bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La filosofía de la educación como filosofía práctica
Authors: Ballesteros Juan Carlos Pablo
Published: June 2018

Para delimitar la formalidad propia de la Filosofía de la Educación es necesario precisar si ésta es filosofía teórica o filosofía práctica, si incluye en su argumentación conceptos metafísicos, antropológicos y éticos o si se subordina a ellos sin incluirlos.La Filosofía de la Educación como saber práctico se subordina a la Ética. Esta es filosofía práctica porque trata sobre operables con el fin de conocerlos y no de actuar. Es directiva del obrar humano solamente en lo que se refiere a los principios generales, no a la dirección del obrar concreto. Las estimaciones morales primeras no son conclusiones de tesis metafísicas, aunque sea necesario algún conocimiento de éstas para que sea efectiva la evidencia de aquéllas. Tampoco se derivan las proposiciones prácticas de proposiciones teóricas, por lo que no hay "paso indebido" como pretendía la "ley de Hume".El fin de la filosofía práctica es el conocimiento del deber ser de los actos humanos. En el caso de la Filosofía de la Educación, el conocimiento está formalmente dirigido al proceso o actividad que permite perfeccionar al hombre a través de sus actos, sus hábitos y su modo de vida, y al fin o producto de esa actividad que le permite encaminarse hacia su fin último.Lo que afirmamos sobre la educación y su fin universal exige comprender qué son los diversos fines y cómo se relacionan unos con otros, lo que requiere conocimientos propios de la filosofía teórica, presupuestos por la Filosofía de Educación, que busca el fundamento de los juicios prescriptivos, indagando por qué se debe hacer lo que recomiendan las normas que se proponen para dar sentido al proceso educativo.
La técnica del discurso en la paideia sofística
Authors: Núñez Raúl A.
Published: June 2018

En qué consiste la excelencia del hombre y cómo se la logra es el tema de los sofistas. En cuanto a lo primero, la excelencia se mide por el éxito en la actuación pública, en el ámbito de la Polis. En cuanto a lo segundo, en el conocimiento y hábil manejo de las técnicas del discurso. Excelente será pues el hombre que en las conversaciones privadas, en la actuación en el foro o en las asambleas sea capaz de persuadir, y con ello, de hacerse valer. El peligro uso de las técnicas del discurso persuasivo a fin de lograr sus propósitos consiste en quererlo hacer a cualquier costo. La reacción de Sócrates será explicable en tanto se tenga en cuenta su preocupación para subordinar la técnica del discurso a la ética, es decir, a la finalidad última de la palabra sin lo cual la excelencia del hombre poseedor del logos es puramente aparente.
Lingüística racionalista: Descartes y Chomsky
Authors: Prósperi Roxana
Published: June 2018

En el presente artículo se realiza un análisis de ciertos aspectos del pensamiento cartesiano que están implícitos en la Quinta Parte del Discurso del Método, los que serán tomados en cuenta para acceder al alcance que tienen algunos supuestos filosóficos de la teoría lingüística de N. Chomsky.Para ésto, se desarrollan los siguientes aspectos: breve reseña de la filosofía cartesiana; resumen de la Quinta Parte del Discurso del Método; especificación de la concepción "racionalista" de la lingüística de Chomsky; determinación del valor sistemático que posee su apelación al racionalismo filosófico.
El impacto social de la comunicación en las epidemias: perspectivas bioéticas y de salud pública
Authors: Duro Eduardo Alfredo , Sotomayor María Angélica , Czubaj Fabiola , Cardozo de Martínez Carmen Alicia , Gubert Ida Cristina , López Dávila Luis M. , Benites Estupiñan Elizabeth María , Torres Fernando Adrián , Vergès de López Claude , Cudeiro Patricia , Rueda Castro Laura , Sorokin Patricia
Published: June 2018

La comunicación en salud pública y, en especial en un escenario de crisis, como una epidemia, está atravesada por conflictos éticos, desde los valores hasta la deontología. En un mundo intercomunicado, la contención social ante brotes y epidemias adquiere una dimensión global y la protección del Estado es clave. Esto también debería reflejarse en estrategias de comunicación oportunas, urgentes y eficaces desde la perspectiva de la salud pública y en los esfuerzos para evitar información falsa o sesgada, cualquiera que sea su fuente. Se describen escenarios de desconexión y obstáculos en la comunicación de masas referentes a las amenazas de salud pública.
Joint Replenishment Problem in Drug Inventory Management of Pharmacies under Stochastic Demand
Authors: Mubiru Kizito Paul
Published: June 2018

In today’s fast-paced and competitive market place, organizations need every edge available to them to ensure success in planning and managing inventory of items with demand uncertainty. In such an effort, cost effective methods in determining optimal replenishment policies are paramount. In this paper, a mathematical model is proposed that optimize inventory replenishment policies of a periodic review inventory system under stochastic demand; with particular focus on malaria drugs in Ugandan pharmacies. Adopting a Markov decision process approach, the states of a Markov chain represent possible states of demand for drugs that treat malaria. Using weekly equal intervals, the decisions of whether or not to replenish additional units of drugs were made using discrete time Markov chains and dynamic programming over a finite period planning horizon. Empirical data was collected from two pharmacies in Uganda. The customer transactions of drugs were taken on a weekly basis; where data collected was analyzed and tested to establish the optimal replenishment policy and inventory costs of drugs. Results from the study indicated the existence of an optimal state-dependent replenishment policy and inventory costs of drugs at the respective pharmacies.
INDUSTRY 4.0: glitter or gold? A systematic review
Authors: Pereira Gustavo Bernardi , Santos Adriana de Paula Lacerda , Cleto Marcelo Gechele
Published: June 2018

