bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Demonstration of generating explanations for black-box algorithms using Lewis
Authors: Wang Paul Y. , Galhotra Sainyam , Pradhan Romila , Salimi Babak
Published: October 2021

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) aims to reduce the opacity of AI-based decision-making systems, allowing humans to scrutinize and trust them. Unlike prior work that attributes the responsibility for an algorithm's decisions to its inputs as a purely associational concept, we propose a principled causality-based approach for explaining black-box decision-making systems. We present the demonstration of Lewis, a system that generates explanations for black-box algorithms at the global, contextual, and local levels, and provides actionable recourse for individuals negatively affected by an algorithm's decision. Lewis makes no assumptions about the internals of the algorithm except for the availability of its input-output data. The explanations generated by Lewis are based on probabilistic contrastive counterfactuals, a concept that can be traced back to philosophical, cognitive, and social foundations of theories on how humans generate and select explanations. We describe the system layout of Lewis wherein an end-user specifies the underlying causal model and Lewis generates explanations for particular use-cases, compares them with explanations generated by state-of-the-art approaches in XAI, and provides actionable recourse when applicable. Lewis has been developed as open-source software; the code and the demonstration video are available at lewis-system.github.io.
Wikinegata
Authors: Arnaout Hiba , Razniewski Simon , Weikum Gerhard , Pan Jeff Z.
Published: October 2021

Databases about general-world knowledge, so-called knowledge bases (KBs), are important in applications such as search and question answering. Traditionally, although KBs use open world assumption, popular KBs only store positive information, but withhold from taking any stance towards statements
not
contained in them. In this demo, we show that storing and presenting
noteworthy
negative statements would be important to overcome current limitations in various use cases. In particular, we introduce the

Wiki
neg
ata

portal, a platform to explore negative statements for Wikidata entities, by implementing a peer-based ranking method for inferring interesting negations in KBs. The demo is available at http://d5demos.mpi-inf.mpg.de/negation.
An intermediate representation for hybrid database and machine learning workloads
Authors: Shaikhha Amir , Schleich Maximilian , Olteanu Dan
Published: October 2021

IFAQ is an intermediate representation and compilation framework for hybrid database and machine learning workloads expressible using iterative programs with functional aggregate queries. We demonstrate IFAQ for several OLAP queries, linear algebra expressions, and learning factorization machines over training datasets defined by feature extraction queries over relational databases.
AutoExecutor
Authors: Sen Rathijit , Roy Abhishek , Jindal Alekh , Fang Rui , Zheng Jeff , Liu Xiaolei , Li Ruiping
Published: October 2021

Right-sizing resources for query execution is important for cost-efficient performance, but estimating how performance is affected by resource allocations, upfront, before query execution is difficult. We demonstrate
AutoExecutor
, a predictive system that uses machine learning models to predict query run times as a function of the number of allocated executors, that limits the maximum allowed parallelism, for Spark SQL queries running on Azure Synapse.
Valentine in action
Authors: Koutras Christos , Psarakis Kyriakos , Siachamis George , Ionescu Andra , Fragkoulis Marios , Bonifati Angela , Katsifodimos Asterios
Published: October 2021

Capturing relationships among heterogeneous datasets in large data lakes - traditionally termed schema matching - is one of the most challenging problems that corporations and institutions face nowadays. Discovering and integrating datasets heavily relies on the effectiveness of the schema matching methods in use. However, despite the wealth of research, evaluation of schema matching methods is still a daunting task: there is a lack of openly-available datasets with ground truth, reference method implementations, and comprehensible GUIs that would facilitate development of both novel state-of-the-art schema matching techniques and novel data discovery methods.

Our recently proposed Valentine is the first system to offer an open-source experiment suite to organize, execute and orchestrate large-scale matching experiments. In this demonstration we present its functionalities and enhancements:
i)
a scalable system, with a user-centric GUI, that enables the fabrication of datasets and the evaluation of matching methods on schema matching scenarios tailored to the scope of tabular dataset discovery,
ii)
a scalable holistic matching system that can receive tabular datasets from heterogeneous sources and provide with similarity scores among their columns, in order to facilitate modern procedures in data lakes, such as dataset discovery.
Towards a polyglot framework for factorized ML
Authors: Justo David , Yi Shaoqing , Stadler Lukas , Polikarpova Nadia , Kumar Arun
Published: October 2021

Optimizing machine learning (ML) workloads on structured data is a key concern for data platforms. One class of optimizations called "factorized ML" helps reduce ML runtimes over multi-table datasets by pushing ML computations down through joins, avoiding the need to materialize such joins. The recent Morpheus systemautomatedfactorized ML toanyML algorithm expressible in linear algebra (LA). But all such prior factorized ML/LA stacks are restricted by their chosen programming language (PL) and runtime environment, limiting their reach in emerging industrial data science environments with many PLs (R, Python, etc.) and even cross-PL analytics workflows. Re-implementing Morpheus from scratch in each PL/environment is amassive developability overheadfor implementation, testing, and maintenance. We tackle this challenge by proposing a new system architecture,Trinity, to enable factorized LA logic to bewritten only onceand easilyreused across many PLs/LA tools in one go. To do this in an extensible and efficient manner without costly data copies, Trinity leverages and extends an emerging industrial polyglot compiler and runtime, Oracle's GraalVM. Trinity enables factorized LA in multiple PLs and even cross-PL workflows. Experiments with real datasets show that Trinity is significantly faster than materialized execution (> 8x speedups in some cases), while being largely competitive to a prior single PL-focused Morpheus stack.
The end of Moore's law and the rise of the data processor
Authors: Dayan Niv , Twitto Moshe , Rochman Yuval , Beitler Uri , Zion Itai Ben , Bortnikov Edward , Dashevsky Shmuel , Frishman Ofer , Ginzburg Evgeni , Maly Igal , Meir Avraham (Poza) , Mokryn Mark , Naiss Iddo , Rabinovich Noam
Published: October 2021

