bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Telomeric DNA sequences in beetle taxa vary with species richness
Authors: Prušáková Daniela , Peska Vratislav , Pekár Stano , Bubeník Michal , Čížek Lukáš , Bezděk Aleš , Čapková Frydrychová Radmila
Published: June 2021

Telomeres are protective structures at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes, and disruption of their nucleoprotein composition usually results in genome instability and cell death. Telomeric DNA sequences have generally been found to be exceptionally conserved in evolution, and the most common pattern of telomeric sequences across eukaryotes is (TxAyGz)nmaintained by telomerase. However, telomerase-added DNA repeats in some insect taxa frequently vary, show unusual features, and can even be absent. It has been speculated about factors that might allow frequent changes in telomere composition in Insecta. Coleoptera (beetles) is the largest of all insect orders and based on previously available data, it seemed that the telomeric sequence of beetles varies to a great extent. We performed an extensive mapping of the (TTAGG)nsequence, the ancestral telomeric sequence in Insects, across the main branches of Coleoptera. Our study indicates that the (TTAGG)nsequence has been repeatedly or completely lost in more than half of the tested beetle superfamilies. Although the exact telomeric motif in most of the (TTAGG)n-negative beetles is unknown, we found that the (TTAGG)nsequence has been replaced by two alternative telomeric motifs, the (TCAGG)nand (TTAGGG)n, in at least three superfamilies of Coleoptera. The diversity of the telomeric motifs was positively related to the species richness of taxa, regardless of the age of the taxa. The presence/absence of the (TTAGG)nsequence highly varied within the Curculionoidea, Chrysomeloidea, and Staphylinoidea, which are the three most diverse superfamilies within Metazoa. Our data supports the hypothesis that telomere dysfunctions can initiate rapid genomic changes that lead to reproductive isolation and speciation.
Conditioning the microenvironment for soft tissue regeneration in a cell free scaffold
Authors: Gerges Irini , Tamplenizza Margherita , Martello Federico , Koman Stefano , Chincarini Giulia , Recordati Camilla , Tamplenizza Mariacaterina , Guelcher Scott , Crestani Maurizio , Tocchio Alessandro
Published: June 2021

The use of cell-free scaffolds for the regeneration of clinically relevant volumes of soft tissue has been challenged, particularly in the case of synthetic biomaterials, by the difficulty of reconciling the manufacturing and biological performance requirements. Here, we investigated in vivo the importance of biomechanical and biochemical cues for conditioning the 3D regenerative microenvironment towards soft tissue formation. In particular, we evaluated the adipogenesis changes related to 3D mechanical properties by creating a gradient of 3D microenvironments with different stiffnesses using 3D Poly(Urethane-Ester-ether) PUEt scaffolds. Our results showed a significant increase in adipose tissue proportions while decreasing the stiffness of the 3D mechanical microenvironment. This mechanical conditioning effect was also compared with biochemical manipulation by loading extracellular matrices (ECMs) with a PPAR-γ activating molecule. Notably, results showed mechanical and biochemical conditioning equivalency in promoting adipose tissue formation in the conditions tested, suggesting that adequate mechanical signaling could be sufficient to boost adipogenesis by influencing tissue remodeling. Overall, this work could open a new avenue in the design of synthetic 3D scaffolds for microenvironment conditioning towards the regeneration of large volumes of soft and adipose tissue, with practical and direct implications in reconstructive and cosmetic surgery.
Gram-positive bacteria cell wall-derived lipoteichoic acid induces inflammatory alveolar bone loss through prostaglandin E production in osteoblasts
Authors: Tominari Tsukasa , Sanada Ayumi , Ichimaru Ryota , Matsumoto Chiho , Hirata Michiko , Itoh Yoshifumi , Numabe Yukihiro , Miyaura Chisato , Inada Masaki
Published: June 2021

