bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Hardiness dan Dukungan Sosial Terhadap Stres Akademik Mahasiswa
Authors: Kurnia Andyria , Ramadhani Ayunda
Published: December 2021

Mahasiswa dalam menjalani masa studinya cenderung rentan mengalami stress yang diakibatkan oleh tuntutan-tuntutan yang harus dipenuhi. Stres yang tidak ditangani dengan baik akan mempengaruhi kondisi psikis dan fisik mahasiswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh hardiness dan dukungan sosial terhadap stres akademik mahasiswa Diploma IV kebidanan di Poltekkes Kemenkes Kaltim. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Subjek penelitian ini yaitu 80 mahasiswa Diploma IV menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah skala hardiness, skala dukungan sosial dan skala stres akademik. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan uji analisis regresi berganda dengan program Stastistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) 25.0 for windows. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara hardiness dan dukungan sosial terhadap stres akademik mahasiswa Diploma IV kebidanan dengan nilai Kendalls Wa=0.717 dan Asymp.sig=0.000 (Asymp.sig<0,05). Kontribusi pengaruh hardiness dan dukungan sosial terhadap stres akademik sebesar 71.7%. Terdapat pengaruh negatif hardiness dan stres akademik dengan nilai koefisien korelasi sebesar -0.233 dan nilai sig 0.003 yang mana tingkat keeratannya sangat lemah. Kemudian tidak terdapat pengaruh dukungan sosial dan stres akademik dengan nilai koefisien korelasi -0.124 dan nilai sig 0.114.  During their study, students tend to experience stress caused by the demand that must have be reached. If stress was not handled properly, it will affect the psychological and physical state of the students. The aimed of this study was determine the effect of hardiness and social support to academic stress on Diploma IV Midwifery student in Poltekkes Kemenkes Kaltim Samarinda. This research used quantitative approach. The subject of this study was 80 students of Midwifery which selected by purposive sampling technique. The data was collected using hardiness scale, social support scale and academic stress scale. Data was examined by Kendall Tau b regression analysis with SPSS 25 program for windows. The result of this study were; 1) There was a significant influence between hardiness and social support to academic stress on Diploma IV Midwifery students with Kendalls Wa=0.717 and Asymp.sig=0.000 (Asymp.sig<0.05). The contribution of influence of hardiness and social support to academic stress was71.7%. 2) There was a negative influence between hardiness and academic stress with Kendall coefficient correlation= -0.233 and Sig=0.003 which means the correlation was very weak; 3) There is no influence between social support and academic stress with coefficient correlation= -0.124 and sig=0.114
Stabilitas Emosi Dengan Kesiapan Mengajar Pada Guru Full Day School
Authors: Ayu Fauziah Anjani
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi antara stabilitas emosi dengan kesiapan mengajar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 60 guru yang dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sample. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah skala kesiapan mengajar dan stabilitas emosi. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan uji analisis Pearson Product Moment dengan bantuan program Statistical Package Social Sciences (SPSS) 21.0 for windows. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: Ada hubungan yang positif dan sigifikan stabilitas emosi dengan kesiapan mengajar yang cukup kuat dengan nilai r hitung = 0.451 > nilai r tabel = 0.254 dan nilai p = 0.000 (p < 0.050). Artinya semakin tinggi stabilitas emosi maka semakin tinggi pula kesiapan mengajarnya, sebaliknya semakin rendah stabilitas emosi maka semakin rendah pula kesiapan mengajarnya.This study aimed to determine the correlation between emotional stability and teaching readiness. This study used quantitative approach. The subjects of this study were 60 teachers who were selected using a purposive sample technique. The research method used was the scale of teaching readiness and emotional distress. The collected data were analyzed using the Pearson Product Moment analysis test with the help of the Statistical Package Social Sciences (SPSS) 21.0 for windows program. The results showed that: There was a positive and significant correlation between emotionally unstable and teaching readiness with the value of r count = 0.451> the value of r table = 0.254 and the value of p = 0.000 (p <0.050). This means that the higher the emotional distress, the higher the teaching readiness, conversely the lower the emotional distress, the lower the teaching readiness.
Keseimbangan Kehidupan Kerja Ditinjau dari Beban Kerja dan Dukungan Sosial Pada Polisi
Authors: Nurhasanah Siti Lucyana
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh beban kerja dan dukungan sosial terhadap keseimbangan kehidupan kerja pada polisi di Samarinda. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 110 orang anggota polisi di Samarinda yang dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik accidental sampling. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah skala keseimbangan kehidupan kerja, beban kerja dan dukungan sosial. Data yang terkumpul di analisis dengan uji analisis regresi linear berganda dengan bantuan program Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 25.0 for windows. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) ada pengaruh beban kerja dan dukungan sosial terhadap keseimbangan kehidupan kerja yaitu dengan nilai F = 44.990, R2 = 0.457, p = 0.000; (2) ada pengaruh beban kerja terhadap keseimbangan kehidupan kerja dengan koefisien beta = -0.322, serta nilai t hitung > t tabel (-3.939 > 1.982) dan nilai p = 0.000 (p < 0.05); (3) ada pengaruh dukungan sosial terhadap keseimbangan kehidupan kerja dengan nilai koefisien beta = 0.457, nilai t hitung > t tabel (5.597 > 1.982) dan nilai p = 0.000 (p < 0.05). Kontribusi beban kerja dan dukungan sosial dengan keseimbangan kehidupan kerja pada polisi adalah sebesar 45.7 persen. This study aimed to determine the impact of workload and social support on work life balance of Police in Samarinda. This study used quantitative approach. Research subject consist of 110 police officers that chosen using accidental sampling method. Data collection method used in this study was work life balance, workload and social support scale. Research data analyzed with multiple linear regression by the program Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) 25.0 for Windows.The results showed that: (1) there was positive impact of workload and social support towards work life balance with F value = 44.990, R2 = 0.457 and P value = 0.000; (2) there was negative impact of workload on work life balance with beta coefficient = -0.322, and t count > t table (-3.939 > 1.982) and p value = 0.000 (p < 0.05); (3) there was positive impact of social support on work life balance with beta coefficient = 0.457, t count > t table (5.597 > 1.982) and P value = 0.000 (p < 0.05). Contribution of workload and social support on work life balance of Police in Samarinda amounted to 45.7 percent.
Regulasi Diri dan Konformitas Terhadap Prokrastinasi Akademik
Authors: Wati Lisna
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh regulasi diri dan Konformitas terhadap prokrastinasi akademik pada mahasiswa sastra inggris Universitas Mulawarman.  Metode kuantitatif yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 80 mahasiswa yang  menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah skala regulasi diri, konformitas, dan prokrastinasi akademik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) terdapat pengaruh signifikan antara regulasi diri dan konformitas terhadap prokrastinasi akademik yaitu dengan nilai F = 5.466. R2 = 0.179 dan P = 0.007. (2) Pada regulasi diri terhadap prokrastinasi akademik terdapat pengaruh negative dengan nilai Beta = 0.220, t = 2.033 dan p = 0.035 (3) pada konformitas terhadap prokrastinasi akademik terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan dengan nilai beta = 0.442, t = 3.288 dan p = 0.002. kontribusi pengaruh regulasi diri dan konformitas terhadap prokrastinasi akademik adalah sebesar 17.9 persen.This study aimed to determine the impact of self regulation and conformity on academic procrastination in English literature students of Mulawarman University. This study used quantitative approach. Research subject consist of 80 student that chosen using purposive sampling method. Data collection method used in this study is self regulation, conformity and academic procrastination scale. Research result showed that (1) there is significant impact of self regulation and conformity on academic procrastination with F value = 5.466, R2 = 0.179 and P value = 0.007. (2) there is significant negative impact of self regulation on academic procrastination with (ß)= 0.220, t = 2.033 and p value = 0.035. (3) there is a significance impact of conformity on academic procrastination with  (ß) = 0.442, t = 3.288 and p value = 0.002. contribution of self regulation and conformity on academic procrastion in English literature students of Mulawarman University amounted to 17.9 percent.
Антимикробная активность некоторых экстрактов лишайников
Authors: Нехорошев Сергей Викторович , Леонов Вадим Вячеславович , Нехорошева Александра Викторовна , Горников Николай Викторович , Кот Мариана Федоровна , Карпова Яна Александровна
Published: December 2021

