bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immune System Responses against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its Mechanisms to Escape from the Immune System
Authors: Borhani Shahrad Tafaghodi , Vakili Kaveh , Jafari Yasaman , Ghomi Zahra , Zandi Bita , Roozbahani Fatemeh , Faride Alavi Rostami Seyedeh , Malekzadegan Yalda , Feyzi Kambiz , Sameni Fatemeh
Published: October 2024

Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) employs a variety of strategies to evade the host immune response, enabling its persistence and the development of tuberculosis. These evasion tactics involve thwarting lysosome formation, manipulating intracellular pH, and disrupting apoptosis and autophagy processes within host cells. Specifically, MTB interferes with lysosome acidification by modulating calcium ions (Ca2+), iron ions, and hydrogen ions (H+ ), creating an optimal environment for its survival within host cells. Furthermore, MTB inhibits host cell apoptosis and autophagy, critical defense mechanisms against intracellular pathogens. Understanding these immunological escape mechanisms is paramount for developing effective tuberculosis therapies. Future research should focus on targeting MTB evasion strategies to pave the way for innovative tuberculosis treatments.
Conclusion: There is still a long road ahead of us to understand the immunological escape mechanism used by MTB. Over the past 50 years, numerous studies have looked into the immune response and the pathogenic processes of MTB.
A Child's Right to Family Education: Problems of Protection within the Framework of Convergence of Public and Private Interests
Authors:   Chief Research Scientist of the Department of Procedure Law of the Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences, LL.D., Letova Natalia V.
Published: October 2024

The article analyzes the features of the child’s right to education, the specifics of its implementation in modern conditions, determines its legal and social purpose, and the degree of influence on the child’s development. It has been proven that such an intangible right of a child is distinguished by a combination of public and private interests, the convergence of which allows each parent to freely exercise their right to raise a child, and the state, represented by public bodies, to ensure the protection of the rights of the child as a priority in the event of improper fulfillment by parents of their rights and responsibilities.
Reimaginando etnografias: o uso da videoetnografia na pesquisa em educação por Frederick Erickson e Carmen de Mattos
Authors: Mattos Carmen Lúcia Guimarães de , Erickson Frederick
Published: October 2024

O artigo é um ensaio teórico-metodológico que examina, a etnografia e a videoetnografia a partir das perspectivas de Frederick Erickson e Carmen de Mattos. São etnógrafos que realizam suas pesquisas em ambientes educacionais usando vídeo e microanálise. A fala de Erickson é incluída em primeiro lugar, com os objetivos de revisar aspectos fundamentais da pesquisa etnográfica em educação, descrever brevemente a história da etnografia, discutir a crise de confiança na etnografia tradicional e apresentar três abordagens etnográficas: professor-pesquisador, pesquisa-ação participativa e etnografia performativa. Mattos prossegue ampliando os argumentos do autor e discutindo o uso do vídeo na etnografia, na tentativa de abordar a questão: como o uso do vídeo em sala de aula pode ampliar as possibilidades analíticas sobre as interações vistas no espaço escolar? De que forma as gravações em vídeo foram utilizadas e quais os limites e possibilidades para o seu uso? E, de que modo as vinhetas etnográficas, a partir de imagens de vídeo, contribuem para significar o trabalho de campo e impactar a reflexividade do pesquisador? Considerados pioneiros no uso de imagens vídeo em pesquisas de sala de aulas, os autores se complementam e desafiam o leitor a reimaginar etnografias como projetos inconclusos e com potencial para vir a ser no futuro, não somente impulsionando as práticas escolares, em especial em sala de aula, com para informar e modificar as políticas públicas em educação.
Pesquisando a rede, na rede e com a rede: articulações e perspectivas da Netnografia
Authors: Alves Walcéa Barreto , Puggian Cleonice , Ferreira Juliana Rebelo
Published: October 2024

O mundo mudou, os mapas se redesenharam nas fronteiras das relações interativas, os antigosgrupos étnicos ressurgiram e as novas culturas apareceram no cenário digital. Uma rápida olhada na Internet mostra como a cultura humana, já complexa, se tornou ainda mais diversa. Este artigo propõe um passeio pelas mudanças ocorridas na última década nas interrelações sociais com a utilização maciça de Internet. Neste cenário, novas configurações de grupamentos humanos se viabilizaram por essas interações, em especial mediadas pela inteligência artificial (AI). Estas mudanças impactam diretamente a forma de fazer etnografia, visto que o sujeito etnográfico, sua cultura e formas interativas são o alvo principal deste tipo de investigação. Comunidades online, educação remota, hibridismo no ensino-aprendizagem, são algumas das discussões que se pretende delinear. O texto se desenvolve a partir de uma pesquisa bibliográfica que tem como objeto o conceito de netnografia, sua aplicação e implicações para a pedagogia na era digital. Os resultados desta revisão demonstram que os termos: netnografia, etnografia virtual, webnografia, etnografia digital, etnografia em mídias sociais ou etnografia on-line são alguns exemplos dessa variedade de abordagens. Pretende-se ainda demonstrar como o uso da etnografia digital se expande para vários campos doconhecimento. Como problemática principal se discute a questão ética que permeia as relações humanas e o fazer etnográfico. Neste sentido, é importante considerar cuidadosamente as preocupações de segurança com relação à privacidade individual e social, bem como prevenir a desinformação no âmbito digital.
Multi Drug Resistant (MDR) Klebsiella pnuemoniae Isolated from Different Sources
Authors: Chaudhary Shikha , Rai, T.S. , Arora A.K. , Chandra Mudit
Published: October 2024

