bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Who Makes the Fall Happen? A Study of Two National Taiwanese Universities’ Experiences of Removing Statues of Chiang Kai-shek
Authors: Da-Chi Liao , Hsien-Ming Lin
Published: January 2022

Addressing contentious historical figures’ statues and heritages is an issue that perplexes many countries and generates polarised social debates. Taiwanese society has also had a long debate on how to appropriately handle statues of the country’s former leader, Chiang Kai-shek. What has become known as “fallism” has been quite prevalent worldwide in recent years. Several studies have attempted to delineate this trend in South Africa, Belgium, the UK, and Taiwan under the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) rule after 2016. However, no study thus far has focused on who truly makes the fall happen. In this study, the authors examine two Taiwanese cases—National Chengchi University and National Sun Yat-sen University, located in the north and south of Taiwan respectively—and explore these two universities’ experiences of decision-making with regard to the removal of Chiang’s statues. To do so, we examine both quantitative and qualitative data collected through participatory observation and voting results. This study aims to answer the fundamental question of who actually makes the statues fall. The findings of this study enrich the discussion of fallism in the current literature.
Overseas Taiwanese Negotiations of “Chinese Identity” in the Time of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Lin Hsieng-Ming
Published: January 2022

In this article, the author examines how Belgian Taiwanese immigrants negotiate their ethnonational identity, especially the term “Chinese” in the time of the Covid-19 pandemic. The study finds some differences of identity negotiation and performance strategies applied by different generations of immigrants.
Chinese Identities in Australia amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: Backgrounds, Challenges, and Directions for Future Research
Authors: Tao Yu , Yu Cheng Len
Published: January 2022

Although they are often perceived as one group, significant diversities in culture, language, social class, and political opinions exist among people who identify as Chinese in Australia. More academic attention should be given to internal variations among these people, as they immigrated to Australia in different historical periods and from different localities. The Chinese identities in Australia have been further complicated by the COVID-19 pandemic and its intersectionality with anti-Asian racism globally, warranting new empirical analysis and theoretical reflections.
Female Socio-economic Conditions and Feminization of Poverty in Rural Areas of District Larkana of Sindh, Pakistan
Authors: Ghazala Panhwar  , B. Faika Tahir  , Shabana Tunio
Published: January 2022

This paper explores out the relation of feminization of poverty and education as well as the devaluation of the female workforce. Feminization of poverty is a global phenomenon and the prominent in underdeveloped countries. Pakistan does not have any concrete data on the female workforce or feminization of poverty. The ethnological methods were adopted to find out the changes over time. However, such the data acquired through focus group discussion, in-depth interviews, and participant observations. The study aimed to understand the feminization of poverty through the lens of feminism theory. The effect of education was observed. The study shows that the devaluation of female work is more prominent in uneducated female and female-headed households than educated females and male-headed households. The difference between a male and female household and their wage difference was also underpinned in the study. The educated female who was economically independent possessed and heightened confidence level important position in the family as compared to uneducated females. Education had a positive impact on female empowerment and self-awareness. Social norms of rural areas influenced female behaviors towards jobs and earnings. The study examines the everyday life of women in district Larkana. The narrative points out the feminization of poverty and the vicious cycle of poverty in females due to lack of education and low-paying jobs.
Measuring Sufficiency of Social Insurance in Maintaining Quality of Life of Civil Pensioners in Pakistan
Authors: Muhammad Jafar  , Aisha Shoukat  , Dr. Farhat Ullah
Published: January 2022

The global economic crisis in 2007 has given new impetus to the debate on social protection as an instrument for addressing worldwide poverty and vulnerability. Pakistan has several social protection programmes in place, but they are primarily skewed towards formal sector economy. Social protection can be contributory (social insurance) or non-contributory (social assistance). This paper attempts to measure sufficiency of social insurance benefits for civil pensioners in maintaining quality of life (QOL) in term of food, health and housing. Adopting quantitative approach, data were collected from 358 respondents from province of Punjab through structured questionnaire. The data were analysed using SPSS whereas descriptive statistics and Pearson Corelation analysis were performed. The results show that social insurance benefits (monthly pension and gratuity) were playing critical role in maintaining QOL of civil pensioners. Furthermore, results of correlation analysis revealed that all three domains of QOL were significantly correlated with social insurance benefits. The study concludes that overall QOL of the civil pensioners was better than pensioners of private sector or elderly citizens (non-pensioners) from economically poor background. The study provides an insight for social workers, policy makers and stakeholders for influencing policy making and social planning for redesigning and revising social insurance programmes in Pakistan
14º BATALHÃO PM-PR NO COMBATE AO CONTRABANDO E AO DESCAMINHO EM FOZ DO IGUAÇU
Authors: Navega Costa Roberto Rigaud , Navega Costa Tatiane dos Santos
Published: January 2022

