bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Two Novel Hypovirulence-Associated Mycoviruses in the Phytopathogenic Fungus Botrytis cinerea: Molecular Characterization and Suppression of Infection Cushion Formation
Authors: Hao Fangmin , Ding Ting , Wu Mingde , Zhang Jing , Yang Long , Chen Weidong , Li Guoqing
Published: May 2018

Botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic fungus causing disease on many important agricultural crops. Two novel mycoviruses, namely Botrytis cinerea hypovirus 1 (BcHV1) and Botrytis cinerea fusarivirus 1 (BcFV1), were fully sequenced. The genome of BcHV1 is 10,214 nt long excluding a poly-A tail and possesses one large open reading frame (ORF) encoding a polyprotein possessing several conserved domains including RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), showing homology to hypovirus-encoded polyproteins. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that BcHV1 may belong to the proposed genus Betahypovirus in the viral family Hypoviridae. The genome of BcFV1 is 8411 nt in length excluding the poly A tail and theoretically processes two major ORFs, namely ORF1 and ORF2. The larger ORF1 encoded polypeptide contains protein domains of an RdRp and a viral helicase, whereas the function of smaller ORF2 remains unknown. The BcFV1 was phylogenetically clustered with other fusariviruses forming an independent branch, indicating BcFV1 was a member in Fusariviridae. Both BcHV1 and BcFV1 were capable of being transmitted horizontally through hyphal anastomosis. Infection by BcHV1 alone caused attenuated virulence without affecting mycelial growth, significantly inhibited infection cushion (IC) formation, and altered expression of several IC-formation-associated genes. However, wound inoculation could fully rescue the virulence phenotype of the BcHV1 infected isolate. These results indicate the BcHV1-associated hypovirulence is caused by the viral influence on IC-formation-associated pathways.
Experimental Analysis of the Hydraulic Performance of Filtering Cartridges in Drinking Water Networks
Authors: Viccione Giacomo , Evangelista Stefania , De Marinis Giovanni
Published: May 2018

Liquid treatment processes have been assuming increasing importance in recent decades with the progressive industrialization to ensure public health security for drinking water or to prevent economic damage when safeguarding important production processes. Major investments have been devoted to the research, study, and design of innovative products that are able to respond to the demands of the market, which currently offer several solutions, among which filtration treatment still represents a major one. This work focuses, in particular, on filtration of drinking water with filter cartridges, with the aim to test their hydraulic performance and, particularly, to evaluate the head losses that they produce when introduced into a hydraulic system. The local pressure drops, in fact, may compromise hydraulic plants already characterized by low pressures. What is more, this condition is increasingly likely in supplying networks due to the coexistence of several factors, such as water losses due to failures and inefficient maintenance, severe and prolonged droughts, and increased water demand related to social and economic development. In these systems, the insertion of filtration cartridges can make the pressure levels fall below the minimum limit recommended to ensure the smooth operation of domestic devices. More in detail, in the present study the behavior of seven different commercial filter cartridges was analyzed through a set of experiments conducted in a pilot circuit at the Laboratory of Environmental and Maritime Hydraulics (LIDAM), University of Salerno. These tests have been performed in different operating conditions, collecting pressure data through various pressure gauges. The analysis proved that for common values of operating flow rates in domestic plants the pressure drops in the filter can be of the order of some meters and provided some useful information for the choice of the proper cartridge in low-pressure distribution systems.
Integrated Effects of Land Use and Topography on Streamflow Response to Precipitation in an Agriculture-Forest Dominated Northern Watershed
Authors: Wang Chunying , Shang Songhao , Jia Dongdong , Han Yuping , Sauvage Sabine , Sánchez-Pérez José-Miguel , Kuramochi Kanta , Hatano Ryusuke
Published: May 2018

Based on statistical analysis, baseflow separation and wavelet analysis, this research was carried out in Shibetsu River Watershed (SRW), Eastern Hokkaido, Japan, to investigate the integrated effects of land use and topography on streamflow response to precipitation. The agriculture-dominated sub-watershed (AW) showed coupled flat topography/agriculture characteristics, the forest-dominated sub-watershed (FW) had coupled steep topography/forest characteristics, and the mixed agriculture-forested sub-watershed (AFW) had mixed flat topography/agriculture and steep topography/forest characteristics. Precipitation variability is characterized by 6-months and 1-year periods. Coupled forest land/steep topography of the FW can increase surface runoff due to forest surface soil water repellency and steep slope, and might receive more external water and higher precipitation that resulted in the highest baseflow and total streamflow compared with other sub-watersheds. Coupled forest land/steep topography can cause higher monthly streamflow variability than coupled agricultural land/flat topography. The FW streamflow is characterized by 3–4 months, 6 months, and 1-year periods. The AW streamflow is only characterized by 3–4 months and 6 months periods. Coupled agricultural land/flat topography produced similar magnitude of baseflow during snowmelt season (March–May) and rainfall season (July–September), which resulted in the losing of annual periodicity in AW streamflow. The coupled forest land/steep topography can increase synchronicity in precipitation and streamflow at annual and monthly scales than coupled agricultural land/flat topography, except in 2007 under wet antecedent conditions when pasture land has lower rainfall interception and lower surface soil infiltration capacity. The coupled forest land/steep topography can increase time lags between precipitation and streamflow compared to coupled agricultural land/flat topography.
Development of Electric Scooter Driven by Sensorless Motor Using D-State-Observer
Authors: Aoshima Ichiro , Yoshikawa Masaaki , Ohnuma Nobuhito , Shinnaka Shinji
Published: May 2018

