bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Imagens que fazem pensar: a seriedade e o grotesco na narrativa da Paraíso do Tuiuti e na transmissão da Rede Globo no carnaval carioca de 2018
Authors: Buzalaf Marcia Neme , Bella Allison Guilherme Gonçalves
Published: October 2020

Este artigo tem como objeto de análise o desfile de carnaval carioca da escola de samba do bairro de São Cristóvão/RJ, Paraíso do Tuiuti, em 2018 e a narrativa televisiva transmitida pela Rede Globo. A partir do enredo escolhido “Meu Deus, Meu Deus, Está Extinta a Escravidão?” a escola propôs uma reflexão a respeito da exploração do trabalho ao longo da história e, por meio da metodologia do paradigma indiciário de Carlo Ginzburg, propomos analisar a narrativa da escola e a narrativa televisiva, bem como documentos externos à fonte como o enredo, o samba-enredo e entrevistas do carnavalesco Jack Vasconcelos.
O uso de fotografias como potencialização da prática nos estudos organizacionais: uma análise à luz de Bourdieu
Authors: Santos João Gabriel Dias dos , Souza Rafael Borim-de- , Cestari Camilla Atibaia
Published: October 2020

Este ensaio teórico teve como objetivo geral compreender de que modo o uso de fotografias pode potencializar a prática, de acordo com a sociologia bourdieusiana, nos estudos organizacionais. As ideias e questões foram debatidas de maneira teórica, com o intuito de gerar reflexões em relação ao tema fotografia nos estudos organizacionais. A fotografia exerce uma função importante na sociedade, uma vez que captura momentos em determinados contextos por meio de seu aspecto visual. A sociologia bourdieusiana foi utilizada como apoio teórico neste ensaio. Foram discutidos os elementos que constituem a fotografia – sendo eles objetivos e subjetivos, em concordância com a história de acordo com Bourdieu – e ainda, devido a sua forte potência comunicativa, a fotografia como um discurso transmitido pela linguagem. Para alcançar o desenvolvimento das proposições, estabeleceu-se uma relação entre a fotografia e conceito de prática de Bourdieu. Tendo por base antecedente, foi discutido como a prática pode ser potencializada pela fotografia nos estudos organizacionais. Levando em consideração esses aspectos, inferiu-se que a fotografia pode ser considerada a representação objetiva da prática consolidada.
Integração nacional por antenas de tv e a transmissão do Jornal Nacional para Cuiabá-MT (1976)
Authors: Sotana Edvaldo Correa
Published: October 2020

Na década de 1960, os irmãos Eduardo, Nagib e Ueze Elias Zahran instalaram as três primeiras emissoras televisivas do estado de Mato Grosso. Em 1965, a TV Morena foi inaugurada em Campo Grande. Dois anos depois, a TV Centro América começou a funcionar, em fase experimental, em Cuiabá. Em fevereiro de 1969, a emissora cuiabana foi inaugurada. Na sequência, começou a funcionar a TV Cidade Branca, em Corumbá. Na década de 1970, diversas transformações ocorreram no meio televisivo cuiabano. Pontualmente, este artigo apresenta dados sobre a história da TV Centro América e seu processo de afiliação à Rede Globo para, assim, abordar a inserção do Jornal Nacional, em 1976, na grade de programação da emissora. De modo geral, discute-se o processo de integração nacional por meio de imagens televisivas durante a ditadura militar brasileira.
Representação do árabe: análise do filme “Aladdin” sob a ótica do orientalismo
Authors: Souza Paula Tainar de
Published: October 2020

Este artigo tem por objetivo central tratar e refletir historicamente o filme Aladdin (2019), a fim de diagnosticar de que modo o orientalismo e o discurso feminista estão presentes em sua narrativa. A Walt Disney Pictures, muito popular na atualidade, possui inúmeras obras que, além de serem sucesso de bilheteria, contribuem com normatização de gênero, identidade e papéis sociais. Desse modo, propagam ideologias e absorvem discursos em voga no seu contexto com o interesse mercadológico, influenciando inclusive o público infanto-juvenil. Aladdin legitima relações de poder e, apesar de suas limitações, permite-nos analisar a representação exótica do Oriente Médio, bem como a luta da Princesa Jasmine em ser ouvida, problemática de uma personagem ocidentalizada. Assim, é o intento do presente artigo estabelecer a hipótese de que Aladdin, apesar de apresentar-se libertador, reforça estereótipos étnicos do árabe, representação e padronização da mulher oriental.
A crítica de televisão no Folhetim (FSP 1977-1989): pensando a TV e o telespectador na redemocratização
Authors: Freitas Raíssa Haydê Koshiyama de
Published: October 2020

