bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancement and Optimization of Solar Dryer: A Review
Authors: Gaur Aditya
Published: April 2022

Infinite accessibility of solar energy and continuously reducing reserves of fossil fuel has led the humankind to use solar energy in efficient way for various requirements. One of the important requirements is drying, i.e. drying of various edible products, crops, etc. Research has been done on various ways to improve dryer efficiency, which includes depleting drying time, improving product quality coming out of dryer, minimizing energy loss, etc. This paper reviews the previous work done on optimization and enhancement of solar dryer. Techniques for optimizing solar dryer such as Artificial Neural Network, Genetic Algorithm, Response Surface Methodology, etc. have been studied whereas  use of energy storage medium like Phase Change Material and other factors like geometrical parameter, solar dryer with thermal storage for enhancement of solar dryer has been reviewed.
Bathymetry Mapping of Hikkaduwa Coral Reef Using Multispectral Satellite Imagery
Authors: Kalpana P. V. U. , Ranasinghe A. K. R. N.
Published: April 2022

In previous era, bathymetry was determined by using conventional methods which retrieved the depth at a single point at one time. Later it was developed to many kinds developed systems which can determine water depth more accurately, but high in cost. In recent years, with remote sensing data it can be easily map at shallow water areas up to 25m. The idea behind this method is to use the reflection intensity of the various wavelengths captured by the satellite sensors. The ENVI Suite Relative Water Depth Tool empowers to create an item with relative water depths rapidly. As they do not appear actual depths (the relative depths are scaled from zero to one), the water depth comes about are relative, and the purpose is to deliver a large feel to the area's bathymetry. The yield must still be calibrated to field information to assess real depth. While coral reefs are found in Sri Lanka, the reefs around Hikkaduwa are among the most diverse and accessible which has a typical fringing coral reef with a shallow crest. The reef has suffered high degradation due to both natural and human activities. According to analysis, due to the relative significance changes of bathymetry comes about from the today, the coral reef has, by comparison, changed around 48.5% over the past 25 a long time (1995 to 2020) due to both natural and human exercises. By summarizing the real values for each bathymetry outline, it can be analyzed that between 2002 and 2019, the coral reef debased by roughly 5%, depending on the increasing of average depth within the study area. This has led to the creation of a new tool for the use of multispectral satellite image data to map shallow water bathymetry, referred to as satellite derivatives bathymetry. And there is no data available for evaluation to be used to assess the performance of the satellite-derived models. And with the lack of high resolution and undisturbed (i.e. without cloud disturbances) multispectral satellite imageries, it limits the derivation of bathymetry data.
Stream Order Delineation using SRTM 30 meter Resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and Hydrology Tools in ArcGIS 10.3 and QGIS: Mapping of Drainage Pattern of Mandi District, Himachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Singh Kuldeep
Published: April 2022

The paper describes step by step watershed and stream network delineation based on digital elevation models using the Hydrology tools in ArcGIS and online services for Hydrology and Hydrologic data. The 30-meter resolution SRTM image of Himachal Pradesh was downloaded from open topology website. This was further processed in QGIS and ArcGIS 10.3 software. The different hydrological processes and data management tools were used like, fill, Flow direction; flow accumulation, map algebra, stream orders, stream feature and stream dissolve in order to get the final map of Mandi drainage pattern.
THE POSSIBILITIES OF SELF-RESTORATION OF CARIOUS, INFLAMMATORY AND TRAUMATIC DAMAGE TO THE DENTAL AND SEASIDE TISSUES, BY MEANS OF POWDER COMPOSITIONS BASED ON DISPERSED VEGETABLE FRAGMENTS IN A MIXTURE WITH NANO-SILICA AND MINERAL MICRO-PARTICLES, AS WELL AS HIGH-FILLED EPOXY POLYMER COMPOSITIONS
Authors: Starokadomsky Dmitry , Reshetnik Maria
Published: April 2022

In out popular-scientific experimental publication, for first time, a theoretical substantiation of the need to introduce preventive and self-restorative methods in dentistry was carried out. It is possible due to the use of compositions with nano-silica, nano-aluminum oxide and micro-sized mineral plant fillers. Methods are proposed for creating tooth powders and epoxy polymer fillings — from publicly available components (herbal/mineral powders, epoxy-resin etc), for use by non-specialists in places unsuitable for traditional prevention. All these assumptions and hypotheses found confirmation in the obtained results of observations in the well-being of patients of visual information (photo-, x-ray image) of the treated groups of affected teeth. The experimental part was based on the results of preclinical studies and was performed on volunteers, with the involvement of consultants from dental clinics. The conclusions confirm the possibility of effective prophylaxis and selfhealing of dental systems through non-operative exposure to special complexes of dental powders, pastes and rinse systems (with the correct operation of the teeth).
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF CHITOSAN, CUMIN, CORIANDER AND ZIRA ON THE QUALITY INDICATORS OF COOKED SAUSAGE PRODUCTS
Authors: Valishev A.A. , Ishevsky A.L.
Published: April 2022

This article deals with a comparative analysis of the effect of chitosan, cumin, coriander and zira on the quality indicators of cooked sausages.
IMPROVING THE OPERATION OF THE ZHETYGEN STATION
Authors: Slanbek Damir , Sarzhanov Taizhan
Published: April 2022

In this paper, the improvement of Zhetygen Stations with the use of innovative logistics methods is considered. The use of these methods makes it possible to predict material flows, create integrated management and control systems for their movement, develop logistics service systems, optimize inventory and solve a number of other tasks.
RIWAYAT HIPERTENSI DENGAN PENYAKIT JANTUNG PADA PASIEN YANG PERNAH TERPAPAR COVID 19
Authors: Andriati Riris , Rianti Beti , Pratiwi Rita Dwi
Published: April 2022

