bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Responses of Cyanobacterial Crusts and Microbial Communities to Extreme Environments of the Stratosphere
Authors: Li Qi , Hu Chunxiang , Yang Haijian
Published: June 2022

How microbial communities respond to extreme conditions in the stratosphere remains unclear. To test this effect, cyanobacterial crusts collected from Tengger Desert were mounted to high balloons and briefly exposed (140 min) to high UV irradiation and low temperature in the stratosphere at an altitude of 32 km. Freezing and thawing treatments were simulated in the laboratory in terms of the temperature fluctuations during flight. Microbial community composition was characterized by sequencing at the level of DNA and RNA. After exposure to the stratosphere, the RNA relative abundances of Kallotenue and Longimicrobium increased by about 2-fold, while those of several dominant cyanobacteria genera changed slightly. The RNA relative abundances of various taxa declined after freezing, but increased after thawing, whereas cyanobacteria exhibited an opposite change trend. The DNA and RNA relative abundances of Nitrososphaeraceae were increased by 1.4~2.3-fold after exposure to the stratosphere or freezing. Exposure to stratospheric environmental conditions had little impact on the total antioxidant capacity, photosynthetic pigment content, and photosynthetic rate, but significantly increased the content of exopolysaccharides by 16%. The three treatments (stratospheric exposure, freezing, and thawing) increased significantly the activities of N-acetyl-β-D-glucosidase (26~30%) and β-glucosidase (14~126%). Our results indicated cyanobacterial crust communities can tolerate exposure to the stratosphere. In the defense process, extracellular organic carbon degradation and transformation play an important role. This study makes the first attempt to explore the response of microbial communities of cyanobacterial crusts to a Mars-like stratospheric extreme environment, which provides a new perspective for studying the space biology of earth communities.
Searching Mass-Balance Analysis to Find the Composition of Martian Blueberries
Authors: Olsen Rif Miles
Published: June 2022

Between 2004 and 2018, NASA’s rover Opportunity found huge numbers of small, hematite-rich spherules (commonly called blueberries) on the Meridiani Planum of Mars. The standard oxide composition distributions of blueberries have remained poorly constrained, with previous published analyses leaving hematite content somewhere in the broad range of 24–100 wt%. A searching mass-balance analysis is introduced and applied to constrain possible standard oxide composition distributions of blueberries consistent with the non-detection of silicates in blueberries by Opportunity’s instruments. This analysis found three groups of complete solution sets among the mass-balance ions consistent with the non-detection of silicates; although, a simple extension of the analysis indicates that one larger space of solutions incorporates all three groups of solutions. Enforcing consistency with the non-detection of silicates in blueberries constrains the hematite content in most of blueberry samples to between 79.5 and 99.85 wt%. A feature of the largest group of complete solution sets is that five oxides/elements, MgO, P2O5, Na2O, SO3, and Cl, collectively have a summed weight percentage that averages close to 6 wt%, while the weight percentage of nickel is close to 0.3 wt% in all solutions. Searches over multidimensional spaces of filtering composition distributions of basaltic and dusty soils were a methodological advance.
Structure, Spectra and Photochemistry of 2-Amino-4-Methylthiazole: FTIR Matrix Isolation and Theoretical Studies
Authors: Pagacz-Kostrzewa Magdalena , Bumażnik Daria , Coussan Stéphane , Sałdyka Magdalena
Published: June 2022

The structure, tautomerization pathways, vibrational spectra, and photochemistry of 2-amino-4-methylthiazole (AMT) molecule were studied by matrix isolation FTIR spectroscopy and DFT calculations undertaken at the B3LYP/6-311++G(3df,3pd) level of theory. The most stable tautomer with the five-membered ring stabilized by two double C=C and C=N bonds, was detected in argon matrices after deposition. When the AMT/Ar matrices were exposed to 265 nm selective irradiation, three main photoproducts, N-(1-sulfanylprop-1-en-2-yl)carbodiimide (fp1), N-(1-thioxopropan-2-yl)carbodiimide (fp2) and N-(2-methylthiiran-2-yl)carbodiimide (fp3), were photoproduced by a cleavage of the CS–CN bond together with hydrogen atom migration. The minor photoreaction caused by the cleavage of the CS–CC bond and followed by hydrogen migration formed 2-methyl-1H-azirene-1-carbimidothioic acid (fp15). We have also found that cleavage of the CS–CN bond followed by disruption of the N–C bond produced cyanamide (fp11) and the C(CH3)=CH–S biradical that transformed into 2-methylthiirene (fp12) and further photoreactions produced 1-propyne-1-thiole (fp13) or methylthioketene (fp14). Cleavage of the CS–CC bond followed by disruption of the N–C bond produced propyne (fp22) and the S–C(NH2)=N biradical that transformed into 3-aminethiazirene (fp23); further photoreactions produced N-sulfanylcarbodiimide (fp25). As a result of these transformations, several molecular complexes were identified as photoproducts besides new molecules in the AMT photolysis process.
Discovery of Novel Quinazoline Derivatives as Potent Antitumor Agents
Authors: Niu Zhenxi , Ma Shuli , Zhang Lei , Liu Qibing , Zhang Shengnan
Published: June 2022

