bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Preliminary Case Analysis of the Post- Activation Potentiation Effects of Plyometrics on Sprint Performance in Women
Authors: Lockie Robert G. , Davis DeShaun L. , Giuliano Dominic V. , Risso Fabrice G. , Orjalo Ashley J. , Moreno Matthew R. , Lazar Adrina
Published: January 2017

This study provided a case analysis of the effects of plyometrics on post-activation potentiation (PAP) of 20-m (0-5, 0-10, 0-20 m intervals) sprint performance in strength-trained females. Three college-aged participants performed a one-repetition maximum (1RM) squat, which was used to set the load for a jump squat with 30% 1RM (JS30). Over three sessions, participants performed three PAP protocols: a control condition of 4 min rest (CC); 3 sets x 5 repetitions of the JS30; and 3 sets x 10 repetitions of the alternate leg bound (ALB). Peak and mean power were recorded during the JS30. Participants performed two baseline sprints prior to each condition, and then six sprints from immediately after for 16 min post. Results indicated that the JS30 and ALB could potentiate sprinting, although responses were highly individual. The two more powerful participants experienced more sprint enhancements across more time points than the less powerful participant. Any performance changes were in the range of 1-4%, which is typical of PAP research. It cannot, however, be confirmed whether the JS30 and ALB were superior to the CC. Nonetheless, the data suggest the JS30 and ALB could potentiate sprinting in females. Further research is needed to confirm these findings.
Investigating the Teaching Styles of Tennis Coaches Using The Spectrum
Authors: Hewitt Mitchell , Edwards Ken , Ashworth Sarah , Pill Shane
Published: January 2017

It is unknown what teaching styles (range of pedagogies) coaches are employing during coaching sessions and whether these teaching styles are associated with recommended pedagogical principles advocated by sport and coaching scholars. It is unknown whether twenty years of coach education has shifted coaching practice as the insights into the pedagogical diversity and preference of teaching styles that underpin and inform the coaches’ decisions to employ particular teaching strategies during coaching sessions are undetermined. This paper addresses these unknowns in the field of tennis coaching in Australia by reporting the findings of a study that address the lack of information on the teaching styles employed by tennis coaches by asking the following research question: What teaching styles are junior coaches in Australia actually using during coaching sessions? This study used The Spectrum (Mosston & Ashworth, 2008) of teaching styles as a tool to assess the observed teaching styles of twelve junior coaches. Contrary to the educational convictions of Australian sport coach education materials the results from this study indicated that the coaches in this study potentially did not offer players developmental opportunities beyond a limited range (i.e., motor skill development in the physical learning domain) due to a narrow pedagogical mix in their coaching.
Generating Fuzzy Implications by Ordinal Sums
Authors: Drygaś Paweł , Król Anna
Published: January 2017

This paper deals with ordinal sums of fuzzy implications. Some of the known constructions are recalled and new ways of generating fuzzy implications from given ones are proposed. Sufficient properties of fuzzy implications as summands for obtaining a fuzzy implication as a result are presented.
Vocational Training Organisation Preparation to Introduce Technology Enhanced Training and Learning
Authors: Abromavičienė Daiva
Published: January 2017

The article presents the analysis of the introduction of the technology enhanced learner-centered learning (TEL) and its opportunities in the vocational training organization. Research aim was to reveal how the vocational training organizations are ready to introduce technology enhanced training (learning). In the study was applied the Connectivism theory based on TEL introduction quality criteria groups - strategy and management; information communication technology (ICT) and infrastructure; training and learning content and methods; continuous professional development; TEL support system in the educational organization; TEL content quality assurance; internal and external communication. From research the following conclusions were formulated:

• Participation in the TEL raises challenges for administration staff and teachers of vocational training organizations. On the one hand, this is an aspiration for meaningful and qualitative learning outcomes; on the other hand, this is the appearance of responsibility and liability which encourages all education participants to accept the resulting change in the training and learning processes.

• TEL introduction quality criteria enable organizations to integrate TEL in a coherent and systematic way, but the accomplished research in vocational training organizations shows that TEL introduction was carried out being insufficiently ready.

• TEL introduction is implemented inconsistently in vocational training; more emphasis is put on one or the other sphere. According to the respondents, the support of the TEL system is especially weak, because it is not recognized in the organization. If the technological, organizational and educational, consulting and information support for teachers and learners are not properly implemented and ensured, effective, acceptable and effective TEL outcomes as well as learning quality cannot be expected.
Enactment of the Vet Curricula in the Work Process
Authors: Anužienė Laimutė , Tūtlys Vidmantas
Published: January 2017

The main goal of this article is to explore the contents of the concept of enactment of the VET curriculum in the work process and to disclose the current methodological and methodical approaches of it’s implementation in practice. The article starts with the discussing the theoretical aspects of the enactment of the VET curricula referring to the insights of psychology, sociology of education and work, as well as vocational didactics research. It is followed by the case study of the enactment of VET curriculum in the education and work processes in one initial VET centre of Lithuania aimed to disclose applied methodological approaches and their implications for the professional and personal development of students. Research provides evidence that effective and sustainable enactment of the initial VET curricula requires to apply the integrated and holistic approach to competence development and implementation of VET curriculum.
Active Nerve Regeneration with Failed Target Reinnervation Drives Persistent Neuropathic Pain
Authors: Xie Wenrui , Strong Judith A. , Zhang Jun-Ming
Published: January 2017

