bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mid-tropospheric δD observations from IASI/MetOp at high spatial and temporal resolution
Authors: Lacour J.-L. , Risi C. , Clarisse L. , Bony S. , Hurtmans D. , Clerbaux C. , Coheur P.-F.
Published: May 2012

Abstract. In this paper we present a method to retrieve HDO, H2O and δD from IASI radiances spectra. It relies on an existing radiative transfer model (Atmosphit) and optimal estimation inversion scheme, but goes further than our previous work by explicitly considering correlations between the two species. Global (fixed) HDO and H2O a priori profiles together with a covariance matrix were built from daily model simulations of HDO and H2O profiles (the LMDz-iso model is used) over the whole globe and a whole year. The retrieval parameters are described and characterized in terms of errors. We show that IASI is mostly sensitive to δD in the middle troposphere and allows retrieving δD for an integrated 3–6 km column with an error of 38‰ on an individual measurement basis. We examine the performance of the retrieval to capture the temporal (seasonal and short-term) and spatial variations of δD by analyzing one year of measurement at two dedicated sites (Darwin and Izaña) and a latitudinal band from −60° to 60° for a 15 days period in January. The performances are compared with LMDz-iso simulations. We report a general excellent agreement between IASI and the model and demonstrate the capabilities of IASI to reproduce the large scale variations of δD (seasonal cycle and latitudinal gradient) with good accuracy. In particular, we show that there is no systematic significant bias in the retrieved δD values in comparison with the model, and that the retrieved variability is similar to the modeled one although there are certain significant differences depending on the location. Moreover the noticeable differences between IASI and the model reported and briefly examined tend to suggest modeling issues instead of retrieval effects. Finally, we strengthen the unprecedented capabilities of IASI to capture short-term variations in δD, further highlighting the added value of the sounder for monitoring hydrological processes.
Glacial-interglacial variability in Tropical Pangaean Precipitation during the Late Paleozoic Ice Age: simulations with the Community Climate System Model
Authors: Heavens N. G. , Mahowald N. M. , Soreghan G. S. , Soreghan M. J. , Shields C. A.
Published: May 2012

Abstract. The Late Paleozoic Ice Age (LPIA), the Earth's penultimate "icehouse climate", was a critical time in the history of biological and ecological evolution. Many questions remain about the connections between high-latitude glaciation in Gondwanaland and low-latitude precipitation variability in Pangaea. We have simulated the Earth's climate during Asselian-Sakmarian time (299–284 Ma) with the Community Climate System Model version 3 (CCSM3), a coupled dynamic atmosphere-ocean-land-sea-ice model. Our simulations test the sensitivity of the model climate to direct and indirect effects of glaciation as well as variability in the Earth's orbit. Our focus is on precipitation variability in tropical (30° S–30° N) Pangaea, where there has been the most interpretation of glacial-interglacial climate change during the LPIA. The results of these simulations suggest that glacials generally were drier than interglacials in tropical Pangaea, though exceptional areas may have been wetter, depending on location and the mode of glaciation. Lower sea level, an indirect effect of changes in glacial extent, appears to reduce tropical Pangaean precipitation more than the direct radiative/topographic effects of high-latitude glaciation. Glaciation of the Central Pangaean Mountains would have greatly reduced equatorial Pangaean precipitation, while perhaps enhancing precipitation at higher tropical latitudes and in equatorial rain shadows. Variability evident in strata with 5th order stratigraphic cycles may have resulted from precipitation changes owing to precession forcing of monsoon circulations and would have differed in character between greenhouse and icehouse climates.
Impacts of forest changes on hydrology: a case study of large watersheds in the upper reach of Yangtze River Basin
Authors: Cui X. , Liu S. , Wei X.
Published: May 2012

Abstract. Quantifying the effects of forest changes on hydrology in large watersheds is important for designing forest or land management and adaptation strategies for watershed ecosystem sustainability. Minjiang River watershed located in the upper reach of the Yangtze River Basin plays a strategic role in environmental protection and economic and social wellbeing for both the watershed and the entire Yangtze Basin. The watershed lies in the transition zone from Sichuan Basin to Qinghai-Tibet Plateau with a size of 24 000 km2. Due to its strategic significance, severe historic deforestation and high sensitivity to climate change, the watershed has long been one of the highest priority watersheds in China for scientific research and resource management. The purpose of this review paper is to provide a state-of-the-art summary on what we have learned from several recently-completed research programs (one of them known as "973 of the China National Major Fundamental Science" with funding of $3.5 million USD in 2002 to 2008). This summary paper focused on how land cover or forest change affected hydrology at both forest stand and watershed scales in this large watershed. Inclusion of two different spatial scales is useful because the results from a small spatial scale (e.g. forest stand level) can help interpret the findings at a large spatial scale. Our review suggests that historic forest harvesting or land cover change has caused significant water increase due to reduction of forest canopy interception and evapotranspiration caused by removal of forest vegetation at both spatial scales. The impact magnitudes caused by forest harvesting indicate that the hydrological effects of forest or land cover changes can be as important as those caused by climate change, while the opposite impact directions suggest their offsetting effects on water yields in the Minjiang River watershed. In addition, different types of forests have different magnitudes of ET with old-growth natural coniferous (Abies) forests being the lowest and the coniferous plantations (e.g. Spruce) being the highest among major forest types in the study watershed, suggesting that selection of different types of forests can have an important role in ET and consequently water yields. Our synthesis indicates that future reforestation and climate change would likely produce the hydrological effects in the same direction and thus place double pressures on water resource as both key drivers may lead to water yield reduction. Implications of the findings are also discussed in the context of future land cover and climate changes.
Future changes in extreme precipitation in the Rhine basin based on global and regional climate model simulations
Authors: van Pelt S. C. , Beersma J. J. , Buishand T. A. , van den Hurk B. J. J. M. , Kabat P.
Published: May 2012

