bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Temporal activation of WNT/β-catenin signaling is sufficient to inhibit SOX10 expression and block melanoma growth
Authors: Uka Rexhep , Britschgi Christian , Krättli Anja , Matter Claudia , Mihic Daniela , Okoniewski Michal J. , Gualandi Marco , Stupp Roger , Cinelli Paolo , Dummer Reinhard , Levesque Mitchell P. , Shakhova Olga
Published: April 2020

Despite advances in the systemic treatment of patients with metastatic melanoma using immune checkpoint and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), the majority of stage IV melanoma patients eventually succumb to the disease. We have previously identified the transcription factor Sox10 as a crucial player in melanoma, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms mediating Sox10-dependent tumorigenesis remain largely uncharacterized. Here, we show that MEK and RAF inhibitors do not suppress levels of SOX10 protein in patient-derived cells in vitro, as well as in melanoma patients in vivo. In a search for pharmacological inhibitors of SOX10, we performed a mass spectrometry-based screen in human melanoma cells. Subsequent analysis revealed that SOX10 directly interacts with β-catenin, which is a key mediator of canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling. We demonstrate that inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha/beta (GSK3α/β) efficiently abrogate SOX10 protein in human melanoma cells in vitro and in melanoma mouse models in vivo. The mechanism of action of GSK3-mediated SOX10 suppression is transcription-independent and relies on the presence of a proteasome degradable form of β-catenin. Taken together, we provide evidence that activation of canonical Wnt signaling has a profound effect on melanoma growth and is able to counteract Sox10-dependent melanoma maintenance both in vitro and in vivo.
Willingness to donate genomic and other medical data: results from Germany
Authors: Voigt Torsten H. , Holtz Verena , Niemiec Emilia , Howard Heidi C. , Middleton Anna , Prainsack Barbara
Published: April 2020

This paper reports findings from Germany-based participants in the “Your DNA, Your Say” study, a collaborative effort among researchers in more than 20 countries across the world to explore public attitudes, values and opinions towards willingness to donate genomic and other personal data for use by others. Based on a representative sample of German residents (n = 1506) who completed the German-language version of the survey, we found that views of genetic exceptionalism were less prevalent in the German-language arm of the study than in the English-language arm (43% versus 52%). Also, people’s willingness to make their data available for research was lower in the German than in the English-language samples of the study (56% versus 67%). In the German sample, those who were more familiar with genetics, and those holding views of genetic exceptionalism were more likely to be willing to donate data than others. We explain these findings with reference to the important role that the “right of informational self-determination” plays in German public discourse. Rather than being a particularly strict interpretation of privacy in the sense of a right to be left alone, the German understanding of informational self-determination bestows on each citizen the responsibility to carefully consider how their personal data should be used to protect important rights and to serve the public good.
Whole exome sequencing in ADHD trios from single and multi-incident families implicates new candidate genes and highlights polygenic transmission
Authors: Al-Mubarak Bashayer R. , Omar Aisha , Baz Batoul , Al-Abdulaziz Basma , Magrashi Amna I. , Al-Yemni Eman , Jabaan Amjad , Monies Dorota , Abouelhoda Mohamed , Abebe Dejene , Ghaziuddin Mohammad , Al-Tassan Nada A.
Published: April 2020

Several types of genetic alterations occurring at numerous loci have been described in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, the role of rare single nucleotide variants (SNVs) remains under investigated. Here, we sought to identify rare SNVs with predicted deleterious effect that may contribute to ADHD risk. We chose to study ADHD families (including multi-incident) from a population with a high rate of consanguinity in which genetic risk factors tend to accumulate and therefore increasing the chance of detecting risk alleles. We employed whole exome sequencing (WES) to interrogate the entire coding region of 16 trios with ADHD. We also performed enrichment analysis on our final list of genes to identify the overrepresented biological processes. A total of 32 rare variants with predicted damaging effect were identified in 31 genes. At least two variants were detected per proband, most of which were not exclusive to the affected individuals. In addition, the majority of our candidate genes have not been previously described in ADHD including five genes (NEK4,NLE1,PSRC1,PTP4A3,andTMEM183A) that were not previously described in any human condition. Moreover, enrichment analysis highlighted brain-relevant biological themes such as “Glutamatergic synapse”, “Cytoskeleton organization”, and “Ca2+pathway”. In conclusion, our findings are in keeping with prior studies demonstrating the highly challenging genetic architecture of ADHD involving low penetrance, variable expressivity and locus heterogeneity.
Combined Mini-Parasep SF and Nanogold Immunoassay Show Potential in Stool Antigen Immunodetection for Giardiasis Diagnosis
Authors: Mohram Ahlam F. , Elawamy Waleed E. , Nageeb Marwa M. , Ali Hemat S. , Kishik Shereen M.
Published: March 2020

