bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Working together in special needs parenting: An innovative research dissemination project
Authors: Home Alice , Carter Irene , Scarth Sandra , Warren Rachel
Published: July 2020

Research findings are often inaccessible to those who need them and knowledge sharing between researchers, practitioners and community groups can be impeded by organizational, role and priority differences. This paper presents a university-community project designed to make research knowledge available to diverse users, facilitate their input, and build connections between diverse communities impacted by child disability. A team of Canadian researchers, social workers and community partners held workshops to discuss findings of a study on parenting adopted children with special needs and share research knowledge on advocacy for children with disabilities. Parents, service providers, professionals and organizations from disability and adoption communities met together in small mixed role groups to discuss the issues raised and identify priorities. Workshop material was captured to produce practical audio-visual and print documents, which were made available at no cost to all those who could use them. Formative and summative workshop evaluation concluded that project goals were achieved primarily because of ongoing community involvement and a respectful, open climate which encouraged sharing of expertise across roles and disciplines. Reflections of team members and community partners add data on the usefulness and challenges of this type of collaborative project.
Recognising and responding to the maltreatment of disabled children: A children’s rights approach
Authors: Hernon J , Brandon M , Cossar J , Shakespeare T
Published: July 2020

Research has established that disabled young people are at greater risk of experiencing all forms of maltreatment, especially neglect (Jones et al, 2012). Despite increasing awareness of their heightened vulnerability, the maltreatment of disabled children remains under-recognised and is under-reported. Disabled children have the same rights as all children to be protected from maltreatment; to have their concerns listened to; to participate fully in decisions made about them; and to receive help to recover from maltreatment. In this paper Cossar et al’s (2013) framework for understanding the processes of recognition, telling and receiving help following maltreatment from the child’s perspective, is applied to disabled children. The particular barriers that disabled children and those working with them face in recognising and responding to maltreatment are analysed by reviewing what is known about child protection practice with disabled children, mainly in the UK. Suggestions are made about how practice with disabled children could be improved.
Personalisation and disabled people: The rhetoric and the reality. A discussion paper regarding aspects of the transformation agenda
Authors: Sims Dave , Whisker Joanna
Published: July 2020

This critical discussion draws on the authors’ personal and professional experiences of personalisation. It argues that personalisation is a persuasive concept, constructed by political rhetoric, but requiring careful evaluation of its meaning and purpose. It has been progressively developed over the last few years as a guiding principle in the provision of social care services to people in the UK. For disabled people this has meant significant changes in the way services are delivered and the opportunity to receive support through means of direct payments or personal budgets, enabling them to have greater choice and control over the services they receive. In principle this should allow services to be tailored to individual needs by supporting disabled people to employ personal assistants and design their own packages of care. Whilst this has been a positive development in people’s lives, the idea of personalisation has been subject to many critiques. These will be discussed, and it will be argued that real improvements in people’s lives are not just dependent on receiving individualised funding. Wider structural issues, as well as prevailing attitudes and understandings of disability in society and by professionals, are critical to consider, if the physical and social barriers which obstruct people’s access to valued social roles and lives in the community are to be removed. For services and practitioners to become more enabling, there needs to be more awareness of and sensitivity towards values and messages inherent in the social model of disability and, on a more practical level, towards the sheer complexities of managing budgets and personal assistants. Through the experience of one disabled person, important factors impacting on the reality of personalisation will be considered, with the intention of deepening our understanding of the experience of personalisation beyond the popular rhetoric.
The entanglement of the stuff and practice of human service work: A case for complexity
Authors: Emslie Michael
Published: July 2020

The fact that social welfare professions including social work, youth work and community work deal with the lives and relationships of human beings is far from controversial. What is contentious is that in light of increasing intellectual work on the nature of social practices there is a failure in the human services literature to adequately examine the interdependencies and entanglements between conceptualisations of the stuff that the helping professions deals with and understandings of practice. This article examines the nexus and mediations between the phenomena and practice of social service work. The case is made that human services and the human beings they deal with are often imagined and represented in one-dimensional, unambiguous, calculable and orderable ways that align with neo-liberal inspired and technical approaches to practice. I argue that these accounts are inadequate and I suggest that practices of care and the people engaged in such practices should be constituted as complex, unpredictable, wicked and emergent. A key to good practice in the people professions is acknowledging and attending to this complexity and aporia.
Epistemology and social work: Integrating theory, research and practice through philosophical pragmatism
Authors: Hothersall Steve J
Published: July 2020

Debates regarding theory and practice in social work have often avoided detailed discussion regarding the nature of knowledge itself and the various ways this can be created. As a result, positivistic conceptions of knowledge are still assumed by many to be axiomatic, such that context-dependent and practitioner-oriented approaches to knowledge creation and use are assumed to lack epistemological rigor and credibility. By drawing on epistemology, this theoretical paper outlines the case for a renewed approach to knowledge definition, creation and use within social work by reference to pragmatism. Pragmatism has the potential to act as an organizing theoretical framework, taking account of the role of both ontology and epistemology, acting as a functional methodology for the further enhancement of practice-based knowledge.
Supporting families: A historical lens on the contradiction of support and neoliberal objectives
Authors: Shannon Mary
Published: July 2020

