bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The cultural repertoire of recontextualized superhero in the Avengers sequels
Authors: Nangimah Musrifatun
Published: September 2021

This research presents content analysis to the cultural repertoire of Marvel Cinematic Universe�s superhero motion pictures. It investigates the content, theme, and core ideas of Avengers sequels: The Avengers (2012), Avengers: Age of Ultron (2015), Avengers: Infinity War (2018), and Avengers: Endgame (2019). It explores how the Avengers sequels portrays recontextualization of superhero characters and whether as well as to what extent it provides US cultural monomyth. The finding shows that each character of the Avengers has flaws and vulnerabilities as common human beings that leave them from traditional superhero monomyth. Nevertheless, it still illustrates US cultural imperialism, pharmakon portrayal, hegemonic masculinity, and sovereignty. These motion pictures still serve US heroism and patriotism interest as well as binary interplay: order-chaos, law-violence and villain-superhero that occurs among superheroes, extra-terrestrial race, robots and Titans despite its recontextualized characters. Moreover, it depicts the traditional masculine ideal valorisation where men are more likely powerful, intelligent, and equipped by sophisticated technology whereas women are seen as supportive superheroes with implied beauty standards. The recommendation for future research is discussed.
La colaboración Universidad-tercer sector en la perspectiva de los académicos: el caso de la Universidad Autónoma de Baja California
Authors: Lindquist Sánchez Ricardo , García Galván Rodolfo
Published: September 2021

Se caracteriza la colaboración mediada por el conocimiento entre los académicos de la Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (UABC) y los actores que conforman el tercer sector. El estudio tuvo un alcance descriptivo, de diseño no experimental, que consistió en la aplicación de un cuestionario en línea a 75 profesores-investigadores de la UABC. Los resultados demuestran que la colaboración con el tercer sector es incipiente comparada con la sostenida con empresas o entidades gubernamentales y se ve obstaculizada por factores relacionados con la burocracia, la ausencia de personal de vinculación altamente especializado y la sobrecarga laboral de los académicos universitarios.
Explorando el perfil del consumidor universitario. Un estudio de caso de una escuela socialmente responsable en México
Authors: Rangel Lyne Lucirene , Azuela Flores José Ignacio , Ochoa Hernández Magda Lizet
Published: September 2021

Se registra una tipología de consumidores socialmente responsables con base en sus percepciones de responsabilidad social corporativa (RSC) y en la identificación que tengan con las empresas socialmente responsables (ESR). Para lograrlo, se llevó a cabo un análisis clúster no jerárquico de aglomeración k-means con una muestra de 135 consumidores universitarios. Los resultados arrojan cuatro distintos tipos de consumidores: a) los escépticos de la RSC, b) los escépticos del medioambiente, c) los entusiastas de la RSC y d) los entusiastas del medioambiente.
Three-gap resonator for miniature multi-beam klystron
Authors:   Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Miroshnichenko A. Yu. , Chernyshev M. A. , Tsarev V. A. , Akaf'eva N. A.
Published: September 2021

The paper presents the results of a study of a three-gap resonator for a miniature multi-beam klystron. A feature of the resonator is the use in the construction of a suspended dielectric substrate with strip resonant conductors located on it. The main electrodynamic parameters of the resonator were calculated. The analysis of the high-frequency electric field along the interaction space is carried out for each of the modes. For the antiphase and in-phase modes, the possibility of tuning the resonator to multiple resonant frequencies is shown. Electronic parameters were calculated for the frequency multiplicity mode. The investigated resonator can find application in miniature multi-beam klystrons of the centimeter and millimeter range.
The Effect of Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) Model With Outdoor Approach Towards the Students’ Ability of Mathematical Representation
Authors:   SUPM Negeri (Indonesia), Universitas Terbuka (Indonesia), Priyadi Hermawan Gatot , Yumiati Yumiati
Published: September 2021

This study aimed to determine the effect of the implementation of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) model with the outdoor approach towards students’ ability in mathematical representation. It was quasi-experimental research consisting of two experimental classes and one control group. It used a pretest-posttest control group design. The population of this study was the students of SUPM Tegal. Sampling was conducted using cluster random consisting of three classes. The first experimental group was carried out by implementing the learning model of CTL with the outdoor approach. The second experimental group was carried out by implementing a learning model of CTL, while the control group was conducted by implementing a conventional learning model. The research instrument was a 7-point mathematical representation test in the form of an essay. The results of the research were 1) the learning model of CTL with an outdoor approach affected the improvement and achievement of the students’ ability in mathematical representation and was higher than CTL and a conventional learning; 2) the improvement of the students’ ability of representation in the groups of CTL with outdoor approach, CTL, and conventional learning respectively was in high, medium, and low category.
Jeremia Pratama Sinaga
Authors: PEMBANGUNAN GOVERNANCE: JURNAL POLITIK LOKAL DAN
Published: September 2021

