bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERANAN LEMBAGA KEAGAMAAN AL-IRSYAD DALAM PENDIDIKAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Thalib Muh. Dahlan , Thalib Muh. Dahlan
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTThe leaders of the national movement with full consciousness want to changethe future of the Indonesian nation, so the agenda of the struggle is to organizenational education. One association concerning the advancement of educationis the association of al-Irsyad, a religious institution devoting its attention to thefield of education marked by the official opening of Madrasahs from primary tomiddle. Al-Irsyad managed to mobilize the intelligence of the Indonesian nationin the field of education is not limited only among the descendants of ArabMuslims but also citizens muslim Indonesia (native population). The main pointof instruction in the madrasah is to give priority to Arabic so that students canunderstand the teachings of Islam well. Al-Irsyad also strives to restore societyto the correct purification of Islamic teachings so that all forms of life activitiesand life of the people is always based on Al-Qur'an and Hadith which is moreemphasis on aqidah ketauhidan in order to realize the Muslim person and theIslamic community to keridhoan Allah swt.
DAMPAK PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS ICT TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR PAI PESERTA DIDIK PADA SMK NEGERI 1 KOTA PAREPARE
Authors: Tanwir Tanwir , Rahman F Abd , Rahman F Abd
Published: August 2019

The main issue of this article is the successful learning of studentsthrough the use of information and communication technology (ICT)based PAI learning media at SMKN Parepare. This article is to know theimpact of the use of ICT in PAI learning at SMK Negeri 1 Kota Parepare.The method used in this study is qualitative with the procedure ofcollecting data through: interviews, observation and documentation. Theinformants used as sources were all PAI teachers, Principals, KTU,several specified teachers, Computer Operators and students. Dataanalysis uses data reduction, presentation and verification. Data isverified using an estimation technique. This study shows that the use ofinformation and communication technology (ICT) based learning mediain PAI learning at State Vocational High School 1 in Parepare City hasrun optimally, and supports positivity, both for students, both forteachers, who use the equipment used to deliver messages -message oflearning from the sender to the recipient of the message so that it canhelp students' thoughts, feelings, concerns and interests occur andincrease the efficiency of the learning process.
PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA ARAB MELALUI KEMAMPUAN MUHADATSAH
Authors: Kaharuddin Kaharuddin
Published: August 2019

One of the skills learned in learning Arabic language is maharah al-kalam(speaking skill). Muhadatsah (conversation) which is one part of maharah alkalamis a skill that is used to communicate for thoughts, thoughts for others. theability of Muhadatsah in learning Arabic, helps something that is easy, by thosewho must pay attention to various factors and always look for patterns and systemsthat can really overcome learning problems. To be able to learn effectiveMuhadatsah learning, it must look for various things, starting from attend,selection of methods, techniques and selection of appropriate materials withstudents.
TEORI LINGUISTIK DAN PSIKOLOGI DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA
Authors: Saepudin Saepudin
Published: August 2019

This article discusses several language theories and psychological theories thatinfluence the educator's point of view in teaching languages both mother tongueand second language learners. Among the linguistic theories described arestructuralism theories pioneered by Ferdinand de Saussure in Europe; the firstfigure to do a study of language with scientific principles and codified so that it canbe analyzed using systematic and clear methods. Other figures in this genre areLeonardo Bloomfield, Edward Saphier, Charles Hokait and Charles Fries. Second,the transformational generative theory pioneered by Noam Chomsky, who wasborn in 1928 in Pennsylvania, United States. Psychological theories discussed arethe theories of behaviorism, nativism, cognitivism, functional, constructivism,humanism and cybernetics
Implementasi Pendidikan Karakter Melalui Media Film dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam di SMP Negeri 1 Cempa Kabupaten Pinrang
Authors: Haer Ridwan
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTThis paper is about the Implementation of Character Education through FilmMedia in Learning Islamic Education in SMP Negeri 1 Cempa, Pinrang Regency.The purpose of this study is to describe the planning, implementation, and impactof the implementation of character education through film media in the learningprocess of Islamic Education in SMP Negeri 1 Cempa, Pinrang Regency.This research is a qualitative research with a naturalistic paradigm. Theinstruments used in this study are: observation guidelines, interview guidelines,and researchers as key instruments. The informants interviewed in this study wereprincipals, deputy heads of curriculum, Islamic Education teachers, and students.The results showed that the planning of character education using the film SunanKalijaga in the learning process of Islamic Education was done by planning in theform of a Learning Implementation Plan (RPP) supervised by the school, reviewingthe media, and reviewing learning material. The implementation of charactereducation is done by integrating character values into the material of IslamicEducation, especially related to moral material using the film Sunan Kalijaga thatis applied using the inquiry method. The implementation of character educationthrough film media in the learning of Islamic Education has an impact inimproving the quality of learning that is more fun, motivating, inspiring, andmeaningful. In addition, students are inspired to live up to character values such ascaring, courtesy and honesty to be applied in daily interactions.
Efisiensi Penggunaan Elearning dengan Memanfaatkan Teknologi Mobile Wireless Pada Stain Parepare
Authors: Ahsan Muhammad
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTE-learning is formal and informal learning. Formally, the e-learning learningmethod is carried out using learning that comes from the syllabus. The use ofe-learning from lecturers and students at STAIN Parepare is currently stillconsidered not to work well. The interest of students and lecturers in usinge-learning is still lacking. This is because the resources of the lecturers in filling thecontent of the e-learning are still lacking. This study aims to determine the efficiencyof using e-learning by using mobile wireless and knowing the level of satisfaction ofe-learning users by utilizing mobile wireless.
Mulheres indígenas e os espaços midiáticos: uma reflexão sobre silenciamento, memória e resistência
Authors: Silva Flávia Campos
Published: August 2019

