bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cultural Meaning of Nyialong Tradition As A Form Of Local Wisdom of Orang Rimba Jambi (Ethnolinguistics Study)
Authors:   Department of Program of Linguistics Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia, Rais Wakit Abdullah
Published: December 2021

Ethnolinguistics is the study of the relationship between language facts and cultural facts. Ethnolinguistics is theoretically known as linguistic anthropology or anthropological linguistics (Duranti, 1997:1). The geographical location in this study is a group of Orang Rimba who still maintain the tradition of livelihood that is taking honey (Nyialong). This area locates in Air Hitam subdistrict, Sarolangun district of Jambi Province. In addition, the food needs of the Orang Rimba come from forest products, namely climbing sialang (Nyialong), hunting, and fruits. Other forest products are used for commercial purposes and are the livelihood of the Orang Rimba. The study aims to describe the cultural meaning of the Nyialong tradition found in the Taman Nasional Bukit Duabelas (TNBD) Jambi. Nyialong tradition is done ny Orang Rimba in Taman Nasional Bukit Duableas as annual season (petahuon). The tradition is held by Orang Rimba especially Piawang and dukun.The study is qualitative descriptive that uses an ethnolinguistics approach by utilizing the ethnographic method. The data in this study is a verbal and non-verbal expression reflected in Nyialong tradition. The data source in this study comes from the informants and the events of the tradition. Data collection methods use interview and observation methods. The result of the investigations in the form of Cultural values in the Nyialong tradition include nature, human relationship with human, and human with God. Nyialong tradition also has a symbolic meaning as a form (1) of the offering of the god rapa, the god hariamau to beg for salvation to climb sialang (2) as an intermediary to ask for salvation to god Alah, (3) as a symbol of maintaining the sustainability of the forest of the Orang Rimba Jambi.
A Juridical Study of the Policy for Determining Separatism in Papua as Terrorism
Authors:   Faculty of Law, Universitas Cenderawasih, Thesia Elias Hence
Published: December 2021

This research goal was to find out the Government Policy on Establishing the Status of Free Papua Organization (Organisasi Papua Merdeka – OPM) or known as separatism in Papua through Law No. 5 of 2018 on Eradication of Criminal Acts of Terrorism. The policy aims to soak up the situation of conflict in Papua caused by separatism. The research method used in this research was normative juridical with the type of research conducted was legal research to seek and discover the principles and rules that regulate status, which was to be presented as a match between the rule of law and legal norms. The results of the research show that the government's actions through issuing a policy establishing the status of the Free Papua Organization or known as separatism as terrorism. The policy was also issued without looking at the factors or motives for the emergence of separatism in Papua. This determination will certainly have an impact on the actions of the apparatus who abuse their power, which in fact does not solve the problem in Papua, but will lead to human rights violations.
Clinical expression of primary Sjögren's syndrome in adult patients diagnosed at an age less than or equal to 35 years versus those older than 35 years
Authors: Sasaki Patricia , Caceres Agustina , Catalán Pellet Antonio , Asnal Cecilia A. , Amitrano Cristina , Nitsche Alejandro , Riscanevo Nadia , Flores Janet , Caeiro Francisco , Segura Escobar Carolina , Demarchi Julia , Duartes Noé Damián , Lida Santiago , Raiti Laura , Cruzat Vanesa , Gobbi Carla , Alba Paula , Papasidero Silvia , Vélez Sofía , Juárez Vicente , Salvatierra Gabriela , Secco Anastasia
Published: December 2021

Objective: to describe and compare the clinical manifestations, in adult patients diagnosed with primary Sjögren’s Syndrome at age less than or equal to 35 years versus those over 35 years of age.
Materials and Methods: we analyzed the data of patients older than 18 years, with diagnosis of primary Sjögren’s syndrome (American-European criteria 2002), included in the GESSAR database (Sjögren Syndrome Study Group of the Argentine Society of Rheumatology).
Results: 665 patients were included. One hundred of them with an age at diagnosis less than or equal to 35 years and with a mean age at diagnosis of 29 + 4 years, 92% of them women. The average age at diagnosis of the group over 35 years was 54 + 11 years, 96% women. Statistically significant differences were found between less than or equal to 35 years vs over 35 years, in xerophthalmia (90.72% vs 95.64%, p: 0.04) and xeroderma (42.35% vs 57.36% , p: 0.03), and in the following domains of ESSDAI (EULAR Activity Index for primary Sjögren’s syndrome): peripheral nervous system (4.05 vs 11.32, p: 0.03), respiratory (6% vs 15.40%, p : 0.01) and renal (6% vs. 1.59%, p: 0.02).
Conclusion: our study suggests less glandular involvement in patients with pSS diagnosed at a younger age, without a characteristic differential pattern regarding systemic involvement.
Survival, efficacy and safety of Golimumab in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Spondyloarthritis: data from an Argentine cohort
Authors: Isnardi Carolina A. , Civit Emma , García Ciccarelli Agustín , Sánchez Alcover Jimena , García Salinas Rodrigo , Magri Sebastián , Albiero Eduardo , Gobbi Carla , Velozo Edson , Soriano Enrique R. , Brom Martín , Zacariaz Johana , Strusberg Ingrid , Baravalle Marcos , Castaños Sol , Morales Liliana , Paira Sergio , Calvo Romina , Ortiz Alberto , Pérez Alamino Rodolfo , Maldonado Ficco Hernán , Citera Gustavo
Published: December 2021

