bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unamuno y Anita Brenner
Authors: San Jose Vázquez Eduardo
Published: May 2024

El artículo estudia la relación entre Miguel de Unamuno y la escritora mexicana Anita Brenner, ocupándose de su intercambio epistolar entre 1929 y 1930 y de la visita que la escritora le hizo en España en 1930. El análisis comprueba la influencia del concepto unamuniano de «intrahistoria» en la obra de la autora mexicana. Al mismo tiempo, el estudio de la presencia de Unamuno en las crónicas españolas de Brenner de 1933 a 1937 permite revisar la cronología del giro reaccionario del autor durante la Segunda República. El artículo se completa con un anexo fotográfico.
Unamuno ante la crítica feminista: el caso de La Tía Tula
Authors: Garrido Ardila J. A.
Published: May 2024

La tía Tula de Unamuno ha dado pie a interpretaciones diversas, amén de incompatibles. Si bien una parte de sus exégetas la ha presentado como obra de evidente feminismo, otros han argüido justo lo contrario. Las proclamaciones de su supuesto feminismo se han basado en la apreciación de elementos feministas puntuales hallados en pasajes desperdigados por todo lo largo de la novela. Este artículo procura zanjar la disputa sometiendo La tía Tula a una teoría del feminismo en toda su extensión. A tal fin hemos recurrido a la definición del feminismo elaborada por Deborah Cameron y publicada en 2018. Nuestro análisis deja demostrada la improcedencia de calificar de feministas La tía Tula y a su personaje principal. A ello añadimos una nueva lectura de esta novela: al igual que otras obras de su autor –como Amor y pedagogía, Niebla y San Manuel–, en La tía Tula se trata la naturaleza del amor y en especial del amor espiritual. La protagonista encarna dos modelos humanos: 1) El modelo de castidad mariano que la convierte en una virgen madre a semejanza de Santa María. 2) El modelo de amor espiritual y eterno ajeno al «imperio del deseo [carnal]».
PÂNTANOS ALIMENTARES E A DISPONIBILIDADE DE PRODUTOS ULTRAPROCESSADOS NO AMBIENTE ALIMENTAR DE VAREJO EM UMA CIDADE DE BAIXA RENDA NO BRASIL
Authors: Almeida Nykholle Bezerra , Costa Gabriel Marx Assunção , Vidal Nicole Almeida Conde , Aragão Luan Santos de , Menezes Risia Cristina Egito de , Longo-Silva Giovana , Silveira Jonas Augusto Cardoso da
Published: May 2024

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a formação de pântanos alimentares e a disponibilidade de alimentos ultraprocessados (AUP) em um município brasileiro de baixa renda. Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado em Rio Largo/AL entre 09/2017 e 10/2018. Os pontos de venda de alimentos (PVA) foram identificados por meio de auditoria em todas as ruas do município e classificados em saudáveis (S), mistos (M) e não saudáveis (NS). Utilizou-se o instrumento Nutrition Environment Measurement Survey for Stores (NEMS-S), adaptado e validado para o Brasil. Foram construídos mapas temáticos com a distribuição, a densidade (kernel) e a aglomeração (análise do vizinho mais próximo) dos diferentes PVA. Dos 574 comércios avaliados, 63% foram classificados como PVA-NS. Apesar do alto grau de espalhamento, os PVA-NS apresentaram maior grau de aglomeração espacial. Apesar da presença constante de PVA-NS, a maior disponibilidade de AUP ocorreu nos PVA-M, onde 45,6% destes tinham entre 75-100% dos itens do NEMS-S. Portanto, a análise do ambiente alimentar de varejo demonstrou que a cidade oferecia pouco suporte para escolhas alimentares saudáveis, dada a predominância de territórios caracterizados por pântanos alimentares. Ainda, identificamos elevada disponibilidade de AUP nos PVA , especialmente nos PVA-M.
EFETIVIDADE DAS ESTRATÉGIAS DE EDUCAÇÃO ALIMENTAR E NUTRICIONAL EM ADULTOS: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Leão Graciele CristinaSilva , Corrêa Paula Nascente Rocha Mendes , Lemos Moisés Fernandes , Lucchese Roselma
Published: May 2024

Introdução: Práticas alimentares inadequadas são consideradas fator de risco para doenças crônicas e a Educação Alimentar e Nutricional (EAN) tem se mostrado como estratégia efetiva para a adoção de hábitos alimentares saudáveis. Objetivou-se sistematizar o conhecimento científico acerca da efetividade de estratégias de educação alimentar e nutricional em adultos. Métodos: Realizou-se busca de artigos em maio de 2022 nas bases de dados Science Direct, PubMed e Periódicos Capes, com os descritores controlados em saúde: "Food and nutrition education" AND "effectiveness" AND "adult", publicados nos últimos cinco anos. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 18 artigos e verificou-se que as intervenções implementadas foram 83% efetivas (n=15), 11% parcialmente efetivas (n=2) e 6% promissora (n=1).  Ações multicomponentes, com abordagens psicológicas, comportamentais e práticas, aliadas ao uso de tecnologia se mostraram efetivas. Conclusão: Faz-se necessária a continuidade de ações de educação alimentar e nutricional bem como políticas públicas de acesso alimentar bem estruturadas a fim de que as recomendações nutricionais sejam seguidas.
ANÁLISE DOS INDICADORES DA POLÍTICA ESTADUAL DE PROMOÇÃO DA SAÚDE (POEPS) DE MINAS GERAIS
Authors: Campos Daniela Souzalima , Zocratto Keli Bahia Felicíssimo , Moreira Conceição Aparecida , Abreu Mery Natali Silva , Souza Priscila Silvia Nunes , Camargos Mirela  Castro Santos , Campos Katia Ferreira Costa , Almeida Vanessa de
Published: May 2024