This paper presents a newly developed sensorless electric scooter, whose traction motor (IPMSM of nonsinusoidal magnetization) is controlled by a sensorless vector control method using the “D-state-observer.” Through an actual development, this paper verifies that sensorless electric scooters can be realizable, and re-verifies that the D-state-observer has a potential applicable to other EVs. Detailed experimental results confirming the verification are also shown.
Research and Development Work on Lithium-ion Batteries for Enviromental Vehicles
Authors: Abe Takaaki , Miyatake Kazuki , Shimoida Yoshio , Horie Hideaki
Published: May 2018

In the first stage of our research and development work on high-performance lithium-ion batteries from the early to the mid-1990s, a high-energy-capacity battery was investigated with the aim of applying it to electric vehicles (EVs). The second stage of our program concerned studies of a lithium-ion battery for application to series hybrid electric vehicles (SHEVs), and the third stage was mainly focused on a high- power lithium-ion battery for use on parallel hybrids (PHEVs). The results of those studies demonstrated that lithium-ion batteries are the best battery systems for use on these environmental vehicles. A battery simulation program was also constructed concurrently with those investigations for use as a tool in verifying the superiority of lithium-ion batteries. This simulation program takes into account the electrochemical phenomena that occur inside the battery, especially the effect of lithium-ion diffusion on power output characteristics. In the present study, battery simulations were performed to quantify the flow of ions inside the battery. This paper presents the results of sensitivity analyses concerning the electrode structural parameters influencing the long-duration power output characteristic that is required of batteries for use on EVs and SHEVs.
Charging Stations for Urban Settings the design of a product platform for electric vehicle infrastructure in Dutch cities
Authors: Hatton C.E. , Beella S.K. , Brezet J.C. , Wijnia Y.C.
Published: May 2018

This paper reflects the essential role of supportive infrastructure in the mass implementation of electric drive vehicle technology. A focus is placed on the development of comprehensive systems that provide efficient and diverse recharging solutions for vehicle drivers. Mass adoption of electric mobility will reflect advances in the vehicles themselves, their infrastructural networks, and their position in the automotive market. Progress in these areas is highly related, and mandates coordinated design efforts. This paper discusses current problem areas, ongoing developments, and future trends in the design and development of charging systems for battery electric vehicles. The application of infrastructures that are simple, familiar, and context-sensitive is essential to promote consumer confidence and thereby enable successful market penetration. Specific requirements and conditions for the design of infrastructure systems for electric mobility are presented.
Development of real-world Driving Cycles for Battery Electric Vehicles
Authors: Pfriem Matthias , Gauterin Frank
Published: May 2018

Driving cycles are used in various aspects of vehicle development and for the homologation of new vehicles. The character and duration of a cycle have a huge impact on the energy consumption for longitudinal dynamics and comfort functions. Current driving cycles are widely criticised for their insufficient representation of real-world driving, especially for battery electric vehicles (BEV). Therefore we developed three driving cycles for BEV that are based on empiric data from a large-scale field operational test with electric vehicles (project CROME) for future application in research and policy making.
Electric Truck & Bus Grid Integration, Opportunities, Challenges & Recommendations
Authors: Gallo Jean-Baptiste
Published: May 2018

CALSTART researched and analyzed the opportunities and challenges faced by the medium and heavyduty electric truck market. E-Trucks & Buses present unique challenges and opportunities compared to light-duty EVs. In particular, current utility rate structures can discourage fleets from adopting E-Trucks & Buses. Charging has to support vehicle operation and cannot easily be shifted. In addition, demand charges can be prohibitively costly for early deployments. Lastly, charging infrastructure is a limiting factor for further vehicle adoption. Innovative utility rates and public utility commission policy changes are necessary to enable the further expansion of the E-Truck & Bus market.
A Hybrid Electric Fuel Cell Minibus: Drive Test
Authors: Andaloro Laura , Micari Salvatore , Napoli Giuseppe , Polimeni Antonio , Antonucci Vincenzo
Published: May 2018

Meeting the worldwide energy demand for the present and future transportation systems with the least impact on the environment is a big challenge. In the i-NEXT (Innovation for greeN Energy and eXchange in Transportation) project a Fuel Cell Hybrid Electric Vehicle (FCHEV) minibus for people transportation has been implemented. This paper reports some preliminary test drive. The vehicle architecture has been developed considering that, both recharge time and autonomy of a purely electric vehicle are operational limits, and the fuel cell technology is able to enhance these parameters. An electric engine with lithium ion batteries and a 20 kW Fuel Cell System characterize the vehicle. The test drive has been carried out in Capo d’Orlando municipality (Sicily) allowing the acquisition of key data.
City Buses with Alternative Power Trains under Realistic Driving Conditions
Authors: Scholz-Starke Kai , Fortino Alessandro , Hammer Jan
Published: May 2018

City buses with hybrid and battery electric power trains as well as conventional reference vehicles have been examined using a standardized methodology, mainly focusing on exhaust and noise emissions, overall energy efficiency and operational availability. A combination of realistic test drives on bus lanes, test track runs, long term data acquisition and simulation has been utilized to conduct a complete assessment of the technology. First results indicate an improvement over conventional city buses in every technical area.
Electric and Hybrid Electric Non-Road Mobile Machinery – Present Situation and Future Trends
Authors: Lajunen Antti , Suomela Jussi , Pippuri Jenni , Tammi Kari , Lehmuspelto Teemu , Sainio Panu
Published: May 2018

