bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How to Manufacture an Automatic Car
Authors: Samuel Sakyi Koram
Published: July 2019

This research seeks to implement a novel technique of a mobile vehicle which works automatically. In this paper, we shall know how to manufacture an automatic car that works with GPS location and other radioactive elements. Formerly, cars were produced by means of an amalgamation of mechanism and humanoid control. Car fragments, for example engines and rims, were manufactured in huge quantities by machineries. However, each car was pressed down a conveyor belt and amassed bit by bit, till it was set to be dispatched off to its owner. The methods of manufacturing a car can be roughly alienated into engraving, welding, assembling, painting and inspection, which takes approximately 17-18 hours to complete. This differs rendering to the number of cars manufactured by each factory.
Parésia Hipocaliemica em Adolescente: Um Caso Clínico
Authors: Carvalho Ana Catarina , Matos Joana , Lira Susana , Reis Ana
Published: July 2019

A paralisia periódica hipocaliémica familiar é uma doença neuromuscular autossómica dominante, rara, caracterizada por crises episódicas de paralisia flácida acompanhadas de hipocaliemia. Apresenta-se o caso de um adolescente do sexo masculino, com 15 anos de idade, observado no Serviço de Urgência de Pediatria por parésia flácida dos quatro membros de início subito e agravamento progressivo. Na anamnese verificou-se a ingestão de corticoesteroide e antihistaminico no dia anterior por urticária e história familiar de episódios transitórios de paralisia flácida na adolescência, assintomáticos após a 4ª década de vida, sem diagnóstico estabelecido. Os exames auxiliares de diagnóstico revelaram hipocaliemia (K+ < 2,4 mEq/L), sem hipocaliúria e sem outras alterações. Verificou-seresolução da sintomatologia após suplementação com potássio até normalização da caliemia. A paralisia flácida é uma forma rara de apresentação da hipocaliemia. Diversas etiologias podem estar envolvidas na criança ou adolescente que se apresenta com com paralisia flácida de início agudo. Com a descrição deste caso alerta-se para a importância do conhecimento desta entidade, porque se reconhecidos e tratados apropriadamente, os doentes geralmente recuperam sem sequelas.
O Ensino da Dor Crónica em Portugal: As Perspectivas dos Estudantes de Medicina e dos Internos do Ano Comum
Authors: Cristóvão Irina , Reis-Pina Paulo
Published: July 2019

Introdução: A Associação Internacional para o Estudo da Dor defende um curriculum mandatório sobre dor crónica nos cursos de Medicina. Foi objectivo deste estudo conhecer a opinião dos estudantes finalistas de Medicina e dos internos do ano comum sobre o ensino da dor crónica nas oito escolas médicas Portuguesas.Material e Métodos: Estudo quantitativo. Questionário electrónico (30 questões), com respostas voluntárias e anónimas; disponível no primeiro trimestre 2016.Resultados: Houve 251 respostas provenientes de 142 finalistas e 109 internos (mulheres 72,9%; idade 25,3 ± 1,6 anos). A dor é um sinal vital (92,4%); mas 18,7% apenas a avaliava caso o doente se queixasse. As escalas de auto-avaliação da dor eram conhecidas (87,2%) e as de hétero-avaliação não (70,9%). A dor não era avaliada porque o doente não manifestava dor; falta de tempo; consultas de duração curta. A formação foi insuficiente sobre opioides (78,1%), fisiopatologia e tratamento da dor (66,1%) e como entrevistar o doente com dor (67,7%); durou 1 a 10 horas (49,8%). A depressão respiratória por opioides é preocupante (56,2%). O risco de usar opioides é superior ao benefício clínico (33,5%).Discussão: O ensino da dor crónica é disperso, pouco estruturado e opcional. Para 98,4% da amostra é relevante haver mais educação sobre dor crónica. Esta deve ocorrer no quinto ano do curso médico, com mais de 15 horas. São aconselhados estágios em consultas de dor crónica.Conclusão: São necessárias mudanças nos curricula pré-graduados para que os futuros médicos desenvolvam competências e combatam o sofrimento ‘evitável’ dos seus doentes.
Global Impact of Peripheral Obstructive Arterial Disease in Portugal: An Eight Year Study
Authors: Moutinho Mariana , Simões Inês , Rodrigues Sónia , Abreu Daisy , Silva Emanuel , Sousa Paulo , Fernandes José Fernandes e
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Peripheral arterial disease has an important impact on morbidity/mortality. The objective of this study was to quantify the impact of this disease in Portugal during the last eight years, expressed by the volume of admissions, treatment strategies and associated morbidity and mortality.Material and Methods: We collected data from the Diagnosis Related Group national database on primary diagnosis, procedures codes, demographic variables, a number of risk factors, and mortality of all cases admitted from 2009 to 2016 with a primary diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease coded according to the 9th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-9).Results: In this study, peripheral arterial disease led to 27 684 hospitalisations, which corresponded to 26.7% of all admissions for vascular disease in this period. Approximately 49.9% of patients were admitted to the emergency department. The volume of procedures in patients with claudication decreased over the eight years, unlike patients with critical ischaemia, in which the number of procedures increased.Discussion: Age and the presence of cardiovascular risk factors have been associated with the severity of disease, as observed in our series. Overall hospital mortality varied, being significantly higher in patients with more advanced severity of the disease.Conclusion: Peripheral arterial disease represents an important burden in the overall volume of admissions in Portuguese public hospitals. A large number of patients was admitted in the context of emergency.
Como Manter Sistemas de Registo com Boa Qualidade?
Authors: Gissler Mika
Published: July 2019

