bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Is there a rationale for perioperative nutrition therapy in the times of ERAS?
Authors: Weimann Arved
Published: December 2019

In order to increase patient compliance in Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) programs, assessment and monitoring of functional and nutritional status should be routinely performed. Sarcopenic obesity is frequently underestimated and has been shown to be a significant risk factor for the development of postoperative complications. With special regard to gastrointestinal cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant treatment, nutritional deficiencies may develop stepwise and increase during therapy. In the case of proven deficits, recent strategies including “prehabilitation” focus on making the patient fit for an ERAS program. Evidence-based guidelines for perioperative nutrition therapy have been available.
Ternary chalcogenide Ta2NiS5 nanosheets for broadband pulse generation in ultrafast fiber lasers
Authors: Ma Mengyuan , Zhang Jiantian , Zhang Yao , Wang Xiaoli , Wang Junli , Yu Peng , Liu Zheng , Wei Zhiyi
Published: December 2019

In this article, a high-quality saturable absorber (SA) based on a two-dimensional ternary chalcogenide Ta2NiS5 nanosheet has been successfully fabricated and used in 1- and 1.5-μm spectral regions to generate ultrafast laser pulses. The Ta2NiS5-based SA is fabricated by mechanical exfoliation and sandwiched between two fiber ferrules to form a fiber-compatible SA. On the basis of the twin-detector technique, nonlinear optical absorption of the Ta2NiS5-SA is characterized by 64.7% and 11.95% modulation depths with 1.3 and 0.72 MW/cm2 saturation intensities at 1028 and 1570 nm, respectively. When Ta2NiS5-SA is integrated into Yb- and Er-doped fiber laser cavities, stable self-starting Q-switched pulses are observed. Furthermore, by adjusting the cavity structure and optimizing dispersion in the cavity, we obtain hybrid mode-locking and mode-locking fiber laser operation at 1029 and 1569 nm, respectively. These results validate the performance of Ta2NiS5 as a broadband SA for the generation of ultrafast laser pulses, offering new opportunities of ternary transition-metal dichalcogenide alloys in future photonic devices.
Physical vapor deposition of large-scale PbSe films and its applications in pulsed fiber lasers
Authors: Gao Qun , Yang Hao , Hu Cuichen , He Zhiwen , Lu Hua , Zhang Wending , Mao Dong , Mei Ting , Zhao Jianlin
Published: December 2019

Lead selenide (PbSe) is a new emerging semiconductor with layer-dependent bandgap that has attracted much interest due to its high infrared response and good environmental stability. We have prepared large-scale PbSe films with the area of 7 cm2 and thickness of 25 nm based on physical vapor deposition approach at 160°C. The PbSe films exhibit saturable absorption property at 1.55 μm and a polarization-sensitive saturable absorber is obtained by growing PbSe on D-shaped fiber. Single-pulse with the duration of 490 fs is generated at the pump of 12 mW and the mode-locking operation is maintained at the pump of 1500 mW, indicating the high damage threshold of the D-shaped fiber based saturable absorber. Two polarization-insensitive saturable absorbers are achieved by depositing PbSe on fiber facet and polyvinyl alcohol film, respectively. For fiber facet (polyvinyl alcohol film) based saturable absorber, the repetition rate of Q-switched pulses increases from 8.6 (16.3) kHz to 45.4 (59.2) kHz while the duration decreases from 7.92 (12) μs to 2.06 (3.12) μs by tuning the pump from 15 mW to 90 (60) mW. Such large-scale PbSe films possess features of low cost and high modulation ability, and can find important applications in infrared optical modulators and detectors.
Synthesis and characterization of two bifunctional pyrazole-phosphonic acid ligands
Authors: Nateghi Bahareh , Janiak Christoph
Published: December 2019

The bifunctional compounds 3,5-dimethyl-4-(4-phosphonophenyl)-1H-pyrazole 1 and 4-(4-phosphonophenyl)-1H-pyrazole 2 were synthesized via Suzuki-Miyaura coupling, starting from a Boc-protected pyrazolylboronic acid ester and the iodoarylphosphonate. The target compounds were isolated after acidic hydrolysis in the form of the hydrochloride salts 1 · HCl and 2 · HCl · H2O with a yield of 81% and 86%, respectively. Pd(dppf)Cl2 was found to be superior to Pd(PPh3)4 as a catalyst; dry 1,4-dioxane as a solvent, Cs2CO3 as a base, and no co-ligands were the best found conditions. The alternative routes through iodoarylphosphonate of iodoarylpyrazole, with the crucial steps based on the copper-catalyzed coupling with acetylacetone or the Arbuzov reaction were proven inefficient. The structures of the isolated hydrochloride salts 1 · HCl and 2 · HCl · H2O feature hydrogen-bonded networks involving the chloride anions.
The application of essential oils as a next-generation of pesticides: recent developments and future perspectives
Authors: Fierascu Radu Claudiu , Fierascu Ioana Catalina , Dinu-Pirvu Cristina Elena , Fierascu Irina , Paunescu Alina
Published: December 2019

