bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The TAXI Method: Reducing Fabric Waste with Recognizable Silhouettes in Sustainable Women’s Clothing
Authors: Karin Franka , Brlobašić Šajatović Blaženka , Šabarić Škugor Irena
Published: January 2025

The problem of textile waste generated in production processes poses new challenges for manufacturers. For this reason, an approach to clothing design has been developed that takes into account aspects of sustainable development and the zero-waste concept. The paper presents the development of “T” and “X” silhouettes for women’s dresses according to the proposed new method. The existing basic cuts of women’s dresses were modeled to obtain “T” and “X” basic silhouettes for women’s dresses, and we compare the reduction in losses between the cuts using the newly proposed TAXI method and the TAXI method according to the proposed design. The use of pattern losses based on the pattern of the basic dress cut provides innovative design solutions according to the TAXI method by applying structural elements that adjust the shape of the basic silhouettes of women’s dresses. Fabric utilization using the basic “T” silhouette cut model is reduced to 75%. The TAXI method improves fabric utilization, achieving 75% fabric use with the basic “T” silhouettes and up to 99.8% with modifications. The fabric utilization of the basic “X” silhouette according to the proposed TAXI design method is 99.8%, which is 32.5% higher than the fabric utilization according to the basic pattern. With this comprehensive concept based on the principles of sustainability, the proposed TAXI design method has been adapted for the maximum possible fabric utilization, esthetic quality and fit, while retaining the recognizable silhouette of the garment.
Heavy Metal Pollution in Coastal Environments: Ecological Implications and Management Strategies: A Review
Authors: El-Sharkawy Mahmoud , Alotaibi Modhi O. , Li Jian , Du Daolin , Mahmoud Esawy
Published: January 2025

Heavy metals originating from industrial runoff, agricultural practices, urbanization, and natural geological processes persist in coastal sediments due to their low degradation rates and high stability. Their cycling is influenced by sediment dynamics, water circulation, and complex interactions with biological and chemical factors. Heavy metal pollution demonstrates serious risks to coastal biota, including fish, shellfish, algae, and marine mammals through mechanisms such as bioaccumulation and biomagnification. These processes lead to biodiversity loss, habitat degradation, and reduced ecosystem functionality. Current mitigation strategies for pollution control regulations and remediation techniques show promise but face challenges in implementation. Emerging technologies such as nanotechnology and bioremediation offer innovative solutions but require further validation. Knowledge gaps persist in understanding the long-term ecological impacts of heavy metal contamination and optimizing management strategies for diverse coastal ecosystems. Coastal ecosystems are vital for supporting biodiversity and providing essential ecosystem services, but they are increasingly threatened by heavy metal pollution—a pervasive environmental challenge that demands urgent attention. This review investigates the sources, characteristics, pathways, ecological impacts, and management strategies associated with heavy metal contamination in coastal environments. The review synthesizes findings from recent literature, employing a systematic approach to analyze natural and anthropogenic sources, contamination pathways, and the biogeochemical processes governing heavy metal cycling. Future research should focus on addressing these gaps through interdisciplinary approaches, integrating advanced modeling techniques, stakeholder engagement, and sustainable management practices. By prioritizing these efforts, we can safeguard coastal ecosystems and their essential services from the escalating threats of heavy metal pollution.
The Construction and Practice of Using a Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation System for Project Maturity Based on the Sustainable Development of Entrepreneurship Among Chinese University Students
Authors: Zhang Jianjun , Li Min , Wang Weihui , Wang Limei
Published: January 2025

There is a close connection between university student entrepreneurship programs and sustainable development, which are mutually reinforcing: university student entrepreneurship programs provide innovation and vitality for sustainable development, while concepts related to sustainable development can guide the development direction of university student entrepreneurship programs. College students are the driving force of innovation and entrepreneurship. In view of the problems of the failure rate of college students’ entrepreneurial projects, this article constructs a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model based on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. Then, this study uses the hierarchical analysis method to clarify the comprehensive evaluation indexes affecting the maturity of college students’ entrepreneurial projects and takes a student entrepreneurial project of Qingdao University of Technology as an example. Ultimately, specific suggestions are offered to optimize the maturity of college students’ entrepreneurial projects based on the evaluation results so as to improve the probability of success of college students’ entrepreneurship. Great importance is placed on the quality of university entrepreneurship projects and the sustainability of society in this study.
Cities in Flux: Waste, the Shadow of Circularity, and the (Elusive) Promise of Sustainability
Authors: Vardopoulos Ioannis
Published: January 2025

