bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Educación para la ciudadanía: referentes europeos
Authors: Puig Gutiérrez María , Domene Martos Soledad , Morales Lozano Juan Antonio
Published: November 2020

Presentamos en este artículo un recorrido en torno a las políticas educativas europeas que favorecen el desarrollo de una ciudadanía democrática. el objetivo que perseguimos es comprender el modo en que actualmente está siendo interpretada e impulsada la educación para la Ciudadanía desde la Unión europea. Para ello ofrecemos una delimitación conceptual de la «educación para la Ciudadanía» y posteriormente mostramos un análisis de los principales documentos y materiales elaborados principalmente por el Consejo de Europa, que marcan el camino seguido por la Unión europea en materia de educación para la Ciudadanía Democrática (ECD).
¿Creatividad o pasión? Qué está en juego en la filosofía para niños
Authors: Vansieleghem Nancy , Masschelein Jan
Published: November 2020

Desde principios de los años noventa podemos percibir un interés creciente en la filosofía para niños. Los niños son considerados individuos con competencias filosóficas capaces de construir el significado de la vida por sí mismos. en este artículo queremos problematizar el interés actual en la filosofía para niños a partir de un análisis de la subjetividad particular que ésta promueve. El objetivo es analizar el tipo de sujeto que quiere filosofar (con niños), la racionalidad de la relación con uno mismo que caracteriza este sujeto y el modo en que la filosofía aparece en este contexto. Nuestra cuestión es: ¿Qué tipo de sujeto emerge en y a través de este discurso sobre filosofía con niños? argumentaremos que este discurso moviliza lo que Bröckling ha descrito como la figura del sujeto emprendedor. Para concluir esbozaremos otra figura del sujeto filosófico, una figura que rechaza la actitud del sujeto emprendedor.
La educación multicultural en los ámbitos sociales. Revalorización del papel de la sociedad civil
Authors: Barbosa Manuel
Published: November 2020

La acción educativa de la sociedad civil, debido a un enfoque excesivamente centrado en la escolarización, no ha sido valorada como debiera. Pero hoy en día, dada la necesidad urgente de crear futuros sociales viables en los espacios multiculturales de las grandes ciudades, tenemos que redescubrirla y recuperarla para esa tarea. El objetivo de este artículo, después de analizar la diversificación y la complejidad de los ámbitos sociales multiculturales como consecuencia de la inmigración masiva a las áreas urbanas cosmopolitas y de discutir, en este sentido, las alternativas que se presentan, con realismo y sostenibilidad, en relación al futuro en estas áreas, será revalorizar el potencial educativo de las instituciones de la sociedad civil y colocarlo, en términos concretos y estratégicos, al servicio de un nuevo paradigma de las relaciones sociales en espacios urbanos multiculturales.
Ujaran Kebencian, Hoax dan Perilaku Memilih (Studi Kasus pada Pemilihan Presiden 2019 di Indonesia)
Authors: Sirait Ferdinand Eskol Tiar
Published: November 2020

Pilpres 2019 adalah pengulangan dari kontestasi 2 (dua) kandidat yang sebelumnya bertarung pada pilpres 2014. Kontestasi pilpres 2019 diwarnai dengan meluasnya penggunaan ujaran kebencian dan hoax, dimana salah satu medium terbesar dalam penyebarannya adalah pada media sosial. Sebagaimana hasil-hasil penelitian terdahulu, kampanye negatif dan hitam terutama diarahkan pada petahana. Penggunaan media sosial dan berita daring sebagai medium kampanye negatif dan hitam ini dikarenakan media sosial dan portal berita daring memiliki fitur-fitur yang sulit dikendalikan oleh petahana. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif, tulisan ini mencoba melihat dampak dari kampanye hitam terhadap perolehan suara capres petahana Joko Widodo. Hasil penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa sedikit banyaknya kampanye negatif dan hitam memiliki dampak yang terbatas pada perolehan suara. Dampak ini terutama terlihat di daerah-daerah di mana faktor sosiologis memainkan peran penting dalam menentukan pilihan politik. Namun, ia tidak memiliki dampak pada daerah-daerah dimana faktor psikologis (yakni kedekatan partai) lebih berpengaruh. Singkatnya, hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa faktor-faktor sosiologis dan psikologis merupakan variable anteseden yang mempengaruhi relasi antara kampanye hitam dengan perolehan suara.Kata Kunci: ujaran kebencian, hoax, media digital, perilaku memilih, pilpres
Formula Konversi Suara Sainte Lague dan Dampaknya pada Sistem Kepartaian: Evaluasi Pemilu Serentak 2019
Authors: Sweinstani Mouliza Kristhopher Donna
Published: November 2020

Dalam sebuah negara demokrasi, pilihan dari sistem pemilu perlu untuk dipilih dan dirumuskan secara komprehensif karena masing-masing memiliki konsekuensi politik yang berbeda. Tidak terkecuali di Indonesia, perubahan unsur sistem pemilu pada Pemilu Serentak 2019 juga memiliki konkuensinya tersendiri. Salah satu perubahan yang menarik untuk dikaji lebih dalam adalah perubahan formula elektoral dari Hare LR menjadi Sainte Lague (SLM). Dengan melakukan simulasi penghitugan formula Hare LR, SLM, dan dua alternatif lain, yaitu d’Hondt dan Hungarian Sainte Lague, diketahui bahwa SLM memberikan dampak yang nyaris identik dengan Hare LR dalam hal jumlah partai politik yang potensial dihasilkan. SLM masih berpotensi besar menghasilkan multipartai ekstrem karena formula ini tidak dapat secara optimal menyederhanakan partai politik terpilih. Kondisi ini tentunya membuat perubahan formula ini masih belum sejalan dengan kepentingan penguatan sistem presidensialisme yang memerlukan adanya penyederhanaan partai. Oleh karena itu, studi ini merekomendasikan perlunya perubahan formula elektoral dalam sistem daftar proporsional yang diterapkan di Indonesia. Dengan memperhatikan LSq dan BONUSRAT, studi ini merekomendasikan formula Hungarian Sainte Lague sebagai alternatif formula elektoral yang dapat digunakan di Indonesia.Kata Kunci: Formula Elektoral, Hare LR, Sainte Lague, Sistem Kepartaian
Problematik Rekrutmen Penyelenggara Pemilu di Tingkat TPS (Tempat Pemungutan Suara) Pada Pemilu Serentak 2019 : Antara Regulasi dan Implementasi
Authors: Ismanu Muhammad Nuh
Published: November 2020

