bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hydroformylation of 1‐Dodecene with Water‐Soluble Rhodium Catalysts with Bidentate Ligands in Multiphase Systems
Authors: Hamerla Tobias , Rost Anke , Kasaka Yasemin , Schomäcker Reinhard
Published: March 2013

A hydrophilic metal–ligand complex formed from the precursor [dicarbonyl(acetylacetonato)rhodium(I)] {[Rh(acac)(CO)2]} and the bidentate ligand [2,7‐bis(SO3Na)‐4,5‐bis(diphenylphosphino)‐9,9‐dimethylxanthene] (SulfoXantPhos), was found to be a suitable candidate as a catalyst complex for the hydroformylation of 1‐dodecene in multiphase systems formulated from water, 1‐dodecene, and a nonionic surfactant. To improve the solubilization of the olefin in the aqueous phase, surfactants were added. The multiphase system acted as a tunable solvent, through which not only the interfacial area was increased during the reaction but also the phase separation behavior could be manipulated through temperature changes, thus allowing an easy separation of the expensive rhodium complex from the organic phase after the reaction. The influence of different process parameters such as the type of surfactant, type of ligand, and the metal/ligand ratio was investigated and discussed. Also the influence of the phase state on the reaction was determined. Under optimized reaction conditions, turnover frequencies of >300 h−1 and selectivities of 98:2 towards the linear product could be achieved.
Modeling, Simulation and Optimized Design of a Microreactor for a Two‐Step Reaction
Authors: Chen X. , Zeng H. , Wang H. , Zhang D.
Published: March 2013

A two‐step microreactor for the investigation of glucose oxidation is presented. A model is created to pre‐judge the changes in concentrations of the reactants in the straight channels of the microreactor. The structure of the rapid mixing‐reaction units of the microreactor was optimized, and the optimal parameters were found to be p = 1:3, r = 1:1, and ws = 60 μm. The model and the optimization method can facilitate the design of microreactors.
Pilot Test on the Removal of Coke Powder from Quench Oil Using a Hydrocyclone
Authors: Ma L. , Yang Q. , Huang Y. , Qian P. , Wang J.‐G.
Published: March 2013

According to the characteristics of quench oil and coke powder, an experimental setup is designed with a hydrocyclone for a pilot test. The relationships between structure size, flow rate, pressure drop, and separation efficiency are evaluated. The separation is successful in stable, long‐period operations without complications. The stability of the separation significantly helps decrease covert damage to equipment such as fractionating towers, pumps, and heat‐exchange facilities.
Preparation of a LaNiO3/γ‐Al2O3 Catalyst and its Performance in Dry Reforming of Methane
Authors: Moradi G. , Hemmati H. , Rahmanzadeh M.
Published: March 2013

LaNiO3/γ‐Al2O3 catalysts containing 10, 15, 20, and 25 wt % Ni were prepared by a combination of sol gel with propionic acid as solvent and an impregnation method (LNA‐acid) as well as with ethanol as solvent and addition of acetic acid (LNA‐eth). Catalytic activities towards CO2 reforming of CH4 were tested in a fixed‐bed reactor at 700 °C, 750 °C, and 800 °C. LNA‐eth with 20 wt % Ni exhibited the best activities in dry reforming of methane and a good activity and stability, when it was tested at 800 °C during 75 h time‐on‐stream.
K‐Promoted Hydrotalcites for CO2 Capture in Sorption Enhanced Reactions
Authors: Wu Y.‐J. , Li P. , Yu J.‐G. , Cunha A. F. , Rodrigues A. E.
Published: March 2013

Potassium‐promoted hydrotalcite‐like material was prepared with potassium nitrate as the K precursor. The highest ever reported CO2 adsorption capacity (1.13 mol kg–1) was obtained at 656 K with p = 0.5 bar at humid conditions. A mathematical model was developed and it satisfactorily simulated the adsorption and desorption processes. The stability of the material was tested with repeated adsorption/desorption cycles; the CO2 adsorption capacity decreased around 7 % after ten cycles. In addition, regeneration was performed with temperature swing operation (from 656 K to 708 K), where a complete regeneration was achieved within 60 min, which reduced to half the time required for regeneration under isothermal conditions.
Light‐Induced Rearrangement of Thioether‐Substituted Phosphanide Ligands: Scope and Limitations of a Remarkable Isomerization
Authors: Izod Keith , Clark Ewan R. , Foster Pamela , Percival Rebecca J. , Riddlestone Ian M. , Clegg William , Harrington Ross W.
Published: March 2013

Treatment of the thioether‐substituted secondary phosphanes R2PH(C6H4‐2‐SR1) [R2=(Me3Si)2CH, R1=Me (1PH), iPr (2PH), Ph (3PH); R2=tBu, R1=Me (4PH); R2=Ph, R1=Me (5PH)] with nBuLi yields the corresponding lithium phosphanides, which were isolated as their THF (1–5Pa) and tmeda (1–5Pb) adducts. Solid‐state structures were obtained for the adducts [R2P(C6H4‐2‐SR1)]Li(L)n [R2=(Me3Si)2CH, R1=nPr, (L)n=tmeda (2Pb); R2=(Me3Si)2CH, R1=Ph, (L)n=tmeda (3Pb); R2=Ph, R1=Me, (L)n=(THF)1.33 (5Pa); R2=Ph, R1=Me, (L)n=([12]crown‐4)2 (5Pc)]. Treatment of 1PH with either PhCH2Na or PhCH2K yields the heavier alkali metal complexes [{(Me3Si)2CH}P(C6H4‐2‐SMe)]M(THF)n [M=Na (1Pd), K (1Pe)]. With the exception of 2Pa and 2Pb, photolysis of these complexes with white light proceeds rapidly to give the thiolate species [R2P(R1)(C6H4‐2‐S)]M(L)n [M=Li, L=THF (1Sa, 3Sa–5Sa); M=Li, L=tmeda (1Sb, 3Sb–5Sb); M=Na, L=THF (1Sd); M=K, L=THF (1Se)] as the sole products. The compounds 3Sa and 4Sa may be desolvated to give the cyclic oligomers [[{(Me3Si)2CH}P(Ph)(C6H4‐2‐S)]Li]6 ((3S)6) and [[tBuP(Me)(C6H4‐2‐S)]Li]8 ((4S)8), respectively. A mechanistic study reveals that the phosphanide–thiolate rearrangement proceeds by intramolecular nucleophilic attack of the phosphanide center at the carbon atom of the substituent at sulfur. For 2Pa/2Pb, competing intramolecular β‐deprotonation of the n‐propyl substituent results in the elimination of propene and the formation of the phosphanide–thiolate dianion [{(Me3Si)2CH}P(C6H4‐2‐S)]2−.
A Synthetic Study of Chiral α‐Hydroxy‐H‐Phosphinates Based on Proline Catalysis
Authors: Yao Qiuli , Yuan Chengye
Published: March 2013

