bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation of gender-based violence screening guidelines in public HIV treatment programs: A mixed methods evaluation in Uganda
Authors: Thomas Dorothy , Nalumansi Alisaati , Reichman Mira , Metitiri Mine , Nambi Florence , Kibuuka Joseph , Nakabugo Lylianne , Kamusiime Brenda , Kasiita Vicent , Nalukwago Grace K. , Muwonge Timothy R. , Simoni Jane , Montgomery Elizabeth T. , Mujugira Andrew , Heffron Renee
Published: June 2024

Background

HIV and gender-based violence (GBV) intersect to threaten population health. The Uganda Ministry of Health recommends routine GBV screening alongside HIV care but evidence detailing its implementation in HIV care settings is limited. We evaluated screening practices in public HIV clinics to generate evidence supporting GBV screening optimization.

Methods

To evaluate GBV screening implementation in antiretroviral therapy (ART) clinics, we extracted client data from GBV registers at 12 public ART clinics in Uganda (January 2019-December 2021). We concurrently evaluated perceptions of GBV screening/referral practices by conducting in-depth qualitative interviews with providers (N = 30) and referral partners (N = 10). We contextualized quantitative findings with interview data which were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach.

Results

During the evaluation period, >90% of providers in participating health facilities implemented GBV screening. Among 107,767 clients served in public ART clinics, providers identified 9,290 (8.6%) clients who experienced past-year physical, sexual and/or emotional GBV of whom 86% received counseling and 19% were referred to support services—most commonly to legal services. Key factors influencing GBV screening implementation included awareness of screening guidelines; client volume; and client’s level of engagement in HIV care. Providers and referral partners identified important benefits to clients (e.g., pursuit of justice and removal from violent environments) when referrals were successful. Key factors influencing referrals included financial constraints that limited referral partners’ ability to provide services at no cost to clients and socio-cultural norms that inhibited client willingness to pursue support services.

Conclusions

GBV screening implementation in ART clinics supports identification and referral of clients exposed to violence. The effectiveness of GBV screening may be limited by socio-cultural factors that inhibit client capacity to pursue referrals and fragmented and resource-constrained referral networks. Providers and referral partners identified allocating funds to support referrals and collaborative networking meetings as important opportunities for strengthening GBV referrals.
Predicting cardiovascular disease risk using photoplethysmography and deep learning
Authors: Weng Wei-Hung , Baur Sebastien , Daswani Mayank , Chen Christina , Harrell Lauren , Kakarmath Sujay , Jabara Mariam , Behsaz Babak , McLean Cory Y. , Matias Yossi , Corrado Greg S. , Shetty Shravya , Prabhakara Shruthi , Liu Yun , Danaei Goodarz , Ardila Diego
Published: June 2024

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are responsible for a large proportion of premature deaths in low- and middle-income countries. Early CVD detection and intervention is critical in these populations, yet many existing CVD risk scores require a physical examination or lab measurements, which can be challenging in such health systems due to limited accessibility. We investigated the potential to use photoplethysmography (PPG), a sensing technology available on most smartphones that can potentially enable large-scale screening at low cost, for CVD risk prediction. We developed a deep learning PPG-based CVD risk score (DLS) to predict the probability of having major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE: non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular death) within ten years, given only age, sex, smoking status and PPG as predictors. We compare the DLS with the office-based refit-WHO score, which adopts the shared predictors from WHO and Globorisk scores (age, sex, smoking status, height, weight and systolic blood pressure) but refitted on the UK Biobank (UKB) cohort. All models were trained on a development dataset (141,509 participants) and evaluated on a geographically separate test (54,856 participants) dataset, both from UKB. DLS’s C-statistic (71.1%, 95% CI 69.9–72.4) is non-inferior to office-based refit-WHO score (70.9%, 95% CI 69.7–72.2; non-inferiority margin of 2.5%, p<0.01) in the test dataset. The calibration of the DLS is satisfactory, with a 1.8% mean absolute calibration error. Adding DLS features to the office-based score increases the C-statistic by 1.0% (95% CI 0.6–1.4). DLS predicts ten-year MACE risk comparable with the office-based refit-WHO score. Interpretability analyses suggest that the DLS-extracted features are related to PPG waveform morphology and are independent of heart rate. Our study provides a proof-of-concept and suggests the potential of a PPG-based approach strategies for community-based primary prevention in resource-limited regions.
The impact of humanitarian emergencies on adolescent boys: Findings from the Rohingya refugee crisis
Authors: Harrison Shane , Chenhall Richard Dean , Block Karen , Rashid Sabina Faiz , Vaughan Cathy
Published: June 2024

