bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Editorial
Authors: Chirinos Maldonado Daniel Marcos
Published: January 2025

La Revista Científica y Tecnológica QANTU YACHAY "Saber de la Cantuta" (QUECHUA) es una revista multidisciplinaria de la Universidad Nacional de Educación Enrique Guzmán y Valle (UNE), que tiene como objetivo divulgar resultados de investigaciones científicas realizadas en los diversos campos de la ciencia. La Revista Científica y Tecnológica QANTU YACHAY es de acceso abierto (oa.works), sus contenidos son de libre disponibilidad a cualquier usuario, sin ninguna barrera financiera, técnica o de cualquier tipo; la única condición sobre la distribución y reproducción es dar a conocer al autor de la investigación, citándolo adecuadamente.
Derecho Medioambiental del poblador en el distrito de Huanta, provincia de Huanta, región Ayacucho 2024
Authors: Rivera Valencia Hugo , Manrique-Nugent Manuel Alberto Luis
Published: January 2025

El trabajo que presentamos a continuación, es un trabajo de investigación que tiene el objetivo de aportar al conocimiento de la normatividad establecida en nuestro país y cómo ello influye en las decisiones a nivel local dentro de nuestra ciudad. Es una investigación que aborda algunos aspectos importantes que será de mucha ayuda para poder trazar circuitos turísticos ecológicos en nuestro distrito y/o provincia, modelos de desarrollo que traerá beneficio a la población. Por ello partimos de la reflexión de la relación hombre y naturaleza, así como de las consideraciones en teoría jurídica, buscamos anunciar y contribuir al descubrimiento del derecho ambiental, formar convicciones personales y colectivas sobre su importancia. La investigación es de tipo cualitativo y descriptivo. se ha considerado la información necesaria con relación al tema del presente trabajo tomando en cuenta nuestro contexto, una realidad que muestra la situación difícil que atraviesa nuestro medio ambiente.
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING AND OPERATING PERFORMANCE OF LISTED OIL COMPANIES: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY IN AN EMERGING ECONOMY
Authors:   Department of Management & Accounting, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, OLAYIWOLA John A. , ADEBISI Adedayo M. ,   Department of Management & Accounting, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Published: January 2025

This research examines the correlation between the implementation of EMA and the operating performance of Nigerian oil companies on the stock exchange for the year 2014-2023. The study assesses the level of implementation of the EMA practices in these companies and analyses the changes in its financial and non-financial performance measures. This study employed longitudinal and ex-post facto research designs, secondary data were collected from the annual reports and financial statements of the listed oil companies in Nigeria. Data collected were analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics, which include panel data regression analysis to measure the significance and direction of the relationship among these variables. We employed both fixed and random effects models to determine the relationship between EMA, LEV, SIZE, and performance indicators. The results show that, although awareness exists on the role of environmental management accounting for the Nigerian oil industry, there is still limited application and implementation in corporate strategies. Further, the results show that EMA does not exert immediate significant impact of financial performance of Nigerian firms, especially in sectors like oil where traditional operations are deeply embedded. The concluded that while EMA practices are essential for long-term sustainability, their immediate financial benefits may be limited, especially in the context of the Nigerian oil industry. As the Nigerian oil sector continues to evolve, future studies could explore the longer-term effects of EMA adoption and the changing role of market forces in driving sustainability efforts.
Karakteristik Mi Kering Glukomanan dengan Variasi Konsentrasi Glukomanan dan Jumlah Penambahan Air Kapur Sirih
Authors: Sari Dewi Permata , Ngatirah Ngatirah , Widyasaputra Reza
Published: January 2025

Glukomanan adalah salah satu senyawa utama umbi porang yang bersifat hidrokoloid kuat, rendah kalori dan merupakan serat pangan larut air. Salah satu pemanfaatan glukomanan adalah diolah menjadi mi kering. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi glukomanan dan jumlah air kapur sirih terhadap sifat-sifat mi glukomanan kering dan menentukan mi kering glukomanan yang disukai panelis. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Blok Lengkap (RBL) faktorial yaitu konsentrasi glukomanan (6%, 9%, 12% b/v) dan jumlah air kapur sirih (5%, 10%, 15% v/v). Analisis hasil penelitian meliputi pengujian sifat fisik (warna dengan chromameter, elastisitas, daya rehidrasi, tekstur), pengujian sifat kimia (kadar air, abu, protein), dan kesukaan organoleptik (rasa, tekstur, aroma dan warna). Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa konsentasi glukomanan makin tinggi berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan total perbedaan warna, meningkatkan kekompokan (cohesiveness) mi, serta meningkatkan skor kesukaan warna dan rasa, namun tidak berpengaruh terhadap tingkat kecerahan, elastisitas, daya rehidrasi, tekstur (hardness, fracture, dan chewiness), kadar air, kadar abu, kadar protein, aroma, dan tekstur. Makin tinggi jumlah air kapur cenderung meningkatkan daya rehidrasi mi serta meningkatkan skor kesukaan organoleptik (warna, rasa, dan aroma), namun tidak berpengaruh terhadap kecerahan, total perbedaan warna, elastisitas, tekstur (hardness, fracture, chewiness, dan cohesiveness), kadar air, abu, protein, dan kesukaan tekstur. Produk mi kering glukomanan terbaik diperoleh dengan penggunaan glukomanan 12% dan jumlah penambahan air kapur 15 mL.
Aplikasi Bakteri Endofit Asal Kelubut (Passiflora foetida L.) Penghasil Hormon IAA untuk Meningkatkan Perkecambahan Benih Padi
Authors: Hidayat Nur , Alkas Taufik Rinda , Mudi La , Faradilla Faradilla , Mentari F. Silvi Dwi , Daryono Daryono , Tonidi Tonidi
Published: January 2025

