bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
УКРАЇНСЬКА КОНЦЕПТОСФЕРА: ЗІСТАВНИЙ АСПЕКТ
Authors: ОГАР Анна
Published: November 2017

У статті йдеться про українську концептосферу – сукупність концептів, що належать спільному ментальному просторові носіїв мови. З-поміж концептів виділяють на основі загальновживаності й частотності концептуальних вербалізаторів, словотвірної та фразеологічної їхньої розробленості, семантичної розбудованості та аксіологічної маркованості провідні, або ключові, які акумулюють інформацію про специфіку певної культури та її носіїв. Мета розвідки – з’ясувати особливості української концептосфери в зіставному аспекті. Її ядро творять концепти земля, мати, хата, хліб, доля, душа, серце, любов, Україна, достаток, туга, честь, здоров’я, щастя, воля, життя, людина, радість, друг, добре, дім тощо. Дослідження кожного з цих концептів виявляє національно специфічне. Концепт доля, скажімо, відображає етнічні риси характеру народу (вміння переносити життєві випробування, терплячість, покірність), однак на українську долю можна вплинути. За таким трактуванням прочитується віра у краще, притаманний народам Заходу позитивізм, а не тільки фаталізм Сходу. Особливості національного характеру й сприйняття світу відображають концепти душа, серце. Українська модель особистості ґрунтується на протиставленні тіла душі (серцю) і головною є сфера ірраціонального (для порівняння англо-саксонська модель вибудувана навколо протиставлення матеріального інтелектуальному, що відбиває її зосередженість на мисленні й знанні). Попри те, в українців розум уважається однією з основних позитивних характеристик людини. Український концепт мати вирізняє особливе пошанування матері, надання їй виняткового значення, статусу найріднішої. У концепті також розвинулись смислові сфери мати – Богородиця, мати – земля. Помітно еволюціонував концепт хата, набувши багатовимірності та виразних етноментальних ознак. Діапазон його змісту розширюється від «рідної домівки» до «рідної землі». Натомість в англійській культурі home/house є символічною межею, яка відокремлює людину, її сім’ю, тобто смисл концепту звужується до окремої особи. Спільний для слов’ян образ хліба як символ у достатку в українців доповнюють асоціати оберіг, св’ятість, радість, здоров’я. Отже, обстеження ключових концептів дає змогу сказати про культуру народу щось суттєве, виокремити власне його, специфічне на загальному тлі.
ЛІСОСПЛАВНА ЛЕКСИКА В СЛОВНИКУ «ГУЦУЛЬСЬКА ДІАЛЕКТНА ЛЕКСИКА ТА ФРАЗЕМІКА В УКРАЇНСЬКІЙ ХУДОЖНІЙ МОВІ»
Authors: ҐРЕЩУК Василь , ҐРЕЩУК Валентина
Published: November 2017

У статті проаналізовано лісосплавну лексику, лексикографічно опрацьовану в словнику “Гуцульська діалектна лексика та фраземіка в українській художній мові”. Визначено контекстуальну семантику гуцульських діалектних слів на позначення реалій річкового лісосплаву, охарактеризовано попит на них авторів художніх текстів, встановлено найбільш затребувані номени. Висвітлено образне вживання досліджуваних діалектизмів та їх функції у художніх текстах.
ОЙКОНІМИ: РОЗДУМИ ПРО СЕМАНТИКУ
Authors: КОТОВИЧ Віра
Published: November 2017

У статті проаналізовано семантичність / асемантичність онімної лексики, розглянуто різні погляди на цю проблему. Доведено, що семантичні характеристики апелятивної та пропріальної лексики суттєво різняться між собою. З’ясовано, що для різних класів онімів існують неоднакові критерії семантичного аналізу. Обґрунтовано сутність специфічної семантики, якої набуває ойконім у мовленні. Підтверджено думку, що в поняття «семантика ойконіма» закладено зміст, який передбачає вихідне мотиваційне значення назви поселення та лінгвокультурну інформацію.
КОЛОКАЦІЇ, ТЕРМІНИ ТА ЇХНЯ ПРАГМАТИКА В СУСПІЛЬНО-ПОЛІТИЧНИХ І НАУКОВО-ПУБЛІЦИСТИЧНИХ ТЕКСТАХ
Authors: КЛИМЕНКО Ніна
Published: November 2017

У статті розглянуто процеси та засоби нової стратифікації суспільно-політичної лексики, що відображені в активізації питомих та запозичених словотворчих засобів, основоскладання, лексико-синтаксичного та семантичного способів словотворення. Описано формування нових ключових слів, які вказують на виникнення нових суспільних відносин, відображають нові процеси в суспільстві, в його окремих соціальних групах та спільнотах, у стосунках між особою та суспільством, у закономірностях масової поведінки.
КОЛІР ЯК ЗАСІБ УВИРАЗНЕННЯ КОНЦЕПТУ ПЕЙЗАЖ (на матеріалі малої прози І. Буніна)
Authors: КУЦИК Олена , КОЛЕЧКО Марія
Published: November 2017

