bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interdisciplinary telehealth team positively impacts difficult to control hypertension in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Dopp John M. , Lange Austin , Maursetter Laura
Published: April 2023

Background:

Hypertension (HTN) is the most common chronic health condition worldwide and impacts chronic kidney disease patients at increasing rates as kidney function falls. Uncontrolled blood pressure can have a significant impact on cardiovascular disease, kidney disease progression, and mortality. In this study, we implemented an interdisciplinary team to assess the impact a fully virtual management system, on top of usual nephrology care, could have on HTN control among Veterans Administration patients with difficult to manage HTN.

Methods:

Patients with difficult to control HTN were referred to a collaborative nephrology telemedicine clinic for care by a nephrologist and a clinical pharmacist. Blood pressure was managed via telephone visits conducted by the pharmacist every four to 12 weeks. Patients were sent a home blood pressure monitor, provided education about its use, and were instructed to monitor home blood pressure regularly. Those with at least three phone visits who had objective home blood pressure measurements at each visit were included in the pragmatic analysis. Change in systolic blood pressure from baseline was the primary outcome variable.

Results:

Of the 55 patients meeting inclusion criteria, a mean reduction of 16±14 mm Hg in systolic blood pressure and 6±7 mm Hg in diastolic blood pressure was shown. In 12±7 months 44% of patients achieved goal blood pressure (<130/80) and 31% were discharged back to primary care management in an average of 8±5 months with apparent sustained effect.

Conclusion:

An interdisciplinary team of a pharmacist and nephrologist using a virtual care model is an effective method for managing difficult to control HTN in this pragmatic assessment.
Abordagem cirúrgica da Doença de Crohn
Authors: Do Nascimento Thayná Barbosa , Lopes Dário França , Martinelli Isabela Cardoso , De Oliveira Leonardo Vicente Brasil , Pereira Renata Aparecida , Azeredo Wagner Antônio Bragato , Shimabukuro Monike de Arruda Oliveira , Fernandes Rafael Orsini de Assis
Published: April 2023

A terapia médica é a base do tratamento para a maioria dos pacientes com doença de Crohn. O manejo operatório é reservado para aqueles que desenvolvem complicações. Pacientes com abscesso intra-abdominal devem ser tratados com antibióticos e submetidos à drenagem percutânea ou cirúrgica do abscesso, seguida de ressecção cirúrgica do segmento intestinal envolvido após a resolução da sepse. A drenagem percutânea é preferível à drenagem cirúrgica sempre que possível. As indicações para ressecção possuem as suas particularidade que devem ser avaliada em cada caso.
Abordagem da febre no paciente cirúrgico
Authors: Sardinha Rafael Torres de Abreu Machado , Filete Michely , Campos Sophia Maria Rocha , Mazorque Thaís Corrêa , Martins Elizandra Ross , Misaka Isabela Mika de Oliveira , Maia Mayalu Alane Amaral , Lopes Jonathan Oliveira , Lima Isabella Ferreira Faioli
Published: April 2023

A febre pós operatória é definida por temperaturas  superiores a 38°C. Esse quadro é comum no pós-operatório imediato e precoce. Essa resposta febril pode ser devida a resposta endócrino-metabólica com liberação de citocinas, endotoxinas bacterianas circulantes da flora intestinal endógena ou outras causas. Pacientes internados com febre perioperatória devem ser avaliados com uma história e um exame físico para garantir que não haja causa preexistente de infecção ou uma infecção do sítio cirúrgico rapidamente progressiva. Embora a atelectasia seja frequentemente citada como causa de febre no paciente cirúrgico, a associação é provavelmente coincidência e não causal. A radiografia de tórax não é indicada na maioria dos pacientes febris no pós-operatório imediato. Outras avaliações e estudos laboratoriais devem ser adaptados ao paciente individual com base na história, sintomas e achados físicos. A partir do 4º dia de pós-operatório, o diagnóstico diferencial de febre no paciente cirúrgico evolui para incluir etiologias infecciosas e não infecciosas. Infecção do sítio cirúrgico, pneumonia, infecção do trato urinário e infecção do cateter intravascular são as causas infecciosas predominantes de febre após a cirurgia e muitas vezes são devidas a organismos multirresistentes nosocomiais. A causa não infecciosa de febre mais comum no paciente cirúrgico é uma reação medicamentosa.
Doença da arranhadura de gato com apresentação atípica: um relato de caso
Authors: Jales Blenda Cunha , Pinheiro Jefferson Augusto Piemonte
Published: April 2023

OBJETIVO: Relatar o caso de  paciente do sexo feminino com Doença da Arranhadura de Gato com apresentação atípica , relacionando-o com a literatura. DESCRIÇÃO DO CASO: Paciente feminina,11 anos, iniciou  quadro de adenomegalia axilar e epitroclear unilateral dolorosa progressiva associada a púrpuras em membros inferiores e plaquetopenia. Submetida à azitromicina por cinco dias, além de imunoglobulina intravenosa em dose única. A sorologia para Bartonella henselae resultou positiva em alto título. No 12º dia de evolução da doença, recebeu alta hospitalar. Evoluiu com melhora e sem intercorrências após o acompanhamento ambulatorial. COMENTÁRIOS: Paciente com quadro clínico sugestivo de  Doença da Arranhadura de Gato e evolução para Púrpura trombocitopênica. Foram observadas alterações compatíveis com quadros descritos por outros autores. Tal associação, assim como observado na literatura, é de descrição escassa. A suspeição diagnóstica é fundamental para o tratamento e seguimento adequados.
Mastite em vacas: cuidado e prevenção
Authors: De Menezes Helen Marianna , Milhomem Thais França , Da Silva Mateus de Andrade
Published: April 2023

