bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reinterpreting Sustainable Architecture: What Does It Mean Syntactically?
Authors: Lee Jae Hong
Published: August 2020

How can sustainable architecture be described spatially? Is there any way of looking at sustainable architecture from a spatial perspective? This paper aims to explore whether a syntactical viewpoint would be an appropriate focus, and attempts to address how a configurational approach contributes to our understanding of sustainable architecture. To explore the possible theoretical framework in understanding sustainable architecture from a spatial perspective, three buildings (namely, Olympic House, SK Chemicals R&D, and the Epson Innovation Center), which are recognized as the most sustainable buildings by Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design and Comprehensive Assessment System for Built Environment Efficiency, are selected and analyzed by using visibility graph analysis, a useful analytical tool in space syntax. The in-depth theoretical studies and literature reviews have suggested that the atria in sustainable architecture play a substantial role in maximizing energy efficiency, minimizing negative impacts on the environment, and generating spatial integration. Thus, it is concluded that sustainable architecture is economical in technological, environmental, and spatial ways as well.
Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process-Based Multi-Criteria Decision Making for Universities Ranking
Authors: Aliyev Rashad , Temizkan Hasan , Aliyev Rafig
Published: August 2020

High competition between universities has been increasing over the years, and stimulates higher education institutions to attain higher positions in the ranking list. Ranking is an important performance indicator of university status evaluation, and therefore plays an essential role in students’ university selection. The ranking of universities has been carried out using different techniques. Main goal of decision processes in real-life problems is to deal with the symmetry or asymmetry of different types of information. We consider that multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) is well applicable to symmetric information modelling. Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is a well-known technique of MCDM discipline, and is based on pairwise comparisons of criteria/alternatives for alternatives’ evaluation. Unfortunately, the classical AHP method is unable to deal with imprecise, vague, and subjective information used for the decision making process in complex problems. So, introducing a more advanced tool for decision making under such circumstances is inevitable. In this paper, fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) is applied for the comparison and ranking of performances of five UK universities, according to four criteria. The criteria used for the evaluation of universities’ performances are teaching, research, citations, and international outlook. It is proven that applying FAHP approach makes the system consistent, and by the calculation of coefficient of variation for all alternatives, it becomes possible to rank them in prioritized order.
Cloud Computing Services: Taxonomy of Discovery Approaches and Extraction Solutions
Authors: Mohammed Fathey , Ali Abdullah Marish , Al-Ghamdi Abdullah Saad Al-Malaise , Alsolami Fawaz , Shamsuddin Siti Mariyam , Eassa Fathy E.
Published: August 2020

Cloud computing offers new features of sharing resources and applications to meet users’ computing requirements. It is a model by which the users can access computing resources as services offered on the Internet (cloud services). Cloud service providers offer a highly diverse range of asymmetric cloud services with heterogeneous features, which makes it difficult for the users to find the best service that fits his needs. Many research studies have been done on cloud service discovery, and several models and solutions that applied different techniques have been proposed. This paper aims at presenting the state of the art in the area of cloud services discovery by exploring the current approaches, techniques, and models. Furthermore, it proposes a taxonomy of cloud service discovery approaches. An integrative review approach was used to explore the related literature. Then, by analyzing the existing cloud service discovery solutions, a taxonomy of discovery approaches was suggested based on several perspectives including the discovery environment and the discovery process methods. The proposed taxonomy allows easily classifying and comparing cloud services discovery solutions. Moreover, it may reveal issues and gaps for further research and expose new insights for more innovative and effective cloud services discovery solutions.
Non-Linear Behaviors of Transient Periodic Plasma Dynamics in a Multifractal Paradigm
Authors: Irimiciuc Stefan-Andrei , Saviuc Alexandra , Tudose-Sandu-Ville Florin , Toma Stefan , Nedeff Florin , Rusu Cristina Marcela , Agop Maricel
Published: August 2020

In a multifractal paradigm of motion, nonlinear behavior of transient periodic plasmas, such as Schrodinger and hydrodynamic-type regimes, at various scale resolutions are represented. In a stationary case of Schrodinger-type regimes, the functionality of “hidden symmetry” of the group SL (2R) is implied though Riccati–Gauge different “synchronization modes” among period plasmas’ structural units. These modes, expressed in the form of period doubling, damped oscillations, quasi-periodicity, intermittences, etc., mimic the various non-linear behaviors of the transient plasma dynamics similar to chaos transitions scenarios. In the hydrodynamic regime, the non-Newtonian behavior of the transient plasma dynamics can be corelated with the viscous tension tensor of the multifractal type. The predictions given by our theoretical model are confronted with experimental data depicting electronic and ionic oscillatory dynamics seen by implementing the Langmuir probe technique on transient plasmas generated by ns-laser ablation of nickel and manganese targets.
The Tripartite Interaction of Host Immunity–Bacillus thuringiensis Infection–Gut Microbiota
Authors: Li Shuzhong , De Mandal Surajit , Xu Xiaoxia , Jin Fengliang
Published: August 2020