N/a.
A Abordagem do Uso Excessivo de Videojogos nos Cuidados de Saúde Primários
Authors: Rodrigues Catarina Ramos
Published: July 2019

N/a.
Reply to the Letter to the Editor Regarding the Article: “Inappropriate Prescribing to Elderly Patients in an Internal Medicine Ward” Mariana Alves, Marco Ribeiro Narciso, Teresa Fonseca, João Gorjão Clara” [Acta Med Port.2019;32:249-249].
Authors: Urzal Joana Isabel Pires
Published: July 2019

N/a.
Letter to the Editor Regarding the Article: “Inappropriate Prescribing to Elderly Patients in an Internal Medicine Ward”
Authors: Simões Pedro Augusto , Santiago Luiz Miguel , Simões José Augusto
Published: July 2019

N/a.
Carta ao Editor Relativa ao Artigo: “Etapas na Condução de uma Revisão Sistemática”
Authors: Gomez Nayive , Alves Mariana
Published: July 2019

N/a.
Expressed Preference Methods of Environmental Valuation: Non-Market Resource Valuation Tools
Authors: Bamwesigye Dastan
Published: July 2019

The objective of this paper was to give an overview of the expressed preference (EP) techniques of environmental valuation. These methods offer estimation of the value of a resource not necessarily willingness to pay (WTP) or willingness to Accept (WTA) compensation rather upper and lower values. The method of measuring individuals’ willingness to pay is usually based on contingent valuation method (CVM). This research focuses on defining, categorizing, and applicability of various environmental valuation techniques that have been and can be applied in attaching value to a given resource using expressed/Revealed preference methods. The study serves as a supplementary synthesis and discussion to the board of knowledge of resource valuation methods. More specifically, selected methods to discussed herein include; contingent valuation method, hedonic pricing model, travel cost method, trade-off game method, the costless-choice method, Delphi method, Replacement Cost Method, Relocation Cost Method, Opportunity cost method, and Cost-benefit Method. In the last part, applicability of the methods is fully illustrated to support future studies on resource valuation.
Virtual Reality: Where Have We Been? Where Are We Now? and Where Are We Going?
Authors: Kenwright Benjamin
Published: July 2019

The rising popularity of virtual reality has seen a recent push in applications, such as, social media, educational tools, medical simulations, entertainment and training systems. With virtual realitythe ability to engage users for specific purposes, provides opportunities to entertain, develop cognitive abilities and technical skills outside of the standard mediums (e.g., the television or theclassroom) thereby optimizing exposure with realistic (live) opportunities. However, before these applications of virtual reality become more widespread, there are a number of open questions andissues that must be addressed including limitations, challenges, relationships between fidelity, multi-modal cue interaction, immersion, and knowledge transfer and retention. In this article, we begin with a brief overview of virtual reality methods, followed by a discussion of virtual reality and its applications (both historically, currently and in the future). We review virtual reality trends both from the early artistic days through to current day state of the art technological advancements. We explore emerging and futuristic breakthroughs - and their applications in virtual reality - showing how virtual reality will go way beyond anything we could envision. Infact, after reading this article, we hope the reader will agree, that virtual reality, is possibly one of the most powerful mediums of our time. While the earliest mechanistic virtual reality prototypes (e.g., Sensorama) allowed us to view stereoscopic 3D images accompanied by stereosound, smells, as well as wind effect - set the foundation and direction for future pioneers - there have been spearheaded developments which have continually pushed the concept of virtual reality to new domains. As virtual reality evolves, many new and yet-to-be-imagined applications will arise, but we must have understanding and patience as we wait for science, research andtechnology to mature and improve. The article ends with a short overview of future directions based upon recent breakthroughs in research and what this will mean for virtual reality in the coming years.
Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Permulaan Melalui Kegiatan Mendongeng dengan Variasi Media di KB PAUD PKK Wonojoyo Kediri
Authors: Faiz Alfin Zainun
Published: July 2019

This study aims to improve the ability to read the beginning through the activities of storytelling with media variations and know the process of improving the ability to read the beginning through the storytelling activities with media variations. The research method used is action research with Kemmis and Taggart model. Research subjects were 16 KB children. This study was conducted in two cycles consisting of eight meetings in a cycle so that there were sixteen meetings. Technique of collecting data is done through observation, interview, and documentation. Data analysis technique used in this research is qualitative and quantitative data analysis. Qualitative data analysis used is data reduction, data display, and verification. Quantitative data analysis is used to find out the percentage of reading ability improvement after the beginning of the implementation of the action using the graph. The result of the research shows that the improvement of the understanding of children's geometry can be seen from the average prasiklus value of 58, the average of cycle I average 77, and cycle II with an average of 90. So it can be concluded that the activities of storytelling with media variations can improve the ability to read the beginning
Parenting pada Single Parent (Ibu) yang Memiliki Anak Autis (Studi Kasus di Terapi Autis Cahaya Harapan Kelurahan Rejomulyo, Kecamatan Kota Kediri)
Authors: Wulandari Agathista Eka
Published: July 2019

