bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Topic modeling for multi-omic integration in the human gut microbiome and implications for Autism
Authors: Tataru Christine , Peras Marie , Rutherford Erica , Dunlap Kaiti , Yin Xiaochen , Chrisman Brianna S. , DeSantis Todd Z. , Wall Dennis P. , Iwai Shoko , David Maude M.
Published: July 2023

While healthy gut microbiomes are critical to human health, pertinent microbial processes remain largely undefined, partially due to differential bias among profiling techniques. By simultaneously integrating multiple profiling methods, multi-omic analysis can define generalizable microbial processes, and is especially useful in understanding complex conditions such as Autism. Challenges with integrating heterogeneous data produced by multiple profiling methods can be overcome using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), a promising natural language processing technique that identifies topics in heterogeneous documents. In this study, we apply LDA to multi-omic microbial data (16S rRNA amplicon, shotgun metagenomic, shotgun metatranscriptomic, and untargeted metabolomic profiling) from the stool of 81 children with and without Autism. We identify topics, or microbial processes, that summarize complex phenomena occurring within gut microbial communities. We then subset stool samples by topic distribution, and identify metabolites, specifically neurotransmitter precursors and fatty acid derivatives, that differ significantly between children with and without Autism. We identify clusters of topics, deemed “cross-omic topics”, which we hypothesize are representative of generalizable microbial processes observable regardless of profiling method. Interpreting topics, we find each represents a particular diet, and we heuristically label each cross-omic topic as: healthy/general function, age-associated function, transcriptional regulation, and opportunistic pathogenesis.
New proapoptotic chemotherapeutic agents based on the quinolone-3-carboxamide scaffold acting by VEGFR-2 inhibition
Authors: El-Fakharany Zeinab S. , Nissan Yassin M. , Sedky Nada K. , Arafa Reem K. , Abou-Seri Sahar M.
Published: July 2023

In the current study, we designed and synthesized a series of new quinoline derivatives 10a-p as antiproliferative agents targeting cancer through inhibition of VEGFR-2. Preliminary molecular docking to assess the interactions of the designed derivatives with the binding site of VEGFR-2 (PDB code: 4ASD) displayed binding poses and interactions comparable to sorafenib. The synthesized compounds exhibited VEGFR-2 inhibitory activity with IC50 ranging from 36 nM to 2.23 μM compared to sorafenib (IC50 = 45 nM), where derivative 10i was the most potent. Additionally, the synthesized derivatives were evaluated in vitro for their cytotoxic activity against HepG2 cancer cell line. Seven compounds 10a, 10c, 10d, 10e, 10i, 10n and 10o (IC50 = 4.60, 4.14, 1.07, 0.88, 1.60, 2.88 and 2.76 μM respectively) displayed better antiproliferative activity than sorafenib (IC50 = 8.38 μM). Compound 10i was tested against Transformed Human Liver Epithelial-2 normal cell line (THLE-2) to evaluate its selective cytotoxicity. Furthermore, 10i, as a potent representative of the series, was assayed for its apoptotic activity and cell cycle kinetics’ influence on HepG2, its effects on the gene expression of VEGFR-2, and protein expression of the apoptotic markers Caspase-7 and Bax. Compound 10i proved to have a potential role in apoptosis by causing significant increase in the early and late apoptotic quartiles, a remarkable activity in elevating the relative protein expression of Bax and Caspase-7 and a significant reduction of VEGFR-2 gene expression. Collectively, the obtained results indicate that compound 10i has a promising potential as a lead compound for the development of new anticancer agents.
Fructooligosaccharide and Bacillus subtilis synbiotic combination promoted disease resistance, but not growth performance, is additive in fish
Authors: Pawar Nilesh Anil , Prakash Chandra , Kohli Mahinder Pal Singh , Jamwal Ankur , Dalvi Rishikesh Subhashrao , Devi B. Nightingale , Singh Soibam Khogen , Gupta Shobha , Lende Smit Ramesh , Sontakke Sadanand D. , Gupta Subodh , Jadhao Sanjay Balkrishna
Published: July 2023

Species diversification from major to minor carps for their sturdiness and initial higher growth, and also a quest for antibiotic-free aqua farming in the subcontinent, mandates search for and evaluation of alternatives. An experiment was performed to investigate the potential of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) and Bacillus subtilis (BS) (alone or as synbiotics) in promoting growth and immunity against infections in Labeo fimbriatus fingerlings. Six iso-nitrogenous and iso-lipidic diets containing combinations of two levels of FOS (0% and 0.5%) and three levels of BS (0, 104, 106 CFU/g feed) were fed to fish for 60 days. At the end of the feeding trial, twenty-four fish from each group were injected intra-peritoneally with pathogenic strain of Aeromonas hydrophila O:18 to test the immunoprotective efficacy of the supplements against bacterial infection. BS, but not FOS, significantly improved (P < 0.05) growth and feed utilisation attributes like percentage weight gain (PWG), specific growth rate (SGR) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). There were interactive effects of FOS and BS on PWG, SGR and FCR; however, the effects were not additive in nature. These beneficial effects of BS, alone or in combination with FOS, were corroborated by increased protease activity, microvilli density and diameter and number of goblet cells. Overall beneficial effects of FOS and BS included improved erythrocyte (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), total protein and globulin levels. Total leucocyte (WBC) count and immunological parameters like respiratory burst activity of leucocytes (NBT reduction), lysozyme activity, albumin: globulin ratio and post-challenge survival were significantly improved by both FOS and BS, and their dietary combination yielded the highest improvement in these parameters. Synergistic effects of FOS and BS as dietary supplements indicate that a combination of 106 CFU/g BS and 0.5% FOS is optimal to improve growth, feed utilisation, immune functions, and disease resistance in L. fimbriatus fingerlings.
Active querying approach to epidemic source detection on contact networks
Authors: Sterchi Martin , Hilfiker Lorenz , Grütter Rolf , Bernstein Abraham
Published: July 2023

