bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Accommodating loss
Authors: Coombes Trish
Published: December 2022

The focus of this paper is the continuing relationship we have with people after they die. My writing is based on 12 years' experience of working with grieving people, three years of that time concentrated in a hospice. It is also founded in my own experience of grief. The paper emphasises that both in working with others and in our own grief our responses are personal and individual. Because we are all unique, there is no right or wrong way to grieve, just different ways. That is what our grieving clients need to hear.
Psychoanalytic psychotherapy supervision of UJ
Authors: Puthenpadath Laetitia
Published: December 2022

This paper explores various aspects of the supervisory process with UJ and illustrates the problems we had to face. It highlights the systemic issues and the complexities of philosophical and cultural differences. It also analyses the anxiety present in the supervisory relationship.
Evaluation of Publication of COVID-19–Related Articles Initially Presented as Preprints
Authors: Llor Carl , Moragas Ana , Maier Manfred
Published: December 2022

This cross-sectional study evaluates subsequent journal publication of COVID-19–related articles initially posted as medRxiv preprints in 2020.
Prescription Drug Provisions in the Inflation Reduction Act
Authors: Shih Ya-Chen Tina , Yabroff K. Robin , Bradley Cathy J.
Published: December 2022

This Viewpoint discusses the potential of provisions of the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 to mitigate cancer-related financial hardship.
Establishment and Characterization of Single and Triple‐Agent Resistant Osteosarcoma Cell Lines
Authors: Low Kaan , Hills Frank , Roberts Helen C. , Stordal Britta
Published: December 2022

Two human osteosarcoma cell lines (MG‐63 and HOS‐143B) are developed into drug‐resistant models using a short‐term drug exposure and recovery in drug‐free media. Cisplatin, doxorubicin, and methotrexate are used as single agents and in triple combination. The highest level of resistance to cisplatin is observed in MG‐63/CISR8, doxorubicin in HOS‐143B/DOXR8, and methotrexate in HOS‐143B/MTXR8. The MG‐63/TRIR8 and HOS‐143B/TRIR8 triple‐resistance models show lower levels of resistance to combination treatment and are not resistant to the drugs individually. Apoptosis assays suggest that the resistance in MG‐63/TRIR8 isfrom cisplatin and methotrexate and not doxorubicin. In contrast, the resistance in HOS‐143B/TRIR8 is from doxorubicin and methotrexate instead of cisplatin. Upregulation of P‐glycoprotein is seen in all resistant models except those developed with single‐agent methotrexate. However, P‐glycoprotein is not causing resistance in all cell lines as the inhibitor elacridar only reverses the resistance of doxorubicin on MG‐63/DOXR8 and HOS‐143B/TRIR8. The migration of the MG‐63 resistant models is significantly increased, their invasion rate tends to increase, and RT‐PCR shows a switch from epithelial to mesenchymal gene signaling. In contrast, a significant decrease in migration is seen in HOS‐143B resistant models with their invasion rate tending to decrease and a switch from mesenchymal to epithelial gene signaling.
Wide‐Temperature, Long‐Cycling, and High‐Loading Pyrite All‐Solid‐State Batteries Enabled by Argyrodite Thioarsenate Superionic Conductor
Authors: Lu Pushun , Xia Yu , Huang Yuli , Li Zhendong , Wu Yujing , Wang Xue , Sun Guochen , Shi Shaochen , Sha Zhengju , Chen Liquan , Li Hong , Wu Fan
Published: December 2022

Rechargeable FeS2 battery has been regarded as a promising energy storage device, due to its potentially high energy density and ultralow cost. However, the short lifespan associated with the shuttle effect of polysulfides, large volume change, agglomeration of Fe0 nanoparticles, narrow operating temperature range, and sluggish reaction kinetics, greatly impede the application of rechargeable FeS2 lithium‐ion batteries. Herein, an all‐solid‐state battery (ASSB) coupling commercialized FeS2 is proposed with a novel superionic conductor Li6.8Si0.8As0.2S5I (LASI‐80Si) to overcome these challenges. The shuttle effect of polysulfides and volume change of FeS2 are suppressed or completely eliminated in ASSB, due to solid‐solid conversion of Li2S/S and large stacking pressure, respectively. Furthermore, the operating temperature range (−60–60 °C) is significantly expanded by the ultra‐high and temperature‐insensitive ionic conductivity of LASI‐80Si (Ea = 0.20 eV), along with the superior FeS2/LASI‐80Si interface stability. Thanks to the extra Li+ provided by Li2S and LiI functional phases, the “bridge” effect of LiI on facile interfacial Li‐ion conduction, and the enhanced reaction kinetics of LASI‐80Si ( 10.4 mS cm−1), ASSBs with LASI‐80Si deliver long cycle life (244 cycles at 0.1 C and 600 cycles at 1 C), superior rate capability (20 C), high areal mass loading (13.37 mg cm−2), and ultrahigh areal capacity (9.05 mAh cm−2). These inspiring results demonstrate the enormous potential of LASI‐80Si and FeS2 combination for practical application of wide‐temperature and large‐capacity ASSBs.
Space‐Charge Control of Magnetism in Ferromagnetic Metals: Coupling Giant Magnitude and Robust Endurance
Authors: Li Zhaohui , Liu Hengjun , Zhao Zhiqiang , Zhang Qinghua , Fu Xingke , Li Xiangkun , Gu Fangchao , Zhong Hai , Pan Yuanyuan , Chen Guihuan , Li Qinghao , Li Hongsen , Chen Yanxue , Gu Lin , Jin Kuijuan , Yan Shishen , Miao Guo‐xing , Ge Chen , Li Qiang
Published: December 2022

