bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor as an agent for wound bed preparation in traumatic wounds
Authors: Langer Vijay , Rajagopalan S.
Published: September 2012

Background: In patients with life-threatening injuries, simple wounds requiring split-thickness skin grafts (SSG) often get neglected. These then need SSG once they are covered with granulation tissue through wound bed preparation. Traditionally, this is done by daily moist dressings. Recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor (rhPDGF) has been shown to improve healing in chronic wounds. Aim: The present study was undertaken to compare the efficacy of rhPDGF in wound bed preparation with the current practice of daily saline dressings. Setting and Design: A prospective randomised, single-blinded study was carried out for evaluation in traumatic wounds. Materials and Methods: The patients were randomised and divided into a control group that was subjected to saline dressings and a test group that was treated with rhPDGF gel. Both the groups were then compared. The statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS 16.0 and the quantitative variables were analysed using unpaired "t" test, while the pre- and post-intervention effects were assessed using paired "t" test. The 95% CI values were also included. Results: Of the 155 wounds studied, time taken for appearance of granulation tissue (in days) in the test group had a mean of 13.81 ± 2.68, while that in the control group was 13.36 ± 3.81 (P = 0.401). Complete re-epithelialisation without discharge occurred in the control group with a mean value of 28.9 ± 3.67 days, while that in the test group had a mean of 31.17 ± 4.82 days. Conclusion: There was no difference in wound healing between the patients treated with rhPDGF compared to those treated by conventional moist dressings.
Medical simulation: Overview, and application to wound modelling and management
Authors: Pai Dinker R. , Singh Simerjit
Published: September 2012

Simulation in medical education is progressing in leaps and bounds. The need for simulation in medical education and training is increasing because of a) overall increase in the number of medical students vis-à-vis the availability of patients; b) increasing awareness among patients of their rights and consequent increase in litigations and c) tremendous improvement in simulation technology which makes simulation more and more realistic. Simulation in wound care can be divided into use of simulation in wound modelling (to test the effect of projectiles on the body) and simulation for training in wound management. Though this science is still in its infancy, more and more researchers are now devising both low-technology and high-technology (virtual reality) simulators in this field. It is believed that simulator training will eventually translate into better wound care in real patients, though this will be the subject of further research.
An update review of stem cell applications in burns and wound care
Authors: Huang Lin , Burd Andrew
Published: September 2012

The ultimate goal of the treatment of cutaneous burns and wounds is to restore the damaged skin both structurally and functionally to its original state. Recent research advances have shown the great potential of stem cells in improving the rate and quality of wound healing and regenerating the skin and its appendages. Stem cell-based therapeutic strategies offer new prospects in the medical technology for burns and wounds care. This review seeks to give an updated overview of the applications of stem cell therapy in burns and wound management since our previous review of the "stem cell strategies in burns care".
Chronic lower limb wounds evoke systemic response of the lymphatic (immune) system
Authors: Olszewski W. L. , Jain P. , Zaleska M. , Stelmach E. , Swoboda E.
Published: September 2012

Wound healing should not be considered as a process limited only to the damaged tissues. It is always accompanied by an intensive local immune response and in advanced stages, the systemic lymphatic (immune) structure. In this review we present evidence from our own studies as well as pertinent literature on the role of skin and subcutaneous tissue lymphatics at the wound site and of transport of antigens along with collecting afferent lymphatics to the lymph nodes. We also speculate the role of lymph nodes in raising cohorts of bacterial and own tissue antigen-specific lymphocytes and their participation in healing and not infrequently evoking uncontrolled chronic immune reaction causing a delay of healing. It is also speculated as to why there is a rapid response of lymph node cells to microbial antigens and tolerance to damaged-tissue-derived antigens occurs
Management of ulcers in lymphoedematous limbs
Authors: Karnasula Vishnu M.
Published: September 2012

Lymphoedema is a progressive condition that can have a marked physical and psychological impact on affected patients and significantly reduce the quality of life. The ulcers on chronic lymphoedema patient, which often also makes it impossible for them to work. If left untreated, tends to progress or worsen. Ulcers in lymphoedema patients, therefore, represent not only a medical but also a psychological problem. The treatment is often regarded as being worse than it actually is. In our study of more than 25 years shows around 10% cases are due to chronic lymphodema. Ulcers of chronic lymphoedema are classified into four stages according to their presentation. Their management depends upon their stage of presentation. Patients with chronic lymphoedema and ulceration require a different approach to treatment. The specific issues associated with managing the patient with lymphoedematous ulceration include, limb shape distortion i.e., elephantiasis, care of the skin creases and folds, and swelling of the toes and fore foot. Stage I ulcers will heal with conservative treatment without any surgical intervention. Stage II ulcers needs debridement of the wound and split-thickness skin grafting. The most difficult to treat are the stage III and IV ulcers, due to associated skin changes and reduced vascularity. These cases need debulking along with excision of the ulcer. In order to prevent recurrence of the ulcer in all the four stages needs prolonged follow-up and limb care.
Management of radiation wounds
Authors: Iyer Subramania , Balasubramanian Deepak
Published: September 2012