Padi merupakan tanaman pangan utama yang permintannya semakin meningkat setiap tahunnya. Guna mengoptimalkan produksi tanaman padi dapat dilakukan dengan penggunaan mikroba endofit yang berasal dari kelubut (Passiflora foetida L.) berpotensi dalam meningkatkan kesuburan tanah juga sebagai penghasil fitohormon yang dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman padi. Oleh karena itu, aplikasi bakteri endofit diharapkan dapat memacu perkembangan tanaman dan peningkatan produktivitas tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji bakteri endofit asal kelubut dalam meningkatkan perkecambahan benih padi. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Agronomi Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Samarinda pada bulan Juni 2023. Isolat bakteri endofit yang digunakan adalah hasil isolasi sebelumnya dari tanaman kelubut. Penelitian diuji menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap, terdiri dari 22 perlakuan yaitu 21 isolat bakteri endofit dan 1 kontrol. Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 2 kali sehingga diperoleh 44 unit percobaan. Variabel Pengamatan meliputi: daya berkecambah, potensi tumbuh maksimal, indeks vigor, keserampakan tumbuh, dan kecepatan tumbuh relatif. Hasil pengamatan dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan uji DMRTα=0,05. Aplikasi bakteri endofit asal kelubut mampu meningkatkan perkecambahan benih. Bakteri endofit isolat SIA-01 memberikan hasil tertinggi terhadap daya berkecambah benih (81,67%) dibandingkan dengan kontrol (43,33%), indeks vigor tertinggi isolat SIA-04 (63,33%) dan kontrol (26,67%). Pada pengamatan potensi tumbuh maksimum dan kecepatan tumbuh relatif memberikan hasil yang tidak signifikan. Sementara aplikasi bakteri endofit terhadap keserampakkan tumbuh tertinggi diperoleh pada isolat SIA-04 dan KPA-02 sebesar 71,67% dibandingkan dengan kontrol hanya mencapai 36,67%.
Potensi Eco Enzyme Untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kangkung (Ipomoea reptans Poir)
Authors: Iswari Zulfa , Astuti Rina
Published: January 2025

Permintaan sayur-sayuran sangat tinggi karena pertumbuhan penduduk Indonesia yang relatif pesat dan meningkatnya pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai manfaat menerapkan kebiasaan makan yang baik untuk meningkatkan kandungan gizi makanan. Kangkung (Ipomoea reptans Poir.) merupakan salah satu jenis sayuran yang banyak diminati masyarakat Indonesia. Tumbuhan ini memerlukan makanan berupa air dan unsur hara untuk menunjang pertumbuhan dan produktivitasnya. Eco enzyme merupakan salah satu pupuk organik dengan kandungan nutrisi yang diperlukan oleh tanaman cukup banyak, sehingga dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman. Eco enzyme merupakan hasil fermentasi sampah dapur organik dari kulit buah, sayuran, gula pasir (gula merah, gula coklat, atau gula tebu), dan air. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui seberapa baik perkembangan tanaman kangkung dipengaruhi oleh pengolahan eco enzyme dari limbah rumah tangga. Rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan satu faktor yaitu frekuensi pemberian eco enzyme pada benih tanaman kangkung menggunakan tiga ulangan pada masing-masing perlakuan digunakan untuk menyusun penelitian ini. Perlakuan yang digunakan berupa (E0): kontrol, (E1): aplikasi 1 minggu sekali dan (E2): aplikasi 2 minggu sekali. Untuk perlakuan (E0) tidak diberi eco enzyme namun disiram menggunakan air kran, sedangkan perlakuan (E1 dan E2) disiram menggunakan eco enzyme masing-masing sebanyak 50 mL/ pot. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produksi eco enzyme dari limbah rumah tangga dapat diterapkan sebagai penunjang pertumbuhan dan produktivitas pada tanaman kangkung pengganti pupuk kandang. Dari pengaplikasian pada tanaman kangkung, setiap perlakuan tidak menunjukkan perbedaan hasil yang nyata.
Analisis Kelayakan Finansial Industri Yogurt Skala UMKM
Authors: Rahmadini Annisa’ Suci , Asben Alfi , Dewi Kurnia Harlina , Ernita Yuni
Published: January 2025

Pengembangan industri yogurt mempunyai keterkaitan kuat antara beberapa aspek diantaranya adalah aspek kelayakan finansial. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka pengembangan industri yogurt perlu kajian struktur biaya dan kelayakan secara finansial. Tujuan penelitian adalah menentukan struktur biaya dan analisis kelayakan finansial industri yogurt dengan kriteria Net-Benefit Cost Ratio (Net-B/C-ratio), Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), dan Payback Periods (PBP). Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan survey, data yang dikumpulkan adalah data primeradan data sekunder. Hasil kajian struktur biaya untuk pengembangan industri yogurt skala UMKM membutuhkan biaya investasi seluruhnya sebesar Rp. 1.634.270.000,-, biaya investasi tetap adalah Rp. 1.485.700.000,-,. Biaya produksi (total biaya tetap dan biaya variabel) yang dibutuhkan untuk 36.000 liter/tahun yogurt adalah sebesar Rp. 1.134.867.000,-/tahun, dengan penerimaan sebesar Rp.1.440.000.000,-/tahun, sedangkan pendapatan bersih setelah dikurangi pajak pendapatan adalah sebesar Rp. 238.003.740,-/tahun. Hasil analisa kriteria kelayakan investasi Net-B/C-ratio adalah sebesar 2,007, NPV sebesar Rp. 1.790.640.881 , IRR sebesar 19,8% , dan PBP selama 6 tahun 3 bulan.
Pengaruh Pemberian Dosis dan Interval Waktu Pestisida Nabati Daun Jeruk Nipis (Citrus aurantifolia L) Terhadap Mortalitas Hama Kutu Beras (Sitophilus oryzae L.)
Authors: Habiba Nada Danissa , Saylendra Andree , Muztahidin Nur Iman , Rumbiak Julio E.R.
Published: January 2025