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease associated with severe alveolar bone loss and is dominantly induced by lipopolysaccharide from Gram-negative bacteria; however, the role of Gram-positive bacteria in periodontal bone resorption remains unclear. In this study, we examined the effects of lipoteichoic acid (LTA), a major cell-wall factor of Gram-positive bacteria, on the progression of inflammatory alveolar bone loss in a model of periodontitis. In coculture of mouse primary osteoblasts and bone marrow cells, LTA induced osteoclast differentiation in a dose-dependent manner. LTA enhanced the production of PGE2 accompanying the upregulation of the mRNA expression of mPGES-1, COX-2 and RANKL in osteoblasts. The addition of indomethacin effectively blocked the LTA-induced osteoclast differentiation by suppressing the production of PGE2. Using ex vivo organ cultures of mouse alveolar bone, we found that LTA induced alveolar bone resorption and that this was suppressed by indomethacin. In an experimental model of periodontitis, LTA was locally injected into the mouse lower gingiva, and we clearly detected alveolar bone destruction using 3D-μCT. We herein demonstrate a new concept indicating that Gram-positive bacteria in addition to Gram-negative bacteria are associated with the progression of periodontal bone loss.
Inflammatory biomarkers in pregnant women with COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lombardi Andrea , Duiella Silvia , Li Piani Letizia , Comelli Agnese , Ceriotti Ferruccio , Oggioni Massimo , Muscatello Antonio , Bandera Alessandra , Gori Andrea , Ferrazzi Enrico
Published: June 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic viral disease affecting also obstetric patients and uncertainties exist about the prognostic role of inflammatory biomarkers and hemocytometry values in patients with this infection. To clarify that, we have assessed the values of several inflammatory biomarkers and hemocytometry variables in a cohort of obstetric patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and we have correlated the values at admission with the need of oxygen supplementation during the hospitalization. Overall, among 62 (27.3%) pregnant women and 165 (72.7%) postpartum women, 21 (9.2%) patients received oxygen supplementation and 2 (0.9%) required admission to intensive care unit but none died. During hospitalization leukocytes (p < 0.001), neutrophils (p < 0.001), neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio (p < 0.001) and C reactive protein (p < 0.001) decreased significantly, whereas lymphocytes (p < 0.001), platelets (p < 0.001) and ferritin (p = 0.001) increased. Lymphocyte values at admission were correlated with oxygen need, with a 26% higher risk of oxygen supplementation for each 1000 cells decreases. Overall, in obstetric patients hospitalized with COVID-19, C reactive protein is the inflammatory biomarker that better mirrors the course of the disease whereas D-dimer or ferritin are not reliable predictors of poor outcome. Care to the need of oxygen supplementation should be reserved to patients with reduced lymphocyte values at admission.
Metal–organic frameworks as proton conductors: strategies for improved proton conductivity
Authors: Biradha Kumar , Goswami Anindita , Moi Rajib , Saha Subhajit
Published: June 2021

Various innovative strategies and methodologies for the development of MOFs and coordination polymers based materials for high performance solid state proton conductors and proton exchange membranes are outlined.
Maternal n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids restructure gut microbiota of offspring mice and decrease their susceptibility to mammary gland cancer
Authors: Li Jiaomei , Wan Yi , Zheng Zhaohong , Zhang Huaqi , Li Yang , Guo Xiaofei , Li Kelei , Li Duo
Published: June 2021

Maternal diet rich in n-3 PUFA reducing the offspring's susceptibility to mammary cancer may partly explained by long-lasting restructuring of gut microbiota and the decreased pro-inflammatory factors.
Applications of triarylborane materials in cell imaging and sensing of bio-relevant molecules such as DNA, RNA, and proteins
Authors: Berger Sarina M. , Marder Todd B.
Published: June 2021

This review highlights recently developed biological applications of triarylboranes in cell imaging and as sensors for DNA, RNA, proteins, and bio-relevant small molecules using 1- and 2-photon excited fluorescence, Raman, and SERS.
Photocatalytic carbocarboxylation of styrenes with CO2for the synthesis of γ-aminobutyric esters
Authors: Hahm Hyungwoo , Kim Jiyun , Ryoo Jeong Yup , Han Min Su , Hong Sukwon
Published: June 2021

Photoredox-catalyzed metal-free carbocarboxylation of styrenes with carbon dioxide (CO2) and amines to obtainγ-aminobutyric ester derivatives has been developed (up to 91% yield, 36 examples).
Vesicular release dynamics are altered by the interaction between the chemical cargo and vesicle membrane lipids
Authors: Asadpour Farzaneh , Zhang Xin-Wei , Mazloum-Ardakani Mohammad , Mirzaei Meysam , Majdi Soodabeh , Ewing Andrew G.
Published: June 2021

The release of the cargo from soft vesicles, an essential process for chemical delivery, is mediated by multiple factors.
Tuning of the optoelectronic properties of peptide-appended core-substituted naphthalenediimides: the role of self-assembly of two positional isomers
Authors: Gayen Kousik , Hazra Soumyajit , Pal Arun K. , Paul Subir , Datta Ayan , Banerjee Arindam
Published: June 2021

Two isomeric peptide-appended core-substituted naphthalenediimides N1 and N2 show differences in the self-assembling packing pattern, morphology and electrical conductivity in the aggregated state.
Correction: Electroosmosis as a probe for electrostatic correlations
Authors: Palaia Ivan , Telles Igor M. , dos Santos Alexandre P. , Trizac Emmanuel
Published: June 2021

Correction for ‘Electroosmosis as a probe for electrostatic correlations’ by Ivan Palaia et al., Soft Matter, 2020, 16, 10688–10696, DOI: 10.1039/D0SM01523G.
Stock values predictions using deep learning based hybrid models
Authors: Yadav Konark , Yadav Milind , Saini Sandeep
Published: June 2021

