bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EVALUACIÓN EN LA FORMACIÓN INICIAL: ¿AVANCE O RETROCESO?
Authors: Cañadas Laura , Santos-Pastor María Luisa , Castejón Francisco Javier
Published: November 2018

INTRODUCCIÓN. La evaluación es un elemento clave en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje. La variabilidad de instrumentos en la evaluación permite conocer con mayor precisión qué es lo que el alumnado ha aprendido. A su vez, la participación del alumnado en el proceso de evaluación y calificación le permitirá asumir un rol protagonista en su aprendizaje, valorando su propio trabajo y el de sus compañeros. Los objetivos de esta investigación son: (a) conocer si se ha producido un cambio en el tipo de instrumentos de evaluación empleados en la formación inicial y en la frecuencia de uso de los mismos con el paso del tiempo; (b) valorar cómo ha cambiado la percepción del alumnado sobre las diferentes formas de calificación empleadas en esta etapa. MÉTODO. Participaron un total de 2.361 alumnos del cuarto curso de Magisterio en Educación Primaria (70,7%) y Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte (29,3%). Las respuestas de 1.127 participantes se recogieron durante el curso académico 2010/2011 y las de 1.234 durante el 2014/2015. RESULTADOS. Los resultados muestran (a) que se ha producido un incremento en la frecuencia de empleo de instrumentos de evaluación entre el curso 2010/2011 y el 2014/2015, siendo los trabajos escritos y los exámenes tipo test los que muestran una mayor frecuencia de empleo; y (b) la calificación dialogada presenta diferencias significativas entre los estudios, disminuyendo su uso con el paso del tiempo, mientras que el resto de formas de calificación estudiadas no muestra diferencias significativas entre ambos estudios, prevaleciendo el uso de la heterocalificación. DISCUSIÓN. Aunque se ha producido un incremento en el uso de los diferentes instrumentos de evaluación, se siguen usando predominantemente los mismos y se mantiene como forma de calificación más utilizada la heterocalificación.
Dependentzia Unibertsalen eredura egokitutako euskarazko zuhaitz-bankua
Authors: Aranzabe Maria Jesus , Atutxa Aitziber , Bengoetxea Kepa , Díaz de Ilarraza Arantza , Goenaga Iakes , Gojenola Koldo , Uria Larraitz
Published: November 2018

Hizkuntzaren Prozesamenduan kokatzen den Dependentzia Unibertsalen proiektuaren helburua da hainbat hizkuntzatan sortu diren dependentzia-ereduan oinarritutako zuhaitz-bankuak etiketatze-eskema estandar berera egokitzea. Artikulu honetan, eredu horretara automatikoki egokitu den euskarazko zuhaitz-bankua aurkezten da; halaber, egokitzapen-lan hori nola gauzatu den deskribatzen da eta, azkenik, horretan oinarrituta, azaltzen da zer antzekotasun eta zer desberdintasun diren jatorrizko zuhaitza-bankuaren eta Dependentzia Unibertsalen eredura egokitutako zuhaitz-bankuaren artean.
The best possible option of impossible worlds: Hybrid Modal Realism
Authors: Tuboly Tamás Ádám
Published: November 2018

In this paper I reconstruct the merits and drawbacks of the concretist and abstractionist theories of possible worlds and face them with the challenge of impossible worlds. I show how these two types of theories deal with the problem of impossibilities, and argue that the best option is two advance the so-called hybrid modal realism, namely concret possible worlds and abstract impossible worlds. Finally, as a conclusion, I highlight some of the disadvantages of this view as well and note the possibility of a Carnap-like solution.
Kin-Work in a Time of Jihad: Sustaining Bonds of Filiation and Care for Tunisian Foreign Combatants
Authors: Miller Alyssa
Published: November 2018

In this article, I examine the politics of kin-work performed by families of Tunisian foreign combatants, whose sons were recruited to jihadi militias following the 2011 Arab Spring. Here, I refer to a form of affective labor that engenders kinship relations through the performance of intentional acts. In the context of postrevolutionary Tunisia, where the state is currently embroiled in a domestic war against terror, families of foreign combatants perform such kin-work to make a moral claim on the state to assist them in repatriating their sons. In doing so, they must work against security discourses that define their sons as terrorists, thereby excising them from the rights-bearing category of the human. Nevertheless, kin-work is more than just a political strategy. I thus also attend to more intimate registers of kin-work, where it serves as a method for inhabiting uncertainty and providing care for absent kin.
The Axolotl in Global Circuits of Knowledge Production: Producing Multispecies Potentiality
Authors: Wanderer Emily
Published: November 2018

The axolotl is a noteworthy species of salamander, one both biologically remarkable and culturally significant. Native to the canals of Xochimilco, a neighborhood in Mexico City, the charismatic species has deep connections to Mexican history and identity, as well as serving as an important model organism for scientists studying regenerative biology. Drawing on fieldwork in Mexico with restoration ecologists engaged in conserving axolotl habitats, as well as on scientific papers and informal communications among scientists who use axolotls as model organisms, I examine the fate of the axolotl in and out of Xochimilco. Taking up the lives of both wild and cultivated axolotls, this essay asks what is at stake when a species is eliminated from one anthropogenic environment, the canals of Xochimilco, while being made to live in another, the laboratories of scientists studying developmental and regenerative biology. In the lab, axolotls are interpreted as plastic and flexible, potential models for reconfiguring human capabilities, injury, and aging. In the wild, the axolotl is a fragile sentinel species in need of protection that serves as an indicator of the fragility of the ecosystem more broadly. Conservationists interpret its failure to thrive as a message to human populations to reform and reconsider how they live in relation to the environment. This essay demonstrates how, through scientists’ care, axolotls come to represent different forms of potential and produce different insights into human life, enabling distinct imaginings of the future.
Directing the Future of Gene Therapy in Cyprus: Breakthroughs, Subjunctivities, and the Pragmatics of Narrative
Authors: Kyriakides Theodoros
Published: November 2018

