bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nannofossil distribution in the late Jurassic- Naokelekan and Barsarin Formations, Miran Oil field, well-2-, Kurdistan, Northeastern Iraq
Authors: Kharajiany Soran , Mohialdeen Ibrahim
Published: August 2018

The Naokelekan and Barsarin Formations of the Upper Jurassic are studied in the oil well Miran -2- at the Sulaimani area of Kurdistan. The study is focused on the determination ofnannofossil contents and age of both rock units. Based on the calcareous nannofossil marker species, twelve cutting samples were selected from both formations in that well. The lithology of the Naokelekan Formation is dominated by black shale, and some white rock fragments, while the lithology of the Barsarin Formation is characterized by high abundance of darkgrey and grey limestone towards bottom, where the ratio of milky- white limestone is increased upward. The nannofossil species that identified for the first time here areConusphaera mexicana, Polycostella senaria, Nannoconus compressus, Helenea staurolithina, Watznaueria britannica, Watznaueria barnesiae, Lotharingius hauffii, Faviconus multicolumnatus and Parhabdolithus robustus. This assemblage proved the Late Jurassic; the index nannofossils and biostratigraphic zonation indicated that the age of theNaokelekan Formation is dated back to Early Tithonian, and the Barsarin Formation to late Early-Middle Tithonian. Preservation of the calcareous nannofossils in the well is bad to moderate. The calcite grains are re-crystallized and caused difficulty in the identification.
Iron-copper mineralization associated with metagabbro in Mirawa Village, Kurdistan region, northeastern Iraq
Authors: Yara Irfan , Mohammad Yousif
Published: August 2018

Mirawa iron-copper mineralization in Mirawa village, Kurdistan region, occurs as a zone of 15 m thick within the metagabbro of the Mawat Ophiolite. It is hosted by brecciatedamphibolite facies gabbroic rocks with a northwest–southeast trending shear zone. Amphibole, magnetite, plagioclase, quartz, epidote, chlorite, clinopyroxene and chalcopyriterepresent the mineral constitutes of metagabbro. Metamorphic conditions have been estimated from the green metamorphic amphibole replacing primary magmatic clinopyroxene (M1, 500 < T < 560 °C; 4.3 < P < 5.2 kbar) and retrograde actinolite (white amphibole) replacing the green amphibole due to continuous decreasing pressure and temperature (M2, 415 < T < 480 °C; 1.9 < P < 2.3 kbar). Occurrence of quartz with ironcopper mineralization hydrothermal fluids played a significant role during metamorphism. Chlorite and epidote were formed at the late stage of metamorphism. Iron-copper mineralization occurred in two paragenetic stages. Coarse grains of magnetite, chalcopyrite and pyrite formed during the first stage of mineralization representing syngenetic mineralization. Magnetite is the main Fe-ore mineral and it is characterized by large euhedral to subhedral grains with ilmenite exsolution lamellae. The second stage is epigenetic where mineralization is characterized by the formation of secondary minerals, replacing the primary minerals. Hematite replaces primary magnetite along the rim. Chalcopyrite, pyrite and magnetite were replaced by goethite whereas covellite overgrows chalcopyrite forming a corona texture. Fine-grained idomorphic aggregates of magnetite are dominant in the second stage and seem to be formed from iron liberated from pyroxene and other iron-bearing minerals. Microstructural orientation of the coarse-grained magnetite indicates a NW-SE direction for the maximum stretching of strain ellipse.
Reservoir characterization of the Dokan and Gulneri Formations (Upper Cretaceous) from selected wells in Khabbaz Oil Field, Kirkuk area, Northern Iraq
Authors: Qader Fouad
Published: August 2018

The evaluations of reservoir characterization for Cretaceous Dokan and Gulneri Formationshave been selected for this study in Khabbaz Oil Field- Northern Iraq. The CenomanianDokan Formation is an open marine oligosteginal limestone ranged in thickness between 21and 29 meters in this field, and it is overlain by 11 to 14m thick of Gulneri Shale Formation,both are underlying by the thick rock unit of Qamchuqa Formation (Mauddud and Shu'aiba).The full set log data for the seven wells of (Kz-1, Kz-3, Kz-4, Kz-5, Kz-11, Kz-14, and Kz-16) were available, also some general data derived from the wells (Kz-2, Kz-6, Kz-7, Kz-8,Kz-9, Kz-10, Kz-12, Kz-13, Kz-15, and Kz-21). The log data have been used in evaluatingthe reservoir properties of the two rock units. The detected lithologies from Neutron-Densitycombination log showed that Dokan Formation is mostly limestone dominated, and theGulneri Formation is shale rock. From the log data different type of reservoir properties (claycontent, porosity, fracture index, and gas crossover) have been estimated. Additional coresample measurements (capillary pressure, porosity, permeability, and thin sections) were usedfor supplementary analysis.
Current approaches to alternative therapy in menopausal syndrome (a review)
Authors: Mamontova A. G. , Usoltseva Е. N.
Published: August 2018

Vasomotor symptoms are most common signs of the menopausal syndrome. Frequent episodes of flushes and hyperhidrosis affect sleep, mood, and quality of life. Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) remains the «gold standard» of treatment. However, some women have contraindications to MHT, and others refuse to take hormones due to personal reasons. In such cases, alternative therapy may become an option. This article presents a review of the literature regarding the role of alternative therapy in the treatment of vasomotor symptoms. We searched Russian and international data bases for pharmacological products (natural and synthetic) used to relieve menopausal flushes. The review presents medication registered in the Russian Federation as well as products used abroad.
Transient deficiency of antithrombin during pregnancy in a woman with a history of reproductive losses
Authors: Buzyan L. O. , Chulkov V. S.
Published: August 2018

