bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neural network-aided classification of hyperspectral vegetation images with a training sample generated using an adaptive vegetation index
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Firsov N. , Podlipnov V. ,   Samara National Research University,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Ivliev N. ,   Samara National Research University,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Nikolaev P. ,   Institute for Information Transmission Problems, RAS, Mashkov S. ,   Samara State Agrarian University, Ishkin P. ,   Samara State Agrarian University, Skidanov R. ,   Samara National Research University,   IPSI RAS - Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Nikonorov A. ,   Samara National Research University
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we propose an approach to the classification of high-resolution hyperspectral images in the applied problem of identification of vegetation types. A modified spectral-spatial convolutional neural network with compensation for illumination variations is used as a classifier. For generating a training dataset, an algorithm based on an adaptive vegetation index is proposed. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is shown on the basis of survey data of agricultural lands obtained from a compact hyperspectral camera developed in-house.
Focusing of a vector beam with C-lines of polarization singularity
Authors:   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Kotlyar V.V. ,   Samara National Research University, Stafeev S.S. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University, Nalimov A.G. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University
Published: February 2022

We discuss the sharp focusing of an initial hybrid vector light field of the n-th order that has n C-lines (lines along which the polarization is circular). Using a complex Stokes field, it is shown that the polarization singularity index of such a field is equal to n / 2. The initial field is shown to retain it singularity index in the focal plane. Analytical expressions are obtained for the intensity and Stokes vector components in the focal plane. It is shown theoretically and numerically that for an even-order field with n = 2p, the intensity pattern at the focus has symmetry and instead of C-lines, C-points are formed, with the axes of polarization ellipses rotating around them. For n = 4, there are C-points with singularity indices 1/2 and with a “lemon” topology. Around such points, a surface that is formed by the polarization ellipses in a three-dimensional space has a Möbius strip topology. For an odd-order initial field with n = 2p +1, the intensity pattern at the focus is shown to have no symmetry, with the field becoming pure vectorial (no elliptical polarization) and the linear polarization vectors rotating around V-points.
Laser printing of diamond nanoparticles with luminescent SiV center
Authors:   Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Komlenok M.S. , Kudryavtsev O.S. ,   Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pasternak D.G. ,   Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vlasov I.I. ,   Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Konov V.I. ,   Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2022

A possibility of laser printing of single diamond nanoparticles with luminescent SiV centers is demonstrated. To provide the transfer, a target consisting of a transparent sapphire plate and an absorbing thin titanium film (600 nm thick) coated with nanoparticles was irradiated with a KrF excimer laser ("lambda"=248 nm, "tau"=20 ns). Optimal values of the laser fluence have been determined and a technique for applying labels for the targeted transfer of nanoparticles has been developed. Luminescence mapping of the donor and the receiving substrates confirmed the transfer of diamond nanoparticles with SiV centers.
Stylistics Analysis Of National Geographic Magazine’s Cover June Edition
Authors: Ariwibowo Vincentius Seto
Published: February 2022

This research presented the Stylistics analysis of National Geographic magazine’s cover June edition. The magazine was chosen because it is one of the magazine's newest issues by the time the researcher conducting this research. The Stylistic approach was employed to understand and reveal the magazine editor's purposes in using specific language and visual features. Considering this research analyzes visual feature; therefore, the theory of visual grammar was employed. To achieve the analysis's goal, the researcher analyzed the language features from three language levels and a feature from visual grammar. In the level of phonology, the features are assonance, alliteration, and consonance. In the level of graphology, the features are italicization, uppercase, and lowercase. In the level of typography, the features are font size and the position of the text. In the visual grammar, the feature is distance. The researcher found that the language and visual features are used in purposes. They were used to give some effects to the reader that can attract them to read the magazine. In conclusion, the stylistics was proven in revealing the editor’s purposes of using language and visual feature in the magazine cover.  Keywords: stylistics, visual analysis, magazine cover
Naringenin and morin reduces insulin resistance and endometrial hyperplasia in the rat model of polycystic ovarian syndrome through enhancement of inflammation and autophagic apoptosis
Authors: Yi Yang  , Liu Jiuying , Xu Weiwei
Published: February 2022

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a gynecologic disorder with unsatisfactory treatment options. Hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance (IR) are two symptoms of PCOS. The majority of PCOS patients (approximately 50% to 70%) have IR and moderate diffuse inflammation of varying degrees. We investigated in-vitro and in-vivo effects of naringenin, morin and their combination on PCOS induced endometrial hyperplasia by interfering with the mTORC1 and mTORC2 signaling pathways. The vaginal smear test ensured the regular oestrous cycles in female rats. Serum cytokines (TNF-α & IL-6) were assessed using the ELISA test, followed by in-vivo and in-vitro determination of prominent gene expressions (mTORC1& C2, p62, LC3-II, and Caspase-3 involved in the inflammatory signaling mechanisms through RT-PCR, western bloting, or immunohistochemical analysis. In addition, the viability of naringenin or morin treated cells was determined using flow cytometry analysis. The abnormal oestrous cycle and vaginal keratosis indicated that PCOS was induced successfully. The recovery rate of the oestrous cycle with treatments was increased significantly (P<0.01) when compared to the PCOS model. Narigenin, morin, or a combination of the two drugs substantially decreased serum insulin, TNF-α, IL-6 levels with improved total anti-oxidant capacity and SOD levels (P<0.01). Treatments showed suppression of HEC-1-A cells proliferation with increased apoptosis (P<0.01) by the upregulation of Caspase-3 expression, followed by downregulation of mTORC, mTORC1, and p62 (P<0.01) expressions with improved LC3-II expressions (P<0.05) respectively. The histological findings showed a substantial increase in the thickness of granulose layers with improved corpora lutea and declined the number of cysts. Our findings noticed improved inflammatory and oxidative microenvironment of ovarian tissues in PCOS treated rats involving the autophagic and apoptotic mechanisms demonstrating synergistic in-vitro and in-vivo therapeutic effects of treatments on PCOS-induced endometrial hyperplasia.
International Immigration Policy and Evaluating the impacts of Immigration
Authors: Das Debolin , Sultana Farha , Das Monisha
Published: February 2022

