bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Managing Perceived Loneliness and Social-Isolation Levels for Older Adults: A Survey with Focus on Wearables-Based Solutions
Authors: Site Aditi , Lohan Elena Simona , Jolanki Outi , Valkama Outi , Hernandez Rosana Rubio , Latikka Rita , Alekseeva Daria , Vasudevan Saigopal , Afolaranmi Samuel , Ometov Aleksandr , Oksanen Atte , Martinez Lastra Jose , Nurmi Jari , Fernandez Fernando Nieto
Published: February 2022

As an inevitable process, the number of older adults is increasing in many countries worldwide. Two of the main problems that society is being confronted with more and more, in this respect, are the inter-related aspects of feelings of loneliness and social isolation among older adults. In particular, the ongoing COVID-19 crisis and its associated restrictions have exacerbated the loneliness and social-isolation problems. This paper is first and foremost a comprehensive survey of loneliness monitoring and management solutions, from the multidisciplinary perspective of technology, gerontology, socio-psychology, and urban built environment. In addition, our paper also investigates machine learning-based technological solutions with wearable-sensor data, suitable to measure, monitor, manage, and/or diminish the levels of loneliness and social isolation, when one also considers the constraints and characteristics coming from social science, gerontology, and architecture/urban built environments points of view. Compared to the existing state of the art, our work is unique from the cross-disciplinary point of view, because our authors’ team combines the expertise from four distinct domains, i.e., gerontology, social psychology, architecture, and wireless technology in addressing the two inter-related problems of loneliness and social isolation in older adults. This work combines a cross-disciplinary survey of the literature in the four aforementioned domains with a proposed wearable-based technological solution, introduced first as a generic framework and, then, exemplified through a simple proof of concept with dummy data. As the main findings, we provide a comprehensive view on challenges and solutions in utilizing various technologies, particularly those carried by users, also known as wearables, to measure, manage, and/or diminish the social isolation and the perceived loneliness among older adults. In addition, we also summarize the identified solutions which can be used for measuring and monitoring various loneliness- and social isolation-related metrics, and we present and validate, through a simple proof-of-concept mechanism, an approach based on machine learning for predicting and estimating loneliness levels. Open research issues in this field are also discussed.
High Spatial Resolution Ion Imaging by Focused Electron-Beam Excitation with Nanometric Thin Sensor Substrate
Authors: Nii Kiyohisa , Inami Wataru , Kawata Yoshimasa
Published: February 2022

We developed a high spatially-resolved ion-imaging system using focused electron beam excitation. In this system, we designed a nanometric thin sensor substrate to improve spatial resolution. The principle of pH measurement is similar to that of a light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS), however, here the focused electron beam is used as an excitation carrier instead of light. A Nernstian-like pH response with a pH sensitivity of 53.83 mV/pH and linearity of 96.15% was obtained. The spatial resolution of the imaging system was evaluated by applying a photoresist to the sensing surface of the ion-sensor substrate. A spatial resolution of 216 nm was obtained. We achieved a substantially higher spatial resolution than that reported in the LAPS systems.
A Multi-Layer Semantic Approach for Digital Forensics Automation for Online Social Networks
Authors: Arshad Humaira , Abdullah Saima , Alawida Moatsum , Alabdulatif Abdulatif , Abiodun Oludare Isaac , Riaz Omer
Published: February 2022

Currently, law enforcement and legal consultants are heavily utilizing social media platforms to easily access data associated with the preparators of illegitimate events. However, accessing this publicly available information for legal use is technically challenging and legally intricate due to heterogeneous and unstructured data and privacy laws, thus generating massive workloads of cognitively demanding cases for investigators. Therefore, it is critical to develop solutions and tools that can assist investigators in their work and decision making. Automating digital forensics is not exclusively a technical problem; the technical issues are always coupled with privacy and legal matters. Here, we introduce a multi-layer automation approach that addresses the automation issues from collection to evidence analysis in online social network forensics. Finally, we propose a set of analysis operators based on domain correlations. These operators can be embedded in software tools to help the investigators draw realistic conclusions. These operators are implemented using Twitter ontology and tested through a case study. This study describes a proof-of-concept approach for forensic automation on online social networks.
Beam Damage Assessment Using Natural Frequency Shift and Machine Learning
Authors: Gillich Nicoleta , Tufisi Cristian , Sacarea Christian , Rusu Catalin V. , Gillich Gilbert-Rainer , Praisach Zeno-Iosif , Ardeljan Mario
Published: February 2022

