bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Age and outcome following traumatic coma: why do older patients fare worse?
Authors: Vollmer Dennis G. , Torner James C. , Jane John A. , Sadovnic Barbara , Charlebois Deborah , Eisenberg Howard M. , Foulkes Mary A. , Marmarou Anthony , Marshall Lawrence F.
Published: November 2018

✓ To better understand the relationship between patient age and clinical outcome following traumatic coma, the data for 661 patients, aged 15 years or older at the time of receiving a nonpenetrating head injury, were analyzed. All patients were prospectively followed and the information was entered into the Traumatic Coma Data Bank. This information was statistically analyzed to determine trends and interactions between patient age and other prognostic indicators. Older patients had higher rates of mortality overall; vegetative survival was seen in 4.8% to 8.0% of patients and did not exhibit a trend related to age. Injury severity, as assessed by motor score or Glasgow Coma Scale score, did not significantly differ according to age. The injury mechanism was age-related, with a greater frequency of falls and pedestrian accidents in older patients. Multiple injury was less frequent in older patients. Medical complications and systemic trauma were considered to be the primary cause of death in less than 25% of patients, with the exception of those between 45 and 55 years of age. When the data were studied in univariate fashion, no factor was identified that accounts for the adverse effect of age on head-injury outcome.

Multivariate logistic regression, performed to assess the combined effect of multiple variables on outcome, failed to eliminate patient age as an independent predictor. Based upon this analysis, it is likely that the effect of age on outcome following head injury is dependent upon an alteration in the pathophysiological response of the aging central nervous system to severe trauma and not an increased incidence of non-neurological complications or other clinical parameters.
Long-term results of gamma knife surgery for growth hormone—producing pituitary adenoma: is the disease difficult to cure?
Authors: Kobayashi Tatsuya , Mori Yoshimasa , Uchiyama Yukio , Kida Yoshihisa , Fujitani Shigeru
Published: November 2018

Object. The authors conducted a study to determine the long-term results of gamma knife surgery for residual or recurrent growth hormine (GH)—producing pituitary adenomas and to compare the results with those after treatment of other pituitary adenomas.

Methods. The series consisted of 67 patients. The mean tumor diameter was 19.2 mm and volume was 5.4 cm3. The mean maximum dose was 35.3 Gy and the mean margin dose was 18.9 Gy. The mean follow-up duration was 63.3 months (range 13–142 months).

The tumor resolution rate was 2%, the response rate 68.3%, and the control rate 100%. Growth hormone normalization (GH < 1.0 ng/ml) was found in 4.8%, nearly normal (< 2.0 ng/ml) in 11.9%, significantly decreased (< 5.0 ng/ml) in 23.8%, decreased in 21.4%, unchanged in 21.4%, and increased in 16.7%. Serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF)—1 was significantly decreased (IGF-1 < 400 ng/ml) in 40.7%, decreased in 29.6%, unchanged in 18.5%, and increased in 11.1%, which was almost parallel to the GH changes.

Conclusions. Gamma knife surgery was effective and safe for the control of tumors; however, normalization of GH and IGF-1 secretion was difficult to achieve in cases with large tumors and low-dose radiation. Gamma knife radiosurgery is thus indicated for small tumors after surgery or medication therapy when a relatively high-dose radiation is required.
Radiosurgery of vestibular schwannomas: summary of experience in 829 cases
Authors: Lunsford L. Dade , Niranjan Ajay , Flickinger John C. , Maitz Ann , Kondziolka Douglas
Published: November 2018

Object. Management options for vestibular schwannomas (VSs) have greatly expanded since the introduction of stereotactic radiosurgery. Optimal outcomes reflect long-term tumor control, preservation of cranial nerve function, and retention of quality of life. The authors review their 15-year experience.

Methods. Between 1987 and 2002, some 829 patients with VSs underwent gamma knife surgery (GKS). Dose selection, imaging, and dose planning techniques evolved between 1987 and 1992 but thereafter remained stable for 10 years. The average tumor volume was 2.5 cm3. The median margin dose to the tumor was 13 Gy (range 10–20 Gy).

No patient sustained significant perioperative morbidity. The average duration of hospital stay was less than 1 day. Unchanged hearing preservation was possible in 50 to 77% of patients (up to 90% in those with intracanalicular tumors). Facial neuropathy risks were reduced to less than 1%. Trigeminal symptoms were detected in less than 3% of patients whose tumors reached the level of the trigeminal nerve. Tumor control rates at 10 years were 97% (no additional treatment needed).

Conclusions. Superior imaging, multiple isocenter volumetric conformal dose planning, and optimal precision and dose delivery contributed to the long-term success of GKS, including in those patients in whom initial microsurgery had failed. Gamma knife surgery provides a low risk, minimally invasive treatment option for patients with newly diagnosed or residual VS. Cranial nerve preservation and quality of life maintenance are possible in long-term follow up.
Gamma knife surgery for glomus jugulare tumors: an intermediate report on efficacy and safety
Authors: Sheehan Jason , Kondziolka Douglas , Flickinger John , Lunsford L. Dade
Published: November 2018

Object. Glomus jugulare tumors are rare tumors that commonly involve the middle ear, temporal bone, and lower cranial nerves. Resection, embolization, and radiation therapy have been the mainstays of treatment. Despite these therapies, tumor control can be difficult to achieve particularly without undo risk of patient morbidity or mortality. The authors examine the safety and efficacy of gamma knife surgery (GKS) for glomus jugulare tumors.

Methods. A retrospective review was undertaken of the results obtained in eight patients who underwent GKS for recurrent, residual, or unresectable glomus jugulare tumors. The median radiosurgical dose to the tumor margin was 15 Gy (range 12–18 Gy). The median clinical follow-up period was 28 months, and the median period for radiological follow up was 32 months.

All eight patients demonstrated neurological stability or improvement. No cranial nerve palsies arose or deteriorated after GKS. In the seven patients in whom radiographic follow up was obtained, the tumor size decreased in four and remained stable in three.

