bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Pilot Experiment on Infrasonic Lahar Detection at Mount Adams, Cascades: Ambient Infrasound and Wind-Noise Characterization at a Quiescent Stratovolcano
Authors: Sanderson Richard W. , Matoza Robin S. , Haymon Rachel M. , Steidl Jamison H.
Published: May 2021

Erosion, hydrothermal activity, and magmatism at volcanoes can cause large and unexpected mass wasting events. Large fluidized debris flows have occurred within the past 6000 yr at Mount Adams, Washington, and present a hazard to communities downstream. In August 2017, we began a pilot experiment to investigate the potential of infrasound arrays for detecting and tracking debris flows at Mount Adams. We deployed a telemetered four-element infrasound array (BEAR, 85 m aperture), ~11 km from a geologically unstable area where mass wasting has repeatedly originated. We present a preliminary analysis of BEAR data, representing a survey of the ambient infrasound and noise environment at this quiescent stratovolcano. Array processing reveals near continuous and persistent infrasound signals arriving from the direction of Mount Adams, which we hypothesize are fluvial sounds from the steep drainages on the southwest flank. We interpret observed fluctuations in the detectability of these signals as resulting from a combination of (1) wind-noise variations at the array, (2) changes in local infrasound propagation conditions associated with atmospheric boundary layer variability, and (3) changing water flow speeds and volumes in the channels due to freezing, thawing, and precipitation events. Suspected mass movement events during the study period are small (volumes <105  m3 and durations <2 min), with one of five visually confirmed events detected infrasonically at BEAR. We locate this small event, which satellite imagery suggests was a glacial avalanche, using three additional temporary arrays operating for five days in August 2018. Events large enough to threaten downstream communities would likely produce stronger infrasonic signals detectable at BEAR. In complement to recent literature demonstrating the potential for infrasonic detection of volcano mass movements (Allstadt et al., 2018), this study highlights the practical and computational challenges involved in identifying signals of interest in the expected noisy background environment of volcanic topography and drainages.
The Storfjorden, Svalbard, Earthquake Sequence 2008–2020: Transtensional Tectonics in an Arctic Intraplate Region
Authors: Ottemöller Lars , Kim Won-Young , Waldhauser Felix , Tjåland Norunn , Dallmann Winfried
Published: May 2021

An earthquake sequence in the Storfjorden offshore area southwest of Spitsbergen in the Svalbard archipelago initiated with a 21 February 2008 magnitude Mw 6.1 event. This area had previously not produced any significant earthquakes, but between 2008 and 2020, a total of ∼2800 earthquakes were detected, with ∼16 of them being of moderate size (ML≥4.0). Applying double-difference relocation to improve relative locations reveals that the activity is linked to several subparallel faults striking southwest–northeast that extend across the entire crust. The southwest–northeast trend is also found as a possible fault plane from regional moment tensor inversion. The solutions range from oblique normal in the center of the cluster to pure strike slip farther away and are consistent with the compressional σ1 axis roughly in the east–west direction and plunging 57°, and the extensional σ3 axis subhorizontal trending north–south. The mainshock fault is steeply dipping to the southeast, but several other faults appear to be near vertical. The existence of oblique, right-lateral strike-slip motion on southwest–northeast-trending faults with a normal component and pure normal faulting events in between suggests transtensional tectonics that in and around Storfjorden result in activation of a complex fault system.
Construction Risks Assessment in Latin American Megaprojects: A Fuzzy Challenge
Authors: Alberti Juan
Published: May 2021

A probabilistic approach is sometimes suggested to assess construction risks in megaprojects. This approach deals with the estimation of the likelihood and impact of risk factors, based on historical numeric data, and understands risks as estimated variances. The application of Fuzzy Set Theory (FST) minimizes the inherent imprecision, inconsistency, vagueness and uncertainty that linguistic information imposes, and thus give the greatest possible objectivity to an inherently subjective analysis. The objective of this document was to use FST to assess the construction risks of three megaprojects in Latin America and illustrate the relative importance of ill-defined risk factors in megaprojects of the region. The three cases studied were: Ferroanel Norte of So Paulo, Brazil; Central Railway of Uruguay; and Metro Line 1 of Bogotá, Colombia. The exercise here presented has allowed to list the most relevant construction risk factors for each case, and show the relative importance of ill-defined variables. Furthermore, it has helped to calculate the contribution of the following risk dimensions: social, technical, environmental, economic and political. On this basis, the document concludes on the usefulness of this approach for megaproject construction risk assessments.
La Diplomacia del acomodamiento, 1821-1857: Colombia frente a Gran Bretaña
Authors: Ghotme Ghotme Rafat Ahmed
Published: May 2021