У статті проаналізовано концептуальне увиразнення пейзажу в оповіданнях І. Буніна. Показано, що досліджуваний концепт розкривається у малій прозі письменника як цілісне системне утворення, репрезентоване кольоролексемами не лише з узуальною, а й з асоціативною семантикою. Розглянуто колоративи, які становлять периферійну зону концепту «пейзаж». Доведено, що саме вони збагачують, увиразнюють його в цілому, роблять його випуклим та рельєфним.
Anatomical investigation of three emergent Cyperus species growing naturally on the canal banks of the Nile delta, Egypt
Authors: El-Amier Yasser A. , Abd El-Gawad Ahmed M.
Published: November 2017

The genus Cyperus is a large genus with about 600 species, widespread all over the world. The present work contains anatomical descriptions of culms and leaves anatomy of three taxa of Cyprus spp. (Cyperus alopecuroides, C. articulates and C. papyrus). Cyperus spp. were collected from canal banks of Nile Delta. The culms in transverse section of all examined species were triangular except for C. articulates which was circular. The ground tissue differentiated into parenchyma cells with thin walls and small, triangular intercellular spaces, while C. articulates has large hollow pith. Vascular bundles are small, angular and scattered throughout the thin-walled ground tissue. Leaf anatomy of C. alopecuroides and C. papyrus is an example of the isobilateral mesophyll with palisade parenchyma on both sides, enlarged epidermal cells referred to as hing cells found in the middle of the blade. The center of the leaf is occupied by a large vascular bundle surrounded by a bundle sheath.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TGT MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA PUZZLE TERHADAP KEAKTIFAN DAN HASIL BELAJAR KOGNITIF SISWA PADA MATERI SISTEM EKSKRESI SISWA KELAS VIII MTS N 1 SEMARANG
Authors: Kristiana Ina , Nurwahyunani Atip , Sulistya Dewi Endah Rita
Published: November 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran TGT (Teams Games Turnament) menggunakan media puzzle terhadap keaktifan dan hasil belajar siswa pada materi sistem ekskresi manusia kelas VIII MTs Negeri 1 Semarang Tahun 2016/2017. Bentuk penelitian eksperimen berdesain “quasi experimental design dengan menggunakan metode pretest-posttest control group design”. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII MTs Negeri 1 Semarang. Metode pengumpulan  berupa metode observasi, dokumentasi dan tes. Analisis data untuk menguji efektifitas pembelajaran dengan menggunakan uji t dan persentase ketuntasan belajar klasikal. Hasil penelitian menunjukan ada perbedaan signifikan pada kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol, persentase ketuntasan belajar kelas eksperimen 76,66% sedangkan kelas kontrol 54,54%, rata-rata kelas eksperimen sebesar 75,83 sedangkan kelas kontrol 72,27. Hasil uji kolerasi dengan  = 1,835 dan  = 1,67 karena  >  maka  diterima. Untuk keaktifan belajar ditunjukkan dari rata-rata kelas eksperimen 80,57 sedangkan kelas kontrol 56,55. Hasil kolerasi dengan  = 8,168 dan  = 1,67. Disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan model pembelajaran TGT menggunakan media puzzle dapat meningkatkan keaktifan dan hasil belajar siswa pada materi sistem ekskresi manusia kelas VIII MTs Negeri 1 Semarang. Kata Kunci : Teams Games Turnament, Keaktifan, Hasil Belajar, Sistem Ekskresi Manusia
Can Reading Self-Efficacy Be Modified? A Meta-Analysis of the Impact of Interventions on Reading Self-Efficacy
Authors: Unrau Norman J. , Rueda Robert , Son Elena , Polanin Joshua R. , Lundeen Rebecca J. , Muraszewski Alison K.
Published: November 2017

Studies of interventions’ impact on reading self-efficacy have been conducted since the 1980s. The purpose of this project was to conduct a systematic review of these studies because the primary studies often yielded divergent results. Included studies entailed an intervention, addressed reading specifically, and reported explicit pre- and postintervention measures of reading self-efficacy. Subjects were students in elementary grades through college. The results of a systematic search and screening procedure found 30 studies in which 2,300 subjects received treatments of various kinds while 1,957 were in control or comparison groups. A meta-analysis of three subsets of study designs revealed that each subset generated a significant effect size: treatment–control (g = 0.24, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.10, 0.39]); treatment–comparison (g = 0.44, 95% CI [0.04, 0.84]); pretest–posttest (g = 0.36, 95% CI [0.16, 0.57]). Significant heterogeneity was found and modeled using moderator analyses conducted on several variables. The results indicated that significant moderators of effect sizes included grade level, number of sources shaping reading self-efficacy, a reading self-efficacy measurement index, and journal publication. In studies that measured the impact of the intervention on reading comprehension, its relationship with reading self-efficacy was analyzed revealing a strong correlation between the two constructs. Discussion includes an exploration of the importance of these findings to future policy, practice, and research on the design of reading self-efficacy measurement instruments and on interventions that utilize major sources of experiences shaping reading self-efficacy.
Fracture of a Leaf Chain for Lifting Clamps
Authors: Fischer B. , Gädicke T. , Neidel A.
Published: November 2017

