bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fluctuations saisonnières de la feuillaison des arbres et des buissons sahéliens. Conséquences pour la quantification des ressources fourragères
Authors: Hiernaux P.H.Y. , Cissé M.I. , Diarra L. , De Leeuw P.N.
Published: February 2021

Les auteurs analysent la saisonnalité de la feuillaison de 28 espèces ligneuses sahéliennes afin de caractériser les disponibilités saisonnières en feuillage fourrager ainsi que leurs variations interannuelles. Pour chacune des espèces, des branchettes de même calibre ont été échantillonnées chaque mois entre 1979 et 1992, dans une ou plusieurs populations dont les sites sont répartis tout le long du gradient bioclimatique sahélien du Mali. Cinq groupes d'espèces ont été caractérisés par le régime saisonnier de leur feuillaison. Trois rassemblent des espèces caducifoliées distinguées entre elles par la durée de cette période; deux regroupent des espèces sempervirentes distinguées par la date de renouvellement du feuillage. Les variations de densité foliaire inter-sites et interannuelles sont quantifiées, leur écologie est étudiée par analyses de variance. On démontre ainsi que la densité maximale de feuillaison au cours de l'année dépend avant tout des infiltrations hydriques accumulées dans le sol au cours de l'année précédente. En conclusion, il est proposé de tenir compte de cette saisonnalité et de ces fluctuations interannuelles dans l'évaluation des ressources fourragères apportées par les plantes ligneuses et, plus généralement, dans toute quantification du rôle des ligneux dans l'écosystème sahélien.
Premier cas d'adénomatose chez une brebis en Tunisie
Authors: Amara A. , Jemli M.H. , Boutouria Manoubia , Chetoui C.
Published: February 2021

Les auteurs décrivent un cas typique d'adénomatose associée à une lésion parasitaire chez une brebis. Ils montrent l'importance de l'examen histologique dans le diagnostic de cette maladie et confirment sa présence en Tunisie.
Modifications hématologiques observées chez des brebis infectées expérimentalement par Trypanosoma brucei
Authors: Ogunsanmi A.O. , Akpavie S.O. , Anosa V.O.
Published: February 2021

Des modifications des valeurs hématologiques ont été observées chez des brebis de la race Naine de l'Afrique de l'Ouest infectées par Trypanosoma brucei. La maladie avait pour caractéristique une anémie normochrome normocytique en phase aiguë, et une macrocytose sévère en phase chronique. D'après les modifications hématologiques observées, l'érythropoïèse était insuffisante en phase aiguë, alors qu'en phase chronique elle était plus élevée, mais néanmoins insuffisante, conduisant à une anémie persistante. La numération leucocytaire était normale durant la phase aiguë, tandis que la leucocytose était une caractéristique constante de la phase chronique
The structure and content of kinesitherapy for osteoarthritis of the knee joint
Authors: Mukina Ekaterina Y. , Savelyev Artem V.
Published: February 2021

The restoration of the knee joint function in osteoarthritis is currently a serious problem, despite the list of biomechanical and pharmacotherapeutic methods used. In old age, there is a decrease in compensatory capabilities. When compiling a complex of kinesitherapeutic measures with elderly women, concomitant diseases and the degree of physical fitness were necessarily taken into account. The level of loads was determined taking into account individual characteristics. An obligatory condition before the beginning of the exercise in women was measured heart rate and blood pressure. The methods included classes on specialized simulators, when performing the exercises, the basic principles should be followed: the weight of the burden was determined based on the calculation of 15–20 repetitions; performing exercises with the same burden for a long time (if the weight is chosen incorrectly) in the health aspect is impractical, when performing strength exercises, the emphasis should be on correct breathing and accuracy of movements. In the process of conducting classes, it is necessary to monitor the dynamics of the growth of weights and monitor the physical condition of women.
Theoretical and practical aspects of preventive work in the fight against drug addiction
Authors: Platonova Yana V. , Paramonov Andrey V. , Korablev Yurii Y. , Krasnoslobodtseva Marina V.
Published: February 2021

The aim of the work is to study the theoretical and practical aspects of the emergence of drug addiction, types of preventive work in the fight against drug addiction, the peculiarities of its spread among adolescents. An assessment of the development of the drug situation in the Tambov Region for 2019 is given. According to the totality of criteria, the situation in the region is tense. The most difficult state is noted according to the following criteria: the proportion of drug-related crimes in the total number of registered criminal acts (“pre-crisis”); involvement of drug users in drug trafficking (“heavy”); criminality of drug addiction (“satisfactory”); the proportion of persons convicted of drug-related crimes in the total number of convicted persons (“heavy”); the proportion of young people in the total number of persons convicted of drug offenses (“tense”). The drug market of the Tambov Region is represented by synthetic drugs and their analogues, drugs of the cannabis group (marijuana, hashish), heroin. The main methods of the preventive fight against drug addiction in the Tambov Region are listed. Presumptive trends in drug trafficking associated with the use of “non-contact” methods of selling drugs, further merging of drug-related crime with cybercrime, involvement of non-drug users in drug trafficking, as well as an increase in the number of drug addicts among minors are indicated.
Goals and potential of study the rebel corps commanders of the Civil War
Authors: Posadskiy Anton V.
Published: February 2021

