bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antibacterial Effect of Pre-constructed 3D Bone Scaffolds before and after Modification with Propolis
Authors: Hesham Mai , Elshishtawy Hisham , El Kady Sherihan , Wahied Dina
Published: March 2022

AIM: This study was to determine and compare the antibacterial activity of different scaffold materials before and after their modification with ethanolic extract of Egyptian propolis ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP).

SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Preparation of the dry mass of propolis, preparation of EEP, preparation of the scaffolds, and antibacterial activity testing.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four bacterial strains were used to determine the antibacterial activity of two different scaffold materials before and after their modification with EEP (15% and 25% by weight).

RESULTS: Tricalcium phosphate + gelatin binder modified by 25% EEP exhibited the highest antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli. While, tricalcium phosphate + (alginate and cellulose nanowhiskers) binder modified by 25% EEP demonstrated the highest antibacterial activity Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, and Lactobacillus casei.

CONCLUSIONS: It can be concluded that EEP had a significant effect on the antibacterial activity of both scaffold materials; the antibacterial activity was higher against Gram-positive bacteria.
Monotonicity and nonexistence of positive solutions for pseudo-relativistic equation with indefinite nonlinearity
Authors: Guo Yuxia , Peng Shaolong
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we consider the following general pseudo-relativistic Schrödinger equation with indefinite nonlinearities:

   \begin{document}$ (-\Delta+m^{2})^{s}u = a(x_1)f\left(u,\nabla u\right),\quad {\rm{in}} \,\,\mathbb R^{N}, $\end{document}

where \begin{document}$ s\in(0,1) $\end{document}, mass \begin{document}$ m>0 $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ a $\end{document} is a non-decreasing functions. We prove the nonexistence and the monotonicity of the positive bounded solution for the above equation via the direct method of moving planes.
Symmetry and monotonicity of positive solutions for a class of general pseudo-relativistic systems
Authors: Chen Xueying , Li Guanfeng , Bao Sijia
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we focus on a class of general pseudo-relativistic systems

   \begin{document}$ \begin{equation*} \begin{cases} \begin{aligned} &(-\Delta+m^2)^su(x) = f(u(x), v(x)), \\ &(-\Delta+m^2)^tv(x) = g(u(x), v(x)), \end{aligned} \end{cases} \end{equation*} $\end{document}

where \begin{document}$ m \in (0, +\infty) $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ s, t \in (0,1) $\end{document}. Before giving the main results, we first introduce a decay at infinity and a narrow region principle. Then we implement the direct method of moving planes to show the radial symmetry and monotonicity of positive solutions for the above system in both the unit ball and the whole space.
On the stabilization of a flexible structure via a nonlinear delayed boundary control
Authors: Chentouf Boumediène , Feng Baowei
Published: March 2022

The main concern of this article is to investigate the stabilization problem of a flexible structure with one dynamical boundary condition subject to two nonlinearities in the proposed boundary control. Specifically, the first nonlinearity is related to the velocity term, while the second one arises from the delayed term. Despite such a situation, it is shown that the system has a global solution by means of semigroups theory of nonlinear operators. More importantly, we prove that the system energy decays. An estimate of the decay rate of the energy is explicitly provided depending on the type of the nonlinearities.
Stability analysis of time-varying delay neural network for convex quadratic programming with equality constraints and inequality constraints
Authors: Zhang Ling , Sun Xiaoqi
Published: March 2022

This paper presented a class of neural networks with time-varying delays to solve quadratic programming problems. Compared with previous papers, the neural networks proposed in this paper replaced the constant time delays \begin{document}$ \tau $\end{document} with variable time delays \begin{document}$ \tau(t) $\end{document} and had a more concise structure. There was an improvement of previous method in proving the existence and uniqueness of solutions of the neural networks in this paper. Further, this paper gave the conditions to be satisfied for the global exponential stability of the proposed neural networks. Through numerical examples, this paper verified that the proposed neural networks were accurate and efficient in solving the quadratic programming problems.
ANAPT: Additive noise analysis for persistence thresholding
Authors: Myers Audun D. , Khasawneh Firas A. , Fasy Brittany T.
Published: March 2022

We introduce a novel method for Additive Noise Analysis for Persistence Thresholding (ANAPT) which separates significant features in the sublevel set persistence diagram of a time series based on a statistics analysis of the persistence of a noise distribution. Specifically, we consider an additive noise model and leverage the statistical analysis to provide a noise cutoff or confidence interval in the persistence diagram for the observed time series. This analysis is done for several common noise models including Gaussian, uniform, exponential, and Rayleigh distributions. ANAPT is computationally efficient, does not require any signal pre-filtering, is widely applicable, and has open-source software available. We demonstrate the functionality of ANAPT with both numerically simulated examples and an experimental data set. Additionally, we provide an efficient \begin{document}$ \Theta(n\log(n)) $\end{document} algorithm for calculating the zero-dimensional sublevel set persistence homology.
Les Grandi Horrea d’Ostie
Authors: Boetto Giulia , Bukowiecki Évelyne , Monteix Nicolas , Rousse Corinne
Published: March 2022

