bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Filantropi Islam Solusi Atas Masalah Kemiskinan Akibat Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Rizal Fitra , Mukaromah Haniatul
Published: February 2021

Poverty is one of the macroeconomic problems that is a major concern, especially during the current pandemic. This study aims to describe the solutions offered by Islamic philanthropy (ZISWAF) to the problem of poverty caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. This research uses descriptive qualitative research methodology with content analysis techniques (content analysis) and library research. The results showed that ZISWAF is able to be a solution for the community to the problem of poverty that occurs. Efforts to alleviate poverty that can be done are to manage the funds that have been obtained from ZISWAF properly, with productive management. However, there must be some funds provided to the public that are consumptive in nature. If ZISWAF funds are managed properly and are productive, the hope is that these funds will not run out until whenever they are even able to develop so that their use will be bigger and wider. ZISWAF funds which are consumptive in nature will increase the demand and purchasing power of the community, so that the community will be more prosperous. Meanwhile, productive funds are able to increase investment activities and company productivity (business activities) so that it is able to increase the use of full labor (reduce unemployment) and ultimately improve community welfare so that poverty is reduced. This proves that Islamic philanthropy can be a solution to the problem of poverty.

Kemiskinan merupakan salah satu masalah makroekonomi yang menjadi perhatian utama, khususnya pada masa pandemi saat ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memamparkan solusi yang ditawarkan oleh filantropi Islam (ZISWAF) atas masalah kemiskinan yang diakibatkan oleh pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik content analysis (analisis isi) dan riset kepustakaan (library research). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ZISWAF mampu menjadi solusi bagi masyarakat atas masalah kemiskinan yang terjadi. Upaya pengentasan kemiskinan yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan mengelola dana yang telah diperoleh dari ZISWAF dengan baik, dengan pengelolaan yang  produktif. Walaupun demikian harus ada sebagain dana yang diberikan kepada masyarakat yang bersifat konsumtif. Dana ZISWAF jika dikelola dengan baik dan bersifat produktif harapanya adalah dana tersebut tidak akan habis sampai kapanpun bahkan mampu berkembang sehingga pemanfaatanya akan semakin besar dan luas. Dana ZISWAF yang bersifat konsumtif akan meningkatkan permintaan dan daya beli masyarkat, sehingga masyarakat semakin sejahtera. Sedangkan dana yang bersifat produktif mampu meningkatkan kegiatan investasi dan produktifitas perusahaan (kegiatan bisnis) sehingga hal tersebut mampu meningkatkan penggunaan tenaga kerja penuh (mengurangi pengangguran) dan pada akhirnya meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat sehingga kemiskinan semakin berkurang. hal tersebut membuktikan bahwa filantropi Islam mampu menjadi solusi atas masalah kemiskinan.
Формування саногенного мислення як технологія забезпечення професійного здоров’я майбутніх учителів
Authors: Мешко Г. М.  , Мешко О.І.
Published: February 2021

Статтю присвячено дослідженню ролі саногенного мислення у збереженні і зміцненні професійного здоров’я майбутніх учителів. На основі вивчення й аналізу психолого-педагогічної літератури з’ясовано сутність саногенного мислення, саногенного потенціалу і саногенного виховання особистості, структуру і функції саногенного мислення у здоров’ятворчій діяльності педагога. Виявлено можливості та описано досвід формування саногенного мислення майбутніх учителів на етапі підготовки у закладі вищої освіти. Схарактеризовано діяльність, спрямовану на формування саногенного мислення майбутніх учителів, що проводиться на заняттях з курсів «Вступ до педагогічної професії», «Педагогіка», «Професійне здоров’я педагога», також під час психолого-педагогічного тренінгу. Представлено комплекс методів роботи, що спрямовується на розвиток внутрішніх психічних сил майбутніх учителів, гармонізацію самооцінки і Я-концепції студентів, активізацію механізмів особистісної саморегуляції, ресурсів стресостійкості, формування продуктивних копінг-стратегій, самоефективності їх особистості. Це, зокрема, психомалюнки, групова дискусія, розігрування рольових ситуацій, психологічні ігри і вправи, методи невербальної взаємодії, використання притч, що використовуються в діяльності груп активного соціально-психологічного навчання. Запропонований підхід сприяє попередженню соціально і професійно небажаних рис і якостей, виробленню конструктивних способів подолання професійних труднощів для профілактики професійної дезадаптації, професійних деформацій, емоційного вигорання, розвитку саногенного потенціалу. Визначено перспективи подальших наукових розвідок, що передбачають дослідження проблеми підвищення рівня професійної стресостійкості та формування резільєнтності вчителів у системі післядипломної педагогічної освіти.
Online learning challenges: students’ vision
Authors: Микитенко Н. О.  , Ісаєва Г. Т.
Published: February 2021