Over the past three decades, new anti-immigration policies and laws have issued to address the migration of undocumented and illicit immigrants. Previous study on immigration was conducted to assess and understand how these immigration policies and laws may affect to lot of sectors among undocumented immigrants and among citizens. This article will show a direct relationship between immigration policies and their effects. In addition, as a result of these policies, undocumented immigrants were impacted by mental health outcomes, including depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, uncertain future, poor lifestyle, and unstable economic life. Sometimes international immigration policy has serious limitations, particularly when viewed from an economic perspective. Some shortcomings arise from faulty preliminary design, others from the inability of the system to adapt to changing circumstances. In either case, a disrelish to confront politically tenacious decisions is often a contributing factor to the failure to craft laws that can stand the test of time. We argue that, as a result, some key aspects of international immigration policy are incoherent and mutually incompatible — new policies are often inconsistent with past policies and undermine their goals. Inconsistency makes policies less effective because participants in the immigration system realize that lawmakers face powerful enthusiasm to revise policies at a later date. Policies regarding impermanent visas, unaffiliated immigration, and humanitarian migrants offer examples of laxity and incompatibility. This article proposes key features of an integrated, coherent immigration policy from an economic perspective and how policymakers could better attempt to achieve policy consistency across laws and over time.
The National Higher Education Fund Corporation Loan Helps the Malaysian Students to Solve Education Problems
Authors: Karuppannan Gunasegaran , Balasubramaniam Buvaneswary , Mohd Sheikh Abu Bakar , Syed Chear Syed Lamsah
Published: February 2022

Traditionally, access of primary and secondary education has been easier for most people in Malaysia. The challenge has always arisen when it comes to tertiary education. Most people are unable to  fund themselves or through their families to continue their studies in higher education institutions. In Malaysia, a key to help the finance tertiary education is by the National Higher Education Fund Corporation. This study seeks to assess the effectiveness of the National Higher Education Fund Corporation loan in improving the access to education, more particularly tertiary education. A qualitative study was conducted to find whether the National Higher Education Fund Corporation loan really helps the Malaysian students to solve their financial problem in tertiary education. The study shows that many parents are saying that the National Higher Education Fund Corporation loan is a real help to reduce their financial problem. At the same time there are also parents reject the National Higher Education Fund Corporation loan because they don’t want to burden their children in paying back the loan.
Meaning of Lamongan Batik Motifs (Semiotic Prespective)
Authors: Mulyono  , Wuryaningrum Rusdhianti
Published: February 2022

This study discusses the ideological meaning of the name and painting of batik motifs in Lamongan, Indonesia. The Lamongan batik motif is a semantic discourse that needs to be analyzed to reveal literally the meaning of the values ​​believed by the Lamongan community. As part of culture, batik is a social semiotics representation of the ideology of society. This research is applied with semiotics study method to reveal ideological meaning. Perspective semiotics provides an idea of ​​the ideological meaning. The results of the analysis show that there are philosophical values ​​based on four categories, namely morals, historical education, spirituality, and tradition. The four categories are based on the descriptions of several figures who put forward the philosophical value of naming the Lamongan batik motif and the philosophy of batik craftsmen in creating names and painting of batik motifs. The philosophical values ​​consist of categories of religious philosophical values, moral values, and social values. The referential meaning that dominates is the referential meaning of nature. Philosophical values ​​that can be identified from the referential meaning of nature (flora and fauna) are moral philosophical values ​​because they are related to human ethics towards nature. Linguistic form, in the morphological aspect, shows linguistic awareness in creating art objects. Ideologically, the batik motif and its name show the awareness of maintaining the relationship between humans, humans with nature, and humans with God.