Conclusions. Gamma knife surgery would seem to afford effective local tumor control and preserves neurological function in patients with glomus jugulare tumors. If long-term results with GKS are equally efficacious, the role of stereotactic radiosurgery will expand.
Doses greater than 85 Gy and two isocenters in Gamma Knife surgery for trigeminal neuralgia: updated results
Authors: Morbidini-Gaffney Stefania , Chung Chung-Taik , Alpert Tracy Erin , Newman Nancy , Hahn Seung Shin , Shah Hemangini , Mitchell Lisa , Bassano Daniel , Darbar Aneela , Bajwa Saeed Ahmed , Hodge Charles
Published: November 2018

Object

The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) in treating patients with trigeminal neuralgia (TN). Preliminary results of this study were previously reported. The updated results are reported in this paper.

Methods

Ninety seven patients with TN refractory to medical or surgical management underwent GKS between September 1998 and October 2005. Fifteen patients had multiple sclerosis (MS). The radiation dose was escalated from 70 to 99 Gy. The Barrow Neurological Institute Pain Scale (BNIPS) was used to assess pain before and after GKS.

Eighty-four patients were available for evaluation with a mean follow up of 8.9 months. The overall response and complete response rates were 70.2% and 36.9%, respectively. At 12 months, there was a greater improvement in BNIPS scores for patients who were treated with two isocenters compared with those treated with a single isocenter. The mean percentage of pain decrease was 56.26% compared with 11.53% (p < 0.001). Patients treated with two isocenters rather than one and patients receiving greater than 85 Gy compared with lower doses had a longer duration of response. Only nine patients (11%) had mild numbness attributable to the GKS. Five of the nine patients experienced complete resolution of facial numbness on follow up. Patients with MS have a shorter duration of response compared with those without MS (p = 0.35).

Conclusions

These updated results show that GKS continues to be an effective therapy for TN. It appears there is an enhanced response with doses 85 Gy or more and with two isocenters without increased complications.
Prediction of intracranial edema after radiosurgery of meningiomas
Authors: Novotný Jr. Josef , Kollová Aurelia , Liščák Roman
Published: November 2018

Object

This study was focused on the development of models with which to predict the occurrence of intracranial edema after Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) of meningiomas, based on clinical and imaging data collected in a large group of patients.

Methods

Data in 368 patients with 381 meningiomas treated using the Leksell Gamma Knife unit were analyzed. Follow up of more than 24 months was available in 331 patients (90%); this time period ranged from 24 to 120 months (median 51 months). The actuarial tumor control rate was 97.9% at 5 years. Perilesional edema after GKS was radiologically confirmed in 51 patients (15.4%) and 32 of them (9.7%) were symptomatic; symptoms were temporary in 23 (6.9%) and permanent in nine (2.7%). Ten different factors were proposed as potential predictors for the occurrence of the intracranial edema after GKS: patient's sex, patient's age, previous surgery, edema before GKS treatment, lobulated margin of meningioma, heterogeneous appearance of the tumor, tumor volume, tumor location, maximum dose to the tumor, and dose to the tumor margin. To identify factors having influence on edema occurrence, univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were performed.

There was a significant difference in the incidence of edema for different patient age groups and a significantly higher incidence of edema occurrence in patients in whom no surgical procedure was performed before GKS, those with edema present before GKS, those with a tumor volume larger than 10 cm3, those in whom the tumor was located in the anterior fossa, those in whom the maximum dose to the tumor was higher than 30 Gy, and for different tumor margin doses. A binary logistic regression multifactorial prediction model was used to identify the following significant factors to predict of edema occurrence after GKS: previous surgery, edema before the treatment, tumor volume, tumor location, and tumor margin dose.

Conclusions

Based on these models estimates of the occurrence of edema after the GKS can be made, and consequently treatment parameters can be adjusted to reduce the occurrence of edema. These results may provide grounds for additional patient care such as more frequent follow up or possibly administration of steroids.
Clinical analysis of Gamma Knife surgery for trigeminal schwannomas
Authors: Sun Shibin , Liu Ali , Wang Chongcheng , Luo Bin , Wang Meihua
Published: November 2018

Object

The authors sought to assess the clinical effect of Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) for trigeminal schwannomas.

Methods

Between December 1994 and December 2003, 69 patients with trigeminal schwannomas underwent GKS, and 58 patients were followed up and reviewed at the Beijing Neurosurgical Institute. The mean target volume was 4.6 cm3. The mean peripheral dose was 13.1 Gy, and the mean central dose was 28.3 Gy. The mean radiological follow-up period was 42.5 months.

Radiological follow-up demonstrated near-complete disappearance of the tumors in four patients (6.9%), in 34 patients (58.6%) a reduction was seen, in 16 patients (27.6%) no change was observed, and in four patients (6.9%) an enlargement was revealed. The overall tumor control rate was 93.1%. Improvement of presenting neurological symptoms was observed in 28 patients (48.3%), stabilization of presenting neurological symptoms was observed in 23 patients (39.6%), continued progression of presenting neurological symptoms was observed in seven patients (12.1%), and transient cranial nerve dysfunction was observed in six patients (10.4%). Among 13 patients with secondary trigeminal neuralgia, 10 patients had significant improvement or disappearance of trigeminal neuralgia after GKS.

Conclusions

Gamma Knife surgery provides an effective and safe primary and/or adjunct treatment for patients with small- to moderate-sized trigeminal schwannomas, with a low risk of iatrogenic cranial neuropathy and great improvement of clinical symptoms.
Management and outcome of hemorrhage after Gamma Knife surgery for arteriovenous malformations of the brain
Authors: Maruyama Keisuke , Shin Masahiro , Tago Masao , Kurita Hiroki , Kawahara Nobutaka , Morita Akio , Saito Nobuhito
Published: November 2018

Object

Appropriate management of hemorrhage after Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) for arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) of the brain is poorly understood, although a certain proportion of patients suffer from hemorrhage.