The overuse of synthetic pesticide, a consequence of the rush to increase crop production, led to tremendous adverse effects, as they constitute a major pollutant for both soils and water, with a high toxicity towards humans and animals and, at the same time, led to development of pest resistance. In the last period, the researches were directed towards finding new solutions with a lower toxicity, less damaging behaviour towards the environment, and a better specificity of action. In this context, the use of essential oils, a complex and unique mixture of compounds, can be considered for the next-generation pesticides. This review aims to present the main applications of the essential oils as insecticides, herbicides, acaricides, and nematicides, as they emerged from the scientific literature published in the last 5 years (2015 to present). From the identified articles within the time period, only those dealing with essential oils obtained by the authors (not commercially available) were selected to be inserted in the review, characterized using established analytical techniques and employed for the envisaged applications. The review is concluded with a chapter containing the main conclusions of the literature study and the future perspectives, regarding the application of essential oils as next-generation pesticides.
Serotonergic Plasticity in the Dorsal Raphe Nucleus Characterizes Susceptibility and Resilience to Anhedonia
Authors: Prakash Nandkishore , Stark Christiana J. , Keisler Maria N. , Luo Lily , Der-Avakian Andre , Dulcis Davide
Published: December 2019

Chronic stress induces anhedonia in susceptible but not resilient individuals, a phenomenon observed in humans as well as animal models, but the molecular mechanisms underlying susceptibility and resilience are not well understood. We hypothesized that the serotonergic system, which is implicated in stress, reward, and antidepressant therapy, may play a role. We found that plasticity of the serotonergic system contributes to the differential vulnerability to stress displayed by susceptible and resilient animals. Stress-induced anhedonia was assessed in adult male rats using social defeat and intracranial self-stimulation, while changes in serotonergic phenotype were investigated using immunohistochemistry andin situhybridization. Susceptible, but not resilient, rats displayed an increased number of neurons expressing the biosynthetic enzyme for serotonin, tryptophan-hydroxylase-2 (TPH2), in the ventral subnucleus of the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRv). Further, a decrease in the number of DRv glutamatergic (VGLUT3+) neurons was observed in all stressed rats. This neurotransmitter plasticity is activity-dependent, as was revealed by chemogenetic manipulation of the central amygdala, a stress-sensitive nucleus that forms a major input to the DR. Activation of amygdalar corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)+ neurons abolished the increase in DRv TPH2+ neurons and ameliorated stress-induced anhedonia in susceptible rats. These findings show that activation of amygdalar CRH+ neurons induces resilience, and suppresses the gain of serotonergic phenotype in the DRv that is characteristic of susceptible rats. This molecular signature of vulnerability to stress-induced anhedonia and the active nature of resilience could be targeted to develop new treatments for stress-related disorders like depression.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTDepression and other mental disorders can be induced by chronic or traumatic stressors. However, some individuals are resilient and do not develop depression in response to chronic stress. A complete picture of the molecular differences between susceptible and resilient individuals is necessary to understand how plasticity of limbic circuits is associated with the pathophysiology of stress-related disorders. Using a rodent model, our study identifies a novel molecular marker of susceptibility to stress-induced anhedonia, a core symptom of depression, and a means to modulate it. These findings will guide further investigation into cellular and circuit mechanisms of resilience, and the development of new treatments for depression.
One repressor to rule them all: ANCO1 links YAP and AIB1
Authors: Zhang Can , Moberg Kenneth
Published: December 2019

The transcriptional co‐activators YAP and AIB1 individually promote breast cancer progression, but are not known to be mechanistically linked. A study published in this issue of EMBO Reports [1] now shows that YAP‐AIB1 form a physical complex in breast epithelial cells that cooperates in both activation and, unexpectedly, repression of key breast cancer genes. The repressive effect is due to the recruitment of ANCO1, a previously defined AIB1 interactor [2] that binds and inhibits the YAP‐AIB1 complex. These data identify ANCO1 as a candidate tumor suppressor through YAP‐AIB1 inhibition and could hint at a broader crosstalk between pathways that utilize YAP and AIB1 to control epithelial homeostasis.
Genetic diversity of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) in response to temperature during germination
Authors: Ahmed Lina Qadir , Durand Jean-Louis , Escobar-Gutiérrez Abraham J.
Published: December 2019

Temperature is one of the major factors controlling plant development, in particular seed germination. Alfalfa is a perennial pasture legume that holds an important place in cultivated grasslands. Breeding alfalfa cultivars adapted to new ranges of temperature could be necessary, requiring knowledge of the variability in response to temperature among different accessions. Six accessions of Medicago sativa subsp. sativa and one wild population of M. sativa subsp. falcata were evaluated for their germination temperature response. Seeds were tested for germination in the dark at eight constant temperatures, from 5 to 40°C. Significant differences (P < 0.01) were found. The optimum temperature for germination ranged between 11.7 and 21.1°C, whereas two varieties, ‘Demnate’ and ‘Luzelle’ had a very wide range of temperatures favouring maximum germination. The findings of this study suggest that the germination of alfalfa was little affected by low temperature (5°C) whereas germination at 40°C was lower and showed high variability. Our results revealed variability in the response to temperature for germination of M. sativa that gives room for breeding new varieties adapted to future environmental conditions induced by the global climate change.
Influence of meteorological conditions on the formation of ice regime of the Lake Onega
Authors: Baklagin V. N.
Published: December 2019

