bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Facebook Feeding Frenzy: Resistance-through-Distance and Resistance-through-Persistence in the Societied Network
Authors: Sanchez Andrés
Published: July 2018

This article presents a case study into the massive online demonstrations that occurred on Facebook (an online networking platform much like MySpace or Bebo) during Autumn/Winter of 2006 as a vibrant and contemporary example of resistance in action in the online domain. The demonstrations were carried out in response to the introduction of Facebook’s ‘News Feed’ and ‘Mini-Feed’ pages which greeted users upon signing in and presented a wealth of information about their friends and their online activities, seemingly without any form of privacy control. The pages even listed details of personal relationships and sexual orientations; both highly contentious issues. The response to this perceived intrusion on users’ privacy was staggering. Groups were set up overnight to pillory the Facebook News Feed, massive petitions that numbered hundreds of thousands were set up across international boundaries, online blogs and message boards became filled with incandescent comments.Eventually, Mark Zuckerberg (Facebook’s founder and himself a former Harvard student) was forced to issue a public apology and then amend the News Feed to allow users the opportunity to edit their privacy settings. No longer would such information be so publicly accessible. No longer would privacy be taken so lightly. The student body used the very means by which they were being surveilled (that is, the cyber-synoptic infrastructure of the Facebook network) to organize an internationally resistant movement to support their right to privacy. This confrontation provides an engrossing example of the World Wide Web being used as a powerful tool to mobilize many bodies against a perceived force of oppression and subjugation. This was a clear demonstration that the politics of surveillance (Haggerty 2006) and the politics of the self matter greatly in present climes; where issues of privacy and the sanctity of the virtual realm are never far from the headlines. As such, it provides an excellent empirical backdrop to a conceptual analysis of resistance-through-distance and resistance-through-persistence (Collinson 1994) in the virtual realm.
Putting Surveillance on the Political Agenda – A Short Defence of Surveillance, Citizens and the State
Authors: Raab Charles D. , Goold Benjamin J.
Published: July 2018

In February 2009 the House of Lords Constitutional Committee in the United Kingdom published the report Surveillance: Citizens and the State. Some have hailed this as a landmark document. Volume 6(3) of Surveillance & Society published 4 invited responses to this report written by prominent scholars. In the contribution below the two Specialist Advisers to this committee set the context for the report and provide a brief rejoinder to the four responses.
Interrogating Surveillance: The 50 Minute Hour
Authors: Knoetze Jan J , Meistre Brent
Published: July 2018

Psychological assessment, as conventionally understood, forms part of a tradition of investigative practice in psychology. The intake interview furthermore forms the cornerstone of this practice. The practice of psychology is often treated as though it consists only of logical and technical operations performed by "independent individual investigators on bits of the natural world" (Danziger, 1990, p. 4). Psychological assessment and particularly the intake interview, is often not regarded as "social practice" where it is acknowledged that the practitioner acts within a framework determined by the potential consumer of the product of their investigation. Furthermore, in an attempt to achieve scientific standardisation, it is often assumed that the process is divorced from the traditions of prevailing and acceptable practice. Seldom is it acknowledged that the mere format of the setting with its embedded power relations and the questions asked within this initial contact, only allows for a certain set of answers. The 50 Minute Hour consists of a series of three short video clips of approximately 3 minutes each. It attempts to expose the multi-layered surveillance complexes which constitute and construct the psychological interview and position the subject of interrogation. It challenges the notions around spatial arrangement of the assessment setting and discourses informed by (and not informing) pop-psychology. Through our surveillance of the intake interview our images attempt to ask questions about psychology as a ritual and self serving self-perpetuating practice.The clips can be viewed hereLink address: http://blip.tv/file/2930413
HOMEFRONT
Authors: Crandall Jordan
Published: July 2018

This is a script for the video piece, HOMEFRONT. A slideshow of stills from the piece accompanies this script and can be viewed at: http://www.flickr.com/photos/surveillance_and_society/sets/72157624083983201/show/
Anti-social behaviour and its surveillant inter-assemblage
Authors: Osmond Craig
Published: July 2018

This paper describes a recent initiative in NSW, Australia in the state government’s “fight against anti-social behaviour”. The Anti-Social Behaviour Pilot Project has developed a surveillance regime that exempts justice and human service public authorities from existing privacy laws so that these agencies can share risk intelligence about targeted young people for a more integrated and multi-agency intensive management of risk. A detailed account of the ensemble of statements that have shaped and made this highly politicised risk governance possible is outlined. The initiative seeks to establish a more flexible mode of surveillance capable of intervening into cases of persistent risks linked to the possibility of criminal offending and the risks of persistent offending that have both become linked to public safety. Two analytical frames are used to make sense of the project. Firstly, its nodal technique for integrating case management risk across governmental assemblages (police, health etc) is analysed as an exemplar of a post-panoptical surveillant inter-assemblage designed for the networked control of young people. Secondly, Agamben’s (1988, 2005) account of the state of exception is used to demonstrate how the project’s extra-legal administrative procedures for managing risks linked to “the public interest” establish a spatial arrangement for the control of young people based on decisions of exclusion that are paradoxically located inside and outside the law.
‘Wanna still nine hard?’: Exploring Mechanisms of Police Bias in the Translation and Interpretation of Wiretap Conversations
Authors: Nunn Samuel
Published: July 2018