Methods

Among 500 patients observed for 1 to 183 months (median 70 months) after GKS, 32 patients (6.4%) suffered a hemorrhage. Hemorrhage developed even after angiographically documented obliteration of the AVM in five (2%) of 250 patients followed for 1 to 133 months (median 75 months) post-GKS. These patients had been treated according to their pathological condition. Treatment of these patients and their outcomes were retrospectively reviewed. As a management strategy in patients with preobliteration hemorrhage, the intracerebral hematoma and the AVM nidus were removed in four patients, and chronic encapsulated hematoma was removed in three. Among 11 patients who were conservatively treated, AVMs were ultimately obliterated in five, including three patients who underwent repeated GKS. Intracerebral hematoma from angiographically documented obliterated AVMs was radically resected in two patients, including one who also underwent aspiration of an accompanying symptomatic cyst. Intraoperative bleeding was easily controlled in these patients. Outcomes after hemorrhage, measured with the modified Rankin Scale, were significantly better in patients with postobliteration hemorrhage than in those with preobliteration hemorrhage (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Various types of hemorrhagic complications after GKS for AVMs can be properly managed based on an understanding of each pathological condition. Although a small risk of bleeding remains after angiographically demonstrated obliteration, surgery for such AVMs is safe, and the patient outcomes are more favorable. Radical resection to prevent further hemorrhage is recommended for ruptured AVMs after obliteration because such AVMs can cause repeated hemorrhages.
How soon will the patient with metastasis return for radiosurgery?
Authors: Nakaya Kotaro , Hayashi Motohiro , Izawa Masahiro , Ochiai Taku , Hori Tomokatsu , Takakura Kintomo
Published: November 2018

Object

Stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastasis has become one of the standard treatment options in recent years. Some patients must undergo repeated stereotactic radiosurgery for new lesions. The authors retrospectively reviewed their data to estimate how soon the patients undergo repeated radiosurgery for new lesions.

Methods

Between October 1999 and March 2006, 1081 patients with brain metastases underwent Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) at Tokyo Women's Medical University. One hundred and forty-nine patients in whom GKS had been performed two or more times were evaluated. There were 68 men and 81 women with a median age of 61 years (range 29–90 years). The authors analyzed data on patient age, number of treated lesions, and period between GKSs. Follow-up imaging was performed in almost all patients every 2 to 3 months after GKS.

The number of lesions treated in a single session varied from one to 35. The median interval between GKSs was 26 weeks (range 3–175 weeks) for patients with breast cancer and 23 weeks (range 4–179 weeks) for patients with non–small cell lung carcinoma.

Conclusions

It would appear that follow-up imaging studies should be obtained every 2 to 3 months after GKS to monitor patients for tumor recurrence.
Accounting Statements and Their Transformation
Authors: Koryagin M. V.
Published: November 2018

The necessity for studying the current performance of the accounting statements system, finding out its transformation trends and justifying the vectors for its further improvement are substantiated. The existing approaches to defining the trends in the development of accounting statements are investigated, and their critical analysis is made. The author’s classification of trends in the development of accounting statements are developed taking into account changes in user’s requests for the accounting information. The problems and disadvantages of the existing accounting systems (financial, managerial, and strategic) are identified and further directions and prospects for their development are highlighted. The attention is focused on further directions of the development of accounting systems, which will elevate the accounting science on a new level of quality and ensure compliance of the accounting theory with the requirements of modern accounting and management practices. The essential tendencies in the development of accounting statements, which are insufficiently explored, and the vectors for modernization of the accounting system, not well-grounded in terms of creating new types, formats and forms of accounting statements, are outlined. It is found that a general classification of trends in the development of accounting statements has not existed by now, which does not allow for creating a general picture of research issues in this area. Not only the current trends in the development of accounting statements, but their backgrounds and impact on building a general classification of trends in the development of financial statements are analyzed. It is concluded that building of a classification of trends in the development of accounting statements has an important theoretical and practical value for the further development of accounting, because it will allow for to deeper understanding of the essence of various phenomena involved in the development of accounting statements.
Detent force minimization of an improved linear permanent magnet synchronous motor
Authors: Guo Rong , Yu Haitao , Wang Yao , Chen Hao , Liu Xiaomei , Xia Tao
Published: November 2018

Permanent magnet synchronous linear motors (PMSLMs) have been widely used in industry applications due to their outstanding dynamic characteristics and improved servo-capability. However, the detent force of PMSLM is an inevitable problem, which causes vibration and affects the positional accuracy of the machine. An improved PMSLM structure with arc-teeth and inner-ladder end teeth (AIL-teeth) is proposed in this study to reduce detent force. This structure is advantageous because it not only reduces detent force but also keeps motor size constant. First, the parameters that affect detent force are confirmed using Fourier analysis method. Second, a hybrid optimization method is adopted to obtain the structural parameters of the AIL-teeth PMSLM. The hybrid optimization method is based on the flux-tube and Taguchi methods. The optimal structural parameters of the AIL-teeth PMSLM are determined using the optimization method. Finally, two PMSLMs with traditional and improved structures are contrasted by finite-element analysis (FEA) method and experimental verification, results show that the improved AIL-teeth PMSLM can reduce detent force effectively with the least sacrifice of electromagnetic performance.
Phase 1 Study of Edasalonexent (CAT-1004), an Oral NF-κB Inhibitor, in Pediatric Patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Finanger Erika , Vandenborne Krista , Finkel Richard S. , Lee Sweeney H. , Tennekoon Gihan , Yum Sabrina , Mancini Maria , Bista Pradeep , Nichols Andrew , Liu Hanlan , Fretzen Angelika , Donovan Joanne M.
Published: November 2018

Background:

Edasalonexent is an orally administered small molecule designed to inhibit NF- κB, which is activated from infancy in Duchenne muscular dystrophy and is central to causing muscle damage and preventing muscle regeneration.

Objective:

Evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and exploratory pharmacodynamics of three doses of edasalonexent in ambulatory males ≥4 to <8 years of age with genetically confirmed Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Methods:

This was a 1-week, open-label, multiple-dose study with 3 sequential ascending doses (33, 67 and 100 mg/kg/day) of edasalonexent administered under different dietary conditions to 17 males with a mean age of 5.5 years.