El segundo volumen de esta colección tiene como propósito describir y explicar la naturaleza de las relaciones de Colombia con Gran Bretaña, elaborando para ello un marco teórico-conceptual que busca llenar no solo un vacío historiográfico y conceptual en la Historia de Colombia, sino estructurar los distintos acontecimientos diplomáticos que experimentaron las dos naciones en sus interacciones mutuas. Como se demostrará, la relación oficial que surgió en 1825 no fue una relación entre naciones soberanas; en lugar de ello, surgió una configuración jerárquica que reflejaba diversos tipos de subordinación a los intereses geopolíticos y comerciales de Gran Bretaña, que las élites colombianas/neogranadinas intentaron ajustar o resistir a lo largo de tres décadas. Al despuntar la década de 1830, las élites neogranadinas quisieron revertir ese legado y lograr una posición más soberana; sin embargo, si bien de vez en cuando lograron moldear el resultado a su favor, la debilidad estructural y los distintos tipos de presiones coercitivas obstaculizaron o refrenaron sus aspiraciones. Esto se puede palpar en los distintos episodios en los que las dos naciones se enfrentaron o trataron de armonizar sus intereses: la cuestión de la deuda y la diplomacia de cañoneras, la idea de un protectorado, las relaciones comerciales y la cuestión mosquitia, entre otros.
Sustainability and Corporate Social Responsibility in accounting
Authors: Dečman Nikolina , Remlein Marzena , Rep Ana
Published: May 2021

The term sustainable development is understood as such socio-economic development in which the process of integrating political, economic and social activities takes place, while maintain-ing natural balance and the durability of basic natural processes, in order to ensure the possibility of satisfying the basic needs of individual communities or citizens of both the modern generation, and future generations. Sustainable development has three dimensions: ecological, economic and social. A consequence of the growing importance of social and ecological aspects of business operations is the increased interest and requirements for reporting, understood as a set of reports containing both financial and non-financial information. This chapter covers the concept of sustainable development, CSR and explains the role, goals and challenges of social responsibility accounting.CSR reporting has become some kind of a trend in non-financial reporting. Many large interna-tional companies make great efforts to prepare CSR reports in order to transparently communicate with their stakeholders as well as strive to achieve established social and environmental goals. CSR covers different aspects of business, with, among other things, environmental issues being highlighted. The importance of green accounting has been recognized globally where the adoption of the 2014/95/EU Directive has just further raised awareness of the importance of reporting on the environment and environmental activities. This chapter covers the basic concept and development phases of sustainable and environmental accounting, explains the role of green accounting in modern business conditions and discusses the benefits and opportunities it provides to interested users.
Social responsibility reporting standards
Authors: Rep Ana , Dečman Nikolina
Published: May 2021

It is well known that today, in addition to already established financial reporting, multi-national companies are paying more and more attention to non-financial reporting on social, eco-nomic, environmental and governmental issues. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) reporting is still predominantly voluntary, and it is not standardized. However, there are various international organizations which have been developing frameworks and voluntary standards for non-financial reporting. Those organizations have been putting a sizable amount of effort, time, and knowledge in order to offer some specific solutions to interested organizations preparing CSR reports. Pro-posed standards, guidelines, and frameworks serve as tools for simplifying CSR reporting. In that sense, the most important providers of sustainability reporting guidance, such as GRI, OECD, United Nations Global Compact, International Organization for Standardization, certainly stand out. A significant contribution to promoting the importance of sustainability reporting was also made by the Non-Financial Reporting Directive (2014/95/EU) which obliged large public interest companies with over 500 employees to disclose certain non-financial information. According to the analysis of the content and scope of the most important frameworks and standards of sustain-ability reporting, it can be confirmed that they have certainly contributed to improving the quality of non-financial reporting.
Diatoms of the Northeastern Gulf of Mexico: Light and Electron Microscope Observations of Sulcatonitzschia, a new Genus of Nitzschioid Diatoms (Bacillariales: Bacillariaceae) with a Transverse Sulcus
Authors: Nienow James , Prasad Akshinthala
Published: May 2021

During a systematic investigation of phytoplankton assemblages in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico (GOM) in the aftermath of the Deepwater Horizon blowout we encountered a population of diatoms morphologically similar to Nitzschia ossiformis (Taylor) Simonsen located about 75 km offshore and concentrated at a depth of 60—120 meters. The density of individuals in the population was sufficient to make detailed observations using light and electron microscopy. Our specimens were frequently united into short ribbon—like colonies. This, plus features of the fine structure of valve (biseriate striae, raphe canal without pores and flush with the valve surface) suggest the GOM population is more closely related to Fragilariopsis than to Nitzschia sensu stricto. The presence of a unique feature, described here for the first time, a transverse sulcus in the exterior surface of one of the poles, coupled with the characteristic shape of the valve, suggest our taxon cannot be accommodated in Fragilariopsis, or any other genus hitherto known within the family Bacillariaceae. We, therefore, propose a new genus, Sulcatonitzschia for this diatom and any other nitzschioid diatom with a transverse sulcus, with a new species, Sulcatonitzschia novossiformis as the generitype. Published descriptions suggest that some populations identified as Nitzschia ossiformis may be conspecific with S. novossiformis, but the type of N. ossiformis as delineated by Taylor is not. Examination of the fine structure of the valves is necessary to resolve these relationships.
ANAPLASMOSIS IN KINTAMANI CROSSBREED DOG: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Tahlia Ninis Arsyi , Suartha I Nyoman , Soma I Gede
Published: May 2021

