bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Global, Regional, and National Disease Burden and Prediction Analysis of Colorectal Cancer Attributable to Tobacco, Alcohol, and Obesity From 1990 to 2030
Authors: Deng Yuqi , Wang Yajie , Yang Jinsai , Luo Xinyu , Qiu Jieya , Long Rou , Zhang Chaohui , Li Jiale , Tang Guiyang , Chen Lili , Zuo Jianhong
Published: February 2025

Background

Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks among the highest in incidence and mortality rates globally. A significant portion of Colorectal cancer cases and deaths can be attributed to modifiable risk factors, with smoking, alcohol use, and high body mass index (BMI) being the three most prominent. However, the impact of these risk factors on Colorectal cancer across regions, genders, and age groups remains insufficiently characterized.

Methods

Utilizing data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2019, restrictive cubic splines (RCS) and quantile regression analyses are applied to explore the relationship between the Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) and ASMR or ASDR. Additionally, gender differences, changes across different SDI levels, and age group trends in smoking, alcohol use, and high BMI over the 30-year period are analyzed. The Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) model is employed to predict mortality trends from 2020 to 2030, aiming to explore the epidemiological and sociodemographic transitions in the Colorectal cancer disease burden attributed to smoking, alcohol use, and high BMI.

Results

In 2019, the number of colorectal cancer deaths globally attributable to risk factors as smoking, alcohol consumption, and obesity increased to 142,931, 52,495, and 85,882 cases respectively, collectively accounting for approximately one-third of all Colorectal cancer-related deaths. Notably, there is an upward trend in early-onset Colorectal cancer mortality associated with these factors.

Discussion

To reduce the burden of Colorectal cancer, it is recommended to enhance health education, promote smoking cessation and alcohol moderation, and increase the coverage and participation in Colorectal cancer screening, which are crucial for lowering Colorectal cancer mortality rates. These findings are vital for the development of public health policies and intervention measures to reduce the global disease burden. They provide guidance for Colorectal cancer prevention across different regions, genders, and age groups worldwide.
Mitochondria-associated non-coding RNAs and their impact on drug resistance
Authors: An Xingna , Sun Lina , Zheng Huan , Xiao Yinghui , Sun Weixia , Yu Dehai
Published: February 2025

Drug resistance is a prevalent challenge in clinical disease treatment, often leading to disease relapse and poor prognosis. Therefore, it is crucial to gain a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying drug resistance and to develop targeted strategies for its effective prevention and management. Mitochondria, as vital energy-producing organelles within cells, have been recognized as key regulators of drug sensitivity. Processes such as mitochondrial fission, fusion, mitophagy, changes in membrane potential, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) are all linked to drug sensitivity. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) enriched in mitochondria (mtncRNA), whether transcribed from mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) or from the nucleus and transported to mitochondria, can regulate the transcription and translation of mtDNA, thus influencing mitochondrial function, including mitochondrial substance exchange and energy metabolism. This, in turn, directly or indirectly affects cellular sensitivity to drugs. This review summarizes the types of mtncRNAs associated with drug resistance and the molecular mechanisms regulating drug resistance. Our aim is to provide insights and strategies for overcoming drug resistance by modulating mtncRNAs.
Gentiopicroside targeting AKT1 activates HIF-1α/VEGF axis promoting diabetic ulcer wound healing
Authors: Wang Xinxia , Liu Mingyan , Wu Yao , Sun Jianguo , Liu Li , Pan Zheng
Published: February 2025

Backgound

Gentiopicroside (GSP) have been proven to accelerate the healing of diabetic ulcers (DU), but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to explore the mechanism by which GSP accelerates the healing of DU.

Method

The targets of GSP were firstly predicted using the SuperPred, SwissTargetPrediction, and Pharmmapper databases; DU-related transcriptome data were obtained from the GEO database, including GSE147890, GSE68183, and GSE199939; differential expression analysis was conducted using the Limma package, and DU-related targets were identified after summarization and de-duplication. Then, Potential targets for GSP treatment of DU were screened by Venn analysis; core targets for GSP treatment of DU were selected by constructing a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network; the mechanism of GSP treatment of DU was predicted by GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. Finally, the target binding of GSP to core targets was evaluated by molecular docking and CETSA assay, and in vitro experiments were conducted using L929 cells to validate the findings.

Result

A total of 538 targets of GSP and 10795 DU-related targets were predicted; Venn analysis identified 215 potential targets for GSP to accelerate DU wound healing; PPI network analysis suggested that AKT1 may be core targets for GSP treatment of DU; GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that pathways such as HIF-1 and VEGF are closely related to the treatment of DU with GSP, and it also participates in the regulation of various biological processes such as small molecule catabolism and leukocyte migration to exert its therapeutic effect on DU. Molecular docking and CETSA detection indicated that GSP can target bind to AKT1. The experimental results confirmed that GSP can significantly promote the proliferation and migration of L929 cells. Westen Blot results showed that GSP can accelerate DU wound healing via AKT1/HIF-1α/VEGF axis.

