bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Web-Based Patient Recommender Systems for Preventive Care: Protocol for Empirical Research Propositions (Preprint)
Authors: Howell Pamella , Aryal Arun , Wu Crystal
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND

Preventive care helps patients identify and address medical issues early when they are easy to treat. The internet offers vast information about preventive measures, but the sheer volume of data can be overwhelming for individuals to process. To help individuals navigate this information, recommender systems filter and recommend relevant information to specific users. Despite their popularity in other fields, such as e-commerce, recommender systems have yet to be extensively studied as tools to support the implementation of prevention strategies in health care. This underexplored area presents an opportunity for recommender systems to serve as a complementary tool for medical professionals to enhance patient-centered decision-making and for patients to access health information. Thus, these systems can potentially improve the delivery of preventive care.

OBJECTIVE

This study proposes practical, evidence-based propositions. It aims to identify the key factors influencing patients’ use of recommender systems and outlines a study design, methods for creating a survey, and techniques for conducting an analysis.

METHODS

This study proposes a 6-stage approach to examine user perceptions of the factors that may influence the use of recommender systems for preventive care. First, we formulate 6 research propositions that can be developed later into hypotheses for empirical testing. Second, we will create a survey instrument by collecting items from extant literature and then verify their relevance using expert analysis. This stage will continue with content and face validity testing to ensure the robustness of the selected items. Using Qualtrics (Qualtrics), the survey can be customized and prepared for deployment on Amazon Mechanical Turk. Third, we will obtain institutional review board approval because this is a human subject study. In the fourth stage, we propose using the survey to collect data from approximately 600 participants on Amazon Mechanical Turk and then using R to analyze the research model. This platform will serve as a recruitment tool and the method of obtaining informed consent. In our fifth stage, we will perform principal component analysis, Harman Single Factor test, exploratory factor analysis, and correlational analysis; examine the reliability and convergent validity of individual items; test if multicollinearity exists; and complete a confirmatory factor analysis.

RESULTS

Data collection and analysis will begin after institutional review board approval is obtained.

CONCLUSIONS

In pursuit of better health outcomes, low costs, and improved patient and provider experiences, the integration of recommender systems with health care services can extend the reach and scale of preventive care. Examining recommender systems for preventive care can be vital in achieving the quadruple aims by advancing the steps toward precision medicine and applying best practices.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/43316
Healthcare system overstretch and in-hospital mortality of intubated COVID-19 patients in Greece: an updated analysis, September 2020 to April 2022 (Preprint)
Authors: Lytras Theodore
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND

Our previous analysis showed how in-hospital mortality of intubated COVID-19 patients in Greece is adversely affected by patient load and regional disparities.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to update this analysis to include the large “delta” and “omicron” waves that affected Greece during 2021-2022, while also considering the effect of vaccination.

METHODS

Anonymized surveillance data were analyzed from all COVID-19 patients in Greece intubated between 1 September 2020 and 4 April 2022, and followed up until 17 May 2022. Poisson regression was used to estimate the hazard of dying as a function of fixed and time-varying covariates.

RESULTS

Mortality was significantly higher above 400 patients, with an adjusted Hazard Ratio of 1.22, 95% CI: 1.09-1.38), rising progressively up to 1.48 (95% CI: 1.31-1.69) for 800+ patients. Hospitalization away from Attica region was also independently associated with increased mortality, as was hospitalization after 1 September 2021 (HR=1.21, 95% CI: 1.09-1.36). Vaccination did not affect the mortality of these already severely ill patients.

CONCLUSIONS

Our results confirm that in-hospital mortality of severely ill COVID-19 patients is adversely affected by high patient load and regional disparities, and point to a further significant deterioration after 1 September especially away from Attica and Thessaloniki. This highlights the need for urgent strengthening of healthcare services in Greece, ensuring equitable and high-quality care for all.
Pemikiran Pedagogi Kritis Henry Giroux
Authors: Fitramadhana Rizqyansyah
Published: October 2022