Este artigo apresenta análises da crítica televisiva do suplemento Folhetim, publicado na Folha de S. Paulo entre 1977 e 1989. As discussões e os temas mais recorrentes foram detectados por meio de um levantamento de toda a crítica publicada no caderno, e um conjunto de artigos e imagens foi selecionado como representativos destes debates centrais. O material foi articulado tendo em vista a perspectiva e a trajetória acadêmica e profissional dos diversos autores analisados, possibilitando um mapeamento histórico deste ambiente de debates. A análise das disputas e dos consensos construídos na crítica é entendida como um caminho para trazer à tona a noção que tinham sobre o papel da comunicação de massa naquele processo democrático, com foco no estatuto do telespectador/cidadão, sendo este o objetivo da investigação. A conclusão é que a crítica da TV desemboca em diferentes diagnósticos sobre a condição do espectador diante do aparelho e sobre as implicações de uma sociedade permeada por imagens. Embora o Folhetim não atinja um consenso em torno da questão, a análise deixa claro como este é um debate crucial, tanto na época como hoje, na medida em que está diretamente ligado à discussão sobre o lugar do cidadão em um país que se redemocratiza.
Névoa: depois da palavra e da imagem
Authors: Cordeiro Marta Maria Lopes
Published: October 2020

O artigo discute a relação entre palavra e imagem, partindo da ideia de écfrase. Analisa a hipótese de equivalência entre descrição e objecto e defende a existência de uma possibilidade de entendimento, intuitiva, que se encontra para lá da descrição e, também, da superfície da imagem. Designa esta zona de conhecimento intuitivo de “nebulosa” e defende que ela se materializa numa imagem indefinida. Para tanto, recorre à distinção realizada por W.J.T. Mitchell, entre image e picture, para acrescentar uma terceira dimensão a esta estrutura – a da névoa. O que existe para lá ou no fundo da imagem é a névoa, noção que define a própria imagem.
Regina Silveira e a mídia impressa: a série Middle Class & Co., 1971-72
Authors: Ribeiro Daniela Maura
Published: October 2020

A série Middle Class & Co., de Regina Silveira, é composta por um álbum de 15 serigrafias, realizado em 1971, e por serigrafias avulsas, feitas no ano seguinte, ambos no Recinto Universitário de Mayagüez, da Universidade de Porto Rico, onde a artista lecionou de 1969 a 1973. Nas serigrafias dessa série, Silveira faz uso da mesma imagem fotográfica de uma multidão proveniente da mídia impressa, que na época veiculava com frequência tanto imagens de multidões em protestos quanto da Guerra do Vietnã. Neste artigo pretende-se discutir o papel que a mídia impressa tem nessa série de Regina Silveira como fonte da imagem fotográfica, tornada elemento conceitual da obra no contexto da arte conceitual, e repertório para a reflexão sobre questões sociais e políticas.
Propaganda e sociedade: o caso das Diretas Já! e a campanha eleitoral de Tancredo Neves
Authors: Castro Netto David A.
Published: October 2020

Em sua maioria, os estudos sobre a propaganda têm como enfoque a influência que o campo publicitário tem sobre a sociedade na qual é projetado. A proposta de texto será demonstrar como esta interferência não é unidirecional, ou seja, propaganda e sociedade influenciam-se mutuamente. Para cumprir tal objetivo, analisaremos de que maneira dois momentos significativos da história do Brasil intercruzaram-se com o discurso publicitário. Primeiro, o movimento das Diretas Já!, organizado por um pool de agências. Segundo, a campanha eleitoral à presidência de Tancredo Neves que, entre outros elementos, abriu caminho para retomada do marketing político (inviável desde a reforma eleitoral de 1977).
Evaluation of earthquake response of low-rise structures using design codes and local specifications
Authors: Hutchinson G. L. , Navidi A.
Published: October 2020

Most earthquake engineering research projects are concerned with the analysis and design of high-rise buildings. Comparisons of actual earthquake forces with pseudo-static design forces recommended by various building codes indicate that in actual earthquakes the forces in low-rise buildings can be up to three to five times the pseudo-static design forces. This paper is concerned with evaluating and comparing the earthquake response of low-rise buildings calculated using local response spectra and real time-histories with various Building Code Recommendations. It is shown that Building Code Recommendations underestimate the structural response.
Teacher Beliefs About Sustainable Agriculture: A Self-made Measurement Scale
Authors: Muma Mathew , Martin Robert , Shelley Mack
Published: October 2020

The study’s purpose was to analyze the validity of the construct of a self-made Alternative-Conventional Agricultural Paradigm scale using the teacher population teaching high school agriculture in the North Central Region of the USA. A random sample of 844 teachers was drawn. Teachers were self-administered questionnaires with 5-point Likert-type scales. Instrument inter-item consistency and item coherence were determined. The relatively high coefficient alpha (.82), mean item total correlation (.40), and unrotated first factors with modest number of items loading on the factor means that the scale has mainly one underlying construct. The teacher population holds consistent views and attitudes about SA constituting an agricultural paradigm. The instrument items are coherent as components of a whole and are related. However, the teacher population did not hold stronger paradigmatic views on the scale as can be expected because of their relatively low mean score item-total correlation and coefficient alpha for the instrument compared to what was found for the scale in the Beus and Dunlap (1991) study. This should be expected because agriculture teachers are not strong adherents of the two agricultural paradigms who can be expected to make extreme and polar scores on the scale. The instrument can therefore be used to preliminarily gauge the paradigmatic orientation of agriculture teachers in the region. Further research with the instrument with known groups supporting the two paradigms is necessary to establish its validity.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Asian Social Science, Vol. 16, No. 11
Authors: Zhang Jenny
Published: October 2020

