bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How Geopolitical Crisis Events Affect Public Opinion on Foreign Policy: Evidence from the 2022 Russian Invasion of Ukraine
Authors: Peez Anton , Bethke Felix S.
Published: August 2023

How do dramatic international crisis events change ordinary citizens’ foreign policy preferences, and how long might these changes last? Scholarship on public opinion has found that the public’s views on foreign policy are generally remarkably consistent and coherent. However, due to the relative rarity of extreme foreign policy events, evidence on how they might affect and change these views and preferences is scare. We present experimental evidence from the February 24, 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, a watershed moment for the post-World War II international order that will likely shape global economic and political relations for decades. Our study presents unique panel data from a pre-registered three-wave survey experiment on economic sanctions, collected immediately before, at the height of, and one year into the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. We find that the invasion caused a substantial short-term increase in public support for economic sanctions, much of which persisted one year later. This shows how, in contrast to the usual persistence of public opinion on foreign policy, international crisis events can meaningfully affect preferences in the short and medium term. Our results also provide rare and important insights on the external validity of survey experiments in International Relations. We show that measures taken based on hypothetical scenarios are indeed good indicators of public opinion in moments of real-world foreign policy crisis as it relates to policy priorities.
The ethical and scientific challenges of ChatGPT in health: utopianism, technophobia and pragmatism
Authors: Valiña Luis García , Mastroleo Ignacio
Published: August 2023

The public release of version 3.5 of the ChatGPT conversational algorithm in November 2022 marked a turning point in the ongoing process of technological change. Although the technology itself is not novel, its ability to generate human-like responses has led to two prevailing attitudes in the public debate about artificial intelligence (AI). On the one hand, optimistic enthusiasm about its advances and, on the other, a pessimistic dystopian view that fears AI control of humanity. However, the article questions these dematerialized and abstract perspectives and proposes a "pragmatist" approach. This approach seeks to use technology thoughtfully, considering its impact and future development to make informed decisions from the outset. It is argued that the pragmatist conception is essential to properly guide the use of technologies such as ChatGPT and ensure a beneficial future for society. The article focuses on the use of ChatGPT in healthcare. [ChatGPT has been used to summarize the original text of the abstract]
Group coordination catalyzes individual and cultural intelligence
Authors: Wu Charley M , Dale Rick , Hawkins Robert
Published: August 2023

A large program of research has aimed to ground large-scale cultural phenomena in processes taking place within individual minds. For example, investigating whether individual agents equipped with the right social learning strategies can enable cumulative cultural evolution given long enough time horizons. However, this approach often omits the critical group-level processes that mediate between individual agents and multi-generational societies. Here, we argue that interacting groups are a necessary and explanatory level of analysis, linking individual and collective intelligence through two characteristic feedback loops. In the first loop, more sophisticated individual-level social learning mechanisms based on Theory of Mind facilitate group-level complementarity, allowing distributed knowledge to be compositionally recombined in groups; these group-level innovations, in turn, ease the cognitive load on individuals. In the second loop, societal-level processes of cumulative culture provide groups with new cognitive technologies, including shared language and conceptual abstractions, which set in motion new group-level processes to further coordinate, recombine, and innovate. Taken together, these cycles establish group-level interaction as a dual engine of intelligence, catalyzing both individual cognition and cumulative culture.
Pebble tools and colored rocks in the collection of the Late Palaeolithic site of Eliseevitchi 1 stored in Kustkamera Museum
Authors:   Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Stepanova Ksenia
Published: August 2023

The article presents a functional definition of several finds made by K.M. Polikarpovich at the initial stage of studying the most interesting and complex site of the Late Upper Paleolithic — Eliseevichi 1. Previously, a large number of stones found in the ash lens in the excavation area 2 (1936) were noted only as a specific feature of the cultural layer, but their categorical analysis was not carried out. This study focuses on the tools identified in the assemblage of «crystalline rocks» (hammerstones and tools for crushing raw materials for mineral colorants, including those with painted surfaces), and probably non-utilitarian objects — stones with colored blurs. Although the described groups consist of a small number of finds (see Table 1), they display high level of homogeneity of features on intra-group level, and the tools inclusion in the general production context of the industry as well as. This represents, on the one hand, a full cycle of the production of tools from local cretaceous flint, and on the other hand, all stages of the production of mineral colorants, from splitting pieces and burning them to “pencils” with traces of use, also founded in the collection. While the previous long-term interdisciplinary studies of the Eliseevichi 1 site established the complex character of the cultural layer formation, its accumulation over repeated visits to the cape by ancient groups, possibly even within several millennia, however, the assemblage of artifacts of granular rocks from the excavation space 2 (1936) seems to be a rather homogeneous complex, characterized by the stylistic unity, manifested through the coloring of individual surfaces of tools and split pebbles.
The collection of archaeological artifacts from the Upper Paleolithic site of Sungir, stored in the State Vladimir and Suzdal Museum: the history of acquisition and scientific study
Authors:   The State Vladimir and Suzdal museum-reserve, Bazilevich Ludmila
Published: August 2023

