security of tenure against improper interference, as well as effective protection when judges are subjected to threats or violence due to their work. In relation to judicial protection and guarantees, the article also looks briefly at the system’s clear position against the use of military jurisdiction to investigate, prosecute and punish serious human rights violations. The article closes with a brief reflection on the system and the commonalities and distinctions within which it necessarily works.
Características anatômicas da madeira de Handroanthus cryshotchus submetida ao processo de modificação térmica
Authors: De Souza Mangini Tauana , Candaten Luana , Bandera Eduarda , Da Silva Zanchetta Laura , Trevisan Rômulo , Eloy Elder
Published: October 2021

A expansão da indústria de produtos madeireiros resulta na demanda por espécies com características tecnológicas e anatômicas ideais principalmente para exportação. Diante disso, espécies nativas surgem como alternativa para substituição de espécies exóticas usualmente empregadas. Com vistas a melhoria das propriedades desse material, alguns métodos como a modificação térmica. Dessa forma, o objetivo do trabalho foi analisar as características anatômicas da madeira de Handroanthus chrysotrichus submetida ao processo de modificação térmica. Para tanto, o tratamento térmico foi aplicado em estufa com circulação de ar forçada nas temperaturas de 120, 150, 180 e 210 °C durante 4 h. Posteriormente, foram confeccionadas e analisadas lâminas histológicas e de macerado. Os resultados obtidos revelaram que a modificação térmica alterou a estrutura anatômica da madeira de Ipê-amarelo ficando comprovado que as temperaturas que mais afetam os caracteres anatômicos da espécie variam entre 150 e 180 º C.
Estrutura e composição florística em área de floresta ombrófila densa sob manejo florestal
Authors: Coimbra Limeira Mathaus Messias , Andrade Ramos Yasmin , Reis de Sousa Max Vinicios , Bueno Coelho Maria Cristina , Varavallo Maurilio Antonio , Santa Brigida Ataide Yandro , Ferreira dos Santos André , Erpen Mauro Luiz
Published: October 2021

O propósito do presente trabalho é determinar a fitossociologia e florística de um fragmento de Floresta Ombrófila Densa sob manejo florestal na região de Portel, Pará. Foram amostrados 4 conglomerados, divididos em parcelas secundárias e terciarias totalizando 80 unidades amostrais de 0,4 hectares cada. Nestas foram medidos todos os indivíduos arbóreos com diâmetro a altura do peito (DAP), a 1,30 m do nível do solo, acima de 10 cm além de determinar a fitossociologia e realizar os cálculos dos parâmetros de equabilidade e similaridade florística. Foram registrados 1621 indivíduos, distribuídos em 35 famílias e 146 espécies. As famílias Fabaceae, Lecythidaceae e Sapotaceae foram as que obtiveram os maiores índices do valor de importância familiar e a maior representatividade de indivíduos. As espécies Eschweilera coriacea, Licania macrophylla., Vouacapoua americana foram as que tiveram os maiores IVI. A média do índice de variedade de Shannon entre as parcelas foi de 3,82 e o da equabilidade de Pielou 0,84 constatando que a região apresenta alta diversidade florística além de apresentar grande potencialidade para as atividades do manejo florestal.
Flourishing The Higher Education in Pakistan: An Exploratory Analysis of The Role of Higher Education Commission (HEC)
Authors: Khan Bashir Khan , Ghulam Mustafa  , Nawaz Ahmad
Published: October 2021

The paramount aim of the underlying study is to explore the efficacy of the Higher Education Commission (HEC) through evaluating the effectiveness of the key initiatives which have been taken by the HEC to flourish the higher education and research environment in Pakistan. Using exploratory analysis, the study unleashes that the higher education and research culture has improved since 2002 owing to the HEC’s effective initiatives. These include, but are not limited to, increasing the capacity of in-service teaching faculty, induction of PhD faculty in public and private sector universities, award of indigenous and foreign scholarships, and provision of research grants, all of which had a positive influence on higher education through capacity building. A commendable increase in the number of universities along with the induction of highly qualified faculty has been witnessed, specifically the induction of indigenously produced PhDs. Apart from these, the HEC has played an instrumental role in helping to improve the gender parity by 45% in education sector. Moreover, in order to trace out what problems the HEC has been facing to implement its reforms, we conducted KIIs to the HEC officials who have been remained the part of policy implementation. The KIIs discloses that the deteriorating budgetary allocation, less cooperation from public sector universities, and questioning the HEC’s autonomy are the major challenges among others to the HEC in promoting an effective and inclusive higher education in Pakistan. The KIIs suggest that the autonomy of the HEC should not be compromised, and the liaison between universities and the HEC should be increased.
Solid State NMR Analysis for Hide Powder Tanned by Aluminum, Silicon and Phosphorus Tanning Agents before and after Hydrothermal Denaturation
Authors: Liu Jun , He Da-hai , Chen Hua-lin , Ding Ke-yi
Published: October 2021