In this work, we designed and synthesized a novel series of quinazoline derivatives 6–19 and then evaluated their broad-spectrum antitumor activity against MGC-803, MCF-7, PC-9, A549, and H1975, respectively. Most of them demonstrated low micromolar cytotoxicity towards five tested cell lines. In particular, compound 18 exhibited nanomolar level inhibitory activity against MGC-803 cells with an IC50 value of 0.85 μM, indicating approximately a 32-fold selectivity against GES-1 (IC50 = 26.75 μM). Further preclinical evaluation showed that compound 18 remarkably inhibited the migration of MGC-803 cells, induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M, and induced MGC-803 apoptosis, resulting in decreasing the expression of both Bcl-2 and Mcl-1, and up-regulating the expression of both Bax and cleaved PARP. No death or obvious pathological damage was observed in mice by acute toxicity assay. The in vivo antitumor evaluation suggested that compound 18 significantly decreased the average tumor volume and tumor weight without any effect on body weight, which is better than 5-Fu. Therefore, compound 18 can be used as a lead compound for the further development of antitumor drugs in the future.
Self-Assembled pH-Responsive Metal-Organic Frameworks for Enhancing the Encapsulation and Anti-Oxidation and Melanogenesis Inhibition Activities of Glabridin
Authors: Chen Liang , Liu Zexun , Zhao Xinying , Liu Linying , Xin Xiulan , Liang Hao
Published: June 2022

Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are formed by self-assembly of metal ions and organic ligands. A special type of MOF called ZIF-8, which is formed by self-assembly of zinc ions and 2-methylimidazole, shows excellent stability in aqueous solutions and disintegrates under acidic conditions. These properties make ZIF-8 a suitable carrier material for pH-stimulated drug delivery systems. Glabridin is an isoflavane compound that is widely present in the roots of licorice. Because of its outstanding skin whitening properties, glabridin is widely used as a whitener in the cosmetics industry. In this study, ZIF-8 was employed to encapsulate glabridin. Glabridin-loaded ZIF-8 was successfully prepared with a drug encapsulation efficiency of 98.67%. The prepared sample showed a fusiform or cruciate flower-like structure, and its size was about 3 μm. ZIF-8 enabled pH-controlled release of glabridin. Moreover, ZIF-8 encapsulation significantly enhanced the intracellular anti-oxidant activity and melanogenesis inhibitory activity of glabridin. This study provides a new approach that shows great potential to improve the biological application of glabridin.
Conjugates of Iron-Transporting N-Hydroxylactams with Ciprofloxacin
Authors: Bakulina Olga , Bannykh Anton , Levashova Ekaterina , Krasavin Mikhail
Published: June 2022

Screening of a library of novel N-hydroxylactams amenable by the Castagnoli-Cushman reaction identified four lead compounds that facilitated 55Fe transport into P. aeruginosa cells (one of these synthetic siderophores was found to be as efficient at promoting iron uptake as the natural siderophores pyoverdine, pyochelin or enterobactin). Conjugates of the four lead siderophores with ciprofloxacin were tested for antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa POA1 (wild type) and the ∆pvdF∆pchA mutant strain. The antibacterial activity was found to be pronounced against the ∆pvdF∆pchA mutant strain grown in CAA medium but not for the POA1 strain. This may be indicative of these compounds being ‘Trojan horse’ antibiotics. Further scrutiny of the mechanism of the antibacterial action of the newly developed conjugates is warranted.
Molecular-Targeted Therapy of Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Obszański Piotr , Kozłowska Anna , Wańcowiat Jakub , Twardowska Julia , Lejman Monika , Zawitkowska Joanna
Published: June 2022

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) accounts for approximately 15–20% of all childhood leukemia cases. The overall survival of children with acute myeloid leukemia does not exceed 82%, and the 5-year event-free survival rates range from 46% to 69%. Such suboptimal outcomes are the result of numerous mutations and epigenetic changes occurring in this disease that adversely affect the susceptibility to treatment and relapse rate. We describe various molecular-targeted therapies that have been developed in recent years to meet these challenges and were or are currently being studied in clinical trials. First introduced in adult AML, novel forms of treatment are slowly beginning to change the therapeutic approach to pediatric AML. Despite promising results of clinical trials investigating new drugs, further clinical studies involving greater numbers of pediatric patients are still needed to improve the outcomes in childhood AML.
Feasibility of Defatted Juice from Sea-Buckthorn Berries (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) as a Wheat Beer Enhancer
Authors: Belcar Justyna , Gorzelany Józef
Published: June 2022

Juice made from sea-buckthorn berries (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) is a valuable source of bioactive compounds, vitamins, as well as micro- and macronutrients. By applying defatted sea-buckthorn juice, it is possible to enhance wheat beer and change its sensory properties and the contents of bioactive compounds in the finished product. A sensory assessment showed that wheat beers with a 5% v/v addition of sea-buckthorn juice were characterised by a balanced taste and aroma (overall impression). Physicochemical analyses showed that, compared to the control samples, wheat beers enhanced with defatted sea-buckthorn juice at a rate of 5% v/v or 10% v/v had high total acidity with respective mean values of 5.30 and 6.88 (0.1 M NaOH/100 mL), energy values lower on average by 4.04% and 8.35%, respective polyphenol contents of 274.1 mg GAE/L and 249.7 mg GAE/L, as well as higher antioxidant activity (measured using DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS assays). The findings show that the samples of wheat beer enhanced with sea-buckthorn juice had average ascorbic acid contents of 2.5 and 4.5 mg/100 mL (in samples with 5% v/v and 10% v/v additions, respectively) and contained flavone glycosides, e.g., kaempferol-3-O-glucuronide-7-O-hexoside. Based on the current findings, it can be concluded that wheat beer enhanced with sea-buckthorn juice could emerge as a new trend in the brewing industry.
Anion-Sensing Properties of Cyclopentaphenylalanine
Authors: Petters Ivan , Modrušan Matija , Vidović Nikolina , Crnolatac Ivo , Cindro Nikola , Piantanida Ivo , Speranza Giovanna , Horvat Gordan , Tomišić Vladislav
Published: June 2022