The increase in the number of Covid-19 cases occurred so quickly. Indonesia is one of the countries affected by Covid-19 with data on 228,993 confirmed cases of Covid-19 from March 2, 2020 to September 16, 2020 with the addition of 3,963 new cases, 9,100 deaths (CFR 4.0%), recovered cases 164,101 (71.2%) and 55,792 cases under treatment 24.4%. The objective of study was to determine whether there is a relationship between a history of hypertension and heart disease in patients who have been exposed to Covid 19 in the South Tangerang area. The research method in this research is quantitative research, a cross sectional design, with a sample of 57 respondents. From the results of the study, the average respondent with a history of hypertension and a history of heart disease was around 41-50 years old as many as 23 people (40,4%) with an average value of 2,70 and a standard deviation of 0,91. Meanwhile, the average respondent who had been exposed to Covid with a history of heart disease and hypertension was 29 men. The results of statistical tests obtained p-value 0.015, so there is a relationship between a history of hypertension and heart disease in patients who have been exposed to Covid-19 in the South Tangerang area. Suggestions of this study are expected that educational institutions can improve and determine various educational programs that can disseminate information about Covid-19, especially for people who have a history of heart disease and hypertension. So that the number of Covid-19 exposures does not increase.ABSTRAKPenambahan jumlah kasus Covid-19 terjadi begitu cepat. Indonesia salah satu negara yang terkena dampak Covid-19 dengan jumlah data kasus terkonfirmasi Covid-19 228.993 dari 2 Maret 2020 sampai dengan per 16 September 2020 dengan penambahan kasus 3.963 kasus baru, 9100 kasus meninggal (CFR 4,0%), kasus sembuh 164.101 (71,2%) dan 55.792 kasus dalam perawatan 24,4%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk Mengetahui  Hubungan Antara Riwayat Hipertensi Dan Penyakit Jantung Pada Pasien Yang Pernah Terpapar Covid 19 di Wilayah Tangerang Selatan. Metode penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif, desain cross sectional dengan sampel sebanyak 57 responden. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh responden dengan riwayat hipertensi dan riwayat penyakit jantung berumur sekitar 41 – 50 tahun sebanyak 23 orang (40,4%) dengan nilai rata-rata 2,70 dan standar deviasi 0,91. Sedangkan sebagian besar responden yang pernah terpapar Covid dengan riwayat penyakit jantung dan hipertensi berjenis kelamin laki-laki sebanyak 29 orang. Hasil uji statistik diperoleh nilai p-value 0,015 artinya ada hubungan antara riwayat hipertensi dengan penyakit jantung pada pasien yang pernah terpapar Covid-19 di wilayah Tangerang Selatan, diharapkan penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sebagai pedoman oleh perawat dalam memberikan pendidikan kesehatan kepada pasien yang terpapar Covid 19 dengan riwayat penyakit hipertensi dan penyakit jantung.
School Health Nursing
Authors: GÜLÇEK Emrah
Published: April 2022

School nurses interact with students, parents and school personnel for health education, physical activity, physical education, nutrition and health services, psychological services, counseling, social services, physical environment, social climate, emotional climate and family engagement aspects. Effective communication, teamwork and interprofessional collaboration improve this interaction. Overweight of children and adolescents, alienation, sexual health and pregnancy, sleep pattern and mental health are some actual subjects in international articles published in the last decade related to school health nursing, which are summarised below.
The Metabolic effects of coenzyme Q10 in patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: A. Bader Shahad , A. Althanoon Zeina , S. Raoof Hiba
Published: April 2022

There is a lack of evidence on the metabolic effect of coenzyme Q10 administration in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The present study aimed to investigate the influence of CoQ10 on glycemic control markers and lipid parameters in PCOS. The study employed a double-blind, placebo-controlled design. A total of 100 subjects with PCOS were enrolled. Subjects were randomly enrolled into 2 groups. The intervention group had received 200 mg CoQ10 supplements once daily (N = 50) and the control group had received corn starch (N = 50). The duration of treatment was three months for both groups. Fasting serum glucose, insulin levels and lipid parameters were recorded before and at the end of the study. After 3 months of intervention, patients whom receiving CoQ10 therapy (200mg/day) had significantly lower levels of fasting serum glucose, glycated hemoglobin, serum total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides were found between CoQ10-supplemented compared to placebo-treated women. Overall, three months of CoQ10 supplementation had a beneficial effect on glucose metabolism, lipid profile and atherogenic index in women with PCOS.
A Comparative account on Antioxidant activities, Total phenolic and Flavonoid contents of Punica granatum, Carica papaya, Foeniculum vulgare, Trigonella foenum-graecum, and Urtica dioica: An in vitro Evaluation
Authors: Himalian Ranjana , P. Singh Mahendra
Published: April 2022

Antioxidant potential of aqueous extracts was determined individually and ABTS/DPPH free radicals were utilized for scoring antioxidant activities, Folin-Ciocalteau’s reagent for Total Phenolic content and aluminum chloride colorimetry method for Total Flavonoid content evaluation. Different parts of the same plant exhibited different antioxidant potential. An overall comparative account among the different parts of selected fruits, spices and herb can be stated as Punica granatum (PG) peel˃ Punica granatum pulp˃ Carica papaya (CP) peel˃ Trigonella foenum-graecum (TFG) seeds˃ Foeniculum vulgare (FV) seeds˃ Urtica dioica (UD) dried leaves˃ Carica papaya (CP) seed˃ Urtica dioica (UD) frozen leaves˃ Punica granatum (PG) seed˃ Urtica dioica (UD) fresh leaves˃ Carica papaya (CP) pulp. Thus we can conclude that different parts of the same plant can have statistically different antioxidant potential and non-conventional parts can have good antioxidant potential which can be utilized to decrease the free radicals.
RP-HPLC Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Tobramycin and Dexamethasone in Eye Drop
Authors: Mittha Jyoti N. , Kalshetti Mallinath S.
Published: April 2022

