bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INVESTIGATION OF THE EARLY IRON AGE MOUNDS IN THE BASIN OF THE ROS RIVER
Authors: Romanyuk V. V. , Grechko D. S. , Mogylov O. D.
Published: March 2020

The paper is devoted to the publication of materials of two early Iron Age burial mounds in Porossya on the territory of the Dnieper Right Bank Forest-Steppe. Monuments were located near the Lysa Gora natural boundary and the village Novoselytsya near Tarascha. Small barrows with a height about 0.5—0.65 m and a diameter near 10—14 m contained burials in rectangular graves with a small entrances. Above on them the special ground areas were constructed, then they were covered with a mound. The burial ceremony could be either incomplete cremation on the site of the mound, or the secondary burial of burned bones. Complexes can be dated by the pre-Scythian time or the beginning of the early Scythian period, and belong to the local settled population.
PHANTOM SCYTHIANS MOUND NEAR THE SUMY CITY
Authors: Loginova E. Ju.
Published: March 2020

In 1926 collection of items that allegedly were founded in a mound near the Sumy city of Kharkov province was transferred to the State Hermitage museum from the storehouse of antiquities of the State Academy for the History of Material Culture. According to the information given in the museums inventory book, this mound was excavated by N. E. Makarenko in 1915. However we couldn’t find any documents confirming this research. Even if the mound near the Sumy city existed, details of its structure as well as circumstances of the items discovery are still unknown. The most of peculiar interest items in the Hermitage collection are numerous iron parts of two Scythian-type wagons. In this article we have proposed the reconstruction of the wheels of these wagons that based in the analysis of the items. For some parts of wagons we have found analogies in the Scythian mounds in the Dnieper and the Kuban areas. At the same time, in the Hermitage collection there are Sindo-Meotian type swords and Meotian pottery of the IV century BC. Considering this fact, we have reviewed an alternative version of the origin of wagons parts. Some indirect signs allow us to correlate items from a mound near the Sumy city with the famous Elizabethan burial mounds. This fact is confirmed also by the comparison items from Hermitage collection with archive documents of excavations of the Elizabethan burial ground, in particular, with the photo of the wheels that were founded in the mound, excavated in 1915.
METHODS OF NATURAL SCIENCES IN THE STUDY OF ANCIENT CERAMICS (Transition Time from the Bronze Epoch to the Early Age. South Western Siberian Plain)
Authors: Molodin V. I. , Mylnikova L. N.
Published: March 2020

The article publishes the results of studying the molding masses and the quality of firing ceramic vessels of the Linevo 1 site (transition time from the Bronze Age to the Early Iron Age). The research was carried out using the methods of natural sciences: petrographic, X-ray phase and thermal. Five groups of ceramics were identified in the ceramic complex of the site. The second — Late Irmenskaya culture is a continuation development of the autochthonous — Irmenskaya. Three others: Molchanovskaya, Samodelkinskaya and with features of the early Iron Age — are imported. Within the framework of one site Linevo 1, there were recorded the existence of two traditions of making molding masses: chamotte and granitoid. The second tradition has been singled out both for the Molchanovskaya ceramic group and for the Samodelkino group but they differ in the composition of rock fragments. It was calculated that most of the collection is made up of «transitional» forms, «forms of imitation». There are no identical or closely related products in terms of morphological features in the collection. Syncretism of the complex under consideration is evidence of the complex ethno-cultural composition of the inhabitants of the ancient settlement. It can be clearly traced as a local autochthonous component that grows on the Irmenskaya culture basis and the northern taiga, coming to the forest-steppe most likely from the southern taiga of the Ob River. Obviously the fifth group of ceramics is foreign. As for the Linevo settlement complex it generally confirms the tendency of the joint existence of various ceramic traditions of the forest-steppe, steppe and taiga circle of cultures already noted for the cultures of the transitional time of the West Siberian forest-steppe with the predominance of the Irmenskaya culture — Late Irmenskaya culture component. All the results obtained are objective in nature, since they are based not on visual definitions, but on petrographic, X-ray phase, thermal methods and mathematical miscalculations.
ON THE EARLY IRON AGE OF JETYSU: RESULTS OF SOME DATA SYSTEMATIZATION
Authors: Jumabekova G. S. , Bazarbayeva G. A.
Published: March 2020

Today a big amount of data on the culture of the early Iron Age population of Jetysu has been gathered. This chronological horizon is represented by various monuments — settlements, mounds, petroglyphs, treasures and accidental finds. Systematic studies of the early Iron Age monuments of the region are connected with the name of K. A. Akishev.

Jetysu («Seven Rivers» from Kazakh «jety» — «seven», «su» — «water») is a vast region in the historical and cultural aspect, located in the southeast of Kazakhstan. Jetysu is surrounded by steppes and foothills of Saryarka, Kazakh Altay, Central Asia and Eastern Turkestan.

In the ancient times Jetysu was one of political, administrative and religious centers of the early states of the Scythian-Saka time. This is vividly evidenced by numerous burial mounds, including so-called royal burial mounds as well as settlements.

Some astonishing similarity of a number of elite burial elements of the steppe belt of Eurasia before 1 thousand BC can be explained by the fact that the elitist character of the burials most clearly reflects the main features of the mytho-ritual complex, which s clearly expressed in the funeral-memorial ritual.