Cladonia rangiferina — кустистый лишайник из рода кладония, имеющий мультирегиональное распространение, в качестве основного биологически активного вещества содержит усниновую кислоту. Из изученных экстрактов Cladonia rangiferina биологически активными являются только глицериновые экстракты, полученные при температуре экстракции 40 °C, и только в отношении грамположительных микроорганизмов (Staphylococcus aureus) и грибов (Candida albicans). Увеличение температуры экстракции до 90 °C уменьшает антимикробную активность экстрактов. Настоящее исследование демонстрирует, что лишайник может быть богатым источником эффективных противомикробных веществ.
Фитохимическое изучение багульника болотного, произрастающего в республике Марий Эл
Authors: Турусова Елена В. , Насакин Олег Евгеньевич
Published: December 2021

Методом атомно-абсорбционной спектрометрии исследован микроэлементный состав эмбриозема и зольного остатка побегов багульника болотного, произрастающего в Республике Марий Эл, в различные периоды формирования растения. Установлено незначительное варьирование содержания микро- и макроэлементов как в корнеобитаемом слое, так и зольном остатке сырья. Макро- и микроэлементный состав зольного остатка багульника болотного демонстрирует статистически достоверные различия для Mn, Ni, Co, Sb, As, Cd, что свидетельствует о аэротехногенном и водомиграционном их поступлении. В целом, в исследуемых образцах наблюдается незначительное превышение содержания тяжелых металлов относительно норм, регламентируемых СанПиН 2.3.2.560-96. Кроме того, установлено накопление аскорбиновой кислоты (АК) и полифенольных соединений в фазу отцветания. Выход же эфирного масла из свежесобранного сырья максимален в период плодоношения и составляет 2,0 % массы воздушно-сухого сырья. Сезонное накопление АК и дубильных веществ (ДВ) наблюдается в образцах, собранных на более экологически чистой территории, и достигает максимального значения в 3 декаде июня. Расчет корреляции низкомолекулярных антиоксидантов (АК и ДВ) и микроэлементов указывает на выраженную положительную корреляцию для Co (по АК), Cd (по ДВ), As (по ДВ).
Фармакологические аспекты применения липоевой кислоты (обзор)
Authors: Усачева Анна Максимовна , Черников Анатолий Викторович , Карманова Екатерина Евгеньевна , Брусков Вадим Иванович
Published: December 2021