The transition to a circular economy has emerged as a critical strategy for addressing the escalating challenges posed by resource depletion [...]
Preparation of Microcapsules of Wood Distillate Coated with Chitosan and Micronized Biochar: A New Material with Potential for Sustainable Crop Protection and Precision Agriculture
Authors: Di Lorenzo Giulia , Becagli Michelangelo , Cardelli Roberto , Pecchia Susanna
Published: January 2025

Wood distillate (WD), also known as pyroligneous acid, is a liquid byproduct of charcoal production. It has antimicrobial and antifungal properties thanks to its combination of over 200 components, including organic acids, polyphenols, tannins and others. In this work, microcapsules containing WD coated with chitosan or chitosan and micronized biochar were developed, and their efficacy was tested against the soil-borne fungal pathogen Macrophomina phaseolina. The three products used fit into a circular economy model, and these bio-based microcapsules can be used to promote sustainable agricultural practices. The microencapsulation of WD was carried out via an ion-exchange gelation method, using sodium alginate as the polymer. WD microencapsulation and coating formation were successfully performed, resulting in microcapsules with a size between 600 and 700 µm when dried. Three types of WD microcapsules were produced: uncoated, chitosan-coated and chitosan–biochar-coated. Solubility tests were conducted by measuring the pH of each type of microcapsule in distilled water. It was observed that their solubilization trends were different depending on the type of microcapsules. In vitro growth of M. phaseolina on PDA plates was completely inhibited using WD concentrations of 3–5%. Furthermore, when WD microcapsules were added to a liquid culture medium, those coated with chitosan and biochar induced a significant reduction in M. phaseolina growth.
The Effects of Tourism Motivation and Perceived Value on Tourists’ Behavioral Intention Toward Forest Health Tourism: The Moderating Role of Attitude
Authors: Zhao Yujiao , Yang Jun , Song Juanru , Lu Yiqing
Published: January 2025

In the context of the accelerating aging of the global population, there is an increasing public concern for health and wellness, accompanied by a marked rise in apprehension regarding sub-health conditions. Concurrently, forest health tourism, as a nascent form of tourism, is widely acknowledged as a pivotal avenue allowing the tourism industry to pursue a green transformation. Previous studies have explored the links between motivating, perceiving, and behaving. However, little research has examined how tourism motivation might influence the long-term sustainability of forest health tourism sites. Therefore, this study builds on the SOR theoretical framework and uses SEM to clarify the effects of tourism motivation and perceived value on forest health tourism behavior. Meanwhile, the research model incorporates attitudes as a moderating variable to ascertain their impact. A sample of 527 valid tourists from China was analyzed and the results demonstrate the following: (1) entertainment motivation and leisure motivation have a significant positive effect on forest health tourism behavioral intention; (2) prestige motivation and cultural motivation do not have a significant positive effect on forest health tourism behavioral intention; (3) perceived value mediates between entertainment, prestige, cultural, and leisure motivations and forest health tourism behavioral intention; (4) attitude moderates the relationship between perceived value and behavioral intention in forest health tourism. These insights offer a theoretical framework for industry stakeholders seeking to attract tourists and pursue environmentally friendly, sustainable growth in forest wellness tourism. This study also has important practical implications on how forest health tourism is promoted and managed.
A Comparative Study on the Promoting Effects of Different Tourism Development Models on Rural Revitalization: Case Studies from Two Typical Villages in China
Authors: Wang Huizhan , Lu Xinru
Published: January 2025

This study aims to explore the pivotal role of rural tourism in addressing the “three rural issues” and promoting rural revitalization. This study selects two representative villages in China that adopt different models of tourism development: Shibadong Village in Huayuan County, Hunan Province, which adopts a government-led model, and Yuanjia Village in Lixian County, Shaanxi Province, which follows a community-led model. This study evaluates the impact of rural tourism on rural revitalization using the Entropy-TOPSIS method. Utilizing the IPA (Importance–Performance Analysis) method and an independent samples t-test, a comparative analysis of the two models was conducted to reveal the differences in the effects of rural tourism in promoting rural revitalization between the different models. This study reveals that rural tourism positively impacts the revitalization of rural industries, ecology, culture, talent, and organization. However, the effects of tourism in promoting rural revitalization vary across different tourism development models. This study further suggests that the “multiple interlocking model” may be the future trend of rural tourism development as it can better integrate the resources of the government, communities, and enterprises to achieve more effective rural revitalization. This study deepens the theoretical link between rural tourism and rural revitalization, providing concrete guidance for practice, especially in strategies that drive comprehensive rural revitalization through tourism. Future research should further explore the corporate-led model and the multiple interlocking model and track the evolution of tourism development models through longitudinal comparisons to adapt to the changing needs of rural development.
Innovative Reforestation Strategies to Combat Desertification in Algeria: Insights from the Djelfa Region
Authors: Liiv Jüri , Mefti Mohamed , Poolakese Morten , Rikmann Ergo , Shanskiy Merrit
Published: January 2025

