bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Educational Intervention for Increasing Teachers’ ADHD Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior
Authors: hossennia Maede , Mazaheri Maryam Amidi , Heidari Zahra
Published: June 2020

Background: this study evaluated the effect of an educational intervention for increasing elementary school teachers’ ADHD knowledge, attitudes, and behavior.Method: Teachers from 12 schools who had at least one students with a definitive diagnosis of ADHD participated in the study and were allocated into either an intervention (n=31) or control group (n=27). Teachers’ ADHD knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior were assessed before and after intervention. Six-session participatory intervention were provided only for the intervention group.Results: Two mounts after the intervention, the intervention group scored significantly higher on all three outcomes (P≤0.001).Conclusion: The educational intervention significantly improved teachers’, knowledge, attitudes as well as their behaviors and strategies to manage children with ADHD. It is recommended that this program will incorporate into in-service training courses for primary school teachers as a means of facilitating teaching and managing children with ADHD in class. Trial registration: The study was approved by the by the Research Deputy of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. In addition, The Ethical Committee of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences approved the study proposal. (ID code: IR.MUI.RESEARCH.REC.1398.297). The required permission from Education Department of Isfahan City was attained. Participation in the study was voluntary. Before taking part in the study, selected teachers provided written consent also study goals were described to them.
Comorbidity Accrual and Mortality Rate for Patients with Giant-Cell Arteritis and Polymyalgia Rheumatica are Similar Regardless of Glucocorticoid Cumulative Dose: A Longitudinal, Retrospective Study
Authors: Pokroy-Shapira Elisheva , Dortort-Lazar Ariela , Molad Yair
Published: June 2020

Background: Patients with giant-cell arteritis (GCA) and polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) are treated with high cumulative glucocorticoid (GC) doses during their disease course. We sought to determine the accrual of comorbidity as well as survival in patients with GCA and PMR.Methods: We conducted a retrospective follow-up study of an inception cohort of patients diagnosed with GCA and PMR, persistently followed at our rheumatology clinic during January 1990 - March 2018. Disease manifestations, duration of GC dose tapering and discontinuation, and mortality rate and causes were compiled. Cumulative GC dose was determined. We scored baseline and last encounter age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), Rheumatic Disease Comorbidity Index (RDCI), and CCI and RDCI increment (Δ) at last study encounter.Results: The cohort consisted of 69 patients (24 GCA and 45 PMR, 68.1% female). Prednisone cumulative dose was 13,382.19±6189.21 mg and 6,610.36±4,755.55 mg for GCA and PMR, respectively, p <0.001. Prednisone-free remission rate for the entire cohort was 28.9 percent for a mean follow-up period of 7.7 (range: 1-16. 9) years. The CCI and RDCI scores at diagnosis and at last study encounter did not differ between the GCA and PMR groups. Interestingly, initial prednisone dose, time to achieving 50% and 25% of initial prednisone dose, time to daily prednisone dose of 7.5mg and 5mg, as well as time to prednisone discontinuation and prednisone-free survival did not differ when comparing ΔCCI ≥1 and RDCI ≥1 with ΔCCI=0 and RDCI =0, respectively. Mortality rate did not differ between the GCA and PMR groups.Conclusions: Despite significant higher cumulative doses of prednisone for patients with GCA compared to patients with PMR, comorbidity scores and mortality rate were comparable. Our results emphasize the unmet need for novel steroid-sparing drugs in PMR as well as in GCA.Trial registration: This article reports a retrospective study and does not report results of health care intervention.
DPP4 Polymorphisms Are Associated With Hypoalphalipoproteine mia and DPP4 Serum Levels. A Case-control Study of the GEA Cohort.
Authors: Vargas-Alarcón Gilberto , González-Salazar María del Carmen , Vázquez-Vázquez Christian , Couder Adrián Hernández-Díaz , Sánchez-Muñoz Fausto , Reyes-Barrera Juan , Criales-Vera Sergio A. , Sánchez-Guerra Marco , Osorio-Yáñez Citlalli , Posadas-Sanchez Rosalinda
Published: June 2020

Background: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) can influence lipid homeostasis and atherosclerosis progression. Our aim was to assess the association of DPP4 gene polymorphisms with hypoalphalipoproteinemia and DPP4 levels, in a cohort of Mexican individuals.Methods: Five DPP4 polymorphisms (rs12617336, rs12617656, rs1558957, rs3788979, rs17574) were genotyped in 748 participants with and 745 without hypoalphalipoproteinemia. The associations were evaluated using logistic regression analyses.Results: Under inheritance models adjusted for confounding variables, the rs12617336 (OR = 0.22, Pheterozygote = 0.001) and rs17574 (OR = 0.79, Padditive = 0.033; OR = 0.75, Pdominant = 0.021; OR = 0.75, Pheterozygote = 0.029; OR = 0.74, Pcodominant1 = 0.024) polymorphisms were associated with a low risk of hypoalphalipoproteinemia. Moreover, GTTCG haplotype was also related with a low risk of this condition (OR = 0.75, P = 0.021). Additionally, both polymorphisms were associated with protection for the presence of insulin resistance (IR) (OR = 0.17, Pheterozygote = 0.019 for rs12617336 and OR = 0.75, Padditive = 0.049 for rs17574). The rs12617336 was also associated with a low risk of hyperinsulinemia (OR = 0.11, Pheterozygote = 0.006). Difference in DPP4 levels were observed in individuals with rs17574 genotypes, the rs17574GG genotype individuals had the lowest levels.Conclusions: Our data suggest that rs12617336 and rs17574 DPP4 polymorphism could be envisaged as protective genetic markers for hypoalphalipoproteinemia, IR, and hyperinsulinemia. The rs17574GG genotype was associated with the lowest DPP4 levels.
The Effect of Smoking on Progression From Ductal Carcinoma in Situ to Invasive Ductal Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Takada Koji , Kashiwagi Shinichiro , Asano Yuka , Goto Wataru , Kouhashi Rika , Yabumoto Akimichi , Morisaki Tamami , Shibutani Masatsune , Takashima Tsutomu , Fujita Hisakazu , Hirakawa Kosei , Ohira Masaichi
Published: June 2020

