bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intra-arterial vasodilators for vasospasm following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a meta-analysis
Authors: Venkatraman Anand , Khawaja Ayaz M , Gupta Sahil , Hardas Shalaka , Deveikis John P , Harrigan Mark R , Kumar Gyanendra
Published: June 2017

Objective

The efficacy of intra-arterial vasodilators (IADs) for the treatment of vasospasm following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) remains debatable. The objective of this meta-analysis was to pool estimates of angiographic and neurological response, clinical outcome, and mortality following treatment of vasospasm with IADs.

Methods

We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Clinicaltrials.gov, Cochrane database, and CINAHL in December 2015 and August 2016. Studies reporting angiographic and neurological response, clinical outcome, and mortality following IAD treatment of vasospasm in 10 or more adults with aSAH were included. All established IADs were allowed. Two authors independently selected studies and abstracted the data. Mean weighted probabilities (MWP) were calculated using random effects model.

Results

Inclusion criteria were met by 55 studies (n=1571). MWP for immediate angiographic response to IAD treatment was 89% (95% CI 83% to 94%), post-IAD neurological improvement 57% (95% CI 49% to 65%), good outcome 66% (95% CI 60% to 71%), and mortality was 9% (95% CI 7% to 12%). After adjusting for publication bias, MWP for mortality was 5% (95% CI 4% to 7%). When transcranial Doppler (TCD) was used along with clinical deterioration for patient selection, rates of neurological response (64%) and good outcome (72%) were better. IADs were not superior to controls (balloon angioplasty or medical management).

Conclusion

IAD treatment leads to a robust angiographic response and fair (but lower) rates of neurological response and good clinical outcome. Mortality was lower than the average reported in the literature. Rates of neurological response and good outcome were better when TCD was used for patient selection. Carefully designed studies are needed to compare IADs against medical management and balloon angioplasty.
Nonlinear Vibration Analysis of a Cable Carrying Moving Mass-Spring-Damper
Authors: Ghadiri M. , Kazemi M.
Published: June 2017

In this study, nonlinear dynamics and vibrations of a mass, spring and damper system with constant and variable velocities have been investigated. One end of the large-sag cable is fixed and the other one can be varied using different heights with respect to the first end. The oscillator can be accelerated by the tangential component of the weight force. The governing equations of motion are derived with regard to the mutual influence of the cable movement and vertical motion of attached mass. The Galerkin’s method is employed in the displacement field in conjunction with the average acceleration method in the time domain to solve the governing equations. The parametric study is performed on the vertical movement of the oscillator, the displacement of the cable and the velocity of the moving oscillator.
O candidato: a representação de identidades bissau-guineenses no contexto pós-colonial por Filomena Embaló
Authors: Diniz Ana Maria Carneiro Almeida
Published: June 2017

Este artigo se propõe a analisar as representações identitárias bissau-guineenses no contexto do pós-colonialismo presentes no conto O candidato, produzido por Filomena Embaló.  Para fundamentar a análise, foram consultados textos de diversas áreas do conhecimento que apresentavam afinidades com a proposta de releitura do conto, com objetivo de situar o espaço-tempo das representações identitárias nas esferas históricas,  políticas, sociais e econômicas com as quais correspondem.
As interpretações históricas e religiosas no medievalismo romântico de Alexandre Herculano
Authors: Pereira Leonardo Atayde
Published: June 2017

O presente estudo tem como objetivo mostrar o diálogo existente entre a prosa ficcional e historiográfica de Alexandre Herculano, tomando como exemplo a temática religosa. Diante dessa problematização foram escolhidos alguns escritos produzidos pelo autor nas décadas de 40 e 50 do perídodo oitocentista como as Cartas sobre a História de Portugal, a narrativa ficcional “O Alcaide de Santarém” e trechos da “Introdução” da História de Portugal.
Descritivo de uma jornada
Authors: Rosa Carlos Gontijo
Published: June 2017

Diário Acadêmico de um percurso doutoral. As viagens, as descobertas e as agruras de uma jornada. A narrativa da parte oculta de uma Tese; daquilo que mais importa, mas não é compartilhado.
Ambient Particulate Matter Concentrations and Hospitalization for Stroke in 26 Chinese Cities
Authors: Liu Hui , Tian Yaohua , Xu Yan , Zhang Jun
Published: June 2017

Background and Purpose—

Little is known about the short-term health impacts of particulate matter (PM) on stroke in China. We, therefore, conducted a time-stratified case-crossover study to examine the association between ambient PM and hospital admissions for stroke in 26 Chinese cities.

Methods—

We identified hospital admissions for stroke by using electronic hospitalization summary reports from January 1, 2014 through December, 31 2015. We applied conditional logistic regression to explore the association between PM and hospital admissions for stroke. We also assessed the effect modification of stroke risk by geographical region, sex, and age.

