bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unsupervised Data Mining and Effect of Fast Rehabilitation Nursing Intervention in Fracture Surgery
Authors: Yu Tongyao , Zhou Haihong
Published: January 2022

At present, the most commonly used surgical treatment for fractures caused by external force injury is clinical, and unsupervised data mining is more advantageous in the face of the unknown format of perioperative network data. Therefore, this research aims to explore the application effect of unsupervised data mining in the concept of rapid rehabilitation nursing intervention after fracture surgery. 80 patients who underwent fracture surgery in the Department of Orthopedics of XXX Hospital were determined as the subjects, who were rolled into a research group (group R, 40 cases) and a control group (group C, 40 cases) by drawing lots. An unsupervised data mining algorithm based on unsupervised data mining for support vector machines (VDMSVMs) was proposed and applied to two groups of patients undergoing perioperative fracture surgery with the rapid rehabilitation nursing intervention and basic routine nursing. The results showed that the number of important features selected by the VDMSVM algorithm (5) was obviously more than that of the compressed edge fragment sampling (CEFS) algorithm (1) and the multicorrelation forward searching (MCFS) algorithm (2) (

P
<
0.05

). The number of noise features screened by the VDMSVM algorithm (3) was much less in contrast to that of the CEFS algorithm and the MCFS algorithm, which was 8 and 10, respectively (P < 0.05). The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores of the fracture site at the 4th, 8th, 12th, and 16th hour after surgery in group R were all lower than the scores in group C (

P
<
0.05

). The length of hospital stay (LoHS) in group R was greatly shorter than that in group C (

P
<
0.05

). After different nursing methods, the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) score of patients in group R (89.64 points) was greatly higher than the score in group C (61.45 points) (

P
<
0.05

). The nursing satisfaction score of group R was 92.35 ± 3.65 points, and that in group C was 2.14 ± 1.25 points, respectively (

P
<
0.05

). The test results verified the effectiveness of the feature selection of the VDMSVM algorithm. The rapid rehabilitation nursing intervention was conductive to reducing the postoperative pain of fracture patients, shortening the LoHS of patients, improving the quality of life (QOL) of fracture surgery patients, and increasing the patient’s satisfaction with nursing.
Effect of Caffeine Injection on Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Rats: An Experimental Study on Rats
Authors: Golshah Amin , Omidi Khaled , Nikkerdar Nafiseh , Ghorbani Fatemeh
Published: January 2022

Objectives. Several studies have investigated the effects of different medications on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). This study assessed the effect of caffeine injection on OTM in rats. Materials and Methods. Thirty-five male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups. Their first molars and central incisors were attached with a nickel-titanium closed coil spring with 50 g load. The rats in the three experimental groups received 25, 50, and 75 mg/kg caffeine intraperitoneally for 21 days. The negative control group did not receive any injection and did not undergo orthodontic treatment. The positive control group underwent orthodontic treatment and received 0.9% NaCl (saline) injection. After 21 days, all rats were sacrificed by chloroform inhalation, and the maxilla was resected. The mean number of Howship’s lacunae, blood vessels, osteoclasts, and root resorption lacunae was histologically measured. The bone volume-to-total volume ratio (BV/TV) in maxillary molars was calculated by microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) to quantify bone loss. Results. The amount of OTM and the number of osteoclasts, blood vessels, and Howship’s lacunae significantly increased in rats under caffeine therapy, while the number of root resorption lacunae did not increase. Lower BV/TV in the caffeine groups was in accord with the increased count of osteoclasts. Conclusion. Caffeine injection can significantly increase OTM in rats.
Research on Real-Time Monitoring of Strain Behavior of Concrete under Freezing-Thawing Cycle by White Light Interferometer
Authors: Lv Haifeng , Kong Xianglong , Ren Jie , Zhao Xuefeng , Sun Changsen
Published: January 2022

To study the degenerative process of concrete subjected to freezing-thawing (F-T) cycles in real-time, the strain behavior of concrete cylinder was monitored by a fiber optic F-T testing method based on the white light interferometer (WLI) technique. The principle of the WLI technique was described in detail and the design of the fiber optic testing method. Two mixed proportions of concrete immersed in 3.5% NaCl solution were tested in a freeze-thaw testing machine. The theory and method of temperature compensation were stated in detail. The results indicated that the variation of strain decreases in the cooling stage and increases in the heating stage in a F-T cycle. The residual strain was generated in the test.
Differentiated Toll Optimization on Goods Vehicles Based on Prediction of Demand for Large-Scale Network
Authors: Zhao Hua , Peng Zifeng , Li Zhihong , Yao Weiting
Published: January 2022

The area rate of the toll road network is designed to influence the regional road network traffic flow configuration and an important factor of goods vehicle path selection, transportation, and other related departments in formulating the related standard. The toll rate is usually combined with the local passenger and cargo loading conditions. Adjusting and optimizing the charge policy, optimization of processes and methods is still facing many difficulties. In this paper, the model parameters and toll status of various goods vehicles are considered, and an optimization algorithm of toll rates for different vehicles in a large-scale road network is proposed. By constructing a traffic demand prediction model based on multiple truck classification, this paper analyzes the distribution status of network trucks and the final charging under the influence of different rates. At the bottom of the algorithm is an analytical model composed of nonlinear equations whose dimensions scale linearly with the scale of the road network. The scale of the road network is independent of the path set and link attribute. The model is verified and the parameters are calibrated by a small network. Finally, the Road network is selected for empirical analysis in Xinjiang Autonomous Region. A case study shows that the analytical structure information provided by the analytic network model enables the algorithm to quickly identify high quality solutions, and the algorithm has better simulation accuracy and premium rate design advantages.
The Effect of Rainfall, Temperature, and Relative Humidity on the Yield of Cassava, Yam, and Maize in the Ashanti Region of Ghana
Authors: Dwamena Harriet Achiaa , Tawiah Kassim , Akuoko Kodua Amanda Serwaa
Published: January 2022

