bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of the Bansos Rastra distribution program in Kajang District, Bulukumba Regency
Authors: Darwis  , Didiansari P , Lumoindong Y , Demmallino E B , Ramlan M A
Published: July 2021

Prosperous Rice Social Assistance (BansosRastra) is a program organized by the Indonesian government that aims to increase and open up access for poor families to food, especially rice. The effectiveness of BansosRastra distribution can be assessed through the achievement of the 6R targets (six right), namely the right target recipient, the right amount, the right price, the right time, the right administration and the right quality. The large number of poor households in Kajang District, Bulukumba Regency requires an evaluation of the effectiveness of the BansosRastra program so that the program runs optimally and avoids conflicts related to aid distribution. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the distribution of the BansosRastra program in Kajang District, Bulukumba Regency, South Sulawesi. This research uses quantitative methods. The results of the study concluded that the implementation of the BansosRastra Program in Kajang District, Bulukumba Regency was classified as ineffective. The level of effectiveness of the implementation of the BansosRastraProgram is low, at only 42.37%.
Retail price fluctuation of Curly Chili commodity in Makassar City
Authors: Anisa A , Tenriawaru A N , Arsyad M , Salam M , Diansari Pipi , Ramadan S
Published: July 2021

Curly chilies price fluctuations often occur and are used by traders to manipulate price information at the producer level so that price transmission from the consumer market to producers tends to be asymmetrical. This indicates that price information has not been distributed properly. This study using descriptive analyse for the level of variation in the price of curly chilies in Makassar City. The results showed that the highest chili prices in the Terong and Toddopuli markets occurred in April 2018 with the respective amounts of IDR 25,458.63/kg and IDR 32,759.27/kg while for Pa’baeng-baeng market it reached IDR 32,125.00/kg in November 2016. While the lowest price occurred in December 2018 at the Terong market (Rp. 10,790.05/kg) and November at Toddopuli market, namely 12,818.55/kg and in November 2017 at the Pabaeng-baeng market, namely Rp. 13,392.52/kg.
Farmers’ perceptions of the role of agricultural extension agents in Taroada Village, Turikale District, Maros Regency
Authors: Jamil M H , Ibrahim Tamzil , Tenriawaru A. Nixia , Anisa A , Hidayat HY Anang
Published: July 2021

This study discusses farmers’ perceptions of the role of agricultural extension officers as communicators, facilitators, innovators, educators, and motivators in Taroada Village, Turikale District, Maros Regency. Farmers’ perceptions of extension activities determine the intensity of farmer participation. So it is hoped that the active role of extension agents in building trust in farmers is expected. This research took place from January to March. The data analysis method used is descriptive quantitative, where the data obtained from interviews with 138 respondents from all levels of the farmer class will be scored and explained descriptively to provide an overview of the role of extension agents for farmers. The results showed that agricultural instructors in Taroada Village, Turikale District, Maros Regency were sufficiently involved as communicators, facilitators, innovators, educators, and motivators.
Integration between the benchmarking market and the retail market for Curly Chili Commodities in Makassar City
Authors: Tenriawaru AN , Arsyad M , Salam M , Fudjaja L , Anisa A
Published: July 2021

Market integration is related to marketing agencies which plays a role in connecting producers or traders with consumers. The chili trader as marketing agencies, caused price changes in the benchmarking market with prices in the retail market because the distribution of goods from the benchmarking market to the retail market take marketing costs and profits. It will cause the price of a commodity in one market to differ from another. This study aims to analyze the integration between the benchmarking market and the retail market. The data analysis technique used is the Index of Market Connection (IMC) analysis, the Stationarity Test, and the Cointegration Test. The results of this study indicate that the integration of the curly chili market between Terong Market and Toddopuli Market has an IMC value of 0.55 that indicates a high short-term market integrationMeanwhile, for Terong and Pabaeng-baeng Market, the IMC value was 1.11 indicating a low short-term market integration, so that Terong Market was not the main factor affecting the price formation in Pabaeng-baeng Market.
Rice seed breeding business development strategy
Authors: Darwis  , Summase A P , Arsyad M , Rukmana D , Tenriawaru A N , Viantika N M , Rahmadanih
Published: July 2021

South Sulawesi is one of the producers and buffers of rice for national food needs. North Luwu Regency is a rice producing area in South Sulawesi with a total production of 178,243 tons and a harvest area of 38,940 ha in 2015. The inhibition factor of rice farmers is that the superior seeds available do not meet the needs of farmers. Of the 6 seed breeding businesses only 4 are still active. This research aims to produce strategies for seed breeding efforts so as to meet the needs of quality seeds. In achieving these goals swot analysis is used. The strategies offered from the results of this research are to increase the quantity of products by optimizing their resources, providing seeds at an affordable price, increasing the capacity of experts, increasing the availability of capital, improving the quality of seeds, developing marketing networks, and improving relationships with the government.
Income analysis of seaweed agribusiness in Ma’rang District, Pangkep Regency
Authors: Bulkis S , Arief A , Arfah A N S
Published: July 2021