O presente texto tem como objetivo apresentar um trabalho de campo feito junto ao 14º Batalhão de Polícia Militar do Estado do Paraná, tendo como entrevistado o Relações Públicas do 14º BPM, setor P5, o Capitão André, que nos forneceu a posição da força de segurança a respeito do contrabando e do descaminho, e qual a participação da PM no combate a tais atividades. Para tal nos utilizamos de uma entrevista sem uma estrutura fechada, tendo como fio condutor o que já sabíamos da atividade ilícita em foco, buscando entender a participação da Polícia Militar neste combate, a posição dos policiais em relação aos sacoleiros e laranjas, e os resultados deste trabalho. Nos utilizamos também de dados bibliográficos sobre a origem da PM no Paraná. Esperamos ao final do texto fornecer informações úteis para entendermos como se dá a ação da PM, perguntando aos próprios agentes, conhecendo o batalhão que organiza tal ação, e quais os frutos deste trabalho.
Forest–atmosphere exchange of reactive nitrogen in a remote region – Part I: Measuring temporal dynamics
Authors: Wintjen Pascal , Schrader Frederik , Schaap Martijn , Beudert Burkhard , Brümmer Christian
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Long-term dry deposition flux measurements of reactive nitrogen based on the
eddy covariance or the aerodynamic gradient method are scarce. Due to the
large diversity of reactive nitrogen compounds and high technical requirements
for the measuring devices, simultaneous measurements of individual reactive
nitrogen compounds are not affordable. Hence, we examined the exchange
patterns of total reactive nitrogen (ΣNr) and
determined annual dry deposition budgets based on measured data at a mixed
forest exposed to low air pollution levels located in the Bavarian Forest
National Park (NPBW), Germany. Flux measurements of
ΣNr were carried out with the Total Reactive
Atmospheric Nitrogen Converter (TRANC) coupled to a chemiluminescence
detector (CLD) for 2.5 years. The average ΣNr concentration was 3.1 µg N m−3. Denuder measurements with DELTA samplers and chemiluminescence
measurements of nitrogen oxides (NOx) have shown that NOx has the
highest contribution to ΣNr (∼51.4 %), followed by ammonia (NH3) (∼20.0 %),
ammonium (NH4+) (∼15.3 %), nitrate NO3- (∼7.0 %), and nitric acid (HNO3) (∼6.3 %). Only
slight seasonal changes were found in the ΣNr
concentration level, whereas a seasonal pattern was observed for the
contribution of NH3 and NOx. NH3 showed highest
contributions to ΣNr in spring and summer,
NOx in autumn and winter. We observed deposition fluxes at the measurement site with median fluxes
ranging from −15 to −5 ngNm-2s-1 (negative fluxes
indicate deposition). Median deposition velocities ranged from 0.2 to
0.5 cm s−1. In general, highest deposition velocities were
recorded during high solar radiation, in particular from May to September. Our
results suggest that seasonal changes in composition of
ΣNr, global radiation (Rg), and
other drivers correlated with Rg were most likely influencing
the deposition velocity (vd). We found that from May to
September higher temperatures, lower relative humidity, and dry leaf surfaces
increase vd of ΣNr. At the
measurement site, ΣNr concentration did not
emerge as a driver for the ΣNrvd. No significant influence of temperature, humidity, friction velocity, or wind
speed on ΣNr fluxes when using the
mean-diurnal-variation (MDV) approach for filling gaps of up to 5 days was
found. Remaining gaps were replaced by a monthly average of the specific
half-hourly value. From June 2016 to May 2017 and June 2017 to May 2018, we
estimated dry deposition sums of 3.8 and 4.0 kgNha-1a-1,
respectively. Adding results from the wet deposition measurements, we
determined 12.2 and 10.9 kgNha-1a-1 as total nitrogen
deposition in the 2 years of observation. This work encompasses (one of) the first long-term flux measurements of
ΣNr using novel measurements techniques for
estimating annual nitrogen dry deposition to a remote forest ecosystem.
The influence of oxygen fugacity and chlorine on amphibole–liquid trace element partitioning at upper-mantle conditions
Authors: Cannaò Enrico , Tiepolo Massimo , Borghini Giulio , Langone Antonio , Fumagalli Patrizia
Published: January 2022