O Brasil possui um grande destaque na bovinocultura e na produção de leite, obtendo resultados positivos na geração de empregos e lucratividade. O sistema agroindustrial do país apresenta uma relevância para a sociedade, pois a produção do leite é uma das mais importantes. O leite é um produto proteico de suma importância para a população, desde o nascimento até a vida adulta. Entretanto, quando o gado leiteiro é acometido por alguma infecção, torna-se um problema não só para a produção, como para a saúde pública. A doença que ocasiona esse problema é a Mastite. Assim, esse trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar as principais medidas de cuidado e prevenção da mastite em bovinos. Para tanto foi necessária uma análise de literatura, utilizando fontes bibliográficas com foco no tema, explicando o processo de evolução da doença, com o objetivo de familiarizar o pesquisador diante do objeto de estudo: a mastite, e assim compreender e interpretar subjetivamente de que forma é possível cuidar e prevenir essa doença. O suporte utilizado é de uma revisão através de artigos científicos publicados em revistas, teses de Mestrado e Doutorado disponíveis em dados eletrônicos como por exemplo Scielo, Science Direct, Revistas e artigos eletrônicos. Com a pesquisa foi possível perceber que a mastite é um problema que afeta o rebanho leiteiro no mundo inteiro e pode ser classificada em clínica e subclínica. Para o controle e prevenção da mastite, a higiene é a principal arma, tanto no local, quanto no equipamento utilizado, e que é necessário o controle contínuo para melhores resultados.
Índice de abortamento em adolescentes nos últimos 5 anos no estado do Amazonas
Authors: Silva Marcelli Neves , Zanotto Gian Lucca Pereira , De Oliveira João Henrique Batista , Jahn Ana Paula , Cardoso Sigrid Maria Loureiro de Queiroz
Published: April 2023

A adolescência dentre os seus limites, segundo a Organização Mundial da Saúde, está entre os 10 a 19 anos. Nesta fase encontram-se as primeiras descobertas, sociais, emocionais e físicas. Artigos revelam que é nesse período que eles estão em busca da autodescoberta, associada a sexualidade. O Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), juntamente com o Ministério da Saúde, levantaram dados que indicaram que 30% dos adolescentes já tiveram relação sexual. Mudanças constantes nesta fase da vida, geram eventos de despreparo, sem uma responsabilidade que consequentemente é gerada ao longo da vida, tendo como resultado os riscos de reprodução que uma mulher adulta teria. Os métodos anticoncepcionais acabam sendo descartados por esse grupo etário.
O impacto do isolamento social determinado pela pandemia do COVID-19 na saúde mental dos idosos: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Michels Catarina Depieri , Ferreira Isabela Junqueira , E Lamas Júlia Maria Morena Afonso Campos , Santos Larissa Fernandes de Souza , Santos Lara Fernandes de Souza , Azara Laylla Luiza Ferreira , Rodrigues Yasmin Rosa Storck Rocha , Corrêa Laysa Rodrigues
Published: April 2023

INTRODUÇÃO: Devido a pandemia da COVID-19, tem-se discutido o impacto do isolamento social na saúde mental da população. Entretanto, poucos estudos avaliaram o impacto aos idosos. Desse modo, é importante avaliar a real consequência a esse grupo etário, assim como poder demonstrar a necessidade de instituir medidas preventivas que objetivam reduzir e minimizar o sofrimento mental deles. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o impacto do isolamento social, devido à pandemia pela Covid-19, na saúde mental dos idosos. METODOLOGIA: É uma revisão sistemática, na qual foi realizado buscas de alta sensibilidade, por estudos qualitativos e observacionais.Os resultados foram exportados para o Rayaan, plataforma na qual os pesquisadores se basearam em critérios de inclusão e exclusão pré definidos para a seleção final. RESULTADO: Foram analisados 475 artigos, sendo selecionados sete ao final. Os artigos analisados permitiram apontar a situação da saúde mental em idosos durante o isolamento social.  Quatro estudos avaliaram que indivíduos acima de 50 anos apresentaram maiores problemas em relação à saúde mental; em contrapartida, três estudos apresentaram resultados divergentes, uma vez que a saúde mental dos jovens foi afetada de modo semelhante ou em maiores proporções que a dos idosos, em relação ao humor e à insônia. CONCLUSÃO: Foi perceptível a  influência do isolamento social nos idosos com piora dos distúrbios psiquiátricos, destacando-se a depressão e ansiedade. Logo, são necessárias medidas preventivas e paliativas para apoio psicológico desse grupo etário, com o objetivo de minimizar  e prevenir o sofrimento mental.
Protocolo para elaboração do diagnóstico sistêmico conjugal
Authors: Simor Chaiane Cássia Giacomoni , Sathes Michele Minozzo , Rossato Magda Longo , Cenci Claudia Mara Bosetto , Meneses Maria Piedad Rangel
Published: April 2023

