bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SUBJECT AND SUBJECTNESS IN FOREIGN PSYCHOLOGY: NUANCES OF TERMINOLOGY AND TRANSLATION
Authors:   G.S. Kostiuk Institute of Psychology of NAES of Ukraine, Smulson Maryna , Mescheryakov Dmytro ,   G.S. Kostiuk Institute of Psychology of NAES of Ukraine
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the comparative terminological analysis of approaches to scientific review of concepts “subject” and “subjectness” in Ukrainian and foreign psychology, the author's interpretation of these concepts, defining how they translate into English, and reverse translation of relevant terms. The basic concepts of subjectness in Ukrainian (V.A. Romenets, V.O. Tatenko) and Russian (S.L. Rubinstein, A.V. Brushlinsky, K.O. Abulkhanova) psychology, the connection of a full-fledged subjectness with intelligence according to O.F. Losev, as an attempt to transform the imperfections of life are analyzed. The terms of subject-development paradigm, subjectogenesis, responsiveness of the subject as a response to the call for socio-cultural development are considered. It is shown that the terms “agent” and “agency” are widely used in foreign scientific and psychological discourse, which are often translated into Ukrainian as “subject” and “subjectness”, and sometimes as “subjectness activity” (the reverse translation looks accordingly). The authors' critical attitude to such variants of translation of these terms is substantiated, and other variants of translation which are already widely used in modern science are offered, namely “subject” – “суб’єкт”, “subjectness” – “суб’єктність”, “subjectness activity” - “суб’єктна активність”. The formation of the terms "subject" and "subjectness" in foreign scientific discourse is considered. The author's understanding of the subject as a carrier of the mental model of the world, and the corresponding interpretation of subjectness are offered
TUGAS RESUME HTN PARTAI POLTIK DAN PEMILIHAN UMUM ( ANISHA)
Authors: Anisha
Published: June 2021

Harapanawaldaribanyaknyapartaipolitikadalahmenimbulkanperubahanyangsignifikanatasmasadepanyanglebihbaik.sepertipadadefinisidefinisipartaipolitikdibawahini: Partaipolitikadalahorganisasipolitikyangmenjalaniideoogitertentuataudibentukdengantujuanumum.Definisilainnyaadalahkelompokyangterorganisiryanganggotaanggotanyamempunyaiorientasiataunilainilaidancitacitayangsama Partaipolitikadalahprasyaratataukelengkapansuatunegarademokrasi.Dinegarademokrasidiperlukanpartaipolitikyangbebasbaikdalamprogramprogramnyamaupunkaderkadernya Partaipolitikadalahsekolompokorangterorganisiryangbertujuanuntukmerebutataumempertahankankekuasaanpolitikdidalammasyrakatmelaluipemilu.
TUGAS RESUME HUKUM TATA NEGARA ( ARLIANSYAH/10200120240)
Authors: ARLIANSYAH
Published: June 2021

Partisipasi politik masyarakat merupakan bentuk perwujudan negarademkorasi. Negara tanpa partisipasi politik masyarakat cenderung otoriter dansentralistik. Pengalaman politik pada saat orde baru memperlihatkankesewenangan para pengambil keputusan politik dalam setiap perumusankebijakan maupun perencanaan program. Akibatnya kebijakan atau yangdiputuskan kerap tidak sesuai dengan kebutuhan masyarakat. Partisipasi politikmasyarakat merupakan bentuk pemberian diri baik dalam bentuk keikutsertaan,kehadiran, gagasan, keterlibatan dalam perumusan kebijakan dan pemberian diridalam pengawasan manakala kebijakan itu hendak diimplementasikan.
Never waste a “good” crisis! Priming the economic aspect of crises fosters social capital build-up and prosociality
Authors: Heap Shaun Hargreaves , Koop Christel , Matakos Konstantinos , Unan Asli , Weber Nina Sophie
Published: June 2021

Do crises make people more prosocial? And what role does communication play in promoting such attitudes and behavior? These answers matter for post-crisis economic recovery as social capital has been linked to growth. We leverage the incidence of Covid-19 --a multifaceted global crisis-- and using a representative panel of US residents, surveyed in April and October 2020, we explore how a) pandemic-induced economic and health anxiety map to prosocial inclinations and behavior, and b) whether communication (and what types) can foster social capital formation. We find that individual exposure to the economic and health consequences of the pandemic had no effect on prosocial inclinations and social capital; but perceived economic vulnerability reduced trust in government and respect for authority and increased preferences for redistribution. Yet information about the aggregate economic consequences of Covid-19 fosters social capital build-up (e.g., altruism, giving, patience) and prosocial preferences. In contrast, information about the health costs of the pandemic has the opposite effect; it greatly reduces interpersonal trust. These information effects also map into policy preferences beyond the Covid-19 crisis. Our findings are consistent with cultural accounts on the determinants of Americans' prosocial inclinations and preferences.
Resume jurnal
Authors: ananda Reza
Published: June 2021

Resume ini berkaitan dengan partai politik dan pemilihan umum
RESUME HTN
Authors: wardani Ayu
Published: June 2021

