bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Bayesian Approach to Constructing Probabilistic Models from Knowledge Graphs
Authors: Freedman Hayden , Metzger Jacob , Abolhassani Neda , Tudor Ana , Tomlinson Bill , Paul Sanjoy
Published: December 2023

Making predictions bounded by uncertainty is a crucial component of modern decision support systems. Knowledge graphs provide a structured, semantic-oriented approach to data integration, storage and retrieval; however, they represent data in an absolute way and do not natively support reasoning under uncertain future conditions. In this paper, we present a novel technique for building a probabilistic model from a knowledge graph using a Bayesian network, which is a step towards enabling probabilistic reasoning under uncertainty within a knowledge graph. Our approach supports mixing of continuously and discretely-distributed variables, which is necessary for jointly processing real-world data, but has not typically been supported in prior work. As an interface to the probabilistic model, we propose an extension of the SPARQL query language called Orion DSL, which is currently a working prototype. We also define a custom probabilistic ontology in order to store outputs of the model directly in the knowledge graph alongside the original data, which we refer to as a Probabilistic Knowledge Graph (PKG). The evaluation shows that: (1) the dependencies and distributions of data in a synthetically-generated knowledge graph were accurately captured by the Bayesian model, and (2) an SPARQL query against the PKG to retrieve computed probability distributions was orders of magnitude more performant than a similarly-intentioned query against the base knowledge graph. We anticipate that the models generated by this system will have applications in the areas of predicting missing data, approximate query processing, and utility-based optimization. Future work will involve more detailed explorations of each of these topics as we work towards a PKG-based decision support system.
One-sided nilpotent semicommutative properties of rings
Authors: He Ping , Zhao Liang
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we study the semicommutative properties of rings with one-sided nilpotent structures. The concepts of left and right nilpotent semicommutative rings are defined and studied, which are a generalization of semicommutative rings. We show that the class of one-sided nilpotent semicommutative rings is strictly placed between the class of semicommutative rings and that of nil-semicommutative rings. As applications, we give some characterizations of semiprime rings from the point of view of left nilpotent semicommutative rings.
Microstructures and electromagnetic interference shielding properties of 2D defective Mo1.33C (MXene)
Authors: Yang Jiaxin , Chen Zhaohui , Chi Xiaodan , Yu Tao , Deng Wenyu , Lu Yanjun , Qi Lijun , Yuan Shuang , Wang Qiang , Cui Weibin
Published: December 2023

MXene has shown great potential in electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding field benefit due to its excellent conductivity and surface hydrophilicity. Vacancy-doped MXene can be obtained by selectively etching Al and Y of the 3D (Mo[Formula: see text]Y[Formula: see text])2AlC precursor. Introducing defects such as vacancy into MXene can reduce its weight per unit volume and realize lightweight. Herein, for the first time, the defect-containing Mo[Formula: see text]C MXene “paper” of 3.5 [Formula: see text]m thickness was tested as electromagnetic interference materials, showing promising results compared to other MXene and graphene-based materials.
Surface modification of TiNb alloys by hydrothermal-precalcification treatment and its excellent in vitro osteogenic bioactivity
Authors: Zhu Hanfeng , Zheng Lin , Liao Xiaogang , Li Gang
Published: December 2023

The superb comprehensive mechanical properties of titanium and its alloys make them ideal materials for artificial bone repair. However, the osseointegration between normal tissue and implant is lengthy due to the relatively poor surface osteogenic bioactivity of titanium-based materials. For the sake of accelerating the bone healing process, surface modification for the titanium- based implant is therefore of great necessity. In this paper, the novel [Formula: see text]-typed TiNb alloy with good biocompatibility was modified by a simple hydrothermal-precalcification method. The experimental results demonstrate that these hydrothermally prepared TiNb alloys were coated by a superhydrophilic Nb-doped TiO2 film with a hierarchical micro-nanostructure. After subsequent pre-calcification treatment, calcium and phosphorus species with low content were successfully introduced into the film without morphological change. The simulated body fluid (SBF) soaking experiments show that the TiNb alloy with the two-step surface treatment represented excellent in vitro bioactivity. After incubating in SBF for only 1 day, the TiNb alloy surface was thoroughly coated with a layer of newly formed spherical hydroxyapatite clusters. Comparatively, no obvious hydroxyapatite was deposited on the TiNb alloy surface with the one-step hydrothermal treatment even after five days of incubation in SBF. As a result, the hydrothermal–precalcification treatment is an ideal method to improve the osteogenic bioactivity of TiNb alloy, which can be further extended to surface modification of other titanium-based implant materials.
On degree conditions of semi-balanced k-partite Hamiltonian graphs
Authors: Yokomura Kuniharu
Published: December 2023

For two integers [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text], a [Formula: see text]-partite graph is said to be a semi-balanced [Formula: see text]-partite graph if each partite set has either [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text] vertices. We give some degree conditions for semi-balanced [Formula: see text]-partite graphs to be Hamiltonian and almost pancyclic, respectively. Furthermore, using these results, we obtain the degree conditions for a balanced [Formula: see text]-partite graph to be vertex bipancyclic if [Formula: see text] is even, and vertex [Formula: see text]-pancyclic if [Formula: see text] is odd.
A hierarchical structure of the quad-cube and the associated diameter, domination, and Hamiltonicity
Authors: Jha Pranava K.
Published: December 2023

