bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Competitiveness of Transport and Logistics System in the Period of Digital Transformation of the Economy
Authors:   International Research and Training Center for Information Technologies and Systems of the NAS and MES of Ukraine, Bazan Liudmyla I. , Kucha Driia ,   International Research and Training Center for Information Technologies and Systems of the NAS and MES of Ukraine
Published: September 2023

Introduction. The relevance of the competitiveness of transport and logistics system in the period of digital transformation of the economy is associated primarily with the widespread introduction of information technologies, which is caused by the progressive complication of logistics tasks and the intensification of transport processes. Purpose. To ensure integration of Ukraine into the global transport space and realization of its transit potential, it is necessary to solve such a problem as: the creation of a competitive transport and logistics system based on a technically and technologically integrated transport and logistics infrastructure, as well as systems for coordinating business processes in supply chains. Methods. The key elements of the further development of the transport and logistics system will be the following tools: digitalization, information technology and innovations. From this point of view, it is necessary to assess the competitiveness of the transport and logistics system according to the methodology of the Institute of Management Development (IMD), the main factors of which are knowledge, technology and readiness for the future. To raise the level of competitiveness of the transport and logistics system during the period of digital transformation of the economy, such digital technologies as big data management, blockchain, cloud computing, the Internet of things, artificial intelligence, virtual and augmented reality are considered. Result. Due to the need to ensure a high level of compatibility between material flow and logistics services in a complex transport and logistics system, standardization comes to the fore. The article describes the mechanism for organizing a digital platform of the transport and logistics system, where a separate block indicates the regulatory framework, which should ensure the high efficiency of the logistics service. Standardization, as one of the most important infrastructural elements of the economy, which primarily ensures its competitiveness and security, must meet modern requirements for the transition to the digital space. Conclusions. Thus, the rapid rate of change and complication of social and economic relations require new instruments of legal regulation, for which the norms contained in the standards can be applied, which is becoming an essential part of the global information social and economic development.
Advanced 3D Modeling System Utilizing Photogrammetric Techniques
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Vdovychenko Vladyslav V. , Zosimov Vjacheslav V. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: September 2023

This paper considers approaches and principles of building the 3D modeling system based on photogrammetry principles. It also describes integration with Object Capture, developed by Apple, as an example of technology that allows creating 3D models of real-world objects using a set of photos. Additionally, the article describes the approach to creating client-server applications, which will provide potential users with a convenient interface for interacting with the system.
Analysis of the Dynamics of Synthetic Indicators of the Quality of Life in View of the Influence on Them of the Determinant of State Economic Policy
Authors:   Lviv University of Trade and Economics, Artemenko Viktor B. , Artemenko Olena V. ,   GO TO-U of Ukraine LLC
Published: September 2023

Introduction. The effectiveness of a country’s economic policy can be measured using economic or social criteria that are interconnected and interdependent. Therefore, it is desirable to have a relatively small number of generalizing criteria-indicators (or even better – a single synthetic criterion-indicator) with the help of which it would be possible to measure the effectiveness of state economic policy, but the search for such criteria-indicators continues. The analysis of approaches to solving this problem shows that the priority direction is the use of the concept of quality of life. Purpose. In this work, we aim to analyze the dynamics of Ukrainian synthetic indicators of quality of life and a defined set of key explanatory variables-determinants of the state’s economic policy in order to identify problem areas in the socio-economic development of Ukraine. That is, consider approaches to solving the fourth task of our research based on the application of regression analysis. Results. Approaches to the study of the dynamics of synthetic indicators of the quality of life (QOL) and their determinants, which are determined on the basis of regression analysis from the a priori data set of the state’s economic policy, are considered. An analysis of the results of the dynamics of these SIAs and their determinants during 2010-2019 is presented. The obtained results indicate that on the basis of the analysis of the dynamics of Ukrainian synthetic indicators of the quality of life and their determinants, it is possible to ensure the identification of problem areas in the socio-economic development of Ukraine, which should be influenced by means of the state’s economic policy. Conclusion. As a result, we found a positive answer to the main question of our research: how, based on the analysis of the dynamics of synthetic indicators of the quality of life and their determinants, can we ensure the identification of problem areas in the socio-economic development of Ukraine, which should primarily be influenced by the means of state economic policy?
A Bayesian Network Perspective on an Attributional Model of Reactions Toward People with HIV
Authors: Brandelli Costa Angelo , Vilanova Felipe , Martins de Azevedo Fernando , Steins Gisela
Published: September 2023

Objective. Attributional theory has been widely studied to understand the overall perceptions regarding people suffering from negative events such as an HIV infection. The aim of the present study is to test the overall attribution model and its influence on the willingness to help, considering emotional reactions related to an HIV-infected individual. Method. We used a Bayesian network to analyze the association between attributions of causality (blame, responsibility, and control), willingness to help, and emotional reactions (anger and sympathy) toward an HIV-infected patient. Three hundred and fifty-eight individuals participated in the study. Results. Using the overall model, we found two different results: Anger contributed to the cognitive processes of attribution, and sympathy contributed to the behavioral willingness to help the patient.
Multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) of a Nocardia cyriacigeorgica strain causing severe bovine mastitis in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Stevanović Oliver , Milanov Dubravka , Prošić Isidora , Gajdov Vladimir , Nedić Drago , Sladojević Željko , Radalj Andrea
Published: September 2023

