bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Human Adrenocortical Remodeling Leading to Aldosterone-Producing Cell Cluster Generation
Authors: Nishimoto Koshiro , Seki Tsugio , Hayashi Yuichiro , Mikami Shuji , Al-Eyd Ghaith , Nakagawa Ken , Morita Shinya , Kosaka Takeo , Oya Mototsugu , Mitani Fumiko , Suematsu Makoto , Kabe Yasuaki , Mukai Kuniaki
Published: September 2016

Background. The immunohistochemical detection of aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) and steroid 11β-hydroxylase (CYP11B1) has enabled the identification of aldosterone-producing cell clusters (APCCs) in the subcapsular portion of the human adult adrenal cortex. We hypothesized that adrenals have layered zonation in early postnatal stages and are remodeled to possess APCCs over time.Purposes. To investigate changes in human adrenocortical zonation with age.Methods. We retrospectively analyzed adrenal tissues prepared from 33 autopsied patients aged between 0 and 50 years. They were immunostained for CYP11B2 and CYP11B1. The percentage of APCC areas over the whole adrenal area (AA/WAA, %) and the number of APCCs (NOA, APCCs/mm2) were calculated by four examiners. Average values were used in statistical analyses.Results. Adrenals under 11 years old had layered zona glomerulosa (ZG) and zona fasciculata (ZF) without apparent APCCs. Some adrenals had an unstained (CYP11B2/CYP11B1-negative) layer between ZG and ZF, resembling the rat undifferentiated cell zone. Average AA/WAA and NOA correlated with age, suggesting that APCC development is associated with aging. Possible APCC-to-APA transitional lesions were incidentally identified in two adult adrenals.Conclusions. The adrenal cortex with layered zonation remodels to possess APCCs over time. APCC generation may be associated with hypertension in adults.
Twelve-Month Follow-Up of Dexamethasone Implants for Macular Edema from Various Diseases in Vitrectomized and Nonvitrectomized Eyes
Authors: Novais Eduardo A. , Maia Mauricio , Filho Paulo Augusto de Arruda Mello , Dias João Rafael de Oliveira , Garcia José Maurício B. B. , Andrade Gabriel C. de , Louzada Ricardo N. , Ávila Marcos , Maia André , Arevalo J. Fernando , Wu Lihteh , Berrocal Maria , Badaró Emmerson , Farah Michel
Published: September 2016

Purpose. To evaluate the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT), and the number of dexamethasone implants needed to treat cystoid macular edema (CME) from various etiologies over 12 months in vitrectomized and nonvitrectomized eyes.Methods. This multicenter retrospective cohort study included 112 patients with CME secondary to retinal diseases treated pro re nata (PRN) with a 0.7 mg intravitreal dexamethasone implant for 12 months. The BCVA, CRT, adverse events, safety data, and number of implants were recorded.Results. Vitrectomized and nonvitrectomized eyes received means of three implants and one implant, respectively, over 12 months (P<0.001). The mean BCVA of all patients improved from 0.13 at baseline to 0.33 (P<0.001) 12 months after one (P=0.001), two (P=0.041), and three (P<0.001) implants but not four implants (P=0.068). The mean baseline CRT decreased significantly (P<0.001) from 463 to 254 microns after 12 months with one (P<0.001), two (P=0.002), and three (P=0.001) implants but not with four implants (P=0.114). The anatomic and functional outcomes were not significantly different between vitrectomized and nonvitrectomized eyes. Increased IOP was the most common adverse event (23.2%).Conclusions. Dexamethasone implant administered PRN improved VA and decreased CRT in CME, with possible long-term clinically relevant benefits for treating CME from various etiologies. Vitrectomized eyes needed more implants compared with nonvitrectomized eyes.
Pulmonary Nodule Detection Model Based on SVM and CT Image Feature-Level Fusion with Rough Sets
Authors: Zhou Tao , Lu Huiling , Zhang Junjie , Shi Hongbin
Published: September 2016

In order to improve the detection accuracy of pulmonary nodules in CT image, considering two problems of pulmonary nodules detection model, including unreasonable feature structure and nontightness of feature representation, a pulmonary nodules detection algorithm is proposed based on SVM and CT image feature-level fusion with rough sets. Firstly, CT images of pulmonary nodule are analyzed, and 42-dimensional feature components are extracted, including six new 3-dimensional features proposed by this paper and others 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional features. Secondly, these features are reduced for five times with rough set based on feature-level fusion. Thirdly, a grid optimization model is used to optimize the kernel function of support vector machine (SVM), which is used as a classifier to identify pulmonary nodules. Finally, lung CT images of 70 patients with pulmonary nodules are collected as the original samples, which are used to verify the effectiveness and stability of the proposed model by four groups’ comparative experiments. The experimental results show that the effectiveness and stability of the proposed model based on rough set feature-level fusion are improved in some degrees.
Correlation between Microleakage and Absolute Marginal Discrepancy in Zirconia Crowns Cemented with Four Resin Luting Cements: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Cristian Abad-Coronel , Jeanette Li , Francisco Martínez-Rus , Guillermo Pradíes
Published: September 2016