Efektivitas pestisida nabati daun jeruk nipis dapat diketahui dari mortalitas S. oryzae. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana dosis dan interval waktu pestisida nabati daun jeruk nipis memengaruhi mortalitas S. oryzae. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di dua tempat, yaitu di Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, Laboratorium Ilmu Dasar dan Perlindungan Tanaman, dan Jalan Raya Jakarta No.4 4/3, Kelurahan Panancangan, Kecamatan Cipocok Jaya, Kota Serang, Provinsi Banten. Penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode eksperimen ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April 2024 hingga Mei 2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dua faktor, faktor pertama adalah dosis pestisida nabati daun jeruk nipis yang memiliki 4 taraf percobaan: P0 = 0 (Kontrol), P1 = 7 gr, P2 = 15 gr, P3 = 21 gr. Faktor kedua adalah interval waktu pengamatan yang memiliki 3 taraf percobaan: W1 = 3 HSA, W2 = 7 HSA, W3 = 14 HSA. Kombinasi perlakuan yang dihasilkan sebanyak 12 kombinasi, setiap kombinasi diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga mendapatkan 36 unit percobaan. Pada setiap unit percobaan digunakan 10 ekor S. oryzae dan pestisida nabati daun jeruk nipis dengan dosis yang telah ditentukan. Parameter pengamatan pada penelitian ini meliputi mortalitas S. oryzae (%), kerusakan tanaman padi (%), dan susut bobot (%).  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dosis pestisida nabati daun jeruk nipis dan interval waktu pengamatan efektif dalam mengendalikan S. oryzae. Dosis pestisida 7 g dan interval waktu pengamatan 14 HSA merupakan kombinasi perlakuan yang paling efektif terhadap mortalitas S. oryzae, dengan mortalitas S. oryzae sebesar 100%, kerusakan beras 0%, dan susut bobot 0%.
Analisis Keberlanjutan Rencana Pengembangan Lahan Sawah Baru: Strategi Peningkatan Produksi Pangan di Kabupaten Lampung Tengah
Authors: Ardianto Asep , Zakaria Wan Abbas , Murniati Ktut , Abidin Zainal , Asmara Sandi
Published: January 2025

Penduduk Indonesia diproyeksikan akan mencapai 328 juta jiwa pada tahun 2045, peningkatan jumlah penduduk ini akan menyebabkan kebutuhan pangan beras terus meningkat. Salah satu upaya pemerintah Indonesia untuk meningkatkan jumlah produksi beras dengan cara pengembangan lahan sawah baru / ekstensifikasi. Salah satu rencana proyek ekstensifikasi adalah Rumbia Extension Project di Kabupaten Lampung Tengah. Namun, proyek ekstensifikasi lahan pertanian oleh pemerintah telah mendapatkan banyak hambatan mulai dari ketersediaan air, konflik lahan, produktivitas hasil pertanian hingga pemasaran. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menilai indeks dan status keberlanjutan dari delapan aspek keberlanjutan pada rencana pengembangan sawah baru di Kabupaten Lampung Tengah. Analisis yang telah digunakan adalah metode Multiaspect Sustainability Analysis (MSA). Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah status keberlanjutan rencana pengembangan sawah baru masuk dalam kategori cukup berkelanjutan dengan nilai indeks 52,05. Nilai indeks keberlanjutan masing – masing aspek yaitu: aspek budaya (27,14), aspek kelembagaan (39,43), aspek pemasaran (42,50), aspek infrastruktur & teknologi (46,62), aspek sosial (52,88), aspek hukum & kebijakan pemerintah (65,28), aspek ekologi (69,70) dan aspek ekonomi (72,86).
Rancang Bangun Inkubator Tempe Untuk Mempercepat Waktu Fermentasi
Authors: Aji Galih Mustiko , Pratiwi Artdhita Fajar , Utami Sari Widya
Published: January 2025

Proses fermentasi tempe sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor suhu dan kelembaban ruangan. Fermentasi secara tradisional sangat bergantung pada cuaca yang dapat memengaruhi lamanya waktu fermentasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuat rancang bangun inkubator tempe dengan suhu dan kelembaban terkendali untuk mempercepat proses fermentasi. Inkubator tempe yang dibuat menggunakan metode kendali histerisis untuk pengendalian suhu dan kelembaban.  Kendali histerisis yang dilakukan mengatur pita atas dan pita bawah suhu antara 34 hingga 35°C dan kelembaban antara 69 hingga 70%RH. Suhu dan kelembaban dalam ruang inkubator dibaca melalui sensor DHT11 yang terhubung ke Arduino Mega 2560.  Arduino Mega 2560 bertugas untuk mengatur penyalaan lampu pijar yang memberikan energi panas dan mist maker yang meningkatkan kelembaban ruang inkubator. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa inkubator tempe yang dibuat dapat menyesuaikan dengan kondisi yang diharapkan dengan selisih pita atas dan pita bawah pada suhu adalah sebesar 1,3 oC dan selisih pita atas dan pita bawah kelembaban sebesar 8,1%RH. Dengan menggunakan inkubator tempe ini, dapat menghasilkan tempe lebih cepat daripada fermentasi tradisional yaitu hanya dalam waktu 29 jam. Dibandingkan dengan fermentasi tradisional yang membutuhkan waktu 48 jam, maka dengan inkubator tempe ini dapat mempercepat proses fermentasi sebesar 39,5%.
Kontribusi Lignin dan Asam Humat serta Dampaknya Terhadap Stabilitas Agregat Tanah di Desa Jatiarjo Kecamatan Prigen Kabupaten Pasuruan
Authors: Perdana Stevand Putra , Sasongko Purnomo Edi , Purwadi Purwadi
Published: January 2025