Peripheral nerves can regenerate and, when injured, may cause neuropathic pain. We propose that the active regeneration process plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of neuropathic pain. In one commonly used rodent neuropathic pain model, pronounced pain behaviors follow ligation and cutting of the L5 spinal nerve. We found that the injured nerve regenerates into the sciatic nerve and functionally reinnervates target tissues: the regenerated nerve conducts electrical signals, mechanical responses, and tracers between the leg/hindpaw and axotomized sensory ganglion. The regenerating nerve is the primary source of abnormal spontaneous activity detectedin vivo. Disrupting the regeneration inhibited pain. First, semaphorin 3A, an inhibitory axonal guidance molecule, reduced functional regeneration, spontaneous activity, and pain behaviors when applied to the injury sitein vivo. Second, knockdown of the upregulated growth-associated protein 43 (GAP43) with siRNA injected into the axotomized sensory ganglion reduced pain behaviors. We next examined the spared nerve injury model, in which pain behaviors are essentially permanent. The regeneration resulted in tangled GAP43-positive neuromas at the nerve injury site without target reinnervation. Perfusing the nerve stump with semaphorin 3A, but not removing the tangled fibers, prevented or reversed pain behaviors. This effect far outlasted the semaphorin 3A perfusion. Hence, in this model the long-lasting chronic pain may reflect the anatomical inability of regenerating nerves to successfully reinnervate target tissues, resulting in an ongoing futile regeneration process. We propose that specifically targeting the regeneration process may provide effective long-lasting pain relief in patients when functional reinnervation becomes impossible.
A Gustatory Neural Circuit ofCaenorhabditis elegansGenerates Memory-Dependent Behaviors in Na+Chemotaxis
Authors: Wang Lifang , Sato Hirofumi , Satoh Yohsuke , Tomioka Masahiro , Kunitomo Hirofumi , Iino Yuichi
Published: January 2017

Animals show various behaviors in response to environmental chemicals. These behaviors are often plastic depending on previous experiences.Caenorhabditis elegans, which has highly developed chemosensory system with a limited number of sensory neurons, is an ideal model for analyzing the role of each neuron in innate and learned behaviors. Here, we report a new type of memory-dependent behavioral plasticity in Na+chemotaxis generated by the left member of bilateral gustatory neuron pair ASE (ASEL neuron). When worms were cultivated in the presence of Na+, they showed positive chemotaxis toward Na+, but when cultivated under Na+-free conditions, they showed no preference regarding Na+concentration. Both channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) activation with blue light and up-steps of Na+concentration activated ASEL only after cultivation with Na+, as judged by increase in intracellular Ca2+. Under cultivation conditions with Na+, photoactivation of ASEL caused activation of its downstream interneurons AIY and AIA, which stimulate forward locomotion, and inhibition of its downstream interneuron AIB, which inhibits the turning/reversal behavior, and overall drove worms toward higher Na+concentrations. We also found that the Gq signaling pathway and the neurotransmitter glutamate are both involved in the behavioral response generated by ASEL.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAnimals have acquired various types of behavioral plasticity during their long evolutionary history.Caenorhabditis elegansprefers odors associated with food, but plastically changes its behavioral response according to previous experience. Here, we report a new type of behavioral response generated by a single gustatory sensory neuron, the ASE-left (ASEL) neuron. ASEL did not respond to photostimulation or upsteps of Na+concentration when worms were cultivated in Na+-free conditions; however, when worms were cultivated with Na+, ASEL responded and inhibited AIB to avoid turning and stimulated AIY and AIA to promote forward locomotion, which collectively drove worms toward higher Na+concentrations. Glutamate and the Gq signaling pathway are essential for driving worms toward higher Na+concentrations.
Gasification of Biomass in an Updraft Fixed Bed Reactor: Effect of Viscous Models
Authors: F. J. Alarcón-Gaete  , J. C. Elicer-Cortés
Published: January 2017

A numerical study to investigate the influence of viscous models in the biomass gasification in an updraft fixed bed reactor is presented. The unsteady simulations were performed using finite volume method of ANSYS Fluent. A two-dimensional axisymmetric transient model was used to simulate the biomass gasification process. The model is based on the Euler-Euler multiphase formulation. The reactive gas-solid flow considers both homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions (drying, pyrolysis, combustion and gasification). Source terms and chemical kinetics are incorporated into the code using user-defined functions programmed in C. Results are validated with experimental data available in the literature for gasification in a continuous reactor. Temperatures and mole fractions of CO, CO2, CH4, Tar, and H2 at the reactor exit are in good agreement with the experimental measurements. Laminar model is agreed with experimental data for net calorific value, however, discrepancies are observed when the mixture model is used. This work provides a methodology for studying gasification in fixed beds using a commercial CFD code which can be used in gasifier design, analysis, and optimization.
Object-oriented perception: towards a contrastive approach to evidentiality in media discourse
Authors: Domínguez Romero Elena
Published: January 2017