Gene therapy is a technology that involves the introduction of therapeutic genes into humans for the replacement of mutations causing disorders. This article stems from research conducted with a thalassemia patients’ association in Cyprus and explores how political and epistemic uncertainty surrounding the promise of breakthrough in gene therapy is harnessed to particular objectives and narratives for the future. Anthropologists who survey the future largely address the manner in which people orient themselves in conditions of uncertainty through concepts of hope, waiting, patience, and endurance. Less attention has been paid to how people construct and deploy narratives and images of the future in a way that can bridge present immediacy and abstract futurity—a process I call directing the future. The concept I use to elucidate the connections between breakthrough and narrative is that of subjunctivity. In juxtaposing different positionalities that thalassemia patients in Cyprus adopt with regard to the promise of gene therapy, I show that subjunctivity is not only the ability to be receptive to transformation and the possibility of a world otherwise. The intersubjective and political processes out of which subjunctivity and narrative emerge are also the processes by which an otherwise undefined future becomes ordered, and certain images of the future attain more gravity and reality than others.
Pengaruh Variasi Jenis Pelarut pada Rendemen Sintesis Senyawa Kompleks Bis-Asetilasetonatodiaquonikel(II)
Authors: Mintari Novia , Suhartana Suhartana , Sriatun Sriatun
Published: November 2018

Sintesis Senyawa Kompleks Bis-Asetilasetonatodiaquonikel(II)  telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mensintesis senyawa kompleks bis-asetilasetonatodiaquonikel(II) ([Ni(acac)2(H2O)2]) dengan menggunakan pelarut metanol, etanol dan aseton serta membandingkan pengaruh pelarut yang digunakan terhadap hasil sintesis senyawa kompleks. Senyawa kompleks [Ni(acac)2(H2O)2] dibuat dengan memodifikasi metode Pawlikowski dengan perbandingan mol ion pusat dengan ligan adalah 1:3. Karakterisasi senyawa kompleks dilakukan menggunakan Fourier Transform-Infra Red (FT-IR), Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS), dan Spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Hasil FTIR menunjukkan adanya gugus O pada asetil aseton yang terkoordinasi pada ion pusat Ni2+ membentuk kompleks [Ni(acac)2(H2O)2]. Spektra UV-Vis menghasilkan serapan maksimum untuk kompleks [Ni(acac)2(H2O)2] dalam pelarut metanol pada panjang gelombang 294,5 nm, dengan energi transisi sebesar 406,72 KJmol-1, dan rendemen 19,26%. Kompleks [Ni(acac)2(H2O)2] dalam pelarut etanol memiliki panjang gelombang maksimum pada 294,5 nm, dengan energi transisi sebesar 406,72 KJmol-1, dan rendemen 18,69%. Sedangkan kompleks [Ni(acac)2(H2O)2] dalam pelarut aseton mempunyai panjang gelombang maksimum pada 293 nm, dengan energi transisi sebesar 408,80 KJmol-1, dan rendemen 16,99%.
Pengaruh Variasi Waktu Milling terhadap Karakter Produk Sintesis LiMn2O4 dengan Reaksi Padat-Padat
Authors: Sharfina Ega , Nuryanto Rahmad , Putra Teguh Yulius Surya Panca
Published: November 2018

Sintesis katoda LiMn2O4 dari bahan dasar Li2CO3 dan MnO2 melalui metode reaksi padat-padat dengan pemanasan suhu tinggi telah dilakukan. Pencampuran serbuk menggunakan proses pemaduan mekanik dengan memberikan variasi waktu milling 0, 2, 4, 6, dan 8 jam. Tahapan penelitian meliputi pencampuran bahan Li2CO3 dan MnO2 menggunakan High Energy Milling (HEM), sintering pada temperatur 850°C selama 6 jam, dan karakterisasi menggunakan XRD, SEM-EDS dan LCR meter. Prinsip alat HEM adalah pemanfaatan tumbukan antara bola-bola penghancur. Dinding wadahnya diputar dan digerakkan dengan cara tertentu untuk mendapatkan hasil reaksi dengan tingkat homogenitas yang tinggi dan meningkatkan keseragaman ukuran partikel. Hasil analisis XRD menunjukkan bahwa penambahan waktu milling berpengaruh terhadap pelebaran puncak difraksi Li2CO3 dan MnO2 yang mengarah ke pembentukan fasa baru membentuk kristal LiMn2O4 yang ditandai dengan difraktogram yang tampak semakin amorf. Paduan LiMn2O4 terbentuk setelah serbuk hasil milling dipanaskan pada temperatur 850°C. Uji konduktivitas mencatat bahwa pada waktu milling 8 jam diperoleh nilai konduktivitas tertinggi, yaitu sebesar 1,32 x 10-4 Scm-1.
Skrining Metabolit Sekunder Bakteri Endofit yang Berfungsi sebagai Antidiabetes dari Daun Mimba (Azadirachta Indica)
Authors: Pratama Yuga , Sarjono Purbowatiningrum Ria , Mulyani Nies Suci
Published: November 2018