The quad-cube is a special case of the metacube that itself is derivable from the hypercube. It is amenable to an application as a network topology, especially when the node size exceeds several million. This paper presents a sequence of graphs, leading up to the quad-cube, where the graphs in the sequence are important in their own right. For example, they exhibit hypercube-like low diameters and efficient domination parameters, and most of them admit a Hamiltonian cycle. The hierarchy is likely to be useful in the future.
Eigenvalues of the generalized subdivision graph with applications to graph energy
Authors: Shamsher Tahir , Pirzada S.
Published: December 2023

For a graph [Formula: see text] with vertex set [Formula: see text] and edge set [Formula: see text], let [Formula: see text] denotes the subdivision graph of [Formula: see text] with vertex set [Formula: see text]. In [Formula: see text], replace each vertex [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], by [Formula: see text] vertices and join every vertex to the neighbors of [Formula: see text]. Then in the resulting graph, replace each vertex [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], by [Formula: see text] vertices and join every vertex to the neighbors of [Formula: see text]. The resulting graph is denoted by [Formula: see text]. This generalizes the construction of the subdivision graph [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] of a graph [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we provide the complete information about the spectrum of [Formula: see text] using the spectrum of [Formula: see text]. Further, we determine the Laplacian spectrum of [Formula: see text] using the Laplacian spectrum of [Formula: see text], when [Formula: see text] is a regular graph. Also, we find the Laplacian spectrum of [Formula: see text] using the Laplacian spectrum of [Formula: see text] when [Formula: see text]. The energy of a graph [Formula: see text] is defined as the sum of the absolute values of the eigenvalues of [Formula: see text]. The incidence energy of a graph [Formula: see text] is defined as the sum of the square roots of the signless Laplacian eigenvalues of [Formula: see text]. Finally, as an application, we show that the energy of the graph [Formula: see text] is completely determined by the incidence energy of the graph [Formula: see text].
On the open monophonic number of a graph
Authors: Santhakumaran A. P. , Mahendran M. , Ganesamoorthy K.
Published: December 2023

For a connected graph [Formula: see text] of order [Formula: see text], a connected open monophonic set [Formula: see text] of vertices in a connected graph [Formula: see text] is a minimal connected open monophonic set if no proper subset of [Formula: see text] is a connected open monophonic set of [Formula: see text]. The upper connected open monophonic number om[Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] is the maximum cardinality of a minimal connected open monophonic set of [Formula: see text]. The upper connected open monophonic numbers of certain standard graphs are determined. It is proved that [Formula: see text] for the Petersen graph [Formula: see text]. Also, it is proved that for a graph [Formula: see text] of order [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] if and only if [Formula: see text]. For positive integers [Formula: see text],[Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text], there exists a connected graph [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Further, it is analyzed how the addition of a pendant edge to certain standard graphs affects the upper connected open monophonic number of the respective original graphs.
Weakly connected resolving sets in graphs
Authors: Sivakumar J. , Wilson Baskar A. , Sundareswaran R. , Swaminathan V.
Published: December 2023

Harary and Melter introduced the concept of resolving sets in graphs. Slater stated the term locating set and the minimum resolving set as reference sets. Chartrand mentioned the locating set as a resolving set and the minimum cardinality of a resolving set as metric dimension or simply dimension in later stage. Several types of resolving sets like connected resolving sets, independent resolving sets, acyclic resolving sets, etc. have been discussed in the past. In this work, weakly connected resolving set is introduced and we studied its bounds.
WHEN CLIMATE CHANGES, SO DOES VIOLENCE: EXAMINING THE LINK BETWEEN WEATHER AND CRIME IN PERNAMBUCO-NORTHEAST, BRAZIL
Authors: DE SOUZA SÁ ÁLVARO ROBÉRIO , DA SILVA GOMES LUZIANE
Published: December 2023

This paper examines the impact of weather shocks on crime in Pernambuco-Northeast, one of the states most affected by climate disasters in the Brazilian semi-arid region. We show that precipitation and temperature shocks in the form of droughts have a significant impact on the increase of rates of intentional lethal violent crimes (ILVC), property crimes (PC), and homicides. The effects of precipitation fluctuations in the form of droughts persist beyond the agricultural season and in the medium-term, and vary according to municipal and criminological characteristics. Moreover, adverse weather conditions (e.g., droughts) have a greater impact on income-related crimes. Consistent with this evidence, we find that the persistent response of crime rates to adverse weather conditions is driven by negative shocks to rural income, followed by a deterioration in overall economic activity, urban labor market conditions, and the government’s ability to provide public goods. The patterns we identify align with a relationship between weather and crime explained by reduced opportunity costs associated with criminal activity. Regarding policy recommendations, our findings suggest that local governments should prioritize investments in water infrastructure, agricultural irrigation, expansion of water coverage, and conservation of forested areas. These measures can contribute to climate adaptation and mitigate the economic impact of weather shocks on crime.
Progress in sintering technology of transparent polycrystalline alumina ceramics
Authors: Yin Jun , Li Xiao , Zhang Xi , Yu Shengquan , Lai Yuanming
Published: December 2023

