bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Drogue et techno : les contradictions de l’État
Authors: Lafargue de Grangeneuve Loïc
Published: April 2023

Droga y tecno : las contradicciones de la acción del Estado

La presencia de las drogas en las fiestas «rave » (rave-parties) se conoce desde hace mucho tiempo. Ésta justifica la intervención del Estado dentro de dichas aglomeraciones desde sus orígenes. En Francia, hay un nuevo marco jurídico que abarca dichas manifestaciones desde el 2002 : el objetivo de este artículo es estudiar esa transformación en el contexto de la acción pública contra las drogas dentro de los raves. No obstante, sus contradicciones son manifiestas. De un lado el Estado lleva a cabo una represión de los raves, persiguiendo también la prohibición de las drogas. Por el otro, sostiene una política de reducción de riesgos (RDR) iniciada por las asociaciones. Estas dos medidas resultan poco complementarias. La seguridad sanitaria dentro de los raves es finalmente el centro de múltiples controversias, pues los diferentes actores concernidos no comparten una misma definición.
Les infections nosocomiales : un risque collectif en cours de normalisation ?
Authors: Carricaburu Danièle , Lhuilier Dominique
Published: April 2023

Si la découverte des antibiotiques a pu laisser croire que la crainte multiséculaire des infections hospitalières allait disparaître, les résistances bactériennes sont apparues très rapidement et ont alerté les professionnels concernés. Cependant, ce problème est resté confiné dans le monde hospitalier jusqu’à l’éclatement de l’affaire de la clinique du Sport en 1997. Avec cette affaire, les infections nosocomiales basculent du registre sanitaire vers celui du politique et deviennent un risque collectif. Cet article a pour objectif d’analyser, non pas la mise sur agenda, mais certaines séquences de la trajectoire de ce problème, c’est-à-dire les différentes transformations et qualifications dont il a été l’objet, la dernière en date préfigurant un retour de l’acceptabilité sociale de ce risque.
Du sumaan ndiig au paludisme infantile : la dynamique des représentations en milieu rural sereer sinig (Sénégal)
Authors: Faye Sylvain
Published: April 2023

Cet article examine, par le biais d’une recherche qualitative, le processus de construction des représentations populaires du sumaan ndiig

infantile chez les Sereer sinig de Niakhar au Sénégal. Il s’agit de montrer que les données biomédicales sont intégrées à ces représentations et d’examiner les modalités de cette intégration. Dans un contexte de brassages sociaux et d’ouverture, on note que la circulation des informations biomédicales — IEC (information, éducation, communication), médias, équipes de recherche, expériences migratoires — a eu un effet sur les représentations populaires : le moustique, ainsi que ses médiateurs, sont associés au sumaan ndiig, une maladie moins banalisée. La perception de la fièvre persistante est en mutation. Au-delà de l’effet des campagnes d’information, cette attitude est aussi déterminée par les expériences subjectives actuelles des familles face à cette maladie. Pourtant, la spécificité des représentations qui tournent autour de l’hivernage, de la vulnérabilité de l’enfant et de certains savoirs populaires reste encore évoquée dans les constructions étiologiques du paludisme. Ces passerelles établies, de manière syncrétique, entre ces divers référents font du paludisme une maladie en mutation dans les registres interprétatifs des parents.
Le trouble somatoforme douloureux : la traduction médicolégale d’une catégorie psychiatrique
Authors: Ferreira Cristina
Published: April 2023

Résumé. Depuis les années 1990, l’octroi de rentes d’invalidité aux personnes souffrant de syndromes douloureux chroniques et de troubles psychiques suscite des débats vifs dans le contexte suisse. De l’avis des autorités politiques, ces cas d’assurance auraient contribué au déficit financier de l’assurance-invalidité et devraient donc faire l’objet d’évaluations plus strictes. Parmi les diagnostics identifiés comme incertains du point de vue médicolégal, le trouble somatoforme douloureux est sans doute celui qui a été le plus débattu par les experts. L’objectif de cet article vise à décrire le processus par lequel cette entité nosologique psychiatrique est devenue une catégorie juridique. Cette traduction a été jugée nécessaire en raison des controverses médicales qui avaient cours sur ce diagnostic et qui complexifiaient le travail des juges, au point de les confronter au risque de prendre des décisions arbitraires. Il s’agira de décrire la mise en forme du problème à partir des réflexions et des hypothèses étiologiques avancées par des experts psychiatres. La tentative de conciliation de leurs sensibilités épistémiques a été tentée par un juge qui a formalisé les critères juridiques d’appréciation des syndromes douloureux chroniques. Ainsi est née une jurisprudence analysée dans une recherche dont cet article est issu.
Quand la réanimation échoue : l’expérience des familles
Authors: Legrand Emilie
Published: April 2023

Cuando la reanimación fracasa : la experiencia de las familias

¿ Cómo las familias construyen su experiencia de la reanimación cuando ésta, a pesar del progreso continuo, fracasa ? Este artículo se interesa en la forma en que las familias construyen, dan sentido y restituyen esta experiencia algunos meses después del deceso de un ser cercano en un servicio de reanimación médica. Se pone en evidencia de una parte, que independientemente de la singularidad de cada caso, las familias atraviesan una fase de esperanza, esperanza que tiende a deconstruirse concomitantemente en esta trayectoria ; y de otra parte que esta experiencia implica incertitud, incertitud que al final cuestiona la noción de confianza, desde luego contra los profesionales pero más globalmente hacia al sistema de atención.
Statistiques « ouvertes » et ergonomie « myope » : combiner les niveaux d’analyse en santé au travail
Authors: Volkoff Serge
Published: April 2023

