bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Migración con ojos de mujer. Una mirada interseccional
Authors: Makuc Urbina María Elena
Published: September 2020

Reseña: 

Gonzálvez Torralbo, Herminia; Fernández-Matos, Dhayana y María González-Martínez (comps.) (2019) Migración con ojos de mujer. Una mirada interseccional. Barranquilla: Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
La violencia de género: propuesta para combatirla
Authors: Sefchovich Sara
Published: September 2020

En los últimos meses de 2019 y los primeros de 2020, miles de mujeres salieron a las calles de la Ciudad de México y de otras ciudades del país para protestar por la violencia contra las mujeres.
Análisis de la representación de emociones en niños de 30 meses de edad: Relación con el temperamento y sexo del niño y capacidad de representar en los padres
Authors: Zanetta Ana María Gallardo
Published: September 2020

La capacidad de representar emociones se comprende como la habilidad para producir movimientos faciales y corporales intencionalmente, para hacer “cómo si” se estuviera experienciando un determinado tipo de emoción. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo describir la capacidad de representar emociones en niños de 30 meses de edad, y analizar cómo se relacionaba con el temperamento y sexo de los niños, así como con la capacidad de representar emociones en los padres. En el estudio participaron 80 niños junto a sus padres, con un diseño descriptivo, transversal y correlacional.

Se aplicó el Early Childhood Behavior Questionnaire (ECBQ-VSF) para evaluar temperamento infantil, y una situación diseñada en el estudio para evaluar las representaciones de 6 emociones en adultos y niños; alegría, pena, rabia, miedo, orgullo y vergüenza. Los resultados mostraron que la capacidad de representar emociones en los niños a los 30 meses se relacionó solo con la dimensión de afecto negativo del temperamento, y la intensidad facial de la representación en los padres, más no así con el sexo de los niños.
Escala Normas Inductivas del Uso de Agua en Preescolares
Authors: Orozco Rosales Angélica Daniela , Flores Herrera Luz María
Published: September 2020

La norma inductiva, definida como la presión social percibida que explícitamente marca lo aprobado, es relevante en conducta proambiental jóven (Grønjhø y Thøgersen, 2012), por lo que puede involucrarse en el desarrollo proambiental de niños preescolares, específicamente en el cuidado del agua. Para obtener conocimiento de la norma inductiva en los preescolares es necesario medirla, no obstante, los instrumentos existentes son para jóvenes y adultos, abordando acciones distintas al cuidado del agua (Göckeritz, Schultz, Rendón, Cialdini & Goldstein, 2010; Grønjhø y Thøgersen, 2012). El propósito del estudio fue construir y validar un instrumento que mida normas inductivas preescolares del uso de agua. Se trabajó con 137 niños seleccionados intencionalmente, de tercer grado de preescolar, 56% niñas, 47% de zona con grave escasez hídrica y 52% de zona con baja escasez hídrica. El instrumento fue sometido a jueceo, aplicado individualmente en aulas escolares y analizado estadísticamente para obtener características psicométricas. Quedó una Escala con 16 reactivos de dos factores (Cuidado del agua y Derroche del recurso), con 43.821% de varianza explicada y confiabilidad de .848. Este estudio provee un instrumento válido y confiable para medir normas inductivas en niños preescolares, óptimo para su nivel de desarrollo.
Preferencias Étnicas en Niños Bolivianos: Tras la Huella de la Exclusión
Authors: Roth Eric
Published: September 2020

La presente investigación busca evidencia científica acerca de las preferencias étnicas (PE) como alternativa para el estudio acerca del desarrollo de la identidad en niños por debajo de los 12 años. Con este propósito, se evaluaron las PE y del desarrollo cognitivo en una muestra de 388 niños de ambos sexos, 192 varones (49,5%) y 196 mujeres (50,5%), provenientes de zonas urbanas y peri urbanas de tres ciudades de Bolivia. Se postuló, en concordancia con la multidimensionalidad de las PE que, la edad, el origen étnico de los niños, las destrezas cognitivas, el entorno social y cultural en el que se desarrollan (homogéneo-heterogéneo) y el auto-reconocimiento con respecto a las características de su endogrupo, podrían ser factores de importante influencia sobre sus preferencias. Los resultados mostraron que los niños no consolidan su identidad antes de los 12 años. Sin embargo, resultó evidente que las PE evolucionan y modifican desde la infancia hasta el inicio de la adolescencia, siguiendo un patrón más o menos constante asociado con las variables anteriormente mencionadas.
Diferencias Intra-especie en Respuesta al Estrés: Hacia Enfoques Traslacionales
Authors: Torres Carrillo Paulina
Published: September 2020

