bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of sports car aerodynamics using computer simulation methods
Authors: Nazarko Olga , Ragulin Vitaliy , Yaryzhko Aleksandr , Zaitsev Ivan
Published: December 2022

Problem. The results of the value of the coefficient of aerodynamic resistance of a sports car and the calculations of the frontal area of ​​its three-dimensional model are given. Goal. The goal is determination of the coefficient of aerodynamic resistance for a sports car by means of a computer experiment and justification of the feasibility of using attached parts to improve aerodynamics. Methodology. The method of computer experiment and three-dimensional modeling was used based on a comparison with the geometric and technical characteristics of a real car The results The accuracy of the construction of the three-dimensional model and virtual experiment was confirmed based on the obtained values of the frontal area and the coefficient of aerodynamic resistance.
Static and dynamic coefficient of friction in friction pairs of disc-pad brakes
Authors: Fidrovska Nataliya , Ivanenko Oleh , Bazhenov Bazhenov Vladislav , Nikipchuk Serhii , Prysyazhnij Andriy
Published: December 2022

Problem This scientific article is devoted to the value of static and dynamic coefficients of friction of disc-pad brakes. The issue of disc-pad brake wear is very acute because the safety of using the machine itself depends on its reliable operation. Therefore, the relevance of the chosen topic cannot be doubted. Goal. The aim is to establish patters of influence of the main operational parameters of friction pairs of a model disc-pad brake on the potential and kinematic coefficient of friction. Methodology. The methods of analytical mechanics and the theory of elasticity were used in the article. Results. Theoretical and experimental studies of the static (former rest) and dynamic coefficients of friction in the frictional interaction of materials FK-24A - steel 35KhNL were carried out on a model disk-shoe brake in a long-term braking mode. At the same time, it was established in the range of real impulse loads implemented during braking in the contact area of the friction lining with the brake disc, the stress-strain state of the contact according to the criterion of micro deformation in the contact corresponds to the elastic-plastic property. The elastic and plastic properties of materials appear when, in each individual case, the total stresses exceed the yield strength or reach its limit. With an increase in the impulse force of the normal pressing of the pad lining to the treadmill of the disc friction, the static coefficient of friction tends to increase, and with an increase in the static coefficient of mutual overlap kvz.s, it tends to decrease with the elastic-plastic property of materials. When choosing materials for friction pairs, the dynamic coefficient of friction must include the value of the static coefficient of friction and be at least 20% greater than the calculated value of the dynamic coefficient of friction. Practical value An increase in the static and dynamic friction coefficient in the friction pairs of a disk-pad brake leads to an increase in the plastic deformation of their microprotrusions. The data obtained can be used in the design of disc-shoe brakes
Intelligent diagnosics of vehicles
Authors: Migal Vasiliy , Arhun Shchasiana , Hnatov Andrii , Hnatova Hanna , Sokhin Pavlo
Published: December 2022

Problem. Diagnostics or troubleshooting is an integral part of the operation of automotive technology, and as automotive systems become more complex, the need for diagnostic skills increases, so diagnostic methods by the human senses should be considered an integral part of technical diagnostics at all stages of a vehicle life cycle. Methodology. Analytical methods are used to study the methods of diagnosing vehicles with the help of the intellectual abilities of the operator-diagnostician. Results. The paper shows that the intellectual abilities of the operator-diagnostician play an important role in diagnosing vehicles, the advantages and disadvantages of such diagnostics are presented. The list of basic knowledge necessary for the operator-diagnostician is described as well as the type of operational documentation which is necessary to improve the efficiency of intelligent diagnostics. Intelligent diagnostics of vehicles is divided into stages and shows the wide possibilities of diagnosing by the senses and knowledge of the diagnostician. It is shown that a highly qualified diagnostician can significantly reduce the complexity of diagnosis. With qualified training, experienced mechanics determine up to 70-90% of malfunctions and failures of vehicles and units using organoleptic methods and simple tests. Originality. The stages of intelligent diagnostics of vehicles are singled out and the wide possibilities of diagnosing by the human senses and knowledge of diagnostics at these stages are shown. Practical value. The results of this work are intended for wide use, for example, for drivers, maintenance services, developers of operational and technical documentation, developers involved in the improvement of technical diagnostic tools, machine learning, etc.
WLTC measuring driving cycle (power reserve measurement procedure for hybrids and electric vehicles)
Authors: Hordiienko Mykola , Parkhomenko Oleksandr , Podpisnov Vladyslav
Published: December 2022

Problem. The most effective energy management strategies for hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles are optimization-based strategies. These strategies require prior knowledge of the driving cycle, which is not easy to predict. Goal. The goal is to combine the Worldwide harmonized light vehicles test cycle (WLTC) with short trips on small sections with real traffic levels to predict the energy and fuel consumption of hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles. Methodology. Research methods are experimental and mathematical. First of all, eight characteristic parameters are extracted from real speed profiles used on urban road sections in the city of Kharkiv under various road conditions, as well as on short WLTC trips. The minimum distance algorithm is used to compare parameters and determine three traffic levels (heavy, medium, and low traffic) for short WLTC trips. Thus, for each route determined using Google Maps, the energy and fuel consumption of hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles are estimated using short trips by the WLTC, adjusted for distances and traffic levels. In addition, a numerical model of the vehicle was implemented. It was used to test the accuracy of predicting fuel and energy consumption in accordance with the proposed methodology. Originality. For the methodology using only GM information is required as input data; no other device or software is required. This aspect makes the methodology extremely economical. Then, the algorithm regulating traffic levels shown by GM is unique and valid in all urban centers. This aspect makes the methodology universal. WLTC takes into account the driving styles of drivers around the world, so the methodology can be applied to any car driver. Prediction accuracy can be increased by taking into account other input information, such as the distribution of traffic light signals or the driver's typical gear shifting style. Results. The results are promising, as the average absolute percentage error between experimental driving cycles and projected ones is 3.89 % for fuel consumption, increasing to 6.80 % for energy consumption. Practical value. The possibility of energy forecasting and fuel consumption for a hybrid vehicle and an electric vehicle makes it possible to develop energy consumption management systems for HEVs that can manage the energy reserve to ensure full travel by electric traction in limited traffic zone (LTZ) or minimize local air pollution; increase the service life of energy reserves (usually batteries) by maintenance costs and disposal problems reducing; optimize the transmission-use efficiency due to fuel consumption and pollutants emissions reduction.
Pembrolizumab as an immunotherapy drug in the treatment of a patient with recurrent (unresectable) cancer of the lower lip
Authors: Markulan L. Y. , Makarevych L. M.
Published: December 2022

