bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preparation of porous electro‐spun UPM fibers via photocrosslinking
Authors: Jun Liu , Zhang Yu , Hao Yu , Cheng Long , J. J. Zhang.
Published: February 2009

In this study, a new method of preparing porous ultra‐fine fibers via photocrosslinking was developed. Ultra‐fine unsaturated polyester macromonomor (UPM)/poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) (UPM/ PHBV) blend fibers were electrospun and then the UPM was photocrosslinked by UV irradiation. Different ratios between UPM, PHBV and solvent were tested and the relationship between weight percentage of solutions and diameter of fibers was discussed. Through the test of Tg and Tm we found that UPM and PHBV were immiscible and the phase separation proceeded during the electrospinning. The photocrosslinking time was controlled strictly and the best reaction time can't exceed more than 10 min. After photocrosslinking of UPM, PHBV was extracted from the blend fibers with chloroform. The morphology of the fiber was observed through SEM and fibers were not collapsed during the extracted processing. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
A method for applying fluvial geomorphology in support of catchment‐scale river restoration planning
Authors: Sear David , Newson Malcolm , Hill Christopher , Old Jo , Branson Julia
Published: February 2009

This paper reports on an extension to the use of Fluvial Audit survey to include a subjective and adaptive multi‐criteria assessment (MCA) process that integrates scientific literature and observational data to develop three reach‐scale indices of: (a) channel modification; (b) channel function (sediment store or source); and (c) naturalness. These indices are nested within an overall conceptual model of channel evolution and used to underpin catchment scale river restoration.

The approach is described and applied to a small groundwater dominated river in the UK. The results show that over 48% of the total main river was in a degraded state relative to a conceptual model of a natural reference state. Only 23% of the river was in a near‐natural state.

MCA classifications were translated into a set of management actions necessary to return each reach to a near‐natural condition. These are described.

The method offers a transparent decision support for stakeholders that can incorporate differing scientific evidence. The use of MCA enables flexibility in terms of the relative importance of scores and weights placed upon factors in the final classification. This makes the approach amenable to stakeholder and public consultation.

Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Radio properties of CSSs and GPSs
Authors: Fanti C.
Published: February 2009

Radio properties of CSSs/GPSs from continuum (polarization included) and spectral line information are concisely summarized (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Polarimetric observations of a sample of Compact Steep‐Spectrum sources
Authors: Mantovani F. , Mack K.‐H. , Montenegro‐Montes F. M. , Rossetti A. , Kraus A.
Published: February 2009

Measurements of the polarised emission from Compact Steep‐Spectrum (CSS) sources can give important information about the physical conditions inside and around the region of radio emission, essentially on the Narrow Line Region. We have observed the sample of CSS sources constructed by Fanti et al. (1990) with the Effelsberg 100‐m radio telescope at four frequencies between 2.7 GHz and 10.4 GHz in order to measure the polarisation parameters. Results from the NRAO VLA Sky Survey (Condon et al. 1998) at 1.4 GHz were combined with our measurements for the full sample. The sample is considered statistically complete and allows comprehensive statistical analysis. Some of our conclusions are in disagreement with previous results obtained by polarimetric observations of other samples, for example the B3‐VLA sample (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
High frequency peakers
Authors: Orienti M.
Published: February 2009

High Frequency Peaker (HFP) radio sources are an extreme class of active galactic nuclei whose nature has not been fully understood yet. They are compact objects with a simple convex radio spectrum which turns over at frequencies well above a few GHz. In the context of evolutionary models such sources are likely to represent the earliest stage in individual radio source evolution, with typical ages of a few hundred years. However, the selection tools used to identify a source as an HFP are based on the spectral shape and can introduce a contamination by beamed blazar objects. The study of their radio properties provides us with important information on their nature and on the ambient medium in which they are evolving (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Does equipartition hold in HFPs?
Authors: Dallacasa D. , Orienti M.
Published: February 2009

Equipartition of energy between relativistic particles and magnetic field is known to be consistent with observations in most of the large size (hundreds of kpc) radio galaxies. Here we discuss whether such a property holds in the smallest and youngest radio sources, the High Frequency Peakers (HFPs). A few sources have small components with a turnover frequency occurring at a few GHz and therefore a direct measure of the magnetic field intensity can be derived from the spectral peak assuming the spectral turnover is originated by synchrotron self‐absorption. The field strengths computed in this way are generally in excellent agreement with the equipartition fields. However, a few exceptions have been found, in sources with an extra deficit of photons in the optically thick part of the spectrum as a consequence of free‐free absorption (FFA) (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Samples and statistics of CSS and GPS sources
Authors: Giroletti M. , Polatidis A.
Published: February 2009