Dalam penyelenggaraan suatu pemilihan umum terdapat penyelenggara yang memiliki peran penting sebagai petugas pemilihan di tingkat bawah, yaitu pada tingkat Tempat Pemungutan Suara (TPS). Penyelenggara dimaksud adalah Petugas Pemutakhiran Data Pemilih (PPDP) atau yang disebut juga dengan Pantarlih dan Kelompok Penyelenggara Pemungutan Suara (KPPS). Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2017 tentang Pemilihan Umum dapat diketahui bahwa Pantarlih memiliki peran sebagai pelaksana proses pendaftaran dan pemutakhiran data pemilih dan KPPS memiliki peran sebagai pelaksana pemungutan dan penghitungan suara di TPS. Faktor yang akan menentukan dalam pemenuhan kualifikasi SDM (Sumber Daya Manusia) yang dibutuhkan dalam pengisian jabatan tersebut adalah rekrutmen. Tulisan ini bermaksud membahas rekrutmen penyelenggara pemilu di tingkat TPS pada pemilu serentak 2019 dalam aspek regulasi dengan implementasinya. Dari pembahasan tersebut diharapkan dapat memberikan gambaran realitas pelaksanaan pemilu di tingkat TPS dan dapat menjadi bahan masukan untuk evaluasi penyelenggaraan pemilu serentak 2019. Kata Kunci: Proses Rekrutmen; Penyelenggara Pemilu di Tingkat TPS; Pemilu Serentak 2019.
STRATEGI PERTAHANAN MARITIM INDONESIA DI TENGAH DINAMIKA PERANG HIBRIDA KAWASAN LAUT CHINA SELATAN
Authors: Fajri M. Bahtiar
Published: November 2020

Dinamika lingkungan strategis di kawasan Laut China Selatan (LCS) terus mengalami perubahan. Dampaknya, Indonesia yang secara tegas mendeklarasikan dirinya sebagai non-claimant states turut dalam arena persengketaan. Upaya claimant-states (negara pihak) dalam merebutkan hak di LCS menciptakan sebuah perang unconventional yang dinamakan peperangan hibrida. Penelitian ini berfokus pada dinamika perang hibrida di kawasan LCS dan bagaimana strategi pertahanan Indonesia untuk menangkal jenis peperangan ini. Penelitian ini mengambil data dari berbagai sumber literatur kemudian dianalisis mengggunakan faktor lingkungan strategis dan kepentingan claimant-states yang dihubungkan dengan kondisi geopolitik dan geostrategis yang berkembang di kawasan. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa peperangan hibrida memang benar-benar terjadi dengan berbagai macam bentuknya. Cara yang tepat bagi Indonesia untuk menangkalnya adalah dengan menyusun dan memperkuat strategi pertahanan maritimnya dan membentuk komponen utama melalui restrukturisasi K/L berdasarkan Militer, Politik, Ekonomi, Sipil, dan Informasi (MPESI). Strategi ini sangat bergantung pada kekuatan eskalasi dan penggunaan kekuatan militer negara di wilayah sengketa. Strategi ini juga memerlukan kajian lebih lanjut apabila terdapat pengaruh penggunaan senjata nuklir dari salah satu negara yang bersengketa.      Kata Kunci: Strategi Maritim Indonesia, Peperangan Hibrida, Sengketa Laut China Selatan
TREN DAN PEMICU KEKERASAN TERORGANISASI DI ASIA TENGGARA 1989–2018
Authors: Kristimanta Putri Ariza
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini mengelaborasi tren kekerasan terorganisasi di Asia Tenggara pada rentang waktu 1989–2018 menggunakan data primer Uppsala Conflict Data Program (UCDP). Berbeda dengan tren global yang menunjukkan kenaikan signifikan pada konflik non-negara, konflik berbasis-negara sedikit meningkat,  sedangkan konflik non-negara dan kekerasan sepihak sedikit menurun. Dalam hal intensitas konflik, jumlah korban jiwa tercatat tetap tinggi akibat perang antara Islamic State dan Filipina di Marawi, Mindanao pada tahun 2017. Terdapat 186 konflik berbasis-negara/bersenjata, 23 konflik non-negara, dan 78 kekerasan sepihak di Asia Tenggara yang tercatat di dataset. Jumlah konflik antarnegara dan konflik internal yang mengalami intervensi negara lain tetap rendah, sedangkan 183 dari 186 adalah konflik bersenjata intranegara. Perebutan wilayah adalah ketidakcocokan utama dengan jumlah 135 konflik bersenjata intranegara. Penelitian ini juga mengelaborasi pemicu kekerasan terorganisasi dengan menggunakan Myanmar sebagai contoh. Sebagai negara dengan tujuh dekade pengalaman insurgensi etnis, Myanmar mendominasi statistik dengan 83 konflik, jumlah tertinggi dalam konflik bersenjata intranegara. Ketegangan dan persamaan kepentingan antara tentara Myanmar (Tatmadaw) dan kelompok etnis bersenjata adalah pemicu utama dari insurgensi. Kemudian, terdapat tiga pemicu di tingkat nasional sesuai dengan konteks dan kompleksitas Myanmar, yaitu (1) ketegangan sipil vs militer; (2) identitas; dan (3) terpusat vs federasi, dan tiga pemicu di tingkat lokal, yaitu (1) otoritas atas penduduk; (2) kontrol atas wilayah; dan (3) akses terhadap sumber daya. Kata Kunci: Asia Tenggara, kekerasan terorganisasi, konflik bersenjata, konflik bersenjata intranegara, Uppsala Conflict Data Program
MENAKAR KEBERLANJUTAN VISI POROS MARITIM DUNIA DI TENGAH AGENDA PEMBANGUNAN MARITIM REGIONAL
Authors: Krisman Khanisa , Sinaga Lidya C
Published: November 2020