Este trabajo es una reflexión sobre el movimiento de la construcción del significar. Cómo emergen y significam los sentidos en una dinámica que implica: el lugar (no) ocupado por las mujeres indí-genas en los medios de comunicación y en los espacios oficiales; el funcionamiento de la memoria discursiva en la constitución del sujeto “mujer indígena” y la aparición de otros sentidos en los actos de resistencia. La propuesta se basa, centralmente, en los supuestos de Orlandi (2003), (2013), (2015); Pêcheux (1991); Foucault (2012); Lima (2006) y Bourdieu (1992), (1996). Concluimos que el silenciamiento de la voz del sujeto “mujer indígena” en la media, produce sentidos que ade-más de significar en los límites del silencio y del lenguaje, dan fuerza a una resistencia con grande potencial para movimientar y reorientar las luchas de estas mujeres y consiguiente resignificación de los patrones de sociabilidad, interacción y compromiso.
Representaciones discursivas de las migrantes venezolanas en medios digitales
Authors: Ramírez Lasso Lilia Margarita
Published: August 2019

Mediante el análisis crítico de las representaciones discursivas que construyen medios digitales sobre las mujeres venezolanas migrantes en la región latinoamericana proponemos el abordaje de las categorías de nominación, los procesos y relatos en los que se enmarca a los sujetos representados, y el rol de agentividad que se le otorga en esos relatos. A partir del estudio de un corpus constituido por setenta notas y reportajes publicados en medios digitales en el año 2018 sobre las mujeres venezolanas migrantes en Latinoamérica, presentamos resultados que apuntan a la configuración de un conjunto de representaciones discursivas estigmatizantes y estereotipadas de este grupo social en los medios digitales venezolanos e internacionales analizados.
Discurso punitivo minorista desde uma perspectiva crítica: redução da maioridade penal
Authors: Carvalho Ana Cláudia Camargo , Silva Denize Elena Garcia da
Published: August 2019

El objetivo de este artículo es discutir el tema de la reducción de la mayor edad penal en el contexto brasileño. Para eso, buscamos apuntar razones que atraviesan las fronteras del discurso jurídico, así como relaciones linguístico-discursivas presentes en discursos de adolescentes en situación de reclusión a fin de que haya una reflexión en lo que se refiere a la implementación de la PEC que se propone la reducción de la mayoría penal. Esa iniciativa, en lugar de favorecer la justicia, puede agravar la cuestión social de la pobreza, sobre todo, en lo que concierne a los jóvenes que nacieron al margen de la sociedad y que aún sobreviven en situación de exclusión. Para la descripción e interpretación de los datos documentales, seleccionados en los últimos dos años (2016-2017), nos apoyamos en el Análisis del Discurso Crítico en los moldes de Fairclough (2003, 2010), asociado a la Lingüística Sistémico-Funcional, propuesta por Halliday (1994) y ampliada en Halliday y Matthiessen (2004; 2010). Completamos la triangulación teórica con la propuesta del Realismo Crítico de Bhaskar (1998).
Ironía y descortesía en los debates radiales en Chile: estrategias discursivas para ganar prestigio
Authors: Proust Iligaray Valentina
Published: August 2019

En el contexto de los estudios pragmáticos, este artículo estudia el uso de la descortesía en las interacciones de candidatos y periodistas en los debates radiales, como parte de la construcción y negociación de la imagen social. De forma particular, se analiza su manifestación en la ironía, como uno de los tipos de estrategias discursivas para hacer frente a lo político y lo polémico en el debate. El principal objetivo es identificar el rol que desempeña la ironía en este género y los efectos que provoca en  los interlocutores, a través de las marcas textuales y el análisis del desarrollo de la imagen social de cada uno de los participantes.
Difusión científica en la Argentina (1945-1960): consideraciones discursivas y lingüísticas
Authors: Von Stecher Pablo
Published: August 2019

El presente artículo indaga las representaciones sociolingüísticas e ideologías lingüísticas (Arnoux y Del Valle 2010) acerca del discurso en conferencias científicas y acerca del español como lengua de la ciencia, que tuvieron lugar en la revista argentina Ciencia e Investigación durante su primera etapa de publicación (1945-1960). Si bien la revista constata la importancia de las prácticas de difusión, el análisis expone cómo las capacidades retóricas y oratorias resultan minimizadas en la actividad científica o asociadas a un rasgo ornamental, en tanto que las consideraciones sobre el español anclan en sus limitaciones para la práctica de investigación. A pesar de las distintas dificultades que determinaban la comunicación científica en el país (y en la región) durante estos años, algunos obstáculos parecen soslayarse a partir de la concepción de un “lenguaje o idioma científico” capaz de trascender diferentes lenguas y disciplinas.
Semiosis de la renta agraria. Análisis de los discursos presidenciales durante el conflicto agropecuario en Argentina
Authors: Avalle Gerardo
Published: August 2019

