bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of monopoly mite game as a health promotion media to increase knowledge and understanding about house dust mites in student boarding house
Authors: Arifah Muhimatul , Rofieq Ainur , Pantiwati Yuni
Published: January 2022

Student’s knowledge of house dust mite (TDR) is still limited as well as the learning media used are uncomplicated. However, aside from learning outcome, knowledge of environmental health and hygiene are ignored. This study aims to produce health promotion media and analyze the effectiveness. This type of study was conducted by Research and Development (R&D) modified model by Borg & Gall. Data were collected from material expert, media expert, and extensive trial (experiments) that involving 30 students of Biology education department who have taken parasitology courses. As data analysis uses paired t-test (paired sample t-test). The result of the Mite Game Monopoly health media promotion products shows the validation of media experts and material experts are categorized very well with percentages of 97% and 89%. The result of data analysis obtained a value P < 0.05 which means there is a significant difference in the average value of pretest and posttest, it shows an increase of knowledge and understanding of TDR between before and after using the Mite Game Monopoly media.
Textbook on additives and addictive substances with a scientific-based approach, a research and development
Authors: Mahmudah Siska Elis , Hindun Iin , Latifa Roimil , Husamah H. , Setyawan Dwi
Published: January 2022

Improving learning activities requires teaching materials that can accommodate students' scientific skills. This study aims to produce textbooks for additives and addictive substances with a scientific approach and analyze their validity and effectiveness. This research and development used the Borg & Gall model which consists of 10 steps. Products are validated by media experts and material experts. The product trial used a limited test with 15 students of seventh grade in junior high school. The validation results show that the product is valid and very good. Meanwhile, the results of the trial of student responses to the use of the average value of 89.13% and learning outcomes increased by 87%. Thus, the textbooks developed are very suitable for use in the learning process.
Design of SkSP-R Plan for Popular Statistical Distributions
Authors: Hussain Jaffer , Balamurali S , Aslam Muhammad
Published: January 2022

The design of a Skip-lot sampling plan of type SkSP-R is presented for time truncated life test for the Weibull, Exponentiated Weibull, and Birnbaum-Saunders lifetime distributions. The plan parameters of the SkSP-R plan under these three distributions are determined through a nonlinear optimization problem. Tables are also constructed for each distribution. The advantages of the proposed plan over the existing sampling schemes are discussed. Application of the proposed plan is explained with the help of an example. The Birnbaum-Saunders distribution is economically superior to other two distributions in terms of minimum average sample number.
Climatic and geographical conditions that effect on the health of sailors during marine voyage
Authors: Lupachev V. V. , Kubasov R. V. , Boyko I. M. , Khokhrina A. I. , Kubasova E. D.
Published: January 2022

The prolonged availability of seafarers on board of water vehicle during voyages forms the features of professional labor activity. When assessing the medical and sanitary situation of life and vital activity of the crew on board a ship, it is necessary to take into account a set of conditions that are integrated into a single notion — «ship environment ». The ship’s environment affects the personnel’s body for the entire period while people are on the voyage. It can cause changes in the state of health. The article presents a review of the literature devoted to the study of the influence of climatic and geographical factors accompanying maritime labor. Natural factors occupy a significant share among the large effects of the ship’s environment that affect the health of seafarers and, accordingly, their ability to work. Among them, the greatest contribution is made by temperature, physico-chemical properties of air, photoperiodic fluctuations. The homeostatic systems of the seafarers ‘ body are very closely dependent on the natural situation of the seas. These conditions impose high requirements and can cause the development of premorbid and pathological conditions. To ensure the protection of the health and working capacity of the crew, it is necessary to study the influence of external factors. The main directions for ensuring the safety and strengthening of the health of seafarers are: forecasting and prevention of health disorders, prenosological diagnostics and timely medical support, rehabilitation measures in the post-voyage period.
Pseudomitologemos Milda kilmė
Authors:   Lietuvos kultūros tyrimų institutas, Kregždys Rolandas
Published: January 2022

Straipsnyje analizuojama Teodoro Narbuto veikale Dzieje starożytne narodu litewskiego pirmą kartą paminėtos lietuvių mitologemos Milda sukūrimo aplinkybės. Remiantis gausia baltų homoformų (antroponimų, hidronimų, toponimų) bei antikos realijų, taip pat Nibelungų giesmės naratyvo ir Dytmaro (Thietmarus Merseburgensis) Liubeko kronikoje užfiksuotų lužitėnų religijos motyvų analize, suformuluoti 4 šio pseudomitonimo etiologijos aiškinimo būdai.
Analisis pengaruh tingkat suku bunga, kredit macet dan capital adequacy ratio (CAR) terhadap penyaluran kredit modal kerja Bank Umum di Indonesia
Authors: Nurjanah Rahma , Arida Nurul
Published: January 2022

This study aims to determine and analyze interest rates on credit, bad credit, CAR, and lending to commercial banks in Indonesia. In addition, it is also to study the effect of lending rates, bad credit, and CAR on commercial bank lending in Indonesia in 2010-2018. The analytical method used in this research is descriptive quantitative. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis tools. The results of this study indicate that the interest rate, bad credit, and CAR variables simultaneously influence lending. Partially the interest rate variable has a negative and significant effect on lending. The non-performing loan variable has a negative and significant impact on credit distribution. The variable CAR has a positive and significant impact on lending. 

