bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risco de Paternidade após a Vasectomia: Uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura de 2011 a 2022
Authors: Macedo Éverton Silveira , Alencar Neto Nehemias Rodrigues  de , Lóssio Neto Cláudio Couto , Lyra Ricardo José Lisboa
Published: March 2023

A vasectomia é um método de planejamento familiar permanente, popular, bastante eficaz e de custo relativamente baixo. A vasectomia  é um método de planejamento familiar de custo relativamente baixo, sem grandes riscos para a vida e saúde do paciente, portanto torna-se com o tempo, muito procurada para evitar concepção. Este trabalho tem como objetivo geral realizar uma revisão sistemática em pesquisas de 2011 a 2022, sobre casos de falha na vasectomia provocada pela recanalização natural do paciente gerando assim filhos biológicos comprovados pelo exame comparativo do material genético dos pais. Tendo como objetivos específicos: a) Identificar quais artigos abordam diretamente sobre a falha da vasectomia entre 2011 a 2202; b) Analisar se existem casos de incidências e similaridade entre os artigos abordados; c) Descrever os principais achados das pesquisas selecionadas comparando-as. O método da pesquisa escolhido é uma revisão de literatura sistemática de caráter misto, foi utilizada como  para analisar a qualidade dos dados encontrados  a ferramenta Mixed “Methods Appraisal Too ” (MMAT), desenvolvida por Hong et al. (2018) descritivo e do tipo estudo de caso. Os artigos foram identificados a partir dos descritores: Vasectomia. Planejamento familiar. Recanalização.
Aeração Pulmonar e Posição Prona em Adultos com Covid-19: Revisão de Escopo
Authors: Santos Wine Suélhi dos , Santos Camilla Isis Rodrigues dos , Souza Helga Cecília Muniz de , Campos Shirley Lima , Brandão Daniella Cunha , Andrade Armèle Dornelas de
Published: March 2023

Esta revisão de escopo tem como objetivo descrever as repercussões da posição prona na aeração pulmonar de adultos com COVID-19 ventilados mecanicamente. Duas avaliadoras independentes realizaram a pesquisa nas bases de dados LILACS, PubMED, MEDLINE e SciELO. Incluímos estudos com avaliação das repercussões da posição prona na aeração e oxigenação pulmonar – PaO2/FiO2. Além da identificação das implicações nos dias de ventilação mecânica invasiva e mortalidade. Foram identificados 150 artigos e seis compuseram a amostra. Um total de 70 pacientes foram avaliados por meio de ultrassonografia pulmonar, tomografia de impedância elétrica e tomografia computadorizada de tórax, antes, durante e/ou após o posicionamento prona. Mesmo diante da heterogeneidade da amostra e protocolos utilizados a aeração pulmonar aumentou em algumas regiões pulmonares após a posição prona.
Fatores Condicionantes à Mortalidade de MPE’s – Micro e Pequenas Empresas no Brasil
Authors: Silva Liandra Costa da , Marinho Luiz Eduardo da Silva , Rodrigues Maikon Gomes , Andrade Jailza do Nascimento Tomaz
Published: March 2023

Este artigo faz uma abordagem acerca da mortalidade de micro e pequenas empresas brasileiras no âmbito nacional e estadual (Maranhão), com o objetivo de expor a relevância das MPE’s no cenário mercadológico e apresentar as possíveis causas da mortalidade dessas empresas considerando os aspectos que giram em torno da implementação das MPE’s e além disso, apresentar os conceitos e características desse porte empresarial. A problemática da pesquisa levantada é: Quais as principais justificativas para o índice de mortalidade das micro e pequenas empresas? O estudo foi realizado de forma qualitativa, exploratória, a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica. Como resultado, evidenciou-se que questões como a falta de planejamento, conhecimento e recursos, são os principais elementos que contribuem para a mortalidade dessas empresas.
Suicídio: A Família e os Impactos Psicológicos dos Enlutados
Authors: Silva Ane Marli Dantas da , Prado Letícia Vieira , Queiroz Maria do Socorro , Viana Luanna Joyce , Cajado Francisco José Lopes
Published: March 2023

A prática do suicídio atinge atualmente a totalidade das camadas sociais em todas as partes do mundo, não prevalecendo idade, sexo, cor, raça, etnia, credo, religião, classe social ou condição financeira. Muitos são os motivos que leva a pessoa a cometer o suicídio. Quando o ato se consuma, os membros da família enfrentam uma maratona de sofrimentos psicológicos de todas as ordens, pela dor da perda do ente querido. A pesquisa foi realizada através de buscas nos sites PubMed, Scielo Brasil e Google Acadêmico com os descritores suicídio e impactos psicológicos em artigos em língua portuguesa e inglesa. Foram selecionados vinte e sete trabalhos acadêmicos com informações relevantes que estão contidas neste trabalho e excluídos trabalhos com período de publicação superior a cinco anos, exceto obras que continham informações relevante e temporais. Os fatores para o cometimento do suicídio são notados no seio familiar, normalmente após os familiares sofrem com a perda de seus entes e por diversas motivações. A partir de então o sentimento de perda, de revolta, de desespero, de angústia e de raiva se instaura entre as pessoas, causando comoções diversas. Desta forma, esse trabalho objetivou analisar as questões inerentes as particularidades que envolvem o sofrimento da família enlutada, buscar entendimentos sobre as causas que levam as pessoas a se suicidarem, além de enfatizar acerca do papel do psicólogo na promoção de ações que possam amenizar o sofrimento da família.
Binge drinking em adolescentes está associado ao consumo de bebida alcóolica por familiares e melhor amigo?
Authors: Paiva Haroldo Neves de , Paiva Victor Seabra de , Paiva Paula Cristina Pelli
Published: March 2023