Adolescent boys (age 9–19) are impacted differently by humanitarian emergencies. However, academic research on adolescent health and child protection has tended to focus on the direct impacts of an emergency rather than indirect impacts that may arise after a crisis. We sought to identify child protection concerns affecting adolescent boys in emergency settings and boys who are more vulnerable to harm through a case study of the humanitarian response to the 2017 Rohingya refugee crisis. We collected data in the Rohingya refugee crisis in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh between 2018–2019. This included six months of participant observation, 23 semi-structured interviews and 12 informal ethnographic interviews with humanitarian staff working in the crisis, and 10 focus group discussions with a total of 52 child protection caseworkers from four child protection organisations. Our results showed that adolescent Rohingya boys were exposed to numerous protection concerns, including child labour, drug trafficking, substance abuse, family violence, and neglect. We classified these into three main typologies: community-related violence, income-related violence, and life-stage vulnerabilities. We found that adolescent boys who were unaccompanied or separated from their caregivers, adolescent boys who were members of vulnerable households, and adolescent boys with a disability were at more risk of harm. Our findings indicate that adolescent boys are exposed to an array of impactful child protection concerns in humanitarian emergencies and that this has implications for the delivery of public health and child protection interventions. We believe that humanitarian actors should improve recognition of the complexity of adolescent boys’ lives and their exposure to gender and age-based harm as a critical matter for addressing adolescent health equity.
Associations between lifetime pregnancy and sexual risk behaviors among 15-24-year-old adolescent girls and young women in South Africa: Secondary analyses of the 2016 Demographic Health Survey
Authors: Baruwa Ololade Julius
Published: June 2024

Adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in South Africa are highly vulnerable to HIV and poor sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes. Interventions must respond to the unique needs of different AGYW groups, such as AGYW who have ever been pregnant. The objective of the study is to examine associations between pregnancy and sexual risk behaviors among AGYW in South Africa. This study used the 2016 nationally representative Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) of South Africa (n = 1935, 15–24 years old). Sexual risk behavior outcomes included: early sexual debut (defined as having sexual intercourse before the age of 15 years), age-disparate relationship (defined as having sexual partners who are five years and older in the past one month), multiple sexual partnerships, no condom use at last sex, and lastly, cumulative sexual risk (defined as reporting at least two of the outcomes: early sexual debut, age-disparate relationship, multiple sexual partners, and no condom use at last sex). Data analyses were conducted using logistic regression in STATA version 16. Statistical significance was determined at a P-value less than 0.05, with 95% confidence interval reported. AGYW who experienced lifetime pregnancy were more likely to report early sexual debut (OR = 1.71, 95%CI = 1.30–2.32), age-disparate relationships (OR = 1.58, 95%CI = 1.20–2.08), no condom use at last sex (OR = 2.77, 95%CI = 2.09–3.69), and cumulative sexual risk (OR = 1.82, 95%CI = 1.38–2.41). Multiple sexual partnerships showed no significant associations with lifetime pregnancy. Married or cohabiting AGYW were more likely to report cumulative sexual risk behaviors. (OR = 2.67, 95%CI = 1.91–3.71). Cumulative sexual risk behaviors were lower among AGYW with secondary education (OR = 0.57, 95%CI = 0.33–0.99) and those from rich households (OR = 0.62, 95%CI = 0.43–0.88). The findings underscore the need for interventions promoting safe sex and relationships, especially among AGYW who have experienced pregnancy. Programming should address the structural, socio-economic drivers of early pregnancy.
“Nobody does checkups back there”: A qualitative study of refugees’ healthcare needs in the United States from stakeholders’ perspectives
Authors: Yeo Sarah , Stewart Hannah L. N. , Mohan Ragha , Poudel-Tandukar Kalpana , Aldulaimi Sommer , DiVito Brittany , Alaofè Halimatou
Published: June 2024

The number of refugees globally grew to 35.3 million in 2022, and many refugees are exposed to various health risks along their migration journey. As a result, they may arrive in host communities with numerous health issues, including communicable diseases and chronic and mental health conditions. Navigating the healthcare system in a host country proves to be a significant challenge for them, leading to delayed care. This qualitative study explored the convolute healthcare needs of refugees in the United States by soliciting insights from stakeholders involved in refugee resettlement and healthcare. In-depth interviews were conducted with fifteen stakeholders who work closely with refugees, including healthcare providers, cultural/clinical health navigators supporting refugees, staff from refugee resettlement agencies and governmental entities, and researchers studying refugee health. Following informed consent, interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and imported into MAXQDA 2022 (VERBI Software) for thematic analysis. The results revealed key themes, including the heterogeneity of refugee populations, limited awareness of preventive healthcare, high prevalence and suboptimal management of chronic conditions, complexity of the healthcare system, lack of follow-up, and language barriers. Further research is warranted concerning the long-term health of refugee populations in the United States. Additionally, more tailored programs involving peer educators are recommended to support refugee communities in navigating the complex healthcare system in the host country.
Human Transformation (HX) in the Age of AI and the Challenges of Education through the Post-Human Debate
Authors: Suzuki Shoko
Published: June 2024