Radiotherapy forms an integral part in cancer treatment today. It is used alone or in combination with surgery and chemotherapy. Although radiotherapy is useful to effect tumour death, it also exerts a deleterious effect on surrounding normal tissues. These effects are either acute or can manifest months or years after the treatment. The chronic wounds are a result of impaired wound healing. This impairment results in fibrosis, nonhealing ulcers, lymphoedema and radionecrosis amongst others. This article will discuss the pathophysiology in brief, along with the manifestations of radiation-induced injury and the treatment available currently
Burn wound: How it differs from other wounds?
Authors: Tiwari V. K.
Published: September 2012

Management of burn injury has always been the domain of burn specialists. Since ancient time, local and systemic remedies have been advised for burn wound dressing and burn scar prevention. Management of burn wound inflicted by the different physical and chemical agents require different regimes which are poles apart from the regimes used for any of the other traumatic wounds. In extensive burn, because of increased capillary permeability, there is extensive loss of plasma leading to shock while whole blood loss is the cause of shock in other acute wounds. Even though the burn wounds are sterile in the beginning in comparison to most of other wounds, yet, the death in extensive burns is mainly because of wound infection and septicemia, because of the immunocompromised status of the burn patients. Eschar and blister are specific for burn wounds requiring a specific treatment protocol. Antimicrobial creams and other dressing agents used for traumatic wounds are ineffective in deep burns with eschar. The subeschar plane harbours the micro-organisms and many of these agents are not able to penetrate the eschar. Even after complete epithelisation of burn wound, remodelling phase is prolonged. It may take years for scar maturation in burns. This article emphasizes on how the pathophysiology, healing and management of a burn wound is different from that of other wounds.
A comparative study of the effect of different topical agents on burn wound infections
Authors: Gunjan Katara , Shobha Chamania , Sheetal Chitnis , Nanda Hemvani , Vikrant Chitnis , Chitnis Dhananjay Sadashiv
Published: September 2012

Background: Topical agents are used to treat burn wound infections. Aims and Objective: The present work was aimed to find out the in vitro efficacy of different topical agents against burn wound pathogens. Settings and Design: Randomly selected gram-positive (29) and gram-negative bacterial (119) isolates from burn wound cases admitted in burn unit of Choithram Hospital and Research Centre, Indore, were included in the in vitro activity testing for silver nitrate, silver sulphadiazine (SSD), chlorhexidine, cetrimide, nitrofuran, soframycin, betadine, benzalkonium chloride and honey by growth inhibition on agar medium. Materials and Methods: Multidrug-resistant isolates of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria were checked for different topical agents. 1% topical agent was mixed with Mueller-Hinton agar. Two microlitres of bacterial suspension adjusted to 0.5 McFarland turbidity standard was spread over the topical agent containing plates. The plates without the topical agent were used as control plates. The plates were incubated for 48 h at 37΀C. Results: SSD (148/148), silver nitrate (148/148) and chlorhexidine (148/148) showed excellent activity against all the pathogens. Neosporin had poor activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, (4/44) Proteus spp. (2/4) and group D streptococci (1/4). Betadine did not show activity against the bacterial isolates in the presence of organic matter. Honey did not exert any antimicrobial activity under the study conditions. Conclusion: SSD, silver nitrate and chlorhexidine have excellent activity against all the bacterial pathogens and could be used empirically, while identification of the infective agent is required for selecting the alternative topical agents such as nitrofuran, soframycin, and benzalkonium chloride.
Development of tissue bank
Authors: Narayan R. P.
Published: September 2012

The history of tissue banking is as old as the use of skin grafting for resurfacing of burn wounds. Beneficial effects of tissue grafts led to wide spread use of auto and allograft for management of varied clinical conditions like skin wounds, bone defects following trauma or tumor ablation. Availability of adequate amount of tissues at the time of requirement was the biggest challenge that forced clinicians to find out techniques to preserve the living tissue for prolonged period of time for later use and thus the foundation of tissue banking was started in early twentieth century. Harvesting, processing, storage and transportation of human tissues for clinical use is the major activity of tissue banks. Low temperature storage of processed tissue is the best preservation technique at present. Tissue banking organization is a very complex system and needs high technical expertise and skilled personnel for proper functioning in a dedicated facility. A small lapse/deviation from the established protocol leads to loss of precious tissues and or harm to recipients as well as the risk of transmission of deadly diseases and tumors. Strict tissue transplant acts and stringent regulations help to streamline the whole process of tissue banking safe for recipients and to community as whole.
NGlycolylGM3/VSSP Vaccine in Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients: Results of Phase I/IIa Clinical Trial
Authors: de la Torre Ana , Hernandez Julio , Ortiz Ramón , Cepeda Meylán , Perez Kirenia , Car Adriana , Viada Carmen , Toledo Dariέn , Guerra Pedro Pablo , García Elena , Arboláez Migdacelys , Fernandez Luis E
Published: September 2012