As an important optical material, transparent polycrystalline alumina (PCA) ceramic is widely used in aerospace, high-temperature windows, medical due to its high strength, corrosion resistance, high hardness, and excellent stability at high temperatures. Since Al2O3 belongs to the crystal structure of the trigonal crystal system ([Formula: see text]), light is prone to birefringence when passing through the interior of the ceramic, and its transmittance is difficult to reach that of cubic crystal materials such as Y2O3 even under almost fully dense conditions. Using a special sintering process to decrease the sintering temperature and improve the real in-line transmittance of PCA ceramics has always been a research hotspot in related fields. In this work, a comprehensive review is made from the point of view of the sintering process based on the research status of transparent PCA ceramics in decades.
Self-organized formation of domain arrays in TGS crystal by moving SPM tip
Authors: Turygin Anton P. , Shikhova Vera A. , Kosobokov Mikhail S. , Akhmatkhanov Andrey R. , Sergeeva Olga N. , Shur Vladimir Ya.
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we studied the formation of self-organized domain arrays created by moving biased tip of scanning probe microscope (SPM) in deuterated TGS crystals. The shape of created domains depends significantly on scanning direction and applied voltage. For scanning along c axis, the domain shape drastically changed from arrays to stripe domains at 150[Formula: see text]V. Scanning perpendicular to [Formula: see text] axis led to formation of the array of the dashed domains. Increasing of the dashed domain length leads to change of domain shape from arrays of dashed domains to solid stripe domain. The obtained effect has been considered in terms of the kinetic approach as a result of formation of comb-like domain with charged domain walls in the bulk due to repetitive appearance of the domain spikes. The spontaneous backswitching under the action of the depolarization field leads to the fast growth of the tooth to the surface and results in the transformation of the domain shape. The computer simulation of the nonuniform motion of charged domain wall under the action of depolarization field has been done. The obtained results demonstrate the essential role of screening processes and pave the way for further improvement of domain engineering methods.
Investigation of DFT Calculations and Molecular Docking Studies of 4-Aminopyridine 4-Aminopyridinium Thiocyanate and Doxorubicin with 1JPW Protein
Authors: Renugadevi M. , Lalitha P. , Sinthiya A. , Asthana Nidhi , Abdullah M. M. , Albargi Hasan B.
Published: December 2023

Theoretical studies for the bioactive nature of the molecule, 4-aminopyridine 4-aminopyridinium thiocyanate, performed by density function theory (DFT) studies and molecular docking, were simulated by a molecular electrostatic potential surface. Frontier molecular orbitals, molecular properties, and density of state of the spectrum were computed. On account of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] showing their notable polarizability and number of reactivity parameters, they were calculated by DFT. The function of new scoring is to calculate the free energy change on binding in docking studies that exploit flexible ligands with macromolecular protein targets that have been evolved and tested. The protein [Formula: see text]-catenin (1JPW) was docked and compared to the standard drug molecule doxorubicin in molecular docking studies. The obtained 4-aminopyridine 4-aminopyridinium crystals revealed the results that confirmed the studied compounds have significant anti-cancer properties.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Characterization of Organic Nonlinear Optical Material Benzophenone for Spectroscopic and Optoelectronics Applications
Authors: Vasughi R. , Jothi L. , Asthana Nidhi
Published: December 2023

A novel crystal benzophenone’s nonlinear optical applications are pivotal. Benzophenone is one of the promising organic nonlinear optics materials for their high energy laser photonic application. It has already been possible to generate crystals of benzophenone in various ways. In this research, the slow evaporation method at room temperature was successful in making a single crystal of benzophenone. In this paper, synthesis, growth, characterization and applications of low melting organic nonlinear optics benzophenone crystal in order to improve their structural and physical properties are reported.

Different characterization methods were applied to the grown crystals. The lattice parameters of the grown material were obtained by single crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) study. The results of the single crystal XRD analysis showed that the produced crystals are a component of an orthorhombic system with the space group P212121 and the lattice parameters are [Formula: see text] Å, [Formula: see text] Å, [Formula: see text] Å, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] Å3. Ultraviolet-visible (UV–Vis) spectrum indicates that the crystal is transparent (72%) in the entire visible region with a cutoff wavelength of 258[Formula: see text]nm. The transparency of the grown crystals has been confirmed using the UV–Vis spectrum. The second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency of the grown crystal was measured using an Nd-YAG laser and it was found to be 1.8 greater than potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate (KDP). The FT-IR spectrum was examined in order to identify the many functional groups. The formation of the material was confirmed qualitatively by FT Raman spectral analyses. Mechanical properties such as Vicker’s microhardness number, Yield strength, Fracture toughness, Brittleness index and Elastic stiffness constant values were determined using Vicker’s microhardness test. The thermal stability of the grown crystal was studied by thermal analysis.
Synthesis of Ribociclib Using Phase Transfer Catalysis and Ecofriendly Reducing Agent: Potential Method for Industrial Practice
Authors: Udayasri Allu , Ramakrishna D. S. , Behera Priyanka , Lakshmi Praveen P. , Brahmeswararao M. V. N.
Published: December 2023

