bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evidências de Informações Off Balance no Balanço Geral da União
Authors: Lima Diana Vaz de , Boente Diego Rodrigues , Barros Gabriel Lopes
Published: April 2019

Este estudo tem como objetivo identificar evidências de informações off balance no Balanço Geral da União (BGU). Para alcançar tal propósito, foram delimitados os conhecimentos acerca das demonstrações contábeis como núcleo da informação contábil, percorridos os passos observados para elaboração e apreciação do BGU pelas instituições do Governo Federal brasileiro e caracterizado o que é informação off balance. Do ponto de vista metodológico, foi aplicada a técnica da análise documental, tendo como base o Capítulo 5 do Relatório e o Parecer Prévio sobre as Contas do Governo da República, elaborado pelo Tribunal de Contas da União (TCU), relativo ao período de 2013 a 2015, dividindo o roteiro didático em três etapas: leitura flutuante, na etapa da pré-análise; desmembramento do texto por ano e por grupos de contas, na etapa da exploração do material; e apresentação de resultados, com destaque para as informações fornecidas pelas análises, na etapa final. Também foram utilizados os relatórios de Prestação de Contas do Presidente da República, elaborados pela Controladoria-Geral da União (CGU), relativos ao período de 2013 a 2015, para observar os impactos dessas informações no BGU. Os achados do estudo mostram que as informações off balance resultaram em perdas da confiabilidade e fidedignidade das informações analisadas, implicando o montante não registrado de quase R$ 1,9 trilhão em 2013, R$ 37,5 bilhões em 2014 e R$ 23,88 bilhões em 2015.
Producing rooted cassava plantlets for use in pot experiments v1
Authors: LE Imakumbili Matema
Published: April 2019

Cassava is normally propagated using stem cuttings of various sizes. Rooted plantlets are however best for pot experiments, due to the short timeframes of these experiments. Unless large pots (more than 5 L capacity) are used, cassava grown in pots is not usually grown for more than 3 – 4 months. Clear responses to nutrient supply in cassava plants cannot be obtained within such short timeframes with mature cassava stem cuttings because of the large amount of nutrient reserves contained in mature cassava stem cuttings. The nutrient reserves delay the observation of responses to soil nutrient supply (fertiliser application). Responses to other treatments are also probably delayed when mature stem cuttings are planted in pot experiments instead of young succulent, nutrient hungry rooted plantlets. This protocol describes how to produce rooted cassava plantlets or shoots for use in pot experiments. The protocol would not have been developed without guidance from Dr R.H. Howeler. The protocol is also based on a protocol he had already prepared in the Cassava Handbook (see bibliography for citation). Please also refer to it, it is available online for free.
Linguistic Interpretation of Proverbs in the Kenyang Language
Authors: Njui Mbu Martha
Published: April 2019

Much has been written in the Kenyang language as far as descriptive grammar is concern, but there is still a lot to be done concerning its vocabulary and semantic analysis. Thus, this paper aims to analyze and explain the linguistic features that the Kenyang proverbs process. It equally seeks to discuss the functions and uses of proverbs taking examples from the language in question. The findings demonstrate that the Kenyang proverbs are characterized by linguistic features such as, metaphors, ironies and ellipses. The main functions of the Kenyang proverbs are to criticize, advice, warn and to give moral lesson to the hearers. Kenyang is a language spoken in the South West region of Cameroon precisely by the people of Manyu division.
Cultural Language and Commercials: Cross-cultural Content Analysis of Commercials between Almarai` and Real California Cheese
Authors: Qtaishat Wafa Moh`d , Al-Hyari Dania Ahmad
Published: April 2019

Advertisements direct the consumers to focus on the products; it changes their mind and persuades them to buy the products which can be done by using certain lexical choices or gestures. Therefore, the researchers will compare two cultures; the Arabs culture especially the Gulf area and the Western culture especially the American culture by using five commercials of Almarai`s company that represents the Arab part with another five American commercials from Real California Cheese company “The Happy cow from California” that represents the American culture. In addition, the researchers will look at commercials which exist in the two parts of the world as “Snickers” and "Philadelphia cheese" where the reader can notice some similarities and differences between the American culture and the Arab culture. The commercials in this paper are specified in food commercials. Finally, the researchers will focus on how the language is used in the commercials and how some of the standard of textuality such as cohesion, coherent and informativity are used.
The Mapping of Thematic Roles to Grammatical Functions in Mandarin BA Construction Denoting Causation: From the Perspective of Lexical Mapping Theory
Authors: Li Fengqi
Published: April 2019

NP1 in the position of the subject of the mandarin BA construction denoting causation is usually occupied by patientlike roles and NP2 immediately following BA is usually occupied by agentlike roles. The causative relation between NP1 and NP2, with the former being the Cause, and the latter the Affectee, derives from the word BA, which triggers in the lexicon the morpholexical operation of causativization when it unites with the predicate. The operation involves either assignment of causative roles Cause and Affectee to the existent thematic roles or insertion of a new role Cause to the thematic structure, with the prominence of Cause or the thematic role assigned Cause always being over the other roles. Having undergone this morpholexical operation, the thematic structure correctly maps to and generates the grammatical functional structure according to the general principles and conditions stipulated by the Lexical Mapping Theory (LMT). The result of this research shows that even for a construction as unique as the mandarin BA construction denoting causation compared with any other languages, LMT is still well applicable in explaining its role-function mapping.
Basis of Designing Test Questions of English Language That Reflect Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs)
Authors: Hamad Mona M.
Published: April 2019