Further studies of the early nomadic monuments of Jetysu — the most important region, without archaeological materials of which it is impossible to solve the problems of Scythian culture development, are topical.
TUL-seurojen muuttuvat tulkinnat
Authors: Itkonen Hannu , Matilainen Pertti , Salmikangas Anna-Katriina
Published: March 2020

The main aim of the study is to investigate the current role and future perspectives of the sports clubs of the Finnish Workers Sport Federation (Suomen Työväen Urheiluliitto, TUL) by two online surveys made in 2005 and 2018. The response rates were 23 % and 25 % (n=257 & n=200) of the clubs. According to the surveys, the working-class ideology is being replaced by an ideology of well-being, which signifies physical activity, health and equality. To activate children and youth was and will be the most significant task of the clubs, which clearly points out the strategic orientation of the clubs. The main financial assets of the clubs were volunteers, and direct and indirect support from the clubs. The main threats to the clubs were decrease of volunteers, members and financial support, and increase of the fees of the facilities. The close connection between the clubs and public sector is important for the clubs, and the clubs would like to develop this cooperation further. For the success of the main organization of the clubs, the TUL, the cooperation between the national, regional and local levels is needed, and specific attention has to been given to grass root level actors, the sport clubs.
"Kaikkein tärkeimpiä etuja..." - Havaintoja työväenliikkeen suhtautumisesta oikeusavun järjestämiseen
Authors: Vasara-Aaltonen Marianne
Published: March 2020

This article examines the Finnish labour movement’s attitudes towards legal aid in the beginning of the 20th century. Internationally, industrialisation and urbanisation in the 19th century gave new momentum to reorganising legal aid. In Finland, legal aid was first established in the 1880s when Helsinki appointed an advocate for the poor. Around the turn of the century, workers’ newspapers wrote critically about the poors’ advocates who were employed by the municipalities and who they felt did not always treat workers appropriately. Papers also gave examples from other countries where workers’ associations had organised legal aid for their members. In the 1910s, the Social Democratic Party and the Finnish Trade Union Federation founded a workers’ law office providing legal aid free of charge. In addition, some private law firms were established calling themselves “workers’ law firms”. The developments of the early 20th century show how the workers’ movement actively tried to take the legal aid into its own hands.
Schizaraeus fouquei sp. nov., the first record of Schizaraeus from Peru (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Stenosini)
Authors: Giraldo-Mendoza Alfredo E. , Flores Gustavo E.
Published: March 2020

A new species of Stenosini (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Pimeliinae), Schizaraeus fouquei sp. nov. is described from southern Andes of Peru: Apurímac and Cusco regions. Prior to this study, Schizaraeus Kulzer, 1955 was monotypic with one species, S. acuticosta Kulzer, 1955 from Catamarca Province in Argentina. We present habitus photographs of both species, scanning electron micrographs of external morphology of the new species, a distribution map, and a comparison of the characters of both species of the genus.
Facebook as a Tool for Learning L2 German
Authors: Harting Axel
Published: March 2020

In this paper the results of an online survey regarding the usefulness of Facebook for L2 learning will be presented. The survey was carried out with 118 L2 German learners in Japan. The results suggest that for most participants, Facebook is a suitable tool for improving their L2 skills because it enables them to establish or to maintain social contacts with native speakers and to have authentic opportunities to express themselves in the L2. The participants mentioned three particularly effective activities afforded by the social network: (a) reading L2 posts on the newsfeed, (b) writing one’s own posts and commenting on friends’ posts, as well as (c) using the Messenger app for writing private messages in the L2. Most of the survey’s participants noted an improvement of their reading and writing skills as well as an increase of their vocabulary and cultural understanding.

本稿は、第二外国語習得に対するFacebookの有用性に関するオンライン調査の結果を考察するものである。この調査は、第二外国語としてドイツ語を学ぶ118名の日本人に対して実施された。調査結果から、参加者の大多数にとって、Facebookは学習言語を上達させることに適したツールであるということがわかる。これは、Facebookによって学習者が母語話者と社会的な関係を構築または維持し、学習言語で考えを述べる本当の機会を持つことが可能になるからである。参加者が挙げた、とりわけ効果的であった活動は、学習言語での投稿を読むこと、自分自身で書くこと、友人の投稿にコメントをすること、学習言語でプライベートメッセージを書くためにMessengerを使用することであった。調査参加者においては、読解と作文の技能、語彙、文化的理解の向上が注目に値する。
Formulaic Sequence Acquisition in Academic Writing: Examining Different Interventions
Authors: Murray Lewis
Published: March 2020

For L2 learners, successful acquisition of formulaic sequences (FSs) is recognised as being valuable for academic writing. Studies suggest that cued output exercises requiring an evaluation effort may prove beneficial. The aim of this study was to examine the value of such exercises. Four classes in a Japanese university EAP programme were each assigned a different intervention over a 4-week period. Each intervention required a different degree of involvement with selected target FSs. Writing samples collected from participants before the intervention established no significant difference in target FS use between the groups. Postintervention data, drawn from the difference in individual participant’s pre- and posttest target FS use, revealed significantly increased use only from the group assigned exercises requiring the greatest involvement, suggesting that such exercises may be important for acquisition. These findings are discussed in relation to other studies concerning cued output and evaluation effort.

第二言語学習者のアカデミック・ライティング学習には、定型表現の習得が有益とされる。判断負荷のかかる手がかり提示型課題の効果を示唆した研究もある。そこで本研究は、そうした練習課題の有効性を検証するため、日本の大学のEAPコースで4週間にわたり、4つの通常授業クラスで各々異なる介入活動を行なった。各介入は、特定の定型表現に対し異なる度合いの関与を必用とした。介入前の授業参加者によるライティング・サンプルにおいては、グループ間の有意差は認められなかったが、介入後のデータでは、一つのグループでのみ、定型表現の使用に大幅な増加が認められた。ここからは、このグループの参加者が行なった練習問題に、より多くの判断作業量が含まれていたことが、定型表現の習得のために重要であった、という可能性が示唆される。こうした調査結果について、手がかり提示型課題と判断作業の問題を扱った他の研究との関係から、考察を行なった。
Task-based Methods and iPad Materials for Active Learning
Authors: Kato Kazumi
Published: March 2020

When Japanese students try task-based group work in their classes, they often rely on their first language. To solve this problem, I asked UK university students to do the same task-based group work, recorded their interactions, and created a model video. Using the video materials, I designed a methodology for teaching group work. The unique points of the method are as follows: First, the students in Japan recorded their own task-based group work with iPads, analyzed it, and compared it to the model video. Second, the students wrote down Japanese expressions they would like to say in English during the discussion and the teacher created an input activity according to their needs. Finally, the students tried the same task with different group members and gave feedback on their communication skills. This paper introduces model video materials and methodology and presents potential implications for future study.