Poros Maritim Dunia merupakan visi yang menandai perubahan haluan pembangunan di Indonesia. Ambisi maritim ini bukan hanya ditujukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dalam negeri, melainkan juga untuk mencapai posisi sebagai sebuah “poros” dalam skala global. Namun, untuk mencapai hal tersebut Indonesia harus memastikan adanya penguatan maritim di lingkup regional Asia Tenggara yang secara geografis mengelilinginya dan secara strategis memiliki kaitan erat, terutama dalam kerangka kerja sama di ASEAN. Untuk itu, Indonesia harus memastikan terbentuknya sebuah lingkungan kondusif bagi keberlangsungan Poros Maritim Dunia itu sendiri. Artikel ini lebih jauh membahas usaha-usaha yang telah dilakukan pada lima tahun pertama masa pemerintahan Presiden Joko Widowo (2014–2019) untuk memastikan sinkronisasi antara visi Poros Maritim Dunia dan skema pembangunan maritim di ASEAN serta melihat bagaimana visi ini diposisikan dalam periode kedua pemerintahan Joko Widodo. Kata Kunci: ASEAN, Indonesia, Indo-Pasifik, maritim, poros maritim dunia
Short food supply chains as opportunities for Hungarian paragastro social enterprises
Authors: Török Áron , Agárdi Irma
Published: November 2020

In the recent years the alternative food networks gained a significant importance, mainly due to the need of consumers to get closer to the farmers both in terms of physical distance and in number of intermediaries. The concept of building a reliable food system tries to balance the mistrust in the industrialized food production that is dominating in the developed countries. Social enterprises are enterprises pursuing primarily social objectives in business environment. In 2015, in Hungary more than 13.000 social enterprises were registered according to the statistics with many different social missions. However, the number of social enterprises in the catering sector is quite limited. The Hungarian para-gastro movement consists of 7 different organisations, operating in the catering sector and employing handicapped and/or disabled workforce. Against this background, in our paper we would like to investigate the business models of Hungarian social enterprises in the catering sector, somehow connected and related to short food supply chains. To the best of our knowledge, currently only 3 companies fulfil all these criteria: Ízlelő Restaurant from Szekszárd, Hatpöttyös Restaurant from Székesfehérvár and the Batyu-Téka from Miskolc. In order to understand the business models of these three companies, we applied an expert interview based, qualitative approach. We also analysed the publicly available financial statements of them and calculate the most important (financial) ratios. Altogether we tried to analyse the role of direct sourcing, the niche market of local foods and obviously the advantages and the disadvantages of the social entrepreneurship.  Results show that currently the social enterprises requires (state) subsidy to survive, the average share of subsidies was 19-49% of the total income among the investigated companies. However, all have their unique way to pursue the survival and the level of commitment to short food supply chains is very different. Altogether we could identify possible synergies where social gastro enterprises can benefit from direct sourcing.
The situation of the employed in agriculture
Authors: Bencze Tibor
Published: November 2020

Efficiency improvements result in reduced employment. Regarding the actual individual consumption per capital and the GDP per capita in the EU member states- Hungary is among the lasts. The main reason for this is the weak international competitive role. Competitiveness is one of the prerequisites for efficiency which requires skilled workforce. However, the unemployed from rural regions are generally low-skilled so their employment is not a viable option in the competitive industry or in the agricultural market.

In Hungary, the educational attainment level of agricultural workers is significantly lower than the employment of any other section’s or the EU average. Agriculture cannot solve the employment problems of the rural population, it may only contributes modestly to the creation of new workplaces. GDP or gross domestic product is the sum of depreciation, wages and capital income. One of the main reasons of the low GDP per capita is the fact that the wages in Hungary are just a mere fraction of a Western European employee’s with the same performance. The share of agriculture has been steadily decreasing in employment and in the production of gross value added, where the average wage of agriculture is significantly lower than the average of the national economy. It also plays a role in lowering the contribution of agriculture to GDP than the proportion of active workers. This explains the higher of a worker’s level of education is, the chances they stay in the agriculture permanently is reducing significantly. The social recognition of agricultural activity can only be improved if the agricultural earnings or income of qualified young people reaches the average of the national economy.
Effects of different fertilizer doses on the yield and some quality parameters of winter wheat
Authors: Jakab Péter , Masa Nóra , Baranyi Anita , Hódiné Szél Margit
Published: November 2020

The influence of different fertilizer doses on the yield and quality of winter wheat was studied on meadow soil in the crop-year 2016-2017 in Hódmezővásárhely. The experiment was set up on the area of the SZTE Tangazdaság Ltd, in three replications. The forecrop was sunflower. Six fertilizer setups were applied besides the control: N80PK30, N100PK30, N130PK30, N150PK30, N170PK0, and N170PK50 kg/ha active ingredients. The year 2016-2017 was unfavourable for winter wheat production. The amount of precipitation in the vegetative period of winter wheat was lower than the average. The obtained data were processed by single factor ANOVA. In the control treatment, the yield was 4.20 t/ha. The maximum yield of 5.60 t/ha was reached with N130PK30 kg/ha fertilizer treatment. The yield difference between the two treatments was statistically justified. The nutrient doses higher than N130PK30 did not increase the yield of wheat.