Objectives: golimumab is approved for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and axial spondyloarthritis. However, data from our region are scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and cumulative survival of golimumab in real-life patients with RA, PsA and axial spondyloarthritis (axSpa) from different rheumatology centers in Argentina.
Material and methods: we performed a longitudinal study of consecutive adults with RA (ACR/EULAR 2010 criteria), PsA (CASPAR criteria) and axSpa (ASAS 2009 criteria), who have started treatment with golimumab according to medical indication. Data was obtained by review of medical records. Sociodemographic and clinical data, musculoskeletal manifestations, comorbidities and previous treatments were recorded. In reference to golimumab treatment, start date, route of administration and concomitant treatments were identified. Disease activity was assessed using DAS28 for RA patients, DAPSA and MDA for PsA and BASDAI for axSpa. The presence of adverse events was recorded. If golimumab was stopped, date and cause was documented. Patients were followed up until golimumab discontinuation, loss of follow-up, death, or study completion (November 30, 2020).
Results: in total 182 patients were included, 116 with a diagnosis of RA, 30 with PsA and 36 with axSpa. Most of them (70.9%) were female with a median (m) age of 55 years (IQR 43.8- 64) and m disease duration of 7 years (IQR 4-12.7) at treatment initiation. Al least one prior biological (-b) and/or targeted synthetic (-ts) disease modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) was received by 63 patients (34.6%). Total follow-up was 318.1 patients/year. Golimumab treatment showed clinical improvement in all three groups of patients. The incidence of AE was 6.6 per 100 patients/year, being infections the most frequents ones. During follow-up, 50 patients (27.5%) discontinued golimumab, the most frequent cause was treatment failure (68%), followed by lack of health insurance (16%) and adverse events (10%). Golimumab persistence was 76% and 68% at 12 and 24 months, respectively. Treatment survival was 50.2 months (95% CI 44.4-55.9). Patients who had received prior treatment with b- or ts-DMARDs showed lower survival (HR 2.41, 95% CI 1.3-4.4).
Conclusions: golimumab treatment in real life patients in Argentina has shown good efficacy and safety. Drug survival was over 4 years and almost 80% were still using golimumab after one year. Prior treatment with other b- or ts-DMARDs was associated with lower treatment survival.
The Effect of Both Earnings Management and Tax Planning To The Value of The Company With Corporate Governance As Variable Moderating
Authors: Suryani Nia , Djuminah Djuminah
Published: December 2021

The primary objective of this study is to determine the impact of both earnings management and tax planning towards the value of the firm, corporate governance is measured by using score CGPI as moderating variable. This study uses purposive sampling method that generates 40 samples of company listings on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) and registered in participation Corporate Governance Perception Index (CGPI) during 2012 until 2015.

Based on the test result of regression analysis it showed that earnings management practices which is measured by using discretionary accrual shows regression coefficients of 2,557 with p-value of 0,015 or p-value is below 0,05, so it has negative impact to the value of the firm, then it can be concluded that the existence of earnings management can reduce the value of the firm. Tax planning activity is measured by using Cash_ETR which shows regression coefficients -0.956 with a p-value of 0,005 or p-value is below 0,05, which means it gives a negative impact to the value of the firm, so it can be concluded that the higher level of tax planning by management will have an impact on the declining value of the firm. Furthermore, corporate governance which is measured using the CGPI’s score is not a moderating variable between earnings management and value of the firm, showed by p-value of 0,090, whereas the relationships of tax planning and value of the firm can be moderated by corporate governance, showed by p-value of 0,024.

Keywords: CGPI’s Score, Corporate Governance, Discretionary Accrual, Earnings Management, Tax Planning, Value of the Firm
Corporate Governance, Tax Avoidance, and Firm Value
Authors: Nugroho Wawan Cahyo , Agustia Dian
Published: December 2021

This study aims to examine: (1) the influence of institutional ownership, independent commissioners on tax avoidance on firm value (2) the influence of tax avoidance on firm value (3) the influence of institutional ownership, independent commissioner to firm value mediated by tax avoidance. The population of this study are manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange for the study from 2013-2016. This study purposive sampling and arrived at 92 firms, using path analysis technique. The results of this study indicates that (1) institutional ownership significantly influence tax avoidance (2) independent commissioners have no influence on tax avoidance; (3) institutional ownership does not influence the firm value; (4) independent commissioner and tax avoidance have significant effect to firm value; (5) tax avoidance does not mediate the institutional ownership relationship to firm value.
Keywords: Executive Incentives, Firm Value, Independent Commissioners, Institutional Ownership, Profitability, and Tax Avoidance
iFRAMES DESIGN IN HEALTH SECTOR BLUD: ASSET AND INVENTORY SYSTEM
Authors: Prakoso Satrio Wicaksono , Prasetya Machmudin Eka
Published: December 2021