Insérés au sein de l’espace public défini à l’est de la zone du castrum républicain, les Grandi Horrea d’Ostie constituent l’un des plus grands entrepôts connus jusqu’à présent dans la cité portuaire et occupent la majeure partie d’un îlot urbain, entre le decumanus maximus et le Tibre. Cette contribution, après avoir rappelé l’histoire du monument, de son insertion dans le tissu urbain à sa fouille systématique pendant la Première Guerre mondiale, propose de faire le point sur ce que nous connaissons des principales étapes de la vie du monument qui s’étale du premier quart du Ier siècle ap. J.-C. jusqu’au moins tout le IIIe siècle, et ce que nous pouvons restituer sur le fonctionnement technique de ces entrepôts. Dans ce cadre, une attention particulière a été portée sur le transport maritime des grains et le déchargement des bateaux, sur les manutentions à l’intérieur du bâtiment et les caractéristiques des aires de stockage, sur les techniques de conservation des grains et le calcul des capacités, et sur la gestion des entrepôts et la redistribution des denrées vers la ville.
Un document inédit sur le calcul des capacités de stockage des entrepôts : comparaison entre Rome et Venise
Authors: Da Gai Enrico , Vertecchi Giulia
Published: March 2022

Cette contribution illustre la méthode de calcul de la capacité de stockage de l’entrepôt de Terra Nova à Venise selon les données fournies par un document inédit du 1788. Cette méthode se fondant sur un principe de géométrie et sur la physiologie du blé montre toute sa validité appliquée aussi au calcul de la capacité de stockage d’autres entrepôts comme celui de Clément XI à Rome.
Le rappresentazioni planimetriche di Villa Adriana tra XVI e XVIII secolo
Authors: Cinque Giuseppina Enrica
Published: March 2022

Dal XV secolo a oggi la Villa Tiburtina fatta costruire dall’imperatore Elio Adriano a Tivoli non ha mai cessato di stimolare l’interesse di studiosi attratti dalla quantità e qualità delle sue decorazioni e soluzioni architettoniche. Da tale interesse si è sviluppata una cospicua letteratura che oggi si arricchisce di un nuovo contributo, impostato su una chiave di lettura innovativa e passibile di suscitare spunti di riflessione sia nell’ambito archeologico, sia in quello a carattere storicoarchitettonico.
Attraverso una accurata disamina delle prime rappresentazioni planimetriche dell’intero sito imperiale, sempre analizzate in relazione a quanto attualmente rilevato e rilevabile, nel volume si approfondiscono l’operato e i contributi di quanti, nel corso di circa due secoli, hanno rivolto la loro attenzione indagatoria alla Villa. Per alcuni di essi, tra i quali Pirro Ligorio,Francesco Contini, Giovanni Battista Piranesi, Jacques Gondoin e Francesco Piranesi, la ricercacondotta ha recato a risultati inattesi, talora inediti, per lo più suscettibili di suggerire nuoviindicatori di ricerca anche e non solo per quanti sono attesi allo studio dell’immane Villa imperialeTiburtina.
Powered inferior turbinoplasty in children
Authors: Rubasinghe M. S.
Published: March 2022

Powered inferior turbinoplasty in children is described in detail in this “How I do it” article. This procedure is not commonly done in either children or in adults in the local setup. The procedure is simple, rarely gives complications and relatively easy. Equipment and instruments needed for this procedure are available in most of our ENT theatres.
Transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy (TET), A successful first experience in Sri Lanka
Authors: Rizny M. S. M. , Tennakoon T. M. S. B.
Published: March 2022

Transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy is a Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) without a scar. It’s feasible with a minimal dissection with aesthetically pleasing results. The main aim is to provide a thyroidectomy with a ‘scar-free’ surgery. This isa novel procedure, relying on the principles of natural orifice transluminal surgery (NOTES). We present a 60-year-old female with a right solitary nodule in the thyroid gland and FNAC was suggestive of a colloid adenoma(BETH-2).
The patient underwent a transoral endoscopic hemi thyroidectomy. Operative time was around 3 and half hours with minimal complications and is the one of the few documented cases in south Asia.
Retropharyngeal haematoma following thrombolytic therapy with Tenecteplase for acute myocardial infarction: a case report
Authors: Kallora J. B. Bandara , Rajapaksha G. P. , Suthersan P.
Published: March 2022

Retropharyngeal haematomas (RPHs) are rare but can give rise to life threatening acute airway obstruction andrequire prompt diagnosis and management. Its clinical presentation is not always straight forward. Majority of RPHs are managed conservatively while few need surgical evacuation. We present a case of a 41-year-old male who needed surgical evacuation of RPH following single dose of Tenecteplase (rt-PA) for acute ST elevation myocardial infarction. We present this case because of its rarity with thrombolytic therapy.
ENT UK Spring Meeting
Authors: Editors Co-
Published: March 2022

No abstract available
Macroeconomic Variables and Stock Market Performance in Sri Lanka: An ARDL Bound Testing Approach
Authors: Kengatharan Lingesiya , Ford Jeyan Suganya Dimon
Published: March 2022

