bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Comparative Political Theory” and the Displacement of Politics
Authors: Euben Roxanne L. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: August 2022

Over the course of the past few decades, comparative political theory has acquired a measure of institutional legitimacy and intellectual recognition as part of the ongoing, interdisciplinary challenge to prevailing academic categories, coordinates, and borders. This arrival has been accompanied by a conspicuous focus on methodology both by those who claim the mantle of comparative political theory and those who reject it. The following reflections read this focus symptomatically, as revealing intellectual, institutional, and professional exigencies rather than as distinct to any particular scholar, argument, or publication. Neither a “state of the field” nor a proprietary defense of what comparative political theory is or should be, these observations toggle back and forth between reflections on my own engagement and disengagement with the topic of comparative political theory on the one hand and, on the other, concerns about how this preoccupation with method simultaneously expresses and exacerbates the displacement of politics in the very field that aims to understand it. Among the questions I raise are: What might be driving this disproportionate focus on methodological arguments in and about comparative political theory? What are the stakes of such a focus, particularly for younger scholars in political science departments decreasingly hospitable to political theory? Finally, what does this augur for the future of the study of politics broadly understood within disciplines dedicated to the scientific study of human behavior?
Assessment of the Relationship between Sella Turcica Morphology and Delayed Dental Age
Authors: Choi Soojin , Song Jihyun
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between sella turcica morphology and delayed dental age. In total, 389 participants under 16 years old were selected. Dental age was evaluated by the Demirjian method and age discrepancy (AD), the value subtracted from dental age to chronological age, was calculated. The participants were divided into 8 groups based on the sella turcica type. Bridging ratio (BR) was defined as interclinoid distance divided by sella turcica length to determine the degree of sella turcica bridging (STB) and the participants were classified into 4 groups by BR. The data were statistically analyzed using the Kruskal Wallis test and the Mann Whitney test. Some groups with sella turcica abnormality showed lower AD than that of the normal group and the AD differences varied from 4 months to 1.3 year. As the STB severity increased, AD decreased. AD differences varied from 7 months to 1.19 year. No distinct differences were observed in sella turcica type and STB groups according to sex. The results indicate that sella turcica morphology is associated with delayed dental age. Sella turcica can be used as a supplementary indicator to predict dental development.
Trend Analysis and Prediction of the Number of Births and the Number of Outpatients using Time Series Analysis
Authors: An Hwayeon , Kim Seonmi , Choi Namki
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study was to analyze the trend of the number of births in Gwangju and the number of outpatients in Pediatric Dentistry at Chonnam National University Dental Hospital over the past 10 years (2010 - 2019) and predict the next year using time series analysis. The number of births showed an unstable downward trend with monthly variations, with the highest in January and the lowest in December. The average number of births in 2020 was predicted to be 682 (595 to 782, 95% CI), and the actual number of births was an average of 610. The number of outpatients was relatively stable, showing a month-to-month variation, with highest in August and the lowest in June. The average number of patients in 2020 was predicted to be 603 (505 to 701, 95% CI), and the average number of actual visits was 587. Despite the decrease in the number of births, the number of outpatients was expected to increase somewhat. Due to the special situation of COVID-19, the actual number of births and patients was to be slightly lower than the predicted values, but it was that they were within the predicted confidence interval. Time series analysis can be used as a basic tool to prepare for the low fertility era in the field of pediatric dentistry.
The Demands and Awareness of Pediatric Dentists on the Korean National Health Insurance System
Authors: Kim Yunhyeong , Chae Yongkwon , Lee Koeun , Kim Misun , Nam Ok Hyung , Choi Sungchul , Lee Hyoseol
Published: August 2022

The aim of this study is to investigate the awareness and perception of pediatric dentists regarding dental health insurance (DHI) system in Korea. Online surveys were sent to the members of the Korean Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (KAPD), and the responses were collected. The survey, consisting of 41 questions, was subdivided into ‘general background of the respondents’, ‘the awareness on national health insurance (NHI) and DHI’, ‘the awareness on DHI pertaining to pediatric dentistry’, ‘issues that need improvement on DHI pertaining to pediatric dentistry’, ‘DHI claims’, and ‘the roles of KAPD in DHI’. In total, 302 responded, with a response rate of 28.9%. Excluding 2 questionnaires with insufficient answers, a total of 300 survey results were analyzed. According to the analysis, pediatric dentists thought that the coverage of DHI was not as sufficient compared to that of NHI, but were expecting its scope to broaden in the future. The satisfaction rate was higher in pit and fissure sealant and composite resin filling than in caries-detecting quantitative light-induced fluorescence. Pediatric dentists considered permanent tooth composite resin filling (65.7%) needed an increase in insurance copayment, while topical fluoride application (74.7%) to require insurance coverage. DHI claims were generally handled by dental hygienists and/or nursing assistants. Approximately half of the respondents answered that they have had experiences on appealing for insurance denials. Lastly, pediatric dentists generally had a positive attitude towards providing information for the DHI. This study is expected to be used as a sound dataset for the DHI policy development concerning pediatric dentistry.
Effects of Ginsenoside Rb1 Loaded Films on Oral Wound Healing
Authors: Lee Jeong Hyun , Park Seung Hwan , Mohammed Asiri Naif , Lee Myoung-Han , Kweon Dong-Keon , Chae Yongkwon , Lee Koeun , Kim Misun , Lee Hyoseol , Choi Sungchul , Nam Ok Hyung
Published: August 2022