Ferromagnetic metals show great prospects in ultralow‐power‐consumption spintronic devices, due to their high Curie temperature and robust magnetization. However, there is still a lack of reliable solutions for giant and reversible voltage control of magnetism in ferromagnetic metal films. Here, a novel space‐charge approach is proposed which allows for achieving a modulation of 30.3 emu/g under 1.3 V in Co/TiO2 multilayer granular films. The robust endurance with more than 5000 cycles is demonstrated. Similar phenomena exist in Ni/TiO2 and Fe/TiO2 multilayer granular films, which shows its universality. The magnetic change of 107% in Ni/TiO2 underlines its potential in a voltage‐driven ON–OFF magnetism. Such giant and reversible voltage control of magnetism can be ascribed to space‐charge effect at the ferromagnetic metals/TiO2 interfaces, in which spin‐polarized electrons are injected into the ferromagnetic metal layer with the adsorption of lithium‐ions on the TiO2 surface. These results open the door for a promising method to modulate the magnetization in ferromagnetic metals, paving the way toward the development of ionic‐magnetic‐electric coupled applications.
Novel Insight into Rechargeable Aluminum Batteries with Promising Selenium Sulfide@Carbon Nanofibers Cathode
Authors: Li Linlin , Ma Yanchen , Cui Fangyan , Li Yan , Yu Deshuang , Lian Xintong , Hu Yuxiang , Li Hongyi , Peng Shengjie
Published: December 2022

Due to the unique electronic structure of aluminum ions (Al3+) with strong Coulombic interaction and complex bonding situation (simultaneously covalent/ionic bonds), traditional electrodes, mismatching with the bonding orbital of Al3+, usually exhibit slow kinetic process with inferior rechargeable aluminum batteries (RABs) performance. Herein, to break the confinement of the interaction mismatch between Al3+ and the electrode, a previously unexplored Se2.9S5.1‐based cathode with sufficient valence electronic energy overlap with Al3+ and easily accessible structure is potentially developed. Through this new strategy, Se2.9S5.1 encapsulated in multichannel carbon nanofibers with free‐standing structure exhibits a high capacity of 606 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1, high rate‐capacity (211 mAh g−1 at 2.0 A g−1), robust stability (187 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 after 3,000 cycles), and enhanced flexibility. Simultaneously, in/ex‐situ characterizations also reveal the unexplored mechanism of SexSy in RABs.
Stretchable Liquid Metal Films with High Surface Area and Strain Invariant Resistance
Authors: Vallem Veenasri , Aggarwal Vidushi , Dickey Michael D.
Published: December 2022

This paper reports soft and stretchable films of liquid metal particles (LMPs) that offer high surface area and high conductivity. Liquid metals (LM) based on gallium are compelling conductors for soft and stretchable devices, yet it is difficult to make electrodes of LM with high surface area due to the tendency of liquids to minimize their surface area. To form films of percolated particles with high surface area, LMPs are first created by sonicating LM in isopropanol with trace amounts of hydrochloric acid and 1,6‐hexane dithiol to decrease the amount of surface oxide on the LMPs. A film of these particles placed on a tacky substrate is initially insulating but percolate into conductive paths by straining the substrate. The resulting electrode has high conductivity (1.64 × 105 S m−1) and high surface area (1257% greater than a bulk LM film with the same areal footprint). Interestingly, these electrodes have nearly strain‐invariant resistance (R/R0 = 1.23 at 600% strain). The ability to create high surface area electrodes in such a simple manner may find use in sensing, capacitive storage, batteries, and energy‐harvesting devices.
Hetero‐Integrated InGaAs Photodiode and Oxide Memristor‐Based Artificial Optical Nerve for In‐Sensor NIR Image Processing
Authors: Bae Byungjoon , Park Minseong , Lee Doeon , Sim Inbo , Lee Kyusang
Published: December 2022

In‐sensor computing is an emerging architectural paradigm that fuses data acquisition and processing within a sensory domain. The integration of multiple functions into a single domain reduces the system footprint while it minimizes the energy and time for data transfer between sensory and computing units. However, it is challenging for a simple and compact image sensor array to achieve both sensing and computing in each pixel. Here, this work demonstrates a focal plane array with a heterogeneously integrated one‐photodiode one‐resistor (1P‐1R)‐based artificial optical neuron that emulates the sensing, computing, and memorization of a biological retina system. This work employs an InGaAs photodiode featuring a high responsivity and a broad spectrum that covers near‐infrared (NIR) signals and employs an HfO2 memristor as the artificial synapse to achieve the computing/memorization in an analog domain. Using the fabricated focal plane array integrated with an artificial neural network, this work performs in‐sensor image identification of finger veins driven by NIR light illumination (≈84 % accuracy). The proposed in‐sensor image computing architecture that broadly covers the NIR spectrum offers widespread application of focal plane array for computer vision, neuromorphic computing, biomedical engineering, etc.
Electric Double Layer Structure in Electrocatalytic Carbon Dioxide Reduction
Authors: Luo Tao , Liu Kang , Fu Junwei , Chen Shanyong , Li Hongmei , Pan Hao , Liu Min
Published: December 2022