This research work reports the preparation of Ribociclib based on the green chemical principles such as third principle (less hazardous chemical synthesis), fifth principle (Safer solvents) and ninth principle catalysis of green chemistry that were planned and executed. Harmful solvent (chlorinated solvents)-free methodologies were executed. Highly abundant and ecofriendly Fe metal was employed for the reduction of –NO2 group to the corresponding –NH2. Phase transfer catalytic reactions were optimized twice in the coupling reactions by using simple carbonates in the preparation of side chain building and thereafter its coupling with Ribociclib precursor. A potential method for industrial practice has been executed here which is both eco- and economically friendly.
Team Psychological Resource as a Critical Enabler for Innovation and Knowledge Creation
Authors: Zhang Ying , Yang Zihao , Wu Chenyang , Jiang Rong , Wang Shanshan
Published: December 2023

Previous research has highlighted that psychological capital, as a constructive psychological resource, contributes to organizational behaviors, such as innovative work behavior and knowledge creation, which are inseparable yet distinct concepts. However, these positive relationships have not been consistently observed. High levels of hope, optimism and self-efficacy, which are dimensions of psychological capital, may lead to a decline in performance. Therefore, we develop a framework to investigate the joint effect of team psychological capital and localization of human resources on innovative work behavior and knowledge creation. We empirically assess this framework using questionnaires, and multi-source data from multinational enterprises in China. The results indicate that team psychological capital has a gradually slowing positive effect on innovative work behavior, while simultaneously exhibiting an inverted-U-shaped effect on knowledge creation. Moreover, we further find that the localization of human resources positively moderates the relationship between psychological capital and innovative work behavior. This study contributes to insights into the effects of team psychological capital on innovative work behavior and knowledge creation while offering managers implications on how to align their psychological resources to develop innovative activities.
Doha Metro Novel Building Automation and Control System (BACS)
Authors: Kalyvas Marios , McCracken Andrew
Published: December 2023

Transport infrastructure projects — more often than not-face program delivery delays, budget overage and performance deficiencies. One of the root causes is the belated delivery of their data acquisition and control systems that turn out to be complicated and unable to provide the intended functions. To avoid this problem in Doha Metro, Qatar Rail designed and built an innovative building automation and control system (BACS) that was tested and commissioned easily, delivered without delays and functional defects and made possible the authorized start-up of revenue operations. Engineered with one central controller, one cluster of servers, one switched optical ring and multiple sensing and actuating devices on copper rings, BACS amalgamated automation technologies and data networking techniques over one common communication platform, offering seamless plant integration, undemanding scalability and straightforward maintainability. Implemented with hardware and software redundancies and fault recovery techniques, BACS was able to achieve safety integrity level (SIL) above 2, providing fire-life-safety (FLS) and mission critical functions. Hence, BACS was qualified by the Authority Having Jurisdiction, the Qatar Civil Defence Department of the Ministry of Interior, to initiate the required by the fire code effects in the detected by the fire alarm system causes (cause and effect functionality), in addition to the supply of daily control and supervision services with real-time automatic responses in Doha Metro.
Cooperative Decision-Making for Multiple UAVs Autonomous Confrontation
Authors: Wang Han , Liang Xiaolong , Zhang Jiaqiang , Yang Aiwu , Hou Yueqi , Wang Ning , Zheng Aoyu
Published: December 2023

This paper presents a rule-based framework for addressing decision-making problems within the context of the “UI-STRIVE” Competition. First, two distinct autonomous confrontation scenarios are described: autonomous air combat and cooperative interception. Second, a State-Event-Condition-Action (SECA) decision-making framework is developed, which integrates the finite state machine and event-condition-action frameworks. This framework provides three products to describe rules, i.e. the SECA model, the SECA state chart, and the SECA rule description. Third, the situation assessment and target assignment during autonomous air combat are investigated, and the mathematical models are established. Finally, the decision-making model’s rationality and feasibility are verified through data simulation and analysis.
LINKING CONSUMER BEHAVIOR AND DEMAND FOR HALAL LOGISTICS — EVIDENCE FROM BRUNEI DARUSSALAM
Authors: MORNEH MUHAMMAD ZUL’ADLI , SYAZWAN AB TALIB MOHAMED , IBRAHIM FAHMI , MAHALLE NORLIZA HAJI
Published: December 2023

