bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DIRECTIONS OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES IN THE TOURISM SPHERE
Authors:   State Biotechnological University, Merchanskyi Volodymyr
Published: June 2023

Understanding the essence of the nature of innovation and the study of innovation processes in the tourism sector contributes to its development, and therefore to the satisfaction of the growing needs of consumers. The article analyzes the definitions that illustrate the main approaches to the interpretation of the concept of "innovation in tourism" by Ukrainian and foreign scientists. It was established that today there is no single approach to the interpretation of the concept of "innovation in tourism". Systematization of scientific and methodical approaches to understanding the essence of "innovation in tourism" as an economic category made it possible to single out the most significant areas of research conveying its meaning. The main trends of innovations in tourism according to the Oslo Manual are highlighted in the areas of: product, process, marketing and organizational innovations. It was established that there is no single approach to the classification of innovations for the tourism sector, which is due to its specificity and the attempt of scientists to accurately identify the object of innovation, since it determines all subsequent innovative activity and its effectiveness. Attention is focused on the fact that in order for the enterprise to obtain the planned result from the implementation of innovations, it is necessary to have the appropriate innovation potential. The list of expected results from conducting innovative activities by enterprises in the tourism sector is given. Incorrect assessment of innovation potential and the innovation strategy developed on its basis is the main cause of risks in innovation activity. The main factors that have a negative impact on the introduction of innovations in the tourism sector have been determined. It has been proven that the development and implementation of innovations is an integral condition for the creation of competitive advantages by enterprises in the tourism sector. Understanding the course of innovation processes in the tourism sector makes it possible to assess the influence of all factors, and a comprehensive approach to solving issues related to financing, training personnel, conducting scientific research, state support, development of a regulatory and legal framework, etc. is a catalyst for the implementation of innovation processes in tourism sector.
STRATEGIC PRIORITIES OF TOURISM ACTIVITIES DURING THE WAR
Authors:   Polissia National University, Chernyshova Taisiia , Osipchuk Anna ,   Polissia National University
Published: June 2023

The article highlights tourist activity, including economic activity, using the example of the cultural and artistic center "Polis`ka Khata" during 2019–2022, which includes the COVID-19 pandemic and a fullscale war with Russia. An assessment of the consequences caused by these phenomena has been carried out. Attendance and economic activity of the agricultural estate during 2016–2022 have been compared also. It has been determined that a wide range of tourist services is providing on the basis of the estate, this activity significantly expands the consumer`s audience and its tourist attraction. After analyzing the economic activity for four years, it has been established that tourist activity has a seasonal difference and also depends on the thematic events that take place on the territory of the agricultural estate. As a result of the analysis of economic activity for the period 2016–2022, a gradual increase in income has been established until the end of 2019 inclusive (before quarantine restrictions). Thus, the trend indicates a gradual increase in the demand for the tourist product in rural tourism and the active work of the manor`s owners to promote their tourist product on the tourist market. In order to systematize the problems and advantages of the development of rural tourism in the territory of Zhytomyr region, a SWOT analysis using the generalization of factual information has been made, the status of this type of activity has been carried out. It has been established that at the current stage, regardless of the political and economic situation in the country, rural tourism has turned into a self-sufficient business that is economically profitable, competitive and elastic. Nowadays, the demand for tourist services and the needs of consumers have changed the concept of the approach to creating a comprehensive tourist product in rural tourism. Despite the challenges of modernity (quarantine restrictions due to the COVID-19 pandemic, fierce competition) and the state of war in the country, rural tourism is a promising and effective direction of diversification of the economy of the United Territorial Communities (UTC).
FORMATION OF A STRATEGY OF INTERACTION WITH RESEARCH UNIVERSITY STAKEHOLDERS BASED ON FUZZY SET THEORY
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Balan Valeriy , Kozlenko Anastasiia ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: June 2023

The article identifies the internal and external stakeholders of the research university in the areas of educational activity and research activity, and also develops a methodical approach to their analysis and evaluation. To solve the given problem, the modification of the ASC (Accountability Scorecard) model is applied using the tools of the fuzzy-multiple theory and the construction of fuzzy "contributions" – "inducements" matrices. A linguistic seven-level scale with corresponding fuzzy numbers in triangular form and triangular membership functions is used by experts to assess the level of stakeholders’ "contributions" to the development of a research university and the "inducements" amount for these stakeholders. In the event of a significant difference in expert assessments, the procedure of the Fuzzy Delphi method can be applied. Aggregation of fuzzy expert assessments is carried out by calculating average values. In order to "clarify" (reduce the level of vagueness, blurring) the obtained fuzzy estimates, the -cross-section of fuzzy numbers is used. To facilitate calculations according to the proposed approach, a framework has been developed in the Excel software application, which contains the following components: a block for inputting expert information in a linguistic form, a block for transforming this information into fuzzy numbers in a triangular form, a block for checking the consistency of expert estimates, a block for aggregation of fuzzy estimates, and a construction block fuzzy matrices for each of the areas of research. This framework makes it possible to carry out simulation modeling depending on the experts’ input assessments. Strategic recommendations for managing interaction with stakeholders in each of the directions (for educational and research activities) for each of the areas of the constructed fuzzy matrix and a mechanism for forming proposals for each stakeholder based on perspective planning are proposed. The methodological approach developed on the basis of the integration of constructed fuzzy matrices for educational and research activities can be an effective and efficient tool for ranking the stakeholders of a research university and developing an interaction strategy and ensuring effective cooperation with interested parties.
FEATURES OF MANAGEMENT OF THE CAPITAL STRUCTURE OF ENTERPRISES IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics, Velyka Olena , Kozlova Inna ,   Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics
Published: June 2023