Covalent loading or directional binding of biomolecules on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) could lead to better results than simple direct adsorption for an enhanced ELISA application. The use of Mini-Parasep solvent-free (SF) without ether or ethyl acetate for the clean and efficient concentration of protozoa cysts, it is a single-use device for in vitro diagnostic use only. In this work, we used Mini-Parasep SF for the detection of giardia cysts in comparison to direct smear and Merthiolate-Iodine Formaldehyde Concentration (MIFC) technique in addition to its use in antigen detection by AuNPs biomolecule loading using rabbit polyclonal antibodies (pAb) against purified Giardia antigen (PGA). As a result, Mini-Parasep SF was the most effective method for Giardia cyst detection and regarding optimization of Mini-Parasep antigen detection, our data showed increased sensitivity and specificity of nano-sandwich ELISA to 92% and 94% respectively and increased positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) to 88.64% and 95.91% respectively. In conclusion, this research provides that Mini-Parasep SF concentrator enhanced Giardia cyst detection and improved antigen preparation for AuNPs sandwich ELISA in giardiasis diagnosis. The advantages of this method are the short assay time and the raised accuracy of antigen detection providing concentrated samples without the risk of solvent use and being a disposable Mini-Parasep it helps in giardia antigen purification as well as raising the sensitivity and specificity of ELISA through binding AuNPs.
Polyanion-type cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Jin Ting , Li Huangxu , Zhu Kunjie , Wang Peng-Fei , Liu Pei , Jiao Lifang
Published: March 2020

This review summarizes the recent progress and remaining challenges of polyanion-type cathodes, providing guidelines towards high-performance cathodes for sodium ion batteries.
Rapid and sensitive detection of NGAL for the prediction of acute kidney injury via a polydopamine nanosphere/aptamer nanocomplex coupled with DNase I-assisted recycling amplification
Authors: Hu Yiting , Yu Xie-an , Zhang Ying , Zhang Ran , Bai Xuefei , Lu Mi , Li Jiwei , Gu Lifei , Liu Ji-Hua , Yu Bo-Yang , Tian Jiangwei
Published: April 2020

A rapid and sensitive method for NGAL detection has been developed to predict acute kidney injury and evaluate the protective effect of drug on renal disease.
Directed evolution of Anabaena variabilis phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) identifies mutants with enhanced activities
Authors: Mays Zachary JS , Mohan Karishma , Trivedi Vikas D , Chappell Todd C , Nair Nikhil U
Published: April 2020

Anabaena variabilis phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (AvPAL) is currently used in the formulation of pegvaliase for PKU treatment. There is also broad interest in engineering PALs for other applications in biocatalysis and medicine.
Cu-Catalyzed three-component coupling reactions using nitriles, 1,3-dienes and silylboranes
Authors: Matsuda Yuki , Tsuji Yasushi , Fujihara Tetsuaki
Published: April 2020

Novel Cu-catalyzed three-component coupling reactions using nitriles, 1,3-dienes and silylboranes have been achieved. The desired reactions proceed at room temperature and yield β,γ-unsaturated ketones.
The remarkable propensity for the formation of C–H⋯π(chelate ring) interactions in the crystals of the first-row transition metal dithiocarbamates and the supramolecular architectures they sustain
Authors: Tiekink Edward R. T.
Published: April 2020

C–H⋯π(chelate ring) interactions play an important role in assembling first-row transition metal dithiocarbamates in their crystals.
Photophysics and photochemistry of carminic acid and related natural pigments
Authors: Zucchelli Margherita , Villarruel Fernando D. , David-Gara Pedro , Costante Mariana R. , Tascon Marcos , Marte Fernando , García Einschlag Fernando S. , Cabrerizo Franco M.
Published: April 2020

Carminic acid (CA) and other related compounds have been widely used as dyes in cultural heritage, cosmetics and the food industry.
Manipulating the spin crossover behavior in a series of {FeIII2FeII} complexes
Authors: Chen Jia-Tao , Zhao Xin-Hua , Zhang Yuan-Zhu
Published: April 2020

Three cyanide-bridged {Fe2Fe} complexes are reported to exhibit excellent SCO properties which are highly dependent on the compact degree of the π-π stacking, the loss of lattice solvents as well as the electron-donor strength of TpR.
Diamidophosphites from β-hydroxyamides: readily assembled ligands for Pd-catalyzed asymmetric allylic substitution
Authors: Chuchelkin Ilya V. , Gavrilov Konstantin N. , Borisova Nataliya E. , Perepukhov Alexander M. , Maximychev Alexander V. , Zheglov Sergey V. , Gavrilov Vladislav K. , Firsin Ilya D. , Zimarev Vladislav S. , Mikhel Igor S. , Tafeenko Victor A. , Murashova Elena V. , Chernyshev Vladimir V. , Goulioukina Nataliya S.
Published: April 2020

Novel diamidophosphites based on β-hydroxyamides were prepared, and their individual and in situ formed complexes were tested in Pd-mediated allylations.
The conversion of a high concentration of lignin to cyclic alkanes by introducing Pt/HAP into a Ni/ASA catalyst
Authors: Qin Shufang , Li Bolong , Luo Zhicheng , Zhao Chen
Published: April 2020

A novel strategy is demonstrated that enables the conversion of highly concentrated lignin to cyclic alkanes.
Iso-Compass: new freeware software for isotopic data reduction of LA-MC-ICP-MS
Authors: Zhang Wen , Hu Zhaochu , Liu Yongsheng
Published: April 2020

New freeware, Iso-Compass, is developed specifically to process the isotope data from LA-MC-ICP-MS and MC-ICP-MS.
Nicotinamide riboside–amino acid conjugates that are stable to purine nucleoside phosphorylase
Authors: Hayat Faisal , Migaud Marie E.
Published: April 2020

O5′ amino acid ester conjugates of nicotinamide riboside, generated via a reduced intermediate, are stable to purine nucleoside phosphorylase.
Albendazole negatively regulates keratinocyte proliferation
Authors: Di Fusco Davide , Stolfi Carmine , Di Grazia Antonio , Dinallo Vincenzo , Laudisi Federica , Marafini Irene , Colantoni Alfredo , Monteleone Ivan , Monteleone Giovanni
Published: April 2020

Background: Increased keratinocyte proliferation occurs in the skin of psoriatic patients and is supposed to play a role in the pathogenesis of this disorder. Compounds interfering with keratinocyte proliferation could be useful in the management of psoriatic patients.