Cet article interroge, dans le domaine de la santé au travail, la capacité des statistiques à entretenir un dialogue fructueux avec l’ergonomie. Le rapport avec les outils quantitatifs ne pose pas les mêmes problèmes selon le courant de l’ergonomie auquel on s’intéresse. Pour les ergonomes soucieux d’analyser de près l’activité réelle, en coopération avec les travailleurs eux-mêmes, l’articulation avec les approches statistiques suppose que ces dernières adoptent une méthodologie «ouverte » . L’article précise les traits essentiels de cette méthodologie, avant de montrer sur quelques exemples en quoi une combinaison des niveaux d’analyse peut s’avérer féconde.
Les fibres courtes d’amiante sont-elles toxiques ? Production de connaissances scientifiques et maladies professionnelles
Authors: Thébaud-Mony Annie
Published: April 2023

Depuis une dizaine d’années, des historiens et des chercheurs en santé publique ont pris pour objet de recherche les conditions de production scientifique des effets sanitaires de nombreux produits industriels, notamment l’amiante. Ils montrent comment les industriels induisent en permanence de l’incertitude sur la toxicité de leurs produits par le biais des chercheurs dont ils contrôlent les travaux. Cet article retrace la genèse d’un débat venant semer le doute sur la toxicité des fibres courtes d’amiante et analyse son impact dans l’expertise collective sur la toxicité comparée de fibres d’amiante — courtes, fines et «réglementaires » , c’est-à-dire longues — dont les résultats ont été rendus publics en février 2009 par l’Agence française de sécurité sanitaire de l’environnement et du travail (AFSSET). Dans une première partie, l’auteur analyse le développement d’une «vraie fausse controverse » , engagée à l’initiative des industriels américains de l’automobile. Consacrées par la publication de résultats dans les revues scientifiques internationales à comité de lecture, les recherches financées par les industriels acquièrent une légitimité, en dépit de l’expression critique argumentée que ces travaux suscitent au sein même de la communauté scientifique américaine. Exporté hors de celle-ci et des conflits qui s’y déroulent, ce débat revêt le caractère d’une véritable question scientifique reprise à leur compte par les experts français réunis par l’AFSSET. La seconde partie analyse comment l’expertise collective AFSSET est elle-même dominée par les recherches contrôlées par les industriels. L’auteur montre une approche sélective des travaux de la littérature sur le sujet, dans le contexte d’une absence de données françaises et d’études sur l’exposition aux fibres d’amiante de différentes dimensions. Les conséquences qui en résultent, tant dans le champ de la production des connaissances que de la réparation et de la prévention des maladies professionnelles, sont discutées en conclusion.
Le partage de l’hypersensible : le surgissement des électro-hypersensibles dans l’espace public
Authors: Chateauraynaud Francis , Debaz Josquin
Published: April 2023

L’évolution récente des controverses sanitaires et environnementales dans les pays industrialisés a fait surgir de nouvelles maladies, souvent rangées sous l’appellation de syndrome inexpliqué. Cet article examine la manière dont la cause des électro-hypersensibles a émergé dans le dossier des ondes électromagnétiques qui a rejoint au cours de l’hiver 2007-2008, du point de vue de leur portée médiatique, les grands dossiers comme l’amiante, la radioactivité, les OGM ou les pesticides. À partir de l’étude des acteurs et des arguments et du témoignage de personnes électrosensibles, cette recherche propose une reformulation du thème de l’intuition dans le monde sensible, moment indispensable pour traiter symétriquement les controverses sur les catégories et la distribution des expériences individuelles et collectives.
Les trois âges de la santé communautaire en Afrique du Sud
Authors: Wet Katinka de
Published: April 2023

À trois reprises au cours de l’histoire sud-africaine, une approche de santé communautaire a été d’actualité et ce afin de répondre aux problèmes sanitaires de la population noire dans le pays. Chacune des périodes, à savoir les années 1940, les années 1980 et la période postapartheid, témoigne d’un enchevêtrement spécifique de crises lié à cette option sanitaire. En regard des deux premiers épisodes, la singularité de l’approche de santé communautaire actuelle réside dans sa légitimité et dans l’investissement qui l’accompagne. Ainsi, cette approche contemporaine pourrait être qualifiée de «nouvelle idéologie de prise en charge » .
Les violences sexuelles dans l’enfance chez les femmes kanakes de Nouvelle-Calédonie : vers un abaissement du seuil des violences tolérées
Authors: Hamelin Christine , Salomon Christine , Lert France
Published: April 2023

Abuso sexual de la infancia entre las mujeres kanakas en Nueva Caledonia (Pacífico) : una rápida transformacion social en materia de género