This study aims to investigate elements associated with consumer behavior towards the demand for halal logistics, namely concern about halal (COHA), knowledge of halal (KNHA), awareness of halal logistics (AWHL), and perceptions of halal logistics (PEHL). This research applied a quantitative methodology that gathered primary data from Muslim consumers residing in Brunei Darussalam. Data were collected using an online self-administrated survey questionnaire, and regression and correlation analyses were tested to investigate the proposed hypotheses. The result demonstrates that COHA, KNHA, AWHL, and PEHL constructs significantly influence demand for halal logistics (DEHL). All four elements show a medium to strong positive correlation with the dependent variable, inferring that the independent variables and the DEHL construct are closely related or associated — suggesting that an increase in the independent variables will increase DEHL and vice versa. This research does not fully represent the general consumers in Brunei markets as this research solely focuses on Muslims. Future research on non-Muslim consumers might be an option to give a bigger picture of the need for halal logistics in Brunei Darussalam. This study is beneficial to relevant stakeholders such as halal businesses, logistics service providers (LSP), policymakers, and consumers to reconsider the extent of halal logistics in not only safeguarding halal integrity across the logistics chain but also its significance in shaping continuous and viable demands in the pursuit of competitive advantage. This paper is among the first attempts to investigate Muslim consumer demand for halal logistics in Brunei, considering that past research focused heavily on Malaysian and Indonesian markets. This paper could contribute to future theoretical and empirical studies and suggest practical initiatives towards relevant stakeholders.
Directed Test Generation for Hardware Validation: A Survey
Authors: Jayasena Aruna , Mishra Prabhat
Published: December 2023

The complexity of hardware designs has increased over the years due to the rapid advancement of technology coupled with the need to support diverse and complex features. The increasing design complexity directly translates to difficulty in verifying functional behaviors as well as non-functional requirements. Simulation is the most widely used form of validation using both random and constrained-random test patterns. The random nature of test sequences can cover a vast majority of scenarios, however, it can introduce unacceptable overhead to cover all possible functional and non-functional scenarios. Directed tests are promising to cover the remaining corner cases and hard-to-detect scenarios. Manual development of directed tests can be time-consuming and error-prone. A promising avenue is to perform automated generation of directed tests. In this article, we provide a comprehensive survey of directed test generation techniques for hardware validation. Specifically, we first introduce the complexity of hardware verification to highlight the need for directed test generation. Next, we describe directed test generation using various automated techniques, including formal methods, concolic testing, and machine learning. Finally, we discuss how to effectively utilize the generated test patterns in different validation scenarios, including pre-silicon functional validation, post-silicon debug, as well as validation of non-functional requirements.
Maximum Power Extraction in Photovoltaic Systems Using High-Performance Adaptive Control Approach
Authors: Ouaret Ahmed , Lehouche Hocine , Oubelaid Adel , Yadav Arvind , Mendil Boubekeur , Zaitsev Ievgen
Published: December 2023

The nonlinearities present in photovoltaic (PV) generator models can significantly impact the performance of PV systems, leading to decreased system efficiency and reduced profitability. This paper is aimed at addressing these challenges by developing a novel control algorithm based on a high-performance adaptive control method for photovoltaic systems. The proposed algorithm is designed to effectively track set points and optimize power extraction even in the presence of disturbances. The key contribution of this work lies in the application of this control strategy specifically to PV systems to achieve optimal performance. When compared to traditional control methods, the proposed approach demonstrates significant improvements, notably in terms of power extraction efficiency and system loss reduction. Moreover, the control algorithm effectively ensures accurate tracking of set points. These outcomes underscore the notable performance enhancements facilitated by the proposed algorithm. In conclusion, the developed control algorithm offers superior performance in optimizing power extraction and maintaining precise set point tracking for PV systems, leading to improved system efficiency and increased profitability.
Direct Application of Coffee Pulp Vermicompost Produced from Epigeic Earthworms and Its Residual Effect on Vegetative and Reproductive Growth of Hot Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: Zergaw Yohannes , Kebede Temesgen , Berhe Dargie Tsegay
Published: December 2023

In areas where coffee is growing, there is a huge potential to get coffee pulp, which produces a bad odor and air and water pollution. On the other hand, the farming practice in the study area is still traditional and highly dependent on artificial fertilizers. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the direct and residual effects of vermicompost on the vegetative and reproductive growth of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Factorial research was conducted in a randomized complete block design, where coffee pulp, animal waste, and Eisenia fetida and Dendrobaena veneta earthworms were used to produce coffee pulp vermicompost. The first factor was three types of vermicompost: coffee pulp Eisenia fetida vermicompost (CEV), coffee pulp Dendrobaena veneta vermicompost (CDV), and a combination of coffee pulp Eisenia fetida and Dendrobaena veneta vermicompost (CEV_CDV), and the second factor was three application rates (5 t/ha, 10 t/ha, and 15 t/ha) and a control treatment with three replications. Reproductive and vegetative growth parameters (number of leaves, number of fruits, single fruit length, total biomass weight, days to 50% flowering, and yield per hectare) were collected in two consecutive cropping seasons. The collected data were analyzed using R Statistical software. The results recorded in the direct application of 15 t/ha CEV were profoundly higher (

P

 < 0.05), followed by the combined effects of both worms with an application rate of 15 t/ha. Generally, the three-way interaction effect of a media type, the application effect, and the application rate interaction effect were highly significant (

P

 < 0.05) for the number of leaves per plant, the number of fruits per plant, and yield per hectare. The media type and the application rate interaction effect showed a significant (

P

 < 0.05) difference in days to 50% flowering, fruit length, and fresh biomass weight. Likewise, the combined effect of the media type and application was statistically (