Berbeda dengan mayoritas penelitian pendidikan sebelumnya yang berfokus di ranah tematik, artikel ini berusaha mengetengahkan kajian pemikiran ke permukaan. Pemikiran pedagogi kritis Henry Giroux akan menjadi pusat perhatian dalam studi kali ini. Secara ringkas, artikel ini mempunyai tiga tujuan utama. Pertama, menjelaskan latar belakang perkembangan teoretis pedagogi kritis Henry Giroux. Kedua, memperlihatkan kritik Henry Giroux terhadap pendidikan a la neoliberal. Ketiga, menampilkan alternatif serta visi pendidikan yang dipikirkan oleh Henry Giroux. Agar dapat mencapai tujuan tersebut, artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan hermeneutik kritis untuk menyingkap intisari manuskrip-manuskrip kuncinya. Bersamaan dengan itu maka metode yang digunakan adalah studi pustaka. Karya tulis Henry Giroux yang sesuai dengan pembahasan akan dibaca, ditampilkan, dan dianalisis secara mendalam. Dengan menggunakan piranti metode tersebut, penelitian ini berpendapat bahwa (a) pemikiran pedagogi kritis Giroux sangat dipengaruhi oleh kritiknya terhadap teori korespondensi dan reproduksi, (b) penolakan kerasnya kepada cara pandang sempit neoliberal yang merasuk ke dunia pendidikan membuatnya menawarkan visi baru bernama pendidikan sebagai ruang publik politik, dan (c) Giroux memperlakukan sekolah sebagai tempat produksi agensi demokratis yang mampu menciptakan tatanan normatif demokrasi radikal dan keadilan sosial.
Characteristics by type of recognition of professionalism of licensed real estate agents
Authors:   Residential Environment Institute Of Korea, Bae Dong Hak , Kim Seung Hee
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this study is to find out the types of recognition of professional licensed real estate agents expertise and the stages of professional development according to the types of recognition.
A survey was conducted to categorize professional licensed real estate agents perceptions of professionalism.
As a result of the study, the professional recognition of licensed real estate agents was derived into five types. This was examined through Dreyfus's five-step model of skill acquisition. Beginner (Type 4) is a stage that requires universal knowledge and skills acquisition. Universal knowledge and technology expansion type, and advanced beginner (Type 5) is a stage in which daily work competency is enhanced. (Type 3) is the stage in which the network is expanded, the organizational network expansion type, the expert (Type 1) is the stage where immediate and automatic business processing is possible, the automatic judgment ability expansion type, and the expert (Type 2) is the expert (Type 2) It was explained as a type of expansion of professional work ability as the technology was advanced.
This study identified the characteristics of professional development stages according to the types of professional recognition of licensed real estate agents, and suggested the implications of professional development characteristics that licensed real estate agents should have in the rapidly changing real estate business environment.
A Study on the Problems and Improvement Plans of Officetel Buildings: Focusing on officetels in Daegu City built after the 2000s
Authors:   Residential Environment Institute Of Korea, Lee KeunTaek , Jeong JaeJun , Kim JooHyang
Published: October 2022

In this study, these officetels are one of the mixed-use buildings that well reflect the pluralistic and complex characteristics of the current society, and are being constructed particularly remarkably. Recognizing that it is a suitable type of housing, we propose that it is a downtown residential space that can accommodate the new demand class of 'one-two-person households', and seek the basis for planning directions and guidelines for 'officetel'. In this process, through conceptual analysis on the characteristics and lifestyle changes of consumers, literature research and case studies centered on 'officetel', and demand for residential space of consumers and experts' recognition of the importance of residential elements, It was intended to derive research results on officetels. Through this study, it is expected that the foundation will be prepared that can be used in the design of regional officetels reflecting the propensities of planning elements centered on users and experts with high quality satisfaction in the future.
The scope of the study was spatially and temporally limited to single-block buildings among officetels built after 2000 in the Daegu area. This is because, with the exception of the strengthening of regulations on officetels in 2004, regulations are being eased, and the recently built facilities reflect the diverse needs of modern people as much as possible.
A Study on Value Types, Financial Perceptions and Investment Behavior Intentions
Authors:   Residential Environment Institute Of Korea, Lee Hye Lee , Kim Jae Tae
Published: October 2022

As of today, various specific classes are being created, due to the increase in single-person households and the increase in elderly population for the super-aged society. For this, their lifestyle, value types can be not the same and their monetary plan and strategy can be various as well, leading to various investment behavior. So, this study tried to examine the effect of value type on investment behavior intention and the mediating effect of financial perception. For the purpose of this study, the hypotheses established in this study were tested on 412 valid samples. As a result of the analysis, it was confirmed that the value type would have a positive (+) effect on financial perception as a Hypothesis 1, and the value types would have a positive (+) effect on investment behavior intention as a Hypothesis 2. In addition, it was confirmed that the financial perception will have a positive (+) effect on investment behavior intention as a hypothesis 3. Finally, as a result of testing the mediating effect of financial perception as a Hypothesis 4, the significance was finally confirmed. These research results can contribute to maximizing investors' investment behavior if financial companies such as finance and real estate examine customers' propensity to value in future marketing strategies and encourage them to secure sound and reasonable financial consciousness by providing additional and optionally information. It is believed that this will soon contribute to the improvement of individual economic capabilities.
Isolation of Streptococcus Thoraltensis in A Case of Necrotizing Fasciitis
Authors: Venkatachalam Priya , Saikumar Chitralekha , Raveendran Praveena
Published: October 2022