Leaf chains are flexible lifting devices which are often used as a link between crane hook and the load to be lifted. Actually, they are not designed for diagonal pulls, but for clean tensile stress. In practice, however, slight diagonal pull situations are often inevitable. A certain degree of security against such unscheduled load cases, is therefore generally expected from these lifting devices, which means that the production engineer assumes that leaf chains behave “tenderly”. In the present failure analysis, this was also the case until the leaf chain manufacturer changed the chain link supplier. The chain links this supplier delivered were no longer quenched and tempered but case hardened instead, which actually makes them more wear-resistant but also less tolerable towards the kind of bending loads inevitably occurring with diagonal pulls. As a result the leaf chain fractured and the load dropped during the lifting of a 6.5 t casing component. Since all occupational safety rules of the engineering company were followed, there were no further consequential damages except for some damages to the casing component.
Students’ Perception about Status of Bedside Teaching in Undergraduate Medical Education of Bangladesh
Authors: Sultana Jobaida , Ara Iffat , Talukder Md Humayun Kabir , Khan Md Manir Hossain , Sultana Mahmuda , Munira Serajoom
Published: November 2017

Introduction: Bedside teaching is the core teaching strategy in the clinical study in undergraduate medical education of Bangladesh. Many of the environments and opportunities available for bedside teaching and learning have changed. Students’ views about current status of bed side teaching in Obstetrics and Gynaecology was studied in this study.Methodology: This was a cross sectional study conducted in seven (three public and four private) medical colleges in Bangladesh from July 2012 to June 2013. A total 578, 5th year MBBS students were enrolled who have completed at least 15 days of bedside teaching in Obstetrics and Gynaecology department. A self-administered structured questionnaire (Annex 1) with a five point Likert scale (1- strongly disagree, 5-strongly agree) was used for obtaining information from the students. The questionnaire had four main sections- physical environment of bedside sessions, issues regarding patient’s comfort and attitude towards patient, teaching tasks, group dynamics and there was a space to write any other comments. Each section had a number of items and total 25 items were observed. For each variable frequency distribution, mean score and standard deviation (SD) were calculated. Here mean score 5- no need of further improvement, as it covered all the required criteria, 4 to <5- very minimum effort, 3 to <4- some effort, 2 to <3= moderate effort, 1to <2= considerable efforts are needed to fulfill the required criteria.Result: The overall mean score on physical environment factors was 2.75(.44), issues regarding patient’s comfort and attitude toward patient was 3.74(.48), teaching tasks was 3.12(.45) and group dynamics was 3.08(.21).Conclusion: In all aspects of bed side teaching minimum to moderate efforts are necessary to make it more effective. The administrators and teachers should ensure comfortable physical environment in bedside teaching and must learn how to involve patients and learners in the educational process. So along with training on general principles of teaching, the clinical teachers should be provided with special training on bedside teaching skills.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2017; 35(4): 163-169
Subcutaneous Fat Necrosis of the Newborn: A Case Report
Authors: Sultana Jesmin , Yasmeen Sabina , Nazme Nure Ishrat , Md Moslem Mir Hasan , Haque Zaberul SM , Fatema Nurun Nahar
Published: November 2017

We report a case of Subcutaneous Fat Necrosis (SCFN) of a newborn which is an uncommon disorder, occurs during the first year of life, and has been attributed to perinatal stress. SCFN usually has a favorable prognosis, with complete autoresolution of subcutaneous lesions within several weeks or months, but it may also be complicated by serious metabolic alterations such as hypercalcemia.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2017; 35(4): 192-195
Antimicrobial Activity of Bee Venom and Melittin against Borrelia burgdorferi
Authors: Socarras Kayla , Theophilus Priyanka , Torres Jason , Gupta Khusali , Sapi Eva
Published: November 2017

Lyme disease is a tick-borne, multi-systemic disease, caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi. Though antibiotics are used as a primary treatment, relapse often occurs after the discontinuation of antimicrobial agents. The reason for relapse remains unknown, however previous studies suggest the possible presence of antibiotic resistant Borrelia round bodies, persisters and attached biofilm forms. Thus, there is an urgent need to find antimicrobial agents suitable to eliminate all known forms of B. burgdorferi. In this study, natural antimicrobial agents such as Apis mellifera venom and a known component, melittin, were tested using SYBR Green I/PI, direct cell counting, biofilm assays combined with LIVE/DEAD and atomic force microscopy methods. The obtained results were compared to standalone and combinations of antibiotics such as Doxycycline, Cefoperazone, Daptomycin, which were recently found to be effective against Borrelia persisters. Our findings showed that both bee venom and melittin had significant effects on all the tested forms of B. burgdorferi. In contrast, the control antibiotics when used individually or even in combinations had limited effects on the attached biofilm form. These findings strongly suggest that whole bee venom or melittin could be effective antimicrobial agents for B. burgdorferi; however, further research is necessary to evaluate their effectiveness in vivo, as well as their safe and effective delivery method for their therapeutic use.
Differential Effects of Superoxide Dismutase Mimetics after Mechanical Overload of Articular Cartilage
Authors: Coleman Mitchell , Brouillette Marc , Andresen Nicholas , Oberley-Deegan Rebecca , Martin James
Published: November 2017