Results:

All doses of edasalonexent were well tolerated, with no serious adverse events, no drug discontinuations and no dose reductions. The majority of adverse events were mild, and the most common adverse events were gastrointestinal (primarily diarrhea). Edasalonexent was rapidly absorbed with peak levels observed 2–6 hours after dosing and exposures appeared to increase nearly proportionally to dose for the 2 lower and all 3 doses under low-fat and high-fat meal conditions, respectively. Only minor plasma accumulation of edasalonexent was observed with 7 days of dosing. After treatment with edasalonexent for 7 days, levels of NF- κB-regulated genes and serum proteins were decreased.

Conclusions:

This first report of edasalonexent oral administration for one week in male pediatric patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy showed that treatment was well tolerated and inhibited NF-kB pathways.
Irreguläre Beschäftigungsverhältnisse und soziale Sicherheit. Facetten der »Erosion« des Normalarbeitsverhältnisses in der Bundesrepublik
Authors: Hinrichs Karl
Published: November 2018

Irreguläre Beschäftigungsverhältnisse (Teilzeitarbeit, befristete Arbeitsverhältnisse, Leiharbeit, »unechte« und »alternative« Selbständigkeit) sind in den letzten Jahren häufiger geworden. Dies ist nur z.T. auf Maßnahmen institutioneller Flexibilisierung im Regulierungssystem der Arbeitsbeziehungen (beispielsweise auf das Beschäftigungsförderungsgesetz) zurückzuführen. Mindestens ebenso bedeutsam ist, daß das auf Kontinuität und Stabilität von (Vollzeit-) Beschäftigung zugeschnittene »Korsett« des sog. »Normalarbeitsverhältnisses« den differenzierten Bedü1fnissen und »flüssigeren« Lebensentwürfen insbesondere von Arbeitnehmerinnen immer weniger gerecht wird. Das Normalarbeitsverhältnis wird für die Majorität der männlichen Erwerbstätigen wohl noch lange Zeit handlungsleitender Bezugspunkt bleiben. Doch die in den letzten Jahren vollzogenen Einschnitte ins Netz sozialer und rechtlicher Sicherung haben all diejenigen, die von M eh1fach- bzw. Langzeitarbeitslosigkeit betroffen oder irregulär beschäftigt sind, zu einer marginalisierten »Restgröße des Arbeitsmarktes« werden lassen und der mehr schlechten als rechten Verwaltung durch den Sozialstaat überantwortet. Ein »garantiertes Mindesteinkommen « wäre vielleicht eine Alternative zum ausgrenzenden Normalarbeitsverhältnis - ebenso aber wären dies Regelungen für die Finanzierung von Arbeiten, die nicht im Beschäftigungssystem verrichtet werden, mithin Politiken, die auf erweiterte Optionen für die Individuen und auf eine Dezentrierung von Erwerbsarbeit hinauslaufen.
Religious consciousness in the context of the Ukrainian folk tradition
Authors: Novosad M.
Published: November 2018

Religion, which is a historical and cultural phenomenon of social life, has a special influence on the development of the spiritual culture of mankind. It arose and developed together with society, created in it the appropriate forms of consciousness and ideological culture. The emergence and functioning of religious views, ideas, ideas and ideals - a phenomenon of objective reality, the fact of history and culture. Becoming a status of cultural values, religion continues to affect the consciousness and behavior of people.
Primary community of modern ukrainian orthodox church as a form church of sociality
Authors: Borejko Yu.
Published: November 2018

In the article Boreyko Yuri Grigorovich «Primary community of modern ukrainian orthodox church as a form church of sociality» set significance of the religious community as a social phenomenon and the parish as a center of the institutional structure of the church in shaping religious orthodox believers, the ratio of the parish and the community as a form of religious associations, the nature of the participation of the believers in the daily life of religious communities and their integration into the social relations within the parish and the community.
In the ocean God incarnations or "circles" evolution A. Besant
Authors: Kompaniec L.
Published: November 2018

In the article Kompaniets Liliya Viktorivna In the ocean God incarnations or "circles" evolution A. Besant In Focus website is reconstructed evolutionary model the idea of reincarnation A. Besant. The epicenter of its unfolding acts topic incarnations «God Fire» from which the world «deployed» and that he «rolled» in the end times. Semantic levels of the idea of reincarnation through the prism of the embodiments disclosed spirits, gods, higher hierarchy «Sons of Fire» incarnation of the Logos
Qualitative progress of national and theological education in Bukovina of Bishop Eugene Hackman
Authors: Lucan Igor
Published: November 2018

The problem of history and the development of national theological education is one of the most urgent in our time. This is the sphere of the spiritual life of a human society that is constantly undergoing reform. Therefore, the study of the history of theological education, when it was due to the specificity of historical events in the pan-European space, in particular the territory of Bukovina in the late XIX - early XX century, require a more specific study than it was today.
Features of the heretical movements in Catholic and Orthodox traditions in the middle ages
Authors: Shuhayeva Liudmyla
Published: November 2018

The article reviews the features of heretical movements in the Catholic and Orthodox traditions (bohumylstva «pozhydovlenyh» feodosiyan, Waldensians, Cathars)
Forms of manifestation of individual religiosity and their typology in the context of Orthodoxy
Authors: Kulagina-Stadnichenko Hanna
Published: November 2018

In the article by Anna Kulagina-Stadnychenko "The forms of manifestation of individual religiosity and their typology in the context of Orthodoxy" an attempt is made to determine the constructive type of individual religiosity of an Orthodox believer through the synthesis of research works in the field of psychology of religion and religious philosophy.
Brest Union in its prehistory and achievements for Ukrainians
Authors: Ivanyshyn Vasyl
Published: November 2018

At the current segment of the life story, we are throwing more and more new problems, without which solutions can not be advanced on the way to a dysfunctional rule of law, with the attributive, integral features of which will be national prosperity and democracy, humanity and economic prosperity. Unfortunately, these problems are not diminished, and one of the reasons is that we often try to solve them from the standpoint of ignorance - not rising above desire and emotions, interest and strength
Memorial Tombs – special cultural heritage in the context of compound burials of Nguyen Dynasty aristocracy in Southern parts of Vietnam in Medieval and Post-Medieval Times  Pham Duc Manh
Authors: Pham Manh Duc , Do Chien Ngoc
Published: November 2018