Electrification of non-road mobile machinery (NRMM) is a growing trend. This paper highlights the potential of electric and hybrid powertrains in different NRMM sectors and elaborates the factors that may hinder the development. The NRMM sectors, the vehicle types, their operation and duty cycles and market shares are described. Comparison between the typical duty cycles and operation of on-road and off-road vehicles is performed in order to gain insight into the specific features of off-road vehicles. The development of NRMM is subject to various drivers that range from customer needs to fuel and energy prices and rules and legislation. The main results of our study are 1) a review of the present status and analysis of the future trends and potential of electrification and hybridization of NRMM and, 2) propositions for overcoming the challenges that are related to the electrification and hybridization of NRMM.
Energy Consumption of an Electrified Light Duty Vehicle by considering the Link Voltage’s Variation
Authors: Menn Anna-Lena , Mittelstädt Florian , Henke Markus
Published: May 2018

The present paper outlines an analysis of the energy consumption of a light commercial vehicle that is powered purely electrically by an induction machine. The question was to what extent energy consumption is impacted by two defined aspects: On the one hand these are different control concepts for the traction machine and on the other hand varying link voltage. At first the influence of the controls on the energy consumption of the drive unit will be analyzed, followed by an efficiency analysis that takes into account the different controls at varying link voltage.
Bidirectional Charge- and Traction-System
Authors: Bruell Martin , Brockerhoff Philip , Pfeilschifter Franz , Feustel Hans-Peter , Hackmann Wilhelm
Published: May 2018

The field of fast charging is diverse. Many solutions use dedicated additional costly components for each charging type. To push the E-Mobility market, a new system for charging is proposed comprising of E-Machine, Inverter and Boost DC/DC converter with a minimum of additional components. The new Bidirectional Charge- and Traction-System (BCTS) is capable for traction and all kinds of conductive charging with reduced system costs.
IMPACT OF MEMENTO VALUE ON THE PERCEPTION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE: CASE STUDY OF THE MODERN MOVEMENT AND DIALECT OF KAUNAS / ATMINTIES VERTĖ SUVOKIANT KULTŪROS PAVELDĄ: MODERNIZMO JUDĖJIMO IR JO KAUNIETIŠKOJO DIALEKTO ATVEJO TYRIMAS
Authors: DOGAN Huriye Armagan
Published: May 2018

Memento value in heritage is one of the most essential characteristics facilitating the association between the environment and its users, by connecting structures with space and time, moreover, it helps people to identify their surroundings. However, the emergence of the Modern Movement in the architectural sphere disrupted the reflection of memory and symbols which serve to root the society in its language. Furthermore, it generated an approach that stood against the practice of referring to the past and tradition, which led to the built environment becoming homogeneous and deprived of memento value. This paper focuses on the impact of memento value on the perception and evaluation of cultural heritage. Furthermore, it investigates the notions which are perceived to influence the appraisal of cultural heritage by applying them to the Kaunas dialect of the Modern Movement with an empirical approach.
INVESTIGATION OF REPRESENTATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF LUKIŠKIŲ SQUARE IN VILNIUS / LUKIŠKIŲ AIKŠTĖS VILNIUJE REPREZENTACINIŲ SAVYBIŲ TYRIMAS
Authors: TIŠKUS Gintautas
Published: May 2018

Representative squares are sites where ideological monuments or monuments are built, or squares to important state or municipal buildings. Representation square is a mark or sign system that is intended to provide some relevant information. This information may include events or actors that are important and desirable to commemorate, ideological - political motives that want to be given exclusive importance. In determining the structure of the area’s representative area, causal relationships with the represented object are identified. The original key information is the name. Subsequently, the type of object represented – an event or personality, a connection to the square, the importance of the mark on the square (dominant, noticeable or invisible), and the interaction between the label and the environment are determined. After examining the structure of the square of the square and writing the values in the matrix, we can determine the representation level of the square. In the representation square we can name the square, for which the context of the environment and the level of representational marks for the purpose of the square have a decisive or significant influence.
Deep Flare Net (DeFN) Model for Solar Flare Prediction
Authors: Nishizuka N. , Sugiura K. , Kubo Y. , Den M. , Ishii M.
Published: May 2018