Nocardia cyriacigeorgica is a well-known agent of human nocardiosis and is considered an emerging pathogen, however, its identification to the species level is complex for many clinical laboratories. Available data on the clinical significance of N. cyriacigeorgica in veterinary medicine are sparse and mainly concern isolated reports of pyogranulomatous lesions in domestic animals. We report a case of severe bovine mastitis caused by N. cyriacigeorgica that did not respond to conventional antimicrobial therapy in a small holding in Bosnia and Herzegovina. After isolation of the pathogen, further identification by routine microbiological methods was not possible. Susceptibility to antimicrobials was tested using the disc diffusion method according to published recommendations. The sample was also tested by MALDI-ToF MS with inconclusive results. In addition, 16S rRNA sequence analysis, verified by multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) using the gyrB, 16S rRNA, secA1, and hsp65 sequences, confirmed the species N. cyriacigeorgica. To our knowledge, this is the first report of isolation of N. cyriacigeorgica from a clinical case of bovine mastitis in a European dairy farm and the first MLSA method approach to distinguish a Nocardia spp. strain isolated from animals.
Being Viking: Heathenism in Contemporary America
Authors: Calico Jefferson F.
Published: September 2023

Contemporary Paganism has been a growing segment of American religiosity for over forty years and is composed of a variety of groups, practices, and ideologies. Ásatrú (Asatru), a movement that seeks to revive the practice of pre-Christian Norse religion, remains one of the least studied of these Pagan movements despite its growing prominence in the Pagan community. Being Viking provides a rigorous ethnographic account of the Asatru religion in America, also known as Heathenry or Heathenism. Arising from five years of original ethnographic fieldwork among American Asatru adherents, the book expands our understanding of this religious movement by providing a comprehensive analysis as part of the American religious context. Asatru is a reconstructionist form of contemporary Paganism, deriving its sacred stories, polytheism, and religious culture from an interaction with the ancient Paganisms of pre-Christian northwestern Europe. Yet, contemporary tributaries shape the movement’s reception of the past and its enactment of the ideas and practices discovered there. American Asatru encompasses a diversity of approaches and offers a distinctive counterpoint to some of the characteristic patterns of religious life found in other forms of contemporary Paganism. Being Viking examines the complex interaction of new and old that influences Asatru symbolism, spirituality, and social organization. In addition to describing its rich religious ideology, Being Viking sets the movement within the context of contemporary American culture. Scholars have recognized that new religions offer alternative solutions to the felt tensions of society. Using this paradigm, Asatru is seen as a movement that provides creative religious solutions to the tensions experienced by modern Americans. This study addresses several of those points, including the socially isolating effects of modernity, women’s roles, epistemology, and human relationships with nature. Asatru draws on ancient Norse ideas and practices to create new modes of living in the modern world that seek to create meaning and deepen the lived experience of its contemporary adherents. Asatru is in the process of emerging as a viable and complex religion that achieves a degree of cultural continuity by reinvigorating certain American values. In this light, Asatru is a new American religion that incorporates and adapts important cultural values while at the same time challenging some scholarly assumptions about new religions.
Exposure to farm environment and its correlations with total IgE, IL-13, and IL-33 serum levels in patients with atopy and asthma
Authors: Dydak Paulina , Sozańska Barbara
Published: September 2023

Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate total immunoglobulin E (IgE), IL-13, and IL-33 serum level in people with bronchial asthma and atopy, and in healthy control group depending on their exposure to farm animals currently and in the first year of life.
Methods: The study included 174 individuals living in rural areas and in a small town. Standardized questions from the International Study of Asthma and Allergy in Childhood and The European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) questionnaires were used to define asthma. Atopic status was verified by skin prick tests. Rural exposure including contact with livestock was verified by adequate questionnaire. Total serum IgE, IL-13, and IL-33 levels were assessed by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) tests.
Results: Participants with atopy and bronchial asthma were characterized by high level of immunoglobulin E. Tendency to lower serum IgE level was observed among people reporting present contact with farm animals. Also, among those having contact with livestock in their first year of life, the analogous tendency was noticed. No difference in serum IL-13 levels in participants with asthma and atopy, and controls was observed, and there was no effect of exposure on farm animals on the concentration of IL-13. The highest IL-33 level was found in the atopic group, and the lowest in the control group. Participants currently exposed to farm animals were predisposed to have lower IL-33 serum level.
Conclusion: Exposure of farm animals currently and in first year of life may result in a lower level of total IgE. Correlation between IL-13 and IL-33 serum levels and contact with livestock was not confirmed.
Microplastics exposure and immunologic response
Authors: Urrutia-Pereira Marilyn , Guidos-Fogelbach Guillermo , Chong-Neto Herberto José , Solé Dirceu
Published: September 2023

