bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Total intravenous anaesthesia using propofol and sufentanil allows controlled long-term ventilation in rabbits without neuromuscular blocking agents
Authors: Reupke Verena , Walliser Karoline , Perl Thorsten , Kimmina Sarah , Schraepler Anke , Quintel Michael , Kunze-Szikszay Nils
Published: July 2016

The aim of this study was to evaluate a total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) protocol using propofol and sufentanil without neuromuscular blocking agents (NBAs) for a non-recovery lung pathology study in rabbits including 10 h of pressure-controlled ventilation. TIVA was started with 20 mg/kg/h propofol and 0.5 µg/kg/h sufentanil. The depth of anaesthesia was assessed by reflex testing and monitoring of spontaneous movements or respiratory efforts. Vital parameters were monitored to assess the effects of the TIVA protocol. The infusion rates were increased whenever reflex testing indicated inadequate depth of anaesthesia, and were reduced when vital parameters indicated unnecessarily deep levels. Median infusion rates of 35 mg/kg/h propofol and 2.0 µg/kg/h sufentanil were needed to ensure an adequate depth of anaesthesia. This protocol suppressed spontaneous movements, breathing and palpebral reflexes, but was unable to suppress corneal and pedal withdrawal reflexes. Since significant drops in arterial blood pressure (ABP) were observed and the animals were not exposed to painful procedures, positive corneal and pedal withdrawal reflexes were tolerated. In conclusion, propofol and sufentanil is a suitable combination for long-term anaesthesia in non-recovery lung pathology models in rabbits without painful procedures. ABP must be monitored carefully because of the circulatory side-effects, but it is an inappropriate surrogate marker for depth of anaesthesia. Due to the lack of neuromuscular blockade this TIVA protocol allows the adjustment of infusion rates based on reflex testing. The resulting decreased risk of unnoticed awareness is a decisive refinement in anaesthesia for similar studies including long-term mechanical ventilation in rabbits.
Louis-Ferdinand Céline, literary genius or national pariah? Defining moral parameters for influential cultural figures, post-Charlie Hebdo
Authors: Catani Damian
Published: July 2016

In January 2011 the French Minister of Culture, Frédéric Mitterrand, withdrew Louis-Ferdinand Céline from a list of canonical French authors specifically selected for a national celebration of culture. This bold decision was deeply divisive: while many welcomed Mitterrand’s intervention, a number of prominent writers, some of them Jewish, opposed it on the grounds that Céline’s unacceptable political beliefs – expressed in three anti-Semitic pamphlets and his flirtation with Nazism – should not overshadow his literary genius. In the light of this controversy, and of the rise in anti-Semitism following the Charlie Hebdo attacks of January 2015, this paper proposes Céline as a vital case study of the moral parameters a democratic nation should apply to a culturally important figure whose political views are deemed unacceptably reactionary.
The weight of a portrait: Caricatura and industrial violence after the Charlie Hebdo attack
Authors: Morel Olivier
Published: July 2016

‘It’s vital’, Luz told his friend the publisher Alain David in mid-February 2015, when he called him. Luz’s book Catharsis, written in the aftermath of the Charlie Hebdo attacks, was completed in record time. The book revolves around an impossible drawing. It is the proper name of the event called ‘attack on Charlie Hebdo, January 7, 2015’. ‘The’ drawing, ‘ le dessin’ is what Luz cannot draw and translate, cannot express and figure without re-engaging the very nature of figurability.

Luz converses with ghostly visitations, and while doing so, he re-enacts a foundation of the figuration process that Georges Didi-Huberman calls the ‘dialectique du visuel’ (1992: 53–84). The image breaks down the usual distinction between watching and being watched. This powerful act of refiguring after a violent de-figuration, this artistic redemption, is a political response to a political assassination that targets a regime of visibility while raising central questions about what it means to create a portrait in the age of industrial violence. In a way, Luz’s Catharsis is not a ‘testimony’: it is an attempt to redeem a visual horizon that was torn by the attackers of 7 January.
What does ‘green’ open access mean? Tracking twelve years of changes to journal publisher self-archiving policies
Authors: Gadd Elizabeth , Troll Covey Denise
Published: July 2016

Traces the 12-year self-archiving policy journey of the original 107 publishers listed on the SHERPA/RoMEO Publisher Policy Database in 2004, through to 2015. Maps the RoMEO colour codes (‘green’, ‘blue’, ‘yellow’ and ‘white’) and related restrictions and conditions over time. Finds that while the volume of publishers allowing some form of self-archiving (pre-print, post-print or both) has increased by 12% over the 12 years, the volume of restrictions around how, where and when self-archiving may take place has increased 119%, 190% and 1000% respectively. A significant positive correlation was found between the increase in self-archiving restrictions and the introduction of Gold paid open access options. Suggests that by conveying only the version of a paper that authors may self-archive, the RoMEO colour codes do not address all the key elements of the Bethesda Definition of Open Access. Compares the number of RoMEO ‘green’ publishers over time with those meeting the definition for ‘redefined green’ (allowing embargo-free deposit of the post-print in an institutional repository). Finds that RoMEO ‘green’ increased by 8% and ‘redefined green’ decreased by 35% over the 12 years. Concludes that the RoMEO colour codes no longer convey a commitment to green open access as originally intended. Calls for open access advocates, funders, institutions and authors to redefine what ‘green’ means to better reflect a publisher’s commitment to self-archiving.
Reliability of a measurement method for the cross-sectional area of the longus colli using real-time ultrasound imaging
Authors: O’Riordan Cliona , Van De Ven Pepijn , Nelson John , McCreesh Karen , Clifford Amanda
Published: July 2016

Objective

Real-time ultrasound imaging is an established objective outcome measurement with proven reliability. However, it is still largely biased by user-ability. Published research in the area of real-time ultrasound imaging reliability in the cervical region and in particular the deep cervical flexors is quite sparse. The purpose of this investigation was to examine if a novice ultrasound user could agree favourably with an experienced ultrasound sonographer in measuring the cross-sectional area of the longus colli.

