bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Storie dell’altro mondo. Calvino post-umano.
Authors: Iovino Serenella
Published: March 2014

Conceptualized by theorists such as Haraway, Barad, Marchesini, Latour and Wolfe, posthumanism is a vision that rejects the essentialist separation between the human and the nonhuman, and, quite like Calvino’s narratives, emphasizes their hybridizations, co-operative configurations, and active interplay. This essay examines Calvino’s works via the posthumanist lens of a “relational ontology.” After providing a theoretical introduction, I analyze Palomar and The Cosmicomics . These are, I suggest, the main expressions of Calvino’s attempt to build stories that move the narrative focus “past the human,” coalescing in a hybrid world of matters, forms, beings, and signs.
Meraviglioso, fantastico e demonologia nell’ Ecerinis di Mussato
Authors: Bosisio Matteo
Published: March 2014

Mussato’s Ecerinis (1315), the first tragedy in Italian literature, recalls the dramatic period between 1237 and 1259, when Ezzelino III da Romano ruled over Padua. The intervention of marvelous, fantastic and demonological themes characterizes the entire structure of the work. Thus the article, analyzing six main scenes, investigates the representation of Ezzelino as the son of Satan and the Antichrist; in fact, this particular description serves to his contemporaries as an allegorical example to contrast Cangrande della Scala, the real threat against whom the parenthetical message of the text is addressed.
The Signature of All Things: Agamben’s Philosophical Archaeology
Authors: Watkin William
Published: March 2014

Agamben’s methodological mix of philosophy and philology has inspired, but for some it is also the source of deep anxiety. With the publication of The Signature of All Things , this article suggests, we finally have an unequivocal statement as to the true nature of the Agamben method. The paper systematically details the component parts of what Agamben calls philosophical archaeology: the controversy over the method, the use of paradigms, and the development of a theory of signatures. The paper then ends with a delineation of philosophical archaeology itself with its combination of moments of arising of signatures, distribution through time and space via paradigms and their messianic suspension in a moment of indifference.
The Enemy at Home: Fratricide and Civil Strife in Machiavelli’s Thought
Authors: Moudarres Andrea
Published: March 2014

This article examines Machiavelli’s discussion of Romulus’s slaying of his brother Remus. From Machiavelli’s viewpoint, Romulus’s action is excusable because it was aimed at achieving the common good of the city. Distancing himself from authors such as Cicero and Augustine, who tie this tragic event to the civil wars that led to the demise of the republic, Machiavelli praises Romulus for establishing the legal framework that allowed Rome to expand and remain free until Gaius Gracchus’s rise to the tribunate. I also argue that the position expressed in the Discorsi echoes Dionysius of Halicarnassus’s account in the Roman Antiquities .
Federigo e il re di Cipro: Note su Boccaccio lettore di Aristotele
Authors: Ellero Maria Pia
Published: March 2014

By considering three different instances of Aristotelian intertextuality in the Decameron , this paper highlights the role of books III and IV of Nicomachean Ethics as a source of Boccaccio’s novellas and describes the rhetorical devices of his rewriting. Aristotle’s Ethics plays a role both in the elocutio and in the inventio of the tales: his lexicon and figures of speech contribute to outline the rhetorical and linguistic surface of the Decameron , while Aristotelian motifs are employed as narrative topoi , in order to shape some features of the fabula , or to provide a psychological ground for the behavior of its characters.
Humanity’s “True Moral Test”: Shame, Idyll, and Animal Vulnerability in Milan Kundera’s The Unbearable Lightness of Being
Authors: Mai Joseph
Published: March 2014

This essay reinterprets Kundera’s best-known novel through philosophical considerations of vulnerability and the human/animal relationship. It begins with an understanding of irony—associated with Cora Diamond’s notion of embodiment shared by humans and animals—as a counter to Cartesian mastery of nature. It turns to the denial of embodiment through shame and disgust, as theorized by Martha Nussbaum and illustrated with several characters. One main character, Tereza, stands out against a normotic backdrop of human disembodiment (which Kundera calls kitsch). Her acceptance of vulnerability and encounter with shame gradually envelop her spouse, Tomas, as well. The final section examines the novel’s closing pastoral passages, in which a thorough investigation of human and nonhuman animality takes place, leaving the reader somewhere between an extremely empathetic Tereza and a sympathetic but gently skeptical narrator. It describes the novel as a “fallen idyll” where human vulnerability and shame can be expressed and considered.
Sleep and Sleep-watching in Dickens: The Case of Barnaby Rudge
Authors: Greaney Michael
Published: March 2014

This article considers the cultural significance of sleep as a creaturely state and bodily practice on the threshold between public and private space in Dickens’s fiction. It focuses on the sleeping bodies that are sprawled across the landscapes of Barnaby Rudge , and offers a new reading of the novel as a text in which sleep, especially the sleep of servants, is an object of narrative comedy, visual mastery, perceptual uncertainty, and political anxiety. The public sleeper is often a haplessly undignified presence on the margins of Dickens’s fiction, but Barnaby Rudge seems to attribute a certain uncanny agency to the figure of the watched sleeper. In this novel, the sleep-watcher emerges as a compromised voyeur, whilst the sleeper becomes a potentially explosive unknown quantity. What is more, these shifting power-relations between those who watch and those who sleep are subtly implicated in the class conflicts that the novel famously dramatizes.
Media Ecology as an Instrument of Exploration
Authors: Moran Terence P.
Published: March 2014

