bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epigenetic Factors in Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Affections in Children
Authors:   N.V. Voino-Yasenetsky Scientific Practical Centre for Specialised Medical Aid to Children at Moscow Healthcare Department, Sokolov P.L. ,   Moscow, Russian Federation, Chebanenko N.V. ,   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education at the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation Moscow; Moscow, Russian Federation,   Medical and Genetics Centre Genomed; Moscow, Russian Federation, Romanov P.A. ,   N.V. Voino-Yasenetsky Scientific Practical Centre for Specialised Medical Aid to Children at Moscow Healthcare Department; Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: December 2021

Objective of the Review: To analyse the available data on the role of epigenetic factors in hypoxic-ischemic brain affections in children. Key Points. Epigenetic modifiers regulating DNA methylation and histone remodelling are essential for normal brain development. They are regulated by environmental stimuli, such as hypoxia, and either cause direct brain damage, or form “a brain phenotype sensitive to perinatal damages of the central nervous system.” The data are indicative of the impact from epigenetic factors on brain stability, including brain of newborns, and hypoxia-ischemia. Their impact is multi-faceted: some of them trigger brain damages, other have neuroprotective action. Conclusion. Studies in this area determine the future strategy of diagnostics and management of children with hypoxic-ischemic brain affections. Keywords: epigenetics, neural development, methylation, histone modifications, non-coding RNA.
Successful Use of Adalimumab in Children with Uveitis-Associated Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors:   South Ural State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Aksenov A.V. ,   Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, Ivanovskaya E.A. ,   Children’s City Clinical Hospital No.8; Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation
Published: December 2021

Objective of the Paper: To describe clinical cases of successful use of adalimumab in children with uveitis-associated juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Key Points. One of the extraarticular manifestations of JIA is uveitis, i. e. inflammation of the vascular tract of the eye. JIA-associated uveitis is diagnosed primarily in small girls with oligoarthritis, early seronegative polyarthritis; in patients with arthritis associated with enthesitis and psoriatic arthritis. The article describes clinical cases of the use of adalimumab in JIA and uveitis where the therapy with methotrexate and topical glucocorticosteroids fails. Conclusion. Uveitis-associated JIA is one of the most disabling forms of JIA, since, despite timely and adequate management, very often it results in severe ocular complications: cataract, glaucoma and even blindness. Adalimumab, a human anti-TNFα monoclonal antibody, is available and it helps in achieving uveitis remission where methotrexate and topical glucocorticosteroids fail, as well as in delaying ocular complications. Keywords: juvenile idiopathic arthritis, uveitis, adalimumab, children.
TV Talk Shows in Pakistan: Politically Engaged or Politically Skeptic?
Authors: Haroon Sana , Saleem Noshina
Published: December 2021

The present research explores the political content of TV talk shows under the theoretical frameworks of framing and cultivation analysis. The content analysis of systematically selected 100 programs of five top rated serious and five comedy talk shows broadcast on Pakistani TV Channels during October-December 2019 were analyzed to detect the tropes of political engagement and political skepticism. The research established that days of the week, duration of the program, and the program's genre influenced the tropes of programs. There search concludes that serious talk shows contributed to political engagement, whereas comedy talk shows created more politically skeptical tropes.
Conceptual Awareness about Brain-Based Learning and Neurotheological Practices at Secondary Level
Authors: Ali Muhammad Qasim , Kashif Najam Ul , Chani Muhammad Irfan
Published: December 2021

When educational neuroscience emerged in the latter decade of the 20th century, it completely transformed the area of education and presented a slew of new difficulties to educators, scholars, and intellectuals. The study's goals were to 1) ascertain secondary school students' conceptions about brain-based learning 2) assess students' awareness of neurotheological practices. It was a descriptive study, and the study sample consisted of all public secondary school students, and250 students were chosen at random from the study population. The researchers developed a questionnaire after reading relevant literature. The study indicated that emotions influence decision-making, fostering creativity and uniqueness, so it concluded that a suitable classroom/institution environment makes students feel like active learners. The study may suggest that teachers create a favorable learning environment for better learning, and it may also recommend that students offer prayer five times daily to relax their brains and improve learning and creativity.
A Reconsideration of Feminine Sensuality in Twilight in Delhi: Indian Women in
Fiction
Authors: Zahra Kanwal , Jadoon Aisha
Published: December 2021

Modernist discourses centralize feminine sensuality as an indicator of a female’s autonomy; generally, they denounce religious or traditional constraints related to its expression. In particular, liberal feminism rejects normative constraints on female sensuousness, which are argued to enforce gendered restrictions. Amid these popular considerations, there has been a remarkable increase in interest in postcolonial women’s approach to sensuality. Being perceived as sensually submissive by their faith, the question which continually surfaces is: is the sensual ethics of postcolonial women shaped by their religion? Or are they shaped by the societal considerations and values of the society they are born into? This paper addresses this question by considering the varied choices of sensual behaviour adopted by female characters in the postcolonial text, Twilight in Delhi, written by Ahmad Ali. By approaching the decadent culture of Delhi in this novel from a feminist perspective, this paper analyses the feminine sensuality of the Indian women and considers their assumptions about what counts as an appropriate choice for them within the cultural context of Indian society. This paper concludes that the sensual inhibition of these women is conditioned by the cultural bias towards the female gender that connects shame and guilt with their sensual desires in a traditional Indian society.
Socio-Cultural Causes of the Increasing Rate of Maternal Mortality in District Lodhran, Pakistan
Authors: Sikandar Khalil ur Rehman , Muhammad Niaz , Hussain Safdar
Published: December 2021