A crude protein content of 17.60% was measured in the N0PK0 treatment. The highest content of crude protein (18.70%) was in the N100PK30 and N130PK30 treatments. The Zeleny number was 70.40 ml in the control treatment. In the N130PK30 treatment, it reached the maximum value of 76.0 ml. In our experiment, the N130PK30 kg/ha fertilizer dose was the most favourable concerning the yield and quality parameters of the examined winter wheat variety.
Competitiveness of meat and associated products in international trade
Authors: Jámbor Attila
Published: November 2020

There has been considerable growth in global meat trade recently in line with globally increasing population and changing diets. The paper analyses competitiveness patterns in global meat trade between 1989 and 2018. The article applies the method of revealed comparative advantages on global meat trade data and reaches a number of conclusions. First, results show top 10 countries in global meat exports and imports as well as most traded products. Global meat exports are dominated by the United States, Brazil and the Netherlands, whole main meat importers were Japan, Germany and the United Kingdom. The paper shows that global meat trade is highly concentrated by country and product but this concentration has decreased considerably in the previous 20 years. By analysing specialisation in global meat trade, a diverse picture becomes apparent where export positions and comparative advantages are not always moving together. Last but not least, Hungarian positions are also analysed in context throughout the paper.
Analysis of game damage estimation methods in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) thruogh GIS simulations
Authors: Kovács Imre , Szabó Andrea , Schally Gergely , Csányi Sándor , Bleier Norbert
Published: November 2020

Wildlife damage to agriculture causes significant economic loss worldwide annually. Game managers or hunters are responsible for the financial compensation of the crop damage caused by game species in several countries, including Hungary. Accredited experts estimate the level of the damage; however, currently, there are no standardised methods that would be obligatory to apply. In order to obtain information on the accuracy and bias of the different sampling methods, we designed GIS simulations in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum), which covers a significant proportion of the arable land not only in Hungary, but also globally.

We tested two sampling methods with three sampling plot arrangements in a GIS environment. Our questions were the following: (1) How accurate and biased are the examined samplings? (2) Does the rate or the spatial distribution of the damage (or the interaction of these factors) affect the results of the investigated methods?

We created 15 wheat field models with 1:2 side ratio, 12 cm row width and the area of 3 ha. We simulated 5 damage rates (10%, 30%, 50%, 70%, 90%) and 3 spatial damage patterns [random, aggregated in 1 and 2 field edges], of which the latter two follow the actual pattern of crop damage caused by big game species. V, W and X sampling tracks were allocated on each field model, and then they were sampled with square shaped, 1 m2 quadrats and 1 m long row sections (with 5 repetitions). The sample size was 20 and 25 plots, respectively (determined by the original description of the methods). At the sample plots, the total number of plants and the number of damaged plants were counted.

According to our results, the statistical parameters of the different samplings were similar; the difference between the best and the poorest values was low. The rate and spatial distribution of the damage, as well as their interaction,  had a significant effect on the estimation of each quadrat sampling, while the row sections were significantly affected only by the damage distribution (V and W tracks) or the damage rate (X track).

According to our findings however, the difference between the labour-intensity of the two approaches can be decisive. With the sample sizes in our study, remarkably lower number of plants had to be examined along the row sections, than in the quadrats. This suggests that the experts can obtain similar quality results with less effort, if they choose the row section sampling over the quadrats.
Trade characteristics of the Western Balkans’ agriculture
Authors: Mizik Tamás
Published: November 2020

Western Balkans countries can be characterized by their shared aim, the quickest possible accession to the European Union (EU), to their major trade partner. Autonomous trade preferences granted by the EU were renewed until 2020 and they provide free trade to these countries for most of their products. This paper gives an overview of the Western Balkans’ agricultural performance, followed by a detailed trade analysis. It identifies major export products and the concentration of trade. Agricultural trade will be separated into regional and EU markets to reveal differences and similarities in the trade patterns.
Towards Next Generation Pandemic Proof Factories
Authors: Gupta Satyandra K.
Published: November 2020

The coronavirus disease pandemic has caused serious challenges for manufacturing organizations. Several existing smart manufacturing technologies can be adapted and integrated into factory operations to ensure that the factory can continue to operate efficiently during the next pandemic. This technical note describes how technologies such as collaborative robotics, augmented reality, virtual reality, telepresence, artificial intelligence, and additive manufacturing can be used to minimize disruptions to factory operations and realize pandemic proof factories.
Optimiser le questionnement didactique en science et technologie pour mieux rétroagir et évaluer les élèves
Authors: Monney Nicole , Couture Christine , Duquette Catherine , Boulay Hans
Published: November 2020

Cet article présente les résultats d’une recherche collaborative portant sur les pratiques de rétroactions d’enseignants du primaire durant l’enseignement de la science et technologie. La problématique concerne le défi d’instaurer des pratiques évaluatives qui soutiennent l’apprentissage. L’analyse des données issues d'entrevues semi-dirigées et de rencontres en communauté d’apprentissage présente l'évolution des enseignantes dans leur compréhension des démarches et des critères d’évaluation. L’interprétation des données permet de dégager un lien entre le questionnement et la rétroaction sur les apprentissages et de souligner l’intérêt de la recherche collaborative pour faire évoluer les pratiques et les cadres de références des chercheurs en éducation.
ІННОВАЦІЙНІ МЕТОДИКИ ВИКЛАДАННЯ ДИСЦИПЛІН У ЗВО В ПРОЦЕСІ МАГІСТЕРСЬКОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ
Authors: Cтинська Вікторія , Прокопів Любов
Published: November 2020