Abstract: An increased focus on ‘family’ has developed as part of the social investment state in many countries. In the particular case of England, an intensive state gaze on so-called Troubled Families has developed, where the emphasis is on families with more complex issues that draw on the financial resources of the state. Taking a historical perspective, an exploration of literature across several decades shows some continuity in the ideas of the troubled or problem family: interesting similarities across the decades are highlighted. Along with these portrayals, ideas about how such families can be supported are presented through this historical lens. Thus, contemporary support to families is then problematized, as arguably such support now occupies a space where the retrenched rights (to support) and the vigorously emphasised responsibilities (of individual behaviour and labour market activation) intersect. This article adds to debates on the discourse surrounding troubled families and the neoliberal policy management of the family, providing a discussion of the role of support in such a context.
The homeless individual’s viewpoint: Causes of homelessness and resources needed to leave the sheltered environment
Authors: Hardin Johnetta , Wille Diane E
Published: July 2020

Abstract: The current study is an investigation of homelessness from the viewpoint of the homeless, to determine the extent homeless individuals can provide information about causes of their homelessness, resources they need to leave the sheltered environment and attitudes about their current living arrangements. The 51 male and 52 female homeless participants in this study provided information about causes, resources needed and attitudes. Participants described multiple causes for their homelessness; males and females indicated differing causes. A wide range of resources were listed by the homeless individuals as needed to reduce their reliance on the sheltered environment, with some resources continuing beyond the attainment of a house and a job; males and females also indicated different needs. Findings in this study indicate that homeless individuals can provide relevant information and partner with social service professionals to create programs to meet individual needs and reduce reliance on sheltered environments.Keywords: homeless; sheltered environments; gender differences
O descobrimento (de uma língua) no cinema brasileiro
Authors: Pinto Denise Machado
Published: July 2020

Neste artigo, proponho-me a refletir sobre o funcionamento da memória discursiva a partir de um filme que marca a institucionalização do cinema no Brasil, durante os anos 30: O descobrimento do Brasil (1937), de direção de Humberto Mauro, com produção do Instituto de Cacau da Bahia. Minha perspectiva teórico-metodológica é fornecida pela Análise de Discurso pecheuxtiana, a qual me possibilita compreender o objeto fílmico em questão como um imbricamento de materialidades significantes. Minha análise se constrói a partir de dois recortes em que tomo o funcionamento do significante descobrimento de forma a compreender como ele mobiliza sentidos na e da língua, fazendo com que o próprio enredo reproduza na materialidade significante do audiovisual um discurso fundador de Brasil.
Suzy Lagazzi ou um guia à análise de discurso
Authors: Ragievicz Matheus França
Published: July 2020

Dedicamo-nos a apresentar, no presente texto, “O discurso nas fronteiras do social – volume 1”, livro realizado em homenagem à Suzy Lagazzi, docente no Departamento de Linguística do Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem (IEL) da UNICAMP e pesquisadora atuante no Laboratório de Estudos Urbanos (LABEURB) da mesma universidade. Os artigos presentes na coletânea são produções de orientandos, orientados e companheiros de sua trajetória intelectual. Refletindo a potência de formulação teórica da autora, os idealizadores da homenagem traçam com rigor a contribuição de Lagazzi para Análise de Discurso. Um guia indispensável para os iniciantes e/ou aspirantes aos estudos do discurso e também àqueles que desejam encontrar uma presença teórica singularmente brasileira no terreno da Análise do Discurso.
A experiência de criação de um dicionário compartilhado
Authors: Biazus Camilla Baldicera , Silveira Verli Fátima Petri da
Published: July 2020

Este artigo apresenta um dispositivo promotor de autoria nomeado como dicionário compartilhado, o qual pode ser visto como uma prática política e uma forma de expressão artística que provoca um movimento de ocupação do sensível dentro de uma lógica de representação, que vai contra a ordem que determina lugares de legitimização do dizer. Neste sentido, buscar-se-á refletir, no âmbito da discursividade, sobre o processo de escrita e autoria, apresentando ao leitor a noção de dicionário compartilhado a partir do relato de experiências desenvolvidas com jovens de uma Associação Cuica e acadêmicos de um Curso de Psicologia. A partir dessas vivências, é possível dizer que o dicionário compartilhado possibilita ao sujeito novas formas de partilhar o sensível, criando diferentes sentidos para a sua existência.
Da opacidade da palavra selfie no discurso digital
Authors: Soares Maraline Aparecida , Nunes Silvia Regina
Published: July 2020

O estudo que constitui este trabalho de pesquisa, fundamenta-se nos princípios teóricos e analíticos da Análise de Discurso, uma teoria linguística de caráter interpretativo que considera a relação língua, sujeito e história como indissociáveis. Deste modo, a reflexão desenvolvida concentra-se na produção de sentidos sobre a palavra selfie. Analisamos como o discurso digital sustenta a constituição desta palavra. Além disso, problematizamos como se configura uma memória da língua sobre a palavra selfie no espaço de enunciação brasileiro e nos posicionamos criticamente à definição formulada nos dicionários de língua inglesa e portuguesa, apostando nas diferentes historicidades constituídas entre o gesto de se auto fotografar e a relação com a palavra selfie.
APPLICATION OF BLOCKCHAIN BASED WAQF CROWDFUNDING IN FISHERMEN GROUP: CASE STUDY OF NAMBANGAN AND CUMPAT, SURABAYA
Authors: Sukmana Raditya , Setianto Rahmat Heru , Premananto Gancar Candra , Ajija Shochrul Rohmatul
Published: July 2020