Results—

Hospital admissions for ischemic (n=278 980) and hemorrhagic (69 399) strokes were examined separately. For ischemic stroke, both PM
2.5
and PM
10
had the strongest effect at lag 3 days, with an interquartile range increase in PM
2.5
(47.5 μg/m
3
) and PM
10
(76.9 μg/m
3
) significantly associated with a 1.0% (95% confidence interval, 0.7%–1.4%) and 0.8% (95% confidence interval, 0.3%–1.3%) increase in admissions for ischemic stroke, respectively. In northern China where PM pollution is more severe, the risk estimates for both PM
2.5
and PM
10
were larger than those in southern China in all lag structures. An interquartile range increase in PM
2.5
and PM
10
in northern China corresponded to a 1.0% (95% confidence interval, 0.7%–1.4%) and 0.7% (95% confidence interval, 0.3%–1.2%) increase in ischemic stroke admissions at lag 3 days, respectively. For hemorrhagic stroke, no significant association was observed with PM in the 26 cities.

Conclusions—

This study suggests that short-term elevations in PM may increase the risk of ischemic but not hemorrhagic stroke. The associations of PM with ischemic stroke are stronger in northern China than in the south.
The New (Fragmented) Geography of Carbon Market Mechanisms: Governance Challenges from Thailand and Vietnam
Authors: Smits Mattijs
Published: June 2017

Countries in the Global South—which are contributing an increasing share of global greenhouse gas emissions—are actively developing carbon market mechanisms, including emissions trading systems and (voluntary) offset mechanisms. This article analyzes past and emerging experiments with carbon market mechanisms in Thailand and Vietnam, in the context of their domestic political economies and the shifting dynamics of the global climate governance regime. Drawing from thirty-three in-depth interviews and document analysis, I show the changing roles of government, the private sector, civil society, and donor and multilateral actors in these countries. Moreover, the article identifies key factors that may play roles in the further—and more synergistic—development of carbon market mechanisms: the generation of domestic demand for carbon credits; building and keeping human capacity and adequate data; creating space for civil society; ensuring coordination within the government and between sectors, notably the energy sector; and establishing further linkages with regional (Asian) and global carbon market mechanisms, such as those in China, Japan, and South Korea. These findings suggest that market-based mechanisms with high social and environmental integrity are one of the options that countries in the Global South have to achieve low-carbon development in the post-Paris climate change regime.
Emissions Trading and Policy Diffusion: Complex EU ETS Emulation in Kazakhstan
Authors: Gulbrandsen Lars H. , Sammut François , Wettestad Jørgen
Published: June 2017

This article examines the roles of international policy diffusion and domestic politics in shaping the design of an emissions trading system (ETS) in Kazakhstan. We find that although the overall framework for the Kazakh ETS and many of its design elements are based on the EU ETS, domestic political factors were central mediating variables in the diffusion process. The system was initiated at the highest levels within the government, but the fast-tracked nature of the implementation process did not provide sufficient notification to the donor community to mobilize much-needed technical support until the pilot phase had been completed. Implementation of a fully operational system was postponed until 2018 due to industry mobilization against the system and unresolved legal and technical issues. The findings indicate that the longer-term outcome of a diffusion process can be policy divergence, not convergence, as domestic interest groups influence policy and as governments learn from their own implementation experiences.
Higher Emotional Intelligence Is Associated With a Stronger Rubber Hand Illusion
Authors: Perepelkina Olga , Boboleva Maria , Arina Galina , Nikolaeva Valentina
Published: June 2017

The aim of the study was to investigate how emotion information processing factors, such as alexithymia and emotional intelligence, modulate body ownership and influence multisensory integration during the ‘rubber hand illusion’ (RHI) task. It was previously shown that alexithymia correlates with RHI, and we suggested that emotional intelligence should also be a top-down factor of body ownership, since it was not shown in previous experiments. We elaborated the study of Grynberg and Pollatos [Front. Hum. Neurosci. 9 (2015) 357] with an additional measure of emotional intelligence, and propose an explanation for the interrelation of emotion and body ownership processing. Eighty subjects took part in the RHI experiment and completed the Toronto Alexithymia Scale and the Mayer–Salovey–Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT). Only MSCEIT was detected to be a significant predictor of the subjective measure of the RHI. There were no significant correlations between alexithymia scores and the test statements of the RHI or the proprioceptive drift, thus we did not replicate the results of Grynberg and Pollatos. However, alexithymia correlated with the control statements of subjective reports of the illusion, which might be explained as a disruption of the ability to discriminate and describe bodily experience. Therefore, (1) alexithymia seems to be connected with difficulties in conscious or verbal processing of body-related information, and (2) higher emotional intelligence might improve multisensory integration of body-related signals and reflect better predictive models of self-processing.
Discontinuously Stiffened Composite Panel under Compressive Loading
Authors: Minnetyan Levon , Rivers James M. , Chamis Christos C. , Murthy Pappu L. N.
Published: June 2017

The design of composite structures requires an evaluation of their safety and durability under service loads and possible overload conditions. This paper presents a computational tool that has been developed to examine the response of stiffened composite panels via the simulation of damage initiation, growth, accumulation, progression, and propagation to structural fracture or collapse. The structural durability of a composite panel with a discontinuous stiffener is investigated under compressive loading induced by the gradual displacement of an end support. Results indicate damage initiation and progression to have significant effects on structural behavior under loading. Utilization of an integrated computer code for structural durability assessment is demonstrated.
Enteral Feeding During Barbiturate Coma
Authors: Lander Vickie , Lyman Beth , Pemberton L. Beaty , Covinsky Joel , Cuatico William
Published: June 2017