Methods

Ultrasound images were captured from 22 healthy subjects on two different occasions, one week apart, by a novice ultrasound user. They were acquired using a GE Healthcare LOGIQe ultrasound machine, at a depth of 3–4 cm with the transducer frequency set to 8 MHz, in line with previous research guidelines. Cross-sectional area was then measured on-screen by both a novice and experienced ultrasound user to determine inter-rater reliability. Intra-rater reliability was also analysed using cross-sectional area figures from days one and two.

Results

Intra-rater reliability for real-time ultrasound imaging for the cross-sectional area of the longus colli was “excellent” (intra-class correlation 0.90, 95% CI 0.82–0.95). Inter-rater reliability was “moderate” but in keeping with previous published research (intra-class correlation 0.61, 95% CI 0.37–0.77).

Conclusion

Difficulties in identifying the borders of the longus colli muscle due to its deep anatomical location and surrounding structures make it difficult for assessors to agree favourably on cross-sectional area measurements, leading to “moderate” levels of inter-rater reliability and poor agreement. Intra-rater reliability is excellent, and in this instance indicates that a novice user can be just as reliable as a more experienced ultrasound user.
Measuring non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant levels: When is it appropriate and which methods should be used?
Authors: Drouet Ludovic , Bal dit Sollier Claire , Steiner Thorsten , Purrucker Jan
Published: July 2016

Background

Although the need for an emergency intervention may merit laboratory measurement of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant (NOAC) concentration or anticoagulant activity, NOACs are not supposed to require routine monitoring due to their stable pharmacological profiles compared with warfarin.

Aims

To examine situations where NOAC measurement may be useful and to provide information about methodologies available to measure NOAC-related anticoagulation activity.

Summary of review

The routine coagulation tests, including prothrombin time, thrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and international normalized ratio, have variable sensitivities to NOACs. Tests have been developed for use with specific NOACs, e.g. diluted thrombin time or chromogenic factor Xa assays. In emergency situations, such as severe bleeding, stroke, or a requirement for urgent surgery or procedures, there may be a need to assess anticoagulant activity to guide clinical decision making. In cases where neutralization of the anticoagulant effect is warranted, specific reversal agents are likely to become invaluable medical tools. Evidence to date suggests that dosing decisions for NOACs based on clinical features (e.g. age or renal function) can help optimize the benefit–risk balance without assessment of anticoagulant activity in non-emergency routine situations.

Conclusions

Regular monitoring of NOAC levels does not provide benefits and cannot be recommended at present. In some specific circumstances, e.g. severe bleeding, before urgent surgery, or before thrombolysis, measurement may be beneficial to assess whether a patient is actively anticoagulated. The availability of NOAC-specific reversal agents may change management practices in emergencies.
The antigenic complex in HIT binds to B cells via complement and complement receptor 2 (CD21)
Authors: Khandelwal Sanjay , Lee Grace M. , Hester C. Garren , Poncz Mortimer , McKenzie Steven E. , Sachais Bruce S. , Rauova Lubica , Kelsoe Garnett , Cines Douglas B. , Frank Michael , Arepally Gowthami M.
Published: July 2016

Key Points

PF4/heparin ultra-large complexes activate complement and bind preferentially to B cells via CR2 (CD21). Complement-fixed PF4/heparin complexes can be detected on circulating B cells in patients receiving heparin therapy.
The evaluation of a health education campaign on the use of leave from work during pregnancy
Authors: Mastrangelo Giuseppe , Lange John H , Fadda Emanuela , Agostini Ornella , Agnesi Roberto , Bardin Andrea , Cegolon Luca
Published: July 2016

Background

The Italian Protective Maternity Legislation allows a woman to apply for early maternity leave from work during pregnancy if she is affected by health problems (option A) or if her working conditions are incompatible with pregnancy (option B). A community based health education program, implemented between 1995 to 1998 in North Eastern Italy, provided counseling (by a team of gynecologists, pediatricians, geneticists, psychologists and occupational physicians), and an information leaflet detailing the risks during pregnancy and the governmental benefits available to expectant mothers. This leaflet was distributed to women who were under occupational medical surveillance and to women attending any healthcare office and outpatient department and was also mailed to women working at home as shoemakers.

The effectiveness of this intervention has been evaluated in this investigation using an evidence based approach.

Methods

A quasi-experimental design was adopted, applying several outcome measurements before (1989 to 1994) and after (1999 to 2005) the intervention. The outcome (ratio B/A) is the number of women receiving approval for B (circumstance where the pregnant woman is employed to undertake activities forbidden under the Article 7 of Law 151/2001, and it is impossible to change her duties) to those receiving approval for A (risky pregnancy due to personal medical conditions, Article 17 of the same Law). A linear regression coefficient (for B/A against years) was obtained separately for time periods "before" (1989-94) and "after" (1999-2005) the intervention program. The two regression coefficients were compared using a t-test.