Background:If ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is diagnosed by histological examination such as core needle biopsy or vacuum-assisted biopsy (VAB), invasion is often found by removing the entire tumor and performing pathological examination. According to a meta-analysis, the rate of invasion found by postoperative pathological examination is about 25%. Smoking is a risk factor for carcinogenesis in various carcinomas, including breast cancer. We examined the correlation between the risk of invasion found by postoperative pathology and smoking history in patients who were diagnosed with DCIS by preoperative biopsy.Methods:In this study, we examined 128 patients who were diagnosed with DCIS by preoperative biopsy. Before the biopsy, all patients were asked about the duration of smoking, number of cigarettes smoked per day, and whether they were currently smoking. The data were used to calculate each patient’s tobacco exposure based on pack-years. The statistical analyses included the Pearson’s chi-square test and logistic analysis. Multivariate analysis was performed on the risk factors for invasion diagnosed by postoperative pathological examination in all cases diagnosed with DCIS by preoperative biopsy.Results: Of all the patients included in this study, 107 (83.5%)neversmoked, which represented the majority, while8 patients (6.3%) smoked at diagnosis with DCIS, and 13 (10.2%) had quit smokingbefore diagnosis.Tobacco exposure was 10 or less pack-years for11 patients (8.6%) and more than 10 pack-years for10 patients (7.8%). Number of pack-years was not an independent factor (p=0.349, odds ratio [OR]=0.329), but current smoker status (p=0.006, OR=not calculable) was an independent factor with VAB (p=0.018, OR=0.327).Conclusions: This study suggests that tobacco components may have an influence on the progression from DCIS to invasive ductal carcinoma.
COVID-19 BAĞLAMINDA VEBA ROMANINDA BİR PARADOKS OLARAK YAŞAM SANCISI
Authors: ULUTAŞ Nurullah
Published: June 2020

Tarih boyunca büyük salgınların insanoğlunun hayatını olumsuz etkilediği bilinmektedir. Özellikle kolera, veba, sarıhumma, HIV / AIDS, İspanyol Gribi, Sars ve Ebola gibi salgınlar bugüne kadar milyonlarca insanın ölümüne sebep olmuştur. Son dönemde Çin’in Wuhan kentinde ortaya çıkan ve 5,5 milyondan fazla insanın yakalandığı, bunların 350 bininin hayatını kaybettiği Korona virüs salgınıyla tüm dünya mücadele etmeye devam etmektedir. Salgınlarla ilgili yazılmış ve birçok dile çevrilmiş yapıtların başında Albert Camus'un Veba romanı gelir. II. Dünya Savaşı yıllarında yazılmış bu roman görünürde veba hastalığının etkilerini kurgusal olarak anlatsa da arka planda Nazi Almanya'sının Polonyalılar ve Yahudiler için hazırladığı ölüm kamplarını, Cezayir işgali sırasında Fransızların yaptığı işkenceleri hatırlatır. Yazar, romanda saçma dünyada saçma bir hayatı yaşamak zorunda bırakılan insanın bu anlamsızlığa karşı başkaldırısını umutsuzluk, kaygı ve korku gibi duygular ekseninde işler. Bu çalışmada Veba romanından yola çıkarak COVID-19 bağlamında salgınların insanı etkileyen boyutları analiz edilmeye çalışılacaktır.
Optimization of the Educational Process at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of IFNMU Considering the Competency-Based Approach
Authors: Orishchak Diana , Popovych Vasyl , Vasyliuk Nataliia , Koshel Ivanna , Orishchak Ostap
Published: June 2020

The paper presents modern competency-based approach to teaching otorhinolaryngology using new technologies that will improve the assimilation of new material considering each student’ knowledge, skills, and experience. The competency-based approach can be successfully implemented based on active learning, introducing elements of professional activity in the educational process. While analyzing clinical cases, business and learning games, the student becomes a specialist and future’s team member. The quality of education should be improved through an effective organization and informatization of the educational process, the introduction of the latest research results in teaching practice, the provision of high-quality teaching and the development of modern learning and teaching base.
Foreign Bodies of the Nasal Cavity in Adults
Authors: Orishchak Diana , Vasyliuk Nataliia , Orishchak Ostap
Published: June 2020

Several cases of foreign bodies in adults’ nasal cavities have been analyzed. There were represented some peculiarities of clinical course, diagnostics and medical care providing.
Cluster Analysis of Myelin Nerve Fibers of the Periferal Nerve
Authors: Yurakh Omelian , Popadynets Oksana , Yurakh Halyna , Osypchuk Mykhailo , Tokaryk Nadiya , Hryshchuk Mariia , Kotyk Taras
Published: June 2020

One of the unsolved issues in neuromorphology is the classification of myelin nerve fibers (MNF). Objective: to use cluster analysis to classify the sciatic nerve MNF.

Material and methods. The work was performed using 5 one-year-old male Wistar rats. Semi-thin sections were stained with methylene blue. MNF morphometry was performed using ImageJ, and statistical processing – using the software environment R.

Results of the study. Ward’s and k-means methods were used to cluster the MNF. Three clusters of MNFs are defined and their parameters are determined. The presented algorithm for adapting the literature data to the format of the obtained results includes determining the total average for the combined set of each indicator and the total variance, which is the sum of intragroup and intergroup variances.