El estrés produce la sobreactivación del eje HPA y sistema neuroendocrino. Se ha mostrado que existe daño en estructuras relacionadas con el procesamiento emocional (amígdala) aprendizaje (hipocampo), toma de decisiones y prospección (corteza prefrontal). Sin embargo, se generalizan los efectos del estrés sin ponderar el tipo de estrés (crónico o agudo), duración, especie, etc. Esto permite que hallazgos se contrapongan a nivel cortical, neuroquímico, hormonal y conductual. El objetivo fue evaluar los efectos del estrés crónico impredecible (ECI) en diferentes cepas de ratas y sus efectos inmediatos o a largo plazo. Se utilizaron ratas macho Wistar, Wistar Kyoto y SHR en condiciones estándar de laboratorio. Se aplicó una batería de ECI y una batería de evaluación conductual para evaluar efectos previos, agudos y crónicos. La cepa Wistar Kyoto muestra deficiencias previas a la exposición. La cepa SHR muestra mayor movilidad y sesgos atencionales, lo que produce un efecto que perdura a largo plazo. La cepa Wistar muestra una gran capacidad de adaptación ya que aunque se observaron deficiencias inmediatamente después de la exposición al estrés, éstas se recuperan e largo plazo. Se infiere que las precondiciones de los sujetos podrían funcionar como biomarcadores y poder prevenir padecimientos relacionados al estrés.
Diferencias en temperamento según nivel socioeconómico en niños chilenos de 12 y 30 meses
Authors: Farkas Chamarrita
Published: September 2020

Se entiende el temperamento como el conjunto de diferencias individuales en reactividad y autorregulación, manteniéndose relativamente estable a través del tiempo, y siendo influenciado por la herencia, la maduración biológica y el contacto con el ambiente. En el presente estudio se buscó establecer si se dan diferencias en las dimensiones de temperamento de extraversión, afecto negativo y autorregulación según nivel socioeconómico, en niños chilenos asistentes a sala cuna. Se evaluaron 103 niños de ambos sexos, a los 12 y a los 30 meses de edad, con los cuestionarios IBQ-R-VSF y ECBQ-VSF, los cuales respondieron los padres. Los resultados mostraron que entre los 12 y 30 meses la extraversión se mantuvo constante, mientras que las dimensiones de afecto negativo y autorregulación disminuyeron de manera significativa. A los 12 meses los niños de NSE alto mostraron una mayor autorregulación, mientras que a los 30 meses los niños de NSE bajo evidenciaron un mayor afecto negativo. Se discuten los resultados en base a la evidencia encontrada sobre las diferentes realidades en los distintos niveles socioeconómicos.
The effects of endogenous and exogenus orienting of attention on source memory
Authors: Cansino Selene
Published: September 2020

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of endogenous and exogenous orienting of attention on episodic memory. Thirty healthy participants performed a cueing attention paradigm during encoding, in which images of common objects were presented either to the left or to the right of the center of the screen. Before the presentation of each image, three types of symbolic cues were displayed to indicate the location in which the stimuli would appear: valid cues to elicit endogenous orientation, invalid cues to prompt exogenous orientation and neutral or uncued trials. The participants’ task was to discriminate whether the images were symmetrical or not while fixating on the center of the screen to assure the manifestation of only covert attention mechanisms. Covert attention refers to the ability to orient attention by means of central control mechanisms alone, without head and eye movements. Trials with eye movements were excluded after inspection of eye-tracker recordings that were conducted throughout the task. During retrieval, participants conducted a source memory task in which they indicated the location where the images were presented during encoding. Memory for spatial context was superior during endogenous orientation than during exogenous orientation, whereas exogenous orientation was associated with a greater number of missed responses compared to the neutral trials. The formation of episodic memory representations with contextual details benefits from endogenous attention.
¿Cómo Cuentan cuando Cuentan? Cardinalidad en Niños de Preescolar
Authors: Miranda Álvarez Fabiola , Rodríguez Julio Espinosa , López Rodríguez Florente , Romero Sánchez Patricia
Published: September 2020

Los principios de conteo propuestos por Gelman y Gallistel (1978): orden estable, correspondencia biunívoca y cardinalidad, han sido ampliamente estudiados para dar cuenta del conteo. No obstante, la evidencia sobre la propiedad de cardinalidad no siempre se valora mediante un procedimiento válido, además se conoce poco sobre la transición en habilidades de conteo desde temprana edad. Este estudio se diseñó para evaluar el desempeño de infantes en distintas tareas de conteo como una función de la edad, así como comparar la ejecución en las tareas de cardinalidad ¿Cuántos hay? y Dame N cuando se satisface el requisito de niveles más simples de conteo. Participaron 48 niños entre 30 y 54 meses de edad, seleccionados de Centros Escolares de la Ciudad de México. Todos los participantes fueron expuestos a tareas de orden estable y correspondencia biunívoca como requisito para la aplicación de las tareas de cardinalidad “¿Cuántos hay?” y “Dame N” como fase de prueba de la propiedad de cardinalidad. Los resultados mostraron una ejecución mayor en ¿Cuántos hay? para niños después de los 36 meses, así como una relación lineal positiva entre la ejecución de las tareas y la edad, siendo mayor el nivel de ajuste en el modelo que incluye la ejecución en Dame N como variable predicha. Los datos se discuten en función de la pertinencia de las diferentes tareas en la medición de cardinalidad y se plantea que el desarrollo de habilidades cardinales no necesariamente parte del dominio de propiedades más simples de conteo como única condición.
La Autosuficiencia Inducida Mediante la Manipulación de Dinero Disminuye la Intención y el Comportamiento Deshonesto
Authors: García Ramos Diego Alejandro
Published: September 2020