The article discusses the features of managing the capital structure of enterprises, which is the ratio between their borrowed and own funds. One of the main factors in the optimality of the capital structure is to ensure the improvement of the performance of the enterprise, namely the increase in the return on equity. It has been established that to analyze the impact of the capital structure of an enterprise on the level of return on equity, the effect of financial leverage is used. Its main elements are the tax corrector, differential and leverage. The essence and interrelation of the differential and leverage of the effect of financial leverage, which can be influenced by the enterprise itself, are considered. It has been established that an increase in the leverage of financial leverage leads to a decrease in its differential. Calculation of the financial leverage effect differential is based on the determination of the weighted average price of borrowings. The expediency of taking into account the cost of accounts payable for goods, which arises as a result of a commodity loan, is substantiated when determining the weighted average price of borrowed capital. It is defined as the conversion into an annual interest rate of the amount of the price discount provided, subject to early payment for the shipped goods. It has been established that, in addition to accounts payable for goods, when calculating the weighted average price of borrowed capital, it is necessary to take into account the cost of a bank loan, financial leasing, issue of bonds and internal accounts payable. An analysis of the capital structure of Ukrainian enterprises was carried out and it was found that the main source of their financing is borrowed capital. Also, studies of the relationship between the financial leverage of Ukrainian enterprises and the level of their solvency and financial stability were carried out. The coverage ratio was chosen as the main indicator of solvency, and the autonomy ratio was chosen as the main indicator of financial stability. It is proved that changes in the capital structure in favor of borrowed funds reduce the solvency and financial stability of domestic enterprises. It is advisable to conduct further research on the relationship between the capital structure of domestic enterprises and the level of return on equity.
DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONNEL CONSULTING IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Zaporizhzhia National University, Dashko Iryna , Mykhailichenko Lubomir ,   Zaporizhzhia National University
Published: June 2023

This article examines and analyzes the development of personnel consulting in Ukraine. The level of unemployment in Ukraine, which is the root cause of the use of personnel consulting, was studied. It is noted that the management of labor potential is closely related directly to the management of the organization's personnel, since the employees themselves have the necessary internal potential for work. It was determined that personnel consulting is widely represented in many spheres of activity of organizations, designed to solve a wide range of tasks, helps to assess the labor potential of the company and its compliance with the development strategy. The main tasks of personnel consulting in Ukraine are defined. The need for personnel consulting was determined when accompanying changes in the organization related to restructuring, when evaluating labor potential, planning personnel transfers, when developing a personnel motivation system, forming or changing the corporate culture and psychological climate in the team. The activity of consulting companies in Ukraine over the past five years has been studied. It was determined that the turnover of consulting companies has grown significantly, which is evidenced by the popularization of consulting as a direction. It was determined that the task of consulting is to create a complete personnel management system based on the integration of the efforts of personnel at all levels, which often requires a radical change in the organization's policy in this area of the client's organizational problems or to provide comprehensive knowledge through personnel training. It is noted that HR-consulting in the field of personnel motivation is used when clients face tasks related to the need to increase the interest of personnel in increasing the efficiency of their work, bringing the reward system in line with the performance of employees, attracting and retaining key specialists at all levels of the organization. It has been studied that consultants can optimize the process of selection of labor resources with the help of screening, recruiting, headhunting and preliminary methods. It is noted that as a tool for personnel development and career management, personnel consulting ensures that personnel qualifications match the needs of the company, which is one of the most important conditions for the success of any organization. It is noted that personnel consulting occupies an important place in effective personnel management, especially in the conditions of change, which today is war, because not only high-quality personnel selection is needed, but also finding ways to develop and support them.
TAX MECHANISMS OF DETINIZATION OF GLOBAL BUSINESS ACTIVITIES
Authors:   Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman, Herasymova Yanina
Published: June 2023

The high level of shadowing of the world economy and its highly destructive impact on all spheres of human life make the diversified toolkit of de-shadowing of business activities one of the priority mechanisms for stimulating global economic development. Its strategic goals are primarily related to the formation of favorable organizational, economic, institutional and tax conditions for compliance by economic entities of various countries with strict requirements regarding the transparency of financial and economic activities and the movement of funds in bank accounts, combating the illegal withdrawal of funds abroad and "laundering » of the tax base, laundering of "dirty" money and shifting of corporate profits to low-tax jurisdictions, as well as manipulation of transfer prices for intra-company supplies of goods and services. At the same time, a full-fledged and systematic detinization of the global economy is impossible without the simultaneous implementation by countries of a diversified toolkit of interstate cooperation in this area with the aim of improving the mechanisms of taxation of extraterritorial activities of companies and firms, including with the use of digital technologies. In our opinion, it is the set of measures mentioned in the article that can bring the system of detinization of global business activity to a qualitatively higher level of development and eliminate its inherent methodological flaws and shortcomings. At the same time, the highest effect of detinization can be achieved exclusively on the basis of the comprehensive implementation by countries of organizational and economic, institutional and tax instruments at the national and supranational levels with the simultaneous application of moral and reputational influence on fiscally dishonest economic subjects. At the same time, the extraterritorial nature of the activities of modern multinational companies and their widespread use of digital technologies also brings to the fore the issue of a deep qualitative reorganization of the current system of global tax management in order to counteract the "erosion" of the tax base and cross-border financial speculation, as well as to ensure a fairer distribution of global tax revenues between states and world regions.
CURRENT STOCK MARKET DEVELOPMENT TRENDS AND THEIR IMPACT ON BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, Martseniuk Olena , Lichman Oleksandr ,   Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, Dominchak Rostyslav ,   Vinnytsia National Agrarian University
Published: June 2023