Abstract. Probability estimates of the future change of extreme precipitation events are usually based on a limited number of available Global Climate Model (GCM) or Regional Climate Model (RCM) simulations. Since floods are related to heavy precipitation events, this restricts the assessment of flood risks. In this study a relatively simple method has been developed to get a better picture of the range of changes in extreme precipitation events. Five bias corrected RCM simulations of the 1971–2100 climate for a single greenhouse gas emission scenario (A1B SRES) were available for the Rhine basin. To increase the size of this five-member RCM ensemble, 13 additional GCM simulations were analysed. The climate responses of the GCMs are used to modify an observed (1961–1995) precipitation/temperature time series with an advanced delta change approach. Changes in the temporal means and variability are taken into account. Time series resampling was applied to extend 35-yr GCM and RCM time-slices to 3000-yr series to estimate extreme precipitation with return periods up to 1000 yr. It is found that the range of future change of extreme precipitation across the five-member RCM ensemble is similar to results from the 13-member GCM ensemble. For the RCM ensemble, the time series modification procedure also resulted in a similar climate response compared to the signal deduced from the direct model simulations. The changes from the individual RCM simulations, however, systematically differ from those of the driving GCMs, especially for long return periods.
FIM FRAME: a method for assessing and improving emergency plans for floods
Authors: Lumbroso D. M. , Di Mauro M. , Tagg A. F. , Vinet F. , Stone K.
Published: May 2012

Abstract. Over the past decade Europe has been hit by a number of severe flood events. Reviews of recent large flood events in England and France have indicated that there is room for improvement in the emergency planning for floods. Methods that can be used for the systematic assessment and improvement of emergency plans are extensively documented in readily available literature. However, those that do exist are often limited to appraising the content of the plans rather than the process that the plan should guide. This paper describes research to develop a systematic method for assessing and improving emergency plans, which is called the FIM FRAME method. The development of the method was informed by research carried out with stakeholders in France, the Netherlands and England, as well as an appraisal of available tools that can be used to develop and improve plans, and an analysis of a selection of flood emergency plans from the three countries. One of the fundamental requirements of the FIM FRAME method was that it should be able to be applied by the relevant stakeholders to a range of emergency plans that mainly focus on flooding. The method comprises a series of steps (known as Appraise, Tackle and Implement) that can assist stakeholders with assessing and improving emergency plans. The method was piloted in the three countries and then refined following feedback from end users. This paper describes the development of the FIM FRAME method and its application in three case studies affected by different types of floods.
Foreign Marriages and Citizenship in Persian Period Judah
Authors: Oswald Wolfgang
Published: May 2012

The problem of foreign marriages occurs in several places in the Hebrew Bible and these occurrences show both differences and commonalities.1 In this paper I will not engage in a detailed exege- sis of any of these references; rather, I am aiming at identifying the underlying political concepts that may have induced the respective texts, namely the concept of citizenship, and in connection with that, the notion of membership in the popular assembly, and the question of inheritance of membership. A comparison with texts from ancient Greece which also deal with the problem of foreign marriages will prove to be helpful in this investigation.
Interstitial 9q34.11–q34.13 deletion in a patient with severe intellectual disability, hydrocephalus, and cleft lip/palate
Authors: Tzschach Andreas , Grasshoff Ute , Schäferhoff Karin , Bonin Michael , Dufke Andreas , Wolff Markus , Haas‐Lude Karin , Bevot Andrea , Riess Olaf
Published: May 2012

Interstitial deletions of chromosome bands 9q34.11–q34.13 are rare. We report on a 16‐year‐old female patient with severe intellectual disability, congenital hydrocephalus, cleft lip and palate, talipes equinovarus, epilepsy, kyphoscoliosis, convergent strabismus, severe short stature, dystrophy, and facial dysmorphic signs. Array analysis revealed a 3.7 Mb interstitial deletion in 9q34.11–q34.13. The deletion harbors more than 60 genes, including SPTAN1, DYT1/TOR1A, ABL1, ASS1, LAMC3, POMT1, DOLK, and GLE1, mutations in which have previously been associated with monogenic disorders. This is the first patient with a deletion of this size and position in 9q34.11–q34.13. Reports of additional patients with aberrations in this region will be needed to establish karyotype–phenotype correlations and to gain information on the contribution of individual genes for the clinical manifestations. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Preparation of THP‐Ester‐Derived Pyridinium‐Type Salts and their Reactions with Various Nucleophiles
Authors: Fujioka Hiromichi , Minamitsuji Yutaka , Moriya Takahiro , Okamoto Kazuhisa , Kubo Ozora , Matsushita Tomoyo , Murai Kenichi
Published: May 2012

Nucleophilic substitution at the anomeric positions of tetrahydropyranyl (THP) and related carbohydrate‐derived esters that proceeded through pyridinium‐type salt intermediates have been developed. Treatment of the 6‐substituted α‐acetoxy‐tetrahydropyrans with TMSOTf (TMS=trimethylsilyl) and 2‐substitutited pyridines, such as 2‐p‐tolylpyridine and 2‐methoxypyridine, led to the efficient generation of cis‐pyridinium‐type salts. These salts reacted with various nucleophiles, such as alcohols, azides, and organozinc reagents, to form nucleophilic‐substitution products. A characteristic feature of these processes was that they took place under mild conditions, which did not affect acid‐labile protecting groups. Furthermore, the reactions that employed azides and C‐nucleophiles generated 2,6‐trans products with high degrees of stereoselectivity.
Crowd distribution and location preference
Authors: Li Weizi , Di Zichao , Allbeck Jan M.
Published: May 2012

