bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PRMT5-mediated methylation of STAT3 is required for lung cancer stem cell maintenance and tumour growth
Authors: Tanaka Nobuyuki , Sano Takumi , Abe Yoshinori , Otsuka Naoki , Ogawa Masashi
Published: July 2023

STAT3 is constitutively activated in many cancer types, including lung cancer, and can induce cancer cell proliferation and cancer stem cell (CSC) maintenance. STAT3 is activated by tyrosine kinases, such as JAK and SRC, but the mechanism by which STAT3 maintains its activated state in cancer cells remains unclear. Here, we show that PRMT5 directly methylates STAT3 and enhances its activated tyrosine phosphorylation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. PRMT5 expression is also induced by STAT3, suggesting the presence of a positive feedback loop in cancer cells. Furthermore, methylation of STAT3 at arginine 609 by PRMT5 is important for its transcriptional activity and support of tumour growth and CSC maintenance. Indeed, NSCLC cells expressing the arginine 609 STAT3 mutant show significantly impaired tumour growth in nude mice. Overall, our study reveals a mechanism by which STAT3 remains activated in NSCLC and provides a new target for cancer therapeutic approaches.
Depression, psychological distress and coping strategies among African Migrants in Australia: A cross sectional web-based study
Authors: Osuagwu Uchechukwu Levi , Mwanri Lillian , Botchway-Commey Edith N. , Chisanga David , Tembo Agness , Meribe Nnaemeka , Gatwiri Kathomi , Adonteng-Kissi Obed , Doyle Aunty Kerrie , Baffour Frank Darkwa , Moustafa Ahmed A.
Published: July 2023

Background
African migrants constitute a significant proportion of the Australian population, with over 7.6 million migrants residing in the country in 2020. While migration and resettlement offer opportunities, the associated stressors may adversely affect the mental health and well-being of African migrants. This study explores, for the first time, the prevalence of depression and psychological distress among African migrants in Australia and explored the relationship between coping mechanisms and mental health outcomes.
Methods
A web-based cross-sectional survey of adult African migrants in Australia was conducted between February and May 2022. Participants (N = 167) without a refugee status who resided in Australia for at least 12 months were recruited through community groups. An e-link of the survey created in Qualtrics was posted on online platforms (WhatsApp, LinkedIn, Twitter, and Facebook) and distributed via emails of community members. The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9 assessed mental health outcomes and the Brief COPE assessed coping strategies. Descriptive and multivariate regression analyses were used to determine the association between demographic variables, language ability and mental health outcomes.
Results
Most respondents (89.2%) were between 25-54 years of age, and proficient in English. Approximately one in every three individuals reported higher levels of either depression or psychological distress while 30.9% reported higher levels of both mental health outcomes. Age-specific rates revealed higher levels of depression and psychological distress among younger participants (18-24 years, 62.5%) compared to older age groups (55-59 years, 22.2%; p<0.05, for both). Coping strategies, such as self-blame, self-distraction, and behavioural disengagement, were significant predictors of depression. Similar findings were observed for psychological distress, with self-blame, behavioural disengagement, and religious coping identified as significant predictors. Language ability did not significantly differ between groups with varying levels of depression or distress. However, younger age was associated with higher levels of depression (t(63) = -3.17, p = 0.002; β = -0.29) and psychological distress (t(63) = -2.87, p = 0.03; β = -0.22).
Conclusion
These findings highlight the importance of addressing mental health issues and promoting effective coping strategies among African migrants in Australia, particularly targeting young individuals.
Large Language Models, scientific knowledge and factuality: A systematic analysis in antibiotic discovery
Authors: Wysocka Magdalena , Wysocki Oskar , Delmas Maxime , Mutel Vincent , Freitas Andre
Published: July 2023

Background Inferring over and extracting information from Large Language Models (LLMs) trained on a large corpus of scientific literature can potentially drive a new era in biomedical research, reducing the barriers for accessing existing medical evidence. This work examines the potential of LLMs for dialoguing with biomedical background knowledge, using the context of antibiotic discovery as an exemplar motivational scenario. The context of biomedical discovery from natural products entails understanding the relational evidence between an organism (e.g. a Fungi such as Albifimbria verrucaria), an associated chemical (Verrucarin A) and its associated antibiotic properties (present antibiotic activity).
Results This work provides a systematic assessment on the ability of LLMs to encode and express these relations, verifying for fluency, prompt-alignment, semantic coherence, factual knowledge and specificity of generated responses. The systematic analysis is applied to nine state-of-the-art models, from models specialised on biomedical scientific corpora to general models such as ChatGPT and GPT-4 in two prompting-based tasks: chemical compound definition generation and chemical compound-fungus relation determination. Results show that while recent models have improved in fluency, factual accuracy is still low and models are biased towards over-represented entities. The ability of LLMs to serve as biomedical knowledge bases is questioned, and the need for additional systematic evaluation frameworks is highlighted. The best performing GPT-4 produced a factual definition for 70% of chemical compounds and 43.6% factual relations to fungi, whereas the best open source model BioGPT-large 30% of the compounds and 30% of the relations for the best-performing prompt.
Conclusions The results show that while LLMs are currently not fit for purpose to be used as biomedical factual knowledge bases, there is a promising emerging property in the direction of factuality as the models become domain specialised, scale-up in size and level of human feedback.
Online commercial sex‑seeking among female sex workers in south China: a cross‑sectional study
Authors: Zhao Peizhen , Xu Wenqian , Ye Rouxuan , Shi Yijia , Wang Cheng
Published: July 2023

