bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of the CD8
+
Dendritic Cell Subset in Transmission of Prions
Authors: Sethi Shneh , Kerksiek Kristen M. , Brocker Thomas , Kretzschmar Hans
Published: February 2007

Controversial results have been observed in mouse models regarding the role of lymphoid tissues in prion pathogenesis. To investigate the role of dendritic cells (DC), we used a transgenic mouse model. In this model (CD11c-N17Rac1), a significant reduction of CD8
+
CD11c
hi
DC has been described, and the remaining CD8
+
DC demonstrate a reduced capacity for the uptake of apoptotic cells. After intraperitoneal prion infection, significantly longer incubation times were observed in CD11c-N17Rac1 mice than in controls, indicating that a defect in CD8
+
CD11c
hi
DC significantly impedes neuroinvasion after intraperitoneal infection. In contrast, no distinct differences were observed between CD11c-N17Rac1 mice and controls after oral infection. This provides evidence that oral and intraperitoneal prion infections differ in lymphoreticular requirements.
Herpes Simplex Virus Infection Induces Phosphorylation and Delocalization of Emerin, a Key Inner Nuclear Membrane Protein
Authors: Morris James B. , Hofemeister Helmut , O'Hare Peter
Published: February 2007

The inner nuclear membrane (INM) contains specialized membrane proteins that selectively interact with nuclear components including the lamina, chromatin, and DNA. Alterations in the organization of and interactions with INM and lamina components are likely to play important roles in herpesvirus replication and, in particular, exit from the nucleus. Emerin, a member of the LEM domain class of INM proteins, binds a number of nuclear components including lamins, the DNA-bridging protein BAF, and F-actin and is thought to be involved in maintaining nuclear integrity. Here we report that emerin is quantitatively modified during herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection. Modification begins early in infection, involves multiple steps, and is reversed by phosphatase treatment. Emerin phosphorylation during infection involves one or more cellular kinases but can also be influenced by the US3 viral kinase, a protein whose function is known to be involved in HSV nuclear egress. The results from biochemical extraction analyses and from immunofluorescence of the detergent-resistant population demonstrate that emerin association with the INM significantly reduced during infection. We propose that the induction of emerin phosphorylation in infected cells may be involved in nuclear egress and uncoupling interactions with targets such as the lamina, chromatin, or cytoskeletal components.
Adenovirus E4 ORF3 Protein Inhibits the Interferon-Mediated Antiviral Response
Authors: Ullman Amanda J. , Reich Nancy C. , Hearing Patrick
Published: February 2007

The PML oncogenic domain (POD/ND10/PML body) is a common target of DNA viruses, which replicate their genomes in proximity to this nuclear structure. The adenovirus early protein E4 ORF3 is both necessary and sufficient to rearrange PODs from punctate bodies into track-like structures. Although multiple hypotheses exist, the precise reason for this activity has not yet been elucidated. PML, the protein responsible for nucleating PODs, is an interferon (IFN)-stimulated gene, implicating the participation of this nuclear body in an innate antiviral response. Here, we demonstrate that E4 ORF3 is critical to the replicative success of adenovirus during the IFN-induced antiviral state. When cells are pretreated with either IFN-α or IFN-γ, a mutant virus that does not express E4 ORF3 is severely compromised for replication. This result suggests the functional significance of ORF3 track formation is the inhibition of a POD-mediated, antiviral mechanism. Replication of the E4 ORF3 mutant virus can be rescued following the introduction of E4 ORF3 from evolutionarily divergent adenoviruses, suggesting a conserved function for E4 ORF3 inhibition of the IFN-induced antiviral state. Furthermore, E4 ORF3 inhibition of an IFN-induced response is unrelated to the inhibition of adenovirus replication by the Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1 DNA repair complex. We propose that the evolutionarily conserved function of the adenovirus E4 ORF3 protein is the inhibition of a host interferon response to viral infection via disruption of the PML oncogenic domain.
Distinct RNA Elements Confer Specificity to Flavivirus RNA Cap Methylation Events
Authors: Dong Hongping , Ray Debashish , Ren Suping , Zhang Bo , Puig-Basagoiti Francesc , Takagi Yuko , Ho C. Kiong , Li Hongmin , Shi Pei-Yong
Published: February 2007

The 5′ end of the flavivirus plus-sense RNA genome contains a type 1 cap (m
7
GpppAmG), followed by a conserved stem-loop structure. We report that nonstructural protein 5 (NS5) from four serocomplexes of flaviviruses specifically methylates the cap through recognition of the 5′ terminus of viral RNA. Distinct RNA elements are required for the methylations at guanine N-7 on the cap and ribose 2′-OH on the first transcribed nucleotide. In a West Nile virus (WNV) model, N-7 cap methylation requires specific nucleotides at the second and third positions and a 5′ stem-loop structure; in contrast, 2′-OH ribose methylation requires specific nucleotides at the first and second positions, with a minimum 5′ viral RNA of 20 nucleotides. The cap analogues GpppA and m
7
GpppA are not active substrates for WNV methytransferase. Footprinting experiments using Gppp- and m
7
Gppp-terminated RNAs suggest that the 5′ termini of RNA substrates interact with NS5 during the sequential methylation reactions. Cap methylations could be inhibited by an antisense oligomer targeting the first 20 nucleotides of WNV genome. The viral RNA-specific cap methylation suggests methyltransferase as a novel target for flavivirus drug discovery.
Induction of Mutations in
Drosophila melanogaster gypsy
Retroelements by Modulation of Intracellular Deoxynucleoside Triphosphate Pools In Vivo
Authors: Terzian Christophe , Henry Michel , Meyerhans Andreas , Wain-Hobson Simon , Vartanian Jean-Pierre
Published: February 2007