Este artigo apresenta a redação de um protocolo para elaboração de um diagnóstico sistêmico conjugal. O protocolo está dividido em quatro etapas. A primeira é o acolhimento e apresentação, tanto do casal quanto do psicólogo/a. A segunda etapa, a estrutura, procura conhecer como o casal se organiza. A terceira, a dinâmica relacional, que busca compreender como eles se comunicam. E a quarta etapa, a queixa apresentada pelo casal, tem por finalidade a elaboração conjunta de um objetivo de trabalho. O objetivo, ao término da aplicação do protocolo, é possibilitar ao psicólogo a elaboração de um diagnóstico sistêmico conjugal com o intuito de desenvolver um plano terapêutico mais eficiente. A pesquisa foi qualitativa, de caráter exploratório e descritivo com delineamento de desenvolvimento. Os participantes foram doze especialistas/juízes/experts oriundos de diferentes países (Argentina, Brasil, Colômbia e Portugal) no exercício da prática clínica (casais),com mais de dez anos de experiência. Utilizou-se como instrumento uma escala Likert. Para o procedimento de análise, utilizou-se a psicométrica, verificando avalidade e confiabilidade de conteúdo dos dados coletados. Foi alcançado como resultado desta pesquisa a redação de um protocolo para elaboração de um diagnóstico sistêmico conjugal.
A cozinha e o cozinhar de China no Juazeiro, em Caetité, na Bahia: que campo, que cidade?
Authors: Ledo Renato Sérgio Neves
Published: April 2023

O presente artigo, fruto do meu Trabalho Final de Graduação, aborda as cozinhas como elemento arquitetônico capaz de traduzir as transformações do processo de urbanização contemporâneo, o qual avança sobre o que outrora foi o espaço rural, através do fluxo de capitais de valores simbólicos, das relações sociais e com a natureza, fragmentando o território e a vida cotidiana. Para isso, foi feita uma pesquisa de campo no distrito de Juazeiro (pertencente ao município de Caetité – Bahia), precisamente na cozinha de Gersina Santos. A pesquisa se deu pela visita em campo e observação do cotidiano da protagonista. Assim, foi elaborada uma metodologia que interferisse o mínimo possível nas ações ali existentes – entrevista não estruturada e o observador participou do cotidiano. Em essência, uma conversa informal, dentro da qual foram extraídas informações orais e registros de imagens pertinentes ao estudo. Desse modo, da cozinha e do cozinhar de China, a indagação: que campo, que cidade? está sendo a busca de entender que cidade é essa onde o Juazeiro está inserido e que campo é esse que está inserido nessa cidade. Como também, descobrir do desenrolar do Trabalho Final de Graduação o que esses espaços nos disseram e nos dizem. Posso adiantar, com evidência, que se tratam de campo e cidade com contradições e tradições.
Neoplasia colorretal e cuidados de enfermagem ao paciente estomizado: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Silva Cássia Ellen da Conceição , Câmara Bárbara de Siqueira , Brito Mariana Queiroz , Gonçalves Raquel Calado da Silva , Sé Aline Coutinho Sento , Moura Karine de Mendonça , De Souza Sônia Regina
Published: April 2023

O câncer colorretal é uma neoplasia comum na prática oncológica que afeta milhares de pessoas a cada ano no Brasil. Um aspecto desfavorável ao câncer colorretal trata-se do seu desenvolvimento silencioso e o seu diagnóstico tardio. Este estudo tem como objetivo: identificar na literatura quais as recomendações de orientações e cuidados de enfermagem ao paciente com diagnóstico de câncer colorretal estomizado. Metodologia: Trata-se este estudo de revisão integrativa da literatura, foi realizada uma busca nas bases de dados por meio da BVS de artigos acerca da temática proposta, publicados na íntegra, entre os anos 2018 e 2022. Resultados: Foram determinadas três categorias temáticas para discussão: Conhecimento do enfermeiro sobre os cuidados com as estomias e gestão do cuidado, Assistência perioperatória de enfermagem ao paciente estomizado e Educação permanente em saúde. Conclusão: O enfermeiro possui um papel fundamental para reabilitação do paciente estomizado fornecendo as orientações pré-operatórias em relação ao estoma, a bolsa coletora e o autocuidado. Identificou-se que as principais recomendações para o autocuidado no período pós-operatório constituem-se de cuidados com a pele periestomal, a higiene adequada, o corte correto da bolsa coletora e a alimentação a fim de se evitar complicações. Foi observado nos estudos, que existe um déficit de conhecimento sobre cuidados a pacientes estomizados por parte de profissionais de saúde desde a graduação onde os mesmos aprimoram seus conhecimentos em pós graduação. Com esse déficit, foi demonstrando assim a necessidade de esforços por parte da educação permanente em treinar periodicamente estes profissionais para o aperfeiçoamento do enfermeiro.
Fluoroscopia e sua relação com a radiodermite: uma discussão necessária – relato de caso
Authors: De Souza Andrio Portilho , Maldonado Jaime Giovany Arnez , Aranha Aline Brasil , Lima Ingrid Loureiro de Queiroz , Ferreira Gleide Elane Braga , Da Mota Bruno Santos
Published: April 2023

INTRODUÇÃO: A fluoroscopia é procedimento primário de imagem utilizado para manipulação de cateteres principalmente em cirurgias menos invasivas, e utiliza de doses por ionizantes que levam a lesões cutâneas, ocasionando dermatites por radiação e como consequência decorre diagnóstico de radiodermite por exposições acumulativas a estas doses em procedimentos realizados. OBJETIVO: relatar caso de paciente portadora de fibrilação atrial paroxística e submetida à ablação percutânea por cateter de crioablação, além de cateterismo cardíaco e angioplastia percutânea de artéria femoral direita, posteriormente diagnosticada com radiodermite relacionada à fluoroscopia. CASO CLÍNICO: paciente de 60 anos portadora de fibrilação paroxística submetida à ablação percutânea por cateter, com fístula arteriovenosa femoral, com necessidade de arteriografia e angioplastia, evoluindo após 15 dias com eritema e necrose dérmica de contornos regulares. CONCLUSÃO: após evidencias do relato de caso clínico nota-se a importância da análise de procedimentos guiados por fluoroscopia, quanto benefícios e riscos a pacientes e profissionais, por se tratar de diagnóstico raro e inesperado.
Orthogonal Combinatorial Raman Codes Enable Rapid High-Throughput-Out Library Screening of Cell-Targeting Ligands
Authors: Tang Yuchen , Zheng Xingxing , Gao Tingjuan
Published: April 2023

