bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Parental belief in ‘healthy risk’ lead to fewer child accidents and injuries: fact or fiction?
Authors: Marryat Louise , Frank John
Published: June 2018

There has been a substantial amount of debate around the role of parental risk aversity in children's health and wellbeing, with results suggesting that, whilst in the short-term, parents may ensure their children's safety, in the longer-term, children's psychological well-being may be compromised, and a lack of activity may result in a range of other poorer outcomes (Little and Wyver, 2008). Whilst some approaches to risk can be seen as extreme, there appears to be a role for healthy, positive risk in parenting (Bundy et al., 2009). Studies to date in this area have mostly comprised a mixture of survey and observational data, with little evidence on the relationship between parental risk aversity and child outcomes, such as accidents and injuries.

The current study explores these associations, using data exploring parental perceptions of risk, taken at ages 3 and 5, from the Growing Up in Scotland birth cohort study, linked with administrative hospital data about child accidents and injuries up to age 11. This paper will investigate results on associations between parental perceptions of risk, and child accidents and injuries, as well as exploring whether these impacts change through early to middle childhood, and whether they differ by socio-economic classification.
The island effect: a sociospatial theory of health.
Authors: Halliday Kathryn
Published: June 2018

BackgroundBirthweights are found to be significantly greater on Scottish islands compared to mainland Scotland. This ’island effect’ remains even after adjusting for numerous confounding factors (e.g. ethnicity, socioeconomic factors, smoking, pollutants) that dissolve any significant correlation between locations of varying degrees of rurality and birthweight on the mainland. An unexplored factor is therefore indicated to be conferring a protective advantage for maternal/foetal health on the islands.

ObjectivesMy (PhD) project intends to investigate the island effect. Its dominant discourse will concern the social worlds derived from living in communities of such unique physical geography, most notably the islands’ remoteness. I am interested in how the physical and social character of island communities is distinguishable from those on the mainland and may consequently advantage maternal and foetal health via mediating psychosocial mechanisms.

MethodsI have recruited a mixed-methods approach. A quantitative phase will use R coding software to analyse a number of administrative datasets linked to census data obtained from the Scottish Longitudinal Study. Secondly, a more qualitative fieldwork phase will apply immersive, interview and participant observation techniques on three of the islands (Skye, N.Uist, Shetland) in order to enhance the project’s overall insights and subsequent conclusions.

FindingsThis project is pending. Currently in its first of three years allocated for completion, there are no significant outputs to date.

ConclusionsIt is hypothesised that the islands’ physical circumstances may scaffold particular social values and practices that enhance psychosocial benefits gained from greater informational, instrumental, and emotional support that together comprise greater social capital. If this is the case, the project will illustrate the role and importance of place as socially experienced, with meaningful effects upon psychological and (thereby) physical health outcomes.
The relationship between General Practice metrics of multi-morbidity and secondary healthcare utilisation in Wales, UK
Authors: Lyons Jane , Lyons Ronan , Berridge Damon , Akbari Ashley
Published: June 2018

ObjectivesMulti-morbidity and polypharmacy are increasing and interrelated phenomena but are poorly understood. The aim of this study is to contribute to the understanding of these issues, measure the changing prevalence’s of multimorbidity/ polypharmacy and explore the relationship between multimorbidity as recorded in primary care and the use of outpatient services.

MethodsThe Secure Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) Databank facilitated linkage techniques to create population based e-cohorts of de-identified Welsh residents. Individuals were registered to a SAIL providing General Practice (GP) for at least 360 days in 2000 and 2014. Categories of morbidity were created using the 13 Read drug code chapters. In an initial cross sectional exploratory analysis proportional odds and cumulative logit models were used to relate GP recorded morbidities to outpatient attendance patterns in the same year.

FindingsThe GP e-cohorts included 1.6 million (2000) and 2.1 million (2001) people, with 56.6% and 73.4% having ≥1 recorded morbidity for 2000 and 2014, respectively. In 2014, groups with 5+ morbidities were most prevalent (61.3%) in 85+ year olds and least (2.7%) in 5-9 year olds. Some 35% of individuals attended ≥1 outpatient specialty in 2014; 22.4% in 5-9 year olds and 63.2% for 80-84 year olds.

Results from preliminary models showed the number of GP recorded morbidities was strongly related to increasing outpatient attendances at different specialties, OR=15.3 (95%CI:15.1-15.4) of being in a higher outpatient attendance category for the 5+ morbidity group relative to the zero morbidity group.

ConclusionPreliminary analysis has shown large increases in GP recorded multimorbidity across Wales over fifteen years and strong relationships and NHS service utilisation in cross-sectional analyses. Further work will include creating more refined definitions for multimorbidity metrics, linkage to hospital admission data, comparisons across healthcare settings and the development of longitudinal models.
Factors affecting Modern Apprenticeship completion rates in Scotland
Authors: Greig Malcolm
Published: June 2018

BackgroundCompleting an apprenticeship has been shown to be a critical to an individual’s future employment, earnings and career. International research, notably in England, Australia and Germany, has identified features of the apprentice, employer and training associated with completion. However there has been no comparable research in Scotland, which operates a distinct apprenticeship system. Access to longitudinal data on apprentices in Scotland provides a unique opportunity to examine this.