日本人英語学習者が英語でグループ活動を行う際、いまだ日本語が飛び交う傾向が多く、タスク活動の後のプレゼンテーションのみ英語を使用する場合が多い。その問題を解決するため、著者はイギリスの大学にてグループ活動の様子を録画しモデルビデオを作成した。さらにそのビデオ教材を利用してグループ活動のための指導法を作成した。この指導法の特徴は、日本人学習者が自身のグループ活動の様子を動画に録画しモデルビデオと比較分析しフィードバックができること、日本人英語学習者がグループ活動中に「言いたかった英語表現」を提出し、教師が英訳して配布することによって学生のニーズに応えていること、学生が異なるグループのメンバーで再度同じグループ活動を行い、書き起こしをしてフィードバックをしていることである。本稿では、日本人学習者が英語で円滑にグループ活動を行うための教材と教授法を紹介し、英語による円滑なグループ活動を目指す。
Oligomeric ricinoleic acid preparation promoted by an efficient and recoverable Brønsted acidic ionic liquid
Authors: You Fei , He Xing , Gao Song , Li Hong-Ru , He Liang-Nian
Published: March 2020

Raw material from biomass and green preparation processes are the two key features for the development of green products. As a bio-lubricant in metalworking fluids, estolides of ricinoleic acid are considered as the promising substitute to mineral oil with a favorable viscosity and viscosity index. Thus, an efficient and sustainable synthesis protocol is urgently needed to make the product really green. In this work, an environment-friendly Brønsted acidic ionic liquid (IL) 1-butanesulfonic acid diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene dihydrogen phosphate ([HSO3-BDBU]H2PO4) was developed as the efficient catalyst for the production of oligomeric ricinoleic acid from ricinoleic acid under solvent-free conditions. The reaction parameters containing reaction temperature, vacuum degree, amount of catalyst and reaction time were optimized and it was found that the reaction under the conditions of 190 °C and 50 kPa with 15 wt % of the [HSO3-BDBU]H2PO4 related to ricinoleic acid can afford a qualified product with an acid value of 51 mg KOH/g (which corresponds to the oligomerization degree of 4) after 6 h. Furthermore, the acid value of the product can be adjusted by regulating the reaction time, implying this protocol can serve as a versatile method to prepare the products with different oligomerization degree and different applications. The other merit of this protocol is the facile product separation by stratification and decantation ascribed to the immiscibility of the product and catalyst at room temperature. It is also worth mentioning that the IL catalyst can be used at least for five cycles with high catalytic activity. As a result, the protocol based on the IL catalyst, i.e. [HSO3-BDBU]H2PO4 shows great potential in industrial production of oligomeric ricinoleic acid from ricinoleic acid.
SCORE SYSTEM FOR ERCP INDICATING IN EXTRAHEPATIC BILE DUCT OBSTRUCTION
Authors: Mamontov I. N.
Published: March 2020

Abstracts. Aim: to objectify indications for urgent/emergency ERCP in patients with extrahepatic biliary tract obstruction (EBTO) by using the score system

Matherials and Methods. The score is used by summing the points: hyperthermia ≥ 37.3 ° C (1 point); one of three hematological points — leukocytosis ≥ 9×109/l or stab neutrophils ≥ 7% or the ratio of the number of segmented and stab neutrophils <10 (1 point); two biochemical — serum bilirubin ≥ 70 μmol / l (1 point), hyperamylasemia (1 point); thickening of the gallbladder wall ≥ 4 mm or shrunken gallbladder (1 point); the main pancreatic duct dilatation (1 point); in the presence of a periampular tumor or signs of chronic pancreatitis, one point is subtracted (- 1 point).

The scale was tested on 171 patients with EBTO.

Results. The threshold value of the scale was ≥3 points (p <0.001). The number of points (3, ≥4) correlated with the severity of acute cholangitis and acute biliary pancreatitis (p <0.01).

Conclusions. In patients with confirmed OEDB in case of ≤2 points of the score system — urgent/emergency ERCP is not indicated; in case of ≥3 points — urgent ERCP is indicated; in case of ≥4 points emergency ERCP should be performed.
POLYNOMIAL IDENTIFICATION OF DYNAMICS OF GLYCEMIA IN GLUCOSOTOLERANT TESTING
Authors: Sokol Y. , Shapov P. , Chmykhova O. , Kulichenko V.
Published: March 2020

Abstract. The paper considers the probabilistic and statistical justification of the effectiveness of using parametric identification of glycemic dynamics models represented by second and fourth order polynomials.
INDICATORS OF HOMEOSTASIS, CENTRAL HEMODYNAMICS AND ENDOTOXEMIA IN ENTERIC INSUFFICIENCY SYNDROME IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE INTESTINAL OBSTACLE
Authors: Boyko V. V. , Lykhman V. N. , Shevchenko A. N. , Beloded E. A. , Kulik I. A. , Volchenko I. V. , Tokarev A. V. , Mishenina K. V.
Published: March 2020

Summary. The results of a comprehensive diagnosis and surgical treatment of 104 patients with acute intestinal obstruction were analyzed. An analysis of the results of a study on the diagnosis of enteric insufficiency syndrome in acute intestinal obstruction showed that violations of the clinical and laboratory parameters of homeostasis and endotoxemia are manifested with a significant delay. Only clinical and instrumental research methods allow early detection of the presence of enteric insufficiency syndrome in patients of this category and timely pathogenically substantiated correction of this syndrome.
CORRELATION RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COGNITIVE DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AND BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS (CORTISOL, C-REACTIVE PROTEIN, LIPID BLOOD SPECTRUM)
Authors: Stroienko K. , Khizhnyak A.
Published: March 2020

Introduction. Ukraine is one of the first places in Europe in terms of mortality from diseases of the circulatory system. Materials and methods.The study included 105 patients with acute myocardial infarction and cognitive impairment under the age of 60 years.  Patients were divided into three age groups: 34-40 years old, 41-50 years old, 51-60 years old, respectively.  During the study, all patients had fixed levels of cortisol (depending on gender), C-reactive protein and blood lipid spectrum (atherogenicity coefficient). We evaluated the state of cognitive impairment using neuropsychological testing - Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), a clock drawing test, the test of “remembering 10 words” by A. R. Luria.