Results

The trend over-time for the ratio B/A was steady before the initial intervention (y = 0.008x - 16.087; t = 2.09; p > 0.05) then increased considerably (y = 0.0426x - 84.89; t = 19.55; p < 0.001) in coincidence with the start of the education campaign. There was a significant difference between the two regression coefficients (t = 7.58; p < 0.001).

Conclusion

From a bureaucratic perspective Option B is far more complicated than A. In fact it implies an active approach involving an arrangement between the claimant and the employer, who has to certify to the relevant Authority that the woman's working conditions are incompatible with pregnancy. The increasing number of women availing of option B, as recommended, therefore suggests the suitability of such educational campaign(s).
Ewes With Divergent Cortisol Responses to ACTH Exhibit Functional Differences in the Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis
Authors: Hewagalamulage Sakda D. , Clarke Iain J. , Rao Alexandra , Henry Belinda A.
Published: July 2016

Within any population, the cortisol response to ACTH covers a considerable range. High responders (HRs) exhibit a greater cortisol secretory response to stress or ACTH, compared with individuals classified as low cortisol responders (LRs). We administered ACTH (0.2 μg/kg, iv) to 160 female sheep and selected subpopulations of animals as LR and HR. In the present study, we aimed to characterize the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis in HR and LR and to identify factors that underlie the differing cortisol responses to ACTH. Hypothalami, pituitaries, and adrenals were collected from nonstressed HR and LR ewes. Expression of genes for CRH, arginine vasopressin (AVP), oxytocin, glucocorticoid receptor, and mineralocorticoid receptor were measured by in situ hybridization in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, and proopiomelanocortin (POMC) gene expression was measured in the anterior pituitary. Expression of CRH, AVP, and POMC was higher in HR, with no differences in either glucocorticoid receptor or mineralocorticoid receptor expression. Oxytocin expression was greater in LR. In the adrenal gland, real-time PCR analysis indicated that expression of the ACTH receptor and a range of steroidogenic enzymes was similar in HR and LR. Adrenal weights, the cortex to medulla ratio and adrenal cortisol content were also similar in LR and HR. In conclusion, LR and HR display innate differences in the steady-state expression of CRH, AVP, oxytocin, and POMC, indicating that selection for cortisol responsiveness identifies distinct subpopulations that exhibit innate differences in the gene expression/function of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis markers.
Learning about natural variation of odor mixtures enhances categorization in early olfactory processing
Authors: Locatelli Fernando F. , Fernandez Patricia C. , Smith Brian H.
Published: July 2016

Natural odors are typically mixtures of several chemical components. Mixtures vary in composition among odor objects that have the same meaning. Therefore a central ‘categorization’ problem for an animal as it makes decisions about odors in natural contexts is to correctly identify odor variants that have the same meaning and avoid variants that have a different meaning. We propose that identified mechanisms of associative and nonassociative plasticity in early sensory processing in the insect antennal lobe and mammalian olfactory bulb are central to solving this problem. Accordingly, this plasticity should work to improve categorization of odors that have the opposite meanings in relation to important events. Using synthetic mixtures designed to mimic natural odor variation among flowers, we studied how honey bees learn about and generalize among floral odors associated with food. We behaviorally conditioned honey bees on a difficult odor discrimination problem using synthetic mixtures that mimic natural variation among snapdragon flowers. We then employed calcium imaging to measure responses of projection neurons of the antennal lobe, which is the first synaptic relay of olfactory sensory information in the brain, to study how ensembles of projections neurons change as a result of behavioral conditioning. We show how these ensembles become ‘tuned’ through plasticity to improve categorization of odors that have the different meanings. We argue that this tuning allows more efficient use of the immense coding space of the antennal lobe and olfactory bulb to solve the categorization problem. Our data point to the need to a better understanding of the ‘statistics’ of the odor space.
Mesenchymal stem cell implantation in atrophic nonunion of the long bones
Authors: Ismail H.D. , Phedy P. , Kholinne E. , Djaja Y. P. , Kusnadi Y. , Merlina M. , Yulisa N. D.
Published: July 2016

Objectives

To explore the therapeutic potential of combining bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and hydroxyapatite (HA) granules to treat nonunion of the long bone.

Methods

Ten patients with an atrophic nonunion of a long bone fracture were selectively divided into two groups. Five subjects in the treatment group were treated with the combination of 15 million autologous BM-MSCs, 5g/cm3(HA) granules and internal fixation. Control subjects were treated with iliac crest autograft, 5g/cm3HA granules and internal fixation. The outcomes measured were post-operative pain (visual analogue scale), level of functionality (LEFS and DASH), and radiograph assessment.

Results

Post-operative pain evaluation showed no significant differences between the two groups. The treatment group demonstrated faster initial radiographic and functional improvements. Statistically significant differences in functional scores were present during the first (p = 0.002), second (p = 0.005) and third (p = 0.01) month. Both groups achieved similar outcomes by the end of one-year follow-up. No immunologic or neoplastic side effects were reported.