Predicting the correct values of stock prices in fast fluctuating high‐frequency financial data is always a challenging task. A deep learning‐based model for live predictions of stock values is aimed to be developed here. The authors' have proposed two models for different applications. The first one is based on Fast Recurrent Neural Networks (Fast RNNs). This model is used for stock price predictions for the first time in this work. The second model is a hybrid deep learning model developed by utilising the best features of FastRNNs, Convolutional Neural Networks, and Bi‐Directional Long Short Term Memory models to predict abrupt changes in the stock prices of a company. The 1‐min time interval stock data of four companies for a period of one and three days is considered. Along with the lower Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), the proposed models have low computational complexity as well, so that they can also be used for live predictions. The models' performance is measured by the RMSE along with computation time. The model outperforms Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average, FBProphet, LSTM, and other proposed hybrid models on both RMSE and computation time for live predictions of stock values.
A game‐theory analysis of the subsidy withdrawal policy for China's photovoltaic power generation industry
Authors: Wang Jianliang , Geng Xu , Hu Hui , Xiong Wanfang , Burns Kelly
Published: June 2021

Over the past decade, the feed‐in‐tariff (FIT) subsidy policy of China has driven rapid growth in the photovoltaic power generation (PPG) industry. China now boasts the largest installed capacity of PPG around the world. However, the policy‐driven expansion of the PPG industry has not brought about a simultaneous improvement in quality. PPG costs remain high and it is difficult to sustain PPG competitiveness. Therefore, it is imperative to gradually withdraw from the implementation of photovoltaic subsidies. Using a game theory approach, this study investigates the impact of subsidy exit policy on China's PPG industry. The results show that stimulating research and development (R&D) can be difficult under current uncertain subsidy withdrawal plan. The government should announce the plan of subsidy reduction with clear adjustment as well as corresponding effective dates. In addition, under the condition of government‐controlled prices, the social welfare of the monopoly market is higher than that in the competitive market. In order to achieve the same technological progress and target output, the total cost (including enterprise cost and government expenditure) in competitive market is higher than that in monopoly market, which is caused by repeated R&D investment and technical cost. Technical cooperation could lower costs and increase profits, and is therefore recommended.
A robust state estimator against constant measurement delay based on the sensitivity penalisation of model‐parameter errors for systems with no exogenous inputs
Authors: He Qiunong , Liu Huabo , Duan Qianwen , Mao Yao
Published: June 2021

In this study, a class of linear system, which is with no exogenous input and suffered from constant measurement delay and uncertain model‐parameter errors, is under consideration. To combat both the parametric uncertainties and constant measurement delay, a novel robust state estimator is proposed. Accounting for the constant measurement delay, a clever approach is utilised to expand the state vector and the system model is converted into an augmented delay‐free model. Considering the deterioration of estimation performance caused by stochastic model‐parameter errors, the sensitivity penalisation function of model‐parameter errors is defined and introduced into the objective function of the regularised least‐squares (RLS) problem, whose solution is the standard Kalman filter. Furthermore, by restricting the range of introduced parameter, the objective function of the modified RLS problem is converted into a strict convex function. Then, the recursive procedure of the proposed estimator is derived. The asymptotic stability conditions of the proposed estimator and the conditions for boundness of the estimation error matrix are given. Numerical simulations show the effectiveness of the estimator proposed in this paper.
Self‐oscillating isolated‐buck (fly‐buck) converter
Authors: Zaikin Denys Igorovych
Published: June 2021

This study presents a self‐oscillating fly‐buck converter. The primary objective of this research is to lower the final bill of materials cost of a fly‐buck converter. The fly‐buck converter is based on a relaxation self‐oscillation circuit. The main transformer is updated with two additional auxiliary windings for positive feedback implementation. The turn ratios of these windings are estimated, and criteria for a stable oscillation mode are developed. A switching frequency formula is also provided. Furthermore, an example start‐up circuit is proposed and calculated. Output voltage stabilisation is implemented and demonstrated to work with 10% variations in input voltage. The experimental data and design procedure are presented along with a comparison of the proposed fly‐buck converter against conventional fly‐buck converters. The converter is optimised for maximum efficiency, with an efficiency of demonstrated at 20 W output power. The proposed self‐oscillating circuit can also be implemented in a conventional synchronous buck converter. The Maxima software code for automated calculation of the converter is supplied as supplemental active media content.
Design of a mechanical knee joint for an exoskeleton
Authors: Deda Jakub , Mirosław Tomasz
Published: June 2021