Most crowd simulators focus on navigation and agents flow. In this paper, we present another perspective that concentrates on the overall distribution of virtual agents and uses psychological preferences for choosing goal locations. Both observation and published theory indicate that most people prefer to maintain their personal space as event spaces increase in density, particularly when they have no previous relationship to other individuals. The geometric structure that naturally forms could be highly approximated by a Voronoi tessellation. Our method allows users to specify sub‐regions of an environment and tag the regions with information (e.g., permitted densities and features). A Centroidal Voronoi Tessellation (CVT) is then automatically constructed over the entire virtual world. The centers of mass of each resulting cell are taken as potential agent goal locations. Individual virtual agents then have the ability to choose their preferred goal locations on the basis of their own characteristics (e.g., personality traits, needs, and interests), the CVT, and semantic features of the sub‐regions. This method results in more meaningful crowd simulations with minimal additional user effort. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: Rare Earth Site Preference in the Doped Laser Host Material Sc2SiO5. A Single Crystal X‐Ray Study.
Authors: Rodewald Ute Ch. , Zheng Lihe , Heying Birgit , Xu Xiaodong , Su Liangbi , Xu Jun , Poettgen Rainer
Published: May 2012

The laser materials Sc2SiO5, Sc1.931Tm0.069SiO5, and Sc1.955Yb0.045SiO5 crystallize in monoclinic the space group C2/c with Z = 8 (single crystal XRD).
ChemInform Abstract: Mixed Alkali Oxidosulfidomolybdates A2[MoOxS4‐x] (x = 1, 2, 3; A: K, Rb, Cs, NH4). Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Properties.
Authors: Lehner Anna J. , Kraut Korina , Roehr Caroline
Published: May 2012

The title compounds are prepared by passing H2S gas through an alkaline solution of the corresponding oxidomolybdates.
ChemInform Abstract: Na1.5Ag1.5MO3F3 (M: Mo, W): An Ordered Oxyfluoride Derivative of the LiNbO3 Structure.
Authors: Fry Allyson M. , Seibel Harry A. II , Lokuhewa Indunil N. , Woodward Patrick M.
Published: May 2012

The title compounds are synthesized by solid state reaction of stoichiometric mixtures of NaF, AgF, and WO3 or MoO3 (Ag tubes, 550 °C, 216 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Superconductivity in LaTMBN and La3TM2B2N3 (TM = Transition Metal) Synthesized under High Pressure.
Authors: Imamura Naoki , Mizuguchi Hiroshi , Hosono Hideo
Published: May 2012

Various layered boronitrides (LaN)n(M2B2) (M: Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Ir Pt; n = 2, 3), namely LaNiBN, La3Co2B2N3, La3Ni2B2N3, and the new compounds LaRuBN, LaRhBN, LaIrBN, LaPtBN, and La3Ru2B2N3 are synthesized by solid state reactions of LaN, M, and boron under high pressure (2—5 GPa, 1200—1600 °C, 0.5—2 h).
ChemInform Abstract: A Polar Corundum Oxide Displaying Weak Ferromagnetism at Room Temperature.
Authors: Claridge John B. , et al. et al.
Published: May 2012

ScFe1‐xCrxO3 (x = 0—1) is prepared by high temperature/high pressure reaction of Sc2O3, Fe2O3, and Cr2O3 (6 GPa, 1450—1500 °C, 5 min).
ChemInform Abstract: The {V4Nb6O30} Cluster: A New Type of Vanadoniobate Anion Structure.
Authors: Guo Guiling , Xu Yanqing , Cao Jie , Hu Changwen
Published: May 2012

Vanadium incorporation into the isopolyoxoniobate system yields three new compounds (IV), (V), and (VII) containing the same unprecedented mixed addenda vanadoniobate cluster {V4Nb6O30}.
ChemInform Abstract: Solvothermal Synthesis and Characterization of One‐Dimensional Indium Polyselenides with Transition Metal Complexes.
Authors: Yao Hua‐Gang , Ji Min , Ji Shou‐Hua , An Yong‐Lin
Published: May 2012

The presence of thiophenol appears to be essential in the synthesis of the indium selenide (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Intramolecular Alkene Amination/Intermolecular Heck‐Type Coupling Cascade.
Authors: Liwosz Timothy W. , Chemler Sherry R.
Published: May 2012

The title optimized method provides functionalized indolines, pyrrolidines, and an isoquinoline with up to 95% e.e.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyzed Reactions of α‐Bromo‐α,β‐unsaturated Aldehydes/α,β‐Dibromoaldehydes with 1,3‐Dinucleophilic Reagents.
Authors: Yao Changsheng , Wang Donglin , Lu Jun , Lim Tuanjie , Jiao Weihui , Yu Chenxia
Published: May 2012

The title reaction affords highly functionalized 3,4‐dihydropyranones or 3,4‐dihydropyridinones via umpolung processes in the absence of an external oxidant.
ChemInform Abstract: Suzuki—Miyaura Cross‐Couplings of Secondary Allylic Boronic Esters.
Authors: Glasspoole Ben W. , Ghozati Kazem , Moir Jonathon W. , Crudden Cathleen M.
Published: May 2012

Pd‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reactions of secondary allylic boronic esters (I) with aryl iodides (II) are performed under the conditions previously described for the coupling of benzylic substrates.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Direct C—H Oxidative Trifluoromethylation of Heteroarenes.
Authors: Chu Lingling , Qing Feng‐Ling
Published: May 2012

Oxadiazoles, 1,3‐azoles, perfluorobenzenes, and indoles react with TmsCF3 in the presence of air, tBuOOtBu, or Ag2CO3 as oxidants.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Reagent for Direct Difluoromethylation.
Authors: Fujiwara Yuta , Dixon Janice A. , Rodriguez Rodrigo A. , Baxter Ryan D. , Dixon Darryl D. , Collins Michael R. , Blackmond Donna G. , Baran Phil S.
Published: May 2012

Bis(difluoromethylsulfonyl)zinc (I), an air‐stable, free‐flowing powder, which exists as a polymer in the solid state, is an optimum partner for the difluoromethylation of a range of nitrogen‐containing heteroarene compounds, aromatic thiols, and conjugated π‐systems such as α,β‐unsaturated enones.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Catalyzed Redox Allylation Reactions of Ketones.
Authors: Williams Florence J. , Grote Robin E. , Jarvo Elizabeth R.
Published: May 2012