With the end of Moore's Law, database architects are turning to hardware accelerators to offload computationally intensive tasks from the CPU. In this paper, we show that accelerators can facilitate far more than just computation: they enable algorithms and data structures that lavishly expand computation in order to optimize for disparate cost metrics. We introduce the Pliops Extreme Data Processor (XDP), a novel storage engine implemented from the ground up using customized hardware. At its core, XDP consists of an accelerated hash table to index the data in storage using less memory and fewer storage accesses for queries than the best alternative. XDP also employs an accelerated compressor, a capacitor, and a lock-free RAID sub-system to minimize storage space and recovery time while minimizing performance penalties. As a result, XDP overcomes cost contentions that have so far been inescapable.
Managing ML pipelines
Authors: Orr Laurel , Sanyal Atindriyo , Ling Xiao , Goel Karan , Leszczynski Megan
Published: October 2021

The industrial machine learning pipeline requires iterating on model features, training and deploying models, and monitoring deployed models at scale. Feature stores were developed to manage and standardize the engineer's workflow in this end-to-end pipeline, focusing on traditional tabular feature data. In recent years, however, model development has shifted towards using self-supervised pretrained embeddings as model features. Managing these embeddings and the downstream systems that use them introduces new challenges with respect to managing embedding training data, measuring embedding quality, and monitoring downstream models that use embeddings. These challenges are largely unaddressed in standard feature stores. Our goal in this tutorial is to introduce the feature store system and discuss the challenges and current solutions to managing these new embedding-centric pipelines.
Machine learning for databases
Authors: Li Guoliang , Zhou Xuanhe , Cao Lei
Published: October 2021

Machine learning techniques have been proposed to optimize the databases. For example, traditional empirical database optimization techniques (e.g., cost estimation, join order selection, knob tuning, index and view advisor) cannot meet the high-performance requirement for large-scale database instances, various applications and diversified users, especially on the cloud. Fortunately, machine learning based techniques can alleviate this problem by judiciously selecting optimization strategy. In this tutorial, we categorize database tasks into three typical problems that can be optimized by different machine learning models, including NP-hard problems (e.g., knob space exploration, index/view selection, partition-key recommendation for offline optimization; query rewrite, join order selection for online optimization), regression problems (e.g., cost/cardinality estimation, index/view benefit estimation, query latency prediction), and prediction problems (e.g., query workload prediction). We review existing machine learning based techniques to address these problems and provide research challenges.
The power of summarization in graph mining and learning
Authors: Koutra Danai
Published: October 2021

Our ability to generate, collect, and archive data related to everyday activities, such as interacting on social media, browsing the web, and monitoring well-being, is rapidly increasing. Getting the most benefit from this large-scale data requires analysis of patterns it contains, which is computationally intensive or even intractable. Summarization techniques produce compact data representations (summaries) that enable faster processing by complex algorithms and queries.

This talk will cover summarization of interconnected data (graphs) [3], which can represent a variety of natural processes (e.g., friendships, communication). I will present an overview of my group's work on bridging the gap between research on summarized network representations and real-world problems. Examples include summarization of massive knowledge graphs for refinement [2] and on-device querying [4], summarization of graph streams for persistent activity detection [1], and summarization within graph neural networks for fast, interpretable classification [5]. I will conclude with open challenges and opportunities for future research.
The Mg/Fe ratio of silicate minerals in the meteoritic materials and in the circumstellar environment: A case study for the chondritic-like composition
Authors: Futó Péter , Vanyó József , Simonia Irakli , Sztakovics János , Nagy Mihály , Gucsik Arnold , Döncző Boglárka , Kertész Zsófia , Novák Richárd , Csámer Árpád
Published: October 2021

Kaba meteorite as a reference material (one of a least metamorphosed and most primitive carbonaceous chondrites fell on Earth) was chosen for this study providing an adequate background for study of the protoplanetary disk or even the crystallization processes of the Early Solar System. Its olivine minerals (forsterite and fayalite) and their Mg/Fe ratio can help us to understand more about the planet formation mechanism and whether or not the metallic constitutes of the disk could be precursors for the type of planets in the Solar System. A multiple methodological approach such as a combination of the scanning electron microscope, optical microscope, Raman spectroscopy and electron microprobe of the olivine grains give the Fe/Mg ratio database. The analyses above confirmed that planet formation in the protoplanetary disk is driven by the mineralogical precursors of the crystallization process. On the other hand, four nebulae mentioned in this study provide the astronomical data confirming that the planet formation in the protoplanetary disk is dominated or even driven by the metallic constituents.
Some results on generalized finite operators and range kernel orthogonality in Hilbert spaces
Authors: Mesbah Nadia , Messaoudene Hadia , Alharbi Asma
Published: October 2021

Let

ℋ

{\mathcal{ {\mathcal H} }}

be a complex Hilbert space and

ℬ

(

ℋ

)

{\mathcal{ {\mathcal B} }}\left({\mathcal{ {\mathcal H} }})

denotes the algebra of all bounded linear operators acting on

ℋ

{\mathcal{ {\mathcal H} }}

. In this paper, we present some new pairs of generalized finite operators. More precisely, new pairs of operators

(

A
,
B

)

∈
ℬ

(

ℋ

)

×
ℬ

(

ℋ

)

\left(A,B)\in {\mathcal{ {\mathcal B} }}\left({\mathcal{ {\mathcal H} }})\times {\mathcal{ {\mathcal B} }}\left({\mathcal{ {\mathcal H} }})

satisfying:

∥

A
X
−
X
B
−
I

∥

≥
1
,

for all

X
∈
ℬ

(

ℋ

)

.