The main problem of designing a lower limb exoskeleton for healthy people is allowing unconstrained movement along with providing sufficient load carrying capability. It is not a simple task since most of the human body joints have more than one degree of freedom. A designed mechanical equivalent should imitate these movements being outside the human body. Due to this, the mechanical joints must provide shortening or elongation of the structure during load carrying. Authors present biomechanical analyzes of a knee joint and propose a design of a mechanical equivalent of this joint that can be applied in exoskeletons. Additionally, laboratory trials proved suitability of this solution.
Measurement of flow characteristics of a gear hydraulic pump by simulating the operating load of the tractor’s hydraulic system
Authors: Hujo Ľubomír , Jablonický Juraj , Borowski Sylwester , Kaszkowiak Jerzy , Michalides Matej
Published: June 2021

The results of the work include research on changes in flow characteristics of gear hydraulic pump QHD 17 by simulating operating conditions on laboratory test equipment with assessment of influence of transmission-hydraulic fluid MOL Farm NH Ultra on technical and operational properties of hydraulic pump QHD 17. The laboratory test equipment makes it possible to repeatedly simulate real conditions under which the hydraulic system of the agricultural tractor operates, or to simulate the load with maximum pressure. By monitoring the change in the flow of the hydraulic pump at precisely determined intervals, which were 0 and 125 hours worked, the influence of the physical properties of the working fluid on the flow properties of the hydraulic pump was assessed and the measured data set was evaluated by mathematical-statistical analysis. Based on the physical properties of the tested MOL Farm NH Ultra fluid, which were determined from the samples taken at precisely determined intervals, no negative effect of the fluid itself as well as its properties on the flow efficiency of hydraulic pump QHD 17 was found.
Development of a design concept for a prototype transport device using the Design Thinking method
Authors: Mazurek Bartosz , Mamala Jarosław
Published: June 2021

The article presents the development of a multifunctional prototype transport device mounted on a towing hook of a passenger car, used to transport motorcycles and light four-wheeled vehicles, based on the Design Thinking method. The device, in its original design, has obtained patent protection from the Patent Office [1]. The use of the device in real road conditions requires the solution of many technical, ergonomic, endurance and functional problems, and in the final phase the implementation of the final device. The authors of the study presented the most important construction works described in terms of the analysis of the key strength nodes of the transport device. The boundary conditions for the weight of the device and the forces acting on the device were based on literature data on the load capacity of hooks used in passenger vehicles, the weight of motorcycles in accordance with the classification, which was verified in the identification tests on the real model, taking into account the height of the front wheel suspension of the transported motorcycle. According to the data analysis, the mass of the transport device should oscillate within 10 kg, and the reference point for the construction work is the prototype model made of s235 steel with a net weight of 28 kg. On this basis, the work presents simulations of a static load with the determination of stresses in the material, deformation and mass calculation for various design versions. In the final stage, the target construction version, designed from two materials, i.e. steel s235 and aluminium 6081, was compared. As a result of the analysis, the target construction reduced the weight of the transport device by 17 kg.
SEM analysis of PA38-T6 aluminum alloy thin-walled tubular specimen fatigue fracture, and comparison to surface replication results
Authors: Seyda Jan , Pejkowski Łukasz
Published: June 2021

The paper presents results of SEM analysis of fatigue fracture surface of thin-walled tubular specimen manufactured from PA38-T6 aluminum alloy. In the previous research specimens were subjected to multiaxial loadings. They were axial, torsional, in-phase, 90º out-of-phase and asynchronous loadings. During the fatigue experiments, the process of initiation and development of cracks was tracked using the surface replication technique, using cellulose acetate thin foils. In the present work, SEM observations of fatigue fracture surface were conducted and compared to previously obtained data. It was confirmed, that the dominating mechanism of fatigue crack formation was the coalescence of small crack, regardless of loading type and level.
Improving efficiency and lowering operating costs of evaporative cooling
Authors: Taler Jan , Jagieła Bartosz , Jaremkiewicz Magdalena
Published: June 2021

Cooling towers, or so-called evaporation towers, use the natural effect of water evaporation to dissipate heat in industrial and comfort installations. Water, until it changes its state of aggregation, from liquid to gas, consumes energy (2.257 kJ/kg). By consuming this energy, it lowers the air temperature to the wet-bulb temperature, thanks to which the medium can be cooled below the ambient temperature. Evaporative solutions are characterized by continuous water evaporation (approx. 1.5% of the total water flow) and low electricity consumption (high EER). Evaporative (adiabatic) cooling also has a positive effect on the reduction of electricity consumption of cooled machines. Lowering the relative humidity (RH) by approx. 2% lowers the wet-bulb temperature by approx. 0.5°C, which increases the efficiency of the tower, operating in an open circuit, expressed in kW, by approx. 5%, while reducing water consumption and treatment costs. The use of the M-Cycle (Maisotsenko cycle) to lower the temperature of the wet thermometer to the dew point temperature will reduce operating costs and increase the efficiency of cooled machines.
Experimental assessment of the formation of professional competencies of students who are future managers in higher educational institutions
Authors: Neparko M.V.
Published: June 2021