North Africa, including the Sahara Desert, was historically forested, but over the past 10,000 years, the region has undergone significant desertification due to climate change and human activity. The use of wood for heating and grazing destroyed grass cover, which was replaced by shrubby vegetation. The slow-growing nature of the forest flora, often taking thousands of years to mature, has hindered natural regeneration, accelerating desert expansion. Today, desert encroachment is a critical issue, exacerbated by intensive farming and deforestation, which have caused severe soil erosion and the loss of the humus layer, diminishing the soil’s ability to retain water and nutrients. A project led by the Estonian University of Life Sciences and Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique (Algiers) under the EU Climate Action program aims to develop effective methods for reforesting arid areas and restoring the soil’s humus layer. This approach is also suitable for establishing urban greenery in arid and semi-arid climates. The method involves planting tree seedlings equipped with individual water reservoirs in holes lined with water-impermeable biodegradable pipes. These holes are filled with a hardening composite that stores water, sustaining the plants until their roots reach deeper water sources. The composite is primarily made from locally sourced organic waste and ashes. The Djelfa region in central Algeria has been selected as the test site for this method, following comprehensive studies of the area’s soil, climate, and ecosystems. Due to COVID-19 pandemic, the work was transferred to Kenyatta University in Kenya where the preliminary tests show excellent results. The conditions in Nairobi during the dry season are comparable to Djelfa area. The results reveal a significant increase in plant biomass without watering during a dry period. This is extremely important for a desert region where watering is not feasible.
Steel–Timber Hybrid Buildings: A Comparative Life Cycle Assessment Study of Global Warning Potential Impacts
Authors: Trabucco Dario , Perrucci Giovanni
Published: January 2025

Mass timber buildings are gaining momentum, as they are seen as an environmental alternative to conventional concrete and steel structures, and they are also being used for mid- and high-rise buildings. This study conducted a comparative LCA analysis of 20- and 40-story building structures made with different combinations of steel and mass timber. The results show that, even disregarding the environmental benefits of the sequestered biogenic carbon by using a 0/0 approach, timber-based structures result in a roughly 25% lower Global Warming Potential (GWP) impact than steel- or hybrid-based equivalent solutions. The results show that the contribution of steel does not bring any GWP advantage (an average increase of 20% is reported); however, steel–timber hybrid structures may still be the only viable solution to attain greater heights. This study also evidences that materials with lower GWP in their production phase can present a viable solution even when long transportation is required, highlighting the importance of the production phase to reach environmental targets.
Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Water-Level Prediction Model as a Tool for the Sustainable Management of the Vrana Lake (Croatia) Water Supply System
Authors: Sušanj Čule Ivana , Ožanić Nevenka , Volf Goran , Karleuša Barbara
Published: January 2025

With climate change and increasing summer tourism in Croatia, the protection and sustainable management of natural freshwater resources, such as lakes, are becoming crucial. This research aims to develop a predictive hydrological model that can forecast water levels in Vrana Lake to serve as a tool for the sustainable management of water supply systems. Therefore, in this paper, a data-driven predictive model based on an artificial neural network (ANN) is implemented. For this purpose, the multilayer perceptron (MLP) ANN architecture is chosen. For model development, the monthly data of rainfall amount, evaporation, losses, water supply pumping, and lake water levels at Vrana Lake from the years 1954–2022 were used, and the model for water level prediction is developed for time prediction steps: (i) Δt = 1 month, (ii) Δt = 2 months, (iii) Δt = 4 months, and (iv) Δt = 6 months. The model quality assessment indicated strong prediction capabilities for time steps of Δt = 1 month and Δt = 2 months. However, the models for time steps of Δt = 4 months and Δt = 6 months exhibited lower quality. Despite this, they can still serve as valid indicators for predicting trends in water level fluctuations.
Performance Improvement of a Standalone Hybrid Renewable Energy System Using a Bi-Level Predictive Optimization Technique
Authors: Al-Quraan Ayman , Al-Mharat Bashar , Koran Ahmed , Radaideh Ashraf Ghassab
Published: January 2025

