bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic effectiveness and adverse drug reactions of mirabegron versus solifenacin in the treatment of overactive bladder syndrome
Authors: Raj Megha O. , Jose Jinish , Paul Fredrick , Sreedharan Syam , Uthaman Nithya
Published: May 2024

Introduction:

Overactive bladder (OAB) syndrome is a chronic disease characterized by urinary urgency with or without urge incontinence, frequency, and nocturia and antimuscarinic drugs such as solifenacin have been the mainstay of treatment. Mirabegron a beta 3 adrenoreceptor agonist has recently gained importance in the management of OAB. The rationale of the study is that mirabegron improves the storage function without affecting voiding which increases the therapeutic effectiveness. The objective was to determine the therapeutic effectiveness of mirabegron versus solifenacin.

Methods:

A prospective observational study was conducted on 298 patients with OAB syndrome attending the urology outpatient department of government medical college after obtaining institutional review board clearance. Patients of both genders, belonging to the 18–65 years of age group, attending the urology outpatient department were selected for the study. Patients were evaluated using the OAB-validated 8-question awareness tool (OAB-V8 score) before and after receiving drugs by direct questionnaire method after receiving informed consent. Patients were prescribed either solifenacin 5 mg or mirabegron 25 mg once daily by the urologist. Follow-up was done after 4 and 12 weeks. Adverse drug reactions of the drugs were assessed using the Central Drug Standard Control Organization suspected adverse reaction (ADR) form, and ADRs were notified to the nearest ADR monitoring center.

Results:

The mirabegron group showed maximum improvement in the mean OAB-V8 score values from baseline at 4 weeks (12.82 ± 5.86, P < 0.001) and 12 weeks (5.74 ± 3.31, P < 0.001) when compared to solifenacin. OAB-V8 scores of the solifenacin group also showed significant improvement from the baseline at 4 weeks (15.30 ± 5.54, P < 0.001) and 12 weeks (8.05 ± 4.59, P < 0.001). Heart rate, systolic, and diastolic blood pressures did not show significant changes during the follow-up in both the study groups. Thirteen patients developed ADRs such as dry mouth (four patients) and constipation (nine patients) in the solifenacin group. No ADRs were noted in the mirabegron group.

Conclusion:

Mirabegron showed maximum improvement in the OAB-V8 scores in patients with OAB syndrome, although the solifenacin group also showed improvement. Adverse effects were less in the mirabegron group when compared to the solifenacin group.
Preference of low vision devices in patients with central field loss and peripheral field loss
Authors: Gopalakrishnan Sarika , Paramasivan Gaurav , Sathyaprasath Mathangi , Raman Rajiv
Published: May 2024

PURPOSE:

The objective of this study was to estimate the profile of patients visiting low vision care clinic at a tertiary eye care center in India and to analyze the preference of low vision devices (LVD).

METHODS:

A retrospective review was done for 450 patients with low vision who were referred to the LVC clinic from January 2019 to December 2019. The participants were categorized into two groups as central field loss (CFL) and peripheral field loss (PFL). Demographic profile details and low vision device preference were documented.

RESULTS:

Out of 450 patients, 242 (53.8%) were diagnosed to have CFL and 208 (46.2%) had PFL. The median age of the overall patients was 34.5 years. Overall, 323 (71.8%) were men and 127 (28.2%) were women. Cone dystrophy (21.1%) was the major cause of low vision among atrophic changes (54.1%) in CFL, and retinitis pigmentosa (81.2%) was the majority in retina related changes (81.7%) in PFL. Overall, 71.3% of the low vision patients preferred LVD. CFL group (76%) preferred LVD more than PFL group (65.9%). Almost 34% of the patients in both CFL and PFL group have preferred half eyes and Ashperics, followed by 32.5% in CFL and 28.1% in PFL preferred dome magnifiers. Statistically significant improvement in distance and near vision with the help of LVD was noted.

CONCLUSION:

The use of LVD can help patients with low vision in restoring useful vision, where medical and surgical treatment have no or a limited role.
Adalimumab treatment for chronic recurrent Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease with sunset glow fundus
Authors: Takeuchi Masaru , Nakai Shunsaku , Usui Yoshihiko , Namba Kenichi , Suzuki Kayo , Harada Yosuke , Kusuhara Sentaro , Kaburaki Toshikatsu , Tanaka Rie , Takeuchi Masaki , Mizuki Nobuhisa , Nakai Kei , Goto Hiroshi , Herbort Carl P.
Published: May 2024

PURPOSE:

We investigated the efficacy and safety of adalimumab (ADA) treatment for chronic recurrent Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) patients with sunset glow fundus (SGF).

METHODS:

Medical records of 50 chronic recurrent VKH patients with SGF who received ADA treatment for more than 6 months were retrospectively reviewed.

RESULTS:

The mean age of chronic recurrent VKH patients with SGF was 55.9 ± 14.4 years, and the male/female ratio was 26/24. Before ADA treatment, the mean daily dose of systemic corticosteroids was 16.5 ± 12.7 mg, and 22 patients (44%) were under immunosuppressors. LogMAR visual acuity (VA), flare counts, subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), indocyanine green angiography scores, and corticosteroid and cyclosporine doses were significantly reduced by ADA treatment at 6 months compared to baseline. Among all parameters, flare count was significantly related to LogMAR VA. LogMAR VA was significantly related to flare counts but not to SFCT nor to ICGA scores. ADA treatment was continued in 94%.