Ketones (I) react with allyl acetate (II) to generate tertiary homoallylic alcohols (III) in the presence of a rhodium catalyst and bis(pinacolato)diboron.
ChemInform Abstract: Photocatalytic [2 + 2] Cycloadditions of Enones with Cleavable Redox Auxiliaries.
Authors: Tyson Elizabeth L. , Farney Elliot P. , Yoon Tehshik P.
Published: May 2012

The use of this strategy enables the synthesis of a variety of cyclobutane carboxylic acid derivatives which are not accessible from direct cycloaddition of the corresponding unsaturated carbonyl compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Cross‐Coupling of Non‐Activated Chloroalkanes with Aryl Grignard Reagents in the Presence of Iron/N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalysts.
Authors: Ghorai Sujit K. , Jin Masayoshi , Hatakeyama Takuji , Nakamura Masaharu
Published: May 2012

The reaction is easily carried out with catalytic amounts of FeCl3 and N‐heterocyclic carbene ligands by slow addition technique.
ChemInform Abstract: Urea/Transition‐Metal Cooperative Catalyst for anti‐Selective Asymmetric Nitroaldol Reactions.
Authors: Lang Kai , Park Jongwoo , Hong Sukwon
Published: May 2012

A highly enantio‐ and anti‐diastereoselective Henry reaction is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper(II)‐Catalyzed Monoarylation of Vicinal Diols with Diaryliodonium Salts.
Authors: Kuriyama Masami , Hamaguchi Norihisa , Onomura Osamu
Published: May 2012

Under optimized conditions, cis‐ and trans‐cycloalkane‐1,2‐diols, heterocyclic diols, and aliphatic diols are chemoselectively monoarylated to give the corresponding phenol ethers.
ChemInform Abstract: O‐Allylation of Phenols with Allylic Acetates in Aqueous Media Using a Magnetically Separable Catalytic System.
Authors: Saha Amit , Leazer John , Varma Rajender S.
Published: May 2012

Cinnamyl acetates undergo coupling with a variety of phenols to produce the corresponding allyl aryl ethers.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Regio‐ and Stereoselective Ruthenium(II)‐Catalyzed Direct ortho‐Alkenylation of Aromatic and Heteroaromatic Aldehydes with Activated Alkenes under Open Atmosphere.
Authors: Padala Kishor , Jeganmohan Masilamani
Published: May 2012

The process gives substituted alkene derivatives in high yield without side reactions such as decarbonylation of aldehydes, hydroacylation of aldehydes with alkenes or oxidation of aldehydes to acids.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Divergent Reactions of α‐Diazocarbonyl Compounds with Allylic Esters: Construction of Quaternary Carbon Centers.
Authors: Chen Zi‐Sheng , Duan Xin‐Hua , Zhou Ping‐Xin , Ali Shaukat , Luo Jian‐Yi , Liang Yong‐Min
Published: May 2012

Allyl arylpropiolates react with the diazo compounds to give 1,5‐enynes (III) bearing an all‐carbon quaternary center via palladium‐catalyzed decarboxylation and migratory insertion.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Conversion of Terminal Alkenes into Homologous Unsaturated and Doubly Unsaturated Esters.
Authors: Hawkins Bill , Paddock Victoria L. , Toelle Nina , Zard Samir Z.
Published: May 2012

The synthesis of unsaturated and doubly unsaturated esters in only 2 steps is possible by the application of a radical xanthate transfer process from easily accessible and commercially available starting materials.
ChemInform Abstract: Selenide Ions as Catalysts for Homo‐ and Crossed‐Tishchenko Reactions of Expanded Scope.
Authors: Curran Simon P. , Connon Stephen J.
Published: May 2012

Selenide ions are superior to previously reported thiolate analogues and promote the disproportionation of aldehydes with increased reaction rates and broader scope at lower loadings and temperature.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition‐Metal‐Free Highly Chemo‐ and Regioselective Arylation of Unactivated Arenes with Aryl Halides over Recyclable Heterogeneous Catalysts.
Authors: Liu Hongli , Yin Biaolin , Gao Zhiqiang , Li Yingwei , Jiang Huanfeng
Published: May 2012

A novel heterogenous catalysis system based on a metal‐organic framework (MOF‐253) demonstrating excellent chemo‐ and regioselectivity in the title reaction is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: The Role of Magnetic Nanoparticles (MNP) as Reducing Agents in an MNP‐Supported Pd—Catalyst for the Reductive Homocoupling of Aryl Halides.
Authors: Zheng Jie , Lin Shengyue , Jiang Bi‐Wang , Marder Todd B. , Yang Zhen
Published: May 2012

The catalyst exhibits good activity in the synthesis of compounds (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Deoxycholic Acid Derived Monophosphites as Chiral Ligands in the Asymmetric Suzuki—Miyaura Cross‐Coupling.
Authors: Jumde Varsha R. , Iuliano Anna
Published: May 2012

The choice and amount of base are crucial for the outcome of the coupling reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: A Peptide‐Embedded Trifluoromethyl Ketone Catalyst for Enantioselective Epoxidation.
Authors: Romney David K. , Miller Scott J.
Published: May 2012

A peptide‐based catalyst for the asymmetric epoxidation of alkenes is designed.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of 5‐Alkoxy‐3,4‐dihalo‐2(5H)‐furanones with Secondary Amines: Expected versus Unanticipated Products and Their Preliminary Bioactivity Investigations.
Authors: Mo Yang‐Qing , Wang Zhao‐Yang , Mei Wen‐Jie , Fu Jian‐Hua , Tan Yue‐He , Luo Shi‐He
Published: May 2012

