bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of constant light and melatonin on urethane-induced lung carcinogenesis in mice and expression of clock genes and proteins
Authors: Gubareva Ekaterina , Iurova Mariia , Tyndyk Margarita , Maydin Mikhail , Yanus Grigorii , Egormin Petr , Panchenko Andrey , Anisimov Vladimir
Published: July 2021

Introduction. Circadian rhythms are an adaptational mechanism to day-night cycle. At the cellular level rhythms are supported by oscillations of transcription of Bmal1, 2, Clock and Npas2, Per1-3, Cry1, 2 clock genes; in the organism rhythms are synchronized with melatonin, the "hormone of darkness". Reliable data have been obtained that disruption of biological "clocks" at the cellular and/or organism level are associated with carcinogenesis, but the experimental results in this direction remain incomplete.

Aim. Assessment of the continuous lighting and melatonin administration effects on chemically induced carcinogenesis in mice and expression of clock genes and proteins in normal and tumor lung tissue.

Materials and methods. Lung tumors were induced by urethane in 120 male SHR mice.  Animals were kept at constant (LL) or standard (LD) light; half of the animals received melatonin (MT) daily at 20 mg/l at night with water for 45 weeks of experiment. At the end of the experiment, the frequency and multiplicity of lung tumours of different size were assessed. Expression of clock genes Clock, Bmal1, Cry1 was assessed in tumor samples and normal lung tissue by real-time PCR; protein content of BMAL1, CLOCK, CRY1 and PER2 was determined by immunohistochemistry. Statistical data were processed using the programs MS Excel 2007, GraphPad Prism 6.0 with commonly used statistical criteria.

Results. The number of animals with lung tumors was between 89 and 100% in different groups. Large tumors (>2 mm) were more frequently observed in LL group (62 tumors out of 294, 21,1%) than in LD group (59 tumors out of 405, 14,6%, p=0,0245). Administration of exogenous melatonin at constant lighting statistically significantly reduced the frequency of large tumors (28 tumors out of 320, 8.8%, p=0,0001 in comparison with LL). In normal lung tissue of animals kept at constant lighting (LL) the increase in relative expression of clock genes in comparison with LD group was revealed: Bmal1 by 3,1 times (p=0,02) and Cry1 by 3,6 times (p=0,0002). No such differences were found for Clock gene. The relative content of BMAL1 and CLOCK proteins in all experimental conditions was higher in adenomas and adenocarcinomas compared to normal tissue.

Conclusion. Constant lighting promotes the development of chemically induced lung tumors, and melatonin administration inhibits carcinogenesis under constant lighting.

The content of BMAL1 and CLOCK transcription activator proteins in lung tumors was found to increase in comparison with normal tissue, whereas no increase in the expression level of corresponding genes in tumors was observed.
Reseña de "La secuencia gráfica: El cómic y la evolución de su lenguaje" de Roberto Bartual
Authors: Harguindey Barrio Breixo
Published: July 2021

Reseña de "La secuencia gráfica: El cómic y la evolución de su lenguaje" de Roberto Bartual
El control institucional y social sobre los cómics
Authors: Fernández Sarasola Ignacio
Published: July 2021

Entre los años treinta y setenta del pasado siglo varios países occidentales vivieron una intensa campaña anticómic promovida tanto por las autoridades como por los ciudadanos. Algunos de los objetivos y medidas de esas cruzadas eran comunes: todas utilizaron puntos de vista elitistas y morales, y pretendieron estar protegiendo a los niños frente a lecturas perniciosas. Sin embargo, también existen profundas diferencias entre esas campañas que dependen de factores politicos, sociales, culturales, económicos y jurídicos, y que solo pueden percibirse adoptando una perspectiva comparada.
La industria cultural de la historieta mexicana: una visión desde la economía política
Authors: Enciso González Jesús , Espinosa Lucas Emmanuel Román
Published: July 2021

En este artículo, se propone la aplicación de un marco teórico y metodológico para estudiar la industria cultural de la historieta mexicana; el hilo argumental es el proceso económico-industrial de elaboración y circulación de cómics que comprendió casi setenta años. Partimos de la economía política como enfoque, pero también consideramos otros desarrollos pertenecientes a la economía. Asimismo, abordamos a las industrias culturales y creativas, así como brindamos una panorámica sobre la historia de la industria del cómic mexicano a partir de diversos estudiosos del tema.
La Gestión de Calidad y el Proceso de Licenciamiento Institucional: I.E.S.P.P “San Francisco de Asís” - Perú
Authors:   Universidad Privada César Vallejo, Pecho Donola Sergio Enrique
Published: July 2021