Background: The image of fishermen so far is a group of people classified as poor. One effort to reduce poverty is to revive the microenterprise economy through cooperatives and utilize waqf funds as an alternative source of financing for microbusinesses. The Mining and Cumpat Fishermen Group of Kenjeran District in Surabaya City has now received capital injections from productive endowments in their cooperatives. However, another problem arises from productive waqf there, the waqf that is collected is not as much as what is needed by the person. Purpose: This service program is expected to produce an outcome that is a blockchain based application that can facilitate endowments and willingness. Thus it is expected to help increase the capital of the Fishermen and Cumpat Fishermen Group, Kenjeran District, Surabaya City. Method: This service program used a participatory method whereby the companion was also involved in the application business process. In addition, the companion also asked for active participation from the mauquf alaih to provide detailed information about his business. Thus, the facilitators could promote to the prospective waqf to channel the endowment funds. Results: This assistance program produced a waqf application with blockchain technology that can be accessed on waqf.network. Conclusion: This program was considered effective in growing trust in the distribution of waqf funds. In addition, maukuf alaih also makes it easier to get investors in developing their businesses.
Robotic esophagectomy: the evolution of open esophagectomy to current techniques and a review of the literature
Authors: Hasson Rian M. , Fay Kayla A. , Phillips Joseph D. , Millington Timothy M. , Finley David J.
Published: July 2020

Esophageal cancer persists as one of the most common causes of cancer-related death and 5-year survival remains poor at 20%. Surgical resection is the gold standard for treatment and cure, and the development of minimally invasive surgery has increased the popularity of robotic-assisted minimally-invasive esophagectomy. The benefits described include less morbidity and greater patient satisfaction compared to open techniques. Nevertheless, institution capabilities and surgeon experience are strong determinants of whether a robotic program will be adopted for oncologic esophageal care. Thus, we review the available literature regarding the history of esophagectomy, evolution to minimally invasive approaches, the introduction of robotic-assisted esophagectomy including its respective outcomes in comparison to open and minimally invasive approaches, and future directions.
Les hormones du lait : provenance et rôles
Authors: OLLIVIER-BOUSQUET M.
Published: July 2020

Le lait contient de nombreuses hormones. Pour certaines hormones les concentrations dans le lait sont plus élevées que dans le plasma. Les hormones du lait peuvent soit provenir du sang, et dans ce cas elles sont transportées à travers les cellules épithéliales mammaires, soit être synthétisées par le tissu mammaire. Cet article envisage les rôles possibles de ces hormones sur le fonctionnement de la cellule épithéliale mammaire et sur la physiologie du nouveau-né. Il souligne l’importance d’une transmission d’information hormonale par l’alimentation lactée entre la mère et le jeune.
Ajustements technico-économiques possibles de l’alimentation des volailles dans les pays chauds
Authors: PICARD M. , SAUVEUR B. , FENARDJI F. , ANGULO I.
Published: July 2020

L’aviculture des régions chaudes doit tenir compte de deux facteurs limitants majeurs : le climat qui freine la consommation énergétique des volailles et modifie l’habitat et les cycles de productions (croissance ralentie, oeufs plus petits...) et l’importation, pour beaucoup de pays chauds, des céréales et du tourteau de soja avec des devises de plus en plus rares. Les solutions nutritionnelles viables à moyen terme, pour les volailles, sont celles qui tiennent compte de ces deux types de contraintes dans le choix des normes de formulation et qui intégreront l’aviculture dans le développement agro-industriel global de ces pays. Sept exemples expérimentaux illustrent la recherche de solutions adaptées, en collaboration entre l’INRA et plusieurs pays chauds. Pour être efficacement appliquées ces solutions requièrent une adaptation pratique par les professionnels de l’aviculture dans chaque situation. La distribution ad libitum d’un régime complet laisse peu d’espoir de pouvoir compenser les effets négatifs de la chaleur sur les performances par des ajustements de sa composition. Par contre, certaines erreurs comme l’augmentation de la teneur de l’aliment en protéines de mauvaise "qualité", c’est-à-dire avec des concentrations relativement basses d’acides aminés indispensables digestibles, peuvent aggraver les effets du climat. Le niveau d’ingestion énergétique faible des poules pondeuses permet d’envisager l’utilisation de régimes dilués, granulés, contenant des quantités plus importantes de sous-produits disponibles localement et ayant une valeur nutritionnelle, comme les issues de céréales. La combinaison de rythmes lumineux et de systèmes d’alimentation discontinue en supprimant l’accès à la mangeoire quelques heures avant et pendant le pic thermique quotidien permet de maîtriser les mortalités excessives des poulets de chair en période de finition. Le fractionnement du régime complet ouvre des voies de recherches stimulantes dont deux ont déjà prouvé un intérêt :- technico-économique, dans le cas de l’alimentation calcique séparée des poules pondeuses qui induit une augmentation de l’ingéré énergétique du matin et une amélioration de la ponte ;- économique par l’utilisation d’un aliment complémentaire unique pour le poulet et la pondeuse distribué en libre choix avec des céréales graines entières pouvant être produites par l’aviculteur ou acquises à moindre coût (et des coquilles d’huîtres pour la ponte). Cette solution permet de limiter les transports et les gaspillages de matières premières en concentrant l’effort technique sur un seul produit. La mise au point de modèles d’alimentation alternatifs prenant en compte les rythmes de températures et de lumière existant dans les poulaillers ouverts des pays tropicaux est un domaine d’avenir qui devrait stimuler les échanges scientifiques Sud-Nord.
Effets respectifs de la génétique et du milieu sur la production et la composition du lait de vache. Etude en exploitations
Authors: AGABRIEL C. , COULON J.B. , MARTY G. , BONAÏTI B. , BONIFACE P.
Published: July 2020