Background
Online communication platforms have the potential to facilitate commercial sex among female sex workers (FSW), increasing the risk of contracting sexually transmitted diseases (STD). This study aimed to describe the patterns of online commercial sex-seeking and examine the associated factors among FSW in China.
Methods
A venue-based cross-sectional study was conducted in five cities in Guangdong Province, China, between April and October 2020. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, sexual behaviors, and online commercial sex-seeking patterns were collected through face-to-face interviews. Venous blood and urine samples were collected for STD testing. Univariate and multivariable logistic regressions were used to explore the factors associated with online commercial sex-seeking.
Results
A total of 1155 female sex workers were recruited for this study. Among them, 33.42% reported ever using online applications to seek commercial sex. The prevalence of HIV, syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, and STD was 0.26%, 1.30%, 4.40%, 15.54%, and 18.39%, respectively, among FSW who had ever sought commercial sex online, which was higher than among FSW who had never sought commercial sex online. Multivariable logistic regression indicated that FSW who used online platforms to seek commercial sex were more likely to have STD (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.48, 95%CI: 1.05–2.09), experience accidental pregnancies due to commercial sex (aOR = 1.78, 95%CI: 1.21–2.62), be diagnosed as infertile (aOR = 3.20, 95%CI: 1.42–7.21), and undergo abortions (aOR = 1.69, 95%CI: 1.29–2.20).
Conclusion
A significant proportion of FSW in China engage in seeking commercial sex online, and this behavior is positively correlated with both STD and reproductive health outcomes. Given the high prevalence of online sex-seeking, it is crucial to provide a wide range of internet-based healthcare interventions and reproductive health services to Chinese FSW.
Assessment of Spiritual Care Needs and Quality of Life of Cancer Patients in a Tertiary Hospital in Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Esan Deborah T. , Bolarinwa Falilat I. , Afolayan Joel A. , Oyama Blessed O. , Bolarinwa Oladimeji A.
Published: July 2023

Purpose In Africa, cancer is considered a death sentence. Its impact can be debilitating for both the patient and those who care for them. The objective of the study was to assess the Spiritual care needs and Quality of life of Cancer patients in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria. Methods This study is a cross-sectional design and systematically recruited 302 cancer patients who visited the cancer registry and outpatient departments. A standardized and validated Spiritual needs questionnaire (SpNQ) and WHO Quality of Life (WHOQL)were used to collect data. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 23 with level of significance set at p < 0.05. Results The preponderance cancer among respondents was breast cancer (48.4%) followed by prostate cancer (13.6%). Majority of the respondents admitted to have “strong” spiritual needs. Categorization of the spiritual need score was below average in 20% of the respondent which indicated those with low spiritual need and majority (79.8%) of the patients had high spiritual needs. Majority of the respondents had poor quality of life in all the four domains. The spiritual care needs of respondents were significantly associated with the quality of life of the respondents particularly in the psychological domain (p = 0.040) and social domain (p = 0.005). Conclusion This study revealed high spiritual needs among cancer patients and poor quality of life of cancer patients. Providing for spiritual needs could improve cancer patients’ quality of life. Spiritual support should be improved in our setting, as a strategy to enhance cancer patient`s quality of life.
Sensitivity of an AI method for [18F]FDG PET/CT outcome prediction of Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients to image reconstruction protocols.
Authors: Ferrandez Maria C. , Golla Sandeep S. V. , Eertink Jakoba J. , de Vries Bart M. , Wiegers Sanne E. , Zwezerijnen Gerben J. C. , Pieplenbosch Simone , Schilder Louise , Heymans Martijn W. , Zijlstra Josée M. , Boellaard Ronald
Published: July 2023