This research is a qualitative descriptive approach and the object of research is involved elements such as the school Principal, Vice Principal Curriculum and teachers at SMPN 7 Pematangsiantar. The focus of this research is to identify and analyze the implementation of Curriculum Policy, 2013 in SMPN 7 Pematangsianar using a model that was initiated by George C. Edward III in the form of communication, resources, disposition and bureaucratic structures that play a role in policy implementation. The data used is the verbal data from respondents information about the implementation of curriculum policy in 2013 in SMPN 7 Pematangsiantar. The technique of collecting data using interviews, observation and documentation. Analysis of the data in this study include stage data reduction, data presentation and data verification or conclusion. The results showed that the implementation of curriculum policy in 2013 in SMPN 7 Pematangsiantar generally running well but not optimal. Until runs in the third year, the evaluations are made every year to make more optimal implementation of this policy. In the communication factor, sub factor and consistency of information transmission has not gone well, from the sub factor clarity there is little problem. The vagueness of this information related to the curriculum changes that took effect too quickly
Saut Parlindungan Sinaga
Authors: PEMBANGUNAN GOVERNANCE: JURNAL POLITIK LOKAL DAN
Published: September 2021

This study used a qualitative approach with descriptive form that menyajikat picture of good governance phenomena that occur at the level of districts in the province of North Sumatra. This research was conducted in 2016, located in Pematangsiantar specifically phenomenon observation area of research carried out in several districts scattered in Pematangsiantar.Results of research descriptively explained that the application of the values of good governance in the sub-districts scattered in Pematangsiantar is good enough. Nevertheless strategic efforts aimed at improving the implementation of the spirit of the values of good governance will be developed as sustainable as needed empowerment and service to the community.There are several factors that significantly affect the successful implementation of the values of good governance throughout the District Government in Pematangsiantar which includes aspects of delegation of authority fully to implementing the wheels of government as to regions remote / rural areas, improvement of infrastructure especially in districts away from the district capital, and no less importantly include improved aspects of community development
Hasratul Qadar
Authors: PEMBANGUNAN GOVERNANCE: JURNAL POLITIK LOKAL DAN
Published: September 2021

This study aims to examine the role of the Village Head of Pulo Brayan Bengkel, East Medan District, in increasing the participation of the community in the implementation of the UN. The method used in this research is concurrent mix method. The data collection techniques used in this study are questionnaires, in-depth interviews, observation, literature study, and documentation. Data analysis technique used in this research is concurrent triangulation that is quantitative and qualitative data is done simultaneously in one stage of research. The results showed that there are still people in Pulo Brayan Bengkel Village who have not fulfilled their duties as tax payers. This is evidenced by the realization of UN revenue that is still far from the target.
Adelia Risa P
Authors: PEMBANGUNAN GOVERNANCE: JURNAL POLITIK LOKAL DAN
Published: September 2021

The focus of the study was to identify and analyzed the policy implementation HIV testing and counseling program in Teladan health center in order to achieve the SDG’s target by using interactive issues of GeorgeCEdward III such as communication, resources, disposition, bereaucratic structure, that has a role in policy implemetation.These fourth issues was meaningful due to policy implemetation and designed by qualitative method through descriptive analysis and object was Medan Health Department, Teladan Health Center and Community Health Center In working area.The result showed that the implementation HIV testing and counseling program in Teladan Health Center for achieving the SDG’s target was qualify through not perfect yet.
Predicting Alzheimer's disease from Clinical Dementia Rating, Estimated total intracranial volume & Atlas Scaling Factor : Incorporating Ensemble approach into Automated Machine Learning
Authors: Haider Bangash Ali , Ullah Tauseef , Khan Inayat Ullah , Khan Haris , Fatima Arshiya , Zehra Saiqa
Published: September 2021

The current state-of-the-art for automated machine learning is adopted to predict Alzheimer's disease (AD) by adopting variables such as Mini Mental State Examination score, estimated total intracranial volume and Atlas Scaling Factor. A macro-weighted average Area under the Response-operating Curve of 0.96 is achieved with a close-to-perfect AD detection score after incorporating the ensemble approach. Such predictive models shall serve to optimize risk stratification and management protocols for this enfeebling ailment.
Streambed pollution: A comprehensive review of its sources, eco-hydro-geo-chemical impacts, assessment, and mitigation strategies
Authors: Mohanavelu Aadhityaa , Shrivastava Shivansh , Naganna Sujay Raghavendra
Published: September 2021