Damage detection based on modal parameter changes has become popular in the last few decades. Nowadays, there are robust and reliable mathematical relations available to predict natural frequency changes if damage parameters are known. Using these relations, it is possible to create databases containing a large variety of damage scenarios. Damage can be thus assessed by applying an inverse method. The problem is the complexity of the database, especially for structures with more cracks. In this paper, we propose two machine learning methods, namely the random forest (RF), and the artificial neural network (ANN), as search tools. The databases we developed contain damage scenarios for a prismatic cantilever beam with one crack and ideal and non-ideal boundary conditions. The crack assessment was made in two steps. First, a coarse damage location was found from the networks trained for scenarios comprising the whole beam. Afterwards, the assessment was made involving a particular network trained for the segment of the beam on which the crack was previously found. Using the two machine learning methods, we succeeded in estimating the crack location and severity with high accuracy for both simulation and laboratory experiments. Regarding the location of the crack, which was the main goal of the practitioners, the errors were less than 0.6%. Based on these achievements, we concluded that the damage assessment we propose, in conjunction with the machine learning methods, is robust and reliable.
Classification of Two Volatiles Using an eNose Composed by an Array of 16 Single-Type Miniature Micro-Machined Metal-Oxide Gas Sensors
Authors: Palacín Jordi , Rubies Elena , Clotet Eduard , Martínez David
Published: February 2022

The artificial replication of an olfactory system is currently an open problem. The development of a portable and low-cost artificial olfactory system, also called electronic nose or eNose, is usually based on the use of an array of different gas sensors types, sensitive to different target gases. Low-cost Metal-Oxide semiconductor (MOX) gas sensors are widely used in such arrays. MOX sensors are based on a thin layer of silicon oxide with embedded heaters that can operate at different temperature set points, which usually have the disadvantages of different volatile sensitivity in each individual sensor unit and also different crossed sensitivity to different volatiles (unspecificity). This paper presents and eNose composed by an array of 16 low-cost BME680 digital miniature sensors embedding a miniature MOX gas sensor proposed to unspecifically evaluate air quality. In this paper, the inherent variability and unspecificity that must be expected from the 16 embedded MOX gas sensors, combined with signal processing, are exploited to classify two target volatiles: ethanol and acetone. The proposed eNose reads the resistance of the sensing layer of the 16 embedded MOX gas sensors, applies PCA for dimensional reduction and k-NN for classification. The validation results have shown an instantaneous classification success higher than 94% two days after the calibration and higher than 70% two weeks after, so the majority classification of a sequence of measures has been always successful in laboratory conditions. These first validation results and the low-power consumption of the eNose (0.9 W) enables its future improvement and its use in portable and battery-operated applications.
Slice-Guided Components Detection and Spatial Semantics Acquisition of Indoor Point Clouds
Authors: Wang Lijuan , Wang Yinghui
Published: February 2022

Extracting indoor scene components (i.e., the meaningful parts of indoor objects) and obtaining their spatial relationships (e.g., adjacent, in the left of, etc.) is crucial for scene reconstruction and understanding. At present, the detection of indoor scene components with complex shapes is still challenging. To fix the problem, a simple yet powerful slice-guided algorithm is proposed. The key insight is that slices of indoor scene components always have similar profiles no matter if the components are simple-shaped or complex-shaped. Specifically, we sliced the indoor scene model into many layers and transformed each slice into a set of two-dimensional (2D) profiles by resampling. After that, we clustered 2D profiles from neighbor slices into different components on the base of spatial proximity and similarity. To acquire the spatial relationships between indoor scene components, an ontology was constructed to model the commonsense knowledge about the semantics of indoor scene components and their spatial relationships. Then the spatial semantics of the relationships between indoor scene components were inferred and a semantic graph of spatial relationship (SGSR) was yielded to represent them. The experimental results demonstrate that our method can effectively detect complex-shaped indoor scene components. The spatial relationships between indoor components can be exactly acquired as well.
Development and Characterization of a Self-Tightening Tourniquet System
Authors: Vega Saul J. , Hernandez-Torres Sofia I. , Berard David , Boice Emily N. , Snider Eric J.
Published: February 2022

Uncontrolled hemorrhage remains a leading cause of death in both emergency and military medicine. Tourniquets are essential to stopping hemorrhage in these scenarios, but they suffer from subjective, inconsistent application. Here, we demonstrate how tourniquet application can be automated using sensors and computer algorithms. The auto-tourniquet self-tightens until blood pressure oscillations are no longer registered by the pressure sensor connected to the pneumatic pressure cuff. The auto-tourniquet’s performance in stopping the bleed was comparable to manual tourniquet application, but the time required to fully occlude the bleed was longer. Application of the tourniquet was significantly smoother, and less variable, for the automatic tourniquet compared to manual tourniquet application. This proof-of-concept study highlights how automated tourniquets can be integrated with sensors to provide a much more consistent application and use compared to manual application, even in controlled, low stress testing conditions. Future work will investigate different sensors and tourniquets to improve the application time and repeatability.
End-User Skin Analysis (Moles) through Image Acquisition and Processing System
Authors: Szolga Lorant Andras , Bozga Denisa Alice , Florea Camelia
Published: February 2022