The necessity of further study of the people’s leaders during the Civil War is argued and the main tasks and directions of research work are proposed. The need to study the family circle of partisan and rebel leaders in the context of the demographic situation in Russia is assessed. Considerations are given on the importance of a comprehensive study of their biographies in order to understand the motives and possibilities of participation in the Civil War. Attention is drawn to the frequent situation of the leadership of brothers in the rebel movement. Estimates of the military abilities of the people’s leaders and their orientation are proposed. Perspective archives for the development of the topic are indicated. The importance of the rebel ego-documents is noted, of which there are relatively few, but research work with them is promising. The importance of ethnic and gender aspects of popular leadership is emphasized. The phenomenon of psychological kinship of people of the same environment, separated by military-political confrontation, is emphasized. Attention is paid to the party and political affiliation of the military leaders of the Civil War and their perception by their subordinates, population, descendants. The question is raised about how politically sophisticated were the military leaders of the civil strife. Thus, a scheme for studying the phenomenon of popular military and political leadership in the Civil War is proposed, based on available sources and a wide range of biographical data.
CORRELATION BETWEEN HORMONAL STATUS OF ESTROGEN RECEPTOR AND MALIGNANCY DEGREE OF INVASIVE DUCTAL BREAST CANCER
Authors: Trisna Windy Ayustyas , Sahudi Sahudi , Kusumastuti Etty Hary
Published: February 2021

Background:  Globocan data in 2018 shows the cancer incidence in Indonesia. The highest case in women is breast cancer. The chance of survival for patients with high malignancy (Grade III) is only 11.86%, while for patients with low malignancy (Grade I) can reach 71.69%. Estrogen exposure is a risk factor for breast cancer. The hormone causes its effect through the estrogen receptor which is a core protein. Patients with positive receptor have 5 and 10 years survival rate which is better than patients with negative estrogen receptor. Objective:  To identify the correlation between hormonal status of estrogen receptor and malignancy degree of invasive ductal breast cancer.  Material and Method:  This research is an observational analytic study. The sample used was patient medical record data in 2015-2017 in Anatomical Pathology Unit, Central Laboratory Installation, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital.  Results:  The data used was 694 patients medical record in 2015-2017. Approximately 56 patients (86%) had hormonal status of positive estrogen receptor with grade I cancer, 180 patients (70%) were in grade II, and 217 patients (45%) were in grade III. Approximately 9 patients (14%) had hormonal status of negative estrogen receptor with grade I cancer, 71 patients (28%) were in grade II, and 161 patients (34%) were in grade III. The result using Chi-Square test found Chi-Square value in the amount of 27.413 with a significance value of 0.000 (p <0.01).  Conclusion:  There is a positive correlation between the hormonal status of estrogen receptor and malignancy degree of invasive ductal breast cancer.
PELATIHAN KEMAMPUAN BERFIKIR SEBAGAI KETERAMPILAN MELALUI KONSEP KNOWLEDGE CONVERGENCE PADA KOMUNITAS PENGEMBANG APLIKASI DI DILO DEPOK
Authors:   Fakultas Ilmu sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, Abdullah Ahmad Zakki , Supratman Supratman , Fatkhuri Fatkhuri
Published: February 2021

Pengembangan apps memerlukan sebuah pendekatan yang partisipatif melalui upaya kolaboratif untuk mencapai tujuannya. Upaya ini adalah menggabungkan beberapa aspek seperti Bisnis, seni dan teknis yang mana sebuah fenomena yang dikenal dengan knowledge convergence. Melalui pengabdian masyarakat ini diharapkan para pegembang apps mampu mengaplikasikan beberapa kaedah dalam keterampilan berfikir yakni kritis dan kreatif untuk mampu meliputi masalah yang rumit yang memerlukan evauasi pada sudut pandang tertentu dalam mengkaji dan menyelesaikan masalah. Pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan di DiLO Depok untuk memenuhi kebutuhan tentang knowledege management pada komunitas pengembang aplikasi (apps). Konsep yang digunakan dalam pelatihan ini adalah Knowledge management dan kolaborasi melalui berfikir kreatif dan kritis pada proses bergagasan (ideation) hingga muncul inovasi.
Pengembangan Program Pecahan Linier dengan Transformasi Aljabar
Authors: Reynaldo Bobby , Widyati Ratna , Irzal Med
Published: February 2021

Abstrak Penyelesaian program pecahan linier pada penelitian ini menggunakan transformasi secara aljabar menjadi bentuk program linier yang lebih mudah didefi- nisikan. Setelah menjadi bentuk program linier kemudian diselesaikan menggu- nakan metode simpleks direvisi yang memiliki kelebihan dalam mengindentifi- kasi kasus khusus. Hasil optimal yang telah didapat ditransformasikan kembali dalam bentuk program pecahan linier. Juga dibuat sebuah aplikasi penyele- saiannya menggunakan metode tersebut untuk membantu perhitungan dengan cepat. Dari hasil pengujian untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan program pecahan linier dengan 10 variabel, 10 fungsi kendala, dan 10 kali iterasi, aplikasi mampu menyelesaikan seluruh proses hanya sekitar 0.026 detik. Kata kunci : Optimasi, program pecahan linier, rasio, transformasi, program linier, metode simpleks direvisi.
Peramalan Indeks Harga Saham Gabungan (IHSG) dengan Metode Extreme Learning Machine (ELM)
Authors: Arifianty Afifah , Mulyono Mulyono , Irzal Med
Published: February 2021