This remembrance recalls the creation and development of the Media Ecology Graduate Program at New York University as an exploration into the unknown. It provides some human faces to the faculty and students who shaped and were shaped by untraditional approaches to understanding media as environments in which cultures grow.
My Greatest Blessing
Authors: Nystrom Christine
Published: March 2014

The following remarks are a personal memoir of Neil Postman as a colleague and teacher at New York University.
Remembering Neil
Authors: Perkinson Henry
Published: March 2014

The following remarks are a personal memoir of Neil Postman as a colleague at New York University.
Media Ecology Education
Authors: Postman Neil
Published: March 2014

In a keynote address delivered to the Speech Communication Association in 1973, Neil Postman discussed the new graduate program in media ecology that he established in New York University's School of Education. Media ecology is presented as a field of inquiry based on the metaphor that all communication is an environment, and utilizing a methodology called context analysis. Discussing communication environments as systems with boundaries, in relation to suprasystems and subsystems, Postman also considered the question of how technology affects human perception, feeling, and value.
Neil Postman and the Evangelicals
Authors: Hunt, III Arthur W.
Published: March 2014

American evangelicalism finds its roots in the Great Awakening of the 18th century, a movement that has proven to be both multifaceted and populist. The early half of the 20th century saw evangelicalism marginalized from cultural powerbrokers, only to resurface again in the later 20th century as a political force. Nevertheless, evangelicals today as a whole still mirror the same entrepreneurial, individualistic, and pragmatic values that have been part and parcel of American enterprise, a bustle now gone hyperconsumer. Not all evangelicals are oblivious to the reshaping of Old World Protestant sensibilities by mass culture forces. Confessionalists, as named in this article, are fully aware of how media forms can shape cultural institutions like the Church. Neil Postman’s ideas have been useful to evangelicals who understand that the Christian faith, like the Jewish faith, is logocentric. Although Postman’s Enlightenment values sometimes clash with the values of those who lay claim to the Protestant Reformation, both have much in common.
Neil Postman‘s Rules of Public Speaking
Authors: Sternberg Janet
Published: March 2014

Best known as a prolific writer of social criticism, Neil Postman was also a master of public speaking, an art he considered worthy of special attention and too often neglected. So dear was public speaking to him that Postman developed a set of ten rules for giving a good speech. Postman never published these guidelines, instead passing them on to his students in classroom lectures. The following is a reconstruction of Postman’s rules of public speaking, based on his own personal notes complemented by notes taken during his lectures. The author originally delivered this reconstruction in June 2005, at the Sixth Annual Convention of the Media Ecology Association.
Genealogy in the Jewish Library: An Update
Authors: Dwoskin Beth
Published: March 2014

In 1992, Judaica Librarianship featured an article by Zachary Baker, entitled “What We Owe the Genealogists: Genealogy and the Judaica Reference Librarian.” He followed it up in 2003 with an article in Slavic & East European Information Resources entitled “Resources on the Genealogy of Eastern European Jews.” The present article provides an update on the resources available to Jewish genealogists today, with particular emphasis on print and online resources that are recommended for the smaller Judaica library. It lists some of the sources in Baker’s article that have been updated and some that have gone online. It describes JewishGen, Routes to Roots, the Ackman & Ziff Family Genealogy Institute, the Family History Library, the International Tracing Service, and PERSI, the comprehensive index to genealogical serials. It emphasizes the importance of local genealogi- cal societies and their newsletters.
A "Mind-Boggling" Implication: The Hebrew Bible, the Old Testament, and the Definition of a Work
Authors: Conners David
Published: March 2014

The uniform title Bible. O.T. has long caused difficulty in Judaica libraries. The well documented problems caused by this heading are reviewed. Alternative models developed by the Hebraica Team of the Library of Congress (LC) are discussed, as is an LC proposed rule change to Resource Description and Access (RDA) that was partially approved by the Joint Steering Committee. The idea by members of the Association of Jewish Libraries to use the Virtual International Authority File as a technical solution is reviewed briefly. The author endorses a model from LC that uses different uniform titles for the Hebrew Bible and Christian Bible. Separate uniform titles are necessary because the two Bibles represent unique works; the ideational and textual differences of the Hebrew Bible and Christian Old Testament are seen in both canonical and translation differences.
Literatur und Subversion
Authors: Ernst Thomas
Published: April 2014

Es ist bis heute eine höchst umstrittene Frage, ob und wie literarische Texte als eine Form politischen Schreibens betrachtet werden können. In einer kritischen Auseinandersetzung mit historischen und theoretischen Konzepten entwickelt Thomas Ernst hierzu ein komplexes literatur- und kulturwissenschaftliches Analysemodell für die Gegenwart, das von einem differenzierten Begriff der Subversion ausgeht. Mit diesem Instrumentarium gelingt es, drei exemplarische Felder der politischen Gegenwartsprosa - die »avancierte Popliteratur« (Meinecke), die »minoritäre Literatur« (Zaimoglu) und die »Untergrundliteratur« (Social Beat) - auf ihre subversiven und ästhetischen Potenziale und Aporien hin zu untersuchen.
Geschichtspolitiken und Fernsehen
Authors: Winter Renée
Published: April 2014