Patients treated with vaccines based on NGlycolil gangliosides have showed benefit in progression free survival and overall survival. These molecules, which have been observed in breast cancer cells, are minimally or not expressed in normal human tissue and have been considered as antigen tumor-specific. For this reason they are very attractive to immunotherapy. A phase I/II clinical trial was carried out in metastatic breast cancer patients with the NGlycolylGM3/VSSP vaccine administered by subcutaneous route. Selecting the optimal biological doses of the vaccine in these patients was the principal objective based on the immunogenicity, efficacy and safety results. Six levels of doses of vaccine were studied. Treatment schedule consisted of five doses every two weeks and then monthly until reaching a fifteenth doses. Doses levels studied were 150, 300, 600, 900, 1200 and 1500 μg. Five patients in each level were included except at the 900 μg dose, in which ten patients were included. Immunogenicity was determined by levels of antibodies generated in patients after vaccination. The response criteria of evaluation in solid tumors (RECIST) was used to evaluate antitumoral effect. Safety was evaluated by Common Toxicity Criteria of Adverse Event (CTCAE). The vaccine administration was safe and immunogenic in all does levels. Most frequent adverse events related to vaccination were mild or moderate and were related to injection site reactions and “flu-like” symptoms. Vaccination induced specific anti-NeuGcGM3 IgM and IgG antibodies responses in all patients. Disease control (objective response or stable disease) was obtained in 72.7% of evaluated patients. Median overall survival was 15.9 months. Two patients of two different dose levels achieved overall survival values of about six years. The dose of 900 μg was selected as biological optimal dose in which overall survival was 28.5 months.
A Review of Measures to Evaluate Participation Outcomes Post-Stroke
Authors: Kessler Dorothy , Egan Mary
Published: September 2012

Background:

Stroke is one of the most common disabling conditions of adulthood. Participation problems are extremely common post-stroke. Occupational therapists, by virtue of their commitment to enabling occupation, are in a strong position to help stroke survivors improve their participation. To demonstrate effectiveness, occupational therapists must be able to provide evidence of post-treatment changes in participation.

Objective:

The objective of this paper was to identify participation measures that have been developed for, or tested with, individuals who have experienced a stroke and to review them for use as occupational therapy outcome measures.

Method:

A literature review was carried out to locate relevant tools. These tools were then rated for psychometric and clinical properties that are critical for clinical outcome measurement. In addition, the theoretical fit of each evaluation with occupational therapy's commitment to client-centredness was considered.

Results:

Ten evaluations were identified and rated. These ratings were designed to assist occupational therapists to choose a participation measure for their practice.

Conclusion:

Selection and use of such a measure will help occupational therapists to document its effectiveness in improving participation among stroke survivors.
Activity and Participation — Self-Assessment According to the International Classification of Functioning: A Study in Mental Health
Authors: Haglund Lena , Fältman Susanne
Published: September 2012

Introduction:

The aim of this exploratory study was to discover if a fifth qualifier in the domain of Activity and Participation in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) could highlight the experience of satisfaction and enjoyment in the everyday life of people with severe mental illness. It also investigated the correlation between the assessment made by an occupational therapist and nursing staff based on performance, and the assessment made by the clients themselves.

Method:

Twenty-nine clients with schizophrenia or other forms of psychosis participated, using a self-assessment. The performance was investigated by using the first qualifier in the ICF, domain Activity and Participation.

Findings:

The ‘Major life area’ was rated with the most dissatisfaction and displeasure by the clients. ‘Communication’ and ‘General task and demands’ also had low ratings. ‘Self-care’ was rated with the most satisfaction and enjoyment. There was a correlation between the assessments made by the occupational therapist and the nursing staff, but their assessments differed from those made by the clients.

Conclusion:

The study indicates the importance of using self-assessment when understanding everyday life as presented in the ICF, and the importance of using different assessment methods to gain a broad picture of clients.
The Impact of Preschoolers' Gender and Sensory Preferences on Physical Activity Levels during Play
Authors: Ismael Noor Taleb , Lawson Lisa Mische
Published: September 2012

Introduction:

This study examined the differences between boys and girls in relation to activity levels during play and sensory preferences for activity level, body position and movement. A review of the literature revealed no evidence to explain if boys and girls prefer different body positions while playing or if body position might be used to measure their activity levels.

Method:

This retrospective study used data from demographic forms, children's Sensory Profiles and observations of children's play in classroom settings. The sample consisted of 53 typically developing children between ages 3–5 years from a suburban preschool in Kansas in the United States.

Results:

Analysis of data from play observations revealed no significant differences between boys and girls in relation to body position mean (p = 0.33), body position standard deviation (p = 0.19) and total number of change position times (p = 0.28). Analysis of data from children's Sensory Profiles showed no significant differences (p = 0.97) between boys' and girls' seeking preferences reflected by activity level, body position and movement items in the Sensory Profile.