This paper introduces Memorial Tombs in the context of memorial compound tomb types for the aristocrat of the Nguyen Dynasty (1802- 1945) in Southern Vietnam in The Medieval and Post-Medieval Time. This type was of rare tangible and intangible cultural heritage at the time (1.5%). These heritage assets are very valuable because they are associated with historical figures – “state founders, meritorious officials” in country expansion time “The Great South Unification (Dai Nam Nhat thong)”. In addition to the typical complex of mausoleums in Southern Vietnam (Nguyen Huu Canh, 1650-1700; Le Van Duyet, 1763-1832; Le Van Phong, Truong Tan Buu, 1752-1827 or Tran Van Hoc, Phan Tan Huynh, Huynh Van Tu, and "Sir Nhieu Loc"), the authors studied Vo Tanh mausoleum at both Hoang De (emperor) and Gia Dinh (emperor) citadels, and the mausoleum of his warmates related to the last and biggest-scaled sea fight between the Nguyen dynasty’s army and the Tay Son insurgent army on Thi Nai lagoon in 1801 (Vo Di Nguy, 1745-1801; Ngo Tung Chau; Thu Ngoc Hau, etc.). In our opinion, the presence of memorial tomb types of Vo Tanh and his warmates – historic-cultural-artistic heritage sites of national/provincial levels in Southern Vietnam relating the honoring of heroes who “wholeheartedly served the King, defended the country, saved the people” in the history of country expansion “Towards the South” in medieval and post-medieval times. They contribute to the moulding of prominent features of the comtemporary Southerners’ personality. Those historical stories of the Southern heroes are preserved and worshipped by their descendants bearing in mind the Vietnamese way of life “praising the bridge carrying one over” and pay homage to ancestors for their nation-building service.
EVALUASI PEMBERIAN MAKANAN TAMBAHAN PEMULIHAN (PMT-P) PADA BALITA KURANG GIZI DI KABUPATEN TUBAN
Authors: Sugianti Elya
Published: November 2018

Program PMT-P adalah salah satu program yang dilaksanakan pemerintah dalam penanganan masalah gizi pada balita kurang gizi khususnya pada keluarga miskin. Namuan, selama ini masih banyak kendala dalam pelaksanaannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi pelaksanaan program PMT-P berdasarkan segi input, proses dan output di Kabupaten Tuban. Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah kasie gizi dinas kesehatan, kepala puskesmas, tenaga pelaksana gizi, bidan desa, dan kader. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriftif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dai segi input, SDM dan bahan PMT-P sudah memadai, namun petunjuk pelaksanaan, sarana prasarana, dan pendanaan masih kurang, dari segi proses, penyimpanan, pengangkutan dan pemantauan masih kurang, dari segi output, ketepatan umur sudah sesuai dan ada keefektifan program dalam kenaikan berat badan. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah program PMT-P sudah efektif dalam meningkatkan berat badan balita sasaran walaupun masih terdapat kendala dalam pelaksanaan program.
PENANGGULANGAN KEKERINGAN DAN KEKURANGAN AIR BERSIH DI JAWA TIMUR *)
Authors: Husein Achmad
Published: November 2018

Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi air, sebaran batuan sebagai pengontrol keterdapatan air tersebut dan cara mengatasi krisis air bersih di wilayah Kecamatan Pucanglaban, Kabupaten Tulungagung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara garis besar batuan penyusun wilayah Kabupaten Tulungagung dapat dibagi dua. Yang pertama menempati daerah di sebelah utara yang merupakan jalur gunung api kwarter, terdiri dari batuan vulkanik hasil erupsi dari Gunung api Wilis, Gunung api Lawu dan sebagian lagi berasal dari erupsi Gunung api Kelud. Daerah yang tersusun oleh batuan vulkanik kwarter ternyata banyak mengandung air, sehingga daerah tersebut merupakan daerah yang sangat subur. Yang kedua menempati daerah di bagian selatan yang merupakan jalur Pegunungan Selatan, terdiri dari dominan batu gamping/batu kapur, breksi gunung api bawah laut dan sebagian kecil berupa lava. Di daerah yang tersusun oleh dominan batu gamping ternyata sulit didapatkan air, karena sifat fisik batu gamping di wilayah studi banyak dijumpai rekahan (diaklas). Air hujan yang jatuh ke permukaan bumi langsung meresap kedalam lapisan tanah dan hanya sebagian kecil saja yang mengalir diatas permukaan tanah. Kecamatan Pucanglaban dalam hal ini termasuk daerah yang berada di jalur Pegunungan Selatan, sehingga di daerah ini sulit didapatkan air bersih. Kekeringan dan kekurangan air bersih dapat diatasi dengan penanggulangan kekeringan dan kekurangan air bersih, yaitu dengan mengoptimalkan pemanfaatan sumber-sumber air atau dengan bantuan sumur bor bila debit pada bagian sumber-sumber air terlalu kecil.
MENINGKATKAN KAPASITAS PRODUKSI VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO) MELALUI PROSES PENGOLAHAN
Authors: Su’i Moh. , Sumaryati Enny , Maghfiroh Nailil
Published: November 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji kemungkinan metode pengeringan dalam pengolahan virgin coconut oil (VCO) karena metode ini lebih mudah dari metode pemanasan dan fermentasi. Penelitian ini mempelajari perlakuan blanching (tanpa blanching dan diblanching) dan mengatur suhu pengeringan ( 500C,600C dan 700C) selama proses. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap asam lemak bebas, peroksida, angka TBA, aroma dan warna. Kemudian dilanjutkan dengan analisis peluang produksi VCO. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa VCO yang diperoleh dengan metode ini masih memenuhi standar internasional. Jawa Timur berpotensi sebagai produsen VCO.
STRATEGI RINTISAN AGRIBISNIS INDUSTRIAL PEDESAAN (AIP) MELALUI INOVASI TEKNOLOGI DAN KELEMBAGAAN DENGAN PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT PEDESAAN DI KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Baswarsiati Baswarsiati , Purnomo Sudarmadi
Published: November 2018