This qualitative study conducted at District Lodhran, Punjab, Pakistan adopted a constructivist approach with an aim to investigate the social-cultural factors accelerating maternal mortality. The primary data was collected through in-depth interviews from 40 family members of deceased mothers and four focus group discussions, and the information for the secondary data pertaining to the victims of maternal death recorded in District Lodhran for the year 2016-17 was collected from the Health Department. The study concluded that there are various social and cultural practices, i.e. the practice of early marriages, repeated pregnancies with the wish of having a male child, treatment and living of pregnant women in the joint family system, and son’s preferences are the causative factors behind maternal mortality. The study recommends inculcation of awareness, especially among gestating women, regarding maternal health and associated factors, besides civil society’s measures for improvement and the government’s special attention towards the issue.
INFLUENCE OF THE TREATMENT AND PREVENTIVE MEASURES ON THE PHYSICAL INDICATORS OF ORAL LIQUID IN CHILDREN WITH CHRONIC CATARRHIC GINGIVITIS AND DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Kaskova L.F. , Honcharenko V.A.
Published: December 2021

The aim of our study was to find out the effect of our proposed treatment and prevention complex, which included oral administration of «Kvertulin» complex drug, «Imupret» drops, «Pikovit» multivitamin drug and «Exodent» local irrigation of the oral cavity with a solution of tooth elixir that influence on the rate of salivation and viscosity of oral fluid in children with chronic catarrhal gingivitis and diabetes mellitus.The treatment and prophylactic measures had positive effect on the homeostasis of the oral cavity, which assisted to reduce the viscosity of the oral fluid, increase the rate of salivation, as evidenced by observation of patients for 6 months. The treatment and prevention complex are recommended to use 2 times a year, as the studied indicators deteriorate over time.
Ukrasna svojstva, asortiman i uzgoj kukurijeka (Helleborus spp.) zimske cvatnje
Authors: Kušen Mihael , Židovec Vesna , Prebeg Tatjana
Published: December 2021

Vrste roda Helleborus se u ukrasnoj hortikulturi koriste kao vrtne biljke, lončanice za primjenu u vanjskom prostoru, kao vrste za uređenje interijera, a sve se više traže kao cvjetna vrsta za rez tijekom zime. Cilj ovog rada je opisati osnovne morfološke značajke i uvjete uzgoja vrsta roda Helleborus te dati pregled asortimana vrsta i kultivara kasnojesenske i zimske cvatnje. Pregledom literature utvrđeno je da Helleborus niger L., crni kukurijek, na tržištu postaje sve traženija ukrasna biljka, a prate ga i križanci između vrste H. orientalis i drugih vrsta ovoga roda (H. × hybridus). Iako tržišno slabo zastupljene u ukrasnoj hortikulturi se primjenjuju i druge vrste (H. viridis, H. foetidus, H. purpurascens, H. tibethanus, H. vesicarius te H. multifidus) te sve veći broj kultivara. Za cvatnju početkom zime, posebno u vrijeme Božića, najpoznatija je vrsta Helleborus niger L., a sve se više komercijaliziraju i međuvrsni križanci. Pri tome osobit značaj imaju križanci između vrsta H. niger, H. argutifolius Viv. i H. lividus Aiton. Razmnožavanje je moguće sjemenom, dijeljenjem te kulturom tkiva. Uzgaja se u uzgojnim posudama 12- 14 cm promjera u koje se sadi od 50. do 18. tjedna. Potreban mu je supstrat pH od 5,8 do 6,0, ne podnosi visoku razinu soli u tlu, a za prodaju početkom zime uzgaja se u zaštićenim prostorima od sredine listopada. Osjetljiv je na visoku vlagu, koja uz visoke temperature potencira pojavu bolesti (Fusarium, Pythium i Phytophtora).
Pametna poljoprivreda na primjeru silažnog kombajna John Deere 8500i
Authors: Poje Tomaž
Published: December 2021

Samohodni silažni kombajni sve više se upotrebljavaju kod sjeckanja različitih usjeva za silažu. Opći trend je izrada silažnih kombajna jače snage motora uz povećanje učinkovitosti. Na primjeru John Deere 8500i prikazana su neka rješenja za preciznu poljoprivredu. Ugrađeni NIR analizator omogućuje određivanje suhe tvari i druge analize u krmi. Na osnovi suhe tvari u krmi automatski se nastavlja duljina sječke. Izravno u kombajnu ili na daljinu mogu se pratiti radni parametri kombajna i sjeckane krme. Na računalu se dobije potpuna analiza rada.
Utjecaj kvasaca na kakvoću voćnog vina od šljive
Authors: Tomić Anotnija , Stublić Krunoslav , Štambuk Petra , Fruk Goran , Mihaljević Žulj Marin
Published: December 2021