Existe controversia sobre el efecto preconsciente del priming con dinero sobre el comportamiento (Rohrer, Pasher & Harris, 2015). Supuestamente, los evocadores de riqueza mediante técnicas de priming provocan que la gente entre en un estado de autosuficiencia (Vos, Mead & Goode, 2006) en el que optan por comportamientos individualistas y se sienten más capaces. Dicho estado ha sido asociado con un aumento en la intención y conducta deshonesta (Kouchaki, Smith-Crowe, Brief & Sousa, 2013). Para confirmar la robustez de los efectos anteriores se desarrollaron dos experimentos de tres grupos experimentales y un experimento factorial de 3x2 en los que se puso a prueba si la manipulación de dinero afectaba la intención deshonesta, y la conducta deshonesta en una prueba concreta así como en una tarea abstracta. No se encon­traron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los puntajes de intención deshonesta (F (2,57)= 0.163, p=.850; η2p=0.06), ni entre los puntajes de deshonestidad concreta (F (2,114)= 0.582, p=0.560; η2p=0.010) ni en los de des­honestidad abstracta (χ2(2)=2.360, p=0.307). Contrariamente a lo esperado, los grupos estimulados con dinero fueron los que reportaron menor intención y conducta deshonesta. Ello podría indicar que el dinero actuó más como un evocador de honestidad o responsabilidad, más que de deshonestidad.
Validación de un Instrumento de Cohesión Vecinal para la Ciudad de México
Authors: González Tapia Flor Patricia
Published: September 2020

La cohesión vecinal podría ser un constructo tanto multidimensional como de un solo factor, según la población que se mida; sin embargo, su operacionalización se ha realizado en culturas individualistas o con economías de altos ingresos. Por lo tanto, los objetivos de este trabajo fueron conocer la estructura factorial de la cohesión vecinal en una población colectivista y comprobar su consistencia interna global y por factor. Se aplicó de manera individual una escala de auto-reporte tipo Likert con 48 reactivos a 513 habitantes de la Ciudad de México con edades entre 15 y 78 años, que residían en colonias de distintos niveles socioeconómicos. Un análisis factorial exploratorio arrojó una estructura organizada en tres factores que explican el 54% de la varianza (α = .91), lo cual se corroboró con un análisis factorial confirmatorio. Se concluye que, en la versión adaptada del Instrumento de Cohesión Vecinal, se valida el modelo de tres factores (sentido de comunidad, atracción al vecindario y relaciones vecinales), y se comprueba una consistencia interna global excelente y buena para sus factores. Se sugiere el uso y baremación de esta escala en México.
Dimensions of Self-Construal Associated with Self-Esteem and Depression: A Study among Mexican Students
Authors: Smith Peter B. , Pérez Floriano Lorena , Díaz Rivera Paola Eunice
Published: September 2020

The relationship between dimensions of self-construal and reported mood states is examined among two samples of Mexican students. Scales focused on seven different aspects of self-construal were employed. Respondents favored predominantly individualistic ways of describing themselves, but also scored high on connection to others. These effects were particularly strong among respondents from Tijuana when compared with those from Mexico City. Depressive mood state was predicted by higher self-reported connection with others, commitment to others, receptiveness to influence and behavioral variability. High self-esteem was predicted by higher self-reported consistency, self-orientation, self-direction and expressiveness.
Validation of the Bolino and Turnley’s Impression Management Scale in a Mexican Sample
Authors: Domínguez Espinosa Alejandra del Carmen , Velasco Matus Pedro Wolfgang , Aguilera Mijares Santiago , Contreras Moreno Marina
Published: September 2020

Impression Management (IM) states that: 1) People know how others perceive them, 2) People attempt to control such perceptions. Bolino and Turnley (1999) developed an IM Scale based on Jones and Pittman’s (1982) taxonomy of five strategies: Self-promotion, Ingratiation, Exemplification, Intimidation, and Supplication. The purpose of this study was to validate the IM Scale using a Mexican sample, evaluating reliability scores and dimensionality. A nomological network for IM was performed considering the Five-factor Personality traits, Social desirability, and Sense of control. Results prove adequate internal reliability and confirm the instrument’s five factor structure. Our psychometric findings support the premise that IM may overlap with other psychological constructs, providing evidence of its construct validity.
The Psychosocial Factors of Academic Achievement: Three Different Theoretical Models
Authors: Gutiérrez Tapia Martha Patricia , Domínguez Espinosa Alejandra Del Carmen , Ruiz Muñoz María Mercedes , Fuentes Balderrama Jaime , Gutiérrez Fierros Emiliano
Published: September 2020

Within individual factors that affect academic achievement, personality traits have been the least explored eventhough there is evidence that suggest conscientiousness, neuroticism and self-efficacy are direct contributors ofacademic achievement. We used a sample of 725 Mexican public high school students (Mage =18, SDage =1.09,59% female) to test three Path Analysis models based on those proposed by Stajkovic, Bandura, Locke, Lee andSergent, (2018). Although the models present very similar fit statistics and explanatory power, the intrapersonalmodel is more parsimonious, presents better fit indices and was therefore chosen as our final model. The modelidentifies middle school GPA, self-efficacy, neuroticism and conscientiousness as direct predictors of high schoolacademic achievement, and both extraversion and academic self-concept as indirect predictors when mediatedby self-efficacy. Students can use the power of their own self-efficacy beliefs as support for staying in school,boosting their aptitudes and enhancing previously acquired knowledge. We would suggest the addition of stronger correlates to high school academic achievement such as self-control as well as experimental data on how easy cognitions and capabilities can change in the sample.
Desarrollo Infantil en Niños de Madres con y sin Consumo durante Etapa Gestacional
Authors: Vargas Alulema Estefanía Elizabeth
Published: September 2020