The problem of identifying the source of an epidemic (also called patient zero) given a network of contacts and a set of infected individuals has attracted interest from a broad range of research communities. The successful and timely identification of the source can prevent a lot of harm as the number of possible infection routes can be narrowed down and potentially infected individuals can be isolated. Previous research on this topic often assumes that it is possible to observe the state of a substantial fraction of individuals in the network before attempting to identify the source. We, on the contrary, assume that observing the state of individuals in the network is costly or difficult and, hence, only the state of one or few individuals is initially observed. Moreover, we presume that not only the source is unknown, but also the duration for which the epidemic has evolved. From this more general problem setting a need to query the state of other (so far unobserved) individuals arises. In analogy with active learning, this leads us to formulate the active querying problem. In the active querying problem, we alternate between a source inference step and a querying step. For the source inference step, we rely on existing work but take a Bayesian perspective by putting a prior on the duration of the epidemic. In the querying step, we aim to query the states of individuals that provide the most information about the source of the epidemic, and to this end, we propose strategies inspired by the active learning literature. Our results are strongly in favor of a querying strategy that selects individuals for whom the disagreement between individual predictions, made by all possible sources separately, and a consensus prediction is maximal. Our approach is flexible and, in particular, can be applied to static as well as temporal networks. To demonstrate our approach’s practical importance, we experiment with three empirical (temporal) contact networks: a network of pig movements, a network of sexual contacts, and a network of face-to-face contacts between residents of a village in Malawi. The results show that active querying strategies can lead to substantially improved source inference results as compared to baseline heuristics. In fact, querying only a small fraction of nodes in a network is often enough to achieve a source inference performance comparable to a situation where the infection states of all nodes are known.
Expectations about system justification predict the ideological gap in attitudes towards immigrants
Authors: Liaquat Usman , Jost John T.
Published: July 2023

In the U.S. political conservatives hold less favorable attitudes than liberals about immigration and immigrant groups. We hypothesized that one reason for this ideological gap is that conservatives are more likely to believe that immigrants are not as justifying of the American system as they should be. This hypothesis was tested in an online study (N = 404) with respect to four immigrant groups: Europeans, East Asians, Middle Easterners, and Latin Americans. Results revealed that conservatism was positively associated with (a) prescriptive beliefs that immigrants should engage in high levels of system justification, and (b) descriptive beliefs that immigrants—except for Middle Eastern immigrants—generally do endorse high levels of system justification. Importantly, conservatives perceived a bigger difference than liberals between prescriptive and descriptive beliefs about immigrants’ system justification levels, and this difference mediated the association between conservatism and attitudes and feelings about non-European (but not European) immigrants. These findings support a new “Perceived System Justification Deficit Model of Prejudice” in which expectations about others’ degree of ideological support for the societal status quo may contribute to out-group bias and perhaps even discrimination.
Isolation and genome characterization of Lloviu virus from Italian Schreibers’s bats
Authors: Tóth Gábor E. , Hume Adam J. , Suder Ellen L. , Zeghbib Safia , Ábrahám Ágota , Lanszki Zsófia , Varga Zsaklin , Tauber Zsófia , Földes Fanni , Zana Brigitta , Scaravelli Dino , Scicluna Maria Teresa , Pereswiet-Soltan Andrea , Görföl Tamás , Terregino Calogero , De Benedictis Paola , Garcia-Dorival Isabel , Alonso Covadonga , Jakab Ferenc , Mühlberger Elke , Leopardi Stefania , Kemenesi Gábor
Published: July 2023

Lloviu cuevavirus (LLOV) was the first identified member of Filoviridae family outside the Ebola and Marburgvirus genera. A massive die-off of Schreibers’s bats (Miniopterus schreibersii) in the Iberian Peninsula in 2002 led to its initial discovery. Recent studies with recombinant and wild-type LLOV isolates confirmed the zoonotic nature of the virus in vitro. We examined bat samples from Italy for the presence of LLOV in an area outside of the currently known distribution range of the virus. We detected one positive sample from 2020, sequenced the complete coding region of the viral genome and established an infectious isolate of the virus. In addition, we performed the first comprehensive evolutionary analysis of the virus, using the Spanish, Hungarian and the Italian sequences. The most important achievement of this study is the establishment of an additional infectious LLOV isolate from a bat sample using the SuBK12-08 cells, demonstrating that this cell line is highly susceptible to LLOV infection and confirming the previous observation that these bats are effective hosts of the virus in nature. This result further strengthens the role of bats as the natural hosts for zoonotic filoviruses.
Photocatalyzed CO2 reduction to CO by supramolecular photocatalysts made of Ru(II) photosensitizers and Re(I) catalytic subunits containing preformed CO2TEOA adducts
Authors: Santoro Antonio , Cancelliere Ambra M. , Kamogawa Kei , Serroni Scolastica , Puntoriero Fausto , Tamaki Yusuke , Campagna Sebastiano , Ishitani Osamu
Published: July 2023

