bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Índice glucémico de cañahua, quinua y de productos enzimáticamente modificados de quinua Jacha Grano
Authors: Ormachea-Salcedo Peggy , Navia Coarite Alejandra , Tarquino-Flores Gabriela , Callejas-Calle Lizzeth , Yupanqui-Machaca Cliver , Latorre-Rada Carolina , Mamani-Charca Maria , Salcedo Ortiz Lily
Published: February 2024

Introducción: Los granos andinos como la quinua y la cañahua tienen cualidades nutricionales excepcionales. Los alimentos con propiedades funcionales son cada vez más requeridos por su implicación en la salud. Por ello, desarrollar alternativas nutricionales con cualidades específicas resulta de gran interés. La evaluación del índice glucémico (IG) y carga glucémica (CG) son importantes, particularmente de alimentos y suplementos cuyo índice glucémico y carga glucémica aún no han sido establecidos. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar el IG de diferentes variedades de quinua, cañahua y de dos productos modificados enzimáticamente de quinua Jacha Grano propuestos como suplementos nutricionales.
Metodología: El efecto de cañahua, quinua y dos productos modificados enzimáticamente de quinua Jacha Grano sobre el índice glucémico se determinó según método ISO 26642:2010. Para obtener productos modificados enzimáticamente, se realizó una hidrólisis secuencial con a-amilasa/alcalasa de harina de quinua Jacha Grano: post hidrólisis se separó la fracción soluble de la insoluble por centrifugación de filtro, la fracción soluble se secó por aspersión y por liofilización la fracción insoluble.
Resultados: Se obtuvo el índice glucémico (IG) del producto de fracción insoluble en forma de galletas (20,2), del producto fracción soluble en forma de jugo (39,5), de quinua Real blanca (33,3), quinua Real negra (28,1), quinua Real roja (35,5), quinua Jacha Grano (35,8) y cañahua (36,3).
Conclusiones: Los valores de índice glucémico de diferentes variedades de quinua y cañahua corresponden a valores bajos, al igual que el producto de fracción soluble en forma de jugo, el valor más bajo lo obtuvo el producto de fracción insoluble con alto contenido de fibra y lípidos en forma de galletas. El efecto sobre el IG de los productos modificados sugiere realizar estudios posteriores en personas que necesitan nutrición especializada.
The influence of salivary pH on the adhesion of Candida to acrylic prosthetic materials obtained using conventional and digital techniques
Authors: Al-Otaibi Hanan , Alomair Aseel , AlSewailem Latifa , AlFadhel Rana , Durayhim Sarah Bin , Al-Otibi Fatimah , Alharbi Raedah , Alfouzan Afnan , Al Taweel Sara , Alshehri Huda
Published: February 2024

The influence of saliva pH on the adhesion of Candida albicans to PMMA-based prosthetic materials manufactured using conventional and digital techniques (3D printing, milling) was examined. The obtained data were subjected to statistical analysis using one-way ANOVA and the Tukey HSD post hoc test (a = 0.05). Materials obtained by 3D printing had the highest surface roughness, while those obtained conventionally had the highest number of CFU (colony-forming unit). The mean CFU value was highest at pH 4.5 and statistically significant compared to other pH values. No significant correlation was found between surface roughness and the average CFU value. The surface of materials obtained using the conventional and milling methods showed lower adhesion of Candida albicans.
(Re)setting the racial narrative: Antiblackness and educational censorship
Authors: Bridgeforth James , O'Neal Desiree
Published: February 2024

Antiblackness is a persistent feature of American society with continued implications for the experiences, outcomes, and well-being of Black communities. In the wake of widespread protests against antiblack police brutality and heightened awareness of racial injustices in 2020, federal, state, and local political actors swiftly began a concerted effort to maintain the illusion of racial progress within the United States. These efforts, which we identify as manifestations of what Carol Anderson (2016) describes as White rage, have taken the form of educational censorship policies that have been successfully enacted in at least 18 states. This study interrogates the policy development process of two such censorship policies in Texas and North Dakota. Drawing on Black critical theory and insights from critical policy analysis, we demonstrate the ways that antiblackness was made legible in the policy development process and conclude with recommendations for combatting the further spread of antiblack educational censorship.
Para que aprender matemática? Constituição de cidadãos responsáveis pela resolução de problemas
Authors: Birnfeldt Caroline , Lopes Maura Corcini
Published: February 2024

O artigo aborda o conceito de cidadania a partir do contexto da Educação Matemática. Problematiza a conversão da Educação Matemática em ferramental para a resolução de problemas em todas as esferas da vida privada, bem como o esmaecimento do campo político e formativo da cidadania fomentado pelo conhecimento matemático. Para tanto, foram analisados 40 documentos publicados pela Organização das Nações Unidas para a Educação, a Ciência e a Cultura [UNESCO] e 14 documentos de orientação curricular brasileiros, publicados entre os anos de 1996 e 2018. Como ferramenta teórico-metodológica, foi utilizado o conceito de metamorfose, de Ullrich Beck. Para tensionar a recorrência da prescrição da resolução de problemas e da cidadania associada à responsabilização individual, foi utilizado o conceito de cidadão cosmopolita inacabado, de Tomaz Popkewitz. Conclui-se que, independentemente da aprendizagem de conteúdos e da formação matemática, os documentos incentivam o desenvolvimento de habilidades necessárias ao cidadão para que este saiba resolver problemas em situações de incerteza e de risco. Diante de tal constatação, afirma-se que o conceito de cidadania posto em circulação foi metamorfoseado e deixa de estar associado à garantia de direitos e deveres para uma vida digna.
Isolation of Potential Nitrogen-Fixing Phylloplane Bacteria and in Vitro Detection of Their Ability to Inhibit the Growth of Colletotrichum
Authors: Widiantini Fitri , Syahnur Fitika , Hidayat Yusup , Yulia Endah
Published: February 2024