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of two ginsenoside Rb1 (G-Rb1) loaded films on oral wound healing. Two types of G-Rb1 films, G-Rb1 loaded carboxymethyl cellulose (GCMC) film and G-Rb1 loaded hyaluronic acid (GHA) film, were developed. A total of 36 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups: control, GCMC, and GHA. After wound formation on midpalate, the control group was left without treatment, whereas the experimental groups had films attached. The specimen was analyzed clinically and histologically after 7 and 21 days. For clinical analysis, the area of incompletely re-epithelialized wound was measured. For histological analysis, the distance between the margins of the wound (soft tissue gap) was measured and the percentage of the collagen-stained area on the specimen was calculated. In clinical and soft tissue gap analysis, the GCMC group presented improved healing compared to the GHA group and the control at day 7 (p < 0.05). And, both GCMC (9.74 ± 10.12%) and GHA groups (19.50 ± 14.47%) presented greater collagen-positive pixels compared to control (0.89 ± 1.60%) at day 7 (p < 0.05). However, there were no differences in these parameters among the groups on day 21. Therefore, G-Rb1 loaded films improved oral wound healing.
Academic Effectiveness of Non-face-to-face Classes in Deciduous Tooth Morphology Practice during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Son Hyeji , Kim Jongseong , Kim Gimin , Kim Hyunjung , Nam Soonhyeun , Lee Jaesik
Published: August 2022

This study aimed to evaluate the academic effectiveness of non–face-to-face classes in deciduous tooth morphology practice. Under the course name dental morphology, a total of 60 dental students took face-to-face classes while 55 pre-dental students took non-face-to-face classes. Students were required to submit their practical assignments after 5 weeks of practical classes. To evaluate the academic effectiveness of non-faceto- face classes, practical assignments were scored by an evaluator and compared with face-to-face classes using the Mann-Whitney U test and the chi-square test. The results showed that the practical score in face-to-face classes was 77.43 ± 5.97 and the practical score in non-face-to-face classes was 76.04 ± 5.83. There was no significant difference in the academic effectiveness of face-to-face classes compared to non-faceto- face classes in deciduous tooth morphology practice (p > 0.05). This study suggests that non-face-to-face classes on introductory practice such as the dental morphology course can provide comparable quality to the education taught in traditional face-toface classes.
Optimal Physician Shared-Patient Networks and the Diffusion of Medical Technologies
Authors: O’Malley A. James , Ran Xin , An Chuankai , Rockmore Daniel N.
Published: August 2022

Social network analysis has created a productive framework for the analysis of the histories of patient-physician interactions and physician collaboration. Notable is the construction of networks based on the data of “referral paths” – sequences of patient-specific temporally linked physician visits – in this case, culled from a large set of Medicare claims data in the United States. Network constructions depend on a range of choices regarding the underlying data. In this paper we introduce the use of a five-factor experiment that produces 80 distinct projections of the bipartite patient-physician mixing matrix to a unipartite physician network derived from the referral path data, which is further analyzed at the level of the 2,219 hospitals in the final analytic sample. We summarize the networks of physicians within a given hospital using a range of directed and undirected network features (quantities that summarize structural properties of the network such as its size, density, and reciprocity). The different projections and their underlying factors are evaluated in terms of the heterogeneity of the network features across the hospitals. We also evaluate the projections relative to their ability to improve the predictive accuracy of a model estimating a hospital’s adoption of implantable cardiac defibrillators, a novel cardiac intervention. Because it optimizes the knowledge learned about the overall and interactive effects of the factors, we anticipate that the factorial design setting for network analysis may be useful more generally as a methodological advance in network analysis.
Geology, resource potential and organic petrography of the Neogene coals in the Miri area of Northwest Sarawak, Malaysia
Authors:   Geological Society of Malaysia, c/o Department of Geology, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Abdullah Wan Hasiah , Sia Say Gee ,   Jabatan Mineral dan Geosains Malaysia, Negeri Johor, Tingkat 9, Menara TH, Jalan Ayer Molek,  80000 Johor Bahru, Johor Darul Ta’zim, Malaysia
Published: August 2022

There are three coal-bearing geological formations in the Miri area, viz. the Belait Formation, the Lambir Formation, and the Liang Formation. Of the three coal-bearing geological formations, only the sub-bituminous B Tutoh coals from the Belait Formation, with an estimated resource of 203 million tonnes, are believed to be of economic potential. The Tutoh coals are dominated by vitrinite group, especially desmocollinite. The sub-bituminous B from the Lambir Formation and the lignite from Liang Formation are of low economic potential due to the limited area of the hosting formations.
The problem of pedagogical talent in modern foreign psychology
Authors: Mazilov Vladimir Aleksandrovich , Kostrigin Artem Andreevich
Published: August 2022