Jenis, lokasi, dan umur tanaman mempengaruhi jumlah lignin yang merupakan sumber asam humat atau senyawa humat dan turunannya yang mengalami degradasi lambat. Asam humat merupakan senyawa organik yang terbentuk ketika bahan organik terurai. Senyawa ini sering ditemukan di tanah yang subur ketika sisa-sisa bahan organik yang mati dan serangga kecil menguraikan tanaman menjadi ukuran yang lebih sederhana. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan lignin terhadap pembentukan asam humat serta dampak yang dihasilkan dari kontribusi lignin dan asam humat terhadap stabilitas agregat tanah. Penelitian dilakukan di empat satuan penggunaan lahan (SPL) yaitu  di Desa Jatiarjo, Kecamatan Prigen, Kabupaten Pasuruan. Jumlah asam humat dan lignin tertinggi terdapat pada penggunaan lahan perkebunan. Hal ini disebabkan oleh proses dekomposisi yang optimal dengan nilai Karbon Organik (C-Organik) tertinggi. Selain itu, pengelolaan lahan perkebunan melibatkan komoditas tanaman berkayu yang cenderung menghasilkan lebih banyak lignin. Lignin berperan dalam pembentukan asam humat, terbukti dari variasi kadar asam humat yang dipengaruhi oleh lignin. Kandungan asam humat dan lignin tertinggi ditemukan pada lahan perkebunan, yang ditandai dengan proses dekomposisi optimal dan nilai C-Organik yang tinggi. Kehadiran lignin yang berinteraksi dengan asam humat berperan dalam meningkatkan kekuatan dan ketahanan agregat tanah terhadap erosi.
Tata Kelola Kolaboratif Benih Padi Lokal: Faktor-Faktor yang memengaruhinya di Sumatera Barat
Authors: Masruri Masruri , Hadiguna Rika Ampuh , Suliansyah Irfan , Henmaidi Henmaidi
Published: January 2025

Tata kelola kolaboratif, yang semakin relevan saat ini, memungkinkan pemerintah dan berbagai pemangku kepentingan untuk mengejar tujuan bersama dan menciptakan solusi yang inklusif serta berkelanjutan. Dalam konteks tata kelola benih padi, kolaborasi ini mencakup koordinasi produksi dan distribusi benih berkualitas, yang mendukung kemandirian pangan dan keberlanjutan pertanian di daerah seperti Sumatera Barat, Indonesia. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kolaborasi pemangku kepentingan dalam tata kelola benih padi lokal di Sumatera Barat, dengan fokus pada aktor seperti petani, pemerintah, peneliti, dan LSM. Penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan wawasan bagi para pemangku kepentingan dan pembuat kebijakan untuk mendorong praktik tata kelola benih yang berkelanjutan menggunakan pendekatan mix-method eksploratori sekuensial, yang menggabungkan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif untuk menganalisis faktor faktor yang memengaruhi kolaborasi dalam tata kelola benih padi di Sumatera Barat. Hasil utama menunjukkan empat faktor yang memerlukan prioritas segera: stok benih, pemasaran benih, sumber daya, dan peningkatan kapasitas. Penanganan faktor-faktor prioritas ini berpotensi meningkatkan kolaborasi, memperbaiki kualitas benih, serta memperkuat ketahanan pertanian lokal. Temuan kami menekankan faktor yang penting dalam tata kelola kolaboratif yang efektif dalam menjaga sistem benih lokal dan keberlanjutan produktivitas pertanian.
The Effect of the Ratio of Mocaf and Soybean Flour with Addition of Glucomannan on Physical, Chemical and Sensory Properties of Gluten-Free Wet Noodles
Authors: Violalita Fidela , Yanti Henny Fitri , Evawati Evawati , Roza Irwan , Ermiati Ermiati , Fahmy Khandra , Yuswilara Yuswilara , Saputra Afdal
Published: January 2025

The primary ingredient used to make noodles is typically wheat flour. However, not everyone can consume wheat flour. Gluten-free noodles are suitable for individuals who avoid gluten, particularly those with celiac disease and autism. Some ingredients used to make gluten-free noodles include mocaf, soybeans, and glucomannan. This study aims to determine the characteristics and optimal formulation of gluten-free wet noodles made from mocaf, soybean, and glucomannan flour. This research method uses a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) factorial with two factors and three replications. The first factor is the ratio of mocaf flour to soybean flour, consisting of 3 levels: 80:20 (A1), 75:25 (A2), and 70:30 (A3). Another factor is the addition of glucomannan flour, consisting of 3 levels: 2% (B1), 5% (B2), and 8% (B3). The analysis performed on these wet noodles includes physical, chemical, and sensory evaluations. The comes about of the study appeared that noodles with the ratio of mocaf flour to soybean flour 75:25 and the addition of 2% glucomannan flour (A2B1) is the best treatment based on the highest elasticity with elasticity 73.3%, water absorption, 89.3%, swelling index 271%, cooking loss 8.78%, water content 36.8%, protein 6.44%, ash 1.89%, fat 0.74%, carbohydrate 50.4%, sensory test results appearance 3.76 (somewhat like), color 3.72 (somewhat like), aroma 3.2 (neutral), texture 3.36 (neutral), and taste 3.36.
Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) terhadap Pemberian Pupuk NPK dan Pupuk Organik Cair Buah Maja (Aegle marmelos L.)
Authors: Kamilah Noufah , Nurmayulis Nurmayulis , Yenny Ratna Fitry , Sodiq Abdul Hasyim
Published: January 2025

Penggunaan lahan secara intensif dapat menurunkan kesuburan pada tanah sehingga produksi kedelai di Banten menurun. Pemberian pupuk NPK dan pupuk organik cair (POC) buah maja dapat meningkatkan produktivitas hasil tanaman kedelai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh respons pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merril) terhadap pemberian NPK dan pupuk cair organik buah maja. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dua faktor. Terdiri atas pupuk NPK (0 g (kontrol), 0,9 g/polybag, 1,8 g/polybag, dan 2,7 g/polybag) dan POC buah maja (10 ml/l, 20 ml/l, 30 ml/l, dan 40 ml/l). Apabila hasil analisis menunjukkan pengaruh nyata atau sangat nyata dilakukan uji lanjut Duncan multiple range test (DMRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pupuk NPK memiliki pengaruh nyata pada parameter tinggi tanaman dan umur berbunga. Hasil analisis sidik ragam POC buah maja menunjukkan pengaruh nyata dan sangat nyata pada diameter batang umur 4 dan 5 MST.  Terdapat interaksi beda nyata antar pupuk NPK dan POC pada parameter diameter batang hanya umur 2 MST. Aplikasi pupuk NPK dan POC buah maja memberikan pengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kedelai.
The Efektivitas Pemberian Kompos KoheA+MF dan Pupuk Anorganik terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Benih Jagung Hibrida JH-37
Authors: Sondang Yun , Wulantika Trisia , Hardaningsih Wiwik , Fitri Febria , Wahono Sentot , Ariliusra Azzukhruf , Harnas Hafid
Published: January 2025