Keywords: Landing, The Interest rate on loans, Bad loans, CAR
Analisis kesejahteraan petani padi di Kecamatan Air Hangat Timur Kabupaten Kerinci
Authors: Pratama Nanda , Zulfanetti Zulfanetti , Umiyati Etik
Published: January 2022

This research was conducted at Kerinci Regency, Air Hangat Timur sub-district, the largest rice harvesting area in Jambi Province. In this Air Hangat Timur sub-district area, the communities still use rice fields to cultivate rice as the primary commodity. This study aimed to determine rice farmers' welfare level in the Air Hangat Timur sub-district and determine the factors that affect the welfare of rice farmers based on predetermined indicators. This study used a quantitative descriptive analysis method, with the total sample used being 98 farmers from the entire population consisted 3531 rice farmers in Air Hangat Timur sub-district. Analyzing and testing the data, the researcher first carried out the classical assumption test using SPSS by obtaining the results of an Adjusted R square value of 0.848. It can be concluded that the independent variable used can explain 84.8% of the dependent variable. The remaining 15.2% is outside the variable in use. The majority of rice farmers in the Air Warm Timur Subdistrict are not poor. This can be seen from the per capita income level of Rp. 5,053,227 per year, while 9% of farmer families are classified as inferior if added up separately. According to the criteria of the Directorate of Land Use Rights, the remaining farmers in Air Warm Timur District are not in poor condition.
Penerapan SAK EMKM para pelaku usaha mikro kecil dan menengah (UMKM) menuju pengembangan revolusi industri 4.0 (studi pada UMKM di Kabupaten Sidoarjo)
Authors: Siregar Datuk Maralelo
Published: January 2022

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play an essential role in the Indonesian economy. This study aims to find out whether Micro has implemented the application of SAK EMKM financial statements, Small and Medium Enterprises (UMKM) entrepreneurs in Sidoarjo Regency and aims to determine whether business development has begun to follow the Industrial Revolution Era 4.0. The data analysis technique used in this study is descriptive-qualitative analysis with data collection by describing, telling, and interpreting the meaning of the data that has been collected. Based on the study results, MSME actors have not implemented the recording of financial statements by SAK EMKM because they have obstacles in understanding financial statements by the existing SAK EMKM. Therefore many MSME actors do simple recordings. Meanwhile, for business development, MSME actors have started to develop their business by utilizing existing sales applications provided and producing with the help of machines even though there are still those who traditionally sell and make. However, there are still MSME actors who have not taken advantage of the online applications provided.
Idea Pembentukan Pemerintahan Ibn Khaldun dan Asas Pembinaan Kesultanan Melaka dari Kurun Ke-15 hingga 16
Authors: Ismail Noorilham , Abd Aziz Mohd Kasturi Nor , Arsani Zarifah
Published: January 2022

This study focuses on the idea of Ibn Khaldun’s governance by focusing on the Sultanate of Melaka in the 16th century. The primary goal of this research is to demonstrate the development of the Melaka Sultanate through the lens of cycle theory, the spirit of asabiyyah, and the concept of ‘umran as defined by Ibn Khaldun. The timeline discusses the early establishment of the Sultanate of Melaka until its fall at the start of Portuguese colonisation in 1511. The study used Muqaddimah and Sulalat us-Salatin (Sejarah Melayu) as the main source for discussion of various ideas to explain Ibn Khaldun's ideas about the reign of the Melaka sultanate from the 15th century to 16 AD. The qualitative method-guided analysis concluded that the Melaka Sultanate was built in accordance with Ibn Khaldun's theory of one-time rule. Thus, the intertextual differences employed are expected to yield an authoritative and informative argument on the relationship between Ibn Khaldun's ideas and the construction of the Melaka sultanate in the 15th to 16th centuries AD.
Women and Community Services in Islamic History
Authors: Alotaibi Hessa
Published: January 2022

The concept of women rights, freedoms, and their role in public sphere are few important areas which have been in news in the past few decades. There is no doubt that women were deprived of their rights such as right to vote, freedom to mobility etc. in Muslim communities in the past few centuries. However, not much later, the fight for women rights and freedoms are being observed among the various Muslim communities. Another aspect among the Islamic communities is related to social service. The foundation of Islam religion was based on the principles of social justice, equality and service to mankind. However, both these concepts including women role and social services in Islam have been influenced by various factors since the founding of Islam religion. Therefore, it would be an interesting area of research to investigate evolution and changes relates to these two areas through the Islamic ages in order to analyse if factors of influence and whether or not these changes are relevant in the current times. Accordingly, the purpose of this paper is to review the role of women and community services through Islamic ages, and analyse its implications in the current scenario. A narrative review approach is adopted in this study in order to reflect the developments from the history. Findings from the review indicated that the women in Islamic ages enjoyed equal rights and status in society in contrast to the women in the modern world. However, social services continued to be a part of the Islamic principles since its emergence in the 6th century. It can be concluded that there is a need to create awareness among the Muslim elites (who base discrimination in the context of religion, culture, and traditions) regarding the equality rights for women and their increased participation in social, economic, and cultural fields in the society.
Relatos da estruturação de aulas remotas com a utilização de metodologias ativas
Authors: Henrique Kronbauer Artur , Da Encarnação Neves Naiara , Henrique Pereira Pedro
Published: January 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é descrever a utilização de metodologias ativas em aulas remotas da disciplina de Interação Humano-Computador (IHC) durante a pandemia da Covid-19. As práticas pedagógicas, já utilizadas nas aulas presenciais, foram migradas para as aulas remotas com a intenção de potencializar a participação dos estudantes, criar formas de realizar avaliações formativas e continuadas, além de contribuir com experiências hedônicas positivas. A metodologia utilizada na pesquisa é de natureza aplicada, com uma abordagem qualitativa e de carácter exploratória. Para avaliar os resultados foi utilizada a técnica de autorrelato Self Assessment Manikin (SAM) que possibilita medir a experiência dos usuários (User eXperience - UX). Os resultados encontrados foram positivos e podem servir de exemplo para aplicações em outras áreas de conhecimento.
Estudo de um modelo de laboratório EAD (LabEAD) aplicado na engenharia da computação
Authors: De Andrade Ricardo , Nogueira Tirolli Marcelo , Pires Gomes de Oliveira Lucas , De Oliveira França Edilon , Cardoso Carvalho Danyela , Trombeta de Oliveira Édison
Published: January 2022