The article deals with the problem of pedagogical talent as a promising area of ​​research in modern foreign pedagogical psychology. It is noted that at present a teacher is recognized as one of the key subjects of the educational process, and the requirements for him include the formation of those views, personality traits, competencies and patterns of behavior with which he would successfully function in changing conditions and solve pedagogical problems of a new type. It is shown that in the Russian psychological-pedagogical literature the problems of pedagogical talent are not sufficiently represented, so there is a need to refer to the results of foreign studies. The goal is to present and analyze foreign psychological approaches to the study of pedagogical talent. Foreign studies on the problem of pedagogical talent are divided into the following: the definition, characteristics and role of pedagogical talent in pedagogical activity; identification of pedagogical talent and its features; technologies of management and development of pedagogical talent. Based on the theoretical analysis of the works, conclusions are drawn about the insufficient conceptual understanding of the phenomenon of pedagogical talent, the definition of pedagogical talent through other personal and professional characteristics of the teacher, the dominance of the competence-based approach in studying this problem, the reliance of researchers on approaches from the field of organizational psychology and labor psychology. The importance of studying modern foreign research for setting topical theoretical and applied problems in the field of educational psychology is substantiated.
Research and design of broadband muffler based on second-order Helmholtz resonators
Authors: Shi Quan-Quan , Yang Yu-Zhen , Zhao Zhun , An Bing-Wen , Tian Peng-Yi , Jiang Cheng-Cheng , Deng Ke , Jia Han , Yang Jun ,   Department of Physics, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China,   Key Laboratory of Noise and Vibration Research, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China,   Locomotive & Car Research Institute, China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited, Beijing 100081, China
Published: August 2022

Noise is always a serious factor affecting people's quality of life. The most common sound-absorbing materials are porous materials, which work based on the principle that sound waves entering into the pores inside the material are subjected to air friction and viscous resistance, thus converting sound energy into heat. Porous materials have excellent performance of absorbing medium-frequency and high-frequency sound , but they are required to be thick enough to control the low-frequency sound waves with large wavelengths, which limits the application of porous materials in low-frequency noise control. In recent years, acoustic artificial structures have become a research hotspot, which can realize exotic effective acoustic parameters based on periodical structure or local resonance. Acoustic artificial structure provides a new material basis for noise control, in which Helmholtz resonator plays an important role because of its simple geometry. In this study, a broadband muffler is designed based on the second-order neck embedded Helmholtz resonator. In order to achieve low-frequency and broadband sound insulation with a limited number of units and structure length, the second-order resonator is chosen as a basic structure unit, which has a stronger low-frequency noise reduction capability and has one high-frequency transmission loss peak more than a conventional Helmholtz resonator. The acoustic characteristics and insulation performance of second-order resonators are analyzed through theoretical calculation, simulation calculation and experimental test. Then, based on the theoretical model and empirical rules, a broadband muffler composed of nine second-order resonators is designed by carefully adjusting the geometry parameters of each resonator. The three-dimensional printed resonators are installed on the side wall of a square standing wave tube for experimental measurement. In the experiment, the transmission loss curve of the muffler is measured by the two-load method. The result shows that the designed muffler has good sound insulation performances in a frequency range of 267–927 Hz, with the whole transmission loss above 20 dB and the maximum sound insulation up to 60 dB. The experimental result is consistent with the calculation result and simulation result. The muffler has simple structure and high practicability, which will have a wide application prospect in noise control engineering.
Musical Bodies, Musical Minds
Authors: van der Schyff Dylan , Schiavio Andrea , Elliott David J.
Published: August 2022

An enactive account of musicality that proposes new ways of thinking about musical experience, musical development in infancy, music and evolution, and more.

Musical Bodies, Musical Minds offers an innovative account of human musicality that draws on recent developments in embodied cognitive science. The authors explore musical cognition as a form of sense-making that unfolds across the embodied, environmentally embedded, and sociomaterially extended dimensions that compose the enactment of human worlds of meaning. This perspective enables new ways of understanding musical experience, the development of musicality in infancy and childhood, music's emergence in human evolution, and the nature of musical emotions, empathy, and creativity.

Developing their account, the authors link a diverse array of ideas from fields including neuroscience, theoretical biology, psychology, developmental studies, social cognition, and education. Drawing on these insights, they show how dynamic processes of adaptive body-brain-environment interactivity drive musical cognition across a range of contexts, extending it beyond the personal (inner) domain of musical agents and out into the material and social worlds they inhabit and influence. An enactive approach to musicality, they argue, can reveal important aspects of human being and knowing that are often lost or obscured in the modern technologically driven world.
Cyberinsurance Policy
Authors: Wolff Josephine
Published: August 2022

Why cyberinsurance has not improved cybersecurity and what governments can do to make it a more effective tool for cyber risk management.