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is an important cosmopolitan bacterial entomopathogen, which produces various protein toxins that have been expressed in transgenic crops. The evolved molecular interaction between the insect immune system and gut microbiota is changed during the Bt infection process. The host immune response, such as the expression of induced antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), the melanization response, and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), varies with different doses of Bt infection. Moreover, B. thuringiensis infection changes the abundance and structural composition of the intestinal bacteria community. The activated immune response, together with dysbiosis of the gut microbiota, also has an important effect on Bt pathogenicity and insect resistance to Bt. In this review, we attempt to clarify this tripartite interaction of host immunity, Bt infection, and gut microbiota, especially the important role of key immune regulators and symbiotic bacteria in the Bt killing activity. Increasing the effectiveness of biocontrol agents by interfering with insect resistance and controlling symbiotic bacteria can be important steps for the successful application of microbial biopesticides.
Quorum Sensing and Toxin Production in Staphylococcus aureus Osteomyelitis: Pathogenesis and Paradox
Authors: Butrico Casey E. , Cassat James E.
Published: August 2020

Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive pathogen capable of infecting nearly every vertebrate organ. Among these tissues, invasive infection of bone (osteomyelitis) is particularly common and induces high morbidity. Treatment of osteomyelitis is notoriously difficult and often requires debridement of diseased bone in conjunction with prolonged antibiotic treatment to resolve infection. During osteomyelitis, S. aureus forms characteristic multicellular microcolonies in distinct niches within bone. Virulence and metabolic responses within these multicellular microcolonies are coordinated, in part, by quorum sensing via the accessory gene regulator (agr) locus, which allows staphylococcal populations to produce toxins and adapt in response to bacterial density. During osteomyelitis, the Agr system significantly contributes to dysregulation of skeletal homeostasis and disease severity but may also paradoxically inhibit persistence in the host. Moreover, the Agr system is subject to complex crosstalk with other S. aureus regulatory systems, including SaeRS and SrrAB, which can significantly impact the progression of osteomyelitis. The objective of this review is to highlight Agr regulation, its implications on toxin production, factors that affect Agr activation, and the potential paradoxical influences of Agr regulation on disease progression during osteomyelitis.
Synthesis of Full-Length cDNA Infectious Clones of Soybean Mosaic Virus and Functional Identification of a Key Amino Acid in the Silencing Suppressor Hc-Pro
Authors: Bao Wenhua , Yan Ting , Deng Xiaoyi , Wuriyanghan Hada
Published: August 2020

Soybean mosaic virus (SMV), which belongs to the Potyviridae, causes significant reductions in soybean yield and seed quality. In this study, both tag-free and reporter gene green fluorescent protein (GFP)-containing infectious clones for the SMV N1 strain were constructed by Gibson assembly and with the yeast homologous recombination system, respectively. Both infectious clones are suitable for agroinfiltration on the model host N. benthamiana and show strong infectivity for the natural host soybean and several other legume species. Both infectious clones were seed transmitted and caused typical virus symptoms on seeds and progeny plants. We used the SMV-GFP infectious clone to further investigate the role of key amino acids in the silencing suppressor helper component-proteinase (Hc-Pro). Among twelve amino acid substitution mutants, the co-expression of mutant 2—with an Asparagine→Leucine substitution at position 182 of the FRNK (Phe-Arg-Asn-Lys) motif—attenuated viral symptoms and alleviated the host growth retardation caused by SMV. Moreover, the Hc-Prom2 mutant showed stronger oligomerization than wild-type Hc-Pro. Taken together, the SMV infectious clones will be useful for studies of host–SMV interactions and functional gene characterization in soybeans and related legume species, especially in terms of seed transmission properties. Furthermore, the SMV-GFP infectious clone will also facilitate functional studies of both virus and host genes in an N. benthamiana transient expression system.
Extracellular Vesicles in Viral Replication and Pathogenesis and Their Potential Role in Therapeutic Intervention
Authors: Kumar Asit , Kodidela Sunitha , Tadrous Erene , Cory Theodore James , Walker Crystal Martin , Smith Amber Marie , Mukherjee Ahona , Kumar Santosh
Published: August 2020

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have shown their potential as a carrier of molecular information, and they have been involved in physiological functions and diseases caused by viral infections. Virus-infected cells secrete various lipid-bound vesicles, including endosome pathway-derived exosomes and microvesicles/microparticles that are released from the plasma membrane. They are released via a direct outward budding and fission of plasma membrane blebs into the extracellular space to either facilitate virus propagation or regulate the immune responses. Moreover, EVs generated by virus-infected cells can incorporate virulence factors including viral protein and viral genetic material, and thus can resemble noninfectious viruses. Interactions of EVs with recipient cells have been shown to activate signaling pathways that may contribute to a sustained cellular response towards viral infections. EVs, by utilizing a complex set of cargos, can play a regulatory role in viral infection, both by facilitating and suppressing the infection. EV-based antiviral and antiretroviral drug delivery approaches provide an opportunity for targeted drug delivery. In this review, we summarize the literature on EVs, their associated involvement in transmission in viral infections, and potential therapeutic implications.
Problems and Countermeasures of River Management in the Process of Rapid Urbanization in China
Authors: Zhao Ziyang , Wang Hongrui , Zhang Yuanyuan , Deng Caiyun , Xie Qiong , Wang Cheng
Published: August 2020

