bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mentira terapêutica: a visão do fonoaudiólogo brasileiro sobre uma estratégia de comunicação controversa no atendimento ao paciente com demência
Authors: Lopes Isabella Amaral , Alves Emily Viega , Beber Bárbara Costa
Published: October 2022

RESUMO Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo foi obter a visão do fonoaudiólogo brasileiro a respeito da utilização da mentira terapêutica como estratégia de comunicação no manejo de pacientes com demência. Método Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa e qualitativa, transversal, de caráter descritivo. A coleta de dados foi realizada de modo online através de um questionário contendo questões de múltipla escolha e resposta aberta. Resultados Os resultados quantitativos indicaram que a maioria dos fonoaudiólogos já fizeram uso da estratégia e desejam aprender mais sobre, julgando a técnica como relativamente válida, ética e adequada. Os dados qualitativos indicaram os motivos para o uso da técnica, sendo estes: tranquilizar o paciente em situação de agitação; estimular o engajamento na terapia; evitar estresse relacionado à perda de memória; manejar dificuldade ou recusa alimentar; manejar dificuldade ou recusa ao tratamento medicamentoso; evitar que paciente evada o local; manejar situações de delírio, confusão e/ou paranoia; garantir a segurança; e quando outras estratégias não funcionam. Conclusão A maioria dos fonoaudiólogos brasileiros utilizam a mentira terapêutica em sua prática clínica e o fazem levando em consideração o benefício da pessoa com demência, embora reconheçam a falta de conhecimento e preparo acerca do assunto. Consideraram essa estratégia de comunicação relativamente ética, válida e adequada. O artigo chama atenção para a necessidade de formação e de recomendações sobre o uso da mentira terapêutica entre pessoas com demência pelos fonoaudiólogos.
Prevalence and impact of urinary symptoms on quality of life during the last month of pregnancy
Authors: Rett Mariana Tirolli , Santana Jéssica Mota , Paplinskie Stephanie Anastacia , Salata Mariana Cecchi , Lima Élio Armando Nunes de , Gallo Rubneide Barreto Silva , Alves Aline Teixeira
Published: October 2022

Abstract Introduction Adaptations of the maternal organism can adversely affect the lower urinary tract, leading to urinary symptoms with impact in quality of life (QoL). Objective To determine the prevalence of urinary symptoms and the impact of urinary incontinence (UI) on QoL during the last month of pregnancy. Methods Retrospective cross-sectional study, envolving 96 women in the immediate postpartum period personally interviewed about urinary symptoms and QoL during their last four weeks of gestation. Women were divided into two groups according to the number of pregnancies: G1 = 1 pregnancy (n = 41) and G2 = ≥ 2 pregnancies (n = 55). Those who reported the presence of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and/or urge incontinence (UUI) were also administered the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Short Form (ICIQ-SF). Results The most common symptoms were nocturia (90.6%), urgency (82.3%), urinary frequency (71.9%) feeling of incomplete emptying (62.5%) and SUI and/or UUI (53.1%) with no differences between groups. Only the complaint of SUI in cough was significantly higher in G2 (p = 0.04). There was no difference on QoL between groups based on ICIQ-SF scores among those with UI (53.1%), however G1 reported serious impact and G2 very serious impact. Conclusion Almost all women reported some type of urinary symptom and the most prevalent were nocturia, urgency, pollakiuria, feeling of incomplete emptying and SUI and/or UUI. SUI was more prevalent among women with two or more pregnancies and during cough were significantly higher. Regardless of the number of pregnancies, the presence any type of UI had a negative impact on QoL.
Planejamento reprodutivo em área indígena e a busca pela atenção diferenciada: os dilemas entre desigualdade e diferença
Authors: Ávila Bruna Teixeira , Alves Sandra Valongueiro
Published: October 2022

Resumo A atenção diferenciada é um princípio fundamental para um cuidado não colonizador das populações indígenas. Um dos desafios nesse campo é o planejamento reprodutivo, por envolver tensões entre vontades coletivas e individuais, além da tutela e da autonomia, principalmente com a inserção mais contínua de profissionais via Programa Mais Médicos, como ocorreu no Território Yanomami. O objetivo deste artigo é discutir os aspectos envolvidos na atenção diferenciada ao planejamento reprodutivo, por meio da comparação entre o trabalho de profissionais de saúde em área indígena e não indígena. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo de caso etnográfico com observação participante do exercício das equipes acessadas pela Supervisão do Programa Mais Médicos e entrevistas com seis profissionais, selecionados pela diversidade de seus perfis. A partir da análise de conteúdo, foram identificadas três categorias: diferença e desigualdade; similaridades; e desafios. Tais divisões trazem a noção de comparação fisiológica, que gera abordagem biomédica, passando pela confusão entre diferença e desigualdade, aspecto responsável por favorecer a colonização e a negação dos direitos - e até as compreensões dos profissionais sobre a cultura - que atravessam o diálogo intercultural.
Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra e suas contribuições para a Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional durante a pandemia de covid-19 no Brasil
Authors: Laurentino Jackson Silva Lima , Silva Adarlam Tadeu da , Silva Erica Rodrigues da , Silva Catarine Santos da , Almeida Luymara Pereira Bezerra de
Published: October 2022