El presente estudio se enfoca en la Escuela de Educación Superior Pedagógico Pública “San Francisco de Asís” de Chincha, a partir de la cual aborda el ámbito pedagógico de índole estratégico institucional al sintetizar las aspiraciones educativas más relevantes de los agentes educativos involucrados en dicha escuela. Asimismo, esta orienta todas las vertientes pedagógicas y académicas al otorgarle un sentido real y pertinente al esfuerzo colectivo de los agentes operacionales de la comunidad educativa, la cual estará liderada por el directivo, personal jerárquico, docentes y estudiantes de formación docente de los distintos programas de estudio. De esta manera, el objetivo central de este artículo científico es delimitar la relación existente entre la gestión de calidad y el proceso de licenciamiento institucional y, además, poder cumplir con el logro de los objetivos estratégicos y líneas estratégicas formulados a partir del proceso de diagnóstico institucional. En tal sentido, el cumplimiento de estándares, dimensiones, criterios e indicadores de evaluación permitirán concretar los logros educativos deseados para garantizar la formación integral de los estudiantes, la cual inicia con el proceso de autoevaluación institucional. Esto nos permitirá determinar cuál es el estado actual de la medición de la calidad institucional y, a partir de ello, establecer mecanismos de mejora continua, teniendo en cuenta las orientaciones establecidas por la SUNEDU. En tal sentido, La Escuela de Educación Superior Pedagógico Pública “San Francisco de Asís” de Chincha, al formular y aprobar el presente estudio de investigación, inicia la nueva etapa de la calidad educativa que estará en los documentos de gestión, afrontando, así, el reto de contribuir al mejoramiento continuo de la calidad del servicio educativo, de acuerdo a los lineamientos institucionales y a las condiciones básicas de calidad.
Desenvolvimento de autoconhecimento e projeto de vida na Orientação Vocacional: um relato de caso
Authors: Acuna José Tadeu
Published: July 2021

A Orientação Vocacional (OV) quando realizada com adolescentes estimula o autoconhecimento, a formação de habilidades, competências e conhecimentos requeridos para a elaboração de projetos de vida, inclusive promove suporte psicológico a esses sujeitos que enfrentam diversos desafios nessa etapa do ciclo vital. Nesta direção, relata-se um caso de OV cujo participante foi um jovem de 22 anos, matriculado em um cursinho pré-vestibular público. A intervenção teve caráter informativo e formativo, foi subsidiada por epistemologias construtivistas e socioconstrucionistas, almejou o desenvolvimento do autoconhecimento e a facilitação da construção de projetos de vida. Ao longo dos sete encontros o orientando conseguiu se perceber em uma trama de relações sociais as quais influenciam a constituição de seu modo de ser. À guisa de conclusão, a estrutura da OV praticada reuniu elementos da ordem clínica e educacional, tais características favoreceram o desenvolvimento de recursos pessoais para o planejamento e execução do projeto de vida do participante.
Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinde İnternet Bağımlılığı
Authors: DOST Ayşe , KÖKCÜ DOĞAN Aysel , ASLAN Derya
Published: July 2021

Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı hemşirelik öğrencilerinin internet bağımlılığı düzeylerini belirlemektir.

Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı olarak gerçekleştirilen çalışmanın örneklemini Ekim 2020-Ocak 2021 eğitim öğretim yılında öğrenim gören 238 hemşirelik öğrencisi oluşturmuştur. Veriler araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” ve 2010 yılında Günüç ve Kayri tarafından Türkçe’ye uyarlanarak geçerlilik ve güvenirlilik çalışması yapılan "İnternet Bağımlılığı Ölçeği (İBÖ)" ile toplanmıştır.

Bulgular: Öğrencilerin yaş ortalamaları 19.44 ± 1.77 yıl olup, %88.2’si kadındır. Öğrencilerin %14.7'sinin günde interneti 30-40 kez kontrol ettiği, %31.1’inin 5 saat ve üzerinde akıllı telefon kullandığı, %34.5’inin en çok sosyal medya (facebook, twitter vb.) için internet kullandığı saptanmıştır. Öğrencilerin İnternet Bağımlılık Ölçeği’nden aldıkları puan ortalaması 89.87±20.60 (min:44, max:135) bulundu. Ölçek alt boyutlarının puan ortalamaları incelendiğinde, “yoksunluk” 32.58±8.56, “kontrol güçlüğü” 24.05±7.72, “işlevsellikte bozulma” 15.27±5.91 ve “sosyal izolasyon” alt boyut puanının 17.96±3.23 olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin cinsiyet, internet kullanma süresi, akıllı telefon kontrol etme sıklığına göre İBÖ puan ortalamasının istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık (p
Nitel Araştırma ve Ruh Sağlığı ve Psikiyatri Hemşireliğinin Felsefi Boyutu ve Karakteristik Özellikleri
Authors: ÇAM Mahire Olcay , MUTLU SATIL Ece
Published: July 2021