Antithrombin deficiency is associated with a high risk of thrombotic events and obstetric complications. Even under an antithrombotic therapy, adverse pregnancy outcomes may occur. We present a case of successful pregnancy completion in a woman with newly diagnosed antithrombin deficiency and a history of miscarriages without thrombotic events. In the postpartum period, her antithrombin level restored to normal.
Screening of Sunflower Genotypes for Potassium Use Efficiency in Irrigated Soil Condition
Authors: Jamro Sobia Baby , Talpur Naheed Akhtar , Sootahar Mukesh Kumar , Shah Zial Ul Hassan , Sootahar Mahendar Kumar , Panhwar Ayaz Ali
Published: August 2018

A field experiment was conducted during summer 2016 to screen out sunflower (Helianthus annuusL.) genotypes for their potassium (K) use efficiency ratio. Eight sunflower genotypes were tested; Samsung 20, Mehran 2, Ho-1, Melabour, Samsung 30, Valugur, Chinika and Sputnik in randomised complete block design (RCBD) with the two treatments comprised of potassium at (50 and 0 kg K ha-1) along with source (SOP) recommended dose fertilizer respectively. The results revealed that the treated and control plots (50 and 0 kg K ha-1) produced different values for of seeds (1763.1 and 1588.5 head-1), shoot dry weight (23.0 and 19.11 g), head diameter (17.45 and 15.72 cm), seed yields (2065.8 and 1918.7 kg ha-1), seed K % (0.60 and 0.30%) and diagnostic tissue % (3.54 and 2.65%) respectively. The considerable increase was found in seeds head-1(10.99%), shoot dry weight (20.35%), head diameter (11.01%), seed yields (11.31%) seed K % (100%), and leaf K % (33.58%). Among genotypes, Ho-1 was highly efficient to utilize added K fertilizer more seed (2039.7 head-1), shoot dry weight (25.86 g), plant height (188.66 cm), head diameter (20.20 cm), seed yields (2409.5 kg hat-1). Moreover seed K % and leaf K % was also high in variety Ho_1 (0.65% and (5.05%) respectively. Among all the sunflower tested genotypes Ho-1 showed significant response applied K but the variety Ho-1 and genotype Chinika were more efficient in utilization of K.
Sex Determination in Nutmeg Seedlings Using Scar Primers
Authors: Mintah Francis Dadzie
Published: August 2018

Myristica fragrans H. is a dieocious plant with male and female flowers on different trees. At the juvenile stage of nutmeg, their sexes is not morphologically identified until at the flowering stage. However, the female is more economical than the male plants. This challenge is making the work of nutmeg farmers difficult and also inhibiting the development of the spice and flavouring industry in Ghana. Hence, the use of molecular technique to characterize male and female nutmeg plants. SCAR markers are easy, specific, and reliable and have a high sense of reproducibility than other markers. Two different primers (F-Napf-76, R-Napf-77 and F-Napf-70, R-Napf-71) were used for the PCR amplification. It was revealed that the total genomic DNA of samples from both mature plant and seedlings of nutmeg were of good quality and was much concentrated by giving good DNA bands. Although there were no distinctions among the bands, they all lie at the same level (0.3kbp) indicating that the samples were of similar molecular weight. However, double PCR amplification was not seen in all samples when run on a 1% agarose gel but single amplifications were observed.
Compuestos sintagmáticos y combinaciones frecuentes en la configuración del tecnolecto matemático del quinientos: el caso de "regla" y su red léxica
Authors: Molina Sangüesa Itziar
Published: August 2018

Ante la necesidad de expresar o vehicular conocimientos y conceptos trasmitidos en latín, hasta la centuria quinientista, a una minoritaria élite culta, comprobaremos que la voz regla se erige como un núcleo rentable y productivo en la génesis de diversas expresiones en español relativas a la aritmética y el álgebra. Presentamos en este estudio una veintena de formaciones romances pertenecientes al Glosario de aritmética y álgebra en el Renacimiento hispano, integrado en la actualidad en el Diccionario de la Ciencia y de la Técnica del Renacimiento (DICTER), mediante las que estudiamos algunos de los mecanismos o procedimientos morfológicos que intervienen en la configuración del tecnolecto matemático.
Atenção à saúde bucal na atenção primária à saúde em Portugal: Percepção dos médicos de família
Authors: Nunes Alexandre Morais , Nunes Manuel Lourenço
Published: August 2018

Objetivos: o presente estudo objetivou abstrair as perceções dos médicos de família relativamente à implementação da atenção à saúde bucal na atenção primária à saúde em Portugal. Métodos: estudo exploratório-descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa, realizado com recurso a entrevista semiestruturada gravada aplicada a 30 médicos. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre janeiro de 2017 e junho de 2017, sendo utilizada para a análise a técnica da análise de conteúdo. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética da Unidade Local de Saúde de Castelo Branco. Resultados: as falas revelam uma visão positiva sobre a realização de tratamentos e educação em saúde bucal em complemento do trabalho da equipe de saúde. Conclusões: Em conformidade com a literatura, os médicos destacam a importância do reforço da atenção à saúde bucal com a integração de médicos dentistas no sistema público de saúde, que permitiu um maior acesso a tratamentos (até então exclusivos da medicina privada) e contribuiu para o reforço da educação em saúde nessa área.
Johan Galtung e a violência escolar
Authors: Flickinger Hans-Georg
Published: August 2018

Neste artigo se propõe um debate sobre a violência e educação com base na teoria de violência defendida por J. Galtung. Na primeira seção são apresentadas as coordenadas principais da referida teoria, nos conceitos de violência direta, estrutural e cultural. Na segunda seção, tendo essa matriz como base, é desenhado um mapa diferenciado da fenomenologia da violência nas instituições da educação para propor, afinal, em uma terceira seção, certas diretrizes facilitadoras do trabalho a realizar em relação à violência nas escolas. Defendo que a violência é um recurso provindo da incapacidade para o diálogo, do desrespeito da autoridade profissional, da transferência de problemas familiares para a escola, do confronto entre diferentes tradições culturais e da presença de regras burocrático-formais em excesso.
A violência na escola de educação básica em diálogo reflexivo com Benjamin, Adorno e Rosa
Authors: Pucci Bruno
Published: August 2018