Aim: To investigate whether albendazole, an anti-helmintic drug that regulates epithelial cell function in various systems, inhibits keratinocyte proliferation in models of psoriasis.

Methods: Aldara-treated mice received daily topical application of albendazole. Keratinocyte proliferation and keratin (K) 6 and K16 expression were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting and inflammatory cells/mediators were analysed by immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR. In human keratinocytes (HEKa and HaCaT) treated with albendazole, cell cycle and proliferation, keratins and cell cycle-associated factors were evaluated by flow cytometry, colorimetric assay and Western blotting respectively.

Results: Aldara-treated mice given albendazole exhibited reduced epidermal thickness, decreased number of proliferating keratinocytes and K6/K16 expression. Reduction of CD3- and Ly6G-positive cells in the skin of albendazole-treated mice associated with inhibition of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-17A, IL-36, CCL17, CXCL1, CXCL2 and CXCL5 expression. Treatment of keratinocytes with albendazole reduced K6/K16 expression and reversibly inhibited cell growth by promoting accumulation of cells in S-phase. This phenomenon was accompanied by down-regulation of CDC25A, a phosphatase regulating progression of cell cycle through S-phase, and PKR-dependent hyper-phosphorylation of eIF2α, an inhibitor of CDC25 translation. In Aldara-treated mice, albendazole activated PKR, enhanced eIF2α phosphorylation and reduced CDC25A expression.

Conclusions: Data show that albendazole inhibits keratinocyte proliferation and exerts therapeutic effect in a murine model of psoriasis.
Directional modulation method to increase the capacity of confidential messages over broadcast channels
Authors: Yamada Randy M. , Christopher Ryan M.
Published: April 2020

This study investigates information and secrecy capacity over broadcast channels through the use of directional modulation. The authors develop and demonstrate the utility of an antenna array control technique that provides communication devices with enhanced information and secrecy capacity by time‐varying the array steering vectors using a novel beam control method. They show that an increase in the achievable capacity in a broadcast communication system beyond the currently‐accepted Sato bound is possible by using the time domain of array steering vectors as an additional degree of freedom. Furthermore, they increase the overall secrecy capacity of the system by spatially restricting the successful reception of signals. In practical terms, this results in higher‐rate, confidential messages for multiple devices for a given power constraint. They present simulation results of the array steering technique showing that direction‐dependent modulation can provide broadcast channel capacity and secrecy capacity exceeding theoretical bounds for conventional, static coding techniques. They further describe an experiment and share measured results that corroborate the simulated results at the physical layer and provide insight into the proposed method.
Efficient layout design automation for multi‐chip SiC modules targeting small footprint and low parasitic
Authors: Mei Yunhui , Hao Baisen , Chen Yue , Wang Meiyu , Li Xin , Lu Guo‐Quan
Published: April 2020

It is important to reduce both the size and parasitic of power modules when designing a layout. However, the layout design often relies on experience and was time‐consuming. The problem is particularly prominent in silicon carbide (SiC) modules, which requires more parallel dye compared with silicon counterparts. In this study, an algorithm for multi‐chip SiC module layout design automation is proposed, which combines genetic algorithm, candidate searching idea, parallel operation and simplified evaluation models for enhancing computational efficiency with reasonable accuracy. A 12‐chip half bridge SiC module is studied to verify the feasibility of the proposed method. The results indicate the method is robust and efficient, and can generate optimal layouts with low parasitic inductance and resistance as well as small footprint. It is believed that the method is feasible to guide the automatic optimal layout design for multi‐chip SiC modules, targeting small footprint and low parasitic.
Artificial Intelligence in Neuroanesthesiology and Neurocritical Care
Authors: Rajagopalan Vanitha , Kulkarni Dilip K.
Published: March 2020

Artificial intelligence (AI) already influences almost every sector of our daily life, including the rapidly evolving technologies and datasets of healthcare delivery. The applications in medicine have significantly evolved over the past few decades and have shown promising results. Despite constant efforts to incorporate AI into the field of anesthesiology since its inception, it is still not commonplace. Neuroanesthesiology and neurocritical care is a discipline of medicine that deals with patients having disorders of the nervous system comprising a complex combination of both medical and surgical disease conditions. AI can be used for better monitoring, treatment, and outcome prediction, thereby reducing healthcare costs, minimizing delays in patient management, and avoiding medical errors. In this review, we have discussed the applications of AI and its potential in aiding the clinician’s judgment in several aspects of neuroanesthesiology and neurocritical care, some of the barriers to its implementation, and the future trends in improving education in this field, all of which will require further work to understand its exact scope.
Contemporary Surgical Management of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Gunn Tyler M. , London Tessa E. , Saha Sibu P.
Published: March 2020