The unusual behavior of 5‐methoxy‐3,4‐dihalo‐2(5H)furanones (I) in the reaction with diisopropylamine is studied and a possible mechanism for the formation of ring opening products (V) is proposed.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Entry to Functionalized Benzofurans and Indoles via Palladium(0)‐Catalyzed Arylative Dearomatization of Furans.
Authors: Yin Biaolin , Cai Congbi , Zeng Guohui , Zhang Ruoqi , Li Xiang , Jiang Huanfeng
Published: May 2012

The protocol involves palladium‐catalyzed dearomatizing intramolecular arylation of the furan part, ring‐opening, and a β‐hydride elimination sequence.
ChemInform Abstract: Cu‐Catalyzed Oxidative C(sp2)—H Cycloetherification of o‐Arylphenols for the Preparation of Dibenzofurans.
Authors: Zhao Jiaji , Wang Yong , He Yimiao , Liu Lanying , Zhu Qiang
Published: May 2012

The alternative method for the synthesis of dibenzofurans is characterized by a simple reaction system and inexpensive Cu‐salts as catalysts.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Thiophenes and Pyranone‐Fused Thiophenes by Base‐Induced Inter and Intramolecular C—S and C—C Bond Formation: A Non‐Catalytic Approach.
Authors: Mishra Pushyamitra , Maurya Hardesh K. , Kumar Brijesh , Tandon Vishnu K. , Ram Vishnu Ji
Published: May 2012

Treatment of lactones (I) and (V) with thioglycolate under basic conditions yields non‐fused thiophenes (III) as well as pyranone‐fused thiophenes (IV) and (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of 4,8‐Dialkylbenzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]dithiophenes.
Authors: Pappenfus Ted M. , Seidenkranz Daniel T. , Reinheimer Eric W.
Published: May 2012

A simple two‐step procedure is elaborated for the preparation of dialkylated benzodithiophenes (III) and (V) from dione (I).
ChemInform Abstract: 5‐Membered N‐Heterocyclic Compounds by Dimethyl Carbonate Chemistry.
Authors: Arico Fabio , Toniolo Umberto , Tundo Pietro
Published: May 2012

A dimethyl carbonate‐promoted intramolecular cyclization of aliphatic and aromatic 1,4‐amino alcohols (I), (V), and (VII) is achieved in the presence of a base to afford the corresponding 5‐membered aza‐cyclic molecules.
ChemInform Abstract: SmI2‐Mediated Cross‐Coupling of Nitrones with β‐Silyl Acrylates: Synthesis of (+)‐Australine.
Authors: Gilles Pierre , Py Sandrine
Published: May 2012

The process affords the coupling products with nearly complete diastereoselection and can be used as key step in a new synthesis of (+)‐australine (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: Divergent Outcomes of Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Indole Additions to 3,3‐Disubstituted Cyclopropenes.
Authors: Young Paul C. , Hadfield Maximillian S. , Arrowsmith Lynn , Macleod Kristina M. , Mudd Richard J. , Jordan‐Hore James A. , Lee Ai‐Lan
Published: May 2012

The reaction leads to bis‐indolylalkanes or (E)‐vinylindoles depending on the conditions used.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Oxidative Aryltrifluoromethylation of Activated Alkenes at Room Temperature.
Authors: Mu Xin , Wu Tao , Wang Hao‐yang , Guo Yin‐long , Liu Guosheng
Published: May 2012

A variety of trifluoromethylated oxindoles is prepared by the title reaction of N‐aryl acrylamide derivatives with TmsCF3 using PhI(OAc)2 as oxidant.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of Spiro Cyclopentane‐1,3′‐indoles and 2,3,4,9‐Tetrahydro‐1H‐carbazoles by Iridium‐Catalyzed Allylic Dearomatization and Stereospecific Migration.
Authors: Wu Qing‐Feng , Zheng Chao , You Shu‐Li
Published: May 2012

In some cases, the imine functionality of the indolenines, which are obtained from the allylic dearomatization, causes purification difficulties.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Preferential Nucleophilic Addition of N‐Heterocycles onto Haloarylalkanes over N‐Arylation of Aryl Halides.
Authors: Joshi Megha , Tiwari Rakesh , Verma Akhilesh Kumar
Published: May 2012

The work demonstrates that the reaction of N‐heterocycles with halo‐substituted arylalkynes affords hydroamination products and not the desired N‐arylation products.
ChemInform Abstract: Alkali Base Initiated Michael Addition/Alkyne Carbocyclization Cascades.
Authors: Kourra Christopher , Klotter Felix , Sladojevich Filippo , Dixon Darren J.
Published: May 2012

The new cascade reaction proceeds in the presence of substoichiometric quantities of alkali metal base.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Bioglycerol‐Based Recyclable Carbon Catalyst for an Efficient One‐Pot Synthesis of Highly Substituted Imidazoles.
Authors: Ramesh K. , Murthy S. Narayana , Karnakar K. , Nageswar Y. V. D. , Vijayalakhshmi Kukuma , Devi Bethala L. A. Prabhavathi , Prasad R. B. N.
Published: May 2012

The catalyst is prepared by thermolysis of a mixture of glycerol and concentrated sulfuric acid.
ChemInform Abstract: Au(I)‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Hydroamination of the Fluorinated N′‐Aryl‐N‐propargyl Amidines: Mild Conditions for the Synthesis of 2‐Fluoroalkyl Imidazole Derivatives.
Authors: Li Shan , Li Zhengke , Yuan Yafen , Peng Dongjie , Li Yajun , Zhang Lisi , Wu Yongming
Published: May 2012

The title reaction affords 2‐fluoroalkyl 5‐methyl imidazoles (III) or, in the presence of NIS, 2‐fluoroalkyl imidazole‐5‐carbaldehydes (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of N‐(Phenyl and Methyl)‐C‐arylnitrones with DMAD in Ionic Liquid: Efficient Synthesis of Δ4‐Isoxazolines.
Authors: Valizadeh Hassan , Vesally Esmail , Dinparast Leila
Published: May 2012