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to look at potential factors associated with successful apprenticeship completion. Specifically, to identify apprentices most likely to complete, those who may require additional support, and to pinpoint good practice in training provision that could help improve completion rates. The paper considers why some apprentices are more likely to complete and discusses policy implications for Scotland and beyond.

MethodsLogistic regression was conducted on administrative records of apprenticeship leavers in Scotland, covering 2007 to 2015. Altogether 78,952 leavers were analysed, consisting of 59,737 completers and 19,215 non-completers. This isolated the impact of each factor on the probability of completion holding other factors constant. This is the first time that extensive administrative data has been used to model apprenticeship completions in Scotland.

FindingsA positive relationship with completion was found for female apprentices and those from less deprived areas, although women were less likely to complete in certain subjects. Apprentices employed by a large employer, training with public sector organisations and in selected technical frameworks were also more likely to complete.

ConclusionsThis research suggests a number of factors that have a significant impact on the chances of completion. It identifies a need to support apprentices identified as most at risk of not completing, and to create an environment more conducive to completion in frameworks and industries where apprentices are more likely to drop out.
The composition of a linked database on administrative healthcare and employment data in Austria
Authors: Endel Florian , Holl Jürgen , Wagner-Pinter Michael
Published: June 2018

IntroductionIn Austria, healthcare and employment services are organized by different public entities. Therefore, administrative data are dispersed but share a common individual identifier. We present a linked dataset, matching individual information from both administrative ambits for Austria’s second largest province Lower Austria.

MethodsThe linkage procedure is based on a previously published proof of concept [Endel et al. 2016, European Journal of Epidemiology 31, p. S49, DOI:10.1007/s10654-016-0183-1], which is applied on a larger scale for the first time. Utilizing the established link, selected variables are extracted from the respective sources and are merged on a shared infrastructure per project, thus preserving a high level of data protection and privacy.

ResultsThe linked databases cover employment records from 2002 to 2016, including information on, e.g., earnings and education as well as claims data from the health insurance system for 2006 to 2011, including outpatient contacts, inpatient episodes, prescriptions and leaves of absence. Data quality analysis and an in-depth documentation of major characteristics such as diagnoses and medication are prepared.

ConclusionThe resulting matched database provides the foundation for studying the coherence of burden of disease, healthcare services, employment, and earnings for a large population for several years.
Mapping pediatric A&E respiratory presentations with air quality
Authors: Glackin Dermot
Published: June 2018

IntroductionWest Belfast Partnership Board undertook a collaborative public health investigation to explore what if any correlation exists between air quality and children from the Falls Divis area presenting to RBHSC with a respiratory condition.

BackgroundAn analysis of Emergency Department Attendances showed monthly trend in 2015/16 differed from previous years with a peak in November 2015 which was 27% higher than the number of attendances in November of 2014. The overall increase in 2015/16 across the 4 main paediatric categories was 10%. The increase for respiratory was 34% higher. West Belfast accounted for 32% (248n) of this spike.

There exists a compelling case for linkage between air quality and a range of conditions which is socially patterned. Falls and Divis area appears in the top 3 areas of multiple deprivation.

ApproachWe identified periods of elevated paediatric presentation at A&E with repository compliant and mapped over air quality monitoring data from the same period in the Falls Divis area; Factoring potential incubation time between exposure to potential harmful air pollutants.

ConclusionBased upon a review of air quality data no causal link was established between air quality and periods of elevated presentation of children at A&E with respiratory evident.
Implementación del aprendizaje basado en proyectos como herramienta en asignaturas de ingeniería aplicada / Implementation of project-based learning as a tool in applied engineering subjects
Authors: Rico Jiménez Blanca Alicia , Garay Jiménez Laura Ivoone , Ruiz Ledesma Elena Fabiola
Published: June 2018

Este trabajo aplica la metodología de enseñanza que tiene como sustento teórico el aprendizaje basado en proyectos (ABP) a una asignatura de ingeniería denominada Base de Datos, ya que se ha demostrado que las competencias colaborativas implicadas auxilian en la formación del estudiante. El uso de esta metodología, con base en la estrategia de aprendizaje para abordar problemáticas de la vida real de interés para el alumno, contribuye en el desarrollo profesional del ingeniero en formación. Una característica especial de la variante de ABP propuesta en esta investigación consiste en que la evaluación es continua y directamente aplicable a cada alumno que resuelve un problema con una aplicación práctica diferente. Otra diferencia es que, al desarrollar el proyecto a lo largo del semestre integrando los conocimientos adquiridos en forma gradual, a través de las 3 etapas, con retroalimentación constante, objetiva y sistemática, motiva al alumno a continuar con el proyecto. La planeación didáctica por parte del profesor considera actividades, resultados y rúbricas bien definidos, para después entrar en la primera etapa, que corresponde a la planeación del proyecto por parte del equipo e incluye tanto la determinación de los requerimientos, así como el diseño de la base de datos; la segunda etapa permite implementar la base de datos en un lenguaje adecuado, y, finalmente, la tercera etapa considera la integración de la base de datos y su manejo dentro del sistema de gestión. Los resultados del caso de estudio que se presentan corresponden al proceso de implementación ABP, a través de cada una de sus etapas, con un grupo de 30 estudiantes, en donde más del 80 % logró concluir su proyecto con un buen diseño, desarrollo e implementación, al cumplir con los requerimientos del sistema planteados. Esta estrategia les permitió a los estudiantes desarrollar habilidades de investigación, incrementando las capacidades de análisis y de síntesis y logrando una experiencia educativa motivada, con un alto índice de compromiso por parte de los involucrados para llegar al final.
SIMPLE METHOD FOR DIGITAL DATA RECORDING OF DAMPED OSCILLATIONS OF MECHANICAL PENDULUM
Authors: TODICA M. , POP C. V.
Published: June 2018