The article analyzes circumstances under which most educational institutions in Ukraine have found themselves with the spread of Covid-19 where teachers and students had to quickly adjust to not quite conventional, sometimes stressful learning environment. The results of the analysis of the survey conducted among 150 1st and 2nd year students majoring in sciences at Ivan Franko National University of Lviv have been presented. Having considered the findings of the survey, the advantages and disadvantages of online learning, as well as recommendations both for the teachers and students with the view to make it more effective have been elucidated. There have been outlined the following advantages of online learning: it is less time consuming; it allows flexible time and place management; it improves students’ technical skills; it makes students more self-disciplined; it is less pricy than traditional education; it is more friendly for the students’ health. Although it has been proven that online learning has its disadvantages, among which: lack of vital social contacts and face-to-face communication with peers; preventing students from academic dishonesty; concentrating attention on the subject of studying and ignoring distractions; procrastination; teachers being sometimes unfamiliar with advanced internet technologies; lack of motivating methods and activities. In this respect authentic activities targeted at immersion occured to demonstrate many benefits within online learning environment as they motivate students through real life situations and solving problems. On the basis of literature review of recent research, key characteristics of authentic activities have been defined. The recommendations for both the students as active participants of the learning process and the teachers as organizers and moderators of this process have been outlined. The conclusion was made that teachers in the first place have a chance to change the priorities and make the studying process more exciting, motivating and productive.
Numerical and Experimental Modelling of Small Hydropower Turbine
Authors: Abdullah Omar Sulaiman , Kamel Ammar Hatem , Khalil Wissam Hashim
Published: February 2021

Recently, Archimedes screw turbines have been developed to operate as small hydropower stations, because of its reliability to operate with the low head( less than 5 m) and its low cost of design and operation. In the present study, the influence of the flow rate, shaft inclination angle, and the number of blades is studied using physical model and numerical model to determine the performance of Archimedes screw turbine at Ramadi Barrages in Iraq. The physical model was made of stainless steel with the following parameters: (the radius ratio is 0.536, the pitch is 70 mm, the shaft angles are 30? ,35? ,40? ,45?). The experimental work on the physical model is achieved with different flow rates and angles .The results showing that the highest efficiency is 81.4 % At the angle of 35? and the flow rate is 1.12 l/s . The maximum energy obtained is 25.13 w at the angle of 45?, the e flow rate is 2.065 l/s, and the efficiency was 72%. Also the results show that the increase in the number of blades increases the torque and efficiency of the turbine.
Energy and Exergy Analysis of Cascade Refrigeration System Using MC22 and MC134 on HTC, R404A and R502 on LTC
Authors: Hendri  , Roswati Nurhasanah  , Prayudi  , Suhengki
Published: February 2021

Low temperature storage with a single refrigeration system only stable up to 228 K temperature. The purpose of this study is to develop a low temperature cool storage with cascade refrigeration system, with hydrocarbon refrigerants in terms of energy and exergy analysis. Experimental research in laboratories using refrigerant hydrocarbon MC22 and MC134 on the hight temperature circuit, and R404A and R502 using on low temperature circuit. Condenser heat exchanger using a type of exchanger plate. Resulting from this research, obtained that result the MC22/R404A, MC22/R502 and MC134/R404A refrigerant pair can reach a temperature of 220 K. The MC22/R404A refrigerant pair has god performance, COP, total loss exergy, and exergy efficiency is better than MC22/R502, and MC134/R04A refrigerant pairs.
Intelligence économique, données, résilience et territoires
Authors: Bourret Christian , Fabry Nathalie , Da Re Claudia
Published: February 2021

L’intelligence économique constitue un secteur majeur du champ de l’information, des données et des documents. Sa dimension plus conceptuelle de stratégie d’entreprise a été abordée lors d’un précédent numéro de la revue I2D (juin 2017). Dans ce dossier, nous en abordons la dimension plus pratique, à travers sa rencontre avec les territoires, en intégrant des retours d’expériences, en croisant les regards de chercheurs universitaires et de professionnels de terrain, en nous appuyant à la fois sur des témoignages et sur des articles scientifiques. Dans un double contexte de transformation numérique et de crise sanitaire, la dimension transversale de l’identité numérique et de la lisibilité des territoires constituera un fil conducteur.
Le Groupement français de l’industrie de l’information (GFII)
Authors: Bourret Christian , Berthault Denis
Published: February 2021

Créé en 1979, le Groupement français de l’industrie de l’information (GFII) se définit comme un écosystème professionnel des acteurs de la donnée et des contenus. Ancré dans le concret, il se fonde sur la confiance, le dialogue, la coopération. Face à la crise de la Covid-19, le GFII, qui a poursuivi son activité pendant le confinement, se veut un acteur majeur de la résilience, par la donnée et par le numérique.
Des bibliothèques non indispensables, mais essentielles ?
Authors: Bats Raphaëlle
Published: February 2021

Pour interroger le rôle de la bibliothèque pendant la pandémie et plus généralement pendant les crises que traverse la société actuelle, l’École nationale supérieure des sciences de l’information et des bibliothèques (Enssib) a organisé un séminaire à distance intitulé «  Les bibliothèques en temps de crise : le cas du Covid-19  ». Au programme, neuf ateliers-sessions, autour des notions d’hospitalité, de vulnérabilité, d’intention, d’espace public. Au beau milieu du confinement, en mars 2020, et jusqu’à décembre 2020, 1 600 bibliothécaires francophones se seront livrés à un fructueux exercice d’intelligence collective et de reconstruction de sens. Objectif : imaginer ensemble des services adaptés à l’évolution de la société.
L’usage de la plateforme HAL par des unités de recherche
Authors: Schöpfel Joachim
Published: February 2021