Conclusion

GSP target binding to AKT1 accelerates DU wound healing via the regulation of HIF-1α/VEGF axis.
Acetate and propionate vs. iTBS as a novel method for cognitive dysfunction and anxiety symptoms in delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning rat
Authors: Meng Tianyu , Zhang Xin , Zhao Jili , Xue Hui , Yu Lehua
Published: February 2025

Background

The optimal treatment methods for delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning (DEACMP) were not identified. Thus, this study was conducted to compare the efficacies of intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in treating cognitive dysfunction and anxiety symptoms of DEACMP rat.

Methods

In phase I, a DEACMP rat model was built to assess the inflammation levels in the hippocampus and levels of SCFAs in the serum of DEACMP rats. In phase II, DEACMP rats were randomly assigned into four groups: DEACMP + placebo, DEACMP + SCFAs, DEACMP + sham iTBS, and DEACMP + iTBS. The intervention was continued for 2 weeks. A Morris water maze and open field tests were used to assess cognitive function and anxiety symptoms, respectively.

Results

The levels of three inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) and two SCFAs (acetate and propionate) were significantly increased and decreased, respectively, in DEACMP rats. After treatment, cognitive dysfunction and anxiety symptoms were significantly improved in the DEACMP + iTBS group and the DEACMP + SCFAs (consisting of acetate and propionate) group. Both SCFAs and iTBS could significantly improve the increased levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the hippocampus, and SCFAs could also improve the decreased levels of GPR41, GPR43, dopamine, and norepinephrine in the hippocampus of DEACMP rats.

Conclusion

These results indicate that both iTBS and SCFA solutions consisting of acetate and propionate produced good effects on DEACMP rats by regulating inflammation levels in the hippocampus, and acetate/propionate–GPR41/GPR43–IL-1β/IL-6/TNF-α–dopamine/norepinephrine may be a potential pathway in SCFAs for the treatment of DEACMP.
Myositis of pterygoid muscles and superior ophthalmic vein and cavernous sinus thrombosis in active Crohn’s disease undergoing ustekinumab treatment: a case report and literature review
Authors: Winters Robbe , Kaut Sara , Govaerts Dries , De Poortere Aaron , Mombaerts Ilse , Hoffman Ilse , Willaert Robin , van Hoeve Karen
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Myositis is a rare extra-intestinal presentation in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), and its occurrence has only been described in a few case reports. However, it is essential to consider other potential causes as patients with IBD are more susceptible to infections due to their immunocompromised status, which may also be exacerbated by immunosuppressive drugs contributing to myositis. Our case highlights the complexity and challenges in diagnosing and managing myositis in patients with IBD as well as a review of the literature.

Case report

We report the case of a 17-year-old girl with active Crohn’s disease (CD) undergoing ustekinumab (UST) treatment. She presented with sudden onset of pain and rapid progressive swelling of both jaws, along with eyelid swelling, blurred vision, and diplopia. Radiologic imaging revealed myositis affecting the pterygoid muscles, combined with thrombosis of the left superior ophthalmic vein and (partially) of the left cavernous sinus. Symptoms resolved completely after stopping UST treatment and initiating corticosteroids and enoxaparine.

Discussion

Our report accounts for the second patient described in literature with myositis associated with CD while being treated with UST. The causal factor remains speculative, as both active CD and UST treatment may contribute to this complication. Sharing clinical experiences and reporting possible adverse events to regulatory agencies can enhance our understanding of rare complications and improve patient outcomes by providing therapeutic strategies.
Microbiota and metabolomic profiling coupled with machine learning to identify biomarkers and drug targets in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Liu Junsong , Xu Chongwen , Wang Rui , Huang Jianhua , Zhao Ruimin , Wang Rui
Published: February 2025

Background

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a prevalent malignancy in certain regions, with radiotherapy as the standard treatment. However, resistance to radiotherapy remains a critical challenge, necessitating the identification of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The tumor-associated microbiota and metabolites have emerged as potential modulators of radiotherapy outcomes.

Methods

This study included 22 NPC patients stratified into radiotherapy-responsive (R, n = 12) and radiotherapy-non-responsive (NR, n = 10) groups. Tumor tissue and fecal samples were subjected to 16S rRNA sequencing to profile microbiota composition and targeted metabolomics to quantify short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The XGBoost algorithm was applied to identify microbial taxa associated with radiotherapy response, and quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to validate key findings. Statistical analyses were conducted to assess differences in microbial diversity, relative abundance, and metabolite levels between the groups.

Results

Significant differences in alpha diversity at the species level were observed between the R and NR groups. Bacteroides acidifaciens was enriched in the NR group, while Propionibacterium acnes and Clostridium magna were more abundant in the R group. Machine learning identified Acidosoma, Propionibacterium acnes, and Clostridium magna as key predictors of radiotherapy response. Metabolomic profiling revealed elevated acetate levels in the NR group, implicating its role in tumor growth and immune evasion. Validation via qPCR confirmed the differential abundance of these microbial taxa in both tumor tissue and fecal samples.