Streambeds are among the important components of stream ecosystems and support several critical ecosystem services such as transformation of organic matter and nutrients and provide habitat for aquatic organisms. Increasing anthropogenic influence introduces multiple stressors to the stream networks resulting in pollution of streambeds, which in turn, could have detrimental effects on overall stream ecosystem health. However, there are gaps in the current understanding of the impacts of streambed pollution and the mitigation strategies lack holistic approach. In this review, we first present a global inventory to highlight the status of streambed pollution around the globe. Next, we synthesize the state-of-art knowledge of conventional and emerging forms of contaminants, their overall impacts on stream ecosystem functions, and finally present future directions to comprehend the problem of streambed pollution. We highlight that fine sediments and plastics (found especially in urban streambeds) are among the major physical pollutants of streambed pollution and the chemical pollutants generally comprise of hydrophobic compounds including various legacy contaminants such as polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), a wide range of pesticides and a variety of heavy metals. Further, in recent years, highly polar and hydrophilic emerging contaminants such as micro-plastics, pharmaceutical waste and personal care products have been identified in rivers around the world. We stress that the impacts of streambed pollution have been largely studied with discipline-driven perspectives amongst which the ecological impacts have received a lot of attention in the past. To present a comprehensive outlook, this review also synthesizes the hydrological, geomorphological and biochemical impacts of different forms of streambed pollutants. In the end, we endorse the positive and negative aspects of the current impact assessment methodologies and also highlight various physical, chemical and biological remediation measures that could be applied to alleviate streambed pollution.
Real-Time Feedback on Air Quality in Children’s Bedrooms Increases Adherence to WHO Indoor Air Guidelines in the Homes of Smokers
Authors: Berardi Vincent
Published: September 2021

Introduction Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure induces health risks for nonsmokers and is especially detrimental for children. This study evaluated whether immediate feedback in response to poor indoor air quality in the bedrooms of children can reduce the potential for SHS exposure, as measured by adherence to a World Health Organization (WHO) indoor air standard. Methods During 2011-2016, households which contained children and an adult who regularly smoked inside (n=298) had an air particle monitor installed in the child’s bedroom. These devices measured the concentration of particulate matter (PM2.5) for approximately three months and, for half of the participants, immediately provided aversive feedback in response to elevated PM2.5. Hierarchical linear models were fit to the data to assess whether the intervention increased the probability that i.) a given day was adherent to the WHO standard for indoor air quality and ii.) a household established and maintained a smokefree home (SFH), operationalized as a string of 30 consecutive days adherent to the WHO standard. The intervention’s impact was calculated as group by-time effects. Results The likelihood that a child’s bedroom met the WHO indoor air quality standard on a given day increased such that the odds ratio (OR) of WHO adherence from baseline to post-baseline was 2.38 times larger for participants who received the intervention. Similarly, the baseline vs. post-baseline OR associated with achieving an SFH was 3.49 times larger for participants in the intervention group. Conclusion The real-time intervention was successful in driving clinically meaningful changes in smoking behavior that mitigated children’s risk of SHS exposure. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of targeting sensitive microenvironments by providing caregivers actionable information about children’s SHS risks. Future extensions should examine additional microenvironments and focus on identifying the the potential for SHS exposure before it occurs.
Structure of Pathological Personality Traits through the Lens of the CAT-PD Model
Authors: Ringwald Whitney R. , Emery Leah , Khoo Shereen , Clark Lee Anna , Kotelnikova Yuliya , Scalco Matthew D. , Watson David , Wright Aidan G.C. , Simms Leonard
Published: September 2021

Personality pathology is increasingly conceptualized within hierarchical, dimensional trait models. The Comprehensive Assessment of Traits Relevant to Personality Disorders (CAT-PD; Simms et al., 2011) is a pathological-trait measure with potential to improve on currently prevailing instruments because it has wider content coverage; however, its domain-level structure, which is of scientific and clinical interest, is not established. In this pre-registered study, we investigated the structure and construct validity of the CAT-PD’s domain level to facilitate wider use of the measure. We estimated five- and six-factor models with exploratory factor analysis in a pooled sample of 8 independent subsamples (N=3,987) and found that both models fit the data well; each had interpretable factors that were invariant across gender, sample type, and black/white racial groups; and the factors had good convergent validity with other measures of maladaptive traits, Big Five personality, and interpersonal problems. Our results support the validity of the CAT-PD for assessing multiple levels of the pathological trait hierarchy.
Social Support and HIV Prevention Behaviors among urban HIV- Negative Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men who Have Sex with Men
Authors: Skakoon-Sparling Shayna , Berlin Graham , Lachowsky Nathan , Moore David M. , Lambert Gilles , Cox Joseph , Grace Daniel , Apelian Herak , Sang Jordan , Hart Trevor A.
Published: September 2021