L’article présente les résultats d’une étude sur l’usage de la plateforme HAL par les 62 laboratoires de recherche de l’Université de Lille, réalisée en avril 2020. L’analyse a porté sur les dépôts dans HAL, sur la création d’une collection et sur la part des documents en libre accès. La comparaison des unités selon leur domaine scientifique révèle quelques différences disciplinaires, aussi bien par rapport au nombre total des dépôts (notices et documents) que par rapport aux dépôts des publications en texte intégral. L’article distingue entre plusieurs approches types et propose quelques explications pour ces différences.
Lubumbashi et l’idée de mémoire orale
Authors: Dibwe dia Mwembu Donatien
Published: February 2021

Le projet Mémoires de Lubumbashi , créé en 2000, a pour objectif de collecter des sources orales sur l’histoire de cette ville minière (deuxième ville du Congo et capitale du Katanga), ainsi que des sources picturales et des objets. L’objectif est de fournir un contre-point aux sources écrites coloniales pour venir dessiner une histoire plurielle de la ville, en proposant une démarche participative et inclusive aux habitants. Des récits de vie des travailleurs de l’Union Minière du Haut-Katanga pendant la période coloniale, des récits également de leurs compagnes et de leurs filles, trop souvent oubliées des enquêtes historiques, des photographies familiales, des créations de théâtre populaire en kiswahili (surtout de la troupe Mufwankolo) qui évoquent le quotidien de la colonisation, des répertoires de chansons populaires sont autant d’exemples de cette large collecte. C’est à une conception de l’histoire en lien avec les citoyens que l’auteur nous invite, attaché à écrire les vies quotidiennes des « sans voix ».
La stratégie de la multitude au Chili
Authors: Donaire-Palma Alejandro , Collin Michèle
Published: February 2021

Le printemps austral au Chili a été le théâtre d’un grand soulèvement qui a mis fin à la politique néolibérale de Piñera tout en critiquant le cadre constitutionnel, héritage de l’époque Pinochet. Au départ, le mouvement était une grève métropolitaine contre l’augmentation du prix du ticket des transports publics. Face à la répression qui a suivi la grève s’est transformée en un soulèvement des multitudes pour la démocratie et un nouveau système de protection sociale. Même les tentatives de médiation institutionnelles ne semblent ne pas avoir de succès pour bloquer le mouvement qui tout de même rentre en hibernation à cause de la pandémie. Mais le résultat du plébiscite pour une nouvelle constituante qui montre que le pays s’émancipe du cadre pinochetiste.
Confier une décision vitale à une machine
Authors: Henin Clément
Published: February 2021

Depuis 2018, un algorithme développé par l’agence de la biomédecine établit l’ordre de proposition des greffons cardiaques, ressource vitale en quantité insuffisante pour les malades qui en ont besoin. Alors qu’ils sont amputés d’une partie de leur autonomie professionnelle, les médecins acceptent globalement ce système centralisé et automatique, bien que l’attribution semble imparfaite, car il est jugé préférable à une attribution humaine qui était largement manipulée par les centres de greffe. Le terrain permet d’observer de nouvelles pratiques dans les centres de greffe qui s’approprient le fonctionnement de l’algorithme afin de déployer des tactiques pour minimiser l’impact de l’algorithme et de participer aux discussions sur les évolutions du système automatique.
La mise en scène de l’invisibilité
Authors: Chauvin Pierre-Marie
Published: February 2021

Réputation et visibilité vont généralement de pair. Le cas du street artiste Banksy permet d’interroger l’association paradoxale d’une grande réputation et d’une forte invisibilité de l’artiste. Cet article analyse le travail réputationnel accompli par Banksy à partir de son film Exit through the gift shop (Faites le mur !). En distinguant quatre modalités de réputation (notoriété, reconnaissance, renommée et visibilité), l’article examine ce film comme un dispositif de réputation original pour Banksy. Faux documentaire sur le street art , autoportrait qui se nie comme tel, critique acerbe du monde de l’art contemporain et de son fonctionnement, ce film participe à entretenir l’invisibilité et la réputation de l’artiste en alimentant et en faisant vivre une question : « Qui est Banksy ? »
The effect of relative humidity on the survival and growth rate of the yellow mealworm larvae (Tenebrio molitor, Linnaeus 1758)
Authors: Johnsen N.S. , Andersen J.L. , Offenberg J.
Published: February 2021