This study examined the consequences of changes in minimum temperature, maximum temperature, relative humidity, and rainfall on the yields of maize, cassava, and yam per hectare of land in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. Correlation analysis of each climatic condition on the yield of each crop per hectare of land revealed that each of the climatic conditions was significant in predicting the crop yields. Separate multiple linear regression models were obtained for crop yield per hectare of land under all the climatic conditions. The regression models showed that an increase in maximum temperature reduces the yield of all the crops, whereas an increase in minimum temperature reduces only the yield of maize. Increases in relative humidity reduce the yield of maize alone, while increases in rainfall reduce the yield of only cassava. The significant multiple linear regression model for each crop yield indicated that 63.8% of the variations in the yield of maize per hectare of land, 74.3% of the variations in the yield of cassava per hectare of land, and 64.2% of the variations in the yield of yam per hectare of land are accounted for by minimum temperature, maximum temperature, relative humidity, and rainfall. We encourage the Government of Ghana, the Ministry of Food and Agriculture, and all stakeholders in the agriculture sector to increase their campaign on the consequences of climate change on the yield of these crops. They should educate farmers on the effects of overreliance on rainfed and traditional agricultural methods, introduce them to modern methods of agriculture, and provide them with varieties of these crops with higher-yielding capacities in higher temperatures.
Existence of C1‐Positive Solutions for a Class of Second‐Order Impulsive Differential Equations
Authors: Li Hong
Published: January 2022

In this study, under some inequality conditions, necessary and sufficient conditions, using fixed‐point theorem in cones, are established for the existence of C1‐positive solutions for a class of second‐order impulsive differential equations. Two examples are given in the last section to illustrate the abstract results.
Towards Secure IoT-Based Payments by Extension of Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS)
Authors: Bhutta Muhammad Nasir Mumtaz , Bhattia Surbhi , Alojail Mohammed Ali , Nisar Kashif , Cao Yue , Chaudhry Shehzad Ashraf , Sun Zhili
Published: January 2022

IoT emergence has given rise to a new digital experience of payment transactions where physical objects like refrigerators, cars, and wearables will make payments. These physical objects will be storing the cardholder credentials and will directly make payments with the vendors over insecure public networks. For such payment transactions, government regulations and standards organizations require to implement PCI DSS for adapting similar set of security measures at the global level. The current version of PCI DSS is not suitable for IoT-based payment systems due to characteristics of IoT such as resource-constrained nature of devices and updating software/firmware of so many physical devices. Also, there arises an emergent need of implementing PCI DSS requirements and assessments for security of all stakeholders that store or process the user credentials in a payment. This paper is an initial effort to bring the researcher’s attention to make upcoming versions of PCI DSS suitable for IoT and thus securing the new ways of IoT-based payment systems. The paper has reviewed the traditional payment process along with considerations for IoT-based payment systems to make recommendations to modify the PCI DSS in a suitable way for IoT.
Immune Infiltrate and Tumor Microenvironment Transcriptional Programs Stratify Pediatric Osteosarcoma into Prognostic Groups at Diagnosis
Authors: Marchais Antonin , Marques da Costa Maria Eugenia , Job Bastien , Abbas Rachid , Drubay Damien , Piperno-Neumann Sophie , Fromigué Olivia , Gomez-Brouchet Anne , Redini Françoise , Droit Robin , Lervat Cyril , Entz-Werle Natacha , Pacquement Hélène , Devoldere Catherine , Cupissol Didier , Bodet Damien , Gandemer Virginie , Berger Marc , Marec-Berard Perrine , Jimenez Marta , Vassal Gilles , Geoerger Birgit , Brugières Laurence , Gaspar Nathalie
Published: January 2022

The outcomes of adolescents/young adults with osteosarcoma have not improved in decades. The chaotic karyotype of this rare tumor has precluded the identification of prognostic biomarkers and patient stratification. We reasoned that transcriptomic studies should overcome this genetic complexity. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of 79 osteosarcoma diagnostic biopsies identified stable independent components that recapitulate the tumor and microenvironment cell composition. Unsupervised classification of the independent components stratified this cohort into favorable (G1) and unfavorable (G2) prognostic tumors in terms of overall survival. Multivariate survival analysis ranked this stratification as the most influential variable. Functional characterization associated G1 tumors with innate immunity and G2 tumors with angiogenic, osteoclastic, and adipogenic activities as well as PPARγ pathway upregulation. A focused gene signature that predicted G1/G2 tumors from RNA-seq data was developed and validated within an independent cohort of 82 osteosarcomas. This signature was further validated with a custom NanoString panel in 96 additional osteosarcomas. This study thus proposes new biomarkers to detect high-risk patients and new therapeutic options for osteosarcoma.