The author considers modern pedagogical technologies, which are reflected in the article. A special place is occupied by the experimental part-testing, which was attended by 60 students of 2-5 courses of the university. The study showed that university students are characterized by insufficient knowledge of the language, culture, historical past, traditions and customs of their own and other peoples, as well as insufficient tolerance and goodwill, manifested in feelings, assessments and behavior towards representatives of other nationalities. On the basis of a scientific and analytical study of the formation of intercultural competencies among students of higher educational institutions, it became possible to draw an exhaustive conclusion about the need to introduce a course of lectures in the variable part of the curriculum, which includes a discipline of choice in the amount of 1/3 at the level of higher education "master". Such lectures will allow you to delve deeper into the issues of intercultural and interethnic communication, the development of speech communication, which is due to the needs of professional practice.
The model of development of a professional competence of future teachers on the basis of a personality-centered approach
Authors: Abbasova L.I.
Published: June 2021

The article describes specific features of the development of professional competence of future teachers. The development of the professional competence of future teachers on the basis of the personality-centered approach is aimed at changing personal readiness for the process of implementing their future professional and pedagogical activities. Different views of scientists on the definition of “professional competence” are considered. The model of developing personal and professional competence of future teachers is presented, which consists of four components: target; content-organizational; diagnostic and reflexive-prognostic component. The main forms of work with students within the framework of the presented model are interactive technologies for conducting classes, consisting of four components: target; content-organizational; by means of facilitating the processes of self-actualization and self-development, etc. An important role is given to individual work with students, pedagogical support in building individual routes for each future teacher. Independent activity presupposes work on one's own personality, with one’s own inner world for the purpose of self-improvement and use of the Self-Observation Diary. The knowledge and experience gained are further implemented as a result of practical training of students at the bases of specialized organizations. The results of experimental activities on the implementation of the model of development of professional competence of future teachers in practice are described.
Psychological and pedagogical aspects of ethnocultural identity formation in the Russian scientific discourse
Authors: Zakiryanova I.A. , Redkina L.I. , Bura L.V.
Published: June 2021

In this article the problem of ethnocultural identity formation is considered in the context of the personal development problem, namely, as a person’s awareness of oneself, one’s environment as well as of oneself in one’s relations with other people. Along with the genetically determined prerequisites, ethnocultural identity formation is influenced by sociocultural factors, a person’s real life. The ethnocultural identity phenomenon is closely related to the methodological understanding of the foundations of deep, fundamental life meanings, values, and priorities. Ethnocultural identity and everything that relates to it – roots, historical destinies, ethnic culture, historical memory – are the most important values and life meanings of every person.
Psychological, pedagogical, and digital aspects of distance learning in Kazakhstan in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Burakanova G.M. , Orazgaliyeva A.G. , Pinaev S.M.
Published: June 2021

Аbstract.

The article provides an assessment by the participants of the educational process (students, teachers, administration) of the transition to distance learning in educational organizations in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, based on a survey conducted in all regions of Kazakhstan. The results of the study showed that the emergency transition of universities to distance learning in connection with the pandemic declared by WHO had a significant impact on the quality and organization of the pedagogical process. This is largely due to the insufficient level of readiness of the relevant state bodies to ensure the material and technical transition to distance learning linked to the previous low rates of digitalization of infrastructure and the ways of interaction between relevant government agencies and educational institutions of the country. Most of the students studied using a smartphone, which signals the lack of a high-quality and efficient educational online platform. The results of the study revealed the need for diversified psychological, pedagogical, and methodological training of teachers in the framework of cyber pedagogy.
Influence of a university teacher virtual image on the students’ morality character
Authors: Burakanova G.M. , Maimakova A.A. , Tsaregorodtseva S.S.
Published: June 2021

The ability to form a positive image of a university teacher is one of the most significant aspect for increasing the prestige and influence of this profession. The relevance of the topic depends on the situation that arose against the background of the COVID-19 pandemic and the forced move to remote learning. The authors of the article analyzed the studies of Kazakhstani and foreign experts on the image phenomenon. There is given a definition of the essential content of the “image” concept. There have been determined the criteria for matching the categories of components that make up the image. There have been identified the functions of the teacher’s image in education. There are determined main characteristics of a university teacher’s image. A number of technologies for formation of a positive image of a teacher are described. The article presents the results of a study conducted among students of a Kazakhstani higher educational institution. The research identified the main image-forming qualities of a modern teacher and their impact on the educational process. The authors propose own technology for creating a positive image of a university teacher based on the results of the study and studied theoretical foundation.
Motivation fostering through gaming technologies
Authors: Ageenko N.V. , Rybkina A.A. , Startseva N.V.
Published: June 2021