Práticas em laboratórios são essenciais no ensino de engenharia, uma vez que permitem que estudantes aprendam de forma eficaz e desenvolvam habilidades indispensáveis para o seu futuro como profissionais na área. As práticas possuem uma série de fatores, tais como custos e infraestrutura que dificultam a sua disponibilização. Entretanto, laboratórios remotos tem grandes potenciais para possibilitar essas práticas laboratoriais de maneira eficiente e com custos reduzidos quando comparado aos laboratórios tradicionais. Atualmente percebe-se o crescimento na implementação dessas soluções em diversas áreas de ensino e profissionais, nas quais faz necessário conhecimentos práticos principalmente devido à pandemia de COVID-19. Este artigo investigou a implementação de laboratório remoto, ferramenta que possibilita a realização de ensino prático visando ao estudo de caso e aplicação de um modelo de validação de roteiros laboratoriais nas disciplinas de eletrônica, a fim de preparar melhor os alunos da UNIVESP para o mercado de trabalho, auxiliar o trabalho dos professores e facilitadores em relação ao entendimento de um circuito eletrônico. Os resultados desta pesquisa foram satisfatórios e os autores recomendam a implementação de um estudo deste projeto nos polos da UNIVESP e/ou de outras universidades que atuem à distância.
Identificación de los sistemas de suministro y disposición del agua en una comunidad rural
Authors: Morales Laura , Trujillo-González Juan M. , Torres-Mora Marco A.
Published: January 2022

Contextualización: El agua es el recurso natural de mayor importancia. No obstante, su aprovechamiento es limitado, ya que sólo el 1% del agua del planeta es potencialmente apto para el consumo humano. En áreas rurales los sistemas de abastecimiento y conducción de aguas residuales pueden ser considerados artesanales o rudimentarios, lo cual no garantiza el flujo constante del recurso ni la calidad óptima para el consumo humano.  Además, tiene efectos negativos para la salud pública y genera afectación a los recursos naturales. 
Vacío de conocimiento: En este sentido, este tipo de trabajos cobran importancia al describir los mecanismos asociados al recurso hídrico con los que cuentan las comunidades rurales, para que esta información, a su vez, contribuya en la formulación de propuestas desde los grupos de interés. 
Propósito: El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo principal identificar los sistemas de abastecimiento de agua y sistemas de disposición de aguas residuales de la comunidad rural de la vereda Barcelona, en el municipio de Villavicencio (Meta). 
Metodología: La información analizada se obtuvo por medio de encuestas semiestructuradas que fueron realizadas de manera aleatoria en distintos sectores de la vereda. 
Resultados y conclusiones: Entre los principales resultados se encontró que la comunidad se abastece de agua por medio de aljibes (100 %) y realiza la disposición de aguas residuales mediante cuatro sistemas: pozo séptico propio (44 %); pozo séptico comunitario (20 %); pozo séptico propio y campo abierto (28 %); pozo séptico comunitario y campo abierto (8 %). Adicionalmente, la percepción de la calidad del agua varío de acuerdo con el género. El 100 % de las mujeres identificaron como de baja calidad el agua para consumo humano, y en razón  de esto se abastecen de fuentes seguras para su consumo y preparación de alimentos; mientras que los hombres la identificaron como regular y el 37% la consumen directamente. Finalmente, se evidenció que el actual mecanismo de limpieza de los sistemas de disposición de aguas residuales puede convertirse en un factor de riesgo de contaminación y afectación a la salud pública.
Forraje verde hidropónico y organopónico de maíz como suplemento nutricional para ovinos del Piedemonte Amazónico
Authors: Narvaez Herrera Juan Pablo , Guerrero Guerrero Elizabeth Marcela
Published: January 2022

Contextualización: Los rumiantes tienen una ventaja comparativa con relación a otras especies, gracias a la capacidad de digerir las fracciones de la fibra presente en los forrajes. 
 