Anaplasmosis is a disease in dogs caused by gram-negative intracellular microorganisms belonging to the Anaplasmataceae family. A 1 year old Kintamani mix dog was examined at the Veterinary Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University with complaints; itching, tick infestation, weakness, decreased feeding and erythema throughout the dog's body. Clinical examination results show pale mucous membranes in the mouth, weak dogs, Riphicephalus tick infestation of the skin. Routine haematological examination revealed hyperchromic normocytic anemia and thrombocytopenia. Positive blood smear examination found Anaplasma spp. The therapy given is in the form of causative, symptomatic and supportive therapy. Causative therapy was given doxycycline dose 10 mg / kg BW given orally for 28 days, ivermectin dose 0.2-0.3 mg / kg BW, subcutaneously once a week for three weeks, symptomatic therapy with vetadryl dose 1-5 mg / kg BW, subcutaneosly once a week for three weeks, while supportive therapy was given by giving vitamin Livron b-plex once a day for 10 days. Treatment with doxycycline, ivermectin, vetadryl and livron b-plex gave good results in case dogs in terms of animal activity, hair growth, good appetite and free animals from ticks.
Covid-19, Conflict, and Governance Evidence Summary No.30
Authors: Herbert Sian
Published: May 2021

This fortnightly Covid-19 (C19), Conflict, and Governance Evidence Summary aims to signpost the UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO) and other UK government departments to the latest evidence and opinions on C19, to inform and support their responses. Based on the feedback given in a recent survey, and analysis by the Xcept project, this summary is now focussing more on C19 policy responses. This summary features resources on: how youth empowerment programmes have reduced violence against girls during C19 (in Bolivia); why we need to embrace incertitude in disease preparedness responses; and how Latin American countries have been addressing widening gender inequality during C19. It also includes papers on other important themes: the role of female leadership during C19; and understanding policy responses in Africa to C19 The summary uses two main sections – (1) literature: – this includes policy papers, academic articles, and long-form articles that go deeper than the typical blog; and (2) blogs & news articles. It is the result of one day of work, and is thus indicative but not comprehensive of all issues or publications.
ADDRESSING DISTRIBUTIONAL SHORTCOMINGS THROUGH CITΙZEN SCIENCE RECORDS: THE PRESENCE OF HERMETIA ILLUCENS (LINNAEUS, 1758) (DIPTERA STRATIOMYIDAE) IN ALGERIA
Authors: KOUTSOUKOS EVANGELOS , KAZILAS CHRISTOS
Published: May 2021

The black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens (Linnaeus, 1758) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) is a polysaprophagous species originating from the Nearctic, that has been introduced to various countries throughout the world over the past decades. Even though, the fly has been recorded in several parts of the Mediterranean region and southern Africa, to this day its presence from northern Africa is only known from Morocco. The current study provides the first record of the black soldier fly from Algeria, based on photographic material and supplementing data which were extracted from citizen science observations. The provided material depicts the range expansion of the species throughout the coastal area of the country and provides new insight on the current distribution of the insect in the Mediterranean region, as well as in the continent of Africa. In addition, hypotheses on the possible introduction routes of the black soldier fly in the southwestern Mediterranean region are briefly discussed
Aussenhandelsstruktur der Aplen-Adria Länder (Fallstudien: Österreich, Italien, Slowenien, Kroatien)
Authors: Zafarpour Schapour , Bobek Vito
Published: May 2021

Die Bedeutung der Wettbewerbsfähigkeit wird durch eine “constant market share”-Analyse des Exports verdeutlicht; sie zerlegt die Veränderung im Weltmarktanteil eines Landes in einen Güter- und Regional-”Markt”-Effekt, sowie einen “Marktanteils”-Effekt. Gemäß dieser Analyse können für jede beliebige Periode drei Faktoren für die Veränderung des Marktanteils eines Landes am Weltimport unterschieden werden (wobei alle Daten zu laufenden Preisen ausgedrückt sind): • Regionaler Markteffekt: Gemessen als die Differenz zwischen dem Wachstum des Welthandels und jenem Welthandelswachstum, das nach der Regional Struktur des Exports des betreffenden Landes gewichtet ist; es zeigt, in welchem Maß der Export eines Landes auf relativ wachstumsstarke bzw. wachstumsschwache Märkte konzentriert ist. • Warenstruktur-Markteffekt: Gemessen als Differenz zwischen dem Wachstum des Welthandels und jenem Welthandelswachstum, das mit der Warenstruktur des Exports des betreffenden Landes gewuchtet ist; es zeigt, in welchem Maße der Export eines Landes auf Wachstumsrate bzw. wachstumsschwache Güter konzentriert ist. • Residualer (Marktanteils)-Effekt: Berechnet als Residuum; er gibt die Möglichkeit eines Landes an, seinen Marktanteil durch Wettbewerbsfaktoren wie Qualität, Preis, Marketing etc. aufrechtzuerhalten, enthält aber auch andere nicht marktbestimmte Faktoren wie Handelsdiskriminierung oder externe Schocks.
Marketing-Informationssystem des Tourismus
Authors: Gučik Marian
Published: May 2021

Das Marketing-Informationssystem des Tourismus hat einen spezifischen querschnittsbezogenen Charakter, und involiert verschiedenartige Zweige. Bei seiner Gestaltung müssen wir aus dem Informationsfluss des Tourismus ausgehen sowie auch aus der Nachfrage nach dem Tourismus. Dieses System soll das Treffen von Entscheidungen dreien Benutzergruppen erleichtern, dies sind - die Verwaltungs- und Selbstverwaltungsorgane, die Unternehmer und die Tourismusteilnehmer und das auf vier Ebenen - im Betrieb, im Tourismuszentrum (Stadt, Gemeinde), in der Region und auf der Ebene des Staates als Tourimusziel. Es ist unerlässich die Datei, die das Marketing-Informationssystem bildet, regelmässig zu aktualisieren und den Bedürfnissen der Benutzer des Systems anzupassen. Die Erfüllung dieser Ziele ermöglicht die Datenbank.
Childhood: a device of governmentality of the child body
Authors: Rodrigues Aurea Maria Pires
Published: May 2021

