bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the clinical manifestations between different age groups of patients with overseas imported COVID-19
Authors: Han Yujuan , Luo Zujin , Zhai Wenliang , Zheng Yue , Liu Huan , Wang Yanran , Wu Endong , Xiong Fang , Ma Yingmin
Published: December 2020

The current study investigated the clinical manifestations and outcomes of different age groups of patients with overseas imported COVID-19. In total, 53 COVID-19 patients admitted to the designated Beijing Xiaotangshan Hospital between March 16 and April 15 of 2020 were included. Based on the percentage of disease aggravation during hospital stay according to CT, the patients were divided into two groups: ≤40 years (group A; n = 41) and >40 years (group B; n = 12). The demographic data, epidemiological history, disease courses, potential complications, clinical symptoms, lab indices, chest CT outcomes, treatment protocols and turnovers of the two groups were compared. According to clinical typing, compared with group A, group B had a significantly greater proportion of the common type of COVID-19 (P<0.05) and greater comorbidity of type 2 diabetes (P<0.001). The two groups presented significantly different lab indices. Group B showed significantly more frequent CT abnormalities, with greater proportions of multiple lesions and bilateral lung involvement (P<0.05). During hospitalization, group B had a greater proportion of disease aggravation according to CT (P<0.01). Compared with group A, group B received a significantly greater proportion of antiviral therapy and presented a significantly greater occurrence of adverse drug reactions (P<0.05). The two groups did not significantly differ in time from admission to clinical symptom improvement or from disease onset to negative outcomes according to nucleic acid testing, the appearance of IgG or the appearance of IgM. They also did not significantly differ in length of stay. Older imported COVID-19 patients, particularly those with type 2 diabetes, showed a broader pulmonary extent and faster development of the disease, more severe pathogenetic conditions and a greater risk of developing a critically severe type. Increased attention should be given to this population in clinical practice.
Low frequency deep brain stimulation in the inferior colliculus ameliorates haloperidol-induced catalepsy and reduces anxiety in rats
Authors: Ihme Hannah , Schwarting Rainer K. W. , Melo-Thomas Liana
Published: December 2020

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the colliculus inferior (IC) improves haloperidol-induced catalepsy and induces paradoxal kinesia in rats. Since the IC is part of the brain aversive system, DBS of this structure has long been related to aversive behavior in rats limiting its clinical use. This study aimed to improve intracollicular DBS parameters in order to avoid anxiogenic side effects while preserving motor improvements in rats. Catalepsy was induced by systemic haloperidol (0.5mg/kg) and after 60 min the bar test was performed during which a given rat received continuous (5 min, with or without pre-stimulation) or intermittent (5 x 1 min) DBS (30Hz, 200–600μA, pulse width 100μs). Only continuous DBS with pre-stimulation reduced catalepsy time. The rats were also submitted to the elevated plus maze (EPM) test and received either continuous stimulation with or without pre-stimulation, or sham treatment. Only rats receiving continuous DBS with pre-stimulation increased the time spent and the number of entries into the open arms of the EPM suggesting an anxiolytic effect. The present intracollicular DBS parameters induced motor improvements without any evidence of aversive behavior, pointing to the IC as an alternative DBS target to induce paradoxical kinesia improving motor deficits in parkinsonian patients.
Biofilm-coated microbeads and the mouse ear skin: An innovative model for analysing anti-biofilm immune response in vivo
Authors: Sauvat Léo , Abdul Hamid Aizat Iman , Blavignac Christelle , Josse Jérôme , Lesens Olivier , Gueirard Pascale
Published: December 2020

Owing to its ability to form biofilms, Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for an increasing number of infections on implantable medical devices. The aim of this study was to develop a mouse model using microbeads coated with S. aureus biofilm to simulate such infections and to analyse the dynamics of anti-biofilm inflammatory responses by intravital imaging. Scanning electron microscopy and flow cytometry were used in vitro to study the ability of an mCherry fluorescent strain of S. aureus to coat silica microbeads. Biofilm-coated microbeads were then inoculated intradermally into the ear tissue of LysM-EGFP transgenic mice (EGFP fluorescent immune cells). General and specific real-time inflammatory responses were studied in ear tissue by confocal microscopy at early (4-6h) and late time points (after 24h) after injection. The displacement properties of immune cells were analysed. The responses were compared with those obtained in control mice injected with only microbeads. In vitro, our protocol was capable of generating reproducible inocula of biofilm-coated microbeads verified by labelling matrix components, observing biofilm ultrastructure and confirmed in vivo and in situ with a matrix specific fluorescent probe. In vivo, a major inflammatory response was observed in the mouse ear pinna at both time points. Real-time observations of cell recruitment at injection sites showed that immune cells had difficulty in accessing biofilm bacteria and highlighted areas of direct interaction. The average speed of cells was lower in infected mice compared to control mice and in tissue areas where direct contact between immune cells and bacteria was observed, the average cell velocity and linearity were decreased in comparison to cells in areas where no bacteria were visible. This model provides an innovative way to analyse specific immune responses against biofilm infections on medical devices. It paves the way for live evaluation of the effectiveness of immunomodulatory therapies combined with antibiotics.
Time from dementia diagnosis to nursing-home admission and death among persons with dementia: A multistate survival analysis
Authors: Mjørud Marit , Selbæk Geir , Bjertness Espen , Edwin Trine Holt , Engedal Knut , Knapskog Anne-Brita , Strand Bjørn Heine
Published: December 2020

Objectives

To estimate transition times from dementia diagnosis to nursing-home (NH) admission or death and to examine whether sex, education, marital status, level of cognitive impairment and dementia aetiology are associated with transition times.