The formation of the ice regime on large lakes is mostly determined by the complex meteorological processes occurring over the water area. Previous studies of the air temperature influence on the ice regime formation on the Lake Onega were based on observational data on the state of the ice cover in the Petrozavodsk Bay, as well as the materials of the rare missions of aerial reconnaissance performed in the second half of the XX century. So, it was necessary to revise the previously established dependencies using the present-day satellite data for 2000-2018, and to determine the nature of influence of other meteorological factors, among which a thickness of the snow cover on the Lake area. The authors obtained regularities of changes in the characteristic dates (complete freeze-up – ±5 days/°C and final clearing of ice – ±3 days/°C) of the ice regime on the Lake Onega, depending on changes in the average air temperature that preceded these dates (autumn and spring) for the period of two months. The regression equations to calculate these dates on the basis of the previous three - and four-month periods from the data of 2000-2018 are also given. Relative to the above mentioned results for the previous period, a certain shift by a month ahead of two- and three- period exerting influence on the date of the complete freezeup is noted. Dependencies to calculate the cumulative daily temperatures for the period of the ice regime formation (the beginning of the formation of ice phenomena, complete freeze-up phase, the beginning of the breakup phase, clearing of the ice) were also deduced. Together with the data on the expected air temperature over the Lake these dates provide a potential possibility to estimate (predict) the characteristic dates of the ice regime. The significant influence of the average snow cover thickness on the process of destruction of the ice cover was shown, and the nature of the statistical relationship (along with the air temperature) was also determined.
La ampliación del tiempo escolar: ¿Se modifican los componentes duros del formato escolar? Revisión bibliográfica sobre estas temáticas
Authors: Vercellino Soledad
Published: December 2019

Recibido 10 de agosto de 2012 •  Corregido 05 de noviembre de 2012 • Aceptado 07 de noviembre de 2012Hace más de dos décadas que asistimos en América Latina y en Argentina, en particular, al desarrollo de diferentes políticas orientadas a ampliar las jornadas escolares. Entendemos que la implementación de estas políticas es una oportunidad para analizar el comportamiento de la organización escolar ante los intentos de modificar uno de sus componentes  duros, como lo es el tiempo; y que se constituye en laboratorios naturales que permiten analizar cuánto resiste la organización clásica del tiempo escolar, en qué cambia y cómo esos cambios (de ocurrir) afectan los restantes componentes de lo escolar (espacios, agrupamientos, etc.). Este artículo presenta el estado de la cuestión de los estudios más relevantes en dos campos de indagación en el ámbito de la educación primaria o elemental que intervienen en esta problemática: por un lado, los que refieren al tiempo escolar, su organización y ampliación y; por otro lado, las investigaciones que abordan los componentes estructurales y estructurantes de lo escolar. La revisión bibliográfica realizada nos indica que las investigaciones que han abordado el tiempo escolar y las distintas políticas y programas de extensión de la jornada escolar como objeto de indagación no dan cuenta de las vicisitudes que estas encuentran a la hora de intentar modificar los componentes duros del dispositivo escolar y, por otro lado, que las investigaciones que toman como objeto de estudio el ‘dispositivo escolar’ no han atendido las distintas experiencias de ampliación del tiempo escolar, aun cuando el tiempo es uno de los elementos constitutivos de dicho dispositivo.
Participación de la población rural en los procesos territoriales de desarrollo
Authors: Bartol de Imbach Patricia María
Published: December 2019

Recibido 21 de mayo de 2012 • Corregido 02 de octubre de 2012 • Aceptado 07 de noviembre de 2012Este documento es un espacio de reflexión acerca de la necesidad y la importancia de asumir el compromiso de crear un puente entre la participación social y la construcción de capacidades ciudadanas. El diálogo permanente del saber experto y el saber local debe alimentar los procesos de aprendizajes pertinentes y relevantes desde el contexto rural de la región centroamericana y hacia esta. La coherencia y persistencia de estos procesos permitirá promover el bienestar humano, a partir de los cambios experimentados en la ruralidad. En el territorio centroamericano existen numerosas iniciativas que, para concretar sus propuestas, requieren de la participación social e institucional efectiva. La educación, en sus diversas manifestaciones y con sus variados recursos, tiene una gran responsabilidad en posibilitar el aprovechamiento de estas por parte de la ciudadanía.
Capacitación y actualización de las juntas de educación en escuelas indígenas en zonas rurales: Una manera de fortalecer la gestión educativa local
Authors: Torres Victoria Nancy , Castro Vargas Oscar
Published: December 2019

Recibido 04 de enero de 2011 •  Corregido 19 de octubre de 2012 • Aceptado 07 de noviembre de 2012La gestión educativa en escuelas de zonas rurales indígenas afronta una serie de dificultades a la hora de implementar y cumplir con orientaciones y requisitos establecidos en la legislación que norma la ejecución presupuestaria de los recursos asignados a las juntas de educación o juntas administrativas. Uno de los principales obstáculos que deben afrontar, además de estar ubicados en zonas rurales dispersas, lejos de las cabeceras de municipios y de las Direcciones Regionales, es que todas las reglamentaciones, leyes y orientaciones están en el idioma español. En las comunidades rurales indígenas hay personas que no hablan, escriben, leen ni comprenden el idioma. Esta situación los coloca en una enorme desventaja, que tiene una repercusión directa sobre el derecho a la educación de los niños y niñas indígenas.
Factibilidad de la utilización de recursos tecnológicos en la implementación del eje transversal cultura ambiental para el desarrollo sostenible en la Educación General Básica de Costa Rica
Authors: Matarrita Román Lorna , Serrano Calvo Jessica , Torres Salas María Isabel , León León Giselle
Published: December 2019