Antraknosa merupakan salah satu penyakit penting pada tanaman cabai yang disebabkan oleh Colletotrichum spp. dengan tingkat kehilangan hasil yang dapat mencapai 100%. Dampak negatif penggunaan fungisida menyebabkan diperlukannya pencarian agens biokontrol sebagai bagian dari pengendalian penyakit yang ramah lingkungan. Salah satu sumber ialah agens biokontrol dari bagian filosfer. Percobaan ini bertujuan mendapatkan bakteri antagonis asal filosfer daun tanaman cabai sehat yang memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai agens biokontrol sekaligus berpotensi meningkatkan perolehan nutrisi bagi tanaman melalui fiksasi nitrogen. Tanaman cabai sehat diperoleh dari pertanaman cabai merah di Desa Cijambu dan Desa Nanggerang, Kabupaten Sumedang, Jawa Barat. Hasil isolasi menggunakan medium bebas nitrogen dan hasil skrining aktivitas antagonisme diperoleh delapan galur bakteri, yaitu CJB1, CJB2, CJB3, CJB4, CJB5, NGR1, NGR2, dan NGR3. Delapan galur bakteri tersebut diuji dengan beberapa galur Colletotrichum spp. asal beberapa sentra pertanaman cabai di Garut, Lembang, Sumedang dan Jatinangor. Pengujian dilakukan menggunakan metode biakan ganda yang dilanjutkan dengan pengujian aktivitas senyawa volatil dengan metode double compartment. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan diperolehnya bakteri filosfer NGR1, CJB1, dan CJB5 yang secara konsisten menunjukkan kemampuan yang baik dalam menghambat pertumbuhan empat galur Colletotrichum spp., baik secara langsung melalui uji antagonis maupun berdasarkan uji aktivitas anticendawan senyawa volatil yang dihasilkan galurnya. Malformasi pada miselium Colletotrichum spp. juga terdeteksi ketika patogen dihadapkan secara langsung dengan bakteri filosfer maupun oleh senyawa volatil yang dihasilkannya. Hasil percobaan ini menunjukkan bahwa bakteri filosfer yang berpotensi dapat memfiksasi N ini juga berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai agens biokontrol Colletotrichum spp.
A Bio-inspired and Deep Learning Based Hybrid Model for Agricultural Drought Assessment
Authors:   M.S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangalore, Chaudhari Shilpa , Anchalia Aniketh ,   M.S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangalore, Kakati Anirudh ,   M.S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangalore, Paudel Ankit ,   M.S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangalore, BN Bhavana ,   M.S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangalore, Sardar Vandana ,   M.S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangalore
Published: February 2024

Agricultural droughts can cause many serious hazards. Drought monitoring indices, namely Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Atmospherically Resistant Vegetation Index (ARVI), Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI), and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) have been used for an agricultural drought assessment. Satellite images from the Kolar region of Karnataka are used to calculate these indices. This paper proposes an integration model based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and a bio-inspired algorithm (Sparrow Search Algorithm (SSA) and Barnacles Mating Optimizer (BMO)) considering the indices as population. Performance is compared with the standalone CNN model in terms of efficiency. For the CNN, the accuracy, time taken for Epoch1, and time taken for Epoch2 is 91%, 16s (3s/step), and 2s (2s/step), respectively. For the CNN integrated with SSA, it is 94%, 3s (3s/step) and 0s (43ms/step), respectively. For the CNN integrated with BMO, it is 94%, 3s (2s/step) and 0s (46ms/step) respectively.
Effects of metformin on glucose metabolism and mitochondrial function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: A pilot randomized trial
Authors: Zunica Elizabeth R. M. , Heintz Elizabeth C. , Dantas Wagner S. , Hebert R. Caitlin , Tanksley MaKayla , Beyl Robbie A. , Mader Edward C. , Kirwan John P. , Axelrod Christopher L. , Singh Prachi
Published: February 2024

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with increased risk for diabetes, and standard treatment with positive airway pressure (PAP) device shows inconsistent effects on glucose metabolism. Metformin is known to treat and prevent diabetes, but its effects on skeletal muscle mitochondrial function are not completely understood. Here, we evaluate the effects of metformin on glucose metabolism and skeletal muscle mitochondrial function in patients with OSA. Sixteen adults with obesity (50.9 ± 6.7 years, BMI: 36.5 ± 2.9 kg/m2) and moderate‐to‐severe OSA were provided with PAP treatment and randomized to 3 months of placebo (n = 8) or metformin (n = 8) treatment in a double‐blind parallel‐group design. Whole body glucose metabolism was determined by oral glucose tolerance test. A skeletal muscle biopsy was obtained to evaluate mitochondrial respiratory capacity and expression of proteins related to mitochondrial dynamics and energy metabolism. Whole body insulin‐sensitivity (Matsuda index) did not change in metformin or placebo treated groups. However, metformin treatment prevented increases in insulin release relative to placebo during follow‐up. Insulin area under the curve (AUC) and insulin to glucose AUC ratio increased in placebo but remained unchanged with metformin. Furthermore, metformin treatment improved skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiratory capacity and dynamics relative to placebo. Metformin treatment prevented the decline in whole body glucose homeostasis and skeletal muscle mitochondrial function in patients with moderate to severe OSA. Patients with OSA may benefit from the addition of metformin to prevent diabetes.
Anticorrosive action of eco-friendly plant extracts on mild steel in different concentrations of hydrochloric acid
Authors: Sharma Shobhana , Solanki Aashu Singh , Sharma Sushil Kumar
Published: February 2024