This research aims to design an information system to record assets and inventories at DKI Jakarta Regional Public Service Agency (BLUD). This study is based on the findings from Examination Report (LHP) issued by the Indonesian Supreme Audit Institution (BPK RI) which states that there are quite a few problems about assets at BLUD (BPK RI, 2017). This research is expected to answer research questions about how to design the system of assets and inventories needed by BLUD to assist the process of internal control and asset management. This study uses the Framework for the Application of Systems Thinking (FAST) as a method for systems development popularized by Whitten and Bentley (2007). This study uses a case study approach with the triangulation method, where the qualitative data as primary data by conducting interviews and observations. Unit of analysis in this study is the BLUD responsible for asset management. Currently, the existing asset information systems only record fixed assets and not connected to the financial reporting system. Assets and inventories information need to move manually by re-inputting the value to prepare financial statements. The result of this research is a design of asset information system to enhance internal control.

Keywords: Assets, Information Systems, Internal Control Systems
The Association Between Related Party Transaction And Tax Avoidance In Indonesia
Authors: Aryotama Putra , Firmansyah Amrie
Published: December 2021

This study aims to examine the association between related party transaction and tax avoidance in Indonesia’ Non-Financial Companies. Related-party transactions, as its name implies, are transactions conducted by companies with its related parties. Meanwhile, tax avoidance is a reduction in corporate tax liability, which is conducted by the company legally. This study employs a quantitative method using linear regression analysis and uses panel data of companies listed under the Indonesia Non-Financial Companies on IDX from 2014 to 2017. The result of this study suggests that related party transaction is negatively associated with tax avoidance.
Political Connection, Ownership Structures and Tax Aggressiveness: The Case of Indonesia
Authors: Rahmasari Agita Zafi , Probohudono Agung Nur , Setiawan Doddy
Published: December 2021

The main purpose of this research is to examine the influences of political connection and ownership structures towards the tax aggressiveness in Indonesian companies. This research is a quantitative research and the samples consist of the companies listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2015-2016. Furthermore, the data used in this research is secondary data obtained from the companies’ financial reports and annual reports. The tax aggressiveness is measured with Book Tax Differences (BTD) proxy. The result of this research shows that political connection, government ownership, and foreign ownership give negative significant effects towards tax aggressiveness, while institutional ownership give no significant effect towards tax aggressiveness. The limitation of this research is the using of 2-year samples only that consist of companies in various sectors. In addition, the companies that are classified in a particular sector, are given different tax treatment by Directorate General of Taxes. This research can be beneficial for making taxation regulation in the future. This research is also expected to be the supporting literature for the next research for the scholars in the taxation and accounting field related to the company’ tax aggressiveness. This research extends the previous research by adding some type of ownership structure in analyzing factors that affect tax aggressiveness in Indonesia. The ownership structure consists of government ownership, foreign ownership, and institutional ownership. Furthermore, political connections in this study were analyzed from connections through boards of directors and commissioners.
Rural-Urban Migration and Unemployment Tendency
Authors: Daniel Tambi Mbu , Joshua Njuh Chuo
Published: December 2021

The study examined the effect of rural-urban migration on unemployment tendency, while controlling for other variables. We make use of the instrumental variable approach and probit controlling for endogeneity to determine the relationship between rural-urban migration and unemployment. Cameroon labour force survey is used to estimate our results. Results shows that the likelihood of unemployment decreases among rural-urban migrates compared to their rural counterparts who do not migrate. By the same token, holders of primary, secondary and tertiary levels of are less likely to be unemployed relative to their counterparts with no education, respectively. These findings have a number of policy implementations: the government could create an enabling environment for labour markets to work better for the youths seeking employment and could invest rationally on education to enable the youth become self-reliant instead of job seekers through skill development and training.
The influence of brand image, Brand Personality and Brand Experience on Brand Love and Their Impact on Brand Loyalty of Cellular Card Users
Authors: Achmad Gusti Noorlitaria , Hudayah Syarifah , ZA Saida Zainurossalamia , Hasanah Shibghati Mutia
Published: December 2021

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to know: (1) influence of brand image to brand love (2) influence of brand personality to brand love, (3) influence of brand experience to brand love (4) influence of brand image to brand loyalty (5) influence of brandexperience to brand loyalty, (6) the influence of brand love on brand loyalty. This research was conducted using a sample of 131 people and data are taken by giving respondents structural questionaires. In terms of data analysis, this research used Partial Least Square (PLS)
The Dynamics of The Rupiah Exchange Rate in 2017-2020
Authors: Susanto Muhammad Arief Aldila , Sugiharti Rr. Retno Retno
Published: December 2021

