bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perceived Health Needs of Church Leaders and Members: A Secondary Data Analysis of the Mid-South Congregational Health Survey
Authors: West Nathan T. , Pichon Latrice C. , Ward Kenneth D. , Rose N. San Diego Emily , Ray Meredith , Rugless Fedoria , Powell Terrinieka W. , Campbell Bettina , Lewis Jonathan C. , McCann Lauren , McNeal Sterling , Harmon Brook E.
Published: March 2023

Needs assessments have been successful in helping communities and congregations focus their health ministry efforts; however, most have used leader perceptions of congregational health needs. The purpose of this study was to examine and compare the self-reported needs of both church leaders and members to be addressed by their congregation. Church leaders ( n = 369) and members ( n = 459) from 92 congregations completed the 2019 Mid-South Congregational Health Survey. Frequencies and generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) were performed to examine the top 10 self-reported needs and associations by church role, respectively. Of the top 10 congregational needs, anxiety or depression, high blood pressure, stress, and healthy foods were ranked identically regardless of church role. Church leaders perceived obesity and diabetes to be important congregational health needs, whereas members perceived affordable health care and heart disease to be important congregational health needs. GLMM, controlling for within-church clustering and covariates, revealed church leaders were more likely than members to report obesity (odds ratio [ OR]: 1.93, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.39, 2.67], p < .0001) and diabetes ( OR: 1.73, 95% CI = [1.24, 2.41], p = .001) as congregational needs. Findings display similarities and differences in needs reported by church role. Including many perspectives when conducting congregational health needs assessments will assist the development of effective faith-based health promotion programs.
Mechanical characteristics of a tunnel boring machine cutterhead during rock breaking: Physical model tests and transient dynamic analysis
Authors: Yang Zhenxing , Wang Luqi , Zhou Jianjun , Li Dongdong , Zhang Kai , Guo Xinqiang
Published: March 2023

During tunnel excavation using a tunnel boring machine (TBM), the interaction between the cutter and the rock causes the cutterhead to generate abrupt vibrations, which could lead to engineering problems, such as bearing seal failure and even cutterhead cracking. In this study, large-scale physical model tests with various cutter spacings were performed to study the vibration and load characteristics of the cutterhead during the rock-breaking process. Through a TBM modal comprehensive test bench, the real-time acceleration of the cutterhead was obtained using a monitoring system. The test results showed that the complete time-domain curves were stepped and periodic. When the cutterhead was stuck or rock peeled off during the excavation, the monitoring curves showed abrupt vibrations, which were mainly concentrated at 0–3 Hz and were typical low-frequency vibrations. Taking measured data as the driving parameter, the real-time mechanical characteristics of the cutterhead were determined through transient dynamic analysis. Numerical simulation results showed that the vibration trend during excavation was the superposition of random vibrations generated by rock breaking and tunneling without rock cutting. During the tunneling process, the wear of the edge cutters should be highlighted in actual construction. The related methods and results can provide an essential reference for the selection of cutterheads.
A rare case of aortic arch variation complicated with multiple ruptured intracranial aneurysms
Authors: Liu Wei , Li Jialu , Zhou Baoyuan
Published: March 2023

Objectives

Previous reports on aortic arch variations have emphasized on its cardiovascular significance. We present a case of a rare variation of aortic arch complicated with multiple ruptured intracranial aneurysms.

Methods

This case report reviews the effects of the diameter of internal carotid artery of isolated origins on cerebral vessels.

Results

The brachiocephalic trunk, left external carotid artery, left internal carotid artery, left vertebral artery, and the left subclavian artery originating from the aortic arch complicated with multiple ruptured intracranial aneurysms have not been reported.

Conclusions

Variation of the aortic arch may affect carotid and cerebral vessel structures as well as blood flow and is a potential risk factor for stroke. Third aortic arch degeneration, or dorsal aorta non-degeneration, is a potential embryologic mechanism for the absence of the left common carotid artery.
Dynamic properties of successful plural leadership configuration: An exploratory process-study
Authors: Jäppinen Aini-Kristiina , Räikkönen Eija , Gélinas-Proulx Andréanne , Tolvanen Asko
Published: March 2023