The rapid process of urbanization has led to water pollution, reduction of space areas and channel deposition. However, current river protection and management levels are not suitable for city development level and human demand. Therefore, these problems have not yet been solved. China is still in an era of rapid urbanization, which means that the influence of urbanization in rivers will increase in the future—and the task of river protection and management will be more arduous. In order to meet the challenges and opportunities brought by urbanization and promote the sustainable use and management of river, this study puts forward relevant suggestions on river protection and management, such as river management mechanisms, economic incentive instruments, technical support, transformation of development concepts, improving laws, regulations and policies and stimulating public participation.
The Impact of Human Interventions and Changes in
Climate on the Hydro-Chemical Composition of
Techirghiol Lake (Romania)
Authors: Maftei Carmen , Buta Constantin , Carazeanu Popovici Ionela
Published: August 2020

The aim of this study is to establish the potential effect of changes in climate and anthropic interventions made over time on the hydro-chemical properties of the Techirghiol Lake. Located in the littoral region of the Black Sea, Techirghiol Lake is the most hypersaline lake of Romania—well-known for the therapeutic properties of the saline water and sapropelic mud. Long-term time series of salinity and water level were investigated in relation to the lake water inputs (precipitation, overland flow and groundwater), to chemical parameters (pH, DO and BOD5) and also to the hydraulic works designed and built in the region. The obtained results reveal a degradation of this ecosystem in the period of 1970–1998, when the extensive irrigation practice in the proximity of the lake had a negative effect on the water budget of Techirghiol Lake (an increased freshwater input through runoff and seepage), followed by a major decrease of the lake’s salinity.
A Novel Humidification Technique Used in Water Desalination Systems Based on the Humidification–Dehumidification Process: Experimentally and Theoretically
Authors: E. Tourab Ahmed , Blanco-Marigorta Ana María , M. Elharidi Aly , Suárez-López María José
Published: August 2020

In this paper, an experimental and theoretical investigation is performed on a novel water desalination system based on a humidification–dehumidification technique using a heat pump. An ultrasonic water atomizer is used in the humidification process in order to improve the humidification system. In addition to that, a new configuration is employed in the humidification process (hybrid atomization system), which combines the traditional spraying atomization system and the ultrasonic water atomizer. The new humidification system performance is investigated and compared with the spraying water atomizer system in terms of humidification effectiveness and freshwater productivity. The results show that the ultrasonic water atomizer has enhanced and improved humidification effectiveness, and consequently, the productivity of freshwater. The maximum humidification effectiveness and productivity achieved by the ultrasonic water atomizer are 94.9% and 4.9 kg/h, respectively, meaning an increase of 25.2% and 18.8%, compared to the traditional spraying atomization system. The hybrid system increases humidification effectiveness and productivity by 3.8% and 8.2%, respectively, in comparison with the stand-alone ultrasonic water atomizer. A cost analysis was also carried out in this paper in order to perform an economic comparison of different humidification processes (spraying, ultrasonic; and hybrid atomization systems). The minimum production cost of one liter of freshwater amounts to $0.0311 with the spraying system, $0.0251 with the ultrasonic system, and $0.0250 with the hybrid atomization system. These results reveal the profitability of the new configuration.
The Role of Topography on the Shape of Unit Hydrographs in Small and Medium Sized Watersheds through a Physical Model
Authors: Del Rio Alicia A. , Ramirez Aldo I. , Sanchez Mauricio A.
Published: August 2020

This study intends to establish the main relations between topographic characteristics of the watershed and the main parameters of the unit hydrograph measured at the outlet. It looks to remove the subjectivity found in traditional synthetic methods and the trial and error setting of the main parameters of the hydrograph. The work was developed through physical experimentation of the rainfall-runoff process using the observed information of different watersheds of Chiapas, Mexico, as the reference. The experiments were carried out on a state-of-the-art semi-automatic runoff simulator, which was designed and built specifically for this study. Polynomial regression and fuzzy logic models were obtained to confirm the hypothesis of hydrological parameters being obtained from topographic data only by assuming uniform precipitation. Empirical relations were found for the peak flow, time to peak, base time and volume of the unit hydrograph and the watershed area, the main stream average slope, and the length of the stream of highest order. The main finding is that a unit hydrograph can be described based only on the watershed area when fuzzy logic models are applied.
Enhanced Sulfamerazine Removal via Adsorption–Photocatalysis Using Bi2O3–TiO2/PAC Ternary Nanoparticles
Authors: Zhuang Xiaoxuan , Li Xing , Yang Yanling , Wang Nan , Shang Yi , Zhou Zhiwei , Li Jiaqi , Wang Huiping
Published: August 2020

The presence of sulfonamides (SAs) in water has received increasing attention due to the risk to ecosystems. The adsorption and photocatalysis performance for sulfamerazine (SMZ) of Bi2O3–TiO2 supported on powdered activated carbon (Bi2O3–TiO2/PAC) nanoparticles was evaluated. The amount of doped Bi2O3 not only influenced the photocatalytic performance but also impacted the adsorption capacity. The adsorption mass transfer mechanism of Bi2O3–TiO2/PAC was elucidated and is further discussed in combination with the photocatalytic mechanism. It was indicated that Bi2O3–TiO2/PAC(10%–700 °C) performed best, and the SMZ removal by the adsorption–photocatalysis of Bi2O3–TiO2/PAC(10%–700 °C) reached 95.5%. Adsorption onto active sites was a major adsorption step, and external diffusion was assisted. Superoxide radical (●O2−) and hole (h+) were identified as the major reactive oxygen species (ROS) for SMZ removal. Benzene ring fracture, SO2 extrusion and nitrogenated SMZ were proposed as the main pathways for photocatalysis. Meanwhile, alkaline conditions enhanced photocatalytic performance, while contrary effects were observed for adsorption. The adsorption–photocatalysis removal performance for SMZ in lake water was better than that for river water. It can be generalized for the potential application of photocatalysis coupling with adsorption to remove refractory antibiotics in water.
A Compound Approach for Monthly Runoff Forecasting Based on Multiscale Analysis and Deep Network with Sequential Structure
Authors: Chen Shi , Dong Shuning , Cao Zhiguo , Guo Junting
Published: August 2020