Липоевая (тиоктовая) кислота (ЛК) (R-5-(1,2-дитиолан-3-ил)пентановая кислота) является природным соединением и поступает в организм человека с пищевыми продуктами. Она используется при лечении многих заболеваний, таких как диабет, рассеянный склероз, болезни Альцгеймера и Паркинсона, заболевания печени, ожирение и др. Ее используют как антидот при интоксикации тяжелыми металлами и различными токсинами. ЛК вызывает фосфорилирование рецептора инсулина, модулирует уровни 5’-АМФ-активируемой протеинкиназы (АМФК) в тканях. ЛК запускает экспрессию множественных белков антиоксидантного ответа. При фармакологическом применении ЛК снижает уровни С-реактивного белка и триглицеридов крови, улучшает показатели гликемических и воспалительных биомаркеров. Уровень безопасности ЛК считается хорошо изученным, однако накапливаются данные о необходимости более тщательного подхода к составу этого препарата, определению необходимых для лечения концентраций и длительности использования. В обзоре рассмотрены возможности возникновения побочных эффектов в зависимости от длительности применения и концентрации ЛК, а также различные сферы применения усовершенствованных разновидностей ЛК, включая наноформы.
The “Winnetou Kitsch” and Other Traces of “Americanization”
Authors: Volf Darina
Published: December 2021

The starting point for this article is the observation that American cultural influence never waned in socialist Czechoslovakia despite all attempts of the Communist Party to eliminate it and the Communist Party’s seemingly omnipotent position. The study focuses on the relationship between state policies, producers’ interests, and consumers’ demands, a triad more complex than the dichotomy of an “omnipotent” totalitarian regime versus an oppressed society. It describes the distinct phases in managing American cultural influence and illuminates the various interests and factors that contributed to the popularity and spread of “American” cultural goods. As the article shows, the approach of the Communist Party in prioritizing the political function of culture over entertainment or aesthetics facilitated consumers’ interest in cultural imports from abroad, mainly from the US. This interest in American cultural goods, in turn, exerted pressure on producers of culture and intermediaries to satisfy the demand. As a result, the American cultural influence not only survived in Czechoslovakia during the forty years of the Communist rule, but rather intensified and eventually took on a subversive force.
Improving Low-Performing Schools: A Meta-Analysis of Impact Evaluation Studies
Authors: Schueler Beth E. , Asher Catherine Armstrong , Larned Katherine E. , Mehrotra Sarah , Pollard Cynthia
Published: December 2021

The public narrative surrounding efforts to improve low-performing K–12 schools in the United States has been notably gloomy. But what is known empirically about whether school improvement works, which policies are most effective, which contexts respond best to intervention, and how long it takes? We meta-analyze 141 estimates from 67 studies of post–No Child Left Behind Act turnaround policies. On average, policies had moderate positive effects on math and no effect on English Language Arts achievement on high-stakes exams. We find positive impacts on low-stakes exams and no evidence of harm on nontest outcomes. Extended learning time and teacher replacements predict greater effects. Contexts serving majority-Latina/o populations saw the largest improvements. We cannot rule out publication bias entirely but find no differences between peer-reviewed versus nonpeer-reviewed estimates.
Semiotic Analysis of a Foundational Textbook Used Widely Across Educational Supervision
Authors: Cormier Dwayne Ray , Pandey Toshna
Published: December 2021

This article details a semiotic analysis of a foundational textbook used widely across the field of supervision. The purpose of this study was to explore how signs associated with key concepts in education may actualize through the work of supervision. The textbook served as a proxy for supervisors’ professional disposition and subsequent praxis within educational leadership and teacher education programs and U.S. PreK-12 school systems. Additionally, investigators served as proxies for equity-minded supervisors through an analytical framework, which centers race and cultural differences within the broader context of social justice. This investigation drew from the following theoretical constructions: (a) Sociocultural Theory, (b) Critical Pedagogy, and (c) Culturally Responsive School Leadership. Investigators used mixed research methods to analyze and quantify qualitative data. Findings from this investigation illustrated supervision’s capacity to facilitate praxis aimed at disrupting ideologies of whiteness within the process and context of school. This article concludes with a discussion of opportunities for the field of supervision to consider for broadening its impact by utilizing asset-based pedagogies and centering race and cultural differences within the broader context of social justice and society at large.
Büyükyurt Köyü (Niksar-Tokat) Tarihi Ahşap Mezarların Dendrokronoloji Yöntemleriyle Tarihlendirmesi
Authors: AKKEMİK Ünal , ÇELİK Hakan
Published: December 2021

Tokat-Niksar-Büyükyurt Köyü’nde, dönemleri ve kimlere ait oldukları bilinmeyen, ahşap çantı tekniği ile yapılmış 20 mezar bulunmaktadır. Makalenin amacı bu mezarlardan örnekler alınarak hangi dönemlere ait olduğunu dendrokronoloji yöntemleriyle belirlemektir. Köy camisi ile 11 mezardan toplam 26 örnek alınmış ve tarihlendirme çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Köy camisinin tabelasında 1935 yazmasına rağmen temelindeki ahşaplar 1906 yılına tarihlendirilmiştir. Tarihi mezarların da 1870-1950 dönemi aralığına ait olduğu belirlenmiştir. 19.yüzyılın ikinci yarısında yayla olarak kullanıldığı belirtilen yerin, yerleşimin bütün yıla yayılmasıyla köy haline geldiği belirtilmiştir. Bu mezarların da yayla olarak kullanıldığı ve sonrasında da bir süre yapılmaya devam ettiği sonucuna varılabilir. Tarihsel değeri bulunan bu mezarların yapım tekniği ile sosyolojik ve antropolojik açıdan araştırılması gereklidir.
Türkiye’deki tabiat parklarının rekreasyonel açıdan analizi
Authors: YENER Ş. Doğanay
Published: December 2021

19. yüzyıl itibariyle teknolojide yaşanan gelişmeler ve Tarım Devriminin gerçekleşmesiyle kırdan kente göç yaşanarak, hızlı bir kentleşmenin yaşanmaya başlandığı bir döneme geçilmiştir. Bu dönem iki olguyu da beraberinde getirmiştir. İlki kentleşme baskısı altındaki doğal alanların korunma zorunluluğu, diğeri ise kırdan uzaklaşmak zorunda kalan insanın doğada vakit geçirme özlemidir. Günümüzde hızlı nüfus artışıyla beraber insanların rekreasyonel aktivitelerine olanak tanıyan doğadaki bu alanların değeri daha da artmıştır. Bu alanlar içerisinde tabiat parkları sahip olduğu bitki örtüsü ve yaban hayatıyla dikkat çekerken, aynı zamanda kullanıcıların dinlenme ve eğlenme gibi önemli gereksinimleri karşılamaktadır.