The exchange rate is one of the most important indicators in the economy. Moreover, with the increasing intensity of trade between countries, commonly referred to as international trade, this economic indicator becomes important for every country, including Indonesia. The change in the Indonesian exchange rate system to a free-floating system has made the exchange rate fluctuations more dynamic. The fluctuations are influenced by various factors, both internal and external. This study aims to determine the effect of the money supply (M2), foreign exchange reserves, SBI interest rates and world crude oil prices on the rupiah/dollar exchange rate in 2017-2020 both in the short run and in the long run. The data used is monthly time series data from 2017-2020. The analytical method used in this study is the Error Correction Model (ECM). The results in this study indicate that in the short run and long run the money supply and foreign exchange reserves variables have a significant effect on the rupiah exchange rate in 2017-2020.
The Role of Brand Trust in Determining The Relationship Between Brand Affection and Loyalty Programs on Customer Loyalty
Authors: Silalahi Jojor Marintan , Alfansi Lizar , Wiardi Akram Harmoni
Published: December 2021

study investigates how brand affection, loyalty programs, and brand trust determine the loyalty in airways industry. We examined the influence of brand trust and brand affection on loyalty in airlines services. The airways companies applied loyalty programs as a trend. The purpose of the loyalty programs is to encourage the loyalty of the customers. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of brand affection and loyalty programs on brand trust and loyalty among GarudaMiles members. Primary data were collected through a survey. Data collected by online quistionnaire through social media and resulting 171 processable questionnaire. Data were analysed using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling. Confirmatory factor analysis within structural equation modeling were carried out to assess adequacy of the measurements and validity of the model. We found that brand affection is not significantly influence customer loyalty; brand affection significantly influence brand trust; and brand trust significantly influence customer loyalty. This result indicate that brand affection has an indirrect effect on loyalty, it’s mediated by brand trust. Loyalty program is not significantly effect brand trust, it has direct effect on loyalty. It’s become clear that only brand trust mediates the relationship of brand affection and loyalty. The customers of the airways companies tend to be loyal because of the loyalty programs applied by the airways companies. These finding add performance effectiveness and long-term relationships with customers in airlines industry to the factors needed to respond to the highly competitive situation at present, which will be even more important with the ASEAN Economic Community in 2015.

Keywords: Brand Affection, Brand Trust, loyalty, Loyalty Program
CAMEL As A Mathod Used For Assessing The Performance
Authors: Putu Agus Jana Susila Gede
Published: December 2021

As the role played by the Village Credit Union hereinafter referred to as Lembaga Perkreditan Desa (LPD) in the economic development of the rural society is important, the result of its performance in the form of the adequate financial statement should be presented to make people trust its existence. This present study is intended to identify how healthy the LPD Units in Gerokgak District, Buleleng Regency are using the CAMEL method for the period 2015-2016. The aspects used to assess how healthy the LPD is are as follows: (1) Capital with one ratio, namely CAR, (2) Assets with two ratios, KAP and CPRR, (3) Management, (4) Earnings with two ratios, namely ROA and BOPO, and (5) Liquidity with two ratios, namely liquid instrument and LDR. The LPD could fulfill the criterion of being healthy as the average CAMEL credit value achieved was higher than 81 (the minimum limit of being healthy). Based on the analysis of how healthy the LPD from 2015 to 2016 were, it can be concluded that: (1) The CAMEL credit value achieved in 2015 was 86.48 points. (2) In 2016, the fact that the CAMEL credit value achieved in 2016 was 88.72 points.

Keywords: CAMEL, Village Credit Union (LPD)
Cross-Cultural Study of Korean Leadership in Indonesia By Using Kluckhohn-Strodbeck's Framework
Authors: Suharnomo Suharnomo , Risdanti Ndaru
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this paper is to investigate how South Korean expatriate manager interact with Indonesian subordinates and what the difference about their culture perspective in Semarang garment enterprises and identify how the difference of culture could affect their ability to manage staff and doing their job normally. A qualitative study was conducted. Triangulation methods are used to examine the validity of research data. The result indicated South Korean manager characteristics with Kluckhohn-Strodtbeck’s dimension. There are contrast differences between South Korean manager with Indonesia employee in perception of time and space, which required adjustments in management practice for better performance results.