South Sulawesi is the province with the largest contributor to national seaweed production with an increase in production reaching 300 thousand tons per year. Efforts to increase seaweed production are highly achievable, because the area of South Sulawesi is considered to have a large enough potential for coastal fisheries resources, cultivation and postharvest technologies are easy to implement and do not require large capital. In Ma’rang Subdistrict, Pangkep Regency, this seaweed cultivation activity has been used by farmers. However, in fact seaweed farming has problems, namely the low price of seaweed received by farmers and low production yields. This study aims to Analyze the factors that affect the income of seaweed farming in Ma’rang sub-district, Pangkep district. The analytical method used is quantitative analysis in the form of multiple linear analysis with a total of 85 respondents. The results showed that the factors affecting the income of seaweed farming in Ma’rang sub-district, Pangkep district were influenced by the selling price of IDR 21,552.94/kg, production 29,085/kg, seedlings IDR 2,063,558.82/cycle, and the number of stretches is 191.88 units.
Decision analysis of pepper (Piper nisrum L.) farmers in choosing organic farming system
Authors: Fudjaja L , Viantika N M , Heliawaty  , Tenriawaru N , Aulia I
Published: July 2021

All Organic farming considered as one of the solutions to the green revolution. Organic farming business is relatively profitable because the selling price of organic commodities is more expensive than non-organic. On contrary farmers’ interest were still lacking in organic farming. This study aims are to analyze the influences factors of pepper farmers in decision making on choosing organic farming systems, so as to analyze the ratio of income levels of organic pepper farmers compared to non-organic pepper growers. Descriptive analysis, logistic regression analysis and income comparison analysis was applied. The results showed that age, level of education and price were some factors that influenced the decision of pepper farmers on choose an organic farming system. Furthermore, organic pepper farmer incomes is higher than the income of non-organic pepper farmers by a difference at IDR 11,884,591.3.
Effectiveness of management and utilization of agricultural equipment and machinery assistance (ALSINTAN) by recipient farmer groups in South Sulawesi
Authors: Rukmana D , Indriani E , Fudjaja L , Fahmid M , Diansari P
Published: July 2021

Alsintan is an agricultural technology created to help farmers in farming. Alsintan aims to minimize the costs incurred by farmers such as processing time, harvesting, drying, the amount of labor, the length of land processing work and an important opportunity is the increase in rice production. Alsintan assistance is one of the Ministry of Agriculture programs intended for farmers/gapoktan/upja/farming communities with the aim to overcome labor scarcity and help accelerate the process of agricultural cultivation. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of management and utilization of alsintan assistance in Mappedeceng District, North Luwu Regency, South Sulawesi. Data analysis techniques used are descriptive analysis to find out the effectiveness of management and utilization of alsintan assistance by farmers groups receiving alsintan results showed that the effectiveness of management and utilization of alsintan assistance is 77.04%. This shows that the management and utilization of alsintan assistance in Mappedeceng sub-district has not been effective.
Factors shifting employment in communities in Takalar Regency
Authors: Rukmana D , Fahmid M , Salam M , Tenriawaru A N , Maryama A
Published: July 2021

Employment changes that occur in communities in the agricultural sector, namely fishermen and farmers, are caused by several factors that influence it. These factors are caused by erratic/low wages in the agricultural sector, a low view of employment in the agricultural sector, and boredom felt by people who work in the agricultural sector. This study aims to describe the factors of shift in employment in the community in Bontolebang Village, Galesong Utara District, Takalar Regency and the results show that during the period studied, from February to March 2019, there were 2 factors that influenced the shift in labor, namely the driving force for labor exit from the agricultural sector such as erratic wages, low views on agriculture and saturation/boredom and labor pull factors choosing to work in the nonagricultural sector such as open employment opportunities, fixed income and more promising.
Analysis of agriculture based sector in regional development of Gowa Regency
Authors: Mahyuddin  , Arsyad M , Darma R , Fahmid M , Fudjaja L , Rukka R M , Miftahulmawaddah
Published: July 2021

Agriculture sector as one of the potential economic sectors in contributing to national economic growth and development, both in terms of income and labor absorption. Analysis of the determination of the base sector is needed as the basis for the formulation of economic development policy patterns in Gowa Regency in the future, so that economic development policies can be directed to move those sectors. This research aims to analyze the agricultural sector and other sectors that become the basis in the regional economy in Gowa Regency. This study used secondary data in the form of Gross Regional Domestic Product (GDP) data and gdp growth rate of Gowa Regency and South Sulawesi Province in 2012-2016 and analyzed using Location Quotient, Shift Share and Klassen Typology methods. The results concluded that the Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries Sector is one of the economic sectors that is the base in Gowa Regency, but is a ‘developed but depressed (stagnant sector) sector’ due to the slowing growth rate every year.
Community income analysis in lake Tempe Area, Wajo Regency
Authors: Darma R , Pada A A T , Bakri R , Darwis  , Amrullah A , Taufik M
Published: July 2021