Two new supramolecular photocatalysts containing Ru(II) polypyridine units as light-harvesting photosensitizers and Re(I) polypyridine subunits as catalytic centers have been prepared. The new species, RuRe2A and Ru2ReA, contain catalytic Re(I) subunits coordinated by the preformed CO2TEOA adduct (known to be the effective catalytic subunits; TEOA is triethanolamine) and exhibit quite efficient and selective photoreduction of CO2 to CO, with outstanding TONs of 2368 and 2695 and a selectivity of 99.9% and 98.9%, respectively. Such photocatalytic properties are significantly improved with respect to those of previously studied RuRe2 and Ru2Re parent compounds, containing chloride ligands instead of the CO2TEOA adduct. Comparison between photocatalytic performance of the new species and their parent compounds allows to investigate the effect of the CO2TEOA insertion process as well as the eventual effect of the presence of chloride ions in solution on the photocatalytic processes. The improved photocatalytic properties of RuRe2A and Ru2ReA compared with their parent species are attributed to a combined effect of different distribution of the one-electron reduced form of the supramolecular photocatalysts on the Ru-subunit(s) (leading to decreased CO formation due to a poisoning ligand loss process) and on the Re-subunit(s) and to the presence of chloride ions in solution for RuRe2 and Ru2Re, which could interfere with the CO2TEOA adduct formation, a needed requisite for CO forming catalysis. These results strongly indicate the utility of preparing supramolecular photocatalysts containing preformed adducts.
Macronutrient distribution in soil subjected to raw sanitary sewage application by closed-end furrows
Authors: Marques Marcus Vinícius Araújo , Silvério Thiago Henrique Ribeiro , Pereira Ana Paula Miranda , von Sperling Marcos , Neves Thiago de Alencar
Published: July 2023

This work aimed to evsaluate the influence of raw sanitary sewage (RS) application in closed-end and level-bottom furrows on the distribution of macronutrients and sodium in the soil along its depth. The applied amount of RS was controlled due to the harmful effect of sodium, with a weekly application over three consecutive years. The experimental design consisted of two experimental plots receiving RS, one with alternating the site of effluent application (alternation of inlet and outlet—TFA) and the other without alternating the site of application (only inlet—TFN); and two experimental plots receiving conventional mineral fertilization, both irrigated with public water supply, where one alternated the site of water application (alternation of inlet and outlet—TWA) and the other without alternating the site of application (only inlet—TWN). The inversion of the flow direction with RS application in the closed-end furrows (TFA) provided a better distribution of nutrients in the soil along its length. There was no significant difference in the levels of macronutrients and sodium between the initial and final regions of the furrow soil. In contrast, the fixed flow direction experimental unit (TFN) exhibit a significant difference between the initial and final levels of total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sodium in the closed furrows with mean concentrations of 265.2, 16.2, 46.7 and 110.0 mg dm−3, respectively.
Change in cooling degree days with global mean temperature rise increasing from 1.5 °C to 2.0 °C
Authors: Miranda Nicole D. , Lizana Jesus , Sparrow Sarah N. , Zachau-Walker Miriam , Watson Peter A. G. , Wallom David C. H. , Khosla Radhika , McCulloch Malcolm
Published: July 2023

Limiting global mean temperature rise to 1.5 °C is increasingly out of reach. Here we show the impact on global cooling demand in moving from 1.5 °C to 2.0 °C of global warming. African countries have the highest increase in cooling requirements. Switzerland, the United Kingdom and Norway (traditionally unprepared for heat) will suffer the largest relative cooling demand surges. Immediate and unprecedented adaptation interventions are required worldwide to be prepared for a hotter world.
Circular RNA RSU1 promotes retinal vascular dysfunction by regulating miR-345-3p/TAZ
Authors: Zhang Yiting , Hu Jianping , Qu Xiaoying , Hu Ke
Published: July 2023

Diabetic mellitus-induced diabetic retinopathy is a significant cause of visual impairment and blindness in adults. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been shown to play initial roles in vascular progression. However, the mechanism underlying diabetes mellitus-induced vascular complications remains largely unknown. In circRNA chip experiments, circRSU1 was found to be generally overexpressed in diabetic retinopathy patients. Human retina endothelial cells were stably transfected with lentiviruses carrying a circRSU1 interference plasmid. CircRSU1 downregulation alleviated diabetes mellitus induced retina vascular dysfunction, resulting in decreased vascular endothelial growth factor levels, inflammatory responses and oxidative stress. Mechanistically, we showed that elevated circRSU1 expression upregulated the TAZ levels by sponging miR-345-3p. Downregulation of TAZ reversed the vascular dysfunction that was caused by increased circRSU1 expression under hyperglycaemic conditions. In conclusion, overexpression of circRSU1 promotes vascular dysfunction by sponging miR-345-3p to increase the TAZ levels under diabetic conditions. We provide evidence that circRSU1 is a potential therapeutic target for treating diabetes mellitus-induced vascular dysfunction.
Interference, diffraction, and diode effects in superconducting array based on bismuth antimony telluride topological insulator
Authors: Song Xiangyu , Suresh Babu Soorya , Bai Yang , Golubev Dmitry S. , Burkova Irina , Romanov Alexander , Ilin Eduard , Eckstein James N. , Bezryadin Alexey
Published: July 2023

