bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Direct inhibition of ACTN4 by ellagic acid limits breast cancer metastasis via regulation of β-catenin stabilization in cancer stem cells
Authors: Wang Neng , Wang Qi , Tang Hailin , Zhang Fengxue , Zheng Yifeng , Wang Shengqi , Zhang Jin , Wang Zhiyu , Xie Xiaoming
Published: December 2017

Background

Pharmacology-based target identification has become a novel strategy leading to the discovery of novel pathological biomarkers. Ellagic acid (EA), a dietary polyphenol compound, exhibits potent anticancer activities; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The current study sought to determine the role and regulation of ACTN4 expression in human breast cancer metastasis and EA-based therapy.

Methods

The anti-metastasis ability of EA was validated by MMTV-PyMT mice and in vitro cell models. Drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) was utilized to identify ACTN4 as the direct target of EA. The metastatic regulated function of ACTN4 were assessed by cancer stem cells (CSCs)-related assays, including mammosphere formation, tumorigenic ability, reattachment differentiation, and signaling pathway analysis. The mechanisms of ACTN4 on β-catenin stabilization were investigated by western blotting, co-immunoprecipitation and ubiquitination assays. The clinical significance of ACTN4 was based on human tissue microarray (TMA) analysis and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database exploration.

Results

EA inhibited breast cancer growth and metastasis via directly targeting ACTN4 in vitro and in vivo, and was accompanied by a limited CSC population. ACTN4 knockdown resulted in the blockage of malignant cell proliferation, colony formation, and ameliorated metastasis potency. ACTN4-positive CSCs exhibited a higher ESA+ proportion, increased mammosphere-formation ability, and enhanced in vivo tumorigenesis ability. Mechanism exploration revealed that interruption of ACTN4/β-catenin interaction will result in the activation of β-catenin proteasome degradation. Increased ACTN4 expression was directly associated with the advanced cancer stage, an increased incidence of metastasis, and poor overall survival period.

Conclusions

Taken together, our results suggest that ACTN4 plays an important role in breast CSCs-related metastasis and is a novel therapeutic target of EA treatment.
Draft genome sequence of Venturia carpophila, the causal agent of peach scab
Authors: Chen Chunxian , Bock Clive H. , Wood Bruce W.
Published: December 2017

Venturia carpophila causes peach scab, a disease that renders peach (Prunus persica) fruit unmarketable. We report a high-quality draft genome sequence (36.9 Mb) of V. carpophila from an isolate collected from a peach tree in central Georgia in the United States. The genome annotation is described and a phylogenetic analysis of the pathogen is presented. The genome sequence will be a useful resource for various studies on the pathogen, including the biology and ecology, taxonomy and phylogeny, host interaction and coevolution, isolation and characterization of genes of interest, and development of molecular markers for genotyping and mapping.
Genome overview of eight Candida boidinii strains isolated from human activities and wild environments
Authors: Camiolo Salvatore , Porru Cinzia , Benítez-Cabello Antonio , Rodríguez-Gómez Francisco , Calero-Delgado Beatríz , Porceddu Andrea , Budroni Marilena , Mannazzu Ilaria , Jiménez-Díaz Rufino , Arroyo-López Francisco Noé
Published: December 2017

Candida boidinii is an Ascomycota yeast with important biotechnological applications. In this paper we present the genome sequencing and annotation of eight strains of this species isolated from human activities and wild environments. The produced assemblies revealed several strain specific features in terms of genomic GC content (ranging from 30.9 to 32.7%), genome size (comprised between 18,791,129 and 19,169,086 bp) and total number of protein coding genes (ranging from 5819 to 5998), with putative assignation to their general KOG functional categories. The obtained data underlined the presence of two different groups for this species. The results reported herein provide new insights into the plasticity of the genome of this yeast species and represent a starting point for further studies in view of its biotechnological applications.
Providing Social Support for Underrepresented Racial and Ethnic Minority PhD Students in the Biomedical Sciences: A Career Coaching Model
Authors: Williams Simon N. , Thakore Bhoomi K. , McGee Richard
Published: December 2017

Improvement in the proportion of underrepresented racial and ethnic minorities (URMs) in academic positions has been unsatisfactory. Although this is a complex problem, one key issue is that graduate students often rely on research mentors for career-related support, the effectiveness of which can be variable. We present results from a novel academic career “coaching” intervention, one aim of which was to provide supplementary social support for PhD students, particularly those from underrepresented backgrounds. Coaching was delivered both within small groups and on an individual basis, with a diverse group of coaches and students coming from many universities. Coaches were provided with additional diversity training. Ninety-six semistructured interviews with 33 URM students over 3 years were analyzed using a qualitative framework approach. For most of the URM PhD students, coaching provided social support in the form of emotional, informational, and appraisal support. Coaching groups provided a noncompetitive environment and “community of support” within which students were able to learn from one another’s experiences and discuss negative and stressful experiences related to their graduate school, lab, or career plans. This coached peer group model is capable of providing the social support that many URM students do not find at their home universities.
Engaging Undergraduate Biology Students in Scientific Modeling: Analysis of Group Interactions, Sense-Making, and Justification
Authors: Bierema Andrea M.-K. , Schwarz Christina V. , Stoltzfus Jon R.
Published: December 2017