The extended use of pentobarbital coma in head‐injured patients creates a feeding problem because of the drug‐induced ileus. We evaluated the tolerance and safety of enteral feeding for head‐injured patients in pentobarbital coma. Baseline nutritional assessments of the 22 patients revealed no severe nutritional deficits. Pentobarbital was initiated on admission at a rate of 128 ± 39 mg/hr for 9.9 ± 6.0 days. Enteral feedings were started at a rate of 25 ml/hr and were increased according to tolerance to a predetermined maximum rate which required 6.5 ± 4.5 days. Daily chest x‐rays revealed no aspiration pneumonia. Whereas eight patients tolerated enteral feedings, seven had minor gastrointestinal complications, including diarrhea (n = 5) and constipation (n = 2). A total of 11 patients had residual volumes of 50 ml or more, but only four required alteration of the solution or route of administration. These data indicate that the majority of patients in pentobarbital coma can safely be fed enterally with only minor complications.
The Role of Courts in Shaping Health Equity
Authors: Hall Mark A.
Published: June 2017

United States' courts have played a limited, yet key, role in shaping health equity in three areas of law: racial discrimination, disability discrimination, and constitutional rights. Executive and administrative action has been much more instrumental than judicial decisions in advancing racial equality in health care. Courts have been reluctant to intervene on racial justice because overt discrimination has largely disappeared, and the Supreme Court has interpreted civil rights laws in a fashion that restricts judicial authority to address more subtle or diffused forms of disparate impact. In contrast, courts have been more active in limiting disability discrimination by expanding the conditions that are considered disabling and by articulating and applying the operative concepts “reasonable accommodation” and “other qualified” in the context of both treatment and insurance coverage decisions. Finally, regarding constitutional rights, courts have had limited opportunity to intervene because, outside of specially protected arenas such as reproduction, constitutional law gives government wide discretion to define health and safety goals and methods. Thus, courts have had only a limited role in shaping health equity in the United States. It remains to be seen whether this will change under the Affordable Care Act or whatever health reform measure might replace it.
ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКАЯ МОДЕЛЬ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ГОТОВНОСТИ СТУДЕНТОВ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЙ СПО К ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ В УСЛОВИЯХ МОНОГОРОДА
Authors: Belosludtseva Natalya Viktorovna
Published: June 2017

В статье на основе анализа подходов к понятию «модель» и особенностей моногорода, предложена педагогическая модель, состоящая из 4 блоков: целевого, содержательного, процессуального, результативно-оценочного. Выделены особенности моногорода. Целевой блок модели состоит из цели, задач, методологических подходов и принципов. Содержательный блок включает содержание образования (теоретическое и практическое), 4 этапа формирования готовности студентов учреждений СПО к профессиональной деятельности в условиях моногорода, компоненты готовности. Процессуальный блок отвечает за обеспечение организации образовательной деятельности. Результативно-оценочный блок предполагает проведение промежуточных и контрольных аналитических процедур, исследований результативности проводимых мероприятий в ходе взаимодействия субъектов образовательного процесса, описание методов, критериев и уровней готовности к профессиональной деятельности.Цель. Статья посвящена актуальной в условиях социально-экономической ситуации теме профессионального образования. Предметом анализа выступает процесс моделирования готовности к профессиональной деятельности. Автор ставит целью представить педагогическую модель формирования готовности студентов учреждений СПО к профессиональной деятельности в условиях моногорода.Метод или методология проведения работы. Методология работы предполагает использование анализа и синтеза материалов исследований, а также собственно метод моделирования.Результаты. В ходе исследования разработана педагогическая модель, приведены ее содержательные характеристики.Область применения результатов. Результаты могут быть применены педагогами в образовательном процессе профессионального образования.
Managing childhood ailments: Chickenpox
Authors: Tinsley Elizabeth
Published: June 2017

Chickenpox is caused by a virus that spreads easily to people with no previous immunity. It is a common illness that most children will catch at some point in childhood, and causes an itchy, spotty rash that clears up in 1–2 weeks. For most children there are no associated complications; however, there are risks for pregnant women, newborns and people with weakened immune systems ( National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), 2016 ).
Missing observations: The loss in relative A-, D- and G-efficiency
Authors: Iwundu Mary
Published: June 2017

The loss in Relative A-, D- and G-efficiency due to missing single or multiple observations is studied using cuboidal designs associated with response models. Higher losses in Relative A- and D-efficiencies are attributed to missing vertex points. The absence of one or two center points does not affect any of Relative A-, D- and G-efficiency, but when its absence is in combination with either a vertex or axial point, there is some negative effect on the design efficiency resulting in some percentage loss in Relative efficiency. The loss in relative efficiency is higher when the missing center point is in combination with missing vertex point. Losses in Relative A- and D-efficiencies are generally higher than losses in Relative G-efficiency. In fact, Relative G-efficiency is mildly affected by the missing vertex or axial point or both.
Eosinophilia and Ulcerative Colitis Associated with Eosinophilic Myocarditis
Authors: Murphy Katie , Waldo Oral , Lohrmann Graham M. , Tazelaar Henry D. , Jokerst Clinton E. , Mookadam Farouk
Published: June 2017