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Asian Social Science, Vol. 16, No. 11, 2020
The Trend of Crimes Committed by Lao Immigrants in Thailand After the Inauguration of ASEAN Community
Authors: Trimek Jomdet
Published: October 2020

This research is directly relevant to the ASEAN Political - Security Community (APSC). One of the fundamental visions is particularly associated with combatting transnational crime and international challenges effectively in a timely manner. This study has three objectives as follows; (1) to explore causes and current situation of crime resulting from cross-border migration from Laos to Thailand due to the establishment of ASEAN community, (2) to deeply analyse immigration and crime trends across Thai-Lao borders, and (3) to propose approaches to preventing the immigration from Laos to Thailand for criminal purposes. In-depth interviews were conducted to gather crucial information from key informants, followed by two focus group discussions. However, the trend of crimes committed by Lao immigrants in Thailand after the inauguration of ASEAN community is inconsistent with the hypothesis and public fear of general people who believed that checkpoints for border trade for commodity flows and labour transfers would worsen the issues of drugs and illegal immigration. Research findings indicate that drug-related crime and illegal immigration issues tend to decrease because the opening of ASEAN community allows the Thai and Lao governments to strengthen their international relations. It can be stated that warm diplomatic relations between countries are the main factor contributing to successful prevention for transnational crime.
Exploration of Influencing Factors on Mechanism of Chinese Users' Continuous Trust in Transactional Virtual Community
Authors: Huang Yue
Published: October 2020

This paper studies the formation path of user trust in transactional virtual community, explores the relationship between website perception, merchant reputation and user's personal trust tendency and user's initial trust, and introduces the characteristics of internet word of mouth and sense of virtual community into the analysis framework from initial trust to continuous trust. This research used a quantitative design by developing questionnaires to collect data through the snowball sampling approach from 390 Chinese users of the well-known transactional virtual communities as research population, such as JD community, Dianping community, Tmall community, Xiaomi Forum, Dangdang - online reading community, etc. The results show that users' website perception, merchant reputation and personal trust tendency these three factors have significant positive effects on the formation of initial trust of users. And merchant reputation played the most important role in influencing initial trust of users than any two factors, followed by user's trust tendency and website perception. Besides, initial trust of users was shown to has a significant positive effect on continuous trust of users in transactional virtual community. Furthermore, the characteristics of internet word of mouth was found have significant mediation effect on initial trust and continuous trust of users. More specifically, 41.7% of the influence of the initial trust on the continuous trust was due to the internet word-of-mouth. The findings of this study provide transactional virtual community marketers and managers’ valuable insights into developing effective marketing strategies to improve their community’s service.
The Correlation of Tonal Shifts and Dialect Use with Socioeconomic Class in Dalian, China
Authors: Pang Linda
Published: October 2020

Drawing on Professor William Labov’s seminal 1962 experiment, this paper examines tonal variation amongst employees of department stores targeting three different socioeconomic classes in Dalian, China. The experiment recorded pronunciations of the tone of yī (the word “first” in the phrase “first floor” 一楼), which is pronounced in first tone in standard Mandarin and shifted to the third tone in Dalian dialect. In this experiment, it was hypothesized that for the four department stores studied, an employee’s tone in pronunciation of first tone words would shift towards the third tone the most in the store catering to lower socioeconomic classes and shift the least in the store catering to higher socioeconomic classes. From analyzing the data collected, the non-first tone pronunciations were the most frequent in the lowest ranking store and less frequent in the higher ranking store. Therefore, the salespersons’ tonal shift in pronunciation is shown to correlate with the socioeconomic class of the customers being targeted.
Determinants of Modern Contraceptive Use among Young Married Women (Age 15-24) in Indonesia
Authors: Kistiana Sari , Gayatri Maria , Sari Diah Puspita
Published: October 2020

Younger maternal age increases maternal and neonatal risks, while the use of contraceptives among young married women is noticeably lower compared to older women. Contraceptive use can reduce the risk of reproductive health problems among young women. This study aimed to assess the determinants of modern contraceptive use among young married women aged 15-24 in Indonesia. The study utilized data of the 2019 Indonesian Population, Family Planning and Family Development Program Performance and Accountability Survey. The analysis was restricted to 3,927 young married women who were not pregnant during the survey, as they were likely to report either doing something or not postponing or delaying pregnancy. Logistic regression analyses were performed to predict factors influencing modern contraceptive use among young married women. Findings indicate that all demographic factors (age, residence, and region) and education were associated with modern contraceptive use. The number of living children and desire to have children revealed significant variability in modern contraceptive use among young married women. Other important factors in explaining contraceptive use were family planning program exposure factors such as knowledge of the contraceptive method and discussed family planning with health worker. The study underlines the importance of intervention programs aimed at increasing modern contraceptive information targeting adolescents who are older, residen in urban area, live in islands other than Java-Bali, have higher education; and encouraging provider-clients’ family planning interpersonal communication.
Religiosity and Risky Sexual Behavior Among Adolescents in Sarawak, Malaysia
Authors: Panting Albeny Joslyn , Sui Mien Teresa Yong
Published: October 2020

INTRODUCTION: Risky sexual behavior is defined as a behavior that increases one’s risk of contracting or being infected by sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and experiencing unintended pregnancies. This study examined the relationship between religiosity and risky sexual behavior among adolescents in the state of Sarawak, Malaysia.