Background: Multidrug-resistant pathogens are a significant cause of morbidity globally. The recent rise in resistant bacterial strains is largely attributed to the extensive use of antibiotics in human and animal treatment. In recent years, there has been a notable increase in drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains, posing a major challenge for clinicians worldwide. Methods: In the current study, 121 samples were obtained from bovine mastitis milk and faeces, dairy cattle farm premises, chicken cloacal swabs, poultry farm litter and water. The samples were processed for the isolation and identification of Klebsiella species. Klebsiella isolates were identified by cultural, morphological and biochemical characteristics and were subsequently confirmed by PCR assays that targeted species-specific genes. The isolates were subjected to in vitro antibiotic sensitivity test. The DNA from all the isolates was extracted and subjected to PCR to identify the presence of 10 different Antibiotic Resistance Genes (ARG) using published primers. The ARGs targeted were blaTEM, blaSHV, blaOXA, blaIMP, DHAM, MOXM, tetA, tetB, sul1 and aadA. Result: Out of 121 samples, twenty-six (21.4%) samples were identified as Klebsiella pnuemoniae isolates. The occurence of Klebsiella pnuemoniae in samples from different sources was- 3/33 (09%) from mastitis milk, 8/27 (29.6%) from faecal samples and 04/14 (28.5%) from environmental samples collected from dairy farms. Similarly, Klebsiella pnuemoniae prevalence was recorded to be 6/33 (18.1%) in cloacal swabs and 5/14 (35.7%) from environmental samples collected from poultry farms. On in vitro antibiotic sensitivity test, all the Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were found to be resistant to penicillin, amoxicillin, cefuroxime and ampicillin/ sulbactam (100% each), followed by cefalexin (65.3%), streptomycin (53.8%), tetracycline (38.4%), imipenum and co-trimoxazole (34.6% each), ofloxacin (30.7%), norfloxacin (27%), ceftriaxone (23%), amikacin (15.38%) and gentamicin (11.5%). All the K. pneumoniae isolates were found to be Multi Drug Resistant (MDR). Out of 26 isolates, 25 (96%) were positive for Sul1, 22 (84.6%) for blaTEM, 19 (73%) for blaSHV, 19 (3%) for tetA, 16 (61.5%) for aadA, 10 (38.4%) for OXA, 9 (34.6%) for tetB and 2 (7.6%) for DHAM and MOXM each. None of the isolates harboured blaIMP gene.
Análisis de los niños, niñas y adolescentes como sujetos de derechos
Authors: Cely R Delfina del Pilar
Published: October 2024

El presente ensayo muestra un análisis de los niños, niñas y adolescentes como sujetos de derecho, desde la Convención de los derechos de los Niños (1.989) en Colombia y la Ley 1098 “Código de la Infancia y la adolescencia” de 2.006. Las ideas acerca de la niñez son una construcción social e histórica que ha pretendido explicar sus características y la forma de relacionarse con ellos y ellas. La Convención deja atrás los conceptos negativos e idílicos centrados en verlos como objeto de protección, posicionándolos como sujetos de derechos desde los principios de titularidad, interés superior, prevalencia de los derechos, protección integral y corresponsabilidad. En síntesis, a pesar de contar con una legislación que pretendecumplir estos principios, se determina que las situaciones de riesgo y vulnerabilidad se mantienen en los contextos de socialización, conllevando al no goce y garantía de los derechos de los niños, niñas y adolescentes.
Recursos de Investigación en ciencias de la salud
Authors: Rincón Galvis Helen Jineth , Bernal Gomez Bibiana Matilde , Manrique Abril Fred Gustavo
Published: October 2024

Por medio de un ejemplo concreto de uso de métodos de trabajo en bioinformática se han diseñado las etapas para obtener dos posibles resultados con base en un taller de estudio dirigido de investigación en ciencias biológicas aplicadas a resolver los problemas de la salud pública. Se menciona el uso de los mismos y la importancia de su aplicación.
Enviado: octubre 2021 aceptado: noviembre 2021
KINERJA KARYAWAN, APAKAH SUATU KEHARUSAN? [EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE: IS IT A MUST?]
Authors: Suryawan Ian Nurpatria , Ramadhani Nanda Putri
Published: October 2024

This research aims to find out the effect of the independent variable (X), namely training, work discipline, and leadership style on the dependent variable (Y), namely employee performance at the PT. XYZ. The sampling technique used in this study was purposive sampling. Respondents involved in this study were 59 permanent employees. Data collection is done by spreading the spread. The method for analyzing the data in this study is multiple linear regression. Based on the hypothesis, the results of this study are that training, work discipline and leadership style have an effect on employee performance.