Vacío de conocimiento: En regiones tropicales, debido a las condiciones medioambientales cambiantes, se hace más difícil la producción de pasturas de alta calidad nutricional, derivando así en una estacionalidad forrajera.  Esto conlleva a que sea necesaria la suplementación con alimentos comerciales para los animales, lo que incrementa los costos de producción.
Propósito del estudio: Evaluar el efecto de la suplementación con forraje verde hidropónico (FVH) y forraje verde organopónico (FVO) de maíz sobre el rendimiento productivo de ovinos en fase de levante, en el piedemonte amazónico del Departamento del Putumayo. 
 
Metodología: Se utilizaron 12 corderos Dorper enteros con edad de 90 días y peso 14.62 kg, los cuales se distribuyeron para la aplicación de tres tratamientos consistentes en: T0: dieta base (DB), T1: forraje verde hidropónico (FVH) y T2: forraje verde organopónico (FVO). Se evaluó la ganancia de peso total (GPT), ganancia diaria de peso (GDP), consumo total de alimento (CTA), conversión alimenticia (CA) y eficiencia alimenticia (EA) durante un periodo de suplementación de 45 días. Se utilizó un diseño completamente al azar. Los datos se analizaron mediante análisis de varianza y las medias fueron separadas mediante la prueba de Tukey con un nivel de significancia de (p < 0.05). 
 
Resultados y conclusiones: Se encontraron diferencias (p < 0.05) en la GPT 3.66 kg (T1), 3.61 kg (T2) y 2.35 kg (T0); de igual manera para la GDP 81.39 g (T1), 80.30 g (T2) y 52.22 g (T0); para el CTA 1.33 kg (T1), 1.27 kg (T2) y 1.05 kg (T0); la CA se estimó para el T1 en 3.23, 3.27 en T2 y 5.13 en T0; y la EA fue de 0.063 (T1), 0.061 (T2) y 0.050 (T0), evidenciando la influencia del tipo de dieta utilizada. La implementación de FVH y FVO se convierte en una alternativa viable de suplementación en los sistemas de producción de ovinos, en los que las condiciones medioambientales hacen difícil el cultivo de forrajes para pastoreo. Se concluye que la inclusión del 30 % de FVH de maíz en la dieta de ovinos en crecimiento mejora su rendimiento productivo.
Criteria for Endovascular Intervention in Type B Aortic Dissection
Authors: Tan Sven Zhen Cian , Singh Sidhant , Palanca Joaquin Alfonso , J Natasha Austin , Jubouri Matti , Bailey Damian , Williams Ian , Nienaber Christoph , Coselli Joseph , Bashir Mohamad
Published: January 2022

Background The use of thoracic endovascular aortic repair
(TEVAR) for the management of uncomplicated type B aortic dissection
(un-TBAD) remains controversial. There is a lack of consensus over
whether pre-emptive TEVAR should be carried out in patients with un-TBAD
at risk of progression to complicated TBAD. We present a review of
current evidence and seek to suggest criteria where endovascular
intervention in un-TBAD may prove beneficial relative to pharmacotherapy
alone. Methods and Materials PubMed and Cochrane databases were
searched using terms including: type B aortic dissection, risk factors,
medical therapy, TEVAR, false lumen expansion, and mortality. Papers
were selected based on title and abstract. Results Optimal
medical therapy remains the mainstay treatment for patients with
un-TBAD, however patients with un-TBAD present with varying degrees of
disease progression risk. Factors such as age, aortic morphology,
history of connective tissue disorders, false lumen thrombosis, and
aortic branch involvement may potentiate progression from un-TBAD to
complicated TBAD. Short- and long-term outcomes associated with TEVAR
for TBAD remain promising. Conclusion Pre-emptive TEVAR may be
beneficial in patients with un-TBAD presenting with the above factors,
however further prospective research into the optimal timing for TEVAR
in un-TBAD is required.
ABC Cost Driver Framing and Altering the Balance of Power in Customer-Supplier Negotiations
Authors: Chang Linda J.
Published: January 2022

This study examines how activity-based costing (ABC) cost driver framing affects suppliers' ability to increase their bargaining power when negotiating with powerful customers. Results of an experiment show that suppliers with the potential to contribute to increasing joint profits (high contribution potential) earn a higher share of joint profits than suppliers with low contribution potential. High contribution potential suppliers have higher bargaining power because of their ability to increase customers' dependence on negotiated agreements. However, the advantage of having high contribution potential is reduced when suppliers are provided with externally framed cost drivers (costs represented as being driven by customers' activities) instead of internally framed cost drivers (costs represented as being driven by suppliers' activities). Analyses of negotiators' behavior show that suppliers with high contribution potential and internally framed cost drivers use more integrative tactics to increase joint profits, allowing them to earn higher shares of joint profits.
Tolerogenic Delivery of a Hybrid Insulin Peptide Markedly Prolongs Islet Graft Survival in the NOD Mouse
Authors: Jamison Braxton L. , DiLisio James E. , Beard K. Scott , Neef Tobias , Bradley Brenda , Goodman Jessica , Gill Ronald G. , Miller Stephen D. , Baker Rocky L. , Haskins Kathryn
Published: January 2022