Este artículo se interesa en el abuso sexual de la infancia entre las mujeres kanakas en Nueva Caledonia (Pacífico). Los datos proceden de una estudio sobre mujeres entre 18-54 años de edad. Entre las mujeres Kanakas, una cada ocho informo de haber si do victima de abuso sexual antes de los 15 años. La mayoría de los casos fueron perpetrados por un miembro varón de la familia. Las mujeres jóvenes tenían más probabilidades de abuso sexual en la niñez que la mayores. Los resultados conducen a examinar las cuestiones planteadas por la medición de abuso sexual en la niñez en esa comunidad indígena, en la cual la persistencia de las desigualdades sociales relacionadas con la historia colonial coexisten con una rápida transformacion social en materia de género y en las familias.
L’expérience dans la production de savoirs profanes sur le diabète chez des patients diabétiques à Bamako (Mali)
Authors: Tijou-Traoré Annick
Published: April 2023

Cet article étudie les modalités de construction de savoirs de patients autour du diabète. L’analyse s’appuie sur des entretiens menés auprès d’hommes et de femmes, vivant à Bamako au Mali et ayant recours à la biomédecine. L’étude montre que la production de ces savoirs profanes s’appuie en partie sur des politiques de prise en charge pensées aux échelles internationale et nationale dont certains éléments modèlent tant la quête de savoirs que certaines des modalités de leur production. Mais c’est davantage à l’échelle microlocale que la construction de savoirs se structure. Cette échelle d’analyse révèle la diversité des sources de savoirs que mobilisent les malades. Parmi celles-ci, l’expérience occupe une place importante mais ambivalente. Le lien entre expérience et savoirs prend en partie forme à partir de la configuration spatiale des centres de santé fréquentés et s’articule, selon les patients, autour des notions de légitimité et d’efficacité, révélant des tensions entre les savoirs transmis par les professionnels et les savoirs issus de l’expérience.
Le courtier du virtuel : l’accès controversé aux informations médicales en ligne au Mali
Authors: Droz Yvan , Steiner Béatrice , Weyer Frédérique
Published: April 2023

El agente de lo virtual : el polémico acceso a las informaciones medicales on-line en Mali

La telemedicina ocupa un lugar preferente en los discursos internacionales y las iniciativas para promoverla abundan, en particular en los países del Sur. A pesar de este entusiasmo, existen muy pocas informaciones acerca del acceso a Internet para el personal de la salud en estos países y los usos sociales de este medio de comunicación. Este artículo acerca de las prácticas asociadas a la telemedicina presenta los resultados de una investigación cualitativa realizada en 2007 en Mali. Por una parte, muestra que estas prácticas contribuyen a fortalecer la jerarquía existente en el seno del personal de la salud y que, por otra parte, numerosos intermediarios se interponen entre el mundo de Internet y los profesionales de la salud, poniendo así en evidencia una nueva figura : la del agente de lo virtual. De esta manera, la dimensión de las relaciones de poder es esencial para entender la apropiación de la telemedicina por el personal de la salud.
Predicting Moral Elevation Conveyed in Danmaku Comments Using EEGs
Authors: Bao Chenhao , Hu Xin , Zhang Dan , Lv Zhao , Chen Jingjing
Published: April 2023

Moral elevation, the emotion that arises when individuals observe others’ moral behaviors, plays an important role in determining moral behaviors in real life. While recent research has demonstrated the potential to decode basic emotions with brain signals, there has been limited exploration of affective computing for moral elevation, an emotion related to social cognition. To address this gap, we recorded electroencephalography (EEG) signals from 23 participants while they viewed videos that were expected to elicit moral elevation. More than 30,000 danmaku comments were extracted as a crowdsourcing tagging method to label moral elevation continuously at a 1-s temporal resolution. Then, by employing power spectra features and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regularized regression analyses, we achieved a promising prediction performance for moral elevation (predictionr = 0.44 ± 0.11). Our findings indicate that it is possible to decode moral elevation using EEG signals. Moreover, the small-sample neural data can predict the continuous moral elevation experience conveyed in danmaku comments from a large population.
Improving prevention measures for healthcare-associated urinary tract infections
Authors: Sursyakova K. I. , Safyanova T. V.
Published: April 2023

Aim. To develop an algorithm for a comprehensive assessment of endogenous and exogenous factors and risks of urinary tract infections (UTI) to improve prevention measures in multidisciplinary healthcare organizations.

Materials and methods. All patients included in the study were divided into two groups. Group 1 was formed on the basis of the Altai Regional Hospital for War Veterans (700 medical histories). Regional Clinical Hospital provided 500 medical histories. Endogenous and exogenous risk factors were assessed in patients included in the study.

Results. Following a comprehensive assessment of exogenous and endogenous risk factors of healthcare-associated UTI among patients of different ages, an algorithm for improving prevention measures has been developed.

Conclusions. The algorithm of prevention measures for expert evaluation of risk factors and groups of healthcare-associated UTI enables the prevention of these infections to be improved. The creation of databases of risk factors that contribute to infection is essential for providing expert evaluation of standard operating procedures and internal quality audits of medical activities, as well as for determining the optimal prevention measures reducing the incidence of UTIs.
Evaluating etiological significance of Enterococcus faecalis isolated from children with urinary tract infection
Authors: Komenkova T. S. , Zaitseva E. A.
Published: April 2023

Aim. To conduct comprehensive evaluation of microbiological properties of Enterococcus faecalis, isolated from urine in children with urinary system infections (UTI), to determine their etiological significance.

Materials and methods. The study employed clinical isolates E. faecalis (n = 51) from the urine of children aged 3 days to 17 years who were treated for urinary tract infection between 2013 and 2017. The biological properties of enterococci were evaluated by means of classical microbiological and up-to-date molecular genetic methods. Statistical processing of digital data was carried out using non-parametric methods.