Abstrak

Indeks Harga Saham Gabungan (IHSG) merupakan suatu nilai untuk mengukur kinerja seluruh saham. IHSG mencerminkan perkembangan pasar secara keseluruhan. Jika IHSG mengalami kenaikan dari hari kemarin maka dapat disimpulkan beberapa saham yang berada pada bursa efek mengalami kenaikan. Oleh karena itu, peramalan harga akan sangat bermanfaat untuk para investor, sehingga mereka dapat mengetahui prospek investasi saham di masa datang. Ada banyak metode untuk peramalan. Tetapi, metode-metode yang telah ada sebelumnya membutuhkan waktu komputasi yang relatif lebih lama. Metode Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan(JST) dikhawatirkan akan semakin ditinggalkan karena diperlukan waktu yang lama dalam pengambilan keputusan. Untuk mengatasi masalah, Huang (2004) menemukan sebuah metode pembelajaran dalam JST bernama Extreme Learning Machine (ELM). ELM merupakan jaringan syaraf tiruan feedforward dengan satu hidden layer atau lebih dikenal dengan istilah Single hidden Layer Feedforward neural Networks(SLFNs) (Sun et al, 2008). Pada metode ini, faktor yang digunakan dalam peramalan hanya faktor data masa lalu, bukan disebabkan faktor lain seperti politik, ekonomi dan lain-lain.

Kata kunci: Indeks Harga Saham Gabungan, Peramalan, Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan, Extreme Learning Machine.
The Impact of National Health Insurance Coverage on Compliance With Positive Airway Pressure Therapy in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Choi Woori , Bae Mirye , Chung Yoosam
Published: February 2021

Objectives. Compliance with positive airway pressure (PAP) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) directly affects its treatment efficacy. Since July 2018, polysomnography and PAP therapy have been covered by the National Health Insurance (NHI), which has reduced the price barrier and promoted PAP therapy in Korea. This study aimed to compare changes in PAP compliance before and after NHI implementation.Methods. This study is a retrospective analysis in a tertiary hospital setting in Korea. From 2011 to 2019, patients with OSA (apnea-hypopnea index ≥5) treated using a PAP device for ≥1 month were included. They were classified as belonging to the pre-insurance (PI) group (having started PAP before July 2018) or the NHI group (having received a PAP reimbursement by the NHI service). We collected and analyzed medical records and PAP use information for between-group comparisons of compliance. We defined compliance as the percentage of usage days, the percentage of days with usage for ≥4 night hours, and average daily usage hours.Results. We included 146 and 100 patients in the PI and NHI groups, respectively. Automatic PAP mode and NHI were independent predictors of compliance B at the 3- and 9-month follow-up points. The NHI group showed significantly higher compliance A at 3, but not 9 months. For compliance B, the NHI group showed significantly higher compliance than the PI group at 1 month and 3 months, but not at 9 months. Compared with the PI group, the NHI group showed significantly higher compliance C only at 3 months.Conclusion. The NHI has positively affected PAP therapy in patients with OSA. Insurance policy may affect compliance within the first 3 months of PAP therapy.
Development of a Latex Agglutination Test for Detecting Pathogenic Burkholderia and its Approbation in the Endemic Regions of Vietnam
Authors: Frolov D. M. , Teteryatnikova N. N. , Bui T. L.A. , Zakharova I. B. , Khrapova N. P.
Published: February 2021

The aim of the work was development of a monoclonal antibody-based latex agglutination test to identify the causative agent of melioidosis, and the approbation of a freeze-dried experimental preparation for screening of environmental bacterial isolates in Vietnam.

Materials and methods. The carriers of specific antibodies were polyacrolein latex particles with active aldehyde groups on the surface. Typical strains of the causative agents of melioidosis and glanders with a full-fledged antigenic structure, as well as the strains Burkholderia thailandensis, Burkholderia cepacia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Pseudomonas putida were used to control the test specificity. The latex agglutination reaction was carried out on plastic Petri dishes with daily bacterial cultures, from which suspensions were prepared at a concentration of 1–2·109 m.c./ml. The results of the reaction were registered visually for 5–8 min using a 4-cross system against a dark background under lighting. The reaction to 3–4 crosses was recorded as positive. Colonies suspected of belonging to pathogenic Burkholderia from primary inoculations were transferred to L-agar with polymyxin B and grown for 36 hours at (37±1) °C. The species of the selected suspicious colonies was determined by multiplex PCR.

Results and discussion. With collection strains, latex test demonstrated high sensitivity agglutinating 97.7 % of B. pseudomallei and all B. mallei strains. At the same time, it was negative with B. thailandensis, B. cepacia, P. aeruginos and P. putida. In microbiological screening of bacterial cultures isolated from environmental objects, the latex test had a diagnostic sensitivity of 89.4 %. Using the latex test at the stage of primary screening, it is possible to significantly reduce the time when processing a lot of samples received for analysis, as well as to reduce the consumption of reagents used at the subsequent stages of identification.
Comparative Analysis of Features of Epizootiological and Epidemic Situation and Risk of Rabies Infection in the Russian Federation in Early XXI Century
Authors: Poleshchuk E. M. , Sidorov G. N.
Published: February 2021