RESUMENEl conflicto agropecuario (boicot, lock-out) desarrollado en Argentina durante el año 2008 adquirió una significativa trascendencia a nivel nacional e internacional en tanto consistió en una puja por la apropiación de recursos por el sector público y privado de gran escala. Los discursos presidenciales de entonces conforman en este sentido un recurso central para comprender la configuración del escenario político, la configuración de los actores y los intereses que se contraponen. A partir de la técnica del análisis de discurso proponemos un análisis de los campos semánticos que conformaron el conflicto para comprender la construcción de los escenarios políticos nacionales.PALABRAS CLAVE: discurso, agropecuario, semiosis, conflicto. RESUMO: O conflito agrícola (boicote, lock-out) desenvolvido na Argentina em 2008 adquiriu uma importância significativa em nível nacional e internacional, pois consistia em uma licitação para a apropriação de recursos pelo setor público e privado em larga escala. Os discursos presidenciais da época configuram nesse sentido um recurso central para entender a configuração do cenário político, a configuração dos atores e os interesses que se opõem. A partir da técnica de análise do discurso, propomos uma análise dos campos semânticos que formaram o conflito para compreender a construção de cenários políticos nacionais.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: discurso, setores rurais, semiose, conflito.  ABSTRACTThe agricultural conflict that took place in Argentina during 2008 acquired a significant national transcendence while it was considered a struggle between public and private sectors around the appropriation of revenues from agricultural activities. The presidential speeches are central elements to understand the pattern of this political scene, the configuration of actors and the interests in opposition. With the speech analysis as a main technique, this article proposes an analysis of those central semantic fields in this conflict in order to understand the construction of political national scenes.KEYWORDS: discourse, rural sectors, semiotics, conflicto.
Construcción discursiva del estatus de sabio en una comunidad mapuche pehuenche a partir del relato de dos kimches
Authors: Arancibia Cristina , Alarcón Fernanda
Published: August 2019

Este estudio tiene como objetivo dar cuenta de la construcción discursiva del estatus de kimche (sabio) a través del relato de dos ancianos, que cumplen este papel social fundamental en la mantención de las tradiciones y de la cultura mapuche en las comunidades del Alto Bio-Bio. El análisis de los relatos se enfoca en la descripción y explicación de secuencias de actividades recurrentes, en torno a los temas de conversación que surgen en las entrevistas. Los resultados del análisis de ambas entrevistas muestran que los kimches se construyen discursivamente, a través de hitos vitales, a saber: la paternidad/maternidad, la muerte, la emigración a la ciudad y la recuperación de la tierras usurpadas. Finalmente, es importante destacar que las diferencias observadas en las actividades que configuran sus roles en la comunidad, no solo muestran la complementariedad de sus respectivas tareas, sino también representan el diálogo permanente entre prácticas discursivas y orden social.
Starting Over After Environmental Trauma
Authors: Nemeth Darlyne G.
Published: August 2019

In August 2016, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, was inundated by 31 inches of rain during a 48-hour period. Entire communities were flooded. Many homes had six feet of water. People were awakened in the middle of the night with water rising around them. Once things began to settle, the emotional damage became apparent. Nemeth and Whittington 2012, outlined the following six stages of recovery from environmental trauma: 1) Shock, 2) Survival Mode, 3) Assessment of Basic Needs, 4) Awareness of Loss, 5) Susceptibility to Spin and Fraud, and 6) Resolution. Many flood victims, who presented for health care, were reporting the following symptoms: constant worry, irritability, tension, headaches, restlessness, sleep disturbance, sadness, and fatigue. These symptoms were anniversary reactions. Most likely, these individuals had been flooded in March 2016 and/or during Hurricane Katrina in 2005, not just in August 2016. People were still emotionally numb four months afterwards. As thinking in the shadow of feelings is often very hard to do, the need for psychotherapeutic intervention was apparent. People who attended these Emotional Resiliency workshops were given an opportunity to be heard, to share their feelings, and to learn effective coping mechanisms. The real strength of the workshops was, however, the opportunity for bonding. People who felt very alone came together and found strength in their common purpose. Psychological coping skills were enhanced and a deeper sense of spiritual awareness occurred. Creative drawings, relaxation exercises, and expressions of thankfulness allowed people to express their feelings and to move forward.
De-pathologizing love in therapeutic care: Attending to an unwitting hermeneutical violence
Authors: DuBose Todd
Published: August 2019

This paper addresses the nature of pathologization in general and the pathologization of love in therapeutic care in particular. “Pathologized or pathologization[u1] ,” means an event, person, action, thought, feeling, or circumstance that is de-valuated as “less than,” as compromised or broken, and unwittingly (ironically, in the name of love) demeaned, belittled, ignored, jettisoned or ostracized for its not-enough-ness, its incorrectness, or its inadequacy in light of rank-ordered scales of measured worth. The pathologist presumes an essentialist hegemony [ctsq2] should be healthy love, consequentiality, views any expression less than this prescription as a privation or pathologization of healthy love, and is thus immature, ill, or unethical. Common ways therapists pathologize love in therapeutic space include the use of a modified against nature argument; which today is reframed as an against the status quo argument. The use of inflection and body language that communicates disapproval are, enacting[u3] ideologies of deficit-correction that inherently stigmatize, interpreting expressions of love “as other than it is,” or, “as nothing but something else,” such as adoration interpreted as really dependency or teenaged pining as merely raging hormones. Essentialist rank-ordered scaling inherent in these forms of pathologization is deconstructed, then explored in terms of the impact of this deconstruction in therapeutic care. The essay is concluded[u4] with suggestions of how to care for expressions of love in non-pathologizing ways within therapeutic space.
Mood Disorder Masking Delusional Disorder
Authors: Tan Huey Jing Dr. Renee
Published: August 2019