Jagung adalah sumber karbohidrat penting setelah beras yang dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber pangan, pakan hewan, dan bahan baku industri. Permintaan jagung Indonesia sangat tinggi saat ini, bertambahnya penggunaan bioetanol jagung sebagai bahan bakar alternatif. Upaya peningkatan produksi jagung hibrida dengan penggunaan benih unggul belum optimal, sehingga peneliti berasumsi menerapkan penggunaan pupuk organik KoheA+MF yang dipadukan dengan pupuk anorganik. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui efektivitas pemberian pupuk organik KoheA+MF dan pupuk anorganik terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi benih jagung JH-37. Penelitian dilakukan di kebun percobaan PT. Agro Zuriat Mandiri, Kabupaten Tanah Datar, Sumatera Barat, Indonesia selama 5 bulan dari bulan Juni–Oktober 2024 dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) satu faktor dengan 5 ulangan. Perlakuan jenis pupuk yaitu rekomendasi (R) pupuk anorganik (kontrol), KoheA+MF+3/4 R pupuk anorganik, KoheA+MF+1/2 R pupuk anorganik, KoheA+MF+1/4 R pupuk anorganik, dan KoheA+MF+0 R pupuk anorganik. Penelitian diawali dengan pembuatan kompos KoheA+MF yang diinokulasi dengan bioaktivator MOL bonggol pisang selama 2 minggu. Kompos KoheA+MF 10 ton/ha diberikan 3 hari sebelum tanam, sedangkan pupuk anorganik Urea 300 kg/ha dan NPKS 300 kg diberikan setelah tanam. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap kandungan hara tanah sebelum dan sesudah diberi KoheA+MF dan pupuk anorganik, pertumbuhan vegetatif tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, panjang dan lebar daun, komponen hasil panjang tongkol, diameter tongkol, jumlah baris/tongkol, jumlah biji/baris, bobot 100 biji, hasil pipilan per tanaman, dan produksi pipilan per hektar. Pupuk organik yang dipadukan dengan pupuk anorganik berdampak signifikan terhadap seluruh variabel pengamatan. Perlakuan kombinasi terbaik untuk produksi jagung pipil adalah KoheA+MF+3/4 rekomendasi pupuk anorganik.
Digital Twin in Modelling Citronella Grass Essential Oil Distillation Process with Computational Fluid Dynamics Approach
Authors: Riwanti Arifia Noor , Hermana Budi
Published: January 2025

This study aims to investigate distillation process of Citronella Grass (Cymbopogon nardus) essential oil and determine the effect of heating temperature on oil quality, which significantly influences the market value. The study procedures were carried out by developing a virtual model of distillation apparatus using Digital Twin (DT) approach, integrating Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to stimulate fluid behavior as it transitioned from vapor to liquid during distillation. The core of DT is in the virtual model development and three-dimensional (3D) geometric representations of system. The methodology comprised creating 3D geometric model of distillation setup, followed by mesh generation as well as setting of boundary conditions and computational parameters. In addition, numerical iterations were used to refine the process, leading to the analysis of CFD visualizations. The convergent result showed that the developed model was accurate at 300 iterations. Observations confirmed the occurrence of vapor to liquid phase change in the spiral pipe, with vapor density below 1 kg/m3 and liquid density between 800-1000 kg/ m3. Temperature monitoring showed a reduction from 120◦C in distillation tank to 24-26◦C post-condenser, which was similar to the observed range of 25-30◦C. Further temperature exchange in the reservoir was stimulated and observed in 36-38◦C. The result also showed that DT model created using CFD was capable of reflecting the real conditions observed.
Phytochemical Screening of Mahogany (Swietenia mahogany) Secondary Extract Potential as COVID-19 Medication
Authors: Candra Ifan Aulia , Hasibuan Syahbudin , Khoir Fastabiqul
Published: January 2025

Mahogany secondary metabolite is proven effective as lung disease medication, including COVID-19 through docking analysis. Therefore, this study aimed to identify total secondary metabolite from leaves, stem barks, and seeds of mahogany (Swietenia mahogany). The study was carried out using an experimental and descriptive method by observing the visual changes in the sample including color and foam formation, total levels of flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins using Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). Phytochemical analysis was analyzed to identify secondary metabolites namely flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, triterpenoid saponins, and steroids. The results of the GC-MS analysis showed that mahogany seeds extract had the highest retention time, with a total of 46,484, containing alpha -D Glucopyranoside, 3-Penten-2-one, and gamma-Tocopherol. These compounds belonged to derivatives of flavonoids and saponins, serving as potential COVID-19 medication. The other were terpenoid, steroid, and fatty acid group compounds (alpha humulene, neophyte diene, n-hexadecanoic acid, 9- Octadecenoic acid, Octadecanoic acid, Squalene, and Stigmasterol). In conclusion, these identified compounds have the potential for COVID-19 medication due to their anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antimicrobial immunosuppressant, anticancer, and anti-asthma properties.
Effect of Flash Drying on the Physicochemical Characteristics of Tapioca Starch
Authors: Nasution Januar , Widodo Felix , Lo Diana , Phothisoot Thitipong , Kongpichitchoke Teeradate
Published: January 2025