It is well-known in optics that the spectroscopic resolution of a diffraction grating is much better compared to an interference device having just two slits, as in Young’s famous double-slit experiment. On the other hand, it is well known that a classical superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) is analogous to the optical double-slit experiment. Here we report experiments and present a model describing a superconducting analogue to the diffraction grating, namely an array of superconducting islands positioned on a topological insulator film Bi0.8Sb1.2Te3. In the limit of an extremely weak field, of the order of one vortex per the entire array, such devices exhibit a critical current peak that is much sharper than the analogous peak of an ordinary SQUID. Therefore, such arrays can be used as sensitive absolute magnetic field sensors. A key finding is that the device acts as a superconducting diode, controlled by magnetic field.
Smart cities and the urban digital divide
Authors: Caragliu Andrea , Del Bo Chiara F.
Published: July 2023

The debate on urban smartness as an instrument for managing more efficient cities has been revolving around the notion that Smart Cities might be causing an increase in inequalities. This effect would be caused by the role played in smart urban transformations by Multi-National Corporations, which would be influencing local policymakers’ agendas. In this work we empirically verify whether smart urban characteristics are associated with an increase in urban inequalities along the digital divide dimension among urban dwellers. To this aim, we exploit a large database of 181 European cities, with data on smart urban characteristics, along with measures of the digital divide obtained with the use of survey data carried out at the European Union level. Results show a negative causal relation between the level of urban smartness and the digital divide within-EU cities. Our findings are robust to a number of robustness checks.
Mixed model-based deconvolution of cell-state abundances (MeDuSA) along a one-dimensional trajectory
Authors: Song Liyang , Sun Xiwei , Qi Ting , Yang Jian
Published: July 2023

Deconvoluting cell-state abundances from bulk RNA-sequencing data can add considerable value to existing data, but achieving fine-resolution and high-accuracy deconvolution remains a challenge. Here we introduce MeDuSA, a mixed model-based method that leverages single-cell RNA-sequencing data as a reference to estimate cell-state abundances along a one-dimensional trajectory in bulk RNA-sequencing data. The advantage of MeDuSA lies primarily in estimating cell abundance in each state while fitting the remaining cells of the same type individually as random effects. Extensive simulations and real-data benchmark analyses demonstrate that MeDuSA greatly improves the estimation accuracy over existing methods for one-dimensional trajectories. Applying MeDuSA to cohort-level RNA-sequencing datasets reveals associations of cell-state abundances with disease or treatment conditions and cell-state-dependent genetic control of transcription. Our study provides a high-accuracy and fine-resolution method for cell-state deconvolution along a one-dimensional trajectory and demonstrates its utility in characterizing the dynamics of cell states in various biological processes.
Genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 variants during the first two years of the pandemic in Colombia
Authors: Jimenez-Silva Cinthy , Rivero Ricardo , Douglas Jordan , Bouckaert Remco , Villabona-Arenas Ch. Julian , Atkins Katherine E. , Gastelbondo Bertha , Calderon Alfonso , Guzman Camilo , Echeverri-De la Hoz Daniel , Muñoz Marina , Ballesteros Nathalia , Castañeda Sergio , Patiño Luz H. , Ramirez Angie , Luna Nicolas , Paniz-Mondolfi Alberto , Serrano-Coll Hector , Ramirez Juan David , Mattar Salim , Drummond Alexei J.
Published: July 2023

Background

The emergence of highly transmissible SARS-CoV-2 variants has led to surges in cases and the need for global genomic surveillance. While some variants rapidly spread worldwide, other variants only persist nationally. There is a need for more fine-scale analysis to understand transmission dynamics at a country scale. For instance, the Mu variant of interest, also known as lineage B.1.621, was first detected in Colombia and was responsible for a large local wave but only a few sporadic cases elsewhere.

Methods

To better understand the epidemiology of SARS-Cov-2 variants in Colombia, we used 14,049 complete SARS-CoV-2 genomes from the 32 states of Colombia. We performed Bayesian phylodynamic analyses to estimate the time of variants’ introduction, their respective effective reproductive number, and effective population size, and the impact of disease control measures.

Results

Here, we detect a total of 188 SARS-CoV-2 Pango lineages circulating in Colombia since the pandemic’s start. We show that the effective reproduction number oscillated drastically throughout the first two years of the pandemic, with Mu showing the highest transmissibility (Re and growth rate estimation).

Conclusions

Our results reinforce that genomic surveillance programs are essential for countries to make evidence-driven interventions toward the emergence and circulation of novel SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Tackling data scarcity with transfer learning: a case study of thickness characterization from optical spectra of perovskite thin films
Authors: Tian Siyu Isaac Parker , Ren Zekun , Venkataraj Selvaraj , Cheng Yuanhang , Bash Daniil , Oviedo Felipe , Senthilnath J. , Chellappan Vijila , Lim Yee-Fun , Aberle Armin G. , MacLeod Benjamin P. , Parlane Fraser G. L. , Berlinguette Curtis P. , Li Qianxiao , Buonassisi Tonio , Liu Zhe
Published: July 2023

thicknessML predicts film thickness from reflection and transmission spectra. Transfer learning enables thickness prediction of different materials with good performance. Transfer learning also bridges the gap between simulation and experiment.
A multi-fused heat-resistant energetic compound constructed by hydrogen bonds
Authors: Hu Yong , Dong Wen-Shuai , Lu Zu-Jia , Zhang Han , Zhang Jian-Guo
Published: July 2023