Soixante-trois exploitations laitières du Massif Central adhérentes au Contrôle Laitier et élevant des vaches Holstein ont fait l’objet d’une enquête détaillée concernant à la fois la structure de l’exploitation et du troupeau, la qualité des fourrages utilisés (y compris leur composition chimique), les pratiques alimentaires hivernales et estivales et les caractéristiques génétiques des animaux (index et effet troupeau pour le lait, le taux butyreux et le taux protéique). L’état corporel et le tour thoracique des animaux ont par ailleurs été mesurés. Ces données ont permis d’analyser conjointement les variations de la production et de la composition chimique du lait d’une exploitation à l’autre, et de préciser certains facteurs du milieu responsables de ces variations. La production moyenne par vache et par an a varié de 5040 à 8330 kg, le taux butyreux de 36,5 à 42,9 g/kg et le taux protéique de 28,1 à 32,4 g/kg. Ces écarts sont principalement liés aux facteurs du milieu. Les performances les plus faibles sont rencontrées dans les exploitations où les pratiques alimentaires sont les moins favorables : une alimentation énergétique insuffisante chez les génisses puis chez les vaches en production, se traduisant par un état corporel médiocre et un faible développement corporel des animaux est associée aux productions laitières et aux taux protéiques les plus faibles. L’absence de liaison significative entre les effets troupeau taux protéique et lait, qui conduit à observer les taux protéiques les plus élevés dans des exploitations où la production laitière est moyenne est discutée. En particulier, le rôle de la nature des aliments (valeur laitière de la ration), de l’état corporel des animaux et de leur état sanitaire est mis en évidence. Les variations du taux butyreux du lait sont d’abord liées à la nature de la ration de base (présence ou non d’ensilage de maïs).
Possibilités de réduction des rejets azotés en aviculture
Authors: LECLERCQ B. , TESSERAUD S.
Published: July 2020

Il est possible de réduire les pertes d’azote, sources potentielles de pollution, en élevage avicole, en ayant recours soit à un usage plus développé des acides aminés industriels soit à des génotypes de poulets utilisant plus efficacement les acides aminés alimentaires. La première possibilité se heurte encore à quelques difficultés qui relèvent soit d’une mauvaise connaissance des besoins exacts en acides aminés limitants autres que la méthionine et la lysine, soit d’une légère toxicité des concentrations élevées des acides aminés libres des aliments. On peut, pour le moment, espérer une réduction de 10% des rejets d’azote par cette technique sans pertes de performances. Une supplémentation plus importante, si elle ne réduisait pas la vitesse de croissance et l’efficacité alimentaire, pourrait conduire à une baisse de 35% des rejets d’azote. L’utilisation de génotypes transformant plus efficacement les acides aminés alimentaires en protéines corporelles pourrait permettre une réduction de 15% des rejets d’azote. Ces génotypes présentent probablement des changements de besoins relatifs en acides aminés (protéine idéale). Globalement ces deux approches laissent espérer une réduction maximum de 50% des pertes d’azote en élevage avicole intensif. Dès à présent elles peuvent contribuer à les diminuer de 25%.
Engraissement des vaches de réforme de race Charolaise. Effet d’une suralimentation protéique sur les performances d’engraissement et les caractéristiques physico-chimiques musculaires
Authors: ROUX M. , DUMONT R. , AGABRIEL J. , BONNEMAIRE J. , MICOL D.
Published: July 2020

L’influence du niveau azoté de la ration pour la finition de la vache de réforme de race Charolaise a été étudiée au cours de deux essais successifs portant sur un effectif total de 82 animaux. L’objectif était d’évaluer l’effet strict d’un apport d’azote excédentaire sur la reprise de poids, l’efficacité alimentaire, la proportion de muscle dans le gain de poids de carcasse et les caractéristiques physico-chimiques des deux muscles longissimus du thorax et rhomboïde thoracique. Pour chaque essai, 41 vaches de réforme âgées en moyenne de 5 ans, maigres et taries ont été réparties en 5 lots homologues pour l’âge, le poids et l’état d’engraissement : 4 lots ont été engraissés avec un régime à base d’ensilage de maïs plante entière et de tourteau de soja et un lot de 5 vaches a été abattu au début de la période expérimentale comme témoin initial. Les lots N, M et H1 ont reçu des rations isoénergétiques apportant respectivement 90, 120 ou 160 g de PDI/UFL. Le lot H2 a reçu 160 g de PDI/UFL avec ensilage de maïs ad libitum pour évaluer l’effet du niveau azoté de la ration sur l’ingestion. Le lot N a été abattu à un état d’engraissement optimum (note 3,5 sur 5) et les 3 autres lots à même durée moyenne d’engraissement que le lot N (81 j pour l’essai 1 et 75 j pour l’essai 2). A même quantité d’énergie ingérée, l’élévation du niveau azoté de la ration (lots N, M et H1) n’améliore pas significativement la reprise de poids vif (1320 g/j pour le lot H1 vs 1070 g/j pour le lot N). Les poids de carcasse sont pratiquement identiques (respectivement 376 kg et 382 kg pour les lots N et H1). L’état d’engraissement, apprécié par les proportions de tissu adipeux du 5ème quartier et de la carcasse, a tendance à diminuer avec l’augmentation du niveau azoté. La suralimentation protéique ne modifie pas significativement les teneurs intramusculaires en lipides et collagène ainsi que les caractéristiques de cisaillement, de couleur et de rétention d’eau de la viande. A niveau azoté élevé, lorsque l’ensilage de maïs est distribué à volonté (comparaison lots N et H2), la quantité de matière sèche ingérée augmente de 0,7 kg/j, soit 0,6 UFL. Cette ingestion supplémentaire d’énergie a tendance à améliorer la reprise de poids mais accroît significativement les dépôts adipeux de la carcasse et du 5ème quartier.
Données complémentaires sur les durées de mastication chez des vaches laitières recevant des rations riches en fourrage : influence de la nature du fourrage et du niveau d’apport d’aliment concentré
Authors: DULPHY J.P. , ROUEL J. , JAILLER M. , SAUVANT D.
Published: July 2020