A highly enantioselective synthesis of α‐hydroxyphosphinates was achieved based on the L‐proline‐catalyzed aldol reaction of α‐acylphosphinates and acetone. Due to the preexisting chirality at the phosphorus center, mixtures of two diastereomers of the α‐hydroxyphosphinates were obtained in moderate to good yields, with simultaneously high enantioselectivity for both diastereomers. The products could be converted into α‐hydroxy‐H‐phosphinates with satisfactory yields. Furthermore, an unprecedented oxidation–reduction reaction of the α‐hydroxyphosphinates or α‐hydroxy‐H‐phosphinates to form phosphonates was observed, and the mechanism involved in such a chemical transformation is discussed.
Room‐Temperature Columnar Mesophases in Triazine–Gold Thiolate Metal–Organic Supramolecular Aggregates
Authors: Domínguez Cristina , Heinrich Benoît , Donnio Bertrand , Coco Silverio , Espinet Pablo
Published: March 2013

Supramolecular mono‐ and dinuclear liquid‐crystalline gold(I) aggregates have been synthesized by means of hydrogen bond interactions of 2,4,6‐triarylamino‐1,3,5‐triazine with thiolate moities of gold metalloacids [Au(PR3)(SC6H4COOH)] or [μ‐(binap){Au(SC6H4COOH)}2], in 1:1 and 2:1 molar ratio, respectively. All of the supramolecular aggregates display a stable columnar hexagonal mesophase (Colh) at room‐temperature. The supramolecular arrangement within the columns consists of the one‐dimensional stacking of triazine units, with the core of the attached metallic thioacid fragments acting as the fourth branch. The phosphine‐containing moieties of the metallic thioacid protrude out in the aliphatic continuum. These complexes do not show metallophilic interactions, but this strategy appears very promising for the future design of room‐temperature LC mesophases containing interacting metallic fragments.
ChemInform Abstract: First‐Principles Study of Hypothetical Boron Crystals: Bn (n = 13, 14, 15)
Authors: Aydin Sezgin , Simsek Mehmet
Published: March 2013

DFT calculations of structural, electronic, and mechanical properties
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure and Transport Properties of Pd5HgSe.
Authors: Laufek F. , Vymazalova A. , Drabek M. , Navratil J. , Plechacek T. , Drahokoupil J.
Published: March 2013

The new ternary phase of title is prepared by solid state reaction of a stoichiometric mixture of the elements (evacuated silica tube, 400 °C, 48 h) and characterized by powder XRD and transport measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: Normal Pressure Synthesis of (Tl1‐yCy) Ba2Ca3Cu4O12‐δ Superconductor.
Authors: Khan Nawazish A. , Ahmad Shakeel , Khurram A. A. , Ahmad Maqsood
Published: March 2013

(Tl1‐yCy) Ba2Ca3Cu4O12‐δ (y = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75) superconductors are prepared by solid state reaction of CyBa2Ca3Cu4O12‐δ and Tl2O3 (880 °C, 10 min).
ChemInform Abstract: Structural, Magnetic and Magnetocaloric Properties in La0.5‐xLnxCa0.5MnO3 Manganites (x = 0; 0.1 and Ln: Gd, Eu and Dy).
Authors: Krichene A. , Boujelben W. , Cheikhrouhou A.
Published: March 2013

The title compounds are synthesized by solid state reaction of stoichiometric quantities of La2O3, CaCO3, MnO2, and Ln2O3 (Ln: Gd, Eu, and Dy) at 800 °C for 18 h, 1000 °C for 18 h, and 1200 °C for 48 h.
ChemInform Abstract: High Q Ceramics in the ACe2(MoO4)4 (A: Ba, Sr, and Ca) System for LTCC Applications.
Authors: Surjith A. , Ratheesh R.
Published: March 2013

The new title ceramics are prepared from mixtures of MCO3 (M: Ba, Sr, and Ca), CeO2, and MoO3 (815—830 °C, 1 h) and characterized by powder XRD, SEM, Raman spectroscopy, and dielectric measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: New Structural Units in Molybdenum Oxyfluoride Chemistry.
Authors: Aldous David W. , Lightfoot Philip
Published: March 2013

The structures of the new compounds (II)—(IV), (VI), and (VII) are determined by single crystal XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: A Genuine Two‐Dimensional Ising Ferromagnet with Magnetically Driven Re‐entrant Transition.
Authors: Kabbour Houria , David Renald , Pautrat Alain , Koo Hyun‐Joo , Whangbo Myung‐Hwan , Andre Gilles , Mentre Olivier
Published: March 2013

Single crystals of BaFe2(PO4)2 are hydrothermally synthesized from an aqueous mixture of Ba(CO3)2, FeCl2, H3PO4, and hydrazine (autoclave, 220 °C, 72 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Biomimetic Aerobic Oxidation of Amino Alcohols to Lactams
Authors: Babu Beneesh P. , Endo Yoshinori , Baeckvall Jan‐E.
Published: March 2013

A new and efficient method to prepare various 5‐, 6‐, and 7‐membered lactams is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Intermolecular Photodecarboxylation of Electron‐Deficient Substrates by Phthalimides in Water: Efficiency, Selectivity and Online Monitoring.
Authors: Griesbeck Axel G. , Nazarov Nestor , Neudoerfl Joerg M. , Heffen Maria
Published: March 2013