Background
Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), applied to baseline [18F]-FDG PET/CT maximum intensity projections (MIPs) show potential for treatment outcome prediction in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The aim of this study is to investigate the robustness of CNN predictions to different image reconstruction protocols, such as the European Association of Nuclear Medicine Research Ltd. (EARL) harmonization standards 1 and 2. Baseline [18F]FDG PET/CT scans were collected from 20 DLBCL patients. EARL1, EARL2 and high-resolution or HR (point spread function with pixel spacing of 2mm) protocols were applied per scan, generating 3 images with different image qualities. An in-house developed CNN predicted the probability of tumor progression within 2 years for each patient for the 3 reconstructions. Image-based transformation was applied by blurring EARL2 and HR images to generate EARL1 compliant images using a Gaussian filter of 5 and 7 mm, respectively. The difference in probabilities per patient was then calculated between both EARL2 and HR with respect to EARL1 (delta probabilities or ΔP). We compared these to the probabilities obtained after aligning the data with ComBat.
Results
CNN probabilities were found to be sensitive to different reconstruction protocols (EARL2 ΔP: median = 0.09, interquartile range (IQR) = [0.06, 0.10] and HR ΔP: median = 0.1, IQR = [0.08, 0.16]). Moreover, higher resolution images (EARL2 and HR) led to higher probability values. After image-based and ComBat transformation, an improved agreement of CNN probabilities among reconstructions was found for all patients. This agreement was slightly better after image-based transformation (transformed EARL2 ΔP: median = 0.022, IQR = [0.01, 0.02] and transformed HR ΔP: median = 0.029, IQR= [0.01, 0.03]).
Conclusion
Our CNN-based outcome predictions are affected by the applied reconstruction protocols, yet in a predictable manner. Image-based harmonization is a suitable approach to harmonize CNN predictions across image reconstruction protocols.
Multi-objective Optimization of Energy Consumption, Surface Roughness, and Material Removal Rate in Diamond Wire Sawing for Monocrystalline Silicon Wafer
Authors: Sefene Eyob Messele , Chen Chao-Chang Arthur
Published: July 2023

Sustainable manufacturing is essential to minimize energy consumption and environmental footprints in manufacturing operations. In diamond wire sawing (DWS) process, minimizing energy consumption without compensating for surface roughness of sawn wafer is crucial for achieving a cost-effective and environmentally friendly process. This study aims to find the correlation between energy consumption (EC), surface roughness (Ra), and material removal rate (MRR) during the single DWS process. Experiments have been conducted on monocrystalline silicon (Si) incorporating various process parameters, including wire speed, feed rate, and wire tension as controllable factors. A mathematical relationship between the parameters is formulated using the response surface methodology and optimized by using a multi-objective particle swarm optimization. Results revealed that a wire speed of 0.36 m/sec, feed rate of 0.029 mm/min, and wire tension of 7 N are the optimum parameters for the multi-objective quality criterion, and the variations between the predicted and the confirmation experiment is below 10%. These findings can be applied to the multi-wire DWS of Si wafer processing for promoting sustainable manufacturing practices.
Explicit traceability model for aligning a conception sequence diagram and a BPMN diagram
Authors: Bouzidi Aljia , Haddar Nahla , Haddar Kais
Published: July 2023

In modern software engineering process methodologies, business process models (BPM) tend to occupy an increasingly important role in the development and ongoing management of information systems (IS). However, only few information systems are developed according to the business processes they support. This separation leads to differences between the economic model and the model of IS. Thus, this work aims to bridge the gap between business and software modeling. To achieve this goal, we introduce an explicit traceability methodology that extends a previous requirements traceability methodology to address alignment and the coevolution of the dynamic viewpoint of the software models and business process models (BPM). Indeed, we first define a unified trace metamodel that includes all Business Process and Model Notation (BPMN) and Unified Modeling Language (UML) elements (use cases, conception sequence diagrams) and traceability links between interconnected elements. Next, we instantiate the built-in metamodels in the form of new diagrams called BPMNTraceISM (BPMN Traces Information System Models). Finally, we define a set of bi-directional transformation models between the BPMN, UML, and the new BPMNTraceISM diagrams. To prove the feasibility of our traceability method, we implemented a full graphic editor to design and visualize BPMNTraceISM diagrams, and ATL (ATLAS Transformation Language) rules to support the bi-directional transformation models. We have also test traceability methods with a case study.
Kardar--Parisi--Zhang Roughening Associated with Nucleation-Limited Steady Crystal Growth
Authors: Akutsu Noriko
Published: July 2023

The roughness of crystal surfaces and the shape of crystals play an important role in multiscale phenomena. For example, the roughness of a crystal surface affects the frictional and optical properties of the material such as ice or silica. For the roughness of a crystal surface, theoretical studies based on the symmetry principle predicted that the growing surfaces of crystal growth would be classified in the universal class of Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) but experiments only rarely observe KPZ properties. To fill this gap, extensive numerical calculations of the crystal growth rates and the surface roughness (surface width) are performed for a lattice model with a size in the nanoscale range using the Monte Carlo method. The results indicate that a (001) surface is smooth within the single nucleation growth region. In contrast, the same surface is atomically smooth but thermodynamically rough in the poly-nucleation growth region in conjunction with a KPZ roughness exponent. Inclined surfaces are known to become Berezinskii--Kosterlitz--Thouless (BKT) rough surfaces both at and near equilibrium. The two types of steps associated with the (001) and (111) terraces were found to induce KPZ surface roughness, while the interplay between steps and multilayered islands promoted BKT roughness.
Erythropoietin and retinopathy of prematurity: a retrospective cohort study in Japan, 2008-2018
Authors: Isayama Tetsuya , Fukui Kana , Ito Yushi , Kokubo Masayo , Nakanishi Hidehiko , Hirano Shinya , Kusuda Satoshi , Ito Shuichi , Isayama Tetuya
Published: July 2023