Recibido 19 de junio de 2012 • Corregido 16 de setiembre de 2012 • Aceptado 07 de noviembre de 2012

El propósito de esta investigación fue analizar si, en la implementación del eje transversal cultural ambiental para el desarrollo sostenible, que enfatiza en problemáticas ambientales relacionadas con los contenidos del programa de Ciencias de séptimo año de la Educación Básica, puede ser factible la utilización de recursos tecnológicos. El diseño de la investigación fue cualitativo con enfoque dominante, con algunos elementos de corte cuantitativo, específicamente en el diseño de instrumentos y algunas técnicas de análisis de datos. El tipo de estudio se desarrolló con un enfoque multimétodo, tendencia que ha ido perfilando un estilo de investigación en el que se integran distintos métodos en un mismo diseño. Para ello, se determinaron cuáles fueron las estrategias didácticas y su relación con la tecnología y el eje cultura ambiental para el desarrollo sostenible, utilizadas por 6 docentes de Ciencia que se desempeñaron en séptimo año en instituciones públicas, localizadas en la provincia de Heredia del Valle Central de Costa Rica, así como la opinión de 20 estudiantes de ese mismo nivel. Dentro de los principales resultados se indican las opiniones de estudiantado, que expone su gran interés por recibir las lecciones que incorporen recursos tecnológicos. Por otro lado, algunos docentes se muestran no muy favorables ante el tema o desinteresados al respecto, además de no estar capacitados en su uso. Asimismo se identificó que este personal docente encuestado no desarrolla el eje curricular.
Sensibilización y disposición al cambio en la formación de formadores: Perspectivas y retos
Authors: Castro Vargas Oscar , Castillo Cedeño Ileana
Published: December 2019

Recibido 15 de marzo de 2012 • Corregido 15 de octubre de 2012 • Aceptado 07 de noviembre de 2012Uno de los innumerables retos vinculados con los procesos formativos lo constituye la formación de formadores, sobre todo, en el marco de sociedades globales, neoliberales, donde predomina la competitividad de ofertas curriculares para la formación inicial y permanente de profesionales vinculados con la educación. El tema es preocupante y, por tanto, objeto de análisis, si se piensa en el profundo impacto en todos los ámbitos de la vida. Por ello, este ensayo reflexiona sobre la situación desde la descripción como exigencia básica de trascender en el análisis con respecto a la necesidad de que existan políticas educativas claras con respecto a la variedad y calidad de las ofertas curriculares; pero, ante todo, una sensibilización profunda de los formadores de formadores para que se visualicen como colectivo crítico y creativo desde donde puede generarse el cambio a partir de propuestas con sentido social y humano.
La transmisión inconsciente en la cultura y la educación
Authors: Morales Barrera Mónica
Published: December 2019

La palabra transmisión es frecuentemente utilizada en nuestra habla cotidiana como un simple sustantivo y la encontramos acompañada de otras que le dan contexto, por ejemplo: enfermedades de transmisión sexual, transmisión televisiva, transmisión de calor, transmisión de datos, etc., aquí es tangible distinguir lo que se transmite y predecir posibles resultados; en cambio si se estudian las particularidades de la transmisión inconsciente entramos en terrenos movedizos, en tanto es un fenómeno imperceptible, cuyos resultados no son posible controlar. El propósito de este ensayo es explorar este peculiar mecanismo que comparten dos ámbitos concatenados que son la cultura y la educación. El ensayo aborda ejemplos que consideramos paradigmáticos para estudiar la transmisión inconsciente, por lo que va más allá de cualquier propuesta histórica o antropológica. Igualmente, se proponen diferencias conceptuales entre otros fenómenos aparentemente similares como lo son la comunicación y la enseñanza; haremos especial énfasis en el muy afamado preconcepto sobre la transmisión de los conocimientos, pues ya desde Platón se anticipa su imposibilidad. Finalmente, al tema de la transmisión inconsciente en la cultura y la educación se liga al de la ética, pues se va tomando conciencia del poder de la palabra inintencionada en la formación de los educandos.
Redes sociales y poder colonial, un estudio de caso: el alférez real don Antonio de la Fuente (1763-1807)
Authors: Jerez Brenes Verónica
Published: December 2019

This article proposes the reconstruction of the socioeconomic networks established by Real Ensign Don Antonio de la Fuente through the positions he held in the administrative structure of the Crown and the links he created during his life. As part of the social network system that during the colonial era the elite of Cartago used as a means to strengthen their social bonds via marriage, the economic ones using the bonds and letters of power –both granted and received–, and the prestige that gave him the positions in administrative and justice issues.
Proceso productivo y control del trabajo en las plantaciones bananeras del Pacífico costarricense (1938-1970)
Authors: Hernández Rodríguez Carlos , Cerdas Albertazzi Ana Luisa
Published: December 2019

This article presents and explains, in a historical perspective, the process of building a scheme of social control of labor, in a banana division of Costa Rica. From diverse sources, it reconstructs and analyzes the productive process and the logic of its organization, as well as the forms of resistance and reactive protest of the workers, in the face of the claims of discipline and economic exploitation, in corporate plantations of the Central Pacific and South.
Mario Samper y el surgimiento de una tradición de historia agraria
Authors: Picado Umaña Wilson
Published: December 2019