La durée de mastication des rations est une donnée importante à prendre en compte lorsqu’on rationne des vaches laitières. C’est pourquoi les résultats obtenus pour 26 rations ont été récapitulés et ajoutés à 14 autre déjà publiés. Pour les 40 rations concernées les animaux ont ingéré 11,4 kg de MS de fourrage et 5,8 kg d’aliment riche en énergie (proportion égale à 34 %). Les effets sur l’indice de fibrosité (durée de mastication par kg de MS ingérée) de la nature du fourrage, du niveau d’apport de concentré et du hachage dans une ration complète ont été précisés. Les résultats ont été comparés à ceux de la littérature. La prévision des indices de fibrosité à partir de la teneur en cellulose brute des fourrages est discutée. Le recours à ce critère nécessite de distinguer les différentes catégories de fourrage (foin de graminées, foin de luzerne, ensilage de maïs, ensilage d’herbe). Enfin les conditions nécessaires pour mettre en place un système précis de prévision de ces indices sont données.
Aptitude à la coagulation du lait de vache. Influence de la race, des variants génétiques des lactoprotéines du lait, de l’alimentation et du numéro de lactation
Authors: MACHEBOEUF D. , COULON J.B. , D’HOUR P.
Published: July 2020

Cent trente sept vaches laitières de race Pie-Noir (41), Montbéliarde (42) ou Tarentaise (54), en première ou deuxième lactation, ont reçu au cours de l’hiver deux niveaux d’alimentation énergétique (haut : H et bas : B), et ont été ensuite alimentées de manière identique au pâturage. Des mesures individuelles de la composition chimique du lait et de son aptitude à la coagulation ont été réalisées 3 fois pendant l’hiver et 2 fois au pâturage. Chez les Pie-Noir, les taux de caséines et de calcium et l’aptitude à la coagulation (temps de raffermissement et fermeté du gel) ont été inférieurs (P<0,01) à ceux mesurés chez les vaches Montbéliardes et Tarentaises. Ces écarts disparaissent pratiquement lorsque l’on tient compte de la répartition des différents variants de la caséine kappa et de la teneur en caséines du lait. Les laits de type kappa BB ont présenté une aptitude à la coagulation supérieure de 20 à 50% selon les paramètres à ceux de type AA. Dans les 3 races, le lait des animaux du lot H ont présenté des taux de caséines supérieurs de 1,4 g/l à ceux des lots B, ce qui a entraîné une amélioration significative du temps de raffermissement, de la fermeté du gel et du rendement fromager. La mise à l’herbe s’est accompagnée d’une augmentation de 0,02 unité du pH du lait et d’une amélioration de son aptitude à la coagulation. Ces modifications ne semblent pas pouvoir être totalement expliquées par l’augmentation parallèle du taux de caséines du lait. L’aptitude du lait à la coagulation, mesurée chez les mêmes animaux au cours de leur 2 premières lactations, semble supérieure en deuxième lactation.
KOMBINASI ENZIM POLIGALAKTURONASE DAN ENZIM PEKTINESTERASE PADA KLARIFIKASI SARI BUAH NAGA SUPER MERAH (Hylocereus Costaricensis) DALAM PEMBUATAN SIRUP
Authors: Widowati Esti , Sari Ardhea Mustika , Ningsih Rokhimah Sudarmi
Published: July 2020

The aim of this research was to investigated the effect of polygalacturonase enzyme (PG) from Bacillus licheniformis strain GD2a AR2 0.09%, 0.1%, and 0.11% concentration combine with pectinesterase enzyme (PE) from Bacillus licheniformis strain GD2a KK2 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% concentration on the super red dragon fruit juice calrification in syrup production based in pH, total soluble solids, transmittance, and viscosity. Polygalacturonase enzyme hydrolized the α-1,4- D-glycosidic form galacturonic acid while the pectinesterase enzyme break the metoxyl group of pectin form pectat acid. Both PG and PE work together to hydrolized pectin. Pectinesterase catalyzed pectin become pectat acid as the substrat for polygalacturonase. In the lower acid degree, polygalcturonase and pectinesterase enzyme combination cause the viscosity and total soluble solids decrease. Degradation of pectin cause the transmittance of super red dragon fruit syrup increase. The result of this research were obtained a partially pure polygalacturonase enzyme with enzyme activity 0.31 U/ml while the pectinesterase enzyme activity was 1.167 U/ml. Samples with the addition 0.11% concentration of poligalakturonase enzyme and 0.5% concentration of pectinesterase enzyme with pH value of 4.303, total soluble solid value of 38.133oBrix, transmittance value of 74.5%T, and viscocity value of  0.128cP was selected sample. 
The Other Side of Zakat in Poverty Reduction: A Phenomenology Study
Authors: Widyatama Arif , Baso Andi Sabirin , Haq Fathiatul
Published: July 2020

This study aims to understand the phenomenon of zakat given to Mustahiq. The Mustahiq uses the zakat to increase income through business development so that it can reduce poverty. The research method used is qualitative using a phenomenology approach. This study interviewed three informants who received zakat. The results of this study reveal that zakat has a different spiritual value from taxes. When zakat is distibuted, it can increase the income of the grantees. BAZNAS management system must be carried out in a professional, transparent and accountable manner and aims at eradicating poverty and unemployment in Palu with a cultural approach based on faith. Besides, it helps the poor in community. One of the goals is to create some of muzakki and awareness of helping each other.