The article examines the peculiarities of the functioning of the stock market of Ukraine and the factors of its influence on business development. It has been investigated that in recent years the domestic stock market has had contradictory development trends. The total volumes of issues of emission securities on the stock market and the volumes of shares were analyzed and it was established that during the studied period there was a reduction, but the volumes of bond issues increased significantly. The indicators of the stock market in the world were studied and the main conditions restraining the prospects of its effective functioning were highlighted. The stock market is an important segment of the financial system of any country. Traditionally, for developed countries, this market plays the role of a platform for recruiting finance, for less developed and transitory economies, it is a chance to attract direct and portfolio investments, new technologies and an opportunity to significantly improve the economic situation. The main problems of the functioning of the stock market of Ukraine are given, as well as the main directions of its development are proposed.
TRADE AND INVESTMENT COOPERATION OF UKRAINE AND GREAT BRITAIN
Authors:   Volyn National University named after Lesya Ukrainka, Kukharyk Viktoriia , Skorokhod Iryna ,   Volyn National University named after Lesya Ukrainka
Published: June 2023

Current trade and investment cooperation between Ukraine and Great Britain is article analyzed in the paper. It is determined that the countries are the important partners and have a long history of trade and investment rellatioms. After Brexit, Great Britain started trade negotiations with the EU and other states in order to sign new trade agreements. Thus, the Political, Free Trade and Strategic Partnership Agreement between Ukraine and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland was signed. The general principles of bilateral cooperation and partnership in the new Agreement is of strategic and practical importance. It has been proven that the signing of the agreement resulted in an increase of the import of goods of British origin to Ukraine and the import of goods of Ukrainian origin to Britain, i.e., there was an increase in the volume of export-import operations of Ukraine with Great Britain. Accordingly, the negative trade balance of Ukraine with Great Britain decreased. It was determined that Great Britain actively supports Ukraine in its resistance to Russian military aggression. In particular, the country applied a zero rate of import duty on all goods of Ukrainian origin and canceled all tariff quotas. The next stage to the intensification of mutual cooperation was the signing of Agreement on digital trade between Ukraine and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The agreement is a legal foundation for greater development of the digital economy from e-commerce to cyber security, trade in digital products and services between Ukraine and Great Britain. The agreement is expected to support the economy of Ukraine and significantly improve trade and investment relations between the countries. According to the agreement, Ukraine will have guaranteed access to financial services important for recovery, thanks to the simplification of cross-border data flows. Ukrainian enterprises will also be able to trade with Great Britain more efficiently and cheaply with the help of electronic transactions, electronic signatures and electronic contracts. It has been established that in terms of the volume of accumulated direct investments in recent years, Great Britain is the seventh largest investor in the Ukrainian economy.
Кримінальне право України. Загальна частина : практичні заняття : навчально-методичний посібник
Authors:   Національний університет ", Берш Анастасія Яківна ,   Одеська юридична академія", Кедик Вероніка Петрівна , Кузьмін Едуард Едуардович , Мирошниченко Наталія Анатоліївна , Стрельцов Євген Львович , Тавлуй Олена Вікторівна , Шостак Олена Миколаївна
Published: June 2023

Посібник охоплює всі теми, передбачені навчальним планом, із Загальної частини кримінального права. Він допоможе студентам у стислий термін за допомогою викладача та самостійно отримати знання та практичні навички, які дозволять їм правильно застосовувати кримінальний закон у правоохоронній практиці та правильно кваліфікувати кримінальні правопорушення. Призначено для студентів денної, заочної форм навчання та другої вищої освіти за спеціальністю «Право».
Türkçe Sözlük te yer alan eş gösterenli saz sözcüğüne ilişkin düzeltme önerileri
Authors: GÖKÇE Hüseyin
Published: June 2023

Yazım ve sesletimi aynı olan ancak farklı etimolojilere dayanan sözcükler eş gösterenli sözcükler olarak değerlendirilir. Birçok dilde olduğu gibi Türkçede de eş gösterenli sözcükler vardır. Türkçe Sözlük’te bu tür sözcüklerin eş gösterenli olduğunu göstermek amacıyla Romen rakamları kullanılmıştır. Türkçe Sözlük’te eş gösterenli sözcüklere yer verilmiş olsa da bazı sözcükler dikkatlerden kaçmıştır. Buna bağlı olarak bazı eş gösterenli sözcükler, çok anlamlı tek bir sözcükmüş gibi algılanmış ve sözlüğe de bu şekilde alınmıştır. Bu durum çoğu zaman sözlük kullanıcılarını yanılgıya düşürmüştür. Bazen bu tür yanılgıları düzeltmek amacıyla çoğunlukla makale düzeyinde, düzeltme ve katkı çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmada da Türkçe Sözlük’te yer alan eş gösterenli saz sözcüğü hakkında bazı düzeltme önerilerinde bulunulmuştur.
Türkçe Sözlük’te eş gösterenli, biri Türkçe biri Farsça olmak üzere iki farklı saz sözcüğü vardır. Ancak yapılan araştırmalar neticesinde saz sözcüğünün biri Farsça biri Türkçe olmak üzere iki değil, biri Farsça ikisi Türkçe olmak üzere eş gösterenli üç farklı sözcük olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Eş gösterenlilik Türkçe saz sözcüğü ile ilgili olduğu için Farsça saz sözcüğü üzerinde durulmamıştır. Öncelikle Türkçe saz sözcüğündeki eş gösterenliliğin anlaşılması amacıyla tarihî ve çağdaş Türk dillerindeki anlamları üzerinde durulmuştur. Ardından bu sözcüğün etimoloji çalışmalarındaki durumuna değinilmiştir. Sonuç bölümünde ise eş gösterenli olan bu sözcüğün Türkçe Sözlük’te nasıl yer alabileceği ile ilgili önerilere yer verilmiştir.
Políticas educativas desde el enfoque del cuidado para la inclusión de madres y padres estudiantes de la Universidad de Sonora
Authors: Gámez Grijalva Lizeth Gabriela , Valenzuela Blanca Aurelia
Published: June 2023