Wiretaps permit police to intercept telephone conversations among targets of investigation, some of which are judged to be incriminating by those listening to the real-time conversations.  How is the information intercepted from wiretaps interpreted, understood, and used?  What is required to transform raw communications intercepts into evidence of probable cause?  Forensic linguists have studied transcripts of intercepted conversations, focusing on the wiretap entextualization process—that is, the ways in which intercepted conversations are classified as incriminating, and converted into evidence of crimes.  They hypothesize the wiretap entextualization process is prejudiced in favor of police theories of criminal actions.  This paper considers forensic linguists’ police bias arguments, and offers details into mechanisms that create police predispositions to interpret conversations intercepted under a wiretap order as crimes.  The analysis applies Shuy’s (2005) conversational strategies to create crime to nine conversations intercepted in a federal wiretap.  Transcripts are examined by comparing conversations with their police translations.  Findings suggest police bias is embedded deeply into wiretap operations, and that there are several means by which police preconceptions of crime undergird wiretap transcripts.
Surveillance and Alienation in the Online Economy
Authors: Andrejevic Mark B
Published: July 2018

The critical literature on commercial monitoring and so-called “free labor” (Terranova, 2000) locates exploitation in realms beyond the workplace proper, noting the productivity of networked activity including the creation of user-generated-content and the profitability of commercial sites for social networking and communication. The changing context of productivity in these realms, however, requires further development of a critical concept of exploitation. This article defines exploitation as the extraction of unpaid, coerced, and alienated labor. It considers how such a definition might apply to various forms of unpaid but profit-generating online activity, arguing that commercial monitoring redoubles the conscious, intentional activity of users in ways that render it amenable to a critique of exploitation. Given the role of commercial monitoring in the emerging online economy, the paper emphasizes the importance of supplementing privacy critiques with approaches that identify the ways in which new forms of surveillance represent a form of power that seeks to manage and control consumer behavior.
Digital Panopticism and organizational power
Authors: Taekke Jesper
Published: July 2018

With the focus on organizations, this article describes power in relation to mediated surveillance using Luhmann’s systems theory, poststructuralist theory and theory of media sociography. It aims to sketch out the main issues in contemporary surveillance discourse and illustrate the current situation, as well as discuss surveillance from the perspective of poststructuralist theory in relation to Luhmann’s concepts of trust, risk and especially power. The underlying media sociographical question is which storing-, retrieving-, localisation- and temporal possibilities for communication and surveillance do digital media provide and how the realization of this potential feeds back into organizations’ power structures.
Public-Private Partners Against Crime: Governance, Surveillance and the Limits of Corporate Accountability
Authors: Helgesson Karin Svedberg
Published: July 2018

Recent risk-based regulation on anti-money laundering emphasises the need for private business actors to be more actively engaged in preventative efforts. This proposed public-private partnership against crime raises important questions of how to balance values and interests as it situates business actors in an intricate position at the centre of conflicting claims and attributions. Based on an interview study of the banking industry in Sweden, this article analyses how surveillance for the state in relation to anti-money laundering is implemented into the business-as-usual of business actors. The findings support the initial assumption that the role of agent of the state is in conflict with the role of being an agent for private principals. However, a complementary tentative conclusion is that the demands of one principal could also be beneficial for promoting the interests of the other principal. Finally, it is suggested that making oneself more accountable may, in fact, be a means to limit corporate accountability.
Dear Voyeur, Meet Flâneur… Sincerely, Social Media
Authors: Boyd Danah
Published: July 2018

A Response to Colin Bennett's 'In Defence of Privacy'
The camera never lies, or does it? The dangers of taking CCTV surveillance at face value
Authors: Stedmon Alex
Published: July 2018

How many of us question what we’re shown via closed circuit television (CCTV) as being the truth of a situation?  Can clear and easily identifiable images be wrong?  And if they are, how can you argue against the power of the recorded image from a legal standpoint?  Can Human Factors help us improve surveillance for society?  In this real example of improper CCTV surveillance, can CCTV always be taken at face value?  The simple answer is no, but how many people accept what they’re shown without question and end up paying the penalties?  This paper examines a case study where all that appeared on the CCTV image was not as it seemed.  It then considers the underlying human factors issues of CCTV technologies for surveillance and the importance of understanding the fundamental human-machine interface.
Deviance and Control in Communities with Perfect Surveillance – The Case of Second Life
Authors: Wang Victoria , Haines Kevin , Tucker John V.
Published: July 2018