Design

Markov multistate survival analysis and flexible parametric models.

Setting

Participants were recruited from the Norwegian Registry of Persons Assessed for Cognitive Symptoms (NorCog) in specialist healthcare between 2008 and 2017 and followed until August 2019, a maximum of 10.6 years follow-up time (mean 4.4 years, SD 2.2). Participants’ address histories, emigration and vital status were retrieved from the National Population Registry from time of diagnosis and linked to NorCog clinical data.

Participants

2,938 home-dwelling persons with dementia, ages 40–97 years at time of diagnosis (mean 76.1, SD 8.5).

Results

During follow-up, 992 persons (34%) were admitted to nursing-homes (NHs) and 1,556 (53%) died. Approximately four years after diagnosis, the probability of living in a NH peaked at 19%; thereafter, the probability decreased due to mortality. Median elapsed time from dementia diagnosis to NH admission among those admitted to NHs was 2.28 years (IQR 2.32). The probability of NH admission was greater for women than men due to women´s lower mortality rate. Persons living alone, particularly men, had a higher probability of NH admission than cohabitants. Age, dementia aetiology and severity of cognitive impairment at time of diagnosis did not influence the probability of NH admission. Those with fewer than 10 years of education had a lower probability of NH admission than those with 10 years or more, and this was independent of the excess mortality in the less-educated group.

Conclusion

Four years after diagnosis, half of the participants still lived at home, while NH residency peaked at 19%. Those with fewer than 10 years of education were less often admitted to NH.
Preparation and characterization of rice husk adsorbents for phenol removal from aqueous systems
Authors: Daffalla Samah Babiker , Mukhtar Hilmi , Shaharun Maizatul Shima
Published: December 2020

Rice husk is a base adsorbent for pollutant removal. It is a cost-effective material and a renewable resource. This study provides the physicochemical characterization of chemically and thermally treated rice husk adsorbents for phenol removal from aqueous solutions. We revealed new functional groups on rice husk adsorbents by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and observed major changes in the pore structure (from macro-mesopores to micro-mesopores) of the developed rice husk adsorbents using scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, we studied their surface area and pore size distribution, and found a greater enhancement of the morphological structure of the thermally treated rice husk compared with that chemically treated. Thermally treated adsorbents presented a higher surface area (24–201 m2.g-1) than those chemically treated (3.2 m2.g-1). The thermal and chemical modifications of rice husk resulted in phenol removal efficiencies of 36%–64% and 28%, respectively. Thus, we recommend using thermally treated rice husk as a promising adsorbent for phenol removal from aqueous solutions.
Entrepreneurial Music Education: Professional Learning in Schools and the Industry, Kristina Kelman (2020)
Authors: Williams Meghan Todt
Published: December 2020

Review of: Entrepreneurial Music Education: Professional Learning in Schools and the Industry, Kristina Kelman (2020)

Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 251 pp.,

ISBN 978-3-03037-128-9, h/bk, €83.19

ISBN 978-3-03037-129-6, ebook, €67.40
Music, Technology, and Education: Critical Perspectives, A. King and E. Himonides (eds) (2016)
Authors: O’Leary Jared
Published: December 2020

Review of: Music, Technology, and Education: Critical Perspectives, A. King and E. Himonides (eds) (2016)

Abingdon: Routledge, 282 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-31559-694-5, ebook, $35.96
Argentine psychoanalysis as gentrifier: The case of Palermo
Authors: Garibotto Verónica
Published: December 2020

This article examines the case of Palermo, Buenos Aires’s largest and trendiest neighbourhood, and claims that psychoanalysis has acted since the mid-1970s as one of the area’s gentrifiers. Based on the premise that temporality is embedded in spatial categories and that, therefore, cities are mobile phenomena, the article focuses on two interrelated spatiotemporal layers of psychoanalysis-based gentrification. It first examines the arrival and settlement of psychoanalytic associations between 1975 and 2005 to argue that analysts were important actors in Palermo’s real estate transformation. Second, it explores how contemporary real estate brochures, magazines, blogs, newspapers and tourist websites create the idea that analysts gave birth to the neighbourhood and thus erase the contributions of the Black population who had lived there in the nineteenth century and of the workers who had been a vital part of the area prior to the analysts’ arrival. The article also looks at the neighbourhood contemporary aesthetics to highlight that psychoanalysis is now an integral part of a spatialized identity that reaffirms socio-economic exclusion, while displaying progressive attitudes.
Street art between business and resistance
Authors: Tunali Tijen
Published: December 2020