Each group of patients was divided into 3 subgroups and 3 treatment regimens were introduced.  The first treatment regimen included quercetin.  In the second - quercetin + 2 ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxypyrimidine succinate. The third is quercetin + morpholinium 3-methyl-1,2,4-triazolin-5 thiocetam. Results. The conducted correlation analysis made it possible to obtain data and evaluate the correlation between indicators of biochemical markers (cortisol, CRP and the lipid spectrum of the blood) and cognitive impairment in patients with AMI.  It was proved that in patients treated according to scheme No. 3, in different age groups on the first day of the disease and in the dynamics of treatment, an inverse correlation was established with the level of CRP, cortisol on day 10 and cognitive impairment for this period.  An inverse correlation was also determined with the atherogenic coefficient at the end of treatment and the level of cognitive dysfunction at the initial stage. Conclusions. During the study, it was confirmed that when choosing treatment therapy, the effectiveness of antihypoxants and their influence on the course of cognitive disorders should be taken into account in order to restore cognitive functions in patients of working age with AMI.  Starting from the first day of hospitalization, it is advisable to prescribe treatment, which leads to a regression of cognitive impairment due to high pharmacological activity (treatment regimen No. 3).
PATHOMORPHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF LIVER PARENCHIMA IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE AND CHRONIC CHOLANGITIS
Authors: Maloshtan A. A. , Volchenko O. V.
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Morphological research of liver parenchima was done in a series of patients with acute and chronic cholangitis. The aim of research was determination of the hepatocytes morphological state in the various terms of illness.

All patients (32) were dispensed into 4 groups: less than 5 days, 12-14 days, 28-30 days and 10-12 days. The control group included 12 patients with choledocholithiasis that didn’t have clinical manifestation.

In the liver parenchima of patients with acute cholangitis reactive hepatitis is observed in terms of 3-5 days from the beginning of disease, maximally expressed on 12-14 days. In a period of 28-30 days the remaining of reactive hepatitis and signs of hepatic reparations are observed. For patients that operated after 1 year, there is an accumulation of bile granules in the hepatocytes with their further break and death.

It is necessary to consider the morphological state of hepatocytes at the choice of reconstructive operations concerning formed choledochus stricture, and, if allows the state of patient, with the aim of prophylaxis of irreversible cirrhotic changes in liver parenchima, to implement them as early as possible.
CLINICAL EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF OUTPATIENT TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS OF THE LOWER EXTREMITIES.
Authors: Boyko V. V. , Prasol V. A. , Oklei D. V. , Taraban I. A.
Published: March 2020

Summary. We studied the results of stationary and ambulatory surgical treatment of patients with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the lower extremities. A comparative analysis of clinical efficacy and safety of ambulatory and stationary modes of anticoagulant therapy of DVT. Based on this, marked indications for ambulatory surgical treatment of patients with DVT.
CHOOSING THE BEST METHOD OF STOPPING NASAL BLEEDING IN PATIENTS WHO ARE TAKING ANTICOAGULANTS OR DISAGGREGANTS FOR A LONG TIME
Authors: Hаryuk H. І. , Bichkоvа N. S.
Published: March 2020

Summary. Epistaxis is the most common type of bleeding in medical practice. On grounds of aggravating the number of patients who take anticoagulants and disaggregants for a long time, cases of recurrent and profuse nasal bleeding have become frequent. An experiment was performed to select the optimal method of local stop of nasal bleeding on an experimental animal model. We studied the state of the ciliated epithelium after exposure to it in various ways. For the study 5 groups of animals (toads) were set in type, 20 in each group. Consequently, an experimental study of the state of the ciliated epithelium was developed and the experiment proved the method that least affects the ciliated epithelium of the mucous membrane.
A RARE COMPLICATION OF LIVER ABSCESS. CLINICAL CASE
Authors: Klishyn A. A.
Published: March 2020

Summary. The article describes the clinical observation of a rare complication of liver abscess in a young woman, which was observed in the Dnepropetrovsk Regional Clinical Hospital. I. I. Mechnikov. For a number of reasons, liver abscess was not diagnosed for a long time due to the nature of the course of the disease, which led to the development of complications. Diagnostic searches, features of surgical treatment and postoperative management are described. The above clinical case confirms the need for timely diagnosis and treatment of liver abscesses.
THE ROLE OF UNDIFFERENTIATED DYSPLASIA OF THE CONNECTIVE TISSUE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENTEROCUTANEOUS FISTULA
Authors: Usenko O.Yu. , Voitiv Ya.Yu.
Published: March 2020