Šljiva (Prunus domestica L.) je koštičava voćna vrsta vrlo cijenjena zbog poželjnih senzornih i nutritivnih svojstava plodova. Plodovi se konzumiraju svježi ili se prerađuju. Zbog relativno visokog sadržaja šećera i niže ukupne kiselosti plodovi sorte 'Stanley' predstavljaju dobar izbor za proizvodnju voćnih vina. Voćna vina proizvode se aktivnošću kvasaca u procesu alkoholne fermentacije. Obzirom da metabolizmom kvasaca nastaje čitav niz metabolita, izborom odgovarajuće vrste ili soja utječe se na tip vina koje se proizvodi. Cilj ovog rada bio je istražiti utjecaj različitih vrsta kvasaca na osnovni kemijski sastav, koncentraciju ukupnih fenola i ukupnih antocijana voćnih vina od šljive. Korištene su dvije različite vrste kvasaca Lalvin ICV D21 – Saccharomyces cerevisiae i Lalvin EC 1118 – Saccharomyces bayanus. Vina proizvedena aktivnošću kvasca ICV D21 imala su viši sadržaj alkohola, ekstrakta te ukupnih fenola i ukupnih antocijana. Rezultati ovog istraživanja ukazuju na značajan utjecaj vrste kvasca na kemijski sastav i kakvoću voćnih vina od šljive.
Chemical and sensorial characteristics of traditional fruit spirits from Southeast Europe
Authors: Mrvčić Jasna , Trontel Antonija , Rubeša Vili Vlasta , Petrović Renata , Stanzer Damir , Sahor Renata , Hanousek Čiča Karla , Vahčić Nada , Nikićević Ninoslav , Spaho Nermina , Mihaljević Žulj Marin , Brodski Aleksandar , Jurak Vesna , Krajnović Mirela
Published: December 2021

Spirits have proliferated and become an indispensable part of most gastronomic cultures around the world. The production and consumption of fruit brandies, especially plum and grape brandies as well as pear and apple brandies, have a long tradition in the countries of Southeast Europe. The aim of this study was to
evaluate 47 fruit brandies produced in small distilleries and industrial plants from five countries. The content of the most common volatile compounds (methanol, higher alcohols and fatty acid esters) and the sensory quality of the fruit brandies were analysed. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed using theconcentrations of the main volatile compounds in the spirit samples and sensory evaluation to identify similarities or differences between the spirit samples based on distillery size. The methanol concentration in all samples was below the EU legal limit. Methanol concentration was highest in Williams pear spiritsand lowest in grape pomace spirits. The PCA sample distribution confirms the good quality of samples from both small distilleries (SD) and industrial plants (IP), with some exceptions - samples with identified defects produced in some small distilleries. The results of the sensory evaluation show high sensory quality of fruit spirits from this part of Europe.
Аналіз динаміки причин дорожньо-транспортних пригод і прогнозування небезпечних подій
Authors: Городецький Іван , Тимочко Василь , Мазур Ігор , Городецький Ігор , Березовецький Андрій
Published: December 2021

Охарактеризовано проблему дорожньо-транспортних пригод (ДТП) і значного травматизму на дорогах у світі та Україні. Щорічно у світовому вимірі від аварій на дорогах гине 1,35 млн осіб, із яких майже 50 % – це пішоходи, велосипедисти і мотоциклісти. Країни втрачають близько 3 % внутрішнього валового продукту; також простежується залежність: чим вищий розвиток країни, тим кількість дорожньо-транспортних пригод є меншою. Аналогічно це стосується віку транспортного засобу: чим новіший автомобіль, тим менше потрапляє у дорожньо-транспортну пригоду. Проаналізовано причини ДТП, бо їх вивчення дає змогу планувати і впроваджувати заходи щодо зниження кількості небезпечних умов, обставин і ситуацій у системі «водій – автомобіль – дорога – довкілля». Віднедавна в Україні основними причинами ДТП і пов’язаного з ними травматизму було перевищення безпечної швидкості (7586–9999 подій), проблеми під час маневрування (5201–5522), порушення на перехрестях (2959–2352), недостатня дистанція (2420–1445), порушення на пішохідних переходах (1683–1680), керування транспортом у нетверезому стані (911–1819) тощо. Згідно з оцінкою динаміки причин ДТП в Україні, найбільше зросла кількість таких небезпечних подій: порушення вимог безпеки пасажиром (+73 %), перевищення безпечної швидкості руху транспортного засобу (+31,8 %), порушення правил проїзду пішохідних переходів (+10,5 %) та ін. Динаміка травматизму під час дорожньо-транспортних пригод має негативну тенденцію зростання від 24294 до 26141 випадків за останні три роки, а прогнозування продемонструвало подальше їх збільшення. Тому потрібно планувати і створювати зовнішні впливи для нормалізації ситуації на дорогах України – законодавчі, управлінські, технічні, організаційні та ін.
Gastronomi turizminin gelişmesinde tarihi Afyonkarahisar konaklarının önemi
Authors: SARAÇ Ömer , KAYA Tolga , PAMUKCU Huseyin , SANDIKCI Mustafa
Published: December 2021