This paper is a corpus-based study of the evidential realisations of object-oriented perception verbs in English and Spanish written and oral media discourse. The main aim of the study is to analyse and compare the different uses and complementation patterns taken by the English words look and sound and their Spanish counterparts se ve and suena. The procedure followed involves a contrastive analysis methodology: (i) description of data, (ii) juxtaposition and (iii) contrast. The data has been taken from oral and written media discourse corpora in English and Spanish. The study has revealed interesting similarities and differences in the uses and complementation patterns adopted by object-oriented perception verbs in both written and oral English and Spanish, thus making a contribution to a debate in which Spanish has been obviated to date.
Modal hedging verbs in English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) Business Management research articles
Authors: Mur-Dueñas Pilar
Published: January 2017

When publishing the results of their research, scholars need to convince their readers of the validity of their claims, adjusting their writing to the prevailing discursive and rhetorical conventions. Hedges play a crucial role in persuading readers of such validity. Previous cross-cultural research in English for Academic Purposes (EAP) has revealed significant differences in the use of these interpersonal features in research articles (RAs) in different languages and publication contexts. In this paper, hedging modal verbs will be contrastively analysed in a corpus of RAs written by English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) users and by native English scholars affiliated to Anglophone institutions in the field of Business Management. The frequency of use of hedging modal verbs, their main functional uses, and their particular phraseological realizations will be examined. The results will help us gain an insight into how new knowledge claims are negotiated in international English-medium publications in this discipline as well as into the particular shaping of ELF written academic communication.
(Non)epistemic modality: English must, have to and have got to and their correspondences in Lithuanian
Authors: Šolienė Audronė
Published: January 2017

This paper deals with the three types of modality – epistemic, deontic and dynamic. It examines the relation between the synchronic uses of the modal auxiliary must and the semi-modals have to and have got to as well as their Lithuanian translation correspondences (TCs) found in a bidirectional translation corpus. The study exploits quantitative and qualitative methods of research. The purpose is to find out which type of modality is most common in the use of must, have to and have got to; to establish their equivalents in Lithuanian in terms of congruent or non-congruent correspondence (Johansson 2007); and to determine how Lithuanian TCs (verbs or adverbials) correlate with different types of modality expressed. The analysis has shown that must is mostly used to convey epistemic nuances, while have to and have got to feature in non-epistemic environments. The findings show that must can boast of a great diversity of TCs. Some of them may serve as epistemic markers; others appear in deontic domains only. Have (got) to, on the other hand, is usually rendered by the modal verbs reikėti ‘need’ and turėti ‘must/have to’, which usually encode deontic modality.
Allyl nitrile: Toxicity and health effects
Authors: Tanii Hideji
Published: January 2017

Objectives

Allyl nitrile (3-butenenitrile) occurs naturally in the environment, in particular, in cruciferous vegetables, indicating a possible daily intake of the compound. There is no report on actual health effects of allyl nitrile in humans, although it is possible that individualsinthe environment areat a riskof exposureto allyl nitrile. However, little is known about its quantitative assessment for the environment and bioactivity in the body. This study provides a review of previous accumulated studies on allyl nitrile.

Methods

Published literature on allyl nitrile was examined for findings on toxicity, metabolism, risk of various cancers, generation, intake estimates, and low-dose effects in the body.

Results

High doses of allyl nitrile produce toxicity characterized by behavioral abnormalities, which are considered to be produced by an active metabolite, 3,4-epoxybutyronitrile. Cruciferous vegetables have been shown to have a potential role in reducing various cancers. Hydrolysis of the glucosinolate sinigrin, rich in cruciferous vegetables, results in the generation of allyl nitrile. An intake of allyl nitrile is estimated at 0.12 µmol/kg body weight in Japan. Repeated exposure to low doses of allyl nitrile upregulates antioxidant/phase II enzymes in various tissues; this may contribute to a reduction in neurotoxicity and skin inflammation. These high and low doses are far more than the intake estimate.

Conclusion

Allyl nitrile in the environment is a compound with diverse bioactivitiesin the body, characterizedbyinducing behavioral abnormalitiesathigh doses and some antioxidant/phaseII enzymes at low doses.
Efficacy of microencapsulated nucleopolyhedroviruses from Colombia as biological insecticides against Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Barrera Cubillos Gloria Patricia , Gómez-Valderrama Juliana Andrea , Villamizar Rivero Laura Fernanda
Published: January 2017

Wettable powder formulations by microencapsulation of viral occlusion bodies (OBs) of both Spodoptera frugiperda multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus from Colombia (SfCOL) and a genotypic variant (SfCOL-A) were evaluated for controlling the fall armyworm S. frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in maize crops. Microencapsulation preserved OBs activity after three months of storage at 35ºC, where insecticidal activity loss was not greater than 12%. Additionally, the formulation protected the OBs against inactivation caused by UV-B radiation, retaining its insecticidal activity after 6 hours of UV laboratory exposure, in contrast to unformulated viral suspensions, which presented an Original Activity Remaining (OAR) between 12.1 and 50%. Under greenhouse conditions, the insect mortality was greater than 80% with microencapsulated viruses. In field trials, treatments reduced the percentage of damaged plants to levels below the economic injury level (35%) when the formulated and unformulated virus were applied at 8x1011 OBs/ha (800g/ha) dose, while the damage in the control treatment was close to 60%. Microencapsulation of SfCOL and SfCOL-A OBs provides useful advantages related to half-life and photostability.
Demographic and labor market transformations in rural areas of Chile
Authors: Rodrigues Garcés Carlos , Fawaz Yissi María Julia , Muñoz Soto Johana Andrea
Published: January 2017

