bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New and Noteworthy: Philanthropy and Libraries
Authors: Bartlett Jennifer Ann
Published: September 2022

A review of several recent articles, books, and websites on the topic of philanthropy and fundraising in libraries and information organizations.
Career Progression for Librarians and Archivists Without Faculty Status: A New Model
Authors: Bailey Jody , Brock Ruthie , George-Williams Sylvia , Johnson Lynn F. , Holmes Ramona , Scalf Heather
Published: September 2022

In 2013, the dean of Libraries at the University of Texas at Arlington (UTA) Libraries formed a task force composed of six librarians and charged them with completely overhauling the career progression policy for librarians and archivists that had been in place since 1995. The task force devised a new policy and a scoring rubric to assist the committee that makes recommendations regarding promotions in their evaluation process. This article describes the process of developing the policy and its accompanying rubric as well as their contents and recounts lessons learned during the first round of evaluations of candidates for promotion.
Beyond Orientation: A Look at Scheduled Time and Unscheduled Time in a New Librarian’s First Sixty Days
Authors: Tokarz Rayla E.
Published: September 2022

Some new librarians feel alone and are not excited about the orientation process, but library science literature is focused on this first phase of employment and its importance. This article is a self-reflection of one librarian’s allocation of scheduled time and unscheduled time in the first sixty days of employment and its possible role beyond the orientation process. The analysis of the librarian’s time within the first sixty days showed a balance between scheduled time and unscheduled time. The analysis also showed that only 5% of the first sixty days was spent in a formal orientation program. The new librarian experienced a stronger sense of employee engagement than previous positions that did not have a balanced time allocation.
Project Management in Libraries
Authors: Bartlett Jennifer A.
Published: September 2022

This issue's "New and Noteworthy" column focuses on several books, journal articles, and websites that will serve as an introduction to project management in library and information organization settings.
Creating an Organizationally Embedded Strategic Communication Plan for Libraries
Authors: Rossmann Doralyn
Published: September 2022

This is the first in a series of articles appearing in Library Leadership & Management that provides library leaders with an outline for creating a sustainable and consistent communication plan across all platforms and venues. Going beyond traditional marketing and branding, this series suggests a comprehensive approach to communication - both to people and to the computer networks that people use – for everyday communication, for disaster planning, and for the library’s strategic endeavors. There are many elements that can communicate and convey a library’s identity and values – social media posts, budget structures, library guides, strategic plans, etc. A coordinated and strategic plan for communication and outreach will strengthen your library’s value by creating a common experience and understanding by your library community, including library patrons, boards, administrators, and donors as well as internet search engines, social media networks, and their users. This plan will keep the library focused on objectives from the strategic plan and not straying beyond the plan, which could otherwise drain resources from what is trying to be achieved. This first article outlines the purpose and development of a library’s values, mission, and vision statements, a strategic plan, a communication plan, and the embedding of that plan in organizational culture. Subsequent articles explore offshoots of this communication including budgeting message and presentation, social media strategies, and search engine optimization and semantic web identity.
Learning from Crucible Moments: Lessons in Crisis Leadership
Authors: Bell Steven J.
Published: September 2022

Access to formal and informal leadership education and mentoring all contribute to the development of library leaders. Though crisis leadership may be discussed in leadership training, it is often the case that experiencing and leading through crises is the primary way in which most library leaders gain skill in managing these challenging situations. If we learn through our mistakes, then crisis leadership is surely a shining example of this principle for leaders are most apt to falter when finding themselves in the crucible. This article presents the crisis situation in which leaders are subjected to the changes forged in the crucible, as an opportunity for leaders to learn, gain wisdom and grow professionally, even when their performance may falter. It also presents the dark times crisis as a newer type of situation leaders will increasingly confront and for which they will find it difficult to adequately prepare. Different crisis scenarios are presented along with recommendations for how leaders can best manage and learn from them.
The 21st Century Academic Library: Six Metaphors for a New Age
Authors: Guthro Clem
Published: September 2022

No abstract
Communities of Practice as a Professional Development Tool for Management and Leadership Skills in Libraries
Authors: Weltin Heather , Graff Schultz Nancy
Published: September 2022

In 2012, the University of Wisconsin-Madison's General Libraries developed a community of practice to improve management and leadership skills in staff. This article examines the theories behind communities of practice, the process used by UW-Madison to establish the communities of practice and the results.
Using the Start | Stop | Continue Framework to Improve Library Operations
Authors: Bednar Magen , Robbins Sarah
Published: September 2022