Resumo A pandemia de covid-19 agravou a fome e a insegurança alimentar em todo o mundo, causando mobilização dos movimentos sociais para amenizar esse cenário. Este artigo objetiva caracterizar e analisar as ações e a contribuição do Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra para a promoção da Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional durante a pandemia no Brasil. A pesquisa documental foi a base para as informações do escopo do estudo. A coleta de dados foi realizada pela busca de documentos por meio de ferramentas de busca online. Os documentos encontrados foram verificados acerca de sua veracidade e examinados pela análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Dentre eles, a maioria são notícias. As ações realizadas foram de doações e vendas de alimentos e doações de sementes para plantio. Os alimentos doados advinham da produção orgânica e agroecológica do movimento. Tais ações ocorreram em diversas regiões do país e foram ao encontro da melhoria do acesso e disponibilidade de alimentos às populações vulnerabilizadas, o que promoveu o acesso a alimentos de qualidade e seguros. Isso demonstra que as ações realizadas pelo movimento contribuíram para o enfrentamento da fome durante a pandemia e destacam a importância dos movimentos do campo na promoção da Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional.
IncRNA XIST Stimulates Papillary Thyroid Cancer Development through the miR-330-3p/PDE5A Axis
Authors: Cai Tao , He Yan , Peng Binyu
Published: October 2022

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) possess both tumor suppressive and oncogenic functions in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Among all the thyroid cancers, PTC is the most prevalent form. Herein, we aim to determine the regulatory mechanisms and functions of lncRNA XIST in the multiplication, invasion, and survival of PTC. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot experiments were performed to determine the patterns of lncRNA XIST, miR-330-3p, and PDE5A expressions. The subcellular localization of XIST was determined through subcellular fractionation. Bioinformatics analyses were performed to determine miR-330-3p's relationships with XIST and PDE5A, which were further confirmed through luciferase reporter assays. Loss-of-function combined with Transwell, CCK-8, and caspase-3 activity experiments were performed to determine the mechanism of the XIST/miR-330-3p/PDE5A axis in regulating the malignancy of PTC cells. Xenograft tumor experiment was employed to study the influence of XIST on tumor development in vivo. The PTC cell lines and tissues manifested considerably high levels of lncRNA XIST expression. The XIST knockdown inhibited proliferation, blocked migration, and strengthened apoptosis among PTC cells. Moreover, its knockdown suppressed PTC tumor development in vivo. XIST repressed miR-330-3p to stimulate the malignant behaviors of PTC. Through the downregulation of PDE5A, miR-330-3p attenuated the capability of PTC cells to grow, migrate, and survive. lncRNA XIST promotes tumor development in PTC through the regulation of the miR-330-3p/PDE5A axis. The findings from this study provide new insights into the treatment of PTC.
Monitoring, control and reduction of bioaerosols in the intensive care unit in Turkey
Authors: Lakestani Sanaz , Cakir Ibrahim , Gozdas Hasan Tahsin , Yildiz Isa , Demirhan Abdullah
Published: October 2022

Maintaining high indoor air quality in hospitals is important for protecting the health of both personnel and patients. In this study, the results of air quality monitoring carried out in the intensive care unit of a hospital in Bolu, Turkey, are discussed. Air disinfection devices were used to reduce the concentrations of bacteria. A 4-week sampling programme was implemented. In the first and the last weeks of the sampling, the disinfection devices were turned off, while in the second and third weeks, they were turned on. Bioaerosols were collected, and their indoor levels were determined by counting all plate colonies and bacterial types were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation–time of flight mass spectrometry. The highest levels of bacteria were measured in the mornings and before the air disinfection devices were turned on. Doctors did their rounds at approximately nine to ten o’clock. The dominant bacteria in the air samples examined were Staphylococcus hominis, Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus capitis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Corynebacterium afermentans and Staphylococcus haemolyticus. The results showed that the air disinfection devices were effective in decreasing the concentration of microorganisms between 83.4 and 55% in the intensive care unit, which is very important for the healthcare staff and patients, particularly during pandemics.
Durability behaviour of high-volume fly ash self-compacting recycled aggregate concrete
Authors: Kumar Krishna , Kapoor Kanish , Singh Ran Bir , Singh Paramveer
Published: October 2022

This study presents utilisation of high-volume fly ash (HVFA) in the design of self-compacting concrete (SCC) containing alternative aggregate particles. Class F fly ash was used in a binary blend of Portland cement at a fixed dosage of 50% by weight of powder, and natural coarse and fine aggregates were replaced with coarse and fine recycled concrete aggregates (RCAs), respectively, at replacement levels of 0, 50 and 100% by volume. The durability properties of the SCC mixes were studied using the rapid chloride penetration test, initial surface absorption test and capillary suction test. The results of the study showed that the concrete mix made with replacement of natural coarse aggregates with 50% coarse RCAs, the concrete mix made replacement of natural fine aggregates with 50% fine RCAs and the concrete mix made with replacement of both natural coarse and fine aggregates with the respective RCAs at 50% replacement levels had satisfactory performance without compromising their fresh and hardened-state properties. Furthermore, the incorporation of HVFA in SCCs improved the hardened-state properties at later ages of curing due to the secondary pozzolanic reaction.
Sustainability appraisal of arsenic mitigation policy innovations in West Bengal, India
Authors: Koley Soumyajit
Published: October 2022

