bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La taille de la pierre sur l'aqueduc romain d'Arles au Vallon des Arcs à Fontvieille (B.-du-Rh.)
Authors: Vacca-Goutoulli Mireille
Published: July 2011

The study of stone-cutting and traces of tools on the blocks of the aqueduct in the Vallon des Arcs in Fontvieille compared with the results yielded by the archeological digging gives information on how the building works were carried out, and on the reuse and the late reprocessing of the stones. Two works of the Aries aqueduct, the Simian bridge and the "vallée des Baux" bridge were the topic of additional observations which sometimes acknowledge the conclusions.
Le buste indigène de l'oppidum du Camp de César à Laudun (Gard)
Authors: Goury Dominic
Published: July 2011

Le dégagement des abords du forum a entraîné en 1992 la découverte d'un buste acéphale dont l'identification est délicate. Cette œuvre unique dans la région de Bagnols-sur-Cèze a sans conteste été produite dans un atelier régional, voire local, entre le Ier s. av. et ler s. ap. J.-C.
La statuaire antique d'Alba dans son contexte topographique : découvertes anciennes et récentes
Authors: Dupraz Joëlle , Cossalter Nathalie
Published: July 2011

Parmi les résultats des recherches obtenus sur le site d'Alba ces dernières années, on compte la découverte d'un lot de sculptures dans son contexte archéologique ainsi que l'étude d'un autre lot issu de la fouille de 1821. La description et l'analyse de ces documents lapidaires replacés dans leur contexte archéologique nous permet une relecture de la topographie du site à travers l'identification possible d'un sanctuaire des eaux au quartier du Palais et d'un sanctuaire au quartier de Bagnols.
Deux fours gallo-romains découverts dans le camp militaire de Canjuers (Var)
Authors: Boyer Raymond
Published: July 2011

La pose d'un pluvial dans le camp militaire de Canjuers a donné lieu à la découverte de deux fours : l'un représenté par des vestiges de la paroi de la chambre de chauffe, l'autre, mieux conservé, comprend l'alandier et une partie importante de la chambre de chauffe. Datation par thermoluminescence : premiere moitié du IVe siècle ap. J.-C. La présence de colifichets peut indiquer la production de vases céramiques.
Habitat et environnement autour de l'étang de l'Or au premier millénaire. Approches pluridisciplinaires
Authors: André Joël , Chabal Lucie , Bui Thi Mai  , Raynaud Claude
Published: July 2011

Dans le cadre des recherches sur la région littorale entre Nimes et Montpellier, les analyses anthracologiques, malacologiques et palynologiques pratiquées sur plusieurs chantiers archéologiques révèlent des aspects méconnus de l'environnement des établissements antiques. Epuisement ou maintien de la forêt, ouverture du milieu, drainage, emprise et déprise agraire : les travaux soulignent les contrastes et les décalages temporels entre des terroirs voisins, mettant en garde contre les risques d'extrapolation. Entre la fin de l'Age du Fer et le haut Moyen Age, apparaissent ainsi les effets de l'occupation sur le milieu, envisagé de manière détaillée sur les sites de Lunel Viel, Dassargues et les Lanes. Attentive aux problèmes de méthodologie et d'interprétation des données, l'étude pose les premiers jalons d'une entreprise de longue haleine.
La villa romaine des Platanes à Saint-Tropez (Var)
Authors: Brun Jean-Pierre , Aycard Philippe , Cazalas Gabriel , Lecacheur Pascal , Leguilloux Martine , Pálfi György
Published: July 2011

In 1995 an emergency excavation was carried out on a Roman Villa known by researches dated back to 1930 but still unpublished. The synthesis of old and recent data allows to distinguish eight phases of evolution of the ancient living conditions on a period spreading out from the first century B.C. till the sixth century A.D. Though the study does not bring any evidence concerning the identification of Saint-Tropez as the town of Athenopolis mentionned by Pliny and Pomponius Mela, it is noticeable that the Plane Trees site was likely to be occupied since the second quarter of the first century B.C., that is to say before the « deductio » of the Frejus colony, and that is has yielded a Greek funerary inscription of the Imperial time. Another point needs to be underlined: the late phases shows a luxurious rural building which was occupied at least until the first quarter of the sixth century and was very likely provided with a paleochristian place of worship.
Recherches sur la société d'une agglomération de la cité de Vienne : Aoste (Isère)
Authors: Rémy Bernard , Jospin Jean-Pascal
Published: July 2011

Aoste (Isère), a small Romanlike uicus of the city of Vienne, was founded by Augustus perhaps to settle the office of the Gallia Narbonensis collectors of the twentieth freed slaves tax. A rather significant set of inscriptions and archeological documents assert that presently it is the only urban area within the city of Vienne to show such an industrial aspect with its ceramics, glass, plumber's and metal workshops. Through these documents we can study the juridical status as well as the denomination and the social and economic activity of its inhabitants ; we can also have a closer look at the religious practices and the evergetic behaviours of the small part of the population which could afford to have an inscription engraved.
Le culte impérial en Narbonnaise et dans les Alpes au Haut Empire : documents sculptés
Authors: Braemer François
Published: July 2011