The induction of antigen (Ag)-specific tolerance and replacement of islet β-cells are major ongoing goals for the treatment of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Our group previously showed that a hybrid insulin peptide (2.5HIP) is a critical autoantigen for diabetogenic CD4+ T cells in the NOD mouse model. In this study, we investigated whether induction of Ag-specific tolerance using 2.5HIP-coupled tolerogenic nanoparticles (NPs) could protect diabetic NOD mice from disease recurrence upon syngeneic islet transplantation. Islet graft survival was significantly prolonged in mice treated with 2.5HIP NPs, but not NPs containing the insulin B chain peptide 9-23. Protection in 2.5HIP NP-treated mice was attributed both to the simultaneous induction of anergy in 2.5HIP-specific effector T cells and the expansion of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells specific for the same Ag. Notably, our results indicate that effector function of graft-infiltrating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells specific for other β-cell epitopes was significantly impaired, suggesting a novel mechanism of therapeutically induced linked suppression. This work establishes that tolerance induction with an HIP can delay recurrent autoimmunity in NOD mice, which could inform the development of an Ag-specific therapy for T1D.
Cytotoxicity-Related Gene Expression and Chromatin Accessibility Define a Subset of CD4+ T Cells That Mark Progression to Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Bediaga Naiara G. , Garnham Alexandra L. , Naselli Gaetano , Bandala-Sanchez Esther , Stone Natalie L. , Cobb Joanna , Harbison Jessica E. , Wentworth John M. , Ziegler Annette-G. , Couper Jennifer J. , Smyth Gordon K. , Harrison Leonard C.
Published: January 2022

Type 1 diabetes in children is heralded by a preclinical phase defined by circulating autoantibodies to pancreatic islet antigens. How islet autoimmunity is initiated and then progresses to clinical diabetes remains poorly understood. Only one study has reported gene expression in specific immune cells of children at risk associated with progression to islet autoimmunity. We analyzed gene expression with RNA sequencing in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and B cells, and chromatin accessibility by assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing (ATAC-seq) in CD4+ T cells, in five genetically at risk children with islet autoantibodies who progressed to diabetes over a median of 3 years (“progressors”) compared with five children matched for sex, age, and HLA-DR who had not progressed (“nonprogressors”). In progressors, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were largely confined to CD4+ T cells and enriched for cytotoxicity-related genes/pathways. Several top-ranked DEGs were validated in a semi-independent cohort of 13 progressors and 11 nonprogressors. Flow cytometry confirmed that progression was associated with expansion of CD4+ cells with a cytotoxic phenotype. By ATAC-seq, progression was associated with reconfiguration of regulatory chromatin regions in CD4+ cells, some linked to differentially expressed cytotoxicity-related genes. Our findings suggest that cytotoxic CD4+ T cells play a role in promoting progression to type 1 diabetes.
Trends in Glycemic Control Among Youth and Young Adults With Diabetes: The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study
Authors: Malik Faisal S. , Sauder Katherine A. , Isom Scott , Reboussin Beth A. , Dabelea Dana , Lawrence Jean M. , Roberts Alissa , Mayer-Davis Elizabeth J. , Marcovina Santica , Dolan Lawrence , Igudesman Daria , Pihoker Catherine
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE

To describe temporal trends and correlates of glycemic control in youth and young adults (YYA) with youth-onset diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

The study included 6,369 participants with type 1 or type 2 diabetes from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study. Participant visit data were categorized into time periods of 2002–2007, 2008–2013, and 2014–2019, diabetes durations of 1–4, 5–9, and ≥10 years, and age groups of 1–9, 10–14, 15–19, 20–24, and ≥25 years. Participants contributed one randomly selected data point to each duration and age group per time period. Multivariable regression models were used to test differences in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) over time by diabetes type. Models were adjusted for site, age, sex, race/ethnicity, household income, health insurance status, insulin regimen, and diabetes duration, overall and stratified for each diabetes duration and age group.

RESULTS

Adjusted mean HbA1c for the 2014–2019 cohort of YYA with type 1 diabetes was 8.8 ± 0.04%. YYA with type 1 diabetes in the 10–14-, 15–19-, and 20–24-year-old age groups from the 2014–2019 cohort had worse glycemic control than the 2002–2007 cohort. Race/ethnicity, household income, and treatment regimen predicted differences in glycemic control in participants with type 1 diabetes from the 2014–2019 cohort. Adjusted mean HbA1c was 8.6 ± 0.12% for 2014–2019 YYA with type 2 diabetes. Participants aged ≥25 years with type 2 diabetes had worse glycemic control relative to the 2008–2013 cohort. Only treatment regimen was associated with differences in glycemic control in participants with type 2 diabetes.

CONCLUSIONS

Despite advances in diabetes technologies, medications, and dissemination of more aggressive glycemic targets, many current YYA are less likely to achieve desired glycemic control relative to earlier cohorts.
Structural Lesions on Kidney Biopsy in Youth-Onset and Adult-Onset Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Looker Helen C. , Pyle Laura , Vigers Tim , Severn Cameron , Saulnier Pierre J. , Najafian Behzad , Mauer Michael , Nelson Robert G. , Bjornstad Petter
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a leading cause of end-stage kidney disease worldwide. Recent studies suggest a more aggressive clinical course of diabetic kidney disease in youth-onset compared with adult-onset T2D. We compared kidney structural lesions in youth- and adult-onset T2D to determine if youth onset was associated with greater early tissue injury.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Quantitative microscopy was performed on kidney tissue obtained from research kidney biopsies in 161 Pima Indians (117 women, 44 men) with T2D. Onset of T2D was established by serial oral glucose tolerance testing, and participants were stratified as youth onset (age <25 years) or adult onset (age ≥25 years). Associations between clinical and morphometric parameters and age at onset were tested using linear models.