Our article introduces an exploratory process study of successful plural leadership configuration in searching for alternative solutions to wicked problems. The study was executed within four educational organisations that solved challenging wicked problems arising from today’s changing contexts. We argue that plural leadership configuration is a dynamic process when people in diverse organisational positions, roles, and levels design profitable endeavours through their ideas and activities, bring about desirable outcomes within diverse conditions and outline the future. We searched for potential systemic patterns, characteristics, and structure within this dynamic process. To find these properties, we exploited the theoretical concept of an event that corresponds to organisational experiences in terms of people, ideas, activities, conditions, and outcomes. We presumed that the systemic properties could be found through events’ interaction that is proved to be dynamic. Consequently, we exploited dynamic system theories and studied chains of succeeding events and their agglomerations. As a result, we determined properties that were generalisable across the four organisations. The main results indicated that to find alternative solutions to wicked problems, a strong connection between activities and ideas was crucial. However, committed people were needed as moderators between them. Focusing only on conditions such as plans or new programmes, did not bring about successful solutions.
Stability and structure of lean swirling spray flames with various degrees of prevaporization
Authors: Wang Jiayi , de Oliveira Pedro M. , Pathania Rohit Singh , El Helou Ingrid , Mastorakos Epaminondas
Published: March 2023

Achieving full premixing and complete evaporation in lean prevaporized premixed combustors is challenging as it depends on the spray injector characteristics, prevaporisation strategy, and flow conditions. This article experimentally explores the stability and structure of a turbulent swirling n-heptane spray flame under various degrees of prevaporization. The results show that preheating the air to 343 K and 393 K has little effect on the lean blow-off velocity, while recessing the fuel injection significantly decreases the lean stability limit. To correlate these limits, various attempts to define a Damköhler number were made, but unlike previous studies with no prevaporisation, the difficulty in defining laminar flame speed in the present case does not allow a single correlation to work for all degrees of prevaporization. Four stable cases that differ in equivalence ratio, air preheat temperature, and fuel injection recess are investigated using one-dimensional PDA, OH* chemiluminescence and CH[Formula: see text]O-planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF). Cases without fuel injection recess or air preheat exhibit a conical-shaped heat release zone near the shear layers. Preheating the air to 393 K reduced the Sauter mean diameter, increased prevaporization, and enabled a second heat release zone downstream of the fuel injection. Recessing the fuel injection by 25 mm reduced droplet velocities and led to a semi-spherical instead of a conical heat release zone. The CH[Formula: see text]O-PLIF signal without injection recess was high along the central axis and its distribution resembled that observed for spray jet flames. In contrast, with recessed spray injection, CH[Formula: see text]O was mainly found outside the central recirculation zone and only appeared inside during lean blow-off; similar to previous work with premixed flames. These findings show that different methods of prevaporization, which only differ by subtle changes in droplet characteristics, strongly impact flame stability. The present data can be used for turbulent flame modelling focusing on sprays and finite-rate kinetics.
Why and when does shyness hinder people from seeking advice?
Authors: Liang Fenghua , Qian Cheng , Duan Jinyun
Published: March 2023

Although it hasn’t been thoroughly proven yet, shyness may prevent people from seeking advice. The current study, which is grounded on social cognitive theory, seeks to understand how and why shyness affects advice-seeking. We specifically contend that shy people lack the social self-efficacy necessary to commence advice-seeking. In addition, we propose that this link is moderated by social support. We discovered that shyness was adversely correlated with social self-efficacy using a three-wave study with 240 participants and that the latter mediates the indirect association between shyness and advice-seeking. The indirect association between shyness and advice-seeking via social self-efficacy was further modulated by social support, such that the indirect effect was only significant when social support was low. We go over the theoretical and practical ramifications of our findings as well as potential research avenues.
Evidence of method effects in the authoritarianism-conservatism-traditionalism scales
Authors: Ng Da Xuan , Chew Peter K. H. , Ramsay Jonathan Edward
Published: March 2023

Right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) is notoriously complex, multifaceted, and difficult to measure as a psychological construct. Recently, Duckitt et al. developed the ACT scales, offering theoretical refinement of the RWA construct. Although the validity of the ACT scales had been supported by a considerable body of research, shortcomings in previous analyses cannot rule out the existence of possible method effects. In the present research, we sought to test for the presence of such effects in a representative community sample of adults in Singapore (N = 738). We re-evaluated the factor structure of the ACT scales by assessing four separate models using an item-based approach in our confirmatory factor analyses. Results found significant method effects associated with both the pro-trait and con-trait items in the ACT scales. The implications of these results and possible strategies for controlling method effects in the ACT scales are discussed.
KEYNOTE—522 and male spindle cell carcinoma of the breast: A case report
Authors: Niver Harper E , Foxhall Edward , Lahiry Anup
Published: March 2023