National calls for improving science education (e.g., Vision and Change) emphasize the need to learn disciplinary core ideas through scientific practices. To address this need, we engaged small groups of students in developing diagrammatic models within two (one large-enrollment and one medium-enrollment) undergraduate introductory biology courses. During these activities, students developed scientific models of biological phenomena such as enhanced growth in genetically modified fish. To investigate whether undergraduate students productively engaged in scientific practices during these modeling activities, we recorded groups of students as they developed models and examined three characteristics: how students 1) interacted with one another, 2) made sense of phenomena, and 3) justified their ideas. Our analysis indicates that students spent most of the time on task, developing and evaluating their models. Moreover, they worked cooperatively to make sense of core ideas and justified their ideas to one another throughout the activities. These results demonstrate that, when provided with the opportunity to develop models during class, students in large-enrollment lecture courses can productively engage in scientific practices. We discuss potential reasons for these outcomes and suggest areas of future research to continue advancing knowledge regarding engaging students in scientific practices in large-enrollment lecture courses.
Seismic attribute selection for unsupervised seismic facies analysis using user-guided data-adaptive weights
Authors: Zhao Tao , Li Fangyu , Marfurt Kurt J.
Published: December 2017

With the rapid development in seismic attribute and interpretation techniques, interpreters can be overwhelmed by the number of attributes at their disposal. Pattern recognition-driven seismic facies analysis provides a means to identify subtle variations across multiple attributes that may only be partially defined on a single attribute. Typically, interpreters intuitively choose input attributes for multiattribute facies analysis based on their experience and the geologic target of interest. However, such an approach may overlook unsuspected or subtle features hidden in the data. We therefore augment this qualitative attribute selection process with quantitative measures of candidate attributes that best differentiate features of interest. Instead of selecting a group of attributes and assuming all the selected attributes contribute equally to the facies map, we weight the interpreter-selected input attributes based on their response from the unsupervised learning algorithm and the interpreter’s knowledge. In other words, we expect the weights to represent “which attribute is ‘favored’ by an interpreter as input for unsupervised learning” from an interpretation perspective and “which attribute is ‘favored’ by the learning algorithm” from a data-driven perspective. Therefore, we claim the weights are user guided and data adaptive, as the derivation of weight for each input attribute is embedded into the learning algorithm, providing a specific measurement tailored to the selected learning algorithm, while still taking the interpreter’s knowledge into account. We develop our workflow using Barnett Shale surveys and an unsupervised self-organizing map seismic facies analysis algorithm. We found that the proposed weighting-based attribute selection method better differentiates features of interest than using equally weighted input attributes. Furthermore, the weight values provide insights into dependency among input attributes.
Visualizing Precambrian basement tectonics beneath a carbon capture and storage site, Illinois Basin
Authors: McBride John H. , William Keach R. , Leetaru Hannes E. , Smith Katelynn M.
Published: December 2017

Characterization of Precambrian basement tectonics using 3D reflection seismology is critical for fully constraining the geology of a carbon capture and storage (CCS) site. Our study applied state-of-the-art visualization and attribute analysis to a 3D seismic volume of the basement complex that underlies the Illinois Basin-Decatur Project CCS site. The most successful interpretative techniques used include geobody analysis, [Formula: see text] (east–west, crossline)-directed amplitude change, and corendering (e.g., amplitude with semblance), integrated with gradient analysis. The 3D volume reveals a strong reflector deep within the basement complex that is interpreted to be a mafic sill, disrupted by a coherent pattern of prominent structural discontinuities. The discontinuities, which have a mutually orthogonal northwest–northeast trend, could have formed as part of the intrusion process, as tectonic faults, or a combination of both processes. Our preferred interpretation is that discontinuities are small faults with varying senses of offset. The most prominent of these is a narrow, well-defined northwest-striking crest or flexure in the igneous sill reflector. Injection-induced microseismicity describes a conspicuous pattern of northeast-trending clusters of events, some of which nucleated in the uppermost part of the basement, directly over this crest. This distribution of seismic events is proposed to be controlled, in part, by fracture zones related to the crest and associated discontinuities in the mafic sill. These fractures would be oriented in directions to be critically stressed, resulting in aligned microseismicity following pore pressure increases.
Rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing Sarcoma, and Other Round Cell Sarcomas
Authors: Pappo Alberto S. , Dirksen Uta
Published: December 2017

Several recent advances have been made in the diagnosis and therapy of malignant small round cell tumors that affect children, particularly in rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, and other round cell sarcomas. These advances have provided new insights into the pathologic, histologic, and genomic characterization of specific tumor subtypes, which has led to the identification of novel therapeutic targets and improved stratification of risk. This has, in turn, led to improved efficacy in clinical trials of new drug combinations, thereby increasing the survival of patients with newly diagnosed and refractory or recurrent round cell sarcomas. Here, we review the progress that has been made using genomics to identify novel pathologic genomic rearrangements, as well as therapeutic targets. We also describe how clinical and molecular factors have helped refine risk stratification and therapies that have led to improved clinical outcomes in patients with round cell sarcomas.
Nephron progenitor cell death elicits a limited compensatory response associated with interstitial expansion in the neonatal kidney
Authors: Muthukrishnan Sree Deepthi , Ryzhov Sergey , Karolak Michele , Oxburgh Leif
Published: December 2017