Rintisan Agribisnis Industrial Pedesaan (AIP) melalui inovasi teknologi dan inovasi kelembagaan dengan pemberdayaan masyarakat pedesaan di Kabupaten Malang atau lebih dikenal dengan istilah PRIMA TANI (Program Rintisan dan Akselerasi Pemsyarakatan Inovasi Teknologi Pertanian) telah berjalan selama 18 bulan. Pada program ini yang akan diimplementasikan adalah pengembangan model Agribisnis Industrial Pedesaan dan yang akan digunakan sebagai Laboratorium Agribisnis adalah Lahan Kering Dataran Tinggi (LKDT) iklim basah yang berlokasi di desa Wonosari, Kecamatan Wonosari, Kabupaten Malang. Kegiatan Prima Tani di desa Wonosari diharapkan dapat mendukung Wisata Ritual Gunung Kawi yang lokasinya tepat di desa tersebut sehingga Rancang Bangun Laboratorium Agribisnis diarahkan pada agrowisata. Prima Tani di Kabupaten Malang dapat berjalan cukup baik karena respon masyarakat atau petani sangat tinggi, aparat pemerintah desa, kecamatan dan kabupaten sangat mendukung serta yang sangat penting adalah petugas detaser benar-benar ikhlas dalam menjalankan tugas sehingga mereka dapat membaur dan memberikan seluruh potensinya untuk kemajuan pembangunan pertanian di pedesaan
PENERAPAN KONTRAK PELAYANAN (CITIZEN’S CHARTER) UNTUK MEWUJUDKAN STANDAR PELAYANAN PRIMA DI KOTA BLITAR
Authors: Ratnawati Susi
Published: November 2018

Kondisi umum penyelenggaraan pelayanan publik di Propinsi Jawa Timur masih dihadapkan pada sistem pelayanan dari aparatur pemerintah yang belum maksimal atau pelayanan publik yang diberikan ke masyarakat masih kurang efektif dan efisien. Hal ini terlihat dari masih banyaknya keluhan dan pengaduan dari masyarakat, baik secara langsung maupun melalui media massa tentang rendahnya kualitas pelayanan publik yang diterima masyarakat. Hasil yang didapat pada penelitian ini antara lain bahwa pelaksanaan Citizen’s Charter atau CC adalah suatu cara pendekatan pelayanan publik yang terbaik di Puskesmas Bendo, dimana aspirasi atau keinginan masyarakat lebih bisa diakomodasikan di tengah-tengah perilaku feodalisme dari para birokrasi yang masih banyak memilih untuk tidak mau disentuh atau dimasuki oleh masyarakat terutama dengan kritikan-kritikan dari masyarakat. Namun dengan adanya CC ini kedudukan antara masyarakat dan birikrat menjadi sejajar, tidak ada yang dimenangkan dan yang dikalahkan. Masyarakat dianggap sebagai pusat perhatian dan bukan sebagai raja. Tetapi dengan CC ini pemda mencoba menerima kritikan dan keinginan dari masyarakat serta segala macam kebaikan atau aturan yang dikeluarkan oelh pemerintah dengan tetap harus memperhatikan kepentingan masyarakat.
PENTINGNYA PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER SEJAK DINI (PKSD) DALAM UPAYA MEMPERSIAPKAN KELUARGA BERKULITAS DI ERA GLOBALISASI
Authors: Mardiyono Mardiyono
Published: November 2018

Masa lima tahun pertama merupakan dasar kemampuan pengindraan, berpikir, berbicara, bertingkah laku sosial dan kemampuan menolong diri sendiri dan lain-lain. Oleh karena itu pada umur ini anak perlu dilatih atau diajarkan suatu kemampuan sesuai dengan umurnya. Dalam masa lima tahun pertama itulah maka para ahli menyebutnya sebagai istilah “masa emas” (golden age periode).
PENGARUH PERTUMBUHAN PENDUDUK TERHADAP KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN PENCEMARAN KALI TANDES DI WILAYAH KECAMATAN TANDES KOTA SURABAYA
Authors: Husein Ahmad
Published: November 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh pertumbuhan penduduk terhadap kesehatan masyarakat dan pencemaran K. Tandes serta adakah hubungan antara pertumbuhan penduduk yang terus meningkat terhadap kondisi air tanah di wilayah daerah penelitian. Berdasarkan cara dan taraf pembahasan masalah, penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif yaitu penelitian yang lebih mengarah pada pengungkapan suatu masalah atau keadaan sebagaimana adanya, walaupun kadang-kadang diberikan interpretasi atau analisis. Hasil penelitian difokuskan untuk memberikan gambaran keadaan yang sebenarnya dari obyek yang diteliti. Untuk itu dalam metode pengumpulan data berdasarkan wawancara dan pengamatan secara langsung di lapangan (Observasi). Adapun alternatif solusi yang tepat agar tidak terjadi pencemaran K. Tandes dan lingkungan tetap sehat, maka harus ada upaya peduli dan sadar terhadap lingkungan bersih dan sehat secara terpadu antara pihak Pemerintah melalui pengadan truk pengangkut sampah dan Depo pengolahan sampah. Pengusaha yang bergerak di industri harus mempunyai IPAL (Instalasi Pengelolaan Air Limbah) dan warga masyarakat setempat tidak boleh lagi buamg sampah sembarangan apalagi ke sungai dan sadar bahwa sebenanrnya kebersihan lingkungan adalah tanggung jawab kita bersama.
TINGKAT KEANEKARAGAMAN POLA PANGAN DI DESA RAWAN PANGAN DALAM PEMENUHAN POLA PANGAN HARAPAN
Authors: Rozi Fachrur
Published: November 2018