Environmental degradation and climate change caused by excessive CO2 emissions have become the most serious challenges facing humanity. The electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) is an ideal way to produce high‐value chemicals and solve environmental pollution at the same time. The electric double layer (EDL) structure at the electrochemical interface can greatly influence the local catalytic environment, but it is not fully understood. Herein, recent advances in EDL structure for CO2RR are focused. The main components of the EDL, including adsorbates on the electrode surface, metal/water interface, cations, anions, and differential capacitance are described. The latest experimental and theoretical understanding of EDL and their impact on CO2RR are presented. Finally, the current challenges encountered and the outlook for future development are discussed. This review describes the influence of EDL structure on CO2 reduction, which is of guiding significance for the design of new and efficient CO2 electrocatalysts.
Flue‐cured tobacco and Cl rates: Implications on yield, quality, and nutrient concentration
Authors: Tiecher Tales , Pace Cara Ruth , Gatiboni Luke , Vann Matthew , Hardy David , Fisher Loren
Published: December 2022

The increase in flue‐cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) yields in recent decades due to genetic improvements of new cultivars and management technologies may increase the plant demand for Cl, and the increased dry mass may dilute Cl concentration, thereby reducing negative effects. This study evaluated the effect of increasing doses of Cl on tobacco production, quality, and chemical composition of leaves, in four growing environments located at research stations where flue‐cured tobacco is produced in North Carolina. The treatments consisted of 11 rates of Cl (0, 11, 22, 34, 45, 56, 67, 78, 90, 101, and 112 kg ha−1) in each growing environment, with four replications in a randomized complete block design. The yield and visual quality, total alkaloids, and reducing sugars concentrations of cured leaf were determined. In addition, the concentration of selected nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, and Cl) and nitrate (NO3−) in tobacco leaves was measured in five different periods. Rates of Cl up to 112 kg ha−1 did not reduce the productivity or quality of flue‐cured tobacco in any environment. The Cl rate required to reach the threshold of 1.0% Cl content in cured leaf was site‐specific, being surpassed even in the control treatment at one location, or with Cl rates higher than 34 and 90 kg ha−1 in two environments. In one environment, the Cl rates increased tobacco yield, probably due the direct effect of Cl as a nutrient. Although the increasing Cl rates increased the reducing sugars concentration, visual quality was not attenuated.
Photocatalytic modeling for maximizing utilization of real‐time changing sunlight and rationalizing evaluation
Authors: Wei Xuhui , Xiang Houkui , Xu Yang , Wang Zhijian , Chen Jiazang
Published: December 2022

Because of very high potential barrier for thermionic emission and trap‐assisted charge recombination, photocatalytic reaction rate that determined by semiconductor‐cocatalyst interfacial electron transfer severely deviates from linearity to the photocatalyst dosage or to the light intensity. This makes it challenging to maximize utilization of practical irradiation by referring the parameters evaluated from method used in conventional catalysis. We here develop a model and predict that photocatalytic reaction rate positively correlates to photocatalyst concentration under weak illumination while the correlation becomes negative under intense irradiation. The theoretical simulation that matches the experimental values can be used to guide maximizing photocatalytic photon utilization under various intensity of irradiation. The strong correlation can rationalize photocatalytic evaluation instead of obtaining a numerically high value by excessively lowering the denominators. To realize efficient utilization of real‐time changing sunlight, we propose a reactor configuration that can optimize the amount of photocatalyst participating into the reaction.
A Soft Growing Robot Using Hyperelastic Material
Authors: Kim Nam Gyun , Ryu Jee-Hwan
Published: December 2022

Soft growing robots have received considerable attention because of their unique locomotion. However, the use of a single material for their manufacturing causes numerous problems, because each part of the robot requires different characteristics. This study attempts to solve this fundamental problem from a material perspective, rather than integrating independent solutions. A hyperelastic material is proposed for building a soft growing robot. Several problems associated with conventional soft growing robots are addressed using a hyperelastic material that offers the required properties for each part of the soft growing robot, while maintaining its intrinsic advantages. Two unique features of hyperelastic materials, bulging and shape‐locking, are introduced. The advantages that these two features offer to soft growing robots are investigated and analyzed. A soft growing robot, utilizing these features, can easily achieve shape locking, small tail tension, easy retraction, uniform circular inner channel, and wrinkle‐free curve formation, without additional hardware. The initial concept of the growing and steering mechanisms of a hyperelastic soft growing robot is proposed and demonstrated using a prototype.
A framework for addressing Alzheimer's disease: Without a frame, the work has no aim
Authors: Ball Daniel E. , Mattke Soeren , Frank Lori , Murray James F. , Noritake Ryoji , MacLeod Timothy , Benham‐Hermetz Samantha , Kurzman Alissa , Ferrell Phyllis
Published: December 2022

Confronting Alzheimer's disease (AD) involves patients, healthcare professionals, supportive services, caregivers, and government agencies interacting along a continuum from initial awareness to diagnosis, treatment, support, and care. This complex scope presents a challenge for health system transformation supporting individuals at risk for, or diagnosed with, AD. The AD systems preparedness framework was developed to help health systems identify specific opportunities to implement and evaluate focused improvement programs. The framework is purposely flexible to permit local adaptation across different health systems and countries. Health systems can develop solutions tailored to system‐specific priorities considered within the context of the overall framework. Example metric concepts and initiatives are provided for each of ten areas of focus. Examples of funded projects focusing on screening and early detection are provided. It is our hope that stakeholders utilize the common framework to generate and share additional implementation evidence to benefit individuals with AD.
WX Cen is X‐ray quiet: Does this signify a high‐mass or a low‐mass binary?
Authors: Zhekov Svetozar A.
Published: December 2022