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang skrining metabolit sekunder bakteri endofit yang berfungsi sebagai antidiabetes dari daun mimba (Azadirachta indica). Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh data morfologi, memperoleh data kurva pertumbuhan isolat bakteri endofit dari daun mimba, memperoleh hasil inhibisi metabolit sekunder bakteri endofit dari daun miba terhadap α-glukosidase, serta mendapatkan informasi mengenai kandungan kimia dari metabolit sekunder isolat bakteri endofit yang didapat. Aktivitas antidiabetes diuji menggunakan metode penghambatan enzim α-glukosidase. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah bakteri endofit A5 dan A6 dari daun mimba merupakan bakteri dengan jenis bakteri gram negatif, dengan bentuk penampakan mikroskopis yang berbeda. Berdasarkan data kurva pertumbuhan bakteri endofit dapat disimpulkan bahwa untuk memperoleh metabolit sekunder adalah pada jam ke-33 hingga jam ke-48 untuk isolat A5 dan jam ke-36 hingga jam ke-48 untuk isolat A6. Adapun daya inhibisi aktivitas α-glukosidase optimal dari metabolit sekunder A5 dan A6 masing-masing pada konsentrasi 62,5 ppm berturut-turut sebesar 18,462% dan 20,173%. Penapisan fitokimia pada penelitian ini masing-masing metabolit sekunder bakteri endofit A5 dan A6 dari daun mimba mengandung senyawa flavonoid, saponin, dan terpenoid/steroid.
Aktivitas Inhibisi α-Glukosidase dan Identifikasi Senyawa dalam Fraksi Aktif Bunga Rosella (Hibiscus Sabdariffa L.)
Authors: Yunitasari Irma , Aminin Agustina L. N. , Anam Khairul
Published: November 2018

Rosela merupakan tanaman yang dapat digunakan untuk mengatasi penyakit diabetes melitus (DM), dalam terapi DM dapat dilakukan dengan menghambat kerja enzim α-glukosidase. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan fraksi aktif dari ekstrak bunga rosella yang berpotensi sebagai inhibitor α-glukosidase dan mengidentifikasi jenis senyawa dalam fraksi aktif tersebut. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah ekstraksi menggunakan pelarut metanol-HCl 0,1%, dilanjutkan fraksinasi secara kromatografi kolom dengan fasa diam sephadex LH-20 dan fasa gerak air-metanol fraksi A (100:0), fraksi B (75:25), fraksi C (50:50), fraksi D (25:75), fraksi E (0:100), dan uji aktivitas inhibisi α-glukosidase fraksi bunga rosella. Identifikasi senyawa aktif yang memberikan nilai aktivitas penghambatan α-glukosidase paling tinggi dengan KLT dan penampak bercak (AlCl3, uap amoniak dan FeCl3), penentuan kadar relatif (%) komponen dari fraksi aktif dengan TLC scanner, dan karakterisasi senyawa utama dalam fraksi aktif menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis dan FTIR. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa fraksi C (50:50) merupakan fraksi aktif yang memberikan nilai aktivitas inhibisi α-glukosidase paling tinggi (31,163 %) pada konsentrasi 1000 ppm, dan senyawa utama dalam fraksi C adalah 3,3’,4’-trihidroksiflavon dan 5,7,3’,4’-tetrahidroksiflavon dengan masing-masing kadar relatif 23,33% dan 24,52 %.
Zeolit Alam Termodifikasi Logam Fe sebagai Adsorben Fosfat (PO43-) pada Air Limbah
Authors: Faisal Marwan , Suhartana Suhartana , Pardoyo Pardoyo
Published: November 2018

Penelitian tentang zeolit alam termodifikasi logam Fe sebagai adsorben fosfat (PO43-) pada air limbah telah dilakukan. Zeolit alam diaktivasi menggunakan HCl 2M. Kemudian zeolit teraktivasi dimodifikasi menggunakan FeCl3.6H2O dengan perbandingan massa precursor 10:90, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25, 90:10. Metode modifikasi yang digunakan adalah impregnasi ion logam Fe3+. Pada zeolit-Fe yang diperoleh kemudian dilakukan untuk mengadsorpsi fosfat dengan konsentrasi awal 0,9883 ppm. Hasil yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan FTIR, dan Spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Hasil analisis FTIR terhadap zeolit-Fe menunjukkan adanya puncak pada bilangan gelombang 474,5 cm-1 yang mengindikasikan vibrasi Fe-O. Fosfat (PO43-) yang terserap oleh zeolit-Fe paling banyak diperoleh pada variasi 10:90 yaitu sebesar 30,54% dengan konsentrasi teradsorpsi sebesar 0,3019 mgL-1.
Adsorption of HDTMA-Br surfactant with concentration variation by rice husk-based activated carbon produced by variation of carbonization temperature
Authors: Pargiman Galih N. R. , Arnelli Arnelli , Astuti Yayuk
Published: November 2018

Research has been conducted on the adsorption of HDTMA-Br surfactant by rice husk-activated carbon with variation of carbonization temperature and concentration of HDTMA-Br. This study aims to produce surfactant modified activated carbon (SMAC), therefore it is necessary to determine the influence of carbonization temperature to the adsorption capability of activated carbon on HDTMA-Br surfactant by identifying the amount of HDTMA-Br surfactant absorbed, to characterize the characters of carbon, activated carbon and activated carbon adsorbing surfactant using FTIR and SAA. Carbonization was carried out by pyrolysis with temperature variations of 300, 350 and 400°C. The carbon produced was activated using 60% H3PO4 for 1 hour. After that, the activated carbon was applied to adsorb HDTMA-Br surfactant by varying the concentration that were 300, 1100, 1900, 2700, 3500 and 4300 ppm. The results showed that HDTMA-Br adsorbed tended to increase by increasing the concentration of surfactant. In addition, the best carbonization temperature showing high adsorption capability of activated carbon was at 300°C. FTIR spectra of activated carbon showed the presence of P = O peak; at the SMAC sampel there was peak of N-(CH3)3 with different intensities in three samples. Moreover, SAA analysis showed that the surface area of activated carbon increased compared to carbon and slightly decreased after the activated carbon absorbed HDTMA-Br.
Encapsulation of Cinnamaldehyde using Chitosan: Stability, Mucoadhesive and Cinnamaldehyde Release
Authors: Sarjono Purbowatiningrum Ria , Ngadiwiyana Ngadiwiyana , Fachriyah Enny , Ismiyarto Ismiyarto , Prasetya Nor Basid Adiwibawa , Khikmah Khikmah
Published: November 2018