The retroviral mutation rate is susceptible to a number of variables, including the balance between intracellular deoxynucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) pools. While this follows from tissue culture studies, the issue has never been addressed directly in vivo. To explore this question in a tractable experimental system, we analyzed the impact of thymidine treatment on the synthesis of
gypsy
retroelement cDNA from
Drosophila melanogaster
during development through to hatching. The mutation frequency was enhanced approximately 16-fold over the levels seen in the experimental background. Due to the lack of proofreading, these
gypsy
elements represent hypervariable loci within the
Drosophila
genome, suggesting that dNTP pool imbalances in vivo are mutagenic.
Vesicular Stomatitis Viruses Resistant to the Methylase Inhibitor Sinefungin Upregulate RNA Synthesis and Reveal Mutations That Affect mRNA Cap Methylation
Authors: Li Jianrong , Chorba John S. , Whelan Sean P. J.
Published: February 2007

Sinefungin (SIN), a natural
S
-adenosyl-
l
-methionine analog produced by
Streptomyces griseolus
, is a potent inhibitor of methyltransferases. We evaluated the effect of SIN on replication of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), a prototype of the nonsegmented negative-strand RNA viruses. The 241-kDa large polymerase (L) protein of VSV methylates viral mRNA cap structures at the guanine-N-7 (G-N-7) and ribose-2′-O (2′-O) positions. By performing transcription reactions in vitro, we show that both methylations are inhibited by SIN and that methylation was more sensitive at the G-N-7 than at 2′-O position. We further show that SIN inhibited growth of VSV in cell culture, reducing viral yield by 50-fold and diminishing plaque size. We isolated eight mutants that were resistant to SIN as judged by their growth characteristics. The SIN-resistant (SIN
R
) viruses contained mutations in the
L
gene, the promoter for
L
gene expression provided by the conserved sequence elements of the
G
-
L
gene junction and the
M
gene. Five mutations resulted in amino acid substitutions to conserved regions II/III and VI of the L protein. For each mutant, we examined viral gene expression in cells and cap methylation in vitro. SIN
R
mutants upregulated RNA synthesis in the presence of SIN, which may be responsible for their resistance. We also found that some SIN
R
viruses with
L
gene mutations were defective in cap methylation in vitro, yet their methylases were less sensitive to SIN inhibition than those of the wild-type parent. These studies show that the VSV methylases are inhibited by SIN, and they define new regions of L protein that affect cap methylation. These studies also provide experimental evidence that inhibition of cap methylases is a potential strategy for development of antiviral therapeutics against nonsegmented negative-strand RNA viruses.
Switching the Substrate Specificity of the Two-Component NS2B-NS3 Flavivirus Proteinase by Structure-Based Mutagenesis
Authors: Shiryaev Sergey A. , Ratnikov Boris I. , Aleshin Alexander E. , Kozlov Igor A. , Nelson Nicholas A. , Lebl Michal , Smith Jeffrey W. , Liddington Robert C. , Strongin Alex Y.
Published: February 2007

The flavivirus NS2B-NS3(pro)teinase is an essential element in the proteolytic processing of the viral precursor polyprotein and therefore a potential drug target. Recently, crystal structures and substrate preferences of NS2B-NS3pro from Dengue and West Nile viruses (DV and WNV) were determined. We established that the presence of Gly-Gly at the P1′-P2′ positions is optimal for cleavage by WNV NS3pro, whereas DV NS3pro tolerates well the presence of bulky residues at either P1′ or P2′. Structure-based modeling suggests that Arg
76
and Pro
131
-Thr
132
limit the P1′-P2′ subsites and restrict the cleavage preferences of the WNV enzyme. In turn, Leu
76
and Lys
131
-Pro
132
widen the specificity of DV NS3pro. Guided by these structural models, we expressed and purified mutant WNV NS2B-NS3pro and evaluated cleavage preferences by using positional scanning of the substrate peptides in which the P4-P1 and the P3′-P4′ positions were fixed and the P1′ and P2′ positions were each randomized. We established that WNV R76L and P131K-T132P mutants acquired DV-like cleavage preferences, whereas T52V had no significant effect. Our work is the first instance of engineering a viral proteinase with switched cleavage preferences and should provide valuable data for the design of optimized substrates and substrate-based selective inhibitors of flaviviral proteinases.
Comparison of Heterologous Neutralizing Antibody Responses of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1)- and HIV-2-Infected Senegalese Patients: Distinct Patterns of Breadth and Magnitude Distinguish HIV-1 and HIV-2 Infections
Authors: Rodriguez Shaun K. , Sarr Abdoulaye Dieng , MacNeil Adam , Thakore-Meloni Seema , Gueye-Ndiaye Aissatou , Traoré Ibrahima , Dia Mamadou C. , Mboup Souleymane , Kanki Phyllis J.
Published: February 2007

Neutralizing antibody responses against heterologous isolates in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and HIV-2 infections were compared, and their relationships with established clinical markers of progression were examined. Neutralizing responses against 7 heterologous primary isolates and 1 laboratory strain were compared between 32 untreated HIV-1-infected subjects and 35 untreated HIV-2-infected subjects using a pseudotyped reporter virus assay. The breadth of the neutralizing response, defined as the proportion of panel viruses positively neutralized by patient plasma, was significantly greater among HIV-2-infected subjects than among HIV-1-infected subjects. Notably, for fully one-third of HIV-2 subjects, all viruses were effectively neutralized in our panel. Magnitudes of responses, defined as reciprocal 50% inhibitory concentration (IC
50
) titers for positive reactions, were significantly greater among HIV-1-infected subjects than among HIV-2-infected subjects. When plasma samples from HIV-1 patients were tested for cross-neutralization of HIV-2 and vice versa, we found that these intertype responses are very rare and their prevalences comparable in both HIV-1 and HIV-2 infection. The significantly higher magnitude of heterologous responses for HIV-1 compared to HIV-2 prompted us to examine associations with viremia, which is known to be significantly higher in HIV-1 infection. Importantly, there was a significant positive correlation between the IC
50
titer and viral load within both the HIV-1 and HIV-2 groups, suggesting heterologous antibodies may be driven by viral replication. We conclude that HIV-2 infection is characterized by a broad, low-magnitude intratype neutralization response, while HIV-1 is characterized by a narrower but higher-magnitude intratype response and that a significant positive association between the IC
50
titer and viremia is common to both HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections.
Interaction of Tsg101 with Marburg Virus VP40 Depends on the PPPY Motif, but Not the PT/SAP Motif as in the Case of Ebola Virus, and Tsg101 Plays a Critical Role in the Budding of Marburg Virus-Like Particles Induced by VP40, NP, and GP
Authors: Urata Shuzo , Noda Takeshi , Kawaoka Yoshihiro , Morikawa Shigeru , Yokosawa Hideyoshi , Yasuda Jiro
Published: February 2007

