bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of Open Access Publications and Lecturers Research Productivity in Polytechnics in South-South Nigeria
Authors: Akpojotor Lucky O. , Ekuerhare Okeraghogho
Published: June 2024

The rationale behind this study is to find out the availability of materials that are in open access, and to see if the available open access  publications enough to enhance lecturers’ productivity in polytechnics in South-South, Nigeria. In accomplishing this, three research  questions and one hypothesis guided the study. A sample of 291 lecturers was propositionally drawn from the population of 1,140  lecturers in South-South, Nigeria. Frequency counts was used to analyze the respondents’ bio data and research questions 1-4, while the  inferential statistics that was used for the testing of research hypothesis is Pearson Product moment correlation coefficient. From the  data collected lecturers make very high use of electronic journals, library print journals, PDFs, and Wiki articles. The result of the analyzed  data shows that open access resources improves lecturers’ productivity in lecturing, online publishing, offline publishing, publishing  locally, publishing internationally, and publishing scholarly research papers (peer reviewed). Also, it shows that the lecturers have a very  high skill in Internet surfing, word processing packages, use of electronic databases, Windows interface, search engines use, browsers  use, downloading, uploading, and PDF resources. However, they lacked skill in use of Spreadsheet packages thus posing a challenge to  their data analysis skills. Among other, it shows that the benefits accruing from lecturers’ productivity includes: impartation of knowledge  on students, impartation of knowledge on researchers, contribution to existing knowledge, updating knowledge, increasing  the academic standard of institutions, creation of new knowledge, provision of research materials, provision of research papers in open  access databases, improvement of students’ reading culture, and filling gaps in knowledge. Moreover, study reveals that network  problems, poor electricity supply constitute technological hindrances to lecturers’ access to open access resources. Furthermore, findings  revealed that there is no significant relationship between the use of Open Access (OA) publications and lecturers’ productivity in  polytechnics in SouthSouth, Nigeria. The findings further conclude that there is a significant relationship between lecturers’ levels of  ICTs skills for use of open access (OA) and their productivity in polytechnics in South-South, Nigeria.
Histological Assessment of Placental Development Following Maternal Administration of Monosodium Glutamate in Wistar Rats
Authors: Ishan G. , Ezeuko V. C.
Published: June 2024

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a food additive commonly consumed as a flavor enhancer. It has been a target of research due to toxicological effects. The aim of this study is to histologically assess the effect of maternal administration of monosodium glutamate on placental development in Wistar rat using appropriate standard methods after establishing pregnancy in animals with regular cyclicity by pairing them overnight with sexually active males in the ratio 2:1 and placentae harvested for histological studies. Histological studies of the placenta when treated with MSG showed there was varying alterations in the histomorphology of the placental ranging from degenerative changes in glycogen cell island in junctional zone of (gestational day )GD 15, mild congestion of sinusoid in labyrinth zone of GD 17, dilated and congested fetal capillary of labyrinth zone in GD 19, vacuolar degeneration of glycogen cell island in junctional zone of GD 17, dilated and congested spiral artery in junctional zone of GD19, dilated sinusoid in labyrinth zone of GD 19. In conclusion, this study shows that there is evidence of placental toxicity following maternal consumption of monosodium glutamate in Wistar rats. Further studies are recommended to assess the mechanism of MSG-induced placental toxicity, as well the effects of MSG-induced placental toxicity on the overall development of the fetus.
Application of K-Nearest Neighbours and Long-Short-Term Memory Models using Hidden Markov Model to Predict Inflation Rate and Transition Patterns in Nigeria
Authors: Nkemnole E. B. , Wulu J. T. , Osubu I.
Published: June 2024

It fluctuates in most countries in the world regardless of whether the countries are been developed, developing or underdeveloped. The widespread effects of inflation have a significant impact on most countries including Nigeria because it is a global phenomenon influenced by variety of factors such as economic growth and monetary policy. This paper proposes the application of K-Nearest Neighbours (KNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) models using Hidden Markov Model (HMM) to predict the inflation rate and its transition patterns in Nigeria with Secondary data collected from National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) official website. Empirical analysis revealed that GDP per capita show a significant influence in inflation rate and contributes to inflation forecasting in Nigeria.
Molecular characterization of methanol extract of Artemisia annua leaf and its antifungal activity on clinical isolates of Candida albicans
Authors: Ngwu Maria I. , Emencheta Stephen C. , Agbo Chinazom P. , Ngwu Godwin I. , Agbo Martina C. , Okorie Chibundo N. , Odimegwu Damian C. , Eze Frankline C. , Attama Anthony A. , Ibezim Emmanuel C.
Published: June 2024