Accurate runoff forecasting is of great significance for the optimization of water resource management and regulation. Given such a challenge, a novel compound approach combining time-varying filtering-based empirical mode decomposition (TVFEMD), sample entropy (SE)-based subseries recombination, and the newly developed deep sequential structure incorporating convolutional neural network (CNN) into a gated recurrent unit network (GRU) is proposed for monthly runoff forecasting. Firstly, the runoff series is disintegrated into a collection of subseries adopting TVFEMD, considering the volatility of runoff series caused by complex environmental and human factors. The subseries recombination strategy based on SE and recombination criterion is employed to reconstruct the subseries possessing the approximate complexity. Subsequently, the newly developed deep sequential structure based on CNN and GRU (CNNGRU) is applied to predict all the preprocessed subseries. Eventually, the predicted values obtained above are aggregated to deduce the ultimate prediction results. To testify to the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed approach, eight relevant contrastive models were applied to the monthly runoff series collected from Baishan reservoir, where the experimental results demonstrated that the evaluation metrics obtained by the proposed model achieved an average index decrease of 44.35% compared with all the contrast models.
Effect of Pulse Drip Irrigation Duration on Water Distribution Uniformity
Authors: Lozano David , Ruiz Natividad , Baeza Rafael , Contreras Juana I. , Gavilán Pedro
Published: August 2020

Developing an appropriate irrigation schedule is essential in order to save water while at the same time maintaining high crop yields. The standard procedures of the field evaluation of distribution uniformity do not take into account the effects of the filling and emptying phases of the irrigation system. We hypothesized that, in sloping sandy soils, when short drip irrigation pulses are applied it is important to take into account the total water applied from the beginning of irrigation until the emptying of the irrigation system. To compute distribution uniformity, we sought to characterize the filling, stable pressure, and emptying phases of a standard strawberry irrigation system. We found that the shorter the time of the irrigation pulse, the worse the distribution uniformity and the potential application efficiency or zero deficit are. This effect occurs because as the volume of water applied during filling and emptying phases increases, the values of the irrigation performance indicators decrease. Including filling and emptying phases as causes of non-uniformity has practical implications for the management of drip irrigation systems in sloping sandy soils.
Experimental and Numerical Analyses on Mixing Uniformity of Water and Saline in Pipe Flow
Authors: Sun Bin , Lu Yuanbo , Liu Quan , Fang Hongyuan , Zhang Chao , Zhang Jinping
Published: August 2020

Liquid—liquid mixing is commonly observed in many applications such as the chlorination of water supplies and the agricultural fertigation. In order to study the mixing law of water-chlorine or water-fertilizer in a turbulent pipeline, saline was selected as a tracer injected into the pipeline. In this paper, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software was employed to study flow fields in water-saline pipelines. Four variates (mixing ratio δ, pipe diameter D, volume flow rate in the main pipe Q, saline density ρs) were considered to investigate the effects of multiple variates on mixing uniformity. The coefficient of variation (COV) was selected as the evaluation index of mixing uniformity, effective mixing length (LEML, the distance from the saline inlet to the fully mixed position) was chosen to quantitatively analyze the fully mixed position of water and saline in pipelines. The results of this numerical model agree well with experimental measurements and it shows that this model can effectively predict the concentration field of water and saline in the pipeline. Based on the experimental and simulated results, it was found that for the fixed mixing ratio, saline density and volume flow rate, the values of LEML increased significantly with increasing pipe diameters. Furthermore, dimensional analysis (D-A) was adopted to examine the influences of the four variates on LEML, and their correlation coefficient of the curve-fitting equation was calculated to be 0.996.
Суб’єкти державного регулювання в галузі авіаційного транспорту та їх адміністративно-правовий статус
Authors: Брусакова О.
Published: August 2020