The Start|Stop|Continue Framework is a powerful tool for structuring conversations to elicit honest input from library personnel at all levels. Adapting this framework for team discussions rather than individual feedback enables libraries to create opportunities for meaningful engagement and meaningful improvement to library operations.
How Can We Serve You Better: Customers’ Perceptions of Services and Facilities Offered in a Community Library
Authors: Ho Henry W.L.
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study is to understand residents’ perceptions of the Big Rapids Community Library (BRCL). The study uses a quantitative online survey to investigate the perceptions of local residents who use this community library. The survey focuses on questions directly related to the services and facilities offered to BRCL customers. The results of the survey indicate that residents’ income levels affect their visits to the library. In addition, female residents view access to a community library as more important than their male counterparts do. This project has important policy implications for BRCL and other community libraries because data on customers’ perceptions and satisfaction are increasingly being used to motivate service reforms, budget allocations, and management accountability. In addition, this intention by BRCL can be treated as a “best practice” model for other community libraries trying to build better relationships with their customers.
Welcome Aboard: A Program for Improving the New Hire Experience for Academic Librarians
Authors: Winterman Mitch , Bucy Rosalind
Published: September 2022

New hire orientation often consists of a checklist of tasks but does little to integrate a new employee to the organization. Previous research indicates that organizational socialization is key to successful onboarding, but few models exist for libraries to support this aspect of a new hire’s experience. This article shares an onboarding program adopted by one academic library and discusses the results of an assessment of the new program for newly hired librarians. Findings indicate that a structured onboarding program can improve organizational socialization during a librarian’s first months on the job.
The Favor of the People: What Library Leaders can Learn from The Prince
Authors: Martin Jason
Published: September 2022

The Prince by Niccolò Machiavelli is as relevant to leaders today as it was when it was written in the 16th Century. The main message of Machiavelli is to keep the people you lead happy. This runs counter to the incomplete and superficial understanding many people have of Machiavelli. The Prince describes six ways to keep people happy: be a good leader and a competent professional, build and maintain relationships with people, stop problems before they start, empower people, have strong values and high standards, and have a vision. This article will briefly explore each of these areas and describe their importance to library leaders.
Establishing Shared Purpose: Developing Unit Specific Mission, Vision, and Values in an Academic Library
Authors: Hypes Shelly , Harris Ryan , Otis Stephanie
Published: September 2022

In a large, public university library, the leadership team for Public Services wanted to provide a solid foundation for communication, collaboration, and shared decision making. In pursuit of that goal, the two groups within Public Services undertook to develop mission, vision, and values statements to highlight their unique purpose and provide direction for their work. Each group developed a unique and self-directed process of brainstorming and consensus building workshops and meetings; respecting and honoring the differences between the groups was an essential step in establishing shared values and successful cross-unit communication. These smaller group processes will later come to inform the work and collaborations of the unit as a whole and have already led to productive conversations and improvements in group communication. Reflecting on the process and products has allowed the unit as a whole to find and focus on commonalities in their values and work. This experiential report will provide definitions and guiding questions to serve as models for those working in academic libraries that wish to guide the development of these defining statements within their own particular context.
Leading Others To Lead: The Importance Of Staff Empowerment In Times Of Change
Authors: Alexander Stephanie , Wakimoto Diana K.
Published: September 2022

Change management can be one of the most difficult aspects of library leadership with well-known issues and challenges, such as inertia, fear, and resistance to change. However, by embracing change management as a long-term program for building trust, communication, and empowerment of staff, library leaders can create environments where change not only happens but is embraced by all levels of the library hierarchy. In this article, the authors share their work and research as part of a library staff empowered by their library dean to guide the formation and piloting of public service model changes due to the planning of a new library building. Library leaders can use these insights as they work with their staff to implement change at their libraries.
Making Your Case: A Practical Approach for Managers on Getting Funding and Support
Authors: Eskridge Honora N.
Published: September 2022

Middle and senior management positions come with many challenges, but one of the biggest is in garnering support and funding for new initiatives. A manager is given a staff and a budget and is expected to utilize effectively both sets of resources to achieve certain priorities. However, when it comes to new programs and innovations that require additional resources, managers are typically on their own in terms of how to make that happen. They are expected to shift resources, and this is especially true in times of shrinking budgets. This pressure has been the root of failure for many good managers, and it can lead some to stop seeking challenges and opportunities to innovate. It may seem as if the ability to get funding is a mysterious gift – some people have it, others don’t. However, with practice, anyone can learn to be more effective at obtaining resources. This paper will discuss a practical approach that can be applied to any situation.
The Perceptions of Librarians in Regional Universities in Texas Regarding Leadership Development Experiences
Authors: Shin Yumi , Shelton Kaye
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this phenomenological narrative study was to examine Texas regional university librarians’ perceptions of leadership development experiences in order to provide better library services to patrons from all backgrounds. The selected ten academic librarians were interviewed either face-to-face or virtually with in-depth questions about leadership development. The interviews were analyzed to understand the essence of the participants’ experiences and divided into different themes to find patterns. The findings revealed the participants’ perceptions regarding the need for leadership development, their participation in leadership opportunities, and the obstacles to attaining leadership development. Implications included the need for more administrative support and for changes to library school curricula.
Exploring Internal Communication in Public Libraries: Challenges and Opportunities for Library Leaders
Authors: Wakimoto Diana K.
Published: September 2022