As cybersecurity incidents—ranging from data breaches and denial-of-service attacks to computer fraud and ransomware—become more common, a cyberinsurance industry has emerged to provide coverage for any resulting liability, business interruption, extortion payments, regulatory fines, or repairs. In this book, Josephine Wolff offers the first comprehensive history of cyberinsurance, from the early “Internet Security Liability” policies in the late 1990s to the expansive coverage offered today. Drawing on legal records, government reports, cyberinsurance policies, and interviews with regulators and insurers, Wolff finds that cyberinsurance has not improved cybersecurity or reduced cyber risks.

Wolff examines the development of cyberinsurance, comparing it to other insurance sectors, including car and flood insurance; explores legal disputes between insurers and policyholders about whether cyber-related losses were covered under policies designed for liability, crime, or property and casualty losses; and traces the trend toward standalone cyberinsurance policies and government efforts to regulate and promote the industry. Cyberinsurance, she argues, is ineffective at curbing cybersecurity losses because it normalizes the payment of online ransoms, whereas the goal of cybersecurity is the opposite—to disincentivize such payments to make ransomware less profitable. An industry built on modeling risk has found itself confronted by new technologies before the risks posed by those technologies can be fully understood.
IL-37 expression reduces acute and chronic neuroinflammation and rescues cognitive impairment in an Alzheimer’s disease mouse model
Authors: Lonnemann Niklas , Hosseini Shirin , Ohm Melanie , Geffers Robert , Hiller Karsten , Dinarello Charles A , Korte Martin
Published: August 2022

The anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-37 (IL-37) belongs to the IL-1 family but is not expressed in mice. We used a human IL-37 (hIL-37tg) expressing mouse, which has been subjected to various models of local and systemic inflammation as well as immunological challenges. Previous studies reveal an immunomodulatory role of IL-37, which can be characterized as an important suppressor of innate immunity. Here, we examined the functions of IL-37 in the central nervous system and explored the effects of IL-37 on neuronal architecture and function, microglial phenotype, cytokine production and behavior after inflammatory challenge by intraperitoneal LPS-injection. In wild-type mice, decreased spine density, activated microglial phenotype and impaired long-term potentiation (LTP) were observed after LPS injection, whereas hIL-37tg mice showed no impairment. In addition, we crossed the hIL-37tg mouse with an animal model of Alzheimer’s disease (APP/PS1) to investigate the anti-inflammatory properties of IL-37 under chronic neuroinflammatory conditions. Our results show that expression of IL-37 is able to limit inflammation in the brain after acute inflammatory events and prevent loss of cognitive abilities in a mouse model of AD.
Transition to siblinghood causes a substantial and long-lasting increase in urinary cortisol levels in wild bonobos
Authors: Behringer Verena , Berghänel Andreas , Deschner Tobias , Lee Sean M , Fruth Barbara , Hohmann Gottfried
Published: August 2022

In animals with slow ontogeny and long-term maternal investment, immatures are likely to experience the birth of a younger sibling before reaching maturity. In these species, the birth of a sibling marks a major event in an offspring’s early life as the older siblings experience a decrease in maternal support. The transition to siblinghood (TTS) is often considered to be stressful for the older offspring, but physiological evidence is lacking. To explore the TTS in wild bonobos, we investigated physiological changes in urinary cortisol (stress response), neopterin (cell-mediated immunity), and total triiodothyronine (T3, metabolic rate), as well as changes in behaviors that reflect the mother–offspring relationship. Following a sibling’s birth, urinary cortisol levels of the older offspring increased fivefold, independent of their age, and remained elevated for 7 months. The cortisol level increase was associated with declining neopterin levels; however, T3 levels and behavioral measures did not change. Our results indicate that the TTS is accompanied by elevated cortisol levels and that this change does not coincide with nutritional weaning and attainment of physical independence. Our results suggest that bonobos and humans experience TTS in similar ways and that this developmental event may have emerged in the last common ancestor.
Dynamic molecular evolution of a supergene with suppressed recombination in white-throated sparrows
Authors: Jeong Hyeonsoo , Baran Nicole M , Sun Dan , Chatterjee Paramita , Layman Thomas S , Balakrishnan Christopher N , Maney Donna L , Yi Soojin V
Published: August 2022

In white-throated sparrows, two alternative morphs differing in plumage and behavior segregate with a large chromosomal rearrangement. As with sex chromosomes such as the mammalian Y, the rearranged version of chromosome two (ZAL2m) is in a near-constant state of heterozygosity, offering opportunities to investigate both degenerative and selective processes during the early evolutionary stages of ‘supergenes.’ Here, we generated, synthesized, and analyzed extensive genome-scale data to better understand the forces shaping the evolution of the ZAL2 and ZAL2m chromosomes in this species. We found that features of ZAL2m are consistent with substantially reduced recombination and low levels of degeneration. We also found evidence that selective sweeps took place both on ZAL2m and its standard counterpart, ZAL2, after the rearrangement event. Signatures of positive selection were associated with allelic bias in gene expression, suggesting that antagonistic selection has operated on gene regulation. Finally, we discovered a region exhibiting long-range haplotypes inside the rearrangement on ZAL2m. These haplotypes appear to have been maintained by balancing selection, retaining genetic diversity within the supergene. Together, our analyses illuminate mechanisms contributing to the evolution of a young chromosomal polymorphism, revealing complex selective processes acting concurrently with genetic degeneration to drive the evolution of supergenes.
p75NTR prevents the onset of cerebellar granule cell migration via RhoA activation
Authors: Zanin Juan P , Friedman Wilma J
Published: August 2022