P

 < 0.01) different in biomass weight and fruit length. In addition to reducing water and air pollution, utilizing coffee pulp vermicompost enhances soil fertility and hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) productivity.
CMAIS-WOA: An Improved WOA with Chaotic Mapping and Adaptive Iterative Strategy
Authors: Hsieh Chao-Hsien , Zhang Qing , Xu Ya , Wang Ziyi
Published: December 2023

This paper proposes an improved whale optimization algorithm with chaotic mapping and adaptive iteration strategy (CMAIS-WOA). This algorithm addresses the issues of the WOA algorithm that is prone to local optimal solutions with low stability. CMAIS-WOA utilizes chaotic mapping to enhance the diversity and coverage of the initial population. Also, it adaptively adjusts the weight values based on the current distribution of whale populations and the fitness of search agents. In addition, CMAIS-WOA uses an improved nonlinear convergence factor to adjust the breadth-first and depth-first search during the optimization process. The performance of the proposed CMAIS-WOA is evaluated by using 13 classical benchmark functions and IEEE CEC2014 test suite. The experimental results show that CMAIS-WOA effectively improves the stability of the optimal solution and helps the algorithm to approach the global optimal solution. The method proposed in this paper contributes to the field of optimization which solves problems more powerfully and efficiently.
Consumo responsável, para quem? Um ensaio sobre o fomento da desigualdade de gênero no pós-pandemia
Authors: Pereira Matheus Ribeiro , Aguiar Bruna Soares de
Published: December 2023

Na atualidade, pode-se dizer que a pandemia da covid-19 impactou diretamente a relação entre as pessoas, de modo que não apenas o setor da saúde teve que modificar sua forma de agir, mas também outros espaços como cultura, educação e economia. Diversos estudos comprovam que o período de isolamento social alterou o comportamento dos consumidores. Entende-se, nesta pesquisa, que os consumidores passaram por uma transição entre o consumo compulsivo e o retorno ao “novo normal”, que contribuiu para o crescimento de uma cultura do consumo responsável. Todavia, esse processo também revelou articulações prejudiciais desse modelo de consumo, no sentido de não haver rompido com uma lógica de desigualdade de gênero existente no momento anterior à pandemia.
Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory Management of the Comatose Adult Patient With an Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Authors: Tamis-Holland Jacqueline E. , Menon Venu , Johnson Nicholas J. , Kern Karl B. , Lemor Alejandro , Mason Peter J. , Rodgers Mary , Serrao Gregory W. , Yannopoulos Demetris ,   on behalf of the Interventional Cardiovascular Care Committee and the Acute Cardiac Care and General Cardiology Committee of the Council on Clinical Cardiology; Council on Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology; and Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing
Published: December 2023

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is a leading cause of death, accounting for ≈50% of all cardiovascular deaths. The prognosis of such individuals is poor, with <10% surviving to hospital discharge. Survival with a favorable neurologic outcome is highest among individuals who present with a witnessed shockable rhythm, received bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation, achieve return of spontaneous circulation within 15 minutes of arrest, and have evidence of ST-segment elevation on initial ECG after return of spontaneous circulation. The cardiac catheterization laboratory plays an important role in the coordinated Chain of Survival for patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. The catheterization laboratory can be used to provide diagnostic, therapeutic, and resuscitative support after sudden cardiac arrest from many different cardiac causes, but it has a unique importance in the treatment of cardiac arrest resulting from underlying coronary artery disease. Over the past few years, numerous trials have clarified the role of the cardiac catheterization laboratory in the management of resuscitated patients or those with ongoing cardiac arrest. This scientific statement provides an update on the contemporary approach to managing resuscitated patients or those with ongoing cardiac arrest.
Abstract 105: Rural-Urban Differences for Integrated First Responder and Drone Automated External Defibrillator Delivery in North Carolina
Authors: Chu Jamal , Leung Benjamin , Blewer Audrey L , Krychtiuk Konstantin , Nelson Darrell , Powell Stephen , McNally Bryan F , Granger Christopher B , Ornato Joseph P , Mark Daniel B , Chan Timothy , Starks Monique A
Published: December 2023

Background:
Early defibrillation for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) can improve survival significantly, but timely access to AEDs remains a barrier especially in rural areas. We analyzed whether differences exist between urban and rural areas for a proposed program of first responder (FR) and drone AED delivery in North Carolina.

Methods:
Using CARES registry data, we identified OHCAs in 48 counties between Jan. 2013-Dec. 2019. We applied a hypothetical intervention in which 1) all FRs were provided AEDs and 2) a network of AED-carrying drones was optimized within each county to maximize <5-minute response times (defined as the interval from 9-1-1 call receipt to arrival of an AED via EMS, FR, or drone). Within each county, we classified census tracts by rural population with <25% as urban, 25-75% as mixed, and >75% as rural. We included only counties with ≥10 OHCAs per year in both rural and urban census tracts to compare resource allocation for counties with large geographic variation. Historical and intervention response times stratified by rurality were compared via the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.