Results. Phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity of microbiological properties of the studied urinary enterococci isolates was revealed. Using statistical methods of analysis, the authors established significant correlations between pathogenicity genes, antibiotic resistance and phenotypic manifestations of biological properties in urinary isolates E. faecalis. The results of evaluating the phenotypic manifestations of biological properties and the presence of certain genes enabled the enterococci to be classified into groups that correlated with certain sequence types (ST). Based on the revealed relationships of some biological properties of urinary isolates E. faecalis with certain sequence types, the authors developed an algorithm for assessing etiologically significant and highly virulent E. faecalis isolated from the urine of children with UTI.

Conclusions. A comprehensive determination of some, potentially relevant biological properties, of the pathogen – enzymatic activity associated with pathogenicity and biochemical activities, antibiotic resistance (not only at the phenotypic, but also at the genetic level) – allows for assessing the diagnostic value of urostams E. faecalis, isolated from the urine of children with UTI, which will contribute to a personalized approach to treatment of these patients.
Wound microflora and antibiotic resistance in burn patients
Authors: Potapov A. F. , Shamaeva S. H. , Ivanova A. A. , Semenova S. V.
Published: April 2023

Aim. To explore the etiological structure of wound microflora and its antimicrobial susceptibility in burn patients treated in hospital burn departments.

Materials and methods. The authors analyzed the microbiology testing results of 2354 wound exudates in samples of 1581 patients with severe burns who underwent treatment in the Burn Unit and Department of Anesthesiology, Resuscitation and Intensive Care of the Center for Emergency Medical Care of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in the period from 2016 to 2020. Data processing and antibiotic resistance analysis were performed via AMRcloud online platform (Beta version, 05.07.2022).

Results. Of the pathogens isolated in the burn wounds, Staphylococcus aureus accounted for 26.1%, Enterococcus faecalis – 24.5%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa – 11.9%, Klebsiella pneumonia – 9.4%, Acinetobacter baumannii – 7.9% and Escherichia coli – 6.0%. The susceptibility of isolated microbial strains to carbapenems and high resistance to cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones were established.

Conclusion. Microbial strains detected in burn patients indicate infection of wounds with representatives of nosocomial flora and their high resistance to commonly used antibiotics.
PENGARUH CITRA MEREK DAN HARGA TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PRODUK KOSMETIK PURBASARI DI JAKARTA TIMUR
Authors: Ramawati Alfina , Setiorini Amanda
Published: April 2023

This study was conducted to determine the effect of brand image and price on purchasing decisions either simultaneously or partially on Purbasari Cosmetic Products in East Jakarta. The sampling technique in this study was carried out by the accidental sampling technique. The sample used in this study was 100 respondents who were taken from the population of consumers or buyers of Purbasari Cosmetics Obtaining data using a questionnaire with a differential semantic scale. Data analysis in this study is quantitative using multiple linear regression. The results of tests conducted, it was found the fact that Brand Image and Price simultaneously have a positive and significant influence on purchase decisions.
High Key Transgression: Queerness, Disability Justice, and Music to Reimagine Our Selves
Authors: Yingling Tosha C , Hughes Rylee , Morgan Brooklyn , Shawish Olivia
Published: April 2023

This article examines the intersection of music, Queer and trans students, and the transdisciplinary potential of maker-education for liberating students in our traditional confines of biopolitical schooling enclosures. For many disabled and Queer students, there is success with vocal training as well as radical imaginings with instrumentation to allow for non-canonical musical expression. Music education can help validate students’ identities, though we often hit limitations because of financial hurdles, the white cis-heteronormative canon of music education, and other accessibility issues. Through an extensive interrogation of heteroracist ableism, we will research the determinants for students’ creative potential through music as a radical instrument of reimagining and implementing theory as praxis.
CONSEQUÊNCIAS PSICOLÓGICAS: OS IMPACTOS CAUSADOS PELA COVID-19
Authors: DUARTE MONTEIRO DE CASTRO RAPHAELLY
Published: April 2023

Thinking of the current world situation, which is being marked by covid-19 pandemic, with several crises in public and private health, the article gathers informations about the impacts caused by it. The article brings references and concepts related to the problematic of the virus and analyzes the consequences caused by it. Also the measures that were adopted in this period were analyzed, for example the temporary closure of universities and schools, mandatory use of face masks in open and closed environments and social distancing. Lastly, exposes the importance of mental health care, offered by professionals in psychology, as well as by others health professionals, in order to lessen the negative impacts and acting for prevention.
The Effect of Cognitive Ability in Problem-Based Learning on Science Literacy Ability of Grade 4 Elementary School Students
Authors: Widyasari Astri , Hermanto Hermanto
Published: April 2023