Objective: To assess the impact of microplastics (MPs) on human health.
Data Source: The authors conducted a non-systematic review of articles published in English, Portuguese, French, and Spanish in the last decade in the following databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, and SciELO. The keywords used were: microplastics OR nanoplastics OR marine litter OR toxicology OR additives AND human health OR children OR adults.
Data summary: MPs are a group of emerging contaminants that have attracted scientific interest and societal attention in the last decade due to their ubiquitous detection in all environments. Humans can primarily be exposed to MPs and nanoplastics via oral and inhalation routes, but dermal contact cannot be overlooked, especially in young children. The possible toxic effects of plastic particles are due to their potential toxicity, often combined with that of leachable additives and adsorbed contaminants.
Conclusions: Unless the plastic value chain is transformed over the next two decades, the risks to species, marine ecosystems, climate, health, economy, and communities will be unmanageable. However, along with these risks are the unique opportunities to help transition to a more sustainable world.
Quality of life in children with food allergies, psychiatric symptoms, and caregiving burden of their mothers
Authors: Kılıç Nülüfer , Kaya Şuheda , Taşçı Gülay , Özsoy Filiz , Kılıç Mehmet
Published: September 2023

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the quality of life in children with food allergies, the accompanying depression and anxiety disorders, and caregiving burden of their mothers.
Material and Methods: A total of 168 children with food allergy visiting our clinic and their mothers were included in the study group. The control group included 152 children who visited the healthy child follow-up clinic of our hospital and their mothers. Studying mothers’ opinions, the Food Allergy Quality of Life Questionnaire Parent Form (FAQLQ-PF) was used for evaluating children, and the Beck’s Depression Inventory, Beck’s Anxiety Inventory, Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, San Diego Auto-questionnaire, and Zarit Caregiver Burden Scales were used for evaluating mothers.
Results: No differences were noticed between the study and control group regarding mean age and gender distribution (P > 0.05). In the study, the FAQLQ-PF total and subscale scores of children with food allergies were determined according to the opinions of their mothers, and scores tended to increase with age (P < 0.0001). In addition, it was determined that mothers of children with food allergies had higher levels of anxiety, depression, and caregiving burden than mothers of the control group (P < 0.0001).
Conclusion: In order to develop a multidisciplinary approach for children with food allergies, we conceived as appropriate to inform their families about the difficulties of caregiving and psychosocial disorders that could develop over time. They also must be informed to take preventive measures as well as the medical aspects of their children’s disease.
Empirical assessment of the physico-chemical determinants of soil spatial variability in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Agbangba Codjo Emile , Gongnet Emmanuel Ehnon , Kakaï Romain Glèlè
Published: September 2023

An appropriate understanding of soil properties’ spatial variability could help to perform sustainable soil nutrient management. The study aims to identify the most important soil characteristics driving spatial variability in tropical soil. A total of 5000 sample locations were randomly generated from the Sub-Saharan Africa map and the sample values were obtained from www.soilgrid.org. Various variogram models were tested and the best fitted variogram parameters were used to simulate 10000 replications of each attributes and the spatial dependence indices were computed. Results suggested that soil N, pH and organic carbon are the most driving spatial variability to better control experimental error.
A complete computer-based approach for data generation patterning to a pdf in \(\mathbb{R}\) and application to gamma and gig data
Authors: Gning Gorgui , Niang Aladji Babacar , Dembele Soumaila , Lo Gane Samb
Published: September 2023

Here, we present an automatic data generation method which is fully computer-based for a variate \(X\) with an absolutely continuous probability density function pdf \(f\) exactly computable. The method uses computer-based on calculations of integrals (trapezoidal and/or the Monte-Carlo method) for approximating the cumulative distribution function and next, the dichotomy algorithm to get the quantile function from which we obtain data from \(f\). We apply the method to generate gig(a,b,c) data. The comparison with analogues, as in R Software is very successful. The method may work where the rejection method fails because of a lack of pdf bound which can be generated. The method might be slower but the area of more and more powerful computer is favorable to it. The implementation for gamma and/or gig laws in R codes are presented
Rojen Dağı’ndan Uludağ’a Göç: Mekân, Aidiyet ve Rojen Pastanesi
Authors: CUMHUR Öznur , BİNGÖL Serhat , SEVİM Nurdan
Published: September 2023

Bulgaristan göçmeni bir ailenin Bursa’da kurdukları ve üç kuşaktır işlettikleri Rojen Pastanesi, göç ettikleri yerden getirdikleri tariflerle hem Bursalılara hem de göçmen müşterilerine 1977 yılından beri hizmet vermektedir. Bu süreçte ailenin Rojen Pastanesi’ne yüklediği simgesel anlamlar ve göçün gastronomiye etkisinin anlaşılması önem arz etmektedir. Bu kapsamda çalışmanın amacı, Rojen Pastanesi’nin göç, mekân, geçiş mekânları, aidiyet, gastronomi ve sosyal ortam bağlamında incelenmesidir. Anlatı yaklaşımından yararlanılarak yapılan bu nitel çalışmada ilk olarak, ikincil kaynaklardan veriler elde edilerek Rojen Pastanesi hakkındaki ilk bilgilere ulaşılmıştır. Sonrasında ise Rojen Pastanesi’ne ziyaretler yapılmış ve işletme ortaklarından iki kişiyle yarı-yapılandırılmış derinlemesine görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Buna göre Özgür Ailesi, göçün yıkıcı olabilecek etkisini azaltmak için Rojen’e sığınmış ve bu mekâna yükledikleri anlam, semboller ve Bulgaristan’dan taşıdıkları yiyecek ve içeceklerle bir aidiyet geliştirmiştir. Böylece göçmenler Rojen aracılığıyla aidiyet duygularını koruyarak, birbirleriyle etkileşime geçebildiği ve kültürel deneyimleri paylaşabildiği bir sosyal ortam yaratmışlardır. Sonuç olarak Rojen; sunduğu ürünler, oluşturduğu sosyal ortam ve konuşulan dil ile bir zamanlar Bulgaristan’da sahip oldukları yuva statüsüne kavuşmuştur.
Influence of the host sex, size, and season on Ergasilus lizae infestation of Thicklip Grey Mullet (Chelon labrosus, L., 1758) in Beymelek Lagoon Lake (Antalya, Türkiye)
Authors: YALIM F. Banu , EMRE Nesrin , EMRE Yılmaz , KAYMAK Nehir
Published: September 2023