A Política Estadual de Promoção da Saúde (POEPS-MG), instituída para apoiar os municípios na oferta e organização de ações de Promoção da Saúde no âmbito da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), teve como estratégia de implantação a criação de incentivo financeiro, condicionada ao cumprimento dos indicadores (I-realizar ações de práticas corporais e/ou atividades físicas; II- realizar atividades coletivas de Educação em Saúde; III- implementar o Programa Saúde na Escola (PSE); IV- realizar registro do consumo alimentar crianças menores de 2 anos; e V- realizar o acompanhamento das condicionalidades de saúde das famílias beneficiárias no Programa Bolsa Família). Estudo transversal, de abordagem quantitativa, com objetivo de avaliar o comportamento dos indicadores desta política (2016 a 2019). Resultados apontaram melhoria dos indicadores, com períodos de diminuição dos percentuais de alcance das metas, sinalizando descontinuidade político-administrativa e de organização da APS, como possível influenciadora neste comportamento. A cobertura de equipes da Estratégia Saúde da Família esteve relacionada com maior alcance dos resultados, quando comparada com a cobertura das equipes de Atenção Básica. A presença de Núcleo Ampliado de Saúde da Família e Atenção Básica (NASF-AB) esteve associada ao cumprimento da maioria dos indicadores, além do maior grau de implementação da POEPS-MG.
ANÁLISE DOS DESLOCAMENTOS TRANSFRONTEIRIÇOS POR SAÚDE NO BRASIL MEDIANTE O USO DE GEOTECNOLOGIAS
Authors: Blanco Adriana Dennise Rodríguez , Porto Bruno Lofrano , Gurgel Helen
Published: May 2024

Com o intuito de compreender a dinâmica transfronteiriças de fluxos migratórios relacionados à saúde, buscou-se investigar os deslocamentos por motivos de saúde que envolveram cidades brasileiras localizadas dentro da faixa de fronteira e países vizinhos. Para isso, foram utilizados dados da pesquisa REGIC (Região de Influência das Cidades), de 2018, que descreve pares de cidades (uma brasileira e uma internacional) em que houve deslocamentos por motivos de saúde. Os dados foram tratados e organizados com subsídio de geotecnologias (QGIS e Google Earth Pro) para criação de indicadores e um mapa síntese. Observou-se que a Região Sul é a região brasileira com maior número de conexões internacionais de migração por saúde (39), enquanto as regiões centro-oeste e norte apresentaram aproximadamente metade desse valor (19 cada). Os países vizinhos que mais estão envolvidos nesse fenômeno são Argentina, Paraguai e Uruguai que são membros fundadores do MERCOSUL) (e a Bolívia). Uma outra constatação foi que os dados públicos atualmente disponíveis sobre descolamento nas fronteiras por motivo de saúde não permitem realizar uma análise detalhada dos descolamentos transfronteiriços para acesso aos serviços de saúde, impactando na construção de subsídios para implementação de políticas públicas e planejamento mais específicos do SUS para essa temática.
DESASTRES NATURAIS E SAÚDE: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMATIZADA DE LITERATURA
Authors: Oliver Sofia Lizarralde , Santana Keila Valente de Souza de , Ribeiro Helena
Published: May 2024

RESUMO
É importante entender a interação entre desastres naturais e saúde pública sob o olhar da geografia, visando redução do risco, função essencial da saúde pública. Objetivo: identificar vazios conceituais na interação desastres naturais e saúde pública. Método: revisão sistematizada de literatura, com busca no PubMed®, biblioteca virtual de literatura biomédica, utilizando os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS/MeSH): “desastres naturais” e “saúde”. O critério de inclusão foi a presença de ambos descritores no título, resumo ou palavras-chave e, os critérios de exclusão, a ausência de ambas as palavras ou a presença de uma única.  Através do método de identificação, seleção, elegibilidade e inclusão dos estudos, os trabalhos foram organizados em tabela e analisados. Resultados: Foram encontrados seis estudos, destes cinco atenderam aos critérios e foram analisados. Desastres climáticos foram os mais recorrentes nos estudos, entretanto à luz de relatórios oficiais os hidrológicos são os que causam maior número de vítimas. A produção na área da saúde sobre o tema desastres ainda é recente e escassa. A Geografia pode ter um importante papel na interconexão entre os dois temas. A revisão sistematizada de literatura é uma ferramenta para subsidiar a necessidade de estudos no tema.
EXPLORANDO A CONEXÃO ENTRE PARQUES URBANOS E BEM-ESTAR NA CIDADE DO RECIFE-PE
Authors: Bezerra Anselmo César Vasconcelos , Silva Carlos Eduardo Menezes da
Published: May 2024