The fruit of the heart is the desire of each parent, when have deficiencies in the baby in this stage of development and growth can not be maximized as experienced by children with autism at an early age. So the most important thing is the application of parenting. In this study wanted to see how the application of parenting in the mother who acts as a single parent who has children with autism. The subjects in the study are two subjects of Autism Therapy of Light Hope Rejomulyo Village, District Kedir District. The research method is a qualitative case study approach. The results obtained in this study can be concluded that single parent (mother) applying authoritative parenting with creative ways so that develop the competence of children with autism condition is done by providing formal education, informal, and nonformal to improve the ability of children with children with autism. So in getting the results that autistic children are cared for by using authoritative parenting tends to have socioemosional better than autistic children who cared for using parenting authoritarian, neglectful parenting, and indugent parenting
Analisis Kompetensi Profesional Guru PAUD Kabupaten Siak Provinsi Riau
Authors: Febrialismanto Febrialismanto
Published: July 2019

Teachers are the critical success factors of an educational process. Teachers must have competence in educating one of the competencies of teachers is professional competence. Professional competence describes the ability of teachers to master learning materials. The purpose of this study is to analyze the competence of paud teachers who have completed the S1 study located in Siak regency. The method used is quantitative decryption by conducting tests on 36 teachers. From the results of the research can be seen that the indicators included in the low category is Mastering the basic concepts of health and nutrition as a means of development for each field of development of children with a value of 44.44%, understand the ability of children kindergarten in every field of development 43.52%, and understand the progress of children in every field development in kindergarten 49.07%. From the results of this study can be seen that the three indicators are categorized as low compared with other indicators of professional competence.
Peningkatan Keterampilan Motorik Kasar Anak Usia 4-5 Tahun Melalui Permainan Tradisional Tambi-Tambian
Authors: Simatupang Iis Verawati
Published: July 2019

The aim of this research is to enhance the children’s gross motor skill through traditional games “Tambi-tambian”. Traditional games are very useful for the basic development of children and through it children recognize and preserving local culture. The research was conducted among 11 children of group A at TK Nasional KPS Balikpapan. The procedures for this action research using Kemmis and McTaggart’s model through four stages: planning, action and observation, reflection. The data were collected using interview, observation, and documentation. Data analysis is carried using both quantitative and qualitative analysis. The results of research show enhancement of gross motor skill through traditional games “Tambi-tambian”. Pre-intervensi, children’s gross motor skill is 53,41%, after the conducted action children’s gross motor skill increasing in the 1st cycle is 68,86% and 2ndcycle is 81,59%. Traditional games “Tambi-tambian” contributes to enhance children’s gross motor skill.
Motivasi Mahasiswa Usia Dewasa Mengikuti Perkuliahan pada Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Paud di FKIP Uninus Bandung
Authors: Ruswandi Agus
Published: July 2019

This research is based on data from observation data of students of PG PAUD Uninus Bandung, which in conclusion about 40% of students of PG PAUD study program from the age side including middle age or other term is included in middle age. This condition attracts the attention of researchers so it is important to examine the background of students, motivation, goals and reasons of the students of the adult age group to attend the lectures in the PG PAUD Uninus FKIP. It is expected to obtain data for the stakeholders both at the level of Prodi, Faculty and University level. The method used in this research use descriptive analytical research method with qualitative approach. This method is supported by data collection techniques such as observation, documentation and interviews. The sample of this research is students of PG PAUD Uninus FKIP study program which is in the adult age range or about 25 and up to 60 years old. Technique of data analysis this research use three step analysis, that is data reduction, data display and data verification. The expected output of this research is in the form of scientific articles published in accredited national journals. The results showed that adult students who attended lectures at Prodi PG PAUD mostly aged between 51 to 55 years from the employment side of most of the students is a non-civil servant or honorary teachers and most have not been certified. adult students attending or continuing lectures in Prodi PG PAUD, among others, because the demands of their professions as PAUD teachers for the benefit of linearity or for students who have not previously had a diploma equivalent to some other scholars who have civil servants but the diploma is not linear with PAUD so that they have to go to college or PAUD field so that the diploma in accordance with the profession. The results conclude that economic factors are not the dominant factor for students to follow or continue their lectures in the area of early childhood is more dominated by linearity with their work not because of economic factors. As for economic reasons, certification. or civil servants that only a small part of one of the factors of adult students continue studying in Prodi PG PAUD.
Kegiatan Senam Otak Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Putri Yolanda Dwi , Yetti Rivda
Published: July 2019

