bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical Terrain Modelling for Wireless Underground Sensor Networks
Authors: Parameswaran Vinod , Zhang Zhongwei , Zhou Hong
Published: February 2020

Underground terrain poses a highly intricate and challenging environment to the propagation of waves carrying information from sensor to the sink nodes. Due to the complexity and level of detail, it is often difficult to realistically model such an environment for conducting tests. However, using numerical methods, the environment characteristics could be translated to a compatible framework, for testing complex networking models such as Wireless Underground Sensor Network (WUSN). Such transformation should lend the necessary clarity and simplicity required for effective problem analysis. In this paper, we demonstrate this possibility using the typical underground terrain environment for nut tree plantations, basing the field data on a full-fledged commercial pecan farm. The results shown are introductory to ongoing research on the effective use of such numerical methods for maximum power efficiency and bit rate for distributed WUSN, and optimum water usage in irrigation control. This paper forms a sequel to previous related research publications.
Thickness Measurement of Aluminum Thin Film using Dispersion Characteristic of Surface Acoustic Wave
Authors: Park Ik Keun , Park Tae Sung
Published: February 2020

In this study, we suggest a method to measure the thickness of thin films nondestructively using the dispersion characteristics of a surface acoustic wave propagating along the thin film surface. To measure the thickness of thin films, we deposited thin films with different thicknesses with range of 200~1000 nm on a Si(100) wafer by controlling the deposition time by DC sputtering technique. The thickness of the thin films was measured using a scanning electron microscope. Subsequently, the surface wave velocity of the thin films with different thickness was measured using V(z) curve method of scanning acoustic microscopy. The correlation between the measured thickness and surface acoustic wave velocity was verified. The wave velocity of the film decreased as the film thickness increased. Consequently, film thickness can be determined by measuring the dispersion characteristics of the surface acoustic wave velocity.
What happens at the aroma of coffee beans after roasting?
Authors: Sberveglieri Veronica , Pulvirenti Andrea , Comini Elisabetta , Carmona Estefania Nunez
Published: February 2020

The coffee aroma is one of the most important quality evaluation criteria employed for coffee commercialization and consumption.

The purpose of this study was following the roasting process VOCs creations with the novel Electronic Nose equipped whit 2 of 6 MOX nanowire sensors.

The nanowires exhibit exceptional crystalline quality and a very high length-to-width ratio, resulting in enhanced sensing capability as well as long-term material stability for prolonged operation.

Four different methods of roasting, made by ROSTAMATIC (Table 1) machine, were applied to gain a clearer picture of the differences in roasted coffee aromas by means of a volatile compound analysis. Different methods applied on four different origins of green coffee (India, Indonesia, Honduras, Santos and Nicaragua).

The commercial coffees products are made from a blending from minimum five different kinds of coffee and the consumers have developed an addiction/expectation to a specific flavor and taste. Different methods of roasting process will provide the coffee different aroma that will add flexibility to those one that already posses the matrix due to different origins.

This work tests and illustrates the broad spectrum of potential uses of the EN technique in food quality control.
A design of PID controllers using FRIT-PSO
Authors: Azuma Takehito , Watanabe Sohei
Published: February 2020

This paper proposes the Fictitious Reference Iterative Tuning-Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO-FRIT) method to design PID controllers for control systems. The proposed method is an offline PID parameter tuning method and it is not necessary to derive any mathematical models of objected control systems. The proposed method is demonstrated by comparing with the FRIT method in numerical examples.
Laser Profilometry Aiding Smart Vehicle Control
Authors: Patruno Cosimo , Marani Roberto , Nitti Massimiliano , D’Orazio Tiziana , Stella Ettore
Published: February 2020

In this paper a fast method based on laser triangulation for the estimation of the pose of a mobile robot is presented. The system is made of a camera and a laser source, placed on the front side of a robot, the Smoov ASRV, which is an autonomous vehicle able to carry, store and retrieve pallets in a smart warehouse constituted by metallic shelves. Therefore, the movements of the robot are constrained into allowed paths made of rails, arranged with several apertures that allow the robot change of direction. The processing of the acquired images is directly done on board by means of a low-cost single-board computer, namely the Raspberry Pi. This last is able to extract the information about the distance and the heading of the robot with respect to the rail boundary by analyzing the laser line lying in the camera plane; then, the extracted information expressed in the 3D reference system are sent via User Datagram Protocol to the control system of the vehicle. Results show how the information given by the proposed vision system are provided in a more efficient way with respect to the inductive sensors and the classic odometry, which fail when the robot crosses the structural rail apertures or its wheels suffer from unavoidable slippage.
Particle characterization system for industrial and naval applications
Authors: Ebert Eric , Domke Kay , Kröger Willfried , Damaschke Nils Andreas
Published: February 2020