The current livestock sector is a large contributor to the environmental challenges facing the world. To reduce the environmental impact of food production, a change of the sector is necessary. Entomophagy could be a step towards a more sustainable protein production. However, the insect farming community has a short history compared to conventional livestock, thus, it lacks knowledge of how a profitable mass production of insects is established. In this study we aimed to find the optimal relative humidity (RH) for production of larvae of a popular species for insect farming; the yellow mealworm,Tenebrio molitor. More specifically we tested the effect of a RH of 43, 51, 68, 75 and 84% on the survival rate, mass and length ofT. molitor larvae, from hatching and two weeks forward. Control of RH was achieved using the saturated salt solution method, and the temperature was kept at 30 °C. Experiments were carried out over 12 weeks. The sample size was 100 larvae and eight replicates per treatment. Results showed that the RH had no effect on larval survival rate but had a significant effect on individual larvae mass and length after three weeks. Larval mass and length increased with humidity, and larvae reared at a RH of 84% were 1.96 times heavier and 1.31 times longer than larvae raised at 43%. Hence, for an industrial mass producer ofT. molitor larvae, applying close to the optimal RH of 84% would likely result in an increased larvae size at harvest and a faster growth rate, ultimately leading to a higher yield.
Visual Outcomes and Patient Satisfaction After Bilateral Sequential Implantation of a Capsular Bag IOL and a Supplementary Sulcus-Fixated Trifocal IOL
Authors: Kahraman Guenal , Dragostinoff Nikolaus , Brezna Wolfgang , Bernhart Clemens , Amon Michael
Published: February 2021

PURPOSE:

To assess visual and refractive outcomes and patient satisfaction after bilateral sequential implantation of a primary capsular bag intraocular lens (IOL) and a supplementary sulcus-fixated trifocal IOL.

METHODS:

All patients had bilateral implantation of a mono-focal IOL in the capsular bag followed by a supplementary trifocal IOL (Sulcoflex 703F, Rayner Intraocular Lenses Limited) in the sulcus. Patients were evaluated for monocular uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity, binocular uncorrected and corrected distance, intermediate and near visual acuity, photopic and mesopic contrast sensitivity, defocus curves, visual symptoms, spectacle independence, and patient satisfaction at 1 and 6 months postoperatively.

RESULTS:

Forty eyes of 20 patients were evaluated. Six months after surgery, mean binocular uncorrected visual acuity was −0.07 ± 0.06 logMAR for distance vision (range: −0.2 to 0.0 logMAR), −0.03 ± 0.17 logMAR for intermediate vision (range: −0.1 to 0.6 logMAR), and 0.09 ± 0.08 logMAR for near vision (range: −0.1 to 0.2 logMAR). All patients reported full spectacle independence after 6 months and no adverse events were reported for any of the patients.

CONCLUSIONS:

Sequential implantation of a monofocal IOL in the capsular bag and a supplementary trifocal IOL in the sulcus provides a safe and effective choice for patients who desire spectacle independence after cataract surgery.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2021;37(2):105–111.]
Identidad, vida y obra del alquimista Ibn Arfaʿ Raʾs
Authors: Forster Regula , Müller Juliane
Published: February 2021

Ibn Arfaʿ Raʾs es el autor de una colección famosa de poemas alquímicos titulada Šuḏūr al-ḏahab (Las Esquirlas de Oro). Además de Šuḏūr al-ḏahab compuso otras obras — en particular un comentario de las Šuḏūr que está descrito aquí por primera vez más detalladamente — así como poesía estrófica sobre alquimia. La atribución que se suele hacer de algunas obras a Ibn Arfaʿ Raʾs parece incorrecta, sobre todo en lo que se refiere a dos obras concretas sobre magia. Esta contribución enfoca nuestros hallazgos sobre la identidad de Ibn Arfaʿ Raʾs y su vida, desafiando la identificación del alquimista Ibn Arfaʿ Raʾs con un erudito religioso Mālikī conocido como Ibn al-Naqirāt. Basado tanto en los manuscritos como en la literatura bio-bibliográfica, suponemos que dos personas diferentes, ambas del Marruecos del siglo VI/XII, probablemente han sido fusionadas en una en un período bastante temprano. Considerando todas las fuentes, sugerimos también que Ibn Arfaʿ Raʾs pueda haber dejado el Occidente Islámico y haber escrito por lo menos algunas de sus obras en Oriente, más específicamente en Egipto, lo que explicaría la recepción amplia de Šuḏūr al-ḏahab en todo el Mundo Islámico y especialmente en el Máshreq.
Una biblioteca en los márgenes: Pedro de Castro aprende árabe
Authors: Boyano Guerra Isabel , Sánchez-García Patricia
Published: February 2021

A través de la descripción y análisis de los códices 7887, 8432 y 8434 de la Biblioteca Nacional de España, en este artículo pretendemos redefinir su procedencia, datación, autoría y contenido. Establecer su confección en el entorno del asunto de los libros del Sacromonte e identificar la intervención de Pedro de Castro permite ampliar lo que hasta ahora se conocía acerca de sus intentos de aprender árabe y de profundizar en los aspectos más polémicos de los plomos. Tanto los contenidos gramaticales y religiosos como las abundantes anotaciones con referencia a las fuentes que utilizaba aportan valiosa información acerca de su selección de obras. Materiales gramaticales como la Āŷurrūmiyya, que en estos códices se recoge en diferentes versiones, estaban siendo editados en Roma y Leiden y alcanzarían una gran difusión. La conformación de su biblioteca, a la que debieron pertenecer los códices aquí analizados, fluye en paralelo a la construcción de un saber orientalista en la Europa moderna.
A Combined Model for Continuous Intention to Use E-Learning System
Authors: Tawafak Ragad M , Malik Sohail Iqbal , Mathew Roy , Ashfaque Mohammed Waseem , Jabbar Jasiya , AlNuaimi Maryam Nasser , ElDow Abdalla , Alfarsi Ghaliya
Published: February 2021