Teaching is one of the most important professions that affect different aspects of life. Brown (1994) stated that testing and teaching are different, but they are interwoven and interdependent, that it is difficult to tease them apart. Teachers teach, and then test to find out if they had achieved their course objectives. As teachers sometimes fail or find difficulties to come out with perfect test that backwash the whole process of course learning; in other words they fail to construct test that meets all intended learning outcomes (ILOs). So, this paper aims at: finding out reasons behind questions’ weakness of English Language tests, and finding solutions that can help educators write their test-questions in scientific pedagogical way, that tests all course content, and reflects (ILOs). The researcher used the descriptive analytical method, a teachers’ questionnaire is used as instrument to collect data, and 10 tests’ questions were analyzed to tackle reasons behind questions’ weakness. Participants of this study are 22 instructors from College of Science & Arts, Muhayil “KKU” Finding indicated reasons behind questions’ weakness of English Language tests are the inadequate way of designing tests, as a result of ignorance of the basics of test questions criteria and lacking knowledge of how to use Bloom Taxonomy and (TOS). Instructors need training about how to use Bloom Taxonomy and Table of Specification in designing Tests’ Questions of English Language in a pedagogical way.
A RELIGIÃO E SUA RELAÇÃO COM A CONSTITUIÇÃO DE IDENTIDADES HOMOSSEXUAIS
Authors: Cecchin Andréa Forgiarini
Published: April 2019

A partir de uma pesquisa que procurou verificar a relação entre as vivências em espaços educativos formais e informais e a constituição de identidades homossexuais de homens adultos (CECHIN, 2006), a religião surge como um elemento importante para análise deste fenômeno. Este estudo apoia-se teoricamente nas contribuições da Psicologia Social Crítica (CIAMPA, 2001; JACQUES, 1998) e nos estudos de Trevisan (2000), Green (2000), Nunan (2003; 2007) e Santos (1997). A abordagem metodológica utilizada foi a Análise Compreensiva de Base Fenomenológica (BERNARDES, 1989, CECHIN, 2006). Foram entrevistados oito sujeitos que se autodeclaravam homossexuais. A seleção dos mesmos se deu a partir da técnica snow ball sampling. Como ponto de partida para desenvolver o estudo, foram formuladas questões que focalizavam percepções e sentimentos desses homens adultos em relação a si próprios e aos outros, tendo em vista suas vivências nesses espaços educativos e, especialmente, suas experiências de discriminação e resistência. A religiosidade apresentou-se como uma das temáticas emergentes deste estudo: as igrejas e os cultos religiosos foram espaços educativos informais que se mostraram ricos para análise. Os sujeitos que tiveram uma rigorosa formação religiosa corroboraram a suposição de que homens homossexuais que cresceram em ambientes nos quais a religião tem presença marcante tendem a internalizar, mais intensamente, valores negativos em relação à sua orientação afetivo-sexual. A convivência, desde a infância, com representações implícitas e explícitas de oposição à homossexualidade, afeta a autoestima e a aceitação de si dessas pessoas torna-se conflituosa.
Valved and Non-Valved Drainage Systems in the Surgical Treatment of Refractory Glaucoma
Authors: Karlova E. V. , Radaykina M. V.
Published: April 2019

Purpose: to compare the efficacy and safety of Ahmed and Molteno-3 drainage devices implantation in the surgical treatment of refractory glaucoma. Patients and methods. Two groups of refractory glaucoma patients underwent surgery. In the first group (48 patients, 48 eyes) drainage device Molteno-3 with a site size of 175 mm2 was implanted. The average IOP in the group before surgery was 31.9 ± 7.7 mm Hg. The average number of glaucoma medications was 3.3 ± 0,44. In the second group (51 patients, 51 eyes) implantation of Ahmed Valve FP7 model was performed. The average level of IOP in the group before surgery was 34.7 ± 8.07 mm Hg. The average number of glaucoma medications was 3.08 ± 0.4. Results. In the first group the average intraocular pressure level 1 month post-op was 14.6 ± 6.1 mm Hg, 3 months post-op 18.8 ± 5.2 mm Hg, 6 months post-op 16.5 ± 4.7 mm Hg. IOP сompensation (≤ 21 mm Hg) in 6 months was achieved in 91.6 % of cases and in 1 year in 100 % of cases. The total success was achieved only in 8.3 % of patients. However, the number of glaucoma medications was reduced to 1.6 ± 0.8. In the second group the average IOP level 1 month post-op was 21.25 ± 7.3 mm Hg, 3 months post-op 17.9 ± 5.3 mm Hg, 6 months post-op 15.7 ± 4.1 mm Hg. IOP сompensation in 6 months was achieved in 82.4 % of cases and in 1 year in 86.3 %. In the second group complete success was achieved in 19.6 % of patients. The number of glaucoma medications was 1.4 ± 1.1. In the first group complications were revealed in 22.9 % of cases (11 patients). Ciliochoroid detachment was revealed in 9 patients (18,8 %) and hyphema in 2 patients (4,2 %). In the second group complications were revealed in 19.6 % of cases (10 patients). Сiliochoroid detachment was revealed in 4 patients (7.8 %), diplopia in 5 patients (9.8 %), hyphema was detected in one case (1.9 %). In the first group IOP compensation (≤21 mm Hg) was achieved after 6 months in 91.6 % of cases and after 1 year in 100 % of cases. The complete success was achieved in only 8.3 %. In the second group, IOP compensation in 6 months was achieved in 82.4 % of cases and 86.3 % — in 1 year. In the second group, complete success was achieved in 19.6 % patients. There was no significant difference in complications between two groups. Conclusion. High level of safety and effectiveness of refractory glaucoma surgical treatment with implantation of Molteno-3 and Ahmed drains was confirmed.
The First Experience of Using a Femtosecond Laser in Pterygium Surgery
Authors: Kazakbaev R. A.
Published: April 2019