У статті проаналізовано фактори розвитку вищої освіти, що актуалізують інноваційні освітні процеси; висвітлено сутність категорії «інновація» щодо вищої освіти; охарактеризовано найбільш ефективні інноваційні методи викладання дисциплін у ЗВО у процесі магістерської підготовки зі спеціальності 011 Освітні, педагогічні науки (кейс-метод, ділова гра, метод «Коло ідей», метод «Акваріум», метод «Займи позицію», проблемний (проблемно-пошуковий метод), моделювання, аудіовізуальний метод навчання, метод проєктів, «Дерево рішень» та ін.).Встановлено, що у світлі сучасних вимог підготовка студентів у ЗВО має бути максимально спрямованою на майбутні фахові потреби, формувати такий рівень професійної та загальної культури, фахової компетентності, який дозволить підтримувати високий професіоналізм у будь-якій сфері діяльності. Такий підхід у процесі магістерської підготовки передбачає не тільки розроблення і введення в навчальні плани нових перспективних дисциплін, а й упровадження інноваційних методик.Зроблено висновок, що стратегічною метою реформування вищої освіти і науки в Україні є створення ефективного інноваційного освітнього середовища у ЗВО, упровадження найсучасніших методів навчання у соціокультурній сфері, системі управління та організації праці в умовах ринкової економіки.Отже, тільки органічне поєднання інноваційних методик із класичними, традиційними, продумане і гармонійне комбінування різних методів щодо кожної дисципліни та кожного заняття залежно від їх мети, призначення, специфіки сприятиме підвищенню якості та інтенсивності освітнього процесу уЗВО у процесі магістерської підготовки.
INCLUSIVE SPACE IN THE LITERATURE FOR CHILDREN (On the base of the tale “Non-jumping Bunny and his Brave Mother” by Oksana Drachkovska)
Authors: Деркачова Ольга , Ушневич Соломія , Титунь Оксана
Published: November 2020

The article deals with research on inclusive space in children’s inclusive literature. Today creating a Ukrainian inclusive educational environment is an important issue. However, a friendly space is as important as a friendly society. Inclusive literature, in particular literature for children, contributes to creating a friendly community. The peculiarities of the Ukrainian inclusive environment in the literary context are considered on the example of the book for children by Oksana Drachkovska “Non-jumping Bunny and his Brave Mother”. The aim of the writer and, accordingly, Mother Zaichykha from the given tale is to solve problems when creating such an environment. It is the environment where all children study together according to general education programs. The author creates an outstanding example of inclusive space where it is comfortable and good for everyone.
ВЛАСТИВОСТІ ДІЙ З ОБЧИСЛЕННЯ ТА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ОБЧИСЛЮВАЛЬНОЇ НАВИЧКИ
Authors: Романишин Руслана
Published: November 2020

У статті cхарактеризовані обчислювальні дії з точки зору діяльнісного підходу у психології. Встановлено, що вони відносяться до розумових дій, які, за визначенням П. Гальперіна, є підсумком перетворення зовнішньої матеріальної дії у план сприйняття, уявлень та понять. На основі досліджень П. Гальперіна та С. Степанової показано, що для формування повноцінної дії, зокрема обчислювальної, необхідна строга послідовність відпрацювання етапів. На кожному з цих етапів відбувається формування певних властивостей дії. Це пояснюється тим, що кожна більш висока форма утворюється на основі попередньої.Описано шість напрямів, за якими відбувається зміна дії із зовнішньої, матеріальної – у розумову. Аналізуються структурні, динамічні, рівневі та психологічні параметри дії. Усі ці характеристики враховані М. Бантовою при характеристиці повноцінної обчислювальної навички, до якої вчена віднесла правильність, усвідомленість, раціональність, узагальненість, автоматизм та міцність.
ПСИХОЛОГО-ПЕДАГОГІЧНИЙ АСПЕКТ ФОРМУВАННЯ СОЦІОКУЛЬТУРНОЇ ІДЕНТИЧНОСТІ УЧНІВ ГІРСЬКИХ ШКІЛ РЕГІОНУ УКРАЇНСЬКИХ КАРПАТ
Authors: Червінська Інна
Published: November 2020

У статті проаналізовано теоретичні підходи до феномену соціокультурна ідентичність, визначено психолого-педагогічні засади формування соціокультурної ідентичності учнів гірських шкіл регіону Українських Карпат. З метою дослідження методологічних, концептуальних і методичних підходів, які розкривають різні варіанти характеристики поняття «соціокультурна ідентичність» у контексті міждисциплінарного дискурсу обґрунтовано природу ідентичності, зумовлену потребою зростаючої особистості у визнанні серед інших успішної самореалізації. Метою дослідження є опис регіональних особливостей процесу формування соціокультурної ідентичності учнів гірських шкіл у контексті сталого розвитку регіону Українських Карпат.