Based on the information provided by the Encuesta de Caracterización Socioeconómica Nacional (CASEN) (National Socioeconomic Characterization Survey) of 1990 and 2013, the reconfigurations of the Chilean countryside are analyzed in terms of their demographic trends and labor market restructuring. An ongoing process of depopulation and aging of the rural population is found. Agricultural activities of the rural labor market become less relevant both in terms of jobs and income, showing a strong process of deagrarianisation, salaried workers and feminization of the labor market.
Functional response of Cydnodromus picanus (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae)
Authors: Tello Mercado Víctor Ernesto , Zarzar Maza Miguel Esteban , Suarez Pantoja Angélica María
Published: January 2017

The functional response of adult females of predatory mite Cydnodromus picanus Ragusa (Acari: Phytoseiidae) was evaluated at different egg densities (5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 100 and 150 eggs per predator) of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), which had 16, 42 and 65 h since oviposition. The experimental design was in a completely randomized blocks with five replicates per treatment. The environmental conditions of the trials were 25±2°C temperature, 50±2% of relative humidity and a photoperiod of 16:8 hours (light: dark). The average consumption rates for the three kinds of prey showed no significant differences (p>0.05) being 20.56±1.02, 18.59±0.79 and 18.38±0.94 prey/predator for eggs of 16, 42 and 65 h age, respectively. Using a logistic regression, a type II functional response on C. picanus females for the three kinds of eggs was determined. The values of response parameters for C. picanus females were as follows: Attack rate (a): 0.055±0.006, 0.076±0.009 and 0.073±0.016; Handling time (Th): 0.684±0.036, 0.894±0.034 and 0.898±0.062; for eggs of 16, 42 and 65 h age, respectively. These values are within the range of variation for different species of phytoseiids. These results suggest that C. picanus could effectively regulate populations of T. urticae in the field.
Effectiveness of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi use in the cherimoya (Annona cherimola Mill.) seedlings growth
Authors: Viera William , Campaña Diego , Castro Salomé , Vásquez Wilson , Viteri Pablo , Zambrano José
Published: January 2017

Cherimoya (Annona cherimola Mill.) is native to the inter-Andean valleys of southern Ecuador and northern Peru. In Ecuador, the yield of this fruit crop is low, mainly due to agricultural management problems and poor fertilization. This research aims to assess the effect of native mycorrhizal fungi on seedling growth of cherimoya (cultivar 'Cangahua'). Sampling of soil and roots was carried out in 14 production sites of cherimoya. Soils that obtained the largest number of spores and greatest percentage of mycorrhizal colonization were those collected in Tumbabiro (plot 10), Gonzanamá, Paute and San Francisco de Atahualpa. These soils were used to propagate the inoculums in trap plants (Sorghum vulgare) and subsequently, they were used to inoculate the seeds and seedlings of cherimoya. There was no statistical difference to jointly analyze the results obtained in the inoculated seeds and seedlings. However, independently, the inoculum coming from the soil of Tumbabiro obtained the best results by doubling the content of total phosphorus and 47% increase in dry matter in cherimoya seedlings compared to control.
Authors: Pérez-Gutiérrez Alfonzo , Garruña René , Vázquez Pedro , Latournerie-Moreno Luis , Andrade José Luis , Us-Santamaría Roberth
Published: January 2017

The irrigation methods offer a good alternative for increasing water use efficiency. The main purpose of this study was to identify the best irrigation level for Habanero pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) plants based on available water capacity (AWC) of substrate. An experiment carried out with three irrigation levels (20, 40 and 60% of AWC) and five genotypes (H225, H241, H244, H226 and Jaguar). The irrigation level of 20% decreased the soil water potential to cause water stress in plants. At an irrigation level of 40%, average jaguar plant height (92 cm) and H241 (79 cm), genotypes were greater than under the other treatments. Average leaf area of H225, H241 and H244 plants was at least 48% greater than Jaguar plants. Average total dry matter of H241 and Jaguar plants, were 30 and 28% greater than H226 plants; and values of maximum photochemical quantum yield (Fv/Fm), relative electron transport rate and effective photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II were higher in H241, H244 and H226 plants; i.e. they are less probably due to photo inhibition damage. However, flowering time was earlier in plants with an irrigation level (IL) of 20% than plants with an IL of 40%, this was a consequence of stress due to water deficit. The 60% irrigation treatment caused flooding and all genotypes died before the inflorescence stage. These results suggest the enforcement of a suitable irrigation level based in available water capacity of substrate coupled with a vigorous genotype can encourage healthy plants and high water use efficiency.
Cadmium voltametric quantification in table chocolate produced in Chiquinquira-Boyaca, Colombia
Authors: Chaparro Acuña Sandra Patricia , Vargas Moreno Paola Andrea , Silva Gómez Leonardo Andrés , Cárdenas Oswaldo Eliécer
Published: January 2017