»Der Herr Karl«, der 1961 von Helmut Qualtinger gespielte opportunistische Mitläufer, stellt bis heute sicherlich die bekannteste televisuelle Auseinandersetzung mit dem Nationalsozialismus in Österreich dar. Dominierte im übrigen Fernsehen ein Schweigen über die Nazi-Vergangenheit? Oder gab es Versuche, vorherrschende Narrative aufzubrechen? Renée Winters Studie beschäftigt sich erstmals mit Geschichtspolitiken im frühen österreichischen Fernsehen und liefert damit nicht nur einen medientheoretischen Blick auf die Ursprünge des öffentlich-rechtlichen Geschichtsfernsehens, sondern eröffnet auch neue Einblicke in österreichische Vergangenheitspolitiken.
Das Theater der Prostitution
Authors: Hinz Melanie
Published: April 2014

Schauspielerinnen als »Theaternutten«, Direktoren als »Zuhälter im Hausvaterrock« und Theater als »Fleischmarkt« - der Vergleich von Theater und Prostitution, Schauspielerin und Prostituierte zieht sich von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart. Über den Prostitutionsdiskurs werden Status der Schauspielerin, sinnlich-körperliche Wechselbeziehung von Zuschauenden und Darstellenden sowie ökonomische Bedingungen der Schauordnung Theater verhandelt. Melanie Hinz geht diesen Ökonomien des Begehrens in der Arbeit am Theater sowie im Verhältnis von Zuschauer und Schauspielerin anhand von historischen Texten um 1900, Theaterprogrammatiken von Brecht und Grotowski bis hin zu zeitgenössischen Performances von She She Pop und Jochen Roller nach und trägt damit zur Grundlegung einer genderkritischen Theaterwissenschaft bei.
Aged Young Adults
Authors: Wohlmann Anita
Published: April 2014

When Toula's father in »My Big Fat Greek Wedding« says to his daughter (age 30) »you look so old« or when Don DeLillo's protagonist (age 28) »feels old« in »Cosmopolis«, these young characters are attributed an age awareness that has received little attention in age studies so far. Leaving aside chronological or biological dimensions of age, this study approaches age as a metaphoric practice, suggesting that »feeling old« is not to be taken literally but metaphorically. The book examines the cultural meanings of age and aging for characters who are in their twenties and thirties and challenges often-quoted labels such as late-coming-of-age story or perpetual adolescence.
Musik - Raum - Technik
Authors: Scholl Steffen
Published: April 2014

Die graphische Programmierumgebung für Musik und Multimedia »Max« findet heute, nach über zwei Jahrzehnten Entwicklungs- und Wirkungsgeschichte, als eine Art lingua franca an praxisorientierten Musik-, Kunst- oder Medieninstitutionen weltweit Verwendung. Erstmals wird in diesem Buch ein kulturhistorischer Gesamtüberblick geliefert, innerhalb welchem die Software als Produkt eines spezifischen Handlungsraums der ästhetischen Praxis erscheint, welches rückwirkend neuartige Produktionsstrukturen evoziert. Damit rücken die tiefgreifenden Wechselwirkungen zwischen technologischer und künstlerischer Produktion ins Zentrum der Analyse.
Bildung zum Weltmenschen
Authors: Kupfer Christine
Published: April 2014

Wie kann es gelingen, sich zu einem »Weltmenschen« zu bilden, der den ganzen Kosmos in sich selbst umfasst? Dies ist die bestimmende Frage der Bildungsphilosophie Rabindranath Tagores (1861-1941), des als »Goethe Indiens« gefeierten Literatur-Nobelpreisträgers. »Bildung zum Weltmenschen« zeigt zum ersten Mal die enge Verflechtung von Tagores komplexem philosophischen und pädagogischen Denken. Tagore verbindet indische und westliche Ideen miteinander und schöpft daraus einen originellen spirituellen Humanismus. In seinen pädagogischen Experimenten erweist er sich als radikaler Vordenker für eine neue künstlerische, interkulturelle, spirituelle und naturverbundene Bildungspraxis.
Was sind Gene nicht?
Authors: Schmidt Kirsten
Published: April 2014

Gene gelten im Allgemeinen als die Essenz eines Lebewesens, die all seine charakteristischen Eigenschaften bestimmt. Aus biologischer Sicht trifft diese Vorstellung jedoch längst nicht mehr zu. Im Mittelpunkt dieses Buches steht daher die Frage, warum und wie das essentialistische Denken die gesellschaftliche Wahrnehmung biologischer Forschungsprojekte immer noch beeinflusst. Anhand aktueller Erkenntnisse der Genetik und Epigenetik geht Kirsten Schmidt auf die Suche nach einer neuen Interpretation des Genbegriffs im Zeitalter der Postgenomik. Das Verständnis von Genen als dynamischen Prozessen erweist sich dabei als eine fruchtbare Alternative zum Essentialismus.
Die ortlose Stadt
Authors: Bourdin Alain , Eckardt Frank , Wood Andrew
Published: April 2014