Conclusion:

Future research should investigate children's play in outdoor playgrounds and implement more rigorous methods in rating activity levels.
Microbial bioavailability regulates organic matter preservation in marine sediments
Authors: Koho K. A. , Nierop K. G. J. , Moodley L. , Middelburg J. J. , Pozzato L. , Soetaert K. , van der Plicht J. , Reichart G.-J.
Published: September 2012

Abstract. Burial of organic matter (OM) plays an important role in marine sediments, linking the short-term, biological carbon cycle with the long-term, geological subsurface cycle. It is well established that low-oxygen conditions promote organic carbon burial in marine sediments. However, the mechanism remains enigmatic. Here we report biochemical quality, microbial degradability, OM preservation and accumulation along an oxygen gradient in the Indian Ocean. Our results show that more OM, and of biochemically higher quality, accumulates under low oxygen conditions. Nevertheless, microbial degradability does not correlate with the biochemical quality of OM. This decoupling of OM biochemical quality and microbial degradability, or bioavailability, violates the ruling paradigm that higher quality implies higher microbial processing. The inhibition of bacterial OM remineralisation may play an important role in the burial of organic matter in marine sediments and formation of oil source rocks.
Temporary management of diplopia with botulinum toxin in multiple ocular motor cranial neuropathies
Authors: Tejedor Jaime , Díez Laura
Published: September 2012

Purpose.

To report management of diplopia with botulinum toxin injection in traumatic multiple ocular motor cranial neuropathies.

Methods.

Alternate prism and cover measurement of deviation in different positions of gaze, examination of ductions, field of binocular single vision, and complete ocular anterior and posterior segment evaluation were carried out. CT and MRI of the orbit were available.

Results.

We describe a case of traumatic VI, IV, and mainly superior III cranial nerve palsies, with left hypotropia of 35 prism diopters and esotropia of 45 prism diopters and incapacitating diplopia, due to fracture of the roof and lateral wall of the orbit, extending to the superior orbital fissure, as demonstrated by CT and MRI of the orbit. Severe limitation of abduction, elevation, and depression of the left eye was found. A single botulinum toxin injection in the medial rectus with diffusion to the inferior rectus was effective as a temporary measure for the treatment of diplopia and attainment of a small field of binocular single vision. The patient remained symptom-free for 5 months after injection.

Conclusions.

Botulinum toxin injection may be useful for the temporary management of diplopia in multiple ocular motor cranial neuropathies.
DVCCCTA-Based Implementation of Mutually Coupled Circuit
Authors: Pandey Neeta , Arora Sakshi , Takkar Rinku , Pandey Rajeshwari
Published: September 2012

This paper presents implementation of mutually coupled circuit using differential voltage current-controlled conveyor transconductance amplifier (DVCCCTA). It employs only two DVCCCTAs, one grounded resistor, and two grounded capacitors. The primary, secondary, and mutual inductances of the circuit can be independently controlled and tuned electronically. The effect of non-ideal behaviour of DVCCCTA on the proposed circuit is analyzed. The functionality of the proposed circuit is verified through SPICE simulation using 0.25 μm TSMC CMOS technology parameters.
Ecomoulding of Composite Wind Turbine Blades Using Green Manufacturing RTM Process
Authors: Attaf Brahim
Published: September 2012

According to ecodesign considerations and green manufacturing requirements, the choice of moulding process for the production of composite wind turbine blades must provide the existence of a common area of intersection engendered by a simultaneous interaction between quality, health, and environment aspects (i.e. Q, H, and E for abbreviations, resp.). This common area can be maximized via ecoalternatives in order to minimize negative adverse environmental and/or human health impacts. With this objective in mind, the closed-mould manufacturing RTM (resin transfer moulding) process will be the subject matter of this investigation. The reason for this choice is that RTM process participates in the reduction of VOC (volatile organic compound) emissions such as styrene vapours and presents an industrial solution to wind turbine blades production coupled with high quality finishing, good mechanical properties, lower cost, and a total absence of bonding operation of half shells. In addition to these advantages, sustainable development issues and ecodesign requirements are still, however, the main objectives to be fulfilled in this analysis with an acceptable degree of tolerance to the new regulations and ecostandards leading the way for green design of composite wind turbine blades.
Effect of Polyvinyl Alcohol on the Growth, Structure, Morphology, and Electrical Conductivity of Polypyrrole Nanoparticles Synthesized via Microemulsion Polymerization
Authors: Krishna Anurag , Kumar Amit , Singh Rajiv Kumar
Published: September 2012

Polypyrrole (PPy) nanoparticles were synthesized via microemulsion polymerization technique using sodium dodecyl sulfate as surfactant. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was added as soft template during polymerization to modify the structure and properties of PPy nanoparticles. The synthesized materials namely, PVA-free and PVA added were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and DC electrical conductivity measurements. The sample synthesized in the presence of PVA has longer conjugation length as estimated from FT-IR investigation. Temperature dependence (4.2–300 K) of DC electrical conductivity measurement reveals that the PVA has a strong effect on the polymerization mechanism of PPy giving evidence of H-bonded assistance during polymerization leading to the synthesis of better ordered polymer. A growth mechanism has been proposed which explains the H-bonded assistance of PPy polymerization leading to enhanced structural ordering.
Long-Lived Positronium and AGN Jets
Authors: Giblin John T. , Shertzer Janine
Published: September 2012