Objectives. To evaluate microleakage and absolute marginal discrepancy (AMD) and to assess correlation between AMD and microleakage with four resin luting cements.Material and Methods. 20 extracted human third molars were prepared for full-coverage crowns. 20 zirconia copings were made (LAVA, 3M ESPE) and cemented. Specimens were randomly allocated for each used type of cement into 4 groups, RelyX® (Rx), Multilink® (Mk), PANAVIA 2.1® (P), and Maxcem® (Mx) and immersed in 10% safranin for 72 hours. 20x magnification lenses were used to observe microleakage areas (μm2) and images software was used to measure AMD areas (μm). Discrepancy and microleakage between the cements were compared with one-way ANOVA test with confidence interval of 95%.Results. Rx Group showed microleakage has lowest value and AMD has highest value. P Group showed microleakage has the highest value and Mk Group presented AMD has lowest value. There were no significative differences between the cements. There were no linear correlations between microleakage and AMD; however a complex regression statistical model obtained allowed formulating an association between both variables (microleakage =AMD0,896).Conclusions. No significative differences were found among 4 types of cements. No linear correlations between AMD and microleakage were found.Clinical Significance. AMD is not easily related to microleakage. Characteristics of cements are fundamental to decreasing of microleakage values.
Proper Orthogonal Decomposition as Surrogate Model for Aerodynamic Optimization
Authors: Dolci Valentina , Arina Renzo
Published: September 2016

A surrogate model based on the proper orthogonal decomposition is developed in order to enable fast and reliable evaluations of aerodynamic fields. The proposed method is applied to subsonic turbulent flows and the proper orthogonal decomposition is based on an ensemble of high-fidelity computations. For the construction of the ensemble, fractional and full factorial planes together with central composite design-of-experiment strategies are applied. For the continuous representation of the projection coefficients in the parameter space, response surface methods are employed. Three case studies are presented. In the first case, the boundary shape of the problem is deformed and the flow past a backward facing step with variable step slope is studied. In the second case, a two-dimensional flow past a NACA 0012 airfoil is considered and the surrogate model is constructed in the (Mach, angle of attack) parameter space. In the last case, the aerodynamic optimization of an automotive shape is considered. The results demonstrate how a reduced-order model based on the proper orthogonal decomposition applied to a small number of high-fidelity solutions can be used to generate aerodynamic data with good accuracy at a low cost.
Screening of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders Using Exfoliative Cytology: A Diagnostic Modality
Authors: Kabiraj Arpita , Khaitan Tanya , Bhowmick Debarati , Ginjupally Uday , Bir Aritri , Chatterjee Kushal
Published: September 2016

Objective. Oral exfoliative cytology (OEC) has been implemented in the diagnosis of pathologic lesions for ages. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the cytomorphological features of some of the commonest potentially malignant disorders (leukoplakia, lichen planus, and oral submucous fibrosis) through a simple procedure and illustrate its importance in mass screening.Materials and Method. A total of 160 subjects with 25–50 years of age were included in the study. Among them, 40 were clinically diagnosed with oral leukoplakia, 40 were diagnosed with oral lichen planus, 40 were diagnosed with oral submucous fibrosis, and 40 were in the control group. The prepared smears were subjected to Papanicolaou stain and analyzed microscopically for the evaluation of the cytomorphological features.Results and Discussion. When analyzed microscopically, 36 (90%) out of the 40 oral leukoplakic lesions showed Class II cytological features whereas 4 (10%) revealed Class I features. Among 40 patients with oral lichen planus, 26 (65%) showed Class II features while the remaining 14 (35%) revealed Class I features. In 40 subjects with oral submucous fibrosis, 32 (80%) showed Class II features while the other 8 (20%) showed Class I features. All the 40 control subjects showed Class I features. Thus, OEC can be widely advocated as an addition to clinical conclusion and an adjunct to biopsy.
Mobility-Aware Video Streaming in MIMO-Capable Heterogeneous Wireless Networks
Authors: Oh Hayoung
Published: September 2016

Multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) is a well-known technique for the exploitation of the spatial multiplexing (MUX) and spatial diversity (DIV) gains that improve transmission quality and reliability. In this paper, we propose a quality-adaptive scheme for handover and forwarding that supports mobile-video-streaming services in MIMO-capable, heterogeneous wireless-access networks such as those for Wi-Fi and LTE. Unlike previous handover schemes, we propose an appropriate metric for the selection of the wireless technology and the MIMO mode, whereby a new address availability and the wireless-channel quality, both of which are in a new wireless-access network so that the handover and video-playing delays are reduced, are considered. While an MN maintains its original care-of address (oCoA), the video packets destined for the MN are forwarded with the MIMO technique (MUX mode or DIV mode) on top of a specific wireless technology from the previous Access Router (pAR) to the new Access Router (nAR) until they finally reach the MN; however, to guarantee a high video-streaming quality and to limit the video-packet-forwarding hops between the pAR and the nAR, the MN creates a new CoA (nCOA) within the delay threshold of the QoS/quality of experience (QoE) satisfaction result, and then, as much as possible, the video packet is forwarded with the MUX. Through extensive simulations, we show that the proposed scheme is a significant improvement upon the other schemes.
Effects of Nitrogen Application on Growth and Ethanol Yield of Sweet Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench] Varieties
Authors: Olugbemi Oluwatoyin , Abiola Ababyomi Yekeen
Published: September 2016

A study was carried out in two locations, Ilorin (8° 29′ N; 4° 35′ E; about 310 m asl) and Ejiba (8° 17′ N; 5° 39′ E; about 246 m asl), at the Southern Guinea Savannah agroecological zone of Nigeria to assess the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on the growth and ethanol yield of four sweet sorghum varieties (NTJ-2, 64 DTN, SW Makarfi 2006, and SW Dansadau 2007). Five N fertilizer levels (0, 40, 80, 120, and 160 kg ha−1) were used in a 4 × 5 factorial experiment, laid out in split-plots arrangement. The application of nitrogen fertilizer was shown to enhance the growth of sweet sorghum as observed in the plant height, LAI, CGR, and other growth indices. Nitrogen fertilizer application also enhanced the ethanol yield of the crop, as variations in growth parameters and ethanol yield were observed among the four varieties studied. The variety SW Dansadau 2007 was observed as the most promising in terms of growth and ethanol yield, and the application of 120 kg N ha−1resulted in the best ethanol yield at the study area.
Enhancing V2X Communication Based on a New Comb-Pilot Estimation Approach
Authors: Sassi Aymen , El Hillali Yassin , Revenq Atika , Charfi Faiza , Kamoun Lotfi
Published: September 2016

Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) communication systems, known as V2X technologies, have increasingly attracted attention in current research on road safety and traffic ergonomics. The performance evaluation of these communication systems is an important step before their potential integration and use in real systems. V2X communications are based on the IEEE 802.11p standard also known as Wireless Access in Vehicular Environment (WAVE). V2X can affect human life; therefore a deep study related to V2X performance evaluation should be done in order to be sure about the system reliability. In this context, we have elaborated a deep study related to the effect of transmission range on V2X communications by considering the terminal mobility. First, we have evaluated the performance of the PHY layer on the IEEE 802.11p using simulation. Secondly, we have conducted real case measurements using the Arada LocoMate Transmission system. The obtained results shows the necessity to optimize the quality of transmission in V2X communications. Consequently, we propose in this paper a new comb-pilot technique to enhance the quality of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) transmission. Our proposal consists in two new uses of the pilot subcarrier estimation technique in order to decrease the elevated bit error rate (BER). The quality of transmission (QoT) is first evaluated relating to the pilot symbol rearranged positions. Second, we proposed to optimize the QoT by adding two supplementary pilot symbols as it can offer better channel estimation results. Based on the performance evaluation of our proposal, it is confirmed that both of rearrangement and the adding of the pilot patterns lead to performance enhancement compared to baseline model (standardized one).
ALTE and Feeding Intolerance as a Presentation of Double Aortic Arch
Authors: Krishnasarma Rekha , Green Golan Mackintosh Liza , Bynum Francine
Published: September 2016

Many children who are admitted to pediatric hospitals with the chief complaint of apparent life-threatening event (ALTE) are, in fact, well appearing by the time the inpatient medical team evaluates the patient. This presents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. We describe a case of a six-month-old full-term female presenting with an ALTE and found to have a double aortic arch, a congenital anomaly that usually presents with a more progressive onset of symptoms such as chronic cough, positional stridor, and feeding difficulties. This case highlights the importance of maintaining a broad differential in a patient presenting with findings of tracheoesophageal pathology on clinical exam.
Competitive Adsorption of Cadmium (II) from Aqueous Solutions onto Nanoparticles of Water Treatment Residual
Authors: Elkhatib Elsayed , Mahdy Ahmed , Sherif Fatma , Elshemy Walaa
Published: September 2016

There is increasing interest in using water treatment residuals (WTRs) for heavy metals removal from wastewater due to their low cost, availability, and high efficiency in removing various pollutants. In this study, novel water treatment residuals nanoparticles (nWTRs) were prepared using high energy ball milling and used for efficient removal of Cd(II) in single- and multi-ion systems. The WTR nanoparticles demonstrated high removal efficiency for Cd from aqueous solution as the adsorption capacities of nWTR were 17 and 10 times higher than those of bulk WTR in single- and multielement systems, respectively. Noticeably, Cd(II) adsorption was clearly suppressed in the multi-ion system as Cu and Pb form the most stable monohydroxo complexes. Fourier transmission infrared (FTIR) analyses suggested the participation of OH−, O-Al-O, FeOH, and FeOOH entities in the adsorption process. The stability of Cd-nWTR surface complexes is evident as less than 0. 2% of adsorbed Cd(ll) was released at the highest Cd(II) concentration load after 4 consecutive desorption cycles. Moreover, the real efficiency of nWTR for Cd(II) removal from wastewater samples studied was calculated to be 98.35%. These results highlight the potential of nWTR for heavy metals removal from wastewater.
Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness Practice and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Bitew Yewondwossen , Awoke Worku , Chekol Simachew
Published: September 2016

Background. Little is known about birth preparedness and complication readiness (BPCR) plan in resource limited settings to decrease maternal mortality. Therefore, this study was done to assess the status of BPCR and associated factors among pregnant women in South Wollo, Northwest Ethiopia, by involving 819 pregnant women from March to April, 2014. Data were collected by using pretested interviewer administered questionnaire and analyzed using a computer program of SPSS version 20.00. Results. Pregnant women who were prepared for at least three elements of BPCR were 24.1%. Pregnant women knowing at least three key danger signs during pregnancy, delivery, and postnatal period were 23.2%, 22.6%, and 9.6%, respectively. Women having secondary education and higher were 6.20 (95% CI = [1.36, 28.120]) times more likely to be prepared than illiterates. Women having a lifetime history of stillbirth [5.80 (1.13, 29.63)], attending ANC for last child pregnancy [5.44 (2.07, 14.27)], participating in community BPCR group discussion [4.36 (1.17, 16.26)], and having their male partner involved in BPCR counseling during ANC follow-up [4.45 (1.95, 10.16)] were more likely to be prepared. Conclusions. BPCR was very low and should be strengthened through health communication by involving partner in BPCR counseling.
Medication‐Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: New Insights into Molecular Mechanisms and Cellular Therapeutic Approaches
Authors: Lombard Thomas , Neirinckx Virginie , Rogister Bernard , Gilon Yves , Wislet Sabine
Published: September 2016