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a developmental retinal vascular proliferative disease and a leading cause of blindness in children worldwide. Erythropoietin has an angiogenic effect on the retina and might increase the risk of ROP. However, the results of previous studies on the association between erythropoietin use and increased risk of ROP have been inconsistent and inconclusive.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study included infants born at 22 0/7 to 27 6/7 weeks’ gestation between 2008 and 2018 who were admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in the Neonatal Research Network of Japan. We compared mortality and morbidities during NICU stay between infants who received erythropoietin and those who did not.
Results: Among 18 955 livebirth infants, this study included 16 031 infants, among which 14 373 infants (90%) received erythropoietin. The risk of ROP requiring treatment was significantly higher in the erythropoietin group than in the control group (33% vs. 26%; aOR 1.46 [95%CI 1.25-1.71]). The risk of chronic lung disease (CLD) was also significantly higher in the erythropoietin group (49% vs. 35%; aOR 1.60 [95%CI 1.38-1.86]). On the other hand, the erythropoietin group had significantly lower risks of death before discharge, and necrotizing enterocolitis. The composite outcomes of “death or ROP” and “death or CLD” were not significantly different between the two groups.
Conclusions: This study with a large sample size found that erythropoietin use was associated with increased risk of ROP requiring treatment and CLD, while being associated with reductions in deaths and NEC.
High expression of cuproptosis-related gene DLD in relation to good prognosis and immune cells infiltration in colon cancer
Authors: Fan Ling , Lu Ning , Zhang Lingmin , Zhang Jie , Li Jie , Yu Zhaoxiang , Cui Manli , Zhang Mingxin
Published: July 2023

Background
Colon cancer (CC) is one of the diseases that pose a significant risk to human health. Cuproptosis is a newly discovered mechanism that regulates cell death, and DLD is an associated positive regulator of copper death. However, the role of DLD in the pathogenesis of colon cancer remains to be investigated.
Materials and Methods We analyzed the expression of DLD in colon cancer from the University of Alabama at Birmingham Cancer data analysis Portal (UALCAN) database and the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database. Correlations between DLD expression and clinicopathological parameters were analyzed in UALCAN database. Kaplan-Meier (K-M) survival curves were used to elucidate the relationship between DLD expression and survival time of colon cancer patients, which was validated in the GSE:39582 dataset. Then, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to explore the biological function of DLD. The relationship between DLD expression and cancer immune infiltration was analyzed using the Tumor Immunization Estimation Resource database (TIMER), single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA), and other immune infiltration methods.
Results We found that DLD was downregulated in colon cancer samples and that increased DLD expression was associated with better overall survival. Functional annotation of 302 DLD co-expressed genes and 4731 DLD differentially expressed genes and including GO, KEGG and GSEA enrichment analysis.DLD is essentially involved in Metabolic pathways, Oxidative phosphorylation, cancer pathway and WNT signaling pathway. The most common mutated genes in colon cancer were different in high and low DLD groups. Tumor immune infiltration analysis revealed that DLD may recruit infiltrating immune cells and modulate immunity in colon cancer, thus affecting prognosis.
Conclusion DLD plays a role in inducing cuproptosis and regulating immunity in colon cancer, which can be considered as a new biomarker for colon cancer.
Genome sequence resource for “Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus” strain GDCZ from a historical HLB endemic region in China
Authors: Zheng Yongqin , Li Yun , Xu Pengbin , Liu Chaoji , Chen Jianchi , Deng Xiaoling , Zheng Zheng
Published: July 2023

Objectives:
“Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus” (CLas) is an un-culturable α-proteobacterium that caused citrus Huanglongbing (HLB), a destructive disease threatening citrus production worldwide. In China, the presence of HLB was first reported in Chaoshan region of Guangdong province, China around a century ago. Thus, whole genome information of CLas strains from Chaoshan area become the most important resource to understand the population diversity and evaluation of CLas in China.
Data description:
CLas strain GDCZ was originally from Chaozhou city (Chaoshan area) and sequenced using Pacbio Sequel long-read sequencing and Illumina short-read sequencing. The genome of strain GDCZ comprised of 1,230,507 bp with an average G+C content of 36.4%, along with a circular CLasMV1 phage: CLasMV1_GDCZ (8,869 bp). The CLas strain GDCZ contained a Type 2 prophage (37,452 bp) and encoded a total of 1,057 open reading frames and 53 RNA genes. The whole genome sequence of CLas strain GDCZ from the historical HLB endemic region in China will serve as a useful resource for further analyses of CLas evolution and HLB epidemiology in China and world.
Knowledge Of Problem Solving (KOPS) scale: Design and evaluation of a scalable competence measure for a common practice element in task-shared youth mental health interventions
Authors: Mathur Sonal , Michelson Daniel , Shetty Tejaswi , Patel Vikram , Field Andy P
Published: July 2023

