bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Magnetic fields in galactic binaries and gravitational waves
Authors: Bourgoin A. , Le Poncin-Lafitte C. , Mathis S. , Angonin M.-C.
Published: February 2023

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) mission will observe from space gravitational waves emitted by neutron stars and white dwarfs within galactic binaries. These compact stars can have intense magnetic fields. Therefore, the impact of the magnetic fields on the orbital and the spins evolution of binary systems can potentially be detected by LISA through the GW’s strain. Within the magnetic dipole-dipole approximation, we found that magnetism generates a secular drift of the mean longitude which, in turn, shifts all the frequencies contained in the GW signal. For a quasi-circular orbit, the signal is mainly monochromatic and the magnetic shift is proportional to the product of the magnetic moments and is inversely proportional to the 7/2 power of the semi-major axis. Hence, for a highly magnetic binary system in compact orbit, a non-negligible amount of the frequency measured by LISA might have a magnetic origin.
Exploring Populations of Low Mass Merging Compact Binary Systems with Single Einstein Telescope
Authors: Singh Neha , Bulik Tomasz
Published: February 2023

Einstein Telescope (ET), a the future third generation gravitational wave detector will be sensitive to gravitational wave signal down to 1 Hz. We present an algorithm to estimate the parameters of the low mass merging compact binary systems such as localisation, chirp mass, redshift, mass ratios and total mass of the source which are crucial in order to estimate the capability of ET to study various compact binary populations. We analysed the compact binary populations of (i) Pop I and Pop II, (ii) Pop III, and (iii) globular clusters, with single ET.
Physics in Ultra-Strong Magnetic Fields
Authors: Harding Alice K.
Published: February 2023

Several populations of neutron stars have surface magnetic fields above the critical strength of 4.4 × 1013 G where the electron cyclotron energy equals its rest mass. These include high-field rotation-powered pulsars, X-ray dim isolated neutron stars (XDIN), and magnetars. In such ultra-strong fields, quantum effects in physical processes as well as additional exotic Quantum Electrodynamic processes only occurring at these high field strengths have a significant influence on the emitted radiation. Although very strong magnetic fields play a critical role both inside and outside of neutron stars, I will review primarily processes that operate in the neutron star magnetospheres and how they influence the observed radiation.
A search for optical and near-infrared counterparts of the compact binary merger GW190814
Authors: Thakur Aishwarya Linesh
Published: February 2023

We report on our observing campaign of the compact binary merger GW190814, detected by the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors on August 14th, 2019. This signal has the best localisation of any observed gravitational wave (GW) source, with a 90% probability area of 18.5 deg2, and an estimated distance of ≈240 Mpc. We obtained wide-field observations with the Deca-Degree Optical Transient Imager (DDOTI) covering 88% of the probability area down to a limiting magnitude of w = 19.9 AB. Nearby galaxies within the high probability region were targeted with the Lowell Discovery Telescope (LDT), whereas promising candidate counterparts were characterized through multi-colour photometry with the Reionization and Transients InfraRed (RATIR) and spectroscopy with the Gran Telescopio de Canarias (GTC). We use our optical and near-infrared limits in conjunction with the upper limits obtained by the community to constrain the possible electromagnetic counterparts associated with the merger. A gamma-ray burst seen along its jet’s axis is disfavoured by the multi-wavelength dataset, whereas the presence of a burst seen at larger viewing angles is not well constrained. Although our observations are not sensitive to a kilonova similar to AT2017gfo, we can rule out high-mass (> 0.1 M⊙) fast-moving (mean velocity ≥ 0.3c) wind ejecta for a possible kilonova associated with this merger.
Neutron Star Equation of State Constraints from NICER and Multimessenger Gravitational Wave Observations
Authors: Raaijmakers Geert
Published: February 2023

The dense matter equation of state (EoS), describing the state of matter under the extreme conditions found in neutron stars, is not accurately known. However, significant process has been made in recent years through the emergence of new observational avenues of neutron stars. Firstly, the X-ray timing telescope NICER has delivered two joint mass-radius measurements, for pulsars PSR J0030+0451 and PSR J0740+6620, using pulse profile modeling. Secondly, gravitational wave detections of binary neutron star (BNS) mergers allow for a measurement of the EoS-dependent tidal deformability, as demonstrated in the first detected BNS merger GW170817. Additionally, electromagnetic radiation from the subsequent ultraviolet-optical-infrared transient (the kilonova) originating from the ejected material in GW170817 further probes the binary system and the EoS. We demonstrate how the joint analysis of these multi-messenger observations of neutron stars significantly constrains the dense matter EoS. We then describe, in more detail, a framework to jointly analyse a gravitational wave signal and the accompanying kilonova light curves, focusing on possible future black hole–neutron star (BHNS) mergers. We highlight the potential for multimessenger BHNS to constrain the tidal deformability of the neutron star, thereby increasing our understanding of the dense matter EoS.
A broad-band perspective on circular polarization in radio pulsar observations
Authors: Oswald Lucy S.
Published: February 2023