Ruh sağlığı ve psikiyatri hemşireliği, bireyi biricik, tek ve bütün olarak kabul eden, kişilerarası iletişim odaklı, hümanistik yaklaşım ile bireye bakım veren, bireyi anlayan, tanıyan ve değerlendiren bir bilim ve sanattır. Nitel araştırma, hümanistik felsefeyi benimseyen, olgu ve olayları kendi bağlamında anlamaya ve tanımaya odaklı, gözlem, röportaj ve yazılı metin yoluyla verilerin elde edildiği ve bir bütün olarak yorumlandığı bir araştırma türüdür. Bu özellikleri bakımından ruh sağlığı ve psikiyatri hemşireliği ve nitel araştırma ile birçok benzerlik göstermektedir. Nitel araştırma, son yıllarda özellikle ruh sağlığı ve psikiyatri hemşireliği alanında dikkat çekmektedir ve nitel araştırma yönteminin gelecek yıllarda yapılacak araştırmalarda sık kullanılan yöntemler arasında olacağı düşünülmektedir. Her bilim alanında olduğu gibi ruh sağlığı ve psikiyatri hemşireliği alanında kaliteli araştırmaların yürütülmesi için araştırma yöntemin benimsenmesi çok önemlidir. Bu özden hareketle çalışmada, hem nitel araştırma hem de ruh sağlığı ve psikiyatri hemşireliğinin özellikleri ve felsefesi incelemiştir. Sonuç olarak nitel araştırmanın ruh sağlığı ve psikiyatri hemşireliğinin karakteristik özellikleri ve felsefesi ile uyumlu olduğu görülmüştür.
Maksimal sitoredüksiyon sonrası Hipertermik İntraperitoneal Kemoterapi uygulamasının platin dirençli ve parsiyel duyarlı rekürren epitelyal over kanserinde sağ kalıma etkisi
Authors: OZGUN Yigit Mehmet , ÖZ Murat , ÖTER Volkan , ÇOLAKOĞLU Muhammet Kadri , PİSKİN Erol , AYDİN Osman , BOSTANCİ Erdal
Published: July 2021

Amaç: Over kanserlerinde nüks genellikle peritoneal metastaz ile olmaktadır. Bu durumda tedavi seçenekleri arasında sitoredüktüf cerrahi (SRC) ve hipertermik intraperitoneal kemoterapi (HİPEK) önemli yer tutmaktadır. Özellikle platin dirençli ve parsiyel duyarlı rekürren epitelyal over kanserlerinde bu tedavi daha da önem kazanmaktadır. Çalışmamızda bu hasta grubuna uyguladığımız sitoredüktüf cerrahi ve hipertermik intraperitoneal kemoterapi tedavisin sonuçlarını analiz ettik.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: 2014-2021 tarihleri arasında peritoneal nüks nedeni ile opere edilen platin dirençli ve parsiyel duyarlı patolojisi yüksek dereceli seröz over karsinom olan hastalar geriye dönük olarak incelendi. Çalışmaya sadece makroskopik rezidü tümör kalmayacak şekilde SRC ve HİPEK uygulanan hastalar dahil edildi. Hastaların erken ve uzun dönem sonuçları, takip sürecinde nüks gelişimi, hastalıksız ve toplam sağ kalım süreleri analiz edildi.

Bulgular: Toplam 13 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastaların, peritoneal karsinomatoz indeksi (PKİ), 3-25 arasında ve ortanca yaş 54 (32-77  11,5 SD) olarak saptandı. Bir hastaya hem sekonder hem tersiyer SRC ve HİPEK uygulandı. Ortanca hastane yatış süreleri ve takip süreleri sırası ile 14 gün ve 42 ay olarak bulundu. Beş hastada post operatif komplikasyon gözlendi. Tüm hastaların median hastalıksız sağ kalım (DFS) 41 ay, median sağ kalım (OS) 49 ay olarak bulundu.

Sonuç: Platin dirençli ve parsiyel duyarlı rekürren epitelyal over kanserlerinde SRC ve HİPEK, kabul edilebilir morbidite oranları ile yapılabilmektedir. Makroskopik tümör bırakılmadan uygulanan sitoredüksiyon ile uzun sağ kalım sağlanabilmektedir. Sekonder ve tersiyer cerrahiler seçilmiş hastalarda faydalıdır.
A choice of persistent identifier schemes for the Distributed System of Scientific Collections (DiSSCo)
Authors: Hardisty Alex , Addink Wouter , Glöckler Falko , Güntsch Anton , Islam Sharif , Weiland Claus
Published: July 2021

Persistent identifiers (PID) to identify digital representations of physical specimens in natural science collections (i.e., digital specimens) unambiguously and uniquely on the Internet are one of the mechanisms for digitally transforming collections-based science. Digital Specimen PIDs contribute to building and maintaining long-term community trust in the accuracy and authenticity of the scientific data to be managed and presented by the Distributed System of Scientific Collections (DiSSCo) research infrastructure planned in Europe to commence implementation in 2024. Not only are such PIDs valid over the very long timescales common in the heritage sector but they can also transcend changes in underlying technologies of their implementation. They are part of the mechanism for widening access to natural science collections. DiSSCo technical experts previously selected the Handle System as the choice to meet core PID requirements.

Using a two-step approach, this options appraisal captures, characterises and analyses different alternative Handle-based PID schemes and the possible operational modes of use. In a first step a weighting and ranking the options has been applied followed by a structured qualitative assessment of social and technical compliance across several assessment dimensions: levels of scalability, community trust, persistence, governance, appropriateness of the scheme and suitability for future global adoption. The results are discussed in relation to branding, community perceptions and global context to determine a preferred PID scheme for DiSSCo that also has potential for adoption and acceptance globally.