Reviewing of provenances, even if they are supposed to be sure, of identifications and of possible remodeling of imperial portraits within a Mediterranean area is emphasized. The outstanding case of the "gallery" of effigies at Martres-Tolosane where there are several portraits of the same individual figured at different ages of his life with different aspects, particularly heir apparent, post-mortem portraits, figured as heros or not, amid others individuals, points out to the function of Imperial cult and the preservation of the Empire stability.
Un monument public de la seconde moitié du Ier s. ap. J.-C. à Aix-en-Provence (B.-du-Rh.) : trois blocs d'architecture conservés au Musée Granet
Authors: Gros P. , Varène Pierre
Published: July 2011

L'analyse technique de ces trois blocs permet de restituer l'entablement de ce qui était très probablement un portique ; l'étude de leur décor conduit à dater ce monument au plus tôt dans le dernier tiers du Ier s. ap. J.-C. ; on ne peut que proposer des hypothèses sur le reste de l'ordre (diamètre inférieur, hauteur, espacement des colonnes) dont rien n'est connu.
Production et diffusion de la céramique « allobroge » : état de la question
Authors: Dangréaux Bernard
Published: July 2011

La céramique allobroge est caractérisée par une signature inscrite en relief sur la partie externe de son fond. Elle fut ainsi qualifiée à la fin du XIXe s. lorsqu'on s'aperçut que les découvertes intéressaient essentiellement le territoire de la cité de Vienne. Une récente enquête, portant sur quelque mille cinq cents signatures, a confirmé ce constat en même temps quelle a pu dresser l'état de la question sur la production et la diffusion de cette céramique. Les éléments rassemblés aujourd'hui (chronologie, typologie, inventaire des signatures et des lieux de découverte et/ou de conservation) pourront ainsi servir de base à de nouvelles investigations.
Un fragment de trésor monétaire d'époque romaine (seconde moitié du IIIe siècle ap. J.-C.) provenant de Saint-Vincent-de-Mercuze (Isère), ancienne collection Hippolyte Müller
Authors: Estiot Sylviane , Rémy Bernard , Richard Jean-Claude Michel
Published: July 2011

La collection H. Millier a longtemps conservé des monnaies ou des fragments de trésors réunis par le savant grenoblois. Parmi ces derniers, 31 exemplaires proviennent du trésor découvert en janvier 1899 à Saint-Vincent-de-Mercuze (Isère), riche à l'origine d'environ 1 550 monnaies et dont H. Mûller avait publié un catalogue succinct de 1 512 exemplaires. Les 31 exemplaires publiés ici datent d'une période allant d'Aurélien (271) à Maximien (299) ; ils sont le seul vestige d'un ensemble monétaire important désormais éparpillé.
Présentation du dossier : villa et vicus en Narbonnaise, un débat
Authors: Garmy Pierre , Leveau Philippe
Published: July 2011

L'objectif poursuivi dans le dossier est double : susciter la publication de fouilles et d'études qui ont porté sur des sites archéologiques ruraux dont l'identification est problématique ; relancer la réflexion sur deux formes d'habitat que l'on oppose habituellement. L'ordre des articles est expliqué et justifié.
Les thermes de l'oppidum de Gaujac (Gard)
Authors: Charmasson Jean
Published: July 2011

Les thermes de Gaujac (Gard) ont été construits au début du premier siècle dans le cadre de la restructuration d'un oppidum privé de source et de puits. La nécessité de les doter d'un réseau d'alimentation par l'eau de pluie, établi progressivement, explique les deux états successifs de leur évolution. Un troisième état, post-thermal, mis en place à la suite d'un affaissement brutal du sol, peut-être d'origine sismique, au début du IIIe s., concerne un petit sanctuaire à la déesse Fortuna qui restera en activité jusqu'à la fin du IIIe s.
Loyalisme politique et culte impérial dans la cité de Vienne au Haut Empire d'après les inscriptions
Authors: Rémy Bernard
Published: July 2011

Parmi les quatre-vingt-sept inscriptions de la cité de Vienne concernant le "culte impérial", d'Auguste à Claude II, retrouvées essentiellement dans les villes et les agglomérations urbaines, on peut distinguer cinq grands types de documents : les hommages directs aux empereurs vivants et aux membres de la famille impériale, les dédicaces de monuments pour la sauvegarde de l'empereur, les dédicaces aux divinités pour la sauvegarde de la maison divine, les dédicaces aux puissances divines des Augustes et les dédicaces à la Victoire impériale. La plupart des textes sont des actes publics de loyalisme politique, voire d'attachement à l'empereur et aux siens, mais une démarche religieuse est assurée pour certaines inscriptions. L'organisation du culte public est assez mal connu. On recense un flamine et une flaminique provinciaux, onze (?) flamines, neuf (?) flaminiques municipaux et vingt-six sévirs augustaux.
Récentes découvertes épigraphiques dans le Rhône à Arles (Bouches-du-Rhône)
Authors: Heijmans Marc
Published: July 2011

Cet article présente une stèle funéraire trouvée récemment dans le Rhône à Arles. Elle a été élevée en l'honneur d'un Hermias, par ses collègues désignés comme partiari, un adjectif non attesté par ailleurs, mais qui renvoie probablement à un métier portuaire. Sous l'inscription figurent les dessins d'un bateau, d'une ascia et d'un fil-à-plomb. Cette stèle doit être mise en relation avec la nécropole de la Gare Maritime, dans la partie occidentale de Trinquetaille, qui a fourni plusieurs stèles du IIe siècle ap. J.-C.
Mercure et les Ateii de Carpentorate (Carpentras, Vaucluse). Note sur une inscription récemment découverte
Authors: Carru Dominique , Christol Michel , Janon Michel
Published: July 2011