Abstract. The recycling of volatile and incompatible elements
through the entire Earth's history is one of the most important processes for
the chemical evolution of the lithosphere. In this context, amphiboles are
important hydrous minerals playing a key role in the chemical
differentiation of the crust–mantle system. We carried out amphibole–liquid
partitioning (Amph/LD) experiments starting from a hydrous
alkali basalt with variable chlorine content and doped in 37 trace elements
of geochemical interest. Experiments were conducted with an end-loaded
piston cylinder apparatus at a fixed pressure of 1.4 GPa, temperature from
1015 to 1050 ∘C, and at two different oxygen fugacity conditions
(fO2; ΔFMQ ≈-2.6 (log fO2 [experiment] − log
fO2 [FMQ buffer]) and ΔFMQ ≈+ 1.7). These conditions
approach those of the Earth's upper mantle chemically metasomatised by
subduction-derived agents that may occur in several geological settings.
All runs show Ti-pargasites and kaersutites, either as individual crystals
or replacing former clinopyroxenes, in equilibrium with alkali-rich (4 wt %–6 wt %) and silica-intermediate (52 wt %–59 wt %) melts. A comprehensive
trace element dataset (LLEs – light lithophile elements, LILEs – light ion
lithophile elements, REEs – rare Earth elements, HFSEs – high field strength
elements, actinides, transition metals, chalcophiles) has been determined in
glass and amphibole with a laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (LA-ICP-MS). Although the melt
polymerization has a major influence on Amph/LDs, we provide evidence
that changes in the fO2 of both the system and Cl content in amphibole
(up to 0.88 wt %) also affect the Amph/LDs of several trace elements
and their ratios. In particular, at higher fO2 conditions lower
Amph/LD values for U and Mo are observed likely in relation to the low
capability of amphibole to incorporate the more oxidized forms of these
cations. The Amph/LDTh/Amph/LDU ratio is positively
correlated with the Cl content in amphibole, while the opposite behavior is
shown by Amph/LD ratios of other elements with the same charge and
different ionic radius (e.g., Gd / Yb, Nb / Ta, and Pb / Ba). Dimensional modification
of the amphibole structure in relation to the incorporation of Cl in the
O(3) site are at the origin of the observed variations. General implications
of our results are discussed.
A sanity check for earthquake recurrence models used in PSHA of slowly deforming regions: the case of SW Iberia
Authors: Ramalho Margarida , Matias Luis , Neres Marta , Carafa Michele M. C. , Carvalho Alexandra , Teves-Costa Paula
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Probabilistic seismic hazard assessment (PSHA), despite its deep criticism, is still the most common tool used to decide on the acceptable seismic
risk and corresponding mitigation measures. We propose two consistency tests to address the variability of earthquake generation models found in
PSHA studies: (i) one rule-of-thumb test where the seismic moment release from the model is converted to an average slip on a typical fault and
compared with known plate kinematics or GNSS deformation field and (ii) a test where using a neotectonic model the computed deformation is converted into seismic moment release and to a synthetic earthquake catalogue. We apply these tests to W and SW Iberia slowly deforming region, where two earthquake source areas are investigated: (1) the Lower Tagus Valley, one of the largest seismic risk zones of Portugal; and (2) the offshore SW Iberia area, considered to be the source for the 1 November 1755 event (M ∼ 8.7). Results show that some of the earthquake source models should be considered suspicious, given their high/low moment release when compared to the expected values from GNSS observations or neotectonic
modelling. This analysis allowed for a downgrade of the weight of poorly compliant models in the PSHA analysis, and thus for a more realistic hazard
assessment, and can be integrated in other studies of similar settings.
Dam type and lake location characterize ice-marginal lake area change in Alaska and NW Canada between 1984 and 2019
Authors: Rick Brianna , McGrath Daniel , Armstrong William , McCoy Scott W.
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Ice-marginal lakes impact glacier mass balance, water resources, and ecosystem dynamics and can produce catastrophic glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) via sudden drainage. Multitemporal inventories of ice-marginal lakes are a critical first step in understanding the drivers of historic change, predicting future lake evolution, and assessing GLOF hazards. Here, we use Landsat-era satellite imagery and supervised classification to semi-automatically delineate lake outlines for four ∼5-year time periods between 1984 and 2019 in Alaska and northwest Canada. Overall, ice-marginal lakes in the region have grown in total number (+183 lakes, 38 % increase) and area (+483 km2, 59 % increase) between the time periods of 1984–1988 and 2016–2019. However, changes in lake numbers and area were notably unsteady and nonuniform. We demonstrate that lake area changes are connected to dam type (moraine, bedrock, ice, or supraglacial) and topological position (proglacial, detached, unconnected, ice, or supraglacial), with important differences in lake behavior between the sub-groups. In strong contrast to all other dam types, ice-dammed lakes decreased in number (six fewer, 9 % decrease) and area (−51 km2, 40 % decrease), while moraine-dammed lakes increased (56 more, 26 % and +479 km2, 87 % increase for number and area, respectively) at a faster rate than the average when considering all dam types together. Proglacial lakes experienced the largest area changes and rate of change out of any lake position throughout the period of study and moraine-dammed lakes which experienced the largest increases are associated with clean-ice glaciers (<19 % debris cover). By tracking individual lakes through time and categorizing lakes by dam type, subregion, and topological position, we are able to parse trends that would otherwise be aliased if these characteristics were not considered. This work highlights the importance of such lake characterization when performing ice-marginal lake inventories and provides insight into the physical processes driving recent ice-marginal lake evolution.
Long-period variability in ice-dammed glacier outburst floods due to evolving catchment geometry
Authors: Jenson Amy , Amundson Jason M. , Kingslake Jonathan , Hood Eran
Published: January 2022