A standalone hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) that combines different types of renewable energy sources and storages offers a sustainable energy solution by reducing reliance on fossil fuels and minimizing greenhouse gas emissions. In this paper, a standalone hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) involving wind turbines, photovoltaic (PV) modules, diesel generators (DG), and battery banks is proposed. For this purpose, it is necessary to size and run the proposed system for feeding a residential load satisfactorily. For two typical winter and summer weeks, weather historical data, including irradiance, temperature, wind speed, and load profiles, are used as input data. The overall optimization framework is formulated as a bi-level mixed-integer nonlinear programming (BMINLP) problem. The upper-level part represents the sizing sub-problem that is solved based on economic and environmental multi-objectives. The lower-level part represents the energy management strategy (EMS) sub-problem. The EMS task utilizes the model predictive control (MPC) approach to achieve optimal technoeconomic operational performance. By the definition of BMINLP, the EMS sub-problem is defined within the constraints of the sizing sub-problem. The MATLAB R2023a environment is employed to execute and extract the results of the entire problem. The global optimization solver “ga” is utilized to implement the upper sub-problem while the “intlinprg” solver solves the lower sub-problem. The evaluation metrics used in this study are the operating, maintenance, and investment costs, storage unit degradation, and the number of CO2 emissions.
The Role of Augmented and Virtual Reality in Shaping Retail Marketing: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Fan Xiaowei , Xun Jiyao , Dolega Les , Xiong Lin
Published: January 2025

The Fourth Industrial Revolution has brought advanced technologies such as augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR), transforming consumer behavior in retailing and arousing the interest of scholars in studying customer responses to these technologies in retail settings. However, owing to variations in specific contextual factors, the results of related research have been mixed, which impedes retailers’ capacity to gain a systematic understanding of the formulation of well-informed marketing decisions in the context of AR and VR retailing. To address these gaps, this systematic review synthesizes extant empirical evidence with 1099 effect sizes from 111 published studies with 136 datasets and 547,415 sample sizes. This study is based on well-established theories, including the technology acceptance model, the customer journey theory, and the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology, which are extended to create a more comprehensive framework that is adapted for the customer journey in AR and VR retailing. Our findings reveal significant and positive correlations for all the proposed constructs, including the experience; intrinsic, extrinsic, hedonic, and utilitarian factors; and customer experience, attitude, intention, and loyalty, and verify the significant moderating effects for technology and product types. From a management perspective, our findings provide a systematic understanding of enhancing retailers’ integrated sustainable marketing strategies in the context of AR and VR retail and propose a forward-looking research agenda.
Integrated Optimization of Train Schedules and Transportation Plans for a Passenger–Freight Metro Line
Authors: Di Zhen , Zuo Hanqi , Zhou Housheng , Qi Jianguo , Zhang Shenghu
Published: January 2025

Against the backdrop of developing metro-based passenger and freight co-transportation plans, this study addresses the integrated optimization problem of train scheduling and flow control for a co-transportation metro line, where passengers and freight can share the same trains. Given a set of time-dependent passenger and freight demands, the problem involves determining the space-time trajectories and passenger (or freight) capacities of trains while simultaneously assigning these demands to the trains. To tackle this, train selection variables, carriage arrangement variables, and flow assignment variables are introduced, and the problem is formulated as an integer linear programming model. The objective is to minimize the weighted sum of the number of freight carriages, the total waiting time of all passengers, and the total delay of all freight. The proposed model is equivalent to a mixed-integer linear programming model, which allows a commercial solver to efficiently find the exact solution. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, several numerical examples of varying scales are tested. The results demonstrate that integrating the optimization of train schedules and co-transportation plans significantly enhances the efficiency of the entire co-transportation system.
Modeling the Effects of Strict Protection of Forest Areas—Part of the Provisions of the EU Biodiversity Strategy 2030
Authors: Giełda-Pinas Katarzyna , Starosta-Grala Monika , Wieruszewski Marek , Dynowska Joanna , Molińska-Glura Marta , Adamowicz Krzysztof
Published: January 2025

The case study included approx. 0.5 million ha of forest areas in Poland that are managed by the Regional Directorate of State Forests. The objective was to assess the impact of four different scenarios restricting the size of forest areas available for commercial use. Based on different criteria, each scenario set aside 10% of the total land area for strict protection on forested land, which is in line with the EU Biodiversity Strategy 2030. The economic impact (volume of reduced wood raw material) was statistically estimated for each of the four scenarios. It was confirmed that the layout of forest habitats is essential for specific limitations in forest production. For the optimal implementation of the provisions of the strategy, a balance in the selection of social, economic, and natural elements must be considered. This protects primarily the most valuable natural habitats characterized by the highest level of biodiversity, age diversity, and dispersion within the studied forest unit. The presented results may support decision-making processes used to maximize biodiversity protection while minimizing the negative economic impact of this environmental protection.
A New Breakthrough in Travel Behavior Modeling Using Deep Learning: A High-Accuracy Prediction Method Based on a CNN
Authors: Wen Xuli , Chen Xin
Published: January 2025