Keywords: Expatriate Manager, Leadership, National Culture, Organizational Culture
Analysis of Compensation System Based on Job Value of Indonesian Cooks in Kuala Lumpur
Authors: Hakim Afrisca Azumanul , Kartika Lindawati , Mansor Zuraina Dato’
Published: December 2021

Indonesian cooks is a kind of job that has a great potential to be developed, considering the high enthusiasm for Indonesian dishes in Malaysia and the popularity of Indonesian food in the world. This research aims to analyze the condition of compensation system currently applied to Indonesian Migrant Workers at cooks job cluster in Kuala Lumpur, as well as to identify the compensable factors, and to analyze the ideal compensation system. Data used in this research are primary data (questionnaire) and secondary data (literature study). This research used descriptive analysis, salary mapping analysis, point system method, and linear regression test in order to process the data. Result of the research shows (1) The evaluation result of Indonesian Migrant Cooks’ salary distribution has not been ideal entirely; (2) Compensable factors that used are knowledge and skill, organizational capabilities, self reliance, self presentation, responsibility of supervising, responses to critics, and the influence of work result; (3) The ideal compensation system for Indonesian Migrant Cooks in KL is non classification system based on Hay Plan Method, which the required funding is more efficient with amount RM 4,036.99 or about Rp.12,918,368.00.
Keywords: Compensation System, Indonesian migrant workers
COMPETENCY BASED PAY SYSTEM DESIGN AT KURSUS INDONESIA
Authors: Dwi Ptri Rahma Dinda , Gustomo Aurik
Published: December 2021

In today globalization era, competition among business is getting tighter, and it is not only about attracting customers but also attracting and retaining human capital. Kursus Indonesia have a difficulty in attract and retain their employee, and founded that their current compensation not yet satisfying their employees. This study aims to find the root cause of Kursus Indonesia’s compensation problem, design a strategic compensation system and compare the new compensation proposed salary with benchmark salary. This study used qualitative research method and the data used are primary data (interview and observation) and secondary data (literature study). To process the data gained, this study used descriptive analysis with business situation analysis and current reality tree root cause analysis, job analysis and point method job evaluation. This study found that (1) The root cause of Kursus Indonesia’s compensation problem is no alignment between the current compensation strategy with company’s business strategy; (2) Design a Competency Based Pay system is a suitable approach to solve Kursus Indonesia’s compensation problem; (3) This solution propose some improvent in Kursus Indonesia’s employee salary by using Lead Pay Policy that pay above benchmark salary.

Keywords: Attract and Retain, Compensation, Competency Based Pay,
Competition, Salary
Decision Making in The Culture and Creative Industries Environment: Lessons from The Cultural Village
Authors: Permana Chrisna T. , Harsanto Budi
Published: December 2021

Cultural village is an area-based development concept that engages with the culture and creative industries as well as tactical urbanism. Typically, a cultural village is situated in geographical areas that have traditionally had strong cultural themes and have the potential for socio-economic growth in the surrounding region. Decision-making in this environment differs from pure-profit sector decision-making. This study set out to draw lessons from the cultural village, especially in Global South, where the culturally-led consensus approach is used to reshape group decision-making processes. This study uses a systematic review method as a way to search, screen, analyze and synthesize knowledge from the academic database. The Scopus academic database is used for the search process. This paper concludes that the inclusion of culture into decision-making offers three stages of fundamental lessons for the community, which are flexibility, openness, and innovation. These three forms the foundation for the five main elements of decision-making in the cultural village, which include inclusive, participatory, collaborative, agreement-seeking, and cooperative. These findings suggest that the culturally-led consensus approach is a potential tool for policymakers to work with the community, especially to organize more bottom-up decision-making processes in traditional environments.
The Effect of Experienced High-Performance Work System and Perceived Organizational Support on Perceived Workload Through Psychological Empowerment and Job Demands
Authors: Simanjuntak Heldy Theresia
Published: December 2021

Discussion of the integrative model of high-performance work systems experienced by employees (experienced HPWS) and the perceived organizational support simultaneously test for positive and negative effects on perceived workload (PW). A recent study shows the situation that occurs in the company where employees feel burdened by the workload they have and do not get additional compensation for the excess work they do. As a company, Bayer Indonesia regularly conducts surveys to assess several aspects, including employee engagement. Based on the 2020’s employee survey result, employees perceive their current workload to be relatively high, which is evaluates as a result of processes, policies, and systems that occur in the company. This research is using Job Demands (JD) and Psychological Empowerment (PE) as a mediating. This research is an empirical study using quantitative data using a one-time data collection from survey to 200 employees. Data analysis using Structural Equation Model (SEM) -AMOS 22 software. The research has expected to provide insights to the respective company to evaluate existing policies and consider making programs that improve engagement and performance. In addition to these objectives, this study's results can add references for other researchers who want to do similar research or its modifications.
Increasing Organizational Citizenship Behavior Through Quality of Work Life and Organizational Commitment
Authors: Susilawati Endang , Amin Shofia , Musnaini Musnaini
Published: December 2021

This study aims to examine the effect of Quality of Work Life on Organizational Citizenship Behavior through Organizational Commitment as a mediating variable. The population in this study were all permanent employees of PT. Petro China International Jabung Ltd with a sample of 120 respondents. The data collection method uses questionnaire method which is measured using Likert scale and the hypotheses was tested by  using the PLS (Partial Least Square) program. The results showed that the quality of work life has positive and significant effect on Organizational Citizenship Behavior, the quality of work life is proven to have positive and significant effect on organizational commitment, organizational commitment has positive and significant effect on Organizational Citizenship Behavior, and organizational commitment partially mediates the relationship between the quality of work life and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. The implication of this research is that the increasing quality of work life will increase organizational commitment so that it can improve Organizational Citizenship Behavior. The company must continuously improve the quality of work life program to increase the employee performance with objective and systematic procedures.