In atemberaubender Geschwindigkeit haben sich die neuen Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien einen zentralen Platz im Leben der meisten Menschen erobert. Das virtuelle Überwinden großer räumlicher Entfernungen ist damit zur Selbstverständlichkeit geworden. Mehr und mehr überholt sich die Vorstellung der langfristigen Bindung an einen Ort. Alain Bourdin, Frank Eckardt und Andrew Wood zeigen: Auch Urbanität hat sich von ihrem physischen Kontext und ihrem räumlichen Ursprung zu lösen begonnen und sich um Dimensionen der Virtualität erweitert. Die Virtualisierung des Urbanen relativiert nicht nur die traditionelle Räumlichkeit der Stadt. Auch das Bild der planbaren Stadt erweist sich als eine historisch gewordene Fiktion der Moderne.
The antiplaque effect of herbal mouthwash in comparison to chlorhexidine in human gingival disease: a randomized placebo controlled clinical trial
Authors: Bhat Nagesh , Mitra Ruchi , Oza Swapnil , Mantu Vinayak Kumar , Bishnoi Sharda , Gohil Mandeepsinh , Gupta Rupam
Published: April 2014

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy, safety, antiplaque and antigingivitis properties of a herbal mouthwash with chlorhexidine mouthwash.

Methods: A double-blinded randomized clinical trial was conducted among 72 undergraduate students with age group 18–24 years. They were randomly divided into three mouthwash group with 24 participants in each group. Group A (herbal), Group B (chlorhexidine) and Group C (normal saline).The Turesky et al. 1970 plaque index and Loe and Silness 1963 gingival index was recorded. Student’s t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to test the significance.

Results: A statistically highly significant difference was obtained between mouthwash B and C (p=0.00) and a significant difference between mouthwash A and C (p=0.004), showing that chlorhexidine was superior to herbal mouthwash and saline. However, there was a nonsignificant difference between mouthwash A and B (p=0.435) showing that herbal and chlorhexidine mouthwash was equally effective in reducing plaque and gingivitis.

Conclusions: The efficacy of herbal mouthwash was equally effective in reducing plaque and gingivitis as compared to chlorhexidine mouthwash and may be considered as a good alternative. The chlorhexidine mouthwash was reported with many side effects which limits its acceptability and long-term use, whereas the presently tested herbal mouthwash had no side effects apart from mild burning sensation.
Mercury exposure in pregnancy: a review
Authors: Solan Tom Daniel , Lindow Stephen W.
Published: April 2014

Mercury exposure in pregnancy has been associated with both pregnancy complications and developmental problems in infants. Apart from industrial accidents and contaminated food, mercury exposure is likely to arise from predatory fish consumption, environmental contamination and dental amalgam restorations placed before or during pregnancy. It would be prudent to recommend that pregnant women avoid these potential problems and minimize any risk. The available literature indicates a linear relationship with mercury levels and IQ deficit, and therefore a safe limit of mercury cannot be calculated.
Protection of spores from ultraviolet-C irradiation by auto-fluorescent substances in the spore mass of the cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum
Authors: Uchiyama Saburo , Hatakeyama Ikuo
Published: April 2014

In this study, native spores surrounded by fluorescent substances in the spore mass of Dictyostelium discoideum were found to be resistant to relatively strong ultraviolet-C (UV-C) irradiation (2880 J/m2). The remaining emergency activity of the native mass of spores was over 80% even after exposure to strong UV-C irradiation (2880 J/m2). In contrast, the washed spores were very sensitive to weak UV-C irradiation (144 J/m2). The mass of spores in the fruiting body formed by amoebae with a low concentration of fluorescent substances was less resistant to UV-C than that in the fruiting body formed by normally grown amoebae. Based on the remaining emergency activity of washed spores with appropriate lumazine solution, the concentration of fluorescent substances in the native mass of spores was estimated to be equivalent to approximately 5 mmol/L of lumazine.
Mobilization Against the Left? Partisan Consequences of Voter Turnout in the Post-Communist Context
Authors: Nový Michal
Published: April 2014

Does higher turnout support left-wing parties, as many previous studies assume? Theoretical discussions thus far have been relatively inconclusive. This study proposes three different explanatory mechanisms for examining an aggregate-level relationship between turnout and electoral support for political parties in the post-communist milieu. The conventional hypothesis, based on the assumptions of a successful re-stratification of society and the relevance of class voting, states that higher turnout benefits the left. The second hypothesis is derived from the Michigan model of party identification. In this case, political parties with less loyal electorates would be expected to profit from higher rates of electoral participation. However, this article makes the case for a third possible explanation, termed simply “mobilization against the left,” which reverses the conventional hypothesis. The idea is that the more people come to the polls, the stronger the post-communist right-wing parties will be. This analysis includes two Czech regions that can be said to be farthest away from each other in terms of their socioeconomic and political characteristics. Having analyzed the 2010 Czech parliamentary election results across 1444 electoral districts in two regions, Central Bohemia and Moravia-Silesia, we conclude that there is certain empirical evidence that supports the proposed explanatory mechanism regarding the relationship between voter turnout and share of votes for political parties.
A Novel Running-In Specification with Strengthening Effects in Fatigue
Authors: Lu Xi
Published: April 2014

Using two types of automobile transmission assemblies, a novel running-in specification with strengthening effects is proposed and investigated by the strengthening of low-amplitude forces below the fatigue limit. The phenomenon is also referred to as understressing or coaxing. In this novel running-in specification, the fatigue life will be prolonged and the assembly cost is unchanged. The average fatigue life of one transmission assembly was increased ∼40 % when the original running-in force was replaced by the optimal strengthening force in the new running-in specification. The average fatigue life of the other type of transmission assembly was improved ∼26 % when the estimated optimal strengthening force was applied in another new running-in specification with the strengthening effects.
Remaining Life Assessment of Low-Pressure Turbine Rotor Using Monte Carlo Simulation
Authors: Young Lih-jier , Yeh Bo-Han , Young Phansia Rose
Published: April 2014