Treatment of arsenic-contaminated shallow groundwater upon extraction has become imperative to provide safe drinking water in remote villages in West Bengal, India. Arsenic removal plants (ARPs) stabilising arsenic-rich waste water ‘in situ’, despite saving valuable time and money, require high technical expertise for operation and maintenance, which is difficult to facilitate in rural communities lacking the necessary infrastructural support. Contrarily, arsenic removal units (ARUs) have been widely accepted by the society for their user-friendliness. However, most of them produce a high volume of hazardous sludge, safe commercial reuse of which can be done by ‘ex situ’ stabilisation with clay bricks. Based on the number of ARPs and ARUs needed to help households seeking remedy, a cost–benefit analysis of the remediation and waste-management aspects is performed by system dynamics modelling. For a major arsenic-affected district of the state, the simulation results suggest that in lieu of ARPs, installation of ARUs is deemed to be financially sustainable for at least 15 years from now, if the arsenic-laden bricks are sold at a price 20% higher than normal. Future projections of groundwater draft and stress in the region commensurately confirm the economic and environmental sustainability of the arsenic remediation.
The influence of boundary conditions on simulation of pressure wave reflection in a pipe
Authors: Zhao Linkun , Deng Jianqiang , Guo Xijian , Cao Zheng
Published: October 2022

Previous studies have demonstrated that the flow characteristics of pressure waves in hydraulic experiments show two types of reflected waves: those with the same type pressure vibration trend and those with the opposite vibration trend, with the pressure amplitude equal to that of the original wave. Reflection characteristics in a simulation must be consistent with those found experimentally. To determine reasonable boundary conditions (BCs), the focus of this work was the simulation of pressure wave reflection under five combinations of BCs using computational fluid dynamics. Three three-dimensional simulation models were developed based on the k–ε turbulence model. Reflection characteristics were obtained under the different BCs. The results showed that the pressure boundary in the pipe simulated the reflected waves correctly. The reservoir was found to be more accurate than the pressure boundary, which reflected the slight fluctuation in the reflected wave. Both the wall boundary and the velocity boundary could be used to simulate valve operation. However, if intercepting part of the pipeline, the reflected wave showed phase advance and pressure amplitude attenuation compared with that at the same position in the original pipeline. This study is helpful for setting reasonable BCs in pressure wave simulations.
Prosecuting Human Violations Committed in the Anglophone Cameroon Crisis: A Disquisition on the Legal Framework
Authors: Cho Derrick T , Agbor Avitus
Published: October 2022

The prosecution of perpetrators of mass violations of human rights remains one of the unfinished tasks of Africa's ʺdemocraciesʺ which, in itself, is eloquent evidence of the need for systemic arrangements to protect human rights, build a culture of the rule of law and ultimately defeat impunity. Emboldened by the absence of the foregoing, accountability for human rights violations of individuals and the fulfilment of the corresponding duty to prosecute violators have been contentious issues in Africa's politically volatile communities. As states are caught betwixt and between protecting human rights and holding individuals accountable, the questions about the State's fulfilment of its international obligations arises. Sourced primarily from international treaties, customary international law, and general principles of law, the duty to prosecute violations of human rights is revisited with a focus on the theoretical and legal framework. Situated in the context of the ongoing Anglophone Cameroon crisis in which political factions of the English-speaking regions are pitted against the French-speaking dominated Government of Cameroon, and bringing to the fore the violations, which have become an odious scourge, this paper argues that there is a sacrosanct duty on the Government of Cameroon to investigate, prosecute and punish such violations. The paper interrogates the relevant international law instruments and engages in a dialogue with relevant and respectable literature penned by prominent scholars and jurists on the issue of accountability. It provides an analytical disquisition on the duty to prosecute which, as argued herein, must be fulfilled by Cameroon given the violations that have been committed during the ongoing Anglophone Cameroon crisis.
The Right to Electricity in South Africa
Authors: Dube Felix , Moyo Chantelle
Published: October 2022

In this note, we examine access to electricity as a right in South African law. We also consider whether deprivations, interferences and disruptions of electricity supply are justifiable limitations of the right. While recent court decisions view access to electricity as a supplement to the Bill of Rights, judicial treatment of electricity as a right precedes the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996. Prior to the adoption of the Constitution, the courts treated access to electricity as a common law right in the context of servitudes and personal and contractual rights. Under the Constitution, the right to access to electricity flows from the constitutional and statutory obligations of Eskom, South Africa's power utility, to provide reliable electricity supply and to ensure just administrative action when taking actions that result in the deprivation of electricity. From a Bill of Rights perspective, the cases show that the right to electricity, albeit not expressed in the text of the Constitution, is a condition for the exercise of other rights, including the rights to human dignity and access to adequate housing, water and health care. We conclude that the deprivation of electricity through loadshedding and other interruptions by Eskom, landlords and body corporates are violations of the right to access to electricity. These violations could be remedied through spoliation and constitutional remedies.
The Constitutionality of the National Health Insurance Bill: The Treatment of Asylum Seekers
Authors: Moyo Priscilla , Botha Joanna , Govindjee Avinash
Published: October 2022