In recent years, medication‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) became an arising disease due to the important antiresorptive drug prescriptions to treat oncologic and osteoporotic patients, as well as the use of new antiangiogenic drugs such as VEGF antagonist. So far, MRONJ physiopathogenesis still remains unclear. Aiming to better understand MRONJ physiopathology, the first objective of this review would be to highlight major molecular mechanisms that are known to be involved in bone formation and remodeling. Recent development in MRONJ pharmacological treatments showed good results; however, those treatments are not curative and could have major side effects. In parallel to pharmacological treatments, MSC grafts appeared to be beneficial in the treatment of MRONJ, in multiple aspects: (1) recruitment and stimulation of local or regional endogenous cells to differentiate into osteoblasts and thus bone formation, (2) beneficial impact on bone remodeling, and (3) immune‐modulatory properties that decrease inflammation. In this context, the second objective of this manuscript would be to summarize the molecular regulatory events controlling osteogenic differentiation, bone remodeling, and osteoimmunology and potential beneficial effects of MSC related to those aspects, in order to apprehend MRONJ and to develop new therapeutic approaches.
Qualitative and Bifurcation Analysis of an SIR Epidemic Model with Saturated Treatment Function and Nonlinear Pulse Vaccination
Authors: Liu Xiangsen , Dai Binxiang
Published: September 2016

An SIR epidemic model with saturated treatment function and nonlinear pulse vaccination is studied. The existence and stability of the disease-free periodic solution are investigated. The sufficient conditions for the persistence of the disease are obtained. The existence of the transcritical and flip bifurcations is considered by means of the bifurcation theory. The stability of epidemic periodic solutions is discussed. Furthermore, some numerical simulations are given to illustrate our results.
Generalized Robertson-Walker Space-Time Admitting Evolving Null Horizons Related to a Black Hole Event Horizon
Authors: Duggal K. L.
Published: September 2016

A new technique is used to study a family of time-dependent null horizons, called “Evolving Null Horizons” (ENHs), of generalized Robertson-Walker (GRW) space-time (M¯,g¯) such that the metric g¯ satisfies a kinematic condition. This work is different from our early papers on the same issue where we used (1+n)-splitting space-time but only some special subcases of GRW space-time have this formalism. Also, in contrast to previous work, we have proved that each member of ENHs is totally umbilical in (M¯,g¯). Finally, we show that there exists an ENH which is always a null horizon evolving into a black hole event horizon and suggest some open problems.
Intravitreal tPA Injection and Pneumatic Displacement for Submacular Hemorrhage in a 10-Year-Old Child
Authors: Tsuyama Takayuki , Hirose Hiroshi , Hattori Tomohiro
Published: September 2016

Background. Submacular hemorrhage can occur after blunt trauma to the eye. Intravitreal tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and gas injection are often used for treatment and are effective for submacular hemorrhage caused by age-related macular degeneration. This report describes the clinical outcome in a child with submacular hemorrhage caused by traumatic choroidal rupture who underwent successful intravitreal tPA injection and pneumatic displacement.Case Presentation. A 10-year-old boy developed sudden decrease of vision and a central scotoma in his right eye after trauma. Submacular hemorrhage was found in the eye. Visual acuity was 20/70 OD. Tissue plasminogen activator (12.5 μg in 0.05 mL) and 0.3 mL of pure sulfur hexafluoride were injected into the vitreous cavity under general anesthesia. After surgery, the patient was instructed to maintain a prone position. Displacement of the submacular hemorrhage from the fovea revealed a choroidal rupture, presumed to be the cause of the hemorrhage. After 4 months of follow-up, visual acuity was restored and final visual acuity is 20/16.Conclusion. Intravitreal tPA and gas injection can be an effective treatment for children with submacular hemorrhage.
Structural and Compositional Characterization of Fungus-Derived Pyrolytic Carbon Architectures
Authors: Campbell Brennan , Ionescu Robert , Ozkan Cengiz S. , Ozkan Mihrimah
Published: September 2016

Three distinctive pyrolytic carbon structures, derived from three specific tissues ofAgaricus bisporusmushroom, were studied and characterized. The three structures discovered within the stalk, cap, and cap skin tissues were found to contain unique microarchitectures, which were preserved upon anoxic carbonization. Experiments also revealed the formation of salt pockets and deposits within each microarchitecture, leading to a potential natural hard-template method for porous carbon structures.
Fluid-Structure Simulations of a Ruptured Intracranial Aneurysm: Constant versus Patient-Specific Wall Thickness
Authors: Voß S. , Glaßer S. , Hoffmann T. , Beuing O. , Weigand S. , Jachau K. , Preim B. , Thévenin D. , Janiga G. , Berg P.
Published: September 2016

Computational Fluid Dynamics is intensively used to deepen the understanding of aneurysm growth and rupture in order to support physicians during therapy planning. However, numerous studies considering only the hemodynamics within the vessel lumen found no satisfactory criteria for rupture risk assessment. To improve available simulation models, the rigid vessel wall assumption has been discarded in this work and patient-specific wall thickness is considered within the simulation. For this purpose, a ruptured intracranial aneurysm was prepared ex vivo, followed by the acquisition of local wall thickness usingμCT. The segmented inner and outer vessel surfaces served as solid domain for the fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulation. To compare wall stress distributions within the aneurysm wall and at the rupture site, FSI computations are repeated in a virtual model using a constant wall thickness approach. Although the wall stresses obtained by the two approaches—when averaged over the complete aneurysm sac—are in very good agreement, strong differences occur in their distribution. Accounting for the real wall thickness distribution, the rupture site exhibits much higher stress values compared to the configuration with constant wall thickness. The study reveals the importance of geometry reconstruction and accurate description of wall thickness in FSI simulations.
Safe and Effective Treatment of Experimental Neuroblastoma and Glioblastoma Using Systemically Delivered Triple MicroRNA-Detargeted Oncolytic Semliki Forest Virus
Authors: Ramachandran Mohanraj , Yu Di , Dyczynski Matheus , Baskaran Sathishkumar , Zhang Lei , Lulla Aleksei , Lulla Valeria , Saul Sirle , Nelander Sven , Dimberg Anna , Merits Andres , Leja-Jarblad Justyna , Essand Magnus
Published: September 2016