Skin moles and lesions can be the first signs of severe skin diseases such as cancer. This paper presents the development of an end-user device capable of capturing images, segmentation and diagnosis of moles by using the ABCD rule, which stands for analyzing moles’ parameters as: asymmetry, border, color, and diameter. These are the main mole characteristics that doctors look at, each of them having a different factor of importance, and depending on these an accurate diagnosis can be given. For the hardware, we developed a small and compact device that can be manipulated easily by anyone without knowledge of medicine, in which we considered a custom-designed 3D enclosure with two white LEDs to control the light. The device has the role of facilitating analysis of the suspicious moles regularly at home, even if only from an indicative and not from a medical point of view. The developed PC software permits the storage of the images in a local database for easy tracking and analysis in time. The image processing developed for the ABCD rule is incorporated into the PC software and tested extensively on the international PH2 database with skin melanoma images to validate our segmentation and criteria evaluation. Using the developed device, we captured mole images for patients, who also took a medical examination by a specialist using the standard dermatoscope. Therefore, we obtained our own database containing 26 images for which we have also the specialists’ diagnosis. The performance evaluation measures obtained using our device are—Accuracy: 0.92, Precision: 1.0, Recall: 0.92, F1-score: 0.96.
Recent Advances in Optical Fiber Enabled Radiation Sensors
Authors: Zhang Jing , Xiang Yudiao , Wang Chen , Chen Yunkang , Tjin Swee Chuan , Wei Lei
Published: February 2022

Optical fibers are being widely utilized as radiation sensors and dosimeters. Benefiting from the rapidly growing optical fiber manufacturing and material engineering, advanced optical fibers have evolved significantly by using functional structures and materials, promoting their detection accuracy and usage scenarios as radiation sensors. This paper summarizes the current development of optical fiber-based radiation sensors. The sensing principles of both extrinsic and intrinsic optical fiber radiation sensors, including radiation-induced attenuation (RIA), radiation-induced luminescence (RIL), and fiber grating wavelength shifting (RI-GWS), were analyzed. The relevant advanced fiber materials and structures, including silica glass, doped silica glasses, polymers, fluorescent and scintillator materials, were also categorized and summarized based on their characteristics. The fabrication methods of intrinsic all-fiber radiation sensors were introduced, as well. Moreover, the applicable scenarios from medical dosimetry to industrial environmental monitoring were discussed. In the end, both challenges and perspectives of fiber-based radiation sensors and fiber-shaped radiation dosimeters were presented.
Acknowledgment to Reviewers of Sports in 2021
Authors:   Sports Editorial Office
Published: February 2022

Rigorous peer-reviews are the basis of high-quality academic publishing [...]
Sec-G Class of Distributions: Properties and Applications
Authors: Souza Luciano , de Oliveira Wilson Rosa , de Brito Cícero Carlos Ramos , Chesneau Christophe , Fernandes Renan , Ferreira Tiago A. E.
Published: February 2022

Although there are many continuous distributions in the literature, only a handful take advantage of the modeling power provided by trigonometric functions. To our knowledge, none of them are based on the so-called secant function, defined as the reciprocal of the cosine function. The secant function can go to large values whenever the cosine function goes to small values. The idea is to profit from this trigonometric property to modify well-known distribution tails and overall skewness features. With this in mind, in this paper, a new class of trigonometric distributions based on the secant function is introduced. It is called the Sec-G class. We discuss the main mathematical characteristics of this class, including series expansions of the corresponding cumulative distribution and probability density functions, as well as several probabilistic measures and functions. In particular, we present the moments, skewness, kurtosis, Lorenz, and Bonferroni curves, reliability coefficient, entropy measure, and order statistics. Throughout the study, emphasis is placed on the unique four-parameter continuous distribution of this class, defined with the Kumaraswamy-Weibull distribution as the baseline. The estimation of the model parameters is performed using the maximum likelihood method. We also carried out a numerical simulation study and present the results in graphic form. Three referenced datasets were analyzed, and it is proved that the proposed secant Kumaraswamy-Weibull model outperforms important competitors, including the Kumaraswamy-Weibull, Kumaraswamy-Weibull geometric, Kumaraswamy-Weibull Poisson, Kumaraswamy Burr XII, and Weibull models.
The Cosmological Constant as Event Horizon
Authors: Gaztanaga Enrique
Published: February 2022

General Relativity allows for a cosmological constant (Λ) which has inspired models of cosmic Inflation and Dark Energy. We show instead that rΛ=3/Λ corresponds to an event horizon: a causal boundary term in the action. Our Universe is expanding inside its Schwarzschild radius rS=rΛ=2GM, which could have originated from a uniform free falling cloud of mass M that collapsed as a Black Hole (BH) 25 Gyrs ago. Such a BH Universe allows for large-scale structure formation without the need of Inflation or Dark Energy.
High-Resolution Vessel Wall MRI of Endovascularly Treated Intracranial Aneurysms
Authors: Zwarzany Łukasz , Owsiak Mateusz , Tyburski Ernest , Poncyljusz Wojciech
Published: February 2022