Objective: Supportive social relationships can have direct positive effects on health and miti-gate the negative impact of stressors. This study investigated the main effect of perceived social support on STI/HIV risk and prevention behaviors. The buffering effect of perceived social support on the impact of proximal minority stressors, like internalized homonegativity, was also examined on one risk behavior specifically, condomless anal sex (CAS) without HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use. Methods: HIV-negative gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBM) were recruited using respondent driven sampling from three major Canadian urban centers (n = 1,409). GBM completed measures of perceived social support, proximal minority stress, and engagement in STI/HIV risk and prevention behaviors. Results: Higher perceived social support was positively associated with a several health behaviors, in-cluding recent STI and HIV testing, discussing HIV status with prospective partners, the use of behavioral HIV-risk reduction strategies during sexual encounters, and a lower likelihood of en-gaging in CAS without PrEP. There was evidence of moderation as well. Among GBM with higher perceived social support, internalized homonegativity was no longer associated with in-creased odds of engaging in CAS without PrEP. Conclusions: The results of the current study advance social support theory to GBM in the context of biomedical prevention, showing both evidence of both direct associations and buffering effects on STI/HIV risk and prevention be-haviors. This highlights the importance of promoting social support seeking in interventions aimed at improving GBM health.
The new spring barley variety ‘Granik’
Authors: Iliin А. V. , Sharganova I. А. , Derevyagin S. S.
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the high-protein spring barley variety (Hordeum vulgare L.) ‘Granik’ in the conditions of the left bank of the Saratov region. The study was carried out on the basis of the Krasnokutsk breeding experimental station, located in the Saratov region, Krasnokutsk district, the village of Semennoy on chestnut soils (coordinates of the experimental plot is 50.914007, 47.068303). The years of 2013, 2014 and 2020 (from 8 years of studying the new variety in the competitive variety testing (CVT)) were average humid; the years of 2016 and 2017 were wet; the years of 2015, 2018 and 2019 were acutely arid. There was established a significant advantage of the new variety over the standard variety ‘Nutans 553’ according to productivity on 0.25 t/ha (+11.0%) on average; according to 1000-grain weight on 2.4 g (+6.0%); according to grain number per 1 m2 on 270 grains (5.0%). The variety ‘Granik’ was distinguished by a higher straw (69.3 cm, which was 4.0 cm higher than that of the standard variety), by better resistance to lodging and to dust brand. Under artificial inoculation with spores of the local population of dust brand, the greatest damage to the variety was 9.9%, while the standard variety was 23.1%. There were no significant differences between the varieties according to ‘length of vegetation period’ (70–74 days), nutritional and energy value. There has been found that both varieties were characterized by a high protein percentage (15.6–15.9%). Since 2019, the variety ‘Granik’ has been introduced into the List of the State Register of the Russian Federation for the 8th (Lower Volga) region. In 2020 the variety was tested in production conditions at the Arkadak agricultural experimental station on an area of 50 hectares, where it produced 3.30 t/ha against the background of the variety ‘Yak 401’, which produced 2.60 t/ha on the same area.
The experience of durum wheat cultivation in the conditions of Kalmykia
Authors: Goldvarg В. А. , Boktaev М. V. , Mudrova А. А.
Published: September 2021

In 2016–2020 in the Republic of Kalmykia the winter durum wheat area was sown by the variety ‘Kermen’ of joint development by the Kalmykia Research Agricultural Institute named after M.B. Narmaev, a branch of the “Pre-Kaspy Agricultural Federal Research Center RAS” (KRAI, a branch of the PkAFRC RAS) and the FSBSI “National Center of grain named after P.P. Lukyanenko”, and the variety ‘Kristella’ developed by the FSBSI Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”. The current paper has presented the study results of productivity and grain quality of the varieties ‘Kermen’ and ‘Kristella’ on the experimental plot of the KRAI, a branch of the PkAFRC RAS over the past five years. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the winter durum wheat varieties according to the traits of productivity and grain quality for giving recommendations and their further introduction into production. In the conditions of the experimental plot of the KRAI, a branch of the PkAFRC RAS, over five years the mean productivity of the variety ‘Kermen’ exceeded that of the variety ‘Kristella’ on 0.56 t/ha, or 14.2%. There should be noted that the variety ‘Kristella’ showed the maximum productivity (5.88 t/ha) in 2016, which was a reliable addition to the variety ‘Kermen’. The varieties ‘Kermen’ and ‘Kristella’ have formed grain with a sufficiently high percentage of protein and gluten, which according to GOST 9353-2016, meets the requirements of the 1st and 3rd class for winter durum wheat. There were identified higher quality indicators in the variety ‘Kristella’.
Estimation of productivity of the new peas lines and determination of their adaptability parameters
Authors: Ashiev А. R. , Khabibullin К. N. , Chegunova А. V. , Skulova М. В.
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the current study was to consider and identify promising peas lines with high grain productivity and determine their adaptability parameters. The field study was carried out at the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”, located in the southern part of the Rostov region during the 4-year competitive variety testing (2017–2020). The objects of the study were 19 breeding lines developed by the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”. All lines were of a leafless type. The standard variety was the variety ‘Aksaysky usaty 5’. The lines ‘G-1002’ (2.60 t/ha), ‘G-1003’ (2.81 t/ha), ‘G-1005’ (2.58 t/ha), ‘G-1007’ (2.56 t/ha), ‘G-1014’ (2.63 t / ha) and ‘B-3790/30-3’ (2.54 t/ha) showed a significant excess over the standard variety. The mean productivity in the competitive variety testing of 2017–2020 was 2.41 t/ha. The maximum productivity difference among the years was 1.63 t/ha, or 89% of the mean productivity. This indicates a high contrast of the cultivation conditions over the years. There have been identified the adaptability parameters of the pea lines (stress resistance, genetic flexibility, homeostaticity and breeding value), which exceeded grain productivity of the standard variety. The lines ‘G-1014’ (5.31), ‘G-1007’ (6.12), and ‘B-3790/30-3’ (6.47) showed the highest homeostaticity. The productivity of these lines was more even over the years and it is preferable to cultivate them in contrasting conditions (zones of risky farming, low agricultural background). The lines ‘G-1002’ (4.19), ‘G-1005’ (4.53) were a bit inferior to them. The line ‘G-1003’ had the lowest level of homeostaticity (3.98). The lines ‘G-1014’ (1.49), ‘G-1007’ (1.47), ‘B-3790/30-3’ (1.44) were characterized with the greatest indicator of breeding value. According to the results of the competitive variety testing in 2017–2019, in 2019 the line ‘G-1003’ with the highest grain productivity, was sent to the State Variety Testing under the name ‘Zernogradsky usaty’ in the North Caucasian (6) region. According to the estimation results of the adaptive properties, the variety is responsive to the improvement of cultivation conditions and has been recommended for cultivation in intensive technology.
Ergot development on low-pentosan diploid winter rye
Authors: Kobylyansky V. D. , Solodukhina О. V.
Published: September 2021