The article is an analytical review of a museum collection of archaeological materials from the excavations of the Sungir site, which is one of the most famous sites of the Upper Paleolithic. The collection is stored in the State Vladimir and Suzdal Museum and is one of the most important parts of the museum funds. It’s distinguished by a high degree of study and is actively used in the main areas of the museum activity. The history of replenishment and the structure of the collection correspond to the dynamics of changes in the understanding of the site place in the Upper Paleolithic of the Russian Plain. The objects of the collection have long remained in the focus of attention of researchers, and they still retain the prospect of further study. The materials of the collection are mainly represented by stone tools, items made of bone and horn and by a set of inventory from burials. Since mostly only few artifacts from burials and anthropological materials were of interest to the scientific community, the scientific processing of the collection is carried out unevenly. The article describes the main categories of funeral inventory and gives overview of the current state of the collection. From a museum point of view, the collection fully complies with all regulatory requirements for the accounting and storage of items. The materials of the Sungir site have not only purely scientific, but also public significance, which allows them to be used in permanent exhibitions and other museum projects. A detailed analysis of the collection from the point of museum specifics makes it possible to simplify the work of archaeologists-researchers and emphasize its potential for further study.
Analisis Brand Signature dan Brand Logo Terhadap Brand Performance
Authors: Yuliana Lingga , Apriyana Nurliya , Fadillah Muhammad Adam
Published: August 2023

Peluang usaha skincare menjadi begitu menjanjikan belakangan karena memiliki pangsa pasar yang sangat luas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis brand signature dan brand logo terhadap brand performance dengan studi kasus merek skincare lokal. Research gap dalam penelitian ini adalah knowledge gap dimana penelitian ini akan memberikan pengetahuan mengenai brand signature dan brand logo terhadap brand performance. Dimana korelasi antara brand signature dan brand logo serta brand signature terhadap brand performance serta brand logo dengan brand performance belum ada penelitian sebelumnya. Penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif untuk menganalisis brand signature dan brand logo terhadap brand performance merek produk skincare lokal. Subjek penelitian ini adalah individu yang sudah memiliki pengalaman untuk menggunakan merek produk skincare lokal di Jakarta.  Pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan kriteria yaitu individu yang sudah mengonsumsi produk skincare dan responden dalam penelitian ini merupakan pengguna skincare dengan rentang usia 12 tahun – 55 tahun. Alat analisis yang digunakan dengan Smart-PLS. Jumlah responden dalam penelitian sebanyak 151. Sumber data yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah data primer dan sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa hipotesis pertama, dimana terjadi pengaruh antara Brand Signature memiliki pengaruh terhadap Brand Performance. Hipotesis kedua, Brand Logo memiliki pengaruh terhadap Brand Performance. Hipotesis ketiga, Brand Signature mempengaruhi Brand Logo. Due to its large market share, the skincare business prospect has recently become quite lucrative. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of brand logo and brand signature on brand performance using case studies of regional skincare companies. The brand signatures and logos of local skincare product brands were examined using a quantitative method and a descriptive approach in this study. Individuals with prior experience utilizing regional skincare product brands in Jakarta served as the study's subjects. In this study, purposive sampling was utilized to select respondents who had used skincare products. Respondents' ages ranged from 12 to 55 years old, and they were skincare users. PLS, or partial least squares, is the analysis method employed. Analyzing tool for Smart-PLS. 151 people participated in the survey as respondents. Primary and secondary data were used as the research's data sources. The study's findings support the first hypothesis, according to which there is a relationship between brand signatures and brand performance. According to the second theory, brand performance is influenced by the logo. The third theory holds that Brand Logo is impacted by Brand Signature. Local skincare brand managers work hard to ensure that the target market's customers always choose their products. This can reinforce consumers' preferences for local brands over global brands and cultivate their passion for them.
Pengaruh Green Investment Dalam Financial Performance: Efek Moderasi dari Environmental Policy
Authors: Novia Jessica , Candy Candy
Published: August 2023

Banyak perusahaan berlomba-lomba menunjukkan kinerja terbaiknya melalui keuntungan. Namun, kini fokus perusahaan tidak sekedar mencari profit tetapi juga melakukan CSR agar dapat berdampak pada people dan melakukan green investment untuk dapat berdampak pada planet. Beberapa penelitian terdahulu menunjukkan green investment dapat mempengaruhi financial performance, namun berdasarkan data jumlah perusahaan yang mengikuti PROPER dengan rata-rata financial performance menunjukkan hasil yang berbanding terbalik. Selain itu, juga masih terdapat kontroversi pada beberapa penelitian terdahulu terkait pengaruh environmental policy terhadap financial performance, apakah dapat meningkatkan financial performance atau tidak sehingga penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan mengetahui hasil yang sebenarnya. Metode analisis regresi panel adalah metode yang digunakan untuk menganalisis penelitian ini, yang mana hasil yang diperoleh yaitu green investment dan environmental policy tidak dapat mempengaruhi financial performance, akan tetapi green investment dapat berpengaruh terhadap financial performance ketika dimoderasikan oleh environmental policy. Penelitian ini hanya berfokus pada perusahaan yang secara konsisten memperoleh peringkat PROPER selama tahun 2017-2021, sehingga hanya diperoleh 135 data. Many companies are competing to show their best performance through profits. However, now the company's focus is not just looking for profits but also doing CSR to impact people and making green investments to impact the planet. Some previous studies show that green investment can affect financial performance. However, the results are inversely proportional between the companies participating in the corporate performance rating assessment program in environmental management (PROPER) and the average financial performance. In addition, there is still controversy in some previous studies regarding the effect of environmental policy on financial performance. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of green investment on financial performance moderated by environmental policy. The data used is data on companies that consistently obtained PROPER ratings during 2017-2021, so the panel regression analysis method is used in this study. The results of the analysis show that green investment and environmental policy cannot affect financial performance, but green investment can affect financial performance when moderated by environmental policy.
Dealing the problem of heteroscedasticity in Data Envelopment Analysis
Authors: K Kamatchi , V Prakash
Published: August 2023