Objective: to evaluate the functional results of the surgical treatment of pterygium using a femtosecond laser. Рatients and methods. The study included 115 patients (141 eyes) with a diagnosis of primary and recurrent stage I–III pterygium, of which 17 (19 eyes, 10.6%) had a relapse of the disease. The patients’ age was in average 54 ± 6 years, among them men and women — 56 and 44 % respectively. The same surgeon operated all patients with a femtosecond laser and fibrin glue. Results. The technique is simple to perform, the separation of the autograft from its own conjunctiva does not cause difficulties due to an accurate cut of the femtosecond laser, which helps to obtain optimal functional results in the long-term period. The size of an autograft manufactured using a femtosecond laser averaged 6 × 7 ± 1.0 mm. The edges of the graft in all cases were smooth, its thickness was the same over the entire area and amounted to 80 ± 15 μm, which facilitated the work with it and subsequent fixation. The graft was fixed using fibrin glue, the advantage of which is its hypoallergenicity, the absence of discomfort in patients and the simplicity of its use by the surgeon. Glue resorption is completed from 2 weeks to 1 month. Intra and postoperative complications were not observed in any case. The offset of autograft in the early postoperative period was also not observed in any case. Conclusion. The use of a femtosecond laser in primary and recurrent pterygium I-III surgery allows the formation of an autograft of the required thickness and size with minimal damage to the conjunctival vessels and the absence of scarring of the bulbar conjunctiva in the area of the material intake. The use of fibrin glue for fixing the autograft promotes rapid healing. The absence of relapses during the observation period and obtaining optimal functional results indicate the promise of using femtolaser technologies in pterygium surgery.
Professor Victor P. Odintsov is the Founder and the First Director of Ufa Eye Research Institute Bashkir State University
Authors: Galimova Yu. Sh.
Published: April 2019

Professor V. Odintsov is a surgeon, researcher, teacher and organizer who made an enormous contribution to the development of country and world ophthalmology. In 1925, V. Odintsov was invited to Ufa for the management of Eye Infirmary and became the founder of the Bashkir Trachomatous Research Institute which was the centre of elimination trachoma in the republic. The development of the ophthalmology in the republic of Bashkortostan is connected with his name.
Maculopathy Development Mechanism in Choroid Tumor Localization Outside the Foveolar Zone
Authors: Brovkina A. F. , Stoyukhina A. S. , Budzinskaya M. V. , Musatkina I. V.
Published: April 2019

The term “distant maculopathy” (DM) means the changes in the macular region, when the tumor is located at the distant from it. Purpоse: to study the peculiarities of the DM development, according to the tumor localization and present a possible mechanism of this symptom development. Patients and Methods. The study involved 53 patients with choroidal tumors localized outside the macular area, including 18 patients with neuroepithelial detachment (NED) in the macular area. In addition to the standard eye examination, all patients underwent EDI OCT. Results. In 1/3 cases of extrafoveolar located choroidal tumors according to OCT, exudative changes in the macular zone were revealed. In extrafoveral choroidal melanoma (CM), the biometric tumor parameters in patients with DM were slightly higher than the average in patients of this group, however, there was no correlation between the height of NED and tumor parameters. In extrafoveolar choroidal hemangioma (CH), a significant direct relationship between the height of the NED in the foveolar zone and the biometric parameters of the CH was found. In all cases, there was not choroidal elevation in the foveolar zone. The thickness and structure of the choroid in the subfoveolar zone in CM did not differ from the paired eye and the normal values. The thickness of the choroid in CH also did not differ from the paired eye, however, there was a slight expansion of the outer layers of the choroid (as in the paired eye) and an increase in its thickness compared with the norm. When a tumor is located above the macular zone, there is a “gravitational” mechanism for the development of DM, due to the spread of subretinal fluid (or blood) under the action of gravity. In case of juxtapapillar tumor localization, the appearance of DM is caused by microvascular disorders in the foveo-macular region of the retina and impaired axoplasmic current. In CM, the occurrence of NED may be associated with a retinal tension on the steeper side of the tumor. Conclusion. The development of distant maculopathy in CM is a sign of “active” tumor growth, in CH it develops later and depends on the size of the tumor. In identifying a high prevalent NED in the macular area, a careful examination of not only the central fundus zone, but also its peripheral parts is necessary.
Comparative Analysis of Double and Trifocal IOL Implantation in Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Cataract Surgery
Authors: Orenburkina O. I.
Published: April 2019