Наголошується, що конвергентність застосування методологічних підходів, принципів, методів, форм та ідей зумовлює інноваційні шляхи розв’язання проблеми формування соціокультурної ідентичності зростаючої особистості в освітньому процесі та в позакласній діяльності закладу загальної середньої освіти гірського регіону. Акцентується увага на процесі формування соціокультурної ідентичності особистості в сучасному суспільстві, яка є складною і водночас актуальною проблемою, яка уможливлює більш ґрунтовно зрозуміти специфіку взаємин людини й суспільства, людини й середовища та спрогнозувати можливі варіанти розвитку соціальних процесів, розробити теоретичне підґрунтя нових уявлень про соціокультурний розвиток особистості.
Filosofía política y libertad de expresión: El control de los medios de comunicación y la construcción de la opinión pública
Authors: Aguilar Ramírez Esteban A.
Published: November 2020

El presente artículo aborda el problema de la libertad de expresión, contempla distintas perspectivas de la filosofía política que han problematizado al respecto: ¿Qué podemos entender por el concepto libertad de expresión? ¿Cómo ha sido abordado por la filosofía política y otras perspectivas relevantes? Tales son los principales cuestionamientos que nos provocan esbozar estas páginas. Adicionalmente, se aborda el tema del control político de los medios de comunicación y la construcción de la opinión pública, con el fin de analizar los mecanismos de persuasión que pueden ser utilizados por los medios de comunicación masiva, no solo en la construcción de la opinión pública, sino en la obstaculización de un ejercicio pleno de la libertad de expresión.

Palabras clave: Libertad de expresión, derecho a la comunicación, medios de comunicación, control político.
Rola poloksameru 188 w leczeniu ran
Authors: Kucharzewski Marek , Szkiler Elżbieta , Wilemska-Kucharzewska Katarzyna , Krasowski Grzegorz , Chrapusta Anna
Published: November 2020

Ważną częścią procesu gojenia rany jest jej oczyszczenie i zmniejszenie obecnego w jej obrębie stanu zapalnego. Do bardzo częstych przyczyn zakłócania procesu gojenia należy zakażenie bakteryjne, znacząco rzutujące na czas jego trwania. W walce z trudno gojącymi się ranami kluczowe jest odpowiednio dobrane skuteczne i nowoczesne leczenie. Prowadzone badania i najnowsze wytyczne w terapii ran podkreślają wskazania do stosowania poliheksametylenu biguanidu (PHMB) – antyseptyku o bardzo dobrej tolerancji tkankowej i szerokim spektrum działania przeciwdrobnoustrojowego w leczeniu m.in. przewlekle zainfekowanych ran. Obecnie duże nadzieje wiąże się z zastosowaniem związków należących do grupy powierzchniowo czynnych, czyli surfaktantów – np. niejonowy surfaktant poloksamer 188 (P188). Wykazuje on właściwości bakteriobójcze, a dzięki zdolności do formowania i tworzenia hydrożeli możliwe jest jego wykorzystywanie w przemyśle farmaceutycznym jako środka wspomagającego działanie antybiotyków i dostarczanie leków. Jednoczesne wykorzystanie w procesie leczenia niejonowego surfaktantu P188 oraz PHMB podnosi efektywność oczyszczania i skuteczność leczenia ran, przyspieszając ich gojenie.
Podchloryny – skuteczność w leczeniu ran
Authors: Dzikowska Mirosława , Wojtas Katarzyna , Kózka Maria
Published: November 2020

W leczeniu ran, a zwłaszcza ran przewlekłych, wykorzystuje się środki, które warunkują proces ich gojenia poprzez oczyszczanie, zapobieganie rozwojowi infekcji, a także wspomaganie ziarninowania i naskórkowania. Wielolekowa oporność wynikająca ze stosowania antybiotyków w leczeniu ran kierunkuje dalsze badania w obszarze skutecznych i dobrze tolerowanych preparatów ponadtlenkowych. Brak rozwoju oporności na środki antyseptyczne, uszkadzające nieodwracalnie patogeny, stanowi obiecującą perspektywę potencjału antyseptycznego leczenia ran. Antyseptyki, z uwagi na skuteczność, dobrą tolerancję oraz bezpieczeństwo znajdują coraz szersze zastosowanie w badaniach – od in vitro do klinicznych. W niniejszej pracy dokonano przeglądu badań w zakresie skuteczności zastosowania podchlorynów w procesie gojenia ran.
Group Sessions or Home Visits for Early Childhood Development in India: A Cluster RCT
Authors: Grantham-McGregor Sally , Adya Akanksha , Attanasio Orazio , Augsburg Britta , Behrman Jere , Caeyers Bet , Day Monimalika , Jervis Pamela , Kochar Reema , Makkar Prerna , Meghir Costas , Phimister Angus , Rubio-Codina Marta , Vats Karishma
Published: November 2020

OBJECTIVES:

Poor early childhood development in low- and middle-income countries is a major public health problem. Efficacy trials have shown the potential of early childhood development interventions but scaling up is costly and challenging. Guidance on effective interventions’ delivery is needed. In an open-label cluster-randomized control trial, we compared the effectiveness of weekly home visits and weekly mother-child group sessions. Both included nutritional education, whose effectiveness was tested separately.

METHODS:

In Odisha, India, 192 villages were randomly assigned to control, nutritional education, nutritional education and home visiting, or nutritional education and group sessions. Mothers with children aged 7 to 16 months were enrolled (n = 1449). Trained local women ran the two-year interventions, which comprised demonstrations and interactions and targeted improved play and nutrition. Primary outcomes, measured at baseline, midline (12 months), and endline (24 months), were child cognition, language, motor development, growth and morbidity.