Advanced cybercommunities are communities in which perfect surveillance is possible – software tools allow everything to be observed, recorded, archived, pored over at a later date and acted upon. Hence, one expects that these surveillance technologies ought to be heavily used and effective in controlling deviance in these cybercommunities. Drawing on our research in the cybercommunity Second Life, we observe that surveillance technologies are not heavily used to deal with deviance; instead, it is the power of relationships that form the fabric of social control and the regulation of deviance. This discovery questions the effectiveness of technology as a regulator, both in Second Life and in the real world, as well as evidences the importance of social bond as a mediator of deviance.Key Words: deviance, surveillance technology, cybercommunities, control, social bond
Mobility, surveillance and control of children and young people in the everyday: perspectives from sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Porter Gina , Hampshire Kate , Munthali Alister , Robson Elsbeth
Published: July 2018

Surveillance of children and young people in non-Western contexts has received little attention in the literature.   In this paper we draw principally on our research in one African country, Malawi, to examine the ways in which their independent travel is shaped by  (usually adult-directed) surveillance and control in diverse urban and rural contexts.   Surveillance is interpreted very broadly, because our empirical data indicates a range of practices whereby a close watch is kept over children as they move around their community and travel out to other locations.  In some cases we suggest that surveillance of children and young people becomes internalized self-surveillance, such that no external social control is required to police their movements.Our evidence, from eight research sites, brings together a wide range of source material, including findings from intensive qualitative research with children and adults (in-depth interviews, accompanied walks, focus groups, life histories) and a follow-up questionnaire survey administered to children aged 7 - 18 years [N=1,003].  Although many of the children in our study attend school,  local economic circumstances in both urban and rural areas of  Malawi commonly require children’s participation from an early age in a much broader range of productive and reproductive work activities than is usual in Western contexts, with corresponding impact on daily patterns of movement.  Children may have to travel substantial distances for school, in support of family livelihoods, and for other purposes (including social events): the necessity for independent travel is common, and frequently raises concerns among parents and other adults in their communities such that surveillance is considered essential.  This is achieved principally by encouraging travel in groups of children. We show how young people’s independent travel  is mediated by (urban and rural) locational context, time of day, age and, in particular, by gender, and how adult efforts at surveillance may help shape resistances in the interstitial spaces which mobility itself provides.
Building Biometrics: Knowledge Construction in the Democratic Control of Surveillance Technology
Authors: Bright Jonathan
Published: July 2018

If surveillance technologies are to be democratically controlled, then knowledge of these technologies is required. What do they do? How do they work? What are the costs? Yet gaining this knowledge in the context of a new surveillance technology such as biometrics can be problematic, because no settled definition exists. Competing versions of biometrics appear in both public and governmental discourse on the technology: different ideas about how often it fails, where it can be used and even what it does. This paper is an exploration of how these different versions compete with each other, and how knowledge about a new surveillance technology such as biometrics is thus constructed. Through reference to original research in the context of the use of biometrics in the UK, points of stability and instability in the definition of biometrics are identified, and some of the processes through which instable definitions become stable are tracked. From this empirical story, conclusions are drawn both for the process of construction of the meaning of technologies, and the general practice of surveillance in modern society. In particular, this paper aims to show how notions such as democratic control (central to the legitimation of state surveillance) become problematic when the very meaning of a technology is negotiable.
‘Control Space?: Cinematic Representations of Surveillance Space between Discipline and Control’
Authors: Muir Lorna
Published: July 2018

Recent developments in surveillance practices and their related technologies suggest that the heretofore dominant Foucauldian paradigm of discipline, with its sites of confinement in which space is “segmented, immobile [and] frozen”, may no longer be an adequate theoretical framework in which to discuss space within surveillance studies (Foucault, 1995: 195). In his essay Postscript on Control Societies, Gilles Deleuze claims that these sites are in the midst of widespread breakdown, leading to a fundamental shift in the notion of space, characterised by the term ‘modulation’ (Deleuze, 1990: 178-179). In the control model, urban surveillance can be said to be characterised by an emphasis on the use of digital surveillance practices, leading to a view of urban space and the city, as well as its inhabitants, which largely resides within a computer mainframe. This raises the question: if the surveillance carried out within this conception of urban space can be described as concentrated, hidden, passive, functional, mobile, and varied, how can these changes be communicated cinematically since there is an obvious problem of representation; when much of the surveillance technology is computer and digital in form, how does cinema make visible the potentially invisible? In considering the question of how film engages with urban space between the paradigms of discipline and control, two cinematic views of the (informational) city will be discussed by considering three scenes from Erasing David (2009) and Minority Report (2002) in order to identify some of the cinematic strategies used in communicating contemporary surveillance practices increasingly characterised as invisible and immaterial.
Review of Robertson’s The Passport in America: The History of a Document
Authors: Staples William G.
Published: July 2018

Robertson, Craig. 2010. The Passport in America: The History of a Document. New York: Oxford University Press. 352pp. Paperback, $29.95 (US), ISBN-13: 978-0199733422.
Policing the Network: Using DPI for Copyright Enforcement
Authors: Mueller Milton , Kuehn Andreas , Santoso Stephanie Michelle
Published: July 2018