Multi-fused conjugated energetic compound constructed by hydrogen bonds was linked by a hydrazine-bridge to achieve excellent performance.
Slip to π Ru: structural distortions due to metal-iminoxolene π bonding
Authors: Ayson Patricia Rose H. , Brown Seth N.
Published: July 2023

Ruthenium and osmium bis(iminoxolene) complexes distort markedly from octahedral geometry to achieve additional π bonding.
A highly thermal and pH-stable fluorescence sensor for rapid detection of Hg2+, Fe3+, and tetracycline in aqueous solutions
Authors: Sun Xuancheng , Li Chaoxiong , Meng Xianggao , Wang Dunjia , Zheng Chunyang
Published: July 2023

A highly thermal and pH stable fluorescence sensor LCPs (1) exhibits a fluorescent turn-off sensing behavior for Hg2+, Fe3+ and tetracycline in aqueous solution with high selectivity and sensitivity.
High temperature behaviour of Ag-exchanged Y zeolites used for PFAS sequestration from water
Authors: Mancinelli Maura , Martucci Annalisa , Salani Gian Marco , Bianchini Gianluca , Gigli Lara , Plaisier Jasper Rikkert , Colombo Francesco
Published: July 2023

In situ high-temperature synchrotron XRPD, thermal and carbon elemental/isotopic analyses demonstrated the efficiency of the thermal heating as regeneration strategy to remove PFAS from water without affect the zeolites structural features.
Decoding the infrared spectra changes upon formation of molecular complexes: the case of halogen bonding in pyridine⋯perfluorohaloarene complexes
Authors: Iglesias-Reguant Alex , Reis Heribert , Medved’ Miroslav , Ośmiałowski Borys , Zaleśny Robert , Luis Josep M.
Published: July 2023

We report the pioneering analysis of IR intensity changes upon the formation of halogen-bonded complexes in terms of intermolecular interaction energy components.
In situcoupling of a Co–Mo bimetallic sulfide derived from [CoMo12O40]6−clusters showing highly efficient electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Zhen Qingfang , Pang Haijun , Hu Sumin , Jin Zhongxin , Wu Qiong , Ma Huiyuan , Wang Xinming , Yang Guixin , Yu Zhipeng
Published: July 2023

A highly uniform Co-Mo bimetallic catalyst with low overpotential of 69 mV (10 mA cm-2in 1.0 M KOH) was synthesisviafacile strategy, in-situ coupling Co-Mo sulfides derived from [CoMo12O40]6-cluster.
Astaxanthin reduces fat storage in a fat-6/fat-7 dependent manner determined using high fat Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Xie Junting , Hou Xiaoning , He Wanshi , Xiao Jie , Cao Yong , Liu Xiaojuan
Published: July 2023

This paper evaluated whether the anti-obesity effect of astaxanthin in Caenorhabditis elegans is related to sbp-1/mdt-15, nuclear hormone and IIS pathway.
Selective electro-reforming of waste polyethylene terephthalate-derived ethylene glycol into C2 chemicals with long-term stability
Authors: Wang Yuxiang , Liu Kesheng , Liu Fulai , Liu Chuxuan , Shi Rui , Chen Yong
Published: July 2023

We present an approach based on segregation-less Pd1Ag1 alloy nanoparticles (NPs) for the electro-reforming of waste PET into glycolate C2 products with high selectivity (97%) and long-term stability (>500 h).
An efficient, green, and residual oxidant-free wastewater treatment technique enabled by coupling a dual-cathode heterogeneous electro-Fenton process and UV radiation in tandem
Authors: Cui Lele , Sun Mingming , Zhang Zhenghua
Published: July 2023

We present a green and robust wastewater treatment process that can eliminate the risk of oxidant residue while improving the decontamination efficiency by coupling dual-cathode heterogeneous electro-Fenton and UV radiation in tandem.
Closed-loop recycling of lignin-based sustainable polymers with an all-hydrocarbon backbone
Authors: Hu Yuan , Ran Qiyi , Wei Siping , Wang Chengcheng , Wu Zhijing , Xu Enhua , Luo Zhenyang , Jia Puyou , Sha Ye
Published: July 2023

Recyclable lignin-based polymers with an all-hydrocarbon backbone showing excellent thermal stability and mechanical properties are reported. These polyolefins can be depolymerized back to pristine monomers quantitatively under mild conditions.
Steric and dispersion effect of chiral diphosphine ligand on copper-catalyzed enantioselective incorporation of CO2with styrene: a computational study
Authors: Li Weiyi , Li Cai-Qin , Leng Geng
Published: July 2023

The π-facial selectivity in 1,2-hydrocuopration step is mainly controlled by ligand–substrate steric repulsion, while stereoselectivity of CO2insertion into the Cu–C bond is primarily determined by ligand–CO2dispersion stabilizing interactions.
Triazole derivatives of guttiferone-A inhibit the proliferation of HepG2 cells by modulating MAPK/ERK signaling and expression profiles of regulators of G1/S transition
Authors: Rodrigues Dayana Alves , de Sousa Bianca Lana , Pressete Carolina Girotto , Silva Júnio Gonçalves , Zavan Bruno , Caixeta Ester Siqueira , Demuner Antônio Jacinto , Pilau Eduardo , Silva Evandro , Ionta Marisa , dos Santos Marcelo Henrique
Published: July 2023

Triazole derivative of guttiferone-A modulates expression of regulators of the cell cycle in HepG2 cells.
Effect of ortho-substitution on persulfate-mediated decarboxylation and functionalization of arylacetic acids
Authors: Laha Joydev K. , Gulati Upma , Saima
Published: July 2023