High-throughput assays play an important role in the fields of drug discovery, genetic analysis, and clinical diagnostics. Although super-capacity coding strategies may facilitate labeling and detecting large numbers of targets in a single assay, practically, the constructed large-capacity codes have to be decoded with complicated procedures or are lack of survivability under the required reaction conditions. This challenge results in either inaccurate or insufficient decoding outputs. Here, we identified chemical-resistant Raman compounds to build a combinatorial coding system for the high-throughput screening of cell-targeting ligands from a focused 8-mer cyclic peptide library. The accurate in situ decoding results proved the signal, synthetic, and functional orthogonality for this Raman coding strategy. The orthogonal Raman codes allowed for a rapid identification of 63 positive hits at one time, evidencing a high-throughput-out capability in the screening process. We anticipate this orthogonal Raman coding strategy being generalized to enable efficient high-throughput-out screening of more useful ligands for cell targeting and drug discovery.
Методика интегрального применения двигательных и интеллектуальных аспектов для развития умений и навыков в базовых элементах легкой атлетики у школьников старших классов
Authors: Kozina Zh.L. , Al-Ravashdeh Abdel Baset , Nikitenkov T.Yu.
Published: April 2023

Цель работы - разработать и обосновать методику развития двигательных умений и навыков школьников старших классов на занятиях по легкой атлетике с применением межпредметных связей и информационных технологий. Материал: в исследовании принимали участие 2 группы школьников: контрольная (n = 22 – девушки, n=34 – юноши) и экспериментальная (n = 21 – девушки, n=34 – юноши). Результати. Разработана авторская методика развития двигательных умений и навыков в беге, прыжках, метаниях старшеклассников с примением межпредметных связей и информационных технологий. Основная направленность методики – интегральное воздействие двигательных и интеллектуальных аспектов на процесс развития техники базовых легкоатлетических движений. Выводы. Применение разработанной методики обучения двигательным действиям на занятиях по легкой атлетике школьников старших классов способствует повышению показателей двигательной подготовленности по результатам выполнения основных тестов в беге, прыжках, метаниях; по результатам экспертной оценки техники бега, прыжков и метаний, а также уровня теоретических знаний.
Нові способи організації занять з фізичного виховання студентів педагогічного ВНЗ
Authors: Kryventsova Iryna Volodymyrivna , Dymar Oleksandr Anatoliyovych , Klymenchenko Viktoriya Hryhorivna
Published: April 2023

В умовах реформування фізичного виховання у вищій школі України нагальною потребою є пошук нових форм та способів організації фізкультурно-оздоровчої роботи зі студентами. Пропонуються нові форми поточного контролю фізкультурно-спортивної діяльності студентів.
Забезпечення спортивними спорудами студентського спорту України (на прикладі стадіонів місткістю понад 1500 місць)
Authors: Melnyk Mykhailo Hryhorovych
Published: April 2023

У статті з’ясовано кількісне забезпечення студентського спорту України у ХХІ століття спортивними спорудами типу стадіон. Встановлено, що динаміка кількості таких спортивних споруд розкривається у трьох часових відрізках. Перший із них охоплює 2003−2006 роки (65−68 об’єкти), другий − 2006−2010 рр., регресійний (66−27 об’єктів) та третій − 2010−2014 рр. − стабілізація кількості стадіонів із найнижчими за ХХІ століття показниками − 27−30 споруд.
Уровень подвижности в лучезапястном суставе у баскетболистов студенческой команды
Authors: Pomeshchikova Irina Petrovna , Kharchenko Evgeniy Sergeevich , Kudimova Olga Vladislavovna
Published: April 2023

Изучена амплитуда движений в лучезапястном суставе правой и левой руки студентов, занимающихся баскетболом. Были рассмотрены результаты обследования 14 спортсменов в возрасте 17–21 лет. Подтверждена большая амплитуда движений у баскетболистов в лучезапястном суставе обоих рук.
Зміст спортивної гри «Сквош»
Authors: Shevchenko O.O. , Buryan А.
Published: April 2023

У статті розглядається зміст гри сквош. Розглянуті структура світової федерації сквошу, правила та тактика гри, визначені основні удари.
Применение дозированного плавания на занятиях у людей, страдающих гипертонической болезнью
Authors: Sheiko Lilia Viktorovna
Published: April 2023

В статье предложены различные методики тренировочных занятий по плаванию с учетом режимов физических нагрузок. В эксперименте приняло участие 38 человек в возрасте 35-40 лет, страдающих гипертонической болезнью. Установлено, что после занятий по оздоровительному плаванию, функциональное состояние ССС занимающихся улучшилось.
Анализ выступлений команды «Технолог» БГТУ им. В.Г. Шухова по мини-футболу в соревнованиях различного уровня в сезонах 2011-2015 гг.
Authors: Kravtsov V.V. , Dmitrienko V.G.
Published: April 2023

В статье проведен анализ выступлений команды «Технолог» по мини-футболу в сезонах 2011-15 годов в соревнованиях различного уровня. Выявлены недочеты команды при подготовке к каждому сезону и определены пути направления исправления ошибок.
Validity of Body Image Pictogram to Determine Overweight/Obesity in Adults from Less Developed Populations: Results From Pars Cohort Study
Authors: Bazdar Somayeh , Sharifi Mohammad Hossein , Puostchi Hossein , Gandomkar Abdullah , Malekzadeh Reza , Malekzadeh Fatemeh , Molavi Vardanjani Hossein
Published: April 2023