The photodecarboxylation of arylacetic acids (Ia‐c) in the presence of phthalimides (II) leads to the 3‐alkylated isoindolones as main or sole products, whilst perfluoropropionic acid affords pentafluoroethane (IVd) as major product.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Fluorination Followed by Michael Addition or Robinson Annulation for Preparation of α‐Fluorinated Carbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Yi Wen‐Bin , Huang Xin , Cai Chun , Zhang Wei
Published: March 2013

The fluorination of ketoesters (I) followed by Michael addition with chalcones (II) leads to desired fluorides (III) in high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: A One‐Pot Cross‐Pinacol Coupling/Rearrangement Procedure.
Authors: Scheffler Ulf , Mahrwald Rainer
Published: March 2013

In the first step, diols (III) are formed which are deoxygenated by pinacol rearrangement to afford the corresponding ketones with high regioselectivity favoring (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: A Green Recyclable Poly(4‐vinylpyridine)‐Supported Copper Iodide Nanoparticle Catalyst for the Chemoselective Synthesis of Pentaerythritol Diacetals from Aromatic Aldehydes.
Authors: Albadi Jalal , Iravani Nasir , Shirini Farhad , Dehghan Farzaneh
Published: March 2013

Ketones are unreactive and, thus, the method is suitable for a chemoselective acetalization of aldehydes in the presence of ketones.
ChemInform Abstract: Promotion of Henry Reactions Using Cu(OTf)2 and a Sterically Hindered Schiff Base: Access to Enantioenriched β‐Hydroxynitroalkanes.
Authors: Yao Lin , Wei Yu , Wang Pingan , He Wei , Zhang Shengyong
Published: March 2013

The reaction can also be conducted with nitroethane resulting in yields and enantioselectivities comparable to the reaction with nitromethane but only moderate diastereoselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Oxidation/Isomerization of Z‐Allylic Alcohols with Oxygen as Stoichiometric Oxidant.
Authors: Koenning Daniel , Hiller Wolf , Christmann Mathias
Published: March 2013

Treatment of (Z)‐allylic alcohols with oxygen, CuOTf, TEMPO, the bipyridine (MOP), and DMAP or azajulolidine allows an efficient and selective access to (E)‐α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: VO2F(dmpz)2: A New Catalyst for Selective Oxidation of Organic Sulfides to Sulfoxides with H2O2.
Authors: Hussain Sahid , Talukdar Dhrubajyoti , Bharadwaj Saitanya K. , Chaudhuri Mihir K.
Published: March 2013

A new penta‐coordinated vanadium complex is developed and characterized.
ChemInform Abstract: Formal C—H Amination of Cyclopropenes.
Authors: Sun Chunrui , Li Jingwei , Lee Daesung , Huang Genping , Xia Yuanzhi
Published: March 2013

Tms‐Substituted cyclopropene derivatives are treated with azo ester (II) to afford ring‐aminated derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of Cyclopropanes with a Monofluorinated Quaternary Stereocenter.
Authors: Ivashkin Pavel , Couve‐Bonnaire Samuel , Jubault Philippe , Pannecoucke Xavier
Published: March 2013

Zn/LiCl‐mediated treatment of the oxazolidinone (I) with electron‐deficient alkenes results in efficient and stereoselective formation of polysubstituted monofluorinated cyclopropanes.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Mode of Cyclization of Enynes. Synthesis of Cycloalkyl Ketones Through a Platinum‐Catalyzed Hydrative Cycloisomerization Reaction.
Authors: Pardo Pilar , Fernandez Amadeo , Fananas Francisco J. , Rodriguez Felix
Published: March 2013

The target compounds are prepared with < 80% d.e.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Hydrogenation of N‐Arylimines Catalyzed by the Xyl‐Skewphos/DPEN‐Ruthenium(II) Complex.
Authors: Arai Noriyoshi , Utsumi Noriyuki , Matsumoto Yuki , Murata Kunihiko , Tsutsumi Kunihiko , Ohkuma Takeshi
Published: March 2013

A series of imines derived from acetophenones is effectively hydrogenated with generally high yields and enantioselectivities and without any sensitivity against electronic effects.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of Trifluoromethylated Amines via Catalytic Enantioselective Isomerization of Imines.
Authors: Wu Yongwei , Deng Li
Published: March 2013

An unprecedented, organocatalytic and highly enantioselective isomerization of trifluoromethyl imines is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Reduction of Esters to Aldehydes Through Iridium‐Catalyzed Hydrosilylation.
Authors: Cheng Chen , Brookhart Maurice
Published: March 2013

A simple, mild, and highly efficient method for the title reaction is reported by using a commercially available catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidative Cleavage and Rearrangement of Aryl Epoxides Using Iodosylbenzene: On Criegee′s Trail.
Authors: Havare Nizam , Plattner Dietmar A.
Published: March 2013

Aryl epoxides undergo rearrangement and oxidative cleavage with in situ prepared hydroxy‐λ3 iodane complexes.
ChemInform Abstract: Trichlorophenyl Formate: Highly Reactive and Easily Accessible Crystalline CO Surrogate for Palladium‐Catalyzed Carbonylation of Aryl/Alkenyl Halides and Triflates.
Authors: Ueda Tsuyoshi , Konishi Hideyuki , Manabe Kei
Published: March 2013

The Pd‐catalyzed coupling of aryl/alkenyl halides and triflates with reagent (II) allows an efficient access to a number of trichlorophenyl esters.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Step Formation Both of C—N and of C—O Bonds of N‐Alkoxyamides Through NHC‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Reactions of Enals, Nitrosoarenes, and Enones.
Authors: Sun Zhong‐Xin , Cheng Ying
Published: March 2013

The present new reaction proceeds by aza‐benzoin condensation of α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes and nitrosoarenes followed by oxo‐Michael addition of intermediate N‐hydroxylamide to α,β‐unsaturated ketones to provide the title compounds in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Computational Modeling, Synthesis, and Antioxidant Potential of Novel Phenylcarbamoylbenzoic Acid Analogues in Combating Oxidative Stress.
Authors: Bayoumi Waleed A. , Elsayed Magda A. , Baraka Hany N. , Abou‐zeid Laila
Published: March 2013