Ergot (Claviceps purpurea (Fr) Tul.) is a widespread rye disease. A strong development of the disease can reduce up to 60% of grain productivity and its quality. In the rye gene pool, there was found no samples with complete resis[1]tance to Cl. purpurea. Since 2016, six new winter rye varieties with a low content of water-soluble pentosans in grain have been approved for cultivation in Russia. It has been noticed that low-pentosan varieties are less affected by ergot. The harmful effect of the disease largely depends on the sclerotia parameters. The purpose of the current study was to characterize the development of ergot on the high-pentosan winter rye variety ‘Era’ and its low-pentosan analogue ‘Novaya Era’. There was estimated the infestation of the varieties, the size and weight of the formed sclerotia. It was found that with the same infection level, the infestation of the variety ‘Era’ was 48.5%, and that of the variety ‘Novaya Era’ was 18.1%. On the heads of high-pentosan rye there were formed full-fledged sclerotia with 15.97–23.55 mm in length and 2.68–3.83 mm in width. On the heads of low-pentosan rye ‘Novaya Era’ the fungus formed underdeveloped sclerotia, the mass of which was 4-8 times less than on the variety ‘Era’. The small size and weight of the horns facilitated their removal from the crop during threshing, and reduced rye grain infection with ergot. The frequency of low-pentosan plants occurring in the varietal population affects the infection rate of rye. The frequency of low-pentosan plants in the variety ‘Era’ is 43%, and in the variety ‘Novaya Era’ is 95%. The development of rye varieties characterized by a low content of water-soluble pentosans in grain is connected with breeding for resistance to Cl. purpurea.
The effect of mineral fertilizers on productivity of the new spring barley variety ‘Znatny’ in the non-blackearth part of the Russian Federation
Authors: Levakova О. V. , Gladysheva O. V.
Published: September 2021

An increase in spring barley acreage requires a detailed study of the interaction of agronomic and climatic factors, as well as the selection of a modern set of new varieties. The use of mineral fertilizers is one of the most important methods to improve the productivity of grain crops and maintain a deficit-free balance of mineral nutrients in arable soils. The current study of the effective use of various doses of mineral fertilizers (NPK) on the new spring barley variety ‘Znatny’ was carried out on dark-gray forest heavy loamy soil in 2018–2020 by the Institute of Seed production and Agrotechnologies, a branch of the Federal Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Research Agro-Engineering Center VIM”. There has been established that the date of the phenological phases and the length of interphase periods did not depend on fertilizer rates, but had a close correlation with weather conditions (r = +0.68). The analysis of the obtained data has shown that an increase in the rates of applied fertilizers increases the aboveground biomass, which, in turn, negatively affects productivity of the barley variety ‘Znatny’ (r = -0.77). The analysis of the yield structure and rates of fertilizers NPK has shown that in the trial, the spring barley productivity was influenced by 1000-grain weight (r = +0.60). There was found a high inverse correlation between productivity and length of head (r = -0.85). When length of head ranged from 7.5 to 8.4 cm, grain weight per head remained practically at the same level in all variants (1.1–1.2). This indicated that at a rate of N90P90K90 and N120P120K120, the variety ‘Znatny’ formed a not very dense head. Protein percentage at these rates also greatly reduced. According to the obtained data, an increase in the doses of applied fertilizers (N90Р90К90–N120Р120К120) resulted in the intensified development of most leaf diseases and a decrease in lodging resistance. Thus, the optimal dose of application of azophoska fertilizer on dark-gray forest soil is the norm N45P45K45, since on this option there was obtained maximum productivity and net income. the increase in the recom[1]mended norms of mineral fertilizers, sharply reduces profitability of crop cultivation.
“We’re Not Where We Should Be”: Enhancing Law Enforcement Responses to Hate Crime
Authors: Perry Barbara , Samuels-Wortley Kanika
Published: September 2021