This paper presents the development of a fracture-mechanics-based probability analysis that can be used to estimate the remaining life of a low-pressure turbine with an unstable fracture in the rotor disk keyway. The analysis focuses on the stability of crack growth of a semi-elliptical flaw in the rotor disk keyway. The crack stability is judged on the basis of linear elastic fracture mechanics. Then the Monte Carlo technique is introduced to deal with several random variables. Based on the evaluation results, the probability of failure of observed crack indications can be determined. The inspection interval could be justified.
Interlaminar Shear and Electrical Resistance Responses of Woven-Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced-Polymer Composite Laminates at Cryogenic Temperatures From Cyclic Short Beam Shear Tests
Authors: Shindo Yasuhide , Takeda Tomo , Narita Fumio , Fukuzaki Tatsuya
Published: April 2014

This paper studies the interlaminar shear and electrical resistance responses of woven-carbon-fiber-reinforced-polymer (CFRP) composite laminates subjected to fatigue loading at cryogenic temperatures. Fatigue tests were conducted on the composite specimens at room temperature and liquid-hydrogen temperature (20 K) using the short beam shear method, and measurements of the specimen electrical resistance were made during the tests. Also, the tested specimens were examined by microscopy to observe the damage and the failure mode. In addition, a finite-element analysis was performed to examine the stress distributions in the short beam shear specimens. The dependence of the interlaminar shear fatigue performance of the woven-CFRP laminates on the temperature was discussed, and the applicability of the electrical resistance method for assessing the fatigue failure was demonstrated.
cDNA cloning and localization of Sp3111 (also called Ms4a14) in the rat testis
Authors: Xu Yan , Liu Miao , Gu Yi-hua , Jia Xiao-feng , Chen Yong-Mei , Santos Michelle , Wu Ai-Zhen , Zhang Xiao-dong , Shi Hui-Juan , Chen Ching-Ling C
Published: April 2014

With tetraspanning topology, members of the membrane-spanning four-domain subfamily A (MS4A) may facilitate signaling or ion channel functions in many tissues. In this study, we report the cloning of a full-length cDNA from rat testis, designatedMs4a14(Sp3111), which encodes the MS4A protein with 1139 amino acid residues.In situhybridization and immunohistochemical analyses indicate thatMs4a14is predominantly expressed from round spermatids to spermatozoa at specific stages in the rat testis at both the mRNA and protein level. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that MS4A14 (SP3111) is located in the acrosome and the midpiece of the flagellum in mature sperm. Previously, we explored and reported the involvement of MS4A14 in reproductive functions, using antibody blockage during IVF and a transgenic RNA interference method in a mouse model. Our results suggested that MS4A14 is involved in fertilization and zygote division. As MS4A14 protein exists in mammals, such as humans, cows, dogs, and rodents, MS4A14 may play a ubiquitous role in mammalian reproduction.
Prática esportiva e participação nas aulas de educação física: fatores associados em estudantes de Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
Authors: Coledam Diogo Henrique Constantino , Ferraiol Philippe Fanelli , Pires Junior Raymundo , dos-Santos Júlio Wilson , Oliveira Arli Ramos de
Published: April 2014

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os fatores associados à prática esportiva e participação nas aulas de educação física. A amostra foi composta por 827 jovens, selecionados em dois estágios e estratificados por região da cidade de Londrina, Paraná, Brasil. Foram analisadas a prática esportiva, participação nas aulas de educação física e variáveis sociodemográficas, comportamentais e ambientais. Os fatores associados à participação nas aulas de educação física foram: sexo masculino, idade (10-13 anos), percepção de atividade física igual ou elevada, prática esportiva, movimentação durante as aulas e realizar aulas na quadra. Para a prática esportiva, os fatores associados foram o sexo masculino, idade (10-13 anos), percepção de atividade física igual/elevada, atividade física (≥ 7horas/semana), participação nas aulas de educação física, possuir ≥ 10 amigos, prática de esportes com amigos e frequência de utilização de lugares para a prática. Esses fatores devem ser considerados nos programas de incentivo à prática esportiva e à participação nas aulas de educação física.
Characteristics associated with media use in early adolescence
Authors: Godinho José , Araújo Joana , Barros Henrique , Ramos Elisabete
Published: April 2014

This study aimed to identify socioeconomic and behavioral characteristics associated with media use in early adolescence. The sample was comprised of 1,680 adolescents (884 girls and 796 boys) aged 13, attending private and public schools in Porto, Portugal, during 2003/2004. Adolescents completed questionnaires pertaining to demographic, social and behavioral characteristics, including the time spent watching television and playing computer games on week and weekend days. Logistic and proportional ordinal regressions showed that attending public schools, sleeping less time, using tobacco and presenting low levels of physical activity were factors associated with high media use. In boys living with one of their parents as well as living with younger and older parents were also associated with high media use. Besides the association with less healthier behaviours, we also found higher media use among adolescents from lower social classes and less structured families, which may increase their exposure to negative influence of the media.
Comunicación, participación y liderazgo en la percepción del clima emocional en un hospital universitario de Andalucía, España
Authors: Danet Alina , March Joan Carles , Romera Inmaculada García
Published: April 2014