Cyclic pentaphenylalanine was studied as an efficient anion sensor for halides, thiocyanate and oxoanions in acetonitrile and methanol. Stability constants of the corresponding complexes were determined by means of fluorimetric, spectrophotometric, 1H NMR, and microcalorimetric titrations. A detailed structural overview of receptor–anion complexes was obtained by classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The results of 1H NMR and MD studies indicated that the bound anions were coordinated by the amide groups of cyclopeptide, as expected. Circular dichroism (CD) titrations were also carried out in acetonitrile. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of the detection of anion binding by cyclopeptide using CD spectroscopy. The CD spectra were calculated from the structures obtained by MD simulations and were qualitatively in agreement with the experimental data. The stoichiometry of almost all complexes was 1:1 (receptor:anion), except for dihydrogen phosphate where the binding of dihydrogen phosphate dimer was observed in acetonitrile. The affinity of the cyclopeptide receptor was correlated with the structure of anion coordination sphere, as well as with the solvation properties of the examined solvents.
Simultaneous Estimation of Two Coupled Hydrogen Bond Geometries from Pairs of Entangled NMR Parameters: The Test Case of 4-Hydroxypyridine Anion
Authors: Tupikina Elena Yu. , Sigalov Mark V. , Tolstoy Peter M.
Published: June 2022

The computational method for estimating the geometry of two coupled hydrogen bonds with geometries close to linear using a pair of spectral NMR parameters was proposed. The method was developed based on the quantum-chemical investigation of 61 complexes with two hydrogen bonds formed by oxygen and nitrogen atoms of the 4-hydroxypyridine anion with OH groups of substituted methanols. The main idea of the method is as follows: from the NMR chemical shifts of nuclei of atoms forming the 4-hydroxylpyridine anion, we select such pairs, whose values can be used for simultaneous determination of the geometry of two hydrogen bonds, despite the fact that every NMR parameter is sensitive to the geometry of each of the hydrogen bonds. For these parameters, two-dimensional maps of dependencies of NMR chemical shifts on interatomic distances in two hydrogen bonds were constructed. It is shown that, in addition to chemical shifts of the nitrogen atom and quaternary carbon, which are experimentally difficult to obtain, chemical shifts of the carbons and protons of the CH groups can be used. The performance of the proposed method was evaluated computationally as well on three additional complexes with substituted alcohols. It was found that, for all considered cases, hydrogen bond geometries estimated using two-dimensional correlations differed from those directly calculated by quantum-chemical methods by not more than 0.04 Å.
Influence of Farming System and Forecrops of Spring Wheat on Protein Content in the Grain and the Physicochemical Properties of Unsonicated and Sonicated Gluten
Authors: Tomczyńska-Mleko Marta , Kwiatkowski Cezary Andrzej , Harasim Elżbieta , Leśniowska-Nowak Justyna , Mleko Stanisław , Terpiłowski Konrad , Pérez-Huertas Salvador , Klikocka-Wiśniewska Olimpia
Published: June 2022

The potential for enhancing the spring wheat protein content by different cultivation strategies was explored. The influence of ultrasound on the surface and rheological properties of wheat-gluten was also studied. Spring wheat was cultivated over the period of 2018–2020 using two farming systems (conventional and organic) and five forecrops (sugar beet, spring barley, red clover, winter wheat, or oat). The obtained gluten was sonicated using the ultrasonic scrubber. For all organically grown wheat, the protein content was higher than for the conventional one. There was no correlation between the rheological properties of gluten and the protein content in the grain. Gluten derived from organically grown wheat was more elastic than those derived from the conventional one. Sonication enhanced the elasticity of gluten. The sonication effect was influenced by the forecrops. The most elastic gluten after sonication was found for organic barley and sugar beet. The lowest values of tan (delta) were noted for conventional wheat and conventional oat. Cultivation in the monoculture gave gluten with a smaller susceptibility to increase elasticity after sonic treatment. Sonication promoted the cross-linking of protein molecules and induced a more hydrophobic character, which was confirmed by an increment in contact angles (CAs). Most of the organically grown wheat samples showed a lower CA than the conventional ones, which indicated a less hydrophobic character. The gluten surface became rougher with the sonication, regardless of the farming system and applied forecrops. Sonication treatment of gluten proteins rearranged the intermolecular linkages, especially disulfide and hydrophobic bonds, leading to changes in their surface morphology.
Detecting the Subtle Photo-Responsive Conformational Bistability of Monomeric Azobenzene Functionalized Keggin Polyoxometalates by Using Ion-Mobility Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Qi Bo , Jiang Luran , An Sai , Chen Wei , Song Yu-Fei
Published: June 2022