The aim of the study is to examine the impact of macroeconomic variables on stock market performance in Sri Lanka. This study uses yearly data collected from the annual reports of the Central Bank of Sri Lanka for the period from 1990 to 2019. Macroeconomic variables used in this study are interest rate, inflation rate, real exchange rate, and money supply while All Share Price Index (ASPI) is used to measure the stock market performance. Inflation rate and interest rate are found stationary at zero levels while exchange rate, money supply and stock market performance are found stationary at levels one in the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test. No serial correlation is found among variables by employing Breusch-Godfrey LM Test. The Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds test is used to test the long-run and short-run relationships between variables. The empirical result reveals that there is a negative and significant impact of interest rate and inflation rate on stock market performance while exchange rate and money supply do not hold any significant impact on stock market performance in the long run. Further, it is found that there is a negative and significant impact of interest rate on stock market performance in the short run.
Viral Marketing and Impulse Buying: The Role of Online Trust in a Pandemic
Authors: Liyanapathirana Yasindee
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine whether there is an impact from viral marketing on impulse buying with the mediating effect of online trust during the Covid-19 pandemic. A questionnaire with a five-point likert scale was circulated among online customers to collect primary data for the research objective, and the research sample consists of 155 respondents. The data were subsequently analyzed with the help of SPSS and SmartPLS software. Overall, the findings indicated that viral marketing has a positive impact on online trust, that online trust has a positive impact on impulse buying, that viral marketing has a positive impact on impulse buying, and that there is a partial mediation of online trust in the relationship between viral marketing and impulse buying. Theoretically, the study contributes by looking at the relationship between viral marketing and impulse buying, as well as the mediating influence of trust on viral marketing and impulse buying. Marketers can utilize the findings of this research to learn more about their customers and design more effective marketing tactics.
Stewart-Treves Syndrome in the Lower Limb after Arthroplasty- A Case Report
Authors: Agrawal Ishan , Ray Arunima , Kar Bikash R. , Agrawal Ira
Published: March 2022

Stewart-Treves Syndrome is a rare and fatal condition where cutaneous angiosarcoma—a high-grade malignant tumor originating in the vascular and lymphatic endothelium—classically develops in the upper limbs post-mastectomy, with radiation therapy and axillary lymph node dissection. There are very few reports of the syndrome developing in the lower limbs, without any preceding malignancy or radiation therapy. The median development time is 11 years. Angiosarcoma originates in the vascular and lymphatic vessels, and the diagnosis is based on histopathology and immunohistochemistry findings. We report an unusual presentation of the Stewart–Treves Syndrome in an elderly female involving the lower limb with preexisting chronic lymphedema, where the tumor developed 15 months after total knee arthroplasty.
COVID-19 Lockdown in Enugu, Nigeria
Authors: Bisi-Onyemaechi Adaobi I. , Aronu Ann E. , Chikani Ugo N. , Chime Pascal U. , Uwaezuoke Ndubuisi A. , Nduagubam Obinna C. , Ojinnaka Ngozi C.
Published: March 2022

Background:

COVID-19 pandemic has had a severe impact on the global economy and the public health systems of all affected countries.

Objectives:

To understand the challenges (health, cognitive, economic, and psychological) posed by the lockdown for the COVID-19 pandemic on caregivers of children with chronic neurological disorders in Enugu, Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:

A focused group discussion was done with seven caregiver-patient pairs while observing all precautionary measures. The responses of the participants were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed.

Results:

There was limited access to physicians to review the children’s health, lack of money for medications with worsening of symptoms in some cases. Some children had forgotten what they had learnt during the previous academic period whereas others had torn their books. The policy imposed hunger on the households. Caregivers lost their jobs, and others had their businesses locked down and were unable to provide food. Children had access to cloth face masks but seldom adhered to its use. The participants were well adapted to handwashing. One participant had access to a hand sanitizer. The lockdown of worship centers conferred a sense of anger, frustration, and hopelessness among some of the participants.

Conclusion:

The lockdown affected access to health services, interrupted learning, superimposed hunger, and affected the social well-being of the study participants. It is recommended that locally adapted strategies be developed to mitigate unintended effects of health policies on sick children and their caregivers.
Pattern, Frequency, and Correlates of Seizure-Related Headache in Enugu, Southeast Nigeria
Authors: Ezeala-Adikaibe Birinus Adikaibe , Nwazor Ernest , Onodugo Obinna Donatus , Okoye Innocent , Ekochin Fintan , Ijoma Uchenna N. , Ezeala-Adikaibe Ngozi P. , Mbadiwe Nkeiruka , Onodugo Nkiru Pauline , Orah-Okpala Chidimma
Published: March 2022

Introduction:

The association of headache and epilepsy has long been recognized in clinical practice. Primary headache, especially migraine, is episodic and shares common genetic and pathologic pathways. Current definition of epilepsy underscores the impact of other neurologic comorbidities such as headache in the burden of epilepsy. There is a paucity of data on seizure-related headache in Nigeria.

Objectives:

The objectives of this study were to describe the pattern and correlates of seizure-related headache among people with epilepsy (PWE) attending medical outpatient clinics in Enugu, Southeast Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:

Data were collected from the epilepsy register of PWE attending medical outpatient clinics in two teaching hospitals in Enugu. Data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical software.