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo identificar las diferencias en el desarrollo infantil en los niños con y sin antecedentes de consumo materno de sustancias en etapa gestacional, a través de la aplicación de la Escala Abreviada de Desarrollo Infantil “Nelson Ortiz”, en una muestra de niños de entre 0 y 3 años de edad en situación de acogimiento institucional. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y comparativo de grupos, en 36 participantes, de los cuales 18 tuvieron antecedentes de consumo materno y 18 sin antecedentes de consumo materno en etapa gestacional. Los niños estaban incorporados en Instituciones Públicas y las sustancias consumidas por los progenitores fueron: alcohol, cocaína, cannabinoides, cafeína y disolventes volátiles. Los resultados obtenidos a través del análisis de varianza con un factor ANOVA revelan que, existe diferencias significativas entre los valores  (F=4,405; p< 0,01), lo cual permite determinar que, el consumidor que influye en mayor magnitud  en el desarrollo global del niño es la madre consumidora y la sustancia más perjudicial es el alcohol.  El análisis comparativo obtenidos a través de la prueba no paramétrica “U” de Mann-Whitney indica que, existen diferencias significativas de p<0,01 en el desarrollo global entre el grupo de consumo y no consumo de sustancias y; en las áreas de desarrollo son evidentes las diferencias significativas de p< 0,01 en el área motriz fino adaptativa y de p<0,05 en el área de audición y lenguaje.
Desarrollo y Validación de la Escala de Restauración Psicológica Percibida en Población Mexicana
Authors: Irepan Aguilar Maricela , Ortega Andeane Patricia
Published: September 2020

El ambiente físico juega un papel importante en el manejo del estrés; la investigación ha probado la relación entre la exposición a ambientes naturales y la recuperación del estrés fisiológico y la fatiga mental. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue desarrollar una escala confiable y válida que evalúe la percepción de restauración psicológica ante el estrés en escenarios naturales. El desarrollo de la escala se realizó en dos fases, en la primera fase, se utilizó la técnica de redes semánticas, a partir de los resultados se redactaron los reactivos que se probaron en  la segunda etapa, la validación del instrumento se hizo a través del análisis factorial confirmatorio, en esta etapa participaron 273 personas, hombres y mujeres, con edad promedio de 30 años. A través del Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio se conformó la versión final de la escala que con 23 ítems que evalúan tres factores, valoración estética y afectiva, restauración y prospectiva, con valores de ajuste X2=550.51, p=0.00, CFI=0.94, RMSEA=0.07 y confiabilidad total de 0.96 considerándose que la escala es un instrumento válido y confiable, por lo que su uso puede contribuir en la evaluación y diseño de ambientes restauradores.
Apoyo Social, Autoestima y Bienestar Subjetivo en Escolares. El caso de México y Argentina
Authors: González Arratia López Fuentes Norma Ivonne
Published: September 2020

Se analiza si la autoestima media la relación entre apoyo social y bienestar subjetivo en niños de educación básica que se encuentran en condición de vulnerabilidad social por situación de precariedad económica, en el que se realizaron dos estudios. El primero, evalúa estas variables en niños mexicanos y el segundo explora si esta asociación se da en la misma dirección en el caso de niños argentinos. La muestra total está conformada por 207 escolares, 96 niños y 111 niñas, con un rango de edad de 11 a 15 años (M= 11.93, DT= .97) todos de escuelas públicas de educación básica. Los participantes del grupo 1 son 100 niños mexicanos de ambos sexos, el grupo 2 son 107 participantes (46 niños y 61 niñas) de la ciudad de Mendoza Argentina. Aplicándose escalas de: autoestima, apoyo social familiar, afectividad positiva-negativa y de satisfacción con la vida. La asociación entre las variables fue significativa excepto la afectividad negativa, al igual que los modelos de regresión. Se comprueba parcialmente el modelo de trayectorias propuesto. Se sugiere continuar verificando el modelo, y considerar la inclusión de variables contextuales como el ambiente familiar, y académicas para explicar los factores que contribuyen en el bienestar infantil.
JMASM 54: A Comparison of Four Different Estimation Approaches for Prognostic Survival Oral Cancer Model
Authors: Knapp Thomas R.
Published: September 2020

Rubin (1976, and elsewhere) claimed that there are three kinds of “missingness”: missing completely at random; missing at random; and missing not at random. He gave examples of each. The article that now follows takes an opposing view by arguing that almost all missing data are missing not at random.
Práticas de ensino de leitura numa perspectiva metacognitiva
Authors: Ribeiro Maria Clara Maciel de Araújo , Cavalcante Vanuze Maria Pacheco , Nunes Cláudia Tatiana Prates
Published: September 2020