Budayapolitikdipengaruhiolehsikapdanlingkungan.Olehkarenaitu,terkadang kita menemukan budaya politik setiap wilayah berbeda-beda.Bahkan bukan hanya itu,budaya politikantarindividu pun berbeda-beda.Perbedaanbudayapolitikinidianggapwajarkarenasetiaporangmemilikipengalaman politik yang berbeda-beda.Pernyataan inidiperkuat olehpendapatnyaGabrielAlmonddanSidnyVerba.Menurutmerekabudayapolitikmerupakansikaporientasiyangkhasdariwarganegara.Setiapwarganegaramemilikiperbedaanbudayapolitikkarenafaktorpandanganhidup,pendidikan,dankelassosial.
Teori Ekonomi David Ricardo, Robert Malthus dan Jean Baptiste Say
Authors: Fathurrahman Rezki Amalia
Published: June 2021

Seperti kita ketahui bahwa mencetus ekonomi kapitalis adalah Adam Smith yang terkenal bukunya yang berjudul “The Wealth of Nations”. Setelah telah teori ekonominya cukup terkenal. Lalu diteruskan oleh tokoh pemikir ekonomi yang bernama David Richardo yang terkenal dengan teori keunggulan komparatif yang menurut pendapatnya bahwa perdagangan bebas akan menghasilkan kedua belah pihak jika melakukan kerja sama dan melakukan pembagian kerja meskipun setiap negara memiliki keunggulan absolut yang berbeda dengan negara lain. Robert Malthus yang terkenal dengan teori kependudukan yang dimana ia berpendapat bahwa semakin banyak jumlah penduduk maka sumber daya alam yang ada akan cepat habis karena harus memenuhi kebutuhan manusia meskipun kenyataan zaman sekarang berbeda dengan zaman dahulu karena penduduk yang berpenghasilan cukup tinggi lebih memilih untuk memiliki satu atau dua anak karena alasan ingin mendidik anak menjadi lebih baik dan mampu menjadi generasi lebih baik sedangkan kelas menengah atau miskin lebih memilih banyak anak karena punya alasan bahwa banyak anak banyak rejeki karena di harapkan dengan banyak keturunan akan mengeluarkan mereka dari kemiskinan melalui anak-anak mereka. Jean Baptiste Say terkenal dengan hukum pasar say yang mengatakan bahwa penawaran akan menciptakan permintaan sendiri secara alami maksudnya bahwa naik pendapatan suatu negara bukan ditentukan banyaknya jumlah uang beredar tetapi berapa produksi barang dan jasa yang dilakukan, semakin banyak produksi barang dan jasa maka semakin tinggi jumlah pendapatan suatu negara.
The Specific Fuel Consumption of Aircraft Engines (TSFC versus PSFC)
Authors: Scholz Dieter
Published: June 2021

From a fundamental consideration of the efficiency (eta = P_out / P_in) it already follows that the power-specific fuel consumption, PSFC or c_P of an aircraft engine should be approximately constant, while c = c_P * V applies to the thrust-specific fuel consumption, TSFC or c in a first approach. Obviously, fuel is consumed already at static thrust (V=0). For this reason the thrust-specific fuel consumption needs an extended approach c = c_a + c_b * V. Breguet's range equation can certainly be described with a constant thrust-specific fuel consumption c, if c is determined for the cruise speed in question. However, this leads to an error if you want to use it to calculate an optimal flight speed in a flight performance calculation. It is recommended (for a first simple consideration) to write Breguet's range equation for jets with a constant power-specific fuel consumption c_P. This then leads to an optimal cruising speed for maximum range at minimum drag (md) V_md instead of 1.316 * V_md as it is determined with the "classic" derivation. For more detailed considerations, the "Herrmann model" should replace the simple equation c = c_a + c_b * V.
Learning Uncertainty: Predictive Coding in Anxiety Formation
Authors: McGovern Hugh , De Foe Alexander , Leptourgos Pantelis , Corlett Philip R. , Bandara Kavindu , Biddell Hannah , Hutchinson Brendan
Published: June 2021

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is among the world’s most prevalent psychiatric disorders. Affecting an eighth of the world’s population, it often manifests as persistent apprehension which is difficult to control. Despite its prevalence, neuroscientific efforts to understand the cognitive mechanisms of GAD formation remain sparse. This has resulted in a fractured theoretical landscape, lacking a unitary framework. While prior theories of anxiety describe the cognitive, affective and behavioral dimensions of anxiety, a unified theory outlining the formation of GAD remains elusive. Here, we point out that postulates derived from the Free Energy Principle (FEP) and predicting coding may allow for a unified theory to emerge. After outlining the FEP and its suppositions, we review extant work which applies a Free Energy framework to a range of psychiatric disorders. Subsequently, we outline existing theoretical approaches to Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), and how they describe its etiology, cognitive architecture, and cognitive machinery. We end with an extension of existing efforts to understand GAD formation, rather than symptomology. We conclude that an approach toward GAD formation may benefit from a focus on predictive modelling, and may afford opportunities to re-conceptualize anxiety within the framework of working generative models, rather than static beliefs. In sum, we suggest that a biological system—having had persistent uncertainty in its past—will iteratively form posteriors in line with uncertainty in its future, irrespective of whether that uncertainty actually persists. After discussing the FEP, we explain how anxiety develops through learning uncertainty before suggesting predictions for how the model can be tested.
Attitudes towards tall poppies: the role of Authoritarianism, Social Dominance Orientation, political ideologies, and self-esteem in New Zealand.
Authors: Marques Mathew daCosta , Feather Norman T. , Austin Darren E. J. , Sibley Chris G
Published: June 2021