The effect of different ortho-substituted functionalities on persulfate-mediated decarboxylation and functionalization of arylacetic acids and applications to the synthesis of a variety of heterocycles have been reported.
Scalemic natural products
Authors: Mazzotta Sarah , Rositano Vincenzo , Senaldi Luca , Bernardi Anna , Allegrini Pietro , Appendino Giovanni
Published: July 2023

In natural products, a low optical purity is not generally associated with a sloppy enzymatic activity, but rather with the co-expression of antipodal enzymes/directing proteins or, alternatively, with erosion by enzymatic or spontaneous reactions.
A multifunctional molecular ferroelectric with a high Curie temperature and electrical–thermal double-switch coexistence: (C8H14NO)[FeCl4]
Authors: Wang Fang-Xin , Tang Yun-Zhi , Tan Yu-Hui , Zhao Yi-Ran , Wang Jia-Ying , Li Yu-Kong , Zhang Hao , Ying Ting-Ting , Wan Ming-Yang
Published: July 2023

We report a new multifunctional organic-inorganic hybrid ferroelectric (C8H14NO)[FeCl4]. It has a high Curie temperature and clear ferroelectric domains.
Large-pore mesoporous silica: template design, thin film preparation and biomolecule infiltration
Authors: Alberti Sebastián , Schmidt Sonja , Hageneder Simone , Angelomé Paula C. , Soler-lllia Galo J. A. A. , Vana Philipp , Dostalek Jakub , Azzaroni Omar , Knoll Wolfgang
Published: July 2023

New block co-polymer enable wide pore structures, suitable for biomolecule infiltration. These new porous thin films were compared to standard Pluronic based mesoporous layers, both, steric and charge effects on inflitration were assessed.
Modular and selective synthesis of pyrazolo-azepino-centred polycyclic aromatic and non-aromatic architectures
Authors: Chen Ting , Ma Jin-Tian , Chen Xiang-Long , Zhou You , Yu Zhi-Cheng , Lei Shuang-Gui , Wu Yan-Dong , Xiang Jia-Chen , Wu An-Xin
Published: July 2023

The pyrazolo-azepino-centred polyheterocyclic fused system is a privileged scaffold, but it lacks an effective synthetic approach, with modular synthesis being even more scarce.
Conformationally confined three-armed supramolecular folding for boosting near-infrared biological imaging
Authors: Wang Hui-Juan , Zheng Meng-Meng , Xing Wen-Wen , Li Yong-Xue , Wang Yao-Yao , Zhu Hongjie , Zhang Ying-Ming , Yu Qilin , Liu Yu
Published: July 2023

A conformation confined NIR photoluminescent supramolecular foldamer was constructed and used for lysosome-targeted imaging and real-timein vivoimaging of intact animals.
Pd nanocatalysts adsorbed onto silica nanoparticle coated indium tin oxide: a reusable nanozyme for glucose detection
Authors: Chavalala Ridge , Mashazi Philani
Published: July 2023

Nanozymes based on the chemisorption of PdNPs nanocatalysts onto silica nanoparticles modified ITO for the colorimetric detection of glucose.
Correction: A polyhydroxyalkanoate synthesised by halophilic archaeon Natrialba swarupiae
Authors: Rodge Seema Prabhudev , Dhanavade Maruti Jayram , Chandrakant Kajale Swapnil , Patil Niranjan Prakashrao
Published: July 2023

Correction for ‘A polyhydroxyalkanoate synthesised by halophilic archaeon Natrialba swarupiae’ by Seema Prabhudev Rodge et al., Environ. Sci.: Adv., 2023, 2, 990–1000, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3VA00091E.
COSMOGLOBE DR1 results
Authors: Eskilt J. R. , Watts D. J. , Aurlien R. , Basyrov A. , Bersanelli M. , Brilenkov M. , Colombo L. P. L. , Eriksen H. K. , Fornazier K. S. F. , Franceschet C. , Fuskeland U. , Galloway M. , Gjerløw E. , Hensley B. , Hergt L. T. , Herman D. , Ihle H. T. , Lee K. , Lunde J. G. S. , Nerval S. K. , Paradiso S. , Patel S. K. , Rahman F. , Regnier M. , San M. , Sanyal S. , Stutzer N.-O. , Thommesen H. , Verma A. , Wehus I. K. , Zhou Y.
Published: July 2023

Cosmic birefringence is a parity-violating effect that might have rotated the plane of the linearly polarized light of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) by an angle β since its emission. This angle has recently been measured to be nonzero at a statistical significance of 3.6σ in the official Planck PR4 and 9-year WMAP data. In this work, we constrain β using the reprocessed BEYONDPLANCK LFI and COSMOGLOBE DR1 WMAP polarization maps. These novel maps have both lower systematic residuals and a more complete error description than the corresponding official products. Foreground EB correlations could bias measurements of β, and while thermal dust EB emission has been argued to be statistically nonzero, no evidence for synchrotron EB power has been reported. Unlike the dust-dominated Planck HFI maps, the majority of the LFI and WMAP polarization maps are instead dominated by synchrotron emission. Simultaneously constraining β and the polarization miscalibration angle, α, of each channel, we find a best-fit value of β = 0.35° ±0.70° with LFI and WMAP data only. When including the Planck HFI PR4 maps, but fitting β separately for dust-dominated, β> 70 GHz, and synchrotron-dominated channels, β≤70 GHz, we find β≤70 GHz = 0.53° ±0.28°. This differs from zero with a statistical significance of 1.9σ, and the main contribution to this value comes from the LFI 70 GHz channel. While the statistical significances of these results are low on their own, the measurement derived from the LFI and WMAP synchrotron-dominated maps agrees with the previously reported HFI-dominated constraints, despite the very different astrophysical and instrumental systematics involved in all these experiments.
Digitalization: Advantage or disadvantage in the issue of preserving the languages of minority ethnic groups (on the example of the Abaza language)
Authors: Karmova Mariana , Khachmafova Zaineta , Khabekirova Zarema , Khachetsukova Zarema , Shkhumishkhova Asiyat
Published: July 2023