Bahasa Indonesia Abstrak: Penelitian ini punya tujuan yang jelas untuk mengetahui pengaruh variabel bebas yakni gaya kepemimpinan, disiplin kerja, pelatihan pada variabel tergantung yakni kinerja karyawan di PT. XYZ. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang dipakai pada penelitian ini adalah purposive sampling. Responden yang terlibat pada penelitian sejumlah 59 orang karyawan tetap. Metode untuk analisa data pada penelitian yaitu regresi linear berganda. Sesuai pengujian hipotesis hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu pelatihan, disiplin kerja, gaya kepemimpinan memberi pengaruh pada kinerja karyawan.
Growth and Challenges of Rubber Plantation in North-Eastern States of India
Authors: Sarkar Sukanta
Published: October 2024

The paper discussed the growth and challenges of rubber plantation in north-eastern states of India. It has been found that there are bright prospects of rubber plantation in the region. Rubber plants were first planted in 1950 in Assam. It helps in changing livelihoods of the tribal communities. Karimkhanj, Karbi Anglong, Kamrup and Goalpara districts are leading in rubber plantation. Rubber plantation is popular among the tribes in the East, West, North and South Garo Hills in Meghalaya. Peren, Mokokchung, Wokha, and Dimapur districts are popular for rubber plantation in Nagaland. Tuensang, Zunheboto, Mon, and Longleng are other districts have more potentiality for such plantation. Rubber board was introduced rubber plantation in Arunachal Pradesh in 1980s.  The first rubber tree was planted in Tripura by Forest Department of Tripura in 1963.  Tripura and Assam are far ahead then the other states of the region. This region is considered as non-traditional rubber plantation. Rubber plantation have positive impact on the financial status of the cultivators. Lack of skill workers, low price of rubber sheet, low quality of the rubber sheet, shortage of government subsidies, lack of support from the government agencies, and shortage of modern technologies are the basic challenges before the rubber cultivators.
INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTIVITY ESTIMATION AND MAPPING (A CASE STUDY OF IRAN’S ECONOMY)
Authors: Donyadari Paniz , Mohammadpour Reza , Khajehpasha Jafar Rahmatizad
Published: October 2024

Recent empirical evidence underscores the vital role of industrial development in fostering structural change and promoting a country's long-run development objectives. Devising sound industrial policy institutions emerges as a key policy option to promote the reallocation of human, physical and financial resources to high value added sectors of the economy (Mbate, 2016). The total factor productivity (TFP) and partial factor productivity (PFP) are the prominent indices for the analysis of industrial development in countries or regions. This study addresses industrial productivity by using these indices. Furthermore, after these indices were estimated, the studied provinces were classified as high-productivity, medium-productivity, low-productivity, and poor-productivity groups through hierarchical clustering. The dispersion rates of all the TFP and PFPs were then shown on a geographical map of Iran. Before the productivity indices are estimated, theoretical and empirical foundations are first reviewed in the following section.
Impulsos de una cuestión en los márgenes. Una revisión de la contribución del medievalismo hispano a los estudios sobre las cortes regias
Authors: Gamero Igea Germán
Published: October 2024

Tradicionalmente viene argumentándose que el medievalismo en general y el hispano en particular adoleció en las décadas centrales del siglo pasado de una falta interés por un tema actualmente en boga: los estudios sobre la Corte. En este trabajo proponemos algunas reflexiones sobre la atención mostrada a este tema por las principales escuelas del medievalismo que les permitió, ya en la década de los 30, incorporarse al debate sobre los séquitos regios desde una perspectiva propia.
Naciones en conmemoración: teoría, historiografía y estudios de los Bi-Centenarios patrios latinoamericanos, siglos XX-XXI
Authors: Ortemberg Pablo
Published: October 2024

Este artículo se estructura en tres partes. La primera se dedica a la teoría y la conceptualización de las conmemoraciones de la comunidad política en general, resaltando la naturaleza interdisciplinaria del objeto. A continuación, se revisan las perspectivas adoptadas en las investigaciones sobre los Centenarios patrios en América Latina en su primera oleada en torno al año 1910 y la segunda durante la década de 1920. La última parte, en comparación con la anterior, presenta un balance –necesariamente provisorio– de los estudios de las conmemoraciones de los Bicentenarios en torno al año 2010 y la segunda oleada de festejos actualmente en curso. Se identifican algunas preguntas transversales a los dos momentos históricos, se ponderan las especificidades y énfasis en cada agenda (incluido el tipo de fuentes disponibles), junto con las preguntas y enfoques que todavía están pendientes de explorar con más profundidad en cada caso y en especial aquellas que se abren en el marco de las conmemoraciones actuales: la relación entre las luchas memoriales y las dinámicas de inclusión-exclusión en los rostros de la nación; el análisis comparativo y conectado a nivel internacional y subnacional, y el aprovechamiento de herramientas etnográficas para el estudio de los públicos.
Conmemorar el pasado en aras del presente
Authors: Verdú Sánchez Inmaculada
Published: October 2024

Las conmemoraciones ejercen una gran atracción tanto a nivel de reflexión historiográfica, motivando la aparición de nuevos consensos e interpretaciones gracias a la producción investigadora, como en el ámbito político, pues son la ocasión idónea para desplegar políticas de memoria con la intención de legitimar un determinado proyecto político y de nación. Así pues, los historiadores y las autoridades políticas comparten un gran interés por las conmemoraciones, aunque no siempre coinciden en la forma de aprovechar las coyunturas conmemorativas. El Bicentenario de la consumación de la Independencia mexicana de 2021 es un escenario idóneo para la reflexión en torno a la problemática de los usos públicos del pasado.
Pengaruh Kombinasi Ekstrak Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa Bilimbi L.) dan Ekstrak Kunyit (Curcuma Longa L.) terhadap Kadar Low Density Lipoprotein
Authors: Fatikhasari Amalia Nurazima , Yuniarifa Conita , Utami Kamilia Dwi , Riza Mohamad , Soetoko Anita Soraya
Published: October 2024