RP-HPLC method has been developed and validated for simultaneous estimation of Tobramycin and Dexamethasone in eye drop. The chromatographic separation was carried out isocratically on Agilent Zorbax SB Aqueous C-18 column (250x4.6mm, 5µm) using a 0.1% Formic Acid Water: Acetonitrile (60:40% v/v) as mobile phase at flow rate of 1ml/min and detected by using photo diode array detector at 210nm. The retention times were 1.9 and 4.2 min for tobramycin and dexamethasone respectively. Linearity was obtained in the range of 240-360µg/ml and 80-120µg/ml for tobramycin and dexamethasone respectively. The developed method was validated according to ICH guidelines for specificity, linearity, range, accuracy, precision, system suitability parameters. The proposed method was found to be specific, accurate and precise. This method can be employed for routine analysis of simultaneous estimation of tobramycin and dexamethasone in eye drop.
Exploring COVID-19 Progression Patterns
Authors: Zakarya Zakarya , Al Zalak Al Zalak , Alfahoum Sahar , Zohairee Razan
Published: April 2022

Background: A novel coronavirus COVID-19 causing acute illness with severe symptoms, represents the causative agent of a contagious potentially lethal disease. COVID-19 was declared as pandemic by WHO. Aims: This Research aims to study the COVID-19 outbreaks in the fifteen most impacted countries in the world, find the relationship between the precautionary measures of governments and COVID-19 confirmed cases and deaths, and to forecast the pandemic in the following short time. Methods: The global numbers of confirmed cases and deaths of COVID-19 were obtained from the European Union Data. The data of governmentsʹ response actions for COVID-19 were estimated using the Oxford study. Box-Jenkins methodology, ARIMA model, R package were used in data analysis. Results: The rate of COVID-19 confirmed cases is 0.4 per thousand, and the death case rate is 0.03 per thousand of the world population. The rate of death cases was the lowest in Brazil, and the highest in Spain. The usefulness of precautionary measures and its effect on the number of confirmed cases and deaths in the different countries were estimated. A high correlation was established concerning the applied measurements and time of application. The model used for forecasting the expected cases was consistent with our tested result, while the model for forecasting death showed a fair consistently. Conclusion: We conclude that the health system must be reviewed, and these precautionary measures evaluated whether they are beneficial or more stringent conditions should be imposed.
Development and Validation of Stability Indicating UHPLC Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Ombitasvir, Paritaprevir and Ritonavir in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms
Authors: Pappula Nagaraju , Narla Divya
Published: April 2022

The present research work was aimed to develop a validated UPLC method for simultaneous quantification of Ombitasvir, Paritaprevir and Ritonavir in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms. The analytes were successfully separated within 3 mins on waters SB C8 column using pH 4.0 phosphate buffer and acetonitrile in the ratio of 50:50v/v as mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.5ml/min with an injection volume of 0.5µl. The eluted analytes at 0.908, 1.190 and 1.739 min were detected at 250nm by PDA detector. The developed method was validated in compliance with ICH guidelines. The analytes under study obeyed beers law in the concentration range of 3.125 – 18.75µg/ml, 18.75 – 112.5µg/ml and 12.5 - 75µg/ml for Ombitasvir, Paritaprevir and Ritonavir respectively. The percentage recovery of analytes was found to be within 99-101% for the three analytes. The percentage RSD values of precision and robustness were within acceptable limits. The analytes were subjected to various stress conditions such as hydrolysis by acid, alkali and water, oxidation by hydrogen peroxide, exposure to High temperature and UV light, which enables analytes to degrade under these conditions. The proposed method was successful in separating and quantifying the compounds in the presence of degradants. Thus a specific, accurate and robust stability indicating method has been developed for simultaneous quantification of Ombitasvir, Paritaprevir and Ritonavir in their combined dosage form.
Development and Validation of HPLC Method for Quantification of Favipiravir in Tablet
Authors: Kalshetti M. S. , Adlinge Sagar G.
Published: April 2022

Hplc method has been developed and validated for the quantification of Favipiravir in tablet formulation The chromatographic separation was achieved by using Luna® Phenomenex C8(150x4.6 mm,5µm) with the mobile phase comprising of water and methanol in the ratio of 95:5v/v. The flow rate was 1ml/min and the separated Favipiravir was detected at 229 nm. The retention time of Favipiravir was 4.3 minutes. The linearity data showed good linear relationship (r2= 0.9997) within the concentration range of 10-50 µg/ml. The method was successfully validated in accordance to the ICH guidelines and method was found to be sensitive, accurate, precise, and reproducible.
Antihypertensive activity of Polyherbal Siddha Formulation Veppampoo Mathirai – A Review
Authors: S. M. Chitra , N. Anbu , K. S. Uma
Published: April 2022

Hypertension commonly termed as High blood pressure is a chronic disorder characterized by systolic >140mm Hg and diastolic >90mm Hg. The prevalence of Hypertension is increasing year by year globally as well as in India. Inadequate treatment of hypertension leads to complications such as congestive cardiac failure, stroke, kidney disease and blindness. Conventional hypertensives that have been in use are associated with side effects. Traditional medical systems which are having herbal plants as their formulations plays an important role in reducing high blood pressure with minimizing side effects. There is an increase in the use of herbal therapies to treat non communicable disease is on the rise worldwide. Siddha, one of the traditional medical systems of India, practiced mostly in south India had many formulations for Hypertension. One among them is veppampoo mathirai, a polyherbal tablet formulation, which had been in use, is found to be effective for hypertension. In this regard, this review focuses on the proven scientific antihypertensive related activities of hypertension exhibited by each ingredient of veppampoo mathirai.
Exosome and Breast Cancer
Authors: Alrubaye Yasir S J. , Mohammed Mohammed B. , Abdulamir Haidar A.
Published: April 2022