Results:

The overall prevalence of headache among PWE was 48% (73/152). A history of migraine was reported in 3 (2%) of the patients. The commonest form of headache was postictal headache 24 (15.8%). Preictal headache was reported by 16 (10.5%), out of which 4 (4.5%) were reported as possible auras. Headache pain was mainly aching 44 (60.3%) and generalized 41 (56.2%). Seizure-related headaches correlated with medical history of alcohol use (P = 0.04). Positive history of head injury and epilepsy-related head injury weakly correlated with having headache (P = 0.07), respectively.

Conclusion:

PWE often have seizure-related headaches. Such headaches occur mainly after seizures. Careful evaluation of PWE should include the burden and impact of headache in the lives of these patients.
World Health Organization’s Recommendation on Breastfeeding
Authors: Nduagubam Obinna C. , Bisi-Onyemaechi Adaobi I. , Ndu Ikenna K. , Onukwuli Vivian O. , Amadi Ogechukwu , Ogbuka Frank F. , Ezenwosu Osita , Iheji Chinonso
Published: March 2022

Background:

The World Health Organization (WHO) has made recommendations for breastfeeding. These recommendations are to promote proper breastfeeding practices, which are essential for improved child health and survival.

Objectives:

The study intended to determine the level of awareness of WHO breastfeeding recommendations among nursing mothers in Enugu and how awareness translates into practice.

Materials and Methods:

A questionnaire was used to assess the awareness of WHO recommendations on breastfeeding and breastfeeding practices of mothers in Enugu, Nigeria.

Results:

Most (254; 64.1%) mothers have not heard about the WHO recommendation on breastfeeding; majority (81.1%) were aware of exclusive breastfeeding. Antenatal clinics are the commonest source of information on breastfeeding. Only 2.5% mothers intend to breastfeed for the duration recommended. Awareness of WHO recommendations was not associated with decision to breastfeed or frequency of breastfeeding. Younger mothers were less likely to be aware of the recommendation (P = 0.007, OR = 0.559, 95% CI = 0.366–0.851), while antenatal care attendance was associated with increased awareness (P = 0.002, OR = 10.389, 95% CI = 2.439–44.262). Maternal education affected breastfeeding frequency only.

Conclusion:

Significant gaps exist in awareness of the WHO recommendations on breastfeeding among mothers in Enugu, Nigeria.
Scapular Osteochondroma
Authors: Onwuasoigwe Okechukwu , Onuh Augustine C. , Nwosu Arinze D. G.
Published: March 2022

Winged scapula is most commonly caused by injury of the long thoracic nerve which results in paralysis of the serratus anterior muscle. Scapular osteochondroma is uncommon and rarely presents as winged scapula in the skeletally matured patients. We report a 9-year-old female with progressive winging of the left scapula due to osteochondroma on its costal surface. The clinical diagnosis of the cause of the scapular winging was difficult because the tumor was non-palpable, mainly cartilaginous, and not visible on a plain radiograph but was unraveled with ultrasonography. Diagnosis of osteochondroma in a pre-teen is unusual but should be considered in the differential diagnosis for static-winged scapula in a child.
Pediatric “Brought in Dead”
Authors: Ndu Ikenna K. , Edelu Benedict O. , Nduagubam Obinna C. , Ogbuka Frank N. , Asinobi Isaac N.
Published: March 2022

Background:

Information obtained from the “brought in dead” (BID) cases is important in understanding the challenges in seeking health care and help in policy making.

Objective:

This study was conducted to describe the characteristics of children presenting to Enugu State University Teaching Hospital (ESUTH), Enugu as BID and probable causes of death.

Materials and Methods:

This descriptive study was conducted in the Children Emergency Room (CHER) of ESUTH. Information from all cases of BID children presenting to the CHER of ESUTH between May 2016 and April 2020 was recorded in a register after the confirmation of death. A probable diagnosis was made by verbal autopsy. Data were entered and analyzed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 (Chicago, IL). Results were presented as tables, bar chart, and prose.

Results:

There were 124 cases of BID, accounting for 2.2% of the total presentations and 43.1% of the mortalities. Their ages ranged from one month to 192 months, with a median age of 12 months. Majority (61, 49.2%) of the dead children were infants. There was an almost equal sex distribution with 63 males and a male-to-female ratio of 1:1. Probable causes of death included acute gastroenteritis (AGE), severe anemia, sepsis, acute encephalitic syndrome, and aspiration. None of the cases was referred from a health facility. There was a bimodal peak for the annual presentation (January and October). Most of the presentations were during the day (86, 69.4%). None of the parents gave consent for autopsy.

Conclusion:

The rate of children dying before receiving health care in our hospital is high; there is an urgent need for continuous mass mobilization within the communities to improve the health-seeking behaviors, and also to teach them to recognize danger signs in children.
Tuberculin Conversion Rate after BCG Vaccination of Apparently Healthy Infants in a Resource-Poor Setting
Authors: Enemuo Eziamaka J. , Iloh Kenechukwu Kosisochukwu , Ubesie Agozie C. , Okafor Henrietta U. , Ikefuna Anthony Nnaemeka
Published: March 2022

Background:

Although Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) vaccine remains one of the most important public health preventive measures against tuberculosis (TB), the presence of a BCG scar may not imply an immune response. Tuberculin reactivity after BCG vaccination has been the most common measure of the effect of the BCG vaccine. Post-vaccination BCG-induced tuberculin reactivity ranges from no induration to an induration diameter of 15 mm. However, tuberculin conversion in infants is usually about 10 mm in more than 90% of infants tested at 12 weeks post-vaccination age.