Дослідження присвячено аналізу правового змісту поняття суб’єкт управління. Уточнено властивості, характеристики і особливості, що притаманні «суб’єктам адміністративного регулювання в галузі авіації», викладене авторське визначення цього поняття. Зроблено висновок, що основна особливість управління галуззю авіаційного транспорту полягає у складності системи, що утворюють органи виконавчої влади на яких законодавством покладається функція з її регулювання. Акцентовано увагу, що характерною для діяльності зазначених органів є необхідність вироблення спільних рішень у межах розподілу їх компетенції, наприклад, у питаннях створення нормативно-правових актів з питань використання повітряного простору України відповідними уповноваженими органами.
ANALISIS PENGARUH DESENTRALISASI DAN SISTEM AKUNTANSI MANAJEMEN TERHADAP KINERJA MANAJERIAL (Studi Kasus Pada PT. Charoen Pokhpand Indonesia Tbk. Cabang Makassar)
Authors: Hasan Asriani , Randi Randi
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh desentralisasi dan sistem akuntansi manajemen terhadap kinerja manajerial di PT. Charoen Pokhpand Indonesia Tbk Cabang Makassar. Penelitian ini menerapkan metode kuantitatif dengan menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda. Data dalam penelitian ini merupakan data yang diperoleh dari responden PT. Charoen Pokhpand Indonesia Tbk. Cabang Makassar dengan cara pengambilan sampel sebanyak 60 responden. Pada penelitian ini diperoleh nilai konstanta sebesar 27,604. Nilai signifikansi untuk pengaruh desentralisasi  terhadap kinerja manajerial  yaitu sebesar  dengan nilai  dan nilai koefisiennya sebesar . Selanjutnya,nilai signifikansi pengaruh sistem akuntansi manajemen  terhadap kinerja manajerial  yaitu sebesar  dengan nilai  dan nilai koefisen regresi sebesar . Temuan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kinerja manajerial dipengaruhi oleh desentralisasi dan sistem akuntansi manajemen. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa desentralisasi dan sistem akuntansi manajemen baik digunakan dalam pengambilan keputusan untuk meningkatkan kinerja pada perusahaan.
Kinerja Saluran Drainase Terhadap Genangan Air Pada Bahu Jalan D. I. Panjaitan Menuju Bundaran Pesawat Lepo-Lepo
Authors: Rustan Fathur Rahman , Aprianti Erika , Abdullah Ahmad Taufik , Puspaningtyas Retno
Published: August 2020

ABSTRAK

 

Wilayah kelurahan Wundudopi tepatnya pada ruas jalan D. I. Panjaitan menuju sekitaran Bundaran Pesawat Kota Kendari mempunyai persoalan kinerja saluran drainase yang menyebabkan adanya genangan air pada bahu maupun badan jalan yang dapat mengganggu aktifitas masyarakat serta arus lalu lintas disaat musim hujan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kinerja saluran drainase terhadap genangan air pada bahu jalan di kelurahan Wundudopi. Dalam menganalisis kinerja saluran drainase dilakukan analisis kapasitas tampung saluran, perhitungan dilakukan berdasarkan debit rencana, kemudian di dapatkan dimensi saluran rencana dan kapasitas tampungnya. Setelah itu, kapasitas tampung saluran drainase rencana kemudian dibandingkan dengan kapasitas tampung saluran eksisting berdasarkan dimensi saluran eksisting yang ada. Berdasarkan perhitungan dan kondisi eksisting di lapangan diperoleh hasil bahwa saluran drainase yang nilai kapasitas tampung saluran rencananya lebih besar dibandingkan kapasitas tampung saluran ekisting yaitu: S5. Selain persoalan kapasitas tampung saluran ada beberapa faktor yang menjadi penyebab adanya genangan air yaitu: pola aliran, sistem gorong-gorong, sedimentasi, sampah, rerumputan, dan dimensi yang rusak. Diperlukan solusi terhadap permasalahan yang ada dengan cara perubahan dimensi saluran, dan adanya normalisasi saluran secara berkala.

 

Kata Kunci: Kinerja Saluran Drainase, Genangan Air, Bahu Jalan
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENGENAL LAMBANG BILANGAN MELALUI METODE PERMAINAN LOMPAT ANGKA UNTUK ANAK USIA 4-5 TAHUN DI RA DARUSSALAM SUMBERMANJING-MALANG
Authors: Aminatuz Zuhriyah  , Ratih Permata Sari
Published: August 2020

Proses pembelajaran anak usia dini dilakukan dengan teknik “belajar serayanya bermain”. Peningkatan kreatifitas pendidik dalam menciptakan inovasi pemainan dalam belajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan mengenal lambang bilangan pada anak usia 4-5 tahun di RA Darussalam Sumberkembang Sumbermanjing-Malang. Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (Action Research) dengan menggunakan dua siklus diterapkan pada anak usia 4-5 tahun. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi.  Hasil observasi sebelum tindakan menunjukkan bahwa Peningkatan kemampuan mengenal lambang bilangan terjadi mulai dari pra tindakan, siklus I hingga pada siklus II. Pada pra tindakan, persentase mengenal lambang bilangan pada anak yang mencapai prosentase 45,83%, pada siklus I  mencapai prosentase 63,42% dan pada siklus II mencapai prosentase 82,87%. Penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode permainan sangat efektif dalam meningkatkan aspek perkembangan terutama pada kemampuan kognitif melalui pembelajaran mengenal lambang bilangan untuk anak usia dini.
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA BAHASA ARAB MELALUI METODE BERNYANYI PADA ANAK KELOMPOK B DI PAUD AL-MADANIY GONDANGLEGI-MALANG
Authors: Dahlia Amalia  , Afifatu Rohmawati
Published: August 2020

Peningkatan keterampilan berbicara bahasa arab  melalui metode bernyanyi yang menunjukkan bahwa adanya permasalahan dalam pembelajaran bahasa arab terhadap anak yang telah dikembangkan disekolah masing kurang menarik. Sehingga, peneliti merancang konsep pembelajaran bahasa arab dengan menggunakan metode bernyanyi. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (Action Research). Teknik pengumpulan data melalui penerapan  siklus, dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil temuan menunjukkan bahwa adanya peningkatan keterampilan berbicara bahasa arab melalui metode bernyanyi yang ditunjukkan melalui peningkatan ketuntasan belajar dengan prosentase 30%. Peningkatan  pada  siklus I dengan prosentase 53% dan peningkatan pada siklus II dengan prosentase 83%. Maka, peningkatan keterampilan berbicara bahasa arab melalui metode bernyanyi pada anak kelompok B antara siklus I ke siklus II  sebesar  30%. Pada hasil yang di peroleh metode bernyanyi sangat efektif dan efisien dalam meningkatkan keterampilan berbicara bahasa arab melalui teknik menghafal.
APLIKASI UNTUK MENGUBAH NOT ANGKA MENJADI NOT BALOK DALAM PARTITUR DISERTAI FITUR ‘MEDIA PLAYER’
Authors: Handika Lubis Sani
Published: August 2020

