bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inspección y discordancias estructurales en las corralas de entramado de madera en Madrid: legislación vs. ‘malicia’
Authors: González-Redondo Esperanza
Published: March 2023

Las corralas de entramado de madera en Madrid tienen dos cuerpos diferenciables, uno frontal y otro trasero con pequeñas viviendas, galerías alrededor de un patio interior y letrinas compartidas. El estudio de proyectos inéditos, la inspección in situ y el levantamiento planimétrico de casos singulares revelan su origen, transformación, conservación y demolición. Se analizan numerosas fachadas conservadas intactas; casas a la malicia transformadas en casas-patio colectivas; y corralas con plantas añadidas. Su datación y clasificación en casos homogéneos y discontinuos con varias escaleras, desniveles y muros desiguales justifica las discordancias estructurales. En las fachadas antiguas, anteriores a 1788, se describen las secciones utilizadas antes de incrementar su altura, manteniendo el sistema original de albañilería o doble hoja entramada. En las premodernas (1788-1847) y modernas (1847-1892) se comprueba la prohibición de las fachadas entramadas, las incipientes reglas de dimensionado y una persistente y descontrolada edificación en crujías traseras y patios escondidos.
Le modèle manzonien dans la digression sur les Statuts du Frioul des Confessions d’un Italien d’Ippolito Nievo
Authors: Carini Michele
Published: March 2023

À travers une étude comparée des digressions historiques présentes dans les premiers chapitres des Fiancés et des Confessions d’un Italien, cette contribution interroge le topos critique de l’influence manzonienne sur Nievo. La logique de la composition, le rapport avec les sources et les mécanismes ironiques des pages manzoniennes inspirent Nievo, qui en revanche élabore une digression plus large et plus variée, inscrite dans une contrainte narrative plus stricte – la narration à la première personne de Carlo Altoviti – et connotée par des tonalités humoristiques, révélant une autre conception de l’histoire et de la possibilité d’intervention de l’être humain.
Idées socialistes et histoire sociale dans Spirito ribelle de Gian Pietro Lucini
Authors: D’Urso Andrea
Published: March 2023

Notre contribution porte sur le premier ouvrage du jeune G. P. Lucini : Spirito ribelle, un récit d’inspiration naturalistequi suscita d’abord l’admiration de son aîné, le critique Felice Cameroni, puis des réserves sévères au moment de sa refonte en roman symboliste. Partant de l’étude pionnière de Carlo Cordié, nous mettrons en relief le sous-texte idéologique de ce récit – l’anarchisme de l’auteur – et le contexte historique – celui de la paysannerie lombarde de la fin du XIXe siècle – qui marque sa genèse sociale. Enfin, nous proposerons une reconsidération critique de l’abandon du naturalisme reproché à Lucini par ses exégètes, pour mieux expliquer, du point de vue de la théorie de la littérature, les jalons qu’il pose pour sa production postérieure, symboliste d’abord et avant-gardiste ensuite.
« Le temps de l’image est venu » : Cinématiser l’écriture de l’Histoire dans Les Damnés de la terre d’Henry Poulaille
Authors: Martinet Jean-Luc
Published: March 2023

Henry Poulaille est l’un des fondateurs de ce que l’on nomme dans les années Trente la littérature prolétarienne. Elle se définit comme une littérature écrite par les prolétaires, ouvriers, employés, paysans, dont le but est de restituer authentiquement les expériences qu’ils ont vécues. Dans son roman Les Damnés de la terre, publié en 1935, Poulaille cherche à décrire la manière dont cette classe éprouve les révoltes et la vie de misère dans les années 1906-1910. Pour que ce tableau soit le plus juste possible, il utilise les modèles d’écriture issus du cinéma et du phonographe. Le roman associe, dans un travail de montage, dont les références sont le cinéma russe d’Eisenstein ou les films de Chaplin, fiction et document pour rendre de la façon la plus vive l’expérience de la misère. L’Histoire est donc racontée par ceux-là mêmes qui la font au moyen de procédés qui visent à restituer de la manière la plus immédiate possible, « phonographiquement », la façon dont ils la vivent. En devenant ainsi les producteurs de cette Histoire, ils en deviennent les acteurs.
Quand le théâtre caribéen francophone s’empare de « l’Histoire immédiate ». Les Atlantiques amers de Gerty Dambury
Authors: Arthéron Axel
Published: March 2023

La pièce Les Atlantiques amers, publiée en 2014 par la dramaturge guadeloupéenne Gerty Dambury, interroge le thème historique de la grève sociale de 2009, mouvement d’une ampleur et d’une forme inouïes qui pétrifia les économies insulaires antillaises. Donnant à voir et à penser ce phénomène social et politique, ce drame met en place une dramaturgie qui actualise sur scène la réception de la grève et son effet sur le corps social. Dans cette perspective, Gerty Dambury organise une représentation de l’évènement historique qui s’articule à partir de ses grandes dimensions symboliques et emblématiques ainsi que la mise en place d’une mécanique tragique.
Elsa Morante face à l’Histoire
Authors: Zanardo Monica
Published: March 2023