Background
There is a dearth of reliable and feasible quality assurance methods to support scaling up of psychological interventions delivered by non-specialist providers. This paper reports on the phased development and validation of a digitally-administered measure (Knowledge of Problem Solving; KOPS scale) to assess competencies associated with a “task-shared” problem-solving intervention for adolescents with diverse mental health problems in India.
Methods
Phase 1 established key competencies required to deliver the intervention, followed by item generation for a corresponding knowledge-based competency measure that could be administered efficiently through e-learning systems. In Phase 2, items were refined based on responses from an "experienced" reference sample comprising 17 existing counsellors with direct experience of the problem-solving intervention, and a “novice” sample with 14 untrained university students and NGO staff. In Phase 3, we evaluated two parallel versions of the measure in a validation sample (N = 277) drawn from universities and NGOs.
Results
The resulting 17-item measure was structured around a hypothetical case, followed by multiple-choice questions that asked about the most appropriate response to a practice-based scenario. The difficulty level of the test items was well matched to the ability level of participants (i.e., most items being of moderate difficulty and few items being easy or difficult). Only one item showed a negative discrimination index and was removed from the 17-item forms.
Conclusion
The final 16-item version of the KOPS measure provides a scalable digital method to assess key psychotherapeutic competencies among non-specialists, particularly in relation to a transdiagnostic problem-solving intervention. Similar formats could be deployed more widely alongside e-learning programmes to expand the global workforce capable of delivering evidence-based psychological interventions.
The post-materialist economic freedom puzzle
Authors: Czeglédi Pál
Published: July 2023

Countries with a higher proportion of people with post-materialist values are freer economically than those with a lower proportion. The reason why this is puzzling is that post-materialist values are not obviously more supportive to economic freedom than materialist ones, and that post-materialism correlates negatively with market friendliness in the West and positively outside it. The paper argues that seeing market attitudes as opinions with which people express their materialist or post-materialist identity, an equilibrium in which post-materialists are market friendly and another one in which they are market unfriendly are both possible. A change in the proportion of post-materialists, however, can easily trigger a shift from one equilibrium to the other. Regressions with data from the Integrated Values Survey confirm that post-materialists are more market unfriendly when their proportion in society is high enough, but this negative effect is mitigated by their political identity, the expressiveness of the individuals themselves, and the ideology of the political parties in their country.
JEL codes: D72, P10, E14
Factors influencing ESWL success and adaptation of updated Triple D score system to predict treatment outcome
Authors: Snicorius Marius , Drevinskaite Mingaile , Miglinas Marius , Čekauskas Albertas , Stadulytė Morta , Bandzeviciutė Rimante , Čeponkus Justinas , Šablinskas Valdas , Želvys Arunas
Published: July 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Analysis of the EFARC Non-Pillar Mining Stope: Roof Failure and Overlying Pressure in Inclined Coal Seams
Authors: Zhen Enze , Dong Shizhuo , Huang Jian , Wang Yajun , Wang Mengxiang , Zhang Xinyue , Tao Yizhe
Published: July 2023

During the process of coal mining, there is a violent appearance of mining stress when the initial weighting occurs. To guarantee the safety of the gob-side entry formed automatically by roof-cutting (EFARC) in an inclined coal seam, a study was conducted on the initial weighting mechanism and appearance characteristics through field monitoring and theoretical analysis. The findings reveal that, upon the initial breaking of the main roof in the non-pillar mining stope of an inclined coal seam, the deflection of the thin plate structure exhibits asymmetric distribution, with the maximum position situated in the middle-upper part of the thin plate. As the main roof thin plate reaches its limit interval, the tensile fracture first occurs in the middle-upper part of the coal wall in front and back of the stope. Once broken, the thin plate changes to a simply supported state. The analysis of field data reveals that the mine pressure in the non-pillar stope of EFARC shows an asymmetric weighting phenomenon. The periodic weighting interval at the ends of the working face increases, and the weighting intensity decreases. These results can serve as theoretical support for controlling mine pressure in non-pillar mining through EFARC in inclined coal seams and can serve as a basis for further investigations in this area.
Shuffle Tree: A Randomized Self-Adjusting Binary Search Tree
Authors: Patel Mayur
Published: July 2023

We present algorithms for a new self-adjusting binary search tree, which we call ashuffle tree. The tree is easy to implement and does not require parent pointers orbalancing information to be stored in tree nodes. A maximum of one rotation isapplied randomly during each traversal, which keeps the cost of balancingactivity low.
Beyond Desirable Bodies in North America? An examination of actual and ideal body preferences, and body attractiveness preferences in a heterosexual sample of men and women from the USA
Authors: Talbot Daniel
Published: July 2023