This article assesses the academic work of the Costa Rican historian Mario Samper. It analyzes the evolution of his research on Agrarian History, focusing in his studies on peasant-farmer settlement and peasant economy. Finally, it reviews his research on the history of coffee-growing areas in Costa Rica, Central America and Latin America.
Linking parental mediation practices to adolescents’ problematic online screen use: A systematic literature review
Authors: Nielsen Philip , Favez Nicolas , Liddle Howard , Rigter Henk
Published: December 2019

Background and aims

To remedy problematic Internet use (PIU) and problematic online gaming (POG) in adolescents, much is expected from efforts by parents to help youths to contain their screen use. Such parental mediation can include (a) refraining from acting, (b) co-viewing or co-gaming with the teen, (c) active mediation, and (d) restrictive mediation. We evaluated if parental mediation practices are linked to PIU and POG in adolescents.

Methods

For a systematic literature review, we searched for publications presenting survey data and relating parental mediation practices to levels of PIU and/or POG in adolescents. The review’s selection criteria were met by 18 PIU and 9 POG publications, reporting on 81.002 and 12.915 adolescents, respectively. We extracted data on gaming problems, mediation interventions, study design features, and sample characteristics.

Results

No type of parental mediation was consistently associated with lower or elevated problematic screen use rates in the adolescents. Refraining from parental mediation tended to aggravate screen use problems, whereas active mediation (talking to the teen) may mitigate such problems in PIU, but less clearly in POG. The link of restrictive mediation with problematic screen use varied from positive to negative, possibly depending on type of restriction. In both PIU and POG, family cohesion was related to lower rates of the problem behavior concerned and family conflict to higher rates.

Discussion and conclusions

Parental mediation practices may affect problematic screen use rates for better or worse. However, research of higher quality, including observations of parent-teen interactions, is needed to confirm the trends noted and advance the critical issue of the possible association between PIU, POG, and family interactions.
OXIDATION RESISTANCE AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF Pt AND PtIr DIFFUSION COATINGS ON Ni BASED SINGLE CRYSTAL SUPERALLOYS BY ELECTROPLATING METHOD
Authors: Dao Tue Chi , Murakami Hideyuki , Hong Lien Le Thi
Published: December 2019

In this study, Pt and PtIr diffusion coatings on Ni based single crystal superalloys were fabricated by an electroplating method followed by an annealing heat treatment process. The microstructure and phase constitution of the coatings were studied by SEM/EDS and XRD methods. The cyclic oxidation test at 1150oC was conducted to investigate the oxidation resistance of the coatings. The results showed that the addition of Ir in the coating led to the formation of α(NiPt2Al) phase and reduced the formation Kirkendall voids in the coating after 100 cycle oxidation test.
EFFECT OF WELD PARAMETERS ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FRICTION-STIR-WELDED HEAT-TREATABLE AA6061-T6
Authors: Tra Tran Hung
Published: December 2019

Effect of welding parameters on the mechanical properties of the friction stir welding of heat-treatable 6061-T6 was experimentally investigated. The influence of the welding rates on the hardness, tensile strength, bending strength, and the impact energy of the welding were investigated. The experimental results showed the joint could be obtained with free defects. However, both the tensile and bending strength of the joint were quite low compared to that of the base alloy 6061. The bending ductility of the joints were improved significantly. While the impact resistance at around the welded zone was higher than that of the base alloy, the impact resistance at the weld center was remarkable low.
ANTIBACTERIAL FINISHING ON COTTON 100% AND CVC FABRICS WITH TANNIN FROM PIPER BETLE EXTRACT
Authors: Huong Bui Mai , Hue Trinh Thi Kim
Published: December 2019

Following the recent trend of using natural ingredients from bio-macromolecules, biomaterials, plant extract in textile chain, this research aims to develop an antibacterial textiles finishing with Tannin extracted from piper betle plant. The extracting processes were carried out with different solvent: distilled water, Ethanol 30%, Ethanol 50%, Ethanol 70% in 60 minutes. Two important types of fabric, including Cotton and CVC (Cotton/Polyester) were padded with piper betle extracts, then dried at 60oC in 5 minutes. The presence of tannin on fabric after treatment was determined by FeCl3 test and FT-IR spectrum. The antibacterial effect of finished fabrics was proved according to ASTM 2149-01 standard. The test was performed with Escherichia Coli ATCC 25922 and Staphylococus aureus AATCC 6538. The final results exhibited good antibacterial activity of 83.02%, 65,33% against the bacteria Ecoli and 93.88 %, 85.14% against the bacteria S.Aureus on cotton and then CVC fabrics.
Hıristiyan Gelenekte Müzik: Amerikan Hıristiyan Müziğinde Gospel Müzik, Bluz ve Caz Örneği
Authors: KIZILABDULLAH Şahin
Published: December 2019

