bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Somos herdeiros do Pecado Original?
Authors: Gatt Pablo
Published: October 2021

Graduado em História pela Faculdade Saberes e Mestrando em História Medieval pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em História Social da Universidade Federal do Maranhão. Atualmente é integrante do grupo de pesquisa e do Laboratório de Estudos Trado Antigos e Medievais Ibéricos Sefaradi (Letamis). Tem sua dissertação de Mestrado intitulada de "A herança original: as consequências do Pecado de Adão e Eva para a condição humana de acordo com a Summa Theologiae (1273) de Tomás de Aquino", voltando sua pesquisa para o Imaginário centro-medieval, com foco na discurso religioso acerca da sexualidade. Além disso, interessa-se pelos seguintes temas: Idade Média Central, Sexualidade, Pecado Original, Tomás de Aquino e Identidades.
História pública e história da música do Brasil e a criação do site A Música de: História Pública da Música do Brasil
Authors: Lopes Saraiva Daniel
Published: October 2021

A história pública tem ganhado destaque no meio historiográfico, ao mesmo tempo em que temos visto um crescimento vertiginoso no mercado editorial, principalmente no que concerne à relação entre história e biografia. Diante disso, o artigo aqui proposto tem como objetivo discutir algumas das possíveis relações entre história oral, história pública, história do tempo presente e história da música. Para isso, são analisados alguns livros e um projeto que contempla a relação entre os estudos acadêmicos sobre a música e suas reverberações para além da universidade. Por fim, são apresentados o projeto A música de: história pública da música do Brasil, que tem como objetivo constituir uma plataforma ampla sobre o tema, e os alguns pontos da entrevista com o cantor Edy Star feita para o site A música de: história pública da música do Brasil  são analizados no artigo.
O bem-viver como alternativa aos modelos desenvolvimentistas
Authors: Ermerson Oliveira Vasconcelos Adriano
Published: October 2021

Adriano Ermerson Oliveira Vasconcelos analisa a alternativa ideológica (e/ou cosmológica) ao imposto desenvolvimentista e suas digressões políticas nas recentes experiências constitucionais equatoriana e boliviana: o buen vivir. Assumido como transição paradigmática do antropocentrismo para o biocentrismo pelo reconhecimento da natureza (pachamama) como sujeito de direitos e do estabelecimento de uma relação harmoniosa com a natureza e todos os seus seres, humanos ou não (sumak kawsay/suma qamaña), discute a viabilidade, exequibilidade e, claro, as trampas, nos meandros dessa aproximação.
Não-existências do desenvolvimento e re-existências
Authors: Gomes Costa Ana Clara
Published: October 2021

Com afiado olhar crítico sobre o Encontro de Culturas Tradicionais na Chapada do Veadeiros, estado de Goiás, Ana Clara Gomes Costa tece uma relação entre as sutilezas e sofisticações do consumo Moderno em se adaptar a discursos sustentáveis e mais inclusivos. A autora inclui a angústia de perceber as intenções de solidariedade e ainda sim, os entraves para enfrentamentos mais diretos às bases que impedem essa convivência eventual. O texto persegue o dilema das brechas e que tipo de endosso podemos oferecer.
Envolvimentos com as gentes
Authors: Gonçalves Ciro
Published: October 2021

Partindo do pressuposto consolidado de que somente é possível fissurar estruturas viciadas com o compromisso com outras linguagens e performance, o artista visual Ciro Gonçalves criou interpretações únicas para explicar de forma poética a integração entre os conteúdos. Em "Envolvimentos com as Gentes" simula um jogo de perfis entre aquele que vive da terra e que também é a Terra. Para apresentar os “envolvimentos em si” buscou a aparentemente simples e absoluta complexidade de um caroço/semente de milho, que traduz o efeito borboleta do autoconhecimento e reconhecimento das identidades, do ir e vir no processo pessoal-social.
A HISTÓRIA PISANDO EM OVOS OU SOBRE COMO DIGERIR O PASSADO RECENTE DA HISTÓRIA DO BRASIL
Authors: Rosetti de Almeida Leandro
Published: October 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir as maneiras como o ensino de história tem lidado com o descrédito do pensamento científico, tomando como eixo de análise o ensino da ditadura civil-militar no Brasil e as disputas de memórias e narrativas sobre este regime. Trazendo à perspectiva histórica o ensino da história da ditadura, reflito sobre como o ensino de história tem sido construído no país e o relaciona à discussão sobre a dimensão pública do conhecimento histórico. Enquanto discorro sobre limites e possibilidades do ensino de história diante das ondas negacionistas que descredenciam a ciência, destaco a história pública como uma via interessante de diálogo sobre o passado com um público mais amplo não-especializado.
O “BELO RISCO” DO ENSINO DE HISTÓRIA FRENTE AOS MEDOS DO MOVIMENTO ESCOLA SEM PARTIDO
Authors: Escosteguy Filho João Carlos
Published: October 2021

O Movimento Escola sem Partido (MESP) tem se constituído em um dos principais espaços de concentração de ações, políticas e reflexões da “onda conservadora” para pensar educação e ensino de história no Brasil. Este artigo tece algumas reflexões e análises sobre uma obra fundamental para compreensão das concepções educacionais presentes no MESP: o livro Maquiavel Pedagogo, de Pascal Bernardin. Pretende-se, a partir da discussão de alguns pontos essenciais do livro, encaminhar uma reflexão, ainda bastante provisória e inicial, a respeito de como o ensino de história pode responder à ameaça representada pelo MESP, especialmente no que se refere à interdição proposta pelos apoiadores desse movimento para o lugar da política e do questionamento radical dentro do ensino da disciplina.
O ENSINO DE HISTÓRIA EM TEMPOS DE CONSERVADORISMOS: ALGUNS DESAFIOS NA FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES
Authors: Santos dos Passos Pâmella , De Sá Guigues Almeida Luciana
Published: October 2021