CONCLUSION:

ADA was shown to be effective in achieving remission of chronic recurrent VKH disease with SGF refractory to conventional treatments, and was generally well tolerated with few serious adverse events.
Advances in retinopathy of prematurity imaging
Authors: Wakabayashi Taku , Patel Samir N. , Campbell J. P. , Chang Emmanuel Y. , Nudleman Eric D. , Yonekawa Yoshihiro
Published: May 2024

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) remains the leading cause of childhood blindness worldwide. Recent advances in ROP imaging have significantly improved our understanding of the pathogenesis and pathophysiological course of ROP including the acute phase, regression, reactivation, and late complications, known as adult ROP. Recent progress includes various contact and noncontact wide-field imaging devices for fundus imaging, smartphone-based fundus photography, wide-field fluorescein angiography, handheld optical coherence tomography (OCT) devices for wide-field en face OCT images, and OCT angiography. Images taken by those devices were incorporated in the recently updated guidelines of ROP, the International Classification of Retinopathy of Prematurity, Third Edition (ICROP3). ROP imaging has also allowed the real-world adoption of telemedicine- and artificial intelligence (AI)-based screening. Recent study demonstrated proof of concept that AI has a high diagnostic performance for the detection of ROP in a real-world screening. Here, we summarize the recent advances in ROP imaging and their application for screening, diagnosis, and management of ROP.
Early lens aspiration with posterior chamber intraocular lens and capsular tension ring in microspherophakia to avoid lens-induced complications
Authors: Al-Rajhi Ali A. , Almazyad Enmar M.
Published: May 2024

PURPOSE:

To report the surgical outcome of early lens aspiration, posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC IOL), and capsular tension ring (CTR) in a case series of microspherophakia (MSP) and secondary glaucoma.

METHODS:

Case series of 18 eyes of MSP cases presented with lenticular myopia and secondary glaucoma that underwent early lens aspiration, PC IOL and CTR by one ophthalmologist. Baseline, long-term postoperative outcomes and complications were documented.

RESULTS:

All cases underwent successful surgery with lens aspiration PC IOL implantation and CTR insertion without intraoperative complications. One of the 18 cases was a delayed referral which had broad anterior synechiae and following lens aspiration developed corneal decompensation. In one eye, CTR implantation was not possible hence, lens aspiration with scleral fixation (SF) of 3 piece IOL was performed (excluded from the analysis). Overall there was an improvement in visual acuity (from 0.3 ± 0.1 to 0.2 ± 0.2 LogMar, P = 0.006), intraocular pressure (IOP), and most notably, deepening of the anterior chamber. Some cases required subsequent glaucoma surgery to control IOP. After a long duration of follow-up, all cases had stable capsular lens complex and no capsular phimosis.

CONCLUSION:

Early Lens aspiration with CTR and PCIOL alone in MSP with lens subluxation has a significant impact on the patient's quality of vision, deepening the anterior chamber and preventing complications or poor outcomes. In addition, good capsular-lens complex stability and absence of capsular phimosis or phacodonesis on long-term follow-up were obtained.
Combined corneal wavefront-guided transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy and accelerated corneal collagen cross-linking following intracorneal ring segment implantation in management of moderate keratoconus
Authors: Bakhsh Ashraf M. , Elwan Shaaban A. M. , El-Atris Tamer M. , Al-Salowle Abdulrahman M. , Alsamnan Mazen S.
Published: May 2024

PURPOSE:

Keratoconus (KC) leads to gradual progressive loss of vision in young and adult patients. For the purpose of visual rehabilitation and for hindering KC progression in patients, we designed this study. The main aim of this study is to help the KC patients to improve and stabilize their vision.

METHODS:

This prospective consecutive uncontrolled study includes 36 eyes of 36 patients with moderate degree of KC. All patients underwent combined wavefront-guided transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (TPRK) and accelerated corneal collagen cross-linking (ACXL) after intracorneal ring segment (ICRS) implantation. Different measures will be evaluated at baseline, after ICRS implantation, and at one, 3, 6, and 12 months after combined (TPRK and ACXL). These measurements are uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), manifest refraction spherical equivalent (MRSE), corneal indices based on Scheimpflug tomography, and higher-order aberrations (HOAs) based on (Sirius, Schwind) tomography.

RESULTS:

There were significant improvements in logMAR (UDVA and CDVA) and reduction in sphere, manifest cylinder, MRSE, maximal keratometry, and mean keratometry after ICRS implantation in the first stage. After TPRK and ACXL as the second stage, there were significant improvements in visual acuity of both logMAR UDVA and CDVA. Reduction in refractive outcomes, including MRSE, sphere, and manifest cylinder. All corneal indices including steep, flat, mean, and maximal keratometries had been decreased. Furthermore, there were significant improvements in the final root mean square, HOAs, and coma aberrations from baseline.

CONCLUSION:

In moderate KC, triple therapy of ICRS implantation followed by combined TPRK and ACXL appears to be a safe and effective approach. This approach provides an improvement in visual acuity, refraction, corneal indices, and HOAs. These improvements were maintained for 1 year postoperatively. It also halts KC progression.
Late sequelae of retinopathy of prematurity in adolescence and adulthood
Authors: Özdemir Huseyin B. , Özdek Sengül
Published: May 2024

This article provides information about late complications of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), especially seen in adolescence and adulthood. The majority of ROP patients recover without complications and treatment, but severe ROP cases should be properly treated. Both prematurity itself and the treatment of ROP cause some changes in the anterior (refractive changes, cataract, and glaucoma) and posterior segments (tractional, rhegmatogenous and exudative retinal detachment, vitreous hemorrhage, etc.,) of the eye and predispose to significant lifelong complications. Awareness of these late complications can minimize severe vision loss with proper follow-up and appropriate treatment. Therefore, life-long ophthalmological follow-up is mandatory in all prematures with the diagnosis of ROP.
Prognostic nutritional index as a novel marker for diabetic retinopathy in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Kurtul Bengi E. , Koca Suleyman , Yilmaz Muge O.
Published: May 2024