E-learning systems installed in educational institutions have increased the efficiency of scholarly processes over the years. E-learning, however, has faced many factors affecting the continuous intention of teachers and students to use e-learning, such as student satisfaction, productivity, and academic success. Therefore to improve academic success, there is a need for institutions to enhance their e-learning programs. Thus the primary objective of this thesis is to construct a composite. This research focuses on the advancement of e-learning to boost students' continuous trying to use e-learning to increase students' level of understanding and academic performance. Data were collected using questionnaires returned to determine their e-learning feedback by 295 undergraduates from four universities in Oman, after which (PLS-SEM) used e-learning to assess their ongoing trial of using e-learning. The facts demonstrate that the variables are essential for the continuing decision to use e-learning.
Conception and Implementation of an IoT System for Remote Practical Works in Open Access University’s Electronic Laboratories
Authors: Moulay Taj Amine , Chacon Sombria Jesus , Gaga Ahmed , Abouhilal Abdelmoula , Malaoui Abdessamad
Published: February 2021

The courses and disciplines in the exact sciences are based on practical work (PW) which complements the theoretical teaching. Remote Labs are a recent approach used for educating experimental manipulations by using the performance of information and communication technologies. This work aims to propose the design of an IoT system allowing several remote manipulations in analog electronics. This solution is mainly based on the Red Pitaya STEMLab board, in particular for communication and remote control for measurements and data acquisition through different protocols. The low-cost system provides an intelligent selection between the different integrated practical works on a developed board, as well as other ones carried out externally as extensions according to the professor's needs. The analysis of the integrated manipulations was done taking into account the minimum latency of the remote control as well as its portability to save time, space, and money without loss of quality and quantity. The presented results relate to a PW of analog electronics, a “RC charging and discharging circuit” has been considered for a comparison of this Remote system with the same PW performed by the classical method "hands-on laboratory". Our purpose in this study is the development of a control system to maximize the available resource as well as to improve self-learning ability in the electronic field.
Editor’s introduction: Applied qualitative research
Authors: Bartesaghi Mariaelena
Published: February 2021

The works in this issue, whether directly or indirectly, speak to the invaluable role of qualitative inquiry in offering viable solutions or alternative affordances for the practices that are studied. (...)
A case of hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia mimicking hepatocellular carcinoma identified on gallium-68-prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography
Authors: Bilgic Seckin , Sayman Haluk , Sager Muhammet , Sonmezoglu Kerim
Published: February 2021

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a glycosylated type-II transmembrane protein highly expressed in individual tumor cells. Lesions with PSMA expression in the liver are commonly reported as prostate cancer metastasis or hepatocellular cancer previously. This is the first case reported as hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia, mimicking hepatocellular carcinoma with imaging features. This patient, having a lesion that has been enlarged from 2.0 cm to 2.5 cm in 3 months, was referred to our department for restaging by gallium-68 PSMA (68Ga-PSMA) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). The CT scan showed a focal segment VI hypodensity, which was significantly PSMA-avid. Consequently, its biopsy resulted as focal nodular hyperplasia in liver. His follow-up 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT ultimately revealed a mass lesion of 8 cm of axial diameter.
Should fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography be the first-line imaging investigation for restaging the laryngeal carcinoma patients?
Authors: Jain Tarun , Singh Guman , Goyal Sumit , Yadav Ajay , Yadav Dinesh , Khunteta Nitin , Malhotra Hemant
Published: February 2021

Posttreatment detection of residual/recurrence disease in the head and neck cancers is not an easy task. Treatment induces changes create difficulties in diagnosis on conventional imaging (computed tomography [CT], magnetic resonance imaging) as well as macroscopic inspection (direct laryngoscopy). Hence, we evaluate the diagnostic performance of contract-enhanced F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET)/CT in restaging of laryngeal carcinoma Postchemotherapy-surgery and/or radiation therapy. We retrospectively analyzed patients of carcinoma larynx (n = 100) who has completed treatment and were referred for FDG PET/CT. Two reviewers performed image analysis to determine recurrence at primary site and/lymph nodes and distant metastases. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was used to determine the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) cut off for disease detection. Histopathological examination and clinical or imaging follow-up were taken as gold standard for recurrence. One hundred laryngeal carcinoma patients with mean age of 57.2 years (range of 40–76) were included in the present study. Among the 100 patients, 96 were male and remaining 4 were female. The average interval between completion of treatment and FDG PET/CT scan was 8.5 months (minimum 6 months). Of the 100 patients, FDG PET/CT detected FDG avid lesions in 66 patients. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy of FDG PET/CT for residual/recurrence disease detection was 90.3%, 73.7%, 84.8%, 82.3%, and 84.0%, respectively (P < 0.05). In addition, in 10 patients, metachronous primaries were detected (lung-4, thyroid-2, tongue, colon, esophagus, and lymphoma-one each). On ROC curve analysis, SUVmax >6.1 had sensitivity and specificity of 80.6% and 94.7% respectively for detection of recurrent/metastatic disease. FDG PET/CT demonstrates high diagnostic accuracy for detection of residual/recurrent disease in treated laryngeal cancer patients and our findings suggest that this imaging modality should be the first-line diagnostic investigation in this cohort of patients.
Prevalence of Traumatic Brain Injury Among Trauma Patients in Ethiopia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Abate Semagn Mekonnen , Abafita Bedru Jemal , Bekele Tesfanew
Published: February 2021

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common cause of mortality and disability in young age populations, particularly in children and adolescents. The objective of this systematic review and metaanalysis was to assess the prevalence of TBI among trauma patients in Ethiopia.