The article presents some reflections on the changes caused by the use of digital technologies in modern Abaza society. An analysis of cultural changes due to the rapid spread of modern communication technologies in the globalized context of modern Abaza society is carried out. The digital revolution provides us with new opportunities for innovation, creativity and development, and increased access to knowledge and information provides previously unknown opportunities for people and communities, opening up new horizons for us. In this regard, the article discusses the benefits of using information technology in the era of mass digitalization of society. Rapid changes in cultural demographics, technology, education and the impact of globalization and multiculturalism call for a reassessment of the processes that tend to isolate modern life from its heritage, i.e. cultural distancing. The essence of the argument is that the preservation of the intangible heritage, namely the language, is associated with the center of the formation of identity and the ethnos as a whole.
Frame Modeling of The Linguocultural Concept “Religion”
Authors: Tasueva S. I. , Zekieva P.M. , Arsaliyeva E.Kh.
Published: July 2023

The article analyzes the concept “religion” as a unit of knowledge that allows verbally expressing the national and cultural specificity of the language, and also defines this concept as a category of universal human values. The difference between the concept and the concept is indicated, where the concept is formed against the background of experience, as well as on the cognition and logical understanding of reality, and the concepts are designated as real phenomena contained in the general symbolic expression and lexical definitions of objects. The concept is presented in the form of an extensive formation that reflects the general nature of the surrounding reality, which contains the characteristics and values of society. The aim of the work is to analyze the manifestation at the contextual level of the linguocultural concept “religion / religion” in English and Russian. To consider the concept, frame modeling was used as the most universal model that helps to reveal the essence of the concept under consideration. According to this analysis, it was indicated that the structure of the concept is multifaceted and includes several meaningful frames.
The Use of Information and Communication Technologies in the Environmental Education of Primary Schoolchildren
Authors: Minazova Venera , Israilova Satsita , Minazova Zarema
Published: July 2023

The article deals with the actual problem of environmental education and upbringing of children of primary school age. The results of a study conducted with the aim of studying the influence of information and communication technologies on the effective assimilation of knowledge about the world around by younger students, the education of respect for nature are presented. In the course of the pedagogical experiment, the hypothesis was tested that the use of various elements of information and communication technologies in the lessons of knowledge of the surrounding world will contribute to a better assimilation of natural history knowledge, skills and abilities and the formation of qualities of respect for nature in younger students. The results of testing conducted in the experimental and control groups at the ascertaining stage showed: there are certain gaps in the natural history knowledge of students; the degree of their interest in the subject “World around” is not high enough. The results of the questioning of teachers showed that information and communication technologies are rarely used at the lessons of knowledge of the surrounding world in the third grade.
Development of Small and Medium-Sized Businesses Through Technology Transfer, Innovation Strategy and Network
Authors: Yandarbieva Louise , Gornostaeva Zhanna , Drofa Elena
Published: July 2023

In this article, the authors have identified the process of technology transfer development, identified the most promising areas for the development of small and medium-sized innovative businesses. In recent years, understanding the combination of technology transfer and innovation strategy has become a key element in ensuring the development and growth of SMEs, as it has expanded their opportunities to be part of networks and facilitated their access to international markets. The authors of the article examined the basic concepts on this topic, analyzed the experience of foreign countries in terms of technology transfer, and also revealed the main problems that are an obstacle to the implementation of an innovation strategy. It is concluded that without effective cooperation and the formation of an innovative infrastructure supporting small and medium-sized enterprises, the activation of the technology transfer process is impossible, and small and medium-sized enterprises can balance their limited resources with careful participation in networks.
Features of the Introduction of the Digital Currency of Central Banks
Authors: Khasanova S. S. , Delmikhanova Kh. A. , Bayrakova A. A.
Published: July 2023

Due to the rapid development of network technologies and the digital economy, the public is interested in the convenience of retail payments. The demand for simplicity, security, versatility and privacy is growing day by day. Many countries, central banks or monetary policy authorities in countries and regions are closely monitoring the achievements in the development of financial technologies and, in these conditions, the digital currency is moving from theory to reality. Innovative forms of private digital money are emerging in response to changing needs that are changing the way we pay and the payment landscape more broadly. In an attempt to defend sovereignty, many countries, including Russia, are actively developing their own digital currencies, the issuers of which will be central banks. In these conditions, there is a need to study the main features of the introduction of digital currency by central banks, the advantages of the introduction and its disadvantages. This article evaluates and analyzes the consequences of the introduction of digital currency by central banks, identifies the key problems of their functioning, and develops possible solutions to these problems.
The Development of Creative Industries as a Promising Tool for Popularizing the Culture of the Peoples of the Khanty and Mansi in the Younger Generation
Authors: Ladyzhenskaya Tatiana , Otinova Ksenia , Umarova Amala
Published: July 2023