As the supreme law of the land, the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 (the Constitution) requires that any law or conduct be consistent with its provisions. The Draft National Health Insurance Bill, 2019 (the Bill) is no exception. Clause 4 of the Bill states that South African citizens, permanent residents and refugees will have access to quality health care services whilst asylum seekers and undocumented migrants will have access to emergency medical services, as well as services for notifiable conditions of public health concern. The treatment of asylum seekers is concerning given the fact that asylum seekers are a vulnerable group which enjoys special status under international law. This article seeks to assess the constitutionality of clause 4 of the Bill in so far as it limits the access to health care services for asylum seekers. The objective is to ascertain the extent to which the differential treatment of asylum seekers is permissible. Clause 4 of the Bill will be benchmarked against sections 9 and 27 of the Constitution and international law.
Language in the Context of South African Workplace Discrimination Law
Authors: Louw Andre
Published: October 2022

This contribution considers the role of language as a prohibited ground of unfair discrimination in the workplace in South Africa, an area of law that has been somewhat neglected in the literature to date. It starts by setting out the constitutional and legislative framework for the protection of language rights and the prohibition of unfair discrimination based on language as a listed ground. It then, with brief comparative reference to other prominent jurisdictions, explains the potential ways in which an employer may unfairly discriminate against employees based on language, following which it considers the potential grounds for justification of language-based discrimination in the workplace. After consideration of the sparse case law on the topic in South Africa, it highlights a few specific issues regarding language and workplace discrimination, before concluding with some thoughts on potential future developments.
Randomised controlled trial of intramuscular tramadol versus transdermal buprenorphine patch for early postoperative surgical pain
Authors: Kirpichnikov A , Koto M , Ghoor F
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND: This study assesses the efficiency of the buprenorphine patch system compared to the routine use of tramadol intramuscular injections in the context of the South African public healthcare sector METHODS: Patients were randomised into two groups, who received routine tramadol injections 100 mg every 8 hours intramuscular and buprenorphine patches 5 mcg every hour. The study assessed the first 48 hours postoperatively. A visual discrete pain scale was used to assess the level of postoperative pain as well as all complications associated with insufficient analgesic administration RESULTS: The sample size included 75 patients in the tramadol group and 75 patients in the buprenorphine patch group. Nine patients (12%, p-value < 0.0001) who received the buprenorphine patch subsequently required additional analgesia. The pain score was found to be significantly less in the buprenorphine patch group on both day 1 and day 2, as were complications such as vomiting, nausea, nightmares, sweating and insomnia. The pain score in the buprenorphine group was significantly lower compared to the tramadol group. The use of the buprenorphine patch showed a slight increase in costs compared to the tramadol group (R7 800.75 vs R7 537.50; p-value 0.483) in the whole study CONCLUSION: The study showed that the use of the buprenorphine patch is a reliable and effective method of postoperative analgesia, although it is slightly more expensive compared to the routine use of tramadol. The buprenorphine patch showed significantly better results in all assessed parameters; thus, it may be recommended for use at the Dr George Mukhari Academic Hospital (DGMAH
Short-term outcomes of one-stage bilateral total hip arthroplasty in a South African setting
Authors: Mia S , Rajpaul J , Goga I
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is one of the most successful orthopaedic surgical procedures that dramatically improves function, pain relief and quality of life for the patient. In South Africa, we have a high prevalence of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) and inflammatory arthropathy affecting a young population. This subgroup of patients is usually between the ages of 30 and 50 years (young) and they require bilateral total hip replacements (BTHA) to allow them to return to their previous level of function and employment. The study aimed to assess the short-term outcomes and complications in patients with bilateral hip pathology managed surgically with a one-stage BTHA METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed a series of 33 patients who underwent a one-stage BTHA at a high-volume arthroplasty unit in a central hospital in South Africa between January 2016 and December 2018. The mean age was 38 years (standard deviation [SD] 9 years), and the most common diagnosis was ONFH (76%). In this cohort, 12 patients (36%) tested HIV positive. We assessed patient folders for diagnosis, perioperative details, postoperative follow-up and complications. Radiographic analysis was also performed RESULTS: There were no revisions or planned surgical interventions for any of the patients at a median follow-up of 22 months (interquartile range [IQR] 11-45 months). Thirty patients reported no hip pain and walked unaided at their most recent follow-up visit. Two patients reported groin pain and continued to walk with a single crutch. One patient demised from unrelated causes approximately one year post-surgery. The only perioperative complication was a urinary tract infection (UTI) in one patient. The median postoperative length of stay was six days (IQR 4-7 days), and no other medical or surgical complications were reported. Radiographic analysis revealed four patients (12%) with Brooker grade 1 heterotopic ossification in six hips CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that surgical treatment with a one-stage BTHA is a good alternative to a two-stage BTHA when performed in a high-volume arthroplasty centre and carefully selected patients. The 30-day mortality rate was 0%, and the complication rate was low Level of evidence: Level 4
Debridement versus Simple Scrubbing of External Fixator Pin Sites
Authors: Nolte Jack , Dallman Johnathan , Tucker William , Christensen Erin , Heddings Archie
Published: October 2022