Atrial fibrillation is a common arrhythmia which may cause symptoms that significantly impact quality of life and is associated with increased risk of stroke, heart failure, and sudden death. Over the past three decades many surgical techniques as well as catheter-bases procedures have been developed to treat atrial fibrillation. In this review we describe the indications, treatments, outcomes, surgical techniques, and technical advances reported in the literature.
Serratus Anterior Plane Block and Intercostal Nerve Block after Thoracoscopic Surgery
Authors: Kim Saeyoung , Bae Chae-Min , Do Young Woo , Moon Suyoung , Baek Seung Ik , Lee Deok Heon
Published: March 2020

Background This study aimed to compare the postoperative analgesic effect between ultrasound-guided serratus anterior plane block (Group S, SAPB) and intercostal nerve block (Group I, ICNB) after single port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (S-VATS) in primary spontaneous pneumothorax.

Methods In this prospective randomized controlled study, 54 patients were randomly assigned to two groups. Patients in Group S underwent the SAPB before the surgical drape by an anesthesiologist, and in Group I, ICNBs were performed just before the wound closure after S-VATS by an attending thoracic surgeon. The primary outcome was the numeric pain rating scale (NRS) score given by the patients for pain at the surgical incision site. NRS was assessed during resting and coughing statuses at 3, 6, and 12 hours postoperatively and at the time of the chest tube removal. The secondary outcomes included the number of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and opioid administration until time to chest tube removal.

Results There were no statistical differences between the two groups regarding age, body mass index, duration of operation, duration of anesthesia, and average NRS scores for the assigned time periods. There was no statistical significance in the number of opioid injections; however, NSAIDs were administered 2.8 times per patient in Group I, and 1.9 times per patient in Group S (p = 0.038).

Conclusion In the patients who underwent S-VATS with primary spontaneous pneumothorax, the SAPB provided similar postoperative pain relief with reducing the NSAIDs consumption compared with ICNB.
Core loss calculation for power electronics converter excitation from a sinusoidal excited core loss data
Authors: Matsumori Hiroaki , Shimizu Toshihisa , Kosaka Takashi , Matsui Nobuyuki
Published: April 2020

The authors propose a core loss calculation method for power electronics converter excitation from sinusoidal excited core loss data. This method is based on Brockmeyer’s theory and adapts to calculate core loss under DC-bias excitation conditions. Furthermore, the number of core loss test conditions are reduced as this method only requires the addition of DC-bias characteristics to the sinusoidal excitation core loss data provided by the core manufacturers. To validate the proposed method, the core losses under sinusoidal and square voltage excitations are first measured by a BH analyzer with a DC-bias excitation unit. Then, the measured values under a square voltage excitation and the calculated values from a sinusoidal excited core loss data are compared.
The development of the perfect in selected Middle and New Germanic languages
Authors: Fischer Hanna
Published: March 2020

This article gives an overview of the most important similarities and differences in perfect constructions
in modern Germanic languages. The focus is on the German present perfect form and its developments, which will be compared
with the perfect constructions of English and Dutch (West Germanic) and Swedish (North Germanic) throughout. First, I
introduce and compare the perfect forms in a selection of modern Germanic languages. I then focus on the emergence and
development of the German perfect, before I compare the degrees of perfect expansion in the languages under investigation. In
a final step, I investigate some of the consequences of the described processes: i.e. the loss of the German preterite form
(Präteritumschwund), the emergence of the double perfect constructions in German substandard varieties,
and the re-introduction of a semantic opposition in English.
Perfects in Baltic and Slavic
Authors: Arkadiev Peter M. , Wiemer Björn
Published: March 2020

This survey presents a comprehensive account of perfect constructions (based on an anteriority participle
and an often optional auxiliary) in Baltic and Slavic over space and time, including dialects and high-contact minority
varieties. Based on a classification by participle types and their combinations with be- and have-verbs, it
provides a systematic check of renowned functions of perfect grams and evaluates accepted parameters of grammaticalisation.
The most consistent common denominator of perfects in Baltic and Slavic lies in the irrelevance of most such parameters but an
increase in admissible lexical input and a decrease in paradigmatic variability. The two most salient differences between
Slavic and Baltic are (i) the high level of stability of voice orientation of participles in Baltic vs. the diathetic lability
and repeated changes in voice orientation in Slavic, and (ii) stable systems of perfects of likely great antiquity in Baltic
vs. the lack of consistently employed perfect systems in most Slavic languages.
The synthetic perfect from Indo-Iranian to Late Vedic
Authors: Dahl Eystein
Published: March 2020

This paper outlines the origin and development of the synthetic Perfect from Indo-Iranian, the
reconstructed common ancestral stage of the Iranian and Indo-Aryan languages, to Vedic, the oldest attested stage of Old
Indo-Aryan. Comparative evidence from Old Iranian, Homeric Greek and a number of other Indo-European languages shows that this
morphological category ultimately originates from Proto-Indo-European. In the course of its history, the synthetic Perfect
develops from a P-oriented stative construction in Indo-European, via an anterior construction in Indo-Iranian to a general
past tense with an emerging indirect evidential sense in Old Indo-Aryan. The present contribution highlights the various
stages of development reflected in Vedic, but it also includes reference to the Indo-Iranian prehistory of the Vedic Perfect,
as well as to its demise in later stages of Indo-Aryan. The development of the Indo-Iranian Perfect indicates that anterior
categories tend to be rather unstable diachronically.
The perfect in Classical Armenian
Authors: Kölligan Daniel
Published: March 2020