Este estudo discute uma perspectiva de ensino de leitura ainda pouco difundida na escola pública brasileira: a perspectiva metacognitiva. Embora tal abordagem não seja nova, ela ainda não adentrou à escola de maneira relevante. Assim, perguntamo-nos em que medida a perspectiva metacognitiva pode contribuir com o ensino de leitura na escola. A partir disso, por meio de uma metodologia que mescla a revisão de literatura ao relato de experiência, objetivamos produzir uma breve discussão teórica sobre o tema no intuito de alicerçar o conhecimento do professor de português para, em seguida, apresentar dois Projetos de Intervenção realizados no Ensino Fundamental II: um sobre o ensino de estratégias metacognitivas, outro sobre o ensino de processos inferenciais, apresentando seus desenvolvimentos e conclusões. Ao fim, relatamos os resultados dos projetos, defendendo que o ensino de leitura na abordagem apresentada pode promover autonomia em leitura, empoderando os sujeitos por meio de seu próprio saber.
Novel coronavirus (Sars-CoV-2): spatial diffusion and another level for the socialization of investments in Brazil
Authors: Rogério Silveira Márcio , Fernandes Felipe Junior Nelson , Giraldi Cocco Rodrigo , Matos Felácio Rafael , Azeredo Rodrigues Lucas
Published: September 2020

The aim of this article is to analyse the spatial diffusion patterns of Covid-19 in Brazil, considering the organization of transport systems, the urban network, and spatial interactions. It is also important to highlight some of the State strategies and actions necessary to combat the epidemic and encourage economic development. Transport systems and their flows are diffusion vectors of the novel coronavirus throughout the territory, and this process permeates different moments of spatial interactions within the hierarchical context of the urban networks. In the case of Brazil, the advance of Covid-19 has assumed elevated levels, given the precariousness of the equipment of social reproduction, particularly over recent years. The deepening neoliberalism in Brazil is added to an erratic policy for combating the pandemic, thereby counteracting the pressing need for the socialization of investments in Brazil.
Results of experimental studies of high-strength fiber reinforced concrete beams with round cross-sections under combined bending and torsion
Authors: Travush Vladimir I. , Karpenko Nikolay I. , Kolchunov Vladimir I. , Kaprielov Semen S. , Demyanov Alexey I. , Bulkin Sergei A. , Moskovtseva Violetta S.
Published: September 2020

The aim of the work - experimental investigation on crack propagation and deformation in high-strength fiber reinforced concrete beams with round cross-sections under combined bending and torsion for the development of practical methods of crack resistance, deformation and strength analysis of such structures, and also for the accumulation of new experimental data on resistance under combined loading. Method is experimental-theoretical. Results. Deflection plots and force-deformation relationships for high-strength fiber reinforced concrete beams with round cross-sections under combined bending and torsion are determined experimentally. Principal deformations in terms of elongation and compression of concrete for the experimental beam structures with high torsion to bending moment ratio are determined. It is established that for high-strength fiber reinforced concrete structures of circular cross-section, generally, development of one-two discrete cracks is observed, therefore the circular shape of the cross-section slightly reduces the concentration defined by the material structure of high-strength concrete. On the basis of the conducted investigation on high-strength fiber reinforced concrete structures with circular sections, new experimental data on the combined stress-strain state in the studied areas of resistance is obtained, such as: values of generalized cracking, and failure, load, its level relative to the ultimate load; distance between the cracks at different stages of crack propagation; crack widths at principal reinforcement axis level, at a double diameter distance from the principal rebar axes and also along the entire crack profile at various stages of loading; coordinates of nonplanar crack formations; patterns of crack formation, development and opening in reinforced concrete structures under combined bending and torsion.
Retensi Ekstrak Karoten pada Olahan Mie Wortel (Daucus carrota L.)
Authors: Wahyuni Putri , Sumarni Ni Ketut , Prismawiryanti  , Hardi Jaya
Published: September 2020

Carotene extract from carrots (Daucus carrota L.) can improve the quality of processed noodles. Determining of carotene retention in processed carrot noodles during the storage period that has been done aims to know the reaction kinetics and shelf life of the noodles. Carrot noodles were stored for 8 weeks at room temperature and analyzed its carotene content by using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer every 7 days. The result showed that the retention of carrot noodles during storage of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 weeks was 53.64%, 53.19%, 52.49%, 51.68%, 51.07%, 46.30%, 45.96, 45.88, and 44.93%, respectively. The retention kinetics of carrot noodles during storage followed a zero-order reaction and had a shelf life of up to 30 weeks, 4 days, 4 hours.

Keywords: carrot noodles, retention, self life
Karakterisasi Nanokomposit Poly(Lactic Acid)-Spent Bleaching Earth Regenerasi Termodifikasi
Authors: Paramitha Tika , Sitompul Johnner P.
Published: September 2020

Development of renewable resource-based polymers attracts attention to solve environmental problems due to the build up of polymer (plastic). Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is one of the most widely used polymers which have good biodegradability and processability. The addition of fillers to the PLA matrix aims to improve the characteristics of the PLA, such as mechanical properties of nanocomposites of PLA. Thus, PLA can be use as substitution of fossil fuel-based polymer. Spent Bleaching Earth (SBE) can be used as a filler after regeneration process. SBE was extracted and oxidized to take its oil content. Then, SBE was modified with urea solution to increase the interlayer distance. In this study, structure of nanocomposites was characterized using X-Ray Diffraction and mechanical properties of nanocomposites were characterized using Universal Testing Machines. X-Ray Diffraction characterization results show that PLA-SBE nanocomposite and PLA-modified regenerated SBE nanocomposites do not form new peaks, so SBE and modified regenerated SBE is intercalated and partially exfoliated in the PLA matrix. The degree of intercalation/exfoliation is indicated by the results of characterization of mechanical properties. The mechanical properties of PLA-SBE nanocomposite are lower than neat PLA, whereas the mechanical properties of PLA-modified regenerated SBE nanocomposites are higher than neat PLA. The best mechanical properties of nanocomposites were obtained for PLA-5% modified regenerated SBE, with elongation and tensile strength, 3.26%, and 42.22 MPa, respectively.