This work aimed to problematize the production of the object childhood as a governmentality device, gradually reconfigured in disciplinary society, biopolitics, as Foucault (1979) says, and in the society of control, as explained by Deleuze (1990) and Lazzari (2008). To do so, we used the cartographic method, which points out that, following legal procedures, we research and intervene, intending to produce other realities, seeking to break with the logic of capture established, we will follow the practices of a psychologist in a Specialized Reference Center of Social Assistance (CREAS), which works with children and adolescents victims of rights violations. Pointing out how the production of a literature of Education, at the same time as its production as a field of knowledge, it produced a certain mode of action and a certain subjective profile of childhood, affecting another relationship between families and the Modern State through public policies.
Identification of a Novel Genetic Marker for Risk of Degenerative Rotator Cuff Disease Surgery in the UK Biobank
Authors: Yanik Elizabeth L. , Keener Jay D. , Lin Shiow J. , Colditz Graham A. , Wright Rick W. , Evanoff Bradley A. , Jain Nitin B. , Saccone Nancy L.
Published: May 2021

Background:

While evidence indicates that familial predisposition influences the risk of developing degenerative rotator cuff disease (RCD), knowledge of specific genetic markers is limited. We conducted a genome-wide association study of RCD surgery using the UK Biobank, a prospective cohort of 500,000 people (40 to 69 years of age at enrollment) with genotype data.

Methods:

Cases with surgery for degenerative RCD were identified using linked hospital records. The cases were defined as an International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) code of M75.1 determined by a trauma/orthopaedic specialist and surgery consistent with RCD treatment. Cases were excluded if a diagnosis of traumatic injury had been made during the same hospital visit. For each case, up to 5 controls matched by age, sex, and follow-up time were chosen from the UK Biobank. Analyses were limited to European-ancestry individuals who were not third-degree or closer relations. We used logistic regression to test for genetic association of 674,405 typed and >10 million imputed markers, after adjusting for age, sex, population principal components, and follow-up.

Results:

We identified 2,917 RCD surgery cases and 14,158 matched controls. We observed 1 genome-wide significant signal (p < 5 × 10−8) for a novel locus tagged by rs2237352 in the CREB5 gene on chromosome 7 (odds ratio [OR] = 1.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.11 to 1.24). The single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2237352 was imputed with a high degree of confidence (info score = 0.9847) and is common, with a minor allele frequency of 47%. After expanding the control sample to include additional unmatched non-cases, rs2237352 and another SNP in the CREB5 gene, rs12700903, were genome-wide significant. We did not detect genome-wide significant signals at loci associated with RCD in previous studies.

Conclusions:

We identified a novel association between a variant in the CREB5 gene and RCD surgery. Validation of this finding in studies with imaging data to confirm diagnoses will be an important next step.

Clinical Relevance:

Identification of genetic RCD susceptibility markers can guide understanding of biological processes in rotator cuff degeneration and help inform disease risk in the clinical setting.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Eficacia de los ejercicios acuáticos en personas con artritis reumatoide y osteoartritis: una revisión sistemática
Authors:   Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, González Berruga Antonio José , Jiménez Andreu Santiago , Morell Gregori Andreu
Published: May 2021

Antecedentes El ejercicio acuático es potencialmente beneficioso para los pacientes con artritis reumatoide y osteoartritis, por lo que una revisión sistemática de la literatura es fundamental para aclarar el papel del ejercicio acuático terapéutico en el manejo de la AR y OA. Objetivos: Analizar sistemáticamente la evidencia disponible en la literatura sobre la efectividad del ejercicio acuático en personas con artritis reumatoide y osteoartritis. Método: Se realizó una búsqueda amplia en 4 bases de datos (Medline, Pubmed, ResearchGate y Embase), en la cual se obtuvo una muestra inicial de 14 artículos de los cuales se obtuvo una muestra final de 8 artículos. Los criterios de selección fueron que el tipo de diseño del estudio fuera un ECA, que los participantes tuvieran artritis reumatoide u osteoartritis aceptando el ejercicio acuático terapéutico y que las publicaciones fueran en inglés. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron mejoras tanto en funcionalidad, alivio del dolor como en calidad de vida en personas con AR y OA, además de un aumento de fuerza muscular en sujetos con OA. Conclusiones: El ejercicio acuático puede reducir significativamente el dolor y aumentar la función física en pacientes con OA y AR. Se necesitan más investigaciones de alta calidad a mayor escala para confirmar los resultados.
As memórias e a instabilidade genérica: considerações acerca dos diferentes modos de inserção do tempo no processo constitutivo de memórias de professoras
Authors: Cális Orasir Guiherme Teche
Published: May 2021