Conclusions: 1) for the classification of MNF it is advisable to use cluster analysis; 2) clustering should be performed according to the transsection areas of the axial cylinder and myelin sheath; 3) the number of clusters is determined by the agglomerative method of Ward, and their metrics – by the iterative method of k-means; 4) three clusters of MNF of the rat sciatic nerve differ in the transsection areas of the fibers, the axial cylinder and the myelin sheath and the percentage of nerve fibers; 5) when comparing identical indicators according to the obtained and literature data, the results were equivalent in the areas of the axial cylinder and myelin sheath and their shape coefficients, despite the fact that the classification of myelin fibers and their morphometry was performed using different methods.
Reparação de danos extrapatrimoniais sofridos pelos familiares de trabalhadores falecidos como consequência de acidente de trabalho
Authors: Almeida Cléber Lúcio de
Published: June 2020

RESUMO:O presente ensaio examina a tarifação da reparação dos danos extrapatrimoniais decorrentes da relação de trabalho promovida pela Lei n. 13.467/17, utilizando como métodos a revisão bibliográfica e a análise da citada lei à luz da Constituição da República e do Direito Internacional dos Direitos Humanos. Ao final, o que se pretende é apresentar resposta para duas indagações principais: a tarifação da reparação dos danos extrapatrimoniais decorrentes da relação de trabalho promovida pela Lei n. 13.467/17 alcança os familiares dos trabalhadores falecidos em consequência de acidente de trabalho? A tarifação da reparação dos danos extrapatrimoniais decorrentes da relação de trabalho promovida pela Lei n. 13.467/17 é constitucional e está em harmonia com o Direito Internacional dos Direitos Humanos? ABSTRACT:This essay examines the assessment of the reparation of non-property damages resulting from the employment relationship promoted by Statute no. 13.467/17, using as methods bibliographical revision and the analysis of the Statute in light of the Constitution of the Republic and of International Human Rights Law. In the end, it is intended to answer two main questions: Does the assessment of the reparation of non-property damages resulting from the employment relationship promoted by Statute no. 13.467/17 covers the relatives of deceased workers as a result of an accident at work? Is the assessment of the reparation of property damages resulting from the employment relationship promoted by Statute no. 13.467/17 constitutional, and is it in harmony with International Human Rights Law?
Do juiz herói ao tribunal democrático
Authors: Diógenes Beatriz Nunes , Espíndola Diane
Published: June 2020

RESUMO:O objetivo deste artigo foi refletir sobre o atual papel do Poder Judiciário como porta-voz do texto constitucional e ator político em constante relação conflituosa com o legislativo. Discutiu-se sobre o ativismo judicial e a atuação do Supremo Tribunal Federal como legislador moral (superego da sociedade), a ideia do juiz herói e seus desdobramentos democráticos, principalmente quanto ao sistema de freios e contrapesos. Observou-se a existência de um movimento de hiperjudicialização de questões éticas e políticas, que acarreta o desequilíbrio da dinâmica institucional do modelo democrático. Conclui-se que a atuação do Poder Judiciário não deve ser marcada pelo decisionismo disfarçado de ordem de valores, nem tampouco deve atuar como legislador moral e nem permitir a ausência de vinculação ao padrão normativo. Foi sugerido, para tanto, o aperfeiçoamento da dinâmica institucional brasileira através da interação permanente entre o judiciário e o legislativo, em busca da formação de uma teoria normativa da separação de poderes que promova um debate qualitativo consubstanciado na razão pública, que resguarde direitos e tonifique a dimensão deliberativa do modelo político em vigor. Utilizou-se, para tal reflexão, do método de pesquisa bibliográfico.ABSTRACT:The purpose of this article was to reflect on the current role of the judiciary as a spokesperson for the constitutional text and political actor in constant conflicting relationship with the legislative. It was discussed about judicial activism and the performance of the Supreme Court as moral legislator (society’s superego), the idea of the judge hero and its democratic repercussions, especially regarding the system of checks and balances. The existence of a movement of hyperjudicialization of ethical and political issues was observed, which causes the imbalance of the institutional dynamics of the democratic model. It is concluded that the performance of the judiciary should not be marked by decisionism disguised as an order of values, nor should it act as a moral legislator or allow the absence of binding to the normative standard. To this end, it was suggested that the Brazilian institutional dynamics be improved through the permanent interaction between the judiciary and the legislature, seeking the formation of a normative theory of the separation of powers that promotes a qualitative debate embodied in public reason that safeguards rights and tones the deliberative dimension of the current political model. For such reflection, the bibliographic research method was used
Reforma Trabalhista: uma das muitas formas de expressão da nova razão de mundo
Authors: Almeida Paula Freitas de , Cruz Reginaldo Euzébio , Anjos Renato Lima dos
Published: June 2020

RESUMO:O objetivo desse texto é demonstrar que a reforma trabalhista ocorrida no Brasil por meio das leis 13.429 e 13.467, de 2017 promove a desregulação das relações de trabalho e coloca em seu lugar um conjunto normativo de tutela do processo de acúmulo de capital. Ao fazer isso, o país concretiza na sua dimensão juslaboral a “nova razão de mundo”, numa compreensão de que não se trata apenas de um novo modelo econômico ou de produção, mas sim de um novo modo de vida em sociedade. Buscar-se-á demonstrar a presença desse processo por meio da análise de três aspectos que dialogam na conformação entre dinâmica do mundo do trabalho e a regulação que sobre ela recaí, a saber i) qual o contorno institucional que vem se conformando em torno da uberização, ii) a assumpção da figura do trabalhador hipersuficiente para atacar a sua forma de organização coletiva e, por fim, iii) a introdução do critério econômico como meio de acesso à justiça do trabalho.ABSTRACT:The purpose of this article is to show that the labor reform that took place inBrazil through laws 13.429 and 13.467 in 2017 promoted the deregulation oflabor’s relations and substituted the previous regulation with a normative set toprotect the process of capital accumulation. In so doing, the country realizes in its juslaboral dimension the “new way of the world” through a mindset that it is not just a new economic or production model, but a new way of life in society. It seeks to demonstrate the presence of this process by analyzing three aspects that dialogue in the conformation between the dynamics of the world of work and the regulation that falls on it, namely: i) what is the institutional outline being formed through the “uberrization” process, ii) the assumption of the figure of the self-sufficient worker up against their collective organization and, finally, iii) the introduction of the economic criterion as a means of access to labor justice.
YÜKSEK HIZLI DEMİRYOLLARI, AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ DEMİRYOLU POLİTİKALARI VE BU BAĞLAMDA TÜRKİYE’DEKİ GELİŞMELERİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Altan Mehmet Fatih , Kızıltaş Mehmet Çağrı
Published: June 2020