Discussion

Our findings highlight the interplay between microbiota and metabolite profiles in influencing radiotherapy outcomes in NPC. These results suggest that targeting the microbiota-metabolite axis may enhance radiotherapy efficacy in NPC.
Innovation network, knowledge spillover, and urban green economic performance
Authors: Zhao Dan , Tang Chenghui , Huang Xiaolin
Published: February 2025

With the development of transport and information technology (IT), urban innovation linkages are becoming increasingly close and are key factors in regional economic growth. Despite previous studies analyzing urban network characteristics, structures, and factors that influence them, there has been little exploration of their socioeconomic effects. Based on unique patent transaction data, this study analyzes the spatiotemporal evolution of urban innovation networks and their impacts and internal mechanisms on regional green total factor productivity (GTFP) using social network analysis, data envelopment analysis, and a negative binomial model. It was found that (1) the enhancement of intercity innovation linkages and their networked development have significantly improved urban GTFP and the innovation network’s embeddedness helps obtain network externalities to improve urban GTFP. (2) The innovation network promotes inter-regional production factor flow and optimal allocation and generates knowledge spillover effects to improve green technology innovation capacity, thus improving urban GTFP. (3) Spatial heterogeneity exists in the impact of the innovation network on the GTFP of different regions and economically developed big cities by gathering more innovation resources, forming closer innovation links, improving the level of green technology innovation and production efficiency, and contributing to urban GTFP. Economically developed big cities can have more innovation resources and form closer innovation links, improve green technology innovation and production efficiency, and have a stronger promotional effect on improving urban GTFP.
Increasing jute (Corchorus olitorius L.) fiber yield through hybridization and combining ability studies to break the yield plateau
Authors: Chourasia Kumar Nishant , Meena Jitendra Kumar , Bhowmick Rakesh , Mangal Vikas , Arroju Anil Kumar , R Thribhuvan , Kar Chandan Sourav , Bera Amit , Satya Pratik , Mitra Jiban , Kar Gouranga
Published: February 2025

The growing global demand and shift from synthetic to natural fibers highlight the need to overcome the yield plateau in jute production. Despite being a sustainable alternative to plastic, jute faces declining cultivation, making yield improvement crucial to meet increasing demand. In this direction, the study was designed to explore hybridization and combining ability to improve the genetic yield potential of jute. Using a diallel mating design, 90 hybrid combinations were evaluated along with 10 parental lines, focusing on traits such as fiber yield, plant height, basal diameter, stick weight, and green biomass. The investigation revealed JROBA 3 and JBO 1 as the most effective general combiners, highlighting their significant potential as parents to produce outstanding hybrids and generate good transgressive segregants. Among the tested hybrids, JROBA 3 × JRO 2407 was found to have very high specific combining ability (SCA), yielding 24.42% more than the national check variety, JRO 204. A correlation study was also conducted, revealing that stick weight had a strong positive correlation with fiber yield, highlighting it as a key factor in selecting high-yielding hybrids. This study also identified the hybrid JROBA 3 x JBO 1 which exhibited an 18% biomass yield advantage over the national check variety. Positive mid-parent heterosis and better-parent heterosis were observed in hybrids, further demonstrating the effectiveness of hybridization in jute breeding. Parent genetic diversity was characterized using intron-length polymorphism markers. Molecular diversity analysis categorized the varieties into two distinct clusters, suggesting possible avenues for integrating improved features into future jute types. This study has established the fact that heterosis breeding can efficiently improve fiber productivity through the involvement of non-additive gene action. The application of heterosis breeding to improve jute production presents a significant opportunity for breeders, aligning well with sustainable development goals and promoting the use of biodegradable fiber alternatives.
The impact of a PERMA model-based positive psychology intervention on fear of stroke recurrence: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Luo Yanfang , Su Zhenzhen , Zhu Lingyun , Huang Yujuan , Liu Zhimin , Dechen Wangmo , Xu Bo , Gao Xinyu , Chen Yuping , Qiu Yuyu , Hao Jianru
Published: February 2025

Introduction

This study aimed to examine the effects of a positive psychological intervention, grounded in the PERMA model, on fear levels, psychological capital, overall well-being, and quality of life among stroke patients.

Methods

A single-blind, two-arm randomized controlled trial with a repeated measures design was conducted at the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University from January to December 2023. A total of 125 patients experiencing fear of stroke recurrence were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n = 63), which received a positive psychological intervention based on the PERMA model, or the control group (n = 62), which received standard care. We assessed fear levels, psychological capital, well-being, and quality of life at baseline (T0), on the day of discharge (T1), 2 weeks post-discharge (T2), and 4 weeks post-discharge (T3). The scores of the two groups were compared post-intervention using the Generalized Estimation Equation (GEE) model to analyze the effects of time, group membership, and their interaction.

Results

The intervention group showed statistically significant improvements compared to the control group, including reduced fear levels (T2: t = −2.094, p = 0.038; T3: t = −2.207, p = 0.029), increased psychological capital (T2: t = 2.053, p = 0.042; T3: t = 2.820, p = 0.006), enhanced well-being (T2: t = 2.037, p = 0.044; T3: t = 2.761, p = 0.007), and better quality of life (T2: t = 2.083, p = 0.039; T3: t = 2.453, p = 0.016) at both T2 and T3. Additionally, significant time-related changes were observed in fear levels, psychological capital, well-being, and quality of life (χ2 = 45.275, p < 0.001; χ2 = 37.848, p < 0.001; χ2 = 48.255, p < 0.001; χ2 = 34.231, p < 0.001, respectively). Notably, the interaction effects were statistically significant for well-being (p < 0.05).