In an era when reported hate crimes are increasing dramatically, it is troubling that there appears to be, at best, an uneven response to the problem from law enforcement in Canada. Our pilot study of policing hate crime in Ontario is the first attempt to understand whether and how law enforcement think about and act on hate crime. Interviews with officers in eight police forces across eastern and southern Ontario ( N = 38) uncovered three clusters of factors that appear to shape how they manage hate crime: environmental, organizational, and individual. What we offer in this paper is a series of related recommendations for enhancing police responses to hate crime along each of the three dimensions.
Écrire et se traduire: le bilinguisme dans La Maculée/sTain et l’autotraduction chez Madeleine Blais-Dahlem
Authors: Sullivan Maryse
Published: September 2021

Dans cet article, Sullivan se penche sur la pratique autotraductive de l’écrivaine francophone Madeleine Blais-Dahlem, originaire du petit village de Delmas en Saskatchewan. Quoique sa langue maternelle soit le français, la Fransaskoise s’identifie davantage comme écrivaine bilingue puisqu’elle rédige ses œuvres en français et en anglais, se livrant à l’autotraduction. Le bilinguisme est une nécessité pour toute personne d’origine fransaskoise puisque sa langue maternelle est trop marginalisée et imperceptible pour qu’il ou elle demeure unilingue, une réalité dont l’auteure tient compte dans ses écrits. La situation linguistique influence ses créations puisqu’elle rédige ses œuvres de façon bilingue et puisqu’elle s’autotraduit afin de cibler différents publics. En observant premièrement les éléments contextuels qui entourent la rédaction de sa pièce La Maculée/sTain (2012) et deuxièmement les éléments textuels qui construisent un bilinguisme dans la pièce et dans le recueil, Sullivan met en lumière la façon dont l’autotraduction occupe une place importante dans l’œuvre de Blais-Dahlem et la façon dont cette pratique permet à l’auteure de surmonter les difficultés liées à l’écriture en contexte minoritaire.
The Alt Stage and the Po-mo Page: Canadian Spaces for an Anglo-Portuguese Dramaturgy
Authors: Jordão Aida
Published: September 2021

In this article, Jordão documents the 1991 staging and 2013 publication of her bilingual play Funeral in White. Examining the performance and literary texts, she considers why and how Portuguese and English are used in the play: the conditions that create a space for bilingual theatre and drama in Toronto, the disciplinary requirements of employing two languages on stage and page, and the formal alterations enacted when transitioning from one medium to another. The linguistic dramaturgy of such a project raises several questions. What linguistic conventions will make a Portuguese-English play performable for a cast of English-Canadian actors from a diversity of backgrounds—some who speak Portuguese, others Italian and/or French, and some only English? How will the play be comprehensible to spectators that may be monolingual in English or Portuguese? And, upon publication, will it be accessible to readers who may not master both languages but may have a basic knowledge of Romance languages other than Portugese? Jordão adopts an auto-ethnographic perspective based on her practice to document the playwriting, production, and publication of Funeral in White, and to argue that the sociocultural diversity of theatre makers and spectators is vital to the creation of bilingual theatre.
Indigenous Languages on Stage: A Roundtable Conversation with Five Indigenous Theatre Artists
Authors: Smith Annie
Published: September 2021

Underneath the official languages of Canada and the languages brought here by numerous diasporas are the Indigenous languages of this land. These languages have been suppressed through legal assimilation measures, residential schools, and the social devaluing of Indigenous cultures and world views. Many languages and dialects are on the brink of extinction and yet Indigenous playwrights and artists are choosing to speak their languages on stage as an act of reclamation and resistance to assimilation into the colonial structures of western theatre and performance. Canada is at its root, an Indigenous country, made up of treaties and unceded territories. Many of our place names are Indigenous, including the name of our country.
Correlations of teleradiographic parameters of teeth location determined by the methods of Bjork, Jarabak and Sassouni with the parameters of the upper and lower jaws in young men and young women with orthognathic occlusion
Authors: Vakhovskyi V. V.
Published: September 2021