Advances in immunotherapy have changed approaches to the treatment of recurrent and/or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC). The US Food and Drug Administration (the FDA) has approved both pembrolizumab monotherapy for first‑line treatment of the tumours expressing the programmed cell death receptor‑1 (PD‑L1; combined positive score of ≥ 1) in patients with R/M HNSCC and pembrolizumab administration in combination with platinum and fluorouracil regardless of the level of PD‑L1 expression. Pembrolizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody class drug that activates the anti‑tumour immune response.

Objective — to present treatment outcomes for recurrent (unresectable) cancer of the lower lip that was treated using a pembrolizumab monotherapy regimen.

Patient H., born in 1968, received a 20‑month combined therapy for cancer of the lower lip. He had radical surgical removal of the primary tumour and two surgical resections of metastases, as well as courses of both remote gamma‑therapy and polychemotherapy. Nevertheless, the disease progressed from T2N0M0 to T4N1M0. In the area of the chin and right cheek, the patient developed a defect of the skin and subcutaneous tissue measuring 18 ´ 10 cm with purulent‑necrotic margins and an external fistula of the oral cavity. He was also bothered by unbearable pain in the area of the tumour and an unpleasant odour from the mouth and from the tumour. The patient was prescribed immunotherapy with pembrolizumab since an immunohistochemical examination revealed an RD‑L1‑positive tumour. One year after the start of immunotherapy, which included 17 courses of cancer treatment, the wound healed and the patient’s quality of life significantly improved. No adverse reactions were observed during immunotherapy. Computed tomography revealed a 25 x 15 mm nodule at the level of the lower jaw on the right and a lymph node of about 10 mm in diameter in the area of the lower parts of the right parotid salivary gland. Distant metastases were not detected. Currently, immunotherapy is ongoing. The issue of surgical removal of pathological formations is under consideration.

This case demonstrates the positive outcomes of a pembrolizumab monotherapy regimen in a patient with R/M HNSCC.
A clinical case of disorders of hepatic function and possibilities of their correction after COVID-19 based on foreign and domestic recommendations
Authors: Fadieienko G. D. , Nikiforova Y. V. , Chernyak A. M.
Published: December 2022

Due to the complex epidemiological situation resulting from the infection of COVID‑19, doctors of various specialties have a number of questions regarding the tactics of patients’ management. Current data indicate that SARS‑CoV‑2 has the ability to affect all organs and systems of the body, including the gastrointestinal tract. Liver is one of the target organs, affected by COVID‑19 infection. The authors consider the latest foreign and domestic recommendations for the treatment of patients with hepatic lesions. A clinical case of hepatic dysfunction and possibilities of its correction after COVID‑19 have been outlined. The main pathogenetic mechanisms of changes in liver samples are highlighted, including immune activation and inflammation caused by cytokines with the initiation of cytokine storm, coagulopathy and multiple organ failure, cytotoxicity due to virus replication in cholangiocytes and hepatocytes with the participation of angiotensin‑converting enzyme‑2 and serine protease‑2 receptors, severe hypoxia caused by vascular endothelium damage, drug‑induced liver damage caused by hepatotoxicity and immune‑mediated damage, reactivation of previously existing liver diseases (hepatitis, non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease, as well as progression and decompensation of liver cirrhosis). The domestic algorithm for the management of patients with liver diseases, hospitalized with confirmed COVID‑19 infection, involves the control of liver samples once every 2 — 3 months, annual control of fibrosis degree, correction of diet and lifestyle, minimization of drug therapy, administration of drugs (hepatoprotectors) and correction of microcirculation processes and functions of other organs/systems.
The presented clinical case demonstrates the importance of timely treatment of liver functional disorders and the need for dynamic monitoring of the condition of patients who have contracted COVID‑19.
Modern view on the age-associated gastrointestinal diseases. Review
Authors: Kolesnikova O. V. , Radchenko A. O.
Published: December 2022

The substantial improvement of diagnostic methods, treatment and preventive measures in recent years resulted in the significant increase in life expectancy, which in turn contributed to an increase in the frequency of chronic noncommunicable diseases among elderly patients. Pathological conditions that are related to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract are an extremely common reason for consultations among patients of all ages, but the elderly people are most prone to the development of GI diseases. Available information regarding which GI changes are normal in older age and which ones are pathologic is limited, and the available data is usually contradictory. The diagnostic algorithm in elderly patients with GI symptoms is even more complicated by the frequent presence of concomitant diseases. In addition, the elderlies usually have atypical manifestations of the GI disease with subtle symptoms; therefore, doctors who are not familiar with It may not diagnose the disease timely. Drug side effects manifested in the GI tract are also a common phenomenon in elderly patients and they can also change the clinical picture and complicate the diagnosis of GI pathologies. Thus, elderly patients represent a population group among whom effective detection and correct diagnosis of GI diseases become extremely difficult for physicians who are not familiar with the features of age‑related changes in the GI tract and peculiarities of GI diseases. Therefore, the expansion of knowledge about the course of GI disorders in this category of patients is absolutely necessary for further improvement of the quality and duration of life of such patients. Our review presents modern data on the prevalence of gastrointestinal tract pathologies, their role in the general morbidity of the population, the most typical disorders of the gastrointestinal tract in elderly patients, the mechanism of drug interactions and side effects of drugs that can cause the development of complications from the GI tract.
Modern approaches to the essence and assessment of gut dysbiosis. Review
Authors: Tkach S. M. , Dorofeev A. E. , Dorofeeva G. A.
Published: December 2022