The review provides an analysis of the current rabies epidemic situation in the Russian Federation and describes the dynamics of epizootic indicators, such as the epizootic index and infection density. The risk of rabies infection and the characteristics of the epizootic process in various regions of the country were studied. In 2012–2018 in comparison with 2000–2011, a 1.5–fold decrease in the activity of the epizootic process was noted, despite the expansion of the virus areal. The decrease in human hydrophobia morbidity in reference to the long-term average of 3–5 times was revealed. An increase in the value of the dog, cat and raccoon dog in human infection and a decrease of the fox role in this process have been established. The risk of rabies infection remained in almost all regions of the country. During 2012–2018 safe regions were the Arkhangelsk, Murmansk, Irkutsk, Sakhalin, Kamchatka Territory. In the Kaliningrad Region, animal cases have stopped since 2013 due to the successful use of oral vaccination of wild predators as an effective method of combating natural foci of rabies. In 2019, 3 lethal cases of lissavirus infection were recorded: two after bat bites in the Amur Region and Primorsky Territory, and one in the Moscow Region imported from Tajikistan after a dog bite. Typical cases of rabies in Russia associated with terrestrial mammals were not detected in 2019.
Analysis of Cellular Component Indicators of Immune Status of Rhesus Macaques
Authors: Borisevich G. V. , Kirillova S. L. , Sidorova O. N. , Lebedev V. N. , Petrov A. A. , Ovchinnikov A. V. , Shatokhina I. V. , Sizikova T. E. , Sazonov V. E. , Mukhacheva E. S. , Borisevich S. V.
Published: February 2021

Objective. Selection of indicators of lymphocyte populations in rhesus macaques determined by flow cytometry to evaluate variations of cellular constituent of their immune status.

Materials and methods. Blood of 11 healthy rhesus macaque males, 2,0–2,5 years old, weighing 2,5–3,0 kg, was used. Monkeys were examined simultaneously in each of 7 months of observation (since May till November). Immunophenotyping was conducted by FC500 cytofluorimeter using Affymetrix eBioscience monoclonal antibodies. The following cellular constituent indicators of immune status were differentiated: total T lymphocytes (phenotype CD2+CD20-); total B lymphocytes (phenotype CD2-CD20+); natural killer cells (phenotype CD2+CD56+); T helper cells (phenotype CD2+CD4+); cytotoxic T lymphocytes (phenotype CD2+CD8+); double-positive T lymphocytes (phenotype CD4+CD8+) and T lymphocytes positive by antigens CD2 and CD20 (phenotype CD2+CD20+).

Results and discussion. Statistical analysis of the obtained results revealed the absence of the effect of research time factor on the stated indicators. To assess changes in the cellular constituent of immune status of rhesus macaques, it is possible to use indicators that are less variable: total T and B lymphocytes, T helper cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes and T lymphocytes with phenotype (CD2+CD20+). The use of CD56 as a marker of natural killer cells of rhesus macaques is impractical due to its low expression and a small size of the population bearing this marker. The research results may form the basis of the normative indicators of the subpopulation cell composition of immune system in rhesus macaques, which will allow the study of infected animals when assessing the quality of medical products in relation to dangerous and particularly dangerous infections.
Effectiveness of the “Sterius 60” SHF Radiation Installation for Disinfection of Objects Contaminated with PBA of Groups I–IV, when Working with Infected Biomodels
Authors: Germanchuk V. G. , Semakova A. P. , Lobovikova O. A. , Gordeeva M. V. , Shavina N. Yu. , Morozov K. M. , Devdariani Z. L. , Mironova N. P.
Published: February 2021

The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of using the “Sterius 60” microwave disinfection system (Russia) for decontamination of objects infected with PBA of groups I–IV emerging as a result of working with infected laboratory animals.

Materials and methods. Effectiveness verification of disinfection of biological waste generated as a result of the life of laboratory animals by SHF radiation was carried out in the microwave system “Sterius 60”, recommended by the manufacturer for disinfection of epidemiologically hazardous and extremely dangerous medical waste, including biological ones (classes B and C), by volumetric SHF heating. Carcasses of uninfected laboratory animals (white mice, Guinea pigs, suckling rabbits), granulated feed and bedding material (wood shavings), which are objects directly in contact with biomodels, were used as vivarium waste to be decontaminated. The following microorganisms were utilized as model test ones: Bacillus subtilus VKM B-911, Bacillus stearothermophilus VKM B-718, Bacillus licheniformis G VKM B-1711-D, Alcaligenes faecalis 415, Yersinia pestis EV, Bacillus anthracis STI. Laboratory utensils (plastic Petri dishes, porcelain mortars and pestles) were used as a mock-up chamber filler for model test microorganisms.

Results and discussion. As a result of the study, data were obtained indicating that the microwave system for disinfection of medical waste “Sterius 60” is ineffective for decontamination of biological waste in laboratories working with biomodels infected with PBA of groups I–II. The established standard mode of disinfection of this system was effective only for non-spore forms of microorganisms, pathogenicity groups III–IV. Therefore, in our opinion, it is advisable to use it for decontamination of laboratory utensils infected with PBA of groups III–IV, directly at sites of waste generation.
Comparative Genetic Analysis of Yersinia pestis Strains Isolated on the Ukok Plateau and other Territories of the Altai Mountains
Authors: Eroshenko G. A. , Balykova A. N. , Krasnov Ya. M. , Naryshkina E. A. , Rozhdestvensky E. N. , Bazarova G. Kh. , Denisov A. V. , Oglodin E. G. , Shavina N. Yu. , Martsokha K. S. , Kutyrev V. V.
Published: February 2021

The aim of the study was molecular-genetic identification and analysis of the phylogenetic relationship of Yersinia pestis strains isolated on the Ukok Plateau in 2020, in order to establish the current boundaries of the natural mega focus of plague in the Altai Mountains in Russia and Mongolia.