The aim of the study was investigation of the changes in infestation levels of Ergasilus lizae on economically important fish species, thicklip grey mullet (Chelon labrossus) from Beymelek Lagoon Lake located on the western Mediterranean coast (Antalya, Türkiye). In this context, the infestation levels of E. lizae with respect to fish sexes, fish sizes and season were evaluated statistically. The research was conducted seasonally between May 2008 to April 2009, and the gills which belong to 103 fish samples were examined. The overall infection prevalence and mean intensity values were 60.2% and 15.95, respectively. The prevalence and mean intensity of E. lizae for thicklip grey mullet male and sexually unidentified fish samples were higher than that for females. Prevalence and mean intensity were determined the highest in size class I with 69.6% and 26.3, and almost the same values in size groups II and III. E. lizae on host fish were observed in every season. The highest prevalence and mean intensity of E. lizae was recorded in spring with 100%, 24.88. The lowest prevalence of E. lizae was recorded in summer at 12% and the lowest mean intensity of E. lizae was in the summer and the winter with 9, 8.67 respectively. The infestation level of E. lizae was statistically significant with host sex and season, but there was no effect on the fish size groups.
Las Nuevas Masculinidades Alternativas Interculturales en la Superación de la Violencia
Authors: Toledo del Cerro Ana
Published: September 2023

El rol de las masculinidades en la superación de la violencia de género ha sido estudiado en diferentes investigaciones. Sin embargo, el papel de las nuevas masculinidades en la superación de la violencia desde una perspectiva intercultural no ha sido tratado en profundidad. Este artículo presenta el estado actual de los estudios sobre las nuevas masculinidades, con el objetivo de aclarar qué modelos de masculinidad ofrecen posibilidades interétnicas para la superación de la violencia. Para ello, se ha realizado una revisión de la literatura científica en bases de datos internacionales de referencia. En primer lugar, se presenta la dicotomía entre el modelo hegemónico de masculinidades que perpetúa la violencia y la desigualdad, pero es socialmente atractivo, frente a los modelos de masculinidad que han logrado grandes cambios en términos de superación de la desigualdad, pero sin atractivo. En la segunda sección, se describe cómo el nuevo modelo de masculinidad alternativa combina la ética y el deseo, superando así el doble estándar entre ambos. Esto representa posibilidades para los hombres que quieren contribuir a la superación de la violencia de género participando en relaciones más igualitarias que unen la ética y la pasión.  Se presentan estudios interétnicos que se basan en este nuevo modelo de masculinidad alternativa y que además rompe con la hegemonía blanca, rompiendo así los prejuicios racistas y ofreciendo aún más posibilidades desde esta diversidad cultural
Engaging Men and Boys in Gender Justice Through Pro-Feminist Podcasts
Authors: McInerney William , Burrell Stephen
Published: September 2023

This article explores pro-feminist podcasting as an emergent approach to engaging men and boys in gender justice. In recent years, an increasing number of podcasts have surfaced which implicitly or explicitly espouse pro-feminist praxis. However, scholarship in this area remains underexamined. This article seeks to move the literature forward by 1) situating pro-feminist podcasting within the wider multi-disciplinary literatures on critical podcasting pedagogies; 2) sharing examples from the current landscape of English-language pro-feminist podcasts; and 3) discussing the potential benefits, challenges, and risks of this approach. In doing so, this article considers how pro-feminist podcasts have the potential to expand men’s engagement efforts to wider audiences, provide new accessible entry points, and help facilitate ways to bring together and mobilise groups of pro-feminist men. However, there are several challenges and tensions involved in pro-feminist podcasting - as is the case with other forms of engaging men and pro-feminist allyship - which demonstrate that this work should be undertaken with care, ongoing reflexivity, and accountability. Overall, this article seeks to start a conversation about the potential of podcasting in the field of engaging men and boys and to draw attention to the need for further work and research in this area.
Significados de masculinidad(es) en niños y niñas: una mirada desde la literatura infantil feminista
Authors: Gutiérrez-Romero Mario Fernando , Novoa-Villegas Ana María , Guzmán-Fonnegra Verónica
Published: September 2023