Şehir kültürünün bir parçası olan tarihi konaklar, restore edilerek ve yeniden işlevlendirilerek son zamanlarda kafe, restoran ve otel olarak hizmet vermektedir. Türkiye’nin birçok ilinde yeniden işlevlendirilmiş tarihi konaklar bulunmaktadır. Bu illerden biri de Afyonkarahisar’dır. Afyonkarahisar’da bulunan tarihi konakların geçmişi 1900’lü yıllara kadar dayanmaktadır. Bu araştırmanın amacı gastronomi turizminin gelişmesinde Afyonkarahisar’da bulunan tarihi konakların ne düzeyde önemli olduğunun ortaya konulmasıdır. Araştırmada nitel veri toplama yöntemine başvurulmuştur. Afyonkarahisar kent merkezinde restoran olarak işlevlendirilmiş tarihi konaklar, araştırmanın uygulama alanı olarak belirlenmiştir. Yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile beş işletme yöneticisi ve işverenine ulaşılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler içerik analizi tekniği ile çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre tarihi konaklar 23 farklı yöresel yemeğin sunumunu yapmakta ve Afyonkarahisar mutfak kültürünü çok iyi bir şekilde yansıtmaktadır. Ayrıca tarihi Afyonkarahisar konaklarının gastronomi turizmi kapsamında gerekli pazarlama ve reklam çalışmaları ile başarılı bir destinasyon merkezi olacağı sonuca ulaşılmıştır
USING LOGARITHMIC AND POWER EQUATIONS TO PREDICT THE VOLUME OF TRANSPORTED GOODS BY ROAD IN ST. PETERSBURG
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Pil E. A. , Kovalev T. N. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation
Published: December 2021

The article presents an analysis of the transported goods by motor transport of St. Petersburg and their forecast until 2030 using the Trend Line program, which is included as the MS Excel database software. This analysis was based on statistical data for the period from 2000 to 2020. The obtained equations showed that the logarithmic and power equations should be used in the forecast, on the basis of which the analysis was carried out until 2030.
RESEARCH OF WAYS TO DEVELOP ACCURATE DIGITAL MODELS FOR OBJECTS AND NODES OF TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Maiorov N. N. , Dobrovolskaya A. A. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Taratun V. E. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation
Published: December 2021

The article solves the problem of finding a solution for building a digital model of the transport network or transport infrastructure object. On the basis of the analysis, the limitation of available solutions is given and the limited state of implementation of digital models in new modernizations of transport systems is fixed. The paper provides a general scheme of using documentation of the state of the transport system, nodes and elements and considers examples based on real transport systems. The paper examines the basic requirements for digital transport models and proposes a solution based on the use of unmanned aircraft systems. A model of formation of flight task variants is proposed and, as a proof of relevance of the research, the results of a real experiment are given. The task of modernizing a segment of the transport network of the city, the identification of the state of the site on the basis of data from unmanned aircraft system is considered. The article presents a solution to the problem, which has a high quality of building a digital model and the possibility of integration into other information systems for monitoring the condition and forecasting of development.
STUDY OF THE LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK FOR USING UAVs
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Gorelova A. A. , Kostin A. S. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation
Published: December 2021

The article discusses the main provisions of the legislation on registration and rules for the use of unmanned aerial vehicles in the Russian Federation. The principles of establishing modes of use of the airspace are described, the state divisions that regulate the use of unmanned aerial vehicles in the country are noted.
ALGORITHM FOR PRECISE LANDING OF MULTIROTOR UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS AT AN AUTONOMOUS CHARGING STATION
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Voznesenskii E. A.
Published: December 2021

In this article, we propose an algorithm for accurately landing multirotor (quadcopters, hexacopters, etc.) unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) at an autonomous charging station. This article also presents methods for locating the charging station and landing the UAV at night. Section 1 describes the general sequential landing procedures. Section 2 describes methods for detecting the ArUco marker and evaluating its position and orientation using the OpenCV computer vision library and shows the recognition result. In section 3, the precise landing algorithm is analyzed in detail, and a block diagram of the algorithm is given. Section 4 discusses the integration of the night vision camera into the landing algorithm.
RESEARCH OF SCIENTIFIC DATA IN THE FIELD OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Prokofieva M. S.
Published: December 2021

Based on current trends, you can see the need for a deeper development of the field related to artificial intelligence. Mainly for information to minimize the occurrence of human error. Today there are many publications that confirm what was said in the above thesis. Unfortunately, it is extremely difficult to imagine the scale of interest in this topic, due to the almost complete absence of visual representations. This fact, combined with a huge amount of information, can cause difficulties not only in the study, but also in the search for materials. In this regard, there is a need for data analysis using the VOSVIEWER program, which is able to create bibliographic networks, representing the visualization of bibliographic lists, and the BIBLIOMETRIX package, which allows for quantitative analysis and statistics of articles in order to find their citation and publication activity. The analyzed materials will be downloaded from the largest bibliographic and abstract database Scopus.
ALL-OPTICAL ON-BOARD NETWORKS PROTOCOLS
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Olenev V. L. , Chumakova N. Y. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Sinyov N. I. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Syschikov A. Y. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation
Published: December 2021

The article presents the concept of all-optical on-board networks (AOON). AOON protocol stack is described, the operation of the transport layer, data link layer and the management layer of the AOON protocol stack is considered in details. The article also describes a software model designed to check the correctness of operation of the AOON protocol stack from a functional point of view, and an example of the developed software model is provided.
Socio-political journalism of the «Theological Herald» during the First Russian Revolution
Authors: Липовецкий П. Е.
Published: December 2021

Статья посвящена рассмотрению и анализу публикаций по общественно-политической тематике официального печатного органа Московской духовной академии, журнала «Богословский вестник», в период революционных событий в России 1905–1907 годов. В связи с публицистической деятельностью журнала упоминается целый ряд церковных деятелей, занимавших ключевые для издания посты в обозреваемый период, которые определяли политику журнала, а также уделяется внимание основным авторам, излагавшим на страницах журнала свои общественно-политические взгляды. Их публикации принесли «Богословскому вестнику» репутацию либерального церковного издания. Рассматриваются наиболее популярные темы, важнейшими из которых были переустройство государства, идеология и деятельность политических партий, готовящийся Поместный Собор, социальное неравенство, а также духовное образование. В заключение отмечается, что авторы журнала отдавали предпочтение либеральному направлению общественной мысли, не стеснялись критики государственного и церковного управления, указывали на кризис в РПЦ, призывая духовенство к «освободительному движению».