Publications on the fourth industrial revolution have skyrocketed since its establishment in 2011, both in academic and non-academic channels. Even though their measurable results have been published in non-academic material, especially among industry and business reports, within the academia it is still unclear how they are shown. This study aims to review and analyse the presence of industrial results within the academic context in a systematic manner by using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology. The findings indicate an increase trend of this type of publication within the academia and further directions are suggested.
BETWEEN HERE-AND-NOW AND HEREAFTER: MINDFULNESS SEBAGAI PENGAWAL ORIENTASI TERHADAP KEHIDUPAN DAN KETAKUTAN TERHADAP KEMATIAN
Authors: Yusainy Cleoputri , Ilhamuddin Ilhamuddin , Ramli Amir Hasan , Semedi Bima Pusaka , Anggono Calvin Octavianus , Mahmudah Maria Ulfatul , Ramadhan Alfi Rizki
Published: June 2018

Death as an existential problem has given birth to two large spectra: fear of death or accepting it as an inevitable truth. This study aimed to examine the extent to which an individual's fear of death could be predicted by anticipation of the future (life orientation) and tendency of being here-and-now (trait mindfulness). Self-reported questionnaires of life orientation in optimism-pessimism continuum, trait mindfulness, and fear of death were presented through cloud-based online survey (N = 218 students, 73.585% females, average age 20.840 years, SD = 1.777). Hierarchical regressions analyses revealed that (i) optimistic orientation predicted a higher level of fear of death, (ii) trait mindfulness accounted for significant variance in fear of death after accounting for life orientation, and (iii) trait mindfulness did not moderate the link between life orientation and fear of death. The role of trait mindfulness was consistent in predicting lower levels of fear of death and dying of self as well as death of others, but not of dying of others. Additionally, women reported a higher level of fear of death, independent of life orientation and trait mindfulness. These individual differences should be taken into consideration when designing strategies to manage fear of death.
GAMBARAN PENGASUHAN IBU DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN PERILAKU ADAPTIF SISWA TUNAGRAHITA
Authors: Rishanty Rani , Pandia Weny Savitry S.
Published: June 2018

The purpose of this study is to describe mother’s parenting in developing adaptive ability on children with moderate to severe mental retardation. This research was a qualitative research. The subjects were three mothers who have children with moderate to severe mental retardation at SDLB X Jakarta. The subjects were selected using purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using interview and observation. The observation data was only used to support the suitability of interview data. The results showed that three participants had less positive parenting in developing students' adaptive abilities. This was shown from the acceptance and demandingness of the mother to each child. Three participants taught with verbal and provide direct assistance to student. This situation happens when students was unable to perform daily activities. The subjects also had no specific rules and consequences to support students' adaptive skills. Several factors that influence those condition were unappropriate expectation of mothers with their children and limited knowledge about characteristic of children with mental retardation. Thus, some areas of students' adaptive ability didn’t grow optimally.
Hansa-Georga Gadamera i Thrasybulosa Georgiadesa ujęcia przekładu
Authors: Orman Edyta
Published: June 2018

The basis for this research form spontaneous use of the word “translation” sensu largo in informal language and dual dictionary meaning of this word, i.e. “translation” sensu stricto and “expressing”. Article focuses on comparison of translation term usage in philosophical writings by Hans-Georg Gadamer and in musicological writings by Thrasybulos Georgiades. Considering translation in the meaning of “expression” and, at the same time, agreeing that music is a speech of tones, one can accept general connection between script and speech described by the German hermeneutist, as a foundation of detailed relation between musical notation and resounding described by Greek music historian. Interpretation emerges as common for expression and translation, but nonetheless it demonstrates itself differently in case of language and music. Specificity of the art of sounds as compared with the art of words is constituted by the difference between words’ meaning and musical structure. In the end, transcription and transposition inherent to art of sounds and completing Georgiades’s term translation can be regarded as musical translations.
Między dźwiękiem, słowem i obrazem: o przestrzenności w muzyce
Authors: Płaczek Katarzyna
Published: June 2018

The aim of this paper is to analyse the role of space in the imagination of music listeners. It includes general observations on the place and the importance of the problem of space in musical studies and it explores the peculiarity of some aspects of the music reception. Furthermore, it focuses on the relationship between literature and 19th century programme music in order to point different techniques used by composers to produce spatial associations in listeners’ imagination.
Zapis aleatoryzmu kontrolowanego jako instrukcja działania dla wykonawców na wybranych przykładach kompozycji Witolda Lutosławskiego.
Authors: Chrenowicz Jakub
Published: June 2018