En este artículo se propone analizar los significados que niños y niñas tienen sobre la configuración de la(s) masculinidad(es) expresada(s) a través de la literatura infantil feminista. Se utilizó un diseño cualitativo de teoría fundamentada con corte emergente basado en el interaccionismo simbólico. Hicieron parte de la investigación cinco niñas y cinco niños con edades entre los ocho y diez años quienes fueron entrevistados tras la lectura de cuatro cuentos infantiles feministas. Los análisis revelaron que se identifican estereotipos de género relacionados con apariencia y comportamiento; las posiciones de poder en las relaciones sociales de género fueron evocadas. En los relatos se encuentra una admiración hacia figuras masculinas heroicas y poderosas, que tienen la necesidad de actuar decididamente pues esto se convierte en una forma crucial de posicionarse para ser reconocido en la sociedad en tanto hombre. El significado de masculinidad se comprende como un reconocimiento con transformaciones y variabilidad, especialmente en lo que respecta a la expresión emocional, la necesidad de control y demostración; se identifica un sentido de respeto inicial a las configuraciones individuales de la masculinidad.
Guzmán González, Trinidad. 2022. Espejo del Arte de Cocina. De la Corte del rey Ricardo, el Segundo de Inglaterra tras la conquista. Folia Medievalia, 8. León: Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de León-Inst. Estudios Medievales. Pp. 211. ISBN 9788418490552.
Authors: Conde-Silvestre J. Camilo
Published: September 2023

Book review of Guzmán González, Trinidad. 2022. Espejo del Arte de Cocina. De la Corte del rey Ricardo, el Segundo de Inglaterra tras la conquista. Folia Medievalia, 8. León: Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de León-Inst. Estudios Medievales. Pp. 211. ISBN 9788418490552.
Method of tooth restoration and reinforcement with significant destruction of the tooth crown
Authors: Vorobieva Yulia B. , Zheleznyak Vladimir A. , Shchennikova Marina N. , Poplaukhin Taras S.
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND: One way to improve the quality of crown restoration of the tooth is to include a reinforcing component that increases the strength and durability of the restoration.
OBJECTIVE: To propose a new method for restoring extensive defects in hard tissues of teeth with additional reinforcement.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: During the work, 40 chewing anatomical and functional teeth were removed based on various criteria. Carious teeth cavities after removal were prepared for class 1 G.V. Blаck cavities. The wall thickness was measured using a dental micrometer; half of the teeth (20) had a wall thickness more than 3 mm, and half (20) had a wall thickness less than 3 mm. It was calculated how the load would be distributed in the tooth. Based on this, the optimal installation method for threads with composite in the tooth cavity was determined. We used dental adhesive Single Bond Universal in separate packages, dental composite material 3M ESPE Filtek Ultimate Universal Restorative, thread with composite material (light-curing dental fiber formed CATERPILLAR). Furthermore, we used a dental micrometer, laboratory electrical equipment, such as testing machine, hardness tester, Shimadzu trademark, and LEDEX dental light-curing lamp, model WL-070, Carl Zeiss Primo Star laboratory microscope, and emission scanning electron microscope Merlin (Zeiss) during the experiment.
CONCLUSION: The Method of restoration of molars in case of significant destruction of the tooth crown has been developed (RF Patent No. 2783060). It is presented as a method of restoring extensive defects in the crown part of the tooth with the use of composite tape as a reinforcing component. When the results of the study on the Shimadzu bursting machine were analyzed, it was revealed that restorations performed using a composite thread are more durable and, accordingly, more durable than similar therapeutic restorations of the shape and function of the tooth performed without the use of a composite thread.
RESULTS: In a laboratory test for maximum compression and stress, teeth restored with floss and composite material showed significantly greater resistance than teeth restored with composite material alone.
Role of expression IL-23 pathway in myocardial injury after global ischemia and reperfusion/cross talk with IL-17
Authors: Ogiku Ling
Published: September 2023

Myocardial injury caused by global ischemia/reperfusion is a complicated pathophysiological course, in which inflammation is thought to play an important role. Endothelial dysfunction plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of reperfusion injury in the myocardium. This role stems from the close proximity of the endothelium to neutrophils and other inflammatory cell types at the vascular interface during the critical early phase as well as the later phase of reperfusion. IL-17A is a cytokine expressed by a variety of cells in response to inflammatory cytokines that are released following tissue injury and/or inflammation. IL-17A induces epithelial cells to secrete neutrophil chemoattractants. The cytokine IL-23, which can be produced by epithelial cells, plays an important role in IL-17A production. Global myocardial injury induced by abdominal heart transplant model in IL-17A deficient (Il17a-/-), IL-23R deficient (Il23r-/-) and WT mice. Our data showed that cTn-I, neutrophil accumulation MCP-1 and ICAM-1 were significantly less in both Il17a-/- mice and Il23r/- mice than in WT controls. These two pathways may become possible therapeutic targets for the treatment of global ischemia induced myocardial injury.
The Emerging Role of Photobiomodulation in COVID-19 Therapy Part II
Authors: Williams Richard
Published: September 2023