Background: Glioblastoma multiforme and high-risk neuroblastoma are cancers with poor outcome. Immunotherapy in the form of neurotropic oncolytic viruses is a promising therapeutic approach for these malignancies. Here we evaluate the oncolytic capacity of the neurovirulent and partly IFNβ-resistant Semliki Forest virus (SFV)-4 in glioblastoma multiformes and neuroblastomas. To reduce neurovirulence we constructed SFV4miRT, which is attenuated in normal central nervous system (CNS) cells through insertion of microRNA target sequences for miR124, miR125, miR134.

Methods: Oncolytic activity of SFV4miRT was examined in mouse neuroblastoma and glioblastoma multiforme cell lines and in patient-derived human glioblastoma cell cultures (HGCC). In vivo neurovirulence and therapeutic efficacy was evaluated in two syngeneic orthotopic glioma models (CT-2A, GL261) and a syngeneic subcutaneous neuroblastoma model (NXS2). The role of IFNβ in inhibiting therapeutic efficacy was investigated.

Results: The introduction of miRNA target sequences reduced neurovirulence of SFV4 in terms of attenuated replication in mouse CNS cells and ability to cause encephalitis when administered intravenously. A single intravenous injection of SFV4miRT prolonged survival and cured four of eight mice (50%) with NXS2 and three of 11 mice (27%) with CT-2A, but not for GL261 tumor-bearing mice. In vivo therapeutic efficacy in different tumor models inversely correlated to secretion of IFNβ by respective cells upon SFV4 infection in vitro. Similarly, killing efficacy of HGCC lines inversely correlated to IFNβ response and interferon-α/β receptor-1 expression.

Conclusions: SFV4miRT has reduced neurovirulence, while retaining its oncolytic capacity. SFV4miRT is an excellent candidate for treatment of glioblastoma multiforme and neuroblastoma with low IFN-β secretion. Clin Cancer Res; 23(6); 1519–30. ©2016 AACR.
Efeito da concentração do soro sobre a sensibilidade e a especificidade da reação de soroaglutinação microscópica aplicada ao diagnóstico da leptospirose suína, tendo como antfgeno a L. biflexa estirpe Buenos Aires
Authors: Vasconcelos Silvio Arruda , Ohtsubo Ioshimiro , Yasuda Paulo Hideki , Moretti Anibal Sant'anna , Ito Fumio Honma , Passos Estevão de Camargo , Côrtes José de Angelis
Published: September 2016

Foi estudada a influência da variável concentração de soro sobre os resultados da reação de soroaglutinação microscópica (SAM) aplicada ao exame de grupos de suínos controlados. Dos 29 animais utilizados nove permaneceram como testemunhos (Grupo "A"), dez receberam, durante três dias, água de bebida contaminada por L. biflexa estirpe Buenos Aires (Grupo "B") e dez foram inoculados pela via intraperitoneal com uma estirpe virulenta de L interrogans sorotipo pomona (Grupo "C"). As amostras de soro examinadas foram obtidas no 5º, 15º, 30º, 39º e 51º dia da investigação, perfazendo um total de 145 amostras. Os soros foram examinados nas diluições de 1:10; 1:40; 1:60 e 1:100. A análise dos resultados considerou como especificidade absoluta o percentual de resultados negativos no grupo "A" e como sensibilidade absoluta o percentual de resultados positivos obtidos no grupo "C". Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que a medida em que se umentou a concentração do soro houve  concomitantemente um aumento na sensibilidade e uma diminuição na especificidade dos resultados obtidos com o antígeno de L. biflexa estirpe Buenos Aires. Para este antígeno o maior valor encontrado simultaneamente para as características de sensibilidade e de especificidade foi o de 60% na diluição do soro de 1:20.
Ocorrência e identificação de ancilostomatídeos em lobo-guará ( Chrysocyon brachyurus, Illiger, 1811) da região do Triângulo Mineiro, Minas Gerais, Brasil
Authors: Mundim Maria José Santos , Machado Maria Inês , Bevilaqua Eduardo , Mundim Antonio Vicente , Maywald Paula Guardenho , Oliveira Marli Geralda de
Published: September 2016

Foi realizado um estudo em 9 lobos-guará( Chrysocyon brachyurus) da região do Triangulo Mineiro, Minas Gerais, Brasil, com o objetivo de verificar a ocorrência de ovos e de formas adultas deancilostomatídeos. Foram identificados ovos dos referidos helmintos em 77,77% dos animais estudados. Duas espécies de formas adultas de ancilostomatídeos encontradas no intestino delgado foram identificadas como: Uncinaria stenocephala (Railliet, 1884) e Ancylostomacaninum (Ercolani, 1859). Relatou-se pela primeiravez, a ocorrência de U. stenocephala em C. brachyurus, no Brasil.
Características sanguíneas da Pirapitinga do Sul, Brycon sp, sob condições experimentais de criação intensiva
Authors: Paiva Maria Jose Tavares Ranzini
Published: September 2016