RESULTS

At biopsy, the 52 participants with youth-onset T2D were younger than the 109 with adult-onset T2D (39.1 ± 9.9 vs. 51.4 ± 10.2 years; P < 0.0001), but their diabetes duration was similar (19.3 ± 8.1 vs. 17.0 ± 7.8 years; P = 0.09). Median urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio was higher in the youth-onset group (58 [25th–75th percentile 17–470] vs. 27 [13–73] mg/g; P = 0.02). Youth-onset participants had greater glomerular basement membrane (GBM) width (552 ± 128 vs. 490 ± 114 nm; P = 0.002) and mesangial fractional volume (0.31 ± 0.10 vs. 0.27 ± 0.08; P = 0.001) than adult-onset participants. Glomerular sclerosis percentage, glomerular volume, mesangial fractional volume, and GBM width were also inversely associated with age at diabetes onset as a continuous variable.

CONCLUSIONS

Younger age at T2D onset strongly associates with more severe kidney structural lesions. Studies are underway to elucidate the pathways underlying these associations.
A process evaluation of patient care needs using the Post-Stroke Checklist: A prospective study
Authors: Amatya Bhasker , Elmalik Alaeldin , Lee Su Yi , Song Krystal , Galea Mary , Khan Fary
Published: January 2022

Objective: To assess the utility of the modified Post-Stroke Checklist (mPSC) to identify impairments and care needs of patients with stroke (PwS) in an inpatient rehabilitation setting.Methods: Prospective observational design with consecutive admission of PwS (n = 44) at a tertiary rehabilitation facility. The post-stroke checklist was administered at hospital discharge (T1) and 3 months post-discharge (T2). Furthermore, validated questionnaires assessed function and participation, including the Clinical Functioning Information Tool (ClinFIT) on admission (T0), T1 and T2. Results: Participants’ mean age was 67.7 years (standard deviation; SD) 14.6), 58% of participants were female, and the mean length of inpatient stay was 32.7 days (SD 22.4). At T1, 80% and at T2 only 60% of participants reported ≥1 stroke-related problem (mean 5.3 (SD 3.3) and 3.6 (SD 2.8), respectively). Half of participants were referred to physiotherapy/occupational therapy, and 36% to specialist clinics following discharge. The most prevalent problems included: life after stroke (62.2%), fatigue (55.6%), activities of daily living, and mobility (51.1% each). Compared with T1, at T2 there was an observed reduction in all mPSC items, except pain and incontinence. Participants showed improved function at T1 and T2 (Extension Index, ClinFIT set), from T0 to T1 and T0 to T2 (p<0.001, with large effect sizes). Conclusion: The mPSC is feasible to implement in an inpatient rehabilitation setting and community. It can identify relevant stroke-related problems, and hence facilitate targeted intervention.
Lay AbstractPatients with stroke can develop significant long-term functional, communication and psychosocial disability, which can limit their daily activities and quality of life. Hence, regular follow-up is important to identify the patients’ clinical needs after discharge from the hospital to the community. This study used a universal tool, the modified Post-Stroke Checklist (mPSC) to identify common persisting stroke-related issues of patients admitted to a rehabilitation unit to facilitate appropriate referrals during discharge. The mPSC is feasible to implement in an inpatient rehabilitation setting and community for treating clinicians to identify relevant stroke-related problems and provide appropriate intervention.
Dielectric properties and switching processes of ferroelectric superlattices
Authors: Sidorkin A.S. , Nesterenko L.P. , Gagou Y. , Saint-Gregoire P. , Pakhomov A.Yu. , Popravko N.G.
Published: January 2022

We review dielectric properties of BaZrO3/BaTiO3 (BZ/BT) superlattices deposited on a single-crystal MgO substrate, and having a period of 13.32 nm. These superlattices have specific properties distinguishing them from BZ or BT bulk materials, and from thin films, with a ferroelectric phase transition around 393-395 °?, significantly higher than in bulk samples and thin films of BT, and appearing of second order. The polarization switching occurs in two stages and the precise analysis of experimental data demonstrates that the motion of the domain walls causes the switching processes. We conclude that the mobility of the domain walls decreases on heating. The presence of an internal bias field has been demonstrated and shown to be directed from the superlattice to the substrate, in agreement with an analysis based on the flexoelectric effect. The switching current has been shown to vary in weak fields as 1/E? with the exponent ? much smaller than in thin ferroelectric films. The appearance of the power index ?, which is significantly different from unity, may be due to a decrease in the average value of the switched polarization due to the boundaries between layers of different materials.
The effect of an AC electric field on the dielectric properties of Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 ceramic
Authors: Lima E.C. , Guerra J.D.S. , Araujo E.B.
Published: January 2022

The dynamic dielectric response of Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3 )O3 ceramic was experimentally studied as a function of the EAC amplitude field. An increase in real dielectric permittivity was obtained by increasing the applied electrical field within the investigated temperature range for frequencies below 10 kHz. The temperature of maximum dielectric permittivity and freezing temperature decreased with an increase in E AC. Nonlinear permittivity was studied and found to behave similarly to freezing temperature. A statistical model was used to fit the dielectric dispersion of real dielectric permittivity with temperature and frequency. The results are discussed in terms of different factors’ contributions to dielectric permittivity under different EAC field conditions.
BaTiO3 films for multilayer devices by tape casting
Authors: Ivanchenko S. , Umerova S. , Baranovskyi D. , Kovalenko O. , Ragulya A.
Published: January 2022