Bu çalışma kapsamında Türkiye’deki mevcut tabiat parkları ve bu parkların insanlara sunduğu rekreasyonel aktivitelerin irdelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ülkemizdeki mevcut 250 tabiat parkının değerlendirildiği çalışmada, illere göre dağılımları, büyüklükleri ve içerdikleri rekreasyonel aktiviteler ele alınmıştır. Son olarak bu alanlar sürdürülebilir kalkınma açısından ele alınarak, gelecek nesillere aktarılmaları ile ilgili önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
ANALISIS KRITIS PENALARAN PARAGRAF PADA TEKS SASTRA CERITA ANAK SD KELAS RENDAH BERJUDUL RAJA CENDOL
Authors: Budiman Ilham Febri
Published: December 2021

Penalaran paragraf adalah logika atau nalar yang digunakan oleh penulis sehingga ide-ide yang ingin disampaikan kepada pembaca dapat tersampaikan dengan baik dan jelas. Teks sastra anak yang dijadikan sebagai sebagai bahan analisis pada penelitian ini ialah Raja Cendol karangan Suyitman. Penulisan artikel ini memiliki tiga tujuan. (1) Mengetahui paragraf yang bernalar pada cerita anak Raja Cendol. (2) Mengetahui paragraf yang tidak bernalar pada cerita anak Raja Cendol. (3) Mengetahui jenis paragraf pada teks cerita anak Raja Cendol. Paragraf yang bernalar dibedakan menjadi tiga, yakni berdasarkan penarikan simpulan, berdasarkan urutan logis dan berdasarkan sifatnya. Berdasarkan penarikan simpulan terdiri dari dua jenis, yaitu secara deduktif dan induktif. Berdasarkan urutan logis dibedakan sesuai urutan waktu dan tempat. Sedangkan berdasarkan sifatnya dibedakan menjadi lima, yakni paragraf narasi, eksposisi, argumentasi, persuasi dan deskripsi. Dari analisis pada teks cerita Raja Cendol ditemukan paragraf yang bernalar, yakni: penalaran induktif, deduktif, urutan tempat, urutan waktu, paragraf narasi, dan paragraf deskripsi. Pada teks cerita Raja Cendol juga ditemukan beberapa kesalahan seperti generalisasi yang terlalu luas dan relevansi yang salah.
Pendidikan Agama Kristen Dalam Mata Budaya Toraja
Authors: Ramba' Milenio
Published: December 2021

Pendidikan menjadi hak yang vital bagi setiap masyarakat di berbagai tempat. Adanya berbagai pola-pola dalam pendidikan menjadikan pendidikan sebagai cara yang lebih fleksibel dan diterima masyarakat banyak. Termasuk masyarakat suku Toraja yang memegang erat Aluk Todolo dan pamali menyebabkan mereka melihat hal dari mono-perspektif saja. Kehadiran pendidikan khususnya pendidikan agama Kristen berhasil meruntukan tembok-tembok pemikiran yang sempit dari masyarakat Toraja tanpa harus menghilangkan esesi dari budaya Toraja sendiri.
Chương 2 Phân tích môi trường marketing (analysis marketing environment)
Authors: Tung Dao Duy
Published: December 2021

Major internal and external environments affect the company’s ability to engage customers and build customer relationships
RESENSI PERJANJIAN BARU “Tema-tema Perjanjian Baru”
Authors: Prasetyo Yoga
Published: December 2021

Pada bab keempat menjelaskan tentang panggilan dan tugas, yang artinya adalah hal-halyang berkaitan dengan panggilan dan tugas seorang rasul atau petugas gereja. Dalam garis besar bab ini adalah mencakup alasan pemanggilan, dan syarat-syarat yang perlu diperhatikan seorang rasul, pada bab ke lima menjelaskan tentang supaya mereka menjadi satu, yang artinya para murid Yesus, dan orang-orang percaya. Pada bab ini mencakup garis besar antara lain yaitu, kesatuan yang diiginkan Yesus, ingatlah bahwa kita turut di doakan Yesus, persatuan kita dengan Tuhan berdampak pekabaran Injil, unsur-unsur yang merusak kesatuan atau persekutuan kristiani, cara mengatasinya, dan terpisah dari Yesus akan Merusak Kesatuan Kristiani. Pada bab enam menjelaskan tentang penumpangan tangan, dan pada bagian ketujuh menjelaskan orang-orang Kristen akhir Zaman menurut kitab Wahyu, yang mencakup tentang Tuhan Allah dan Sejarah, kebangkitan Kristen mengubah sejarah, perkembangan rencana Allah, Injil dan bangsa-bangsa, gereja di dalam sejarah dunia
E-learning: Mengembangkan kemampuan membuat Teks Prosedur
Authors: Pasaribu Michelle Devina
Published: December 2021