Individuals occupying high-status positions are sometimes victims of the tall poppy syndrome where people want to see them cut down to size. These attitudes reflect a tension between achievement, authority, and equality. In a pre-registered study (Study 1: N = 47,951), and a replication (Study 2: N = 5,569), of two representative New Zealand samples we investigated how social dominance orientation, right-wing authoritarianism, political ideologies and self-esteem predicted favoring the fall of the tall poppy. Novel findings showed individuals high in social dominance orientation favored the fall of the tall poppy. In both studies, high authoritarian aggression and submission, and low conventionalism (in Study 1 only) were also associated with negative tall poppy attitudes. So too were individuals with lower self-esteem and who were less conservative in their political ideology. These findings advance our understanding of how group-based hierarchy and inequality relate to attitudes towards individuals in high status positions.
A Cognitive-Ecological Approach to Temporal Self-Appraisal
Authors: Baldwin Matthew , Alves Hans , Unkelbach Christian
Published: June 2021

According to the evaluative information ecology model of social-comparison, people are more similar on their positive traits and tend to differ on their negative traits. This means that comparisons based on differences will naturally produce negative evaluations, whereas those based on similarities will produce positive evaluations. In this research we apply and extend this model to theorize about the outcomes of temporal self-comparisons. We predicted that one’s similarities across time would be evaluated positively, whereas one’s differences would be evaluated more negatively. However, because positive attributes are reinforced over time, we expected an asymmetry to emerge such that attributes unique to the past self (past differences) would be most negative. Evidence from a simulation study, 7 experiments (total \textit{N} = 1844), and an integrative data analysis, support the notion that temporal self-appraisals follow naturally from comparisons in a known information ecology. Several tests of the prevailing motivated-self-perception account did not bear fruit. We discuss the implications of these findings for temporal self-appraisal theory as well as other aspects of self and identity.
CyberCan: A New Dictionary for Cantonese Social Media Text Segmentation
Authors: Shen Fei , Yu Wenting , Min Chen , Ye Qianying , Xia Chuanli , Wang Tianjiao , Wu Yi
Published: June 2021

Text mining has been a dominant approach to extracting useful information from massive unstructured data online. But existing tools for Chinese word segmentation are not ideal for processing social media text data in Cantonese. This project developed CyberCan (https://github.com/shenfei1010/CyberCan), a lexicon of contemporary Cantonese based on more than 100 million pieces of internet texts. We compared the performance of CyberCan with existing Mandarin and Cantonese lexicons in terms of their word segmentation performance. Findings suggest that CyberCan outperforms all existing lexicons by a considerable margin.
The Value of a Coordination Game
Authors: Kets Willemien , Kager Wouter , Sandroni Alvaro
Published: June 2021

The value of a game is the payoff a player can expect (ex ante) from playing the game. Understanding how the value changes with economic primitives is critical for policy design and welfare. However, for games with multiple equilibria, the value is difficult to determine. We therefore develop a new theory of the value of coordination games. The theory delivers testable comparative statics on the value and delivers novel insights relevant to policy design. For example, policies that shift behavior in the desired direction can make everyone worse off, and policies that increase everyone's payoffs can reduce welfare.
Investigating the effects of mental fatigue on resistance exercise performance
Authors: Brown Denver M. Y. , Zuniga Amanda Farias , Mulla Daanish , Mendonca Divya , Keir Peter , Bray Steve
Published: June 2021

Mental fatigue can impart negative effects on subsequent physical performance, although the mechanisms underlying these effects are not well understood. This study examined whether mental fatigue confers negative carryover effects on the performance of a set of biceps curls, while also investigating physiological and psychological mechanisms proposed to explain the predicted effect. A randomized, cross-over design was employed. On Visit 1, participants (N = 10) performed a barbell biceps curl one-repetition maximum (1RM) test. On Visits 2/3, participants performed 20 biceps curls at 50% of their 1RM, followed by their respective 10-minute experimental manipulation (high vs. low cognitive exertion), and then a second set of biceps curls to exhaustion. Ratings of perceived exertion and electromyography of the biceps brachii, triceps brachii, upper trapezius, thoracic erector spinae, and lumbar erector spinae were recorded during the physical task. The total number of repetitions completed was similar across the conditions. Results also failed to show between-condition differences for muscle activation and perceptions of exertion. Future research is needed to build an adequate knowledge base to determine whether there is an effect of mental fatigue on dynamic resistance-based task performance, and if so, identify the mechanisms explaining how and why.
Assessment of Natural Hazard in the Himalayas: A Case Study of the Seti River Flash Flood 2012
Authors: Poudel Khagendra Raj , Hamal Ramesh
Published: June 2021