Conclusions

All cases of nonunion of a long bone presented in this study were successfully treated using autologous BM-MSCs. The combination of autologous BM-MSCs and HA granules is a safe method for treating nonunion. Patients treated with BM-MSCs had faster initial radiographic and functional improvements. By the end of 12 months, both groups had similar outcomes. Cite this article: H.D. Ismail, P. Phedy, E. Kholinne, Y. P. Djaja, Y. Kusnadi, M. Merlina, N. D. Yulisa. Mesenchymal stem cell implantation in atrophic nonunion of the long bones: A translational study. Bone Joint Res 2016;5:287–293. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.57.2000587.
The use of intraoperative parathyroid hormone monitoring in minimally invasive parathyroid surgery
Authors: Helbrow J , Owais AE , Sidwell AG , Frank LM , Lucarotti ME
Published: July 2016

Introduction

Surgery is the first-line management option for patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT). Minimally invasive parathyroidectomy (MIP) is now preferable but few centres offer this service, mainly because of lack of intraoperative parathyroid hormone (IOPTH) testing. The aim of this study was to identify whether the measurement of IOPTH in patients having minimally invasive parathyroidectomy for pHPT alters their management.

Methods

A retrospective review was carried out of 78 consecutive patients who underwent parathyroid surgery by a single surgeon with a special interest in parathyroid surgery. The clinical impact of IOPTH monitoring was recorded postoperatively in a timely manner. Serum adjusted calcium levels were checked preoperatively (on admission) and one month postoperatively; normalisation was considered a cure.

Results

In the setting of curative MIP, IOPTH measurement did not influence the management in any of the patients but it could have led to bilateral parathyroid exploration (BPE) in three instances. Similarly, in cases that required lengthening of the MIP incision, IOPTH results did not influence patient management although it could have led to BPE in one case.

Conclusion

MIP offers an effective cure for patients with hyperparathyroidism. The addition of IOPTH testing adds increased expense, operating time and risk to patients otherwise suitable for MIP.
Inequalities for hyperconvex sets
Authors: Fodor Ferenc , Kurusa Árpád , Vígh Viktor
Published: July 2016

An r-hyperconvex body is a set in the d-dimensional Euclidean space 𝔼
d
that is the intersection of a family of closed balls of radius r. We prove the analogue of the classical Blaschke–Santaló inequality for r-hyperconvex bodies, and we also establish a stability version of it. The other main result of the paper is an r-hyperconvex version of the reverse isoperimetric inequality in the plane.
Symmetric subspaces of SE(3)
Authors: Löwe Harald , Wu Yuanqing , Carricato Marco
Published: July 2016

Being a Lie group, the group SE(3) of orientation preserving motions of the real Euclidean 3-space becomes a symmetric space (in the sense of O. Loos) when endowed with the multiplication µ(g, h) = gh
−1
g. In this note we classify all connected symmetric subspaces of SE(3) up to conjugation. Moreover, we indicate some of its important applications in robot kinematics.
Effect of PHB on the properties of biodegradable PLA blends
Authors: Vanovčanová Zuzana , Alexy Pavol , Feranc Jozef , Plavec Roderik , Bočkaj Ján , Kaliňáková Leona , Tomanová Katarína , Perďochová Dagmara , Šariský Dávid , Gálisová Ivana
Published: July 2016

Blends of biodegradable polymers polylactic acid/thermoplastic starch/polyhydroxybutyrate (PLA/TPS/PHB) were prepared using a twin-screw extruder. The TPS content was constant (50 %) and the PHB content in the blends was gradually changed from 0 mass % to 20 mass %. TPS was prepared by melting, where a mixture of native starch, water and glycerol was fed into the twin-screw extruder. Average temperature of extrusion was 180 °C and the concentration of glycerol was 40 mass %. Influence of the PHB concentration in the blend and that of the processing technology on the mechanical and rheological properties of the PLA/PHB composition containing TPS were studied. Mechanical properties were measured 24 h after the film and monofilament preparation and also after the specific storage time to study the effect of storage on the properties. The results indicate that differences in morphology strongly influence the mechanical properties of the studied materials with identical material composition.
Production of high-content galacto-oligosaccharides mixture using β-galactosidase and Kluyveromyces marxianus entrapped in polyvinylalcohol gel
Authors: Tokošová Silvia , Hronská Helena , Rosenberg Michal
Published: July 2016

The production of a high-content galacto-oligosaccharides mixture (GOS) by immobilised
Fuzzy and Regression Modeling for Nd: YAG Laser Cutting of Ti-6Al-4V Superalloy Sheet
Authors: Rajamani D. , Tamilarasan A.
Published: July 2016

Titanium super alloys are known as one of the difficult-to-cut materials through conventional machining processes, although it has superior characteristics. As well, laser cutting process is highly non-linear complex process which involves several process variables. With attention of many process variables, it is difficult to develop a precise functional relationship between input and output variables. Therefore, the aim of present work to predict the performance characteristics of kerf deviation and metal removal rate on the Nd-YAG laser cutting of Titanium (Ti-6Al-4V) super alloy sheet using fuzzy and regression modeling techniques. The pulse width, pulse energy, cutting speed and gas pressure were considered as process state variables. The experiments were conducted using RSM based box-behnken design methodology. A fuzzy rule based models were developed to predict the responses. The predicted fuzzy and regression results were compared and examined with experimental results. It is remarkable that, obtained R2 and average error values for each response are very consistent with small variations. Thus, the developed fuzzy model can be effectively used to predict laser cutting parameters in automated manufacturing environments to reduce the complexity of process planning activities.
Temperature study of magnetic resonance spectra of co-modified (Co,N)-TiO2nanocomposites
Authors: Guskos Nikos , Typek Janusz , Zolnierkiewicz Grzegorz , Guskos Aleksander , Berczynski Pawel , Dolat Diana , Mozia Sylwia , Aidinis Konstantinos , Kruk Konrad , Morawski Antoni W.
Published: July 2016