Os parques urbanos desempenham um papel crucial no equilíbrio ambiental e na promoção da saúde. Este estudo, realizado na cidade do Recife entre 2019 e 2020, investigou a associação entre variáveis relacionadas ao uso de parques urbanos e a autopercepção da saúde física e mental dos usuários. Com 1082 questionários aplicados em oito parques, a análise dos dados, realizada por meio de modelos de regressão logística ordinal no Stata e Intelecttus, revelou que o perfil dos usuários e os padrões de uso dos parques estão positivamente correlacionados com o bem-estar. Os resultados indicam que os visitantes dos parques têm renda mensal e nível de escolaridade superiores à média da cidade. A percepção positiva da saúde física e mental foi evidenciada, com 50,82% considerando sua saúde mental como boa e 43,56% avaliando positivamente a saúde física. Além disso, 33,79% relataram um nível de estresse considerado bom nas últimas duas semanas.A prática de atividades físicas mostrou-se associada a uma percepção mais positiva da saúde física, aumentando as chances em 44,24% em comparação com aqueles que não se exercitam. A percepção favorável do nível de estresse também contribuiu para uma melhor avaliação da saúde mental entre os usuários. Esses resultados destacam a importância dos parques urbanos na promoção da saúde e oferecem um diagnóstico sobre o perfil dos usuários, informando a gestão dessas áreas e o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas intertesetoriais.
Frames dos jovens agricultores familiares no Brasil
Authors: Cadona Marco André , Tirelli Claudia , Muller Marieli Elena
Published: May 2024

No artigo colocamos em questão a construção dos frames de ação coletiva da juventude vinculada à agricultura familiar no Brasil. Tomamos como referência empírica os Festivais Nacionais da Juventude Rural, coordenados pela Confederação Nacional dos Trabalhadores Rurais Agricultores e Agricultoras Familiares (CONTAG). E nos perguntamos sobre as inovações e as continuidades nos quadros de referências que mobilizaram a juventude vinculada à agricultura familiar num contexto de crise do padrão neodesenvolvimentista implementado pelos governos liderados pelo Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT) e de ascensão, no executivo nacional, de uma frente política neoliberal, de direita e ultraconservadora, com a eleição de Jair Bolsonaro, em 2018. Ao final, indicamos que a demanda por políticas públicas, comprometidas com o direito de os jovens permanecerem no meio rural, mantém-se como uma referência significativa e estratégica da ação coletiva dos jovens agricultores familiares.
Disputas territoriales por la naturaleza en la Alta Amazonía ecuatoriana
Authors: Uribe-Taborda Saúl Fernando
Published: May 2024

La expansión del capitalismo neoliberal, así como la imposición de los valores del sistema capitalista, llevan consigo el reordenamiento de los Estados, de bloques económicos a nivel mundial, de aparatos jurídicos y de la organización espacial. En Ecuador, el reordenamiento del espacio responde a los diversos proyectos que el Estado considera necesarios para el crecimiento económico y la modernización de los sectores productivos, entre ellos: petróleo, minería, hidroeléctricas y deforestación. En su conjunto, esta serie de obras tienen como objetivo generar redes de intercambio comercial y ejercer control en zonas que se encuentran en la periferia; pero que, al mismo tiempo, constituyen el centro de la economía capitalista. El presente trabajo presenta una serie de reflexiones sobre las disputas territoriales que se dan en el reordenamiento del espacio amazónico, dividido en cuatro acápites: el primero, discute la relación del capital y la encrucijada de los pueblos amazónicos; el segundo, aborda la función del Estado y los pueblos indígenas amazónicos; el tercero, retoma la discusión sobre el capital y la tensión sociedad-naturaleza; y el cuarto presenta un análisis sobre la precarización del trabajo y los pueblos indígenas amazónicos.
DESAIN IMPLEMENTASI MODUL GSM (GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR MOBILE COMMUNICATION) DALAM MONITORING POLUSI UDARA SEBAGAI FAKTOR PEMANASAN GLOBAL
Authors: Fountain Michael Jeremy
Published: May 2024

Global warming terjadi karena polusi udara dengan tingginya kadar karbon monoksida (CO) sehingga dapat memengaruhi tingkat suhu dan kelembapan. Dinas lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Provinsi Jawa Tengah memiliki alat sensor dan metode untuk memantau tingkat kualitas udara namun sistem kerja alat tersebut belum terkoneksi dengan jaringan internet dan mengharuskan petugas melakukan pengaktifan alat dan input data secara manual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat dan melihat kinerja sistem transmisi yang lebih efisien dalam pengambilan dan pengiriman data dengan melihat tingkat Error Rate, Delay, dan RSSI dari modul transmisi. Untuk itu dibuatlah desain dengan konsep dasar menggunakan modul GSM berbasis teknologi seluler 2G untuk memantau dan mengirimkan hasil data suhu dan kelembapan dengan sensor DHT-22 dan gas CO dengan sensor GM-702B menuju Database. Dalam proses pengujian  transmisi data ke database diperoleh hasil rata-rata gas CO di Ngesrep bernilai 0.09 ppm dan di Kota Lama bernilai 0.73 ppm. Rata-rata suhu dan kelembapan di Ngesrep bernilai 29.9°C dan 71.03%, sementara di Kota Lama, nilainya adalah 35.1°C dan 52.1%. Tingkat kerusakan data bernilai 0 % di Ngesrep dan 2,56 % di Kota Lama serta tingkat kegagalan pengiriman data bernilai 3,44 % di Ngesrep dan 5,12 % di Kota Lama. Beserta dengan nilai RSSI di antara 31 – 28, tenaga yang dibutuhkan sekitar 1 – 2 Watt, dan latensi sekitar 40 sampai 50 detik.
Invasive plants in North America: a view from Ukraine
Authors: Mosyakin Andriy S.
Published: May 2024