This is a case of a 44 years old lady, married and working as a maid. She presented with prominent depressed mood in addition to feeling worthless. She was unable to sleep and felt lethargic during the day. She also expressed death wishes without active suicidal plans. She was treated for Major Depressive Disorder initially. However, her symptoms of depression did not resolve with trial of various antidepressants of adequate dosage and duration. Further exploration and collateral history from family members revealed that her mood symptoms were stem from paranoid delusion towards her husband and his family. As a result of her delusion, she also faced with difficulties in interaction and intimacy with her husband and his family and thus affected her marriage. She was started on antipsychotic, in which, she responded well to it.
Multicultural Stress Management
Authors: Chan Weng Lok Edward
Published: August 2019

Stress is a specific response by the body to a stimulus which tends to disturb the normal physiological equilibrium. Stress management skill can be culturally different due to the different parenting styles that is more popular in a culture. Diet is also related to stress as the mind and body are interrelated. Some evidences shown that staple diet had given rise to Parkinson or Alzheimer. Thus, nutrition and psychotherapy need to go together for effective stress management. Much evidence has supported the use of Ketogenic diet to manage stress. Psychotherapy, particularly schema therapy could manage stress through focusing on creating disassociation between our own vulnerability and our internalized critical voice. US recently focused on balancing imbalanced neurotransmitters in reducing stress symptoms. Lab tests can help detect the levels of our neurotransmitters and identify any imbalance of individual neurotransmitters contributing to stress related disorders, which are now available in Malaysia.
ХОРИЖИЙ ТИЛЛАРНИ ЎҚИТИШДА БАДИИЙ АДАБИЁТДАН ФОЙДАЛАНИШ – РЕПРОДУКТИВ КОМПЕТЕНЦИЯНИ ШАКЛЛАНТИРИШ ОМИЛИ СИФАТИДА
Authors: Sanakulov Zayniddin
Published: August 2019

Мақолада хорижий тилларни ўрганишда бадиий адабиётдан фойдаланишнинг аҳамияти, унга
ижодий (репродуктив) компетенцияни шакллантириш омили сифатида қараш масаласи доирасида
фикр юритилган. Шунингдек, чет тили машғулотларида бадиий адабиётдан фойдаланишнинг афзал
томонлари ва камчиликлари тўғрисидаги асос ва далиллар немис педагог назариётчиларининг
қарашлари билан таққослаб ўрганилган.

В статье рассматриваются актуальные вопросы преподавания иностранных языков, в
которых идею использования художественной литературы на иностранных языках можно
рассматривать как фактор формирования творческой (репродуктивной) компетенции.
Основы преимуществ и недостатков использования художественной литературы в изучении
иностранных языков были сопоставлены со взглядами опытных немецких педагогов.

This article is devoted to the actual issues of teaching foreign languages, in which ideas on the use of fiction in foreign languages can be viewed as a factor in the formation of creative (reproductive) competence. In addition, the basics of the advantages and disadvantages of using fictional literature in foreign language studies have been compared with the views of mature German pedagogues.
IDIOMS WITH A FLORAL COMPONENT AND DIFFICULTIES OF THEIR TRANSLATION
Authors: Alimova Kamola
Published: August 2019

This article is devoted to the study of English idioms with flora component, their meaning and use in speech. The aim of the work is to define the concept of "idioms", the history of idioms with the component of flora, centuries-old human observations of the world of flora and the attitude of people to this area of reality. The article also reveals the peculiarities of English idioms with flora component important for translation and considers the problem of adequacy and equivalence in translation, as well as the ways of translation of English idioms into Uzbek. The present article is devoted to investigation of idioms with the component of the flora, their importance and use in speech. The aim of the work is to define the concept of "idiom". The history of occurrence of idioms with flora component is considered. Identify the features of idioms that are important for translation and methods of translation of English idiom with the component flora.

Ушбу мақола флора компонентига эга бўлган инглиз идиомаларининг мазмуни ва уларни нутқдаги аҳамиятини ўрганишга бағишланган. Мақоланиниг мақсади флора компонентига эга бўлган инглиз идомаларининг моҳияти ва келиб чиқиш тарихини ўрганиш ва флора дунёсининг кўп асрлик инсон томонида кузатилиши ва унга муносабатини кўриб чиқишдан иборат. Шунингдек, мақолада флора компонентига эга бўлган инглиз идиомаларининг ўзбек тилига таржима қилиш жараёнидаги муҳим
жиҳатлари, айниқса, таржимада адекватлик ва эквалентлик муаммоси ҳамда таржима қилиш усуллари кўриб чиқилган.