Objective:

This study sought to assess the tuberculin conversion rate after BCG vaccination.

Materials and Methods:

It was a hospital-based cross-sectional study. Two hundred and eighty (280) infants aged 13 to 15 weeks who received BCG vaccination within one month of birth were enrolled. The BCG scar diameter was measured, and Mantoux test was done. Data were analyzed by using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 20 (Chicago Il).

Results:

Among the 280 BCG-vaccinated infants, tuberculin conversion rate was 64%, whereas scar failure rate was 28.9%. Overall, 75.9% of infants with a BCG scar had a positive Mantoux test. The BCG-vaccinated infants with a BCG scar were about six times more likely to have a tuberculin conversion than those without a BCG scar (OR =5.641, 95% C.I = 3.227 to 9.859).

Conclusion:

There was a 64% conversion rate among the BCG-vaccinated infants. The presence of the BCG scar correlated well with the tuberculin conversion rate.
Different clinical characteristics between recurrent and non-recurrent acute pancreatitis
Authors: Song Kun , Guo Cuirong , He Liudang , Li Changluo , Ding Ning
Published: March 2022

Background:

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common digestive disorder with different clinical outcomes, some of which develop into recurrent acute pancreatitis (RAP). This study aimed to explore the differences between AP and RAP.

Methods:

All patients with AP admitted to Changsha Central Hospital between January 2015 and December 2020 were included. Characteristics between RAP and non-RAP groups were compared. Independent factors associated with RAP were identified by multivariate logistic regression analyses.

Results:

This was a retrospective study. A total of 1567 patients, including 262 patients in the RAP group and 1305 patients in the non-RAP group, were enrolled. Compared to the non-RAP group, results indicated that the RAP group was younger (P < 0.001), had a male predominance (P < 0.001), and had higher incidences of diabetes (P < 0.001) and hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) (P < 0.001). Lower incidences of cholelithiasis (P < 0.001) and acute liver injury (P < 0.001) were also noted in the RAP group. Scores of Ranson, BISAP, SOFA, and APACHE II were significantly higher in the non-RAP group (P < 0.001 for all). Three independent factors associated with RAP, including male gender (P = 0.006), diabetes (P < 0.001), and HTG (P < 0.001), were identified by multivariate logistic regression.

Conclusion:

Compared to the non-RAP, the incidence of cholelithiasis and acute liver injury was lower in RAP. Three independent factors associated with RAP, namely male, diabetes, and HTG, were identified.
“Does Adwa have a Colonial Legacy? Assessing the viability of the Colonial Thesis for Understanding Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century Ethiopia”
Authors: Brian J. Yates
Published: March 2022

For many, the Ethiopian victory at Adwa was an African victory over European colonialism, but some scholars have reimagined the triumph as an example of  African colonialism in recent years. This view culminates in the colonial thesis.  This colonial thesis casts Menilek II of Shäwa (r.1888-1913) as a colonizer of Southern groups in present-day Ethiopia and posits his state as a foreign colonial power. This view is one of the theoretical underpinnings of the present Ethiopian ethnic federalism and many ethnolinguistic nationalist movements. One of the ways that it impacts identities, as the Ethiopian scholar Maimire Mennasemay puts it, “. . . ontologizes ethnic identity and falsely represents Ethiopia as a collection of discrete, ethnic communities, brought together by ‘Amhara colonialism.’” The scholar Mahmoud Mamdani builds on this view by arguing that transforming identities (politicizing nativity) was essential in governing colonial empires. In other words, the colonial government invented settlers and natives in their territories and treated them accordingly. In essence, this essay details the identities that were produced as a result of Ethiopia’s victory at Adwa and argues that while oppression accompanied the conquest of territories North, East, West, and South of Menilek’s native Shäwan province, Menilek’s government did not produce identities to make power exclusive for one group as displayed at both the participation at the battle and in the administration that the victory preserved.
Contingencies, Contradictions and Struggles for Black Freedom and Emancipation: Adwa and Decolonisation Today
Authors: Asher Gamedze  , Semeneh Ayalew
Published: March 2022