In order to investigate the change of chemical bonds between tanning agents and collagen molecules directly, hide powder tanned by aluminum, silicon and phosphorus tanning agents were prepared. The chemical shifts of Al, Si and P in tanned hide powder were analyzed by solid-state 27Al NMR, 29Si NMR and 31P NMR. The results showed that, the chemical shift of Al in aluminum tanned hide powder which interacted with collagen molecules through coordination bond could be regarded as unchanging after hydrothermal denaturation (only slightly moved to high field area). The chemical shift of Si in silicon tanned hide powder which interacted with collagen molecules through hydrogen bond did not change after hydrothermal denaturation. The chemical shift of P in phosphorus tanned hide powder, which interacted with collagen molecules through covalent bond, was obviously shifted to the high field area after hydrothermal denaturation.
Histories of Visual Communication Design
Authors: Griffin Dori
Published: October 2021

In this article, the history of visual communication design provides an area of thematic convergence. The research represented here engages typographic communication, an area of investigation familiar to the journal's readership. Yet its significance extends beyond illuminating the historical context of singular designs or designers. Collectively, the authors in this issue join a broader and sustained interdisciplinary conversation between design history and visual communication design practice. Situating their research relative to this shared context expands its relevance beyond their discrete areas of focus. At its inception, the history of visual communication design relied on the intuition of practitioners and the connoisseurship of collectors; its narrative prioritized aesthetic styles and eminent designers. The first sustained calls to move beyond such a conceptualization emerged in 1983 at Coming of Age: The First Symposium on the History of Graphic Design.
Temporal macular thinning: a salient sign of Alport syndrome
Authors: Silvarajoo Sharan , Yong Zheng Wai , Rahmat Jamalia
Published: October 2021

Alport syndrome is a hereditary, multisystemic disorder that causes abnormalities of the ear, kidney, and eye. A teenager who was suffering from end-stage renal failure and hearing problems was referred to us suspected of Alport syndrome. He did not have any ocular complaints and wore glasses for myopic astigmatism. His best-corrected visual acuity was 6/7.5 bilaterally. Anterior segment examination was unremarkable. Posterior segment examination showed perimacular dot-andfleck retinopathy with bull’s eye maculopathy. Optical coherence tomography revealed temporal macular thinning. The findings were in keeping with the diagnosis of X-linked Alport syndrome. Ocular findings can help diagnose Alport syndrome. Early detection and treatment can help delay the progression of kidney failure.
The Analysis of Development Natural gas-based Petrochemical Industry in Teluk Bintuni Regency
Authors: Oetomo Dedy Setyo , Ramdhani Rizky Fajar
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT

The petrochemical industry, especially the petrochemical industry in Teluk Bintuni Regency, West Papua Province, is an industry engaged in natural gas processing by considering the needs of the Upstream Plastic Product Industry Market and its use in supporting human activities. It is hoped that the integration of the upstream-downstream industry can build a strong supply chain. This is in line with the application of industry 4.0 according to the roadmap of Making Indonesia 4.0, which aims to increase the competitiveness of the national industry in the global arena. Examples of upstream petrochemical industry products include methanol, ethylene, propylene, butadiene, benzene, toluene, xylene, coproduct fuels, petrol pyrolysis, fuel oil pyrolysis, raffinate, and C4 mixtures. The analysis developed is using an Industrial Tree Model and porter's value chain analysis and supply chain analysis. The results of this research are seven points.
Relationship Between Indoor Air Quality and Sick Building Syndrome in Post Office Building in Bandung
Authors: Hikmat Yudi Prana , Wellid Ismail , Sumeru Kasni , Az-zahro Salma Dzakiyah , Firdaus bin Sukri Mohamad
Published: October 2021

Sick building syndrome (SBS) is a collection of symptoms experienced by buildings occupants such as headaches, mucous, membrane irritation, respiratory problems and fatigue. A building is claimed to have SBS if more than 20% of building occupants experience symptoms. Poor indoor air quality contributes to SBS in the building. This study aims to investigate the correlation between indoor air quality and SBS symptoms in 1st and 2nd floors of the Post office building in Bandung. The study used quantitative methods with a cross sectional study design. Data collection was carried out using particle counter, thermometer, lux meter and anemometer to measure the indoor air quality, while the questionnaire utilized random sampling technique with 119 respondents. The results of the primary data were compared with the air quality standard from Minister of Health No. 1077, 2021. The results of the Statically Compare Means and Independent T-test showed that the p-values of the temperature on the 1st floor and 2nd floors were 0.437 and 0.000, respectively. Meanwhile the p-values of PM10 and PM2.5 on the 1st and 2nd floors were 0.005 and 0.290 and 0.004 and 0.364, respectively, and the p-values of the lighting on the 1st and 2nd floors were 0.002 and 0.015. It indicates that there is a significant relationship between concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 on the 1st floor with SBS symptoms and the temperature and humidity on the 2nd with SBS symptoms. Since 29 peoples (24% of the building’s occupants) experienced SBS, the building was considered to have a significant potential to cause SBS to its occupant.
Kamchatka seismic monitoring and Earthquake prediction system and its evolution. Main results of observations in 2016-2020
Authors: Chebrov Danila , Tikhonov Sergey , Droznin Dmitry , Droznina Svetlana , Matveenko Evgeny , Mityushkina Svetlana , Saltykov Vadim , Senyukov Sergey , Serafimova Yulia , Sergeev Vasily , Yashchuk Vasily
Published: October 2021