Marburg virus (MARV) VP40 is a matrix protein that can be released from mammalian cells in the form of virus-like particles (VLPs) and contains the PPPY sequence, which is an L-domain motif. Here, we demonstrate that the PPPY motif is important for VP40-induced VLP budding and that VLP production is significantly enhanced by coexpression of NP and GP. We show that Tsg101 interacts with VP40 depending on the presence of the PPPY motif, but not the PT/SAP motif as in the case of Ebola virus, and plays an important role in VLP budding. These findings provide new insights into the mechanism of MARV budding.
Positive Selection of Hepatitis Delta Antigen in Chronic Hepatitis D Patients
Authors: Wang Shen-Yung , Wu Jaw-Ching , Chiang Tzen-Yuh , Huang Yi-Hsiang , Su Chien-Wei , Sheen I-Jane
Published: February 2007

Liver disease may become ameliorated in some patients with chronic hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection. We present here a study based on longitudinal sampling to investigate the viral dynamics in chronic HDV infection. We examined the HDV variants from different time points, especially those before and after the elevation of serum aminotransferase levels. The datasets from each patient were tested for positive selection by using maximum-likelihood methods with heterogeneous selective pressures along the nucleotide sequence. An average of 4.9%, ranging from 3.1 to 6.8%, of the entire delta antigen sites was regulated by a diversifying selection. Most of the positively selected sites were associated with immunogenic domains. Likelihood ratio tests revealed a significant fitness of positive selection over neutrality of the hepatitis delta antigen gene in all patients. We further adapted a neural network method to predict potential cytotoxic T ligand epitopes. Among the HLA-A*0201 cytotoxic T ligand epitopes, three consistent epitopes across all three genotypes were identified: amino acids (aa) 43 to 51, 50 to 58, and 114 to 122. Three patients (60%) had sites evolving under positive selection in the epitope from aa 43 to 51, and four patients (80%) had sites evolving under positive selection in the epitope from aa 114 to 122. The discovery of immunogenic epitopes, especially cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte ligands, associated with chronic HDV infection may be crucial for further development of novel treatments or designs in vaccine for HDV superinfection.
OVERVIEW OF PION-NUCLEUS INTERACTION AT LOW ENERGIES
Authors: FRIEDMAN ELIAHU
Published: February 2007

Predictions of the existence of well-defined deeply bound pionic atom states for heavy nuclei and the eventual observation of such states by the (d,3He) reaction have revived interest in the pion-nucleus interaction at threshold and in its relation to the corresponding pion-nucleon interaction. Explanation of the 'anomalous' s-wave repulsion in terms of partial restoration of chiral symmetry and/or in terms of energy-dependence effects have been tested in global fits to pionic atom data and in a recent dedicated elastic scattering experiment. The role of neutron density distributions in this context is discussed in detail for the first time.
HADRONIC ATOMS PHYSICS AT DAΦNE
Authors:   FOR THE DEAR AND SIDDHARTA COLLABORATIONS., LUCHERINI VINCENZO
Published: February 2007

The research activity in the field of hadronic atoms performed at Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati by an International Collaboration is reviewed. The results already obtained for Kaonic Hydrogen are presented and the future programs are discussed.
ON THE SCATTERING LENGTH OF THE K-d SYSTEM
Authors: GAL AVRAHAM
Published: February 2007

Multiple-scattering approximations to Faddeev calculations of the K-d scattering length are reviewed and compared with published [Formula: see text] fully reactive Faddeev calculations. A new multiple-scattering approximation which goes beyond the 'fixed-center' assumption for the nucleons is proposed, aiming at accuracies of 5–10%. A precise value of the K-d scattering length from the measurement of the K-d 1s atomic level shift and width, planned by the DEAR/SIDDHARTA collaboration, plus a precise value for the K-p scattering length by improving the K-p atom measurements, are essential for extracting the K-n scattering length, for resolving persistent puzzles in low-energy [Formula: see text] phenomenology and for extrapolating into [Formula: see text]-nuclear systems.
PHYSICS RESULTS FROM FINUDA AT DAΦNE
Authors: BRESSANI TULLIO
Published: February 2007

Physics results achieved with the use of the FINUDA detector at DAΦNE are presented and discussed. They span from Hypernuclear Spectroscopy to the search for neutron rich Hypernuclei and to the solution of the puzzle about the existence of narrow Deeply Bound [Formula: see text] States.
VIP: AN EXPERIMENT TO SEARCH FOR A VIOLATION OF THE PAULI EXCLUSION PRINCIPLE
Authors: Milotti E. , Bartalucci S. , Bertolucci S. , Bragadireanu M. , Cargnelli M. , Catitti M. , Curceanu (Petrascu) C. , Di Matteo S. , Egger J.-P. , Guaraldo C. , Iliescu M. , Ishiwatari T. , Laubenstein M. , Marton J. , Pietreanu D. , Ponta T. , Sirghi D. L. , Sirghi F. , Sperandio L. , Widmann E. , Zmeskal J.
Published: February 2007

The Pauli Exclusion Principle is a basic principle of Quantum Mechanics, and its validity has never been seriously challenged. However, given its fundamental standing, it is very important to check it as thoroughly as possible. Here we describe the VIP (VIolation of the Pauli exclusion principle) experiment, an improved version of the Ramberg and Snow experiment (E. Ramberg and G. Snow, Phys. Lett. B238, 438 (1990)); VIP has just completed the installation at the Gran Sasso underground laboratory, and aims to test the Pauli Exclusion Principle for electrons with unprecedented accuracy, down to β2/2 ≈ 10-30 - 10-31. We report preliminary experimental results and briefly discuss some of the implications of a possible violation.
NEW RESULTS ON CP VIOLATION IN B MESON DECAY
Authors:   FOR THE BELLE COLLABORATION., KAWASAKI TAKEO
Published: February 2007