 
Biodiversitas Capung Subordo Zygoptera Sebagai Bioindikator Kualitas Air Di Aliran Sungai Kawasan Muria Desa Colo Kabupaten Kudus Jawa Tengah
Authors: Husnia Fiki , Hidayat Saifullah , Setyawati Siti Mukhlishoh
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan hasil perhitungan indeks biodiversitas serta nilai FBI (Family Biotic Index) dan menganalisis data keanekaragaman jenis capung subordo Zygoptera sebagai bioindikator kualitas air di aliran sungai kawasan Muria. Jenis penelitian ini termasuk penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian dilakukan tanggal 15-25 Agustus 2018 dan tanggal 5-7 Januari 2019 di tiga stasiun yaitu Sungai Kembang, ±200 mdpl, Air Terjun Montel, ±600 mdpl, dan Sungai Roti, ±800 mdpl. Seluruh data capung diambil dengan menggunakan metode jelajah (visual day flying) dan engambilan sampel air dengan menggunakan water sample. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan ada 180 individu capung subordo Zygoptera dari 4 spesies dan 4 family yaitu Euphaea variegata (Euphaeidae), Nososticta insignis (Protoneuridae), Vestalis luctuosa (Calopterygidae), dan Copera marginipes (Platycnemididae). Spesies capung yang banyak dijumpai yaitu capung Euphaea variegata yang memiliki indeks kelimpahan paling tinggi. Keanekaragaman jenis bekisar antara 0,7-0,8(rendah), indeks kemerataan jenisnya berkisar antara 0,5-0,6 (cukup merata) dan dominansi jenisnya berkisar antara 0,4-0,5 (sedang) dikarenakan kondisi lingkungan yang kurang stabil sebagai habitat capung. Keanekaragaman jenis capung memiliki keterkaitan sebagai bioindikator kualitas air dan analisis nilai FBI (Family Biotic Index) family Euphaeidae, Protoneuridae, Calopterygidae dan Platycnemididae secara berturut-turut yaitu 3,7; 2,8; 0,1; dan 0,06 yang menunjukkan kualitas air sungai di kawasan Muria desa Colo, Kudus dalam kategori sangat baik dan tidak terpolusi bahan organik. Hal ini membuktikan capung subordo Zygoptera dapat dijadikan sebagai bioindikator kualitas air untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pencemaran bahan organik di suatu perairan. 
Penerapan Asesmen Written feedback Untuk Meningkatkan Penguasaan Konsep Siswa SMP
Authors: Rahma Shiami Dyah Ayu
Published: July 2020

This research entitled the application of written feedback  assessment to improve the mastery of student concepts. This study aims to determine the mastery of student concepts through the application of written feedback  assessment in the learning of ecosystem materials. The research method used in this research is descriptive method. The sample in this study is the 30 students of SMP Negeri 6 Sukabumi class VII G. Sampling of this research was taken randomly by using Purposive Sampling technique. The instrument used in the research are Student Worksheet which is used to measure the mastery of the concept of the student and the questionnaire used to obtain additional data in the form of student responses to the learning with the application of written feedback  assessment. The results showed that the provision of written feedback  assessment in learning can improve the mastery of student concepts. Applying written feedback  assessments can also encourage students to be more active in their learning process, building student motivation to be willing to process and improve their abilities. In other words the application of written feedback  assessment is very feasible to apply in school learning.
PENGEMBANGAN CD INTERAKTIF BERBASIS MACROMEDIA FLASH SISTEM REPRODUKSI PADA MANUSIA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP DAN BERPIKIR KREATIF
Authors: Saptaningrum Noor Elies
Published: July 2020

ABSTRAK

Tujuan penilitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan CD interaktif berbasis macromedia flash sebagai media pembelajaran di MA Matholi’ul Huda Jepara khususnya pada mata pelajaran Biologi istem eproduksi manusia dan menganalisis pengaruh pengembangan CD interaktif berbasis macromedia flash sistem reproduksi manusia terhadap meningkatkan pemahaman konsep dan berpikir kreatif siswa. Penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian R & D dengan langkah sebagai berikut; pengumpulan data,pembuatan produk awal, penilaian pakar, revisi 1, uji coba lapangan, revisi 2, penilaian pakar, (produksi masal).  Hasil penelitian dari pakar  menunjukan skor 81,25% dengan keterangan layak untuk digunakan di MA Matholi’ul Huda Jepara dan skor 93 %  dari angket ketertarikan siswa. Hasil penelitian di kelas XI IPA 1 menunjukkan  analisis berfikir kreatif mendapat t hitung – 53,548, analisis pemahaman konsep siswa mendapat t hitung -75,836, menunjukan bahwa berfikir kreatif dan pemahaman konsep siswa meningkat, maka hipotesis diterima, artinya terdapat peningkatan berfikir kreatif dan pemahaman kosep siswa menggunakan media pembelajaran CD interaktif.