METHODS: The inclusion criteria included 1,146 unmarried adolescents aged between 16 and 19 years, whereby they answered a validated self-administered questionnaire using the modified Religion Scale and Risky Sexual Behavior – Unsafe Sex Scale. The analysis was restricted to respondents who reported to have had sex.

RESULTS: Overall, the response rate recorded 95% (n=1,086), whereby the prevalence of respondents who reported that they have had sex was 9.5%, n=103 (71 males, 32 females, mean age 17.82).  Descriptive results further showed that the prevalence of those who have had sex for male and female were 6.53% and 2.94%, respectively. The earliest sexual debut was revealed to be at 13 years of age. Moreover, bivariate analyses indicated a significant and negative correlation between religious practice and risky sexual behavior (r= -.23; p<.05).

CONCLUSION: The study revealed that religious adolescents are more likely to avoid risky sexual behavior. This means that religious practice may become a potential protective factor in influencing adolescents to avoid risky sexual behaviors.
National Health Insurance Deficit in Indonesia: Identification of Causes and Solutions for Resolution
Authors: Nugraheni Wahyu P. , Zahroh Asri Hikmatuz , Hartono Risky Kusuma , Nugraha Ryan Rachmad , Chun Chang Bae
Published: October 2020

INTRODUCTION: Since it was implemented in 2014, National Health Insurance Program (JKN) in Indonesia experienced a financial deficit. JKN recorded a deficit of 9.7 trillion, 9.75 trillion and 10.98 trillion rupiah from 2016-2018, respectively. The deficit is estimated to still continue in the upcoming years. Systemic solutions are needed to bring JKN improvement in the future.

METHODS: Data was collected from June to December 2019 by in-depth interviews with selected informants and literature review, which later was analyzed by content and with data triangulation.

RESULT: The results of in-depth interviews and a review of some of the literature shows that there are four main factors that causes JKN deficit, which are capitation payment system to provider, the alleged fraud, lag of backed-referral system, and catastrophic disease.

CONCLUSION: This study provides a solution to the handling of JKN deficits in the short and long term in accordance with problems in terms of funding and JKN expenditure. The solution can be an alternative policy that can be implemented by the Government of Indonesia to deal with the JKN deficit.
A Comparative Phonological Study of Elision in Standard British English and Central Kurdish
Authors: Abdullah Khalid Ali
Published: October 2020

This study investigates speech sound omission by native speakers of Standard British English and Central Kurdish. It aims to explore how a sound or sounds can be dropped in a spoken language to simplify it. The study compares English and Kurdish to determine similar and dissimilar features related to the elision of sounds. Additionally, the study attempts to ascertain the reasons for omitting of a sound or sounds in each language.
The Bedaquiline Donation Program: progress and lessons learned after 4 years of implementation
Authors: Rutta E. , Kambili C. , Mukadi Y.
Published: October 2020

The Bedaquiline Donation Program was a global public-private partnership between the US Agency for International Development (USAID) and Janssen Therapeutics. The 4-year program was intended to accelerate access to bedaquiline (BDQ) by committing 30 000 treatment courses to more
than eligible 100 countries. The program was designed to remove barriers by making the drug available through the Global Drug Facility (GDF); prepare TB programs to a changing drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) treatment landscape; improve quality of the entire DR-TB care paradigm; gather additional
effectiveness and safety data in programmatic settings; and identify programmatic challenges associated with new TB drug introduction. By the end of the program (in April 2019), 80 countries had ordered 104 344 BDQ courses, of which 33 119 had been delivered (the rest were pending
delivery). The introduction of new TB drugs offers hope to patients and an opportunity to transform DR-TB treatment with shorter, simpler and more tolerable regimens. The Bedaquiline Donation Program demonstrated that access to new drugs can be accelerated. Technical support to improve the
overall quality of care is critical as are investments beyond the cost of the drug.
Introducing new and repurposed TB drugs: the endTB experience
Authors: Seung K. J. , Khan U. , Varaine F. , Ahmed S. , Bastard M. , Cloez S. , Damtew D. , Franke M. F. , Herboczek K. , Huerga H. , Islam S. , Karakozian H. , Khachatryan N. , Kliesckova J. , Khan A. J. , Khan M. , Khan P. , Kotrikadze T. , Lachenal N. , Lecca L. , Lenggogeni P. , Maretbayeva S. , Melikyan N. , Mesic A. , Mitnick C. D. , Mofolo M. , Perrin C. , Richard M. , Tassew Y. M. , Telnov A. , Vilbrun S. C. , Wanjala S. , Rich M. L. , Hewison C.
Published: October 2020