L’article porte sur les six sources historiques que Morante cite à la fin du roman La Storia (1774). La consultation des archives de l’auteure (les brouillons du roman et les volumes annotés dont elle s’est servie en cours de rédaction) constitue un observatoire de choix pour étudier les stratégies narratives par lesquelles elle intègre l’Histoire à son récit. Sur la base de cette analyse, une réflexion sur la « philosophie de l’Histoire » chez Elsa Morante sera proposée, afin de mettre en lumière les raisons qui l’ont poussée à « fictionnaliser l’Histoire » et à « historiciser » le récit.
Historietas por la identidad – HxI : La bande dessinée documentaire, écriture visuelle des histoires et de l’Histoire
Authors: Pouzol Camille
Published: March 2023

L’ouvrage collectif Historietas por la identidad, publié en 2015 par la Biblioteca Nacional de Buenos Aires, est le fruit d’un travail mené par l’association Abuela de la Plaza de Mayo qui s’est associée à plusieurs auteurs (scénaristes et dessinateurs) de bandes dessinées. Á travers l’analyse de deux histoires courtes, nous pourrons voir que cette historieta documental rejoint la littérature non-fictionnelle et la creative nonfiction en intégrant au sein même du récit des faits avérés, des éléments fictifs et réels ainsi que le reflet du regard de l’auteur sur cette histoire singulière. L’hybridité narrative propre au Neuvième art, associée à la potentialité graphique du média, produit un savoir historique dans la mesure où ces bandes dessinées deviennent à la fois représentation des histoires et de l’Histoire. La médiation artistique permet de raconter et montrer les horreurs de la dictature argentine (1976-1983), mais aussi de raconter l’histoire des persécutés. L’emploi du « tu » et du « nous » nous interroge également sur la place du lecteur/récepteur qui devient témoin d’une Histoire, mais qui peut aussi devenir acteur de sa propre histoire.
Le roman de l’Histoire en Italie : entre postmodernisme et retour au réel
Authors: Raccis Giacomo
Published: March 2023

Dès le début du XXIe siècle, en Italie, le roman a trouvé deux différentes modalités de narration de l’Histoire. D’un côté, l’on trouve une production (Luther Blissett-WuMing, Scurati) qui renouvelle la forme du roman historique postmoderne (Eco). Ces romans présentent des intrigues complexes mais harmoniquement conclues et qui ont souvent la forme d’un complot censé saboter la capacité d’agency des protagonistes. De cette façon, ils donnent une réponse réconfortante à la demande de sens du lecteur occidental, qui se perçoit aliéné par rapport au cours de l’histoire et de la réalité. De l’autre côté, on retrouve la dimension de métafictionnalité que Linda Hutcheon considérait nécessaire pour une interrogation de l’Histoire dans une forme de narration hybride, au croisement de la recherche historique, de la réécriture et de l’autobiographie. Dans les romans de Filippo Tuena, Helena Janeczek ou Davide Orecchio, l’auteur est impliqué personnellement dans une recherche qui éclaircit des portions limitées de l’Histoire afin de donner une réponse à un trauma individuel. Traversées par un élan vers la vérité qui s’éloigne de l’ambiguïté du postmoderne, ces narrations, même dans la partialité des fresques qu’elles dressent, remettent au centre de la réflexion littéraire le lien entre les histoires individuelles et les « destins généraux ».
Outsourcing Services
Authors: Smith Alan D.
Published: March 2023

The service sector and what is termed “service spend” (i.e., the actual amount spent on services) continues to drive the economy, yet the outsourcing of service activity receives little formal attention from management. This situation produces inefficiencies and missed opportunities to maximize value and, as such, creates dissatisfaction and ultimately failure within the bounds of the outsourcing relationship. With relational transparency, defined and communicated expectations, and a heightened sense of management involvement taken together as a baseline, firms engaging in service outsourcing may begin to see the promised fortunes that have heretofore been elusive.
Game-Based Learning for Supply Chain Management
Authors: Deghedi Ghada Ahmed
Published: March 2023

Game-based learning has proven to be an effective teaching method in a variety of fields, including supply chain management (SCM). This paper discusses the use of simulation-based business games for training and education in SCM by evaluating the complexity of SCM games. The main contributions of this study are twofold. (1) Creation of a database of available games used for training and education in SCM. For the first time, 40 games were selected, and a comprehensive review of the complexity elements included in these games is presented. (2) Development of a game complexity index to classify, evaluate and order the selected games according to their complexity. The findings of this study will be useful to academics and practitioners interested in logistics and SCM professional training and education. It helps educational institutions how to choose the best game for specific SCM topics.
A comparison of prophylactic antiemetic therapy with palonosetron and dexamethasone as single-agents or in combination in adult patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery
Authors: Sadhoo Neha , Prakash Jay , Kumar Vishwanath , Kharwar Ramesh Kumar , Ahmad Sabih , Sethi Bijaya Kumar
Published: March 2023

Background:

The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is quite high after laparoscopic surgeries. This study endeavors to compare the efficacy of the combination of palonosetron and dexamethasone with that of either drug alone in the prevention of PONV in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgeries.