Methods: A three-stage search strategy was conducted on PubMed/Medline, Science Direct and African Journals Online, and a grey literature search was conducted on Google Scholar. Data were analyzed with R version 3.6.1.

Results: The pooled prevalence of TBI in Ethiopia was 20% (95% confidence interval (CI), 11–32). Subgroup analysis revealed that road traffic accident was the commonest mechanism of injury in Ethiopia at 21% (95% IC, 15– 30), next was assault at 18% (95% CI, 5–48).

Conclusion: This review shows a high prevalence of TBI among trauma patients in Ethiopia when compared with continental and global reports. Policymakers and stakeholders should work on regulatory laws on transportation; pre-hospital emergency medical care system is also in high demand.Keywords: Head injury, Road traffic accident, Assault, Ethiopia
Comparison of Outcomes of Open Tension-free Mesh Repair and Totally Extraperitoneal Laparoscopic Repair of Inguinoscrotal Hernias
Authors: Shazi Bhekithemba , Koto Modise , Osuagwu Chukwuemeka , Schoeman Hermanus
Published: February 2021

Background: This study aimed to determine the differences in postoperative complications experienced by patients with inguinoscrotal hernia after laparoscopic versus open repair, and the association of risk factors to development of postoperative complications.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of all patients with inguinoscrotal hernias who had either Lichtenstein repair or totally  extraperitoneal laparoscopic (TEP) repair from January 2014 to December 2017.

Results: The study was performed on evaluable data that could be extracted for 49 patients: 14 were offered TEP repair and 35 Lichtenstein repairs.  There was no statistical difference in the mean operative time and mean time taken to return to normal activities between the two groups. The length of hospital stay was one day for both groups. Two patients from the TEP repair group and one patient from the Lichtenstein repair group developed recurrence. Three patients from the TEP group and one patient from the Lichtenstein repair group developed chronic groin pain. One patient from the totally extraperitoneal laparoscopic repair group developed a seroma.

Conclusion: Our study demonstrated a trend towards better postoperative outcomes in the Lichtenstein repair group than in the TEP group.

Keywords: Open tension-free mesh repair, Totally extraperitoneal laparoscopic repair, Inguinoscrotal hernias
Schreiner’s Karoo, Blackburn’s Joburg: Revisioning the Colonial Novel; or, From the Story of a Colony to a ‘South African’ Story
Authors: Chapman Michael
Published: February 2021

Schreiner criticism over the last two decades or so has shown greater interest in her ideas than in her literary imagination. Without setting up ‘silos’ of approach – thought and imagination, after all, are inextricably bound – I revisit the power of the literary imagination in the works of both Olive Schreiner and Douglas Blackburn against a context of contemporaneous ‘colonial fiction’: that is, against a context that accentuates, in contrast, the substance and seriousness of the two novelists on whom I focus. Can these two novelists be seen to chart a shift from the story of a colony to a ‘South African’ story? We may conclude, in any case, that between them Schreiner and Blackburn revisioned the colonial novel

Keywords: Schreiner, Blackburn, colonial South Africa, fiction, imagination/ideas, then/now
Composto orgânico à base de salvínia para a produção de mudas de grandiúva
Authors: Sousa Nereu Carvalho de , Lisboa Bruno , Vargas Luciano Kayser , Bordignon Sérgio , Beneduzi Anelise
Published: February 2021

Objetivou-se avaliar a eficiência de proporções de salvínia na composição de substrato para a produção de mudas de grandiúva. As características químicas do substrato foram melhoradas à medida que a proporção aumentou, resultando em uma redução de Al e aumento de pH, CTC, saturação de bases, teores de K, Ca, Mg, P e matéria orgânica. O crescimento das mudas de grandiúva foi influenciado pelos níveis de fertilidade do substrato. As maiores alturas de planta, diâmetros de caule, massa seca e acúmulo de macronutrientes foram verificadas nos tratamentos com 75% e 100% de composto orgânico.
Virginia Woolf’s “Blue & Green” revisited: Dimensions of the research space
Authors: Vorobyova Olga
Published: February 2021

This paper gives a survey of approaches to the analysis of Virginia Woolf’s “Blue & Green” (1921), a meditative sketch, a prose poem that belongs to experimental modernist prose, integrating various mimetic and diegetic techniques highlighting the issue of colour perception from its symbolic, eidetic, and intermedial perspectives tightly linked to the specificity of human imagination. The paper brings these research perspectives together, elaborating them to further introduce, in the forthcoming paper, a new vista of Woolf’s “Blue & Green” interpretation via the phenomenon of focus dissipation as a ludic narra­tive and/or mimetic technique based on text-driven attentional shifts.
Kulturowa artykulacja nowych idei miejskich
Authors: Rewers Ewa
Published: February 2021