Müzik, hemen tüm dinler için vazgeçilmez bir özellik olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Hıristiyanlık, müziğe ayinlerde ve sosyal yaşamda en çok yer veren dini geleneklerden biri olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Hıristiyan mezhepleri arasında müziği kullanma noktasında birbirinden farklı uygulamalar görülmektedir. Amerikan Hıristiyanlığı, 18 ve 19. yy. lardan itibaren yaşadığı dini uyanış tecrübesinde, müziğe özel önem vermiştir. Baptist, Metodist, Luteriyen ve Pentakostal geleneğe bağlı kiliseler, Hıristiyan müziğinin dönüşümünde ve yaygınlaşmasında rol almıştır. Bu süreç yeni tarz ilahiler ve daha sonrasında Gospel Müziği olarak kendini göstermiştir. Bu iki türün ve yerel bazı kültürel etkenlerin de devreye girmesi ile tarz olarak seküler ancak sözleri itibariyle dini içeriğe sahip olabilen müzik türleri ortaya çıkmıştır. Bluz ve Caz bu türler arasında en öne çıkan ve uluslararası boyuta ulaşan iki önemli örnek olarak değerlendirilmektedir.
Evaluation of two-stage scaling for physical modelling of soil−foundation−structure systems
Authors: Borghei Amin , Ghayoomi Majid
Published: December 2019

Several factors, such as the payload capacity of a geotechnical centrifuge, performance of an in-flight shake table and a maximum achievable centrifugal acceleration, limit the size of a structure that can be modelled to study soil−foundation−structure interaction (SFSI) effects using centrifuge modelling. The two-stage scaling method is an innovative technique to model larger prototypes in currently available centrifuge facilities. In this study, two sets of dynamic centrifuge experiments were conducted to evaluate the applicability of the method for SFSI studies. Two physical models, representing a target structure placed on dry sandy soil, were designed based on the scaling factors of conventional centrifuge modelling at 50g and the two-stage scaling method at 25g. The models were excited under different realistic earthquake motions. The results showed good agreements for the estimation of flexible-base natural frequencies of the physical models. The performance of the method for estimation of seismic amplification factors, kinematic incoherence parameters and foundation impedance functions was fair. Poor and fair agreements were observed for the estimation of seismic soil settlement recorded beneath the physical models and free field, respectively. Overall, the method can be used for SFSI studies in the centrifuge modelling while considering its strengths and weaknesses.
Analysing drivers’ stop and go decisions in dilemma zones at signalised intersections
Authors: Abdolrazaghi Alireza , Mirbaha Babak , Rassafi Amir A.
Published: December 2019

Drivers usually experience dilemmas in stopping or crossing at the end of a green phase or the first seconds of a red phase. These decisions could be the function of drivers’ behaviour. The severity of drivers’ behaviour while crossing intersections can be related to different factors such as traffic, environment and geometric conditions of the intersection. The primary objective of this study is to identify and analyse drivers’ behaviour while crossing signalised intersections. The required data were collected from four signalised intersections in Qazvin, Iran using video surveillance cameras in peak and off-peak hours and also in rainy and sunny weather conditions. More than 700 samples were observed, and drivers’ crossing behaviours were analysed using ordered and multinomial logit models after the onset of each yellow phase. The results showed that the speed of drivers who crossed during red and yellow phases was 39% and 13%, respectively, greater than drivers who stopped at this interval. The results indicated that the waiting time and the traffic volume at each red phase increase the driver's go decision when crossing the intersection. Furthermore, it was found that, in more congested conditions, the likelihood of crossing at yellow and red phases increases.
Relación entre estrategias de negocios y características organizacionales con los tipos de innovación: aplicación en empresas de servicios
Authors: Ostos Mariño Jhony , Saenz Arteaga Arturo Rodolfo , Bremser Kerstin
Published: December 2019

Various authors maintain that innovation practices depend on business strategies, therefore companies must configure an organizational structure that facilitates the coordination of tasks and allows objectives to be reached. In a sample of 203 service companies, an analysis was carried out of the influence of business strategies and organizational characteristics on technical innovation and administrative innovation. The results indicate that there is an important relationship between the business strategy and the technical and administrative innovations. On the other hand, organizational characteristics only had a significant relationship with technical innovation but not with the administrative innovation.
Deterioro del fondo de comercio en las normas internacionales: estudio de una muestra de grupos cotizados españoles
Authors: Blasco María Pilar , Costa Alicia , Montes Alejandra
Published: December 2019

El reconocimiento y valoración del fondo de comercio es una cuestión que reviste cierta complejidad, habiendo sido objeto de debate y discusión durante décadas. El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar un análisis de la normativa contable nacional e internacional respecto al fondo de comercio y contrastar su aplicación en una muestra de grupos de empresas cotizados en España, concretamente los que formaron parte del índice IBEX 35 entre 2005-2016.Los resultados obtenidos evidencian una mejora en la calidad de la información con el paso del tiempo, si bien detectamos que las entidades son más reacias a proporcionar cierta información tal como la relacionada con los factores cualitativos que justifican el reconocimiento del fondo de comercio. El trabajo analiza también el importe del deterioro del fondo de comercio registrado en las cuentas de pérdidas y ganancias de estas compañías, observando cantidades relativamente pequeñas y en muchos casos nulas, siendo el sector financiero el que muestra ―en casi todos los años― los mayores importes. Asimismo, los grupos analizados aplican en gran medida los requisitos de información establecidos por las normas en materia de valoración del fondo de comercio.Concluimos que, a pesar de la crisis económica sufrida en España durante el período objeto de estudio, los grupos registran pequeñas pérdidas de valor de este activo.
ADOLESAN BASKETBOLCULARDA BİYOLOJİK OLGUNLAŞMA DÜZEYİ VE ANTROPOMETRİK, FİZYOLOJİK ÖZELLİKLERDE YAŞA BAĞLI FARKLILIKLAR
Authors: SAÇ Ajlan , ÇOLAK Halil
Published: December 2019