Purpose: to compare the clinical results of implantations of bi-and trifocal intraocular lenses (IOL) in femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery. Patients and methods. The article presents the results of the Acrysof IQ Panoptix trifocal lens implantations in 84 patients (112 eyes) — the main group and Acrysof IQ Restor bifocal IOL implantations in 52 patients (98 eyes) — the control group. All patients underwent femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS). The following data were evaluated: uncorrected distance visual acuity (UCDVA) , uncorrected near visual acuity (30–45 cm) and at an average distance (50–70 cm) at discharge, after 14 days, 1 and 3 months after the surgery under photopic and mesopic lighting conditions. Postoperative refractometry data; the defocusing curve was performed in patients with a high UCDVA (0.9–1.0) monocularly under photopic conditions using standard optotypes 14 days after surgery; aberrometry indicators. Results. It was shown that both lenses provided high uncorrected distance and near visual acuity in photopic lighting conditions. At the same time, the Acrysof IQ Panoptix lens provided significantly better visual acuity at an intermediate distance and was more resistant to defocusing conditions. Refraction data: after 1 month, emmetropia was observed in 87 % of patients in the main group and in 85 % of control group, after 6 months — 92 and 89 % respectively. There were no significant differences in high order aberrations and total aberrations between patients of the compared groups. Conclusion. The use of the PanOptix trifocal lens made it possible to obtain maximum visual acuity at different distances, regardless of the level of illumination.
End stage renal disease patients on haemodialysis profiled epidemiologically at medical college of sub-Himalayan region of India
Authors: Gupta Pankaj Kumar , Kumar Dinesh
Published: April 2019

Background: Mostly, end organ damage becomes the reason for morbidity and mortality among patients with non-communicable diseases (NCDs) due their chronicity. Derangement of renal function along with brain and heart damage are considered to be a significant problem of NCDs. The objectives of this study were on this background of end stage renal disease (ESRD) as a common complication for common NCDs, present study was planned to study the distribution of responsible NCDs.Methods: Over three-year period, all the cases reported GFR <15ml/min/1.73m2 were studied.Results: Total 100 patients (male:65) were studied with mean age of 51.0±13.0 years. Diabetes mellitus (38.0%), hypertension (28.0%), and glomerulonephritis (16.0%) were three leading cause for ESRD. Idiopathic cause was observed among 12.0% patients. Fifteen percent patients could not survive.Conclusions: NCDs mainly diabetes mellitus and hypertension observed to be most common cause for ESRD.
Association of the atherosclerosis, small vessel disease, cardioembolism, other causes with the executive function of the montreal cognitive assessment Indonesia in patients with post ischemic stroke
Authors: Hastani Dwi Retno , Rambe Aldy S. , Iqbal Kiki M.
Published: April 2019

Background: ASCO Phenotype classification is a new classification of stroke based on phenotypic system. ASCO classification can evaluate the etiology of ischemic stroke comprehensively to characterize patients using different grade of evidence for the subtype of ischemic stroke. ASCO classification can predict post ischemic stroke cognitive decline. This Study purpose to evaluate the association between ASCO classification with the executive function in post ischemic stroke patients.Methods: This cross sectional study followed by 28 post ischemic stroke patients (men 16, women 12) over 3 months. Mean age 52.82±8.66. Cognitive function was assessed by Montreal Cognitive Assessment Indonesia (MoCA INA).Results: There were 17 patients with grade 1 atherosclerosis (ASCO A1), ten patients with grade 1 small vessel disease (ASCO S1), one patient with grade 1 cardioembolism (ASCO C1) in post ischemic stroke. Grade 1 atherosclerosis (ASCO A1) was significantly associated with executive function decline (p=0.002), naming decline (p=0.05), abstraction decline (p=0.001), memory decline (p=0.002) and orientation decline (p=0.016)). Grade 1 small vessel disease (ASCO S1) was significantly associated with executive function decline (p=0.001) and memory decline (p = 0.001) and abstraction (p=0.001). Grade 1 cardioembolism 1 (ASCO C1) was not significantly associated with cognitive decline.Conclusions: There was significant association between ASCO classification with the executive function of Montreal Cognitive Assestment Indonesia (MoCA INA) in post ischemic stroke patients.
Knowledge regarding prevention of hypothermia in newborns among mothers in Northern India
Authors: Qazi Mahvish , Saqib Najmus , Raina Rohit
Published: April 2019