A biogeographical approach requires studying invasive plants within their native and synanthropic ranges, which has implications for the general theory of invasiveness and prediction/prevention of invasions. Many plant species native to Eastern Europe, and Ukraine in particular, are currently invasive elsewhere, including North America. However, ‘weed exchange’ between North America and Eastern Europe remains insufficiently studied, as well as its ecological factors. A preliminary assessment and analysis have been made of lists of plant species officially recognized as invasive in the US and Canada (national and state/province levels) and native to Ukraine. There are at least 120 such species, including 84 most important taxa shortlisted for the analysis. Some of them belong to taxonomically complicated groups (species of Euphorbia, Centaurea, Vincetoxicum etc.) and are among worst invaders (species of Centaurea, Lepidium, Euphorbia, Lythrum etc.). Families Asteraceae and Poaceae are most numerously represented (16.7% and 10.7%, respectively). A research overview for a comprehensive analysis of native Ukrainian plants considered invasive in North America is outlined, including aspects of their ecology, taxonomy, geography, patterns of invasions and invasiveness factors (based on phytoindication approaches and climatic models), and possible implications for biocontrol.
Broadening the mind: how emerging neurotechnology is reshaping HCI and interactive system design
Authors: Schneegass Christina , Wilson Max L. , Shaban Jwan , Niess Jasmin , Chiossi Francesco , Mitrevska Teodora , Woźniak Paweł W.
Published: May 2024

People are increasingly eager to know more about themselves through technology. To date, technology has primarily provided information on our physiology. Yet, with advances in wearable technology and artificial intelligence, the current advent of consumer neurotechnology will enable users to measure their cognitive activity. We see an opportunity for research in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) in the development of these devices. Neurotechnology offers new insights into user experiences and facilitates the development of novel methods in HCI. Researchers will be able to create innovative interactive systems based on the ability to measure cognitive activity at scale in real-world settings. In this paper, we contribute a vision of how neurotechnology will transform HCI research and practice. We discuss how neurotechnology prompts a discussion about ethics, privacy, and trust. This trend highlights HCI’s crucial role in ensuring that neurotechnology is developed and utilised in ways that truly benefit people.
Design, characterization and performance evaluation of a laboratory-scale continuous reactor for sono-Fenton treatment of simulated wastewater
Authors: Akram Mahjabeen , Mallick Abhyuday , Sarkar Debasish , Chakrabarti Sampa
Published: May 2024

A laboratory scale continuous flow stirred tank reactor (CFSTR) has been developed for ultrasound-assisted Fenton degradation of Rhodamine B dye in simulated wastewater and its performances have been studied in the present work. The sono-reactor was made of glass, 6 cm in diameter and 17.5 cm in height; fitted with a cooling water jacket. The volume was about 0.4 L and the flow rate of dye solution was 20 mL min−1. Ultrasound was provided with a 120 W probe-type sonicator. The hydrodynamic characteristics were studied by RTD studies and CFD analysis in COMSOL Multiphysics software. The CFD analysis showed the reactor to be behaving like a CSTR with bypassing leading to a short residence time. The optimum treatment conditions in this reactor for degrading Rhodamine B solution were determined using Response Surface Methodology. A model equation correlating the decolorization percentage with the initial dye concentration, H2O2 and Fe2+ dosage (Fenton’s reagent) was developed which can predict the decolorization with a high degree of accuracy. Under optimum conditions, the percent decolorization was 55 and the corresponding COD removal was 15 %. A continuous sono-Fenton reactor, if scaled up properly, can be useful for degradation of dark coloured refractory organics in wastewater where photo-Fenton reaction is ineffective.
Groups of profinite type and profinite rigidity
Authors: Bar-On Tamar , Nikolov Nikolay
Published: May 2024

We say that a group 𝐺 is of profinite type if it can be realized as a Galois group of some field extension.
Using Krull’s theory, this is equivalent to 𝐺 admitting a profinite topology.
We also say that a group of profinite type is profinitely rigid if it admits a unique profinite topology.
In this paper, we study when abelian groups and some group extensions are of profinite type or profinitely rigid.
We also discuss the connection between the properties of profinite type and profinite rigidity to the injectivity and surjectivity of the cohomology comparison maps, which were studied by Sury and other authors.
Gaming the Data. How the Finnish School Audit Saved the Profession from New Public Management
Authors: Turunen Jaakko
Published: May 2024

Dynamics connected to professionalization are often analysed from an individual perspective highlighting individual professionals’ struggle for recognition as a professional. This paper looks at the organizational context and its effects on teachers’ professional status in the wake of NPM inspired reforms in Finland. Despite the quantitative nature of the Finnish school audit, the design of the evaluation presents a critical translation of the knowledge claims often made in New Public Management audits. By looking at the original research reports and discussions on the audit system, this paper shows how the Finnish school audit conceptualised education as a societal subsystem and school audit as a tool for linking education with other subsystems. The Finnish school audit produces data for educational policy development and the teachers’ own use. The article suggests that maintaining occupational professionalism requires both the presence of knowledge for professional application and the absence of knowledge yielding to market or managerial interference.
Growth hormone therapy does not impact the development of intracranial hypertension in children with Chiari malformation
Authors: Krasnow Matthew D. , McGuirk Liam , Alexandrov Alice , Naparst Monica , Patale Tara , Mehta Shilpa , Noto Richard
Published: May 2024

Objectives

Patients with Chiari malformation (CM) are prone to a variety of neurological sequelae, including benign intracranial hypertension (BIH). In these patients, BIH is attributed to impaired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow due to anatomical abnormalities of the posterior fossa. Occasionally, patients with CM may require growth hormone therapy (GHT), which can increase the production of CSF. It is thought that patients with CM who undergo GHT are at high risk of BIH-associated symptoms (BIHAS). We describe the incidence of neurological symptoms in 34 patients with CM before and during GHT.