Neste artigo se propõe dialogar com as reflexões filosófico-estéticas e formativas de Walter Benjamin, Theodor Adorno e Guimarães Rosa sobre a problemática da “violência e educação”, na perspectiva de problematizar e enfrentar a violência como barbárie, que perpassa as relações sociais e educacionais no atual quadro de dominação e de hegemonia do sistema capitalista neoliberal. E para realizar esse percurso, pretende-se o texto trilhar os seguintes passos: a violência reinante na escola de educação básica; Walter Benjamin e a crítica da violência; a violência nos escritos de Theodor Adorno; a violência como puro meio em A Benfazeja, de Guimarães Rosa; a violência divina na formação dos educandos.
Johann Friedrich Herbart: pedagogia geral e inclusiva
Authors: Neitzel Odair
Published: August 2018

Entrevista com o Professor Doutor Klaus Klattenhoff – Universidade Carl von Ossietzky von Oldenburg – Alemanha
Folha de Rosto
Authors: Scalabrin Admin Caren
Published: August 2018

Folha de Rosto
Diretrizes para Autores
Authors: Scalabrin Admin Caren
Published: August 2018

Diretrizes para Autores
Literatura jako spotkanie z człowiekiem. Profesora Jacka Brzozowskiego wspominają Jego przyjaciele i współpracownicy z łódzkiej polonistyki
Authors: Głowiński Michał , Ledóchowicz Ewa , Kowalczykowa Alina , Przychodniak Zbigniew , Mazan Bogdan , Siwiec Magdalena , Popłonikowska Natalia , Grabowski Mateusz , Fiećko Jerzy
Published: August 2018

Teksty i materiały bibliograficzne, zamieszczone w tym dziale, prezentują sylwetkę i dorobek naukowy prof. dr hab. Jacka Brzozowskiego, wybitnego literaturoznawcy i edytora z łódzkiej polonistyki, zmarłego 18 czerwca 2017 roku.
Operational Consumption of fuel of a sugar cane harvester
Authors: Manhães Carmen Maria Coimbra , Garcia Ricardo Ferreira , Correa Júnior Delorme , Francelino Francisco Maurício Alves , Soto Solano Cristóbal , Francelino Helenilson Oliveira
Published: August 2018

Studies have shown that using higher operational capacity harvesters render less fuel consumption per harvested area and, as a result, less operating expenses. This paper aims to obtain the effective fuel consumption per hour of the CASE IH A4000 harvester during the mechanical harvest of raw sugar cane. The study took place in a sugar cane plantation with mechanical harvest in an area belonging to a producer for Coagro (Cooperativa Agroindustrial do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Ltda.) (Agroindustrial Cooperative of the State of Rio de Janeiro), in the municipality of Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro/Brazil. The variety of sugar cane was evaluated at RB867515 in its third cut. The system of automatic data acquisition was built from a volumetric flow sensor to determine the fuel flow, in addition to a data collector (Datalogger) and a global positioning system (GPS) device. To determine the fuel consumption per hour, data from the fuel flow sensor were used. The consumption per hour of fuel was 33.9 L.h-1. The effective consumption was estimated in 1.84 L. ton-1. The consumption per hour and the effective consumption of the CASE IH A4000 were more than double of what the manufacturers stipulated, which means, the consumption is much higher than desirable.
Efeito de yacon na aceitação sensorial de kefir e viabilidade de bactérias láticas na bebida
Authors: Gonçalves Isabella Fiebig , Martins Eliane Mauricio Furtado , Silva Vanessa Riani Olmi , Martins Aurelia Dornelas de Oliveira
Published: August 2018

O kefir é uma bebida resultante da fermentação de grãos de kefir em leite pasteurizado ou esterilizado. Seu consumo regular pode propiciar efeitos benéficos para a saúde do consumidor. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da adição de yacon na aceitação sensorial de kefir bem como a viabilidade de bactérias láticas presentes na bebida. Foram elaboradas duas formulações, F1 (kefir com polpa de mamão e banana) e F2 (kefir com polpa de mamão e banana adicionado de yacon). Foram realizadas análises de bactérias láticas e coliformes totais e termotolerantes, além da análise sensorial com 50 avaliadores não treinados. As análises microbiológicas apresentaram-se dentro do padrão da legislação vigente. Quanto à contagem de bactérias láticas, as formulações apresentaram valores semelhantes, não se podendo afirmar que o yacon auxiliou o crescimento das mesmas. O produto teve aceitação em relação a cor e aroma para ambas formulações, e para kefir com yacon aceitação no parâmetro acidez e impressão global. Em relação ao sabor, ambas formulações apresentaram valores próximos à região de indiferença, porém a amostra com yacon melhorou a aceitação no sabor e impressão global. Durante a realização da análise sensorial, observou-se que alguns avaliadores ainda não conheciam o kefir, o que enfatiza a importância da sua popularização na região.
Análise do consumo de cloro para oxidação da espécie de cianobactéria Microcystis aeruginosa
Authors: Camargo Júlia Araújo , Franco Elton Santos , Marques Izabel Cristina , Santana Júnior Israel César , Silva Paulo Henrique Gomes , Aguilar Núbia Aparecida De , Ferreira Ana Flávia De Assis , Borges Bruno Miranda , Sousa Ana Luiza Ramalho de
Published: August 2018