Materials and methods. 37 strains of Y. pestis of the main subspecies isolated in the Tuva mountain and Gorno-Altai high-mountain plague foci and adjacent territories of Mongolia in 1971–2020 were studied. The whole genome sequencing of the strains was performed using the Ion S5 XL System (Thermo Fischer Scientific). Ion Torrent Suite software package 5.12 and Newbler gsAssembler 2.6 were used to process the data and assemble de novo the sequences of raw reads. The average size of the collected genome was 4.55 million base pairs. Core SNPs were detected by aligning the contigs of Y. pestis strains on the CO92 genome using the Snippy 4.6 program, then 28 SNP homoplasies were removed. The resulting set of SNPs contained only the core region of the genome (955 SNPs). The dendrogram was constructed using the Maximum Likelihood method applying the PhyML 3.1 program.

Results and discussion. The current population structure of Y. pestis of the main subspecies, antique biovar, phylogenetic line 4.ANT, endemic to the foci of the Altai Mountains in Russia and Mongolia has been determined. The presence of 4.ANT-21 clone, which became widespread in the territory of these natural foci of plague at the begining of the XXI century, was revealed. It is shown that three strains isolated on the Ukok Plateau in 2020 belong to clone 4.ANT-21. According to phylogenetic analysis, evidence of 4.ANT circulation on the Ukok Plateau before 2018 was obtained. The lesson that has been learned is that it is necessary to study the territories of Mongolia, Kazakhstan and China bordering the Ukok Plateau in order to establish the current boundaries of the 4.ANT mega focus.
Islamic Legal Modernism and Women's Emancipation in Tunisia
Authors: Ismail Zulfikar , Hasan Maisyarah Rahmi
Published: February 2021

The article aims to analyze the role of modern interpretations of Sharia on women's emancipation in Tunisia. Even though Tunisia is a Muslim country influenced by the Maliki school of thought, its social, cultural, and political conditions are conducive to women's emancipation efforts. This condition was created partly by the government's efforts to adopt Sharia's modern interpretation in Tunisia. Efforts to modernize Islamic law through state law have been going on for a long time and are consistent. Islamic legal modernism is evidenced by the Constitution, which guarantees women's equal rights, manifested in state law and policies. A case in point is family law in Tunisia that prohibits the practice of polygyny, gives equal share of the inheritance, and punishes perpetrators of domestic and sexual violence against women. Modern interpretations of Sharia have resulted in Islamic law that is more gender-friendly and maximizes women's potential in Tunisia's public sector. As a result, women's political participation in Tunisia is very high: they occupy many Parliament seats and high government bureaucracy positions. The condition of equality of women in Tunisia is far different from that of its compatriots in the middle east and north African countries, which are still influenced by conservative Islamic law interpretations.Keywords: Islamic legal modernism, women's Emancipation, polygyny prohibition, sexual harassment
Implementation of Digital Project Management for Construction and Operation of Energy-Efficient Residential Buildings
Authors: Grakhov V. P. , Kuznecov A. L. , Kislyakova Yu. G. , Simakova U. F. , Knyazeva Y. O.
Published: February 2021

The paper considers an issue of transition to digital management technologies in the field of construction and housing and communal services in Russia, as well as in other countries. An optimization methodology for the application of  the digital  economy  has been developed using  the example of  the existing  real  estate  management  system in the  Stolichny Microdistrict of Izhevsk city (Udmurt Republic, Russian Federation). The existing and developed new projects of digital technologies are described, the introduction of which will increase the efficiency of the construction and operation of residential buildings. A methodology has been formed for creating an optimization mathematical model for managing construction and operation projects of energy-efficient residential buildings. Prerequisites and a scheme for the joint implementation of this model and digital technologies are given to improve the quality of construction and operation of residential buildings. The paper proposes a phased methodology for the introduction of digital technologies in urban planning, as well as in the field of housing and communal services within the framework of the national program “Digital Economy of the Russian Federation”. The advantages of using block-chain technology in the management of projects for the construction and operation of energy-efficient residential buildings have been studied in the paper. The application of the developed methods that meet the needs of participants in construction activities, as well as the housing and utilities sector, will improve the efficiency of not only the management system for the construction and operation of energy-efficient residential buildings, but also the overall effectiveness of the introduction of digital management in real estate. The proposed ABRIS software can be used in housing and communal services to optimize and track the expenditure of resources vital for a comfortable living of the population.
La explicación del riesgo de sequía en la Geografía escolar: una exploración desde los manuales escolares de Ciencias Sociales (Educación Primaria)
Authors: Morote Seguido Álvaro Francisco
Published: February 2021

En la región mediterránea uno de los principales riesgos naturales son las sequías. Este fenómeno se ha agravado en las últimas décadas debido al incremento de la vulnerabilidad asociadas a actividades humanas y, según los escenarios futuros de cambio climático, se prevé que aumente la peligrosidad (mayor intensidad y frecuencia de los periodos secos). El objetivo de este trabajo es llevar a cabo un análisis de cómo se explica el riesgo de sequía en los manuales escolares de Ciencias Sociales (3er ciclo de Educación Primaria) en la Comunidad Valenciana (España). A partir de la consulta de estos recursos (las 5 editoriales más utilizadas), los resultados obtenidos indican que esta temática adquiere una escasa atención, sin definir el concepto de sequía y siendo una de las principales causas actuales a este fenómeno el cambio climático. Y respecto a las imágenes, estas se caracterizan por presentar una imagen catastrófica y descontextualizada con los contenidos. Por lo tanto, estos fenómenos tan característicos del clima mediterráneo se explican de una forma vulgar y donde el ser humano (factor vulnerabilidad) no tiene un protagonismo en la incidencia del riesgo.
The Effect of a Mindfulness-Based Stress Intervention On Neurobiological and Symptom Measures in Adolescents With Early Life Stress: A Randomized Feasibility Study
Authors: Cohen Zsofia , Cosgrove Kelly , Akeman Elisabeth , Coffey Sara , Teague Kent , Hays-Grudo Jennifer , Paulus Martin , Aupperle Robin , Kirlic Namik
Published: February 2021