Saat ini, merupakan era digitalisasi dimana media pembelajaran dapat dilakukan secara online. Khususnya pada saat pandemi yang sedang melanda di Indonesia. Sistem pembelajaran yang awalnya dilakukan secara tatap muka akhirnya dilakukan secara online. Untuk itu, karena belum terbiasa memanfaatkan media pembelajaran online secara penuh banyak sekali siswa yang belum mengerti beberapa materi terutama materi teks prosedur. Teks prosedur memiliki manfaat untuk membantu seseorang dalam mengetahui cara untuk melakukan aktifitas dan kebiasaan hidup yang benar. Oleh karena itu, pentingnya peserta didik untuk bisa memahami cara penulisan teks prosedur yang baik dan benar agar tidak terjadi kesalahan dalam pembuatan teks prosedur melalui media daring.
The Relationship of Indonesian Language Learning with the Environment
Authors: Arum Sekar
Published: December 2021

The use of language cannot be separated when socializing with the surrounding environment. Likewise in learning Indonesian, the environment is very influential in the student learning process. The relationship between the environment and learning Indonesian is very close and complementary to each other. According to Dardjowidjojo (in Ramadhan et al, 2019) children will naturally recognize language as a way of communicating with those around them. The first language known and subsequently mastered by a child is called the mother tongue (native language). Furthermore, Yogatama (in Ramadhan et al, 2019) said that the acquisition of the first language is closely related to the social development of children and the formation of social identity. Learning the first language is one of the overall developments of children as members of a society.
FAKTOR INDIVIDU DALAM ORGANISASI
Authors: surahmi
Published: December 2021

Keberhasilan perusahaan dalam mengimplementasikan rencana perusahaan yang telah direncanakan ditentukan oleh SDM yang dimiliki oleh perusahaan
Resume Buku "Agama dan Bayang-Bayang Etis Syaikh Al-Makassari" Bab 1 dan Bab 2
Authors: Ariani Andi Erni
Published: December 2021

Simbolagamatampildalamwajahdemonstrasimassayangbrutaldantanpasasaranyanglogis,menyebabkanposisidankedudukanagamadihubung-hubungkandenganlogikabahwaagamaberadadibaliktindakan-tindakantersebut,dankarenanyaagamamenjadisistemyanglumpuh,bahkanmungkinhampirmatisecarakultural.Bahkantidakjarangpejabatyangberwenang mengeluarkan pernyataan yang seakan-akan menjustifikasisebagian aksi-aksikekerasantersebut.
The Relationship 0f Indonesian Language Learning with the Environment
Authors: Maulana Rafi
Published: December 2021

Hasil angket tentang kaitan pembelajaran bahasa indonesia dengan lingkungan.
FAKTOR INDIVIDU DALAM ORGANISASI
Authors: AWALIA RESKI
Published: December 2021

Makalah ini membahas tentang faktor individu dalam organisasi .
Metode Pembelajaran Gabungan Discovery Learning dan Inquiry Learning Guna Pemaksimalan Potensi Siswa
Authors: Asra Firajul Afkar
Published: December 2021

Metode pembelajaran gabungan Discovery dan Inquiry ini menuntut siswa untuk mampu memaksimalan penyerapan materi pembelajaran. Siswa ditantang untuk bisa memahami materi pelajaran, menemukan hal-hal baru yang tidak dijelaskan oleh guru maupun pada materi pembelajaran. Tidak hanya itu, siswa juga harus bisa berfikir cepat, mengajukan pertanyaan terkait materi pelajaran, melakukan eksplorasi terhadap materi pelajaran dari berbagai sumber, melakukan eksperimen untuk menjawab pertanyaan yang timbul ketika proses belajar-mengajar, serta menjadikan hasil eksperimen tersebut sebagai solusi dari pertanyaan-pertanyaan tersebut. Siswa dituntut untuk serba bisa namun tetap tidak mengesampingkan guru sebagai pembimbing materi pelajaran. Dengan penggabungan dari persamaan dua metode pembelajaran ini maka siswa diharapkan bisa mengembangkan sikap-sikap ilmiah dan menemukan, mengembangkan fakta, konsep, dan prinsip ilmu atau pengetahuan.
PERAN LINGKUNGAN SEBAGAI MEDIA BERFIKIR DAN PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER
Authors: Puspa Melien Monika
Published: December 2021

Abstrak: Cara orang berfikir pasti berbeda-beda. Sama halnya dengan karakter. Setiap orang memiliki karakter yang berbeda pula. Cara seseorang menemukan solusi dengan kasus yang sama bisa jadi berbeda. Hal itu dikarenakan adanya peran lingkungan yang mengambil tempat dalam cara berfikir seseorang. Sehingga melalui perbedaan dari cara berfikir mereka, kita akan menemukan karakter yang berbeda pula. Tetapi, banyak orang yang tidak menerima adanya perbedaan dari cara berfikir mereka dalam mengambil keputusan karena memilih pendapat yang lebih sejalan dengan cara berfikir mereka yang sama. Sehingga orang yang memiliki cara berfikir yang berbeda dengannya dianggap salah dan ditolak. Karena itu, melalui tulisan ini saya akan menggunakan pendekatan-pendekatan literatur dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif untuk menemukan solusi dan memasukkan pendapat-pendapat yang awal dan beberapa pendapat-pendapat baru yang sekaitan dengan kasus yang terjadi. Kemudian, tentang peran lingkungan dalam membentuk cara berfikir seseorang hingga penemuan karakter sangat perlu kita ketahui secara bersama. Karena jika tidak demikian maka orang-orang akan terus menuntut mereka yang memiliki jalan pikiran berbeda dalam mengambil keputusan dan bahkan menuntut untuk mengubah karakter yang dianggap tidak baik dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat. Maka dari itu, mari kita telaah bersama mengapa terjadi perbedaan berfikir dan karakter seseorang.
The Relation of Environmental Material in Indonesian Language Learning
Authors: Ulfa Miftahul
Published: December 2021