Significance:

These findings indicate that the osteosarcoma microenvironment composition is a major feature to identify hard-to-treat patient tumors at diagnosis and define the biological pathways and potential actionable targets associated with these tumors.
Targeting Cellular Iron Homeostasis with Ironomycin in Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma
Authors: Devin Julie , Cañeque Tatiana , Lin Yea-Lih , Mondoulet Lucie , Veyrune Jean-Luc , Abouladze Matthieu , Garcia De Paco Elvira , Karmous Gadacha Ouissem , Cartron Guillaume , Pasero Philippe , Bret Caroline , Rodriguez Raphaël , Moreaux Jerome
Published: January 2022

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common hematological malignancy. Although more than half of patients with DLBCL achieve long-term remission, the majority of remaining patients succumb to the disease. As abnormal iron homeostasis is implicated in carcinogenesis and the progression of many tumors, we searched for alterations in iron metabolism in DLBCL that could be exploited to develop novel therapeutic strategies. Analysis of the iron metabolism gene expression profile of large cohorts of patients with DLBCL established the iron score (IS), a gene expression–based risk score enabling identification of patients with DLBCL with a poor outcome who might benefit from a suitable targeted therapy. In a panel of 16 DLBCL cell lines, ironomycin, a promising lysosomal iron-targeting small molecule, inhibited DLBCL cell proliferation at nanomolar concentrations compared with typical iron chelators. Ironomycin also induced significant cell growth inhibition, ferroptosis, and autophagy. Ironomycin treatment resulted in accumulation of DNA double-strand breaks, delayed progression of replication forks, and increased RPA2 phosphorylation, a marker of replication stress. Ironomycin significantly reduced the median number of viable primary DLBCL cells of patients without major toxicity for nontumor cells from the microenvironment and presented low toxicity in hematopoietic progenitors compared with conventional treatments. Significant synergistic effects were also observed by combining ironomycin with doxorubicin, BH3 mimetics, BTK inhibitors, or Syk inhibitors. Altogether, these data demonstrate that a subgroup of high-risk patients with DLBCL can be identified with the IS that can potentially benefit from targeting iron homeostasis.

Significance:

Iron homeostasis represents a potential therapeutic target for high-risk patients with DLBCL that can be targeted with ironomycin to induce cell death and to sensitize tumor cells to conventional treatments.
Volitional Yoga Breathing Influences Attention and Anxiety: An Exploratory Randomized Crossover Study
Authors: Sharma Sachin Kumar , Kala Niranjan , Telles Shirley
Published: January 2022

Background: Previous studies assessed yoga breathing practices individually. This exploratory, randomized crossover study assessed attention and anxiety following four yoga breathing practices, breath awareness, and quiet seated rest. Materials and Methods: Thirty-eight male volunteers between 20 and 37 years (group mean age ± SD; 24.08 ± 4.01 years) were assessed in six sessions in random order (www.randomizer.org) on separate days. The sessions were: (i) alternate nostril yoga breathing, (ii) bellows yoga breathing, (iii) bumblebee yoga breathing, (iv) high-frequency yoga breathing, (v) breath awareness, and (vi) quiet seated rest. The sessions were for 18 min each. Six letter cancellation test (SLCT) and Spielberger’s State Trait Anxiety Inventory-state (STAI-s) were administered pre and post each session. Data analysis used general linear mixed model analysis, with fixed effect of states (pre and post) and sessions. Results: A significant main effect of states was observed on total attempted (F1,407 = 5.374, p = 0.021) and net attempted scores (F1,407 = 6.178, p = 0.013) of the SLCT, with a significant increase in scores following high-frequency yoga breathing (padj = 0.031 for total attempted scores; padj = 0.029 for net attempted scores). Also, a significant main effect of states on STAI-s scores was observed (F1,407 = 33.979, p < 0.001), with a significant decrease in scores following alternate nostril yoga breathing (padj = 0.001), bellows yoga breathing (padj = 0.008), bumblebee yoga breathing (padj = 0.002), and high-frequency yoga breathing (padj = 0.042) compared to the corresponding pre state. There was a significant main effect of sessions (F5,407 = 3.043, p = 0.010) on STAI-s scores, with scores post alternate nostril yoga breathing significantly lower than post breath awareness (padj = 0.037). Conclusion: Following high-frequency yoga breathing sustained attention was better than before while state anxiety decreased in post-pre comparisons of alternate nostril yoga breathing, bellows yoga breathing, bumblebee yoga breathing, and high-frequency yoga breathing. The differences between breathing practices may be due to differences in degree of volitional regulation of breathing and in the breath patterns modified volitionally. The generalizability of the findings was limited by including an all male, yoga experienced sample. Future research should include participants of both genders and could include different levels of yoga experience, with assessments including objective measures of attention and anxiety.
Zoledronic Acid Contraindications Prevalence among Hip-Fractured Patients Aged 75 Years or Over Hospitalized in an Orthogeriatric Unit
Authors: Jalbert Robin , Blain Hubert , Boudissa Mehdi , Bioteau Catherine , Parent Thibault , Arnaud Mélanie , Tonetti Jérôme , Gavazzi Gaëtan , Drevet Sabine
Published: January 2022