In the Lake Tempe Area every rainy season is flooded. Where in the dry season the waters of Lake Tempe will experience drought and in the rainy season will experience overflowing water that causes flooding. Both seasons have an impact on the agricultural conditions of the community in the Lake Tempe Area. Due to the change of seasons is the dominant factor that causes local communities to adapt and interact with their environment which will also impact the income of people in the Lake Tempe Area. This study aims to analyze the income of people in the Lake Tempe Area Fishermen Farmers in farming activities, fishing and households, in Mallusesalo Village, Sabbangparu District, Wajo Regency and the results showed that during the period studied, namely from April to May 2019, the average household income of respondents in Mallusesalo Village in one year amounted to IDR 29,034,441 household income derived from agricultural and fishing income.
Effectiveness of subsidized fertilizer distribution to rice farmer In Lemoe, Bacukiki District, Parepare, South Sulawesi
Authors: Rukka R M , Darma R , Rukmana D , Arsyad M , Anriany N P , Alwi L
Published: July 2021

Subsidized fertilizer is one of the government’s efforts to ensure the availability of fertilizer. However, farmers have difficulty in accessing subsidized fertilizers. This study aims to find out the effectiveness of subsidized fertilizer distribution in Lemoe Village, Bacukiki District, Parepare City. The analysis method used is descriptive quantitative by using effectiveness analysis. The results showed that the distribution process there are 4 lines of fertilizer storage up to farmers. Subsidized fertilizer distribution is carried out in a closed system based on the Definitive Plan of Group Needs (RDKK) with the Highest Retail Price (HET) as stipulated in the Regulation of the Minister of Agriculture on Allocation and HET of Subsidized Fertilizer in the Agricultural Sector. Overall the distribution of fertilizer felt by farmers runs effectively, with this it can be known that the subsidized fertilizer distribution program in Lemoe Village, Bacukiki District, Parepare City has been implemented in accordance with the guidelines for the implementation of fertilizer subsidies.
Roles extension agents in the dynamics of rice farmer groups in Taroada Village, Turikale District, Maros Regency
Authors: Jamil M H , Ibrahim T , Anisa A , HY Anang Hidayat , Bafadal A , Halil
Published: July 2021

Agricultural instructors are tasked with assisting farmers in improving their standard of living through empowerment by developing human resources. One of the programs that must be carried out in education, skills, and employment-related to increasing the ability of farmer groups supported by initiatives, concrete actions, and the creative power of farmers and extension workers as supporters. This study aims to examine the role of extension agents in the dynamics of rice farmer groups in Taroada Village, Turikale District, Maros Regency. The data used in this study are primary data and secondary data. This study, using the Rank Spearman data analysis method. The results of this study conclude that the role of agricultural extension agents on the dynamics of farmer groups is concluded to have a significant relationship that the better the role applied by agricultural extension agents, the more dynamic farmer groups are..
Rice farmers response to the agricultural insurance program in Matakali District, Polewali Mandar Regency
Authors: Amiruddin A , Demmallino E B , Ali M S S , Ikawani  , Khaeruni A
Published: July 2021

Agricultural insurance is an agreement between the farmer and the insurance company to bind himself in the coverage of farm business risks. Agricultural insurance is an alternative to minimize risks that deserve to be considered, especially to overcome losses due to climate change. Agricultural insurance deals with farm financing with third parties (private institutions/companies/government agencies) with a certain amount of premium financing. This study aims to determine the response of farmers to agricultural insurance in Matakali District, Polewali Mandar Regency, West Sulawesi Province. This study uses a weighted average calculation with the Guttman Scale. The results of the study concluded that the cognitive response of farmers was in the category of agreeing with the tendency of farmers to understand agricultural insurance, the affective response of farmers was in the category of agreeing with the agricultural insurance program and was welcomed by farmers, and the conative response of farmers was in the category of disagreeing with most farmers not actively involved in the agricultural insurance program.
Characteristic and organoleptic of rice analog based on soybean flour and sweet potato flour in supporting food security
Authors: Aimanah Ummu , Jamil M H
Published: July 2021

Analog rice is a food substitute for rice, produced with the addition of ingredients that can bind the content of soybean fiber and starch from sweet potato. The objectives of the study include: (1) Knowing the characteristics of making analog rice from soybean flour with sweet potato flour, (2) Analyzing carbohydrate content, crude fiber, moisture content, and (3) organoleptic rice analog test from Soybean flour with sweet potato flour. Results of research on making analog rice from soybean flour and sweet potato flour with formula 1:2 (soybean flour 40% and sweet potato flour 60%). On the analysis of fiber content of 5.29% and carbohydrate 29.43, formula 2:1 (soybean flour 60% and sweet potato flour 40%). Moisture content from 29.43 materials. The results of the organoleptic test in analog rice against the color, taste, and texture of the formula 1:2 panelist are very fond of both the color, flavor, so on the texture from the analog rice of soybean flour and sweet potato flour.
The land suitability evaluation of upland rice in the low dryland of Bengkulu Province
Authors: Nurmegawati  , Yartiwi  , Siagian I C , Yesmawati  , Yuliasari S , Sastro Y
Published: July 2021