In the teaching and learning process in schools, Indonesian language learning must be learned by all students. Indonesian language learning aims to help students have good and correct Indonesian language skills to use in their lives. The use of Indonesian makes it easier for teachers and students when applied to environmental materials. Environmental materials are also difficult to apply in Indonesian language learning, if the people themselves are less concerned and aware of the environment. Students who learn about the environment will have a positive effect on their knowledge, values and attitudes related to the environment. Ramadhan et al (2019) say that environmental problems are inherently inseparable from people's awareness, values, and attitudes. Therefore, knowledge and awareness are needed to bring up positive values and attitudes that will encourage actions to make lifestyle adjustments and bad habits to the environment.
Praanggapan Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: AZHAR
Published: December 2021

Dalam pragmatika, praanggapan atau presuposisi (presupposition) adalah pengetahuan bersama yang dimiliki oleh penutur dan mitra tutur yang melatarbelakangi suatu tindak tutur.[1] Kesamaan praanggapan akan memperlancar komunikasi, sedangkan perbedaan praanggapan akan menghambat komunikasi. Sebagai contoh, saat menanggapi pernyataan penutur, "Pada waktu itu mobil saya melaju dengan kecepatan tinggi," bila mitra tutur belum mengetahui bahwa penutur memiliki mobil, mitra tutur akan menanggapi, "Kamu punya mobil?" Praanggapan penutur salah dan komunikasi menjadi terhambat
KAU MAU KEMANA (Refleksi Sosiologis terhadap Integritas Upaya Kesehatan Jiwa)
Authors: Oruh Shermina
Published: December 2021

Suatu hari Alice sampai di jalan bercabang dan melihat kucing Cheshire di sebuah pohon. “Aku harus lewat jalan mana?” tanyanya. Jawabannya adalah pertanyaan: “Kau mau kemana?” “Aku tidak tahu,” jawab Alice, “kalau begitu, “kata kucing itu, “jalan mana pun tidak ada bedanya.” (Covey, 2010)
Chương 3 Phân tích hành vi của người mua (buying decision behavior)
Authors: Tung Dao Duy
Published: December 2021

The aim of marketing is to engage customers and affect how they think and act. To affect the whats, whens, and hows of buyer behavior, marketers must first understand the whys. final consumer buying influences and processes.
Psikologi Perkembangan: Masa Prenatal
Authors: Budiman Ilham Febri
Published: December 2021

Periode prenatal merupakan periode awal kehidupan manusia yangsangat menentukan pola perkembangannya pada periode-periode selanjutnya.Ciri-ciri umumperkembangan prenatal ialah terjadinya pembauran sifat-sifat yang diturunkan oleh kedua orang tua. Masa prenatal berdasarkan perkembangan fisik yakni; germinal, embrio dan janin. Periode prenatalsangat penting karena mempengaruhi sifat bawaan, jens kelamin, urutan, dan jumlah anak. Faktor yang memengaruhi perkembangan pada masa ini ialahteratogen, ayah, ibu, danlingkungan. Kemudian proses kelahiran dirumuskanmenjadi tiga tahap.
Makalah Fakta Individu Dalam Organisasi
Authors: Khumairah Latifa
Published: December 2021

keberhasilan perusahaan dalam mengimplementasikan rencana perusahaan yang telah direncanakan di tentukan oleh SDM yang dimiliki oleh perusahaan itu, dan dalam membentuk SDM yang baik perusahaan itu harus memerhatikan betukl tentang kesejahteraan SDM tersebut.
Thiennhienism
Authors: Khuc Quy Van
Published: December 2021

Đạo, Thiên nhiên, Đạo thiên nhiên
Tindak Tutur Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: AZHAR
Published: December 2021

Tindak tutur adalah salah satu analisis pragmatik yang mengkaji bahasa dengan aspek pemakaian aktualnya. Tindak tutur pertama kali dikenalkan oleh Austin pada tahun 1965, yang merupakan teori yang dihasilkan dari studinya. Kemudian teori ini dikembangkan oleh Searle (1969) dengan menerbitkan sebuah buku Speech Acts: An Essay in the Philosophy of Language. Ia berpendapat bahwa komunikasi bukan sekadar lambang, kata atau kalimat, tetapi akan lebih tepat apabila disebut produk atau hasil dari lambang, kata atau kalimat yang berwujud perilaku tindak tutur (the performance of speech acts).Leech (1994: 4) menyatakan bahwa sebenarnya dalam tindak tutur mempertimbangkan lima aspek situasi tutur yang mencakup: penutur dan mitra tutur, konteks tuturan, tujuan tuturan, tindak tutur sebagai sebuah tindakan/aktivitas dan tuturan sebagai produk tindak verbal.
The Vision of a Deductive Meta-Biology: From Goodwin to Spinoza
Authors: Shoolman Harvey
Published: December 2021