Partindo do famoso postulado de Bakhtin (2003), segundo o qual os gêneros do discurso são “tipos relativamente estáveis de enunciado” (BAKHTIN, 2003, p. 262), este artigo procura mostrar, a partir das ocorrências da palavra tempo, em um conjunto de textos memorialísticos produzidos por professoras-alfabetizadoras, de que modo se encontra inscrita nessa mesma definição, como outra face de uma mesma moeda, a percepção dos gêneros discursivos como sendo também constitutivamente instáveis, isto é, marcados muito mais pela abertura do que pelo fechamento de suas fronteiras. Isso se deve às diferentes formas de apropriação e condições de produção de um dado gênero, bem como às diferentes formas de diálogo que o(a) escrevente estabelece com outros gêneros discursivos, mas também em função de uma particularidade do gênero em questão: o diálogo estabelecido entre o presente e o passado.
Explorando o paradigma verbal latino: itens de vocabulário e operações morfológicas
Authors: Gonçalves Lydsson Agostinho , Armelin Paula Roberta Gabbai
Published: May 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever formalmente os itens que compõem parte do paradigma verbal latino (presente, pretérito imperfeito, futuro, pretérito perfeito, pretérito mais-que-perfeito e futuro perfeito da primeira e segunda conjugações na voz ativa) sob o quadro teórico da Morfologia Distribuída (HALLE; MARANTZ, 1993; MARANTZ, 1997), um modelo de formação sintática de palavras no qual a informação fonológica é dissociada da (morfo)sintática. Essa divisão de propriedades reduz a necessidade de duplicar entradas em casos de alomorfia, abrindo muitas possibilidades de análise para o latim, uma língua repleta de ocorrências do fenômeno. A análise combina aspectos de trabalhos anteriores desenvolvidos por Aronoff (1994) e Embick (2000, 2010, 2015) para o latim e por Calabrese (2012) para o italiano, incorporando uma variedade de operações morfológicas para descrever os itens de vocabulário dos verbos.
Princípios metodológicos para a detecção de neologismos da comunicação digital
Authors: Jesus Ana Maria Ribeiro de
Published: May 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é descrever alguns princípios metodológicos para a coleta e validação de neologismos da comunicação digital e, paralelamente, discutir os possíveis rumos a que o mundo digital conduz esses princípios. Com base nos estudos de Alves (2012), Cabré (2016), Auger (2010), Estopà (2015), Rey (1976), dentre outros, são apresentadas, inicialmente, as fases tradicionais do trabalho neológico e os principais critérios estabelecidos para a validação de neologismos. Abordamos, então, algumas limitações desses critérios, seguidas de propostas metodológicas que podem se somar a eles. Por fim, sintetizamos os passos metodológicos adotados na detecção das unidades lexicais neológicas de nossa pesquisa (dentre elas: corongavírus, biscoitar, fígital, infoxicação, lacrosfera e quarentener), enfatizando os critérios que se mostraram funcionais em sua coleta e validação.
Das orientações oficiais às práticas instauradas em escolas municipais do Rio de Janeiro: uma investigação sobre o ensino do componente linguístico/gramatical
Authors: Durval Luiz Felipe da Silva
Published: May 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivos: (i) investigar o ensino do componente gramatical, considerando a variação linguística e a relação gramática-texto no material proposto para o ensino fundamental da rede pública municipal do Rio de Janeiro; e (ii) contrastar os dados levantados nesse material com os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (PCN) e com as diretrizes municipais para o ensino (RIO DE JANEIRO, 2013, 2016). Toda a investigação se desenvolveu em observação à proposta de ensino de gramática em três eixos, conforme Vieira (2014, 2017, 2018). O objetivo geral do trabalho é informar sobre as práticas pedagógicas vigentes, práticas essas pensadas a partir dos PCN. Isso se justifica, pois, para se propor estratégias didáticas produtivas para o trabalho com o componente linguístico, é preciso ter conhecimento das orientações curriculares e da abordagem que se tem praticado. Os resultados aqui apresentados integram parcialmente nosso trabalho monográfico.
Discurso delirante na esquizofrenia e o efeito de estranhamento
Authors: Gati João Pedro Souza
Published: May 2021

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o delírio, juízos falsos que têm origem patológica (JASPERS, 1968), através de sua manifestação discursiva, materializada na forma de enunciados ou narrativas. Dessa forma, apresentaremos a questão através de discussões teóricas e análise de dados obtidos por entrevista com um sujeito diagnosticado com esquizofrenia, que ilustra o discurso delirante. A pesquisa, de natureza qualitativa (DAMICO, 1999), é subsidiada pelo paradigma microgenético de análise (GÓES, 2000). Os resultados mostram que o discurso delirante se constitui como um fenômeno que altera a relação que o sujeito estabelece entre os signos, os seus sentidos e as referências, de modo que haja a violação de princípios semânticos e pragmáticos, o que torna esse discurso algo considerado bizarro e inverossímil ou, como nos referimos no trabalho, cause no interlocutor o chamado efeito de estranhamento (GATI, 2017).
Percursos de letramentos nos eventos e nas práticas de letramento acadêmico de estudantes escritores inexperientes no curso de Letras Português
Authors: Sousa José Hipólito Ximenes de
Published: May 2021