(1) Background: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and the pattern of post-procedural intracranial aneurysm contrast enhancement on high-resolution vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging (HR-VW MRI). We investigated the possible association between this imaging finding and factors such as time elapsed since embolization or aneurysm occlusion grade on baseline and follow-up imaging. (2) Methods: Consecutive patients presenting for follow-up after endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms were included. HR-VW MRI was acquired and interpreted independently by two radiologists. (3) Results: This study included 40 aneurysms in 39 patients. Contrast enhancement was detected in 30 (75%) aneurysms. It was peripheral in 12 (30.0%), central in 9 (22.5%), and both peripheral and central in 9 (22.5%) aneurysms. The statistical analysis did not reveal any relationship between follow-up period and the presence of contrast enhancement (p = 0.277). There were no statistically significant differences in the frequency of contrast enhancement between aneurysms with total occlusion and those with remnant flow on follow-up MR angiography (p = 0.850) nor between aneurysms with different interval changes in the aneurysm occlusion grade (p = 0.536). Multivariate analysis did not demonstrate aneurysm size, ruptured aneurysm status, nor initial complete aneurysm occlusion to be a predictor of contrast enhancement (p = 0.080). (4) Conclusions: Post-procedural aneurysm contrast enhancement is a common imaging finding on HR-VW MRI. The clinical utility of this imaging finding, especially in the prediction of aneurysm recurrence, seems limited. The results of our study do not support routine use of HR-VW MRI in the follow-up of patients after endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms.
Ankstyvoji modernizacija Užnemunėje: luominio mentaliteto erozija XIX amžiaus pradžioje
Authors: Viliūnas Dalius
Published: February 2022

EARLY MODERNISATION IN TRANS-NIEMEN LITHUANIA: THE EROSION OF THE ESTATE MENTALITY AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 19TH CENTURY The article identifies several sources hitherto unknown in Lithuanian historiography for the study of the history of Užnemunė (Suvalkija) in the first half of the 19th century. Texts from the ‘Peasants’ Questionnaire’, which are important for getting to know the mentality of the regional nobility, and the official letters of Marijampolė council and the sub-prefect of the area, drafted improve the situation of the peasants, have been investigated. The innovative rhetoric of Marijampolė council in 1814, and its approach to the issue of the peasants, allows us to treat it as a supporter of Duke Adam Jerzy Czartoryski, the initiator of reforms, and his group. The attitude of the Marijampolė experts towards farmers supports the assumption of the greater and earlier emancipation of the peasantry of Užnemunė (Trans-Niemen) which occurred in the second half of the 19th century. The ongoing liberation process was indirectly reflected in the writings of Marijampolė landowners in 1814. Novum is that this emancipation is even earlier. It is not even the beginning of the 19th century. We can distinguish clearly the period of the Prussian occupation at the turn of the 19th century, when the peasants were given the opportunity to participate in pre-capitalist trade, taking advantage of the circulation of cash stimulated by the prewar period. At the beginning of the second decade of the 19th century, the nobility saw the peasants in the Marijampolė area as a separate and respectable class of society (no longer the lower estate in an anthropological sense), worthy of government support, familiar with philanthropy and entrepreneurship, and the principle and autonomy of personal interest.
Association of SNP polymorphisms with productivity in cattle of Auliekol breed
Authors:   Belarusian State Pedagogical University named after Maxim Tank, Republic of Belarus, Minsk, E. V. Belaya E. V. Belaya
Published: February 2022

The relevance of the research of the possibilities of using complete-genome analysis of associations in breeding programs with cattle of Auliekol breed, which bred in the Republic of Kazakhstan is dictated by the increasing needs of breeding in fast methods of selecting highly productive animals, from the one hand, and the expediency of working with breeding material adapted to local climatic feed conditions, from the other. Auliekol breed being the result of crossbreeding three breeds of beef productivity such as Aberdeen Angus, Charollais and Kazakh White-headed is of considerable interest from the point of view of breeding possibilities. The purpose of the research was to study the association of SNP polymorphisms with beef productivity in cattle of Auliekol breed. The results of the search and selection of breed-specifi c single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) marking increased beef productivity based on DNA typing data of animals using the GGP Gene Search biochip of cattle 150K (Illumina Inc., USA) on the example of Auliekol breed have been presented in the article. As a result of the carried out research using the GeneSeek biochip beef 150K, unique SNP haplotypes corresponding to potential QTL in cattle of Auliekol breed on chromosomes: 1, 5 and 14 have been determined. Twelve breed–specific candidate genes have been identified, which belong to gene networks regulating cellular processes, biological regulation, metabolic processes, and growth and development processes. Five SNP markers of increased beef productivity in cattle of Auliekol breed have been identified such as allele C (rs108957811), allele T (rs134860368), allele C (rs135948785), allele T (rs435135552), allele A (rs720275361) in the myostatin gene (myostatin (MSTN).
Principles and effectiveness of operation of the robotic cows’ milking system
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Ural State Agrarian University”, Russia, Ekaterinburg, Gorelik O. V. , Kostomakhin N. M. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K. A. Timiryazev”, Russia, Moscow, Kharlap S. Yu. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Ural State Agrarian University”, Russia, Ekaterinburg, Gorelik A. S. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Ural State Agrarian University”, Russia, Ekaterinburg, Baykin Yu. L. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Ural State Agrarian University”, Russia, Ekaterinburg
Published: February 2022