Kentsel odak noktaları ile mücavir alan arasındaki fiziksel dengenin yüksek hızlı demiryolları ile temininin yanı sıra söz konusu bölgeler arasındaki erişilebilirlik de artmaktadır. Diğer taraftan, merkez ve çevre arası ekonomik dengesizliğin artma ihtimali de söz konusudur. Dolayısıyla, yüksek hızlı demiryolları yatırımlarını bağlayan birçok parametre söz konusudur. Bunlar ekonomik, sosyal, teknik, kültürel ve politik olmak üzere birçok aşamayı da ihtiva etmekte olup belirleyici bir öneme sahip olmaktadır. Bu çerçevede, bir yüksek hızlı demiryolu hattının, bölgesel merkezlerin imajını ve erişilebilirliğini, yeni bir hattın ana kent ve küçük kentlere getirdiği rekabet olanaklarını nasıl etkilediği soruları ortaya konmaktadır. Bütün bu koşullar, YHD istasyonlarının konumlanmasına bağlı olarak gelişmektedir. Söz konusu yerleşim trenlerin terminaller ve ara duraklarda dur kalk periyotlarına bağlı olan hizmet unsurlarını kapsamaktadır. Bu çalışma kapsamında öncelikle yüksek hızlı demiryollarının kapsamı ortaya konmuştur. Ardından Avrupa Birliği’nde yüksek hızlı demiryolları bağlamında gelişme eğilimleri paylaşılmıştır. Türkiye’nin konumu, yüksek hızlı demiryollarında performansı ve bunun AB ile olan ilişkisi de incelenmiştir.
BİYOYAKIT TEDARİK ZİNCİRİ AĞ TASARIMI ÇALIŞMALARI İÇİN ÖZ DÜZENLEYİCİ HARİTALAR
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Fatih , KUŞAKCI Ali Osman , AYVAZ Berk , SIRAKAYA KARAKOÇ Melike
Published: June 2020

Son yıllarda çevre dostu yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarına ilgi artmaktadır. Ülkemizde Enerji Piyasası Düzenleme Kurumu (EPDK) tarafından, 2013 yılından itibaren benzine ve motorine yerli katkı olarak, oranları her yıl arttırılmak üzere biyodizel ve etanol ilave zorunluluğu getirilmiştir. Bu da yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları için etkin ve optimal yeşil tedarik zinciri ağı tasarımı çalışmalarının yapılmasını gerekli kılmaktadır. Bu bağlamda karar vericiler, ekonomik gelişme sağlayan, çevre hassasiyeti olan ve sosyal refahı sağlayan sürdürülebilir çözümler üretmek için biyoenerji, rüzgâr, güneş, dalga, gelgit vs. gibi yenilenebilir enerjilere odaklanmışlardır Bu çalışmada biyoyakıtların tedarik zinciri ağ tasarımları ile ilgili yapılmış geçmiş çalışmalara yer verilmiş ve çalışmalar; amaçları, karar değişkenleri, kısıtları, kullanılan optimizasyon metodu ve sonuçları açısından analiz edilerek değerlendirilmiştir. İncelenen çalışmalar, yapay sinir ağlarının özel bir çeşidi olan öz düzenleyici haritalar (Self Organizing Maps-SOM) yöntemi kullanılarak kümelenmiş ve literatürdeki boşluklar tartışılmıştır. Literatürün incelemesi ve çalışmaların kümelenmesini içeren bu makale, biyoyakıt tedarik zinciri ağ tasarımı ile ilgili çalışma yapacak araştırmacılar için yol gösterici niteliktedir.
ESTIMATION OF THE FRICTION PARAMETERS OF LINEAR PNEUMATIC CYLINDERS
Authors: DAĞDELEN Mustafa , SARIGEÇİLİ Mehmet İlteriş
Published: June 2020

Nowadays, pneumatic actuation systems are utilized in many applications due to their outstanding advantages. However, the pneumatics possess nonlinear characteristics that complicate precise motion control. To extend the use of pneumatic actuators to different precise applications their non-linearity should be evaluated and compensated. This is only possible by correctly estimating the non-linear parameters that exist in pneumatic systems. The friction forces in pneumatic cylinders is one of the main nonlinear parameters. These parameters cannot be defined directly or listed precisely for any produced particular cylinder in manufacturer’s catalog. They should be estimated accurately by experimental methods. This paper presents a new, simple and cheap experimental method for identification of friction force parameters for standard linear double acting pneumatic cylinders. Two different pneumatic cylinders have been examined with the proposed method and it has been seen that the results sound promising to use in later control applications.
KISMİ YAYILI YÜK ETKİSİNDEKİ NANO KİRİŞLERİN DİNAMİK ANALİZİ
Authors: ARDA Mustafa
Published: June 2020