Neste artigo, temos por objetivo identificar quais habilidades e dificuldades são apresentadas por estudantes escritores inexperientes do curso de Letras Português da Universidade Estadual do Ceará. Baseamo-nos teoricamente nos estudos de Street (1984), de Lea e Street (1998), de Lillis e Scott (2007) sobre as práticas de letramento acadêmico e nos estudos de Hyland (2000), de Lillis (2003), de Carlino (2005) de Motta-Roth; Hendges (2010) dentre outros que tratam do ensino de escrita acadêmica. O método é um estudo de caso exploratório com 12 alunos do curso de Letras Português que participaram de entrevistas semiestruturadas. A análise dos dados e os resultados nos levam a uma reflexão sobre a necessidade de alguns ajustes no processo de ensino aprendizagem da escrita acadêmica nos eventos e nas práticas de letramento, principalmente, a partir de três eixos: o institucional, o curricular e o metodológico.
Protocol for examining and eliminating base editor-induced genome-wide and transcriptome-wide off-target mutations
Authors: Wang Lijie , Xue Wei , Zhang Hongxia , Gao Runze , Qiu Houyuan , Wei Jia , Zhou Lina , Lei Yun-Ni , Wu Xiaocheng , Li Xiao , Liu Chengfang , Wu Jing , Chen Qiubing , Ma Hanhui , Huang Xingxu , Cai Cheguo , Zhang Ying , Yang Bei , Yin Hao , Yang Li , Chen Jia
Published: May 2021

Fusion of CRISPR-Cas9 with cytidine deaminases leads to base editors (BEs) for programmable C-to-T editing, which holds potentials in clinical applications but suffers from off-target (OT) mutations. Here, we applied a cleavable deoxycytidine deaminase inhibitor (dCDI) domain to construct a transformer BE (tBE) system that induces efficient editing with only background levels of genome-wide and transcriptome-wide OT mutations. This step-by-step protocol describes the plasmid construction of tBE system, determination of genome/transcriptome-wide OT mutations and tBE-mediated base editing in vivo.
Reverse complementary matches simultaneously promote both back-splicing and exon-skipping
Authors: Cao Dong
Published: May 2021

Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play diverse roles in different biological and physiological environments and are always expressed in a tissue-specific manner. Especially, circRNAs are enriched in the brain tissues of almost all investigated species, including humans, mice, Drosophila, etc. Although circRNAs were found in C. elegans, the neuron-specific circRNA data is not available yet. Exon-skipping is found to be correlated to circRNA formation, but the mechanisms that link them together are not clear.Results: Here, through large-scale neuron isolation from the first larval (L1) stage of C. elegans followed by RNA sequencing with ribosomal RNA depletion, the first neuronal circRNA data in C. elegans were obtained. Hundreds of novel circRNAs were annotated with high accuracy. circRNAs were highly expressed in the neurons of C. elegans and were positively correlated to the levels of their cognate linear mRNAs. Disruption of RCMs in circRNA flanking introns effectively abolished circRNA formation. In the zip-2 gene, deletion of either upstream or downstream RCMs almost eliminated the production of both the circular and the skipped transcript. Interestingly, the 13-nt RCM in zip-2 is highly conserved across five nematode ortholog genes, which show conserved exon-skipping patterns. Finally, through in vivo one-by-one mutagenesis of all the splicing sites and branch points required for exon-skipping and back-splicing in the zip-2 gene, I showed that back-splicing still happened without exon-skipping, and vice versa.Conclusions: For the first time, total RNA obtained from sorted neurons is increased to hundreds of nanograms. circRNAs highly expressed in the neurons of C. elegans are likely derived from neuronal genes. RCMs are abundant in circRNA flanking introns, and RCM-deletion is an efficient way to knockout circRNAs. More importantly, these RCMs are not only required for back-splicing but also promote the skipping of exon(s) to be circularized. Finally, RCMs in circRNA flanking introns can directly promote both exon-skipping and back-splicing, providing a new explanation for the correlation between them.
Unprecedented decline of Arctic sea ice outflow in 2018
Authors: Sumata Hiroshi , de Steur Laura , Gerland Sebastian , Divine Dmitry , Pavlova Olga
Published: May 2021

Fram Strait is the major gateway connecting the Arctic Ocean and North Atlantic Ocean, where nearly 90% of the sea ice export from the Arctic Ocean takes place. The exported sea ice is a large source of freshwater to the Nordic Seas and Subpolar North Atlantic, thereby preconditioning European climate and deep water formation in the downstream North Atlantic Ocean. Here we show that in 2018, the ice export through Fram Strait showed an unprecedented decline since the early 1990s. The 2018 ice export was reduced to less than 40% relative to that between 2000 and 2017, and amounted to just 25% of the 1990s. The minimum export was attributed to regional sea ice-ocean processes driven by an anomalous atmospheric circulation over the Atlantic sector of the Arctic. The anomalous circulation caused a stagnation of southward sea ice drift, causing a sudden drop of sea ice thickness north of the Fram Strait due to local heat supply from the ocean. The result indicates that a drastic change of the freshwater cycle and its environmental consequences happen not only through ongoing Arctic-wide ice thinning, but also by regional scale atmospheric anomalies in the Atlantic sector on annual timescales.
An integrated multi-omics study to identify dynamic molecular alterations associated with acute brain injury
Authors: Yin Shigang , Jiang Yong , Peng Jianhua , He Yijing , Pang Jinwei , Dipritu Ghosh , Gu Long , Xie Yuke , Guo Kecheng , Bao Zheng , Zhang Xianhui , Tao Qianke , Qiu Xiancheng , Mu Qiancheng , Tu Tianqi , Wang Zhaoyang , Liao Yuyan , Zhang Yuxuan , Zhang Lihan , Zhang Jiaqi , Rao Xiao , Li Chaojie , Lu Peng , Kuang Chenghao , Zhou Jian , Kong Xi , Zhang Jinyue , Huang An , Wu Yuanyuan , Zhang Lifang
Published: May 2021