Discussion

The PERMA-based intervention had a short-term positive effect, reducing fear levels while enhancing psychological capital, well-being, and quality of life among stroke patients.

Clinical Trial Registration

https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=230313.
Further validation of the Chinese short Warwick Edinburgh mental wellbeing scale in the adult population of Macau: an application of classic test theory and item response theory
Authors: Lam Lawrence T. , Lam Mary K.
Published: February 2025

Background

This study aims to validate the Chinese version of the Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (SWEMWBS) by employing both Classical Test Theory (CTT) and Item Response Theory (IRT) approaches.

Methods

Data were gathered through a population-based, cross-sectional health survey using an online self-reported questionnaire. The scale underwent Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Measurement invariance by gender was assessed using standard procedures. The Grade Response Model (GRM) of the IRT analysis was applied to the data, estimating the discrimination and difficulty parameters at different thresholds. The results were analyzed both graphically and through parameter values.

Results

Factor analyses confirmed that a single-factor model of the scale fit the data well, with an overall Eigenvalue of 4.55, explaining 65.0% of the total variance. Model fit statistics were slightly better for males than for females. Measurement invariance examinations also yielded satisfactory Goodness-of-Fit statistics (CFI = 0.940, TFI = 0.910, RMSEA < 0.001) with minimal changes in item loadings and indicator threshold patterns across groups. The IRT results demonstrated high discrimination parameters, ranging from 2.17 to 3.67, and nearly evenly distributed difficulty parameters, ranging from -2.23 to 1.77. Graphical examinations indicated good performance of the scale across the latent trait continuum.

Conclusions

The results indicated that, as a single-factor scale, the instrument exhibits good quality at both the scale and item levels. It has high discriminative power and an adequate response set for assessing a full range of the latent trait, namely mental well-being.
Predicting satisfaction with vocational status among people with serious mental illness in vocational services: the role of perceived skills and support
Authors: Hoter Ishay Gili , Goldzweig Gil , Hasson-Ohayon Ilanit , Gelkopf Marc , Shadmi Efrat , Roe David
Published: February 2025

Background

This study aimed to explore the role of perceived skills and support in satisfaction with vocational status to better address the vocational needs and recovery goals of individuals with serious mental illness (SMI). It focuses on three service types: individual placement and support (IPS), sheltered workshops, and vocational support centers.

Method

The study is a cross-sectional analysis of the nationwide Israeli PR-PROM project data. A sample of 2,968 participants diagnosed with SMI and their service providers self-reported their perceived skills, support, and satisfaction with vocational status.

Results

We found perceived skills and support to be primary predictors of vocational satisfaction across all groups. There were significant differences in satisfaction with vocational status among the three service types: IPS users reported higher satisfaction than sheltered workshop and vocational support center users. The service-provider evaluations reflected similar trends, with higher satisfaction ratings for more integrative services. Additionally, discrepancies were observed between participant and provider satisfaction ratings, varying by vocational service type.

Discussion

The study highlights the importance of perceived skills and support in enhancing satisfaction with vocational status for people with SMI regardless of the vocational service type. Whereas objective factors like employment status and salary contribute to vocational rehabilitation and quality of life, subjective perceptions of skills and support play a significant role in satisfaction with vocational status. The results suggest that vocational rehabilitation services should monitor consumers’ perceptions of skills and support to improve their vocational satisfaction, which can promote personal well-being and social integration.
A global survey about undiagnosed rare diseases: perspectives, challenges, and solutions
Authors: Baldovino Simone , Sciascia Savino , Carta Claudio , Salvatore Marco , Cellai Laura L. , Ferrari Gianluca , Lumaka Aimé , Groft Stephen , Alanay Yasemin , Azam Maleeha , Baynam Gareth , Cederroth Helene , la Paz Eva Maria Cutiongco-de , Dissanayake Vajira Harshadeva Weerabaddana , Giugliani Roberto , Gonzaga-Jauregui Claudia , Hettiarachchi Dineshani , Kvlividze Oleg , Landoure Guida , Makay Prince , Melegh Béla , Ozbek Ugur , Pagava Karaman , Puri Ratna Dua , Romero Vaness I. , Scaria Vinod , Jamuar Saumya S. , Shotelersuk Vorasuk , Roccatello Dario , Gahl William A. , Wiafe Samuel A. , Bodamer Olaf , Posada Manuel , Taruscio Domenica
Published: February 2025

Background

Undiagnosed rare diseases (URDs) are a complex and multifaceted challenge, especially in low-and medium-income countries. They affect individuals with unique clinical features and lack a clear diagnostic label. Although the Undiagnosed Diseases Network International (UDNI) definition of URDs is not universally accepted, it is widely recognized.