\parallel AX-XB-I\parallel \ge 1,\hspace{1.0em}\hspace{0.1em}\text{for all}\hspace{0.1em}\hspace{0.33em}X\in {\mathcal{ {\mathcal B} }}\left({\mathcal{ {\mathcal H} }}).

An example under which the class of such operators is not invariant under similarity orbit is given. Range kernel orthogonality of generalized derivation is also studied.
Numerical study of a fractal-like tree node micromixer based on Murray’s law
Authors: Xie Hangda , Chen Xueye
Published: October 2021

This article focuses on the influence of fractal-like tree node (FTN) on the mixing efficiency and pressure drop of the micromixer. The mixing efficiency of FTN micromixers with different branch angle δ = 30°, 60° and 90° are compared at six kinds of Reynolds (Res). We can get that the micromixer with δ = 90° has higher mixing efficiency at any Re. The mixing results of the center FTN and the stagger FTN micromixer show that the center FTN has better mixing effect. The angle of FTN and the number of FTN are the key to improve the mixing efficiency. They are also the key to change the pressure drop in the microchannel. The FTN can slow down the pressure drop and maintain the stable pressure drop between two adjacent FTNs. The way to obtain a more stable pressure range is to increase the distance between two adjacent FTN. This provides a reliable reference for maintaining a stable pressure in the microchannel.
Application of Complexity Theory to Organizational Career Management System’s Development
Authors: Rapuano Violeta , Valickas Andrius
Published: October 2021

The paper aims to highlight the relevance of complexity theory application to organizational career management processes and systems. This perspective enables to reveal and analyse the employees’ career management challenges faced by organizations in the context of high complexity. The study shows that organizations strive for a flexible and adaptable workforce while employees seek to increase their employability and competitiveness in organizations and in the labour market. Consequently, the role of current organizations in the context of complexity in employees’ career management is to help them to sustain and grow their career potential thereby strengthening their own competitive advantage.
The View of Customers Towards the Usage of Cause-Related Marketing to Build Good Corporate Reputation
Authors: Šontaitė-Petkevičienė Miglė , Grigaliūnaitė Rūta
Published: October 2021

This paper analyses the usage of cause-related marketing to build good corporate reputation by empirically evaluating and comparing it from the view of customers. After conceptualization of theoretical insights on the use of cause-related marketing, while building good corporate reputation, there are presented research results from the point of view of customers on cause-related marketing to build good corporate reputation.
Importance of blinding and expectations in opioid-induced constipation: evidence from a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sieg Mette , Mark Esben Bolvig , Drewes Asbjørn Mohr , Vase Lene
Published: October 2021

Objectives

Previous studies have found little association between objective measures and the subjective experience of opioid-induced constipation. The subjective experience of opioid-induced constipation may be influenced by treatment expectations. While most trials control for treatment expectations through blinding, success rate is generally low. This study aimed to explore the association between objective measures and the subjective experience of opioid-induced constipation, while considering blinding success and treatment expectations, and other psychological factors.

Methods

Data from a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled crossover trial including 21 healthy male participants was analyzed. Participants received either placebo, tapentadol, or oxycodone (in equipotent doses) for 14 days. They were assessed on objective and subjective measures of opioid-induced constipation (gastrointestinal transit time and the Patient Assessment of Constipation-Symptoms questionnaire, respectively), treatment guesses to indicate blinding success, and psychological factors.

Results

There was a strong association between objective and subjective measures of opioid-induced constipation when participants were treated with oxycodone (r=0.676, p=0.006). Furthermore, participants were able to guess that they received active treatment when treated with oxycodone (p<0.001), suggesting that treatment expectations may have influenced the subjective experience of symptoms. Finally, patterns of moderate associations between opioid-induced constipation and other psychological factors emerged, although none reached significance (p>0.05).

Conclusions

Results indicate that treatment expectations could play an important role in the subjective experience of opioid-induced constipation, and support the importance of assessing blinding success in study trials. Besides expectations, other psychological factors may be associated with opioid-induced constipation.
Próba zastosowania ß-D-galaktozydazy do produkcji probiotycznych lodów mlecznych
Authors: Kowalczyk Magdalena , Znamirowska Agata
Published: October 2021