We present results from analysis of the XMM–Newton observation (2021 February) of the enigmatic object WX Cen: a presumed massive Wolf–Rayet (WR) binary, (WN3 + WC4), or a low‐mass binary. WX Cen was not detected in X‐rays. Its UV emission shows periodic variability with a period (0.405–0.434 day) similar to that found in the optical for this object (0.417 day). The X‐ray nondetection of WX Cen is inconsistent with the fact that WR binaries are X‐ray sources. Also, the X‐ray emission from its early WN‐type component would have been clearly detected in the XMM–Newton exposure. Thus, the X‐ray nondetection does not support the physical picture of WX Cen as a massive WR binary. Alternatively, WX Cen might be a low‐mass binary, presumably a supersoft X‐ray source (a V Sagittae star), and the X‐ray nondetection of WX Cen could be consistent with such a physical picture.
Evaluating the Polymer Backbone – Vinylene versus Styrene – of Anisyl‐substituted Phenothiazines as Battery Electrode Materials
Authors: Desmaizieres Gauthier , Perner Verena , Wassy Daniel , Kolek Martin , Bieker Peter , Winter Martin , Esser Birgit
Published: December 2022

Organic electrode materials are capable candidates for next‐generation greener energy storage solutions. One advantage is that their electrochemical performance can be tuned by structural modification. We herein investigate anisyl‐substituted poly(vinyl‐) and poly(styrylphenothiazines) as positive electrode materials for dual‐ion batteries. π‐Interactions – characteristic to phenothiazine redox polymers – are facilitated in the poly(styrene) derivatives PSAPT and PSAPT‐X‐DVB due to the longer spacing between phenothiazine units and polymer backbone and lead to high cycling stabilities, but reduce their specific capacities. In the poly(vinylenes), the linear PVAPT shows high cycling stability but a dissolution/redeposition mechanism, diminishing its capacity, while the cross‐linked X‐PVAPT demonstrates high cycling stabilities at specific capacities up to 81 mAh g−1 paired with an excellent rate performance, where 10,000 cycles at 100 C rate proceed with 86 % capacity retention.
Sodium Composite Oxide Cathode Materials:Phase Regulation, Electrochemical Performance and Reaction Mechanism
Authors: Zhu Xu , Xu Shao‐Wen , Wang Xian‐Zuo , Liu Mengting , Cheng Yonghong , Wang Peng‐Fei
Published: December 2022

The abundance of sodium resources provides the basis for the large‐scale application of sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) in the field of energy storage. Among the cathode candidates for SIBs, oxide materials stand out because of their ease of synthesis, environmental friendliness and high capacity. According to the crystal structure, oxide cathode materials can be mainly classified as P2, P3, O3 and tunnel phases. Benefiting from the combined advantages of different phases, composite oxide cathode materials have been widely studied due to the enhanced both cycling and rate performance. In this review, we analyzed the three key issues of phase regulation, electrochemical performance and reaction mechanism based on the recent progress for composite oxide cathode materials. The composite oxide cathode materials will be one of the most competitive and attractive cathodes for SIBs.
Delineation and histological examination of the intramuscular innervation of the platysma: Application to botulinum neurotoxin injection
Authors: Cho Tae‐Hyeon , Won Sung‐Yoon , Yang Hun‐Mu
Published: December 2022

This study aimed to identify the whole innervation pattern of the platysma using the Sihler's staining, and the axonal composition profile of the sensory‐motor anastomosis identified by immunofluorescence assays. The findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the neural anatomy of the platysma and facilitate efficient and safe manipulation for neurotoxin injection. Ten fixed and two fresh hemifaces were included in this study. Sihler's staining was used to the study 10 fixed hemifaces and two fresh hemifaces were used for immunofluorescence assays. In all cases, the cervical branch of facial nerve (Cbr) broadly innervated the platysma, and the marginal mandibular branch of facial nerve (MMbr) provided supplementary innervation to the uppermost part of the platysma. The transverse cervical nerve (TCN), great auricular nerve (GAN), and supraclavicular nerve (SCN) were observed in the lower half of the platysma. In 30% of all cases, there was a communicating loop between the Cbr and TCN. In 20% of all the cases, a communicating branch joined between the Cbr and GAN. For successful esthetic rejuvenation procedures, a clinician should consider the Cbr distribution to the overall platysma and additionally innervation by individual nerves (MMbr, GAN, TCN, and SCN) to the middle and lower portions of the platysma muscle.
Analysis of micrognathia with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome improved by a combination of Le Fort I with horseshoe osteotomies, mandibular distraction osteogenesis, and genioplasty
Authors: Koshinuma Shinya , Fujii Takafumi , Okamura Takeshi , Asada Yasuyuki , Machida Yoshisato , Yamamoto Gaku
Published: December 2022

The relationship between microgenia and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is well known. 27‐year‐old woman. She underwent a combination of Le Fort I with horseshoe osteotomies and mandibular distraction osteogenesis and genioplasty. She was satisfied with the aesthetics of her face, with an AHI of 7.8/h.
Rare cause of a resistant hypertension in a middle‐aged man: A case report
Authors: Marecek Renata , De Keyzer Eva , Taujan Georgiana , Baleanu Felicia , Rosu Mihaela , Papadopoulou Ioanna , Kosmopoulou Olga , Laura Iconaru
Published: December 2022