El objetivo de este artículo es conocer y analizar la valoración del personal de un hospital universitario de Andalucía, España, sobre el clima emocional, el tipo de liderazgo ejercido y la calidad de la información y comunicación interna, así como recoger sus propuestas de mejora. El estudio realizado con 730 profesionales facultativos, enfermeros y auxiliares, usa metodología cuantitativa y cualitativa. Los resultados reflejan la existencia de un clima emocional medio-bajo, que se correlaciona con el estilo de liderazgo y la percepción sobre el grado de información y comunicación. Se observan diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los resultados, en función de las categorías profesionales, así como de la unidad o servicio hospitalario. Las demandas de los y las profesionales reflejan una valoración positiva de sus responsables, aunque se evidencia la necesidad de más habilidades propias de un estilo de liderazgo orientador, participativo y afiliativo.
Promover saúde na escola: reflexões a partir de uma revisãosobre saúde escolar na América Latina
Authors: Casemiro Juliana Pereira , Fonseca Alexandre Brasil Carvalho da , Secco Fabio Vellozo Martins
Published: April 2014

Este artigo apresenta revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema da saúde escolar na América Latina a partir de artigos publicados entre 1995 e 2012 e reflete as potencialidades de sua efetivação enquanto política pública. Foi possível identificar a persistência de iniciativas centradas na doença com foco nas ações de triagem e prevenção. Contudo, a eleição da promoção da saúde como eixo estratégico da saúde escolar tem impulsionado mudanças. Neste contexto, são desafios a definição de papéis no planejamento e execução de programas e a vivência do conceito ampliado de saúde. Criar e fortalecer espaços de participação com estudantes, professores, profissionais de saúde e comunidade é indispensável para a construção de realidades mais justas e saudáveis.
Mortes infantis evitáveis por intervenções do Sistema Único de Saúde: comparação de duas coortes de nascimentos
Authors: Santos Hellen Geremias dos , Andrade Selma Maffei de , Silva Ana Maria Rigo , Mathias Thais Aidar de Freitas , Ferrari Lígia Lopes , Mesas Arthur Eumann
Published: April 2014

Comparou-se a mortalidade infantil evitável nas coortes de nascimentos de 2000/2001 e de 2007/2008, em Londrina-PR. Dados sobre nascidos vivos e óbitos infantis foram vinculados em base de dados única e as causas básicas de morte foram agrupadas conforme a Lista Brasileira de Causas de Mortes Evitáveis por Intervenções do Sistema Único de Saúde. Calculou-se a variação percentual das taxas de mortes entre os biênios e usou-se a técnica de análise de correspondência. As proporções de óbitos evitáveis foram de 71,6% em 2000/2001 e de 65,5% em 2007/2008. A taxa de mortalidade evitável por atenção à mulher na gestação predominou nos dois biênios, com incremento de 16,7%. Houve declínio das taxas de mortalidade evitável pelas demais causas. A análise de correspondência mostrou, em 2000/2001, um perfil de mortes representado principalmente por causas evitáveis por atenção à mulher no parto e por adequada promoção/atenção à saúde, enquanto que, em 2007/2008, por causas evitáveis por adequada atenção à mulher na gestação, especialmente entre os nascidos com baixo peso, e não claramente evitáveis entre os com peso adequado. Apesar da diminuição da mortalidade por algumas causas evitáveis, são necessárias medidas para aumentar a qualificação da atenção durante a gestação.
Adolescents with mental disorders while serving time and being subjected to socio-educative measures
Authors: Vilarins Natália Pereira Gonçalves
Published: April 2014

This article examines how adolescent offenders with mental disorders are treated by socio-educative internment treatment. These adolescents come under the aegis of medicine and justice in a contradictory relationship between full protection, vulnerability of a developing person with a mental disorder and a juvenile delinquency offense. In this respect, the legal punishment prevails to the detriment of health care. After approval of the research project by an Ethics Research Committee, field research was conducted in the Youth Detention Unit of the Pilot Plan of the Brazilian Federal District. Data were collected through research of documents involving 35 medical records of adolescent users of psychotropic drugs in 2010, as well as participant observation and semi-structured interviews with professionals from the Youth Detention Unit and adolescent judiciary. In the review of the care provided to adolescent offenders with mental disorders under the childhood and youth policy and the mental health policy, it was revealed that the mental health care provided in the Youth Detention Unit or in the external mental health care services involved the prescription of medication.
Senso de coerência e adolescência: uma revisão integrativa de literatura
Authors: Coutinho Virginia Menezes , Heimer Mônica Vilela
Published: April 2014