Our aim of this case report is to add significant epidemiological knowledge regarding the role of Streptococcus thoraltensis in causing human infections, emphasizing the importance of not neglecting the viridans group of streptococci in nonneutropenic patients and also patients with normal cardiac valves. Objectives of our study are to present the clinical features and laboratory findings of a patient diagnosed with Necrotizing fasciitis of perineum in whom S.thoraltesis a viridans streptococcus species was isolated in blood culture . Necrotizing fasciitis is an uncommon bacterial infection of fascial tissue which can progress to cause necrosis followed by sepsis. In microbiological aspects Necrotizing fasciitis is classified as type I and II. Type I is due to polymicrobial infection.Type II is commonly due to group A beta hemolytic Streptococci and Staphylococcus aureus .To the best of our knowledge Streptococcus thoraltensis bacteremia with necrotizing fasciitis has never been reported till now. Only a few cases of S.thoraltensis is reported in literature so far. Here we present a case of a 65-year-old male patient admitted with sepsis and shock. He had a fever, chills for two weeks, and difficulty walking for five days. On examination, there was a scrotal swelling and a swelling of 8x4 cm over the left gluteal region near the anal canal with erythema and tenderness. The computed tomographic scan of the abdomen and pelvis was suggestive of Necrotizing Fasciitis with multiple abscess formation involving perianal region,ischiorectal fossa,root of penis, and scrotum, left anterior abdominal wall with left retroperitoneal and intraperitoneal extension. Laboratory investigations revealed marked neutrophilia and elevated urea and creatinine levels.The patient expired on the same day in spite of prompt supportive treatment. The 2 blood samples drawn from different sites were culture positive for S. thoraltensis . As blood culture results play a very important role in identifying the pathogen in Necrotizing fasciitis S.thoraltensis isolation from two blood cultures throws light on the emerging pathogenic nature of viridans group of streptococci.It emphasizes the importance of treating the viridans group of streptococci and not neglecting it in non-neutropenic patients and patients with normal cardiac valves.
Managerial discourse of «human capital»
Authors:   The Pacific National University, Arutyunian M. P.
Published: October 2022

Modern science and practice widely uses the concept of «human capital» when discussing both the general strategic tasks of transforming an industrial civilization on the way to the formation of a post-industrial, information society, and practical guidelines for the growth of a post-industrial economy, current social transformations and social management systems, corresponding to these general tasks. A broad interdisciplinary managerial discourse of human capital concerns all these areas. The issues of the human capital development index and quality of life indicators are paid special attention to. At the same time, practical functioning of the concept “human capital” and ambiguities in attempts to reflect it cause many problematic situations. Accordingly, the author of the article considers the philosophical and methodological reflection of the «human capital» concept no less relevant. In the context of dialectic of the historical and logical, tradition and innovation, the logic of «transitive» transition, transdisciplinary approach, philosophical and linguistic analysis, etc., the author joins the established interdisciplinary discourse of human capital and stresses the importance of clarifying the essential meanings of the linguistic construct «human capital». Analysis of logic of its historical formation and correlation with the concepts of “man”, “human integrity”, “human potential”, “labor resource”, etc., fixed in the scientific thesaurus, allow us raise questions of clarifying the scientific status and subject boundaries of this concept, which is the sphere of economy. According to the author when the concept of «human capital» is beyond its limits, it acquires the status of a metaphor or an oxymoron. This is evidenced by both the discourse positions and the existential risks of its scientific use in humanitarian sphere.
Prospects for the deepening of trade integration between EAEU participants and Asia-Pacific countries
Authors:   The Economic Research Institute, FEB RAS,, Tomilov M. V.
Published: October 2022

The paper analyzes the main trends of modern trade integration in the Asia-Pacific region, as well as key trade blocs (both existing and potential) that form these trends. As a result, such factors as the desire of major players to institutionalize trade and economic relations through the formation of their own trade rules and standards, the confrontation between the United States and China for leading positions in the region, as well as the accelerated development of the digital economy in response to the COVID-19 pandemic consequences are highlighted as determining the state of foreign trade in the Asia-Pacific region. The Asia-Pacific countries reaction to the pressure of these factors is expressed in an increase in the amount of new regional trade blocs, the expansion of existing ones, as well as changes in the economic strategies of states. The United States and its key allies in the region are most active in this area. This has already led to the renaming of the Asia-Pacific region to the Indo-Pacific in order to increase India's role in regional trade. In the medium term, this may lead to the formation of a pro-American trade and digital development system with the open access only for partner countries, which traditionally do not include Russia and China.
Change in the needs of the Far-Eastern economy for transport services
Authors:   The Economic Research Institute FEB RAS, Bardal A. B.
Published: October 2022