Um importante fator de risco é o consumo de bebida alcoólica, sendo a droga psicotrópica mais utilizada entre adolescentes. Objetivo foi avaliar prevalência do consumo de bebida alcóolica em binge em adolescentes de 14 anos e associação com consumo de bebidas alcoólicas por familiares e melhor amigo. Estudo transversal de base populacional utilizando os instrumentos AUDIT-C e questionário semiestruturado, para avaliar o consumo de bebida alcoólica. Os dados foram analisados de forma descritiva e analítica (p<0.05). A prevalência de beber em binge foi de 23,1%. Ao considerarmos o uso de bebidas alcoólicas por pais e amigos, verificou-se que o fato da mãe, pai, irmão e do melhor amigo beber estiveram associados com o beber em binge pelos adolescentes (p=0.001, p<0.0001, p<0.0001, p<0.0001) respectivamente. O binge drinking foi considerado alto, com início precoce e esteve associado ao consumo de bebida alcoólica pelo melhor amigo e pelo melhor amigo.
Desafios das Micro e Pequenas Empresas no Brasil: Uma Análise sobre o Papel do Gestor
Authors: Figueiredo Alexandre Leão de Castro , Lima Camila Lopes , Silva Francisca Jaiara Conceição da , Andrade Jailza Nascimento Tomaz
Published: March 2023

As Micro e Pequenas Empresas são fundamentais para a economia, produzir riquezas e participar de grande parte do Produto Interno Bruto – PIB do Brasil. Entretanto, o mercado é instável e existem inúmeros desafios como a falta de saberes de gestão, inexistência do capital de giro, má gestão de marketing e venda, entre outros que culminam na morte prematura dos empreendimentos. Nesse sentido, questiona-se: qual o papel do gestor no enfrentamento dos desafios das micro e pequenas empresas? Logo, o objetivo da pesquisa é compreender o papel do gestor no enfrentamento dos desafios das micro e pequenas empresas por meio de uma revisão de literatura de artigos, livros, e dados relacionados à temática. Os resultados obtidos apontam que os empresários passam por desafios recorrentes, onde estão relacionados: baixo interesse em cooperar com os concorrentes, não possuem saberes técnicos sobre comercializar, desconhecimento da clientela, passividade em relação à conquista de vantagens competitivas e nenhuma compreensão sobre a importância dos intangíveis nos negócios. Contudo, conclui-se que, o gestor é o agente de enfrentamento às adversidades e fundamental no êxito das micro e pequenas empresas no Brasil.
Metode Termografi Inframerah untuk Deteksi Dini Pepper yellow leaf curl virus pada Tanaman Cabai
Authors:   IPB University, Dumaria Triyani , Hidayat Sri Hendrastuti , Hidayat Purnama ,   Department of Plant Protection, IPB University,   Department of Plant Protection, IPB University
Published: March 2023

Infrared Thermography for Early Detection of Pepper yellow leaf curl virus on Chili Plants Observations of plant pests and diseases are generally carried out by looking for visual symptoms for each disease target. Agricultural technology 4.0 began to be used for the development of plant disease detection methods. It was reported that there were differences in color and temperature between diseased and healthy plants which could be recorded by a thermal camera. This study aimed to determine the potential of the FLIR One Pro-IOS thermal camera to record differences in color and temperature between viral-infected and healthy chili plants. Chili plants in the greenhouse that were inoculated with Pepper yellow leaf curl virus (PYLCV) experienced an increase in temperature 3 days after inoculation (28.62 ℃) compared to plants that were not inoculated with PYLCV (27.32 ℃). Digital image recording of chili leaf samples from the field showed that plants infected by multiple viruses (Chilli veinal mottle virus, Pepper mottle virus and PYLCV) has higher temperature than those infected with a single virus. The lowest and highest mean temperatures were recorded in plant samples infected with PepMV (17.74 ℃) and mixed infected by PYLCV and ChiVMV (25.68 ℃). Digital images of virus-infected plants tend to show a predominance of bright yellow, while virus-free plants showed a predominance of dark purple. Further analysis confirmed higher digital numbers for diseased plant images than healthy plants. The thermography method has the potential to be an early detection method because it can detect viral infection before visual symptoms appear.
Keefektifan Galur PGPR dalam Pengendalian Penyakit Karat Putih dan Peningkatan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Krisan
Authors:   Department of Plant Protection, IPB University, Wiyono Suryo , Suryaningsih Andika Septiana ,   Department of Plant Protection, IPB University, Pratiwi Astika Widhi ,   Department of Plant Protection, IPB University
Published: March 2023

Effectiveness of Various PGPR Lineage in Controlling White Rust Diseases and Growth Promotion of Chrysanthemum White rust disease caused by Puccinia horiana is the most destructive disease of Chrysanthemum in Indonesia. There was no available effective control measure against the disease in Indonesia. This research aimed to examine the potency of five strains of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) for controlling white rust disease on Chrysanthemum under field conditions. Five PGPR strains (Pseudomonas diminuta P14, Bacillus firmus J8, Lysinibacillus fusiformis C71, AKBR, AKS) and one commercially formulated PGPR were used in this study. The research was carried out in farmer fields with a randomized complete block experimental design. PGPR was applied by plant watering using bacterial suspension. All PGPR strains were effective in suppressing the white rust disease incidence and its severity. The most effective PGPR strain to suppress white rust disease was Bacillus firmus J8 and the most effective strain to increase the growth of Chrysanthemum plants was Lysinibacillus fusiformis C71. The five PGPR strains tested and commercial formulation increased the diameter of the flower.
Jakim językiem mówią politycy? Analiza poziomu czytelności exposé z wykorzystaniem Jasnopisu
Authors: Domagała Mateusz
Published: March 2023