The extracts of different parts of plants (leaf, stem, and flower) act as a green, environmentally friendly, economical, and safe corrosion inhibitors. The eco-friendly extracts of plant material provide an excellent alternative that substitutes toxic traditional (organic and inorganic) corrosion inhibitors. The plant extracts are renewable and readily available; thus, they occupy a unique position in the family of green inhibitors. The plant extract contains several bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids, tannins, polyphenols, phenolic acids, glycosides, flavonols, etc., which possess experienced significant interest as anti-corrosive agents. These plant extracts contain several heteroatoms like phosphorus, nitrogen, sulfur, oxygen, etc., which are adsorbed on the metallic surface and form an inert protective layer that protects metal from a corrosive environment. Thus, this article aims to shed light on the efficiency of plant extract in protecting steel in an acidic environment.
Knowledge of smoking and influencing factors among school-going adolescents in Timor-Leste
Authors: Cheah Yong Kang
Published: February 2024

Objectives

Knowledge of smoking is a protective factor for adolescent smoking. This study is the first to examine sociodemographic and lifestyle factors associated with adolescents’ knowledge of smoking in Timor-Leste. It is also a pioneering investigation into the ways in which exposure to anti-tobacco messages and health warnings on cigarette packages, and involvement in smoking-related education at schools and home mediate the relationship between school grade levels and smoking knowledge.

Methods

Data were obtained from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey Timor-Leste. Ordered logistic regressions were used to examine the associations between knowledge of smoking and sociodemographic, and lifestyle factors. Structural equation modelling was utilized to explore the mediating effects.

Results

Adolescents were less likely to have high knowledge of smoking if they were lower-secondary students, were males, had unemployed parents and had no closest friends who smoked. The relationship between grade levels and smoking knowledge was partly mediated by awareness of anti-tobacco messages on mass media, school education about the dangers of smoking and family discussion about smoking.

Conclusions

Sociodemographic and lifestyle factors play an important role in determining knowledge of smoking among adolescents. To some extent, awareness-, education- and family-related variables explain how grade levels affect smoking knowledge.
Trend and Fuzzy Time Series Analysis of Live Births Registration in Northern Ghana
Authors: Nagumsi Abdulai , Nasiru Suleman , Kobilla Abdul-Aziz Adam , Mustapha Mohammed Hashim Bamba
Published: February 2024

This study investigated four trend analysis models namely; linear, quadratic, semi log linear and semi log quadratic to study the pattern of live births registration in the Northern Region of Ghana. The study revealed that Semi log linear trend model is the best trend model for studying the pattern of live births registration in the Northern Region of Ghana based on AIC and BIC criteria. The study further fitted four existing fuzzy time series (FTS) models for forecasting live births registration in the Northern Region of Ghana. The Chen, Singh, Heuristic and Chen-Hsu models are the four models used to analyze the data.
Deep Targeting: Zur Steigerung der Eingriffstiefe in die Erfahrungsspielräume des Sozialen
Authors: Ochs Carsten
Published: February 2024

Der Beitrag nimmt Facebooks Targeting-Praktiken im Kontext der Erstürmung des US-amerikanischen Kapitols 2021 zum Anlass einer soziologischen Targeting-Analyse. Er argumentiert zunächst dafür, den Analysemodus umzustellen vom in der Sozialphilosophie üblichen Fokus auf Entscheidungen auf die Kategorie der Erfahrung. Daraufhin erfolgt eine pragmatistische Konzeption des Erfahrungsbegriffs, an die sich eine Klärung der Kriterien zur Bestimmung der gesellschaftlichen „Eingriffstiefe“ des Targeting anschließt. Hierzu wird die erweiterte Heuristik Luhmannscher Sinndimensionen (sachlich, sozial, zeitlich, räumlich) fruchtbar gemacht. Die Analyse des Targeting in allen Sinndimensionen kulminiert in der These, dass zeitgenössisches Deep Targeting durch Orientierung am Aktualen und durch Steigerung der Eingriffstiefe in die Erfahrungsspielräume des Sozialen zu einer Kontingenz-einschränkenden Verengung von Erfahrung führt. Aus dieser These werden abschließend normative Konsequenzen gezogen.
Does the Parable of the Minas Address the Delay of the Parousia? Luke 19,11–27 in its Lukan, Rhetorical and Roman Settings
Authors: Gathercole Simon
Published: February 2024