We investigate the broad-band behaviour of circular polarization in radio pulsar profiles and show the relationship between polarization fraction and what proportion of that polarization is circular, both across frequency, and for a large number of pulsars viewed collectively. The behaviour observed may be explained by pulsar polarization originating from the partially-coherent combination of two linearly-polarized orthogonal modes with different flux spectral indices. (See also the poster in the “supplementary information”.)
Court-packing and democratic decay: A necessary relationship?
Authors: Garcia Holgado Benjamin , Sánchez Urribarri Raúl
Published: February 2023

A growing body of literature on the role of courts in democratic backsliding claims that court-packing weakens liberal democracy. However, this is not necessarily the case. The goals of the actors who produce court-packing help to explain why the co-optation of the judiciary can have a substantial negative effect on liberal democracy in some (although not all) cases. In this respect, we distinguish two types of court-packing. First,policy-driven court-packingoccurs when politicians manipulate the composition of courts in order to assure a quick implementation of policies. Although this tends to negatively affect judicial independence, it is not per se a first step towards regime change. Second,regime-driven court-packinghappens when politicians alter the composition of the courts with the goal of eroding democracy. In this case, court-packing’s negative effect on judicial independence has a systemic negative effect on different dimensions of liberal democracy. Relying on a wide range of primary and secondary sources, we conceptualize these two types of court-packing by comparing two cases: Carlos Menem (1989–99) in Argentina, seeking judicial support to carry out pro-market economic reforms, and Hugo Chávez (1999–2013) and Nicolás Maduro (2013–present) in Venezuela, seeking to control the judiciary in the context of democratic backsliding.
Controls on the Salinity of Sedimentary Basinal Fluids Under Constant Chemogravitational Potential Conditions
Authors: Yoshimura Shumpei
Published: February 2023

Fluids in sedimentary basins exert a crucial influence on various geological phenomena including natural resource formation. Worldwide drilling projects have revealed that the salinity of sedimentary basinal fluids generally increases with depth, irrespective of lithology, age of sediments, or the presence of a halite bed. However, how these vertical salinity variations are produced and what controls the salinity remain unclear. This work examines a new hypothesis that downward‐increasing salinity variations are a natural outcome of the constant chemogravitational potential condition. In a static environment, the salinity is distributed such that the chemogravitational potential of the solute is constant with depth. Once formed, such a distribution would be maintained because no further migration of the solute would occur. To test the hypothesis, a constant chemogravitational potential distribution model was constructed for NaCl–H2O fluids in the sediment column, and NaCl content at each depth was calculated. The results showed that NaCl content monotonically increases with depth, and the variations are similar to the trend of measured data. However, the data were not necessarily completely reproduced by the model, and deviated in some parts from the calculated profile. Such deviation may indicate fluxing of external fluid occurring in these parts, as the constant chemogravitational potential is vulnerable to an advective flow. Therefore, it is proposed that the constant chemogravitational potential condition is a possible endmember theory, influencing natural salinity variations in a static environment.
Equatorial Submesoscale Eddies Contribute to the Asymmetry in ENSO Amplitude
Authors: Wang Chengcheng , Wang Shengpeng , Jing Zhao , Geng Tao , Wang Hong , Wu Lixin
Published: February 2023

El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) exhibits evident amplitude asymmetry with stronger El Niño than La Niña events. Equatorial submesoscale eddies act as an important damper of ENSO via their induced upward heat flux () from the subsurface to the surface ocean. Yet their effect on ENSO amplitude asymmetry remains unexplored. Using a high‐resolution global climate simulation, we found that strengthening of in the Niño3.4 region during La Niña is more evident than weakening of during El Niño, resulting in stronger damping of La Niña than El Niño events. This asymmetric response of to ENSO is primarily ascribed to that of the temperature fronts associated with larger‐scale processes. Using a recharge oscillator model modified to include the effects of , we show that the asymmetric damping of ENSO by contributes importantly to the ENSO amplitude asymmetry.
Integrative phosphoproteomics defines two biologically distinct groups of KMT2A rearranged acute myeloid leukaemia with different drug response phenotypes
Authors: Casado Pedro , Rio-Machin Ana , Miettinen Juho J. , Bewicke-Copley Findlay , Rouault-Pierre Kevin , Krizsan Szilvia , Parsons Alun , Rajeeve Vinothini , Miraki-Moud Farideh , Taussig David C. , Bödör Csaba , Gribben John , Heckman Caroline , Fitzgibbon Jude , Cutillas Pedro R.
Published: February 2023

Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) patients harbouring certain chromosome abnormalities have particularly adverse prognosis. For these patients, targeted therapies have not yet made a significant clinical impact. To understand the molecular landscape of poor prognosis AML we profiled 74 patients from two different centres (in UK and Finland) at the proteomic, phosphoproteomic and drug response phenotypic levels. These data were complemented with transcriptomics analysis for 39 cases. Data integration highlighted a phosphoproteomics signature that define two biologically distinct groups of KMT2A rearranged leukaemia, which we term MLLGA and MLLGB. MLLGA presented increased DOT1L phosphorylation, HOXA gene expression, CDK1 activity and phosphorylation of proteins involved in RNA metabolism, replication and DNA damage when compared to MLLGB and no KMT2A rearranged samples. MLLGA was particularly sensitive to 15 compounds including genotoxic drugs and inhibitors of mitotic kinases and inosine-5-monosphosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) relative to other cases. Intermediate-risk KMT2A-MLLT3 cases were mainly represented in a third group closer to MLLGA than to MLLGB. The expression of IMPDH2 and multiple nucleolar proteins was higher in MLLGA and correlated with the response to IMPDH inhibition in KMT2A rearranged leukaemia, suggesting a role of the nucleolar activity in sensitivity to treatment. In summary, our multilayer molecular profiling of AML with poor prognosis and KMT2A-MLLT3 karyotypes identified a phosphoproteomics signature that defines two biologically and phenotypically distinct groups of KMT2A rearranged leukaemia. These data provide a rationale for the potential development of specific therapies for AML patients characterised by the MLLGA phosphoproteomics signature identified in this study.
Mining chicken ileal microbiota for immunomodulatory microorganisms
Authors: Liu Yan , Feng Yuqing , Yang Xinyue , Lv Zhengtian , Li Peng , Zhang Meihong , Wei Fuxiao , Jin Xiaolu , Hu Yongfei , Guo Yuming , Liu Dan
Published: February 2023

The gut microbiota makes important contributions to host immune system development and resistance to pathogen infections, especially during early life. However, studies addressing the immunomodulatory functions of gut microbial individuals or populations are limited. In this study, we explore the systemic impact of the ileal microbiota on immune cell development and function of chickens and identify the members of the microbiota involved in immune system modulation. We initially used a time-series design with six time points to prove that ileal microbiota at different succession stages is intimately connected to immune cell maturation. Antibiotics perturbed the microbiota succession and negatively affected immune development, whereas early exposure to the ileal commensal microbiota from more mature birds promoted immune cell development and facilitated pathogen elimination after Salmonella Typhimurium infection, illustrating that early colonization of gut microbiota is an important driver of immune development. Five bacterial strains, Blautia coccoides, Bacteroides xylanisolvens, Fournierella sp002159185, Romboutsia lituseburensis, and Megamonas funiformis, which are closely related to the immune system development of broiler chickens, were then screened out and validated for their immunomodulatory properties. Our results provide insight into poultry immune system–microbiota interactions and also establish a foundation for targeted immunological interventions aiming to combat infectious diseases and promote poultry health and production.
Current situation of telemedicine research for cardiovascular risk in Japan
Authors: Shibata Shigeru , Hoshide Satoshi
Published: February 2023

Hypertension continues to be a principal risk factor for the occurrence of cardiovascular disorders, stroke, and kidney diseases. Although more than 40 million subjects suffer from hypertension in Japan, its optimal control is achieved only a subpopulation of patients, highlighting the need for novel approaches to manage this disorder. Toward the better control of blood pressure, the Japanese Society of Hypertension has developed the Future Plan, in which the application of the state-of-art information and communication technology, including web-based resources, artificial intelligence, and big data analysis, is considered as one of the promising solutions. In fact, the rapid advance of digital health technologies, as well as ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, has triggered the structural changes in the healthcare system globally, increasing demand for the remote delivery of the medical services. Nonetheless, it is not entirely clear what evidence exists that support the widespread use of telemedicine in Japan. Here, we summarize the current status of telemedicine research, particularly in the field of hypertension and other cardiovascular risk factors. We note that there have been very few interventional studies in Japan that clearly showed the superiority or noninferiority of telemedicine over standard care, and that the methods of online consultation considerably varied among studies. Clearly, more evidence is necessary for wide implementation of telemedicine in hypertensive patients in Japan, and also those with other cardiovascular risk factors.
Delay modulates the immune response to nerve repair
Authors: Golshadi Masoud , Claffey Elaine F. , Grenier Jennifer K. , Miller Andrew , Willand Michael , Edwards Michael G. , Moore Tim P. , Sledziona Michael , Gordon Tessa , Borschel Gregory H. , Cheetham Jonathan
Published: February 2023

Effective regeneration after peripheral nerve injury requires macrophage recruitment. We investigated the activation of remodeling pathways within the macrophage population when repair is delayed and identified alteration of key upstream regulators of the inflammatory response. We then targeted one of these regulators, using exogenous IL10 to manipulate the response to injury at the repair site. We demonstrate that this approach alters macrophage polarization, promotes macrophage recruitment, axon extension, neuromuscular junction formation, and increases the number of regenerating motor units reaching their target. We also demonstrate that this approach can rescue the effects of delayed nerve graft.
Janus-type emission from a cyclometalated iron(iii) complex
Authors: Steube Jakob , Kruse Ayla , Bokareva Olga S. , Reuter Thomas , Demeshko Serhiy , Schoch Roland , Argüello Cordero Miguel A. , Krishna Athul , Hohloch Stephan , Meyer Franc , Heinze Katja , Kühn Oliver , Lochbrunner Stefan , Bauer Matthias
Published: February 2023