The final nephron number in an adult kidney is regulated by nephron progenitor cell availability and collecting duct branching in the fetal period. Fetal environmental perturbations that cause reductions in cell numbers in these two compartments result in low nephron endowment. Previous work has shown that maternal dietary factors influence nephron progenitor cell availability, with both caloric restriction and protein deprivation leading to reduced cell numbers through apoptosis. In this study, we evaluate the consequences of inducing nephron progenitor cell death on progenitor niche dynamics and on nephron endowment. Depletion of approximately 40% of nephron progenitor cells by expression of diphtheria toxin A at embryonic day 15 in the mouse results in 10-20% nephron reduction in the neonatal period. Analysis of cell numbers within the progenitor cell pool following induction of apoptosis reveals a compensatory response in which surviving progenitor cells increase their proliferation and replenish the niche. The proliferative response is temporally associated with infiltration of macrophages into the nephrogenic zone. Colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF1) has a mitogenic effect on nephron progenitor cells, providing a potential explanation for the compensatory proliferation. However, CSF1 also promotes interstitial cell proliferation, and the compensatory response is associated with interstitial expansion in recovering kidneys which can be pharmacologically inhibited by treatment with clodronate liposomes. Our findings suggest that the fetal kidney employs a macrophage-dependent compensatory regenerative mechanism to respond to acute injury caused by death of nephron progenitor cells, but that this regenerative response is associated with neonatal interstitial expansion.
Modelling glioblastoma tumour-host cell interactions using adult brain organotypic slice co-culture
Authors: Marques-Torrejon Maria Angeles , Gangoso Ester , Pollard Steven M.
Published: December 2017

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive incurable brain cancer. The cells that fuel the growth of tumours resemble neural stem cells found in the developing and adult mammalian forebrain. These are referred to as glioma stem cells (GSCs). Similar to neural stem cells, GSCs exhibit a variety of phenotypic states: dormant, quiescent, proliferative and differentiating. How environmental cues within the brain influence these distinct states is not well understood. Laboratory models of GBM can be generated using either genetically engineered mouse models, or via intracranial transplantation of cultured tumour initiating cells (mouse or human). Unfortunately, these approaches are expensive, time-consuming, low-throughput and ill-suited for monitoring live cell behaviours. Here, we explored whole adult brain coronal organotypic slices as an alternative model. Mouse adult brain slices remain viable in a serum-free basal medium for several weeks. GSCs can be easily microinjected into specific anatomical sites ex vivo, and we demonstrate distinct responses of engrafted GSCs to diverse microenvironments in the brain tissue. Within the subependymal zone – one of the adult neural stem cell niches – injected tumour cells could effectively engraft and respond to endothelial niche signals. Tumour-transplanted slices were treated with the antimitotic drug temozolomide as proof of principle of the utility in modelling responses to existing treatments. Engraftment of mouse or human GSCs onto whole brain coronal organotypic brain slices therefore provides a simplified, yet flexible, experimental model. This will help to increase the precision and throughput of modelling GSC-host brain interactions and complements ongoing in vivo studies.

This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Response to Pitt & Taylor 2016: Conservation ofAspergilluswithA. nigeras the conserved type is unnecessary and potentially disruptive
Authors: Samson Robert A. , Hubka Vit , Varga Janos , Houbraken Jos , Hong Seung-Beom , Klaassen Corné H.W. , Perrone Giancarlo , Seifert Keith A. , Magistá Donato , Visagie Cobus M. , Kocsubé Sandor , Szigeti Geongi , Yaguchi Takashi , Peterson Stephen W. , Frisvad Jens C.
Published: December 2017

Aspergillusis a diverse fungal genus containing many species of great agricultural, biotechnological and medical relevance. Because of the broad use of the genus name in diverse disciplines, and the importance of individual species names in these areas, the taxonomy and nomenclature ofAspergillusshould remain stable. A formal proposal to change the generic type fromA. glaucustoA. nigerwas recently published. Here we present arguments against this proposal. We assert that it should be rejected because it will not ensure nomenclatural stability forAspergillus, and will put the names of several important species, such asA. flavus,A. fumigatusandA. oryzaeat risk of being classified in different genera and being lost.
IDENTIDAD Y VISIBILIDAD. EL BINOMIO IDEAL. RELIME EN LOS ÍNDICES NACIONALES, REGIONALES Y MUNDIALES
Authors: Cantoral Ricardo , Reyes-Gasperini Daniela
Published: December 2017

En este vigésimo aniversario (Volumen 20, Número 3), cerramos con una editorial que se encuentra precedida por una variedad de acontecimientos positivamente relevantes como describimos a continuación. Por un lado, Relime tuvo un sensible incremento del factor de impacto en ISI Web of Science al alcanzar el 0.708 (Cantoral y Reyes – Gasperini, 2017). La invitación a Relime para participar en las actividades académicas del Congreso Nacional de Investigación Educativa en San Luis Potosí, México (COMIE – 2017). El rol de Relime como revista líderen la reunión de editores de El Colegio Mexiquense en Zinacantepec, Estado de México, México (Red de Editores – 2017). Las más recientes clasificaciones regionales que ubican a Relime al alza y para concluir con la reciente actualización del Índice Mexicano de Revistas – Conacyt, la cual nos ubica en el cuartil Q3, tanto en ISI WoS como en Scopus. En todos estos casos, gracias a la presencia de la Relime en los índices, se dan muestras claras de visibilidad y, sobre todo, debemos enfatizar que se logra sin perder el rasgo de identidad que le caracteriza (Cantoral, 2009).
Haematology and gonad histology of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) fed Carica papaya seed meal
Authors: Okomoda Victor Tosin
Published: December 2017