The Himalayan mountain ranges have been commonly known as one of the most vulnerable places on earth for natural hazards like landslides and flash floods. A catastrophic flash flood was witnessed in the Seti River on 5 May 2012, which exemplified how destructive it can be not just for the physical and economical loss, but also it was the loss of environment and cultural heritage sites. This paper aims to assess the flash flood event for future implications. The field study was conducted aftermath of the event, where interviews were conducted with the victims' families. It also reviewed the studies conducted by various research groups regarding this disaster. It revealed that the result of mass failure from the Annapurna IV created a temporary dam, and the sudden burst of collected water resulted in the flash flood. Overall, it took 72 lives and huge destruction of physical properties like houses, bridges, vehicles and agricultural land. The existing settlements around the Seti basin are at high risk, where it is highlighted that the concerned authority should take initiatives to minimize the possible impact by promoting awareness, installing an early warning system and building better community-based preparedness.
An effective method for detecting dorsal hand veins utilising near-infrared imaging technology
Authors:   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Technology, VNU Ho Chi Minh city, Le Hai Thanh , Thu Pham Hien Thi ,   Department of Biomedical Engineering, International University, VNU Ho Chi Minh city
Published: June 2021

Intravenous access for blood collection and other related therapies is one of the most frequently practiced procedures in the modern medical system. The procedure requires complex training and experience, as it might cause dangerous nerve damage and subcutaneous bleeding. This paper proposes a dorsal hand vein detection method utilising the near-infrared (NIR) imaging device to segment and visualise the subcutaneous vein patterns on the skin directly. Applying NIR light has received substantial attention because of its non-invasive and revealing substantially more information than the visible one. The proposed method is divided into the low- and high-level processes. The captured image is smoothed and enhanced to make the vein patterns clearer in the low-level process. The pre-processed image is then segmented step by step to extract the vein features and eliminate the pseudo-vein regions precisely. Lastly, the detected veins are thinned to reduce the thickness and projected back onto the acquired image in the high-level process. The proposed method performs effectively in detecting the clear dorsal hand veins through the experiment with a processing time of 0.61s for the high-resolution image.
Extraction of flavonoids in pomelos’ peels using Box-Behnken response surface design and their biological activities
Authors:   Department of Food Technology, International University, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh city, Quynh Phuong Truong Ngoc ,   Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh city, Hung Pham Van ,   Department of Food Technology, International University, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh city,   Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh city, Lan Phi Nguyen Thi ,   Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh city,   Department of Food Technology, University of Technology, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh city
Published: June 2021

The objectives of this study were to optimize the extraction conditions of flavonoids from the pomelo peel using the Box-Behnken response surface methodology and to investigate the chemical composition and biological activities of the extracts from three different pomelo species under optimized extraction conditions. Three extraction condition factors of were varied, including the solid-solvent ratio (1/15-1/45 g/ml), temperature (30-60oC), and time (20-60 min), which affected the efficiency of the total flavonoid content (TFC). The high R2 coefficient of 0.93 indicated that the experimental data obtained in this study fit well to a second-order polynomial using multiple regression analysis. The maximum TFC extracted from the pomelo peel was 6.0 mg/g (dried basis, db), which was obtained using Derringer’s desired function methodology under the following optimum conditions: a solid-solvent ratio of 1/44 g/ml, temperature of 30.7oC, and time of 34.6 min. The results also indicated that the Tan Trieu pomelo peel had the highest TFC and naringin concentration followed by the Nam Roi and Duong Hong pomelo peels, whereas the Nam Roi pomelo peel had a higher hesperidin concentration than the others. The extracts of the pomelo peels exhibited strong antioxidant activities with low IC50 values. However, these extracts showed only a slight effect on cancer cells, including lung cancer and breast cancer, when tested at 100 μg/ml.
Antimicrobial activity of antiseptics in the prevention of postoperative infectious complications
Authors: Bagnyuk N. A. , Nazarchuk O. A. , Babina Y. M. , Chornopyshchuk R. M. , Kulyk A. V.
Published: June 2021

Recently, among hospital strains of microorganisms, an increase in the number of antiseptic-resistant strains of opportunistic pathogens has been registered, which significantly affects the effectiveness of these drugs. It is important to study their antimicrobial efficacy to justify rational use. The aim is to conduct a comparative study of the antimicrobial efficacy of antiseptics of decamethoxine, chlorhexidine, polyhexanide. During study we examined the antimicrobial activity against 186 clinical strains of microorganisms (Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus spp., Enterobacter spp.) isolated from patients with infectious complications in the postoperative period. The minimum inhibitory (MIC) and bactericidal concentrations (MBC) of 0.02 % and 0.1 % decamethoxine, 0.05 % chlorhexidine bigluconate, 0.1 % polyhexanide were determined; antimicrobial efficacy of drugs was evaluated by the index of antiseptic activity by conventional methods. The study found high antimicrobial properties of decamethoxine, chlorhexidine, which had a high bactericidal effect on clinical strains of S. aureus, Enterococcus spp., Enterobacter spp. Proved the benefits of antimicrobial activity of the drug based on decamethoxine (p<0.001). The polyhexanide has pronounced antimicrobial properties against A. baumannii, bacteria of the family Enterobactericae, P. aeruginosa. Thus, the leading gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, enterococci) and gram-negative pathogens (enterobacteria, acinetobacteria, pseudomonads) are sensitive to polyhexanide, chlorhexidine and the domestic drug decamethoxin, with a probable advantage of the antimicrobial properties of the latter over all gram-positive and most gram-negative microorganisms.
Feed intake analysis and organ weights of growing west African dwarf goats fed some browse plants and a concentrate supplement diet
Authors: J O Ocheja , J.O Uguru , M Audu , U.J Apeh, , B.A Shittu, , A Halilu,
Published: June 2021