The goal of the article is to present the transcription system in Witold Lutosławski’s pieces composed using the technique of controlled aleatorism as a formal language for the transmission of instructions to the conductor and orchestra musicians performing those works. The starting point for my ruminations is to explore controlled aleatorism from the performer’s perspective.The text invokes excerpts from three pieces by Witold Lutosławski: Cello concerto, Chain I, and Piano Concerto. The author presents an account of the controlled aleatorism technique and analyzes the graphic signs used in the aforementioned compositions, along with the ways in which they are interpreted by performers.  The author contends that the examined transcriptions are a collection of instructions of varying degrees of complexity, addressed to musicians performing the analyzed pieces. Such a system of notation can be interpreted as a formal language which the composer programmed the work of the conductor and orchestra musicians. Beginning with the simplest instructions, he proceeded to create complex, algorithmic commands.The conclusions drawn from the above analyses point to the essence of controlled aleatorism in music notation and its interpretations. The element of control overrides the element of randomness, and such a state of affairs is attained by using a particular type of transcription.
Orthotes and Diairesis of Names. The Question of Method in Prodicus
Authors: Brancacci Aldo
Published: June 2018

The question of the method was central in the thought and teaching of Prodicus. We have abundant information on this method but it is, probably, closely connected to various other issues (natural investigations, rhetoric and rhetorical theory, questions concerning the gods, ethics), on which we are less well informed. The right method to solve diverse linguistic problems comprised two moments and not just one as it frequently assumed. Similarly, the terms orthotes and diairesis of names, which appear in the sources, do not designate one single and simple procedure, but rather a double and more complex one, which is reconstructed in this article and whose objectives are clarified.
Carleman estimates and null controllability of a class of singular parabolic equations
Authors: Du Runmei , Eichhorn Jürgen , Liu Qiang , Wang Chunpeng
Published: June 2018

In this paper, we consider control systems governed by a class of semilinear parabolic equations,
which are singular at the boundary and possess singular convection and reaction terms.
The systems are shown to be null controllable by establishing Carleman estimates, observability inequalities and energy estimates for solutions to linearized equations.
Elements and Opposites in Heraclitus
Authors: Neels Richard
Published: June 2018

In this paper, I discuss the various characteristics of Heraclitus’ theory of elemental transformation that can reasonably be gleaned from the extant fragments. While there has been some recent work on Heraclitus’ theory of elemental transformation, there has been a lack of discussion concerning the properties of the particular elements and their relation to the cardinal opposites. In this paper I argue that fragment B126 (“Cold things warm up, warm things cool off; wet things dry up and dry things moisten”) is an explanandum for Heraclitus. It is meant to invoke certain questions in his readers’ minds: How is it that cold things come to hold an opposing property (i. e. “hot”)? What type of change occurs such that a wet thing can become dry? How is it that things hold these properties in the first place? I argue that Heraclitus’ theory of elemental transformation (B31, B36 and B76) is the explanans for B126 and is capable of answering these questions. That is, the observable change evident in B126 is explained by a set of transformations between elemental stuffs. Because of this connection between B126 and his theory of elements, Heraclitus’ theory of elemental transformation is rightly understood as a ‘unity of opposites’ thesis. However, I argue that the transformation of opposites can only be one opposites thesis among several opposites theses.
„Stierkampf in Bayonne“ – Corrida in Lissabon
Authors: Bub Stefan
Published: June 2018

Two bold descriptions of bullfighting in German literature – a section of Kurt Tucholsky’sEin Pyrenäenbuchand the final episode of Thomas Mann’sBekenntnisse des Hochstaplers Felix Krull– can be read in the context of French authors who (about the 1920 s and 1930s) were fascinated by the corrida and the idea of abject sacredness and transgres­sion. The comparison of striking motives (e. g., the art of the matador, the suffer­ing of the horses) reveals how literary texts reflect the ritual character of bullfighting, represent its disgusting aspects, and deal with the taurobolic “scandalon” of death and eros. Whereas Tucholsky encounters a trivial spectacle and nevertheless feels the attrac­tion of violence, Thomas Mann’s narrator is confronted with mythic thought (Mithras) and Dionysiac excess.
Ex Uno Plures: Global French in, on and of the Rue Morgue and the Orient Express
Authors: Rolls Alistair
Published: June 2018

In the following paper, Edgar Allan Poe’s “The Murders in the Rue Morgue” and Agatha Christie’s Murder on the Orient Express are considered, and compared, as exemplars of what Andrea Goulet has labelled “Global French,” which is to say that both texts convey non-English, and especially French, language use through their own original English. Both texts will be shown to be born in, stage, and depart from primal linguistic scenes: the Babelian confusion of Poe’s multiple foreign witnesses will be embodied in the impediments that keep them from the scene of the crime; in Christie’s case, the multilingual investigation on board the Orient Express will stand in place of stilted and curtailed conversation held, in the Global French of Christie’s English, on the platform of another train. As sites of original translation and communicative excess and failure, these classic texts are about language first and crime second; indeed, the murder on Christie’s Murder on the Orient Express embodies taking place but, ultimately, does not take place at all.
Determination of optimal positive end-expiratory pressure based on respiratory compliance and electrical impedance tomography: a pilot clinical comparative trial
Authors: Karsten Jan , Voigt Nicolas , Gillmann Hans-Joerg , Stueber Thomas
Published: June 2018