PURPOSE:

In recent years, the prognostic nutritional index (PNI), an easily obtainable nutritional inflammatory marker, has been introduced as an independent prognostic indicator for various types of cancers and cardiovascular diseases. However, its clinical importance in the area of ophthalmology is not well known yet. We aimed to elucidate the association between the PNI and the occurrence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

METHODS:

In this cross-sectional study, the PNI was applied to 128 consecutive patients with T2DM. The relationship between the PNI and the occurrence of DR was examined. PNI was calculated as 10× (serum albumin) + 0.005 × (total lymphocyte count). The risk factors for DR were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression analysis. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of PNI for predicting DR was performed.

RESULTS:

Patients with DR had significantly lower levels of PNI than those without DR (41.20 ± 4.81 and 44.49 ± 3.10, respectively,P< 0.001). Multivariate regression analysis indicated that PNI, together with the duration of diabetes and creatinine, was an independent factor for DR occurrence (odds ratio, 0.885; 95% confidence interval: 0.735–0.971;P= 0.017). ROC curve analysis revealed that the best cutoff value of PNI was 43 (area under the curve: 0.713; sensitivity: 74%; specificity: 64%).

CONCLUSION:

A lower PNI value is common among T2DM patients with DR and is strongly associated with the occurrence of DR. The PNI might be a useful biomarker for identifying DR to improve the risk stratification and management of T2DM patients.
Predictors of limited early response to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy in neovascular age-related macular degeneration with machine learning feature importance
Authors: Perkins Scott W. , Wu Anna K. , Singh Rishi P.
Published: May 2024

PURPOSE:

Patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) have varying responses to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections. Limited early response (LER) after three monthly loading doses is associated with poor long-term vision outcomes. This study predicts LER in nAMD and uses feature importance analysis to explain how baseline variables influence predicted LER risk.

METHODS:

Baseline age, best visual acuity (BVA), central subfield thickness (CST), and baseline and 3 months intraretinal fluid (IRF) and subretinal fluid (SRF) for 286 eyes were collected in a retrospective clinical chart review. At month 3, LER was defined as the presence of fluid, while early response (ER) was the absence thereof. Decision tree classification and feature importance methods determined the influence of baseline age, BVA, CST, IRF, and SRF, on predicted LER risk.

RESULTS:

One hundred and sixty-seven eyes were LERs and 119 were ERs. The algorithm achieved area under the curve = 0.66 in predicting LER. Baseline SRF was most important for predicting LER while age, BVA, CST, and IRF were somewhat less important. Nonlinear trends were observed between baseline variables and predicted LER risk. Zones of increased predicted LER risk were identified, including age <74 years, and CST <290 or >350 μm, IRF >750 nL, and SRF >150 nL.

CONCLUSION:

These findings explain baseline variable importance for predicting LER and show SRF to be the most important. The nonlinear impact of baseline variables on predicted risk is shown, increasing understanding of LER and aiding clinicians in assessing personalized LER risk.
The ‘new’ Renewable Energy Directive (RED III): an overview
Authors: Lehnert Wieland , Traum Yola
Published: May 2024

The new Renewable Energy Directive (RED III) entered into force on 20 November 2023. The directive contains fundamental provisions for the deployment and increased use of renewable energies. The new directive is intended to speed up the transition of the most carbon-intensive economic sectors and represents a milestone on the EU Member States’ path to climate neutrality. This article summarizes the background and development as well as the main changes introduced by the directive from a legal perspective.
Mulieres in Military Milieu of Troesmis
Authors: Curcă Roxana-Gabriela
Published: May 2024

The current research focuses on the identification of certain patterns, specific to the analysis of women mentioned in the epigrahical records of an important military settlement of Moesia Inferior, Troesmis. The case study of female figures at Troesmis could serve as a reference for similar investigation of other military milieu of the same province regarding the subject.
Pottery Vessels with graffiti Discovered in the Fort of Ala I Batavorum in Dacia
Authors: Varga Rada , Rubel Alexander , Bounegru George
Published: May 2024

This paper presents graffiti discovered on a few plates discovered in a barrack from the fort of ala I Batavorum milliaria in Dacia. Typical for the Batavian troops, the onomastics is Latin and Greek. The instrumenta prove that the soldiers scribbled their names on every-day use vessels and offer us a glimpse of the very men that lived there together.
Genome assembly of the rare and endangered Grantham’s camellia, Camellia granthamiana
Authors:   Hong Kong Biodiversity Genomics Consortium, Hui Jerome H. L. , Chan Ting Fung , Chan Leo Lai , Cheung Siu Gin , Cheang Chi Chiu , Fang James Kar-Hei , Gaitan-Espitia Juan Diego , Lau Stanley Chun Kwan , Sung Yik Hei , Wong Chris Kong Chu , Yip Kevin Yuk-Lap , Wei Yingying , Law Sean Tsz Sum , So Wai Lok , Nong Wenyan , Lau David Tai Wai , Yip Ho Yin
Published: May 2024