Latar Belakang: Hiperkolesterolemia ialah keadaan kadar kolesterol total darah yang diangkut oleh LDL melebihi batas normal alhasil dapat menyumbat pembuluh darah dan ialah faktor risiko PJK. Pengobatan alternatif mencakup flavonoid pada belimbing wuluh diketahui dapat mengurangi tingkat kolesterol dan LDL serta kurkumin pada kunyit diketahui dapat menurunkan absorbsi lemak dan meningkatkan ekskresi lemak.
Tujuan: Tujuan riset ini menganalisa pengaruh gabungan ekstrak belimbing wuluh dan kunyit kepada kadar LDL.
Metode: Riset eksperimental mempergunakan desain post test only with control group design ini mempergunakan tikus jantan wistar dibagi 6 kelompok random. Kelompok KN (pakan standar, aquadest 28 hari), K- (pakan tinggi lemak 14 hari, dilanjutkan pakan standar dan aquadest), K+ (pakan tinggi lemak 14 hari, dilanjutkan pakan standar, aquadest dan simvastatin 0,18mg/200 gr BB/hari), P1 (pakan tinggi lemak 14 hari, dilanjutkan pakan standar, aquadest serta ekstrak ekstrak belimbing wuluh dan kunyit berdosis 240 : 270 mg/200 gr BB/hari), P2 (pakan tinggi lemak 14 hari, dilanjutkan pakan standar, aquadest serta ekstrak belimbing wuluh dan kunyit berdosis 360 : 175 mg/200 gr BB/hari), P3 (pakan tinggi lemak 14 hari, dilanjutkan pakan standar, aquadest serta ekstrak ekstrak belimbing wuluh dan kunyit berdosis 120 : 405 mg/200 gr BB/hari). Penentuan kadar LDL metode direct mempergunakan spektrofotometer dengan panjang gelombang 550 nm.
Hasil: Hasil rerata kadar LDL yaitu KN (53,60 ± 10,69) mg/dL, K- (193,40 ± 16,86) mg/dL, K+ (100,20 ± 42,48) mg/dL, P1 (118,00 ± 64,71) mg/dL, P2 (104,00 ± 45,28) mg/dL, P3 (78,00 ± 4,69) mg/dL. Data yang diterima diselenggarakan analisis mempergunakan uji Kruskal-Wallis, hasilnya didapatkan perbedaan kadar LDL antarberbagai kelompok (p<0,001), kemudian dilanjutkan uji Mann-Whitney pada KN dibandingkan K-, K+, P1, P2, P3 mengindikasikan p=0,009 alhasil ditemukan hal yang beda bersignifikan kadar LDL antara KN dengan K-, K+, P1, P2, P3.
Kesimpulan: Kesimpulan riset berikut yakni memberi campuran ekstrak belimbing wuluh serta ekstrak kunyit terbukti dapat mengurangi tingkat LDL.
Moringa oleifera, Cyclea barbata, Centella asiatica Leaves Extract Intervention Ability to Improve Fetus Development and Blood Protein Levels in Malnutrition Pregnant Model Mice
Authors: Christyaningsih Juliana , Hatijah Nur , Halimah Husnul
Published: October 2024

Background: Pregnant women experiencing chronic energy deficiency are at risk of giving birth to low birth weight and premature (stunted) babies.
Objectives: In an effort to prevent stunting, the study investigates the effects of a 1:1:1 ratio of Moringa oleifera, Cyclea barbata, and Centella asiatica leaf extract on fetal growth and blood protein levels.
Methods: This research used a laboratory experimental approach with 25 adult female Mus musculus Balb/C mice as a model of malnourished pregnancy, was divided into 5 groups: pre-test, positive control, negative control, placebo and test group. Moringa oleifera, Cyclea barbata, and Centella asiatica leaf extracts are administered to the test group and positive control in 1:1:1 ratio.
Results: The study results indicated that in pregnant mice without malnutrition receiving a mixture of Moringa oleifera, Cyclea barbata, and Centella asiatica leaf extracts, the average fetal body length was 9.7% higher and their weight was 7.4% heavier than pregnant mice with experiencing chronic energy deficiency.
Conclusions: The administration of Moringa oleifera, Cyclea barbata, and Centella asiatica leaf extract can contribute to improving fetal development and blood protein levels. However, its effectiveness is more pronounced in normal pregnancies than in pregnancies with chronic energy deficiency as it can prevent stunting.
Analisis Sisa Makanan untuk Mengevaluasi Kecukupan Asupan pada Lansia dan Menerapkan Pengendalian Mutu Manajemen Pelayanan Makanan di Panti Jompo Surabaya
Authors: Farapti Farapti , Rasyidah Amira Farah , Kusumadewi Salsabila Rahma , Dewi Yulis Setiya , Hasanatuludhhiyah Nurina , Winarno Didik Dwi
Published: October 2024