Several samples have been proposed in the last years in order to study the properties of intrinsically small sources. In this paper, we review the properties of the main samples that are currently available, both selected on the basis of spectral index and of morphology. As a result of the work in this area, large numbers of intrinsically small sources have been found. We summarize the present status of hot spot advance measurements, listing 18 sources with available VLBI data. The mean hot spot separation velocity is vsep = (0.19 ± 0.11) h–1c, and the kinematic ages span the range from 20 to 3000 years. Finally, we present a brief outlook on the use of future instrumentation in order to improve our understanding of radio source evolution. Prospects for VSOP2, e‐VLA, e‐MERLIN, LOFAR, ALMA, and Fermi are suggested (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A sample of GHz‐peaked spectrum sources selected at RATAN‐600: Spectral and variability properties
Authors: Sokolovsky K.V. , Kovalev Y.Y. , Kovalev Yu.A. , Nizhelskiy N.A. , Zhekanis G.V.
Published: February 2009

We describe a new sample of 226 GPS (GHz‐Peaked Spectrum) source candidates selected using simultaneous 1–22 GHz multi‐frequency observations with the RATAN‐600 radio telescope. Sixty objects in our sample are identified as GPS source candidates for the first time. The candidates were selected on the basis of their broad‐band radio spectra only We. discuss the spectral and variability properties of selected objects of different optical classes (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Identifying Compact Symmetric Objects from the VLBA Imaging and Polarization Survey
Authors: Tremblay S.E. , Taylor G.B. , Helmboldt J.F. , Fassnacht C.D. , Romani R.W.
Published: February 2009

Compact Symmetric Objects (CSOs) are small (less than 1 kpc) radio sources which have symmetric double lobes or jets. The dominant theory for the small size of these objects is that they are young radio sources which could grow into larger radio galaxies, but the currently small population of known CSOs makes it difficult to definitively determine whether or not this is the case. While a greater number of Gigahertz peaked sources can be identified by sifting through spectral surveys, this yields none of the dynamics of the sources, and also brings Quasars into the sample, which although interesting are peaked around 1 Gigahertz for very different reasons. We have used the 5 GHz VLBA Imaging and Polarization Survey (VIPS) to identify 103 CSO candidates morphologically, and are following up on these sources with multifrequency VLBA observations to confirm CSO identifications and to study their dynamics. The identification of candidates from within the survey will be discussed, as well as preliminary results from the follow‐up observations (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Further evidence for synchrotron self‐absorption from the CORALZ sample of young radio‐loud AGN
Authors: Vries N. de , Snellen I.A.G. , Schilizzi R.T. , Mack K.‐H.
Published: February 2009

Young radio‐loud active galactic nuclei form an important tool to investigate the evolution of extragalactic radio sources. In this paper we present a summary of our recent work on the CORALZ sample of young radio sources at low redshift. We have found strong evidence that the radio spectral turnovers in GPS and CSS sources are caused by synchrotron selfabsorption (SSA): the CORALZ sources follow the well established relation between radio spectral peak frequency and largest angular size, but with significantly smaller sizes at any particular peak frequency, compared to more powerful and more distant GPS/CSS sources, as expected from SSA theory combined with simple self‐similar evolution models. Current models that invoke free‐free absorption (FFA) to explain the spectral turnovers in GPS and CSS sources can not easily explain the relatively small angular sizes found for the CORALZ sources. We therefore conclude that, although FFA may play a role in some sources, the radio spectral turnovers in GPS and CSS radio sources are generally caused by SSA (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The host galaxies of Compact Steep Spectrum and Gigahertz‐Peaked Spectrum radio sources
Authors: Holt J.
Published: February 2009