This research are motivated by the low cognitive ability of learners and followed by low levels of science literacy of science participants. The study's goal was to find out if there was a direct influence on students' cognitive and science literacy abilities. The method in this study is in the form of a test method with an ex-post-facto research design. This research has been done at Sumberagung State Elementary School Yogyakarta with 4th grade A research subjects totaling 32 students. A simple regression technique functioned to analyze the data inferentially. Through a simple regression test, the results of F count = 10,585 and p-value = 0.003 0.05 or H0 are rejected. Thus regression Y over X is a significant cognitive ability to affect a student's science literacy. The coefficient of determination obtained the value R Square = 0.274, which means that students' cognitive ability can influence 27.4% variation in the variable science literacy ability. At the same time, 72.6% of science literacy ability was affected by other variables that were not studied. Other factors can affect the science literacy ability of learners. The researcher hopes that further research can improve this research.
Critical Discourse Analysis in the Education Community to Respond the Hoax Based on Technology and Information
Authors: Muhammadiah Mas’ud , Tannuary Arwin , Romadhianti Rona , Fatmawati Endang , Herman Herman
Published: April 2023

The research looked at how people in the Education community responded to the hoax phenomenon from the point of view of technology and information. This research aims to improve the educational component's ability to analyse different kinds of information or news. This will make it less likely that fake information will be used as a talking point or a guide. The method used is qualitative with critical discourse analysis, where the program's implementation is through the ASSURE method. The number of respondents is 60 consisting of teachers, parents and students in the sixth grade of an elementary school in  Medan city. The technique used by researchers to gather data involves grouping various data, processing it in accordance with the aim to be recorded, and then deconstructing it using an essential conversation investigation preparation software created using the ASSURE approach. The technique of analyzing data was by implementing the six stages in the ASSURE model, which represent three other stages: pre-program, program implementation and post-program. The results show that critical discourse analysis through the basic conversation investigation program using the ASSURE method has proven to be effective and can be used to prevent the spread of hoax information that can cause various disputes.
The Implementation of Project Based Learning Connected Wwth Digital Technology to Increase Students Speaking Competence of Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) Simalungun Regency
Authors: Siahaan Basar Lolo , Siahaan Mungkap Mangapul
Published: April 2023

Project based learning (PjBL) has become one of the innovative trends in education to create an exciting teaching-learning environment where the teachers become the facilitators to construct their students’ knowledge. This study aims to develop implementation Project Based Learning to increase students speaking competence. This study uses Four D model procedure. To enhance students speaking competence, this research also develops a syllabus, lesson plans and digital technology. This research investigates the implementation of PjBL by using digital apparatus which is connected with internet to increase students speaking competence of Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) Simalungun regency, North Sumatera Province, Indonesia. The validation of PjBL was carried out by three validators of each material experts and media experts. The feasibility study of PjBL products shows validity of 85% with very valid criteria. The result of the researches obtained an average score of 90%. The syllabus obtained an average score of 84%, lesson plans obtained an average score of 84%, and digital facilities obtained an average score of 85%. In conclusion, PJBL increases students speaking competence especially supported by digital facilities.
Potential Implementation of Android-Based Interactive Multimedia for Student Learning Activities
Authors: Utami Khotimatunnisa , Akhyar Muhammad , Sudiyanto Sudiyanto
Published: April 2023

The development of technology in the field of 21st century education has become the main complement in the teaching and learning process. Various innovations were created to support learning activities such as the use of android technology. The emergence of COVID-19 makes interactive multimedia based on Android very important to help students and teachers achieve maximum learning. The purpose of this study was to determine students' perceptions of the use of Android-based interactive multimedia in learning mathematics during the covid-19 period. This study used a survey research method using a questionnaire which involved 53 randomly selected fifth grade elementary school students. The data collection technique was carried out using a questionnaire which was distributed to a sample of the fifth grade elementary school student population. From the results of the study, it showed that 91% of students had never used interactive multimedia based on Android while 9% had used it. Data on student perceptions of the use of media during online learning shows that 85% of students agree to adopt interactive multimedia, 9% of students agree to adopt audio-visual media, and 6% agree to adopt visual media. The results of this research succeeded in identifying that most students had never used interactive multimedia during learning activities, even though in fact and interest, it turned out that students were willing to carry out the learning process using interactive multimedia, as evidenced by the results of a survey conducted regarding the types of media they agreed to adopt. The results of this research can be used as a basis for developing an instructional product in an interactive multimedia format.
Teaching Speaking Model in Student Exchange MBKM Program in Indonesian Universities
Authors: La'biran Roni , Dewi Resnita
Published: April 2023

The goal of this research is to obtain a model in teaching speaking in Students Exchange MBKM program between PBSI Universitas Pancasakti Tegal and PBSI UKI Toraja. This research applies qualitative research. Sampling of data is students and lecturer  PBSI from the University of Pancasakti Tegal, and Universitas Kristen Indonesia Toraja the research use total sampling. The instrument of this research used observation, interview, and questionnaire. In data analysis, researchers used qualitative methods. The results showed model of teaching speaking in students exchange MBKM program was Illustration, Interaction, Induction (III), Presentation, Practice, Production (PPP), and Mastery Learning. From the three models obtained based on field data, the model can be constructed into Contraction, Stimulation, Explanation, Demonstration, and Assessment.
The Impact of Reward and Punishment on the Extrinsic Motivation of Elementary School Students
Authors: Kusumawati Maya Dwi , Fauziddin Mohammad , Ananda Rizki
Published: April 2023