Methods

The database of a pediatric endocrinology center was queried for patients with CM who received GHT from 2010–22. Records were reviewed for adverse events. Demographic and radiological data were collected and analyzed. Patients with neoplastic disease, active inflammation, or acute trauma were excluded. CM diagnoses were independently assigned by a neuroradiology department. Patients were grouped based on the presence and nature of symptoms before and during GHT. Relationships between starting dose/BMI and occurrence of BIHAS/all GHT-associated symptoms were evaluated.

Results

GHT was not associated with new-onset or worsening of preexisting BIHAS in 33 out of 34 patients with CM. Five complex patients continued to have preexisting BIHAS, which did not worsen. Of the four patients who developed new-onset BIHAS during GHT, three patients’ symptoms were attributed to other medical conditions. No patient permanently discontinued GHT due to BIHAS.

Conclusions

Growth hormone therapy is likely a safe treatment in patients with Chiari malformation and is unlikely to cause BIHAS.
Beyond reproduction: unraveling the impact of sex hormones on cardiometabolic health
Authors: Xega Viktoria , Liu Jun-Li
Published: May 2024

This review thoroughly explores the multifaceted roles of sexual hormones, emphasizing their impact beyond reproductive functions and underscoring their significant influence on cardiometabolic regulation. It analyzes the broader physiological implications of estrogen, testosterone, and progesterone, highlighting their effects on metabolic syndrome, lipid metabolism, glucose homeostasis, and cardiovascular health. Drawing from diverse molecular, clinical, and therapeutic studies, the paper delves into the intricate interplay between these hormones and cardiometabolic processes. By presenting a comprehensive analysis that goes beyond traditional perspectives, and recognizing sexual hormones as more than reproductive agents, the review sheds light on their broader significance in health and disease management, advocating for holistic and personalized medical approaches.
Deep learning for optical tweezers
Authors: Ciarlo Antonio , Ciriza David Bronte , Selin Martin , Maragò Onofrio M. , Sasso Antonio , Pesce Giuseppe , Volpe Giovanni , Goksör Mattias
Published: May 2024

Optical tweezers exploit light–matter interactions to trap particles ranging from single atoms to micrometer-sized eukaryotic cells. For this reason, optical tweezers are a ubiquitous tool in physics, biology, and nanotechnology. Recently, the use of deep learning has started to enhance optical tweezers by improving their design, calibration, and real-time control as well as the tracking and analysis of the trapped objects, often outperforming classical methods thanks to the higher computational speed and versatility of deep learning. In this perspective, we show how cutting-edge deep learning approaches can remarkably improve optical tweezers, and explore the exciting, new future possibilities enabled by this dynamic synergy. Furthermore, we offer guidelines on integrating deep learning with optical trapping and optical manipulation in a reliable and trustworthy way.
A Burdensome Experiment: Race, Labor, and Schools in New Orleans after Katrina
Authors: Tompkins Christien Philmarc
Published: May 2024

In the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, the New Orleans public school board fired nearly 7,500 teachers and employees. In the decade that followed, the city created the first urban public school system in the United States to be entirely contracted out to private management. Veteran educators, collectively referred to as the “backbone” of the city’s Black middle class, were replaced by younger, less experienced, white teachers who lacked historical ties to the city. In A Burdensome Experiment, Christien Philmarc Tompkins argues that the privatization of New Orleans schools has made educators into a new kind of racialized worker. As school districts across the nation backslide on school integration, Tompkins asks, who exactly deserves to teach our children? The struggle over this question exposes the inherent antiblackness of charter school systems and the unequal burdens of school choice.
The Obligations of the Employer in the Implementation of Remote Work: The Examples of Slovakia, the Czech Republic and Poland
Authors: Giedrewicz-Niewińska Aneta , Križan Viktor , Komendová Jana
Published: May 2024

This text analyses the legal aspects of teleworking in Slovak labour law and remote working in Czech and Polish labour law. The text shows how Slovakia, the Czech Republic and Poland have used their experiences of employment during the COVID-19 pandemic in different ways. The basic difference is already apparent in the notions of remote working, teleworking and working from home. There are also some differences in the regulation of employers’ obligations related to the implementation of remote working. The legal regulation of remote working is in its formative stage, as evidenced by recent Polish and Czech labour-law changes. The analysis of the legal regulations of the three countries shows that remote working is a challenge. It is legitimate to analyse different legal solutions and share experiences between the countries. The text analyses the latest legal developments.
Remote Work Regulations in the EU, Poland and Kosovo with Some Considerations from the Perspective of the GDPR
Authors: Berisha Qerkin , Klich Aleksandra
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this article is to conduct a comparative analysis of remote work regulation in the EU, Poland and Kosovo, also with consideration of issues related to the processing of personal data during remote work. The authors aim to assess the specificities, strengths and weaknesses of both regulatory models, from the point of view of actual and future legal developments. Additionally, given the early stage of regulation, they seek to explore the applicability of EU experiences to Kosovo and to identify potential vulnerabilities that may arise under EU regulation. In this context, they aim to determine whether EU solutions should be considered as models for implementation in both Poland and Kosovo, as well as to analyse the risk of overregulation, which could impede certain employees from exercising their rights to remote work and potentially lead to inequalities in employment. The objective of the regulation should be to strike a balance between protecting personal data and ensuring equality in the workplace. Therefore, the authors try to answer the question of whether the protection of personal data could be subject to an abuse of rights by employers, who might use it as a pretext to deny certain groups of employees the opportunity to work remotely, which is particularly pertinent for individuals with special needs.
The Challenges of Algorithm Management: The Spanish Perspective
Authors: Prado Daniel Perez del
Published: May 2024