Exposé is one of the most important political texts in Poland. The program speech contains key information regarding the plans of the new government for the term of office. With the development of political marketing and the role of the media in Poland, the exposé has become a form of communication not only as a message of programming, but also of image. The purpose of this article is to study the changes in the readability of the program speech in the 1989–2019 period. It is now possible thanks to the Jasnopis tool developed by Włodzimierz Gruszczyński’s team. It uses the experience of American and Polish researchers regarding the analysis of the level of text readability, including the formulas developed by Robert Gunning and Walery Pisarek. The evolution of the exposé, and above all the process of simplifying program speech, has not yet been described in the literature. This article is an attempt to describe the research on the readability of the text and to indicate the changes in the exposé and their reasons.
Identification of a novel NFKB2 mutation in a patient presenting with autoimmune cytopenia and generalized granulomatous lymphadenopathy
Authors: Al Ghamdi Abdulrahman , Sham Marina , Abrego Fuentes Laura , Vong Linda
Published: March 2023

Introduction: NF-κB proteins are transcription factors that modulate various functions of the immune system. NF-κB2 (or p100/p52) has particularly important roles in B cell development and function. Primary immunodeficiency due to mutations in the NFKB2 gene, encoding NF-κB2, range from combined immunodeficiency with susceptibility to viral or opportunistic infections to primarily antibody deficiency.

Methods: A comprehensive chart review of our patient was performed.

Results: Our patient, currently a 19-year-old male, presented with multiple autoimmune cytopenia resistant to treatment and generalized granulomatous lymphadenopathy. Whole exome sequencing identified a novel pathogenic variant in NFKB2 (c.1700C>T; p.A567V) that is the cause of our patient’s presentation.

Conclusion: We present a novel pathogenic variant in NFKB2 with an unusual presentation.

Statement of novelty: Here, we report a novel mutation in NFKB2 and the clinical presentation of the affected patient, which helps in further understanding the NF-κB2 pathway and its associated disease.
Comparison between the CIDR or sponge with hormone injection to induce estrus synchronization for twining and sex preselection in Naimi sheep
Authors: Alhimaidi Ahmad R. , Ammari Aiman A. , Alghadi Muath Q. , Amran Ramzi A. , Rady Ahmed M.
Published: March 2023

The management of sheep reproduction requires the induction and synchronization of the estrus cycle and ovulation for the ewe out-of-season and/or synchronized lambing. These managements are based on the insertion of an intravaginal device of controlled internal drug release (CIDR or sponge) and then the administration of a hormonal injection, such as PMSG, eCG, hCG, or GnRH. This study aimed to compare the impact of CIDR or sponges, with PMSG and GnRH injection, respectively, for inducing estrus synchronization, lambing rate, twining, and sex preselection rate in Naimi sheep. A total of 86 Naimi sheep ewes and six male rams with proven fertility were used in this study. The results showed that the first ewes or CIDR group had the highest ewe fertility rate of 26/28 (92.59%) with a 35/92 (38.04%) lamb production ratio. The offspring sex ratio was 22/35 males (62.85%) and 13/35 female lambs (37.14%). Their twin ratios were 9/22 (34.4%), producing 14 males (77.77%) and 13 females (37.14%). The second or sponge ewe group’s fertility ratio was 16/26 (61.53%). They sired the lowest offspring ratio of 20/92 total lambs (21.73%) and had sex ratios of 11/20 males (55.0%) and 9/20 (45.0%) female lambs. The twin production ratios were 4/22 (25% with two males and two males with female twins). Their twin sex ratio was six males (77.77%) and two females (22.34%). The third or control ewe group’s fertility rate was 29/33 (87.87%). They produced 37/92 (40.27%) lambs, and the total sex ratios were 22/37 male lambs (59.45%) and 15/35 (40.45%) female lambs. They produced eight twins (27.58%), and their twins’ sex was equal to six male and six female (50%) lambs. Regarding the progesterone and testosterone hormone levels, no differences during pre- or post-intravaginal insertion were observed, but the estrogen level showed some differences during pre-insertion. In conclusion, the use of CIDR with hormone injection is better for reproduction management, male lambing, and sex preselection rate. The control group produced approximately the same fertility rate with equal male and female lambing sex preselection rates.
Performance analysis and optimization of multichannel DWDM-FSO system under the effect of hostile weather conditions
Authors: Parkash Sooraj , Banga Amita
Published: March 2023

This paper successfully demonstrated simulated analysis and investigation of 100 multichannel DWDM-based FSO system having each channel data rate 10 GB/s separated by 100 GHz frequency spacing under adverse weather conditions such as haze, heavy rain and heavy dust fog. Apart from this, a comparison of two modulation formats RZ and NRZ has been performed to optimize the system performance under different climate conditions at diverse visibility ranges. The performances of the proposed work have been compared in terms of BER, Q-Factor, SNR, eye diagrams and received signal power on 193.1 THz. It has been observed that NRZ modulated system showed robust performance as compared to the RZ modulated system for transmitting 1 TB/s data rate over free space with acceptable values of BER ≥ e−22 & Q-Factor ≤ 9.6 dB.
Clinical correlation of 2D shear wave elastography findings in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus without autoimmune thyroiditis
Authors: Düzkalır Hanife Gülden , Aydıner Ömer , Söbü Elif , Dizman Rıdvan
Published: March 2023

Objectives

The aim of study was to evaluate the 2D shear wave sonoelastography (SWE) findings of the thyroid gland in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) with normal gray-scale findings and without thyroid autoimmunity (AIT) and obtain data that will be useful for the early detection of glandular involvement.