DiSSCo will adopt a ‘driven-by DOI’ persistent identifier (PID) scheme customised with natural sciences community characteristics. Establishing a new Registration Agency in collaboration with the International DOI Foundation is a practical way forward to support the FAIR (findable, accessible interoperable, reusable) data architecture of DiSSCo research infrastructure. This approach is compatible with the policies of the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC) and is aligned to existing practices across the global community of natural science collections.
Neuropsychiatric Effects of In-Utero Substance Exposure
Authors: Khan Burhan , Sharif Avaas , Qayyum Zheala
Published: July 2021

Infant exposure to drug use during pregnancy raises several health and safety concerns. Research has demonstrated several cognitive, behavioral, psychiatric, and developmental consequences of in-utero exposure, which may manifest at birth or later in early childhood. A collaborative approach that involves close monitoring is needed to continually assess and support children who have been exposed to substances in-utero as they may continue to experience difficulties well into adulthood.

[
Psychiatr Ann
. 2021;51(7):331–337.]
Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics in the Treatment of Schizophrenia: Practical Considerations
Authors: Kverno Karan , Rozenberg Ilya
Published: July 2021

The positive symptoms of schizophrenia are usually treated with oral antipsychotics despite high rates of nonadherence leading to relapse and rehospitalization. Seven long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics are currently approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for maintenance treatment of schizophrenia. These medications reduce the risk for nonadherence and relapse, yet relatively few clinicians prescribe them. All LAI anti-psychotics are equally effective in treating the positive symptoms of schizophrenia. Dosing requirements, dosing frequencies, and what clinicians should consider in choosing a LAI antipsychotic for a specific patient are discussed. Communication strategies that help patients and families understand what they need to know about schizophrenia and its treatment to share in the decision-making process are also provided. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 59
(7), 7–12.]
Persistence of superoscillations under the Schrödinger equation
Authors: Pozzi Elodie , Wick Brett D.
Published: July 2021

The goal of this paper is to provide new proofs of the persistence of superoscillations under the Schrödinger equation. Superoscillations were first put forward by Aharonov and have since received much study because of connections to physics, engineering, signal processing and information theory. An interesting mathematical question is to understand the time evolution of superoscillations under certain Schrödinger equations arising in physics. This paper provides an alternative proof of the persistence of superoscillations by some elementary convergence facts for sequence and series and some connections with certain polynomials and identities in combinatorics. The approach given opens new perspectives to establish persistence of superoscillations for the Schrödinger equation with more general potentials.
Filled function method to optimize supply chain transportation costs
Authors: Qu Deqiang , Shang Youlin , Wu Dan , Sun Guanglei
Published: July 2021

The transportation-based supply chain model can be formulated as the constrained nonlinear programming problems. When solving such problems, the classic optimization algorithms are often limited to local minimums, causing the difficulty to find the global optimal solution. Aiming at this problem, a filled function method with a single parameter is given to cross the local minimum. Based on the characteristics of the filled function, a new filled function algorithm that can obtain the global optimal solution is designed. Numerical experiments verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the algorithm. Finally, the filled function algorithm is applied to the solution of supply chain problems, and the numerical results show that the algorithm can also address decision-making problems of supply chain transportation effectively.
Approximation algorithm with constant ratio for stochastic prize-collecting Steiner tree problem
Authors: Sun Jian , Sheng Haiyun , Sun Yuefang , Du Donglei , Zhang Xiaoyan
Published: July 2021

Steiner tree problem is a typical NP-hard problem, which has vast application background and has been an active research topic in recent years. Stochastic optimization problem is an important branch in the field of optimization. Compared with deterministic optimization problem, it is an optimization problem with random factors, and requires the use of tools such as probability and statistics, stochastic process and stochastic analysis. In this paper, we study a two-stage finite-scenario stochastic prize-collecting Steiner tree problem, where the goal is to minimize the sum of the first stage cost, the expected second stage cost and the expected penalty cost. Our main contribution is to present a primal-dual 3-approximation algorithm for this problem.
Time-optimal of fixed wing UAV aircraft with input and output constraints
Authors: Shavakh M. H. , Bidabad B.
Published: July 2021

The route prediction of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) according to their missions is a strategic issue in the aviation field. In some particular missions, the UAV tasks are to start a movement from a defined point to a target reign in the shortest time. This paper proposes a practical method to find the guidance law of the fixed-wing UAV to achieve time-optimal considering the ambient wind. The unique features of this paper are that the environment includes the moving and fixed obstacles as the route constraints, and the fixed-wing UAVs have to keep a given distance from these obstacles. Also, we consider the specific kinematic equation of the fixed-wing UAV and limitations on the flight-path angle and bank-angles as other constraints. We suggest a method for controlling a fixed-wing UAV to get time-optimal using the re-scaling and parameterization techniques. These techniques are useful and effective in maximizing the performance of the gradient-based methods as a sequential quadratic programming method (\begin{document}$ SQP $\end{document}) for numerical solutions. Then, all constraints of the time-optimal control problem are converted to a constraint using an exact penalty function. Due to being exact, finding the control variables and switching times is more accurate and faster. Finally, some numerical examples are simulated to explore the effectiveness of our proposed study in reality.
Irrigable measures for weighted irrigation plans
Authors: Sun Qing
Published: July 2021