In this paper we present brief review of results of Kamchatka Seismic Monitoring and Earthquake Prediction System operations in the last five years. In addition, the retrospective of development of hardware, equipment and software of the System performed. The main direction in the System evolution in this period concerned the creation and modernization of data acquiring and pro-cessing methods. One of main results is creation basic informational space, that includes all pro-cesses if seismic observations, from data acquiring till exchange (including external users) of da-ta processing results. In particular, the system of data storage was deeply modernized, high-speed access to the data archive was provides, high-performance computing clusters were deployed, all seismic stations were combined in the unified network. Development algorithms and software for data processing and seismic regime controlling was continued. Creation and development of the Seismological Data Informational System (SDIS) provide the access to seismic observations re-sults for research community. The service of automatic data exchange with external users was created and incorporated in SDIS. Kamchatka Seismic Monitoring and Earthquake Prediction System in 2016-2020 allowed registering and processing over 83 thousand tectonic and volcanic earthquakes. The complex studies for seven the strongest ones were conducted. Detailed analysis showed, that magnitude of completeness for regional scale is MLc=2.5, and for local scale (for example – volcano seismic monitoring) – MLc=–0.2.
TRANSFORMASI NILAI-NILAI ISLAM DALAM SYAIR NABI YUSUF VERSI BAHASA MADURA
Authors: Sholihin Ahmad Badrus
Published: October 2021

Sebuah karya sastra tidak bisa lepas dari kondisi masyarakat dan situasi budaya tempat karya itu dihasilkan. Dalam hubungan sebab akibat, diasumsikan bahwa pengaruh sosial adalah sebab-sebab yang menghasilkan suatu karya sastra sebagai akibatnya. Dalam fungsi ini, sebuah karya sastra dapat berperan sebagai cerminan situasi masyarakatnya. Refleksi ini bukan sekedar reproduksi realitas sosial menurut berbagai kesan yang masuk dari luar ke dalam persepsi. Refleksi itu sendiri berisi tanggapan dan reaksi aktif terhadap tayangan tersebut. Dengan menganalisis Syair Nabi Yusuf Madura, tulisan ini mencoba mengeksplorasi transformasi nilai-nilai Islam dalam masyarakat Madura dan/atau pengguna bahasa Madura. Dengan menggunakan teori sastra Islam Najib Kailani, penulis akan mengungkapkan tiga poin utama dari Syair Nabi Yusuf Madura. Pertama, konsep muslim ideal menurut masyarakat Madura dalam simbolisme protagonis (al-bathal). Kedua, komitmen (al-iltizam) masyarakat Madura dalam menginternalisasi nilai-nilai Islam. Ketiga, keterikatan (al-irtibath) masyarakat Madura terhadap nilai-nilai Islam.

 

A literary work cannot avoid the condition of the society and the cultural situation in which it is produced. In a causal relationship it is assumed that social influences are the causes that produce a literary work as a result. In this function, a literary work can act as a reflection from the situation of its society. This reflection is not just a reproduction of a social reality according to various impressions that enter from the outside into the perception. Reflection itself contains active responses and reactions to these impressions. By analyzing the Madurese Syair Nabi Yusuf, this paper tries to explore the transformation of Islamic values in Madurese society and/or Madurese language users. By using the Islamic literary theory of Najib Kailani, the writer will reveal three main points from the Madurese Syair Nabi Yusuf. First, the concept of the ideal Muslim according to the Madurese community in the symbolism of the protagonist (al-bathal). Second, the commitment (al-iltizam) of the Madurese community in internalizing Islamic values. Third, the attachment (al-irtibath) of the Madurese community to Islamic values.
re- Rekonstruksi Model Pemberdayaan Pengungsi Syiah Sampang di Sidoarjo
Authors: Juhari Imam Bonjol
Published: October 2021

Abstract: This article builds a community empowerment model based on theoretical foundations and empirical data on the refugees from the Syiah Sampang community in Rusun Puspa Agro Jemundo Sidoarjo. The focus of the refugee empowerment construction consists of several elements so that the empowerment program becomes optimal, namely; first, there is a synergy between the bureaucratic apparatus, related agencies, NGOs, and active participation of target groups in planning, decision making, and program evaluation. Second, effective communication and cooperation between bureaucratic officials, related agencies and NGOs, in guiding program implementation. Third, the element of effective monitoring from the bureaucracy, related agencies, NGOs by involving the participation of the program target group. The empowerment of Syiah Sampang refugees, which has been carried out so far, does not pay attention to these elements so that the process and final goal of the empowerment program to improve the welfare of refugees are not optimal.
GERMAN LOGISTICAL PREPARATIONS FOR THE 1939 BLITZER UPON POLAND: LOGISTIC INTELLIGENCE PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Prihantoro Mitro
Published: October 2021