Deep Packet Inspection (DPI) and other network surveillance techniques have become important factors in the policy debate over online copyright infringement. These new technical capabilities reopened an old debate about the responsibility of internet service providers (ISPs) for policing the internet. This paper attempts to understand the extent to which new technological capabilities have the power to alter regulatory principles. It examines political conflict and negotiation over proposals to use DPI for online copyright enforcement in the EU and the USA, using a hybrid of actor-network theory from science, technology and society studies and actor-centered institutionalism in political science. It shows that while the technology disrupted a policy equilibrium, neither the EU nor the US applied DPI to copyright policing in a way that realized its radical potential. The key factor preventing such an integrated response was the disjunction between the interests of network operators and the interests of copyright holders.
Surveillance and Regulating Code: An Analysis of Graduated Response in France
Authors: Meyer Trisha , Van Audenhove Leo
Published: July 2018

This paper analyzes a recent policy initiative in France to deter copyright infringement. In 2009, France passed two laws aimed at fighting online piracy through graduated response, a warning and sanction system. Graduated response depends on surveillance of internet uses and encourages technological regulation (code), such as internet filtering and blocking. We analyze the rationales advocated for copyright and the internet and the argumentation for surveillance and technical protection measures. In the French debate on graduated response, much attention was given to the policy goal – reducing piracy, while the means of reaching the policy goal – surveillance and code, were rarely discussed. Graduated response deals with much more than copyright. It promotes informational control by copyright holders and contributes to the normalization of surveillance and to an increase of centralized control on the internet.
Idiopathic Cavernosal Abscess: An Uncommon Case Report
Authors: Simões de Oliveira Pedro , Ribeiro de Oliveira Tiago , Gaspar Sandro , Martinho David , Martins Francisco , Lopes Tomé
Published: July 2018

Cavernosal abscess is an uncommon condition. It can be idiopathic or with an underlying cause. Surgical drainage and systemic antibiotics remain the first line of treatment regarding long-term sequelae. The authors report a rare case of a 51-year-old man with a bilateral cavernosal abscess with no underlying cause. The patient was treated with surgical drainage and systemic antibiotics. Culture of pus was positive for Staphylococcus aureus. There were no sequelae at six-month follow-up.
SOLUBILITY ENHANCEMENT OF ARIPIPRAZOLE BY SOLID-SELF EMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS
Authors: Chennuri Amoolya , Prasanthi D.
Published: July 2018

Self-emulsifying drug delivery systems are a promising approach for the formulation of drug compounds with poor aqueous solubility. The main objective of this work was to formulate liquid and solid-self emulsifying drug delivery systems for poorly soluble aripiprazole. Aripiprazole is an atypical anti-psychotic drug used in the management of schizophrenia. The maximum solubility of aripiprazole was found in oleic acid (oil), Tween 80 (surfactant) and Transcutol P (co-surfactant). The L-SMEDDS were formulated in different ratios of oil: s-mix (surfactant: co-surfactant) from 1:9 to 9:1. For the formulation of stable SMEDDS, micro-emulsion region was identified by constructing pseudo-ternary phase diagram by phase titration method. The optimized F4 formulation was at the ratio of 4 (oil): 6 (s-mix). In-vitro drug release of F4 was significantly higher (99.89%) when compared to the pure drug (43.63%) in 1 hour. The F4 formulation had a droplet size of 115.9 nm and zeta potential of -24.9 mV. The pre-compression and post-compression parameters of the optimized S-SMEDDS formulation (SS1) containing Neusilin US2 as solid adsorbent were within the limits as per the official requirements of the Pharmacopoeia. SS1 formulation showed a better drug release (97% in 20 minutes) when compared to the marketed drug (59.75%) and pure drug (19.77%). In conclusion, this study illustrated that adsorption to solid carrier technique could be a useful method to prepare the solid SMEDDS tablets from liquid SMEDDS, which can enhance the solubility and improve the in-vitro drug release of aripiprazole.
DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF MULTILAYERED LAYERED MATRIX TABLETS OF WATER SOLUBLE DRUG
Authors: Shekhar Ravi , Sharma P.
Published: July 2018

A new approach to zero- order drug delivery that includes geometric factors is described. Systems such as multilayered tablets and other geometrically altered devices have been created to perform this function. The multi-layered matrix system overcomes inherent disadvantages of non-linearity associated with diffusion controlled matrix devices by providing additional release surface with time to compensate for the decreasing release rate. These formulations designed to deliver the drug at predetermined rate, maintain therapeutically effective concentrations in systemic circulation for prolonged period of time. Recently, pharmaceutical research has focused on controlled drug delivery offer definite advantages over conventional release formulation of the same drug. Controlled delivery systems that can provide zero-order drug delivery have the potential for maximizing efficacy while minimizing dose frequency and toxicity. In the present study, guar gum was used as hydrophilic matrix carrier for designing oral controlled drug delivery systems of highly soluble drug lamivudine. Three layered matrix tablets of lamivudine prepared by wet granulation technique were subjected for various evaluating parameters and optimized.
DEVELOPMENT AND IN VIVO EVALUATION OF LOVASTATIN LOADED TRANSDERMAL PRONIOSOMAL GEL BY DESIGN OF EXPERIMENT
Authors: Soujanya C. , Prakash P. Ravi
Published: July 2018