Bioaccumulation of heavy metals such as cadmium has been a major concern in scientific communities and international food organizations, given the great toxicological risk to the consumer, and in many places there is no detailed record of its actual content. In this way, the need arises to carry out a study and registration of the concentration of this metal in products such as table chocolate, of great consumption at regional and national level. Likewise, we seek to have effective quantification tools and a reliable and affordable method to achieve the aim of this research. In this research, Cadmium content in powdered and granulated table chocolate was determined, elaborated and commercialized in the municipality of Chiquinquira, Boyacá-Colombia, using the differential pulse voltammetric method of anodic redisolution (DPVMAR). Previously, the parameters of this method were evaluated, selecting selectivity, linearity, sensitivity, precision and accuracy with satisfactory results as follows: selective at a potential range of 0.54 to 0.64 V, sensitivity in ppb, R2> 0.95, % CV <10% % R> 80%). Analysis of variance showed no significant statistical differences (P <0.05) between the results. Cadmium quantification in samples of granulated and powder chocolate showed values of concentration between 214 and 260 ppb, with the highest concentrations of powder chocolate. Cadmium level did not exceed the tolerable weekly intake limit for this type of food.
Rehabilitación del contenedor y expulsión del contenido: modelo de renovación urbana de la modernidad
Authors: Herrera - Medina Eleonora , Mujica Sandoval Maria Del Pilar , Marti Juan Jose , Molina Prieto Luis Fernando
Published: January 2017

El artículo cuestiona el modelo de renovación urbana heredado de la modernidad, pues genera múltiples efectos negativos en el plano inmaterial, como son: la corrupción urbana, la exclusión territorial y la ruptura del tejido sociocultural. Se revisa, además, un proyecto de renovación urbana que se encuentra en su fase de formulación, pero que anuncia efectos negativos para los pobladores del área que involucra. Así, el artículo presenta argumentos conceptuales y evidencias empíricas que los sustentan. Se concluye que, para contribuir a la sostenibilidad de las ciudades, los proyectos de renovación urbana deben incluir los elementos materiales e inmateriales de las áreas intervenidas.
“Gobernanza territorial en Mendoza, Argentina. Limitaciones y desafíos en la planificación colaborativa del territorio”
Authors: Dalla Torre Matías Agustín
Published: January 2017

El presente trabajo analiza -a través del enfoque de la gobernanza territorial- el proceso de participación ciudadana que concluyó con la elaboración del plan provincial de ordenamiento   territorial para la provincia de Mendoza, Argentina. Se intenta dar  respuestas a dos principales interrogantes: ¿Existe en Mendoza un modelo de participación y de gestión del territorio innovador y respaldado por multiplicidad de actores? ¿El plan de ordenamiento territorial de la provincia refleja una visión territorial compartida y consensuada?A modo de hipótesis se sostiene que la Gobernanza Territorial en Mendoza es un modelo emergente aún limitado,  de incipiente institucionalización,  que no ha logrado plasmar en el plan de ordenamiento territorial una visión a futuro sobre el territorio compartida y consensuada mediante la participación ciudadana.La propuesta se inicia con análisis de las implicancias teóricas y prácticas de estos nuevos estilos de gobierno sustentados en la Gobernanza. Posteriormente, se focaliza en el traspaso del concepto de gobernanza hacia la gobernanza aplicada a la gestión del territorio. En la parte tercera, se contextualiza la ordenación del territorio en Mendoza y se caracterizan los procesos de gobernanza territorial suscitados.  El trabajo finaliza con una recapitulación de las principales conclusiones obtenidas en cada apartado.
Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Aviation
Authors: Dalmarco Gustavo , Russomano Thaís
Published: January 2017

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Secular stagnation: What the debate is about?
Authors: Hudecz Gergely
Published: January 2017

In the aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis, the recovery in economic activity has been weak and much of the academic and policy discussions seek to explain this sluggish growth. This literature review presents how the secular stagnation hypothesis re-emerged in 2013 and evolved over time. It identifies its key tenets, its most contentious points and its most important critiques. Secular stagnation has different interpretations, which complicates the debate, and the objective of this paper is to clarify the demarcation lines between various theories and to show how some of them amalgamated over time. The secular stagnation hypothesis links weak growth to a decline in natural interest rates. Most observers agree that natural interest rates have indeed declined over the past decade and may be in negative territory. However, there are diverging views about the factors which led to negative interest rates and how lasting their impact is likely to be. The secular stagnation hypothesis points to various fundamental factors and suggests a long-term effect, while the global savings glut and debt super-cycle concepts assume only a temporary impact and anticipate that global economic growth and real interest rates will eventually rebound.
Are opinion leaders more satisfied? Results of a SEM model about the relationship between opinion leadership and online customer satisfaction
Authors: Nagy Akos , Kemény Ildikó , Szűcs Krisztián , Simon Judit , Kiss Viktor
Published: January 2017