At the present stage of development of dairy cattle breeding, the choice of machine milking technology is a priority task in the operation of any dairy complex, and the study of its impact on cows productivity when using modern milking equipment is timely and relevant. The purpose of the work was to study the technology of robotic milking of cows and evaluate the effectiveness of its application under the conditions of the dairy complex for industrial milk production. It has been found as a result of the carried out research that the use of a robotic milking machine is possible with the free stall housing of cows with their free access to the milking parlor with the installation of Lely Astronaut milking robots. The farm uses fl ow-sections technology: the first section is the milk production, the second section is for calving and the third section is for dry cows. The installation provides the individual approach to milking the animal when assessing the health of the udder, namely, separate milking of the udder quarters, which allows, when mastitis is detected, to dump milk from the diseased udder quarter into a separate container. Assessment of udder health is carried out by changing the physical properties of milk in case of disease, i.e. electrical conductivity. At the same time, the system evaluates the quality of milk and collects data on each animal individually and on the quarters of the udder. Each of the two robots installed on the farm is capable of milking 65 cows. 123 cows located in a room where the voluntary milking system is installed serve only 2 people per shift. Robots allow us to save on milking facilities, reduce staff maintenance costs and increase the salaries of service personnel. The payback of the equipment – a robotic installation for milking cows Lely Astronaut will be with the productivity of animals ranging from 6000 to 6500 kg on average per cow for about 3 years.
Prospects for the sale of products of quail breeding in the Kurgan region on the base of marketing researches
Authors:   Kurgan State Agricultural Academy named after T. S. Maltsev, Kerro L. , Ovchinnikova Yu. ,   Kurgan State Agricultural Academy named after T. S. Maltsev
Published: February 2022

Marketing researches of sales of quail-breeding production on the market in the Kurgan region have been carried out. The quantitative methods in marketing research to study consumer behavior, buying motivation, consumer preferences, the attractiveness and the quality of consumer goods, the ratio price/quality have been used. These methods allowed to obtain the characteristics of social-demographic, economic and psychological portrait of the target group. The promising directions of realization of production of quailbreeding on the market in the Kurgan region have been identified on the basis of these studies. It has been offered to consider as additional segments of the market (promising areas) for the sale of products of a chain of restaurants in Kurgan city.
Application of IAS 19 employee remuneration in domestic accounting practice
Authors:   Russian state agrarian University — Timiryazev, Livanova R. V. , Markina Yu. A. ,   Russian state agrarian University — Timiryazev,
Published: February 2022

The key definitions of IAS 19 “Employee Benefits” are given and the interpretation of the provisions of the standard in relation to domestic accounting practice is presented. Proposals have been put forward for reorganizing the wage system and introducing into the practice of domestic companies the principles of forming workers’ retirement benefits. Formation of a pension system that would provide social guarantees to employees at the onset of retirement age.
Factores relacionados al transporte y logística pre-sacrificio bovino que generan impacto sobre la calidad de la carne y pérdidas económicas
Authors: Zambrano Garay Wilmer Humberto , Martínez Cepeda Galo Ernesto , García Ávila George Alexander , Zambrano Villacís Juan José
Published: February 2022

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar algunos factores relacionados al transporte de bovinos previo al sacrificio, aportando datos relacionados al bienestar animal de los vacunos del Ecuador, y su impacto económico. Las variables dependientes fueron número de hematomas, decomiso de carne y pérdidas económicas; frente a variables independientes relacionadas a la mezcla de categorías, tipo de categoría, sexo, tipo de cama usada en el transporte y tiempo de viaje, al cual fueron sometidos los animales. Se evidenció que las hembras, específicamente las vacas y vaconas, fueron la categoría más afectada al ser sometidas a las variables de estudio; en contraposición, no se encontró evidencia de que los tiempos prolongados de viaje sean factores predisponentes de lesiones.
 
Palabras clave: bienestar animal; calidad de la carne; ganado bovino; transporte de animales.
POLÍTICA SOCIAL Y SALUD: DETERIORO DEL TRABAJO INFORMAL POR LA COVID-19, EL CASO DE TAXISTAS EN MÉXICO
Authors: Martínez-Mendoza Abigail , Martínez-Ortíz Giselle
Published: February 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo es describir las afectaciones que ha provocado la pandemia por la COVID-19 en los trabajadores informales, como los conductores de taxis, en la segunda entidad mexicana con más contagios; y señalar las políticas públicas dirigidas a este sector. Se trata de un trabajo con enfoque cualitativo, que emplea las técnicas de investigación documental, la entrevista semiestructurada y la observación en campo. Los resultados muestran una reducción de ingresos del 50%, afectaciones emocionales negativas, y la ausencia de políticas dirigidas a este sector durante esta crisis sanitaria. Se concluye la necesidad de redefinir las características del llamado trabajo informal, dado que no todos los trabajadores de este sector están plenamente fuera del marco legal.
Factores de riesgo y complicaciones cardiovasculares en pacientes por alteraciones de fosforo y calcio
Authors: Romero Merelo Carolina Carolay , Ríos Delgado Luis Aarón , Esteves Echanique David William , Reyes Bravo Karl Enrique
Published: February 2022