La siguiente reflexión emerge de una investigación en curso sobre la configuración de las trayectorias académicas de egresadas y egresados de posgrados pertenecientes al sistema nacional de posgrados (SNP) que ejercieron maternidad o paternidad durante su proceso formativo en las cuatro principales instituciones de educación superior (IES) de Sonora. Este texto pretende abonar a la discusión al proponer la pertinencia de que las políticas educativas inclusivas sean observadas desde la perspectiva de los cuidados, tomando el caso de la Universidad de Sonora ya que recientemente incluyó en su Plan de Desarrollo Institucional (2021-2025) el compromiso por crear estrategias que impacten positivamente a sus estudiantes madres y/o embarazadas, en un contexto donde la percepción del estudiantado en cuanto al avance en políticas de corresponsabilidad en esta IES es de 0.5 en una escala de 0 a 5 (ONIGIES, 2020). Se identificó que las actividades de cuidado son entendidas como cuestiones relativas a la esfera privada y por ende femeninas, lo cual tiene implicaciones para las mujeres desde el proceso de admisión. Emergen como factor determinante en la configuración de las trayectorias académicas y que posibilitó el logro escolar las redes de apoyo familiares. Las tensiones del rol madre/padre-estudiante de posgrado se vislumbran en un escenario donde escasas IES cuentan con los mecanismos institucionales que contemplen las exigencias socioculturales que se asignan al cuidado de manera diferenciada a hombres y mujeres.
Perbandingan Kantong Karbon dari 5 Jenis Tumbuhan Berkayu di Hutan Desa Dusun Manjau Kabupaten Ketapang
Authors: Novianti Regina , Rafdinal Rafdinal , Turnip Mansur
Published: June 2023

Tumbuhan berkayu berperan penting sebagai penyerap dan penyimpan karbon terbesar di hutan sehingga bisa mengurangi efek dari pemanasan global yang terjadi. Karbon yang terdapat pada tumbuhan tersimpan di setiap kantong karbon tumbuhan. Kantong karbon ini terdiri dari batang, cabang, ranting, daun dan akar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan biomassa dan simpanan karbon di setiap kantong karbon pada 5 jenis tumbuhan berkayu. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari Juli sampai Oktober 2020 di hutan desa Dusun Manjau Kabupaten Ketapang. Penentuan lokasi penelitian dengan menggunakan metode cruising atau jelajah, untuk mencari 5 jenis tumbuhan berkayu masing-masing 20 pohon yang memiliki diameter > 20 cm. Penentuan biomassa dan simpanan karbon mengacu pada metode non destructive dengan menggunakan persamaan allomatrik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan dari 5 jenis tumbuhan berkayu, tumbuhan yang paling banyak menyimpan karbon terdapat pada jenis nyatoh (Palaquium obtusifolium Burck) yaitu sebesar ±300.095,19 kg/pohon dan yang paling sedikit terdapat pada jenis mahang (Macaranga gigantea Reichb.f. & Zoll. Mull. Arg) yaitu sebesar ±25.407,87 kg/pohon. Kantong karbon yang paling banyak menyimpan karbon terdapat pada bagian batang yaitu ±650.657,38 kg/pohon dan yang paling sedikit terdapat pada bagian daun yaitu ±89,45 kg/pohon. Berdasarkan uji statistik terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan dari setiap kantong karbon.
Perilaku Makan Kuntul Kecil (Egretta garzetta) di Habitat Sungai dan Persawahan di Kabupaten Kubu Raya, Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Ibnu Riyaldi  , Junardi  , Firman Saputra
Published: June 2023

Perilaku burung dapat dijadikan bioindikator kualitas lingkungan. Perubahan habitat dan degradasi lahan merupakan ancaman terhadap kualitas lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan membandingkan perilaku mencari makan E. garzetta di habitat sungai dan persawahan di Desa Sungai Durian, Kabupaten Kubu Raya. Pengamatan menggunakan metode focal animal sampling dengan sepuluh pengulangan untuk setiap habitat mulai pukul 07.00-18.00 WIB. Variabel yang diamati adalah frekuensi, waktu dan durasi perilaku mencari makan. Data frekuensi dan durasi perilaku makan pada kedua habitat dibandingkan menggunakan uji One Way Manova. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aktivitas mencari makan tertinggi terjadi pada pagi dan sore hari. Aktivitas yang dominan adalah melangkah dan berhenti melangkah, dan aktivitas dengan frekuensi paling rendah adalah menelan mangsa. Habitat berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perilaku mencari makan, hal ini dibuktikan dengan uji One Way Manova yang menunjukkan taraf signifikan (Sig.) = 0,017 dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%.
Jenis Burung Enggang (Bucerotidae) di Desa Nanga Raun Kecamatan Kalis Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu
Authors: Ade Purwanto  , Junardi  , Riyandi
Published: June 2023