This research investigated the effect of Pawpaw (Carica papaya) seed meal (PSM) on haematological parameters and gonad histology of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758). Freshly hatched fry of O. niloticus were fed blended commercial diet (35%CP) mixed with varying levels of PSM (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8gkg-1) for 28days in fifteen aquarium tanks (30Ã—30Ã—20cm3). Resultant fingerlings were maintained in outdoor concrete tanks (1Ã—1Ã—1m3) for 140days till they gained an average weight of 30g. Haematological analysis and gonad histology was done to determent the effect of the PSM on the fish. Haematological changes observed in this study did not revealed detrimental effect of feeding of PSM. However, histological evaluation of the gonads showed various degrees of deformities and tends to increase in severity as the levels of PMS increased. It was concluded that PSM might not affect the health status of the Nile tilapia but lead to sterility of the fish.
Constructing Economic and Civic Values through Public Policy Debate: The Case of the National Housing Act of 1934
Authors: Conners Pamela
Published: December 2017

This article situates the entrenchment of an American commitment to home ownership at a critical moment in U.S. history—the passage of the National Housing Act of 1934 (NHA). An examination of the introduction, deliberation, and promotion of the legislation reveals how policymakers concretized the value and civic import of residential property. The analysis shows how policymakers, housing advocates, and NHA skeptics collectively framed borrowing for home ownership to be a progressive, secure, and patriotic investment. The NHA discourse illustrates the power of policy rhetoric to define American experiences and prescribe American values.
Basement Classification through Enhanced Magnetic Data Reductions in parts of Ekiti State, Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Akingboye Adedibu , Ogunyele Abimbola
Published: December 2017

Enhanced magnetic data reductions via the use of various forms of filters were employed for basement classification in parts of Ekiti State. The data reductions and enhancement involve: reduction to equator (RTE), regional and residual, automatic gain control (AGC), downward continuation, upward continuations (1, 2, and 3 km), analytic signal (AS) and horizontal gradient (HG) to map and delineate basement rocks and structures, while surface relief and spectral plot were used to determine depth to top of magnetic sources. The images revealed that the study area is characterized by different lithologies. The rocks evinced lineaments and faults trending NE-SW (Gâ€“Gâ€™, Hâ€“Hâ€™, Jâ€“Jâ€™, Kâ€“Kâ€™), NNE-SSW, E-W (minor) and approximately N-S, while the dykes are in NW-SE, NNW-SSW directions. The analytic signal (AS) and horizontal gradient (HG) revealed high amplitude reversed Z-like shape as migmatite rocks, differentiating them from the two flanks with low amplitude signals as schist and quartzite schist of Ijero and Aramoko and the granitic intrusive within these migmatised rocks around Ijan, Gbonyin and Ise/Otun. The shaded relief and the spectral plot showed that the total depth to top of magnetic sources ranged from 20m to 1.8km for shallower and deeper sources respectively.
Investigation of thermophysical properties of alates (swarmers) termite wing as potential raw material for insulation
Authors: Etuk Sunday , Agbasi Okechukwu , Abdulrazzaq Zaidoon , Robert Ubong
Published: December 2017

Thermo physical properties of Alates (Swarmers) termite wing has been investigated. The result of our investigation shows the values of thermo physical parameters of the sample materials as 0.0403Wm-1K-1 being the mean thermal conductivity value, bulk density of 188. 8kgm-3 and thermal diffusively value being 8.2485 x 10-8m2s-1. The values are within the values for commonly used insulating materials. Comparing the rate of cooling as well as heat absorption into the material as lagging material with the performance of fiberglass and cork, Alate's wing is adjudged to be a potential insulating raw material.
Finite Element Modeling of the Flexural Mechanical Response of Polymer-Coated Bioactive Glass Scaffolds Composed of Thermally-Bonded Unidirectional Fibers
Authors: Xiao Wei , Zaeem Mohsen Asle , Day Delbert E. , Rahaman Mohamed N.
Published: December 2017

Bioactive glasses have attractive characteristics as a scaffold material for healing bone defects but their brittle mechanical response, particularly in bending, is a concern. Recent studies have shown that coating the external surface of strong porous bioactive glass (13-93) scaffolds with an adherent biodegradable polymer layer can significantly improve their load-bearing capacity andwork of fracture, resulting in a non-brittle mechanical response. In the present study, finite element modeling (FEM) was used to analyze the mechanical response in four-point bending of composites composed of a porous glass scaffold and an adherent polymer surface layer. The glass scaffold with a cylindrical geometry (diameter = 4.2 mm; porosity = 20%) was composed of randomly arranged unidirectional fibers (diameter 200-700 μm) thatwere bonded at their contact points. The thickness of the polymer layer was 500 μm. By analyzing the stresses in the individual glass fibers, the simulations can account for the main trends in the observed mechanical response of practical composites with a similar architecture composed of a bioactive glass (13-93) scaffold and an adherent polylactic acid surface layer. These FEM simulations could play a useful role in designing bioactive glass composites with improved mechanical properties.
Inhibition effect of underpotential deposition of metallic cations on aqueous corrosion of metals
Authors: Seo Masahiro
Published: December 2017

The experimental results reported so far for the inhibition effect of underpotential deposition (UPD) of metallic cations on aqueous corrosion of metals are criticized and discussed based on the prerequisite for UPD. The inhibition effect of Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+ or Mn2+ on hydrogen evolution or hydrogen absorption on Armco iron or various steels is classified into three potential regions: bulk deposition, UPD and adsorption of metallic cations without discharging. Moreover, the inhibition effect of Pb2+, Tl+ or Sn2+ on anodic dissolution of pure Fe, Ni or Ni-base alloys in acidic solutions is ascribed to the UPD of these metallic cations. Particularly, in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) for Pb-UPD on Ni has indicated that the electro-deposited Pb species on the Ni surface is metallic to form partly surface alloy and the metallic Pb blocks the active dissolution sites of Ni to inhibit the anodic dissolution. In contrast, in situ XAS for Sn-UPD on Ni has indicated that the electro-deposited Sn species is not only bonded with Ni atoms but also bonded with oxygen atoms and that the anodic dissolution of Ni is inhibited by the oxygenated Sn species on Ni.
Libeskind and the Holocaust Metanarrative; from Discourse to Architecture
Authors: Tsiftsi Xanthi
Published: December 2017