La enfermedad renal crónica es un problema de salud pública a nivel mundial y se define como una anormalidad patológica del riñón como hematuria o proteinuria, o una reducción de la tasa de filtrado glomerular menor a 60ml-min por más de tres meses. En todos los estudios la prevalencia a esta enfermedad va aumentando debido a que sus principales causas diabetes e hipertensión se han convertido en pandemias. Objetivo. Demostrar los factores de riesgo y complicaciones cardiovasculares en pacientes por alteraciones minerales y óseas. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en los pacientes del Instituto del riñón INRIDI San Martin de Enero a Nov del 2019, los métodos de investigación implementados fueron analítico y cualitativo- cuantitativo. El universo estuvo constituido por los 253 pacientes de la clínica de diálisis San Martin se obtuvo como muestra 70 pacientes basado en los criterios de exclusión. Resultados. Se halló que el 94.2 % de los pacientes estudiados estuvieron en el grupo de casos sin hipercalcemia, así mismo 58.55% sentaron en el grupo con hiperfosfatemia. Entre los factores de riesgo se demostró la prevalencia en el sexo masculino, la hipertensión, diabetes y la dislipidemia. Conclusiones. La frecuencia de cambios en el metabolismo mineral y óseo en pacientes con ERC es muy variable, y este estudio revela aspectos epidemiológicos que permiten reconocer los problemas actuales de la enfermedad que viabilizaran reducir el riesgo de eventos cardiovasculares y mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes.
Caída del paciente adulto mayor hospitalizado
Authors: Fuentes Méndez Alicia
Published: February 2022

Las caídas en pacientes adultos mayores durante su estadía hospitalaria, son un hecho real que constituye un problema de salud, por su repercusión tanto a nivel personal como en costos institucionales, siendo la convergencia de distintos factores que las favorecen. El reconocer una caída es fundamental para poder instaurar oportunamente medidas destinadas a prevenirlas, así como para disminuir el daño secundario que pudiera alterar la rehabilitación del paciente. Objetivo. Proponer un protocolo     de atención de enfermería para contribuir a prevenir la caída del adulto mayor durante su estadía hospitalaria. Materiales y Métodos: Se aplicaron las técnicas de la encuesta, entrevista y revisión de historiales clínicos, con la finalidad de conocer factores de riesgo que causan la caída y la percepsión sobre la atención resivida por el profesional al paciente durante su estadía hospitalaria. Resultados. La revisión de historiales clínicos evidenció el 10% de caídas, la encuesta aplicada reveló el 40% de factores extrínsecos, el 60% factores intrinsecos presentes y latentes en el hospital que ocacionan la caída, a la entrevista a pacientes adultos mayores manifiestan que por la sobrecarga de actividades y demanda de pacientes el profesional de enfermería no coadyuva con las necesidades de salud que ellos requieren, se sientes solos y abandonados. Conclusiones: Los resultados obtenidos de la investigación, fueron el camino para plantear una propuesta, sustentada en un modelo teórico que fundamenta e idealiza al proceso de atención de enfermería con sus componentes, para luego concretizar en un protocolo como documento normativo sustentado en la premisa del cuidado con calidad.
APPLICATION OF THE SEMI-MARKOV MODEL FOR INVESTIGATION THE PARAMETERS OF MECHANICAL ASSEMBLY PRODUCTION TAKING INTO ACCOUNT DIFFERENT TYPES OF FAILURES
Authors: Rapatskiy Yurii , Lipka Victoria
Published: February 2022

A technique is proposed for studying the productivity and reliability of technological processes of mechanical assembly production at the stages of the life cycle of mechanical engineering products. A semi-Markov mathematical model is proposed that makes it possible to analyze, for example, the technological processes of manufacturing threaded connections. In the proposed model, the distribution functions (DF) of the service time of a unit of production are determined, taking into account failures. FDs make it possible to ensure informational consistency of models of various hierarchical levels and to study the relationship between the stages of the life cycle of mechanical engineering products.
ASSESSMENT OF THE RELEVANCE OF USE IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF A FOREST TRACTOR WITH A SEMI-TRAILER OF A RECUPERATIVE PNEUMATIC HYDRAULIC SADDLE DEVICE
Authors: Posmetev Valeriy , Nikonov Vadim , Avdyuhin Aleksandr
Published: February 2022

The main advantages of using timber tractors with semitrailers in comparison with single timber trucks and timber trucks with trailers are listed. The analysis of the results of scientific works of foreign authors engaged in increasing the efficiency of timber haulers with semi-trailers in the process of hauling timber is carried out. The existing conditions for the transportation of timber in the Russian Federation by timber haulers with semitrailers are considered. Described are the negative consequences that are manifested in the process of movement on forest roads, limiting the efficiency of using timber tractors with semi-trailers. Among them, the most significant one is highlighted, which consists in the occurrence of significant efforts when braking a timber tractor with a semitrailer in a fifth wheel coupling, accompanied by the appearance of cracks in the elements of the supporting system, breakdowns in the coupling device, as well as folding of the timber road train. The schemes of forces acting on a timber tractor with a semitrailer during braking are presented. The dependences of the change in the braking forces of the axles of a timber tractor with a semitrailer are given, taking into account the non-simultaneous operation of their braking mechanisms, as well as the change in the force in the fifth wheel coupling of a timber tractor with a semitrailer during braking. In order to increase the efficiency of a logging tractor with a semitrailer, a promising design of a recuperative fifth wheel coupling has been proposed.
REGULARITIES OF THE INFLUENCE OF OPERATING PARAMETERS OF SLIDING BEARINGS OF AUTO-TRANSPORT MACHINES ON THE TEM-PERATURE IN THE FRICTION ZONE AS A RESOURCE FACTOR
Authors: Zhachkin Sergey , Penkov Nikita , Lazarev Sergey , Trifonov Grigory
Published: February 2022