The article is devoted to the review and analysis of publications on social and political topics of the official press of the Moscow Theological Academy – the «Theological Journal» during the revolutionary events in Russia of 1905–1907. In connection with the journalistic activities a number of church leaders are mentioned, who held key positions in the publication team of this period, who determined the policy of the journal. Also attention is paid to the major authors, who expressed in the magazine their socio-political views, through the publication of which the «Theological Journal» earned the reputation of a liberal church publication.The article considers the most popular topics covered in the pages of «Theological messenger» during the First Russian Revolution, the most important of which were the reorganization of the state, the ideology and activities of political parties, preparation of the Local Council, social inequality, as well as religious education. In conclusion, it states that the authors of the journal favored the liberal direction of public opinion, did not hesitate to critique the state and church administration, and pointed out the crisis in the Russian Orthodox Church, urging the clergy to a «liberation movement».
Florensky Paul, priest. On style, language and words
Authors: Трубачев Андроник
Published: December 2021

Публикуется текст рукописи из архива священника Павла Флоренского,в которой он дает критический анализ учебника «Церковной истории»И. И. Соколова. Текст, написанный Флоренским по просьбе М. А. Новоселова,должен был стать предисловием к неосуществившемуся изданиютворений святых отцов и житий святых в рамках альтернативного подхода.Согласно отцу Павлу, церковная история является непрестанно нарастающимпотоком святых и духовных ценностей, а местом притяжения при написаниицерковной истории должно быть не то, что говорят о Церкви, а то, что самаЦерковь свидетельствует о себе.

This is a publication of a diary entry from the archives of priest Paul Florensky,in which he talks about verbal style. Father Paul, whose diary entry falls on the year 1918 – a time of profound change in the political system, culture, and language – notes how many monumental “simpletons–words” have gone by the way side, being very commonly used and so seemingly simple and meaningless. According to Father Paul, in losing words language becomes poorer, as is illustrated by avoidance of the use of the words “good” and “bad” in relation to man, which leads to a loss of the most primary and in-depth judgments.
The Legal Status of Christians in the Middle East
Authors: Пименов Сергей Александрович
Published: December 2021

На сегодняшний день тема гонений на христиан, к сожалению, по-прежнему не теряет своей актуальности. Несмотря на то, что на международном уровне существует достаточно сильная правовая база, которая предусматривает защиту свободу мысли, совести и религии, христиане в тех или иных регионах мира подвергаются тем или иным притеснениям. Если в странах Западной Европы дискриминация христиан осуществляется косвенным путем - с использованием некоторых политических средств, как например «толерантность», то в странах Ближнего Востока по-прежнему существует угроза их физического уничтожения.В данной статье рассмотрены и проанализированы законодательства в области свободы мысли, совести и религии тех стран, где положение христиан на сегодняшний день представляется наиболее опасным, это: Египет, Ливия, Ирак и Саудовская Аравия. Также здесь проводится сравнение данных нормативно - правовых актов с теми реалиями, которые происходят в отношении христиан на сегодняшний день

To date, the topic of persecution of Christians, unfortunately, still does not lose its relevance. Despite the fact that there is a fairly strong legal framework at the international level that provides for the protection of freedom of thought, conscience and religion, Christians in various regions of the world are subjected to various forms of harassment. While in Western European countries discrimination against Christians is carried out indirectly - using certain political means, such as "tolerance", in the Middle East countries there is still a threat of their physical destruction.This article examines and analyzes the legislation in the field of freedom of thought, conscience, and religion in those countries where the situation of Christians is currently the most dangerous.: Egypt, Libya, Iraq, and Saudi Arabia. We also compare these normative legal acts with the realities that are taking place in relation to Christians today.
NİTEL DESENLİ GÖÇ ARAŞTIRMALARINDA YÖNTEM SORUNLARI
Authors: GÜLOĞLU Mehmet Fatih
Published: December 2021