Methods

The study included 46 T1DM patients (mean age: 11.28 ± 3.3 years) and 46 healthy children (mean age: 12.01 ± 3.8 years) as the control group. The thyroid gland mean elasticity value was obtained as kPa and compared in groups. A correlation was investigated between elasticity values and age at diabetes, serum free T4, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), anti-thyroglobulin, anti-tissue peroxidase, and hemoglobin A1c values.

Results

No difference was found between T1DM patients and the control group in the thyroid 2D SWE evaluation (the median kPa value: 17.1 (10.2) in the study group and 16.8 (7.0) in the control group) (p=0.15). No significant correlation was found between 2D SWE kPa values and age at diagnosis, serum free T4, TSH, anti-thyroglobulin, anti-tissue peroxidase, and hemoglobin A1c levels in T1DM patients.

Conclusions

Our study showed that the elasticity of the thyroid gland in T1DM patients without AIT was not affected differently from that of the normal population. If 2D SWE is used in routine follow-up in T1DM patients before the development of AIT, we think that it will be useful in the early detection of thyroid gland affections and AIT, and long-term comprehensive studies in this direction will contribute to the literature.
Dysregulated lncRNAs are involved in the progress of myocardial infarction by constructing regulatory networks
Authors: Yang Jingqi , Yang Ming , Sheng Guotai
Published: March 2023

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) mediate important epigenetic regulation in a wide range of biological processes. However, the effect of all dysregulated lncRNAs in myocardial infarction (MI) is not clear. Whole transcriptome sequencing analysis was used to characterize the dynamic changes in lncRNA and mRNA expression. A gene network was constructed, and genes were classified into different modules using WGCNA. In addition, for all dysregulated lncRNAs, gene ontology analysis and cis-regulatory analysis were applied. The results demonstrated that a large number of the differentially co-expressed genes were primarily linked to the immune system process, inflammatory response, and innate immune response. The functional pathway analysis of the MEblue module included immune system process and apoptosis, and MEbrown included the T-cell receptor signal pathway by WGCNA. In addition, through cis-acting analysis of lncRNA regulation, the cis-regulated mRNAs were mainly enriched in immune system processes, innate immune responses, and VEGF signal pathways. We found that lncRNA regulation of mRNAs plays an important role in immune and inflammatory pathways. Our study provides a foundation to further understand the role and potential mechanism of dysregulated lncRNAs in the regulation of MI, in which many of them could be potential targets for MI.
Production and characterization of a bioflocculant produced by Proteus mirabilis AB 932526.1 and its application in wastewater treatment and dye removal
Authors: Nkosi Nkanyiso C. , Basson Albertus K. , Ntombela Zuzingcebo G. , Dlamini Nkosinathi G. , Maliehe Tsolanku S. , Pullabhotla Rajasekhar V. S. R.
Published: March 2023

Microbial flocculants affect the aggregation of suspended solutes in solutions, thus, they are a viable alternative to inorganic and organic synthetic flocculants which are associated with deleterious health problems. Moreover, a potential solution for wastewater treatment. The study aimed to produce and characterize a bioflocculant from Proteus mirabilis AB 932526.1 and apply it in domestic wastewater treatment and dye removal. The bioflocculant was extracted using butanol and chloroform (5:2 v/v). Carbohydrates, proteins, and uronic acid were identified using phenol-sulphuric acid, Bradford, and Carbazole essays. The morphology, crystallinity and elemental composition of the purified bioflocculant were determined using a Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction analysis and SEM energy dispersive elemental detector (SEM-EDX). The antimicrobial properties and dye removal efficiencies were evaluated. About 3.8 g/L yields of the purified bioflocculant were attained. Chemical composition analysis revealed the presence of 65 % carbohydrates, 10 % proteins, and 24 % uronic acids. The bioflocculant displayed an amorphous and crystalline structure. Bioflocculant further shows some remarkable properties as they can be able to inhibit the growth of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. The removal efficiencies of 85 % (COD), 82 % (BOD), and 81 % (SO4
2−) in domestic wastewater were achieved. Moreover, the high removal efficiency of staining dyes such as methylene blue (71 %), carbol fuchsin (81 %), safranin (83 %), methylene orange (90 %), and Congo red (90 %) were found. The produced bioflocculant can imply industrial applicability.
Exploring consumer behaviour in automatic dishwashing: a quantitative investigation of appliance usage in six European countries
Authors: Alt Thomas , Boivin Dorothée , Altan Mario , Kessler Arnd , Schmitz Angelika , Stamminger Rainer
Published: March 2023

Automatic dishwashing has been optimised in manifold ways during the last decades: new dishwashing devices (e.g. optimised for best class in energy labelling) and innovative dishwashing detergents (e.g. with advanced enzyme technologies). However, the usage of the automatic dishwasher in consumers’ home may not be adequate to gain all the benefits from these developments. Little is known about the actual consumer behaviour with automatic dishwashing. This was tried to solve by performing a survey on the consumer behaviour on automatic dishwashing in Germany, Italy, Spain, Poland, Hungary and Turkey covering large parts of Europe. The results show that the ‘eco’-programme is getting more importance in programme selection. However, feedback on the soil level of the dish items put into this programme and the observed duration of the programme show that the potential of the ‘eco’-programme is not fully utilised by consumers. Besides this, the survey delivers relevant details on differences which may help to understand the needs and wishes of consumers in those countries.
The Tapestry Series The Life of Man for Cosimo I de’ Medici: A Reconstruction and a Hypothesis as to Its Purpose
Authors: van Veen Henk Th.
Published: March 2023