Although iron is a dream candidate to substitute noble metals in photoactive complexes, realization of emissive and photoactive iron compounds is demanding due to the fast deactivation of their charge-transfer states. Emissive iron compounds are scarce and dual emission has not been observed before. Here we report the FeIII complex [Fe(ImP)2][PF6] (HImP = 1,1′-(1,3-phenylene)bis(3-methyl-1-imidazol-2-ylidene)), showing a Janus-type dual emission from ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT)- and metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT)-dominated states. This behaviour is achieved by a ligand design that combines four N-heterocyclic carbenes with two cyclometalating aryl units. The low-lying π* levels of the cyclometalating units lead to energetically accessible MLCT states that cannot evolve into LMCT states. With a lifetime of 4.6 ns, the strongly reducing and oxidizing MLCT-dominated state can initiate electron transfer reactions, which could constitute a basis for future applications of iron in photoredox catalysis.
Ecological traits interact with landscape context to determine bees’ pesticide risk
Authors: Knapp Jessica L. , Nicholson Charlie C. , Jonsson Ove , de Miranda Joachim R. , Rundlöf Maj
Published: February 2023

Widespread contamination of ecosystems with pesticides threatens non-target organisms. However, the extent to which life-history traits affect pesticide exposure and resulting risk in different landscape contexts remains poorly understood. We address this for bees across an agricultural land-use gradient based on pesticide assays of pollen and nectar collected by Apis mellifera, Bombus terrestris and Osmia bicornis, representing extensive, intermediate and limited foraging traits. We found that extensive foragers (A. mellifera) experienced the highest pesticide risk—additive toxicity-weighted concentrations. However, only intermediate (B. terrestris) and limited foragers (O. bicornis) responded to landscape context—experiencing lower pesticide risk with less agricultural land. Pesticide risk correlated among bee species and between food sources and was greatest in A. mellifera-collected pollen—useful information for future postapproval pesticide monitoring. We provide foraging trait- and landscape-dependent information on the occurrence, concentration and identity of pesticides that bees encounter to estimate pesticide risk, which is necessary for more realistic risk assessment and essential information for tracking policy goals to reduce pesticide risk.
Cost-effectiveness evaluation of risk-based breast cancer screening in Urban Hebei Province
Authors: Shi Jin , Guan Yazhe , Liang Di , Li Daojuan , He Yutong , Liu Yunjiang
Published: February 2023

To evaluate the implementations of Cancer Screening Program in Urban Hebei and to model the cost-effectiveness of a risk-based breast Cancer Screening Program. Women aged 40–74 years were invited to participate the Cancer Screening Program in Urban Hebei form 2016 to 2020 by completing questionnaires to collect information about breast cancer exposure. Clinical screening including ultrasound and mammography examination were performed. We developed a Markov model to estimate the lifetime costs and benefits, in terms of quality-adjusted life years (QALY), of a high-risk breast Cancer Screening Program. Nine screening strategies and no screening were included in the study. The age-specific incidence, transition probability data and lifetime treatment costs were derived and adopted from other researches. Average cost-effectiveness ratios (ACERs) were estimated as the ratios of the additional costs of the screening strategies to the QLYG compared to no screening. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were calculated based on the comparison of a lower cost strategies to the next more expensive and effective strategies after excluding dominated strategies and extendedly dominated strategies. ICERs were used to compare with a willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold. Sensitivity analysis was explored the influence factors. A total of 84,029 women completed a risk assessment questionnaire, from which 20,655 high-risk breast cancer females were evaluated, with a high-risk rate of 24.58%. There were 13,392 high-risk females completed the screening program, with participation rate was 64.84%. Undergoing ultrasound, mammography and combined screening, the suspicious positive detection rates were 15.00%, 9.20% and 19.30%, and the positive detection rates were 2.11%, 2.76% and 3.83%, respectively. According to the results by Markov model, at the end of 45 cycle, the early diagnosis rates were 55.53%, 60.68% and 62.47% underwent the annual screening by ultrasound, mammography and combined, the proportion of advanced cancer were 17.20%, 15.85% and 15.36%, respectively. Different screening method and interval yield varied. In the exploration of various scenarios, annual ultrasound screening is the most cost-effective strategy with the ICER of ¥116,176.15/QALY. Sensitivity analyses demonstrated that the results are robust. Although it was not cost effective, combined ultrasound and mammography screening was an effective strategy for higher positive detection rate of breast cancer. High-risk population-based breast cancer screening by ultrasound annually was the most cost-effective strategy in Urban Hebei Province.
Construction of a prognostic prediction model for renal clear cell carcinoma combining clinical traits
Authors: Weng Yujie , Ning Pengfei
Published: February 2023

Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is one of the common malignant tumors of the urinary system. Patients with different risk levels are other in terms of disease progression patterns and disease regression. The poorer prognosis for high-risk patients compared to low-risk patients. Therefore, it is essential to accurately high-risk screen patients and gives accurate and timely treatment. Differential gene analysis, weighted correlation network analysis, Protein–protein interaction network, and univariate Cox analysis were performed sequentially on the train set. Next, the KIRC prognostic model was constructed using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) test set and the Gene Expression Omnibus dataset verified the model’s validity. Finally, the constructed models were analyzed; including gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and immune analysis. The differences in pathways and immune functions between the high-risk and low-risk groups were observed to provide a reference for clinical treatment and diagnosis. A four-step key gene screen resulted in 17 key factors associated with disease prognosis, including 14 genes and 3 clinical features. The LASSO regression algorithm selected the seven most critical key factors to construct the model: age, grade, stage, GDF3, CASR, CLDN10, and COL9A2. In the training set, the accuracy of the model in predicting 1-, 2- and 3-year survival rates was 0.883, 0.819, and 0.830, respectively. The accuracy of the TCGA dataset was 0.831, 0.801, and 0.791, and the accuracy of the GSE29609 dataset was 0.812, 0.809, and 0.851 in the test set. Model scoring divided the sample into a high-risk group and a low-risk group. There were significant differences in disease progression and risk scores between the two groups. GSEA analysis revealed that the enriched pathways in the high-risk group mainly included proteasome and primary immunodeficiency. Immunological analysis showed that CD8 (+) T cells, M1 macrophages, PDCD1, and CTLA4 were upregulated in the high-risk group. In contrast, antigen-presenting cell stimulation and T-cell co-suppression were more active in the high-risk group. This study added clinical characteristics to constructing the KIRC prognostic model to improve prediction accuracy. It provides help to assess the risk of patients more accurately. The differences in pathways and immunity between high and low-risk groups were also analyzed to provide ideas for treating KIRC patients.
Sleep duration during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh: A GIS-based large sample survey study
Authors: Al-Mamun Firoj , Hussain Nur , Sakib Najmuj , Hosen Ismail , Rayhan Istihak , Abdullah Abu Hasnat , Bhuiyan A. K. M. Israfil , Sarker Md. Abedin , Hossain Sahadat , Zou Liye , Manzar Md. Dilshad , Lin Chung-Ying , Sikder Md. Tajuddin , Muhit Mohammad , Pakpour Amir H. , Gozal David , Griffiths Mark D. , Mamun Mohammed A.
Published: February 2023

Although several studies have been conducted in Bangladesh regarding sleep problems during the COVID-19 pandemic, none have utilized a large nationwide sample or presented their findings based on nationwide geographical distribution. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to explore the total sleep duration, night-time sleep, and daily naptime and their associated factors as well as geographic information system (GIS) distribution. A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 9730 people in April 2020, including questions relating to socio-demographic variables, behavioral and health factors, lockdown, depression, suicidal ideation, night sleep duration, and naptime duration. Descriptive and inferential statistics, both linear and multivariate regression, and spatial distribution were performed using Microsoft Excel, SPSS, Stata, and ArcGIS software. The results indicated that 64.7% reported sleeping 7–9 h a night, while 29.6% slept less than 7 h nightly, and 5.7% slept more than 9 h nightly. 43.7% reported 30–60 min of daily nap duration, whereas 20.9% napped for more than 1 h daily. Significant predictors of total daily sleep duration were being aged 18–25 years, being unemployed, being married, self-isolating 4 days or more, economic hardship, and depression. For nap duration, being aged 18–25 years, retired, a smoker, and a social media user were at relatively higher risk. The GIS distribution showed that regional division areas with high COVID-19 exposure had higher rates of non-normal sleep duration. Sleep duration showed a regional heterogeneity across the regional divisions of the country that exhibited significant associations with a multitude of socioeconomic and health factors.
Analgesic effects of a highly selective mPGES-1 inhibitor
Authors: Stewart Madeline J. , Weaver Lauren M. , Ding Kai , Kyomuhangi Annet , Loftin Charles D. , Zheng Fang , Zhan Chang-Guo
Published: February 2023

The growing opioid use and overdose crisis in the US is closely related to the abuse of pain medications. Particularly for postoperative pain (POP), ~ 310 million major surgeries are performed globally per year. Most patients undergoing surgical procedures experience acute POP, and ~ 75% of those with POP report the severity as moderate, severe, or extreme. Opioid analgesics are the mainstay for POP management. It is highly desirable to develop a truly effective and safe non-opioid analgesic to treat POP and other forms of pain. Notably, microsomal prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthase-1 (mPGES-1) was once proposed as a potentially promising target for a next generation of anti-inflammatory drugs based on studies in mPGES-1 knockouts. However, to the best of our knowledge, no studies have ever been reported to explore whether mPGES-1 is also a potential target for POP treatment. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that a highly selective mPGES-1 inhibitor can effectively relieve POP as well as other forms of pain through blocking the PGE2overproduction. All the data have consistently demonstrated that mPGES-1 is a truly promising target for treatment of POP as well as other forms of pain.
Development of evaluation system for cerebral artery occlusion in emergency medical services: noninvasive measurement and utilization of pulse waves
Authors: Shimada Takuma , Matsubara Kazumasa , Koyama Daisuke , Matsukawa Mami , Ohsaki Miho , Kobayashi Yasuyo , Saito Kozue , Yamagami Hiroshi
Published: February 2023

Rapid reperfusion therapy can reduce disability and death in patients with large vessel occlusion strokes (LVOS). It is crucial for emergency medical services to identify LVOS and transport patients directly to a comprehensive stroke center. Our ultimate goal is to develop a non-invasive, accurate, portable, inexpensive, and legally employable in vivo screening system for cerebral artery occlusion. As a first step towards this goal, we propose a method for detecting carotid artery occlusion using pulse wave measurements at the left and right carotid arteries, feature extraction from the pulse waves, and occlusion inference using these features. To meet all of these requirements, we use a piezoelectric sensor. We hypothesize that the difference in the left and right pulse waves caused by reflection is informative, as LVOS is typically caused by unilateral artery occlusion. Therefore, we extracted three features that only represented the physical effects of occlusion based on the difference. For inference, we considered that the logistic regression, a machine learning technique with no complex feature conversion, is a reasonable method for clarifying the contribution of each feature. We tested our hypothesis and conducted an experiment to evaluate the effectiveness and performance of the proposed method. The method achieved a diagnostic accuracy of 0.65, which is higher than the chance level of 0.43. The results indicate that the proposed method has potential for identifying carotid artery occlusions.
Electron-nuclear decoupling at a spin clock transition
Authors: Kundu Krishnendu , Chen Jia , Hoffman Silas , Marbey Jonathan , Komijani Dorsa , Duan Yan , Gaita-Ariño Alejandro , Stanton John , Zhang Xiaoguang , Cheng Hai-Ping , Hill Stephen
Published: February 2023