Summary. Retro- and prospective trial was based on data about 30 patients, suffering entero-colocutaneous fistula, who were treated in the Shalimov National Institute of Surgery and Transplantology during 2016-2019.  There was revealed, that the most informative phenotypical markers of undifferentiated dysplasia of the connective tissue (UDCT) in patients, with entero-colocutaneous fistula, are visceral (83,3%), vascular (70%), arrhythmic (70%) syndromes. There was founded, that direct correlation between the level of biochemical markers of the collagen biodegradation and the UDCT degree may be applied for prognostication of development and course of complications in patients, suffering entero-colocutaneous fistula. Severe degree of UDCT in the patients, entero-colocutaneous fistula, constitutes unfavorable prognostic sign and enhances the mortality by 62.5%. The presence of UDCT in the patients winh entero-colocutaneous fistula is an aggravating comorbid factor that is difficult to be treated and accompanied by high rates of lethality, which must be taken into account, choosing the adequate surgical tactics and complex pathogenetically substantiated treatment.
DIAGNOSTICS AND COMPLEX TREATMENT OF ADGHESIVE INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION
Authors: Bоrisenko V. B. , Kovalev А. М.
Published: March 2020

Summary: Develop a comprehensive program for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of intestinal adhesive obstruction.  Analyzed the results of diagnosis and treatment of 60 patients with acute adhesive intestinal obstruction. The diagnostic program included clinical, laboratory, X-ray and ultrasound diagnostics. Local barrier prevention of peritoneal adhesive disease was performed with a solution of polyethylene glycol 4000 according to the method developed by us. Conservative therapy was effective in 19 (31.7%) cases. 41 (68.3%) patients with a progression of adhesive ileus were operated. Laparoscopic adheolysis was performed in 4 (9.8%) patients. In 37 (90.2%) cases, surgical treatment was performed in the traditional method. The proposed diagnostic and treatment program with priority use of ultrasound diagnostics allows in a short time to establish a detailed diagnosis of adhesive intestinal obstruction and to determine the indications for surgical treatment. Intraoperative use of hypotonic solution polyethylene glycol 4000 allows to reliably prevent the development of peritoneal adhesive disease and adhesive obstruction.
The Death of Jaime Roldós and with my Heart in Yambo: the reaffirmation of the collective imagination based on new processes of social and political construction in Ecuador. (DOI: 10.37785 / 1001101)
Authors: Miño Puga María Fernanda
Published: March 2020

El presente artículo utiliza los horizontes de expectativas y experiencias de Jauss y Benzinger para analizar coincidencias en las representaciones de ciertos actores políticos y fuerzas del orden, presentes en Con mi corazón en Yambo y La Muerte de Jaime Roldós, en el marco de las principales teorías de cine documental relacionadas a la percepción de realidad.  El texto sugiere que estas representaciones, suscitadas a partir de un distanciamiento tanto temporal como cultural de los hechos, responden consciente o inconscientemente al discurso político de turno en las cuales se inscriben, reafirmando de esta manera el imaginario colectivo que mejor funciona para dicho cometido.
Medium Komunikasi Pariwisata Melalui Film Animasi
Authors: Moch. Djauhari  , Aulia Afniar
Published: March 2020

Film dapat mengangkat citra sebuah tujuan wisata tempat pembuatan film tersebut. Pendapatan daerah tempat tersebut menjadi meningkat. Contoh dari film laskar pelangi (2008) dari film tersebut kita juga bisa melihat paronama dari pantai Tanjung di pulau Belitung. Kemudian ada juga film di tahun 2016 masih dari film Indonesia yaitu film ada apa dengan cinta yang mengambil lokasi syuting di kota Yogyakarta seperti Ada Apa Dengan Cinta 2? film yang dapat meningkatkan kunjungan wisata dan devisa pendapatan kota Yogyakarta. Terdapat Film lain yang dapat meningkatkan devisa pendapatan daerah tetapi dengan format film animasi di tahun 2017. Film tersebut tidak lain berjudul “Coco” film animasi karya produksi Disney dan Pixar yang mengangkat salah satu tempat di negara Mexico ini berhasil merajai Box Office di Amerika Serikat dan beberapa negara di dunia. Coco yang dirilis tahun 2017 ini banyak mendapatkan pujian dari kritikus film, film iniberhasil mengumpulkan keuntungan yang fantastis. Kehebatan new media dengan segala sisi interaktifnya dan fungsi konvergensinya terus berkembang. Banyak media yang membentuk destinasi pariwisata melalui media komunikasi seperti film, iklan, buku, televisi, media online dan lain sebagainya. Menarik untuk dikaji dan dianalisa sebuah film animasi seperti COCO ini, bagaimana sebuah film menjadi medium komunikasi yang cukup efektif dalam peningkatan destinasi wisata. Dengan studi pendekatan Kuantitatif, penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis isi, yaitu metode yang digunakan untuk meriset atau menganalisis isi komunikasi secara sistematik, objektif dan kuantitatif. Analisis isi kuantitatif lebih memfokuskan pada isi komunikasi yang tampak (tersurat/manifest/nyata). Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Film COCO memberikan pesan komunikasi pariwisata khususnya di kategorial Budaya dan Adat Istiadat yang tergambar cukup jelas dan detil pada plot hingga setting dalam filmnya.
Strategi Publisitas dalam Meningkatkan Brand Awareness RS Husada Utama Surabaya
Authors: Dhindya Puspa Hidayat
Published: March 2020