I will review some of the developments in studies of the host galaxy properties of Compact Steep Spectrum (CSS) and Gigahertz‐Peaked Spectrum (GPS) radio sources. In contrast to previous reviews structured around observational technique, I will discuss the host galaxy properties in terms of morphology, stellar content and warm gas properties and discuss how compact, young radio‐loud AGN are key objects for understanding galaxy evolution (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Gas and stars in compact (young) radio sources
Authors: Morganti R. , Emonts B. , Holt J. , Tadhunter C. , Oosterloo T. , Struve C.
Published: February 2009

Gas can be used to trace the formation and evolution of galaxies as well as the impact that the nuclear activity has on the surrounding medium. For nearby compact radio sources, we have used observations of neutral hydrogen – that we detected in emission distributed over very large scales – combined with the study of the stellar population and deep optical images to investigate the history of the formation of their host galaxy and the triggering of the activity. For more distant and more powerful compact radio sources, we have used optical spectra and H I – in absorption – to investigate the presence of fast outflows that support the idea that compact radio sources are young radio loud AGN observed during the early stages of their evolution and currently shredding their natal cocoons through extreme circumnuclear outflows. We will review the most recent results obtained from these projects (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Relationship between the [O III] λ 5007 line and 5 GHz radio emission
Authors: Labiano A.
Published: February 2009

I have compiled observations of [O III] λ 5007 line and 5 GHz radio emission for a large sample of GPS, CSS and FR sources. Several properties were studied and compared. The most relevant findings are that the FWHM and the luminosity of the [O III] λ 5007 line are correlated with the size of the radio source. I present the data and discuss the correlations, with special focus on jet‐host interaction, triggering and enhancing of [O III] λ 5007 emission (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Fate of baby radio galaxies: Dead or alive?
Authors: Kawakatu N. , Nagai H. , Kino M.
Published: February 2009

In order to reveal the long‐term evolution of relativistic jets in active galactic nuclei (AGNs), we examine the dynamical evolution of variously‐sized radio galaxies [i.e., compact symmetric objects (CSOs), medium‐size symmetric objects (MSOs), Fanaroff‐Riley type II radio galaxies (FRIIs)]. By comparing the observed relation between the hot spot size and the linear size of radio source with a coevolution model of hot spot and cocoon, we find that the advance speed of hot spots and lobes inevitably show the deceleration phase (CSO‐MSO phase) and the acceleration phase (MSO‐FRII phase). The deceleration is caused by the growth of the cross‐sectional area of the cocoon head. Moreover, by comparing the hot spot speed with the sound speed of the ambient medium, we predict that only CSOs whose initial advance speed is higher than 0.3–0.5 c can evolve into FRIIs (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Radio bimodality: Spin, accretion mode, or both?
Authors: Sikora M.
Published: February 2009

A new scenario is suggested to explain a large diversity of the AGN radio properties and their dependence on the galaxy morphology. The scenario is based on the assumption that the growth of supermassive BHs is dominated by the accretion only during the quasar (high accretion rate) phase, otherwise – by mergers with less massive black holes. Following that, BHs are expected to spin much faster in giant ellipticals than in disk galaxies. Within the frame of the spin paradigm this explains the observed relation of the radio‐dichotomy with the galaxy morphology. Various theoretical and observational aspects of such a dichotomy are discussed. In particular, the issue of the intermittency and suppression of a jet production at high accretion rates is addressed and a scenario for production of powerful, extended radio sources is drafted (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Future investigations of GPS and CSS radio sources with LOFAR
Authors: Snellen I.A.G. , Röttgering H.J.A. , Barthel P.D. , Best P.N. , Brüggen M. , Conway J.E. , Jarvis M.J. , Lehnert M.D. , Miley G.K. , Morganti R.
Published: February 2009

In the next few years, the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) will open up one of the last astronomically unexplored wavelength regimes. While the LOFAR core is currently being erected in the Netherlands, its outer stations will cover a large part of Europe, resulting in an unprecedented angular resolution at > meter wavelengths. Next to many other exciting scientific endeavours, LOFAR will be the first instrument to probe the low frequency spectra of Gigahertz Peaked Spectrum (GPS) and Compact Steep Spectrum (CSS) radio sources. It will give new insights into their absorption processes, and probe associated extended emission (possibly linked to earlier epochs of activity) in these enigmatic class of young active galactic nuclei. Furthermore, LOFAR will be sensitive to possibly the most distant GPS and CSS sources, of which their spectral turnovers have redshifted down to the lowest observable radio frequencies (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Effect of Bcl‐xL overexpression on apoptosis and autophagy in recombinant Chinese hamster ovary cells under nutrient‐deprived condition
Authors: Kim Yeon‐Gu , Kim Jee Yon , Mohan Chaya , Lee Gyun Min
Published: February 2009