Este trabalho, realizado no período de março de 1984 a maio de 1986, foi desenvolvido com exemplares de pirapitinga do sul, Brycon sp, da Estação de Aquicultura de Paraibuna da Companhia Energética de São Paulo (CESP). Em tanques de 10x20 m foram colocados dois lotes (C 13 e C 14 de 400 peixes cada, com a idade inicial de 1 ano e 4 meses e 2 anos e 6meses, respectivamente. Mensalmente, 10 exemplares de cada tanque foram capturados e transportados até o laboratório do Instituto de Pesca, em São Paulo, onde foram tomados dados de peso total (g) e comprimento total (cm) dos exemplares anestesiados. O sangue, retirado por punção caudal, com auxílio de seringas e agulhas descartáveis, heparinizadas, foi utilizado 4 3para contagem total de eritrócitos (Er = 104/mm3),hematócrito (Ht = %) e taxa de hemoglobina (Hb = mg%).Com esses dados foram calculados os índices hematimétricos absolutos: VCM = µm3, HCM = µµg e CHCM = %. Não foram encontradas diferenças entre as médias destes índices de machos e fêmeas e nem entre as dos estádios de maturação gonadal, porém, foi nota do discreto aumento destas médias com o avanço da maturação gonadal. Os valores médios das análises sanguíneas, para os exemplares do tanque C 14 , foram superiores aos do tanque C 13 Foi, também, encontrada correlação significativa entre as variáveis hematológicas: Er, Ht e Hb.
Emprego do rato branco como sistema biológico alternativo para o estudo do vírus da raiva
Authors: Cortes Valdson De Angelis , Côrtes José De Angelis
Published: September 2016

Estudo realizado objetivando comparar a sensibilidade ao vírus da raiva, de dois sistemas biológicos representados pelo camundongo suiço albino (Mus musculus) e pelo rato branco (Rattus norvegicus),revelou a inexistência de diferença estatisticamente significante entre eles relativamente aos seguintes parâmetros: período de incubação, período de evolução da doença, momento do aparecimento dos corpúsculos de Negri, suscetibilidade, e sintomas (excitação, agressividade, emagrecimento, paralisia, aerofobia e morte). Tais achados viabilizam a utilização do rato branco como sistema biológico alternativo para o estudo do vírus da raiva, sempre que a situação o ex i g i r .
Diferenças ultra-estruturais entre as células de Leydig de cavalo, jumento e seu híbrido
Authors: Alvarenga Fernanda Da Cruz Landim e
Published: September 2016

A ultra-estrutura das células de Leydig de cavalos, jumentos e burros foi comparada com o intuito de se estudar as diferenças morfológicas existentes. Todas as células estudadas apresentam um retículo endoplasmático liso bem desenvolvido, característico das células produtoras de hormônios esteróides. No cavalo, no entanto, esta organela aparentemente se apresenta mais abundante. As mitocondrias encontradas são pequenas, redondas e numerosas. Nos jumentos e burros uma grande quantidade de microfilamentos aparece próximo ao núcleo. A função destes filamentos é ainda desconhecida pois parece não existir razão para a presença de um citoesqueleto tão desenvolvido em células intersticiais, imóveis e sem função de sustentação, exceto, talvez, a relação com o transporte de substâncias precursoras de esteróides e/ou organelas intracelulares.
Avaliação dos efeitos de um novo adesivo para fins biológicos (Colagel) na ceratoplastia experimental em cães
Authors: Laus José Luiz , Rossi Marco Antonio , Souza Mirian Siliane Batista de , Barros Paulo Sérgio De Moraes , Morales Adriana
Published: September 2016

Com o objetivo de se avaliar os efeitos de um novo adesivo para fins biológicos (Colagel) na ceratoplastia experimental, empregaram-se 21 animais da espécie canina, sem raça definida, machos e fêmeas e considerados sadios. Adotaram-se protocolos de estudo para avaliação aos 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 30 e 60 dias de pós-operatório, segundo parâmetros clínicos e histológicos. Os resultados obtidos no decurso e ao término da pesquisa mostraram que a mistura gel-adesiva, na formulação e concentrações apresentadas, possibilitou o surgimento de quadro inflamatório de grande significado clínico e não contribuiu com a evolução do processo cicatricial.
Estudo anatômico das vias bilíferas em búfalos: comportamento do ductus choledocus, ductus cysticus e vesica fellea. Sistematização do ductus biliferus principalis dexter
Authors: Souza Wilson Machado de , Souza Nair Trevisan Machado de , Miglino Maria Angélica , Didio Liberato João Afonso
Published: September 2016

Os autores estudaram o comportamento do ductus choledocus, ductus cysticus e vesica fellea e a constituição do ductus biliferus principalis dexter, parte das vias bilíferas em 40 búfalas da raça Jaffarabadi, adultas. Os fígados tiveram suas vias biliares injetadas com látex Neoprene 650 e celobar, e o procedimento utilizado pelos autores para evidenciação dos componentes estudados foram a dissecação e radiografias. Nos 40 órgãos analisados constatou-se que o ductus choledocus na maioria (97,5%) sem tributários, acolhe num caso isolado (2,5%) afluente inominado do lobus quadratus. Este ductus apresenta-se formado pela confluência dos ductus biliferus principalis dexter e do sinister (75%), pela confluência das raízes dorsomedial e ventrolateral mais o ductus biliferus principalis sinister (22,5%), e pela junção do ductus hepaticus e ductus cysticus (2,5%). O ductus cysticus, componente constante do ductus biliferus principalis dexter, associa-se ao ductus biliferus lateralis lobi dextri (67,5%), endereçando-se nas outras glândulas (32,5%) a troncos diversos. A vesica fellea em 87,5% das peças mostra-se livre de afluentes, enquanto nas demais dessecações (12,5%) recebe duetos hepaticocísticos oriundos apenas do lobus quadratus (5%), simultaneamente do lobus dexter e do lobus quadratus (5%), e unicamente do território lateral do lobus dexter (5%). O ductus biliferus principalis dexter é formado pelo ductus lateralis lobi dextri e ductus cysticus (100%) e pelo ductus medialis lobi dextri, ductus dorsalis lobi dextri e ductus processi caudati (92,5%).
Eficácia de pamoato de pirantel, isolado ou associado ao triclorfon, no controle de ciatostomíneos de eqüinos
Authors: Pereira Marcelo De Campos , Del Bigio Maurício , De Campos Reinaldo
Published: September 2016