In this paper we reflect on and consider Adwa from the perspective of historical and continuing international Black movements and struggles for freedom in its aftermath. Adwa and, by extension, Ethiopia more broadly became a symbol and touchtone of African anti-colonial militancy, political independence and autonomy in an anti-black world. Adwa influenced the imaginations and real struggles of black people for freedom in a multitude of complex, often contradictory ways. However, while it punctured white supermacist narratives at the global stage, internally, in an age that marked the rise of the modern state form—with its fixed territorial borders— the memory of Adwa served as a foundational moment in the formation of modern Ethiopian nationalism. It also buttressed the making of a homogenizing and assimilationist tendency of Ethiopian nationalism in the 20th century and fed into its imperial project. Internationally, Haile Selassie, at the helm of the Ethiopian imperial project in the mid-twentieth century, was taken up as a symbol of Black freedom whilst he presided over an exploitative and oppressive empire at home. With some of the questions raised by current movements for decolonisation, we ask what is different about this contemporary moment when we think about Adwa in relation to international Black movements and struggles for freedom?; how do we remember it from today in relation to Ethiopia’s nationalisms (pan Ethiopian and particular ones)?; how do we memorialize it in thinking about freedom in a country with a dominant imperial nationalist ethos?
Incidence and risk factors associated with surgical site infection following cesarian section at Kibungo Referral Hospital, Rwanda – A prospective cohort study
Authors: Akimana D. , Mpirimbanyi C. , Ituze O. , Uwera F.F. , Rutayisire E.
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Cesarian section (CS) is lifesaving both for the mother and the baby. Worldwide, there has been an increase in the incidence of CS. However, complications may arise postoperatively for both mother and newborn. Our aim was to determine the incidence rate of post-CS surgical site infection (SSI), identify factors associated with SSI, and identify the most frequent microorganisms associated with the presence of post-CS SSI.Methods: This is a prospective cohort study conducted at KRH, including all CS, performed from February to April 2020. Patient’s demographics, operative management, and outcomes were analyzed. Results: A total of 201 patients aged between 15 to 47 years were operated on and 3.48% developed SSI. 90% were from Ngoma district, 47% had secondary education followed by 36% with primary education. The majority (97%) had no comorbidities. Povidone and chlorhexidine combined was the most commonly used disinfectant. 53% were emergencies and 92% of CS were performed by general practitioners. The average duration of operation was between 30 to 45minutes. Showering prior to operation (RR=0.39) at 95% CI [0.005-0.29], not shaving 30 minutes prior to incision (RR: 25.5) at 95% CI [3.5-18.7] and use of both povidone and chlorhexidine for skin preparation (RR= 0.15) at 95% CI [0.1-1.6] are associated with reduced risk of developing SSI. Obstructed labor/dystocia ((RR=4.55) at 95%, CI [1.6-45.4]) increases the infection risk. Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequently isolated microorganism in post-CS SSI patients.Conclusion: Active hospital infection services and adherence to evidence-based guidelines for SSI prevention measures would reduce the post-CS SSI incidence rate and improve patient care.
Legal Effects of Unenforceability or Invalidity of an Agreement for a Denominated in or Indexed to a Foreign Currency Mortgage Loan in The Light of Judicial Decisions
Authors: Mroczkowski Rafał
Published: March 2022

An introduction of mortgage currency loans to the banks offers, particularly the indexed to a foreign currency and denominated in a foreign currency loans, based on agreements containing abusive clauses which lead, in the consumer/borrower's individual relations, to the violation of his legal and economic interest and on the financial system level to the creation the risk of its instability (systemic risk).
In many European countries, in Hungary for instance, the problem was solved ex post on the statutory level by the legislator’s interference. In others, for example in Romania, such statutory solutions were contested by the constitutional courts. In the remaining ones, such as Poland, Spain or Austria, the problem was left to be solved within the individual cases by the civil or arbitration courts. The latter solution requires however the development of lines of jurisprudence solving the contentious legal issues resulting from the complicated legal relations that occurred between the banks and the consumers/borrowers. Given the above, the author undertook to analyse the judicial decisions of the European Court of Justice, Polish common courts and the Supreme Court in order to indicate these nodal issues which often evoke the discrepancies in jurisprudence, as well as to present the possible solutions. The importance of the issue is crucial not only to the economic condition of the households and financial results of particular banks, but also to the stability of the whole financial sector.
The implementation of the research goal adopted in this article requires the application of legal research methods, such as in particular the general theoretical method and the formal-dogmatic method.
Beneficial Owner Central Registry as a Tool to Fight Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing
Authors: Daudrikh Yana
Published: March 2022

This article deals with the effect of the central registry of beneficial owners in terms of money laundering and terrorist financing. The main purpose of the article is to provide a comprehensive overview of the functioning of central registries of beneficial owners both at the national and European levels. The author focuses mainly on the issue of the European Central Platform as well as on the Centralized Registry of Bank Accounts. This article aims to confirm or refute the hypothesis that the current legislation is insufficient and that the established legal framework has certain gaps that may affect the original intent and goals of the central registry of beneficial owners. Within the application issues, we also deal in more detail with the question of whether the central registry of beneficial owners can be seen as reliable and whether it contains up-to-date information.
How to Reduce State Expenditures with Single Resolution Mechanism
Authors: Janovec Michal
Published: March 2022

State aid is one of the wrong ways how to help any private entity when there is no other option, but in certain cases it is necessary from the larger point of view to do so. At least we were used to it especially in cases of big financial (or another) institutions, which are too big to fail, and it might be reasonable to “save” these entities to prevent bigger economic and social loss. For example, when bank fails, then many creditors lose their savings (although there is the deposit guarantee schemes), so they might stop using banking system, many people would lose their jobs (extra social expenses for state). This will all lead to reduce investing money for investors or consumers and that’s basically wrong for economy itself. On the other hand, state aid is highly negative for competition, because all those private entities without any need for state aid are disadvantaged. And finally, its taxpayer’s money, used for state aid and its big state expenditure for any country. The only way how to maintain good and healthy economic system without state aid is prevention. One of the preventions is Single resolution mechanism.
Mirror symmetry for Nahm branes
Authors: Franco Emilio , Jardim Marcos
Published: March 2022