Purpose: To empirically confirm the utility of photobiomodulation (PBM) in the treatment of acute and long COVID-19 guided by a mechanistic analysis of the photochemical effects of pulsed light on SARS-CoV-2 infections and disease progression. Background: COVID-19 comprises a coronavirus severe inflammatory disease infecting tissue populated by ACE-2 receptors of the upper and lower respiratory tract and AEC causing an overexpression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Once in the lungs, viremic spread and cytokine profusion progresses into multi-organ hyperinflammation of visceral epithelium, vascular endothelium, and neurons of the CNS, PNS, ANS, and brain with long-term sequelae. In response to an oxidative state, red and NIR PBM down-regulates proinflammatory cytokines, activating M2 macrophages and Th2 helper cells to increase anti-inflammatory immune response in accordance with a biphasic dose response. Published reports confirm efficacious therapy of COVID-19 using conformal LED pads or scanned lasers. Results: A series of two acute COVID case studies comprising 69 ambulatory (stage 1-to-5) and five stage-6 hospitalized patients confirm the efficacious impact of whole-organ deep-tissue PBM using algorithmically-pulsed conformal LED pad optical delivery methods. Together, acute symptomatic recovery from two 64-84 min PBM sessions occurred within three days for 62/62 patients. Full recovery occurred within four sessions for all PBM patients (all but two cases resolved within one week). Prophylactic benefits were recorded in 17/17 asymptomatic-to-mild (stage 0-1) patients exposed to viral shedding of infected family members. PBM of long COVID outcomes include total resolution of dyspnea, ability to maintain SpO2 above 97% without oxygen supplementation, relief from digestive distress, elimination of brain fog, improved memory recall, restored executive function, and symptomatically managing emotional deficits. Total whole-organ PBM treatments to date comprise approximately three-hundred fifty cases comprising 60% acute COVID-19, 20% metabolic and respiratory long COVID, and 20% neurological long COVID. Unresolved cases totaling 0.25% include two cases of severe long COVID anxiety and nosophobia where PBM was found to deliver only short-term palliative relief. Conclusion: Ongoing results increasingly support the application of whole-organ deep tissue PBM in the treatment of acute and long COVID-19. Both conformal LED pads and scanning lasers demonstrate favorable outcomes. LED pads deliver higher fluences than scanned lasers in the same session times. Further studies of the prophylactic benefits of PBM are indicated.
Relationship between Diabetic Retinopathy Disease Severity, Anxiety, and Depression
Authors: Le Patrick , Olson Daniel , Zehden Jason , Vu Thoai , Buren Eric , Lin Feng , Zhang Alice
Published: September 2023

Purpose: Determine the relationship between nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), anxiety, and depression. Materials and Methods: This retrospective case-control study identified patients 18 years or older seen by the University of North Carolina Ophthalmology department between July 2008-July 2018 diagnosed with anxiety, depression, NPDR, and PDR. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated separately for the severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and anxiety or depression. Results: Among the 47,740 study subjects, 27,893 (58%) were female, 3,239 (6.8%) had NPDR and 1,430 (3.0%) had PDR. The incidence of anxiety after DR was 1.5%, and the incidence of depression after DR was 2.4%. NPDR (0.997; 0.896-1.110; p<0.001) conveyed no change in odds, while PDR (0.869; 0.756-0.998; p<0.001) demonstrated a reduction in odds for a subsequent diagnosis of anxiety. Compared to other 18-34 year old patients with less severe or no disease, 18-34 year old patients with NPDR (2.801; 1.450-5.408; p=0.003) and PDR (2.999; 1.499-6.001; p=0.004) exhibited an increased odds for subsequent anxiety. NPDR (1.473; 1.342-1.617; p<0.001) and PDR (1.232; 1.092-1.389; p<0.001) demonstrated an increased odds for subsequent diagnosis of depression. When stratifying by age, 18-34 year old patients again had the highest increase in odds for subsequent diagnosis of depression (NPDR 3.452; 1.774-6.719; p<0.001 and PDR 4.382; 2.232-8.603; p<0.001). Conclusions: Patients with DR have an increased risk for a new diagnosis of depression, and DR severity has a positive linear relationship with the diagnosis of depression. Age likely plays a prominent role in risk stratification for a new diagnosis of anxiety in patients with DR.
Case of pneumococcal (PRSP) bronchitis: Gram staining as the earliest and useful indicator for evaluating the effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy in outpatient.
Authors: Nishiya Hajime
Published: September 2023