Celem badań była ocena możliwości zastosowania β-D-galaktozydazy do produkcji lodów mlecznych z inuliną i Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis BB-12. Badania obejmowały oznaczenie kwasowości i składu chemicznego mieszanek oraz określenie właściwości fizykochemicznych, sensorycznych i liczby komórek bakterii probiotycznych w lodach mlecznych w czasie zamrażalniczego przechowywania. Średnie wartości pH w mieszance poddanej hydrolizie laktozy i z tradycyjną zawartością laktozy nie różniły się statystycznie istotnie. Nie stwierdzono także różnic pod względem składu chemicznego mieszanek, tj. zawartości białka, cukru i tłuszczu. Produkty uznaje się za probiotyczne, gdy liczba komórek bakterii w nich zawartych wynosi minimum 6 log jtk·g-1. Wyprodukowane mieszanki lodowe spełniały wymagane kryterium, a nawet przekraczały to minimum o ok. 3 log jtk·g-1. Wartość pH po jednym dniu przechowywania lodów wynosiła od 5,51 w lodach niskolaktozowych do 5,00 w lodach z laktozą. Wraz z wydłużeniem czasu przechowywania z jednego dnia do 28 wartość pH wzrosła o 0,04 jednostki w lodach z laktozą i o 0,13 – w niskolaktozowych. Enzymatyczny rozkład laktozy nie miał wpływu na wzrost liczby komórek bakterii Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 podczas fermentacji mieszanki oraz zamrażania i przechowywania lodów. Tylko w przypadku lodów niskolaktozowych wydłużenie czasu zamrażalniczego przechowywania do 28 dni skutkowało istotną redukcją liczby komórek Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12. Lody z laktozą charakteryzowały się większą puszystością niż lody niskolaktozowe tylko po jednym dniu przechowywania. W produkcji lodów niskolaktozowych należy uwzględnić ich bardziej intensywny smak słodki niż lodów z laktozą. Wskazuje to na możliwość proporcjonalnego zmniejszenia dodatku sacharozy do lodów niskolaktozowych i uzyskanie zbliżonego smaku słodkiego jak w lodach z laktozą.
Evaluation of risk perception of selected food hazards using Perceived Food Risk Index (PFRI)
Authors: Niewczas-Dobrowolska Magdalena , Sikora Tadeusz
Published: October 2021

Risk perception depends on many socio-economic and psychological factors. It is very important to know how consumers perceive risks associated with food hazards such as: hormone residues, GM food, food preservatives and trans fats. In the paper, there is presented a tool to measure risk perception – a Perceived Food Risk Index (PFRI). The survey was conducted among 152 young consumers in three regions in Poland, in 2016. The objective of the paper was to show how consumers perceive some selected food hazards. It has been found that the highest perceived risk was associated with determination whether the hazard is natural or caused by human activities – the sum of average ratings was 15.7. In the case of scientists' knowledge about hazard – the sum of average ratings was 14.7. The lowest perceived risk was associated with the correlation between the severity of hazard and the quantity of consumed food – the sum of average ratings was 11.2, and with the supervision/control of food consumption – the sum of average ratings was 11.6. The survey performed highlights the need for and the importance of measuring and collecting information about the food risk perception by consumers. The perception of food risk impacts their food choices and behaviour when food hazard appears.
Skład i wartość odżywcza mleka klaczy i oślic w porównaniu z mlekiem krów
Authors: Dmytrów Izabela , Włodarczyk Karol
Published: October 2021

Wydajność oraz cechy fizykochemiczne mleka ssaków zależą od czynników genetycznych, fizjologicznych oraz środowiskowych. Ze względu na wartościowy skład chemiczny i potencjalnie prozdrowotne właściwości na popularności zyskuje obecnie mleko klaczy i oślic. Zawartość białka w mleku klaczy (1,5 ÷ 2,8 %) jest większa niż w mleku oślic (1,5 ÷ 1,8 %) i mniejsza niż w mleku krowim (3,1 ÷ 3,8 %). Mleko klaczy polecane jest m.in. ze względu na zawartość laktoferyny (9,9 ÷ 10,0 % białek serwatkowych) i lizozymu (6,6 ÷ 6,9 % białek serwatkowych) oraz immunoglobulin (18,7 ÷ 20,9 % białek serwatkowych). Udział białek odpornościowych w mleku krowim i oślim mieści się w zakresie odpowiednio: 10,1 ÷ 11,7 % oraz 10,9 ÷ 11,2 % w stosunku do zawartości białek serwatkowych, natomiast lizozym w mleku krów występuje w ilościach śladowych, podczas gdy w mleku oślic jego zawartość może wynosić nawet 20 %. Drugim po lizozymie składnikiem antybakteryjnym jest laktoferyna. Najwięcej jej zawiera mleko oślic (23,4 ÷ 25,1 % białek serwatkowych), następnie mleko klaczy (9,9 ÷ 10,0 % białek serwatkowych) i krów (7,8 ÷ 8,4 % białek serwatkowych). Zawartość laktozy w mleku oślic, klaczy i krów wynosi odpowiednio: 5,8 ÷ 7,4 %, 5,8 ÷ 7,0 % oraz 4,4 ÷ 4,9 %, natomiast tłuszczu: 0,28 ÷ 1,82 %, 0,5 ÷ 2,0 % oraz 3,5 ÷ 4,0 %. Mleko oślic jest bogate w witaminę C, a zawiera mniej witamin A i E. Charakteryzuje się także większą zawartością witamin D3 i B2, zarówno w porównaniu z mlekiem krowim, jak i z mlekiem klaczy. Mleko krów i oślic charakteryzuje się większą zawartością sodu, wapnia i cynku niż mleko klaczy. W mleku oślic obserwuje się także najmniejszą zawartość potasu i miedzi oraz największą – żelaza. Najbogatsze w miedź i potas jest natomiast mleko krów. Wartościowy skład chemiczny mleka klaczy oraz oślic czyni je interesującym dla technologów oraz dietetyków.
Wpływ zamienników cukru na stopień napowietrzenia i topliwość średnio twardych lodów śmietankowych
Authors: Ostróżka Katarzyna , Wichrowska Dorota
Published: October 2021