Modern educational strategies are focused on the formation of new students’ life attitudes and personal characteristics: today it is important to develop cognitive skills and promote educational motivation. The ways of fostering motivation of students at the initial stage are discussed in the paper. In this article, special attention is paid to the theoretical issues of teaching English, moreover, methodological foundations of teaching English with the help of gaming technology are reviewed. The analysis of psychological, pedagogical, methodological literature made it possible to reveal the theoretical basis of the problem and create a specific approach for stimulating students’ motivation. The article presents a set of developed didactic games that enhance motivation in the process of teaching the English language at the primary stage. The authors have studied in detail the problem of using game and play activity at English lessons, have identified its positive effect on learning, training and revising of educational material. A number of didactic requirements for games are examined, thus identified the necessity to take into account the age of learners, their interests, as well as the correct approach to involve each student in the game. The most relevant game technologies are considered separately, and their effectiveness (or inefficiency) is confirmed by means of an experiment. The authors prove the obtained results with reference to statistic sign test as it is considered to be one of the most effective and promising in scientific-analytical and reflexive research. Authors’ theoretical and experimental research has shown the possibility of forming motivation of junior students by means of using didactic games and substantiated the importance of their use to achieve the goal.
Professional and personal development of university students as an axiological resource
Authors: Arishina E.S. , Lesher O.V. , Starovojtova L.I.
Published: June 2021

The article deals with the conceptual provisions of the professional and personal development of university students as an axiological resource. The review and analysis of the pedagogical theory and practice of scientific literature is carried out. The features of modern professional training of university students are revealed. The definition of the category “professional and personal development of university students” is given. The developed model of the value attitude of university students to professional activity, contributing to professional and personal development, is proposed.
The development of achievement motivation among students
Authors: Egorov D.E. , Egorycheva E.V. , Pleshakov A.A.
Published: June 2021

There are topics of development achievement motivation among students and learning activity efficiency improvement in elective subjects like physical culture and sport under consideration in this article. The efficiency improvement in elective subjects like physical culture and sport is always of much interest to experts (education, medicine, sociology etc.). Achievement motivation search as a major point of efficiency appears especially relevant. The topics of development achievement motivation have been considered, and the issues prevented to achieve success and reduce the motivation during physical culture and sport subjects have been defined.
Implementation of modeling elements and 3D printing technology for chemical objects in the educational process within the framework of the “University – School” interaction system
Authors: Zolotareva N.V. , Resnyanskaya A.S. , Ocheredko Yu.A.
Published: June 2021

The article describes the experience of mutually beneficial cooperation of educational institutions in the framework of the interaction system “University – School” on the example of chemical education. The article describes in detail the stages of preparation and implementation of modern technological tools – elements of modeling and 3D printing in the educational process with the participation of schoolchildren and senior students of bachelor’s and master’s degrees. The considered model of interaction increases the effectiveness of the teacher’s career guidance, so, in the process, the key tasks are implemented: a) introducing students to the skills of chemical modeling and practical application; b) improving teachers, reloading knowledge, skills and abilities in explaining basic concepts; c) practice-oriented training of senior students. It is established that the introduction of 3D printing technology in chemical education makes it possible to simplify the explanation of complex sections and eliminate the tension in the assimilation of new material. The article presents implemented examples of 3D-printed models created by schoolchildren under the guidance of students and teachers. The stages of preparation of materials, software, switching from 2D to 3D model of the object and direct printing on a 3D printer take up most of the time.
Formation of bilingual competence of future teachers of preschool and primary education in the Crimea
Authors: Abibullaeva E.E.
Published: June 2021

The problem of specially trained bilingual teachers remains very relevant for the educational institutions of Crimea. On the one hand, the needs of society, parents, ready to train and educate children in preschool and primary educational institutions of Crimea are growing. On the other hand, there is a problem in the level of knowledge of the state, native Crimean Tatar language of preschool children, and from the third side - the preparation of qualified bilingual teachers. The researches of V.F. Gabdulkhakov, A.M. Gareeva, M.T. Gizzatullina, R.R. Devletov, L.L. Salekhova, F.F. Harisov, Ch.M. Harisova etc. are dedicated to the problems of the preparation of a bilingual teacher in the conditions of developing Russian-national bilingualism in Russia. Substantive studies on this problem were conducted abroad by R. Aliev, N. Kazhe, M. Siguan, U.F. Makki, E. Yu. Protasova, N.M. Rodina and others.
Formation of health culture in the context of digitalization of education
Authors: Kramskoy S.I. , Amelchenko I.A. , Egorov D.E.
Published: June 2021