Grantham’s camellia (Camellia granthamiana Sealy) is a rare and endangered tea species discovered in Hong Kong in 1955 and endemic to southern China. Despite its high conservation value, the genomic resources of C. granthamiana are limited. Here, we present a chromosome-scale draft genome of the tetraploid C. granthamiana (2n = 4x = 60), combining PacBio long-read sequencing and Omni-C data. The assembled genome size is ∼2.4 Gb, with most sequences anchored to 15 pseudochromosomes resembling a monoploid genome. The genome has high contiguity, with a scaffold N50 of 139.7 Mb, and high completeness (97.8% BUSCO score). Our gene model prediction resulted in 68,032 protein-coding genes (BUSCO score of 90.9%). We annotated 1.65 Gb of repeat content (68.48% of the genome). Our Grantham’s camellia genome assembly is a valuable resource for investigating Grantham’s camellia’s biology, ecology, and phylogenomic relationships with other Camellia species, and provides a foundation for further conservation measures.
IMPACT OF BIO-CONTROL AGENT ON THE MANAGEMENT OF RICE INSECT PESTS
Authors: Dey Shamik , Pal Nandini
Published: May 2024

Insect pests and disease infestations are the primary problems in rice (Oryza sativa) cultivation. Mostly lepidopteran and hemipteran like yellow stem borer and brown plant hopper respectively are the important insect pests. Concerns about chemical free agriculture have promoted widespread introduction of integrated pest management, an ecologically based approach to control the harmful insects and pests. Integrated pest management is intended to reduce ecological and health damage from chemical pesticides by using natural parasites and predators to control pest population. This review article describes the impact of various biocontrol agents with respect to management of rice insect pests.
Precision Geolocation of Medicinal Plants: Assessing Machine Learning Algorithms for Accuracy and Efficiency
Authors: Maria Concepcion Suarez Vera
Published: May 2024

This study investigates the precision geolocation of medicinal plants, a critical endeavor bridging ecology, conservation, and pharmaceutical research. By employing machine learning algorithms—gradient boosting machine (GBM), random forest (RF), and support vector machine (SVM)—within the cross-industry standard process for data mining (CRISP-DM) framework, both the accuracy and efficiency of medicinal plant geolocation are enhanced. The assessment employs precision, recall, accuracy, and F1 score performance metrics. Results reveal that SVM and GBM algorithms exhibit superior performance, achieving an accuracy of 97.29%, with SVM showing remarkable computational efficiency. Meanwhile, despite inferior performance, RF remains competitive especially when model interpretability is required. These outcomes highlight the efficacy of SVM and GBM in medicinal plant geolocation and accentuate their potential to advance environmental research, conservation strategies, and pharmaceutical explorations. The study underscores the interdisciplinary significance of accurately geolocating medicinal plants, supporting their conservation for future pharmaceutical innovation and ecological sustainability.
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTAION OF SAFETY MEASURES CAUSE BY DROWSINESS DETECTION IN AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE
Authors: C.Vibin stalin  , M.Senthamil Selvan  , K.Vijay  , R.Subramani
Published: May 2024

Driver’s drowsiness is the major problem that causes road accidents. Unlike normal facial expression, drowsiness is defined to be a condition of exhaustion, where the expression of the face is different from usual. The important steps in detecting drowsiness are face detection and expression detection. When the detection occurs that time the hazard lights are activate automatically to warn other drivers that the vehicle is a temporary obstruction. Also we have proposed new safety method using Ultrasonic sensors. It is used to detect the obstacles in which by using transmitter and receiver signals. The barrier principle determines the distance from the sensor to the reflector (Retro-Reflective Sensor) or to an object (Through-Beam Sensor) in the measuring range. The distance measurement using ultrasonic sensors to detect obstacles and their distances. Once the obstacle has been detected and safe separation distance is reached, the vehicle will automatically get stopped and also shared control concept for lane keeping assist (LKA) systems of intelligent vehicles. The core idea is to combine system perception with robust control so that the proposed strategy can successfully share the control authority between human drivers and the LKA system. This shared control strategy is composed of two parts, namely an operational part and a tactical part. Two local optimal-based controllers with two predeﬁned objectives (i.e., lane keeping and conﬂict management) are designed in the operational part. The control supervisor in the tactical part aims to provide a decision making signal which allows for a smooth transition between two local controllers. The control design is based on a human-in the-loop vehicle system to improve the mutual driver-automation understanding, thus reducing or avoiding the conﬂict. In particular, the control design is formulated as an LMI optimization which can be easily solved with numerical solvers. The effectiveness of the proposed shared control method is clearly demonstrated through various hardware experiments with human drivers. Its controls the steering and to go on the straight road.
AGATHEESHWARAR TEMPLE, PALANJUR, TAMILNADU
Authors: G. Anitha  , R. Praveen Kumar  , B. Sadha
Published: May 2024

This paper explores a divine shrine, delving into its establishment, development, and maintenance over time. It uncovers astonishing facts and beliefs, shedding light on the spiritual and scientific contributions of our ancestors. The shrine offers insights into managing life's challenges, promoting personal well-being. Focused on unearthing hidden treasures, it encourages readers to explore ancient lifestyles, values, and survival skills. Through a comprehensive study, this work aims to inspire deeper spiritual understanding and appreciation for our heritage.
ENHANCING NEGOTIATION SKILLS WITHIN EDUCATIONAL SETTING
Authors: Karapetyan Anna
Published: May 2024

The study of negotiation skills within education extends beyond verbal communication to encompass cultural competence. Language instruction not only facilitates language acquisition but also fosters development of negotiation skills. Thus, the focus of the present study is on integrating negotiation skills training within the framework of English language instruction, in higher education in particular. The investigation carried out with the application of qualitative and quantitative research methodology, investigates the role of negotiation in educational contexts, discusses the significance of integrating negotiation skills training into higher education, evaluates the effectiveness of various teaching methods in enhancing students’ negotiation abilities, examines the relationship between negotiation and language acquisition. As a result, it can be stated that the integration of negotiation training into the education classroom holds immense potential for students (both academically and personally) in today’s globalized world, thus representing not only an educational imperative but also a societal necessity enabling students to navigate confidently in today’s increasingly complex and interconnected world.
PRECONDITIONS AND REASONS FOR CHRISTIANITY TO BECOME A STATE RELIGION IN GREATER ARMENIA (GREAT HAYQ) IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 3RD CENTURY
Authors: Sahakyan Artsruni
Published: May 2024