Cinnamaldehyde contained in cinnamon oil is useful as an antidiabetic; however, it has very low oral bioavailability. One effort to increase oral bioavailability of cinnamaldehyde is by encapsulation using chitosan. Encapsulation of cinnamaldehyde in chitosan has been successfully made in the form of powder. The aim of this study was to obtain data of stability, mucoadhesive and cinnamaldehyde release from cinnamaldehyde encapsulated chitosan. Stability tests were performed physically and chemically. Mucoadhesive tests were carried out in vitro in two steps, which were granule fabrication and then mucoadhesive test. The results showed that the levels of cinnamaldehyde decreased within 4 weeks, from the first to the fourth week 100%; 99.87%; 98.85%; 97.33%, respectively. Cinnamaldehyde powder did not change significantly in specific gravity, pH, centrifugation and organoleptic after a month. The release precentage of cinnamaldehyde in acidic media pH 1.2 for 180 minutes was 83.4%, whereas in alkaline media pH 7.4 for 360 minutes was 61%. The cinnamaldehyde encapsulated chitosan nanoparticle powder performed mucoadhesive capacity in the gastric mucosa and in the intestinal mucosa of 91.5% and 84.61%, respectively.
Synthesis of 4-Hydroxy-2-Methylchalcone from meta-Cresol Formilation Product and Its Activities as an Antibacteria
Authors: Ismiyarto Ismiyarto , Suyanti Suyanti , Ngadiwiyana Ngadiwiyana , Sarjono Purbowatiningrum Ria , Prasetya Nor Basid Adiwibawa
Published: November 2018

Research on the synthesis of 4-hydroxy-2-methylchalcone from 4-hidroksi-2-metilbenzaldehida as formilated meta-cresol product and its antibacterial activity test has been conducted. As the first step, synthesis of 4-hydroxy-2-methylbenzaldehyde was carried out by treatment meta-cresol with chloroform through the Reimer-Tiemann formylation. Product is a brown solid with 23.94% yields. Furthermore, the 4-hydroxy-2-methylchalcone was synthesized using the 4-hydroxy-2-methylbenzaldehyde and acetophenone through the Claisen-Schmidt reaction. The product is a brownish yellow solid with 29.74% yields. Antibacterial test against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria was carried out by comparing the activity of 4-hydroxy-2-methylchalcone with 4-hydroxy-3-methoxychalcone, and chalcone compounds. The antibacterial activity test showed that the 4-hydroxy-2-methylchalcone compound, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxychalcone, and chalcone compounds gave a better antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli than the Staphylococcus aureus.
Lowered Sintering Temperature on Synthesis of La9.33Si6O26 (LSO) – La0.8Sr0.2Ga0.8Mg0.2O2.55 (LSGM) Electrolyte Composite and the Electrical Performance on La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 (LCM) Cathode
Authors: Malik Yoga Trianzar , Noviyanti Atiek Rostika , Syarif Dani Gustaman
Published: November 2018

Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is the device that can convert chemical energy into electricity with highest efficiency among other fuel cell. La9.33Si6O26 (LSO) is the potential electrolyte at intermediate operation temperature SOFC. Low ionic conductivity of lanthanum silicate-based electrolyte will lead into bad electrical performance on lanthanum manganite-based anode. In this study, LSO was combine with La0.8Sr0.2Ga0.8Mg0.2O2.55 (LSGM) electrolyte by using conventional solid state reaction to enhance the electrical performance of LSO on LCM cathode. However, pre-requisite high sintering temperature on preparation of LSO-LSGM composite will lead into phase transition phase of LSGM that may affect in decreasing the electrical performance. This study resulted that lowered sintering temperature from its ideal temperature still give an improved electrical performance of LCM/LSO-LSGM/LCM symmetrical cell. The ASR value is 0.14 Ω.cm2 which much lower than its analogous symmetrical cell, LSM/LSO/LSM that was reported before.
Utilization and Characterization of Oyster Shell as Chitosan and Nanochitosan
Authors: Handayani Lia , Syahputra Faisal , Astuti Yayuk
Published: November 2018

Oyster is one of bivalve groups widely consumed by human, thus, it results in producing huge waste shells affecting the environment. One way to increase the value of oyster shells is to process them into chitosan. This study aims to isolate chitin then synthesize it into chitosan and convert chitosan into nano-sized chitosan and analyze the characteristics. The steps to produce chitosan from waste shells included demineralization using HCl 1 N and deproteinization using NaOH 3%. The next step was to convert chitin into chitosan through a deacetylation process using NaOH 50%. After chitosan was formed, it was continued to convert chitosan into nano chitosan particles using ion gelation method with the addition of surfactant (tween 80) and crosslinker (TPP 0.1% and 0.5%). The results showed that yield of transformation chitin into chitosan was 61.1%. Meanwhile, the yield calculated from initial weight of raw material was 18.33% with deacetylation degree value equal to 89.14%. Based on morphological analysis using SEM, the size of chitosan particles was not distributed homogeneously that was in the range of 892 nm-1.54 μm, while the nano chitosan particle size obtained was uniformly formed in the range of 679 nm-910 nm.
Using self-service technologies in hospitality setting
Authors: Torrichelli Telma Aline , Pozo Hamilton
Published: November 2018