The ability to design quantum systems that decouple from environmental noise sources is highly desirable for development of quantum technologies with optimal coherence. The chemical tunability of electronic states in magnetic molecules combined with advanced electron spin resonance techniques provides excellent opportunities to address this problem. Indeed, so-called clock transitions have been shown to protect molecular spin qubits from magnetic noise, giving rise to significantly enhanced coherence. Here we conduct a spectroscopic and computational investigation of this physics, focusing on the role of the nuclear bath. Away from the clock transition, linear coupling to the nuclear degrees of freedom causes a modulation and decay of electronic coherence, as quantified via electron spin echo signals generated experimentally and in silico. Meanwhile, the effective hyperfine interaction vanishes at the clock transition, resulting in electron-nuclear decoupling and an absence of quantum information leakage to the nuclear bath, providing opportunities to characterize other decoherence sources.
Amino-functionalized MIL-125(Ti) for photodenitrification of pyridine in fuels via coordination activation by unsaturated Ti4+ centers
Authors: Wang Shihui , He Zhoujun , Wu Ling , Wang Deling , Si Ruiru , Liu Xiyao , Liang Ruowen
Published: February 2023

Coordination–photocatalysis synergism progress upon pyridine denitrification of MTi.
Label-free serum proteomics for the identification of the putative biomarkers of postoperative pain in patients with gastric cancer
Authors: Li Jianing , Li Shuo , Zhang Tianzhuo , Yu Ling , Wei Jin , Wu Mengge , Xie Yining , Tan Hongyu
Published: February 2023

The preoperative serum proteomics of patients with high or low postoperative sufentanil consumption is used to predict the potential biomarkers of postoperative acute pain.
K-intercalated polymeric carbon nitride with nitrogen defects for efficient photocatalytic H2O2 production
Authors: Wang Qinyuan , Bai Lulu , Wu Qiang , Yao Weifeng
Published: February 2023

A simple KOH-assisted thermal carbon nitride polymerization method was developed to achieve the one-step synthesis of K-intercalated polymeric carbon nitride with nitrogen defects, leading to efficient photocatalytic H2O2 production.
Self-assembly of tripyrazolate-linked [M6L2] cages for the selective sensing of HSO3− and gaseous SO2 by turn-on fluorescence
Authors: Wang Peipei , Tong Jin , Meng Cong , Yuan Qing , Deng Wei , Yu Shu-Yan , Ma Hong-Wei
Published: February 2023

Three metallocages are synthesised by coordinating tripyrazolate ligands with diPd(ii) units. These metallocages exhibited a sensitive, selective, and linear response to SO2 and its derivatives with turn-on fluorescence responses.
Research progress in architecture and application of RRAM with computing-in-memory
Authors: Wang Chenyu , Shi Ge , Qiao Fei , Lin Rubin , Wu Shien , Hu Zenan
Published: February 2023

The development of new technologies has led to an explosion of data, while the computation ability of traditional computers is approaching its upper limit.
One-pot fabrication of an anisotropic thermally conductive boron nitride/polyvinyl alcohol composite film based on salting-out effect
Authors: Zhao Zheng-Bai , Chen Wang-Fei , Wang Yang , Cong Hong-Min , Yan Chao
Published: February 2023

A facile method to accomplish the directional arrangement of thermally conductive lamellar fillers is reported to enhance thermal conductivity of polymer composite.
Ruthenium(ii)-catalyzed oxidative dehydrogenation and hydroarylation of maleimides with phthalazinones – insights into additive-controlled product selectivity
Authors: Ramkumar Alagumalai , Sreedharan Ramdas , Rajeshwaran Purushothaman , Gandhi Thirumanavelan
Published: February 2023

Herein, we developed ruthenium(ii)-catalyzed oxidative dehydrogenation and hydroarylation of maleimides with phthalazinones.
Thermodynamics of the self-assembly of N-annulated perylene bisimides in water. Disentangling the enthalpic and entropic contributions
Authors: Martínez Manuel A. , Aranda Daniel , Ortí Enrique , Aragó Juan , Sánchez Luis
Published: February 2023

The hydrophilic/hydrophobic ratio and the number of water molecules released during the self-assembly of N-PBIs 1–4 condition the enthalpic and entropic contributions associated with the self-assembly of these dyes.
Gravitational wave emission from dynamical stellar interactions
Authors: Morán-Fraile Javier , Schneider Fabian R. N. , Röpke Friedrich K. , Ohlmann Sebastian T. , Pakmor Rüdiger , Soultanis Theodoros , Bauswein Andreas
Published: February 2023