Effective internal communication is essential to library staff being able to fulfill their duties, work together as a cohesive unit, and carry out the library’s mission. However, there is often a lack of coordinated focus on clear internal communication that includes all staff members in libraries. This can create environments where there is disconnect among staff and library departments leading to rumor mills and lowering morale. This exploratory study looked at the current state of internal library communications in public libraries and ideas to improve internal communications. Library leadership has the potential to create environments and cultures where internal communication is effective and supports library staff, their work, and the effective functioning of the library as a whole.
Mentoring Experience of Academic Librarians: A Pilot Study of Mentorship in Academic Libraries
Authors: Freedman Shin
Published: September 2022

Librarians have embraced the critical role mentoring can play in the professional growth, socialization and leadership development for academic libraries. The author sought to understand mentoring experiences in career and professional development and psychosocial functions as well as barriers to entering mentoring relationships in New England academic libraries. Surveys sent to academic librarians at Association of College and Research Libraries/New England Chapter News Group invited them to share their experiences with mentoring relationships and its benefits. The study suggests that few structured formal mentoring programs from their own libraries exist for librarians outside of professional associations’ mentoring programs. Additionally, results suggest that the mentoring program antecedents of library organizational culture, prior positive mentoring experience are the main influencing factors for successful implementation of mentoring programs.
Revisiting Strategy in a Time of Crisis
Authors: Smith Gregory A
Published: September 2022

The season of upheaval brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic is a critical occasion for libraries to revisit their organizational strategies. Strategy includes two complementary dimensions: alignment with the environment and the pursuit of competitive advantage. Rapid changes in the environment call for practicing strategic thinking iteratively rather than engaging in a fixed rhythm of multi-year planning. An effective library strategy displays four key attributes: (1) It responds to the concerns of diverse stakeholders. (2) It is flexible enough to adapt to emerging conditions. (3) It enacts organizational mission but can also help to reshape it. (4) It integrates with organization development to achieve success with and through people.
Write Now! Managing Change and Increasing Research in an Academic Library
Authors: Soehner Catherine B , Paiva Marie , Donnelly Madison
Published: September 2022

New and innovative technologies have expanded librarian roles and expertise to include virtual learning, chat reference, online research guides, maker spaces, virtual reality, and more. Change is a consistent part of working in any library, and effectively managing change often has a learning curve for library administrators. Change Management theory is popular amongst business leaders, but could these theories work in libraries as well?

In 2017, Library Administration at Marriott Library designed a Change Management program based on the theories of Todd Jick, a nationally-recognized expert in organizational change management. Their goal was to increase the overall amount of scholarly research publications and creative products librarian faculty completed each year.

The authors conducted a multi-year research project, hypothesizing that by implementing Jick’s framework, librarian faculty would create more scholarly work. Data was collected from faculty’s self-reported research profiles, survey feedback from research retreats and workshops, and web traffic from staff intranet pages. An analysis of the results indicated a steady increase in research and scholarly output, and an overall positive response to the research change program.
Libraries Taking a Lead
Authors: Arthur-Smith Peter Anthony
Published: September 2022

At the April 22nd, 2021, ALA Monthly Webinar meeting led by President Julius Jefferson, we heard several incredible stories about how many US libraries had connected with their local communities to offset the effects of the pandemic. Then, in his Making a Difference article in the May 2021 American Libraries edition, he highlighted the $7.2 billion Emergency Connectivity Fund recently passed by Congress that includes funding for library services related to devices and broadband internet for library patrons. The combination of both underscores what can be accomplished by community libraries, as well as what can potentially be achieved by community library leaders and their teams with this incredible new funding. It’s a once in a generation opportunity not to be wasted.
Assessment of Training and Development of Library Staff in Federal University Libraries in Nigeria
Authors: Izah Maimuna
Published: September 2022

The study assessed the training and development strategies employed in federal university libraries. The survey method was adopted for this study using questionnaire as instrument for data collection. The stratified random sampling technique was used to come up with the six federal universities selected from each of the six geopolitical zones in Nigeria. The responses were analysed descriptively using frequency distribution and percentages table, while the inferential statistics were analysed using ANOVA. The result of the study showed that the training strategies most employed by the federal university libraries are on-the job training and skills training. It is recommended that federal university libraries should adopt best practices, by encouraging university library staff to go for training outside the university or abroad to acquire technical skills which can increase their technical abilities and improve their job related competencies
Meeting a Need: Piloting a Mentoring Program for History Librarians
Authors: Binder Amanda , O'Neill Brittany , Willey Malia
Published: September 2022