Burung Rangkong merupakan ikon hutan hujan tropis Asia yang berperan besar dalam penyebaran benih yang penting dalam menjaga kesehatan hutan hujan tropis. Burung Rangkong dilindungi oleh pemerintah Indonesia karena populasinya semakin berkurang. Penelitian burung enggang di desa Nanga Raun belum pernah dilakukan sehingga informasinya masih terbatas dan perlu dilakukan untuk mengetahui berapa jumlah burung enggang yang ada di desa Nanga Raun. Penelitian ini menemukan empat spesies rangkong di Kalimantan Barat yaitu Anorrrhinus galeritus: 10 individu, Rhinoplax vigil: 11 individu, Buceros rhinoceros: 32 individu dan Aceros undulates: 20 individu. Rhinoplax vigil yang merupakan spesies paling terancam punah seharusnya ada perhatian lebih terhadap jenis Rhinoplax vigil karena perburuan burung cukup tinggi dan diperdagangkan secara internasional. IUCN menaikkan status gading burung ini hampir terancam punah satu tingkat lagi menuju kepunahan.
Bakteri Asam Asetat yang Diisolasi dari Cuka Daging Buah Pisang Mas (Musa acuminata L.)
Authors: Ester Septiana Restila , Mukarlina Mukarlina , Universitas Tanjungpura Rahmawati
Published: June 2023

Bakteri asam asetat merupakan bakteri aerob yang bersifat gram negatif yang mampu mengoksidasi etanol menjadi asam asetat. Bakteri asam asetat biasa digunakan untuk memproduksi cuka dari bahan dasar yang mengandung glukosa seperti buah-buahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik dari genus bakteri asam asetat yang ditemukan pada cuka hasil fermentasi daging buah pisang mas (Musa acuminata L.). Isolasi dilakukan menggunakan metode cawan tuang (pour plate) dengan menggunakan media PYG (Pepton Yeast Ekstrak Glukosa). Hasil isolasi diperoleh 9 isolat bakteri asam asetat yang termasuk anggota genus Acetobacter dengan karakter morfologi yaitu koloni bulat berwarna putih, bentuk sel ellipsoidal, batang, tunggal atau rantai dan bersifat gram negatif dan karakter biokimia yaitu bersifat motil dan non-motil, katalase positif dan oksidase negatif, serta metabolisme karbohidrat secara oksidatif.
Preterm ve düşük doğum ağırlıklı bebeklerde demir eksikliği ve demir proflaksisi kullanımı
Authors: Ersoy Duygu , Koç Bilge Meral
Published: June 2023

Preterm bebekler (37. Gebelik haftasından önce doğmuş olarak tanımlanır) zamanında doğmuş term bebeklere göre daha yüksek demir eksikliği ve demir eksikliği anemisi riski altındadır. Preterm bebekler, erken doğum nedeniyle üçüncü trimesterde aktarılan demirden mahrumdur. Bu durum doğum sonrası daha düşük demir depoları ile sonuçlanır ve doğum sonrası orantısal hızlı büyüme sebebi ile demire olan ihtiyaç artar. Demir, vücudun büyüme ve gelişimi için temel bir besin olduğundan eksikliğinde gelişebilecek birçok sağlık sorunu ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Özellikle beyin üzerinde geri dönüşü olmayan bilişsel bozukluklara neden olmaktadır. Mevcut araştırmalar, demir durumunun iyileştirilmesi için aşırı demir yükü riskine rağmen takviye kullanımını desteklemektedir. Ancak kullanım dozu ve zamanı hakkında henüz bir fikir birliği sağlanamamıştır. Preterm bebekler olgunlaşmamış antioksidan sistemlere sahip olduğu için, prooksidan olan demirin aşırı alımı birçok sağlık sorununa sebep olabilmektedir. Bu sebeple aşırı demir yükünden kaçınılmalı ve dengeli bir takviye alımı sağlanmalıdır. Ayrıca preterm bebeklerin sağlıklı büyüme ve gelişim sağlayabilmesi için yeterli enerji, protein, vitamin ve mineral alımı büyük bir önem taşımaktadır. Anne sütünün içerdiği demirin biyoyararlanımı yüksek olsa da içeriğindeki demir miktarı az olduğundan, bebeğin demir durumunu iyileştirmede yetersiz kalabilmektedir. Demir takviyesi ile güçlendirilmiş anne sütü veya formül mama kullanımı da öneriler arasındadır. Bu derleme çalışmasında yenidoğan preterm bebeklerde demir eksikliği tedavisinde takviye kullanımının etkilerini değerlendirmeyi amaçladık.
Student Communication in Solving Tug of Taw Questions
Authors: Charizah Minnatin , Kamiliyah Zahirotul
Published: June 2023