Introduction. Irrigation and debridement of external fixator pin sites is one method utilized by orthopedic surgeons to prevent surgical site infections in patients undergoing definitive internal fixation after temporization in an external fixation device. This study aims to determine if irrigation and debridement of external fixator pin-sites leads to fewer deep surgical site infections, compared to simply scrubbing the external fixator pin sites with a chlorhexidine scrub-brush.
Methods. This single center retrospective cohort study was performed at a University Level I Trauma Center. All cases in which a single surgeon removed an external fixator and followed this with definitive open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) in the same operative setting between October 2007 and October 2018 were reviewed. 313 patients were temporized in 334 external fixators prior to ORIF and were included in the study.
Results. 18 of the 179 Irrigation and Debridement cohort (10.0%) and 8 of the 155 Simple Scrubbing cohort (5.2%) resulted in infections that required return to the operating room. We found no statistical difference (p=0.10) or meaningful effect size (Cohen’s d= 0.18) between irrigation and debridement and simple scrubbing of external fixator pin-sites.
Conclusions. Given no significant difference was found between debridement of pin sites versus simply scrubbing, the authors propose further studies should focus on the time and resources required for debriding external fixator pin sites.
Comparing Outcomes of Robotic-Assisted versus Conventional Laparoscopic Hiatal Hernia Repair
Authors: Tjeerdsma Marcus , Quinn Karson , Helmer Stephen , Vincent Kyle
Published: October 2022

Introduction. Robotic-assisted laparoscopic surgery for anti-reflux and hiatal hernia surgery is becoming increasingly prevalent. The purpose of this study was to compare hospital length of stay and outcomes of robotic-assisted versus conventional laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair.
Methods. A retrospective review was conducted of 58 patients who underwent robotic-assisted laparoscopic (n = 42, 72.4%) or conventional laparoscopic (n = 16, 27.6%) hiatal hernia repair.
Results. Patient characteristics and comorbidities were similar between groups. The robotic-assisted group had a significantly higher use of fundoplication (81.3% vs. 38.1%; p = 0.007). Complications observed between the robotic-assisted and conventional laparoscopic groups were pneumothorax (6.3% vs. 11.9%, p = 1.000), infection (0% vs. 4.8%, p = 1.000), perforation (0% vs. 2.4%, P=1.000), bleeding (6.3% vs. 2.4%, p = 0.479), ICU admission (31.3% vs. 11.9%, p = 0.119), and mechanical ventilation (18.8% vs. 2.4%, p = 0.60). There were no reported complications of dysphagia, DVT/PE, MI, or death in either group. Hospital length of stay was similar for robotic vs conventional patients (3.0 vs. 2.5 days, p = 0.301).
Conclusions. This study’s data showed robotic-assisted hiatal hernia repair has comparable outcomes to conventional laparoscopic repair.
Maternidade solo e interseccionalidades: práticas de cuidado no contexto da atenção básica
Authors: Nascimento Alice Maria Ventura da Silva , Martins Daniela Maria Barreto , Bonfim Camila Barreto , Bernardo Kátia Jane Chaves
Published: October 2022

INTRODUÇÃO: As maternidades solo, como realidade significativa no Brasil, representam uma experiência determinada por estruturas de poder, que incidem na vida das mulheres, sobretudo negras, levando-as a trajetórias permeadas de sofrimento psíquico. Este estudo se fundamenta na importância de conhecer a atuação e os desafios de Psicólogas(os) que acolhem estas mulheres no contexto da Atenção Básica. OBJETIVO: Compreender a percepção de psicólogas(os) acerca de suas práticas, junto a mulheres mães solo na Atenção Básica, com atenção às questões de gênero, raça e interseccionalidades. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, de natureza descritivo/exploratória. A pesquisa de campo foi desenvolvida na cidade de Salvador-BA, no período de 2020-2021. A coleta de dados ocorreu em duas etapas: questionário online e entrevistas semiestruturadas. As análises foram realizadas a partir do aporte teórico da psicologia social crítica, com abordagem compreensiva das falas circunstanciadas dos sujeitos. RESULTADOS: Observou-se um contexto de ausências de cuidado às mulheres mães solo. Embora a maternidade solo seja uma experiência frequente na vida das mulheres negras e pobres, não há planejamentos específicos para a atenção e cuidado a estas usuárias, tampouco estratégias são citadas no desenho das políticas públicas para o acolhimento e cuidado de mães solo. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: As lacunas no entendimento e nas ações direcionadas às mulheres mães solo configuram-se como uma das ausências de cuidado e atenção a estas mulheres. Faz-se necessário reafirmar o compromisso ético-político da Psicologia com as reais necessidades da população brasileira, para a garantia da vida e saúde de todos os sujeitos.
Relationship Between Obesity with Galanin and Vaspin Levels
Authors: TAKMET Murat , TÜZÜN Dilek , ŞAHİN Murat , DOĞANER Adem , KILINÇ Metin
Published: October 2022