This research is driven by the provision of reward and punishment, which influences student psychology in increasing learning motivation. The purpose of this study was to describe the impact of reward and punishment on students' extrinsic motivation. The research used a qualitative descriptive method with the subject of the fourth grade’s homeroom teachers and three students at a state elementary school in Kumantan. Data was collected by observation, interviews and documentation. Triangulation was carried out through focus group discussions between researchers, homeroom teachers and students. The results of the research show that giving rewards and punishment has an impact on student development if it is done properly and appropriately. Rewards are given to instill good values, which is done by habituation and appreciation when doing positive things, but when the students do negative things, the teacher will provide appropriate punishment for them as this punishment aims to prevent students from repeating unacceptable actions. Based on the results of this study, it was concluded that the effectiveness of reward and punishment as an educational tool to get feedback from students will be gained if they are appropriately delivered.
E-Learning: Succeeding Amid the Pandemic Period, Forgotten in the Post-Pandemic Era
Authors: Simbolon Bintang R. , Hidayat Hidayat , Hartiningsih Hartiningsih , Hoerudin Cecep Wahyu , Imran Imran , Aina Mia
Published: April 2023

As the coronavirus emerged, a necessity in the educational sector, instructors or lecturers have been required to establish teaching methodologies. On the other hand, as the epidemic winds down, the transmission of knowledge is gradually shifting back to being carried out offline or through a mixed approach. Online education is beginning to lose popularity as a result. This study aimed to examine the practical implications of knowledge gained through e-learning. Employing qualitative research by literature study, keywords used as data are mapped based on Google Scholar and Garuda sites in the form of books and articles are [“educational institutional”] and [“e-learning”] and [“pandemic”], by having ten inclusive data of literature associated with the intended subject matter. As a result, students felt more at ease and satisfied when using online learning as a platform for voicing their opinions and concerns. In addition, using various online learning media can facilitate an increase in the learner's level of autonomy. During the COVID-19 epidemic and the implementation phase, e-learning was particularly beneficial in online learning. Then, after it ends, learning with e-learning media is still very much needed because almost all educational institutions have optimally developed e-learning media along with improvements in implementation, always up to date with technological developments, and very effective and efficient by minimizing costs.
Internalization of Faith Educational Value in the Humanistic Perspective Riko Animation Series
Authors: Malisi M. Ali Sibram , Fauziyah Fauziyah , Surawan Surawan
Published: April 2023

Faith is the foundation of a building in Islam, someone who has strong faith will carry out worship in an orderly manner, have noble morals and behave well. To form a pious human personality, education is needed on the basis of faith. Strong faith will become a stronghold for unwanted values to be internalized. Faith education can be instilled through technology such as film. Among the films that can be used as learning media is Riko The Series, which is produced by Garis Ten Corporation.This study attempts to describe and analyze the film Riko the Series in internalizing the value of faith in Allah SWT and a humanistic view of the value of faith in Allah SWT in the film Riko the Series. This study uses a type of research library research by using the semiotic analysis technique of Roland Barthes theory. The results of the study show that: 1) The value of faith in Allah SWT contained in the Riko The Series film is grouped into three, namely: the value of doing good and compassion, the value of forgiveness, and the value of muhasabah which is pursued through several sequential and systematic stages, namely the stage transformation, transaction stage, and transinternalization stage which generally uses the advice method, the exemplary method, the habituation method, and the targhib method.
Independent Curriculum and the Indonesian Language Education throughout the Era of Society 5.0: A Literature Review
Authors: Intiana Siti Rohana Hariana , Prihartini Arina Amalia , Handayani Fitriana , Mar'i Mar'i , Faridi Khairul
Published: April 2023

This study aims to document the studies that have discussed the implementation of Independent Curriculum (Kurikulum Merdeka) in the Indonesian language subject. Indonesian language education focuses on the habituation of the use of Indonesian language in everyday communication life. Moreover, the world of education is currently faced with the era of Society 5.0 which is the integration of the virtual and the physical world by utilizing developments in technological advances to solve social problems. In line with these changes, teaching Indonesian language in the Independent Curriculum is also carried out through various project-based activities to encourage students to be skilful in producing works to understand concepts as well as apply them to solve actual problems (problem solving). This study employed a literature review as the design of the research. Five articles were collected as the corpus of the study. To analyze the data, a content analysis was utilized. The findings reported that Indonesian language education in the Society 5.0 era needs to be provided so that the students will have literacy skills in analyzing, understanding, and identifying solutions to problems encountered in everyday life. As a result, a person with a high level of literacy is able to acquire knowledge and information and apply digital technologies to improve their life's wellbeing.
Laboratorio de prácticas de fisiología del sistema visual: reflejos visuales.
Authors: Santana Garrido Álvaro , Vázquez Carretero María Dolores , Argüelles Castilla Sandro Ramón , Cano Rodríguez María Mercedes , Calonge Castrillo María Luisa , Carrascal Moreno María Livia , Carreras Sánchez Olimpia , García Miranda Pablo , Nogales Bueno Fátima , Núñez Abades Pedro Antonio , Ojeda Murillo María Luisa , Peral Rubio María José , Vázquez Cueto Carmen María , Mate Barrero Alfonso
Published: April 2023

