bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fungi colonizing and damaging different parts of some medicinal plants
Authors: Wielgusz Katarzyna , Seidler-Łożykowska Katarzyna
Published: July 2017

Introduction:Many fungal species infect medicinal plants during their cultivation, causing great damage to the yield and decreasing the quality of raw material.

Objective:Due to the increase in contamination of raw material and the damage caused by pathogenic fungi, the main species of medicinal plants cultivated in Poland were subject to the investigation.

Methods:In 2012–2014, an experiment was conducted on eight medicinal plant species breeding nurseries grown in the field in Plewiska. The following species and cultivars were investigated: lemon balm, peppermint, St. John’s wort cv. ‘Topaz’, lovage cv. ‘Amor’, valerian cv. ‘Polka’, caraway cv. ‘Kończewicki’, sweet basil cv. ‘Wala’, marjoram cv. ‘Miraż’.

Results:Fourteen species of eleven genera of pathogenic fungi were isolated from the investigated medicinal plants:Fusarium avenaceum, F. culmorum, F. equiseti, F. oxysporum, Botrytis cinerea, Alternaria alternata, Cladosporiumsp.,Rhizoctonia solani, Septoriasp.,Boeremia exiqua, Golovinomyces cichoracearum, Penicilliumsp.,Ramulariasp., andSclerotinia sclerotiorum.The most severe infection was caused byFusariumsp. andBotrytis cinerea. AlsoCladosporiumsp. (4 species),A. alternataandSeptoriasp. (3 species) infected plant tissue. Leaves and stems were the most infected parts of the tested plants. Lemon balm, lovage and valerian were the most infected species, while marjoram was infected only withFusariumsp.
Dynamics of serious pest ofMetopolophium dirhodum(Walk.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on shrubs ofRosa rugosaThunb.
Authors: Krzyżanowski Robert
Published: July 2017

Introduction:Rose grain aphid (Metopolophium dirhodumWalk.) is one of the most important pests on cereals in Poland. The economic importance of this pest has increased in recent years due to the increase in the area of maize cultivation.M. dirhodumis an oligophagic aphid feeding also on different rose species.

Objective:The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the dynamics of population ofM. dirhodumon the saltspray rose.

Methods:The studies were conducted on saltspray rose stands at Aleksandria Park in Siedlce in 2005–2009. At each selected stand, 50 rose shoots were observed every 7 days from March to spring migration of the aphid.

Results:First fundatrices of theM. dirhodumon theR. rugosawere observed at the end of March. The rose-grain aphid population development on the primary host during May, and reached maximum population in the middle of May. During autumn, the aphid backed for overwintering on the primary host.

Conclusion:While theM. dirhodumpopulation outbreaks, the aphid might be a serious pest of the saltspray rose.
Antioxidant activity and free radicals of roasted herbal materials
Authors: Wojtowicz Elżbieta , Krupska Aldona , Zawirska-Wojtasiak Renata
Published: July 2017

Introduction:Novel raw materials are being constantly searched for chicory coffee, which thanks to their specific composition can influence human health, thus promoting properties and of course the attractive aroma. Prior to their addition herbs – sea buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoidesL.), rowanberry (Sorbus aucupariaL.), lovage roots (Levisticum officinaleKoch) and dandelion (Taraxacum officinalecoll.) – are roasted, which may change their antioxidant properties and generate free radicals with pro-oxidative properties.

Objective: The characteristic of antioxidant activity of roasted herbal raw materials (sea buckthorn fruits, rowanberry, lovage roots and dandelion roots) for the production of chicory coffee and to determine the level of free radicals formed under the influence of roasting.

Methods:Total phenolic contents were determined before and after the roasting process using the Folin-Ciocalteu phenol reagent and antioxidant activity by ABTS and DPPH assays. Free radicals were examined using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy.

Results: The roasted materials were good sources of bioactive compounds, estimated at the total phenolic levels from 23.9 to 38.8 mg GAE/g. The highest antioxidant activity by ABTS and DPPH at 109.6 and 71.0 mg Tx/g was determined in roasted sea buckthorn. Free radicals were present in both the raw and roasted herbal materials. Roasted materials were characterised by markedly higher free radical concentrations when compared with the corresponding samples. The lowest free radical concentrations were recorded for roasted sea buckthorn fruits (0.031 × 1015spin/g).

Conclusion: Despite a high content of compounds with potent antioxidant activity, free radicals were present in novel roasted herbal materials. The formation of both antioxidant molecules and free radicals during the roasting process demonstrates that the two processes were not inversely related.
The Perception of Job-related Motivators When Choosing a Career in the Tourism and Hospitality Industry – A Comparative Study Between Polish and Spanish Students
Authors: Grobelna Aleksandra
Published: July 2017

The recent rapid growth of the tourism and hospitality industries raises a question about the quantity and quality of the workforce needed in these sectors. In the tourism/hospitality industry, where most services are delivered directly by employees, competitive advantage is primarily attained through people (employees), who are perceived as an integral component of tourism experience. This creates challenges for an industry suffering from high rates of staff turnover, especially of young employees who leave their jobs after graduation, choosing other career paths.

This study presents the job related motivators that students found important when considering their future careers, and investigates the extent to which those motivators can be found in the tourism and hospitality industry. Is the industry able to offer the motivators that will keep the employees willing to choose this particular path? We focus on two groups of potential employees – Polish and Spanish students. The study reveals that both groups generally do not believe that a career in the TH industry offered these motivating factors. We also contrast and compare both groups’ perceptions in this area.
A Comparative Preliminary Study on CT Contrast Attenuation Gradient Versus Invasive FFR in Patients with Unstable Angina
Authors: Orzan Marius , Dobra Mihaela , Chițu Monica
Published: July 2017

The aim of this preliminary study was to assess the effectiveness of transluminal contrast attenuation gradient (TAG) determined by computed tomographic angiography (CTA), for the evaluation of the functional significance of coronary artery stenoses in patients with acute coronary syndromes produced by vulnerable coronary plaques, and to demonstrate the correlation between this new parameter and the vulnerability markers of the culprit lesions.