Street art, with its subcultural character, has been looked upon for its potential for social aesthetic and political dissidence. While some accounts have diverted attention to street art’s utopia with its creative dissidence and regenerative potential, others have insisted that street art has already been coopted by the aesthetic and institutional order of the neo-liberal economy. Street art has been both a product of and a response to the unequal distribution of resources and visibility in the city. A dialectical study that investigates both sides of the coin showing art’s aesthetic, spatial, social and political situation in the changing neo-liberal urban landscape is needed. Analysing simultaneously the hegemonic restructuring of the urban environment and the growth of counter-hegemonic resistance on the streets requires taking into account the plurality and complexity of the links between the urban environment, society and arts. This thematic journal issue offers a multi-geographical and interdisciplinary perspective to analyse how street art, as an aesthetic dispositive, functions dialectically as both resource and resistance in the sociopolitical make-up of the urban landscape.
The utility of beauty: The antinomies of street art in Delhi
Authors: Khurana Sanchita
Published: December 2020

In the last decade, the city of Delhi has witnessed a surge in urban artistic practice – particularly street art – that draws its conceptual and art-historical ‘virtue’ from being in the public sphere. The changing socio-economic, infrastructural and aesthetic set-up of the city bears many similarities to what has been called the cultural regeneration of cities across the globe. Interpreting it as symptomatic of the neo-liberalization of the Indian city, this article examines the spatial implications of the burgeoning contemporary street art movement in Delhi. It contextualizes the art movement within place-making initiatives in Indian cities that have been attempting to attract the middle-class to city spaces to cater to their consumption patterns. The article suggests that there are two ways in which commissioned street art in neoliberal Delhi closely ties up with the neoliberal agenda of uneven redevelopment and regeneration in the city: (a) by instrumentalizing its form to revitalize decrepit areas that need capital investment in order to garner cultural tourism and trigger capital investment; and (b) by invoking a narrative of beautification and cleanliness that has been seen to emerge from a dominantly middle-class perspective in Indian cities. Looking at the unique ways in which urban space in Delhi interacts with local-political situations and responds to such place-making initiatives, the article attempts to interrogate what art-led gentrification implies in the economic and sociopolitical context of cities of the global South.
Reseña de: Urraco Solanilla, Mariano y Francisco José Martínez Mesa (eds.). De esclavos y robots y esclavas. Paisajes Transmediáticos. Madrid: Los libros de la Catarata, 2019. 285 pp. ISBN: 978-84-9097-840-5
Authors: Martínez García Patricia
Published: December 2020

Reseña de: Urraco Solanilla, Mariano y Francisco José Martínez Mesa (eds.). De esclavos y robots y esclavas. Paisajes Transmediáticos. Madrid: Los libros de la Catarata, 2019. 285 pp. ISBN: 978-84-9097-840-5
A Quantitative Method for Evaluating Contemporary Cultural Uses of Birds: A Case Study from Mexico
Authors: Ávila-Nájera Dulce María , Tigar Barbara J. , Zavala-Sánchez Zaira , Zetina-Cordoba Pedro , Serna-Lagunes Ricardo
Published: December 2020

This study evaluates the relationship between people and birds in Mexico, a country where high cultural and biological diversity are reflected in the close associations between people and natural resources, recorded since pre-Hispanic times. It systematically reviews 1041 records of cultural use of wild birds in Mexico published between 1996–2017 and analyzes patterns of contemporary use of avifauna. It classifies information for 252 birds by grouping uses of species and families into 11 categories and quantifies overall use with a Cultural Value Index (CVI). The data show that birds have a high cultural value as food, pets, and for medicinal uses (312, 235, and 119 records, respectively), particularly in the state of Chiapas. Large edible birds had the highest CVIs and included Plain chachalacas (Ortalis vetula; 9.72), Black-bellied whistling-ducks (Dendrocygna autumnali; 6.65), Crested guams (Penelope purpurascens; 6.25), and Great currasows (Crax rubra; 6.23), with the Cracidae family recorded as favored gamebirds. Conspicuous, brightly-colored birds had high CVIs, including Keel-billed toucans (Ramphastos sulfuratus; 6.50), Red-lored amazons, (Amazona autumnalis; 6.03), and allied species, which were traded or kept as pets despite legal protection. The high CVIs of Barn owls (Tyto alba; 5.45) were related to medicinal uses, and Mourning doves (Zenaida macroura; 5.69) were mainly used as gamebirds. Wild bird populations face increasing pressure from habitat loss and overexploitation. We propose that evaluating the ethnological significance of wildlife with indices like CVIs can quantify the distinctive needs of rural communities, which when combined with information on conservation status can develop more sustainable species management plans.
Bird Stories from Latin America: Lessons on Change and Adaptation
Authors: Sault Nicole
Published: December 2020