Este recurso forma parte del Proyecto “Laboratorio de prácticas de Fisiología del Sistema Visual” del III Plan Propio de Docencia de la Universidad de Sevilla (Ref. 1.2.1 Dotación y mejora de recursos para la docencia (Recursos Audiovisuales), conv. 2021-2022) donde se produce material audiovisual (vídeo didáctico) del laboratorio de prácticas principalmente de Fisiología del Sistema Visual, así como de otras asignaturas como Fisiología Humana I. Estas asignaturas se imparten en el Grado en Óptica y Optometría, Grado en Farmacia, y en el Doble Grado en Farmacia y en Óptica y Optometría.
El recurso audiovisual detalla las técnicas para explorar las vías por las cuales ocurren los principales reflejos visuales: de acomodación, fotomotor, corneal, vestíbulo-ocular y optocinético. El estudio de los reflejos visuales es de gran utilidad en la práctica clínica dentro de las diferentes disciplinas médicas y también en la optometría, lo que hace necesaria su correcta interpretación en condiciones fisiológicas. Con este recurso no solo se profundiza en los conceptos teórico-prácticos impartidos en las asignaturas anteriormente citadas, si no que se muestra cómo ponerlos de manifiesto de una manera correcta, por lo que acerca los conceptos fisiológicos aprendidos en las clases teóricas al futuro profesional de los estudiantes.

Ese recurso está dirigido a estudiantes de las asignaturas del área de Fisiología de diferentes titulaciones académicas en la que se imparten (principalmente Grado en Farmacia, Óptica y Optometría, Doble grado en Farmacia y Óptica-optometría), principalmente la Fisiología del Sistema Visual, y otras asignaturas con parte de este contenido tales como Fisiología Humana I y Fisiología Humana II. También, será útil para otros estudiantes de grados de ciencias de la salud y ciencias, y para cualquier público interesado en conocer más sobre cómo funciona el sistema visual y su asociación con la exploración neurológica. Por lo que tiene una función dual: por un lado, mejora el conocimiento por parte de los estudiantes en el campo de la fisiología, y por otro sirve como herramienta de aprendizaje en fisiología para la sociedad.
Can Large Language Models Provide Feedback to Students? A Case Study on ChatGPT
Authors: Dai Wei , Lin Jionghao , Jin Flora , Li Tongguang , Tsai Yi-Shan , Gasevic Dragan , Chen Guanliang
Published: April 2023

Educational feedback has been widely acknowledged as an effective approach to improving student learning. However, scaling effective practices can be laborious and costly, which motivated researchers to work on automated feedback systems (AFS). Inspired by the recent advancements in the pre-trained language models (e.g., ChatGPT), we posit that such models might advance the existing knowledge of textual feedback generation in AFS because of their capability to offer natural-sounding and detailed responses. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the feasibility of using ChatGPT to provide students with feedback to help them learn better. Specifically, we first examined the readability of ChatGPT-generated feedback. Then, we measured the agreement between ChatGPT and the instructor when assessing students' assignments according to the marking rubric. Finally, we used a well-known theoretical feedback framework to further investigate the effectiveness of the feedback generated by ChatGPT. Our results show that i) ChatGPT is capable of generating more detailed feedback that fluently and coherently summarizes students' performance than human instructors; ii) ChatGPT achieved high agreement with the instructor when assessing the topic of students' assignments; and iii) ChatGPT could provide feedback on the process of students completing the task, which benefits students developing learning skills.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN FLIPPED CLASSROOM-PJBL DALAM MENGURANGI POTENSI LEARNING LOSS DAN MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MAHASISWA
Authors: Ekaputra Firdiawan , Sanova Aulia
Published: April 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk (1) menguji efektivitas penurunan potensi learning loss setelah diberi penerapan model pembelajaran flipped classroom-PjBL (2) menguji efektivitas peningkatan hasil belajar mahasiswa setelah diberi penerapan model pembelajaran flipped classroom-PjBL. Subjek uji penerapan model pembelajaran flipped classroom-PjBL merupakan mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Kimia Universitas Jambi pada mata kuliah penilaian proses dan hasil belajar kimia kelas A tahun akademik 2022/2023. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian eksperimen dengan rancangan one-group pretest-posttest design. Pengambilan data diperoleh dengan teknik angket dan soal. Teknik angket digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data potensi learning loss mahasiswa pada mata kuliah penilaian proses dan hasil belajar kimia sebelum dan sesudah penerapan model pembelajaran flipped classroom-PjBL. Teknik soal dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari soal hasil belajar mahasiswa. Soal hasil belajar yang diberikan telah dilakukan uji validasi secara logis yang dipenuhi dengan menyusun kisi-kisi soal dan rubrik penilaian. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan paired samples t test. Hasil penelitian adalah (1) terdapat penurunan yang signifikan terhadap potensi learning loss setelah diberi penerapan model pembelajaran flipped classroom-PjBL (2) terdapat peningkatan yang signifikan terhadap hasil belajar mahasiswa setelah diberi penerapan model pembelajaran flipped classroom-PjBL.
KONTRIBUSI NILAI BUDAYA CERITA RAKYAT KABUPATEN CIAMIS TERHADAP PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER
Authors: Merdiyatna Yang Yang
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh keingintahuan peneliti atas nilai budaya dari cerita-cerita rakyat di Kabupaten Ciamis. Peneliti memiliki asumsi bahwa beragam permasalahan yang terjadi di negeri ini, salah satunya bisa dibantu penyelesaiannya dengan pengapresiasian nilai budaya yang terkandung dalam khazanah cerita rakyat. Dengan mengapresiasi, memahami, dan memaknai nilai budaya para leluhur bangsa yang terkandung dalam cerita rakyat, para murid diharapkan mampu mengembangkan karakter luhur dari para leluhur bangsa. Penelitian ini menggali nilai budaya dalam cerita tersebut. Setelah itu, peneliti melihat kontribusi dari nilai budaya tersebut terhadap pendidikan karakter. Tinjauan teori yang dirujuk di antarnya adalah yang berkaitan dengan ihwal kebudayaan dan ihwal pendidikan karakter. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis, yaitu mendeskripsikan fakta-fakta yang kemudian disusul dengan analisis. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa cerita-cerita rakyat tersebut mengandung nilai-nilai budaya yang sangat luas dan memiliki kontribusi terhadap pendidikan karakter. Kontribusi tersebut bisa dimanfaatkan dalam proses pendidikan bahasa dan sastra Indonesia.
PENERAPAN METODE CEPAT MENGHAFAL PERKALIAN UNTUK ANAK DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Hani Siti Umi , Pandji Vioneta Cattravelly , Hikmah Nurul , Rahmat Abdul , Wahab Abdul
Published: April 2023