Logistical support was essential to maintain the German offensive's momentum during the Blitzkrieg on Poland in 1939. The Blitzkrieg launched by Germany against Poland was supported by combat logistics ranging from planning the logistical needs of operations to logistics distribution. For this reason, intelligence capabilities that can provide accurate information about the condition of logistics are needed, mainly logistical estimates in addition to information on other military aspects. The purpose of this paper is to analyse Germany's preparations for the Blitzkrieg against Poland in 1939 from the perspective of logistical intelligence. The method used in this writing is descriptive with a literature study approach. In analysing the substance focus, both information and data are obtained from open sources, including mass media, electronic media, literature, and other open sources. Based on German intelligence information about the enemy's current and ongoing activities, led Hitler to carry out an arms program to keep up with the development of the political situation by developing the weaponry of his armed forces. Logistics depots are prepared according to the disposition of the frontline troops to re-equip and adjust with information about the area of operation analysis.
CONTEMPORARY UNDERSTANDING OF THE PATHOGENESIS OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS.
Authors: Singh Arvinder
Published: October 2021

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is one of the most common rheumatologic conditions. Dell et al (2013) denes RA as a systemic autoimmune polyarticular arthritis, which can also have extra-articular manifestations that can lead to various systemic complications,. It is more common in women and can present at any age, however, the peak age of onset is the fth decade. RA mainly involves the synovial membrane leading to synovial inammation, proliferation, pannus formation and destruction of the articular cartilage, peri- articular bone and soft tissues.
COMPARING THE POST-OPERATIVE ANALGESIA USING ROPIVACAINE IN LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY BY THREE DIFFERENT METHODS-A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: Kishore Nimta , Chand Trilok , Singh Poniya Narendra , Saxena Arpita
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure for cholecystectomy. In present time local anesthesia is
widely used as analgesic by various routes including port site intraincisional inlteration, transverse abdominis plane (TAP) block and
intraperitoneal instillation.
Aim: Comparing The Post-Operative Analgesia Using Ropivacaine in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy by three Different Methods ;
Intraperitoneal instillation, USG-guided subcostal transversus abdominis plane block and Incisional inltration at port site.
Materials and methods: This study was conducted among elective general surgical patient undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy in S.N.
Medical College, Agra and completed in the study period of 18 months. Study population was elective surgical patients posted for elective
laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Patients were divided in to 3 groups: Group A- Intraperitoneal instillation, Groups B- ultrasound guided subcostal
transversus abdominis plane block and Groups C- intraincisional inlteration at port site.
Results: Intraincisional inltration of ropivacaine provide signicant Postoperative pain relief in comparative to USG -guided subcostal TAP
block and intraperitoneal instillation with ropivacaine.
Conclusion: Intraincisional inltration of ropivacaine provide signicant Postoperative pain relief and decrease post operative analgesia
requirement in comparative to USG -guided subcostal TAP block and intraperitoneal instillation with ropivacaine. Shoulder tip pain incidence,
postoperative nausea and vomiting incidence lower in intraincisional inltration of ropivacaine.
EXTENDED SPECTRUM BETA LACTAMASE PRODUCING UROPATHOGENS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN SOUTH INDIA: A CLINICO MICROBIOLOGICAL STUDY
Authors: Muralidharan Vandhitha , Jayachandran Abirami Lakshmy , Kandasamy Balan , J Balaji.
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is the most common bacterial infection encountered in both hospital and community setup and the
presence of drug resistance carries remarkable clinical implication. Drug resistant phenotypes like ESBL (Extended Spectrum Beta lactamase
producers) are difcult to treat causing increased morbidity.
Aims: The present study aims to determine the prevalence of ESBL producing Enterobacteriacea among Uropathogens and to determine the
Antibiotic susceptibility pattern.
Materials and Methods :A total of 726 urine samples were obtained and processed as per standard microbiological techniques .Antibiotic
susceptibility testing was done by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. All the isolates were screened for ESBL production and conrmed by
Double Disc Synergy test (DDST).Differences between the antibiotic susceptibility pattern ,Various risk factors were assessed among the ESBL
producing and non ESBLproducing bacteria and the signicance was analyzed .
Statistical analysis used:Chi square test.(p < 0.05 signicant)
Results: A total of 726 urine samples were processed of which 421 bacteria belonging to Enterobacteriaceae were included in the study. Most
common organism isolated was Escherichia coli 279 (66.27%).Highest susceptibility was observed for Imipenem 361 (85.7%) and Amikacin 356
(84.5%).Out of 461 isolates, 235 (55.8%) isolates were positive for ESBL screening all the isolates were conrmed with DDST. There was a
signicant difference for Diabetes mellitus, CAUTI and Inpatients among the antibiotic susceptibility pattern between ESBL and non ESBL
producers.(p<0.0001)
Conclusions: Early detection of Multidrug resistance isolates like ESBLproducers in routine testing could help avoid treatment failure. Screening
for ESBL production needs to be carried out regularly in every clinical diagnostic laboratory to guide clinicians in proper selection of antibiotics.
Continued monitoring of the susceptibility pattern of ESBLproducing bacteria will provide valuable information regarding the local antimicrobial
susceptibility pattern which in turn will guide in choosing the initial empirical therapy
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF COMBINED SPINAL EPIDURALANESTHESIA VS GENERAL ANESTHESIA IN LOWER LUMBER SPINE SURGERY.
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Sagar , Chatterjee Shreyasi , Mukhopadhyay Kiran Kumar
Published: October 2021