Este artigo é fruto de uma pesquisa de iniciação científica que tem por objetivo tecer reflexões acerca do ensino de História em tempos de conservadorismo e elaborar táticas de superação desse fenômeno em sala de aula. Inicialmente, buscamos situar o leitor no que identificamos como avanço do conservadorismo no Brasil na atual conjuntura, evidenciando seus impactos negativos na educação brasileira. Em seguida, discorremos sobre o curso voltado para licenciandos que se originou da pesquisa. Analisamos principalmente as respostas dos formulários de inscrição e de avaliação do mesmo, buscando afirmar o papel do diálogo e do afeto no ensino de História, em especial a partir das elucubrações de Paulo Freire acerca da importância de uma educação dialógica e libertadora.
OS CONCEITOS DIVISORES DO ESPAÇO: REFLEXÕES EM TORNO DE UMA INTERAÇÃO ENTRE A HISTÓRIA E A GEOGRAFIA
Authors: Barros José D'Assunção
Published: October 2021

Este artigo busca examinar, no âmbito de interação entre a História e a Gerografia como campos de saber, os principais conceitos que se referem à divisão do espaço no seio das ciências humanas. Respectivamente, são discutidos os conceitos de região, área, zona e território, evocando-se alguns autores provenientes da Geografia que podem ser pasrticularmente úteis para os estudiosos de História. Uma exemplificação sobre o padrão de divisão do espaço diante de um problema em particular é trazido por uma análise específica da obra Geografia da Fome, de Josué de Castro.
PRA CÁ TEM CAMPO E PRA CÁ TAMBÉM TEM CAMPO, AÍ NÓS FICA AQUI NO MEIO:
Authors: Goes Almeida Juscinaldo , Mattos Junior Jose Sampaio
Published: October 2021

Neste texto apresentamos uma breve reflexão sobre os processos de luta pela posse e permanência na terra realizada pelo campesinato no campo brasileiro, tendo por realidade empírica a microrregião de Chapadinha, no Maranhão. O encaminhamento metodológico utilizado teve por base o levantamento bibliográfico, a continuidade de reflexões realizadas em trabalhos anteriores, além da consulta de dados em fontes secundárias (IBGE, INCRA). Destacamos que os processos de mobilização camponesa de luta pela terra em curso na região em analise são variadas e relacionadas principalmente à criação de assentamentos de reforma agrária, acionamento de identidades étnicas e, sobretudo, a manutenção da condição camponesa, apesar da forte pressão exercida pelo agronegócio sobre seus territórios.
DESAFÍOS DE CONOCIMIENTO EN LOS MOVIMIENTOS POPULARES RURALES DE ARGENTINA
Authors: Di Matteo Alvaro Javier
Published: October 2021

El artículo recupera problemas y desafíos construidos por los movimientos populares rurales de Argentina en su praxis política y profundiza en los aspectos relacionados a las necesidades de formación que emergen de aquellos.Un proceso de recampesinización, asociado a una relativa madurez de los procesos de organización y a la resistencia frente al modelo hegemónico, sirve de apoyo a intencionalidades formativas diversas. En este trabajo nos detendremos en dos de ellas. Por una parte, a la construcción de la memoria y la identidad colectiva, como proceso de recuperación y reelaboración del pasado común ante los desafíos del presente, y por otra, a los ensayos de actividades económicas que potencian el trabajo campesino y lo inscriben en proyectos que buscan contrariar el orden dominante.
“NÃO EXISTE VIDA LIVRE SEM TERRA LIVRE”:
Authors: Medeiros de Almeida Rejane Cleide , Teixeira Lima Maria do Socorro
Published: October 2021

Este trabalho apresenta as compreensões políticas de uma liderança quebradeira de coco na região norte do estado do Tocantins, as quais versam sobre a concepção de terra, capitalismo e agroecologia, com um importante apanhado histórico sobre como estão articuladas e se formam as lideranças e resistências nessa região de constantes conflitos agrários. A partir de uma fala que dá abertura a um evento acadêmico, a liderança dona Maria do Socorro T. Lima aborda os saberes que os povos marginalizados dentro dos territórios produzem, mantêm e os mobilizam para a luta. Nessa perspectiva, como produto de uma apresentação oral, este texto também se configura como um registro das vozes de uma agente política cujos conhecimentos são relevantes para toda a coletividade.
TENDÊNCIAS DA PRODUÇÃO DA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR NA REGIÃO DE MARABÁ, PARÁ
Authors: Teixeira junior Tiese Rodrigues , De Abreu Monteiro Maurílio
Published: October 2021

Reconhecendo que a agricultura familiar tem estatuto e dinâmicas conceituais próprias e tendo por base o tratamento de dados dos Censos Agropecuários de 1996 e 2006 e do Cadastro Ambiental Rural de 2016, a pesquisa demonstra algumas tendências no agrário da região de Marabá.Pa. A realização de pesquisa de campo, norteada por leituras das redes de laços sociossimbólicos, indica, por exemplo, um processo de pecuarização da agricultura familiar na região atravessado por ações  práticas tomadas, as vezes, de forma inconscientes refletindo produtos do habitus ajustado a um conjunto marcado por um jogo social no qual estes agentes sociais têm respondido com ações práticas voltadas, primeiramente, a garantir o sustento cotidiano da família.
ROMARIAS COMO MECANISMO DE LUTA PELA TERRA
Authors: Souza Edimilson Rodrigues
Published: October 2021