In 2015, the initiative Expand New Drug Markets for TB (endTB) began, with the objective of reducing barriers to access to the new and repurposed TB drugs. Here we describe the major implementation challenges encountered in 17 endTB countries. We provide insights on how national TB
programmes and other stakeholders can scale-up the programmatic use of new and repurposed TB drugs, while building scientific evidence about their safety and efficacy. For any new drug or diagnostic, multiple market barriers can slow the pace of scale-up. During 2015–2019, endTB was
successful in increasing the number of patients receiving new and repurposed TB drugs in 17 countries. The endTB experience has many lessons, which are relevant to country level introduction of new TB drugs, as well as non-TB drugs and diagnostics. For example: the importation of TB drugs
is possible even in the absence of registration; emphasis on good clinical monitoring is more important than pharmacovigilance reporting; national guidelines and expert committees can both facilitate and hinder innovative practice; clinicians use new and repurposed TB drugs when they are available;
data collection to generate scientific evidence requires financial and human resources; pilot projects can drive national scale-up.
Implementing novel regimens for drug-resistant TB in South Africa: what can the world learn?
Authors: Ndjeka N. , Hughes J. , Reuter A. , Conradie F. , Enwerem M. , Ferreira H. , Ismail N. , Kock Y. , Master I. , Meintjes G. , Padanilam X. , Romero R. , Schaaf H. S. , Riele J. te , Maartens G.
Published: October 2020

Worldwide uptake of new drugs in the treatment of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) has been extremely low. In June 2018, ahead of the release of the updated WHO guidelines for the management of RR-TB, South Africa announced that bedaquiline (BDQ) would be provided to virtually
all RR-TB patients on shorter or longer regimens. South Africa has been the global leader in accessing BDQ for patients with RR-TB, who now represent 60% of the global BDQ cohort. The use of BDQ within a shorter modified regimen has generated the programmatic data underpinning the most recent
change in WHO guidelines endorsing a shorter, injectable-free regimen. Progressive policies on access to new drugs have resulted in improved favourable outcomes and a reduction in mortality among RR-TB patients in South Africa. This supported global policy change. The strategies underpinning
these bold actions include close collaboration between the South African National TB Programme and partners, introduction of new TB diagnostic tools in closely monitored conditions and the use of locally generated programmatic evidence to inform country policy changes. In this paper, we summarise
a decade´s work that led to the bold decision to use a modified, short, injectable-free regimen with BDQ and linezolid under carefully monitored programmatic conditions.
The Effect of Low-Dose Atorvastatin on Inflammatory Factors in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Soltani Farhad , Nassajian Nozar , Tabatabaee Kamalodin , Javaherforooshzadeh Fatemeh , Kiani Arash , Zarezadehabarghouei Hamid
Published: October 2020

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Each year near 1.5 million Americans experience a TBI. Of which about 235,000 are hospitalized. Also, TBI claims 50 000 American lives each year. TBI causes mechanical damage to the blood-brain barrier and white blood cells (WBCs) entry to the brain. Objectives: The current study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of low-dose Atorvastatin on inflammatory factors in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods: This double-blind, randomized clinical trial study was conducted in the ICU ward of Golestan Hospital in the city of Ahvaz (Iran) from April 2019-May 2020. Sixty patients with moderate to severe TBI were studied. Patients were randomly assigned into two groups of Atorvastatin and control. The main outcomes included the amount of CRP and ESR as well as white blood cells in the first 14 days of hospitalization. Glasgow Coma Score, the length of ICU stay, and the duration of mechanical ventilation were secondary outcomes. Results: The amount of CRP in the Atorvastatin group on the 14th day of hospitalization was significantly lower than those in the control group (31.99 ± 8.38 vs 59.65 ± 10.43) (P < 0.0001). On the same day, the Atorvastatin group had lower levels of ESR than the control group (14.28 ± 4.18 vs 25.57 ± 5.18) (P < 0.0001). The Atorvastatin group had significantly lower levels of white blood cells than the control group (5247.53 ± 751.93 vs 7143.94 ± 907.64, P < 0.0001). Glasgow Coma Score at the time of discharge from the ICU in the Atorvastatin group was more than control (14.06 ± 1.45 and 11.85 ± 0.75, respectively) (P < 0.05). A significant difference was found concerning the ICU stay between the two groups (P = 0.03). Conclusions: This study demonstrated that Atorvastatin could reduce the rate of inflammatory factors in TBI patients. The inflammatory condition of TBI patients heavily determines their prognosis. Inflammation leads to several reactions as well as interactions between different cells and chemical mediators. The Atorvastatin could reduce the rate of inflammatory factors and improved GCS in TBI patients.
A survey on the Frequency of Sarcocystis in Bandar Abbas, Iran in 2019 - 2020
Authors: Sheikhi Masoud , Salahi-Moghaddam Abdoreza , Najafi Asl Majid , Farahani Abbas , Shamseddin Jebreil
Published: October 2020

Background: The zoonotic Sarcocystis parasite has an obligatory two-host life cycle that mainly involves herbivorous animals as intermediate hosts and carnivorous animals as definitive hosts. Objectives: Lack of reliable study and published data bout frequency of Sarcocystis in livestock of Hormozgan Province and consumed meat led us to investigate in abattoirs and slaughterhouses of Bandar Abbas, Iran, in 2019 - 2020. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 400 meat samples of three types of animals (cow, sheep, goat) belonging to Hormozgan, Fars, and Kerman provinces were studied from September 2019 to January 2020 using naked eye examination for detection of macroscopic Sarcocystis cysts and pepsin digestion method accompanied by squeezing methods performed to examine striated muscles for microscopic cyst types. Isolated tissues of the esophagus, heart, and diaphragm of 400 slaughtered animals were examined for Sarcocystis. Results: The carcasses of all the animals were investigated to detect Sarcocystis macroscopic cysts, all of which were negative. However, microscopic examination of isolated tissues by pepsin digestion showed a total frequency of 92.25% in these animals. Analysis revealed that cows bred in Hormozgan and goats imported from Kerman are significantly infected and play an important role in the distribution of disease (P < 0.05). Conclusions: These results and obtained data indicated that a large volume of imported meats to Hormozgan is contaminated with this parasite, and more control should be applied over slaughtered livestock. Also, the people of the community who consume these meats should be given proper and complete training.
Prevalence and Correlation of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux in Females with Vitamin D Deficiency in a Multi-Specialty Polyclinic in New Delhi, India
Authors: Saini Sachin , Pandey Rahul , Singh Navdeep , Pandey Surendra Kumar , Khan Inam Danish
Published: October 2020