The paper discusses the syntax and semantics of the perfect and pluperfect of Classical Armenian. While A
is usually marked for genitive, S may be marked for nominative or genitive. The perfect of terminative unaccusative verbs
(‘fall’, ‘come’) describes the state of the subject after the event has reached its endpoint (‘be fallen, lie’, ‘have come, be
present’). In two-place predicates the majority of perfects occur in a single-actant construction describing the resulting
state of the object of the active clause (‘weave’ → ‘is woven’). If the underlying A is present as oblique subject in the
genitive and the resulting state of O is backgrounded, the perfect may depict A as responsible for the event
(‘characterizing’), or as being affected more than O (‘possessive’). Cases without a clear target state may have triggered the
development of the perfect into a resultative in the modern language denoting present relevance of a preceding state of
affairs.
The Gothic perfective constructions in contrast to West Germanic
Authors: Kotin Michail L.
Published: March 2020

The paper deals with selected questions of ‘perfectivity’ as both aspect and tense function in Gothic in
comparison with old and contemporary West Germanic languages. Perfectivity is treated as a functional category which
originated in verbal aspect, but which has been re-analysed in many languages which have lost aspect as a grammatically marked
opposition. In old East Germanic (Gothic), the prefix ga- originally marking terminative
aktionsart was grammaticalised as the marker of perfective aspect. This is still reflected in Gothic, but
lost in West Germanic. Hence, the development of perfectivity in Old Germanic is connected with the development of perfective
aspect. However, in old West Germanic languages comparable prefixed compounds have already lost their aspect-marking function
and could be used as general semantic modifiers of related simplex verbs. Beside the perfective-marking prefix, perfectivity
also could be encoded by means of periphrastic forms, which gradually developed from aspect to tense function, so that in
contemporary West Germanic languages aspectual (perfective) readings of periphrastic constructions are extremely
peripheral.
The perfect system in Ancient Greek
Authors: Crellin Robert
Published: March 2020

The present paper surveys the diachronic development of the Ancient Greek perfect in four periods:
Mycenaean, Archaic, Classical and post-Classical. At each stage the semantic evaluation of perfect is assessed in the context
of the semantics of its predicate. While generally confirming the standard picture of increasing anteriority and past
reference in the perfect correlating with greater numbers of verbs able to form perfects, the present study contributes
empirical data to support this assertion. The article traces the growing paradigmatisation of the perfect form throughout its
history. However, this development is not linear. Instead in the post-Classical language we witness a bifurcation along
diglossic lines, with the literary language remaining much more conservative in terms of the perfect’s semantic range, while
in lower-register material the perfect increasingly competes with the aorist to denote perfective semantics.
The perfect in Medieval and Modern Greek
Authors: Horrocks Geoffrey C.
Published: March 2020

The present-anterior/stative function of the ancient perfect placed it outside the core verbal system,
which was organised around a binary (perfective/imperfective) aspectual opposition. By the early middle ages the increasingly
marginal perfect had disappeared as a functionally discrete category, its role subsumed by the aorist (past perfective), and
the notion of continuing relevance determined contextually. The rare pluperfect was also abandoned, though periphrastic
replacements continued the overt, if optional, expression of relative-past meaning, a function later strengthened by contact
with Romance. A perfect counterpart appeared only in modern times, however, functioning as a past perfective with a compulsory
current-relevance reading, but remaining optional in that the aorist still carries present-anterior implications in
appropriate contexts. Other periphrases were introduced in later antiquity specifically to express stativity. Most have
continued in stative function into Modern Greek, though intense contact with Latin/Romance also encouraged present-anterior
and relative-past functions locally at various times.
The perfect system of Old Albanian (Geg variety)
Authors: Schumacher Stefan
Published: March 2020

The Old Geg perfect system has a morphology resembling that of neighbouring Romance perfects (‘have’/‘be’
+ past participle). It is a major sub-system of the verbal system, using nearly all synthetic forms of the auxiliary.
Moreover, there are surcomposé forms. The present perfect usually has a resultative or existential reading,
other readings being very rare. The past tenses of the perfect system indicate anteriority to a reference point in past time.
Among the surcomposé forms, there is a pluperfect of the perfect, which indicates a second, deeper layer of
anteriority. The non-indicative forms of the perfect system serve as past-tense counterparts to the respective non-indicative
categories of the synthetic verbal system. Finally, the Old Geg present perfect gives rise to the so-called admirative, a
present expressing the speaker’s surprise, disbelief, irony or doubt, or his or her unwillingness to vouch for the truth of
the statement given.
The perfect system in Latin
Authors: Crellin Robert
Published: March 2020