Reactive eosinophilia is associated with inflammatory bowel disease, but its association with eosinophilic myocarditis is rare. We report a case of a 42-year-old man who presented with hypovolemic shock secondary to diarrhea and recently diagnosed nonischemic cardiomyopathy (left ventricular ejection fraction, 0.29). Laboratory evaluation revealed marked peripheral eosinophilia. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging showed evidence of subacute-to-chronic myocarditis, and endomyocardial biopsy results were consistent with eosinophilic myocarditis. Colonic biopsy specimens revealed ulcerative colitis and no eosinophils. Hematologic evaluation was negative for an alternative cause of eosinophilia. The patient was given corticosteroids; his diarrhea resolved, but there was no short-term improvement in his ejection fraction, so an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator was placed. Follow-up at one year showed that the patient's left ventricular ejection fraction had improved to 0.42.
Position of Subcutaneous Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators and Possible Interference on Myocardial Perfusion Imaging
Authors: Kahaly Omar Ray , Shafiei Fereidoon , Hardebeck Charles , Houmsse Mahmoud
Published: June 2017

Implanted cardioverter-defibrillators can prevent sudden cardiac death in at-risk patients. In comparison with conventional transvenous systems, entirely subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillators have produced similar reductions in the rate of sudden cardiac death but with fewer sequelae. An infrequently reported drawback of subcutaneous devices, however, is the potential for generating attenuation artifact during nuclear myocardial perfusion imaging. We had concerns about potential attenuation artifact in a 65-year-old man with coronary artery disease but found that having positioned the pulse generator in the midaxillary zone avoided problems.
The Two Anomalies of Wilhelm Ebstein
Authors: Mazurak Magdalena , Kusa Jacek
Published: June 2017

The year 2016 was the 180th anniversary of Wilhelm Ebstein's birth and the 150th anniversary of his description of the congenital tricuspid valve malformation that came to be known as Ebstein anomaly. We present a brief history of the life and work of Dr. Wilhelm Ebstein. Despite his distinguished career, he is seemingly forgotten in his own birthplace. We include a review of the relevant historical medical literature.
The relationship between the instructors' perfectionism and social emotional loneliness levels
Authors: Kıral Erkan , Çavuş Barış
Published: June 2017

Instructors who strive to do their job in the best way can experience loneliness due to this perfectionist personality trait. That's why, in this research, it was aimed to reveal the relationship between the instructors' perfectionism and loneliness levels. 123 volunteer instructors who were selected by random sampling method participated in the research, which was designed in relational screening model. Descriptive and provable statistical techniques were used in the research. As a result of the research, it was found that general perfectionism of the instructors was relatively above average. The instructors' self-oriented perfectionism was at the highest level. The instructors' social emotional loneliness levels were relatively below average. The instructors' perfectionism and loneliness levels did not differ according to demographic variables. Positive, medium and high level relationships were found among the instructors' perfectionism. There was a negative, low level relationship between the instructors' perfectionism other than socially prescribed perfectionism and their social emotional loneliness. It was found that the instructors' other-oriented perfectionism levels significantly predicted their loneliness. The studies that can support the findings obtained can be conducted at different universities.
Visual-Simulation-Based Personalized Garment Block Design Method for Physically Disabled People with Scoliosis (PDPS)
Authors: Hong Yan , Bruniaux Pascal , Zeng Xianyi , Liu Kaixuan , Curteza Antonela , Chen Yan
Published: June 2017

This research presented a novel method using 3D simulation methods to design customized garments for physically disabled people with scoliosis (PDPS). The proposed method is based on the virtual human model created from 3D scanning, permitting to simulate the consumer’s morphological shape with atypical physical deformations. Next, customized 2D and 3D virtual garment prototyping tools will be used to create products through interactions. The proposed 3D garment design method is based on the concept of knowledge-based design, using the design knowledge and process already applied to normal body shapes successfully. The characters of the PDPS and the relationship between human body and garment are considered in the prototyping process. As a visualized collaborative design process, the communication between designer and consumer is ensured, permitting to adapt the finished product to disabled people afflicted with severe scoliosis.
Corruption, fiscal policy, and growth: a unified approach
Authors: Ghosh Sugata , Neanidis Kyriakos C.
Published: June 2017

We study the effects of bureaucratic corruption on fiscal policy and economic growth, where corruption (i) reduces the tax revenue raised from households, (ii) inflates the volume of government spending, and (iii) reduces the productivity of “effective” government expenditure. We distinguish between the policies pursued by (a) a non-optimizing, and (b) an optimizing government. For both cases, corruption leads to higher income tax and inflation rates and a lower level of government spending, thus hindering growth. In the circumstances, an activist government could allocate its resources in attempting to reduce the type of corruption that harms growth the most. Finally, the findings from our unified framework could rationalize the sometimes conflicting empirical evidence on the impact of corruption on growth in the literature.
Equivalent Stabilizing Force of the Simply Supported Roof Girders Including the Longitudinal Variability of the Compression Force Acting in the Restrained Chord
Authors: Biegus Antoni , Czepiżak Dariusz
Published: June 2017