Purpose: To molecularly characterize and determine the antifungal properties of methanol-leaf extract of Artemisia annua (A. annua) on   C. albicans isolates collected from three tertiary hospitals within Enugu State, Nigeria.
Methods: Five hundred (500) isolates of Candida albicans were collected from medical microbiology laboratories in Bishop Shanahan  Hospital (BSH), University of Nigerian Teaching Hospital (UNTH), and Enugu State University Teaching Hospital (ESUTH). Anti-fungal  sensitivity profiles of different azoles were determined using the disk diffusion technique. Thirty of the collected isolates were evaluated  using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) which targeted both 18S messenger RNA (rRNA) and Ergosterol II (ERGII) resistance gene sets  for C. albicans. Anti-fungal activity of different concentrations (25, 50, 100, 200, 400, and 800 µg/mL) of the extract of Artemisia annua on  resistant isolates was investigated using the agar well diffusion technique.
Results: All the isolates were resistant to azole drugs  (ketoconazole (30 µg), miconazole (30 µg), clotrimazole (10 µg), itraconazole (30 µg), voriconazole (1 µg), and fluconazole (25 µg)). The  PCR revealed that thirteen isolates (43 %) were positive for 18S rRNA gene and nine (30 %) possessed ERGII-resistant gene. Primers  specific for C. albicans genotypes generated a PCR product of approximately 665 bp. Primers specific for ERGII resistant gene generated  PCR product of approximately 1.4 kb. Extract of A. annua had antifungal activity against resistant C. albicans isolates with minimum  inhibitory concentration ranging from 76.03 to 40.74 µg/mL.
Conclusion: Resistant C. albicans species have been genotypically  characterized and the antifungal activity of A. annua has been reported. Methanol extract of A. annua inhibits C. albicans better than azole drugs.
Disrupting Downtime: Different Deep Learning Journeys into Predictive Maintenance Anomaly Detection
Authors: Tanyıldız Hayriye , Batur Şahin Canan , Batur  Dinler Özlem
Published: June 2024

This article discusses the innovative application of artificial intelligence (AI) to develop a predictive model that aims to evaluate the condition of the machine by focusing on the probability of failure. The research uses a synthetic dataset prepared to simulate real-world situations where machines are equipped with sensors that monitor various health indicators and record the occurrence of faults. This data set consists of 10,000 inputs, each containing five numerical measurements: air temperature, process temperature, rotation speed, torque, and machine wear, in addition to the type of product produced, for a total of six input variables. The output of the model is the fault state of the machine, displayed as true or false.
A hybrid artificial neural network integrating a GRU (Gated Recurrent Unit)-based model with the Transformer Encoder block was used for prediction. This combination highlights the superior predictive capabilities of the model. This approach represents a shift from traditional maintenance programs, which are often time-based and often result in unnecessary resource use, to a more efficient, condition-based maintenance strategy. This new strategy aims to ensure that maintenance activities are carried out only when necessary, thus optimizing resource use and minimizing downtime.
LASER V LÉČBĚ TINNITU V SOUČASNÉ FYZIOTERAPII – RANDOMIZOVANÁ PILOTNÍ STUDIE
Authors: Malá Jitka
Published: June 2024

Úvod: Článek pojednává o tříměsíční aplikaci nízko i vysokovýkonného laseru za účelem léčby tinnnitu, jakožto civilizační choroby. Jedná se o pilotní studii, zaměřenou na zjištění efektivity možné léčby tinnitu v rámci fyzioterapeutických postupů.
Metodologie: Design studie se opírá o experimentální longitudinální prospektivní pilotní studii s cílem ověřit účinnost nízko a vysokovýkonné laserterapie u pacientů trpících somatosenzorickým typem tinnitu. Dvě skupiny probandů (á 9) byly podrobeny vyšetření neurologem, ORL lékařem, fyzioterapeutem a dále byly testovány pomocí dotazníku TSCHQ a THI. Z dotazníkového šetření byla sledována především kvalita života, kvalita sluchu, vnímání hlasitosti tinnitu, úzkost z tinnitu. Po dobu 3 měsíců byl všem probandům aplikován laser, jedné skupině HILT, druhé LPL, a to v jasně popsaných polohách a parametrech použitých přístrojů. Studie byla sepsána v souladu s checklisem CONSORT.
Výsledky: Porovnání průměrných hodnot dotazníkových šetření pomocí THI i TSCHQ dotazníků před a po intervenci poukazují na pozitivní efekt léčby tinnitu jak pomocí HILT, tak LPL, i přes značnou limitaci práce, kterou je nízký počet probandů.
Závěr: Te-rapeutický přínos HILT i LPL je patrný, avšak spíše hodnotitelný jako terapeutický trend. Statistická analýza poukazuje na pozitivní vliv LPL na zlepšení sluchu a na snížení subjektivně vnímané hlasitosti tinnitu při použití HILT. LPL vliv na snížení vnímané hlasitosti tinnitu neprokázal.
AGGRESSIVE PATIENT IN HEALTHCARE FACILITY – EXPERIENCE OF A SELECTED SAMPLE OF NURSES IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC: DESCRIPTIVE, CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Václavíková Klára , Kopecký Michal , Marková Iva , Hrubá Andrea , Evchev Ilanit
Published: June 2024

Aim: To identify and describe the experience of a selected sample of nurses with aggressive behaviour by patients and their family members. To describe what nurses rate as the most common causes of aggression and what strategies nurses most commonly use to manage it. To determine whether there is a statistically significant association between the incidence of aggressive behaviour and length of practice in the selected sample of nurses.
Methods: This study included a group of nurses from a selected healthcare facility, totalling 67 nurses. A self-constructed questionnaire was used. The data were processed in STATISTICA 12 software using descriptive statistics and Spearman's correlation coefficient. This study complied with the EQUATOR (STROBE) checklist.
Results: More than 70% of the nurses in our study had experienced aggressive behaviour by a patient. Nurses are most often exposed to verbal aggression, especially swearing and insults. Less frequently, they encounter physical assault. Most often, it is the patients who are aggressive; patients’ families or visitors are rarely aggressive. To manage aggressive behaviour, nurses most often use calm, assertive communication. In the selected sample of nurses, there was no significant association between the incidence of aggressive behaviour and length of nursing experience.
Conclusions: Our results show that most of the nurses in the selected sample have negative experiences with aggressive behaviour. Knowledge of assertive communication can significantly contribute to minimising conflicts associated with aggressive behaviours in patients. The research conducted may serve as a basis for further research.
Letter from the Editors: Nairobi and Our Second 2024 Issue
Authors: Newburry William , Rose Elizabeth L.
Published: June 2024