The Belle experiment has started in 1999 and has collected more than 600 fb-1 data at the ϒ(4S) resonance with the KEK-B asymmetric energy e+e- collider. In this contribution, the results of CP-violation measurement in B meson decays are presented. The large CP asymmetry arises thorough the interference between [Formula: see text] mixing and decay. The results yield constraints on the angles of the unitarity triangle, which is related to the Kobayashi-Maskawa quark mixing matrix. We discuss the status of the measurements on ϕ1, ϕ2 and ϕ3 with various methods.
CHARGE INDEPENDENCE BREAKING IN MESON PRODUCTION?
Authors: NISKANEN JOUNI A. , MACHNER HARTMUT
Published: February 2007

We investigate by global and local fits whether existing data on pp → π+d and np → π0d have indications on charge dependent forces other than the Coulomb force and the effect of differing thresholds. We find evidence in the energy (or pion momentum) dependence of the total cross sections close to threshold.
MEASUREMENT OF PIONIUM LIFETIME WITH DIRAC
Authors: VÁZQUEZ DOCE OTON
Published: February 2007

Pionium (π+π- bound state) lifetime is measured with improved precision with respect to earlier work, and ππ scattering length differences |a0 - a2| are determined to 5% precision.
THE NEAR-THRESHOLD PRODUCTION OF ϕ-MESONS IN PROTON–NUCLEON COLLISIONS
Authors:   FOR THE ANKE COLLABORATION., Hartmann M. , Maeda Y. , Keshelashvili I. , Barsov S. , Borgs W. , Büscher M. , Dimitrov V. I. , Dymov S. , Dzyuba A. , Hejny V. , Kacharava A. , Kleber V. , Koch H. R. , Koptev V. , Kulessa P. , Mersmann T. , Merzliakov S. , Mikirtytchiants S. , Mussgiller A. , Nekipelov M. , Nioradze M. , Ohm H. , Pysz K. , Schleichert R. , Stein H. J. , Ströher H. , Valdau Yu. , Watzlawik K.-H. , Wilkin C. , Wüstner P.
Published: February 2007

The pp → ppϕ and quasi–free pn → dϕ reactions have been studied at the Cooler Synchrotron COSY–Jülich, using the internal beam and the ANKE facility. Total cross sections in the pp entrance channel have been determined at three excess energies ∊ in the range of 18.5–75.9 MeV. In case of the pn entrance channel the energy dependence of the cross section up to 80 MeV has been extracted by exploiting the intrinsic momentum of the neutron inside a deuterium target. Taken together with data for ω–production, a significant enhancement of the ϕ/ω ratio for both entrance channels of a factor 8 is found compared to predictions based on the Okubo–Zweig–Iizuka rule.
η-PHYSICS AT GEM
Authors:   FOR THE GEM COLLABORATION., HAWRANEK PIOTR
Published: February 2007

Some experimental studies of η–production and η–interactions performed or presently under way by the GEM collaboration at COSY Jülich are reviewed. The Germanium Wall, a stack of annular detectors made of high purity Germanium, was used to measure a series of differential and total cross sections for η–production with proton and deuteron beams on light nuclei. The unique combination of a high resolution magnetic spectrograph (BIG KARL) and 7an electron cooled beam delivered by COSY is ideally suited to perform high precision experiments like the η–mass determination. In a self calibrating experiment three particles from two reactions were detected simultaneously. Kinematical coincidence of 3H and π+ from p + d → 3H + π+ reaction allowed to calibrate the spectrograph and determine the beam momentum with great accuracy. The η–meson was seen clearly as a sharp missing-mass peak on a slowly varying background in the p + d → 3He + X reaction. A new value for the η-mass has been derived with extremely small error bars.
STUDY OF THE THRESHOLD BEHAVIOR OF THE ηN SCATTERING AMPLITUDE THROUGH THE ASSOCIATED PHOTOPRODUCTION OF ϕ- AND η-MESONS
Authors: SOYEUR MADELEINE , LUTZ MATTHIAS F. M.
Published: February 2007

We suggest that the γp → ϕηp reaction cross section, in the kinematics where the ηp invariant mass in the final state lies between the threshold value ( m p+ m η) and the N *(1535) resonance mass, is largely determined by the ηN scattering amplitude close to threshold. The initial photon energy is chosen in the range [Formula: see text], in order to reach low (absolute) values of the squared 4-momentum transfer from the initial photon to the final ϕ-meson. In these conditions, we expect the t-channel π0- and η-meson exchanges to drive the dynamics underlying the γp → ϕηp process. We show that the η-exchange is the dominating contribution to the cross section while the π0-exchange is negligible. The η-π0 interference is of the order of 20 – 30%. The sign of this term is not known and alters significantly our results. Data on the γp → ϕηp process would be therefore very useful to help unravelling the behavior of the ηp scattering amplitude close to threshold and assessing the possibility of producing η-nucleus bound states.
MESON PHOTOPRODUCTION ON THE NEUTRON AT GRAAL
Authors:   GRAAL COLLABORATION., Levi Sandri P. , Bellini V. , Bocquet J. P. , Casano L. , Castoldi M. , D'Angelo A. , Didelez J.-P. , Di Salvo R. , Fantini A. , Franco D. , Ghio F. , Girolami B. , Giusa A. , Guidal M. , Hourany E. , Kunne R. , Kuznetsov V. , Lapik A. , Lleres A. , Moricciani D. , Mushkarenkov A. N. , Nedorezov V. , Randieri C. , Rebreyend D. , Rudnev N. , Russo G. , Schaerf C. , Sperduto M.-L. , Sutera M.-C. , Turinge A.
Published: February 2007

Using a Deuterium target, the GRAAL experiment has collected meson photoproduction data. The data have been analysed in the quasi free regime. The results of the quasi free process on the proton reproduce quite well the results previously obtained with a Hydrogen target. The preliminary results on the quasi free neutron for π0 and η photoproduction are presented and discussed.
RESULTS FROM THE ANALYSIS OF CRYSTAL BALL MESON PRODUCTION MEASUREMENTS AT BNL
Authors: BRISCOE W. J. , ARNDT R. A. , STRAKOVSKY I. I. , WORKMAN R. L.
Published: February 2007