A series of target compounds (I) is designed, synthesized, and tested for in vitro antioxidant activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective para‐Cyanation of Alkoxy‐ and Benzyloxy‐Substituted Benzenes with Potassium Ferricyanide Promoted by Copper(II) Nitrate and Iodine.
Authors: Ren Yunlai , Yan Mengjie , Zhao Shuang , Wang Jianji , Ma Junying , Tian Xinzhe , Yin Weiping
Published: March 2013

A wide range of alkoxy‐ and benzyloxy‐substituted benzenes is used for the reaction which can be performed on a 10g‐scale.
ChemInform Abstract: Iridium‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Allylic Alkylation of Methyl 2‐(4‐Nitrophenylsulfonyl)acetate and Subsequent Transformations.
Authors: Xu Qing‐Long , Dai Li‐Xin , You Shu‐Li
Published: March 2013

The reaction of 4‐nosylacetate with allyl carbonates proceeds with poor diastereoselectivity and epimerization at the α‐position of the carbonyl group.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxy Effects on the Platinum‐Catalyzed Carbo‐ and Oxacyclizations of 2‐Oxiranyl‐1‐(1‐oxyalk‐2‐ynyl)benzenes.
Authors: Chaudhuri Rupsha , Pawar Samir Kundlik , Pati Kamalkishore , Liu Rai‐Shung
Published: March 2013

Epoxides, bearing an acyloxy group, undergo a PtCl2‐catalyzed cyclization via an initial 1,3‐acyloxy‐shift, nucleophilic attack on an allenyl acetate and 1,2‐alkyl shift to afford 2‐naphthyl ketones.
ChemInform Abstract: Iridium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Ring‐Opening of Oxabenzonorbornadienes with Phenols.
Authors: Cheng Hanchao , Yang Dingqiao
Published: March 2013

It provides an efficient and practical method to prepare optically active trans‐substituted 1,2‐dihydronaphthalenols which are of biological interest.
ChemInform Abstract: Ferric Chloride Catalyzed C—N Bond Cleavage for the Cyclization of Arylallenes Leading to Polysubstituted Indenes.
Authors: Liu Cong‐Rong , Wang Ting‐Ting , Qi Qing‐Biao , Tian Shi‐Kai
Published: March 2013

A large spectrum of indene structures (20 examples) is available with high regioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Methyltrioxorhenium‐Catalyzed Epoxidation of Homoallylic Alcohols with Hydrogen Peroxide.
Authors: Yamazaki Shigekazu
Published: March 2013

The reaction allows an efficient access to synthetically important 3,4‐epoxy alcohols.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of Unstabilized Azomethine Ylides by Lewis Base Catalysis.
Authors: Pandiancherri Shveta , Ryan Sarah J. , Lupton David W.
Published: March 2013

The 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of unstabilized azomethine ylides with electron‐poor olefins is achieved using Lewis base catalysis.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal Free Fluoroamination of Allylsilanes: A Route to 3‐Fluoropyrrolidines.
Authors: Combettes Lorraine E. , Lozano Oscar , Gouverneur Veronique
Published: March 2013

The intramolecular fluoroamination of homoallylic amines (I) activated by a triisopropylsilyl or tolyldiisopropyl group is successfully achieved in the presence of Selectfluor®.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed C—C Coupling of Aryl Halides with Isocyanides: An Alternative Method for the Stereoselective Synthesis of (3E)‐(Imino)isoindolin‐1‐ones and (3E)‐(Imino)thiaisoindoline 1,1‐Dioxides.
Authors: Liu Bifu , Li Yibiao , Jiang Huanfeng , Yin Meizhou , Huang Huawen
Published: March 2013

Besides the title heterocycles, the process can further be applied to prepare phenanthridines and some dibenzooxazepines.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic, Asymmetric Synthesis of 3‐Sulfenylated N‐Boc‐Protected Oxindoles.
Authors: Wang Chuan , Yang Xuena , Loh Charles C. J. , Raabe Gerhard , Enders Dieter
Published: March 2013

A new and efficient method to prepare biologically important 3‐sulfenylated oxindoles is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Michael Addition of 3‐Aryloxindoles to a Vinyl Bisphosphonate Ester Catalyzed by a Cinchona Alkaloid Derived Thiourea Catalyst.
Authors: Zhao Mei‐Xin , Dai Tong‐Lei , Liu Ran , Wei Deng‐Ke , Zhou Hao , Ji Fei‐Hu , Shi Min
Published: March 2013

The Michael adducts (III), containing a chiral quaternary carbon center and geminal bisphosphonate ester fragment at the 3‐position of the oxindole, are obtained in moderate to good enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Mono‐ and Double‐Carbonylation of Indoles with Amines Controllably Leading to Amides and α‐Ketoamides.
Authors: Xing Qi , Shi Lijun , Lang Rui , Xia Chungu , Li Fuwei
Published: March 2013

A condition‐controlled product selectivity is reported for the carbonylation reaction of indoles with primary and secondary amines leading either to amides as mono‐carbonylation products or to ketoamides as a result of double carbonylation.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of N‐ and C‐Alkenylanilines. Part 10. Synthesis of 2‐Vinyldihydroindoles from 4‐Methyl‐2‐(pent‐3‐en‐2‐yl)aniline.
Authors: Mazgarova G. G. , Absalyamova A. M. , Gataullin R. R.
Published: March 2013

Indole derivative (III), which is synthesized from alkenylaniline derivative (I), reacts with bases to give dehydrohalogenation and halogen substitution products in ratios depending on the reagent structure.
ChemInform Abstract: Exclusive 1,2‐Aryl Shift in Platinum(II) Chloride Catalyzed Cyclization of 1‐(Indol‐2‐yl)‐2,3‐allenols.
Authors: Kong Wangqing , Qiu Youai , Zhang Xue , Fu Chunling , Ma Shengming
Published: March 2013

A variety of biologically interesting polysubstituted carbazole derivatives is available from the starting allenols via 1,2‐methyl or 1,2‐aryl migration.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Indeno[1,2‐b]indole Derivatives Through One‐Pot Sequential or Two‐Step Iodine‐Catalyzed C—O Activation and Palladium‐Catalyzed C—H Functionalization.
Authors: Xu Hai‐Yan , Xu Xiao‐Ping , Wang Shun‐Yi , Ji Shun‐Jun
Published: March 2013