Communication is a way to share ideas and information so mathematical communication becomes important to consider in the process of teaching and learning mathematics. This research is qualitative research that aims to describe mathematical communication in an interview based on the standards that have been put forward by the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM). The subjects of this study were 6th-grade elementary school students and the instruments used is a test about systems of a linear equation and also interview guidelines. The results from this study are the description of mathematical communication of the first participants is satisfied in all four of the standard communication in NCTM, which since the beginning has demonstrated high motivation in communicating mathematics. While the second participant only satisfied some standards, at the end of the interview, the second participant showed increased communication of mathematics. The second participant found a better strategy after listening to his peer’s explanation.
The Duality of Pancreatic Cancer
Authors:   , van Oosten Anne Floortje
Published: June 2023

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a devastating disease with a dismal 5-year survival of 10%. Currently, the only chance at long-term survival is surgical resection combined with chemotherapy. Approximately 30 to 40% of patients presents with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC), whereby the tumor encases major peripancreatic vasculature. Due to the vascular involvement, LAPC is deemed unresectable. However, the treatment landscape has evolved since the introduction of more potent chemotherapy regimens. In this context, high-volume centers have increasingly performed complex resections of LAPC with good short- and long-term outcomes.
Part I of this thesis elaborates on different strategies to expand resectability rates, by discussing different surgical techniques and the use of improved preoperative imaging. Moreover, part I highlights that, despite advancements in surgical care, surgery carries an inherent risk of complications. Besides discussing the local aspect of PDAC, this thesis also discusses the systemic nature of PDAC and the effect on survival and the challenges associated with this (part II). Finally, it will provide recommendations regarding the use of biomarkers in the postoperative follow-up of PDAC. Part III will delve into the clinical utility of known and novel biomarkers in detecting recurrence and guiding treatment decisions.
Influence of tangential and normal components of wind speed on the flight distance of the projectile
Authors: Tkachyck Pavlo , Velychko Lev , Voytovych Mykola , Sorokatiy Mykola
Published: June 2023

Based on the mathematical model proposed by the authors for determining the force of frontal air resistance motion of the projectile, the influence of the accompanying (oncoming) wind on its flight range is investigated.
Because the nature of the behavior of the frontal air resistance depends significantly on the speed of the projectile supersonic, subsonic or subsonic, then the functional dependence of the frontal air resistance force on
speeds are described separately for each in particular. Values of characteristic functional coefficients dependencies are determined using the results of polygon studies, which are given in the tables shooting
In the works of other authors, the magnitude of displacements of the flight range of the projectile due to the action of the companion (oncoming) wind was determined using certain dependencies. The values of correction coefficients and resistance coefficient was determined experimentally with a certain accuracy. In addition, pressure was not taken into account of wind on the side surface of the projectile and the influence of wind speed on the speed of sound in air, the latter depends on the direction of movement of the projectile in space.
The work considers the influence of the tangential and normal components of the accompanying (oncoming) wind, in relation to the projectile's trajectory, to its dynamics. The effect of wind speed is also taken into account at the speed of sound in air.
The obtained theoretical results allow us to state that the normal component of the wind is significant affects the flight range of the projectile if its trajectory is convex.
The effect of the normal component of the speed of the accompanying (oncoming) wind on the movement of the projectile is not significant, if the trajectory of the projectile is flat. However, in the case of projectile movement along a convex trajectory, its influence becomes significant Discrepancies between the tabular displacements of projectile flight distances due to the action of the companion of (oncoming) wind given in the firing tables, and displacements of projectile flight range determined at taking into account the tangential and normal components of the wind and the effect of the wind on the speed of sound in the air is essential. The obtained theoretical studies allow to automate the process of solving the straight line or inverse problems of external ballistics with arbitrary deterministic and non-deterministic values factors.
ЕВОЛЮЦІЯ АРМІЙСЬКОЇ АВІАЦІЇ США ПІСЛЯ ЗАВЕРШЕННЯ ХОЛОДНОЇ ВІЙНИ
Authors: Мельник Володимир Васильович
Published: June 2023

У статті проаналізовано особливості адаптації армійської авіації США до нових умов, яким характеризується світова воєнно-політична ситуація після завершення холодної війни. Підкреслено, що адаптація ця мала два основних аспекти – організаційний і технічний. Перший полягав у переході на модульну структуру (що пов’язувалось із загальною реорганізацією армії) як більш гнучку і пристосовану до бойових дій в сучасних умовах. Її основою стали два типи авіа­ційних бригад – бойова та експедиційна. Технічна адаптація полягала в ско­роченні номенклатури основної авіаційної техніки за рахунок списання заста­рілих взірців, повній заміні розвідувальних гелікоптерів безпілотними літальними апаратами, а також модернізації наявних машин. В підсумку на озброєнні зали­шились чотири основні типи гелікоптерів (ударні АН-64, багатоцільові UH-60 і UH-72, транспортні СН-47), а також два типи безпілотних літальних апаратів (MQ-1 і RQ-7). Гелікоптер UH-72 і обидва типи БпЛА є новими, взятими на озброєння у 2000-х роках. Інші три типи гелікоптерів, хоч і з’явились ще в часи холодної війни, але постійно модернізуються. Завдяки цьому вони адаптовані до дій у нових умовах.
ПРОТИБОРСТВО В ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОМУ ПРОСТОРІ АЗЕРБАЙДЖАНУ ТА ВІРМЕНІЇ В ПЕРІОД ДРУГОЇ ВІЙНИ У НАГІРНОМУ КАРАБАХУ
Authors: Квятковський Роман Володимирович
Published: June 2023

У статті проведено огляд результатів моніторингу інформаційного простору безпосередніх сторін конфлікту (Азербайджану та Вірменії) в мережі Інтернет в період Другої карабаської війни. Хронологічно відображено приклади поширення недостовірної інформації (фейків) в інформаційному просторі, маніпулювання інформацією, її викривлення, підміна сторонами конфлікту, проведено їх розбір та наведено матеріали щодо їх спростування.