This second AIB Insights issue of 2024 contains four articles that address diverse topics: opportunities and challenges for emerging markets based on the case of Bangladesh, using domestic cultural communities to design a multicultural marketing strategy, the emerging metaverse and its implications for international business, and changing international R&D investments of US multinationals. We also briefly review our recent, first-ever stand-alone paper development workshop, held in Nairobi, Kenya.
BUDGET PLANNING AS A PUBLIC FUNCTION
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Serbia, Lapčević Milivoje
Published: June 2024

Planning public needs, their financial evaluation as well as determining the source of their financial coverage, is also in modern countries the basic preoccupation of public managers. In this sense, the importance of public budgets, as financial and planning documents that summarize the intentions of public policy makers, has remained strongly emphasized to this day. With various changes in the sphere of budget technicalism, the narrow financial- political viewpoints regarding the purpose that budget acts should serve have also been broadened to some extent. In this paper, the author deals with the issue of the meaning of the budget document, but also the process of budget planning in modern financial systems, taking into account the multidimensional character of the analyzed phenomenon
PARLIAMENT AT THE SERVICE OF CITIZENS? CHALLENGES OF THE REPRESENTATIVE FUNCTION OF THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY OF THE REPUBLIC OF SERBI
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Serbia, Kovačević Anika
Published: June 2024

The representative function ensures the unity of action of the parliament - as the central institution of democracy and the elected body that represents all the structures of society that has the unique responsibility to harmonize all conflicting interests and expectations of different groups and communities through democratic dialogue and compromise. Along with the legal definition of the representative function, the analysis and review of the constitutional and legal regulations as well as different theoretical viewpoints and understandings about the nature of the parliamentary mandate, an element of the electoral process, the subject of the author's analysis is the necessity of creating and fostering a constitutional and political culture that implies supplementing legal and political responsibilities, interested and informed voters, the existence of trust between citizens and representatives, and raising awareness of the responsibility of both voters and representatives.
ON THE LEGITIMACY OF PRESCRIBING OFFENSES FOR A VIOLATION OF THE LAW DUE TO UNPAID SERVICES UNDER THE LAW OF REPUBLIC OF SERBIA
Authors:   Faculty of Health and Business Studies Valjevo, Singidunum University of Belgrade, Marković Velisav
Published: June 2024

In the law of Serbia, but also in the law of the former Yugoslav republics, non- payment of a ticket in public transportation is prescribed as a violation. Considering that non-payment of a ticket in public transportation is a debt from a civil law point of view, the question arises as to whether it is possible to claim a non-payment of such a debt should be treated as a violation and whether it is legitimate. In the paper, the author presents the normative regulation of public transportation services provided to passengers and the consequences of non-payment in Serbia and comparative law and considers the legitimacy of prescribing offenses for that kind of violation. The author concludes that in the specific case (non-payment of the public transportation ticket) we can only talk about contractual liability. The contract of transportation is not regulated by public law regulations (does not belong to public order) but to civil law regulations, which is why he believes that it is unacceptable to prescribe a fine for a violation due to non-payment of public transportation ticket
VICTIMS AND WITNESSES ASSISTANCE SERVICES BEFORE THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Serbia, Ranđelović Višnja
Published: June 2024

The commission of a large number of international crimes during armed conflicts entails mass victimization, and therefore a large number of victims and witnesses who participate in proceedings before international criminal courts. The great traumatic experience of these victims and witnesses, the fact that they have to testify in front of a court that is relocated in relation to the country of residence, as well as the fear of appearing before the court and possibly meeting the defendant, requires that the victims and witnesses who participate in the proceedings before the international criminal courts are provided with comprehensive protection, assistance and support. In this sense, special units for victims and witnesses have been established, which within the framework of international criminal courts provide victims and witnesses with a variety of services aimed at ensuring their protection, assistance and support. The paper specifically examines the normative arrangement of the Victims and Witnesses Unit within the International Criminal Court, as well as the practical implementation of the services that this Unit provides to victims and witnesses, starting with preparing their arrival at the seat of the Court, through the testimony itself, to ensuring their safe return to the country residence.
Pengaruh Corporate Social Responsibility Employer Attractiveness Terhadap Job Pursuit Intention yang Dimediasi oleh Corporate Reputation Pada Generasi Z
Authors: Selvia Rahmadianti Islanova , Emilisa Netania , Mahdiansyah Falah Rafi
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) dan Employer Attractiveness terhadap Job Pursuit Intention (JPI) yang dimediasi oleh Corporate Reputation pada Generasi Z di Jakarta. Penelitian ini berfokus pada perusahaan Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) yang sering kali memiliki profil perusahaan yang terkenal dan kompetitif dalam menarik serta mempertahankan talenta terbaik. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dan dianalisis menggunakan Structural Equation Model (SEM) dengan perangkat lunak AMOS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa CSR dan Employer Attractiveness memiliki pengaruh positif signifikan terhadap JPI, baik secara langsung maupun melalui Corporate Reputation. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya praktik CSR dan strategi Employer Attractiveness dalam menarik minat Generasi Z untuk melamar pekerjaan. Selain itu, Corporate Reputation terbukti sebagai mediator yang kuat dalam hubungan antara CSR dan JPI serta Employer Attractiveness dan JPI. Studi ini memberikan wawasan bagi perusahaan FMCG dalam mengembangkan strategi rekrutmen yang efektif untuk menarik generasi muda.
Analyzing the Policy Landscape for Supporting the Clean Energy Transition in Small and Medium Enterprises in India
Authors: Gowthami T.S. , - Kajol , Tagotra Niharika
Published: June 2024