Abstract. We combine a glacier outburst flood model with a glacier flow model to investigate decadal to centennial variations in outburst floods originating from ice-dammed marginal basins. Marginal basins can form due to the retreat and detachment of tributary glaciers, a process that often results in remnant ice being left behind. The remnant ice, which can act like an ice shelf or break apart into a pack of icebergs, limits a basin's water storage capacity but also exerts pressure on the underlying water and promotes drainage. We find that during glacier retreat there is a strong, nearly linear relationship between flood water volume and peak discharge for individual basins, despite large changes in glacier and remnant ice volumes that are expected to impact flood hydrographs. Consequently, peak discharge increases over time as long as there is remnant ice remaining in a basin, and peak discharge begins to decrease once a basin becomes ice-free. Thus, similar size outburst floods can occur at very different stages of glacier retreat. We also find that the temporal variability in outburst flood magnitude depends on how the floods initiate. Basins that connect to the subglacial hydrological system only after reaching flotation depth yield greater long-term variability in outburst floods than basins that are continuously connected to the subglacial hydrological system (and therefore release floods that initiate before reaching flotation depth). Our results highlight the importance of improving our understanding of both changes in basin geometry and outburst flood initiation mechanisms in order to better assess outburst flood hazards and their impacts on landscape and ecosystem evolution.
Professional and Practical Considerations for the Program Evaluation Dissertation
Authors: Varga Mary Alice , Green Katherine B. , Lindsey Justin Grant
Published: January 2022

This essay discusses the emergence of the program evaluation dissertation in our doctoral program as the preferred dissertation in practice (DiP) option. We also outline important considerations that must be reviewed with students when considering this approach. Our students are professional educational leaders in the settings where they conduct their dissertation research, emphasizing the importance of our doctoral faculty in addressing the potential implications of blending dissertation research with professional practice. Using the utilization-focused evaluation approach as a framework, we address professional and practical considerations to ensure effective evaluation designs to examine a specific problem of practice. These considerations include the student's relationship to the program being evaluated, the impact on their professional position, support for the evaluation, access to data collection, potential consent concerns, and the utilization of findings. We conclude with additional ethical considerations to be considered when supporting program evaluation dissertation work.
Reading Research for Writing: Co-Constructing Core Skills Using Primary Literature
Authors: Bjorn Genevive A. , Quaynor Laura , Burgasser Adam J.
Published: January 2022

Synthesizing academic literature into new knowledge through writing is a core skill that doctoral students engaged in research must learn. However, developing efficacy in synthesis skills as an academic writer is a culturally and cognitively demanding process that occurs over many years, requires abstraction, and draws upon critical reading skills. Doctoral reading is an invisible part of training, despite large reading loads in doctoral coursework. Further, reading, writing, and researching skills are co-constructed at the doctoral level as previously described by Kwan (2008). The purpose of this essay is to describe how the primary author used her experience as an EdD student, science teacher, and writer to develop a method that addresses doctoral reading challenges. The novel method described here combines categorical reading strategies with social collaborative annotation (SCA). This method centers on active, categorial reading to deconstruct arguments in the primary literature by identifying claim, evidence, reasoning, implications, and context (CERIC), which can serve as a critical reading pedagogy in existing courses, reading clubs, and seminars. Combining CERIC with SCA tools—ranging from homemade variations of Google Suite to purposeful annotation software, such as Hypothes.is.—can support an efficient doctoral reading process. This essay illustrates several worked examples and explores how this process supports retrieval, engagement, collaboration, inclusion, and community, particularly in online learning environments. Significant implications of this work are to make hidden reading expectations explicit and transform professor-centered transmission models of learning to student-centered sociocultural models of learning. The essay proposes next steps for testing the approach's effectiveness in online doctoral learning.
Evolution of the Dissertation in Practice
Authors: Tamim Suha , Torres Kelly M.
Published: January 2022

This article introduces the special issue on the evolution of the dissertation in practice, presenting a brief overview of the history of the EdD cand the concerns raised over professional doctorates, that triggered efforts to redefine the education doctorate through the leading role of the Carnegie Project on the Education Doctorate.
Whose express access? Assessing the equity implications of bus express routes in Montreal, Canada
Authors: DeWeese James , Santana Palacios Manuel , Belikow Anastasia , El-Geneidy Ahmed
Published: January 2022

Express buses—characterized by limited stops and sometimes higher frequencies or priority traffic measures—offer a cost-effective and efficient way to boost service convenience and reliability for riders. This paper assesses how the accessibility benefits of express bus route policy are distributed in Montreal, Canada, while providing a pathway for public transportation agencies to assess their policies and plans. To isolate the impact of bus express routes, we use General Transit Speed Specification (GTFS) data, the Open Trip Planner multimodal routing engine, and the 2013 edition of Montreal’s origin-destination survey to contrast travel time and accessibility at the trip and census-tract levels under two scenarios: one with the existing, complete network and the second a counterfactual scenario with no express bus routes. Our results indicate that bus express routes enable an overall increase in accessibility for the overall population. However, the accessibility benefits do not accrue evenly, as expected, but also tend to benefit a more significant number of higher incomes. This occurs despite the location of low-income populations in some outlying areas of the city, which express bus routes are supposed to serve. This paper closes with policy recommendations that help planners balance economic, environmental, and equity goals, perhaps one of the most complex challenges they face nowadays.
Which dots to connect? Employment centers and commuting inequalities in Bogotá
Authors: Peña Javier , Guzman Luis A, , Arellana Julian
Published: January 2022