The Interferometric Particle Imaging (IPI) technique was modified and adapted to provide particle size and particle concentration measurements in harsh environments. The development was forced by the challenge of nuclei concentration measurement in cavitation tunnels and full scale measurements in the wake flow of a vessel. Because only bubbles act as cavitation nuclei, discrimination between bubbles and other solid particles in the multi-phase flow is necessary. The size measurement and classification and can be realized by defocussed imaging and analysis of the scattered light from particles. A few measurement results demonstrate the feasibility of the new developed Nuclei Concentration Measurement (HDNC) technique and there advantages in terms of robustness, moderate hardware effort and reduced measurement time.
Development of a Focal Point Positioning System for Laser Sensing Instruments using Galvano Mirrors and Tunable Lens
Authors: Ikezawa Satoshi , Ueda Toshitsugu
Published: February 2020

We developed a focal positioning system for laser sensing instruments. The positioning system consists of x- and y-axis galvano mirrors and a high-speed response tunable lens. It allows for quick adjustment of the measuring position with high resolution and repeatability afforded by the galvano mirrors, which enable the plotting of 10,000 focal points per second, and the tunable lens, which allows adjustment of the focal length within 2.5 ms (10%–90% step). For laser measurements, the location information of the laser spot on the sample is the key parameter to determine the quantitative difference in chemical compositions at different locations. Furthermore, if the sample changes location systematically with some temporal variation, quick correction before changing the default position is required to prevent missing the target. The laser spot positioning system we present here can play an important role in obtaining multi-plot measurements for complicated surface topologies and dynamic micro-samples.
Dual Slope Direct Digital Converter for Bridge Connected Resistive Sensors
Authors: N Ponnalagu R. , George Boby , V Jagadeesh Kumar
Published: February 2020

A dual slope direct digital converter (DSDDC) suitable for resistive sensor elements already connected in a bridge form is presented. A conventional dual slope analog to digital converter (DS-ADC) is altered with an intentionally introduced instrumentation amplifier (INA) to realize the proposed DDC. The DSDDC accepts bridge connected resistive sensor elements as input and provides a digital output that is proportional to the quantity being sensed by the sensor elements. The results obtained from simulation of the proposed DSDDC indicate a worst case error in the output to be < ±0.03 %. Experimental results from a prototype unit, presented herein, demonstrate the practicality the scheme. Worst case error of the prototype unit was found to be < ±0.07 % with test conducted using standard decade resistance boxes emulating the sensor elements. The worst case error in the prototype was < ±0.05 % when tested with a load-cell made of four strain gauges.
A multi-wavelength discriminating sensor with a wireless mote interface for aquatic pollution monitoring
Authors: O’Connell Eoin , O’Keeffe Sinead , Newe Thomas , Lewis Elfed , Meere Damien
Published: February 2020

The system presented in this paper demonstrates how a novel fibre optic based sensing platform, capable of detecting minute changes in the level of impurity in a liquid, can be incorporated onto a Mote based platform enabling real time monitoring of a body of water. How these features can be used to detect a representative sample of chlorophyll within a aquatic environment, will be demonstrated. Systems currently deployed worldwide include satellite mapping technology and high cost water monitoring platforms. Growing international emphasis on the management of water quality is giving rise to an expansion of the international market for novel robust, miniaturized, intelligent water monitoring systems capable of measuring local environmentally detrimental events such as localised small scale chemical pollution.
In Situ Monitoring of Temperature Rise in Friction Surface Using Ultrasonic Technique
Authors: Ihara I. , Aoki S.
Published: February 2020

In this work, the feasibility of the use of ultrasonic thermometry for in situ monitoring of temperature rise in friction surface has been examined. The ultrasonic thermometry that is a method providing internal temperature measurements by ultrasound is applied to temperature measurements of a friction surface at which temperature rise occurs due to friction, and an attempt is made to demonstrate in situ monitoring of transient variations in the friction surface temperature and temperature distribution beneath the surface. Those temperatures near the friction surface are quantitatively determined by an effective method consisting of ultrasonic pulseecho measurements and a finite difference calculation for estimating a one-dimensional temperature distribution along the direction of ultrasound propagation. The advantage of the method is that no boundary condition at the friction surface is needed. To demonstrate the practical feasibility of the method, the ultrasonic pulse echo measurements at 5 MHz are performed for a steel plate of 30 mm thickness whose single side is being rubbed with a felted fabric plate. The temperature at the friction surface and internal temperature distribution of the steel plate are measured during the rubbing process and the transient variations of the measured temperatures are obtained. Quick temperature rise of approximately 30 K at the friction surface is observed within a few seconds after the rubbing starts. It is noted that the temperatures measured by the ultrasonic method almost agree with those measured using thermocouples inserted into the steel plate. Thus, it has been demonstrated that the ultrasonic thermometry is a promising sensing means for in situ monitoring of temperatures at friction surface as well as beneath the surface.
Physiological bending sensor based on tilt angle loss measurement using dual optical fibre
Authors: Zawawi M. A. , O’Keeffe S. , Lewis E.
Published: February 2020

This paper presents the development of an extrinsic optical fibre sensor for continuous measurement of the human spine bending movement based on intensity modulation technique. Using the investigated sensor configuration, the bending angle was measurable in both flexion and extension direction with a maximum range of motion of 18° and -10°, respectively. From the output drift assessment of the sensor, bending accuracy of up to 0.5° was achievable, thus making it suitable for clinical environment application. A divided-beam referencing technique was also implemented in the sensor configuration to compensate for the input power fluctuation and temperature variation.
Thermopile power measurement for heat balance calorimetry
Authors: Johnston Callum M. , Ruddy Bryan P. , Nielsen Poul M. F. , Taberner Andrew J.
Published: February 2020