The problem with dry land is that it has a low fertility rate which causes low land productivity, so that production is low. This study aims to determine the suitability of upland rice land and soil fertility status in 3 sub-districts, namely Air Periukan, Pondok Kelapa, and Kerkap. The parameters observed were land characteristics which included climate data and soil physical and chemical properties. Data analysis was carried out by matching each land characteristic with the conditions for upland rice growth. The conclusion was based on the smallest value (minimum law) as a land suitability decision. The results showed that the suitability of the upland rice field in Air Periukan District, Pondok Kelapa district, and Kerkap district are included in S3 classes. Furthermore, the limiting factors for those districts are different. In the Air Periukan District, water availability and nutrient retention as limiting factors. However, only water availability is a limiting factor in Pondok Kelapa district. The land suitability in the Kerkap district for upland rice land has a limiting factor regarding nutrient retention and nutrient availability. The suggested alternative for soil cultivation in the research area is increasing C-organic and CEC, improving other nutrient content by providing manure, straw compost, and giving balanced inorganic fertilizers.
Role of labile fraction of carbon for soil quality assessment (A Review)
Authors: Amin M , Salamba H N , Juita N
Published: July 2021

Labile organic carbon fraction (LOC) response as a sensitive indicator of changes in soil quality. Changes in land management, use, and land cover significantly affect the total soil organic carbon. Organic forms such as the labile carbon fraction are still very rarely studied and affect soil quality. Soil quality is defined as the soil’s capacity to perform various functions and can be accessed by measuring the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil. Organic carbon of various forces has a major role in soil function. It is important to know the labile fraction of soil carbon because this fraction is a food source and greatly affects the nutrient cycle and other soil properties.
Factors affecting to the application of biosecurity practices on beef cattle farms in Bone Regency
Authors: Lestari V S , Rahardja D P , Sirajuddin S N
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this research was to know factors affecting to the application of biosecurity practices on beef cattle farms. The research was conducted in Bone Regency, South Sulawesi Province. The total sample was 51 beef cattle farmers, which was chosen through purposive sampling. Data consisted of primary and secondary data. Data were collected through observation and interview by using a questionnaire. A multiple regression model was used in this research. The dependent variable was biosecurity practices, while the independent variables were age, gender, education level, household size, farm experience, and flock size. Guttman scale was used to know whether biosecurity practices were applied or not. The results revealed that R2 was 0.923. Simultaneously, all independent variables were significant in applying biosecurity practices on beef cattle farms (P < 0.01). Partially, only the age of respondents and education level were significant (P < 0.01).
Response of shallots varieties to mulch treatment and the different planting season in the lowlands
Authors: Noor A , Ningsih R D , Pramudyani L , Sabur A , Lesmayati S
Published: July 2021

The low production of shallots due to low productivity caused mainly by the not suitability of varieties, land and climate. The research aims to study 1) the response of varieties to mulch treatment, 2) the response of varieties to different planting seasons without mulch treatment to productivity shallots in the lowland. The study was conducted in the lowlands, Tapin district, South Kalimantan at the rainy and dry season 2017. Three shallots varieties of Batu Ijo, Bauji and Bima Brebes were planted in the 2017 rainy season which were treated with plastic mulch and without mulch. In the 2017 dry season, the three varieties were planted again without mulch treatment. The results showed that the average use mulch treatment in the rainy season increased the productivity of shallots (8.02 t ha−1) higher than without mulch (6.77 t ha−1). The average yield of Bauji variety (8.28 t ha−1) and Batu Ijo variety (8.28 t ha−1) was higher than Bima Brebes variety (4.52 t ha−1). The average productivity of shallots planted in the dry season was 12.37 t ha−1 higher than the rainy season 6.77 t ha−1. Bauji variety was more adaptive to be planted without mulch in the rainy or dry season than Batu Ijo and Bima Brebes varieties in the lowlands.
Soil classification in karstic lowland of Baraja (BRA) land system in Mangarabombang District Takalar Regency
Authors: Maricar N R , Lopulisa C , Ahmad A
Published: July 2021

Soil characteristics in Mangarabombang Subdistrict Takalar Regency, according to some expert opinions, are classified as Vertisols soil order, but in the RePPPRot Land System Review Map, it’s still classified as an Inceptisols soil order. Therefore more detailed research is needed regarding the soil order at that location. According to Soil Taxonomy at the sub-group category, this research aims to determine the types of soil in the karstic lowland of Baraja (BRA) land system. The method used is the toposequence transect and the analysis of physical and chemical properties, including soil color, structure, texture, bulk density, C-organic, CEC, pH, COLE, electrical conductivity, and bases saturation. These research results are the soil in the Baraja land system is undulating (34 masl), and flat (20 masl) was classified as Vertisol Order with the Lithic Haplusterts Sub-Group with limestone as a parent rock. The soil is characterized by open and closed fractures periodic, and there is lithic contact. The soil in flat areas (10 masl) was classified as Inceptisol soil with the Vertic Haplustepts Sub-Group with highly weathered limestone as parent rock. A cambic horizon characterizes the soil with thin lamellae and an alteration process, but it has fractures closed and open periodically. Soil types formed in the karstic lowland of Baraja (BRA) land system in Mangarabombang Sub-District was Vertisol with the Lithic Haplusterts Sub-Group and Inceptisols with the Vertic Haplustepts Sub-Group. The type of soil formed is affected by dominant factors, including climate (low rainfall), the parent material (limestone), and topography.
Minerals of parent material as an indicator of soil fertility
Authors: Nasir K , Jayadi M , Ahmad A
Published: July 2021