The article studies the issues related to the use of digital technologies in organization of the educational process of distance learning and testing the quality of the digested educational material in the disciplines of Physical Culture and Sports. The advantages and disadvantages of distance learning organization are revealed. The problems of increasing students’ involvement into arranging independent wellness classes are analyzed. The developed electronic information and educational system is an integral part of the program for health culture formation in the context of digitalization of education. The components of the module allow you to distantly teach and test the quality of the digested educational material, as well as to ensure the control of students’ fitness shape. The use of modern tools of digital technologies helps to increase students’ interest in their classes.
Moral normativity as a factor motivating the success of a modern teacher
Authors: Paigunova Yu.V. , Appakova-Shogina N.Z. , Gut A.V.
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the theoretical and empirical study of the relationship between the moral normativity of a professional teacher and the motivation for success. The article analyzes the concept of moral normativity (from the point of view of the proposed conventional approaches) as a predictor of the teacher's professional activity. In the context of the study of the influence of moral normativity on the success of professional activity, the authors turn to the phenomenon of "macchiavelism", which reflects the existence of a high correlation of the need to achieve goals with a low moral normativity of the individual.The empirical part of the study presents the results of the correlation analysis of the indicator of moral normativity with various indicators that determine the motivation for success, on a sample of 150 future teachers of physical culture and sports profile (graduates of the Volga State University of Physical Culture, Sports and Tourism, Kazan). The results obtained indicate the ambiguity of the relationship between moral normativity and motivation for success in the context of professional pedagogical activity.
Research of factors influencing the process of adaptation of first-year students to the conditions of higher educational institution
Authors: Kuvshinova I.A. , Brovina S.S. , Vybornova D.A.
Published: June 2021

The article presents an analysis of the results of the study of the physiological, psychological, social and motivational characteristics of students. The logic of research led to the use of a complex of such research methods as theoretical methods (analysis, synthesis, refinement of concepts), empirical methods (questioning, testing, self-assessment, methods of statistical information processing). Compiled a detailed percentage of the degree of influence of various factors on the course of the process of adaptation of students to new learning conditions. A detailed analysis of all evaluated criteria was carried out, and the adaptation features of the state of first-year students were disclosed. The results of the study can be useful to teachers, curators and representatives of administrative management positions of a higher educational institution in organizing the conditions of the educational process.
Features of emotional burnout among teachers of higher education institutions
Authors: Politika O.I. , Salnikova E.P. , Yevtushenko E.M.
Published: June 2021

The article discusses and describes in detail the specifics of equipping the system of higher professional education with tools of modern pedagogical technologies – game technologies that have a significant impact on the quality of professional training of future specialists and their motivation to obtain general and special competencies. The most relevant game technologies are considered separately, and their effectiveness (or inefficiency) is confirmed by means of a survey of leading teachers of the Crimea who actively use game technologies in their teaching practice. The author compares the opinions of various scientists (both practitioners and theoretical researchers) who address the study of the system of modern pedagogical technologies in general and game technologies in particular, on the basis of which a comprehensive conclusion is made, which is reflected in the final part of the article. A special place in the structure of the study is occupied by the selected key method – a questionnaire based on data provided by more than 100 teachers of higher and secondary professional education.
Preparing educators for work in an inclusive educational environment of a preschool educational organization
Authors: Rodionova O.N. , Denisova L.L. , Ovcharenko E.N.
Published: June 2021

The article considered the essence of training educators to work in an inclusive educational environment of a preschool educational organization. The problems and contradictions of inclusive practice in the conditions of a preschool educational organization are considered, which is confirmed by a SWOT-analysis of the educational activities of a preschool educational organization in conditions of inclusion. This method is one of the most effective and promising methods of scientific-analytical and reflective research, which is especially important in the framework of pedagogical science. The authors reveal the content of the components of the readiness of educators to implement inclusive practice in a preschool educational organization. In addition, a significant segment of the research is devoted to the consideration of the structure, components and levels of readiness of educators to work in an inclusive educational environment of a preschool educational organization. Based on this, an exhaustive conclusion is made, which is reflected in the final part of the article.
Self-regulation as a way to prevent professional burnout of teachers of higher education institutions
Authors: Timerbulatov I.F. , Khabibullina I.R. , Tulitbaeva G.F.
Published: June 2021

This article is devoted to the study of the issues of identifying the optimal working conditions of a teacher of a higher educational institution and the significant characteristics of the style of his activity (in particular, the peculiarities of the style of self-regulation) allows us to identify the factors that prevent the development of professional burnout. The significance of the work also lies in the possibility of using the results of the study both in the process of preventing professional burnout of teachers, and in conducting scientific research on such topics. The research materials can become the basis for educational work. In this regard, an experimental study is becoming relevant, the purpose of which is to study the influence of professional burnout on the individual style of pedagogical activity of a higher school teacher.
Assessment of the level of readiness of future teachers to create psychological safety in the educational environment
Authors: Tyurenkova S.A. , Shumakova A.V. , Tsvirko N.I.
Published: June 2021