Em áreas de intenso conflito fundiário como o Nordeste e Amazônia brasileira o assassinato violento de lideranças populares – camponeses, indígenas, ativistas políticos e religiosos –, que protagonizam lutas em defesa de direitos fundamentais como a posse da terra e uso de recursos naturais tornou-se uma prática recorrente. A proposta deste trabalho é analisar a partir da experiência etnográficas no estados do Tocantins os efeitos provocados por esses assassinatos violentos, com ênfase na realização de romarias da terra e da água. Organizados por grupos locais com o apoio de setores progressistas da igreja Católica (Comissão Pastoral da Terra e Conselho Indigenista Missionário), esses eventos político-religiosos revelam a dimensão simbólica da luta pela terra ao transformar lideranças assassinadas em mártires da terra, ou seja, num dispositivo de força na luta pela terra e pela vida. A agência desses mártires parece estar fundamentada em habilidades individuais, reconhecidas e legitimadas no interior do próprio grupo, sobretudo pela sua trajetória de luta e resistência. Se enquanto vivos sua atuação junto a grupos camponeses e indígenas era intensa, depois de mortos sua presença é frequentemente acionada e ritualizada nestas romarias. Os líderes martirizados passam a atuar na mediação, tradução e movimentação dos grupos, o que significa dizer que o morto não morre, ao contrário, retroalimenta a luta pela terra e continua “presente na caminhada”.
EMPATIA, ENSINO DE HISTÓRIA E EDUCAÇÃO ÉTNICO-RACIAL
Authors: Oliveira Giuseppe Roncalli Ponce Leon de , Lima Marinalva Vilar de
Published: October 2021

[Resenha de: OLIVEIRA, Ariosvalber de Souza et al. (Orgs.). Ubuntu: Educação, Alteridade e Relações Étnicos-Raciais. João Pessoa, PB: Ed. CCTA, 2016, 321p.]
RELAÇÕES COM O SABER: NARRATIVAS DE ALUNOS DA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA SOBRE ENSINO DE HISTÓRIA
Authors: Teixeira junior Tiese Rodrigues
Published: October 2021

RESUMO
O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as narrativas de alunos do ensino médio acerca do ensino de história, em contextos de leitura e de escrita. Entende-se que no processo de ensino da história escolar, o uso da linguagem na forma falada ou escrita, pode ser um a “estratégia” facilitadora do processo de ensino e aprendizagem, numa perspectiva de construção de significados na relação com saber histórico e também, um instrumento de fortalecimento das identidades e da cidadania no cotidiano escolar. A rede teórica dialoga com os trabalhos de Adorno (2003), Certeau (2016), Ross (2016) e Charlot (2001). No aspecto metodológico, a análise se concentra num corpus retirado de narrativas escritas, que tratam do ensino de história, feitas pelos alunos do primeiro ano do ensino médio, da escola Estadual Anunciada Chaves, do município de Goianésia do Pará, estado do Pará.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Ensino de História; Leitura; Escrita.
A Proof of the Riemann Hypothesis Based on MacLaurin Expansion and Hadamard Product of the Completed Zeta Function
Authors: Zhang Weicun
Published: October 2021

The basic idea is to expand the completed zeta function $\xi(s)$ in MacLaurin series (infinite polynomial), which can be further expressed as infinite product (Hadamard product) by conjugate complex roots $\alpha_i\pm j\beta_i, i\in \mathbb{N}$. Then, according to the functional equation $\xi(s)=\xi(1-s)$, we have $$\xi(0)\prod_{i=1}^{\infty}\frac{\beta_i^2}{\alpha_i^2+\beta_i^2}\Big{(}1+\frac{(s-\alpha_i)^2}{\beta_i^2}\Big{)} =\xi(0)\prod_{i=1}^{\infty}\frac{\beta_i^2}{\alpha_i^2+\beta_i^2}\Big{(}1+\frac{(1-s-\alpha_i)^2}{\beta_i^2}\Big{)}$$ which is equivalent to $$(s-\alpha_i)^2 = (1-s-\alpha_i)^2, i \in \mathbb{N}$$ with solution $\alpha_i= \frac{1}{2}, i\in \mathbb{N}$. Therefore, a proof of the Riemann Hypothesis can be achieved.
Separation Fe(III)-Mn(II) via Supported Liquid Membrane Technology in the Treatment of Spent Alkaline Batteries
Authors: Alguacil Francisco J. , Lopez Félix A.
Published: October 2021

The transport of iron(III) from Fe(III)-Mn(II)-HCl mixed solutions through a flat-sheet supported liquid membrane is investigated, being the carrier phase of Cyanex 923 (commercially available phosphine oxide extractant) dissolved in Solvesso 100 (commercially available diluent), as a function of hydrodynamic conditions, concentration of manganese and HCl in the feed phase, and carrier concentration in the membrane phase. A transport model is derived that describes the transport mechanism, consisting of diffusion through a feed aqueous diffusion layer, a fast interfacial chemical reaction, and diffusion of the Fe(III)-Cyanex 923 complex across the membrane phase. The membrane diffusional resistance (Δm) and feed diffusional resistance (Δf) are calculated from the model, and their values are 145 s/cm and 361 s/cm, respectively. It is apparent that the transport of iron(III) is mainly controlled by diffusion through the aqueous feed boundary layer, being the thickness of this layer calculated as 2.9x10-3 cm. Since Mn(II) is not transported through the membrane phase, the present system allows to the purification of this manganese-bearing solutions.
Effects of Metals from Oil to Polluted Soil
Authors: Dumitru Anca , Chis Timur , Sterpu Ancaelena Eliza , Sapunaru Olga Valerica
Published: October 2021