La découverte à Carpentras (Vaucluse) d'une dédicace à Mercure fournit l'occasion de préciser la place de ce dieu dans la cité de Carpentorate et, plus généralement, dans les cités de Narbonnaise dont les inscriptions ont été revues par le programme Inscriptions Latines de Narbonnaise (ILN). Le gentilice des dédicants, Ateius, est rare en Narbonnaise et, jusqu'à présent, se retrouvait seulement chez les Allobroges, en particulier à Vienne. C'est peut-être dans cette cité qu'étaient installés les ateliers des Ateii, producteurs en Gaule de céramiques "arétines". On est tenté de mettre en relation les Ateii de Carpentorate, d'une part avec leurs homonymes viennois, d'autre part avec les artisans, pour l'instant anonymes, qui produisaient à Mazan (territoire de Carpentras) des objets de terre cuite d'une grande qualité.
Gilly, une agglomération gallo-romaine dans la Combe de Savoie
Authors: Barthélémy Henri
Published: July 2011

Since the 19th century, the agricultural area of Gilly, a village located at the bottom of a valley near Albertville, has yielded a large amount of Gallo-Roman items. Excavations carried out in two villae between 1975 and 1990, followed by a series of soundings and aerial photo- graphs from 1981 to 1987, have brought to light the existence of a town, significant in terms of its roads and worship ; it appears to have converged onto a large sanctuary that probably included fana, a temple and a public square. Its closeness to an important crossroads and to the border with the Graiae Alpes raises the problem of its relations with the customs statio of Ad Publicanos .
Recherches sur la topographie de Cularo (Grenoble, Isère) aux Ier - IIIe siècles après J.-C
Authors: Jospin Jean-Pascal
Published: July 2011

The Gallo-Roman city of Grenoble being located under today's old town, we cannot accurately analyze the physiognomy of Cularo. Some textual sources, the epigraphy as well as old and more recent interventions would indicate that Grenoble was a well-established city, endowed with public and religious buildings - regarding which we know very little -, a well-designed network of streets and tertiary activities (customs centre, pagus county town, for example). With a limited surface area (around 15 hectares), the antique town of Grenoble was therefore a well-equip- ped, middle-sized Gaul town.
L'agglomération secondaire antique d'Optevoz (Isère). Un état des connaissances
Authors: Royet Robert , Coquidé Catherine
Published: July 2011

La multiplication de sondages préalables dans le village d'Optevoz croisés avec les résultats de prospections systématiques des campagnes environnantes permet de renouveler la vision d'une agglomération antique jusqu'ici mal connue malgré des découvertes anciennes. Cet article suggère la subordination de cet habitat groupé à une grande villa voisine.
Valganciclovir as Pre-Emptive Therapy for Cytomegalovirus Infection in Allogeneic Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients
Authors:   Spanish Network for Research on Infection in Transplantation (RESITRA/REIPI). Spain, Ruiz-Camps Isabel , Len Oscar , de la Cámara Rafael , Gurguí Mercedes , Martino Rodrigo , Jarque Isidro , Barrenetxea Cristina , de Heredia Cristina Díaz , Batlle Montserrat , Rovira Montserrat , de la Torre Julián , Torres Antonio , Aguilar Manuela , Espigado Ildefonso , Martín-Dávila Pilar , Bou German , Borrell Nuria , Aguado Jose Maria , Pahissa Albert
Published: July 2011

Background

In haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients, cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality in both the early and late post-transplant period. Ganciclovir (GCV) is the treatment of choice for CMV, but requires intravenous administration, a fact that complicates its long-term use. Oral valganciclovir (VGCV) and intravenous GCV were recently shown to have similar efficacy for pre-emptive CMV treatment in solid organ transplant recipients, but relatively limited data are available in HSCT recipients. The objectives of this study were to compare the efficacy of VGCV versus intravenous GCV or foscarnet (FOS) for pre-emptive therapy of active CMV infection in allogeneic HSCT and to determine the incidence of adverse effects and relapses.

Methods

This was a 2-year prospective, comparative cohort study in which 237 episodes of pre-emptive therapy for active CMV infection were collected in 166 allogeneic HSCT recipients out of 717 included in the Spanish Network for Research on Infection in Transplantation (RESITRA/REIPI) database. Intravenous GCV was the first-line treatment in 112 episodes, intravenous FOS in 38 episodes, and oral VGCV in 87 episodes.

Results

VGCV was used as pre-emptive therapy for active CMV infection in 87 episodes. Excluding episodes considered as relapse, VGCV was as successful (91.4% [74/81]) as GCV (83.7% [87/14]) or FOS (75.8% [25/33]). In the VGCV arm, 7 (8.6%) cases were considered treatment failures: 4 (4.9%) because of adverse events, 1 (1.2%) due to persistent viral activity and 2 (2.5%) based on clinical decision. There were also 6 (7.4%) cases of recurrent infection. No statistically significant differences were found when compared to GCV or FOS.