Material and methods: This is a preliminary pilot study on 10 patients with acute coronary syndromes – unstable angina type, who underwent CTA for the assessment of coronary lesions, followed by invasive angiography and the determination of fractional flow reserve (FFR) prior to a revascularization procedure. Patients were divided into 2 groups, according to their FFR values: Group 1 consisted of 6 patients with an FFR value <0.8 (functionally significant lesion), and Group 2 consisted of 4 patients who presented an FFR value >0.8 (functionally non-significant lesion).

Results: FFR values were 0.64 ± 0.07, 95% CI: 0.5–0.7 in Group 1, and 0.86 ± 0.05, 95% CI: 0.7–0.9 in Group 2. Plaques associated with an FFR<0.8 presented a higher amount of plaque volume (192.7 ± 199.7 mm3 vs. 42.1 ± 27.3 mm3, p = 0.1), necrotic core (66.7 ± 72.9 mm3 vs. 10.0 ± 9.3 mm3, p = 0.1), and fibro-fatty tissue (29.7 ± 37.4 mm3 vs. 6.2 ± 3.8 mm3, p = 0.2). At the same time, TAG significantly correlated with the presence of a functionally significant lesion. Coronary lesions associated with low FFR presented significantly higher values of TAG along the plaque as compared with lesions with FFR values >0.8 (TAG values 22.1 ± 5.8 HU vs. 11.7 ± 2.5 HU, p = 0.01). Linear regression identified a significant correlation between TAG and FFR values as a measure of functional significance of the lesion (r = 0.7, p = 0.01).

Conclusions: Contrast attenuation gradient along the culprit lesion, determined by CTA, correlates with the FFR values and with CT markers of plaque vulnerability, indicating that the presence of vulnerability features inside a coronary plaque could increase the functional significance of a coronary lesion.
Antioxidant capacity and phenolic content of two Algerian Mentha species M. rotundifolia (L.) Huds, M. pulegium L., extracted with different solvents
Authors: Brahmi Fatiha , Dahmoune Farid , Kadri Nabil , Chibane Mohmed , Dairi Soufiane , Remini Hocine , Oukmanou-Bensidhoum Sonia , Mouni Lotfi , Madani Khodir
Published: July 2017

Background

It is important to consider the optimum conditions and processing factors (like solvent type) influencing activity of plant antioxidants for utilization in food and biological systems.

Methods

The antioxidant capacity and phenolic content of two Mentha species, namely, Mentha pulegium L. (MP) and Mentha rotundifolia (L.) Huds (MR), were studied and six solvent systems were used. The total antioxidant capacity of the mint species extracts was evaluated using phosphomolybdenum method and the free radical-scavenging capacity by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical-scavenging assay.

Results

The efficiency of the used solvents to extract phenols from the two species varied considerably. The highest total phenolic content was obtained from methanol extract of MP (25.3±1.3 mg GAE/gdw) and total flavonoid content from methanol extract of MR (10.1±0.1 mg QE/gdw). High phenol content was significantly correlated with high antioxidant capacity. The methanol extracts showed the highest radical scavenging activity. All the extracts showed variable antioxidant capacity by the formation of phosphomolybdenum complex. Acetone extract of MP and methanol extract of MR exhibited marked reducing power in this method.

Conclusions

Our findings identified the appropriate solvent for extracting MP and MR phenolics which might provide a rich source of natural antioxidants.
The Sensitivity and Specificity of Fine-Needle Aspiration in Thyroid Neoplasia
Authors: Georgescu Rareș , Oprea Adela Luciana , Contra Alexandra , Hanko Orsolya Bauer , Colcer Ioana , Coroș Marius Florin
Published: July 2017

Objective: To evaluate and demonstrate the accuracy of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) in thyroid lesions in our department and to highlight probable causes of errors leading to unsatisfactory sampling, which may depend on the characteristics of the nodule.

Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted on 319 diagnosed cases of thyroid nodules referred to the Surgery Unit of Puls hospital, Tîrgu Mureș in the January 2014 – December 2015 period, who underwent fine-needle aspiration. Histological examination was considered to be the gold standard; therefore we compared the cytological diagnosis with the histological one.

Results: Of the 319 cases, 289 (90.6%) were female and 30 (9.4%) male patients; 210 cases (69.3%) were interpreted as benign, 46 cases (15.2%) as follicular lesion of undetermined significance, 4 cases (1.3%) as suspect for malignancy, 1 case (0.3%) as malignant sampling, and 42 cases (13.9%) as unsatisfactory. We compared the results of fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) with the corresponding histopathological results (49 in total). FNAC achieved a sensitivity of 76.47%, a specificity of 83.1%, a positive predictive value of 35.1%, a negative predictive value of 96.7%, a false positive rate of 16.9%, a false negative rate of 23%, and an overall accuracy of 82.3%.