There is no agreement on gold standard method for positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) titration. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) may aid in finding the optimal PEEP level. In this pilot trial, we investigated potential differences in the suggested optimal PEEP (BestPEEP) as derived by respiratory compliance and EIT-derived parameters. We examined if compliance-derived PEEP differs with regard to the regional ventilation distribution in relation to atelectasis and hyperinflation. Measurements were performed during an incremental/decremental PEEP trial in 15 ventilated intensive care patients suffering from mild-to-moderate impairment of oxygenation due to sepsis, pneumonia, trauma and metabolic and ischemic disorders. Measurement agreement was analyzed using Bland-Altman plots. We observed a diversity of EIT-derived and compliance-based optimal PEEP in the evaluated patients. BestPEEPCompliance
did not necessarily correspond to the BestPEEPODCL
with the least regional overdistension and collapse. The collapsed area was significantly smaller when the overdistension/collapse index was used for PEEP definition (p=0.022). Our results showed a clinically relevant difference in the suggested optimal PEEP levels when using different parameters for PEEP titration. The compliance-derived PEEP level revealed a higher proportion of residual regional atelectasis as compared to EIT-based PEEP.
Dependency profiles in the large-scale analysis of discourse connectives
Authors: Laippala Veronika , Kyröläinen Aki-Juhani , Kanerva Jenna , Ginter Filip
Published: June 2018

This article presents dependency profiles (DPs) as an empirical method to investigate linguistic elements and their application to the study of 24 discourse connectives in the 3.7-billion token Finnish Internet Parsebank (http://bionlp-www.utu.fi/dep_search/). DPs are based on co-occurrence patterns of the discourse connectives with dependency syntax relations. They follow the assumption of usage-based models, according to which the semantic and functional properties of linguistic expressions arise based on their distributional characteristics. We focus on the typical usage patterns reflected by the DPs and the (dis)similarities among discourse connectives that these patterns reveal. We demonstrate that 1) DPs can be analyzed with clustering to obtain linguistically meaningful groupings among the connectives and that 2) the clustering can be combined with support vector machines to obtain generic and stable linguistic characteristics of the discourse connectives. We show that this data-driven method offers support for previous results and reveals novel tendencies outside the scope of studies on smaller corpora. As the method is based on automatic syntactic analysis following the cross-linguistic universal dependencies, it does not require manual annotation and can be applied to a number of languages and in contrastive studies.
Measurement and Control of Non-Linear Data Using ARMA Based Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Marshiana D. , Thirusakthimurugan P.
Published: June 2018

Non-linear processes like conical tank control system is complex because of its non-linear characteristics, long-term interval and time difference between the system input and output. In this context, neural network based controller works since it is able to control and train the non-linear data set of liquid level in order to optimize the network performance. Hence, this article proposes a neural network control using gradient descent with adaptive learning rate that improves the performance and minimizes the errors, by using moving average filter and Hanning window to enhance the non-linear data. The article mainly deals with an application involving ARMA and artificial neural-based network (ANN) to model a conical tank system. To remove the recurrent components and to predict the future values of the process, the present paper employs an Autoregressive Moving Average Model (ARMA) by identifying its time varying parameters and combining with artificial neural network. MATLAB R2016b was applied for the entire simulation and training of non-linear data set. The simulation results indicate a minimization in the difference between the net input to the output and target value with that of error. The results indicated that the simulation took only 13 s to train the entire network for 6,135 iterations with the ARMA based model.
Why Matter Matters in Theological Action Research: Attending to the Voices of Tradition
Authors: Stangeland Kaufman Tone , Ideström Jonas
Published: June 2018

In this article we show how a sensibility of materiality offers helpful perspectives on issues of tradition and normativity in theological action research. Employing Actor-Network Theory (ANT) as our conceptual framework, we analyze work published by the Action Research – Church and Society (ARCS) team. We argue that a sociomaterial understanding of the embodiment of the normative voices of tradition in ecclesial practices, such as the liturgy, offers resources to overcome a tension we see inherent in the work of the ARCS team. Developing the ARCS team’s conversational approach by including this sociomaterial sensibility allows for a more mutual relationship between the normative voices of the Christian tradition, the academy and the inherent theology of what is enacted and expressed by participants in the fieldwork.
Teaching Rituals: New Church Activities and Religious Education
Authors: Kilpeläinen Aino-Elina , Vejrup Nielsen Marie
Published: June 2018

Today, a series of new initiatives are appearing within the established churches, many of them directed towards families with young children. The research presented in this article examines one specific new activity, “Babysalmesang” – baby hymn singing – within the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Denmark. This study rests firmly on the results of a national study and provides a qualitative perspective on what takes place in babysalmesang from the perspective of ritual education. The analysis of the data showed that babysalmesang is a ritualized activity that, at the same time, teaches about a ritual: baptism.
Research on the impact factors of GRACE precise orbit determination by dynamic method
Authors: Guo Nan-nan , Zhou Xu-hua , Li Kai , Wu Bin
Published: June 2018