Este estudo avaliou o consumo de cloro da espécie Microcystis aeruginosa presente nas florações em mananciais de abastecimento, pois a legislação exige a manutenção mínima de 0,2 mg.L-1 de cloro residual livre ou 2 mg.L-1 de cloro residual combinado e um residual de 3 a 5 mg.L-1 após 7 dias. Em escala de laboratório realizaram-se análises com cloro gasoso: 8 doses para ensaios de 30 minutos e 24 horas; e outras 7 para ensaios de 7 dias. Os resultados, em média, demonstraram alto consumo de cloro, podendo ter relação com a formação de subprodutos da cloração no tratamento de água.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri Terbimbing terhadap Keterampilan Proses Sains Siswa
Authors: Susilawati Susilawati , Sridana Nyoman
Published: August 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan keterampilan proses sains siswa yang mengikuti model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing dengan pembelajaran konvensional. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian eksperimen semu (Quasi experimental research). Penelitian dilaksanakan di SMPN 10 mataram tahun pelajaran 2014/2015. Sampel penelitian ini diambil dengan teknik cluster random sampling sejumlah 62 siswa terdiri dari satu kelas eksperimen dan satu kelas kontrol dengan perlakuan yang berbeda. Instrumen penelitian berupa lembar observasi keterampilan proses sains. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan teknik anakova untuk menguji pengaruh model pembelajaran terhadap keterampilan proses sains. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan program SPSS versi 20 for Windows. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diperoleh kesimpulan ada perbedaan keterampilan proses sains siswa yang mengikuti model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing dengan pembelajaran konvensional.
Analisis Kualitas Air Tanah di Desa Lepak Kecamatan Sakra Barat Lombok Timur
Authors: Nizar Muhammad , Rahman Nanang , Haifaturrahmah Haifaturrahmah
Published: August 2018

Kesehatan lingkungan mencakup aspek lingkungan tanah, perairan, dan udara. Mengingat kondisi dekonstruksi lingkungan hidup saat ini pernting untuk terus dilakukan penelitian secara berkesinambungan terhadap kualitas lingkungan. Dalam penelitian ini, dilakukan analisis terhadap kualitas air pada lokasi sumur warga yang dekat dengan permukiman. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Lepak Kabupaten Lombok Timur. Pengukuran parameter kualitas air dilakukan untuk mengukur parameter air tanah. Pengukuran parameter air tanah (suhu, warna, rasa/bau, keasaman/pH dan kandungan E. coli) di laboratorium dengan sampel yang diambil pada sumur yang telah ditentukan sebagai titik pengambilan sampel. Sementara untuk parameter rasa dan bau dilakukan pengamatan langsung di lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas air tanah secara parameter fisik (suhu, warna, kekeruhan,rasa dan bau) sudah memenuhi kriteria kualitas air bersih, berdasarkan parameter kimia mendekati pH air netral. Sedangkan parameter biologi (Escherchia Coli) tidak memenuhi kriteria kualitas air bersih yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku air minum. Meskipun demikian sebelum diminum air bersih tersebut harus dilakukakan perlakuan (dimasak). Tingginya parameter biologi sudah melampaui ambang batas, menyebabkan air pada sumur-sumur tersebut tidak layak digunakan untuk air minum sebelum dimasak terlebih dahulu.
Relationship of Measles Immunization with Measles in East Java
Authors: Oktaviasari Khuril Eka
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTBackground: Measles cases in Indonesia amounted to 12.681 cases in 2016 and East Java Province was the region with the highest number of measles, which amounted to 3765 cases. The coverage of measles immunization in infants has met the target, but the coverage of measles immunization in toddlers has not met the target. Purpose: The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between measles immunization in infants and toddlers with the number of cases of measles per district/city in East Java Province in 2016. Methods: This study was an observational study with cross sectional study design. The population was all people who suffered from measles per district/city in East Java Province. The sampling method was using the total population. The variables studied were the number of measles immunization in infants and toddlers and the number of cases of measles, while analysis technique used Pearson correlation. Results: This research showed that there was a relationship between infant immunization (p = 0,04) who had weak relationship and no relationship between immunization of toddler (p = 0,92) who had weak relationship with number of measles cases. Conclusion: There was a relationship between measles immunization in infants with number of measles case in East Java Province.
Total Ankle Arthroplasty
Authors: Cody Elizabeth A. , Scott Daniel J. , Easley Mark E.
Published: August 2018

* Total ankle arthroplasty has become an accepted alternative to ankle arthrodesis for end-stage ankle arthritis, with usage increasing considerably over the past decade.

* Recent publications have shown good early to intermediate-term outcomes and high patient satisfaction. Patients with large coronal plane deformities may also undergo total ankle arthroplasty with good outcomes, although additional procedures are often required.

* Complications include wound-healing problems, gutter impingement, osteolysis, and heterotopic ossification. Revision rates of modern implants range from 4% to 8% at 5 years.

* Compared with ankle arthrodesis, total ankle arthroplasty allows for a more physiologic gait. However, its potential to preserve function in the long term relative to ankle arthrodesis remains unproven. More high-quality studies with long-term follow-up are required to better clarify the benefits of modern total ankle arthroplasty.
Kecerdasan Emosional Dan Prestasi Kerja Pada Distributor Multi Level Marketing (MLM) K-Link Cabang Sidoarjo
Authors: Indriani Ririn Dewanti Dian Samudera , Sari Merah Purnama
Published: August 2018