The diversity of the applicational scope of modern printed electronics relentlessly requires the improvement of operational properties simultaneously with reducing the overall dimensions of devices. One of the most effective ways to overcome this major obstacle is the reduction of functional layers thickness in respect to the size of the device. In the present article, we are discussing a simple way of practical implementation of miniaturization concept through the application of a well-known high-productive industrial method of tape casting for obtaining thin nanostructured ceramic layers based on BaTiO3 nanopowders for MLCC. Using of nanosized powders per se imply a new approach of developing suspensions with suitable rheology for tape casting. We demonstrate, that a length of polymer molecule defines the size of floccules and therefore influences the thickness and surface quality of tape casted films. A certain nanopowder/polymer ratio contributes to the formation of the tapes with the surface roughness comparable with the size of one nanoparticle (20-25 nm). Moreover, it was established that developed suspensions are extremely sensitive to temperature changes. Lowering the temperature significantly affects the flow character of suspension and thus the thickness of casted tapes. Considering this fact, we propose an effective self-developed pre-cooling method of nanopowder suspension casting, which allows obtaining extremely thin and smooth tapes with a thickness of less than 1 µm and surface roughness of 20–25 nm by tape casting method.
Influence of the PbO-excess on the structural, microstructural and ferroelectric properties of PLZT ceramics
Authors: Silva A.C. , Mendez-Gonzalez Y. , Lima E.C. , Guerra J.D.S.
Published: January 2022

The physical properties of lead lanthanum zirconate titanate (PLZT) ceramics have been investigated as a function of a PbO excess from 0 to 20 mol% in samples of Pb0.94La0.06(Zr0.6895Ti0.2955)O3 (composition that reveals the best performance for piezoelectric applications for materials with rhombohedral symmetry). Results are presented in a compressive way in the frame of an overview on PLZT. Structural, microstructural and ferroelectric properties were investigated as a function of the PbO content. The X-ray diffraction results confirmed the formation of the perovskite structure for all the cases. However, the presence of the Pb2O3 secondary phase has been observed for the sample containing 15 mol% PbO excess. Raman spectroscopy studies revealed a strong influence of the PbO content on the active modes shifts. The ferroelectric properties have shown a decrease of both remnant (PR) and saturation (PS) polarizations for compositions up to 10 mol% PbO, whereas an increase of PR and PS was observed for the higher PbO content samples. Results reveal the effect of the PbO excess on the long-range order interactions for the studied system.
Amorphous materials based on perovskite ferroelectrics
Authors: Gridnev S.A. , Korotkov L.N.
Published: January 2022

The methods of preparation, as well as the structure and most relevant physical properties of amorphous materials based on ferroelectrics with perovskite structure are reviewed. The theoretical basis for the possibility of ferroelectricity in non-crystalline solids is discussed. The structural relaxation in a glassy state and the crystallization processes leading to the formation of a ferroelectric phase are considered. The structure and physical properties of thin-film amorphous ferroelectrics that demonstrate noticeable differences from the properties of the same materials in bulk state are discussed separately
Arbeitszeitbedarf bei der Futterproduktion in Südtirol
Authors: Giovanni Peratoner  , Ulrich Figl  , Claudia Florian  , Franziska Mairhofer
Published: January 2022

Die Futterproduktion im Berggebiet ist eine wichtige Produktionsgrundlage für die viehhaltenden Betriebe sowie eine Quelle von Ökosystemdienstleistungen für die Gesellschaft, wobei die Arbeitszeiten zum Teil erheblich sind. Die Richtwerte aus anderen Ländern des Alpenraums unterliegen anderen betriebli­chen und topografischen Gegebenheiten. Das Ziel dieser Unter­suchung besteht deshalb darin, zuverlässige, lokale und spezi­fische Richtwerte für den Arbeitszeitbedarf bei der Futter­produktion im Berggebiet zu generieren. 20 Betriebe im Raum Pustertal wurden ausgewählt und 100-109 dazugehörende Schläge der Kategorien Wiese, Mähweide und Mais pro Jahr untersucht. Die Datenerhebung erfolgte von 2011 bis 2013 und die Landwirte erhoben systematisch ihre einzelnen Arbeitsschritte sowie die dazugehörenden Arbeitszeiten inkl. Auf- und Abrüst­zeiten sowie Anfahrtszeiten. Die Hangneigung hat bei den Wiesen einen hochsignifikanten Effekt auf den Gesamtarbeitsbedarf, was insbesondere auch auf die starke Zunahme der Handarbeit bei der Futterernte zurückgeführt werden kann. Der Arbeitszeitbedarf bei der Futterernte war bei der höchsten Neigungsklasse um das Fünffache höher als bei der niedrigsten. Die Meereshöhe war hingegen statistisch nicht signifikant. Auch bei den Mähweiden beeinflusste nur die Hangneigung den Gesamtarbeitszeitbedarf. Beim Silomais waren Ernte und Silierung die zeitaufwändigsten Kategorien, gefolgt von der Feldvorbereitung. Unter Berücksichti­gung der gegebenen Rahmenbedingungen und Einschränkungen liefern die Ergebnisse brauchbare Richtwerte hinsichtlich des Arbeitszeitbedarfs in der landwirtschaftlichen Praxis Südtirols.
Tax Advisors and Professional Secrecy in Directive 2011/16/EU of the Council of February 15, 2011
Authors: Suarez Francisco Medina
Published: January 2022