Diastereomeric mixtures of N‐phenylisoxazolines (III) and (IV) are formed due to high inversion energy barrier of the nitrogen.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and anti‐Protozoal Activity of Novel Dihydropyrrolo[3,4‐d][1,2,3]triazoles.
Authors: Dueruest Yasar , Karakus Hamza , Kaiser Marcel , Tasdemir Deniz
Published: May 2012

An efficient synthetic approach for the synthesis of novel oxadiazolylpyrrolotriazoles (VI) (11 examples) via 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of organic azides bearing a substituted‐phenyl‐1,2,4‐oxadiazole ring and N‐phenylmaleimide is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: A Multicomponent, Solvent‐Free, One‐Pot Synthesis of Benzoxanthenones Catalyzed by HY Zeolite: Their Antimicrobial and Cell Imaging Studies.
Authors: Rama Velladurai , Kanagaraj Kuppusamy , Pitchumani Kasi
Published: May 2012

A simple and rapid procedure including naphthols (I) and (V) affords a broad spectrum of title compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: A Magnetic Nanoparticle Supported Dual Acidic Ionic Liquid: A “Quasi‐homogeneous” Catalyst for the One‐Pot Synthesis of Benzoxanthenes.
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Su Hong , Luo Jun , Wei Yunyang
Published: May 2012

The three‐component condensation of naphthol (I), aldehyde (II), and dimedone (III) is catalyzed by action of a “quasi‐homogeneous” catalyst, due to a combination of nano‐support features and flexible imidazolium linkers.
ChemInform Abstract: Design and Synthesis of Novel Cytotoxic Agents Based on Combined Framework of Quinoline and Nimesulide.
Authors: Reddy Lingam Venkata , Kethavath Mohan , Nakka Mamatha , Beevi Syed Sultan , Mangamoori Lakshmi Narasu , Mukkanti Khagga , Pal Sarbani
Published: May 2012

Among a variety of nimesulide‐derived Morita—Baylis—Hillman adducts (III), derivative (IIIc) shows the highest in vitro activity against human prostate cancer cell lines.
ChemInform Abstract: MCM‐41‐SO3H as a Nanoreactor for the One‐Pot, Solvent‐Free Synthesis of 1,8‐Dioxo‐9‐aryl Decahydroacridines.
Authors: Rostamizadeh Shahnaz , Amirahmadi Asiyeh , Shadjou Nasrin , Amani Ali M.
Published: May 2012

Cyclocondensation of dimedone (I) with aromatic aldehydes and ammonium acetate proceeds in short reaction times with high yields in the presence of MCM‐41‐SO3H catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium(II)/Copper Halide/Solvent Combination for Selective Intramolecular Domino Reactions of Indolecarboxylic Acid Allylamides: An Unprecedented Arylation/Esterification Sequence.
Authors: Broggini Gianluigi , Barbera Vincenzina , Beccalli Egle M. , Borsini Elena , Galli Simona , Lanza Giuseppe , Zecchi Gaetano
Published: May 2012

Indolylallylamides (I) and (IX) undergo intramolecular oxidation reactions in the presence of PdCl2(MeCN)2 and CuCl2 to produce functionalized β‐carbolinones (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Pyrazolo[3,4‐b]pyridines under Microwave Irradiation in Multi‐Component Reactions and Their Antitumor and Antimicrobial Activities. Part 1.
Authors: El‐borai M. A. , Rizk H. F. , Abd‐Aal M. F. , El‐Deeb I. Y.
Published: May 2012

Most synthesized compounds (IV) and (VI) exhibit antimicrobial activity, while compounds (VIa) and (VIc) show significant activity against HEPG2 human liver cancer cell line.
ChemInform Abstract: Substituted Azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptanes via Nitrenium Ion Rearrangement.
Authors: Piotrowski David W. , Rolph Marianne , Wei Liuqing
Published: May 2012

N‐Chlorination of exo‐arylated bicyclic substrates and subsequent AgNO3‐mediated nitrenium ion rearrangement produces endo‐arylated products, which represent the skeleton of pharmaceutically important alkaloid systems.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Studies on Novel 1,4‐Dihydro‐2‐methylthio‐4,4,6‐trisubstituted Pyrimidine‐5‐carboxylic Acid Esters and Their Tautomers.
Authors: Nishimura Yoshio , Okamoto Yasuko , Ikunaka Masaya , Ohyama Yoshihiko
Published: May 2012

Title compounds (V) and (VI) are synthesized by Atwal—Biginelli cyclocondensation of oxoesters (III), obtained by the Lehnert procedure for the Knoevenagel‐type condensation with S‐methylisothiourea salt (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrazonoyl Halides as Precursors for New Fused Heterocycles of 5α‐Reductase Inhibitors.
Authors: Farghaly Thoraya A. , Gomha Sobhi M. , Abbas Eman M. H. , Abdalla Mohamed M.
Published: May 2012

Fused heterocycles (III), (V), and (VII) are synthesized by reaction of thione (I) or its methyl derivative with hydrazonoyl halides of type (II).
ChemInform Abstract: New Lithium‐Zincate Approaches for the Selective Functionalization of Pyrazine: Direct Dideprotozincation vs. Nucleophilic Alkylation.
Authors: Baillie Sharon E. , Blair Victoria L. , Blakemore David C. , Hay Duncan , Kennedy Alan R. , Pryde David C. , Hevia Eva
Published: May 2012

Two new bimetallic approaches for the selective 2,5‐dideprotonation and chemoselective room temperature C‐H alkylation of pyrazine are presented.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Macrocyclic Di‐ and Tetralactones Using [2 + 2] Photocycloaddition Reactions of Di‐2‐pyrones with α,ω‐Diolefins
Authors: Zhang Hui Min , Kawabata Kazuya , Miyauchi Hideki , Shimo Tetsuro
Published: May 2012