Objective: Zoledronic acid (ZA) is an antiosteoporotic drug that has been proven to reduce mortality after a hip fracture (HF). ZA is however underused with older HF patients. One possible cause may be the high prevalence of severe renal failure and hypocalcemia which contraindicate ZA administration. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of these 2 contraindications in patients aged 75 years or older admitted into an orthogeriatric (OG) unit after a low-energy HF. The secondary objective was to assess the prevalence of situations in which ZA must be used with caution. Methods: Our retrospective descriptive monocentric study was performed in an OG unit on a cohort of elderly patients hospitalized for HF from August 2015 to August 2017. Prevalence of hypocalcemia lower than 2 mmol/L and Cockcroft creatinine clearance lower than 35 mL/min was recorded. Results: Among the 194 patients admitted for HF, 136 patients (mean age 86 ± 5.6 years; 101 women) were included. The mean length of hospital stay was 15 ± 9 days. 111 (81.5%) had no contraindications to ZA administration. More than 80% presented situations in which ZA had to be used with caution, including 25(OH)D deficiency (20%). Conclusion: The majority of subjects aged 75 years or older admitted to hospital after an HF seem to have no contraindication for ZA administration during their immediate postoperative hospital stay. The hospitalization period after HF repair gives the opportunity to give most of them this treatment to improve their prognosis, taking into account situations in which ZA must be used with caution.
Ultrasound-Guided Renal Mass Biopsy and Its Clinical Utility: A Single-Centre Experience
Authors: Jasinski Milosz , Siekiera Jerzy , Tworkiewicz Maciej
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Renal mass biopsy (RMB) is still underutilized, partially because many urologists argue that it does not substantially influence the management of renal masses. We sought to evaluate the influence of RMB on the management of renal tumours in our institution. Materials and Methods: A total of 387 RMBs performed at our institution from January 2016 to June 2020 were included. Patient demographics, mass size, biopsy result, and subsequent clinical management were retrospectively reviewed. Results: The mean mass size was 47.8 mm. Fifty-six percentage of tumours ≤40 mm (247) and 8% of tumours >40 mm (64) were biopsied. Seventy-six RMBs of disseminated tumours were performed. 14.9% of RMBs were non-diagnostic, and 27.1% of RMBs of tumours ≤40 mm were benign. The majority of tumours with first non-diagnostic RMB followed by histopathological verification were found to be malignant. There was significantly more conservative management and no radical nephrectomies in the benign biopsy group. One case of Clavien-Dindo grade ≥2 complication occurred. Conclusions: RMB result affects treatment decisions. Ultrasound-guided RMB is a safe procedure, and performing biopsies of tumours ≤40 mm may reduce the number of unnecessary interventions. Non-diagnostic RMBs should be repeated or treated as malignant.
Chronic Retronychia: Nonsurgical Treatment
Authors: Haneke Eckart , Manola Ivana , Smiljan Benko Iva , Jozić Marija , Hursa Ana-Marija
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Retronychia is a particular form of post-traumatic ingrown nail associated with repeated microtrauma of the underside of the proximal nail fold. It is caused by the nail embedding backward into the underside of the proximal nail fold, forming multiple generations of nail plate. Methods: The study aims to evaluate the results of a novel nonsurgical treatment of retronychia. A review was performed on 20 patients who underwent the treatment, 16 having suffered from a chronic form of the condition, with the remaining 4 being afflicted with retronychia for less than a year prior to treatment. Results: The treatment was a combination of eliminating the proximal sharp edge of the uppermost nail layer and thinning of the nail with fraises and drills of various sizes. This therapy was repeated every 7–14 days. The patients came for checkup every 6 weeks. Treatment duration varied from 2 to 14 months. The rate, at which the appearance of a healthy nail occurred depended on the length of the intact nail layer below the part of the nail affected by retronychia, the age of the patient, and cofactors such as obesity, diabetes, etc. The treatment result in our case study was completely healthy nail growth without relapse of retronychia in all the 20 patients for a follow-up period of 18 months. Conclusion: By combining a healthy nail growth and the simultaneous protection of the nail, we were able to achieve a normal nail in all cases. In order to maintain the achieved results, we recommended our patients to continue wearing protective tubes whenever they would wear closed shoes because recurrence of retronychia may occur even after minimal trauma.
Is Serotonin the Missing Link between COVID-19 Course of Severity in Patients with Diabetes and Obesity?
Authors: Santos Ana Paula , Couto Carlos Ferreira , Pereira Sofia Silva , Monteiro Mariana Pereira
Published: January 2022

COVID-19 is an intriguing infectious condition with multisystemic manifestations and variable outcomes that are influenced by the concomitant presence of non-communicable diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, which were previously well established epidemics and therefore are considered global syndemics. Although an enormous progress towards understanding mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection leading to COVID-19 has been made, there are still many areas of uncertainty to clarify. Systemic diseases are characterized by common links that allow integrating apparently unrelated disease manifestations. The authors launch the provocative hypothesis that serotonin is the putative mediator linking the lung, gut, cardiac, neurological, and other systemic manifestations that characterize severe COVID-19 in individuals with diabetes and obesity. In support of a role for serotonin in the mechanisms leading to disease severity are the similarities between acute and post-acute COVID-19 manifestations and neuroendocrine tumors presenting with carcinoid syndrome. Scientific discussion is set by highlighting the available clues that support this working hypothesis to trigger future research aimed at unravelling the molecular pathways underlying SARS-CoV-2 infection that are still far from being fully disclosed.
O assassinato de Annibal Theophilo: honra literária e conflitos entre escritores no Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Balaban Marcelo
Published: January 2022