Tujuan dari dilakukannya observasi ini adalah untuk memudahkan siswa dalam mempelajari dan menghafal perkalian 1 Hinga 10 kenyataannya masih banyak  siswa yang belum begitu memahami dan menghafal perkalian untuk anak sekolah dasar kelas 4 hingga 6. Oleh karena itu untuk memudahkan siswa dalam menghafal perkalian 1 hingga 10 tahap pertama yang lakukan adalah pendekatan, tahap kedua adalah menerapkan metode cepat pada pembelajaran perkalian, tahap terakhir adalah pengetesan seberapa paham siswa dalam pembelajaran menggunakan metode cepat. Dalam observasi kali ini terdapat tiga orang anak masing-masing kelas 4, 5 dan 6 di Sekolah Dasar. Masing-masing siswa memiliki kesulitan yang sendiri-sendiri namun setelah menggunakan metode cepat lambat laun siswa menjadi hafal perkalian 1 hingga 10 dengan baik dan benar tanpa kesalahan sedikit pun.
EFFECTIVENESS OF IMPLEMENTING DISTANCE LEARNING FOR ISLAMIC BOARDING HOUSE STUDENTS
Authors: Durya Ngurah Pandji Mertha Agung , Shofwani Siti Aniqoh , Nurmala Ira , Misidawati Dwi Novaria , Hariyadi Ahmad
Published: April 2023

Since 2020 all educational institutions have implemented distance learning. Distance learning is implemented in order to inhibit the spread of the Covid-19 virus so that it does not spread more widely. The purpose of this research is find out the effectiveness of distance learning implementation at the Al Badrul Falah Islamic Boarding School. This study used qualitative research with the snowball method. Data collection techniques used interviews with teachers and students. The results of this study indicate that distance learning is effective to be carried out using e-learning media and social media. In addition, the application of effective distance learning is a solution for continuity of learning when face-to-face learning cannot be held.
First-principles calculations and device characterizations of formamidinium-cesium lead triiodide perovskite crystals stabilized by germanium or copper
Authors: Enomoto Ayu , Suzuki Atsushi , Oku Takeo , Fukunishi Sakiko , Tachikawa Tomoharu , Hasegawa Tomoya
Published: April 2023

To avoid formation of the photo-inactive δ-phase of formamidinium-cesium lead triiodide, copper or germanium was added to the perovskite compounds to stabilize the photoactive α-phase. It was found that the substitution of lead by germanium (Ge) or copper (Cu) provided the stabilization of the α-phase in the present work. The first-principles molecular dynamics calculations indicated that displacements of formamidinium molecules were suppressed by the Ge doping. X-ray diffraction results indicated that the Ge or Cu doping of the perovskite compounds could be effective for suppression the phase transition from α- to δ-phase.
Fare profumo, fare puzza: altri modi di odorare
Authors: Bellina Massimo
Published: April 2023

Alcuni lettori ci chiedono delucidazioni sull’uso e sull’accettabilità in italiano comune delle espressioni fare profumo e fare puzza, intese come ‘emanare un odore’, rispettivamente ‘buono’ o ‘cattivo’. Un lettore ci chiede se siano da considerarsi italiano regionale.
Il femminile di questore e di prefetto
Authors: Bellucci Patrizia
Published: April 2023

Il dottor Roberto Catalano ci interroga sul femminile di questore e di prefetto e commenta: "Mi sembra veramente una forzatura obbedire alla prassi che [...] ci spinge a rivolgerci o a scrivere al Signor Questore o al Signor Prefetto, pur essendo [nel caso specifico] entrambe le figure di sesso femminile".
Donne al lavoro (medico, direttore, poeta): ancora sul femminile dei nomi di professione
Authors: Robustelli Cecilia
Published: April 2023

Ritorniamo qui su un argomento già trattato più volte nel sito ma che richiede frequenti aggiornamenti proprio perché il crescente ingresso delle donne in “nuove” professioni comporta l’uso di “nuove” forme e apre anche nuovi interrogativi e ulteriori richieste di chiarimenti. Per questo oltre a rimandare ai vari interventi in proposito già presenti su questo sito segnaliamo che l’Accademia della Crusca, insieme a "Repubblica", ha inteso offrire una serie di chiarimenti e informazioni sul tema con la pubblicazione di Sindaco e sindaca. Il linguaggio di genere.