In India, the micro, small, and medium enterprise (MSME) sector plays a significant role, contributing to 45 percent of the country’s manufacturing. This sector is responsible for approximately 25 percent of the overall energy consumption within the industrial sector. This paper delves into policies, schemes, and programs between 2010-2020, geared toward bolstering energy efficiency, fostering the adoption of clean energy sources, and mitigating SMEs’ carbon footprint. The paper also examines policies across Haryana, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, and Himachal Pradesh.
Kur’an Ayetlerinde Neshin Kronolojik Tarihi Hakkında Problemler
Authors: Çağıran Hakan
Published: June 2024

Kur’an hükümlerinin başka bir kitapla nesh edilmeyeceği; Kur’an’ın kendisinden önceki diğer ilahi kitapları nesh ettiği hususunda ihtilaf yokken Kur’an ayetlerinin birbirini nesh etme meselesi ve hadislerin Kur’an’ı nesh etme hususunda ise ihtilaf vardır. İlk dönem müfessirlerinin kahir ekseriyeti neshin Kur’an ayetleri arasında varlığını kabul eder. Onlar, Kuran’ın kendisinden önceki kutsal kitapların neshine ek olarak, yeni kurulmaya başlayan İslam düzeninin oluşması ve kemale ermesi için neshi doğal bir olgu saymışlardır. Nesih olayı, yalnızca hüküm bildiren ayetleri kapsamakta olup inanç esaslarına etki etmez. Hükümler de zaman, mekân ve duruma göre değişebilir. Bir illete bağlı olarak konulan hüküm, illetinin değişmesi ile değişebilir. Bu görüşü benimseyenler neshin, dini vecibelerin ifasında bir kolaylık olduğu kanaatindedirler. Kur’an ayetleri arasında neshin varlığını kabul eden müfessirler mensuh ayetlerin sayısında ittifak etmemişlerdir. Bazı müfessirler mensuh ayet sayısını 200’e kadar çıkartmış diğer bazıları da 5’e indirmiştir. İmam es-Süyûtî ifrat ve tefritten uzak kalarak mensuh hükümlerin 20 ayet olduğunu ifade etmiştir. Nesih olayının gerçekleşebilmesi için bu olayın Hz. Peygamberin (s.a.v.) hayatta olduğu süre içerisinde olması, nasih ve mensuhun şer’i-amelî hükümler ile alakalı olması, (ihtilaflı olsa da) mensuh ayetin amel edilebilecek kadar bir süre yürürlükte kalmış olması, iki ayet arasında cem ve telif imkanının bulunmaması ve nesh eden ayetin neshe uğrayan ayetten sonra inmiş olması gibi bazı şartlar vardır. Nesh olduğu söylenilen ayetlerin arasında çelişkilik durumu vardır. Ancak sadece ayetlerin birbiriyle çelişki içinde olması nesih hükmünün çıkarılması için yeterli değildir. Bu konuda en önemli nokta tarihsel kronolojidir. Bundan dolayı da bu çalışmada neshin şartlarından olan kronolojik tarih araştırılmıştır. "Ayet kronolojisi" terimi, nesh olduğu iddia edilen ayetler arasındaki tarihsel bağlamın göz önünde bulundurularak, nasih ve mensuh ayetlerin zamanının belirlenmesini ifade eder. Nesih kavramının kabul edilmesi için, nasih ayetin mensuh ayetten sonra nazil olması gerektiği prensibi önemlidir. Kronolojinin dikkate alınması, İslam hukukunda ve tefsir biliminde neshin belirlenmesi için yapılan çalışmalarda önemli bir yöntemdir. Bu bağlamda kronolojinin tespiti ayetlerin nüzul sırasının belirlenmesi, ayetlerin iniş sebeplerini ve bağlamını bildiren siyer ve hadis ilmi, özellikle ilk dönem müfessirlerin görüşleri ve onlara dayandırılan rivayetlerle belirlenmektedir. Bazı görüşlere göre nesih olgusunda kronolojik tarihin dikkate alınmadan hüküm verildiği söylenmişse de bu çalışma ile önemli bir kaynak olan İmam es-Süyûtî ve onun gibi nesih konusunda uzmanlaşmış otoritelerin tarihsel bağlamı dikkate aldığı tespit olunmuştur. Bu çalışmada ele alınan ayetlerin tamamında kronolojik olarak nesih olayının gerçekleşmesi mümkündür. Zira her birini araştırdığımız ayetlerde nasih ayet, mensuh ayetten sonra nazil olmuştur. Bu da ilgili ayetlerde nesih olayının gerçekleştiği hususunu ortaya çıkartmaktadır.
Operables Melanom: Neoadjuvante Immuntherapie – eine vielversprechende Option
Authors: Gellrich Frank Friedrich
Published: June 2024