The aim of this article is to question whether the parable of the minas (Lk. 19,11–27) is a reflection by Luke on the delay of the parousia. After a review of research showing that the delay-oriented interpretation of the parable has been prevalent for some time, there are four parts to the argument. First, in agreement with the delay hypothesis, it is argued (against a recent social-scientific interpretation) that the parable has allegorical features when compared with the portrait of Jesus in Luke-Acts (the “Lukan” setting). Secondly, examination of the parable and its frame in Luke 19,11 shows that Luke cannot straightforwardly be understood as applying the parable to a particular, contemporaneous eschatological concern (the “rhetorical” setting). Thirdly, the expeditions of royal claimants to Rome do not supply evidence for the “delay” reading of the parable because these journeys were not sufficiently cumbersome or protracted to imply delay in the parable (the “Roman” setting). Fourthly and finally, the article engages in exegesis of Luke 19,11–27 itself to show that the details of the parable do not point to a concern about delay on Luke’s part.
Paul and Jewish Sacrifices: Perspectives and Arguments
Authors: Pereira-Delgado Álvaro , Díez-Herrera Pablo
Published: February 2024

According to the traditional perspective, the early Christians refused to continue with the temple sacrifice. Christ on the cross had already atoned for all sins. Recently, other scholars, especially those belonging to the Radical New Perspective on Paul (or “Paul within Judaism” research), have argued instead that Paul carried on with temple worship, considered it efficacious, and expected Christ-following Jews to continue with the sacrifice. In this research we will investigate the positions of the different perspectives on Paul’s attitude toward Jewish sacrifices and evaluate the arguments at stake. Our research leads us to the conclusion that Paul did not consider the temple sacrifices a problem, but neither did he give them any salvific relevance for the recipients of his letters.
Review and Consideration of Apparent Negative Crack Growth in Fracture Toughness Tests
Authors: Lucon Enrico
Published: February 2024

Apparent negative crack growth is often encountered when performing elastic-plastic fracture toughness tests with the Elastic Compliance single-specimen technique. It consists of a decrease of specimen compliance (reduction of crack size) during the early portion of the test, before the attainment of maximum force and the onset of ductile crack extension. This phenomenon was recognized and discussed inside the fracture mechanics community since the mid-1980s, but widespread consensus was never achieved on its root causes and on the best approach to account for it in the analysis of an elastic-plastic fracture toughness test. It has been shown that both experimental (test setup) and material behavior aspects can be invoked to explain the decrease of elastic compliance that translates into decreasing crack size in the early loading stage. The current edition of ASTM E1820, Standard Test Method for Measurement of Fracture Toughness, does not offer provisions to handle this phenomenon, and users are left free to treat the issue as they see fit. In this study, several articles published in the last 40 years were reviewed, and different proposed methods were applied on 15 selected tests performed on specimens of different geometries and thicknesses. Comparisons between original crack sizes, ductile crack extensions, and critical toughness values are presented, and recommendations are provided for revising ASTM E1820 with due consideration of the occurrence of apparent negative crack growth.
Facilitators and Barriers to PrEP Acceptability and Initiation Among Opioid Treatment Program Patients and Staff
Authors: Chan Kiera , Mitchell Mary M. , Casselle Emilie , Bender Alexis A.
Published: February 2024

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends PrEP (pre-exposure prophylaxis) for people who use drugs, yet uptake remains low. This study explores the acceptability and potential uptake of PrEP among participants in an opioid treatment program (OTP). We conducted 26 in-depth, semistructured interviews with staff and patients at an OTP in Baltimore, Maryland. Overall, participants felt that providing PrEP within the program would be beneficial, but they noted competing priorities among populations engaging in high-risk behaviors and lack of willingness among groups with lower risk behaviors. Participants reported several barriers to PrEP use among people who use drugs and who use medications for opioid use, including cost, competing priorities, stigma, and misconceptions about who should use PrEP. Facilitators to PrEP use were described as health benefits, trusted relationships with providers, and existing resources in the opioid treatment program. Practitioners should consider addressing barriers to access and stigma within an OTP setting for HIV prevention tools.
PIVOT: A New Approach to HIV Capacity-Building Assistance
Authors: Suarez Sarah , Knighton-Black Shayla , Mena Carla , Hutchinson-Hall Alonda , Chacon Guillermo
Published: February 2024

In 2004, a national nonprofit established a capacity-building assistance (CBA) program aimed at bolstering the capabilities of health departments and community-based organizations in implementing and evaluating HIV prevention interventions for racial and minority populations. Recognizing the need for a specialized CBA model to support HIV prevention programs, the program developed the Customized Holistic Analytical Networking Grassroots Evaluatory (CHANGE) approach. This article introduces the Prioritizing Intersectional Values for Organizational Technical Assistance (PIVOT) approach as a progressive evolution of CBA strategies tailored to the contemporary HIV landscape. PIVOT, founded on seven core values and focused on four key areas, is structured across three stages of CBA delivery. Effective capacity building mandates the CBA partners to be well versed in HIV organizational culture and capable of delivering strategies ensuring long-term sustainability. This article offers invaluable insights and lessons that inform the development and implementation of the PIVOT approach, drawing from two decades of service delivery.
Mice Expressing A53T/A30P Mutant Alpha-Synuclein in Dopamine Neurons Do Not Display Behavioral Deficits
Authors: Keomanivong Cameron , Schamp Josephine , Tabakovic Ervina , Thangavel Ramasamy , Aldridge Georgina , Pieper Andrew A. , Narayanan Nandakumar S.
Published: February 2024