Através de estudo comparativo, objetivou-se avaliar a eficiência anti-helmíntica de pamoato de pirantel, isolado ou associado ao triclorfon, no controle de estrongilídeos de eqüinos da raça Puro Sangue Inglês. As coproculturas realizadas antes e após os tratamentos levaram consistentemente ao encontro de populações puras de ciatostomíneos com oito células intestinais. As reduções de ovos por grama de fezes foram avaliadas do 7º. ao 45º. dias pós-tratamento. Comparando os valores médios de OPG dos eqüinos tratados com pamoato de pirantel (13,2 mg/kg) associado ao triclorfon (30 mg/kg) e com pamoato de pirantel isolado (13,2 mg/kg), observou-se diferença não significante (P≤0,05) ao longo do experimento, verificando-se, 7 dias após o tratamento, reduções médias de OPG de quase 100% e, do 7º. ao 20º. dias, reduções ainda superiores a 90%. Os resultados indicam que os dois produtos são eficazes na redução de ovos por grama de fezes de ciatostomíneos de eqüinos mantidos sob condições a campo.
Um caso raro de intussuscepção em uma vaca leiteira
Authors: Ortolani Enrico Lippi , July Jose Roberto , Feitosa Leydson Formiga
Published: September 2016

Neste trabalho descreve-se caso clínico raro de intussuscepção no segmento “par descendi” do duodeno em vaca leiteira de 3 anos de idade. Os principais sinais clínicos evidenciados eram súbita anorexia, queda na produção leiteira, estase ruminal e parada de defecação. Pela auscultação foi detectada diminuição nos borborigmos do abomaso e dos intestinos; contudo, um som metálico foi emitido, quando de percussão-auscultatória, no flanco direito entre 10ª. e 12ª. costelas. No exame retal foi detectada estrutura visceral distendida, firme e elástica no quadrante anterior direito do abdome. O diagnóstico definitivo foi determinado quando da laparotomia exploratória. Em seguida à retirada dos segmentos intestinais afetados, realizou-se uma enteroanstomose. O tratamento médico consistiu de antibioticoterapia e de hidratação, por cinco dias, que precedeu a rápida recuperação clínica do animal. Discute-se neste trabalho a origem dos sinais clínicos apresentados pelo animal.
Aplicação do adesivo sintético embucrilato (Hystoacril®) na reparação de úlceras profundas da córnea: estudo experimental em cães (Canis familiaris, Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Sampaio Renato Linhares , Ranzani José Joaquim Titton
Published: September 2016

O presente trabalho consistiu na aplicação do adesivo sintético embucrilato em córneas experimentalmente preparadas através da realização de ceratectomias lamelares, de profundidade e tamanho padronizados. Foram utilizados 21 cães, cujas córneas receberam o adesivo, os quais foram divididos em 6 grupos experimentais e 1 grupo controle, cada um com 3 animais, que foram submetidos a períodos variados de acompanhamento pós-operatório, a saber: 1; 3; 7; 15; 30 e 60 dias. Ao final de cada período, as córneas foram coletadas e mantidas em formalina tamponada. As avaliações consistiram na determinação da evolução clínica e estudo histopatológico de todos os olhos operados. Os resultados revelaram reação inflamatória ao adesivo sintético quando comparado com o grupo controle. Por outro lado, o adesivo mostrou-se estável, mantendo-se presente na área aplicada por um período médio de 20 dias. De acordo com os resultados, concluiu-se que os adesivos são de grande utilidade no reparo das lesões da córnea, fato este comprovado pela estabilidade do tecido corneano em relação ao material proposto, facilidade e custo de aplicação.
Comparação de três técnicas de produção do antígeno do lentivírus caprino utilizado no teste de imunodifusão em gel de ágar
Authors: Pinheiro Raymundo Rizaldo , Gouveia Aurora Maria Guimarães , Yorinori Eliane Harumi , Andrioli Alice
Published: September 2016

A Artrite Encefalite Caprina (AEC) é uma enfermidade que causa perdas econômicas consideráveis, incluindo perda na produção de leite e diminuição da vida útil do animal. No diagnóstico desta enfermidade o teste de imunodifusão em gel de ágar (IDGA) é utilizado mundialmente como o teste de triagem. Este trabalho teve como objetivo testar três diferentes concentrações de soro fetal bovino (SFB) na produção do antígeno (Ag) para o diagnóstico da AEC, verificar dentre três métodos o mais eficiente para efetuar a concentração e qual a concentração do antígeno produzido mais apropriada para o teste. Tanto o método do AMICON, como o da concentração do Ag por diálise são indicados, entretanto o sistema AMICON, apesar dos custos de implantação, promoveu menor perda de antígeno, maior rapidez e praticidade. Com relação à quantidade de soro fetal bovino (SFB) colocada após a inoculação viral observou-se que 5% de SFB foi a quantidade que apresentou melhores resultados. A concentração do antígeno mais indicada é de 100 vezes, pois permite a detecção de anticorpos contra o vírus da AEC (LVC) por duas proteínas (gp 135 e p28). A purificação do Ag por precipitação/ultracentrifugação, utilizada para provas imunoenzimáticas (ELISA e Dot-BLOT), não apresentou resultados satisfatórios para o IDGA.
O uso da artroscopia na osteocondrite dissecante da articulação do ombro
Authors: Matera Julia Maria , Tatarunas Angélica Cecília , Fantoni Denise Tabachi , Yazbek Karina Velloso Braga
Published: September 2016