The (nCo,N)-TiO2(n = 1, 5 and 10 wt.% of Co) nanocomposites were investigated by magnetic resonance spectroscopy in 4 K to 290 K range. Analyses of ferromagnetic/electron paramagnetic resonance (FMR/EPR) spectra in terms of four Callen lineshape components revealed the existence of two types of magnetic centers, one derived from metallic cobalt nanoparticles in superparamagnetic (SPM) phase and the other from cobalt clusters in the TiO2lattice. Additionally, at low temperature the EPR spectrum arising from Ti3+ ions was also registered. Both relaxations of the Landau-Lifshitz type and the Bloch-Bloembergen type played an important role at high temperature in determining the linewidths and the latter relaxation was prevailing at low temperature. Analysis of the integrated intensity showed that the SPM signal is due to small size FM cobalt nanoparticles while the paramagnetic signal from Co clusters originates from those nanoparticles in which the concentration of magnetic polarons is below the percolation threshold.
Site preference and electronic structure of Mn2RhZ (Z = Al, Ga, In, Si, Ge, Sn, Sb): a theoretical study
Authors: Ren Zhi , Liu Yang , Li Songtao , Zhang Xiaohong , Liu Heyan
Published: July 2016

The electronic structure and magnetism of Mn2RhZ (Z = Al, Ga, In, Si, Ge, Sn, Sb) Heusler alloys have been studied by using first-principles calculations. Three half-metallic ferromagnets, namely, Mn2RhAl, Mn2RhGe and Mn2RhSb have been considered. The calculated equilibrium lattice constant increases with increasing atomic number of Z atoms lying in same column of periodic table. The calculated total magnetic moments Mtot are 2 µB/f.u. for Mn2RhAl and Mn2RhGa, 3 µB/f.u. for Mn2RhSi, Mn2RhGe and Mn2RhSn, and 4 µB/f.u. for Mn2RhSb, which agrees with the Slater-Pauling curve quite well. In all these compounds, except for Mn2RhSb, the moments of Mn (A) and Mn (B) are antiparallel to each other. The total magnetic moments of the three considered half-metals assume integral values in a wide range of equilibrium lattice parameters.
Electronic structure, first and second order physical properties of MPS4: a theoretical study
Authors: Dahame Tahar , Bentria Bachir , Faraoun Houda , Benghia Ali , Reshak A.H.
Published: July 2016

We have calculated the electronic structure and physical properties of metal thiophosphate compounds InPS4and AlPS4by means of pseudopotential density functional theory (DFT) coupled with the modern theory of polarization. The targeted physical properties are ﬁrst and second order optical properties as well as elastic, piezoelectric and electro-optic coefﬁcients. Furthermore, population analysis is presented in order to evaluate the covalent-ionic character of the constituent bonds. The calculated elastic constants, refractive indices and second order optical coefﬁcients of InPS4are in good agreement with experimental values. With the absence of any theoretical or experimental physical properties of AlPS4, we predict that this compound has high piezoelectric coefﬁcients with d14= − 73.82 pm/V, d25= − 10.96 pm/V and d36= 28.19 pm/V.
Structural and electrochemical investigation of waste newspaper based electrodes for supercapacitor applications
Authors: Adinaveen T. , Vijaya J. Judith , Sivakumar R. , Kennedy L. John
Published: July 2016

There is a general consensus to develop renewable energy storage and conversion technologies to replace fossil fuel energy for sustainable development. Currently, the development of high performance energy storage and conversion devices is an important step on the road to alternative energy technologies. With a special focus on the upgradation of waste to valuable energy, this paper presents an effective synthetic method that utilizes waste newspapers as the precursor to prepare the activated carbon electrodes by the pyrolysis and chemical activation processes. The amorphous nature and surface morphology of the carbon samples were confirmed by XRD and SEM analysis, respectively. Activated waste newspaper carbon (AWNP) showed good electrochemical properties at 800 °C and its specific capacitance at a scan rate of 2 mV/s was found to be 380 F/g. It is important to mention that the source of the raw material is cost effective and suitable for green technology.
On the Evaluation of the Effect of Microstructure on the SNR of Ultrasonic Images and on the Velocity of Lcr Waves
Authors: Pereira P. , Buenos A. A. , Santos A. A.
Published: July 2016

Stress measurement using ultrasound employs the acoustoelastic theory that relates the variation of the velocity of elastic waves to the variation of stress in the material. However, not only stress has influence on wave velocity, but also the microstructure of the specimen being evaluated. The aim of this work is to verify the feasibility of using ultrasonic images to evaluate microstructural variations that affect the velocity of longitudinal critically refracted (Lcr) waves used in stress measurements. The images were generated applying the total focusing method (TFM) in signals obtained with an ultrasonic array. The signals recorded contain grain noise related to the material's microstructure. In this work, the time-of-flight (TOF) of Lcr waves and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of ultrasonic images are obtained for samples of ASTM A36 steel with different grain sizes and shapes. The TOF is related to the wave velocity and the SNR to the grain noise intensity. The influence of stresses on the TOF and SNR was also verified. A linear relation between TOF and SNR was established with a variation rate of −76 ns/dB. No significant variations were observed in the SNR caused by the applied stress. Because the noise intensity of the images are sensitive only to microstructural variations, the technique presented has potential to be used to correct values of ultrasonic wave velocity in stress measurements.
Fuels Specifications: What They Are, Why We Have Them, and How They Are Used
Authors: Rand Salvatore J. , Verstuyft Allen W.
Published: July 2016

Description

This new manual outlines reasons for fuel characteristics and the requirements of each specification. This is a complement product to our best-selling Manual 1, Significance of Tests for Petroleum Products. Written by our expert fuels instructors, this manual is an excellent resource for

Individual chapters are available for separate purchases.