Concerning a posthuman perspective, this paper attempts to provide a new perspective on future changes in teaching and learning in the age of artificial intelligence. With the development of technological civilisation, humans have adapted to the environmental world while at the same time attempting to remould it using technology and tools. Humans have survived by acquiring new skills and abilities to manipulate technology and tools. Human Transformation (HX), updated to respond to technological innovations, is now upcoming human intellectual activities through AI technology. What are the challenges of HX in the age of AI, and what perspectives will be critical in this process?
This paper traces back to how machines with computational intelligence or reasoning functions were named ‘artificial intelligence’ that can reproduce human intellectual activities. It examines the wide-ranging social impact of the naming of AI and the growing phenomenon of expectations and anxieties about AI. It then notes two sources behind the posthuman debate. The first is the trend towards an upgraded stage of human intelligence over the current human by enhancing it through medical and even AI-based technology. The second trend seeks a new direction for post-humanity by focusing on its diversity, such as society and culture, through a critical examination of the view that uniformly evaluates all human conditions through a universal model of human beings. Navigating them is an excellent educational challenge. Focusing on the similarities and differences between human intelligence and artificial intelligence, the paper examines the challenges of education to develop the unique characteristics of human intelligence further and achieve freedom from AI technology, considering the legal, ethical and social issues (ELSI) of making wise use of AI.
Ecología de encuentros: la lógica del compostaje como respuesta educativa al colapso ambiental
Authors: Todd Sharon
Published: June 2024