The Holocaust today resides between memory and postmemory. Initially, children of survivors and their contemporaries inherited a mediated past and bore full responsibility for disseminating their ancestors’ experiences. However, with the prevalence of the Holocaust metanarrative and its absolutist historicism, it was realised that when memory needs to cross generational boundaries, it needs to cross medial as well. The discourse was not enough; there was a need for broadening the narrative beyond the verbal using a powerful medium with the capacity to affect cognition and provoke emotions. This would be architecture, a storyteller by nature. In the 2000s, there was a noticeable boom in innovative Holocaust museums and memorials. Deconstructivist designs and symbolic forms constituted a new language that would meet the demands of local narratives, influence public opinion, and contribute to social change. This paper examines the potential of this transmediation and addresses critical issues-the importance of the experience, the role of empathy and intersubjectivity, the association of emotions with personal and symbolic experiences-and ethical challenges of the transmedia “migration” of a story. To accomplish this, it draws upon Daniel Libeskind, a Polish-born architect who has narrated different aspects of the Holocaust experience through his works.
Der olfaktorische Symbolismus im deutschen Russlandbild des 19. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Medyakov Alexander
Published: December 2017

Der Beitrag untersucht die symbolische Bedeutung des Olfaktorischen für nationale Bilder und Stereotype am Beispiel des Geruches von russischem Leder (Juchten oder Juften), der in Deutschland während des 19. Jahrhunderts eine wichtige Rolle für das Russlandbild erlangte. Juchten hatte einen sehr intensiven und eigenartigen Geruch, der eindeutig als russisch identifiziert wurde. Das implizite symbolische Potential des Juchtengeruchs wurde im 19. Jahrhundert voll ausgeschöpft. Die Enttäuschung der liberalen und nationalen Kreise über die politische Entwicklung nach 1815 führte zu einer starken Aversion gegen alles Russische. Der Juchtengeruch wurde zum polysemantischen Symbol mit sehr negativen Konnotationen, die noch verstärkt wurden durch seine Verbindung mit anderen Negativstereotypen wie dem Kosaken, der Knute, den Stiefeln usw. Der Juchtengeruch wurde als der charakteristische Geruch der Unterdrückung und des Despotismus instrumentalisiert, um die politische Situation in Deutschland und besonders in Preußen zu kritisieren. Nach der Reichsgründung von 1871 begann der Juchtengeruch unter den veränderten politischen Verhältnissen seine Komplexität als symbolträchtige Metapher zu verlieren. Die deutsche Öffentlichkeit benötigte die politischen Bezüge des Juchten-Symbols nicht mehr. Um die Jahrhundertwende wurde der Juchtengeruch lediglich als Ausdruck der volkstümlichen Essenz der Russen empfunden. In der Folgezeit löste sich die symbolische Bedeutung weiter auf, so dass Juchten nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg nur noch mit einem Parfüm assoziiert wurde.
An overview of Francoprovençal vitality in Europe and North America
Authors: Zulato Alessia , Kasstan Jonathan , Nagy Naomi
Published: December 2017

We review the current status of Francoprovençal (FP) in all regions where it is spoken. This article is the first of its kind, in that it reports on FP in both Europe and North America (for the latter this is the first demographic report). Figures cited for speaker numbers are therefore speculative. For each region, we present an overview of the linguistic history, current glottopolitical status of FP and demographic information. We describe each variety’s vitality, using Brenzinger et al.’s (2003,Language vitality and endangerment. Paris: UNESCO Expert Meeting on Safeguarding Endangered Languages) UNESCO scale.
How the Equity Terminal Value Influences the Value of the Firm?
Authors: Rojo-Ramírez Alfonso A. , Martínez-Romero Maria J. , Mariño-Garrido Teresa
Published: December 2017

The discounted cash flow model (DCFM) views the intrinsic value of common stock as the present value of its expected future cash flows. This paper analyses whether the equity terminal value (EqTV) of the firm calculated by fundamentals is appreciated by the market. It also studies the impact of variations in EqTV and the extent to which the market perceives these variations. Using a sample of 62 Spanish listed companies, this paper shows that EqTV and its variations are positively and significantly correlated with EqTV assigned by the market and its corresponding variations. It therefore corroborates the validity and relevance of the valuation model.
Quintilian and the progymnasmata to develop writing ability and gather communication rules
Authors: Berardi Francesco
Published: December 2017

In the educational project of Quintilian, the teacher aims at not only linguistic but also moral training of young people. The
“Depraved subjects and the maliciousness of objects,” i.e. quirky objects
Authors: Panagl Oswald , Fykias Ioannis
Published: December 2017

The authors deal with a range of phenomena characterized by anomalies with respect to the mismatch between the surface realization of nominal phrases on the morphosyntactic level, i.e. the selection of cases, and their grammatical function. In connection with the subject function, traditional scholars generally regarded this kind of non-canonical relation between sentence structure and semantic interpretation as a categorial deviation and treated it under the cover terms grammatical versus logical subject. The eye-catching title of this paper makes allusions to rather dangerous, odd and sinister characters and topics in real life. On the one hand, therefore it should express the “irrational” use of well-established terms and categories. On the other hand, it may point at our attempt to group together and “telescope” different and mostly separate constructions such as
La comunión fática como práctica local: la anticortesía y la cortesía positiva en el contexto mexicano / Phatic communion as local practice: anti-politeness and positive politeness in the Mexican context
Authors: Mugford Fowler Gerrard , Lomelí Vargas Sergio , Vázquez Robles Estefanía
Published: December 2017