Metaplastic Breast Cancer (MBC) is a rare group of tumors often presenting as triple-negative. MBC accounts for less than 1% of all breast cancers with the spindle cell variant comprising less than 0.5%. While rare, spindle cell carcinoma is the commonest subtype in the western world. It has a more aggressive biological behavior with increased risk of recurrence and death due to disease compared to triple negative breast cancers. There is no treatment guideline for management of MBC due to the rarity of the disease. Instead, treatment is theorized based off success with other types of aggressive breast and metaplastic cancers of different tissue. We present the first known case report of male spindle cell carcinoma of the breast treated with KEYNOTE-522 regimen. Therapy included a first phase with pembrolizumab (dose of 200 mg) every 3 weeks plus paclitaxel and carboplatin and second phase, with four cycles of pembrolizumab with doxorubicin-cyclophosphamide.
Challenges in the treatment of melanoma with BRAF and MEK inhibitors in patients with sickle cell disease: case report and review of the literature
Authors: Diamantopoulos Panagiotis T , Anastasopoulou Amalia , Dimopoulou Maria , Samarkos Michalis , Gogas Helen
Published: March 2023

Patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) suffer from complications due to anemia, inflammation, and vaso-occlusion. Factors that trigger sickling and/or inflammation may initiate such complications, while treatment with hydroxyurea (HU) reduces their emergence and prolongs survival. On the contrary, inhibition of the BRAF-MEK-ERK pathway with BRAF and MEK inhibitors (BRAF/MEKi) has revolutionized treatment of melanoma but their use has been correlated with inflammatory adverse events. Thus, treatment of patients with SCD with BRAF/MEKi may be quite challenging and pyrexia in those patients should be managed as a medical emergency. In this article, intrigued by the case of a 36-year-old female patient with S/β-thal under HU who was treated with dabrafenib and trametinib for melanoma, we analyze the mechanisms underlying inflammation and vaso-occlusion in SCD, the mechanisms of pyrexia and inflammation induced by BRAF/MEKi, their potential interconnections, the shared role of the inflammasome in these two entities, and the protective effect of HU in SCD. Since SCD is the most common inheritable blood disorder, the administration of BRAF/MEKi for melanoma in patients with SCD may be a rather common challenge. Thus, proper treatment with HU may pave the way for an uneventful management of such patients.
Chari: A FMCG B2B platform with incorporation of Fintech
Authors: Ahmed Jashim Uddin , Ahmed Asma , Mazid Tabassum Sufia , Gani Mohammad Osman
Published: March 2023

Morocco is an African country containing a very large market for e-commerce, which further expanded during the 2020–2022 COVID-19 pandemic. However, a few obstacles, like low internet penetration and lack of digital payment systems, are acting as obstacles for the local e-commerce service providers to reach potential in the country. Chari is one such B2B company whose operations changed the landscape of logistics and distribution among the FMCG businesses in Morocco. The company also exercises a B2B2C model, which it achieved through acquiring Karny.ma and Axa Credit, enabling its customers to use a lending and financial transaction tracking model. However, the industry is quite competitive, with offline retailers like TradeDepot, WaystoCap (acquired by MaxAB), and Sokowatch deciding to exploit the possibilities online. Apart from the rising competition, Chari still faces challenges in additional expansion due to the improper and inadequate infrastructure of the country. However, if it can overcome the external threats and utilize the geographical location of Morocco to its advantage, Chari has enormous potential to flourish both locally and globally.
Virtual state, where are you? A literature review, framework and agenda for failed digital transformation
Authors: Kempeneer Shirley , Heylen Frederik
Published: March 2023

The users, sensors and networks of the Internet of Things generate huge amounts of data. Given the sophisticated (artificially intelligent) algorithms, computing power and software available, we would expect governments to have successfully completed their digital transformation into Jane Fountain's (2001) ‘Virtual State’. In practice, despite heavy investments, governments often fail to enact new digital technologies in an efficient, appropriate or fair way. This article provides an overview of techno-rational and socio-political failures and solutions at the macro-, meso- and micro-level to support digital transformation. The reviewed articles suggest a modest approach to digital transformation, with an emphasis on high-quality in-house IT infrastructure and expertise, but also better collaborative networks and strong leadership ensuring human oversight.
A methodology for using a multilevel perspective framework to analyze complex systems
Authors: Deviney Alison V , Classen John J , Bruce Jacklyn A
Published: March 2023