More and more research is dedicated to address the phenomenon of online word-of-mouth (WOM). Concerning electronic WOM, three major underlying motives can be differentiated: opinion seeking, opinion giving and opinion passing (Flynn et al. 1996; Sun et al. 2006). The main aim of the research is to analyse the relationship between these three dimensions and the level of customer satisfaction. The research is based on a representative sample of 1000 respondents living in Hungary. According to the hypothesized Structural Equation Model (SEM), we can conclude that online opinion seeking behaviour has a significant positive impact on levels of customer satisfaction, as well as on opinion giving and opinion passing. This implies that opinion leaders not just share, but also collect enormous amounts of information about products and services and raise their expectations according to feedback. By doing so, their prior expectations are in relation to the true customer value of online stores and products. This means that customer satisfaction — measured using the disconfirmation paradigm — will reach a higher level, so it is advisory for online retailers to encourage customers to give feedback, write reviews, because it will affect the customer satisfaction level in a positive manner.
PARAMETER POPULASI HIU MARTIL (Sphyrna lewini Griffith & Smith, 1834) DI PERAIRAN SELATAN NUSA TENGGARA
Authors: Sentosa Agus Arifin , Dharmadi Dharmadi , Tjahjo Didik Wahju Hendro
Published: January 2017

Hiu martil (Sphyrna lewini Griffith & Smith, 1834) merupakan salah satu target tangkapan bagi perikanan artisanal di Indonesia. Dengan status konservasi masuk dalam Appendix II CITES, pengelolaan terhadap hiu martil telah menjadi perhatian khusus di bidang perikanan tangkap. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji beberapa aspek parameter populasi hiu martil yang tertangkap di perairan selatan Nusa Tenggara pada periode Januari – Desember 2015. Data ukuran panjang dan jenis kelamin diperoleh di Tempat Pendaratan Ikan Tanjung Luar, Lombok Timur, Nusa Tenggara Barat. Analisis dilakukan secara deskriptif menggunakan perangkat lunak FiSAT II. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 634 ekor hiu martil yang tertangkap didominasi oleh jenis kelamin betina dengan sebaran ukuran panjang total berkisar antara 81 – 320 cm (rerata 211,2 cm) dan jenis kelamin jantan berkisar antara 91 – 310 cm (rerata 176,9 cm). Dominasi kelompok hiu muda yang belum matang kelamin berpotensi terjadinya recruitment overfishing. Hiu martil mampu mencapai panjang asimtot 399 cm. Laju pertumbuhan dan mortalitas jenis hiu jantan lebih tinggi dibandingkan jenis betina. Populasi hiu martil telah mengalami kondisi tangkap lebih sehingga perlu adanya regulasi dan pengelolaan agar pemanfaatannya tetap lestari. The scalloped hammerhead sharks (Sphyrna lewini Griffith & Smith, 1834) is one of the main target fishing for artisanal shark fisheries in Indonesia. By the conservation status of Appendix II CITES, its management had been concerned in capture fisheries. This research aimed to assess some aspects of scalloped hammerhead shark population parameters caught in the southern of Nusa Tenggara in the period from January to December 2015. Fish length and sex was obtained in Tanjung Luar landing site, East Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. The analysis was done descriptively used FiSAT II software. The results showed that 634 individuals of hammerhead shark caught dominated by female with a total length size distribution ranging between 81-320 cm (mean 211.2 cm) and male ranged between 91-310 cm (mean 176.9 cm). The dominance catch of juvenile sharks with immature was potential to recruitment overfishing. Sphyrna lewini was capable of reaching 399 cm asymptotic length. The growth rate and mortality of male sharks was higher than female. The population of S. lewini had been overfished so that the regulation and management are needed in order to maintain their sustainability of the population.
About the Influence of Silver Nanoparticles on Living Organisms Physiology
Authors: Zeinalov Orkhan А , Kombarova Svetlana P , Bagrov Dmitry V , Petrosyan Mariya A , Tolibova Gulrukhsor H , Feofanov Alexey V , Shaitan Konstantin V
Published: January 2017

The production and properties of silver-containing products currently attract increasing attention due to the unique properties of silver. Specific properties of silver are considerably amplified when it is dispersed to the form of nanosized particles. Silver nanoparticles are several times more active than its other forms and many antibiotic and biocidal products. At the same time nanoparticles can more easily penetrate the protective barriers of living organisms and get directly into their tissues and organs. To be assured of safety of silver nanoproducts for human health and environment, it is necessary to study the influence of silver nanoparticles on the physiology of living organisms. This paper presents experimental data on effect of two nanosilver preparations (poviargol and argovit) on laboratory mice. Investigated preparations were characterized by transmission electron microscopy. It was established that morphological express control of peripheral blood and biochemical analysis of blood serum of living organisms can serve for purposes of primary monitoring of the pathological conditions caused by silver nanoparticles.
Contact Lens Sensor Triggerfish – What Do We Know?
Authors: Faschinger Christoph ,   Deputy of the Head of the Department of Ophthalmology Medical University, Graz, Austria
Published: January 2017