Kısmi yayılı yük etkisindeki karbon nanotüp kirişlerin dinamik analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Nano kiriş için hareketin yönetici denklemi ve sınır şartları Eringen’in Yerel Olmayan Elastisite Teorisi kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Kısmi yayılı yük etkisi Heaviside fonksiyonu ile modellenmiştir. Oluşturulan model, nano kirişin parçalara bölünmesiyle elde edilen model sonuçlarıyla karşılaştırılarak doğrulanmıştır. Nano kiriş titreşim frekansının yerel olmayan parametre, boyutsuz yayılı yük, yükün başlangıç noktası gibi parametrelerle değişimi incelenmiştir. Farklı titreşim frekanslarında çeşitli parametrelerin nano kirişin genlik değerlerine olan etkisi gösterilmiştir. Nano kirişin parçalara ayrılmasıyla artan süreklilik şartı sayısının oluşturduğu yüksek boyutlu matrislerin çözümüne alternatif olarak oluşturulan modelde dört sınır şartıyla çözüme ulaşılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları bakteri veya virüs gibi nano kütle sensörlerinin modellenmesinde kullanılabilir.
AFYON-SANDIKLI JEOTERMAL ALANINDA DÜŞEY ELEKTRİK SONDAJ (DES) ARAŞTIRMASI VE KUYULARIN FİZİKSEL ÖZELLİKLERİ
Authors: DOLMAZ M.nuri , ŞAHİN Bilal , TÜTÜNSATAR Hatice Evrim , BALKAYA Çağlayan
Published: June 2020

Afyonkarahisar ili Sandıklı ilçe sınırları içerisindeki bir alanın jeotermal potansiyelinin araştırılması amacı ile bir elektrik özdirenç çalışması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Schlumberger elektrot dizilimi kullanılarak düşey elektrik sondajı (DES) tekniği ile toplanan toplam 6 adet veri kümesi bir ve iki boyutlu (1B ve 2B) modellenmiştir. 1B’lu modellemede sönümlü en-küçük kareler yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Düzgünlük-kısıtlı doğrusallaştırılmış en-küçük kareler iyileştirmesine dayanan 2B’lu modellemede yaklaşık K-G doğrultulu bir profil üzerinde toplam 6 DES noktası değerlendirilmiştir. Böylece jeolojik formasyonların yanal ve düşey yöndeki uzanımları, yeraltındaki su içeriği ve düşük özdirençli zonlar belirlenerek çalışma alanının jeotermal potansiyeli ortaya konmuştur. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar dikkate alındığında, alandaki 15 ohm.m’den düşük özdirenç değerleri gösteren bölgelerde sondajlar önerilmiştir. Ayrıca, bu çalışmada Afyon Sandıklı jeotermal alanında yer alan kuyuların ve kuyulardan elde edilen sıcak akışkanın fiziksel özellikleri bölgenin jeotermal enerji potansiyelinin ortaya konması amacı ile incelenmiştir. Sandıklı havzasındaki sığ ve derin kuyulardan alınan sıcaklık bilgileri değerlendirildiğinde, Sandıklı ilçe merkezinin batısındaki kuyulardaki sıcaklık değerlerinin çevredeki diğer alanlara göre yüksek olması (ortalama 65 °C) jeotermal kökenli rezervuarın bu bölgede yoğunlaştığını göstermektedir.
ZAMAN VE FREKANS DÜZLEMİNDE YORULMA ÖMRÜ HESAPLAMA YÖNTEMLERİNİN SONLU ELEMANLAR YÖNTEMİ İLE İNCELENMESİ
Authors: DEMİRKAYA Ömer Faruk , TÜFEKÇİ Kenan
Published: June 2020

Maruz kalınan titreşim nedeni ile meydana gelen yorulma hasarı ve ömrünü tespit etmek için zaman düzleminde ve frekans düzleminde hesaplama yapan yöntemler bulunmaktadır. Bu yöntemler sonlu eleman analizleri ile birlikte kullanılarak mekanik tasarımın şekillendirilmesi sürecinde kritik rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışmada zaman düzleminde yorulma hesaplayan Rainflow yöntemi ve frekans düzleminde yorulma hesaplayan Dirlik yöntemi sonlu elemanlar analizleri yardımı ile incelenmiş ve minimum yorulma ömrünü Dirlik metodunun verdiği görülmüştür. Herhangi bir test ile tasarım doğrulama imkânı bulunmadığında ve tasarım yalnızca sonlu elemanlar yöntemi ile değerlendirileceğinde, Dirlik metodu sonuçları referans alınarak yapılacak tasarımın en güvenli tasarımı vereceği için en avantajlı yöntem olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
KAPALI ALAN KONUMLANDIRMA SİSTEMLERİ İÇİN DÜĞÜM PROTOTİPİ GELİŞTİRME
Authors: KIRBAŞ İsmail , ARSLAN Kadir
Published: June 2020

Kablosuz haberleşme sistemleri günümüzün en çok kullanılan ve hızla gelişen teknolojileri arasında bulunmaktadır. Kablosuz sistemlerdeki ve donanımsal malzemelerdeki gelişmeler ile düşük maliyetli, düşük enerji tüketimli ve kurulumları kolay kablosuz ağlar tasarlanarak bir ortamdaki farklı fiziksel veriler elde edilebilmektedir. Nesnelerin bulundukları yerleri tespit etmek amacıyla kullanılan konumlandırma sistemleri, kablosuz teknolojileri kullanmaktadır. Günümüzde konumlandırma sistemlerinin kullanımı giderek artmakta ve yaygınlaşmaktadır. İlk olarak açık alanlarda konum belirlemek için kullanılan GPS uydu sistemleri geliştirilmiştir. Bu sistem dünya genelinde askeri ve sivil uygulamalarda yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Açık alan konumlandırma da genellikle uydu sinyallerinden faydalanılır ve sinyallerin geliş süresi üzerinden konum tespiti gerçekleştirilir. Ancak kapalı alanlar söz konusu olduğunda farklı bir yaklaşım ve çözüm geliştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Çalışmamızda kapalı alanlarda konum belirlemek amacıyla Wi-Fi ve Bluetooth sinyallerinden yararlanan üç ayrı donanım geliştirilmiştir. Makine öğrenmesi yöntemleri kullanarak yapılan denemeler, kapalı alanda konum belirlemek için geliştirilen donanımların 1-1,5m aralığında bir hata ile konum tespiti yapabildiğini göstermektedir.
ÇİMENTOLU MACUN DOLGUDA C SINIFI UÇUCU KÜLÜN ÇİMENTO YERİNE İKAMESİNİN DAYANIMA OLAN ETKİLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: TÜYLÜ Serkan
Published: June 2020