Este artículo analiza la interconexión de las relaciones humanas, no humanas y ambientales dentro del discurso poshumanista en mitad de la crisis ecológica. Rememora el despertar ambiental de los años setenta debido a la crisis energética, la contaminación química y el incipiente campo de los estudios ambientales, creando un telón de fondo para explorar cómo la educación actual puede abordar los retos ecológicos, ambientales y climáticos.
Se compromete de forma crítica con el pensamiento poshumanista al mismo tiempo que aboga por cambiar de una relacionalidad centrada en el ser humano a otra más inclusiva que abarque lo no humano y el medioambiente. Siguiendo la línea de la noción de Donna Haraway de “compostista” frente a “poshumanista”, el artículo aboga por una relacionalidad encarnada y enredada que responde a las exigencias de un mundo dañado, criticando las tradiciones humanistas por contribuir a las crisis ecológicas al dar prioridad a los humanos sobre otras formas de vida.
En esencia, el artículo propone una “ecología del encuentro” como marco educativo, y hace hincapié en el potencial generativo del encuentro que se extiende más allá de las interacciones humanas para incluir lo más que humano. Sugiere que la educación puede cultivar la interconexión y la transformación mutua, desafiando los supuestos de separación y superioridad humanas.
El texto analiza perspectivas teóricas como el nuevo materialismo, la teoría del actor-red y los estudios críticos sobre animales y, para ello, defiende prácticas educativas que van en sintonía con las complejas y dinámicas relaciones vitales. Al comparar la educación con el compostaje, plantea que la educación es capaz de transformar, de forma que las nuevas subjetividades y relacionalidades pueden navegar por la ruptura ambiental.
En resumen, el artículo aboga por reimaginar la educación como respuesta a la crisis ecológica. Al adoptar una relacionalidad del compost que reconoce la interconexión de todas las formas de vida, sostiene que la educación es fundamental para fomentar las relaciones y los entendimientos vitales y abordar así los retos de la era poscambio climático, lo que requiere una reevaluación radical de la división humano-naturaleza y un compromiso con las prácticas educativas transformadoras.
Uma Revisão Sistemática Sobre o Uso de Jogos para Fomentar a Participação de Meninas na Área de Computação: Uma Análise do Women in Information Technology (WIT)
Authors: Da Silva de Paula Amanda , Fabrício Auler Cauã , Hahn Melo Sabrina , Hartmann Ferreira Vinicius
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTThe presence of women in the field of computing is low due to alack of representation and appreciation, resulting in little interest inpursuing careers in these fields. However, the use of games tostimulate girls' interest in computing has shown positive results.This article presents the findings of a Systematic Literature Reviewfocused on works from Women in Information Technology.Successful initiatives were identified that used games to spark girls'interest in computing. However, the community's interest has notshown growth over the years.
Human-centered design to address challenges in school schedule generation and management
Authors: Nunes Vargas Pablo , Gabriel Leandro , Felberk Shigihara Yukio , Gorski Trevisan Daniela
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTClass scheduling presents a recurring challenge each semester in educationalinstitutions. Frequently, the methodologies and tools usedin creating class schedules do not meet the needs of stakeholders,leading to considerable dissatisfaction and potential conflicts amongthe team. This project aims to demonstrate a human-centered approachby employing design thinking in action, through a detailedreport on the methods and techniques used in the collaborativedevelopment of a school scheduling prototype. The design processincluded three primary phases: immersion, ideation withinconstraints, and evaluation of the proposed solution. As a result, aversatile and functional prototype was developed, undergoing threeevaluative interactions: heuristic evaluation, First Click analysis,and System Usability Scale (SUS) testing. As evaluations progressed,the prototype underwent the necessary modifications, showcasingits evolution within a user-centered process. This functional prototypeis the main outcome of this research. Furthermore, this studyseeks to contribute to encouraging and demonstrating the use ofthe design thinking process in the development of a software tool
Predicting Bug-Fixing Time with Rating Features - A Comparison Between Ratings and Reputations
Authors: Rafael de Oliveira Rodrigues Bruno , Maurício Costa José
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTPredicting bug-fixing time plays an important role in allowing asoftware manager and team to make decisions about allocationof resources, prioritization and scheduling. Estimating the timeto fix a bug is not a simple task. In the literature, machine learning(ML) models have been proposed to help software managersdecide whether a bug might be fixed now or later. One featurehighlighted in ML models for predicting bug-fixing time is reporterreputation. However, these features are based on the participationof the reporter or developer in the project, but do not take intoaccount the time taken to fix the bugs. In this study, we proposenew two features called "reporter rating" and "developer rating."Unlike reputations, ratings are based on the time taken to fix abug. In this study, we carried out an experiment in two datasetscontaining bug reports.We ran the reputation and rating features inten ML models and compared the results. Additionally, we verifiedthe features together and combined them with textual features. Asa result, we found that ratings can improve the performance of themodels. Ratings had the best results in probabilistic models, whilereputation was better in models that use the decision tree approach.When used together, reputations and ratings do not substantiallyincrease the performance of the models when compared to individualresults. However, ratings improve performance when combinedwith textual features more than reputations.
Projeto de um Aplicativo Desktop no App Designer para Calibração de Sensor TCS230 com Arduino
Authors: Lima Barreto Josiele , Braga Junior Gilson
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTCalibration is fundamental for the proper functioning of a sensor,considering its sensitivity and susceptibility to influences fromspecific processes in which it is employed. This study aims todevelop a desktop application to assist in calibrating the TCS230color sensor using MATLAB® software through the AppDesigner tool. This application is integrated into a prototype of amachine for sorting objects by color, with data input receivedfrom an Arduino board. Three different tests were conducted,involving the use and non-use of the application and variations inambient lighting conditions around the prototype. As a result, auser manual was generated, and the calibration process wasstreamlined through the implementation of a calibration button,which yielded frequency interval values of maximum andminimum ranges. Consequently, this work demonstrates that theplatform is efficient and applicable in various scenarios focusedon color identification using a TCS230-type sensor.
Image Classification for Precision Agriculture: A Coffee Study Case
Authors: Ribeiro Julio , Mileski Matheus , Luis Seixas Junior José , Fernando Carvalho Luiz , Gomes Mantovani Rafael