 

Keyword: ideological meaning, lamongan batik motifs, semiotics perspective
Perceived Skills and Employability of Senior High School Graduates: Basis for Youth Employment Policy
Authors: Carada Imelda , Aliazas John Vincent , Palacio Lucila , Palacio Christian Maria Amor
Published: February 2022

Most high school graduates in the Philippines immediately enrolled in college after summer vacation. On the other hand, not everyone is cut out for the collegiate life following high school. For some, the school has become a chore or a source of frustration. Others haven't found it to their liking. A sabbatical before going back to school full-time may be an option for those who have completed their degree. Because of financial constraints, some high school graduates opt to work rather than complete their education. This study aims to ascertain the extent to which manifestations affect senior high school graduates' perceived skills and employability. This study surveyed 324 senior high school graduates from San Pablo City, Laguna, Philippines. Multiple regression analysis was utilized to identify significant predictors of the employability of SHS graduates. The findings indicate that respondents showed a high manifestation of cognitive, technical, and emotional skills. Similarly, employability was deemed very probable among senior high school graduates. Furthermore, moderate to strong correlation was seen between variables. Finally, technical and emotional skills were identified as a major predictor of senior high school graduates' employability. The findings formed the basis for future youth employment policy.
A Proposed Prototype Evaluation Instrument in Filipino 1 in State Universities in Tacloban City
Authors: De Mesa Alvin
Published: February 2022

This study focused on the development of a proposed prototype evaluation instrument in Filipino 1.  Specifically, the study sought to answer the following questions:  What proposed prototype evaluation instrument should be developed in Filipino 1?  What intervention scheme may be proposed to improve the academic performance of education students of the Leyte Normal University and Eastern Visa as State University? The study used the descriptive developmental research with fifty (50) First Year Education students for the first dry run at  Leyte Normal University, and another set of fifty  (50) First Year Education students for the final dry run was conducted at Eastern  Visayas State University; and  Fifty (50) First Year  Education students for establishing reliability of the final form of the evaluation instrument in Filipino 1,  conducted at  Leyte Normal University with a combined coefficients of 0.72 which was interpreted as having a  "high reliability."To determine whether the Proposed Prototype Evaluation Instrument in Filipino 1 is valid and reliable, the following were considered:  Validation of the evaluative instrument as determined by the panel of evaluators; administering the evaluation instrument at Leyte Normal University for the first dry run and Eastern Visayas State University for the final dry run; item analysis, after the dry runs; and lastly, analyzing the distracters where the conditional and not effective distracters were removed or changed.
Reassentamento e direitos sociais das comunidades locais em Moçambique
Authors: Manhique Teles de Azivedo Artur
Published: February 2022

A partir das experiências da Kenmare em Moma, da Vale Moçambique em Moatize, e da Maputo Sul no contexto da construção da ponte entre Maputo e Katembe, o presente artigo procura analisar o impacto do reassentamento resultante de projectos de desenvolvimento económico, sobre os direitos sociais das comunidades locais. O estudo parte do pressuposto de que: (i) o atropelo aos direitos sociais, constituem um factor de pobreza para comunidades locais, ao colocar em causa o acesso a serviços básicos como saúde, educação, rede eléctrica, abastecimento de água, assistência social e outros; (ii) o desenvolvimento não é sinónimo do crescimento económico, uma vez que envolve uma série de melhorias qualitativas institucionais, políticas e socioculturais, com vista a promoção do bem-estar da população. Baseado na pesquisa bibliográfica e trabalho de campo, o estudo assume-se, em termos de abordagem, como uma pesquisa qualitativa, feita com recurso a materiais publicados, bem como, à observação participante e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os resultados do estudo, demostram que o processo de reassentamento carece de melhorias e aperfeiçoamentos nas suas várias etapas por forma a que, não possa constituir um obstáculo ao progresso dos direitos humanos das comunidades abrangidas pelos projetos de desenvolvimento.
Management skladnosti in tveganj v letalstvu
Authors: Knez Sandi , Željko Županič Franc
Published: February 2022

Management skladnosti in tveganj je v letalstvu, kjer je poudarjena skrb za varnost vseh udeležencev, pomemben del upravljanja odgovornih na vseh ravneh. Skladnost s predpisi v dokaj celovito regulirani panogi letalstva je ključnega pomena za spodbujanje družbenih vrednot, ki jim primarno služijo predpisi. V letalstvu ne gre toliko za spoštovanje predpisov temveč predvsem za iskanje rešitev, da bi predpisi zagotavljali ustrezno raven varnosti hkrati pa sledili vrednotam družbe v smislu človekovih pravic. Obvladovanje tveganja je identifikacija, analiza, odprava in/ali ublažitev na sprejemljivo raven nevarnosti, posledično tveganj, ki ogrožajo sposobnost preživetja organizacije. Preden je mogoče učinkovito zgraditi ali izboljšati obvladovanje tveganja, je treba identificirati varnostna tveganja v operaciji. Na letalskih operacijah mora sistem managementa varnosti temeljiti na upravljanju tveganj. Identifikacija nevarnosti je predpogoj za proces obvladovanja varnostnih tveganj. Vsako napačno razlikovanje med nevarnostmi in varnostnimi tveganji, je lahko vir zmede. Jasno razumevanje nevarnosti in z njimi povezanih posledic je bistveno za izvajanje ustreznega.
Management v logistiki prehrane
Authors: Alma Ramčilović Jesih Alma , Podbregar Iztok
Published: February 2022