Misalignment between the different levels of complex societal systems (e.g. socio-technical, socio-ecological) are often a barrier to transitioning these systems toward more sustainable behavior. One way to understand alignment is through the Multilevel Perspective Theory of sustainable transitions in sociotechnical systems (MLP) which posits that when a regime (the current “ways of doing” something) exhibits behavior that negatively impacts its surrounding economic, social and environmental landscape, that landscape will exert pressure on the regime to change. This in turn opens the window of opportunity for niche developments such as novel technology adoption or policy changes. Therefore, understanding the relationships between the landscape, the regime and emerging niches can help align these different levels of perspective to facilitate a successful transition toward more sustainable practices. This paper describes a methodology for mapping complex systems such as agricultural systems based on MLP theory, and incorporates a fourth “user” level (e.g. the farm) into this multilevel framework (MLP+ F). The methodology is illustrated with a case study example of North Carolina’s lagoon and sprayfield swine waste management regime. By integrating well-established techniques for data collection and analysis, the case study engages a diverse panel of local experts through a modified Delphi approach to identify the relevant concepts and their cause-effect relationships for the current regime. These concepts and relationships are then categorized and organized into a multilevel, multi-perspective conceptual model using fuzzy cognitive maps. The conceptual model identifies how stakeholder groups align in their perception of the system, and provides a foundation for future qualitative, semi-quantitative, and visual analyses of the system and how it can be changed through alternative scenarios. Although this methodology was initially developed for agricultural applications, it has potential for application to other complex societal issues where understanding stakeholder alignment and the potential for sustainability transitions through change are needed.
False Aneurysm of the Proximal Sano Shunt in a Patient With Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome After Bidirectional Superior Cavopulmonary Connection
Authors: Grishin S A , Svechkov MD , Shorokhov S E , Avramenko A A
Published: March 2023

The case describes the surgical treatment of a patient with a false aneurysm of the proximal anastomosis of the Sano shunt in a patient with hypoplastic left heart syndrome midterm after bidirectional cavo-pulmonary anastomosis. The diagnostic algorithm included a physical examination, echocardiography, and multispiral computed tomography. Surgical treatment included closure of the right ventricular defect and removal of blood clots from the cavity of the false aneurysm.
Surgical Repair of a Rare Variant of Common Arterial Trunk, With Considerations of its Significance for Morphogenesis
Authors: Sekelyk Roman I , Yusifli Ibrahim B , Kozhokar Dmytro M , Safonov Vsevolod V , Anderson Robert H , Yemets Illya M
Published: March 2023

We present a successful surgical repair of a rare variant of the common arterial trunk with unusual arrangement of the pulmonary arteries. The variant was not readily classified using either of the popular classifications for the common arterial trunk. It is appropriately described as a common arterial trunk showing aortic dominance, but with extrapericardial origin of the pulmonary arteries from the underside of the truncal arch. We also provide an account of cardiac development, which we suggest offers an accurate explanation for its morphogenesis.
Youth Participatory Action Research as School Counseling Praxis: A Scoping Review
Authors: Levy Ian P. , Edirmanasinghe Natalie , Ieva Kara , Hilliard Chelsea
Published: March 2023

In a systematic scoping review, we analyzed empirical and conceptual writings on youth participatory action research (YPAR) in schools. YPAR has emerged as an empowering and youth-centered approach to group work whereby school counselors and students collaborate on researching, creating, and sharing projects about social ills impacting their lives. Reviewing YPAR literature, this article identifies knowledge gaps regarding the use and benefits of YPAR in school counseling practice.
How the Culture in School Counseling Programs Shapes College-Going Outcomes: Do the Effects Vary by Race?
Authors: Bryan Julia , Kim Jungnam , Liu Chang
Published: March 2023

This study examined how the culture in school counseling programs or departments shapes the college-related outcomes of high school students including students of color. With data from the High School Longitudinal Study 2009, we investigated two major steps in the college-going process: (a) whether students see the counselor for financial aid counseling and (b) whether they seek college admissions counseling in 12th grade. We discuss the literature on the role of school counselors in college access, especially support for students of color, and how school counseling contextual variables and school counselor mindsets, which we term school counseling college-going culture (SCCGC), affect students’ college-going decisions. We conducted logistic regression analyses by racial/ethnic groups among 9170 high school students from the High School Longitudinal Study 2009–2016 dataset. The results indicated that counselor expectations, priorities, student–counselor contact prior to 12th grade, college and career readiness activities, and constraints affect students’ college outcomes differently across racial and ethnic backgrounds. This study has implications regarding what interventions, mindsets, and practices school counselors need in order to improve college-going outcomes (e.g., student–counselor contact for college admissions and financial aid counseling) for students from diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds.
Reclaiming the System: Group Counseling Landscape in Schools
Authors: Beasley Jordon J. , Ieva Kara P. , Steen Sam
Published: March 2023

Postpandemic culture has provided educators the opportunity to rebuild and reclaim the education system from its very foundation. Pioneering researchers in school counseling have begun reexamining what antiracist school counseling programs look like and providing school counselors practical recommendations for addressing racism and dismantling racist policies and procedures in their schools. This article disseminates findings from a quantitative research study that examined how school counselors are currently utilizing the lens of power, privilege, and intersectionality in their implementation of small groups in their schools. The results indicated that about half (52%) of participants are implementing small-group counseling through this lens while the other half are not. Further results showed that, demographically, school counselors who identified as Black or African American are more likely to do this critical work. We discuss implications for practitioners as they explore their own racial identity and battle racial inequities in schools.
Do Social Network Relationships and Overseas Market Orientation Affect SMEs’ International Performance? A Dynamic Internationalization Capability Perspective
Authors: Peng Michael Yao-Ping , Chang Yong-Sheng
Published: March 2023