Realizou-se uma Revisão Integrativa com o objetivo de investigar o papel do Senso de Coerência (SOC) na saúde do adolescente em diferentes contextos, como também os fatores que o influenciam. SOC é um construto utilizado para avaliar a capacidade de lidar e se adaptar a uma adversidade. Foram consultadas as bases Pubmed, Scielo, Lilacs e Medline, com intervalo de 10 anos, nos idiomas inglês, português e espanhol, no formato de artigo original e com resumos disponíveis. Após análise foram selecionados 21 artigos os quais foram separados em categorias temáticas. Verificou-se que adolescentes com um baixo valor de SOC apresentam mais tendência à depressão, ansiedade e problemas psicossomáticos. Já os com SOC alto apresentaram melhor qualidade de vida. Diversos estudos mostraram que um forte SOC estava associado a diferentes comportamentos de saúde, como melhoria da higiene oral, uso consciente de medicamentos, não adesão ao tabagismo, menor consumo de álcool e práticas de atividades físicas mais frequentes. Outros estudos apontam para o papel protetor do SOC por reduzir o impacto causado por situações adversas, como uma doença ou até guerra. Assim, investigar o SOC é importante por ser um recurso individual de enfrentamento como também por servir de subsídio no planejamento de ações para a promoção de saúde.
Resiliência, gênero e família na adolescência
Authors: Rozemberg Laila , Avanci Joviana , Schenker Miriam , Pires Thiago
Published: April 2014

Este estudo busca identificar fatores familiares que influenciam o potencial de resiliência de adolescentes meninos e meninas. É um estudo transversal com dados de um inquérito epidemiológico que contou com a participação de 889 adolescentes do 9º ano de escolas públicas e particulares de um município da região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro, selecionados por amostragem. Variáveis sociodemográficas do adolescente, da família, dentre os quais a violência familiar, e outros fatores são estudados segundo o potencial de resiliência. Foram feitos testes de associação entre as variáveis estudadas e a resiliência, considerados ao nível de significância de 5%. Os resultados indicam que um relacionamento difícil com a mãe ou madrasta, a ausência de supervisão familiar, a presença de depressão, além da baixa utilização de estratégias de coping de distração, ativo e de suporte são fatores associados ao baixo potencial de resiliência. As variáveis morar amontoado e ter relacionamento difícil com os irmãos se mostram nocivas apenas ao poten cial de resiliência das meninas. Programas e políticas públicas necessitam trabalhar com as famílias para que compreendam as necessidades dos adolescentes como forma de prevenção dos problemas de saúde mental e promoção da saúde desta população segundo a ótica de gênero.
Incidence and risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity in a Brazilian reference service
Authors: Gonçalves Eduardo , Násser Luciano Sólia , Martelli Daniella Reis , Alkmim Isadora Ramos , Mourão Thalita Veloso , Caldeira Antônio Prates , Martelli-Júnior Hercílio
Published: April 2014

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a known cause of blindness in which diagnosis and timely treatment can prevent serious harm to the child. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of ROP and its association with known risk factors. DESIGN AND SETTING: Longitudinal incidence study in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros. METHODS: Newborns admitted to the NICU with gestational age less than 32 weeks and/or birth weight less than 1,500 grams, were followed up over a two-year period. The assessment and diagnosis of ROP were defined in accordance with a national protocol. The chi-square test or Fisher's exact test were used to determine associations between independent variables and ROP. Analysis on the independent effect of the variables on the results was performed using multiple logistic regression. RESULTS: The incidence of ROP was 44.5% (95% confidence interval, CI = 35.6-46.1) in the study population. The risk factors associated with the risk of developing the disease were: birth weight less than 1,000 grams (odds ratio, OR = 4.14; 95% CI = 1.34-12.77); gestational age less than 30 weeks (OR = 6.69; 95% CI = 2.10-21.31); use of blood derivatives (OR = 4.14; 95% CI = 2.99-8.99); and presence of sepsis (OR = 1.99; 95% CI = 1.45-2.40). CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of ROP was higher than that found in the literature. The main risk factors were related to extreme prematurity. CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: A retinopatia da prematuridade (ROP) é causa conhecida de cegueira e diagnóstico e tratamento oportunos podem evitar graves danos à criança. Este estudo objetivou avaliar a incidência da ROP e sua associação com fatores de risco conhecidos.
Adaptation to prostheses among patients with major lower-limb amputations and its association with sociodemographic and clinical data
Authors: Nunes Marco Antonio , Campos-Neto Ivo , Ferraz Leonardo Costa , Lima Camilla Andrade , Rocha Tâmara Oliviera , Rocha Thaisa Fátima
Published: April 2014

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Lower-limb amputation compromises patients' independence and autonomy, and therefore they should be referred for rehabilitation in order to adapt to prostheses and regain autonomy. The aim here was to assess adaptation to prostheses among patients with major lower-limb amputations and its association with sociodemographic and clinical data. DESIGN AND SETTING: This was a cross-sectional study in the city of Aracaju, Brazil. METHODS: The patients were identified by primary healthcare teams. The inclusion criterion was that these should be patients who underwent major lower-limb amputations of any etiology. Associations between sociodemographic and clinical variables and the adaptation to lower-limb prostheses were assessed. RESULTS: 149 patients were examined. Adaptation to the prosthesis occurred in 40% (60/149) of them, but only 62% (37/60) were using it. Adaptation occurred more often among male patients (P = 0.017) and among those who had a higher educational level (P = 0.013), with a longer time since amputation (P = 0.049) and when the etiology was trauma (P = 0.003). The result from logistic regression analysis showed that only patients with low education (P = 0.031) were significantly associated with a lower frequency of adaptation to prostheses. CONCLUSION: It was found that patients with a low educational level became adapted to the prosthesis less frequently. CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: A amputação de membros inferiores compromete a independência e a autonomia dos pacientes, por isso, eles devem ser encaminhados para a reabilitação para a adaptação das próteses e assim viabilizar a recuperação da autonomia. O objetivo foi avaliar a adaptação de prótese em pacientes com amputações maiores de membros inferiores e sua associação com dados sócio-demográficos e clínicos.
Prevalence of Candida albicans and non-albicans isolates from vaginal secretions: comparative evaluation of colonization, vaginal candidiasis and recurrent vaginal candidiasis in diabetic and non-diabetic women
Authors: Gunther Luciene Setsuko Akimoto , Martins Helen Priscila Rodrigues , Gimenes Fabrícia , Abreu André Luelsdorf Pimenta de , Consolaro Marcia Edilaine Lopes , Svidzinski Terezinha Inez Estivalet
Published: April 2014