Mentoring is a mainstay of librarianship. Professional organizations can offer specific guidance for librarians through mentoring programs. This article describes the development and assessment of a mentoring program for history librarians by the Academic Librarians Committee of the Reference & Users Services Association’s History Section. The study examines the findings from a survey of participants. Respondents indicated overall that the program was beneficial. Mentors and mentees who interacted through web conferencing tended to report higher satisfaction. The responses suggest improved practices for future iterations of this program, including evaluating the process for pairing mentoring matches, creating an onboarding process, providing more structure for communication, and considering the potential of peer mentoring. These findings could be applied to other mentoring programs for librarians.
Using Search Advocates to Mitigate Bias in Hiring: An Interview with Anne Gillies
Authors: Weak Emily
Published: September 2022

A commitment to Diversity, Equity and Inclusion requires eliminating bias in hiring. Eliminating bias requires training, tools and cultural change. This interview with Anne Gillies of Oregon State University’s Search Advocates provides a nuanced understanding of how search practices reinforce bias and how she has operationalized a program that has the capacity to create deep cultural change. Interviewed by Emily Weak of Hiring Librarians, she outlines her program’s philosophy, as well as its origins and the challenges in measuring outcomes. Her program has found footing in academic libraries, but managers in public and other library types will benefit from understanding her methods.
A batalha da comunicação na campanha da anistia
Authors: Castilho Marcio de Souza
Published: September 2022

Este artigo tem o objetivo de examinar o espaço ocupado pela comunicação no trabalho desempenhado pelos Comitês Brasileiros pela Anistia (CBAs), polo aglutinador das forças de oposição no contexto de intensas negociações entre os militares, as elites políticas e a sociedade civil organizada sobre os rumos do processo de liberalização política no final dos anos 1970. A partir de um percurso metodológico baseado em fontes bibliográficas e documentais, buscamos observar as condições em que as estratégias dos CBAs neste campo foram concebidas e executadas e as relações de força estabelecidas com o aparato repressivo do regime, no recorte 1978-1980. Além de ações destinadas a produzir impacto mais imediato no debate sobre o projeto de anistia, o estudo sustenta que uma das principais contribuições do repertório comunicativo usado pelos comitês relacionou-se com a produção de memória sobre as violências políticas e a reivindicação do direito à verdade sobre as torturas, mortes e desaparecimentos forçados ocorridos nos primeiros 15 anos da ditadura.
O significante racial: anistia, reparação e justiça
Authors: Ventura Tereza
Published: September 2022

O artigo aponta as tensões e continuidades entre os movimentos por justiça, verdade, responsabilização criminal e histórica do Estado Brasileiro e a permanência legítima dos atos de exceção cometidos por agentes públicos sobre a população afrodescendente. Mostra-se a participação do movimento negro no Congresso pela Anistia e a busca pelo reconhecimento dos afrodescendentes como vítimas da violência cotidiana praticada por agentes do Estado. Colocou-se em pauta neste Congresso, a relação entre a violência, o racismo e o apagamento histórico do legado da escravização do afrodescendente no Brasil. O artigo explora as iniciativas de reconhecimento de violação de direitos humanos conduzidas pelo poder público no curso da democracia e a luta por reparação ancorada no sentimento de indignação aliado ao discurso testemunhal das vítimas. Durante a democracia, as lutas por reparação preenchem novas formas de agência, que não apelam pela desconstrução dos arquivos do passado, mas por aquilo que Benjamin chamou de um passado permeado de “agoras” que não se restitui, mas que nem por isso se torna ausente. Mostramos que as iniciativas reparatórias do Estado legitimam uma relação meramente instrumental com as vítimas, reificando a história, a vulnerabilidade e a verdade dos vencido.
O ensino de história dos traumas sociais coletivos e dos temas socialmente vivos: trajetórias de um campo disciplinar
Authors: Schurster Karl , Araújo Rafael Pinheiro de
Published: September 2022

O ensino de história de traumas coletivos e das questões socialmente vivas disseminou-se na historiografia a partir da década de 1960. Contribuíram para isso a difusão de pesquisas realizadas na Alemanha e França sobre a experiência nacional-socialista e a historicização do Holocausto, cujo evento foi enquadrado no interior do campo de estudos dos genocídios. Na França e no Brasil, as reflexões sobre este tema almejaram a necessária compreensão dos traumas coletivos e os seus impactos sociais. Em nossa análise, as reflexões sobre estes conceitos são necessárias em razão da banalização do debate sobre os fascismos históricos e outros traumas coletivos em nosso tempo presente. As preocupações decorrentes deste cenário, desafiador aos historiadores e ao processo de ensino-aprendizagem na sala de aula, nos motivaram a apresentar as reflexões realizadas neste artigo, que apresentou algumas perspectivas sobre o ensino de história dos traumas sociais coletivos e dos temas socialmente vivos.
Produção fotográfica e usos sociais: a fotografia orgânica de uma missão de paz da ONU (1957-1967)
Authors: Arraes Ricardo
Published: September 2022