Results:
We included 19 counties and 8,955 OHCAs (5,754 urban, 3,201 rural). The historical median response time was 6.9 mins [IQR: 5.1-8.7] in urban census tracts and 9.4 mins [IQR: 7.0-12.1] in rural tracts. The FR + drone intervention reduced estimated median response times by 42% to 4.0 mins [IQR: 3.1-5.0] in urban areas and by 24% to 7.1 mins [IQR: 5.2-9.4] in rural areas. Five-minute coverage improved from 24% to 77% for urban areas and 10% to 23% for rural areas. All counties showed significant improvement in response time for both urban and rural populations (p<0.01).

Conclusion:
Deployment of AEDs by FR and drones optimized for 5-minute coverage was estimated to improve AED response more so in urban areas than rural areas. Other optimization parameters are needed to reduce inequality between urban and rural response times in areas with large geographic variation.
Abstract 106: Assessing Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Management With a New Automated External Defibrillator Algorithm: A Prospective Before-After Study on Ventricular Fibrillation Detection During Chest Compressions With a Shortened CPR Cycle
Authors: Jost Daniel , Derkenne Clément , Hong Tuan Ha Vivien , Frattini Benoit , MENETRE Sarah , Didon Jean Philippe , BEGANTON Frankie , Lemoine Sabine , Bougouin Wulfran , Lemoine Frederic , Marijon Eloi , Jouven Xavier , Travers Stephane
Published: December 2023

Introduction:
During out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA), AEDs analyze cardiac rhythm every 2 minutes with chest compressions (CC) having to be interrupted. Since 2021, the Paris Fire Brigade has used AEDs equipped with an "Analysis While Compressing" (AWC) module that enables an external electric shock (EES) to be delivered every minute if required. This new algorithm aligns AED analysis timing with potential VF recurrence but results in redistribution between CC time and analysis periods. We aimed to assess the CC fraction (CCF) in OHCA patients who received AWC and compared it with the CCF in 2017 patients who received a standard (STD) algorithm.

Method:
In this observational, prospective before-after study, we included adult non-traumatic OHCA patients with initial Ventricular Fibrillation (iVF) rescued by firefighters. Their AEDs provided STD algorithm in 2017 and AWC algorithm in 2022. All AED parameters were measured within 10 minutes of the initial shock. Primary outcome was the CCF, a criterion sensitive to algorithm modifications. Secondary outcomes were pre and post-shock pauses, and the percentage of time the cardiac rhythm was organized. We matched patients from both periods on four key covariates (sex, age, location, bystander status) using propensity score matching. The estimator for continuous variables was the median [interquartile range].

Results:
We included 285 consecutive patients in each period. Most were men, 74% (212/285) in 2017 and 81% (231/285) in 2022; median ages were 58 [49-69] and 60 [51-72] years. After propensity score matching, CCF improved significantly with the AWC algorithm (77% [72%-80%]) vs. the STD algorithm (72% [67%-76%], p<0.01). Pre and post-shock pauses decreased from 19 [17-23] and 4.5 [3-6] to 11[9-16] and 3.8 [2-5] sec. in 2017 and 2022, respectively (p < 0.01). Delay from VF recurrence to the next shock decreased from 124 [92-135] sec. in 2017 to 60 [37-71] sec. in 2022 (p< 0.01). The time spent in an organized rhythm during the first ten min. of AED connection increased from 7 % [0-46] in 2017 to 14% [0-58] in 2022 (p< 0.01).

Conclusion:
AWC improved hands-on times, CCF, and time ratio spent in cardiac organized rhythm. Further analyses are underway to measure its impact on survival at hospital discharge.
Abstract 11546: Functional Co-Clustering of Physical Activity Patterns Among Sexual and Gender Minority Adults
Authors: Lopez Veneros David , Caceres Billy A , Jackman Kasey , Belloir Joseph , Sharma Yashika , Ensari Ipek
Published: December 2023

Introduction:
Physical activity (PA) is a important modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CVD mortality. There is growing evidence that sexual and gender minority (SGM; lesbian/gay, bisexual, transgender) adults are at higher risk of insufficient PA and CVD. Accelerometers allow for collection of granular PA data that can identify individual- and temporal heterogeneity in daily patterns. To date, no studies have investigated accelerometry-based PA patterns among SGM adults.

Goal:
To characterize daily PA trajectories among SGM adults and identify distinct phenotypes using a time series-based clustering technique.

Methods:
We recruited an online sample of healthy SGM adults in the United States who completed continuous wrist-worn accelerometry for 30 days to collect step counts. For clustering, we used a functional latent block models (FLBMs), where each 24-hour period was a Fourier-smoothed data curve. FLBMs allow hierarchical time-series data clustering by simultaneously clustering person- and day-level data. The optimal number of clusters was selected using the integrated completed likelihood (ICL) criterion.

Results:
Forty-two SGM adults with a mean age of 27.0 years (+/- 7.7) provided 1207 person-level days of accelerometry (range=6-31 days/person). A final model with 4 blocks (2 x 2 clusters) provided the best fit (ICL= -70086.4). Two person-level clusters were identified, which were characterized by differences in the amount and distribution of steps throughout the day were identified. Cluster 1 (n=26) had higher overall steps counts with significant morning and evening increases in step counts. Cluster 2 (n=16) had fewer steps that were within a narrower time period. We further identified 2 day-level clusters. Cluster 2 (n=14) had a wider temporal distribution of step counts and a higher variance on weekend days vs. weekdays relative to Cluster 1 (n=17).