The way in which cultural approach operates though disciplines of knowledge and urban theories is a central theme of this article. If cultural approach in urban studies worked largely through cultural turn ideas in the end of 20th century, recently works through reinterpreted and expanded concept of culture as a structure/infractructure of urban life. Reflecting the crisis of cultural turn in urban theory in 21st century some authors and disciplines became more interested in the study of the urban political economies, urban political ecology and critical urban theory. Research seeking to explore recent urban crisis as a result of climate changes, growing social inequality and lack of solidarity in global scale has unsurprisingly been diverse and varied. Analitically this moment is compelling because it emphasizes the weakness of cultural factors in the process of articulation of a new urban ideas. This, however, raises a question with respect to much of the most visible results of urban studies and urban theory: are its proponents inclined to accept again the offer of cultural oriented urban studies in terms of cultural materialism, eco-criticism, eco-philosophy, ethics and aesthetics? Are they ready to rethink the relationship between economic and extraeconomic causality in the conditions of global multilevel crisis? This article is therefore primarily a theoretical attempt to articulate how urban theory might be moulded by global urbanisation in crisis.
Czy miasto jeszcze może być szczęśliwe? Na marginesie książki Charlesa Montgomery’ego
Authors: Nieszczerzewska Małgorzata
Published: February 2021

The article deals with two main issues: (1) how to understand the crisis in the context of the city, (2) how to define “happy city” in the context of positive psychology. According to the book Happy City written by Charles Montgomery, the author tries to distinguish between two main conceptions of “happiness” (urban hedonism and urban eudaimonia) and tries to answer a question of what factors could make a city “happy” again. The brief analyses of cultural articulation of possible future of cities contains such issues as culture of crisis, social isolation, solitude in culture, ecocity and biophilic design.
Artywistyczne praktyki mapowania przeciw kryzysom. W stronę miejskiej potencjalności
Authors: Pankau Joanna
Published: February 2021

The article focuses on the artistic-activist practicies of mapping urban crises, asking about their critical and transformational potential. Artivistic mapping – combining artistic practices with a form of political activism – is recognized in context of extracting inequalities in monitoring crisis areas, as well as the city’s transformational capabilities. Looking at the involvement of artists and activists in mapping projects is combined with the question of the potential for anti-crisis action – shaping political perceptions and stimulating alternative practical responses to generated urban problems. The following issues are addressed: (1) counter-mapping and the relationship of artistic practices with critical cartography, (2) the development of activist mapping forms – maptivism and crisis mapping, and (3) references to the interests of new urban ontologies, in particular the on-epistemological dimension of urban mapping assemblage, binding issues of updating and the potential of cities. Mapping is recognized in the critical-activating dimension as a form of cognition oriented on creative experimentation and interference in existing reality. Because of this, it is an interesting and prolific area for practical consideration of the form of ‘engagement policy’ through ‘research of potentiality’. It is worth considering in what sense the practices of artistic and activist crisis mapping can be a “turning point” – opening “a window to new ways of seeing and imagining” (K. Dovey, M. Ristic). It is primarily a field for asking questions about transformational mapping possibilities – perceiving the city as a place of “radical potentiality” (C. McFarlane). In order to illustrate the problem more clearly, the last part of the work analyzes the anti-gentrification activities in the San Francisco Bay Area, in particular the mapping practices undertaken by Anti-Eviction Mapping Project.
Miasto jako dobro wspólne czy suma prywatnych własności? O polskiej kwestii miejskiej w kontekście działalności ruchów miejskich
Authors: Kubicki Paweł
Published: February 2021

The article discusses two ideas of the city in the Polish public discourse: the city as a commons and its antithesis – the city as the sum of private property. In the first part of the article, the author analyses the processes in which both ideas were developed. In the second part of the article the author analyses the role of Polish urban social movements, which are one of the few social actors that discussed the idea of the city as a commons when Polish public discourse was dominated by neoliberal dogmas in which the city was reduced to the sum of private property. In conclusion, according to Victor Turner’s concept of social change, the author analyses the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the reception of both ideas in Polish public discourse.
Pozorny kryzys własności. Współdzielony rower miejski – koniec konsumpcji czy utopia współdzielenia?
Authors: Krassowski Marcin , Młynarski Grzegorz
Published: February 2021

In the following article, we explore interconnections between using bicycle sharing systems and the personal approach to ownership as well as to such practices as shared use and borrowing. Based on primary, qualitative research conducted in march 2020 we claim that public bicycles – despite their history rooted in ideas of common use – are perceived as one of many services available within the city. Users see them as useful in a particular situation but do not associate them with shared use or the common good. Therefore we claim that bike-sharing systems – despite optimism – cannot be classified as part of the sharing economy. Based on users opinions they should be classified as part of access based or collaborative consumption.
Arche i arte. Prymarny dualizm z ducha muzyki
Authors: Szwajgier Krzysztof
Published: February 2021