In 1559 Cosimo I de’ Medici commissioned eight tapestries on the subject The Life of Man. These tapestries were destined for the room in the Palazzo Vecchio where Cosimo and his family dined during the winter season. Giorgio Vasari designed the series and Jan van der Straet was responsible for its cartoons; the tapestries were woven by Benedetto di Michele Squilli and Giovanni di Bastiano Sconditi. Until now three tapestries of the series are known to have been preserved. In this article I shall argue that a fourth tapestry can now be added to these three. I will also reconstruct the original appearance of the full series on The Life of Man and put forth a hypothesis as to the purpose it may have served in its original setting.
Electron density of a cyclic tetrasaccharide composed of benzoylated galactose units
Authors: Luger Peter , Dittrich Birger
Published: March 2023

The electron density distribution (EDD) of a cyclic tetrasaccharide composed of four benzoylated galactopyranosyl units was calculated from refinement with scattering factors from the invariom library based on X-ray diffraction data downloaded from the Crystal Structural Data Base (CSD). Bond topological and atomic properties have been derived. Benzoyl substituents cause weak intermolecular interactions. These are also visible from low electron density concentrations on the Hirshfeld surface and have an influence on a low X-ray density compared to that of non-substituted carbohydrates, where hydrogen bonds allow a 20% more dense packing. On the electrostatic potential (ESP) surface, a strong polarization between the positive outer belt of 12 benzoyl groups and a negative core region composed of the four galactose sugar molecules exists. The positive benzoyl exterior establishes a repulsive wall between adjacent molecules in the structure.
Synthesis, crystal structure, thermal and spectroscopic properties of ZnX2-2-methylpyrazine (X = Cl, Br, I) coordination compounds
Authors: Näther Christian , Jess Inke , Mangelsen Sebastian
Published: March 2023

Reaction of zinc(II) chloride, bromide and iodide with 2-methylpyrazine (2-Mepyz) leads to the formation of coordination compounds with the composition ZnX2(2-Mepyz)2 (X = Cl; 1-Cl, Br; 1-Br and I; 1-I). In the compounds each Zn cation is tetrahedrally coordinated by two halide anions and two 2-methylpyrazine ligands forming discrete complexes. TG-DTA and temperature dependent PXRD measurements prove that upon heating compounds 1 transform into new compounds with the composition ZnX2(2-Mepyz) (2), that are subsequently converted into compounds with the composition (ZnX2)3(2-Mepyz) (3) upon further heating. It was also found that compounds 2 can be prepared directly in solution. For ZnI2(2-Mepyz) (2-I) crystals were obtained and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction, whereas the crystal structures of 2-Cl and 2-Br were determined ab initio from PXRD data. In these compounds the Zn cations are also tetrahedrally coordinated and linked into chains by bridging 2-methylpyrazine ligands. The (ZnX2)3(2-Mepyz) compounds can only be obtained by thermal decomposition, and the products are of poor crystallinity and extremely hygroscopic, which prevented structure determinations.
High-pressure high-temperature preparation of CeGe3
Authors: Clark William P. , Ueltzen Katharina , Burkhardt Ulrich , Akselrud Lev , Grin Yuri , Schwarz Ulrich
Published: March 2023

The metastable compound CeGe3 was obtained by high-pressure high-temperature synthesis from pre-reacted Ce and Ge at 3 GPa of pressure and 1873 K, with subsequent annealing over several hours at 1173 K. The product crystallises in a 2 × 2 × 2 superstructure of the cubic Cu3Au-type structure with space group

F
m

3
‾

m

$Fm\overline{3}m$

and a = 8.6970(2) Å. CeGe3 decomposes at 520(10) K into CeGe2−x
and elemental Ge.
Energy, Exergy Investigation of Absorber Multilayered Composites Materials of a Solar Still in Algeria
Authors: Khechekhouche Abderrahmane , Zine Ali , Kabeel A. E. , Elmashad Yehia , Abdelgaied Mohamed , Laouini Abdeldjalil , El-Maghlany Wael M.
Published: March 2023

The supply of drinking water has become a major challenge, despite large but relatively polluted quantities of groundwater, especially in southeastern Algeria. The use of solar energy for water desalination has become the subject of many local and global researchers. To solve this problem, we carried out an experimental study on two solar stills with a single slope. One was provided by a new absorber designed with multilayer composite materials and the other still was taken as a reference or control. The dimensions of the solar still was 0.5 × 0.5 m and the thickness of the layer of water used was 0.01 m. The results obtained show that the quantity of fresh water produced from the modified solar still was 4,312 l/m2 per day, while that of the reference solar still was 4,488 l/m2 per day, showing a difference in productivity of 3 %.
Influence of GFRP Confining Tube Parameters in Double-Skin Tubular Short Columns under Axial Loading
Authors: Sharmila S. , Praveenkumar S. , Nivetha D.
Published: March 2023