Brain exercise has many benefits, especially to balance the child’s brain and left, though brain gym activities can foster the spirit of learning children. This study describe brain gym activities carried out in the primagama padang creative kindergarden & playgroup. This study uses qualitative methods with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques are observation, interview and documentation, while the data analysis technique is data triangulation technique. The results of research in the primagama padang creative kindergarden & playgroup that brain gym activities have been carried out well, seen from semester planning, weekly and daily planning and evaluations carries out in every brain gymnastic activity. The implementation of brain gym activities provides many benefits to children.
Peningkatan Kemandirian Anak Usia 4-5 Tahun Melalui Bercerita
Authors: Pareira Mariana Ikun RD , Atal Naomi Habi
Published: July 2019

Autonomy is important to be taught early because makes it will easier for children to carry out further education. Autonomy also leads children to have high self-esteem and intrinsic motivation. The most prominent problem in children at TK Tunas Harapan Emaus Liliba Kupang is autonomy.  Autonomy can be promoted in various ways, one of them which is story telling. The purpose of this study is to find out whether there is an increase in autonomy of children ages 4-5 years after story telling. The research method used in this research is experimental method with quantitative approach. The research design used is a non-equivalent research design or also called "one group pre test and post test design" which is a research design used by giving before and after the activitiies test in a single group research sample. The results of this study indicate that by the Wilcoxon test showed a significant increase in autonomy of children ages 4-5 years (p<0.05)
Early plant defense-related responses triggered by a novel glycoprotein from Streptomycin
Authors: Han Lirong , Sun Yubo , Zhou Xin , Hao xinchang , Wu Meng , Zhang Xing , Feng Juntao
Published: July 2019

Background

A novel glycoprotein from Streptomyces sp. ZX01, GP-1, has high activity against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). With small molecular weight and water-soluble characteristics, GP-1 has tremendous commercial value. Though previous study indicated a plant immunity-inducing effect, the antiviral mechanism of GP-1 is still unclear.

Results

In this study, early plant defense-related responses, such as Ca2+ transient peak, callose apposition, oxidative burst, hypersensitive response (HR), programmed cell death (PCD), NO rising and stomatal closure, were thoroughly investigated and we studied the mechanism of how GP-1 can induce virus resistance in Nicotiana benthamiana in additional detail. Results showed that GP-1 could induce [Ca2+]cyt rapidly both in tobacco leaves and suspension cells, followed by ROS and NO elevation. Similar with typical pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), GP-1 induces callose deposition and stomatal closure to form defense barriers for pathogen invasion. The expression of defense-related genes further supported these phenomena. The gene with CAM5 was obtained by RNA sequencing in Nicotiana benthamiana.

Conclusions

Through analyses of expression of SA, JA and CAM5, it was shown that GP-1 enhanced the virus resistance of tobacco by improving expression of CAM5 and the SA and JA content.
Perception of Implicit Biases within Internal Medicine Residency Recruitment
Authors: Heath Janae Kathleen , Barton Todd D. , Rogers Marisa A. , Dine C. Jessica
Published: July 2019

Background: Few studies have addressed biases within residency admissions. Understanding the perceptions of implicit biases (IB) within residency admissions is essential to identify targets for potential interventions. Our objectives were to assess the interviewers’ perception of IB within the internal medicine (IM) residency interview process and the impact of former Implicit Association Test (IAT) completion and/or IB training on these perceptions.

Methods: We surveyed all interviewers within an IM Residency program following the 2017-2018 interview cycle, assessing the perception of global and individual IB on evaluation of candidates, the perceived role of IAT completion and IB training, and mitigation strategies employed. Responses were assessed in four-subgroups based on exposure to IAT or IB training, analyzed with one-way ANOVA testing. Thematic analysis was performed of the free-text comments.

Results: Of 113 interviewers, 68 (60%) completed the survey. The majority (79%, n=54) agreed or strongly agreed that biases exist within interviews, while 59% (n=40) agreed or strongly agreed that their own biases impact interview evaluations. The belief of one’s own biases impacting evaluation differed significantly between subgroups (52% in those without any IAT/training, compared to 69% with both, p .05). Additionally, 90% (n=26) of those that had completed both IAT or IB training described using strategies to mitigate bias in the interview process, compared to 52% (n=11) that had not completed either (p < 0.001). Qualitative analysis revealed differing mitigation strategies between subgroups.

Conclusions: Self-reported bias in the residency interview process exists. IB training and IAT were associated with self-reported implementation of mitigation strategies.
Conjoined versus separate technique: a meta-analysis of anastomosis techniques for urinary diversion after bladder cancer
Authors: Daqian Liu , Yonghua Wang , Yang Zhao , Xuecheng Yang , xinsheng wang , Haitao Niu
Published: July 2019

Introduction: This was a meta-analysis of studies on conjoined and separate anastomosis for urinary diversion after radical cystectomy due to bladder cancer.
Methods: We searched databases (PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) for studies regarding anastomosis for urinary diversion due to bladder cancer. The meta-analysis was designed to determine the difference between conjoined and separate anastomosis. Six studies including 1601 patients were considered in the meta-analysis (654 in the separate group and 947 in the conjoined group).
Results: There were no significant differences with respect to age, gender or duration of follow-up. There were seven studies that compared the rate of stricture and the rate of hydronephrosis. For overall stricture, there were 186 of 1163 ureters in the separate group and 64 of 1718 ureters in the conjoined group (odds ratio, 4.53; 95% CI, 2.01-10.22; P = 0.0003). For overall hydronephrosis patients, there were 55 of 205 ureters in the separate group and 51 of 254 ureters in the conjoined group (odds ratio, 1.48; 95% CI, 0.95-2.29; P = 0.08).
Conclusion: The separate anastomosis had a higher ratio of strictures than did the conjoined group. The separate anastomosis group experienced hydronephrosis more often than did the conjoined anastomosis group. The separate anastomosis is the better choice for surgery during the operation.
MAINTAINING IMMOBILISATION DEVICES ON TRAUMA PATIENTS DURING CHEST AND PELVIC X-RAY: A FEASIBILITY STUDY
Authors: Stokkeland Pål Johan
Published: July 2019