Tapioca starch is widely used as a relatively cheap binder, thickener, and emulsion stabilizer. The product is often produced in Indonesia through several drying methods capable of influencing the functional properties and commercial price. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effect of flash and sun drying on the physicochemical properties of tapioca starch. The focus was on the viscosity, change time from starch to dough, solubility level, gelatinization time, final gelatin height, color, white level, moisture content, degree of acid, crude fiber, and starch percentage. The results showed that flash drying significantly reduced the viscosity, a* value, white level, moisture content, and degree of acid. Meanwhile, the change time from starch to dough and L* value was significantly higher. It was concluded that flash drying had several advantages and disadvantages over sun-drying but could be used as an alternative time-efficient and more hygienic method.
Enhancing Vigor and Viability of Deteriorated True Shallot Seed by Matriconditioning Using Biofertilizer and Washed Rice Water
Authors: Saputra Muhamad Wahyu , Sari Vega Kartika , Slameto Slameto , Setiawati Tri Candra , Wafa Ali , Firmansyah Toni , Sundahri Sundahri
Published: January 2025

True Shallot Seed (TSS) is a healthy, cost-effective, and high-yielding alternative to shallot bulbs. However, TSS has a short shelf life due to deterioration during storage. Viability and vigor of deteriorated seed can be enhanced using Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). Washed rice water contains macro and micronutrients that also support metabolic processes and improve the accumulation of seed nutrients during germination. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role of matriconditioning with a mixture of PGPR and rice washing water in enhancing shallot seed vigor and viability. Shallot seed used in the study decreased physiological quality with 9.09% moisture and 52.25% germination. Matriconditioning had 5 treatments, namely Control (M0), Matriconditioning without PGPR (M1), Matriconditioning plus PGPR RhizomaX (M2), Matriconditioning plus PGPR BenprimA (M3), and Matriconditioning plus PGPR FloraOne (M4). Washed rice water had 3 levels, namely Control (A0), 50% concentration (A1), and 100% concentration (A2). Other variables examined in this study included germination rate, maximum growth potential, relative growth rate, uniformity, and vigor index. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and Duncan test was applied for significant results at the 5% level. The results showed that matriconditioning using a mixture of rice husk charcoal and PGPR RhizomaX (M2) produced enhanced vigor and viability of deteriorated shallot seed. The application of leachate water for 5 days during germination, specifically at a concentration of 100% (A2), significantly improved vigor and viability. Finally, the interaction between treatment M2A2 had the best vigor and viability among all other treatments.
Biogas Production from Various Vegetable Waste Using the Mesophilic Batch Process
Authors: Chusna Firda Mahira Alfiata , Auliyasari Annita , Nakita Feren , Hanum Farrah Fadhilah , Amelia Nadiatika
Published: January 2025

Vegetable waste is a significant component of both household and food industry waste. If not properly managed, the accumulation of this waste can harm the environment, primarily due to the unpleasant odor it generates. One effective way to utilize vegetable waste is through anaerobic digestion process. This method not only enhances the quality of waste but also has the added benefit of producing biogas, a form of renewable energy. Therefore, this research aimed to examine the potential of vegetable waste in producing biogas. Anaerobic digestion process was performed on three different types of vegetables, namely cabbage, kale, and long beans, with co-digestion as cow dung. This process was performed in mesophilic batch anaerobic reactor with a fermentation time of 30 days. The highest biogas yield for 30 days was obtained from long bean waste, 1853.76 ml biogas/g COD. Observations were made on waste at the beginning and end of the process to determine the value of removing chemical oxygen demand (COD). Reducing COD value was necessary to examine whether the quality of waste has improved and ready to be used in the environment. The results showed that long beans have the lowest COD removal efficiency value, 31.54%. Due to the high lignin content in these vegetables, there is a need for further research regarding the pretreatment of vegetable waste before anaerobic decomposition process begins. Meanwhile, the highest COD removal efficiency was achieved by kale vegetable waste at 45.35%.
The Concept Design of Rice Quality Detection System Using Model-Based System Engineering Approach
Authors: Cahyana Purwa Tri , Sunarti Titi Candra , Noor Erliza , Hardjomidjojo Hartrisari , Laily Noer
Published: January 2025

Quality of rice is determined by several factors such as water content, broken grains, and whiteness. The approach often used for the measurement is manual, time-consuming, and prone to error. Therefore, this research proposes a faster and more accurate rice quality detection system using Model-Based System Engineering (MBSE) approach. System was based on the needs analysis presented through an activity diagram showing the components and activities flow. Logical architecture diagrams were also used to structurally describe system logic to be further abstracted to the physical architecture stage. Moreover, machine learning techniques were used to simulate rice quality data analysis using the decision tree classification with the Iterative Dichotomizer 3 (ID3) algorithm. The simulation was applied to 200 supervised random datasets divided into 80% training and 20% test data with a focus on three attributes, including water content, broken grains, and whiteness. System design was developed using Visual Paradigm Community Edition software and the data were analyzed through the application of R software. The ID3 algorithm simulation produced rice quality detection system with a 92.5% accuracy rate, where 53% of rice was classified as good and 47% as bad. The proposed conceptual design for rice quality detection can be a starting point for the development of an industrial-scale system design.
Development of Flat Burr Coffee Grinding Machine for Small and Medium Enterprises Scale
Authors: Warandi Rofandi Rori Aditiar , Furqon Maulana , Gandara Dadang , Yudhi Taufik , Rosadi Ade , Santoso Santoso , Setyawan Azis Budi , Noor Subardiya , Samsu Samsu , Rahayuningtyas Ari
Published: January 2025