Background: Early life stress (ELS) has been linked to poor mental and physical health outcomes in adolescence and adulthood. Mindfulness reduces symptoms of depression and anxiety and improves cognitive and social outcomes in both youth and adults. However, little is known whether mindfulness can mitigate against the adverse neurobiological and psychological effects of ELS. This study aimed to examine the feasibility of conducting a group mindfulness intervention in adolescents with ELS and provide preliminary indication of potential effects on stress-related biomarkers and mental health symptoms.Methods: Forty adolescents were randomized to receive either eight sessions of Mindfulness- Based Stress Reduction for Teens in group format (MBSR-T; n = 21) or Treatment as Usual Control group (CTRL; n = 17). Outcomes were assessed at baseline and follow-up and included measures associated with neurobiological functioning (immune and endocrine biomarkers) and self-reported mental health (depressive) symptoms. Linear mixed effects models were used to assess the effects of group and time on these outcome measures.Results: Sixteen of the 21 adolescents completed the intervention, attending an average of 6.5 sessions. The model examining cortisol responses to stress induction revealed medium effects trending toward significance (Cohen’s d = .56) for anticipatory cortisol levels in the MBSR-T relative to CTRL groups. No significant effects were found in models examining C-reactive protein or interleukin 6 inflammatory markers. The model examining depressive symptoms revealed a medium effect for symptom reduction (Cohen’s d = .69) in the MBSR-T relative to CTRL groups. Conclusions: This study demonstrated feasibility of conducting a group-based MBSR intervention for adolescents with ELS. There was some evidence for efficacy on a symptom level 73 with potential subtle changes on a biological level. Future larger studies are needed to determine 74 the efficacy of group-based mindfulness interventions in this population.Trial Registration: www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier #NCT03633903, registered 16/08/2018.
Design of a 3D Printed Tagging System to Improve Accessibility in Medical Education
Authors: Carter Yasmin , Mangiameli Daniel J.
Published: February 2021

Anatomy, one of the cornerstones of medical education is often subject to testing in a practical manner utilizing tagged specimen-based exams. The design and production of 3D printed tags described here offers a unique ability to design in factors that support students with visual and learning disabilities. The lack of commercially available tags that can withstand the rigors and chemical exposure within this specific environment make the creation of this novel intervention vital to a great number of facilities. This report outlines the iterative process in creating a successful tag and the specifications needed to repeat the project. The success of these tags will impact students for years to come.
Pregnancy Complicated With Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Preterm Birth: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zheng Shuisen , Zhang Huale , Chen Rongxin , Yan Jianying , Han Qing
Published: February 2021

Background: We aimed to investigate whether maternal chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects preterm birth（PTB) in pregnant women. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed HBV-infected and non-infected pregnant women attending antenatal care at Fujian Provincial Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, China between January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2018. Participants were divided into HBV infection (n = 1302) and control (n = 12813) groups. We compared baseline data, pregnancy and perinatal complications, and preterm delivery outcomes between groups and performed subgroup comparisons and multiple logistics regression analysis to adjust for confounding factors. Results: The incidence of PTBs before 37 weeks was similar between the groups. PTBs before 34 weeks were significantly more among the HBV infection group than among the controls (1.6% VS. 0.8% ; P = 0.003) After adjusting for confounding factors through logistics regression, HBV infection was found to be an independent PTB risk factor before 34 weeks gestation (adjusted odds ratio 1.796; 95% confidence interval[1.071, 3.012]). According to the subgroup analysis based on whether hepatitis B e-antigen (HBeAg) was positive and whether alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were normal during the second trimester, PTB was more frequent in HBeAg negative HBV infection before 34 weeks than among controls(1.8% VS. 0.8%). The PTB rate for pregnant women with normal ALT and HBV infection before 34 weeks was higher than that of the controls (1.6% VS. 0.8%) Conclusion HBV infection is an independent risk factor for PTB before 34 weeks. Comprehensive programs focusing on pregnant women with HBV infection would reduce the incidence of adverse outcomes.
The Effect of Preemptive Local Anesthesia on Postoperative Pain Following Vaginal Hysterectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Feldstein Ohad , Barber Elad , Tamayev Liliya , Condrea Alexander , Grinstein Ehud , Sagiv Ron , Wolfson Inna , Bar Jacob , Ginath Shimon , Gluck Ohad
Published: February 2021