Accurately characterizing the conformational variation of novel molecular assemblies is important but often ignored due to limited characterization methods. Herein, we reported the use of ion-mobility mass spectrometry (IMS/MS) to investigate the conformational changes of four azobenzene covalently functionalized Keggin hybrids (azo-Keggins, compounds 1–4). The as-prepared azo-Keggins showed the general molecular formula of [C16H36N]4[SiW11O40(Si(CH2)3NH–CO(CH2)nO–C6H4N=NC6H4–R)2] (R = H, n = 0 (1); R = NO2, n = 0 (2); R = H, n = 5 (3); R = H, n = 10 (4)). The resultant azo-Keggins maintained stable monomeric states in the gas phase with intact molecular structures. Furthermore, the subtle photo-responsive trans-cis conformational variations of azo-Keggins were clearly revealed by the molecular shape-related collision cross-section value difference ranging from 2.44 Å2 to 6.91 Å2. The longer the alkyl chains linkers were, the larger the conformational variation was. Moreover, for compounds 1 and 2, higher stability in trans-conformation can be observed, while for compounds 3 and 4, bistability can be achieved for both of them.
AddictedChem: A Data-Driven Integrated Platform for New Psychoactive Substance Identification
Authors: Han Mengying , Liu Sheng , Zhang Dachuan , Zhang Rui , Liu Dongliang , Xing Huadong , Sun Dandan , Gong Linlin , Cai Pengli , Tu Weizhong , Chen Junni , Hu Qian-Nan
Published: June 2022

The mechanisms underlying drug addiction remain nebulous. Furthermore, new psychoactive substances (NPS) are being developed to circumvent legal control; hence, rapid NPS identification is urgently needed. Here, we present the construction of the comprehensive database of controlled substances, AddictedChem. This database integrates the following information on controlled substances from the US Drug Enforcement Administration: physical and chemical characteristics; classified literature by Medical Subject Headings terms and target binding data; absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity; and related genes, pathways, and bioassays. We created 29 predictive models for NPS identification using five machine learning algorithms and seven molecular descriptors. The best performing models achieved a balanced accuracy (BA) of 0.940 with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.986 for the test set and a BA of 0.919 and an AUC of 0.968 for the external validation set, which were subsequently used to identify potential NPS with a consensus strategy. Concurrently, a chemical space that included the properties of vectorised addictive compounds was constructed and integrated with AddictedChem, illustrating the principle of diversely existing NPS from a macro perspective. Based on these potential applications, AddictedChem could be considered a highly promising tool for NPS identification and evaluation.
Self-Templating Synthesis of N/P/Fe Co-Doped 3D Porous Carbon for Oxygen Reduction Reaction Electrocatalysts in Alkaline Media
Authors: Rong Yan , Huang Siping
Published: June 2022

The development of low-cost, highly active, and stable oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts is of great importance for practical applications in numerous energy conversion devices. Herein, iron/nitrogen/phosphorus co-doped carbon electrocatalysts (NPFe-C) with multistage porous structure were synthesized by the self-template method using melamine, phytic acid and ferric trichloride as precursors. In an alkaline system, the ORR half-wave potential is 0.867 V (vs. RHE), comparable to that of platinum-based catalysts. It is noteworthy that NPFe-C performs better than the commercial Pt/C catalyst in terms of power density and specific capacity. Its unique structure and the feature of heteroatom doping endow the catalyst with higher mass transfer ability and abundant available active sites, and the improved performance can be attributed to the following aspects: (1) Fe-, N-, and P triple doping created abundant active sites, contributing to the higher intrinsic activity of catalysts. (2) Phytic acid was crosslinked with melamine to form hydrogel, and its carbonized products have high specific surface area, which is beneficial for a large number of active sites to be exposed at the reaction interface. (3) The porous three-dimensional carbon network facilitates the transfer of reactants/intermediates/products and electric charge. Therefore, Fe/N/P Co-doped 3D porous carbon materials prepared by a facile and scalable pyrolysis route exhibit potential in the field of energy conversion/storage.
Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Food Pantry Use and Barriers in Massachusetts during the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Marriott James P. , Fiechtner Lauren , Birk Nick W. , Taitelbaum Daniel , Odoms-Young Angela , Wilson Norbert L. , Clay Lauren A. , Zack Rachel M.
Published: June 2022

This study sought to describe racial disparities in food insecurity, food pantry use, and barriers to and experiences with food pantries during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. We surveyed 2928 adults in Massachusetts regarding food access in the year before and during the first year of the pandemic. Weighted multivariable logistic regression models assessed racial differences in barriers to and experiences with pantry use during the pandemic. Black and Latino adults experienced the highest prevalence of food insecurity and pantry use. Additionally, Black and Latino adults reported more barriers to, but less stigma around, pantry use compared to White adults. Latino adults were less likely to know about pantry hours/locations and encounter staff who spoke their language. Black and Latino adults were also more likely to find pantry hours/locations inconvenient and have difficulty with transportation. The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in increased food insecurity, and food access inequities persisted. Programmatic policies to improve pantry access in communities of color could include increasing the hours/days that pantries are open, increasing bilingual staff, providing transportation or delivery, and creating multilingual public awareness campaigns on how to locate pantries.
Assessment of Food Safety Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Food Service Staff in Bangladeshi Hospitals: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Al Banna Md. Hasan , Khan Md Shafiqul Islam , Rezyona Humayra , Seidu Abdul-Aziz , Abid Mohammad Tazrian , Ara Tasnu , Kundu Satyajit , Ahinkorah Bright Opoku , Hagan, Jr. John Elvis , Tareq Md. Abu , Begum Musammet Rasheda , Chowdhury Mohammad Faizul Tawhid , Schack Thomas
Published: June 2022