Background: Despite the evidence for validity of body image pictogram (BIP) to discriminate overweight, obese, and normal individuals, there is little evidence on the probable effect of socio-demographic variables on its validity. To investigate the effects of socioeconomic status (SES), age, ethnicity, and educational level on the validity of BIP to discriminate normal weight, overweight, and obese people. Methods: We used the Pars Cohort Study (PCS) data. Stunkard’s BIP score was used as test measure. Participants were classified as normal (body mass index [BMI]<25), overweight (BMI=25 to 29.9), and obese (BMI≥29.9) based on their BMI (kg/m2 ). Area under curve (AUC) and its 95% CI were estimated and compared. Optimal cutoff points and their sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratio were reported. Results: A total of 9232 participants with a female/male ratio of 1.03 were included. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 37.4% and 18.2%, respectively. Regardless of socio-demographic levels, the optimal cut-points to discriminate normal BMI from overweight, and overweight from obese participants were BIP score of four and five, respectively. Estimated AUC correlated with ethnicity (P<0.001) for both genders, and with SES for females (P<0.05). Conclusion: Although BIP may be a valid measure to categorize the general adult population into normal, overweight and obese, its validity depends on SES and ethnicity. BIP may be available as a proxy measure for BMI categories in socio-demographically homogeneous populations but not in heterogeneous populations.
Association Between Human Leukocyte Antigens and Graft-Versus-Host Disease Occurrence in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation – A 10-Year Experience on Iranian Patients
Authors: Hamidpour Mohsen , Roshandel Elham , Ghaffari Nazari Haniyeh , Sankanian Ghazaleh , Bonakchi Hossein , Salimi Maryam , Salari Sina
Published: April 2023

Background: Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules mediate critical roles in determining responsiveness or non-responsiveness of the immune system, especially in transplantation. Some studies have shown a possible association between certain HLA alleles and some allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) outcomes such as acute/chronic graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD/cGVHD) and overall survival (OS). In the current study, we investigated any possible association of HLA subclasses and acute/chronic GVHD occurrence as well as OS in patients receiving HLA-matched sibling allo-HSCT. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the association of various HLA alleles with the incidence of aGVHD, cGVHD, and OS of 162 patients who received allo-HSCT from HLA-matched sibling between 2009-2018 at Taleghani hospital in Tehran. Results: We found that the incidence of aGVHD grades II-IV was higher among patients who had HLA-B*07 (P=0.031) and HLA-DRB1*07 (P=0.052). The presence of HLA-A*01 was associated with 4.5-fold greater odds of incidence in the extensive-type of cGVHD (P=0.009). Furthermore, HLA-A*03 (P=0.089), HLA-B*13(P=0.013), HLA-B*40 (P=0.042), HLA-DRB1*02 (P=0.074), and HLA-DRB1*04 (P=0.039) were associated with a lower rate of OS. Conclusion: This study suggests that certain HLA alleles might influence the incidence and severity of acute or chronic GVHD in the context of HLA-matched sibling allo-HSCT. In addition, some specific HLA alleles help predict OS in allo-HSCT recipients. These results might be helpful in estimating the incidence of aGVHD, cGVHD, and OS as well as designing personalized therapy.
Bloody Stool: Is It Really Scary in Kids? Four Benign Cases
Authors: Öztürk Betül , Göktuğ Aytaç , Bodur İlknur , Tekeli Aysun , Tuygun Nilden , Karacan Can Demir
Published: April 2023

Cefdinir is a third-generation oral cephalosporin used frequently in the pediatric population. The most common side effects of cefdinir are diarrhea, nausea and dyspepsia. The side effect of turning the stool color to red and giving a bloody appearance, which is alarming for both families and physicians, is very rare. In this case report, we discussed 4 cases who referred to the emergency department with bloody stool due to the use of cefdinir. The important conclusion to be drawn from this case report is to know the rare side effects of commonly used drugs such as cefdinir. This will save time and resources and prevent unnecessary interventions on the patient.
Epidemiology and Risk Factors Associated with Zoonotic Ectoparasite Infestation Among Human and Small Ruminants in Sanandaj, West Iran
Authors: Sadeghi Dehkordi Zainab , Mahmoudi Ali , Saeghinasab Ali , Gharekhani Gamal
Published: April 2023