Alpha-synuclein has been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies, with A53T and A30P mutations shown to be disease causing. It has been reported that hemizygous transgenic mice with tyrosine hydroxylase promotor-driven expression of A53T/A30P mutant alpha-synuclein in dopamine neurons provide a useful preclinical model of these conditions by virtue of developing behavioral deficits. Here, we report a lack of replication of this finding. Despite detecting robust overexpression of A53T/A30P mutant alpha-synuclein in dopamine neurons, we did not observe decreased tyrosine hydroxylase immunofluorescence or behavioral deficits in these mice. Our results demonstrate that preclinical models of synucleinopathy need careful validation in the field.
Upregulated GIRK2 counteracts ethanol-induced changes in excitability & respiration in human neurons
Authors: Prytkova Iya , Liu Yiyuan , Fernando Michael , Gameiro-Ros Isabel , Popova Dina , Kamarajan Chella , Xuei Xiaoling , Chorlian David B. , Edenberg Howard J. , Tischfield Jay A. , Porjesz Bernice , Pang Zhiping P. , Hart Ronald P. , Goate Alison , Slesinger Paul A.
Published: February 2024

Genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) of electroencephalographic endophenotypes for alcohol use disorder (AUD) has identified non-coding polymorphisms within theKCNJ6gene.KCNJ6encodes GIRK2, a subunit of a G protein-coupled inwardly-rectifying potassium channel that regulates neuronal excitability. How changes in GIRK2 affect human neuronal excitability and the response to repeated ethanol exposure is poorly understood. Here, we studied the effect of upregulatingKCNJ6using an isogenic approach with human glutamatergic neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (male and female donors). Using multi-electrode-arrays, population calcium imaging, single-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology, and mitochondrial stress tests, we find that elevated GIRK2 acts in concert with 7-21 days of ethanol exposure to inhibit neuronal activity, to counteract ethanol-induced increases in glutamate response, and to promote an increase intrinsic excitability. Furthermore, elevated GIRK2 prevented ethanol-dependent changes in basal and activity-dependent mitochondrial respiration. These data support a role for GIRK2 in mitigating the effects of ethanol and a previously unknown connection to mitochondrial function in human glutamatergic neurons.

Significance StatementAlcohol use disorder (AUD) is a major health problem that has worsened since COVID, affecting over 100 million people worldwide. While it is known that heritability contributes to AUD, specific genes and their role in neuronal function remain poorly understood, especially in humans. In the current manuscript, we focused on the inwardly-rectifying potassium channel GIRK2, which has been identified in an AUD-endophenotype genome-wide association study. We used human excitatory neurons derived from healthy donors to study the impact of GIRK2 expression. Our results reveal that elevated GIRK2 counteracts ethanol-induced increases in glutamate response and intracellular calcium, as well as deficits in activity-dependent mitochondrial respiration. The role of GIRK2 in mitigating ethanol-induced hyper-glutamatergic and mitochondrial offers therapeutic promise for treating AUD.
Growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenoma combined with Graves’ disease: retrospective case series and literature review
Authors: Mo Caiyan , Tong Tao , Guo Ying , Li Zheng , Zhong Liyong
Published: February 2024

Purpose

The coexistence of growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenoma (GHPA) and Graves' disease (GD) is rare. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels and thyroid function in patients with GHPA combined with GD and to explore the underlying mechanisms.

Methods

Eleven patients with GHPA combined with GD during 2015-2022 were collected by searching the medical record system of Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University. Changes in GH/IGF-1 levels and thyroid function were compared before and after the application of antithyroid drugs (ATD) and before and after transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) or somatostatin analog (SSA) treatment, respectively.

Results

After the application of ATD, with the decrease of thyroid hormone levels, GH/IGF-1 levels also decreased gradually. In patients without ATD application, after surgery or SSA treatment, thyroid hormone levels decreased as GH/IGF-1 decreased.

Conclusion

Hyperthyroidism due to GD promotes the secretion of GH/IGF-1, and when thyroid hormone levels were decreased by the use of ATD, GH and IGF-1 levels were also decreased, suggesting that thyroid hormones may influence the synthesis and secretion of GH/IGF-1. The use of ATD to control thyrotoxicosis before TSS is not only beneficial in reducing the risk of anesthesia but may help to promote biochemical control of GHPA. On the other hand, high levels of GH/IGF-1 in patients with GHPA also exacerbate GD hyperthyroidism, which is ameliorated by a decrease in GH/IGF-1 levels by TSS or SSA treatment, suggesting that the GH–IGF-1 axis promotes growth, thyroid function, and thyroid hormone metabolism.
Algunas reflexiones sobre la identificación del concepto de niñez entre los antiguos nahuas a partir de los documentos coloniales
Authors: Díaz Barriga Cuevas Alejandro
Published: February 2024

This paper focuses on the main aspects to consider in the historical research on pre-Hispanic Childhood based on colonial documents. I analyze the mentality of the chroniclers, the different ideologies they had, the life cycles, and the models they followed to write their works, in which they described the Indigenous childhood using their own parameters. Also, I include some examples that show how Indigenous people incorporated Western models in the descriptions of their own past. Finally, I analyze the words that the Europeans used to define children, some of which have different meanings nowadays.
Construcciones y mecanismos mentales para el aprendizaje de la función exponencial en contexto escolar
Authors: Cordova Cornejo Víctor Enrique , Aravena Díaz María , Parraguez González Marcela Cecilia
Published: February 2024