Soil fertility is the ability of the soil to provide nutrients. Most of the nutrients in the soil come from mineral weathering. The higher of an easily weathered mineral is in line with soil fertility. This research aims to study soil fertility rates based on the mineral content in West Sinjai Sub-district. The methods used in this study are thin sections to identify minerals in the parent material using a polarizing microscope, calculate mineral presentation and nutrient potency classification with the presentation of mineral content minus the presentation of quartz content. The dominant mineral content found is pyroxene, amphibole, and plagioclase that resulted from the andesitic parent material. Soil fertility potential in West Sinjai based on nutrient-carrying minerals is in the range of 80-100% with good criteria. Potential nutrients contained in minerals are already available for plants.
Study of soil management in rice fields in Bantimurung District Maros Regency
Authors: Safitri D E , Ahmad A , Nathan M
Published: July 2021

Rice productivity in Bantimurung District is unstable every year. Farmers tend not to attend to environmental and soil protection but are racing to increase yields rapidly using excessive chemical fertilizers and pesticides, tilling the soil too frequently, and burning postharvest straw. This study aims to study rice fields’ management in Bantimurung District, Maros Regency, based on the soil’s physical and chemical characteristics, which are expected to be a source of information in managing rice fields in Bantimurung District, Maros Regency. Data were collected using a field survey method in irrigated and rainfed rice fields and farmer interviews. Laboratory analysis included soil texture, bulk density, N-total, C-organic, pH, and organic functional group analysis. The result showed that both irrigated and rainfed rice fields have the low category of N-total (0.1-0.23%), low to a moderate category of c-organic (1.87-3.16%), and slightly acid to neutral pH (5.98-6.67). Based on farmers’ information, we know that the rice fields in Bantimurung District are still suitable for rice production but must have a proper good management principle. The best management includes not using an-organic fertilizer excessively, adding organic matter, crop rotation, and attending to water needs.
Effect of compost application on soil fertility parameters and productivity of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.)
Authors: Muthmainnah  , Padjung R , Nasaruddin  , Asrul L , Kurniawan  , Setiani UE
Published: July 2021

Cocoa is one of the plantation crops that has an important role in the national economy, yet its production has decreased due to ineffective plants’ treatment. One thing that can be done to solve this problem is applying organic material by effectively applying compost. This study aims to determine cocoa husk compost application on soil fertility and cocoa plant productivity. This research was conducted in Gantarangkeke Village, Gantarangkeke District, Bantaeng Regency, South Sulawesi Province, and took place from March to September 2020. This study used a randomized block design (RBD) as its environmental design. Compost application consists of 5 levels, namely control (0 kg/tree), (2.5 kg/tree), (5 kg/tree), (7.5 kg/tree), (10 kg/tree). The results of the research experiment showed that compost application of 10 kg/tree resulted in a pH of 6.3, CEC value of 27.14 cmol (+) kg−1, organic C content of 2.16%, available P content of 18.1 ppm, K content of 0.46 cmol (+) kg−1, Number of fruit/tree of 9.67 (fruit), number of seeds/fruit of 28.37 (seeds), the weight of 100 dry seeds of 113.17 (g), dry seeds per tree of 315.50 (g), and dry seeds per hectare of 350.50 (kg/ha). Compost application with several different doses had a significant effect on cocoa’s growth and production, especially at a dose of 10 kg/tree.
Farming analysis of soybean cultivation under coconut plantation in North Sulawesi
Authors: Manoppo C N , Yusuf  , Yusron M
Published: July 2021

The land under coconut plantation in North Sulawesi has not been optimally utilized; one of the commodities that can be cultivated is soybean. The purpose of this experiment was to study the growth and productivity of soybeans and analyze the economic feasibility of soybean cultivating under coconut. The experimental design used was a factorial randomized design experiment. The first factor is the soybean variety, and the second factor is the fertilizer dosages. The soybean varieties used were Dena-1 and Anjasmoro, while fertilization dosage were (i) recommended dosage (Urea 75 kg, SP36 100 kg, and KCl 100 kg/ha), (ii) dosage based on soil analysis (SP36 200 kg/ha and KCl 100 kg/ha), (iii) Manure + Trichoderma 2 ton/ha + bio urine (applied weekly) + NPK 200 kg/ha, and (iv) farmer dosage. The results showed that under shaded conditions of coconut stands, the Dena-1 variety production was higher than Anjasmoro. Productions were 2,210 kg/ha and 1,882 kg/ha, respectively. The recommended dosage (Urea 75 kg, SP36 100 kg, and KCl 100 kg/ha) produced the highest soybean yield. Based on farm analysis, soybeans can be cultivated and developed as a crop under coconut stands. Assuming a soybean price of IDR 6,500/kg, the R/C ratio of soybean cultivation ranged from 1.318 to 1.449. The highest R/C ratio was obtained using organic fertilizers, while the lowest R/C ratio (1.318) was achieved using recommended fertilizer dosages.
Comparative evaluation of cocoa seeds germination in local variety Gantarangkeke Bantaeng (GTB) with MCC 01 variety using seed priming treatment
Authors: Hardiansyah M Y , Amas A N K , Musa Y , Jaya A M
Published: July 2021