Los enfoques tradicionales en el estudio de la comunión fática han examinado el concepto en términos de la función social (Malinowski, [1923] 1984), la función del lenguaje (Jakobson, [1960] 1999) así como su ocurrencia en las etapas iniciales y de cierre de una interacción (Laver, 1981). Intentos por clasificar la comunión fática en términos universalistas predeterminados (Svennevig, 1999) corrieron el riesgo de alejarse del concepto de entendimientos cotidianos donde interactuantes emplean el uso del lenguaje dinámico para lograr los objetivos de comunicación específicos en contextos particulares. Los enfoques contemporáneos tratan de redefinir la comunión fática en términos interpersonales. La investigación sobre el uso del lenguaje fático en América Latina ha sido muy limitada, con contadas excepciones (por ejemplo, Placencia, 2004, 2005; Stenström y Jörgensen, 2008). Con la finalidad de investigar el tema en el contexto mexicano, donde todavía se considera en términos convencionales, examinamos un corpus formado por 92 instancias de comunión fática, recabadas en Guadalajara, México. Sostenemos que en el corpus antes aludido se emplea la comunión fática a fin de expresar y destacar la cortesía positiva (Curco, 1998, 2007, 2011) en maneras poco convencionales, dado que el término tiene un alcance muy amplio en el que abarca: la anticortesía, el uso del lenguaje creativo, los juegos lingüísticos, la ironía, y los anglicismos.
Huellas de lo políticamente correcto en libros de texto argentinos: la “modalización autonímica” / Traces of the politically correct in Argentinian textbooks: the “autonimic modalization”
Authors: Tosi Carolina
Published: December 2017

La dimensión ideológica de los libros de textos se evidencia en diferentes niveles y a través del despliegue de diversos mecanismos discursivos. Atento a ello, el objetivo del presente trabajo consiste en demostrar que ciertas representaciones sociales y actitudes políticamente correctas (Courtine, 2006) se vehiculizan en la materialidad discursiva de los libros escolares. En este sentido, planteamos que los gestos políticamente correctos no se configuran solo a través de las temáticas y las palabras, presentes o silenciadas, sino además mediante estrategias polifónico-argumentativas. Entre ellas, ponemos el foco en las formas de “modalización autonímica” (Authier-Revuz, 1995) y las caracterizamos como modos de posicionamiento ideológico, en general, y como huellas de una postura políticamente correcta, en particular. Desde un conjunto de autores franceses (Pêcheux, 1975, 1982, 1983; Courtine, 1982, 2006; Authier-Revuz, 1984, 1995; Amossy, 1999), abordamos un corpus de libros de texto de ciencias sociales de nivel secundario, editados en la Argentina entre 1983 y 2005. Por un lado, mostramos que una de las funciones dadas a la “modalización autonímica” reside en la exhibición por parte del locutor-autor de un desacuerdo ante una determinada terminología disciplinar. Por otro lado, corroboramos que tal desacuerdo ideológico suele evidenciar una actitud políticamente correcta, que no necesariamente es acompañada por una transformación en las representaciones. De este modo, en el devenir discursivo se mantienen los estereotipos y los imaginarios sociales que el uso de la “modalización autonímica” pretendería desestimar.
Saphir-Faser-Bragg-Gitter
für die Hochtemperatursensorik
Authors: Elsmann Tino , Habisreuther Tobias , Rothhardt Manfred , Schmidt Markus
Published: December 2017

Saphir-Faser-Bragg-Gitter (SFBG) sind neuartige Temperatursensoren,
die mittels fs-Laserpulsen in einkristallinen Saphirfasern erzeugt
werden, wobei durch Wellenlängenmultiplexen mehrere Gitter in eine
Faser geschrieben werden können. SFBG wurden von Raumtemperatur
(RT) bis zu 1900 ℃ getestet. Die
Temperaturabhängigkeit ist parabolisch und steigt von
ca. 23 p.m./K bei RT auf 35 p.m./K bei
1500 ℃. Durch eine angepasste Auswertung des
Reflexionsspektrums wird eine Faser-Bragg-Wellenlänge bestimmt,
wobei relative Temperaturänderungen von ± 1 K nachgewiesen
werden können. SFBG werden durch elektromagnetische Felder nicht
beeinflusst. Sie können sowohl in oxidierender als auch in
reduzierender Atmosphäre eingesetzt werden. Allerdings müssen
Saphirfasern durch Schutzrohre gegen Kontamination geschützt
werden. Sowohl der kurzzeitige Einsatz bei 1900 ℃
als auch ein Einsatz über vier Wochen bei 1400 ℃
führte zu keiner nachweisbaren Drift oder Alterung der SFBG. SFBG
sind eine mögliche Alternative zu Thermoelementen oder
Pyrometern.
Auswirkungen der Flüchtlingssituation auf den Tourismus
Authors: Thiesing Ernst-Otto , Henkel Meike , Schmitt Marieke
Published: December 2017