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia associated to 11‐beta‐hydroxylase deficiency is a rare cause of secondary hypertension, usually discovered during childhood; however, a late diagnosis in adults has also been reported. Despite low cortisol levels, accumulated adrenal steroid precursors can activate the glucocorticoid receptor and thus protect the patient against adrenal crisis.
A child resides within a young adult: The first reported case of Alström syndrome in Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmed Mushfiq Newaz , Jabin Nowshin , Iktidar Mohammad Azmain , Arafat Shohael Mahmud , Khan Abed Hussain , Mitra Avrow , Chowdhury Romana
Published: December 2022

A 32‐year‐old male case with short stature presented to us with audio‐visual impairment, obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, dyslipidemia, and hypogonadism. The single‐gene genetic analysis revealed an ALMS1 gene mutation. A diagnosis of ALMS was reached for meeting one major and four minor criteria.
A parallel algorithm for direct simulation of fluidized beds
Authors: Keating Johnwill , Minev Peter D.
Published: December 2022

This paper presents a parallel algorithm for massive direct simulations of fluidized beds. It is based on an implicit–explicit (IMEX) technique for efficient and stable time integration of the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations in a domain that fits the boundaries of the particles at any time moment. The only modelling element in the algorithm is the model for particle–particle collisions, which is of the so‐called soft‐sphere type. The parallel performance of this technique is comparable to the performance of fully explicit methods. The numerical simulations of fluidized beds show very realistic effects that demonstrate the relevance of the simulation approach.
Recent progress in the fabrication and processing of triboelectric yarns
Authors: Chen Qian , Akram Wasim , Cao Yuying , Ge Can , Lin Tong , Fang Jian
Published: December 2022

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have recently enjoyed rapid development due to their easy fabrication, stable outputs, and wide range of applications. By combining conventional textiles with TENGs, textile‐based TENGs (t‐TENGs) can be employed with wearable devices and smart textiles. The t‐TENGs with a yarn structure, triboelectric yarns, can be directly used to conduct energy conversion and be processed into other energy‐harvesting textile structures due to their lightweight, flexibility, and processability. This review summarizes the research progress in triboelectric yarns. It starts with a systematic discussion of the working mechanism and manufacturing materials of triboelectric yarns. Subsequently, we discuss the four major methods of constructing triboelectric yarns including twisting/wrapping, coating, electrospinning, and other/composite methods. In particular, details about the energy harvesting performance, the triboelectric yarns' physical properties, and weaving/knitting capability are given. Finally, comments and perspectives are provided for the future design of high‐performance triboelectric yarns.
CeO2‐Supported Pt−Au Nanoparticles as Efficient Catalyst for CO Oxidation
Authors: Wang Haiyang , Gao Jianjing , Zhang Ruiyin , Ma Hao , Ma Cheng , Yao Ruijuan , Liang Miaomiao , Zhao Yuzhen , Miao Zongcheng
Published: December 2022

The nanorod shaped (Pt−Au)/CeO2 catalysts with varied Pt/Au ratio were achieved from Al91.7Ce8AuXPt0.15−X (X=0.05, 0.075, 0.1) precursor alloys through combined dealloying and calcination treatment. The surface morphology, microstructure as well as physicochemical features were characterized through XRD, SEM, TEM, XPS, Raman spectroscopy and N2 adsorption‐desorption tests. The catalytic measurement results imply that the (Pt0.075−Au0.075)/CeO2 catalyst displays optimal catalytic property with 50% and 99% reaction temperature as low as 37 °C, 80 °C, respectively. The (Pt0.075−Au0.075)/CeO2 was also stable after 60 h successive catalytic oxidation reaction. The outstanding catalytic performance is ascribed to the joint introduction of Pt and Au, which can suppress the agglomeration and growth of noble metal active phases during the catalytic process. What's more, the nanoscale interface formed between Pt&Au nanoparticles and CeO2 nanorods can also promote electron transfer rate, thus catalytic reaction efficiency is enhanced. The results will be of importance for design of novel nanoporous noble metal‐oxide‐based catalysts and application in exhaust treatment of fuel vehicles.
Myoglobin‐mediated lipid shuttling increases adrenergic activation of brown and white adipocyte metabolism and is as a marker of thermogenic adipocytes in humans
Authors: Christen Lisa , Broghammer Helen , Rapöhn Inka , Möhlis Kevin , Strehlau Christian , Ribas‐Latre Aleix , Gebhardt Claudia , Roth Lisa , Krause Kerstin , Landgraf Kathrin , Körner Antje , Rohde‐Zimmermann Kerstin , Hoffmann Anne , Klöting Nora , Ghosh Adhideb , Sun Wenfei , Dong Hua , Wolfrum Christian , Rassaf Tienush , Hendgen‐Cotta Ulrike B. , Stumvoll Michael , Blüher Matthias , Heiker John T. , Weiner Juliane
Published: December 2022

Background

Recruitment and activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) results in increased energy expenditure (EE) via thermogenesis and represents an intriguing therapeutic approach to combat obesity and treat associated diseases. Thermogenesis requires an increased and efficient supply of energy substrates and oxygen to the BAT. The hemoprotein myoglobin (MB) is primarily expressed in heart and skeletal muscle fibres, where it facilitates oxygen storage and flux to the mitochondria during exercise. In the last years, further contributions of MB have been assigned to the scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the regulation of cellular nitric oxide (NO) levels and also lipid binding. There is a substantial expression of MB in BAT, which is induced during brown adipocyte differentiation and BAT activation. This suggests MB as a previously unrecognized player in BAT contributing to thermogenesis.