Conclusions

In allogeneic HSCT recipients, VGCV seemed effective and safe in the pre-emptive therapy of active CMV infection.
Global modelling of H2 mixing ratios and isotopic compositions with the TM5 model
Authors: Pieterse G. , Krol M. C. , Batenburg A. M. , Steele L. P. , Krummel P. B. , Langenfelds R. L. , Röckmann T.
Published: July 2011

Abstract. The isotopic composition of molecular hydrogen (H2) contains independent information for constraining the global H2 budget. To explore this, we have implemented hydrogen sources and sinks, including their stable isotopic composition and isotope fractionation constants, into the global chemistry transport model TM5. For the first time, a global model now includes a simplified but explicit isotope reaction scheme for the photochemical production of H2. We present a comparison of modelled results for the H2 mixing ratio and isotope composition with available measurements on seasonal to inter annual time scales for the years 2001–2007. The base model results agree well with observations for H2 mixing ratios. For δD[H2], modelled values are slightly lower than measurements. A detailed sensitivity study is performed to identify the most important parameters for modelling the isotopic composition of H2. The results show that on the global scale, the discrepancy between model and measurements can be closed by adjusting the default values of the isotope effects in deposition, photochemistry and the stratosphere-troposphere exchange within the known range of uncertainty. However, the available isotope data do not provide sufficient information to uniquely constrain the global isotope budget. Therefore, additional studies focussing on the isotopic composition near the tropopause and on the isotope effects in the photochemistry and deposition are recommended.
Sky cover from MFRSR observations
Authors: Kassianov E. , Barnard J. C. , Berg L. K. , Flynn C. , Long C. N.
Published: July 2011

Abstract. The diffuse all-sky surface irradiances measured at two nearby wavelengths in the visible spectral range and their modeled clear-sky counterparts are the main components of a new method for estimating the fractional sky cover of different cloud types, including cumuli. The performance of this method is illustrated using 1-min resolution data from a ground-based Multi-Filter Rotating Shadowband Radiometer (MFRSR). The MFRSR data are collected at the US Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Climate Research Facility (ACRF) Southern Great Plains (SGP) site during the summer of 2007 and represent 13 days with cumuli. Good agreement is obtained between estimated values of the fractional sky cover and those provided by a well-established independent method based on broadband observations.
Diversity of cultivated and metabolically active aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria along an oligotrophic gradient in the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Jeanthon C. , Boeuf D. , Dahan O. , Le Gall F. , Garczarek L. , Bendif E. M. , Lehours A.-C.
Published: July 2011

Abstract. Aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic (AAP) bacteria play significant roles in the bacterioplankton productivity and biogeochemical cycles of the surface ocean. In this study, we applied both cultivation and mRNA-based molecular methods to explore the diversity of AAP bacteria along an oligotrophic gradient in the Mediterranean Sea in early summer 2008. Colony-forming units obtained on three different agar media were screened for the production of bacteriochlorophyll-a (BChl-a), the light-harvesting pigment of AAP bacteria. BChl-a-containing colonies represented a low part of the cultivable fraction. In total, 54 AAP strains were isolated and the phylogenetic analyses based on their 16S rRNA and pufM genes showed that they were all affiliated to the Alphaproteobacteria. The most frequently isolated strains belonged to Citromicrobium bathyomarinum, and Erythrobacter and Roseovarius species. Most other isolates were related to species not reported to produce BChl-a and/or may represent novel taxa. Direct extraction of RNA from seawater samples enabled the analysis of the expression of pufM, the gene coding for the M subunit of the reaction centre complex of aerobic anoxygenic photosynthesis. Clone libraries of pufM gene transcripts revealed that most phylotypes were highly similar to sequences previously recovered from the Mediterranean Sea and a large majority (~94 %) was affiliated to the Gammaproteobacteria. The most abundantly detected phylotypes occurred in the western and eastern Mediterranean basins. However, some were exclusively detected in the eastern basin, reflecting the highest diversity of pufM transcripts observed in this ultra-oligotrophic region. To our knowledge, this is the first study to document extensively the diversity of AAP isolates and to unveil the active AAP community in an oligotrophic marine environment. By pointing out the discrepancies between culture-based and molecular methods, this study highlights the existing gaps in the understanding of the AAP bacteria ecology, especially in the Mediterranean Sea and likely globally.
Patterns of water infiltration and soil degradation over a 120-yr chronosequence from forest to agriculture in western Kenya
Authors: Nyberg G. , Bargués Tobella A. , Kinyangi J. , Ilstedt U.
Published: July 2011

Abstract. Soil degradation is commonly reported in the tropics where forest is converted to agriculture. Much of the native forest in the highlands of western Kenya has been converted to agricultural land in order to feed the growing population, and more land is being cleared. In tropical Africa, this land use change results in progressive soil degradation, as the period of cultivation increases. Sites that were converted to agriculture at different times can be evaluated as a chronosequence; this can aid in our understanding of the processes at work, particularly those in the soil. Both levels and variation of infiltration, soil carbon and other parameters are influenced by management within agricultural systems, but they have rarely been well documented in East Africa. We constructed a chronosequence for an area of western Kenya, using two native forest sites and six fields that had been converted to agriculture for varying lengths of time. We assessed changes in infiltrability (the steady-state infiltration rate), soil C and N, bulk density, δ13C, and the proportion of macro- and microaggregates in soil along a 119 yr chronosequence of conversion from natural forest to agriculture. Infiltration, soil C and N, decreased rapidly after conversion, while bulk density increased. Median infiltration rates fell to about 15 % of the initial values in the forest and C and N values dropped to around 60 %, whilst the bulk density increased by 50 %. Despite high spatial variability in infiltrability, these parameters correlated well with time since conversion and with each other. Our results indicate that landscape planners should include wooded elements in the landscape in sufficient quantity to ensure water infiltration at rates that prevent runoff and erosion. This should be the case for restoring degraded landscapes, as well as for the development of new agricultural areas.
Estimation of baseflow parameters of variable infiltration capacity model with soil and topography properties for predictions in ungauged basins
Authors: Bao Z. , Liu J. , Zhang J. , Fu G. , Wang G. , Yan X. , Zhang A. , Xu Q. , Shang M.
Published: July 2011