Upon nutrient deprivation during culture, recombinant Chinese hamster ovary (rCHO) cells are subjected to two types of programmed cell death (PCD), apoptosis and autophagy. To investigate the effect of Bcl‐xL overexpression on apoptosis and autophagy in rCHO cells, an erythropoietin (EPO)‐producing rCHO cell line with regulated Bcl‐xL overexpression (EPO‐off‐Bcl‐xL) was established using the Tet‐off system. The expression level of Bcl‐xL in EPO‐off‐Bcl‐xL cells was tightly regulated by doxycycline in a dose‐dependent manner. Bcl‐xL overexpression enhanced cell viability and extended culture longevity in batch culture. Upon nutrient depletion in the later stage of batch culture, Bcl‐xL overexpression suppressed apoptosis by inhibiting the activation of caspase‐3 and ‐7. Simultaneously, Bcl‐xL overexpression also delayed autophagy, characterized by LC3‐II accumulation. Immunoprecipitation analysis with a Flag‐tagged Bcl‐xL revealed that Bcl‐xL interacts with Bax and Bak, essential mediators of caspase‐dependent apoptosis, as well as with Beclin‐1, an essential mediator of autophagy, and may inhibit their pro‐cell death function. Taken together, it was found that Bcl‐xL overexpression inhibits both apoptosis and autophagy in rCHO cell culture. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2009;103: 757–766. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Efficient distribution of emotion‐related data through a networked virtual environment architecture
Authors: Quax Peter , Di Fiore Fabian , Lamotte Wim , Van Reeth Frank
Published: February 2009

In this paper we describe the way in which emotion‐related data can efficiently be exchanged between participants in a large‐scale networked virtual environment. This type of metadata is extracted from real‐time captured video streams using off‐the‐shelf webcams and applied onto a two‐dimentional (2D) stylised avatar; thereby improving the immersion the user experiences while navigating and communicating in the virtual world. As emotion‐related data—once processed through the system—can be considered a specific type of state information, a generic networked virtual environment architecture can be used to distribute the information between participants. We have opted to extend the in‐house developed architecture for large‐scale virtual interactive communities (ALVIC‐NG) architecture to be able to process the information flows. We will show that the inclusion of this new type of information does not have a detrimental effect on the scalability of the system. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Motion autonomy for humanoids: experiments on HRP‐2 No. 14
Authors: Yoshida Eiichi , Laumond Jean‐Paul , Esteves Claudia , Kanoun Oussama , Mallet Anthony , Sakaguchi Takeshi , Yokoi Kazuhito
Published: February 2009

This paper deals with whole‐body motion planning and dynamic control for humanoid from two aspects: locomotion including manipulation and reaching. In the first part, we address a problem of simultaneous locomotion and manipulation planning that combines a geometric and kinematic motion planner with a dynamic humanoid motion generator. The second part deals with whole‐body reaching tasks by using a generalized inverse kinematics (IK) method to fully exploit the high redundancy of the humanoid robot. Through experiments using humanoid platform HRP‐2 No. 14 installed at LAAS‐CNRS, we first verify the validity of each method. An integrated experiment is then presented that unifies the both results via visual perception to execute an object‐fetching task. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Solid‐State Structural Characterization of Cutinase–ECE‐Pincer–Metal Hybrids
Authors: Rutten Lucy , Wieczorek Birgit , Mannie Jean‐Paul B. A. , Kruithof Cornelis A. , Dijkstra Harm P. , Egmond Maarten R. , Lutz Martin , Klein Gebbink Robertus J. M. , Gros Piet , van Koten Gerard
Published: February 2009

Crystal‐clear structures: The first crystal structures of organometallic pincer–cutinase hybrids (see figure) provide insight into the 3D structural arrangement of both the protein and the organometallic pincer moiety, and reveal different binding modes for different pincers.