There are various performance or efficiency measurements of similar type of organizations known as Decision Making Units (DMU). One of the effective tools for assessing the effectiveness of DMUs is the non-parametric Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach. However, the presence of heteroscedasticity in the inputs and outputs affect the results of DEA. By computing the efficiency estimates in this work, the author tried to eliminate the heteroscedasticity. Additionally, for the sake of an empirical inquiry, the author took into account information on non-life insurance businesses in India. The study's goal is to determine how heteroscedasticity affects DEA efficiency estimations.
Study of Migratory Avifauna of Santragachi Jheel
Authors: Palit (Paul) Sobhana
Published: August 2023

Long-term ecological monitoring of urban environments is vital to determining the composition of faunal communities in the surrounding area. In West Bengal, SantragachiJheel, which is a 12.75-hectare wetland situated beside a railway station on the west bank of the river Hugli in the vicinity of Kolkata city, is an abode of various migratory birds. As it is surrounded by dense human habitations, railway yards, etc., the existing biodiversity of the lake is under various levels of anthropogenic pressure. Considering this scenario, an effort has been made to inventory the avifaunal diversity of this wetland. Transect walks, point transect and direct observation methods were deployed for the avifaunal survey. This paper reported that birds used the lake mostly from November of one year to February–March of the following year, which is their main migratory season. The avifauna included both local and winter migrants. The family Anatidae excels all other families put together, having the highest number of species. It was found that 44% of the species are resident, rest are either resident migratory or migratory. Among the birds, the lesser whistling duck was found to be the dominant one, followed by the Gadwall and Northern Pintail. Birds like the common moorhen, little egret, and cattle egret are the resident birds found there, along with many migratory birds. Rare birds like swinhoe’s snipe and ferruginous pochard were also spotted there. Some rare birds, which are nearly threatened, were also spotted. Policymakers and planners are required for effective management actions in this lake ecosystem.
Community, Cooperation and Public Libraries: The Need of Bonding for Sustainability
Authors: Karkee Prabin , Das Biswajit
Published: August 2023

Inter-organizational cooperation represents a process in which organisations believe in interdependence and pool resources in the interest of obtaining common benefits that each partner could not secure independently. This paper is an attempt to understand and evaluate the bonding of community, cooperation, and public libraries for sustainable development. The types of cooperation and community information services (CIS) have been traced by briefly presenting the theoretical aspect of community. Elements of cooperation for sustainability have also been presented. The paper also provides insight on factors affecting cooperation, the public library’s cooperation with other organizations, etc
Urban Social Sustainability: The Notion and the Measurable Aspects
Authors: Guha Majumder Krishanu
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Urban social sustainability is about people’s quality of life, now and in the future. It is enhanced by development, which provides the right infrastructure to support a strong social and cultural life, opportunities for people to get involved, and scope for the place and the community to evolve. The present descriptive paper, based on a theory-oriented explanatory study, tries to comprehend the notion of 'Urban Social Sustainability' and identify its quantifiable features. Methodology: With the help of the ‘desk research’ methodology, the present empirical theory-oriented descriptive study aims to present the perspective (abstraction and interpretation) of ‘Urban Social Sustainability’ and its measurable aspects. To get insight into the objectives, the ‘desk research’ methodology has been used in this study. The study essentially involves the collection and collation of related information from various resources. Several documents, ranging from scholarly literature to government reports and pertinent acts (state and/or central), have been reviewed. Result: There are influences from some external factors on the dynamic process of Urban Social Sustainability on regional and spatial scales, including service provision by local government and local economic, environmental, and political aspects at a broader scale. Conclusion: The present paper figures out the measurable aspects of Urban Social Sustainability and finds out the linkages between them. The "Common Accredited Indicators" are principally categorised into two groups: (a) indicators of equality in social infrastructure (basic amenities and social infrastructure) and (b) indicators of community sustainability
The scope of the employee's right to permissible public criticism of the supervisor. Gloss to the judgment of the Supreme Court of 28 August 2013, I PK 48/13. critical voice
Authors: Kobroń-Gąsiorowska Łucja
Published: August 2023