Accurately predicting travel mode choice is crucial for effective transportation planning and policymaking. While traditional approaches rely on discrete choice models, recent advancements in machine learning offer promising alternatives. This study proposes a novel convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture optimized using orthogonal experimental design to predict travel mode choice. Using the SwissMetro dataset, which represents a specific intercity travel context in Switzerland, we evaluate our CNN model’s performance and compare it with traditional machine learning algorithms and previous studies. The key innovations of our study include: (1) an optimized CNN architecture designed to capture complex patterns in travel behavior data, and (2) the application of orthogonal experimental design to efficiently identify optimal hyperparameter settings. The results demonstrate that the proposed CNN model significantly outperforms logit models, support vector machines, random forests, gradient boosting, and even state-of-the-art techniques combining discrete choice models with neural networks. The optimized CNN achieves a remarkable 95% accuracy, surpassing the best-performing benchmarks by 14–25%. The proposed methodology offers a powerful tool for understanding travel behavior, improving travel demand forecasting, and informing transportation planning decisions. Our findings contribute to the growing body of literature on machine learning applications in transportation and pave the way for further advancements in this field.
Toward Adjusting a Conceptual Model for Adaptive Reuse Practice in the Context of Sustainability: A Case Study of Historical Military Buildings in the North of Iraq
Authors: Baiz Zhiry Hawez , Atakara Cemil
Published: January 2025

This study aims to design a practical model for better understanding and practicing adaptive reuse of historic military buildings in the north of Iraq while also highlighting its integration into sustainability. Although adaptive reuse is becoming increasingly common, limited studies have shown the impact of building typology on reuse practices and how it contributes to sustainability. Each building typology has some characteristics and values that may influence the practice of reusing them. Qualitative methodology using both the literature review and field studies was utilized to achieve this study’s goals. The literature review was applied to illustrate the main components of the research and conduct the conceptual framework. The literature reviews, supported by researcher investigations and historical reviews, helped the researchers to demonstrate the procedure that was followed to reuse these buildings. Finally, field studies, incorporating questionnaires and researchers’ observations, were conducted to evaluate the reused military buildings in the region. Based on the findings, the model was designed. The results emphasize key considerations for this building typology, focusing on environmental connections, embedded information, architectural integrity, monumental status, and intrinsic values. Further, it underscores the positive interaction of the model with environmental, social, cultural, and economic sustainability concepts.
Revolution of Digital Marketing with DeFi Systems for Cultural Organizations
Authors: Fotiadis Thomas , Sakas Damianos P. , Papadopoulou Alkistis E. , Andreou Artemis G. , Reklitis Dimitrios P. , Giannakopoulos Nikolaos T.
Published: January 2025

Cultural organizations, such as museums, increasingly seek innovative ways to enhance their financial sustainability and attract diverse, global audiences. Implementing cryptocurrency payments and DeFi systems offers these institutions an opportunity to modernize their operations, streamline transactions, and boost digital marketing efforts, aligning with the growing demand for decentralized financial solutions. Using statistical analyses such as correlations and simple linear regression (SLR) models, combined with AnyLogic modeling, this study examines how integrating DeFi systems, including cryptocurrency payments, can improve the sustainable management of these institutions. The findings suggest that by adopting DeFi technologies, museums can enhance their digital marketing efficiency, increase engagement, and attract a broader audience. The analysis reveals that museums accepting cryptocurrency benefit from broader digital marketing factors, with referral and branded traffic significantly driving organic search, whereby paid social traffic correlates positively with paid strategies, and the authority score is largely influenced by organic traffic. In contrast, non-crypto museums rely more heavily on referral traffic and organic costs, with narrower marketing influences affecting their performance.
Reducing Food Waste in Indonesia: Examining the Moderating Roles of Impulsive Buying and Value-Seeking in Discount Strategies
Authors: Leksono Agung Budi , He Yuanqiong
Published: January 2025

This study examines the application of discount strategies to reduce consumer food waste in Indonesia, focusing on the interplay between bundling discounts as short-term interventions and loyalty member discounts as long-term interventions. Indonesia is a country facing serious environmental and economic challenges due to its position among the largest generators of food waste in the world. This research investigates the impact of bundling discounts, moderated by impulsive buying, and loyalty member discounts, moderated by value-seeking behavior, on reducing food waste. In a quantitative approach, SEM was employed, with data sampled through questionnaires distributed across major Indonesian cities renowned for their large restaurant industries, including Bali, Jakarta, Yogyakarta, and Malang. A total of 350 questionnaires distributed resulted in 312 being eligible for further analysis. The findings indicate that bundling discounts have certain positive effects, which are usually weakened by impulsive buying, leading to over-purchasing. However, loyalty member discounts have stronger and more sustainable impacts, mediated by value-seeking behavior that encourages planned and responsible consumption. These findings highlight that tailored discount strategies have a critical role in food waste reduction, while loyalty programs provide an effective framework for sustainability. Insights from this study put restaurant managers and policymakers in a better position to align Indonesia’s discount strategies with its sustainability goals and to advance responsible consumption practices in the restaurant sector.
Design and Stress Analysis of a New Distributed Single Tank Molten Salt Heat Storage System with Internal Heat Source
Authors: Li Hongtao , Wang Zheng , Song Qingsong , Li Xudong , Li Jiageng
Published: January 2025