A model of irrigation network, where lower branches must be thicker in order to support the weight of the higher ones, was recently introduced in [7]. This leads to a countable family of ODEs, describing the thickness of every branch, solved by backward induction. The present paper determines what kind of measures can be irrigated with a finite weighted cost. Indeed, the boundedness of the cost depends on the dimension of the support of the irrigated measure, and also on the asymptotic properties of the ODE which determines the thickness of branches.
Rumor spreading dynamics with an online reservoir and its asymptotic stability
Authors: Choi Sun-Ho , Seo Hyowon
Published: July 2021

The spread of rumors is a phenomenon that has heavily impacted society for a long time. Recently, there has been a huge change in rumor dynamics, through the advent of the Internet. Today, online communication has become as common as using a phone. At present, getting information from the Internet does not require much effort or time. In this paper, the impact of the Internet on rumor spreading will be considered through a simple SIR type ordinary differential equation. Rumors spreading through the Internet are similar to the spread of infectious diseases through water and air. From these observations, we study a model with the additional principle that spreaders lose interest and stop spreading, based on the SIWR model. We derive the basic reproduction number for this model and demonstrate the existence and global stability of rumor-free and endemic equilibriums.
Hidden
Authors: Harris Vincent T.
Published: July 2021

This chapter will explore the often-unspoken world of a Black men in higher education administration who identify as GBQQ (gay, bisexual, queer, or questioning) from the autoethnographic reflections of one Black gay man's personal and leadership experiences. This chapter will benefit an audience who seeks to dismantle or disrupt preexisting higher education social constructs that result in Black men who are GBQQ hiding from embodying their authentic selves in professional educational settings. It is written openly and honestly to encourage Black GBQQ men who hold professional roles in higher education spaces to resist the seduction of acceptance in order to un-learn and detach unrealistic patriarchic, heteronormative expectations of Black straightness and inclusion-based professional politics tethered to the higher education roles occupied by Black GBQQ men.
Surviving the Continued Assault of Cultural Centers
Authors: Torres-Baez Daisy , Romero Felix Alex , Santos Mendoza Gary
Published: July 2021

Staff from cultural centers and diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) offices will present their experiences as leaders that are often responding to contested times due to their roles and commitment to diversity, equity, and inclusion as heart work. Examples of contested times include financial constraints, anti-immigrant policies of the Trump administration, Black Lives Matter uprisings in response to increased visibility of police violence, and reimagining the role of centers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The chapter will explore how the authors' identities have shaped their leadership approach to build capacity by centering student needs and engaging campus partners. The chapter ends with the authors outlining approaches and next steps for supporting cultural centers and DEI offices during crises.
Anger and Thirst for Change Among Students With Disabilities in Higher Education
Authors: Fovet Frederic
Published: July 2021

The K-12 sector has sought to develop inclusive provisions for over two decades, but post-secondary education has not shifted as rapidly towards the inclusion of students with disabilities. Inclusion still mostly amounts to retrofitting and the provision of accommodations. This leads to a degree of stigmatization, and rarely leads to a genuine metamorphosis of the higher education classroom, or the transformation of pedagogy. The result is a tangible tension between the expectations of students with disabilities and institutional culture. The chapter examines the power of the current discourse of students with disabilities and their thirst for change. It then seeks to explore how this discourse can be translated into action, and more particularly how the social model of disability can be integrated into higher education. Universal design for learning appears as a promising framework to translate this activism into tangible change. The chapter develops this reflection beyond pedagogy itself and considers how a framework such as UDL can support a radical transformation of leadership.
The Epistemic Problem of the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Necessary Information Policy
Authors: Maulana Ikbal
Published: July 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted personal, social, and economic lives of millions of people around the world. It has taken the familiar world away from everyone. The pandemic is in large part an epistemic problem caused by the invisible contagious virus. Its invisibility can make people ignorant of the threat and spread of the virus. Government and public need scientists to identify and understand the problem of COVID-19. While the latter do not have complete knowledge to cure the disease, they are more knowledgeable to inform the government how to prevent the pandemic from getting worse. Appropriate government intervention requires a thorough investigation involving frequent and massive data collection, which is too expensive for developing countries. Without sufficient data, any government claim and intervention are questionable. The government can compensate the insufficiency of data by acquiring data and information from other sources, such as civil society organization and the public.
COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Bansal Shafila , Bhukal Santosh , Saharan Priya
Published: July 2021

Positive changes in the environment have been seen globally in the terms of fewer greenhouse gas emissions, a decline in water and noise pollution, and less pressure on the tourist places due to lockdown. However, tonnes of medical waste including face-covering masks, PPE kits, disposable latex gloves, and others have been generated. According to guidelines provided by the WHO, people are using masks and gloves on a regular basis as a protective measure from COVID-19 but throwing the used protective materials casually. Also, a huge amount of water is being wasted following the continued practice of washing hands. Hence, negative impacts on the environment have also emerged. In this chapter, an attempt has been made to emphasize the positive and negative impacts of COVID-19 on the environment. Various approaches have been suggested to avoid the reversal of the positive change in environmental health.
Reduction in Environmental Pollution Due to Lockdown in the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Arif Mohammad , Kumar Rajesh , Parveen Shagufta , Singh Kamlesh Kumar , Singh Jagvir
Published: July 2021