Background: Laryngopharyngeal Reflux (LPR) is a condition in which gastric content reflux into the larynx and pharynx. It is one of the extraesophageal manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), involving the laryngeal regio. The laryngopharyngeal epithelium is more susceptible to reflux-related tissue injury than the esophageal epithelium. Objectives: This study aimed to test the hypothesis of whether severe vitamin D deficiency results in increased Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) symptoms in Indian females. The objective was to find out the prevalence of LPR in the severe vitamin D deficient Indian female population. Methods: A descriptive observational study was done at a multispecialty polyclinic in New Delhi, India, over a period of one year. Based on a pilot study, a sample size of 185 individuals was taken. All females referring to the general outpatient department (OPD) with vitamin D levels below 20 ng/ml were included. The frequency of LPR symptoms in the study participants was assessed using the reflux symptom index (RSI) and reflux finding score (RFS) given for all symptomatic patients using a validated scoring system. The data were analyzed descriptively with Microsoft Excel and SPSS version 21 using appropriate tests. Results: In this study, 92% of the subjects aged more than 25 years, and the mean vitamin D level was 9.87 (± 3.425) ng/ml. Moreover, 74% of study participants had severe vitamin D deficiency (≤ 10 ng/ml). The mean RSI for our study participants was 14.54 (± 10.353). Also, the mean RFS was 1.77 (± 3.069). No significant correlation was established between the severity of vitamin D deficiency and RSI as well as RFS. The prevalence of LPR was 43%. Conclusions: Hypovitaminosis D does not have any effect on LPR in the Indian female population.
The Impact of Christianity on Capitalism
Authors: Cook Deborah ,   DePaul University
Published: October 2020

This paper represents a preliminary attempt to explore Max Weber’s and Michel Foucault’s distinct accounts of how Christianity facilitated the development of capitalism in the West. Very generally, Weber and Foucault agree that it was the conducts that Christianity inculcated in individuals that aided capitalism’s develop­ment. Yet this paper shows that they disagree about what these conducts were, how they were inculcated, and in whom.
Prostitution and the Good of Sex
Authors: McKeever Natasha ,   Department of Philosophy, Florida State University
Published: October 2020

In Sascha Settegast’s recently published article, “Prostitution and the Good of Sex” in Social Theory and Practice, he argues that prostitution is intrinsically harmful. In this article, I object to his argument, making the following three responses to his account: 1) bad sex is not “detrimental to the good life”; 2) bad sex is not necessarily unvirtuous; 3) sex work is work as well as sex, and so must be evaluated as work in addition to as sex.
Lawns along the Belgrade roads: Taxonomic and phytogeographical analysis
Authors: Novaković Ana , Stavretović Nenad , Petrović Jovana , Stojanović Nadežda
Published: October 2020

This study was done with the aim to comparatively analyze the taxonomic and phytogeographical spectrum of lawns along the Belgrade roads. The analysis was done using the results of a floristic research done in 2001, combined with results of the field research conducted in 2019. A comparative analysis of the obtained results has shown that a lower heterogeneity of the floral elements and plant taxa was recorded in the studied lawns in 2019, when compared to the previous research period. Such a reduction in heterogeneity is the result of more intensive measures of lawn care, and of a stronger anthropogenic influence, which has led to a homogenization of the lawn flora.
Comparative analysis of leaf micromorphology and anatomy in cultivated and weedy sunflower (Helianthus annuus)
Authors: Božić Dragana , Rančić Dragana , Sarić-Krsmanović Marija , Vrbničanin Sava
Published: October 2020

There are various opinions in the literature on the importance of morpho-anatomical leaf features, such as the number of stomata, the presence of trichomes, cuticle thickness, cell size, leaf thickness, etc. for the susceptibility of plants to foliar herbicides. Knowing that differences in the plant's sensitivity to herbicides may be due to differences in leaf sufrace and inner structure of leaves, a detailed micromorphological and anatomical analysis was performed on the leaves of tolerant and susceptible sunflower forms, both in cultivated hybrids and populations of weedy sunflower. It is interesting that while no significant differences in the number of trichomes and stomata between the resistant and susceptible weedy sunflower populations were observed, in comercial sunflower genotypes these numbers were significantly different. Namely, the number of stomata in the sensitive comercial sunflower hybrid was significantly higher than in the tolerant ones, but the tolerant hybrids had significantly more leaf trichomes than the sensitive one. Consequently, it is possible that the higher density of trichomes makes it impossible for the herbicides to reach the surface of the leaf epidermis, resulting in a reduced uptake. It has also been shown that plants with different levels of herbicide susceptibility also differ in various anatomical parameters.
Education of children with developmental disabilities
Authors: Rajšli-Tokoš Elvira
Published: October 2020