Food safety knowledge, attitudes and practices among hospital food service staff are crucial in the prevention of foodborne disease outbreaks, as hospitalized patients are more vulnerable to potential hazards. This study, therefore, sought to assess the food safety knowledge, attitudes and practices of food service staff in Bangladeshi hospitals. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 191 food service staff from seven different hospitals in Dhaka and Chattogram from October 2021 to March 2022 using pretested questionnaires. Multiple linear regression was used to identify the factors associated with the food safety knowledge, attitudes and practices. The findings showed moderate knowledge but high levels of attitudes and practices of food safety among hospital food handlers. Food safety knowledge was significantly higher among males, participants from private hospitals and participants working in a hospital that had a food service supervisor and dietitian in charge of food service operations. Moreover, participants from private hospitals and participants working in a hospital that had a food service supervisor and dietitian in charge of food service operations had more positive attitudes and better practices regarding food safety. Hospital management should consider these factors for enhancing food handlers’ knowledge and increase training and supervision on food safety practices to reduce foodborne diseases and outbreaks.
Maternal One-Carbon Supplement Reduced the Risk of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Male Offspring
Authors: Peng Hui , Xu Huiting , Wu Jie , Li Jiangyuan , Wang Xian , Liu Zhimin , Kim Minjee , Jeon Minsun S. , Zhang Ke K. , Xie Linglin
Published: June 2022

Recent studies have suggested that prevention of obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) should start with maternal dietary management. We previously reported disrupted methionine cycle, associated with NAFLD, in male offspring liver due to maternal high-fat (HF) diet, thus we hypothesize that maternal one-carbon supplement may reduce the risk of NAFLD in offspring via the normalizing methionine cycle. To test it, female mice (F0) were exposed to either a maternal normal-fat diet (NF group) a maternal HF diet (HF group), or a maternal methyl donor supplement (H1S or H2S group) during gestation and lactation. The offspring male mice (F1) were exposed to a postweaning HF diet to promote NAFLD. While the HF offspring displayed obesity, glucose intolerance and hepatic steatosis, the H1S and H2S offspring avoided hepatic steatosis. This phenotype was associated with the normalization of the methionine cycle and the restoration of L-carnitine and AMPK activity. Furthermore, maternal HF diet induced epigenetic regulation of important genes involved in fatty acid oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation via DNA methylation modifications, which were recovered by maternal one-carbon supplementation. Our study provides evidence that maternal one-carbon supplement can reverse/block the adverse effects of maternal HF diet on promoting offspring NAFLD, suggesting a potential nutritional strategy that is administered to mothers to prevent NAFLD in the offspring.
An Approach to the Automatic Construction of a Road Accident Scheme Using UAV and Deep Learning Methods
Authors: Saveliev Anton , Lebedeva Valeriia , Lebedev Igor , Uzdiaev Mikhail
Published: June 2022

Recreating a road traffic accident scheme is a task of current importance. There are several main problems when drawing up a plan of accident: a long-term collection of all information about an accident, inaccuracies, and errors during manual data fixation. All these disadvantages affect further decision-making during a detailed analysis of an accident. The purpose of this work is to automate the entire process of operational reconstruction of an accident site to ensure high accuracy of measuring the distances of the relative location of objects on the sites. First the operator marks the area of a road accident and the UAV scans and collects data on this area. We constructed a three-dimensional scene of an accident. Then, on the three-dimensional scene, objects of interest are segmented using a deep learning model SWideRNet with Axial Attention. Based on the marked-up data and image Transformation method, a two-dimensional road accident scheme is constructed. The scheme contains the relative location of segmented objects between which the distance is calculated. We used the Intersection over Union (IoU) metric to assess the accuracy of the segmentation of the reconstructed objects. We used the Mean Absolute Error to evaluate the accuracy of automatic distance measurement. The obtained distance error values are small (0.142 ± 0.023 m), with relatively high results for the reconstructed objects’ segmentation (IoU = 0.771 in average). Therefore, it makes it possible to judge the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Correction: Briggs, D.J.; Moore, S.M. The Route of Administration of Rabies Vaccines: Comparing the Data. Viruses 2021, 13, 1252
Authors: Briggs Deborah J. , Moore Susan M.
Published: June 2022

The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [...]
PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT DESA TANJUNG PAKIS AJI MELALUI KEGIATAN SOSIALISASI PENGEMASAN DAN PEMASASRAN GULA AREN
Authors: Ratih Ratih Ratih , Yasmiatun Yasmiatun , Sari Zuliana Dwi Ratna , Afrianingsih Anita , Farida Yushinta Eka
Published: June 2022

The Community Service Program was carried out in Tanjung Pakis Aji Jepara Village by selecting palm sugar partners. Based on the observations that we have done, there are several priority problems to be resolved in this KKN program, namely the limitations of palm sugar, palm sugar printing and packaging that is too simple, marketing that is only done traditionally, and there is no product identity. In this activity we provide several solutions to problems that exist in partners, including 1) innovating palm sugar molds which were originally round into a more economical shape for easy packaging. 2) in terms of packaging, it is packed using plastic with a weight of 250 grams and 500 grams. 3) put a label on the package. 4) marketing palm sugar through social media so that palm sugar can be known to the wider community. The purpose of service in palm sugar partners is to help find solutions to problems that exist in partners. In addition, to improve student skills in solving problems in society.
Generasi Sehat Tanpa Rokok: Wujudkan Kawasan Tanpa Rokok RW 01 Kelurahan Paledang Kota Bandung
Authors: Kurniawati Ratna Dian
Published: June 2022