Neuronal migration is one of the fundamental processes during brain development. Several neurodevelopmental disorders can be traced back to dysregulated migration. Although substantial efforts have been placed in identifying molecular signals that stimulate migration, little is known about potential mechanisms that restrict migration. These restrictive mechanisms are essential for proper development since it helps coordinate the timing for each neuronal population to arrive and establish proper connections. Moreover, preventing migration away from a proliferative niche is necessary in maintaining a pool of proliferating cells until the proper number of neuronal progenitors is attained. Here, using mice and rats, we identify an anti-migratory role for the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) in cerebellar development. Our results show that granule cell precursors (GCPs) robustly express p75NTR in the external granule layer (EGL) when they are proliferating during postnatal development, however, they do not express p75NTR when they migrate either from the rhombic lip during embryonic development or from the EGL during postnatal development. We show that p75NTR prevented GCP migration by maintaining elevated levels of active RhoA. The expression of p75NTR was sufficient to prevent the migration of the granule cells even in the presence of BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor), a well-established chemotactic signal for this cell population. Our findings suggest that the expression of p75NTR might be a critical signal that stops and maintains the GCPs in the proliferative niche of the EGL, by promoting the clonal expansion of cerebellar granule neurons.
A moonlighting function of a chitin polysaccharide monooxygenase, CWR-1, in Neurospora crassa allorecognition
Authors: Detomasi Tyler C , Rico-Ramírez Adriana M , Sayler Richard I , Gonçalves A Pedro , Marletta Michael A , Glass N Louise
Published: August 2022

Organisms require the ability to differentiate themselves from organisms of different or even the same species. Allorecognition processes in filamentous fungi are essential to ensure identity of an interconnected syncytial colony to protect it from exploitation and disease. Neurospora crassa has three cell fusion checkpoints controlling formation of an interconnected mycelial network. The locus that controls the second checkpoint, which allows for cell wall dissolution and subsequent fusion between cells/hyphae, cwr (cell wall remodeling), encodes two linked genes, cwr-1 and cwr-2. Previously, it was shown that cwr-1 and cwr-2 show severe linkage disequilibrium with six different haplogroups present in N. crassa populations. Isolates from an identical cwr haplogroup show robust fusion, while somatic cell fusion between isolates of different haplogroups is significantly blocked in cell wall dissolution. The cwr-1 gene encodes a putative polysaccharide monooxygenase (PMO). Herein we confirm that CWR-1 is a C1-oxidizing chitin PMO. We show that the catalytic (PMO) domain of CWR-1 was sufficient for checkpoint function and cell fusion blockage; however, through analysis of active-site, histidine-brace mutants, the catalytic activity of CWR-1 was ruled out as a major factor for allorecognition. Swapping a portion of the PMO domain (V86 to T130) did not switch cwr haplogroup specificity, but rather cells containing this chimera exhibited a novel haplogroup specificity. Allorecognition to mediate cell fusion blockage is likely occurring through a protein–protein interaction between CWR-1 with CWR-2. These data highlight a moonlighting role in allorecognition of the CWR-1 PMO domain.
Temporal relations in North Sámi ECM constructions
Authors: Julien Marit
Published: August 2022

The embedded verb in North Sámi ECM-constructions can appear in one of three different forms: past participle, progressive and infinitive. The existing descriptions of North Sámi say that the past participle places the embedded event before the higher event, that the progressive (traditionally called aktio essive) expresses temporal coincidence with the higher event, and that the infinitive normally gets a future interpretation, but it might also coincide temporally with the higher clause. This paper shows that although these generalisations are mostly correct, variation in the temporal interpretation of ECM complement clauses can be caused by a number of factors. In particular, the semantics of the matrix verb and the aspectual properties of the lower verb can influence the temporal relation between the matrix event and the embedded event. In addition, temporal adverbials can shift or fix the time of the embedded event.
How weak are Romanian clitic pronouns?
Authors: Gerstenberger Ciprian-Virgil
Published: August 2022