Niniejsza glosa omawia stanowisko Sądu Najwyższego zajęte w wyroku z z dnia 28 sierpnia 2013 r., I PK 48/13. Główna teza Sądu dotyczyła możliwości pracownika do dozwolonej, publicznej krytyki przełożonego tj. prawa do whistleblowingu, czyli ujawnienia nieprawidłowości w funkcjonowaniu zakładu pracy polegających na różnego rodzaju aktach nierzetelności, nieuczciwości z udziałem pracodawcy lub jego przedstawicieli, gdy nie prowadzi to do naruszenia jego obowiązków pracowniczych polegających w szczególności na dbaniu o dobro zakładu pracy i zachowaniu w tajemnicy informacji, których ujawnienie mogłoby narazić pracodawcę na szkodę (obowiązek lojalności; nienaruszania interesów pracodawcy - art. 100 § 1 pkt 4 k.p. Brak konsekwencji Sądu Najwyższego w orzeczeniu pomiędzy poinformowaniem opinii publicznej o nieprawidłowościach w miejscu pracy, a obowiązkiem lojalności pracowniczej powoduje powstanie jeszcze większych wątpliwości po stronie pracowników, chcących ujawnić nieprawidłowości. Zdaniem Autora stanowisko zajęte w sprawie nie wyjaśnia kiedy lojalność jest wiążąca dla pracownika. Brak konsekwencji Sądu Najwyższego zostało powielone w następnych orzeczeniach np. z dnia 10 maja 2018 r.
Municipal Lex Contractus – Effectiveness of the Terms and Conditions for the Sale of Real Estate from the Municipal Real Estate Stock in Shaping the Real Estate Development Process
Authors: Słotwiński Szymon
Published: August 2023

The municipality, acting in the sphere of dominium, independently decides on the use and manner of use of individual assets. However, the trade in real estate constituting the subject of ownership of this local self-government unit requires compliance with a number of legal regulations, the most significant of which is the Act of August 21, 1997 on Real Estate Management (consolidated text Journal of Laws of 2021 item 1899, as amended). However, none of the provisions of the law refers explicitly to the freedom and limits of shaping by the municipality of the terms and conditions for the disposal of real estate, which in the case of a non-tender route are determined in negotiations conducted with the buyer, while in the case of a tender they are announced in the contract notice. The content established in this manner is then included in the protocol, which forms the basis for the conclusion of the contract, and thus directly affects the shape of the contractual legal relationship. The purpose of the publication will therefore firstly be to set out the legal framework for the municipality’s determination towards the future buyer of the real estate of the specific manner, in which the investment is to be carried out, as well as to answer the question as to the real possibility of the former owner (municipality) co-shaping the investment proces on the sold real estate after the buyer has signed the contract. The importance of the issue under consideration is expressed in the decision as to whether the creation by the municipality of its own lex contractus by means of the terms and conditions for the disposal of the real estate relating to specific deadlines for the commencement and completion of the investment process, the manner of use and development of the real estate, as well as the liability of the new owner towards the previous owner for their violation, is legally effective and can actually be enforced by the municipality.
Mandatory Mediation in Family Disputes – An Emerging Trend in the European Union?
Authors: Korsakoviene Indre , Branimirova Radanova Julija , Tvaronavičienė Agnė
Published: August 2023

The Mediation Directive (2008) obliged the Member States of the European Union to promote the use of mediation through their own means. A decade later, the results of several studies revealed that national efforts to foster mediation were not as effective as planned in most cases. Despite some scholars’ concerns about restricting mediation voluntariness as means for increasing its application, Italy introduced a mandatory mediation scheme which proved that forcing parties to mediate results in high numbers of mediation procedures with favorable success rates. This led other Member States to reconsider the role of the State in fostering mediation. This article tackles the prevalence of mandatory mediation in family disputes, as an area widely recognized as most suitable for it. The co-authors raised the research question of whether the introduction of mandatory mediation in family disputes is an emerging trend in the European Union. A short overview of the mandatory mediation concept and the existing doctrinal models was presented as a theoretical background of this research. Based on the review of the scientific literature, four prevailing models were identified and briefly described. Secondly, the map of mandatory mediation within the European Union was updated with the latest data collected from the most recent legislative amendments and testimonies of the corresponding national mediation experts. Thirdly, a brief examination of the current mandatory mediation models in the Member States was conducted. The in-depth analysis of the obtained results shows that introducing mandatory mediation in family disputes is a prevailing trend in fostering mediation in the European Union. Consequently, it was identified that the variety of implemented models went far beyond the existing doctrinal classification, which needs to be reconsidered by future research in this field.
Do the Rules of Europe’s Leading Institutional Arbitration Courts and the UNCITRAL Arbitration Rules Need to Be Revised? Assessment from the Perspective of 2023
Authors: Asłanowicz Marcin
Published: August 2023

While some issues (e.g. the principles of service, the expedited procedure for resolving cases and the admissibility of securing a claim before initiating proceedings) are regulated in a manner that satisfies the requirements of 2023, other issues (e.g. the rules of holding remote hearings or the consequences of failing to meet deadlines in arbitration, in particular the deadlines for issuing an award) would require a numer of modifications and improvements. This suggests that a postulate should be presented for a broader discussion within the community – both in Poland and abroad – on the shape of the regulations in this area that would be the most comfortable for the parties to the proceedings, the arbitral tribunals and the arbitral institutions, while respecting the basic (universal) arbitration rules.
LEGAL STATUS AND ACQUISITION OF MEDIATOR QUALIFICATIONS. A LEGAL COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE REGULATIONS IN SPAIN AND POLAND
Authors: Dąbrowski Marek , Broński Włodzimierz , Concepción Rayón Ballesteros María
Published: August 2023