Post-traumatic osteoarthritis can develop as a result of the initial mechanical impact causing the injury and also as a result of chronic changes in mechanical loading of the joint. Aberrant mechanical loading initiates excessive production of reactive oxygen species, oxidative damage, and stress that appears to damage mitochondria in the surviving chondrocytes. To probe the benefits of increasing superoxide removal with small molecular weight superoxide dismutase mimetics under severe loads, we applied both impact and overload injury scenarios to bovine osteochondral explants using characterized mechanical platforms with and without GC4403, MnTE-2-PyP, and MnTnBuOE-2-PyP. In impact scenarios, each of these mimetics provides some dose-dependent protection from cell death and loss of mitochondrial content while in repeated overloading scenarios only MnTnBuOE-2-PyP provided a clear benefit to chondrocytes. These results support the hypothesis that superoxide is generated in excess after impact injuries and suggest that superoxide production within the lipid compartment may be a critical mediator of responses to chronic overload. This is an important nuance distinguishing roles of superoxide, and thus superoxide dismutases, in mediating damage to cellular machinery in hyper-acute impact scenarios compared to chronic scenarios.
A New Online Secondary Path Modeling Method with An Auxiliary Noise Power Scheduling Strategy for Narrowband Active Noise Control Systems
Authors: Sun Chao , Liu Yuqi , Bo Zhong , Jiang Shouda
Published: November 2017

In recent years, the online secondary path modeling (SPM) method with an auxiliary noise power scheduling strategy has been crucial for active noise control (ANC) systems and has also become a popular research topic. However, most scheduling strategies have been designed for broadband active noise control (BANC), and these ideas may not be directly applied to narrowband active noise control (NANC) systems due to the difference in structure between BANC and NANC systems. In this paper, a new online SPM method with auxiliary noise power scheduling is proposed. Here, the controlled system is adapted using the filtered-x weighted accumulated least mean square (FXWALMS) algorithm proposed by the authors. Moreover, the auxiliary noise power is scheduled based on the convergence status of the forgetting factor to accurately track the change in the NANC system. As a result, the proposed method not only achieves good modeling accuracy and fast convergence but also considerably increases noise attenuation. Extensive simulations are conducted to prove the superior performance of the proposed method in various scenarios.
The Role of Anti-Thymocyte Globulin or Alemtuzumab-Based Serotherapy in the Prophylaxis and Management of Graft-Versus-Host Disease
Authors: Ali Robert , Ramdial Jeremy , Algaze Sandra , Beitinjaneh Amer
Published: November 2017

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant is an established treatment modality for hematologic and non-hematologic diseases. However, it is associated with acute and long-term sequelae which can translate into mortality. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) remains a glaring obstacle, especially with the advent of reduced-intensity conditioning. Serotherapy capitalizes on antibodies which target T cells and other immune cells to mitigate this effect. This article focuses on the utility of two such agents: anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) and alemtuzumab. ATG has demonstrated benefit in prophylaxis against GVHD, especially in the chronic presentation. However, there is limited impact of ATG on overall survival and it has little utility in the treatment context. There may be an initial improvement, particularly in skin manifestations, but no substantial benefit has been elicited. Alemtuzumab has shown benefit in both prophylaxis and treatment of GVHD, but at the consequence of a more profound immunosuppressive phase, mandating aggressive viral prophylaxis. There remains heterogeneity in the doses and regimens of the agents, with no standardized protocol in place. Furthermore, it seems that once steroid-refractory GVHD has been established, there is little that can be offered to offset the ultimately dismal outcome. Here we present a systematic overview of ATG- or alemtuzumab-based serotherapy in the prophylaxis and management of GVHD.
Telomere Shortening in Hematological Malignancies with Tetraploidization—A Mechanism for Chromosomal Instability?
Authors: Kjeldsen Eigil
Published: November 2017

Aneuploidy, the presence of an abnormal number of chromosomes in a cell, is one of the most obvious differences between normal and cancer cells. There is, however, debate on how aneuploid cells arise and whether or not they are a cause or a consequence of tumorigenesis. Further, it is important to distinguish aneuploidy (the “state” of the karyotype) from chromosomal instability (CIN; the “rate” of karyotypic change). Although CIN leads to aneuploidy, not all aneuploid cells exhibit CIN. One proposed route to aneuploid cells is through an unstable tetraploid intermediate because tetraploidy promotes chromosomal aberrations and tumorigenesis. Tetraploidy or near-tetraploidy (T/NT) (81–103 chromosomes) karyotypes with or without additional structural abnormalities have been reported in acute leukemia, T-cell and B-cell lymphomas, and solid tumors. In solid tumors it has been shown that tetraploidization can occur in response to loss of telomere protection in the early stages of tumorigenesis in colon cancer, Barrett’s esophagus, and breast and cervical cancers. In hematological malignancies T/NT karyotypes are rare and the role of telomere dysfunction for the induction of tetraploidization is less well characterized. To further our understanding of possible telomere dysfunction as a mechanism for tetrapolydization in hematological cancers we here characterized the chromosomal complement and measured the telomere content by interphase nuclei quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (iQFISH) in seven hematological cancer patients with T/NT karyotypes, and after cytogenetic remission. The patients were identified after a search in our local cytogenetic registry in the 5-year period between June 2012 and May 2017 among more than 12,000 analyzed adult patients in this period. One advantage of measuring telomere content by iQFISH is that it is a single-cell analysis so that the telomere content can be distinguished between normal karyotype cells and cells with T/NT karyotypes. We find that the telomeres are particularly short in cells with T/NT karyotypes as compared with normal cells, and in T/NT karyotypes harboring additional chromosomal aberrations as well. These findings suggest that telomere dysfunction in hematological malignancies may be a mechanism for tetraploidization and CIN.
Maximum Correntropy Criterion Kalman Filter for α-Jerk Tracking Model with Non-Gaussian Noise
Authors: Hou Bowen , He Zhangming , Zhou Xuanying , Zhou Haiyin , Li Dong , Wang Jiongqi
Published: November 2017