Breast cancer is responsible for the death of millions of women worldwide every year. It is widespread in the world and Iraq that become a genuine problem for public health. Several clinical, diagnostic and pathological techniques have been introduced to get early detection of breast tumors. The uses of current known tumors markers have many limitations. New technique for diagnosis of breast cancer involve detection of extracellular vesicles (EVs) exosomes and its phosphoproteins as a product of cancer cells which represent a non-invasive liquid biopsy that may replace the invasive surgical method.
Điều kiện co ciric sưy rộng trong không gian b-metric
Authors: Nguyễn Văn Dũng , Nguyễn Thị Trúc Linh
Published: April 2022

Trong bài viết này, chúng tôi mở rộng kiểu co Ciric trong không gian b-metric (Lu, He và Du, 2019) bằng cách thêm vào 4 số hạng ρ(T2x,x), ρ(T2x,Tx), ρ(T2x,y), ρ(T2x,Ty), để trở thành ρ(Tx,Ty) < λmax{ρ(x,y), ρ(x,Tx), ρ(y,Ty), ρ(x,Ty), ρ(Tx,y), ρ(T2x, x), ρ(T2x, Tx), ρ(T2x, y ), ρ(T2x, Ty)} trong đó W là không gian b-metric, T : W → W và x, y ∈ W.
Khảo sát hàm lượng phenolic tổng và đánh giá hoạt tính chống oxi hóa của dịch chiết từ bã cà phê được trồng tại tỉnh Đắk Lắk
Authors: Huỳnh Văn Chung , Đinh Thị Thanh Vy
Published: April 2022

Việc chiết xuất các hợp chất phenolic chống oxy hóa từ bã cà phê (SCG) đã qua sử dụng đã được nghiên cứu. Các thí nghiệm chiết được thực hiện theo phương pháp rắn - lỏng thông thường, sử dụng ethanol làm dung môi tại các nồng độ khác nhau (0 – 90%, v/v), tỷ lệ nguyên liệu/ dung môi (1:10 – 1:40 g/ml), thời gian chiết (10 – 80 phút) và nhiệt độ (30 – 70oC), pH (2-8). Hiệu quả của quá trình chiết xuất được đánh giá thông qua việc xác định hàm lượng phenolic tổng. Hoạt tính kháng oxi hóa cũng được đánh giá thông qua khả năng ức chế H2O2. Nhìn chung hiệu suất chiết tốt nhất khi sử dụng dung môi ethanol có nồng độ 50%; tỉ lệ nguyên liệu/dung môi (NL/DM) thích hợp là 1:40 (g/ml); nhiệt độ 60oC, thời gian chiết là 45 phút, pH = 5. Hàm lượng phenolic là 20,825 mg acid gallic/g nguyên liệu. Hoạt tính kháng oxi hóa tốt với IC50 là 313,447 µg/ml.  Những phát hiện này được quan tâm vì các hợp chất phenolic chống oxy hóa có một vai trò nổi bật trong lĩnh vực y tế và các ứng dụng rộng rãi trong thực phẩm và dược phẩm.
Hiệu quả phòng trị của một số nhóm hoạt chất kháng sinh và hóa học đối với vi khuẩn Ralstonia solanacearum gây bệnh héo xanh trên cây hoa vạn thọ (Tagetes papula L.)
Authors: Huỳnh Ngọc Tâm , Tô Lan Phương , Lê Uyển Thanh
Published: April 2022

Hiệu quả kiểm soát của ba nhóm hoạt chất kháng sinh và hóa học đối với các dòng R. solanacearum gây bệnh héo xanh trên cây hoa Vạn thọ được đánh giá trong điều kiện in vitro và nhà lưới. Thử nghiệm in vitro trên 10 dòng R. solanacearum sau 72 giờ, kết quả cho thấy nhóm hoạt chất Streptomycin + Oxytetracyline có tác dụng ức chế cao đối với mầm bệnh so với hai nhóm còn lại là Oxytetracyline hydrochloride + Gentamicin sulphate, và Oxolinic acid. Sau đó, nhóm Streptomycin + Oxytetracyline và hai dòng R. solanacearum RM3 và RM4 với đặc điểm ít nhạy cảm nhất với nhóm hoạt chất này được thử nghiệm đánh giá hiệu quả kiểm soát bệnh trong điều kiện nhà lưới. Ở các thời điểm 6, 10, 14, 18 ngày sau khi lây nhiễm bệnh, cả hai nghiệm thức có xử lý nhóm hoạt chất Streptomycin + Oxytetracyline kết hợp lây nhiễm bệnh riêng biệt với RM3 hoặc RM4, đều ghi nhận đạt hiệu quả giảm bệnh tương đối cao, dao động từ 46,7% đến 57,2%. Đồng thời, chỉ số tích lũy bệnh theo thời gian (AUDPC) cũng giảm so với các nghiệm thức chỉ lây nhiễm bệnh với dòng RM3 hoặc RM4. Bên cạnh đó, chỉ số bệnh được ghi nhận giảm so với các nghiệm thức chỉ lây nhiễm bệnh với dòng RM3 hoặc RM4. Nhìn chung, nhóm hoạt chất Streptomycin + Oxytetracyline đã thể hiện được hiệu quả giảm bệnh trong phòng trị bệnh héo xanh do R. solanacearum gây ra trên cây hoa Vạn thọ, và có thể được lựa chọn như một trong những biện pháp phòng trị bệnh này.
Năng suất và chất lượng các giống nấm bào ngư được trồng tại An Giang
Authors: Trần Văn Khải
Published: April 2022