Composite construction with steel and concrete has become a widespread solution in modern construction practices because of its inherent properties such as high strength-to-weight ratio, good corrosion resistance, and high stiffness. Concrete-filled fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) steel double-skin tubular compression members as vertical load–carrying members in buildings helps in optimizing the advantages of three materials: steel, concrete, and FRP. This study investigates the axial compressive behavior of short, concrete-filled glass fiber–reinforced polymer (GFRP) steel double-skin tubular (GSDST) columns and concrete-filled GFRP tubular (CFFT) columns. Parameters such as the number of FRP layers, hollow section ratio (HSR), variation of diameter of the inner steel tube, and the angle of orientation of the fibers have been examined in this investigation. The experimental study was carried out by performing a monotonic axial compressive loading condition. Three different angles of fiber orientation, 0° along the hoop direction, 45°, and 0°/90° with respect to the axis of the column, were adopted in this study. The ultimate load-carrying capacity, axial displacement, axial and horizontal strains, and failure modes were observed. The experimental results indicate that the structural performance of GSDST columns is significantly influenced by GFRP tube thickness, inner steel-tube diameter, and fiber-orientation angle. Maximum displacement was observed in the specimens with high HSR, thus showing a ductile characteristic in the axial load-displacement behavior. The load-carrying ability of the specimens decreased as the HSR increased. The load-carrying capacity of the specimens increased with the increase in outer GFRP tube thickness. This study demonstrates that GFRP tubes can be used efficiently in the construction field as vertical load–carrying components by enhancing the axial behavior of FRP steel double-skin tubular columns.
Gigacycle Fatigue Properties of Wrought Aluminum Alloys
Authors: Furuya Yoshiyuki , Nishikawa Hideaki , Hirukawa Hisashi , Nagashima Nobuo , Takeuchi Etsuo
Published: March 2023

Fatigue data sheets of the National Institute for Materials Science disclose the results of gigacycle fatigue tests conducted on wrought aluminum alloys. The materials tested were hot-rolled plates and extruded round bars of A5083P-O (two heats), A7075-T6 (three heats), and A6061-T6 (three heats). The fatigue testing methods were rotating-bending at 100 Hz, ultrasonic at 20 kHz, and uniaxial at 100 Hz. The rotating-bending fatigue tests were conducted for 3 years to reach 1010 cycles. The ultrasonic and uniaxial fatigue tests were also conducted at high stress ratios. This study analyzed the fatigue life data, clarifying frequency effects, presence or absence of fatigue limits, and stress ratio effects. The three types of fatigue tests revealed equivalent results, meaning that frequency effects and stress gradient effects were negligible in the wrought aluminum alloys. Frequency effects were visible in several cast aluminum alloys owing to the influence of humidity, but the wrought aluminum alloys were observed to be insensitive to humidity. Many specimens were fractured at >107 cycles, whereas the degradation of fatigue strength after 107 cycles was very small in A5083P-O but large in A7075-T6 and A6061-T6. A5083P-O revealed fatigue limits at around 107 cycles. The heat treatment effects determined the presence or absence of fatigue limits because the equivalent tensile strengths between A6061-T6 and A5083P-O excluded the possibility of tensile strength effects. The stress ratio effects on gigacycle fatigue strengths of the wrought aluminum alloys are reasonable and can be estimated in conventional ways.
Lesions to Caudomedial Nidopallium Impair Individual Vocal Recognition in the Zebra Finch
Authors: Yu Kevin , Wood William E. , Johnston Leah G. , Theunissen Frederic E.
Published: March 2023

Many social animals can recognize other individuals by their vocalizations. This requires a memory system capable of mapping incoming acoustic signals to one of many known individuals. Using the zebra finch, a social songbird that uses songs and distance calls to communicate individual identity (Elie and Theunissen, 2018), we tested the role of two cortical-like brain regions in a vocal recognition task. We found that the rostral region of the Cadomedial Nidopallium (NCM), a secondary auditory region of the avian pallium, was necessary for maintaining auditory memories for conspecific vocalizations in both male and female birds, whereas HVC (used as a proper name), a premotor areas that gates auditory input into the vocal motor and song learning pathways in male birds (Roberts and Mooney, 2013), was not. Both NCM and HVC have previously been implicated for processing the tutor song in the context of song learning (Sakata and Yazaki-Sugiyama, 2020). Our results suggest that NCM might not only store songs as templates for future vocal imitation but also songs and calls for perceptual discrimination of vocalizers in both male and female birds. NCM could therefore operate as a site for auditory memories for vocalizations used in various facets of communication. We also observed that new auditory memories could be acquired without intact HVC or NCM but that for these new memories NCM lesions caused deficits in either memory capacity or auditory discrimination. These results suggest that the high-capacity memory functions of the avian pallial auditory system depend on NCM.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMany aspects of vocal communication require the formation of auditory memories. Voice recognition, for example, requires a memory for vocalizers to identify acoustical features. In both birds and primates, the locus and neural correlates of these high-level memories remain poorly described. Previous work suggests that this memory formation is mediated by high-level sensory areas, not traditional memory areas such as the hippocampus. Using lesion experiments, we show that one secondary auditory brain region in songbirds that had previously been implicated in storing song memories for vocal imitation is also implicated in storing vocal memories for individual recognition. The role of the neural circuits in this region in interpreting the meaning of communication calls should be investigated in the future.
Structural Modularity Tunes Mesoscale Criticality in Biological Neuronal Networks
Authors: Okujeni Samora , Egert Ulrich
Published: March 2023