No dia 19 de junho de 1915, o poeta Annibal Theophilo foi morto, a tiros, pelo também escritor e deputado federal Gilberto Amado. O crime despertou imediato interesse no público carioca. Além do gosto por acontecimentos espetaculares, sobretudo para crimes, aquele evento estava recheado de elementos misteriosos. Ocorreu em um ambiente elegante, em plena luz do dia, envolveu dois escritores e aconteceu no final de um ilustrado evento social. Analisando alguns aspectos desse crime espetacular, este artigo argumenta ser este um crime de honra, mais precisamente, de honra literária. O trágico episódio envolvendo Annibal Theophilo e Gilberto Amado abre uma preciosa janela, pela qual se pode flagrar tanto os sentidos da distinção social construído pela via da elegância e civilidade, como expôs as diferenças entre os literatos.
Verdade e prova: História, retórica, literatura, memória
Authors: Chartier Roger
Published: January 2022

Em um contexto desafiador para o conhecimento histórico, flanqueado por reivindicações das memórias individuais e coletivas, pelas pretensões de saber da literatura e sob o cerco de vários regimes de produção e de consumo do falso, faz-se urgente demarcar suas condições de possibilidade. É o que se propõe neste ensaio a partir de reflexões calcadas no problema da “vontade de verdade”, nas relações entre retórica e prova, história, ficção e literatura, memória e esquecimento. Com elas, busca-se mostrar os riscos implicados na desconstituição da autoridade da noção de verdade em seu lastro ético-epistemológico, indispensável à defesa das sociedades democráticas.
Impact of Number of Passes Before Rescue Therapy in Thrombectomy for Basilar Artery Strokes
Authors: Lun Ronda , Walker Gregory , Weisenburger‐Lile David , Lapergue Bertrand , Guenego Adrien , Heran Navraj , Siu William , Dargazanli Cyril , Benali Amel , Gory Benjamin , Richard Sébastien , Ducroux Célina , Piotin Michel , Blanc Raphael , Labreuche Julien , Lucas Ludovic , Haddad John , Aubertin Mathilde , Vannier Stéphane , Guillen Maud , Eugene François , Maier Benjamin , Marnat Gaultier , Detraz Lili , Bourcier Romain , Fahed Robert ,   for the ETIS investigators (list of investigators at the end of the article)
Published: January 2022

Background

When standard endovascular thrombectomy techniques fail to achieve a successful recanalization, it is often necessary to use rescue therapies (RTs). RTs are more commonly used in basilar artery occlusions and conventionally thought to represent “a last resort option.” We sought to study the outcomes of basilar artery occlusion patients who received RT, and further hypothesize that the number of instrumental passes before initiation of RT may be associated with increased risk for poor clinical outcomes.

Methods

We performed a retrospective analysis of the ETIS (“Endovascular Treatment in Ischemic Stroke”) registry. Our primary analysis included 277 patients who underwent thrombectomy for basilar artery occlusion, of whom 74 patients (26.7%) who received RT, defined as the use of intra‐arterial drugs, angioplasty, or stenting. Primary outcome measures included successful or complete reperfusion (final modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction ≥2b or 3), functional independence (modified Rankin scale of 0–2), and mortality at 3 months.

Results

RT patients were more likely to have an atherosclerotic cause than non‐RT patients (46/74 [62.2%] versus 38/203 [18.7%]), were more likely to die (42/74 [56.8%] versus 73/203 [36.0%]), and were less likely to achieve functional independence (12/74 [16.2%] versus 84/203 [41.4%]). In the RT cohort, 17 of 74 patients (23.0%) had 1 pass before RT initiation, and 8 of 17 (47.1%) achieved a modified Rankin scale score of 0 to 2 at 3 months, with a mortality rate of 23.5% (4/17). The chance of achieving good clinical outcome decreased with each additional pass, whereas mortality increased. The odds of mortality at 3 months were highest in the >3 passes group, with an odds ratio of 10.29 (95% CI, 2.42–43.81) compared with 1 pass. None of the 25 patients with >3 passes before RT achieved 3‐month functional independence.

Conclusions

There is a significant correlation between the number of passes before initiation of RT and 3‐month clinical outcomes in basilar artery occlusion patients.
A review of 263 years of taxonomic research on Hypoplectrus (Perciformes: Serranidae), with a redescription of Hypoplectrus affinis (Poey, 1861)
Authors: PUEBLA OSCAR , COULMANCE FLORIANE , ESTAPÉ CARLOS J. , ESTAPÉ ALLISON MORGAN , ROBERTSON D. ROSS
Published: January 2022