The article aims to analyse the legal status and modes of acquiring qualification by mediators in Poland and Spain. The study uses the legal dogmatic and the legal comparative methods. The research problem is located in the applicable solutions in Polish and Spanish legislation implementing the objective set out by the content of Article 4 of Directive 2008/52/EC, which obliges EU Member States to ensure adequate quality of mediation and enhance the professional status of the mediator. An analysis of the legislation, judicature and the literature of the subject has shown that the normative regulations which are in force in Spain and Poland are convergent in terms of the objectives set out in Article 4 of Directive 2008/52/EC since they oblige mediators to be adequately qualified to conduct mediation. Notwithstanding the above, significant differences in the legal systems under analysis becomes apparent as concerns an array of legal instruments they apply to implement the Directive. The Polish and the Spanish methodologies display disparate procedures for regulating the acquisition of qualifications by mediators. They are affected by a number of shortcomings, resulting from an insufficient level of standardisation, including the intra legem gaps in the normative regulations in Poland. The outcomes of the analysis enable the conclusion that the regulations concerning the legal status and qualifications of mediators that are in force in Poland and Spain can complement one another, while preserving and respecting the distinctiveness of both legal systems. This complementarity can facilitate a development of an adequate model to enhance the professional status of mediators and improve the regulations so as to achieve the objective set in Article 4 of Directive 2008/52/EC.
Complexity of the differential diagnosis of primary T-cell lymphoma and Crohn’s disease by the example of a clinical case
Authors:   Kazan State Medical University, MUKHAMETOVA D. D. , BELOUSOVA E. N. ,   Kazan State Medical University, ODINTSOVA A. KH. ,   Republic Clinical Hospital, GABITOVA E. N. ,   Republic Clinical Hospital, SHAKIROV R. R. ,   Kazan State Medical University, ZIGANSHIN M. I. ,   Republic Clinical Hospital, RAGINOV I. S. ,   Republic Clinical Hospital, YANGURAZOVA A. R. ,   Kazan State Medical University, GALIEVA A. M. ,   Kazan State Medical University
Published: August 2023

The article presents a clinical case of a rare disease — primary intestinal T-cell lymphoma (PITL). A distinctive feature of PITL is the absence of typical clinical, laboratory and instrumental manifestations. This requires performing differential diagnosis with other diseases such as Crohn’s disease, chronic mesenteric ischemia and infections. The diagnostic standard of PITL is morphological verification. In this case, the diagnosis of PITL, NOS was made during the immunohistochemistry of the biopsy of the resected intestine.
Consequences of accidental intra-arterial administration of bicillin — Hoigne syndrome
Authors:   Republic Clinical Hospital, NIGMEDZYANOVA A. Z. , KULAGINA L. YU. ,   Republic Clinical Hospital, KADYSEVA E. R. ,   Republic Clinical Hospital, DAVLETSHINA R. V. ,   Republic Clinical Hospital
Published: August 2023

The article presents a description of a rare clinical case of consequences of accidental intra-arterial administration of bicillin with the development of Hoigne syndrome.
Rational and effective pharmacotherapy as an actual opportunity for reducing financial costs. Review of clinical cases
Authors:   Republic Clinical Hospital, NIGMEDZYANOVA A. Z. , KULAGINA L. YU. ,   Republic Clinical Hospital, KADYSEVA E. R. ,   Republic Clinical Hospital, DAVLETSHINA R. V. ,   Republic Clinical Hospital
Published: August 2023

The article presents clinical cases of pharmacotherapy errors; in case of rational approach to prescribing medication therapy, it is possible to reduce financial costs without deteriorating the quality of medical assistance.
Genetic aspects of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors:   Kazan State Medical University, KISELEVA T. A. , VALEEVA F. V. ,   Kazan State Medical University, ISLAMOVA D. R. ,   Kazan State Medical University, MEDVEDEVA M. S. ,   City Polyclinic No. 7
Published: August 2023