Very high resolution power sensors are required for measuring the rate of heat production (~10 μW) of small samples of heart muscle (rat cardiac trabeculae, ~2 mm long and ~200 μm diameter). In this paper, we examine the design criteria for thermopiles to maximize their signal-to-noise ratio for heat balance calorimetry. We found that those thermopiles with a high thermoelectric figure-of-merit (ZT) are the best for power measurements. An initial prototype with a resolution of 53 nW has been built.
Inspection of Solid Dosage Forms using THz Imaging Spectroscopy
Authors: Arnold T. , De Biasio M. , Fritz A. , Leitner R.
Published: February 2020

The present work describes a laboratory terahertz (THz) imaging spectroscopy system and its possibilities to inspect solid dosage forms in the form of coated tablets and capsules. Moreover, the chemical composition and layer structure of coated pharmaceutical tablets are investigated. These chemical and physical properties of solid dosage forms can be used for the detection of counterfeit drugs. Preliminary results show that THz time domain spectroscopy and imaging is a promising technology for contactless control and analysis of pharmaceutical drug materials and final dosage forms.
Automated Traffic Analysis in Aerial Images
Authors: Hößler Tom , Landgraf Tom
Published: February 2020

In this work an automated traffic analysis in aerial image sequences recorded by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has been developed, which provides the trajectories of the vehicles especially during overtaking. Methods of photogrammetry and image processing are used to detect the vehicles and to determine and track their positions. Camera calibration is necessary in order to transform image coordinates into world coordinates.
Detection of P300 brain waves using a Magneto- Impedance sensor
Authors: Wang K. , Tajima S. , Asano Y. , Okuda Y. , Hamada N. , Cai C. , Uchiyama T.
Published: February 2020

We have previously reported a study on brain activity detection in occipital region using a picotesla-scale Magneto- Impedance (MI) sensor. Based on past studies, the target of the present study was to review the performance of MI sensor on parietal region brain activity detection. Human brain magnetic field is extremely weak, in order to detect the faint magnetic field, we constructed an MI measurement system that can cancel out the background noise (e.g., geomagnetic field) instead of using a magnetic shielding. In this study, we recorded P300 brain waves of subjects, compared our results with our past studies and other EEG and MEG data reported previously. The results confirmed the reliability of our data and indicated that the MI sensor can be applied on brain activity detection.
Optimisation of solar power intake for wireless sensor networks at temperate latitudes
Authors: Stevenson-Jones Ralph , Benyezzar Med , Scully Patricia
Published: February 2020

In many outdoor locations solar power provides the greatest power densities for energy harvesting to power wireless sensor networks in comparison to other practical alternative such as wind, vibrations or temperature gradients. Since solar power is highly variable with location and time, it is necessary to optimise the sensor nodes for individual locations. Presented here, is an assessment of the solar power availability in Manchester, UK (53°28′N, 2°14′W). Wireless sensor nodes are typically low power devices with intended perpetual operation and thus the temporal distribution of available power is important together with the total amount of energy drawn over a given time period. Here we examine direct and diffuse solar radiation data over a period of three years and present methods for the deployment of solar cells for sensor nodes to optimise sensing and communication scenarios. As local weather conditions are highly variable and stochastic in the medium term, we base the future node performance on the weather from a previous year. From analysis of the weather data, the hardware requirements for the sensor node are then made from the power consumption of the sensor node for sensing, sleep and data transmission. It was found that to maximise the time over which the solar irradiance exceeds that required to power our demonstration sensor node, the solar cell should be positioned horizontally.
Feasibility Evaluation on an Instant Invader Detection System with Ultrasonic Sensors Scattered on the Ground
Authors: Iokibe Ami , Hashimoto Masanori , Onoye Takao
Published: February 2020

Increasing interest in security demands privacy- aware security systems, which do not use camera, especially for personal home security. As a candidate for this purpose, this paper presents an instant invader detection system that finds an invader by using small sensor nodes distributed on the ground. Once a sensor node detects a suspicious phenomenon, this information is wirelessly transmitted to the base in the house. This paper, as a first step, evaluates the feasibility of the proposed system in terms of invader detection accuracy and system lifetime. We firstly investigate what sensor can be used and how the sensor should be used for the human detection. Then, for evaluating the proportion of invader detection and necessary energy for sensor nodes, we perform simulations that are based on the measured characteristics of ultrasonic sensors placed on the ground. Experimental results show that the proposed system can attain 99% invader detection while the sensor nodes can survive with a button cell for four years. In addition, this performance can be obtained even with the sensors randomly scattered on the ground, which could contribute to the instant installation of the proposed system.
Palladium Nanotubes for Optical Hydrogen Sensing: The Fabrication and Characterisation of Arrays of Nanostructures
Authors: McAuley M. B. , Murphy A. , Pollard R.
Published: February 2020