The article highlights the domestic and global preconditions for Christianity to become a state religion in Hayq. The underlying reason and the social-political consequences have been specified, as well. As it follows, the religious situation in Greater Armenia did not allow the country to adopt a neutral position in the military and political race between the two super powers of the time, first because of its syncretic nature and later owing to Zoroastrian reforms. Hence, Greater Armenia faced a most decisive choice in favor of a new type of independence that was possible only through a religious neutrality – a step that Tiridates III realized thereby earning the title of the Great.
Սուբյեկտիվն ու օբյեկտիվն իբրև հակադրության դրսևորում. նոր հայացք դասական մոտեցումներին
Authors: Մկրտչյան Մկրտիչ Ս․
Published: May 2024

Մարդու աշխարհընկալման սուբյեկտիվ և օբյեկտիվ տարբերակումը միշտ էլ հետաքրքրել է փիլիսոփաներին, նշանագետներին ու որոշ չափով` նաև լեզվաբաններին։ Ավելին, սուբյեկտիվ իմաստը տարբեր լեզվաբաններ տարբեր կերպ են մեկնաբանում, և որպես հետևանք, սուբյեկտիվ իմաստի՝ որպես լեզվաբանական երևույթի մասին տեսակետները տարբեր բնույթ են ստանում տարբեր լեզվաբանների մոտ։ Տարբեր են նաև այն տեսակետները թե լեզվաբանական տեսանկյունից ով է առաջինը ձևակերպել սուբյեկտիվ իմաստի մասին գաղափարը։ Ընդ որում, իմաստի սուբյեկտիվ և օբյեկտիվ լինելը երբեմն բացահայտ, երբեմն էլ ոչ այդքան բացահայտ առկա է այն աշխատություններում, որոնք քիչ թե շատ վերաբերում են բառի գործածությանը։ Թերևս Էդուարդ Աղայանն այն սակավաթիվ հայ լեզվաբաններից է, որ առանձին անդրադարձ է կատարել բառի սուբյեկտիվ իմաստին՝ տարանջատելով այն դեպքերը, երբ օբյեկտիվ հասկացություն նշանակող բառիմաստը ձեռք է բերում սուբյեկտիվ իմաստ ու իմաստային երանգավորում։ Ըստ այդմ՝ սույն հոդվածը նպատակ ունի նախ քննելու սուբյեկտիվ իմաստի ըմբռնումը լեզվաբանության մեջ, սուբյեկտիվի և օբյեկտիվի հարաբերությունները ճանաչողական լեզվաբանության տեսանկյունից, այնուհետև ներկայացնելու Էդուարդ Աղայանի հայացքները բառի սուբյեկտիվ իմաստի դրսևորման վերաբերյալ նրա տարբեր աշխատություններում։
The re-opening of judicial proceedings in the Armenian law and practice following the judgments of the European court of human rights
Authors: Asatryan Artak
Published: May 2024

The Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (hereinafter referred to as the Convention) guarantees a number of rights and freedoms that the states that have ratified the Convention are obliged to respect in the territories under their jurisdiction. Regarding violations recorded by the European Court of Human Rights (hereinafter referred to as the ECtHR) created on the basis of the Convention, there is often a need to reopen judicial cases at the domestic level. The importance of this process lies in its central place in the execution system of the ECtHR’s judgments and in some cases is considered as the only way to restore the violated rights.
Within the framework of this article, the legislation and practice of the Republic of Armenia regarding the reopening of judicialcases following the judgments of the ECtHR were studied. In particular, the relevant legal regulations of RA criminal procedure, RA civil procedure, RA administrative procedure codes and other legal acts were analyzed. As a result of the comprehensive studies carried out in the article, the gaps, shortcomings and uncertainties of the RA legislation and practice in the discussed field were highlighted, and relevant recommendations were made to fill, eliminate or clarify them.
Հայաստանի Հանրապետության հարաբերությունները Համաձայնության պետությունների (Անտանտ) և Ամերիկայի Միացյալ Նահանգների հետ (1919 փետրվար-1920 հունվար)
Authors: Պետրոսյան Գեղամ
Published: May 2024

Հոդվածում համակողմանիորեն ներկայացվում և ամբողջացվում են այն հիմնական պատճառները,  թե ինչու  Հայաստանի Հանրապետությունն իր գոյության առաջին փուլում (1918 թթ. հունիս-նոյեմբեր)  չէր կարող ինքնուրույն և ազատ  արտաքին քաղաքականություն վարել և դիվանագիտական հարաբերություններ հաստատել Համաձայնության դաշինքի՝ Անտանտի մեծ դաշնակիցների   և  դաշինքին  հարող  պետությունների  հետ:
         Առաջին աշխարհամարտում օսմանյան  Թուրքիայի և նրա դաշնակիցների վերջնական պարտությամբ ստեղծված աշխարհաքաղաքական բարենպաստ  նոր իրադրությունում Հայաստանի Հանրապետությունն այլևս ազատ էր տնօրինելու իր արտաքին քաղաքականությունը և կարող էր դիվանագիտական ավելի ակտիվ հարաբերություններ հաստատելու ջանքեր  գործադրել  Անտանտի՝  Ամերիկայի Միացյալ Նահանգների, Ֆրանսիայի, Անգլիայի և Հայաստանի Հանրապետության համար ավելի քան կենսական և անվտանգային նշանակություն ունեցող  Ռուսաստանի խորհրդային և ոչ խորհրդային (հակաբոլշևիկյան) պետական կազմավորումների  և այլ պետությունների հետ:
         Քննության  է  առնվում  քաղաքական  նոր  պայմաններում  Հայաստանի Հանրապետության  արտաքին քաղաքականության առաջնային  խնդիրներից մեկը՝ հարաբերությունների հաստատումը  Ամերիկայի Միացյալ  Նահանգների հետ: Բացահայտվում  և ցույց են տրվում   նաև այդ հարաբերությունների հաստատման  քաղաքական, դիվանագիտական, տեխնիկական բազմաթիվ ու բազմաբնույթ դժվարությունները և խոչընդոտները:
Портрет как средство психологической характеристики в романе М.Е. Салтыкова-Щедрина «Господа Головлевы» и его воссоздание в армянском переводе
Authors: Атанесян Ашхен
Published: May 2024