Molten salt energy storage technology shows great potential in a sustainable energy integrated system for its excellent thermal energy storage efficiency and environmental adaptability, and it has received much attention from the academic community. To improve the efficiency of traditional dual-tank heat storage systems, a new distributed single tank thermal storage system with an internal heat source was proposed. The single tank was designed according to API 650 and EN 13445-3:2012 specifications, and the specific data of the storage tank was obtained by combining application examples. The results show the following: (1) the stress of the molten salt storage tank with internal electric heating increases during the heating process, and the peak stress appears at the connection position below the tank body and the electric heater sleeve. (2) The increasing electric heater sleeves lead to the increase in tank stress, and when the number of electric heater sleeves increases from four to eight, the tank stress increases by 24%. (3) The stress of the tank reduces with the increasing axial height of the electric heater sleeve. The stress of the tank is reduced by 8% when the position of the electric heater sleeve is increased from 400 mm to 800 mm. This study can provide some theoretical support for the design and optimization of a single-tank molten salt heat storage system and provide a reference for the design of such storage tanks with a built-in heat source.
Digital Transformation in the Paper Industry: Assessing Maturity, Challenges, and Opportunities
Authors: Othen Rosario , Padberg Jörg , Möbitz Christian , Gries Thomas
Published: January 2025

The paper industry is undergoing a critical phase of digital transformation, driven by the need for increased efficiency and sustainability. This study offers an initial insight into the industry’s digitalisation status based on a survey conducted at the ZELLCHEMING Expo 2024 by ZELLCHEMING’s technical committee DATA. The survey assessed the digital maturity of various companies and the industry, uncovering data management practices and key challenges. The findings reveal a discrepancy between the companies’ self-assessed digital maturity and their views on the industry’s overall digitalisation, with the companies generally rating the industry as being on a rather low maturity whilst rating their own maturity more favourably. Challenges, such as legacy systems, data quality issues, and inconsistent digitalisation efforts, persist, although there is a notable awareness of the importance of data. The study highlights the potential of frameworks, like the Industrie 4.0 Maturity Index and the VDI Guideline for Industrie 4.0, in guiding digital transformation. To enhance digital maturity, companies must advance through the stages of digital integration, address key obstacles, and align digital initiatives with strategic goals. This paper offers practical recommendations for advancing digital capabilities and achieving long-term sustainability and competitiveness not only in the paper industry but also generally for manufacturing enterprises. Ultimately, this research emphasises the need for a cohesive approach to digitalisation, which involves all stakeholders—from management to operational staff—in fostering resilience and adaptability in an ever-evolving industrial landscape.
Modeling and Analysis of the Impact of Quality Growth and Financial Development on Environmental Sustainability: Evidence from EU Countries
Authors: Yıldırım Furkan , Ünlü Ulaş , Kuloğlu Ayhan , Çıtak Özkan
Published: January 2025

This study examines the impact of financial development and quality growth on environmental sustainability in European Union (EU) countries, making a significant contribution to the existing literature by introducing a composite index for environmental sustainability and emphasizing quality growth as a more inclusive alternative to traditional economic growth indicators. Unlike conventional studies, which often measure environmental sustainability using single indicators, this research introduces a composite index that includes both environmental damage (e.g., carbon emissions) and protective factors (e.g., forest area, renewable energy consumption). This innovative approach provides a more holistic assessment of environmental sustainability, distinguishing this study from existing research. The results emphasize the role of a robust financial system in promoting environmental sustainability, as each unit increase in financial development is positively correlated with the environmental sustainability ratio, encouraging investments and projects that prioritize environmental goals. In addition, the study shows that quality growth, which takes into account social welfare and resource efficiency in addition to economic expansion, is crucial for promoting sustainability. By focusing on quality growth, this study shifts the paradigm from mere quantitative economic expansion to a more comprehensive understanding of growth that integrates social and environmental dimensions. This nuanced approach contrasts with traditional models that focus on quantitative economic growth, highlighting that both quality growth and financial development are critical to supporting long-term environmental goals. This research provides actionable insights for policymakers by emphasizing the need for financial reforms, such as green bond markets and sustainable credit mechanisms, to support sustainable development.
Scientific Progress on Entrepreneurship in the Circular Economy: A Scientometric Analysis
Authors: Batista-Canino Rosa M. , Sosa-Cabrera Silvia , Medina-Brito Pino , Santana-Hernández Lidia
Published: January 2025