An imbalance, dysfunction, or disruption of the gut microbiota (GM) is increasingly recognized as an indicator of certain disease or poor health. Due to the complexity and individual variation in microbial communities, there is no gold standard for determining the presence or degree of this imbalance or disruption of the gut microbiota, although many studies refer to it as gut dysbiosis. The problem with the definition of intestinal dysbiosis is caused by the lack of a clear definition of a healthy intestinal microbiota. Several indices have been defined and applied to qualify the term «gut dysbiosis». According to the results of an extensive literature search, known indices of dysbiosis (ID) can be methodologically grouped into five categories: large‑scale profiling of bacterial markers, relevant taxon‑based methods, environmental classification, random prediction, combined α/β‑diversity. These methods for identifying and quantifying gut dysbiosis successfully capture differences between GM associated with specific conditions, diseases, or interventions, as well as that present in healthy individuals or at baseline (before intervention). Such indices can help to characterize diseases and adverse conditions, predict treatment outcomes, and provide information different from conventional alpha and beta estimates of microbial diversity. It should be kept in mind that dysbiosis is not a well‑defined condition and that indices of dysbiosis differ in methodological and clinical contexts, developed for different cohorts and to describe a variety of conditions. Current basic methods and principles related to the assessment of GM in a clinical context are highlighted, including the current use of dysbiosis indices, their calculation and indicators in the context of specific diseases and conditions. Dysbiosis indices are not separate measurements and should be interpreted in the context of clinical data. It should be remembered that the GM that characterizes a particular disease or intervention often changes due to disturbances in factors such as diet, medication, oxygen availability, or immune responses. In this case, ID is used as a diagnostic marker, but not necessarily as a predictor of the disease. However, the value of dysbiosis indices as simple tools to describe the differences between different gut microbial communities is important.
Myeloperoxidase and global longitudinal strain in prognostication of clinical events after ST segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Petyunina O. V. , Kopytsya M. P. , Kobets A. V. , Berezin A. E.
Published: December 2022

Elevated levels of several inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, such as myeloperoxidase (MPO) and some characteristics of damaged myocardium such as myocardial deformation (global longitudinal strain — GLS) seem to be promising biomarkers for acute coronary syndrome, but their predictive ability for clinical outcomes amongst ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients having obesity remained unclear.
The aim of the study was to to determine the impact of MPO and GLS on prediction of 1‑year combined clinical events in STEMI patients successfully treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) depending on abdominal obesity presentation.
Materials and methods. We prospectively enrolled 102 individuals with STEMI who were successfully treated with primary PCI. All patients gave their consent to participate in the study. The biomarkers (MPO, cardiac troponins), echocardiographic and Doppler parameters including global longitudinal strain (GLS) were evaluated at the baseline.
Results. The MPO level in the entire population of patients with STEMI was 129.45 [48.48 — 179.70] ng/ml. The group was divided into two cohorts depending on the median level of MPO (≥ 98.34 ng/ml and < 98.34 ng/ml). We observed 26 combined end‑points (10 and 17 in patients with MPO ³ 98.34 ng/ml and < 98.34 ng/ml, respectively (F test = 0.064285; ε2 = 4.29; р = 0.046). Multivariate linear regression showed that the only GLS and MPO remained independent predictors for the clinical outcomes.
Conclusions. Global longitudinal strain was the best predictor for 1‑year combined clinical outcomes in STEMI patients who were undergone successful primary PCI. Body fat accumulation seems to show borderline significance when compared with GLS, while it was sufficiently better than MPO.
DEVELOPMENT OF SUSTAINABLE ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS, BUSINESS MODELS AND DESIGNS USING CIRCULAR ECONOMY THINKING
Authors: Williams Ian D. , Shittu Olanrewaju S.
Published: December 2022

Driven by the UN’s Sustainable Development goals, which has identified the issue of electronic waste growing significantly and the challenges of recycling/reusing electronic components, there is a need to research new possibilities in sustainable and recyclable printed electronic devices. The change in business models and industry and consumer device flows will also have implications. The circular model puts more emphasis back onto producers who have more knowledge to make an impact on the sustainable use of electronic devices than traditional waste management companies. This study, carried out in conjunction with the Arm-ECS Research Centre, explores the intersection of design and the circular economy. The paper identifies circular economy opportunities in the electronics sector via a review of both academic and grey literature and an accompanying SWOT analysis, with a focus on electronic components and the boards/packages (whole sub-systems, parts, materials) that make up electronic systems, and circular business models. Policy recommendations are provided. Challenges to be addressed and overcome in order to implement a transition to circularity for the electronics sector are identified and discussed.
RECYCLING OF LIQUID CRYSTALS FROM E-WASTE
Authors: Barrera Ana , Binet Corinne , Dubois Frédéric , Hébert Pierre-Alexandre , Supiot Philippe , Foissac Corinne , Maschke Ulrich
Published: December 2022