Pemenuhan kebutuhan pangan bagi penduduk ditunjukkan dengan terpenuhinyya kebutuhan gizi untuk mewujudkan ketahanan pangan dan kesehatan yang merupakan bagian dari ketahanan bangsa. Apakah diversifikasi atau keanekaragaman pangan tercapai atau tidak pada masyarakat khususnya di pedesaan yang berpeluang besar untuk melakukan hal itu. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Curahtatal Kecamatan Arjasa Kabupaten Situbondo, dengan pertimbangan bahwa daerah tersebut teridentifikasi sebgaai desa rawan pangan. Survey rumah tangga dilakukan selama dua bulan mulai bulan Maret-Juni 2008. Alat analisisi menggunakan perhitungan Angka Kecukupan Gizi (AKG) yang dilihat dari Angka Kecukupan Energi (AKE) dan Angka Kecukupan Protein (AKP). Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan pola konsumsi pangan pada rumah tangga pedesaan masih kurang dari yang diharapkan, sehingga kondisi diversifikasi pangan dan ketahanan pangan pada rumah tangga pedesaaan belum tercapai. Hasil skor PPH tersebut mengindentifikasikan bahwa pola konsumsi pangan pada rumh tangga belum beragam dan belum berimbang. Rendahnya skor PPH hasil analisis menggambarkan bahwa kelompok konsumsi pangan di pedesaan Jawa Timur belum beragam dan masih rendah mutu gizi dan nutrisi. Perlu sosialisasi dan penyuluhan mengenai Pedoman Umum Gizi Seimbang (PUGS) dan pendampingan serta pemberdayaan kepada masyarakat bertujuan agar lebih paham mengenai konsumsi pangan yang bergizi, beragam dan seimbang, sehingga diharapkan terdapat perubahan perilaku konsumsi pangan rumah tangga yang lebih baik.
STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI PENERTIBAN BANGUNAN LIAR DI SEPANJANG STREN KALI DALAM MENCIPTAKAN LINGKUNGAN KOTA SURABAYA YANG BERSIH DAN NYAMAN
Authors: Ganefwati Rini
Published: November 2018

Bangunan liar di sepanjang stren kali selalu menjadi problem dalam penataan kota termasuk Surabaya. Peraturan Menteri hingga Peraturan Gubernur tidak mampu mengurangi kepadatan pemukiman bangunan liar di sepanjang stren Kali Surabaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada lima aspek komunikasi yang berpengaruh trhadap sukses tidaknya penataan yang dilakukan. Perlu adanya strategi komunikasi yang terpadu dari instansi pemerinytah yang terkait dalam menangani persoalan pemukiman di stren kali kota Surabaya. Juga diharapkan konsistensi pemerintah dalam menyusun program kerja dan juga pelaksanaannya.
KONSEP PENGEMBANGAN KAWASAN SAYURAN JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Baswarsiati Baswarsiati , Purnomo Sudarmadi , Saraswati D. P.
Published: November 2018

Sayuran merupakan salah satu komoditas yang bisa diandalkan untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan petani. Pengembangan kawasan sentra produksi sayuran bisa diarahkan untuk membangun kluster agribisnis. Keberhasilan pengembangan agribisnis sayuran sangat tergantung pada beberapa hal. Di antaranya kebijakan strategis dan pendekatan konteks agribisnis yang komprehasif dan utuh,integritas dan komitmen moral yang tinggi dari unsur pembinaan lintas sektor, dan koordinasi, networking, dan sinergitas semua komponen unit kerja lintas sub sektor/sektor.
PERANAN SUMBERDAYA GENETIK DALAM MENUNJANG KETAHANAN PANGAN DAN MENGGERAKKAN PEREKONOMIAN MASYARAKAT
Authors: Winarsih Wiwik Heny
Published: November 2018

Wilayah jawa timur yang subur dapat dikembangkan sebagai kawasan produksi tanaman pangan yang bernilai ekonomi tinggi. Dengan pusat-pusat produksi yang tersebar, diperlukan pasar induk berstandar internasional agar para petani dapat menikmati keuntungan dan memiliki posisi tawar yang tinggi. Imtensifikasi budidaya sistem organik perlu dikembangkan untuk menghasilkan produk berkualitas tinggi. Keberhasilan usaha budidaya ditentukan oleh benih yang berkualitas bagus sehingga pengembangan breeding centre mutlak diperlukan agar tidak tergantung pada benih impor. Apalagi, Jawa Timur dikena sebagai wilayah yang memiliki tingkat biodiversitas tinggi, yang menjamin tingkat ketersediaan dan keanekaragaman varietas-varietas yang berpotensi sebagai bahan pangan.
POLA PEMBANGUNAN PERTANIAN DI PEDESAAN (Suatu Fenomena Sektor Industri vs Pertanian)
Authors: Rozi Fachrur
Published: November 2018

Dalam satu wilayah produksi kerap dijumpai adanya saling ketergantungan yang menimbulkam persaingan (kompetisi) memperoleh input produksi di masing-masing sektor. Peningkatan produksi oleh aktivitas ekonomi baik di sektor pertanian maupun industr haru dilakukan dengan cara-cara berkelanjutan yang tidak mengurangi dan merusak kesuburan tanah, tidak meningkatkan erosi, dan meminimalkan ketergantunagn pada sumberdaya alam yang tidak terbarukan.
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MISKIN BERBASIS LINGKUNGAN DI KOTA MOJOKERTO
Authors: Rinawati Herrukmi Septa
Published: November 2018

Dalam perekonomian yang serba sulit seperti sekarang ini pemerintah daerah dipaksa untuk segera memacu diri agar berfikir kreatif, inovatif, dan cepat. Jika tidak, maka bayang-bayang permasalahan sosial yang akut akan selalu menghantui seperti kemiskinan dan pengangguran. Salah stu cara untuk mengatasinya, pemerintah daerah harus segera berbenah diri menjadi motivator dan fasilitator untuk menyadarkan dan memperdayakan warga msikin dalam lingkup kecil, guna mengenali lingkungan terkecil di dekatnya dan memamnfaatkannya sesuai potensi daerah masing-masing. Juga membangun kesadaran masyarakat miskin dengan konsep pemberdayaan dengan menggali dimensi-dimensi pendukung dan pendorong pemberdayaan yakni dimensi konsep, proses, tjuan, dan indikator.
PEMANFAATAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN BIOGAS SEBAGAI SALAH SATU ALTERNATIF SUMBER ENERGI LISTRIK PEDESAAN RAMAH LINGKUNGAN (Studi Kasus di Wilayah Kecamatan Bandar Kabupaten Pacitan)
Authors: Husein Achmad
Published: November 2018