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is a polygenic, multifactorial disease resulting from the interaction of genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors. Given the significant genetic and genomic research in this area, the role of genetic factors in the pathogenesis of DM2 is becoming increasingly clear. The review presents current information in the genetics of DM2, describes the technology of genome wide-associated system (GWAS) based on high-resolution biochips for the simultaneous analysis of thousands of genetic variants in a large number of patients. Due to the use of genome-wide studies, about 100 genes and more than 700 polymorphisms associated with T2DM have been described. The review provides a description of the most common genes and their polymorphisms (TCF7L2, KCNJ11, PPARG) identified by the GWAS method and showing a strong association with T2DM in various populations. In addition, the article notes the role of the ADRB2 gene, whose polymorphisms can also contribute to the development of carbohydrate metabolism disorders. The results of a study on the assessment of the relationship between the rs1042714 ADRB2 polymorphism and indicators of carbohydrate metabolism in different periods of life of overweight and obese women are presented.
Clinical and instrumental diagnostics of early changes in the atlantoaxial area in ankylosing spondylitis
Authors:   Kazan State Medical University, GARAEVA A. R. , LAPSHINA S. A. ,   Kazan State Medical University, ANISIMOV V. I. ,   Republic Clinical Hospital, ABDRAKIPOV R. Z. ,   Republic Clinical Hospital, SUKHORUKOVA E. V. ,   Republic Clinical Hospital, GABDULLINA Z. N. ,   Republic Clinical Hospital, ZAMANOVA E. S. ,   Republic Clinical Hospital, ABDULGANIEVA D. I. ,   Kazan State Medical University, BOGDANOV E. I. ,   Kazan State Medical University
Published: August 2023

The purpose — to assess the early imaging changes in the atlantoaxial area and to compare them with clinical and laboratory characteristics in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Material and methods. 20 patients with AS were examined, the average age is 44.2 ± 12.66 y. o. Activity (ASDAS(CRP)): very high — 85%, high — 5%, low — 10%. X-ray stage of sacroiliitis: 2 — 60%, 3 — 15%, 4 — 25%. Functional deficiency (FD): 3 — 55%, 2 — 20%, 1 — 25%. The duration of illness was 176 [2; 360] months. The extended clinical examination included: assessment of neurological status, presence of components of neuropathic pain (NP) and central sensitization (CS), assessment of quality of life, degree of functional disorders. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the craniovertebral junction was performed with the measurement of 5 craniometric parameters (CMP) for the presence of translocation of the dens axis. Results. Neck pain syndrome — 75%: inflammatory — 95%, non-inflammatory — 80% (NP — 65%, CS — 50%). VAS: 5.75 ± 2.09. FD: BASMI — 3.86 [2; 7], BASFI — 4,84 [0,7; 8,7]. 75% — limitation of neck rotation, 65% — increase in the distance of the trestle-wall. CMP: 100% — decrease in the retroflex angle, 20% — increase in the anterior atlantodental index, 15% — translocation relative to the Chamberlain line, 10% increase in pB-C2, 5% — decrease in the posterior atlantodental index. A correlation was revealed between the CMP with the X-ray stage (rSp = 0.629; p = 0.021), BASMI (rSp = 0.575; p = 0.04) and the psychological component SF-36 (rSp = 0.570; p = 0.042). The angle of retroflexion with the duration of the disease (rSp = -0.580; p = 0.038), CRP (rSp = 0.624; p = 0.023). Conclusions. All patients with AS had pathological MRI changes in the form of initial manifestations of translocation of the dens, which had nonspecific clinical manifestations. Changes in craniovertebral transition to MRI did not correlate with disease activity (ASDAS (CRP)), but were associated with the level of CRP, duration of the disease, X-ray stage of sacroiliitis and functional indices (BASMI).
Analysis of rationality of pharmacotherapy with oral anticoagulants in a trauma hospital
Authors:   Republic Clinical Hospital, KADYSEVA E. R. , KULAGINA L. YU. ,   Republic Clinical Hospital, KHAZIAKHMETOVA V. N. ,   Kazan Federal University
Published: August 2023

The article presents the results of the study of safety of oral anticoagulants (OACs) use in trauma patients.Venous thromboembolic complications (VTEC) after surgery are among the most common indications for prescribing direct oral anticoagulants (OACs) in elderly patients, the treatment of which can cause serious problems and is associated with age-related characteristics of the organism. The purpose — to study the safety of using oral anticoagulants (OACs) use in a trauma hospital. Material and methods. A retrospective analysis was performed of 120 medical records of inpatients receiving oral anticoagulants to prevent blood clots after reconstructive surgery for bone fractures.In the study, 2 groups were considered: group 1 (without violations of hemostasis) — 50 people, aged 54.6 ± 18.0, group 2 (with impaired hemostasis) — 70 people, aged 61.3 ± 21.5. Conclusions. There is a cause-and-effect relationship between a violation of hemostasis indicators (mainly an increase in APTT) and risk factors.
QTc Prolongation in Patients on Antipsychotic Drugs
Authors: Dawood Haider N. , Al- Hadithi Makki Abdul Kader
Published: August 2023