Methods:

This randomized, parallel-group trial was done on ninety adults of American Society of Anesthesiologists Grade I and II patients aged 18–60 years undergoing laparoscopic surgeries under general anesthesia. The patients were randomly divided into three groups of thirty patients each. Group P (n = 30) received palonosetron 0.075 mg intravenously (iv), Group D (n = 30) received dexamethasone 8 mg iv and Group P + D (n = 30) received palonosetron 0.075 mg and dexamethasone 8 mg iv. The primary outcome was incidence of PONV in 24 h, and the secondary outcome was a number of rescue antiemetics required. To compare the proportions in the groups, unpaired t-test, Mann–Whitney U-test, Chi-square test, or Fisher's exact test was applied.

Results:

We found that the overall incidence of PONV was 46.7% in Group P, 50% in Group D, and 43.3% in Group P + D during the first 24 h. Rescue antiemetic was required in 27% of the patients in Group P and Group D compared to 23% of the patients in Group P + D and twice in 3% of the patients in Group P, 7% of the patients in Group D, and none in Group P + D which were not significant.

Conclusions:

The combination therapy of palonosetron plus dexamethasone did not significantly reduce the incidence of PONV when compared with either drug alone.
A Case of Duplication of Inferior Vena Cava and Turner Syndrome
Authors: Netam SBS , Jain Vishal , Agrawal Shubhkriti , Rashika M
Published: March 2023

Turner syndrome is one of the most common sex chromosome disorders with many anatomical abnormalities that affect physiological systems of human body. The most common cardiovascular anomalies in Turner syndrome are bicuspid aortic valve and coarctation of aorta. The venous anomalies include partial anomalous pulmonary venous return and persistent left sided Superior vena cava. Duplication of inferior vena cava (IVC) is rare in occurrence. On extensive literature search, no such case of IVC duplication in Turner syndrome is found. We, herein, report an incidental finding of IVC duplication in a known case of Turner syndrome. Any patient with Turner syndrome should be evaluated for additional venous anomalies.
Integrated Treatment Strategies and Prosthetic Rehabilitation for COVID-19-Associated Mucormycosis
Authors: Shetty Smitha Sammith , Shetty Shibani , Venkatesh Swapna Bettanapalya
Published: March 2023

Mucormycosis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection caused by the fungi belonging to the order Mucorales. Mucormycosis commonly develops in patients with diabetes mellitus having a background of immunosuppression. An integrative approach in the management of COVID-19-associated mucormycosis can be more effective and beneficial to the patients, as the delay in diagnosis and treatment is commonly associated with COVID-19. The rehabilitation of the resected facial structures in these patients would be very crucial in sustaining the quality of life. Thus, our review aims in providing insights into management strategies across different fields of medicine and the various rehabilitation methods.
The Study of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Among the Patients of Systemic Hypertension - An Original Research Article
Authors: Anand K. N. N. , Kumar Prasanna P. , Kulkarni Ashwin , Krishnamurthy Vishwanath , Kumar Anil
Published: March 2023

Background:

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a long-term sleep disorder that presents with partial or complete obstruction of the upper airway during sleep. It is one of the secondary causes and independent risk factors of hypertension (HTN). The study aimed to study and compare characteristics between patients with and without OSA among hypertensives.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 76 patients with systemic HTN attending a tertiary care hospital from January 2019 to September 2019 were included in the study. Clinical and demographic data were collected and recorded. For the patients with Epworth Sleepiness Scale score >10, limited polysomnography was done. Patients were diagnosed with and without OSA. Characteristics of all the patients were compared.

Results:

The mean age of the study participants was 59 years, 51.3% were females, 48.7% were males, and 63.8% had OSA. The average neck and waist circumference were significantly greater in patients with OSA than without (P = 0.004 and P = 0.001, respectively). The average spontaneous bacterial peritonitis among patients with OSA and without differed significantly (P = 0.023). The average random blood sugar among patients with OSA was significantly higher (P < 0.001). The average total cholesterol and triglycerides levels were significantly higher in OSA patients (P < 0.002 and P < 0.001, respectively). Although statistically insignificant, average high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein were higher in OSA patients (P > 0.05). The presence of resistant HTN was significantly associated with OSA (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

There is a significant association of OSA among patients with HTN. In addition, OSA was also linked with a higher frequency of other comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia. Hence, patients with HTN should be screened for undiagnosed OSA, especially if HTN is not responding to multiple drugs adequately.
A Formula for Estimating the Mesiodistal Width of Permanent Mandibular Central Incisors
Authors: Jadhav Vikrant , Tiwari Meenakshi , Seegavadi Vasudevan , Kamble Ranjit , Daigavane Pallavi
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

A chieving acceptable occlusal contact during orthodontic treatment is very important. Tooth size ratios play a major role in the prediction of treatment outcomes.

Aim:

The aim of this study is to determine the mesiodistal width of missing mandibular central incisor.