We developed a solar flare prediction model using a deep neural network (DNN) named Deep Flare Net (DeFN). This model can calculate the probability of flares occurring in the following 24 hr in each active region, which is used to determine the most likely maximum classes of flares via a binary classification (e.g., ≥M class versus <M class or ≥C class versus <C class). From 3 × 105 observation images taken during 2010–2015 by the Solar Dynamic Observatory, we automatically detected sunspots and calculated 79 features for each region, to which flare occurrence labels of X-, M-, and C-class were attached. We adopted the features used in Nishizuka et al. (2017) and added some features for operational prediction: coronal hot brightening at 131 Å (T ≥ 107 K) and the X-ray and 131 Å intensity data 1 and 2 hr before an image. For operational evaluation, we divided the database into two for training and testing: the data set in 2010–2014 for training, and the one in 2015 for testing. The DeFN model consists of deep multilayer neural networks formed by adapting skip connections and batch normalizations. To statistically predict flares, the DeFN model was trained to optimize the skill score, i.e., the true skill statistic (TSS). As a result, we succeeded in predicting flares with TSS = 0.80 for ≥M-class flares and TSS = 0.63 for ≥C-class flares. Note that in usual DNN models, the prediction process is a black box. However, in the DeFN model, the features are manually selected, and it is possible to analyze which features are effective for prediction after evaluation.
Differences in the Gas and Dust Distribution in the Transitional Disk of a Sun-like Young Star, PDS 70
Authors: Long Zachary C. , Akiyama Eiji , Sitko Michael , Fernandes Rachel B. , Assani Korash , Grady Carol A. , Cure Michel , Danchi William C. , Dong Ruobing , Fukagawa Misato , Hasegawa Yasuhiro , Hashimoto Jun , Henning Thomas , Inutsuka Shu-Ichiro , Kraus Stefan , Kwon Jungmi , Lisse Carey M. , Liu Hauyu Baobabu , Mayama Satoshi , Muto Takayuki , Nakagawa Takao , Takami Michihiro , Tamura Motohide , Currie Thayne , Wisniewski John P. , Yang Yi
Published: May 2018

We present ALMA 0.87 mm continuum, HCO+
J = 4–3 emission line, and CO J = 3–2 emission line data of the disk of material around the young, Sun-like star PDS 70. These data reveal the existence of a possible two-component transitional disk system with a radial dust gap of 0.″42 ± 0.″05, an azimuthal gap in the HCO+
J = 4–3 moment zero map, as well as two bridge-like features in the gas data. Interestingly these features in the gas disk have no analog in the dust disk making them of particular interest. We modeled the dust disk using the Monte Carlo radiative transfer code HOCHUNK3D using a two-disk component. We find that there is a radial gap that extends from 15 to 60 au in all grain sizes, which differs from previous work.
The Connection between Different Tracers of the Diffuse Interstellar Medium: Kinematics
Authors: Rice Johnathan S. , Federman S. R. , Flagey Nicolas , Goldsmith Paul F. , Langer William D. , Pineda Jorge L. , Lambert D. L.
Published: May 2018

Using visible, radio, microwave, and submillimeter data, we study several lines of sight toward stars generally closer than 1 kpc on a component-by-component basis. We derive the component structure seen in absorption at visible wavelengths from Ca ii, Ca i, K i, CH, CH+, and CN and compare it to emission from H i, CO and its isotopologues, and C+ from the GOT C+ survey. The correspondence between components in emission and absorption helps create a more unified picture of diffuse atomic and molecular gas in the interstellar medium. We also discuss how these tracers are related to the CO-dark H2 gas probed by C+ emission and discuss the kinematic connections among the species observed.
OGLE-2016-BLG-1266: A Probable Brown Dwarf/Planet Binary at the Deuterium Fusion Limit
Authors: Albrow M. D. , Yee J. C. , Udalski A. , Novati S. Calchi , Carey S. , Henderson C. B. , Beichman C. , Bryden G. , Gaudi B. S. , Shvartzvald Y. ,   (Spitzer team), Szymański M. K. , Mróz P. , Skowron J. , Poleski R. , Soszyński I. , Kozłowski S. , Pietrukowicz P. , Ulaczyk K. , Pawlak M. ,   (OGLE Collaboration), Chung S.-J. , Gould A. , Han C. , Hwang K.-H. , Jung Y. K. , Ryu Y.-H. , Shin I.-G. , Zhu W. , Cha S.-M. , Kim D.-J. , Kim H.-W. , Kim S.-L. , Lee C.-U. , Lee D.-J. , Lee Y. , Park B.-G. , Pogge R. W. ,   (KMTNet Collaboration)
Published: May 2018

We report the discovery, via the microlensing method, of a new very low mass binary system. By combining measurements from Earth and from the Spitzer telescope in Earth-trailing orbit, we are able to measure the microlensing parallax of the event, and we find that the lens likely consists of a (12.0 ± 0.6)M
J + (15.7 ± 1.5)M
J super-Jupiter/brown dwarf pair. The binary is located at a distance of 3.08 ± 0.18 kpc in the Galactic plane, and the components have a projected separation of 0.43 ± 0.03 au. Two alternative solutions with much lower likelihoods are also discussed, an 8M
J and 6M
J model and a 90M
J and 70M
J model. If all photometric measurements were independent and Gaussian distributed with known variances, these alternative solutions would be formally disfavored at the 3σ and 5σ levels. We show how the more massive of these models could be tested with future direct imaging.
A Very Rare Case of Cor Triatriatum with Severe Mitral Regurgitation
Authors: Dumani Selman , Likaj Ermal , Ruci Edlira , Bejko Ervin , Refatllari Ali
Published: May 2018

BACKGROUND: Cor triatriatum sinister is rare congenital heart disease. It is mainly presented in childhood and often accompanied with other congenital anomalies. The cases with cor triatriatum treated surgically in adults and accompanied with severe mitral regurgitation are very rare.CASE REPORT: We present a case with diagnosed cor triatriatum and severe mitral regurgitation. The diagnose was made by echocardiography. She was a female 25 years that was hospitalised with signs of heart failure NYHA II-III.CONCLUSION: We performed the resection of the membrane in the left atrium and repair of a mitral valve according to Alfieri. The patient did very well after the surgery.
Unusual Signs and Symptoms in HIV-Positive Patients Coinfected with Leishmania spp: The Importance of Neglected Tropical Disease in Differential Diagnosis
Authors: Ceccarelli Manuela , Venanzi Rullo Emmanuele , Condorelli Fabrizio , Vitale Fabrizio , Di Marco Vincenzo , Nunnari Giuseppe , Pellicanò Giovanni Francesco
Published: May 2018

Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease affecting both animals and humans, acquired with the bite of sand flies or, in Injection Drug Users (IDUs), with contaminated needles, still hypoendemic in Sicily and the Mediterranean basin. Even though it is responsible for 20,000 to 40,000 deaths per year, this parasitic infection is still considered a neglected tropical disease. People Living with HIV (PLWH) are considered at high-risk of developing Leishmaniasis and, despite the introduction of Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART), mortality rate and relapses prevalence are still high in coinfected people.We present a case of HIV-Leishmania coinfection, posing the attention on the atypical signs and symptoms and the importance of thinking about other causes than the HIV infection progression when the patient presents with a worsening of his immune status during HAART.
IGF1R Gene Alterations in Small for Gestational Age (SGA) Children
Authors: Janchevska Aleksandra , Dimovski Aleksandar , Mironska Kristina , Tasic Velibor , Gucev Zoran
Published: May 2018

BACKGROUND: Small for gestational age children (SGA) is born on term with BW and or BL of -2.0 standard deviation score (SDS). SGA children have an increased risk of being short, developing DM, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. Often defects of IGF1R are the cause of SGA. Most frequently affected part of the IGF1R gene is the exon 2.AIM: To investigate whether the exon 2 of the IGF1R gene is affected in the SGA children.PATIENTS AND METHODS: A cohort of 100 SGA children born in term was evaluated for alterations in IG1R gene. Their anthropometric parameters, IGF1 serum concentrations and IGF1 SDS values were analysed. The molecular analysis of IGF1R gene was performed by PCR restriction-site analysis and followed by direct sequencing of conspicuous fragments.RESULTS: Within our cohort, 64 SGA children were with short stature (height SDS -3.25 ± 0.90 SDS), and 36 were with normal height for their age and sex, (H SDS was 0.20 ± 1.1 SDS). None of these children had microcephaly (occipitofrontal circumference -0.70 ± 1.01 SDS vs 0.06 ± 0.56 SDS in SGA children with normal height) or dysmorphic features. The IGF1 serum concentrations and IGF1 SDS values of all children were within normal range. Only one child had lower normal serum IGF1 concentration. No alterations in exon 2 of IGF1R gene were detected.CONCLUSIONS: The genetic analysis of the exon 2 of the IGF1R gene did not detect any gene defects in the analysed patients. The putative genetic defect in those children affects other parts of the IGF1R gene or another gene (s), or yet unidentified factors.
Notulae to the Italian alien vascular flora: 3
Authors: Galasso Gabriele , Domina Gianniantonio , Ardenghi Nicola M.G. , Assini Silvia , Banfi Enrico , Bartolucci Fabrizio , Bigagli Valentina , Bonari Gianmaria , Bonivento Emanuel , Cauzzi Paolo , D’Amico Francesco S. , D’Antraccoli Marco , Dinelli Daniela , Ferretti Giulio , Gennai Matilde , Gheza Gabriele , Guiggi Alessandro , Guzzon Filippo , Iamonico Duilio , Iberite Mauro , Latini Marta , Lonati Michele , Mei Giacomo , Nicolella Gianluca , Olivieri Nicola , Peccenini Simonetta , Peraldo Giacomo , Perrino Enrico V. , Prosser Filippo , Roma-Marzio Francesco , Russo Giovanni , Selvaggi Alberto , Stinca Adriano , Terzi Massimo , Tison Jean-Marc , Vannini Juri , Verloove Filip , Wagensommer Robert P. , Wilhalm Thomas , Nepi Chiara
Published: May 2018

In this contribution, new data concerning the Italian distribution of alien vascular flora are presented. It includes new records, exclusions, confirmations, and status changes for Italy or for Italian administrative regions for taxa in the genera Acer, Amaranthus, Araujia, Aubrieta, Avena, Bidens, Calycanthus, Celtis, Elaeagnus, Eragrostis, Euonymus, Fallopia, Ficus, Hedera, Lantana, Ligustrum, Ludwigia, Morus, Oenothera, Opuntia, Oxalis, Parkinsonia, Paspalum, Paulownia, Platycladus, Pleuropterus, Rumex, Salvia, Senecio, Setaria, Syagrus, Tradescantia, Trifolium and Yucca. Furthermore, a new combination in the genus Vicia is proposed.
An atlas of orchids distribution in the Campania region (Italy), a citizen science project for the most charming plant family
Authors: Croce Antonio , Nazzaro Roberto
Published: May 2018