Merokok merupakan kondisi yang memberikan dampak kesehatan baik pada perokok aktif maupun perokok pasif. Terlebih pada masa pandemi COVID-19, merokok dapat mengganggu sistem kekebalan tubuh. Menciptakan Kawasan Tanpa Rokok (KTR) merupakan salah satu upaya menekan dampak buruk dari rokok. Kawasan Tanpa Rokok diharapkan dapat menjadi faktor pendukung meningkatkan imunitas. Mengupayakan KTR bukan tanggung jawab individu ataupun pemerintah saja melainkan upaya kolaboratif bersama melalui pemberdayaan masyarajat yang dapat meningkatkan cakupan KTR. Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan peran serta masyarakat melalui peningkatan pengetahuan dan pemahaman masyarakat dalam mengupayakan perwujudan KTR sebagai upaya meningkatkan derajat kesehatan masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan melalui survey awal, focus group discussion, diseminasi dan evaluasi. Target dan sasaran adalah warga RW 01 Kelurahan Paledang Kota Bandung. Hasilnya adalah kegiatan dapat dilaksanakan dengan baik dimana tahapan metode tercapai dengan kondisi masyarakat yng sangat antusiaisme mengikuti kegiatan walaupun dengan segala keterbatasan di masa pandemi. Saran yang diajukan adalah adanya keberlanjutan dalam upaya mewujudkan KTR melalui kerjasama lintas sektor dan lintas program serta perluasan cakupan KTR di Kelurahan Paledang.
İbn Rüşd’de Müşterek Lafız Teorisi ve İlahi Sıfatlar
Authors: KARADENİZ İrfan , KARAMAN Hüseyin
Published: June 2022

Felsefe ve mantık ilişkisi klasik felsefede lazım-melzum ilişkisi içerisinde ele alınmış ve biri olmaksızın diğerinin varlığı yadsınmıştır. Bu kadar güçlü bir ilişki kurulmasına rağmen filozofların metinlerinde mantık ilminin konu, kavram ve meselelerinin çoğu zaman zımnî bir şekilde yer aldığı görülür. Bu çalışmada mantık ilminin kelâmî ve felsefî bir mesele olan sıfatlar tartışmasında nasıl bir rol oynadığı konusu ele alınmıştır. Letâif-i kelamdan kabul edilen tevhid konusunun alt bir meselesi olarak ilahi sıfatlar, farklı boyutlarıyla İslam düşüncesinde sayısız düşünür tarafından ele alınıp tartışılmıştır. İbn Rüşd de kendisinden önceki geleneğin tartıştığı bu meseleye bigane kalamamış ve yeni bir düzlemde, farklı bir yaklaşımla konuyu incelemiştir. Bu çalışmada İbn Rüşd’ün sıfatlar tartışmasına dair yaptığı okuma biçimi sadece müşterek lafız teorisi ile sınırlandırılmıştır. Nitekim bu yolla mantık ve felsefe ilişkisinin birbirinden kopmayan iki cüz oldukları gösterildiği gibi İbn Rüşd’ün sıfatlar bahsinde kendine özgü mantık temelli bir yaklaşımı savunduğu iddia edilmiştir. Nihai olarak İbn Rüşd’ün ilahi sıfatlar bahsinde örtük bir şekilde kullandığı mantık kavramlarına işaret edilmiştir.
PENGARUH BAURAN PROMOSI TERHADAP PROSES KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN GOFOOD DI KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Hasbi Imanuddin , Lestari Maya Alda
Published: June 2022

Currently the GoFood food delivery service application is very helpful for consumers, so this food delivery service is a solution in fulfilling these needs. GoFood needs to carry out various promotional strategies to be superior to its competitors who are actively promoting. This study aims to determine the response and how much influence partially the promotion mix on the Gofood purchasing decision process. This istudy uses a quantitative method of descriptive research. And iuse ia Likert scale as a measurement. The sampling technique uses incidental non-probability sampling technique. The population in this study are people who live in Bandung and have used Gofood services, from this population there are 100 samples to be studied. The data analysis technique used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that the promotion mix was in a good category, and the purchase decision process was in a good category. The promotion mix has a significant effect on purchasing decisions. The coefficient of determination test results obtained a value of 61%, while the remaining 39% was influenced by other factors not examined in this study. Based on the results of this study, GoFood should improve and maintain all dimensions of the promotional mix, where each dimension has a significant influence on purchasing decisions.
Completion of Multi-Criteria Decision Making Using the Weighted Product Method on the Server Maintenance Vendor Selection System
Authors: Nuraini Rini , Alamsyah Dedy , Septarini Ri Sabti , Sinlae Alfry Aristo J
Published: June 2022

For companies that use information systems or websites in their business activities, server maintenance is an important thing. For this reason, the selection of a server maintenance vendor is crucial. Vendor determination usually begins with gathering information and holding a leadership meeting based on the assumptions of the decision maker. But this method is time consuming and less objective. Vendor selection is a multi-criteria problem where each criterion has a different importance. This can be solved by using the Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) approach. Weighthet Product (WP) is one of the methods of solving MCDM. The purpose of this research is to develop a decision support system to determine the best maintenance vendor using the Weighted Product (WP) method. The system is built using a waterfall system development approach that starts from analysis, design, coding and testing. The developed system has the ability to manage alternatives, criteria, alternative assessments, calculations with WP, and displays the best alternative results with WP. From the results of black-box testing, it shows that the developed system can function and run well. In addition, the results of manual calculations with the system show the same results.
Дискусії сучасної когнітивістики та філософії щодо природи патологічності суб'єкта
Authors: Skyrtach Violeta , Diakovska Halyna , Martynov Roman
Published: June 2022