Management v logistiki prehrane stremi h kar najugodnejšemu tesnemu sodelovanju v celotni dobavni verigi ter si prizadeva, da je le-ta optimizirana in trajnostna. Epidemija je podjetja prisilila v preučevanje lastnih procesov ter iskanje morebitnih izboljšav, predvsem z vidika logistike, saj so bile (in so še vedno) prizadete številne logistične poti. V logistiki prehrane je moč opaziti slabšo kakovost blaga, prav tako globalno pomanjkanje določenega blaga ter posledično izjemno porast cen izdelkov. Učinkovito upravljanje s sredstvi omogoča zmanjševanje skupnih stroškov sredstev za zagotavljanje višje ravni storitev, ki so tudi skladne s standardi, zahtevami, predpisi in pričakovanji potrošnikov. Upravljanje sredstev zajema strateško planiranje, tehnologijo in podatke, optimizacijo procesov in poslovno modeliranje, hkrati pa vpleta ljudi, procese in tehnologije. Cilj prispevka je bil izboljšati vse logistične procese v izbranem podjetju tako, da bi prenovljeni podjetju prinesli večjo konkurenčnost na trgu. Uporabili smo deskriptivni pristop raziskovanja ter z metodo deskripcije in kompilacije opredelili pomembna teoretična izhodišča o izbrani tematiki.
Trajnostno gospodarjenje z viri
Authors: Vidic Franc
Published: February 2022

V Evropi predstavlja podeželje dobro polovico ozemlja, na katerem živi slaba četrtina prebivalcev. Ohranjanje življenjskega prostora, vrednot in dediščine je ključ do kakovostnega življenja prihodnjih generacij. Pomembno je ohraniti ustrezen habitat za ljudi, rastline in živali, pa tudi kakovost naravnih virov (tla, voda, zrak, ekosistemi). Med osnovne pogoje za življenje spada tudi zadostna količina hrane, ki bi morala biti varna. Upad kakovosti in razpoložljivosti naravnih virov, podnebne spremembe in naraščanje števila prebivalstva so zadosten razlog, da je treba marsikaj spremeniti. Velik poudarek razvoja mora biti na znanju, trajnostnem razvoju in podjetniški iniciativi. Konkurenčne ponudbe z visoko dodano vrednostjo ne smemo ustvarjati s plenjenjem naravnih virov ali na račun degradacije okolja. V prispevku se osredotočamo na podeželje, združujemo strokovne ugotovitve in prakse v predloge za izboljšanje ekosistema gospodarjenja na podeželju, kar bi omogočalo razvijati ideje, inovativne modele trajnostnega gospodarjenja in učinkovitost, pa tudi oblikovati dodano vrednost in odpirati nova delovna mesta.
Influence of wood-concrete material structure on strength and deformation properties
Authors:   BMSTU (Mytishchi branch), Zaprudnov V.I.
Published: February 2022

It is established that with an increase in the length of the filler particles, the axial compression strength of the wood-concrete material (arbolite) increases, and the volume shrinkage decreases. An increase in the linear shrinkage of the arbolite across the prism parallel to the direction of the pressing force and a decrease in the linear shrinkage across the prism perpendicular to the direction of the pressing force with an increase in the length of the filler particles is determined. An increase in the specific pressure of pressing arbolite with an increase in the length of the filler particles was revealed. Studies have shown that the dependence of the strength of arbolite is inversely proportional to the content of water-soluble wood substances in the organic aggregate of which it is made, its shrinkage, the specific surface area of the aggregate, water consumption and the volume content of wood filler in arbolite. Theoretically necessary for a chemical compound, the water-concrete ratio In/C is 0,4, however, from the condition of the workability of arbolite, the ratio In/C is recommended to be equal to 0,7...0,8.
Individual Planning or Adaptation: Personal Destinies of Non-Estonians in the Period of Socio-Economic Reforms of the 1990s in Estonia
Authors: Saar Ellu , Kazjulja Margarita
Published: February 2022

The aim of this paper is to analyze the interrelationship between structural changes and personal destinies of non-Estonians. How do non-Estonians who have grown up in a socialist system and have finished their education in the late 1980s or early 1990s experience a societal transformation? Were structural and institutional changes brought about by a minimum of adaptations and fluctuations or a by maximum of turbulence and mobility? How successful were they in converting resources gained in the old system into other types of assets in post-socialist conditions? The paper is based on in-depth interviews conducted in 2003 and 2004 with non-Estonians graduating from secondary educational institutions in 1983 and belonging to the so-called “winners” cohort. One of the central results of the analysis is that non-Estonians’ behaviour was not so much directed by purposeful biographical projects but rather it could be characterized as an adaptation to new circumstances. Opportunities proved to be less a matter of individual control and planning than of unfavourable structural conditions. Our analysis indicated the stability of relative rankings in social hierarchy despite the huge amount of job moves. It was evident that having only higher education did not guarantee non-Estonians a stable position in the labour market. Broad social network helped to realize this resource.
Dionysian and Apollonian in Advertising The Representations of Pleasure and Discipline in Finnish Television Advertisements
Authors: Sarpavaara Harri
Published: February 2022

The recent accounts of our era usually argue that pleasure, sensuality, and sexuality play essential roles in media and consumer culture. Advertising especially is regarded as a place where rational argument is displaced by pleasure and sex. However, it is hard to find systematic empirical analysis to verify these claims. In this article, I examine the pervasiveness of the ideal of pleasure empirically in television advertising by analysing 167 Finnish advertisements. The findings suggest that the prevailing discourse about hedonistic culture and especially the hedonistic advertising culture captures something essential, but that this discourse does not tell the whole story because it does not notice the flipside, the ideal of the ascetically-oriented body that appears as frequently as the hedonistic ideal.
Spatial concentration of local government expenditures on family foster care in Poland
Authors: Łochnicka Dorota , Miszczyńska Katarzyna , Miszczyński Piotr
Published: February 2022