The goal of this research is to focus on the organizational commitment factors of implementing a hospitality program using self-service technologies in the cluster of knitwear and clothing in the city of Socorro/SP. The data collected from the employees of this cluster was analyzed using a questionnaire with a Likert scale of agreement and open questions. The research is characterized as exploratory in nature; such methods are employed in the qualitative and quantitative evaluations of the model. The results were analyzed using non-parametric statistics techniques, as well as further correlation analyses and Cronbach's alpha. The results answered the research objectives, and they showed an unsatisfactory outcome for the barrier of information processing in the cluster that was examined
An Investigation of the Predictors of Comfortable and Fast Gait Speed in Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Authors: Mantel Alison , Trapuzzano Ashleigh , Chizmar Sara , Haffke Lauren , Dawson Nicole
Published: November 2018

Background/Purpose:

To identify the unique predictors of comfortable and fast gait speed in community-dwelling older adults using measures of physical performance (eg, lower extremity strength and balance), self-reported balance confidence, and global cognitive function.

Methods:

Demographic information was collected from 60 healthy, community-dwelling older adults older than 60 years. Participants completed the following assessments: Mini-Mental State Examination; Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale; 30-second Chair Stand (30-SCS); Functional Reach (FR); and gait speed (comfortable and fast) using the GAITRite system. Hierarchical linear regression was used to examine the relationship of both fast and comfortable gait speeds with functional performance (CST and FR), cognition (Mini-Mental State Examination), Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale, and demographic information (age, gender, and body mass index).

Results and Discussion:

Functional performance measures (30-SCS and FR) explained 55.4% and 64.7%, respectively, of the variance in comfortable and fast gait speed. Unique predictors for comfortable gait speed included 30-SCS, FR, and body mass index. Unique predictors of fast gait speed included 30-SCS, FR, gender, body mass index, and Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale score. These predictors explained 68.5% and 80.4% of the total variance in comfortable and fast gait speed, respectively. Global cognition was not a unique predictor of gait speed when performance measures were statistically controlled. However, the current study measured global cognitive status rather than the specific cognitive constructs, such as processing speed or executive function. Further research is needed to determine the role of cognition in the composition of gait speed.

Conclusions:

Gait speed is an important indicator for many outcomes such as fall risk, mortality, and functional status. Understanding that key variables of strength and balance comprise a large portion of gait speed allows clinicians to better direct their care and optimize rehabilitation outcomes. This study specifically used functional measures of strength and balance that can be easily implemented in the clinical setting.
Vascularization and Engraftment of Transplanted Human Cerebral Organoids in Mouse Cortex
Authors: Daviaud Nicolas , Friedel Roland H. , Zou Hongyan
Published: November 2018

Neural stem cells (NSCs) hold great promise for neural repair in cases of CNS injury and neurodegeneration; however, conventional cell-based transplant methods face the challenges of poor survival and inadequate neuronal differentiation. Here, we report an alternative, tissue-based transplantation strategy whereby cerebral organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) were grafted into lesioned mouse cortex. Cerebral organoid transplants exhibited enhanced survival and robust vascularization from host brain as compared to transplants of dissociated neural progenitor cells (NPCs). Engrafted cerebral organoids harbored a large NSC pool and displayed multilineage neurodifferentiation at two and four weeks after grafting. Cerebral organoids therefore represent a promising alternative source to NSCs or fetal tissues for transplantation, as they contain a large set of neuroprogenitors and differentiated neurons in a structured organization. Engrafted cerebral organoids may also offer a unique experimental paradigm for modeling human neurodevelopment and CNS diseases in the context of vascularized cortical tissue.
The effect of loss-limit reminders on gambling behavior: A real-world study of Norwegian gamblers
Authors: Auer Michael , Hopfgartner Niklas , Griffiths Mark D.
Published: November 2018

Background

Over the past two decades, problem gambling has become a public health issue and research from many countries indicates that a small but significant minority of individuals are problem gamblers. In Norway, the prevalence of problem gambling among adults is estimated to be just less than 1%. To help minimize the harm from gambling, the Norwegian government’s gambling operator (Norsk Tipping) has introduced several responsible gambling initiatives to help protect players from developing gambling problems (e.g., limit-setting tools, voluntary self-exclusion, personalized feedback, etc.).

Aim

The aim of this study was to determine whether the receiving of personalized feedback exceeding 80% of a personally set monetary personal limit had an effect on subsequent playing behavior compared to those gamblers who did not receive personalized feedback.

Methods

Out of 54,002 players, a total of 7,884 players (14.5%) received at least one piece of feedback that they had exceeded 80% of their personal global monthly loss limit between January and March 2017.

Results

Using a matched-pairs design, results showed that those gamblers receiving personalized feedback in relation to limit-setting showed significant reductions in the amount of money gambled.

Conclusion

The findings of this study will be of great value to many stakeholder groups including researchers in the gambling studies field, the gambling industry, regulators, and policymakers.
Transcranial direct current stimulation for online gamers: A prospective single-arm feasibility study
Authors: Lee Sang Hoon , Im Jooyeon Jamie , Oh Jin Kyoung , Choi Eun Kyoung , Yoon Sujung , Bikson Marom , Song In-Uk , Jeong Hyeonseok , Chung Yong-An
Published: November 2018

Aim

Excessive use of online games can have negative influences on mental health and daily functioning. Although the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) have been investigated for the treatment of addiction, it has not been evaluated for excessive online game use. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and tolerability of tDCS over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in online gamers.

Methods

A total of 15 online gamers received 12 active tDCS sessions over the DLPFC (anodal left/cathodal right, 2 mA for 30 min, 3 times per week for 4 weeks). Before and after tDCS sessions, all participants underwent 18F-ﬂuoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography scans and completed the Internet Addiction Test (IAT), Brief Self Control Scale (BSCS), and Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II).