We suggest that stable states of positronium might exist in the jets of active galactic nuclei (AGN). Electrons and positrons are created near the accretion
disks of supermassive black holes at the centers of AGN and are accelerated along magnetic field lines while within the Alfvèn radius. The conditions in this region are ideal for the creation of bound states of positronium which are stable against annihilation. Traveling at relativistic speeds along the jet, the helical magnetic field enables the atoms to survive for great distances.
Looking in the Mouth for Noninvasive Gene Expression-Based Methods to Detect Oral, Oropharyngeal, and Systemic Cancer
Authors: Adami Guy R. , Adami Alexander J.
Published: September 2012

Noninvasive diagnosis, whether by sampling body fluids, body scans, or other technique, has the potential to simplify early cancer detection. A classic example is Pap smear screening, which has helped to reduce cervical cancer 75% over the last 50 years. No test is error-free; the real concern is sufficient accuracy combined with ease of use. This paper will discuss methods that measure gene expression or epigenetic markers in oral cells or saliva to diagnose oral and pharyngeal cancers, without requiring surgical biopsy. Evidence for lung and other distal cancer detection is also reviewed.
Vertical Transmission of HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa: Applying Theoretical Frameworks to Understand Social Barriers to PMTCT
Authors: Hampanda Karen
Published: September 2012

In sub-Saharan Africa, over 1,000 newborns are infected with HIV every day, despite available medical interventions. Pediatric HIV is a large contributor to the high rates, the largest in the world, of infant and child mortality in this region. Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) can dramatically reduce the risk of infection for the infant during pregnancy, childbirth, and breastfeeding. Throughout most urban areas of Africa, free medications are readily available. However, approximately 50% of HIV-positive pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa are not accessing or adhering to the necessary medications to prevent mother-to-child transmission. In order for this region to eliminate the vertical transmission of HIV and meet the Millennium Development Goals, interventions need to move beyond the individual-level and address the structural and social barriers preventing women from utilizing PMTCT services. This paper reviews current literature on PMTCT interventions in sub-Saharan Africa from 2006–2012, specifically examining theoretical underpinnings. Overwhelmingly, the approach has been education and counseling. This paper calls to action a paradigm shift to a social ecological approach that addresses barriers at all societal levels, especially gender inequality, enabling a much greater impact on mother-to-child transmission of HIV.
Sick Hands and Sweet Moves: Aesthetic Dimensions of a Vernacular Martial Art
Authors: Green Thomas A.
Published: September 2012

The 52s is a contemporary African American vernacular martial art that developed, according to oral tradition, as an effective means of defense in prison settings. Yet, in 52s, effectiveness is not good enough. Comments by resource persons assert that sick (destructive) hands must harmonize with sweet (artistic) moves. The competent fighter must maintain composure and control while destroying an opponent. Drawing techniques from literally any source available, including boxing, Asian martial arts, folk styles of combat, and dance, this "martial bricolage" is characterized by strategies, rhythms, and attitudes based in the interplay of the sick and the sweet. Comparable tensions are evident in urban folk games (slap "boxing"), dance (uprocking, break dancing), and verbal arts (freestyle rap). This article examines the aesthetic principles shared by these martial, ludic, and performance genres.
"Talking Shit" in Rayne: How Aesthetic Features Reveal Ethical Structures
Authors: Laudun John
Published: September 2012

"Talking shit" is a well-established social activity in many African American speech communities. This study of such talk by one speaker in a small south Louisiana town describes the dynamics of such talk as a negotiation, within a flexible set of forms, of the nature of the relationship between the speaker and the researcher in order to place the latter within a traditional framework of relationships between individuals. The study focuses on how the interactional order is embedded in the very structure of talk itself, revealing the potential logic behind what seems at first glance to be "verbal filler" but, I argue, actually is an extension of the larger worldview at work in speaking.
El lugar de lo cómico: algunos desplazamientos en el humor gráfico
Authors: Reggiani Federico
Published: September 2012

O humor gráfico contemporâneo apresenta formas e temas que colocam em crise sua localização genérica. Este artigo examina as características da história em quadrinhos, a relação entre a tira e o gênero "brincadeira" e os deslocamentos que ocorrem no campo da "história em quadrinhos", do corpo da história em quadrinhos à instância da enunciação. A produção dos humoristas argentinos Liniers, Gustavo Sala e Max Aguirre é analisada em particular.
La historieta y la representación de la masacre. Algunas hipótesis a partir del uso de la metáfora del dolor animal
Authors: Burucúa José Emilio , Kwiatkowski Nicolás
Published: September 2012

Este artigo estuda oito quadrinhos produzidos em diferentes circunstâncias, alguns deles, obras de ficção, outros se referindo a fatos reais. Ele tenta descobrir as relações entre a representação do massacre e genocídio e o uso de metáforas de animais e o sofrimento humano.
As andanças de Zé: representações do povo nas revistas curitibanas de humor do início do século XX
Authors: Queluz Marilda Lopes Pinheiro
Published: September 2012