For several decades, Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs) have been widely used in televisions, laptops, mobile phones, and other devices. Nowadays, liquid crystals (LCs) represent an important economic value of the recycling system of LCDs. The reuse of these organic molecules could become a profitable basis since it permits to preserve the value of these materials. In this context, the general objective of this work focuses on the recovery of LCs as well as on other valuable materials present in end-of-life LCDs. An orderly, manual LCD dismantling line is put into operation for differentiated recycling of electronic boards, cold cathode lamps that may contain mercury, polymers, metals, and other valuable materials. There is also an extraction line where LCD panels are opened and exposed to an ultrasonically activated organic solvent bath to recover LCs. The resulting solution contains LCs, solvent, organic and inorganic impurities. The LCs mixtures were purified and then characterized mainly by spectroscopic, chromatographic, and thermal techniques. A study of the influence of adding diamond nanoparticles at 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 wt% to recycled LCs was also performed using dielectric spectroscopy. Dielectric properties of LCs were measured at room temperature, using an impedance analyzer in the frequency range from 0.1 to 106 Hz.
STABILITAS UMKM TERHADAP PEMULIHAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT PALEMBANG PASCA PANDEMI COVID 19
Authors: Mikail Kiki , Panorama Maya , Otoman Otoman
Published: December 2022

The study applied the theory of economic development to solve the problems and challenges of the economic recovery the small and medium enterprise (SME) after covid 19. The policy of social distancing has certainly change the economic activities of the people of Palembang. As a result of this policy, the economic growth Palembang People slows down and decreases by around 3 percent in 2020. Therefore, dynamic policies and development are needed to respond economic proble post covid 19. The peak economic slowdown in Palembang generally is influenced by a number of factors, ranging from decline in household consumption, investment to exports. Form three components, household consumption have paleyd major role in suppressing the Palembang economy due to the covid 19 pandemic.

Therefore, for economic revival post covid 19, the Palembang local government must strengthen public institutions and services and align a strategies provide clear signal for better and systematic transition. Reforming renewable energy and increasing local production and the small and medium enterprise (SME) will gradually increase the economic resilience of the private sector. Increasing adequacy in the early of the post covid 19 economic recovery is significantly to control ivestment and economic growth in Palembang
Domestic Violence in Iraq: A Critical discourse analysis of passivization and gender inequality
Authors: Maleka D. Hasan Mster Stud. , Farah Abduljabbar Almnaseer Ass.Prof.Dr.
Published: December 2022

Women usually experience more incidents of violence than men particularly domestic violence (DV). DV includes different forms of family violence such as forced marriage and honor crimes that are perpetrated by family members. In this regard, this study intends to investigate Non-governmental Organizations (NGOs) reports on DV in Iraq through the critical discourse analysis (CDA) approach. This article aims to explore the functional descriptions of the reports' language on DV and to uncover the ideology of gender inequality causes. To achieve the aims , an eclectic modal is adopted including Halliday's (1985, 1994, 2004) systemic functional linguistics (SFL) along with Fairclough's (1992, 1995, 2001) three-dimensional framework for the analysis of the linguistic devices to examine gender inequality in NGOs reports on DV. The article is conducted through the qualitative method approach. Moreover, the data tackled two reports representing DV in Iraq and presented by the Organization of Women’s Freedom in Iraq (OWFI). The conclusions indicate that there is an increased use of passive voice to talk about violence caused by male perpetrators. Further, presuppositions and references reveal that CDA can explore the relationships among language, and the ideology of gender inequality.
الرفض ومظاهره في شعر عبد الله البردوني
Authors: ولی بهاروند ا. م. د
Published: December 2022

لم يقف الكتاب على موقفهم في وجه الأحداث المؤسفة للمجتمع، بل وقفوا إلى جانب المقاتلين الآخرين، ورفضوا علنا وجود الحكام المستبدين، ودعوا الناس علانية إلى محاربة الظلم وانعدام الحرية. وتجدر الإشارة إلى أن أدب الرفض، المرتبط بعناصر مثل الليبرتارية والقمع، يعكس معاناة الأمة، حيث تردد صدا المقاومة نتيجة عوامل مثل الاستبداد الداخلي أو تعدي الأجانب على الحدود الجغرافية يتردد. لقد مر الشعب اليمني منذ فترة طويلة بتاريخ مضطرب وتحمل الكثير من المعاناة. أحد المناضلين الذي لم يدخر جهدا من أجل تحرير شعبه من نير الأعداء الداخليين والخارجيين هو الشاعر اليمني الكفيف عبد الله البردوني. الغرض من هذه المقالة التي اعتمدت في بحثها على الأسلوب التوصيفي التحليلي، هو تقديم تجليات الرفض مثل الدفاع عن فلسطين ومناهضة الاستعمار في شعره، واستكشاف المفاهيم القيمة في عمقها، توضح هذه الدراسة أن البردوني يدعو اللاجئين الفلسطينيين إلى العودة إلى موطن أجدادهم ، كما تحدث عن وحدة العرب معهم ، وفي رأيه أن العظمة والهيبة لا تتحققان الا من خلال محاربة العدو والاجانب وفي ظل هده القيمة الانسانية فقط يصل الانسان الى مكانته العالية في الحياة. كما أنه يعتقد أن جهل حكام اليمن وقمعهم من جهة، وحب السلطة ونهمهم من جهة أخرى، جعلهم ناكري الانسانية حيث أصبحت الناس تعاني من أمور كثيرة. يعتقد البردوني أن، المجتمع المظلوم الذي تقوده قيادة مستبدة، يجب اعتبار الناس النائمين والإهمال السبب الرئيسي للظلم والقمع، ويجب اعتبارهم سبب سفك دماءالأبرياء.
النفي في اللغتين الروسية والعربية
Authors: ماجدة جميل عاشور أ.م.د.
Published: December 2022