Methods and Results

This study analyzed the consequences of MB expression in BAT on mitochondrial function and thermogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Using MB overexpressing, knockdown or knockout adipocytes, we show that expression levels of MB control brown adipocyte mitochondrial respiratory capacity and acute response to adrenergic stimulation, signalling and lipolysis. Overexpression in white adipocytes also increases their metabolic activity. Mutation of lipid interacting residues in MB abolished these beneficial effects of MB. In vivo, whole‐body MB knockout resulted in impaired thermoregulation and cold‐ as well as drug‐induced BAT activation in mice. In humans, MB is differentially expressed in subcutaneous (SC) and visceral (VIS) adipose tissue (AT) depots, differentially regulated by the state of obesity and higher expressed in AT samples that exhibit higher thermogenic potential.

Conclusions

These data demonstrate for the first time a functional relevance of MBs lipid binding properties and establish MB as an important regulatory element of thermogenic capacity in brown and likely beige adipocytes.
A heterogeneous fault diagnosis approach to enhance performance of connected vehicles
Authors: Ranjan Senapati Biswa , Swain Sipra , Ranjan Swain Rakesh , Mohan Khilar Pabitra
Published: December 2022

Evolution of wireless access technology, availability of smart sensors, and reduction in the size of the set up of the communication system have engrossed many researchers toward vehicular ad hoc network (VANET). Vehicle‐to‐vehicle and vehicle‐to‐access‐point communication in a vehicular environment facilitates the deployment of VANET for many different purposes. The success of any application implemented in a VANET relies on timely and accurate data dissemination across the nodes of the network. Implementation of any application is not going to be fruitful if the communication unit transmits incorrect sensor data due to the presence of a fault. This article focuses on the automatic detection of hard and soft faults for vehicular sensors and the classification of faults into permanent, intermittent, and transient faults using cloud‐based VANET. For the cloud service, ThingSpeak cloud is used. At the RSU of the VANET, hard fault detection is performed, and for this purpose, a time‐out strategy is proposed. The observation center, after receiving sensor status data over a vehicular cloud, does soft failure detection. The soft fault is identified by utilizing a comparative‐based technique during soft fault diagnosis. Soft faults are categorized using two machine learning algorithms: Support vector machine and logistic regression. The effectiveness of the suggested work is assessed using performance metrics like fault detection accuracy, false alarm rate, false positive rate, precision, accuracy, recall, and F1 score.
Auswirkungen des neuen Entwurfs zur EN 1996‐3 auf die Bemessung von Porenbeton‐Mauerwerk
Authors: Loderer Franz , Schoch Torsten
Published: December 2022

Im Zuge der Entwicklung einer neuen Generation von Eurocodes werden auch die europäischen Mauerwerksnormen einer Evolution unterzogen. Dabei werden neue Entwürfe für alle vier Teile der EN 1996 erarbeitet – die finalen Entwurfsfassungen liegen mittlerweile vor. Für die Bemessung von Mauerwerkswänden in Deutschland sind insbesondere die in der DIN EN 1996‐3 geregelten vereinfachten Berechnungsmethoden für unbewehrte Mauerwerksbauten relevant. Bei Vergleichsberechnungen mit den aktuell in Deutschland bauaufsichtlich eingeführten Normen (DIN EN 1996‐3 in Verbindung mit DIN EN 1996‐3/NA) und dem vorliegenden Entwurf der europäischen Norm (prEN 1996‐3:2021) haben sich besonders für Mauerwerkswände mit Druckfestigkeiten von fk ≤ 2,0 N/mm2 und für Konstruktionen mit teilaufliegender Decke deutliche Unterschiede in den maximal möglichen Tragfähigkeiten gezeigt. Die Unterschiede in den Regelungen und die daraus resultierenden Abweichungen in den Bemessungsergebnissen werden in diesem Beitrag aufgezeigt und erläutert. Der inhaltliche Fokus des Dokuments liegt dabei auf Porenbeton‐Mauerwerk.
Implantation of sigmoid colon cancer into the endoscopic resection site of intramucosal rectal cancer: A case report
Authors: Nishino Kyohei , Hongo Masanori , Mori Naoko , Shimamoto Kazumi , Kobayashi Yu , Nakamura Fumiyasu , Hino Michiko , Togawa Takeshi , Andoh Akira , Ban Hiromitsu
Published: December 2022

A 70‐year‐old woman was diagnosed with intramucosal rectal cancer and advanced sigmoid colon cancer at the same time. First, the intramucosal rectal cancer was curatively resected by endoscopic submucosal dissection, and surgery was subsequently performed for sigmoid colon cancer. After 20 months, a follow‐up colonoscopy revealed a tumor growth at the ulcer scar of the endoscopic submucosal dissection. Histological findings and KRAS mutation analysis suggested implantation of sigmoid colon cancer to the post‐endoscopic submucosal dissection site of intramucosal rectal cancer.
A survey on state of the inter body radio communication channel: Performance and solutions
Authors: Mezher Mohanad , Alabbas Amjed Razzaq , Ilyas Muhammad
Published: December 2022