A 75-year-old man was seen in the general practice in our hospital because of fever of 38-39℃, cough and purulent sputa on January 8 th . Six days before visit, he had the chief complaint. The day before, he visited a clinic. The chest X-ray showed no pneumonia shadow suggesting of bronchitis with old tuberculous changes. Azithromycin was administered, but no improvement was seen. The doctor sent him to our hospital. Gram-stained sputum samples showed gram- positive diplococcus, later identified as Streptococcus pneumoniae (PRSP). He was administered two grams of ampicillin for 30 minutes. Gram-stained sputum samples showed smaller or gram-negative pneumococci at the completion of administration of the agent, and a decreased number of extracellular cocci and increased number of phagocyted small and weekly stained cocci at two hours after completion of administration. We estimated the effectiveness of ampicillin and prescribe 2g of amoxicillin hydrate (AMPC) (500mgX4) for 2days followed by 1.5g of AMPC (500mgX3) for the next 5days (till 2/15). He was seen on the 7 th day (2/14) again with no fever, a decreased amount of cough and sputa. The culture of the sputum on the first day (2/8) revealed Streptococcus (PRSP) 3+ resistant to penicillin and ampicillin. But Gram-stained sputum samples showed little number of cocci and we confirmed the effectiveness of ampicillin prescribing no additional antimicrobial agent. He was seen on the 12 th (2/19) to follow up the course, and getting better with little cough having watery sputa. The culture of the sputum on the 7 th (2/14) day revealed no Streptococcus. However, Gram-stained sputum samples showed some extracellular cocci suggesting of pneumococci, and we predicted the coming relapse of bronchitis. We prescribed new ketolide antimicrobial drug telithromycin (TEL,300mgX 2) for 3days. On the 15 th (2/22) he visited our hospital again with no respiratory symptom and Gram-stained sputum samples showed no cocci suggestive of pneumococcus. He recovered from bronchitis. We present here a case in which morphological changes and/or a decreased number of extracellular S. pneumoniae observed in Gram-stained sputum samples obtained after the first administration of antimicrobial agents presented useful information as a reliable therapeutic indicator of the effectiveness of the first administered agent, and follow up check of Gram-stained sputum could prevent the relapse of bronchitis before worsening in outpatient.
Abfraction lesion in central incisor tooth: displacement and stress evaluation by laser speckle and finite element analysis
Authors: Poiate Isis , Muramatsu Mikiya , Mori Matsuyoshi , Campos Tomie , Matsuda Kiyofumi , Lopez Marcio , Jr Edgard
Published: September 2023

The aim of this study was to evaluate the displacement and stress distribution in the cervical region of a mandibular central incisor tooth (MCIT) within wedge-shaped lesion simulating abfraction lesion by means of Laser Speckle (LS) and 3D Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and then compared. One experimental setup was assembled with a MCIT attached in resin and submitted to the LS. An increasing static load from 12.1 to 42.1N was applied in incisal buccal slope at 15º in relation to the tooth's long axis. A 3D numerical model with linear tetrahedral elements and homogeneous, linear and isotropic behavior was built with the same boundary conditions of the experimental setup. The LS present higher displacement in the wedge-shaped lesion than the FEA, but both had an excellent agreement in the displacement direction. The LS show a nonlinear behavior from 32.1N. The FEA has presented higher tensile stresses at the root dentin. In the FEA cementoenamel junction area, tensile stress isn't exceeding the enamel's tensile strength, under simulated conditions. It was concluded that LS is a faster tool and acceptable when studying the quantitative displacement of the biomechanical behavior in MCIT, and FEA is appropriate for the quantitative stress analysis, and both bring important results of the stress and displacement that are fundamental in planning preventive and restorative approach in non-carious cervical lesions.
Does Point-of-care Ultrasound Improve Survival when Used During Cardiac Arrest? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Ventorp Simon , Wagner Henrik , Härdig Bjarne
Published: September 2023

Aim of the review: This review aimed to evaluate the impact of Point-of-care Ultrasound during cardio- pulmonary resuscitation for adult non-traumatic CA on clinical outcomes and survival. Data sources: This review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The PubMed and Embase databases were searched on 14 November 2022. The eligibility criteria were studies including: adults with non-traumatic cardiac arrest and Point-of-care Ultrasound utilisation, a control group, and an analysis of short- and long-term outcomes and neurological outcomes. The risk of bias and certainty of evidence were assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation form. Data are reported as risk of ratios for each outcome. Results: From the two databases, 7658 studies were identified, of which 3 met the predefined eligibility criteria. The main findings showed no difference in rate of return of spontaneous circulation (RR 0.83, 95% CI 0.24–1.66, p=0.60) (very low certainty of evidence) and a significant decrease in rate of survival to hospital discharge (RR 0.44, 95% CI 0.22–0.88, p=0.02) (very low quality of evidence). No study reported data regarding neurological status at hospital discharge, 30-day survival rate, or neurological outcome. Conclusion: The impact of Point-of-care Ultrasound during cardiopulmonary resuscitation on clinical outcomes during cardiac arrest is hampered by the very low certainty of evidence, heterogeneity, and high risk of bias. Studies have shown no difference in return of spontaneous circulation but a significant decrease in survival to hospital discharge when Point-of-care Ultrasound was performed.
Contemporary Anesthesia Perspectives for Ophthalmic Surgery: A Brief Review
Authors: Palte Howard , Masters Neil
Published: September 2023