Aplikasi untuk mengubah not angka menjadi not balok dalam partitur disertai fitur ‘media player’ ini menyoroti konversi not dengan cara yang mudah. Program aplikasi ini mendapatkan inputan berupa not angka. Inputan ini akan diproses menjadi not balok beserta tanda-tandanya. Proses transposisi dilakukan dengan cara mengubah not angka menjadi not balok berdasarkan tangga nada do = C. Proses transposisi ini dilakukan satu-persatu untuk setiap not angka, sehingga pada akhirnya seluruh not angka berhasil dirubah menjadi not balok. Dalam proses transposisi ini tanda awal dan tanda accidental perlu mendapat perhatian, karena baik tanda awal maupun tanda accidental akan sangat mempengaruhi hasil transposisi. Setelah proses transposisi selesai, maka akan didapatkan not balok beserta tanda-tandanya yang merupakan hasil konversi dari not angka yang diinputkan. Pada program aplikasi ini juga terdapat fasilitas untuk mendengarkan bunyi nada dari not balok yang dihasilkan. Metode waterfall digunakan dalam pengembangan aplikasi ini. Aplikasi ini menggunakan bahasa pemrograman Borland Delphi 7.0 dan Microsoft Access sebagai database.
Novel Clustering Schemes for Full and Compact Polarimetric SAR Data: An Application for Rice Phenology Characterization
Authors: Dey Subhadip , Bhattacharya Avik , Ratha Debanshu , Mandal Dipankar , McNairn Heather , Sanchez Juan M Lopez , Rao Y S
Published: August 2020

Information on rice phenological stages from Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images is of prime interest for in-season monitoring. Often, prior in-situ measurements of phenology are not available. In such situations, unsupervised clustering of SAR images might help in discriminating phenological stages of a crop throughout its growing period. Among the existing unsupervised clustering techniques using full-polarimetric (FP) SAR images, the eigenvalue-eigenvector based roll-invariant scattering-type parameter, and the scattering entropy parameter are widely used in the literature. In this study, we utilize a unique target scattering-type parameter, which jointly uses the Barakat degree of polarization and the elements of the polarimetric coherency matrix. Likewise, we also utilize an equivalent parameter proposed for compact-polarimetric (CP) SAR data. These scattering-type parameters are analogous to the Cloude-Pottier's parameter for FP SAR data and the ellipticity parameter for CP SAR data. Besides this, we also introduce new clustering schemes for both FP and CP SAR data for segmenting diverse scattering mechanisms across the phenological stages of rice. In this study, we use the RADARSAT-2 FP and simulated CP SAR data acquired over the Indian test site of Vijayawada under the Joint Experiment for Crop Assessment and Monitoring (JECAM) initiative. The temporal analysis of the scattering-type parameters and the new clustering schemes help us to investigate detailed scattering characteristics from rice across its phenological

stages.
Analysis and Optimization of DC Supply Range for the ESP32 Development Board
Authors: Kim Joshua
Published: August 2020

ESP32 is becoming a popular and potential game-changer in the IoT industry. Once a code completed, to take off without a USB power, questions rise about powering it; What’s the feasible external voltage range? What’s the current? Which cell battery? And so on. These questions cannot be quickly resolved by only skimming datasheets.

This paper went over to clarify the obscure information about the DC supply range for the ESP32 development board, especially ESP32-DevKitC V4. The investigation, calculation, experiments, and LTspice simulation disclosed the result. Starting from getting relevance facts from datasheets of essential components on the board, calculated thermal conditions of the heated element, experimented to confirm the deliberate and get empirical data while code running including GPIO and WiFi, and ended with simulation ensure the data.

This paper concludes the following result points. The minimum supply voltage is 3.6 V to run an ESP32 module. The supply voltage should be under 10 V for both input capacitor rated voltage and LDO junction temperature rating. The thermal restriction was calculated at an ambient temperature of 25 °C and tried and tested. For a more harsh environment, this way could derate the upper limit voltage. An external power should supply current well over average 100 mA, a good 1 A. In terms of battery, this range reassures that an ESP32 can run with a single cell LiPo. Regarding the USB, both the high power and low power port can supply sufficiently. While an external supply being no less than 5.2 V, both the USB and external sources could work simultaneously.
Profil Kemampuan Berpikir Analisis Siswa Pada Materi Pencemaran Lingkungan
Authors: Kartikawati Eka , Cahyani Astri Fajar , Amirullah Gufron
Published: August 2020