With the successful use of GPS-only-based POD (precise orbit determination), more and more satellites carry onboard GPS receivers to support their orbit accuracy requirements. It provides continuous GPS observations in high precision, and becomes an indispensable way to obtain the orbit of LEO satellites. Precise orbit determination of LEO satellites plays an important role for the application of LEO satellites. Numerous factors should be considered in the POD processing. In this paper, several factors that impact precise orbit determination are analyzed, namely the satellite altitude, the time-variable earth’s gravity field, the GPS satellite clock error and accelerometer observation. The GRACE satellites provide ideal platform to study the performance of factors for precise orbit determination using zero-difference GPS data. These factors are quantitatively analyzed on affecting the accuracy of dynamic orbit using GRACE observations from 2005 to 2011 by SHORDE software. The study indicates that: (1) with the altitude of the GRACE satellite is lowered from 480 km to 460 km in seven years, the 3D (three-dimension) position accuracy of GRACE satellite orbit is about 3∼4 cm based on long spans data; (2) the accelerometer data improves the 3D position accuracy of GRACE in about 1 cm; (3) the accuracy of zero-difference dynamic orbit is about 6 cm with the GPS satellite clock error products in 5 min sampling interval and can be raised to 4 cm, if the GPS satellite clock error products with 30 s sampling interval can be adopted. (4) the time-variable part of earth gravity field model improves the 3D position accuracy of GRACE in about 0.5∼1.5 cm. Based on this study, we quantitatively analyze the factors that affect precise orbit determination of LEO satellites. This study plays an important role to improve the accuracy of LEO satellites orbit determination.
Subgroups generated by images of endomorphisms of Abelian groups and duality
Authors: Călugăreanu Grigore , Chekhlov Andrey R. , Krylov Piotr A.
Published: June 2018

A subgroup H of a group G is called endo-generated if it is generated by
endo-images, i.e. images of endomorphisms of G. In this paper we determine
the following classes of Abelian groups:
(a) the endo-groups, i.e. the groups all of whose subgroups are endo-generated;
(b) the endo-image simple groups, i.e. the groups such that no proper
subgroup is an endo-image;
(c) the pure-image simple, i.e. the groups such that no proper pure subgroup
is an endo-image;
(d) the groups all of whose endo-images are pure subgroups;
(e) the ker-gen groups, i.e. the groups all of whose kernels are endo-generated.
Some dual notions are also determined.
Can having a sibling with type 1 diabetes cause disordered eating behaviors?
Authors: Akgül Sinem , Alikaşifoğlu Ayfer , Özon Alev , Gönç Nazlı , Düzçeker Yasemin , Örs Sine , Derman Orhan , Kanbur Nuray
Published: June 2018

Background

Adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are at an increased risk of eating disturbances. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the risk of a disordered eating behavior (DEB) also applies to the well sibling sharing the same environment.

Methods

Well siblings were included if they were 10–18 years old, had a sibling with a T1DM diagnosis for at least 6 months and lived with the sibling during the illness. The control group was comprised of healthy participants recruited from the outpatient clinic with no family history of T1DM. Participants completed a four-part questionnaire concerning their eating behaviors that was developed by the study team. This survey aimed to evaluate the dietary habits and eating patterns. All participants completed the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26) and a 24-h food dietary recall. Any participant with a high EAT-26 score or that seemed to be at risk according to the questionnaire was re-evaluated.

Results

Eight cases (33.3%) in the well sibling group had either a total and/or subgroup pathological score. Three of them were found to have DEB and one case was diagnosed with anorexia nervosa (AN). In the control group, five cases (17.2%) had either a total and/or subgroup pathological score. Three of these cases were found to have DEB, no cases were diagnosed with an eating disorder. There were no statistically significant differences in the EAT-26 scores between the groups.

Conclusions

Although a direct relationship was not observed, the probability of having a pathologic EAT-26 score was higher in the group with a sibling with T1DM.
Association of anthropometric measures and cardio-metabolic risk factors in normal-weight children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-V study
Authors: Ahadi Zeinab , Bahreynian Maryam , Qorbani Mostafa , Heshmat Ramin , Motlagh Mohammad Esmaeil , Shafiee Gita , Gorabi Armita Mahdavi , Ziaodini Hasan , Taheri Majzoubeh , Aminaei Tahereh , Kelishadi Roya
Published: June 2018

Background:

The present study aims to explore the association of anthropometric indices and cardio-metabolic risk factors in normal-weight children and adolescents.

Methods:

This cross-sectional nationwide study was conducted in 2015 among 4200 Iranian school students aged 7–18 years. They were selected using a multi-stage cluster random sampling method. Anthropometric indices and cardio-metabolic risk factors including fasting blood glucose (FBG), lipid profile and blood pressure (BP) were measured using standard protocols.

Results:

The response rate was 91.5%. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) had a significant positive correlation with waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC) and body mass index (BMI) in boys and girls. HDL-C had a significant inverse correlation with WC, HC and BMI in boys. For each unit increase in WC, HC and BMI, the risk of elevated DBP significantly increased by 2%, 1% and 11%, respectively. Likewise, for each unit increase in WC, HC and BMI, the risk of elevated BP significantly raised by 2%, 1% and 10%, respectively. For each unit increase in WC, the risk of metabolic syndrome increased by 7%.