This study was conducted to develop an improved coffee grinder tailored for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to address challenges due to limited resources. The development phase included a broad description, sizing, defining main components, developing technical drawings, manufacturing, and conducting functional tests. The machine had an overall dimension of 743 mm in length, 367 mm in width, and 580 mm in height. It was powered by a 1 HP induction motor with a rotation speed of 1400 rotations per minute (RPM) and a shaft diameter of 19 mm. The prototype achieved a grinding capacity of 23.8 kg/h for acceptable coffee grounds while maintaining a constant grind size, essential for achieving the best flavor and aroma. However, the noise level reached 86.5 dB, requiring hearing protection for prolonged usage. Future investigations should focus on exploring alternative materials and developing noise mitigation strategies, as noise reduction efforts can enhance operator physical and mental health in the coffee production process.
Dampak Perpajakan Akibat Perubahan Batubara Menjadi Barang Kena Pajak Berdasarkan Undang-Undang No. 11 Tahun 2020 bagi Pengusaha Batubara (Studi Kasus PT XYZ)
Authors: Al Haqi Muhammad Abyan , Yuniarwati Yuniarwati
Published: January 2025

The impact of changing the status of coal to Taxable Goods (BKP) based on Law No. 11 of 2020 and its implications for taxation for companies, with a case study of PT XYZ. The main problem faced is tax disputes due to differences in interpretation regarding the time of delivery of goods that affect the imposition of Value Added Tax (VAT). This study aims to evaluate the problem based on applicable accounting standards and tax regulations and provide recommendations to prevent similar disputes in the future. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques in the form of interviews, participatory observation, and analysis of related documents such as financial statements, tax invoices, and shipping documents. The results show that tax disputes arise due to discrepancies in revenue recognition and transaction recording between companies and tax authorities. PT XYZ should have recognized revenue at the time the Berita Acara Serah Terima (BAST) (also refer to Handover Report or Minutes of Handover) document was issued, which marked the transfer of rights and risks of the goods. In addition, the Input Tax credited before the company was confirmed as a Taxable Entrepreneur (PKP) was not in accordance with tax regulations. The implications of this study highlight the importance of adequate accounting documentation and revenue recognition as per accounting standards to ensure compliance with tax regulations.
Analysis of Factors Affecting Non-Performing Loan at PT Xyz Financing Company Before and During Covid-19 (2018-2022)
Authors: Sajudi Aditya , Siregar Hermanto , Bandono Bayu
Published: January 2025

Non-Performing Loan is a situation where the ratio of the volume of non-performing loans (arrears >30 days) to total loans. This study aims to analyse the factors that influence the amount of credit (total loans) and the factors that influence Non-Performing Loan at PT XYZ in the range of 2018-2022. This study aims to analyse the factors that influence the amount of credit (total loans) at PT XYZ measured using multiple linear regression methods, while the factors that influence Non-Performing Loan at PT XYZ are measured using Binary Logistic Regression. The data in this study uses secondary data from PT XYZ in 2018-2022. The results of this study indicate that the factors that affect the amount of credit are Vehicle Price, Effective Rate, Installment Value per month, amount of downpayment (DP), total financing, tenor, age, education, gender, marital status, occupation and unit type, while the factors that affect the chances of customers becoming NPF are inflation, customer area and covid-19 pandemic and the Sumatra area is an area that needs special attention because it has a 121.4% higher chance of becoming an NPL.
Theological Reflections on Psalm 22
Authors: Tanasyah Yusak
Published: January 2025

The phrase "My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?" is one of the most poignant and widely recognized lines in the Bible, and it carries profound significance within both Christian and Jewish traditions. This statement is found in Psalm 22, a psalm attributed to King David. Understanding its context within Psalm 22 sheds light on its meaning and significance. From a Christian perspective, the words of Psalm 22:1 take on added significance in light of their connection to the crucifixion of Jesus Christ. According to the Gospels of Matthew and Mark, Jesus quotes Psalm 22:1 while hanging on the cross, thereby identifying himself with the suffering described in the Psalm. This connection between Psalm 22 and the crucifixion underscores the idea that Jesus, in his humanity, experienced the depths of human suffering and anguish. For Christians, Jesus' cry of abandonment on the cross is not merely an expression of personal agony but also a reflection of his role as the sacrificial Lamb of God who takes upon himself the sins of humanity. In this sense, Jesus' cry echoes the suffering of all humanity and serves as a reminder of God's redemptive love and ultimate victory over sin and death. Psalm 22 captures the profound tension between despair and trust, lament and hope. It serves as a powerful expression of human suffering and a reminder of God's faithfulness, culminating in its connection to the crucifixion of Jesus Christ and the hope of redemption for all humanity.
Vankulu Mehmed Efendi’nin Hayatı, Tarîkatı ve Eserleri
Authors: İdiz Ferzende
Published: January 2025

Asıl ismi Muhammed b. Mustafa el-Gûranî er-Rûmî el-Hanefî el-Vânî olan Vankulu Mehmed Efendi, Osmanlı döneminin önemli âlimlerdendir. Van’da doğmuş olan Vankulu, iyi bir eğitim almış ve önemli eserler yazmıştır. Eserlerinde “Vânî” nisbesini kullandığı için “Vânî”, Vanlı olması hasebiyle de “Vankulu” lakaplarıyla tanınmıştır. Arapça’dan Osmanlıcaya çevirdiği ve Sıhah-ı Cevherî olarak bilinen lugat, matbaada ilk basılan eser olmuş ve Vankulu Lugatı ismiyle şöhret bulmuştur. Böyle olmakla birlikte kaynaklarda Vankulu hakkında çok az bilgiye yer verilmiştir. Kendisi hakkında az sayıda bilgiyi Nevîzâde Atâyî (ö. 1045/1635) vermiş daha sonra Vankulu’nu anlatanlar da bu bilgileri ya aynen ya da özetleyerek aktarmışlardır. Vankulu’nun tasavvufa yatkın ve muhabbet duyduğu anlaşılsa da bağlı olduğu tarîkat kesin olarak bilinmemektedir. Bir şiirinden hareketle Bayramiye tarîkatının İseviyye şubesine bağlı olduğu söylenebilir. Birçok eser yazmış olan Vankulu, başka Vanlı bir âlim olan Vânî Mehmed Efendi (ö. 1096/1685) ile karıştırılmış ve bazı kaynaklarda aynı şahısmış gibi aktarılmıştır. Benzer durum kütüphane kayıtlarında da yaşanmış ve Vankul’na ait bazı eserler Vânî Mehmed Efendi adına kaydedilmiş hatta tersi de olmuştur. Böylece Vankulu ve eserleri ile ilgili bilgiler adeta karışık ve anlaşılmaz bir hal almıştır. Bu makalede, söz konusu karışıklıklar kısmen de olsa giderilmeye, birbirine karıştırılmış olan eserleri tespit edilmeye, tarîkatı ve hayatı anlatılmak suretiyle araştırmacıların istifadesine sunulmaya çalışılacaktır.
Vankulu Mehmed Efendi Vakfiyesi ve Manisa’daki Vakfının Kurumsal Yapısı
Authors: Demirtaş Hasan
Published: January 2025