Arrays of freestanding upright palladium nanotubes have been fabricated using a bottom-up method of electrodepositing into anodised alumina pores. Optical transmission measurements carried out with a range of post- fabrication treatment methods suggest that hydrogen diffuses into both the inner and outer surface areas of the tube structure. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy of the same sample before and after cycling hydrogen exposure show that the structures appear undamaged by the repeated lattice expansion.
Study of the sensitivity and stability of a landslide sensor based on magnetic amorphous wires
Authors: Zet Cristian , Foşalău Cristian , Petrişor Daniel
Published: February 2020

The paper presents a study on the measurement stability of a landslide sensor based on four magnetic amorphous wire strain gauges used in an Wheatstone bridge configuration. The sensor is aimed for in-situ monitoring using a distributed sensor network. The experiment has been performed in the lab using a test stand, while a time step progressive deformation has been applied to the sensor. Results show a good stability of the measurement and a variable sensitivity with respect to the bending point.
Condition Monitoring and Diagnosis of Steam Traps with Wireless Smart Sensors
Authors: Faria Joana R. C. , Semedo Sónia M. V. , Cardoso Francisco J. A. , Oliveira José
Published: February 2020

An autonomous, wireless and self-powered smart sensor is described, addressing the condition monitoring and diagnosis of steam traps, whose performance degradation impairs energy efficiency in most of the process industries. The diagnostic criteria in the two possible failure modes of steam traps are presented, as well as the structure and technologies of the embedded devices for sensing, communication, and power supply, special attention being paid to the capability to run the system on the thermoelectric energy gathered from local pipes. Also, a platform supporting the integration of ‘field’ devices in large numbers is presented, which may address the data requirements in the scope of Asset Management.
Development of Miniature Modular Digital Altimeter
Authors: Fratila Cristina Maria , Tickle Andrew Jason
Published: February 2020

Altimetry is defined as the method of measuring heights above sea level. Measuring height has been achieved by various methodologies in the past, ranging from U-shaped columns of mercury or water, sealed pressurized balloons of air or more modern approaches such as the Global Positioning System (GPS). However, all these methods are either quite bulky or power hungry and so a low cost, light weight unit would be useful for various applications. Shown here is a small microprocessor controlled system that utilizes an air pressure sensor that can be adjusted to the current air pressure, run off a 6 Volt source and the height displayed on a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) screen. This allows it to be used as a standalone module or integrated into a much larger system. This includes applications such as robotics and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) to personal handheld units for use in leisure activities or by security or rescue personnel.
Linear and Angular Position Sensing for Two- Degrees-of-Freedom Motor
Authors: Kanno Yoshiki , Sato Yasukazu
Published: February 2020

A linear and rotational two-degrees-of-freedom switched reluctance motor (2DOF-SRM) has been developed to independently control linear and rotational actuation on one actuator. The 2DOF-SRM drive system requires information on the linear and angular positions of the rotor for its control. The approximate angular position of the prototype 2DOF-SRM rotor was detected by the built-in photo-switches that utilize the salient pole of the rotor as the sensor target. The linear position of the rotor was detected by an external linear position sensor mechanically connected to the output shaft. To simplify this sensing system and improve sensing resolution, this paper presents a noncontact optical sensing method to simultaneously detect linear and angular positions of an actuating 2DOF-SRM rotor. The sensing principle for detecting the combined linear and rotational motion of the 2DOF-SRM and the performance of the linear and angular position sensing system are reported.
Modeling and Prediction of Surface Water Contamination using On-line Sensor Data
Authors: Anyachebelu Tochukwu K. , Conrad Marc , Ajmal Tahmina
Published: February 2020

Water contamination is a great disadvantage to humans and aquatic life. Maintaining the aesthetics and quality of water bodies is a priority for environmental stake holders. The water quality sensor data can be analyzed over a period of time to give an indication of pollution incidents and could be a useful forecasting tool. Here we show our initial finding from statistical analysis on such sensor data from one of the lakes of the river Lea, south of Luton. Our initial work shows patterns which will form the basis for our forecasting model.
Annealing Effect on the Structural and Optical properties of SiOx films deposited by HFCVD: Features for its possible use as Optical Sensor
Authors: Luna López J. A. , Benítez Lara A. , García Salgado G. , de la Luz D. Hernández , Pacio M. , Sanchez A. Morales , Garcia S. A. Perez
Published: February 2020

Non-stoichiometric silicon oxide (SiOx) with embedded Si nanoparticles (Si-nps) shows novel physical characteristic, which permits its use in optoelectronic devices as photodetectors and light emitters. In this work, a detailed analysis of the structural and optical properties of silicon rich oxide films deposited via hot filament chemical vapor deposition is done. SiOx films with different Si content were obtained at different hydrogen flow. FTIR spectra show vibrational bands related to the presence of hydrogen in as-deposited SiOx films. This band is more intense as the hydrogen flow is increased, but disappears after thermal annealing. SiOx films exhibit a broad photoluminiscence (PL) spectra with main peaks at 700 and 750 nm. The PL band at 700 nm is enhanced as the hydrogen content in the SiOx films is increased. XPS spectra show a high Si concentration and a low oxygen concentration in the SiOx films. Transmittance spectra have a shifted to high wavelength after thermal annealing, and optical band gap was from 2.34 to 3.95 eV.
Analyzing and Processing EEG-based Multichannel Signals Acquired during Sleeping
Authors: Vergallo P. , Lay-Ekuakille A. , Giannocaro N.I. , Trabacca A. , Porta R. Della , De Rinaldis M.
Published: February 2020