A wide range of potential risks and threats in each educational activity segment determines the need to create the safety of educational subjects. It requires improving teachers’ training to create a safe educational environment and the formation of a safety culture in the younger generation. As a vital component of the educational environment’s integrated safety, the authors of the article consider psychological safety, in the provision of which the professional and personal competencies of the teacher in the field of self-regulation, self-government, and self-development play a unique role. The study aims to assess the level of neuropsychic stability of students of a pedagogical higher educational institution and identify the degree of development of their ability to self-government. The article presents the results of an empirical study of these indicators. More than 300 students - future teachers who are in different years of their studies - took part in the survey, which made it possible to assess the dynamics of the competencies formation. The data obtained made it possible to determine the directions for improving the institute’s work in the formation of the future teachers’ competencies necessary to create and maintain a safe, educational environment.
Friending with a teacher as a way of forming meaningful life strategies of a future educator
Authors: Koykova E.I. , Buzni V.A. , Lobachova N.A.
Published: June 2021

The article contains an analysis of the concept of a semantic sphere as a structure-forming component of a person’s meaningful life strategies. The necessity of using friending as a way to form life-sense orientations of a future teacher, as well as the importance of self-actualization and self-development for successful professional activity are substantiated. The article analyzes structural components of the meaningful concept of the personality of a future teacher. The study presents diagnostic tools, the results of the experiment, as well as a program for the formation of meaningful life strategies for a future teacher.
Application of various forms of information and communication technologies in the context of distance learning
Authors: Platonova A.V. , Yartseva E.Ya. , Shvedova L.E.
Published: June 2021

The article shows the possibility of using information technology in the context of distance learning. The teaching process is always based on the transferring of information from teacher to student. As to distance education, the most important are the following: educational information; educational technologies; information technology. When choosing methods for usage in distance learning, it is important to take into account that certain methods are best suited to the characteristics of the trainees, the specifics of particular subject areas and the general types of educational tasks and exercises. Distance learning network technologies are especially important when organizing joint educational programs, since they allow the most complete implementation of the principles of the distribution of educational and human resources. The article reveals the forms of information and communication technologies used in modern higher educational institutions in the field of digital education. The mandate for the usage of ICT in education is being clarified. Various educational tools using ICT have several aspects, including: stimuli, information, education and methods. The empirical research was carried out on the basis of the analysis of social networks in the context of distance learning.
Formation of social initiative of students by means of coaching technology
Authors: Savchenko L.V. , Vovk E.V. , Pravdyuk O.V.
Published: June 2021

This article reveals the method of developing of social initiative with the help of coaching technology. The article describes an empirical study conducted by the authors that demonstrates the effectiveness of using coaching technology as an innovative method of developing students’ social initiative. The authors confirm the urgency of the study, focusing on the fact that the content of the requirements imposed on a person by the social environment has changed, and in modern Russia, university graduates should be independent and their work which is carried out within the framework of the program for the development of youth social initiative is effective.
Invasive und nicht-invasive außerklinische Beatmung in Deutschland
Authors: Schwarz Sarah Bettina , Wollsching-Strobel Maximilian , Majorski Daniel Sebastian , Magnet Friederike Sophie , Mathes Tim , Windisch Wolfram
Published: June 2021

Hintergrund Die Zahl der außerklinisch beatmeten Patienten in Deutschland ist seit Jahren steigend. Allerdings liegen detaillierte Daten zur stationären Einleitung sowie stationären Kontrolle einer außerklinischen Beatmung nicht vor. Dies erscheint allerdings zwingend notwendig, um die Versorgungsstrukturen in Deutschland bestmöglich auszurichten. Hierbei ist es wichtig, auch regionale Unterschiede zu berücksichtigen, um die Versorgungsstrukturen bedarfsgerecht zu planen.

Methode Analysiert wurden die Datensätze des Statistischen Bundesamtes über die OPS (Operation and Procedure Classification System)-Kennziffern zur außerklinischen Beatmung in der stationären Patientenversorgung im Zeitraum von 2008–2019 (N = 572 494).

Ergebnisse Erstens: Zwischen 2008 und 2019 hat sich die Zahl der Einleitungen und Kontrollen mehr als verdoppelt. Die Zahl der Neueinleitungen (N = 17 958) und der Kontrollen (N = 49 140) war im Jahr 2019 am höchsten. Zusätzlich zeigt sich die Entwicklung der außerklinischen Beatmung auf Bundeslandebene sehr heterogen. Die Anstiege sind dabei insbesondere auf die Steigerung der nicht-invasiv beatmeten Patienten zurückzuführen.

Schlussfolgerung Die rasante Entwicklung in der außerklinischen Beatmung stößt an kapazitäre Grenzen der bestehenden Versorgungsstruktur. Zukünftige Versorgungsstrukturen sollten eine engere Verzahnung zwischen ambulanter und stationärer Medizin erlauben, um Patienten mit außerklinischer Beatmung mit hoher Behandlungsqualität versorgen zu können, ohne die personellen und ökonomischen Grenzen des Systems zu sprengen.