Sowohl die Therapie mit Immuncheckpoint-Inhibitoren (ICI) als auch die zielgerichtete Therapie haben die Prognose des fortgeschrittenen Melanoms in den vergangenen Jahren entscheidend verbessert. Durch eine neoadjuvante Tumortherapie vor der Tumorresektion können tumorspezifische T-Zellen expandiert werden, und das Therapieansprechen kann erhöht werden. Nach einer neoadjuvanten Immuntherapie zeigen insbesondere Patienten mit einer pathologisch kompletten Remission ein hohes und anhaltendes Therapieansprechen. Das optimale Therapieregime ist Gegenstand aktueller Forschung. Die neoadjuvante Therapie mit ICI ist zum aktuellen Zeitpunkt zur Behandlung des malignen Melanoms nicht zugelassen, stellt aber eine vielversprechende Option für Erkrankte im resektablen Tumorstadium III und IV dar.
Challenges and Strategies in the Return of Land Bailout Funds for Toll Road Construction: A Detailed Analysis of PT Hutama Karya's Approach
Authors:   School of Business and Management Institut Teknologi Bandung & Jalan Gelap Nyawang No. 1, Bandung, Jawa Barat, Indonesia, Zakia Kevin Dyovenda , Dewi Emilia Fitriana ,   School of Business and Management Institut Teknologi Bandung & Jalan Gelap Nyawang No. 1, Bandung, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
Published: June 2024

This study explores the factors that cause the delay in the process of returning the Land Bailout Fund (LBF) and examines potential problems related to the inability of the Government of Indonesia to return LBF to PT Hutama Karya (HK) in the context of the Trans Sumatra Toll Road project. Using a qualitative case study methodology in the framework of empirical law, this study integrates Gustav Radbruch’s theory of legal objectives to analyze the current legal regulations. Primary data were collected through interviews with key informants and secondary data on the realization of LBF at PT HK. The findings show that the main cause of the delay is the length of time it takes for the Commitment Making Officer (CMO) to prepare the LBF return submission documents, coupled with the slow verification process at the State Asset Management Agency (SAMI). In addition, problems related to the Land Bailout Fund that cannot be returned arise when the land acquisition is outside the specified area or when the business use right permit is not extended. The current laws and regulations, including the regulations of the Minister of Public Works and Public Housing and the Minister of Finance, are unable to overcome this gap, resulting in the failure to achieve legal goals in terms of justice and legal certainty. This study shows that this legal ambiguity inhibits the effectiveness of the LBF mechanism and recommends legislative changes to address this gap. By refining the legal provisions, the study supports increased fairness and certainty, ultimately benefiting the government and entities such as PT HK.
Development of Problem-Solving-Oriented Electronic Module (E-Module) to Improve The Critical Thinking Skills of Class XI Senior High School Students on Acid-Base Material
Authors:   Chemistry Department, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia, Qoshirotutthorfi Tsania , Nasrudin Harun ,   Chemistry Department, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia, Azizah Utiyah ,   Chemistry Department, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia
Published: June 2024

The Independent Curriculum is a solution to the tight competition for human resources in the 21st century. The critical thinking skills needed in the 21st century can be improved through studying chemistry, especially acid-base materials. The problem-solving learning model is an appropriate learning model for understanding acid-base materials and can improve students’ critical thinking skills. Learning media that can be used in chemistry learning are electronic modules. The aim of this research is to develop a problem-solving-oriented e-module to improve critical thinking skills in acid-base materials. The development model in this research uses the 4D model by Thiagarajan. The development of problem-solving-oriented e-modules was declared suitable for improving students’ critical thinking skills in acid-base material in terms of validity, practicality, and effectiveness. Validity is seen in content and construct validity, both of which received a mode value of 5 in the very valid category. Practicality can be seen from the results of the student response questionnaire, which obtained a percentage of 98.75℅ in the very practical category and is supported by the results of observations of student activities. Effectiveness can be seen from the results of the students’ critical thinking skills pretest and posttest, which obtained a significance value of 0.00 using the paired sample t-test.
Effects of Information Communication Technology Adoption on Financial Perfomance of Depost Taking Saccos in Eldoret Town
Authors:   ., B Cheruiyot Chepkoech , Jepkorir Dr. Susan ,   .
Published: June 2024