BACKGROUND

The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of different vacuum mattresses on standard resuscitation bay conventional radiography of chest and pelvis, especially regarding artefacts.

METHODS

We used a mobile X-ray machine to perform chest and pelvic conventional radiography on an anthropomorphic whole body phantom with a trauma transfer board, three different vacuum mattresses and without any stabilization device. The vacuum mattresses were investigated in activated, deactivated and stretched after deactivated states. Two radiologists assessed the artefacts independently. Agreement was measured using kappa coefficient.

RESULTS

All radiographs were of good technical quality and fully diagnostic.

With the exception of one disagreed occurrence, artefacts were seen to hamper clinical judgement exclusively with activated vacuum mattresses.

There was substantial agreement between the two radiologists on artefact assessment. The observed agreement was 0,82 with a kappa coefficient of 0,71. The first vacuum mattress caused no artefacts hampering with clinical judgment.

CONCLUSION

Our study concludes that it is feasible to maintain some vacuum mattresses through resuscitation bay conventional radiography of chest and pelvis. They do not result in artefacts hampering with clinical judgment. Our vacuum mattress nr 1 is recommendable for this purpose. Together with our previous findings our present results indicate that some vacuum mattresses may be used throughout the initial resuscitation bay assessment and CT examination.
PENGARUH INFUSA TEH HITAM (CAMELIA SINENSIS) TERHADAP GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGI HEPAR, RENAL DAN JUMLAH SEL-SEL ALFA DAN BETA PANKREAS TIKUS JANTAN SPRAGUEDAWLEY DIINDUKSI ETANOL 20%
Authors: Rosalia Ayu Anita , Indrasari Maria Chrisna , Tangsilan Maria Anasthasia , Jayadi Tejo , Danu Sulanto Saleh
Published: July 2019

Latar Belakang: Fungsi antioksidan dari teh telah banyak diteliti. Teh

hitam memiliki kandungan utama theaflavins, thearubigins dan catechins.

Konsumsi etanol kronik dalam jumlah besar dapat menyebabkan gangguan fungsi

hepar, pankreas dan ren, yang disebabkan terutama disebabkan oleh proses stres

oksidatif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji pengaruh infusa teh hitam

terhadap gangguan beberapa organ tersebut diinduksi etanol diteliti.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental murni

dikerjakan dengan rancangan completely randomized design, dengan 6 kelompok

eksperimental yang masing-masing menggunakan 5 ekor tikus. K1 kontrol

normal; K2 diberi infusa teh hitam 0,252 gr/ 200 grBB; (K3) diberi etanol 20%

dengan volume 2 ml/ hari; K4, K5 dan K6 yaitu kelompok perlakuan diberi etanol

20% volume 2 ml, 1 jam kemudian diberi infusa teh hitam dengan dosis 0,126 gr/

200 grBB; 0,252 gr/ 200 grBB;0, 50 gr/ 200 grBB setiap hari. Pada hari ke 31

hewan coba diterminasi dan diambil jaringan hepar, pankreas, dan renal.

Kemudian dilakukan pembuatan sediaan histopatologi pada organ hepar dan

ginjal, sediaan dengan pewarnaan histokimia Victoria blue.

Hasil: Pengamatan dan analisis sediaan histopatologi hepar menunjukkan

adanya perbedaan bermakna p=0,004 (p<0,05);sediaan pankreas menunjukkan

adanya perbedaan bermakna jumlah rata-rata sel alfa dan sel beta pulau

Langerhans pankreas, yaitu p=0,002 untuk sel alfa dan 0,00 untuk sel beta

(p<0,05); sediaan renal menunjukkan adanya perbedaan bermakna rata skor

kerusakan ginjal p=0,001 (p<0,05).

Kesimpulan: Infusa teh hitam memperbaiki gambaran histopatologi hepar

dan ren, serta meningkatkan jumlah sel-sel alfa dan sel-sel beta pankreas pada

tikus putih (Sprague Dawley) yang diberi etanol 20% kronik.
PATOFISIOLOGI STROKE ISKEMIA PADA ANAK DENGAN SICKLE CELL DISEASE
Authors: Harisa Nella Harisa , . Paryono , Dahlan Pernodjo
Published: July 2019

Stroke pada anak relatif lebih jarang dijumpai bila dibanding dengan pada

orang dewasa. Meskipun mekanisme dari stroke iskemia pada anak dan dewasa

adalah sama namun perbedaan yang paling mendasar dari keduanya adalah

bahwa faktor risiko stroke pada anak sangat beragam. Pada pasien dewasa, faktor

risiko vaskular (hipertensi, diabetes, merokok, dislipidemia) yang dikenal dengan

faktor klasik dapat ditemukan secara jelas. Tidak demikian dengan penyebab

stroke pada anak, di mana dilaporkan yang paling sering adalah penyakit jantung

kongenital serta kelainan hematologi.

Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) adalah salah satu penyebab paling umum dari

stroke pada anak, di mana anak dengan SCD berpotensi 300 kali lebih tinggi

daripada anak tanpa SCD. Angka rekurensi cukup tinggi dan dapat mencapai

20%, bahkan pada kasus dengan faktor risiko multipel, angka rekurensi mencapai

42%.

Hemoglobin S sebagai dasar patologis pada SCD ternyata bukan hanya

menyebabkan perubahan membran eritrosit sickle menjadi kaku sehingga

membuat sel darah ini sulit melewati pembuluh-pembuluh darah terutama yang

kecil dan mengakibatkan vasooklusi. Namun juga menjadikan eritrosit menjadi

lebih mudah pecah (hemolisis) dan memperparah kondisi dengan adanya deplesi

nitric oxide (NO) dan arginine sebagai akibat lepasnya sel plasma bebas

intravaskular. Rangkaian proses kompleks tersebut diikuti dengan injuri endotel

akibat hipoksia, peningkatan stres oksidatif, adhesi abnormal dari sickle eritrosit

ke endotel, dan peradangan yang disebabkan oleh kondisi reperfusion injury.
Women Authorship of Scholarly Publications in STEMM: Authorship Puzzle
Authors: Bhagat Vijay
Published: July 2019

The continued underrepresentation of women in scholarly activities slows down the scientific progress of any country. Several studies have analyzed the women representation in authorship of scholarly publications in Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics and Medicine (STEMM). Women account only 30% of overall authorship of scholarly articles. Prestigious authorships like first-, last- and corresponding authors also show significant underrepresentation of women. Women as first authors are significantly increasing since last decades; however, growth of last authors is not significant and share of corresponding authors not changed. Women show low overall impact of scholarly publications due to lower productivity but not for quality of publication. This gender authorship puzzle can be solved by adopting gender responsive planning and management. Therefore, systematic efforts to understand the gender disparities in scholarly publications, authorship citations and collaborations require for achieving significant positive change in the share of women in academic authorship, impact and career. The field is new, active, attractive and interesting area of research to achieve gender equality in scientific research and publications for social welfare.
PUBLIKASI PEMBERITAAN DALAM PEMBENTUKAN CITRA LEMBAGA
Authors: Mukaromah Mukaromah , Yusriana Amida
Published: July 2019

Mass media is one of the media publications to the public in the formation of the Image. Important positive images are formed to foster public trust. News in the newspaper media is still interesting to be appointed in an effort to build a positive image of educational institutions. In addition to targeting the masses of young people, higher education institutions also target parents who are still familiar with conventional media such as newspapers. The case study in this study was Dian Nuswantoro University (Udinus) and news in the Suara Merdeka newspaper. Suara Merdeka is interesting to be appointed because the local  central Java newspaper has amounts of printing and is still an alternative reading in the Central Java region where this segmentation is in line with Udinus segmentation which is domiciled in Semarang, Central Java.
This study aims to analyze the theme of news that often arises about the institution, the frequency of occurrence of coverage in certain periodizations. Furthermore, this can be observed how the reporting of a media that has the power to shape the image of the institution. The method used is quantitative content analysis, which describes how the contents of the media using thematic and physical recording units are analyzed using the concept of public relations about media and the formation of the image of the institution.

The result can be seen that there are 9 sections in Suara Merdeka which present Udinus related news, namely Semarang Metro rubric, Edukasia, Screen, Page 1, Business Economy, Around Young Tugu, Salatiga News, Youth Voice Expressions. Screen Rubric occupies the highest position in the news, which is 70.3%. For the
theme that is often reported, there are four types of reporting, namely news related to the world of academics (products), related to environmental responsibility (CSR), reporting related the environment and reporting related
to the activities of communicating the activities of the institution.

 
Studi Fenomenologis tentang Pengalaman Kesepian dan Kesejahteraan Subjektif pada Janda Lanjut Usia
Authors: Sessiani Lucky Ade
Published: July 2019

Elderly women experience loneliness related to unexpected situations of partner loss (husband's death). Loneliness can have an impact on subjective well-being, life satisfaction, quality of life, mental and physical health, and even death. The purpose of this study was to describe and understand experiences related to loneliness for elderly widows. The subjects involved were 6 (six) widows due to the death of their husbands (widowed), widows of more than 1 year, and no history of psychological disorders. Methods of data collection using interviews and observation. This study resulted in the conclusion that an elderly widow can experience loneliness due to the loss of a spouse who is taken away by death. Subjective well-being and perceived life satisfaction are the results of a religious coping strategy that is effective in over­coming loneliness experienced. When feelings of losing a spouse can be overcome by religious behavior, enthusiasm for survival and re-establishing social interaction, the elderly can feel well-being and life satisfaction.
Pembunuhan Suami oleh Istri dalam Konteks Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga dan Penghukuman yang Dialaminya
Authors: Susanti Vinita
Published: July 2019