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The first crystal structures of lipases that have been covalently modified through site‐selective inhibition by different organometallic phosphonate‐pincer–metal complexes are described. Two ECE‐pincer‐type d8‐metal complexes, that is, platinum (1) or palladium (2) with phosphonate esters (ECE=[(EtO)‐(O)P(‐O‐C6H4‐(NO2)‐4)(‐C3H6‐4‐(C6H2‐(CH2E)2)]−; E=NMe2 or SMe) were introduced prior to crystallization and have been shown to bind selectively to the Ser120 residue in the active site of the lipase cutinase to give cut‐1 (platinum) or cut‐2 (palladium) hybrids. For all five presented crystal structures, the ECE‐pincer–platinum or –palladium head group sticks out of the cutinase molecule and is exposed to the solvent. Depending on the nature of the ECE‐pincer–metal head group, the ECE‐pincer–platinum and –palladium guests occupy different pockets in the active site of cutinase, with concomitant different stereochemistries on the phosphorous atom for the cut‐1 (SP) and cut‐2 (RP) structures. When cut‐1 was crystallized under halide‐poor conditions, a novel metal‐induced dimeric structure was formed between two cutinase‐bound pincer–platinum head groups, which are interconnected through a single μ‐Cl bridge. This halide‐bridged metal dimer shows that coordination chemistry is possible with protein‐modified pincer–metal complexes. Furthermore, we could use NCN‐pincer–platinum complex 1 as site‐selective tool for the phasing of raw protein diffraction data, which shows the potential use of pincer–platinum complex 1 as a heavy‐atom derivative in protein crystallography.
Synthesis and Properties of Mononuclear Group 10 Alkoxy‐Biscarbene Complexes
Authors: López‐Alberca María P. , Mancheño María J. , Fernández Israel , Gómez‐Gallego Mar , Sierra Miguel A. , Torres Rosario
Published: February 2009

New Pd‐and Pt‐biscarbenes: The synthesis by the stoichiometric transmetalation reactions from Fischer alkoxy‐chromium(0) carbene complexes of stable mononuclear (palladium and platinum) alkoxy‐biscarbene complexes is reported. The structure, bonding situation, and the electronic and redox properties of these complexes are studied by a combination of experimental and computational (DFT) methods.

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The synthesis, isolation, and complete characterization (NMR and X‐Ray diffraction techniques) of stable mononuclear (palladium and platinum) alkoxy‐biscarbene complexes is reported. These compounds are easily accessible through stoichiometric transmetalation reactions from Fischer alkoxy‐chromium(0) carbene complexes. By a combination of experimental (UV/Vis spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry) and computational methods (DFT), the structure, bonding situation, and the electronic and redox properties of these complexes are studied. Although they have structures quite similar, their electronic properties strongly depend on the metal and also on the substitution in the aromatic rings in the aniline moieties. Electron‐withdrawing groups stabilize the HOMO causing the shifting of the oxidation waves to lower anodic potentials in the corresponding cyclic voltammograms.
Multimodal‐Luminescence Core–Shell Nanocomposites for Targeted Imaging of Tumor Cells
Authors: Hu He , Xiong Liqin , Zhou Jing , Li Fuyou , Cao Tianye , Huang Chunhui
Published: February 2009

Light on target: Silica‐coated upconverting nanophosphor (UCNP) nanocomposites have been synthesized with organic dye (fluorescein isothiocyanate, FITC) incorporated in the silica shell. The nanocomposites are well dispersed and have good photostability and biocompatibility. These nanocomposites readily conjugated with folic acid for targeted multimodal bioimaging (see schematic representation).

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Uniform silica‐coated NaYF4: 20 mol % Yb, 2 mol % Er nanocomposites with good dispersibility, containing organic dye incorporated in the silica shell and folic acid conjugated on the surface of the shell, were prepared and characterized. The core–shell nanocomposites are 20–22 nm in size, water soluble, and buffer stable, with good photostability and biocompatibility. Folic acid (FA) offers a means of targeting human cells that greatly overexpress the folate receptor (FR). By the use of confocal microscopy and quantitative flow cytometry analysis, we demonstrate the receptor‐mediated delivery of FA‐conjugated nanocomposites targeting FR‐positive cell lines, such as KB cells. The receptor‐mediated targeting was confirmed by a comparison with the uptake of these nanocomposites in FR‐negative cell lines, such as MCF‐7. These results show that the silica‐coated upconverting nanophosphor (UCNP) nanocomposites prepared by our strategy can potentially be useful as multimodal bioimaging agents.
Selective Iridium‐Catalyzed Alkylation of (Hetero)Aromatic Amines and Diamines with Alcohols under Mild Reaction Conditions
Authors: Blank Benoît , Michlik Stefan , Kempe Rhett
Published: February 2009