Latar Belakang: Malnutrisi sering terjadi pada lansia dan manajemen penyelenggaraan makanan memiliki peran penting dalam menyediakan asupan bagi lansia di panti jompo. Minimalisasi sisa makanan dapat menggambarkan asupan maksimal dan standar kualitas dalam layanan makanan institusi.
Tujuan: Untuk mengkaji sisa makanan sebagai evaluasi kecukupan asupan lansia dan penerapan pengendalian mutu manajemen pelayanan makanan pada panti jompo.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional dan dilakukan terhadap 65 lansia di Panti Jompo Surabaya pada tahun 2023. Observasi menu dilakukan untuk mengetahui kecukupan asupan yang diberikan oleh institusi. Metode visual Comstock selama 7 hari digunakan untuk menilai kecukupan asupan yang dikonsumsi. Batasan sisa makanan sebesar 20% menjadi kendali mutu manajemen pelayanan makanan.
Hasil: Kecukupan pemberian asupan menu di panti jompo yakni, energi (77,26%), karbohidrat (66,24%), serat (37,14%), natrium (165,36%), dan kalium (27,17%). Kecukupan asupan makanannya yakni, energi (75,79%), karbohidrat (65,48%), serat (34,06%), natrium (165,18%), dan kalium (25,63%). Baik kecukupan asupan maupun menu yang dikonsumsi masih kurang dari kecukupan asupan yang dianjurkan, kecuali pada natrium yang tergolong berlebih. Sisa makanan di panti jompo tergolong sedikit karena ≤20%, tetapi terdapat beberapa menu yang memiliki persentase >20% yaitu, pepaya, tongkol rica, ote-ote, nasi, kolak kacang hijau, sayur asem, pindang balado dan melon.
Kesimpulan: Kecukupan asupan menu yang disajikan dan dikonsumsi lansia di panti jompo belum memenuhi kebutuhan harian lansia. Untuk sisa makanannya tergolong sedikit, tetapi terdapat beberapa menu memiliki sisa >20%. Asupan gizi perlu ditingkatkan hingga mencapai asupan gizi yang direkomendasikan dan memodifikasi menu-menu yang tidak disukai dan mengedukasi lansia untuk mengonsumsi semua makanan yang disajikan.
Nutritional and Organoleptic Value in the Formula Enteral of Growol and Germinated Mung Bean Flour as an Alternative Enteral Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Nurrohima Diana , Rahman Nur , Luthfiyah Fifi
Published: October 2024

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by increased blood glucose. Nutritional support rich in dietary fiber and high protein can stimulate insulin secretion, thereby inhibiting increased blood glucose. Enteral of Growol-Germinated Mung Bean Flour (ENGROCAJO) is a formula developed from growol flour and germinated mung bean flour. It contains high dietary fiber with protein and is an alternative nutritional therapy for people with T2DM. Hospital Diabetes Mellitus (DM) enteral formula administered to patients is limited to dietary fiber.
Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the nutritional value and organoleptic value of the ENGROCAJO formula and compare it with the hospital DM enteral formula.
Methods: This was an observational laboratory study developed an enteral formula from growol and germinated mung bean flour. It analyzed the nutritional value using proximate and dietary fiber analysis. The organoleptic assessment utilized a hedonic test with 20 participants. The nutritional and organoleptic contents were compared with hospital DM enteral formula. The difference test between formulas was tested using Kruskal-Wallis with a significant value of p<0.05.
Results: The nutritional content in 100 g of ENGROCAJO formula and hospital DM enteral formula includes energy of 386.86 and 329.49 kcal, protein of 41.38% and 20.43%, fat of 2.78% and 8.88%, carbohydrate of 49.08% and 38.55% with dietary fiber of 22.43% and 3.62%. Organoleptic assessment of aroma, color, flavor, and thickness showed that the ENGROCAJO formula had higher quality than the hospital DM enteral formula. However, the flavor aspect showed significant difference (p=0.038).
Conclusions: ENGROCAJO formula contains higher protein and dietary fiber compared to the hospital DM enteral formula. There was a significant difference in the organoleptic taste between the ENGROCAJO formula and the hospital DM enteral formula.
Sensory Profiling of Jelly Drink Made from a Combination of Bay Leaf Water Extract and Guava Juice Using a Quantitative Descriptive Analysis
Authors: Putri Sefanadia , Marliyati Sri Anna , Setiawan Budi , Rimbawan Rimbawan , Yunianto Andi Eka , Rusyana Asep
Published: October 2024

Background: The profiling of a drink made from bay leaves combined guava juice has not been previously reported despite the positive health aspects of both plants.
Objectives: To analyze the sensory characteristics of jelly drink bay leaf water extract with guava juice combination using the Quantitative Analysis Descriptive (QDA) sensory evaluation method.
Methods: The QDA carried out of three stages, namely the panelist preparation stage, Forum Group Discussion (FGD), and quantitative descriptive test. QDA was carried out on four jelly drink product formulas, namely F0 (standard), F1 (75:25), F2 (50:50), F3 (25:75) from the ratio of bay leaf extract:guava juice.
Results: Sensory attributes consist of 17 attributes, namely appearance (particle aggregation size, viscosity, homogeneity), aroma (bay leaf, guava, sweet), texture (gritty, ease of spreading), taste (guava, sweet, sour, bay leaf), mouthfeel (gritty, jelly-like consistency, viscosity), aftertaste (astringent and bitter). The results of the one-way ANOVA analysis showed significant differences between the formula and the control product (p<0.05). Formula 1 and 3 not accepted by consumers because there are weaknesses, such as the inhomogeneous appearance and the strong aroma of bay leaf obtained the highest value in formula 1. In contrast, formula 3 has the highest value in astringent and bitter aftertaste, gritty texture and mouthfeel.
Conclusions: The selected treatment is formula two of jelly drink with a ratio of bay leaf water extract: guava juice = 50:50. A description like this will assist food technology in developing new products.
Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis with Tracheobronchial Involvement
Authors: Hermawan Yosua Kevin , Pranata Anak Agung Ngurah Satya , Putra Wayan Wahyu Semara , Sunaka I Wayan , Novitasari Novitasari , Angelina Cokorda Rio
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Aspergillosis is a fungal infection commonly found in human lungs and takes several forms. Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) commonly affects individuals with underlying disease, most usually lung tuberculosis (TB). Aspergillosis can cause the formation of a fungus ball in the lung cavity and can also manifest in the tracheobronchial area, although this is rarely seen in immunocompetent patients.
Case: A 23-year-old woman came with persistent cough, hemoptysis, and shortness of breath for 4 months. The patient also had a significant weight loss and a history of lung TB 3 years ago. She had completed her lung TB medication. Physical examination showed increased respiratory rate and rhonchi on the left lung. GeneXpert showed no Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) detected. The chest X-ray showed a cavity on the left superior lobe of the lung. Bronchoscopy showed multiple plaques along the trachea, carina, and left main bronchus. A chest computed tomography (CT) scan with contrast enhancement was performed, and a fungus ball was found inside the cavity in the left upper lobe of the lung. The patient was given intravenous fluconazole as therapy and continued with oral fluconazole when discharged. A second bronchoscopy was performed, and improvement was shown.
Conclusion: Early detection and treatment should be applied to CPA patients since some studies showed poor prognosis and low five-year survival rates.
AIRBORNE LASER SCANNER AS A DATA SOURCE FOR BUILDING SELECTED ELEMENTS OF AN INTELLIGENT DATABASE FOR TRANSPORTATION
Authors: SOLARZ Agnieszka , BOROWIEC Natalia
Published: October 2024