В статье рассматривается одна из частных задач, возникающих при переводе на армянский язык романа М.Е. Салтыкова-Щедрина «Господа Головлевы». Речь идет о полноценном воспроизведении в переводе такой художественной детали, как портрет литературного героя. «Портрет» в литературном произведении – понятие довольно объемное, включающее в себя разноплановую характеристику героя. В данной работе мы ограничиваемся рассмотрением такой составляющей портретной характеристики, как внешность героев, которой в произведении уделено не так много места. Известно, что в создании главных образов романа наиболее значимой является их речевая характеристика. Именно она несет в себе основную смысловую и стилеобразующую нагрузку. Вместе с тем описание внешнего вида героев также функционально в психологической характеристике образа и играет немаловажную роль как визуальная составляющая читательского восприятия. В данном ракурсе анализируются портреты эпизодических, второстепенных и главных героев романа. Показано, как на протяжении романа в соответствии с развитием образа меняется физический облик героев. Рассмотрена одежда как атрибут внешнего вида героя, также имеющий определенное значение в раскрытии образа.
В статье проведен сравнительно-сопоставительный анализ оригинала и армянского перевода романа в границах обозначенной проблематики. Приведены и проанализированы примеры несоответствия перевода оригиналу по определенным параметрам. Рассмотрены также примеры адекватного воспроизведения оригинала в переводе, в полной мере отражающие смысл и художественное своеобразие подлинника. На основании анализа сделаны выводы о том, насколько полноценным является художественный образ в переводе романа.
Daha Emniyetli İşletme için Bağımsız Hemzemin Geçit Çözümü
Authors: Adalı Çağla , Kera Güray
Published: May 2024

Hemzemin geçitler, demiryolu emniyetinde kritik noktalar olup, dünyadaki demiryolu kazalarının çoğu hemzemin geçitlerde meydana gelmektedir. Bu konu Avrupa istatistiklerine kıyasla Türkiye’de daha kritiktir. Çoğu durumda karayolu araç sürücüleri hemzemin geçitlerde kazalara neden olsa da, kaza olasılığını azaltmak için emniyet açısından geliştirilmiş hemzemin geçit sistemleri kullanımının faydası yadsınamayacak kadar fazladır. Bir hemzemin geçit sisteminin emniyet özelliklerini geliştirmek için bazı önemli noktaların tanımlanması gerekir. Bunlara ek olarak, SIL 4 uyumluluğunun sağlanması hem rastgele hem de sistematik arızaları azaltır. Bu çalışmada, yüksek emniyetli koruma sistemi sağlamak amacıyla bağımsız bir hemzemin geçit sistemi olan id-LX, sunulmuş; sırasıyla Hata Türü ve Etkileri Analizi ile Hata Ağacı Analizi yapılmıştır. Bu sistem, yolboyu ekipmanlarını etkinleştirmek ve gösterge bilgilerini mantık ünitesine iletmek için SIL 4 uyumlu modülleri de dahil olmak üzere, SIL 4 sertifikalı PLC ve mantık ünitesi olarak yazılıma dayanan bir sistemdir. Bu arıza emniyetli sistem, acil durumlarda emniyetli durumu koruma kabiliyetine de sahiptir. SIL 4 uyumluluğu, hemzemin geçit ekipmanları arasındaki ortak nedenlere karşı koruma, sertifikalı bir mantık ünitesi ve sağlam bir makinist uyarı sinyalleri, hemzemin geçitlerde kaza potansiyelini azaltmak için önemli avantajlardır. Önerilen sistemin uygulamaya konması ile, Türkiye'deki yaygın emniyet hedeflerinin önemli ölçüde iyileştirilebileceği kanıtlanmıştır.
Instagram Ganjar Pranowo Panduan Pendidikan Politik untuk Pemula
Authors: Fahmi Faisal Aldi Rachmaniar , Rochmaniah Ainur
Published: May 2024

Studi kualitatif ini mengamati penerimaan konten pendidikan politik di akun Instagram @ganjar_pranowo menggunakan Teori Resepsi Stuart Hall. Melalui wawancara dan analisis data, berbagai makna dari audiens berhasil diungkapkan. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa latar belakang audiens memengaruhi interpretasi elemen-elemen pendidikan politik. Sementara satu informan bernegosiasi makna, mencari sumber tambahan, dua informan menunjukkan dominasi hegemoni, menganggap akun Instagram sebagai sumber utama pendidikan politik mereka. Implikasi menyiratkan perlunya pendekatan pendidikan politik yang beragam dan disesuaikan untuk melibatkan perspektif audiens yang beragam secara efektif.
Membangun Merek Pribadi Sunny Dahye di Saluran YouTube-nya
Authors: Larastri Aulivia Regita , Sinduwiatmo Kukuh
Published: May 2024