Este artigo é um esforço de longo tempo. Tecido nas dobraduras de quase duas décadas de intensa pesquisa nos arquivos da Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU), da Associação Brasileira dos Integrantes do Batalhão Suez (Abibs) e nas dezenas de acervos fotográficos que tive a oportunidade de acessar e/ou que me foram cedidos graciosamente pelos soldados fotógrafos da Missão Suez. Aqui, procuramos discutir alguns aspectos da prática fotográfica empreendida no contexto da primeira Missão de Paz promovida pela ONU na fronteira árabe-israelense, na Península do Sinai (na fronteira Palestina-Israel) entre os anos de 1957 e 1967. De um modo geral, a produção fotográfica dos soldados tornou-se uma excitação especial para aqueles fotógrafos amadores. A preferência pelas fotografias enfatiza o seu caráter multidisciplinar e nos dá uma oportunidade especial para realizar um recall histórico da chamada Missão Suez a partir delas. As fotografias de Suez são entendidas para além de mera lembrança de velhos, mas são percebidas enquanto uma marca cultural daquele passado que nos trazem à tona.
Los antecedentes a la Ley de Cooperativas de 9 de septiembre de 1931
Authors: Pino Abad Miguel
Published: September 2022

En el presente artículo se analizan los diferentes antecedentes normativos que se redactaron en España previos a la ley de cooperativas de 1931. El punto de partida se encuentra en el proyecto de Joaquín Díaz de Rábago a fines del siglo XIX, con el que quiso superar las deficiencias de que adolecía sobre esta materia tanto el Código de Comercio de 1885 como la ley de asociaciones de 1887. Proyecto que no cristalizó, como tampoco el anteproyecto que se elaboró por una comisión nombrada en 1925 y en la que desempeñó un papel fundamental Antonio Gascón y Miramón. Tras este nuevo fracaso, se sucedieron otros intentos con igual resultado negativo hasta que poco después de proclamarse la Segunda República española se promulgó, a instancias del ministro de Trabajo Largo Caballero, el decreto de 4 de julio de 1931, que el 9 de septiembre se elevó a la categoría de ley.
Numerical study on discharge characteristics of atmospheric dielectric barrier discharges by integrating machine learning
Authors: Ai Fei  , Liu Zhi-Bing  , Zhang Yuan-Tao  ,   School of Electrical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, China
Published: September 2022

In recent years, with the development of gas discharge technology at atmospheric pressure, the application of low temperature plasma has drawn widespread concern in pollution prevention, disinfection, sterilization, energy conversion and other fields. Atmospheric dielectric barrier discharge is widely used to produce low-temperature plasmas in various applications, which is usually numerically investigated by fluid models. The unique advantages of machine learning in various branches of physics have been discovered with the advancement of big data processing technology. Recent studies have shown that artificial neural networks with multiple hidden layers have a pivotal role in the simulation of complex datasets. In this paper, a fully connected multilayer BP network together with a universal hidden layer structure is developed to explore the characteristics of one or more current pulses per half voltage cycle of atmospheric dielectric barrier discharge. The calculated data are used as training sets, and the discharge characteristics such as current density, electron density, ion density, and electric field of atmospheric dielectric barrier discharge can be quickly predicted by means of artificial neural network program. The computational results show that, for a given training set, the constructed machine learning program can describe the properties of atmospheric dielectric barrier discharge with almost the same accuracy as the fluid model. Also, the computational efficiency of the machine learning is much higher than that of the fluid model. In addition, the use of machine learning programs can also greatly extend the calculation range of parameters. Limited discharge parameter range is considered a major challenge for numerical calculation. By substituting a relatively limited set of training data obtained from the fluid model into the machine learning, the discharge characteristics can be accurately predicted within a given range of discharge parameters, leading to the generation of an almost infinite set of data, which is of great significance for studying the influence of discharge parameters on discharge evolution. The examples in this paper show that the combination of machine learning and fluid models can greatly improve the computational efficiency, which can enhance the understanding of discharge plasmas.
Identification and expression profile analysis of the SnRK2 gene family in cucumber
Authors: Wan Zilong , Luo Shilei , Zhang Zeyu , Liu Zeci , Qiao Yali , Gao Xueqin , Yu Jihua , Zhang Guobin
Published: September 2022

The sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase 2 (SnRK2) is a plant-specific type of serine/threonine protein kinase that plays an important role in the physiological regulation of stress. The objective of this study was to identify and analyze the members of the SnRK2 gene family in cucumber and lay a foundation for further exploration of the mechanism of CsSnRK2 resistance to stress. Here, 12 SnRK2 genes were isolated from cucumber and distributed on five chromosomes, phylogenetic clustering divided these into three well-supported clades. In addition, collinearity analysis showed that the CsSnRK2 gene family underwent purifying selection pressure during evolution. CsSnRK2 genes of the same group have similar exons and conserved motifs, and intron length may be a specific imprint for the evolutionary amplification of the CsSnRK2 gene family. By predicting cis elements in the promoter, we found that the promoter region of CsSnRK2 gene members had various cis-regulatory elements in response to hormones and stress. Relative expression analysis showed that CsSnRK2.11 (group II) and CsSnRK2.12 (group III) were strongly induced by ABA, NaCl and PEG stress; whereas CsSnRK2.2 (group III) was not activated by any treatment. The response of group I CsSnRK2 to ABA, NaCl and PEG was weak. Furthermore, protein interaction prediction showed that multiple CsSnRK2 proteins interacted with four proteins including protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C), and it is speculated that the CsSnRK2 genes may also an independent role as a third messenger in the ABA signaling pathway. This study provides a reference for analyzing the potential function of CsSnRK2 genes in the future research.
Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation in Pulmonary Hypertension: Experience in a Referral Center
Authors: Lardiés Julieta , Litewka Diego , Andreu Mauro F. , Gandino Ignacio , Morelli María E. , Navarro Belén , Gómez Luis E. , Atamañuk Andrés
Published: September 2022

Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) comprises a heterogeneous group of diseases resulting in disability and increased morbidity and mortality. Cardiopulmonary rehabilitation (CR) is a therapeutic resource not widely used in this condition. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a CR program on a walking test and on the quality of life in patients with group 1 and group 4 PH Methods: Patients were evaluated before and after the intervention with the six-minute walk test (6MWT) and Saint George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). The program consisted of 8 weeks of supervised exercises within the institution. Results: Nineteen patients with precapillary PH diagnosed by right heart catheterization were included; 18 were women (94.7%) with a mean age of 45.5 ± 14.3 years. Thirteen (68.4%) patients had group 1 PH and 6 (31.6%) had group 4 PH. There were statistically significant changes in the 6MWT [mean difference (MD) 31 ±27.3 m; p<0.001], and in the SGRQ (MD 8.2 ± 10.2; p<0.01). No adverse events were reported during the program. Conclusions: Our study suggests that a supervised CR program in patients with PH could improve the distance walked and the quality of life.
Perinatal Outcome with Isolated Oligohydramnios in Term Pregnancies: A Case-control Study from a District Hospital of Southern India
Authors: Amani Cheruku , Gopinath Sowmya , Gururaja Suman Meenakshi
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Oligohydramnios is an abnormality of amniotic fluid which is one of the common complications during pregnancy and a threat to foetal development. Often it is associated with maternal risk factors like uteroplacental insufficiency, hypertension and preeclampsia which by themselves can affect perinatal outcome. Aim: To determine the perinatal outcome in isolated oligohydramnios with Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI) ≤5cm at term pregnancies. Materials and Methods: This was a hospital-based prospective case-control study done in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at District Hospital Tumakuru, Karnataka, India, from January 2019 to July 2020. The study included two groups i.e, case group included 150 pregnant females with Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI) ≤5 cm and control group included 150 pregnant females with AFI range between 6-24 cm. After interview of all participants, all the information was entered in the proforma. All newborn babies birth weight, APGAR scores (Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, and Respiration) at 1st and 5th minute was recorded. Categorical outcomes were compared between the groups using Chi-square test. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean age was 23.16±3.09 years in case group and it was 23.42±2.99 years in control group, the difference of age between study group was statistically not significant (p-value=0.460). Abnormal doppler in 19.33% of cases versus 6% of controls (p-value<0.001). Non reactive Non Stress Test (NST) was seen in 46.67% versus 10.67% in control group (p-value<0.001). The foetal distress as a cause for caesarean section was seen in 64.8% cases group in comparison with 23.9% of control group. Low birth weight was found in 58.67% of cases versus 30% in control groups (p-value<0.001). Low APGAR scores (<7) were seen in 24.67% of case group versus 5.33% in control groups. The difference in the proportion of APGAR score at 5 minutes between study group was statistically significant (p-value<0.001) Neonatal intensive care unit admissions were seen in 42.67% of cases versus 12.67% in controls (p-value<0.001). Perinatal deaths was in 5.33% in cases versus 0.67% in controls (p-value=0.017). Conclusion: Isolated oligohydramnios was a significant risk factor during term pregnancies. Incidence of operative deliveries (instrumental vaginal delivery and caesarean section) is significantly increased in these patients with significant increase in perinatal morbidity and mortality.
Financial Inclusion in India: A Regional and District Level Analysis
Authors: Nautiyal Tanya , Ismail Saba
Published: September 2022