In recent decades there have been few changes in the anesthesia management of eye surgery. By contrast, the 21st Century has witnessed major advancements in ophthalmic surgery with the adoption of minimally-invasive techniques, technologic innovations, and an expanding population seeking eye care. These factors have impacted intraoperative exposure such that many procedures are now performed on more complex patients, and completed in quicker time. Furthermore, in pursuit of economic savings and patient satisfaction there is a trend to divert eye surgeries away from the in-hospital setting to ambulatory centers or office locations. From an anesthesia perspective, these changes have imposed a demand on providers to shorten operating room turnover times and accelerate patient discharge while maintaining high standards of patient safety. This review will address five new avenues of anesthesia care, each of which offer possibilities in accommodating facets of this new order surgical experience. First, remimazolam is an ultra-short acting benzodiazepine that produces a predictable period of hypnosis and rapid, full recovery of consciousness because of its short context-sensitive half-time and inactive metabolites. A single 3-5 mg dose produces 11-15 minutes sleep that may be ideal for brief ocular interventions. Second, nasal CPAP/BiPAP and high flow nasal oxygen devices expand the profile of patients appropriately managed at an ambulatory center. Since their application improves arterial oxygenation and delays the onset of apneic hypoxemia, they are advantageous for patients afflicted by morbid obesity or severe obstructive sleep apnea. Third, open globe injuries have traditionally been managed under general anesthesia. However, recent studies attest to regional anesthesia as a viable alternative for many ocular insults, particularly for the elderly and patients with major organ dysfunction or risk for pulmonary aspiration. Fourth, the sub-Tenon block is a cannula-based regional ophthalmic skill performed predeominantly by ophthalmic surgeons because it necessitates conjunctival incision and dissection. Recently described variations of an incision-free, easily mastered sub-Tenon approach are likely to be included in residency and fellowship instruction, and so become an invaluable component of the anesthesiology armamentarium. This review concludes with a concise overview of the a2 agonist dexmedetomidine with the focus directed on its uses as an adjunct for adult sedation, and advantage in children for premedication and control of emergence delirium.
Digi Post - An Impression-Free Novel Technique for Customizing Post and Core
Authors: Garapati Harshitha , Rajasekhar Vemareddy , Naidu Seera , Bhavana Kalla , Balaraju Korrai , Darla Satya
Published: September 2023

Endodontic therapy is only successful in the long run if the tooth is suitably rehabilitated. Although countless studies on various types of post and core have been conducted, there is a paucity of studies on customizing post and core with digitalization to eliminate the hassle of impression-making emphasizing the need for the development of strategic techniques. This article aims to present a novel technique that combines the advantages of pre-fabricated post, in terms of saving clinical time, yet achieving the custom fit of post and core utilizing a digital approach. Further, this study emphasizes two case reports employing the same technique of customizing post and core utilizing Cone Beam Computed Tomography. A compact run-through for the fabrication of a Digi Post prologues with the preparation of the post space, Standard Tessellation Language (STL) file is attained by converting the Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) file of a Cone Beam Computed Tomography scan, in which the post can be designed digitally. This innovative technique allows practitioners to perform post-endodontic rehabilitation with greater confidence, simplicity and precision.
Decrease of Graft Failure Rate by Improving Tactics and Surgical Techniques in Extraanatomic Bypass Operations
Authors: Jimborean Ovidiu , Sala Daniela , Borz Cristian , Denes Marton , Vultur Mara , Jimborean Gabriela , Neagoe Radu
Published: September 2023

We analized the early and late postoperative complications that occurred after 693 bypass operations (574 anatomic and 119 extra-anatomic) performed in 10 consecutive years (1997-2006). The bypass graft failures (infection + thrombosis) treatment and the subsequent evolution of the patients were detected by analyzing patients’ readmissions made to solve these major post-bypass complications. The follow-up period extended up to 12 years after the primary arterial bypass reconstruction. In this period we registered: 89 secondary arterial reconstructions for early and late graft thrombosis; 8 healings after removal of the infected prostheses, followed by extraanatomic bypass operations (7 obturator bypass + 1 axillo-bifemoral bypass). The most frequent vascular prosthesis infection sites were the Scarpa triangle and the thoraco-abdominal subcutaneous segment of the axillo(bi)-femoral graft. Major amputations after extraanatomic bypass operations: at 4 years postoperatively for axillo(bi)-femoral operations the amputation rate was 17.6%, while for crossover operations it was 7.5%. Perioperatory mortality after anatomic bypass operations = 2 intraoperatory and 8 postoperatory (1.38%/574 operations); perioperatory mortality after extraanatomic bypass operations: 2 postoperatory deaths (1.68%/119 operations), 1 after axillo-femoral prosthesis infection and 1 after acute myocardial infarction. In order to reduce the graft major complication rate after extraanatomic bypass operations we took the following measures: 1. When there are arterial occlusive lesions distal to the femoral tripod we ensured an adequate outflow which favores the long-term patency of the extraanatomic graft; this goal was obtained by 2 methods: by enlargement profundoplasty and/or by performing an additional distal bypass towards the popliteal artery or towards the subgenicular arteries. The distal subgenicular anastomosis was made between a venous graft and the distal outflow artery for reducing the intimal hyperplasia. 2. For crossover bypass operations we often used autologous vein grafts; 3. In crossover ilio-femoral bypass operation with venous graft we avoid the graft compression in its path through abdominal wall by passing the graft through a stable caliber hole made in a polypropylene closure mesh of the abdominal wall. 4. We promote the tunneling of the axillo-femoral prosthesis through the subaponeurotic muscular tissue because this tissue better protects the prosthetic graft against infection. 5. In order to reduce the groin prosthesis infections, we prefer performing ilio-femoral crossover bypass instead of femoro-femoral one. 6. The obturator bypass remains a valuable tratment for groin infected prosthesis.