Background: Neonatal hypothermia is increasingly recognized as a risk factor for newborn survival. World Health Organization (WHO) recommends maintaining a warm chain and skin-to-skin care for thermo-protection of newborn children. Since little is known about practices related to newborn hypothermia, this study’s goal was to assess the knowledge of mothers of newborns especially LBW babies on prevention of hypothermia and to provide them the knowledge of cost-effective thermal protection measures.Methods: It was a cross-sectional study using pre-tested, pre-structured questionnaire. 108 postnatal mothers having LBW babies admitted in postnatal wards of Government Medical College, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India were included in the study and analysed using SPSS version 20.Results: Out of 108 mothers, maximum mothers were of age less than 25 years (51%), 60% were from rural area, residing in nuclear family were 62%. Mothers attended hospital for confinement were 95% and 85% started breast feeding their babies. 45% had knowledge of keeping the baby warm by immediately wiping the baby and only 3% mothers had knowledge of Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC).Conclusions: Understanding and addressing community-based practices on hypothermia, prevention and management might help to improve newborn survival in resource-limited settings. Possible interventions include the implementation of skin-to-skin care in rural areas and the use of appropriate, low-cost newborn warmers to prevent hypothermia and support families in their provision of newborn thermal protection. Training family members to support mothers in the provision of thermo-protection for their newborns could facilitate these practices. Those who fail to fully attend antenatal clinics should be targeted for newborn care education.
Review of code blue system and audit
Authors: Patil Vishwanath C. , Shah Jignesh N. , Jedge Prashant P. , Patil Sanjivani V.
Published: April 2019

Background: Code Blue systems are communication systems that ensure the most rapid and effective resuscitation of a patient in respiratory or cardiac arrest. Code blue was established in Bharati Hospital and Research Centre in Sept 2011 in order to reduce morbidity and mortality in wards. The aim of the study was to evaluate the current code blue system and suggest possible interventions to strengthen the system.Methods: It was retrospective observational descriptive study. The study population included all consecutive patients above the age of 18 years for whom code blue had been activated. Data was collected using code blue audit forms. The data was analysed using SPSS (Statistical Package for social sciences) software.Results: A total of 260 calls were made using the blue code system between September 2011 to December 2012. The most common place for blue code activation was casualty. The wards were next, followed by dialysis unit and OPD. The indications for code blue team activation were cardio-respiratory arrest (CRA) (88 patients, 33.84%), change in mental status (52 patients, 20%), road traffic accidents RTA (21, 8.07%), convulsions (29 patients 11.15%), chest pain (19 patients, 8.46%), breathlessness (18 patients,6.92%) and worry of staff about the patient (17 patients, 6.53%), presyncope (10 patients, 3.84%), and others (6 patients, 2.30%). The average response time was 1.58±0.96 minutes in our study. Survival rate was more in medical emergency group 46.15% than in CRA group 31.61%. Initial success rate was 35.2% and a final success rate was 34.6%.Conclusions: Establishment of code blue team in the hospital enabled us to provide timely resuscitation for patients who had “out of ICU” CRA. Further study is needed to establish the overall effectiveness and the optimal implementation of code blue teams. The increasing use of an existing service to review patients meeting blue code criteria requires repeated education and a periodic assessment of site-specific obstacles to utilization.
Effectiveness of mirror therapy through functional activities and motor standards in the motor recovery in post stroke hemiplegic patients: a prospective randomized controlled trial in a tertiary care hospital in Northeast India
Authors: Yumnam Ningthemba , Akoijam Joy Singh , Oinam Joymati
Published: April 2019

Background: Upper limbs are very important to motor functionality. However, in majority of stroke patients, arm functions are impaired resulting in disabilities and restrictions to function. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of mirror therapy in the motor recovery of upper extremity in the post stroke hemiplegic patient.Methods: A prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted among 72 post stroke patients aged 35-65 years having hemipa­resis attending the PMR OPD in RIMS, Manipur from 2013 to 2016. Assessment was done for FIM self care and Brunnstrom stages of motor recovery at baseline and 1 month and 6 month of post treatment. Both the study and control group participated in a stroke rehabilitation programme and study group was given mirror therapy in addition. Descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation and inferential statistics like Chi-square test, Student’s t test, and ANOVA were used. A p-value <0.05 was taken as statistically significant.Results: Mean age were 54.56±7.61 years (study) and 55.11±7.99 years (control). Majority of them were males (61.1%). Significant improvement was noted in the study group from baseline to 1 month and 6 months follow up. Mean score comparison of FIM self care between study and control group from baseline to 1 month was (28.28±3.11 to 34.11±2.59 vs 28.00±4.30 to 29.50±4.58) and from 1 to 6 months follow up was (34.11±2.59 to 37.83±2.04 vs 29.50±4.58 to 32.44±4.82) respectively.Conclusions: There was a significant improvement in hand function regarding both motor recovery and daily self care activities in the study group.
Extra medullary multiple myeloma of knees: a case report
Authors: Bhalerao Sagar , Adhav Aditya , Nagarkar Rajnish
Published: April 2019