As one of the most critical issues for target track,

α

-jerk model is an effective maneuver target track model. Non-Gaussian noises always exist in the track process, which usually lead to inconsistency and divergence of the track filter. A novel Kalman filter is derived and applied on

α

-jerk tracking model to handle non-Gaussian noise. The weighted least square solution is presented and the standard Kalman filter is deduced firstly. A novel Kalman filter with the weighted least square based on the maximum correntropy criterion is deduced. The robustness of the maximum correntropy criterion is also analyzed with the influence function and compared with the Huber-based filter, and, moreover, the kernel size of Gaussian kernel plays an important role in the filter algorithm. A new adaptive kernel method is proposed in this paper to adjust the parameter in real time. Finally, simulation results indicate the validity and the efficiency of the proposed filter. The comparison study shows that the proposed filter can significantly reduce the noise influence for

α

-jerk model.
A Pattern-Reconfigurable Slot Antenna for IoT Network Concentrators
Authors: Trinh Le , Le Trong , Staraj Robert , Ferrero Fabien , Lizzi Leonardo
Published: November 2017

In this paper, a directional pattern-reconfigurable slot antenna at 2.4 GHz is presented. The antenna can provide three evenly-separated directional patterns and one omnidirectional pattern. The proposed solution is fully suitable for the integration in Internet of things (IoT) network base stations to increase the communication range and reduce packet collisions. The performance of the proposed antenna is numerically and experimentally assessed.
A New Control-Oriented Semi-Empirical Approach to Predict Engine-Out NOx Emissions in a Euro VI 3.0 L Diesel Engine
Authors: Finesso Roberto , Hardy Gilles , Maino Claudio , Marello Omar , Spessa Ezio
Published: November 2017

The present study is focused on the development of a new control-oriented semi-empirical model to predict nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions in a light-duty diesel engine under both steady-state and transient conditions. The model is based on the estimation of the deviations of NOx emissions, with respect to the nominal engine-calibration map values, as a function of the deviations of the intake oxygen concentration and of the combustion phasing. The model also takes into account the effects of engine speed, total injected quantity, and ambient temperature and humidity. The approach has been developed and assessed on an Fiat Powertrain Technologies (FPT) Euro VI 3.0 L diesel engine for light-duty applications, in the frame of a research project in collaboration with FPT Industrial. The model has also been tested on a rapid prototyping device, and it was shown that it requires a very short computational time, thus being suitable for implementation on the Engine Control Unit (ECU) for real-time NOx control tasks.
Geochemical Tracing of Potential Hydraulic Connections between Groundwater and Run-Off Water in Northeastern Kansas, USA
Authors: Clauer Norbert , Techer Isabelle , Chaudhuri Sam
Published: November 2017

This study is focused on establishing the extent of potential hydraulic connections of local lowland aquifers with the run-off waters of a nearby creek and two major rivers in and around Fort Riley in northeastern Kansas, USA. It is based on collective evidence by combining the contents of several major and trace elements of the waters with their oxygen, hydrogen and Sr isotopic compositions. The area of investigation is located a few miles to the west of the Kansas Konza Prairie, which is a United States designated site for regular monitoring of ecological and environmental configurations. The δ18O and δD of the run-off waters from the two rivers and the creek, and of the ground waters from local aquifers are almost identical. Relative to the General Meteoric Water Line, the δ18O-δD data have a tendency to deviate towards relatively lower δ18O values, as do generally the sub-surface waters of intra-continental basins. The observed stable isotope compositions for these waters preclude any significant impact by either an evapo-transpiration process by the vegetation, or an interaction with immediate mineral-rock matrices. The 87Sr/86Sr ratios of the aquifer waters collected from wells close to the Kansas River were markedly different from those of the river waters, confirming a lack of hydraulic interactions between the aquifers and the river. On the contrary, ground waters from wells at a relative distance from the Kansas River have 87Sr/86Sr ratios, Sr contents and Sr/Ca ratios that are similar to those of the river water, suggesting a hydraulic connection between these aquifers and the river, as well as a lack of any impact of the vegetation. An underground water supply from nearby Summer Hill located to the north of the study area has also been detected, except for its western border where no interactions occurred apparently between the aquifer waters and the reservoir rocks, or with the creek and river waters. The 87Sr/86Sr signatures of the ground waters suggest also a major east-west flow system in the study area that can be divided into three entities, together with a supplementary north-south trend along the Threemile creek towards the Kansas River.
Effect of CaO on NOx Reduction by Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction under Variable Gas Compositions in a Simulated Cement Precalciner Atmosphere
Authors: Sun Ye , Fan Weiyi , Zhu Tianle , Hong Xiaowei
Published: November 2017