Biogas merupakan salah satu alternatif energi terbarukan, berbahan baku dari kotoran sapi dan dapat dikembangkan di berbagai daerah pedesaan di seluruh Indonesia, termasuk Jawa Timur. Kotoran sapi bila dicampur dengan mikroba (bakteri pengurai) seperti methanococcus, methanosarcina, dan methano bacterium akan menghasilkan gas methan, yang disebut energi biogas. Energi biogas selain bisa dimanfaatkan untuk memasak dan penerangan listrik pedesaan skala rumah tangga, limbahnya (padat dan cait) bisa menghasilkan pupuk yang kualitasnya menyerupai kualitas pupuk urea. Pupuk tersebut sangat bagus untuk menyuburkan tanah dan meningkatkanproduktivitas hasil pertanian. Pemanfaatan energi biogas untuk listrik pedesaan tidak menimbulkan pencemaran lingkungan sehingga bisa disebut sebagai salah satu energi alternatif yang ramah lingkungan. Salah satu contoh lokasi pengembangan energi biogas untuk listrik pedesaan adalah Kecamatan Bandar Kabupaten Pacitan.
PENGELOLAAN PLASMA NUTFAH PERIKANAN DI JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Winarsih Wiwik Heny
Published: November 2018

Kekayaan plasma nutfah perikanan yang tersebat di laut, pantai, tambak, kolam, danau, waduk, sungai dan perairan umum sangat beragam. Berbagai organisme tersebut jika dibudidayakan akan menjadi sumber ekonomi baru dan membuka lapangan kerja. Berkembangnya hatchery skala rumah tangga ikan hias terbukti mampu menggairahkan perekonomian desa. Penelitian pengelolaan plasma nutfah perikanan ini dimaksudkan untuk mengkaji jenis-jenis ikan dan udang yang potensial serta fauna endemik dan pola-pola pengelolaan dan budidaya yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat terutama di wilayah tiga kabupaten, yaitu : Sumenep, Kediri, dan Trenggalek. Dari kajian empiris banyak ditemukan spesies endemik yang potensial untuk dikembangkan menjadi unggulan daerah. Potensi perikanan tangkap dan budidaya di Kabupaten Sumenep  dan Trenggalek masih terbuka lebar untuk dikembangkan. Budidaya ikan karang dan lobster perlu diimbangi dengan sistem perbenihan yang handal dan berkesinambungan. Budidaya rumput laut perlu didukung dengan sitem pemasaran. Ikan karang dan lobster diperdagangkan sebagian besar masih berasal dari tangkapan di alam. Budidaya kerapu dan lobster yang dilakukan di kepulauan juga masih mengandalkan benih dari alam dan sebagian keil saja yang menggunakan benih dari hatchery. Pola pengelolaan plasma nutfah perikanan bersifat spesies spesifik. Teknologi perbenihan ikan karang dan lobster belum banyak dikuasai masyarakat. Kesimpulannya adalah sumenep dan wilayah kepulauannya adalah gudang aneka ikan karang, lobster, rumput laut dan teri nasi. Trenggalek merupakan penghasil aneka ikan pelagis seperti tongkol, tuna, cakalang, tengiri dan teri galer. Kediri adalah gudang ikan hias terutama cupang dn koi serta benih aneka ikan air tawar. Potensi perikanan tangkap dan budidaya di kabupaten Sumenep dan Trenggalek masih terbuka lebar untuk dikembangkan.
PENINGKATAN EKSISTENSI UNIT PELAKSANA TEKNIS PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN PAMEKASAN (STUDI KASUS PELAYANAN KTP, KARTU KELUARGA DAN AKTE KELAHIRAN)
Authors: Ashari Budi
Published: November 2018

Tujuan kajian ini untuk memetakan posisi dan eksistensi Unit Pelayanan Teknis (UPT) Pemerintah Kabupaten Pamekasan yang menangani pelayanan pengurusan KTP/KK dan Akte kelahiran serta pelaksanaan prinsip-prinsip Goog Governance (Akuntabilitas dan Transparansi) di UPT tersebut. Dengan menggunakan alat analisis statistik deskriptif kualitatif dan indeks kepuasan masyarakat, hasil kajian menyebutkan bahwa secara kelembagaan eksistensi UPT Kabupaten Pamekasan memiliki beberapa kelemahan, yaitu : (1) tidak memiliki kewenangan menerbitkan perizinan; (2) tidak memiliki nomenklatur sebagaimana SKPD lainnya; (3) tidak memiliki anggaran; (4) tidak tersedia jenjang karier yang jelas bagi PNS yang bekerja di UPT yang bersangkutan; (5) keberadaan UPT justru memperpanjang birokrasi yang ada; (6) UPT kabupaten Pamekasan memiliki keterbatasan pada sisi SDM, saran dan prasarana inti dan penunjang; dan (7) eksistensi UPT belum mengacu pada PP Nomor 41 Tahun 2007 tentang Organisasi Perangkat Desa.
STRATEGI PRAKTIS MEMPERCEPAT REVITALISASI KOPERASI
Authors: Iswattiningsih Daroe
Published: November 2018

Rendanya kinerja koperasi disebabkan beberapa permasalahan, diantaranya rendahnya partisipasi anggota, simpanan anggota, dan tingkat profitabilitas koperasi. Juga relatif rendanya efisiensi usaha, citra koperasi yang kurang baik di mata masyarakat, serta kurang optimanya koperasi mewujudkan skala usaha yang ekonomis. Untuk meningkatkan kinerja koperasi perlu dilakukan revitalisasi koperasi melalui tiga strategi, yakni meningkatkan kualitas anggota, pengurus, dan pengelola; serta meningkatkan permodalan volume usaha.