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTPrecision agriculture has emerged as a transformative approachto optimizing crop production and resource management in theagricultural sector. It leverages advanced technologies like remotesensing, geographic information systems, and decision supporttools. In recent years, machine learning has become an integralcomponent of precision agriculture, providing the ability to analyzelarge volumes of complex data and generate valuable insights formore informed decision-making. This study benchmarked differentsupervised algorithms in an image classification dataset of coffeeand non-coffee areas. Algorithms were comprehensively evaluatedand analyzed, with traditional machine learning models trainedin three versions of the original dataset, and compared with twoDeep Learning algorithms. The experimental results were promising,showing that SVMs and RF algorithms can provide accuratepredictions for most images with average accuracy values above0.8. The RF algorithm, in specific, statistically outperformed all theother traditional algorithms. Deep Learning baselines were slightlymore accurate but had a higher computation cost in the trainingstep. VGG16 was the best-evaluated model, followed by the simpleCNN and RF, with no statistical difference between the last two.Results suggest that there is still scope for further improvement inusing the traditional algorithms.
Detecção de Hipertensão Arterial usando Fotopletismografia e Aprendizado de Máquina
Authors: Henz Douglas , Luís Del Mestre Martins André , Costa Machado Juliano , Pires Itturriet Fábio
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTHypertension is the leading cause of death worldwide, consideringcardiovascular diseases. In its initial phase, it presents no symptomsand is usually diagnosed when it has already affected other organs.Continuous blood pressure monitoring allows the discovery of thefirst temporary and sporadic events of hypertension. This workproposes using the non-invasive photoplethysmography (PPG)signal in conjunction with machine learning techniques to detecthypertension events. Morphological information is extracted fromsignals acquired from a database fed to models trained with thek-Nearest Neighbors (kNN) and Support Vector Machines (SVM)techniques. As a result, models were obtained with an accuracy ofup to 82,96 ± 2,12(%), F1-Score of up to 81,90 ± 2,11(%), and falsenegative rate of up to 17,30 ± 2,90(%) for the kNN technique andSVM models have obtained performances of 76.80 ± 2.18(%), 78.20± 2.65(%) and 3.60 ±3.48(%) accuracy, F1-Score, and false negativerate, respectively.
Metareciclagem com o Projeto ReuseTech
Authors: De Souza Josiney , Teixeira da Silva Abraão , Cristina Nakasawa Kobus Leticia , Amaro da Silva Miguel
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTIn Information Technology, one of the concerns is electronic wastefrom equipment, highly polluting, and environmental preservation.At IFC campus Brusque, to work on this cross-cutting theme, theReuseTech project was proposed. This is a report on the experiencesof seven years (2016 to 2022) of project as an alternative toinsert research and extension in high school or higher educationcurricula. From the knowledge of the curriculum courses, the studentscollected computer equipment, did sorting and, what could berecovered, was donated to the local society; what could not be, disposedof correctly in ecopoints. This work presents and discussesthe main results of the project in research (such as summaries,events, brands and software registrations) and extension (such asaudience reached, donations, assembly and maintenance computerworkshops).
Classificação de Dígitos Manuscritos em Imagens Ruidosas: Explorando o uso e a adaptação conjunta de redes neurais para classificação e remoção de ruído
Authors: Eduardo Lima Gabriel , De La Rocha Ladeira Ricardo , Augusto Penharbel Éder
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTImage classification entails assigning labels to an image based onits visual representation. Among the approaches used for this problem,the use of neural networks is particularly notable. However,these algorithms can be hampered by noisy data. Preprocessingtechniques, such autoencoder neural networks, are employed tomitigate this impact. Therefore, the problem of classifying noisy imagesis approached using two models: one for classification and theother for noise removal. The research question asks about the feasibilityof incorporating information from the classification modelinto the development and adaptation of the noise removal model.The general objective is to explore the possibility on accuracy improvingof an image classifier using an autoencoder for noise removal,adapted by introducing the classification error metric intoits learning algorithm. The scope of this research is limited to thechallenging problem of classifying handwritten digits in images.The adopted method is an experimental research consisting of fourstages: (I) evaluation of the classifier’s performance in noise-freeimages; (II) analysis of classifier performance in noisy images; (III)investigation of the impact on classification performance after imagepre-processing; (IV) exploration of the adaptation of the noiseremoval model and analysis of its impact on classification. It standsout as a significant result that the proposed adaptation can improvethe rate of correct classifications for pre-processed noisy images,in addition to showing signs of making the development of noiseremoval models more efficient.
GameProgLog: Jogo Educativo com Conceitos Básicos de Computação para o Ensino Médio
Authors: Treml Diogo , Roveri Rodrigues Kleber , Hiroshi Bundem Luis , Paiva Melo Marin Regina , Teixeira Witt Diego , A. Gouvea da Silva Carlos
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTThis article presents the creation of game’s scenarios aimed at teachingbasic computing and encouraging computational thinking forhigh school students. As a methodology, a bibliographical surveywas used as well as inspirations through gamification, unpluggedcomputing and games. One questionnaire was applied in the contextof the Technical Course in Informatics Integrated to High Schoolclass as an evaluation instrument, which was separated into twodifferent groups. The relevance of this game was identified, highlightingthe need to improve and review certain design choicesrelated to the conceptual and visual aspects used in these scenarios.
Processamento de Linguagem Natural em Processos de Tomada de Contas Especial
Authors: Dos Passos Tortelli Sabrina , Mueller Alessandro
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTIn recent years, due to the significant volume of produced textdocuments, challenges have arisen in the search and analysis ofcontent, necessitating the development of techniques for the extractionof useful information. In the field of Law, where the majority ofinformation is in legal texts, information extraction has become crucialfor discovering knowledge in unstructured data. Named entityrecognition, driven by the advancement of deep learning models,stands out as the main technique for this task. This project aimedto explore the possibility of expanding the number of explanatoryvariables beyond those available on the institutional website ofTribunal de Contas da União, using natural language processingtechniques in the Special Accounting processes. The developmentof the proposal included web scraping for data collection, preprocessingof pieces, entity annotation, fine-tuning pre-trained modelsin the legal domain and named entity recognition task, in additionto extracting entities. From the selected texts, 388,201 records(tokens and/or phrases) were extracted, with 286,781 and 101,420records from the Instruction and Judgment pieces, respectively, confirmingthe research hypothesis and demonstrating the feasibilityof expanding variables using natural language processing.
Discerning the functional role of plasmalogen at the synapse by shotgun lipidomics
Authors: Gane Iwan , Coates Kathryn , Hunter Ann , Angelini Roberto
Published: June 2024