In response to acute brain injury (ABI) threats, neuroimmune cells rapidly transition from a quiescent into an activated state, but the dynamic molecular alterations are partially understood. Here, we integrated the dynamics of multi-omics datasets in four ABI mice models. Transcriptomics revealed diversification of thermogenesis, synaptic, and neuroinflammatory genes for ABI at the early phase (12H). Transcriptomics and proteomics combined analysis singled out 15 co-variation risk genes for ABIs. Besides, lipid metabolite alteration reflected a discrepancy between permanent ischemic brain injuries and transient ischemic brain injuries at the middle phase (24H). Together, our data elucidate a potential therapeutic resource for ABIs.
Simulation Experiments of Distillers of Han Dynasty
Authors: Yao Zhihui , Su Haitong
Published: May 2021

One set of implements was unearthed from Haihunhou Tomb and Zhangjiabao Tomb respectively. It is speculated that they may be ancient stills. In order to verify their distillation properties and efficiency,We make two imitations referring to the two unearthed sleeves and simulation experiments were conducted on distilled spirits and distilled flower dew. The distillated product is analyzed with the help of alcoholometer and GC-MS. The results showed that the distillers could produce higher degree of liquor and extract flower dew effectively. The distillation effect of unearthed objects is better than that of imitations. They were undoubtedly distillers with good distillation effect. The properties of two stills of Han Dynasty were confirmed by the simulation experiment.
The Studies to correlation between gut microbiota diversity and functional erectile dysfunction
Authors: Geng Qiang , Chen Shaofeng , Sun Yuan , Zhao Yu , Li Zhong , Wang Fu , Yu Guojin , Yan Xiuchuan , Guo Jun
Published: May 2021

Objective: To analyze the distribution of gut microbiota in the ED patients, and explore the relationship between the diversity of gut microbiota and psychogenic erectile dysfunction. Methods: 30 cases of patients with erectile dysfunction (ED) and 30 healthy persons (healthy donor, HD) stool specimen were collected, using Illumina's Miseq platform samples V3-V4 region sequences bacterial 16SrRNA gene Paired end (PE) 300 sequencing, sequencing results were analyzed differences in species composition and diversity. Analysis contains five modules: sequencing data quality control, OTU species clustering and annotation, alpha diversity, beta diversity and the use of T-test and the analysis of the LEfSe differences. Results: 1. The flora diversity in the group of ED than HD significantly different (P<0.01), ED group has a low bacterial diversity. 2. Between ED group and HD group, abundant bacteria (TOPlO) and core flora (90%) had no significant difference in the genus level; all bacteria flora (>1%) display, Alloprevotella groups genus presents differences, Alloprevotella only be identified in the HD group. 3. ED and HD groups present in well separated PCoA analysis, having a significant difference in the two kinds of microflora. 4.T-test shows six species were significantly different, in the ED group, Streptococcus and Subdoligranulum were increasing, and Prevotella, Prevotella sp.9, Blautia, Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 groups and Roseburia were decreasing. 5.LEfSe analysis revealed 24 species were significantly different between ED and HD groups. Conclusion: Gene sequencing was performed on the two groups of specimens and finding that microbial community structure and diversity had significant difference, suggesting that ED have low gut microbiota diversity.
Effect of Neuromuscular electrical stimulation on postoperative complications after artificial abortion ---A retrospective study
Authors: SHU JUNJUN , Lin Shixin , Wu Yu , Wang Xiaojiao , Zhu Hong , Gao Jun
Published: May 2021

Background: The complications after induced abortion are the important factors that endanger female reproductive health. The effective prevention way of postoperative complications after induced abortion and protection of female reproductive tract health is now a hot issue. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on postoperative complications after artificial abortion.Methods: A total of 148 patients were randomized into 2 groups in this study. 76 patients were assigned into a treatment group which also called group A, and underwent NMES therapy, while 72 women were assigned into a controlled team named group B. The duration of postoperative uterine contraction pain, the amount and duration of postoperative vaginal bleeding, the endometrial thickness on the 14th and 21st day after the operation, the time of postoperative menstruation recovery, and the incidence of intrauterine adhesion on the 1st and 3rd month after operation were compared and observed.Results: Compared with group B, in group A, The duration of postoperative uterine contraction pain was significantly shorter(P<0.001); The amount and duration of postoperative vaginal bleeding were less after treatment by the NMES (P=.016); There was no significant difference in endometrial thickness on the 14th day after the operation(P=.05), Whereas it was thicker in the observation group than in the control group on the 21st day(P=.01); The menstruation recovery time was shorter after treatment (P=.017); The incidence of intrauterine adhesions was significantly lower at the third months after operation (P=.03)while at the first month, there is no difference(p>0.99).Conclusion: Neuromuscular Electrical stimulation therapy is effective for improving patients with postoperative complications after artificial abortion.
The relative risk of the toxico-clinical parameters based on poisoning severity and outcomes in patients with acute poisoning
Authors: Eizadi-Mood Nastaran , Heshmat Rasol , Meamar Rokhsareh , Motamedi Narges
Published: May 2021