ترجع أهمية هذا البحث إلى الصعوبات التي يواجهها الطلاب في دراسة وترجمة مفردات النافية في اللغتين الروسية والعربية. يتطلب دراسة أي لغة معرفة طرق وأشكال ترجمة النفي في النص. تتضمن ترجمة أي نص البحث عن كلمات مماثلة قريبة في المعنى دون الإخلال بفهم المحتوى. لهذا ، لان من المهم تحسين مهارات الترجمة باستمرار. الهدف الرئيسي للمقال هو النظر في عملية المفردات المنفية عند مقارنة نظامين لغويين. تم تحديد المشكلة التي ظهرت أثناء دراسة ادوات النفي أثناء الترجمة ومناقشتها بالتفصيل في أقسام المقالة ، أولاً للغة الروسية ، ثم للغة العربية بشكل منفصل. للحصول على نتائج هذه الدراسة تم استخدام أسلوب التحليل المقارن لتعلم اللغة. أثناء التحليل في عملية البحث ، تم تحديد مجموعة من المهام: وصف الادوات  النافية ، وتحديد أنواع النفي في اللغات ، وتحليل مقارن لأوجه التشابه والاختلاف في أشكال النفي في اللغتين الروسية والعربية . استنتاجات هذه الدراسة: استخدام النفي والادوات النافية هي نفس الشيء في اللغتين الروسية والعربية ، ولكن تختلف طرق التعبير عن النفي بدون ادوات     النفي في هاتين اللغتين.
فاعلية المسرح المدرسي وأثره على التربية والتعليم في المدارس العراقية
Authors: ستار داخل صيفي م.م.
Published: December 2022

يهدف البحث إلى تقويم الأنشطة المسرحية في المدارس والمساهمة والارتقاء بالواقع التعليمي على مستوى البلدان المتقدمة؛ لمعرفة وكشف المعوقات التي تعاني منها المدارس في الأنشطة المسرحية ومحاولة تذليلها والوقوف عليها، يضم مجتمع البحث مكانياً نتاجات المسرح المدرسي، وحصرياً في بعض المدارس التابعة لمديرية تربية الكرخ/2 والتي يوجد فيها النشاط المسرحي المدرسي. وضمن الفترة الزمانية (2018-2019) وقد وزع الباحث عدد من الاستبيانات بلغ العدد منها (30) استبيان على بعض المدارس وبعض من ذوي الاختصاص والمشرفين، واستنتج الباحث عدة استنتاجات منها: إن لدرس الرياضة في المدرسة له علاقة مشتركة والنشاط المسرحي لغرض رفد التلاميذ بالثقافة الجسدية لاكتشاف مواطن الضعف والسلبيات ورصدها من اجل ضبط حركة التلميذ وهو يؤدي دوره، وهناك ارتباط وثيق بين التجربة العملية وتطور النشاط المسرحي المدرسي لخلق عروض مسرحية تتسم بسمة الابداع، لان من مهام المسرح هو خلق واقع تعليمي متطور، يسعى نشاط المسرح المدرسي الى استثمار العديد من الطاقات والمواهب لدى التلاميذ لتستثمر داخل الفصل او المدرسة بشكل اوسع لجعل العملية التربوية اكثر حيوية والبحث المستمر عما هو متجدد ومتطور.
        وأوصى الباحث بعدة توصيات منها: تأسيس مسرح مدرسي في كل منطقة يتبنى الانشطة المسرحية والفعاليات التي تقوم بها المدارس ضمن المنطقة الادارية، ووجود معلم مختص بالأنشطة المسرحية يكون مسؤول عن تعليم التلاميذ وتدريبهم.
القرينة الصّوتيّة وأثرها الدّلاليّ (دراسة في دعاء عرفة)
Authors: سعيد عكاب عبدالعالي الشمري د.
Published: December 2022

يهدف البحث إلي بيان القرينة الصوتيّة، وما لها من تأثيرٍ في توجيه المعنى، ويمكن أنْ نلحظ الصلة بين الصوت والمعنى, أي: بين الصوت الذي هو أوّل مظاهر اللغة ومنطلقها، والمعنى الذي هو آخرها، وغايتها على أنَّ الأصوات عندما تكون مظهرَ اللغة، ووسيلة تأديتها فإنَّها لا تطلق جزافًا، ولا تلفظ اعتباطًا، بل لابدَّ أنْ يقع ذلك وفق نظامٍ خاصٍّ تنتظم فيه السلسلة الكلاميّة؛ لتكون تلك الأصوات دالَّةً ومعبّرةً عن الغرض والمعنى.
ناصيف ال نصار ودوره السياسي في جبل لبنان 1749 – 1780
Authors: سعد عزيز كريم الحميداوي م. م.
Published: December 2022