Gantarangkeke Bantaeng (GTB) variety seed is a type of local seed that has experienced a decline in its existence due to the emergence of superior seed types such as the MCC 01 variety resulting in low local cocoa production due to the lack of use of GTB seeds in South Sulawesi. One of the causes of low seeds capability is the lack of special treatment given to seeds which refers to the inhibition of germination of cultivated cocoa seeds. Seed priming is a treatment of soaking seeds with microbes to improve the quality of seeds germination. This study aims to compare the germination of local varieties of cocoa seeds GTB with varieties MCC 01 using Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) seed priming treatment. This study employed a randomized block design (RBD). Two cocoa seed varieties used as the first factor consisted of local GTB and MCC 01, while the seed priming treatment as the second factor consisted of PGPR concentrations of 0% (control), 5%, 10%, and 15%. The results indicate that the seed priming treatment affected the germination of two cocoa varieties seeds which included the parameters of MCC 01 seeds germination and the growth speed which was higher than local GTB seeds, 100.00% and 7.14%/etmal, respectively. Abnormal seedlings in local GTB variety were higher than MCC 01 seeds (10.00%). It can be concluded that the seed priming treatment of cocoa seeds has a high effect on seed germination of the MCC 01 variety compared to the local variety GTB.
Assessment of cultivation technology package to increase production of red chili in Karo
Authors: Simatupang S , Marpaung I , Tobing S , Ramija K E , Juita N
Published: July 2021

The Proliga Technology Package (Multiple Fold Production) is one of the newest cultivation technology innovations introduced by the IAARD. The technology targeted on increase in productivity to double from existing conditions. The productivity of red chilies in North Sumatra in the last five years has been low, around 3-9 ton/ha. The results of the study show that there was a significant difference in the productivity using the Proliga technology, which reached 20 t/ha and more profitable compared to the farmer’s method. Proliga technology production costs were more expensive than farmer technology due to additional cost of making a healthy plant nursery as well as an increase in costs for harvesting wages. The total wage cost became IDR95 million and the total production cost became IDR171,569,250.00 with B/C values ranging from 0.48 to 2.65. The profit received by farmers on this Proliga technology was IDR416,180,750.00 per hectare for 10 months. Implications of Proliga technology innovation increase productivity and income of red chili farmers.
The effect of améliorant kind and its application time on soybean growth in tidal land soil
Authors: Sagala D , Suzanna E , Prihanani
Published: July 2021

Tidal swampland is one type of suboptimal land that can be developed to increase food crop production in Indonesia. However, tidal land contains a lot of Al3+ because it has acid soil reactions. Previous research found that the critical period for soybean plants against Al3+ stress was at the beginning of growth until 20 days after planting. This study aims to obtain the appropriate ameliorant to overcome Al3+ stress during the critical period of soybean growth. An experiment on the types of ameliorant and the application time was arranged in a randomized block design repeated three times. The kinds of ameliorant tested were no ameliorant, dolomite, husk charcoal, husk ash, and straw. Each ameliorant was given 2 tonnes ha−1 before planting in dry cultivation (DC), before planting in saturated soil culture (SSC), 10 days after planting (DAP) on DC, 10 DAP for SSC, 20 DAP on DC, and 20 DAP on SSC. The experiment results are consistent with studies of saturated soil culture, which show that soybean in water-saturated culture has better growth than dry cultivation. In all kinds of ameliorant and at all times, saturated soil culture had more effect on the growth and production of soybeans. The kind of ameliorant only affected the number of branches, and the highest number of branches was obtained in soybean treated with dolomite ameliorant. However, it was not significantly different from other ameliorants.
Application of biological fertilizers on growth and yield of sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt) in dry land
Authors: Sabur A , Pramudyani L , Yasin M , Purnomo J
Published: July 2021

Sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.) is such a popular commodity that it has good market opportunities. Increase productivity of sweet corn, necessary through improving its physical, chemical, and fertility properties. Continuous use of inorganic fertilizers can reduce soil fertility. Biofertilizer is an alternative to improve and enhance soil quality to increase growth and increase plant’s yield and quality significantly. The study aimed to determine the effect of biofertilizers’ application on the growth and yield of sweet corn on the upland. The research was conducted in 2016 in Tapin district, South Kalimantan Province. It is using a randomized block design with four treatments and eight replications. The treatments consisted of Po without biofertilizer + NPK fertilizer at a dose of 100%, P1 biofertilizer + NPK fertilizer at a dose of 100%, P2 biofertilizer + NPK fertilizer at a dose of 75%, P3, biofertilizer + NPK fertilizer at a dose of 50 %. The variables observed were plant height, cob weight with husk, cob weight without husk, cob diameter, cob length, number of seed columns, and production. The results showed that applying biofertilizer increase cob weight and sweet corn production.
The Growth and productivity enhancement of rice by jajar legowo (double row) planting method in freshwater swampland
Authors: Ningsih R D , Noor A , Hasbianto A , Yuliani N , Napisah K
Published: July 2021