The two‐step reaction sequence from (VI) via (VIII) to (IX) can also be conducted as a one‐pot process with similar overall yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Oxindolyl Pyrazolines and 3‐Amino Oxindole Building Blocks via a Nitrile Imine [3 + 2] Cycloaddition Strategy.
Authors: Singh Anand , Loomer Amanda L. , Roth Gregory P.
Published: March 2013

Treatment of 3‐alkylidene oxindoles with nitrile imines generated in situ allows an efficient, regio‐, and stereoselective access to novel spirocyclic pyrazolines like (III), (VI), and (XIII).
ChemInform Abstract: A Base‐Promoted Tandem Cycloaddition/Air Oxidation Reaction of Electron‐Deficient Conjugated Enynes and Hydrazines: Synthesis of Highly Substituted Pyrazoles.
Authors: Yu Xiuzhao , Zhang Junliang
Published: March 2013

This is a mild and efficient synthesis of substituted pyrazoles with tolerance for a variety of functional groups including ketones, aldehydes, and ketoesters.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of 3,4,5‐Trisubstituted Oxazolones by Pd‐Catalyzed Coupling of N‐Alkynyl tert‐Butyloxycarbamates with Aryl Halides and Related Electrophiles.
Authors: Lu Zenghui , Cui Weijian , Xia Siyuan , Bai Yihui , Luo Fang , Zhu Gangguo
Published: March 2013

The new method is widely applicable to synthesize the trisubstituted oxazolones.
ChemInform Abstract: Design, Synthesis, Biological Evaluation of Thiazolyl Schiff Base Derivatives as Novel Antiinflammatory Agents.
Authors: Bhosale P. P. , Chavan R. S. , Bhosale A. V.
Published: March 2013

All new compounds (V) are tested for their anti‐inflammatory and analgesic activities.
ChemInform Abstract: Tandem Synthesis of [1,2,4]‐Triazoles Mediated by Iodine — A Regioselective Approach.
Authors: Guin Srimanta , Rout Saroj Kumar , Khatun Nilufa , Ghosh Tuhin , Patel Bhisma K.
Published: March 2013

A regioselective and milder tandem one‐pot synthesis of the title compounds is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of a Structurally and Stereochemically Complex Spirooxindole Pyran Scaffold Through an Organocatalytic Multicomponent Cascade Reaction.
Authors: Xie Xin , Peng Cheng , He Gu , Leng Hai‐Jun , Wang Biao , Huang Wei , Han Bo
Published: March 2013

A variety of spirooxindole pyran derivatives (IV) is prepared by an asymmetric Michael reaction of nitroalkenes (I) with aldehydes (II) followed by a Henry reaction of the Michael adduct with isatin (III) and a subsequent oxidation of intermediate hemiacetal.
ChemInform Abstract: Cationic Iridium‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Activation of Secondary sp3 C—H Bond Adjacent to Nitrogen Atom.
Authors: Pan Shiguang , Matsuo Yusuke , Endo Kohei , Shibata Takanori
Published: March 2013

The described method can be used to synthesize chiral 2‐(alkylamino)pyridines with moderate to high enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Enantioselective [4 + 2] Cyclization of Chloroaldehydes and 1‐Azadienes Catalyzed by N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes.
Authors: Jian Teng‐Yue , Sun Li‐Hui , Ye Song
Published: March 2013

The carbene precursor (Ia) is suitable for the transformation of azadienes bearing a terminal aryl group.
ChemInform Abstract: Chlorosilane‐Promoted Addition Reaction of Isocyanides to 3,4‐Dihydroisoquinoline N‐Oxides.
Authors: Soeta Takahiro , Fujinami Shuhei , Ukaji Yutaka
Published: March 2013

The process represents a convenient method to prepare a wide range of biologically important tetrahydroisoquinoline‐1‐carboxylamides.
ChemInform Abstract: Substituted Quinolinones. Part 17. Some Nucleophilic Reactions with 4‐Hdroxy‐1‐methyl‐3‐ [(2‐oxo‐2H‐chromen‐3‐yl)carbonyl]quinolin‐2(1H)‐one.
Authors: Abass Mohamed , Mohamed El‐Hussain A. , Mayas Aisha S. , Ibrahim Akram H.
Published: March 2013

The synthesis of a variety of new and interesting polynuclear heterocyclic compounds of expected biological activity via reactions of the title asymmetric diheterocyclic ketone (I) with different nucleophiles is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Multi‐Component Synthesis of 1H‐Pyrazolo[3,4‐d]pyrimidine‐6(7H)‐thiones.
Authors: Safaei Shirin , Mohammadpoor‐Baltork Iraj , Khosropour Ahmad Reza , Moghadam Majid , Tangestaninejad Shahram , Mirkhani Valiollah
Published: March 2013

The present new method provides easy access to the pharmaceutically relevant title compounds which are obtained in high yields within short reaction times.
ChemInform Abstract: Iodine‐Catalyzed, Stereo‐ and Regioselective Synthesis of 4‐Arylidine‐4H‐benzo[d][1,3]oxazines and Their Applications for the Synthesis of Quinazoline 3‐Oxides.
Authors: Lee Wen‐Chun , Shen Ho‐Chuan , Hu Wan‐Ping , Lo Wei‐Sheng , Murali Chebrolu , Vandavasi Jaya Kishore , Wang Jeh‐Jeng
Published: March 2013

Cyclization of various alkynylamides in the presence of I2 affords the benzoxazine components in moderate to high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of 1,5‐Diketones with 2‐Aminobenzyl Alcohol and 2‐Aminomethylaniline and Behavior of the Products in Oxidative Coupling.
Authors: Slabko O. Yu. , Kachanov A. V. , Kaminskii V. A.
Published: March 2013

Reactions of 2‐aminobenzyl alcohol (Ia) or related diamine (Ib) with diketones (II), (IV), (VI), or (VIII) follow double cyclization scheme with formation of pyridobenzoxazines, cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold(I) and Platinum(II) Switch: A Post‐Ugi Intramolecular Hydroarylation to Pyrrolopyridinones and Pyrroloazepinones.
Authors: Modha Sachin G. , Kumar Amit , Vachhani Dipak D. , Sharma Sunil K. , Parma Virinder S. , Van der Eycken Erik V.
Published: March 2013