This paper adopts a scientometric approach to establish a research framework to guide the study of entrepreneurship in the circular economy (ECE) for the coming years. Two hundred papers published on ECE in journals indexed in WOS and Scopus show that this area of research is still in its embryonic stage and that it is geared towards two key axes: environmental and management aspects. In addition to framing the study of ECE based on the concept of conscious entrepreneurship, this paper shows that it is critical to focus efforts on understanding the challenges and obstacles facing the transition from a linear to a circular economy. Furthermore, it is essential to determine the enabling factors from both contextual and organizational perspectives, with a particular focus on examining the negative externalities of ECE. The role of researchers in this field is key to not only better understanding the phenomenon but also to prescribing and disseminating this philosophy on which to base economic growth in the remainder of the century.
From Location Advantage to Innovation: Exploring Interprovincial Co-Funding Networks in Mainland China
Authors: Wang Feifei , Wang Hanbai , An Yuxuan , Xue Rui , Zhang Yuanke , Hao Tianqi
Published: January 2025

This study examines the regional co-funding network as a novel framework for advancing high-quality fundamental research amid systemic reforms in science funding. Based on provincial joint funding data from Mainland China retrieved via the WoS-SCIE and SSCI databases (2013–2022), an interprovincial co-funding network was constructed. Social network analysis, kernel density estimation, and fixed-effects regression analysis were employed to explore the evolution of regional location advantages and their impact on technological innovation. The findings reveal that the co-funding network has become increasingly balanced over time, significantly enhancing the location-based innovation advantages of individual provinces and strengthening the network’s overall capacity to foster innovation. This improved equilibrium has positively influenced regional scientific output, demonstrating that a province’s position within the co-funding network—particularly its individual location advantage—plays a pivotal role in advancing technological progress. However, persistent disparities in regional collaboration and development remain, underscoring the need for more coordinated strategies to address uneven growth dynamics. By introducing the co-funding network as an analytical lens, this study uncovers the hidden channels of resource synergy and their influence on regional innovation. The results provide actionable insights for optimizing co-funding mechanisms and enhancing interprovincial collaboration to maximize innovation potential in China.
Urban Scenic Spot Activity Center Investment: Strategic Construction Company Selection Using the Grey System-II Thinking Compromise Ranking of Alternatives from Distance to Ideal Solution Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Method
Authors: Zhang Shuo , Esangbedo Moses Olabhele
Published: January 2025

Investing in urban scenic spots is a complex process that requires careful consideration of multiple criteria to ensure sustainability and efficiency. In the post-pandemic era, the uncertainty of future trends necessitates effective risk management and informed investment decisions. Revitalizing urban scenic spots while maintaining profitability, along with the construction of multi-purpose activity centers, requires a thorough evaluation of construction companies. This study addresses the selection of the most suitable contractor for constructing multi-purpose activity chain centers as a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) problem. We address the intricacies of contractor selection by integrating MCDM and system thinking approaches, emphasizing the alignment of investment strategies with broader urban development goals. First, a time delay was introduced between the first and second rounds of administering the weighting questionnaire to capture decision-makers’ preferences for the evaluation criteria as System-2 thinking, then the Grey System-2 Thinking (GS2T) weighting method was proposed for group decision-making. Second, the Compromise Ranking of Alternatives from Distance to Ideal Solution (CRADIS) method was incorporated into the Grey Systems Theory (GST), resulting in the development of the Grey-CRADIS method, which was applied to rank seven contractors for constructing activity centers across four urban scenic spots. Using the proposed GS2T with the developed Grey-CRADIS method in conjunction with the decision-makers’ preferences, Company-2 was found to be the best contractor for the construction project. Finally, classical MCDM methods such as theWeighted Sum Model (WSM) and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) were employed to confirm the top-ranking contractor.
Subchronic Exposure to Low-Dose Chlorfenapyr and Emamectin Benzoate Disrupts Kidney Metabolism in Rats
Authors: Zhang Di , Song Xiao-Hua , Yang Dan , Ge Mu-Zi , Qiu Jun , Jiang Han-Qing , Sun Yan-Yan , Li Xiang-dong , Wu Yi-Jun
Published: January 2025