Çimentolu macun dolgu (ÇMD) yöntemi, öncelikle yüksek miktarda proses atıklarının yeraltında depolanabilmesine imkan vermesinin yanında tavan yüklerine bağlı göçüklere karşı da destek sağlayan önemli bir atık yönetimi sistemidir. Dolayısıyla bu sistem içerisinde oluşturulan macun malzemenin zamana bağlı olarak alacağı maksimum dayanım değeri önem kazanmaktadır. İstenilen dayanımın sağlanabilmesi için, macun malzemenin optimum karışım oranlarının en az maliyetle belirlenmesi gerekmektedir. Bu kapsamda, macun dolgudaki yüksek maliyetlerden birini oluşturan çimento miktarını düşürmek için Tufanbeyli uçucu külünün çimento yerine ikame edilebileceği yaklaşık katkı oranının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Öncelikle çökme deneylerine göre macun malzemedeki katı içeriği %80 olarak belirlenmiş ve buna göre ÇMD referans numuneleri hazırlanmıştır. %80 katı içeriği sabit tutularak %3-11 arası çimento kullanımı gerçekleştirilmiş, bunlardan %9 ve %11 çimento içerikli numunelerin dayanımlarının yeterli dayanım değerleri verdiği tespit edilmiştir. Daha sonra bu çimento oranlarının da %20-30-40 ve 50’si oranında çimento yerine uçucu kül ikameli numuneler hazırlanmış ve 28, 56 ve 90 günlük kür sürelerine göre de macun dolgu malzemesinin dayanımına etkileri incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, referans numunelere göre %9 çimentonun %30’una kadar uçucu kül ikamesinin özellikle 56 ve 90 günlük kür sürelerinde ve %11 çimentonun %50’sine kadar uçucu kül ikameli karışımların ÇMD karışımında kullanılabileceği ortaya konulmuştur.
VAN GÖLÜ KAPALI HAVZASINDA YAĞIŞLARIN TREND ANALİZİ
Authors: COŞKUN Sevda
Published: June 2020

Çalışmanın alan kapsamını Türkiye’nin Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nde Van Gölü kapalı havzası oluşturmaktadır. Van Gölü Kapalı havzası, Türkiye’nin en büyük ikinci kapalı havzasını meydana getirmektedir. Çalışmanın konu kapsamı; havza içerisinde 30 yıldan fazla rasata sahip 7 istasyonun (Van-Bölge, Muradiye, Erçiş, Gevaş, Özalp, Tatvan ve Ahlat) ortalama yağış verilerinin trend analizidir. Havza genelinde uzun yıllar boyunca ölçüm yapan Van-Bölge, Muradiye, Erçiş, Gevaş, Özalp, Tatvan ve Ahlat istasyonlarının aylık ölçülmüş ortalama yağış verileri ele alınarak yıllık ve mevsimlik eğilimlerini analiz etmek araştırmanın amacını oluşturmaktadır. Kapalı havzalarda iklim değişikliğinin etkilerinin daha kolay fark edileceği düşüncesiyle Van Gölü Kapalı havzası alan olarak seçilmiştir. Ayrıca ulusal ve uluslararası literatüre iklim değişikliği ile ilgili bir Türkiye örneğinin daha kazandırılması istenmiştir. Araştırmada yöntem olarak Mann-Kendall Testi, Spearman’ın Rho ve Şen Testi temel alınmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre Gevaş ve Ahlat istasyonlarında yıllık yağışlarda azalma meydana gelirken, Van-Bölge istasyonunda anlamlı olmayan bir artış görülmüştür. Mevsimlik olarak ise Erciş ve Ahlat istasyonlarında anlamlı bir azalış tespit edilirken Van-Bölge de ise anlamlı olmayan bir artış gözlenmiştir. Muradiye (kış mevsimi hariç) ve Tatvan istasyonlarında ise genel olarak yağışlarda bir eğilime saptanamamıştır. Havza genelinde hem yıllık hem de mevsimlik yağışlarda azalma eğilimi dikkat çekerken Van Bölge istasyonunda ise anlamlı olmayan artış eğilimi görülmektedir.
Role of a Digital Return-To-Work Solution for Individuals With Common Mental Disorders: Qualitative Study of the Perspectives of Three Stakeholder Groups
Authors: Engdahl Patrik , Svedberg Petra , Lexén Annika , Bejerholm Ulrika
Published: June 2020

Background

Although effective return-to-work (RTW) interventions are not widely available for individuals with common mental disorders on sick leave, there is potential for transforming such interventions into a digital solution in an effort to make them more widely available. However, little is currently known about the viewpoints of different stakeholder groups, which are critical for successful development and implementation of a digital RTW intervention in health care services.

Objective

The aim of this study was to examine stakeholder groups’ perspectives on the role and legitimacy of a digital RTW solution called mWorks for individuals with common mental disorders who are on sick leave.

Methods

A purposeful snowball sampling method was utilized to recruit respondents. Semistructured individual and focus group interviews were conducted for stakeholder groups of service users, RTW professionals, and influential managers regarding their experiences, needs, and preferences for mWorks. Content analysis generated themes and categories that constituted the main findings.

Results

The legitimacy of a digital RTW solution was high among all stakeholder groups since such a tool was perceived to enable service users to take control over their RTW process. This was mainly a product of accessible support and promotion of service user decision making, which had the potential to empower service users. All respondents stressed the importance of fostering a positive user experience with usability and emphasis on service user resources and strengths, as opposed to various limitations and shortcomings. Stakeholder groups highlighted critical content to facilitate RTW, such as the need to clarify a back-to-work plan, accompanied by an accessible RTW network and strategies for handling mental health problems. Implementation challenges primarily involved influential managers’ concern of legislation incompatibility with innovative technology, and RTW professionals’ concern of the possibility that digital solutions may replace them to a certain extent.