Keywords: nanocomposites, poly(lactic acid), regeneration, spent bleaching earth
Experimental evaluation of proposed multi-layered structure fire test methodology
Authors: Guobys Remigijus , Moksin Vadim
Published: September 2020

The paper presents results of numerical simulation and fire tests of multi-layered structures carried out under real fire conditions. It has been shown that fire test carried out according to ISO 834 standard differs from fire test conducted under real fire conditions. A new fire test methodology has been proposed. It is suggested to use real fire temperatures during fire tests to avoid accidents and allow occupants to evacuate the building safely. The ISO fire test standard should be improved visibly. Structural solutions to reduce temperatures and temperature deformations of multi-layered structures during fire are also reviewed. It was established that the gypsum layer should be placed in the middle of multi-layered structure in order to cool the structure more efficiently during fire.
Microscopic experimental study on acoustic agglomeration of the droplets on wall
Authors: Li Fang-Fang , Huang Chen , Xie En , Wang Guang-Qiang , Qiu Jun
Published: September 2020

Study on the effect of acoustic wave on droplet collision-coalescence process is interesting and helps to better understand the acoustic agglomeration mechanism. This study designs and carries out a microscopic experiment to investigate the effect of acoustic wave on wall droplet collision-coalescence process. The derived microscopic images of droplets under the action of different sound waves at different moment are processed and analyzed by binaryzation with iterative threshold, cavity filling, morphological open arithmetic processing, and identification of connected regions, etc. Using a newly defined parameter, equivalent droplet size, the growth rates of the droplets in natural state and under the action of different acoustic parameters are compared and analyzed. The results show that the effect of sound wave greatly accelerates the collision-coalescence process of the droplet, and comparing with sound pressure level, the frequency of the sound wave is a more effective parameter in promoting the collision-coalescence process of wall droplets, and the lower the acoustic wave frequency results in larger collision-coalescence rate.
Determination and measurement of some thermophysical properties of nanofluids and comparison with literature studies
Authors: Topuz Adnan , Erdogan Beytullah , Aycan Osman
Published: September 2020

The thermophysical properties of nanofluids must be determined to evaluate their thermal performances like heat transfer, convection heat transfer coefficient, Nusselt number. The purpose of this study is to obtain the thermophysical properties of nanofluids. Al2O3, TiO2, and ZnO are used as a nanoparticle, while deionized water is used as base fluid. The solutions included nanoparticles in a way to be each with 0.5%, 0.7%, and 1.0% volumetric concentration were prepared. SDS was added to the solutions as a surfactant to prevent instability that occurred due to agglomeration and sedimentation. For thermal conductivity measurement, the device that works by the transient hot-wire method was used between 30-60?C temperatures. Also, for viscosity measurement, the device that works as based on the vibrating plate method was used between 20-50?C temperatures. Density and specific heat values are obtained with the help of the well-known equations while thermal conductivity and viscosity are measured. Thanks to this study, it is emphasized how thermophysical properties of nanofluids change according to temperature and volumetric concentration. Moreover, their curve fitting equations are obtained. All of the thermophysical properties compared with the studies in the literature. It is established that the thermal conductivity of nanofluids is proportional to temperature, and viscosity of it is proportional to volumetric concentrations but inversely with temperature. Finally, the effects of the augmentation in dynamic viscosity on pumping power were considered as well as the increase in thermal conductivity; thus, no abnormal heat transfer enhancement was observed.
Corrigendum: Experimental study on production and emission characteristics of PM 2.5 from industrial fluidized bed boilers
Authors: Editorial E
Published: September 2020

Requests that it is necessary to clearly define names of two Corresponding
authors of the paper EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON PRODUCTION AND EMISSION
CHARACTERISTICS OF PM2.5 FROM INDUSTRIAL FLUIDIZED BED BOILERS by Songsong
ZHANGa, Qian DUb* , and Guoli QIa

 Link to the corrected article 10.2298/TSCI190828001Z
Making Sense of Risk Management as a (Dis)Comfort-Inducing Practice
Authors: Gendron Yves , Samsonova-Taddei Anna , Guénin Henri
Published: September 2020

This study aims to enhance our understanding of the practice of risk management, and specifically how corporate boards fulfill their responsibilities regarding risk oversight. We draw on a theoretical perspective centered on (dis)comfort and 25 interviews with corporate board members and risk management consultants in Canada to present a view of risk management as a set of activities characterized by tension between actions that engender the feeling of discomfort, and a quest for comfort and reassurance. Our findings provide insights that show how, alongside the functionalist underpinnings, comfort-seeking represents a pervasive imperative that profoundly shapes risk management in action.
Factors Affecting the Outcomes of Legal Claims against Auditors
Authors: De Meyst Karen J. , Lowe D. Jordan , Peecher Mark E. , Pickerd Jeffrey , Reffett Andrew
Published: September 2020