RS Husada Utama adalah salah satu Rumah Sakit yang baru 11 tahun berdiri. Diresmikan pada tahun 2006, Rumah sakit yang berlokasi di Jl. Prof. Dr. Mustopo 31 – 35 Surabaya ini mendapat rekomendasi dari Dinas Kesehatan Propinsi Jawa Timur sebagai rumah sakit umum kelas B. Dengan adanya kode etik promosi pada rumah sakit dan RS Husada Utama adalah rumah sakit yang masih baru saja berdiri, membuat peneliti tertarik untuk mengetahui bagaimana cara RS Husada Utama memperkenalkan dan menginformasikan layanan kesehatan yang dimiliki oleh RS Husada Utama kepada masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi publisitas yang diterapkan oleh RS Husada Utama dalam meningkatkan brand awareness. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan melakukan wawancara mendalam (indepth interview). Strategi brand awareness yang dibentuk RS Husada Utama adalah memanfaatkan bentuk bangunan Rumah Sakit yang tinggi dan megah, kemudian fasilitas yang nyaman dan lengkap, serta beberapa program yang tidak banyak dimiliki RS lain. Hal tersebut membuat RS HU mudah diingat oleh masyarakat. Dalam penelitian ini terlihat bahwa publisitas  RS Husada Utama dalam meningkatkan brand awareness adalah dengan memberikan edukasi kesehatan kepada masyarakat melalui media massa, seminar, dan berbagai kegiatan. Strategi brand awareness yang diciptakan oleh RS Husada Utama meliputi 4 indikator yaitu recall, recognition, purchase, and consumptions.
Analisis Wacana Features “38 Tahun Menjaga Kertas Semen Titipan Pramoedya” di cnnindonesia.com
Authors: Hilda Meilisa Rinanda
Published: March 2020

Karya-karya Pramoedya Ananta Toer tak lekang oleh waktu. Usai sepeninggalnya pada 30 April 2006, bukunya masih laris di pasaran, namanya masih harum di bumi meski jasadnya telah dikebumikan. Untuk peringati satu dekade kepergiannya, CNNIndonesia.com merangkum semua perihal Pram lewat kanal fokus. Kisah-kisah Pram dituangkan pada beberapa berita. Salah satunya yang ditulis dalam berita berjudul “38 Tahun Menjaga Kertas Semen Titipan Pramoedya” karya Rizky Sekar Afrisia, wartawan CNNIndonesia.com. Berita ini bercerita tentang Hwie, kawan Pram di Pulau Buru yang menjaga naskah asli buku-buku Pram yang tertuang di kertas semen. Berbeda dengan berita lainnya, penulis berita tersebut menulisnya dengan sudut pandang Hwie yang menjadi sosok “aku”. Tak hanya itu, dalam berita juga dibumbui latar suasana, deskripsi yang kompleks, dan alur yang pas hingga membuat pembaca seolah berada dalam jalinan cerita.Paradigma yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pandangan konstruktivisme. Peneliti menggunakan paradigma ini karena pola pikir konstruktivis menekankan pada politik pemaknaan dan proses bagaimana seseorang membuat gambaran tentang realitas. Sedangkan penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan pisau bedah teknik analisis wacana milik Teun A. Van. Dijk. Dalam hal ini terdapat tiga unsur yang akan dianalisis, yakni teks, kognisi sosial dan konteks sosial. Peneliti lebih memilih analisis wacana Van Dijk lantaran selain ingin meneliti teksnya, peneliti ingin mengetahui makna serta alasan hingga proses produksi berita tersebut.Dari penjelasan singkat, dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa dalam karya berita “38 Tahun Menjaga Kertas Semen Titipan Pramoedya”, banyak makna yang ingin ditekankan oleh wartawan. Hal ini dapat ditemui dari penulisan paragraf demi paragraf yang cukup detil dan deskriptif. Misalnya saja pada elemen leksikon dengan pemilihan kosakata yang cukup merepresentasikan suasana kala itu. Tak hanya itu, berita ini juga menyisipkan latar suasana pada masa Orde Baru, pada masa itu kebebasan masih sangat dibatasi, terlebih kepada para tahanan politik yang dipenjara tanpa diadili, juga bagaimana kejam dan ketatnya perlakuan di pulau pengasingan, Buru.
Penerapan Kode Etik Jurnalistik pada Pemberitaan Pilgub Jatim di Harian Jawa Pos Edisi 1-28 Februari 2018
Authors: Rohmat Darmawan
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini berfokus pada “Penerapan Kode Etik Jurnalistik pada Pemberitaan Pilgub Jatim di Harian Jawa Pos Edisi 1- 28 Februari 2018.” Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan mendeskripsikan penerapan Kode Etik Jurnalistik di harian Jawa Pos. Serta untuk mengetahui kesesuaian pemberitaan pilgub Jatim di harian Jawa Pos dengan kode etik jurnalistik yang sudah terlampir dalam SK Dewan Pers No. 03/SK-DP/III/2006.  Setiap berita yang ditayangkan sudah seharusnya netral dan berimbang. Terlebih lagi di Jatim saat pemilihan gubernur ada dua pasangan calon. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis isi. Ada tiga konsep yang tercakup di dalam analisis isi. Pertama, analisis ini bersifat sistematis. Hal ini berarti isi yang akan dianalisis dipilih menurut aturan-aturan yang ditetapkan secara implisit, misalnya; cara penentuan sampel. Kedua, analisis isi bersifat obyektif. Ketiga, analisis isi bersifat kuantitatif. Ada lima tujuan analisis isi, yaitu; (Eriyanto,2011 : 32-42) Pertama, menggambarkan karakteristik dari pesan. Kedua, menggambarkan secara detail isi (content). Ketiga, melihat pesan pada khalayak yang berbeda. Keempat, melihat pesan dari komunikator yang berbeda. Kelima, menarik kesimpulan penyebab dari suatu pesan analisis isi tak pernah dijadikan dasar untuk membuat pernyataan tentang efek isi kepada audience. Peneliti juga menganalisis setiap elemen teks yang diproduksi penulis berita. Pada pemberitaan Pilgub Jatim di harian Jawa Pos, terkadang dimasukkan ke dalam rubrik Politika. Tergantung dari skala keterpengaruhan berita saat itu. Jika berdampak pada masyarakat se Indonesia maka dimuat dalam rubrik politika nasional. Setelah di analisa, pemberitaan pilgub jatim di harian Jawa Pos ditemukan baik pada rubrik Politika maupun halaman utama ada sejumlah edisi melanggar Kode Etik Jurnalistik, khususnya pasal 1,2 dan 8.  Jawa Pos menjadikan Pemberitaan Pilgub Jatim sebagai media edukasi masyarakat dalam kontestasi politik di Jawa Timur. Sehingga diharuskan untuk bisa netral dan sesuai dengan perturan kode etik jurnalistik yang ditentukan dewan pers. Pasal 1 Wartawan Indonesia bersikap independen, menghasilkan berita yang akurat, berimbang, dan tidak beritikad buruk.
Media Sosial dan Antitesis Jurnalisme
Authors: Surya Abadi Hidayat
Published: March 2020