Conclusions: The results of our study demonstrate the accuracy of the FNA technique in the first-line diagnosis of thyroid nodules.
Effects of Viral and Bacterial Infections on Marginal Periodontium
Authors: Bukhari Csilla , Lazăr Luminița , Monea Adriana Maria , Vlasa Alexandru , Buka Imola Zsuzsa , Sabău Raluca , Kovács Mónika , Bereșescu Liana , Petcu Blanka , Pál Enikő
Published: July 2017

Background: There are several risk factors, general and local, which favor the onset of periodontal destruction, and their knowledge is essential to their correct identification and for the adoption of a suitable therapeutic management. The aim of the study was to assess periodontal health status of patients suffering from viral and bacterial infections and to determine the eventual relationship between periodontal diseases and infectious diseases.

Material and methods: Twenty-five patients with a mean age of 25 years (range 23–27 years) admitted to the Clinic of Infectious Diseases of Tîrgu Mureș between December 1, 2013 – May 31, 2014 and diagnosed with bacterial and viral infections were included in the study (17 women, 8 men). Eight were infected with bacteria, and 17 with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Patients were examined in the clinic using Williams periodontal probe, dental mirror, and lip retractor, and different periodontal parameters were recorded: the Silness Löe plaque index, papilla bleeding index, Community Periodontal Index in Treatment Needs (CPITN), periodontal pocket depth, gingival retraction.

Results: Values were significantly higher in patients infected with HIV in the following cases: among women in the Full Mouth Plaque Score (FMPS, p = 0.0312), among men in the depth of periodontal pockets (p = 0.0126), among men in the FMPS (p = 0.0282).

Conclusions: The FMPS showed a high value both in women and men infected with HIV. More and deeper pockets were found in men infected with HIV. The gingival retraction and the papillary bleeding index calculated for the entire oral cavity were not influenced by the type of infection. A periodic inspection and maintenance of oral hygiene instructions could play a significant role in preventing periodontal disease in these vulnerable groups.
The diagnostic dilemma of non-convulsive status epilepticus in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
Authors: Wittstock Matthias , Walter Uwe , Schirrmeister Daniela , Kurtieiev Kyrylo , Klinke Jan , Grossmann Annette , Rösche Johannes
Published: July 2017

Introduction.The differentiation between the clinical and electroencephalographic changes in nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) and those in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) is a crucial question.

Case report.A 77-year old woman was admitted because of fluctuating behavioural chancaseges, adynamia and apraxia since several months for diagnostic. The diagnosis of sCJD was suggested. Subsequently, she had a generalized tonic clonic seizure (GTCS) and the EEG revealed periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges and NCSE was considered.

Discussion.The presented case illustrates the dilemma in the differential diagnosis of sCJD and (symptomatic) NCSE in the light of the recently published new Salzburg consensus criteria and unified EEG terminology. Concerning these criteria, the patient showed after an initial generalized seizure and substantial clinical improvement after administration of antiepileptic drugs, persisting epileptic discharges and only subtle clinical ictal phenomena during the EEG patterns with typical spatiotemporal evolution as a correlate of a symptomatic NCSE. During the further course of the disease in the presented patient the picture changed into an encephalopathic pattern.

Conclusion.EEG criteria for the diagnosis of NCSE are complex. In our case the EEG resembled the pattern of NCSE in the postictal phase of a GTCS according to a classification of NCSE in use at this time. After initial responsiveness to antiepileptic medication the patient lost responsiveness to therapy displaying the typical encephalopathic EEG findings in sCJD. These findings may support the hypothesis of initial NCSE and transformation into prion protein induced encephalopathic EEG and demonstrated clinical usefulness of the Salzburg consensus criteria for NCSE.
Human Geography and the hinterland: The case of Torsten Hägerstrand’s ‘belated’ recognition
Authors: Brauer René , Dymitrow Mirek
Published: July 2017

Seeing Human Geography as a nexus of temporally oscillating concepts, this paper investigates the dissemination of scientific ideas with a focus on extra-scientific factors. While scientific progress is usually evaluated in terms of intellectual achievement of the individual researcher, geographers tend to forget about the external factors that tacitly yet critically contribute to knowledge production. While these externalities are well-documented in the natural sciences, social sciences have not yet seen comparable scrutiny. Using Torsten Hägerstrand’s rise to prominence as a concrete example, we explore this perspective in a social-science case – Human Geography. Applying an STS (Science and Technology Studies) approach, we depart from a model of science as socially-materially contingent, with special focus on three extra-scientific factors: community norms, materiality and the political climate. These factors are all important in order for knowledge to be disseminated into the hinterland of Human Geography. We conclude it is these types of conditions that in practice escape the relativism of representation.
Surround 3-Dimensional Scanner
Authors: Karbowski Krzysztof
Published: July 2017

The paper describes original 3-dimensional structured light scanner used for medical application. Scanner kinematics is similar to the gantry mechanism of computed tomography apparatus. The unique feature of the presented scanner is a glass table for capturing image of a human body part. The scanner can acquire an object through the table. It gives the chance for surround scanning of the human body, using only one scanning head, without changing the body position. It is more cost effective scanner solution than multihead scanner configuration.
Heat resisting and water-soluble chocolate polyesters containing azomethine group
Authors: Temizkan Kevser , Kaya İsmet
Published: July 2017