The hamlets (Hypoplectrus spp., Perciformes: Serranidae) constitute a distinctive model system for the study of a variety of ecological and evolutionary processes including the evolution and maintenance of simultaneous hermaphroditism and egg trading, sex allocation, sexual selection, social-trap, mimicry, dispersal, speciation, and adaptive radiation. Addressing such fundamental and complex processes requires a good knowledge of the taxonomy and natural history of the hamlets. Here, we review the taxonomy of the hamlets, from early ichthyological studies to the most recent species description in 2018. We report a total of 72 different binomial names for Hypoplectrus, synonymized or invalidated down to 17 unambiguously recognized species today. In addition, we redescribe Hypoplectrus affinis (Poey, 1861) as a valid species. In Bocas del Toro (Panama), this hamlet is distinct from eight sympatric congeners in terms of colour pattern, body size and behaviour. Whole-genome analysis and spawning observations indicate that it is genetically distinct from sympatric congeners and reproductively isolated through assortative pairing. Based on the colour pattern we detail in its redescription, live-fish photographs, videos, and earlier reports, H. affinis occurs in Panama, Nicaragua, Mexico, the Florida Keys, Cuba, Grand Cayman, Jamaica, the Dominican Republic, Los Roques (Venezuela), Bonaire, and Tobago. We conclude with a discussion of pending taxonomic issues in this group and the species status of the hamlets in general.
A New Species of Red-eyed frog of the genus Pristimantis (Anura: Strabomantidae) from the Western Slope of the Cordillera Occidental, Risaralda, Colombia
Authors: DUARTE-MARÍN SEBASTIÁN , MONTOYA-MARÍN MANUELA , RIVERA-GÓMEZ JACKELINE
Published: January 2022

We describe a new species of red-eyed frog of the genus Pristimantis from the tropical forest at elevations of 1000–1350 m on western slope of the Cordillera Occidental, department of Risaralda, Colombia. The new species differs from congeners by having dorsum skin shagreened with low tubercles; vocal sac single, median and subgular in males, iris red wine in females copper red in males, and by presenting black groin coloration with yellow light blotches. In addition, the new species has concave frontoparietals, an unusual character described in Brachycephaloidea frog species.
A report on occurrence of Phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) and two new country records from Andaman & Nicobar Islands, a Union territory of India
Authors: JAMBULINGAM P. , SRINIVASAN R. , GOPALAKRISHNAN S.
Published: January 2022

A cross-sectional survey was carried out to determine sand fly fauna of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands that are known for tourist attraction from different countries, due to their scenic beauty. The study area includes 40 localities, stretching from south and middle to north Andaman Islands. Sand fly collections were made from day time resting shelters such as human dwellings, cattle-shed, and bushes in fringe of villages. A total of 1055 sand flies, comprising of six species were collected. Se. (Neo.) barraudi was found to be the predominant species, comprising of 57.7% of the total. Other species found to occur were Se. (Par.) babu (27. 4%), Se. (bailyi) 8. 1%, Se. (Neo.) gemmea (4. 9%), Se. (Neo.) quatei (2. 1%) and Phlebotomus (Ana.) stantoni (0.3%). Se. (Neo.) gemmea is reported to be a vector transmitting visceral leishmaniasis and dermal leishmaniasis in southern Thailand. Se. (Neo.) gemmea and Se (Neo.) quatei are new country records adding to the existing list of sand fly fauna of India. This is the first report on sand flies from Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
Multistep Forecasting of Soil Moisture Using Spatiotemporal Deep Encoder–Decoder Networks
Authors: Li Lu , Dai Yongjiu , Shangguan Wei , Wei Nan , Wei Zhongwang , Gupta Surya
Published: January 2022

Accurate spatiotemporal predictions of surface soil moisture (SM) are important for many critical applications. Machine learning models provide a powerful method for building an accurate and reliable predictive model of SM. However, the models used in recent studies have some limitations, including lack of spatial autocorrelation (SAC), vague representation of important features, and primarily focused on the one-step forecast. Thus, we proposed an attention based convolutional long-short term memory model (AttConvLSTM) for multistep forecasting. The model includes three layers; spatial compression, axial attention, and encoder-decoder prediction, which are used for compressing spatial information, feature extraction, and multistep prediction, respectively. The model was trained using surface SM from Soil Moisture Active Passive L4 product at 18km spatial resolution over the United States. The results show that AttConvLSTM predicts 24 hours ahead SM with mean R2 and RMSE is equal to 0.82 and 0.02, respectively. Compared with LSTM, AttConvLSTM improves the model performance over 73.6% of regions, with an improvement of 8.4% and 17.4% in R2 and RMSE, respectively. The performance of the model is mainly influenced by temporal autocorrelation (TAC). Moreover, we also highlight the importance of SAC on model performance, especially over regions with high SAC and low TAC. Moreover, our model is also competent for SM predictions from several hours to several days, which could be a useful tool for predicting all meteorological variables and forecasting extremes.
Supporting vulnerable students: Staff and parents speak
Authors: Testa Doris
Published: January 2022

Background:

Schools are at the forefront of promoting positive mental health and wellbeing through the implementation of evidence-based actions. Few Australian studies however have explored the views and experiences of school staff and parents as to what best supports secondary school students who struggle with positive mental health.

Aims:

This article describes findings from an exploratory study looking at the views and experiences of 74 staff and parents at four Melbourne Catholic Secondary schools. The study sought to understand how staff and parents experienced, offered and understood support to vulnerable secondary school students.

Methods:

The review and analysis drew on data collected from four staff groups and four parent focus groups. Participants in each group shared their views as to what they considered effective support to vulnerable secondary school students.