Processing of signals acquired from sensor systems needs accurate algorithms to extract information of interest concerning the problem under study. In this work Empirical Mode Decomposition method is used on EEG signals obtained during polysomnography examination, when electromyographic (EMG) signals are acquired too. EMD method decomposes a signal into components named Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMF) which can exhibit important time-frequency information related to signals under observation. Since EEG signals are obtained from multiple electrodes, the problem is addressed to processing of signals acquired from multiple channels according to sensor array techniques. The objective of this work is to define an automatic method to detect transient event, changes of sleep stage in EEG signals which can allow an evaluation of the state of the patient. In this first step we analyze and process EEG signals through EMD method to remove EMG contributes. The obtained results are encouraging in the definition of a future multivariate approach to quantify brain activity by evaluating correlation of the IMFs calculated for each channel.
WSN and M2M for cycling performance assessment
Authors: Barreiro José , Postolache Octavian , Passos Pedro
Published: February 2020

Cycling assessment to increase performance during sport training is an important issue. In this article presents a wireless sensor network including multi-sensing channels for dynamic and cinematic measurement during cycling training. The Smart Mountain Bike is a system that includes the bicycle and the associated sports equipment, such as gloves, shoes and chest strap. The system is characterized by sensing channels as part of wireless sensor network which base station is expressed by embedded computer and a 3G/UMTS shield which permit the data communication with a cloud server. The data stored on the server is accessed through a mobile application that analyzes and correlates all user information and allows data visualization with a friendly graphical interface.
Detection of Pathogenic Bacteria in Aqueous Media: Assessing the Potential of Real-Time Electromagnetic Wave Sensing
Authors: Nakouti I. , Korostynska O. , Mason A. , Al-Shamma’a A. I.
Published: February 2020

This paper reports on the capabilities of a novel electromagnetic wave sensing method to detect and identify the presence of various pathogenic bacteria in aqueous media. In particular, the change in the electromagnetic wave signal in microwave frequency range is used as an indicator of bacteria presence. The assessment was conducted by recording reflected signal spectra when the sensor was in contact with deionised water, Escherichia coli, sterile nutrient broth and Pseudomonas aeruginosa solutions. The distinct feature of the proposed system is that the detection is performed in real time, without the need for additional sample processing or chemicals. This bacteria detection method would be of benefit in a broad range of applications, ranging from water quality monitoring in wastewater treatment facilities to safety assurance in healthcare and food industry.
Assessing Water Activity in Dry-Cured Ham using Microwave Spectroscopy
Authors: Bjarnadottir Stefania G , Lunde Kathrine , Alvseike Ole , Mason Alex , Al-Shamma’a Ahmed I
Published: February 2020

Microwave spectroscopy have been applied in numerous applications in the non-food industry, and recently also in the food industry, for non-destructive measurements. In this study, a dry-cured ham model was designed and water activity, water content and salt content (sodium chloride) were determined for all samples using chemical analysis. The water activity was also measured using microwave spectroscopy, with a rectangular microwave cavity resonator. Attained results indicate that microwave spectroscopy might be a promising technique for determination of water activity in dry-cured ham.
4857 SAYILI İŞ KANUNU ÇERÇEVESİNDE İŞ SÖZLEŞMESİNİN FESHİNDE İŞÇİNİN SAVUNMASININ ALINMASI
Authors: DUMAN Bariş
Published: February 2020

İş hukukunun temel amaçlarından biri de işçi ve işveren arasındaki çalışma ilişkisinin devamlılığını sağlayacak tedbirlerin alınmasıdır. İş sözleşmesinin sona erdirilmesi öncesinde, savunma hakkı verilmesi, işçinin, hakkındaki iddiaları öğrenme olanağını sağlayacaktır. Hakkındaki fesih nedeni olabilecek iddiaları öğrenen işçinin yapacağı savunmanın mahiyeti, taraf olunan iş ilişkisi bakımından son derece önemlidir. İşçi yapacağı savunmayla işverenin objektif bir değerlendirmeyle fesih iradesini değiştirebilir. Diğer bir ifadeyle işveren, işçisinin yapacağı savunmaya göre iş sözleşmesini sona erdirme yönündeki niyetinden vazgeçebileceği gibi yapılan savunmaya itibar etmeyerek aralarındaki sözleşmeyi sona erdirebilir. Yasal olarak iş güvencesi kapsamındaki iş ilişkilerinde, işveren tarafından işçi davranışı ve verimine bağlı fesih sebepleri karşısında tanınması zorunlu olan savunma hakkı, ileride yaşanabilecek uyuşmazlıklarda, ispat hukuku açısından yazılı olarak ve de fesih bildirimi öncesinde kullandırılması gerekir. Çalışmamızda İş Kanununun 19. maddesinde yer verilen ve işveren tarafından işçinin kişiliğine bağlı fesih sebepleri bakımından gerçekleştirilmesi muhtemel fesih işleminin geçerlilik koşulu olarak düzenlenen savunma hakkı, mevzuat, öğreti görüşleri ve Yargıtay kararları çerçevesinde değerlendirilmiştir.
¿Las revistas académicas construyen comunidades de conocimiento?
Authors: Zuluaga Quintero Diego Alejandro
Published: February 2020