Annotation. Determining the characteristics of certain indicators within a certain population, the relationship between certain anatomical structures and parameters of the human body is one of the key tasks of clinical anthropology. Identifying the nature, strength and direction of the interdependencies of such indicators is a key element not only for understanding human nature but also for solving clinical, including dental problems today. The aim of the study was to establish in Ukrainian young men and young women with orthognathic occlusion the peculiarities of correlations of teleradiographic parameters of tooth location determined by Bjork, Jarabak and Sassouni methods with parameters of upper and lower jaws and tooth location. Teleradiography in the mode of cephalometric examination was performed for 49 young men and 76 young women with orthognathic occlusion. Cephalometric analysis was performed using OnyxCeph³™ software, 3DPro version, Image Instruments GmbH, Germany (software license URSQ-1799). Correlation assessment was performed in the license package “Statistica 6.0” using the non-parametric Spearman method. In young men and young women, the features of multiple correlations of teleradiographic parameters of the upper and lower jaws with the parameters of the location of the teeth determined by the methods of CFT-Bjork, Roth-Jarabak and Sassouni. As a result of quantitative analysis of significant correlations between teleradiographic parameters of the upper and lower jaws with the parameters of the location of the teeth found: CFT-Bjork in young men 46.9 %, of which 5.4 % straight strong, 18.5 % straight medium and 2.3 % straight weak and 2.3 % reversible strong, 16.2 % reversible medium strength and 2.3 % reverse weak, and young women – 38.5 %, of which, 2.3 % direct strong, 15.4 % direct medium strength and 6.2 % direct weak and 0.8 % reverse strong, 7.7 % reverse medium strength and 6.2 % of reversible weak; according to the Roth-Jarabak method, 36.2 % of young men, 6.6 % of direct strong, 11.8 % of direct medium strength and 2.6 % of direct weak and 2.6 % of reverse strong, 11.8 % of reverse of medium strength and 0.7 % of reverse weak, and young women – 44.7 %, of which, 3.9 % direct strong, 15.1 % direct medium strength and 7.2 % direct weak and 0.7 % reverse strong, 8.6 % reverse medium strength and 9.2 % reverse weak; according to the Sassouni method, 42.8 % of young men have all medium-strength, and 42.8 % of young women have, of which 35.7 % have medium-strength and 7.1 % have weak straight. Manifestations of sexual dimorphism of the received correlations are established only between the indicators defined by CFT-Bjork and Roth-Jarabak methods.
Markers of vascular lesions in patients with myocardial infarction with stable elevation of the ST segment on the background of multivascular coronary artery disease
Authors: Uzun D. Yu. , Uzun K. S. , Ilchenko S. O.
Published: September 2021

Annotation. Markers of vascular damage constitute highly informative substances in coronary heart disease, which allows not only assessing the state of endothelial function of the arteries, but also to predict the further course of cardiovascular pathology. The purpose of the study was to analyse changes in laboratory markers of vascular lesions under the influence of different tactical, diagnostic, and interventional approaches in patients with myocardial infarction with stable elevation of the ST segment in the presence of multivascular lesions. The study included patients who were randomly divided into 4 observation groups depending on the diagnostic and treatment tactics. The obtained results were compared with similar ones in healthy people. Studies of markers of vascular endothelial function were performed on the 1st day of infarction, on day 3-4, and a year later. Statistical data processing was performed using a package of licensed software for statistical analysis “Statistica 6.0”. An odd Student’s t test (t) was used to compare quantitative parameters between independent samples, and a χ2 criterion was used for qualitative samples at a significance level of p<0.05. It turned out that patients develop a complex dysfunction of the vascular endothelium towards a substantial predominance of the concentration of thrombogenic and vasospastic substances (endothelin-1 and thromboxane A2). In the period from 3 to 4 weeks after the infarction, a partial decrease in vasospastic and thrombogenic substances was observed against the background of an increase in nitric oxide. Meanwhile, in different groups with various diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, such changes had different intensity and dynamics. The degree of balance of endothelial dysfunction depends on the time since the development of myocardial infarction and the type of diagnostic and treatment tactics. The most significant suppression of vascular function occurred with the use of regular methods (group 4), and the maximum recovery – with the use of delayed stenting after an additional study of coronary vessels. But even with the most optimal approaches, endothelial dysfunction could not be completely corrected. It is possible that for better results it is advisable to monitor the results of treatment over a longer period of time, when on the one hand the scar tissue has finally formed, and on the other hand, the pharmacological effects of antiplatelet agents and statins will be fully involved.
Assessment of the Clarity of Bank of Russia Monetary Policy Communication by Neural Network Approach
Authors:   Bank of Russia, Evstigneeva Alina , Sidorovskiy Mark ,   Bank of Russia
Published: September 2021

Inflation targeting requires clear and transparent central bank’s communication. Analysts and market participants understand it as a broad list of information disclosed by the central bank. The general public understands it rather as the ability of a central bank to speak and explain its decisions in a plain language. In recent decades, monetary authorities in many countries have made significant progress in this direction. However, there has been no research on the quality of communication for the Bank of Russia. This paper aims to create a tool for automated evaluation of the readability of the Bank of Russia’s monetary policy communication, taking into account the available experience of linguistic and textual analysis, including machine learning methods, as well as to provide recommendations for its improvement. This can contribute to improving the effectiveness of the Bank of Russia communication on monetary policy, which is vital for its credibility, anchoring inflation expectations, and predictability of the regulator’s decisions.
Nowcasting Growth Rates of Russia’s Export and Import by Commodity Group
Authors:   RANEPA, Mayorova Ksenia , Nikita Nikita ,   RANEPA
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we apply a set of machine learning and econometrics models, namely: Elastic Net, Random Forest, XGBoost, and SSVS to nowcasting (estimate for the current period) the dollar volumes of Russian exports and imports by a commodity group. We use lags in the volumes of export and import commodity groups, and exchange prices for some goods and other variables, due to which the curse of dimensionality becomes quite acute. The models we use have proven themselves well in forecasting in the presence of the curse of dimensionality, when the number of model parameters exceeds the number of observations. The best-performing model appears to be the weighted machine learning model, which outperforms the ARIMA benchmark model in nowcasting the volume of both exports and imports. According to the Diebold– Mariano test, in the case of the largest commodity groups our model often manages to obtain significantly more accurate nowcasts relative to the ARIMA model. The resulting estimates turn out to be quite close to the Bank of Russia’s historical forecasts built under comparable conditions.
Probability of Default Model to Estimate Ex Ante Credit Risk
Authors:   Bank of Russia, Burova Anna , Penikas Henry ,   Bank of Russia,   Higher School of Economics,   Lebedev Physics Institute, Popova Svetlana ,   Bank of Russia
Published: September 2021