Numerous studies suggest that biological neuronal networks self-organize toward a critical state with stable recruitment dynamics. Individual neurons would then statistically activate exactly one further neuron during activity cascades termed neuronal avalanches. Yet, it is unclear if and how this can be reconciled with the explosive recruitment dynamics within neocortical minicolumnsin vivoand within neuronal clustersin vitro, which indicates that neurons form supercritical local circuits. Theoretical studies propose that modular networks with a mix of regionally subcritical and supercritical dynamics would create apparently critical dynamics, resolving this inconsistency. Here, we provide experimental support by manipulating the structural self-organization process of networks of cultured rat cortical neurons (either sex). Consistent with the prediction, we show that increasing clustering in neuronal networks developingin vitrostrongly correlates with avalanche size distributions transitioning from supercritical to subcritical activity dynamics. Avalanche size distributions approximated a power law in moderately clustered networks, indicating overall critical recruitment. We propose that activity-dependent self-organization can tune inherently supercritical networks toward mesoscale criticality by creating a modular structure in neuronal networks.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTCritical recruitment dynamics in neuronal networks are considered optimal for information processing in the brain. However, it remains heavily debated how neuronal networks would self-organize criticality by detailed fine-tuning of connectivity, inhibition, and excitability. We provide experimental support for theoretical considerations that modularity tunes critical recruitment dynamics at the mesoscale level of interacting neuron clusters. This reconciles reports of supercritical recruitment dynamics in local neuron clusters with findings on criticality sampled at mesoscopic network scales. Intriguingly, altered mesoscale organization is a prominent aspect of various neuropathological diseases currently investigated in the framework of criticality. We therefore believe that our findings would also be of interest for clinical scientists searching to link the functional and anatomic signatures of such brain disorders.
CEVİZ YAPRAK EKSTRELERİNİN ANTİOKSİDAN, ANTİMİKROBİYEL VE ANTİBİYOFİLM AKTİVİTESİ
Authors: YAPICI Sevilay , KIVANÇ Merih
Published: March 2023

Bu çalışmada ceviz (Juglans regia) yapraklarının su, etil asetat ve metanol ekstrelerinin antibiyofilm aktivitesi araştırılmıştır. Ekstrelerin antimikrobiyel ve antibiyofilm aktivitesi Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Aeromonas hydrophila ve Salmonella enterica, Staphylococcus warneri, Staphylococcus capitis, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium, E. faecalis, Listeria monocytogenes Serovar I, L. monocytogenes 19111, L. monocytogenes 4b 19115, L. ivanovii 19119, L. innocua 6a 33090, Streptococcus mutans, S. anginosus, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus safensis ve B. mojavensis’a karşı araştırılmıştır. Bütün ekstrelerinin S. mutans (1a103), S. mutans (2a7) ve S. aureus (GMC7) üzerinde antimikrobiyel aktivitesinin olmadığı diğer bakteriler üzerinde ise farklı oranlarda etki gösterdikleri belirlenmiştir. Su ekstresinin %99.20 metanol ekstresinin %95.05 ve etil asetat ekstresinin ise %95.22 oranlarına varan antibiyofilm etkilerinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ekstrelerin biyofilm oluşumunu azaltmada oluşmuş biyofilmi gideriminden daha etkili oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca en yüksek antioksidan aktiviteye etil asetat aktivitesinin sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir.
ÇİLEKLE ZENGİNLEŞTİRİLMİŞ MANDA YOĞURDUNUN KALİTE KARAKTERİSTİKLERİ İLE YAĞ ASİDİ KOMPOZİSYONU, ACE İNHİBİTÖR AKTİVİTE VE HMF İÇERİĞİ BAKIMINDAN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: TERZİOĞLU Murat Emre , ARSLANER Ayla , BAKIRCI İhsan
Published: March 2023

Mevcut araştırmada ABT-2 probiyotik kültür kullanılarak üretilen manda yoğurtlarına farklı oranlarda (%5, %7.5, %10) çilek püresinin yanı sıra %7.5 oranında şeker ilave edilmiş ve yağ asidi kompozisyonu, ACE inhibitör aktivite ve HMF içeriği açısından incelenmiştir. Ayrıca yoğurt örneklerinde meyve ilavesi ve depolama periyodunun fizikokimyasal, mikrobiyolojik ve duyusal analizler üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Manda yoğurduna çilek püresi ilavesinin minör seviyede bulunan çoklu doymamış yağ asitleri hariç tüm yağ asitleri, ACE inhibitör aktivite, HMF içeriği, fizikokimyasal, mikrobiyolojik ve duyusal analizler üzerine çok önemli (P < 0.01) etkisinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Meyve ilavesiyle toplam doymuş yağ asitleri ve ACE inhibitör aktivite seviyesinin azaldığı belirlenirken HMF içeriği, toplam tekli doymamış yağ asitleri ve toplam çoklu doymamış yağ asitleri seviyesinde artış saptanmıştır. Bu araştırma sonucunda manda yoğurdunun fonksiyonel gıda olarak tüketimi tavsiye edilebilmektedir.
Democracy for the Few
Authors: Crawford Beverly
Published: March 2023

A review and application of Degenerations of Democracy, by Craig Calhoun, Dilip Parameshwar Gaonkar, and Charles Taylor (hereafter, CGT); Liberalism and Its Discontents, by Francis Fukuyama; and How Democracies Live, by Stein Ringen. A strengthened liberal democratic culture is essential for the health and vitality of democracy. This culture is made up of three components: a cluster of liberal values (rule of law, freedom, equality, and reason), a democratic governing system grounded in popular sovereignty, and a collective experience of shared respect for liberal values and democratic institutions. Has this culture lost its strength? Is the collective experience and belief in democratic legitimacy disappearing? Are liberal values increasingly contested? All of the theorists under review address these questions. And for all, the answer is “yes, but….” They make strikingly similar arguments about the sources of this culture’s strength, the causes of its current weakness, and how it can be strengthened. The general thrust of these books is this: a strong liberal democracy rests on three cultural foundations: the strength of social bonds, the level of deliberative civil discourse, and the level of economic equality. The main challenge to this threefold foundation’s strength is neoliberalism, which all authors agree has led to liberal democracy’s decline. I draw on this argument as a guide to assess the strength of liberal democracy in a small population living in rural Alpine County, California. I find that although it is relatively small and isolated, the drivers of democratic decline have found their way into this tiny community. Some aspects of liberal democratic culture have remained strong (voter turnout and volunteerism are high, and many citizens serve in elected office and on government committees); others, however, have weak roots that were never cultivated and continue to weaken further (equality, inclusion, open debate). Finally, I suggest that to strengthen liberal democracy, citizens must participate in it and leaders must work for the good of the entire community, not just the few.
Diagnostic criteria and proposed management of immune-related endocrinopathies following immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy for cancer
Authors: Percik Ruth , Criseno Sherwin , Adam Safwaan , Young Kate , Morganstein Daniel L
Published: March 2023