Oil pollution of extraction areas is an undesirable phenomenon, but very present, es-pecially in old farms. In the context in which the depollution of these areas, in Roma-nia, is carried out from public funds, this fact is more and more difficult to achieve. That is why the effect of pollutants on the environment is being analyzed more and more, it often remains that the depollution is done naturally. This material analyzes the effect of metals present in crude oil (Cu, Pb, Zn, Ag, Ni, Mn, As, Cd, V, Cr, S), on the soil affected by a historical accidental pollution in the Moinesti area, Romania. This article presents the results of analyzes performed by metal detection techniques, namely optical emission spectrophotometry with inductive coupled plasma and atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The metals determined in the polluted soil were statis-tically analyzed regarding the dispersion, standard deviation and coefficient of varia-tion compared to the control sample and compared with the results from two areas in Romania. The risk of exploitation of polluted areas was also analyzed, namely the method of pollution indices and the method of combining the effects of pollutants
Role of MiRNAs and It’s Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in Breast Cancer
Authors: Roy Debarshi , Bandla Ramesh , Boddana Praveen , Medisetty Rajesh , Gogada Raghu
Published: October 2021

MiRNAs are 20-22 nucleotide long single-stranded non-coding RNA sequences, which can regulate post transcriptional activity of mRNA by binding with it at 3’UTR region (untranslated region). Thus deregulation of miRNA expression is responsible for dysregulating mRNA function which contributes in developing various diseases as well as cancerous phenotypes. Alteration of single nucleotide in miRNA sequence is one of the reasons behind deregulation of miRNA expression. The most frequent carcinoma in current day is breast cancer which causes a high mortality among women around the world as well as India. Despite of the advancement of diagnostic tools, strategies and treatment, the cases of breast cancer is increasing every year. There are plenty of biomarkers like ER, PR, Her2, Ki-67, etc available which are frequently used in diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. After the discovery of MiRNA in 1993 in Caenorhabiditis elegans, it is attracting all the limelight in diagnosis and treatment of different carcinomas as well as breast cancer. In this review we will discuss on involvement of different types of MiRNAs and miR SNPs in breast cancer occurrence and susceptibility in a detailed manner.
Co-factor Influences the Severity of Zika Virus-Associated Microcephaly
Authors: Barreto Nogueira Adriano , Bonadies Andrade Breno , Yuri Kasputis Zanini Leonardo , Sayuri Ramires Hoshino Hillary , Camargo Ortega Natalia , Mattos Adriana , Antunes Pascalicchio Bertozzi Ana Paula , Jacobsen Teixeira Manoel
Published: October 2021

Microcephaly has been regarded the most remarkable consequence of the Zika virus (ZIKV) epidemic in Brazil 2015. It remains to be determined whether there are factors that contribute to the degree of brain lesion associated with ZIKV infection during pregnancy. Previous studies showed that socioeconomic conditions correlate with ZIKV-associated microcephaly. Certain nutritional deficits display the potential to interfere in the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, which plays a major role in the pathophysiology of ZIKV-associated microcephaly. We hypothesize that a nutritional or environmental co-factor that interferes in mTOR signaling correlates with ZIKV-associated birth defects. To assess this hypothesis, we plan to: 1) develop a mouse model of ZIKV-associated microcephaly through intravenous injection of ZIKV and rapamycin for a straightforward interference on mTOR receptor; 2) determine in the experimental model and in cases of ZIKV-associated microcephaly the epigenetic signature (DNA methylation pattern) in neurons and muscle cells harvested by biopsy, and in hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells sorted from blood; 3) analyze through mass spectrometry in serum of pregnant female mice submitted to ZIKV and rapamycin injection and in serum of mothers of children with ZIKV-associated microcephaly the metabolomic pattern of cholesterol (a nutritional status marker), vitamin A and its metabolite retinoic acid, folate, and other metabolites related to these three nutritional factors; 4) check whether pregnant female mice submitted to intravenous injection of ZIKV and feed with a deficient diet of the most likely co-factor found in this study give birth to microcephalic mice with features that mimic clinical cases. In summary, our general objective is to develop an experimental model that mimics ZIKV-associated microcephaly cases and to find a co-factor involved in the microcephaly outbreak in Brazil 2015.
A Comparative Study on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Cement-Based Materials by Direct Electric Curing and Steam Curing
Authors: Yang Zhihan , Xie Youjun , He Jionghuang , Wang Fan , Zeng Xiaohui , Ma Kunlin , Long Guangcheng
Published: October 2021

Direct electric curing (EC) is a new green curing method for cement-based materials that improves the early mechanical properties via the uniform high temperature produced by Joule heating. To understand the effects of EC and steam curing (SC) on the mechanical properties and microstructure of cement-based materials, the mortar was cured at different temperature-controlled curing regimes (40°C, 60°C and 80°C). Meanwhile, mechanical properties, hydrate phase and pore structure of specimens were investigated. The energy consumption of two curing methods was compared and analyzed. The results show that the EC specimens have better and more stable growth of mechanical strength. The pore structure of EC specimen is also better than that of SC specimen at different maintenance ages. However, the hydration degree and products of samples cured by EC are similar to that SC samples. The energy consumption of EC is lower than SC. This study provides an important technical support for the EC in the production of energy-saving and high early-strength concrete precast components.
Role Played by Edge-Defects in the Optical Properties of Armchair Graphene Nanoribbons
Authors: Do Thi-Nga , Gumbs Godfrey , Huang Danhong , Bui D. Hoi , Shih Po-Hsin
Published: October 2021