We seek to investigate the functional role of PEp in neurons with aims to better understand its involvement in neurodegeneration and the potential of clinical applications targeting its metabolism. To achieve this, we have developed a simple
in vitro neuronal model to assay synapse function while modulating PEp levels. SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells are differentiated into neuron-like cells by serum starvation and incubation with neurotropic factors. These cells exhibit a highly polarised, neuron-like morphology, forming neural networks and co-localised pre- and post-synaptic markers. Plasmalogen levels and speciation are modulated by post-transcriptional gene silencing of PEp biosynthetic enzymes and supplementation with plasmalogen precursors and labelled PUFA. PEp levels are analysed by shotgun lipidomics in parallel with assays of synaptic assembly and protein expression including ICC/IF, PCR, and Western Blot.

For targeted ESI-HRAM-MS/MS shotgun lipidomics, we utilised an LTQ-Orbitrap XL (ThermoFisher Scientific) coupled with a TriVersa NanoMate (Advion Biosciences), following established methods (Nielsen, 2017). Lipids are identified by product-ion scan MS
n analyses, targeting PE, PEo, and PEp species for quantification against an internal standard. PEp specie identification was confirmed by MS
n analysis (Hsu, 2018) and sensitivity to acid hydrolysis (Han, 2005).

Our preliminary data demonstrates that PEp levels and fatty acid composition play a role in synapse formation, with further experiments being implemented to investigate underlying mechanisms. We are currently developing further our shotgun lipidomics approach to employ data-independent acquisition and incorporate a range of internal standards to enable identification and quantitation of the global lipidome.
Diagnostics Based Patient Classification for Clinical Decision Support Systems
Authors: Paliwal Gaurav , Bunglowala Aaquil , Kanthed Pravesh
Published: June 2024

The widespread adoption of Electronic Healthcare Records has resulted in an abundance of healthcare data. This data holds significant potential for improving healthcare services by providing valuable clinical insights and enhancing clinical decision-making. This paper presents a patient classification methodology that utilizes a multiclass and multilabel diagnostic approach to predict the patient's clinical class. The proposed model effectively handles comorbidities while maintaining a high level of accuracy. The implementation leverages the MIMIC III database as a data source to create a phenotyping dataset and train the models. Various machine learning models are employed in this study. Notably, the natural language processing-based One-Vs-Rest classifier achieves the best classification results, maintaining accuracy and F1 scores even with a large number of classes. The patient diagnostic class prediction model, based on the International Classification of Diseases 9, showcased in this paper, has broad applications in diagnostic support, treatment prediction, clinical assistance, recommender systems, clinical decision support systems, and clinical knowledge discovery engines.
Examining Elementary Pre-service Teachers’ Self-Efficacy for Enhancing Elementary Students’ Interest in Science
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Choi Yoon-Sung
Published: June 2024

Purpose: This research aimed to examine the self-efficacy of pre-service elementary teachers in fostering an interest in science among elementary students.
Methods: A cohort of eighty-nine pre-service teachers from A University of Education participated in this survey, with six consenting to additional non-face-to-face interviews.
Results: Analytical results from item-specific descriptive statistics revealed that these pre-service teachers exhibit low levels of self-efficacy in stimulating scientific curiosity among students. t-tests, segmented by gender and academic background, indicated no significant gender disparity; however, marked differences were observed across all ‘belief’ and ‘competence’ items when comparing academic backgrounds. Open-ended question analysis highlighted a perceived lack of preparedness among preservice teachers across the multifaceted dimensions of competence, belief, and educational diversification in science interest enhancement. Nonetheless, they recognized the importance of engaging students in science-related activities, lesson enhancement, school administrative support, utilization of community science museums, development of varied science-related programs, and educationally contextual approaches involving digital literacy and new technologies.
Conclusion: This study suggests that exploring the self-efficacy of pre-service elementary teachers in augmenting interest in science among students may serve as a foundational step towards understanding the current decline in student interest in science and foreseeing the potential impact of future elementary teachers on student science engagement.
Deprescribing bisphosphonates in the osteoporosis treatment in older people
Authors: Dudinskaya E. N. , Malaya I. P.
Published: June 2024

The term deprescribing (de-prescribe) means the abolition of appointments. In the modern researches, deprescribing is presented as a planned and controlled process of dose reduction or drug cessation, which can potentially harm the patient and/or does not benefit the patient. The target population for deprescribing is the older people, as old age and limited life expectancy are themselves reasons to try to reduce and optimize the drug load. Frailty syndrome or dementia, decreased kidney function and comorbidity are expected to coexist with polypragmasy and inconsistent appointments of different specialists. In foreign and domestic scientific studies there are manuals and recommendations on deprescribing of various groups of drugs for the elderly and seniors: proton pump inhibitors, sugary drugs, psychotropic drugs and others. However, with regard to osteoporosis drug therapy, the concept of deprescribing is debated rather sparingly, despite the possible serious side effects of osteoporosis treatment in the older age group.

The review presents data from small clinical studies and systematic reviews describing deprescribing antiosteoporotic drugs from the bisphosphonate group, the reasons for their withdrawal and its consequences for the elderly and seniors with osteoporosis, as well as the analysis of tools for optimizing pharmacotherapy in elderly and seniors with respect to deprescribing of bisphosphonates.
Surrogate markers in assessment of bisphosphonate effectiveness in osteoporosis treatment (bone mineral density, bone turnover markers)
Authors: Belaya Zh. E. , Rozhinskaya L. Ya.
Published: June 2024

A review of the literature which summarizes our knowledge on the use of surrogate markers of the osteoporosis treatment effectiveness when on bisphosphonate (BP) therapy. Bone mineral density (BMD) and markers of bone turnover, which have been shown to be associated with the clinical fracture end point, have been used as surrogate criteria for the effectiveness of treatment of osteoporosis in randomized controlled trials. When prescribing BP for the treatment of osteoporosis, BMD measurement every 12 months by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the well-described surrogate marker of BP efficacy. At the same time, stabilization of BMD is also a criterion for the treatment effectiveness since changes in BMD determined only 16% of the anti-fracture effectiveness of BP. Markers of bone remodeling can be used as surrogate markers after 3 (bone resorption) or 6 (bone formation) months from the start of BP therapy. A decrease of 30% or more is considered to be prognostically effective for both antifracture and BMD gain. There is a direct relationship between the degree of bone remodeling markers decrease and the antifracture effectiveness of BP therapy. The decrease in markers persists throughout the entire period of therapy and, accordingly, they can be used as surrogate markers of effectiveness and adherence to BP therapy throughout the entire treatment period. However, the presence of pathological fractures is a key clinical manifestation of osteoporosis and should be considered first in every decision making compared to any surrogate marker.