The gold‐catalyzed intramolecular hydroarylation of Ugi adducts (V) affords selectively (E)‐pyrrolopyridinones (VI), whilst the cyclization of compounds (V) in the presence of platinum catalyst leads to pyrroloazepinones (VII) and/or pyrrolopyridinones (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium Catalyzed Hydroboration of Terminal Alkynes to Z‐Vinylboronates.
Authors: Gunanathan Chidambaram , Hoelscher Markus , Pan Fangfang , Leitner Walter
Published: March 2013

The unprecedented direct, chemo‐, regio‐ and stereoselective preparation of Z‐vinylboronates is achieved using a non‐classical ruthenium hydride pincer complex.
ChemInform Abstract: In situ Formation of β‐Glycosyl Imidinium Triflate from Participating Thioglycosyl Donors: Elaboration to Disarmed—Armed Iterative Glycosylation
Authors: Lin Yu Hsien , Ghosh Bhaswati , Mong Kwok‐Kong Tony
Published: March 2013

16 examples for disaccharides, 3 examples for trisaccharides
ChemInform Abstract: Activation of Solid Surface as Catalyst
Authors: Tanaka Ken‐ichi , He Hong
Published: March 2013

Review: 27 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Scientific Principles for Preparation Nanoscale Particles by the Exchange Mechanochemical Reactions (Overview)
Authors: Urakaev Farit Kh.
Published: March 2013

Review: 56 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies of Nanodiamonds
Authors: Panich A. M.
Published: March 2013

Review: 122 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetically Recyclable Nanocatalysts (MRNCs): A Versatile Integration of High Catalytic Activity and Facile Recovery
Authors: Zhang Donghui , Zhou Chao , Sun Zhenhua , Wu Li‐Zhu , Tung Chen‐Ho , Zhang Tierui
Published: March 2013

Review: 206 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Redox‐Active Ligands in Catalysis
Authors: Praneeth Vijayendran K. K. , Ringenberg Mark R. , Ward Thomas R.
Published: March 2013

Review: ca. 80 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: f‐Element—Metal Bonding and the Use of the Bond Polarity to Build Molecular Intermetalloids
Authors: Oelkers Benjamin , Butovskii Mikhail V. , Kempe Rhett
Published: March 2013

Review: 85 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Silyl Ketene Imines: Highly Versatile Nucleophiles for Catalytic, Asymmetric Synthesis
Authors: Denmark Scott E. , Wilson Tyler W.
Published: March 2013

Review: ca. 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Kulinkovich Hydroxycyclopropanation Reaction in Natural Product Synthesis
Authors: Haym Isabell , Brimble Margaret A.
Published: March 2013

Review: 109 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Biodegradable Soft Elastomers: Synthesis/Properties of Materials and Fabrication of Scaffolds
Authors: Li Yuan , Thouas George A. , Chen Qi‐Zhi
Published: March 2013

Review: 147 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Isolation, Biological Activity and Synthesis of the Natural Product Ellipticine and Related Pyridocarbazoles
Authors: Miller Charlotte M. , McCarthy Florence O.
Published: March 2013

Review: 156 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Beyond Directing Groups: Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed C—H Activation of Simple Arenes
Authors: Kuhl Nadine , Hopkinson Matthew N. , Wencel‐Delord Joanna , Glorius Frank
Published: March 2013

Review: ca. 300 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Green Chemistry: A Step Towards Clean and Sustainable Development.
Authors: Ameta Rakshit , Ameta Chetna , Tak Paras , Benjamin Surbhi , Ameta Rameshwar , Ameta Suresh C.
Published: March 2013

Review: 264 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Natural Product Synthesis as a Challenging Test of Newly Developed Methodology
Authors: Donohoe Timothy J. , Pullin Robert D. C
Published: March 2013

Review: 127 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Carboxylates as Sources of Carbon Nucleophiles and Electrophiles: Comparison of Decarboxylative and Decarbonylative Pathways
Authors: Dzik Wojciech I. , Lange Paul P. , Goossen Lukas J.
Published: March 2013

Review: 78 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Biomimetic Oxidation of Hydrocarbons with Air over Metalloporphyrins
Authors: Jiang Guofang , Liu Qiang , Guo Cancheng
Published: March 2013

Review: 119 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Homogeneous Catalysis
Authors: Anon. Anon.
Published: March 2013

Review: 39 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Vasicine and Structurally Related Quinazolines
Authors: Nepali Kunal , Sharma Sahil , Ojha Ritu , Dhar Kanaya Lal
Published: March 2013

Review: 74 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Monoterpene Ketones in the Synthesis of Optically Active Insect Pheromones
Authors: Ishmuratov G. Yu. , Yakovleva M. P. , Valeeva E. F. , Vydrina V. A. , Tolstikov G. A.
Published: March 2013

Review: 72 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Methane Hydroxylation: A Biomimetic Approach
Authors: Shilov A. E. , Shteinman A. A.
Published: March 2013

Review: 349 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Developments in the Reactivity of Stable Disilynes
Authors: Asay Matthew , Sekiguchi Akira
Published: March 2013

Review: 96 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Strategies for Spiroketal Synthesis Based on Transition‐Metal Catalysis
Authors: Palmers Jean A. , Aponick Aaron
Published: March 2013

Review: ca. 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: A Perspective on the Stereodefined N,O‐Acetals: Synthesis and Potential Applications
Authors: Kim Haejin , Rhee Young Ho
Published: March 2013

Review: ca. 50 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Cyanation of Nonactivated Alkynes; Development of Cyanopalladation and Its Application to Cyclization and Cycloaddition Reactions
Authors: Arai Shigeru , Nishida Atsushi
Published: March 2013

Review: ca. 50 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Neuropeptides and Neuropeptide Receptors: Drug Targets, and Peptide and Non‐Peptide Ligands: A Tribute to Prof. Dieter Seebach
Authors: Hoyer Daniel , Bartfai Tamas
Published: March 2013

Review: ca. 50 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Microfluidics in the “Open Space” for Performing Localized Chemistry on Biological Interfaces
Authors: Kaigala Govind V. , Lovchik Robert D. , Delamarche Emmanuel
Published: March 2013