Dynamic internationalization capability plays a significant role in the performance of Taiwanese small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the process of internationalization. According to the concept of dynamic capability, businesses need to develop and maintain capabilities by obtaining valuable knowledge from different sources, such as market environments and social networks. However, previous studies have tended to only discuss the development of dynamic internationalization capabilities from a single perspective and have failed to explore more comprehensive knowledge sources. This study investigates whether social network relationships and overseas market orientation (OMO) improve dynamic internationalization capabilities. Participants were collected from internationalized SMEs in Taiwan via purposive sampling, yielding 211 valid samples. Results show that trust and commitment have a positive impact on international exploration capabilities, OMO has a positive impact on both international exploration and international exploitation capabilities, and international exploration has a positive impact on international performance. According to the findings, this study has several managerial and theoretical implications. In addition, it shows that the classification of SMEs’ capabilities enables them to focus on resources, thus contributing to resource concentration and the reduction of unnecessary waste.
Digital Learning Ecosystem for Classroom Teaching in Thailand High Schools
Authors: Nguyen Lan Thi , Kanjug Issara , Lowatcharin Grichawat , Manakul Theeradej , Poonpon Kornwipa , Sarakorn Weerachai , Somabut Anucha , Srisawasdi Niwat , Traiyarach Saksuriya , Tuamsuk Kulthida
Published: March 2023

Digital learning ecosystem plays important roles for transforming teaching classroom into learning community. This article used a mixed method to (1) explore the teaching and learning activities and components of a digital learning ecosystem through eighteen in-depth interviews and six observation classroom teachings of three subjects (English, Mathematics, and Science), and (2) measure the factors influencing the success of the ecosystem from a survey of 350 teachers at high schools in Thailand under the KKU Smart Learning Project. The quantitative data is analyzed by using descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis; meanwhile, researchers used manually coding method for qualitative data to categorize data into themes and sub-themes. The findings revealed an ecosystem includes four core components: learning community, learning atmosphere, active learning, and teaching and learning support. However, it is important for junior high schools to clarify and improve seven factors affecting the development of this ecosystem to boost classroom transformation into learning community. This study is useful for policy makers, educators, and teachers to issue educational policies and objectives, invest infrastructure, design curriculum, and organize teaching activities to enhance the effectiveness of learning outcomes.
The Role of Sense of Coherence During the COVID-19 Crisis: Does it Exercise a Moderating or a Mediating Effect on University Students’ Wellbeing?
Authors: Kulcar Vanessa , Kreh Alexander , Juen Barbara , Siller Heidi
Published: March 2023

The COVID-19 crisis caused extensive mental health strains. Sense of coherence (SOC) is considered a protective factor for mental health in crisis that might also be decisive during the COVID-19 pandemic, but the mechanisms are not yet well understood. Using longitudinal survey data of 117 Austrian university students collected in 2020, we tested both moderating and mediating effects of SOC for the association of different stressors with later wellbeing. SOC did not buffer but mediated the effects of stressors on wellbeing. Students especially suffered from reduced feelings of manageability when confronted with financial strains, dissatisfying study situations, or disrupted plans. Supporting them in managing the difficulties of the crisis should therefore be considered a crucial part of psychosocial support.
Can a National Health Insurance Policy Increase Modern Contraceptive Use? A Cross-Sectional Study of the Indonesian Government Performance and Accountability Survey (GPAS) 2019
Authors: Sujarwoto Sujarwoto , Ekoriano Mario , Purwoko Edy , Titisari Anastasia Septya , Rahmadhony Aditya , Sari Diah Puspita
Published: March 2023

Universal health insurance is widely believed to be a key strategy for improving health services. However, few studies have examined whether it increases the use of modern contraceptives. The purpose of the present research is to determine whether the policy of incorporating family planning services into the national health insurance policy in Indonesia ( Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional [JKN], implemented in 2016) has led to an increase in the use of modern contraceptives. The data were obtained from the 2019 Government Performance and Accountability Survey (GPAS; Total = 46,220 married women aged 15–49 years). The findings show that women who are covered by the health insurance scheme for non-poor families (JKN non-PBI) are 19.12 times more likely to use modern contraceptives than women who are uninsured. Women who are covered by health insurance scheme for poor families (JKN PBI) are 17.04 times more likely to use modern contraceptives than those who are uninsured. These results are robust against predisposing, enabling and need factors associated with modern contraceptive uptake (i.e., education, family economic status, religion, knowledge of modern contraception, age at time of first marriage, perception of the ideal number of children, number of children born alive, and area of residence). The findings suggest that the government should expand health insurance benefits in order to increase the uptake of modern contraceptives, particularly among disadvantaged group within communities.
Effects of Gamification in a Teacher Education Program, 2010 to 2020
Authors: Svanberg Mikael , Bergh Daniel
Published: March 2023