Employee performance is very influential to the success of a company, especially a company based in the field of multi-level marketing (MLM) in which a person in demand hard to be able to use their emotional intelligence in order to get satisfactory results for their customers.The purpose of this study to determine the relationship of emotional intelligence with performance on the distributor of multi level marketing (MLM). This study used a quantitative approach. The variables of this study was emotional intelligence as an independent variable (X) and the interpretation of the work as the dependent variable (Y). The Sampling techniques was 100distributors through proposive sampling based on predetermined criteria. Process analysis using Pearson product moment correlation analysis performed using SPSS-17 For Windouws.Results of correlation (Pearson correlation) obtained = 0689 and p <0.05 (0.000 <0.05), which means that there was a relationship of emotional intelligence with work performance distributors of Multi Level Marketing.
Peranan Keterlibatan Dalam Jejaring Sosial Dan Kehati-Hatian Dalam Membentuk Persistensi Pelanggan Online Yang Pernah Mengalami Penipuan
Authors: Rahayu Aneke Dewi
Published: August 2018

Internet network had been developed over the years and its utilization has also increased and extended to various fields including midwives venturing into online business. Online transaction can be performed through digital media and do not require a direct meeting between the seller and the buyer. Online purchase is called with an e-commerce where the system continues to experience growth. As this growth there is a lot of cheating and fraud. The number does not decrease the negative impact of buying interest someone through e-commerce. There are two variables are taken into consideration, namely the emergence of persistent involvement in social networks and the prudence of a person due to lack of trust after fraud. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a person's involvement in social networks and caution against the persistence of online customers who have experienced fraud. Methods of analysis using path analysis with AMOS program. The results of this study are involved in social networking direct or indirect effect on the variable persistence through prudential variable.
PATOLOGI DAN TEKNIS PENGUJIAN KESEHATAN BENIH TANAMAN ANEKA KACANG
Authors: Rahayu Mudji
Published: August 2018

Patologi benih merupakan salah satu bidang ilmu dari penyakit tanaman (fitopatologi), didefinisikan sebagai studi tentang penyakit pada benih untuk mengetahui faktor penyebab penyimpangan fungsi benih. Bidang ilmu ini juga mempelajari hubungan antara patogen dan inangnya yaitu peran biji sebagai sumber penyebaran dan penularan penyakit, serta tindakan yang perlu diambil untuk mengendalikan kerusakan yang diakibatkannya. Diperlukan dukungan pengetahuan lain di antaranya fitopatologi umum, mikrobiologi, dan teknologi benih dalam mempelajari patologi benih. Benih sehat memiliki arti bahwa biji yang digunakan sebagai benih atau bahan tanam, harus bebas dari infeksi ataupun kontaminasi patogen yang terdiri atas beberapa jenis seperti jamur, bakteri, dan virus. Patogen yang menginfeksi benih aneka kacang terdiri atas beberapa jenis jamur, bakteri, dan virus. Berbeda dengan penyakit pada bagian vegetatif tanaman seperti daun dan batang, penyakit benih seringkali tanpa gejala kerusakan sehingga sulit diketahui secara visual. Benih membawa penyakit biasanya dideteksi dengan metode standar dari ISTA (Seed International Seed Testing Association), suatu lembaga resmi di dunia yang menetapkan standar mutu benih termasuk pengujian kesehatan benih. Metode pengujian yang umum dilakukan adalah secara konvensional (pemeriksaan secara visual atau cara kering, cara basah dengan perendaman atau ekstraksi benih, dan inkubasi pada media buatan), deteksi secara serologi dan molekuler, serta metode pertumbuhan benih di rumah kaca. Uji kesehatan benih berperan penting dalam perbaikan mutu benih (seed improvement), perdagangan benih (seed trade), dan perlindungan tanaman (plant protection). ...
PENINGKATAN DAYA HASIL GALUR MUTAN KACANG TANAH MELALUI PEMUPUKAN KALSIUM DI LAHAN KERING PULAU LOMBOK
Authors: Hemon A.Farid Farid
Published: August 2018

Masalah cekaman kekeringan merupakan faktor pembatas utama pada usahatani kacang tanah di lahan kering. Upaya untuk mengatasi cekaman kekeringan pada usahatani kacang tanah adalah penggunaan kultivar toleran kekeringan dan penerapan pemupukan kalsium. Penenlitian ini telah dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh   pupuk kalsium terhadap daya hasil galur mutan kacang tanah di lahan kering. Percobaan diawali dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap di rumah kaca. Percobaan di lapangan dilakukan di lahan kering petani dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok. Perlakuan yang ingin diketahui adalah menguji sumber kalsium dan dosis kalsium di rumah kaca terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman. Perlakuan  di lapangan yang ingin diuji adalah pengaruh penggunaaan Gypsum pada galur mutan kacang tanah  (G300-II dan G 200-I), dan varietas Singa.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian jenis kalsium Gypsum dengan dosis 300 kg per hektar mampu meningkatkan berat polong kering  galur G200-I yaitu 1751,5 g/6 m2 atau 2,92 ton/Ha di lahan kering.  Pemberian kalsium Gypsum mampu meningkatkan kadar Ca jaringan tanaman.

Drought stress is one of problem to peanut cultivation in dry land. Effort to reduce drought stress is using drought tolerant peanut cultivar and application of  calsium fertilizer (Gypsum).  The experiment had been done to know effect of calsium fertilizer application (Gypsum) to yield potential of peanut mutan line in dry land. The experiment was initiated with using completely randomize design in glass house experiment. Experiment in dry land was done with used block randomize design. The treatments were done to know calsium source and dose of calsium to growth of peanut line in glass house. Treatments in dry land were to know the effect of Gypsum to growth of peanut mutan line (G300-II and G 200-I, and Singa cultivar).   Result of experiment showed that using of Gypsum with 300 kg per hectar could increase dry pod weight until 1751.5 g/6 m2 or 2.92 ton/Ha. Application of  calsium Gypsum fertilizer could increase tissue calsium content.
RANTAI PASOK BENIH SUMBER VARIETAS UNGGUL BARU KEDELAI
Authors: Koentjoro Bambang Sri , Rozi Fachrur
Published: August 2018