 Kata Kunci : CD interaktif, pemahaman konsep, berpikir kreatif

 
EKSPLORASI NILAI-NILAI KEISLAMAN DAN ETIKA LINGKUNGAN PADA KOMUNITAS PEDULI SUNGAI DI KECAMATAN CLUWAK PATI
Authors: Wardhani Irma Yuniar
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksplorasi lapangan dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Penentuan subyek penelitian dilakukan dengan purposive sampling. Pihak yang dijadikan sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah mereka yang mengetahui, memahami, dan mengalami fokus kajian penelitian ini, yaitu yang mengetahui, memahami sejarah dan pelaksanaan kegiatan sebagai upaya pengamalan nilai-nilai keislaman dan etika lingkungan pada komunitas peduli sungai di kecamatan Cluwak, Pati. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, yaitu: teknik observasi, teknik wawancara dan dokumentasi. Data-data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis dalam beberapa tahap yaitu: tabulasi dan klasifikasi data, reduksi data, interpretasi data dan penyimpulan data. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa adanya fenomena penumpukan sampah di sekitar jembatan Kebolanjam yang berada di titik 500 m sungai B, komunitas peduli sungai mengambil langkah operasional yang efektif dan kreatif untuk mengatasi pencemaran sampah di sekitar aliran sungai sebagai wujud nyata etika terhadap lingkungan dengan konsep bersih dan elok serta tidak melupakan upaya untuk perbaikan sikap masyarakat melalui internalisasi nilai-nilai islam (nilai ilahiyah dan insaniyah) melalui majelis taklim dan peningkatan pendidikan agama dalam berbagai forum atau kegiatan masyarakat desa Ngablak secara kontinyu
ANALISIS TINGKAT KESADARAN LINGKUNGAN PADA MAHASISWA TADRIS IPA DALAM MENGAPLIKASIKAN PEMBELAJARAN TENTANG PAPERLESS DI IAIN SALATIGA
Authors: Millatuzzuhriyah Aufi , Rofiah Hayi Qoidatur , Zuhaida Anggun
Published: July 2020

Saat ini lingkungan sudah menunjukkan banyak kerusakan, utamanya hutan. Hal ini sangat dipengaruhi oleh tindakan manusia sebagai pengguna. Seperti halnya pembakaran hutan, pertambangan, penebangan secara liar, dan bahkan tindakan sepele yang seringkali kita abaikan sebenarnya sangat memberikan efek buruk bagi lingkungan jika terus menerus kita lakukan seperti penggunaan kertas (termasuk tissue) yang bebas dan berlebihan. Mahasiswa khususnya mahasiswa Tadris IPA yang diharapkan dapat menjadi pelopor utamanya dalam menjaga kelestarian alam ini, dan menjadi subjek sekaligus tolok ukur dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat kesadaran mahasiswa Tadris IPA pada lingkungan khususnya dalam mengaplikasikan pembelajaran tentang paperless di IAIN Salatiga. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Analisis yang digunakan dengan bantuan instrument berupa lembar refleksi yang diberikan kepada 22 mahasiswa Jurusan Tadris IPA FTIK IAIN Salatiga yang diambil secara acak dari semester 3, semester 5, dan semester 7 Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019. Dari data yang didapatkan, tingkat kesadaran lingkungan pada mahasiswa Tadris IPA dalam mengaplikasikan pembelajaran tentang paperless masih tergolong rendah dengan persentase nilai rata-rata yaitu 41,8%. Hal ini disebabkan oleh berbagai aspek termasuk diantaranya adalah pola hidup mahasiswa baik didalam maupun diluar kelas. Sehingga kedepannya diharapkan mahasiswa Tadris IPA sebagai pelopor konservasi lingkungan melalui pembelajaran IPA dapat meningkatkan sikap peduli lingkungan pada mahasiswa Tadris IPA IAIN Salatiga.
Kesehatan Tes Sebagai Syarat Pra Nikah (Studi UU Pernikahan di Kuwait)
Authors: Munawaroh Lathifah
Published: July 2020

Kesehatan sering tidak mendapat porsi perhatian dalam persiapan perkawinan. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari ketiadaan peraturan perundang-undangan tentang ini baik dalam KHI ataupun UU Perkawinan. Ditambah pula dalam fiqih klasik pun tidak ditemukan pembahasan tes kesehatan sebagai salah satu syarat pra nikah. Di Indonesia telah diterapkan Imunisasi Tetanus Toksoid bagi calon pengantin perempuan untuk mencegah Tetanus, TBC, Differi, Batuk Rejan dan Campak, tidak dapat mengetahui riwayat kesehatan calon pasangan dan penyakit menular seksual dan keturunan, seperti HIV/AIDS dan Thalasemia yang semakin mewabah dengan angka yang semakin meningkat pada tiap tahunnya. Cek kesehatan bagi pasangan yang akan menikah menjadi salah satu solusi pencegahan bertambahnya angka penyakit ini, karena cek kesehatan lebih komprehensif. Keharmonisan rumah tangga dengan kehadiran keturunan sehat dari rumah tangga yang sehat pula. Pemeliharaan keturunan menjadi salah satu bagian dari Maqashid al-Syariah.

 

Penelitian ini bersifat study literatur, dan memberikan sebuah hasil: Praktek ini telah diterapkan oleh banyak negara, salah satunya di Kuwait yang menerapkan peraturan ini sebagai salah satu contoh untuk dapat dipertimbangkan penerapannya di negara Indonesia. Tentu penerapan ini bersifat ijtihadiyyah, yang dapat berganti sesuai dengan kondisi yang malatarbelakangi.

 
Analysis of Factors Associated with Visit of Infants and Toddlers to Posyandu in Wonorejo Village, Wates Subdistrict, Kediri Regency
Authors: Yuliawati Dwi , Astutik Reni Yuli
Published: July 2020