This paper focuses on how Spain’s labour and employment law is dealing with technological disruption and, particularly, with algorithm management, looking for a harmonious equilibrium between traditional structures and profound changes. It pays special attention to the different actors affected and the most recent normative changes.
Commercialization of the Results of Research Carried Out by Public University Employees Working Remotely: de lege lata and de lege ferenda Conclusions
Authors: Sieńczyło-Chlabicz Joanna Dorota
Published: May 2024

This study analyses the acquisition and commercialization of rights based on the results of scholarly activity carried out by employees of Polish public universities under the Act of 20 July 2018 – the Law on Higher Education and Science and their objects of commercialization. In addition, it is considered whether the institution of remote work introduced under the Act of 1 December 2022 amending the Labour Code and Some Other Acts is a tool that assists employees and universities in the process of the commercialization of knowledge in the digital age, facilitating the development of an innovative and entrepreneurial university, or, on the contrary, whether it may generate difficulties and costs for both parties to the employment relationship, i.e. the university as an employer and its employees.
U-Pb AGE AND MINERAL INCLUSIONS IN ZIRCON FROM DIAMOND-BEARING GARNET-PYROXENE ROCKS OF THE KUMDI-KOL MICRODIAMOND DEPOSIT
Authors: Ильин А.А. , Шацкий В.С. , Рагозин А.Л.
Published: May 2024

Представлены результаты исследования включений и определения U-Pb возраста в цирконе из алмазоносной гранат-пироксеновой породы месторождения метаморфогенных алмазов Кумды-Коль, расположенного в Кокчетавской субдукционно-коллизионной зоне. На основании распределения РЗЭ в гранате и клинопироксене были оценены давление (5.5 ± 0.3 ГПа) и температура (993 ± 24 ℃) равновесия, которые соответствуют полю стабильности алмаза. Состав минеральных включений в цирконе свидетельствуют о его формировании как на прогрессивной, так и на регрессивной стадиях метаморфизма. На диаграмме с конкордией фигуративные точки цирконов лежат на дискордии с верхним пересечением 1953 ± 139 млн лет и нижнем — 512 ± 4 млн лет. На графике плотностей распределения вероятности возрастов циркона основной пик отвечает возрасту 519 млн лет. Присутствие в цирконе включений гроссуляр-альмандинового граната подтверждает выдвинутое ранее предположение о том, что в качестве протолитов гранат-пироксеновых пород выступали породы фундамента Кокчетавского массива. Метаморфизм сверхвысоких давлений, включения в цирконе, U-Pb возраст, Кокчетавская субдукционно-коллизионная зона

The paper presents the results of studying inclusions and determining the U–Pb age in zircon from the diamond-bearing garnet–pyroxene rock of the Kumdi-Kol metamorphogenic diamond deposit, located in the Kokchetav subduction-collision zone. The distribution of rare earth elements in garnet and clinopyroxene is used as a basis for estimating the equilibrium pressure (5.5 ± 0.3 GPa) and temperature (993 ± 24 ℃), which correspond to the diamond stability field. The composition of mineral inclusions in zircon indicates its formation at both progressive and regressive stages of metamorphism. The concordia diagram shows that zircon figurative points lie on the discordia with an upper intersection at 1953 ± 139 Ma and a lower intersection at 512 ± 4 Ma. The main peak on the graph of the probability density distribution of zircon ages corresponds to an age of 519 Ma. The presence of grossular-almandine garnet inclusions in zircon confirms the previous assumption that the basement rocks of the Kokchetav massif act as protoliths of garnet-pyroxene rocks. Ultra-high pressure metamorphism, inclusions in zircon, U–Pb age, Kokchetav subduction-collision zone
Análisis de la deformación superficial del deslizamiento de tierra que afecta la localidad de Cuenca, Huancavelica, mediante datos de radar terrestre - GBSAR, imágenes de radar satelital del S1A/B y mediciones GPS
Authors: Anchivilca Valentín Renzo Isaac , Villegas Lanza Juan Carlos
Published: May 2024