This article presents local government expenditures on family foster care in terms of their spatial concentration. The main aim of the study is to capture regional differences in the financing of family foster care in Poland. The location quotient and the shift-share analysis were applied in the study. The spatial disparities in the functioning of social assistance, in terms of foster family care, in Poland have been detected. These differences are caused by higher revenues for budgets, resulting in major additions to social benefits.
Etos pracy czy kontrideologia pracy?
Authors: Walczak-Duraj Danuta
Published: February 2022

W opracowaniu Autorka podjęła próbę wskazania z jednej strony zjawisk, które wpływają na proces indywidualizacji i fragmentu etosu pracy w Polsce, z drugiej strony tych, które oddziałują na treść wiodących schematów motywacyjnych i interpretacyjnych przywoływanych przez pracowników, które mogą stanowić przesłanki do wykształcenia się kontrideologii pracy.
Wartości codzienne i podstawowe w świadomości młodzieży maturalnej w Puławach
Authors: Mariański Janusz
Published: February 2022

Wartości codzienne, podstawowe czy ostateczne, niezwykle ważne w życiu każdego człowieka, mają charakter religijny lub pozareligijny. Autor opracowania skupia się na omówieniu wybranych wartości uznawanych przez maturzystów puławskich. Grupa wiekowa została wybrana nieprzypadkowo. W tym właśnie wieku szczególnie przeżywa się kryzys tożsamości, w tym kryzys tożsamości religijnej czy moralnej. Wybory dokonywane przez młodzież w badanej grupie wiekowej często są swoistą ambiwalencją oraz wskazują na brak stabilizacji w tym trudnym czasie dla młodzieży.
Zapis promocji książki ks. prof. Janusza Mariańskiego "Kondycja religijna i moralna młodzieży szkół średnich w latach 1988–1998–2005–2017 (raport z ogólnopolskich badań socjologicznych)"
Authors: Kasperek Andrzej
Published: February 2022

Spotkanie dotyczyło promocji książki ks. prof. Janusza Mariańskiego pt. „Kondycja religijna i moralna młodzieży szkół średnich w latach 1988–1998–2005–2017 (raport z ogólnopolskich badań socjologicznych)”, które poprowadził 8 października 2018 r. dr hab. Marek Rembierz w ramach V edycji Wolnej Szkoły Nauk Filozoficznych i Społecznych im. prof. Jana Szczepańskiego. Rozmowę spisał Andrzej Kasperek.
Does surgical or medical management of extrahepatic portosystemic shunts in dogs carry a better prognosis for the resolution and reduction of neurological dysfunction?
Authors: Smachlo Julia , Gordon-Evans Wanda
Published: February 2022

PICO question

In dogs with congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts that are treated with surgical attenuation what is the persistency, frequency, severity and outcome of neurological signs when compared to dogs that are treated medically?

 

Clinical bottom line

Category of research question

Prognosis

The number and type of study designs reviewed

Ten papers were critically reviewed

Strength of evidence

Weak

Outcomes reported

For short-term success, owners reported an overall decrease in neurological signs associated with neurological dysfunction and an increase in quality of life after the initiation of either medical management or surgical management. Surgical management has a weak association with higher mortality or severe neurological signs in the immediate postoperative period

Conclusion

It is challenging to make a direct comparison between medical and surgical management but, overall, both strategies seemed to decrease neurological signs in the short term. There was a lack of evidence and available data about the efficacy of each for long-term control of neurological signs

 

How to apply this evidence in practice

The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources.

Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.
Niveles de urea en leche en sistemas silvopastoriles
Authors: Navas Panadero Alexander , Molina Durán Carlos Hernando , Molina Durán Enrique José , Vargas Sánchez Julio Ernesto
Published: February 2022

El exceso de proteína en la dieta puede generar problemas productivos y reproductivos en rumiantes. La medición de la urea en la leche permite determinar la disponibilidad ruminal de energía y proteína, y, así, hacer ajustes en la dieta de ser necesario. El objetivo de este estudio fue cuantificar la concentración de urea en la leche en un hato que pastorea sistemas silvopastoriles multiestrato en alta densidad. Se evaluó un sistema doble propósito en El Cerrito, Valle del Cauca (Colombia). Los animales estuvieron divididos en tres grupos de alimentación (praderas con guinea-leucaena-algarrobo, estrella-leucaena–algarrobo, y estrella-algarrobo, respectivamente). Se recolectaron muestras de leche en el ordeño de la mañana y la tarde de cada animal seleccionado en cada grupo, a las cuales se les determinó la concentración de urea (Ureasa/ Berthelot). La concentración de urea en la leche del ordeño de la mañana y la tarde estuvo correlacionada positivamente (r = 0,86), la concentración promedio fue de 22,7±9,4 mg/dl. Sin embargo, entre grupos de alimentación varió (p < 0,001), fue mayor en el primer muestreo (p < 0,001), y también se observó una amplia variación entre los muestreos de una misma base forrajera. Los sistemas silvopastoriles multiestrato presentan adecuado balance entre la materia orgánica fermentable y la proteína degradable a nivel ruminal.
Evolución del grado de afectación del nervio facial con fisioterapia en un instituto especializado en Lima
Authors: Fuentes Lozada Patricia Andrea , Valenzuela Rodríguez Diana Lizette , Yesang Canales Julissa Estefany , Martínez Ampuero Adela , Marroquín Ballón Jorge Gabriel , Alfaro Fernández Paúl Rubén
Published: February 2022