Introduction: The effect of local anesthesia on postoperative pain, in operations performed vaginally has been scarcely studied. Although the results were encouraging, the studies populations were relatively small, and the indications for hysterectomy were not homogenous.We aimed to study the effect of preemptive local anesthetic on postoperative pain following vaginal hysterectomy.Methods: This was a double-blinded, randomized, controlled trial. Women who undergone elective vaginal hysterectomy were included. Solutions of either Bupivacaine-Hydrochloride 0.5%, or Sodium-Chloride 0.9% as a placebo, were prepared prior to surgery, according to randomization. The chosen solution was injected before incision, in a circumferential manner, to the cervix. The amount of fluid administered was 10 ml. When colporrhaphy was also performed, an additional 5 ml of solution were injected in the midline of the vaginal wall prior to each incision line. We conformed to the CONSORT recommendations.By utilizing the 10 cm Visual-analogue-scale (VAS) we assessed post-operative pain at rest at 3, 8, and 24 hours, and during ambulation at 8 and 24 hours.Results: A total of 30 women were included in each group. The level of postoperative pain, as assessed by VAS, was not significantly different between the groups, in all points of time. In addition, there was no difference between the groups in opioid based analgesics during recovery, nor in postoperative analgesic use.Conclusion: Preemptive local anesthesia was not shown to be efficient in reducing postoperative pain after vaginal hysterectomy.
Descriptor-Free QSAR: Effectiveness and Screening for Putative Inhibitors of FGFR1
Authors: Sulaimon Lateef , Joel Ireoluwa , Adigun Temidayo , Adisa Rahmat , Samuel Titilola , Ademoye Taiwo , Ogunleye Moyosore
Published: February 2021

The effectiveness of descriptors-utilizing quantitative structure-activity relationship models in drug design remains limited by the quality of descriptors used in training, this then raises the question: can QSAR models be directly trained on compound SMILES? Long short-term memory (LSTM) algorithm has been employed to answer this question however, direct application remain scarce. The effectiveness of a descriptor-free QSAR (LSTM-SM) in modeling FGFR1 inhibitors dataset while comparing with two conventional QSAR using descriptors (126bits Morgan fingerprint and 2D descriptors respectively) was investigated in this study. The validated descriptor-free QSAR model was thereafter used to screen for active FGFR1 inhibitors in ChemDiv database and subjected to molecular docking, induced-fit docking, and QM-MM optimization to filter for compounds with high binding affinity and suggest putative mechanism of inhibition and specificity. The LSTM-SM model, when compared with the conventional QSAR models, performed better having accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity of 0.92, model loss of 0.025 and AUC of 0.95.Fifteen thousand compounds were predicted as actives from the ChemDiv database and four compounds finally selected. Of the four, three showed putatively effective binding interactions with key active site residues and were also effective against acquired resistance due to gateway residue mutations. The advent of self-feature extracting machine learning algorithms, therefore, has provided the possibility of better predictive model quality that is not necessarily limited by compound descriptors thus we apply this approach in discovering putatively active FGFR1 inhibitors and elucidated putative mechanism of inhibition and specificity for the obtained compounds.
Relationship Between Unbound Bilirubin Levels and Acute Bilirubin Encephalopathy in Exchange Transfusion Neonates
Authors: Ding Yiyi , Wang Shuo , Guo Rui , Zhang Aizhen , Zhu Yufang
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND: Evidence regarding the relationship between unbound bilirubin levels and acute bilirubin encephalopathy was limited. Therefore, this study set out to investigate whether the unbound bilirubin level was independently related to acute bilirubin encephalopathy in children who underwent exchange transfusion after adjusting for other covariates. METHODS: A total of 46 neonates who underwent exchange transfusion were involved in The First People's Hospital Of Changde City in China from 2016-1-1 to 2018-12-31. The target independent variable and the dependent variable were unbound bilirubin levels measured at baseline and acute bilirubin encephalopathy respectively. Covariates involved in this study included sex, age, birth weight, blood glucose, red blood cell, hemolysis, receive phototherapy before exchange transfusion. RESULTS: The average gestational age of 46 selected participants was 38.6 ± 1.3 weeks old, the average age was 146.5 ± 86.9 hours old, 52.17% of them were male. Result of fully-adjusted binary logistic regression showed unbound bilirubin levels were positively associated with risk of acute bilirubin encephalopathy after adjusting confounders (Odds ratio = 1.41, 95% confidence intervals 1.05-1.91, P value <0.05). CONCLUSION: Unbound bilirubin levels are associated with neonatal acute bilirubin encephalopathy. The mechanism of unbound bilirubin levels leading to neonatal acute bilirubin encephalopathy needs to be further explored.
Genome-Wide Analysis Reveals a RhlA-Dependent Modulation of Flagellar Genes in Pseudomonas Aeruginosa PAO1
Authors: Castro Michele , Dias Graciela Maria , Salles Tiago , Cabral Núbia , Mariano Danielly , Oliveira Hadassa , Abdelhay Eliana , Gomes Renata , Neves Bianca
Published: February 2021

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen and an important model organism for the study of bacterial group behaviors, including cell motility and biofilm formation. Rhamnolipids play a pivotal role on biofilm formation and motility phenotypes in P. aeruginosa, possibly acting as wetting agents and mediating chemotactic stimuli. However, no biochemical mechanism or gene regulatory network has been investigated in regard to rhamnolipids’ modulation of those group behaviors. Results: Using DNA microarrays, we investigated the transcriptomic profiles in the stationary phase of growth of wild-type P. aeruginosa PAO1 and a rhlA-mutant strain, unable to produce rhamnolipids. A total of 134 genes were differentially expressed, comprising different functional categories, indicating a significant physiological difference between the rhamnolipid-producing and non-producing strains. Interestingly, several flagellar genes are repressed in the mutant strain, which directly relates to the non-motile phenotype of the rhlA-minus strain. Swarming motility was restored with the addition of exogenous rhamnolipids obtained from the wild-type strain. Conclusions: Our results show significant evidence that rhamnolipids and/or their precursors, 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy) alkanoic acids, the major biosynthetic products of rhlABC pathway, seem to modulate gene expression in P. aeruginosa. Swarming motility assays support this hypothesis, since the non-motile rhlA-mutant strain had its swarming ability restored by the addition of exogenous rhamnolipids.
An ultra-portable, self-contained point-of-care nucleic acid amplification test for diagnosis of active COVID-19 infection
Authors: Deng Hao , Jayawardena Asanka , Chan Jianxiong , Tan Sher Maine , Alan Tuncay , Kwan Patrick
Published: February 2021