In the calculation model of the equivalent stabilizing force qd for bracing system consistent with EN 1993-1-1 it has been conservatively assumed that the member to be restrained is uniformly compressed within its length by an axial force. This assumption is incorrect owing to the actual distribution of the axial force which is non-uniform in the shape of parabola. Thus a different imperfection force is generated in comparison with this given in EN 1993-1-1. In the paper the equivalent stabilizing force qd of simply supported roof girders has been analyzed. The formulas for an equivalent stabilizing forces of restrained roof girders with parabolic variability of axial force, have been proposed. Obtained results have been discussed and illustrated with examples.
Application of Hadamard product to some combinatorial and probabilistic problems
Authors: Potekhina Elena A.
Published: June 2017

An improvement of the algebraic method of computing the Hadamard product of rational functions is given. Some applications of the Hadamard product to combinatorial and probabilistic problems are considered.
G. E. Moore and theory of moral/right action in ethics of social consequences
Authors: Gluchman Vasil
Published: June 2017

G. E. Moore’s critical analysis of right action in utilitarian ethics and his consequentialist concept of right action is a starting point for a theory of moral/right action in ethics of social consequences. The termsrightandwronghave different meanings in these theories. The author explores different aspects of right and wrong actions in ethics of social consequences and compares them with Moore’s ideas. He positively evaluates Moore’s contributions to the development his theory of moral/right action.
Comparing habitat preferences of a set of waterbird species wintering in coastal wetlands of North Africa: implication for management
Authors: Elafri Ali , Belhamra Mouhamed , Houhamdi Moussa
Published: June 2017

Every year, the Coastal wetlands of North Africa support an important wintering waterbird population of many Palearctic and sub-Saharan species of various contrasting habitat requirements. In this study, we describe the habitat use by24 water-obligate species wintering in a coastal wetland of the Northeastern Algeria (the wetland of Lake Tonga), highlighting thereby the ecological mechanisms that support their coexistence and their resources partitioning. The analysis of resource exploitation (Relative frequency, Feinsinger niche breadth, Pianka niche overlap and Ivlev’s electivity indexes) showed that waterbird species inhabiting the lake wetland have several similarities in using the different habitat categories, which lead us to cluster them into 5 guilds (G1: one rails, two grebes and eight ducks; G2: five wading species and one gull; G3: three herons; G4: cormorants, mallards, and on gull; finally, G5: only one species Cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis).Almost all the species were specialists in resource utilization patterns (narrow niche breadths, both under 0.3) and therefore, vulnerable to fluctuations in resources, particularly the feeding habitats. Mean niche overlaps for all the pairs of species ranged from 0.05 to 0.68. The overall pattern in the community was higher niche overlaps between the species of a particular guild than those between other species. According to Ivlev’s electivity index, we found that only three microhabitats from seven were the most important for the discussed species, open water body was the most attractive, followed by meadows, muddy areas and floating- leafed vegetation. Similarities on habitat requirements derived from our region can provide important and optimal wetland management at multi-species assemblage level for this wetland and similar area around the African coast.
Sedimentary-vegetation response to the channel by-pass: A case study of the Danube river
Authors: Horáčková Šárka , Lehotský Milan , Štefanička Tomáš , Viczián István
Published: June 2017

The Gabčíkovo-Nagymaros waterworks construction on Danube river in Slovakia (1977−1992) was followed with major ecological consequences. The water level and flow velocity was decreased in the original by-passed channel in order to keep high water level for shipping in the bypass canal. The decrease in discharge and lowering flow velocity resulted in the channel narrowing and increase in the vertical accretion magnitude in new floodplain pockets along both sides of by-passed channel. What is more, anthropic intervention in form of groynes structures built for channel adjustment before 1992 dramatically accelerated this process. Vegetation colonisation took place on the new floodplain. In this paper, we analysed land cover changes - vegetation succession using aerial photographs taken in 1986, 1996, 2004 and 2013 as well as field surveys. After the flood in 2013, the area of the new floodplain reached 57% (310 ha) of the original channel area.
A Rapidly-Incremented Tethered-Swimming Test for Defining Domain-Specific Training Zones
Authors: Pessôa Filho Dalton M. , Siqueira Leandro O.C. , Simionato Astor R. , Espada Mário A.C. , Pestana Daniel S. , DiMenna Fred J.
Published: June 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a tethered-swimming incremental test comprising small increases in resistive force applied every 60 seconds could delineate the isocapnic region during rapidly-incremented exercise. Sixteen competitive swimmers (male, n = 11; female, n = 5) performed: (a) a test to determine highest force during 30 seconds of all-out tethered swimming (Favg) and the ΔF, which represented the difference between Favgand the force required to maintain body alignment (Fbase), and (b) an incremental test beginning with 60 seconds of tethered swimming against a load that exceeded Fbaseby 30% of ΔF followed by increments of 5% of ΔF every 60 seconds. This incremental test was continued until the limit of tolerance with pulmonary gas exchange (rates of oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide production) and ventilatory (rate of minute ventilation) data collected breath by breath. These data were subsequently analyzed to determine whether two breakpoints defining the isocapnic region (i.e., gas exchange threshold and respiratory compensation point) were present. We also determined the peak rate of O2uptake and exercise economy during the incremental test. The gas exchange threshold and respiratory compensation point were observed for each test such that the associated metabolic rates, which bound the heavy-intensity domain during constant-work-rate exercise, could be determined. Significant correlations (Spearman’s) were observed for exercise economy along with (a) peak rate of oxygen uptake (ρ = .562; p < 0.025), and (b) metabolic rate at gas exchange threshold (ρ = −.759; p < 0.005). A rapidly-incremented tethered-swimming test allows for determination of the metabolic rates that define zones for domain-specific constant-work-rate training.
Training System for Occupational Health and Safety with Using Elearning
Authors: Heba Agnieszka
Published: June 2017