The Latin perfect system is argued to denote that an eventuality described by a predicate terminates prior
to some moment in time, whether utterance time in the case of the ‘present’ perfect, or reference/topic time, in the case of
the perfect infinitive, past and future forms. The ‘present’ perfect is argued to function as a perfective, while the past,
future and infinitive perfect are argued to denote anteriority. Additional conditions are considered in order to explain the
behaviour with state and achievement predicates. The participle in *-to- generally denotes that an
eventuality described by the predicate terminates prior to topic time, as well as that an event’s poststate (if any) holds at
topic time. As such the participle is generally passive in diathetical orientation, although there are exceptions. In certain
kinds of predicate, namely those describing extent and mental state, the perfect loses direct reference to a prior event and
refers only to an eventuality’s poststate.
Calquing a quirk
Authors: Drinka Bridget
Published: March 2020

The have-perfect, found almost exclusively in western Europe, has been identified as a “European
quirk, unparalleled elsewhere in the world” (Cysouw 2011: 425). The spread of this
highly marked construction to adjacent varieties provides us with an exceptional opportunity to observe the conditions under
which this calquing occurred, and to assess the role of external as well as internal factors in the adoption of this structure
in closely-related, distantly-related, and unrelated languages. After a general overview of the distribution of
have-perfect calques across Europe, three representative instances are presented: Old High German and Old Saxon,
Portuguese, and Czech. These examples illustrate, respectively, three important principles of social conditioning connected
with the grammatical calquing: the role of prestige in the operation of ‘roofing’, the linguistic repercussions of political
and confessional realignment, and the capacity of social motivation to outweigh internal linguistic factors.
The perfect in context in texts in English, Sistani Balochi and New Testament Greek
Authors: Levinsohn Stephen H.
Published: March 2020

English and Sistani Balochi are tense-prominent languages, and use the perfect mainly to elaborate on an
existing topic by referring to a past state of affairs that is of relevance to that topic. English perfects also introduce new
topics that the speaker wishes to address, while Balochi uses perfects with a mirative to introduce entities to a narrative
and as a forward-pointing device in orienters that introduce reported speeches. New Testament Greek is aspect-prominent, which
partly explains why English translates some Greek aorists (perfectives) with perfects. The Greek perfect often introduces
restatements of past events or speeches. In passages with aorist-perfect alternation, it is also used in a marked way with
added implicatures. Towards the end of a passage, assertions in the perfect often clinch the argument and/or are climactic.
Near the beginning of a narrative passage, in contrast, the perfect, as in Balochi, is a forward-pointing device, highlighting
what follows.
Indo-European perfects in typological perspective
Authors: Dahl Östen
Published: March 2020

This chapter looks at Indo-European perfects in the light of recent typological research on TAME
(tense-aspect-mood-evidentiality), in particular the work done at the Department of Linguistics at Stockholm University with
the help of massive parallel corpora. The chapter starts with a survey of data sources and methods for multilingual linguistic
research. Parameters of variation among perfects, both within Indo-European and elsewhere, are discussed: negated experiential
uses, universal uses, combinations with definite time adverbials and words like ‘just’. Incipient grammaticalization of words
for ‘already’ in the Indo-European languages is also considered.
Development of deontic modality in Chinese civil laws
Authors: Gong Mingyu , Cheng Winnie , Cheng Le
Published: March 2020

In legislative texts, deontic modality helps define rights, privileges, obligations, and responsibilities. Based
on a corpus of Chinese civil laws from 1949 to 2015, the study investigates the development of deontic modality in Chinese civil
legislative discourse and examines the variations of deontic modality diachronically from a quantitative, functional perspective,
thereby shedding lights on variations of legal text. This study shows that patterns of deontic modality manifest different
features in different stages. The changes of linguistic forms of deontic modality show evidence of the adaptive feature in legal
language. From a quantitative perspective, the study suggests that a corpus-driven approach helps examine the development and
evolution of deontic modality diachronically. It also contributes to an understanding of deontic modality mechanisms by providing
both empirical evidence and theoretical insights.
The freshman swimmer and the intoxicated woman
Authors: Viehbeck Vanessa
Published: March 2020

This article investigates the linguistic manifestations of gender discriminating stereotypes in the news coverage of the 2015 rape case “People v. Turner”. The case centers around a rape perpetrated by Brock Turner on the Stanford University campus in California. Articles from the online edition of theStanford Dailyare systematically analysed with respect to rape-myth consistent argumentation, amount of coverage granted to the perspectives of victim and perpetrator, naming/labelling of victim and perpetrator, and the transitivity choices that were made. All these factors can be identified in the news coverage of the Brock Turner case in one way or another. They result in victim blaming and mitigating perpetrator responsibility serving to show that sexist reporting is still an important issue where serious crimes like rape are concerned. Such linguistic practices re-victimise victims of sexist violence and ultimately contribute to a misogynist discourse and the reproduction and perpetuation of sexist stereotypes.
Communicative problems in Boeing’s advertisement campaign for the combat aircraft Super Hornet
Authors: Kjærbeck Susanne , Nielsen Niels Møller
Published: March 2020

This article focuses on an advertisement campaign run in Danish national newspapers promoting Boeing’s combat aircraft F 18 Super Hornet. The campaign received extensive media attention due to its scale and unconventional methods. On the basis of pragmatic text analysis we describe three features in the advertisements: Genre problems, a controversial depiction of sender and recipient, and problems relating to argumentation. We conclude that (1) the analyzed text is predominantly commercial in intent, although framed as information by a sender position that is partly ambiguous in terms of identity, and (2) the campaign’s main arguments are flawed, since decisive justification is not accessible. Based on the findings, the conclusion suggests that the campaign is best understood as a hybrid between public relations and public affairs.
Instrumental and moral assistance
Authors: Krummheuer Antonia L.
Published: March 2020

