Features of the manifestation of sensorimotor reactions of taekwondo fighters of different ages and qualifications
Authors:   Kharkiv State Academy of Physical Culture, Romanenko V. , Tropin Y. ,   Kharkiv State Academy of Physical Culture, Shandrigos v. ,   Ternopil National Pedagogical University Volodymyr Gnatyuk
Published: June 2022

Purpose: to determine the features of the manifestation of sensorimotor reactions of taekwondo fighters of different ages and qualifications. Material and methods. In this study, the following methods were used: theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological literature; pedagogical observation; instrumental method; mathematical and statistical research methods. The study involved three groups of taekwondo fighters of different ages and qualifications, representatives of the Vulkan Sports and Youth Sports School of the Cherkasy City Council, taekwondo department (n=42). All athletes were divided into three groups: the first group 7,5±0,14 years old (n=14, 8-6 Gup), the second group 10,1±0,23 years old (n=14, 5-3 Gup), the third group 13,4±0,28 years (n=14, 2 Gup – 1 Dan). Results: based on the analysis of scientific and methodological information, Internet sources and generalization of advanced practical experience, it was revealed that the objective criteria for the current functional state of the central nervous system are indicators of sensorimotor reactions of varying degrees of complexity. The time of sensorimotor reactions is one of the simplest, accessible and at the same time quite accurate neurophysiological indicator that reflects the dynamics of the speed of nervous processes and their switching, motor coordination, general performance and activity of the central nervous system in athletes of all ages. To determine the level of manifestation of sensorimotor reactions, a set of special programs for tablet computers under the guidance of iOS was used. The results of the sensorimotor reactions of athletes were obtained, which were studied using the following tests: TestSTMemory (volume of perception and duration of the test); Reaction SM Dual (number of clicks with right and left hand); Reaction RC (difference in the number of clicks under the influence of knocking signals and without them with the right and left hand); Reaction RMO (reaction time to a moving object); Size test (response time to a change in the size of the object); TappingPro (number and duration of pressing during the test). Conclusions. It has been established that the level of complex sensorimotor reactions is of great practical importance for combatants. A high level of manifestation of sensorimotor reactions allows you to quickly master the technical and tactical actions, effectively solve the tasks in a competitive duel. According to the results of the study, athletes older in age and higher in qualification have more developed (p<0,05) sensorimotor reactions, which is due to both physiological age-related changes and the tasks that combatants solve in the course of training and competitive activities. Analysis of the results of the study made it possible to determine some features of the manifestation of sensorimotor reactions. Thus, sportsmen of 9-11 years old showed a statistically significant (p<0,05) improvement in results compared to sportsmen of 7-8 years old, mainly in tests characterizing the manifestation of speed and coordination abilities. Athletes aged 12-14 showed a statistically significant (p<0,05) improvement in results compared to athletes aged 9-11, mainly in tests characterizing the manifestation of coordination abilities and specific perceptions. The dynamics of these changes is a reflection of the direction of the training process in the groups and taekwondo athletes who participated in the study. Keywords: sensorimotor reactions, age groups, young athletes, taekwondo