Nghiên cứu tiến hành thu thập được 15 mẫu của 6 giống nấm bào ngư được trồng tại An Giang, bao gồm nấm bào ngư tím, nấm bào ngư Nhật trắng, nấm bào ngư Nhật đen, nấm bào ngư xám dài ngày, nấm bào ngư trắng lục bình và nấm bào ngư trắng loa kèn. Các mẫu nấm được phân tích chất lượng; được phân lập; được cấy vào cùng cơ chất và được trồng trong cùng chế độ ẩm độ và nhiệt độ để khẳng định năng suất và chất lượng của các giống nấm bào ngư. Kết quả cho thấy khi nguồn gốc cơ chất (bịch phôi nấm) và điều kiện trồng khác nhau, chất lượng các giống nấm bào ngư khác nhau. Thêm vào đó, nấm bào ngư xám dài ngày Pleurotus sajor-caju một lần nữa khẳng định được năng suất và chất lượng khi nuôi trồng các giống nấm bào ngư trong cùng điều kiện nhiệt độ, ẩm độ và cơ chất. Thời gian kết thúc vụ của Pleurotus sajor-caju là 113,93 ngày với năng suất là 48,79 kg/100 bịch phôi; hàm lượng đạm tổng số, đường tổng số, lipid, β-glucan, phenolic và flavonoid (tính trên 100 g chất khô) lần lượt là 17,40 g; 26,02 g; 1,60 g; 0,43 g; 41,08 mg TAE và 6,02 mg QE; khả năng khử gốc tự do DPPH là 62,17% và khả năng khử sắt FRAP là 381,28 mM Fe2+/100 g chất khô.
Exploratory Seismic Geophysical Study of the Khanuqah Structure Area
Authors: Al Karadaghi Salar S. Hasan
Published: April 2022

Khanuqah structure area carried as the geophysics exploration study of Jeribe Formation target, the area located in the north of Iraq within Salah Aldeen Governorate, has been used geophysical data represented by 2D seismic lines were executed as exploratory surveys of 27 seismic lines, the data interpretations used by Petrel software (version 2018) based on the required aims, which are determined to achieve an update the structural model in Jeribe Fn. as a gas reservoir.The results show the Khanaqah structure includes five domes, the general direction of the structure axis is northwest-southeast, a gradient of its slope from the northwest structurally higher to the southwestern part structurally lower, the southeastern part of the study area is an open basin that increases the level of depth lines relative to the mentioned part.Seismic sections showed at the locations of structural domes the phenomenon of inter-spacing of seismic reflectors as tuning phenomena in reservoirs within Jeribe Fn. reservoir which is a direct index of the gas presence. To ensure tracking of extensions phenomena as a director for a gas presence, the seismic interpretations used a new technique by convert 2D seismic lines to 3D seismic cube through the reflections specifications publication of the khanaqah area, that shows the concerning of gaseous presence in the Khanaouqa-1 well and its disappearance in the Khanaouqa-2 well, it indicates the relationship between the location of the two wells at the structure, since Khanaouqa-1 well is structurally shallower than the Khanaouqa-2 well, which means that the well of Khanaouqa-2 is outside the scope of the gas patch, this was confirmed by the 3D seismic cube derived that showed the phenomenon presence on the site of Khanoqa-1 and did not appear in Khanoqa-2.Due to the importance of developing the Khanuqah structure as a worthy gas field, the research recommended drilling an exploratory well at the location of dome- B, whose coordinated in the study area penetrating the Euphrates Fn. bearing in mind that Khanuqa-1 did not locate on the center site of the domes nor on the center site of the direct phenomenon as evidence of the gas existence.
The Late Cretaceous X Reservoir petrophysics properties and its Oil Geochemistry in the Nameless Oilfield, Mesopotamian Basin, South Iraq
Authors: Al-Najm Fahad M. , Al-Khafaji Amer Jassim , Sadooni Fadhil N.
Published: April 2022

The X Formation, which dates from the Late Cenomanian to the early Turonian, is the largest carbonate reservoir in Iraq's South Mesopotamian Basin. There are two shallowing-up depositional periods in it, which begin with deep water mudstone associated with wackestone, which gradually shallows into rudist and is dominated by big foraminifera shoals and barriers, which are followed by lagoonal and intertidal facies. The identification of five distinct reservoir rock types, including mB2, mB1, CRII, mA, and CRI, was based on a combination of sediment types and diagenetic processes that influenced porosity types. The formation oil geochemical studies point to a Lower Cretaceous marine carbonate source depositional environment that is early mature and anoxic.
Synthesis and Characterization of Sulfated Zirconia Catalyst for Light Naphtha Isomerization Process
Authors: Al-Tabbakh Dr. Ban A. Ahmed , Dawood Maan M.
Published: April 2022

The platinum-loaded zirconium oxide (Pt/SO4-2/ZrO2) catalyst was developed for the light naphtha atoms over the reaction temperature range of 160 to 220 °C, 1 and 3 h-1 LSHV and 10 bar. Platinum improved the stability of the catalyst by preventing the formation of a coke precursor at the strong acid site of sulfur zirconium. The acidity of the catalyst was characterized by of NH3-TPD and the effect of sulfur and calcination temperature on the surface area of ​​the final prepared zirconia was studied. The prepared catalyst shows high structural similar activity at temperature between 200 and 210°C for two types of light naphtha feed.
Using Fuzzy Inference System in Gas Turbine to Overcome a High Exhaust Temperature Problem
Authors: Al-Dabooni Seaar Jawad , Al-Shawi Hussein Abdul Shaheed
Published: April 2022

The turbine units are at the forefront of equipment in the process of pumping crude oil and exporting it to the oil ports, where there are many types of turbines used in different sites of Iraqi stations whether pumping oil stations or electrical power production stations. One of the most important types of turbines is the gas turbine, which is frequently used in oil depots. One of the remarkable depots in Iraq is Zubair-1 / Basra that exports around 850,000 barrels per day (B/D). Therefore, Zubair-1 should continue pumping the crude oil 24/7, which has five gas turbines (three Rolls-Royce AVON MK 1533 and two Siemens SGT 400). However, the three Rolls-Royce gas turbines in Zubair-1 have not worked in the summer season since 2016, when the ambient temperature goes high around 11:00 am to 3:30 pm. This paper proposes solution to solve a high exhaust temperature (EGT) shutdown signal (a preventing running turbine signal) without effect on the sequence of turbine running stages. The proposal is adding a fuzzy inference system (FIS) that controls the gas turbine in the first two running stages that demonstrates and controls of speed the turbine from 800 RPM to 3000 RPM. The inputs of FIS are the average temperature of eight combustion chambers (exhaust temperatures) and the speed of the gas turbine, while the output of FIS is the control signal to the flow control valve (FCV) with an amplifier to gain the signal.