Maksymov, Pickerd, Lowe, Peecher, and Reffett (2020b) draw insights based on interviews with 27 prominent audit litigation attorneys about the factors affecting the initiation of legal claims against auditors and how such factors affect settlement outcomes. We summarize their key findings and discuss important implications for audit practitioners. Specifically, we focus on the key factors that affect plaintiff attorneys' willingness to pursue legal claims against auditors, including the merits of the claim, size of alleged economic damages, auditors' ability to pay, and the expected cost to pursue the claim. We also discuss the reasons why most audit disputes settle (as opposed to resolving at trial) and the factors affecting settlement outcomes. We hope the insights provided enhance audit practitioners' understanding of litigation and the settlement process to allow them to manage claims in a less intimidated and ultimately more strategic manner.
Heartland Payment Systems: Cybersecurity Impact on Audits and Financial Statement Contingencies
Authors: Reidenbach Matthew , Wang Ping
Published: September 2020

During the fiscal year 2008 financial reporting process, Heartland Payment Systems, Inc. experienced a breach of its operational data by international hackers and a U.S. Secret Service informant who returned to his criminal life as a hacker. As a result, Heartland's management assessed the data breach to determine both the immediate accounting and long-term operational impacts on the viability of the company. Similarly, Heartland's external auditors independently assessed the data breach for their audit of the company's financials. Using this case, students will apply their professional research skills through identifying appropriate accounting and auditing guidance, and use critical-thinking skills to evaluate the decisions made by the company, external auditors, and shareholders. Students will also evaluate the ethical implications of difficult judgmental decisions facing professional accountants by scrutinizing the activities of both financial statement preparers and auditors in the emerging area of cybersecurity.

JEL Classifications: I21; M41; M42.
Research Initiatives in Accounting Education: Toward a More Inclusive Accounting Academy
Authors: Brown-Liburd Helen , Joe Jennifer R.
Published: September 2020

This essay provides descriptive evidence on the state of under-represented minority (URM) Ph.D. faculty in the accounting academy. Despite the significant growth in URM faculty in the last 26 years, the proportion of URM faculty remains extremely low (below 5 percent). Over 60 percent of URM accounting faculty earn their Ph.D.s at research-intensive institutions, but their employment rate at these institutions, and top-ranked universities, and M.B.A. programs remains low. Although URM faculty are largely excluded from leadership roles in accounting journals, their contributions to research are on par with productivity metrics for all accounting faculty. This essay, the first report of its kind on the state of race in the academy, briefly reviews the relevant existing literature and offers suggestions for future research. This essay also includes recommendations for improving the recruiting and retention of URM faculty and transparency in the publication process aimed at achieving greater inclusiveness in the academy.
Necessity: The Mother of Invention? The Tension Between Management Control and Creativity: Lessons from Apollo 13
Authors: Tucker Basil , Halkett Ian , James Ady
Published: September 2020

This case study develops our understanding of the ways in which management control and creativity coexist within organizations. We extend current understandings of how management control and creativity may combine by theorizing a broad typological framework comprising four basic forms. We postulate that not only can control and creativity coexist, but that they are mutually reliant and can function concurrently to differing extents within one operational entity as circumstances dictate. The case we use to illustrate our framework is based on a review of NASA documentation and first-person accounts of the ill-fated Apollo 13 mission, during which the need to manage the apparent dichotomy between control and creativity was literally a matter of life and death. Our findings serve as a foundational basis for further empirical and theoretical enquiry and offer research directions that may provide a deeper understanding of the ways in which control and creativity may combine.

JEL Classifications: M00; M41.
Compensation and Taxes: Evidence from Relative Performance Evaluation
Authors: Kubick Thomas R. , Yazzie Courtney E.
Published: September 2020

Relative performance evaluation (RPE) is a common practice in compensation contracting, essentially conditioning management compensation on the achievement of certain performance goals relative to a benchmark. In this paper, we examine the incentive effects of RPE usage on tax outcomes. We predict and find that low-tax peers in RPE contracts influence focal firm tax outcomes. Specifically, we find that a greater proportion of low-tax RPE peers embedded in RPE compensation contracts is associated with lower book and cash effective tax rates, and we find evidence that this effect is not confined to RPE peers within the same industry. Moreover, we also find that the tax outcomes incentivized through low-tax RPE peers occur through RPE grants conditional on achieving after-tax earnings metrics. Overall, our results reveal that RPE provides a meaningful influence on corporate tax outcomes.