The Dirac--Higgs bundle is a hyperholomorphic bundle over the moduli space of stable Higgs bundles of coprime rank and degree. We provide an algebraic generalization to the case of trivial degree and the rank higher than $1$. This allow us to generalize to this case the Nahm transform defined by Frejlich and the second named author, which, out of a stable Higgs bundle, produces a vector bundle with connection over the moduli space of rank 1 Higgs bundles. By performing the higher rank Nahm transform we obtain a hyperholomorphic bundle with connection over the moduli space of stable Higgs bundles of rank $n$ and degree 0, twisted by the gerbe of liftings of the projective universal bundle. Such hyperholomorphic vector bundles over the moduli space of stable Higgs bundles can be seen, in the physicist's language, as BBB-branes twisted by the above mentioned gerbe. We refer to these objects as Nahm branes. Finally, we study the behaviour of Nahm branes under Fourier--Mukai transform over the smooth locus of the Hitchin fibration, checking that the resulting objects are supported on a Lagrangian multisection of the Hitchin fibration, so they describe partial data of BAA-branes.

Comment: 29 pages. Final version
Indicaciones de manejo quirúrgico en pacientes con Linfoma No Hodgkin primario de colon. Reporte de dos casos y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Figueroa Bohórquez David Mauricio
Published: March 2022

Introducción: el linfoma primario de colon corresponde a menos del 1% de todas las neoplasias colorectales, siendo el colon derecho el segmento más frecuentemente afectado. La variante B difusa de células grandes es el tipo histológico más frecuente.

Objetivo: Describir los casos de dos pacientes con linfoma primario de colon, así como hacer una revisión de la bibliografía disponible, haciendo énfasis en el abordaje diagnóstico y en las indicaciones de manejo quirúrgico de los linfomas primarios de colon.

Pacientes y métodos: se presentan los casos de dos pacientes de 38 y 62 años con linfoma primario de colon. Uno de ellos requirió manejo quirúrgico de urgencia, mientras que el otro presentó manifestaciones clínicas durante varias semanas, lo que permitió un seguimiento por la consulta externa. Ambos pacientes fueron manejados con resección quirúrgica y quimioterapia postoperatoria.

Resultados: el 70% de los linfomas primarios de colon se presentan en el colon derecho. Su presentación en colon descendente y recto se asocia con un peor pronóstico. La inmunosupresión y la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal se consideran los factores de riesgo más importantes en el desarrollo de linfomas primarios de colon. Los síntomas más frecuentes de presentación son dolor, masa abdominal, pérdida de peso y sangrado digestivo. El abordaje terapéutico que ha demostrado mejores resultados es la combinación entre resección quirúrgica y quimioterapia postoperatoria, en aquellos pacientes que se consideren con lesiones resecables.

Conclusiones: el linfoma primario de colon es una entidad poco frecuente y que requiere un abordaje multidisciplinario. En pacientes que no debutan con urgencia quirúrgica, la tomografía abdominal y el PET-CT, brindan información valiosa para definir la viabilidad y la extensión del manejo, que se recomienda debe ser complementado con quimioterapia postoperatoria.
A Randomized Clinical Trial on the Efficacy of Siravedhana and Kumkumadi Ghrita Nasya along with Chandrakanta Rasa Orally in Ardhavabhedaka w. s. r. to Migraine
Authors: Nayak Ajay Kumar , Fiaz Shamsa
Published: March 2022

Background: Migraine is a form of primary headache, manifested by the recurrent attacks of pulsating headache, mostly associated with nausea, vomiting, photophobia and phonophobia with or without an aura. It is the second most common cause of headache disorder affecting about 12%. In this females are most prone 15% and males are affecting about 6%. On the basis of the symptoms of Ardhavabhedaka, it can be correlated with Migraine. Aim and objectives: To conduct a randomized clinical trial on Kumkumadi Ghrita Nasya and Siravedhana along with Chandrakanta Rasa in the management of Ardhavbhedaka w.s.r. to Migraine. Material and method: Patients attending the O.P.D. and I.P.D. of N.I.A. having the signs and symptoms of Ardhavbhedaka (Migraine) were screened and the diagnosis was achieved on the basis of careful history taking and clinical examination. 30 clinically diagnosed patients of Ardhavbhedaka were registered for trial and they were divided randomly in two groups. Result: Clinical data shows that in Group A effect of therapy on Ardhavbhedhaka is 74.91% and in Group B it is 63.93%; both the results are statistically highly significant at the level of p < 0.001. Conclusion: It can be concluded that clinically Siravedha, Kumkumadi Ghrita Nasya and Chandrakanta Rasa combine work better to manage the Ardhavabhedaka (Migraine)
KAJIAN FILSAFAT HUKUM TENTANG PEMBENTUKAN PERATURAN DAERAH
Authors: Sedubun Victor Juzuf
Published: March 2022