Posyandu provides convenience to the community in obtaining basic health services. The coverage of toddler weighing in Indonesia amounted to 71.4% in 2011 which means it has not met the target. The purpose of the research is to know the factors related to the visit of infants and toddlers to Posyandu in Wonorejo village, Wates subdistrict, Kediri regency. Design research uses correlational research design with a retrospective cohort approach. The research sample was  infants and toddlers in January – October 2018 that meet the criteria of 120 people through proportional random sampling. Data collection using the data collector sheet on November 26-30, 2018. Data analysis with Chi-Square and Fisher Exact Test with a signification rate of α = 0.05. From the Chi-Square statistical test, there was a relationship between the mother's age (P = 0.043; POR = 2,911 95% CI: 1,126-7,527), mother's education (P = 0.020; POR = 0,281 95% CI: 0,102-0,774), child's age (P = 0.004; POR = 5,489 95% CI: 1,739-17,330) with infant and toddler visits to the Posyandu and from Fisher Exact test, there was a relationship between mother’s job (P = 0.029; POR = 0,290 95% CI: 0,103-0,819) with the visit of infants and toddlers to Posyandu. From the above results are known that the dominant variables associated with the visit of infants and toddlers to Posyandu is the age of the child indicating that the age of children < 24 months have a chance of 5.489 times more to the child's age ≥ 24 months.
The Effectiveness of Lavender (Lavendula Augustfolia) and Neroli (Citrus Aurantium) Aromatherapy Inhalation to Decrease Pain Labor
Authors: Azizah Nurul , Rosyidah Rafhani , Machfudloh Hanik
Published: July 2020

Maternal labor will experience almost all body pain, such as painful ribs, stitches, abdominal pain due to uterine contractions, and discomfort in the back due to epidural needles, and this discomfort will last several days and can be overcome by prescription for painkillers. In this study aimed at carrying out non-famacological pain relief therapy, namely by using aromatherapy which is believed to reduce pain, this study tried to compare the effectiveness of lavender and neroli aromatherapy inhalation to decrease post-labor pain. The research method used quasi-experimental that is given aromatherapy lavender (Lavendula Augustfolia) and neroli (Citrus Aurantium) inhalation treatments. The number of respondents was 60 with 1-2 days of normal and postpartum criteria, each group consisted of 30 respondents. Group 1 was held at the Pearl Delta Clinic RB and group 2 in the Karunia RB Clinic. Data were analyzed by univariable by using mean and standard deviation, bivariable with statistical test independent sample T test. The results of this study showed a mean reduction in pain scores on lavender aromatherapy inhalation of 2.36 ± 0.15, whereas in the aromatherapy neroli inhalation group the mean reduction in pain score was 3.03 ± 0.067 with a P value <0.002 indicating a significant relationship. The conclusion of this study is the inhalation of lavender aromatherapy (LavendulaAugustfolia) and neroli (Citrus Aurantium) can reduce the intensity of postpartum pain, but in the aromatherapy neroli inhalation group has a greater pain reduction score than the lavender group.
Analysis Factors That Affecting the Incidence of Hypertension in Menopausal Woman
Authors: Gita Maringga Estin , Yunia Sari Nunik Ike
Published: July 2020

Hypertension is an increased incidence of blood pressure characterized by the increase of sistole and diastole. Hypertension if not properly administered, can cause a variety of complications such as stroke, heart failure, renal failure, encephalopathy, and others. Based on the statistical data of menopause women risk to experience hypertension of 41% compared with males. This research aims to analyze the risk factors that affect the incidence of hypertension in menopausal women in the village Kayen Kidul. The design of research in this study uses cross sectional, with the population is all menopause women who have hypertension in the village of South Kayen, using simple random samplling technique, obtained as many as 71 respondents . The variables in this study consist of a free variable that is age and a history of the use of KB and variables bound in the form of hypertension in menopausal women. The study was conducted on 16-21 September 2019, collecting data using interview and observation techniques using data collection sheets. Data analysts use linear regression, with calculations using SPSS. The results in this study were obtained from 71 respondents, 59.2% of the mother aged < 60 years, 69% had a history of hormonal contraceptives, 57.6% menopause had hypertension. The aged menopause ≥ 60 years and has a history of hormonal contraceptives have a greater risk of hypertensive incidence in menopause.
Effect of Family Characteristics on Stunting Events in Toddlers Aged 6-59 Months
Authors: Izah Nilatul , Zulfiana Evi , Rahmanindar Nora
Published: July 2020

Stunting is defined as a chronic condition that is a picture of stunted growth due to lack of nutrition in the long run and or due to other problems. Stunting, especially in infants, can slow down both physical and mental development of children, so special attention is needed. Many factors influence the incidence of stunting, including family characteristics such as family economic status, mother's education, parents 'height and parents' level of knowledge about toddler nutrition. The purpose of this study is to analyze the distribution and determinant of stunting based on family characteristics in toddlers aged 6-59 months. This type of research is quantitative with casecontrol design. The research sample was taken by consecutive sampling. The sample used in this study is the case and control group selected by case and control ratio of 1: 1. The case group consisted of mothers of toddlers aged 6 - 59 months who experienced stunting and the control group consisted of mothers of toddlers aged 6 - 59 months who did not experience stunting (normal). The results showed that maternal age affected stunting, mother's education did not affect stunting, mother's work did not affect stunting, mother's knowledge affected stunting, parental height affected stunting.
Antiutilitarismo di Dante
Authors: Romanelli Marco
Published: July 2020

È opinione oggi largamente diffusa che la visione storica e politica di Dante abbia caratteri fortemente conservatori o addirittura reazionari. In sintesi, la polemica dantesca contro lʼavarizia e la cupidigia nasconderebbe un radicale rifiuto della modernità e della nuova realtà socioeconomica che si stavano affermando ai suoi tempi, in nome di un ritorno al «buon tempo antico» e al mondo immobile e chiuso della tradizione. In questo saggio intendo dimostrare, al contrario, che lʼipotesi elaborata da Dante è tuttʼaltro che conservatrice, ma propone invece un modello rivoluzionario di società fondata sui valori del dono e della caritas opposti allʼutilitarismo che fino da allora si stava imponendo come principio guida della civiltà occidentale.