In this study, soluble in water poly(azomethine-ester)s (PAEs) were synthesized via elimination reactions of aromatic dihydroxy compounds containing imine bonding with terephthaloyl chloride. The structures of Schiff bases (SBs) and PAEs containing different aliphatic chains were confirmed by FT-IR,1H-NMR,13C-NMR and UV-Vis analyses. Physicochemical properties of the new polymers were characterized. Thermal properties of the compounds were investigated by TGA-DTA, DMA and DSC. According to TGA measurements, the starting degradation temperatures (Ton) of P-1, P-2, P-3, and P-4 poly(azomethine-ester)s were found as 255 °C, 232 °C, 222 °C, and 221 °C, respectively. The starting degradation temperatures of the poly(azomethine-ester)s were higher than their Schiff base compounds. According to dynamical mechanical analysis (DMA) measurements, glass transition temperature (Tg) of P-1, P-2, P-3, and P-4 poly(azomethine-ester)s were found as 95 °C, 138 °C, 140 °C, and 145 °C, respectively. The morphological and topographic properties of the PAEs containing azomethine linkage in the main chain were investigated by FE-SEM and AFM, respectively. The molecular mass distributions of PAEs were determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Electrochemical (E′g) and optical band gap (Eoptg) values of the prepared SBs and PAEs were calculated from cyclic voltammetry (CV) and UV-Vis analyses. The electrochemical band gap (E′g) values of P-1, P-2, P-3 and P-4 were found as 2.44 eV, 2.41 eV, 2.39 eV and 2.39 eV, respectively, from the cyclic voltammetry.
Civil-Society Organizations’ Capacity Building in the Local Governmental Sector: Is It Working? A Case Study
Authors: Máthé Réka Zsuzsánna , Hajnal György
Published: July 2017

The role that a strong civil society plays in socio-economic development is a subject of major scholarly attention today. Many benefits from having a strong civil society are reported in the literature. There is, however, no generally accepted view regarding how capacity-building efforts can help to develop a strong civil society, especially in the Central and Eastern European countries.

The purpose of this qualitative study is to understand the causal mechanisms existing between capacity-building efforts, a strengthened civil society and socioeconomic development. This case study suggests that a Hungarian local government did appear to strengthen associational activities in its community. Using process tracing, the research identifies specific factors that lead this village to take these uncommon steps, and it assesses the implications for civic life.
Selected properties of biodegradable material produced from thermoplastic starch with by-products of food industry addition
Authors: Zdybel Ewa , Tomaszewska-Ciosk Ewa , Gertchen Mateusz , Drożdż Wioletta
Published: July 2017

In this work extrusion process were used to create thermoplastic starch and to mix obtained starch with linen, quince and apple pomace at the same time. Obtained starch beads were formed in shapes. In experimental material was determined thermal conductivity, water absorption and the solubility in water. It is possible to get the biodegradable material produced from thermoplastic starch with an addition of fruit pomace. Adding pomace and glycerine to the biodegradable material made from starch change of susceptibility on water action. In the case of materials containing pomace, glycerine addition decreases the susceptibility on water action compared to the material manufactured with pomace addition but without glycerine. In the material containing pomace, glycerine addition caused the increase of the thermal insulation time compared to the material with pomace but no glycerine in it.
How will text size influence the length of its linguistic constituents?
Authors: Jin Huiyuan , Liu Haitao
Published: July 2017

As human language is a multi-level complex adaptive system, a text can be seen as emergent from the complex interactions between internal and external factors. Text types such as microblog have size restriction, an external variable which may affect relevant quantitative properties of the texts themselves. Such texts provide a good opportunity to investigate the interactions between the external and internal factors of human language from the perspective of complex adaptive system. This study focuses on how the size restriction of Chinese microblog texts affects the length of their sentences and clauses. Quantitative properties concerning sentence and clause length of Chinese microblog texts are analyzed and compared with those of texts with no size restriction (i.e., prose, news report and romantic fiction). Analysis of sentence length distribution shows that size restriction has an impact on sentence length measured by numbers of words and clauses. The correlation between sentence length and clause length is examined with Menzerath-Altmann law. The satisfying fitting result of microblog texts probably suggests that, language units are able to re-organize and re-regulate their structures according to relevant external factors, until they reach a balanced new system.
Effect of vitamin E (DL-all-rac-a-tocopherol acetate) and nano particles of selenium on growth, survival, body composition and whole body glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in Rutilus kutum (Kamensky, 1901)
Authors: Tahmasbi Davoud , Gorgin Saeid , Mazendarani Mohammad , Sudagar Mohammad
Published: July 2017

The effect of vitamin E (100 mg kg−1) and nano-selenium (1 mg kg−1), which have a nutritional relationship separately and in combination, was investigated on growth, survival, carcass composition, body glutathione peroxidase activity, and body malondialdehyde content of Rutilus kutum. Results showed that vitamin E is capable of improving growth, FCR and WG in Kutum fingerlings; however, nano-selenium is not. According to this study, vitamin E can improve growth and selenium can improve glutathione peroxidase activity in Rutilus kutum larvae.
The invasive raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides, gray) – an update of its distribution on the Balkans
Authors: Popova Elitsa , Zlatanova Diana
Published: July 2017

The raccoon dog, which lives especially near water and is rare in areas with low humidity, has been spreading throughout Europe since its introduction to Western Russia in the beginning of the 20th century. Official accounts of its distribution in Europe are often inaccurate due to scarce data. A literature search was conducted to identify records of the raccoon dog in the Balkans. More than 60 records were identified, including ones unlisted by the cited source from central and western Bulgaria, southern Serbia, Macedonia, Bosnia, Herzegovina, and Greece. The raccoon dog can be found on the Balkans either along the Danube (which is a major corridor for its invasion) or along its tributaries, which might represent secondary invasion pathways.
Lithium Insertion into Mixed Phase Titania Nanotubes
Authors: Wittich Olga , Meyer Florian , Wark Michael
Published: July 2017