Formation of the transport complex that meets the needs of the economy of the Far East has always been an important area of scientific research. At the present stage, the relevance of this issue remains, acquiring special significance due to the modification of external and internal conditions for the functioning of the macro-region. However, the current state is the result of the genesis of the relationship of the transport and economic system over a long period. The subject of the article is the relationship between the development of the economy and the transport complex in the macro-region. The purpose of the work is to consider the dynamics of changes in the needs of the economy of the Far East in transport services. In the process of economic development of the east of Russia, the structure of the economy, its scale, spatial and technological characteristics, the system of economic interactions within the country and beyond its borders changed. Changes in the economy took place with the use of allocated centralized resources, the scale of which was determined by the goals and objectives of the state in a particular period of time. The processes of development of the economy of the Far East required adequate transport services. The economic complexes and industries being created in the east of Russia formed the need for the development of transport infrastructure for access to deposits of natural resources, to labor resources, to ensure reliable supplies within the framework of the system of interregional and inter-republican cooperative ties, as well as to move finished products to consumers. At the present stage, new conditions for development of the economy of the Far East are highlighted, which are reflected in the changing requirements for transport, such as: the transformation of the scale and directions of foreign economic relations, an increase in the assessment of the usefulness of the factor of population mobility, the formation of new strategic guidelines for the socio-economic system. To minimize the risks of limiting the transport support of the economy of the macro-region, it is important to correct the development of the transport complex in a timely manner.
Voltaire’s Comedy The Prodigal Son in Dostoevsky’s Novel The Adolescent
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Magaril-Il’iaeva Tatiana G.
Published: October 2022

Through the example of Voltaire’s comedy The Prodigal Son, the article shows how Dostoevsky actualizes the worldview and life strategies behind the imagery of other authors when using their texts in his novel The Adolescent. Nonetheless, Dostoevsky not only proposes several different perspectives but also engages in a dialogue with them and transforms them according to his aim. Dostoevsky thoroughly weaves the slightly mentioned comedy by the French philosopher into the fabric of the text, and the writer works with it in several mutually dependent directions at once. The quote is taken from the preface, not from the play, and it stresses the matters that are raised in the preface and the preface itself as a significant element of the composition. The French sentence borrowed by Versilov relates his image with Voltaire’s, as it was perceived by Dostoevsky. In the novel, Dostoevsky reflects on the motif of the prodigal son as it is presented in the Bible as well as in its transformed version by Voltaire.
The Adolescent as a Sentimental Education
Authors:   Georgetown University, Meerson Olga А.
Published: October 2022

This article dwells on my earlier method, of mining discursive taboos, specific for each novel by Dostoevsky, for the key values made prominent in these novels. More than the original chapter in my 1998 book, Dostoevsky’s Taboos, the article applies this method to the specific poetics of The Adolescent as a Bildungsroman. As Arkady, the character, and then, eventually, the narrator, learns about his own faux pas about violating others’ taboos, he also learns about values entailed by these taboos. He becomes less selfish and more sensitive to the reality of other people and their pain and sore spots. As readers, we learn about compassion and a certain imperative system of values, together with this character, just as these newly unmentionable values emerge or transpire for him. Rather than being told about the “before and after” of the character, we are implicated in his transformation, learning his lessons together with him and never having any moral immunity from his faults or any opportunity to judge him from above.
No Longer an Adolescent, Not Yet a Prince
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Boborykina Tatiana A.
Published: October 2022

The essay explores some of the numerous questions which the readers of The Adolescent — one of the most enigmatic novels by Dostoevsky — face. What is the hidden meaning of the various allusions to Pushkin, Dickens, Shakespeare, which are spread all over the text? What is the encoded meaning of the novel’s specific style, its “cinematographic” visuality, and finally — what is the meaning of the very title, and why it is constantly repeated that the adolescent with a “princely” name is not a “Prince”? The path of the hero and his idea of “becoming Rothschild” are being traced. The reasons for such an idea are discovered through parallels to A Christmas Carol by Dickens. The Biblical parable about the rich man and Lazarus is defined as the source of both Dickens’s story and part of Dostoevsky’s novel. The point of transformation of the adolescent’s “idea” is compared to Dostoevsky’s Christmas story The Beggar Boy at Christ’s Christmas Tree. Special attention is paid to such elements of style as the “stream of consciousness”, “internal monologue” etc., which foreshadow revelations of modernism. Cinematographic devices like “closeups” and materialized metaphors are also in the focus of attention, as most of them visualize the leitmotifs of the novel. The analysis of the adolescent’s spiritual portrait discovers an important role of not only his “two fathers”, but also his school friend Lambert, whose grotesque and almost mythological figure is interpreted in various ways. The structure of the essay leads to the decoding of the laconic formula “Hamlet-Christian” with which Dostoevsky opens his outline and notes to the novel. The maxim is interpreted as some transcendental goal to which the author is leading his hero from the very first line of the novel’s plan. In the context of the theme “No longer an аdolescent, not yet a рrince” the essay explores metaphorical content of such notions as “adolescent” and “prince”. The research highlights that the metaphysical realm of the novel is enormous and embraces not only the path of its young hero but also the possible ways of the historical development of both Russia and Europe.
“Restoring the Kinship”: The Novel The Adolescent as a Prologue to the Dialogue Between Nikolay Fedorov and Fyodor Dostoevsky
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Gacheva Anastasia G.
Published: October 2022