Tarihsel olarak Aristoteles'ten başlayıp doğa bilimlerinden ve felsefe alanına kadar yöntem her daim büyük bir önem taşımıştır. Metafizik tartışmaların ontoloji, epistemoloji ve metodolojiyi içerdiği, başka bir deyişle varlığın ve onun bilgisinin ancak yöntemle bilinebileceği düşüncesi, kadim felsefe sistemlerinin ana argümanlarındadır. 14. yüzyıldan itibaren doğa bilimlerinde yaşanan gelişmeler Aydınlanma dönemiyle birlikte yöntemin sosyal bilimler için de önemini belirginleştirmiştir. Nitekim bilimsel araştırmaların en belirgin özelliklerinden biri, belirli bir yönteme sahip olmasıdır. Yöntem, araştırmanın niteliğini belirleyen en önemli unsur olduğundan bilimsel araştırmalarda yönteme özel bir önem atfedilir. Bilimsel bir araştırmaya bilimsellik karakterini kazandıran nitelik onun yöntemidir. Bu nedenle göç alanında yapılmış araştırmalarda kullanılan yöntemlerin bilimsel hassasiyetleri ve icrasında gösterilen özen ulaşılan verilerin ve yapılan yorumların geçerliliğini ve güvenilirliğini arttırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada belirlenen nitel desenli göç araştırmalarında kullanılan yöntemlerin nasıl icra edildiğine dair bir eleştiri geliştirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Gömülü teoriye dayanan bu çalışmada, araştırmaların hangi yöntemi benimsedikleri ve benimsedikleri bu yöntemi nasıl icra ettikleri ele alınmıştır. Araştırmada ele alınan makalelerde, başlangıç ve odaklı kodlama teknikleri kullanılarak temalar oluşturulmuştur. Araştırmamızda, bu temalar bağlamında nitel yönteme dayanan söz konusu göç araştırmalarında karşılaşılan yöntem problemlerine dair bir eleştiri yapılmıştır. Yapılan analizler neticesinde, nitel yöntemlerin icrasında araştırmacıların yöntemi kullanma konusunda sorunlarla karşılaştıkları görülmüş, karşılaşılan problemlerin çalışmanın güvenilirliğine olan etkisine bakılmış ve bu sorunların nasıl aşılabileceği konusunda önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
The logical component of thinking as a predictor of decision-making about the presence of corruption risk in a situation
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Pogozhina I. N. , Sergeeva M. V. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: December 2021

The links between elements of the decision-making system on the presence of corruption risk (CR) in a situation with the logical component of thinking as a predictor are considered. The hypothesis of the role of logical reasoning component as a predictor of (1) perceptions of corruption, (2) indicators of emotional intelligence and (3) moral judgement was tested on a sample of Moscow university students (N=134; M=35±11 years old). The following diagnostic tools were used: (1) the author's test for recognising CR situations, (2) the method for assessing the content of ideas about corruption (Pogozhina, Pshenichnyuk, Sergeyeva), (3) D. Lucin’s EmIn questionnaire, (4) Molchanov's Justice-Care technique. Correlation analysis and structural modeling were used to process the data. The logical component of thinking was a significant positive predictor of the level of development of perceptions of corruption and understanding one’s own emotions and those of others. Also, the logical component significantly negatively predicted moral judgments based on instrumental individualism, reflexive empathic orientation and unconscious but internalized moral values. The findings suggest that the logical component will play a leading role in the CR decision-making system and should be specifically shaped.
Cognitive functions and reading speed in schoolchildren with typical development and mild mental retardation
Authors:   Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Psychological Institute of Russian Academy of Education”, Tikhomirova T. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: December 2021

The article presents the results of an empirical study of the relationship between indicators of cognitive functioning and the success in reading in groups of schoolchildren with typical development and mild mental retardation (F70.0; ICD — 10). Information processing speed, visuospatial working memory and non-verbal intelligence were considered as indicators of cognitive development. To assess the reading speed, a check was used on the technique of reading texts in accordance with the Federal State Standard of General Education. The study involved 212 schoolchildren (39% girls) enrolled in Grades 1 — 9 of (1) a public school implementing programs of a special (correctional) school of type VIII and (2) a public school. The results revealed that age-related changes in the success of reading during compulsory schooling are characterized by a nonlinear pattern in children with typical development and a linear pattern in children with mild mental retardation. The differences between schoolchildren with typical and atypical development in reading speed increase from Grades 1 to 7, and then from Grades 7 to 9 may decrease. The regression analysis confirmed the differences in the direct effects of the influence of non-verbal intelligence, information processing speed and visuospatial working memory on the reading speed. These differences in effects depend on the type of mental development and the level of schooling. Mediation analysis showed that no more than 17% of the differences in the success of reading between schoolchildren with typical and atypical development can explain by cognitive functioning.
Jaan Valsiner’s Cultural Psychology. Part I. In the Discourse of Global Science
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Mironenko Irina , Zhuravlev A. L. ,   Institute of Psychology RAS
Published: December 2021

We introduce a variant of international cultural psychology, insufficiently known to the Russian reader, the leader of which is Jaan Valsiner. It differs significantly in its methodological principles and orientations from most related to cultural psychology, both international and Russian. In a certain sense, the methodology of the school of dynamic semiosis seems to be an alternative to the modern development of the discourse of cultural psychology in Russia. Russian cultural psychological discourse primarily moves towards a general humanitarian synthesis, with a focus on the intersection of the humanitarian subject area of psychology with the humanities, while cultural psychology of Jaan Valsiner represents a movement of trans-subject synthesis, embrasing not only the humanities, but the entire scientific sphere, including the exact and natural sciences, along with the humanities. Thus, the task of “vertical” integration of psychological knowledge, that is, the integration of natural science and humanitarian psychology, appears the main target, which should become the mission of cultural psychology in the development of psychological science.
Pedology and applied psychology in Russia in the first third of the XX century
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Noskova O.
Published: December 2021