When people hear bird sounds, they understand them on various levels that are interpreted according to cultural context. Among Indigenous cultures of Latin America, avian voices are understood in relation to group identity, kinship affiliation, and personal experience, such as dreams and vision quests. Birds are recognized as social actors with their own voices that express intentions, desires, needs, and responsibilities. Certain birds may impart messages to specific people, and stories of these personal interactions represent both traditional values as well as individual explanations for what the bird communicated. These experiences are incorporated into the dynamic relationships people have with birds, the ancestors, the landscape, and spirit beings, and assist in addressing both cultural and climatic changes. This essay presents stories from Mexico, Costa Rica, and Peru, and shows how individuals interpret bird communications according to cultural values that relate to their personal situation. These avian messages gain new meaning and urgency during periods of dramatic change, like the current climate crisis. As people seek creative responses to survive, relationships with birds provide resiliency.
Bizalom és vállalati teljesítmény. A bizalom szerepe az aszimmetrikus információk minőségének vállalati észlelésében és azok vezetői döntéshozatalban való felhasználásában = Trust and corporate performance
Authors: Keszey Tamara
Published: December 2020

A kutatás azt a kérdéskört vizsgálja, hogyan járul hozzá a bizalom a vállalatok piaci teljesítményéhez. A vállalatok azon képessége, hogy felhasználják a rendelkezésükre álló piaci információkat nehezen másolható, tartós versenyelőnyt biztosít. A marketingmenedzserek a piaci információk hitelességét nehezen tudják objektív módon megítélni, mivel azokat jellemzően mások gyűjtik és rendszerezik számukra. A szerző kutatásában a menedzserek vállalaton belüli és vállalaton kívüli piaci informálódást célzó kapcsolatai esetén modellezte és empirikusan tesztelte a bizalom hatásait. Eredményei szerint a bizalom a vállalaton belüli és vállalaton kívüli kapcsolatok esetében is fontos mozgatórugója az információfelhasználásnak, jóllehet közvetlenül nincs hatással arra. Minél jobban bízik a döntéshozó az információ forrásában, annál jobb minőségűnek fogja észlelni a tőle származó információt. Az információ észlelt minősége meghatározza, hogy arra támaszkodnak-e a vezetők a döntések meghozatalánál. Azok a marketingmenedzserek, akik képesek bizalmi kapcsolatok kiépítésére, szélesebb körű, hiteles piaci információkra támaszkodhatnak a döntéshozatal során, amely hozzájárul a vállalat piaci teljesítményéhez. ____ We have limited knowledge on the potential pattern similarities/differences of trust’s role that may exist in information use obtained through intra- and extra-organizational relationships. This study addresses this question by investigating how trust leads to information use. Data from 338 intra-organizational and a sub-ample of 158 inter-organizationaldyadic information exchange relationships showed that trust is an important driver of the utilization of market information in both cases. Trust has no direct relationship to information use, instead has a strong indirect effect through a mediator, perceived quality of information. The effects of trustontheuse of information obtained throughinter- and extra-organizational dyadic relationships proved to be similar.
INTERAÇÃO ENTRE ALUNOS E PROFESSORES EM CURSOS TÉCNICOS A DISTÂNCIA
Authors: Borges Rosimeire Aparecida Soares , Mesquita Vânia dos Santos , Miranda Gilmar dos Santos Sousa
Published: December 2020

Este estudo teve por objetivo investigar as concepções de professores em relação à interação entre professor e aluno em cursos técnicos profissionalizantes, na modalidade Educação a Distância (EaD), ofertados por Institutos Federais de Educação em Minas Gerais. De caráter exploratório e quanti-qualitativo, a pesquisa contou com a aplicação de dois questionários a trinta professores desses cursos. Os resultados mostram que na concepção desses professores existe a interação professor e aluno. No entanto, verifica-se a não utilização por parte dos pesquisados de ferramentas tecnológicas do Moodle direcionadas a promover essa interação, e que o papel do docente nesses cursos EaD, muitas vezes, é desempenhado pelo tutor, o que indica ser essa interação ainda incipiente. Ações dos professores desses cursos técnicos EaD no sentido de promover a interação professor e aluno podem contribuir para uma educação de qualidade frente aos avanços tecnológicos e uma formação mais humana do aluno.
PROCESSOS AVALIATIVOS EM EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL
Authors: Vieira Solange Reiguel , Torales Campos Marília Andrade , Saheb Daniele
Published: December 2020

Este trabalho propõe uma reflexão sobre os processos avaliativos no contexto da educação ambiental (EA) com o objetivo compreender os diversos enfoques sobre a temática para fundamentar o aprimoramento de indicadores como instrumento avaliativo. O objeto de análise são artigos da revista internacional Éducation relative à l'environnement, publicados no volume 2 do ano 2000. Do ponto de vista metodológico, os textos foram traduzidos para a língua portuguesa e submetidos à revisão sistemática considerando: as inquietações e problematizações propostas pelos autores, as metodologias e estratégias apresentadas, com ênfase nos indicadores. Os resultados evidenciam uma diversidade de olhares sobre a avaliação e sua complexidade, a necessidade de indicadores, e uma discussão mais aprofundada sobre a temática da avaliação, como uma questão importante que precisa permear os debates sobre a EA.
Drug-Induced Liver Injury Caused by “Khat,” an Herbal Stimulant
Authors: Palacios Argueta Pedro , Attar Bashar , Sikavi Cameron , Alagiozian-Angelova Victoria , Mishra Satya
Published: December 2020