The objectives of the present study were to define effects on the hypercholesterolemia activity and pharmacokinetics of a novel transdermal proniosomal gel incorporating Lovastatin prepared by coacervation phase separation method. On the basis of the preliminary trials, a 3-factor, 3-level Box–Behnken design was employed to study the effect of Cholesterol, soya lecithin and Tween 80 on dependent variables (particle size, % entrapment efficiency, and % of drug release). Lovastatin optimized proniosomal formulation F1 shown better particle size and % entrapment efficiency and drug release of 99.49% within 24 h in slow and controlled manner when compared with control. The particle size and zeta potential of the optimized lovastatin proniosomal gel was found to be 138.82 nm and -11.4 mV respectively. Optimized batch of Proniosomes was used for the preparation of Lovastatin-based proniosomal hydrogel by incorporating hydrated Proniosomes to Carbopol matrix to enhance the stability and viscosity of the system. From in vivo studies the maximal concentrations (Cmax) of drug was significantly reduced while the areas under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) and t1/2 were evidently increased and extended. The results suggest that proniosomes can act as promising carrier which offers an alternative approach for transdermal delivery of Lovastatin. The study demonstrated the effectiveness of proniosomal preparation of Lovastatin for effective management of hypercholesterolemia to reduce risk of cardiovascular disease.
MICROWAVE ASSISTED SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SCHIFF BASE OF 2-AMINO BENZIMIDAZOLE
Authors: Shrivastava Garima , Shrivastava Manjul
Published: July 2018

New Schiff base (2-[(1H-benzimidazol-2-ylimino) methyl]-4,6- diiodophenol) was synthesized by the condensation of aryl/hetero aromatic aldehyde (3,5diiodosalicylaldehyde) with 2- amino benzimidazole under conventional and microwave conditions and characterized through IR, HNMR and Mass spectral data and CHN analysis.
DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ALGINATE MICROSPHERES CONTAINING OLMESARTAN BY IONOTROPIC GELATION METHOD
Authors: Kumar Kota Ravi , Suresh Gande
Published: July 2018

The present study was designed to formulate and evaluate the Olmesartan sodium alginate microspheres. Fourteen formulations batches of microspheres (S1-S14) were prepared by using ionotropic gelation method. Sodium alginate, calcium chloride, ethyl cellulose, HPMC K15M was selected in the formulations. The effect of polymer and cross-linking agent on particle size (68.18 ± 0.06), % yield (98.34%), entrapment efficiency (97.36%), and drug release were studied. From the evaluation parameters S11 was found to be optimized and the highest drug release 96.98 ± 5.28 with in 12 h in controlled manner when compared with other parameters. From release order kinetics the drug release from microspheres was followed zero order with anomalous Non fickian diffusion. The prepared microspheres compatibility studies and morphological studies were investigated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), found to be compatible with the polymers. Thus, Olmesartan microspheres could be the best choice in the effective management of hypertensive with better patient compliance for prolonged period of time.
DEVELOPMENT AND IN VIVO EVALUATION OF NELFINAVIR EXTENDED RELEASE TRILAYER MATRIX TABLETS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF AIDS
Authors: Nirmala Rangu , Suresh Gande
Published: July 2018

The purpose of this investigation was to design and develop trilayer matrix tablets of Nelfinavir prepared by direct compression method and consisted of middle active layer with different grades of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), PVK K 30 and MCC. Barrier layers are prepared with Polyox WSR 303, Xanthan gum, microcrystalline cellulose and magnesium stearate. Based on the evaluation parameters, drug dissolution profile and release drug kinetics DF8 was found to be optimized formulation. The developed drug delivery system provided prolonged drug release rates over a period of 24 h. The release profile of the optimized formulation (DF8) was described by the Zero-order and best fitted to Higuchi model. From in vivo bioavailability studies the extended release of Nelfinavir from trilayer matrix tablets also provides for higher plasma drug content and improved bioavailability. The results indicate that the approach used could lead to a successful development of low biological half life Nelfinavir with controlled drug release in the effective management of AIDS.
Boosted Gaussian Bayes Classifier and its application in bank credit scoring
Authors: Pizzo Anaïs , Teyssere Pascal , Vu-Hoang Long
Published: July 2018

With the explosion of computer science in the last decade, data banks and networksmanagement present a huge part of tomorrows problems. One of them is the development of the best classication method possible in order to exploit the data bases. In classication problems, a representative successful method of the probabilistic model is a Naïve Bayes classier. However, the Naïve Bayes effectiveness still needs to be upgraded. Indeed, Naïve Bayes ignores misclassied instances instead of using it to become an adaptive algorithm. Different works have presented solutions on using Boosting to improve the Gaussian Naïve Bayes algorithm by combining Naïve Bayes classier and Adaboost methods. But despite these works, the Boosted Gaussian Naïve Bayes algorithm is still neglected in the resolution of classication problems. One of the reasons could be the complexity of the implementation of the algorithm compared to a standard Gaussian Naïve Bayes. We present in this paper, one approach of a suitable solution with a pseudo-algorithm that uses Boosting and Gaussian Naïve Bayes principles having the lowest possible complexity. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Decreased Blood Flow in the Testis: Is it Testicular Torsion?
Authors: Forrest Allison , Brahmbhatt Akshaar , Dogra Vikram
Published: July 2018