The Indian government imposed a countrywide lockdown on 25 March 2020 to contain the COVID-19 virus. The lockdown has led to a tremendous economic loss because of the closing of all industries and other activities. However, it has brought a brighter side to environmental quality improvement. This study assesses the influence of lockdown on Delhi-NCR's air and water quality. The earth system rejuvenated during the lockdown. An effort is made to understand the water quality of the Yamuna River in Delhi and the air quality of the Delhi-National Capital Region (Delhi NCR) during the lockdown. In the Yamuna River surrounding Delhi, a reduction of 1-10%, 33-66%, 51%, 45-90%, and 33-82%, respectively, in pH, EC, DO, BOD, and COD has been observed compared to the pre-lockdown. Similarly, the particulate matter concentration reduced by 31-53% in PM10 and 22-48% in PM2.5 during the lockdown of 2020 in comparison to the earlier years (2018 and 2019). Hence, the periodic lockdown has positively impacted the air and water quality in Delhi NCR.
Examination of Speaking Test Performance in Structured Group Tasks
Authors: Demirel Elif Tokdemir , Baser Zeynep
Published: July 2021

This chapter explores the use of structured group tasks in the testing of speaking skills in the context of a tertiary level first year speaking course. Participants included undergraduate university students from the department of English translation and interpreting at a state university located in Central Turkey. The structured task used in the study guided students into a group discussion during the speaking exam. The discussions in the exam sessions were video-recorded and transcribed. The transcriptions were analyzed from an interactional perspective. The students were also given an open-ended questionnaire to reveal their opinions about the ins and outs of the speaking test task tried out in the study. The questionnaire consisted of two parts. The first part required students to fill out their demographic information, and the second part inquired students' opinions about the group speaking task. The results of the analysis and questionnaire responses revealed additional opportunities provided by the use of structured tasks in speaking exams.
Crisis Situation and Financial Planning for Sustainability
Authors: Duháček Šebestová Jarmila
Published: July 2021

In any crisis or uncertain situation, it is necessary to carefully decide about three main points: when, what to invest, and which financial sources will be used. A profit reinvestment would be an effective and safe way of circulating money flows in a company. The first wave of COVID-19 has changed business conditions not only in the Czech Republic, but also it has an influence on financial decisions of entrepreneurs on how to use financial resources in individual segments of the company. The main goal of this chapter is to compare the reinvestment behavior in the company before the crisis based on primary research data (at least 425 respondents). The chapter includes results of different preferences influenced by COVID-19 uncertainty, and factor analysis has shown that availability of internal resources was important to survive restrictions and to be able to continue in financial planning to sustainably develop the business. Unfortunately, the relationship between business experience and main motives to invest wasn't confirmed.
The Role of University, Structural, and Social Support Means on the Intention of Entrepreneurship
Authors: Ainous Redouan
Published: July 2021

This chapter aims at studying the effect of the implicit factors on the intention of establishing an institution for the students of an Algerian university. The structural model of the study was proposed based on the Shapiro and Sokol model and the Ajzen model. The authors tested it on a sample of 163 university students at the University of Algeria 3. The model consists of a set of variables (the intention of establishing an institution as a dependent variable, structural and social educational support as independent variables). The results of the study showed that educational and social support factors affect the entrepreneurial spirit of students more than structural support. Value/authenticity of research enrich knowledge management literature that contributes to the search for how to support investment and support the intention to establish a special institution for young people through various mechanisms and means of support.
Key Drivers of Performance and Profitability in a Social Business
Authors: van Steenbergen Daisy Isabella , Ramos Paulo Graça , Sousa Bruno Barbosa
Published: July 2021

In order to build a successful strategy for any type of business, a strategic analysis needs to be performed. A strategic analysis consists of multiple elements, but it always starts with environmental scanning. This research focuses on that very first step by conducting an environmental analysis. It is a strategic tool that identifies all the external and internal elements, which could possibly affect the organization's performance. The aim of this research was not to provide all the final and conclusive answers. It was merely to explore the research topic with varying levels of depth. Additionally, this research tended to tackle new problems on which little or no previous research has been done by combining and elaborating well-known models, such as PESTEL, Porter´s 5 forces, and SWOT. The research problem of this chapter can be described as to determine the possibilities of starting a successful commercial business within the social welfare sector of Portugal.
Non-Profit Organization Involvement Into the Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Duháček Šebestová Jarmila , Palová Zuzana , Kantor Petr , Beck Vojtěch
Published: July 2021

Non-profits are an essential part of the community, reaching many sustainable development goals (SDG) without naming and promoting them. They can be empowered to do more. Non-profits should make the SDGs a prominent point to demonstrate why clients and consumers should buy or use their services to reduce waste and recycle. According to the research gap within the Czech environment, the chapter's main point is to present the current situation by qualitative evaluation based on three case studies of a non-profit organization. SDGs are divided according to benefits to the community, such as social, economic, and environmental. Case studies show how difficult it is to identify involvement in individual goals and conflict with its strategy. The uniqueness of the chapter lies in the presentation of its self-evaluation tool, suitable especially for non-profit organizations.
Socio-Intercultural Entrepreneurship Capability Building and Development
Authors: Vargas-Hernández José G.
Published: July 2021