Multiple myeloma is defined as an incurable, complex, and rare malignant disease of the plasma cells. Multiple myeloma is characterized by uninhibited proliferation of clonal plasma cells. Extramedullary disease is characterized by the presence of clonal plasma cell infiltrate adjacent to soft tissues or distant from the bone marrow in patients with underlying MM. Survival of patients with MM is low. A 65-year-old female reports to the outpatient clinics with pain in the left lower limb for over 2 months. The patient had loss of range of motion. True-cut biopsy revealed multiple myeloma of synovial sarcoma. Extramedullary disease is considered as an uncommon manifestation of multiple myeloma. It is either a newly diagnosed disease or evolves with repeated relapses. There is no clear data on the incidence of extramedullary disease. Since there is a no standard treatment for extramedullary disease, its prognosis remains poor.
Functional outcome of elbow joint in AO type 13C fractures treated with open reduction and internal fixation using dual plates
Authors: Sreedhar Reddy Uyyalawada , Samorekar Bheemsingh , Mathew Vinay J. , Mettu Anil Kumar
Published: April 2019

Background: Distal end of the humerus, with its unique orientation of articular surfaces supported by a meagre amount of cancellous bone, makes its fracture a constant challenge to orthopaedic surgeons. Aim of the study is to evaluate the functional outcome of surgical management of intercondylar AO type C fractures of distal end of humerus using dual plating.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted at our hospital between January 2015 to December 2016. Thirty five consecutive patients with intercondylar (AO Type C) fracture of distal humerus, included in study as per inclusion criteria. All patients were treated surgically using triceps reflecting approach and posterior trans-olecranon approach with ulnar nerve exploration and fixation using dual plating and tension band wiring for olecranon osteotomy wherever done.

Results: In 35 patients, final results using MEPS scoring system excellent outcome is noticed in 15 patients (42.86%), good results is noticed in 13 patients (37.14%), fair result is noticed in 5 patients (14.29%) and poor result is noticed in 2 patients (5.71%). There was statistical significant difference in flexion range of movement arc at 2 and 6 months in our study.

Conclusions: Open reduction and internal fixation of AO type 13C fractures is challenge to surgeon, preoperative planning and mastering the technique over a period of time gives good to excellent functional outcomes.

 
PUVAsol therapy in the management of vitiligo: outcome in a dermatology clinic in South-West Nigeria
Authors: Echekwube Patrick O. , Olasode Olayinka A. , Onayemi Emmanuel O.
Published: April 2019

Background: Vitiligo is a depigmentary dermatosis which currently has no cure but there are different treatment options available to treat affected patients with varying results. The aim of the study was to ascertain the effect of PUVAsol therapy offered to adult patients with vitiligo at a tertiary hospital in Nigeria.

Methods: All consecutive adult patients with vitiligo who presented at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals complex, Ile-lfe and gave consent were recruited for the study which was for a period of 6 months. Patients with limited disease were treated with topical PUVAsol and those with extensive disease were treated with oral PUVAsol. The outcome of therapy for the patients was classified into three categories as follows: progressed (P), stable (S) and repigmented (R). The repigmented group was further sub-classified into fair (R1) and good (R2) representing ≤50% and >50% repigmentation of areas affected respectively.

Results: After 6 months of therapy, most of the patients (92%) had repigmentation of their lesions while the remaining had either stable lesions (6%) or progression of their lesions (2%). Amongst the patients whose lesions got repigmented, 96% of them had repigmentation in less than half of the areas affected by vitiligo which was a fair outcome.

Conclusions: PUVAsol is a treatment modality for vitiligo with some repigmentation of lesions following therapy for 6 months. PUVAsol therapy could be recommended in resource poor settings because of its low cost and availability in most parts of Nigeria.
ІННОВАЦІЙНО-ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНИЙ РОЗВИТОК ПРОМИСЛОВОСТІ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Babenko K. , Iarmosh O. , Malykhina Y. , Fedorova Y.
Published: April 2019

Сучасні дослідження технологічного розвитку України свідчать про подальший розвиток вітчизняної економіки в руслі експортно-сировинної моделі, спостерігається переривання технологічного ланцюжка у циклі металургійно-машинобудівного виробництва, що призводить до неефективного використання сировинного запасу країни. Збільшення виробництва, що засновано на природних ресурсах, веде до спадаючої віддачі і тому до збіднення країни в цілому. Історична та сучасна світова практика доводить, що країна може вирішити проблеми економічної відсталості лише шляхом індустріалізації та захисту нових виробництв. Розвиток виробництв більш високих технологічних укладів неможливий без підтримки держави. Відправними точками інноваційного та інвестиційного зростання в Україні можуть стати об’єднання з вертикальною інтеграцією.  Сучасний глобальний економічний простір побудовано на інтеграційних структурах. Для України найбільшими інтеграційними структурами з максимальним синергетичним ефектом можуть бути оновлені промислово-фінансові групи, учасниками яких будуть пов'язані технологічними ланцюжками промислові підприємства та банківські структури.Виходячи зі специфіки вітчизняної економіки, яка спирається на металургійний комплекс, вважаємо за доцільне перехід до збільшення виробництва металоємкої машинобудівної продукції. Зосередження на розвитку внутрішнього ринку шляхом інвестиційної підтримки машинобудівної галузі означає для України унікальну можливість надати економіці системність, збалансованість, синергію та соціально орієнтований характер. Продовження базових технологічних ланцюжків шляхом активного залучення машинобудівних підприємств до промислово-фінансових груп з металургійним виробництвом за підтримки банків-учасників дозволить отримувати економічні ефекти на макро- та мікрорівнях, а такі групи визначати як "точки зростання" інноваційного та інвестиційного піднесення в країні. Досліджено складові синергетичного ефекту, а саме комутаційний, операційний, управлінський, інвестиційний та інноваційний синергетичні ефекти, що мають місце у промислово-фінансових групах з  вертикальною інтеграцією.
MANAGEMENT OF COMPETITIVENESS OF THE BANKING SERVICES
Authors: Fedyshyn M. F. , Abramova A. S. , Zhavoronok A. V. , Marych M. G.
Published: April 2019