In this study, the main objective was to detect the road network and key road infrastructure elements based on airborne laser scanning data. The study included identification of the road network and determination of its axes using three independent methods, as well as detection of horizontal signs such as pedestrian crossings. The analysis process was based mainly on digital image processing methods, based solely on lidar data, without using information from other sources. The results of the analysis showed that the use of lidar data provides a fast and effective method for continuously updating information on road infrastructure and expanding the transportation database. This potentially opens the door to effectively updating relevant data in the area of transportation infrastructure.
DETERMINING THE OPTIMAL NUMBER OF STRETCH FILM LAYERS FOR ENSURING PALLETIZED CARGO STABILITY: A SIMULATION STUDY
Authors: MATYJA Tomasz
Published: October 2024

Numerical simulation tests were carried out to determine the influence of the characteristic features of a load unit (such as: weight, height, number of load layers, coefficient of friction between the layers) per number of wraps with stretch film necessary to ensure unit stability. Manufacturers of stretch film sometimes provide guidelines on how many layers of film should be used depending on the weight and height of the load. But they do not explain on the basis of which studies these values were determined. Performing simulations similar to those made in this work in laboratory conditions would be very expensive. The work attempts to determine such relationships by simulation methods. A developed by the author in his earlier works dynamic model of a layered cargo unit wrapped with stretch film was used. The study plan was to check 108 cases. On the basis of the collected data, an attempt was made to develop a mathematical formula that would allow to estimate the optimal number of foil wraps when certain parameters of the load unit are known. In the author's opinion such an estimate could reduce film consumption, which would have a positive impact on the environment.
THE NEXUS OF INDUCING DEVELOPMENT: MEASURE PATH DISCOURSES IN INDONESIA’S DYNAMIC LANDSCAPE
Authors: Sudibyo Ivan
Published: October 2024

The research objective underscores the importance of human capital, innovation, and research in fostering sustainable economic growth, with a focus on principal variables such as human capital development (measured by HDI), innovation and competitiveness (driven by FDI inflows), R&D expenditure, and employment dynamics. The research results reveals that FDI, R&D spending, and employment significantly impact TFP growth, with FDI inflows identified as a push driver of TFP growth by enhancing innovation and competitiveness. This research applies the research methodology ARDL model to delve into the factors that influence Total Factor Productivity (TFP), drawing on Romer’s theory of endogenous growth. The research results also highlight the role of R&D expenditure in boosting TFP, emphasizing the need for a supportive environment for research and innovation. The labor force is also found to contribute significantly to TFP. The research further explores the interaction between the labor force and R&D, suggesting the need for policies that support both workforce development and innovation for sustained prosperity. The study also incorporates the concept of employment elasticity with respect to growth as a measure of inclusive development. It concludes by advising stakeholders to prioritize the promotion of FDI inflows, entice R&D spending, and treatise labor force issues to enhance TFP growth and ensure long-term economic prosperity. This underscores the importance of stakeholders’ cooperation in leveraging investments for long-term economic prosperity.
Techos con vegetación o techos verdes: una estrategia para alcanzar la comodidad térmica y ahorrar energía eléctricaTechos con vegetación o techos verdes: una estrategia para alcanzar la comodidad térmica y ahorrar energía eléctrica
Authors: Tobias Salas Alfredo , Polo Labarrios Marco Antonio , Quezada García Sergio
Published: October 2024

La temperatura ambiente aumenta día con día en las grandes ciudades como consecuencia de las altas concentraciones de gases de efecto invernadero y las diversas fuentes de calor como: vehículos automotores, las industrias y los hogares. Las temperaturas elevadas causan una sensación de calor en las personas; lo cual, impacta negativamente su calidad de vida. Para solucionar esto se hace uso de equipos activos de acondicionamiento de aire; sin embargo, estos equipos demandan grandes cantidades de energía eléctrica. Una solución para alcanzar una sensación de comodidad térmica es la implementación de techos verdes en nuestras viviendas. En este trabajo se analiza, mediante simulación, el efecto térmico de un techo verde un una vivienda de Mexicali, Baja California. Los resultados muestran que el techo verde reduce la temperatura interior de la vivienda, nos acerca a las condiciones de comodidad térmica y representan un ahorro de energía por climatización en comparación con los techos convencionales.
Pobreza de aprendizajes: ¿Por qué es importante leer?
Authors: Pérez Garcés Ranulfo
Published: October 2024