Results

After tDCS sessions, weekly hours spent on games (p = .02) and scores of IAT (p < .001) and BDI-II (p = .01) were decreased, whereas BSCS score was increased (p = .01). Increases in self-control were associated with decreases in both addiction severity (p = .002) and time spent on games (p = .02). Moreover, abnormal right-greater-than-left asymmetry of regional cerebral glucose metabolism in the DLPFC was partially alleviated (p = .04).

Conclusions

Our preliminary results suggest that tDCS may be useful for reducing online game use by improving interhemispheric balance of glucose metabolism in the DLPFC and enhancing self-control. Larger sham-controlled studies with longer follow-up period are warranted to validate the efficacy of tDCS in gamers.
ESTRATÉGIAS DE AÇÃO E INTERAÇÃO PARA O CUIDADO À CRIANÇA HOSPITALIZADA COM DOR ONCOLÓGICA CRÔNICA
Authors: Silva Thiago Privado da , Leite Joséte Luzia , Stinson Jennifer , Lalloo Chitra , Silva Ítalo Rodolfo , Jibb Lindsay
Published: November 2018

RESUMO Objetivo: discutir, a partir do referencial da complexidade, as estratégias de ação e interação adotadas pelos profissionais de saúde para o cuidado à criança hospitalizada com dor oncológica crônica. Método: pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, realizada com base no referencial metodológico da Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados e no referencial teórico do Pensamento Complexo, na perspectiva de Edgar Morin. A entrevista semiestruturada e a observação não participante foram utilizadas para a coleta de dados. Participaram da pesquisa 21 profissionais de saúde, os quais foram organizados em três grupos amostrais: enfermeiros; técnicos de enfermagem; e profissionais da equipe multiprofissional de saúde. Os resultados da pesquisa foram validados por cinco examinadores, dos quais três apresentam expertise no método de pesquisa. Resultados: a categoria “Lidando com a complexidade do contexto gerencial de cuidado à criança com dor oncológica crônica”, por meio de suas subcategorias, revelou que os profissionais de saúde utilizam o lúdico, o diálogo, a empatia, a relação afetiva e o trabalho em equipe como estratégias de interação para cuidar da criança e do familiar. Ademais, os resultados apresentam a busca da espiritualidade e do equilíbrio emocional como estratégias de ação necessárias para lidar com o sofrimento infantil e familiar. Conclusão: os resultados revelam a necessidade de os profissionais de saúde estabelecerem estratégias de ação que melhorem a sua interação com a criança e com o familiar, posto que uma efetiva interação facilita o processo de avaliação e manejo da dor, bem como viabiliza a continuidade e a qualidade do cuidado prestado.
FRAGILIDADE E QUALIDADE DE VIDA DE IDOSOS EM CONTEXTO DE VULNERABILIDADE SOCIAL
Authors: Jesus Isabela Thaís Machado de , Diniz Maria Angélica Andreotti , Lanzotti Rafaela Brochine , Orlandi Fabiana de Sousa , Pavarin Sofia Cristina Iost , Zazzetta Marisa Silvana
Published: November 2018

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar o nível de fragilidade e sua relação com a qualidade de vida de idosos cadastrados em Centros de Referência de Assistência Social em um município do interior do estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Método: estudo descritivo, correlacional e de abordagem quantitativa. Foi realizada entrevista individual com a aplicação de um instrumento de caracterização sociodemográfica, a Escala de Fragilidade de Edmonton, Whoqol-bref e o Whoqol-old, no período entre 2012 e 2016. Os dados foram submetidos à análise descritiva e de correlação com testes de Kruskal-Wallis e Levin e Fox. Resultados: participaram do estudo 217 idosos, com média de idade de 68,5 (±7,35) anos, casados (n=91) e com escolaridade de um a quatro anos (n=112). Quanto ao nível de fragilidade, 89 (41%) não apresentaram fragilidade, 46 (21,2%) se apresentaram vulneráveis e 82 (37,7%) estavam frágeis. Quanto à relação da fragilidade com a qualidade de vida dos idosos avaliados, observou-se correlação negativa, de fraca à moderada magnitude, com significância estatística com todos os domínios do Whoqol-bref e old. Conclusão: diante da relação entre o nível de fragilidade e os escores da qualidade de vida, indicando que os idosos mais frágeis apresentaram pior qualidade de vida, pode-se subsidiar práticas em saúde e políticas públicas para ações de prevenção como forma de erradicar, prevenir e retardar condições de risco.
Epistemologia da Ciência da Informação: evolução da pesquisa e suas bases referenciais
Authors: Francelin Marivalde Moacir
Published: November 2018

Resumo A presente pesquisa analisa a evolução da produção científica sobre epistemologia na área de Ciência da Informação. Também apresenta autores de destaque e principais referenciais usados nos artigos selecionados. Pergunta se o aumento das publicações de artigos sobre epistemologia pode significar a consolidação de uma comunidade de pesquisa. Por extensão, destaca a possibilidade de identificar tradições filosóficas e científicas através dos referenciais do corpus de análise. Defende a hipótese de que o aumento da produção sobre epistemologia em Ciência da Informação indica o reconhecimento e a relevância desta temática nos últimos anos. Os levantamentos foram realizados em 30 periódicos científicos da Ciência da Informação, no período de 1972 a 2015. No total, 164 artigos foram selecionados para análise. A distribuição dos artigos selecionados evidenciou o aumento significativo da pesquisa a partir de 2004. Diante do aumento da produção, o quadro geral de autores e referenciais se destaca pela tradição, pluralidade e atualização constante de seus pontos de vista. Ressalta a necessidade de incentivar o caráter espontâneo das pesquisas sobre o tema no universo da graduação e da pós-graduação. Conclui que há um indicativo de consolidação da pesquisa e, principalmente, a formação de uma comunidade científica em torno da epistemologia na Ciência da Informação.
A leitura de histórias em quadrinhos da Marvel e da DC Comics e a etnometodologia: relevância e desdobramentos
Authors: Dumont Lígia Maria Moreira , Ramos Rubem Borges Teixeira
Published: November 2018