A genuine measure of ex ante credit risk links borrower’s financial position with the odds of default. Comprehension of a borrower’s financial position is proxied by the derivatives of its filled financial statements, i.e., financial ratios. We identify statistically significant relationships between shortlisted financial ratios and subsequent default events and develop a probability of default (PD) model that assesses the likelihood of a borrower going into delinquency at a one-year horizon. We compare the PD model constructed against alternative measures of ex ante credit risk that are widely used in related literature on bank risk taking, i.e., credit quality groups (prudential reserve ratios) assigned to creditors by banks and the credit spreads in interest rates. We find that the PD model predicts default events more accurately at a horizon of one year compared to prudential reserve rates. We conclude that the measure of ex ante credit risk developed is feasible for estimating risk-taking behaviour by banks and analysing shifts in portfolio composition.
New data on Ceratopogonidae from lake shore habitats in NW Russia (Diptera)
Authors: Przhiboro A.A.
Published: September 2021

New records are given for 13 species of Ceratopogonidae belonging to the genera Clinohelea, Mallochohelea, Palpomyia, Bezzia, Alluaudomyia, and Dasyhelea. Palpomyia spinipes (Mg.) and P. terrea (Mg.) are recorded for the first time from Russia, Mallochohelea inermis (Kieffer) and Alluaudomyia mynistensis Remm, from Northern Europe, Bezzia fascispinosa Clastrier and Dasyhelea spiralis Remm, from NW Russia. Ecological information on larval habitats is provided for all the species; all these are shown to develop within the shore zone of lakes.
ENTERPRISES INVESTMENT ACTIVITY: SOURCES OF RECOVERY
Authors: Nataliia GULIAIEVA , Iryna VAVDIICHYK
Published: September 2021

Background. The article examines the essence and main factors influencing the investment activity of economic entities, identifies the main means of stimulating it. The directions of attracting investments by the sectors of Ukraine’s economy are considered. The main transformation vectors of the state mechanism of investment processes mana­gement in Ukraine are singled out. The aim of the article is to determine the prerequisites and reserves for increasing investment activity of economic entities of Ukraine, its means in a multi-vector environment based on the study of the state, recovery sources in modern conditions of the investment process analysis of state initiatives to change the paradigm of the influence mechanism on the formation of a new phase of the investment cycle. Materials and methods. General scientific methods such as methods of logical generalization, abstraction and formalization, synthesis and analysis, induction, analogies, etc., were used in this paper. Results. Ukraine does not have a stable system of motivation and stimulation of investment supply, which does not completely launch the national investment market, and in the presence of a high demand level for them, the investment mechanism has not been developed and even has braking nature. Analysts consider that the statistical reflection system of economic processes needs radically restructuring, which significantly affects the quality of their diagnosis, development of forecasts, investment proposals, and justification of the parameters of their implementation. The attracting policy of foreign investment at least at the level of foreign direct investment is not systematic. The investment climate is improving in Ukraine, so it is necessary to revise the list of business profiles of the enter­prises that may receive state support for their investment initiatives. Conclusion. The systematic reform of state mechanisms for managing investment processes is based on the formation of investment behavior of all participants according to modern world models, their activation in new coordinates of sources of investment needs, and tools to meet it. It is necessary prerequisite for increasing investment activity of eco­nomic entities in Ukraine. According to the latest publications of government developments over a long period, a new paradigm of managing country economic development is beingformed in Ukraine, where the introduction of investment activity of all participants is given a fundamental role. Keywords: investment activity, investment resources, investment cycle, business climate, competitive advantages.
E-LEARNING DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A PRACTICAL ASPECT
Authors: Natalia PRYTULSKA , Tetiana BOZHKO , Serhii KAMINSKYI
Published: September 2021

The proposed article considers the relevance and feasibility of the transition of higher education institutions to e-learning during the COVID-19 pandemic, outlines the features and problems that arise in e-learning. Keywords: е-learning, online educational platform, synchronous learning, asyn­chronous learning.