Conclusions:
This is the first study to elucidate daily PA trajectories in SGM people. Using FLBM, we accounted for individual heterogeneity and relations among days. Findings can help identify individuals at increased risk of physical inactivity and subsequent negative health outcomes, providing important knowledge to inform behavioral interventions.
Abstract 11749: Identifying Infants With Long QT Syndrome Type 1: Looking Beyond the QTc
Authors: Przybylski Robert , Hylind Robyn , Noon Jennifer , Dewitt Elizabeth S , Bezzerides Vassilios J , Abrams Dominic J , Ashouri Judy
Published: December 2023

Background:
Abnormal repolarization in long QT syndrome type 1 (LQT1) is characterized by QT prolongation and abnormal T-waves. In the absence of familial disease, LQT1 is easily missed in infants as the QTc is often normal, exposing children to life-threatening arrhythmia.

Hypothesis:
T-wave morphology metrics are superior to QTc for diagnosis of LQT1.

Aim:
Compare quantifiable aspects of T-wave morphology and QTc to differentiate infants with and without LQT1.

Methods:
Infants aged 0.5-6 months with a pathogenic/likely pathogenic
KCNQ1
variant were compared to age/sex-matched controls in a 1:2 ratio. Measurements were made in leads II/V5. T-wave morphology was assessed by J-point to T-wave peak (J-Tp) and Tp to T-wave end (Tp-Te). Bazett’s formula was used to correct for heart rate and Te defined using the tangent method.

Results:
We identified 34 LQT1 infants and 68 controls. The median (IQR) QTc was 457 (430-476) ms for LQT1 cases and 402 (392-420) ms for controls (p<0.001). The 98%tile QTc for controls was 448 ms and 13/34 (38%) LQT1 cases were below this value.

In lead II, LQT1 cases had a significantly longer rate corrected J-Tp compared to controls, 294 (272-312) ms v. 222 (211-234) ms (p <0.001) and shorter Tp-Te, 71 (60-80) ms v. 85 (75-95) ms (p<0.001). The J-Tp/Tp-Te ratio was 0.25 in LQT1 cases and 0.39 in controls (p<0.001). Findings were similar in V5.

V5 rate corrected J-Tp best discriminated between LQT1 cases and controls (ROC AUC 0.99, optimal cut point ≥256ms) and outperformed QTc (AUC 0.92). This remained true in those with QTc <98%tile (AUC 0.98).

Measurements in a subset of 30 infants made by 3 ECG readers showed superior reliability for J-Tp in leads II and V5 (ICC coefficient 0.92) compared to QTc (0.88).

Conclusions:
Nearly 40% of infants with LQT1 have a normal a QTc, yet a significantly abnormal and quantifiable T-wave morphology. J-Tp and Tp-Te are reliable and reproducible measurements and should be included in the assessment of potential infantile LQT1.
Abstract 11813: Ten-year Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Predicts Long-Term Mortality in Lipid-Lowering Therapy
Authors: Ma Zhiyuan , Moran Lynn N , Shirani Jamshid
Published: December 2023

Background:
The 10-year risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) can be effectively estimated by the ASCVD Risk Score derived from the pooled cohort equations. Current guidelines, thus, recommend primary prevention statin therapy based on ASCVD Risk Score while assessing effectiveness of statin therapy by targeting low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. It is unclear whether ASCVD Risk Score can also predict impact of statin therapy on mortality.

Methods:
A retrospective analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (III and 1999-2008) linked to the National Death Index was conducted with propensity score matching. The study included 6647 adults without lipid-lowering therapy and 2484 with lipid-lowering therapy. Follow up was truncated at 10 years. Cox regression models and C statistics were used to assess the association between ASCVD Risk Score and mortality.

Results:
In the matched cohort with 4802 individuals with similar ASCVD risk profiles, ASCVD Risk Score was comparably predictive of all-cause mortality in the lipid-lowering therapy [area under curve (AUC)=0.75 ;95% confidence interval (CI)=0.73-0.77) and non-therapy (AUC=0.74; 95% CI=0.71-0.77) groups (
p
=0.5). Similarly, the ASCVD Risk Score was comparably predictive of cardiovascular mortality in both groups (AUC=0.75; 95% CI=0.70-0.79 versus AUC=0.77; 95% CI=0.73-0.80;
p
=0.5). Lipid-lowering therapy was significantly associated with reduced all-cause mortality [adjusted hazard ratio (HR)=0.70; 95% CI=0.61-0.82;
p
<0.01) and cardiovascular mortality (adjusted HR=0.65; 95% CI=0.51-0.83;
p
< 0.01), particularly in those with an ASCVD Risk Score of ≥7.5%.

Conclusions:
ASCVD Risk Score comparably predicts mortality in individuals with and without lipid-lowering therapy. Individuals on lipid-lowering therapy had lower all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, compared to those without lipid-lowering therapy despite similar ASCVD Scores at baseline. These findings suggest that statin therapy may predictably reduce mortality in patients initiated on lipid lowering therapy for primary prevention based on the ASCVD Risk Score.