The Crystal Ball spectrometer, with its nearly complete angular coverage, is an efficient detector of photon and neutron final states. While installed in the C6 beamline of the Alternating Gradient Synchrotron (AGS) of Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), this feature was used in a series of precise measurements of reactions with all-neutral final states. Here we concentrate on the analysis of data from the pion-induced reactions: π-p → γn, π0n, ηn, and π0π0n.
LATEST RESULTS FROM KLOE AT DAΦNE
Authors:   KLOE COLLABORATION., Gauzzi P. , Ambrosino F. , Antonelli A. , Antonelli M. , Bacci C. , Beltrame P. , Bencivenni G. , Bertolucci S. , Bini C. , Bloise C. , Bocchetta S. , Bocci V. , Bossi F. , Bowring D. , Branchini P. , Caloi R. , Campana P. , Capon G. , Capussela T. , Ceradini F. , Chi S. , Chiefari G. , Ciambrone P. , Conetti S. , De Lucia E. , De Santis A. , De Simone P. , De Zorzi G. , Dell'Agnello S. , Denig A. , Di Domenico A. , Di Donato C. , Di Falco S. , Di Micco B. , Doria A. , Dreucci M. , Felici G. , Ferrari A. , Ferrer M. L. , Finocchiaro G. , Fiore S. , Forti C. , Franzini P. , Gatti C. , Giovannella S. , Gorini E. , Graziani E. , Incagli M. , Kluge W. , Kulikov V. , Lacava F. , Lanfranchi G. , Lee-Franzini J. , Leone D. , Martini M. , Massarotti P. , Mei W. , Meola S. , Miscetti S. , Moulson M. , Müller S. , Murtas F. , Napolitano M. , Nguyen F. , Palutan M. , Pasqualucci E. , Passeri A. , Patera V. , Perfetto F. , Pontecorvo L. , Primavera M. , Santangelo P. , Santovetti E. , Saracino G. , Sciascia B. , Sciubba A. , Scuri F. , Sfiligoi I. , Spadaro T. , Testa M. , Tortora L. , Valente P. , Valeriani B. , Venanzoni G. , Veneziano S. , Ventura A. , Versaci R. , Xu G.
Published: February 2007

The KLOE experiment has finished its data taking at the e + e - collider DAΦNE in Frascati. KLOE has collected 2.5 fb-1 at the peak of the ϕ resonance, and 250 pb-1 at [Formula: see text]. The latest experimental results based on a sample of 450 pb-1 are presented in this paper: they mainly concern the neutral and charged kaon decays, and the radiative ϕ decays into scalar and pseudoscalar mesons.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF ANTIKAON MEDIATED NUCLEAR BOUND SYSTEMS
Authors: KIENLE PAUL
Published: February 2007

Recent experimental studies of the synthesis and properties of deeply bound antikaon mediated nuclear systems are reviewed. Following a brief introduction in the basic properties of the antikaon–nucleon interaction which may lead to cold and dense antikaonic nuclear systems, we review the results of very first experiments which give indications of the existence of such exotic clusters of matter. Then ongoing efforts to substantiate the early findings are presented and future experimental approaches which will allow a very detailed study of the decay modes, the sizes and density distributions of these kaonic nuclear clusters are discussed including their relevance for possible phase transitions in cold dense matter.
SEARCH FOR KAONIC NUCLEI AT DAΦNE2: THE AMADEUS PROJECT
Authors:   FOR THE AMADEUS COLLABORATION., ZMESKAL JOHANN
Published: February 2007

The planned upgrade of DAΦNE at LNF with a peak luminosity in the order of L = 1033 cm -2 s -1 will be the ideal machine to search for and prove the existence of antikaon-mediated deeply bound nuclear cluster. Antikaon-mediated deeply bound nuclear clusters will allow the study of most important problems in hadron physics today, namely, how the hadron masses and hadron interactions change in the nuclear medium and what is the structure of cold dense hadronic matter. AMADEUS will use the KLOE detector with an additional dedicated target and detector system around the interaction zone to perform exclusive measurements – all particles in the formation and decay processes of deeply bound nuclear clusters will be detected. These measurements will prove beyond doubt the anticipated formation production of antikaon-mediated deeply bound nuclear clusters.
SEARCH FOR IN-MEDIUM MODIFICATIONS OF THE ρ MESON
Authors:   AND THE CLAS COLLABORATION., WEYGAND D. P. , DJALALI C. , NASSERIPOUR R. , WOOD M.
Published: February 2007