Wśród odżywczych i dietetycznych deserów można wymienić lody mleczne, a do najczęściej spożywanych należą – śmietankowe. Lody te są cennym źródłem białka i wapnia w diecie. Charakteryzują się one mniejszą wartością energetyczną w porównaniu z innymi deserami. Mogą być propozycją deseru dla osób zmagających się z otyłością i cukrzycą, pod warunkiem ograniczenia w nich cukru białego lub wykorzystania zamienników sacharozy. Pożądanymi cechami lodów, zarówno dla branży lodziarskiej, jak również dla konsumentów, jest ich puszystość oraz niewielka topliwość. Celem pracy było określenie możliwości zastosowania zamienników cukru i ich wpływu na stopień napowietrzenia i topliwość lodów śmietankowych średnio twardych. Badany materiał stanowiły średnio twarde lody śmietankowe z sacharozą jako wzorcem i z dodatkiem zamienników cukrowych, tj. maltitolu, ksylitolu, erytrytolu oraz stewii. Określono stopień napowietrzenia [%] i całkowity czas topnienia [min] lodów, oznaczono ich suchą masę oraz przeprowadzono ocenę sensoryczną lodów. Największym stopniem napowietrzenia charakteryzowały się lody śmietankowe z sacharozą, kolejno ze stewią, ksylitolem, maltitolem. Najmniejszą puszystością cechowały się lody z erytrytolem. Topliwość lodów była skorelowana z ich puszystością – im lody były bardziej napowietrzone, tym wolniej się topiły, z wyjątkiem lodów z dodatkiem maltitolu. Najwolniej topiły się lody śmietankowe z sacharozą, kolejno z maltitolem, stewią, ksylitolem, a najszybciej – lody z erytrytolem. Najbardziej pożądanymi cechami pod względem stopnia napowietrzenia oraz szybkości topnienia charakteryzowały się lody ze stewią. Pod względem sensorycznym najwyżej oceniono lody śmietankowe z ksylitolem, kolejno lody z dodatkiem sacharozy, maltitolu, stewii. Najniższą ogólną ocenę sensoryczną przyporządkowano lodom śmietankowym z erytrytolem.
Zamrażanie i liofilizacja jako techniki utrwalania i przechowywania mikroorganizmów
Authors: Akimowicz Monika , Sokołowska Barbara
Published: October 2021

Zadaniem kolekcji kultur jest gromadzenie i przechowywanie mikroorganizmów w celu ochrony bioróżnorodności zasobów biologicznych. Działają one jako repozytoria szczepów do badań naukowych, dydaktyki, zastosowań przemysłowych oraz depozytów patentowych. W kolekcjach kultur mikroorganizmów prowadzi się także badania mające na celu identyfikację, charakterystykę i klasyfikację oraz poprawę właściwości użytkowych przechowywanych zasobów. Podczas przechowywania ważne jest zachowanie w stanie niezmienionym morfologii, aktywności enzymatycznej i materiału genetycznego mikroorganizmów, jak również zapewnienie ich wysokiej przeżywalności. Zgodnie z zaleceniami Światowej Federacji Kolekcji Kultur (WFCC, World Federation for Culture Collection) ze względów bezpieczeństwa i w celu zminimalizowania ryzyka utraty szczepów powinny być one przechowywane przy użyciu co najmniej dwóch różnych procedur. W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono zamrażanie i liofilizację jako techniki utrwalania i przechowywania mikroorganizmów najczęściej stosowane w kolekcjach. Opracowanie może być pomocne w doborze odpowiedniej techniki utrwalania, warunków prowadzenia procesu i przechowywania oraz ożywiania utrwalonych mikroorganizmów.
Crisis of Secularism and Changing Contours of Minority Politics in India
Authors: Santhosh R. , Paleri Dayal
Published: October 2021

This paper examines the changing nature of Muslim political mobilization in contemporary India in the context of Hindu nationalism’s ascendancy into power and the consequent crisis of traditional Muslim politics. Through an ethnographic case study of the Popular Front of India, we argue that a qualitatively new form of political mobilization is taking place among Indian Muslims centered on an articulation of “self-defense” against a “Hindu nationalist threat.” This politics of self-defense is constructed on the reconciliation of two contradictory processes: use of extensive legal pragmatism, and defensive ethnicization based on Islamic identity. The paper also examines the consequences of the emerging politics of competing ethnicization for even a normative and minimal idea of secularism and how it contributes to the process of decoupling of secularism and democracy in contemporary India.
RESEARCH ON THE BODY-MASS INDEX OF THE BODY AND THE BODY CIRCUMFERENCE IN THE CURRENT SECTION OF THE EQUAL ROTATION MOMENTS OF THE UPPER AND LOWER PART OF THE BODY
Authors: Atanasov A. , Pirovski N. , Valev D.
Published: October 2021