 
A novel Ayurvedic medical fumigant powder Bhootastgandha and its effect in Combating Airborne pathogens - A detailed pharmacological activity review
Authors: R Sethu , Oommen Sara Monsy
Published: December 2021

Infectious diseases are becoming popular with every passing day and viral infections among them are the cause for a large number of fatalities since last two decades. All the factors including the lifestyle pave the way to reduced immunity making the human population susceptible to infections. Management of diseases is not only important; prevention of further diseases should also be of prime concern. Infectious diseases that spread through a variety of mediums like air, water etc. requires preventive measures that controls the spread of the microorganisms and keep the preventive aspect intact. Ayurveda treatment has succeeded in achieving both treatment aspect as well as preventative aspect of diseases. Dhoopana Karma is an important modality & primitive method of sterilization which can be used in preventive and curative aspect. The yoga “Bhootastagandha” is taken from the Ayurvedic compilation Sarvaroga Chikitsa Ratnam”. Learning about the practical application of the formulation, the formulation is mentioned among a group of formulations used as fumigating agents. The formulation consists of a group of 8 drugs and all the drugs on pharmacological screening is found to possess Antimicrobial, Antibacterial, Antiviral, Antifungal properties among other pharmacological actions. The details about the pharmacological activity of the drugs are collected from various research articles published. This review article mainly focuses on the phytochemical properties of the ingredient drugs as per Ayurveda classics and the utility of the formulation as an effective fumigant keeping in mind the Antimicrobial, Anti-viral, Anti –Fungal and Anti- Bacterial action of the plants.
Effect of Deha Prakruti on Intelligence - An Appraisal
Authors: R Navoday Raju N , Vaidehi Raole
Published: December 2021

Ayurveda lays great emphasis on the concept of Prakruti (body constitution) in the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. Panchamahabhoota (five basic elements of the universe) in different permutation and combination form Tridosha (three humors of the body). Prakruti is formed depending on the predominance of any one or two or three Dosha at the time of conception. Prakruti is of two types: Dosha Prakruti or Deha Prakruti and Gunamayi Prakruti or Manasa Prakruti. Deha Prakruti is of 7 types. Vataja, Pittaja, Sleshmaja, Samsargaja [combination of two Dosha] i.e., Vata-Pitta, Pitta-Sleshma, Sleshma-Vata and Sannipataja [combination of three Dosha] i.e., Vata-Pitta-Sleshma. The person of each Prakruti is mentioned to be endowed with different characteristic features which includes physical and psychological features, abilities etc. Medha (intelligence), Smruti (memory) are psychological factors differentiating one person from other with respect to ability to perform any task. Prakruti is the deciding factor of various psychological characters including Medha. This article aims at studying the effect of Deha Prakruti on intelligence.
Evaluation of impact of Siddha Suthi (purification) processes on nut of Serankottai (Semecarpus anacardium L.)
Authors: L JULIET , K N Sunil Kumar , L Reena V , V Aarthi , S Sivakkumar , S Karthik Raja , S Sathiyarajeswaran
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Serankottai (Semecarpus anacardium L.) is a Schedule E (1) drug and is considered for treating all kinds of Vatha diseases, venereal disease, skin disease and cancerous conditions. Suthi murai denotes the purification process before any drug is employed in medicine. This study is aimed at evaluating the impact of Siddha purification processes on macro-microscopical and physico-chemical characteristics of Serankottai so that a justification for such classical processes can be derived. Materials and Method: The raw (S1) and purified Serankottai (S2 to S6) samples were analyzed for their macroscopic, microscopic and powder microscopic analysis followed by the physicochemical parameters like loss on drying (LOD), total ash (TA), water soluble ash (WSA), acid insoluble ash (AIA), water soluble extractive (WSE), alcohol soluble extractive (ASE) and pH values. Results: Prismatic crystals, oil globules, sclereids, resin, fiber were observed in the microscopical studies of raw sample and these are found in the purified samples except S2 which has revealed charred cell structure. Physical nature of Serankottai has been maintained in all the purification methods except for S2. The LOD was 5.53%, 2.90%, 6.47%, 5.03%, 4.6%, 5.05% in sampleS1, S2, S3, S4, S5 and S6 respectively. The TA values were 3.44%, 18.90%, 2.59%, 2.54% 2.7% and 3.65% in sample S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 and S6 respectively. Significant differences in physico-chemical parameters were observed in different purification methods. Conclusion: The present study revealed that the Siddha purification processes have impact on physicochemical characters of Semecarpus anacardium. The need of the purification, as mentioned in Siddha texts is hereby justified.
Development of a clinically useful tool for Prakriti assessment
Authors: M Abhilash , K B Sudhikumar
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Prakriti assessment is of fundamental importance for research and standardization of clinical practice. The available tools for prakriti assessment are not intended to be used in a clinical setting, which demands a short and clinically flexible one. Methods:  3 selected tools were compared with a newly developed questionnaire. These were administered first in 100 healthy volunteers. Agreement analysis between these tools were done. The validation process was completed by running the new tool together with TNMC questionnaire in 150 more individuals who have some doshavriddhi. The results were discussed in an FGD involving clinicians and faculties. Results: The new tool has shown fair agreement with Ayusoft (kappa 0.434 and Spearman correlation 0.506) and TNMC (kappa 0.429 and Spearman correlation 0.454) questionnaires. And it showed week agreement with self-assessment tool (kappa 0.214 and Spearman correlation 0.407). Meanwhile self-assessment tool has poor agreement with both Ayusoft (kappa 0.172 and Spearman correlation 0.279) and TNMC (kappa 0.175 and Spearman correlation 0.244). Reliability was tested in a total of 250 individuals and a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.524 was obtained. Factor analysis was also done. In this total dataset, the new tool showed better agreement with TNMC questionnaire (kappa 0.581 and Spearman correlation 0.442). Conclusion: These results show that the new tool has potency to be run in large scale to study more variability among patients. This will add to the standardization of Ayurvedic diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic fields.
An Ayurvedic Management of Sickle Cell Anemia in Children: A case study
Authors: Gupta Akriti , Raskar Swapnil
Published: December 2021