The photoproduction of vector mesons on various nuclei has been studied using the Cebaf Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) at Jefferson Laboratory, and here we present preliminary results. All three vector mesons, ρ, ω, and ϕ, are observed via their decay to e+e-, in order to reduce the effects of final state interactions in the nucleus. Of particular interest is possible in-medium effects on the properties of the ρ meson. The ρ spectral function is extracted from the data on various nuclei, carbon, iron, and titanium, and compared to the spectrum from liquid deuterium, which is relatively free of nuclear effects. We observe no effects on the mass of the ρ meson, however, there is some widening of the resonance in titanium and iron, which is consistent with expected collisional broadening.
DIELECTRON PRODUCTION IN C + C AND p + p COLLISIONS WITH HADES
Authors:   HADES COLLABORATION., Pietraszko J. , Agakishiev G. , Agodi C. , Balanda A. , Bellia G. , Belver D. , Belyaev A. , Blanco A. , Böhmer M. , Boyard J. L. , Braun-Munzinger P. , Cabanelas P. , Castro E. , Chernenko S. , Christ T. , Destefanis M. , Díaz J. , Dohrmann F. , Durán I. , Eberl T. , Fabbietti L. , Fateev O. , Finocchiaro P. , Fonte P. J. R. , Friese J. , Frhölich I. , Galatyuk T. , Garzón J. A. , Gernhóuser R. , Gilardi C. , Golubeva M. , González-Díaz D. , Grosse E. , Guber F. , Hadjivasiliou Ch. , Heilmann M. , Hennino T. , Holzmann R. , Ierusalimov A. , Iori I. , Ivashkin A. , Jurkovic M. , Kämpfer B. , Kanaki K. , Karavicheva T. , Kirschner D. , Koenig I. , Koenig W. , Kolb B. W. , Kotte R. , Krizek F. , Krücken R. , Kugler A. , Kühn W. , Kurepin A. , Lamas-Valverde J. , Lang S. , Lange S. , Lopez L. , Mangiarotti A. , Marín J. , Markert J. , Metag V. , Michalska B. , Mishra D. , Moriniere E. , Mousa J. , Münch M. , Müntz C. , Naumann L. , Novotny R. , Otwinowski J. , Pachmayer Y. C. , Palka M. , Pechenov V. , Pérez T. , Pleskac R. , Pospísil V. , Przygoda W. , Ramstein B. , Reshetin A. , Roy-Stephan M. , Rustamov A. , Sadovsky A. , Sailer B. , Salabura P. , Schmah A. , Senger P. , Shileev K. , Simon R. , Spataro S. , Spruck B. , Ströbele H. , Stroth J. , Sturm C. , Sudol M. , Teilab K. , Tlusty P. , Traxler M. , Trȩbacz R. , Tsertos H. , Veretenkin I. , Wagner V. , Wen H. , Wiśniowski M. , Wójcik T. , Wüstenfeld J. , Zanevsky Y. , Zumbruch P.
Published: February 2007

The High Acceptance Di-Electron Spectrometer HADES1 has been constructed at the SIS accelerator (GSI Darmstadt) to investigate electron-positron pairs produced in proton, pion and heavy ion induced reactions. The main goal of these studies is to explore properties of hadrons in nuclear matter. The apparatus and the experimental results from C + C at 2.0 AGeV and 1.0 AGeV and p + p at 2.2 GeV compared with Monte-Carlo events from a generator based on known cross-sections and branching ratios are presented.
STUDY OF IN-MEDIUM MESON MODIFICATION IN 12 GeV p + A REACTIONS
Authors:   KEK–PS E325 COLLABORATION., Yokkaichi S. , En'yo H. , Naruki M. , Muto R. , Tabaru T. , Chiba J. , Ieiri M. , Sekimoto M. , Sasaki O. , Tanaka K. H. , Funahashi H. , Fukao Y. , Kitaguchi M. , Ishino M. , Kanda H. , Mihara S. , Miyashita T. , Miwa K. , Murakami T. , Nakura T. , Sakuma F. , Togawa M. , Yamada S. , Yoshimura Y. , Hamagaki H. , Ozawa K.
Published: February 2007

Invariant mass spectra of low-mass vector mesons in the e+e- channel are measured in 12 GeV p + C and p + Cu reactions [Formula: see text] at the KEK Proton Synchrotron. Significant excess is observed at the low-mass side of ω meson peak over the known hadronic sources both in the C and Cu target data. Also below the ϕ meson peak, an excess is found in the Cu target data for slowly moving mesons whose βγ is less than 1.25. They can be interpreted as signatures of the spectral modification of vector mesons in cold nuclear matter.
IN-MEDIUM PROPERTIES OF HADRONS
Authors: KRUSCHE BERND
Published: February 2007

A diverse experimental program for the study of the photoproduction of mesons off nuclei has been carried out - and is still running - at the Mainz MAMI and Bonn ELSA electron accelerators with the TAPS, Crystal Barrel, and Crystal Ball calorimeters. It is motivated as a detailed study of the in-medium properties of hadrons and the meson - nucleus interactions. Typical examples for the in-medium behavior of vector mesons (ω), scalar mesons (σ), and nucleon resonances ( P 33(1232), S 11(1535), D 15(1520)) are discussed. Special attention is paid to meson - nucleus final state interactions.
IN-MEDIUM EFFECTS IN PHOTO- AND NEUTRINO-INDUCED REACTIONS ON NUCLEI
Authors: MOSEL U. , LEITNER T. , ALVAREZ-RUSO L.
Published: February 2007

In this talk various aspects of in-medium behavior of hadrons are discussed with an emphasis on observable effects. It is stressed that final state interactions can have a major effect on observables and thus have to be considered as part of the theory. This is demonstrated with examples from photo-nucleus and neutrino-nucleus interactions.
MESON SPECTROSCOPY AND PROPERTIES USING DYSON-SCHWINGER EQUATIONS
Authors: KRASSNIGG A. , ROBERTS C. D. , WRIGHT S. V.
Published: February 2007

We study pseudoscalar and scalar mesons using a practical and symmetry preserving truncation of QCD's Dyson-Schwinger equations. We investigate and compare properties of ground and radially excited meson states. In addition to exact results for radial meson excitations we also present results for meson masses and decay constants from the chiral limit up to the charm-quark mass, e.g., the mass of the χc0(2P) meson.
NEW RESONANCE X(1835) AND ENHANCED STRUCTURES AT BESII
Authors: ZHANG CHANGCHUN
Published: February 2007

A new resonance X(1835) in the J/psi radiative decays, a couple of significant enhancements near threshold, and clear evidences for a broad 1-- resonant structure of K+K-, the σ and κ mesons in the J/psi hadronic decays from BES are reported. Favored interpretations of these observations are discussed.
B DECAYS INVOLVING LIGHT MESONS
Authors:   FOR THE BABAR COLLABORATION., ESCHRICH IVO GOUGH
Published: February 2007

Recent BABAR results for decays of B-mesons to combinations of non-charm mesons are presented. This includes B decays to two vector mesons, B → η′(π, K, ρ) modes, and a comprehensive Dalitz Plot analysis of B → KKK decays.
NEW RESONANCES AND SPECTROSCOPY
Authors:   FOR THE BELLE COLLABORATION., KORPAR SAMO
Published: February 2007

The Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric e+e- collider provides an excellent experimental environment for a wide variety of measurements including searches for yet undiscovered particles. The paper reviews recent discoveries of new hadron states and measurements of their properties.
CHARMONIUM PRODUCTION AT HERA
Authors: MEYER ANDREAS B.
Published: February 2007