Materials and Methods:

The study sample consisted of study casts of 300 participants in the age range of 18–30 years. Samples having a full complement of teeth with Angle's Class I molar and canine relationships, good intercuspation, normal overjet and overbite, and minimal crowding and spacing. Tooth dimensions were measured using a digital Vernier caliper. The data calculated were used for measuring schedule variance (SV) formula.

Results:

Based on the achieved data, SV formula is derived.

Conclusion:

For achieving esthetic profile, it is essential to calculate the correct mesiodistal width of the teeth. Ideal tooth proportions play an important role in achieving good occlusion at the end of orthodontic treatment.
Current Practice of Otolaryngologists during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Saldanha Marina , Goutham MK , Kamath P Shrinath D , Aroor Rajeshwary , Manojan Sourabh
Published: March 2023

Objectives:

The aim of the study was to determine current methods implemented by the otorhinolaryngologists in their outpatient practice, their mental wellbeing and recommend safe clinical practice based on current literature.

Materials and Methods:

Qualitative questionnaire study was conducted on otorhinolaryngologists working in various setups. The questionnaire had four parts including demographics, current ENT practice and precautions, mental wellbeing based on Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, and the COVID infection status.

Results:

Stress related to COVID did not affect the practice hours and consultation duration (P = 0.94). Nearly, 96% of the participants diligently followed hand hygiene and 87.4% stressed on the need of screening the patients before consultation. Although none of the participants had dysfunctional anxiety (score >9) on coronavirus anxiety scale, participants who had elders at home showed increased stress levels during the pandemic (P = 0.027). Participants with comorbidities did not show any elevated stress levels (P = 0.06). Endoscopic procedures (71.65%) and digital palpation of the oral cavity (42.3%) were the most stressful outpatient department procedures experienced by the participants. Although prophylactic medications were taken by 56.8% of participants, there was no association observed between comorbidities and prophylaxis (P = 0.57).

Conclusion:

The study highlights that otorhinolaryngologists are taking adequate precautions during the pandemic and the risk factors for anxiety were less due to a better understanding of coronavirus infection.
Antioxidant Status and Oxidative Stress in Hypothyroidism
Authors: Sankha Simlai , Kumar Yadav Manoj , Madhuri Agnihotri A. , Kumar Mohapatra Tapan
Published: March 2023

Objectives:

Oxidative stress (SOX) in overt hypothyroidism (OHT) has been reported with unclear outcomes. Furthermore, the studies assessing SOX in subclinical hypothyroidism (SHT) were limited. Our present study was taken up to establish oxidative/antioxidative status in hypothyroids patients.

Design and Material and Methods:

One hundred and seventy-six patients with hypothyroidism diagnosed as OHT (n = 176) or SHT (n = 176) were included along with 176 healthy euthyroid controls. Serum lipid profile, malondialdehyde of plasma (MDA), protein carbonyls (PCO), glutathione reduced (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT), and antioxidant enzyme ratio SOD-to-(GPx + CAT) were projected.

Results:

Compared with euthyroid controls, hypothyroid patients had dyslipidemia, notably higher MDA concentrations and PCO, significantly reduced GSH, SOD, SOD/(GPx + CAT) ratio and a noteworthy increase in GPx activity. Although CAT activity in hypothyroids was unchanged when compared to euthyroid controls. In OHT patients, the SOX was markedly more when compared to SHT patients. MDA had a positively associated with excess TSH in the OHT group. fT3 and fT4 showed positive and negative correlation, respectively, with TC, whereas TSH showed a positive correlation with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the OHT group. PCO was seen to have positive relations with TSH and MDA in hypothyroids.

Conclusions:

We found increased peroxidation of lipid, carbonylation of protein, and diminished antioxidant defense system in hypothyroids. Higher points of SOX were seen in OHT patients than SHT patients. SOX was related to change in hormone condition related to hypothyroidism.
Predictive Accuracy of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio on Severity and Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: D'Souza's Nikhil Victor , Haroon H. , Acharya Vishak , Unnikrishnan Bhaskaran , Mithra Prasanna , Mascarenhas Chrystle , Dhillon Navjot Singh , Tom Alex
Published: March 2023

Background/Aims:

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a proven marker in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity and mortality. However, the utility of a sequential NLR 2 (on day 5) in comparison to baseline NLR in predicting clinical outcomes and severity remains largely unexplored.

Methods:

This was a hospital-based retrospective observational study.

Results:

Higher mortality (19.9% vs. 48%) and a more severe disease (14.8% vs. 21%) were observed with elevated NLR 1 and NLR 2, respectively. NLR 2 at a cutoff of 9.88 was a better predictor of mortality, when compared to NLR 1 at 5.67, and NLR 2 has a strong correlation with mortality rates in COVID-19.