The article examines the formation and liquidation of pedology and psychotechnics in Russia in the 1920s–1930s. The general and the different in practical tasks and scientific problems of pedology, psychotechnics and general psychology are discussed the position of L.S. Vygotsky on the relationship between pedology and psychotechnics.The crisis of pedology and psychotechnics and their elimination after the Resolution of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) on pedology (1936) correlates with the mistakes of the representatives of these disciplines, as well as the change in the socio-economic and ideological-political conditions of society in the USSR during the reconstruction period, as well as with the aggravation political confrontation between communism and national socialism in pre-war Europe.Conclusions are drawn about the responsibility of applied psychology to society when it intervenes in the tasks of social practice.
The threshold of awareness as an empirical given and as a logical inevitability
Authors:   St Petersburg University, Allakhverdov V. M. , Karpinskaya V. Yu. ,   St Petersburg University,   Institute of Human Brain named after N.P. Bekhterev, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2021

The nature of the sensory threshold and approaches to solving the threshold problem in psychophysics are discussed. There were presented experimental results, empirical facts that do not fully correspond to existing psychophysical theories and do not receive an explanation in line with modern approaches. It was concluded that the explanation of the thresholds without description of the participation of consciousness raises doubts. A new look at the nature of thresholds is proposed, in which the threshold is considered as an inevitable consequence of the processes of classification and categorization. Due to the fact that the operations of identification of the non-identical and discernment of the indiscernible are mandatoryin the act of cognition, a zone is formed, within which objectively different elements are identified in consciousness andrelate to the same class. This zone exists across the entire spectrum of cognitive tasks, including detection and discrimination. Thresholds fix the boundaries of this zone. Thus, the problem of the threshold requires a description of the work of not so physiological as cognitive mechanismsfor its solution.
Psychology of Professional Activity: Psychophysiological and Psycho-Pedagogical Directions of Research (On the 90-Th Anniversary of the Birth of V. A. Bodrov)
Authors:   Institute of Psychology RAS, Zhuravlev A. L. , Oboznov A. A. ,   Institute of Psychology RAS, Bessonova Yu. ,   Institute of Psychology RAS
Published: December 2021

The article presents the key ideas and the main results of the psychophysiological and psycho-pedagogical studies in the psychology of professional activity – a direction of psychological research created and developed by V.A. Bodrov. Some key concepts has been analyzed – work performance, work and functional reliability, professiogenesis. The professiogenetic approach to the professional development have been described. The ability of work motivation development is discussed.
Psychological features of attitudes towards unemployment as a social phenomenon: trends and perspectives of study
Authors:   Karachay-Cherkess State University named after U.D. Aliyev, Semenova F. O. , Kitova D. ,   Institute of Psychology RAS, Runets O. V. ,   Institute of Psychology RAS
Published: December 2021

The article notes that the current spread of coronavirus infection creates difficult conditions for the life of society, having a negative impact on many social spheres. It is shown that the labor crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic can increase global unemployment, and as a result, have a negative impact on the development of the economy as a whole, which increases the relevance of the research problem. The authors analyzed publications devoted to studies of unemployment in various branches of science, which made it possible to identify different social levels of its negative impact (global, national and regional). A separate group includes works on the socio-psychological problems of unemployment. It was revealed that the socio-economic or personal characteristics of the experience of unemployment in the context of the coronavirus pandemic have not yet become a significant subject of fundamental research. In particular, the scientific literature does not present facts that reflect the structure of user experiences. Analysis of messages from forums of the unemployed and from social networks allowed the authors to state a high level of reasoning related to unemployment as a social phenomenon, genuine regret about the high level of education of many of them and painful feelings about the low standard of living. Frequency and semantic analysis of messages also made it possible to demonstrate ideas about the factors causing unemployment, which are most often associated with the conditions of the social environment. The analysis of the emotional background of the messages carried out in the work showed the absence of neutral or positive assessments of unemployment (all assessments are negative). High emotional tension in assessing unemployment and its consequences indicates a pronounced decrease in the psychological well-being of users, which becomes the basis for negative judgments, including political content. In conclusion, it is noted that the study of “digital traces” seems to be a very promising direction in the study of macropsychological processes.
Etymological methods in ethnolinguistic research into mythological vocabulary
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies RAS, Valentsova Marina
Published: December 2021

The first part of the article provides a brief overview of works reflecting the mutual interest of ethnolinguistics and etymology in which the capabilities and achievements of each other are used (articles by V.N. Toporov, O.N. Trubachev, S.M. Tolstaya, A. Loma and M. Bjeletiћ, K., O. and M. Stachowskie, H. Schuster-Šewc, books by U. Dukova, N. Hobzey, R. Dźwigoł and others). The result of this interaction in the field of mythological vocabulary shows its fruitfulness in the study of lower Slavic mythology. In the second part of the article, the etymologies of two rare Slovak demonyms are proposed. The first is the name of the local Ccentral-Slovak character grgalica / grgolica, which, based on the assessment of the mythological image, its typological features, as well as the analysis of the same root vocabulary in different Slavic languages, is proposed to be associated with the onomatopoetic verb grgať and similar. The second term – West-Slovakian Bendúš - known from the description of the young people spring game and understood by the author of information about him as a relic of a certain deity, is plausibly explained as an anthroponym derived from the root bend- ‘belly, thick’.
Morphosyntaxis of Modern Greek Spatial Adverbs in a Diachronic Perspective
Authors: Yakovleva Anastasia V.
Published: December 2021