In traditional linguistics, pronouns are divided into two classes: those that can bear word stress, coined “strong”, “full” or “tonal”, and those that cannot, coined “weak”, “clitic”, or “atonal”. However, in the last decades, research on this topic has shown that items generally labeled as clitics are far more complex. Somewhere between words and affixes, these hybrid linguistic entities challenge both description and modeling. As for Romanian, the debate on weak (i.e., clitic) pronouns has been dominated by the question of their categorial status: are these items clitics or affixes? In this article, I present and scrutinize different approaches that support the claim that there are differences between proclitics and enclitics, i.e., between clitics occurring before vs. after the verb; this includes not only positional, but also featural differences. I identify various types of ambiguities in Romanian that could lead to improper data interpretation, and, based on an analysis of syllabicity – the most salient feature of Romanian weak pronouns – I refute claims for treating clitics in preverbal position differently than in postverbal position. Furthermore, using evidence from both historical data and data pertaining to language varieties, I show regularities in the Romanian weak pronoun system, bringing evidence against the claim that Romanian weak pronouns show a great deal of idiosyncrasies.
Creating a corpus for Kven, a minority language in Norway
Authors: Lane Pia , Hagen Kristin , Nøklestad Anders , Priestley Joel
Published: August 2022

Language documentation, including the development and use of corpora, is frequently linked to revitalisation. This is also the case for the Kven language, a Finnic minoritised language, traditionally spoken in the two northernmost counties of Norway. Kven is a recognised minority language in Norway, protected by the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. This status led to increased efforts to document Kven, including the development of the Ruija Corpus, consisting of recordings of interviews in Kven. The corpus was an important tool for the standardisation of Kven. In this article we describe how the corpus was developed and account for search functions, including a discussion of the limitations of the corpus. We also discuss the role of corpora and other online tools for language revitalisation, with a particular focus on the standardisation of Kven and conclude by reflecting on how expertise also resides with the speakers of an endangered language and that they have a right to be involved in efforts of language documentation and revitalisation.
Preconceptual Basis of Noun Class (Gender)
Authors: Bye Patrik
Published: August 2022

Noun class is widely seen as “standing out” from other morphosyntactic categories in having a basis in ontological beliefs, or a ‘semantic core’. The consequence of this view is that noun classes in natural languages frequently do not cohere semantically. Here I motivate an aspectual alternative according to which noun class is grounded in low-level cognitive processes including the detection of agency and sex-related cues (including shape/size) and ‘mode’ of attention. This suggests a way of bringing noun class more into line with the perspectivizing contribution of morphosyntactic features in general.
Mari morpheme order revisited
Authors: Hammer Luan , Bradley Jeremy
Published: August 2022

Morpheme order in Mari declension has been extensively studied in the past but attempts to explain the large amounts of alternation found here have been constrained by the difficulty of accessing sufficient data to properly elucidate the complexities in this domain. The paper at hand examines the prospect of using the Corpus of Literary Mari, created by an international workgroup around Trond Trosterud and his colleagues and hosted by Giellatekno, and other recently published resources on Mari to efficiently access vast amounts of data to quantitatively study this subject in a manner that had not previously been possible.
Samiske barnehagers rolle i språkrevitaliseringa
Authors: Rasmussen Torkel
Published: August 2022

More than a thousand children attend Sámi kindergartens daily, while quite a number of Sámi children get Sámi language instruction in other kindergartens. This activity is one of the most important arenas for transmission and acquisition of Sámi languages.  A question raised in this article is how these kindergartens are used as research fields in the disciplines of language and sociology and early childhood pedagogy. Another question is what kind of language teaching models are used. The article shows that little research has been carried out on how Sámi kindergartens teach Sámi language. There is also little research done on the results from this education. A review of the Sámi kindergartens’ history shows that statistical material on Sámi kindergartens and Sámi language instruction in other kindergartens is available only from some geographical areas, and existing statistical information is only partly suitable for analysis. This makes it difficult to use existing material to monitor the vitality of Sámi languages. The article calls for more research on Sámi kindergartens and language teaching models used in them. A goal could be to create a basis for monitoring this crucial indicator of language vitality for Sámi languages: whether new generations of Sámi become Sámi-speakers or not. This should be followed up with more research on the language teaching models used in Sámi kindergartens
Restricted diagonalization of finite spectrum normal operators and a theorem of Arveson
Authors:   Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Edwardsville, IL, 62026-1653 U.S.A., Loreaux Jireh
Published: August 2022

Kadison characterized the diagonals of projections and observed the presence of an integer. Arveson later recognized this integer as a Fredholm index obstruction applicable to any normal operator with finite spectrum coincident with its essential spectrum whose elements are the vertices of a convex polygon. Recently, in joint work with Kaftal, the author linked the Kadison integer to essential codimension of projections. This paper provides an analogous link between Arveson's obstruction and essential codimension as well as a new approach to Arveson's theorem which also allows for generalization to any finite spectrum normal operator. In fact, we prove that Arveson's theorem is a corollary of a trace invariance property of arbitrary normal operators. An essential ingredient is a formulation of Arveson's theorem in terms of diagonalization by a unitary which is a Hilbert--Schmidt perturbation of the identity.
Graph products of completely positive maps
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37240, U.S.A., Atkinson Scott
Published: August 2022