The use of game elements as a means to stimulate students’ motivation has increased in a number of disciplines across the world after 2010, but apart from a few exceptional cases, it has not been possible to show a significant effect on academic achievement. In this study, the effects of game elements on academic achievement have been investigated among 458 students in a teacher education program, distributed across 10 course instances over 11 years (2010–2020). Statistical analyses indicated that a game element consisting of a number of hand-in assignments contributed significantly to the total points of the final written exam. Although a comparison with the students’ results in the two previous modules showed that two thirds of the positive effect could be explained by selection, the remaining one third of the positive effect could still be explained in terms of the game elements significantly improving the achievements on the final written exam.
Waking Up to the Importance of Sleep: Opportunities for Policy Makers
Authors: Prather Aric A.
Published: March 2023

Insufficient sleep is associated with an increased risk for a range of negative physical and mental health outcomes. Causes of insufficient sleep involve many factors, and the consequences are not evenly distributed across populations. Indeed, stark sleep disparities disadvantage racial and ethnic minorities and those low in socioeconomic status, who are more readily affected by poor sleep than their White and high socioeconomic status comparators. Sleep is situated in the context of a socioecological model that recognizes societal, community, and individual factors that shape poor sleep and drive sleep-related outcomes. Policy opportunities address each level of the presented model and addressing these barriers should promote better sleep for those affected and potentially reduce sleep disparities.
Child Communication Research and Practice: Collaborative Roles for Behavior Analysts and Speech-Language Pathologists
Authors: Lane Justin D. , Brown Jennifer A.
Published: March 2023

Young children's social communication is key to their development and well-being. Naturalistic interventions can promote social communication in young children. Anyone concerned about children's social communication—families, professionals, planning teams, referral sources, funders, and policymakers—should understand the complementary roles of behavior analysts (BCBAs) and speech-language pathologists (SLPs), who both utilize naturalistic interventions. Resistance to collaboration may be rooted in broader conversations about differing theories of language development. BCBAs and SLPs likely have similar overarching goals and expectations, but collaboration has been unfortunately rare, due to field-specific training and recommendations. BCBAs and SLPs who adopt a unified theory of practice will place children, families, and educators at the center of all decisions. An interdisciplinary model rooted in research about naturalistic interventions, collaboration, and equitable practices that incorporates feedback from providers and researchers in each field, could address challenges. This model highlights (a) understanding key tenets from each respective field, (b) developing interdisciplinary teams, (c) measuring and evaluating collaborative planning, and (d) promoting mutual respect and equity. Children benefit when professionals collaborate.
Connecting Research, Policy, and Practice in Colleges and Universities: An Internal Researcher/Practitioner Model
Authors: Robertson Douglas L. , Pelaez Martha
Published: March 2023

Behavior analysis often operates at the level of individual behavior depending on reinforcement contingencies. Here, a behavior analytic perspective addresses the challenge of connecting research to organizations’ policy and practice in order to improve performance regarding the organizations’ strategic objectives. In colleges and universities, three potentially overlapping approaches are plausible: (a) applying published scholarly research literature, (b) contracting external vendors of predictive analytics, and (c) integrating internal researchers/practitioners. This article discusses a model that emphasizes the third approach—internal researcher/practitioners—and that focuses on fundamental concepts related to contingencies (consequences) and rule-governed behavior. The model's use is illustrated in a case study: Florida International University, a large, public, metropolitan, Research I university, located in Miami, Florida. The application of the model appears to relate to significant and rapid improvement in the university's targeted performance metrics (e.g., student success as measured by variables such as students’ retention and on-time graduation).
Recommendations for the Use of Behavioral Economic Demand as an Abuse Liability Assessment for Drug Scheduling
Authors: Koffarnus Mikhail N.
Published: March 2023

Before being marketed in the United States, novel drugs must undergo evaluation for abuse liability. Drugs with higher abuse liability are assigned a schedule associated with stricter regulatory controls. Behavioral economic demand techniques hold great potential for use as an abuse liability assessment in the scheduling of novel drugs. Advantages of demand analyses include (1) quantitative abuse liability results that allow for relative comparisons and ranking among drugs by abuse liability, (2) the ability to collect analogous measures of abuse liability in both preclinical and human clinical models, and (3) minimal extra work to add demand analyses to those analyses that are already recommended in Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidance. Challenges primarily arise with the standardization of experimental protocols for such assessments, but these challenges may be resolvable with directed work to compare different methodological techniques. If successful, incorporation of these methods could help avoid scheduling errors that are costly to society.
Young Adult Mental Health Beyond the COVID-19 Era: Can Enlightened Policy Promote Long-Term Change?
Authors: Gruber June , Hinshaw Stephen P. , Clark Lee Anna , Rottenberg Jonathan , Prinstein Mitchell J.
Published: March 2023