Titanium dioxide nanotubes were obtained by a simple alkaline hydrothermal route forming titanate nanotubes in a first step and subsequent ion exchange with hydrochloric acid. The obtained TiO2 nanotubes were structurally characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy. Electrochemical analysis by cyclic voltammetry shows the presence oif anatase and TiO2-B phase in the tubes. From Randles-Ševcik plots a diffusion-controlled anodic reaction is found for the anatase phase, the TiO2-B phase, however, exhibits a pseudocapacitive behavior. A quite high amount of TiO2-B phase present in our TiO2 nanotubes is responsible for high charge and discharge capacities exceeding those found by other research groups for comparable nanotube systems. Furthermore, galvanostatic long-time cycling proves a high stability of the TiO2 nanotubes.
Acute Cardiopulmonary, Metabolic, and Neuromuscular Responses to Severe-Intensity Intermittent Exercises
Authors: Lisbôa Felipe D. , Raimundo João A.G. , Salvador Amadeo F. , Pereira Kayo L. , Turnes Tiago , Diefenthaeler Fernando , Oliveira Mariana F.M.de , Caputo Fabrizio
Published: July 2017

Lisbôa, FD, Raimundo, JAG, Salvador, AF, Pereira, KL, Turnes, T, Diefenthaeler, F, Oliveira, MFMd, and Caputo, F. Acute cardiopulmonary, metabolic, and neuromuscular responses to severe-intensity intermittent exercises. J Strength Cond Res 33(2): 408–416, 2019—The purpose of this study was to compare cardiopulmonary, neuromuscular, and metabolic responses to severe-intensity intermittent exercises with variable or constant work rate (CWR). Eleven cyclists (28 ± 5 years; 74 ± 7 kg; 175 ± 5 cm; 63 ± 4 ml·kg−1·min−1) performed the following tests until exhaustion on separate days: (a) an incremental test; (b) in random order, 2 CWR tests at 95 and 110% of the peak power for the determination of critical power (CP); (c) 2–4 tests for the determination of the highest power that still permits the achievement of maximal oxygen uptake (PHIGH); and (d) 2 random severe-intensity intermittent exercises. The last 2 sessions consisted of a CWR exercise performed at PHIGH or a decreasing work rate (DWR) exercise from PHIGH until 105% of CP. Compared with CWR, DWR presented higher time to exhaustion (635 ± 223 vs. 274 ± 65 seconds), time spent above 95% of V̇o
2max (t95% V̇o
2max) (323 ± 227 vs. 98 ± 65 seconds), and O2 consumed (0.97 ± 0.41 vs. 0.41 ± 0.11 L). Electromyography amplitude (root mean square [RMS]) decreased for DWR but increased for CWR during each repetition. However, RMS and V̇o
2 divided by power output (RMS/PO and V̇o
2/PO ratio) increased in every repetition for both protocols, but to a higher extent and slope for DWR. These findings suggest that the higher RMS/PO and V̇o
2/PO ratio in association with the longer exercise duration seemed to have been responsible for the higher t95% V̇o
2max observed during severe DWR exercise.
The Influence of Contextual Factors on Running Performance in Female Australian Football Match-Play
Authors: Black Georgia M. , Gabbett Tim J. , Naughton Geraldine , Cole Michael H. , Johnston Rich D. , Dawson Brian
Published: July 2017

Black, GM, Gabbett, TJ, Naughton, G, Cole, MH, Johnston, RD, and Dawson, B. The influence of contextual factors on running performance in female Australian football match-play. J Strength Cond Res 33(9): 2488–2495, 2019—Given the recent growth of the professional status among multiple female football codes, the aim of this study is to investigate the effects of contextual factors on activity profiles and pacing strategies in female Australian football (AF) players. Thirty-five female AF players participated in this study. Global positioning system analysis was completed over 1 competitive season. Matches were separated into eight 10-minute periods. Greater distances were covered during the first half irrespective of playing position (effect size [ES] = 0.39–0.50, Likelihood ≥90%). Throughout a number of periods half-backs (defensive players) covered greater distances during losses (ES ≥ 0.74, Likelihood ≥92%) and against top 3 opponents (ES ≥ 1.0, Likelihood ≥97%). Midfielders and half-backs covered greater distances (ES ≥ 0.49, Likelihood ≥89%) in the final match period in winning compared with losing matches. A reduction in player work rate is evident during the second half of matches. The influence of contextual factors varied across positional groups. However, it is clear that coaches could use player rotation both early in the match in an attempt to delay the effect of fatigue and more frequently during the second half to increase running intensity.
Targeted Interneuron Ablation in the Mouse Hippocampus Can Cause Spontaneous Recurrent Seizures
Authors: Spampanato Jay , Dudek F. Edward
Published: July 2017

The death of GABAergic interneurons has long been hypothesized to contribute to acquired epilepsy. These experiments tested the hypothesis that focal interneuron lesions cause acute seizures [i.e., status epilepticus (SE)] and/or chronic epilepsy [i.e., persistent spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRSs)]. To selectively ablate interneurons,Gad2-ires-Cremice were injected unilaterally in the CA1 area of the dorsal hippocampus with an adeno-associated virus containing the diphtheria toxin receptor (DTR). Simultaneously, an electrode, connected to a miniature telemetry device, was positioned at the injection site for chronic recordings of local field potentials (LFPs). Two weeks after virus transfection, intraperitoneal injection of DT consistently caused focal, specific, and extensive ablation of interneurons. Long-term, continuous monitoring revealed that all mice with DT-induced interneuron lesions had SRSs. Seizures lasted tens of seconds and interseizure intervals were several hours (or days); therefore, these interneuron lesions did not induce SE. The SRSs occurred 3-5 d after DT treatment, which is the estimated time required for DT-induced cell death; therefore, induction of SRSs occurred without the latent period typical of acquired epilepsy. In five of six DT-treated mice, SRSs stopped within days, suggesting that the DT-induced interneuron lesions did not usually cause epilepsy. In one mouse, however, SRSs occurred for ≥34 d after interneuron ablation, similar to epilepsy after experimental SE. Sham control mice had no detectable seizures, confirming that the SRSs were due to ablation of interneurons. These data show that selective interneuron ablation consistently caused SRSs but not SE; and, at least under the conditions used here, interneuron lesions rarely led to persistent SRSs (i.e., epilepsy).
Coronary Heart Disease Risk in Patients with Schizophrenia: A Lebanese Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Haddad Chadia , Hallit Souheil , Salameh Pascale , Bou-Assi Tarek , Zoghbi Marouan
Published: July 2017

Background:

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a leading cause of premature death in patients with schizophrenia. CHD risk in Lebanese patients with schizophrenia remains unknown.