Measurements of Charmonium production at the electron proton collider HERA are presented. In inelastic production the charmonium is formed from [Formula: see text] pairs that are produced in photon gluon fusion. The measurements of the cross sections and helicity distributions are compared to calculations performed in the framework of non-relativistic quantum chromodynamics (NRQCD), which includes both color-singlet and color-octet contributions.
RECENT RESULTS FROM FOCUS
Authors:   FOR THE FOCUS COLLABORATION., GÖBEL CARLA
Published: February 2007

FOCUS is a photoproduction experiment designed to reconstruct charm particles and to study their decays. Data was collected at Fermilab during the 1996-97 fixed-target run. We present recent results on semileptonic meson decays and a search for pentaquarks.
SUMMARY OF EXPERIMENTAL MESON PHYSICS
Authors: SETH KAMAL K.
Published: February 2007

A summary of the present experimental status of meson physics is presented. The presentation includes the new results presented at the MESON06 workshop, as well as other recent experimental developments in the field.
GENERAL THOUGHTS TO THE KAON PAIR PRODUCTION IN THE THRESHOLD REGION
Authors:   COSY-11 COLLABORATION., Oelert W. , Adam H.-H. , Budzanowski A. , Czerwiński E. , Czyżykiewicz R. , Gil D. , Grzonka D. , Janusz M. , Jarczyk L. , Kamys B. , Khoukaz A. , Klaja P. , Moskal P. , Piskor-Ignatowicz C. , Przerwa J. , Rożek T. , Santo R. , Sefzick T. , Siemaszko M. , Smyrski J. , Täschner A. , Winter P. , Wolke M. , Wüstner P. , Zipper W.
Published: February 2007

Simple–minded thoughts about the cross sections for the reactions pp → ppK+K- and pp → ppK0K0 are presented, which certainly do not account for the complex coupled channel problem but rather provide some ideas into the mutual reaction dynamics.
SCALAR $K{\bar K}$ PRODUCTION CLOSE TO THRESHOLD AT ANKE
Authors:   FOR THE ANKE COLLABORATION: For a complete collaboration list see: ., DZYUBA ALEXEY
Published: February 2007

The production of [Formula: see text] pairs has been investigated at ANKE (COSY-Jülich) in the reaction [Formula: see text] at excitation energies Q of 47.4 and 104.7 MeV. Partial wave analyses of the invariant mass and angular spectra show the dominance of the a0-channel ([Formula: see text] configuration). In the non-isospin selective pn → dK+K- reaction the scalar [Formula: see text] production is strongly suppressed with respect to ϕ vector mesons. A measurement of the isoscalar [Formula: see text] production in the isospin selective reaction dd → α K+K- has been performed in April 2006.
ππ PRODUCTION IN PROTON-PROTON COLLISIONS
Authors:   CELSIUS-WASA COLLABORATION., Skorodko T. , Bashkanov M. , Bogoslowsky D. , Calén H. , Cappellaro F. , Clement H. , Demiroers L. , Ekström C. , Fransson K. , Greiff J. , Gustafsson L. , Höistad B. , Ivanov G. , Jacewicz M. , Jiganov E. , Johansson T. , Kaskulov M. M. , Keleta S. , Khakimova O. , Koch I. , Kren F. , Kullander S. , Kupść A. , Kuznetsov A. , Marciniewski P. , Meier R. , Morosov B. , Oelert W. , Pauly C. , Petukhov Y. , Povtorejko A. , Ruber R. J. M. Y. , Schwick A. , Scobel W. , Shafigullin R. , Shwartz B. , Sopov V. , Stepaniak J. , Tchernyshev V. , Thörngren-Engblom P. , Tikhomirov V. , Turowiecki A. , Wagner G. J. , Wolke M. , Yamamoto A. , Zabierowski J. , Złomanćzuk J.
Published: February 2007

At CELSIUS-WASA the two-pion production in proton-proton collisisons has been measured exclusively from threshold up to the energy regime, where both of the collision partners are expected to be excited to the Δ state. The measurements constitute the first kinematically complete data samples of solid statistics in this energy range. Most of the data have been obtained for the π+π- and π0π0channels. Whereas at near-threshold energies the differential distributions can be succesfully explained by chiral dynamics and Roper excitation, respectively, the data for the π+π- channel in the ΔΔ region can be described only, if the special configuration (ΔΔ)0+ is assumed. The data for the π0π0 channel moreover exhibit a low-mass enhancement in the π0π0 invariant mass spectrum, which is reminiscent of the ABC-effect found in double-pionic fusion to light nuclei.
K+ PRODUCTION FROM pn, pp AND pd INTERACTIONS AT ANKE/COSY
Authors:   FOR THE ANKE COLLABORATION: For a complete ANKE Collaboration list see: ., VALDAU YURY
Published: February 2007

In order to understand experimental data for K+ production in proton-deuteron interactions and draw conclusions about the ratio between K+ production in pn and pp, one needs to develop an approach for the description of all relevant pp results. We perform an analysis of the pp data available in COSY energy range for three reaction channels. It can be concluded that Λ and Σ0 production channels can be well described by the three-body phase space incorporating the hyperon-nucleon final-state interactions under the assumption of a constant matrix element. Experimental data on the pp → K+ nΣ+ reaction channel are very poor and more information is needed to understand a strange behavior of the energy dependence of the total cross section. Using ANKE inclusive K+ data at 2.85 and 2.95 GeV/c, preliminary values for the total cross-section of Σ+ production in pp interactions has been extracted applying a simple phase space approach. This gives a result roughly one order of magnitude less than that of the recently published exclusive measurement.
STUDY OF THE PRODUCTION MECHANISM OF THE η MESON BY MEANS OF ANALYSING POWER MEASUREMENTS
Authors:   COSY-11 COLLABORATION., Czyżykiewicz R. , Moskal P. , Adam H.-H. , Budzanowski A. , Czerwiński E. , Gil D. , Grzonka D. , Janusz M. , Jarczyk L. , Kamys B. , Khoukaz A. , Klaja P. , Lorentz B. , Majewski J. , Oelert W. , Piskor-Ignatowicz C. , Przerwa J. , Ritman J. , Rohdjess H. , Rożek T. , Sefzick T. , Siemaszko M. , Smyrski J. , Täschner A. , Ulbrich K. , Winter P. , Wolke M. , Wüstner P. , Zipper W.
Published: February 2007