Recibir la invitación para hacer la editorial de este número de la Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Sociales implicó, en mi caso, hacerme la pregunta por los contenidos que debían tener este tipo de escritos. Por supuesto había leído muchas editoriales, pero nunca me había hecho tal cuestionamiento. Decidí entonces revisar las editoriales de las revistas que reposan en mi biblioteca. El primer resultado fue obvio: las editoriales no tienen una lógica particular, ni unos contenidos ineludibles. Era una información que implícitamente estaba en mi memoria, pero ante la responsabilidad de la invitación no quería dar pasos en falso y preferí regirme por la rigurosidad. El otro resultado fue hacerme consciente de que en medio de los libros que reposan en mi biblioteca tenía muchas revistas de carácter científico en los campos de la crítica literaria, la historia, la sociología y las ciencias políticas, entre otros. Revisar los índices, autores y temáticas de artículos me hizo pensar que la producción académica en el país es mucho más amplia de lo que imaginamos y que hay muchos sectores de la academia interesados en producir conocimiento. Pero lo que más me contrarió fue darme cuenta de que entre esas setenta u ochenta revistas de mi pertenencia solo había leído unos cuantos artículos y lo había hecho en casos particulares con el objetivo de desarrollar mis propias investigaciones. Lo anterior me llevó a preguntar por el papel de las revistas en el medio académico y educativo colombiano.
Estrategias financieras para el fútbol como generador de valor
Authors: Franco Montoya Laura Juliana , Cadavid Silva Laura , Orozco Grisales Leidy Johana , Ramírez Gómez Diego Alonso
Published: February 2020

El desarrollo del presente artículo está orientado a establecer las estrategias financieras que requiere llevar a cabo el Club Rionegro Águilas Doradas en el marco del Objetivo Básico Financiero (OBF). Para esto se realizó un diagnóstico de los estados financieros del equipo deportivo; adicionalmente se hizo una investigación documental mediante la cual se establecieron los antecedentes sobre el tema, se realizaron entrevistas a algunos profesionales del área financiera para obtener el conocimiento de las posibles estrategias que se pueden implementar; y finalmente se establecieron algunas estrategias que pueden ayudar al equipo a alcanzar el Objetivo Básico Financiero frente a la optimización de los ingresos, evaluación permanente del flujo de caja y la gestión eficiente de costos y gastos.
Synchronization of the secondary isolation system with a dual-motor excitation
Authors: Peng Huan , Hou Yongjun , Fang Pan , Zou Min
Published: February 2020

A dynamical model is proposed in this paper to study the synchronization and stability of the secondary isolation system with a dual-motor excitation. After deducing the dynamic equations of the system by Lagrange’s equation, the Laplace transform is used to deduce the displacement responses of the system when the system operate in steady state. The synchronous balance equation and stability condition of the system is derived with average method, and the relationship between the coefficient of synchronous ability and the geometric parameters of the system is discussed. It can be found that synchronization ability of the system is gradually increased with the increase between two motors mounting distance; meanwhile the larger difference of the mass between the two unbalanced rotors, the more difficult to implement synchronous operation of the system. Moreover, the stable phase difference of the vibrating system being as the key determinant to reach synchronization is discussed numerically. The research result shows that the synchronous behavior of the system is influenced by rotation direction of the rotors, mounting position of two motors, and mass ratios between unbalanced rotors and vibrating body. The correctness of theoretical analyses is verified by simulation results with Runge-Kutta method.
FCS Based Memcapacitor Emulator Circuit
Authors: MADSAR Mehmet , BABACAN Yunus , ÇİÇEK Kenan
Published: February 2020

In this paper we have designed a grounded memcapacitor emulator which is a part of memristive system providing a nonlinear relationship between Charge and Voltage. The Floating Current Source (FCS) possesses a low power consumption feature, has been utilized for the memcapacitor emulation. In this study, a memcapacitor emulator is designed utilizing discrete circuit elements. The proposed emulator circuit exhibits a simple design consisting of MOSFETs and capacitors. The emulator performance is verified theoretically, and computer simulations and results are discussed here.
Potential influence of sewer heat recovery on in-sewer processes
Authors: Abdel-Aal Mohamad , Villa Raffaella , Jawiarczyk Natalia , Alibardi Luca , Jensen Henriette , Schellart Alma , Jefferson Bruce , Shepley Paul , Tait Simon
Published: February 2020