Studi ini mengkaji efektivitas strategi personal branding yang digunakan oleh Sunny Dahye, seorang YouTuber terkemuka, melalui kanalnya "SunnydahyeIn." Menggunakan delapan hukum personal branding sebagai kerangka teori, penelitian ini berfokus pada analisis konten yang diunggah selama tahun lalu. Metodologi visual oleh Gillian Rose, khususnya analisis wacana dalam Site of Self, diterapkan, menilai modalitas teknologi, komposisi, dan sosial. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa Sunny Dahye unggul dalam area spesialisasi, perbedaan, dan kepemimpinan, dengan posisi yang jelas sebagai influencer Korea yang ceria, modis, dan berorientasi kecantikan yang menggunakan bahasa Indonesia untuk komunikasi. Studi ini menekankan peran penting branding pribadi yang disesuaikan dalam meningkatkan visibilitas dan keterlibatan influencer online.
The Significance of Quality in Health Services
Authors:   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, Alshugeer Mohammad , Bin Dokhi Majed Nasser ,   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, Ashiya Ahmed Radwan ,   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, Aljawayan Ahmed Abdullah ,   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, Abuhaimed Reem Abdulaziz ,   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, Alsuhali Meshal Bdai ,   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, Almuhaesen Turki Hamoud ,   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, Alhassar Maha Saleh Mohammed ,   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, Aqeeli Anfal Yahya ,   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, Almgli Ibrahim Zaid Ibrahim ,   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, Alharthy Nadia Mubarak ,   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, Hamdi Afaf Ali Abdullah ,   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Businesses and organizations in the current period strive to thrive in a fiercely competitive environment by attracting a maximum number of consumers. Purpose: This review study seeks to examine the definition of quality in health care with the goal of promoting health. Materials and Methods: The methodology employed involved doing a comprehensive literature search of review and research studies in internationally recognized databases such as Medline, Pubmed, and Cinahl. The articles were excluded based on the criterion that they were written in a language other than English. Results: The concept of health is intricate, making it challenging to establish a precise and unambiguous definition of excellence in healthcare. Quality in healthcare is an essential focus for scientists, organizations, and healthcare personnel, as well as for individuals who receive these services. Conclusions: Undoubtedly, quality in health services is an increasingly demanding first-priority need.
Endomyocardial Fibrosis Secondary to Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia: Case Report
Authors:   Universidade Tiradentes, Departamento de Medicina, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil, Trindade Yasmin Tourinho Delmondes , Bastos Caio Oliveira ,   Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil, Cruz Mariana Garcez da ,   Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, Trindade Leda Maria Delmondes Freitas ,   Universidade Tiradentes, Departamento de Medicina, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil, Gonçalves Luiz Flávio Galvão ,   Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Departamento de Medicina, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil & Rede D’Or São Luiz, Clínica e Hospital São Lucas, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil & Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Hospital Universitário, Divisão de Cardiologia, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil, Filho José Augusto Soares Barreto ,   Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Departamento de Medicina, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil & Rede D’Or São Luiz, Clínica e Hospital São Lucas, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil & Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Hospital Universitário, Divisão de Cardiologia, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil, Campos Milena dos Santos Barros ,   Universidade Tiradentes, Departamento de Medicina, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil & Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Departamento de Medicina, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil & Rede D’Or São Luiz, Clínica e Hospital São Lucas, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil & Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Hospital Universitário, Divisão de Cardiologia, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
Published: May 2024

Endomyocardial fibrosis (EMF) is characterized by fibrosis of the endomyocardium of one or both ventricles and atrioventricular valves. Progressive fibrosis leads to irreversible restrictive cardiomyopathy, progressing to heart failure (HF), thromboembolic phenomena, and arrhythmias. It is one of the main complications of chronic eosinophilic leukemia (CEL), resulting from intense eosinophilic infiltration into cardiac tissue. This case is of a 34-year-old male patient with past medical history of CEL, who developed EMF and severe heart failure, NYHA (New York Heart Association) IV, and underwent endocardectomy and mitral and tricuspid valvuloplasty. After the procedure, he improved to NYHA II, initiated cardiovascular rehabilitation, and returned to daily activities.
The Use of Minimally Invasive Surgery in the Treatment of Crohn's Disease: A Systematic Review of Evidence
Authors:   Master´s Degree in Hospital Management, Ministerio de Salud Publica, Ecuador, https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5679-9294, Abad Cinthya Cecilia Ulloa , Llumiquinga Dayana Belén Llumigusín ,   Medicine Department, Ministerio de Salud Pública, Ecuador, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6284-7157, Imbaquingo Héctor Josué Ruano ,   Medicine Department, Pontificia Universidad Católica, Ecuador, https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1599-8859, Rueda Robert Adan Lalama ,   Master´s Degree Hospital Management and Administration, Universidad de los Hemisferios, Ecuador, https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2534-9863, Rueda Juan Esteban Lalama ,   Medicine Department, Universidad Regional, Universidad de los Hemisferios, Ecuador, https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5490-1924, Moreno José Daniel Nuñez ,   General Surgeon, Ministerio de Salud Pública, Ecuador, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5777-1883, Zambrano Iber Ivan Zambrano ,   General Surgeon, Ministerio de Salud Pública, Ecuador, https://orcid.org/ 0009-0007-1854-6668
Published: May 2024

Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) is a groundbreaking approach for treating Crohn's disease (CD), affecting approximately 100-300 per 100,000 people. In 2015, an estimated 3.1 million people were diagnosed with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Our research aims to consolidate previous evidence on MIS techniques, including laparoscopic techniques and robotic-assisted surgery, and compare them to traditional surgical techniques in managing CD. The practical benefits of MIS are evident in comparative studies, which consistently show that laparoscopic approaches result in shorter hospital stays and faster recovery than open surgery. MIS also demonstrates significant long-term benefits, particularly in reducing the mortality rate. Even pediatric CD patients have shown improved outcomes with laparoscopic-assisted surgery, experiencing fewer postoperative complications and better recovery. MIS applications include Laparoscopic ileocolic resections, a key MIS technique, offer comparable outcomes to other therapies like open ileocolic resection but with the added advantages of lower costs and long-term disease control. This cost-effectiveness of MIS techniques is a significant advantage. Techniques like intracorporeal anastomosis and trans colonic specimen removal have further improved postoperative recovery and cosmesis. Strictureplasty is another MIS technique, is particularly beneficial for CD patients with strictures due to its ability to preserve intestinal length and function. Lastly, laparoscopic robotic-assisted surgery is a game-changer, offering a significant reduction in postoperative pain and faster recovery compared to manual surgeries.
Social Constructivism in Learning Islamic Religious Education in State Senior High Schools in Palu City, Indonesia
Authors:   Postgraduate Studies, Curriculum, Islamic Education Department, Universitas Islam Negeri Datokarama Palu, Indonesia, Permatasari Dyah , Nurdin Nurdin ,   Postgraduate Studies, Curriculum, Islamic Education Department, Universitas Islam Negeri Datokarama Palu, Indonesia, Askar Askar ,   Postgraduate Studies, Curriculum, Islamic Education Department, Universitas Islam Negeri Datokarama Palu, Indonesia
Published: May 2024

This study explores the perspectives and implementation of social constructivism in the context of Islamic Education learning in State Senior High Schools in Palu City. The research method applied is a qualitative multi-case study. Data was gathered through direct observation, in-depth interviews, and written document analysis. Interviews involve two school principals and fifteen Islamic education teachers from two State Senior High Schools. The data was then analyzed using thematic analysis. This study found that the paradigm of the school principals demonstrates an understanding and support that needs improvement to delve into and precisely support the theory of social constructivism in the teaching of Islamic religious education. Nonetheless, the school principals also exhibit awareness of the significance of applying the principles of social constructivism in the context of Islamic education. In both schools, the teachers still need to understand social constructivism thoroughly. The teaching practices still rely on lecture methods as the primary approach, leading to the teacher's role primarily focused on imparting information, with collaborative learning implemented as question-and-answer sessions and group discussions. Limitations in assigning collaborative tasks and projects result in the potential for developing the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) among students, which needs to be fully optimized. The concept of scaffolding is only provided to students who inquire; thus, the principles of social constructivism in learning still need to be fully optimized. This study concluded that academics have the opportunity to enrich their knowledge, education practitioners can improve teaching skills, and policymakers can design more effective educational strategies and programs. Joint efforts are needed to enhance the understanding and implementation of social constructivism in Islamic Education learning in State Senior High Schools in Palu City.
The Role of Emotional Branding and Nutritional Benefit towards Customer Loyalty through Customer Satisfaction of Pocari Sweat in Kupang City
Authors:   Student of Postgraduate Magister Management, University of Merdeka Malang, Indonesia, Ha’e Findy Cintya Christin , Khouroh Umu ,   Postgraduate Program, University of Merdeka Malang, Indonesia, Supriadi Bambang ,   Postgraduate Program, University of Merdeka Malang, Indonesia
Published: May 2024

This research provides insights into the influence of Emotional Branding and Nutritional Benefit on consumer loyalty and satisfaction regarding Pocari Sweat products in Kupang City. Path analysis was employed using primary data collected from 300 respondents through questionnaires. The findings indicate that Emotional Branding has a significant positive effect on consumer loyalty (P < 0.05) with a path coefficient of 0.437, as well as on consumer satisfaction (P < 0.05) with a path coefficient of 0.703. Similarly, Nutritional Benefit also has a significant positive effect on consumer loyalty (P < 0.05) with a path coefficient of 0.176, and on consumer satisfaction (P < 0.05) with a path coefficient of 0.184. Furthermore, consumer satisfaction was found to have a significant positive effect on consumer loyalty (P < 0.05) with a path coefficient of 0.285. Path analysis also reveals that Emotional Branding influences consumer loyalty through consumer satisfaction (P < 0.05) with a path coefficient of 0.201. The adjusted R-square values for consumer satisfaction and loyalty variables are 0.651 and 0.625, respectively, indicating that emotional branding and nutritional benefits can explain 65% and 64% of the variability in these variables. Based on these findings, it is suggested that PT Otsuka Pocari Sweat focuses on enhancing consumer satisfaction and loyalty in Kupang City by paying attention to Emotional Branding and Nutritional Benefit aspects. Future research should consider expanding the scope by including other variables that may also influence consumer loyalty and satisfaction.
La inteligencia artificial aplicada a la toma de decisiones en el contexto cubano
Authors: Saraiba Nuñez Leider Inocencio , Expósito Diéguez Lizania , Álvarez Márquez Noemi del Carmen , De Feria Hernández Karina
Published: May 2024

El empleo de redes neuronales para la toma de decisiones dentro del proceso conglomerado KDD, en la gestión del mantenimiento en entidades de electro medicina, se hace cada vez más necesario, en u entorno lleno de datos. Weka como herramienta de minería de datos nos pone en una situación de ventaja al poder extraer conocimiento de los datos recopilados durante el proceso de explotación de los activos electro médicos.