Accessibility and equality evaluations have been primarily focused on residential location. However, workplace location might be an equivalent contributor to inequalities in the travel experience and accessibility. Traditionally, transport planning connects high-demand areas with the best-quality and capacity transport infrastructures. Literature supports that employment centers (EC) receive mainly workers in certain middle-to high-income occupations. This condition results in a type of segregation pattern associated with trip destinations and modal choice similar to those reported for the household location. This paper investigates commuting from a different standpoint, emphasizing the need to consider workplace location and employment distribution within cities. We identify five main EC in Bogotá, Colombia, and explore their association with the commuting mode choice of three population groups using mixed logit models. Results indicate that people who work in any EC tend to use more public transport (PT). Nevertheless, the probability of selecting PT differs among groups. Specifically, for low-income commuters, PT represents lower utility than that for middle-income commuters if their job is located in an EC. The fact that the population most likely to be public transport captive does not find this alternative as attractive as the middle-income segment needs further investigation for better policymaking.
Modal equity of accessibility to healthcare in Recife, Brazil
Authors: Cui Boer , Boisjoly Genevieve , Serra Bernardo , El-Geneidy Ahmed
Published: January 2022

In the context of increasing urbanization and income inequality, transport professionals in the Global South need to be prepared to effectively plan for the needs of various groups within the population, particularly for those regarding health and well-being. Accessibility is widely used as a performance measure for land use and transport systems; it measures people’s ease of reaching desired destinations and incorporates mode, time, and/or cost constraints. Considerable differences exist in the level of accessibility experienced by different mode users in reaching healthcare facilities, which calls for additional equity considerations given the prevailing socio-demographic characteristics of the users of various modes and the importance of healthcare facilities as a destination. In this study, we explore the distribution of accessibility to healthcare facilities by public transport and by car in Recife, Brazil, through an equity assessment to identify areas with low accessibility using these modes at different times of day. In general, the higher accessibility of public transport as well as greater modal equity was observed in central regions of Recife, whereas the periphery, where many low-income census tracts can be found, experiences significant inequity when it comes to access by both modes to healthcare facilities. This analysis allowed us to classify locations to access impoverished, access absolutely impoverished, and access impoverished by public transport areas, which can be targeted with appropriate land use and public transport policy interventions. This paper can be of value to professionals and researchers working toward equitable land use and transport systems in the Global South.
Australian Cultural and Creative Activity: A Population and Hotspot Analysis: Albury-Wodonga
Authors: McIntyre Phillip , Kerrigan Susan , McCutcheon Marion
Published: January 2022

Albury-Wodonga, situated in Wiradjuri country, sits astride the Murray River and has benefitted in many ways from its almost equidistance from Sydney and Melbourne. It has found strength in the earlier push for decentralisation begun in early 1970s. A number of State and Federal agencies have ensured middle class professionals now call this region home. Light industry is a feature of Wodonga while Albury maintains the traditions and culture of its former life as part of the agricultural squattocracy. Both Local Councils are keen to work cooperatively to ensure the region is an attractive place to live signing an historical partnership agreement. The region’s road, rail, increasing air links and now digital infrastructure, keep it closely connected to events elsewhere. At the same time its distance from the metropolitan centres has meant it has had to ensure that its creative and cultural life has been taken into its own hands. The establishment of the sophisticated Murray Art Museum Albury (MAMA) as well as the presence of the LibraryMuseum, Hothouse Theatre, Fruit Fly Circus, The Cube, Arts Space and the development of Gateway Island on the Murray River as a cultural hub, as well as the high profile activities of its energetic, entrepreneurial and internationally savvy locals running many small businesses, events and festivals, ensures Albury Wodonga has a creative heart to add to its rural and regional activities.
Australian Cultural and Creative Activity: A Population and Hotspot Analysis: Geelong and Surf Coast
Authors: Kerrigan Susan , McIntyre Phillip , McCutcheon Marion
Published: January 2022

Geelong and the Surf Coast are treated here as one entity although there are marked differences between the two communities. Sitting on the home of the Wathaurong Aboriginal group, this G21 region is geographically diverse. Geelong serviced a wool industry on its western plains, while manufacturing and its seaport past has left it as a post-industrial city. The Surf Coast has benefitted from the sea change phenomenon. Both communities have fast growing populations and have benefitted from their proximity to Melbourne. They are deeply integrated with this major urban centre. The early establishment of digital infrastructure proved an advantage to certain sectors. All creative industries are represented well in Geelong while many creatives in Torquay are embedded in the high profile and economically dominant surfing industry. The Geelong community is serviced well by its own creative industries with well-established advertising firms, architects, bookshops, gaming arcades, movie houses, music venues, newspaper headquarters, brand new and iconic performing and visual arts centres, libraries and museums, television and radio all accessible in its refurbished downtown area. Co-working spaces, collective practices and entrepreneurial activity are evident throughout the region.
Australian Cultural and Creative Activity: A Population and Hotspot Analysis: Coffs Harbour
Authors: McIntyre Phillip , Kerrigan Susan , McCutcheon Marion
Published: January 2022