Objectives:

To (i) evaluate CHD risk of patients with schizophrenia in Lebanon; and (ii) detect the modifiable and non-modifiable factors affecting this risk.

Methods:

Cross-sectional study of 329 patients with schizophrenia aged 20–75 years. Ten-year hard CHD risk was calculated using the Framingham risk score. A logistic regression was conducted taking the dichotomous hard CHD (<10% and ≥10%) as the dependent variable.

Results:

Ten-year hard CHD risk was low (<10%) in 60.8% of patients, intermediate (10–20%) in 31.6%, and high (>20%) in 7.6%. Multivariate analysis showed that the mean 10-year hard CHD risk was 8.76±6.92 (10.82±6.83 in men and 3.18±2.90 in women). Ten-year hard CHD risk was higher in patients with the metabolic syndrome (odds ratio [OR] 2.67, confidence interval [CI] 1.54–4.64), a longer duration of schizophrenia (OR 1.03, CI 1.01–1.05), a history of other medical illnesses (OR 2.02, CI 1.18–3.47), and in those participating in art therapy (OR 2.13, CI 1.25–3.64) or therapeutic education (OR 1.93, CI 0.93–4.01). Ten-year hard CHD risk was lower in patients receiving risperidone (OR 0.23, CI 0.08–0.68), any anti-epileptic (OR 0.41, CI 0.24–0.73), or any benzodiazepine (OR 0.33, CI 0.17–0.66) medication.

Conclusion:

CHD is prevalent in patients with schizophrenia in Lebanon. Physicians are recommended to monitor the components of the metabolic syndrome to identify patients with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Bibliografija članaka objavljenih u časopisu Geoadria, sv. 1-10
Authors: Surić Maša
Published: July 2017

Bibliography of Articles Published in Journal Geoadria
Izvješća sa znanstvenih skupova
Authors: Šiljković Željka , Blaće Ante , Vukosav Branimir , Lozić Sanja , Lončar Nina , Magaš Damir
Published: July 2017

U Kupresu (Bosna i Hercegovina) je 7.-10. svibnja 2009. održan prvi međunarodni geografski znanstveni simpozij Transformacija ruralnog područja u uvjetima tranzicije i integracije u Europsku uniju u organizaciji Geografskog društva Hercegovine, Ministarstva životne sredine i turizma Federacije BiH i Fakulteta prirodoslovno-matematičkih i odgojnih znanosti Sveučilišta u Mostaru.Na skupu je sudjelovalo gotovo stotinu znanstvenika, agrarnih, ruralnih i urbanih geografa, demogeografa, prostornih planera, ekologa, arhitekata i ekonomista koji su predstavili više od sedamdeset znanstvenih radova u području razvojaruralnogprostoraufunkcijiodrživograzvoja.UzgeografeizBiH,sudjelovalisugeograﬁizHrvatske (Zagreb, Zadar, Split), Srbije, Mađarske, Njemačke i Slovenije. Rad simpozija odvijao se kroz plenarni, sekcijski i terenski dio. Posebno su istaknuti devastacija ruralnih prostora kao posljedica tehnološkog razvoja i socijalno-političkih zbivanja, i perspektive ruralnog razvoja u uvjetima novih zahtjeva i potreba u turizmu.
Demografska kretanja i granični promet kao indikatori (ne)postojanja transgranične regije u hrvatsko-mađarskom pograničnom području
Authors: Opačić Vuk Tvrtko , Crljenko Ivana
Published: July 2017

This paper analyzes passengers' traffic across the border crossings and demographic trends in Croatian-Hungarian border area. The aim of this work is to determine the intensity of transborder relations and processes in neighbouring areas in the period of "loosening" of the Croatian-Hungarian border and their reflection in space. This will be determined through the analysis of the population trends in the last intercensal period (1991-2001 in Croatia, 1990-2001 in Hungary). The assumption is that significant transborder cooperation has not been established yet and that a transborder region has not been formed despite the "loosening" of the border. This statement has been confirmed by comparing demographic trends in the settlements with border crossings, in the settlements along the border, but without border crossings, in the settlements that are within 10 km from the border, but do not have an exit to it and finally, in other settlements of the border area from the Croatian and Hungarian side of the border.
Prilog poznavanju geografskih obilježja otoka Paga
Authors: Magaš Damir
Published: July 2017

The theme of the paper is the geographical characteristics of the Pag Island, whichbelongs to the Zadar region in South Croatia. (Dalmatia). The author gives carefulconsideration to its geographical position, extension and size, physiogeographical features(geology, geomorphology), speleological characteristics, climate, land and sea waters,vegetation, soils) and sociogeographic characteristics. Special attention is paid to the historicgeographical aspect of the development and population in three districts of the island (Pag, Povljana, Novalja). The characteristics of population structures are generally unfavourable. The final part of the paper includes the characteristics of economy and social superstructure. Sheep-breeding, tourism and local industry show the greatest deal of vitality. The author analyses perspectives and dilemmas concerning the development of the island under complex conditions of the administrative division between two counties.
Geografske osnove razvitka otoka Ugljana
Authors: Magaš Damir , Faričić Josip
Published: July 2017