We explore the implementation of specific optical properties of armchair graphene nanoribbons (AGNRs) through edge-defect manipulation. This technique employs the tight-binding model in conjunction with the calculated absorption spectral function. Modification of the edge states gives rise to the diverse electronic structures with striking changes in the band gap and special flat bands at low energy. The optical-absorption spectra exhibit exotic excitation peaks and they strongly depend on the type and period of the edge extension. Remarkably, there exist the unusual transition channels associated with the flat bands for selected edge-modified systems. We discover the special rule governing how the edge-defect influences the electronic and optical properties in AGNRs. Our theoretical prediction demonstrates an efficient way to manipulate the optical properties of AGNRs. This might be of importance in the search for suitable materials designed to have possible technology applications in nano-optical, plasmonic and optoelectronic devices.
Countermarketing About Fruit Drinks, Alone or With Water Promotion: A 2019 Randomized Controlled Trial in Latinx Parents
Authors: Krieger James , Kwon Taehoon , Ruiz Rudy , Walkinshaw Lina Pinero , Yan Jiali , Roberto Christina A.
Published: October 2021

Objectives. To test whether fruit drink countermarketing messages alone or combined with water promotion messages reduce Latinx parents’ purchases of fruit drinks for children aged 0 to 5 years.

Methods. We performed a 3-arm randomized controlled online trial enrolling 1628 Latinx parents in the United States during October and November 2019. We assessed the effect of culturally tailored fruit drink countermarketing messages (fruit drink‒only group), countermarketing and water promotion messages combined (combination group), or car-seat safety messages (control) delivered via Facebook groups for 6 weeks on parental beverage choices from a simulated online store.

Results. The proportion of parents choosing fruit drinks decreased by 13.7 percentage points in the fruit drink‒only group (95% confidence interval [CI] = −20.0, −7.4; P < .001) and by 19.2 percentage points in the combination group (95% CI = −25.0, −13.4; P < .001) relative to control. Water selection increased in both groups.

Conclusions. Fruit drink countermarketing messages, alone or combined with water promotion messages, significantly decreased parental selection of fruit drinks and increased water selection for their children.

Public Health Implications. Countermarketing social media messages may be an effective and low-cost intervention for reducing parents’ fruit drink purchases for their children. (Am J Public Health. 2021;111(11):1997–2007. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306488 )
Mengungkap Makna “Keuntungan”pada Sistem Paroan Penggemukan Sapi Madura
Authors: Haryadi Bambang , Seputro Hanif Yusuf , Bullah Habi
Published: October 2021

Pulau Madura terkenal sebagai pulau sapi karena populasi budidaya sapi yang masif. Budidaya sapi sudah lama dikembangkan dengan pola kerjasama (paroan). Tujuan penelitian untuk mengungkap faktor yang mempengaruhi penggemukan sapi, model konsep bisnis “Paroan”dan makna keuntungan nilai serta makna di balik keuntungan. Penelitian ini menggunakan model mix method yang memadukan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Model kualitatif digunakan setelah penelitian kuantitatif dilakukan. Hasil analisis regresi berganda menunjukkan bahwa konsep keuntungan memiliki pengaruh terhadap perkembangan bisnis sistem paroan. Secara kualitatif, terdapat 2 konsep paroan yaitu paroan uang dan paroan hasil anak sapi. Jenis keuntungan berupa keuntungan material dan non material. Keuntungan materi dimaknai sebagai usaha mencari uang atau rejeki, sebagai penghasilan tambahan, sebagai tabungan. Sedangkan non materi dimaknai sebagai: (1) anugerah produktivitas, (2) bersama beramal, (3) menyambung saudara, (4) menjunjung tinggi budaya.
Mathematical Modelling to Determine the Greatest Height of Trees
Authors: Kanahama Tohya , Sato Motohiro
Published: October 2021