High-concentration CaO particles and gas compositions have a significant influence on NOx reduction by selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) in cement precalciners. The effect of gas composition on NOx reduction by SNCR with NH3 was studied in a cement precalciner atmosphere with and without CaO at 700–1100 °C. It was found that CaO significantly lowers NOx reduction efficiency between 750 °C and 1000 °C, which is attributed to the catalytic oxidation of NH3 to NO. Although increasing NH3 concentration was advantageous to NOx reduction, the existence of CaO led to the opposite result at 750–900 °C. Adding H2O can suppress the negative effect of CaO on NOx reduction. Decreasing O2 content from 10% to 1% shifts the temperature range in which CaO has a significant effect from 750–1000 °C to 800–1050 °C. CO has a variety of influences on the CaO effect under different experimental conditions. The influences of NH3, H2O, O2, and CO on the effect of CaO can be attributed to the impacts of the gas compositions on gas-phase NH3 conversion, gas-solid catalytic NH3 oxidation, or both processes. A proposed pathway for the effect of gas compositions on NOx reduction in CaO-containing SNCR process was developed that well predicted the CaO-containing SNCR process.
The Role of China in the UK Relative Imports from Three Selected Trading Regions: The Case of Textile Raw Material Industry
Authors: Xu Junqian
Published: November 2017

The UK textile industry was very prosperous in the past but in the 1970s Britain started to import textile materials from abroad. Since 1990, half of its textile materials have been imported from the EEA (European Economic Area), ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) and North America countries. Meanwhile, UK imports from China have increased dramatically. Through comparisons, this paper calculates the trade competitiveness index and relative competitive advantages of regions and investigates the impact of Chinese textiles on UK imports from three key free trade regions across the textile sectors in the period 1990–2016 on the basis of United Nation Comtrade Rev. 3. We find that China’s textile prices, product techniques, political trade barriers and even tax system have made a varied impact on the UK’s imports across related sectors in the context of green trade and the strengthening of barriers, which helps us recognize China’s competitiveness in international trading and also provides advice on China’s sustainable development of textile exports.
Microbial Risk Assessment of Tidal−Induced Urban Flooding in Can Tho City (Mekong Delta, Vietnam)
Authors: Nguyen Hong Quan , Huynh Thi Thao Nguyen , Pathirana Assela , Van der Steen Peter
Published: November 2017

Public health risks from urban flooding are a global concern. Contaminated floodwater may expose residents living in cities as they are in direct contact with the water. However, the recent literature does not provide much information about this issue, especially for developing countries. In this paper, the health risk due to a flood event occurred in Can Tho City (Mekong Delta, Vietnam) on 7 October 2013 was investigated. The Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment method was used in this study. The data showed that the pathogen concentrations were highly variable during the flood event and exceeded water standards for surface water. Per 10,000 people in contact with the floodwater, we found Salmonella caused the highest number of infections to adults and children (137 and 374, respectively), while E. coli caused 4 and 12 cases, per single event, respectively. The results show that further investigations on health risk related to flood issues in Can Tho City are required, especially because of climate change and urbanization. In addition, activities to raise awareness- about floods, e.g., “living with floods”, in the Mekong Delta should also consider health risk issues.
Machine Learning Techniques for Modelling Short Term Land-Use Change
Authors: Samardžić-Petrović Mileva , Kovačević Miloš , Bajat Branislav , Dragićević Suzana
Published: November 2017

The representation of land use change (LUC) is often achieved by using data-driven methods that include machine learning (ML) techniques. The main objectives of this research study are to implement three ML techniques, Decision Trees (DT), Neural Networks (NN), and Support Vector Machines (SVM) for LUC modeling, in order to compare these three ML techniques and to find the appropriate data representation. The ML techniques are applied on the case study of LUC in three municipalities of the City of Belgrade, the Republic of Serbia, using historical geospatial data sets and considering nine land use classes. The ML models were built and assessed using two different time intervals. The information gain ranking technique and the recursive attribute elimination procedure were implemented to find the most informative attributes that were related to LUC in the study area. The results indicate that all three ML techniques can be used effectively for short-term forecasting of LUC, but the SVM achieved the highest agreement of predicted changes.
Identification and Characterization of Hyphantria cunea Aminopeptidase N as a Binding Protein of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab35 Toxin
Authors: Zhang Yakun , Zhao Dan , Yan Xiaoping , Guo Wei , Bao Yajun , Wang Wei , Wang Xiaoyun
Published: November 2017

The fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea (Drury) is a major invasive pest in China. Aminopeptidase N (APN) isoforms in lepidopteran larvae midguts are known for their involvement in the mode of action of insecticidal crystal (Cry) proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis. In the present work, we identified a putative Cry1Ab toxin-binding protein, an APN isoform designated HcAPN3, in the midgut of H. cunea by ligand blot and mass spectrometry. HcAPN3 was highly expressed throughout all larval developmental stages and was abundant in the midgut and hindgut tissues. HcAPN3 was down-regulated at 6 h, then was up-regulated significantly at 12 h and 24 h after Cry1Ab toxin treatment. We expressed HcAPN3 in insect cells and detected its interaction with Cry1Ab toxin by ligand blot assays. Furthermore, RNA interference (RNAi) against HcAPN3 using oral delivery and injection of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) resulted in a 61–66% decrease in transcript level. Down-regulating of the expression of HcAPN3 was closely associated with reduced susceptibility of H. cunea to Cry1Ab. In addition, the HcAPN3E fragment peptide expressed in Escherichia coli enhanced Cry1Ab toxicity against H. cunea larvae. This work represents the first evidence to suggest that an APN in H. cunea is a putative binding protein involved in Cry1Ab susceptibility.
Aptamers and Glioblastoma: Their Potential Use for Imaging and Therapeutic Applications
Authors: Hays Emma , Duan Wei , Shigdar Sarah
Published: November 2017