Pengelolaan rantai pasok didalam dunia bisnis telah menjadi konsep yang penting, yaitu proses distribusi. Produksi dan distribusi benih UPBS harus dilakukan dengan optimal memenuhi permintaan dari BPSB, Dinas, BBI, dan BPTP dengan  memenuhi enam tepat (jumlah, varietas, waktu, tempat, mutu, dan harga). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui proses rantai pasok varietas unggul kedelai dan kontribusi ekonominya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sampai saat ini rantai pasok varietas unggul kedelai yang dilakukan pengelola benih sumber masih sebatas pada rantai 1 dan 2 yaitu suplier (UPBS Balitkabi dan BPSB) dan distributor (Direktorat Perbenihan) sementara untuk rantai retail (penangkar) dan customer (petani), UPBS Balitkabi tidak dapat memantau karena kewenangan ada di BPTP, BBI. Produksi benih sumber UPBS memberikan kontribusi cukup besar dalam mendukung ketersediaan pasok benih normal, dengan produksi benih BS sebesar 6,05 ton mencukupi untuk program PAT 1,7 juta hektar. Namun demikian untuk sampai menjadi benih sebar perlu adanya pengawalan sampai rantai paling bawah (petani), sehingga benih tidak digunakan diluar sasaran untuk konsumsi misalnya.
PENGARUH AMELIORASI TANAH SALIN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL KACANG HIJAU
Authors: Wahyuningsih Sri , Kristiono Afandi , Taufiq Abdullah
Published: August 2018

Salinitas menghambat pertumbuhan dan menurunkan produktivitas tanaman. Ameliorasi tanah salin diperlukan untuk mengurangi pengaruh buruk salinitas tanah terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui tanggap kacang hijau terhadap ameliorasi pada tanah salin. Penelitian dilaksanakan di rumah kaca Balitkabi Malang pada Maret-Juni 2014 menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok faktorial, lima ulangan. Faktor I adalah dua tingkat salinitas tanah yaitu: tanah dengan DHL 2-2,3 dS/m dan DHL 2,8-3,2 dS/m. Faktor II adalah pemberian amelioran terdiri atas kontrol, 120 kg K2O/ha, 2,5 t/ha dolomit, 2,5 t/ha gipsum, 2,5 t/ha organik. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap tinggi tanaman, bobot kering tajuk dan akar, indeks kandungan klorofil daun, hasil dan komponen hasil, analisis tanah sebelum tanam dan sesudah panen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan salinitas tanah 2,0-2,3 dS/m dan 2,8-3,2 dS/m berpengaruh buruk terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil kacang hijau. Semua peubah pertumbuhan dan komponen hasil mengalami penurunan akibat peningkatan salinitas kecuali kandungan klorofil daun yang relatif tetap. Pemberian amelioran gipsum dosis 2,5 t/ha berpeluang efektif memperbaiki pertumbuhan dan hasil kacang hijau. Penambahan amelioran yang mengandung K, Ca, dan Mg mampu meningkatkan kandungan hara K, Ca, dan Mg serta memperbaiki keseimbangan K/Na, Ca/Na, dan Mg/Na dalam tanaman, namun tidak efektif mengurangi pengaruh negatif salinitas. Diperlukan pencucian garam dari daerah perakaran untuk menurunkan tingkat salinitas agar sesuai untuk pertumbuhan tanaman.

 

Kata kunci: salinitas, ameliorasi, kacang hijau
Pengaruh Pematahan Dormansi terhadap Viabilitas Benih Kacang Tanah
Authors: Hapsari Ratri Tri , Rezeki Sri
Published: August 2018

Dormansi pada benih kacang tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.) dapat mengakibatkan pertumbuhan benih yang tidak seragam di lapangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas perlakuan pematahan dormansi dan hubungannya terhadap viabilitas benih. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Uji Mutu Benih Balitkabi pada bulan Februari-April 2017. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok lengkap (RAKL), terdiri dari dua faktor. Faktor pertama adalah dua varietas kacang tanah (Kelinci dan Hypoma 2), dan faktor kedua adalah lima perlakuan pematahan dormansi (perendaman dalam air satu hari, pemanasan dalam oven suhu 40ºC selama tiga hari, lima hari, dan tujuh hari, serta kontrol). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Hypoma 2 teridentifikasi mengalami dormansi sedangkan Kelinci tidak mengalami dormansi setelah tiga bulan disimpan dari waktu panen. Terdapat interaksi antara varietas dengan perlakuan pada variabel kadar air, kebocoran elektrolit (DHL), kecepatan tumbuh dan indeks vigor.
EFFECTS OF BLENDED FERTILIZERS ON YIELDS OF MATURE TEA CLONES TRFK 6/8 AND BBK 35 GROWN IN KENYAN HIGHLANDS
Authors: Sitienei Kibet , Kamiri Hellen W. , Nduru Gilbert M. , Kamau David M. , Nyabundi Wilson K. , Morogo Maureen
Published: August 2018

Kenya’s tea industry depends predominantly on imported NPK fertilizers to replenish nutrients removed through plucking. In this respect, two blended fertilizers containing NPKS 25:5:5:4+9Ca+2.6Mg and NPKS 23:5:5:4+10Ca+3Mg with trace elements have been produced in the country. However, contribution of the blended fertilizers to optimal tea yields had not been determined. The study aimed to evaluate the optimal levels of the two blended fertilizers on tea grown in the highlands of Kenya. The blended fertilizers were evaluated in two sites, i.e. Timbilil estate in Kericho and Kagochi farm in Nyeri. The trial was laid out in a randomized complete block design with two blended fertilizers and the standard NPK 26:5:5 as a control. The treatments were applied at four fertilizer rates (0-control, 75, 150 and 225 kg N ha-1 yr-1),  with three replications. The results showed that application of 225 kg N ha-1 yr-1 blended fertilizer NPKS 25:5:5:4+9Ca+2.6Mg in Timbilil produced mean yield of 2,995 kg Mt ha-1 compared with 3,099 kg Mt ha-1 from the standard NPK. In Kagochi, the highest yield was 1,975 kg Mt ha-1 obtained from the application of the same blended fertilizer NPKS 25:5:5:4+9Ca+2.6Mg at 75 kg N ha-1 yr-1. The highest yields in both sites were obtained during a warm-dry season except in 2015-2016. This study concluded that based on the annual and seasonal yields, the two blended fertilizers and the standard type had the same effectiveness, irrespective of clones and sites. However, the fertilizer rates affected the tea yield.
Pengaruh Pupuk Kandang dengan Penambahan Mikrob Pelarut Fosfat terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Kopi Robusta
Authors: Sobari Iing , Pranowo Dibyo , Wardiana Edi
Published: August 2018