Resumo Apresenta a etnometodologia como um conceito teórico adequado à pesquisa sobre leitura, especialmente no que tange ao gênero das histórias em quadrinhos de super-heróis. Discute os conceitos-chave da etnometodologia de Harold Garfinkel, procurando aplicá-los ao estudo e a compreensão da figura do leitor de quadrinhos. Como resultados, aponta a caracterização da apropriação de informações e da introjeção do conhecimento presentes nas relações estabelecidas pelo leitor quando da leitura das histórias em quadrinhos e o emprego de informações obtidas por meio dessa leitura nas suas vidas.
Intradialytic resistance training: an effective and easy-to-execute strategy
Authors: Castro Antônio Paulo André de , Barbosa Sergio Ribeiro , Mansur Henrique Novais , Ezequiel Danielle Guedes Andrade , Costa Mônica Barros , Paula Rogério Baumgratz de
Published: November 2018

Abstract Chronic kidney disease (CKD) alters the morphology and function of skeletal muscles, thereby decreasing patient physical capacity (PC) and quality of life (QoL). Intradialytic resistance training (IRT) is a pragmatic tool used to attenuate these complications. However, IRT has not been strongly adopted in nephrology care centers. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of a low-cost, easy-to-use IRT protocol. Methods: The study enrolled 43 patients (52.8 ± 13.85 years) on HD for five to 300 months followed from April 2014 to July 2017. The efficacy of IRT was assessed based on PC - derived from muscle strength (MS) and preferred walking speed (PWS) - and QoL. The occurrence of adverse events was used as a measure of safety. The IRT protocol consisted of exercises of moderate to high intensity for the main muscle groups performed three times a week. Results: The mean follow-up time was 9.3 ± 3.24 months, for a total of 4,374 sessions of IRT. Compliance to the protocol was 96.5 ± 2.90%, and patients presented significant improvements in MS (from 27.3 ± 11.58 Kgf to 34.8 ± 10.77 Kgf) and PWS (from 0.99 ± 0.29 m/s to 1.26 ± 0.22 m/s). Physical and emotional components of QoL also increased significantly. Conclusion: IRT led to significant increases in PC and higher scores in all domains of QoL. Important adverse events were not observed during intradialytic resistance training.
Pathogenesis, histopathologic findings and treatment modalities of lipoprotein glomerulopathy: A review
Authors: Cambruzzi Eduardo , Pêgas Karla Lais
Published: November 2018

Abstract Lipoprotein glomerulopathy (LPG) is an uncommon cause of nephrotic syndrome and/or kidney failure. At microscopy, LPG is characterized by the presence of lipoprotein thrombi in dilated glomerular capillaries due to different ApoE mutations. ApoE gene is located on chromosome 19q13.2, and can be identified in almost all serum lipoproteins. ApoE works as a protective factor in atherosclerosis due its interaction with receptor-mediated lipoprotein clearance and cholesterol receptor. Most common polymorphisms include ApoE2/2, ApoE3/2, ApoE3/3, ApoE4/2, ApoE4/3, and ApoE4/4. All age-groups can be affected by LPG, with a discrete male predominance. Compromised patients typically reveal dyslipidemia, type III hyperlipoproteinemia, and proteinuria. LPG treatment includes fenofibrate, antilipidemic drugs, steroids, LDL aphaeresis, plasma exchange, antiplatelet drugs, anticoagulants, urokinase, and renal transplantation. Recurrence in kidney graft suggests a pathogenic component(s) of extraglomerular humoral complex resulting from abnormal lipoprotein metabolism and presumably associated to ApoE.
Nonlinear analysis of circular concrete-filled steel tube columns under eccentric loading
Authors: Cai Jingming , Pan Jinlong , Lu Cong , Li Xiaopeng
Published: November 2018

In this paper, the mechanical behaviours of circular concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) columns were numerically investigated with the Abaqus/standard solver software. Based on the analysis of contact stress between the core concrete and the steel tube, it was found that the contact stress was non-uniformly distributed for CFST columns under eccentric loading, which is quite different from CFST columns under axial loading. A new concrete constitutive model, which considered the influence of eccentricity and depicted all loading stages, was developed. Existing experimental results were employed to validate the proposed constitutive model. It is concluded that the current model proposed in this paper is accurate in simulating the eccentric behaviour of CFST columns. Parameter study was also conducted to examine the effect of steel tube ratio (αs), yield strength of steel tube (fty) and compression strength of core concrete (fccu) on the mechanical behaviours of the CFST column under eccentric loading.
Seismic behaviour of RC columns with lap-spliced crossties under various axial loads
Authors: Lee Tai-Kuang , Chen Cheng-Cheng
Published: November 2018