Thus, when prescribing BP treatment, surrogate markers of changes in BMD and/or markers of bone remodeling can be used to monitor the effectiveness of treatment throughout the entire period of treatment and patients’ monitoring.
Massive Open Online Courses in Social Sciences and Their Implementation at Universities in Delhi
Authors: Bhardwaj Raj Kumar , Saxena Vimal
Published: June 2024

Universities around the world have successfully incorporated Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) intotheir curricula and have facilitated credit transfers. The present study examines the integration of MOOCs inseven Indian universities. Moreover, the study focuses on the level of amalgamation of MOOCs, perceptions ofinstitutions regarding the provision of online courses, and transition of MOOCs from informal to formal education. Furthermore, the study investigates the hindrances faced by higher educational institutions in providing services to MOOC learners. Purposive sampling technique was employed to facilitate selection of institutions. The responses were collected using a structured questionnaire. The study found moderate level, low level and very low-level integration of MOOCs in all seven universities. Six out of seven institutions namely, JNU, JMI, DU, GGSIPU, DBRAUD and NLU, adopted “Explain the perceived usefulness” as a strategy to influence the affordability uptake of MOOCs. Five out of seven institutions educate users about different MOOC platforms in the information literacy events. Surprisingly, two institution libraries out of seven revealed that their library services align with MOOCs. Surprisingly, majority of libraries of the seven institutions have not formulated any noteworthy strategy to foster the uptake of MOOCs among the academic community. Therefore, LIS professionals ought to grasp the nuances of various MOOC platforms. Also, library strategies should include MOOCs so that users can benefit.
Scientiometric Study on Authorship Pattern in Knowledge Management
Authors: M S Salma , P M Prakasan
Published: June 2024

The Present study focuses on authorship patterns in Knowledge Management using scientometrics. Thestudy found Del Giudice M as the most productive author with an h-Index of 20. The study found that Del Giudice M. is the most locally cited author with 25 articles with a fractionalised value of 7.05. The study identified Del Giudice M, Lee S, Bontis N, Ferraris A, and Serenko A as the most prolific authors from 2010 to 2023 The most striking observation is the presence of an Indian author, whose paper published in the Journal of Service Research was cited 738 times with a TCpY of 52.71. The study also reveals that more documents were collaborative, which accounts for the prevalence of publications with multiple authors with the USA leading the scene. This study deliberates mostly on authorship patterns in Scientometric research connected to Knowledge Management to cultivate a fairer, more varied, and influential research environment that accurately represents the depth and complexity of Knowledge Management practices and issues. This paper analysis Lotka’s Law, Most Local Cited Authors in KM, the authorship pattern, most locally cited authors, the productivity of authors over time, and most globally cited publications in Knowledge Management.
Gamificación como estrategia para incluir la educación ambiental en el contexto universitario: caso REHI
Authors: Marlés Betancourt Claritza , Peña Torres Parcival , Pardo Rozo Yelly Yamparli
Published: June 2024

Este artículo describe una experiencia de innovación educativa en el aula mediante el diseño de un juego de mesa como alternativa didáctica para introducir la educación ambiental en el contexto universitario. Esta experiencia considera las realidades ambientales de los recursos hídricos y el impacto que genera el ser humano sobre ellos. Se presenta una investigación aplicada en el campo educativo, con enfoque mixto y fases metodológicas de la investigación basada en diseño, que aborda la construcción colectiva del juego Reduce tu huella hídrica con un grupo semilla a través del design thinking y la gamificación. En las distintas fases de desarrollo participaron 106 estudiantes de la Universidad de la Amazonía, elegidos a través de un muestreo no probabilístico. Entre los resultados se destaca la sensibilización ambiental de los participantes respecto a los recursos hídricos en la fase de implementación, con una valoración positiva en cuanto a la apropiación percibida del conocimiento, la importancia del tema en la región, las dinámicas del juego en términos de su capacidad para motivar cambios actitudinales y la importancia metodológica de la gamificación en el desarrollo de competencias genéricas como el trabajo en equipo, la creatividad y la comunicación. El juego de mesa diseñado representa una alternativa didáctica participativa y flexible que contribuye desde la academia a la construcción de una cultura hídrica en el piedemonte amazónico colombiano.
Book review of: Schmid, Christian (2022): Henri Lefebvre and the Theory of the Production of Space
Authors: Hesse Markus
Published: June 2024