O objetivo deste texto é refletir sobre as representações do povo no humor gráfico curitibano do início do século XX, a partir da imagem do Zé Povo. O personagem Zé Povinho, criado pelo caricaturista português Rafael Bordalo Pinheiro, no final do século XIX, inspirou vários desenhistas brasileiros e ganhou inúmeras versões em todo país. Embora a figura de Zé Povo fosse uma tentativa de síntese do povo brasileiro, ele desfilou pelas revistas O Olho da Rua (1907-1911), A Carga! (1907), A Rolha (1908) e A Bomba (1913) apresentando múltiplas faces, evidenciando a pluralidade de olhares e a diversidade cultural da experiência urbana.
Dos presidentes bajo la mirada del dibujante satírico: el caso de la caricatura política y sus recursos en dos producciones de Francia y Argentina
Authors: Pedrazzini Ana
Published: September 2012

A partir de uma metodologia que articula análises qualitativas e quantitativas, realizamos um estudo bicultural sobre os recursos linguísticos e iconográficos que intervêm no processo de produção de sentido na imprensa satírica. Para isso, analisamos 248 charges políticas de uma e várias vinhetas que remetem à figura presidencial de Jacques Chirac (1995-2007) e Carlos Menem (1989-1999) no semanário satírico francês Le Canard enchaîné e no suplemento argentino Sátira/122 respectivamente. , durante dois períodos de grande importância política: início do primeiro mandato e reeleição de cada presidente. A análise da representação visual das personagens e das figuras retóricas verbais e visuais utilizadas indica uma tendência semelhante em ambos os jornais, o que dá indícios a favor da existência de um sistema de procedimentos satírico-humorísticos em comum, transculturais, operando em caricatura política.
O uso interessado do humor político nas charges da imprensa de Fortaleza
Authors: Brilhante Matilde de Lima
Published: September 2012

É objetivo deste texto desvelar os interesses no uso do humor gráfico (charge) para a construção dos fatos políticos divulgados na imprensa fortalezense. Percebendo que durante o mandato da prefeita Maria Luiza Fontenele (1986-1988) as charges dos dois principais jornais locais mantiveram, de forma sistemática, uma postura crítica a esta administração, buscamos analisar os interesses que motivaram essa produção. Nesse sentido a produção humorística não é neutra, nem tem como função apenas divertir o leitor, é, antes de tudo, uma linguagem produtora de sentidos que está interessada na defesa de uma dada visão de mundo e dos acontecimentos.
El humor después del humor: conceptos en torno a Edén de Pablo Holmberg
Authors: Turnes Pablo
Published: September 2012

No início do século XXI, a produção caricata argentina viu surgir novos métodos de publicação, promoção e circulação constituídos por uma série de dispositivos cuja complexa relação redefiniu a figura autoral e também a de um novo público. A passagem da internet e do formato digital para o livro se consolida como estratégia pós-industrial em um contexto de reconstituição de um campo diverso das histórias em quadrinhos, onde o humor gráfico como tradição nacional é um exemplo das mudanças produzidas.
Sobre a definição impossível do humor ou a fluidez da palavra
Authors: Vazquez Laura
Published: September 2012

Apresentação
Da literatura gauchesca para as histórias em quadrinhos: uma leitura do poema telúrico Inodoro Pereyra, el renegau
Authors: Pereira Priscila
Published: September 2012

Neste artigo pretende-se discutir a relação entre história em quadrinhos (HQ) e literatura a partir da análise da historieta argentina Inodoro Pereyra, el renegau. O quadrinho foi criado pelo humorista gráfico rosarino Roberto Fontanarrosa para a revista Hortensia como uma paródia da literatura gauchesca, do radioteatro e do folclore argentinos. Além disso, a aparição de Inodoro Pereyra na imprensa cordobesa em 1972 coincide com a comemoração do centenário do poema Martín Fierro, de José Hernández. Não é por acaso, portanto, que Fontanarrosa tenha se inspirado neste clássico da literatura argentina para compor seu personagem. Contudo, Inodoro surge para ser muito mais que um espelho do Martín Fierro, ainda que para isso seu criador recorra a uma linguagem já conhecida e bastante difundida na Argentina. O presente trabalho apresenta uma leitura de alguns episódios publicados nos primeiros anos de existência da série, a partir dos diálogos entre teoria literária e nova história política.
El desierto como representación del territorio septentrional de México
Authors: Rajchenberg S. Enrique , Héau-Lambert Catherine
Published: September 2012

Desde os tempos coloniais, o norte do México tem sido um espaço de difícil colonização, tanto por suas características físicas quanto por seus habitantes originais. Por isso, as representações territoriais produzidas no centro do país em relação ao norte eram construções que o referiam como um deserto perigoso e amedrontador. Para os americanos que cobiçavam aquele mesmo espaço desde o início do século XIX, seus habitantes eram a personificação da degeneração racial. Este artigo analisa essa dupla arquitetura de representações territoriais com a qual o norte mexicano foi simbolizado durante o século passado e que continua sendo reproduzido hoje.
NUCCI, Priscila. Os intelectuais diante do racismo antinipônico no Brasil: textos e silêncios. São Paulo: Annablume, 2010
Authors: Ramos Alexandre Pinheiro
Published: September 2012