Die vorliegende Untersuchung analysiert die Auswirkungen der Flüchtlingssituation auf den Tourismus in Niedersachsen. Mit der Betrachtung der möglichen Konsequenzen des Flüchtlingszustroms auf den Tourismus wird eine bisher in der Wissenschaft kaum erforschte Komponente des Flüchtlingszuzugs untersucht. Mithilfe einer Meinungsumfrage bei Akteuren auf den verschiedenen Ebenen des Tourismus gelingt eine umfassende Betrachtung der Chancen und Risiken der Flüchtlingssituation in Bezug auf Beschäftigungsmöglichkeiten, Destinationsimage und Haushaltslagen in touristisch geprägten Kommunen. Als Ergebnis können Chancen für den Arbeitsmarkt sowie die Handlungsfähigkeit der Kommunen eingeschätzt werden. Mit diesem Beitrag gelingt somit ein erster Schritt, die komplexen Auswirkungen des Flüchtlingszuzugs auf die Tourismuswirtschaft zu erforschen.
Entwicklung eines Modells zur Messung der Erlebnisqualität einer Urlaubsreise
Authors: Schnorbus Linda
Published: December 2017

Die Erlebnisorientierung der Kunden stellt auch die Tourismusbranche vor neue Herausforderungen. Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der Bedeutung von Erlebnisqualität für eine Urlaubsreise und beantwortet die Forschungsfragen, wodurch sich Erlebnisqualität messen lässt und durch welche Kontaktpunkte und Dimensionen sie beeinflusst wird. Hierfür wird ein Modell zur Messung von Erlebnisqualität theoriegeleitet entwickelt und empirisch am Beispiel einer durch einen Reiseveranstalter organisierten Badepauschalreise angewendet. Die Analyse des Modells zeigt, dass kognitiv- und emotionalorientierte als auch rückwärts und vorwärts gerichtete Zielgrößen zur Messung der Wirkung von Erlebnisqualität ähnliche Ergebnisse hervorbringen. Der Einfluss der Kontaktpunkte einer Reise auf Erlebnisqualität weist dagegen große Unterschiede auf. So entscheidet der Hotelaufenthalt maßgeblich die Erlebniswahrnehmung, wohingegen der Flug keinen signifikanten Einfluss hat. Auch die Relevanz der Dimensionen unterscheidet sich je Kontaktpunkt – während die Prozessexzellenz beispielsweise auf der Hinreise entscheidend ist, zählt im Hotel vielmehr die emotionale Ansprache. Die Untersuchungsergebnisse ermöglichen es, Implikationen für die Optimierung der Gestaltung des Urlaubserlebnisses zu erarbeiten.
Änderungen der Pauschalreiserichtlinie im Verlauf des Rechtssetzungsverfahrens und deren Auswirkungen auf die deutsche Reiseindustrie
Authors: Ehlen Tobias , Vogler Ralf
Published: December 2017

Die Neufassung der Pauschalreiserichtlinie hat in den EU-Mitgliedstaaten für viel Aufsehen gesorgt. Der Artikel zeigt die wesentlichen inhaltlichen Änderungen im Verlauf des Gesetzgebungsverfahrens auf und stellt die aus deutscher Sicht wesentlichen Neuerungen und Auswirkungen für die Beteiligten dar. Im Ergebnis zeigt sich dabei, dass sich die inhaltlichen Änderungen in Grenzen halten, jedoch künftig mit einem administrativen Mehraufwand zu rechnen ist.
Direkter und indirekter Genitiv im Älteren Ägyptisch nach dem Zeugnis der Sargtexte
Authors: Peust Carsten
Published: December 2017

Based on the Coffin Text corpus, the use of the two genitive constructions (direct vs. indirect) of Earlier Egyptian is investigated. It is argued that there is no functional difference whatsoever between them, but rather that the lexeme employed in the first position is the decisive factor. Two classes of nouns are identified, one of them usually selecting the direct genitive and the other the indirect genitive. Irrespectively of these classes, the indirect genitive is always required when the nomen regens is complex. On the other hand, the complexity of the nomen rectum does not influence the choice of the genitive construction. Contrary to these rules, the indirect genitive is sometimes preferred in order to prevent ambiguity that might otherwise have occurred.
Die Studien zur Konfirmandenarbeit: Aus der Perspektive der Jugendarbeitsforschung und -theorie
Authors: Riekmann Wibke
Published: December 2017

Konfirmandenarbeit wird als Ort der non-formalen Bildung in der allgemeinen Jugendforschung nur wenig zur Kenntnis genommen. Dabei beansprucht die Konfirmandenarbeit, ein innovativer Bildungsort zu sein und Jugendliche zu einem zivilgesellschaftlichen Engagement zu führen. Dieser Anspruch wird aus Sicht der Jugendarbeitstheorie und -forschung anhand der empirischen Studien zur Konfirmandenarbeit kritisch überprüft. Es wird gezeigt, dass Konfirmandenarbeit sehr wohl das Potenzial hat, für Jugendliche ein non-formaler Bildungsort zu sein, Voraussetzung ist allerdings, dass sie zukünftig stärker an den Interessen und Bedürfnissen der Jugendlichen ansetzt, ihre partizipativen Anteile ausbaut und kritisch mit den eigenen Reproduktionsmechanismen von sozialer Ungleichheit umgeht.
Konfirmationsarbeit und die Zukunft der Kirche – Historische Entwicklungen, empirische Einsichten und theologische Überlegungen zu einem reziproken Verhältnis
Authors: Schlag Thomas
Published: December 2017