Kemampuan berpikir analisis merupakan salah satu kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi yang harus dimiliki oleh siswa. Melalui berpikir analisis siswa dapat melihat suatu permasalahan secara menyeluruh untuk menemukan inti permasalahan yang terjadi dikehidupan sehari-hari serta mencari cara penyelesaiannya. Studi ini meyelidiki tentang kemampuan berpikir analisis siswa pada materi pencemaran lingkungan dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Sebanyak 101 siswa kelas XI MIPA yang digunakan sebagai sampel penelitian, sampel diambil dengan cara Cluster Random Sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan soal tes kemampuan berpikir analisis, kuesioner dan wawancara guru. Analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif dengan rumus persentase (NP). Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dapat deskripsikan bahwa kemampuan berpikir analisis siswa pada tiga indikator, yaitu mengorganisasi sebesar 73,49% (baik), membedakan sebesar 66,90% (baik) dan mengatribusi sebesar 76,57% (baik). Faktor pendukung dari faktor internal dan eksternal berupa sumber referensi (82,89%), metode pembelajaran (84,86%) dan evaluasi pembelajaran (87,06%). Faktor penghambat dari faktor internal dan eksternal berupa Intelegensi (47,76%), minat siswa (60,20%) dan lingkungan (52,82%). Kemampuan berpikir analisis siswa kelas XI MIPA di SMA Negeri 4 Kota Bekasi termasuk kedalam kategori baik. Terdapat faktor pendukung dan penghambat yang mempengaruhinya.

Kata kunci: Berpikir Analisis, Pencemaran Lingkungan
Determinan Kualitas Laporan Keuangan Pemerintah Daerah Kota Sukabumi
Authors: Zulkarnain Zulkarnain , Ningrum Dahlia Anggyastuti
Published: August 2020

Laporan keuangan pemerintah pada hakikatnya merupakan suatu bentuk pertanggungjawaban pemerintah kepada rakyat atas pengelolaan dana publik. Pemerintah wajib menyusun laporan keuangan hingga memenuhi ciri kualitatif laporan keuangan yaitu relevan, cakap, bisa di perhitungkan serta bisa dimengerti. Penelitian ini dilakukan supaya bisa menilai determinan kualitas laporan keuangan, diantaranya kemampuan sumber daya manusia, implementasi sistem informasi akuntansi keuangan daerah, dan implementasi standar akuntansi pemerintahan pada Pemerintah Daerah Kota Sukabumi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui teknik survey pada 19 OPD berbentuk Badan dan Dinas di lingkungan Pemerintah Daerah Kota Sukabumi dengan instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner. Kuesioner disebarkan kepada responden yaitu Staf Sub Bagian Keuangan pada masing-masing OPD yang berjumlah 40 orang. Pengujian instrumen penelitian dilakukan melalui uji validitas dan uji reliabilitas. Pengujian pemenuhan syarat/ asumsi klasik dilakukan melalui uji normalitas, uji multikolinearitas, dan uji heteroskedastisitas. Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis regresi berganda: uji koefisien determinasi, uji F dan uji t dengan alat bantu program SPSS. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa dengan cara parsial kemampuan sumber daya manusia tidak berdampak kepada kualitas laporan keuangan Pemerintah Daerah Kota Sukabumi. Saat ini Pemerintah Daerah Kota Sukabumi telah memiliki laporan keuangan yang berkualitas, di saat kemampuan sumber daya manusia belum memadai akibat kurangnya pelatihan dalam bidang akuntansi. Laporan keuangan dalam hal ini disusun bekerjasama dengan mitra eksternal. Di sisi lain, penerapan sistem informasi akuntansi keuangan daerah serta implementasi standar akuntansi pemerintahan secara parsial berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan Pemerintah Daerah Kota Sukabumi. Kualitas proses pengolahan informasi yang didukung oleh kualitas sistem informasi membantu dalam meng-hasilkan laporan keuangan yang baik. Penerapan standar akuntansi pemerintahan meningkatkan kredibilitas, transparansi, dan akuntabilitas pengelolaan keuangan daerah. Hasil penelitian ini juga memperlihatkan bahwa dengan cara simultan ketiga determinan tersebut berdampak positif signifikan kepada kualitas laporan keuangan Pemerintah Daerah Kota Sukabumi dengan hasil pengujian koefisien determinasi menunjukkan kemampuan menjelaskan variasi sebesar 81,5%.

Kata kunci: kualitas laporan keuangan pemerintah daerah, kompetensi SDM, sistem informasi akuntansi keuangan daerah, standar akuntansi pemerintahan.
Protection of Vulnerable Communities: A Case of Coal-Ash Disaster in Puerto Rico
Authors: Dávila-Ruhaak Sarah
Published: August 2020

The connection between the environment and human rights is not a surprising one. The enjoyment of human rights depends on a person’s ability to live free from interference and to have his or her rights protected. The interdependence of human rights and the protection of the environment is manifested in the full and effective enjoyment of the right to a healthy environment. This article argues that in order to protect vulnerable persons and communities facing environmental harm, a human rights framework—specifically the right to a healthy environment—must be applied. A human rights approach complements environmental justice work, recognizing that individuals and communities affected by environmental harm are rights-holders entitled to protection. Such communities are left out of important decisions about their environment and the effect of environmental harm in their lives. Individuals most vulnerable to environmental harm are often members of poor, rural, and disenfranchised communities. The destruction of the environment disproportionately affects these communities, preventing them from accessing basic natural resources, clean water and sanitation, adequate housing, food security, and access to health and medical assistance. Additionally, intersecting forms of discrimination exacerbate exclusion and marginalization. A human rights approach to environmental justice emphasizes the need to protect affected communities and holds the State responsible for recognizing their vulnerability and providing heightened protection. This article seeks to show that while the human right to a healthy environment has not been widely recognized, a robust juridical framework enables environmental justice advocates and affected communities to vindicate the rights of vulnerable communities. The case study of coal-ash contamination in Puerto Rico and the harms suffered by affected communities there anchors the argument for why advocates should use a human rights framework to protect the rights of the most vulnerable. The case of Puerto Rico is illustrative of so many poor, disenfranchised, and vulnerable communities around the world, affected by environmental harm and in need of a human rights-based framework.
Pembelajaran Metode Dirosa di Desa Majannang Kabupaten Gowa
Authors: Hendra Wijaya  , Nurhidayah
Published: August 2020