Cтатья посвящена изучению английских идиом с компонентом флора, их значению и употреблению в речи. Целью работы является определение понятия идиома, история идиом с компонентом флора, многовековые наблюдения человека за миром флоры и отношение людей к этой области действительности. В статье также раскрываются особенности перевода английских идиом с компонентом флора, рассматривается проблема адекватности и эквивалентности в переводе и способы перевода английских идиом на узбекский язык.
АБДУЛЛОҲ МАРВОРИД ВА УНИНГ “МУНШАОТ” АСАРИ
Authors: Mahmudov Umedullo
Published: August 2019

Ушбу мақолада Алишер Навоий яшаган давр ва ундан кейинги пайтда яратилган муншаотлар, хусусан, “Муншаоти Абдуллоҳ Марворид” асари, муаллиф шахсияти, асарнинг қўлёзма нусхалари ва унинг ўзбек адабиёти тарихида тутган ўрни ва аҳамияти хусусида сўз юритилган.
Муншаот (араб. – иншо этилганлар, яъни ёзилганлар, битилганлар) – Шарқ шеъриятидаги жанрлардан бири, муаллифнинг назмда ёки насрда ёзилган мактублар тўплами.

В данной статье расследуются произведения эпистолярного жанра – муншаот, которые были написаны при жизни и после смерти Алишера Навои. Также исследуется «Муншаоти Абдуллох Марворид» и личность автора, рукописи его произведений и его роль в истории узбекской литературы.
Муншаот (араб. «составленные письма», то есть сборник писем) – один из жанров восточной поэзии, собранные письма писарей, написанных стихами или прозой.

This article discusses the works of the epistolary genre – the munshaot which were written during and after the lifetime of Alisher Navoi, in particular, “Munshaoti Abdulloh Marvorid”; the author’s identity, the manuscript of the work and its role in the history of Uzbek literature, are given in the article.
Moonsha’at (Arabic. Compiled letters, that is, a collection of letters) is one of the genres of oriental poetry, collected letters of clerks, written in verse or prose.
Fast Computational Convolution Methods for Extended Source Effects in Microlensing Light Curves
Authors: Witt Hans J. , Atrio-Barandela F.
Published: August 2019

Extended source effects can be seen in gravitational lensing events when sources cross critical lines. Such events probe the stellar intensity profile and could be used to measure limb-darkening coefficients to test stellar model predictions. A database of accurately measured stellar profiles is needed to correctly subtract the stellar flux in planetary transient events. The amount of data that is being produced and that will be produced in current and future microlensing surveys, from both space and ground, requires algorithms that can quickly compute light curves for different source-lens configurations. Based on the convolution method, we describe a general formalism to compute those curves for single lenses. We develop approximations in terms of quadratures of elliptic integrals that we integrate by solving the associated first-order differential equations. We construct analytic solutions for a limb darkening and, for the first time, for a parabolic profile that are accurate at the ∼1%–3% and 0.5% level, respectively. These solutions can be computed orders of magnitude faster than other integration routines. They can be implemented in pipelines processing large data sets to extract stellar parameters in real time.
Green Peas in X-Rays∗
Authors: Svoboda J. , Douna V. , Orlitová I. , Ehle M.
Published: August 2019

Green Peas represent a population of compact, highly star-forming dwarf galaxies at redshifts z ∼ 0.2–0.3 that have recently been found to show signatures of ultraviolet ionizing radiation leakage. They are being considered as analogs to high-redshift star-forming galaxies, possibly responsible for cosmic reionization. Despite intensive studies of Green Peas in the ultraviolet and optical domains, their X-ray properties have only so far been probed by nearby analogs. In this paper, we present the first measurements of Green Peas in the X-ray domain to constrain their spectral properties and fluxes at high energies. We analyzed XMM-Newton observations of three Green Pea sources. For two of them, we found an X-ray luminosity exceeding by a half-order of magnitude its predicted value, derived from the star formation rate and metallicity. Only an upper limit of the X-ray luminosity was derived for the third studied galaxy. Our results indicate that at least some Green Peas produce copious amounts of highly energetic photons, larger than detected in other star-forming galaxies. We discuss possible physical scenarios for the measured X-ray excess, including the presence of a hidden active galactic nucleus, a larger population of X-ray binaries, or ultra-luminous X-ray sources. Future spatially resolved X-ray images will discriminate between the models. Larger Green Pea samples will provide a possible link between the X-ray properties and the leaking ultraviolet radiation.
Exploring the Properties of Warm and Cold Atomic Hydrogen in the Taurus and Gemini Regions
Authors: Nguyen Hiep , Dawson J. R. , Lee Min-Young , Murray Claire E. , Stanimirović Snežana , Heiles Carl , Miville-Deschênes M.-A. , Hafner Anita
Published: August 2019

We report Arecibo 21 cm absorption-emission observations to characterize the physical properties of neutral hydrogen (H i) in the proximity of five giant molecular clouds (GMCs): Taurus, California, Rosette, Mon OB1, and NGC 2264. Strong H i absorption was detected toward all 79 background-continuum sources in the ∼60 × 20 square degree region. Gaussian decompositions were performed to estimate temperatures, optical depths, and column densities of the cold and warm neutral medium (CNM and WNM). The properties of individual CNM components are similar to those previously observed along random Galactic sightlines and in the vicinity of molecular clouds, suggesting a universality of cold H i properties. The CNM spin temperature (T
s) histogram peaks at ∼50 K. The turbulent Mach numbers of CNM components vary widely, with a typical value of ∼4, indicating that their motions are supersonic. About 60% of the total H i gas is WNM, and nearly 40% of the WNM lies in thermally unstable regime 500–5000 K. The observed CNM fraction is higher around GMCs than in diffuse regions, and increases with increasing column density (