Checkpoint inhibitors are now widely used in the management of many cancers. Endocrine toxicity is amongst the most common side effects. These endocrinopathies differ from most other immune-related toxicities in frequently being irreversible and rarely requiring cessation of checkpoint inhibitor therapy. This review considers an approach to the presentation and diagnosis of endocrinopathies, compared to classical endocrine diagnosis, suggesting improvements to classification and treatment based on fundamental endocrine principles. These will help to align management with other similar endocrine conditions and standardise the diagnosis and reporting of endocrine toxicity of checkpoint inhibitors to improve both endocrine and oncological care. In particular, the importance of considering any inflammatory phase (such as painful thyroiditis or hypophysitis resulting in the pituitary enlargement), from the endocrine consequences (transient hyperthyroidism followed by hypothyroidism, pan-hypopituitarism or isolated adrenocorticotrophic hormone deficiency), is highlighted. It is also important to consider the potential confounder of exogenous corticosteroids in adrenal suppression.
LA CIUDAD COMO ESPACIO PARA LA NEUROSIS: EL CINE DE WOODY ALLEN Y LA SERIE "FLEABAG" (2016-2019)
Authors: Gil Martínez María
Published: March 2023

El presente artículo analizará las divergencias neuróticas que se camuflan en el espacio urbano de la ciudad fílmica contemporánea: aquellas rupturas sutiles que se relacionan con la vida en la urbe y que están vinculadas al malestar de la metrópolis hiperestimulante, que perviven en la ciudad posmoderna. Así, se aplicará un marco conceptual derivado de las propuestas de autores como Georg Simmel, Sigmund Freud, Michel Foucault, Gilles Deleuze y Felix Guattari sobre el trastorno y el psicoanálisis, para centrarnos en el estudio de dos casos concretos: por un lado, el cine del reconocido neurótico Woody Allen, muy relacionado con Nueva York, pero también con algunas capitales europeas. Por otro, la más reciente serie de televisión Fleabag (2016-2019), creada por Phoebe Waller-Bridge, ambientada en el Londres contemporáneo.
Territorio e lugar en César Portela (1970-2001)
Authors: Rodríguez-Caramés Santiago
Published: March 2023

Como figura fundamental para entender o desenvolvemento da arquitectura e o pensamento arquitectónico galegos no último terzo do século XX, a reflexión sobre o territorio en César Portela (Pontevedra, 1937) pode ser rastrexada ao longo de toda a súa carreira. En efecto, este período está caracterizado por un maior debate profesional e unha maior sensibilidade para dar respostas ás problemáticas concretas do país galego emanadas dos modelos de desenvolvemento máis lesivos co seu territorio. Dunha banda, abordarase a creación das novas institucións profesionais nos setenta ou a presenza de mestres como Rossi ou Bar Bóo como influencias nas posicións de Portela, a aplicación de conceptos como a «remodelación análoga» de Rossi ou de perspectivas analíticas e expresivas como a do rexionalismo crítico. Doutro lado, analizaranse diferentes modos da súa «arquitectura do territorio», desde os grandes formatos e a rehabilitación de amplos espazos até as prácticas de restitución do «lugar».
KASTEN ÖLDÜRME SUÇUNUN BİR BAŞKA SUÇ DOLAYISIYLA İŞLENMESİ NİTELİKLİ HALLERİ (TCK m. 82/1-h-i)
Authors: AKSAN Murat
Published: March 2023

Bu çalışmanın konusu kasten öldürme suçunun iki nitelikli şeklini oluşturan, TCK m. 82/1-h ve i’de düzenlenen bir suçu gizlemek, delillerini ortadan kaldırmak veya işlenmesini kolaylaştırmak ya da yakalanmamak amacıyla öldürme ile bir suçu işleyememekten duyulan infialle öldürmedir. Çalışmada öncelikle bir başka suçla kasten öldürme suçu arasındaki ilişki belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bir başka suç dolayısıyla işlenen öldürmenin daha fazla cezalandırılmasının nedenleri açıklanmaya gayret edilmiştir. Ayrıca kasten öldürmenin işlenmesinin nedeni olan bir başka suçtan ne anlaşılması gerektiği ortaya konulmuştur. Özellikle gizleme amacıyla öldürmede gizleme amacının soruşturma ve kovuşturmadan kurtulmak için mi yoksa itibar kaybı, mesleki, sosyal, ekonomik dezavantajlardan korunmak gibi başka nedenleri de kapsayıp kapsamadığı konusuna değinilmiştir. Keza bir başka suç nedeniyle işlenen kasten öldürme suçunun olası kastla veya ihmali davranışla işlenip işlenemeyeceği gibi konular ele alınmıştır. Bir suçun işlenmesini kolaylaştırmak için öldürmenin bir suçu gizlemek amacıyla öldürmeden farkı açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Bir suçu işleyememekten duyulan infialle öldürme nitelikli halinin şartları, özellikleri incelenmiştir.