Conclusions

This formative research emphasizes the importance of shifting power from RTW professionals to service users. mWorks can play a role in mediating service user control over the RTW process, and thereby increase their empowerment. A digital RTW solution may facilitate the circumvention of implementation barriers associated with introducing evidence-based RTW interventions in a traditional RTW context.
Internet-Based Sharing Nurse Program and Nurses’ Perceptions in China: Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Huang Rendong , Xu Mei , Li Xiuting , Wang Yinping , Wang Bin , Cui Naixue
Published: June 2020

Background

China is currently piloting a “Sharing Nurse” program that aims to increase the accessibility of nursing services to at-home patients by enabling patients to order nursing services using mobile apps or online platforms.

Objective

This study aims to assess nurses’ perceptions of the Sharing Nurse program, including their acceptance, concerns, needs, and willingness to take part in the program.

Methods

A total of 694 nurses participated in the questionnaire survey. The survey collected their sociodemographic and work-related information and their perceptions of the Sharing Nurse program using a self-developed questionnaire.

Results

The 694 respondents agreed that the Sharing Nurse program could provide patients with better access to nursing care (n=483, 69.6%). Their main concerns about the program were unclear liability division when medical disputes occur (n=637, 90.3%) and potential personal safety issues (n=604, 87%). They reported that insurance (n=611, 88%), permits from their affiliated hospital (n=562, 81.0%), clear instructions concerning rights and duties (n=580, 83.6%), real time positioning while delivering the service (n=567, 81.7%), and one-key alarm equipment (n=590, 85.0%) were necessary for better implementation of the program. More than half of the respondents (n=416, 60%) had an optimistic attitude toward the development of the Sharing Nurse program in China. However, only 19.4% (n=135) of the respondents expressed their willingness to be a “shared nurse.” Further analyses found that nurses with a master’s degree or above (χ23=28.835, P<.001) or from tertiary hospitals (χ23=18.669, P<.001) were more likely to be aware of the Sharing Nurse program and that male nurses were more willing to be shared nurses (Z=–2.275, P=.02).

Conclusions

The Chinese Sharing Nurse program is still in its infancy and many refinements are needed before it can be implemented nationwide. Generally, Chinese nurses are positive about the Sharing Nurse program and are willing to participate if the program is thoroughly regulated and supervised.
Statistical Issues and Lessons Learned From COVID-19 Clinical Trials With Lopinavir-Ritonavir and Remdesivir
Authors: Yin Guosheng , Zhang Chenyang , Jin Huaqing
Published: June 2020

Background

Recently, three randomized clinical trials on coronavirus disease (COVID-19) treatments were completed: one for lopinavir-ritonavir and two for remdesivir. One trial reported that remdesivir was superior to placebo in shortening the time to recovery, while the other two showed no benefit of the treatment under investigation.

Objective

The aim of this paper is to, from a statistical perspective, identify several key issues in the design and analysis of three COVID-19 trials and reanalyze the data from the cumulative incidence curves in the three trials using more appropriate statistical methods.

Methods

The lopinavir-ritonavir trial enrolled 39 additional patients due to insignificant results after the sample size reached the planned number, which led to inflation of the type I error rate. The remdesivir trial of Wang et al failed to reach the planned sample size due to a lack of eligible patients, and the bootstrap method was used to predict the quantity of clinical interest conditionally and unconditionally if the trial had continued to reach the originally planned sample size. Moreover, we used a terminal (or cure) rate model and a model-free metric known as the restricted mean survival time or the restricted mean time to improvement (RMTI) to analyze the reconstructed data. The remdesivir trial of Beigel et al reported the median recovery time of the remdesivir and placebo groups, and the rate ratio for recovery, while both quantities depend on a particular time point representing local information. We use the restricted mean time to recovery (RMTR) as a global and robust measure for efficacy.

Results

For the lopinavir-ritonavir trial, with the increase of sample size from 160 to 199, the type I error rate was inflated from 0.05 to 0.071. The difference of RMTIs between the two groups evaluated at day 28 was –1.67 days (95% CI –3.62 to 0.28; P=.09) in favor of lopinavir-ritonavir but not statistically significant. For the remdesivir trial of Wang et al, the difference of RMTIs at day 28 was –0.89 days (95% CI –2.84 to 1.06; P=.37). The planned sample size was 453, yet only 236 patients were enrolled. The conditional prediction shows that the hazard ratio estimates would reach statistical significance if the target sample size had been maintained. For the remdesivir trial of Beigel et al, the difference of RMTRs between the remdesivir and placebo groups at day 30 was –2.7 days (95% CI –4.0 to –1.2; P<.001), confirming the superiority of remdesivir. The difference in the recovery time at the 25th percentile (95% CI –3 to 0; P=.65) was insignificant, while the differences became more statistically significant at larger percentiles.

Conclusions

Based on the statistical issues and lessons learned from the recent three clinical trials on COVID-19 treatments, we suggest more appropriate approaches for the design and analysis of ongoing and future COVID-19 trials.
App Technology to Support Physical Activity and Intake of Vitamins and Minerals After Bariatric Surgery (the PromMera Study): Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Bonn Stephanie Erika , Hult Mari , Spetz Kristina , Löf Marie , Andersson Ellen , Wiren Mikael , Trolle Lagerros Ylva
Published: June 2020

Background

To optimize postoperative outcomes after bariatric surgery, lifestyle changes including increased physical activity are needed. Micronutrient deficiency after surgery is also common and daily supplementation is recommended.

Objective

The aim of the PromMera study is to evaluate the effects of a 12-week smartphone app intervention on promotion of physical activity (primary outcome) and adherence to postsurgery vitamin and mineral supplementation, as well as on other lifestyle factors and overall health in patients undergoing bariatric surgery.