We describe a case of Catha edulis (Khat) drug-induced liver injury in a 28-year-old man from Yemen. The patient presented with jaundice, fatigue, and anorexia. Extensive workup, including liver biopsy, was performed. This is the first reported case in the United States without definite autoimmune hepatitis. Diagnosis requires high clinical suspicion and extensive workup. Increasing migration and differences in cultural practices lead to the need for an increased awareness of this type of cases, which is underreported.
ANÁLISE ESPACIAL DE RISCO E PREVISÃO DE CASOS CONFIRMADOS DO COVID-19 NO ESTADO DE GOIÁS
Authors: Oliveira Bernard Silva de , De Cavalho Helber , Miyashita Priscila Midori , Silva Rejane Moreira da , Pereira Alessandra Cristina
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Analisar o avanço dos casos confirmados da COVID-19 em Goiás nos intervalos temporais de 16 de março à 01 de maio de 2020 e estimar quantidade de casos confirmados nos municípios goianos até o dia 10 maio. Métodos: Cálculo do risco de contaminação nos municípios goianos e do Distrito Federal, elaboração dos mapas de riscos a partir da interpolação destes dados pelo método IDW e análise do padrão de crescimento dos casos por meio dos modelos de regressão (linear e polinomiais) Resultados: Maiores caso da COVID-19 ocorreram nas proximidade dos principais eixos rodoviários: BR-153 e BR-060, intensificação o risco de contaminação nas cidades mais populosas, a capital Goiânia, Aparecida de Goiânia e a região do entorno do Distrito Federal. A regressão polinomial de 2ª ordem teve o menor erro de previsão que o modelo linear e o de 3ª ordem. Conclusão: A análise espacial foi precisa na identificação das regiões de maior risco de propagação, com maior intensidade nas principais rodovias federais e nas cidades mais populosas. O modelo de regressão polinomial de 2 ª ordem demonstrou eficiente na progressão dos casos confirmados da doença no período avaliado neste trabalho, podendo direcionar ações voltadas à saúde pública.
A INSERÇÃO DO MIGRANTE HAITIANO NO MUNDO DO TRABALHO NO MUNICÍPIO DE CASCAVEL/PR
Authors: Nunes Lineker Alan Gabriel , Antonello Ideni Terezinha
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo tem como escopo apresentar os resultados da pesquisa acerca da migração e do trabalho dos imigrantes haitianos no município de Cascavel/PR. O objetivo é analisar a inserção do migrante haitiano no mundo do trabalho no município de Cascavel/PR. Para tanto, buscou-se abordar a migração dos haitianos para o Brasil e analisar a inserção do migrante haitiano no mundo do trabalho no município. A metodologia foi composta de levantamento bibliográfico de obras que tratam do trabalho, como também pesquisa de campo com aplicação de entrevistas e questionários com os diversos sujeitos envolvidos na migração haitiana em Cascavel/PR. A partir da discussão, têm-se como resultados: A espacialização da migração haitiana intra-urbana no município, por meio da geração de produto cartográfico; Conhecimento das motivações que levaram à migração e conhecimento das dificuldades e preconceitos sofridos pelos migrantes no ambiente de trabalho; Levantamento do perfil sócio-econômico dos migrantes haitianos em Cascavel. Conclui-se que a migração haitiana no município está intimamente ligada ao trabalho (e à precarização do trabalho) no setor frigorífico e na construção civil, constatando-se que os limites impostos pelo capital no trabalho, são também os limites impostos à migração haitiana.
MODELAGEM DE EROSÃO E APORTE DE SEDIMENTOS EM BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA COM O MODELO WaTEM/SEDEM
Authors: Demarchi Julio Cesar , Piroli Edson Luís
Published: December 2020

O trabalho objetivou calibrar o modelo WaTEM/SEDEM e simular processos de erosão, deposição e aporte de sedimentos no exutório da bacia hidrográfica do Ribeirão São Domingos, Santa Cruz do Rio Pardo – SP, em chuvas intensas nas condições de uso da terra do ano 2018 e no cenário de adequação do uso à legislação florestal brasileira. Os fatores da Equação Universal de Perda de Solo Revisada, componente de erosão do modelo, foram determinados e mapeados. A partir dos dados pluviométricos, fluviométricos e sedimentométricos de chuvas reais, o modelo foi calibrado e aplicado às condições analisadas. Houve redução das perdas de solo por erosão e do aporte de sedimentos no exutório e o aumento da deposição de sedimentos na bacia no cenário LF em relação a 2018 devido ao aumento da cobertura vegetal, práticas conservacionistas, eficiência de retenção de sedimentos e conectividade das parcelas, que promoveram a redução do fator topográfico. Os resultados indicam a necessidade da análise conjunta dos fatores do meio físico, da estrutura hidrológica e da paisagem das bacias e do uso da terra nestes estudos. A modelagem de erosão em eventos individuais de chuvas mostrou-se promissora para pesquisas no Brasil, cujos solos são altamente suscetíveis à erosão.
HYDROCHEMICAL CLASSIFICATION OF AMAZONIAN RIVERS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Villamizar Eduardo Antonio Rios , Adeney J. Marion , Piedade Maria Teresa Fernandez , Junk Wolfgang Johannes
Published: December 2020