A database of the orchids of Campania has been built up since 2000 with data collected for academic purposes, research projects and, more recently, with the contributions of enthusiastic amateurs and scholars, thus becoming a real citizen science project leading to the realization of an online Atlas (http://www.floracampana.unina.it/Orchidee/index.html). In this paper, the collection and storage of the data and the synthesis of them are presented. On 31 December 2016, the database accounted for 14680 records from more than 30 contributors relating to 126 taxonomic entities (species, subspecies, hybrids and a few “sensu lato”). The bibliographic records number 3663 (24.9%) and cover a time range of four centuries (from 1616 to 2016). Amongst the 11017 field records (observations), more than 99% are geo-referred and are “punctual” type (precision less than 100 m). The spatial and temporal distribution of the data has been analysed and biases have been underlined. The observations show a clear difference in the study effort year by year but always with a significant contribution of the citizen scientists. The analysis of the spatial distribution shows that the observations are preferably collected in protected areas, around main roads and on the roadsides. Many cells of the grid still lack information and these should be the object of future research.
Chromosome numbers for the Italian flora: 4
Authors: Peruzzi Lorenzo , Chiavegatto Raquel , D'Antraccoli Marco , Dolci David , Roma-Marzio Francesco
Published: May 2018

In this contribution new chromosome data obtained on material collected in Italy are presented. It includes 9 chromosome counts for Polygala (Polygalaceae), Dianthus and Silene (Caryophyllaceae).
Online risk perception in young people and its effects on digital behaviour
Authors: Ramos-Soler Irene , López-Sánchez Carmen , Torrecillas-Lacave Teresa
Published: May 2018

An important part of current research regarding online risks is aimed at analysing cyber aggression according to its frequency and type. By contrast, there is less scientific knowledge available on risk perception, the analysis of its components, and the measurement and impact on the behaviour of minors on the Internet. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to establish a classification of minors based on their perception of risk, digital consumption habits, family and/or educational protection factors, and the flow of communication. A structured questionnaire was used from a sample of 865 minors aged 10 to 17 from the Autonomous Region of Madrid. Data were processed using SPSS 15.0 and SPAD 5.0. After a factor and classification analysis was conducted, seven different groups were obtained. The predominant profile, in 42% of the cases, is that of a ‘prudent person’, characterized by a high perception of risk, not spending an excessive amount of time on the Internet, avoiding unsafe behaviour, talking with parents about online difficulties, receiving advice, and having clear rules on Internet use. The perception of risk is shown as a relevant construct in relation to other indicators such as child-rearing techniques used by parents, the time children spend on Internet, dependency on the device, and the type of digital behavior involved.

Una parte importante de las investigaciones actuales sobre riesgos online están encaminadas a analizar las ciberagresiones, su frecuencia y forma. En cambio, hay menos acumulación de conocimiento científico centrado en la percepción de riesgo, el análisis de sus componentes y la medición e impacto sobre la actuación de los menores en la red. Por ello, el objetivo principal del estudio es establecer una clasificación de menores a partir de su percepción de riesgo, hábitos de consumo digital, factores de protección familiares y/o educativos y flujos de comunicación. Se ha aplicado un cuestionario estructurado a una muestra de 865 menores, de 10 a 17 años de la Comunidad de Madrid. Los datos se han procesado con SPSS 15.0 y SPAD 5.0. Tras un análisis factorial y de clasificación se han obtenido siete grupos diferenciados. El perfil predominante, en un 42% de los casos, es el de «prudentes», caracterizado por tener una alta percepción de riesgo, no pasar excesivo tiempo en la red, evitar comportamientos no seguros, conversar con los padres sobre las dificultades online, recibir consejos y tener normas claras sobre el uso de Internet. La percepción de riesgo se muestra como un constructo relevante en relación a otros indicadores como la intervención educativa de los padres, el tiempo que se pasa en Internet, la dependencia del dispositivo y el tipo de comportamiento digital.
Jackson Mac Low Redefines the Limits of Notation: Writing, Performing… and Scoring out?
Authors: Galey-Gambier Célia
Published: May 2018

Jackson Mac Low (1922-2004) s’est attelé à composer des poèmes-partitions interprétables par autrui qui ne prescrivent pas pour autant tous les détails de la performance, en mêlant des signes de notation musicale classique et expérimentale à des dispositifs ad hoc qui résistent durablement à faire système. Loin de conduire au non-sens, cette instabilité sémiotique encourage de nouvelles pratiques de lecture dont le mode d’inscription sociale ébranle les définitions traditionnelles du genre poétique ainsi que les binarismes sur lesquels elles reposent (individu / collectif, production / réception, écriture / lecture).
Music as Metaphor for the Interpretation of a Play: Examples from Sarah Ruhl’s Theater
Authors: Vatain-Corfdir Julie
Published: May 2018

Comparer le texte d’une pièce à une partition musicale suggère une approche physique et sonore du dialogue, fondée sur l’alternance entre voix et silence, à l’opposé des techniques de jeu « psychologiques ». Ce parallèle connote également la précision, la cadence : il met en avant la notion de rythme, ainsi que celle de liberté, de marge de créativité laissée à l’interprète. Cet article creuse ces problématiques au fil de trois pièces de Sarah Ruhl, en explorant l’écriture des didascalies, la disposition des dialogues sur la page, la résonance du mot et de la réplique. La métaphore de la pièce comme partition met en relief la poésie scénique du théâtre de Sarah Ruhl, et contribue à définir le fonctionnement de son écriture.
Bibliometric Analysis of Lean, Agile, and Leagile Supply Chains in Automobile Industry (1990 - 2017)
Authors: Iyengar Venkatesh , Bharathi S. Vijayakumar
Published: May 2018