RESULTS:

Home visiting and group sessions had similar positive average (intention-to-treat) impacts on cognition (home visiting: 0.324 SD, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.152 to 0.496, P = .001; group sessions: 0.281 SD, 95% CI: 0.100 to 0.463, P = .007) and language (home visiting: 0.239 SD, 95% CI: 0.072 to 0.407, P = .009; group sessions: 0.302 SD, 95% CI: 0.136 to 0.468, P = .001). Most benefits occurred in the first year. Nutrition-education had no benefit. There were no consistent effects on any other primary outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS:

Group sessions cost $38 per child per year and were as effective on average as home visiting, which cost $135, implying an increase by a factor of 3.5 in the returns to investment with group sessions, offering a more scalable model. Impacts materialize in the first year, having important design implications.
Occurrence of Pasteurellaceae and Neisseriaceae bacteria in the pharyngeal and respiratory tract of dogs and cats – Short communication
Authors: Ujvári Barbara , Orbán Bettina , Incze Zsuzsanna , Psáder Roland , Magyar Tibor
Published: November 2020

The occurrence of members of the Pasteurellaceae and Neisseriaceae families was studied in dogs and cats. A total of 110 nasal and pharyngeal swab samples from 47 dogs and 8 cats were collected. Most of the strains were identified by 16S rDNA sequencing, except Frederiksenia canicola and Pasteurella multocida where species-specific polymerase chain reactions were applied. The most frequently isolated species was F. canicola, which occurred only in dogs, mainly in the pharyngeal cavity. The second commonest bacterium, P. multocida was found in both types of samples and in both hosts. Other species from the family Pasteurellaceae, such as Haemophilus haemoglobinophilus, Pasteurella canis and P. dagmatis, were detected only in dogs. All isolated species belonging to the family Neisseriaceae, mainly representing Neisseria weaveri, were found only in the pharyngeal cavity. Neisseria weaveri and N. zoodegmatis could be detected in both hosts. Neisseria dumasiana and N. canis were isolated from dogs, while N. shayeganii only from a cat. For phylogenetic analysis, rpoB gene sequencing was performed, where the strains were on monophyletic branches and clearly separated from each other. In this study, recently described species such as F. canicola, N. shayeganii and N. dumasiana were detected that had never been isolated in Hungary before.
Innovation and Brands: The Managers’ Perspective in a Multiple Case Study in a Brazilian Region
Authors: Bevilacqua Rogerio , Freitas Verica , de Paula Veronica
Published: November 2020

This article aims to identify what an innovative brand is from the perspective of business managers in a region of Brazil, and describe how they manage innovative brands. A multiple case study was carried out with five innovative companies from four economic sectors: telecommunications, information technology, chemicals, and electricity. The interviews with these managers were processed with content analysis, being established sixteen categories which include: definition of innovation; innovative brand features; reasons for innovation; relationship between brands and innovation; area responsible for innovation; dissemination of innovation; organizational culture of new ideas; types of innovation; reduction of time, costs and risks to innovation; relationship between the company and the market; brand strategies; brand personality; integration of the end consumer into innovation; rewards for the consumer; and brand heritage. At the end, theoretical and managerial contributions are presented that can be applied or adapted to other organizations in their process of innovation and brand management. In this sense, it is important to highlight that, in the studied cases, incremental innovation is dominant; the stage at which successful innovations improve consumer brand awareness, attitude, and usage prevails; and the companies studied could be distributed in two of the innovation possibilities proposed by Brexendorf et al. (2015): follower brands and craft-designer led brands.
Understanding the Integration of Socio-Technical Actors for Sharing and Sustainable Urban Mobility
Authors: T. Pereira Carlos Henrique , Silva Minelle E.
Published: November 2020

In the search for sustainability and urban reconfiguration, this research analyzes a business model used in sustainable urban mobility initiatives that integrates public and private agents (socio-technical actors – ST-actors) in Fortaleza (Brazil). An integrated case study was carried out with two initiatives: VAMO Fortaleza (e-carsharing) and Bicicletar (bike sharing). Interviews were conducted with the protagonist ST-actors, and documents were analyzed focusing on shared urban mobility. We observed that the initiative implementation integrates ST-actors through public-private partnerships. Based on that, a schematic model was designed to illustrate ST-actor integration as a business model that can be replicated in other contexts using sharing economy principles. In the context of the urban mobility reconfiguration focused on sustainability, we explore a case which has been internationally recognised and we present an underexplored theme about sharing economy initiatives that can be practised.
Antibiotic Utilization Pattern in the Intensive Care Unit of Tertiary Hospital in West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Wikantiananda Taradharani , Tjahjadi Adi Imam , Sudjud Reza Widianto
Published: November 2020

Objective: To find out the pattern of antibiotic utilization in intensive care unit (ICU). The high use of antibiotics in intensive care may increase antibiotic resistance. Methods: This was a retrospective study with total sampling method from patients who were treated in ICU in the period of January to June 2016. Selected data is processed using the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) Classification/Defined Daily Dose (DDD) system as an international measurement standard for analyzing and comparing usage applied by the WHO. Results: The results showed that of the 57 medical records collected, the total antibiotic use was 295.72 DDD/100 bed-days. Levofloxacin, meropenem, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, and metronidazole were the five maximally utilized antibiotics with 143.18, 49.88, 30.62, 19.74, dan 16.99 DDD/100 bed-days respectively. Conclusion: The most frequently used of antibiotics is ceftriaxone, used in 54.39% of patients. Whereas in number, the most widely used antibiotic is levofloxacin with a total of 143.18 DDD/100 bed-days.
A cooperação intermunicipal no Brasil: o caso dos consórcios de resíduos sólidos
Authors: Silva Dituzaya Panguila da , Silvestre Hugo Consciência , Embalo Alfa Aliu
Published: November 2020