Abstract. Equifinality is unavoidable when transferring model parameters from gauged catchments to ungauged catchments for predictions in ungauged basins (PUB). A framework for estimating the three baseflow parameters of variable infiltration capacity (VIC) model, directly with soil and topography properties is presented. When the new parameters setting methodology is used, the number of parameters needing to be calibrated is reduced from six to three, that leads to a decrease of equifinality and uncertainty. This is validated by Monte Carlo simulations in 24 hydro-climatic catchments in China. Using the new parameters estimation approach, model parameters become more sensitive and the extent of parameters space will be smaller when a threshold of goodness-of-fit is given. That means the parameters uncertainty is reduced with the new parameters setting methodology. In addition, the uncertainty of model simulation is estimated by the generalised likelihood uncertainty estimation (GLUE) methodology. The results indicate that the uncertainty of streamflow simulations, i.e., confidence interval, is lower with the new parameters estimation methodology compared to that used by original calibration methodology. The new baseflow parameters estimation framework could be applied in VIC model and other appropriate models for PUB.
Graves’ Orbitopathy: Extraocular Muscle/Total Orbit Area Ratio is Positively Related to the Clinical Activity Score
Authors: Le Moli Rosario , Pluchino Alessandro , Muscia Vincenzo , Regalbuto Concetto , Luciani Bruno , Squatrito Sebastiano , Vigneri Riccardo
Published: July 2011

Background and Objective

Both extraocular muscle (EOM) and orbital fat are involved in Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) but their enlargement might occur with a different temporal pattern. Two GO subtypes have been described, one with predominant EOM enlargement and the other with prevalent fat tissue involvement. We longitudinally investigated the EOM in patients with GO and their relationship with clinical activity.

Patients and Methods

By using commercial software with a segmentation technique, we calculated from computed tomography (CT) scan EOM coronal area (CA) and total orbit coronal area (TOA) in 23 control subjects and in 32 patients with GO. The latter were studied both at presentation and 18 months later. Superior, lateral, inferior, and medial EOM areas and TOA were selected by 3 different contiguous CT slices: A, B, and C, chosen at globe pole tangent and 2 and 4 mm backward. The Clinical Activity Score (CAS) was also measured.

Results

Orbital EOM CA/TOA ratio (OM/TOA ratio) after 18 months decreased in most patients with GO, indicating that EOM area decrement contributed significantly to OM/TOA ratio reduction. Clinical Activity Score decrease was significantly correlated to the OM/TOA ratio decrease.

Conclusions

An easy method to measure CA of EOM and orbit allowed us to observe that in most patients with GO the OM/TOA ratio decreases with time, suggesting that macroscopic EOM involvement occurs initially and resolves as the other clinical signs and symptoms of the disease resolve, as indicated by the significant OM/TOA ratio correlation with CAS.
Lactic Acid Bacteria Enriched from Human Gastric Biopsies
Authors: Hakalehto Elias , Vilpponen-Salmela Terttu , Kinnunen Kristiina , von Wright Atte
Published: July 2011

The purpose of this paper was to check if viable bacteria, in particular lactic acid bacteria (LAB), could be enriched from biopsies obtained from healthy gastroscopy patients.
Gastric biopsies were obtained from 13 gastroscopy patients and subjected to an anaerobic or microaerophilic enrichment procedure utilizing the Portable Microbe Enrichment Unit (PMEU). Profuse microbial growth was observed in most cases. Samples plated on MRS showed high numbers of LAB. The most common species characterized were Lactobacillus reuteri, Lact. salivarius, and Streptococcus salivarius. The results demonstrate a continuous presence of viable LAB in healthy stomach. The species are similar to those traditionally used in food applications. The gastric LAB strains could have a potential in developing probiotic foods aimed specially on the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract.
Survivorship navigation outcome measures
Authors: Pratt‐Chapman Mandi , Simon Melissa A. , Patterson Angela K. , Risendal Betsy C. , Patierno Steven
Published: July 2011

Survivorship navigation is a relatively new concept in the field of patient navigation but an important one. This article highlights the essential functions of the survivorship navigator and defines core outcomes and measures for navigation in the survivorship period. Barriers to access to care experienced by patients during active cancer treatment can continue into the post‐treatment period, affecting quality follow‐up care for survivors. These barriers to care can be particularly acute for non‐English speakers, immigrants, the uninsured, the underinsured, and other vulnerable populations. The survivorship navigator can help reduce barriers and facilitate access to survivorship care and services through communication and information exchange for patients. Survivorship navigation may improve appropriate health care utilization through education and care coordination, potentially improving health outcomes and quality of life of survivors while reducing cost to the health care system. Survivorship navigators can also educate survivors on how to improve their overall wellness, thereby directly impacting the health of a growing population of cancer survivors. Cancer 2011;117(15 suppl):3573–82. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Assessing the impact of patient navigation
Authors: Battaglia Tracy A. , Burhansstipanov Linda , Murrell Samantha S. , Dwyer Andrea J. , Caron and Sarah E. ,   on behalf of The Prevention and Early Detection Workgroup from the National Patient Navigation Leadership Summit
Published: July 2011

BACKGROUND.