A recent Australian study demonstrated that both men and women want to have less body fat and more muscularity than they perceived that they had, and that men and women’s body ideals are more extreme than the opposite sex finds most attractive. The present study aimed to provide more evidence for the discrepancy between self-reported actual and ideal body fat and muscularity. Further, the present study aimed to examine the relationship between ideal bodies, and the bodies reported to be most attractive by the opposite sex by examining a sample of heterosexual North American men and women.
Using data from 362 participants recruited through Amazon's MTurk, this study employed figural rating scales to assess participants' actual and ideal body fat and muscularity, as well as their perceptions of the most attractive body for the opposite sex.
Results showed that men wanted to have less body fat and more muscularity, and women wanted to have less body fat than they perceived themselves to have. Additionally, results showed that men’s ideal body was in-line with women’s preferences. However, analogous to prior research in an Australian sample, women wanted to be thinner than what men found most attractive.
These findings underscore the importance of addressing body dissatisfaction and promoting healthy body image ideals. Future interventions should focus on challenging societal beauty standards and promoting body acceptance, taking into account the influence of media and social factors on body image perceptions and preferences.
Unimodular Gravity in Covariant Formalism
Authors: Matouš Bohuslav , Klusoň Josef
Published: July 2023

In this short note we study unimodular gravity in Weyl-De Donder formalism. We find corresponding Hamiltonian and study consequence of the unimodular constraint on the conjugate covariant momenta. We also find covariant Hamiltonian for Henneaux-Teitelboim unimodular action and study corresponding equations of motion.
Hybrid Optimization Algorithm for Data Leakage Reduction in Cloud Computing
Authors: Sharma Nikhil Sharma Nikhil , Singh Monika Singh Monika
Published: July 2023

In a Multi cloud system, we can store a large amount of privet data and sensitive information without any proper optimization of the user information. We will be focused on reducing data leakages to every cloud storage provider and provide a better technique for distributed user privet information over different CSPs in a leakage aware manner. The process of an unplanned distribution of data chunks will result in disposing of the essential information while using multiple clouds. To reduce data leakage, the hybrid optimization algorithm is proposed in this research work. The proposed model is implemented in cloud sim and results is analysed in terms of certain parameters.
A Performance Prediction Solution for Modified Hemispherical Solar Still Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Sedik Ahmed , Hamada Mohamed A. , Sharshir Swellam W. , Medhat T. , Ali Manal E.
Published: July 2023

Artificial intelligence has been involved into different research fields. One of the interesting fields is the mechanical engineering field. This research work intends to introduce an alternate prediction approach that can predict the Hemispherical Solar Still (HSS) performance effectively without using an empirical method. The thermal performance of the HSS is predicted using five prediction models including Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), Gradient Boost (GB), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), which are performed, assessed, and compared. The proposed prediction models are built using real experimental data that has been recorded. The effective prediction model to be employed in the prediction of the hourly productivity and the instantaneous efficiency of the HSS is determined using five statistical error values. The comprehensive comparative analysis that was carried out demonstrates that, as compared to other models, the Decision Tree model may be used to estimate the thermal performance of solar stills without the need for additional experiments, saving money, effort, and time as its R2 and EVS values were near to one and the other statistical values (MSE, NAE, and Median Absolut Error) were very small. According to the results of the experiment, the HSS has an average hourly productivity of 0.478 L/m2 with the daily water production of 0.477, 0.465, 0.476, 0.477 L/m2 day for the proposed DT, SVM, RF, KNN and GB models, respectively. In addition, an average instantaneous efficiency of 45.199% with daily efficiency 45.188, 46.374, 46.375. 44.794 and 45.2 % for DT, SVM, RF, KNN and GB, respectively. Therefore, the proposed models appear a superior performance prior to performance estimation of HSS and can be considered as an efficient solution for this issue.
Dislocation of Implantable Collamer Phakic Lens after Blunt Trauma: A Case Report
Authors: Zhong Xin , Li Tong , Du Yali
Published: July 2023

Background
Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL) surgery is a beneficial option for correcting high myopia due to its stable long-term outcomes and improved night vision with a wider optical zone. The reversible procedure is particularly useful for high myopia correction. Traumatic displacement of ICL is rare but carries the potential to develop vision-threatening complication. Timely intervention with thoroughly consideration of surgical planning remains challenging. We present a rare case of traumatic dislocation and pupillary capture of the ICL after blunt trauma, in which the patient underwent surgical intervention of ICL repositioning.
Case presentation
A 44-year-old man presented with a loss of vision in his left eye, accompanied by photophobia and pain, after receiving blunt ocular trauma from a fist one hour ago. This patient had undergone bilateral ICL implantation for high myopia four years prior to presentation. On examination, one footplate of the ICL was entrapped in the pupillary, located on the nasal side of the iris. The patient showed 4+ red blood cells and Grade I hyphema in the anterior chamber of his left eye, along with moderate vitreous hemorrhage and slight angle recession at the 9 o'clock position. The dislocation and pupillary capture of the ICL were surgically corrected to a horizontal position under topical anesthesia one week after the injury, resulting in a stable location in his left eye with stable postoperative vault.
Conclusion
Traumatic ICL dislocation is rare but poses the risk of long-term complications. Prompt intervention can lessen the chances of complications in difficult cases. Thorough examination is vital to quickly identify and diagnose the dislocation, which may mitigate potential vision-threatening complications.
Introducing DeReKoGram: A novel frequency dataset with lemma and part- of-speech information for German
Authors: Wolfer Sascha , Koplenig Alexander , Kupietz Marc , Müller-Spitzer Carolin
Published: July 2023