Save 60% on the full price of key standards referenced in Manual 69. See related compilations ASTM Standards Related to Fuel Specifications, ASTM Standards on Gasoline and ASTM Standards on Aviation Fuels for details.
Validation Testing and Analysis of Cracked-Hole Continuing Damage Solutions
Authors: Smith Luciano , Pilarczyk Robert , Feiger James
Published: July 2016

In performing damage tolerance analysis (DTA) for aircraft structures, there are instances in which it is necessary to determine not only the life of a crack from a hole to the edge of a part, but the growth of a secondary crack on the opposite side of the hole to failure. These types of fracture mechanics models have recently been added to the commercially available crack growth software programs used for DTA. Southwest Research Institute and the United States Air Force performed testing designed to simulate continuing damage scenarios in which a crack from a hole has failed the primary ligament and a secondary crack is growing from the opposite side of the hole. This testing included constant amplitude testing of two geometries for fracture mechanics model validation and spectrum testing at four combinations of material, geometry, and stress level for validation of retardation parameters. Test results were then compared analytically to stress intensity values calculated using AFGROW, NASGRO, DSTO-developed equations, and the p-version finite element software StressCheck. Because of the nature of the cracking, there is significant in-plane bending, and the different methods available to model the boundary conditions played a large role in the accuracy of the results. When boundary conditions were applied in a manner that closely modeled the testing, stress intensities matched well except near the transition from corner crack to through crack. Deviations from test results in this area and in spectrum test results seem to be caused by differences in crack aspect ratio compared to what is expected analytically. Further investigation is recommended—and planned—to determine the reasons for differences in crack aspect ratio across geometries and loading.
Impulsive Behaviors in Patients With Pathological Buying
Authors: Zander Heike , Claes Laurence , Voth Eva M. , de Zwaan Martina , Müller Astrid
Published: July 2016

Aim

To investigate impulsive behaviors in pathological buying (PB).

Methods

The study included three groups matched for age and gender: treatment seeking outpatients with PB (PB+), treatment seeking psychiatric inpatients without PB (PB−), and a healthy control group (HC). PB was assessed by means of the Compulsive Buying Scale and by the impulse control disorder (ICD) module of the research version of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-ICD). All participants answered questionnaires concerning symptoms of borderline personality disorder, self-harming behaviors, binge eating and symptoms of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In addition, comorbid ICDs were assessed using the SCID-ICD.

Results

The PB+ and PB− groups did not differ with regard to borderline personality disorder or ADHD symptoms, but both groups reported significantly more symptoms than the HC group. Frequencies of self-harming behaviors did not differ between the three groups. Patients with PB were more often diagnosed with any current ICD (excluding PB) compared to those without PB and the HC group (38.7% vs. 12.9% vs. 12.9%, respectively, p=.017).

Discussion

Our findings confirm prior research suggesting more impulsive behaviors in patients with and without PB compared to healthy controls. The results of the questionnaire-based assessment indicate that outpatients with PB perceive themselves equally impulsive and self-harm as frequently as inpatients without PB; but they seem to suffer more often from an ICD as assessed by means of an interview.
First records of Cheirodontinae (Actinopterygii: Characiformes: Characidae) from drainages of Espírito Santo state, southeastern Brazil
Authors: Ingenito Leonardo F. S. , Gomes Tatyana , Duboc Luiz Fernando , Sarmento-Soares Luisa Maria
Published: July 2016

Recent samples revealed the first occurrences of Serrapinnus heterodon (Eigenmann) in three different sample sites from two drainages in northern Espírito Santo state, Brazil. This is also the first record of the subfamily Cheirodontinae for this State, whose territory is completely inserted in the Atlantic Rainforest ecoregion. The new records of S. heterodon were found with known introduced species and far outside of its usual distribution. This leads us to believe that its presence in the region may be the result of an introduction.
Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn., A. incana (L.) Moench, and A. viridis (Chaix) DC. extracts
Authors: Dahija Sabina , Haverić Sanin , Čakar Jasmina , Parić Adisa
Published: July 2016

Introduction: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of water extracts of leaves and barks from Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn., A. incana (L.) Moench, and A. viridis (Chaix) DC.Methods: The antimicrobial activities of extracts were tested against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria as well as yeast strains by the agar diffusion method. The cell viability was determined by the Trypan blue dye exclusion method.Results: The largest diameters of inhibition zone (DIZ) were recorded with Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 and Bacillus subtilis 168M. The highest percentage of cell viability was observed with water bark extracts of A. glutinosa (97.46%).Conclusions: Potential antimicrobial properties of A. glutinosa, A. incana, and A. viridis demonstrated in this study, as well as their low levels of toxicity, make them an interesting subject for further studies.
El Corpus de Literatura Oral. Presentación del proyecto y avances de la investigación de campo en la Sierra de Segura / Corpus de Literatura Oral. Presentation of the Project and Advances in the Field Research in Sierra de Segura
Authors: Urea Herrador Marta
Published: July 2016