Glioblastoma is a highly aggressive primary brain tumour, renowned for its infiltrative growth and varied genetic profiles. The current treatment options are insufficient, and their off-target effects greatly reduce patient quality of life. The major challenge in improving glioblastoma diagnosis and treatment involves the development of a targeted imaging and drug delivery platform, capable of circumventing the blood brain barrier and specifically targeting glioblastoma tumours. The unique properties of aptamers demonstrate their capability of bridging the gap to the development of successful diagnosis and treatment options, where antibodies have previously failed. Aptamers possess many characteristics that make them an ideal novel imaging and therapeutic agent for the treatment of glioblastoma and other brain malignancies, and are likely to provide patients with a better standard of care and improved quality of life. Their target sensitivity, selective nature, ease of modification and low immunogenicity make them an ideal drug-delivery platform. This review article summarises the aptamers previously generated against glioblastoma cells or its identified biomarkers, and their potential application in diagnosis and therapeutic targeting of glioblastoma tumours.
Acute Myeloid Leukaemia: New Targets and Therapies
Authors: Brown Geoffrey , Marcinkowska Ewa
Published: November 2017

The most common acute hematological malignancy in adults is acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), accounting for more than 80% of cases in patients over 60 years of age [...]
Three New Malyngamides from the Marine Cyanobacterium Moorea producens
Authors: Sueyoshi Kosuke , Yamano Aki , Ozaki Kaori , Sumimoto Shimpei , Iwasaki Arihiro , Suenaga Kiyotake , Teruya Toshiaki
Published: November 2017

Three new compounds of the malyngamide series, 6,8-di-O-acetylmalyngamide 2 (1), 6-O-acetylmalyngamide 2 (2), and N-demethyl-isomalyngamide I (3), were isolated from the marine cyanobacterium Moorea producens. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis and chemical derivatization and degradation. These compounds stimulated glucose uptake in cultured L6 myotubes. In particular, 6,8-di-O-acetylmalyngamide 2 (1) showed potent activity and activated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK).
Synthesis and Properties of a Novel Environmental Epoxidized Glycidyl Ester of Ricinoleic Acetic Ester Plasticizer for Poly(vinyl chloride)
Authors: Chen Jie , Li Ke , Wang Yigang , Huang Jinrui , Nie Xiaoan , Jiang Jianchun
Published: November 2017

A novel renewable plasticizer based on castor oil, epoxidized glycidyl ester of ricinoleic acetic ester (EGERAE), was synthesized and applied into Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) for the first time. Its molecular structure was characterized by FT-IR and 1H NMR. The effects of replacement of petroleum-based commercial plasticizer dioctyl phthalate (DOP) with EGERAE in poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) films were researched. Thermal stability, dynamic mechanical property and mechanical properties of PVC films were investigated with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and tensile tests. The results indicated that this castor oil-based plasticizer was able to improve the thermal stability of PVC blends when partially of completely substituting for DOP. Furthermore, EGERAE endowed PVC resin with enhanced flexibility. In addition, the exudation, volatility and extraction resistance characteristics of plasticizers were researched. The degradation mechanism and possible interaction between EGERAE and PVC molecules in the plasticized system were also investigated.
A Dependable Localization Algorithm for Survivable Belt-Type Sensor Networks
Authors: Zhu Mingqiang , Song Fei , Xu Lei , Seo Jung , You Ilsun
Published: November 2017

As the key element, sensor networks are widely investigated by the Internet of Things (IoT) community. When massive numbers of devices are well connected, malicious attackers may deliberately propagate fake position information to confuse the ordinary users and lower the network survivability in belt-type situation. However, most existing positioning solutions only focus on the algorithm accuracy and do not consider any security aspects. In this paper, we propose a comprehensive scheme for node localization protection, which aims to improve the energy-efficient, reliability and accuracy. To handle the unbalanced resource consumption, a node deployment mechanism is presented to satisfy the energy balancing strategy in resource-constrained scenarios. According to cooperation localization theory and network connection property, the parameter estimation model is established. To achieve reliable estimations and eliminate large errors, an improved localization algorithm is created based on modified average hop distances. In order to further improve the algorithms, the node positioning accuracy is enhanced by using the steepest descent method. The experimental simulations illustrate the performance of new scheme can meet the previous targets. The results also demonstrate that it improves the belt-type sensor networks’ survivability, in terms of anti-interference, network energy saving, etc.
Silver Nanoparticle Modified Electrode Covered by Graphene Oxide for the Enhanced Electrochemical Detection of Dopamine
Authors: Shin Jae-Wook , Kim Kyeong-Jun , Yoon Jinho , Jo Jinhee , El-Said Waleed Ahmed , Choi Jeong-Woo
Published: November 2017

Several neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease have become a serious impediment to aging people nowadays. One of the efficient methods used to monitor these neurological disorders is the detection of neurotransmitters such as dopamine. Metal materials, such as gold and platinum, are widely used in this electrochemical detection method; however, low sensitivity and linearity at low dopamine concentrations limit the use of these materials. To overcome these limitations, a silver nanoparticle (SNP) modified electrode covered by graphene oxide for the detection of dopamine was newly developed in this study. For the first time, the surface of an indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode was modified using SNPs and graphene oxide sequentially through the electrochemical deposition method. The developed biosensor provided electrochemical signal enhancement at low dopamine concentrations in comparison with previous biosensors. Therefore, our newly developed SNP modified electrode covered by graphene oxide can be used to monitor neurological diseases through electrochemical signal enhancement at low dopamine concentrations.
Modeling of Sensor Placement Strategy for Shape Sensing and Structural Health Monitoring of a Wing-Shaped Sandwich Panel Using Inverse Finite Element Method
Authors: Kefal Adnan , Yildiz Mehmet
Published: November 2017