Results:

Findings indicated that the destigmatisation of mental ill-health conditions, greater attention to the transition between primary and secondary school, and the display of unconditional positive regard are critical to supporting vulnerable young students.

Conclusion:

Strengthening support to vulnerable young students requires school structures that (a) mitigate against stigmatisation, (b) recognise the period between childhood and adulthood as a time of heightened risk and (c) include staff whose posture towards vulnerable young students is one of unconditional positive regard.
Making Mangaung Metro: The politics of metropolitan reform in a South African secondary city
Authors: Subramanyam Nidhi , Marais Lochner
Published: January 2022

Metropolitan reforms, which include the creation of unified metropolitan governments through municipal mergers and reclassification, are emerging as one strategy to address planning and service delivery challenges in the wake of increasing urbanisation across sub-Saharan Africa. Although metropolitanisation adds service area and mandates, well-functioning secondary cities that are part of a two-tier governance system in South Africa are pursuing metropolitanisation. The case of Mangaung, an early instance of secondary city metropolitanisation, is an opportunity to examine the motivations underlying these reforms, the politics involved and their impacts on urban governance. Mangaung’s political and administrative leadership pursued metropolitanisation to jump scale, attain greater political autonomy vis-à-vis other tiers of government, and obtain fiscal and technical resources available only to metropolitan municipalities in South Africa’s urban municipal hierarchy. Metropolitanisation was no panacea for Mangaung’s governance challenges, however, since it did not resolve the underlying weaknesses in municipal capacity or the regional economy, nor did it address the spatial legacies of apartheid that produced a sprawling metropolitan service area. As other South African secondary cities contemplate metropolitanisation, we recommend revising municipal structures and mandates and strengthening administrative capacities and economies in secondary cities.
Identifying Patient Characteristics That Predict Drug‐Induced Sleep Endoscopy Anatomy
Authors: Gao Thomas Zhang , Pan Xueliang , Naik Akash , Khandalavala Rohan , Ramsell Stuart , Gibbs Hannah , Chio Eugene
Published: January 2022

Objective

To examine if age, sex, body mass index (BMI), neck circumference, or apnea‐hypopnea index can predict whether a patient will demonstrate velopharyngeal complete circumferential (CC) collapse on drug‐induced sleep endoscopy (DISE).

Study Design

Single‐center retrospective review at The Ohio State Wexner Medical Center of 289 patients between March 2014 and June 2020.

Setting

Quaternary care hospital.

Methods

Patient characteristic and DISE information was extracted from charts and summarized with mean and standard deviation for continuous variables and count and percentage for categorical. CC collapse and patient characteristic associations were explored: 2‐sample t test for continuous and chi‐square test for categorical. Classification and regression tree (CART) analysis with 3‐fold cross‐validation was employed to search for the best CC collapse predictors.

Results

Male and female BMI and female neck circumference were correlated to velopharyngeal CC collapse, with BMI more strongly correlated. CART analysis for males showed that a BMI ≤34.8 kg/m2 is associated with an 89.4% chance of not demonstrating velopharyngeal CC collapse vs 48% for BMI >34.8 (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.705; AUC >0.7 is acceptable). For females, the CART analysis showed that a BMI ≤36.4 is associated with a 98.4% of not demonstrating velopharyngeal CC collapse vs 30.8% for BMI >36.4 (AUC = 0.73). For females, a neck circumference ≤38.05 cm is associated with a 100% chance of not demonstrating velopharyngeal CC collapse vs 18.4% for >38.05 cm (AUC = 0.72).

Conclusion

The BMI values for males and females and the female neck circumference values established by the CART model may accurately predict DISE anatomy and possible candidacy for hypoglossal nerve stimulation.
Is Feminist Identity Beneficial for Women’s Career Aspirations? Examining Feminist Identity Profiles
Authors: Lee Jaeeun , Wessel Jennifer L.
Published: January 2022

Using latent profile analysis, we examined whether different feminist identity profiles are differentially related to career-related cognitions among women. We identified profiles of feminist identity based on feminist attitudes, feminist self-identification, and participation in feminist activism. In addition, we examined whether the profiles are differentially related to women’s career aspirations, anticipated family-interference-with-work, and willingness to compromise career for family. In Study 1, three profiles of feminist identity (Non-labeler, Passive feminist, and Active feminist) emerged from responses of 282 female undergraduate and graduate students ( Mage = 20.47). In Study 2, three profiles of feminist identity (Non-feminist, Non-labeler, and Active feminist) emerged from responses of 490 adults recruited from Mechanical Turk ( Mage = 38.62). Results showed that the profiles characterized by stronger feminist self-identification were more positively related to women’s career-related cognitions than the profiles characterized by weaker feminist self-identification. Moreover, the profiles characterized by stronger participation in feminist activism were more positively associated with career-related cognitions. These findings suggest a potential benefit of feminist identity and participation in feminist activism for women’s career aspirations.
Investigation into the effect of the aspect ratio of cylindrical surface microstructure on von Willebrand factor damage
Authors: Mei Xu , Zhang Liudi , Zhu Yuxin
Published: January 2022