The study evaluated the feed intake and organ weights of sixteen growing West African dwarf bucks fed some browse species and a concentrate supplement diet. The goats were allotted into four (4) treatments of four goats each. The goats were fed leaves from Gmelina, (Gmelina aborea)) Tamarind, (Tamarindus, Neem (Azadirachta indica) and Teak leaves (Tectona grandis) at 200g/goat/day for Treatments 1, 2, 3and 4 respectively and a concentrate supplement diet at 100g per goat/day for a duration of fifty (50) days. Known volume of water was served, feed and water intake were monitored and recorded The experimental design was a completely randomized design ,data were analysed using a one way analysis of variance and least significant difference to separate the significant means using SPSS statistical package for windows 23 , 2015 version .Concentrate and browse samples were analysed using the methods of AOAC (2000) ,daily browse intake (134.22– 245.44g), total daily feed intake(225.53 – 339.87g), daily water intake(340.00– 420.00ml) and daily supplement intake values were all significantly (p>0.05) different across the treatment means . The water intake followed similar trend as the dry matter intake. All the organ weights were not significant (P<0.05), the weights were within normal ranges for goats. It was therefore concluded that Gmelina arborea was the most preferred by the goats in terms of intake, it also had the best array of nutrients. The four browse species were safe for the goats and were therefore recommended for goat feeding especially during the long dry season. Further research using other breeds and classes of goats as well as other species of ruminants such as sheep and cattle was also recommended.
Microbial pathogen contamination of waterholes in old Oyo national park: possible wildlife and animal health implications
Authors: Taiwo Adetuga Adetola , Olayemi Omonona Abosede , Jagun Jubril Afusat
Published: June 2021

Surface water quality is an important module of the aquatic ecosystem which is crucial to wildlife and environmental health. The term water quality is sometimes extended to include biodiversity of waters and biological indicators or ecological health. Microbiological examination of water is an essential tool to investigate the presence of microorganisms that might constitute a hazard to both animal and public health. Microbiological examination of waterholes in national parks is thus crucial in assessing ecosystem health. The study therefore aimed at assessing the bacteriological and mycological characteristics of perennial waterholes in Old Oyo National Park (OONP), Nigeria. Coliform test was performed using the most probable number (MPN) technique and heterotrophic plate count (aerobic) by Pour Plate method while fungi count was done using the direct plate and dilution plate methods. Microbial populations were expressed as colony forming units per milliliter (cfu/ml). Different species of microflora were observed in the sampled waterholes includes Bacillus sp, Aspergillus spp, Actinobacter sp, Pseudomonas sp, Penicillium sp, Enterobacter sp, Klebsiella sp, Salmonella sp, Flavobacter sp, Seratia sp and Shigella sp. The presence of Escherichia coli observed in the study is an indication of recent faecal contamination. The mean values of microbial counts of the water samples were higher during the dry season with increased water concentration and more drinking from animals a probable cause. The presence of the various microflora observed in the study could pose a serious threat to both wildlife and public health. The study gave an insight to the health of the animals over seasons in the park and how it can affect health and population and a source of contaminants to all animals. There is need for continuous assessment of water quality in waterholes in OONP as a means of ensuring good ecological health.
A survey of tick infestation of animals before Eid-al-Adha as suspected cases of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) in Kabul city’s streets and live animal markets
Authors: Samadi A , Amiri M , Hakim H , Alizada MN , Sangary M , Rahpaya SS
Published: June 2021

Ticks are considered the crucial vectors of many infectious agents and considered the main vectors and reservoirs of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) virus which is endemic in Afghanistan. The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of tick infestation in animals brought to Kabul city streets and live animal markets before Eid-al-Adha days as suspected cases of CCHF. Totally, 4,200 animals were examined in a four-day survey to estimate the prevalence of infested animals and related risk factors in Kabul city streets and live animal markets before Eid-al-Adha days in August 2019. The animals originated from 85.3% of provinces (29/34) and consisted of sheep (66.5%), goats (14.8%), cattle (14.9%), buffallos (1.9%) and camels (0.008%). The overall prevalence of the tick infestation was 25.2% and the mean number of ticks per animal was 2.6. The prevalence was 18.2% in animals <1 year old, 23.4% in animals 1-2 years old and 33.5% in animals > 2 years old (p<0.05), but it was 27.1% in female and 25.1% in male respectively (p>0.05). From the total 2,101 ectoparasites collected, Hyalomma was the dominant genus (40.7%), followed by Rhipicephalus (6.1%), Amblyomma (5.4%), Dermacentor (1.3%), Boophilus (1.0%), Ixodes (0.05%) and Argas (0.1%). The overall awareness about CCHF among sellers/farmers was low, and only 5% just had heard about the disease. It has been concluded that tick infestation is very prevalent in animals brought to Kabul city before Eid-al-Adha days and low awareness about zoonotic diseases including CCHF among society greatly threaten the health of people.
The robber fly species Choerades steinbergi Richter new to the fauna of Tajikistan (Diptera: Asilidae)
Authors: Richter V.A.
Published: June 2021