This article describes how organizations embrace various supply chain strategies aiming at effective and efficient performance outcomes for gaining competitive advantage. The authors conducted an extensive search for academic publications on lean, agile, and leagile (hybrid) supply chains in context with automobile industries, published since year 1990 in reliable repositories such as Google Scholar, Scopus and ResearchGate. None of these papers used bibliometric analysis on the topic. This paper systematically maps, publications on lean, agile, and legal strategies in automobile industry published during 1990–2017. A five-step process is followed, namely (i) defining appropriate search terms, (ii) initial search results, (iii) refinement of search results, (iv) initial data, statistics, and (v) data analysis; adopted for inclusion of relevant documents for publication and citation analysis. Selected documents include primary search term ‘automobile' along with associated secondary terms such as ‘lean', ‘agile', ‘lean and agile', and ‘leagile' as part of the title, abstract, or keywords. The analysis finds several documents on lean or agile strategies, but only one document exists on ‘leagile' paradigm. Maximum articles are contributed on engineering subjects followed by business, management and accounting and computer sciences. Large publication and high citation counts were observed for lean from United States and Chinese authors, whereas Indian authors contributed in agile studies. This article identifies areas of current research interests discussing crucial contributions by several authors' and provides potential directions for further research investigations in the field.
Differential Roles of LTβR in Endothelial Cell Subsets for Lymph Node Organogenesis and Maturation
Authors: Wang Zhongnan , Chai Qian , Zhu Mingzhao
Published: May 2018

Cellular cross-talk mediated by lymphotoxin αβ–lymphotoxin β receptor (LTβR) signaling plays a critical role in lymph node (LN) development. Although the major role of LTβR signaling has long been considered to occur in mesenchymal lymphoid tissue organizer cells, a recent study using a VE-cadherincreLtbrfl/fl mouse model suggested that endothelial LTβR signaling contributes to the formation of LNs. However, the detailed roles of LTβR in different endothelial cells (ECs) in LN development remain unknown. Using various cre transgenic mouse models (Tekcre, a strain targeting ECs, and Lyve1cre, mainly targeting lymphatic ECs), we observed that specific LTβR ablation in Tekcre+ or Lyve1cre+ cells is not required for LN formation. Moreover, double-cre–mediated LTβR depletion does not interrupt LN formation. Nevertheless, TekcreLtbrfl/fl mice exhibit reduced lymphoid tissue inducer cell accumulation at the LN anlagen and impaired LN maturation. Interestingly, a subset of ECs (VE-cadherin+Tekcre-low/neg ECs) was found to be enriched in transcripts related to hematopoietic cell recruitment and transendothelial migration, resembling LN high ECs in adult animals. Furthermore, endothelial Tek was observed to negatively regulate hematopoietic cell transmigration. Taken together, our data suggest that although Tekcre+ endothelial LTβR is required for the accumulation of hematopoietic cells and full LN maturation, LTβR in VE-cadherin+Tekcre-low/neg ECs in embryos might represent a critical portal-determining factor for LN formation.
A survey on preference for continuing professional development among general dental practitioners in Malaysia: A pilot study
Authors: Hamid Nor Faharina Abdul , Affendi Nur Hafizah Kamar , Anwar Nur Elida Shahira Khairul , Tan Nur Fara Izani Muhammad Nor Ikhwan
Published: May 2018

Background: Continuing Professional Development (CPD) is the fundamental components of the Malaysian Dental Council’s policy for improving clinical governance within the dental profession in Malaysia. In Malaysia, participation in CPD activities is compulsory for renewal of practices license. Aim: This study was undertaken to investigate the current CPD practices of Malaysian general dental practitioner (GDP) and to identify the participations in CPD among GDP in Malaysia. Materials and Methods: A total of 114 GDP who attended three CPD program at the Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA were invited to participate in a paper-based questionnaire survey to assess their awareness, participation, and opinion toward the CPD program. Results: Of 110 respondents, 81.7% kept a CPD portfolio. About 93.9% of GDP agree it is important to engage with CPD program. Topic in restorative dentistry, esthetic dentistry, and endodontics attracted high level of interest among GDP, while biostatic was the least preferred. Full-day duration hands-on workshops on Sunday and Saturday was the most preferred CPD programs by most of the respondents. Nearly, 83.3% of GDP considered that lack of time was the main obstacles for attending CPD. Conclusion: This study will provide valuable information to assist Malaysian CPD providers and organizers to formulate appropriate approaches and topics during the planning and conducting the CPD courses and programs according to the needs and actual demands.
Extension Operators for Biholomorphic Mappings
Authors: Wang Jianfei , Zhang Danli
Published: May 2018