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is caused by abnormal growth of yeast-like fungi on the female genital tract mucosa. Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are more susceptible to fungal infections, including those caused by species of Candida. The present study investigated the frequency of total isolation of vaginal Candida spp., and its different clinical profiles - colonization, VVC and recurrent VVC (RVVC) - in women with DM type 2, compared with non-diabetic women. The cure rate using fluconazole treatment was also evaluated. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study conducted in the public healthcare system of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil. METHODS: The study involved 717 women aged 17-74 years, of whom 48 (6.7%) had DM type 2 (mean age: 53.7 years), regardless of signs and symptoms of VVC. The yeasts were isolated and identified using classical phenotypic methods. RESULTS: In the non-diabetic group (controls), total vaginal yeast isolation occurred in 79 (11.8%) women, and in the diabetic group in 9 (18.8%) (P = 0.000). The diabetic group showed more symptomatic (VVC + RVVC = 66.66%) than colonized (33.33%) women, and showed significantly more colonization, VVC and RVVC than seen among the controls. The mean cure rate using fluconazole was 75.0% in the diabetic group and 86.7% in the control group (P = 0.51). CONCLUSION: We found that DM type 2 in Brazilian women was associated with yeast colonization, VVC and RVVC, and similar isolation rates for C. albicans and non-albicans species. Good cure rates were obtained using fluconazole in both groups.
Association between sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and metabolic syndrome among men
Authors: Sá Emmanuela Quental Callou de , Sá Francisco Carleial Feijó de , Oliveira Kelly Cristina , Feres Fausto , Verreschi Ieda Therezinha Nascimento
Published: April 2014

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Metabolic syndrome consists of a set of factors that imply increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. The objective here was to evaluate the association between sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), sex hormones and metabolic syndrome among men. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective analysis on data from the study "Endogenous oestradiol but not testosterone is related to coronary artery disease in men", conducted in a hospital in São Paulo. METHODS: Men (aged 40-70) who underwent coronary angiography were selected. The age, weight, height, waist circumference, body mass index and prevalence of dyslipidemia, hypertension and diabetes of each patient were registered. Metabolic syndrome was defined in accordance with the criteria of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (NCEP-ATPIII). Serum samples were collected to assess the levels of glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol (high density lipoprotein), triglycerides, albumin, SHBG, estradiol and total testosterone (TT). The levels of LDL-cholesterol (low density lipoprotein) were calculated using Friedewald's formula and free testosterone (FT) and bioavailable testosterone (BT) using Vermeulen's formula. RESULTS: 141 patients were enrolled in the study. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was significantly higher in the first SHBG tercile than in the second and third terciles. A statistically significant positive association between the SHBG and TT values was observed, but no such association was seen between SHBG, BT and FT. CONCLUSION: Low serum levels of SHBG are associated with higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome among male patients, but further studies are required to confirm this association.
Novas tecnologias e desempenho operacional: um estudo internacional comparativo
Authors: Paiva Ely Laureano , Finger Andrew Beheregarai , Teixeira Rafael
Published: April 2014

Este estudo investiga a influência da antecipação de novas tecnologias sobre o desempenho em empresas de manufatura. Complementarmente, foi realizada uma análise comparativa entre plantas industriais localizadas em outros países e no Brasil. Para testar essas questões, foram coletados dados de 337 empresas em 11 países, incluindo o Brasil. Aspectos-chave na gestão de operações, como estratégia de manufatura, integração funcional, gestão da cadeia de suprimentos e parceria com fornecedores, foram considerados relevantes para antecipação de novas tecnologias por empresas. Os resultados sugerem que estratégia de manufatura, integração funcional e parceria com fornecedores são importantes para a antecipação de novas tecnologias por empresas localizadas em outros países, enquanto apenas a integração funcional é importante para as empresas brasileiras. Por fim, existem evidências que sugerem um impacto positivo entre antecipação de novas tecnologias e desempenho operacional, tanto para as empresas internacionais como para as empresas brasileiras.
Multilevel and multidimensional scale for online trust
Authors: López Miguens Maria Jesús , González Vázquez Encarnación , Bernal Turnes Paloma
Published: April 2014

This paper examines the nature of the construct of consumers' trust toward the electronic channel of their financial institution. Through a study of a total of 372 individual users of Internet banking in Spain, we have managed to develop a third-order measuring instrument that integrates a total of seven dimensions. The exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to test the validation and reliability of the proposed scale. Findings provide useful information to professionals who seek to identify how customer's trust is formed in the online channel and in the financial sector.