5 examples
ChemInform Abstract: [1,5]‐Anion Relay/[2,3]‐Wittig Rearrangement of 3,3‐Bis(silyl) Allyl Enol Ethers: Synthesis of Useful Vinyl Bis(silane) Species.
Authors: Sun Xianwei , Lei Jian , Sun Changzhen , Song Zhenlei , Yan Linjie
Published: May 2012

A new strategy to trisubstituted vinylsilanes is developed: the vinyl bissilanes can be transformed into trisubstituted vinylsilanes through a [1,4]‐Brook rearrangement/alkylation protocol using different electrophiles.
ChemInform Abstract: Simple Unprecedented Conversion of Phosphine Oxides and Sulfides to Phosphine Boranes Using Sodium Borohydride.
Authors: Rajendran Kamalraj V. , Gilheany Declan G.
Published: May 2012

The advantages over other common reduction methods are the milder reaction conditions, the easier to handle reagents and the significantly expanded substrate scope.
ChemInform Abstract: Elaborating on Efficient Antiproliferation Agents of Cancer Cells and Antiinflammatory‐Based N‐Bisphosphonic Acids.
Authors: Abdou Wafaa M. , Khidre Rizk E. , Kamel Azza A.
Published: May 2012

Quinoline based bisphosphonates [(III), (VI), (IX), and (XII)] and corresponding phosphonic acids [(IV), (VII), (X), and (XIII)] are synthesized via Michael addition and hydrolysis.
ChemInform Abstract: Convenient Peptide Synthesis Without Protection of C‐Terminals.
Authors: Noguchi Takuya , Tehara Naoka , Uesugi Yuki , Jung Seunghee , Imai Nobuyuki
Published: May 2012

A convenient protocol for the condensation of carboxylic acids with unprotected α‐amino acids via activation by ethyl chloroformate and triethylamine is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Two New Alkaloids from Crinum asiaticum var. sinicum.
Authors: Kogure Noriyuki , Katsuta Noriko , Kitajima Mariko , Takayama Hiromitsu
Published: May 2012

isolation and structure determination of two new alkaloids, seco‐isopowellaminone (I), and crinamine N‐oxide (II)
ChemInform Abstract: A New Lycopodine Alkaloid from Huperzia serrata
Authors: Shan Wei‐Guang , Ren Feng‐Yun , Ying You‐Min , Tong Cui‐Ping , Zhan Zha‐Jun
Published: May 2012

isolation and structure elucidation of 6α,11α‐dihydroxylycopodine (I)
ChemInform Abstract: The Use of Environmental Metrics to Evaluate Green Chemistry Improvements to the Synthesis of (S,S)‐Reboxetine Succinate.
Authors: Harris Laurence J. , et al. et al.
Published: May 2012

The initial route to reboxetine (V), isolated as succinate, is based on a classical resolution approach generating high levels of waste.
ChemInform Abstract: A Review on Synthesis, Characterization and Industrial Applications of Flyash Zeolites
Authors: Jha Bhagwanjee , Singh D. N.
Published: May 2012

Review: 132 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: PCP‐Bridged Chalcogen‐Centered Anions: Coordination Chemistry and Carbon‐Based Reactivity
Authors: Chivers Tristram , Konu Jari , Thirumoorthi Ramalingam
Published: May 2012

Review: 88 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal Complexes of Monocarbon Carbonanes: A Neglected Area?
Authors: McGrath Thomas D.
Published: May 2012

Review: 30 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Organic Reactions in Subcritical and Supercritical Water
Authors: Kus Nermin Simsek
Published: May 2012

Review: 85 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Functional Porous Organic Polymers for Heterogeneous Catalysis
Authors: Zhang Yugen , Riduan Siti Nurhanna
Published: May 2012

Review: 65 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Developments in Metal Catalyzed Asymmetric Addition of Phosphorus Nucleophiles.
Authors: Zhao Depeng , Wang Rui
Published: May 2012

Review: 48 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Amidines, Isothioureas, and Guanidines as Nucleophilic Catalysts
Authors: Taylor James E. , Bull Steven D. , Williams Jonathan M. J.
Published: May 2012

Review: 66 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Fluorinated Amino Acids: Compatibility with Native Protein Structures and Effects on Protein—Protein Interactions
Authors: Salwiczek Mario , Nyakatura Elisabeth K. , Gerling Ulla I. M. , Ye Shijie , Koksch Beate
Published: May 2012

Review: 245 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Toxicity of Nanomaterials
Authors: Sharifi Shahriar , Behzadi Shahed , Laurent Sophie , Forrest M. Laird , Stroeve Pieter , Mahmoudi Morteza
Published: May 2012

Review: 286 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Low‐Loading Asymmetric Organocatalysis
Authors: Giacalone Francesco , Gruttadauria Michelangelo , Agrigento Paola , Noto Renato
Published: May 2012

Review: 194 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold Catalysis in Total Synthesis — An Update
Authors: Rudolph Matthias , Hashmi A. Stephen K.
Published: May 2012

Review: about 50 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition Metal‐Catalyzed N‐Arylations of Amidines and Guanidines
Authors: Rauws Tom R. M. , Maes Bert U. W.
Published: May 2012

Review: 200 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Silicon‐Bridged Biaryls: Molecular Design, New Synthesis, and Luminescence Control
Authors: Shimizu Masaki , Hiyama Tamejiro
Published: May 2012

Review: ca. 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Cycloisomerizations of Enynols and Their Esters
Authors: Fehr Charles
Published: May 2012

Review: about 50 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Pharmaceutical Importance and Synthetic Strategies for Imidazolidine‐2‐thione and Imidazole‐2‐thione Derivatives
Authors: Savjani Jignasa K. , Gajjar Anuradha K.
Published: May 2012

Review: 57 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Pyrenes, Circulenes, and Other Condensed Acenes
Authors: Chang C.‐S. , Wu Y.‐T.
Published: May 2012