Conclusion:

Our study demonstrated that NLR 1 and NLR 2 were more reliable predictors of mortality than disease severity; in comparison, NLR 2 is a more accurate predictor of mortality than NLR 1. The study unravels the potential role of a sequential NLR 2, to have a better correlation in predicting the clinical severity and outcomes. The potential role of NLR 2 in assessing the interim progression of the disease and thereby initiating specific interventions at critical junctures to influence the outcome is unveiled and merits exploration in detail by larger studies.
Retrieving Fragments
Authors: Sarangi Swayangprabha , Chandak Manoj Ghanshyamdasji , Relan Kajol Naresh , Chaudhari Payal Sandeep , Chandak Pooja , Ikhar Anuja
Published: March 2023

The advancements made in the field of endodontics are increasing every day. Introducing a broad spectrum of newer root canal instruments has been a boon to the endodontist. Nevertheless, inadequate knowledge about its correct usage has proved to be a bane in the real sense. With the availability of sufficient armamentarium, good management skills combined with an excellent clinical experience all together serve as the best possible combination in dealing with fractured instruments, which otherwise seem like a challenging task. The microbiological and biomechanical aspects are the deciding parameters during decision-making. Thus, the series of cases presented in this case report is about the successful retrieval of broken files from root canals using Masserann kits and ultrasonics.
Health-Related Quality of Life Among Medical Students
Authors: Thomas Joel , Nair Dhanushree , John Preetha , Beeran Rishtha , Simon Praisil
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

Medical education appears to perpetuate stress through its intense academic workload, working with patients and grading systems. Various studies show that the stressful life of medical students can attribute to development of various ailments and deterioration of quality of life. The World Health Organization has defined quality of life as “individuals' perception of their position in life in the context of the culture and value systems in which they live and their relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns.

Aim:

To determine the health related quality of life of medical students and assess their mental status.

Material and Methods:

A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted among the undergraduate students of Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College. A total of 235 students from 2nd year MBBS and Final year part 1 MBBS participated in the survey. The study was conducted after obtaining written consent from the participants and permission from the Head of the Department to conduct the study.

Results:

The students who participated ranged from the age group of 17 years to 24 years, maximum being 21 years (30%), 164 of them were females. Sixty two percent of the students belonged to 2nd year. According to Beck's Depression Inventory, 23%(53) evaluated to have mild mood disturbances. Overall scores for all 8 domains ranged between 78.2 and 60.2. The maximum score was obtained in the Physical Function domain and the minimum score was obtained in the Role Limitation Due to Emotional Problems domain.

Conclusions:

The study shows that the quality of life, health related as perceived by the participants is low. Various factors may be associated with this, including time constraints for social activities, heavy workload and limited contact with family and friends. Deteriorated quality of life may affect the attainment of knowledge by the students, their performances as well as their future competencies as a clinician.
Retrieval of Separated Nickel-Titanium Instrument from Mandibular Molar Using a Modified 18-Gauge Needle
Authors: Kapoor Kriti , Grewal Mandeep S. , Arya Ashtha , Arora Anshul
Published: March 2023

During biomechanical preparation of root canal, the most common mishap is instrument separation within the canal. When instrument separation occurs, it causes hindrance in proper cleaning and shaping of the canal. Therefore, retrieval of separated instrument can always be attempted, and if retrieval is not possible, bypassing of the fractured instrument is another option. Due to the increase in use of nickel-titanium instruments in the recent years, incidences of instrument separation have increased. Successful retrieval of separated instrument depends on a number of factors. Various retrieval kits are also available for this purpose. This paper illustrates a case report of retrieval of a fractured instrument from mesiobuccal canal of a mandibular molar using a modified 18-gauge needle, which was separated during chemomechanical preparation of the canal.
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Manifesting as Uncontrolled Posttooth Extraction Hemorrhage
Authors: Samuel Soumi , Bhal Devyani , Chandran Thara , Laxminarayana Kishan Prasad Hosapatna
Published: March 2023

Postoperative bleeding is one of the common complications encountered in dental practice after routine dental extractions. Preoperative assessment of the patient is an integral aspect of managing and delivering dental care effectively to a patient. However, a patient with unknown and previously undiagnosed systemic illness can further complicate the treatment and result in defective hemostasis postextraction. We report a rare case of a 23-year-old male, who was diagnosed with chronic myeloid leukemia following uncontrolled hemorrhage postsimple dental extraction procedure.
Effects of Electric Arc Welding and Laser Welding Under Argon Gas Shield on the Tensile Strength of Ni-Cr Alloys
Authors: Shetty Sneha Harish , Sushma R. , Sanyal Pronob
Published: March 2023

Purpose:

Whether electric arc welded and laser-welded Ni-Cr alloys can resist tensile stresses in the oral environment is unknown.

Materials and Methods:

Sixty Ni-Cr bars (0.8 mm × 60 mm) with a circular cross-section were cut in half and welded using laser welding and electric arc welding. Fifteen bars from both the group were immersed in artificial saliva at pH 7 and pH 2 at room temperature for 60 days and remaining 15 samples were used as control. After the stress corrosion simulation, the tensile strength was determined using universal testing machine.