Мета роботи полягає в аналітиці сучасних когнітивних та філософських досліджень патологічності суб’єкта. За допомогою феноменологічного методу були досліджені онтологічні умови конституювання суб’єкта в філософсько-клінічному дискурсі та смисл його існування. Проте, виявилося, що феноменологія не долає об’єктність фізикалізму, формально стверджуючи унікальність Dasein, але фактично ізолюючи девіантів у межах особистісного внутрішнього простору. У статті використовувалися методи міждисциплінарної епістемології насамперед структурно-семіотичні, які дозволили осмислити матеріали, де традиційна філософська проблематика суб’єкта синтезована із клінічними текстами. Науковою новизною є філософсько-клінічна аналітика патологічності суб’єкта, яка спрямована на елімінацію категоріальної матриці фізикалізму в контексті інтеграції різноспрямованих філософських дискурсів. У діахронічному зрізі філософської традиції визначені діагностичні та терапевтичні стратегії переосмислення метафізики суб’єкта, що утворили предмет парадигмального узагальнення філософсько-клінічного дискурсу у горизонті сучасності. Показана необхідність трансформація концептуалізацій суб’єкта з орієнтованих на власне ствердження та автономію (тобто патологічних суб’єктів) у теорії, які нормальність суб'єкта пов'язують із відповідальністю та турботою про суще. Досліджено, що когнітивістська реставрація біологізму в клінічних теоріях суб’єктивності є симптомом того, що сучасна філософія втратила актуальний зв’язок з дискурсом клініки. Проаналізований філософський дискурс патології суб’єкта, який сформований доробками екзистенціально-феноменологічної традиції та представниками соціокультурної антропології хвороби парадигми. Доведено розуміння вад особистісного розвитку, за виключенням органічних патологій, як вкорінених не в тілесності особистості, а як похідних від системи відносин, у яких даний суб’єкт бере участь.
Socio-cultural phenomena of ethnic diversification and identity: contents and interaction
Authors: Kolesnichenko Maksym
Published: June 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of the role of the phenomena of ethnic diversification and identity in the social development of polyethnic countries. These phenomena are considered as complex socio-cultural constructs that are traditionally based on ethnicity, culture and social aspects of human life and the nature of their functioning depends on the specific conditions of development of a society. Based on the study of the works of domestic and foreign researchers, the contents of both phenomena are clarified, and their key characteristics are presented. Attention is drawn to the fact that in their interpretations of the phenomenon of ethnic diversification, researchers start primarily from the fact that there are representatives of different peoples and cultures in one state, united in a community based on the ethnic origin of their members. This factor is largely due to the presence of many types of identities. Particular attention is paid to the influences (positive and negative) of ethnic diversification on social processes, the role of identity in social cohesion in polyethnic countries. The contexts and fields of interaction of ethnic diversification and identity in the social space of countries with ethno-cultural diversity of their population are outlined. Attention is drawn to the historical longevity of research as the essence of the phenomena themselves, as well as their interaction. The role of ethno-political management in governance the dynamics of ethnic diversification and in the process of forming identities in order to find compromises in their interaction and achieve adequate impact of the consequences of this interaction on social processes, as well as state policy on ethno-national communities and migration. It is proposed to improve research methods of ethnic diversification based on the base of the clarification of the philosophical approach to the study of ethnic and cultural groups, the identity of which together forms the ethnic diversity of a country, and emphasizes the need to adapt them to the realities of Ukrainian ethnic diversity.
Соціальна етика: теоретичний і практичний аспекти парадигмальних змін
Authors: Denysenko Nataliia , Shchyrytsia Tetiana
Published: June 2022

У статті йдеться про філософсько-практичні проблеми соціальної етики в контексті тенденції «реабілітації практичної філософії» та етизації філософського знання, спричинених переходом від філософії свідомості монологічно-егоцентричної парадигми індивіда до філософії комунікації як розвитку діалогічних комунікативних практик (дискурсів). Розглянуто соціально-історичні зміни, які зумовили новий контекст етичної рефлексії норм і цінностей. Встановлено важливість лінгвістично-герменевтично-прагматично-семіотичного повороту у філософії для конституювання змістового поля соціальної етики, цінності і норми якої імплементуються у соціальних інституціях сучасного інформаційного суспільства. Підкреслено провідну роль комунікації як способу обговорення й обґрунтування значущості цінностей і норм спільного життя та їхнє поширення у повсякденні практики в аспекті розгортання інтерсуб’єктивних зв’язків. Зауважені складності імплементації  етичних норм у різноманітні форми соціальності, що потребує розширення застосування прикладних етик. Виявлено функціональний аспект соціальної етики на методологічних засадах принципу універсальної взаємності. Артикульовано, що порозуміння акторів соціальної дії досягається через усвідомлення основних цінностей свободи, справедливості, солідарності, толерантності. Обгрунтовано, що етичний принцип універсальної взаємності як регулятивний чинник людської дії, може ефективно функціонувати за умов конкретних соціальних (дискурсивних) практик, структурними елементами яких постають індивід як учасник інтесуб’єктивної форми життя, і мова як інструмент презентації індивіда з метою порозуміння.
Українське декоративне ужиткове мистецтво – набуток духовної спадщини етносу
Authors: Hotsalyuk Аlla
Published: June 2022