The arche–arte dualism (concrete–abstract) is fundamental and basic, due to its universality and comprehensive generative function. This duality characterizes our actions in every dimension, and is thus necessarily involved in cognitive and creative acts. The “arteic” includes the categories of consciousness, consideration, calculation, ordering, knowledge, intellect, and artificiality. On the other hand, the “archeic” refers to that which is, in us, subconscious, eternal, primordial, innate, instinctive, and natural. When this basic duality is posited at the outset, it furnishes an analytical‑interpretative‑synthesizing tool that can be applied to diverse facts. The omnipresence and explanatory potential of the arche‑arte dualism are illustrated through musical examples. The dual nature of sound is thereby revealed to be a structural model for the subconscious sensations that music evokes in us.
Construção perifrástica andar a + infinitivo – um problema didático no caso dos alunos polacos
Authors: Drzazgowska Joanna
Published: February 2021

The article attempts to highlight the problems in teaching and learning of one Portuguese periphrastic aspect construction. The author will try to present the problem related to multiple possible meanings of the periphrasis as well as factors influencing the meaning. In addition, various Portuguese grammar manuals will be analysed for the presence of information regarding the periphrasis andar a + infinitive to determine whether the information is complete enough for the pupils to use the periphrasis in the proper context.
Problemas lingüísticos y extra lingüísticos en las traducciones española e italiana de la novela L’Élégance du hérisson de Muriel Barbery. Estudio de caso
Authors: Palomo Esther Gracia , Marangon Giorgia
Published: February 2021

Ever since Translatology became a discipline of its own, separated from Linguistics, the philologist-translator relationship, which we consider essential in the task of translation, has been split. This worrying lack of collaboration is what has led us to carry out this research, with which we intend to highlight the importance of working together in order to produce a translation. In this respect, our study focuses on the philological analysis and the translation results in Spanish and Italian of the novel L’élégance du hérisson (2006) by Muriel Barbery. After carrying out a comparative and a translatological analysis of some chapters of the novel, in order to observe how they have been adapted to the language and culture of the countries of arrival, we believe that it is essential to underline the importance and obligation on the part of the translators, especially when dealing with related languages, of a previous, detailed and philological study of the source text. The purpose of this work is to identify the obstacles, analyze the solutions provided by the translators, and finally offer alternative proposals in order to improve the target texts.
Gherasim Luca’s short prose: The objects of prey (first chapter)
Authors: Kornhauser Jakub
Published: February 2021

The paper continues “object-oriented” analysis of the most inspiring experiments in the Romanian Surrealism’s repertoire, notably in the short stories by Gherasim Luca, one of the movement’s leading representatives. His two books of poetic prose, published originally in the 1940s, could be interpreted as the emblematic example of Surrealist revolutionary tendencies in the field of new materialism. Such texts as The Kleptobject Sleeps or The Rubber Coffee become the laboratory of the object itself, gaining a new, unlimited identity in the platform of Surreality, where the human-like subject loses its status. Objects possess quasi-occult powers to initiate and control human’s desires. Therefore, Breton’s “revolution of the object” could concretize as literary praxis showing the way how contemporary “materialist turn” in anthropology deals with avant-garde theories.
Koncepcja państwa i władcy w myśli politycznej Pawła Orozjusza
Authors: Tomasiewicz Marcin
Published: February 2021

In this article, the author tries to present Paul Orosius’s political doctrine, taking its connection with the tradition of imperial theology of Eusebius of Caesarea and the philosophy of Augustine of Hippo as references. The main source material is the historiographic study of Orosius from the beginning of the 5th century – Seven Books of History Against the Pagans. The considerations focus on the interpretation of four key themes: the Roman Empire, monotheism, peace, and Christianity. Orosius shares the prevalent belief of Christian writers of the late antiquity, that God gives special protection to the Roman Empire. He emphasizes the importance of the peace that prevailed in the time of Augustus, and gives theological and political interpretation of the temporal coincidence of Octavian’s reign and Christ’s birth. On the basis of proper interpretation of symbolic historical events, Orosius built a kind of political ecclesiology. This doctrine advanced the principal that the Roman state and the Church were united by a common mission to promote the Christian faith. At the same time, in Book Seven, Orosius confronts an attempt at the historiosophical interpretation of barbarian invasions that threatened the prosperity of the empire. Based on factual material, he relativizes the relationship between the Roman Empire and Christianity. The state appears as a subsidiary power to the Church’s evangelizing mission, which concept is also reflected in the ethos of the good ruler proposed by Orosius.
Wizerunek sędziego w polskich utworach literackich i piśmiennictwie politycznym XVI i XVII stulecia
Authors: Górski Kacper
Published: February 2021

Since judges played a significant role in a justice system founded upon customary law and court praxis, it comes as no surprise that their conduct was widely commented on in 16th and 17th century Poland. The purpose of this article is to introduce a literary image of judges and their profession during a given period of time. In poetry and political works one could find either positive or negative impressions of an old-Polish judicial officer. The former was rather infrequent and usually performed the function of literary speculum of the profession, in which impartiality and fairness were emphasized the most. The latter was ubiquitous. Judges were repeatedly condemned for their favouritism and partisanship (especially towards moneyed or powerful interests), as well as their susceptibility to both bribery and undue leniency. No wonder the aphorism spread: “Laws are like cobwebs, which may catch small flies, but let wasps and hornets break through”. Unfortunately, the authors hardly ever provided readers with concrete remedies, but demanded most importantly improvement in virtue. The coexistence of the two different images of judges proves that the society of that time craved esteemed and highly regarded judicial officers, who, above all, were expected to be impartial and objective.