[Objective] The objective of this study was to examine, in the light of the APOS theory (action, process, object, and schema), the results produced by secondary school students when addressing 11 items related to the exponential function. [Methodology] The approach was qualitative, using content analysis. The sample consisted of 15 students between 15 and 18 years old, chosen in a non-probabilistic way to obtain the greatest amount of information. Based upon the theory, an instrument was designed which consisted of a hypothetical genetic decomposition of the concept of exponential function as a cognitive object, according to structures (action, process, object and schema) and mental mechanisms (interiorization, coordination, encapsulation, decapsulation, and investment), to interpret the mental construct that students create about the function being studied, based on its historical epistemological development, its presentation in school textbooks and the experience of the researcher. [Results] At the level of results, it was found that 13 students showed an action conception of the function being studied and 2 students built the concept at the process level. [Conclusion] Students most often built the concept of an exponential function at the action level, that is, everything related to repetitive and mechanical processes with powers, image calculation, graphic representation, solution of exponential equations; some students even responded to the items without explicitly performing all the steps required for their resolution. These results demonstrated the absence of a mental process related to the exponential function and its consequent encapsulation into an exponential function object.
An Example of Head Box Control – Prepared Discussion Contribution
Authors:   Empire Paper Mills, Whight W. T. , Jones R. E. ,   AEI-Elliott Automation Ltd
Published: February 2024

The head box on No . 1 papermaking machine at Empire Paper Mills is an Escher Wyss pressurised type, which is run by direct digital control from the digital control computer. Control outputs are to air valves, thin stock by-pass valves and slice. The head box stock level is maintained at α mean value by the air pressure within. The main stream flow into the head box by α coarse/fine by-pass system under DDC from the main stream magnetic flow meter. The total head now takes up some value as α dependent variable.
Assessing literacy on the interconnection between non-communicable diseases and climate change among youth in Nairobi, Kenya: An interventional study
Authors: Oduor Kevin , Ogweno Stephen , Chebet Koech Naila , Ayallo Harrison , Otieno Ongola
Published: February 2024

This study investigates the efficacy of mixed-method educational interventions in enhancing literacy levels among youth in Nairobi concerning the intricate relationship between climate change and non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The education methods used in this study included a continuous trainer-of-the-trainer approach, and peer learning combined with digital health interventions including the NCDs 365 App and the NCDs for Public Health Online course. Utilizing a rigorous methodology, the study engaged 70 participants at baseline and 65 at endline, with a minimal attrition rate. The study focused on key indicators, including literacy levels, positive behavioral changes, and the integration of digital health technologies. Results indicate a commendable increase in literacy levels, with 95.4% of respondents accurately recognizing NCDs at the endline, compared to 81.4% at baseline. Positive shifts were evident in the understanding of examples and major risk factors of NCDs. Climate change awareness notably improved, with 76.9% defining it as a long-term shift in weather patterns at the endline, compared to 44.3% at baseline. The association between climate change and NCDs was acknowledged by 86.2% at endline, up from 57.1% at baseline. Attitudinal and behavioral changes were prominent, as 95.4% expressed intent to participate in NCDs and climate change activities at the endline, compared to 81.4% at baseline. Digital health technologies demonstrated substantial engagement, with 87.7% downloading the NCD365 app. Further, 93.8% enrolled in the online course, and 75.4% frequently used the NCD365 app. Encouragingly, 94.7% would recommend the app to friends. The study concludes that educational interventions significantly enhance knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to climate change and NCDs among youth in Nairobi. Recommendations include expanding similar initiatives, incorporating interactive elements, and continuous monitoring for long-term impact assessment. This research contributes pivotal insights to addressing 21st-century challenges through targeted education and technological integration.
Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems for treatment of knee injuries and Alzheimer’s disease – a review
Authors: Brenckman Christina , Hossain Samiha , Ravindra Nuggehalli M
Published: February 2024

The effective treatment of human illnesses relies on the ability to deliver therapeutic compounds to diseased sites in a highly efficient manner. However, conventional therapeutic strategies often require high systemic administration due to non-specific biodistribution and rapid metabolism of free drug molecules before they can reach their intended targets which leads to undesirable side effects. Nanotechnology offers a solution to mitigate these issues by allowing the development of drug delivery systems (DDS) within the nanometer size range, which can alter the pharmacological and therapeutic effects of drug molecules. These novel DDS have several advantages over traditional large-scale systems, including altered pharmacokinetic behavior and improved payload, owing to their small size. Moreover, their surface chemistry can be easily modified to attach targeting and therapeutic molecules for specific curative and therapeutic applications. In this comprehensive review, we explore and present the potential of nanoparticles as a highly effective drug delivery system for the treatment of knee injuries and Alzheimer’s disease. With the aim of addressing the challenges that are associated with drug delivery, nanotechnology has emerged as an increasingly important area of research. Scientists have conducted extensive investigations into nanosystems with varying compositions and biological properties for use in drug delivery applications. In order to ensure efficient drug delivery, it is critical to understand how nanomaterials interact with the biological environment, target cell-surface receptors, release drugs, administer multiple drugs, and maintain the stability of therapeutic agents. The recognition and appreciation of the molecular mechanisms that are involved in cell signaling in relation to the disease under investigation is of fundamental importance.
True first formula of the uniform regime
Authors: Jiménez Medina Oscar
Published: February 2024