Los deslizamientos de tierra en el Perú ocurren frecuentemente debido principalmente a factores condicionantes, tales como la pendiente y el tipo de suelo, así como factores desencadenantes, tales como las precipitaciones pluviales, terremotos e incluso la actividad humana. En este trabajo se emplearon técnicas geodésicas para caracterizar la deformación superficial de un deslizamiento localizado en Cuenca, Huancavelica, en la región central del Perú. Este deslizamiento viene afectando desde hace más de una década, no solamente a la infraestructura de dicha localidad, sino también vías de comunicación, campos de cultivo, entre otros, tal y como se observó en 2014 cuando un deslizamiento produjo el embalse del río Mantaro. Con ese propósito, se procesaron dos diferentes fuentes de datos de radar; la primera consiste en datos de imágenes de radar de apertura sintética (SAR) de la misión satelital Sentinel 1 (S1), y la segunda en datos de un radar terrestre denominado GBSAR (Ground Based SAR), el cual está ubicado a 630 metros frente al deslizamiento. Los datos analizados comprenden el periodo del 2019 al 2023, y fueron procesados con dos algoritmos que se emplean para generar interferogramas y series de tiempo: Frequency Domain Back Projection (FDBP) y Small Baseline Subset InSAR (SBAS InSAR). Los resultados de desplazamiento fueron validados con datos GPS obtenidos en 3 puntos de control ubicados en el área de estudio, para los cuales se observaron desplazamientos horizontales de hasta 12.5 mm y 12.6 mm en las estaciones CU17 y CU16, respectivamente. Los resultados muestran que los valores obtenidos con SBAS InSAR son muy similares a los valores GNSS registrados. Sin embargo, los resultados encontrados con esta técnica dependen de la línea de vista del satélite con respecto a la orientación del deslizamiento. Los valores obtenidos del GBSAR son físicamente más robustos en comparación con los datos GNSS, encontrando un desplazamiento de hasta 87.54 mm que se correlaciona temporalmente con el final de la temporada de lluvias. En conclusión, los sistemas GBSAR se consideran más apropiados para estudiar deslizamientos ya que, al poder alcanzar una línea de base cero y presentar una mayor tasa de adquisición de datos, pueden servir como una herramienta de monitoreo para detectar desplazamientos en deslizamientos de tierra.
Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Melanoma – Earlier is Better?
Authors: Urbonas Vincas , Dulskas Audrius , Baltruškevičienė Edita , Dabkevičienė Daiva
Published: May 2024

Administering checkpoint inhibition before surgery, known as neoadjuvant therapy, shows promise in treating bulky yet resectable melanomas, and researchers are investigating its potential in various other cancer types. This approach boasts a considerable success in high pathologic response rate, a factor directly linked to survival rates. The routine availability of biopsies presents a distinct chance to comprehend treatment responses. Neoadjuvant ICIs offer advantages like T cell expansion, treatment assessment through surgical specimens, and potential tumor size reduction for better surgical outcomes. However, further research is needed to optimize patient selection and treatment protocols.
Erratum noteThe abstract have been updated to reflect the correct information following a typographical error during typesetting. We apologize for any inconvenience caused by these errors. Below, you will find the corrected version. Corrections were made on 2024-09-01.
Updated Abstract Administering checkpoint inhibition before surgery, known as neoadjuvant therapy, shows promise in treating bulky yet resectable melanomas, and researchers are investigating its potential in various other cancer types. This approach boasts a considerable success in high pathologic response rate, a factor directly linked to survival rates. The routine availability of biopsies presents a distinct chance to comprehend treatment responses. Neoadjuvant ICIs offer advantages like T cell expansion, treatment assessment through surgical specimens, and potential tumor size reduction for better surgical outcomes. However, further research is needed to optimize patient selection and treatment protocols.
Around the Legal Concept of Revolution
Authors: Deprez Guillaume
Published: May 2024

The question of the legal concept of revolution is a multidisciplinary one that certainly requires an interest in law, philosophy, history and political science. However, in order to maintain a purely legal vision of the concept, the intersection of these disciplines may seem counterproductive to some. There seem to be two opposing ways of thinking about revolution in the legal sense. For the advocates of legal positivism, the working methodology must be entirely legal. In this sense, they follow the teachings of Hans Kelsen, who proposes to study the legal revolution from a legal point of view (1). In reaction to this vision and in order to fill its blind spots, others have preferred a material approach, reversing the formal analysis developed by the father of normativism (2). Considering these two schools of thought, diametrically opposed in many respects, the question arises: is there a middle way? Undoubtedly, it is in this third option that we can read the work of Bruce Ackerman and others. This typology allows us to sketch the methodological possibilities of a legal interpretation of the concept of revolution, without, however, being able to offer a new and completely fresh interpretation that is independent of the presuppositions presented in this article.
Does the European Union need a ‘Drought Directive’? A legal perspective
Authors: Jancewicz Katarzyna Aleksandra
Published: May 2024

With global warming progressing, droughts are anticipated to increase in frequency in the European Union. However, under the current EU legal framework, they remain on the margin of water management policies. To adapt to changing natural conditions, the Member States should take a more proactive approach to drought mitigation. The policy options on how to accelerate such a transition encompass the continuation of reliance on soft-law guidances, the amendment of the Water Framework Directive or the adoption of a ‘European Drought Directive’ – a new, up-to-date, all-encompassing legal instrument. This paper analyses those policy options from a legal perspective. It also exposes problems and benefits they can bring if and when pursued. As the Water Framework Directive remains ‘fit for purpose’, the priority shall be given to updating existing soft-law guidances and their translation into all official EU languages. However, there are strong arguments in favour of future legislative reform. This paper submits that a more proactive approach would conform more fully to EU primary law. Nevertheless, irrespective of the chosen policy option, coordination of drought mitigation and measures under existing EU water legislation at the river basin district level must be ensured.
Organisational Legal Measures for Preventing Epidemics in Daugavpils and Rēzekne Districts in the 1860s and 1870s.
Authors: Petlina Tetiana V.
Published: May 2024