The article tries to read the novel The Adolescent in the light of the spiritual and creative dialogue between the philosopher of the common task Nikolay Fedorov and Fyodor Dostoevsky. Although The Adolescent was written and published three years before Fedorov’s student N. Peterson presented his teacher’s ideas to the writer in the article “What should a people’s school be?”, the novel can be considered as a prologue to the topic that became later the subject of Fedorov’s main work The question of brotherhood or kinship, about the causes of the non-fraternal, unrelated, i.e. non-peaceful, state of the world, and about the means to restore kinship. The plot of the novel is interpreted in the article through the prism of Fedorov’s themes of non-kinship and the restoration of universal kinship, the idea of returning the hearts of sons to their fathers and fathers’ hearts to their children. It is shown how the theme of “family as the practical beginning of love” is expressed in the novel.
The Concept of “Besporyadok” (“Disorder”) in Dostoevsky’s Novel The Adolescent
Authors:   Crimean Federal V.I. Vernadsky University, Kapustina Svetlana V.
Published: October 2022

The article is dedicated to the reconstruction of the concept of “besporyadok” (“disorder”) in the novel The Adolescent, considering the distinction between the intentions of the actual author and the hero-creator. The complex structure of the author’s concept is reconstructed using Dostoevsky’s workbooks for February 1874 – November 1875, and the key element of it is stated to be the “internal disorder” that occurs when a person’s soul is poisoned with devilry. It is argued that this type of besporyadok (“disorder”), correlated by Dostoevsky with the phenomenon of bezobrazie (“ugliness”), serves as a source and catalyst for “family disorder”, “secular disorder”, and “general disorder”. The adolescent, illustrating all the listed facets of the author’s concept, naturally focuses on comprehending the “internal disorder”, which at the end of his “Notes” acquires the concept-name of “bezobrazie”. The gradual “deployment” of this concept by Arkady Dolgoruky sets the dynamics of the narrative, reflects the ongoing process of samovidelka (“self-creation”), based on the movement of the hero from the feeling of bezobrazie (“ugliness”) to the beginning of his consciousness. It is argued that Dostoevsky’s perception of besporyadok (“disorder”) and besovstvo (“devilry”) as related phenomena provoking general decomposition, an increase of the chaos in the macro and microcosm, and thirst for self-destruction, does not predetermine a constantly negative modality in their artistic embodiment. In the light of the “realism in the highest sense”, the manifestations of besporyadok (“disorder”) are often seen by Dostoevsky as an impulse for renewal, purification, and transformation. Arkady Dolgoruky, due to his age and spiritual weakness, is deprived of the opportunity to perceive bezobrazie (ugliness) in such an expanded focus, therefore in his conceptosphere this unit is not ambivalent, but is considered a negative element opposed to blagoobrazie (goodness).
Textual Aspects of the Research on the Novel The Adolescent
Authors:   Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkin House) of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tarasova Natalia A.
Published: October 2022

The work is devoted to the study of Dostoevsky’s novel The Adolescent in its textual, biographical, and intermediate aspects. The first paragraph contains the results of a textual study of the novel manuscripts. The work shows the connections of The Adolescent with the unfulfilled plan The Life of a Great Sinner, as well as with Pushkin and Lermontov motives that were important for Dostoevsky’s creative method during the work on the novel. The second paragraph through the analysis of the manuscripts identifies a prototype of one of the characters of The Adolescent, Darzan. The study reveals the biographical nature of this hero and shows how some facts of Dostoevsky’s biography influenced the development of this character and the artistic idea of the novel as a whole. The third paragraph examines the writer’s use of conventional signs that graphically reflect the content of the artistic idea, themes, and motifs in the handwritten text. The fourth paragraph is devoted to intertextual connections in the handwritten and printed texts of Dostoevsky’s novel The Adolescent using the example of the analysis of the allusion to Zhukovsky’s elegy A Country Churchyard and the specifics of its functioning in the context of the novel narrative. The fifth paragraph contains an analysis of a fragment of a draft autograph where Dickens’ The Old Curiosity Shop is mentioned. This part of the work investigates which translations of The Old Curiosity Shop could be known to Dostoevsky and how the themes and some scenes of Dickens’ novel were reflected in the draft and printed text of The Adolescent, where the motif of sunset acquires a special and independent meaning. The sixth paragraph analyzes the syncretic nature of the novel narrative, combining images and motifs that belong to different types of art. The analysis allows us to determine the features of the author’s perception of religious images in European painting and architecture and their significance in The Adolescent. In the seventh paragraph, the study of intermediate relations is carried out by looking at the interaction of musical and literary motives in the novel. An example of such interaction in the manuscripts of The Adolescent is Trishatov’s “musical fantasy”, which reflects the author’s interpretation of Charles Gounod’s opera Faust and Goethe’s tragedy, the traditions of Russian sacred music and church worship.
Children Stories in The Adolescent by Fyodor Dostoevsky: from the Drafts to the Novel
Authors:   ational Research University Higher School of Economics in St. Petersburg, Dimitriev Viktor M. ,   Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkin House)
Published: October 2022