Methods

We surveyed UDNI members and participants from other countries to explore the challenges posed by URDs and identify possible solutions. Participation in the survey was completely voluntary.

Results

The survey revealed a need for more consensus on a universally accepted definition for URDs. Still, the UDNI definition gained widespread recognition and serves as a valuable framework for understanding and addressing the challenges of URDs. In addition to national or international networks, fostering a more substantial engagement and resource-sharing ethos among member countries is critical. Despite advances in genomics and diagnostic tools, the diagnostic journey for people living with URDs (PLURDs) remains arduous and often inconclusive. The availability of specialized centers and the utilization of whole exome sequencing (WES) and whole genome sequencing (WGS) vary across countries, with disparities due to healthcare systems, economic status, and government policies. Advocacy groups play a crucial role in supporting PLURDs.

Conclusion

A unified commitment to prioritizing URDs on the global health agenda, paired with targeted funding, stipulated national strategies, and aligned international cooperation, is imperative to leveling the playing field for the diagnosis and management of URDs and capitalizing on the potential of Advocacy Groups as allies in this endeavor.
Healthcare workers’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices on catheter-associated UTI prevention: influencing factors in an OB/GYN hospital
Authors: Qu Fei , Pang Yanyu , Wang Mei , Liu Xiaojie , Wang Jing , Li Li
Published: February 2025

Background

Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) is a leading cause of hospital-acquired infections globally, with a high prevalence in China, especially in high-risk settings like intensive care and post-operative environments. These infections are influenced by factors such as patient volume, healthcare worker training, and adherence to infection control protocols. Shanghai, as a major healthcare hub, faces unique challenges in CAUTI prevention. Healthcare workers’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) play a crucial role in infection control, yet research on factors affecting KAP in obstetrics and gynecology remains limited. The unique patient population and specialized care protocols in these departments present specific challenges, emphasizing the need for deeper insights to enhance prevention strategies.

Objective

The objective was to investigate the KAP scores of healthcare workers in an OB/GYN hospital regarding CAUTI prevention and to identify the factors influencing the scores. The ultimate aim is to provide evidence for improving targeted training programs and infection control measures.

Methods and participants

A cross-sectional study was conducted in an OB/GYN hospital in Shanghai, China. A total of 327 healthcare workers from various departments completed a self-administered questionnaire assessing the KAP scores related to CAUTI prevention. The questionnaire also gathered data on demographic and professional characteristics, CAUTI training frequency, leadership emphasis on infection control, and other relevant factors. Data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analyses to identify factors significantly influencing KAP scores.

Results

Doctors scored higher than nurses in the knowledge dimension (p < 0.001), and increased training frequency was significantly associated with higher knowledge scores (p for trend < 0.001). In terms of attitudes, a longer duration of service, more frequent training, and stronger leadership emphasis were all significantly associated with more positive attitudes toward CAUTI prevention (p for trend < 0.001). Strong leadership emphasis on CAUTI prevention was also linked to improved practices (p for trend < 0.001). The multivariate analysis confirmed that factors such as professional role (doctor vs. nurse), years of service, the role of a clinical instructor, the degree of leadership emphasis, training frequency significantly influenced the scores across various KAP dimensions.

Conclusion

Healthcare workers’ KAP scores toward CAUTI prevention are influenced by factors such as professional role, experience, clinical instruction, leadership emphasis, and training frequency. Tailored, role-specific training and active leadership involvement are essential to improving infection control and reducing CAUTI incidence.
The impact of temperature changes on the health vulnerability of migrant workers: an empirical study based on the China family panel studies
Authors: Liang Ting , Ai Zilin , Zhong Hui , Xiao Mengyan , Xie Mengzhou , Liang Xiaoli , Li Liang
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Migrant workers constitute a significant portion of China’s workforce, and their health directly affects labor supply and economic stability. Health vulnerability plays a crucial role in shaping the well-being of migrant workers, yet its determinants, particularly the impact of temperature change, remain underexplored. This study, based on the socio-ecological model, investigates how temperature variations influence the health vulnerability of migrant workers in China.

Methods

Using data from 2020, this study quantifies health vulnerability and examines the impact of temperature fluctuations across different seasons. Robustness checks, including dependent variable substitutions and model modifications, ensure the reliability of the findings. Furthermore, a mechanism analysis is conducted to explore the underlying pathways through which temperature change affects health vulnerability.

Results

The findings reveal that rising temperatures in spring, summer, and winter significantly exacerbate the health vulnerability of migrant workers, while increasing autumn temperatures mitigate it. Mechanism analysis identifies heightened psychological burden as a key channel through which temperature change worsens health vulnerability. Additionally, generational differences emerge: older migrant workers are more adversely affected by elevated spring temperatures, whereas younger workers exhibit greater sensitivity to rising summer temperatures.