The absence of blood flow in the testis on ultrasound examination is the gold standard for diagnosis of testicular torsion. This imaging finding is seen in the vast majority of patients with testicular torsion, except in patients with partial torsion. Patients with partial testicular torsion may have reversal of arterial diastolic flow on spectral Doppler, decreased amplitude of the spectral Doppler waveform (parvus tardus wave), or monophasic waveforms. However, it is important to consider that not all absence of blood flow or reversal of diastolic flow in testis represents testicular torsion, as other conditions may have a similar appearance, including rare detection of such a pattern in normal asymptomatic patients. Conditions that commonly mimic testicular torsion include incarcerated inguinal hernias and complications following hernia repair,thrombotic phenomena, vasculitis, complicated epididymo-orchitis, asymptomatic variants, and technical limitations of ultrasonography. It is important for a practicing radiologist to be familiar with such cases to avoid unnecessary surgical interventions.We present a pictorial essay of cases in which the absence of testicular blood flow on color flow Doppler or abnormal waveforms on spectral Doppler are identified, without the presence of testicular torsion.
AMPLIFIKASI PCR DOMAIN D1/D2 28S rDNA MENGGUNAKAN PRIMER ITS1 DAN ITS4 SAMPEL DNA DARI Candida tropicalis YANG DIISOLASI DENGAN METODE PENDINGINAN
Authors: Hermansyah Hermansyah , Sutami Novian , Miksusanti Miksusanti
Published: July 2018

The purpose of this research was to isolated DNA from the yeast C. tropicalis with freeze thawing method -200 C conducted on 3 colonies of C. tropicalis.  Each colony   threated variations of cooling, 3x15 minutes, 3x25 minutes and 3x35 minutes, to break the cell walls.  Subsequently all the samples amplified with 3 variations of PCR cycles, 15 cycles, 25 cycles and 35 cycles, after all of the samples isolated by freeze thawing method -200 C. Its was known that sample A15 has the smallest concentration of DNA yeast C. tropicalis, ie 50 µg/mL, while sample C35 had the largest concentration of DNA yeast C. tropicalis, ie 225 µg/mL. The result of the research indicated that the best condition can be reached in 3x35 minutes. On 35th cycle has clearer C. tropicalis DNA bands than the 25th and 15th PCR cycle. C. tropicalis DNA bands at 35th cycles there were 7 DNA bands were detected and bright bands on a long 35 minutes cooling. In the 25th and the 15th cycle, there was no DNA bands were detected in all samples. Based on the results obtained, the amplification process must be carried out at least 35 times cycles so that the C. tropicalis DNA bands can be detected.
Tailing miniSOG: Structural Bases of the Complex Photophysics of a Flavin-Binding Singlet Oxygen Photosensitizing Protein
Authors: Torra Joaquim , Lafaye Céline , Signor Luca , Aumonier Sylvain , Flors Cristina , Shu Xiaokun , Nonell Santi , Gotthard Guillaume , Royant Antoine
Published: July 2018

We have elucidated the molecular mechanism by which the photosensitizing protein miniSOG, initially a poor singlet oxygen generator, becomes an efficient singlet oxygen generator after prolonged blue-light irradiation and is a useful tool in correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM) experiments.
Ethos discursivo e produção de sentidos: representações de infâncias nos anúncios das organizações bancárias
Authors: Stocker Pâmela Caroline
Published: July 2018

Compreendendo a comunicação organizacional como produtora de sentidos e a publicidade como artefato cultural, este artigo tem como objetivo verificar as imagens de si ofertadas pelas organizações bancárias em seus anúncios que empregaram representações de infância. O corpus constitui-se de três anúncios que circularam no mês de outubro de 1989, 1998 e 2003 na revista Veja. O referencial metodológico compreende elementos do ethos discursivo, da semiose peirceana e da análise do discurso, desenvolvida por Verón (2004). Evidenciou-se nos anúncios-tipo denominados “amor incondicional” uma representação de infância clássica (obediente, meiga e ingênua) fundamental na constituição do ethos discursivo das organizações. É possível afirmar que o acionamento de representações infantis configura qualificada estratégia que colabora para a cristalização dos significados atribuídos a infância na sociedade e reforça o poder das organizações na constituição e compreensão dos fenômenos da cultura.
Os diversos usos de jogos olímpicos na imprensa carioca nas décadas de 1890 a 1910
Authors: Amaro Ribeiro Picoreli Montanha Fausto
Published: July 2018

Na entrada do século XX, os habitantes da cidade do Rio de Janeiro vivenciavam os jogos olímpicos em múltiplos contextos. Como os jornais da época anunciavam, esses eventos podiam ser assistidos em espaços culturais variados, tais como circo, teatro e cinema. As Olimpíadas do Comitê Olímpico Internacional também eram noticiadas, porém disputavam a atenção do leitor carioca com eventos “não-oficiais”, como os jogos olímpicos de Montevidéu, em 1907. O presente artigo explora a constituição de um campo olímpico na então capital do Brasil por meio da análise dos textos da mídia impressa carioca entre as décadas de 1890 e 1910.
Jornal das Senhoras – a interatividade no primeiro jornal feminino editado no Brasil
Authors: Reis Marco Aurélio , Cláudia Thomé
Published: July 2018