Choerades steinbergi Richter is for the fi rst time recorded from Tajikistan.
PECULIARITIES OF COMBINED NEUROPROTECTION IN RECOVERED TREATMENT AFTER ICHEMIC STROKE
Authors: Badashkeev M. , Shoboev E.
Published: June 2021

In our clinical study, we consider the features of combined neuroprotection in the rehabilitation treatment of patients with ischemic stroke. Modern world medicine quite often encounters cerebrovascular diseases, which are one of the most pressing problems of modern neurology, given the high prevalence of this pathology in the population. In most modern medical scientific works in the rehabilitation treatment of post-stroke patients, it is characterized by the introduction of combined neuroprotection, this approach, in our opinion, is the most effective in the rehabilitation treatment of patients. In our study, we prioritize the combined pharmacotherapy "Citicoline" in combination with the drug "Cortexin" as a priority in rehabilitation treatment. Thus, the aim of our study is the effectiveness of the combined pharmacotherapy "Citicoline" and "Cortexin" in the rehabilitation treatment of patients after ischemic stroke. In the course of the clinical study, we analyzed the obtained statistical data, which also confirm the effectiveness of the combined neuroprotection of citicoline and cortexin in restorative treatment in the rehabilitation period of ischemic stroke.
SPATIAL-TEMPORAL ASPECTS OF THE HYDROLOGICAL REGIME IN CATCHMENTS AFTER CLEARCUTTING
Authors: Burenina T. , Onuchin A.
Published: June 2021

This article discusses the spatial and temporal aspects of hydrological processes in catchments after logging for different landscape conditions of Central Siberia. For this discussion, the results of our own research in the Sayan Mountains, the Yenisei Ridge, the Angara River basin, the Khamar-Daban ridge and literature data were involved. It analyzed the impact of felling area to change the river flow and development of the erosion at the catchment area. The annual runoff, its seasonal structure and sediment discharge change significantly in dependence on as area of clearcutting so area of river basin. The authors analyzed the results of observations of the restoration of the water balance in the experimental logging sites of small catchments and the dynamics of runoff in large rivers. Research has shown the vegetation cover structure changes continuously on logged sites during post-logging forest regeneration and future post-cutting hydrologic regime scenarios are determined both by further climatic changes and by vegetation succession trajectories. The role of the time as a factor to decrease erosion at watershed after logging depends of many regional and local features of landscapes and of initial soil mineralized by logging. For the forests of Khamar-Daban mountainous in Baikal basin the model of soil erosion at watersheds after logging was developed.
FORMATION OF THE HUMAN AND STREET ANIMALS INTERACTION ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Tiurikova E. , Pogorelov О. , Titinov V. , Nedoshitko O.
Published: June 2021

The paper is devoted to the problem of arrangement of the city's ecosystem by the architectural and design tools. The contradictions and conditions of joint habitation of people and street animals (cats) in the urban environment are revealed. The initial potential capacity of different types of urban environment (beaches, a traditional Odessa courtyard, public parks and squares, modern multi-storey buildings) in the formation of a harmonized, conflict-free interaction between people and animals have been investigated. The sketches of the search for the artistic appearance of cat settlements (students’ works) are presented.
STUDY OF PERIPHERAL REFRACTION IN CHILDREN WITH MYOPIA WITH ORTHOKERATOLOGY LENSES OF COMBINED DESIGN
Authors: Bezdetko P. , Parkhomets R.
Published: June 2021

Progressive myopia is a leading problem in modern optometry and ophthalmology in general. In recent years, refractive therapy with orthokeratology lenses has gained popularity among methods to control myopia progression. The aim: To study peripheral refraction in children with myopia with the use of orthokeratology lenses (OKL) of combined design. Methods. We followed up 60 children (117 eyes) diagnosed with uncomplicated mild to moderate myopia. All children underwent a complete ophthalmological examination as well as corneal keratotopography and peripheral refraction determination. Statistical analysis of correlations between peripheral corneal refraction under the influence of OKL, peripheral defocus, and axial length growth gradient was performed. Results. An inverse correlation relationship of -0.2 (p=0.03) was obtained between corneal differential power in the return 6 mm zone and peripheral refraction in its corresponding peripheral refraction of 23° on the temporal side. A positive correlation with a correlation coefficient of 0.21 (p=0.026) was obtained between the defocus in the temporal part and the gradient of myopia progression over one year, while the same result was obtained in the nasal part with a correlation coefficient of 0.2 (p=0.036). Concluсions. Difference corneal power at the periphery may be prognostic in relation to the course of myopia in OКL users. With an aboveaverage pupil diameter, combined design orthokeratology lenses are more effective in controlling myopia due to the greater influence of the formed corneal refractive ring on peripheral refraction.
ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF VARIOUS ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENTS IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION, CONCOMITANT TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AND OBESITY (LITERATURE REVIEW AND OWN DATA)
Authors: Dunaieva I.
Published: June 2021