Discussion

These results underscore the necessity of targeted health interventions and adaptive labor protection policies. By highlighting the seasonal and generational disparities in the effects of temperature change, this study offers theoretical and empirical support for enhancing the resilience of migrant workers to climate variations. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers in designing strategies to safeguard the health and stability of the migrant workforce.
Early functional proprioceptive stimulation in high spinal cord injury: a pilot study
Authors: Martinache Florence , de Crouy Anne-Claire , Boutin Arnaud , Duranteau Jacques , Vigué Bernard
Published: February 2025

Introduction

The first months following a spinal cord injury (SCI) are crucial for promoting recovery. However, patients with high SCIs often require prolonged stays in intensive care units (ICUs), delaying optimal rehabilitation due to limited resources. This study examined the safety, feasibility, and effects on spasticity and muscle atrophy of an early rehabilitation technique using non-invasive sensory stimulation and called functional proprioceptive stimulation (FPS).

Materials and methods

Ten SCI patients were included in this randomized pilot study, with five receiving early FPS and five receiving sham stimulation. Both groups were treated using the Vibramoov, consisting of 12 computer-synchronized vibrators placed on the lower limbs. Treatment sessions lasted 30 min, four times a week, for up to 8 weeks. Spasticity was assessed using the Modified Ashworth Scale, Tardieu Scale, Spinal Cord Assessment Tool for Spastic Reflexes, and a patient self-evaluation with a visual analog scale. Muscle atrophy was evaluated through ultrasonography of rectus femoris thickness and cross-sectional area. The duration of the follow-up period ranged from 6 months to 1 year.

Results

Treatment began early, with a median of 4 days post-injury for both groups. The number of adverse events was similar between groups, with none linked to the intervention. No medium-term effects on spasticity or muscle atrophy could be identified. However, our results show a tendency toward a beneficial short-term effect of FPS on spasticity, observed for all spasticity measurements.

Discussion

This pilot study shows that early FPS is feasible and safe for SCI as early as the intensive care unit stage. We demonstrated that FPS induced a transient relaxation and spasticity reduction that could potentially enhance a rehabilitation session administered shortly after it, but larger studies are needed to determine the medium and long-term effects.

Clinical Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier (NCT05094752)
Acquired von Willebrand disease associated with smoldering multiple myeloma and hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia successfully treated with daratumumab, pomalidomide, and dexamethasone: hitting three birds with one stone? – case report
Authors: Amaeshi Lemchukwu , Poston Jacqueline N. , Gergi Mansour
Published: February 2025

Acquired von Willebrand disease (AvWD) is a rare bleeding disorder that results from a structural or functional defect of von Willebrand factor. AvWD is often associated with a variety of underlying diseases, most frequently lymphoproliferative, myeloproliferative, and cardiovascular disorders. In this report, we present a unique case of a patient presenting with AvWD secondary to smoldering myeloma (SMM) but also found to have hereditary telangiectasias (HHT). While AvWD is not part of the defining criteria for a diagnosis of myeloma in patients with SMM, aggressive anti-myeloma treatment in this case led to a complete resolution of the bleeding disorder. Interestingly, since pomalidomide is an effective agent in HHT, a pomalidomide-based treatment was able to manage all 3 of the patient’s hematologic disorders. This case adds to the body of literature supporting the efficacy of aggressive antimyeloma therapy as a definitive treatment in monoclonal gammopathy-associated AvWD and presents an alternative option to traditional supportive therapy, especially in patients with persistent bleeding.
Cost and affordability of the food basket in the Republic of Moldova
Authors: Siminiuc Rodica , Țurcanu Dinu , Siminiuc Sergiu
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Food and nutrition security remain among humanity's most urgent challenges, with 23.5% of Moldova's population experiencing food insecurity. Despite the critical nature of this issue, national-level research on nutritional security remains scarce. This study aims to evaluate the cost and accessibility of minimum consumption and healthy food baskets in Moldova to better understand affordability constraints and inform policy interventions.

Methods

The study assesses the cost and affordability of food baskets by calculating their cost as a proportion of the country's minimal subsistence amount and evaluating affordability using the International Poverty Line (IPL) criterion. The analysis focuses on two key food baskets: the Minimum Consumption Food Basket (MCFB) and the Healthy Food Basket (HFB).

Results

Findings indicate that ~52% of the population lacks access to the MCFB, while 78.6% cannot afford the HFB without reallocating non-food expenses. Affordability gaps were most pronounced among lower-income households, highlighting significant vulnerabilities within specific socio-demographic groups.

Discussion

These results underscore the urgent need for policies addressing food affordability and accessibility in Moldova. Strengthening national strategies to align with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2 (Zero Hunger) and 3 (Good Health and Wellbeing) could help mitigate food insecurity risks. By addressing affordability gaps and ensuring equitable access to nutritious food, these strategies can support national development priorities and enhance food security resilience.
Supply and demand flow patterns and optimization of food ecosystem services in China’s Yangtze River Delta
Authors: Qiu Xiaoling , Wang Xinmei , Wang Zeni , He Wei
Published: February 2025