The bed-scales determine the section in which the torques of the upper and lower body is balanced. In this section, body circumference is measured and a relationship is sought between body circumference and body mass parameters (M, kg), body height (H, m), and body mass index (BMI, kg/m2). Aim of the study: Investigate the relationship between the circumference of the body in the cross section of the equal torques of the upper and the lower body and the body mass index of the body. Results: 64 people between the ages of 18 and 28 were examined. The high correlation coefficient between the body circumference and body mass and BMI, as well as low correlation coefficient between body circumference and body height were obtained. Conclusions: There is no statistically significant relationship between body circumference and height. At different body heights, equal body circumferences can be observed.
Rebels Without a Cause? Polish Rock and Metal Music After 1989
Authors: Mądro Andrzej
Published: October 2021

The 1980s are considered the boom of Polish rock music which over time has become glorified thanks to extensive journalistic and scientific literature. However, there are still few resources about Polish music from the 1990s, after the political transformation. Yet since 1989, profound changes have taken place in Polish popular music. The predominant influences of punk rock and New Wave gave way to grunge, Britpop, thrash metal and rapcore. At the same time, the mainstream of Polish rock underwent market standardization and commercialization, leading to a loss of its raw sound and heroic character. For many, it was a time of great commercial success. What had previously been sown, blossomed and gave way to the second boom of Polish rock. The aim of this article is to explore this rich creativity in a broad, transdisciplinary perspective. It is also an attempt to answer the questions: Does rock work only in times of political crisis? Can rebellion become a commodity for sale?
Theodosiou, Aspasia (Sissy), and Eleni Kallimopoulou. 2020. Music Communities in Twenty-first-century Greece: Sonic Glances in the Field.
Authors: Balandina Alexandra
Published: October 2021

Theodosiou, Aspasia (Sissy), and Eleni Kallimopoulou. 2020. Music Communities in Twenty-first-century Greece: Sonic Glances in the Field. Athens: Pedio Publications. 528pp. ISBN 9789606352461 (pbk)
Durable Remission with Immunotherapy in a Patient with Sarcomatoid Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Anusim Nwabundo , Gbadebo Damilola , Afolayan-Oloye Olabisi , Jaiyesimi Ishmael
Published: October 2021

Sarcomatoid differentiation is a rare and aggressive histologic subtype with poor prognosis, seen in several malignancies. In sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the degree of sarcomatoid differentiation and the stage at presentation determines the prognosis. Despite resection, chemotherapy and targeted therapy response is modest, with relapse usually occurring within a few months. We present a case of a gentleman with sarcomatoid RCC managed with pembrolizumab, who has had no evidence of recurrence for over 4 years since the last dose of immunotherapy. RCCs with sarcomatoid differentiation have a high presence of programmed cell death protein 1 and programmed cell death ligand 1 in T cells and tumor cells, respectively, making immunotherapy an attractive option in this setting. Clinical trials are ongoing to further define the benefit of immunotherapy in sarcomatoid RCC.
Consumidores y consumo de productos agroecológicos en los Integrantes de la Red de Mercados Agroecológicos de Bogotá, Región – RMABR
Authors: Chaparro Africano Adriana María , Franco Chocue Luz Magaly
Published: October 2021

Los indicadores de sostenibilidad más deficientes en la Red de Mercados Agroecológicos de Bogotá, Región, para 2016 y 2017, fueron el número de consumidores y las ventas. Por lo anterior, esta investigación buscó caracterizar los consumidores y el consumo en la RMABR, para, luego, generar estrategias asertivas de comunicación, educación y de mercadeo. Se realizó una investigación descriptiva, de enfoque mixto, para la cual se aplicó una encuesta con veinte seis preguntas a través de un formulario de Google, entre el 16 de abril y el 17 de mayo de 2018. La muestra total fue de 149 consumidores (80 % confiabilidad, 5 % de error). El análisis de los resultados se efectuó mediante estadística descriptiva y comparación con otros estudios. La principal motivación de compra identificada es la salud, mientras la de no compra es el precio, aunque hay una disposición a pagar sobreprecio del 10 %. Los productos favoritos son cereales, frutas y verduras, las frecuencias preferidas de compra son semanal y quincenal, directamente a productores y en ferias, con un rango mayoritario de menos de 100 mil a 300 mil pesos. Estos estudios no son comunes en agroecología, se identificaron 16 estudios similares para productos ecológicos, pero uno solo para agroecológicos.
Doppler Ultrasound Evaluation of Patients with Popliteal Vascular Entrapment Syndrome
Authors: H Zhong , Y Liang , G Shao , H Qi , Y Zhao , M Wang , W Yang
Published: October 2021

Background: To retrospectively evaluate Doppler ultrasound findings for patients with Popliteal Vascular Entrapment Syndrome (PVES).
Samisk kunst og norsk kunsthistorie. Delvise forbindelser
Authors: Grini Monica
Published: October 2021

Sápmi, the Sámi area, is transnational; it transcends four nation states, Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Russia. Art and art history has been considered natural parts of a nation state’s inventory at least since the 19th century and has contributed to the production and maintenance of national identities and narratives. What is the role of the nation state in art history, and how has the national paradigm affected the presentation of Sámi art, historically and today? Focusing on the discipline of art history in Norway, the volume exposes the prevailing representation of Sámi art, duodji, and dáidda as ethnographic material and relates it to the politics of nation building in the nineteenth and early twentieth century. The book examines the representation of Sámi art, artefacts, practices, materialites, actors, concepts, and themes in Norwegian Art History, to uncover some of the established disciplinary mechanisms and narratives. The central method is historiography in combination with fieldwork in archives and museums, aimed at doing art historiography in the expanded field – to move beyond the traditional textual focus and question naturalized institutional and disciplinary boundaries. This is one of very few historiographical studies of the art historical discipline in Norway, and the only one that does this by centring on Sámi traditions, items, actors, and conceptualizations.
Assessing the potential for managed aquifer recharge (MAR) of the Cape Flats Aquifer
Authors: B Mauck  , K Winter
Published: October 2021