The article deals with two fragments of the drafts of The Adolescent concerning images of children. The first part concentrates on the reason why Dostoevsky excludes from the final text of the novel a fragment about the meeting of Arkady with a freezing girl named Arisha that was collocated before the hero dreamed of Touchard’s boarding school (second part, chapter nine). The author of the article explains the exclusion of the episode with Arisha by the specifics of the development of the theme of children in the final text, the expansion of Arkady’s authorial rights, as well as an important change of motivation for the fragment. The second part is devoted to the story of the “boy with a bird” in the drafts of the novel, which was supposed to be one of the main plotlines of the final text. This story was modified to become one of Makar Dolgoruky’s “touching stories”, precisely the story (skaz) of the merchant Skotoboinikov. The article focuses on the development of the story of the “boy with a bird” in the drafts and on the reasons that could explain the change of function of this plotline in the final text. The fact that the story has been placed at the beginning of the third part of the novel is important because the main purpose of this part is to slow down the plot development, and the story becomes a metonymy of the main conflict, notably, the confrontation between Versilov and Arkady Dolgoruky. Special attention is paid to the fact that Arkady told this story trying to reproduce the style of Makar Dolgoruky.
Fyodor Dostoevsky’s Novel The Adolescent in the Research of Russian Authors of the First Half of the 20th Century: An Analytical Review
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Bogdanova Olga A.
Published: October 2022

The history of the perception of Fyodor Dostoevsky’s novel The Adolescent in the first half of the 20th century is divided into two qualitatively different periods: the Silver Age and the 1920s-1940s. The peculiarity of the first one is the discovery of Dostoevsky as a philosopher and religious thinker, while the second is characterized by the awareness of him as an original artist. Therefore, in the first period, “ideological” and “spiritual” interpretations of The Adolescent prevailed (D.S. Merezhkovsky, V.F. Pereverzev, N.A. Berdyaev, and others), in the second — scientific studies of his poetics and especially of the manuscript corpus (V.L. Komarovich, A.L. Bem, G.I. Chulkov, A.S. Dolinin, and others). The development of the main areas of study of The Adolescent in the 1920s and 1940s (biography, psychoanalysis, and poetics) is considered in chronological order. There is no clear distinction between Soviet and emigrant researchers, although it is stated the difference in the conditions in which they worked. Among more than three dozen works with subtle observations, compelling intuitions, and important discoveries, the article recognizes the peak of the study of The Adolescent during these years in the chapter dedicated to the novel in the book Dostoevsky. Life and Creativity (1947) by the emigrant scholar Konstantin Mochulsky. The work, nourished by almost the entire research discourse on both sides of the USSR border, combines religious-philosophical and formal-aesthetic approaches to the novel and offers a holistic view of its problems; nevertheless, it is free from traces of the ideological coercion that Soviet scientists experienced in the 1930s and 1940s.
“Dear Ivan Alekseevich, rely on me as on a stone mountain...”: I.A. Bunin and I.I. Fondaminsky
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Azarov Yuri A.
Published: October 2022

The present article considers the relationship between I.A. Bunin and I.I. Fondaminsky, a public figure, historian, socialist revolutionary, a member of the Constituent Assembly who happened to participate in the decisive events of the Russian revolution. In Paris the Fondaminskys became the closest friends and assistants of the Bunins, but the history of relationship between these families has not yet become the subject of special analysis. In the diary of V.N. Muromtseva-Bunina and “The Grasse Diary” by G.N. Kuznetsova we can find evidence of how highly Bunin valued Fondaminsky — an outstanding storyteller, writer and educated person. He was a member of the editorial board of “Sovremennye zapiski” and long before Bunin won the Nobel prize never had any doubt that his prose was a sign of special distinction for the journal. Many of his literary works were published here, including “The Life of Arsen’ev”. The letters of the Fondaminskys addressed to the Bunins preserved in Leeds Russian Archive cover a period of 16 years and largely reveal the nature of their relationship. Questions related to cooperation in the journal are uppermost in the correspondence, but such topics as the assessment of émigré writers, issues related to the joint rental of the Belvedere villa in Grasse, and tips for solving money problems were also touched upon. Fondaminsky is also represented in the correspondence as a reader of Bunin, a publisher and a seller of his books.
Bunin and Mayakovsky: New Aspects of the Old Theme
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Terekhina Vera N.
Published: October 2022