Clarifying the relationship between the supply and demand of food ecosystem services and portraying the pattern of supply and demand flows are significant for regional ecological management and food security. The minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) model was used to simulate the trend of resource flows under conventional spillover effects and construct the regional food ecosystem service flow pattern. Then, based on the supply–demand matching dimension using the Bayesian belief network, the optimization areas were identified, and the corresponding optimization strategies were proposed. The results showed the following: (1) the spatial heterogeneity of regional food ecosystem services supply and demand was strong. The supply areas were widely distributed in the western and northern regions, while the demand areas were clustered in the eastern and southern coastal regions. (2) The flow pattern of regional food ecosystem services was mainly composed of 187 service flows centered around the Pudong New Area and other places, with flows ranging from 1,134 to 20,000 t. Shanghai, Hangzhou, and Nanjing were the main inflows, while Nantong and Xuancheng emerged as important outflows of food ecosystem services. Additionally, Zhejiang Province had the most frequent internal movements, while Jiangsu Province had the largest flow of food ecosystem services. (3) From the perspective of matching supply and demand, there were obvious spatial differences between important optimization areas and sub-optimization areas. The former was concentrated in the southern region, while the latter was continuously distributed in the western part of the study area. In the future, regional production potential should be further explored to enhance the supply capacity of food ecosystem services. The research methodology can effectively portray regional food ecosystem service flow patterns and identify priority areas for optimization, which can provide scientific guidance for ecosystem service management and food security.
Integrated microbiome and metabolomics analysis reveals the alleviating effect of Pediococcus acidilactici on colitis
Authors: Wu Lulu , Xue Lixun , Ding Xin , Jiang Huyan , Zhang Ranran , Zheng Aifang , Zu Yuan , Tan Shuaishuai , Wang Xin , Liu Zhigang
Published: February 2025

Colitis is a complicated disease caused by multiple factors, seriously threatening the host health and the development of animal husbandry. Probiotics have been demonstrate to participate in the active regulation of multiple gastrointestinal disease, gut microbiota and metabolism, but research on the efficacy of Pediococcus acidilactici isolated from dogs in alleviating colitis remains scarce. Here, we aimed to investigate the ameliorative effects of Pediococcus acidilactici isolated from dogs on colitis induced by LPS and its underlying molecular mechanisms. For this purpose, we collected colon contents from 15 mice for amplicon sequencing and metabolic analysis. Results showed that Pediococcus acidilactici could relieve the colon damage and cytokine disorder caused by colitis. Microbiome analysis showed that colitis could cause a significant decrease in the gut microbial diversity and abundance, but Pediococcus acidilactici administration could restore the microbial index to the control level. Metabolomics analysis showed that 8 metabolic pathways and 5 (spermine, L-Arginine, 15-Deoxy-Delta12,14-PGJ2, prostaglandin J2, and 15(S)-HETE) metabolites may be involved in the alleviation of colitis by Pediococcus acidilactici. In summary, these findings demonstrated that the positive regulation effect of Pediococcus acidilactici on gut microbiota and metabolism may be one of its underlying mechanisms to alleviate colitis. Additionally, this study also conveyed a vital message that Pediococcus acidilactici isolated from dogs may serve as a promising candidate to ameliorate Pediococcus acidilactici.
CT- and MRI-based volumetry for Chiari-like malformation and syringomyelia in Pomeranians
Authors: Santifort Koen M. , Carrera Ines , Mandigers Paul J. J.
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Volumetric studies in relation to CM/SM have not been reported in Pomeranians. In this study, we aim to (1) report the intermodality agreement between CT- and MRI-based volumetric measurements of the skull and cervical spinal canal, and (2) assess for differences and associations between the volumetric measurements and CM/SM status.

Methods

Pomeranians were included that underwent CT and MRI studies during the period of February 2022–June 2024. Frontal sinus volume (FSV), caudal cranial fossa volume (CCFV), rostral and middle cranial fossa volume (RMCFV), caudal cranial fossa parenchymal volume (CCFPV), rostral and middle cranial fossa parenchymal volume (RMCFPV), cerebellar parenchymal volume (CPV), brain stem parenchymal volume (BSPV), ventricular system volume (VSV), and spinal canal volume between C1-C7 (CSCV) were measured. CCFV to RMCFV volume index (VI) and CCFPV to CCFV (CCFPV%) were calculated. Agreement between MRI- and CT-based quantitative measurements was assessed with intraclass correlation coefficients. Inferential statistical tests including logistic regression modeling were performed to assess for associations between variables and CM/SM status.

Results

For all volumetric assessments that were performed on both CT and MRI, agreement was good or excellent. There were significant differences between SM normal and abnormal dogs for body weight as well as all volumetric parameters except for CCFPV% and RMCFV. Multiple logistic regression showed that a smaller CCFV and larger VSV were associated with SM.