The lack of comparable metrics to evaluate prevention and early detection patient navigation programs impeded the ability to identify best practices.

METHODS.

The Prevention and Early Detection Workgroup of the Patient Navigation Leadership Summit was charged with making recommendations for common clinical metrics specific to the prevention and early detection phase of the cancer care continuum. The workgroup began with a review of existing literature to characterize variability in published navigation metrics; then developed a list of priority recommendations that would be applicable to the range of navigation settings (clinical, academic, or community‐based).

RESULTS.

Recommendations for researchers and program evaluators included the following: 1) Clearly document key program characteristics; 2) Use a set of core data elements to form the basis of your reported metrics; and 3) Prioritize data collection using methods with the least amount of bias.

CONCLUSIONS.

If navigation programs explicitly state the context of their evaluation and choose from among the common set of data elements, meaningful comparisons among existing programs should be feasible. Cancer 2011;117(15 suppl):3551–562. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Analytic element modelling for strip aquifers
Authors: Batista José Anderson N. , Wendland Edson , Schulz Harry E.
Published: July 2011

The Analytic Element Method (AEM) provides a convenient tool for groundwater flow analysis in unbounded continuous domains. The AEM is based on the superposition of analytic functions, known as elements, useful at both regional and local scales. In this study, analytic elements for strip aquifers are presented. Such aquifers occur in riverine or coastal deposits and in outcrop zones of confined aquifers. Local flow field is modelled indirectly, using a reference plane related to the aquifer domain through the Schwarz‐Christoffel transform. The regional flow is obtained as a solution of the one‐dimensional flow equation. The proposed methodology was tested by modelling two hypothetical situations, which were compared to exact solutions. It is shown that regional boundaries can be reproduced exactly while local fields are adequately reproduced with analytic elements. The developed elements are applied to simulate a real flow field in northeastern Brazil showing good agreement with measured water levels. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison of cranial form and function in association with diet in natricine snakes
Authors: Hampton Paul M.
Published: July 2011

The skull of squamates has many functions, with food acquisition and ingestion being paramount. Snakes vary interspecifically in the frequency, size, and types of prey that are consumed. Natural selection should favor phenotypes that minimize the costs of energy acquisition; therefore, trophic morphology should reflect a snake's primary prey type to enhance some aspect of feeding performance. I measured 19 cranial variables for six natricine species that vary in the frequency with which they consume frogs and fish. Both conventional and phylogenetically corrected analyses indicated that fish‐eating snakes have relatively longer upper and lower jaw elements than frog‐eating snakes, which tended to have broader skull components. I also compared the ratio of the in‐lever to the out‐lever lengths of the jaw‐closing mechanism [jaw mechanical advantage (MA)] among species. Fish‐eating snakes had significantly lower MAs in the jaws than did the frog‐eating snakes. This result suggests that piscivores have faster closing jaws and that the jaws of frog‐eating snakes have higher closing forces. Cranial morphology and the functional demands of prey capture and ingestion appear to be associated with primary prey type in natricine snakes. J. Morphol., 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A novel heart‐shaped monopole antenna for UWB and RFID applications
Authors: Yang Tang , Tian Xiao‐Jian
Published: July 2011

In this article, a heart‐shaped monopole antenna with wide bandwidth is proposed, which is composed of a heart‐shaped monopole patch and two rectangular ground plane, both of the structures are printed on the same side of a substrate and fed by a coplanar waveguide. The simulated and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed antenna performance is not only suitable for ultra wideband applications but also for radio‐frequency identification systems, the impedance bandwidth can be achieved from 2.1 to 11.5 GHz (S11<−10 dB), more than 110%. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:2288–2291, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26294
Sphincter of Oddi‐preserving and T‐Tube‐free Laparoscopic Management of Extrahepatic Bile Duct Calculi
Authors: Chen Chun‐Chih , Wu Shuo‐Dong , Tian Yu , Siwo Ernest Amos , Zeng Xin‐Tao , Zhang Guang‐Hui
Published: July 2011

Background

The current management of choledocholithiasis remains a controversial topic. Popular options for treatment include preoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) followed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), or LC and laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) with T‐tube decompression. Some concerns suggest that sphincterotomy has significant long‐term complications as a result of sphincter of Oddi (SO) dysfunction, and T‐tube decompression is historically associated with many complications and discomfort. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate our simple, safe techniques of LCBDE without a T‐tube and with an intact SO.

Methods

Between April 2006 and July 2009, a total of 44 selected patients with common bile duct (CBD) stones underwent laparoscopic exploration at our institution. Of 44 laparoscopic choledochotomies, primary choledochorrhaphy was performed on patients with preoperatively installed endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage (ERBD) tubes (n = 10, 22.73%) or endonasobiliary drainage (ENBD) tubes (n = 10, 22.73%) and on patients with intraoperative biliary drainage C‐tubes (n = 9, 20.45%) or pigtail J biliary drainage tubes (n = 15, 34.09%).