This study aimed to analyse the critical height of a column whose weight varies vertically in order to obtain a simple scaling law for a tree where the weight distribution considered. We modelled trees as cantilevers that were fixed to the ground and formulated a self-buckling problem for various weight distributions. A formula for calculating the critical height was derived in a simple form that did not include special functions. We obtained a theoretical clarification of the effect of the weight distribution of heavy columns on the buckling behaviour. A widely applicable scaling law for trees was obtained. We found that an actual tree manages to distribute the weight of its trunk and branches along its vertical extent in a manner that adequately secures its critical height. The method and findings of this study are applicable to a wide range of fields, such as the simplification of complicated buckling problems and the study of tree shape quantification.
Racial/ethnic Disparities on Inflammation and Response to Methylprednisolone in Severe Covid-19 Pneumonia
Authors: Go Ronaldo C. , Nyirenda Themba , Bojarian Maryam , Hosseini Davood Karimi , Kim Kevin , Rahim Mehek , Paleoudis Elli Gourna , Go Anna C. , Han Zhihong , Sperber Steven J , Gupta Anjali
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUNDRacial/Ethnic minorities are at higher risk for Severe COVID-19. This may be related to social determinants that lead to chronic inflammatory states. The aims of the study were to determine if there are racial/ethnic differences between the inflammatory markers of survivors and non-survivors and if there was a dose dependent association of methylprednisolone to in hospital survival. METHODSThis was a secondary analysis of a retrospective cohort. Patients were older than 18 years of age and admitted for severe COVID-19 Pneumonia Between March to June 2020 in 13 Hospitals in New Jersey, United States. Comparison of inflammatory markers used Kruskal-Wallis followed by pairwise comparison using two-sided Wilcoxon rank sum test. A Youden Index Method was used to determine the cut-off between low dose and high dose methylprednisolone. For each racial/ethnic group, cox regression was used to determine the association to survival between no methylprednisolone and methylprednisolone (high dose versus low dose). RESULTSPropensity matched sample (n=759) between no methylprednisolone (n=380) and methylprednisolone (n=379) had 338 Whites, 102 Blacks, 61 Asian/Indians, and 251 Non-Black Non-White Hispanics. Interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, ferritin, and d-dimer values were higher in non-survivors compared to survivors except in Asian/Indian survivors who had higher ferritin values compared to non-survivors (median: 1,265 vs 418 ug/L, P=0.0211). Black and Hispanic survivors had persistently elevated C-reactive protein, (10.2 mg/mL) and (13.70 mg/mL) respectively. Low dose methylprednisolone was associated with prolonged 60 days in hospital survival over no methylprednisolone in Whites (P<0.0001), Asian/Indians (P=0.0180), and Hispanics (P=0.0004). Regardless of dose, methylprednisolone was not associated with prolonged survival in Blacks. High dose methylprednisolone was associated with worse survival in Hispanics. (P=0.0181). CONCLUSIONRacial/Ethnic disparities with inflammatory markers in survivors and non-survivors preclude the use of one marker as predictor of survival. Low dose methylprednisolone is associated with prolonged survival in Asian/Indians, Hispanics, and Whites. Methylprednisolone, regardless of dose, was not associated with prolonged survival in Blacks.
CD34+THY1+ Synovial Fibroblast Subset in Arthritic Joints Has High Osteoblastic and Chondrogenic Potentials in Vitro
Authors: Noda Seiji , Hosoya Tadashi , Komiya Yoji , Tagawa Yasuhiro , Endo Kentaro , Komori Keiichiro , Koga Hideyuki , Takahara Yasuhiro , Sugimoto Kazutaka , Sekiya Ichiro , Saito Tetsuya , Mizoguchi Fumitaka , Yasuda Shinsuke
Published: October 2021

Objective: Synovial fibroblasts (SF)s in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) play biphasic roles in joint destruction and regeneration of bone/cartilage as mesenchymal stem cells (MSC)s. Although MSCs contribute to joint homeostasis, such function is impaired in arthritic joints. We have identified functionally distinct three SF subsets characterized by the expression of CD34 and THY1 as follows: CD34+THY1+, CD34-THY1- and CD34-THY1+. The objective of this study was to clarify the differentiation potentials as MSCs in each SF subset since both molecules would be associated with the MSC function.Methods: SF subsets were isolated from synovial tissues of 70 patients (RA: 18, OA: 52). Expressions of surface markers associated with MSCs (THY1, CD73, CD271, CD54, CD44 and CD29) were evaluated in fleshly-isolated SF subsets by flow cytometry. The differentiation potentials of osteogenesis, chondrogenesis, and adipogenesis were evaluated with histological staining and quantitative polymerase chain reaction of differentiation marker genes. Small interfering RNA was examined to deplete THY1 in SFs. Results: The expression levels of THY1+, CD73+ and CD271+ were highest and those of CD54+ and CD29+ were lowest in CD34+THY1+ among three subsets. Comparing three subsets, the calcified area, alkaline phosphatase (ALP)-stained area and cartilage matrix subset were the largest in CD34+THY1+ subset. Consistently, the expressions of differentiation markers of the osteoblasts (RUNX2, ALPL and OCN) or chondrocytes (ACAN) were the highest in CD34+THY1+ subset, indicating that CD34+THY1+ subset possessed the highest osteogenic and chondrogenic potential among three subsets. While the differentiation potentials to adipocytes were comparable among the subsets regarding lipid droplet formations and the expression of LPL and PPARγ. The knockdown of THY1 in bulk SFs resulted in impaired osteoblast differentiation indicating some functional aspects in this stem-cell marker. Conclusion: CD34+THY1+ SF subset has high osteogenic and chondrogenic potentials. The preferential enhancement of MSCs functions in CD34+THY1+ subset may provide a new treatment strategy for regenerating damaged bone/cartilage in arthritic joints.
Identification of Fruit Firmness QTL ff2.1 by SLAF-BSA and QTL Mapping in Melon
Authors: Dai Dongyang , Zeng Shuang , Wang Ling , Li Junfeng , Ji Peng , Liu Huiying , Sheng Yunyan
Published: October 2021

Fruit firmness is an important target of melon breeding, as it is associated with shelf life and economic value; however, the precise mechanism determining fruit firmness during fruit ripening remains elusive. In the present study, one hundred forty-four F2 plants and F2-3 families derived from the high-firmness melon line M2-10 and the low-firmness melon line ZT091 were used to identify major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) by specific-locus amplified fragment (SLAF) sequencing with bulked segregant analysis (BSA). Simple sequence repeat (SSR) and cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (Caps) markers based on the resequencing of parental lines were also used to narrow the associated region to identify candidate genes. Two regions associated with fruit firmness were investigated, including a 4.87 Mb region on chr. 2 and a 28.7 Mb region on chr. 5 of the melon genome. SSR and Caps markers were used to construct a genetic map of the associated regions: QTL ff5.1 was located between CmSSR13509 and CmSSR13423 and explained 38.44% of the observed variation, with an LOD threshold of 17.44; ff2.1 was located between CmSSR07709 and SNP22228 and explained 28.14% of the variation, with an LOD threshold of 3.8, and this region included 106 Kb and 10 candidate genes. Quantitative Real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to investigated the investigate candidate gene expression at 15, 20 and 25 days after pollination (DAP) in the parental lines, and significant expression levels were detected for most of the genes, including four genes of unknown function and MELO3C017519, MELO3C017520, MELO3C017522, MELO3C029506, and MELO3C029520. These results revealed a new QTL, ff2.1, for melon fruit firmness-related gene identification.
Predictive Value of Immune Genomic Signatures From Breast Cancer Cohorts Containing Data for Both Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Prognosis After Surgery
Authors: Zhu Yidan , Iwamoto Takayuki , Kajiwara Yukiko , Takahashi Yuko , Kochi Mariko , Shien Tadahiko , Taira Naruto , Toyooka Shinichi , Doihara Hiroyoshi
Published: October 2021