This study aims to analyze the socio-intercultural entrepreneurship as a capability building and development. The analysis departs from the assumption that entrepreneurship is a cultural embedded concept, although the intercultural category used in entrepreneurial studies has not been founded full conceptual, theoretical, and empirical support. Based on this existing research gap, this analysis reviews the literature to address the main issues of the socio-intercultural entrepreneurship focusing on the capability building and development to conclude that it is more situational context and environmentally oriented. The methodology used are the exploratory and analytical tools. Socio-intercultural entrepreneurship competence is highly related to situational context and environmentally dependent on awareness and understanding of cultural differences.
Sustainable Society With Responsible Consumption and Production
Authors: Dwarapureddi Bhavya Kavitha , Dash Swathi , Garika Nihanth Soury , Raj Aman , Vara Saritha
Published: July 2021

Contemporary consumption patterns are observed to be ever-growing leading to aggravated social and environmental problems. In order to achieve sustainable development and economic growth, a reduction in ecological footprint through changes in production and consumption of goods and resources is to be bought. In fact, the 12th goal of sustainable development aims at the same. This has made several researchers carry out studies on sustainable production and consumption, which have identified two distinct points, one being focused on the promotion of effective production methods and products while the other is emphasizing the need for considering volumes of the overall distribution, consumption issues, along with related institutional and social reforms. Furthermore, responsible consumption and production behaviors include intricate forms of social and environmental issues which are in line with sustainability. This chapter focuses on the need for sustainable responsible consumption and production, detailing the barriers and also providing measures to attain the same.
Let´s Talk SMAC
Authors: Linnes Cathrine
Published: July 2021

Social Mobile Analytics and Cloud – SMAC the new abbreviation that every business leader is thinking off. It is also part of everyone's lives these days. SMAC technologies are creating enormous opportunities across industries while the consumer willingly gives up personal information. Cloud technologies have made it possible to collect and store such large amounts of data. While each of these four technologies are able to enhance the business on its own, using these four technologies together as a stack has changed the way businesses are looking to maximize their customer base, enhance brand value and off course, increase company profit. For example, SMAC has forced businesses leaders to make analytics part of their marketing strategy and business operation as a whole.
More Cost-Effective but Confusing Advertising Options
Authors: Harvey Kenneth E.
Published: July 2021

Since 2006, American newspapers have lost nearly two-thirds of their advertising revenue, and a similar tipping point has now hit broadcast and cable television. In 2016, digital advertising expenditures in the U.S. surpassed TV advertising for the first time, and by 2021, digital is expected to surpass all traditional forms of advertising combined. Traditional advertising is dying, and the battle between the digital competitors is heating up, leading to diverse and rapidly changing advertising opportunities. And yet, marketing executives say they are confused and frustrated by all the changes. This chapter documents the new and continuing trends that are reshaping the advertising landscape.
Reaching Your Customers Using Facebook and Google Dynamic Ads
Authors: Semerádová Tereza , Weinlich Petr
Published: July 2021

Dynamic Product Ads (DPAs) and Dynamic Search Ads (DSAs) represent a type of online advertising primarily used for remarketing purposes. However, more and more advertisers can use DPA for acquisition campaigns as well. Dynamic ads are an integral part of the marketing strategies of all large e-shops and companies that have a product or service catalog. Dynamic advertising reduces the time and effort put into the creation of online advertisements and provides the highest level of personalized targeting possible. With a product catalog and a properly set pixel or tracking code, it is possible to create individually customized ads within seconds. This chapter tests the effectiveness of DPAs and DSAs within the context of the two greatest advertising platforms, Facebook and Google ads, and compares their performance against the manually optimized ad sets.
What Do Facebook Users Feel About Facebook Advertising?
Authors: Kang Yowei , Yang Kenneth C. C.
Published: July 2021

Because of its popularity and rapid growth, Facebook has become a viable advertising medium for corporations to communicate with their consumers. The experiences of Facebook users are important to ensure the success of any Facebook advertising campaign. This chapter reports the findings from a qualitative study using the Experience Sampling Method (ESM) after recruiting Facebook college participants in a large university in the Southwest U.S. The ESM technique is a powerful tool to collect data to demonstrate participants' actual experiences and reflections when using Facebook and Facebook advertising. The authors use a signal contingent protocol to record participants' experiences in using Facebook and Facebook advertising after prompting participants to record their using experiences randomly. The findings will help online advertising researchers to better understand the feasibility of using Facebook as a potential advertising medium through a non-survey-based method to better assess potential impacts on businesses.
Snacking Around the World
Authors: Hai-Jew Shalin
Published: July 2021

Social media platforms enable access to large image sets for research, but there are few if any non-theoretical approaches to image analysis, categorization, and coding. Based on two image sets labeled by the #snack hashtag (on Instagram), a systematic and open inductive approach to identifying conceptual image categories was developed, and unique research questions designed. By systematically categorizing imagery in a bottom-up way, researchers may (1) describe and assess the image set contents and categorize them in multiple ways independent of a theoretical framework (and its potential biasing effects); (2) conceptualize what may be knowable from the image set by the defining of research questions that may be addressed in the empirical data; (3) categorize the available imagery broadly and in multiple ways as a precursor step to further exploration (e.g., research design, image coding, and development of a research codebook). This work informs the exploration and analysis of mobile-created contents for open learning.
Dynamic Behavior Analysis of Railway Passengers
Authors: Bala Myneni Madhu , Ravilla Venkata Krishnaiah , Prasad V Kamakshi , Dandamudi Akhil
Published: July 2021