Heat recovery from combined sewers has a significant potential for practical renewable energy provision as sources of heat demand and sewer pipes are spread across urban areas. Sewers are continuously recharged with relatively hot wastewater, as well as interacting with heat sources from surrounding air and soil. However, the potential effects of modifying sewage temperature on in-sewer processes have received little attention. The deposition of fats, oils and greases (FOGs) and hydrogen sulphide formation are biochemical processes and are thus influenced by temperature. This paper utilises a case study approach to simulate anticipated temperature reductions in a sewer network due to heat recovery. A laboratory investigation into the formation of FOG deposits at temperatures varying between 5 °C and 20 °C provided mixed results, with only a weak temperature influence, highlighting the need for more research to fully understand the influence of the wastewater composition as well as temperature on FOG deposit formation. A separate modelling investigation into the formation of hydrogen sulphide when inflow temperature is varied between 5 °C and 20 °C showed considerable reductions in hydrogen sulphide formation. Hence, heat extraction from sewers could be a promising method for managing some in-sewer processes, combined with traditional methods such as chemical dosing.
Quick incubation process to determine inactivation of Ascaris and Toxocara eggs
Authors: Maya C. , Pérez M. , Velásquez G. , Barrios J. A. , Román A. , Jiménez B.
Published: February 2020

Helminth eggs are among the most important biological contaminants in environmental engineering. They pose a significant health risk associated with poor sanitation, the use of contaminated water for irrigation, and the disposal of excreta or sludge to land. Helminths are parasitic worms transmitted to humans via their eggs, which is the infective stage of their life cycle. They are therefore relevant to public health and environmental fields due to their low infectious dose, their persistence in the environment (up to several years), and their high resistance to conventional disinfection processes. The evaluation of the efficiency of any process of inactivation, through the determination of the viability of these parasites, is fundamental, but the traditional incubation technique requires 20 days to determine both the viability and the infectivity of nematode eggs. However, the present study found that, using an inactivation process at a temperature of 60 °C for 1 hour and incubation at 28 °C and 34 °C, the absence of division of the nucleus of eggs of species from two genera, Ascaris lumbricoides and Toxocara canis, showed them to be inactivated following only 48 hours of incubation. Similar inactivation results were observed using an automatic system as long as the eggs were inactivated. The minimum time required to evaluate the inactivation of nematode eggs through the incubation technique was 48 hours.
Clinical and Translational Challenges in Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Hernando Jorge , Ros Javier , Arroyo Alvaro , Capdevila Jaume
Published: February 2020

Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy and it accounts for 1% of all
newly diagnosed tumors. Approximately 10% of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinomas (DTC)
and 30% with medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) could not be cured with locoregional treatment and
could develop metastatic disease. In addition, one of the most aggressive solid tumors can arise from
the thyroid gland, the anaplastic thyroid carcinoma, with a median overall survival of less than 6
months. Currently, only four drugs are approved for the treatment of DTC and MTC and several unmet
needs are focusing the scientific discussions, including the resistant setting, the off-target side effects
that may reduce the efficacy and the molecular knowledge-based combinations. In this review, we
aimed to discuss the current molecular landscape and treatment of thyroid cancers, and the ongoing
clinical and translational research lines focusing on new drugs and drug combinations to improve the
inhibition of driver mutations, such as BRAF and RET, and how systemic therapies that improved outcomes
of other cancer types, like immunotherapy and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy, may play a
role in the future management of advanced thyroid cancers.
A Molecular Cascade Underlying Articular Cartilage Degeneration
Authors: Xu Lin , Li Yefu
Published: February 2020

Preserving of articular cartilage is an effective way to protect synovial joints from becoming osteoarthritic (OA) joints. Understanding of the molecular basis of articular cartilage degeneration will provide valuable information in the effort to develop cartilage preserving drugs. There are currently no disease-modifying OA drugs (DMOADs) available to prevent articular cartilage destruction during the development of OA. Current drug treatments for OA focus on the reduction of joint pain, swelling, and inflammation at advanced stages of the disease. However, based on discoveries from several independent research laboratories and our laboratory in the past 15 to 20 years, we believe that we have a functional molecular understanding of articular cartilage degeneration. In this review article, we present and discuss experimental evidence to demonstrate a sequential chain of the molecular events underlying articular cartilage degeneration, which consists of transforming growth factor beta 1, high-temperature requirement A1 (a serine protease), discoidin domain receptor 2 (a cell surface receptor tyrosine kinase for native fibrillar collagens), and matrix metalloproteinase 13 (an extracellularmatrix degrading enzyme). If, as we strongly suspect, this molecular pathway is responsible for the initiation and acceleration of articular cartilage degeneration, which eventually leads to progressive joint failure, then these molecules may be ideal therapeutic targets for the development of DMOADs.
Formulation, Characterization and In-vitro and In-vivo Evaluation of Capecitabine Loaded Niosomes
Authors: Patel Parth , Barot Tejas , Kulkarni Pratik
Published: February 2020

Background:

Nanocarriers improve the efficacy of drugs by facilitating their specific delivery
and protecting them from external environment resulting in a better performance against diseases.

Objective:

In this study, it was aimed to improve the efficacy of capecitabine against colorectal cancer
by its entrapment in niosomes. Ether injection method was used to prepare niosomes composed of span
20 and cholesterol.

Methods:

Niosomes were evaluated by evaluating the entrapment efficiency, in-vitro drug release and
cytotoxicity of capecitabine loaded niosomes. Niosomes were characterized by particle size analysis,
transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning
calorimetry for surface morphology and drug excipient interactions.