The FIS proposal has been applied in all three Rolls-Royce jet pumping turbines since April 7, 2021, and they work regularly at all times of the day. The FIS minimizes the maximum average of combustion chambers temperature at midafternoon in June 9, 2021 (48 ˚C ambience temperature) from 689 ˚C to 610 ˚C that means the improvement is around 45%.
Membrane Distillation Technology Using for Desalination of Associated Oil Water Production and Study Efficiency of Feed Water Operation Parameter on Air Gap Membrane Distillation Process Production
Authors: Alfaez Safaa Abdul Ghany
Published: April 2022

In this study; membrane distillation technology using to associated oil water production desalination by air gap membrane distillation unit to removed salt from the water after separating oil product, via PTEF commercial hydrophobic membrane distillation with 0.22 µm porous and 0.011 m   contact surface area, evaluated the desalination system and operation parameter for feed water effected on process production by employment the distillation under boiling point temperature that getting commercial increments and study the energy gain by calculating the GOR of the desalination process.

The study focusing on the air gap membrane distillation desalination process by a range of temperature after primary simple sedimentation and filtration it's obtained salt rejection up to 98.9% that proves process separation efficiency. Evaluated the mean operation parameters of feed water affected on permeate water production when selected the feed temperature and flow rate with fixed coolant temperature, coolant flow rate, and air gap width to get an optimum range for feed water operation parameter to obtain optimum value to permeate water production and saving energy.
Determination of the Radon Concentration of Gas 222Rn Emitted From Sludge Samples Located in the Radioactive Waste Collection Warehouse in Khader Al-Maa South of Basra City – Iraq
Authors: Ali Master A.
Published: April 2022

Thirty-one samples of sludge were taken, stored at the natural radioactive waste collection site, NORM, in Khidir Al-Maa, south of Basra city, resulting from the operations of extracting and filtering crude oil in oil fields in Basra Oil Company, to determine gas concentrations Radon 222Rn and other radioisotopes in Sludge models. The rapid electronic technology was adopted through the RAD7 device, the active method, and the gamma analysis technique using HPGe High Purity Germanium Detectors to determine the specific activity of radioactive elements. The measurements for this study showed 98463±7031 Bq.m-3 in sample no. S10 a barrel of sludge was brought from the third Degassing Station plant in the northern Rumaila oil field and least concentrated is 8317±594 Bq.m-3 in sample no. S14 sludge belonging to the sixth Degassing Station / West Qurna-1, the study also revealed the presence of high concentrations of the specific effectiveness of radioactive isotopes (214Pb, 212Bi, 226Ra) and (212Pb, 212Bi, 228Ac) of the uranium-238 series and Thorium-232 series in a sludge form selected from a barrel returning to the third gas isolation plant - North Rumaila Oilfield and stockpile at the collection site, where the specific activity value of radium was 226 Ra 133851 Bq.k-1 of the uranium-238 series and for lead 212Pb 56432 Bq.k-1 of For uranium-238 series compared to their concentrations, 32 Bq.k-1 45 Bq.k-1 in a natural soil model. The effective dose to which on-site workers would be exposed in contact was calculated and found to be 196.92 Svh-1, a dose that exceeded the proposed 50 Sv. h-1 dose limits by the US EPA. The probability of developing cancer due to exposure to radon per million people was found and it was found to be a high value compared to the suggested value (170-230) per million people previously by ICRP.
Studying the effect ZnONP Deposited on ST37-2 by Pulse Laser Depositions Technique for Corrosion Protection Using in Oil Storage Applications.
Authors: Abbas Ahmed S. , Anon Eman A. , Sayyid F. F.
Published: April 2022

In the study, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONP) were coated on carbon steel substrates via pulse laser deposition (PLD) process, in order to achieve passive layers of nanocoating. ST37-2 a type of steel is used in the manufacture of tanks that are used in oil applications, which suffers from corrosion, this will lead a large losses. Electrochemical technique (Tafel polarization completion) has been carried out for study the corrosion behavior of this steel coating type. The specimens of steel were examined in aqueous solution containing about 3.5 wt. % NaCl using polarization method, with power of hydrogen (pH) held to value 4.0, in order to evaluated the corrosion rate. ZnONP. Characteristics and topographic nanocoating by PLD technique were evaluated by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) tests. Where semi uniform nanoparticles of ZnONP were achieved with a nanoscale approximately ranging from 33-56 nm, While XRD pattern indicated the presence of ZnONP with different crystal structures. In other side the input parameters of (PLD) technique were substrate temperature, number of pulse and fluencies energy have been examined, in order to study their influence on the rate of corrosion reduction. The results indicate that number of shoots pulse has a significant effect the corrosion rate in operation of PLD technique, which is highest among the contributions of the other parameters. Enhancement about 56%   is achieved of ST37-2 coated with (ZnONP) deposition, as compared with uncoated steel.
Save Energy in Choosing Oil Pumping Systems
Authors: Majeed Adnan Yasser
Published: April 2022

Some non-specialists raised problems about the turbine pumping system in the Al-Faw oil depot, and it reached the Office of Internal Oversight and some deputies in Parliament, so I decided through the research to clarify the basis on which to rely on appropriate pumping systems to achieve the required operational conditions with the least energy expended And this reflected the choice of pumping systems that were chosen to work in Al -Faw oil depot. Through the research, it was found that the best way to choose oil pump systes and to save the energy used for pumping is to use the variable speed of the pump with the use of the parallel pumping system for multi pumps, which was used in the Faw oil depot.
قياس وتحليل أثر الايرادات النفطيـــة في معدلات التضخـــــــم في الاقتصاد العراقي للمدة (1990 – 2015)
Authors: الجبوري ختام حاتم , محسن محمد , سكران ابراهيم
Published: April 2022