The main objective of this technical article is to redesign the first form of the uniform regimen, which during the revision and search in the International and Internet bibliography, respectively, confirms that the first formula for the evaluation of this regime is engineer Francés Antóine de Chézy in 1769, considered as a paradigm of canal hydraulics. In 1789, the Irish engineer Robert Manning presented his formula, which is currently the most widely used in the regime of this regime. The author of this technical article, to carry out an analysis of the definition of uniform regimen, considers that in addition to being similar formulas, does not represent in general terms the real conditions, because they are conceptually unique and exclusively for the fluent turbulence it is for the quadrature resistance zone (complete turbulence zone in the Moody chart), given the coefficients of Chézy (CCH) and Manning (nM), independent of the Reynolds number. It is known that the turbulent fluid is divided into three categories according to the number of Reynolds (Re) and relative rugosity (Kr), its son, full turbulent fluid, (CCH and nM), depends solely on the relative rugosity (Kr), turbulent transient fluid, (CCH and nM), its function of (Re and Kr), and the turbulent fluid is only dependent on the number of Reynolds (Re). It is concluded that the first formulation of the uniform regimen is the general formula of fluid resistance and also constitutes the origin of the Chezy formula.
Rozpoznawanie i pomiar emocji w badaniach doświadczeń klienta
Authors: Budzanowska-Drzewiecka Małgorzata , Lubowiecki-Vikuk Adrian
Published: February 2024

Badanie doświadczeń klienta wymaga rozwijania metodyki ich pomiaru pozwalającej na uwzględnienie ich złożoności. Jedną z ważnych składowych doświadczeń są emocje, których rozpoznawanie i pomiar stanowi wciąż wyzwanie dla badaczy. Celem artykułu jest dyskusja na temat metod i technik wykorzystywanych do rozpoznawania i pomiaru emocji w badaniach doświadczeń klienta. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono wykorzystaniu technik wywodzących się z neuronauki konsumenckiej, w tym dylematom związanym z sięganiem po automatyczną analizę ekspresji mimicznej. Studia literaturowe pozwoliły na dyskusję dotyczącą korzyści i ograniczeń stosowania automatycznej analizy ekspresji mimicznej w pomiarze doświadczeń klientów. Mimo ograniczeń, mogą one być traktowane jako atrakcyjne uzupełnienie metod i technik pozwalających na uchwycenie emocjonalnych komponentów doświadczenia klienta na różnych etapach (przed zakupem, w jego czasie i po nim).
Zarządzanie strategiczne a dojrzałość zarządzania projektami w organizacjach non profit
Authors: Marciszewska Anna , Brajer-Marczak Renata
Published: February 2024

Artykuł dotyczy kwestii dojrzałości projektowej organizacji non profit z perspektywy zarządzania strategicznego. Jego celem jest poszerzenie wiedzy i wniesienie wkładu w rozważania na temat związku, jaki istnieje między dojrzałością projektową organizacji non profit a perspektywą zarządzania strategicznego. Jest to tematyka niewystarczająco jeszcze zbadana. W przedstawionych rozważaniach przyjęto, że wzrost dojrzałości projektowej koresponduje ze wzrostem profesjonalizmu w zarządzaniu organizacjami non profit, co przekłada się na koordynację strategicznych inicjatyw projektowych. Artykuł wnosi wkład w teorię zarządzania projektami, zwracając uwagę na rolę dojrzałości projektowej we wdrażaniu strategicznych, kluczowych i długoterminowych celów rozwojowych organizacji non profit. Wyciągnięte wnioski bazują na wynikach badania ankietowego na próbie 93 organizacji non profit funkcjonujących w Polsce.
Zarządzanie wiedzą w zarządzaniu kryzysowym w sektorze publicznym
Authors: Sienkiewicz-Małyjurek Katarzyna
Published: February 2024

Celem niniejszego artykułu było uporządkowanie istniejących wyników badań w zakresie zarządzania wiedzą w zarządzaniu kryzysowym w sektorze publicznym w wyniku systematycznego przeglądu literatury. W toku przeprowadzonych analiz zidentyfikowano trzy obszary badań nad zarządzaniem wiedzą w zarządzaniu kryzysowym w sektorze publicznym, a tematy badań w tym zakresie zanalizowano w ujęciu podstawowych, napędzających, wyłaniających się i niszowych obszarów tematycznych. Ustalono aktualne zagadnienia podejmowane w zakresie zarządzania wiedzą w zarządzaniu kryzysowym w sektorze publicznym. W rezultacie artykuł ten dostarcza podstaw teoretycznych i ważnych informacji na temat zarządzania wiedzą w zarządzaniu kryzysowym w sektorze publicznym z teoretycznej i praktycznej perspektywy.
W poszukiwaniu specyfiki oryginalności naukowej w dyscyplinie nauki o zarządzaniu i jakości
Authors: Sokołowska-Durkalec Agnieszka , Zgrzywa-Ziemak Anna
Published: February 2024

Celem artykułu jest analiza znaczenia specyfiki dyscypliny nauki o zarządzaniu i jakości (NZJ) dla rozumienia oryginalności naukowej w dyscyplinie. W części pierwszej opracowania omówiono wyzwania związane z niejednoznacznością pojęcia oryginalności naukowej oraz przytoczono wyniki badań dotyczące różnic w konceptualizacji oryginalności naukowej między dziedzinami i dyscyplinami. Następnie dokonano analizy znaczenia specyficznych cech dyscypliny NZJ dla rozumienia oryginalności i preferowanych rodzajów oryginalności w dyscyplinie. Przeprowadzona analiza pozwala stwierdzić, że można mówić o szczególnym rozumieniu oryginalności właściwemu NZJ, co stanowi przyczynek teoretyczny do konceptualizacji pojęcia oryginalności naukowej w dyscyplinie oraz wyznaczenia kierunków dalszych badań w tym obszarze. Zastosowano narracyjny, krytyczny przegląd literatury przedmiotu.
Effective E-Da’wah Strategies for Navigating Religious Moderation Campaign in the Era of Digital Disruption
Authors: Robeet Robeet Thadi , Andang Sunarto
Published: February 2024