In particular, the process of adapting commercial banks to rapidly changing macro- and micro-conditions is of particular importance in the context of the economic and banking sector crisis phenomena, which in turn affects the quality and, accordingly, competitiveness of banking services.Increasing the competitiveness of banking services of Ukrainian banks and ensuring the competitiveness of the domestic banking system is a prerequisite for ensuring sustainable economic growth. In view of this, the authors updated the issues of assessing the competitiveness of banking services offered in the market, using methods of economic and mathematical modeling. In assessing the competitiveness of banking services, research methods such as analysis and synthesis, the method of comparison, economic-statistical, mathematical, grouping and modeling, table and graphic are used.The work also used the modification of the Saati method as a hierarchy analysis method from the point of view of replacing the Saati estimates in the matrix of pairwise comparisons based on the numerical relations of the corresponding characteristics of the model's factors.Thus, the competitiveness of the banking service «Credit»ofJSC Oschadbank, PJSC CB «Privatbank», JSC «Raiffeisen Bank Aval», JSC «Kredobank», JSC «Alfabank»and PJSC CB «Taskombank»on the basis of its economic and consumer properties.The approach proposed by the authors to assess the competitiveness of banking and banking services, allows positioning services of a competitive bank in the financial market. For each commercial bank it is possible to determine the position and establish the competitive advantages of banking services in comparison with similar services of other commercial banks.Using the proposed model provides an opportunity to assess the competitiveness of the banking institution in terms of the competitiveness of banking services and should become a complete and informative information tool for managing the competitive advantages of domestic commercial banks.
FEATURES OF REGULATORY IDENTIFICATION OF FINANCIAL COMPANIES AS FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES
Authors: Naumenkova S. V. , Mishchenko S. V. , Mishchenko V. I.
Published: April 2019

In recent years,Ukrainehas witnessed a rapid increase in the number and intensification of financial companies' activities in the financial services market, which is increasing the attention to this type of financial intermediaries. The generalization of historical experience suggests that financial companies in various forms began to operate in foreign countries from the 1960s, but they have become the most widespread in theUnited States. On the basis of the Federal Reserve System data processing for the period of 2005 - 2017, results were obtained that characterize the peculiarities of the activities of financial companies in such segments of the financial services market as consumer lending, car loans, auto leasing. The main criteria for identifying financial companies in theUnited Statesare requirements for the structure of assets, which provides a clearer definition of the use of regulatory measures and restricts the competition between financial intermediaries.The study concluded that in Ukraine the criteria for identifying financial companies need to be clarified in terms of specifying regulatory requirements, limiting the risks associated with financial assets in the provision of financial services, as well as preventing possible loss of capital and timely fulfillment  obligations to customers. The cooperation of financial companies with banks and other non-bank financial intermediaries, such as lenders and credit brokers, working in the consumer lending service segment needs regulatory clearance. The emphasis is placed on the need for harmonization of Ukrainian legislation in accordance with international practice in order to stimulate the further development of the financial intermediary institution in Ukraine.
SCIENTIFIC APPROACH TO A COMPLEX ASSESSMENT OF DETERMINANTS OF THE INSURANCE MARKET DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE
Authors: Popova L. V. , Kovalchuk N. O. , Polagnyn D. D.
Published: April 2019