Data Availability: All data used in this study were obtained from publicly available sources.
Mechanisms Underlying Absent Training-Induced Improvement in Insulin Action in Lean, Hyperandrogenic Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Hansen Solvejg L. , Bojsen-Møller Kirstine N. , Lundsgaard Anne-Marie , Hendrich Frederikke L. , Nilas Lisbeth , Sjøberg Kim A. , Hingst Janne R. , Serup Annette K. , Olguín Carlos Henríquez , Carl Christian S. , Wernblad Louise F. , Henneberg Marie , Lustrup Katja M. , Hansen Christine , Jensen Thomas E. , Madsbad Sten , Wojtaszewski Jørgen F. P. , Richter Erik A. , Kiens Bente
Published: September 2020

Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have been shown to be less insulin sensitive compared with control (CON) women, independent of BMI. Training is associated with molecular adaptations in skeletal muscle, improving glucose uptake and metabolism in both healthy individuals and patients with type 2 diabetes. In the current study, lean hyperandrogenic women with PCOS (n = 9) and healthy CON women (n = 9) completed 14 weeks of controlled and supervised exercise training. In CON, the training intervention increased whole-body insulin action by 26% and insulin-stimulated leg glucose uptake by 53% together with increased insulin-stimulated leg blood flow and a more oxidative muscle fiber type distribution. In PCOS, no such changes were found, despite similar training intensity and improvements in VO2max. In skeletal muscle of CON but not PCOS, training increased GLUT4 and HKII mRNA and protein expressions. These data suggest that the impaired increase in whole-body insulin action in women with PCOS with training is caused by an impaired ability to upregulate key glucose-handling proteins for insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle and insulin-stimulated leg blood flow. Still, other important benefits of exercise training appeared in women with PCOS, including an improvement of the hyperandrogenic state.
Comparison of Preoperative Remission Scores and Diabetes Duration Alone as Predictors of Durable Type 2 Diabetes Remission and Risk of Diabetes Complications After Bariatric Surgery: A Post Hoc Analysis of Participants From the Swedish Obese Subjects Study
Authors: Sjöholm Kajsa , Carlsson Lena M.S. , Taube Magdalena , le Roux Carel W. , Svensson Per-Arne , Peltonen Markku
Published: September 2020

OBJECTIVE

Bariatric surgery is associated with diabetes remission and prevention of diabetes-related complications. The ABCD, DiaRem, Ad-DiaRem, DiaBetter, and individualized metabolic surgery scores were developed to predict short- to medium-term diabetes remission after bariatric surgery. However, they have not been tested for predicting durable remission nor the risk of diabetes complications, nor compared with diabetes duration alone.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We identified 363 individuals from the surgically treated group in the prospective Swedish Obese Subjects study with preoperative type 2 diabetes and for whom data (preoperative age, BMI, C-peptide, HbA1c, oral diabetes medications, insulin use, and diabetes duration) were available for calculation of remission scores. Partial remission (after 2 and 10 years) was defined as blood glucose <6.1 mmol/L or HbA1c <6.5% (48 mmol/mol) and no diabetes medication. Information on diabetes complications (at baseline and over 15 years of follow-up) was obtained from national health registers. Discrimination was evaluated by area under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROCs).

RESULTS

For 2-year diabetes remission, AUROCs were between 0.79 and 0.88 for remission scores and 0.84 for diabetes duration alone. After 10 years, the predictive ability of scores decreased markedly (AUROCs between 0.70 and 0.76), and no score had higher predictive capacity than diabetes duration alone (AUROC = 0.73). For development of microvascular and macrovascular diabetes complications over 15 years, AUROCs for remission scores were 0.70–0.80 and 0.62–0.71, respectively, and AUROCs for diabetes duration alone were 0.77 and 0.66, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

Remission scores and diabetes duration are good predictors of short-term diabetes remission. However, for durable remission and risk of complications, remission scores and diabetes duration alone have limited predictive ability.
Childhood BMI and Fasting Glucose and Insulin Predict Adult Type 2 Diabetes: The International Childhood Cardiovascular Cohort (i3C) Consortium
Authors: Hu Tian , Jacobs David R. , Sinaiko Alan R. , Bazzano Lydia A. , Burns Trudy L. , Daniels Stephen R. , Dwyer Terry , Hutri-Kähönen Nina , Juonala Markus , Murdy Kari A. , Prineas Ronald J. , Raitakari Olli T. , Urbina Elaine M. , Venn Alison , Woo Jessica G. , Steinberger Julia
Published: September 2020

OBJECTIVE

To examine childhood BMI, fasting glucose, and insulin in relation to incident adult type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We used data from the International Childhood Cardiovascular Cohort (i3C) Consortium. Data included childhood (age 3–19 years) measurements obtained during the 1970s–1990s; a health questionnaire, including self-report of adult T2DM (occurrence age, medication use) obtained at mean age 40 years; and a medical diagnosis registry (Finland).

RESULTS

The sample included 6,738 participants. Of these, 436 (6.5%) reported onset of T2DM between ages 20 and 59 (mean 40.8) years, and 86% of them reported use of a confirmed antidiabetic medication. BMI and glucose (age and sex standardized) were associated with incident T2DM after adjustment for cohort, country, sex, race, age, and calendar year of measurement. Increasing levels of childhood BMI and glucose were related to an incrementally increased risk of T2DM beginning at age 30 years, beginning at cut points <95th percentile for BMI and <100 mg/dL for glucose. Insulin was positively associated with adult T2DM after adjustment for BMI and glucose and added to T2DM discrimination.

CONCLUSIONS

Childhood BMI and glucose are predictors of adult T2DM at levels previously considered to be within the normal range. These easy-to-apply measurements are appealing from a clinical perspective. Fasting insulin has the potential to be an additional predictor.