The article addresses the issues of preserving and popularizing the culture of the Khanty and Mansi peoples through the development of creative industries. An analysis is made of organizations engaged in traditional economic activities and the number of employees in the field of small and medium-sized businesses, including individual entrepreneurs and self-employed in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug Yugra. In addition, this article discusses the experience of implementing a student satrap affecting both the area of popularization of the culture of the peoples of the Khanty and Mansi, and the area of development of creative industries.
Noether Theorem for Fractional Singular Systems
Authors: SONG Chuanjing , ZHAI Xianghua
Published: July 2023

Noether theorems for two fractional singular systems are discussed. One system involves mixed integer and Caputo fractional derivatives, and the other involves only Caputo fractional derivatives. Firstly, the fractional primary constraints and the fractional constrained Hamilton equations are given. Then, the fractional Noether theorems of the two fractional singular systems are established, including the fractional Noether identities, the fractional Noether quasi-identities and the fractional conserved quantities. Finally, the results obtained are illustrated by two examples.
Reestablishment of the Smile after Hypoglossal–Facial Nerve Transfer: What Can We Learn?
Authors: Kleijwegt M.C. , Wever C. , Hensen E.F. , Jansen J.C. , Koot R.W. , Malessy M.J.A.
Published: July 2023

Objective The aim of this study was to assess the ability to smile following a hypoglossal–facial nerve transfer (N12–N7).

Design This is a retrospective chart review.

Setting National tertiary referral center for skull base pathology.

Participants Seventeen patients.

Main Outcome Measures The ability to smile following an N12–N7 transfer was assessed by five medical doctors on photographs of the whole face and frontal, orbital, and oral segments. The (segmented) photographs were scored for the symmetry, asymmetry, and correct or incorrect assessment of the affected side.

Results Seventeen patients were analyzed by 5 assessors providing 85 assessments. The whole face at rest was judged symmetrical in 26% of the cases and mildly asymmetrical in 56%. Frontal, orbital, and oral segments were symmetrical in 63, 20, and 35%, respectively. The affected side was correctly identified in 76%. When smiling, the whole face was symmetrical in 6% and mildly asymmetric in 59%. The affected side was correctly identified in 94%. The frontal, orbital, and oral segments during smiling were symmetrical in 67, 15, and 6%, respectively. The affected side of the frontal, orbital, and buccal facial segments during smiling was correctly identified in 89, 89, and 96%, respectively. Interobserver variability with Fleiss' kappa analysis showed that the strength of the agreement during smile of the total face was good (0.771)

Conclusion Following an N12–N7 transfer, a good facial symmetry at rest can be achieved. During smiling, almost all patients showed asymmetry of the face, which was predominantly determined by the orbital and oral segments. To improve the ability to smile after an N12–N7 transfer, additional procedures are needed.
Thalamic Gangliocytoma in a Pediatric Patient—An Incidental Diagnosis
Authors: Oyuela-Mancera Martha E. , Maturana Jennifer R. , Rodriguez Laura C. , Perez-Acosta Juan J. , Rodado-Mieles César E. , Bastidas Nicolás
Published: July 2023

Gangliogliomas and gangliocytomas are ganglion cell tumors that arise from the neuroepithelium. The most marked difference between both tumors is that gangliogliomas have a neoplastic glial component. At the same time, gangliocytomas comprise mature dysplastic ganglion cells with no neoplastic glial component. A 4-year-old male patient, a product of third gestation, was admitted to the emergency department after presenting obstructive bronchial symptoms secondary to viral infection with bacterial coinfection; during this condition, he accidentally fell from the crib (1-m high), with subsequent mild cranioencephalic trauma. A noncontrast cranial computed tomography showed a solid mass in the right thalamus and generated basal ganglion edema. A gangliocytoma grade II was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging and histopathological result. Our unique case demonstrates an atypical location not previously reported in the pediatric population.
Trapeziectomy versus Maïa Prosthesis in Trapeziometacarpal Osteoarthritis
Authors: Windhofer Christian M. , Neureiter Johann , Schauer Josef , Zimmermann Georg , Hirnsperger Christoph
Published: July 2023

Background Osteoarthritis at the base of the thumb is the most frequent osteoarthritis of the hand. Trapeziectomy in a broad variety of surgical methods have been proposed to achieve pain reduction and improvement of thumb function. A well-known disadvantage is the long recovery time. Arthroplasty of the thumb carpometacarpal joint is a competing new method for this indication with different revision and complication rates reported.

Purposes The aim of this study is to assess whether there are significant differences in outcome during the first 12 months and time return to work after either, implant of a Maïa joint prosthesis, or trapeziectomy with tendon interposition after Weilby.

Patients and Methods This clinical follow-up study compares the efficacy of total basal joint replacement using the Maïa prosthesis with tendon interposition arthroplasty in 59 thumbs. Clinical, functional, and radiological results at preoperative, 3-, 6-, and 12-month postoperative are presented.

Results We found a significant shorter return to work in the prosthesis group with 4.5 compared with 8.6 weeks. In addition to a significant difference in pain reduction with a better Mayo wrist score in the Maïa group after 3 months. The scores are closer after 6 months and nearly match after 12 months. Measurement of the pinch grip showed a parallel course. A radiological loosening of the cup in two patients was detected after 12 months.

Conclusion Implantation of Maïa prosthesis enables a significant shorter recovery but is associated with the risk of loosening and higher costs.

Level of Evidence Level IV, case–control study.