This article makes a modest and succinct exposition over the situation of tax advisers with the tax administration and their clients in the European Union, referring to professional secrecy as an essential basis of trust with their clients within the content of DIRECTIVE (EU) 2018/822 OF THE COUNCIL, of May 25, 2018 that modifies Directive 2011/16/EU, on administrative cooperation in the field of taxation and repealing Directive 77/799/EEC.
Nutrition at the End of Life: Basic Care or Treatment?
Authors: Garcia Francisco Rivas
Published: January 2022

The end of life involves consideration of a series of interventions, including nutrition and hydration, which can be considered as either basic care or treatment and which influence the approach to clinical care that can be offered. Although scientific literature is not clear as to this potential duality, it is necessary to take into account all concerns, advantages and disadvantages so that health care professionals can build into their clinical practice a professional criterion that allows consideration of access or limitation to nutrition and hydration based on physiological criteria.
Sanctity of Human Life in Bioethics
Authors: Kusmaryant Carolus Boromeus
Published: January 2022

Sanctity of human life plays important role in bioethics since the beginning of human life until its natural death. Sanctity of human life does not belong exclusively to religions but also to secular bioethical debate. One of the most important meanings of sanctity of human life is that human life should not be violated, opposed or destroyed, and, positively that it should be protected, defended and preserved. Preservation of human life is central in bioethics as an ethics of life because life is the most important property of human beings.
Revision of the Species Composition of Slime Molds in the Ile Alatau (Kazakhstan)
Authors: Rakhimova Yelena
Published: January 2022

After the revision, it was found that the biota of slime molds in the Ile Alatau (Kazakhstan) has 62 species. The article provides a systematic list of slime molds. In the Ile Alatau these fungi-like organisms are represented by two classes: Protosteliomycetes and Myxomycetes. The Myxomycetes class is more widely represented and has 4 orders. The largest number of species is characteristic of the genera Trichia (8 species), Physarum (6), Arcyria, Diderma (5 species each) and Badhamia (4 species). The most common species in the research area are Lycogala epidendrum, Fuligo septica, Hemitrichia clavata, Trichia varia, Stemonitis axifera, S. fusca, S. splendens and Stemonitopsis typhina. Representatives of slime molds were found on various 18 substrates. The largest number of slime molds species (54) was recorded on Picea schrenkiana. There are 13 species on Populus tremula and 4 species on Betula tianschanica. The remaining substrates are characterized by 1-2 species. It is necessary to note the species of the genus Diderma that appear in early spring after snowfall: Diderma niveum, found on Artemisia juncea and representatives of Poaceae, and D. radiatum on dry grasses, leaves and branches of shrubs.
Mapping Television Shows that are of Favored by Elementary School Students
Authors: Sabardila Atiqa , Markhamah Markhamah , Arifin Zainal , Kusmanto Hari , Hidayah Lathifah Nurul , Kurniasari Anita Dewi , Saputro Duwi
Published: January 2022

The various television shows can now be easily accessed by children for 24 hours without the need for parental controls. Television shows that are presented are of various types, ranging from educational shows, cartoons to soap operas. This article aims to map out television shows that are of favored by elementary school students. The approach of this research is qualitative descriptive. The subjects of this study were elementary school students from grade I to grade VI. The data of this study were collected by using interview and observation methods. The data analysis of this study used an interactive method. The results of this study shows that television shows that are of favored by elementary school students are: Spongebob, Upin & Ipin, Kamen Rider Ex-Aid, Doraemon, Munki and Trunk, Si Bolang, On The Spot, Anak Langit, Tukang Ojek Pengkolan. It can be concluded that television shows that are favored by elementary school students are cartoon shows that have the power of imagination and creativity. There is a need for parental control when children watch television, especially on television shows in which the are elements of violence and bullying.
Mastery of Science Concepts Improves Scientific Attitude in Elementary School Students
Authors: Artaga Rajendra Cakra
Published: January 2022

Many students have low IPA abilities. Previous research stated that there are still many students who get science learning scores below the average. This study analyzes the relationship between students' scientific attitude and mastery of science concepts in fourth-grade elementary school. This type of research is quantitative research with the correlational method. The research design used is to formulate problems and determine research objectives. The subjects in this study were all students totaling 58 respondents who were taken using the cluster random sampling technique. The method used in this study discusses two variables, the independent variable is students' scientific attitude, and the dependent variable is the mastery of science concepts for grade IV elementary school. The data collection instrument in this study used measurement techniques in 15 formative questions on the dependent variable and 30 questionnaire sheets on the independent variable. Data were analyzed by parametric statistics or product-moment correlation. The results showed differences in the results of students' scientific attitude data with mastery of science concepts. The data showed that tcount was 2,431 > ttable was 1,672 at the significance level = 0.05 with the number of respondents 58 students. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that there is a positive relationship between students' scientific attitudes and mastery of science concepts. Mastery of science concepts can improve students' scientific attitudes.