Objective: Our aim was to compare vaspin and galanin in obese and normal weight individuals, to reveal whether these parameters are related to obesity and other related parameters.
Material and Methods: Forty patients with obesity and 40 control subjects were included in the study. Biochemical parameters were recorded from patient’s files. Galanin and vaspin levels were studied from the sample obtained as a result of centrifugation of blood samples taken from the patients.
Results: The groups were similar to each other in terms of gender and age (p>0.05). Galanine levels were higher in the group with obesity compared to the control group (p<0.001). Vaspin levels were higher in the group with obesity compared to the control group, but it was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Glucose, insulin, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were statistically significantly higher in the patient group than in the control group (p<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in terms of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) (p>0.05). A statistically significant positive correlation was found with galanin, glucose, insulin, and body mass index (BMI), respectively (p<0.001, r=0.401; p <0.001, r=0.519; p <0.001, r=0.714). Also there was statistically significant positive correlation between vaspin and insulin, BMI, respectively (p=0.05, r=0.222; p=0.03, r=0.238).
Conclusion: Our results show that high serum concentrations of galanin and vaspin in obese subjects may be the result of weight gain or may be one of many factors involved in the pathogenesis of obesity.
How Different are Girls and Boys as Bullies and Victims? Comparative Perspectives on Gender and Age in the Bullying Dynamics
Authors: Gomes Ana , Costa Martins Mariana , Silva Beatriz , Ferreira Edite , Nunes Odete , Castro Caldas Alexandre
Published: October 2022

Bullying involves aggressive behaviors with the intention to harm others, including manifestations of systematic abuse of power. Two types of bullying can be considered: physical and psychological. Students may get involved in bullying dynamics as bullies, victims, or both - aggressive victims. The literature defines bullying as a global phenomenon, affecting both girls and boys. Therefore, Portuguese schools are no exception, with several studies from North to South of the country demonstrating the presence of bullying in schools, both in elementary and middle schools. The aim of this study is to elaborate the differences and experiences by both genders, boys and girls, in the current dynamics of school bullying. Thus, answering the question - how different are girls and boys as bullies and victims?  In addition, it intends to impart the acquired knowledge and raise awareness of the implications of this social context in which Portuguese children are currently involved. The results obtained from a sample of 1147 students attending the 1st cycle of Portuguese education (elementary schools) were in line with previous studies. In order to enrich the literature, bullies, victims, and aggressive victims were characterized in detail. Finally, the importance of the adults’ intervention, especially teachers, was highlighted.
Ergen Sporcularda Spora Bağlılık İle İlişkili Bireysel ve Sosyal Faktörler: Sistematik Derleme
Authors: MERDAN Halis Egemen , ÇAĞLAR Emine
Published: October 2022

Spora katılım, devamlılık ve sporu bırakmayla ilişkili faktörlerin ortaya konmasında önemli bir yapı olan spora bağlılığın incelenmesi, ülkemizde bu kavramın daha kapsamlı bir şekilde anlaşılması, alan yazındaki boşlukları açığa çıkararak yeni araştırma soruları ortaya konmasını sağlaması açısından önemlidir. Spora bağlılığı daha iyi anlamak, fiziksel olarak daha aktif bir topluma sahip olmak için önemli bir fırsat sunabilir. Bu bağlamda bu çalışmanın amacı alan yazındaki spora bağlılık ile ilişkili psikososyal faktörleri sistematik derleme metodu ile ortaya koymaktır. Derleme PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) yönergelerine uygun olarak, PubMed, Google Scholar, SPORTDiscus ve Taylor-Francis Online veri tabanlarında, “sport commitment” anahtar kelimeleri kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Tarama sonucunda toplam 1132 çalışmaya ulaşılmıştır. Ön incelemeler sonrası spora bağlılık (Sport Commitment) modelini (Scanlan ve diğ., 1993) temel alan, hakemli dergide yayınlanan, örneklem grubunun yaş aralığı 10-18 yaş (erken ve orta ergenlik) arasında olan, spora bağlılık ile ilişkili faktörleri inceleyen çalışmalar gibi dâhil etme kriterleri, İngilizce dilinde yazılmama, nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanma gibi dışlama kriterleri göz önünde bulundurularak 20 çalışma sistematik derlemeye dâhil edilmiştir. Dâhil edilen çalışmalarda yanlılık riski ve çalışmaların kalitesini değerlendirmek için Karma Yöntem Değerlendirme Aracı (Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool) kullanılmıştır. Çalışmalar spora bağlılıkla ilişkili ‘‘bireysel’’ ve ‘‘sosyal’’ faktörler olarak iki başlık altında toplanmıştır. Bulgular, spora bağlılıkla ilişkili bireysel faktörler arasında güdülenme kavramının önemli bir faktör olarak ön plana çıktığını göstermiştir. Sosyal faktörlerde ise antrenörlerin oluşturduğu ortam/iklimin sporcuların spora bağlılığı için oldukça kritik bir rolü olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak ergen sporcuların spora katılım ve devamlılığına ilişkin stratejilerin geliştirilmesinde bu faktörlerin dikkate alınması önerilir.
POLYETHNIC CHERNIVTSI: A MULTICULTURAL CITY AS A BASIS OF DEVELOPMENT OF ETHNIC TOURISM
Authors:   Chernivtsi National Yurii Fedkovych University, Dzhaman Vasyl , Dzhaman Yaroslav ,   Chernivtsi National Yurii Fedkovych University
Published: October 2022