Background: There is a recognized association between prolongation of the heart rate corrected QT interval (QTc) and antipsychotic drugs. QTc prolongation may increase the risk of ventricular tachyarrhythmias, especially torsade de pointes, and therefore, sudden cardiac death.
Objective: This study assess the effect of antipsychotics and prolongation of the heart rate corrected QT interval (QTC), and QTC prolongation may increase the risk of ventricular tachyarrhythmias, especially torsade de pointes and sudden cardiac death.
Results: Abnormal QTc was defined as an interval of more than 440 ms (0.44 second) and was present in 21.7% (43 patients of 198). Benzhexol (-0.333 – 0.051 second), Fluphenazine (-0.046 – 0.671) were robust predictors of QTc lengthening, also the high antipsychotic dose and combination of antipsychotics and antidepressants were associated with higher incidence of QTc lengthening.Methods: QT interval measured in lead II in electrocardiogram for 198 patients with psychiatric at Baghdad Teaching Hospital and AL – Rashad Teaching hospital from July to October 2001. Bazett formula was used in calculation of corrected QT. By application of the chi – square test "×2" to see the association of QTc prolongation with the cigarette smoking, age, sex, heart rate, cardiovascular disease.
Conclusion :Antipsychotic drugs cause QTc lengthening in a dose – related manner. Risks are substantially higher for Benzhexol and Fluphenazine. These drugs may therefore confer an increased risk of drugs – induced arrhythmia.
GENESIS AND CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS OF MUSLIM LAW
Authors:   Donetsk State University of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, Taranovska Alona O.
Published: August 2023

The article is devoted to the problem of defining the conceptual foundations of Muslim law, inherent in its characteristic features. Emphasize the importance of studying the theological ideas of Islam, as they permeate legal concepts, forming a different "vision" of legal phenomena and legal reality. Attention is drawn to the relevance of scientific knowledge of Islamic religious doctrine in the conditions of modern trends, as a powerful ideological vector of the development of Muslim law, regardless of the inherent conservatism of Islamic society. In addition, the idea of the dualistic nature of Muslim law and its multifaceted nature is asserted, which is based on the conclusions of prominent legal scholars and religious scholars of the past and present, such as Abu Hanif, A. Ibn Khaldun, J. Schacht and others. The article presents the conclusions of the well-known modern scientist Benjamin Jokish regarding the borrowing of legal ideas of Jewish law, Roman law and Byzantium by theorists of Muslim law. The author, in general terms, reveals the issue of the genesis of Muslim law, in particular, the periodization of Muslim law is mentioned as a generalization of the historical stages of its existence, the role of legal schools (madhabs) in the process of the development of Muslim law is noted. The issue of distinguishing between the concepts of "Sharia" and "Fiqh" is also highlighted separately, attention is appropriately paid to the changing role of these two categories in the theory of Muslim law, since, first of all, the subject field of Fiqh began where the field of Sharia ended, which later acquired a different meaning. The field of research on the sources of Muslim law does not lose its relevance, in addition to the Qur'an and the Sunnah, the knowledge of the meaningful essence of ijtihad as a source of Muslim law derived from the Qur'an and the Sunnah, which is a functional tool for solving controversial issues of human existence and social life in general, acquires special importance.
Rush Farming of Konjac (Amorphophallus Muelleri) Among Novice Farmers In West Java, Indonesia: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Diniyati Dian , Achmad Budiman , Utomo Marcellinus Mandira Budi , Maharani Dewi , Handayani Wuri , Febiana Yana
Published: August 2023

Rush farming among novice farmers because of incomplete information on konjac crop management needs further investigation. Nonetheless, the rush in West Java province has positively impacted farmers and rural economic improvement. This study is intended to identify the factors responsible for the farming of konjac, its implications, and the necessary response. The survey was conducted in Jelegong, Ciamis district, West Java province, using the triangulation method to interview 37 farmers. The finding is that rush farming was triggered by the misinterpretation of incomplete information on farming technology and the inaccurate projection of market demand due to excessive forecasting of profits. This rush is probably a phenomenon that is supposed to be maintained carefully because such farming still provides additional income and does not require specific skills. The rush also successfully attracted the interest of new investors and government attention in distributing various incentives. Despite the rush stimulating economic growth in the village, it threatens the supply of other commodities because konjac has replaced other crops on the same land. This research also found that there are two types of konjac farming in rural society, i.e., (i) cultivating konjac without shade is better suited to smallholder farmers with less capital and less maintenance. (ii) cultivating konjac in the shade is better suited to rich farmers or industries requiring intensive maintenance. Therefore, we suggest that the government issue a map about the site suitability of various crops for the West Java region, allowing farmers to seek advice on the appropriate crop types to grow by region. Because the agro-climatic conditions in most areas of West Java are like those in the Ciamis district, the cultural patterns found in this study can be scaled up to other districts in West Java.
Substructural fixed-point theorems and the diagonal argument: theme and variations
Authors: Roberts David Michael
Published: August 2023

This article re-examines Lawvere's abstract, category-theoretic proof of the fixed-point theorem whose contrapositive is a `universal' diagonal argument. The main result is that the necessary axioms for both the fixed-point theorem and the diagonal argument can be stripped back further, to a semantic analogue of a weak substructural logic lacking weakening or exchange.
Evaluation of losses in the efficiency for Russian companies due to the foreign IT vendors withdrawal from the market
Authors: Naidenova I. N. , Teplykh G. V.
Published: August 2023

The current study aims to evaluate losses in the efficiency for Russian firms from the departure of foreign vendors based on data covering the activity of 6 thousand companies over 15 years (2007—2021). Modeling within the production function approach revealed that Russian firms, on average, are approximately equally dependent on domestic and foreign digital products, that indicates a moderate level of risk. At the same time, the influence is very heterogeneous. Foreign products have a non-linear (decreasing) effect, while Russian products have a linear impact. The returns to IT and the risk of loss in the efficiency vary greatly over time and across industries. Summarizing different results, we assume that the Russian economy could maintain efficiency in the short term; however, the departure of foreign vendors creates significant threats to its long-term development.
Reforming energy subsidies for the population of Russia
Authors: Khomutov I. А.
Published: August 2023