A simple method for digital data acquisition of low frequency damped oscillations of mechanical pendulum is proposed. The method use very simple equipment available in every didactic laboratory. It is intended for didactic purpose, but the method can be used for scientific investigations also.
CONFORMATIONAL SPACE AND ELECTRONIC ABSORPTION PROPERTIES OF THE TWO ISOMERS OF RESVERATROL
Authors: DOMOKOS Réka-Anita , CHIŞ V.
Published: June 2018

The present study analyses the trans and cis conformations of resveratrol, aiming to get clear experimental and computational evidences that can be used to differentiate between the two isomers. Three conformers for each isomer have been considered and their characteristic geometrical parameters, relative free energies, Boltzmann populations and electronic transitions have been calculated at B3LYP/6-31+G(2d,2p) level of theory in gas phase, as well as in water, ethanol and DMSO. The experimental UV-Vis spectra of the two isomers have been explained by using the time dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) formalism.
PHOTOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF PERYLENE MOLECULE
Authors: ŢIMBOLMAŞ Larisa Milena , CHIŞ V.
Published: June 2018

In this work we investigated computationally the photophysics of the perylene molecule using the time‐dependent Density Functional Theory (TD-DFT). Particularly, we were interested in the vertical emission energy and radiative fluorescence lifetime of the investigated molecule. Using adequate models and proper computational methodologies we were able to satisfactorily predict the experimentally reported photophysical properties of the perylene core.
Characteristics of Coal and Cleat Attributes in Ulak Lebar and Surroundings Area, Lahat Regency, South Sumatra
Authors: Rahmawati Mutia Armilia , Sari Siska Linda , Triyoga Alan , Wati Idar
Published: June 2018

The research conducted in Ulak Lebar Area, Lahat Regency, South Sumatra. The focus of this study is on the Muara Enim Formation as it is known as the main coal-bearing formation in South Sumatra Basin. The research is aimed to determine the characteristics of coal based on its physical properties, also knowing the cleat development at the coal seam in the research area. The methods used such as literature study, field observation and laboratory test. Field observations included the observations of coal megascopic appearance and cleat attributes analysis such as the measurements of cleat orientation, aperture, spacing and length. The analysis result of cleat at LP 2A and LP 2B shows a relatively similar such as spacing value ranged between 6 - 9 cm and 5.5 – 8.6 cm while the aperture value ranged from 0.05 - 0.2 cm, and 0.05 - 0.25 cm, whereas at LP 67 the spacing value ranged from 1.5 to 3.3 cm and the aperture valued between 0.1 - 0.3 cm. A rather significant difference between the cleat spacing values of LP 67 towards both previous observation stations is indicated by the geological processes occurred during the coalification process thus affected the development of cleats in coal, the geology structure control is characterized by a relatively large aperture and smaller spacing values. The laboratory test conducted is maceral analysis, shows the coal in the research area is dominantly composed of vitrinite (74,8%) and the vitrinite reflectance value is 0,40 indicating the coal classified as sub-bituminous rank.
Enamel defects during orthodontic treatment
Authors: Sarafopoulou Stavroula , Zafeiriadis Anastasios , Tsolakis Apostolos
Published: June 2018

Background/Aim: Orthodontic treatment has an inherent potential for causing defects to enamel in the course of bonding and debonding procedures, interproximal enamel stripping and induce the presence of white spot lesions, enamel discoloration or wear. The aim of this study is to present the stages of orthodontic therapy associated with potential damage to enamel and list the enamel alterations observed in each stage. Material and Methods: A literature search was carried out in MEDLINEPubMed database for papers published up to and including February 2015. Results: Enamel loss is induced by cleaning with abrasives before etching, the acid etching process itself, forcibly removing brackets, and mechanical removal of composite remnants with rotary instruments. Loss of enamel or topographic changes in the form of cracks, scarring and scratches may occur. Clinicians may cause structural damage of enamel by interproximal enamel stripping. Additionally, the enamel surface may become demineralized due to plaque accumulation around the orthodontic attachments. Additional complications are enamel color alterations due to its microstructural modifications or discoloration of adhesive remnants and enamel wear due to contact with the brackets of the opposing teeth. Conclusions: Therapeutic procedures performed in the course of orthodontic treatment may cause irreversible physical damage to the outermost enamel. To avoid this, the orthodontic practitioner should take great care in every stage of the treatment and manage the enamel surface conservatively. Moreover, patients should follow an effective oral hygiene regimen. Given these conditions enamel damage during orthodontic therapy is eliminated and longevity of the dentition is promoted.
Life history traits of Neretva roach Rutilus basak (Heckel, 1843) (Pisces, Cyprinidae): Biological and ecological contribution for biodiversity conservation of freshwater fish.
Authors: Tutman Pero , Matić-Skoko Sanja , Hamzić Adem , Dulčić Jakov , Glamuzina Branko
Published: June 2018