The results of the study of the dependence of the temperature of the friction zone of two bodies (shaft and the inner sleeve) are presented from the operational parameters of the sliding bearing, such as pressure, slip speed and radial load in the resource aspect of the friction pair. On the basis of a multi-factor experiment, the regression of the friction process was obtained, which takes into account the influence of these parameters on the temperature in the contact zone, which makes it possible to determine the borders of the trouble-free operation of the friction of motor vehicles. Technological ways are proposed to solve the problematic performance of the friction pair on the temperature criterion without scoring.
The Marriage Culture in Isreale Society
Authors: D Edward
Published: February 2022

In ancient times man did not have the proper habits of hunting social status. Marriage patterns that regulate sexual relations have not even emerged. Inheritance-based marriage systems emerged only in an advanced Patriatic society from an ethnic social status. The people of Israel, the descendants of Abraham, settled in Palestine and began to live there. Marriage is seen as one of the primary biological functions of mothers. Like the Tamil marriage, the marriage is seen as one to one. The various stages of marriage are described in the Bible as female engagement, dress, grooming, informing relatives of the marriage, going to the wedding procession, and taking the bride home.
Family Confromation in Periyapuranam
Authors: T Chandra
Published: February 2022

Homelessness is the life of a husband and wife who stay in the eye of the house. The husband and wife should work together for homelessness. It is learnt that women were instrumental in the ups and downs of their husbands in the family structure shown by periyapuranam. It is seen that the husband himself respected the husband's word as a visible deity. He describes how he lived as a good family, husband, wife and children in a life of conception. It is clear from the lives of the Nayanmars that in family life, Shiva charity and hospitality have lived with two eyes.
La privación del derecho de sufragio pasivo. Caso: López Mendoza contra Venezuela. Comentario de jurisprudencia
Authors: Luis Guillermo Palacios Sanabria
Published: February 2022

En el presente comentario se exponen algunas consideraciones sobre la sentencia n.° 233 (serie c) de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, de fecha 01 de septiembre de 2011, la cual resuelve la petición del ciudadano venezolano Leopoldo López Mendoza, quien en 2008 fue inhabilitado para el ejercicio de la función pública por parte de la Contraloría General de la República, principal órgano del sistema nacional de control fiscal del Estado venezolano. En consecuencia, se analiza la procedencia de inhabilidades públicas impuestas en sede administrativa conforme a la Convención Americana sobre Derechos Humanos y los alcances y límites de los derechos políticos contemplados por el Sistema Interamericano de Derechos Humanos.
Estudio bibliométrico desde una perspectiva de género de la Revista de Derecho Electoral del Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones en el período 2012-2019
Authors: Carolina Coto Del Valle
Published: February 2022

A pesar de que en los últimos años se ha reportado un elevado porcentaje de mujeres a nivel poblacional y académico, los estudios indican que en el ámbito laboral y de producción científica existe inequidad de género en productividad y asignación de posiciones de poder dentro de los equipos de investigación. Esta situación despierta el interés en conocer el nivel de equidad de género entre los autores de la Revista de Derecho Electoral del Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones, por lo que se analizan, por medio de técnicas bibliométricas, las características de la publicación periódica para el lapso comprendido entre el 2012 y el 2019, con relación a la revista, los autores y las referencias bibliográficas.
Verdad, drama y filosofía en el Banquete de Platón
Authors: Camino Jeremías
Published: February 2022

En el siguiente artículo, nos proponemos indagar sobre la personalidad drámatica que Platón imprimió a alguno de sus personajes, a través del análisis de sus discursos. Junto a ello, se manifestará la aparición diferenciada del filósofo, y de cómo es que este elude los problemas dramáticos que envuelven a los no-filósofos, a partir del distinto interés, comportamiento y comprensión. Sostendremos nuesta interpretación sobre la base de que todos los discursos que conforman el Banquete son verdaderos, donde “verdad” será entendida tal como Heidegger la comprendió dentro de su interpretación de la filosofía de Platón y Aristóteles, esto es, en tanto desocultamiento.
¿Quién cuida a quienes cuidan?
Authors: Wagon María , Andrada-Zurita Carolina
Published: February 2022