The status of mental health for adolescents and young adults has aptly been termed a “crisis” across research, clinical, and policy quarters. Arguably, the status quo provision of mental health services for adolescents and young adults is neither acceptable nor salvageable in its current form. Instead, only a wholesale policy transformation of mental health sciences can address crises of this scope. Pandemic-related impacts on mental health, particularly among young adults, have clearly exposed the need for the mental healthcare field to develop a set of transformative priorities to achieve long overdue, systemic changes: (1) frequent mental health tracking, (2) increased access to mental health care, (3) working with and within communities, (4) collaboration across disciplines and stakeholders, (5) prevention-focused emphasis, (6) use of dimensional descriptions over categorical pronouncements, and (7) addressing systemic inequities. The pandemic required changes in mental healthcare that can and should be the beginning of long-needed reform, calling upon all mental health care disciplines to embrace innovation and relinquish outdated traditions.
Resistant recycling and recycling (r-)existences: self-organizing collective subjectivations of waste pickers in Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
Authors: Carbonai Davide , Checchi Marco , Junior Luiz Lentz
Published: March 2023

Recycling consists of a variety of everyday practices that involve a complex urban ecology of materialities, subjectivities, knowledges, organising practices, institutions, policies, communities. In this article, we look at self-organised collectives of catadores (waste pickers) in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. This research combines quantitative data from the 497 municipalities of Rio Grande do Sul with a set of interviews and ethnographic observations. The emergence of self-organized collectives of catadores shows the affirmation of creative and transformative practices that actively resist the precarious infrastructures in which they operate. This resistant attitude is displayed by their political and strategic positioning in relation to municipalities and low-level administrators, but also in relation to the social, economic and environmental inequalities that affect their lives and their communities. We propose to look at these practices of collective resistance as expansive and creative, establishing transversal alliances throughout the community. In this sense, resistance becomes an act of recycling: the transformation of urban ecologies into an ongoing and sustainable way of staying with waste. Resistant recycling transforms individual and collective existences.
Making a market in environmental credits I: Streams of value
Authors: Robertson Morgan , Lave Rebecca , Doyle Martin
Published: March 2023

This pair of papers examines and describes the state action necessary to make markets function as environmental policy instruments and as strategies of governance. They do this through a detailed look at the mechanics of environmental credit compliance markets in the US states of Oregon, Ohio, and North Carolina in which stream credits are privately created and sold to developers who have impacted protected stream systems. In this paper, we examine the tools, techniques, and people involved in the creation of a value-bearing stream credit out of a physical stream or river site. These observations reveal important principles of how science functions within governance, as well as where gaps and resistances appear that create unforeseen outcomes in market-led policy. We examine the construction and use of instruments that define natural processes as objects with value; these techniques and tools include databases and spreadsheets, algorithms, and field scoring tools that have been scavenged from a wide range of scientific and governance practices and are not themselves inherently capitalist or developed for capitalist purposes. In three different state settings, the move from measure to value is made in different ways that depend on the local institutional and social context. However, they all act to render a network of interacting ecological forces as a field of discrete ecosystem objects amenable to governance with markets.
Solitary Confinement and Prison Personnel: Emotional numbing as a response to work in extended restrictive housing*
Authors: Aranda-Hughes Vivian , Mears Daniel P.
Published: March 2023

Drawing on prior theory and research, this study develops and tests hypotheses about the potential for work in extended restrictive housing (ERH), which entails solitary confinement, to contribute to emotional numbing among personnel. It draws on a mixed-methods approach using data from a large-scale survey and from focus groups and interviews with correctional personnel. As compared to work in general population housing (GPH), ERH work was reported to be associated with greater emotional numbing due in part to unique aspects of this work. The numbing effects, then, may have adverse consequences for personnel's mental and physical health and relationships. Implications for understanding the punitive era and social order in prisons are discussed.
Domestic and family violence leave across Australian workplaces: Examining victim-survivor experiences of workplace supports and the importance of cultural change
Authors: Fitz-Gibbon Kate , Pfitzner Naomi , McNicol Emma
Published: March 2023