Selective amine alkylation: A P,N‐ligand‐stabilized iridium complex has been used as an efficient catalyst for the alkylation of (hetero)aromatic amines with alcohols at mild reaction temperatures and catalyst loadings as low as 0.1 mol % Ir (see scheme). The excellent selectivity of the catalyst for monoalkylation of the amine function has also been exploited for the N,N′‐dialkylation of diamines in both symmetric and nonsymmetric fashions.

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A P,N‐ligand‐coordinated iridium complex has been employed as an efficient catalyst for the selective monoalkylation of (hetero)aromatic amines with alcohols. A significant improvement of this alkylation method has been achieved, such that it can be performed at a temperature of 70 °C and with catalyst loadings as low as 0.1 mol % Ir, while still affording excellent yields of secondary amines. Furthermore, the high selectivity of this catalyst for the monoalkylation of aromatic amino functions has been successfully exploited for the alkylation of diamines in both symmetric and nonsymmetric fashions, providing a novel and very efficient synthetic tool for the preparation of N,N′‐dialkylated aromatic diamines.
Cobalt‐Catalyzed N‐Arylation of Nitrogen Nucleophiles in Water
Authors: Teo Yong‐Chua , Chua Guan‐Leong
Published: February 2009

Cobalt ′n′ cross‐coupling! A facile and practical strategy catalyzed by CoCl2⋅6 H2O has been developed for the N‐arylation of nitrogen nucleophiles with substituted aryl halides in water. The protocol is very simple and requires only mild conditions. A variety of nitrogen nucleophiles, including pyrazole, indole, and 7‐azaindole, undergo catalysis to afford N‐arylated products in moderate to good yields (up to 86 %; see scheme).

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Synthesis of Two Bioactive Natural Products: FR252921 and Pseudotrienic Acid B
Authors: Amans Dominique , Bellosta Véronique , Cossy Janine
Published: February 2009

Jackpot: Two for one! Concise and highly convergent syntheses of the immunosuppressive agent FR252921 and the related antimicrobial natural product pseudotrienic acid B were achieved from one common intermediate by using optically active titanium complexes to control the configuration of the stereogenic centers, a highly stereo‐ and regioselective cross‐metathesis to generate the triene moieties, and a Stille cross‐coupling to install the dienic units.

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Concise and highly convergent syntheses of the immunosuppressive agent FR252921 and the related antimicrobial natural product pseudotrienic acid B were achieved from a common intermediate by using optically active titanium complexes to control the configuration of the stereogenic centers, a highly stereo‐ and regioselective cross‐metathesis to generate the triene moieties, and a Stille cross‐coupling to install the dienic units.
A Trimer of Ultrafast Nanomotors: Synthesis, Photochemistry and Self‐Assembly on Graphite
Authors: Cnossen Arjen , Pijper Dirk , Kudernac Tibor , Pollard Michael M. , Katsonis Nathalie , Feringa Ben L.
Published: February 2009

Lightning quick! A new ultrafast light‐driven molecular motor was developed, which was readily incorporated into a larger trimeric system. The trimer of these motors was studied with STM and at the interface of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite and 1‐phenyloctane the molecules form stable arrays in which the chirality of the trimer is expressed on both the molecular and the supramolecular level (see figure).