Coffs Harbour on the north coast of NSW is a highway city sandwiched between the Great Dividing Range and the Pacific Ocean. For thousands of years it was the traditional land of the numerous Gumbaynggirr peoples. Tourism now appears to be the major industry, supplanting agriculture and timber getting, while a large service sector has grown up around a sizable retirement community. It is major holiday destination. Located further away from the coast in the midst of a dairy farming community, Bellingen has become a centre of alternative culture which relies heavily on a variety of festivals activated by energetic tree changers and numerous professionals who have relocated from Sydney. Both communities rely on the visitor economy and there have been considerable changes to how local government in this region approach strategic planning for arts and culture. The newly built Coffs Harbour Education Campus (CHEC) is an experiment in encouraging cross pollination between innovative businesses and education and incorporates TAFE NSW, Coffs Harbour Senior College and Southern Cross University as well as the Coffs Harbour Technology Park and Coffs Harbour Innovation Centre all on one site. The 250 seat Jetty Memorial Theatre is the main theatre in Coffs Harbour for local and touring productions while local halls and converted theatres are the mainstay of smaller communities in the region. As peak body Arts Mid North Coast reports, there is a good record of successful arts related events which range across all genres of music, art, sculpture, Aboriginal culture, street art, literature and even busking and opera. These are mainly managed by passionate local volunteers.
Possible protective role of L-thyroxin on the parotid gland of adult male albino rat in carbimazole induced hypothyroidism: histological, histomorphometry and ultrastructural study
Authors: Mostafa Shaimaa A.R.
Published: January 2022

This study was carried out to throw more light on the histological, biochemical and immunohistochemical changes in the parotid gland of the adult male albino rat, following oral administration of Carbimazole and possible protective role of Levothyroxine sodium (L-Thyroxin). Fifty-five adult male albino rats (Sprague Dawley) were used. They were divided into four groups and eleven subgroups; five rats each; Animals were sacrificed and parotid specimens were processed for light and electron microscopic examination. Administration of Carbimazole resulted in significant damage in the parotid, which was more obvious with longer duration; most of the serous acini had irregular outlines, widely separated with narrow lumen and cytoplasmic vacuoles. Some acinar cells contained irregular, pyknotic or hyperchromatic nuclei. The interlobular and striated ducts appeared disrupted and dilated with cellular infiltration. Oral administration of L-Thyroxin significantly improves histological changes, expression of B cell lymphocyte (Bcl-2) and decrease collagen in Mallory-stained sections as were confirmed statistically. Induction of L-Thyroxin resulted in significant mitigating effects on damage of parotid gland. The results indicate that thyroid hormones administration causes parotid gland adaptation by augmenting endogenous antioxidants and protects rat parotid gland from oxidative stress associated with carbimazole-induced hypothyroidism and parotid gland atrophy.
Surgical anatomy of the tricuspid valve
Authors: Cubas Santiago , Garretano Alejandra , Robaina Ricardo , Vázquez Leticia , Berke Andrés , Dayan Víctor
Published: January 2022

The aim of this study was to describe danger zones between the tricuspid annulus and the coronary sinus and the right coronary artery to be considered during tricuspid interventions. Methods: 36 hearts from human adult corpses were dissected. We measured the distance between the middle third of the anterosuperior (anterior) leaflet to the right coronary artery (distance 1), between the anteroinferior (anteroposterior) commissure to right coronary artery (distance 2), between the middle third of inferior (posterior) leaflet to the right coronary artery (distance 3) and between the middle third of the septal leaflet to the ostium of the coronary sinus (distance 4). Distances were compared between right and left coronary dominance. The average distance 1 was 5,32 mm (1-11 mm), the average distance 2 was 3,07 mm (0.5-7 mm), the average distance 3 was 2,53 mm (0.5-12 mm) and the average distance 4 was 8,55 mm (2.5-18 mm). 31 hearts had right dominance, 4 left dominance and 1 co-dominance. We found no statistically significant differences between hearts with right and left coronary dominance at either D1 (5.26±2.55 mm vs 6.62±1.80 mm, p=0.213) or D4 (8.55±3.91 mm vs 11.62±0.95 mm, p=0.064). The highest risk area of injuring the right coronary artery corresponds to the posterior annulus (distance 3). In hearts with left dominance, tricuspid annulus has a safer distance to the right coronary artery and coronary sinus and therefore may present a lower risk of right coronary artery involvement in surgical and endovascular procedures.
Matrizes teóricas e metodológicas da produção sobre diversidade cultural para audiovisual no Intercom Nacional de 2005 a 2015
Authors: Viana Livia Reginato , Cardoso Vivianne Lindsay , D'´Arcadia João Guilherme , De Carvalho Juliano Maurício
Published: January 2022