Results

The mean operating time for the ENBD, ERBD, J‐tube, and C‐tube groups were 97.8, 96.2, 102.1, and 98.7 min, respectively. There were no conversions to open surgery, and no intraoperative complications were experienced in any group. CBD clearance was achieved in 43 patients (97.73%). The mean lengths of follow‐up for the ENBD, ERBD, J‐tube, and C‐tube groups were 27.0, 26.7, 23.8, and 30.4 months, respectively; and none of the patients developed major biliary complications including recurrent stones.

Conclusions

Laparoscopic primary closure with internal and external biliary drainage tubes is safe and an effective alternative to T‐tube placement, especially for younger patient groups able to endure bile duct exploration. Sphincter of Oddi function is well preserved to prevent recurrent bile duct stones and bile duct cancer. Procedures are safe with great feasibility.
Critical Conditions
Authors: Fairlamb Horace L.
Published: July 2011

The postmodern debate has been heavily influenced by often contradictory conclusions about the foundations of knowledge: hermeneutics challenges epistemology, politics challenges science, identity theory challenges critical theory, pragmatism challenges formalism, and so on. Horace Fairlamb contends that philosophy's foundationist quest has usually been misconceived as a choice between a 'super-science' and theoretical anarchy. Through an examination of the history of foundationism, and detailed analysis of the work of leading theorists including Fish, Foucault, Derrida, Gadamer and Habermas, Dr Fairlamb argues for a less reductive and less arbitrary conception of knowledge and meaning. The result in this 1994 book is a sophisticated critique of contemporary theory with implications for philosophers as well as literary theorists, and an important contribution to the re-evaluation of theoretical discourse.
Rock Music
Authors: Wicke Peter
Published: July 2011

Rock music - powerful, sensual, loud and full of energy. It has changed the face of modern music. But what is its fascination for, and its significance in contemporary society and what cultural values does it reflect? Peter Wicke addresses these issues in a stimulating and penetrating study of rock music tracing the genesis and influence of this diverse strand of popular music. Beginning with the advent of rock 'n' roll, Wicke chronicles the development through Elvis Presley and the Beatles to the current music industry, its performers, and the impact of the music video. The book will appeal to readers with an interest in music history, popular culture, and media studies.
Geography of Hudson's Bay
Authors: Coats William
Published: July 2011

The publications of the Hakluyt Society (founded in 1846) made available edited (and sometimes translated) early accounts of exploration. The first series, which ran from 1847 to 1899, consists of 100 books containing published or previously unpublished works by authors from Christopher Columbus to Sir Francis Drake, and covering voyages to the New World, to China and Japan, to Russia and to Africa and India. This volume, published in 1852, was edited by John Barrow, son of the distinguished promoter of Arctic exploration Sir John Barrow. It contains two accounts of exploration around Hudson's Bay - the narrative of Captain William Coats who made several voyages in the region in the 1720s and 30s, and the ship's log and other documents of Captain Middleton of H.M.S. Furnace who in 1741–2 attempted to discover the much sought-after North-West Passage from the Atlantic to the Pacific.
Lists of Manuscripts Formerly in Peterborough Abbey Library
Authors: James Montague Rhodes
Published: July 2011

M. R. James (1862–1936) is probably best remembered as a writer of chilling ghost stories, but he was an outstanding scholar of medieval literature and palaeography, who served both as Provost of King's College, Cambridge, and as Director of the Fitzwilliam Museum, and many of his stories reflect his academic background. His detailed descriptive catalogues of manuscripts owned by colleges, cathedrals and museums are still of value to scholars today. First published in 1929, this book lists over 300 separate volumes which were part of the library of Peterborough Abbey before the Dissolution. James reconstructs this list from sources including lists of books bequeathed to the Abbey, ancient catalogues, and extant books which can be identified as belonging to the library in the medieval period. He also provides a short analysis of his sources. Now reissued, this book will be welcomed by librarians and researchers alike.
Travels of Pietro della Valle in India
Authors: Della Valle Pietro
Published: July 2011

The publications of the Hakluyt Society (founded in 1846) made available edited (and sometimes translated) early accounts of exploration. The first series, which ran from 1847 to 1899, consists of 100 books containing published or previously unpublished works by authors from Christopher Columbus to Sir Francis Drake, and covering voyages to the New World, to China and Japan, to Russia and to Africa and India. A member of a noble Roman family, Pietro della Valle began travelling in 1614 at the suggestion of a doctor, as an alternative to suicide after a failed love affair. The letters describing his travels in Turkey, Persia and India were addressed to this advisor. This 1664 English translation of della Valle's letters from India, republished by the Hakluyt Society in 1892, contains fascinating ethnographic details, particularly on religious beliefs, and is an important source for the history of the Keladi region of South India.
The Life of Hersch Lauterpacht
Authors: Lauterpacht Elihu
Published: July 2011