Results:

On comparison between the electric arc welded and laser welded samples, the laser welded samples showed a significant decrease in the tensile strength after simulation in artificial saliva (P = 0.05). Oral condition simulation did not affect the tensile strength of electric arc welded samples (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Oral simulation decreased the tensile strength of laser welded Ni-Cr bars.
A Comprehensive Review on Role of Viruses in Gingival and Periodontal Diseases
Authors: Rajendran Poornima , Anand Meena
Published: March 2023

It is an already established fact that periodontal disease is principally caused by specific group of bacterial pathogens. The red complex of bacterial species plays an important role in periodontal disease progression. However, the 20th century marked an important turning point in the etiopathogenesis of periodontal disease. It was found that viruses can modify the host response as well as the pathogenesis by which bacteria affects the periodontium. This alteration in the pathogenesis of periodontopathic bacteria and the altered host immune response by the virus leads to periodontal disease progression. Over the years, various viruses have been associated with periodontal disease. In particular, the Herpesvirus species, human immunodeficiency virus and human papillomavirus has been widely researched. Moreover, the Epstein–Barr virus and human Cytomegalovirus co-exist in the subgingival environment along with the periodontal pathogens. The synergism among the bacteria and virus is a prime factor for severe periodontal breakdown. The present review article provides comprehensive information on the pathogenesis by which the viruses cause periodontal disease progression.
Challenges Faced by Teaching Staff During Virtual Learning Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Choudhary Swecha Anil , Wagh Vasant , Dhyani Abhilasha , Dave Sarvesh , Mohurle Devyani
Published: March 2023

The worldwide economy has been severely damaged by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. The education system is not shielded from the harmful impacts of lockdown, especially in South Asia. Schools and institutions have been forced to close permanently as a result, and traditional classroom instruction is being quickly replaced by online learning. This study is topical in that it explores teachers’ perceptions of online instruction and the difficulties they face when doing so during the pandemic in light of recent developments. A search of electronic databases with a specific goal in mind to find literature; a quest for reliable summaries, various sources, including books, have detailed conceptual and theoretical studies, handbooks, and gray literature; we took a look at what social experts have been working to discover the parameters that allow challenges faced by teaching staff during virtual learning. A literature search was done systematically of various journal indexes such as PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, and others. The study’s findings demonstrate that, on average, teachers believe virtual education is a smart option for reducing the learning gap and shaping students’ futures during the crisis, during COVID-19. Despite this, they ran into a number of roadblocks and other issues. The educational institution’s management should provide sufficient training on learning software to teachers, allowing them to successfully instruct and lead students.
Dexmedetomidine for Attenuation of Sympathomimetic Response to Laryngoscopy and Tracheal Intubation in Neurosurgical Patients
Authors: Sen Bitan , Sen Jayashree
Published: March 2023

Background:

Stress responses caused by noxious stimuli during laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation can incite harmful effects, especially in neurosurgical patients. Among various drug regimens and techniques tried for obtunding such consequences, dexmedetomidine, an α-2 receptor agonist mediating its action through α-2A receptors located in locus coeruleus, inhibits noradrenaline release thus decreases such sympathetic activity.

Aim and Objective:

To evaluate the effect of a single preoperative dose of dexmedetomidine 1 μg/kg slow infusion on hemodynamic responses to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation.

Materials and Methods:

Sixty patients randomized into two groups of 30 each of age range 20–60 years, the American Society of Anesthesiologists physical Status I and II posted for planned neurosurgical procedures, to receive dexmedetomidine (Group D): 1 μg/kg diluted with 0.9% saline to a total volume of 20 mL, control Group (C): 20 ml 0.9% normal saline, both infused intravenously over 10 min, 3 min before induction. Changes in heart rate (HR), systolic, diastolic, mean arterial pressure (MAP), and any side effect associated with the drug during the study of 20 min of intubation, were observed and statistically analyzed.

Results:

Insignificant difference (P > 0.05) in demographic criteria. In comparison to the baseline (BL) value, during laryngoscopy, a fall in mean HR by 12.1% in dexmedetomidine group and a rise of 28.39% in control group, reduction in mean systolic blood pressure value 11.40% in dexmedetomidine group, a rise by 19.50% in control group (P < 0.05), a fall in mean diastolic blood pressure by 11.19% in dexmedetomidine, in control group a rise of 16.97%, the difference is statistically significant (P < 0.0001), rise in the mean MAP value in the control group to 18.12% above the BL value but in Group D, it was reduced by 11.29% (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Infusion of dexmedetomidine, in attenuation of hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation, is a safe and effective protective method.
A Case of Recurrent Hematocolpos Posthymenectomy in a Pubertal Girl with Transverse Vaginal Septum
Authors: Dhande Rajasbala Pradeep , Singh Rohan Kumar , Patwa Prerna Anup , Mishra Gaurav Vedprakash
Published: March 2023

In postpubertal age, one of the most common genital tract malformations is imperforate hymen and the patient usually presents with abdominal pain of cyclical nature with palpable abdominal mass and increased frequency of micturition. We report an unusual case of a 15-year-old girl who had a history of hematocolpos for which she underwent simple hymenotomy and drainage of collected menstrual blood from the genital tract, 2 months later, she again developed similar complaints of increased frequency of micturition and some palpable masses in the lower abdomen. On further investigation, magnetic resonance imaging showed recurrent hematocolpos but with a transverse vaginal septum. For which she again underwent hymenotomy and septal excision with Z-plasty. Imperforate hymen is a rare congenital malformation of the vagina that can be treated and diagnosed easily. An adequate early management requires proper knowledge and clinical history of pain with amenorrhea in young girls for diagnosis.
Submandibular Pleomorphic Adenoma – Imaging Findings on Sonography, Color Doppler, and Strain Elastography with Pathological Correlation
Authors: Nagendra Vadlamudi , Phatak Suresh
Published: March 2023