Recently there has been a noticeable trend of rising awareness among the employers in Poland of the fact that training on occupational health and safety may to the quality and effectiveness of their business. Providing safe employment is beneficial to both the employer and the employee. Work safety has an influence among others on efficiency, which is in turn one of the fundamental factors affecting the profitability of business activity, especially at the time of crisis. Work safety is important not only at micro but also macroeconomic level as lack of accidents affects the reduction of job costs, the state spends less on accident allowances or rehabilitation benefits. In the traditional approach to training focus was placed only on the training content regardless of the assessment of its effectiveness, and particularly the quality of training measured as the assessment given by the trainee. This study presents a proposition of a new approach consisting in reviewing traditional training on occupational health and safety. This approach aims at improving the quality of training through an appropriately developed training system with the use of e-learning.
Pharmacokinetic Behavior of Marbofloxacin in Plasma from Chickens at Different Seasons
Authors: Urzúa Pizarro Natalia Francisca , Errecalde Carlos Alberto , Prieto Guillermo Fermin , Lüders Carlos Fernando , Paula Tonini María , Picco Eduardo Jesús
Published: June 2017

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the differences in the disposition and plasma pharmacokinetic behavior of marbofloxacin (MAR) in broiler chickens at different seasons. Chicken broilers (n = 345) were used, in lots of 5 individuals, divided into 6 groups depending on the way of administration, intravenous or oral (dose 2 mg/kg) and the test period. Post-administration plasma samples were obtained at different times, intravenously (0.08 to 24 hours) and orally (0.25 to 120 hours). A liquid-liquid extraction of MAR was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a fluorescent detector. The plasma concentrations obtained at the different sampling times of each season, were analyzed with ANOVA and pharmacokinetic analysis was conducted with the PK Solution 2.0 software. The concentration of marbofloxacin in plasma was significantly lower in winter and summer than in spring, with MAR being detected in winter up to 72 hours post-application, coinciding with the differences in MAR pharmacokinetics parameters with increase in the average residence time (MRT) is 9.4 hours in winter. Increased clearance MAR in summer (7.5 ml/min/kg) coincides with MRT 6.3 hours. Finally, the oral bioavailability of MAR is lower in summer and winter (86 ± 1.7% and 78 ± 3.1%) than in spring (94 ± 5.2 %). There are differences in the disposition and plasma pharmacokinetic behavior of MAR applied orally in broiler chickens, coinciding with the physiological changes in the thermoregulation of birds, considering its correct therapeutic management and contributing to provide safe food for human consumption.
Crystal structure of catena-poly[aqua-(μ3-1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylato-κ3
O:O′:O′′)-[μ3hydroxy-(1,3-di-(μ2-1,2,4-triazole-4-yl)benzoato-κ2
N:N′)copper(II)], C19H16Cu2N6O9
Authors: Miao Shao-Bin
Published: June 2017

C19H16Cu2N6O9, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 7.9182(8) Å, b = 11.7533(12) Å, c = 22.7024(19) Å, V = 2015.7(3) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0309, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0692, T = 293(2) K.
A second order numerical method for a class of parameterized singular perturbation problems on adaptive grid
Authors: Shakti D. , Mohapatra J.
Published: June 2017

A nonlinear singularly perturbed boundary value problem depending on a parameter is considered. First, we solve the problem using the backward Euler finite difference scheme on an adaptive grid. The adaptive grid is a special nonuniform mesh generated through equidistribution principle by a positive monitor function depending on the solution. The behavior of the solution, the stability and the error estimates are discussed. Then, the Richardson extrapolation technique is applied to improve the accuracy of the computed solution associated to the backward Euler scheme. The proofs of the uniform convergence for the backward Euler scheme and the Richardson extrapolation are carried out. Numerical experiments validate the theoretical estimates and indicates that the estimates are sharp.
Vowel reduction patterns of early Spanish- English bilinguals receiving continuous L1 and L2 input
Authors: Byers Emily
Published: June 2017