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Blood Cultures and Blood Microbiota Analysis as Surrogates for Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Analysis in Dogs With Bacterial Pneumonia
Authors: Vientós-Plotts A. I. , Ericsson A. C. , Rindt H. , Reinero C. R.
Published: February 2021

Background
Diagnosis of canine bacterial pneumonia relies on airway lavage to confirm septic, suppurative inflammation, and a positive bacterial culture. Considering risks of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) collection, minimally invasive methods like culture or next generation sequencing of blood would be appealing. In dogs with bacterial pneumonia, our study aims included: (1) determining proportion of agreement between cultivable bacteria in BALF and blood; (2) characterizing BALF, blood, and oropharyngeal (OP) microbiota and determining if bacteria cultured from BALF were present in these communities; and (3) comparing relatedness of microbial community composition at all three sites. Bacterial cultures were performed on BALF and blood. After DNA extraction of BALF, blood and OP, 16S rRNA amplicon libraries were generated, sequenced, and compared to a bacterial gene sequence database.
Results
Disregarding one false positive, blood cultures were positive in 2/9 dogs (5 total isolates), all 5 isolates were present in BALF cultures (16 total isolates). Based on sequencing data, all sites had rich and diverse microbial communities. Comparing cultured BALF bacterial genera with sequenced taxa, all dogs had ≥ 1 cultured isolate present in their microbiota: cultured BALF isolates were found in microbiota of BALF (12/16), blood (7/16), and OP (6/11; only 7 dogs had OP swabs). Of 394 distinct taxa detected in BALF, these were present in 75% OP and 45% blood samples. BALF community composition was significantly different than OP (p = 0.0059) and blood (p = 0.0009).
Conclusions
Blood cultures are insensitive but specific for cultured BALF bacteria in canine bacterial pneumonia. Cultivable BALF bacteria were present in BALF, blood and OP microbiota to differing degrees.
Direct Relativistic Extension of the Madelung-de-Broglie-Bohm Reformulations of Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Hydrodynamics
Authors: Ruiz-Columbié Arquimedes , de Peralta Luis Grave
Published: February 2021

Using a Schrödinger-like equation, which describes a particle with mass and spin-0 and with the correct relativistic relation between its linear momentum and kinetic energy, the basic equations of the non-relativistic quantum mechanics with trajectories and quantum hydrodynamics are extended to the relativistic domain. Some simple but instructive free particle examples are discussed.
WITHDRAWN: Assessment of DOK7 and SPDEF as Potential Epigenetic Biomarkers in Whole Blood of Patients with Gastric Adenocarcinoma and Intestinal Metaplasia
Authors: Moradi Arash , Aleyasin Seyed Ahmad , Rezaii Masoumeh , Mohamadian Kamal , Alizamir Aida , Afshar Behrouz
Published: February 2021

BackgroundGastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most prevalent cancer, and intestinal metaplasia (IM) is generally considered a precancerous lesion in the gastric carcinogenesis cascade. DNA methylation is one of the most deeply studied epigenetic modifications. Numerous studies have been shown that aberrant methylation of DOK7, an adaptor protein, and SPDEF, a transcription factor, correlates with carcinogenesis. This study aimed to investigate DNA methylation of DOK7 and SPDEF in the whole blood specimens obtained from patients with IM and GC and normal individual controls to examine the possible implication of epigenetic biomarker for differential diagnosis GC from IM.Material and MethodsBioinformatic analysis, differentially methylated regions (DMR) enrichment analysis, was conducted to detect appropriate epigenetic regions in DOK7 and SPDEF CpGs Island. The methylation of selected CPG regions of DOK7 and SPDEF was assayed on 95 blood samples, including 30 IM patients, 30 GC patients, and 35 normal controls individuals. After DNA extraction, MSRE-PCR was utilized to evaluate the loci methylation level, followed by real-time MSRE-PCR to quantify the region's methylation status.ResultsOur analysis indicated that DOK7 and SPDEF have significant hypermethylation in GC and IM versus the normal specimens. Significant methylation changes were observed for Dok7 between IM (p = 0.03), GC (p < 0.001) cases compared to normal controls. For SPDEF significant hypermethylation results obtained, for GC (p < 0.001) and IM (p = 0.03) cases in comparison to normal controls. Sensitivity and specificity for DOK7 as DNA epigenetic biomarker diagnostic of gastric cancer test were determined by ROC statistical analysis revealed high intermediate sensitivity (73.33 %) and high specificity (97.14 %) methylation changes with p < 0.001. For SPDEF DNA methylation test as GC biomarker by ROC statistical analysis revealed lower sensitivity (36.67 %) but higher specificity (97.14 %) with p < 0.001.ConclusionsThese results suggest that the change in the methylation of DOK7 (AUC = 0.9495) and SPDEF (AUC = 0.8419) is a promising epi-biomarker. For the first time, this study shows blood-based biomarkers DOK7 and SPDEF genes are powerful epi-biomarkers and provide insights into gastric cancer pathogenesis and diagnosis.