Submandibular gland tumors are uncommon. Elastography is a recent addition in ultrasound diagnosis particularly in cases of soft-tissue tumor imaging. In this case report, we are describing ultrasonographic and elastographic imaging findings of submandibular pleomorphic adenoma.
Correlation of Temporal Bone Fracture on Computed Tomography Scan with Hearing Loss in Posttraumatic Patients
Authors: Singh Rohan Kumar , Mishra Gaurav Vedprakash , Patwa Prerna Anup , Dhande Rajasbala Pradeep , Gowda K. B. , Singh Sonal , Goyal Aditi V. , Bele Akanksha
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

Temporal bone fractures in adults are invariably due to motor vehicle accidents or road traffic accidents. Hearing loss is a common complaint following temporal bone fractures, but attention to it is frequently overlooked as there may be other life-threatening complications associated with it that may require immediate attention of the caregiver. Immediate detection of temporal bone fracture and its complications helps in providing early and effective treatment.

Aim:

The main objective of our study is to observe various types of fractures on multidetector computed tomography (CT), difference between various types, and classification of fractures of temporal bone with correlation between types of fracture and clinical hearing loss.

Methods:

Two-year (2019–2021) prospective study of head injured patients with temporal bone fracture presented to the Department of Radio-diagnosis (AVBRH, DMIMS, Wardha) with complaints of hearing loss was subjected for study. Temporal bone fracture patients satisfying inclusion and exclusion criteria having hearing loss were evaluated audiologically after a gap of 3 months following the initial injury once the patient was stable. Age and gender distribution, cause of injury, radiological findings, and clinical presentations were analyzed. Data were entered into Microsoft Excel data sheet and were analyzed using SPSS 22 version software.

Results:

Out of 173 patients having hearing loss with temporal bone fracture, majority of the patients were male (84.97%) and were between 20 and 39 years (46.24%) with a mean age of 41 years. The major cause of injury was motor vehicle accidents (84.39%). The right side was involved (49.1%) more than the left side (46.0%). Longitudinal type fracture was most frequent (64.74%). Otic capsule involvement was present in 9.25%. Conductive hearing loss was more common in otic capsule sparing and sensorineural hearing loss was more common in otic capsule-involved fractures. Otic capsule sparing was more common in (95.54%) longitudinal type of fracture. Otic capsule violation was more common in (26.09%) transverse type of fracture.

Conclusion:

This study suggests that image analysis of high-resolution CT can be used in fracture of temporal bone either to detect the hearing loss or to know the type and classify the fracture or to find the correlation between the types of fracture and clinical hearing loss.
Violence Against Doctors
Authors: Thapar Rekha , Hegde Kausthubh , Bhat Nishantha , Kumar Nithin , Unnikrishnan Bhaskaran , Mithra Prasanna , Holla Ramesh , Bhagawan Darshan
Published: March 2023

Background:

Commercialization of medical care and lack of mutual trust between doctors and patients have led to a rise in acts of violence against health-care workers.

Materials and Methods:

In this facility-based cross-sectional study, 71 doctors and 71 patient caretakers were assessed about their perceptions of violence among doctors. Ethics committee approval was obtained before the commencement of the study. The study participants were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. An independent t-test was applied to study the difference in the mean perception scores between doctors and patient caretakers and P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.

Results:

A majority (n = 49, 69%) of the doctors in our study had personally faced aggression or violence at their workplace. More than half of the doctors who faced violence/aggression were postgraduates (n = 29, 59.2%). Patient caretakers were responsible for violence/aggression in the majority of the cases. The long waiting period in hospitals was the main reason perceived by the doctors (n = 45, 63.3%) and patient caretakers (n = 54, 76.1%) for the aggression/violence. Doctors strongly felt that the media played an important role in the rising violence against doctors by portraying them negatively (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Workplace violence against doctors is very prevalent in our setting and junior doctors are more at risk. Violence against doctors is overlooked outside of the health-care community and does not receive the due global attention it deserves.
Paraneoplastic Syndrome Presenting with Unilateral Gynecomastia
Authors: Gowda Harshith , Phatak Suresh V. , Manoj Megha , Ghanta Prashanti
Published: March 2023

The pathologies of the male breast are often ignored due to its nonfunctional nature. A wide variety of benign and malignant conditions are seen in the male breast. The palpable abnormalities of the male breast must be particularly addressed so that accurate characterization and diagnosis can be made. We are presenting a case of bronchogenic carcinoma presenting with unilateral gynecomastia. Ultrasonography, mammography, and elastography imaging are described.
Extraction Site Reconstruction by Alveolar Ridge Preservation and Indirect Sinus Lifting Procedure for Dental Implant Placement
Authors: Rajendran Poornima , Bhat Manjusha , Upadhyay Sneha
Published: March 2023