One of the technological innovations to increase rice productivity is the Jajar Legowo (double row) planting method. The research aimed to examine the technology of planting Jajar Legowo rice in two ways: manual and transplanter machines in freshwater rice fields. The research was conducted on 6 ha of freshwater rice fields in Martapura Barat, Banjar Regency and involved six cooperator farmers. The superior varieties used were Inpari-30 and Inpari-32. The results show that the average grain yield was higher with transplanter (8.10 t ha−1 GKP), compared to manual planting (6.90 t ha−1). Grain yields planted with transplanter + manure increased grain yields by 1.2 t ha−1 (increased by 17.4%). The transplanter treatment provided an income of IDR20,401,500.- and R C−1 = 2.70 higher than manual row planting (income IDR16,959,500.- R C−1 = 2.59). Transplanters also reduce labour costs for planting (IDR750, 000.- per hectare), and reduce planting times.
Viability and abnormality of sexed spermatozoa with albumin gradient in different diluents and antioxidants treatment
Authors: Ratnawati D , Firdaus F
Published: July 2021

Livestock is an agricultural sub-sector that contributes sufficiently to the needs of protein. One of the bio reproduction technologies to support livestock productivity is sexing technology. The purpose of this study was to measure the viability and abnormality of sexed spermatozoa from sexing with albumin with the treatment of diluents and antioxidants. The material used in this study was fresh semen of 5 PO bulls with progressive motility >70%. The sexing methodology used is 5%, 10%, and 15% albumin (egg white) gradients. The diluent treatment used was CEP-2 and andromed, with the addition or without the 1mM antioxidant (glutation). The sexed semen was made in liquid semen and stored at 3-5 ° C. Sample preparation was done by making a smear of spermatozoa on glass objects and colored with eosin negrosin. Viability and abnormality analysis was performed on days 0 (H0) and 5 (H5). Viability and abnormality analysis of spermatozoa using SCA v.2.1. Parameters measured included: spermatozoa viability and abnormality. The design of the experiment used a 2×2 factorial pattern. Data analyzed with SPSS 24. The viability of spermatozoa from sexing using egg white albumin in andromed diluents is better than CEP-2 on storage days 0-2. Abnormalities of spermatozoa of sexing during cold storage were not influenced by diluents (CEP-2 and andromed) or the use of glutathione. The viability of spermatozoa during cold storage (>80%) and abnormalities (<20%) indicate the quality of liquid semen results from sex is still good.
Adaptation of new superior varieties of rice to seawater intruded land in Mootilango Village, Duhiadaa District, Pohuwato Regency, Gorontalo Province
Authors: Hannan M F I , Buri N , Saleh T W
Published: July 2021

Seawater intrusion of paddy fields is one of the limiting factors in increasing the productivity of rice fields in Duhiadaa District. This study aims to see the adaptability of several new superior varieties of rice in seawater intrusive paddy fields in Mootilango village, Duhiadaa district. The method used in this study was a randomized block design with several treatments, namely V1 = Banyuasin variety, V2 = Inpari 34, V3 = Mekonga, V4 = Inpari 30 which was repeated three times and analyzed using the SAS program (one way ANOVA), if showed significantly different results then continued with Duncan’s continued test at the 5% real level. The data show that the treatment of Banyuasin and Inpari 30 varieties is able to adapt well to seawater intrusive land. This was indicated by the higher number of productive tillers and the number of filled grains, as well as the high weight of a thousand grains compared to the treatment of Inpari 34 and Mekonga varieties.
The risk of Arabica coffee farming in Enrekang Regency, South of Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Thamrin S , Junaedi  , Natalia D W , Sulaeha S
Published: July 2021

This study aims to determine the risks faced by Arabica coffee farmers and the factors that influence them. The site selection was carried out by purposive sampling, and two villages were selected in Enrekang Regency, South Sulawesi. The sample size of the study was 100 farmers, taken by random sampling and using the interview method and field visits. The results of the study using the coefficient of variance showed that the average value variability in the risk of Arabica coffee production was 0.407 or 40.7%. Factors that influence production risk are estimated by the Least Square Method, and the results show that the production factors of Urea and SP36 fertilizers are risk inducing, while KCl fertilizer and manure are risk reducing. The price of urea fertilizer and the price of pesticides are risk inducing.
The phenotypic performance and correlations analyses of six promising lines red rice grown on the paddy field
Authors: Herna  , Sadimantara G R , Afa L O , Febrianti E , Leomo S , Muhidin
Published: July 2021