Resenha do livro:NUCCI, Priscila. Os intelectuais diante do racismo antinipônico no Brasil: textos e silêncios. São Paulo: Annablume, 2010.
Entre a comicidade, o senso comum e a disidência. A revista Humor como espaço controversial (1978-1980)
Authors: Raices Eduardo
Published: September 2012

O artículo aborda a etapa inicial da revista Humor, entre 1978 y 1980, durante a última ditadura militar na Argentina (1976-1983). Neste sentido, procuramos estudar a intervenção do seu público através da seção de cartas dos leitores. Nosso objectivo foi o análise das polémicas dadas na seção; afirmamos que ela foi un espaço de restabelecimento de vínculos sociais interrumpidos pela repressão estatal. Assim mesmo, foram una instancia para que Humor pudesse evaluar os efeitos dos contéudos fornecidos ao leitor. O análise teve como resultado a deteção de duas polémicas sobre questões públicas na seccão. A primeira supõe a representaçao do horror desde o humor gráfico, no caso do genocidio judeu (Shoah); a segunda refere-se a cómo os quadrinhos humorísticos abordam ao outro, entendido pelas classes populares. As duas polémicas forçam a Humor a explicitar os valores do seu projeto editorial e põem em evidéncia os disensos do seu público participante como sinal da heterogeneidade de sus opinhoes. Nosso aporte busca, então, restituir complexidade a visão consolidada com respeito aos actores participantes em Humor como expressão opositora a ditadura.
humor e guerra Histórias em quadrinhos e charges no jornal Clarín durante o conflito das Malvinas
Authors: Levín Florencia Paula
Published: September 2012

O ano de 1982 começa na Argentina em meio a uma grande crise do regime militar que levou os militares a usar o antigo conflito com a Grã-Bretanha pelas Ilhas Malvinas como veículo para mobilizar o consenso da sociedade, silenciando o crescente descontentamento que já era estava começando a se expressar mesmo em manifestações públicas massivas. Este artigo abordará o comportamento do humor gráfico do jornal Clarín (então jornal matutino de maior circulação em nível nacional e expressão do senso comum das classes médias) no contexto do conflito com a Grã-Bretanha com o objetivo de demonstrar que se tratava de um veículo que serviu tanto para expressar, desde a perspectiva e regras particulares do gênero, os principais tópicos do discurso oficial e participar da euforia nacionalista desencadeada pela "recuperação" das ilhas, quanto para possibilitar, nas margens desse espaço, a emergência de outras perspectivas, minoritárias e relativamente marginais, que abriram espaço para um distanciamento crítico do governo militar.
The formation of new media preferences among pre-school children in the context of peer culture and home interaction: A pedagogical perspective
Authors: Vinter Kristi
Published: September 2012

This study examines connections between two main growth environments – home and pre-school – in the formation of young children’s new media preferences in the context of the ecological techno-microsystem and peer culture. The study assembles the results of three focus group based sub-studies with pre-school teachers (N=24), parents (N=20) and children between the ages of 5 and 7 (N=61). Samples were formed in pre-school childcare institutions, which in Estonia is for children aged 1,5 to 7. Research shows that other members of the pre-school group influence children’s preferences in their use of new media. Parents consider the shaping of their children’s preferences to be less connected to the children’s relations with their peers. Teachers, on the other hand, ascribe the children’s preferences to different aspects of the influence that their peers, siblings and parents can have on them.
From "silent generation" to cyber-psy-site, story and history: The 14th Tank Brigade battles on public collective memory and official recognition
Authors: Gal-Ezer Miri
Published: September 2012

This audience research case study focuses on the Israeli 14th Tank Brigade veterans, who were involved in the 1973 Yom Kippur War horrific battles against the Egyptians in the Sinai Desert. In 2007, this offline traumatised remembrance community constructed an online commemorative and historical website to advance their unrelenting struggle on public recognition in the Israeli national collective memory and military history. The theoretical framework combines diverse perspectives: the Yom Kippur War and its consequences on Israeli society; theories of generations and media generations, war and trauma, war and remembrance; and Israel's collective memory and culture of remembrance. An integrated methodology offline and online was conducted: multi-sited and multimodal "Thick Description" ethnography and netnography; critical discourse analysis and semiotics of texts and artifacts; and in-depth interviews with veterans and historians. Findings are constructed on three levels: first - analysis of veterans’ interrelations with common Israeli culture of memory, and their active participation as a "remembrance community" in creating cultural artifacts offline and online; second – interpretation of Israeli cultural codes in battlefield "actuality", even under the most traumatic conditions; and third - the universal state level, analysis of the deep conflict impelling the remembrance community to write the Yom Kippur War battles also as history in their cybersite, thus attaining public recognition. This case study demonstrates the war veterans’ ability of "Breaking the Silence", empowering their traumatised community by bridging the "generation gap" of their "actual" "media generation", by merging their comradeship and high cultural capital, towards official affirmation within Israeli military history.
Combining in vivo reflectance with fluorescence confocal microscopy provides additive information on skin morphology
Authors: Skvara Hans , Plut Ulrike , Schmid Johannes A. , Jonak Constanze
Published: September 2012

Background: Within the last decade, confocal microscopy has become a valuable non-invasive diagnostic tool in imaging human skin in vivo. Of the two different methods that exist, reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) displays the backscattering signal of naturally occurring skin components, whereas fluorescence confocal microscopy (FCM) provides contrast by using an exogenously applied fluorescent dye.