Os debates em torno da interatividade contemporânea dos leitores com os meios de comunicação fomentam a análise do presente artigo, que buscou no pioneiro semanário feminino Jornal das Senhoras (1852-1855) elementos de filiação dessa prática com os primórdios da imprensa no Brasil. Com a consulta facilitada pela digitalização das edições do periódico histórico pela Biblioteca Nacional, foi possível pinçar dados concretos da cultura participativa e de interatividade no jornal e analisá-los a partir da metodologia proposta por Luiz Gonzaga MOTTA (2013). Com isso, pode-se perceber a cultura participativa e a interatividade na chamada primeira fase do jornalismo brasileiro, bem como destacar as estratégias adotadas pelas pioneiras redatoras do Jornal das Senhoras para manter o semanário feminino vanguardista por quase quatro anos: jornalismo cidadão certificado pelas redatoras, jornalismo colaborativo com espaço cativo, linguagem direta e clara ao se dirigir ao público-alvo bem definido e linha editorial defendida nas páginas por redatoras e assinantes-colaboradoras.
“CINEMA INDEPENDENTE” NO BRASIL
Authors: SIMIS ANITA
Published: July 2018

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir o conceito de “cinema independente” ao longo do tempo e verificar se é possível fazer um cinema independente, autônomo, sem dinheiro público, sem recursos das leis de incentivo fiscal ou dos editais. A conclusão que chegamos é que para tanto é preciso ter um projeto de cinema que inclua a formação e a conquista de um mercado que possa desenvolver um cinema autossustentável.
Aspectos semánticos y metafísicos del debate meta-científico (P. Melogno y D. Pelegrin [comps.], Realismo, verdad y significado)
Authors: Guirado Matías Alejandro
Published: July 2018

Se hace una reseña de la compilación Realismo, verdad y significado. Se ponen de manifiesto los ejes temáticos de la compilación y se hace un estudio esquemático de cada uno de sus capítulos. El volumen aborda el tópico general de la justificación del conocimiento científico, esto es, las condiciones que deciden el estatus epistemológico de una teoría o práctica científica madura. Este abordaje conduce a sus autores a hacer un poco de metafísica, esto es, a discutir si acaso y hasta qué punto los postulados que orientan la investigación nos dicen algo fehaciente acerca de la estructura y composición del mundo en alguno de sus aspectos.
Putnam’s Internal Realism in Retrospect
Authors: Sankey Howard
Published: July 2018

Como es sabido, Putnam cambió de postura filosófica en varias ocasiones durante su

carrera. En este artículo reconsidero la postura del realismo interno que Putnam defendió

desde mediados de la década de 1970 hasta aproximadamente 1990. El artículo

comienza con una discusión de la postura que Putnam llamó “realismo metafísico”,

puesto que su realismo interno surgió de una crítica a esta. El artículo presenta brevemente,

a continuación, la perspectiva del realista interno como una que implica la concepción

epistémica de la verdad al igual que una perspectiva metafísica antirrealista en

la que los objetos dependen del esquema conceptual. El artículo aporta a continuación

una visión global de las objeciones clave al realismo interno que surgieron en el debate

resultante con los defensores del realismo. El artículo concluye con nuna breve consideración

de la relevancia de la adopción posterior por parte de Putnam de un teoría

de la percepción basada en el realismo directo, con respecto al problema del realismo.
A priori trascendental y a priori convencional. El intrincado camino de lo a priori de Kant a Putnam
Authors: Melogno Pablo
Published: July 2018

En diversos trabajos elaborados en los 60’s y 70’s, Putnam introdujo la noción de a

priori contextual, buscando dar cuenta de los principios que marcan los límites de la

experiencia posible al interior de un esquema conceptual. Para Putnam, dichos principios

se originan en la satisfacción de necesidades cognitivas específicas y no a estipulaciones

convencionales. Este trabajo examina la noción putnamiana de lo a priori

en relación a las propuestas de Poincaré, Reichenbach y Carnap, buscando establecer

en cada caso los puntos de convergencia con la concepción putnamiana, así como los

motivos que llevaron a Putnam a rechazar las lecturas convencionalistas del a priori. Se

defiende que la propuesta putnamiana constituye una rehabilitación del componente

trascendental del a priori kantiano, en cuanto para Putnam los principios a priori no

solo son constitutivos de los objetos, sino que fijan límites cognitivos que solo pueden

rebasarse en contextos de cambio conceptual.
ANALYSIS OF RISK FACTORS FOR THE LEUKEMIA PREVALENCE IN CATTLE IN THE FARMS OF NOVOSIBIRSK REGION
Authors: Dvoeglazov N. G. , Khramtsov V. V. , Agarkova T. A. , Osipova N. A.
Published: July 2018