Lap-spliced crossties are formed from the lap splicing of two J-shaped reinforcement bars (rebars) with a 180° hook on one end and a straight end on the other. In this study, cyclic lateral load testing of four large-scale reinforced-concrete (RC) column specimens was performed. Moreover, the integrity of lap-spliced crossties and the seismic performance of RC columns with lap-spliced crossties under various axial load ratios were examined. The results indicated the following. (i) Under various axial load ratios, column specimens with lap-spliced crossties were verified to possess favourable seismic performance and effectiveness in confining the concrete core. (ii) For all specimens with lap-spliced crossties, the straight ends of the J-shaped reinforcement bars did not slide toward the column interior. This indicated that the two J-shaped reinforcement bars were effectively combined into a crosstie with 180° hooks on both ends. (iii) Compared to conventional crossties, lap-spliced crossties are not only easier to install but also more effective in confining core concrete since lap-spliced crossties possess two effective seismic hooks while conventional crossties possess just one.
Association of Blood Pressure Trajectories in Early Life with Subclinical Renal Damage in Middle Age
Authors: Zheng Wenling , Mu Jianjun , Chu Chao , Hu Jiawen , Yan Yu , Ma Qiong , Lv Yongbo , Xu Xianjing , Wang Keke , Wang Yang , Deng Ying , Yan Bo , Yang Ruihai , Yang Jun , Ren Yong , Yuan Zuyi
Published: November 2018

Background

Although high BP is one of the most important factors affecting renal function, whether longitudinal BP trajectories in early life course are associated with renal function damage in later life is unclear.

Methods

To investigate the correlation between BP trajectories from childhood to adulthood and renal function in middle age, we used group-based trajectory models to identify BP trajectories in 2430 individuals (aged 6–15 years old at baseline) participating in the ongoing Hanzhong Adolescent Hypertension Cohort. We tested the association between these trajectories and subclinical renal damage in middle age, adjusting for several covariates.

Results

We identified four distinct systolic BP trajectories among 2430 subjects: low stable, moderate stable, high stable, and moderate increasing on the basis of systolic BP levels at baseline and during the 30-year follow-up period. The urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) was higher in moderate stable, high stable, and moderate increasing groups compared with the low stable group. A total of 228 individuals had subclinical renal disease by 2017. Compared with the low stable trajectory group, the other groups had increasingly greater odds of experiencing subclinical renal disease in middle age. These associations were not altered after adjustment for other covariates, except for in the moderate stable group. Analyzed results were similar for the mean arterial pressure and diastolic BP trajectory groups.

Conclusions

Higher BP trajectories were correlated with higher of uACR levels and risk of subclinical renal disease in middle age. Identifying long-term BP trajectories from early age may assist in predicting individuals’ renal function in later life.
Reovirus Viral Purification v2
Authors: Mainou Bernardo
Published: November 2018

Purification of mammalian orthoreovirus by CsCl gradient
Управление знаниями в условиях инновационной экономики
Authors: Пономарев Виктор Анатольевич , Пономарева Татьяна Петровна
Published: November 2018

В статье рассматриваются вопросы управления знаниями в условиях инновационной экономики.
Speed increasing scheme by using 3000v dc power supply for low-speed Maglev
Authors: Wang Xiaohua , Jin Yu , Lin Ying , Lu Diqiang , Qin Feng
Published: November 2018

Background: Low-speed maglev is usually designed to run at a maximum speed of about 100~110 km/h, the system does not have any advantage to the traditional urban railway transportation system at the aspect of running speed.
Aim: Increase the speed of low-speed Maglev is an urgent task for future promotion.
Methods: This paper presents a speed increasing scheme by using 3000 V DC power supply instead of original 1500 V DC.
Results: Under this condition, the max output voltage of propulsion inverter could be doubled. For reason that the insulation of linear induction motor has enough margin, only small adjustment of motor is needed to adapt the doubled voltage.
Conclusion: To calculate the performance of low-speed maglev while using 3000 V DC, a T-model circuit of single-sided linear induction motor is built, and the result shows that the maximum running speed could be increased to over 160 km/h. This scheme provides a promising way for speed increasing, and it’s a simple and economical approach to enhance the competitiveness of low-speed maglev.
Empirical investigation of possible concerns regarding the use of magnetic levitation elevators
Authors: Kirchner Manuel
Published: November 2018

Aim: This study focused on an issue regarding an innovation of magnetic levitation elevators which was by different media coverage indicated as being unresolved: Are potential users of magnetic levitation elevators concerned about the safe use of these elevators and, if so, what kind of concerns exist?
Methods of the studies: To contribute a first scientifically sound assessment to this, a three-day face-to-face survey at the elevator test tower in Rottweil (Baden-Wuerttemberg), where aforesaid elevator technology is tested, has been conducted. (Touristic) visitors of the tower and the observation platform on it have been surveyed a standardized questionnaire.
Results: The results have shown that the average tendency of prospective conceivable users tends to be free of concerns. In addition, a share of about one-sixth has both expressed and concretized concerns. Those relate mainly to new characteristics of this elevator technology – absence of ropes, magnetic levitation, magnetic field presence – partially associated with known aspects such as power loss.
Conclusion: The study provides an explorative contribution to the topic described. Thusly it seems to be particularly interesting for both researchers willing to look further at this or similar areas and manufacturers or future clients of the technology in the context of, for instance, communicating its prospective implementations.
Research on speed sensorless control of Maglev train with double-end power supply
Authors: Sun Pengkun , Ge Qiongxuan , Li Yaohua , Wang Xiaoxin
Published: November 2018

Background: The core technology of the stable operation of the maglev train is how to accurately obtain the train speed, position and motor angle information.
Aim:  Using speed sensorless control method to estimate the speed and position of the maglev train.
Methods of the studies: In the double-end power supply mode of the maglev train, the principle of the extended back electromotive force (EEMF) of the AC motor is extended to the control of the long stator permanent magnet synchronous linear motor.
Results: The mathematical model for the power supply system of long-stator permanent magnet linear synchronous motor is established; based on the principle of EEMF of rotating motor, the EEMF observer is designed. The speed of the maglev train and the rotor angle are obtained by the method of phase locked loop (PLL).
Conclusion: Through the semi-physical simulation experiment, the speed sensorless control method is verified to be effective.