Kenya Vision 2030 recognises the critical role of information and communication technology (ICT) as an amplifier for innovation, growth, and competitiveness in all organisations, which ultimately contributes to better economic productivity. The general well-being of the populace has been stabilised by economic stability. The emergence of digital inclusive finance has improved people's quality of life while reducing financial barriers, enhancing the credit system, and allocating resources as effectively as is feasible . The main objective of this study was assess the effects of Information Communication Technology (ICT) adoption on the financial performance of the savings and credit cooperative societies (SACCOS) in Eldoret town. The study was guided by the following objectives to determine the effect of mobile banking on the financial performance of the SACCOs in Eldoret town and to determine the effect of internet banking on the financial performance of the SACCOs in Eldoret town. The study utilised the Diffusion Innovation Theory..The study adopted a descriptive research design to obtain pertinent and precise information on current status of the phenomena. Eleven authorised SACCOs in Eldoret that accept deposits were the focus of the research. Questionnaires was used in the study to gather data from primary sources. The gathered data was coded, edited, and then SPSS version 29 was used for analysis and presentation. The study findings found that mobile banking played a crucial role in saving time for both clients and Sacco employees (mean = 3.46, std deviation = 1.268), also the study established that internet banking significantly increased transaction volume per day compared to traditional methods (mean = 3.84, std deviation = 1.153).The study concluded that accessibility and user-friendly interface of mobile banking enhanced usability and appealed to a wide range of users.The study recommended that the SACCOs should focus on expanding and promoting mobile banking services, given their demonstrated effectiveness in optimizing time management and enhancing customer satisfaction and the SACCOs should leverage internet banking to increase daily transaction volumes and improve financial efficiency
Federated Learning: Enhancing Data Privacy and Security in Machine Learning through Decentralized Training Paradigms
Authors:   Staff Data Engineer – Data Platform Technology Lead at Oportun, USA, Joshi Abhijit
Published: June 2024

Federated learning represents a transformative paradigm in the realm of machine learning by enabling models to be trained across multiple decentralized devices or servers holding local data samples without exchanging them. This approach significantly enhances data privacy and security by ensuring that sensitive information remains localized while still contributing to global model improvements. This paper delves into the technical intricacies of federated learning, examining its architecture, methodologies, and algorithms. Furthermore, it explores various applications across different industries, evaluates the challenges in implementation, and discusses potential solutions to overcome these obstacles. The impact of federated learning on data privacy and security is thoroughly analyzed, providing insights into its future scope and areas for further research.
Utilize AI Algorithms to Generate Realistic and Diverse Test Data Sets for API Testing
Authors:   USA, Basireddy Maheswara Reddy
Published: June 2024

API testing is a critical aspect of software development, ensuring that application programming interfaces function correctly, reliably, and securely. Generating diverse and realistic test data sets is essential for thorough API testing, encompassing various data types, constraints, and edge cases. Leveraging AI algorithms presents a powerful approach to automate the creation of such data sets, improving efficiency and coverage while mimicking real-world scenarios.
Responsible Artificial Intelligence on Large Scale Data to Prevent Misuse, Unethical Challenges and Security Breaches
Authors:   Tracy, United States, Sekhar Veluru Chandra
Published: June 2024

Artificial Intelligence, AI, has recently grown exponentially and has transformed tremendously and some of the sectors that primarily benefitted are education, public administration, environmental management, and workforce management. The element of AI enhances data analysis, decision-making, and automation, and it is, according to its promises, set to do this with more efficiency and accuracy. As AI technology rapidly proliferates, it raises ethical concerns about its potential misuse, bias, and security. However, stringent ethical practices have emerged, and the emphasis remains squarely on accountability, transparency, fairness, privacy, and security. And that is what this research paper delves deeper into, to assess how it remains effective in addressing the associated risks of AI technologies. It is therefore important to explore the key principles for responsible practices of AI, including how it is implemented and their effects across industry sectors. Along with these fundamental principles, the paper presents various case studies, which cover a series of fields to give an ample view of practical applications and success of these ethical standards. For instance, AI in education offers personalization in learning while keeping fairness and transparency, AI in public administration ensures accountability in making decisions, and the environmental management department gets to have AI application, offering sustainability to the environment. In the workforce management sector, AI enhances workforce management with ethical guidelines to ensure fairness and no bias during recruitment and evaluation processes. This establishes that some important themes entail continuous monitoring, data practices that are diverse and inclusive, and techniques for AI that can help in explaining, hence promoting transparency and trust.
The Need for Enhancing the Antimicrobial Stewardship Practices in Long-Term Care
Authors:   USA, Kottapalli Pavani
Published: June 2024

Antimicrobials play a crucial role in various treatments and promoting global health by contributing to and complementing chemotherapy and surgical treatments. However, besides their benefits, antimicrobials also cause consequences for the community due to their side effects/complications and drug resistance. Further, the inappropriate usage of antimicrobials in various healthcare settings in the United States is causing concern and leading federal agencies to develop antimicrobial stewardship initiatives to improve patient safety by optimizing antimicrobial usage and improving clinical outcomes. This article focuses on enhancing antimicrobial stewardship practices in Long-term care settings.
Best Practices for Data Management in Clinical Trials
Authors:   Programmer Analyst at Thermofisher Scientific, USA, Uttiramerur Arvind
Published: June 2024

This study explores the potential of LangChain, a framework for constructing applications with advanced language models, to translate natural language queries into executable SQL code. Study propose an innovative LangChain-based architecture that receives a natural language query, analyzes it with a language model, and generates the corresponding SQL statement for database querying. This approach aims to empower non-technical users, facilitate inter-team collaboration, and enable data-informed decision-making. However, challenges persist, including managing complex queries and grasping domain-specific terminology. This research investigates the methodology and system design of our proposed natural language interface for databases, leveraging LangChain and extensive language models. Study also explore the possibilities and potential applications of this system, as well as future research avenues for enhancing its functionalities and addressing current constraints. By integrating advanced natural language processing with database technologies, this research aims to enable inclusive and powerful data querying experiences.
Turning Data into Dollars: Navigating the Path to Monetization and Unlocking Business Value through Data
Authors:   USA, Matai Puneet
Published: June 2024