The authors elaborate geographical features of the Ugljan island, the most inhabitedisland of the Zadar archipelago in South Croatia. The purpose of the paper, continuing formerworks, is to offer groundwork for future specialized and complexe researches on regionalgeographical problems concerning this island. The inhabitants of the island have evaluated andexploited its physicogeographical basis since prehistory, creating in this way a specific Ugljancultural landscape. Zadar, the city closely to the island, played a decisive role in itshistoriogeographical development. Owing to contemporary socioeconomic development,Ugljan is, in fact a part of specific Zadar periurban zone.
Prostorni raspored i gustoća ponikava SZ dijela Velike Kapele - rezultati računalne analize susjedstva
Authors: Pahernik Mladen
Published: July 2017

GIS based buffer analysis methods were applied for analysing spatial distribution anddensity of dolinas in the NW part of Velika Kapela. Results extracted from existing spatialdatabases indicated spatial distribution of faults, as well as a degree of relationship betweendirection and density of dolinas with identified lineaments. By comparing faults identified fromdolina analysis, with faults identified during on-situ mapping, major tectonic blocks or unitswithin researched area were identified. Bigger regional and local faults identified from digitalelevation model are dividing larger tectonic units, while smaller local faults derived fromlinearly developed dolina are mostly dividing smaller tectonic blocks and can indicate theirdegree of faultness and deformities.
Lorenzo Licini (1725-1802) surveyor of Dalmatia and Count of Poljica as Rubcich
Authors: Licini Patrizia
Published: July 2017

Very little is known about the Great County of Poljica, the autonomous Croatian community in twelve counties on the Adriatic Sea situated mostly in modern Southern Croatia in eastern Dalmatia which had been long and voluntarily under the rule of the Republic of Venice at the border with Ottoman Bosnia. Now Venetian years could be reconstructed in the light of original documents in the State Archives of Zadar and Venice. The author inquires into the proper manner of signing one's name to documents and maps as a pathway into higher research degrees. Focusing on representations of maritime Dalmatia by the hand of one of the twelve Poljica's counts – Lorenzo as 'Licini' of Venetian nationality in the State of Dalmatia and as 'Licini Rubcich' by Croatian affiliation to Rupčići village for the Poljicans living in Poljica, Kotor and Zadar – the analysis demonstrates that maps made for the Grimani Cadastre collection in Zadar can be virtually investigated to reveal the broader organizational devices and patterns through which Venice actually structured and controlled this pivotal land in such a way as to support the economy of a rapidly modernizing State.
Novus Atlas u zbirci tiskarstva i knjigoveštva Muzeja za umjetnost i obrt - problemi atribucije i datacije zemljovida
Authors: Galić Anđelka , Došen Antonia
Published: July 2017

U Muzeju za umjetnost i obrt u Zagrebu čuvaju se dva folio sveska s ukupno 99 zemljopisnih karata datiranih u 17. stoljeće koji se u muzejskom inventaru vode kao primjerak njemačkog izdanja Novus Atlasa Johannesa Janssoniusa (1588. – 1664.). Iako identičnog uveza i s mnogobrojnim oznakama Janssoniusa, poticaj za preispitivanje ove atribucije bio je sadržaj svezaka koji su uključivali i zemljovide koji upućuju na drugačiju provenijenciju. U članku se donose rezultati detaljno provedenih istraživanja metodom komparacije i korelacije koji su doveli do nove atribucije i datacije Novus Atlasa. Unutar dvaju svezaka, uz manje poznata imena ne samo nakladnika, već i kartografa i gravera karte potpisuju i poznati kartografi poput Abrahama Orteliusa (1527. – 1598.), Henricusa Hondiusa (1597. – 1651.), Pierrea Duvala (1619. – 1683.), Fredericka de Wita (1629. – 1706.), Pierrea Mortiera (1661. – 1711.) i ostalih, što mijenja ne samo postavljenu atribuciju već i dataciju u razdoblje od kraja 16. stoljeća do prve polovice 18. stoljeća.
The effects of industrial and agricultural activity on the water quality of the Sitnica River (Kosovo)
Authors: Shala Albona , Sallaku Fatbardh , Shala Agron , Ukaj Shkëlzim
Published: July 2017

An important issue in Kosovo is water pollution. The use of polluted water has a direct impact on human health and cause long-term consequences. The longest and most polluted river in Kosovo is the Sitnica, a 90 km long river with its source located near the village of Sazli. The river flows into the Ibar River in Northern Kosovo. Agriculture is prevailing activity in the basin of Sitnica which is why agricultural as well as industrial waste are the biggest water pollutants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate water quality of the river and analyse the pollution level along the Sitnica River caused by agricultural activities and industrial discharges. In order to assess the impact of pollutants on this river, a measurements were carried out in four (five) monitoring stations: the first station represents the reference station which has not undergone or has not been affected by polluting pressures, two stations in water areas affected by the irrigation of farming land and two monitoring stations in water areas affected by industrial wastewater discharge. Some of the parameters of water quality analysed are temperature, turbidity, electrical conductivity, pH, DO, COD, BOD, P total, nitrates, sulfates, and heavy metals iron, manganese, zinc, nickel. Compared to the reference station the results obtained from the Gracka and Pestova monitoring stations prove that the dominant form of pollution is that from agricultural lands irrigation, while the Plemetin and Mitrovica stations show that the Sitnica River is affected by wastewater discharge which contains significant concentrations of heavy metals, as well as metal ions selected in this paper. It can be concluded that the irrigation of agricultural lands and discharges from mining significantly affect water quality of the Sitnica River.
Geografsko ime "zagora" i njegova pojavnost na područjima dalmatinskoga zaleđa u odabranom novinskom mediju
Authors: Vukosav Branimir
Published: July 2017