This paper discusses the potential use of ‘managed aquifer recharge’ (MAR) in Cape Town to provide additional water supplies to the city that are fit-for-purpose. The paper investigates the feasibility of implementing MAR by simulating the artificial recharge of winter stormwater into the Cape Flats Aquifer (CFA), an extensive sandy, unconfined aquifer that covers most of metropolitan Cape Town’s urban landscape. The objective is to assess the storage capacity and supply potential of two MAR sites by modelling various scenarios in order to determine the feasibility of MAR as a viable strategy for achieving improved water security by augmenting groundwater water supply. The selected scenarios demonstrated that MAR could be used to minimise the risk of seawater intrusion and maximise the amount of water available for abstraction from the CFA. Six MAR scenarios provided strong evidence to suggest that there is sufficient storage capacity within the CFA for using stormwater to improve the wellfield yield in two regions of the CFA and which can sustainably yield approximately 18 Mm3 per year. The study concluded that the use of stormwater or treated wastewater could be deliberately used to recharge the CFA and as a viable option in support of the City of Cape Town’s intention to establish a water-resilient city by 2030.
Development and production of iceberg lettuce irrigated with magnetically treated water
Authors: Lis Tavares Ordones Lemos  , Fábio Ponciano de Deus  , Valter Carvalho de Andrade Júnior  , Michael Silveira Thebaldi  , Marcio Mesquita  , Rodrigo César de Almeida
Published: October 2021

Irrigated agriculture has become a concern, given the scarcity of freshwater. To reduce its water consumption, new techniques and technologies have been proposed. Based on this, the objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of different soil water tensions at initiation of irrigation with magnetically treated water, on ‘iceberg’ lettuce Lucy Brown (Lactuca Sativa L.) development and production. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, using a completely randomized factorial design, to evaluate two water types (magnetically treated water – MW and ordinary water – OW) and four soil water tensions at initiation of irrigation (T1 – 15 kPa, T2 – 25 kPa, T3 – 40 kPa and T4 – 70 kPa), with three replicates. Tensiometers were used to estimate soil water tension. The evaluated parameters were: aerial part fresh and dry total mass; commercial head fresh and dry mass, root fresh and dry mass; stem fresh and dry mass; stem length and diameter; percentage of leaves with tip burn, total and commercial yield; water use efficiency related to total and commercial yield; plant exposed area; and dry matter content. Despite achieving greater water use efficiency, the magnetic treatment may have hindered the removal of water from the soil by the crop, especially at increased soil water tension at initiation of irrigation.
Modelling daily net radiation of open water surfaces using land-based meteorological data
Authors: L Myeni  , MJ Savage  , AD Clulow
Published: October 2021

Accurate quantification of net irradiance of open water (Rn water) is of paramount importance for the estimation of open water evaporation, which is critical for the efficient management of water resources. Alternatively, model estimates of Rn water are often used when quality measurements of Rn water are not readily available for the water storage of interest. A Daily Penman, Monteith, Equilibrium Temperature Hargreaves-Samani (DPMETHS) model has been developed for the estimation of Rn water using land-based meteorological data. The DPMETHS model is a spreadsheet-based iterative procedure that computes Rn water using daily land-based meteorological measurements of solar irradiance (Rs land), minimum and maximum air temperatures (Tmin and Tmax), minimum and maximum relative humidity (RHmin and RHmax) and average wind speed (Uland). In this study, the DPMETHS model was evaluated using daily Rn water in-situ measurements acquired from 5 sites in both hemispheres, representing very different climatic conditions. Results showed reasonable model performance at all 5 sites, with the coefficient of determination (r2) values greater than 0.85 and root mean square error (RMSE) values ranging from 0.60 MJ∙m-2 for Stratus Ocean (East Pacific Ocean) to 1.89 MJ∙m-2 for Midmar Dam (South Africa). The results of this study suggested that the DPMETHS model can be reliably used to estimate Rn water for a wide range of climatic conditions. The performance of the DPMETHS model depends on the representativeness of the land-based meteorological data to the weather conditions above the open water surface. The DPMETHS model is user-friendly with minimal computational and data requirements that allows easy data handling and visual inspection.
Diagnóstico das ações de gestão pública voltadas ao abastecimento de água e esgotamento sanitário nos Municípios inseridos na Bacia Hidrográfica da Lagoa Mirim e Canal São Gonçalo.
Authors: Branco Filho Thelmo de Carvalho Teixeira , Silva Elisa Inácio da , Bartz Isadora
Published: October 2021

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Desenvolvimento Local e Sustentável
Authors: Sant’ana Lucas César Frediani , Bento Layne de Souza , Pereira Danusa de Cássia
Published: October 2021