Background: Ectoparasites in domestic animals (sheep and goats) play important roles in transmitting the widest range of pathogens and can induce considerable economic losses in the animal husbandry industry. This study was undertaken to evaluate the prevalence and species’ variation of ectoparasites in the sheep and goats and its risk factors in Sanandaj, Kurdistan province, western Iran. Methods: The ectoparasites of 4576 animals; that is, 1954 sheep (416+1538) and 2622 goats (1084+1538) were collected in the abattoir and different rural regions (N=32) of Sanandaj. Determination of ectoparasites was done using a stereomicroscope according to the identification keys. Results: Results indicated that 925 sheep (47.33%) and 811 goats (30.93%) were infested with ectoparasites. There was a significant difference between the prevalence and sex in sheep aged less than one-year old (P≤0.05). Moreover, the highest and lowest prevalence of ixodid tick infestations was observed for Boophilus spp. (35.36%) and Rhipicephalus spp. (3.06%), respectively. In addition, the highest body infestation to be detected was on the ears (24.82%) of Rhipicephalus (P≤0.05) with 2.13 ticks in each animal. The frequency of tick infestation was remarkably higher in spring (33.82%) than in other seasons. Furthermore, 143/416 (34.37%) and 109/416 (26.2%) sheep as well as 113/1084 (10.42%) and 87/1084(0.86%) goats were infested with Ctenocephalides canis and Pulex irritans, respectively. Myiasis resulting from Przhevalskiana fly larvae was merely observed in the goat population at the abattoir. Haematopinus spp, Linognathus spp., and Damalinia were detected, and the prevalence of lice infestation was significantly higher in the goats 831/1538 (54.03%) rather than in the sheep 20/1538 (1.3%). Conclusion: This is the first report on ectoparasites fauna in the sheep and goats in Sanandaj, western Iran. Furthermore, it was confirmed that various ticks can not only transmit pathogens to humans but also induce tick-borne disease in animals in the region.
Customized Zirconia Crown in Pediatric Dentistry From Concept to Reality
Authors: Gupta Gaurav , Gupta D.K , Gupta Priyanka , Shah Parth , Khairwa Abhishek
Published: April 2023

Catering a tooth-colored restoration in a single sitting is the fundamental objective of chairside digital dentistry with computer-aided design/computer-assisted manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology, which became a legitimate reality with the initiation of ceramic reconstruction (CEREC) workflow. CAD/CAM dentistry has evolved through an amalgamation of diverse software and hardware upgrades since its launch to a viable chairside technology that allows pediatric dentists to treat patients in a single visit. Nowadays, CAD/CAM of dental restorations has become an ingrained fabrication process, especially for zirconium restorations. In this report, we have presented three cases to exemplify the clinical use of chairside digital dentistry (i.e., CEREC workflow) for the fabrication of a customized zirconium restoration in a single sitting to restore form, function, and occlusion for grossly decayed and decalcified primary molars, as well as esthetics for primary anterior teeth with utmost comfort of child patients with single-sitting treatment modality.
A Systematic Review on the Climate and Ecosystem Change Associated With the COVID-19 Epidemic: Global Challenges
Authors: Maleki Roveshti Mehran , Khajehnasiri Farahnaz , Akhlaghi Pirposhteh Elham , Amanat Nasir , Salehi Sahlabadi Ali , Vatani Javad , Poursadeqiyan Mohsen
Published: April 2023

The most serious current challenge in the world is COVID-19 disease incidence. With the spread of COVID-19, in addition to widespread human and economic damages, concerns have increased about the world’s climate and ecosystem change. This change alters the genetic structure of viruses, leading to newer strains. This study addressed global challenges regarding the COVID-19 epidemic effects and possible two-way changes in climate and ecosystems. Studies conducted from 2019 to 2022 were reviewed in this systematic review. Articles on climate and ecosystem change related to the COVID-19 epidemic were searched in the Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed databases in accordance with the MeSH search strategy using keywords such as "Climate Change" and "Ecosystem" or "COVID-19". In this research, the coding method based on the PRISMA chart was used, and 13 related articles were included in the study after qualitative evaluation. The COVID-19 epidemic is likely to have significant implications for progress in climate and ecosystem change. The phenomenon of climate change and its interaction with the COVID-19 epidemic is not limited to natural issues. One of the most important consequences is its impact on the social and economic issues of human societies, the most important of which are air pollution and environmental degradation. An increase in normal and special wastes, water consumption and wastewater production, air pollution after the start of the global economy, damage to forests and animals, and tendencies to use fossil fuels are only a part of the direct and indirect negative effects of COVID-19 on climate and ecosystem change. Epidemics directly threaten people and the health system, while climate and ecosystem change more broadly weakens natural and human systems. The COVID-19 crisis requires solutions within weeks and months, whereas responses to the climate and ecosystem change crisis seem less acute. However, the effects of climate and ecosystem change worsen with further procrastination. Thus, such crises with overlapping conditions and interactions require more attention and immediate public mobilization. Thus, the necessary planning should be implemented to moderate and reduce its effects.
Growth and invasion inhibition of T47D ductal carcinoma cells by the association of docetaxel with a bioactive agent in neutral nanosuspension
Authors: Bawadud Raghdah S. , Alkhatib Mayson H.
Published: April 2023

Introduction: The approach for drug delivery has impressively developed with the emergence of nanosuspension, particularly the targeted nanoemulsions (NEs). It can potentially improve the bioavailability of drugs, enhancing their therapeutic efficiency. This study aims to examine the potential role of NE as a delivery system for the combination of docetaxel (DTX), a microtubule-targeting agent, and thymoquinone (TQ) in the treatment of human ductal carcinoma cells T47D. Methods: NEs were synthesized by ultra-sonication and characterized physically by dynamic light scattering (DLS). A sulforhodamine B assay was performed to evaluate cytotoxicity, and a flow cytometry analysis for cell cycle, apoptosis, autophagy, and cancer stem cell evaluations. A quantitative polymerase chain reaction further assessed the epithelial-mesenchymal transition gene expirations of SNAIL-1, ZEB-1, and TWIST-1. Results: The optimal sizes of blank-NEs and NE-DTX+TQ were found at 117.3 ± 8 nm and 373 ± 6.8 nm, respectively. The synergistic effect of the NE-DTX+TQ formulation significantly inhibited the in vitro proliferation of T47D cells. It caused a significant increase in apoptosis, accompanied by the stimulation of autophagy. Moreover, this formulation arrested T47D cells at the G2/M phase, promoted the reduction of the breast cancer stem cell (BCSC) population, and repressed the expression of TWIST-1 and ZEB-1. Conclusion: Co-delivery of NE-DTX+TQ may probably inhibit the proliferation of T47D via the induction of apoptosis and autophagy pathways and impede the migration by reducing the BCSC population and downregulating TWIST-1 expression to decrease the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of breast cancer cells. Therefore, the study suggests the NE-DTX+TQ formula as a potential approach to inhibit breast cancer growth and metastasis.
Providing a Model of Organizational Trust with Professional Ethics Approach in the Health System: Grounded Theory
Authors: Kashefi Mohammad Hossein , Bohlooli Nader , Skandari Karim , Emari Hossein
Published: April 2023