This paper for the first time estimates the scale of subsidizing the Russian population through low prices for the energy sector products (1.76 trillion rubles, or 1.3% of Russian GDP in 2021). The need to reform the existing subsidy system is justified due to a number of its defects (appropriation of most of the subsidies by the wealthiest population, significant costs of business to maintain low prices for energy products, reduction of incentives for energy saving and transition to green technologies among consumers of the energy sector products). The phenomenon of an implicit “social contract”, in which the state maintains prices for socially important goods and services at a level acceptable for the population in exchange for the loyalty of citizens, is discussed in detail. The paper analyzes alternative options for reforming energy subsidies for the population. The conclusion is made that the most reasonable reform would be one providing for zeroing of subsidies with the use of part of the released budget resources to increase socially oriented government spending (targeted social payments are considered to be the basiс form of such spending). The proposed subsidy reform scheme is interpreted as a change in the social contract model that is acceptable to the public, namely, a shift from the “low prices of socially important goods — low socially important state expenditure” model to the “high prices of socially important goods — high socially important state expenditure” model.
Enhance traffic flow prediction with Real-Time Vehicle Data Integration
Authors: Jain Rishabh , Dhingra Sunita , Joshi Kamaldeep , Rana Arun Kumar , Goyal Nitin
Published: August 2023

This study examines how sophisticated traffic control systems affect traffic flow. These cutting-edge solutions use real-time traffic data to increase road networks’ intelligence. These technologies enable the creation of a smoother and more efficient traffic flow by enhancing traffic signal timings and automatically rerouting cars towards less crowded routes. Notably, these innovations significantly lower air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, and fuel consumption while also minimizing the financial and time expenses related to traffic congestion. Our unique Real-Time Vehicle Data Integration (RTVDI) algorithm is being used to portray the potential of intelligent traffic control systems. These technologies have the potential to revolutionize traffic management procedures by using real-time data and complex processes. They have the potential to improve commuter safety, increase road efficiency, and improve traffic flow.
Tratamento do Câncer Avançado do Ovário. Resultados com o AVC (Adriamicina, VM-26 (Teniposide) e Ciclofosfamida)
Authors: Valle José Carlos do , Sampaio Ernani Francisco de Sena , Gomes Filho Firmino de Azevedo , Soriano Ivan Bastos , Figueiredo Eurídice Maria de Almeida , Ribeiro Celso Werneck
Published: August 2023

Vinte e quatro pacientes com câncer avançado de ovário predominantemente de linhagem epitelial (estádios III e IV) foram tratados com uma nova associação de quimioterápicos —VM-26 (Teniposide), adriamicina e ciclofosfamida (AVC). Três ciclos de AVC empregados como quimioterapia de indução (pré-operatória), seguida de histerectomia radical com omentectomia e remoção de todas as metástases celômicas possíveis. Seis ciclos de AVC forarn administrados como quimioterapia adjuvante, seguidos de laparoscopia e cirurgia "second-look" na presença de doença residual. 70% das doentes obtiveram respostas objetivas, sendo 10% respostas completas e 60% respostas parciais. Duas doentes que obtiveram respostas completas comprovadas pela operação de "second-look" estão assintomáticas em um período de observação de 26 meses (curadas?). A média de duração das respostas foi de 8j5 meses e a sobrevida 13 meses. As doentes com doença estável (25%) sobreviveram em média 7,6 meses e aquelas com doença em progressão (10%) morreram em 4,5 meses em média. O protocolo AVC— cirurgia — AVC demonstrou-se eficaz para o controle e sobrevida no câncer avançado do ovário e a toxicidade dos medicamentos associados foi considerada aceitável.
Estudo da Resposta de Cepas de Pseudomonas Aeruginosa a Quatro Antibióticos B-lactâmicos e três Aminoglicosídeos “in vitro”
Authors: Bermudez Luiz Eduardo , Vidal Eraldo , Silva Vera Maria Marques , Silva Monica Manes , Carestiato Julio Cesar , Braz Neto Eduardo
Published: August 2023

Até o aparecimento da carbenicilina no fim da década de 60, praticamente nenhuma penicilina ou cefalosporina exibia atividade significante contra a Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Nos últimos dez anos, um número cada vez maior de antibióticos B-lactâmicos têm sido isolados; porém no INCa, somente a cefalotina, cefalexina, ampicilina e a carbenicilina estão disponíveis para o uso clínico. O baixo grau de sensibilidade da P. aeruginosa à carbenicilina em nosso hospital e a detecção de micro-epidemia por cepas resistentes à amicacina, o que pode acarretar na transmissão desta tendência às de mais cepas existentes no hospital, levaram-nos a estudar comparativamente a resposta da Pseudomonas aeruginosa, “in vitro", aos antibióticos B-lactâmicos e aos aminoglicosídeos mais utilizados.