Conclusion

Smaller CCFV and larger VSV are associated with the development of SM in Pomeranians and have increased odds of SM.
A Detection Method for Sweet Potato Leaf Spot Disease and Leaf-Eating Pests
Authors: Xu Kang , Hou Yan , Sun Wenbin , Chen Dongquan , Lv Danyang , Xing Jiejie , Yang Ranbing
Published: February 2025

Traditional sweet potato disease and pest detection methods have the limitations of low efficiency, poor accuracy and manual dependence, while deep learning-based target detection can achieve an efficient and accurate detection. This paper proposed an efficient sweet potato leaf disease and pest detection method SPLDPvB, as well as a low-complexity version SPLDPvT, to achieve accurate identification of sweet potato leaf spots and pests, such as hawk moth and wheat moth. First, a residual module containing three depthwise separable convolutional layers and a skip connection was proposed to effectively retain key feature information. Then, an efficient feature extraction module integrating the residual module and the attention mechanism was designed to significantly improve the feature extraction capability. Finally, in the model architecture, only the structure of the backbone network and the decoupling head combination was retained, and the traditional backbone network was replaced by an efficient feature extraction module, which greatly reduced the model complexity. The experimental results showed that the mAP0.5 and mAP0.5:0.95 of the proposed SPLDPvB model were 88.7% and 74.6%, respectively, and the number of parameters and the amount of calculation were 1.1 M and 7.7 G, respectively. Compared with YOLOv11S, mAP0.5 and mAP0.5:0.95 increased by 2.3% and 2.8%, respectively, and the number of parameters and the amount of calculation were reduced by 88.2% and 63.8%, respectively. The proposed model achieves higher detection accuracy with significantly reduced complexity, demonstrating excellent performance in detecting sweet potato leaf pests and diseases. This method realizes the automatic detection of sweet potato leaf pests and diseases and provides technical guidance for the accurate identification and spraying of pests and diseases.
Hydroxychalcones as Herbicides
Authors: Garrido Raphael , Dayan Franck , Ozanique Patrick , Regasini Luis , Kolb Rosana
Published: February 2025

Efforts to develop weed management alternatives are urgently required due to various challenges, such as declining crop yields, rising production costs, and the growing prevalence of herbicide-resistant weed species. Chalcones occur in nature and have phytotoxic potential and concise synthesis; additionally, they are multifunctional, with diverse biomolecular targets and a broad spectrum of biological activities. This study sought to assess the herbicidal potential of 3′-hydroxychalcones against weed species under laboratory conditions. Their effects were investigated using germination bioassays, early growth measurements, and the seedling vigor index, all prepared with a concentration of 1 × 10−3 mol L−1 3′-hydroxychalcones. 3′-Hydroxy-4-pyridyl-chalcone caused the greatest inhibition (81%) of the seedling length in Urochloa decumbens. Other 3′-hydroxychalcones also caused large initial growth reductions, such as 3′-hydroxy-4-pyridyl-chalcone (75%) and 3′-hydroxy-4-nitrochalcone (68%) in Digitaria insularis and 3′-hydroxy-4-bromochalcone (73%) in Raphanus raphanistrum. The greatest reduction in the seedling vigor index was 81% in D. insularis treated with the 3′-hydroxy-4-bromochalcone. The same 3′-hydroxychalcone caused an 80% reduction in Amaranthus viridis. In conclusion, 3′-hydroxychalcones exhibit herbicidal activity, suggesting they could serve as a solution for future weed management strategies.
First Report of Drought-Tolerant Halobacteria Associated with Agave potatorum Zucc
Authors: Hernández-Canseco Jessie , Bautista-Cruz Angélica , Rincón-Enríquez Gabriel , García-Sánchez Edgar , Aquino-Bolaños Teodulfo
Published: February 2025

The rhizosphere microbiota of arid plants plays a crucial role in adaptation to environmental stress. However, few studies have characterized microorganisms associated with Agave species and their contribution to resilience against salinity and drought. This study aimed to isolate and characterize halotolerant bacteria from the rhizosphere of Agave potatorum Zucc from two different sites and evaluate their in vitro Na+ sequestration, desiccation resistance, and phytohormone production. These traits were compared with those of halotolerant bacteria isolated from a highly saline soil at a third site. Bacteria were obtained through serial dilutions and cultured on R2A plates supplemented with varying NaCl concentrations. The most efficient Na+-sequestering isolates underwent an 18-day desiccation assay, and their production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and gibberellic acid (GA3) was quantified. Among the 48 halotolerant isolates obtained, 7 (SM1, SM10, SPM5, SM7, SM19, VZ9, and SPM1) exhibited the highest Na+ sequestration efficiency. Among these isolates, SM1 exhibited the highest in vitro Na+ sequestration capacity (10.74 μg L−1, p < 0.05). SM1 and SPM1 demonstrated the greatest desiccation resistance, at 88.39% and 83.05%, respectively. Additionally, SM7 produced the highest levels of IAA (13.69 μg mL−1, p < 0.05), while SM1 exhibited the highest GA3 production (1285.38 μg mL−1, p < 0.05). Based on these characteristics, isolates SPM1 and SM1 exhibited the highest efficiency in tolerating drought and salinity stress. However, isolate SPM1 may colonize the rhizosphere of A. potatorum more effectively, likely due to its adaptation as a native isolate to the edaphic and environmental conditions in which this agave thrives. Molecular identification confirmed that the isolates belong to the genera Kosakonia, Priestia, Streptomyces, Bacillus, Stutzerimonas, Pseudomonas, and Exiguobacterium. This study highlights the diversity of halotolerant bacteria in the rhizosphere of A. potatorum and their potential as bioinoculants for enhancing soil fertility and restoring degraded soils.