Information about the production mechanism of the η meson in proton-proton collisions can be inferred by confronting the experimental studies on the analysing power for the [Formula: see text] reaction with the theoretical predictions of this observable. The determined analysing powers for Q =10 MeV and Q =36 MeV are consistent with zero. Results show that the predictions of pure pseudoscalar meson exchange model fairly describe the experimental data, while the predictions of pure vector meson exchange dominance model disagree with the data at the level of 4.3 σ.
STUDY OF THE η MESON PRODUCTION IN THE $\vec{d}+d\to{}^4He+\eta$ REACTION USING THE POLARIZED BEAM
Authors:   GEM COLLABORATION., Lesiak M. , Abdel-Bary M. , Budzanowski A. , Chatterjee A. , Ernst J. , Hawranek P. , Jahn R. , Jha V. , Kilian K. , Kliczewski S. , Kirillov Da. , Kirillov Di. , Kolev D. , Kravcikova M. , Kutsarova T. , Lieb J. , Machner H. , Magiera A. , Maier R. , Martinska G. , Nedev S. , Piskunov N. , Prasuhn D. , Protić D. , von Rossen P. , Roy B. J. , Sitnik I. , Siudak R. , Tsenov R. , Ulicny M. , Urban J. , Vankova G. , Wilkin C.
Published: February 2007

The measurement of the η meson production in [Formula: see text] reaction has been performed at the Big Karl magnetic spectograph at COSY synchrotron in Jülich. The vector and tensor polarized deuetron beam at the excess energy of Q=16 MeV was used. The preliminary results for the unpolarized cross section are presented here.
η MESON RECONSTRUCTION IN pp REACTIONS AT 2.2 GeV WITH HADES
Authors:   FOR THE HADES COLLABORATION., SPATARO STEFANO
Published: February 2007

The HADES spectrometer installed at GSI Darmstadt is devoted to study the production of di-electron pairs from proton, pion and nucleus induced reactions at 1-2 AGeV. In pp collisions at 2.2 GeV we have focused mainly on exclusive reconstruction of the η meson decays in the hadronic (η → π+π-π0) and the electromagnetic channels (η → e+e-γ). We present analysis techniques and discuss first results on η production, with the main focus on comparisons of reconstructed distributions to results obtained by other experiments and theoretical predictions.
CHIRAL DYNAMICS IN THE π0η PHOTOPRODUCTION ON THE PROTON
Authors: DÖRING MICHAEL , OSET EULOGIO , STROTTMAN DAN
Published: February 2007

A theoretical model for the recently measured γp → π0ηp and related reactions is presented. These reactions are an interesting testing ground for existing γN → ππN models in an extension to SU(3). The chiral unitary schemes in which the N*(1535) and Δ*(1700) appear dynamically generated predict the dominant resonance couplings in the two-meson production processes.
DIRECT PHOTON PRODUCTION IN pp AND $p {\bar p}$ COLLISIONS AT HIGH ENERGIES
Authors: PIETRYCKI TOMASZ , SZCZUREK ANTONI
Published: February 2007

The invariant cross sections for direct photon production in hadron-hadron collisions are calculated for several initial energies (SPS, ISR, [Formula: see text], RHIC, Tevatron, LHC) including initial parton transverse momenta within the formalism of unintegrated parton distributions (UPDF). Kwieciński UPDFs provide very good description of all world data, especially at SPS and ISR energies. Inclusion of the QCD evolution effects and especially their effect on initial parton transverse momenta allowed to solve the long-standing problem of understanding the low energy and low transverse momentum data.
THE MESON MASS SYSTEM
Authors: PALAZZI PAOLO
Published: February 2007

The neglected 35 MeV/c2 particle mass quantization hypothesis has recently been reassessed for all known meson states. The rule is found to be statistically relevant, once the states are grouped by quark composition and J PC , with slightly different mass units for each group. In certain groups the mass unit is spin-dependent. Also the mass units are linearly quantized, with highly structured correlation patterns. The baryon masses are organized along similar lines. These results support an indication that hadrons might be shell-structured.
UNDERSTANDING OPEN-CHARM MESONS
Authors: VIJANDE J. , FERNÁNDEZ F. , VALCARCE A.
Published: February 2007

We present a theoretical framework that accounts for the new DJ and DsJ mesons measured in the open-charm sector. These resonances are properly described if considered as a mixture of conventional P–wave quark-antiquark states and four-quark components. The narrowest states are basically P–wave quark-antiquark mesons, while the dominantly four-quark states are shifted above the corresponding two-meson threshold. We study the electromagnetic decay widths as basic tools to scrutiny their nature.
CHARMED MESON PRODUCTION IN PROTON–(ANTI)PROTON COLLISIONS
Authors: ŁUSZCZAK MARTA , SZCZUREK ANTONI
Published: February 2007

We discuss and compare different approaches to include gluon transverse momenta for heavy quark-antiquark pair and meson production. The results are illustrated with the help of different unintegrated gluon distributions (UGDF) from the literature. We compare results obtained with on-shell and off-shell matrix elements and kinematics. The results are compared with recent experimental results of the CDF collaboration.
HYPERSPHERICAL HARMONIC FORMALISM FOR TETRAQUARKS
Authors: VIJANDE J. , VALCARCE A. , BARNEA N.
Published: February 2007

We present a generalization of the hyperspherical harmonic formalism to study systems made of quarks and antiquarks of the same flavor. This generalization is based on the symmetrization of the N–body wave function with respect to the symmetric group using the Barnea and Novoselsky algorithm. Our analysis shows that four-quark systems with non-exotic 2++ quantum numbers may be bound independently of the quark mass. 0+- and 1+- states become attractive only for larger quarks masses.