Dimensional changes to the alveolar ridge are inexorable following tooth extraction. To avoid this hard-tissue loss, alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) soon after extraction needs to be done. However, despite taking precautions to prevent the ridge loss, some cases might require ridge and sinus augmentation procedures for dental implant placement subsequent to tooth extraction. The present case report briefs on management of extraction site by ARP and indirect sinus lifting by osteotome sinus floor elevation approach, for dental implant placement.
Oral Surgical Procedure in a Child with Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency
Authors: Abdelmagyd Hossam Abdelatty Eid , Shetty Shishir Ram , Vannala Venkataramana , Al-Ahmari Manea Musa Musleh , Atef Ahmed
Published: March 2023

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is a rare condition characterized by hemolytic anemia triggered by certain drugs, food substances, and infections. Very few case reports till date have highlighted on the dental aspects of G6PD deficiency. The aim of the present report was to present a dental management of an 8-year-old male patient.
Post Covid-19 Mixed Fungal Orbito-Pansinusitis Caused by Rhizopus Oryzae and Exophiala Jeanselmei-Review and Reports
Authors: Mahajan Mayuri , Prasanna S , Das Nikunja Kumar , Mahajan Nikhil
Published: March 2023

We report a rare case of mixed fungal orbito-pansinusitis caused by Rhizopus oryzae and Exophiala jeanselmei in post-COVID-19 individuals. A 65-year-old patient was COVID-19-positive and treated as per the protocols. Following recovery after 3 weeks presents to the otorhinolaryngology outpatient department with complaints of nasal obstruction, stuffiness, pain over the maxilla, occasional fever spikes, and swelling over eyelids. He was diagnosed with a case of orbito-pansinusitis mucormycosis based on magnetic resonance imaging, nasal endoscopy, and microbiological findings. Intravenous (IV) fluconazole and amphotericin B were the conservative management initially followed by surgical debridement later. There was minimal residual deformity after patient recovery. Generally, secondary to immunosuppression or debilitating diseases leads to mucormycosis. The mode of entry for molds and spores of zygomycetes are through the respiratory tract through the nose and then reaches the sinuses, orbit, and intracranial structures. Hence, a good prognosis and to reduce morbidity by zygomycosis can be achieved by early clinical diagnosis, direct smears, and proper interventions. The diagnosis of fungal infections at the earliest is very important because the therapeutic management of fungal infection is quite challenging, especially in the case of R. oryzae and E. jeanselmei with immunocompromised state. The prophylactic drugs, steroids, and immunosuppressants for the treatment of COVID-19 should not be misused and must be used as per protocol and guidelines judiciously.
An Observational Study of Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Ali Saood , Wagh Pankaj , Aurangabadkar Gaurang , Jadhav Ulhas , Adwani Sameer , Kadukar Juhi
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

This observational study was done to study the patients having metabolic syndrome with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methodology:

A cross-sectional observational study was done which included all the patients having COPD by convenience sampling presented at the Respiratory Medicine Department in Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital, a tertiary hospital in Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha, India, from November 2021 to January 2022. The patients having metabolic syndrome as per definition were studied, and appropriate statistical tests were applied.

Observation and Results:

A total of 124 patients were studied in total out of which 40 patients had metabolic syndrome. Out of 124 patients studied, 70 were females and 54 were males. Almost half of the patients were above 70 years of age and above. Out of 40 patients having metabolic syndrome, 18 were females and 22 were males.

Conclusion:

The study concluded that metabolic syndrome was present in a significant population of COPD; hence, with appropriate interventions, the morbidity and mortality of COPD may be reduced by reducing the occurrence of metabolic syndrome.
Online Teaching–Learning Assessment Practices
Authors: Gotarkar Shashank , Rawekar Alka , Taksande Avinash , More Akash
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

Various modalities had been adopted by educational institutes, after declaration of pandemic of COVID-19 by the World Health Organization. Students of higher education cannot be prevented for their right to education due to this severe pandemic and its fallout thereat. All the educators across the Globe started with some or other modality of online learning to keep the pace of teaching–learning activities including examination. School of allied health sciences also tried various modes of teaching. To evaluate this, an online survey was conducted to find out the usefulness and effectivity of this modality.

Materials and Methods:

The study was cross-sectional which was conducted among students of the School of Allied Health Sciences, DMIMS, Wardha, during April–May 2021. The undergraduate and postgraduate students from first and second graduation years were randomly selected and all 200 students were approached through WhatsApp group after Institutional Ethics Committee approval. The responses received, were collated and analyzed in the form of descriptive statistics.

Results:

Out of 200 students, 186 had responded to survey questionnaire with response rate of 93%. For communication regarding time table, examination schedule, or interactions or participation, the mean percentage for accepting was 66.9%. However, their satisfaction with online mode was 40.89% only. Perception of helpfulness related to learning or flexibility was about 52%.

Conclusions:

Although some of the students had good perception for online teaching–learning assessment modalities, some of them did not agree for it and they wanted face-to-face teaching. This may be attributed to Internet connectivity issue or residing at rural places where specified bandwidth was not available.