This whitepaper delves into the transformative landscape of data monetization in the financial services industry, emphasizing its critical role in sustaining competitiveness. It explores opportunities within the projected $7.3 billion data monetization market, focusing on investment and risk management trends. Key topics include direct monetization techniques like data selling and Data-as-a-Service (DaaS), as well as indirect approaches such as enhanced decision-making and personalized services. The paper navigates challenges, addresses best practices, and draws insights from case studies featuring industry leaders like Ant Financial and Credit Karma. With a forward-looking perspective, the whitepaper encourages proactive engagement amid the evolving data monetization landscape.
Chronic endometritis in the development of abnormal uterine bleeding, endometrial dysfunction and other reproductive disorders (literature review)
Authors:   Research Institute of Human Morphology named after Academician A.P. Avtsyna – Russian Scientific Centre of Surgery named after Academi- cian B.V. Petrovsky, Mitrelis Rina U. ,   OJSC "Treatment Centre", Mikhaleva Liudmila M. ,   Research Institute of Human Morphology named after Academician A.P. Avtsyna – Russian Scientific Centre of Surgery named after Academi- cian B.V. Petrovsky,   Municipal Clinical Hospital No. 31 named after Academician G.M. Savelyeva of the M, Orazov Mekan R. ,   People’s Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Mikhalev Sergey A. ,   Municipal Clinical Hospital No. 31 named after Academician G.M. Savelyeva of the Moscow City Health Department,   Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Centre, Kobyzeva Tatyana Yu. ,   Research Institute of Human Morphology named after Academician A.P. Avtsyna – Russian Scientific Centre of Surgery named after Academi- cian B.V. Petrovsky
Published: June 2024

Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), common in a cohort of women in the reproductive period, is undoubtedly an extremely important factor reducing quality of life. Persistent endometrial inflammation is a pathogenetic link associated with endometrial dysfunction. The article reflects the modern paradigm of etiology, pathogenesis and management of patients with AUB on the background of chronic endometritis according to the data of domestic and foreign literature.
Combined treatment (surgery + hormone therapy) of patients with various forms of endometriosis
Authors:   People’s Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Orazov Mekan R. , Radzinsky Viktor E. ,   People’s Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Dolgov Evgeny D. ,   People’s Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)
Published: June 2024

The global relevance of endometriosis as one of the most common gynaecological nosologies is increasing every year. Currently available evidence-based data help to uncover the most intimate pathogenetic stigmas of the disease and identify key application points for its treatment. That said, the most common forms of endometriosis are currently deep infiltrative, superficial peritoneal, and endometrioid ovarian cysts. This review presents the key pathogenetic mechanisms of different phenotypes of the disease and highlights current strategies for their combined treatment.
"Ringed by fate". Carcinogenic risks in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors:   People’s Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Orazov Mekan R. , Radzinsky Viktor E. ,   People’s Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Dolgov Evgeny D. ,   People’s Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)
Published: June 2024

Polycystic ovary syndrome is a proven risk factor for both endometrial hyperplasia and cancer. The article reflects the current paradigm of etiology, pathogenesis and management of patients with endometrial hyperplasia on the background of polycystic ovary syndrome, according to the data of domestic and foreign literature.
Methods to preserve fertility in patients with serous borderline ovarian tumors
Authors:   Patrice Lumumba Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Orazov Mekan R. , Kiseleva Marina V. ,   National Medical Research Center of Radiology, Pernay Vladlena M. ,   Patrice Lumumba Peoples' Friendship University of Russia
Published: June 2024

Over the past decades, there have been great advances in the understanding of serous borderline tumors of the ovary. Although most serous borderline tumors have a favorable outcome, recurrence and progression to carcinoma are possible. Serous borderline tumor of the ovaries is the most common among all borderline tumors. They are an intermediate group between benign and malignant formations. Most often, serous borderline tumors have a favorable outcome, but there are also cases of relapse and progression to malignancy. In this review, we will try to clarify what a serous borderline tumor is.
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ВОИНСКИХ СОЕДИНЕНИЙ И ЧАСТЕЙ В ЗАПАДНОМ КАЗАХСТАНЕ В ГОДЫ ВЕЛИКОЙ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННОЙ ВОЙНЫ
Authors: Сарсенов Алдар , Жумагулов Болат , Қуаныш Серік
Published: June 2024

В основу статьи легли вопросы создания национальных воинских формирований в западном регионе Казахстана в годы Великой Отечественной войны. 70% европейской части СССР в первой половине войны находилось под контролем немецких фашистов, поэтому Красная Армия нуждалась в живой силе. В этой ситуации решением Государственного Комитета Обороны на повестку дня был поставлен вопрос о формировании воинских соединений, в том числе национальных воинских частей из народов союзных республик. Описывается как народ Казахстана, в том числе Западно-Казахстанской области, был вовлечен в эту сложную и обременительную задачу. Целью статьи является раскрытие на основе документов, в том числе архивных данных, что формирования были созданы на средства трех областей Западного региона, а уставший от войны народ давал свои последние деньги и пожитки. Героический путь воинских формирований в войне, вклад отдельных лиц, участвовавших в боевых действиях, освобожденные ими города подтверждены различными документами.
На основании научных монографий и иных документов констатируется, что основу формируемых в Западном Казахстане воинских соединений составляли рабочие и колхозники, а большинство командиров были представителями русской национальности. На должность комиссаров коллективов часто привлекались секретари обкомов партии, ответственные сотрудники ЦК Компартии Казахстана. На основе использованных архивных данных выявлено число мобилизованных на фронт из областей Западного Казахстана, убитых, пропавших без вести, сдавшихся в плен и погибших в госпиталях от тяжелых ранений. Все эти сведения приведены в таблицах.
ПАТРИОТТЫҚ МӘДЕНИЕТТІ ҚАЛЫПТАСТЫРУ:
ШЕТЕЛДІК ЖӘНЕ ОТАНДЫҚ ТӘЖІРИБЕЛЕР
Authors: Каирова Акерке , Туребаева Клара
Published: June 2024