Greek adverbs are often claimed to have almost completely lost the ability to govern the genitive case, which is replaced by prepositional phrases with the accusative. Nevertheless, the corpus study presented in the article demonstrates that some low-frequent spatial adverbs δεξιά/αριστερά ‘on the right/left’ and βόρεια/νότια/ανατολικά/δυτικά ‘in the north/south/east/west’ retain the ability to govern genitive along with prepositional phrases. Moreover, cardinal directions prefer this archaic model to all the other options. Cross-linguistically, lexical items traditionally classified as adverbs and/or adpositions often demonstrate mixed syntactic behavior, since adverbs that were relatively recentlyderived from nouns, can retain their initial nominal internal syntax. The diachronic development of the Greek adverbs ‘right/left’ and cardinal direction terms also have well traced nominal sources. In the present study I suggest that the mixed category analysis can be applied to some Modern Greek adverbs.
АУДІОВІЗУАЛЬНИЙ КОНТЕНТ ДОКУДРАМИ ДЕРРІЛА ЗАНУКА «НАЙДОВШИЙ ДЕНЬ»
Authors: Морєва Євгенія Олександрівна , Маслов-Лисичкін Андрій Олегович
Published: December 2021

Мета статті — визначити основні аудіовізуальні засоби в процесі кіновиробництва докудрами Дерріла Занука «Найдовший день». Роль батального кіно в культурі завжди була особливою, ці фільми формували свідомість поколінь. З огляду на розвиток вітчизняної кіноіндустрії в сучасних соціальних і політичних реаліях вони затребувані в нашому суспільстві, аналіз особливостей знімального процесу класичних зразків цього жанру з теоретичним узагальненням сприяє розумінню його драматургічної логіки. Методи дослідження. Для досягнення поставленої мети використано історичний підхід (для розкриття особливостей організації знімального процесу) та культурологічний підхід (посприяв виявленню чинників впливу соціокультурних процесів на кіновиробництво докудрами загалом, так і особливо складних її епізодів зокрема). Застосовано загальнонаукові та конкретнонаукові методи, зокрема: метод мистецтвознавчого аналізу (для виявлення ролі аудіовізуального контенту в драматургії сценарію та його впливу на ступінь емоційного сприйняття фільму) та метод теоретичного узагальнення (для підбиття підсумків дослідження). Наукова новизна полягає в тому, що вперше в українському мистецтвознавстві аналізуються особливості знімального процесу докудрами Д. Занука у виборі художніх засобів і практичній реалізації художнього задуму. Висновки. Докудрама Д. Занука «Найдовший день» — це унікальний кінопроєкт, який висвітлює події фатального дня Другої світової війни — 6 червня 1944 р. Рішення продюсера зняти чорно-білий фільм вплинуло на майбутнє кіноіндустрії. Сцени спеціальних операцій (захоплення мосту Пегас, висадка парашутистів, підрив залізниці учасниками французького опору) знімали вночі з використанням жорсткого світла для посилення контрасту. Вербальне наповнення фільму різними мовами є експериментальним, а залучення повсякденної лексики змінило сприйняття сценарної роботи. Випуск фільму прискорив занепад «Кодексу Гейза» та подальшу відмову від нього наприкінці 1960-х років. Практичне значення цього дослідження полягає в тому, що досвід Занука, описаний у статті, може бути корисним для сучасних режисерів, які знімають фільми про війну.
РОЛЬ ІНТОНАЦІЙНИХ ЗВ’ЯЗКІВ В ОБ’ЄДНАННІ ЦИКЛІЧНОЇ КОМПОЗИЦІЇ КОНЦЕРТУ ДЛЯ ФОРТЕПІАНО З ОРКЕСТРОМ БОРИСА ДУБОСCАРСЬКОГО
Authors: Варданян Олена Альфредівна
Published: December 2021

Мета статті — визначення ролі інтонаційних зв’язків в об’єднанні циклічної композиції Концерту для фортепіано з оркестром Б. Дубоссарського. Методологія. За допомогою методу комплексного музикознавчого аналізу розглядаються інтонаційні зв’язки між усіма темами трьох частин аналізованого концерту, виявляється прояв принципу монотематизму. Наукова новизна. Вперше системно аналізуються інтонаційні процеси у концерті для фортепіано з оркестром Б. Дубоссарського, характеризуються співвідношення традиційних і новаторських характеристик цього твору. За жанровою атрибуцією концертний опус із яскраво вираженою приналежністю до молдавської національної музичної традиції відрізняється стильовими взаємодіями класицизму, романтизму та сучасного письма. Водночас інтонаційна єдність між частинами форми з розвитком романтичного принципу поемності виявляється у вигляді монотематизму. Висновки. Творчий метод Б. Дубоссарського проявляється у синтезі традиції та експерименту. Це підтверджується інтонаційно-тематичною будовою концерту для фортепіано з оркестром, в якому зближення контрастного матеріалу сприяє становленню цілісної музично-драматургічної концепції. Мотиви, що утворюють основу монотематичного комплексу, встановлюють інтонаційні арки між частинами твору, скріплюючи їх і підпорядковуючи спільному задуму. Важливе значення належить національним музичним елементам як основі молдавського професійного мистецтва. Вони є тим фундаментом, який виявляється ніби заповітом вітчизняній культурі з часів її основоположника Штефана Няги.