The development of in‐vivo communications and networking systems has the potential for improving the healthcare delivery while also enabling the creation of new services and applications. In‐vivo communications provide wireless networked cyber‐physical systems of the embedded devices that enable accurate, quick, and cost‐effective responses under a variety of circumstances. Also, it is focused upon modeling and characterizing in‐vivo wireless channel, as well as contrasting it to other well‐known channels. In this paper, channel coding is also mentioned because it improves data rates and performance gain. This work also discusses present problems and potential research topics for in‐vivo communications. This article aims to show the researchers how the orthogonal frequency multiple access (OFDMA) technique improved the performance of in‐vivo channel and how it is outperformed compared to the other techniques (TDM, TDMA, CDMA and OFDM) also how the OFDMA outperformed equalizers and channel coding in terms of bit error rate with giving a significant improvement of data transmitting and avoiding inter symbol interference. However, when it comes to the in‐vivo communications, the modeling of in‐vivo wireless channel is vital. Understanding the features of the in‐vivo channel is critical for achieving optimal processing and designing successful procedures that allow WBANs to be arranged inside the human body.
Trends in the sample size, statistics, and contributions to the BrainMap database of activation likelihood estimation meta‐analyses: An empirical study of 10‐year data
Authors: Yeung Andy Wai Kan , Robertson Michaela , Uecker Angela , Fox Peter T. , Eickhoff Simon B.
Published: December 2022

The literature of neuroimaging meta‐analysis has been thriving for over a decade. A majority of them were coordinate‐based meta‐analyses, particularly the activation likelihood estimation (ALE) approach. A meta‐evaluation of these meta‐analyses was performed to qualitatively evaluate their design and reporting standards. The publications listed from the BrainMap website were screened. Six hundred and three ALE papers published during 2010–2019 were included and analysed. For reporting standards, most of the ALE papers reported their total number of Papers involved and mentioned the inclusion/exclusion criteria on Paper selection. However, most papers did not describe how data redundancy was avoided when multiple related Experiments were reported within one paper. The most prevalent repeated‐measures correction methods were voxel‐level FDR (54.4%) and cluster‐level FWE (33.8%), with the latter quickly replacing the former since 2016. For study characteristics, sample size in terms of number of Papers included per ALE paper and number of Experiments per analysis seemed to be stable over the decade. One‐fifth of the surveyed ALE papers failed to meet the recommendation of having >17 Experiments per analysis. For data sharing, most of them did not provide input and output data. In conclusion, the field has matured well in terms of rising dominance of cluster‐level FWE correction, and slightly improved reporting on elimination of data redundancy and providing input data. The provision of Data and Code availability statements and flow chart of literature screening process, as well as data submission to BrainMap, should be more encouraged.
The effect of health financing systems on health system outcomes: A cross‐country panel analysis
Authors: Gabani Jacopo , Mazumdar Sumit , Suhrcke Marc
Published: December 2022

Several low‐ and middle‐income countries are considering health financing system reforms to accelerate progress toward universal health coverage (UHC). However, empirical evidence of the effect of health financing systems on health system outcomes is scarce, partly because it is difficult to quantitatively capture the ‘health financing system’. We assign country‐year observations to one of three health financing systems (i.e., predominantly out‐of‐pocket, social health insurance (SHI) or government‐financed), using clustering based on out‐of‐pocket, contributory SHI and non‐contributory government expenditure, as a percentage of total health expenditures. We then estimate the effect of these different systems on health system outcomes, using fixed effects regressions. We find that transitions from OOP‐dominant to government‐financed systems improved most outcomes more than did transitions to SHI systems. Transitions to government financing increases life expectancy (+1.3 years, p < 0.05) and reduces under‐5 mortality (−8.7%, p < 0.05) and catastrophic health expenditure incidence (−3.3 percentage points, p < 0.05). Results are robust to several sensitivity tests. It is more likely that increases in non‐contributory government financing rather than SHI financing improve health system outcomes. Notable reasons include SHI's higher implementation costs and more limited coverage. These results may raise a warning for policymakers considering SHI reforms to reach UHC.
Effective personal development plans contextualized: The role of the autonomy‐supportive people manager in sustaining employees' self‐directed learning
Authors: Lejeune Christophe , Beausaert Simon , Raemdonck Isabel
Published: December 2022

This qualitative research explores how the broader social context supports employees' self‐directed learning (SDL) when using a personal development plan (PDP), focusing especially on the people manager's role. Based on deductive and inductive analysis of verbatim transcripts from 28 semi‐structured interviews with employees and people managers in a non‐profit organization, the study reaches three main findings. First, it confirms the key role that people managers play within PDP practices and their need to balance autonomy support, and structure, adapting their leadership style to employees. Second, it confirms the added value of PDPs for long‐term learning goals and for creating a “humanitarian corridor” for personal and professional development, where efficient formal learning is complemented by informal learning activities embedded and situated in the work itself. Finally, it articulates a new conceptualization of SDL within a broader social context. These findings are complemented by practical implications and directions for future research.
Efficacy of generic sofosbuvir with daclatasvir compared to sofosbuvir/ledipasvir in genotype 4 hepatitis C virus: A prospective comparison with historical control
Authors: Joharji Hala , Alkortas Delal , Ajlan Aziza , Ahmed Mohamed , Al‐Ashgar Hamad , Al‐Quaiz Mohammed , Broering Dieter , Al‐Sebayel Mohammed , Elsiesy Hussien , Alkhail Faisal A. , Al‐Hamoudi Waleed K. , De Vol Edward , Amirah Almuhayshir Epi , Al‐Jedai Ahmed
Published: December 2022

Background and Aim

Management of genotype 4 hepatitis C virus (HCV) has shifted to interferon‐free regimens with a high sustained virological response (SVR‐12), especially with NS5B/NS5A inhibitor combinations such as sofosbuvir and ledipasvir (Sof‐Led). The guidelines have recommended the combination of sofosbuvir and another NS5A inhibitor, daclatasvir, to manage HCV genotypes 1–3. However, its use was extended to genotype 4 HCV based on extrapolating evidence. Our aim is to assess the efficacy of generic sofosbuvir + branded daclatasvir (Sof‐Dac) compared to the Sof‐Led combination in treating genotype 4 HCV.