The confrontation between I.A. Bunin and V.V. Mayakovsky became a fact not only of their biography, but a significant phenomenon of the history of Russian literature of the 20th century. In the post-revolutionary years the political intransigence of writers increased. Later Bunin transferred ideological rejection from personality to the work of the poet, and discredited not only works used by Stalin’s propaganda, but also pre-revolutionary. The analysis of poetics undertaken by him served to confirm the initially negative concept: “Mayakovsky is the greatest bully of Russian literature”. Mayakovsky’s slogan is also known: “Enough with Buninshchina!” The article focuses on new aspects of the topic and reveals the peculiarities of the long confrontation of writers, the ambiguous nature of their mutual interest and assessments. Special attention is paid to the interpretation of episodes from Bunin’s books “Cursed Days”, “Memories,” as well as publications in the émigré periodicals. For the first time, the article examines cases of convergence of their judgments, gives examples of similar motives and common sources of creativity. Thus, the view on the personality and creativity of writers is complicated, the idea of the literary process in emigration and the metropolis is enriched with new facts.
Bunin and Gorky: Two Centres of the Divided Russian Literature
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Primochkina Natalia N.
Published: October 2022

The article analyzes the ambiguous personally conflicting and literary relations of two major Russian realist writers of the 20th century, I.A. Bunin and M. Gorky, of the post-revolutionary period. Before the revolution, these writers were connected by almost twenty years of friendship. After the revolution their life and creative paths diverged forever. Despite this Bunin and Gorky continued to have a close interest in each other, closely watching each other’s social activities, publicistic speeches and artistic creativity. But Bunin fundamentally refused to see anything positive in his former friend, to recognize him for any artistic achievements. Gorky, while continuing to value Bunin’s writing talent very highly, believed that his talent in the conditions of emigration, far from his homeland, began to fade. In the minds of many contemporaries Gorky and Bunin were considered two centers of divided Russian literature, two magnetic poles around which the writers of Soviet Russia and emigration were grouped. If Gorky was the undisputed leader and head of Soviet literature, Bunin was a recognized master and “the chief ” writer of Russian literature abroad.
Ivan Bunin in the A.S. Cheremnov’s Correspondence with A.M. Gorky
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Matevosyan Elena R.
Published: October 2022

The article is devoted to the history of dating and the development of relations between I.A. Bunin and A.S. Cheremnov, reflected in the correspondence between Cheremnov and A.M. Gorky. A.S. Cheremnov’s letters have not been published. The poet Cheremnov is not studied sufficiently. It so happened that it was a short-term friendship with Bunin that helped him return from obscurity in our days. Meanwhile, his personality is worthy of study and memory. A talented satirist and lyricist Cheremnov was actively involved in the literary life of St. Petersburg and Moscow in 1904 and 1917 and in his letters left interesting evidence about it.
Stories by I.A. Bunin in the Collections of “Znanije” Company: “Chernozem” (1904), “Poor Devil” (1909), “Zakhar Vorobyov” (1912), “In Memory of Chekhov” (1905)
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kaskina Yulia Uz.
Published: October 2022

The article analyzes the stories of I.A. Bunin published for the first time in Gorky’s collections “Znanije”. Their subjects and problems are close to the realistic direction of the collections. The stories tell the story of the richness of the fertile Russian land, the conspicuous desolation of landowners’ nests and the poverty of peasants; about the originality and power of the Russian character. For the first time in the story “Sakhar Vorobyov” in the person of a red-haired burgher, who pushed the main character to death, the motive of the phenomenon of the trait is noted. It is indicated that “Beden Bes” is an integral part and the first, more complete, edition of the later story “Birds of Heaven” (1927). Unlike other writers-znanievtsy Bunin more deeply — in the “context of broad cultural philosophical issues” — reflected on what was happening in Russia after the defeat of the first Russian Revolution in 1905. Memories of Chekhov, written in hot pursuit, later entered into the posthumous edition of I.A. Bunin’s book “About Chekhov” (New York, 1955). The high assessment of M. Gorky, A.P. Chekhov, E.P. Peshkova early prose by I. Bunin is given. Gorky invariably set Bunin as an example for aspiring authors, calling to learn artistic skills.
“...About the village and peasants, about death and life…”: Vs. Ivanov and I. Bunin in the Context of Literary Discussions of the 1920s
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Papkova Elena A.
Published: October 2022