This article aims to describe the role of e-da'wah in religious moderation campaigns in the era of digital disruption. This study uses a qualitative method with the library research approach. The findings have revealed that, conceptually, religious moderation is a middle attitude, neither secular nor religious. The campaign strategy for religious moderation is to present Islam as a humanist religion, changing the paradigm from qabilah to ummah, and revitalizing Islamic kaffah. Additionally, to gain effective e-da'wah strategies of religious moderation campaigns, da'wah activists should understand the target audience, be able to create interesting content, collaborate with influencers, utilize the latest technology, and build online communities. In short, it is important to continue to adapt to technological developments and look for new ways to convey relevant and useful da'wah messages in this digital era.
The Ethics of Digital Communication and Message Sharing on Social Media
Authors: Anshar Muhammad , Arsal Andi Faridah
Published: February 2024

The present research examines the ethical concerns of social media users in sharing information and digital interaction. Adopting a phenomenological approach, 20 students from two state universities in Makassar South Sulawesi were invited to an interview regarding the issues. The findings illustrate four important ethics concerning digital communication and sharing information on social media: first social media users should convey messages honestly; second, they must be responsible in their words and deeds; third, they have to be polite to others; fourth they have to be tolerant of differences. In addition, this study argues that social media content creators and users respect ethnic, religious, racial, and inter-group diversity in sharing information.
Konten Dakwah Penceramah Perempuan: Analisis Respon Audien pada 'Suara Muslimah' di Kanal NU Online
Authors: Lukman Hakim  , Agus Riyadi  , Ali Murtadho
Published: February 2024

This article aims to examine the audience's response to the da'wah content broadcasted by "Suara Muslimah" on the NU online YouTube channel. The research method used in this study was a qualitative text analysis. Through the examination of 162 netizen comments on four episodes of "Suara Muslimah" programs, the findings have shown that the majority of audiences have positive responses to da'wah content aired by the "Suara Muslimah" program, although some audiences have responded negatively and others made irrelevant comments to the content. Additionally, the audience also provided responses related to cognitive, affective, and conative aspects.
FAIR Data Training for Deep Ocean Early Career Researchers: Syllabus and slide presentations
Authors: Beaulieu Stace E. , Stocks Karen , Smith Leslie M.
Published: February 2024

It is essential for our next generation of leaders in deep ocean observing to gain knowledge and skills in research data management, including how to make data FAIR - Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable. This educational package was developed as a virtual workshop series for Deep Ocean Early career Researchers (DOERs) with content tailored for the Deep Ocean Observing Strategy (DOOS), an international network of deep ocean observing, mapping, exploration, and modeling programs endorsed as a UN Ocean Decade Programme. Modules step through the research data lifecycle, starting with 1 “Foundational Practices for FAIR Data,” 2 “Collaborating in the Research Data Lifecycle,” 3 “Best Practices in the Ocean Sciences,” and concluding with 4 “The “R” in FAIR data lifecycle: Reusable data.” This package includes the syllabus which shows the schedule for delivery of the workshop series as well as an overview of content and learning objectives. There are no prerequisites to participate in this course. The training was delivered in English; recordings were provided ahead of the virtual sessions and a live transcript was implemented during the sessions to improve accessibility.
„Gabinet cieni” w westminsterskim systemie rządów
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Szczepański Dominik
Published: February 2024

The „shadow cabinet” appointed by the largest opposition party in the House of Commons is an integral part of the Westminster system of government. The practice of its creation originated in the UK in the second half of the 19th century, where it underwent a significant evolution linked to the coordination of the opposition’s strategy enabling it to become a government cabinet, as well as to the official recognition of the position of opposition party leader, who since 1937 has received a fixed salary. The modern and at the same time permanent appointment of shadow ministers who are at the same time spokespersons of the opposition on specific ministerial issues dates back to the long Conservative Party governments (1951–1964) against which the Labour Party formulated an official „shadow cabinet”. The aim of this article was to show the genesis of the „shadow cabinet”, to define its tasks and functions in the Westminster model of parliamentary-cabinet government.
Dopuszczalność ustawowego przerwania kadencji członków sędziowskich Krajowej Rady Sądownictwa w składzie wynikającym z ustawy z 8 grudnia 2017 r. w świetle orzecznictwa Europejskiego Trybunału Praw Człowieka
Authors:   Uniwersytet Warszawski, Szwed Marcin
Published: February 2024

The article analyzes the permissibility of terminating the terms of office of current members of the National Judiciary Council without providing them with access to court from the perspective of the case law of the European Court of Human Rights. The starting point is the judgment of the ECtHR in the case of Grzęda v. Poland, in which it was found that the ex lege termination of the terms of office of the NCJ members in 2018 violated Art. 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights. However, the interpretation of the ECHR cannot disregard the specific context related to the lack of independence of the current NCJ and its negative impact on the integrity of the judicial appointment process. These circumstances justify the conclusion that Art. 6 ECHR would not protect the current members of the NCJ from the termination of their terms of office.