Background. The health system is responsible for the health of society, so it needs to develop its individual and organizational performance through mutual trust and professional ethics to improve health and treatment services. This research aimed to present a comprehensive model of organizational trust with a professional ethics approach in the health system. Methods. This qualitative study used the Foundation Data method (Grounded theory). Data were collected by reviewing upstream documents and interviewing 22 informed experts. The validity of this study was reviewed and approved by the interviewees and professors. The continuous comparison method has been used for data analysis through three stages open, central, and selective coding. MAXQDA 2020 software was used for encoding. Results. Finally, five main dimensions and ten sub-categories were identified and classified based on data analysis: 1-Causative conditions with two sub-categories; (Structural and legal areas), 2-Contextual conditions with two sub-categories; (Organizational currents and individual competence), 3-Interventionist conditions with two sub-categories; (Environmental factors and administrative Factors), 4-Strategies and actions with two sub-categories; (Cultural and ethical standards and inter-organizational standards), 5-Consequences with two sub-categories; (Organizational and social consequences). Conclusion. A high level of organizational trust with professional ethics increases job satisfaction and organizational commitment, fosters employee confidence, stimulates participation and data sharing, helps solve problems, facilitates empowerment and adaptability, and enhances learning and organizational innovation. On the other hand, building trust and promoting professional ethics in an organization reduces mental and psychological pressure, assists employees in overcoming hopelessness, facilitates conflict resolution, and ultimately establishes a framework for boosting productivity and organizational performance to provide higher-quality services and products, thereby enhancing social responsibility.
The COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptance and Perceived Risk: A Survey in Northwestern Iran
Authors: Mohammadi Hassan , Armanmanesh Faraz , Heidari Fariba
Published: April 2023

Background. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still a global leading public health issue, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Vaccine hesitancy can decelerate the effect of mass vaccination programs. This study aimed to assess the determinants of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance and its relationship with the perceived risk of COVID-19 among the Iranian population at the beginning of the vaccination program. Methods. In this cross-sectional survey conducted in June 2021 in Tabriz, Iran, 500 subjects aged 18-64 years were investigated. The collected data included the demographic variables, participants' previous COVID-19 infection, history of the COVID-19 infection and mortality in the participant’s family members, perceived risk of COVID-19, and COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. The data were analyzed using the SPSS software version 16. Independent t-test and logistic regression were also performed. Results. The acceptance, doubt, and rejection of COVID-19 vaccine were reported by 232 (46.4%), 129 (25.8%), and 139 (27.8%) cases, respectively. Multivariate regression analysis showed that the age, education level, profession, and perceived risk of COVID-19 were significantly associated with the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine. Conclusion. The acceptance rate of the COVID-19 vaccine was not optimal among the studied population at the beginning of vaccination program, and about half of the participants reported the vaccine acceptance. People with low education, low perceived risk level for COVID-19, and younger people may have been considered a high-risk group for doubt or rejection of the COVID-19 vaccine.
Silencing of mTOR Facilitates the Cyclophosphamide-Mediated Cytotoxicity in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Sadeghi Mohammad , Aghebati-Maleki Leili , Abbaszadeh Sina , Rasoulzadeh Sina , Hosseinpour Feizi Abbas Ali , Movasaghpour Akbari Ali Akbar , Jadidi-Niaragh Farhad
Published: April 2023

Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a neoplastic disorder in which lymphoid progenitors of patients proliferate malignantly and accumulate in peripheral blood (PB), bone marrow (BM), and other sites. According to several studies, the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which mediates several biological processes in cells, including cell survival, autophagy, cell polarization, etc, is highly involved in cancer progression, chemoresistance, and relapse. Several studies have shown that mTOR is hyper-activated in ALL cells. Also, its inhibition is associated with a better response to several anticancer drugs. Methods: In this study, the effect of mTOR inhibition along with cyclophosphamide treatment (an alkylating agent used for the treatment of several malignancies) was evaluated. In the current research, peripheral blood and bone marrow mononuclear cells from eleven ALL patients were treated with anti-mTOR siRNA (transfection by Lipofectamine) and cyclophosphamide. The efficacy of mTOR inhibition was evaluated by qRT-PCR. Next, the effect of different treatments was assessed by a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test. Results: The findings demonstrated that the mTOR mRNA level was significantly reduced in leukemic cells when treated with mTOR siRNA-lipofectamine. Moreover, silencing mTOR considerably sensitized cells to cyclophosphamide. Cells treated with both cyclophosphamide and mTOR siRNA demonstrated the highest level of apoptosis. Conclusion: Based on the results achieved from the cytotoxicity test, we found that mTOR inhibition has a synergistic effect with cyclophosphamide treatment in ALL. Therefore, this combination therapy can be a promising approach for treating ALL, which should be examined more in subsequent investigations.
Immunogenicity of Chitosan-Based Non-invasive Vaccine Strategy Against Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Hoseinpour Rasoul , Hasani Alka , Baradaran Behzad , Abdolalizadeh Jalal , Salehi Roya , Hasani Akbar , Samadi Kafil Hossein , Nabizadeh Edris
Published: April 2023