Hemorrhagic episodes in patients carrying mechanical circulatory support represent a severe clinical complication. These bleeding episodes may originate from a reduced functionality of von Willebrand factor (VWF), a multimer protein pertinent to form a hemostatic plug. The reduced functionality is due to increased loss of high molecular weight von Willebrand factor multimers (HMWM-VWF), a phenomenon that is facilitated by device-induced increases in shear stress to which VWF is exposed. However, in addition to the mechanics factors, VWF damage may also be affected by interface factors, including the properties of bulk material and the surface characteristics. In this study, the effect of cylindrical surface microstructure topography on VWF damage was investigated. In the 1 to 9 range, the high aspect ratio surface features were constructed on the polycarbonate (PC) films. The topographic surfaces were fabricated by 3D printing casting on a template. A roller pump circulation platform was built to conduct in vitro experiments. VWF antigen (VWF-Ag) and VWF ristocetin cofactor activity (VWF-Rico) on these topographic surfaces were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the loss of HMWM-VWF was quantified by immunoblotting. The lower loss of HMWM-VWF was observed on surfaces with high aspect ratio compared to the pristine PC templates and surfaces with low aspect ratio, while VWF-Ag was nearly unchanged. The topographical parameters found to significantly reduce the loss of HMWM-VWF were high aspect ratio structures of more than 5. The results signify that topographical manipulation of surfaces is a feasible approach for reducing the loss of HMWM-VWF.
Decellularized human amniotic membrane reinforced by MoS2-Polycaprolactone nanofibers, a novel conductive scaffold for cardiac tissue engineering
Authors: Nazari Hojjallah , Heirani-Tabasi Asieh , Esmaeili Elaheh , Kajbafzadeh Abdol-Mohammad , Hassannejad Zahra , Boroomand Safiye , Shahsavari Alavijeh Mohammad Hossein , Mishan Mohammad Amir , Ahmadi Tafti Seyed Hossein , Warkiani Majid Ebrahimi , Dadgar Neda
Published: January 2022

In order to regenerate myocardial tissues with functional characteristics, we need to copy some properties of the myocardium, such as its extracellular matrix and electrical conductivity. In this study, we synthesized nanosheets of Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), and integrated them into polycaprolactone (PCL) and electrospun on the surface of decellularized human amniotic membrane (DHAM) with the purpose of improving the scaffolds mechanical properties and electrical conductivity. For in vitro studies, we seeded the mouse embryonic cardiac cells, mouse Embryonic Cardiac Cells (mECCs), on the scaffolds and then studied the MoS2 nanocomposites by scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. In addition, we characterized the DHAM/PCL and DHAM/PCL-MoS2 by SEM, transmission electron microscopy, water contact angle measurement, electrical conductivity, and tensile test. Besides, we confirmed the scaffolds are biocompatible by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide, MTT assay. Furthermore, by means of SEM images, it was shown that mECCs attached to the DHAM/PCL-MoS2 scaffold have more cell aggregations and elongated morphology. Furthermore, through the Real-Time PCR and immunostaining studies, we found out cardiac genes were maturated and upregulated, and they also included GATA-4, c-TnT, NKX 2.5, and alpha-myosin heavy chain in cells cultured on DHAM/PCL-MoS2 scaffold in comparison to DHAM/PCL and DHAM. Therefore, in terms of cardiac tissue engineering, DHAM nanofibrous scaffolds reinforced by PCL-MoS2 can be suggested as a proper candidate.
The longitudinal interplay of personality and school experiences in adolescence
Authors: Israel Anne , Brandt Naemi D , Spengler Marion , Göllner Richard , Lüdtke Oliver , Trautwein Ulrich , Wagner Jenny
Published: January 2022

The school environment is one key developmental context that is assumed to shape individual characteristics during adolescence. However, little is known about which school experiences are central to personality change or whether school experiences and personality co-shape each other over time. We address this gap by examining the longitudinal interplay between seven school experiences in the three domains of achievement, social relationships, and well-being, and the Big Five personality traits at four measurement points from fifth to eighth grade. By using data from the German TRAIN study ( N = 3,473, MageT1 = 11.1 years, 45% female), we estimated bivariate latent growth curve models and cross-lagged panel models to illustrate this longitudinal interplay. Results demonstrated correlated change between school experiences and personality with differentiated patterns for achievement variables and a general longitudinal interplay with the social relationship and well-being variables. Furthermore, we found cross-lagged effects in both directions, although there were more effects of personality on school experiences. The most consistent predictor of school experiences was conscientiousness, whereas well-being in school in particular was related to personality change 1 year later. We integrate our findings into the current picture of personality development in adolescence and the role of school-related environmental factors.
Dancing in the rain
Authors: Kondo Dorinne
Published: January 2022

Worldmaking is a genre-bending ethnographic/theoretical analysis of labor and race-making in the US theater industry, grounded in Kondo’s full participation in theater as anthropologist, performance studies scholar, dramaturg and playwright. The narrative trajectory toward what Kondo calls “reparative creativity,” inspired by Kleinian theory and its appropriations in queer of color critique, grounds her analysis of the work of artists of color Anna Deavere Smith, David Henry Hwang, and her own full-length play. She disrupts the theory/ practice binary by spotlighting creative labor and race-making, and destabilizes the personal/structural divide through her concepts of “racial affect” and “affective violence.” Theater and the arts are more than second-order representation; they are zones of public existence. Kondo locates shared themes of destruction/creation, genre-bending, and embodiment/ affect/ movement as she “dances in the rain” with her interlocutors Joshua Chambers-Letson and Aimee Cox.