El presente trabajo aborda la problemática que se gesta en torno a los cuidados y quienes se perfilan como responsables de llevarlos a cabo, es decir, las mujeres. Si bien, esta no es una problemática nueva, sí logró quedar patente, luego de que se decretara el confinamiento tras desencadenarse la pandemia del Covid-19. Una pregunta se hace evidente y refiere a por qué las mujeres deben ser quienes se encarguen de los cuidados y todo lo que ello implica, como si existiera una inclinación biológica y/o moral, que las condicionara a ejercer cierto rol social tanto en el ámbito público como privado. De esto se deriva que existen un sinnúmero de desigualdades que colocan a las mujeres respecto a los varones, en un lugar de gran vulnerabilidad, por lo cual se hace necesario incorporar en el análisis un enfoque de Derechos Humanos. Para una mayor comprensión de la mencionada problemática, realizamos un breve acercamiento a la teoría del cuidado de Carol Gilligan, la cual, asimismo, nos permite poner de relieve la lógica patriarcal que impera de fondo.
Pases sanitarios para COVID-19
Authors: Ortiz Millán Gustavo
Published: February 2022

Diversos países han implementado pases sanitarios o certificados de salud para COVID-19 para promover un regreso más seguro a actividades sociales presenciales. Estos certificados se han propuesto como un modo de que la gente pueda probar que ha sido vacunada, que se han recuperado de la enfermedad o que tienen resultados negativos en una prueba diagnóstica. Sin embargo, mucha gente ha cuestionado su justificación ética. En este artículo se presentan algunos problemas prácticos y éticos a tomar en cuenta si se quieren implementar estos pases. Entre los primeros, se discute qué tan precisas son las pruebas diagnósticas para garantizar que una persona no es contagiosa; si la vacunación garantiza inmunidad; cuáles son los niveles de inmunidad tras la infección, la vacunación y la protección ante las variantes; el hecho de que los pases se puedan falsificar; si estos incentivan la vacunación y el problema de que no haya un certificado universalmente reconocido. Entre los problemas éticos se discute si los pases sanitarios promueven la discriminación y la desigualdad, y si vulneran el derecho a la privacidad y a la libertad. Se concluye que los pases sanitarios pueden justificarse éticamente como para ser implementados.
Responsabilidad internacional y bienes públicos en pandemia
Authors: De Ortúzar Graciela
Published: February 2022

El objetivo del presente ensayo se centrará en el análisis ético del problema general de la responsabilidad internacional en la protección de bienes públicos en pandemia, tomando como caso paradigmático el acceso a la vacuna contra la COVID. Nuestra hipótesis gira en torno a mostrar la responsabilidad internacional por daño (de las potencias y de la industria hacia los países de bajos y medianos ingresos) en el acceso y distribución de la citada vacuna, evidenciando cómo esta “privatización encubierta de bienes públicos” descansa en un injustificado sistema de patentes que genera la continuidad de la pandemia y el comercio especulativo de precios. Este sistema se extiende al entramado de bienes públicos esenciales para la salud de nuestras poblaciones (agua, biodiversidad, tierra, clima, conocimiento). La metodología elegida consiste en el estudio crítico de la normativa sobre patentes (ADPIC, 1994) y el análisis ético-político de la responsabilidad internacional por daño aplicado a la situación de pandemia (Pogge, 2007, 2005). El trabajo se divide en cuatro secciones. En primer lugar (II) se analizará el origen de la vacuna contra la COVID, estableciendo su carácter de bien público. En segundo lugar (III), se investigará sobre el conflicto existente entre patentes (ADPIC) y el derecho humano a la salud desde el Acuerdo ADPIC, cuestionando el sistema de patentes. En tercer lugar (IV), se examinarán los argumentos filosóficos planteados por Pogge en contra del ADPIC, utilizando los mismos para el análisis del abuso de poder dominante de los países desarrollados en el nivel de distribución (COVAX). En cuarto lugar (V), a modo de propuesta alternativa, se esbozarán algunos lineamientos teóricos inspirados en un redefinido concepto de “conexión social” (Young, 2005), pero aplicado a grupos afectados y países con derechos vulnerados. Se propondrá fortalecer acciones colectivas y participativas para la protección de bienes públicos (medicamentos/test/vacunas, agua, tierra, biodiversidad, conocimiento) y el desarrollo de la ciencia abierta, la soberanía tecnológica y sanitaria, desde el cuidado integral de la salud y bajo un marco de derechos humanos con mirada de género. Este último tema será profundizado en investigaciones futuras.
Punto de vista lógico y no representacionista del razonamiento sustitutivo
Authors: Redmond Juan , Lopez-Orellana Rodrigo , Paniagua Loreto
Published: February 2022

En el presente artículo defendemos, desde un enfoque inferencialista, que la función inferencial que desempeña un modelo (FIM) durante la práctica de modelización es independiente de la noción de representación comprometida con el enfoque de modelización elegido. En efecto, creemos que la noción de razonamiento sustitutivo o subrogativo (surrogative reasoning) no es ni subsidiaria ni está fundada en la noción de representación y que solo encontrará sus fundamentos en la propia lógica. Ni la noción de representación es una noción inferencial ni la FIM es un tipo de pensamiento basado en la representación.