This article discusses the experience of women accused of 'killing' their husbands, with the punishment they experienced. The type of research is feminist, with a qualitative approach. Women who commit killings against their own husbands, in criminology are said to be 'typical' crimes. In a positivist (normative) legal review, these women are said to be perpetrators of murder crimes. From a crimi­no­logical point of view, the perpetrator actually shows his position as a victim of domestic violence. The crimes com­mitted by them are gender-based crimes. The focus of this paper is about punishments given to those who do not always use the PKDRT Law, even though they are within the household sphere. This study showed the experience of wives accused of being the perpetrators of murder crimes, who were victims, which had implications for the form of punishment against them. In criminology known as victims who become perpetrators.
The initial experience of implantation of the left ventricular assist device “Sputnik” at a cardiac surgery center
Authors: Chernyavskiy A. , Doronin D. , Fomichev A. , Karaskov A.
Published: July 2019

Aim. To assess the initial experience of implantation of the left ventricular assist device Sputnik as a bridge to transplantation.
Methods. The results of the first 11 Sputnik implantations performed at Meshalkin National Medical Research Center (Novosibirsk, Russia) were assessed. The 11 patients (9 men and 2 women) whose results were assessed had severe heart failure and received Sputnik as a bridge to transplantation between May 2013 and June 2018.
Results. The duration of mechanical heart support received using Sputnik ranged from 95 to 470 days (mean = 240 ± 119 days). Seven patients (64%) underwent successful orthotopic heart transplantation at 103–338 days after implantation of the left ventricular bypass system. One patient died from hemorrhagic stroke 1 year after Sputnik implantation, and another died from sudden ventricular fibrillation at home. One patient is currently awaiting heart transplantation.
Conclusion. According to the initial experience, long-term implantation of the left ventricular assist device Sputnik is a highly efficient and reliable approach, and it can be used as a bridge to transplantation in patients with terminal heart failure.
Received 3 September 2018. Revised 26 November 2018. Accepted 30 November 2018.
Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.
Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.
Quality of life of patients with critical lower limb ischemia after prolonged spinal cord stimulation
Authors: Ashurkov A. , Levin E. , Murtazin V. , Kiselev R. , Kilychukov M. , Klinkova A. , Kamenskaya O. , Orlov K. , Shabalov V. , Karaskov A.
Published: July 2019

Background. Several previous studies have demonstrated that spinal cord stimulation (SCS) can reduce the amputation rate in patients with critical lower limb ischemia (CLLI) and improve blood circulation parameters of the lower limbs. However, there is a lack of studies on the long-term effects of SCS on the quality of life (QoL) of patients with CLLI. Aim. The present study aimed to assess QoL changes in patients with CLLI after SCS system implantation in the long run (i.e., 30–60 months).Methods. This study included 38 patients with CLLI (10 females, 28 males; age range: 39–83 years) who underwent surgery in 2012–2016. QoL was analyzed using the SF-36 questionnaire before and 30–60 months after SCS. The mortality and amputation rates and amputation levels of the patients were also analyzed. The SF-36 questionnaire scores were normalized according to the data of the respective sex and age groups in the general Russian population. The obtained scores were analyzed in their dynamics and compared with the scores of the general population.Results. The preoperative scores of three of four physical well-being QoL parameters of the patients significantly reduced compared with the scores of the general population (p < 0.001). However, the scores of mental well-being QoL parameters were close to those of the general population. The total physical well-being score reduced (37.9 ± 9.2 points), whereas the total mental well-being score was within the medium range (48.1 ± 8.3 points). At 30–60 months after SCS system implantation, 5 patients or their representatives were unavailable, 12 died, 3 underwent amputation at the tibial level, and 16 showed preserved support function of the legs (2 of these patients underwent toe amputation). SCS system failure was noted in 3 patients. Patients with preserved support function of the legs completed the SF-36 questionnaire at 30–60 months after SCS system implantation. All QoL parameter scores showed increases, and the total postoperative physical well-being score of these patients was close to that of the general population (46.3 ± 10.6 points, p = 0.050 compared with the preoperative score). However, the total mental well-being score of the patients was higher than that of the general population (57.9 ± 3.8 points, p = 0.041). Conclusion. SCS does not reduce the mortality rate in patients with CLLI compared with conservative therapy. However, it reduces the amputation rate in patients who survive. Significant positive changes in QoL persist for a long time after SCS system implantation in most patients.
Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.
Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.
The immediate results of valve-sparing complete repair of tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Kozyrev I. , Morozov A. , Grekhov E. , Averkin I. , Gordeev M. , Latypov A.
Published: July 2019