Red rice is an essential food and has nutritional content, but farmers’ production and interest in red rice cultivation are still relatively low. One effort to develop and increase brown rice production is planting superior varieties with selection efficiency. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between yield components and yields of the six promising lines of red rice in paddy fields and to know the yield components that were positively correlated very significantly to the results in paddy fields. The research design used was a randomized block design (RBD) consisting of 6 crosses, namely GS11-1, GS11-2, GS12-1, GS12-2, GS44-1, GS44-2, and one comparison variety, Trisakti. The results of the analysis show that there were two components of yield that were highly positively correlated with yields of red rice, which were positively correlated significantly, including the number of productive tillers with grain yield per clump (0.83 **) and the weight of 1000 grains with grain yield (0.57 **).
Soil management development of suboptimal soil to improve the growth and production of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
Authors: Rachman L M , Hazra F , Baskoro D P T , Riskawati R , Putri S K
Published: July 2021

Increasing potato productivity on suboptimal soil is needed since people in various food types widely consume potato. The research was conducted at the BB-Biogen Segunung-Pacet, Cipanas District, Cianjur Regency, West-Java Province that is characterized by soil with acidic reactions, medium organic matter content and low total organic-N and exchangeable-Mg, very high available-P, high exchangeable-Ca, and K. The increasing of productivity, is designed through providing various levels of lime, manure fertilizer, and Bioboost along with basic fertilizers (ZA, SP36, and KCl). Overall, there were ten treatments, namely, 1) P1 (lime level 1, manure fertilizer level 1, basic fertilizer); 2) P2 (lime level 1, Bioboost level 1, basic fertilizer); 3) P3 (lime level 2, manure fertilizer level 1, basic fertilizer); 4) P4 (lime level 2, Bioboost level 1, basic fertilizer), 5) P5 (lime level 1, manure fertilizer level 2, basic fertilizer); 6) P 6 (lime level 1, Bioboost level2, basic fertilizer); 7) P7 (lime level 2, manure fertilizer level 2, basic fertilizer); P8 (lime level 2, Bioboost level 2, basic fertilizers); and 9) P9 (basic fertilizers), 10) P10 (control, without lime, Bioboost, manure fertilizer and organic fertilizer). P5 treatment resulted in the best growth and production of potato. The combination of the largest manure fertilizers and low-level lime provided the highest increase in productivity.
The effectiveness of endo-rhizo bacterial isolated from areca nut rizosphere (Areca cathecu L.) in breaking dormancy and improvement of seed vigor
Authors: Sutariati G A K , Muhidin  , Rahni N M , Mudi L , Maharani R R , Wibawa G N A
Published: July 2021

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of endophytic and rhizobacteria (endorhizo bacterial) isolates in breaking dormancy while increasing its viability and vigor. The research was carried out at the Agronomy Unit of Agrotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Halu Oleo University from February to October 2020. This study used a divided plot design in a completely randomized design (CRD). The main plot, namely seed scarification, consisted of 2 treatments, namely without scarification and scarification. Subplots, namely the application of bacterial endo-rhizo isolates using seed biomatriconditioning techniques, consisted of 6 treatments, namely control, L1-R, M5-R, LA6-R, LA2-E, and RJ6-R. The treatment was repeated 3 times so that there were 36 experimental units. The observed data were analyzed using analysis of variance followed by the Duncan Multiple Range Test at α = 0.05. The results showed that The scarification treatment had no effect on the dormancy of areca nut seeds, while the bacterial endo-rhizo treatment had a very significant effect on breaking dormancy and germination of areca nut seeds in all observed variables. There were 2 bacterial endo-rhizo isolates that were better able to break dormancy and increase the germination of areca nuts compared to the control and other isolates, namely isolates L1-R and LA6-R. The 2 isolates were able to reduce dormancy of areca nuts by 36% and 14%, respectively, while the increase in germination reached 136% and 104% respectively compared to the control.
Physiological responses of clove seedlings applied with different microbial consortium in the rhizosphere and phyllosphere
Authors: Rezkiana N , Musa Y , Nasaruddin  , Ridwan I , Kurniawan
Published: July 2021

Rhizhosphere and phyllosphere serve as habitat for many kinds of plant-associated mikrobial. This study aims to determine the effect of application of microbial consortium in the rhizosphere and phyllosphere of clove seedlings on the plant physiological parameters. The study was conducted as a factorial experiment with two factors based on the randomized blocked design. Application of microbial consortium of Azotobacter sp., Lactobacillus sp., Bacillus subtilis, and Trichoderma sp. in the rhizosphere was set as the first factor, consisted of four levels, namely control (0 mL), 4, 6, and 8 mL. The second factor was the application of the microbial consortium of Gliocladium sp. and Beauveria bassiana in the phyllosphere consisted of four levels, namely control (0 mL), 2, 4, and 6 mL. The physiological parameters observed included observations on the components of leaf stomata, light intensity, and leaf chlorophyll. The resuls show that the best microbial consortium treatment that gave better physiological response of the clove seedlings was 8mL/plant in the plant rhizosphere, and 6mL/plant in the plant phyllosphere. However, there were no significant difference on the effect of the application of these microbial consortiums in the rhizosphere and the phyllosphere applied simultaneously compared to controls, meaning that the treatment application was 8mL/plant or 6mL/plants. Some influence directly and indirectly from the microbial consortium both in the rhizosphere and the phyllosphere was on the physiological parameters of the light and leaf chlorophyll components, but not significant for the stomata component.