Hersch Lauterpacht, of whom this book is an intimate biography by his son, Elihu, was one of the most prolific and influential international lawyers of the first half of the twentieth century. Having come to England from Austria in the early 1920s, he first researched and taught at the London School of Economics before moving to Cambridge in 1937 to become Whewell Professor of International Law. He did valuable work to enhance relations with the United States during the Second World War and was active after the war in the prosecution of William Joyce and the major Nazi war criminals. For ten years he was also involved in various significant items of professional work and in 1955 he was elected a judge of the International Court of Justice. The book contains many extracts from his correspondence, the interest of which will extend to lawyers, historians of the period and beyond.
Villainage in England
Authors: Vinogradoff Paul
Published: July 2011

Russian historian and jurist Sir Paul Vinogradoff (1854–1925) maintained throughout his life a serious scholarly interest in the history of Great Britain, his adopted country. Elected to a professorship at Oxford in 1903, to the British Academy in 1905, and knighted for services to the realm in increasing Anglo-Russian understanding during the war (1917), Vinogradoff demonstrates in this book of 1892 both his interest in feudal England and his historiographic approach, which relied on detailed research using primary sources to examine individuals, communities, and social structures. Divided into two essays - 'The Peasantry of the Feudal Age' and 'The Manor and the Village Community' - the work used England's extensive feudal records to draw a general character of the period. Villainage will interest students of English or European mediaeval history and scholars of mediaeval legal history and of developments in nineteenth-century historiography.
English Women of Letters
Authors: Kavanagh Julia
Published: July 2011

The Irish novelist Julia Kavanagh (1824–1877) published English Women of Letters in two volumes in 1862. The work, which formed a pair with French Women of Letters (1862), traces the contribution of English women writers, from the seventeenth century to the nineteenth, to the development and formation of the modern novel. Volume 1 contains biographical sketches of five female authors followed by evaluations of their most important works: Aphra Behn (1640–1689) and Oroonoko; Sarah Fielding (1710–1768) and David Simple; Madame D'Arblay (1752–1840), also known as Fanny Burney, and Evelina and Cecilia; Charlotte Smith (1749–1806) and Emmeline, Ethelinda and The Old Manor House; and Ann Radcliff (1764–1823), and four of her gothic novels. This important work brought to attention in the Victorian mind the importance of these writers. It has served for many generations of English literature students as a biographical companion to women writers.
Familiar Objects and their Shadows
Authors: Elder Crawford L.
Published: July 2011

Most contemporary metaphysicians are sceptical about the reality of familiar objects such as dogs and trees, people and desks, cells and stars. They prefer an ontology of the spatially tiny or temporally tiny. Tiny microparticles 'dog-wise arranged' explain the appearance, they say, that there are dogs; microparticles obeying microphysics collectively cause anything that a baseball appears to cause; temporal stages collectively sustain the illusion of enduring objects that persist across changes. Crawford L. Elder argues that all such attempts to 'explain away' familiar objects project downwards, onto the tiny entities, structures and features of familiar objects themselves. He contends that sceptical metaphysicians are thus employing shadows of familiar objects, while denying that the entities which cast those shadows really exist. He argues that the shadows are indeed really there, because their sources - familiar objects - are mind-independently real.
The Allied Air War and Urban Memory
Authors: Arnold Jörg
Published: July 2011

The cultural legacy of the air war on Germany is explored in this comparative study of two bombed cities from different sides of the subsequently divided nation. Contrary to what is often assumed, Allied bombing left a lasting imprint on German society, spawning vibrant memory cultures that can be traced from the 1940s to the present. While the death of half a million civilians and the destruction of much of Germany's urban landscape provided 'usable' rallying points in the great political confrontations of the day, the cataclysms were above all remembered on a local level, in the very spaces that had been hit by the bombs and transformed beyond recognition. The author investigates how lived experience in the shadow of Nazism and war was translated into cultural memory by local communities in Kassel and Magdeburg struggling to find ways of coming to terms with catastrophic events unprecedented in living memory.
Philosophy and Temporality from Kant to Critical Theory
Authors: Hammer Espen
Published: July 2011

This book is a critical analysis of how key philosophers in the European tradition have responded to the emergence of a modern conception of temporality. Espen Hammer suggests that it is a feature of Western modernity that time has been forcibly separated from the natural cycles and processes with which it used to be associated. In a discussion that ranges over Kant, Hegel, Schopenhauer, Nietzsche, Heidegger and Adorno, he examines the forms of dissatisfaction which result from this, together with narrative modes of configuring time, the relationship between agency and temporality, and possible challenges to the modern world's linear and homogenous experience of time. His study is a rich exploration of an enduring philosophical theme: the role of temporality in shaping and reshaping modern human affairs.
Analytic Combinatorics
Authors: Flajolet Philippe , Sedgewick Robert
Published: July 2011

Analytic combinatorics aims to enable precise quantitative predictions of the properties of large combinatorial structures. The theory has emerged over recent decades as essential both for the analysis of algorithms and for the study of scientific models in many disciplines, including probability theory, statistical physics, computational biology, and information theory. With a careful combination of symbolic enumeration methods and complex analysis, drawing heavily on generating functions, results of sweeping generality emerge that can be applied in particular to fundamental structures such as permutations, sequences, strings, walks, paths, trees, graphs and maps. This account is the definitive treatment of the topic. The authors give full coverage of the underlying mathematics and a thorough treatment of both classical and modern applications of the theory. The text is complemented with exercises, examples, appendices and notes to aid understanding. The book can be used for an advanced undergraduate or a graduate course, or for self-study.