La fisioterapia es fundamental en el tratamiento de la parálisis facial, la escala House-Brackmann 2.0 registra y evalúa la afectación del nervio facial, haciendo un análisis en la funcionalidad, simetría facial y sincinesias, permitiendo observar los cambios en su evolución. Objetivo: Registrar los cambios presentes en pacientes con parálisis facial periférica luego de un tratamiento estándar por un determinado tiempo en un Instituto Especializado. Material y Métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo tipo cohorte única, longitudinal y prospectivo que evaluó a todos los pacientes adultos con parálisis facial periférica que asistieron al servicio de Neurorrehabilitación del INCN, cumpliendo con los criterios de inclusión. El instrumento utilizado fue la escala House-Brackmann 2.0, la cual se aplicó en cuatro oportunidades (primer día de evaluación, primer mes, segundo mes y tercer mes). Resultados: Se observó que el puntaje promedio del grado de afectación del nervio facial antes del tratamiento fue 18,82 (IC: 11-24)/ Grado IV; en la segunda evaluación, aún con los 72 pacientes, disminuyó a 10,87 (IC: 5-21)/Grado III; a la tercera llegaron 65 pacientes con 6,32 (IC: 4-14)/Grado II y finalmente a la cuarta llegaron 23 pacientes con 4,26 (IC: 4-7)/ Grado I. Conclusiones: El 97,2% de pacientes que iniciaron su tratamiento presentando un grado IV culminaron en grado I logrando la simetría facial y el fortalecimiento muscular, según la escala House-Brackmann 2.0.
Viability Assay Of Human Fibroblast Cells Treated by Water Hyacinth Leaf Extract After 24 Hours Incubation
Authors: Wardi Ully Nafisah
Published: February 2022

Inflammation and alveolar bone resorption are indications of periodontal disease, which is a chronic inflammatory illness caused by bacterial colonization that damages the soft and hard structures that support the teeth. In response to persistent tissue injury and chronic inflammation, fibroblasts also play a role in the synthesis and maintenance of extracellular matrix, cell proliferation, and cell differentiation. Fibroblasts play a crucial part in the healing of wounds. Phenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, and tannins are some of the health-promoting components found in water hyacinth. As a result, plant extracts must be tested first, one of which is the viability test in accordance with the requirements and materials in the field of dentistry. The viability test is a cell-based test that is often used for screening compounds to determine whether the test compound has an effect on cell proliferation or has a direct cytotoxic effect that leads to cell death. The goal of this study is to figure out what concentration of water hyacinth leaf extract can keep human gingival fibroblast cells alive for 24 hours. Primary cell cultures from human gingiva were extracted and placed in a 96-well microplate. For 24 hours, water hyacinth leaf extract at concentrations of 1 mg/ml, 0.5 mg/ml, 0.25 mg/ml, 0.25 mg/ml, 0.125 mg/ml, 0.0625 mg/ml, 0.0312 mg/ml, 0.0156 mg/ml was administered to each well in the microplate. After 24 hours of incubation, the MTT assay was carried out by adding MTT solution. The optical density of formazan was measured using an ELISA reader at a wavelength of 590 nm, and viability was calculated using the viability formula. Starting at 0.125 mg/ml, 0.0625 mg/ml, 0.0312 mg/ml, and 0.0156 mg/ml, the vitality of human gingival fibroblast cells was good. In the treatment group, the greatest vitality of human gingival fibroblast cells was 0.0156 mg/ml (75.98%).
Data Journalism in the Context of Important Political Events
Authors: Vrabec Norbert , Proner Ján
Published: February 2022

Data journalism is one way to provide readers with objective and relevant reports. The study ‎is a content analysis of the use of data journalism by Slovak online news portals. The research sample ‎consists of 11,267 articles published during February 2020, February 2019, June 2019 and November‎2019. The aim was to use a quantitative research strategy to determine whether significant policy events ‎have an impact on the higher frequency of data journalism components in domestic news. The results ‎show that data journalism is an integral part of newsrooms. Despite this, the use of data faces several‎ problems, especially in terms of journalists’ lack of skills and experience in this area of journalism. This ‎is also reflected in the limits of the use of data journalism in reporting on an influential agenda that‎ has an impact on public and political life. Newsrooms do not respond adequately to the presence of a‎ significant political and public agenda, which is mainly processed in the form of text articles, while more‎ sophisticated components of data journalism are used only sporadically.‎
The Role of Mesothelin Expression in Serous Ovarian Carcinoma: Impact on the Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Therapeutic Target
Authors: Giordano Giovanna , Ferioli Elena , Tafuni Alessandro
Published: February 2022