Introduction:- Sickle cell anemia is a term for a group of genetic diseases characterized by the production of hemoglobin (Hb) "S". This is the result of replacing the base pair thymine at the 6th position of the β-globin gene on chromosome 11 with adenine and replacing valine with glutamic acid. A single amino acid substitution is the reason for the profound changes in the stability and solubility of the hemoglobin "S" molecule. Due to its chronic nature and painful crisis, children’s quality of life is difficult. From now on, there is no final treatment other than a successful bone marrow transplant. Its symptoms and the nature of the disease can be compared with Pandu. If a drug improves the quality of life and maintains the health of the patient, then the drug and efforts will be beneficial to society. Material and Methods:- A 9-year-old male patient was diagnosed with sickle cell anemia. Symptoms include joint and limb pain, anorexia, fatigue, loss of appetite, and weight loss. approached the OPD, department of Kaumarbhritya, Parul Institute of Ayurved, Vadodara.  Observations and Results:-The patient is taking modern medicine (1 mg folic acid once a day). The Childs parents also wanted to take Ayurvedic medicine, so they came here for 2 months of Ayurvedic medicine treatment, during which he did not have a pain crisis.Weight improved From 16 kg to 18 kg.The quality of life of a patient is also improved. Conclusion:-Therefore, the purpose of this case study is to study the pathophysiology and treatment of sickle cell anemia from an Ayurvedic perspective and to study the possible mechanism of action of the drug.
Evaluation of Market Samples of Lauha Bhasma using Namburi Phased Spot Test (NPST)
Authors: D Rakshitha , Sharma Mandvi , Hussain Gazala , Kadibagil Vinay R
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Lauha bhasma is a herbo- metallic preparation in Ayurveda; it possesses ruksha- guru- lekhana guna, madhura vipaka, sheeta veerya which is indicated in kushta, kshaya, pandu, krimi, etc. disease conditions. Though bhasma are prepared by following the classical methods, in this commercialized world its purity and quality is a question. So in this study, classical bhasma pareeksha and Namburi Phased Spot Test (NPST) methods were employed on two market samples of Lauha bhasma to assess their purity and quality. Materials and Methods: Lauha bhasma of both market samples (sample 1 and sample 2) were subjected to classical bhasma pareeksha and NPST test methods. Observations and Results: Both samples were subjected to NPST and different test methods then parameters obtained were compared to standard values as per CCRAS guidelines. Discussion: Both samples of Lauha bhasma have passed the classical bhasma pareeksha suggestive of proper formation ofbhasma but differed in the time period of changes observed at different phases in NPST test. pH of both samples signifies the alkaline nature of bhasma. Conclusion: Both samples have tested for different parameters in which sample 1 showed changes as mentioned in NPST standards on-time compared to sample 2.
In-vitro Anti-Oxidant Property of Vallarai (Centella asiatica) cultivated by conventional and traditional Methods
Authors: P M INDHU , S Sivakkumar , R Meenakumari
Published: December 2021