Goals: disclosure of the effect of population's ethnic structure upon formation of poly-cultural space of the city that represents the basis for the development of ethnic tourism; analysis of potentialities for development of ethnic tourism in poly-ethnic City of Chernivtsi. Methods: processing of statistical and analytical materials using such methods of geographical research as systems-structural and diachronic, descriptive, comparative-geographical and statistical analyses. Study results. Chernivtsi is a vivid example of poly-ethnic urban space, the fact which is confirmed by the diachronic analysis of the index of ethnic variety (1880 – 0,941, 1930 – 0,964, 1970 – 0,705). Ukrainians, Jews, Germans, Poles, Rumanians, Moldavians, Armenians, Czechs, Hungarians, Russians, etc were among the largest ethnic groups of the city; the citizens were an ethnically mixed and foreign ethnicity population. Ethnic communities of Chernivtsi have created their own material, cultural and spiritual heritage that formed the basis for ethnic-cultural potential and development of ethnographic excursion routes. Ethnic tourism as one of the most popular and perspective types of cultural-cognitive tourism and an important direction for strengthening tourism image involves foreign tourists and allows for integration and representation of Chernivtsi in the European and world tourism markets. Scientific novelty of this research is that tourism objects of Chernivtsi were grouped and systemized according to their ethnic belonging and the point-based scale of said objects' attractiveness was introduced. To improve the ethnic tourism activity in Chernivtsi, we have considered not only its strengths (10 positions) and capacities (11 positions) but also the weak sides (10 positions) and threats (8 positions), all these being presented in the SWOT-analysis of the development of ethnic tourism in Chernivtsi. Practical significance: the study results will be sent to Coordination Council for Tourism Development at the Chernivtsi Region State Administration to help develop plans of tourism activity and introduce new ethnographic excursion routes; national-cultural associations (Chernivtsi Regional Adam Mickiewicz Association of Polish Culture, "Arevik", Chernivtsi Region Armenian National-Cultural Association) for their educational activity and organization of ethnographic excursions in poly-cultural Chernivtsi.
EXTREME TYPES OF TOURISM IN THE DAILY ACTIVITIES OF LOCAL COMMUNITIES
Authors:   Vinnytsia Institute of Trade and Economics of Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics, Kiziun Alla
Published: October 2022

The spontaneous development of extreme types of tourism is not always correlated with the established life of local communities, which can lead to conflict situations. The aim is to analyze the peculiarities of the development of extreme types of tourism and the possibilities of their adaptation to the daily activities of local communities. Methodology: the research was carried out using a comprehensive analysis of materials of field tourism and landscape research during 2015-2020, the principles of historicism, combination and methods of GIS technologies. Results: substantiated the existence of three tourist and recreational areas confined to the Southern Bug Valley: Pechera-Sokilets, Gaivoron and Mygiya, as well as some areas in the recreational development of which certain types of extreme tourism are gradually becoming leading. For the Pechera-Sokilets tourist-recreational area the map of possibilities of development of separate kinds of extreme tourism depending on its modern landscape structure is concluded. Scientific novelty – for the first time it was researched and substantiated that within the local communities the territories of which are confined to river valleys, the tourist and recreational sphere has become profitable for the last ten years. In its structure began to actively develop previously uncharacteristic types of extreme tourism. The dependence of the development of these types of tourism on the landscape structure of the territory of local communities is shown. Practical significance – recommended to twelve local communities territorially confined to the valleys of the Southern Bug River, possible directions and importance of the development of extreme types of tourism in their daily economic activities. Areas where the development of certain types of extreme tourism will be most effective in the process of building local communities.
TERRITORIAL ORGANIZATION OF THE CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS INDUSTRY AND PROBLEMS OF MODERN DEVELOPMENT OF THE BANKING ECONOMIC REGION OF AZERBAIJAN
Authors:   Institute of Geography named after Academician Hasan Aliyev ANAS, Baku, Azerbaijan, Abdullayeva Nuriya
Published: October 2022

Aim. Baku economic region consists in collecting and processing the collected material on the current socio-economic state of the territorial organization of the building materials industry and improvement, assessing the level of potential, identifying opportunities for future development, and preparing appropriate recommendations. Methods. During the study, comparative, statistical, mathematical analysis, the method of a systematic approach and personal observations of the authors were used. Results. As a result of the analysis of the territorial organization of the building materials industry and the problems of modern development, the following conclusions were made: For the first time, in modern conditions, on the basis of statistical data and observation materials, an analysis of the territorial organization of the building materials industry and an assessment of the level of development from an economic geographical point of view. It was revealed that the construction industry uses a lot of wood, fittings, glass, faience, sanitary ware and other products that are imported from foreign countries, and such an important industry should be exempt from customs taxes, and or on preferential terms, their importation should be taken under control and guardianship of the state. - A significant part of the stone and sand quarries located in the vicinity of the city of Baku was distributed or sold to the population. Due to population growth and the expansion of the city's neighborhood, it is necessary to pay special attention to the construction of high-rise residential and government buildings in the suburbs of the city. One of the main factors that create the problem of ecological tension in the city of Baku are stone quarries located in the suburban settlements of Garadagh, Guzdek, Turkan, Zire, Mashtaga, etc., which produce sawstone and sand used at the construction sites of the city. The implementation of recycling measures at these sites is beneficial not only for the sources of building materials, but also for the protection of the coastal resort and tourist area.
CHANGE DYNAMICS OF AIR TEMPERATURE AND ATMOSPHERIC RAIN IN ALIBAY AND ZAGATALA TERRITORY OF AZERBAIJAN
Authors:   Sumgait State University, Sumgait, Azerbaijan, Musayeva Matanat Aghayar
Published: October 2022