BackgroundPrevious studies of immune-related gene signatures (IGSs) in breast cancer have attempted to predict the response to chemotherapy or prognosis and were performed using different patient cohorts. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the predictive functions of various IGSs using the same patient cohort that included data for response to chemotherapy as well as the prognosis after surgery.MethodsWe applied five previously described IGS models in a public dataset of 508 breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The prognostic and predictive values of each model were evaluated, and their correlations were compared.ResultsWe observed a high proportion of expression concordance among the IGS models (r: 0.56-1). Higher gene expression scores of IGSs were detected in aggressive breast cancer subtypes (basal and HER2-enriched) (P < 0.001). Four of the five IGSs could predict chemotherapy responses and two could predict 5-year relapse-free survival in cases with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) tumors. However, the models showed no significant differences in their predictive abilities for hormone receptor-negative (HR-) tumors.ConclusionsIGSs are, to some extent, useful for predicting prognosis and chemotherapy response; moreover, they show substantial agreement for specific breast cancer subtypes. However, it is necessary to identify more compelling biomarkers for both prognosis and response to chemotherapy in HR- and HER2+ cases.
Prevalence and Factors Associated With Adverse Drug Events Among Patients On Dolutegravir-Based Regimen At The Immune Suppression Syndrome Clinic of Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, Uganda: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study.
Authors: Namulindwa Angella , Wasswa John Hans , Muyindike Winnie , Tamukong Robert , Oloro Joseph
Published: October 2021

Background: Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy is efficacious in suppression of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) however, it is associated with numerous toxicities hence great effort has been put into development of antiretrovirals with better tolerability. The World Health Organization recommended dolutegravir as first-line antiretroviral therapy however, recent studies have raised concerns regarding its safety in real-clinical settings due to adverse drug reactions (ADEs). Hence the purpose of this study was to establish the prevalence and factors associated with adverse drug events among patients on dolutegravir-based regimen at the Immune Suppression Syndrome (ISS) Clinic- Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital (MRRH).Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at ISS Clinic-MRRH among 375 randomly selected patients who had been exposed to DTG-based regimen for at least 12 weeks. The patients were interviewed to obtain data on sociodemographics, dietary habits and thereafter their files reviewed to obtain data on ADEs. Data entry was done using Epi-data 3.0 and exported to SPSS version 25.0 for analysis. The prevalence of ADEs was determined as a percentage, and ADE associated factors were assessed using bivariate analysis, those found significant were further subjected to multivariate logistic regression model and were considered significant at P<0.05.Results: The prevalence of adverse drug events among patients on DTG-based regimen was found to be 33.1% (124/375) with 5.6% (7/124) participants discontinued from treatment due ADEs, 4 of which were due to hyperglycemia and 3 due to liver toxicity. The commonly experienced ADEs included abdominal pain, hyperglycemia and liver toxicity each at 7.3%, headache at 11.3%, and allergy at 36.3%. Male sex (AOR 1.571, 95% CI 1.433- 1.984), WHO stage one at entry to care (AOR 4.586, 95% CI 1.649-12.754), stage two (AOR 4.536, 95% CI 1.611-12.776), stage three (AOR 3.638, 95% CI 1.262-10.488), were significantly associated with ADEs. Patients with undetectable viral load at initiation of DTG-based regimen were less likely to experience ADEs (AOR = .324, 95% CI .1167-.629).Conclusions: Up to a third of patients on DTG-based regimen experienced ADEs. Male sex, WHO HIV disease stage and a detectable viral load at initiation of DTG-based regimen were significantly associated with ADEs. It is crucial to actively monitor patients with these characteristics for ADEs.
SOX9 is a Target of miR-134-3p And miR-224-3p in Beast Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Chao Tsu-Yang , Kordaß Theresa , Osen Wolfram , Eichmüller Stefan B.
Published: October 2021

SOX9 represents a transcription factor identified as an important mediator of cancer progression in breast cancer. miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that can inhibit translation of target genes by binding to the 3’-UTR region of the respective mRNA molecule. Deregulated miRNA expression plays a pivotal role in hallmarks of cancer such as sustained proliferation and inhibition of apoptosis. In this study we investigated the miRNA-mediated regulation of SOX9 expression in two breast cancer cell lines providing further insights into cellular mechanisms driving breast cancer progression. The effect of miR-134-3p, miR-224-3p and miR-6859-3p on SOX9 expression was tested on mRNA as well as protein level in the human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. Furthermore, direct binding of these miRNAs to the SOX9 3’-UTR was assessed by luciferase reporter assays and site-directed mutagenesis in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells. SOX9 expression was significantly reduced on mRNA and protein level by transfection of either miR-134-3p, miR-224-3p or miR-6859-3p. Luciferase reporter assays proved direct binding of miR-134-3p and miR-224-3p to the SOX9 3’-UTR in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells. Expression analysis performed in silico revealed reduced expression of both miRNAs in breast cancer tissues. We describe three novel miRNAs capable of targeting SOX9 in human breast cancer cell lines. For miR-134-3p and miR-224-3p direct interaction with the SOX9 3’-UTR was proven. Furthermore, miR-134-3p and miR-224-3p reduced breast cancer cell viability, which is in line with the tumorigenic effects reported for SOX9 in breast cancer.
Nomogram Predicting Overall Survival After Surgical Resection For Retroperitoneal Leiomyosarcoma Patients
Authors: Zhuang Aobo , Tong Hanxing , Fang Yuan , Ma Lijie , Lu Weiqi , Zhang Yong
Published: October 2021