This paper is a review of the relevant scientific literature on the present status, distribution, habitat, ecological traits, population structure and threats of Neretva roach Rutilus basak (Heckel, 1843). The species inhabits a restricted area of the Adriatic Sea watershed in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The major threats are habitat loss caused by significant hydrological changes in the water regime in the area of distribution and the introduction of non-indigenous species. Still, R. basak is quite widespread and often abundant. Information brought together in this study will improve our knowledge about this species.
Identification and characterization of the fungus Dothiorella sarmentorum on necrotic shoots of declining ash in Slovakia
Authors: Ivanová Helena
Published: June 2018

Formerly, before the current Hymenoscyphus fraxineus epidemic, symptomatic ash twigs were habitually colonized by fungi occurring occasionally in the early stages of ash diseases. Some of these fungi are endophytes or facultative parasites. The segments of diseased shoots of the studied trees were collected from a seed orchard situated in southwest Slovakia. The frequently isolated fungus Dothiorella sarmentorum was identified microscopically and characterized with the aid of morphological keys. The disease symptoms comprise wood cankers, bud necrosis, and shoot and branch dieback displayed through bleached, necrotic or discoloured canes in infected trees. Despite the Dothiorella species has not yet been recognized to have significant economic consequences, the cumulative effects of various stressful biotic and abiotic factors may induce disorder and decline of ash trees in Slovakia.
Application of Doppler Radar for Wildlife Detection in Vegetation
Authors: Shapoval V. , Lev J. , Bartoška J. , Kumhála F.
Published: June 2018

The objective of this paper was to test the suitability of Doppler microwave radar for the detection of wild animals hidden in grassland in front of the harvester. The ability of Doppler radar HB100 sensor to detect a dog or a human person hidden behind different types of crops was tested in laboratory conditions. Relative movement between the radar and the observed object was secured by the assembly acting as mathematical pendulum. The radar always moved in front of different crop samples (arranged in two or one line). The dog or human person was situated behind the crop. In five out of seven cases, the sensor was able to detect the human person. Only in two out of seven cases, the sensor was able to detect the dog. Nevertheless, it can be concluded that microwave radar sensor can be a useful device for detection of wild animals in the crop. Next research is needed in order to better explain the influence of disturbing factors on the measurements.
Strength and deformation parameters of boulder clay to design of buildings at the margin of a moraine plateau in Warsaw
Authors: Rabarijoely Simon , Garbulewski Kazimierz
Published: June 2018

The selection of soil parameters suitable to the geotechnical design calculations is regarded widely as one of the most important and simultaneously difficult engineering task, which according to the Eurocode 7 standards should be undertaken into distinct three steps. The second of these steps, namely obtaining the characteristic values requires a careful and a cautions estimation with application of the statistical methods even by using a Bayesian approach as shown in this paper. This paper presents the process of selecting a characteristic strength and deformation parameters from CPT and DMT investigation for boulder clays discovered at the margin of a moraine plateau in Warsaw. This layer was chosen for foundations of design academic buildings. In the selection of the characteristic parameters with application of the numerical program BAYANAL the spatial distribution of strength and deformation properties was taken into account. Particular attention was focused to the affect resulting from in situ test locations at different distances from the design facilities. Finally, the remark conclusions were presented including opinion on the role of aims and spacing of investigation points in geotechnical designing.
Thực tiễn thi hành pháp luật về thương mại tại Việt Nam hiện nay dưới góc nhìn tham chiếu với yêu cầu của các hiệp định thương mại tự do (FTA) thế hệ mới
Authors: Nguyễn Trọng Điệp
Published: June 2018

Hiệp định tự do thương mại thế hệ mới với những bổ sung, tăng cường cam kết của các quốc gia trong vấn đề môi trường, lao động, sở hữu trí tuệ đã trở thành xu hướng hội nhập của các quốc gia hiện nay. Tuy nhiên, đặt trong bối cảnh Việt Nam đang đàm phán, ký kết và thực hiện các Hiệp định này với EU, Nhật Bản, CPTPP… pháp luật thương mại Việt Nam hiện nay lại đang tạo ra những rào cản cho quá trình thực hiện các cam kết khi những khái niệm cơ bản, quy định của Luật thương mại năm 2005 chưa đáp ứng được nội hàm các Hiệp định thế hệ mới này.
Effect of different nutraceuticals on phytochemical and mineral composition as well as medicinal properties of home made mixed vegetable pickles.
Authors: Hassan Qamar Ul , Sarfraz Raja Adil
Published: June 2018