Este estudo é resultado de uma pesquisa de Iniciação Científica financiada pelo CNPq que teve como objetivo a identificação e sistematização de matrizes teóricas e metodológicas da produção intelectual brasileira sobre Diversidade Cultural nas Políticas Públicas de Comunicação para Audiovisual do período de dez anos (de 2005 a 2015). Adotou-se como metodologia a Revisão Integrativa. A amostra selecionada para análise foram os artigos encontrados nos anais do congresso nacional anual da Sociedade Brasileira de Estudos Interdisciplinares da Comunicação (Intercom). Os resultados apontaram os autores Néstor García Canclini e César Bolaño como os autores mais referenciados na amostra. E, a revisão bibliográfica em conjunto com outros processos de destaque como o levantamento histórico foi o método de pesquisa mais utilizado. Acerca do conceito de Diversidade Cultural as fundamentações mais recorrentes se fundam nos preceitos da UNESCO e da OMS.
Grupos focais online na pesquisa em comunicação
Authors: Martino Luís Mauro Sá , Duarte Silvia Lúcia Pereira
Published: January 2022

Este artigo delineia algumas das condições e limites da realização de grupos focais no ambiente digital, tomando como objeto empírico seis encontros realizados entre abril e junho de 2020. Parte de uma pesquisa sobre as mídias digitais do Exército Brasileiro, foram realizados virtualmente devido à pandemia de COVID-19. A partir dessa experiência empírica, foram observadas três características principais da realização dos grupos focais online: (1) houve uma perda parcial nas interações, decorrentes da mudança de um espaço físico para a mediação das telas, (2) a atividade da mediadora foi parcialmente dificultada pela diferença de ambiente; ao mesmo tempo (3) foi possível observar maior facilidade na reunião das pessoas e condução das atividades. Essas questões são exploradas a partir de uma perspectiva metodológica em intersecção com questões epistemológicas da Comunicação.
Aplicativos móveis de saúde para redução do comportamento sedentário
Authors: Ueno Deisy Terumi , Bonolo Angélica , Guimarães Jean Augusto Coelho , Christofoletti Ana Elisa Messetti , Nakamura Priscila Missaki , Kokubun Eduardo
Published: January 2022

O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar e agrupar informações de aplicativos móveis voltados para a redução do comportamento sedentário (CS) existentes nas plataformas iTunes e Google Play. O levantamento ocorreu em agosto de 2020, utilizando-se os termos relacionados ao CS. Foram encontrados 196 aplicativos, sendo a maioria disponível apenas em língua inglesa e gratuitos. Em geral, os aplicativos podem ser divididos em quatro categorias: a) alertas/lembretes para quebra do CS; b) Restrição de aplicativos e bloqueio de tela; c) Monitoramento do CS e; d) Controle parental do tempo de tela. Funções estas que corroboram as recomendações de estudos sobre CS, que recomendam a inclusão de intervenções comportamentais, monitoramento do tempo de tela e o envolvimento da família.
Joint-lever mechanism constructed on the basis of the properties of inverted transformations
Authors: Natbiladze Nia , Kavelashvili Alexander , Khachidze Murman
Published: January 2022

The paper presents a device designed by us based on geometric transformation, which provides synchronous rotational movement of the drive and drive rings and performs the operation of folding the sheet material with high degree of precision, which eliminates cases of jamming and damage, that are significant problems in modern machines. The complex nature of the working mechanisms of automated machines is simplified through the properties of geometric transformation-inversion. It is important to note that with the simplification of the construction of this mechanism, energy costs are reduced and durations are increased.
E-GOVERNANCE DEVELOPMENT AS A LEGITIMATION STRATEGY: A CONTENT ANALYSIS
Authors:   Ph.D. candidate, Faculty of Law and Political sciences, University of Szeged, Hungary, Kalkamanova Asem
Published: January 2022

This paper demonstrates that high level of e-governance in authoritarian regimes is a way to legitimate the rulers. On the other hand, one of the important functions of e-governance is the provision of official information to the public and mass media. Using the cases of two states Kazakhstan and Russia, I show how legitimation claims are conveyed through the official governmental websites. This paper uses content analysis to assess what legitimation strategies are used by Kazakhstan and Russia. The findings confirm earlier researchers’ claims that all types of authoritarian regimes strive to demonstrate high sectoral performance. Stressing high economic development, praising the achievements for each ministry has become the way to demonstrate their legitimacy. In addition, both countries almost equally underscore their international engagement. Nationalism ideals are more specific to Russian government than to Kazakhstani. While Kazakhstani government is more prone to feature personalistic legitimacy claims.
ANALYSIS OF SOME ASPECTS OF RELIGIOUS POLICY IN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Еrzhan ibrayev  , Maira Dyussembekova  ,   L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
Published: January 2022