In this article is for the first time presented the comparison of the creativity of Vs. Ivanov and I.A. Bunin in a broad historical and literary context of evaluating Bunin’s works of different years by critics of Soviet Russia, as well as understanding his influence on the formation of village prose of young Soviet writers. The author of this article introduces a wide range of literary-critical articles of the 1920s into scientific use where Bunin’s creativity is examined from both class and aesthetic positions. The question of the influence of Bunin’s works about the peasantry on the prose of the younger generation of writers during the 1920s was solved by critics in different ways — from recognizing the regularity of the influence of the older generation of writers on young prose writers to denying the possibility of a “bourgeois artist” to give a truthful description of village and, consequently, asserting the unacceptability of the Bunin tradition for Soviet literature. The article contains a parallel between the stories of Vs. Ivanov’s “The Life of Smokotinin” and I. Bunin’s “I Still Keep Silent” is considered from the point of view of the subject matter and philosophical problems of the works.
Estate House as Frontier Territory in the “Estate Text” of Ivan Bunin
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mikhalenko Natalia V.
Published: October 2022

Both in the early and in the the émigré works of Ivan Bunin, an estate house serves as a kind of frontier, in time as well as in space. His protagonist always thinks about the fate of people who dwelled in the past in the places he visits (see the poem “Grandfather’s Youth”, the story “The Scent of Apples”), and a kind of connection between generations is drawn as if the estate becomes the junction point of different layers of time. The linear time of human life and the cyclical time of the generations are combined with perfect precision. And the tragedy of the protagonist is their ruin, the end of the old way of life (see, for example, the poems “... Sometimes in the autumn I dream” or “Desolation”). The space of an estate in Bunin’s works is deeply associated with nature, its state can even be attributed to it. This blurs the boundaries of the estate house, and the person in it begins to feel like a part of the harmony of nature, starts to ponder eternal questions (see the poems “A crescent moon came out on a quiet night...”, “In centuries-old darkness of an old black spruce...”, etc.). In the novel “The Life of Arseniev”, the stories “Mowers”, “Non-urgent Spring” and others, the estate house becomes an idyllic place where the protagonist seeks to return. The world of an old estate is closely related to Bunin’s literary work, being the opportunity to combine different ideas and images, like in a kind of a borderland.
Transformation of the Published Texts by Bunin in 1920–1930: From the First Publication to the Collection of Works
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nikolaev Dmitry D.
Published: October 2022

The article explains the main trends of Bunin’s work in emigration on already published texts. The first publications of works in periodicals, publications in Bunin’s books and in the collected works are compared. New versions of pre-revolutionary works, and the principles of transformation of texts written already in exile are analyzed. It is shown that Bunin continued to work carefully on the texts of already published works, even those that critics assessed as “perfect”. At the same time, Bunin did not just create an increasingly “perfect” work from the point of view of style. Both before the revolution and in exile Bunin takes into account the audience that a particular publication is aimed at — its age, national, social, and ideological features, making the text more “modern” in terms of a specific time of perception.
The Book by I.A. Bunin “Liberation of Leo Tolstoy” in the Context of Russian Emigre Literary and Philosophical Criticism
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kaznina Olga A.
Published: October 2022

The present article is devoted to the multidimensional analysis of the book by I.A. Bunin “Liberation of Leo Tolstoy” (1937). Attention is devoted to the history of its creation and to its unique structure, combining the genres of memoirs, journalistic sketch, diary, epistles and literary portrait with philosophical contemplation. Special consideration is paid to the properties of style of the text as well as to the development of the artistic image of Leo Tolstoy. The center of the research is occupied by the problem of the spiritual and religious quest of Tolstoy in the latest decades of his life, to his multifaceted concept of liberation and also to the enigma of his last flight from Yasnaya Poliana. Bunin’s interpretations are investigated on the complex background of literary, philosophical and theological evaluations of Tolstoy’s worldview, as it took shape after the spiritual crisis of his later years. Different reactions to his final escape are also taken into account. The article reflects the positions of G. Adamovitch, V. Hodasevitch, V. Maklakov, I. Shahovskoy, S. Bulgakov, as well as many other literary critics, philosophers and theologians. Bunin’s book is investigated as a source for the studies of spiritual and intellectual quest on the verge of the centuries, i.e. the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century. Bunin’s book is presented also in the context of Russian émigré literary and philosophical criticism.
Pengaruh Risiko Likuiditas dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Profitabilitas Perbankan di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Dewi Nurma Gupita
Published: October 2022

This study aims to analyze the effect of liquidity risk and firm size on profitability in the banking sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2016-2018. Liquidity risk in this study is proxied by using factors that can be managed by the bank to avoid the threat of liquidity risk.Liquidity risk in this study is proxied by loan debt ratio, while firm size uses a natural logarithm from total assets. The sampling technique uses a purposive sampling method that is by using certain criteria. The population in this study was all banking companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sample used in this study are 30 banks.The analysis was carried out using multiple regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that loan debt ratio has aninsignificant effect on bank profitability. Firm size has a positive Â and significant effect toward profitability in banking sector in Indonesia.Keywords: Liquidity Risk, Firm Size and ProfitabilityJEL Classification Codes:Â  C12, G21, L25