Bu çalışmanın amacı çocukluk ve adolesan dönemdeki 12-14 yaş arası basketbolcu gençlerin yaşa bağlı antropometrik, fizyolojik, biyolojik olgunlaşma karakteristiğini incelemek ve olası farkları belirlemektir. Araştırma iyi antrene olmuş 48 katılımcıyla gerçekleştirildi (U13, n=15; U14, n=15; U15, n=18). Katılımcıların antropometrik parametreleri (boy uzunluğu, vücut ağırlığı, deri kıvrım kalınlığı, vücut çevre ve ekstremite uzunlukları) ölçüldü ve 20 m sprint süresi, dikey sıçrama, durarak uzun atlama değerleri ve otur-eriş test sonuçları kaydedildi. Zirve boy hızı yaşı hesaplanarak biyolojik olgunlaşma düzeyleri tespit edildi. Fizyolojik, antropometrik ön ve son-test verileri, biyolojik olgunlaşma düzeyi gruplar arası yaşa bağlı olarak istatiksel bakımdan farklıydı (U15>U14>U13; p<0,05). Performans düzeyleri daha iyi olan sporcuların diğerlerinden daha uzun, daha fazla vücut ağırlığına sahip olduklarının yanı sıra kulaç, bacak ve kol uzunluklarının da daha fazla olduğu gözlemlendi. Antropometrik, fizyolojik parametrelerde grup içi ön ve son test verileri arasında ise istatistiki anlamlı fark tespit edildi (p<0,05); biyolojik olgunlaşma durumu ise homojendi (p>0,05). Esneklik dışında tüm değişkenler biyolojik olgunlaşma düzeyi ile korelasyona sahipti ve bu ilişki 20 m sprint hariç (ön test r=-0,36; son test r=-0,31) pozitifti (r=0,29-0,64). Daha yüksek biyolojik olgunlaşma düzeyine sahip olanların antropometrik verileri ve fizyolojik test sonuçları daha iyiydi. Sonuç olarak, genç basketbolcularda antropometrik ve fizyolojik farkların düzenli antrenmanın yanı sıra biyolojik olgunlaşma düzeyiyle ilişkili olabileceği; puberte dönemde kronolojik yaş ve biyolojik olgunlaşma düzeyine bağlı fiziksel ve fizyolojik parametrelerin basketbolda başarı için önemli olduğu söylenebilir.
Underground Research Laboratory in “the Yenisei” Section of the Nizhnekansky Massif of the Krasnoyarsk Region
Authors: Linge Igor I. , Utkin Sergey S. , Kulagina Tatiana A. , Trokhov Nikolay N.
Published: December 2019

The issues of the construction and operation of an underground research laboratory for the purpose of substantiating the long-term safety of the deep radioactive waste disposal facility in the Russian Federation from the perspective of scientific support are considered. The basic principles are stated and the key directions of a long-term program of scientific research, including in an underground laboratory, are justified for assessing and substantiating the safety of an object at all stages of its life cycle
CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE UNIFICATION OF LITHUANIAN ANTI-SOVIET PARTISANS DURING 1946-1949
Authors: Juodis D.
Published: December 2019

In 2019 comes the 70th anniversary of the founding of LLKS – the Union of Lithuanian Freedom Fighters (Lietuvos Laisvės Kovos Sąjūdi). This underground organization had been founded in February of 1949. It united the people, who had been fighting against the Soviet power in Lithuania. Heads of the LLKS were active partisans and they called themselves freedom fighters. In the same time, other people called partisans ‘forest men’, ‘greens’ etc.

The main purpose of this article – to consider the process of unification of the forces of Lithuanian partisans under unified command and to highlight the main circumstances of this process. The article is based on the archival materials and modern research writings. So far, very few research papers about Lithuanian anti-Soviet struggle have been published outside Lithuania. That’s why one of the goals of the author – to provide the information about this episode of the modern history of Lithuania to Ukrainian readers. Perhaps, the similarity with Ukrainian national insurgent movement during the 2nd World War will be found.

The final ambition of the armed struggle of Lithuanian partisans was the creation of free democratic Lithuania. Partisans considered the mistakes of Lithuanian state-building during the interwar period, such as authoritarian regime and weak social politics. Freedom fighters hoped to get help from the West countries – Great Britain of the USA – through the mediation of Lithuanian emigrants. The unification of partisans was difficult because of the activity of infiltrated Soviet security agents.