Este trabajo analiza las consecuencias del bajo nivel de comprensión lectora entre los estudiantes de educación básica en México. Basándonos en los resultados de la prueba PISA en lectura, concluimos que el sistema educativo mexicano debería enfocarse más en desarrollar habilidades y capacidades en los estudiantes, en lugar de centrarse solo en las calificaciones. De no hacerlo, no solo se verá comprometido el rendimiento educativo de los alumnos, sino también su éxito futuro en el ámbito laboral.
CURRENT LITERATURE REVIEW ON IMAGE PROCESSING ANALYSIS FOR CONCRETE DAMAGE ASSESMENT
Authors: Usman Wijaya  , Yulianto Yogi , Haryanto Emon
Published: October 2024

Numerous studies have employed computer vision algorithms to analyze images of concrete damage. Therefore, conducting an image processing survey to detect concrete damage is very crucial. Thus, an image processing algorithm analysis survey to detect concrete damage was conducted using various algorithms and types of data from the last decade. The data observed were the first is damage to concrete, which included surface cracks, hairlines, crack width, patterns, holes, diagonal cracks, longitudinal cracks, and transverse cracks. The second part is figuring out where roads, bridges, and buildings are. The third is data sources like digital cameras, cameras built into phones, camera sensor systems, and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The study's findings indicate that image processing algorithms will play an essential role in future assessment research on the automation of concrete damage detection. This is particularly the case in high-risk regions for security reasons, and UAV technology is required to reach these locations.
An “Empty Place”? The Transformation of the Industrial Landscape in Contemporary Lithuania
Authors: Teleišė Aušra
Published: October 2024

By focusing on the changes to the industrial landscape that can be identified visually and within the materiality of the built environment, this paper discusses the transformation of the industrial landscape and its meaning that has been produced by the human agency that has emerged in damaged industrial places after the restoration of Lithuania’s independence and post-Soviet deindustrialisation. It shows that there is a sense of emptiness related to the ruination and abandonment of the industrial landscape in people’s experiences and memories of Soviet industrial districts. However, it is evident that such emptiness is a transitional stage that creates the conditions for the emergence of new beginnings. The paper reveals that the industrial districts today are active places in which various individual economic activities and economic structures have emerged. The research is based on the two Lithuanian former Soviet industrial cities of Alytus and Marijampolė.
Ecological and biological methods of formation of sustainable forest reclamation complexes in steppe and semi-desert landscapes of the european territory of Russia
Authors:   Federal Research Centre  for Agroecology, Kryuchkov Sergei , Solonkin Andrei ,   Federal Research Centre  for Agroecology, Solomentseva Alexandra ,   Federal Research Centre  for Agroecology, Egorov Sergei ,   Federal Research Centre  for Agroecology
Published: October 2024

The arid region of the European territory of Russia includes a zone of dry steppe (dark chestnut soils) and a semi-desert zone (light chestnut and brown soils). There is practically no woody natural vegetation in the region on elevations and plains, and on the prevailing complexes of zonal soils, forest plantations are characterized by low durability. Materials and methods. The work used the results of field (expedition) and laboratory studies of the growth, condition, durability, productivity of protective forest plantations of tree and shrub species in various soil and hydrological conditions of the dry-steppe and semi desert zones. Results and discussion. The author’s developments made it possible to recommend a reliable range of trees and shrubs for the creation of forest-reclamation plantations in each agroforestry area and soil ecological niche. It was revealed that when selecting the assortment, a significant role should be given to selection and genetic methods of using seed and planting material well adapted to local conditions (drought-, salt- and frost-resistant and healthy genotypes). The main reason for the early drying of protective plantations on complex light chestnut soils of the dry-steppe and semi-desert zones has been established. Taking into account the extremely arid conditions and the main causes of their drying, the concept of increasing their stability and effectiveness in adverse growing conditions is given. Agroforestry zoning and groups of soil forest suitability by type and classification, as well as groups of longevity of the main tree species are given. Conclusion. The large diversity of soils contributes to the formation of a stepped profile in adult cereals. Woody species shrink when their root system comes into contact with salt horizons. Ecological techniques are reduced to the correct selection of tree species that correspond to a specific ecological background. The technological use of differentiated agricultural cultivation techniques involves the use of moisture-saving technologies. Biological measures include biological reclamation of unsuitable soils and methods of breeding and genetic improvement of the qualitative composition of forest reclamation plantations. Suggestions for practical applications and directions for future research. The results of the work can be used by managers and specialists of forestry enterprises, researchers, graduate students, students of educational institutions. The assortment of trees and shrubs can be used in the design of plantings of various types on different soils.
A novel semi-supervised approach for semantic segmentation of aerial remote sensing images under limited ground-truth availability
Authors: Chakravorty Anisha , Chakraborty Shounak
Published: October 2024