Perkembangan internet memasuki era baru beberapa dekade terakhir, melalui perkembangan media sosial. Karakternya yang luas tanpa batas ruang dan waktu, membuatnya mudah diakses dan memberi pengaruh kepada siapa saja. Di satu sisi, kondisi ini sangat bagus. Namun di sisi lain, perkembangan berita hoax semakin gencar dilakukan orang-orang tak bertanggung jawab. Disinilah peran media massa dengan dasar dan kaidah jurnalismenya, dituntut mengawal arus informasi yang berkembang di masyarakat. Berbagai kaidah jurnalistik, termasuk diantaranya verifikasi, harus bisa menjadi senjata menangkal berita hoax. Agar semangat jurnalisme yang berpegang teguh kepada kebenaran dan berfokus kepada pengembangan masyarakat, bisa tetap terjaga.
COMPARISON OF WALKABILITY IN DIFFERENT URBAN DISTRICTS USING SPACE SYNTAX
Authors: Roozkhosh Farnoosh , Molavi Mehrnaz , Salaripour Aliakbar
Published: March 2020

The expansion of cities and increasing car traffic have brought problems such as increased greenhouse emission, noise pollution, and access problems that makes sustainable urban development one of the most significant concerns of urban governors. Obviously, the utilization of public transportation and walkability is one of the highly significant aspects of sustainable development. In an effort for the recognition of urban districts of Bojnourd, the current article compares the extent of walkability in each district. To investigate the walkability index using the opinions of experts and scholars 4 criteria and 22 sub-criteria were taken into consideration. In this regard, the ANP approach was also applied to improve decision making and grading the importance of criteria; districts were finally graded using the TOPSIS model concerning walkability. In the present study as an applied one, field surveys, questionnaires, library studies, and documents were the data collection tools. The findings revealed that the old district (central), have the highest walkability potential in comparison to medial, and the new development districts respectively. Since the old district has the highest amount of mixed land uses, passage connectivity, passage integration, public transport, and so forth, it can be concluded that walkability is closely related to the mentioned factors.
Trans-Neptunian Objects Found in the First Four Years of the Dark Energy Survey
Authors: Bernardinelli Pedro H. , Bernstein Gary M. , Sako Masao , Liu Tongtian , Saunders William R. , Khain Tali , Lin Hsing Wen , Gerdes David W. , Brout Dillon , Adams Fred C. , Belyakov Matthew , Somasundaram Aditya Inada , Sharma Lakshay , Locke Jennifer , Franson Kyle , Becker Juliette C. , Napier Kevin , Markwardt Larissa , Annis James , Abbott T. M. C. , Avila S. , Brooks D. , Burke D. L. , Rosell A. Carnero , Kind M. Carrasco , Castander F. J. , Costa L. N. da , Vicente J. De , Desai S. , Diehl H. T. , Doel P. , Everett S. , Flaugher B. , García-Bellido J. , Gruen D. , Gruendl R. A. , Gschwend J. , Gutierrez G. , Hollowood D. L. , James D. J. , Johnson M. W. G. , Johnson M. D. , Krause E. , Kuropatkin N. , Maia M. A. G. , March M. , Miquel R. , Paz-Chinchón F. , Plazas A. A. , Romer A. K. , Rykoff E. S. , Sánchez C. , Sanchez E. , Scarpine V. , Serrano S. , Sevilla-Noarbe I. , Smith M. , Sobreira F. , Suchyta E. , Swanson M. E. C. , Tarle G. , Walker A. R. , Wester W. , Zhang Y. ,   (The DES Collaboration)
Published: March 2020

We present a catalog of 316 trans-Neptunian bodies (TNOs) detected from the first four seasons (“Y4” data) of the Dark Energy Survey (DES). The survey covers a contiguous 5000 deg2 of the southern sky in the grizY optical/NIR filter set, with a typical TNO in this part of the sky being targeted by 25–30 Y4 exposures. This paper focuses on the methods used to detect these objects from the ≈60,000 Y4 exposures, a process made challenging by the absence of the few-hour repeat observations employed by TNO-optimized surveys. Newly developed techniques include: transient/moving object detection by comparison of single-epoch catalogs to catalogs of “stacked” images; quantified astrometric error from atmospheric turbulence; new software for detecting TNO linkages in a temporally sparse transient catalog, and for estimating the rate of spurious linkages; use of faint stars to determine the detection efficiency versus magnitude in all exposures. Final validation of the reality of linked orbits uses a new “sub-threshold confirmation” test, wherein we demand the object be detectable in a stack of the exposures in which the orbit indicates an object should be present, but was not individually detected. This catalog contains all validated TNOs which were detected on ≥6 unique nights in the Y4 data, and is complete to r ≲ 23.3 mag with virtually no dependence on orbital properties for bound TNOs at distance 30 au < d < 2500 au. The catalog includes 245 discoveries by DES, 139 not previously published. The final DES TNO catalog is expected to yield >0.3 mag more depth, and arcs of >4 yr for nearly all detections.
Planck Galactic Cold Clumps in Two Regions: The First Quadrant and the Anticenter Direction Region
Authors: Zhang Chao , Wu Yuefang , Liu Xunchuan , Qin Sheng-li , Liu Tie , Yuan Jinghua , Li Di , Meng Fanyi , Zhang Tianwei , Tang Mengyao , Yuan Lixia , Zhou Chenlin , Esimbek Jarken , Zhou Yan , Chen Ping , Hu Runjie
Published: March 2020