Review: 74 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Multivalency as a Chemical Organization and Action Principle
Authors: Haag Rainer , et al. et al.
Published: March 2013

Review: 222 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Mechanistic Investigations of Copper(I)‐Catalysed Alkyne—Azide Cycloaddition Reactions
Authors: Buckley Benjamin R. , Heaney Harry
Published: March 2013

Review: 178 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Lanthanide Complexes as Chiral Probes Exploiting Circularly Polarized Luminescence
Authors: Carr Rachel , Evans Nicholas H. , Parker David
Published: March 2013

Review: 85 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Art of Aligning One‐Dimensional (1D) Nanostructures
Authors: Su Bin , Wu Yuchen , Jiang Lei
Published: March 2013

Review: 123 refs.
Process Intensification on Synthesis of Nanoparticles in a Spinning Disc Reactor
Authors: Haseidl Franz , Jacobsen Nikolas C. , Hinrichsen Kai‐Olaf
Published: March 2013

Der Spinning‐Disc‐Reaktor mit seiner charakteristischen Fluiddynamik im dünnen Flüssigkeitsfilm auf einer rotierenden Scheibe eignet sich gut für die Synthese von Nanopartikeln. Zur systematischen Untersuchung der Einflussparameter wird zunächst die Mikrovermischung mithilfe eines Systems aus kompetitiv parallel verlaufenden Reaktionen (Villermaux‐Dushman‐Reaktion) bestimmt. Die Fällung von Bariumsulfat mit hoher Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit und kurzer Induktionszeit wird zur Validierung der Ergebnisse herangezogen. Die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse werden auf die Fällung superparamagnetischer Nanopartikel aus Magnetit angewendet. Es konnten gezielt Partikel mit Partikeldurchmessern zwischen 5 und 10 nm und enger Größenverteilung hergestellt werden.
Microarray resources for genetic and genomic studies in chicken: A review
Authors: Gheyas Almas A. , Burt David W.
Published: March 2013

Advent of microarray technologies revolutionized the nature and scope of genetic and genomic research in human and other species by allowing massively parallel analysis of thousands of genomic sites. They have been used for diverse purposes such as for transcriptome analysis, CNV detection, SNP and CNV genotyping, studying DNA‐protein interaction, and detection of genome methylation. Microarrays have also made invaluable contributions to research in chicken which is an important model organism for studying embryology, immunology, oncology, virology, evolution, genetics, and genomics and also for other avian species. Despite their huge contributions in life science research, the future of microarrays is now being questioned with the advent of massively parallel next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies, which promise to overcome some of the limitations of microarray platforms. In this article we review the various microarray resources developed for chicken and their past and potential future applications. We also discuss about the future of microarrays in the NGS era particularly in the context of livestock genetics. We argue that even though NGS promises some major advantages—in particular, offers the opportunity to discover novel elements in the genome—microarrays will continue to be major tools for research and practice in the field of livestock genetics/genomics due to their affordability, high throughput nature, mature established technologies and ease of application. Moreover, with advent of new microarray technologies like capture arrays, the NGS and microarrays are expected to complement each other in future research in life science. genesis 51:337–356. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Meta‐analysis reveals complex marine biological responses to the interactive effects of ocean acidification and warming
Authors: Harvey Ben P. , Gwynn‐Jones Dylan , Moore Pippa J.
Published: March 2013

Ocean acidification and warming are considered two of the greatest threats to marine biodiversity, yet the combined effect of these stressors on marine organisms remains largely unclear. Using a meta‐analytical approach, we assessed the biological responses of marine organisms to the effects of ocean acidification and warming in isolation and combination. As expected biological responses varied across taxonomic groups, life‐history stages, and trophic levels, but importantly, combining stressors generally exhibited a stronger biological (either positive or negative) effect. Using a subset of orthogonal studies, we show that four of five of the biological responses measured (calcification, photosynthesis, reproduction, and survival, but not growth) interacted synergistically when warming and acidification were combined. The observed synergisms between interacting stressors suggest that care must be made in making inferences from single‐stressor studies. Our findings clearly have implications for the development of adaptive management strategies particularly given that the frequency of stressors interacting in marine systems will be likely to intensify in the future. There is now an urgent need to move toward more robust, holistic, and ecologically realistic climate change experiments that incorporate interactions. Without them accurate predictions about the likely deleterious impacts to marine biodiversity and ecosystem functioning over the next century will not be possible.
Plasticity in above‐ and belowground resource acquisition traits in response to single and multiple environmental factors in three tree species
Authors: Freschet Grégoire T. , Bellingham Peter J. , Lyver Philip O'B. , Bonner Karen I. , Wardle David A.
Published: March 2013

Functional trait plasticity is a major component of plant adjustment to environmental stresses. Here, we explore how multiple local environmental gradients in resources required by plants (light, water, and nutrients) and soil disturbance together influence the direction and amplitude of intraspecific changes in leaf and fine root traits that facilitate capture of these resources. We measured population‐level analogous above‐ and belowground traits related to resource acquisition, i.e. “specific leaf area”–“specific root length” (SLA–SRL), and leaf and root N, P, and dry matter content (DMC), on three dominant understory tree species with contrasting carbon and nutrient economics across 15 plots in a temperate forest influenced by burrowing seabirds. We observed similar responses of the three species to the same single environmental influences, but partially species‐specific responses to combinations of influences. The strength of intraspecific above‐ and belowground trait responses appeared unrelated to species resource acquisition strategy. Finally, most analogous leaf and root traits (SLA vs. SRL, and leaf versus root P and DMC) were controlled by contrasting environmental influences. The decoupled responses of above‐ and belowground traits to these multiple environmental factors together with partially species‐specific adjustments suggest complex responses of plant communities to environmental changes, and potentially contrasting feedbacks of plant traits with ecosystem properties. We demonstrate that despite the growing evidence for broadly consistent resource‐acquisition strategies at the whole plant level among species, plants also show partially decoupled, finely tuned strategies between above‐ and belowground parts at the intraspecific level in response to their environment. This decoupling within species suggests a need for many species‐centred ecological theories on how plants respond to their environments (e.g. competitive/stress‐tolerant/ruderal and response‐effect trait frameworks) to be adapted to account for distinct plant‐environment interactions among distinct individuals of the same species and parts of the same individual.
Catalytic and Chemoselective Oxidation of Activated Alcohols and Direct Conversion of Diols to Lactones with In Situ‐Generated Bis‐IBX Catalyst
Authors: Seth Saona , Jhulki Samik , Moorthy Jarugu Narasimha
Published: March 2013