Either under general anesthesia or combined spinal ,epidural
anesthesia lumbar spine surgery can be safely and successfully
performed.However general anesthesia is commonly and widely used
because of its faster onset of action.The advantages of using general
anesthesia are patients comfort,satisfaction and the ability to carry out
prolonged operations in the prone position without airway
compromise.(1,2).
MATERNOFETAL OUTCOME IN MECONIUM STAINED LIQUOR AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Agarwal Neha , Bali Rathore Samta , Baberwal- Shivani
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND: Occurance of meconium-stained amniotic uid (MSAF) during labour may be considered as a measure for prediction of poor
fetal outcomes such as meconium aspiration syndrome and perinatal asphyxia ,resulting in perinatal as well as neonatal morbidity and mortality.
It constitutes about 5% of deliveries with meconium stained amniotic uid and death results in about 12% of infants with MAS.
METHODS: 40 cases of meconium stained liquor detected after spontaneous or artical rupture of membranes taken during labour from june
2020 to december 2020 and their outcome in terms of mode of delivery(whether vaginal delivery or lower segment caesarean section) and fetal
outcome and associated maternal high risk were studied
RESULT: Anemia was co existant in around 15%, pregnancy induced hypertension(PIH) in 25%and premature rupture of membrane in
10%.Pregnancies complicated with Pregnancy induced hypertension had signicant higher rate of meconium stained liquor among all cases.
Caesarean Section was commonly performed in meconium stained amniotic uid cases and accounted for about 65%of all cases.
CONCLUSIONS: Meconium Stained amniotic uid increases the chances of caesarean rates,leading to birth asphyxia ,Meconium Aspiration
Syndrome and hence increases the chances of neonatal intensive unit admission.
CLINICAL PROFILE AND VISUAL OUTCOME IN OCULAR INJURIES-AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY AT TERTIARY CARE CENTRE
Authors: Chakma Paruldeep , Sarkar Phani Kumar , Gupta Shivam
Published: October 2021

Background: Ocular injury is a major health problem in India, blunt trauma being one of the important causes of ocular morbidity and blindness.
Eye injuries are avoidable, if prevention is quiet effective at work place, on the sports eld, and in home. Patients and ophthalmologist must be
aware of activities that incur high of eye injury and must take advantage of a protective eye wear that is available, which varies with the need of the
patient and when used in proper manner can reduce eye injuries in certain settings by as much as 90 percent.
Methods:Ahospital based prospective observational study was conducted at AGMC& GBPHOSPITAL, including 200 patients within 2 years of
duration. Patients with ocular injuries were included in this study. Patients who were not willing to participate and patients with pre-existing ocular
diseases were excluded.
Results: In our study, out of 200 patients 31(15.5%) eyes had lenticular involvement, 12(6%) had angle recession and 36(18%) cases of posterior
segment involvement.
Conclusion: It is clear from this study that ocular trauma is associated with varying degrees of loss of vision. We can infer that children and young
adults are more prone to blunt ocular trauma, occupational injuries and road trafc accidents constitute the main bulk of injuries.
PERSISTENCE OF MALARIALANTIGEN FOLLOWING ANTIMALARIAL CHEMOTHERAPY IN KOLKATA, WEST BENGAL
Authors: Majhi Tanmoy , Rahman Mehebubar , Mallik Sudeshna , Saha Pabitra , Chakraborty Banya , Kamal Guha Subhasish , Pramanik Netai
Published: October 2021

Early diagnosis and complete treatment is one of the important aspects of malaria elimination programme worldwide. In many areas the diagnosis
is based on detection of malarial antigen using commercially available rapid diagnostic kits. The problem remains with persistence of antigen
following parasite clearance by proper treatment. The present work was undertaken to study the pattern of persistent antigen of P. vivax and P.
falciparum following antimalarial treatment. Atotal of 300 microscopically positive mono-infected with P. vivax (160) and P. vivax (140) patients
were recruited, treated with antimalarial drugs and followed up on day 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 for persistent parasites and antigen. P. vivax specic
pLDH antigen was disappeared from peripheral blood within 14 days post treatment period. P. falciparum specic HRP-2 antigen was persisted
even after 28 days of treatment. Depending only on antigen based diagnosis, attention should be paid before treatment, particularly in areas with
high malaria transmission
A PROSPECTIVE STUDY ON TREATMENT VARIABLES AND PSYCHIATRIC COMORBIDITY AMONG CANCER PATIENTS
Authors: karakrishnan DPM D. Kirupa , Subbulakshmi N. S.
Published: October 2021

Study was planned to assess the Psychiatric disorder as co-morbidity, treatment variables and pyshiatric comorbidity in a group of cancer patients,
attending a tertiary care hospital for the treatment .Consecutive Sample of 100 patients was selected for the study, those who attended the clinic in
the Department of Radiotherapy, Surgery, and Medical ward for the treatment of cancer, Thanjavur Medical College.we found Psychiatric comorbidity is highly prevalent in patients with cancer patients. Adjustment disorder and depression are the most common Psychiatric co-morbidity
associated with Cancer patients. There is no risk of developing a co-morbid Psychiatric illness with stage of cancer.There is no difference with
respect to Duration of Illness, in the presentation of psychiatric comorbidity.There is signicant prevalence of psychiatric morbidity, among the
patients with duration of last treatment.There is high prevalence of psychiatric morbidity among the patient receiving Radio therapy than CT/ST.
SIGNIFICANCE OF ULTRASONOGRAPHY IN EVALUATION OF VITREORETINAL PATHOLOGY
Authors: Mandi Champa , Dakshit Debashis , Mandal Laksmi Kanta
Published: October 2021