Resumo Esta pesquisa tem como principal objetivo descrever a relação entre a utilização dos consórcios com os custos da cooperação pública e de seu financiamento por parte dos municípios. Pela utilização do desenho de pesquisa de caso múltiplo, selecionaram-se três consórcios a atuar no setor dos resíduos sólidos no Brasil, compreendendo o intervalo de anos entre 2013 e 2017. Em geral, é possível concluir que os custos com os consórcios e dos municípios aumentaram durante o período. Pela estimativa de parâmetros, estima-se que os consórcios possibilitam a redução desses custos. Conclui-se ainda que governos locais de menor dimensão, em número de habitantes e área servida, são mais propensos a potenciar os efeitos da cooperação pública. Implicações teóricas e práticas serão apresentadas e discutidas ao longo do texto.
Os Conselhos Nacionais de Justiça e do Ministério Público no Brasil: instrumentos de accountability?
Authors: Kerche Fábio , Oliveira Vanessa Elias de , Couto Cláudio Gonçalves
Published: November 2020

Resumo Em democracias, conselhos, órgãos colegiados atuantes no Sistema de Justiça possuem diferentes finalidades: reforçar a independência do Poder Judiciário e do Ministério Público (MP), incrementar a accountability em relação a juízes e promotores e/ou aprimorar a gestão da Justiça. Este artigo analisa o Conselho Nacional de Justiça (CNJ) e o Conselho Nacional do Ministério Público (CNMP), considerando principalmente os dois primeiros aspectos. No momento da criação desses órgãos, acreditava-se que ambos seriam instrumentos para aumentar a transparência e possibilitar que juízes e promotores pudessem responder por suas ações e escolhas. Nossa hipótese é que essa expectativa não se realizou. Para testá-la, analisaremos o desenho institucional do CNMP e do CNJ, apontando como a composição e a distribuição de cargos incentivam mais a independência que a accountability e apresentaremos também dados relativos ao comportamento dos Conselhos frente às denúncias disciplinares. A conclusão é que, em virtude da composição majoritária do CNJ e do CNMP por integrantes internos do Judiciário e do MP e da atuação pouco expressiva em relação à punição de juízes e promotores, os órgãos reforçam ainda mais a expressiva independência dessas instituições no Brasil.
The Brazilian Councils of Justice and Public Prosecutor's Office as Instruments of Accountability
Authors: Kerche Fábio , Oliveira Vanessa Elias de , Couto Cláudio Gonçalves
Published: November 2020

Resumo Em democracias, conselhos, órgãos colegiados atuantes no Sistema de Justiça possuem diferentes finalidades: reforçar a independência do Poder Judiciário e do Ministério Público (MP), incrementar a accountability em relação a juízes e promotores e/ou aprimorar a gestão da Justiça. Este artigo analisa o Conselho Nacional de Justiça (CNJ) e o Conselho Nacional do Ministério Público (CNMP), considerando principalmente os dois primeiros aspectos. No momento da criação desses órgãos, acreditava-se que ambos seriam instrumentos para aumentar a transparência e possibilitar que juízes e promotores pudessem responder por suas ações e escolhas. Nossa hipótese é que essa expectativa não se realizou. Para testá-la, analisaremos o desenho institucional do CNMP e do CNJ, apontando como a composição e a distribuição de cargos incentivam mais a independência que a accountability e apresentaremos também dados relativos ao comportamento dos Conselhos frente às denúncias disciplinares. A conclusão é que, em virtude da composição majoritária do CNJ e do CNMP por integrantes internos do Judiciário e do MP e da atuação pouco expressiva em relação à punição de juízes e promotores, os órgãos reforçam ainda mais a expressiva independência dessas instituições no Brasil.
(Ir)responsabilidade social empresarial: uma avaliação do desastre de Mariana-MG
Authors: Pires Mirian Albert , Mourão Luciana , Oliveira Fátima Bayma de , Oliveira Jose Antonio Puppim de
Published: November 2020

Resumo A temática irresponsabilidade social empresarial (IrSE) ganhou destaque na literatura mundial. No Brasil, o desastre causado pela Samarco Mineração S.A. em 2015 foi alvo de repercussão, constituindo uma oportunidade para estudar a IrSE. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar se a identificação social com a empresa, que surge em função dos benefícios econômicos, reduz a intenção punitiva e a atribuição de culpa. O instrumento de pesquisa contém escalas com indicadores psicométricos aplicados a 1.616 indivíduos. Constatou-se que os benefícios para a economia local reduziram a intenção punitiva nas cidades de Anchieta-ES, Guarapari-ES e Mariana-MG. O que não ocorreu nas cidades de Colatina-ES e Linhares-ES, que não recebem benefícios econômicos, mas foram afetadas pelo desastre. Identificou-se, ainda, que a severidade do evento aumentou a atribuição de culpa e a intenção punitiva aumentou a intenção de comentários negativos. Como principal conclusão, onde a empresa gerou benefícios, as pessoas estavam menos propensas a puni-la.
Relational capability: a study of the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation
Authors: Preusler Taísa Scariot , Costa Priscila Rezende da , Crespi Tatiane Baseggio , Cirani Claudia Brito Silva
Published: November 2020

Abstract The Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA) plays an important role in Research and Development (R&D) for generating innovations. Most innovations are generated through R&D alliances with external partners, stimulating relational capability (RC), that is, a construct of strategic management of alliances with propositions for procedures that have not yet been empirically verified. In this context, we investigated how relational capability processes contribute to generating innovations. We conducted qualitative research using a case study based on interviews, document analysis, and observation. Three strategic R&D alliances involving EMBRAPA and external partners constituted the analysis corpus. The main contribution to knowledge advancement is a multidimensional fraProgmework for generating innovations from strategic R&D alliances, based on the empirical evidence of processes of EMBRAPA relational capability and its external partners. This new framework sheds light on how a public research enterprise absorbs knowledge and uncovers the processes of institutionalization and relational capability spillover.