Koran Education for Adult (Dirosa) was one well-known program of students of Community Service Program (KKN) of STIBA Makassar held in Majannang village, Parigi District, Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi Province. The objectives of this program were; (1) To increase enthusiasm in learning and teaching the Koran for teenagers and adults, (2) To provide teenagers and adults learning for reading Koran so that they can read it according to the knowledge of recitation. (3) To provide additional knowledge of the basics of Islam for teenagers and adults. The implementation of Dirosa program in Majannang village was of 7 study groups, with details: 2 groups of men, 2 groups of women, and 3 groups of young men. The number of participants initially was 59 people and has succeeded in resulting as many as 23 alumni who consistently attended 20 meetings. Most participants before participating  Dirosa program did not read the Koran fluently, neither do they understand the knowledge of recitation, and there were among them who were illiterate in the Koran, after participating in Dirosa program they became proficient in reading the Koran according to the principles of recitation, people of Majannang village also received additional knowledge about Islamic insights, especially those which are related to Islamic practices of worship and morality.
Effects of Erbium on the Properties of Electrochemically-Deposited Zirconium Telluride Thin Films
Authors: Agnes C. Nkele  , Imosobomeh L. Ikhioya  , Ezeorba M. Chigozirim  , Samson O. Aisid  , Malik Maaza  , Fabian I. Ezema
Published: August 2020

This work studies the effects of varying erbium dopant percentages on the optical, structural, morphological,elemental, and electrical properties of zirconium telluride thin films deposited via electrochemical deposition technique.The obtained films were characterized using Uv-Visible Spectrophotometer, X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray spectroscope (EDX), and a four-point probe system. XRD analyses showed cubic polycrystalline films with the most intense peak at (111) plane. SEM micrographs revealed spherical balls while EDX spectra confirmed the deposition of basic elements. Good optical features and decreased band gap energies from 1.80 eV to 1.76 eV were observed upon addition of erbium. The electrical conductivities of the films improved significantly upon doping. The deposited films are potential solar cells, and optical materials.
The Dutch Construction Industry: An Overview and Its Use of Performance Information
Authors: Van de Rijt Jeroen , Hompes Michael , Santema Sicco
Published: August 2020

This paper gives an overview of the Dutch Construction industry and elaborates further on its use of performance information. After giving an overview of the Dutch construction industry depicting size, major contractors, growth, profitability, value added, costs, productivity, this section is concluded by giving future predictions of the industry for the following years. A summary is given of the 2002 Dutch construction collusion as a means to give explanations for the persistent use of procurement based on lowest-bid competition. Although a starting realization is recognizable towards more innovative ways of tendering to restore trust and bilateral relationships between constructors and their clients; change is slow as hard data of performance information is limited. Current available performance information of the Dutch construction industry is discussed, such as failure rate and costs, bottlenecks, procurement methods used, customer satisfaction and selection criteria. As seen throughout this paper, innovative ways of procurement can contribute to the changes aspired to by the Dutch construction industry as well as bring in added value. Government plays a central role as a major client and frontrunner and also with the means of regulating policy on procurement for the industry. Although new initiatives of change towards more innovative ways of tendering are starting to build with cooperation between companies and industry platforms, it remains still in its infancy.
Using Best Value PiPS Procurement in Europe, Need for Compromise?
Authors: Van Leeuwen Marianne
Published: August 2020

Best Value Procurement Performance Information Procurement System (hereinafter: BVP-PIPS) is a methodology developed in the United States and is now being used by private and public contractors in the Netherlands. For public contractors in Europe, application of BVP-PIPS is not straightforward because of the constraints of the European legislation on procurement. This paper describes how BVP-PiPS can be used in a European legal context. First, some basic aspects of European procurement law are explained. Next, the original BVP-PiPS method is described in short. Subsequently the method is tested against the European legal constraints. Implications from European procurement law to all phases from the BVP-PiPS method will be described. The paper ends with conclusions on how BVP-PiPS can be used within the European legal framework.
Best Value at the Directorate-General for Public Works and Water Management in The Netherlands: A Case Study of the Procurement of Infrastructure Projects Worth $1,200M
Authors: Van de Rijt Jeroen , Witteveen Wiebe , Vis Carlita , Santema Sicco
Published: August 2020

Rijkswaterstaat, part of the Dutch Ministry of Infrastructure and EnvironmentI has used the best value PIPS philosophy to procure infrastructure projects worth circa $ 800M. This is a case study of the largest PIPS pilot project in the sixteen year development of the best value PIPS, and tests the robustness of the PIPS philosophy within the constraints of the European law. Eleven adaptations to the original methodology are outlined and discussed. The procurement results of six tenders are outlined.