تعد الثروة النفطية احدى المقومات الاساسية في البلدان التي تمتلك تلك الثروة ويعتبر العراق ثالث اكبر البلدان التي تمتلك ثروة نفطية بعد المملكة العربية السعودية والولايات المتحدة الامريكية والذي يشكل النفط اكثر من 95))% في موازنته العامة، الا ان الاعتماد المفرط على هذه الثروة في تمويل اقتصاداتها جعلها تتسم بالريعية اذ تختلف تأثيرات تقلبات اسعار النفط على البلدان المصدرة بحسب نسبة مساهمتها في الناتج المحلي الاجمالي اذ نجد البلدان التي تكون ذات اقتصاد احادي الجانب تكون اكثر عرضة لتقلبات اسعار النفط وما لهذه التقلبات من تأثيرات كبيرة على ارتفاع الاسعار بشكل عام وحدوث التضخم الذي يكون ارتفاع الاسعار فيه بشكل مستمر ويعتبر  التضخم احد متغيرات الاقتصاد الكلي الذي يتأثر بشكل كبير بالتقلبات التي تحدث بأسعار النفط والذي يؤثر بالاقتصاد بشكل واضح، وعلى هذا الاساس ركز البحث على ايضاح تأثير التغيرات او التقلبات التي تحدث في اسعار النفط على احدى متغيرات الاقتصاد الكلي وهو التضخم، اكد البحث بضرورة تنويع مصادر الموازنة وعدم الاعتماد على مورد واحد ريعي وهو النفط بضرورة تبني سياسات اقتصادية تتلاءم مع دور القطاع النفطي في الاقتصاد العراقي وتخفيض معدلات التضخم من خلال تبني سياسة اقتصادية ملائمة.
“To Continue Their Illustrious Breed”: Aristocracy, Democracy, and the Search for Dignity in The House of the Seven Gables
Authors: Groff Martin J.
Published: April 2022

Political philosophers have noted that while modern democracies define dignity as universal human worth, nineteenth-century Americans conceptualized it in terms of social status and rank hierarchy. However, there was considerable tension in this period between the traditional aristocratic ideal and a more modern liberal philosophy of where this rank-based dignity came from and how someone could possess it. This article demonstrates that Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The House of the Seven Gables narrates an encounter between these two philosophies and asks whether either of them, or some combination, can be reconciled with democracy’s egalitarian ideals. By contrasting the Colonel with the Judge and Hepzibah with Holgrave, Hawthorne identifies the elitism that underlies both concepts of dignity in America and investigates whether they can be excised or reformed. Ultimately, I argue that the novel portrays dignity, as conceived in the nineteenth century, as a fundamentally undemocratic remnant of the aristocratic past that has become deeply rooted beneath a democratic façade in America.
Insistent Hope as Anti-Anti-Utopian Politics in N. K. Jemisin’s Broken Earth Trilogy
Authors: Tabone Mark A.
Published: April 2022

This article discusses the politics of hope in N. K. Jemisin’s Broken Earth trilogy. Drawing on scholarship in utopian studies, science fiction studies, and Africana studies, it discusses the ways in which Jemisin uses two intentional community experiments depicted in the trilogy as “critical utopias” in order to work through problems involved in collective living, including the potentially anti-utopian aspects of these communities’ shortcomings. Ultimately, despite the apocalyptic setting that has attracted the most attention from critics, this article argues that The Broken Earth ultimately affirms the necessity of utopian hope, even amid anti-utopian circumstances, and as such is an important and timely political statement. In a historical moment marked by social and racial strife and, in the literary realm, by what Sean Guynes calls “dystopia fatigue,” Jemisin’s trilogy does not promise utopia, but insists on the need for hope in seemingly hopeless times, the “anti-anti-utopian” orientation described by Fredric Jameson.
Navigating Uncertainty: The Ambiguous Utopias of Le Guin, Gorodischer, and Jemisin
Authors: Bartles Jason A.
Published: April 2022

The phrase “ambiguous utopia” was coined by Ursula K. Le Guin in the subtitle of her novel, The Dispossessed: An Ambiguous Utopia (1974). That work appeared when utopian narratives had been displaced by dystopian imaginaries. This article embarks on a comparative analysis of three short stories: Ursula K. Le Guin’s “The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas” (1973), Angélica Gorodischer’s “Of Navigators” (1979), and N. K. Jemisin’s “The Ones Who Stay and Fight” (2018). Each author installs ambiguity at the center of their open-ended utopian imaginaries as a way to challenge dogma, pessimism, and complacency. Le Guin interrogates the boundary between belief and knowledge to hold the threat of authoritarianism at bay. Gorodischer, a friend and contemporary of Le Guin, is considered a central figure of Argentine science fiction and fantasy. Her story imagines the discovery of a second Earth set in 1492 and highlights the need for utopianism to challenge the legacy of colonization. Finally, Jemisin’s story is a critical homage to “Omelas.” Jemisin shares the decolonial impetus of Gorodischer’s fiction, and she constructs Um-Helat on an explicitly antiracist foundation. Instead of walking away, her characters actively fight the creeping threat of intolerance while working toward that better place.
Analisis Sistem Distribusi Penjualan Sembako Usaha Kecil Dan Menengah Dengan Menggunakan Algoritma Dijkstra Berbasis Android Di Kota Bontang
Authors: Junaini  , Mulyadi Rudy
Published: April 2022