This paper investigated the effect of sensor density and alignment for three-dimensional shape sensing of an airplane-wing-shaped thick panel subjected to three different loading conditions, i.e., bending, torsion, and membrane loads. For shape sensing analysis of the panel, the Inverse Finite Element Method (iFEM) was used together with the Refined Zigzag Theory (RZT), in order to enable accurate predictions for transverse deflection and through-the-thickness variation of interfacial displacements. In this study, the iFEM-RZT algorithm is implemented by utilizing a novel three-node C°-continuous inverse-shell element, known as i3-RZT. The discrete strain data is generated numerically through performing a high-fidelity finite element analysis on the wing-shaped panel. This numerical strain data represents experimental strain readings obtained from surface patched strain gauges or embedded fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors. Three different sensor placement configurations with varying density and alignment of strain data were examined and their corresponding displacement contours were compared with those of reference solutions. The results indicate that a sparse distribution of FBG sensors (uniaxial strain measurements), aligned in only the longitudinal direction, is sufficient for predicting accurate full-field membrane and bending responses (deformed shapes) of the panel, including a true zigzag representation of interfacial displacements. On the other hand, a sparse deployment of strain rosettes (triaxial strain measurements) is essentially enough to produce torsion shapes that are as accurate as those of predicted by a dense sensor placement configuration. Hence, the potential applicability and practical aspects of i3-RZT/iFEM methodology is proven for three-dimensional shape-sensing of future aerospace structures.
A Sensitive and Stable Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor Based on Monolayer Protected Silver Film
Authors: Wang Guiqiang , Wang Chunnan , Yang Rui , Liu Wenlan , Sun Shuqing
Published: November 2017

In this paper, we present a stable silver-based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor using a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) as a protection layer and investigated its efficiency in water and 0.01 M phosphate buffered saline (PBS). By simulation, silver-based SPR sensor has a better performance in field enhancement and penetration depth than that of a gold-based SPR sensor, which are 5 and 1.4 times, respectively. To overcome the instability of the bare silver film and investigate the efficiency of the protected layer, the SAM of 11-mercapto-1-undecanol (MUD) was used as a protection layer. Stability experiment results show that the protected silver film exhibited excellent stability either in pure water or 0.01 M PBS buffer. The sensitivity of the silver-based SPR sensor was calculated to be 127.26 deg/RIU (refractive index unit), measured with different concentrations of NaCl solutions. Further, a very high refractive resolution for the silver-based SPR sensor was found to be 2.207 × 10−7 RIU, which reaches the theoretical limit in the wavelength of 632.8 nm for a SPR sensor reported in the literature. Using a mixed SAM of 16-mercaptohexadecanoic acid (MHDA) and a MUD layer with a ratio of 1:10, this immunosensor for the rabbit immunoglobulin G (IgG) molecule with a limit of detection as low as 22.516 ng/mL was achieved.
Implications for Planetary System Formation from Interstellar Object 1I/2017 U1 (‘Oumuamua)
Authors: Trilling David E. , Robinson Tyler , Roegge Alissa , Chandler Colin Orion , Smith Nathan , Loeffler Mark , Trujillo Chad , Navarro-Meza Samuel , Glaspie Lori M.
Published: November 2017

The recently discovered minor body 1I/2017 U1 (‘Oumuamua) is the first known object in our solar system that is not bound by the Sun’s gravity. Its hyperbolic orbit (eccentricity greater than unity) strongly suggests that it originated outside our solar system; its red color is consistent with substantial space weathering experienced over a long interstellar journey. We carry out a simple calculation of the probability of detecting such an object. We find that the observed detection rate of 1I-like objects can be satisfied if the average mass of ejected material from nearby stars during the process of planetary formation is ∼20 Earth masses, similar to the expected value for our solar system. The current detection rate of such interstellar interlopers is estimated to be 0.2 yr−1, and the expected number of detections over the past few years is almost exactly one. When the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope begins its wide, fast, deep all-sky survey, the detection rate will increase to 1 yr−1. Those expected detections will provide further constraints on nearby planetary system formation through a better estimate of the number and properties of interstellar objects.
Du rappeur américain à l’ingénieur criticien. Ascension sociale et structuration des idéaux
Authors: Dejours Roxane
Published: November 2017

À partir de l’exposé du cas d’un préparationnaire préparant les concours d’entrée dans les grandes écoles, l’auteur questionne les liens entre le parcours scolaire et la structuration des idéaux. Plus précisément, elle propose d’envisager l’hypothèse que les fantasmes haineux et destructeurs mis au jour par les épreuves projectives puissent être alimentés par le décalage entre les revendications d’un moi idéal tyrannique et la réalité sociale dans laquelle cet étudiant évolue depuis son enfance. Dans cette perspective, l’accession à une position sociale valorisée pourrait participer, via la mise en œuvre du processus sublimatoire, de la mise au travail de la violence interne et de la conjuration du risque de désorganisation psychique.