تؤلف دراسة الشخصيات التاريخية حلقة اساسية في سلسلة الجهود المبذولة عند كتابة التاريخ، وفي اطار دراسة تاريخ لبنان الحديث فأن من الضروري مواصلة الاهتمام بالكتابة عن الشخصيات التي اسهمت بشكل فعال في تاريخ لبنان الحديث ولها بصمات واضحة في مسيرة احداث ذلك التاريخ ولاسيما في الجانب السياسي, وقد عرف الجزء الجنوبي من لبنان بجبل عامل, أو بلاد بشارة نسبة الى اسرة بشارة التي استوطنت المنطقة منذ عقود طويلة, ويعتقد بعضهم ان هذه التسمية اطلقت حديثاً, بينما جبل عامل قد عرف منذ القدم.
   ان دراسة هذه الشخصية من المواضيع المهمة في التاريخ اللبناني اذ يتم من خلالها التركيز على الاحداث السياسية للوقوف على الدور الذي قامت به, اذ تناول البحث شخصية مهمة اثبتت وجودها بشكل قوي في تاريخ لبنان وهي شخصية ناصيف الَ نصار والتعرف على الاعمال التي قام بها ولابد ان يرافقها استعراض مقتضب لبعض التطورات السياسية في لبنان, فهناك علاقة بين تلك الشخصية والتطورات السياسية, لما اضطلع به من دور كبير في تاريخ لبنان فهو قائد مطاع ومقاتل شرس وامير حكيم ناضل من اجل استقلال لبنان.
   كانت البداية بالنسب والولادة فهو من اسرة عرفت بزعامته لجبل عامل هي أسرة آل الأسعد ظهرت في منطقة جنوب لبنان بحدود أواخر القرن الثاني عشر, ولما كانت اصولهم ترجع الى اسرة علي الصغير الوائلية فلا غرابة, ان نجدها بدأت تأخذ دور القيادي في بلاد بشارة بالمشاركة مع بعض الاسر التي تقل عنها نفوذاً, ومن ثم عرجنا على ظروف زعامته والاساليب التي اتبعها في توحيد منطقة جبل عامل, وبيان الحلف مع ظاهر العمر ومحمد بك الكبير وتسليط الضوء على اهم المعارك التي خاضها ناصيف اَل نصار في حياته, وصراعه مع احمد الجزار الذي تمكن من هزيمة ناصيف وقتله في واقعة يارون اذ كان العقبة الوحيدة التي تقف للحيلولة دون دخول جبل عامل وضمها لسلطانه, لذلك دخل الجزار جبل عامل واستباحها فقتل المشايخ وفرض الضرائب وعاش الناس في رعب وخوف
Türkiye’de Plansız Organik Dokulu Mahalleler ile Planlı Geometrik Dokulu Mahallelerin Kamusal Mekan Anlayışında Süregelen, Değişen ve Dönüşen Özelliklerin Konutlarla İlişkilerinin Karşılaştırılmaları
Authors: ÖZDOĞAN Havva
Published: December 2022

Geleneksel Anadolu yerleşmeleri ve mahalleleri toplumsal yaşamın bir yansıması olarak biçimlenmiştir. Çalışmada farklı kentsel dokulardaki avlu/bahçe, sokak ve meydan gibi toplumsal ve kamusal mekanlarla konut ilişkilerinin karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda çalışma Anadolu’nun farklı coğrafi bölgelerinde hem plansız-organik dokulu hem de planlı-geometrik dokulu mahallelere sahip 5 yerleşim bölgesindeki toplam 10 mahalle üzerinde yürütülmüştür. İnceleme alanları Kula Zaferiye ve Bey Mahalleleri, Avanos Orta ve Bahçelievler Mahalleleri, Safranbolu Akçasu ve Emek Mahalleleri, Boyabat Gökdere ve Yıldız Mahalleleri ile Midyat Işıklar-Akçakaya Mahalleleri ve Bahçelievler Mahallesi olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışma yöntemi farklı ölçeklerde birbirine bağlı mekânsal, işlevsel ve biçimsel analiz aşamalarından oluşmuştur. Plansız ve planlı mahallelerde sokak ve konut dizilim sistemleri, mekânsal bütünleşmede öne çıkan kentsel mekan analizleri, kentsel mekanlarda farklı kamusallık derecesine sahip toplanma mekanı tipolojileri, yerleşmelerdeki toplanma-meydan mekanlarının işlevsel yapıları, mahallelerde konut üniteleriyle bağlantılı toplanma mekanlarını düşey ve yatayda belirleyen düzlem özellikleri konularında analizler yapılmıştır. Yarı özel/kamusal ve kamusal nitelikteki avlu/bahçe, sokak ve meydan gibi sosyal etkileşim ve toplanma mekanları mekânsal ve biçimsel analiz bulgularına bağlı olarak sürdürülebilirlik açılarından tartışılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda özellikle iç içe geçen tekil bina diziliminden çok katlı ayrık bina dizilimine geçişin toplumsal yaşamı ve mekanlarını etkilediği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Taktiksel Kentleşme ve Kentsel Açık Alan Arakesitinde Müşterek Mekân: Kartal Meydan Parkı Örneği
Authors: ERTAŞ Büşra , SARI Gamze , İMREN Asena Kübra , ÖZTÜRK Selen , CEBECİ Begüm , TUTUK İhsan
Published: December 2022

Kentsel açık alanların taktiksel kentleşme uygulamaları ile müşterekleşme sürecinin değerlendirilmesi üzerine olan bu çalışmanın amaçları; kentleşmeye bağlı olarak değişen kentsel ihtiyaçların karşılanmasında taktiksel kentleşme yaklaşımını incelemek, kolektif üretim sonucunda mekânsal algının değişim sürecini müşterek mekân çerçevesinde değerlendirmek ve yaklaşımın kentsel açık alanlarda uygulanmasına yönelik literatüre girdi sağlamaktır. Çalışmada, artan nüfus ve yapılaşmayla önem kazanan kentsel açık alanları taktiksel kentleşmenin nasıl etkilediği, Kartal Meydan Parkı’nın diğer açık alanlara göre farklılıkları ve alanın mevcut sorunlarına taktiksel kentleşmenin çözüm olup olmayacağı incelenmiştir. Belirlenen temel parametreler üzerinden toplum-kent-çevre ilişkileri ve kentsel açık alanların müşterek mekâna hangi ilkelerle dönüşebileceği sorgulanmıştır. Çalışmanın yöntemi, yapılan literatür çalışmaları ile kentsel açık alanın taktiksel kentleşme olarak değerlendirilmesine yönelik kriterlerin tanımlanması, seçilen alanın bu kriterlere göre fiziki boyut, mekânsal analizler, insani boyutta nitel gözlemlerle değerlendirilmesi ve geçici yaklaşımların mekânı kalıcı biçimde müşterekleştirmesine yönelik taktiksel kentleşme uygulama örneklerinin oluşturulan müşterek mekân kategorilerine göre incelenmesidir. Bu çalışma kapsamı ve sonuçlarıyla, kentsel açık alanların planlanmasında taktiksel kentleşmenin bir araç olarak kullanılabilmesi, daha yaşanılabilir mekânların tasarlanması için açık alanlara yaklaşımı, toplumsal farkındalık ve bilincin oluşturulmasında müşterek mekân etkisinin anlaşılması açısından veri olarak değerlendirilebilir niteliktedir.
INDONESIA DAN SOLIDARITAS PALESTINA
Authors: Luerdi Luerdi
Published: December 2022