This study investigates the production of three morphophonetic variations of schwa in American English: the plural allomorph {-s} as in watches, the possessive allomorph {-s} as in Sasha’s, and word-finally as in Russia. The production of these three allomorphs were examined in Miami’s English monolingual and early Spanish-English bilingual populations. Our purpose was to determine how native-like early Spanish-English bilinguals′ spectral qualities and reduced vowel durations were compared to Miami English monolinguals during a reading task. Results indicate that early bilinguals′ reduced vowels followed the same overall pattern as monolinguals, but had different acoustic properties.
Música y movimiento en Pixar: las UST como recurso analítico / Music and movement in Pixar: the TSU’S as an analytical resource
Authors: Calderón Garrido Diego , Gustems Carnicer Josep , Duran Castells Jaume
Published: June 2017

La música para el cine de animación está estrechamente ligada con el movimiento de los personajes y la acción narrativa. Este artículo presenta las Unidades Semióticas Temporales (UST) propuestas por Delalande, como una herramienta multimodal para el análisis musical de las acciones que suceden en las películas de dibujos animados, siguiendo la tradición del Mickey Mousing. Para ello se ha aplicado una ficha con las diecinueve UST a los catorce largometrajes de Pixar producidos entre 1995-2013. Los resultados nos permiten plantear la conveniencia del uso de las UST para la comprensión de la música en estos productos, especialmente en lo que respecta a la temática y caracterización de los personajes, y como apoyo a la narrativa audiovisual de este género.
Comparative Genomics of Two Sequential Candida glabrata Clinical Isolates
Authors: Vale-Silva Luis , Beaudoing Emmanuel , Tran Van Du T , Sanglard Dominique
Published: June 2017

Candida glabrata is an important fungal pathogen which develops rapid antifungal resistance in treated patients. It is known that azole treatments lead to antifungal resistance in this fungal species and that multidrug efflux transporters are involved in this process. Specific mutations in the transcriptional regulator PDR1 result in upregulation of the transporters. In addition, we showed that the PDR1 mutations can contribute to enhance virulence in animal models. In this study, we were interested to compare genomes of two specific C. glabrata-related isolates, one of which was azole susceptible (DSY562) while the other was azole resistant (DSY565). DSY565 contained a PDR1 mutation (L280F) and was isolated after a time-lapse of 50 d of azole therapy. We expected that genome comparisons between both isolates could reveal additional mutations reflecting host adaptation or even additional resistance mechanisms. The PacBio technology used here yielded 14 major contigs (sizes 0.18–1.6 Mb) and mitochondrial genomes from both DSY562 and DSY565 isolates that were highly similar to each other. Comparisons of the clinical genomes with the published CBS138 genome indicated important genome rearrangements, but not between the clinical strains. Among the unique features, several retrotransposons were identified in the genomes of the investigated clinical isolates. DSY562 and DSY565 each contained a large set of adhesin-like genes (101 and 107, respectively), which exceed by far the number of reported adhesins (63) in the CBS138 genome. Comparison between DSY562 and DSY565 yielded 17 nonsynonymous SNPs (among which the was the expected PDR1 mutation) as well as small size indels in coding regions (11) but mainly in adhesin-like genes. The genomes contained a DNA mismatch repair allele of MSH2 known to be involved in the so-called hyper-mutator phenotype of this yeast species and the number of accumulated mutations between both clinical isolates is consistent with the presence of a MSH2 defect. In conclusion, this study is the first to compare genomes of C. glabrata sequential clinical isolates using the PacBio technology as an approach. The genomes of these isolates taken in the same patient at two different time points exhibited limited variations, even if submitted to the host pressure.
Fine Mapping, Transcriptome Analysis, and Marker Development forY2, the Gene That Conditions β-Carotene Accumulation in Carrot (Daucus carotaL.)
Authors: Ellison Shelby , Senalik Douglas , Bostan Hamed , Iorizzo Massimo , Simon Philipp
Published: June 2017

Domesticated carrots, Daucus carota subsp. sativus, are the richest source of β-carotene in the US diet, which, when consumed, is converted into vitamin A, an essential component of eye health and immunity. The Y2 locus plays a significant role in beta-carotene accumulation in carrot roots, but a candidate gene has not been identified. To advance our understanding of this locus, the genetic basis of β-carotene accumulation was explored by utilizing an advanced mapping population, transcriptome analysis, and nucleotide diversity in diverse carrot accessions with varying levels of β-carotene. A single large effect Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) on the distal arm of chromosome 7 overlapped with the previously identified β-carotene accumulation QTL, Y2. Fine mapping efforts reduced the genomic region of interest to 650 kb including 72 genes. Transcriptome analysis within this fine mapped region identified four genes differentially expressed at two developmental time points, and 13 genes differentially expressed at one time point. These differentially expressed genes included transcription factors and genes involved in light signaling and carotenoid flux, including a member of the Di19 gene family involved in Arabidopsis photomorphogenesis, and a homolog of the bHLH36 transcription factor involved in maize carotenoid metabolism. Analysis of nucleotide diversity in 25 resequenced carrot accessions revealed a drastic decrease in diversity of this fine-mapped region in orange cultivated accessions as compared to white and yellow cultivated and to white wild samples. The results presented in this study provide a foundation to identify and characterize the gene underlying β-carotene accumulation in carrot.
The impact of 8 weeks selected corrective exercises on neck pain, range of motion in the shoulder and neck of lifesaver women who suffering from forward head posture and myofascial pain syndrome
Authors: Tabatabaei Melody , Mohebbi Behrouz Barjasteh , Rahimi Alireza
Published: June 2017

Background: The purpose of this research was studying the impact of 8 weeks selected corrective exercises on neck pain, range of motion in the shoulder and neck of lifesaver women who suffering from forward head posture and myofascial pain syndrome.