The present study was carried out to check the effect of different nutraceuticals on antioxidant activity, total phenolic contents, total flavonoid contents, antidiabetic activity, sensory evaluation and heavy metals of mixed vegetable pickles. The results were indicated that the P3 pickle sample which contained six medicinal plant powders showed the highest antioxidant activity (87.56 ± 0.02%), total phenolic contents (77.12 ± 0.01 mg GAE/100 g), total flavonoid contents (14.67 ± 0.06 QE mg/g) and antidiabetic activity (IC50= 25.89 ± 0.07 µg/mL). The level of heavy metals was varied in all of the selected pickles but below permissible limit while according to consumer point of view all sample were accepted.
Antioxidant Properties of Various Parts Cissus quadrangularis L. in different solvents
Authors: P. Tamizhiniyan B. Sasi,
Published: June 2018

An important medicinal plant Cissus quadrangularis, belonging to the family Vitaceae was used in the present study to estimate antioxidant properties of different extract (root, stem, leaves and tendrils). Plant materials were collected from the village Ponnanthittu, Chidambaram Taluk, Cuddalore Dist, The antioxidant properties of the petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol extracts of Cissus quadrangularis were screened and results showed considerable antioxidants in all the extracts.
A SINGURALIDADE EM EMMANUEL MOUNIER E HANNAH ARENDT
Authors: Oliveira Luciano Paulo , Reis Edilberto Cavalcante
Published: June 2018

Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar a relação sobre a singularidade em Emmanuel Mounier (1905-1950) e Hannah Arendt (1906-1975). A forma que Mounier vai construir seu pensamento sobre os homens, será embasado numa perspectiva cristã, partindo da concepção bíblica que cada pessoa é criada à imagem de Deus e isso é o primeiro passo para a singularidade humana em Mounier. Já Arendt, vai conduzir sua compreensão do homem sobre duas diretrizes: a noção de ação política, que engloba o conceito de aparência, singularidade, dentre outros e também, no plano do pensamento, que é caracterizada pela vita contemplativa; essas duas categorias oferecem aos homens a possibilidade da singularidade, mas sempre dependerá da iniciativa particular do sujeito buscá-la. Portanto, o entendimento de homem dos demais pensadores, exaltam o ser pessoa, não sobre um aspecto individualista ou egoísta, mas, sobre a dimensão da dignidade de cada homem. A metodologia usada neste trabalho foi uma pesquisa qualitativa bibliográfica, das obras de Mounier e Arendt que correspondem ao tema e alguns comentadores que apoiaram o conteúdo desse texto.
NÍVEL DE ESTRESSE DOS CUIDADORES DE PACIENTES COM CÂNCER EM FASE TERMINAL
Authors: Silva Rakelle Kércia Nobre da , Lima Luana Cavalcante , Silva Thaís Nogueira , Lima Liene Ribeiro de , Lopes Barbara Brandão , Chaves Anne Fayma Lopes
Published: June 2018

O câncer devido a sua agressividade é desafiador não só para o paciente, mas também para os familiares e cuidadores. O cuidador é definido como uma pessoa que cuida de pacientes que estão numa fase difícil da vida, os quais podem manifestar sintomas físicos e psicológicos diante do cuidado com o paciente em sofrimento. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o nível de estresse dos cuidadores de pacientes com câncer em fase terminal. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, transversal, com abordagem quantitativa realizado nos domicílios dos pacientes acompanhados pela estratégia saúde da família do município de Morada Nova - CE no período de setembro a outubro de 2017. A população do estudo foi composta por 40 cuidadores de pacientes com câncer em fase terminal. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de uma entrevista na qual foi utilizado um formulário contendo dados sociodemográficos e o Teste de Lipp – Inventário de Sin-tomas de Stress para Adultos de Lipp. A pesquisa respeitou a resolução nº 466/2012 do Conselho Nacional de Saúde sendo aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em pesquisa sob parecer 2.371.540. Quanto aos níveis de estresse experimentado, foi constatado que a maioria estavam na fase de alarme (65%) nas últimas 24 horas apresentando insônia/dificuldade de dormir como a principal queixa. Na última semana a maioria encontrava-se na fase de exaustão (62,50%) sendo a sensibilidade emotiva excessiva o sintoma mais prevalente. No último mês a prevalência foi de cuidadores na fase de exaustão (70%), sendo mais citado a insônia e o pensamento constante. Recomenda-se implementação de ações e estratégias dos profissionais de saúde que sejam capazes de minimizar os fatores de estresse e promover qualidade de vida aos cuidadores.
TURISMO COMUNITARIO DE CORTE URBANO: PERSPECTIVAS PARA EL DESARROLLO DEL TURISMO CULTURAL, SUSTENTADO EN EL PATRIMONIO Y LA IDENTIDAD, EN EL CANTÓN LA LIBERTAD. PROVINCIA DE SANTA ELENA. ECUADOR.
Authors: López Reyes Erick , Colcha G. Lourdes
Published: June 2018

La noción de “comunitario” se asocia tradicionalmente al turismo para referirse a todo tipo de iniciativas de desarrollo, emprendimiento o innovación, que en este campo de la realidad y entramado social se suelen dar, como “alternativas productivas” en “comunidades rurales” poco favorecidas económicamente. Obviando así, reduccionistamente, toda la implicación y riqueza semántica del término. En la presente investigación se pretende recuperar dicha riqueza, la esencia medular de lo comunitario, aplicado y desarrollado desde los medios urbanos, vinculándolo a elementos que le son propios, tales como la identidad y la memoria, la historia, la cultura y el patrimonio arqueológico e histórico arquitectónico de dichos entornos. Como alternativas plenamente válidas, incluso altamente deseables, de articulación, equilibrio, innovación, diversificación y desarrollo turístico. Para ello se parte de las potencialidades que en estos campos presenta hoy por hoy la ciudad-cantón de La Libertad, provincia de Santa Elena. Ecuador.