Farmyard manure and biofertilizer is able to substitute chemical fertilizers in improving the plants growth and production. The manure acts as the  energy source for soil microbes, while biofertilizer with phosphate solubilizing microbes (PSM) can increase phosphate (P) availability for plants.  The research aimed to investigate the effect of farmyard manure added with PSM on growth and yield of 5 Robusta coffee clones, conducted at Pakuwon Experimental Station, Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute (IIBCRI), Sukabumi, from January 2014 to June 2017. A split plot design was used with 3 replications. The main plot factors were 5 Robusta coffee clones (BP 308, SA 237, BP 42, BP 358, and BGN 371), whereas the subplot  factors were types of fertilizers (chicken, sheep, and cow manure added with PMS), and NPK fertilizers as control. Variables observed were components of vegetative growth, percentage of flowering plants, and weight of fresh berries. The results showed that 5 Robusta coffee clones used exhibited similar responses to the PMS-added farmyard manure application. Chicken manure added with PMS enhanced P-available and improved vegetative growth of coffee plants better than other farmyard manure, similar with the effect of NPK fertilizers. Up to 4 years old plants, the PM-added farmyard manure application did not affect the weight of fresh berries.
Effect of Plant Oils and Extracts on Uredospores of Hemileia vastatrix Germination and Attack Intensity
Authors: Harni Rita , Taufik Efi , Samsudin Samsudin
Published: August 2018

Rust disease caused by fungus Hemileia vastatrix is a major disease of Arabica coffee, which reduces yield by 20%–70%. Botanical fungicide is a potential alternative because environmentally friendly and safe to humans health. The research aimed to analyze the effect of oils and extracts of fungicidal plants on uredospore germination and attack intensity of H. vastatrix. The research was conducted in laboratory and greenhouse of Indonesian Industrial and Beverages Crops Research Institute (IIBCRI), Sukabumi, from January to December 2016. The plant oils were of cloves, citronella, Reutealis trisperma, and neem, while the plant extracts used were mahogany, Ageratum conyzoides, and wood vinegar. Those oils and extracts were assessed on uredospores germination of H. vastatrix, both in vitro and on coffee seedlings in the greenhouse. A complete randomized block design was used with 9 treatments and 5 replications. The oils and extracts at 5% concentration were applied on coffee leaves of 6 months old plants then inoculated with H. vastratrix uredospora simultaneously. Attack symptoms, incubation period, attack percentage and intensity were observed. The results showed that plant oils and extracts used in present study effectively reduced the uredospora germination of H. vastatrix. However, oils of neem and R. trisperma as well as A. conizoides extract are more potential to suppress H. vastatrix infection in coffee leaves in greenhouse and reduced attack intensity from 22.2% to 3.6%; 5.2%; and 7.6% with inhibitory level at 83.8%; 76.6%; and 65.8%, respectively. Therefore, they are considered as potential biocontrols for rust disease.
Pembaruan Regulasi Terorisme dalam Menangkal Radikalisme dan Fundamentalisme
Authors: Fatoni Syamsul
Published: August 2018

Abstract: Terrorism is categorized as extraordinary crime and causes death and loss of property, disturbing the stability of the economy and state security. The attributes given by Western Europe and the USA to radical Islamic movements such as militants, group of right Islam, fundamentalism to terrorism, are interesting to study. The Government issued a regulation to counter terrorism including Law Number 15 of 2003 about combating crimal acts of terorism, Law Number 9 of 2013 about Preventing and Combating Funding Crimal Acts of Terorism, Presidential Regulation Number 46 of 2010 about Establishment of a National Counterterrorism Agency amended by Presidential Regulation No. 12 of 2012. However, by paying attention to the acts of terrorism so far, criminal law reform must be carried out in counteracting terrorism in the country, including finding the root of the problem of the emergence of acts of terrorism by using theories, concepts, legal principles and interpretations in order realize fair legal protection for citizens.الملخص :كان الجدال الفكري بين الوطنية والإسلام دائما ينتهي إلى القضيتين الرئيسيتين هما العلاقة بين المسلم وغير المسلم والقانون السماوي والقانون الوضعي. والأساس الذي لابد من تأسيسه هو الوعي بأن الإسلام هو دين الإنسانية. والإيديولوجى الديني كثيرا ما يستعمل تحريضا لتصحيح الجهاد عن طريق الحركة العنفية .   والموقف السياسي الديني بدون ربطه بالسياق الاجتماعي الثقافي فإنه يؤثّر في نموذج التديّن غير المتسامح ولا يحترم الحقوق الإنسانية. ينمو هذا النموذج من التدين بنشوء الآراء السياسية عن إقامة الدولة الإسلامية  نتيجة آثار الحركات عبر الوطنية التي ليس لها الوعي بالحكم المحلّيّة وردّها عن فكرة الدولة القومية. استخدم هذا البحث نظرية السيكولوجي السياسي ونظرية الهوية الاجتماعية لتحليل إمكانية وقوع التطرف في المجتمع .Abstrak: Terorisme dikualifikasikan sebagai kejahatan sangat luar biasa (extraordinary crime) dan menyebabkan korban jiwa serta harta benda, mengganggu stabilitas perkenomian dan keamanan negara. Atribut yang diberikan oleh Eropa Barat dan USA terhadap  gerakan Islam radikal seperti kaum militan, Islam kanan, fundamentalisme sampai terorisme, menjadi menarik untuk dikaji. Pemerintah mengeluarkan regulasi untuk menangkal terorisme  di antaranya Undang-undang  Nomor 15 Tahun 2003 tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Terorisme, Undang-Undang Nomor 9 Tahun 2013 tentang Pencegahan dan Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Pendanaan Terorisme, Peraturan Presiden  Nomor  46 Tahun 2010 tentang Pembentukan Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Terorisme yang diubah dengan Peraturan Presiden  Nomor  12 Tahun 2012. Namun demikian dengan memperhatikan sepak terjang terorisme selama ini maka harus dilakukan pembaruan Hukum Pidana dalam menangkal Terorisme di tanah air, termasuk mencari akar masalah munculnya tindakan terorisme dengan menggunakan teori, konsep, asas dan interpretasi hukum dalam rangka mewujudkan perlindungan hukum yang adil bagi warga negara.
El léxico de la ingeniería y su aprendizaje: estudio exploratorio
Authors: Roldán-Riejos Ana , Úbeda Mansilla Paloma
Published: August 2018