Multiple measurements of the intraocular pressure (IOP) at different times during the day and at night provide information on the peak and trough values, and the number and magnitude of short- and long-term fluctuations. Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) is generally used only once or a few times during office hours. The ideal would be a safe, well-tolerated, and valid 24- hour measurement. The contact lens sensor Triggerfish® (SENSIMED AG, Lausanne, Switzerland) is claimed to measure changes in corneal curvature induced by changes in IOP. After animal experiments, multiple studies in healthy and glaucoma patients were performed, in some cases revealing good correlation with tonometer values, in others poor or no correlation at all. The interpretation of the 24-hour profiles is not standardised, and there is no agreement upon definition of a fluctuation. Comparability between mmHg and an electrically measured value cannot be established. Despite the fact that safety and tolerability of the device are good, the absence of definitive validation of the results means that the product cannot yet be recommended for daily clinic or office use. This product is also no longer marketed as providing ‘24- hour IOP profile’ or ‘continuous monitoring of IOP fluctuation’, but now rather as recording a ‘24-hour profile of ocular dimensional changes’.
The Importance of Ocular, Systemic and Psychosocial Factors in the Management of the Diabetic Macular Oedema Patient with Antivascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy
Authors: Gale Richard ,   York Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, York, UK, Carneiro Angela ,   University of Porto and Department of Ophthalmology of Hospital São João, Portugal, Zaeytijd Julie de ,   Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium, Dodson Paul ,   Heartlands Hospital and Aston University, Birmingham, UK, Fauser Sascha ,   University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany, Figueira João ,   Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra and Faculty of Medicine of the University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, Larsen Michael ,   Glostrup Hospital and National Eye Clinic, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, Leveziel Nicolas ,   University Hospital Center of Poitiers, Poitiers, France, Kapusta Michael ,   McGill University, Montréal, Canada, Ruiz-Moreno Jose M ,   Castilla La Mancha University, Ciudad Real, Spain, Peiretti Enrico ,   University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy, Pruente Christian ,   University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, Schlingemann Reiner O ,   Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam-Zuidoost, The Netherlands, Scholda Christoph ,   Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Published: January 2017

Acomprehensive list of patient features that influence the management of patients with diabetic macular oedema (DMO) is discussed. These features are grouped into three overarching themes: ocular, systemic and psychosocial. Consensus statements about the relative importance of these features, supported by the literature, were formed by a panel of retinal experts. The major drivers influencing the management of DMO with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy are undoubtedly ocular specific, in particular visual acuity and optical coherence tomography (OCT) central retinal thickness. Systemic factors, such as control of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), blood pressure and serum lipid estimations, have limited direct influence on DMO management although they remain important considerations to communicate to the primary diabetic physician. A greater understanding is required on how many other factors, in particular psychosocial factors, influence the care of the DMO patient.
Effective Ocular Biometry and Intraocular Lens Power Calculation
Authors: Turczynowska Magdalena ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Stefan Żeromski Specialist Municipal Hospital, Cracow, Poland, Koźlik-Nowakowska Katarzyna ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Poznan City Hospital, Poland, Gaca-Wysocka Magdalena ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Poznan City Hospital, Poland, Grzybowski Andrzej ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Poznan City Hospital, Poland,   Department of Ophthalmology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
Published: January 2017

Since the introduction of phacoemulsification, cataract surgery has evolved remarkably. The use of premium intraocular lenses (IOLs) (aspheric, toric, multifocal), refractive lens exchange and patients after refractive surgery procedures require extremely precise clinical measurements and IOL calculation formulas to achieve desired postoperative refraction. For many years, ultrasound biometry has been the standard for measurement of ocular parameters. The introduction of optical biometry (fast and non-invasive) has replaced ultrasound methods and is now considered as the clinical standard for ocular biometry. Recently, several modern optical instruments have been commercially launched and there are new methods available, including the empirical, analytical, numerical or combined methods to determine IOL power. The aim of this review is to present current techniques of ocular biometry and IOL power calculation formulas, which will contribute to achieve highly accurate refractive outcomes.
El lenguaje multidisciplinar de Vincenzo Consolo
Authors: Martín López Carolina
Published: January 2017

La contribución propone un acercamiento a la narrativa de Vincenzo Consolo a través de las frecuentes citas pictóricas, escultóricas, y en menor medida cinematográficas, fotográficas y musicales, que el autor emplea en un proceso de verticalización de su escritura. Consolo recurre al imaginario plástico, procedente de diferentes disciplinas artísticas, y a la evocación de composiciones musicales o cinematográficas cuando expresivamente no es posible sólo la palabra, cuando ésta necesita del apoyo icónico para que una obra pueda ser transmitida de forma armónica, expresando toda su semanticidad, abriendo un amplio abanico de significados polisémicos. El recurso al arte figurativo, cinematográfico y musical no sólo sirve a Consolo de inspiración en el trazado de la identidad de sus personajes, sino que ayuda a la reevocación de los momentos históricos, reforzando su permanencia en la memoria.
Mitopolíticas de los "cantares mexicanos" de José Emilio Pacheco
Authors: Zabalgoitia Herrera Mauricio
Published: January 2017