Presentación del proyecto del Corpus de Literatura Oral con un análisis detenido de los avances realizados
TRÊS VIVAS AO PROLETARIADO! PARA UMA CONTEXTUALIZAÇÃO DA OBRA GORZIANA DA DÉCADA DE 1960
Authors: MACHADO Nuno Miguel Cardoso
Published: July 2016

André Gorz é conhecido sobretudo como um dos principais intervenientes no debate sociológico contemporâneo acerca da crise da sociedade do trabalho. Em Adeus ao proletariado, publicado em 1980, o autor critica ferozmente o marxismo tradicional e a sua “religião do proletariado”. Todavia, a vasta obra que Gorz publicou nas décadas anteriores não tem merecido a devida atenção. O intuito deste artigo é analisar detalhadamente o pensamento gorziano da década de 1960 e demonstrar que, nesses textos, Gorz defende, em muitos aspectos, teses diametralmente opostas àquelas sustentadas a partir de Adeus ao proletariado.
A poética da catástrofe na obra de Rosângela Rennó: entre real e imaginário
Authors: Pereira de Freitas Gabriela
Published: July 2016

A partir de um diálogo com a autora Annie Le Brun a respeito do imaginário contemporâneo da catástrofe, procuramos compreender como sua espetacularização acaba por banalizar as imagens de catástrofes reais. Aí onde podemos imaginar que não exista contemplação, voltamos nosso olhar para o ínfimo; para o que há de poético na catástrofe e a aproxima do trágico Nietzschiano. Nesse sentido, encontramos na obra de Rosângela Rennó uma poética da catástrofe que procuramos observar na análise de algumas de suas obras.
HISTÓRIA E MEMÓRIA DE UM MUNICÍPIO DA AMAZÔNIA a chegada do “progresso” em Moju/ PA (Década de 1980)
Authors: Bringel Fabiano de Oliveira , Sacramento Elias Diniz
Published: July 2016

Este artigo tem por finalidade mostrar algumas transformações ocorridas em Moju, um município da Amazônia no inicio da década de 1980, quando a região foi ‘tomada’ pela chegada de diversos projetos agroindustriais pautados nos ideais desenvolvimentistas dos militares. Tais mudanças foram de grandes impactos para os moradores do município, onde ainda hoje tem em suas memórias esse difícil período da história. As diversas conectividades que o município começa a ter com expansão capitalista são destacadas como: a imigração japonesa, a opção rodoviarista, a instalação dos grandes projetos e a presença seletiva do Estado. Isso tudo discutido a partir da fala de lideranças camponesas na região.
Um Passado Jogável? Simulação Digital, Videogames e História Pública
Authors: Telles Helyom Viana
Published: July 2016

O presente trabalho foi originado a partir das reflexões suscitadas por uma pesquisa de pós-doutorado que investiga como os jogos eletrônicos podem contribuir para a produção e o compartilhamento de representações, de imagens e de um imaginário sobre o passado, atuando como suporte para a memória coletiva. O artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre as relações entre simulação digital, o conhecimento do passado e a história pública com base na discussão da produção bibliográfica recente de historiadores norte-americanos que tratam do tema. O artigo critica a dicotomia entre jogos digitais educativos comerciais conclui que os elementos ficcionais presentes em simulações e jogos digitais oferecem a oportunidade para o exercício de exploração da história contrafatual. Essa característica, aliada à possibilidade de expressão de dados e conhecimentos históricos complexos, tornam as simulações e jogos digitais valiosas para o campo da história pública.
PALIMPSESTOS DE CLIO ENTRE A CLEPSIDRA E O CLARIM: Comunicação, História Oral e Tempo Presente
Authors: Soares Fagno da Silva , Rovai Marta Gouveia de Oliveira , Porto Junior Francisco Gilson Rebouças
Published: July 2016

A Revista Observatório vem se estabelecendo como importante periódico interdisciplinar nacional, traz à baila seu Dossiê Volume 2,  “Comunicação, História Oral e Tempo Presente”, objetivando visibilizar trabalhos de diversos campos do conhecimento que perscrutam temáticas filigranadas na relação entre comunicação, história oral e tempo presente, bem como, suas  ressonâncias historiográficas em face das sociedades do contemporâneo. Soma-se a isto, o intento de coadunar estudos aparentemente díspares ao vasto e transdisciplinar universo das ciências humanas, enquanto espaço heterogêneo do debate acadêmico, amalgamando Comunicação, Jornalismo e Educação, num palmilhar ladrilhado do fazer acadêmico.
Narrativas do tempo presente no jornalismo de revista: um olhar sobre a cobertura da América Latina em 45 anos da Revista Veja
Authors: John Valquiria Michela , Da Costa Felipe , Busnardo Guilherme Felipe , Vargas Pricilla Tiane , Dos Santos Robson Souza , Caminada Thiago Amorim
Published: July 2016