The present paper takes an ethnomethodological and conversation analytical perspective on assisted shopping as it is done by a person with acquired brain injury in collaboration with her caregiver. My interest is directed towards the interactional and embodied organization of the situated selecting and decision-making processes, while I am aiming to understand the interactional organization of assistance and agency. The embodied interaction analysis is based on two video-recorded examples in which a caregiver treats the institutional resident’s shopping choice as either unproblematic or undesirable. I will differentiate five phases in which the participants systematically organize the selection process. In these phases, the participants take different roles either as shopper or as assistant caregiver; as to the later, I will distinguish between moral and instrumental assistance. The analysis demonstrates an inherent tension in the assistance during shopping activities, as it is oriented to both the incompetence that justifies the need for assistance and to the interactional construction of a competent and independent shopper.
Government of oneself and others via a Facebook profile
Authors: Mokrzan Michał
Published: March 2020

The thesis of this article is that neoliberal governmentality, rather than means of coercion, uses various means of persuasion and ethical obligation. This is demonstrated by analyzing the discourse of the “Dr Mateusz Grzesiak” Facebook profile. It encourages individuals to utilize personal development techniques and promotes the neoliberal concept of the subject. Thus, this article explores the ideas proposed within studies of governmentality and supplements them with the perspectives offered by rhetoric culture theory. The profile of one of Poland’s most recognizable personal development coaches can be seen as a materialisation of neoliberal governmentality as well as a symbolic system used as an instrument of persuasion. It can be analysed through the dramatistic approach proposed by Kenneth Burke as well as the Aristotelian idea of ethos, Jean Nienkamp’s notions of internal and external rhetoric, and the concept of argumentation by model and example proposed by Chaïm Perelman.
Mitochondrial fragmentation enables localized signaling required for cell repair
Authors: Horn Adam , Raavicharla Shreya , Shah Sonna , Cox Dan , Jaiswal Jyoti K.
Published: April 2020

Plasma membrane injury can cause lethal influx of calcium, but cells survive by mounting a polarized repair response targeted to the wound site. Mitochondrial signaling within seconds after injury enables this response. However, as mitochondria are distributed throughout the cell in an interconnected network, it is unclear how they generate a spatially restricted signal to repair the plasma membrane wound. Here we show that calcium influx and Drp1-mediated, rapid mitochondrial fission at the injury site help polarize the repair response. Fission of injury-proximal mitochondria allows for greater amplitude and duration of calcium increase in these mitochondria, allowing them to generate local redox signaling required for plasma membrane repair. Drp1 knockout cells and patient cells lacking the Drp1 adaptor protein MiD49 fail to undergo injury-triggered mitochondrial fission, preventing polarized mitochondrial calcium increase and plasma membrane repair. Although mitochondrial fission is considered to be an indicator of cell damage and death, our findings identify that mitochondrial fission generates localized signaling required for cell survival.
Gold extraction via cyanide leaching using alkaline-based empty fruit bunch activated carbon
Authors: Shafie Nurul Shahiera , Zaini Nabilah , Ali Nurul Farahanim
Published: April 2020

This research is carried out to extend the knowledge on the modernized method of modifying the physical and structural properties of empty fruit bunches (EFB), a low-cost, highly accessible and abundant agricultural waste in Malaysia, for gold adsorption process. To complete this aim, EFB was modified by using an alkaline-based chemical to improve the surface area, porosity volume and surface chemistry of sorbents. The structure of the empty fruit bunch is characterized by using characterization techniques such as Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The gold solution was prepared by mixing gold with a sodium cyanide solution to undergo a leaching process for 24 hours. The solution was then used for the adsorption experiment. The performance of the alkaline-based EFB-AC to separate gold from the cyanide leaching solution was further studied on the effect of contact time, pH and agitation rate. The gold adsorption capacity achieved by the alkaline-based EFB-AC was measured by calculating the difference between the initial and final gold concentrations using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS). The maximum gold adsorption capacity findings of contact time, pH, and agitation rate were found to be 2.5 hours, pH of 10 and 60 rpm, respectively. This study reveals that the alkaline-based EFB-AC has the potential to extract gold as an alternative activated carbon in the gold adsorption process.
Tailoring amount of TiO2 doped onto fibrous silica ZSM-5 for enhanced photodegradation of paracetamol
Authors: Aziz F F A , Jalil A A , Hitam C N C , Hassan N S , Rahman A F A , Fauzi A A
Published: April 2020