En este artículo se lleva a cabo un retorno a la poesía de José Emilio Pacheco poniendo especial interés en la relación que desde ésta se establece con el culturalismo mexicanista, la idea de nación y con el uso de algunos bienes culturales simbólicos de carácter indígena, en donde sobresalen mitos y símbolos prehispánicos de la llamada cultura azteca. En términos generales, lo que se argumenta es que la poesía del mexicano, más que establecer continuidad con artefactos literarios criollomestizos, que construyen cultura nacional desde el uso y abuso delpasado glorioso indígena, establece un punto de quiebre promoviendo versiones de la historia desde relatos apocalípticos. Esto lo hace desde la práctica de una idea de intertextualidad que imbrica los mitos nahuas con afanes universalizantes, y con versiones traducidas de dichos mitos mediante citas a los códices más difundidos. Esta acción lo que busca es presagiar la caída del complejo mexicano contemporáneo en la inevitable crisis.
La anagnórisis como proceso dramático: análisis comparado en "Los siete infantes de Lara", de Juan de la Cueva, y "El bastardo Mudarra", de Lope de Vega
Authors: Pascual Barciela Emilio
Published: January 2017

En este trabajo se propone un análisis comparado sobre el uso y la función de la anagnórisis en la tragedia española renacentista y barroca. En una primera parte se realiza un acercamiento a la Poética de Aristóteles para delimitar los modos y los tipos de anagnórisis susceptibles de estudio. Después se lleva a cabo una aplicación teórico-práctica en dos obras representativas de la tragedia española del Siglo de Oro para mostrar las implicaciones que este proceso dramático generaba en la representación. Al final, se muestran sus semejanzas y divergencias en el desarrollo de la tragedia moderna.
El diminutivo en la Bolivia andina de la primera mitad del siglo XIX: valores y funciones en el "Diario" de J. S. Vargas
Authors: Ramírez Luengo José Luis
Published: January 2017

El empleo del diminutivo es un fenómeno de primera importancia para la caracterización del español andino dentro de las variedades americanas de esta lengua, no solo por su altísima frecuencia de uso, sino también por los numerosos valores semánticos que presenta y por su aplicación a bases morfológicas que no admiten tales elementos en otras variedades del español. El presente trabajo se propone ofrecer una descripción del uso que hace del diminutivo un hablante del occidente de Bolivia durante la primera mitad del siglo XIX, con el propósito de determinar si la situación existente actualmente se daba ya en esta época o es un fenómeno más moderno en la variedad lingüística mencionada.
YÁNEZ LEAL, Adelso (2014). "Relaciones de poder en la literatura latinoamericana: muerte, sexualidad, racismo y violencia. Siglos XX-XXI". Buenos Aires: Biblos, 267 pp. ISBN 978-98-7691-211-2.
Authors: Sarabia Acosta Diana L.
Published: January 2017

YÁNEZ LEAL, Adelso (2014). "Relaciones de poder en la literatura latinoamericana: muerte, sexualidad, racismo y violencia. Siglos XX-XXI". Buenos Aires: Biblos, 267 pp. ISBN 978-98-7691-211-2.
La perífrasis "estar + gerundio" no es siempre aspectual
Authors: Moreno Burgos Juan
Published: January 2017

En la bibliografía se considera que  constituye un mecanismo aspectual que da cuenta del desarrollo de un evento. Partiendo de esta descripción parece lógico que dicha estructura no se combine con estados, ya que estos carecen de propiedades dinámicas. No obstante, encontramos ejemplos como Juan está siendo amable que muestran lo contrario. Para justificar este fenómeno, se habla de “dinamización”. Este análisis, aun siendo adecuado, resulta parcial: oraciones como Juan fue amable permiten igualmente una interpretación eventiva sin que intervenga la citada perífrasis. Ello nos llevará a determinar que esta problemática no se resuelve desde la teoría del aspecto gramatical, sino que es necesario defender la existencia de una estructura homónima de tipo modal. Paralelamente, describiremos la semántica de  de una manera casi idéntica a la de la perífrasis con estar en su valor aspectual.
De la polémica al equilibrio. Notas sobre la dicción del verso y la adaptación del texto en la puesta en escena actual del teatro clásico español
Authors: Mascarell Purificació
Published: January 2017

Estas notas plantean un balance y un estado de la cuestión en torno a las dos problemáticas que más han marcado la recepción crítica de la puesta en escena de los dramaturgos clásicos españoles a lo largo del siglo XX: la dicción del verso y la adaptación de los textos áureos.
HAGEDORN, Hans Christian (coord.) (2016). "Don Quijote en los cinco continentes. Acerca de la recepción internacional de la novela cervantina". Cuenca: Ediciones de la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 612 pp. ISBN 978-84- 9044-188-6 (edición impresa). ISBN 978-84-9044-189-3 (edición digital).
Authors: Viñuela Soto Leticia
Published: January 2017

HAGEDORN, Hans Christian (coord.) (2016). "Don Quijote en los cinco continentes. Acerca de la recepción internacional de la novela cervantina". Cuenca: Ediciones de la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 612 pp. ISBN 978-84- 9044-188-6 (edición impresa). ISBN 978-84-9044-189-3 (edición digital).