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ChemInform Abstract: The Crystal Structure of [Mg2(H2O)6(HCO3)3] +Cl‐, Containing a Magnesium‐Based Hetero‐polycation.
Authors: Dinnebier Robert E. , Jansen Martin
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Mixed Plumbides (Ca/Sr)xBa1‐xPb3. Structural Chemistry and Chemical Bonding.
Authors: Wendorff Marco , Roehr Caroline
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure and Superconductivity of LiFeAs.
Authors: Pitcher Michael J. , Parker Dinah R. , Adamson Paul , Herkelrath Sebastian J. C. , Boothroyd Andrew T. , Ibberson Richard M. , Brunelli Michela , Clarke Simon J.
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Sr(Mg3Ge)N4 and Sr(Mg2Ga2)N4: New Isostructural Mg‐Containing Quaternary Nitrides with Nitridometallate Anions of ∞3[(Mg3Ge)N4]2‐ and ∞3 [(Mg2Ga2)N4]2‐ in a 3D‐Network Structure.
Authors: Park Dong Gon , Dong Yongkwan , DiSalvo Francis J.
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Cryptand‐Encapsulated Germanium(II) Dication.
Authors: Rupar Paul A. , Staroverov Viktor N. , Baines Kim M.
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrothermal Synthesis, Structure and Antiferromagnetism of Mn[P2O5(OH)2].
Authors: Yang Tao , Zhang Yan , Xiong Ming , Liao Fuhui , Lin Jianhua
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Stable “End‐On” Iron(III)—Hydroperoxo Complex in Water Derived from a Multi‐Iron(II)‐Substituted Polyoxometalate and Molecular Oxygen.
Authors: Barats Delina , Leitus Gregory , Popovitz‐Biro Ronit , Shimon Linda J. W. , Neumann Ronny
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Rare Earth‐Transition Metal Indides with Lu5Ni2In4‐Type Structure.
Authors: Zaremba Roman , Hermes Wilfried , Eul Matthias , Poettgen Rainer
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Direct Asymmetric Mannich Reactions of Hydroxyacetone by (2S,5S)‐Pyrrolidine‐2,5‐dicarboxylic Acid.
Authors: Gu Qing , Gong Jing‐Jing , Feng Jin , Wu Xin‐Yan , Zhou Qi‐Lin
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Electrophilic α‐Amination of α‐Cyanoketones Catalyzed by Chiral Nickel Complexes.
Authors: Kim Dae Young
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Electrosynthesis of a Condensed Thioheterocyclic System Containing a 1,2,4‐Triazole Ring.
Authors: Fotouhi Lida , Hekmatshoar Rahim , Heravi Majid M. , Sadjadi Sodeh , Rasmi Vahideh
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron Catalyst for Oxidation in Water: Surfactant‐Type Iron Complex‐Catalyzed Mild and Efficient Oxidation of Aryl Alkanes Using Aqueous TBHP as Oxidant in Water.
Authors: Nagano Takashi , Kobayashi Shu
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidant‐Dependent Selective Oxidation of Alcohols Utilizing Multinuclear Copper‐Triethanolamine Complexes.
Authors: Zhu Mingxia , Li Bodong , He Ping , Wei Xin , Yuan Youzhu
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium‐NHC Complexes Immobilized on MCF: Application to Catalytic Ring‐Closing Metathesis.
Authors: Park Kang Hyun , Kim Seongjin , Chung Young Keun
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Two‐Step Allylic Carbon Insertion Between Ketone Carbonyl and α Carbons Giving α‐Quaternary α‐Vinyl Ketones.
Authors: He Jing‐Qian , Shibata Daisuke , Ohno Chihaya , Okamoto Sentaro
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Silica‐Supported Zinc Chloride Catalyzed Acetylation of Amines, Alcohols and Phenols.
Authors: Gupta Raman , Kumar Vineet , Gupta Monika , Paul Satya , Gupta Rajive
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric, Organocatalytic, Three‐Step Synthesis of γ‐Hydroxy‐(E)‐α,β‐Unsaturated Sulfones and Esters.
Authors: Petersen Kimberly S. , Posner Gary H.
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Easy Selective Generation of (Lithiomethyl)cyclopropane or Homoallyllithium by a Chlorine—Lithium Exchange.
Authors: Pastor Isidro M. , Penafiel Itziar , Yus Miguel
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Stille Reaction over cis‐Halocyclohexadienediol Derivatives.
Authors: Heguaburu Viviana , Sa Marcus Mandolesi , Schapiro Valeria , Pandolfi Enrique
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Chemoselective Reductive Amination‐Coupling by One‐Pot Reaction of Aldehydes, HMDS and NaBH4.