There is increasing recognition across Australian industries, workplace policy makers and researchers that domestic and family violence (DFV) is a workplace issue. DFV not only impacts victim-survivors’ engagement in the workforce but their work performance, job satisfaction, productivity and career progression. The economic costs of DFV to Australian workplaces are well documented; however, there is limited research capturing the workplaces’ experiences of DFV victim-survivors. Reflecting increasing acknowledgement of the need for workplaces to offer supports to employees who are experiencing DFV, in October 2022, the Commonwealth Government passed legislation that introduces a 10-day paid DFV leave provision into National Employment Standards. Recognising the critical opportunity that the new legislation presents for improving DFV workplace supports, this article offers victim-survivor led understandings of what is needed to ensure the new paid DFV leave provisions are introduced and embedded effectively across Australian workplaces. It centres the experiences of victim-survivors by drawing on the findings of a national survey and in-depth interviews conducted with over 300 Australian DFV victim-survivors. The findings are relevant to current policy and practice debates across Australia.
Insider threats among Dutch SMEs: Nature and extent of incidents, and cyber security measures
Authors: Moneva Asier , Leukfeldt Rutger
Published: March 2023

Insider threats represent a latent risk to all organisations, whether they are large companies or Small or Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs). Insiders, the individuals with privileged access to the assets of organisations, can compromise their proper functioning and cause serious consequences that can be direct—such as financial—or indirect—such as reputational. Insider incidents can have a negative impact on SMEs, as their resources are often limited, making it paramount to implement adequate cyber security measures. Despite its indisputable relevance, the empirical study of insider incidents from a criminological point of view has received little attention. This paper presents the results of an exploratory study that aims to understand the nature and extent of three types of insider incidents—malicious, negligent, and well-meaning—and how they are related to the adoption of cyber security measures. To that end, we administered a questionnaire among a panel of 496 Dutch SME entrepreneurs and managers and analysed the results quantitatively and qualitatively. The results show that although the prevalence of insider incidents is relatively low among Dutch SMEs, few organisations report a disproportionate number of incidents that often entail serious consequences. A regression model shows that there are cyber security measures related to both higher and lower incident likelihood. The implications of these findings for the cyber security policies of SMEs are discussed.
C1-inhibitor treatment in patients with severe complement-mediated autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Authors: de Boer Esther C. W. , Jalink Marit , Delvasto-Nuñez Laura , Meulenbroek Elisabeth M. , Baas Inge , Janssen Susanne R. , Folman Claudia C. , Gelderman Kyra A. , Wouters Diana , Engel Marije D. , de Haas Masja , Kersten Marie José , Jongerius Ilse , Zeerleder Sacha , Vos Josephine M. I.
Published: March 2023

Complement-mediated (CM) autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is characterized by the destruction of red blood cells (RBCs) by autoantibodies that activate the classical complement pathway. These antibodies also reduce transfusion efficacy via the lysis of donor RBCs. Because C1-inhibitor (C1-INH) is an endogenous regulator of the classical complement pathway, we hypothesized that peritransfusional C1-INH in patients with severe CM-AIHA reduces complement activation and hemolysis, and thus enhances RBC transfusion efficacy. We conducted a prospective, single-center, phase 2, open-label trial (EudraCT2012-003710-13). Patients with confirmed CM-AIHA and indication for the transfusion of 2 RBC units were eligible for inclusion. Four IV C1-INH doses (6000, 3000, 2000, and 1000 U) were administered with 12-hour intervals around RBC transfusion. Serial blood samples were analyzed for hemolytic activity, RBC opsonization, complement activation, and inflammation markers. Ten patients were included in the study. C1-INH administration increased plasma C1-INH antigen and activity, peaking at 48 hours after the first dose and accompanied by a significant reduction of RBC C3d deposition. Hemoglobin levels increased briefly after transfusion but returned to baseline within 48 hours. Overall, markers of hemolysis, inflammation, and complement activation remained unchanged. Five grade 3 and 1 grade 4 adverse event occurred but were considered unrelated to the study medication. In conclusion, peritransfusional C1-INH temporarily reduced complement activation. However, C1-INH failed to halt hemolytic activity in severe transfusion-dependent–CM-AIHA. We cannot exclude that posttransfusional hemolytic activity would have been even higher without C1-INH. The potential of complement inhibition on transfusion efficacy in severe CM-AIHA remains to be determined.
Changes in the gender pay gap over time: the case of West Germany
Authors: Bonaccolto-Töpfer Marina , Castagnetti Carolina , Rosti Luisa
Published: March 2023

Using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel, this paper analyzes changes in the gender pay gap in West Germany between 1984 and 2020. The literature generally observes a catching-up of women over time with a slowdown since the mid-1990s and often concentrates on the USA. We present both an aggregate and detailed decomposition of changes in wages allowing us to directly test for changes in the components of the decomposition across gender and time. Apart from standard OLS, we use linear unconditional quantile regressions in order to be able to take changes in the gap and its components at the mean and across the distribution into account. We find that the gender pay gap statistically significantly declined at the bottom and the middle, while it increased at the top of the wage distribution. These results suggest that glass ceiling is a major challenge to the West German labour market.