Veja é a revista de maior circulação no Brasil e uma das quatro de maior circulação no mundo, portanto, desempenha um importante papel na construção de representações quanto aos assuntos e temáticas que aborda. Em setembro de 2013, a revista completou 45 anos, marco histórico para o jornalismo brasileiro. Ao longo dessas mais de quatro décadas, Veja ajudou a construir não só Brasil, mas também a construir e difundir memórias sobre outros povos, outras nações, outras culturas. Entre esses vários “outros” estão os países da América Latina que, não raro, foram destaque de capa na revista ao longo desse período. Ao abordar temáticas ligadas aos países da América Latina, a revista contribui para o reforço a certas memórias, a representações referentes a esses países. A pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar a construção das representações sobre a América Latina realizadas por Veja ao longo de seus 45 anos de história. Como procedimento metodológico, foi utilizada a Análise de Conteúdo.
HISTÓRIA ORAL E FOLKCOMUNICAÇÃO: em busca de uma abordagem interdisciplinar na Festa do Divino Espírito Santo de Natividade –Tocantins
Authors: Ertzogue Marina Haizenreder , Sousa Poliana Macedo de
Published: July 2016

Este artigo busca compreender os aspectos comunicacionais dos elementos religiosos da Festa do Divino Espírito Santo de Natividade – Tocantins, além de trazer da memória do grupo participante dessa manifestação algo mais antigo e que tenha relação entre a produção dos saberes e a ocupação dos espaços por grupos sociais que buscam assegurar a reprodução de suas marcas identitárias, utilizando o campo da folkcomunicação e da história oral como referencial metodológico e suporte teórico. A pesquisa é participante, na qual aplicamos a vertente da tradição oral, com entrevistas e observação, como método que dá suporte à interdisciplinaridade. Com isso, percebemos que será pelos processos históricos de produção, reprodução e negociação dessas memórias e identidades religiosas que percebemos a importância da perspectiva da metodologia da História Oral e da Folkcomunicação para prover a abordagem interdisciplinar que a pesquisa necessita.
História e oralidade nos estudos comunicacionais
Authors: Almeida Juniele Rabêlo
Published: July 2016

Concepções, métodos e formas do conhecimento histórico são expressos em diversos estudos na área de comunicação social. Buscamos analisar, na interface história e narrativa oral, aspectos da chamada mediação cultural, na qual a comunicação está para além da condição de canal. Acreditamos que os estudos comunicacionais não recaem, necessariamente, sobre especificidades técnicas, mas sobre a posição que a comunicação assume no campo histórico-cultural. Interações, expressas nos trabalhos de história oral, se configuram (e resultam) em processos comunicacionais que indicam construções sócio históricas e diferentes referenciais de pertencimento.
(PÓS) FEMINISMOS E DIVERSIDADES EM PERFORMANCES: MEMÓRIAS E ORALIDADES EM DESCONSTRUÇÃO
Authors: Kamensky Andrea Paula dos Santos Oliveira
Published: July 2016

Esse artigo trata de um projeto de pesquisa e de extensão que teve como objetivo o reconhecimento cultural e social de sujeitos das diversidades - especialmente ligados aos grupos culturais e movimentos sociais (pós)feministas - e de suas várias performances, artísticas e  políticas, sendo que as expressões performáticas muitas vezes ganharam consistência com o recurso às oralidades. O ato de narrar histórias criou e favoreceu práticas performáticas e políticas que iniciaram, formaram, atualizaram as pessoas em torno das complexas dinâmicas que fazem partes das políticas públicas, sobretudo quanto ao conhecimento e reconhecimento em torno das questões das diversidades e discussões sobre cidadanias culturais na contemporaneidade, que ressignificam constantemente práticas e valores culturais de memória e identidade.
Organic Supplemental Nitrogen Sources for Field Corn Production after a Hairy Vetch Cover Crop
Authors: Spargo J. T. , Cavigelli M. A. , Mirsky S. B. , Meisinger J. J. , Ackroyd V. J.
Published: July 2016

Legume cover crops and organic amendments in combination could meet corn (Zea mays L.) nitrogen (N) needs while optimizing phosphorus (P) inputs. In a 2‐yr field study, we characterized the N‐mineralization dynamics and impacts on corn grain yield of feather meal (FM), poultry litter (PL), pelletized PL (PPL), and a PPL‐FM blend (PFMB) with or without a hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) cover crop. The four amendments, which differed substantially in chemical and laboratory N‐release characteristics, provided corn yield benefits only when vetch biomass was low. In 2010, vetch produced 4630 kg biomass ha−1 and increased corn grain yield from 8.7 to 13.3 Mg ha−1 compared with a no‐vetch treatment. Vetch alone supplied sufficient N to achieve maximum corn yield as determined using an ammonium nitrate fertilizer response curve embedded within the organic amendment experiment. In 2009, vetch produced only 1551 kg ha−1 and provided no benefit to corn yield. Three of the organic amendments (all but PPL) increased corn yield by 1.8 to 2.3 Mg ha−1 whether vetch was present or not. Phosphorus inputs from amendments were similar to, or lower than, P removal in corn grain harvest, indicating that amendments would not result in soil P accumulation at these application rates. Amendment costs differed substantially such that economic returns using PL would be considerably greater than with PPL, PFMB, or FM. Results show that considering legume cover crop biomass is critical to determining organic amendment applications.

Impact of organic amendments on corn grain yield depends on vetch biomass production.

Organic amendments did not increase corn yield when vetch biomass was >4500 kg ha−1.

Vetch provided no benefit to corn yield when biomass was <1600 kg ha−1.

Organic amendments increased corn yield when vetch biomass was <1600 kg ha−1.

Amendments applied at 45 kg N ha−1 did not raise concerns about residual P.