Por muito tempo, a busca e aplicação de modelos de desenvolvimento que não contemplavam as características e demandas locais, além de não considerarem a sustentabilidade ambiental, comprometeram sistemas socioambientais, levando-os a sua degradação. Seja talvez este, um dos maiores desafios da gestão territorial – alavancar o crescimento econômico, porém sem comprometer os sistemas naturais. Assim, têm-se na perspectiva do desenvolvimento local e sustentável, a possibilidade do rompimento com as velhas formas de se pensar o desenvolvimento dos territórios - pautado em ganhos imediatos e às custas da degradação social e ambiental. Trata-se aqui de uma abordagem destes dois eixos – desenvolvimento Local e Sustentável - a partir de revisões geográficas, pautada em uma literatura diversificada, porém de grande pertinência para o tema Vê-se um caminho longo, porém necessário na busca de uma nova percepção de desenvolvimento.
The Structure of Filter Curve and Methods of Its Approximation.
Part 3. Equations for Filter Curve Approximation
Authors: Merentsov N. A. , Balashov V. A. , Golovanchikov A. B. , Topilin M. V. , Persidskiy A. V.
Published: October 2021

The paper describes the structure of the filtration curve built in a wide range of variation of filtration rates. A detailed description of the mechanism of occurrence and development of the inertial component of the filtration flow structure is given. Equations are presented that can be used to approximate the filtration curve. A modified equation is proposed that provides a smooth transition from laminar to turbulent filtration without discontinuities of the velocity and pressure fields, which can be used when calculating both one-dimensional and spatial filtration flow.
Restriction of Families of Conversion Operators in Lp Spaces
Authors: Nakhman A. D.
Published: October 2021

We study a one-parameter family of convolutional operators acting
in Lebesgue Lp spaces. The case of integral kernels given by the Fourier coefficients
is considered. It is established that the condition of the coefficients being quasiconvex ensures the boundedness of the corresponding maximal operators. The limiting behavior of families in the metrics of spaces of continuous functions and Lp, p ≥ 1, classes
is studied, and their convergence is obtained almost everywhere. The ways of possible generalizations and distributions are indicated.
Foliar Content of Phenolic Compounds in Platanthera bifolia from Natural and Transformed Ecosystems at Different Stages of Orchid Development
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, Maleva Maria G. , Borisova Galina G. , Chukina Nadezhda V. , Novikov Pavel E. , Filimonova Elena I. , Lukina Natalia V. , Glazyrina Margarita A.
Published: October 2021

The representatives of the family Orchidaceae Juss. are often used as a source of natural antioxidants, including phenolic compounds, which play an important role in plant resistance under stressful conditions. This study investigates the content of lipid peroxidation products and soluble phenolic compounds in flowering plants of Platanthera bifolia (L.) Rich. growing in natural (forest park) and transformed (fly ash dumps of Thermal Power Stations) ecosystems of the Middle Urals, Russia, as well as the content of flavonoids at different stages of orchid development. Research has shown that in disturbed habitats, P. bifolia is capable of forming abundant populations containing a significant portion of the flowering plants. Additionally, flowering orchids from fly ash dumps contained an average 20 % more lipid peroxidation products, which indicated a shift in the redox balance towards oxidative processes. An increase by 2.4 times on average in the content of phenolic compounds, particularly flavonoids, was observed at all developmental stages of the plants growing in the transformed ecosystems. Regardless of the growing conditions, the non-flowering mature individuals were characterized by a minimum content of flavonoids, probably due to pre-generative metabolic restructuring. Yet, in the period of orchid blooming, the flavonoid content in their leaves increased again in all study sites. At the same time, the flavonoid proportion of the total soluble phenolic compounds was 42 % in the natural habitat, increasing to 66 % on average in the transformed ecosystems. Thus, flavonoids are involved in the protective adaptive responses of P. bifolia, not only ensuring the survival of this orchid but also contributing to the implementation of its ontogenetic program
Some Aspects of the Relationship between Redox Metabolism and the Structure of Calciphytes
Authors:   Samara Federal Research Scientific Center RAS Institute of Ecology of Volga River Basin RAS, Bogdanova Elena S. , Kavelenova Lyudmila M. , Nesterov Viktor N. , Kuzovenko Oksana A. , Sarvarova Resida R. , Tabalenkova Galina N. , Rozentsvet Olga A.
Published: October 2021

Calciphyte species form a systematically and structurally heterogeneous group of plants capable of tolerating highly stressful conditions. Various structural adaptations occur in calciphytes to protect them against excess light (leaf pubescence) and moisture loss (waxy coating). Their shoot structure determines the volume of primary plant production. The present work studied the relationship between the antioxidant status and structural features of some calciphyte species. Redox metabolism in plant leaves was assessed using parameters such as water content, photosynthetic pigments, soluble carbohydrates, water-soluble phenolic compounds, water-soluble and membrane-bound proteins, and lipid peroxidation (LPO) level. The data obtained showed that the contents of the components regulating redox metabolism correlate both with each other and with the structural parameters of plants. In particular, the content of photosynthetic pigments in multi-species communities is lower in taller plants than in low-growing ones. The content of phenolic compounds and the level of LPO in calciphyte leaves are associated with the level of development of wax covering. The plants forming clumps and vigorous shoots exhibit increased LPO activity
The Problem of Determining of the Source Function and of the Leading Coefficient in the Many-dimensional Semilinear Parabolic Equation
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Polyntseva Svetlana V. , Spirina Kira I.
Published: October 2021

We consider the problem of determining the source function and the leading coefficient in a multidimensional semilinear parabolic equation with overdetermination conditions given on two different hypersurfaces. The existence and uniqueness theorem for the classical solution of the inverse problem in the class of smooth bounded functions is proved. A condition is found for the dependence of the upper bound of the time interval, in which there is a unique solution to the inverse problem, on the input data