The analysis was carried out on the severity of the epizootic situation on leukemia and the presence of risk factors for the prevalence of this infection in 67 farms of Novosibirsk region, unfavorable for leukemia. Ten risk factors which can be attributed to the exogenous category of factors (technological, iatrogenic) were chosen as the subject of this study. These risk factors can have the greatest impact on the severity of the epizootic process in leukemia infection. The qualitative and quantitative representations of risk factors in the farms were analyzed, the most frequently registered of them were determined. The correlation between individual risk factors and such indicators as the level of leukemia incidence in cows and the infection rate of cows and heifers was assessed. It was established that there is a correlation between the leukemia incidence in cows and the following factors: the use of calves from cows with hematological diseases (p < 0.001) for reproduction of the herd; the absence of regular monitoring of the serological status of cows for BLV-infection (p < 0.001); the lack of regular monitoring of the serological status of cows for leukemia (p < 0.001); the use of natural insemination (p < 0.001). It was also identifi ed that there is a correlation between infection of heifers and joint maintenance and grazing of cattle with different status for BLV-infection (p < 0.001).
INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGY OF SPRING WHEAT CULTIVATION ON THE SOIL SEED BANK OF WEEDS
Authors: Vlasenko N. G. , Vlasenko A. N. , Kulagin O. V.
Published: July 2018

The work presents the results of the comparative study of the soil seed bank of weeds at crop cultivation in 2 three-fi eld crop rotations (wheat-wheat-oats and wheat-wheat-cabbage crops) using traditional and No-Till technologies. The research was carried out on leached chernozem of central forest-steppe of Priobskiy agricultural landscape area. Before the stationary experiment was laid in 2008, the soil layer of 0-10 cm contained an average of 31800 weed seeds on 1 m2 , and in the layer of 11-20 cm their number was 21200 pieces. Among the 17 identifi ed species, the redroot amaranth dominated. After the fi rst year of crop vegetation, the weed seed bank has grown by 2.2 times with the traditional technology, and by 1.3 times with No-Till technology. By the beginning of the second crop rotation in 2011 in the soil layer of 0- 10 cm there was about the same number of weed seeds with either technology: 41250±2532 pieces/m2 . At the same time, it was noted that the share of bluegrass weeds increased to 25.5-32% with No-Till technology and up to 34.8-35.5% with the traditional one. After the third crop rotation in 2016, the soil seed bank decreased by 5.7 times compared to 2011 with the traditional technology, and by 8.1 times with No-Till technology. The share of bluegrass weeds increased to 67.8% and 47.8%, respectively. The data obtained confi rm that mechanical tillage, which facilitates embedding weed seeds in the soil, ensures their more active germination, further development and distribution. The absence of mechanical tillage, which excludes contact of weed seeds with the soil, as well as the systematic use of herbicides reduce the weed seeds supply in the soil bank with No-Till technology.
Вплив технологічних параметрів термообробки на характеристики порожньотілих перлітових мікрокульок
Authors: Kostogryz K.P. , Tsupyashuk A.M. , Khvastukhin Yu.I. , Roman S.M. , Kolesnik V.V.
Published: July 2018

Досліджено можливість отримувати порожньотілі мікрокульки з перліту різних родовищ світу. Досліджен ня проводились на зразках матеріалу п’яти родовищ. Визначено залежності характеристик порожньотілих мі крокульок від режимів їх термічної обробки у псевдозрідженому шарі, залежності коефіцієнту спучування від температури, фракційного складу матеріалу та кількості зв’язаної вологи у матеріалі. Наведено опис стендів для проведення досліджень, методики проведення експерименту, мікрофотографій отриманих мікрокульок. Пока зано, що попередня термообробка з метою регулювання зв’язаної залишкової вологи у матеріалі більш суттєво впливає на характеристики готового матеріалу, ніж температура спучування. Найбільший коефіцієнт спучування К = 18 досягнуто при спучуванні зразків матеріалу турецького родовища після попередньої його термообробки з метою зменшення зв’язаної вологи з 3,8 до 3,1 %.
Мікроструктура та властивості гарячештампованих алюмінієвих композитів з карбідовмісткою лігатурою та карбідом титану
Authors: Shishkina Yu.O. , Bagliuk G.A.
Published: July 2018

Методом гарячого штампування з використанням синтезованих лігатур системи Al-Ti-C отримані алюмо матричні композиційні матеріали з карбідовмісткою зміцнюючою фазою та карбідом титану, для порівняння їх фізико-механічних властивостей. Встановлено, що композити системи «Al-карбідовмістка лігатура» мають вищі значення твердості, границі міцності та текучості, а також мають абсолютну корозійну стійкість у 3,5 %-вому розчині NaCl. Проте, композити 85 % Al-15 % (TiC) зберігають досить високі значення пластичності - у два рази більші ніж для матеріалів з лігатурою системи Al-Ti-C. Триботехнічні випробування показали, що дослі джуванні матеріали у парі тертя зі сталю У10 зазнають значних пошкоджень у результаті реалізації адгезійного механізму зношування.