Treatment of patients with arterial hypertension with diabetes and obesity requires taking into account the individual risk of complications and the use of appropriate differentiated tactics, and therefore the appointment of complex treatment with drugs that inhibit excessive activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, in particular angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers, is the most appropriate and justified. Thus, a comparative analysis of the use of various treatment regimens in patients with arterial hypertension, concomitant type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity was carried out using the angiotensinconverting enzyme inhibitor ramipril and the angiotensin II receptor blocker telmisartan. The inclusion of ramipril or telmisartan in standard therapy has been shown to have a positive effect on the structural and functional parameters of the left ventricle and ejection fractions. Also, at the same time, the neutral effect of these drugs on carbohydrate and improvement of some components of lipid metabolism in the examined category of patients was determined.
THE GLANDS AND LYMPHOID STRUCTURES OF THE HUMAN URINARY BLADDER IN SPHINCTERS ZONES
Authors: Huseynova G. , Nasirova Z.
Published: June 2021

We have studied the glands and lymphoid structures of urinary bladder of human in sphincters zones with morphological methods on 38 preparations of different ages (from newborn till to senile period). the glands (by RD Sinelnikov method) and lymphoid structures were investigated by macro-microscopic methods after stained by Hellman method. The micro preparations incisions sphincters zones of a urinary bladder in the thickness 5-7 microns were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, by Van-Gizon, Veygert and Kreyberg methods. In the sphincters zones the glands are in close microtopographical relations with lymphoid structures (lymphoid nodules and diffuse lymph tissue) and as a rule the glands are located densely. Without dependence from age, microanatomy parameters of the glands and lymphoid structures of the sphincters zones of urinary bladder are more than in outside. Dimensional indicators at right and left ureters sphincters almost correspond. It is connected by a similar design. At senile age, lymphoid structures in sphincters of a urinary bladder are single or absent.
MODEL FOR FORMING OF ANTI-CORRUPTION POLICY IN UKRAINE
Authors: Dziundziuk V. , Merezhko S.
Published: June 2021

Formulation of the problem. Different countries have different anti-corruption strategies. However, just separate strategies to combat such a complex phenomenon as corruption are not enough; a purposeful and long-term public policy is needed, of which the mentioned strategies will be a part. And, in our opinion, such a policy should be based on the United Nations Convention against Corruption [7], which has been created as a strong base and legal framework for the fight against corruption. This Convention is unique as it is grounded on a shared understanding of the dangers and negative consequences of corruption from a wide range of participating states. However, there is a downside: while the Convention provides new

opportunities and guidance for national policy and anticorruption measures, it can also create new issues in this area, for example, the temptation to take too many anti-corruption measures at the same time, which will lead to negative results and undermine the faith of citizens in anti-corruption efforts.
3D EVALUATION OF BUSINESSES IN TERMS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PURPOSES; DESCRIPTION OF THE IMPORTANCE OF SUSTAINABLE ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE FUTURE OF BUSINESS
Authors: Ehsan M. , Mohsen Y. , Golnoosh S.
Published: June 2021

Evaluation and comparison of businesses in various industrial, service, and agricultural clusters is a suitable way for determining the equivalence of their position in relation to each other if the evaluation tool can generalize and deploy in various ranges. In terms of diligence of firms and businesses trying to help the occurrence of sustainable development purposes, it is necessary to have a standard and simple tool that can be realized and used by commercial firms easily. The current article, using a qualitative method and investigating the documents and substantive concepts and open and in-depth interviews, has provided a tool for evaluation and comparison of businesses and organizations from the perspective of three dimensions of sustainable development. Services or agriculture has become easily possible, moreover due to the generalizability of its tools and items by being based on standard business literature, the ability to compare businesses in an out-cluster way has been provided, and this helps policymakers to understand the current situation and examine the desired cluster to cluster and larger which accordingly, the comparison of businesses within any industrial or service or agricultural cluster are easily possible moreover due to the generalizability of their tools and items the ability to compare out-cluster businesses is provided due to the establishment on standard business literature too. Such an issue helps policymakers survey the current and desired situation in a cluster to cluster and macro-ones. Moreover, the research findings indicate that future businesses and the future of companies depend on changing the paradigm to sustainable entrepreneurship.
CORRUPTION IN THE ACTIVITIES OF SHADOW ECONOMY INTEREST GROUPS IN THE VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE (1994 - 2019)
Authors: Artyushenko I.
Published: June 2021