"Luerdi (2014, August 20). Indonesia dan Solidaritas Palestina. Riau Pos, p.4." --- Dalam pidato kenegaraan jelang peringatan kemerdekaan Indonesia hari Jum’at (15/08) lalu di gedung DPR/MPR RI, Presiden SBY secara jelas menyampaikan bahwa Indonesia konsisten mendukung kemerdekaan bangsa Palestina dan mendorong diakuinya keanggotaan Palestina di PBB. Isu konflik Palestina-Israel menjadi salah satu permasalahan yang disampaikan oleh SBY terkait dengan sikap dan peran politik luar negeri Indonesia di kancah dunia internasional. SBY menggariskan bahwa perdamaian antara Palestina dan Israel hanya dapat terwujud bila bangsa Palestina mendapatkan keadilan akan hak-hak mereka dan diterapkannya solusi dua negara serta penghormatan dan kepatuhan terhadap hukum internasional (Paragraf 1).
JALAN TERJAL INTERVENSI ANKARA
Authors: Luerdi Luerdi
Published: December 2022

"Luerdi, L. (2014). Jalan Terjal Intervensi Ankara." --- Revolusi di negeri-negeri Arab yang dikenal dengan Arab Spring telah menjadi fenomena politik kawasan Timur Tengah khususnya dan global umumnya. Revolusi ini bermula dari Tunisia yang bertujuan menuntut mundur penguasa tiran Ben Ali yang kemudian menyebar ke sejumlah negara Arab seperti Mesir, Libya, Aljazair, Suriah, dan lainnya. Namun kasus revolusi yang semakin berlarut dan rumit di Suriah menciptakan destabilisasi pelik kawasan dan bahkan bisa menjadi momentum untuk mematikan spirit revolusi di negara-negara Arab lainnya (Paragraf 1).
Cognitive, Psychophysiological, and Perceptual Responses to a Repeated Military-Specific Load Carriage Treadmill Simulation
Authors: Vine Christopher , Runswick Oliver , Blacker Sam , Coakley Sarah , Siddall Andrew , Myers Stephen
Published: December 2022

Background: Dismounted military operations require soldiers to simultaneously complete cognitive tasks whilst undertaking demanding and repeated physical taskings.Objective: To assess the effects of repeated fast load carriage bouts on cognitive performance, perceptual responses, and psychophysiological markers.Methods: Twelve civilian males (age, 28 ± 8 y; stature, 186 ± 6 cm; body mass 84.3 ± 11.1 kg; V̇O2max, 51.5 ± 6.4 mL·kg-1·min-1) completed three ~65-minute bouts of a Fast Load Carriage Protocol (FLCP), each interspersed with a 65-minute recovery period, carrying a representative combat load of 25 kg. During each FLCP, cognitive function was assessed using a Shoot-/Don’t-Shoot Task (SDST) and a Military-Specific Auditory N-Back Task (MSANT), along with subjective ratings. Additional psychophysiological markers (heart rate variability, salivary cortisol, and dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate concentrations) were also measured.Results: A main effect of bout on MSANT combined score metric (p<0.001, Kendall’s W=69.084) and for time on the accuracy-speed trade-off parameter of the SDST (p=0.025, Ѡ2=0.024) was evident. These likely changes in cognitive performance were coupled with subjective data indicating that participants perceived that they increased their mental effort to maintain cognitive performance (bout: p<0.001, Ѡ2=0.045; time: p<0.001, Ѡ2=0.232). Changes in HRV and salivary markers were also evident, tracking increased physical exertion. Conclusion: Despite the increase in physiological and psychological stress, cognitive performance was largely maintained; purportedly a result of increased mental effort.Application: Given the likely differences in dual-task interferences between laboratory and field-based investigations, military commanders should seek approaches to manage cognitive load where possible, to maintain soldier performance.
Teachers' Attitude Scale Towards Metaverse Use: A Scale Development Study
Authors: Çengel Metin , Yildiz Ezgi Pelin
Published: December 2022