Aim. The present study aimed to evaluate the immediate results after the primary valve-sparing complete repair of tetralogy of Fallot.Methods. The study included patients with tetralogy of Fallot who were aged <6 months and who underwent primary complete repair between January 2017 and December 2018. According to the surgical approach, the patients were divided into two groups: valve-sparing repair and transannular plasty. Data were obtained from medical records and included echocardiography findings and surgical information. The dimensions of the pulmonary valve were assessed using Z-scores.Results. In total, 38 patients were included in this study. Among these, 25 (66%) patients were included in the valve-sparing repair group. The valve-sparing repair group had lower cardiopulmonary bypass time, epinephrine support duration, and pulmonary valve Z-scores than the transannular plasty group. Additionally, the valve-sparing repair group had a significantly higher postoperative pulmonary valve Z-score than the preoperative score. Conclusion. Valve-sparing complete repair of tetralogy of Fallot is possible in the majority of patients. Pulmonary valve preservation reduces cardiopulmonary bypass time and provides a more stable early postoperative period by reducing the epinephrine support duration.Received 13 March 2019. Revised 24 March 2019. Accepted 8 April 2019.Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.
Graphene and Graphene-Based Materials in Biomedical Applications
Authors: Ansari Mohammad Omaish , Gauthaman Kalamegam , Essa Abdurahman , Bencherif Sidi A. , Memic Adnan
Published: July 2019

:

Nanobiotechnology has huge potential in the field of regenerative medicine. One of the main
drivers has been the development of novel nanomaterials. One developing class of materials is graphene
and its derivatives recognized for their novel properties present on the nanoscale. In particular,
graphene and graphene-based nanomaterials have been shown to have excellent electrical, mechanical,
optical and thermal properties. Due to these unique properties coupled with the ability to tune their
biocompatibility, these nanomaterials have been propelled for various applications. Most recently, these
two-dimensional nanomaterials have been widely recognized for their utility in biomedical research. In
this review, a brief overview of the strategies to synthesize graphene and its derivatives are discussed.
Next, the biocompatibility profile of these nanomaterials as a precursor to their biomedical application
is reviewed. Finally, recent applications of graphene-based nanomaterials in various biomedical fields
including tissue engineering, drug and gene delivery, biosensing and bioimaging as well as other biorelated
studies are highlighted.
Molecular Docking Supplements an In vitro Determination of the Leading CYP Isoform for Arylpiperazine Derivatives
Authors: Ulenberg Szymon , Bączek Tomasz , Zieliñska Joanna , Belka Mariusz , Król Marek , Herold Franciszek
Published: July 2019

Background:

Molecular docking has often been used before to calculate in silico affinity of drugs towards their molecular target, but not to estimate leading CYP isoform responsible for metabolism of studied compounds.

Objective:

The aim of this study is to present molecular docking as a valid alternative for costly in vitro studies resulting in estimation of leading CYP isoform.

Method:

In vitro part was based on incubations of studied compounds with isolated CYP3A4 isoform followed by LC-MS analysis. The in silico stage consisted of docking three-dimensional models of the studied compounds with a three-dimensional model of the leading metabolizing isoform (CYP3A4), which was designated during the in vitro part of the study. XenoSite P450 metabolism prediction was also used to predict sites of metabolism and calculate probability values.

Results:

The calculated affinities showed a clear similarity when the in vitro results were compared with the calculated in silico affinity values. XenoSite CYP3A4 metabolism probability values also confirm significant participation of CYP3A4 in metabolism of studied compounds.

Conclusion:

Both molecular docking and XenoSite P450 metabolism prediction provide data that stands in agreement with in vitro studies, granting a more detailed spectrum on predicting CYP3A4 metabolism, and presenting molecular docking as a promising tool to cut costs and increase effectiveness in early drug development stages.
The Therapeutic Potential of Small Activating RNAs for Colorectal Carcinoma
Authors: Zheng Bin , Mai QingYun , Jiang JinXing , Zhou QinQin
Published: July 2019

Small double-strand RNAs have been recognized as master regulators of gene expression.
In contrast to the evolutionary conserved RNA interference machinery, which degrades or inhibits the
translation of target mRNAs, small activating RNA (saRNA) activates the specific gene in a target dependent
manner through a similar mechanism as RNAi. Recently, saRNA mediated expression regulation
of specific genes has been extensively studied in cancer researches. Of particular interest is the
application of the RNA mediated gene activation within colorectal cancer (CRC) development, due to
the high incidence of the CRC. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of saRNA mediated
genetic activation and its underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, we highlight the advantages of
the utilization of saRNAs induced gene expression as an investigating tool in colorectal cancer research.
Finally, the possibility and the challenge of the saRNA application as a potential therapy for
colorectal cancer are addressed.
PET Imaging of Adenosine Receptors in Diseases
Authors: Li Jindian , Hong Xingfang , Li Guoquan , Conti Peter S. , Zhang Xianzhong , Chen Kai
Published: July 2019

Adenosine receptors (ARs) are a class of purinergic G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Extracellular adenosine is a pivotal regulation molecule that adjusts physiological function through the interaction with four ARs: A1R, A2AR, A2BR, and A3R. Alterations of ARs function and expression have been studied in neurological diseases (epilepsy, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease), cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and inflammation and autoimmune diseases. A series of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) probes for imaging ARs have been developed. The PET imaging probes have provided valuable information for diagnosis and therapy of diseases related to alterations of ARs expression. This review presents a concise overview of various ARs-targeted radioligands for PET imaging in diseases. The most recent advances in PET imaging studies by using ARs-targeted probes are briefly summarized.