Частково проаналізовано, як здійснювався контроль інформаційного середо­вища обома сторонами конфлікту, проводились атаки хакерів на інформаційні ресурси противника. Виокремлено складові інформаційного протистояння, визна­чено, які способи та методи інформаційно-психологічного впливу були застосовані  в період Другої війни у Нагірному Карабаху.
ПРОБЛЕМА ПРОФЕСІЙНОСТІ ТА РЕФОРМИ У ВІЙСЬКУ СТАРОДАВНЬОГО РИМУ В 1-й пол. І ст. до н.е.
Authors: Олійник Микола Андрійович , Пасічник Михайло Степанович
Published: June 2023

У статті проаналізовано стан римського війська за період від Союзницької війни до кінця 60-х років І ст. до н. е. Узагальнено перетворення в армії Риму за цей період, а також розглянуто ряд реформувань, проведених деякими воєна­чальниками, зокрема Суллою (спроба реформ у сфері вищого командування і чи вони дійсно мали місце, деякі тактичні нововведення). Детально описано соціально-етнічну складову змін у легіонах, підкреслюючи визначальну роль Союзницької війни в цих процесах. Описано зростаючу роль полководців не лише у політич­ному житті Риму, тобто втручання у державні інститути та спроби їх похитнути, а й перетворення їх у фактично незалежних від Риму діячів, які узурпували владу (Сулла) чи прагнули до неї (Катіліна). Згадано про практику вербунку, неодно­значний підхід до якого викликає і буде викликати суперечки серед дослідників. Особлива увага приділена елементам професійності в середовищі римських військових – вишколі, тривалій службі та постійній військовій практиці. Роз­глянуто деякі соціальні, етнічні, політичні проблеми римської держави у військо­вому аспекті, без яких неможливо комплексно розглянути ті зміни, які сталися у римській армії першої половини І ст. до н. е.
«АФРИКАНСЬКА» ГРУПА ПРЕДМЕТІВ ХОЛОДНОЇ ЗБРОЇ З НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО МУЗЕЮ ІМ. КОРОЛЯ ЯНА ІІІ (ПРИВАТНА ЗБІРКА ЗИГМУНТА ХАРТЛЄБА) ТА ЛЬВІВСЬКОГО ІСТОРИЧНОГО МУЗЕЮ
Authors: Прокіп Андрій Володимирович , Михальський Юрій Володимирович
Published: June 2023

У статті розглянуто певні аспекти історії формування збірок африканських предметів у Національному музеї ім. короля Яна ІІІ (до 1940 р.) та Львівському історичному музеї (далі – ЛІМ). Наголошено, що бойове мистецтво африканців ще недостатньо вивчене й потребує подальших досліджень. Зазначено, що мож­ливість для кращого розуміння, вивчення та ознайомлення з військовими тради­ціями африканців надає експозиція відділу «Музей-Арсенал», де представлені зразки африканської холодної зброї (клинкової, метальної, захисної, ударної та ін.) з колекції ЛІМ. З’ясовано, що деякі з них, можливо, походять з приватної колекції Зигмунта Хартлєба – львівського збирача предметів старовини, зброєзнавця, автора низки досліджень, присвячених історії зброї, переданих у 1930-х роках до Національного музею ім.  короля Яна ІІІ у Львові.
ВЕЛИКА ПІВНІЧНА ВІЙНА: НОВИЙ ПОГЛЯД
Authors: Ткачук Павло Петровичч , Паршин Ілля Леонтійович
Published: June 2023

Войтович Л. (2022). Велика Північна війна (1700–1721). Львів: Інститут українознавства ім. І. Крип’якевича НАН України, 370 с.
ГРОМАДСЬКА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ ВАСИЛЯ ПРОХОДИ В ЕМІГРАЦІЇ
Authors: Кравець Наталія Петрівна
Published: June 2023

У статті проаналізовано напрями громадської діяльності Василя Проходи –українського військового (підполковника Армії Української Народної Республіки),громадського діяча, інженера, історика в Чехословаччині. Охарактеризованоактивну участь в розбудові Української Господарської Академії, діяльностіАкадемічної громади, «Товариства колишніх вояків Армії УНР», товариства«Український сокіл», Аграрного товариства. Розглянуто внесок В. Проходи уформування суспільних цінностей студентського середовища Української Господарської Академії, виокремлено коло його однодумців – студентів і викладачів,серед яких – майбутні лідери національно-культурних організацій в еміграції.У дослідженні з’ясовано світоглядні пріоритети Василя Проходи, його активнуорганізаційну, просвітницьку та ідеологічну складові громадської діяльності увищеназваних товариствах.
ІДЕОЛОГІЯ – ІНФОРМАЦІЙНА СКЛАДОВА РОСІЙСЬКОЇ АГРЕСІЇ
Authors: Виздрик Віталій Степанович , Мельник Олександра Михайлівна
Published: June 2023