Buchrezension
SKOV-3 and Me45 Cell Response to Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy: an in Vitro Study
Authors: Gonera A. , Wawryka J. , Sobkowicz A. , Biezunska-Kusiak K. , Dubinska-Magiera M. , Krajewski A. , Choromańska Anna
Published: June 2024

We studied malignant melanoma cell line Me45 and human ovarian carcinoma cell line SKOV-3 (resistant to cisplatin, adriamycin and diphtheria toxin), assessing their expression level of p53, HSP70 and glutathione S-transferase GST-π before and after chemotherapy with cisplatin. These proteins may be responsible for the occurrence of chemoresistance in cancer patients. To assess protein expression we used the immunocytochemical Avidin-Biotin-peroxidase Complex (ABC) method. Before application of chemotherapy, proteins p53, HSP70 and GST-π were present in 100 % of the examined melanoma cells. After the treatment, the intensity of the immunocytochemical reaction for p53 increased, whereas the intensity of immunocytochemical staining for HSP70 and GST-π decreased. In SKOV-3 cells, p53 and HSP70 were present in 100 % of the examined cells both prior to chemotherapy and after it. However, the intensity of the immunocytochemical reaction for p53 decreased, while that of HSP70 increased. As regards GST-π, only 5 % of all examined SKOV-3 cells revealed its expression before chemotherapy. Incubation with cisplatin caused an elevation in the number of ovarian cancer cells expressing GST-π up to 50 %. Moreover, the intensity of the immunocytochemical reaction for GST-π significantly increased.
Si metasurface supporting multiple quasi-BICs for degenerate four-wave mixing
Authors: Moretti Gianni Q. , Weber Thomas , Possmayer Thomas , Cortés Emiliano , Menezes Leonardo de S. , Bragas Andrea V. , Maier Stefan A. , Tittl Andreas , Grinblat Gustavo
Published: June 2024

Dielectric metasurfaces supporting quasi-bound states in the continuum (qBICs) enable high field enhancement with narrow-linewidth resonances in the visible and near-infrared ranges. The resonance emerges when distorting the meta-atom’s geometry away from a symmetry-protected BIC condition and, usually, a given design can sustain one or two of these states. In this work, we introduce a silicon-on-silica metasurface that simultaneously supports up to four qBIC resonances in the near-infrared region. This is achieved by combining multiple symmetry-breaking distortions on an elliptical cylinder array. By pumping two of these resonances, the nonlinear process of degenerate four-wave mixing is experimentally realized. By comparing the nonlinear response with that of an unpatterned silicon film, the near-field enhancement inside the nanostructured dielectric is revealed. The presented results demonstrate independent geometric control of multiple qBICs and their interaction through wave mixing processes, opening new research pathways in nanophotonics, with potential applications in information multiplexing, multi-wavelength sensing and nonlinear imaging.
A review on modeling of graphene and associated nanostructures reinforced concrete
Authors: Yue Qiang , Wang Qiao , Rabczuk Timon , Zhou Wei , Chang Xiaolin , Zhuang Xiaoying
Published: June 2024

Concrete is the most popular construction material in infrastructure projects due to its numerous natural advantages. Nevertheless, concrete constructions frequently suffer from low tensile strength and poor durability performance which are always urgent tasks to be solved. The concrete reinforced by various nanomaterials, especially graphene and its associated nanostructures (GANS), shows excellent chemical and physical properties for engineering applications. The influence of GANS on cement composites is a multiscale behavior from the nanoscale to the macroscale, which requires a number of efforts to reveal via numerical and experimental approaches. To meet this need, this study provides a comprehensive overview of the numerical modeling for GANS reinforced concrete in various scales. The background and importance of the topic are addressed in this study, along with the review of its methodologies, findings, and applications. Moreover, the study critically summarizes the performance of GANS reinforced concrete, including its mechanical behavior, transport phenomena, and failure mechanism. Additionally, the primary challenges and future prospects in the research field are also discussed. By presenting an extensive overview, this review offers valuable insights for researchers and practitioners interested in numerical simulation to advance concrete science and engineering.
Uncertainty avoidance level and purchase intention in Hungarian e-commerce
Authors: Phamthi Vananh
Published: June 2024

THE AIM OF THE PAPER
The study investigates the impact of individuals’ uncertainty avoidance level on the relationship between risk and purchase intention in Hungarian e-commerce. It also distinguishes between perceived risk and affective risk in the decision-making journey.
METHODOLOGY
The study conducts empirical research using a sample of 283 Hungarian online shoppers and applying structural equation modelling (SEM).
MOST IMPORTANT RESULTS
The findings show that perceived risk and affective risk negatively impact consumers' purchase intentions in Hungarian e-commerce. Further, uncertainty avoidance negatively moderates the relationship between perceived risk and purchase intention. The study emphasises the role of affective risk in the decision-making journey. It also supports investigating cultural differences at an individual level in the literature on perceived risk in e-commerce.
RECOMMENDATIONS
This study suggests that companies may improve Hungarian consumers’ perceptions regarding the seller's reliability, product quality, logistics capacity, etc. to diminish perceived risk and affective risk. Further, it reveals another approach to customer segmentation based on individual cultural values.