Palabras clave: Comunitario, Comunidad Urbana, Patrimonio Arqueológico, Turismo Cultural, Cantón La Libertad-Ecuador.

ABSTRACT

The notion of "community" is traditionally associated with tourism to refer to all kinds of development, entrepreneurship or innovation initiatives, which in this field of reality and social fabric are usually given as "productive alternatives" in less favored “rural communities”. Thereby obviating, all the implication and semantic richness of the term. This paper seeks to recover this wealth, the core essence of the community, applied and developed from the urban media, linking it to elements that are its own, such as identity and memory, history, culture and archaeological heritage and architectural history of such environments. As fully valid, even highly desirable, alternatives for articulation, balance, innovation, diversification and tourism development. To become part of the potentialities that in these fields presents today the city-canton of La Libertad, province of Santa Elena. Ecuador.
Análisis de esquemas de metadatos para catalogación de tesis y proyectos de investigación
Authors: Campoverde Molina Milton , Vizñay Durán Jenny , Vintimilla Jara Silvia
Published: June 2018

Este artículo revela el análisis comparativo de los esquemas de metadatos MARC21, MODS, DUBLIN CORE y OPAC en la catalogación y publicación de tesis y proyectos de investigación en el repositorio DSpace. Inicia con la elaboración y aplicación de una encuesta a los administradores bibliotecarios de las instituciones: Universidad de Cuenca, Universidad del Azuay, Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Universidad Politécnica Salesiana y la Biblioteca Municipal de la ciudad de Cuenca, con el fin de determinar el esquema de metadatos empleado en la catalogación de tesis y proyectos de investigación. Luego se realiza la instalación de una Máquina Virtual bajo el sistema operativo Ubuntu, utilizando la herramienta tasksel se instalan los requisitos previos a la instalación de DSpace, configuración del repositorio DSpace y publicación de los contenidos de tesis y proyectos de investigación dentro del repositorio. Se concluye que el metadato que predomina dentro de los repositorios DSpace es el Dublin Core y es el que mejor se adecua para la catalogación de tesis y proyectos de investigación, en las pruebas con estudiantes y profesores en los tres aspectos: técnico, de uso y funcional. El esquema de metadato Dublin Core en el repositorio DSpace es calificado como excelente, presentando un nivel medio de complejidad en el registro de documentos.

ABSTRACT

This article reveals the comparative analysis of metadata schemas MARC21, MODS, DUBLIN CORE and OPAC in cataloging and publication of thesis and research projects in the DSpace repository. It begins with the development and implementation of a survey to library administrators of the following institutions: University of Cuenca, Azuay University, Catholic University of Cuenca, Salesian University and the Municipal Library of the city of Cuenca, in order to determine the schema metadata used in cataloging thesis and research projects. Then a virtual Machine was installed under the Ubuntu operating system. By using the tasksel tool the prerequisites are installed previous to the installation of DSpace, DSpace repository configuration and publication of the contents of thesis and research projects within the repository. It is concluded that the metadata that prevails within the DSpace repositories is the Dublin Core and it is the one best fits for cataloging thesis and research projects, in tests with students and teachers in the three aspects: technical, use and functional. The Dublin Core metadata schema in the repository DSpace is rated as excellent, having an average level of complexity in registration documents.
Incidencias de las estrategias de gestión en la administración financiera y uso de las tecnologías de la información de los microempresarios del sector sur del barrio General Enríquez Gallo
Authors: Villao Santos Freddy , Ponce Chalén Verónica , Peralta Mendoza Silvia
Published: June 2018

La investigación evalúa la incidencia de estrategias de gestión en la administración financiera y uso de las tecnologías de la información de los microempresarios del Sector Sur del Barrio General Enríquez Gallo del Cantón La Libertad, Provincia de Santa Elena. El problema se fundamenta en que las microempresas creadas en este sector considerado como uno de los más grande y fundador del cantón, no fueron estructuradas de manera adecuada respecto a la parte financiera y buen uso de la herramientas informáticas, evidenciado en el estudio de campo, procediendo a implementar estrategias de gestión a través de cursos de capacitación en diferentes áreas del conocimiento y aplicándolo con la creación de Pre-Cooperativas de Consumos generando una mayor competitividad entre ellos. La metodología que se aplicó fue de tipo cuantitativo y el análisis de los resultados se lo realizo en el programa estadístico SPS; además se realizó un análisis cualitativo, donde se realizó entrevistas a los microempresarios y expertos.
Enzymatic degradation of poly(butylene succinate) copolyesters synthesized with the use of Candida antarctica lipase B
Authors: Wcislek Aleksandra , Olalla Agueda Sonseca , McClain Andrew , Piegat Agnieszka , Sobolewski Peter , Puskas Judit E. , El Fray Miroslawa
Published: June 2018