Financial Inclusion aims at including all sections of society into the ambit of basic banking services. Since 2005, RBI has made several efforts to enhance financial inclusion across India. The study has analyzed the progress of various parameters of financial inclusion in all six regions of India from 2000 to 2018. The research also attempts to analyze the degree of relationship between financial inclusion and social development variables in India with the help of multiple regression models and Dummy variables. The result of the research unveils that literacy rate and urbanization are significant factors whereas the population is found to be an insignificant factor in determining the level of financial inclusion. The study concludes that the south region leads in all the parameters of financial inclusion in all the years and the northeast region remain on the lowest scale.
Small Ruminants Coccidiosis in High Altitude Region of Iran
Authors: Karimzadeh Maryam , Kojouri Gholamali , Azizi Hamidreza , Pirali Yaser , Shiran Behrouz
Published: September 2022

Coccidiosis (Eimeria spp.) is a parasite disease in small ruminants that causes diarrhea and reduced economic benefits. The purpose of this epidemiological study was to use microscopical and molecular assays to detect coccidia prevalence and isolate species-specific Eimeria from sheep and goats kept in a common pan in the central Zagros region. This region is a mountainous and cold region which its southern counties are warmer than other districts. Throughout the course of several seasons, 1200 fecal samples were obtained from three age groups (less than six months, six to twelve months, and more than six months). Oocytes were counted using saturated saline floating and modified MacMaster techniques and the physical characteristics of sporulated Eimeria oocytes were used to identify them. Eimeria infection was shown to be more prevalent in sheep than in goats, with the highest prevalence in spring and the lowest in winter. Females and animals younger than 6 months were similarly found to be more susceptible to coccidiosis than males and older animals (P<0.05). In comparison to the southern area, the western and eastern counties had the highest rates of oocyst excretion in sheep and goats, respectively. In addition, a total of fourteen Eimeria species were isolated, including the highly pathogenic Eimeria granulosa for sheep and E. jolchijevi for goats. These findings explain how coccidia prevalence varies with age, season, and geographic direction, and use of PCR to rule out the possibility of co-infection between sheep and goats kept in the same stall.
Colonialism and Its Implication on the African Family Stability in Embu North Sub-County of Kenya from 1895 to 1965
Authors: Kaaria Lizza Nkirote , Kithinji Caroline Mucece , Nkonge Dickson Kagema
Published: September 2022

Family value system is the basic foundation on which stable societies are created. Sustaining the authentic traditional family value system in a wave of change as strong as western imperialism called for a society that was ready to struggle to retain their culture. This study is on colonialism and its’ implication on the African family stability in Embu North Sub-County of Kenya from 1895 to 1965. The study employed the descriptive research design. Data was obtained from oral, archival and secondary sources. The researcher interviewed a total of 50 respondents who were purposively sampled using snowballing technique. The study corroborated data from oral, archival and secondary sources to ensure the validity and reliability of the study. The discussion starts with aspects of the traditional values that existed among the Aembu by the time colonialism was imposed on Kenya in 1920, advances to how these aspects were executed in family and communal life among the Aembu and moves to how the Aembu were able to retain these family practices and values during the colonial period of 1920 to 1965. Cultural Evolution theory was used to examine colonialism and its implications on the African family stability in the area of study. The findings of the study were that there were family values that the Aembu people maintained before and during colonialism like circumcision (especially female circumcision), the culture of dowry payment, naming system, hospitality, and polygamy; that these family values were evident in their cultural traditions and practices and served to explain their unique African identity, were held in high regard, passed the test of time and were preserved from 1920 to 1965. This study has Contributed to the colonial historiography of the Aembu of Embu North Sub-County, Kenya.
Contemporary Preservice Mathematics Teachers’ Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge Levels in Perspective: Self-reported Survey
Authors: Apawu Jones
Published: September 2022

This study which is part of a project examined the perception of preservice mathematics teachers on Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) levels and the relationship among the TPACK components. The research design employed was descriptive interspersed with correlational design. The population for this study was preservice mathematics teachers at the University of Education, Winneba of Ghana. The study employed the purposive sampling technique specifically homogeneous sampling technique to select level 300 mathematics teachers from the department of mathematics education of the University of Education, Winneba. In all, the level 300 (year 3) students were 183. Raosoft sample size software tool was used to determine a sample size of 125 for the study. After the determination of the sample size, simple random sampling technique was used in selecting the respondents for the study. Questionnaire was used as instrument to collect data. Data collected were analysed quantitatively. Results showed that: (i) the perceived knowledge level of the preservice mathematics teachers on TPACK and its components were moderate and high; (ii) there were positive relationships among the components of TPACK, and all of the relationships were statistically significant. Recommendations were thereof made accordingly.
Postoperative Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea with Purulent Meningitis in a Child: A Case Report
Authors: Liu Jiayi , Wang Jiemin , Jiao Fuyong
Published: September 2022

Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea is a disruption of the hypopituitarism barrier that causes cerebrospinal fluid to flow through the arachnoid, dura mater and skull base into the nasal cavity or sinuses and out of the nostrils or nasopharynx exit. In patients with nasal leakage of cerebrospinal fluid, a We report a case of a boy who had intermittent and regular fever after surgery, which was treated with We report a case of a boy who had intermittent and regular fever after surgery, which was treated with oral medication but was not effective, accompanied by headache and diplopia, which resolved when the cerebrospinal fluid flowed through the nose. Clinical practice, we often see febrile children and often report spontaneous or post-traumatic cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea, which can allow As a paediatrician, the clinical signs are often atypical and nowadays children often suffer from allergic rhinorrhoea, which can be caused by the presence of bacteria, viruses or atypical pathogens to retrograde into the skull and cause meningitis. Nowadays children often suffer from allergic rhinitis with similar features to cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea, which requires prompt clinical The clinical signs are often atypical and nowadays children often suffer from allergic rhinitis with similar features to cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea, which requires prompt clinical judgment and treatment.

Our case shows that in children with regular fever and a regular flow of clear fluid from the        nasal cavity, we need to be alert for this disease and differentiate it from diseases such as allergic rhinitis.
Prevalence of Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and Rotavirus Antigen among Diarrheic Children Attending Selected Hospitals in Abeokuta, Nigeria: A Comparative Study
Authors: Owolabi S. L. , Azeez I. A. , Makanjuola S. O. , Boyejo A. O. , Buhari O. A. , Ayedun J. S.
Published: September 2022

Background: Diarrheal infections are one of the leading causes of sickness and death all over the world. It is the second-most common cause of under-five mortality, accounting for over half a million deaths annually. In Abeokuta, the etiology of diarrheagenic bacteria and diarrheagenic viruses has not been well studied.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and Rotavirus Antigen among Diarrheic Children attending Selected Hospitals in Abeokuta, Nigeria: A Comparative study.

Methods: A total of 315 stool samples were collected from children 0–5 years of age across three selected hospitals. With a wooden spatula, 5ml of fecal sample was scooped and decanted into clean, labeled screw-capped tubes. Rotavirus antigen screening was performed according to the manufacturers’ instructions, while EPEC screening was performed using cultural, biochemical, and stereotyping methods.

Results: From the sample screening performed, 30 (37.04%) were EPEC positive, whereas 51 (62.96%) were positive for rotavirus. Dissemination of children based on ageshowed that children between 7–12 months had the most elevated predominance of Rotavirus infection 17 (33.33%) while the lowest predominance was observed in children between 0–2 months 4 (7.84%). Furthermore, the highest predominance of EPEC diseases was observed in children between 7–12 months 12 (40%) and the lowest predominance in children between 19–24 months 2 (6.67%).

Conclusion: This study had demonstrated a higher prevalence of Rotavirus infection as compared to EPEC diseases among Diarrheic Children within the study location.
Rehabilitation with Single Implants in Smokers: A 5-year Retrospective Study
Authors: Roman-Torres Caio Vinicius G. , Neto Edson Gracia , Pasquinelli Fernanda , Schwartz-Filho Humberto Oswaldo , Rankel Viviane Maria , Pallos Debora
Published: September 2022

The individual smoker can present several alterations in the periodontal tissues, such as the reduction of blood flow, the alteration of the inflammatory and immunological responses, the damage in the tissue healing, the modification in the composition of the bacterial plaque, the increase in the depth of the pocket and greater loss of tissue. periodontal attachment. The aim of the present observational cohort study was to assess the peri-implant condition of dental implants in function for 5 years. Methodology: The convenience sample included in the present study consisted of 70 smokers, who had implants placed between 2014 and 2015, and who, after contact attended to undergo clinical periodontal examinations and periapical radiographs. Results: the presence of biofilm was observed in 54.7% of the implants and the mean probing depth was 3.87mm, while in individuals without the presence of plaque it was 3.44mm. For the probing bleeding index, 42 individuals did not experience bleeding and with a mean PS of 3.18mm, the 22 individuals with bleeding on probing had PS of 4.23mm. When considering the location of the implant, 22 were located in the mandible and 42 in the maxilla, with no statistical difference regarding location. Of the individuals evaluated, 27 did not perform annual maintenance in the last 5 years and 37 performed annual maintenance, the observed probing depth averages were 4.89mm and 3.64mm respectively. Conclusion: This observational study reported that bleeding on probing and lack of annual maintenance can promote an increase in probing depth in implants installed in smokers.