The chronological framework of the article covers the period of 1946-1949, when where held the main events of the unification of partisans. Active partisan struggle against the Soviet in Lithuania power lasted to 1953.
Introductory remarks by the corresponding member of RAS Kerimov D.A.
Authors: Kerimov D A
Published: December 2019

Russian journal of legal studies
The state vector of russian juridical researches in the first half of the xxi century
Authors: Seregin A V
Published: December 2019

In the article are analyzed the modern condition of the Russian juridical science. The author noted that the national jurisprudence must become free from the imitation the Roman-Germanic and Anglo-Saxon juridical values. The moral-political education of the lawyers and civil servants’ principles are disclosed in the work. As well as in connection with the development of the disintegration processes between the Slavic states in the end XX - in the early XXI centuries the great significance in the law study of our country acquires the task to revive the juridical slavistic. This part of the law’ theory is called upon to form the united law culture and the ideology of the law system, functioning in the Slavic countries.
THe main approaches to the study of problems of effectiveness legal responsibility
Authors: Osipov Y M
Published: December 2019

Problem of the effectiveness of legal responsibility - this is one of the important problems in the theory of state and law. In the present article the basic concept of the effectiveness of legal liability. It is concluded that the effectiveness of legal responsibility complex legal phenomenon, requiring the use of a variety of approaches, and the problem itself effectiveness of legal responsibility has no unique solution.
Termination of powers of the president of the russian federation: legal gaps
Authors: Golubeva L A
Published: December 2019

Modern Russian constitutional law establishes the legal status of the head of state as the underlying implementation of public administration. The need for compliance with democratic tendencies of the Republican form of government entails the requirement of changing the head of state. System analysis of the existing provisions of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and other Federal law allows you to identify gaps in regulation and suggest ways for them to meet. Termination of powers of the President of the Russian Federation is of interest in connection with the importance of the impact of the Russian President on public administration and society in General. To achieve the objectives of the study used the methods of analysis and synthesis, the method of historical retrospective and comparative legal method, proposed solutions to the identified problems using a synergistic approach.
Constitutional aspects of defending of participants of shared-equity construction through the administrative coercion measures
Authors: Ruzanov I V
Published: December 2019

The question about the conceptual bases of administrative influence on the participants of economic life is raised in the paper. It is suggested to use the methodology of economy, particularly the conception of transaction costs minimization as an aim of state, to work out the optimal model of economy regulation through the administrative measures. Based on this approach, the author analyses the article 14.28 of Administrative Code of the Russian Federation.
Russian legal education today: problems and prospects
Authors: Mescheryakova O M
Published: December 2019

This article is devoted to study of regulatory legal aspects which Russian Federation implemented pursuant to the so-called Bologna Declaration - a joint declaration of the European Ministers of Education adopted in Bologna on June 19, 1999, which Russian Federation joined in the year 2003. In the present article institutional transformation taken by Russian Federation in this way, as well as various organizational and legal difficulties that Russian education system faced on the way of implementation and commitments taken as per international agreements in this area. On the basis of understanding of juridical education as a constitutional value the article analyses the present state of juridical education through the prism of constitutional security of the state, society and personality. This problem aggravated due to inclusion of juridical education into Bologna process and artificial introduction of twolevel system of juridical education (baccalaureate - master’s degree), change of philosophical-worldview fundamentals of the juridical education. It makes the task of elaboration of a national conception of training of juridical personnel topical.
Globalization of the world and supranational law
Authors: Luneev V V
Published: December 2019

The article deals with the interconnectedness of the world cause problems of globalization and supranational law. It is noted that the globalization of the world is very complicated political and legal, economic and social phenomenon, and therefore requires an assessment directly through an appeal to the realities. The author reveals the features of globalization and analyzes its criminological significant problems, among them: the problem of employment, the problem of financial market speculation, the problem of the loss of sovereignty of nation states and other important processes.
Theory and practice of democracy
Authors: Kerimov A D
Published: December 2019

In this paper, the author does not seek to idealize democracy, considering it solely through the prism of its inherent qualities, advantages and benefits. On the contrary, it aims to reveal the vices and defects, immanent and inherent in the democratic process for a priori formation, organization and functioning of the government and the respective ideology. In the final part of the article outlines some of the possible ways and forms to overcome identified shortcomings.
The duality in the understanding of the modern criminal policy
Authors: Shultz V L , Bochkarev S A
Published: December 2019

The article examines the level of understanding of the moderators (scientists) and operators (practitioners) of the criminal law as an indicator reflecting the state of this branch of law. Diagnosed subjects of criminal-legal monitoring in their assessments of the state of law and order are at opposite positions on critical remote from each other a distance. In this regard, posed and investigated the question of whether their differences are the result of basic differences in point of view or they prove that between the parties to the controversy there is nounderstanding.Accordingtotheresultsstatedthat«split»inuntreatableandinter-sectoralviewsonthestateofthecurrentcriminallegal procedure due to the fact that monitoring tools are based on the relativistic attitudes that lead to paralysis of the activity of judicial bodies.
Modern trends of development criminal procedure legislation in the light of a fair criminal policy of the state
Authors: Timoshenko A A
Published: December 2019

In the article the author considers the problems of reforming the criminal procedure legislation in Russia and relates them to the criminal policy of the state. Special attention is given to such bills as the concepts of objective truth and the investigating judge, as well as issues of humanization of the criminal procedure law.
The Institute of Specialized Investigating Judges: On the Discussion of Vectors of the Legislative Will
Authors: Kovtun N N
Published: December 2019

The author gives the analysis of objective reasons that create the need for the criminal procedure doctrine, the legislator and the state authority to organize the institute of specialized investigating judges in criminal court proceedings of Russia, designed to perform the complex of jurisdictional and, partly, investigative functions.