The given article is dedicated to the topic of organizational-legal measures for combatting contagious diseases in the cities of Daugavpils (then Dinaburg) and Rēzekne (then Rezhytsa) in the 1860s and 70s, which is one of the earliest pages in the history of public health and epidemiology in Latvia. The author has grounded the given research upon the archival materials, upon which it was found that the said cities and their outskirts have survived a number of dangerous epidemics, which caused multiple victims. The legal foundation of the physicians’ and other officials’ activity in the field of combatting epidemics was the Doctor’s Statute (1857). The archival materials depicted that the aforementioned districts survived the epidemics of cholera in 1866, scarlet fever in 1876–1877, and smallpox in 1878–1879. The archival materials also illustrated that the physicians and other officials used to provide detailed reports on the epidemic situation within their respective districts, how they treated the patients and how they strived to find what was the cause of the epidemics. The reports of the district and town physicians frequently mentioned the lack of financial and material resources for combatting epidemics, as well as the lack of physicians, midwives, and paramedics in the appropriate districts, the necessity of district and village physicians to travel long distances for visiting patients and providing necessary medical assistance, as well as lack of swift communication and reporting between the physicians and other officials. It is also notable, that the diligence of the physicians was the key factor in combatting epidemic diseases since the district physicians played a pivotal role in safeguarding public health.
Multivariate statistical techniques for the evaluation of hydrogeochemical data from areas with chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDu) in Sri Lanka
Authors: HMAD Rathnayake , Nawarathna Lakshika S. , Chandrajith Rohana
Published: May 2024

Chronic Kidney Disease of unknown etiology (CKDu) ranked as one of the most attended public health issues in Sri Lanka. The etiology of the disease is believed to be environmentally induced as it appears in geographically discreet regions of the dry zone of Sri Lanka. Girandurukotte and Wilgamuwa are two regions where CKDu is more prevalent. This study performs a comparative analysis to separately identify the quantitative differences of hydrogeochemical parameters of groundwater samples consumed by the patients and non-patients in two regions. Besides, groundwater quality data of 421 wells from Girandurukotte and Wilgamuwa were used for the analysis. Out of 421 samples, 310 samples were collected from wells where patients were reported. Descriptive statistics, Correlation analysis and Factor analysis were performed. Results of comparative analysis conclude that means of iron (Fe) content in Wilgamuwa CKDu (371 μg/L) and non-CKDu (731μg/L) exceeds the WHO permissible limits. The mean ion content of F-, Cl-, NO3-, SO42- and Na+ in the water wells consumed by the CKDu patients in the Wilgamuwa region is higher in concentration than non-CKDu wells. Out of major elements, Mg2+, Ca2+, K+, Na+, NO3- and hardness contents are higher in Wilgamuwa CKDu wells compared to the Girandurukotte CKDu wells. Trace elements such as As, Cd, and Pb do not exceed the WHO recommended limits in both regions. Generally, except for Fe ion concentration, almost all the other ion concentrations are within the WHO recommended limits. Correlation analysis reveals that Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) is highly positively correlated with alkaline earth metals Mg2+ (0.93), Ca2+(0.86) and Sr2+(0.85) in Wilgamuwa CKDu water sources. Also, Electrical Conductivity (EC) is highly positively correlated with Ca2+(0.84), Ni (0.82) and Sr (0.81) in Wilgamuwa non-CKDu water sources. Factor analysis was applied to identify the chemical combinations in each cluster. Ni, Ca2+, Sr2+ and Mg2+ appear as a factor in Wilgamuwa non-CKDu water sources. Hence, alkaline earth metals are chemically associated and appear as a factor combination in Wilgamuwa non-CKDu water sources. Also, Alkalinity, Hardness, Ca2+ and Sr2+ were found as a factor in Ginnoruwa CKDu samples.
The species composition, diversity and regeneration status of Alamata woodlands, Tigray Regional State Northern Ethiopia–a descriptive analysis
Authors: Tesfaye Mehari A
Published: May 2024

Woody species composition, diversity and regeneration of Alamata woodland forest were evaluated and sampled using systematic random sampling techniques. Fifteen temporary sample plots of 20m x 20m (400 m2) each were established in the sampled woodland forest along altitudinal gradients 100m along plots. Three subplots, 5m x 5m were situated diagonally inside the 20m*20m one in the centre and edges for saplings, shrubs and seedlings data collection. Diameter at breast height (DBH) (cm) and height (m) were measured using a diameter tape and Haglöf Vertex IV Hypsometer. Woody species diversity, structure, important value index (IVI) and regeneration analyzed using appropriate formulas. Four tree species were found in the studied woodland forest. Most abundant tree species were Acacia seyal, Acacia etabaica and Balanites aegyptica, while the least abundant tree species was: - Acacia tortilis. The basal area (m2 ha-1) per plot basis (20m*20m) was ranged from 1.38 to 13.62, while the basal area for the sampled trees was ranged from 2.41 to 9.25. The volume for the sampled plots and trees were ranged from 5.91 to 46.11 and 10.58 to 41.25 m3 ha-1. The highest number of stems was recorded for Acacia seyal followed by Acacia etbaica. The lowest number of stems 43 N ha-1 were recorded for Acacia tortilis followed by Balanites aegyptica. The overall population distribution pattern of the targeted forest exhibited an inverted J - shaped distribution. Among the four sampled woody species in Alamata dry woodland forest regeneration was recorded for only two species Acacia etbaica and Balanites aegyptiaca, while others had no regeneration potential of seedlings and saplings. Better attention of development practitioners, policy makers and church communities may help to improve the woody species composition of this woodland forest and conservation role of Ethiopian dry woodland for carbon sequestration.