Abstract: Biodegradable polymers are an active area of investigation, particularly ones that can be produced from sustainable, biobased monomers, such as copolymers of poly(butylene succinate) (PBS). In this study, we examine the enzymatic degradation of poly(butylene succinate-dilinoleic succinate) (PBS-DLS) copolymers obtained by “green” enzymatic synthesis using lipase B from Candida antarctica (CALB). The copolymers differed in their hard to soft segments ratio, from 70:30 to 50:50 wt.%. Enzymatic degradation was carried out on electrospun membranes (scaffolds) and compression-moulded films using lipase fromPseudomomas cepacia. Poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL) was used as a reference aliphatic polyester. The degradation process was monitored gravimetrically via water uptake and mass loss. After 24 days, approx. 40% mass loss was observed for fibrous materials prepared from PBS-DLS 70:30 copolymer, as compared to approx. 10% mass loss for PBS-DLS 50:50. Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and SEC analysis were used to examine changes in chemical structure. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning light microscopy (LSM) revealed changes in degree of crystallinity, and changes in surface morphology, consistent with a surface erosion mechanism. We conclude that the obtained copolymers are suitable for tissue engineering applications thanks to tuneable degradation and lack of acidification during breakdown.
Uptake and impact of vaccinating primary school-age children against influenza: experiences of a live attenuated influenza vaccine programme, England, 2015/16
Authors: Pebody Richard G , Sinnathamby Mary A , Warburton Fiona , Andrews Nick , Boddington Nicola L , Zhao Hongxin , Yonova Ivelina , Ellis Joanna , Tessier Elise , Donati Matthew , Elliot Alex J , Hughes Helen E , Pathirannehelage Sameera , Byford Rachel , Smith Gillian E , de Lusignan Simon , Zambon Maria
Published: June 2018

The 2015/16 influenza season was the third season of the introduction of an intra-nasally administered live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) for children in England. All children aged 2‒6 years were offered LAIV, and in addition, a series of geographically discrete areas piloted vaccinating school-age children 7‒11 years old. Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 was the dominant circulating strain during 2015/16 followed by influenza B. We measured influenza vaccine uptake and the overall and indirect effect of vaccinating children of primary school -age, by comparing cumulative disease incidence in targeted and non-targeted age groups in vaccine pilot and non-pilot areas in England. Uptake of 57.9% (range: 43.6–72.0) was achieved in the five pilot areas for children aged 5‒11 years. In pilot areas, cumulative emergency department respiratory attendances, influenza-confirmed hospitalisations and intensive care unit admissions were consistently lower, albeit mostly non-significantly, in targeted and non-targeted age groups compared with non-pilot areas. Effect sizes were less for adults and more severe endpoints. Vaccination of healthy primary school-age children with LAIV at moderately high levels continues to be associated with population-level reductions in influenza-related respiratory illness. Further work to evaluate the population-level impact of the programme is required.
Prevalencia de obesidad según relación cintura/talla en cuatro municipios del caribe colombiano
Authors: Vargas Moranth Rusvelt Franklin , Alcocer Olaciregui Adalgisa , Bilbao Ramírez Jorge , Lío Carrillo Jan Frank , Fontalvo De Alba Gianina , Cerro Martínez Cindy , Sierra Maury Grey
Published: June 2018

Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de obesidad según relación cintura/talla en cuatro municipios del caribe colombiano. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo, transversal. Se analizó la información de fuente secundaria, de 1161 personas de 20 a 64 años, provenientes de 4 municipios del departamento del Atlántico, en quienes se llevaron a cabo mediciones antropométricas (peso, talla, perímetro de cintura) de manera estandarizada. Se analizan las prevalencias de obesidad según estándares internacionales para Índice de masa corporal, perímetro de cintura y relación cintura talla, y se comparan las prevalencias según variables sociodemográficas. También se evalúa la concordancia entre las tres mediciones, según prueba de Kappa. Resultados: 72% de los participantes fueron mujeres. 36% de los encuestados eran menores de 40 años. Prevalencia de obesidad por relación cintura/talla: 81,3%, por perímetro de cintura: 77,2%, y por Índice de Masa Corporal: 27,7%. Fue significativamente mayor en: personas de mayor edad, dedicados a labores del hogar, en aquellos que no viven en pareja, en quienes tienen nivel educativo más bajo, y en los pertenecientes a régimen contributivo. La concordancia total entre relación cintura/talla y perímetro de cintura, fue de 0,766. Conclusiones: la relación cintura/talla es un indicador sensible de obesidad. Es necesario emplearlo con otros indicadores y evaluar su relación con factores de riesgo cardiovascular.
A Call for Differential Diagnosis of Non-Specific Low Back Pain To Reduce Opioid Abuse
Authors: Barnes Michael C. , Worthy Stacey , Simon Kyle
Published: June 2018