Mesothelin is a protein that is expressed in the mesothelial cell lining in the pleura, peritoneum, and pericardium. The gene of mesothelin encodes a precursor protein that is processed to yield mesothelin, which is attached to the cell membrane by a glycophosphatidylinositol linkage and a shred fragment named the megakaryocytic-potentiating factor. The biological functions of this substance in normal cells are still unknown. Experimental studies on knockout mice suggest that this substance does not play an important role in development and reproduction. In contrast, it has been observed that mesothelin is produced in abnormal amounts in several malignant neoplasms, such as mesotheliomas and pancreatic adenocarcinomas. Given that mesothelin is overexpressed in many solid tumours and has antigenic properties, this molecule could be considered a tumour marker or an antigenic target for many malignancies. Many molecular studies also have demonstrated that mesothelin is overexpressed in serous ovarian carcinomas and may bind to ovarian cancer antigen Ca-125, favouring the spread of the tumour in the abdominal cavity. 3 Here, we discuss the current knowledge of mesothelin and focus on its role in clinical and pathological diagnoses as well as its impact on the prognosis in serous ovarian carcinomas. We also briefly discuss the latest progress of mesothelin-targeting therapies for this aggressive and lethal neoplasm.
Differential Acellular Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Generation by E-cigarettes Containing Tobacco-Free Nicotine (TFN) and Tobacco-Derived Nicotine
Authors: Yogeswaran Shaiesh , Rahman Irfan
Published: February 2022

Tobacco Free Nicotine (TFN) Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) are yet to be classified as tobacco products; consequently, there is ambiguity over whether Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulatory authority can be extended to include TFN e-cigarettes. In recent years, a more significant number of e-cigarette companies have been manufacturing TFN-containing e-cigarettes and e-liquids to circumvent FDA regulations. While studies have shown that aerosols generated from tobacco-derived nicotine-containing e-cigarettes contain significant Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) levels, no comparison studies have been conducted using TFN e-cigarettes. This study uses a single puff aerosol generator to aerosolize TFN and tobacco-derived nicotine-containing vape-products and subsequently involves semi-quantifying ROS generated by these vape products in H2O2 equivalents. We found that the differences between ROS levels generated from TFN and tobacco-derived nicotine-containing vape products vary by flavor. TFN tobacco flavors and fruit flavors are more toxic in terms of ROS generation than menthol/ice and drink/beverage flavored products using TFN. The type of salt nicotine used in vape products, TFN or tobacco-derived nicotine, impacts the level of ROS generated from flavored vape products. Thus, a better understanding of the type of salt nicotine used in e-cigarettes (tobacco-derived or synthetic), has modulating effect on lung oxidative stress.
Phenotypic Heterogeneity Drives Differential Disease Outcome in Triple Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Thankamony Archana P. , Murali Reshma , Chakraborty Priyanka , Karthikeyan Nitheesh , Varghese Binitha Anu , Jaikumar Vishnu Sunil , Jolly Mohit Kumar , Nair Radhika
Published: February 2022

The triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype is one of the most aggressive forms of breast cancer that has poor clinical outcome and still remains as an unmet clinical challenge. Accumulating evidence suggests that intratumoral heterogeneity or the presence of phenotypically heterogeneous cell populations within a tumor plays a crucial role in chemoresistance, tumor progression and metastasis. Increased understanding of the molecular regulators of intratumoral heterogeneity will enable the development of effective therapeutic strategies in TNBC. We have identified a molecular mediator involved in intratumoral heterogeneity in breast cancer using an unbiased approach. We isolated two heterogeneous tumor cell populations from the 4T1 TNBC tumor model and phenotypic characterization revealed that the cells are distinct in terms of their morphology, proliferation and self-renewal ability in vitro; as well as primary tumor formation and metastatic potential in vivo. Further, RNA sequencing on both cell populations was performed to identify the molecular mediators underlying this heterogeneity. Bioinformatic analysis performed on the differentially expressed genes along with the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis in TNBC patients identified Metastasis associated colon cancer 1 (Macc1) as the top candidate gene mediating the aggressive phenotype. The role of Macc1 in regulating the proliferative phenotype was validated using siRNA mediated gene knockdown. The role of Macc1 in the aggressive cancer cell phenotypes and disease progression is being studied further using a small molecule transcriptional inhibitor of Macc1 in cell line and animal models, thus increasing our understanding of the molecular underpinnings of intratumoral heterogeneity in breast cancer that is critical to the improvement in the treatment of women currently living with the highly aggressive TNBC subtype.
Fatigue Crack Initiation and Propagation Relation at Notched Specimens with Welded Joints Characteristics
Authors: Braun Moritz , Fischer Claas , Baumgartner Jörg , Hecht Matthias , Varfolomeev Igor
Published: February 2022

The fatigue life of welded joints under cyclic loading is a complex process that can be roughly divided into fatigue crack initiation, crack propagation and final fracture. Usually, these phases are evaluated separately. Several methods are available to estimate the extent of the different phases in welded components, such as stress-based fatigue concepts for crack initiation or linear elastic fracture mechanics for crack propagation; however, distinguishing these phases in welded components is a complex procedure and often relies on assumptions such as transition crack sizes. The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between fatigue crack initiation and propagation in welded joints using artificially notched specimens with welded joints characteristics of different notch acuity (different radii and opening angle). The experiments show that the investigated relationship basically depends on the notch acuity, the load level and the stress ratio.
Defining the Challenges - Identifying the Key Poisoning Elements to be Separated in a Future Integrated Molten Salt Fast Reactor Clean-up System for iMAGINE
Authors: Merk Bruno , Detkina Anna , Litskevich Dzianis , Drury Michael , Noorikalkhoran Omid , Cartland-Glover Gregory , Petit Leon , Rolfo Stefano , Elliott Justin P , Mount Andrew R
Published: February 2022