Residues of the pesticides chlorfenapyr (CFP) and emamectin benzoate (EMB) often coexist in the environment and can be accumulated in the body. To understand the impact of these two chemicals on health, we investigated their effect on the kidneys. In this study, rats were treated with CFP and/or EMB at low/medium/high doses of 1/3/9 mg/kg/day and 0.2/0.6/1.8 mg/kg/day, respectively, via oral gavage for 60 days. Kidneys and serum samples were collected and serum biochemistry and kidney histopathological changes were analyzed and examined. Kidney metabolome alterations were analyzed by using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The results showed that combined exposure to CFP and EMB elevated BUN levels and induced pathological damage, which presented as thinner renal tubular epithelial cells, an abnormal glomerular morphology, and an increased fibrotic area. CFP and/or EMB disrupted glutathione metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism, resulting in the alteration of kidney metabolomes and inducing oxidative stress in the cells of kidney tissues. In addition, CFP decreased ATP content and inhibited pyruvate PDH activity in the kidneys. These findings suggest that long-term exposure to CFP and EMB at environmentally relevant levels induce alterations in the renal metabolome, oxidative stress, and an insufficient energy supply, which may contribute to renal histopathological damage.
Innovations in TB Screening and Preventive Therapy Services for PLHIV in Yogyakarta City, Indonesia
Authors: Catrianiningsih Dani , Sanjaya Guardian Yoki , Chan Geoff , Nababan Betty Weri Yolanda , Triasih Rina , Intani Desthi Diah , Rahayu Endang Sri
Published: January 2025

Tuberculosis preventive therapy (TPT) for people living with HIV (PLHIV) has been recommended by Indonesia’s National TB Program since 2014 but has seen limited implementation. This study describes TB screening and TPT initiation from 2019 to 2022 among eight healthcare facilities supported by the Zero TB Yogyakarta (ZTB) project. ZTB assigned a dedicated nurse to assist with active TB screening among PLHIV and recommended the immediate initiation of TPT as an innovation implemented. Data were obtained from the national HIV program reporting system, routinely reported by ART clinics from 2019 to 2022. We conducted a descriptive analysis, comparing the pre-intervention and intervention periods. During the intervention, there was a significant increase in PLHIV visits to healthcare facilities where TPT eligibility was assessed. At health centers, TB screening coverage for PLHIV decreased toward the end of the baseline period but recovered during the intervention. The number of PLHIV starting TPT also rose during the intervention. While the direct impact of ZTB is difficult to measure, the changes observed indicate progress in integrating TB/HIV services and enhancing TB prevention among PLHIV. Ongoing support, training, and supervision of healthcare facilities are crucial for improving TB screening and TPT provision.
Exploration of the Relationship Between the Population and Football Stadiums in Romania
Authors: Herman Grigore Vasile , Caciora Tudor , Herman Mariana Laura , Șandra Mihai , Bulz Gheorghe Codruț
Published: January 2025

A sport is a specific human activity with deep cultural and social meanings that involves cooperation and competitiveness according to well-established rules. One of the most representative sports at the local and global levels is football thanks to the large number of people and resources involved in supporting it. The aim of the study is to explore the connection between communities and football stadiums at a spatial level (development region, county and cities). From a methodological point of view, multicriteria analysis (eight criteria, four for the population and four for football stadiums) was utilized to determine and define the various relationships between the population and football stadiums. The obtained results highlighted, at the spatial level, the existence of some non-correlations between the population and football stadiums. Thus, the existence of strong relationships at the level of development regions (75%), followed by those established at the level of cities (24.1) and counties (2.4), were identified. The strongest relationships were established in the Northwest, Central and South development regions; in Bihor County and in cities like Bucharest, Brașov, Constanta and Iași.
‘It’s Already Hard and It’s Nearing Impossible’: A Thematic Analysis of Submissions by Rural Veterinarians to the NSW Parliamentary Inquiry into the Veterinary Workforce Shortage
Authors: Thio Sharon Mary Pepita , Quain Anne
Published: January 2025

There is a global veterinary workforce shortage, particularly in rural and regional areas. In response to this shortage in New South Wales (NSW), the State Parliament launched a Parliamentary Inquiry in 2023. The Inquiry received 205 publicly available written submissions, providing insights into the perceived challenges and barriers for veterinarians working in rural practice, and how the perceived impact of the feminisation of the workforce interacts with this. By analysing a subset of submissions written by veterinarians reporting lived experiences in rural practice (n = 63), we identified eight major themes. These were as follows: rural practices are not financially sustainable; rural veterinarians often have a more challenging and higher workload than their urban counterparts; working in rural practice increases challenges to health and wellbeing; it is difficult to recruit and retain people in rural practice; veterinary students are poorly selected and not well prepared for rural practice; clients have unrealistic expectations of rural veterinarians; rural practice is not compatible with family life; and veterinarians have mixed opinions regarding whether an increase in the proportion of female veterinarians is a key contributing factor in the shortage of veterinarians. These findings may assist in the development of recruitment and retention strategies for rural veterinary practice.