) to a maximum of ∼75%. On average, the optically thin approximation (

) underestimates the total column density by ∼21%, but we find large regional differences in the relationship between

and the required correction factor, f = 

. We examine two different methods (linear fit of f versus log10(

) and uniform T
s) to correct for opacity effects using emission data from the GALFA-H i survey. We prefer the uniform T
s method because the linear relationship does not produce convincing fits for all subregions.
Kinematic Collisionless Relaxation and Time Dependence of Supercritical Shocks with Alpha Particles
Authors: Gedalin Michael
Published: August 2019

Upon crossing, the shock front ions begin to strongly gyrate due to the effect of the macroscopic magnetic and electric field. The strongly nongyrotropic downstream distributions gradually gyrotropize due to the gyrophase mixing. Kinematic collisionless relaxation has been successful in explaining the downstream magnetic oscillations in time-independent planar laminar shocks. Time dependence of supercritical shocks becomes more pronounced with the increase of the Mach number. While downstream gyrating distributions are still formed due to macroscopic fields, pressure balance can no longer be maintained throughout, causing time dependence. The presence of alpha particles enhances the destabilization of the shock.
Ambient Column Densities of Highly Ionized Oxygen in Precipitation-limited Circumgalactic Media
Authors: Voit G. Mark
Published: August 2019

Many of the baryons associated with a galaxy reside in its circumgalactic medium (CGM), in a diffuse volume-filling phase at roughly the virial temperature. Much of the oxygen produced over cosmic time by the galaxy’s stars also ends up there. The resulting absorption lines in the spectra of UV and X-ray background sources are powerful diagnostics of the feedback processes that prevent more of those baryons from forming stars. This paper presents predictions for CGM absorption lines (O vi, O vii, O viii, Ne viii, N v) that are based on precipitation-regulated feedback models, which posit that the radiative cooling time of the ambient medium cannot drop much below 10 times the freefall time without triggering a strong feedback event. The resulting predictions align with many different observational constraints on the Milky Way’s ambient CGM and explain why N
O vi
 ≈ 1014 cm−2 over large ranges in halo mass and projected radius. Within the precipitation framework, the strongest O vi absorption lines result from vertical mixing of the CGM that raises low-entropy ambient gas to greater altitudes, because adiabatic cooling of the uplifted gas then lowers its temperature and raises the fractional abundance of O5+. Condensation stimulated by uplift may also produce associated low-ionization components. The observed velocity structure of the O vi absorption suggests that galactic outflows do not expel circumgalactic gas at the halo’s escape velocity, but rather drive circulation that dissipates much of the galaxy’s supernova energy within the ambient medium, causing some of it to expand beyond the virial radius.
GROWTH on S190426c: Real-time Search for a Counterpart to the Probable Neutron Star–Black Hole Merger using an Automated Difference Imaging Pipeline for DECam
Authors: Goldstein Daniel A. , Andreoni Igor , Nugent Peter E. , Kasliwal Mansi M. , Coughlin Michael W. , Anand Shreya , Bloom Joshua S. , Martínez-Palomera Jorge , Zhang 张可 Keming 名 , Ahumada Tomás , Bagdasaryan Ashot , Cooke Jeff , De Kishalay , Duev Dmitry A. , Fremling U. Christoffer , Gatkine Pradip , Graham Matthew , Ofek Eran O. , Singer Leo P. , Yan Lin
Published: August 2019

The discovery of a transient kilonova following the gravitational-wave (GW) event GW170817 highlighted the critical need for coordinated rapid and wide-field observations, inference, and follow-up across the electromagnetic spectrum. In the southern hemisphere, the Dark Energy Camera (DECam) on the Blanco 4 m telescope is well suited to this task, as it is able to cover wide fields quickly while still achieving the depths required to find kilonovae like the one accompanying GW170817 to ∼500 Mpc, the binary neutron star (NS) horizon distance for current generation of LIGO/Virgo collaboration (LVC) interferometers. Here, as part of the multi-facility follow-up by the Global Relay of Observatories Watching Transients Happen collaboration, we describe the observations and automated data movement, data reduction, candidate discovery, and vetting pipeline of our target-of-opportunity DECam observations of S190426c, the first possible NS–black hole merger detected in GWs. Starting 7.5 hr after S190426c, over 11.28 hr of observations, we imaged an area of 525 deg2 (r band) and 437 deg2 (z band); this was 16.3% of the total original localization probability, and nearly all of the probability visible from the southern hemisphere. The machine-learning-based pipeline was optimized for fast turnaround, delivering transients for human vetting within 17 minutes, on average, of shutter closure. We reported nine promising counterpart candidates 2.5 hr before the end of our observations. One hour after our data-taking ended (roughly 20 hr after the announcement of S190426c), LVC released a refined skymap that reduced the probability coverage of our observations to 8.0%, demonstrating a critical need for localization updates on shorter (∼hour) timescales. Our observations yielded no detection of a bona fide counterpart to m

z
 = 21.7 and m

r
 = 22.2 at the 5σ level of significance, consistent with the refined LVC positioning. We view these observations and rapid inferencing as an important real-world test for this novel end-to-end wide-field pipeline.
Physical Characterization of Active Asteroid (6478) Gault
Authors: Sanchez Juan A. , Reddy Vishnu , Thirouin Audrey , Wright Edward L. , Linder Tyler R. , Kareta Theodore , Sharkey Benjamin
Published: August 2019