This chapter discusses mainly on dynamic behavior of railway passengers by using twitter data during regular and emergency situations. Social network data is providing dynamic and realistic data in various fields. As per the current chapter theme, if the twitter data of railway field is considered then it can be used for enhancement of railway services. Using this data, a comprehensive framework for modeling passenger tweets data which incorporates passenger opinions towards facilities provided by railways are discussed. The major issues elaborated regarding dynamic data extraction, preparation of twitter text content and text processing for finding sentiment levels is presented by two case studies; which are sentiment analysis on passenger's opinions about quality of railway services and identification of passenger travel demands using geotagged twitter data. The sentiment analysis ascertains passenger opinions towards facilities provided by railways either positive or negative based on their journey experiences.
Investigating the Impact of Social Media on Gen Y Employees' Engagement
Authors: Naim Mohammad Faraz , Lenka Usha
Published: July 2021

The study examines the influence of social media on Gen Y employees' engagement. Hypotheses are developed to explain the influence of social media on Gen Y employees' engagement. A sample of 256 Indian Gen Y employees from IT industry participated in the survey. Structural equation modeling is used to test the research hypotheses. Findings reveal that social media has a significant positive effect on Gen Y employees' engagement. It is revealed that social media moderates the relationship of HR practices (communication, collaboration; knowledge sharing and recognition) and engagement in Gen Y employees. While the scope of this study is limited to IT industry and results may not generalize to different industries in different regions. Hence, future studies should test the given hypotheses in different industries of different regions. The findings suggest that organizations should incorporate social media into their HR strategy. The study is one of the first to date, to empirically test the effect of social media on Gen Y employee engagement.
Creating Consumer-Based Brand Equity With Social Media Content Marketing
Authors: Weitzl Wolfgang
Published: July 2021

Due to the growing importance of company-initiated online brand communities (OBCs) like Facebook brand fan pages, details about consumers' perceptions of these sites need to be linked to their effects on customer-based brand equity. This research builds on Keller and Lehmann's brand value chain as the theoretical foundation and adopts the theory to fit the social media context. This approach enables the simultaneous evaluation of the impact of consumer online content perceptions on both fan-page engagement and consumers' brand mindset. Specifically, this research investigates the consumer-based outcomes of perceptions of content's vividness and interactivity as well as the effects of perceived information and entertainment value of brand posts. In addition, this empirical study evaluates the consequences of positive brand fans' comments for consumer online engagement (e.g., liking), brand awareness, image, and attitude. Results show that consumer-oriented brand pages can stimulate positive offline brand engagement such as loyalty and recommendation.
Leveraging Virtual Communities to Enhance Brand Equity
Authors: O'Reilly Kelley A. , Kelley Brett M. , Lancendorfer Karen M.
Published: July 2021

This chapter explores how one company leveraged motorsports to build brand credibility, establish powerful marketing relationships, and connect with distinctly different consumer groups via virtual brand communities. Companies with strong virtual communities may benefit from the case study suggestions that are provided and discussed based on the theoretical perspective of brand equity. Marketing scholars and practitioners alike may find this case study of interest due to the growing desire by companies to develop strong bonds with consumers and their interest in effectively leveraging virtual brand communities as a tool. Several practice recommendations for leveraging virtual communities to enhance brand equity are discussed.
Social Media, Interfacing Brands in Relation to the Social Media Ecosystem
Authors: Zook Ze , Salmon Ben
Published: July 2021

Much of the existing research in social media has been directed at examining the consequences of the interactive nature of the evolving medium and communication issues, with little to say about the impact of this medium on brands. Drawing on Fiske's relational model, this current chapter examines the interface between social media and brands, particularly on the breadth and the dimensions of the level of engagement. Social networks, such as Facebook and Twitter, are revolutionising the way companies market their products. New means of interaction and dialogue are used in part because of the inherent structure and features of these social media platforms. The chapter concludes by discussing the implications of the analysis for understanding of new terminology in the evolving marketing environment.
Role of Personalization in Shaping Attitudes Towards Social Media Ads
Authors: Aydin Gökhan
Published: July 2021

The present article aims to understand attitudes towards social media ads, one of the most recent and rapidly growing forms of digital advertisements. So far, little attention has been paid in developing countries to the most rapidly growing type of advertising and the present study aims to contribute to fill this research gap. A survey study was carried out to understand the attitudes using Ducoffe's advertising value model and extending it by the inclusion of “rewards” and “personalization” constructs. Facebook ads are used as a proxy for social media ads and a total of 327 questionnaires were collected from Turkish consumers, which were filtered down to 281 and analyzed using structural equation modelling. The findings indicate that credibility, personalization, informativeness and entertainment have direct positive effects on advertising value and have indirect effects on attitudes towards social media ads. Personalization emerged as a significant factor affecting all other related constructs.