Angesichts weitreichender Transformationsprozesse individueller und institutioneller Religion im mitteleuropäischen Kontext stellt sich die Frage, wie das Verhältnis von Konfirmationsarbeit und Kirche theologisch und pädagogisch verantwortet bestimmt werden kann. Dafür wird hier der Vorschlag gemacht, anhand der vierfachen Fassung des kirchlichen Auftrags als martyria,
leiturgia,
diakonia und koinonia zu einer dezidiert theologischen Bestimmung der Reziprozität von Konfirmationsarbeit und Kirche zu gelangen.
Cortical Neuroprosthesis Merges Visible and Invisible Light Without Impairing Native Sensory Function
Authors: Thomson Eric E. , Zea Ivan , Windham William , Thenaisie Yohann , Walker Cameron , Pedowitz Jason , França Wendy , Graneiro Ana L. , Nicolelis Miguel A.L.
Published: December 2017

Adult rats equipped with a sensory prosthesis, which transduced infrared (IR) signals into electrical signals delivered to somatosensory cortex (S1), took approximately 4 d to learn a four-choice IR discrimination task. Here, we show that when such IR signals are projected to the primary visual cortex (V1), rats that are pretrained in a visual-discrimination task typically learn the same IR discrimination task on their first day of training. However, without prior training on a visual discrimination task, the learning rates for S1- and V1-implanted animals converged, suggesting there is no intrinsic difference in learning rate between the two areas. We also discovered that animals were able to integrate IR information into the ongoing visual processing stream in V1, performing a visual-IR integration task in which they had to combine IR and visual information. Furthermore, when the IR prosthesis was implanted in S1, rats showed no impairment in their ability to use their whiskers to perform a tactile discrimination task. Instead, in some rats, this ability was actually enhanced. Cumulatively, these findings suggest that cortical sensory neuroprostheses can rapidly augment the representational scope of primary sensory areas, integrating novel sources of information into ongoing processing while incurring minimal loss of native function.
Meteorological variables and morphological characteristics influencing the evapotranspiration of forage cactus
Authors: Barbosa Marcela Lúcia , Silva Thieres George Freire da , Zolnier Sérgio , Silva Sérvulo Mercier Siqueira e , Araújo Junior George do Nascimento , Jardim Alexandre Maniçoba da Rosa Ferraz
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT Despite belonging to the same photosynthetic group (CAM - Crassulacean Acid Metabolism), evapotranspiration of distinct species of forage cactus may respond differently to meteorological variables and depends on its growth dynamics. The objective of this work was to analyze the contribution of meteorological variables and morphological characteristics of cladodes and the plants on the evapotranspiration of forage cactus species of the genus Nopalea and Opuntia. The experiment was conducted in Serra Talhada, State of Pernambuco, where the species ‘IPA Sertânia’ (Nopalea sp.), ‘Miúda’ (Nopalea sp.) and ‘Orelha de Elefante Mexicana’ (Opuntia sp.) were submitted to different irrigation depths (2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 mm) and intervals (7, 14 and 28 days). Actual evapotranspiration and biometric data of forage cactus species and meteorological variables were obtained between March 2012 and August 2013. Pearson correlation matrix and canonical and path analysis were applied to the data. It was verified that the global solar radiation stood out as the variable that most influenced the reduction of the actual evapotranspiration (ET) of the three species, and the wind velocity as the one that affected the response of ET to the atmospheric demand variation (ET/ETo) of the species ‘Orelha de Elefante Mexicana’ and ‘IPA Sertânia’. The increase in the cladode area index implied in the reduction of ET of the latter two species, while the effects of the number of 1st and 2nd order cladodes were the most important for the ‘Miúda'. Hence, forage cactus evapotranspiration depends on the seasonality of the meteorological conditions and the morphological characteristics of its species.
Resposta de cultivares de batata a níveis crescentes de NPK
Authors: Silva Giovani Olegario da , Pereira Arione da Silva , Bail Francine Elena , Ponijaleki Rubens , Carvalho Agnaldo Donizete Ferreira de
Published: December 2017

RESUMO A cultura da batata apresenta capacidade de resposta à adubação mais elevada que a de outras culturas. No entanto o uso exagerado de fertilizantes pode resultar no aumento do custo de produção e promover o desequilíbrio nutricional da planta, além da contaminação do ambiente. Desta forma, objetivou-se avaliar a resposta de cultivares de batata melhorados e introduzidos à aplicação de doses crescentes de NPK quanto à produtividade, ao peso específico e à coloração de fritura. O experimento foi realizado em Latossolo Vermelho Distrófico, em Canoinhas, SC, na primavera de 2014. Os tratamentos constaram de quatro doses de fertilizante NPK 04-14-08: 0, 3, 6 e 9 t ha-1 aplicadas no plantio. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, em arranjo de parcelas subdivididas, com três repetições, sendo as parcelas constituídas pelos cultivares e as subparcelas pelas doses de NPK. Após 120 dias do plantio, as variáveis foram avaliadas e analisadas estatisticamente (ANOVA e regressão polinomial). As doses crescentes de adubo NPK resultaram no aumento do número e do tamanho dos tubérculos, porém sem alteração do peso específico. Houve melhoria da coloração de fritura para todas cultivares, exceto para BRS Ana, com coloração mais clara. Os cultivares melhorados para as condições locais, BRS Ana e BRS F63 Camila, foram mais produtivos do que os cultivares introduzidos, Agata e Asterix, tanto com doses de adubo maiores, quanto menores, tendo sido o cultivar BRS F63 Camila o mais responsivo ao aumento da adubação. Dependendo do cultivar, a máxima viabilidade técnica estimada atingiu o valor máximo testado de 9,00 t ha-1 de NPK na formulação 04-14-08, como no caso de BRS F63 Camila, porém a máxima viabilidade econômica variou de 5,77 a 9,00 t ha-1.