Conclusions:

Anthropometric indices are considered an easy, non-invasive tool for the prediction of cardio-metabolic risk factors in normal-weight children and adolescents.
Changes in livestock farming systems in the Moroccan Atlas Mountains
Authors: El Aich Ahmed
Published: June 2018

This paper aims to characterize small ruminant farming systems in the Moroccan mountain regions and to assess undergoing socio-economic and ecological changes. Livestock farming systems in these regions are extensive with large flock sizes, especially sheep and goats raised mainly for meat production. Sheep producers utilized the inherent genetic diversity of their stock and developed adaptations to cope with seasonal availability of the mountain pastures and the need to diversify their own activities. Nowadays, farming systems in mountainous regions are undergoing socio-economic and ecological transformations that impact directly or indirectly on natural resources. Reduction and/or disappearance of herd transhumance, where flocks were moved seasonally from one climatic zone/vegetation type to another, was an important feature of the Middle Atlas sixty years ago Along with this reduced contribution from natural rangelands, other external resources and agricultural by-products (straw, stubble) are offered which make the system heavily dependent on agriculture. Intensification of feeding systems is associated with a choice for more productive but less hardy breeds from lowland areas. As a consequence of the reduction in mobility and the sedentarization of herds, there is an increase in the grazing pressure causing new and significant degradation of rangeland resources. Other profound institutional modifications concern the management and the utilization of the mountainous pasture. Indeed, the power of the group and the institutions for managing the resources is being replaced by the individual initiatives.
Relining of pipe systems: conditions, benefits and application through case-study
Authors: Vladimirov Victor , Simoner Thomas , Bica Ioan
Published: June 2018

Relining is one of the best alternatives available today for pipe system rehabilitation. This trenchless solution is particularly interesting for urban agglomerations, as a smaller diameter pipe is pushed or pulled through the old pipeline. Relining creates a leak-tight “pipe within a pipe” system, which is as good as new in both structural and hydraulic terms. Relining can be performed with both circular and special, non-circular (NC) profiles. The latter is especially advantageous for the rehabilitation of old sewers, many of which were constructed in a variety of ovoid-like shapes. This paper presents the typical steps that are performed for pipeline rehabilitation with non-circular profiles, as well as an applied case study (a project implemented in the city of Würzburg in Germany).
Reabilitation of a wastewater treatment plant – possible environment impact
Authors: Stănescu Mădălina , Buta Constantin , Mihai Geanina
Published: June 2018

Romania, has declared, by the Governmental Decision nr.352/2005, all its territory as a sensitive area. This implies that, for all urban agglomerations larger than 10.000 population equivalent waste water treatment plants (WWTP) with nutrient removal must be built or upgraded. This paper presents the results regarding the possible environmental impacts expected from the project for construction of waste water treatment plant in the City of Vaslui, with main focus on surface water. This research study includes assessment methodology, project description regarding the rehabilitation and extension of the Vaslui waste water treatment plant, data related to water resources, impact assessment on water and appropriate mitigation measures. The assessment of the impacts has been performed for the construction and operational phase of the wastewater treatment plant. The construction phase was subdivided into several phases, while in the operational phase the impacts are analyzed following the line for treatment of the wastewater and effluent production, the line for sludge production and drying process, sludge disposal in safety conditions considering the provisions of 86/278/EEC Directive and the line for biogas utilization.
Flash floods simulation in a small drainage basin using HEC-RAS hydraulic model
Authors: Buta Constantin , Mihai Geanina , Stănescu Mădălina
Published: June 2018

In recent years, climate conditions has caused extreme hydrological phenomena like flash floods that lead to significant material losses and impact on the environment in Dobrogea Region, Romania. In this context the needs for an integrated and sustainable approach to flash flood risk management even in small drainage basins are necessary, in order to reduce the the potential damages of flash floods in the future. In this study the hydraulic models Hec-Ras and HecGeo-Ras were used in order to simulate the behaviour of the environment at the pressure of the flashfloods in a small drainage basin. The results were validated using the measurements undertaken after the flash-flood event recorded in October, 13th, 2015 as well as the data provided by the Corbu gauging station along time.
Religion als Problem. Die religionskritische Aufgabe im interweltanschaulichen Religionsunterricht
Authors: Willems Joachim
Published: June 2018

Religionskritik ist ein zentrales Thema des klassischen problemorientierten Religionsunterrichts. Im Vergleich zur Situation vor einem halben Jahrhundert haben sich die Rahmenbedingungen heute allerdings wesentlich verändert, da Religionskritik vorrangig als Islamkritik erscheint.
The Rock-Breaking Mechanism of Directional Fracture Blast Using an Irregular Shape Cartridge and Its Field Application
Authors: Wang Yanbing
Published: June 2018