The intention of this study is to present the development of education through centuries, with emphasis on children with developmental disabilities. With changes in society, education of children has changed as well, adapting to the needs of the society. The education of children with developmental disabilities has come a long way, which can be divided into different periods. In the primitive period such children were murdered. In the asylum period segregation was applied. Then, the integration of such children lasted until 2009, when inclusion was introduced into education. This study presents the historical development of special education schools, until today. It shows how the number of schools and the number of students has changed. Moreover, it presents the kinds of education and the laws that followed that process.
Students' and teachers' attitudes to the application of multimedia in initial science education
Authors: Maričić Olja , Ivkov-Džigurski Anđelija , Stojšić Ivan
Published: October 2020

This article presents students' and teachers' attitudes to the application of multimedia in the beginner natural sciences teaching. The survey was carried out in 2016, in two primary schools in Sombor. The sample comprised work of the fourth-grade students who, in the period of two months, studied the geographical content in the subject Nature and Society using multimedia. The obtained data were collected with a survey, and processed with descriptive statistics. The analysis of the results shows that more than half of the students believe that the use of multimedia has a positive effect on increasing their motivation for learning, making it easier and providing long-lasting knowledge. More than half of the students want multimedia to be applied to future lessons of Nature and Society. Surveyed teachers support this kind of teaching and believe that the use of multimedia enriches and completes the teaching process. Since this type of work contributes to the successful realization of teaching material, it should be more often used in the teaching practice.
Motor and morphological status of preschool children
Authors: Babić Nataša
Published: October 2020

The aim of this paper is to provide records of differences in motor and morphological status of preschool girls and boys based on previous research. PubMed, SCIndeks and Web of Science were searched to find relevant articles. Thirty-one scientific and professional papers are included. The results indicate evident gender dimorphic differences in motor abilities and morphological status.
Nursing practice research: A necessary factor in establishing and maintaining high nursing standards
Authors: Stojanović-Jovanović Biljana , Kekuš Divna
Published: October 2020

INTRODUCTION: Research in nursing today has a major impact on current and future nursing practice, forming an essential component of the educational process. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the workplace and position in which nurses are engaged after completing the specialization in clinical care, what is their level of motivation for further education in the profession and whether they follow the results of research on nursing practice by reading professional journals. To examine whether there is a difference in attitudes towards nursing research in relation to the age of the respondents. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The research involved (N 86) nurses, clinical care specialists who completed specialist studies at the study program Clinical Care at Higher Education School of Professional Health Studies in Belgrade, until 2019. A questionnaire designed for the purposes of this research was used as an instrument. and a modified version of the Boot scale of nurses' attitudes toward research, which consists of subscales: Environmental Interest and Support, Cost-effectiveness and Benefits, and Barriers (Difficulties). RESULTS: At the level of the whole sample, the age of the respondents ranged from 24 to 59 years, on average 42 years 3 months (SD = 9 years 4 months). The largest number of respondents, 40 of them (46.5%) stated that the hospital ward was their workplace, 38 (44.2%) stated that they read only one nursing journal, 33 (38.4%) that they were quite motivated to continue education in the profession. As the age of the respondents increased, a more positive attitude towards research was recorded. CONCLUSION: Every nurse must be aware of the importance of professional development and work responsibly. The results indicate, that with the increase in the age of the respondents, a more positive attitude towards research in the domains of environmental support they have in the implementation of nursing research and the cost-effectiveness and benefits of nursing research.
MEDIUM VOLTAGE DIRECT CURRENT (MVDC), A NEW SYSTEM FOR THE MANAGEMENT AND OPERABILITY OF ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION GRIDS
Authors: ZORITA LAMADRID ANGEL LUIS , DE LA RUBIA HERRERA ANTONIO , DUQUE PEREZ OSCAR , MORIÑIGO SOTELO DANIEL
Published: October 2020

The challenges in the operation of the electricity grids of the future, especially due to an increase in demand and connected distributed generation, are forcing utilities to propose solutions that improve the controllability and capacity of the grids. The connection of direct current links in medium voltage (MVDC) may be one of these solutions whose features could improve the efficiency and flexibility of these networks. The aim of this article is to describe this technology, its basic operation and different control strategies, and to indicate the applications that these links currently have, with special emphasis on those that will improve operation and control in medium-voltage distribution networks, some of which are already in operation.

KEYWORDS: MVDC, VSC, distribution grids, direct current links, independent power control
ANTI-ISLANDING SOLUTIONS IN LOW AND MEDIUM VOLTAGE
Authors: LAMO ANUARBE PAULA , RUIZ ROBREDO GUSTAVO , MAÑANA CANTELI MARIO , AZCONDO SÁNCHEZ FRANCISCO JAVIER , PIGAZO LOPEZ ALBERTO
Published: October 2020

This paper presents the most representative solutions used in the detection of unintentional electric islands in electrical distribution grid. In addition, it analyzes the adoption of these methods by equipment manufacturers, both in distributed resources based on power inverters and in protections and systems for monitoring the state of the grid. This work also compares the applicable regulations in some European countries.