INTRODUCTION:Vitreoretinal pathologies include vitreal haemmorhage and vitreal detachment, retinal detachment, retinoblastoma, diabetic retinopathy,
leukocoria, trauma over eye. The eye being an external sense organ lends itself to an easy and rapid examination of anterior segment but structure
posterior to the papillary plane i.e lens, vitreous cavity and humor, retina, choroid in an opaque media could not be evaluated by just fundus
examination.
OBJECTIVES OF RESEARCH: Demographic prole of patient with vitreoretinal pathologies. Diagnose the patient with vitreoretinal
pathologies by ultrasonography. Detect and characterize the vitreoretinal pathologies by ultrasonography, clinical ndings and post management
conrmatory ndings to establish the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography in vitreoretinal pathologies.
MATERIALAND METHOD:
Study design:Institution based prospective, descriptive study
Study setting: USG section at Dept. of Radiodiagnosis, Medical College, Kolkata
Place of study: Dept. of Radiodiagnosis, Medical College, Kolkata
Period of study:January 2018 to august 2019
Study population:Referred patient from regional institute of opthalmology
Sample size: 50 patients.
RESULT AND ANALYSIS: We showed that 29(48.3%0 patients had vitreous haemorrhage. 19(31.7%) patients had retinal detachment.
10(16.7%) patients had posterior vitreous detachment. 7(11.7%) patients had endophthalmitis. 9(15.0%) patients had retinoblastoma. 1(1.7%)
patients had PHPV. 1(1.7%) patients had asteroid hyalosis. 1(1.7%) patients had retinoschisis. 5(8.3%) patients had normal.
SUMMARYAND CONCLUSION: From, the present study it was noted that Ultrasonography is very efcient tool in diagnosing various ocular
abnormalities. Ultrasonography can categorize the lesions in the posterior chamber well, depending on the echotexture and anatomy. Even the
exact location of the lesion and surrounding structures can be well made out. Ultrasonography can detect structural changes that were missed or
could not be detected by clinical examination especially with opaque media as well. Ultrasonography is proved to be very useful diagnostic tool in
detection and evaluation of vitreo-retinal pathologies in patients with opacities in the vitreous cavity.
ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ФОРМУВАННЯ МІСЦЕВИХ БЮДЖЕТІВ У КОНТЕКСТІ РЕФОРМУВАННЯ МІСЦЕВОГО САМОВРЯДУВАННЯ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Власюк Н. І. , Пікулик О. І.
Published: October 2021

Без реформування місцевого самоврядування, здійснення процесів децентралізації неможливо подолати негативні процеси в соціально-економічному та культурному розвитку територіальних громад і регіонів, забезпечити суттєве підвищення рівня та якості життя більшої частини громадян України. Ключові напрями реформування системи місцевого самоврядування в Україні – розмежування повноважень між ними та органами виконавчої влади, між органами місцевого самоврядування різних рівнів, визначення територіаль-ної основи органів місцевого самоврядування та органів виконавчої влади, закріплення за кожним рівнем ор-ганів влади необхідного обсягу ресурсів та встановлення відповідальності органів місцевого самоврядування перед виборцями і державою. Недостатність власних стабільних джерел доходів значно обмежує вплив місцевих органів влади на соціально-економічний розвиток регіонів. Тому розширення та оптимізація джерел наповнення місцевих бюджетів є надзвичайно важливим завданням, вирішення якого сприятиме підвищенню рівня фінансової незалежності органів місцевого самоврядування і якісному виконанню покладених на них зав-дань і функцій. Питання удосконалення процесу формування доходів місцевих бюджетів та пошук резервів їх збільшення є надзвичайно актуальним в умовах бюджетної децентралізації та значного розширення повнова-жень, якими наділяються органи місцевої влади. У статті проведено аналіз сучасного стану формування та використання коштів місцевих бюджетів в умовах децентралізації фінансових ресурсів та реформування місцевого самоврядування, а також визначено основні шляхи нарощення власної фінансової бази органів місце-вої влади для забезпечення ефективного виконання покладених на них функцій.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ МЕХАНІЗМУ УПРАВЛІННЯ ІНВЕСТИЦІЯМИ В УМОВАХ НЕСТАБІЛЬНОГО СЕРЕДОВИЩА
Authors: Колянко О. В.
Published: October 2021