U hrvatskom jeziku riječi "zagora" i "zagorje" odnose se na područje "s onu stranu gore". Tijekom povijesti ti su termini često korišteni prilikom određivanja mjesta i područja koja su fizički (reljefno) odvojena od drugih, gospodarski i politički važnijih područja te su kao takvi postupno usvojeni i kao geografska imena (toponimi) za reljefno odvojena mjesta i zone koje su u kontrastu prema takvim područjima. Stoga danas termin Zagora predstavlja često geografsko ime koje označava područje nekoć percipirano i razmatrano s neke izvanjske točke gledišta, a koje je kasnije usvojeno od strane domicilnog stanovništva postavši u određenoj mjeri endonim. U kontekstu hrvatskoga državnog teritorija, najznakovitije korištenje varijacija ovoga toponima prisutno je u posebnim tradicijskim regijama na sjeveru i jugu države, u nazivima Hrvatsko zagorje i Dalmatinska zagora. Za razliku od Hrvatskog zagorja, prostorni obuhvat i razmjeri identifikacije s nazivom Zagora u dalmatinskom zaleđu nisu preciznije generalno definirani, iako postoje mnogi jasni pokazatelji percipiranja takve prostorne jedinice u mnogim suvremenim izvorima. Cilj ovoga rada je istražiti perceptivne značajke područja dalmatinskog zaleđa u kontekstu geografskog imena Zagora/Dalmatinska zagora putem analize sadržaja. Analizira se i zaključuje na temelju neformalnih geografskih podataka izoliranih u odabranom suvremenom mediju (dnevni list Slobodna Dalmacija). Zamijećeni prostorni obuhvat percepcije omogućuje izradu karata koje predstavljaju aproksimacije kolektivnih kognitivnih karata i pružaju temelj za daljnje opsežnije istraživanje vernakularnih aspekata dalmatinskoga zaleđa.
Morfometrijske značajke šireg područja Duvanjskog polja, Bosna i Hercegovina
Authors: Radoš Denis , Lozić Sanja , Šiljeg Ante
Published: July 2017

Objekt ovog istraživanja su padine uzvišenja šireg područja Duvanjskog polja. Padine se mogu definirati kao reljefne plohe određene geografskim položajem, nagibom u odnosu na horizontalnu površinu, izloženošću (ekspozicijom) u odnosu na strane svijeta, te stupnjem zakrivljenosti (profilne i planarne). Recentni oblik padina posljedica je utjecaja niza prirodnih i društvenih faktora tijekom geneze i evolucije reljefa. Analizom morfometrijskih parametara moguće je dovesti u vezu značajke padina s geološkom građom i sastavom, ali i ostalim prirodno-geografskim čimbenicima (npr. klima, pedologija, vegetacija itd.). Ciljevi ovog istraživanja su: a) analiza morfometrijskih pokazatelja reljefa, b) analiza odnosa između morfometrijskih pokazatelja, strukturnih i litoloških značajki, i c) sinteza svih analiziranih pokazatelja da bi se dobio detaljniji uvid u egzogeomorfološke i morfostrukturne značajke područja i omogućila procjena opsega i intenziteta dominantnih geomorfoloških procesa. Pri tome, posebna pažnja posvećena je detaljnoj geomorfometrijskoj analizi makromorfostruktura šireg područja Duvanjskog polja u GIS okružju temeljem digitalnog modela reljefa (DMR). Geomorfometrijska analiza reljefa primijenjena u ovom radu uključila je korištenje različitih metoda za precizno računanje numeričkih parametara reljefa istraživanog područja, što je omogućilo međusobnu usporedbu navedenih parametara ali i usporedbu s kartom tektonskih jedinica i geološkom kartom. Cilj ovakvog pristupa je egzaktnija interpretacija morfometrijskih parametara reljefa kao indikatora značajki endogenih i egzogenih procesa na istraživanom području.
Prometna marginaliziranost na primjeru srednjoškolaca Grada Zagreba
Authors: Gašparović Slaven , Jakovčić Martina
Published: July 2017

Mogućnost upravljanja automobilom smatra se važnim segmentom u životima ljudi. Osobe koje iz određenih razloga nemaju mogućnost upravljanja automobilom u znanstvenoj se literaturi vrlo često smatraju prometno marginaliziranim osobama. Prometna marginaliziranost može utjecati na pristupanje životnim prilikama i mogućnostima. Cilj ovoga rada je ispitati utjecaj prometne marginaliziranosti na svakodnevni život srednjoškolske populacije Grada Zagreba. Istraživanje se temelji na korištenju subjektivnih pokazatelja prometne marginaliziranosti i to putem korištenja metode vlastite procjene prometnih problema i fokus grupa. Podaci su dobiveni anketnim ispitivanjem 826 učenika srednjih škola Grada Zagreba te provođenjem osam fokus grupa. Učenici srednjih škola procjenjivali su utjecaj prometnih problema s aspekta važnosti i stupnja težine kojim ih rješavaju. Analizom podataka dobiveni su podaci koji pokazuju statistički značajne razlike između učenica i učenika što može upućivati na jaču prometnu marginaliziranost djevojaka (žena) u odnosu na mladiće (muškarce). Dobiveni podaci potkrijepljeni su navodima proizašlim iz uporabe metode fokus grupa.