Photocatalytic degradation of paracetamol has received much attention due to its low energy consumption, high efficiency and safety to environment. A simple electrolysis system was used to synthesis a series of titania (1-5 wt%) supported on fibrous silica ZSM-5 (TiO2/FZ). The FESEM images showed the cockscomb-like surface of FZ was preserved even after the addition of TiO2. FTIR results confirmed that TiO2 is successfully incorporated with FZ through the Si-O-Ti bonds. The adsorption edge of TiO2 shifted to the higher wavelength after supported on FZ and lowering the band gap of TiO2. The photodegradation of paracetamol was resulted in the following order: 3 wt% TiO2/FZ (90%) > 5 wt% TiO2/FZ (71%) > 1 wt% TiO2/FZ (65%). 3 wt% TiO2/FZ exhibits excellent photodegradation of paracetamol owing to the highest number of Si-O-Ti bonds and lowest band gap. The result obtained give new insight for other wastewater treatment processes over photodegradation of various pollutants.
Evaluation of Perfluorinated Sulfonic Acid Membranes for Vanadium Redox
Authors: Sha’rani S S , Jusoh N. W. C. , Abouzari-Lotf E , Ahmad A , Ali R R
Published: April 2020

The performance and cost of the membranes have always been crucial for the utilization of electrochemical energy devices. This article presents the properties and the performance of two commercially available and low-cost perfluorinated sulfonic acid membranes of GN115 and GN212C for vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) application in comparison with Nafion117 (N117) membrane. The vanadium (IV) permeability of GN115 membrane was found to be close to N117, unlike GN212C membrane which showed 4 times higher vanadium (IV) permeability than N117 under similar conditions. Both GN115 and GN212C membranes showed isotropic conductivity and higher values than N117. The battery test results indicated that the high coulombic efficiency (CE) and high voltage efficiency (VE) followed the vanadium (IV) permeability and proton conductivity trends. Both membranes revealed outstanding stability in long-term charge-discharge testing under various current densities. The energy efficiency was found to be higher than N117 with values of 76.6% and 76.8% for GN115 and GN212C, respectively. The overall results suggest that both lower-cost membranes have a strong potential for VRFB application as the single-cell performance results were close to N117. The high value of proton conductivity of GN212C membrane compensates its vanadium (IV) permeability leaving reasonable battery performance.
Characteristics and carbon dioxide adsorption performance of amine-impregnated KCC-1 with different loading ratio
Authors: Nasir M S R M , Khairunnisa M P , Jusoh N W C , Jalil A A
Published: April 2020

With our climate condition worsening day by day, the effort to mitigate this effect has been intensified. One of the ways to curb this issue is by reducing the release of carbon dioxide (CO2) to the atmosphere via CO2 capture. Among all the material used for CO2 capture, amine-impregnated porous silica was observed to be a promising adsorbent. Research has shown its potential, but the accessibility issues caused by its narrow pore opening limits its capabilities. KCC-1, the latest member of the porous silica family, possesses unique fibrous morphology that can solve this problem. In this paper, a series of Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA)-impregnated KCC-1 (KCC-1/TEPA) synthesized at three different loading ratios (KCC-1 to TEPA 2:1, 1:1 and 1:2) is reported. Characteristics study was conducted to determine the effect of loading ratio on its properties, and its CO2 adsorption capacity was evaluated. FTIR peaks at 3430 cm−1, 3300 cm−1, 2950 cm−1, 2841 cm−1, 1658 cm−1, 1565 cm−1 and 1465 cm−1 revealed that the impregnation was successful, while XRD diffractogram indicated that KCC-1 structure remained preserved in all impregnated samples. Increased surface area and pore volume reduction was observed with the increase of TEPA-loading ratio. KCC-1/T1:2 reported the highest CO2 adsorption value among all three impregnated sample with 141 mg/g, while KCC-1/T2:1 recorded the lowest (82 mg/g). Results indicated that increasing TEPA loading ratio increases the number of active sites for CO2 to attached, hence lead to increase CO2 capture. Overall, it was shown that amount of CO2 adsorbed is related to the amount of TEPA loaded to the sorbent.
Analysis on Physiochemical Properties of Cellulose Fiber from Rice Straw Waste
Authors: Yusefi Mostafa , Rasit Ali Roshafima Bte , Abdullah Ezzat Chan , Shameli Kamyar
Published: April 2020

Green biobased polymeric membranes are being increasingly studied for different applications. In this study, freeze dried cellulose fiber with 35% yield was isolated from rice straw. The cellulose fiber was obtained through bleaching and delignification of the rice straw waste using soxhlet instrument and facile method of alkali treatment, respectively. The cellulose fiber was analysed through X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), zeta potential analyzer and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Compared to the straw, all physicochemical properties of treated cellulose fiber increased with zeta potential up to -33.61 mV. FTIR revealed that the treatments on the straw was successful to obtain cellulose fiber with high purity. In addition, the morphological study illustrated cellulose fiber with organized structure.
The ineffable tree property and failure of the singular cardinals hypothesis
Authors: Cummings James , Hayut Yair , Magidor Menachem , Neeman Itay , Sinapova Dima , Unger Spencer
Published: April 2020

ITP is a combinatorial principle that is a strengthening of the tree property. For an inaccessible cardinal

κ
\kappa

, ITP at

κ
\kappa

holds if and only if

κ
\kappa

is supercompact. And just like the tree property, it can be forced to hold at accessible cardinals. A broad project is obtaining ITP at many cardinals simultaneously. Past a singular cardinal, this requires failure of SCH. We prove that from large cardinals, it is consistent to have failure of SCH at

κ
\kappa

together with ITP

κ
+

\kappa ^+

. Then we bring down the result to

κ
=

ℵ

ω
2

\kappa =\aleph _{\omega ^2}

.