We are witnessing the dawn of gravitational wave (GW) astronomy. With currently available detectors, observations are restricted to GW frequencies in the range between ∼10 Hz and 10 kHz, which covers the signals from mergers of compact objects. The launch of the space observatory LISA will open up a new frequency band for the detection of stellar interactions at lower frequencies. In this work, we predict the shape and strength of the GW signals associated with common-envelope interaction and merger events in binary stars, and we discuss their detectability. Previous studies estimated these characteristics based on semi-analytical models. In contrast, we used detailed three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations to compute the GW signals. We show that for the studied models, the dynamical phase of common-envelope events and mergers between main-sequence stars lies outside of the detectability band of the LISA mission. We find, however, that the final stages of common-envelope interactions leading to mergers of the stellar cores fall into the frequency band in which the sensitivity of LISA peaks, making them promising candidates for detection. These detections can constrain the enigmatic common-envelope dynamics. Furthermore, future decihertz observatories such as DECIGO or BBO would also be able to observe this final stage and the post-merger signal, through which we might be able to detect the formation of Thorne-Żytkow objects.
Catalogación de material vitícola recuperado en Navarra
Authors: Sabalza Félix Cibriain , Sarasa Ana Sagüés , Díez Alfredo Rueda , Ostiz Izaskun Oria
Published: February 2023

Las vides viejas no solo son la historia de nuestros vinos, también nos hablan de nuestra cultura y nuestro pasado, de los paisajes de nuestra tierra. Pero, además, con sus identidades singulares, esas cepas antiguas guardan tesoros genéticos que pueden contribuir a la pervivencia de una agricultura de tradición secular. En Navarra, y en concreto en los últimos dos siglos, el abanico varietal de la vid ha sufrido cambios que han dado lugar a la diversidad que hoy nos encontramos en el viñedo de más edad, con más de 60 años. El reconocimiento, identificación y catalogación histórica de las variedades se antoja imprescindible al objeto de conocer la evolución temporal del abanico varietal genuino de Navarra.

En este artículo se relata cómo la estrategia de recuperación y conservación de la diversidad en el ámbito de la producción vitícola de Navarra, a partir del material vitícola antiguo, ha propiciado la entrada de 63 variedades en el Conservatorio de Cepas de EVENA en Olite, y cómo a partir de diversas fuentes, se ha conseguido catalogar y datar el cultivo de estas viníferas en Navarra. Este patrimonio genético vitícola propio puede constituir una alternativa en futuros escenarios tanto ambientales como comerciales.
Sanidad de los viñedos coloniales en los valles interandinos de Bolivia
Authors: Cardozo Wilmar Villena
Published: February 2023

Los viñedos están en valles andinos entre 2400 y 3200 msnm con variedades introducidas por los españoles como Misionera y Moscatel de Alejandría, que dieron lugar a Imporeña y Vicchoqueña, identificadas mediante marcadores moleculares. Estos viñedos coloniales interandinos, son tutorados con soportes de un metro, permitiendo que los brazos y pámpanos puedan apoyarse y crecer en forma de “arbolitos” con bifurcaciones a 70 centímetros del suelo, llegando hasta 2 metros. Los otros viñedos, son tutorados en las ramas de árboles como los molles (Schinus molle) y otras especies, que están separados 10 metros, sin marco de plantación. Una vez al año se podan en copa con tres brazos, llegando hasta siete metros de altura, junto a ellos se plantan dos vides. Estos viñedos en valles cálidos, con precipitaciones de 300 mm, tienen déficit hídrico. Bajo estas condiciones y baja densidad, los viñedos son básicamente libres de plagas, siendo atacados por ácaros (Panonychus ulmi) y oídio (Uncinula necátor), en años con altas precipitaciones más de 500 mm, se presenta mildiu (Plasmopara vitícola) y pulgones (Myzus persicae), las uvas son libres de residuos tóxicos y de vinos prácticamente orgánicos que encuentran nichos de mercado interno y también en el exterior.
Compostaje de residuos vitivinícolas. Avanzando hacia una industria circular
Authors: Morales-Vera Rodrigo , Echeverría-Vega Alex , Espinoza Almendra , Roco Rosa Roa , Gonzalez Alvaro , Schober Doreen , Tramon Sebastian
Published: February 2023

En una vitivinicultura circular, mediante el compostaje de materia orgánica, se conservan los nutrientes, la estructura y la diversidad del suelo del viñedo, y se valorizan los residuos industriales. En este contexto, el objetivo de este trabajo fue optimizar la eficiencia y calidad de la producción de compost. En un proyecto colaborativo entre 3 bodegas, se evaluó un compostaje de volteo tradicional en conjunto con una tecnología de cubierta permeable, sustratos alternativos como residuos de tomate y manzana, así como estiércol y urea como fuente adicional de nitrógeno, y además el efecto de organismos comerciales como aceleradores del compostaje de residuos vitivinícolas. El uso de una cubierta permeable redujo el requerimiento de agua en un 17%. La adición de orujo de manzana y tomate generó un compost más estable y rico en N, en comparación con los sistemas que utilizan solo orujo. La aplicación de estiércol avícola y urea aumentó principalmente en el contenido respectivo de P y N. La inoculación adicional con microorganismos comerciales no generó diferencias en el compost. En cuanto a las poblaciones de microorganismos naturales, no se encontraron diferencias entre los tratamientos en bacterias beneficiosas fijadoras de nitrógeno como Nitrospira y Nitrosomas.
Replacement of SO2 by plant phenolic concentrates to control oxidations in winemaking
Authors: Bonich Felipe Salinas , Christmann Monika , Freund Maximilian
Published: February 2023