We define the graph product of unital completely positive maps on a universal graph product of unital C∗-algebras and show that it is unital completely positive itself. To accomplish this, we introduce the notion of the non-commutative length of a word, and we obtain a Stinespring construction for concatenation. This result yields the following consequences. The graph product of positive-definite functions is positive-definite. A graph product version of von Neumann's inequality holds. Graph independent contractions on a Hilbert space simultaneously dilate to graph independent unitaries.
The case of equality in Young's inequality for the s-numbers in semi-finite von Neumann algebras
Authors:   Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, 1428, Argentina, \textit{and} Instituto Argentino de Matem\'atica ``Alberto P. Calder\'on'', CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Larotonda Gabriel
Published: August 2022

For a semi-finite von Neumann algebra A, we study the case of equality in Young's inequality of s-numbers for a pair of τ-measurable operators a,b, and we prove that equality is only possible if |a|p=|b|q. We also extend the result to unbounded operators affiliated with A, and relate this problem with other symmetric norm Young inequalities.
Hyperrigid subsets of Cuntz-Krieger algebras and the property of rigidity at zero
Authors:   Pure Mathematics Department, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada, Salomon Guy
Published: August 2022

Pure Mathematics Department, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada Summary: A subset G generating a C∗-algebra A is said to be \textit{hyperrigid} if for every faithful nondegenerate ∗-representation A⊆B(H) and a sequence ϕn:B(H)→B(H) of unital completely positive maps, we have that limn→∞ϕn(g)=gfor all g∈G⟹limn→∞ϕn(a)=afor all a∈A. We show that in the Cuntz-Krieger algebra of a row-finite directed graph with no isolated vertices, the set of all edge partial-isometries is hyperrigid. We also examine, both in general and in the context of graphs, a related property named \textit{rigidity at} 0 that sheds light on the phenomenon of hyperrigidity.
Quasianalytic n-tuples of Hilbert space operators
Authors:   Bolyai Institute, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary, Kerchy Laszlo
Published: August 2022

The residual and ∗-residual parts of the unitary dilation proved to be especially useful in the study of contractions. A more direct approach to these components, originated in B. Sz.-Nagy, \textit{Acta Sci. Math. (Szeged)} \textbf{11}(1947), 152--157, leads to the concept of unitary asymptote, and opens the way for generalizations to more general settings. In this paper a systematic study of unitary asymptotes of commuting n-tuples of general Hilbert space operators is initiated. Special emphasis is put on the study of the quasianalyticity property, which constitutes homogeneous behaviour in localization, and plays a crucial role in the quest for proper hyperinvariant subspaces.
Classification of Drury-Arveson-type Hilbert modules associated with certain directed graphs
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, 208016, India, Chavan Sameer , Pradhan Deepak Kumar ,   Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, 208016, India, Trivedi Shailesh ,   Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, 208016, India
Published: August 2022

Given a directed Cartesian product T of locally finite, leafless, rooted directed trees T1,…,Td of finite joint branching index, one may associate with T the Drury-Arveson-type C[z1,…,zd]-Hilbert module Hca(T) of vector-valued holomorphic functions on the unit ball Bd in Cd, where a>0. The main result of this paper classifies all directed Cartesian products T for which the Hilbert modules Hca(T) are isomorphic in case a is an integer. Indeed, a careful analysis of these Hilbert modules allows us to prove that the cardinality of generations of T1,…,Td are complete invariants for Hca(⋅) if ad≠1.
Some consequences of stabilization theorem for Fell bundles over exact groupoids
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, The University of Texas at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75799, U.S.A., LaLonde Scott M.
Published: August 2022

We investigate some consequences of a recent stabilization result of Ionescu, Kumjian, Sims, and Williams, which says that every Fell bundle C∗-algebra is Morita equivalent to a canonical groupoid crossed product. First we use the theorem to give conditions that guarantee the C∗-algebras associated to a Fell bundle are either nuclear or exact. We then show that a groupoid is exact if and only if it is ``Fell exact'' in an appropriate sense. As an application, we show that extensions of exact groupoids are exact by adapting a recent iterated Fell bundle construction due to Buss and Meyer.
C∗-Algebras for partial product systems over N
Authors:   Mathematisches Institut, Universitaet Goettingen, Bunsenstrasse 3-5, 37073 Goettingen, Germany, Meyer Ralf , Mukherjee Devarshi ,   Mathematisches Institut, Universitaet Goettingen, Bunsenstrasse 3-5, 37073 Goettingen, Germany
Published: August 2022

We define partial product systems over N. They generalise product systems over N and Fell bundles over Z. We define Toeplitz C∗-algebras and relative Cuntz-Pimsner algebras for them and show that the section C∗-algebra of a Fell bundle over Z is a relative Cuntz-Pimsner algebra. We describe the gauge-invariant ideals in the Toeplitz C∗-algebra.
An Analytical Study on Marketing Behaviour of Coconut Growers in Coimbatore District
Authors: Pragadeesh V. , Sebastian Shibi , Bhuvaneswari S. Srivara Buddhi , Selvi R. Gangai
Published: August 2022