Vankulu Mehmed Efendi, 16. yüzyılda Osmanlı Devleti'nin önemli âlimlerinden biri olarak İslam hukuku, leksikografi ve edebiyat sahasında eserler vermiştir. Vankulu Mehmed Efendi, 1575-1580 yılları arasında müftülük görevini yerine getirmek üzere Manisa'da bulunduğu sırada çeşitli hayır işleri için bir vakıf kurmuştur. Manisa tarihi üzerine ve Vankulu Mehmed Efendi ile ilgili bazı çalışmalarda bu vakfa değinilmekle birlikte vakfın kurumsal yapısı ortaya konulmamıştır. Vankulu Mehmed Efendi'nin neşredilmemiş vakfiyesinin ele alındığı bu makalede, Arapçadan Türkçeye çevrilen vakfiye diplomatik unsurlar ve içerik açısından incelenmiştir. Vakfiyeden elde edilen bilgilerin Manisa Şer'iye Sicilleri'nden vakıfla ilgili tespit edilen belgelerle birlikte değerlendirildiği bu çalışma, vakfın kurumsal yapısını bütüncül bir yaklaşımla ele almayı amaçlamaktadır.
Functional outcomes of open laminectomy, minimally invasive, and endoscopic biportal decompression surgery in lumbar stenosis: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Aziz Mukhlis , Widhiyanto Lukas , Lestari Pudji
Published: January 2025

Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a common degenerative condition that often requires decompression surgery. Various techniques, including open laminectomy, minimally invasive unilateral laminotomy bilateral decompression (MIS-ULBD), and unilateral biportal endoscopic (UBE) surgery, are utilized. This study compares the functional outcomes and complications of these methods. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted, analyzing studies from PubMed, Springerlink, and other databases. The key variables studied included the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay duration, operative time, and postoperative complications. A total of 14 studies with 1,427 patients aged 52.35-74.52 years were included. MIS resulted in shorter operative times compared to UBE, but UBE had a lower complication rate. UBE also demonstrated superior outcomes in terms of VAS pain reduction, ODI scores, and shorter hospital stays compared to both MIS and open laminectomy. UBE and MIS each present post-operative advantages. UBE offers faster recovery and reduced pain, while MIS has the benefit of shorter surgery times. Despite the steep learning curve and more complex instrumentation required, UBE is a safe and effective alternative to traditional decompression techniques, offering better functional outcomes in LSS patients compared to MIS and open laminectomy.
Verbal connectives and their argumentative impact in the sayings of Ahl al-Bayt (Peace be upon them) in the Book Mizan al-Hikmah by Muhammad al-Ray Shahri
Authors: Al-Hamdani Raba’a Hussein Mahdi , Harith Mohammed Saleh Yaseen
Published: January 2025

In order for arguments to be effective and influential within the rhetorical text, and to achieve the desired result, they need verbal links that connect the arguments to each other, and through which the meaning and form are coherent, leading to the overall coherence and cohesion of the text. Argumentative links coordinate the text and link arguments to conclusions, which results in convincing the recipient, who is the goal of the argumentative process. The letter (Fa) performs an argumentative function by linking the argument to the conclusion. It indicates reasoning and inference, in addition to arranging the arguments. It is also one of the links that the speaker employs in his speech to link between successive events, or between two issues that are close in meaning to the events. The tool (but) is one of the argumentative links that indicates a correction, so it works to negate a statement and prove something else, and it is brought to remove what the recipient imagines or what comes to his mind of the illusions accompanying the first argument, which is the weaker argument than the argument that comes after the link (but). That The link (rather) is one of the links that the speaker uses to move from one argument to another stronger argument, without invalidating what came before. The various argumentative links deepened and multiplied the meaning, and transformed the argumentative discourse into a rich semantic focus, which contributed to making the argumentation achieve its persuasive goal, through optimal investment and skillful selection of the argumentative link that is consistent with the context of the speech.
Digitalization of volleyball match system material: Learning innovation at the faculty of sports science, university of Medan
Authors: Kasih Indra , Widiyaningsih Onyas , Faridah Eva , Simatupang Nurhayati , Sinulingga Albadi , Siregar Samsuddin
Published: January 2025

The use of digital technology has been proven to help implement sports practices more effective and efficient. However, no digital system in Indonesia has been developed specifically for volleyball matches. Therefore, this study aims to develop a digital volleyball match system. This research was conducted at the Faculty of Sport Science, State University of Medan, in the Physical Education, Health and Recreation Study Program. The research was conducted using the ADDIE development model, which includes the analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation stages. The data collection techniques used in this study were questionnaires and documentation. This study's development data collection instruments consisted of questionnaires for students, questionnaires for implementing media and material expert validation, and cameras for documentation. The data obtained from the questionnaire were analyzed quantitatively. Based on the data collected and analyzed, it was found that the digital volleyball match system developed was categorized as good from the material and media expert test. Furthermore, after being revised according to input from experts, from the implementation carried out at the small group trial stage, it was found that the digital media developed was categorized as good. After being revised again, based on the results of the large group trial, it was found that the developed digital media was categorized as very good. From these results, it can be concluded that the media is ready to be used in learning the volleyball administration system.