The metaverse, or virtual universe, is a hypothetical iteration of the internet that supports persistent online 3D virtual environments through traditional personal computers as well as virtual and augmented reality devices. The "metaverse", which has been on the agenda in recent days, had a great impact both in Turkey and in the world. In other words, a virtual world, represented by a metaverse avatar, where users can shop, socialize, participate in leisure activities and learn. The concept of metaverse, which came to the fore with billions of dollars of investment plans by companies such as Facebook, Microsoft, Roblox and Epic, is seen as the next stage in the development of the internet. It is possible to access this virtual reality universe using VR headsets, augmented reality (AR), smart watches and smart glasses. With the increasing popularity of online learning, educators, trainers, institutions are looking for ways to make distance learning more interesting and interactive. There are 4 important ways that the metadata store can help with this; creating an engaging and life-like online classroom, encourage communication, supporting immersive learning and enriching gamification. Due to the effect of the pandemic on digitalization, many different models have been developed in education methods and three-dimensional models have been focused on, where students' readiness levels and interaction with each other are higher. Metaverse is one of these methods. In this sense, it is important to get opinions from teachers and students, who are the most important stakeholders of education, in the use of metaverse technologies, which make a quick introduction to learning and teaching processes, in educational environments. It is important to determine the readiness levels of students and teachers, especially for the use of metaverse technologies in teaching environments. In the light of all these, this study was based on evaluating the teachers' attitudes towards metaverse technologies by considering the teacher dimension. It is aimed to present a valid and reliable scale that can be developed for the relevant subject. The validity and reliability studies of the scale were carried out on a total of 301 computers teachers working as permanent teachers in a city in Türkiye. The three-factor structure (perceived benefit, readiness and satisfaction) of the scale with an eigenvalue greater than 1 explains 78.42% of the total variance. A scale whose validity and reliability have been proven according to the results of EFA and CFA has been added to the literature. Moreover it is foreseen that the research will be important since it is the first scale developed in Türkiye on the metaverse.
Towards a (Trans) Inclusive Science Higher Education in India: Notes on Political Solidarity and its Possibilities
Authors: Parekh Riya , Datta Sayantan
Published: December 2022

In this study, we critically evaluate transgender-rights, anti-caste, feminist and disability-rights discourses in the context of science higher education in India to explore provocative possibilities of political solidarity between different marginalized groups. We propose four registers of exploring these discourses – that of nature and culture of science and science institutions, infrastructure, affirmative action and curriculum – and highlight the ways in which these registers offer possibilities of political solidarity. In essence, we argue that a political solidarity – driven activism potentiates transformative and productive ways to challenge different forms of gendered, casteist and ableist violence in science higher education in India.
Analysis of nationwide groundwater monitoring networks using lumped-parameter models
Authors: Collenteur Raoul , Moeck Christian , Schirmer Mario , Birk Steffen
Published: December 2022

Many countries maintain nationwide groundwater networks to monitor the status of their groundwater resources. For effective groundwater resource management, it is fundamental to understand the groundwater dynamics measured in the individual monitoring wells. Nationwide monitoring networks typically cover multiple aquifer systems with different degrees of environmental complexity. The analysis of the data of such networks thus requires flexible modeling approaches. In this study, we assessed the applicability and performance of lumped-parameter models using impulse response functions, as implemented in the Pastas software, to simulate hydraulic head data from the nationwide groundwater monitoring network in Switzerland. The selected 28 monitoring wells in the network are situated in unconsolidated, relatively shallow aquifers across Switzerland. Given the very diverse topography in the study area, snowmelt processes affect some aquifers, while groundwater-surface water interactions are important in the valleys. Different linear and nonlinear models were tested to take precipitation and potential evaporation into account, with a new model developed as part of this study to account for the effect of snow processes on recharge generation. After generally good fits in both the calibration and evaluation were achieved, the models were used to identify and quantify which stresses (e.g., precipitation, river stages) control the groundwater dynamics. The results show that precipitation and evaporation explain large parts of the measured dynamics, and about half of the monitoring wells in the network appear to be influenced by river stages. Explicitly accounting for snow processes in the recharge generating process is found to improve the simulation of the head dynamics across Switzerland, particularly for wells in high-altitude aquifers. This study demonstrates for the first time the applicability of lumped-parameter models using impulse response functions to model heads in Switzerland, and more generally, in climatic settings where snow processes are impacting the head dynamics.
Erosion rate maps highlight spatio-temporal patterns of uplift and quantify sediment export of the Northern Andes
Authors: Ott Richard , Perez-Cosnuegra Nicolas , Scherler Dirk , Mora Andres , Huppert Kimberly , Braun Jean , Hoke Gregory
Published: December 2022

Erosion rates are widely used to assess tectonic uplift and sediment export from mountain ranges. However, the scarcity of erosion rate measurements often hinders detailed tectonic interpretations. Here, we present 25 new cosmogenic nuclide-derived erosion rates from the Northern Andes of Colombia to study spatio-temporal patterns of uplift along the Central and Eastern Cordillera. Specifically, we combine our new and published erosion rate data with precipitation-corrected normalized channel steepness measurements for building high-resolution erosion rate maps. We find that erosion rates in the southern Central Cordillera are relatively uniform and average ~0.3 mm/a, whereas rapidly eroding canyons dissect slowly eroding, low-relief surfaces in the northern Central Cordillera. We interpret that long-term, steep slab subduction has led to an erosional steady-state in the southern Cordillera Central, whereas in the northern Cordillera Central, Late Miocene slab flattening caused an acceleration in uplift, to which the landscape has not yet equilibrated. The Eastern Cordillera also displays pronounced erosional disequilibrium, with a slowly eroding central plateau rimmed by faster eroding western and eastern flanks. Our maps suggest recent topographic growth of the Eastern Cordillera, with deformation focused along the eastern flank, which is also supported by balanced cross-sections and thermochronologic data. Spatial gradients in predicted erosion rates along the eastern flank of the Eastern Cordillera suggest transient basin-ward migration of thrusts. Finally, using our erosion maps to infer millennial-scale sediment fluxes, we find that the Eastern Cordillera exports nearly four times more sediment than the Central Cordillera. Our analysis shows that accounting for spatial variations in erosion parameters and climate gradients reveals important variations in tectonic forcing that would otherwise be obscured in traditional river profile analyses. Moreover, given relationships between tectonic, and topographic evolution, we hypothesize that the dynamic landscape evolution of the Northern Andes revealed by our erosion maps is mostly linked to spatio-temporal variations in slab dip with potentially superposed effects from inherited Mesozoic rift structures.