Aim: the main aim of the study is exploration of change dynamics of air temperature and atmospheric rain in Alibey and Zagatala territory of Azerbaijan.In the article, the author used the data for 1961-2019 to study possible climatic changes in Alibey and Zagatala on the basis of instrumental observations, as well as studied the specifics of the timing of the distribution of key parameters. One of the most serious problems of humanity today is global climate change. Therefore, the study of the temporal temperature and sediments in the current period is one of the current tasks. Temperature fluctuations and the number of sediments directly affect the stock river and, in general, the hydrological regime. The work analyzes the periodic flow of air temperature and atmospheric sediments. Averaged monthly values of temperature and sediments for decades. Methodolgy: Data from 1961-1990 were used to calculate the "norms" based on WTO recommendations. The data of Alibey (absolute height 1540 meters) and Zagatala (absolute height 487 meters) meteorological stations of the former Hydrometeorological Committee and the current National Hydrometeorology Department were used to conduct these analyzes. Results:Calculated the mean square deviations of air temperature and determined large anomalies (1.5σ). For the considered seasons, years were found with a shortage of sediments and with abundant sediments. It has been established that in the last decade the number of positive temperature anomalies has increased. Sustaining the trend towards warming, with insignificant cooling in the last decade, as well as the absence of significant changes in the regime of sediments. It was found that the world community is seriously concerned about the number of natural disasters, huge losses caused by droughts and fires, which are the result of changes occurring in the surrounding area. It is stated that this fact testifies to the sharp trend of increasing the aridization of the territory, although the observed increase in air temperature is not accompanied by the corresponding increase in atmospheric sediments. The conclusion is that the effective means of preventing the consequences of climate change will be the creation and strengthening of the system of forecasting poverty and climatic services. Scientific novelity: The increase of air temperature is significantly to cause some early melting of the soil, resulting in an increase in water losses during spring floods
DÜZELTME: PERAKENDE İŞLETMELERİN DAĞITIM KANALLARINDAN BEKLENTİLERİ, İŞLETME BÜYÜKLÜĞÜNÜ ETKİLEYEN DEĞİŞKENLER BOYUTUNDA ANALİZİ
Authors: Gedik Hasan , Çimen İsa
Published: October 2022

Lastik otomotiv endüstrisi için vazgeçilmez bir girdi kalemi olup birçok kullanıcıya bu sayede ulaşmaktadır. Otomotiv endüstrisi için olan önemi, geniş kitlelere ulaşan bir sektör olması, elde edilen nicel verilerin yorumlanıp perakende noktalarının büyüklüğünün katılımcı özelliği ve firma niteliği boyutunda analiz yapılması ve katılımcıların dağıtım kanallarından olan beklenti düzeylerini ölçüp hem lastik perakende noktalarına hem de dağıtıcılarına gelecekteki sektör planlarına katkı sağlayacak olması araştırmayı önemli kılmıştır.

Araştırma katılımcı özelliklerini, firma niteliklerini belirlemek ve bunları hem çalışılan firma hem de dağıtıcı büyüklüğünü belirleyen değişken boyutlarında analiz etmek ve perakende noktalarının dağıtıcılarına verdikleri önemlilik boyutlarına dair ölçümlemeler yapmayı amaçlamıştır. Belirtilen amaçlar doğrultusunda Konya bölgesinde faaliyet gösteren 137 firmadan 114’ü ile 01Eylül–20 Ekim 2016 tarihleri arasında yüz yüze görüşülerek, anket çalışması ile veriler toplanmış ve uygulamalı nicel bir araştırma yapılmıştır. Konya bölgesinde ve bu bölgedeki lastik perakende noktaları üzerinde yapılmış olmasını araştırmanın sınırlılıkları oluşturmuştur.

Katılımcı demografik özelliklerinden eğitim durumu, çalıştıkları firmanın büyüklüğünü belirleyen çalışan sayısına göre anlamlı farklık göstermiş olduğu, merkezi eğilim istatistik analizine göre dağıtım kanalı boyutunda finans, teknik ve ürün en fazla önemsenen olurken, reklam, sipariş ve sevkiyat en az önemsenen boyutları oluşturduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Lastik perakende firma işletmecilerine bir takım eğitim programlarına dahil olmalı ve dağıtıcıları finans teknik ve ürün boyutunda onları desteklemelerinin gerekli olduğu görülmüştür.
A Mimesis Approach to German Citizen Families: Focusing on Lessing’s Works
Authors:   The Korean Society For German History, Choi Sun-Ah
Published: October 2022

The new concept of ‘citizen families’ in European society, including Germany, is sometimes idealized in literary works. The concept of covoc family was established in connection with the enlightenment and the civil revolution and industrialization process developed in the 18th-19th century. The theme of family is a subject covered in academic fields such as psychology, pedagogy, cultural history, and social history. Literary works from the Enlightenment period not only on the ideals and values of the civic family of the time, but also on the inherent conflict issues. It's easy to form a consensus when the main characters of a play watched by the citizen audience are in the same class. Lessing feels the misfortune that the citizen audience experienced in the citizen's family and the feelings of the characters in the play through civic tragedy. Thus, in “Emilia Gallotti”, Lessing said, “At a time when a new form of small family emerged, the problems of patriarchy and individual.