Keywords: Anti-islanding, unintentional electric island, electrical distribution grids, detection methods, inverters.
ACHIEVING A NEARLY ZERO ENERGY DISTRICT THROUGH INTEGRATION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY: A CASE STUDY IN VALLADOLID (SPAIN)
Authors: DE TORRE MINGUELA CRISTINA , ANTOLIN GUTIERREZ JAVIER , GARCIA FUENTES MIGUEL , FERNANDEZ INES , GOMEZ TRIBINO JAIME , IRIGOYEN ARALAR
Published: October 2020

Recently the EU established the new obligations of the member states towards 2030, which are the reduction of CO2 emissions in 40% with regards to the values in 1990, the integration of 32% of renewable energy production, the improvement of energy efficiency in 32.5% and the establishment of 15% of electric interconnection among member states. Beyond 2030, the EU establishes also as global target the decarbonisation of the economy by 2050. While for new buildings the principles to achieve nearly zero or very efficient buildings are well established and technically and economically viable, these principles are less clear in large scale renovations of existing buildings. It is precisely in renovation where the focus should be to reach climate neutrality in the coming 30 years due to the high amount of existing building stock in Europe and the potential that consequently these urban areas offer. The strategies to achieve nearly zero retrofitted buildings have to balance technical solutions, economic viability and integration of renewable sources. Also, the issue of scale becomes essential, where districts can be considered as a system of complex interconnections, interactions, relationships and flows that offer greater flexibility to integrate certain Energy Conservation Measures (ECMs) or to implement specific business models. Therefore a comprehensive approach is essential for effective decision-making with regards to energy efficiency improvement. Thus, approaches for a comprehensive and integrated renovation of districts are needed to unlock the full potential existing on retrofitting the building stock. This paper builds on this element and presents the energy retrofitting of a residential neighborhood in Spain under the EU funded project REMOURBAN that has followed an integrated approach to design the appropriate combination of ECMs leading to 40% of energy consumption reduction and 85% of CO2 emissions avoided to the atmosphere.
CONDITION PERSPECTIVE OF COVID-19 ON ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND POLLUTION IN SPAIN
Authors: CARCEL CARRASCO FRANCISCO JAVIER , PEÑALVO LOPEZ ELISA , CARCEL CARRASCO JOSE ANTONIO , SANCHEZ RODRIGUEZ JUAN MANUEL
Published: October 2020

In Spain the effect of COVID-19 has gone from being anecdotal in January 2020, to being one of the countries in Europe with the highest number of cases, which has affected the health system and indirectly, due to mobility restrictions, air pollution and energy consumption in the country. This article shows a perspective of the indirect effect produced by this pandemic on energy consumption and air pollution in reference to different moments that have occurred in Spain, first, when citizens were not yet aware of the impact of COVID-19 (mid January 2020), second after the first alerts given by the Spanish government (late February 2020) , third after the state of alarm and restriction of citizens' movements by the government (March 2020), together with the phases of de-scalding at a later date until the end of June 2020.

Key Words: Air pollution; COVID-19; Cities; Energy
MICRO-TURBINE MODELING FOR DYNAMIC SIMULATION OF STAND ALONE OPERATION IN LOW VOLTAGE NETWORKS
Authors: LEIBAR MURGOITIO IÑAKI , EGUIA LOPEZ PABLO , ZAMORA BELVER INMACULADA , SAN MARTIN DIAZ JOSE IGNACIO
Published: October 2020

Micro-turbines are low-power gas turbines, capable of achieving 70-80% efficiencies by combined generation of electricity and heat. Due to the possibility of taking advantage of residual heat, they are particularly suitable generation systems for connecting to the grid near consumption points.
IMAGE SALIENT OBJECT DETECTION ALGORITHM BASED ON ADAPTIVE MULTI-FEATURE TEMPLATE
Authors: SUN JINPING , DING ENJIE , SUN BO , CHEN LEI , KERNS MATTHEW KEITH
Published: October 2020

Salient object detection affected by area edge blurring and scene complexity has various problems, such as incomplete edge extraction and blurry salient maps. Fusing of multiple salient features improves the detection performance, but an inappropriate fusion algorithm may reduce the results of detection. A salient object detection algorithm based on adaptive multi-feature template was proposed to solve the ineffective fusion of various salient features. First, salient edge features were obtained using Conv1 and Conv2 in the Resnet50 model by combining local edge information with high-level global location information. Second, while some attributes such as texture, color contrast, spatial features, and salient edge features were input into the adaptive multi-feature template, these features were spread to every layer of cellular automata. The final saliency map was obtained by calculating the histogram of the target, background, and entire area of the image and automatically generating weight coefficients of different features according to the intersection of the histogram. Results show that the average absolute error (MAE) of the proposed algorithm is only 0.044, while the comprehensive evaluation index (F-score) reaches 0.899. Thus, this algorithm achieves better accuracy and higher recall rate. The adaptive multi-feature template effectively solves the fusion problem of multiple salient features and can accurately obtain the salient areas of the image. This study provides references for image segmentation, image classification, object tracking, and other fields in computer vision.

Keywords: Salient object detection, Salient edge, Cellular automata, Adaptive multi-Feature template