Review: 166 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal Complexes of Penicillins and Cephalosporins
Authors: Alekseev V. G.
Published: May 2012

Review: 104 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Pectin Rhamnogalacturonan II: The “Small Stem with Four Branches” in the Primary Cell Walls of Plants
Authors: Yapo Beda M.
Published: May 2012

Review: 70 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Impact and Potential of Intermittent Aeration on Continuous Flow Nitrifying Activated Sludge
Authors: Dotro Gabriela , Jefferson Bruce , Jones Mark , Vale Peter , Cartmell Elise , Stephenson Tom
Published: May 2012

Review: 101 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical and Biological Sensing by Electron Transport in Nanomaterials
Authors: Choi Jai‐Pil
Published: May 2012

Review: 102 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Controlling Protein Transport by Small Molecules
Authors: Gademann Karl
Published: May 2012

Review: 56 refs.
The Development of FtsZ Inhibitors as Potential Antibacterial Agents
Authors: Ma Siti , Ma Shutao
Published: May 2012

The emergence and prevalence of bacterial resistance has resulted in a clear demand for novel antibacterial drugs. As a tubulin homologue, FtsZ is an essential cell‐division protein in prokaryotic organisms and is showing increasing promise as a target for antibacterial drug discovery. This review describes the role of FtsZ in bacterial cytokinesis and various FtsZ inhibitors, with particular focus on their discovery, antibacterial activities, mechanisms of action, synthetic methods, and representative analogues.
Strategies in Sustainable Supply Chain Management: An Empirical Investigation of Large German Companies
Authors: Harms Dorli , Hansen Erik G. , Schaltegger Stefan
Published: May 2012

Companies which manage global supply chains face a high level of complexity with a large number of suppliers in diverse socio‐economic contexts and growing expectations of customers and standardization schemes to control social and environmental aspects. In the context of sustainable development, the effective management of supplier relationships has therefore attracted particular attention in sustainable supply chain management (SSCM). This paper investigates two SSCM strategic approaches in Germany's largest stock companies with regard to supplier management. Supplier evaluation and selection adopts a risk‐oriented strategic perspective whereas supplier development represents a business‐opportunity‐oriented approach to managing supplier chains for sustainable products. The survey‐based analysis reveals that large German stock companies mainly implement risk‐oriented SSCM strategies. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
New class of filter functions generated directly by the modified Christoffel–Darboux formula for classical orthonormal Jacobi polynomials
Authors: Pavlović Vlastimir D.
Published: May 2012

The new solution of determining the prototype analogue filter function as the response that satisfies the specifications of all pole low‐pass continual time filter functions of odd and even order is presented in this article.

The approximation problem of filter function was solved mathematically, applying the summed Christoffel–Darboux formula for the orthonormal polynomials. The starting point in solving the approximation problem is the direct application of the Christoffel–Darboux formula for the initial set of continual Jacobi orthonormal polynomials in the finite interval [−1, + 1] in full respect to the weighting function with two free real parameters.

Solution for the monotonic and non‐monotonic filter functions is obtained in an explicit form, which is shown to enable generation of the Jacobi filter functions in a simple way by choosing the values of the free real parameters.

Moreover, the proposed solution with the same criterion of approximation is used to generate for particular specifications the appropriate best known classical approximation functions of free parameters: the Gegenbauer, Legendre, and Chebyshev filter functions of the first and second kind as well. The example of the proposed all‐pole low‐pass lossless LC filter in the frequency domain for frequency responses of the 11th‐order filter is illustrated.

This work is concerned with the approximation of an all‐pole low‐pass filter to design a circuit assuring an optimum realization of the required specifications. The article proposes new class filter functions with an approach to ideal filter magnitude characteristic. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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ILF‐3 is a regulator of the neural plate border marker Zic1 in chick embryos
Authors: Fishwick K. J. , Kim E. , Bronner M. E.
Published: May 2012

Background: The neural crest is a multipotent cell type unique to the vertebrate lineage and capable of differentiating into a large number of varied cell types, including ganglia of the peripheral nervous system, cartilage, and glia. An early step in neural crest specification occurs at the neural plate border, a region defined by the overlap of transcription factors of the Zic, Msx, and Pax families. Results: Here we identify a novel chick gene with close homology to double‐stranded RNA‐binding protein Interleukin enhancer binding factor 3 (ILF‐3) in other species. Our results show that chick Ilf‐3 is required for proper expression of the transcription factor, Zic‐1, at the neural plate border. Conclusion: We have identified a novel chick gene and show it has a role in the correct specification of Zic‐1 at the neural plate border. Developmental Dynamics 241:1325–1332, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cholinergic‐associated loss of hnRNP‐A/B in Alzheimer's disease impairs cortical splicing and cognitive function in mice
Authors: Berson Amit , Barbash Shahar , Shaltiel Galit , Goll Yael , Hanin Geula , Greenberg David S. , Ketzef Maya , Becker Albert J , Friedman Alon , Soreq Hermona
Published: May 2012

Genetic studies link inherited errors in RNA metabolism to familial neurodegenerative disease. Here, we report such errors and the underlying mechanism in sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD entorhinal cortices presented globally impaired exon exclusions and selective loss of the hnRNP A/B splicing factors. Supporting functional relevance, hnRNP A/B knockdown induced alternative splicing impairments and dendrite loss in primary neurons, and memory and electrocorticographic impairments in mice. Transgenic mice with disease‐associated mutations in APP or Tau displayed no alterations in hnRNP A/B suggesting that its loss in AD is independent of Aβ and Tau toxicity. However, cholinergic excitation increased hnRNP A/B levels while in vivo neurotoxin‐mediated destruction of cholinergic neurons caused cortical AD‐like decrease in hnRNP A/B and recapitulated the alternative splicing pattern of AD patients. Our findings present cholinergic‐mediated hnRNP A/B loss and impaired RNA metabolism as important mechanisms involved in AD.