Main belt asteroid (6478) Gault has been dynamically linked with two overlapping asteroid families: Phocaea, dominated by S-type asteroids, and Tamara, dominated by low-albedo C-types. This object has recently become an interesting case for study after images obtained in late 2018 revealed that it was active and displaying a comet-like tail. Previous authors have proposed that the most likely scenarios to explain the observed activity on Gault were rotational excitation or merger of near-contact binaries. Here we use new photometric and spectroscopic data of Gault to determine its physical and compositional properties. Lightcurves derived from the photometric data showed little variation over three nights of observations, which prevented us from determining the rotation period of the asteroid. Using WISE observations of Gault and the near-Earth Asteroid Thermal Model (NEATM) we determined that this asteroid has a diameter <6 km. Near-infrared spectroscopic data obtained with the Infrared Telescope Facility showed a spectrum similar to that of S-complex asteroids, and a surface composition consistent with H chondrite meteorites. These results favor a compositional affinity between Gault and asteroid (25) Phocaea, and rules out a compositional link with the Tamara family. From the spectroscopic data we found no evidence of fresh material that could have been exposed during the outburst episodes.
ALMA Observations of the Terahertz Spectrum of Sagittarius A*
Authors: Bower Geoffrey C. , Dexter Jason , Asada Keiichi , Brinkerink Christiaan D. , Falcke Heino , Ho Paul , Inoue Makoto , Markoff Sera , Marrone Daniel P. , Matsushita Satoki , Moscibrodzka Monika , Nakamura Masanori , Peck Alison , Rao Ramprasad
Published: August 2019

We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations at 233, 678, and 870 GHz of the Galactic Center black hole, Sagittarius A*. These observations reveal a flat spectrum over this frequency range with spectral index α ≈ −0.3, where the flux density S ∝ ν

α
. We model the submillimeter and far-infrared spectrum with a one-zone synchrotron model of thermal electrons. We infer electron densities n = (2–5) × 106 cm−3, electron temperatures T

e
 = (1–3) × 1011 K, and magnetic field strength B = 10–50 G. The parameter range can be further constrained using the observed quiescent X-ray luminosity. The flat submillimeter spectrum results in a high electron temperature and implies that the emitting electrons are efficiently heated. We also find that the emission is most likely optically thin at 233 GHz. These results indicate that millimeter and submillimeter wavelength very long baseline interferometry of Sgr A* including those of the Event Horizon Telescope should see a transparent emission region down to event horizon scales.
Remediation potential of early successional pioneer species Chenopodium album and Tripleurospermum inodorum
Authors: Tőzsér Dávid , Tóthmérész Béla , Harangi Sándor , Baranyai Edina , Lakatos Gyula , Fülöp Zoltán , Simon Edina
Published: August 2019

Remediation with plants is a technology used to decrease soil or water contamination. In this study we assessed the remediation potential of two weed species (Chenopodium album and Tripleurospermum inodorum) in a moderately metal-contaminated area. Metal concentrations were studied in roots, stems and leaves, in order to assess correlations in metal concentrations between those in soil and plants. Furthermore, we calculated bioaccumulation factor (BAF), bioconcentration factor (BCF) and translocation factor (TF) values to study the accumulation of metals from soil to plants and translocation within plants. We found correlation in metal concentrations between soil and plants. The metal accumulation potential was low in both species, indicating low BAF and BCF values. In contrast, high TF values were found for Mn, Ni, Sr, Zn, Ba, Fe, Cu and Pb in C. album, and for Fe, Mn, Ni, Zn and Sr in T. inodorum. Our results demonstrated that the potential of C. album and T. inodorum might be limited in phytoextraction processes; however, when accumulated, metals are successfully transported to aboveground plant organs. Thus, to achieve the efficient remediation of metal-contaminated soils, removal of the aboveground plant organs is recommended, by which soil disturbance can also be avoided.
An investigation of thermal comfort conditions under rock formations m Sri Lanka
Authors: Gunadasa D. M. N. I.
Published: August 2019

Behaviour of a rock as a barrier of heat differs so much from the behaviour of a conventional insulator. In thecase of an insulator the factor that governs the heat exchange is Thermal Conductivity. But rocks, being massive in both density and scale, the Heat Capacity of the material largely effect the heat flow. And under natural thermal environment, the heat flow will never reach a steady state. The governing factor of heat flow here is Thermal Diffusivity. This ever-transient heat flow problem is so complex that it is hardly studied. This report is the forerunner to a research or the capability to utilize natural rock for motions in architecture to create advanced thermal environment. The main objective is to verify whether rocks do effect the thermal environment of their surrounding to a level worthwhile to be studied.
A web-based user guide for Sri Lanka standards 573: standard method of measurement of building works
Authors: Perera Srinath , Karunasena Gayani , Fonseka Thilesh
Published: August 2019