We introduce DeReKoGram, a novel frequency dataset containing lemma and part-of-speech (POS) information for 1-, 2-, and 3-grams from the German Reference Corpus. The dataset contains information based on a corpus of 43.2 billion tokens and is divided into 16 parts based on 16 corpus folds. We describe how the dataset was created and structured. By evaluating the distribution over the 16 folds, we show that it is possible to work with a subset of the folds in many use cases (e.g. to save computational resources). In a case study, we investigate the growth of the vocabulary (as well as the number of hapax legomena) as more and more folds are included into the analysis. We cross-combine this with several cleaning stages of the dataset. We also give some guidance in the form of Python, R and Stata markdown scripts on how to work with the resource.
Validation study for sentinel lymph node biopsy in intraoral squamous cell cancer.
Authors: Illarramendi Imanol Zubiate , Font Carlos Ramos , Iglesias Fernando Monsalve , Lara Ildefonso Martínez
Published: July 2023

Purpose
The objective of the study was the validation of the sentinel lymph node biopsy technique for intraoral squamous cell cancer.
Methods
A descriptive study of the patients threated with a sentinel lymph node biopsy for intraoral squamous cell cancer during the year 2021 at the Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital in Granada was done. As the technique was being validated, homolateral elective neck dissection of levels IA, IB, IIA, IIB, III and IV was performed in all patients.
Results
The study presents 31 patients (17 men and 14 women) with early-stage intraoral squamous cell carcinoma (cT1/cT2 N0), obtaining 32.6% (10) of sentinel nodes positive for squamous cell carcinoma. The sensitivity was 90% and the specificity 100%. The most frequent location was the left lingual lateral border, with the migration of the radiotracer unilaterally. The mean hospital stay was 4.7 days and the mean surgical time was 237.7 minutes. There were two cases of postoperative cervical hematoma and two cases of shoulder pain syndrome, which improved with physiotherapy.
Conclusion
We conclude that it is a useful technique for detecting occult metastases in the early stage (T1/T2 N0) intraoral squamous cell cancer, avoiding unnecessary neck dissections, reducing morbidity and hospital costs, without having a negative impact on patient survival
Risk factors and nomogram predictive model of surgical site infection in closed pilon fractures
Authors: Ke Chenrong , Dong Xiaoyu , Xiang Guangheng , Zhu Juanjuan
Published: July 2023

Objectives
In this study, we try to investigate the risk factors of postoperative surgical site infection (SSI) in closed pilon fractures and establish a nomogram prediction model.
Methods
From January 2012 to June 2021, 516 closed pilon fracture patients were the subjects of this study. Of these, 387 patients were randomly assigned to the development group and 129 patients were assigned to the validation group (3:1). By univariate and multivariate Cox analysis, we identified independent risk factors for postoperative SSI after Pilon fracture. We established a nomogram model and used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and calibration chart to evaluate its discriminant and calibration.
Results
SSI occurred in 71 patients in the development group and 23 patients in the validation group. Ultimately, age, preoperative blood sugar, operative time, Tscherne and fracture classification were identified as independent risk factors for SSI. The AUC values for SSI of the development and validation group were 0.898 and 0.880, and the P value of the Hosmer-Lemeshow test was 0.125. We established a nomogram prediction model based on age, preoperative blood sugar, operative time, Tscherne and fracture classification.
Conclusion
Our nomogram model had good discrimination and calibration power, so it could be used to predict SSI risk in patients with pilon fracture.
One-pot synthesis of CdTe/ZnS quantum dots and their physico- chemical characterization
Authors: Aguilar Gabriela Travieso , Mijares Maykel Márquez , Solís-Pomar Francisco , Gutiérrez-Lazos C. D. , Pérez-Tijerina Eduardo G. , Cruz Abel Fundora
Published: July 2023

A known property of QDs is their characteristic luminescence, which would make it possible to detect different types of cancers after being functionalized with some type of biological molecule. For this reason, in the present investigation a methodological analysis of the physicochemical characteristics of the CdTe/ZnS core/shell QDs was carried out, using techniques such as UV-Vis absorbance, Molecular Fluorescence, FT-IR, DLS and Zeta Potential that allowed to verify the photoluminescent effectiveness of these semiconductor nanocrystals as an alternative to conventional techniques currently used for the detection of specific cancers smaller than 1cm. The study consisted of theoretically determining the bandgap energy, the size of the nanocrystals and the molar absorptivity from the wavelength value for the maximum intensity of the excitonic peak. It was also possible to verify the maximum intensity for each sample and thus evaluate its photoluminescent response, as well as it was possible to determine the charge distribution, the hydrodynamic size and the surface composition of each quantum dot. The results obtained correspond to what has been reported in the literature, which makes them good candidates for the detection of cancer in precancerous stages.
CDC73 promotes breast cancer through impairing MAPK1 ubiquitination and activating mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Zhang Haige , Tang Yu , Gao Ya , Du Mingming , Pan Erhu , Pei Fangfang , Sun Mingliang , Sang Guopeng , Liu Chang , Ruan Zhifan , Pan Yubo , Zhang Xiaozhi , Pei Jing
Published: July 2023