This paper attempts to delineate a 20th century movement towards the formation of a truly 'deductive' metabiology. The aim is to reify and crystallize the historical reality of this new meta-biological ‘movement’ by suggesting that what essentially united it was an ontological or epistemically heuristic commitment to a biological vision whose grammar and syntax were provided by utilising non-classical forms of qualitative rather than quantitative mathematical modelling and expression. The paper primarily focusses on the anti-Darwinian metabiology of the Canadian born, yet UK domiciled, biologist Brian Goodwin, as well as comparing and contrasting his ideas withose those of other metabiological such as Per Alberch, Hal Waddington, Rene Thom and Vladimir Vernadsky. It is the contention of his paper that, historically, the purest expression and the philosophical consummation of many of the meta-biological ideas propounded by Goodwin and others discussed in this paper can actually be found in the extraordinary metaphysical vision of Benedict de Spinoza (1632-1677) particularly as expressed in his posthumously published masterpiece the Ethics (1677), and so this paper incorporates an account of the meta-biological relevance of Spinoza’s thinking in relation to these more modern metabiological thinkers, not in order to indicate direct influence, but as an attempt to reveal the potential metabiological inspiration of such an metaphysical hermeneutic for those concerned to increasingly understand the phenomenon of 'life' in deductive terms.
Kaitan Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia dengan Lingkungan
Authors: Arum Sekar
Published: December 2021

Penggunaan bahasa tidak bisa terlepas pada saat bersosialisasi dengan lingkungan sekitar. Begitu pula dalam pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia, lingkungan sangat berpengaruh dalam proses pembelajaran siswa. Kaitan antara lingkungan dengan pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia sangatlah erat dan saling melengkapi satu sama lainnya. Menurut Dardjowidjojo (dalam Ramadhan et al, 2019) secara alamiah anak akan mengenal bahasa sebagai cara berkomunikasi dengan orang di sekitarnya. Bahasa pertama yang dikenal dan selanjutnya dikuasai oleh seorang anak disebut bahasa ibu (native language). Selanjutnya, Yogatama (dalam Ramadhan et al, 2019) mengatakan pemerolehan bahasa pertama sangat berkaitan dengan perkembangan sosial anak dan pembentukan identitas sosial. Mempelajari bahasa pertama merupakan salah satu perkembangan menyeluruh anak menjadi anggota suatu masyarakat.
Variable dynamic styles of primordial heterogeneity preservation in the Earth’s lower mantle
Authors: Gülcher Anna , Gebhardt David , Ballmer Maxim , Tackley Paul
Published: December 2021

The evolution of the system Earth is critically influenced by the long-term dynamics, composition and structure of the mantle. While cosmochemical and geochemical constraints indicate that the lower mantle hosts an ancient primordial reservoir that may be enriched in SiO2 with respect to the upper mantle, geophysical observations and models point to efficient mass transfer and convective mixing across the entire mantle. Recent hypotheses of primordial-material preservation in a convecting mantle involve delayed mixing of intrinsically dense and/or intrinsically strong heterogeneity. Yet, the effects of composition-dependent rheology and density upon heterogeneity preservation and the dynamics of mantle mixing remain poorly understood. Here, we present two-dimensional numerical models in spherical geometry, investigating the preservation styles of primordial material as a function of its physical properties (i.e., viscosity and density contrasts). We establish multiple regimes of primordial-material preservation that can occur in terrestrial planets. These include (1) efficient mixing, (2) double-layered convection with or without topography, and (3) variable styles of partial heterogeneity preservation (e.g., as diffuse domains, piles or viscous blobs in the lower mantle). Some of these regimes are here characterised for the first time, and all regimes are put into context with each other as a function of model parameters. The viscous-blobs and diffuse-domains regimes can reconcile the preservation of primordial domains in a convecting mantle, potentially resolving the discrepancy between geochemical and geophysical constraints for planet Earth. Several, if not all, regimes characterised here may be relevant to understand the long-term evolution of terrestrial planets in general.
How failure to falsify in high-volume science contributes to the replication crisis
Authors: Rajtmajer Sarah , Errington Timothy M. , Hillary Frank
Published: December 2021

Abstract:Although the number of scientific papers published every year continues to increase, scientific progress is not growing at the same rate. In this article we argue that the "science-by-volume" approach would benefit from focus on direct testing and refuting strong hypotheses. Through repeated attempts to falsify leading hypotheses, the fittest theories emerge providing a stronger theoretical foundation to build from. We describe an example from network neuroscience where there has been little work to directly test two prominent but incompatible hypotheses. Based on this example, we discuss how building strong hypotheses and then setting-out to falsify them can bring greater precision to the clinical neurosciences and argue that this approach could be beneficial to all areas of science.
An evolutionary account of impairment of self in cognitive disorders
Authors: Benítez-Burraco Antonio , Adornetti Ines , Ferretti Francesco , Progovac Ljiljana
Published: December 2021

Recent research has proposed that certain aspects of psychosis, as experienced in e.g. schizophrenia (SCH), but also aspects of other cognitive conditions, such as autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and synesthesia, can be related to a shattered sense of the notion of self. In this paper, our goal is to show that altered processing of the self can be attributed to an abnormal functioning of cortico-striatal brain networks supporting, among other, one key human distinctive cognitive ability, namely, cross-modality, which plays multiple roles in human cognition and language. Specifically, our hypothesis is that this cognitive mechanism sheds light both on some basic aspects of the minimal self and on some aspects related to higher forms of the self, such as the narrative self. We further link the atypical functioning in these conditions to some recent evolutionary changes in our species, specifically, an atypical presentation of human self-domestication (HSD) features. In doing so, we also lean on previous work concerning the link between cognitive disorders and language evolution under the effects of HSD. We further show that this approach can unify both linguistic and non-linguistic symptoms of these conditions through deficits in the notion of self. Our considerations provide further support for the hypothesis that SCH and ASD are diametrically opposed cognitive conditions, as well for the hypothesis that their etiology is associated with recent human evolution, leading to a deeper understanding of the causes and symptoms of these disorders, and providing new cues, which can be used for an earlier and more accurate diagnostics.
Threat Rejection Fuels Political Dehumanization
Authors: Kubin Emily , Kachanoff Frank , Gray Kurt
Published: December 2021