Water and soil chemistry provide important parameters for the study of river ecology and biogeochemical cycles. Furthermore, they determine management options of rivers and connected wetlands. The first scientific classification of Amazonian water bodies was elaborated in the 1950s by Harald Sioli. He used water color, as well as physical and chemical parameters, to explain limnological characteristics of the large Amazonian rivers and related these characteristics to the geological and geomorphological properties of their catchments. Today, an increasing amount of hydrochemical data indicate that the chemical composition of Amazonian water bodies varies much more than assumed by Sioli. Nevertheless, his simplified classification is useful for describing the natural physical and chemical variability of Amazonian rivers and wetlands. The electrical conductivity, pH-value and the distribution of major cations and anions allow to distinguish well among the three classical water types and to categorize other water bodies in order to subsidize a more detailed classification system of Amazonian fresh waters.
PARQUES URBANOS E A PROBLEMÁTICA DOS ESPAÇOS DE LAZER NÃO IMPLANTADOS EM UBERABA-MG
Authors: Gomes Marcos Antônio Silvestre
Published: December 2020

Parques são áreas públicas de responsabilidade municipal com importantes funções ambientais, sociais e econômicas nas áreas urbanas. Neste artigo, procura-se avançar na compreensão destes espaços, problematizando-os no contexto da dinâmica socioespacial urbana de Uberaba-MG. São apresentados a espacialização dos parques na área urbana, relacionando a dados de renda e domicílio alugado; explicitados aspectos das políticas públicas e gestões governamentais quanto às intervenções nos parques já implantados e, ainda; demonstrado o estado geral daqueles não implantados. O trabalho fundamentou-se em pesquisas bibliográficas, consultas em sítios na internet, análise da legislação municipal, levantamentos de dados em secretarias municipais, observações de campo nos parques e entrevistas com a população. Constatou-se que os parques já implantados estão mais centralizados na área urbana e agrava diversos problemas que comprometem seus usos. Por outro lado, nas áreas periféricas há significativos espaços públicos demarcados com a intenção de se transformarem em parques, mas que se encontram abandonados, sem infraestrutura e, por vezes, negligenciados por diversos agentes sociais. Mais da metade das áreas designadas parques em Uberaba não se encontra definitivamente implantada, são existentes somente no papel, constituindo vazios urbanos ociosos no espaço, desconhecidos da população em geral, embora representem inestimável potencial socioambiental.
Electrical Conductivity of Carbon Electrodes by Mixing Carbon Rod and Electrolyte Paste of Spent Battery
Authors: Handaja Suka , Susanto Heru , Hermawan Hermawan
Published: December 2020

As a consequence of increasing battery use, spent batteries are increasingly contributing to solid waste. This situation has the potential to create a severe environmental problem. Thus, the utilization of these spent batteries, including the reuse of some components, is essential. The reusable components of the spent battery are carbon rods and electrolyte pastes. In this work, these components were utilized to prepare a carbon-based electrode for reverse electrodialysis. These electrodes can be an alternative to commercial Ti-based electrodes. The important characteristics of an electrode are the electrical conductivity, porosity, and surface area of the particles. This study aimed to determine the best electrical conductivity exhibited by various mixtures of carbon rods and electrolyte paste taken from spent batteries. The spent battery contained 95% carbon, and the electrolyte paste of the spent battery contained 64% carbon, 19% zinc, and 5% manganese. Before mixing, the carbon rods were powdered using ball mills for 4 h; 85.6% of particles were sized <1 μm. The best electrical conductivity was obtained from a mixture of carbon rods and electrolyte paste in the weight ratio of 7:2, with electrical conductivity, porosity, and surface area of 2.75 S/cm, 0.019 cc/g, and 15.936 m2/g, respectively.
Visual Functions in Aphakia After Secondary Intraocular Lens Implantation
Authors: Langrová Hana , Hejcmanová Dagmar , Peregrin Jaroslav
Published: December 2020

21 aphakic eyes of 21 patients corrected by glasses (A-G) were examined 1 and 6 months before and after secondary intraocular lens implantation (SILI). Visual acuity (VA) was tested using Snellen chart and computerized method with Landolt rings (CL). Contrast sensitivity (CS) was measured using computerized Contrast sensitivity system 8010 in spatial frequencies from 0.74 to 29.55 c/deg. Preoperative best corrected VA (BCVA) in A-G eyes was significantly lower in comparison with control group of the same age only using computerized method with Landolt rings. A reduction of BCVA by both methods at 1 month and its return to original values after 6 months were noted. Significantly lower values of CS were found in A-G patients before SILI compared to the control group of the same median age in spatial frequencies from 3.69 to 29.55 c/deg. After 1 and 6 months the values stayed on the preoperative level, except the frequency 29.55 c/deg, which increased significantly (p < 0.01) 6 months after SILI.
NORMAL, MUMLU (WAXY) VE YÜKSEK AMİLOZLU NİŞASTALAR VE GIDALARDAKİ FONKSİYONEL ÖZELLİKLERİ
Authors: YALÇIN Erkan , MASATCIOĞLU Mustafa Tuğrul , CINDIK Betül
Published: December 2020