У статті розглянуто витоки ідеологеми «русского мира» та сучасні тенден­ції й положення цього поняття у політичній, релігійній, культурній сфері. Ідеологія «русского мира» як інформаційна складова російської агресії проти України зародилася у 1990-х роках, на початковому етапі вона мала теоретичний характер навіть утопічний, в агресивній формі проявила себе на початку ХХІ століття. Ця ідеологія має наднаціональний характер у її сферу культурної реалізації входять Україна, Білорусія (іноді Молдова та Казахстан). Вона протистоїть колективному Заходу, ідентифікує себе духовним центром, просякнута наративом про спільну історію, культуру та релігію, виступає як інструмент популяризації російської мови і культури, де особлива роль відводиться російській православній церкві.
ВІЙСЬКОВА ПЕРІОДИКА ІТАЛІЇ ПРО РОСІЙСЬКУ АГРЕСІЮ ПРОТИ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Харук Андрій Іванович , Скорич Лілія Василівна
Published: June 2023

У статті проведений історіографічний аналіз публікацій в італійських фахових військових часописах, присвячених сучасному етапу російсько-української війни (після початку повномасштабного вторгнення 24 лютого 2022 р.). Для аналізу обрано часописи «Rivista Italiana Difesa» та «Panorama Difesa» – достатньо поши­рені видання універсального спрямування, орієнтовані як на військових фахівців, так і на цивільних осіб, які цікавляться проблемами безпеки. За період з квітня до грудня 2022 р. в них опубліковано 18 статей, присвячених російсько-українській війні. Їх можна умовно поділити на кілька груп. Перша з них – це загальні оглядові статті, характерні, здебільшого, для перших місяців після початку повномасштабного вторгнення. Друга – дослідження окремих операцій російсько-української війни, як наземних (битва за Донбас, Харківська наступальна опе­рація тощо), так і повітряних та морських. Третя – роботи, присвячені застосуванню окремих родів військ і видів зброї (наприклад, артилерії, ППО, військ ТрО). Четверта – статті, які стосуються тих аспектів війни, які виходять за суто війсь­кові рамки (геостратегічних, правничих).
Cardiac Amyloidosis: A Survey of Current Awareness, Diagnostic Modalities, Treatment Practices, and Clinical Challenges Among Cardiologists in Selected Middle Eastern Countries
Authors: Mohty Dania , Nasr Samer , Ragy Hany , Farhan Hasan Ali , Fadel Bahaa , Alayary Islam , Ghoubar Marcelle
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Cardiac amyloidosis is a chronic and progressive disease caused by the deposition of amyloid fibrils in cardiac tissues. The diagnosis and management of cardiac amyloidosis are complicated and have developed over the years.

Methods: An online survey was sent to cardiologists in four countries (Saudi Arabia, Lebanon, Egypt, and Iraq) interested in heart failure and had been practicing for more than a year. The survey included questions about the characteristics of the participants and their affiliated institutes. The survey addresses their knowledge and practices in cardiac amyloidosis concerning diagnostic modalities, treatment options, and interest in education and knowledge exchange.

Results: A total of 85 physicians participated in the online survey. Twenty-five were from Saudi Arabia, 24 from Lebanon, 24 from Egypt, and 12 from Iraq. There was a variation in the participating cardiologists’ knowledge, experience level, and readiness of their affiliated institutes to manage patients with ATTR-CM. Most participants believed that high rate of ATTR-CM misdiagnosis existed. Participants’ knowledge varied concerning the diagnostic modalities and ‘red flags’ raising suspicion about ATTR-CM. Another challenge was the availability of essential diagnostic modalities among various cardiology centers. A knowledge gap was also present regarding the updates in ATTR-CM management. However, there was a high endorsement towards the need for more education, physician networking, and knowledge exchange. Discussion and

Conclusion: This survey highlighted the need for increasing awareness levels among cardiologists in the four selected Arab countries. Cardiologists are most likely to benefit from additional training and knowledge exchange on the latest management advances of this disease. Thus, measures must be taken to focus on the physician’s awareness of ATTR-CM patient journey to achieve a better quality of care and outcome.
Human polyomavirus BKPyV and JCPyV serostatus has no impact on women´s human papillomavirus infection outcome
Authors: Laine Hanna K. , Waterboer Tim , Syrjänen Kari , Grenman Seija , Louvanto Karolina , Syrjänen Stina
Published: June 2023

Introduction

Polyomaviruses have both structural and functional similarities with papillomaviruses. Accordingly, their role in human papillomavirus (HPV) associated malignancies has been studied with conflicting results. Our goal was to disclose any association between BK (BKPyV) and/or JC (JCPyV) polyomavirus serology and HPV data derived from Finnish women (327) in a 6-year prospective follow-up.

Methods

Glutathione S-transferase fusion-protein-capture (ELISA) in combination with fluorescent bead technology was used to analyze antibodies to BKPyV and JCPyV. In the longitudinal setting, BKPyV or JCPyV serostatus was related to i) oral- and ii) genital low (LR)- and high risk (HR) HPV DNA detection, iii) HPV16 persistence at both these sites, iv) results of the Pap (Papanicolaou) smear taken at baseline, and v) development of incident CIN (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia) during the follow-up.

Results

Being BKPyV or JCPyV seropositive was not significantly associated with HPV seropositivity to either LR- or HR-genotypes, genital- or oral HPV DNA positivity, persistence of genital- or oral HPV16 infection, grade of Pap smear, or development of incident CIN.

Discussion

Thus, the present study could not provide any confirmation to the concept that co-infections by HPyV and HPV have interactions that impact on the clinical manifestations or outcomes of HPV infections either in the genital tract or in the oral mucosa.