В умовах перманентної політичної та економічної кризи в Україні, непередбачуваних викликів внутрішнього та зовнішнього середовища актуальним є обгрунтування детермінант управління інвестиціями на регіональному та місцевому рівнях та стимулювання соціально-економічного розвитку. Україна потребує суттєвих структурних змін, а це неможливо без формування механізму відтворення цілісної національної еко-номіки. Обґрунтувано рубрикатори ефективності управління інвестиціями та можливі напрями її підвищення в умовах нестабільного середовища. Досліджено прагматику економічної ситуації України, проаналізовано напрацювання відомих наукових економічних шкіл у питаннях управління інвестиціями на регіональному та місцевому рівнях. Обгрунтовані теоретико-методичні засади оцінювання ефективності управління інве-стиціями. Оскільки йдеться про перехід до регульованої ринкової економіки, можна передбачити, що методо-логічно і практично постає досить складне питання взаємодії процесу планування інвестицій із ринковим ме-ханізмом, якому не притаманний плановий диктат. Тому роль планування має бути докорінно змінена таким чином, щоб воно не тиснуло і не заважало розвиткові ринкових відносин в інвестиційному комплексі. Запропо-новано напрями підвищення результативності використання важелів управління інвестиціями в умовах не-стабільного середовища. Зроблено висновок, що важелі стабілізаційної політики працюють не тільки в періоди кризи, а й у випадках необхідності закріплення досягнутого рівня розвитку, підтримки загальної еко-номічної рівноваги за повної зайнятості, стійкого зростання економіки, стабільного рівня цін і збалансованого платіжного балансу, запобігання небажаного виходу параметрів економіки за допустимі межі через вплив на сукупний попит чи сукупну продукцію. Зокрема, підвищення результативності управління економічної політики має проводитися в розрізі цільового, функціонального та ресурсного підходів.
Doing Hijrah Through Music: A Religious Phenomenon Among Indonesian Musician Community
Authors: Qomaruzzaman Bambang , Busro Busro
Published: October 2021

This paper studies the variants of hijrah movements among Muslim youths in Bandung, Indonesia, in responding music. Hijrah (to migrate spiritually) was first interpreted as abandoning the past sinful life into the path of Islam. In its development, it is defined as leaving behind “un-Islamic” activities, including music. The latter meaning of hijrah conveys to ex-musicians performing hijrah to completely abandon music and even destroys their musical instruments. Among hijrah groups, Gerakan Pemuda Hijrah conveys the detrimental effects of music for Islamic morality and faith. For them, music will drive Muslims to the jāhilīyah (ignorance), shirk (polytheism) and bid‘ah (innovation/heresy). Amidst this situation, Komunitas Musisi Mengaji (KOMUJI) emerges to practicing hijrah by performing musical activities and even employing “musicking” as a way to attain the true path of Islam. This paper reveals the different views of those groups concerning music and hijrah, as well as shows an alternative path amid Islamism and globalization.
Identifikasi dan Penetapan Kadar Alkaloid Kinin Ekstrak Kulit Batang Kina (Cinchona succirubra) secara KLT Spektrofotodensitometri
Authors: Pramesti Ni Kadek Ayu , Putri Ni Putu Vyra Ginanti , Dewi Ida Ayu Mas Laksmi , Moreira Mirilia Vital , Antarini Lupu Rina
Published: October 2021

Kulit batang kina (Cinchona succirubra Cortex) merupakan salah satu bagian tanaman yang menghasilkan metabolit sekunder yaitu alkaloid berupa kinin dan memiliki aktifitas farmakologi. Selain kandungan kinin, dalam kulit batang kina juga terdapat berbagai senyawa kimia lainnya, yakni kinidin, sinkonin, dan sinkonidin. Adanya kandungan senyawa lain dapat mengurangi efek farmakologi yang dihasilkan oleh kinin bahkan dapat saling meniadakan satu sama lain. Pemilihan metode pemisahan dan isolasi yang tepat merupakan faktor penting yang akan mempengaruhi kemurnian senyawa tunggal yang diperoleh. Ekstraksi dengan metode sokletasi, identifikasi golongan dengan metode screening fitokimia. Fraksinasi dengan metode esktraksi cair-cair dan kromatografi vakum cair. Isolasi dengan metode kromatografi preparatif dan metode KLT-Spektrofotodensitometri. Ekstraksi sokletasi didapat filtrat dengan warna coklat kemerahan. Skrining fitokimia hasil positif golongan triterpenoid dan alkaloid. Ekstraksi cair-cair didapat hasil fraksi air, fraksi etil asetat I dan fraksi etil asetat II. KLT dan identifikasi pereaksi kimia hasil positif mengandung kinin pada fraksi etil asetat II. Kromatografi lapis tipis preparatif (KLT-P) dan isolasi senyawa dengan metode KLT-Spektrofotodensitometri sampel positif mengandung kinin. Penetapan kadar total kinin dalam standar kinin menghasilkan nilai rata - rata % recovery yaitu 100,442 % dan kadar total kinin dalam subfraksi KLT-P I dan II secara berturut-turut menghasilkan kadar sebesar 0,402612 mg dan 0,155830 mg.
Aktivitas Antibakteri Yogurt Susu Phaseolus vulgaris L. dan Phaseolus radiatus L. dengan Penambahan Madu terhadap E. coli, S. aureus, dan Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL)
Authors: Iif Hanifa Nurrosyidah  , Kusumastuti Amriyati Fitriana , Rahmadani Dimas Candra , Kusumastuti Erdina
Published: October 2021