Coimbatore tops in area and production of coconuts in Tamil Nadu. Though production had been increased in the recent years. Farmers are facing difficulties in finding new marketing channels for their produce and also facing hardships in fetching fair and remunerative price for their nuts. Coconut copra, coconut oil price had also fallen drastically recently. The study was undertaken with the objective of analysing marketing behaviour of coconut growers in Coimbatore district. An Ex- post facto research design was used for this study. The study was taken-up in Coimbatore district of Tamil Nadu. Out of the twelve blocks in Coimbatore district, “Sulthanpet block”, “Pollachi (North)”, “Pollachi (South) block” were selected. A sample size of 120 coconut cultivating farmers was selected by using simple random sampling technique. The required data was collected by personal interview using a well-structured and pretested interview schedule. The result revealed that nearly sixty percent of the respondents (58.33 per cent) had medium level of marketing behaviour, 21.67 per cent of the respondents had low level of marketing behaviour, only 20 per cent of the respondents possessed high level of marketing behaviour. Majority of the respondents sold their produce in village itself; cent percent of the respondents graded and counted their produce. Most of the respondents sold their produce through middlemen. The coconut growers are found to possess medium level of marketing behaviour. Hence, it should be definitely noted down by planners and policy makers at state and district level to make arrangement for marketing the products for maximum price.
CLASSES, REGIMES FABRIS E MUDANÇA SOCIAL NO NORDESTE BRASILEIRO
Authors: Guimarães Antônio Sérgio Alfredo
Published: August 2022

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The “other Other” perspective
Authors: Alexander Mihili
Published: August 2022

Aotearoa New Zealand is a bicultural nation, yet home to peoples of many different ethnicities. Among the many immigrants to these shores are a growing number of non-indigenous ethnic minority psychotherapists. This article draws on findings from a small qualitative study with four non-indigenous ethnic minority psychotherapists practicing and residing in Aotearoa New Zealand, to explore and understand their lived experiences. Additionally, current literature is drawn upon to supplement findings and to reflect on what it means for non- indigenous ethnic minorities to encounter and exist within a bicultural sphere.

He iwi tikanga rua a Aotearoa Niu Tīreni, ahakoa tonu he kāinga ki te mātawaka. Kai roto i te manene maha ki tēnei whenua, e rahi haere ake ana nga kaiwhakaora hinengaro manene iwi hauiti. He tirohanga tā tēnei tuhinga ki ngā hua puta ake i tētahi mātai ine kounga i waenga i ētahi kaiwhakaora hinengaro manene hauiti tokowhā e mahi ana e noho ana i Aotearoa Niu Tīreni kia kite kia mātau ki ō rātau wheako koiora. I tua atu ka honoa atu ngā tuhinga o ēnei rā hai kīnaki i ngā hua, ka āta whai whakaaro ai hoki he pēhea tēnei āhua ki ngā iwi ehara i te tangata whenua , ā, he iwi hauiti ki te tuki ki te whaiora i roto i te awe o tikanga ruatanga.
Health‐Related Quality of Life in Adults With Adolescent‐ and Adult‐Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Longitudinal Study of a Multiethnic US Cohort
Authors: Borgia R. Ezequiel , Ugarte‐Gil Manuel F. , Vilá Luis M. , Reveille John D. , McGwin Gerald , Alarcón Graciela S.
Published: August 2022

Objective

The long‐term impact of childhood‐onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) on health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) in adult SLE patients in comparison to those with adult‐onset SLE is unknown. We aim to examine and compare HRQoL trajectories in adults with adolescent‐ and adult‐onset SLE.

Methods

Patients enrolled in the LUpus in MInorities: NAture versus Nurture cohort were included. Adolescent‐onset SLE were those diagnosed before 24 years of age, and adult‐onset SLE were those diagnosed otherwise. Sociodemographic, clinical, medications, behavioral/psychological, and functioning data were obtained. Longitudinal trajectories of the physical component summary (PCS) and the mental component summary (MCS) Short Form 36 health survey scores were compared between the groups using a linear mixed model accounting for time‐dependent and independent covariates.

Results

A total of 470 SLE patients were included (95 with adolescent‐onset SLE and 375 with adult‐onset SLE). The mean ± SD age at diagnosis was 19.7 ± 2.8 years in the adolescent group and 39.3 ± 11.0 years in the adult group. The baseline PCS scores were higher (better physical functioning) in adolescent‐onset SLE than in adult‐onset SLE (38.9 versus 34.3, respectively; P < 0.001); however, the baseline MCS scores were comparable between the groups (41.4 versus 40.5, respectively; P = 0.53). The HRQoL improved equally in both groups with no statistically significant difference within and between the groups (last mean PCS and MCS scores 43.9 and 45.3 in adolescent‐onset SLE; 38.1 and 43 in adult‐onset SLE).

Conclusions

Adults with adolescent‐onset SLE exhibited better physical functioning than those in the adult SLE group, despite more severe disease; noteworthy, HRQoL was below the general US population, despite clinically meaningful improvement in HRQoL over time in both groups.