Aim: To develop a survival nomogram for patients with retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma (RLMS) after surgery.Methods: 118 patients with RLMS after surgical resection at the General Surgery Department, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University were retrospectively analyzed. The nomogram was constructed based on COX regression model and discrimination was assessed using the concordance index (c-index). The predicted and actual survival was evaluated through calibration plots.Results: The c-index of the nomogram was 0.779 (95% CI, 0.659-0.898). The predicted and actual survival probabilities are in good agreement in all calibration curve.﻿Conclusion: This study built the first survival nomogram for patients with surgical resected RLMS.
Role of D-Dimer in the Risk Stratification of Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients: Implications for Antithrombotic Treatment. A Systematic Review and Exploratory Meta-analysis.
Authors: Biccirè Flavio Giuseppe , Farcomeni Alessio , Gaudio Carlo , Pignatelli Pasquale , Tanzilli Gaetano , Pastori Daniele
Published: October 2021

Background Data on the prognostic role of D-dimer in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) are controversial. Our aim was to summarize current evidence on the association between D-dimer levels and short/long-term poor prognosis of ACS patients. We also investigated the association between D-Dimer and no-reflow (NR) phenomenon.Methods Systematic review and metanalysis of observational studies including ACS patients and reporting data on D-Dimer levels. PubMed and SCOPUS databases were searched. Data were combined with hazard ratio (HR) and metanalysed. The principal endpoint was a composite of cardiovascular events (CVEs) including myocardial infarction, all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Results Overall, 32 studies included in the systematic review with 28,869 patients. Of them, 6 studies investigated in-hospital and 26 studies long-term outcomes. Overall, 23 studies showed positive association of high D-Dimer levels with CVEs. D-Dimer levels predicted poor prognosis in all studies reporting in-hospital outcomes. Five studies satisfied inclusion criteria and were included in the metanalysis, with a total of 8,616 patients. Median follow-up was 13.2 months with 626 CVEs. The pooled HR for D-dimer levels and CVEs was 1.264 (95% CI 1.134-1.409). Five out of 7 studies (4,195 STEMI patients) investigating the association between D-Dimer levels and NR showed a positive correlation of D-dimer levels with NR. Conclusions In patients with ACS D-Dimer was associated with higher in-hospital and short/long-term complications. D-Dimer was also higher in patients with NR phenomenon. The use of D-Dimer may help to identify patients with residual thrombotic risk after ACS.Trial registration: the review protocol was registered in PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews: CRD42021267233.
Inhibitory effect of naphthoquine phosphate against Babesia gibsoni in vitro and Babesia rodhaini in vivo
Authors: Ji Shengwei , Liu Mingming , Galon Eloiza May , Rizk Mohamed Abdo , Tuvshintulga Bumduuren , Li Jixu , Zafar Iqra , Hasegawa Yae , Yokoyama Naoaki , Xuan Xuenan
Published: October 2021

Background: Drug resistance and ﻿severe side effects are major challenges in the treatment of babesiosis as they lead to less choices for treatment. Development of new drugs to enrich the treatment strategies and delay the emergence of drug resistance in parasites is still needed. Naphthoquine (NQ) combined with artemisinin treats Plasmodium infection by ﻿rapid parasite clearance. The current study repurposed NQ as a babesiosis drug treatment by evaluating the effects of naphthoquine phosphate (NQP) as a single dose treatment for babesiosis. Methods: In vitro anti-Babesia activity of ﻿NQP was tested on Babesia gibsoni cultures. The inhibition of parasite growth was verified using a SYBR green I-based fluorescence assay. In vivo efficacy of NQP was evaluated using BALB/c mice infected with Babesia rodhaini. The parasitemia level and hematocrit values were monitored. Results: The half maximal inhibitory concentration of NQP against B. gibsoni in vitro was 3.3 ± 0.5 ﻿μM. Oral administration of NQP for 5 successive days at a dose of 40 mg/kg of body weight ﻿resulted in significant inhibition on parasite growth compared with the ﻿control group. All mice in NQP-treated group survived, whereas the mice in control group died between days 6 and 9 post infection. Conclusion: This is the first study to evaluate the anti-Babesia activity of NQP in vitro and in vivo. ﻿The results showed that NQP is a promising drug for babesiosis treatment and drug repurposing may provide new treatment strategies for babesiosis.
Flow Field Simulation And Experimental Investigation On Macro Electrolyte Jet Electrochemical Turning of TB6 Titanium Alloy
Authors: Liu Yang , Qu Ningsong , Qiu Zhi
Published: October 2021

Electrolyte jet electrochemical turning is an effective method to realize high-quality machining of titanium alloy rotating components; however, minimal research has been carried out in this field. This is because it is difficult to control the machining flow field, which leads to poor machining surface quality. In this work, numerical simulations were used to optimize the machining flow field and reduce the proportion of gas that mixed into the machining area. This can promote participation of the tool electrode tip in the electrochemical reaction and improve the machining efficiency. The effectiveness of the optimized machining flow field for jet electrochemical turning was verified experimentally. The results showed that all three kinds of revolving TB6 titanium alloy samples with different structures could maintain the original contour shape, with a contour error <1% and a machined surface roughness reaching Ra 2.414 μm. The results demonstrate the application potential of the jet electrochemical turning process.