Проблематика впливу інновацій на розвиток декоративного ужиткового мистецтва є дискусійною та потребує глибоких професійних досліджень, оскільки пов’язана з технологічним поступом людства. Українське декоративне ужиткове мистецтво є тим виразником, що формує самобутність нашої нації. Інноваційний поступ кваліфікується як явище небезпечне. Особлива його небезпечність виявляється у трансформації ужиткового декоративного простору українців. Зручність сучасних інноваційних технологічних рішень віддаляє від традиційного спадкового укладу та швидко впливає на людину, формуючи нові цінності та будуючи людину як відірвану від традицій особистість. Така особистість основними цінностями для себе сприймає зручність, технологічність, мобільність простору. Досліджено, що глобалізація породжує неоднозначні процеси: підштовхуючи українське мистецтво та мистецтво інших європейських країн до національної ідентифікації, спрямовуючи до пошуків архетипів своєї культури, повертаючи до національної культурної спадщини. Важливими рисами сучасного декоративного ужиткового мистецтва є простота та мобільність, оптимальність використання простору і водночас створення затишку. Зроблено висновок, що бачення неотрадиціоналізму позначилися на створенні речей декоративного ужиткового мистецтва, які втілюються завдяки різноманіттю художніх стилів та напрямків, коли вживаються сучасні технології та матеріали. Етнокультурна еволюція в дизайні інтер’єру й побутових речей вплинула на формування художніх стилів, рухів та є суголосною з процесами інновацій в технологічній сфері. Сучасному декоративному ужитковому мистецтву притаманне поєднання сучасних інноваційних тенденцій з традиційними підходами.
Dmytro Ivanovich Chyzhevśkyi – Ukrainian-Russian Scholar, Professor In Germany
Authors: Flickinger Brigitte
Published: June 2022

This is an intellectual-biographical research essay on D. I. Chyzhevśkyi (1894-1977), the internationally renowned Ukraine scholar, expert on the history of philosophy, on Russian and Ukrainian philology and Slavic-German intercultural relations. He studied at Saint Petersburg University 1911-1913 and at Kyiv University 1916-1919 where he graduated with distinction. His would have been a promising academic career, however, in 1921, for political reasons Chyzhevśkyi felt compelled to leave Ukraine. He went to Germany, studied with E. Husserl in Freiburg/Breisgau, met M. Heidegger, H.-G. Gadamer and other young influential German philosophers. But political transformations again changed the course of his life. Despite the hardships he had to cope with in the following years he was incredibly productive in publishing, engaged actively in the famous Prague Linguistic Circle and in the first Conferences of the Hegel Association. He became Assistant Professor of Slavonic studies at Harvard University and from 1956 professor at Heidelberg University. Still, his success was not without a drop of bitterness. As an émigré Chyzhevśkyi remained a foreigner in his adopted country. The essay is based on original documents from German archives: institutional files and private letters, many of them yet unknown. Moreover, the article benefits from its author’s personal acquaintance with Chyzhevśkyi in his late Heidelberg years, 1960s and 1970s.
Гайдеґґерова відмова від екзистенціалізму
Authors: Mandryshchuk Larysa
Published: June 2022

В Україні, як і в усьому світі, Гайдеґґера доволі часто називають екзистенціалістом. Проте сам Гайдеґґер заперечив будь-яке своє відношення до екзистенціалізму. Ця плутанина зумовлена тим, що німецькомовні назви такі, як Existenzphilosophie, Existentialismus, Existentialphilosophie при перекладі на інші мови часто підмінювалися одна одною. А також і тим, що Сартр подав власну класифікацію екзистенціалістів, яка була популярною і часто використовувалася. У цій класифікації Сартр зарахував Гайдеґґера до представників атеїстичного екзистенціалізму, оскільки хибно зрозумів деякі його філософські тези про «сутність» Dasein. Гайдеґґер заперечив свою належність до екзистенціалізму, вказавши на помилковість розуміння Сартром його поняття екзистенції. Якщо Гайдеґґерову філософію й відносити до екзистенційної традиції, то вона радше має мати назву екзистенціальна філософія (Existentialphilosophie), а не – екзистенціалізм.
New data on mineralogy of the Sugur copper deposit, South Urals
Authors: Popov V.A. , Rassomakhin M.A. , Popova V.I.
Published: June 2022

The previous and new data on minerals and mineral assemblages of the Sugur copper deposit in Sugur Mountains of South Urals are summarized. The ores of the deposit host abundant calcite, andradite, diopside, magnetite, chromite and serpentine together with pyrite, chalcopyrite, chalcocite, pyrrhotite, millerite, and rare baddeleyite. The genesis of the deposit was previously considered both contact-metasomatic and hydrothermal. The new data allow us to attribute copper mineralization to a skarn-carbonatite system, which is locally recognized in the Karabash ultramafc massif.
On Weyl tensor of ACR-manifolds of class $C_{12}$ with applications
Authors: Mohammed Yousif A. , Al-Zamil Q.S.A.
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we determine the components of the Weyl tensor of almost contact metric (ACR-) manifold of class $C_{12}$ on associated G-structure (AG-structure) space. As an application, we prove that the conformally flat ACR-manifold of class $C_{12}$ with $n>2$ is an $\eta$-Einstein manifold and conclude that it is an Einstein manifold such that the scalar curvature $r$ has provided. Also, the case when $n=2$ is discussed explicitly. Moreover, the relationships among conformally flat, conformally symmetric, $\xi$-conformally flat and $\Phi$-invariant Ricci tensor have been widely considered here and consequently we determine the value of scalar curvature $r$ explicitly with other applications. Finally, we define new classes with identities analogously to Gray identities and discuss their connections with class $C_{12}$ of ACR-manifold.