Methods: The method of research is semi-experimental. The population consists of 30 lifesaver women who suffering from forward head posture and myofascial pain syndrome who they placed randomly in two groups of experimental (33±2.2) and control (33±2.5). Research plan was as the pre-test and post-test with control group. The exercise protocol was carried out by experimental groups for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week, each session lasting 45 minutes. Studied variables include myofascial pain in the neck, shoulder and neck range of motion. The mean and standard deviation were used as descriptive statistics and in the section of inferential statistics analysis of covariance was used.

Results: Results of research indicated that, the protocol on the reform exercise of neck pain (P=0.001), range of motion of shoulder joint (P=0.001) and neck range of motion (P=0.001) has significant difference.

Conclusion: Therefore, lifesavers women can benefit from it as a training program to improve and prevent damage caused by head forward and myofascial pain syndrome.
Coverage Hole Recovery Algorithm Based on Molecule Model in Heterogeneous WSNs
Authors: Song Xiaoli , Gong Yunzhan , Jin Dahai , Li Qiangyi , Jing Hengchang
Published: June 2017

In diverse application fields, the increasing requisitions of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have more and more research dedicated to the question of sensor nodes’ deployment in recent years. For deployment of sensor nodes, some key points that should be taken into consideration are the coverage area to be monitored, energy consumed of nodes, connectivity, amount of deployed sensors and lifetime of the WSNs. This paper analyzes the wireless sensor network nodes deployment optimization problem. Wireless sensor nodes deployment determines the nodes’ capability and lifetime. For node deployment in heterogeneous sensor networks based on different probability sensing models of heterogeneous nodes, the author refers to the organic small molecule model and proposes a molecule sensing model of heterogeneous nodes in this paper. DSmT is an extension of the classical theory of evidence, which can combine with any type of trust function of an independent source, mainly concentrating on combined uncertainty, high conflict, and inaccurate source of evidence. Referring to the data fusion model, the changes in the network coverage ratio after using the new sensing model and data fusion algorithm are studied. According to the research results, the nodes deployment scheme of heterogeneous sensor networks based on the organic small molecule model is proposed in this paper. The simulation model is established by MATLAB software. The simulation results show that the effectiveness of the algorithm, the network coverage, and detection efficiency of nodes are improved, the lifetime of the network is prolonged, energy consumption and the number of deployment nodes are reduced, and the scope of perceiving is expanded. As a result, the coverage hole recovery algorithm can improve the detection performance of the network in the initial deployment phase and coverage hole recovery phase.
Recursos competitivos no empreendedorismo internacional: uma análise qualitativa em empresas exportadoras
Authors: Pereira Yákara Vasconcelos , Moraes Walter Fernando Araújo de , Salazar Viviane Santos
Published: June 2017

Resumo A perspectiva teórica da visão baseada em recursos vem contribuindo para a compreensão da administração estratégica e das ações de empreendedores. Diante da sua significativa relevância, este artigo tem por objetivo identificar os recursos competitivos desenvolvidos por empreendedores internacionais de empresas exportadoras. Um estudo de múltiplos casos foi realizado com quatro empresas localizadas no semiárido do Nordeste brasileiro, assim, 31 entrevistas foram realizadas e analisadas em conjunto com documentos e material bibliográfico. A análise de conteúdo foi apoiada pelo software ATLAS.ti. Os recursos conhecimento, equipe, liquidez, marca, produção, qualidade e relacionamentos são os que se destacam nos resultados. Portanto, a natureza tangível e intangível dos recursos é evidenciada e revela a importância do desenvolvimento de recursos por parte dos empreendedores internacionais para a internacionalização.
A explosão do olhar: do tabaco nos Arawa do rio Purus
Authors: Aparicio Miguel
Published: June 2017

Resumo Na mitologia arawa, o tabaco é concebido “em chave de água”, enquanto a presença desta planta na vida cotidiana mostra, paradoxalmente, um movimento “em chave de fogo”. O tabaco e os venenos revelam, para os grupos indígenas do Purus, um cromatismo genuíno, no marco da “mitologia regressiva” que Lévi-Strauss encontrou em outros contextos ameríndios. Nas narrativas arawa, o tabaco é percebido como alimento, mas os seus efeitos eméticos, entorpecentes ou tóxicos permitem situá-lo entre os antialimentos. Tabaco e venenos operam uma lógica reversa, que transforma as presas em predadores dos seus predadores. O xamanismo efetiva um movimento de aproximação perigosa com a alteridade através dos venenos, ao associar o tabaco ao curare das flechas, ao veneno das serpentes, ao timbó. Nos mitos arawa (Suruwaha, Banawa, Deni...), o cromatismo dos venenos do xamã transtorna a diferença entre presas e predadores, e reverte a ordem instável do cosmos.