Nuclear fission technologies have the potential to play a significant role in the energy mix of a net-zero and sustainable society. However, to achieve the sustainability goal two significant challenges remain: efficient and sustainable fuel usage and the minimisation of long term nuclear waste. Civil nuclear molten salt systems and technologies offer the opportunity to address both, delivering future reactors at scale for efficient and effective power production and nuclear waste burnup. Potentially, both objectives could be fulfilled in one reactor system, which could significantly improve sustainability indices. In addition, demand driven development of a significantly reduced fuel cycle with enhanced proliferation resistance offers further potential for improvement. To achieve these goals, a transformative approach for salt clean-up during molten salt reactor operation is proposed in this work, by concentrating on the detection and removal of key neutron poisoning elements which prevent the reactor from long-term operation. This work also demonstrates the importance of the effective integration of physics, reactor design and chemistry when systems modelling in achieving these system development goals.
Effect of Dietary Soybean Oil Inclusion on Liver-Related Transcription Factors in a Pig Model for Metabolic Diseases
Authors: Fanalli Simara Larissa , da Silva Bruna Pereira Martins , Gomes Julia Dezen , Ciconello Fernanda Nery , de Almeida Vivian Vezzoni , Freitas Felipe André Oliveira , Moreira Gabriel Costa Monteiro , Silva-Vignato Bárbara , Afonso Juliana , Reecy James , Koltes James , Koltes Dawn , Regitano Luciana Correia de Almeida , Baileiro Julio Cesar de Carvalho , Freitas Luciana , Coutinho Luiz Lehmann , Fukumasu Heidge , de Alencar Severino Matias , Luchiari Filho Albino , Cesar Aline Silva Mello
Published: February 2022

The objective of this study was to identify key transcription factors involved in lipid metabolism and immune response related to the differentially expressed genes (DEG) from the liver samples of 35 pig model for metabolic diseases fed diets containing either 1.5 or 3.0% soybean oil (SOY1.5 or SOY3.0). A total of 281 DEG between SOY1.5 and SOY3.0 diets (log2fold-change ≥ 1 or ≤ −1; FDR-corrected p-value < 0.1) were identified, in which 129 were down-regulated and 152 were up-regulated in SOY1.5 group. The functional annotation analysis detected transcription factors linked to lipid homeostasis and immune response, such as RXRA, EGFR, and SREBP2 precursor. These findings demonstrated that key transcription factors related to lipid metabolism could be modulated by dietary inclusion of soybean oil. It could contribute to nutrigenomics research field that aims to elucidate dietary interventions in animal and human health, as well as to drive the food technology and science.
Highly Efficient Synthesis of Benzimidazoles Using Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Nardi Monica , Bonacci Sonia , Herrera Cano Nativitad , Oliverio Manuela , Procopio Antonio
Published: February 2022

A microwave assisted method for synthesis of 2-substituted benzimidazoles has been developed. The combination of molar ratio N-phenyl-o-phenylenediamine:benzaldehyde (1:1) using microwave irradiation and only 1% mol of Er(OTf)3 provide an efficient, environmental and mild access to a diversity of benzimidazoles under solvent-free conditions.
Küresel Enerji ve Gıda Fiyatlarının Türkiye’de Enflasyona Etkisinin Zamanla Değişen Nedensellik Analiziyle İncelenmesi
Authors: DEMİR Yusuf
Published: February 2022

Mevcut üretim, tüketim yapısı çoğunlukla ithal girdilere bağımlı olan Türkiye ekonomisinde, enflasyonun uluslararası belirleyicilerini araştırmak bu çalışmanın temel amacıdır. Bu amaçla, 2006:Q1-2020:Q3 döneminde çeyreklik verilerle, uluslararası düzeyde küresel enerji fiyatlarının ve küresel gıda fiyatlarının yurt içindeki fiyatlar üzerindeki etkisini görebilmek için küresel emtia fiyatları, küresel gıda fiyatları, geniş tanımlı para arzı M3’ün GSYİH’ya oranı ve döviz kuru değişkenleri kullanılmıştır. Değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiler VAR blok Granger ve zamanla değişen nedensellik yöntemleriyle analiz edilmiştir. Test sonuçları, enflasyon ile küresel emtia fiyatları, küresel gıda fiyatları, döviz kuru, kişi başına düşen milli gelir ve para arzı arasında uzun dönemli bir ilişkinin olduğunu göstermektedir. Zamanla değişen nedensellik yöntemi, 2008:Q4 döneminde enflasyon ile küresel emtia ve gıda fiyatları, para arzı ve döviz kuru arasında çift yönlü nedensellik olduğunu göstermiştir.
THEORETICAL BASIS OF FORMATION ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC MECHANISM OF BIG DATA USE
Authors: Stashevskaya M.
Published: February 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the formation of the organizational and economic mechanism for the use of big data. The factors that influenced its formation are considered, the features of labor relations, property relations, needs relations and relations of socio-economic determination of the behavior of subjects in the digital economy are shown. It is shown that the circumstances of the formation of the organizational and economic mechanism for the use of big data and the specific features of relations in the digital economy determine the features of this mechanism, consisting in its low degree of institutional formalization, virtuality, hyper-connectivity and multidimensionality.