Methods

The PromMera study is a two-arm, randomized controlled trial comprising patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Participants are randomized postsurgery 1:1 to either the intervention group (ie, use of the PromMera app for 12 weeks) or the control group receiving only standard care. Clinical and lifestyle variables are assessed pre- and postsurgery after 18 weeks (postintervention assessment), 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years. Assessments include body composition using Tanita or BOD POD analyzers, muscle function using handgrip, biomarkers in blood, and an extensive questionnaire on lifestyle factors. Physical activity is objectively measured using the ActiGraph wGT3X-BT triaxial accelerometer.

Results

A total of 154 participants have been enrolled in the study. The last study participant was recruited in May 2019. Data collection will be complete in May 2021.

Conclusions

Implementing lifestyle changes are crucial after bariatric surgery and new ways to reach patients and support such changes are needed. An app-based intervention is easily delivered at any time and can be a key factor in the adoption of healthier behavioral patterns in this rapidly growing group of patients.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03480464; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03480464

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/19624
Exploring Novel Funding Strategies for Innovative Medical Research: The HORAO Crowdfunding Campaign
Authors: Schucht Philippe , Roccaro-Waldmeyer Diana M , Murek Michael , Zubak Irena , Goldberg Johannes , Falk Stephanie , Dahlweid Fried-Michael , Raabe Andreas
Published: June 2020

Background

The rise of the internet and social media has boosted online crowdfunding as a novel strategy to raise funds for kick-starting projects, but it is rarely used in science.

Objective

We report on an online crowdfunding campaign launched in the context of the neuroscience project HORAO. The aim of HORAO was to develop a noninvasive real-time method to visualize neuronal fiber tracts during brain surgery in order to better delineate tumors and to identify crucial cerebral landmarks. The revenue from the crowdfunding campaign was to be used to sponsor a crowdsourcing campaign for the HORAO project.

Methods

We ran a 7-week reward-based crowdfunding campaign on a national crowdfunding platform, offering optional material and experiential rewards in return for a contribution toward raising our target of Swiss francs (CHF) 50,000 in financial support (roughly equivalent to US $50,000 at the time of the campaign). We used various owned media (websites and social media), as well as earned media (press releases and news articles) to raise awareness about our project.

Results

The production of an explanatory video took 60 hours, and 31 posts were published on social media (Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter). The campaign raised a total of CHF 69,109. Approximately half of all donations came from donors who forwent a reward (CHF 28,786, 48.74%); the other half came from donors who chose experiential and material rewards in similar proportions (CHF 14,958, 25.33% and CHF 15,315.69, 25.93%, respectively). Of those with an identifiable relationship to the crowdfunding team, patients and their relatives contributed the largest sum (CHF 17,820, 30.17%), followed by friends and family (CHF 9288, 15.73%) and work colleagues (CHF 6028, 10.21%), while 43.89% of funds came from donors who were either anonymous or had an unknown relationship to the crowdfunding team. Patients and their relatives made the largest donations, with a median value of CHF 200 (IQR 90).

Conclusions

Crowdfunding proved to be a successful strategy to fund a neuroscience project and to raise awareness of a specific clinical problem. Focusing on potential donors with a personal interest in the issue, such as patients and their relatives in our project, is likely to increase funding success. Compared with traditional grant applications, new skills are needed to explain medical challenges to the crowd through video messages and social media.
Converting Visitors of Physicians’ Personal Websites to Customers in Online Health Communities: Longitudinal Study
Authors: Chen Qin , Yan Xiangbin , Zhang Tingting
Published: June 2020

Background

With the dramatic development of Web 2.0, increasing numbers of patients and physicians are actively involved in online health communities. Despite extensive research on online health communities, the conversion rate from visitor to customer and its driving factors have not been discussed.

Objective

The aim of this study was to analyze the conversion rate of online health communities and to explore the effects of multisource online health community information, including physician-generated information, patient-generated information, and system-generated information.

Methods

An empirical study was conducted to examine the effects of physician-generated, patient-generated, and system-generated information on the conversion rate of physicians’ personal websites by analyzing short panel data from 2112 physicians over five time periods in a Chinese online health community.

Results

Multisource online health community information (ie, physician-generated, patient-generated, and system-generated information) positively affected the conversion rate. Physician-generated and patient-generated information showed a substitute relationship rather than a complementary relationship. In addition, the usage time of a personal website positively moderated patient-generated information, but negatively moderated physician-generated information.

Conclusions

This study contributes to the electronic health literature by investigating the conversion rate of online health communities and the effect of multisource online health community information. This study also contributes to understanding the drivers of conversion rate on service websites, which can help to successfully improve the efficiency of online health communities.
Metabolic Alkalosis
Authors: Emmett Michael
Published: June 2020

Metabolic alkalosis is a very commonly encountered acid-base disorder that may be generated by a variety of exogenous and/or endogenous, pathophysiologic mechanisms. Multiple mechanisms are also responsible for the persistence, or maintenance, of metabolic alkalosis. Understanding these generation and maintenance mechanisms helps direct appropriate intervention and correction of this disorder. The framework utilized in this review is based on the ECF volume-centered approach popularized by Donald Seldin and Floyd Rector in the 1970s.  Although many subsequent scientific discoveries have advanced our understanding of the pathophysiology of metabolic alkalosis, that framework continues to be a valuable and relatively straightforward diagnostic and therapeutic model.
Разработка акустооптического устройства для управления положением микрообъектов
Authors: Пичугина Ю.В. , Мачихин А.С.
Published: June 2020

В работе рассматривается метод акустооптического сканирования. Его характеризует высокая точность и возможность независимого управления несколькими оптическими ловушками при манипулировании микрообъектами с помощью оптического пинцета. Брэгговская дифракция света ультразвуковыми волнами позволяет создавать надежные твердотельные устройства для точного и быстрого отклонения лазерного луча. Описана схема оптического пинцета с двухмерным сканированием на базе ПК, реализованная двумя последовательными акустооптическими ячейками.