Conventional semantic segmentation techniques rely heavily on the availability of substantial ground-truth data. However, this prerequisite often proves infeasible in real-world scenarios, particularly withthe labeling complexities inherent in remote sensing images. In this manuscript, a semi-supervisedapproach has been investigated towards semantic segmentation of remotely sensed images by address-ing the challenge of limited availability of ground-truth information. For this purpose, a hybridintegration of a standard semantic segmentation model and an adversarial model has been proposedunder semi-supervised setting. The former predict the masks for the unlabelled images when fine-tunedwith the available labelled training images (however limited they may be); whereas the latter aids thereconstruction of original input images from the predicted soft(masks) through an adversarial mecha-nism. This reconstruction, further validated through a reconstruction score, assist in the identificationof ‘most-confident’ image-mask pairs to be strategically integrated into the training set. The contri-bution ultimately is to utilise the unannotated images to meaningfully augment the limited trainingset to obtain an enhanced one. The proposed technique showcases a significant improvement, withan 11-34% enhancement over existing approaches in terms of mean intersection over union, precision,and F1-score across both the minifrance (MF) and dense labeling remote sensing dataset (DLRSD) datasets.
IoT and AI: A Panacea for Climate Change-Resilient Smart Agriculture
Authors: Nawaz Majid , Babar Muhammad Inayatullah Khan
Published: October 2024

The application of Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) for disaster preparedness and sustainable agriculture has been a topic of great interest lately. In the last few years, extreme weather swings due to climate change caused by global warming have caught the farming community off guard, especially in the developing world. One of the key objectives of smart agriculture is optimal use of freshwater, which has become an increasingly scarce resource around the world. Reference Evapotranspiration (ETo), an estimation of total flux of water evaporating from a reference surface is an important parameter for irrigation management. IoT & AI-based location-specific estimation of ETo for crop water requirements augments the decision-making process. In this work, we utilize the Hargeaves and Samani (H-S) model and six regression algorithms for the estimation of ETo. We create a location-specific dataset with locally sensed IoT data from a flood warning system and remotely sensed meteorological data, spanning over 5 years. We train and test Linear Regression (LR), Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), Radial Basis Function (RBF), Support Vector Regression (SVR), Bagging and Random Forest (RF) algorithms on the locally curated dataset with 20 basic, extracted, and derived attributes. We gradually reduce number of attributes in the dataset from 20 to 3 and compare performance of the six algorithms using Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Relative Absolute Error (RAE), Root Relative Squared Error (RRSE), Coefficient of Determination R2, Kendall Tau and Spearman Rho metrics. SVR shows superior performance with an MAE of 0.03 and an RMSE of 0.05, followed closely by MLP with an MAE of 0.04 and RMSE of 0.06 with a dataset of 12 attributes. The performance of Bagging and RF algorithms remains relatively unchanged with feature reduction whereas RBF shows slight improvement in performance when number of attributes is reduced to 3. Finally, we develop a novel ensemble hybrid model using the Stacked Generalization technique, which outperforms all individual models in prediction accuracy when using reduced-feature datasets. This work clearly delineates the performances of a diverse set of ML algorithms for feature-rich and feature-scarce scenarios and demonstrates the efficacy of our hybrid ensemble ML algorithm for estimating ETo under limited availability of data in resource-constrained environments.
Unveiling the connection: global warming and extreme weather in Southwest and East Asia
Authors: Moon Woosok
Published: October 2024

The recent surge in extreme summer weather events, such as severe heatwaves and flooding, in East Asian monsoon areas is widely attributed to the effects of global warming1,2. Numerous studies based on global climate models have confirmed a strong correlation between the rise in extreme precipitation and heatwaves in these areas and the ongoing trend of global warming3,4,5. However, while these studies provide valuable insights, they have yet to propose fluid-dynamical theories that could offer a deeper understanding and more reliable forecasts connecting global warming to summer extreme events. Here, we validate a theoretical concept6 suggesting that the decrease in background zonal wind leads to an intensification of planetary-scale atmospheric responses. This validation is based on idealized numerical simulations and reanalysis data. Specifically, the intensification of the North Pacific Subtropical High (NPSH) results in stronger lower-level southerly winds, transporting hot and moist air from low latitudes to high latitudes. Consequently, the strengthening of the NPSH creates favorable conditions for heavy rainfall in Southeast Asia and extreme heat events in Japan and Korea. Global warming exacerbates this phenomenon as high-latitude areas experience more warming compared to lower latitudes, causing a decrease in background zonal wind over the North Pacific Ocean. This reduction in wind speed can intensify the response of the planetary-scale atmosphere over the region. Therefore, the observed increase in extreme summer weather events in Asian Monsoon regions is likely closely linked to ongoing global warming.
Challenging AI+Camera Systems with Physical Adversarial Attacks
Authors: Wang Zheng , Wei Hui , Wang Zhixiang , Zhang Kewei , Hou Jiaqi , Liu Yuanwei , Jia Xuemei , Huang Meng , Hu Ruimin , Zheng Yinqiang , Tang Hao , Zhou Joey Tianyi
Published: October 2024

The integration of cameras and artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized various applications, yet the robustness of these systems against physical adversarial attacks remains underexplored. Existing adversarial strategies typically target single imaging devices, resulting in limited efficacy and stability across different camera systems. Here, we present a camera-agnostic physical adversarial attack framework designed to challenge AI+camera synergies. Our approach introduces a novel adversarial optimization framework that consists of an attack module and a defense module. The attack module optimizes perturbations to maximize their effectiveness, while the defense module adjusts the parameters of a camera ISP proxy to minimize the attack's impact. These modules interact in an adversarial game, enhancing the stability of attacks across multiple camera types. Through extensive experiments, we demonstrate the efficacy of our method in misleading AI-driven tasks across various hardware configurations, including two distinct cameras and four smartphones. This work advances the field of physical adversarial attacks by providing robust, real-world applicable techniques for undermining AI+camera systems.