Results:

High encapsulation efficiency (90.55%) was observed, which is anticipated to resolve the
multi-drug resistance problem. Reported particle size was 180.9 + 5 nm with a negative zeta potential -
21 + 0.5 mV and the kinetic study showed a concentration-dependent release of the drug from the
niosome. DSC study proved entrapment of the entire drug and its non-covalent bonding with the excipients.
Cytotoxicity study of niosomes on CaCO2 cell line showed an improved IC>50 value as compared
to the free drug.

Conclusion:

Enhanced cytotoxicity observed in the results further supports the suitability of niosome as
a nanocarrier for pharmaceutical drug delivery.
The Effect of Earmuffs on Physiological Parameters in Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ozdemir Serap , Balci Serap
Published: February 2020

:

Noise may cause stress responses such as apnea, hypoxemia, changes in oxygen saturation
and augmented oxygen consumption secondary to elevated heart and respiratory rates. Moreover,
stress results in increased intracranial pressure, abnormal sleep patterns, hearing impairment,
and bronchopulmonary dysplasia, retinopathy of prematurity, intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular
leukomalacia, retardate development and alterations in the neuroendocrine system. Herein,
this study aimed to discuss the effects of earmuffs on physiological parameters in preterm infants.

:

The relevant and available peer-reviewed publications from 2012 to 2018 from various databases
were analyzed. For the assessment of the studies, the full-text accessible studies were included for
analysis. The retrieved documents were analyzed using VOSviewer regarding the geographical distributions
of the documents with their numbers and citations, keywords proposed by the researchers.
All records with the term “earmuffs OR earmuff” in the “article title, abstract, keywords” were
retrieved from different databases. Accordingly, 396 documents containing the word “earmuffs OR
earmuff” were recorded. The search was then restricted for publications that contain the words
“noise AND nursing AND preterm” in the title and abstracts (TITLE-ABS-KEY (earmuffs OR earmuff))
AND (noise AND nursing AND preterm) (Scopus=390; Web of Science=1, Medline=2;
Cochrane=1; Embase=1= Pubmed=1=n=396). After inclusion and exclusion criteria, 7 documents
were recorded and then evaluated for the present study.

:

As a conclusion, the effects of earmuffs on physiological parameters of preterm infants have not
been clearly understood and reported yet. Along with the present documents, it is not clear that the
use of earmuffs reduces stress and provides physiological stability in preterm infants born between
approximately 28-32 weeks. The studies with a larger sample size are needed for validation of information
reported in the articles analyzed herein.
A Review on Stem Cell Therapy for Neuropathic Pain
Authors: Asgharzade Samira , Talaei Andisheh , Farkhondeh Tahereh , Forouzanfar Fatemeh
Published: February 2020

Neuropathic pain is a complex, chronic pain state that is heterogeneous in nature and caused by the consequence of a lesion or disease affecting the somatosensory system. Current medications give a long-lasting pain relief only in a limited percentage of patients also associated with numerous side effects. Stem cell transplantation is one of the attractive therapeutic platforms for the treatment of a variety of diseases, such as neuropathic pain. Here, the authors review the therapeutic effects of stem cell transplantation of different origin and species in different models of neuropathic pain disorders. Stem cell transplantation could alleviate the neuropathic pain; indeed, stem cells are the source of cells, which differentiate into a variety of cell types and lead trophic factors to migrate to the lesion site opposing the effects of damage. In conclusion, this review suggests that stem cell therapy can be a novel approach for the treatment of neuropathic pain.
BALANCED SCORECARD DALAM INSTITUSI PENDIDIKAN LANJUT
Authors: Novitasari Budi Tiara
Published: February 2020

Abstrak: Balanced Scorecard dalam institusi pendidikan lanjut. Balanced scorecard tidak hanya dikenal sebagai alat pengukur kinerja multidimensional yang menggabungkan aspek keuangan dan keuangan dalam organisasi akan tetapi juga dikenal sebagai sistem stratejik manajemen yang terintegrasi. Berbagai literatur dan penelitian terdahulu telah menganalisa penerapan dan peran balanced scorecard dalam organisasi. Kemampuan balanced scorecard untuk menggabungkan aspek keuangan dan aspek non-keuangan memberikan kesempatan untuk penerapan yang lebih jauh dalam organisasi non-profit, salah satunya adalah institusi pendidikan. Berbeda dengan entitas bisnis lain, penting bagi institusi pendidikan untuk turut memasukkan 3 fungsi utamanya yang meliputi, pengajaran dan pembelajaran, penelitian dan pengabdian masyarakat ke dalam pengukuran kinerjanya. Paper ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan hasil penelitian terdahulu terhadap penerapan dan pengembangan balanced scorecard dalam institusi pendidikan. Dengan memaparkan bagaimana fungsi institusi pendidikan dapat dipaparkan dalam perspektif balanced scorecard, paper ini diharapkan mampu memberikan gambaran dan acuan bagi penerapan balanced scorecard dalam institusi pendidikan.Kata kunci: balanced scorecard, kinerja, perguruan tinggi