Nişasta, amiloz ve amilopektin polisakkaritlerinden meydana gelmiş, gıdalara yapısal özellikler kazandıran, beslenmemizde enerji ihtiyacımızın önemli bir kısmını karşılayan, sindirilebilir bir karbonhidrattır. Nişastaların farklı amiloz/amilopektin oranları; granüler yapıda, fiziko-kimyasal özelliklerde ve son ürün kalitesinde bazı farklılıklara sebep olmaktadır. Genellikle, normal, mumlu ve yüksek amilozlu nişastalarda amiloz/amilopektin oranı sırasıyla 25/75, 0/100 ve 70/30 olarak belirtilmiştir. Doğal nişastaların gıdalardaki kullanımı sınırlı kalmaktadır. Normal nişasta hızlı sindirilebilir olması sebebiyle gıdanın glisemik indeksini yükseltir. Yüksek amilozlu tahıl nişastaları, enzime dirençli nişasta üretiminde kullanılmaktadır. Amiloz içeriği arttıkça nişasta sindirimi de yavaşlamaktadır. Gıdaların beslenme kalitesinin farklı yapısal ve fonksiyonel özellikteki nişasta tipleri kullanılarak artırılması, beslenmeye bağlı kronik hastalıkları azaltmada etkili olabileceği belirtilmektedir. Beslenmedeki önemi dışında, nişastanın gıdalarda çirişlenme, su tutma, geçirgenlik, stabilizatör ve kıvam artırıcı özelliklerinin iyileştirilebilmesi için farklı tipte nişastalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.
Supply of Consumer Goods, Per Capita Consumption due to Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Widnyana I Wayan , Widyawati Sapta Rini
Published: December 2020

The Covid-19 pandemic that is happening now is affecting the economy. This study aims to examine changes in the supply of consumer goods to Bali from outside Bali in the Indonesian territory and changes in the per capita consumption of the Balinese population, due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Two events were observed, namely the first event was the announcement of the first positive case of Covid-19 in Indonesia, and the 2nd event was the determination of the status of a national disaster by the Indonesian government. Data analysis was performed using a different test with the SPSS v.23 program. The results of the analysis found that there was a difference in the supply of consumer goods to Bali from outside Bali and the per capita consumption of the Balinese population in the first and 2nd events. The supply of consumer goods and per capita consumption decreased significantly after the announcement of the first positive case of Covid-19 and then further decreased after the Indonesian government declared a national disaster status. The determination of the status of a national disaster has a greater impact on reducing the per capita consumption of the Balinese population than the announcement of the first Covid-19 patient. As a result of Covid-19, it is hoped that the Bali Provincial Government needs to make policy breakthroughs to encourage the fulfillment of consumer goods needs in Bali independently so that they do not always depend on supplies from outside Bali. The Covid-19 pandemic has reduced people's income and reduced buying power, thus demanding people to be smarter in managing finances, including adjusting consumption patterns according to the priority scale of needs.
Analysis of The Relationship among Macroeconomics, Monetary and Income Inequality
Authors: Taresh A. Abdulrahman , Sari Dyah Wulan , Purwono Rudi
Published: December 2020

Income inequality in Indonesia remains a controversial issue in the context of Indonesian macroeconomic condition that is evolving in output and government spending, and its increase in consumption accompanied by inflation and slowing of bank credit. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship among macroeconomics, monetary and income inequality through a broad theoretical model by adopting a panel Structural Vector Auto-regression (SVAR) model to get more sample size during the period 2005-2018 at 33 provinces in Indonesia. The main results indicate that the variables of output and inflation have positive relationships. The relationship between output and income inequality is also significantly correlated, and those results supported by Kuznets's theory reveal that the relationship between economic growth and income inequality is positive in the short term. The relationship between inflation and income inequality is positive as well in Indonesia. This result is by the fact that low-income families are considered more vulnerable to inflation. The impact of non-food consumption shocks increases income inequality, while Indonesian government spending and bank credit shocks reduce income inequality. Then the response of savings and bank credit to the shock of income inequality is positive.
What Determines Households’ Willingness to Pay for Clean Water?
Authors: Muazzinah Muazzinah , Majid M. Shabri Abd. , Syathi Putri Bintusy
Published: December 2020

This study aims to measure the households' Willingness to Pay (WTP) for clean water in Aceh Besar Regency and its determinants (i.e., income, education, family size, gender, and age). Of 16,164 households who have no access to clean water across seven sub-districts in the Aceh Besar region, 154 of them were selected as the sample of the study using a multi-stage random sampling technique. To measure the households' WTP for clean water and its determinants, this study uses the contingent valuation and multiple regression techniques. The study recorded that the average households' WTP for clean water was IDR444,123.38 per month. Based on multiple regression model, except for the variables of gender and age that have insignificant effect, the level of income, education, and family size were found to affect the households' WTP for clean water positively. These findings imply that to enhance households' WTP for clean water, the government should prioritize the rural-based economic, education, and family planning programs. Providing a more clean water distribution, followed by improving water and services quality at affordable prices would help the government to realize 100% access to clean water for all citizens in accordance with one of the SDGs' pillars.
CITED4 mediates proliferation, apoptosis and steroidogenesis of Hu sheep granulosa cells in vitro
Authors: Yao Xiaolei , EI-Samahy M A , Xiao Shenhua , Wang Zhibo , Meng Fanxing , Li Xiaodan , Bao Yongjin , Zhang Yanli , Wang Ziyu , Fan Yixuan , Wang Feng
Published: December 2020