Sixty-five Planck Galactic cold clumps (PGCCs) from the first quadrant (IQuad) and 39 from the anticenter direction region (ACent) were observed in 12CO, 13CO, and C18O J = 1–0 lines using the 13.7 m telescope of the Purple Mountain Observatory. All the targets were detected in all three lines, except for 12 IQuad and 8 ACent PGCCs without C18O detection. Seventy-six and 49 velocity components were obtained in IQuad and ACent respectively; 146 cores were extracted from 76 IQuad clumps and 100 cores from 49 ACent clumps. The average T
ex of IQuad cores and ACent cores is 12.4 K and 12.1 K, respectively. The average line widths of 13CO of IQuad cores and ACent cores are 1.55 km s−1 and 1.77 km s−1, respectively. Among the detected cores, 24 in IQuad and 13 in ACent have asymmetric line profiles. The small blue excesses, ∼0.03 in IQuad and 0.01 in ACent, indicate that star formation is not active in these PGCC cores. Power-law fittings of the core mass function to the high-mass end give indices of −0.57 in IQuad and −1.02 in ACent, which are flatter than the slope of the initial mass function given by Salpeter. The large turnover masses of 28

for IQuad cores and 77

for ACent cores suggest low star formation efficiencies in PGCCs. The correlation between virial mass and gas mass indicates that most PGCC cores in both regions are not likely pressure-confined.
A study into the structure and physical properties of the Cr18Ni9-grade steel following long-term irradiation as part of the BN-600 reactor internals
Authors: Portnykh Irina A. , Kozlov Aleksandr V. , Panchenko Valery L. , Shikhalev Vyacheslav S.
Published: March 2020

The microstructures and physical properties of the austenitic Cr18Ni9-grade steel after 22 and 33 years of operation as part of the reactor internals were tested for assessing the conditions of the BN-600 reactor non-replaceable components (internals) and the potential of their subsequent use in predicting the reactor ultimate life. The paper presents histograms of the porosity distribution depending on the void size, in samples taken from portions that were subjected to neutron irradiation with displacement rates ranging from 1.0×10–9 to 4.3×10–8 dpa/s at temperatures from 370 to 440 °C. The elasticity characteristics were measured by resonance-type ultrasonic technique for the samples taken from the same portions of material. It was demonstrated that swelling calculated using the histograms of the porosity distribution depending on the void size has the maximum value at ~415 °C and after 33 years of irradiation reaches values of ~3%. Long-term variations of Young’s modulus demonstrate non-monotonous dependence on the damage dose. The maximum relative variation of Young’s modulus after 22 and 33 years of operation does not exceed 2% and 6%, respectively, of the values corresponding to the initial state. It was shown that along with the irradiation-induced swelling the changes in the physical properties are also affected in the process of irradiation by other structural changes and, in particular, by the formation of secondary phases. As shown by the results of the studies, operation of the BN-600 reactor internals made of Cr18Ni9-grade steel can be extended beyond 33 years of service. The comparison of the results obtained for the material after 22 and 33 years of operation contains information required for describing subsequent changes of the structure and properties of the Cr18Ni9 internals. The obtained results can be used for forecasting the reactor ultimate life within the framework of existing and developed models.
Improved Rectification Performance and Terahertz Detection in Hybrid Structure of Self-Switching Device (SSD) and Planar Barrier Diode (PBD) Using Two-Dimensional Device Simulation
Authors: Zakaria Nor Farhani , Kasjoo Shahrir Rizal , Isa Muammar Mohamad , Zailan Zarimawaty , Md Arshad Mohd Khairuddin , Song Aimin
Published: March 2020

Recently, simulations of In0.48Ga0.52As-based Planar Barrier Diode (PBD) and Self-Switching Device (SSD) as millimeter-wave rectifiers were reported. Both PBD and SSD have a planar structure, but with different insulating shapes and working principles. In this work, a hybrid structure of the reported PBD and SSD in a parallel configuration is proposed, to exploit the advantages of each device. The advantages of high rectifying properties in the SSD and fast switching rate of the PBD are combined in this hybrid structure in order to obtain an improved rectification performance at zero-bias in the near terahertz frequency region. Analysis of the curvature co-efficient, γ, which is defined as the ratio of the second order to the first order derivative of the device’s I-V function was performed to evaluate the rectification performance. AC transient analyses were then executed in various frequencies to imitate the high-frequency signal inputs. By using this hybrid structure, the highest value of γ achieved has been improved to ~19 V-1at 70 mV, and ~6 V-1at zero-bias (compared to the previous results on PBDs). The estimated cut-off frequency obtained was ~360 GHz (0.36 THz), operating at zero-bias.
Porosification Analysis on the Effect of Resistivity Dependence on N-Type Pulsed Porous Silicon
Authors: Abd Wahab Nurul Hanida , Abd Rahim Alhan Farhanah , Mahmood Ainorkhilah , Napiah Noorezal Atfyinna Mohammed , Radzali Rosfariza , Yusof Yushamdan
Published: March 2020

A set of n-type porous silicon (PS) layers were fabricated by photoelectrochemical etching using direct current (DC) and pulse current (PC) techniques. The study aims to compare the effect of different resistivity (5 Ω and 10 Ω) on the formation of the PS structure. The samples were etched in a solution of HF:C2H6O with a composition ratio of 1:4. The etching process were done for 30 minutes with the current density of J = 10 mA/cm2. In the time of PC etching process, the current was supplied through a pulse generator with 14 ms cycle time (T) which the on time (Ton) set to 10 ms and pause time (Toff) set to 4 ms respectively. The samples were then being characterized in terms of surface morphology by using FESEM, AFM and XRD. Through the FESEM results, it can be seen that sample with 10 Ω resistivity which using PC form a more homogeneous structure of pores as compared to other samples.