Methodology: A newly developed multilaser device, in which both techniques are implemented, has been used to combine both methods and allows to highlight different information in one image. In our study, we applied the fluorophore sodium fluorescein (SFL) intradermally on forearm skin of 10 healthy volunteers followed by fluorescence and reflectance imaging.

Results: In fluorescence mode the intercellular distribution of SFL clearly outlines every single cell in the epidermis, whereas in reflectance mode keratin and melanin-rich cells and structures provide additional information. The combination of both methods enables a clear delineation between the cell border, the cytoplasm and the nucleus. Imaging immediately, 20, 40 and 60 minutes after SFL injection, represents the dynamic distribution pattern of the dye.

Conclusion: The synergism of RCM and FCM in one device delivering accurate information on skin architecture and pigmentation will have a great impact on in vivo diagnosis of human skin in the future.
Prmary adenomyoepithelioma of the skin-a variant of apocrine mixed tumor?
Authors: Reidl Elisabeth , Gottlieb Geoffrey J.
Published: September 2012

Analogous to adenomyoepitheliomas of the breast, cutaneous adenomyoepithelioma is composed of two components, one being myoepithelial, the other ductal epithelial, and it lies in the spectrum of neoplasms having a “pure” myoepithelioma at one end and a mixed apocrine tumor at the other. We present the case of a 53-year-old woman with a 3 cm nodular lesion on her left forearm that had been present for many years. Histopathologic examination revealed a large lobulated neoplasm surrounded by a compressed fibrous pseudocapsule. Most of the cells that constituted the lesion displayed myoepithelial differentiation arranged in solid sheets, cords, and solitary units. Glandular and ductal structures with features of apocrine differentiation composed the second part of the neoplasm. The myoepithelial cellular component of the neoplasm stained for S100 protein and was negative for cytokeratin and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Based on findings by conventional microscopy and immunohistochemistry, the neoplasm was classified as primary adenomyoepithelioma of the skin.
Glomangiosarcoma in the shoulder of a 51-year-old man
Authors: Rishi Arvind , Dulanto Felix , Cheng Shen
Published: September 2012

Glomangiosarcoma is a very rare type of soft tissue neoplasm. Here we report such a case in the shoulder of a 51-year-old man.
Association between melanocytic neoplasms and seborrheic keratosis: more than a coincidental collision?
Authors: DeFazio Jennifer , Zalaudek Iris , Busam Klaus J. , Cota Carlo , Marghoob Ashfaq
Published: September 2012

Clinical observations and an expanding knowledge of cell-to-cell communication have led us to speculate that the finding of a melanocytic nevus in conjunction with a seborrheic keratosis is more than a coincidental collision of two lesions. Here we present five cases demonstrating dermoscopic features of both melanocytic lesions and seborrheic keratoses with corresponding histology. Four cases demonstrate dermoscopic features of a melanocytic nevus and seborrheic keratosis, and the final case a melanoma arising in association with a seborrheic keratosis.
BLINCK—A diagnostic algorithm for skin cancer diagnosis combining clinical features with dermatoscopy findings
Authors: Bourne Peter , Rosendahl Cliff , Keir Jeff , Cameron Alan
Published: September 2012

Background: Deciding whether a skin lesion requires biopsy to exclude skin cancer is often challenging for primary care clinicians in Australia. There are several published algorithms designed to assist with the diagnosis of skin cancer but apart from the clinical ABCD rule, these algorithms only evaluate the dermatoscopic features of a lesion.

Objectives: The BLINCK algorithm explores the effect of combining clinical history and examination with fundamental dermatoscopic assessment in primary care skin cancer practice.

Patients/Methods: Clinical and dermatoscopic images of 50 skin lesions were collected and shown to four primary care practitioners. The cases were assessed by each participant and lesions requiring biopsy were determined on separate occasions using the 3-Point Checklist, the Menzies method, clinical assessment alone and the BLINCK algorithm.

Results: The BLINCK algorithm had the highest sensitivity and found more melanomas than any of the other methods. However, BLINCK required more biopsies than the other methods. When comparing diagnostic accuracy, there was no difference between BLINCK, Menzies method and clinical assessment but all were better than the 3-Point checklist.

Conclusions: These results suggest that the BLINK algorithm may be a useful skin cancer screening tool for Australian primary care practice.