The article attempts to consider the problem of the place and role of groups - the interests of the shadow economy in the spread of corruption in the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine of the third - eighth convocation. It is established that in Ukraine, against the background of the imbalance of state and corporate interests, these groups with their electoral and post-election activities repeated the Soviet model of ways and channels of articulation of group interests. The arrival of the shadow economy to the legislature was a consequence of the processes that took place in socio - political life. The activities of these groups in power were pragmatic and selfish. It is stated that in Ukraine the significant scale of the shadow economy in Ukraine was the result of mistakes made during the transformation of the social economy into a market one and a bet was made on the formation of oligarchic national capital. No economic incentives were used for the development of small and medium-sized businesses. The lack of real conditions for economic competition has given rise to corruption. Criminal groups, actively penetrating the economy, put pressure on experts, fought for the distribution of spheres of influence in industry, agriculture. Economic issues were resolved through corruption. Criminal groups controlled the shadow spheres. The presence of monetary limits of criminal origin complicated the situation in the state. The lobbying of personal interests prevailed over the state interest. Thus, economic gain prevailed in economic and political activities. It is established that its presence in power pushed the representation of the shadow economy out of the political life of the party, contributed to the development of trends in artificial party life. Some economic losses incurred by the state from the political activity of groups of criminal origin are investigated and clarified, as well as their role in the laws adopted by the Verkhovna Rada on privatization, deregulation of economic activity, export import operations, etc.
STRUCTURAL-PHOTOMETRIC IMAGES AS REFLECTION OF THE TIEN SHAN INTEGRAL TECTONIC SEGMENTATION
Authors: Leonov M.
Published: June 2021

The article discusses (first) the possibility of the structural-photometric images application for the Tian Shan intracontinental orogen segmentation. With the help of the Photoshop Pro program, the geological map into a system of graphic images was transformed. This technique allowed to identify the integral structural and morphological heterogeneity of the Kyrgyz Tian Shan upper crust and to create a scheme of the region's morphostructural segmentation.
DIGITALIZATION AS A WAY TO INCREASE THE EFFICIENCY OF PAID PARKING SPACE ON THE TERRITORY OF MOSCOW
Authors: Mashkova E. , Polyakov I.
Published: June 2021

The article examines the features of digitalization of paid parking space in Moscow. The concept and specifics of digitalization in the field of paid parking are considered and the most effective ways to solve the problem of scarce street space in the city are presented. The main results of the organization of paid parking spaces are highlighted: a decrease in the average arrival time of ambulances, the Ministry of Emergency Situations and fire brigades, a decrease in parking time, a decrease in the number of violations of the rules of stopping and parking on the streets, a decrease in transit volume, an increase in the speed of movement, the turnover of parking spaces, a decrease in the use of personal vehicles entering the toll zone, eliminating "chaotic parking", creating a safe and favorable environment for pedestrians, public transport and motorists. The article describes in detail the tools, approaches and methods associated with digital transformation, thanks to which these results were achieved in Moscow in less than 10 years. In addition, this publication presents the most effective ways to further use digitalization as a way to increase the efficiency of paid parking space on the territory of Moscow.
BORROWING AS ONE OF THE SOURCES OF REPLENISHMENT OF THE GERMAN VETERINARY TERMINOLOGY
Authors: Khakimova G.
Published: June 2021

The article considers borrowing as one of the ways of term formation in the German veterinary term system. Borrowed words of Greek-Latin origin enter into synonymous relations with the proper German terms, acting as absolute synonyms. The analysis of the actual material allows us to conclude that the replenishment of veterinary terminology in the German language occurs through the introduction of Latin and Greek terms or term elements into the German veterinary term system, the formation of proper German, as well as hybrid terms.
Cultural Limitations Inhibiting Female Athletes in Sports Participation at College Level in District Sialkot Pakistan
Authors: Manzoor Mehwish , Ullah Irfan , Khan Muhammad Asghar
Published: June 2021

The aim of the study was to investigate the Cultural limitations inhibiting female athletes in sports participation at the college level in district Sialkot, Pakistan. For this very purpose, the population of the present study consisted of 867 female athletes who were FA, FSc students. A simple random sampling technique was used, and 20 % of the total population was taken as a sample. A close-ended questionnaire was formulated and designed to analyze existing phenomena. The questionnaire was distributed among the athletes. The ratio of the returned questionnaire was 88.93 per cent. Descriptive statistical tools (mean and stander deviation) and inferential statistical tools (ANOVA and t-test) were used to analyze the collected data. The researcher concluded that there is a significant impact of Cultural limitations upon inhibiting female athlete in sports participation at the college level. It was recommended that the government might arrange sports tournament at all educational level, and parents may be present during sports competition. The special budget may be allocated for sports to female colleges. The achievement of any college in any sports arena may be awarded money and incentives for encouragement in sports participation
Developing Critical Thinking Among Inter-Level Students of Bannu Through Dialogic Pedagogy
Authors: Khan Ihsan Ullah , Khan Abdul Hamid , Khan Abdul Karim
Published: June 2021

The aim of the study is to explore the role of dialogic teaching, based on Bakhtin's concept of 'Dialogism', in developing critical thinking among students of intermediate level in District Bannu. The experimental research design was used in the study. Data was collected from the pre and post-tests of an experimental study, which was carried out on the 12th grade class of a public sector college. For this purpose, a pretest-posttest control group design was selected. In this design, the control group and treatment group were administered pre and posttests, but treatment was provided to the treatment group only. The test was designed to assess the critical thinking of the treatment group. The data from an experimental study was analyzed through paired sample t-test. The mean value of the difference between post-test and pretest of the treatment group is 7.16129, which indicates that the performance of the treatment group improved significantly, proving the positive role of dialogic teaching.