Currently, representatives of more than 140 ethnic and 18 religious groups live together in Kazakhstan, among which favorable conditions for coexistence and development have been formed in the country. The development of religions in Kazakhstan is the result of a well-established state policy aimed at ensuring freedom of religion, spiritual progress, preservation and strengthening of civil peace and interfaith harmony in the country. Over the past two decades, the situation in the field of religions and interfaith relations has changed significantly. The analysis of the state and dynamics of the religious situation shows that the religiosity of the younger generation is increasing. Moreover, it increases not only due to the natural need of the individual for spiritual self-determination, but also due to the activities of pseudo-religious organizations that seek to destroy the generally accepted cultural and spiritual traditions that have developed in society. In this regard, this article analyzes the results of a sociological survey, the purpose of which is to determine the opinion of citizens on some aspects of state policy in the religious sphere.
WHAT COMES NEXT: CENTRAL ASIAN VIOLENT EXTREMIST GROUPS AND DRUG TRAFFICKING AFTER THE FALL OF KABUL
Authors:   Caspian Policy Center, Elliott Susan , Hoagland Richard ,   Caspian Policy Center, Lehmann Daniel ,   Caspian Policy Center
Published: January 2022

The withdrawal of the international forces from Afghanistan will likely increase the role of Central Asian violent extremist groups in the production and transit of illicit goods to and from Afghanistan. While violent extremist groups will maintain the capacity to inspire and perhaps, even carry out limited attacks in Central Asian republics in the short to medium term, their capacity will be limited. Conversely, given the Taliban's control of the majority of Afghanistan, these same groups will play an increasingly important role in the multi-billion-dollar drug trade stemming from the country. The future of Afghanistan is still far from decided but Central Asian violent extremist organizations will likely play a role in whatever is to come.
The Impact of Deceptive Online Advertising During the Pandemic in Bangladesh: A Study of Consumer Perceptions
Authors: Shahrukh Tasneem
Published: January 2022

This paper is a mixed-method study that aims to investigate the influence of deceptive online advertising on Dhaka residents in Bangladesh, as well as the relevant approach to society and consumption culture. The fundamental assumption is how viewers respond to television and social media advertising that attempt to promote items and services by deception. The study sought to determine whether advertising affects the population's social and cultural characteristics and how society responds to the deceit found in advertisements by recording the perceptions of denizens. It also analyzes how deception in advertisements reduces the stereotypes in the mindset of consumers. The research was conducted to investigate the reinforcement of deceptive internet advertisements and how residents of Dhaka elicit reactions and appeals from viewers when exposed to these commercials. The statistical data has been derived from an anonymous survey questionnaire designed to better understand the targeted audience's shared belief system and actions. The paper attempts to provide an unbiased view regarding the presence of deception in advertising during the increased online shopping among citizens of Dhaka during the COVID-19 pandemic.
FUNKTIONSVIELFALT UND FUNKTIONSERWEITERUNG: ZU HABEN IM DEUTSCHEN
Authors: CRIVĂȚ Bogdana
Published: January 2022

The present paper highlights the sui generis character of the ubiquitous verb haben, which displays a broad spectrum of heterogeneous functions in contemporary German, starting with the expression of possession, going through existence, locality and characteristic assignment, continuing with its desemanticised use in fixed expressions and idioms and ending with its auxiliary role for the perfective aspect and for modal obligation. Having undergone several metaphorical transfers and grammaticalisation processes, the word has changed more and more into a mere connective item, establishing an unspecified relation between two entities. Haben-sentence patterns are canonical transitive structures, although the verb is neither grammatically, nor semantically a transitive one. Utterances with haben prove to be basically grammaticalised structures of the general linguistic strategy of person prominence, in which the human being is encoded in topical position as grammatical subject of the sentence.
الإسلوب النبوي : عوامله المكونة و خصائصه الفريدة
Authors: عبد الرحمن محمد سراج
Published: January 2022

الإسلوب النبوي : عوامله المكونة و خصائصه الفريدة

The research has tackled the prophetic style of prophet Mohamed prayer be upon him.

It shows that he has been the most eloquent o* Arabs in his tongue and the strongest in argument .He is the most wonderful in speech and explantion and the most wonderful in style and the clearest in thought.

The research has tackled the factors that affected bringing up of the prophet showing his birth ,growing up and the environmental effect on him and the surrounding culture .The research found out that the main factor affecting his growth,beside the other factors is that God has shouldred the prophet’s education, learning and his growth - he is God made.

Then the research showed seme samples of his wonderful style.

.Then the results and recommendations
Percepções sobre lâminas de pedra polidas no YouTube
Authors: Fernandes Henry Luydy Abraham , Souza Gustavo Neves de
Published: January 2022

O artigo toma como objeto de pesquisa lâminas de pedra polidas exibidas em canais de vídeos do YouTube. O objetivo é compreender as narrativas populares espontâneas presentes neste ambiente virtual a respeito desse artefato arqueológico bastante comum. A partir desse corpo de dados, extrai das imagens, das legendas e dos comentários as categorizações ali construídas sobre essas peças. Identifica as principais características destacadas pelos internautas, bem como as vertentes conflitantes desses discursos. Por fim, avalia os vários graus de entrelaçamento e/ou ruptura entre o senso comum e as concepções formais de ciências, tentando mostrar as possibilidades de obter o conhecimento tendo por base aqueles dados disponíveis no YouTube.