Suppose that $D\subset \mathbb{C}$ is a simply connected subdomain containing the origin and $f(z_{1})$ is a normalized convex (resp., starlike) function on $D$. Let $$\begin{eqnarray}\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA}_{N}(D)=\bigg\{(z_{1},w_{1},\ldots ,w_{k})\in \mathbb{C}\times \mathbb{C}^{n_{1}}\times \cdots \times \mathbb{C}^{n_{k}}:\Vert w_{1}\Vert _{p_{1}}^{p_{1}}+\cdots +\Vert w_{k}\Vert _{p_{k}}^{p_{k}}<\frac{1}{\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}_{D}(z_{1})}\bigg\},\end{eqnarray}$$ where $p_{j}\geqslant 1$, $N=1+n_{1}+\cdots +n_{k}$, $w_{1}\in \mathbb{C}^{n_{1}},\ldots ,w_{k}\in \mathbb{C}^{n_{k}}$ and $\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}_{D}$ is the density of the hyperbolic metric on $D$. In this paper, we prove that $$\begin{eqnarray}\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F7}_{N,1/p_{1},\ldots ,1/p_{k}}(f)(z_{1},w_{1},\ldots ,w_{k})=(f(z_{1}),(f^{\prime }(z_{1}))^{1/p_{1}}w_{1},\ldots ,(f^{\prime }(z_{1}))^{1/p_{k}}w_{k})\end{eqnarray}$$ is a normalized convex (resp., starlike) mapping on $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA}_{N}(D)$. If $D$ is the unit disk, then our result reduces to Gong and Liu via a new method. Moreover, we give a new operator for convex mapping construction on an unbounded domain in $\mathbb{C}^{2}$. Using a geometric approach, we prove that $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F7}_{N,1/p_{1},\ldots ,1/p_{k}}(f)$ is a spiral-like mapping of type $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}$ when $f$ is a spiral-like function of type $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}$ on the unit disk.
Developing an Assessment Framework for Essential Internal Medicine Subspecialty Topics
Authors: Chida Natasha , Brown Christopher , Mathad Jyoti , Carpenter Kelly , Nelson George , Schechter Marcos C. , Rebolledo Paulina A. , Fabre Valeria , Cantillo Diana Silva , Longworth Sarah , Amorosa Valerianna , Petrauskis Christian , Boulanger Catherine , Cain Natalie , Gupta Amita , McKenzie-White Jane , Bollinger Robert , Melia Michael
Published: May 2018

Background 

Assessing residents by direct observation is the preferred assessment method for infrequently encountered subspecialty topics, but this is logistically challenging.

Objective 

We developed an assessment framework for internal medicine (IM) residents in subspecialty topics, using tuberculosis diagnosis for proof of concept.

Methods 

We used a 4-step process at 8 academic medical centers that entailed (1) creating a 10-item knowledge assessment tool; (2) pilot testing on a sample of 129 IM residents and infectious disease fellow volunteers to evaluate validity evidence; (3) implementing the final tool among 886 resident volunteers; and (4) assessing outcomes via retrospective chart review. Outcomes included tool score, item performance, and rates of obtaining recommended diagnostics.

Results 

Following tool development, 10 infectious disease experts provided content validity. Pilot testing showed higher mean scores for fellows compared with residents (7 [SD = 1.8] versus 3.8 [SD = 1.7], respectively, P < .001) and a satisfactory Kuder-Richardson Formula 20 (0.72). Implementation of the tool revealed a 14-minute (SD = 2.0) mean completion time, 61% (541 of 886) response rate, 4.4 (SD = 1.6) mean score, and ≤ 57% correct response rate for 9 of 10 items. On chart review (n = 343), the rate of obtaining each recommended test was ≤ 43% (113 of 261), except for chest x-rays (96%, 328 of 343).

Conclusions 

Our assessment framework revealed knowledge and practice gaps in tuberculosis diagnosis in IM residents. Adopting this approach may help ensure assessment is not limited to frequently encountered topics.
Quantifying the effect of mixing on the mean age of air in CCMVal-2 and CCMI-1 models
Authors: Dietmüller Simone , Eichinger Roland , Garny Hella , Birner Thomas , Boenisch Harald , Pitari Giovanni , Mancini Eva , Visioni Daniele , Stenke Andrea , Revell Laura , Rozanov Eugene , Plummer David A. , Scinocca John , Jöckel Patrick , Oman Luke , Deushi Makoto , Kiyotaka Shibata , Kinnison Douglas E. , Garcia Rolando , Morgenstern Olaf , Zeng Guang , Stone Kane Adam , Schofield Robyn
Published: May 2018

Abstract. The stratospheric age of air (AoA) is a useful measure of the overall
capabilities of a general circulation model (GCM) to simulate stratospheric
transport. Previous studies have reported a large spread in the simulation of
AoA by GCMs and coupled chemistry–climate models (CCMs). Compared to
observational estimates, simulated AoA is mostly too low. Here we attempt to
untangle the processes that lead to the AoA differences between the models
and between models and observations. AoA is influenced by both mean transport
by the residual circulation and two-way mixing; we quantify the effects of
these processes using data from the CCM inter-comparison projects CCMVal-2 (Chemistry–Climate
Model Validation Activity 2) and CCMI-1 (Chemistry–Climate Model Initiative, phase 1).
Transport along the residual circulation is measured by the
residual circulation transit time (RCTT). We interpret the difference between
AoA and RCTT as additional aging by mixing. Aging by mixing thus includes
mixing on both the resolved and subgrid scale. We find that the spread in AoA
between the models is primarily caused by differences in the effects of
mixing and only to some extent by differences in residual circulation
strength. These effects are quantified by the mixing efficiency, a measure of
the relative increase in AoA by mixing. The mixing efficiency varies strongly
between the models from 0.24 to 1.02. We show that the mixing efficiency is
not only controlled by horizontal mixing, but by vertical mixing and vertical
diffusion as well. Possible causes for the differences in the models' mixing
efficiencies are discussed. Differences in subgrid-scale mixing (including
differences in advection schemes and model resolutions) likely contribute to
the differences in mixing efficiency. However, differences in the relative
contribution of resolved versus parameterized wave forcing do not appear to be
related to differences in mixing efficiency or AoA.