The vast majority of Americans experience low back pain at some point in their lives. For some, it is a fleeting nuisance that can be remedied with over-the-counter treatments, but others suffering from chronic low back pain require more advanced treatments, including opioids, biologics, or surgery. Studies have shown trends of overtreatment of chronic back pain, using opioids without a corresponding improvement in patient outcomes. This article examines the impact of misdiagnosis and improper treatment of chronic low back pain, taking a specific focus on the impact of inappropriate opioid treatment. It instructs practitioners to make a differential diagnosis and sets forth policy recommendations to ensure that practitioners are properly educated on this topic.
Incorporating Evidence Based Medicine in Medical Education and Health Care
Authors: Unnikrishnan Bhaskaran , Bhagwan Darshan , Sethi Akshay , Thapar Rekha , Mithra Prasanna , Kumar Nithin , Kulkarni Vaman , Holla Ramesh , Kumar Avinash
Published: June 2018

A facility-based cross sectional study was carried out among 188 doctors working at the Kasturba Medical College in Mangalore, India, to assess the perception and practice of evidence based medicine (EBM) among medical professionals. Data was collected using a pre-tested questionnaire and results obtained were expressed in percentages. Results: The mean age of participants was 35 ± 8.33 years. A higher proportion of participants (n=182, 96.8%) referred to textbooks for information for clinical decision making. A majority of the participants (n=180, 95.8%) opined that evidence based medicine should be included in a medical curriculum. More than half of the participants (n=98, 52.1%) used PubMed. A majority (n=150, 79.8%) of the participants had a good level of self-rated confidence in evaluating research, while 55.3% (n=104) of the participants had a good level of self-rated confidence in their ability to conduct clinical appraisals. Lack of time and insufficient EBM skills were the major perceived barriers to practicing evidence based medicine. Conclusion: Positive attitudes and higher awareness regarding EBM among doctors in the present study compared to other reported literature is an encouraging finding. Medical regulators must utilize the best available evidence and experience in formulating policy on medical education and health care.
Effectiveness of Mexican oregano essential oil from the Dominican Republic (Lippia graveolens) against maize pests (Sitophilus zeamais and Fusarium verticillioides)
Authors: Peschiutta M.L. , Arena J.S. , Ramirez Sanchez A. , Gomez Torres E. , Pizzolitto R.P. , Merlo C. , Zunino M.P. , Merlo C. , Zunino M.P. , Omarini A.B. , Dambolena J.S. , Zygadlo J.
Published: June 2018

The insecticidal and antifungal properties of Mexican oregano (Lippia graveolens) essential oil from the Dominican Republic were investigated under laboratory conditions against two main pests of stored grains: Sitophilus zeamais and Fusarium verticillioides. Although oregano essential oil at 600 ?l/l air did not result in a significant mortality of S. zeamais after 24 hours of exposure by fumigation, this essential oil was a powerful acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor in vitro. One of the main components of oregano essential oil, p-cymene, presented fumigant toxicity and AChE inhibition activity against the maize weevil. The L. graveolens essential oil antifungal activity against F. verticillioides was evaluated at 50, 100 and 200 ?l/l, and it was found that growth parameters were affected by the presence of oregano essential oil in the media, whereas FB1 production was not inhibited. The results demonstrate that oregano essential oil and p-cymene can be used as alternatives to synthetic pesticides against F. verticillioides and S. zeamais, respectively.
El rol del gluten en la panificación y el desafío de prescindir de su aporte en la elaboración de pan
Authors: Sciarini L.S. , Steffolani M.E. , León A.E.
Published: June 2018

La enfermedad celíaca es una enteropatía crónica del intestino delgado inmunomediada y promovida por la exposición a una dieta con gluten en individuos genéticamente predispuestos. La interacción de factores genéticos y ambientales provoca la pérdida de tolerancia a ciertas proteínas presentes en algunos cereales. Recientemente se estableció una prevalencia de celiaquía del 1% en el mundo, con grandes variaciones entre los países. El único tratamiento eficaz es adoptar una dieta libre de gluten. El gluten es una red proteica que se estructura al hidratar la harina y se refuerza mediante el amasado. Está conformado fundamentalmente por dos fracciones proteicas: prolaminas y glutelinas. Estas proteínas juegan un rol preponderante en la calidad de los más tradicionales productos de panificación, por lo que es un gran desafío para investigadores y tecnólogos elaborar estos productos sin contar con esta red. La polimerización de proteínas para simular la red de gluten ha mostrado sus limitaciones, por lo que se profundizó en el estudio de las interacciones entre diferentes componentes como un factor determinante para el desarrollo de productos. Sobre esa base se obtuvieron mejores resultados usando almidón de mandioca y harina de soja activa, gracias las interacciones específicas establecidas entre ambos componentes.
The Argentine Military and the Antisubversivo Genocide: The School of Americas' Contribution to the French Counterinsurgency Model
Authors: DerGhougassian Khatchik , Brumat Leiza
Published: June 2018

This article analyzes the role of the United States during Argentina's 1976–1983 military dictatorship and their genocidal counterinsurgency war. We argue that Washington's policy evolved from the initially loose support of the Ford administration to what we call “the Carter exception” in 1977–79, when the violations of human rights were denounced and concrete measures taken to put pressure on the military to end their repressive campaign. However, with the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979 and the end of the détente, human rights lost importance in Washington's foreign policy agenda. The Argentine military briefly recovered US support with Ronald Reagan in 1981, only to soon lose it with the Malvinas War. Argentina's defeat turned the page of the US upport to military dictatorships in Latin America and marked the debut of “democracy promotion.”