Authors: Azizi Najmedin , Akbari Elham , Amiri Alireza Khejeh , Saidi Mohammad R.
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Protonated Arginine and Lysine as Catalysts for the Direct Asymmetric Aldol Reaction in Ionic Liquids.
Authors: Lombardo Marco , Easwar Srinivasan , Pasi Filippo , Trombini Claudio , Dhavale Dilip D.
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Convenient Synthesis of (Z)‐Monoacetates of 2‐Alkylidene‐1,3‐propanediols.
Authors: Miura Tsuyoshi , Umetsu Satoe , Kanamori Daisuke , Tsuyama Nanae , Jyo Yuki , Kawashima Yuya , Koyata Naka , Murakami Yasuoki , Imai Nobuyuki
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Origins of Stereoselectivity in the Oxido‐Alkylidenation of Alkynes.
Authors: Canterbury Daniel P. , Frontier Alison J. , Um Joann M. , Cheong Paul H.‐Y. , Goldfeld Dahlia A. , Huhn Richard A. , Houk K. N.
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Heterogeneously Catalyzed Efficient Oxygenation of Primary Amines to Amides by a Supported Ruthenium Hydroxide Catalyst.
Authors: Kim Jung Won , Yamaguchi Kazuya , Mizuno Noritaka
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Preparation of α‐Aryl Nitriles by Direct Cyanation of Alcohols with TMSCN under the Catalysis of InX3.
Authors: Chen Gang , Wang Zheng , Wu Jiang , Ding Kuiling
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Electroreduction of Organic Compounds. Part 36. Electroreduction of Chlorinated Methyl Benzoates.
Authors: Gassmann Joerg , Voss Juergen
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Stereoselective anti‐Markovnikov Addition of Thioamides to Alkynes.
Authors: Goossen Lukas J. , Blanchot Mathieu , Salih Kifah S. M. , Karch Ralf , Rivas‐Nass Andreas
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Direct Arylation of Nitro‐Substituted Aromatics with Aryl Halides.
Authors: Caron Laurence , Campeau Louis‐Charles , Fagnou Keith
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: High Temperature Metalation of Functionalized Aromatics and Heteroaromatics Using (tmp)2Zn×2MgCl2×2LiCl and Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Wunderlich Stefan , Knochel Paul
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Zirconocene‐Mediated Synthesis of Cyclobutabenzenes.
Authors: Barluenga Jose , Calleja Jonas , Anton Maria J. , Alvarez‐Rodrigo Lucia , Rodriguez Felix , Fananas Francisco J.
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of Alkyl 1‐Oxo‐3‐phenyl‐1H‐indene‐2‐carboxylate Through Palladium‐Catalyzed Carboalkoxylation from 2‐Bromo‐3‐phenylinden‐1‐ones.
Authors: Yum Eul Kgun , Park Woul Seong , Kim Se Hoan , Kang Seung Kyu , Kim Sung Soo , Ahn Jin Hee
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Anthracene and Azaanthracene Fluorophores via [2 + 2 + 2] Cyclotrimerization Reactions.
Authors: Zou Yan , Young Douglas D. , Cruz‐Montanez Alejandra , Deiters Alexander
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Bench‐Stable Pd Catalyst for the Hydroarylation of Fullerene with Boronic Acids.
Authors: Mori Susumu , Nambo Masakazu , Chi Liang‐Chen , Bouffard Jean , Itami Kenichiro
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Reactivity of 3‐Methylsulfinyl‐2H‐cyclohepta[b]furan‐2‐ones.
Authors: Higashi Junya , Okada Kazuyuki , Shoji Taku , Toyota Kozo , Watanabe Masataka , Yasunami Masafumi , Kikuchi Shigeru , Ito Shunji , Morita Noboru
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: An Improved Method for the Synthesis of Zirconium (CCC‐N‐Heterocyclic Carbene) Pincer Complexes and Applications in Hydroamination.
Authors: Cho Joon , Hollis T. Keith , Helgert Theodore R. , Valente Edward J.
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Phosphine‐Catalyzed [3 + 2] Annulation Reaction of Modified Allylic Compounds and N‐Tosylimines.
Authors: Zheng Suqing , Lu Xiyan
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Bis Heterocycles: Bis Pyrroles, Pyrrolyl Pyrazolines and Pyrrolyl Isoxazolines.
Authors: Padmavathi V. , Radhalakshmi T. , Mahesh K. , Mohan A. V. Nagendra
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Thiourea‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Formal [3 + 2] Cycloaddition of Azomethine Ylides with Nitroolefins.
Authors: Xie Jianwu , Yoshida Kohzo , Takasu Kiyosei , Takemoto Yoshiji
Published: February 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.