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o uso da artroscopia em cães portadores de osteocondrite dissecante da articulação do ombro quanto a visibilização das estruturas intra-articulares, alterações de cartilagem, membrana sinovial e complicações. Durante o procedimento artroscópico ocorreram infiltração periarticular, lesão iatrogênica de cartilagem, dificuldade de confecção dos portais artroscópio, instrumental, realização da triangulação e deslocamento prematuro do artroscópio. A hiperplasia de sinóvia foi presente em todos os animais operados. Lesões cartilagíneas consistiram de condromalácea, erosão, eburnação, osteofito, fibrilação, presença de retalho de cartilagem livre e aderido. A artroscopia trouxe informações importantes quanto ao número e localização dos retalhos e condição geral da articulação. A remoção do retalho de cartilagem por artroscopia é um procedimento que requer maior habilidade do que aquela necessária para a realização da artroscopia diagnóstica, portanto o cirurgião deve ter maior experiência.
Características da angioarquitetura do testículo de cobaios
Authors: Filadelpho Andre Luis , Orsi Antonio Marcos , Viegas Katia Aparecida da Silva , Simoes Karina , Miglino Maria Angélica
Published: September 2016

Os ramos da artéria testicular em cobaio são uma artéria capsular principal e alguns ramos capsulares com disposições oblíqua-longitudinal e transversa-longitudinal, mostrando um padrão distributivo variável em ambas as superfícies dos testículos. Os ramos subcapsulares se originam da própria artéria testicular ou da artéria capsular, sendo que estes ramos subcapsulares emitem vários outros ramos com disposição estratigrafica variável. Assim, se notam vasos sanguíneos extraalbugínicos colocados entre o estrato mesotelial e o próprio estrato denso da albugínea. Os vasos intra-albugínicos são caracterizados como seguimentos arteriasis e venosos dispostos na intimidade da albugínea testicular. Os vasos subcapsulares e intratesticulares sequentes aos anteriores aparecem na intimidade do testículo como pequenas artérias e veias, arteríolas e vênulas e capilares das redes capilares. Os vasos intratesticulares mostram um padrão complexo de disposição, sendo vistos, especialmente os capilares, com orientação espacial paralela ou perpendicular em relação aos túbulos seminíferos os quais circundam.
Avaliação radiográfica da absorção de parafusos de osso cortical bovino com bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) inseridos em úmero de cão
Authors: Ferrigno Cássio Ricardo Auada , Coutinho Anderson , Patane Christian Fantini , Baccarin Daniel Castelo Branco , Lima Leonardo Pereira , Kian Vinicius , Cortopassi Silvia Renata Gaido
Published: September 2016

Os aloenxertos, são retirados de fontes naturais e são utilizados em cirurgias ortopédicas em humanos e em animais há muitos anos. Desde 1952 centenas de cirurgias ortopédicas foram realizadas com sucesso usando-se tecidos e materiais doados de banco de ossos. O propósito do presente estudo é verificar o tempo de absorção, através de exames radiográficos, de parafusos confeccionados com cortical óssea bovina, inserida no tubérculo maior do úmero de sete cães, em comparação com parafusos de aço. Os resultados demonstraram que o parafuso de cortical bovino foi incorporado entre um período de 30 a 60 dias sem reação periostal exuberante.
Digestibilidade in situ de cana de açúcar (Saccharum officinarum) nas formas natural ou ensilada, adicionadas ou não de uréia
Authors: Lucci Carlos De Sousa , Valvasori Edison , Capezzuto Adriana , Lopes Ricardo , Fontolan Valter , Buffarah Gilberto , Peixoto-Junior Kleber Da Cunha
Published: September 2016

Doze ovinos com cânulas de rúmen foram empregados para comparar seis tratamentos, dispostos em um arranjo fatorial 2 x 3: cana de açúcar nas formas fresca (CAF) ou ensilada (CAS) x teores de uréia iguais a 0,0%, 0,5% e 1,0%. Foram estimadas: taxas de degradabilidade efetiva (DGE) dos alimentos volumosos, concentrações de ácidos graxos voláteis(AGV) e de nitrogênio amoniacal (N-NH3) e valores de pH do conteúdo do rúmen, além de concentrações de N-uréico no sangue. As taxas de DGE da matéria seca (MS) mostraram-se semelhantes para CAF e CAS. A adição de teores crescentes de uréia às forragens resultou em diminuição linear da DGE da MS tanto da CAF como da CAS. No caso da CAS, a DGE da fibra em detergente neutro diminuiu linearmente com concentrações crescentes de uréia. Os valores de pH do conteúdo ruminal foram maiores para CAS em relação a CAF, mas não ocorreram diferenças devidas à adição de uréia. Os teores do conteúdo ruminal em total de AGV e os de ácido propiônico foram maiores para a CAF em relação a CAS; os de ácido acético, ao contrário, foram maiores para a CAS. Os teores de N-NH3 do conteúdo ruminal foram maiores para a CAS que para a CAF. Nos tratamentos com CAF e nos com CAS, as concentrações de N-NH3 no conteúdo ruminal e de N-uréico no sangue aumentaram linearmente com maiores adições de uréia. Concluiu-se que a adição de 0,5% e 1,0% uréia às forragens frescas ou ensiladas de cana-de-açucar não mostrou resultados satisfatórios e que CAF apresentou indícios de melhor qualidade nutricional que CAS.