A brief investigation revealed that the Sri Lanka Standards 573 (SLS573): Standard Method of Measurement of Building Works (SMM), which was first revised in 1999, is generally used in the industry. However, it is also viewed that the SMM is not popular enough because of several issues. This research was aimed at identifying such issues and compiling a "Web-Based User Guide" to make it popular in the industry. The research was focussed on to investigating the problem areas of the SMM SLS 573 and to group them under three headings namely; Measurement rules which do no match to local needs, Areas where clarification is required and Omissions where no measurement rules have been given. The questionnaire survey received a poor response thus a selected number of professionals were interviewed using semi-structured interviews. It was revealed that many people were reluctant to use the SLS573 because of the ambiguities and non-conformity to local practices. With these findings of the research a user friendly and easy to use electronic user guide was developed. This is called as the Web-Based User Guide and it has many advantages over the other methods of popularising the SMM. It is hoped that this new concept will have a changing effect in the industry and the process of standardisation will be a success.
Appropriate research methods in architectural research: a survey of quantitative techniques
Authors: Emmanuel Rohinton
Published: August 2019

No abstract available
Distribution of subfossil chironomids (Diptera, Chironomidae) along a water depth gradient in the shallow Lake Spore, northern Poland
Authors: Pleskot Krzysztof , Tóth Mónika , Apolinarska Karina
Published: August 2019

Subfossil chironomid (Diptera, Chironomidae) remains are often used as indicators of lake level changes in palaeolimnological studies. However, their usefulness as a water depth proxy can vary between the sites, depending on the lake morphology, mode of taphonomic processes or amplitude of past water level fluctuations, among other factors. In this study, we have examined the distribution of subfossil chironomids in the shallow Lake Spore (northern Poland) to assess the influence of water depth on the fauna. Our aim was to evaluate the site-specific utility of subfossil chironomids for lake level reconstruction at Lake Spore. The subfossil chironomid assemblages in Lake Spore have heterogeneous distribution, suggesting they are predominately composed of remains deposited close to the sampling location. A strong relationship between the water depth and the chironomids is marked by the 25.12% variance explained by water depth in the taxonomic data. Moreover, according to generalized linear models (GLMs) out of 44 dominant taxa, 12 have significant relationships with water depth. However, the sensitivity of our chironomid fauna to water depth changes is not continuous along the entire depth gradient. The most abrupt assemblage change occurs at 2.6–3.7 m water depth, in proximity to the depth where macrophytes become less dense and finally disappear. We conclude that, despite these strong chironomid-water depth relationships, only major water level fluctuations can be satisfactorily reconstructed due to the limited turnover rates of the fauna along a depth gradient and relatively small amplitude of the lake level variations characteristic for East-Central Europe.
A linguistic approach to the detection of minimal language dysfunction in aphasia
Authors: Penn Claire
Published: August 2019

Linguistic tests, based on an expressive language sample and clinical tests of aphasia, were administered to a minimally impaired aphasic subject in an attempt to compare their relative utility and sensitivity. Tests based on a linguistic framework were found to be far more sensitive to the errors in the subject's language than traditional clinical tests. Specifically, the linguistic tests isolated difficulties with the processing of deep structure relations of complex sentences. Various reasons for the results are suggested and some points are made regarding the validation of theoretical constructs through aphasic language data. A suggested model for the classification, testing and therapy of aphasic disorders, based on linguistic theory, is postulated.
A comparison of the performance of five aphasic patients on different tests of language ability
Authors: Solarsh Barbara
Published: August 2019

The performance of five aphasic patients was rated on three tests of language ability: The Minnesota Test for  Differential  Diagnosis; Luria's Tests of aphasia; and a Test of expressive language based on graded stimuli from the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test. In order to assess communicative-ability of the subjects, each expressive language sample was administered to four judges and a score of communicative success was computed. The study aimed at comparing each subject's performance on these tests of aphasia and its relationship to the degree of communicative success, in an attempt to ascertain which test is the most accurate predictor of  "amount" of aphasic impairment. It also aimed at extracting those variables most useful and appropriate in the diagnosis of the impairment found in aphasic patients. Inter-test correlations revealed that tests of aphasia appear to be accurate predictors of "amount" of communicative success. Inter-item comparison revealed fourteen sub-tests which indicated greatest difference in the performance of all the subjects.
A review of speech therapy services in ten cerebral palsy schools in the Republic of South Africa
Authors: Shavell Audrey
Published: August 2019

Information on speech therapy services at ten Cerebral Palsy Schools in South Africa was obtained by means of a questionnaire. The results compared the numbers of children receiving treatment on an out-patient and in-patient basis; the percentage of children diagnosed as Cerebral Palsied, Minimal Brain Dysfunction,  Aphasic and unclassified in each school; the percentage of speech, voice, hearing and language disturbances in each diagnostic category, the frequency of speech therapy treatments and types of assessments used; The speech therapists who completed the questionnaire also gave their opinion on the value of  joint assessments, case conferences and use of a communication board as well as topics they would like to discuss.
The nature of jargon in the normal and language impaired child
Authors: Hurwitz Diane
Published: August 2019

The jargon utterances of two groups of two subjects each, group A, children with normal speech and language development, and group B, children with delayed or impaired speech and language development, were recorded and transcribed. The data were divided into meaningful and non-meaningful categories. The former were analysed into morphemes in terms of distinctive features and phonemes. All subjects were, found to have essentially similar distinctive features, phonemes and morpheme structures with minor exceptions. Intonation varied: group A used more sentence intonation, whereas group Β used more word intonation. Word approximations, standard and self-language words were found in all subjects. It was concluded that jargon appears to be a fusion of early phonological development and phonetic attempts, and that no significant difference exists between the two groups.