Establishment of regulations in the area causing problems when the rule is applied. Some parties feel that the rules are there to organize and manage the region carried out only for the interests of certain groups. The fact that there are not any products that regulation can work well because the cause of conflict in society. Resulting in the cancellation of a regional regulation.
PENGAKUAN TANDATANGAN PADA DOKUMEN ELEKTRONIK DALAM PEMBUKTIAN HUKUM ACARA PERDATA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Letsoin Fransiscus Xaverius Vincent Roger
Published: March 2022

The use of an electronic signature on an electronic document may guarantee he security of an electronic information message, using public network, because the electronic is created based on the asymmetric cryptography technology. From the research, there are some opinion disagreements concerning the authentication power of electronic documents signed with electronic signatures, used as prof in the court. The government should immediately legalized the Government Ordinance concerning Electronic Signature and Government Ordinance concerning Electronic Signature and Government Ordinance concerning Electronic Certification, there will be a through legal regulation of the Act Number 11 Year 2008.
Road traffic accident trauma: A model for road safety management utilizing the artificial intelligence with geo-mapping and geospatial data in Pakistan
Authors: Syed Muhammad Hammad Ali  , Naayl Aasim  , Asim Malik
Published: March 2022

Trauma from road traffic accidents (RTA) is the leading cause of mortality among children and adults up to the age of thirty. Currently, almost one and a half million annual deaths are attributed to RTA trauma with over 90% of the deaths being reported from low- and middle-income countries.1 In Pakistan, almost 26,000 casualties from 50,283 RTAs have been registered in the past five years, however a much larger number was reported by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2016, which estimated 14.3 annual deaths per 100,000 population.2,3 Seemingly, a higher number of mortality from RTAs in the developing countries can be attributed to factors such as lack of adherence towards traffic rules, violation of speed limits, vehicular overloading, low-quality vehicles with less safety features, increased traffic density due to abundance of motorcycles, and inadequate post-accident trauma care. In addition to this, faulty road infrastructure and poor road designs including the malfunctioning signals, crossings, turns, intersections and curves are a frequent cause of recurring RTA mishaps at particular locations. Therefore, road safety management is becoming a global concern with the ever-growing population, increasing number of motor vehicles and vulnerable road users. The WHO’s estimated cost of RTAs in low- and middle-income countries is around 3% of the gross domestic product which is alarming for the authorities.1 Also, the burden of RTA trauma on the healthcare system of Pakistan is enormous, which is struggling with myriad of issues.

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Deprivation of Liberty in the Shadows of the Institution
Authors: Series Lucy
Published: March 2022

ePDF and ePUB available Open Access under CC-BY-NC licence. During the 20th century the locus of care shifted from large institutions into the community. However, this shift was not always accompanied by liberation from restrictive practices. In 2014 a UK Supreme Court ruling on the meaning of ‘deprivation of liberty’ resulted in large numbers of older and disabled people in care homes, supported living and family homes being re-categorized as ‘detained’. Placing this ruling in its social, historical and global context, this book presents a socio-legal analysis of social care detention in the post-carceral era. Drawing from disability rights law and the meanings of ‘home’ and ‘institution’ it proposes solutions to the Cheshire West ruling’s paradoxical implications.
The use of innovative learning methods in high educational establishments as a stage of implementation of improving the quality of the educational process
Authors: Khakimova Leyla , Lapasova Mukhtaram , Lapasova Zebiniso
Published: March 2022

The relevance of the problem of introducing innovative methods in the learning process of university students is a priority topic in the education system. At present, there is an intensive search for new forms and methods of teaching, which allows us to talk about the transition from the directive model of learning to an interactive, more productive and personality-oriented learner. The main purpose of using modern innovative technologies in the education system is to form a versatile personality capable of realizing creative potential in dynamic socio-economic conditions, both in their own life interests and in the interests of society. The use of information technology leads on the one hand to the creative and intellectual development of the student and, on the other hand, does not leave the teacher out, assuming the influence of his or her personality on the learning process, i.e. having a high level of socio-psychological competence.
Арт педагогикаси воситасида мактабгача таълим ташкилоти болалари ижодкорлигини ривожлантириш
Authors: Мирзаева Дилфуза
Published: March 2022

Аннотация
Ушбу мақолада  болаларни илк ёшданоқ ижодий қобилиятларини ривожлантириш мактабгача таълим сифатини оширишнинг замонавий ёндашувларидан бири сифатида қайд этилган. Арт педагогикаси воситасида мактабгача таълим ташкилоти болалари ижодкорлигини ривожлантириш педагогик муаммо сифатида тавсифланиб,  ижодий қобилиятларни ривожлантиришда замонавий педагогик технологияларнинг ўрни очиб берилган. 
Бунда  интеллектуал зўриқишлардан холи равишда, ижтимоий-маданий муҳитда болаларнинг ижодий қобилиятларини ривожлантириш, улардаги ижодий фаоллик ва ташаббускорлик кўникмаларини такомиллаштиришнинг самарали технологияларини амалиётга жорий этиш долзарб вазифа сифатида белгилаб берилган. Арт педагогика бадиий ва эстетик, инсонпарварлик, билим, ахлоқий қадриятларни ўз ичига олади ва шахснинг ахлоқий ва маънавий шаклланишига таъсир қилади. Мақолада ривожланишида нуқсони бўлган болаларни даволаш ва тузатишда санъатдан фойдаланиш масалалари ҳам ёритилган.