Background: Identification of complications or death risk factors in patients with acute poisoning allows better monitoring and treatment. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine the relative risk of toxico-clinical parameters based on poisoning severity and outcomes in patients with acute poisoning. Methods: This cross-sectional study consisted of patients with acute poisoning admitted to the poisoning emergency room from 2018 to 2019. Patients were categorized into four groups minor, moderate, severe, and fatal poisoning. Different toxico-clinical parameters were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. Results: The most common poisoning in the minor group was opioids, alcohols, and benzodiazepine (14.7%), in the moderate and severe groups was multidrug (23.3%) and in the fatal group pesticides poisoning (23%). Pre-hospital antidote administration (OR, 7.08; P-value, 0.006); low level of consciousness (OR, 4.38; P-value, 0.001); abnormal ECG (OR, 4.56; P-value, 0.003); and time interval of intoxication to admission in the hospital (OR, 1.15; P-value, 0.01) were the predictive factors for poisoning severity. 49.7% of patients recovered without any complications. Patients with low level of consciousness (OR, 66.06; P-value, 0.01); underlying disease (OR, 3.65; P-value, 0.03); abnormal respiration (OR, 1.14; P-value, 0.02); and longer duration of hospitalization (OR, 1.02; P-value, 0.001) had greater risk of complications/ Death. Conclusions: In clinical practice, low level of consciousness, pre-hospital antidote administration, abnormal ECG, underlying disease, abnormal respiration, delay to presentation to hospital, and longer length of hospital stay can be considered important factors for determining poisoning severity and outcome.
Optimizing Reduction of Groundwater Discharge to Control Land Subsidence (Case study: Nadjafabad Aquifer)
Authors: moghaddam hamid Kardan , kivi Zahra Rahimzadeh , Javadi Fatemeh , Heydari Mohammad
Published: May 2021

This study evaluates and predicts the ground subsidence that happens due to the haphazard operation of groundwater resources. Also, several strategies have been developed to control this unpleasant phenomenon. For this purpose, groundwater flow simulation has been conducted using MODFLOW numerical model, and subsidence simulation in Najafabad plain has been done using SUB package under three climatic scenarios for future periods. Examination of the simulation results shows that the amount of land subsidence will increase with the aquifer operation's continuation. The maximum amount of subsidence for 6 years in drought conditions will be 23 cm at the aquifer's outlet. According to the land subsidence results at the aquifer, risk zoning of the aquifer operation was done to develop a solution to reduce the withdrawal of groundwater resources to control subsidence. Therefore, risk zoning was performed using land use and the extent of operation of groundwater resources. The results showed that the north-eastern part of the aquifer has the maximum risk of subsidence. According to the obtained results from subsidence risk zoning, scenarios of reduced water withdrawal from the aquifer in its outlet were developed. The treatment strategies results showed that the maximum amount of subsidence in wet, normal and dry conditions will be 10, 14 and 18 cm, respectively. These results indicate a 14% improvement in the quantitative condition of the aquifer in wet conditions, 10% in normal conditions and 7% in dry conditions in the total aquifer of Najafabad. Improvement of conditions by simulation shows the impact of the importance of optimal utilization of groundwater resources.
High-dose Radiotherapy in Newly Diagnosed Low-grade Gliomas with Nonmethylated O6-methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase
Authors: Liu Yanwei , Li Yanong , Wang Peng , Chen Li , Feng Jin , Qiu Xiaoguang
Published: May 2021

Background: Patients with low-grade gliomas (LGGs) harboring O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase promoter nonmethyaltion (MGMT-non-pM) have a particularly short survival and are greatly resistance to chemotherapy. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of high-dose radiotherapy (RT) for LGGs with MGMT-non-pM.Methods: 269 patients with newly diagnosed adult supratentorial LGGs from the multicenter Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group (CGCG) received postoperative RT during 2005-2018. MGMT promoter methylation analysis was conducted by pyrosequencing in all patients. Univariate and multivariable analyses were performed using the cox regression to determine the prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). RT dose-response on MGMT status defined subtypes was analyzed.Results: On univariate analysis, the following were statistically significant favorable factors for both PFS and OS: oligodendrogliomas（p = 0.002 and p = 0.005）, high-dose RT (> 54 Gy) （p = 0.017 and p = 0.023） and 1p/19q codeletion （p <0.001 and p = 0.001）. On multivariable analyses, RT dose (> 54 Gy vs. ≤ 54 Gy) and IDH mutation were independently prognostic markers for OS (HR, 0.44; 95%CI, 0.21-0.92; p = 0.029; and HR, 0.43; 95%CI, 0.20-0.90; p = 0.025, respectively) and PFS (HR, 0.48; 95%CI, 0.27-0.90; p = 0.021; and HR, 0.52; 95%CI, 0.27-0.98; p = 0.044, respectively). High-dose RT was associated with longer OS (HR, 0.55; 95%CI, 0.32-0.93; p = 0.026) and PFS (HR, 0.57; 95%CI, 0.35-0.93; p = 0.026) than low-dose RT in MGMT-non-pM subtype. In contrast, no significant difference in either OS (p = 0.240) or PFS (p = 0.395) was observed with high-dose RT in the MGMT-pM subtype.Conclusions: High-dose RT (> 54 Gy) is an independently protective factor for LGGs and associated with improved survival in patients with MGMT-non-pM.