Infeksi merupakan penyakit yang menjadi masalah kesehatan di seluruh dunia termasuk Indonesia. Saat ini probiotik banyak dikembangkan untuk mengatasi atau mencegah berbagai penyakit, salah satunya yaitu infeksi. Penelitian ini dilakukan uji aktivitas antibakteri pada yogurt susu kacang merah dan kacang hijau dengan madu terhadap bakteri Escherichia​ coli​, Staphylococcus​ aureus, Extended spectrum β -lactamase​​ (ESBL), dan Methicillin​ resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) dengan metode cakram. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan diperoleh aktivitas antibakteri dari yogurt tersebut adalah sedang sampai kuat.
Studi Retrospektif Gambaran Resistensi Bakteri terhadap Antibiotik
Authors: Sukertiasih Ni Kadek , Megawati Fitria , Meriyani Herleeyana , Sanjaya Dwi Arymbhi
Published: October 2021

Menurut Center for Disease Control and Prevention resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik masih menjadi masalah kesehatan global. Tingginya angka kejadian resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik maka perlu dilakukan suatu upaya pengendalian penggunaan antibiotik. Pengendalian penggunaan antibiotik bertujuan memberikan informasi pola penggunaan antibiotik lebih bijak yang dapat dilakukan dengan cara audit jumlah penggunaan antibiotik di rumah sakit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran persentase resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan deskriptif. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara restrospektif dari data peta kuman pada periode 2019 – 2020. Penelitian ini di lakukan di Rumah Sakit Umum Pemerintah di Denpasar. Sampel penelitian ini adalah data peta kuman periode 2019- 2020.  Hasil penelitian ini  bakteri Gram-positif, Gram-negatif, tiga bakteri penyebab infeksi terbanyak pada bakteri  Gram-positif yaitu Staphylococus Coagulase Negatif (43%), Enterococus. sp (10%), Staphylococcus aureus (36%). Dan pada bakteri Gram-negatif yaitu Escherichia coli (32%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12%) dan Klebsiella pneumoniae (12%).  Pada bakteri Gram-positif antibiotik yang masih dapat di rekomendasikan untuk terapi yaitu antibiotik ampisilin sulbaktam, siprofloksasin dan levofloksasin. Sedangkan pada bakteri Gram-negatif antibiotik yang masih dapat di rekomendasikan untuk terapi yaitu Sefoperason Sulbaktam dan Sefepim
Formulasi Spray Gel Minyak Atsiri Kayu Cendana (Santalum album L.)
Authors: Cendana Yeni , Adrianta Ketut Agus , Suena Ni Made Dharma Shantini
Published: October 2021

Secara empiris Cendana (Santalum album L.) digunakan sebagai antidepresan, antiinflamasi, antijamur, astringent, obat penenang, insektisida, dan antiseptik. Penggunaan tanaman obat dapat ditingkatkan kenyamanannya dengan memformulasikan dalam bentuk sediaan obat. Salah satu sediaan topikal yang cocok untuk inflamasi adalah spray gel. Sediaan spray ini lebih praktis dalam penggunaannya dan juga lebih aman sebab tingkat kontaminasi mikroorganisme lebih rendah karena penggunaannya yang disemprotkan tanpa kontak langsung dengan tangan seperti halnya sediaan topikal lainnya. Konsistensi gel yang memiliki daya lekat cukup tinggi membuat waktu kontak obat yang relatif lebih lama dibanding sediaan lainnya. Pada pembuatan spray gel dengan kandungan minyak atsiri diperlukan adanya emulsifying agent. Carbopol sebagai emulsifying agent yang dipilih dalam formulasi spray gel minyak atsiri cendana, akan dapat menstabilkan zat aktif berbentuk minyak dalam basis berair dengan cara menurunkan tegangan permukaan fase air dan fase minyak. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian laboratorium murni dengan observasional eksperimental. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan skala pengamatan dan pengukuran. Pengamatan diakukan terhadap organoleptik dan homogenitas sediaan, serta pengukuran dilakukan terhadap pH, pola penyemprotan, daya sebar lekat dan stabilitas mekanik. Dilakukan analisis statistik terhadap data hasil uji bobot pola penyemprotan dan dilanjutkan dengan uji independent t-test. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa formulasi spray gel minyak atsiri kayu cendana (Santalum album L.) dengan variasi carbopol 0,1% (F1) memiliki pola penyemprotan yang baik, dan dengan carbopol 0,3% (F2) memiliki daya lekat yang baik.
COVID-19: Impact on prescribing and antimicrobial resistance
Authors: Ruiz-Garbajosa Patricia , Cantón Rafael ,   Servicio de Microbiología. Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal and Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS). Madrid. Spain
Published: October 2021

The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic challenged healthcare systems focusing their activity on patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Previous experience with co-infections and superinfections in patients infected with other coronaviruses (SARS-CoV and MERS), the influenza patients admitted to hospitals and prevention of the unknown led to the increased empirical use of broad-spectrum antibiotics in hospitals. The breakdown of antimicrobial stewardship and infection control programs determine an increase in infections due to multidrug-resistant bacteria, particularly in intensive care units. Most of these infections are related to high-risk carbapenemase-producing clones and occasionally with resistance to new β-lactam-β-lactamase inhibitor combinations. On the contrary, in the primary care, there has been a decrease in the use of antimicrobials during the first wave, although it would not have had a significant impact on pathogens associated with community-acquired infections. The accumulated experience reaffirms the need to maintain antimicrobial stewardship and infection control programs in future health crises.