In ancient times, Siddhars have been described and also used the traditional methods to cultivate the anti-oxidant herbs for rejuvenation purpose and also they are listed some plants as anti-oxidant herbs. They were used Semicarpus anacardium manure for cultivation of anti-oxidant plants. In Siddha, these anti-oxidant herbs are mentioned as Kayakarpam (Rejuvenation therapy). Most of the Non Communicable Diseases (NCD) are caused by oxidative stress. These anti-oxidant herbs are helps to reduce oxidative stress and prevent the incidence of NCDs. Centella asiatica (Vallarai) is one of the Kayakarpa medicinal plants. The traditional cultivation method for Kayakarpa herbs are also described in Siddha especially for Centella asiatica (Vallarai). Therefore, this study was aimed to validate the in-vitro anti-oxidant property of Vallarai cultivated by conventional (sample A) and traditional methods (sample B). The study samples were screened for anti-oxidant activity by DPPH assay, Nitric Oxide radical scavenging assay, ABTS assay and H2O2 radical scavenging assay and the IC50 value of the study drug,  sample-A was 88.6 ± 8.536 (μg /ml), 183 ± 15.55 (μg/ml), 78.92 ± 8.43 (μg /ml) and 183 ± 11.64 (μg /ml) whereas sample- B was 57.06 ± 1.221 (μg /ml); 145.1 ± 13.12 (μg/ml); 96.45 ± 3.966 (μg /ml) and  132.3 ± 18.71 (μg /ml) respectively. This study results revealed that, both samples are possessing anti-oxidant property and sample B have greater scavenging activity compared to sample A. Hence, The Traditional method can be adopted for cultivation of anti-oxidant herbs, which helps to retain the active components and enhances the anti-oxidant potency of medicinal herbs.
Investigating the effect of Sesame Ointment on Wound healing of Episiotomy
Authors: Amani Babadi Najmeh , Kheirkhah Masoomeh , Mojab Faraz , Haghani Hamid
Published: December 2021

Episiotomy is one of the most common midwifery interventions method for preventing injuries to the pelvic floor during the delivery process. Traditional medicine has a special place in improving the quality of postpartum care. Sesame is one of the herbs with anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial and antioxidant activity.  This study was evaluate the effect of sesame ointment on episiotomy healing. Methods: This randomized control clinical trial was performed on 104 eligible women. The samples were block randomly assigned to one of the groups Intervention and control. Samples were used sesame and placebo ointment for epizootics from 4 hours after delivery for ten days every 8 hours. Clinical evaluation of episiotomy ulcer was performed 4 hours, 7 and 10 days after delivery with using REEDA tool. SPSS software version 16 was used for data analysis. P value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The average of wound healing rate was 7 days after episiotomy in the intervention group 0.09 ± 0.29 and in the control group was 0.73 ± 0.44. Independent t-test showed that the two groups had a significant difference (p <0.001).Healing of the wound 10 days after episiotomy showed that the mean scores in the control group (0.4 ± 0.49) and in the intervention group (0.02 ± 0.13), healing in the intervention group significantly decreased from the control group (p <0.001). Conclusion: Sesame ointment can be used as a pain relief and accelerator for episiotomy healing.
Relationship between Job satisfactions with Job burnout among Faculty members of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Arasteh Modabber , Seyedoshohadaei Seyedeh Asrin
Published: December 2021

Background and Purpose: Job satisfaction is a positive or positive state, which is the result of an individual job experience assessment. This study was designed to investigate the relationship between job satisfaction and burnout in faculty members of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 122 faculty members working in Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences in 2010. In order to collect job satisfaction information, a questionnaire with reliability and reliability (Cronbach's alpha, 95%) and a standardized multivariate questionnaire were used to collect the burnout information from Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) to assess the degree of burnout in four The domain of emotional exhaustion, personal performance, personality deprivation and conflict were used.

Findings: The majority of the faculty members were male (70.5%), in the medical school (73.8%), with a seniority of 10-6 (35%), and ranked associate professors (54.1%). The frequency of burnout was estimated at 73.8% and 61.5%, respectively. Only 20.5% of faculty members had job dissatisfaction. There was no statistically significant relationship between age and sex variables, years of service, academic rank, educational groups and salary with job satisfaction and burnout (p ≥ 0.05).

Conclusion: In general, it can be said that the faculty members of the university have a good job satisfaction, and their job burnout is also acceptable. By examining the causes of dissatisfaction and the factors that contribute to the burnout of the faculty members, Promoted.
Lead Poisoning Frequency and its Associated Factors
Authors: Talebian Ahmad , Karim Saba , Dashgar Abbas , Saberi Hamid Reza
Published: December 2021

Background: Despite wide range of measures to control lead pollution in recent decades, this heavy metal poisoning remains as a health problem in all societies particularly industrialized communities. In this study, frequency of lead poisoning and its related factors in 2-12 years old children in Kashan-Iran were evaluted. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on 150 healthy children referred to health centers to receive routine health care. Samples were selected based on cluster. Serum lead levels determined by atomic spectroscopy. Results: The mean lead levels in children were 9.27±9.55µg/dl. The frequency of lead poisoning was 30.0% and it was related to moderate social status (OR=1.72, 95%CI=1.04-2.86, p=0.03) and weak economic status (OR= 3.12, 95%CI=1.69-5.56, p<0.001). There were no significant relation between age, gender and place of residence and lead poisoning. Conclusion: Lead poisoning was found to be prevalent and is related to the socio-economic situation.