The twisted 3,3′‐diiodo‐2,2′,6,6′‐tetramethoxybiphenyl‐4,4′‐dicarboxylic acid (DIDA) was designed and synthesized for the in situ generation of Bis‐IBX and catalytic oxidations. The seemingly better solubility of the in situ‐generated Bis‐IBX and the attenuated reactivity arising from its unique structural features and methoxy substituents allowed the catalytic oxidation of activated alcohols selectively using DIDA/oxone. Chemoselective oxidations were demonstrated for substrates containing two different hydroxy groups. Furthermore, the unique reactivity of DIDA was demonstrated for sequential oxidation reactions of 1,4‐ and 1,6‐diols to give lactones catalytically in respectable yields.
Study on communication technologies for the optimal operation of smart grids
Authors: Llaria Alvaro , Jiménez Jaime , Curea Octavian
Published: March 2013

The traditional electrical grid must evolve to an intelligent smart grid (SG) to achieve efficiency, reliability, environmental and power quality improvements. Communication techniques and protocols will be crucial to manage the SG. This paper studies the communication requirements for SGs and describes the most suitable communication protocols, wired and wireless, with special attention to the latest proposals in this field. The security issues derived from data transmission through electrical grids are also analysed with a deep description of the current best practices employed to assure the SG protection face to intrusions. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Studies of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Electrode Evolution Using 3D Tomography
Authors: Yakal‐Kremski K. , Cronin J. S. , Chen‐Wiegart Y.‐C. K. , Wang J. , Barnett S. A.
Published: March 2013

This paper describes 3D tomographic investigations of the structural evolution of Ni‐yttria‐stabilized zirconia (Ni‐YSZ) and (La,Sr)MnO3‐YSZ (LSM‐YSZ) composite solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) electrodes. Temperatures higher than normally used in SOFC operation are utilized to accelerate electrode evolution. Quantitative 3D FIB‐SEM and X‐ray tomographic imaging contributes to development of mechanistic evolution models needed to accurately predict long‐term durability. Ni‐YSZ anode functional layers annealed in humidified hydrogen at 900–1,100 °C exhibited microstructural coarsening leading to a decrease in three‐phase boundary (TPB) density. There was also a change in the fraction of pores that were isolated, which impacted the density of electrochemically active TPBs. The polarization resistance of optimally fired LSM‐YSZ electrodes increased upon thermal aging at 1,000 °C, whereas that of under‐fired electrodes decreased upon aging. These results are explained in terms of observed 3D microstructural changes.
Kernel Machine SNP‐Set Testing Under Multiple Candidate Kernels
Authors: Wu Michael C. , Maity Arnab , Lee Seunggeun , Simmons Elizabeth M. , Harmon Quaker E. , Lin Xinyi , Engel Stephanie M. , Molldrem Jeffrey J. , Armistead Paul M.
Published: March 2013

Joint testing for the cumulative effect of multiple single‐nucleotide polymorphisms grouped on the basis of prior biological knowledge has become a popular and powerful strategy for the analysis of large‐scale genetic association studies. The kernel machine (KM)‐testing framework is a useful approach that has been proposed for testing associations between multiple genetic variants and many different types of complex traits by comparing pairwise similarity in phenotype between subjects to pairwise similarity in genotype, with similarity in genotype defined via a kernel function. An advantage of the KM framework is its flexibility: choosing different kernel functions allows for different assumptions concerning the underlying model and can allow for improved power. In practice, it is difficult to know which kernel to use a priori because this depends on the unknown underlying trait architecture and selecting the kernel which gives the lowest P‐value can lead to inflated type I error. Therefore, we propose practical strategies for KM testing when multiple candidate kernels are present based on constructing composite kernels and based on efficient perturbation procedures. We demonstrate through simulations and real data applications that the procedures protect the type I error rate and can lead to substantially improved power over poor choices of kernels and only modest differences in power vs. using the best candidate kernel.
Temporal trends in vent fluid iron and sulfide chemistry following the 2005/2006 eruption at East Pacific Rise, 9°50′N
Authors: Yücel Mustafa , Luther George W.
Published: March 2013

The chemistry of vent fluids that emanate to the seafloor undergoes dramatic changes after volcanic eruptions. Data on these changes are still limited, but the best studied example is the East Pacific Rise (EPR) at 9°50′N, where the temporal evolution of the vent fluid chemistry after the 1991/1992 eruption was documented. The area underwent another eruption sequence during late 2005/early 2006, and here we show that a similar evolution is recurring in the iron and sulfide contents of the high‐temperature fluids sampled in June 2006, January 2007, and June 2008. The vents have had increasing dissolved iron and decreasing acid‐volatile sulfide (free sulfide plus FeS) concentrations with 1 order of magnitude variation. In addition, chromium reducible sulfide (mainly pyrite) also had fivefold decreasing concentrations over the 3 years. Our results confirm a pattern that was noted only once before for 9°50′N EPR and emphasize the dramatic yearly variability in the concentrations of iron‐sulfur species emanating from vents.
Multi‐system seasonal predictions of Arctic sea ice
Authors: Merryfield W. J. , Lee W.‐S. , Wang W. , Chen M. , Kumar A.
Published: March 2013

The utility of multi‐system, coupled model‐based seasonal predictions of Arctic sea ice area and extent is investigated for combined predictions from the Climate Forecast System version 2 (CFSv2) and Canadian Seasonal to Interannual Prediction System (CanSIPS) operational seasonal forecasting systems, which are among the first to have sea ice as a prognostic variable. Forecast skills for predictions of total anomalies and departures from long‐term linear trends are examined both for the individual systems and the combined forecasts, and are compared against simple predictions such as damped anomaly persistence. Results indicate that the tendency for climate forecasts based on combined output from multiple prediction systems to outperform any one system, demonstrated previously for global variables such as temperature and precipitation, is realized for predictions of Arctic sea ice as well.