The testing system of digital laser dynamic caustics was performed here to examine the super-dynamic fracture mechanics of directional blasting crack, which, using an irregular shape cartridge, revealed the rock breaking mechanism of directional fracture blast. The findings show that the blasting primary crack fracture features—the typical tensile break, the variation trend of the dynamic stress intensity factor (DSIF), crack propagation velocity, and crack length— were more or less the same, the primary crack fracture was finished during 60–200 μs, the limit DSIF scarcely exceeded 1.5 MN/m3/2, and the arrest toughness of the blasting fracture was about 0.3 MN/m3/2. The irregular shape cartridge showed significant detonation wave unloading effects and detonation gas jet effects in the accumulative direction or slotting direction; the “air wedge effect” of the high-pressure detonation gas jet acted as the main drive for further expansion of the compression radial crack in the accumulative direction (or slotting direction), which also held the propagation of the compression radial crack in the nonaccumulative or nonslotting direction). Additionally, the accumulative cartridge and slotted cartridge were applied to the construction field, and it was found that the directional fracture blast was enabled, the good blasting fracture surface was formed, and better economic benefits and less operation time could be achieved using these two cartridges.
Ações em enfermagem na nefrologia: 24 anos de extensão
Authors: Flores Alana Duarte , Barros Vanessa Souza Lemes de , Silveira Ricardo Aires da , Cardozo Janina Neves , Zillmer Juliana Graciela Vestena , Schwartz Eda
Published: June 2018

RESUMO: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo descrever as ações de extensão na área de nefrologia desenvolvidas junto à comunidade e refletir sobre sua influência nos cenários de atuação e formação de enfermeiros com vista ao campo da nefrologia. Trata-se de um relato de experiência a partir da participação de acadêmicos de enfermagem no Projeto de Extensão "Internato em Enfermagem Nefrológica" no decorrer de seus 24 anos de vigência. A partir da análise de relatórios anuais identificaram-se dois eixos temáticos que permitiram descrever as ações desenvolvidas, o primeiro “A atuação do acadêmico de enfermagem na assistência ao paciente em diálise e seus familiares”; segundo, “Ações de prevenção da doença e promoção da saúde renal na comunidade”.
A EXTENSÃO UNIVERSITÁRIA NA EXPERIÊNCIA DO CUIDADO NA ATENÇÃO A CRIANÇAS HOSPITALIZADAS
Authors: Luquete Camilla Fernandes Passos , Fugimoto Vitor Koichi Iwakura , Rodrigues Renan Ferrari , Prado Janaína Dal'laqua , Baldini Nathália Sobrinho , Cinti Mariana Fagundes , Forte Simone Camargo Dias , Papeti Marina Chiarato , Toledo Fernando Féssel , Jurdi Andrea Perosa Saigh
Published: June 2018

A Política Nacional de Humanização visa a expressar os princípios do SUS, propiciando nas equipes, trocas solidárias e comprometidas com a dupla tarefa de produção de saúde e produção de cuidado. No PET Saúde da Criança compreende-se que o cuidado em saúde se faz por meio dos encontros que visam à conexão das pessoas, não pelas patologias ou diagnósticos, mas pela experimentação da arte, do trabalho e do lazer. Com a dimensão ética de prover cuidado a partir do encontro humano, desenvolvendo a capacidade de cuidar que está associada às capacidades de envolvimento com e de responsabilidade por, foram realizadas  intervenções com crianças e acompanhantes. Nesse artigo, pretendeu-se discutir a natureza e a qualidade do cuidado a crianças hospitalizadas e seus acompanhantes a partir das experiências das atividades de extensão e como o cuidado tem ocorrido nesse ambiente nas ações de saúde. A estratégia metodológica das intervenções foi oferecer oficinas lúdicas na enfermaria pediátrica. O ambiente proposto nas oficinas lúdicas potencializou a importância do espaço compartilhado, e o papel do adulto foi de acolher as diferenças, estar junto quando o brincar não era possível e fornecer segurança suficiente para que o brincar criativo pudesse ser exercido pela criança. O cuidado que afirmamos se faz no campo da produção de saúde, provocando mudanças nas relações com o outro, possibilidades de deslocamentos, de transformações seja no estudante, seja na criança ou no seu acompanhante.
O olhar do GEPETO e o cuidado com a vida de idosos institucionalizados
Authors: Castilhos Eduardo Dickie de , Camargo Maria Beatriz Junqueira de , Bighetti Tania Izabel
Published: June 2018

O projeto GEPETO – Gerontologia: Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão no tratamento odontológico realiza as suas ações de extensão no Asilo de Mendigos de Pelotas. As ações no asilo são realizadas em conjunto por acadêmicos dos cursos de Odontologia e Terapia Ocupacional. Ações voltadas para a prevenção, tratamento e reabilitação são desenvolvidas buscando qualidade de vida para os moradores. Nessa busca ocorrem trocas entre professores, acadêmicos e moradores. Além dos cuidados com a saúde, ocorrem discussões sobre espiritualidade, religiosidade e a finitude da vida. Assim os cuidados com a saúde são encarados não como uma luta contra a morte, mas como uma forma de dar qualidade aos anos de vida compartilhados com os moradores.
A RESPONSABILIDADE CIVIL NAS RELAÇÕES DE CONSUMO. TENDÊNCIAS DO SÉCULO XXI
Authors: Cavalieri Filho Sergio
Published: June 2018

Conferência de Encerramento do I Congresso Internacional de Direito do Consumidor – FD/UFPel
A ECONOMIA COMPARTILHADA COMO INOVAÇÃO: REFLEXÕES CONSUMERISTAS, CONCORRENCIAIS E REGULATÓRIAS
Authors: Soares Ardyllis Alves
Published: June 2018