Usaha Kecil dan Menengah (UKM) di masyarakat memiliki peranan yang sangat penting dalam memenuhi kebutuhan sembako setiap hari, sehingga mudah didapatkan di pasar tradisional, warung kecil, toko swalayan, sampai penjualan ke konsumen. UKM melakukan penjualan sembako membutuhkan waktu, biaya, jarak dan alamat konsumen dengan cepat dan tepat, maka diperlukan suatu metode penjualan sembako. Penjualan UKM memiliki data pemesanan sembako ke beberapa konsumen dalam satu waktu khususnya pagi hari, petugas pengirim sembako perlu mengetahui rute terpendek dari beberapa konsumen yang diperoleh dari hasil perhitungan menggunakan metode algoritma Dijkstra untuk menuju ke alamat konsumen. Hasil perhitungan menggunakan metode algoritma Dijkstra akan menentukan rute terpendek yang harus dilalui petugas pengirim sembako, sehingga dapat mempercepat proses penjualan sembako. Keuntungan lain yang di dapat penjualan UKM dengan algoritma Dijkstra adalah bisa mengoptimalkan keuntungan dengan mengurangi biaya operasional penjualan sembako, karena jarak tempuh penjualan sembako akan menjadi lebih pendek.
SIMULASI PEMBAKARAN SERBUK BIOMASSA SEKAM PADI PADA	PROSES GASIFIKASI BERBASIS SOLAR CELL DENGAN VARIASI JUMLAH GLOWPLUG PADA PIPA
Authors: Suli Suliono
Published: April 2022

Gasification is the process of converting solid biomass into a combustible gas. The process is carried out in a reactor known as a gasifier. The gasification process which is modeled in the simulation in this soliworks flow simulation software includes combustion pipes, reactors, and syn-gas pipes. The fuel used is rice husk powder with a capacity of 10.15 kg with top 57 cm bottom 54 cm with a height of 60 cm. This study uses several variations of glowplug in the combustion pipe with an average glowplug unit temperature of 797.80 °C. The air will be exhaled by a blower with a speed of 2924 rpm. Until the incoming air rate passes through the gasification reactor and the gas shape is displayed in a contour simulation which has a length of 102.98 mm. Inside the gasifier reactor, the upper reactor temperature is 474.25 °C, the middle reactor is 330.55 °C, and the bottom reactor is 394.40 °C. While the pipe that has a glowplug gets an air speed of 5.54 m/s and a temperature of 67.74 °C.

Keywords: Gasification, Gasifier Reactor, Solidwork, Simulation, Flow Simulation, and Glowplug
APPLICATION OF SOLAR CELL SYSTEM FOR STREET LIGHTING AND INCREASING DIVERSIFICATION OF PROCESSED FISH FOR FISHERMEN AND HOUSEHOLD GROUPS TO INCREASE ECONOMIC RESILIENCE IN KELURAHAN LAMARU , KOTA BALIKPAPAN
Authors: Ulfah Maria , Andi Sri Irtawaty  , Armin  , Praseptia Gardiarini  , Dessy Handa Sari
Published: April 2022

The results of the survey and field observations to the Partner (Kelurahan Lamaru Balikpapan), the Balikpapan State Polytechnic Village Development team obtained information from interviews with the kelurahan that there were still RT-RT areas that lacked access to street lighting. Includes RT. 8, RT.19, RT 22, RT 23 RT 28. This lack of access to lighting results in frequent traffic accidents for motorists who cross the road and are not criminals at night or in dark conditions. In addition to the problems above, information was also obtained, that fish, which is one of the natural resources at partner locations, is still not optimally utilized because the average catch of residents is directly sold to traditional markets. as street lamp lighting in several RTs that have been determined above and Increasing Diversification of Processed Fish into Shredded and Nugget. The 5 lamp units that were installed were operating well and received a very positive appreciation by the residents. Residents are also given knowledge about solar cell technology and how to maintain the lamp unit so that its use can be maximized. The Village Development Team also conducted training on diversification of tongkol into shreds and nuggets to provide more value added which has an impact on improving the economy of residents at partner locations which is also accompanied by socialization related to the nutritional value of tongkol. In this Community Service Activity, this village development also carried out the handover of 5 units of village street lighting and a set of kitchen utensils for processing tongkol from the team to the kelurahan which was immediately received by the Lamaru village head.
Literasi Matematika dan Penanaman Nilai Kerja Sama Melalui Permainan Tradisional Asen Naga Kepada Anak Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Subakti Hani
Published: April 2022

Hasil observasi yang dilakukan di RT 08 Desa Karang Tunggal, banyak dijumpai anak-anak pada tingkat sekolah dasar cenderung lebih senang untuk memainkan gim online digadget mereka masing-masing. Sifat individual pada anak tingkat sekolah dasar menjadi lebih tinggi dan anak jarang bersosialisasi dengan teman sebayanya. Sikap individual dapat menyebabkan lunturnya sikap kerja sama. Kemampuan matematika anak pada tingkat sekolah dasar di RT 08 Desa Karang Tunggal tergolong rendah, dibuktikan saat dilakukannya tanya jawab tentang bentuk dan konsep bangun datar saat bimbingan belajar, mayoritas anak sekolah dasar pada kelas rendah tidak bisa menjawab ketika diberikan pertanyaan tentang bentuk dan konsep bangun datar. Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mengenalkan konsep matematika, bentuk bangun datar, konsep numerasi dan penanaman nilai kerja sama melalui permainan tradisional asen naga kepada anak sekolah dasar di RT 08 Desa Karang Tunggal. Melalui permainan asen naga anak dapat mengenal konsep matematika, bentuk bangun datar, konsep numerasi dan pentingnya sikap kerja sama, sekaligus melestarikan permainan tradisional yang hampir punah. Anak-anak sangat antusias dan senang ketika melakukan permainan asen naga, sebagian besar dari mereka setelah melakukan permainan asen naga dapat memahami konsep matematika, bentuk dangun datar, konsep numerasi, serta pentingnya memiliki sikap kerja sama karena dapat memupuk rasa sosial anak dan menciptakan kepedulian terhadap sesama.