Este artículo presenta una propuesta de aprendizaje del léxico de la ingeniería dentro de ámbito de las LFE (Lenguas para Fines Específicos) a través de un enfoque fraseológico-cognitivo con el objetivo de proporcionar a los alumnos un medio de aprender vocabulario técnico de especialidad de forma fácil y operativa. El procedimiento que proponemos se basa en el uso de agrupaciones temáticas de palabras y locuciones articuladas por medio de la metáfora y/o metonimia lingüística y conceptual. Este estudio fraseológico favorece la comprensión y producción discursiva por medio del establecimiento de nexos y relaciones léxico-semánticas entre expresiones técnicas aparentemente aisladas. Al sistematizar el discurso, el estudio del vocabulario se estructura en distintos marcos conceptuales que permiten establecer asociaciones mentales y posibilitan la retención a largo plazo. Como ejemplo de categorización léxico-conceptual en el campo de la ingeniería de la construcción, describimos el dominio metafórico de los objetos cotidianos, examinando su uso en español y en inglés. El análisis de imágenes de este ámbito permite inferir relaciones analógicas derivadas de factores perceptivos, funcionales o ambos a la vez. Se incluye también un análisis contrastivo español-inglés a fin de establecer la existencia de variaciones léxico-semánticas motivadas por diferencias interculturales.
Impact of the usage of Vietnamese consonant-vowel (CV) structure on the intelligibility of Vietnamese speakers of English
Authors: Dang Tien Ngoc Dung
Published: August 2018

This paper reports on findings from an investigation into the potential impact of the mother tongue of 50 Vietnamese adult EFL learners on their English intelligibility, with a particular focus on CV (consonant - vowel) syllable structure. The data from this quantitative study indicate that participants applied the Vietnamese CV syllable structure (open syllables CV.V) to the pronunciation of English CVC syllable structure (closed syllables CVC.V particularly in polysyllabic words and words with CVL (consonant – vowel – lateral) structure, potentially affecting speech intelligibility. These outcomes contribute to research on EFL speakers’ intelligibility.
Review: Gramling, David (2016). The invention of monolingualism. New York, New York: Bloomsbury Academic.
Authors: Bacon Chris K.
Published: August 2018

This piece reviews David Gramling’s The Invention of Monolingualism (Bloomsbury, 2016), winner of the 2018 American Association for Applied Linguistics book award. With the prevalence of academic discourse on bi/multilingualism, this book takes on the under-explored notion of monolingualism. Drawing from a range of disciplines, including applied linguistics, literary studies,translation studies, and comparative world literature, Gramling raises important questions about  monolingualism, how the term is used, and understandings of language itself.
Growth‐Stage‐Based Irrigation Management on Biomass, Yield, and Yield Attributes of Spring Canola in the Southern Great Plains
Authors: Katuwal Krishna B. , Angadi Sangamesh V. , Singh Sukhbir , Cho Youngkoo , Begna Sultan , Umesh M. R.
Published: August 2018

Extensive use of groundwater for irrigation has significantly depleted the Ogallala aquifer, threatening the sustainability of irrigated agriculture in the Southern Great Plains. There is a need to identify a low‐water‐requiring alternative crop and understand the response of that crop to deficit irrigation strategies. The objective of this study was to assess biomass partitioning and yield of spring canola (Brassica napus L.) under deficit irrigation. Three diverse canola cultivars (‘H930’, ‘H955’, and ‘L140’) were grown under four different irrigation treatments; full season irrigation (FI), no irrigation at the vegetative stage (VS), no irrigation at the reproductive stage (RS) and dryland (DL) at Clovis, NM, on Olton clay loam soil. Seed yield of VS was similar to FI in both years but was greater by 93 and 200% in 2015 and by 120 and 263% in 2016 than RS and DL, respectively. Biomass and oil yield of VS were similar to those of FI in 2015 but were lower by 14% in 2016. Relieving water stress with irrigation at flowering increased leaf area index of VS and made it similar to that of FI by pod development stage. Biomass accumulation was greater in treatments receiving irrigation after flowering and most of the post‐flowering biomass was partitioned into reproductive parts. Among yield components, greater 1000‐seed weight in VS than RS and DL, indicated recovery of canola stressed at the vegetative stage. Results indicated that if water is limited, the vegetative growth stage would be a better time to skip irrigation in spring canola.