Бұл мақалада жас ұрпақтың бойында патриоттық мәдениетті қалыптастырудың өзекті мәселелері жан-жақты қарастырылып, негізгі ұғымдардың мәнін анықтауда және түрлі түсініктемелерді саралауда философиялық, психологиялық-педагогикалық, әлеуметтік еңбектерге сүйеніп баяндалды. Патриоттық мәдениет ұғымының мәні мен мағынасын жете түсіну үшін «патриотизм» мен «мәдениет» ұғымдарының теориялық-әдістемелік негіздерін басты мақсат етіп, аталған ұғымдардың шығу тарихы мен ғылыми айналымға ену мәселесін қарастырып, философиялық базистеріне талдау жасалды. Зерттеу өзектілігіне сай зерттеу методологиясында тарихи, детерминизм және хронологиялық принципті, диалектикалық байланысты сақтай отырып, жүйелілік, жіктеу әдістері қолданылып, қорытынды жасалды. Сонымен қатар, мақалада оқу әрекетін ұйымдастырудағы педагогикалық тәсілдеме мен бағыттарды ескере отырып, пәндік білім берумен қатар адамның рухани дамуын зерттеген отандық және шетелдік ғалымдардың еңбектеріне сүйену арқылы сыни көзқарастарға талдау жасалып, ой тұжырым жасау арқылы ғылыми-әдебиет авторларының пікірі объективті түрде қорытылды. Зерттеуші ғалымдардың патриоттық және мәдени көзқарастарының тоғысуының аясында, қоғамның даму тенденциясына сай құндылықтар эволюциясындағы жаңа ұғымға жүйелі түсінік беру арқылы ғалымдардың еңбектерін жіктеу арқылы өзектілігіне сай зерттеу жұмысымыздың бір бөлігі айқындалды.
INTELLECTUAL MIGRATION AS A FACTOR OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE COUNTRY: ANALYSIS OF CANADA’S EXPERIENCE
Authors: Каймолдиев Азат , Бокаев Бауржан
Published: June 2024

In the context of globalization, the topic of intellectual migration is becoming increasingly relevant for the development of innovative economies and advanced technologies. This article analyzes the experience of Canada, one of the leading countries in the field of attracting highly qualified specialists. The purpose of the article is to study Canada's immigration policy, and its impact on the socio-economic development of the country, as well as to identify current trends and opportunities for developing effective mechanisms for regulating migration flows.
The case study method used in the study allowed for an in-depth analysis of Canadian practice. Data collection and processing included content analysis of regulatory legal acts, international and national reports, as well as other documented sources. The results of the study show that Canadian immigration policy is one of the most liberal and inclusive in the world, contributing to attracting highly qualified migrants, supporting family reunification, and providing asylum to those in need.
Immigration processes play a key role in the socio-economic development of Canada, compensating for the shortage of workers and contributing to demographic stability. The Government of Canada is actively implementing migrant integration programs, which makes it possible to maximize the potential for economic growth and innovative development of the country. The study also revealed that effective immigration policies and integration programs are key factors for the successful recruitment and adaptation of highly qualified professionals in Canada.
The results obtained can serve as a basis for the development of effective policies in the field of intellectual migration and contribute to further study of this topic.
The Effect of Foreign Exchange Exposure on the Financial Performance of MNCs in Rwanda
Authors: Oluwafolahanmi Adegbite, Grace
Published: June 2024

Multinational companies that operate in emerging markets like Rwanda must contend with significant risks associated with foreign exchange exposure. The financial performance of these companies can be greatly influenced by fluctuations in currency values. The research aimed to examining how foreign exchange exposure affects the financial performance of multinational companies in Rwanda. The main objective of the research is to investigate the impact of foreign exchange exposure on the financial performance of multinational companies in Rwanda using metrics such as Net Profit Margin. Cross sectional Design was employed. The association between foreign exchange exposure and various financial measures of financial performance has been assessed using statistical analysis of financial data derived from the annual reports of selected multinational companies operating in Rwanda for the period of 2018 to 2022. The targeted population for the research was 50 companies of Multinational companies in Rwanda while sample size of 11 was employed. The study adopted Correlation and Regression Analysis as data analysis technique. The findings of the study revealed that there is no significant influence of foreign exchange exposure on the financial performance of Multinational companies in Rwanda. It was concluded that there is no significant influence of foreign exchange exposure on the financial performance of Multinational companies in Rwanda. The study recommends amongst others that Hedging, insurance, and currency diversifications are examples of currency risk transfer strategies that businesses should employ. It is also advised to use currency swaps, forward markets, and futures markets as instruments to manage foreign exchange risk.