Breast cancer is the most common global malignancy and the leading cause of cancer deaths. CDC73 (Human cell division cycle 73), a nuclear protein, participates transcription regulation and its functions are controversial in malignancies. CDC73 has been reported to be upregulated in breast cancer. The underlying mechanism, however, has not been fully illuminated. In breast cancer, CDC73 could promote the proliferation of tumor cells, and the expression of CDC73 was related to poor prognosis in patients. Here, we found that CBL, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, could interact with CDC73 and promote MAPK1 ubiquitination and degradation of this protein. In addition, silencing MAPK1 led to a suppression of breast cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo, and even abolished the promoting effects of CDC73 overexpression. We also found that mTOR pathway played a role in CDC73-mediated breast cancer. mTOR pathway inhibitor reversed cell phenotypes induced by CDC73 overexpression. Our study revealed the underlying mechanism of CDC73 in breast cancer: it promoted MAPK1 ubiquitination and degradation so that affected MAPK1 level and subsequently led to tumor progression, providing a novel therapeutic strategy to combat cancer.
Influences of composite additives and technological parameters on the microstructure and properties of electrolytic copper foil
Authors: Liu Jing-pei , Sun Wan-chang , Bai Zhong-bo , Liu Er-yong , Cai Hui , Zhang Jing-li , Tian Sha-sha , Zhang Cong-xiao , Xu Yi-fan , Zhou Meng-ran , Zhang Bo
Published: July 2023

In this paper, the additives consisting of bis-(3-sulfopropyl)-disulfide (SPS), hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) and collagen additive compounding, are proposed to fabricate ultra-thin copper foils with low roughness on titanium substrates. The effect of the deposition time, temperature and voltage on the morphology and roughness of electrolytic copper foil is explored. The results show that the deposited layers obtained at the electrodeposition time of 3 min, the electrolyte temperature of 50°C and the output voltage of 2.5 V exhibit small grain size and good adhesion to the substrate. Meanwhile, the effects of the two-component additive and the three-component additive on the microstructures, surface roughness and electrochemical behavior of copper foils are studied. Scanning electron microscopy images reveal that copper foils prepared by simultaneous introduction of 0.06 g/L SPS and 0.08 g/L collagen possess a dense and homogeneous structure with the smallest grain size (6.21 µm) and the lowest roughness (Rz = 2.30 µm), which is diminished by 26.17%. The electrodeposition principle and the action mechanism of additives suggest that the antagonistic interaction between SPS and HEC hinders the preferential adsorption of the additive at the surface protrusions and reduces the refinement ability of SPS additive. Benefiting from the synergistic effect of the SPS and collagen additive, the electrochemical properties of the copper foil are improved. Besides, the levels of three-component additives are determined by orthogonal experiments as 0.06 g/L SPS, 0.12 g/L HEC and 0.10 g/L collagen.
Wheat Allergy and its Association with COVID-19: Prevalence, Symptoms, and Predictive Analysis in Post-COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Yousif Maitham Ghaly
Published: July 2023

Wheat allergy is a common food allergy that can develop in individuals after contracting the COVID-19 virus. This research aims to provide comprehensive information regarding the prevalence of wheat allergy among post-COVID-19 patients, the associated symptoms, and the use of machine learning techniques for predicting wheat allergy development. The study was conducted on a sample of 560 post-COVID-19 patients across different age groups and genders. It was found that 18% of males and 16% of females developed wheat allergy after contracting COVID-19. Various symptoms of wheat allergy were observed among the patients, including abdominal pain, diarrhea, cough, wheezing, and itching. The results suggest a potential relationship between the severity of COVID-19 and the development of wheat allergy. Patients who experienced severe and critical cases of COVID-19 were found to be more susceptible to developing wheat allergy at a higher rate (43.8%, 46.2%). The findings also indicate that age, gender, and pre-existing allergies may play roles in the development of wheat allergy. Furthermore, machine learning techniques were employed to predict wheat allergy development. The results demonstrated that factors such as age, gender, and pre-existing allergies could be used to predict wheat allergy development with reasonable accuracy. This study sheds light on the association between wheat allergy and COVID-19, providing valuable insights into the prevalence, symptoms, and predictive analysis of wheat allergy in this specific population. Further research and validation are warranted to enhance our understanding of this association and its clinical implications.