Genetic resources of pome fruis in the Nikitsky Botanical Garden
Authors:   Nikitsky Botanical Garden – National Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences Nikita village, Yalta, Republic of Crimea, Russian Federation, Babina R.D. , Chelebiev E.F. ,   Nikitsky Botanical Garden – National Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences Nikita village, Yalta, Republic of Crimea, Russian Federation, Kovalenko O.V. ,   Nikitsky Botanical Garden – National Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences Nikita village, Yalta, Republic of Crimea, Russian Federation, Chakalova E.A. ,   Nikitsky Botanical Garden – National Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences Nikita village, Yalta, Republic of Crimea, Russian Federation, Khalilov E.S. ,   Nikitsky Botanical Garden – National Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences Nikita village, Yalta, Republic of Crimea, Russian Federation, Grigovskiy E.S. ,   Nikitsky Botanical Garden – National Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences Nikita village, Yalta, Republic of Crimea, Russian Federation, Uskov M.K. ,   Nikitsky Botanical Garden – National Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences Nikita village, Yalta, Republic of Crimea, Russian Federation
Published: December 2024

Annotation. Based on many years of work with collections of pome fruits, data on the main economically
valuable characteristics of apple, pear and quince varieties were collected and analyzed. The article provides
information on the composition and ecological and geographic origin of genetic resources of pome fruits of
the Nikitsky Botanical Garden. The collection of apple trees is represented by 1783 varieties, pears – 1348,
quinces – 227. The working hybrid fund of these crops includes about 4 thousand hybrids. The purpose of
the research is to study the varietal collection of apple, pear and quince trees in order to identify new sources
of economically valuable signs of their use in breeding programs. As a result of long-term research from the
gene pool collection of apple, pear and quince, the sources of the main breeding-significant traits of interest
for use in breeding programs have been identified. For breeding, the most interesting varieties are those that
combine a complex of economically valuable characteristics (early fruitfulness, low tree growth, late flowering, very early and late fruit ripening, high commercial and taste qualities, high yield capacity, resistance
to biotic and abiotic environmental factors). According to the pear, such varieties include: Diva, Biryuzovaya,
Nadezhda Stepi, Kel'menchanka, Mariya, Zhak Tel'ye, Desertnaya, Yakimovskaya, Tavricheskaya, Konferentsiya, Noyabr'skaya, Izumrudnaya, Izyuminka Kryma, Veresneve Divo, Rada, Oliv'ye de Serr, Kirgizskaya
zimnyaya, Nezabudka; according to the apple tree – Ayvaniya, Akane, Auraliya, Boskopskaya Krasavitsa,
Vil'yams Prayd, Grinslivz, Zarya Alatau, Kal'vil' Letniy, King Devid, Medeya, Predgornoye, Rozotsvet,
Skifiya, Tavriya, Edera; according to quince – Gladkoplodnaya, Desertnaya, Zoloto Tavridy, Konservnaya
Pozdnyaya, Mir, Novoselovskaya, Stepnaya, Osenniy Suvenir, Yantarnaya.

Key words: collection, apple, pear, quince, breeding, variety, valuable signs