In conventional winemaking, sulfites have long been used to control oxidation and spoilage microorganisms. However, the current wine trends and growing consumer health concerns have increased the need to seek alternatives to this preservative. In this context, the present study investigated plant-phenolic concentrates and explored their potential to replace the useful properties of SO2 to control oxidations. The concentrates came from ten different plants and were provided by the company Biolethics Europe, from the Netherlands. Laccase activity control assays were performed using the syringaldazine chromogenic substratein must from botrytized grapes, and the oxygen consumption rate was measured using a non-invasive method based on luminescence in model wine solutions. Positive results were obtained in the two essays, which must be complemented with sensory analyzes and monitoring of the evolution of the wines.
UHPH processing of grape must to improve wine quality
Authors: Morata Antonio , Loira Iris , Escott Carlos , Vaquero Cristian , Bañuelos María Antonia , del Fresno Juan Manuel , González Carmen , Guamis Buenaventura
Published: February 2023

Ultra High Pressure Homogenization (UHPH) consists of continuous pumping of must at pressures above 200 MPa, usually 300 MPa, and its subsequent instantaneous depressurization to atmospheric pressure after passing through a special valve. In the valve, the intense impact forces and shear stresses, together with the temperature, lead to the death of microbial cells and also to the inactivation of oxidative enzymes. Intense mechanical stresses also result in nanofragmentation of colloidal particles increasing the release of nutritional factors such as YAN and others, thus improving colloidal stability. Molecules with sensory impact such as terpenes are not affected by the UHPH process, thus preserving the varietal character, nor can thermal markers such as furfural be detected. UHPH-processed musts show and maintain higher antioxidant activity than control musts and show less browning effects during processing and even later throughout and after fermentation. This technique also affects the extraction and stability of anthocyanins and other phenolic compounds by increasing their release from cell structures and protecting them from oxidation. The antimicrobial effect and the inactivation of oxidative enzymes allow the production of wines without or with a very low level of sulfur dioxide. The ability to inactivate enzymes by affecting their tridimensional structure may also have some effect on colloidal proteins by preventing protein haze or facilitating the use of protease enzymes.
Effect of ageing on lees on the quality of white and rosé wines from Iași vineyard
Authors: Cerbu Maria Iulia , Colibaba Cintia Lucia , Luchian Camelia , Zamfir Cătălin-Ioan , Nechita Bogdan Constantin , Cioroiu Ionel-Bogdan , Niculaua Marius , Cotea Valeriu V.
Published: February 2023

Ageing of wines on lees (autolysis) involves keeping wines in contact with dead yeast cells for several months/years to intensify the transfer of compounds between yeast cells and wine. During yeast autolysis, release of different compounds has been shown to have a positive influence on organoleptic characteristics of wine as these compounds, including lipids, mannoproteins, peptides, proteins, amino acids, and glucans, are breakdown products of yeasts and can impact on volatile profile of wine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of white and rosé wines aged in contact with lees for 2 months, using 12 commercial maturation products. The studied wines were produced in Iasi vineyard, vintage 2020, from Sauvignon blanc and Busuioacă de Bohotin grapes variety. Thus, 26 samples were obtained (V1 SB-V13 SB; V1 BB – V13 BB). The effect of ageing on lees was assessed by analysing some main aroma compounds, performing an organoleptic analysis and quantifying color changes (CIEL ab parameters). The first impression that the consumer receives from wine is color and to some extent it can influence the taste. In terms of color parameters, an increase in color intensity was evident for all samples after the lees ageing period. Sensorial analysis coupled with statistical analysis tests showed a definite correlation between the maturation products used and their composition vs. certain sensorial indices. The treated wines boasted a smoother sensorial profile, with enhancement of mouth feel and persistence (V2, 3, 11 SB and V2, 3, 11 BB).
Improvement of fermentative yeasts S. cerevisiae by Non-GMO strategies for the reduction of urethanes in Sherry wines
Authors: Cantoral Jesús Manuel , Ruiz-Muñoz Marina , Martínez-Verdugo Sergio , Pérez Fernando , Fernández María Hernández , Cordero-Bueso Gustavo
Published: February 2023

During alcoholic fermentation, the yeasts responsible for the process produce various metabolites, including urea. The reaction of urea with ethanol spontaneously generates ethyl carbamate in wine, a carcinogenic metabolite whose concentration needs to be regulated. Yeasts produce urea during the arginine metabolic pathway. For this purpose, adaptive evolution has been used by using a toxic analogue of l-arginine, l-canavanine, for selective pressure, once increasing the genetic variability of the population by sporulation and subsequent conjugation. Using this strategy, five putative variants of the parental yeast have been obtained and seem to have reduced urea production, thus being able to achieve a lower concentration of ethyl carbamate.