Being a novel target of luteinizing hormone (LH), the effect of CREB-binding protein/P300-interacting trans-activator with ED-rich tail member 4 (CITED4) gene on the proliferation, apoptosis, and steroidogenesis of ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) in Hu sheep was investigated. The presence of CITED4, CREB-binding protein (CBP), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα) and -beta (C/EBPβ) proteins was demonstrated in GCs and luteal cells. CITED4 protein in GCs was induced by LH, and CITED4 overexpression moderately increased GC responses to LH. In contrast, CITED4 knockdown in GCs decreased prostaglandin (PGE2)-induced LH target gene levels. Moreover, PGE2-stimulated CITED4 mRNA expression was blocked by ERK1/2 inhibition (U0126), suggesting that CITED4 is a downstream target of the ERK1/2 pathway in sheep GCs. In contrast to CITED4 knockdown, CITED4 overexpression promoted GC proliferation, inhibited apoptosis, upregulated cell cycle-related genes, and downregulated apoptosis-related genes. Additionally, CITED4 overexpression induced cell cycle transition from S to G2/M phase. No effect was observed with CITED4 knockdown. CITED4 overexpression increased progesterone (P4) production levels and STAR mRNA expression, whereas CITED4 knockdown decreased P4 production and STAR and 3β-HSD mRNA expression levels. Thus, our results suggest that CITED4 is involved in regulating the expression of LH-induced genes and the ERK1/2 pathway and the proliferation, apoptosis, and steroidogenesis in Hu sheep GCs by modulating the expression of related genes. These findings will help understand the role of CITED4 in follicular development and ovulation of pre-ovulatory follicles.
Early pregnancy weight gain and fat accrual predict pregnancy outcome in growing adolescent sheep
Authors: Wallace Jacqueline M , Milne John S , Aitken Raymond P
Published: December 2020

The competition for nutrients when pregnancy coincides with continuing growth in biologically immature adolescent girls increases their risk of preterm delivery and low birthweight and is partly replicated in the overnourished adolescent sheep paradigm. Although overfeeding to promote rapid maternal growth robustly leads to a reduction in average birthweight relative to slow-growing control-fed adolescents of equivalent age, the extent of prenatal compromise is variable. This retrospective analysis of a large cohort of identically managed pregnancies determined whether maternal anthropometry predicts the severity of fetal growth-restriction (FGR) in growing adolescents. Singleton pregnancies were established by embryo transfer in adolescents subsequently control-fed (n = 96) or overnourished. The latter pregnancies were classified as non-FGR (n = 116) or FGR (n = 96) if lamb birthweight was above or below the optimally fed control mean minus 2SD. A similar approach categorised placental growth-restriction (PlGR) and preterm delivery. Gestation length, placental mass and lamb birthweight were FGR < non-FGR < control (post hoc P < 0.01). Relative to the non-FGR group, overnourished dams with FGR were marginally leaner and lighter at conception (P = 0.023/P = 0.014) and had greater gestational weight gain (GWG) during the first-third of pregnancy (P < 0.001). GWG during this early period was also higher in PlGR compared with non-PlGR, and in very preterm vs term deliveries (P < 0.01). Likewise maternal leptin concentrations (fat accrual biomarker) were FGR > non-FGR by day 60, and changes in leptin throughout pregnancy predicted attenuated fetal cotyledon mass and birthweight (P = 0.01 to <0.001). The anthropometric antecedents of FGR in still-growing adolescent sheep originate in early pregnancy coincident with early placental development.
Improvement of investment support for human capital development in the conditions of digital transformation
Authors: Irtyshcheva Inna , Trushlyakova Antonina
Published: December 2020

The features of investment in the development of human capital in Ukraine at the regional level, in the private sector and at the household level have been investigated. It is noted that the state acts as the main investor in the formation and development of human capital, financing the main expenses in the field of education, medicine, cultural and physical development and social security. However, state policy in the context of limited financial resources and their irrational use does not contribute to the effective development and reproduction of human potential in accordance with the needs of the digital economy. Despite the nominal increase in social spending, their structure is irrational, and the spending itself do not consider as investment. An insufficient level of investment activity in the field of investment in human capital observe at the corporate and individual levels. It has been determined that the main incentive for the development of human capital affects the formation of a motivational basis at all levels is the purposeful, consistent and pragmatic activity of state authorities aimed at implementing a certain development strategy for the country, ensuring its security and macroeconomic stability. An important condition is also the creation of a regulatory framework that is adapted to the specifics and realities of economic and social transformations in the context of digitalization, the regulation of labor relations, and the preservation of social and investment guarantees. To regulate and intensify investment activities, a model of investment support for the human capital development is proposed. It involves the redistribution of investment resources in accordance with the subjects of investment and the expected results of the investment process, forms and criteria for assessing individual components of human capital at different stages of the life cycle, together form a general model of financing it development and reproduction at all levels.