Background: In spite of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination, still tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis remains a problematic impediment that requires perspective management. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunogenicity of chitosan nanoparticles containing recombinant mycobacterial proteins and adjuvant in the Balb/C mice through a non-invasive nasal inhalation delivery route and measure the level of cytokines interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-4 (IL-4), and IL-17. Methods: Thirty mice in five different groups were vaccinated through inhalation with compounds set in different combinations. Two weeks after the last nasal delivery, IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-17 were measured in spleen cell culture supernatants. Results: The IFN-γ and IL-17 concentrations were found to increase in the groups that received chitosan nanoparticles containing protein and adjuvant alone or as a BCG booster. Our study showed that the chitosan nanoparticle containing protein and adjuvant induced a Th1 response. However, the groups that first received BCG and then chitosan nanoparticles containing protein and adjuvant had the greatest Th1 response in terms of IFN-γ and IL-17 production in all the groups. Conclusion: Our findings showed that the vaccine designed to be administered through the nasal mucosa well stimulates cellular immunity and enhances the BCG vaccine’s effectiveness.
The approach of Iranian clinical pharmacists in the treatment of dyslipidemia based on international guidelines
Authors: Mirshekari Mehrzad , Shirzad Nooshin , Hemmatabadi Mahboobeh , Namazi Soha
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Optimal treatment of dyslipidemia is a top priority in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. For this purpose, clinicians in Iran usually refer to four current international guidelines. The aim of this study was to assess the approach of Iranian clinical pharmacists in the treatment of dyslipidemia based on international guidelines. Methods: A structured questionnaire was prepared. Questions (n=24) included the demographics (n=7), dyslipidemia references (n=3), dyslipidemia general knowledge of respondents (n=10), and questions (n=4) designed based on the difference among the latest version of guidelines participants stated they use in their practice. After validity conformation, the questionnaire was distributed to 120 clinical pharmacists, electronically from May to August 2021. Results: Response rate was 77.5% (n=93). The majority of participants (80.6%, n=75) claimed to have used the 2018 ACC/AHA guideline. The Median (interquartile range [IQR]) score of the general knowledge questions was 5.0 (2.0) out of 10. The Median (IQR) score of questions designed based on the difference among guidelines was calculated 3(1) out of 4. There was no significant (P=0.25) difference in score among participants according to their guideline selection. Moreover, the gender and length of experience as a clinical pharmacist had no significant (P>0.05) effect on the score of participants. Conclusion: In this study, Iranian clinical pharmacists answered half of the dyslipidemia general knowledge questions correctly. Also, Participants were up-to-date on 75% of the questions designed based on the latest version of the guideline they had been using in their practice.
Relationship of maxillary third molar root to the maxillary sinus wall: A cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) based study
Authors: Siddiqui Humayun Kaleem , Arif Aysha , Ghauri Kanza , Aijaz Anum , Khan Farhan Raza
Published: April 2023

Background. The relationship of the root of the maxillary third molars and the maxillary sinus (MS) is an important predictor of the anticipated difficulty in extraction. The aim of this study was to assess the location of maxillary third molars to the inferior wall of the MS in a sample of Pakistani population evaluated using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging and to assess if age or gender has any influence on third molar to MS distance. Methods. The CBCT scans of adult patients, carried out keeping image volume at 8 cm×8 cm, and the voxel size 0.2 and 0.1 mm. Images retrieved from the hospital database were included in the study. The relationship of root apices of maxillary third molar with the MS was assessed according to the vertical, horizontal and Winter’s classification. Descriptive statistics, t test and chi-square test of association were applied. Results. CBCT scans of 93 patients, 56 males and 37 females were evaluated. The mean age was 41.12±17.13 years. The mean distance of third molar roots to the MS wall was 2.38±1.54 mm for males and 1.86±1.04 mm for females, on the left and 2.67±1.81 mm for males and 2.58±1.54 mm in females, on the right side. Independent sample t test showed that there was no significant difference for third molar to sinus wall distance in the two genders. No significant difference was found between the two sides. Conclusion. In a sub-population of Pakistani adults, the mean distance between the roots of the upper third molar and MS wall is around 2 mm. Only 5% males and 8% females had their upper third molars roots protruding into the MS.
Influence of dairy products consumption on oral cancer risk: A meta-analysis
Authors: Rodriguez-Archilla Alberto , Gomez-Fernandez Marina
Published: April 2023

Background. The role of dairy product consumption on oral cancer risk is not yet fully clarified. Some studies have observed an inverse association between dairy consumption and oral cancer risk. This study aimed to determine the influence of dairy product consumption (milk, cheese, yogurt, butter) on oral cancer risk. Methods. A search for studies on dairy products and oral cancer was conducted in the following databases: PubMed (MEDLINE, Cochrane Library), Web of Science (WoS), and Scopus. The estimation of the odds ratio (OR) effect was performed with the generic inverse variance method using the logarithm of the effect with the standard error (SE) and 95% confidence intervals. Results. Twenty-one studies with 59271 participants (8,300 oral cancer patients and 50971 controls) were included in this meta-analysis. All dairy products significantly reduced oral cancer risk except butter (P=0.16). Milk intake reduced oral cancer risk by 27% (OR: 0.73; P<0.001); yogurt consumption by 25% (OR: 0.75; P<0.001), and cheese consumption by 21% (OR:0.79; P<0.01). Conclusion. Regular consumption of dairy products reduces oral cancer risk between 21% and 27%.