Methods

This study is an open‐label, 2‐period, noninferiority study that compared patients receiving a combination of generic sofosbuvir 400 mg and daclatasvir 60 mg orally daily (Group 2) prospectively to a historical control (Group 1) that included patients who received a combination of sofosbuvir/ledipasvir 400/90 mg orally daily. The primary endpoint is the proportion of patients who achieved SVR‐12.

Results

The study included 111 patients in the (Sof‐Led) Group 1 and 109 patients (Sof‐Dac) Group 2. For the primary outcome, SVR‐12 was achieved in 106 (95.5%) of the patients in Group 1 versus 108 (99.1%) in Group 2 (p = 0.2). In addition, all patients who achieved SVR‐12 also achieved SVR‐24.

Conclusion

Generic sofosbuvir combined with branded daclatasvir was safe and effective for treating genotype 4 HCV compared to Sof‐Led. This combination may significantly reduce the cost burden, enabling a larger pool of treated patients. Office of research affairs at KFSHRC RAC# 2171 036.
Factors controlling shallow subsurface dissolved reactive phosphorus concentration and loss kinetics from poorly drained saturated grassland soils
Authors: Smith Gen J. , McDowell Richard W. , Daly Karen , Ó hUallacháin Daire , Condron Leo M. , Fenton Owen
Published: December 2022

Shallow subsurface pathways dominate dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) losses in grassland soils that are: poorly drained, shallow, or have a perched water table in wetter months causing saturation‐excess runoff. Saturated conditions can lead to anoxia, which can accelerate phosphorus (P) loss. Two scales of investigation were utilized in this study. First, at the field scale, soil cores were extracted to 2.5 m, subdivided and samples extracted using water extractable P (WEP) and sodium‐bicarbonate‐dithionite extractable P (NaBD‐P). Second, at the laboratory scale, detailed incubation studies using field‐moist grassland topsoils from sites in Ireland and New Zealand examined the kinetics of WEP under anoxic (WEPanox) and oxic (WEPox) conditions with imposed temperature and soil P fertilizer input treatments. Results from soil‐core samples showed that redox‐sensitive NaBD‐P concentrations were depleted where artificial drainage lines were installed (100 cm deep), but WEP concentrations available to shallow flow were enriched in topsoil. The laboratory scale incubation experiment investigated the influence of temperature (3 vs. 18 °C), anoxia (designed to simulate saturation following a rainfall event), and superphosphate fertilizer (10 to 60 kg P ha−1 yr−1) on WEP concentrations over 24 h in three grassland topsoils (clay, silt, and sandy loam textures). Concentrations increased with fertilizer rate, temperature, and—in two soils—anoxic conditions. This was commensurate with nitrate (NO3−) depletion and the reductive dissolution of iron and manganese. The release of P during anoxia was complete within 24 h. The results highlighted late winter to spring as the riskiest period for topsoil P losses in shallow subsurface flow due to wet soil conditions, increasing temperatures, and low soil NO3− concentrations. This knowledge highlights the necessity to consider and refine tests used to assess topsoil P loss risk, where in the landscape P losses are likely, and what strategies can be used to mitigate losses.
Effect of surfactant compounding on the wettability of talcum powder
Authors: Meng Junqing , Chang Chenxi , Liang Yimin , Chen Haiyan
Published: December 2022

Talcum powder is one of the leading causes of pneumoconiosis, adding compound surfactants to the dust removal process can significantly increase the effectiveness of the dust removal. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the effect of compound surfactants on the wettability of talcum powder. This paper focuses on the ability of compound surfactants to increase the wettability of talcum powder surface by using Materials Studio 8.0. The simulation results were analyzed from the water adsorbed amount, interaction energy, and water molecule concentration profile. Combined with the experimental data of contact angle, the optimal surfactant compounding method was obtained. The simulation results revealed that stable adsorption structures can be formed by the compound of anionic and nonionic surfactants, which can reduce the electrostatic repulsion between anionic surfactants effectively and promote the directional arrangement of nonionic surfactants on the talcum powder surface. When the molar ratio of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and Polysorbate 80 was 0.4:0.6, the amount of absorbed water reached 113, which is better than monomers and other compound surfactants. The contact angle experiment results indicated a consistent variation law with the simulation results. The contact angle decreased from 68.48° to 19.84° using the compounding method mentioned above, which has the optimum wetting effect among the four compounding methods. The research results will provide a reference for the application of compound surfactants in talcum powder dustproof work.
Understanding and predicting harmful algal blooms in a changing climate: A trait‐based framework
Authors: Litchman Elena
Published: December 2022

The worldwide proliferation of harmful algal blooms (HABs) both in freshwater and marine ecosystems make understanding and predicting their occurrence urgent. Trait‐based approaches, where the focus is on functional traits, have been successful in explaining community structure and dynamics in diverse ecosystems but have not been applied extensively to HABs. The existing trait compilations suggest that HAB taxa differ from non HAB taxa in key traits that determine their responses to major environmental drivers. Multi‐trait comparisons between HAB‐forming and other phytoplankton taxa, as well as within the HAB groups to characterize interspecific and intraspecific differences will help better define ecological niches of different HAB taxa, develop trait‐based mechanistic models, and better identify environmental conditions that would likely lead to HABs. Building databases of HAB traits and using them in diverse statistical and mechanistic models will increase our ability to predict the HAB occurrence, composition, and severity under changing conditions, including the anthropogenic global change.