Variability of economic and political conditions in Ukraine put forward new requirements for assessing the development of the insurance market, the state of which has a significant impact on the activities of economic relations and the state as a whole. Building an adequate model for assessing the insurance market and its practical use may affect the timely adoption of managerial decisions and the development of measures to improve the insurance market functioning. This is confirmed by a large number of scientific studies in the economic literature on the analytical component of the insurance market management, as well as the fact that a timely and objective comprehensive analysis is an integral part of the adoption of effective managerial decisions.In view of this, trends of the insurance market in Ukraine in difficult geopolitical and economic conditions, which are characterized by the influence of variables of the unstable economic environment, are outlined. Linear multifactorial models, which give an opportunity to assess the influence of factors on the dynamics of changes in the volume of insurance premiums and insurance payments in the market, are constructed. An estimation of the influence of each of the selected factors is carried out and based on the conducted factor analysis, a significant impact on their volume of indicators of the number of insurance companies, GDP per capita and exchange rate, is performed. Alongside with this, trend lines are constructed and forecast values of gross insurance premiums and payments are determined. Based on the conducted analysis, ways of activating the development of the market as an important subject of the country's financial and credit system are proposed.Another significant result of the research is the formation of an indicative model-scheme of the comprehensive assessment of the determinants of the insurance market development. The developed model contains a clear list and sequence of stages of the insurance market analysis and a specific methodology for assessing the impact of key factors, characteristic for changing conditions of management, on the efficiency of its functioning. Practical application allows to take into consideration the influence of individual determinants of the insurance market development on its condition, to increase the efficiency of managerial decisions in this area.
USE OF THE METHOD OF THE ANALYSIS OF BENEFITS AND COSTS FOR DECISION MAKING ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENTERPRISE FINANCIAL RELATIONS WITH GROUPS OF ECONOMIC INFLUENCE (STAKEHOLDERS)
Authors: Partyn H. O. , Zahorodniy A. H.
Published: April 2019

The expediency of using the method of analysis of benefits and costs for the evaluation of the effectiveness of the development of enterprise financial relations with groups of economic influence (stakeholders) is substantiated. This method is a method of making administrative decisions which is used under the condition of complex alternatives or when the information on the entity's operating environment is not entirely clear. The method is based on the concept of rational choice according to which individuals choose an alternative that involves exceeding benefits over costs. The main stages of carrying out such analysis in the process of implementation of measures (projects) of the enterprise cooperation with stakeholders are distinguished. The following stages are: formation of goals and objectives of the analysis of benefits and costs for the assessment of the relations between the company and stakeholders; identification of possible solutions to problems, arrangement them by time, capacity and components; determination of the composition of factors the change of which must be taken into account during the analysis; determination of the volumes of benefits and expenses and their reduction to comparable meters; calculation of the total determinated value of the present value of the net benefit from realization of measures for the development of relations with stakeholders and analysis of its sensitivity to the requirements of individual factors; analysis of the risks of implementation actions; making a final decision on the implementation of measures or projects during the investment horizon. Such an analysis requires careful selection of factors (parameters) for assessing changes in the activity of the enterprise from its cooperation with stakeholders, building a model of incremental effects of benefits and time costs and calculating the volumes of current value of net profit of an enterprise. The method of calculation of incremental effects on the change in benefits and costs volume due to the changes in enterprise activity parameters as well as determination of the amount of the current value of enterprise net benefits from the implementation of measures aimed at improving relationship with a certain group of stakeholders, taking into account alternative options of investing limited financial resources is offered. The need to assess probabilities of the deviation of the values of the analyzed parameters from the basic level in the process of identifying the risks of the projects of the development of enterprise relations with stakeholders is emphasized.
STUDY OF EFFICIENCY OF OIL REMOVAL OF WATER PRODUCED (PETROBRAS RN/CE) USING ADSORVENT MATERIALS
Authors: De Sá Isamar Alves , Costa Ana Leticia Silva , Fernandes Santos Emannuel Messias , De Oliveira Ana Karla Costa
Published: April 2019

The management of water produced with oil (PW) is a major challenge for oil companies due to high volume generation and chemical complexity. It is necessary to treat it in order to minimize harmful effects to the environment through an appropriate treatment, allowing its reuse and, consequently, causing the least possible damage to the processes in which it will be used. The samples of contaminated water passed through three adsorbents: activated carbon (1.18mm), beach sand (2mm) and coconut shell in natura. The objective of this article is to compare the efficiency of the adsorption process in water contaminated with oil. The results showed the following efficiencies: 82% in the removal of turbidity when using the active charcoal, 95.90% in the removal of turbidity when using the sand of the beach and 38.38% in the removal of turbidity when using the coconut shell in natura.
Applying Language Learning Strategies in the Foreign Language Listening Comprehension: A Study of Islamic Senior High School Students
Authors: PERTIWI DIAN
Published: April 2019

The main purpose of the present study was to empirically investigate the possible correlation and the influence between students’ language learning strategies and listening comprehension. The population of this study was 138 eleventh grade students of Islamic Senior High School number 2 Palembang. The sample was all of eleventh grade students in social class. The total number of the student was 138. Since 16 students were absent, so the sample consisted of 122 students. To collect the data in order to measure the students’ language learning strategies and listening comprehension, SILL (strategy inventory in learning language) and listening comprehension test from TOEFL Junior test were used in this study. The Pearson correlation was used in analyzing the data using SPSS 16. The result from questionnaire showed that most of the students used metacognitive strategies were in medium level and sometimes used language learning strategies. The result from listening comprehension test showed that most of the students were in very poor level. Furthermore, there was no significant correlation between the two variables that can be seen from the correlation coefficient or r-obtained (-.011) was lower than r-table (0.1779) then the level of probability or sig. value (.902) was higher than .05. From the result, it can be concluded that there was no significant correlation between language learning strategies and listening comprehension of eleventh grade students of Islamic Senior High School number 2 Palembang.