Estudo sobre a economia compartilhada e suas implicações para a contemporaneidade. Primeiro, apresenta-se a economia compartilhada como fenômeno social, influenciando diversos elementos da sociedade atual, sendo seguido de uma ampla descrição do fenômeno para haver uma melhor compreensão de suas características. Na segunda parte, há uma análise mais jurídica sobre a economia colaborativa, por meio da relação com alguns ramos do Direito e com a descrição do desenvolvimento de estudos de órgãos regulatórios e normativos, além de organizações internacionais, sobre o tema. Infere-se que a regulação deve ser realizada, mas sob quantidade reduzida de aspetos, protegendo consumidores, fomentando a concorrência e não inibindo a criatividade inovadora de novas possibilidades de mercado.
EL CÓDIGO DE PROTECCIÓN Y DEFENSA DEL CONSUMIDOR VISTO A TRAVÉS DE LA JURISPRUDENCIA DEL INDECOPI: CONSOLIDACIÓN NECESARIA DE SUS CRITERIOS INTERPRETATIVOS
Authors: Álvarez César Carranza
Published: June 2018

En el presente escrito, el autor efectúa un recuento de los criterios interpretativosplanteados por la Sala Especializada en Protección al Consumidor del Instituto Nacional deDefensa de la Competencia y de la Protección de la Propiedad Intelectual, del Perú, a partir decasos puntuales resueltos por ella; en temas relacionados a la noción de consumidor, protección delos terceros expuestos a una relación de consumo, usos mixtos, derecho de información, deber deidoneidad y discriminación. Dichos criterios son analizados a la luz de la normativa del Código deProtección y Defensa del Consumidor y la doctrina nacional que ha opinado sobre ellos.
A SEXUALIZAÇÃO DE MENINAS NO UNIVERSO DA PUBLICIDADE INFANTIL BRASILEIRA1
Authors: Montes Aline Magalhães
Published: June 2018

Resumo: A publicidade e o respeito a sua regulamentação jurídica é uma temática deimportância redobrada em uma sociedade atualmente tomada pelo consumo em massa, como é asociedade brasileira atual. Como se não bastasse, recentes estudos apontam que os consumidoresde grupos hipervulneráveis como as crianças e os adolescentes são os mais expostos à publicidadeabusiva, ou seja, aquela que desrespeita os limites legais ao utilizar recursos que se aproveitam dapouca experiência do jovem consumidor com o objetivo de induzi-lo a comprar o produtovinculado. Focando-se nas crianças do sexo feminino podemos perceber uma diferenciação nasmensagens vinculadas, que é sexualização precoce vinculada e presente em diversos elementos dapublicidade voltada a este público.
CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE A POLÍTICA DE RELAÇÕES DE CONSUMO E A PROMOÇÃO DA PROTEÇÃO AMBIENTAL
Authors: Losekan Gabriela
Published: June 2018

Não é segredo o argumento de que se todos adotassem estilos de vida semelhantes aospadrões de países ricos, um planeta terra não seria suficiente para fornecer recursos naturais eaguentar a consequente degradação ambiental. Desde a Eco-92, os padrões de consumoinsustentáveis abriram a discussão sobre a inserção do consumidor entre os agentes responsáveispela crise ambiental. Portanto, para compreender como o consumidor pode ajudar a reverter essequadro devastador, fundamental o estudo da lei consumerista que, através das diretrizes daPolítica de Relações de Consumo, contempla objetivos e princípios capazes de promover a defesado consumidor concomitante à defesa ambiental.
“A Way of Thinking Backwards”
Authors: Hepler-Smith Evan
Published: June 2018

This article addresses the history of how chemists designed syntheses of complex molecules during the mid-to-late twentieth century, and of the relationship between devising, describing, teaching, and computerizing methods of scientific thinking in this domain. It details the development of retrosynthetic analysis, a key method that chemists use to plan organic chemical syntheses, and LHASA (Logic and Heuristics Applied to Synthetic Analysis), a computer program intended to aid chemists in this task. The chemist E. J. Corey developed this method and computer program side-by-side, from the early 1960s through the 1990s. Although the LHASA program never came into widespread use, retrosynthetic analysis became a standard method for teaching and practicing synthetic planning, a subject previously taken as resistant to generalization. This article shows how the efforts of Corey and his collaborators to make synthetic planning tractable to teaching and to computer automation shaped a way of thinking taken up by chemists, unaided by machines. The method of retrosynthetic analysis made chemical thinking (as Corey perceived it) explicit, in accordance with the demands of computing (as Corey and his LHASA collaborators perceived them). This history of automation and method-making in recent chemistry suggests a potentially productive approach to the study of other projects to think on, with, or like machines.
The Price of Gravity
Authors: Kaiser David , Rickles Dean
Published: June 2018

This paper examines how various private patrons intervened to support research in gravitational physics from the late 1940s through the early 1960s. Our analysis centers primarily on two wealthy and eccentric businessmen, Roger Babson and Agnew Bahnson, and their efforts to galvanize the study of gravitation. Not only did these patrons provide generous funding at a time when the subject of gravitation received few other institutional sources of support; they also helped to knit together a research community. Moreover, we trace the evolution of their patronage efforts, as scientists and patrons revised their arrangements to address what came to seem weak or ineffective features of the original efforts. These unusual philanthropic efforts played an outsized role in spurring what has been called the renaissance of general relativity during the middle decades of the twentieth century.