Americans disagree about many things, including what threats are most pressing. We suggest people morally condemn and dehumanize opponents when they are perceived as rejecting the existence or severity of important perceived threats. We explore perceived “threat rejection” across five studies (N=2,404) both in the real-world COVID-19 pandemic and in novel contexts. Americans morally condemned and dehumanized policy opponents when they seemed to reject realistic group threats (e.g., threat to the physical health or resources of the group). Believing opponents rejected symbolic group threats (e.g., to collective identity) was not reliably linked to condemnation and dehumanization. Importantly, the political dehumanization caused by perceived threat rejection can be soothed with a “threat acknowledgement” intervention.
The strategy method conflates confusion with conditional cooperation in public goods games: evidence from large scale replications
Authors: Burton-Chellew Maxwell , D'Amico Victoire , Guérin Claire
Published: December 2021

The strategy method is often used in public goods games to measure individuals’ willingness to cooperate depending on the level of cooperation by others (conditional cooperation). However, while the strategy method is informative, it risks being suggestive and inducing elevated levels of conditional cooperation that are not motivated by concerns for fairness, especially in uncertain or confused participants. Here we make 845 participants complete the strategy method two times, once with human and once with computerized groupmates. Cooperation with computers cannot rationally be motivated by concerns for fairness. Worryingly, 69% of participants conditionally cooperated with computers, whereas only 7% conditionally cooperated with humans while not cooperating with computers. Overall, 83% of participants cooperated with computers, contributing 89% as much as towards humans. Results from games with computers present a serious problem for measuring social behaviors.
Improving assessment of urban racial segregation by partitioning a region into racial enclaves
Authors: Dmowska Anna , Stepinski Tomasz
Published: December 2021

Frequently, a single-value metric is needed to rank urban regions with respect to the level of multiracial segregation or to compare a segregation level of a single urban region at two different times. Assessment of segregation depends not only on a metric used but also on a choice of region’s partitioning. The standard practice is to partition the region into single-scale subregions. In the United States, census tracts are the subregions of choice. Census aggregation units including tracts are delineated without direct regard to racial homogeneity and are in fact heterogeneous. Consequently, using tracts as subdivisions leads to the underestimation of the segregation level of the entire region. Here we propose to partition a region into racial enclaves - units having boundaries that align with transitions between different racial compositions. By reflecting true demographic structure, such units minimize their internal racial inhomogeneity resulting in improved assessment of segregation. Enclaves are defined as aggregates of adjacent census blocks (smallest and the most racially homogeneous census units) of similar composition. In a typical US urban region effective population size of enclaves is an order of magnitude larger than the size of a census tract and yet the segregation calculated based on enclaves is larger than segregation based on census tracts. The proposed methodology is described and applied to a set of 61 largest cities in the U.S. in their metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) as well as their urban areas (UAs) boundaries using 1990 and 2010 block-level data. The method is compared to the standard methodology using correlations between cities’ segregation rankings.
The Civilian’s Dilemma: How Religious and Ethnic Minorities Survived the Islamic State Occupation of Northern Iraq
Authors: Knuppe Austin James
Published: December 2021

How did Iraq’s ethnic and religious minorities survive the Islamic State occupation of Ninewa governorate? Existing accounts of civilian behavior during wartime either essentialize social identity or ignore it altogether by reducing survival to cost-benefit calculations or political opportunism. Against the conventional wisdom, I argue that civilians adopt survival strategies based on the internal resources of their home communities. Specifically, civilians detect and respond to threats by drawing on a set of heuristics to discern combatants’ motives and intentions. I evaluate the key tenets of my theory through a mixed-methods research design of observational data and field interviews. I begin by analyzing migration patterns recorded in the United Nation’s Displacement Tracking Matrix. To understand how Iraqis who remained survived the conflict, I draw on original interviews with Iraqi peacebuilders from minority communities. I find that those who remained survived the conflict by mobilizing self-defense groups and collaborating with members of the anti-ISIS coalition. Opportunistic collaboration between minorities and ISIS insurgents was less common. My findings provide insights for scholars and practitioners interested in refugee return, resettlement, and reintegration in fragile states.
The effect of the Pandemic on European Narratives on Smart Cities and Surveillance
Authors: Biesaga Mikolaj , Domaradzka Anna , Roszczynska-Kurasinska Magdalena , Talaga Szymon , Nowak Andrzej
Published: December 2021

This paper presents the analysis of European smart city narratives and how they evolved under the pressure of the COVID-19 pandemic. We approach the smart city concept from the critical perspective of surveillance capitalism, as proposed by Zuboff, to highlight the growing privacy concerns related to technological development. We have collected and analysed 184 articles regarding smart city solutions, published on social media by five European journals between 2017 and 2021. We adopted both human and machine coding processes for qualitative and quantitative analysis of our data. As a result, we identified the main actors and four dominant narratives: regulation of AI and facial recognition, technological fight with the climate emergency, contact tracing apps, and the potential of 5G technology to boost the digitalisation processes. Our analysis shows the growing number of positive narratives underlining the importance of technology in fighting the pandemic and mitigating the climate emergency. Although the discourse on surveillance is often accompanied by the consideration of the right to privacy, those types of concerns are central for only two topics out of the four we discovered. We found that the main rationale for the development of surveillance technologies relates to the competitiveness of the EU in the global technological rivalry, rather than increasing societal wellbeing or safeguarding the transparency of new policies.