bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Visible-light-driven C(sp2)–H arylation of phenols with arylbromides enabled by electron donor–acceptor excitation
Authors: Zhu Da-Liang , Jiang Shan , Young David James , Wu Qi , Li Hai-Yan , Li Hong-Xi
Published: February 2022

We herein reported an efficient, catalyst-free, and visible-light-induced C(sp2)–H arylation of unprotected phenols with aryl bromides enabled by in situ generated electron donor–acceptor complexes.
Kinetics-controlled synthesis of gold–silver nanosheets with abundant in-plane cracking and their trimetallic derivatives for plasmon-enhanced catalysis
Authors: Zheng Yiqun , Zhang Gongguo , Ma Yanyun , Kong Yuhan , Liu Feng , Liu Maochang
Published: February 2022

Branched AuAg-based multimetallic nanosheets are successfully prepared via sequential synthesis, exhibiting noticeable plasmon-enhanced catalytic activity under UV-vis light irradiation.
Supramolecular interaction of inositol phosphates with Cu(ii): comparative study of InsP6–InsP3
Authors: Quiñone Delfina , Veiga Nicolás , Savastano Matteo , Torres Julia , Bianchi Antonio , Kremer Carlos , Bazzicalupi Carla
Published: February 2022

The first crystal structure of a metal complex with the naturally occurring myo-inositol 1,2,3-trisphosphate (Ins(1,2,3)P3) is reported and interpreted with reference to the supramolecular environments of natural compounds.
Study and quantification of the enantiodiscrimination power of four polymeric chiral LLCs using NAD 2D-NMR
Authors: Berdagué Philippe , Gouilleux Boris , Noll Markus , Immel Stefan , Reggelin Michael , Lesot Philippe
Published: February 2022

Comparative quantification of the enantiodiscrimination capability of four polymeric chiral lyotropic liquid crystals using natural abundance deuterium 2D-NMR spectroscopy.
Inferring relative dose-dependent color center populations in proton irradiated thoria single crystals using optical spectroscopy
Authors: Khanolkar Amey , Dennett Cody A. , Hua Zilong , Mann J. Matthew , Hurley David H. , Khafizov Marat
Published: February 2022

Transparent thoria crystals developed a deep blue color when exposed to energetic protons due to electrons trapped at oxygen vacancy sites. Optical spectroscopy offers a promising pathway to characterize the population of such atomic-level defects that cannot be imaged using electron microscopy.
A theoretical electronic structure with a feasibility study of laser cooling of LaNa molecules with a spin orbit effect
Authors: Zeid Israa , El-Kork Nayla , Chmaisani Wael , Korek Mahmoud
Published: February 2022

We investigate the electronic structure of the molecule LaNa in Λ and Ω representations. The transition (1)0+–(2)0+ seem suitable for the laser cooling of this molecule. Two lasers are sufficient; however additional pumping lasers can be used, if needed.
Promising application of a SiC2/C3B heterostructure as a new platform for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Yang Minrui , Chen Lei , Kong Fan , Guo Jiyuan , Shu Huabing , Dai Jun
Published: February 2022

A novel 2D SiC2/C3B heterostructure exhibits high storage capacity as the anode material for Li-ion batteries.
Benchmarks of the density functional tight-binding method for redox, protonation and electronic properties of quinones
Authors: Kitheka Maureen M. , Redington Morgan , Zhang Jibo , Yao Yan , Goyal Puja
Published: February 2022

Benchmarking density functional tight-binding for modeling proton-coupled electron transfer in crystalline quinones.
Single-particle and collective excitations of polar water molecules confined in nano-pores within a cordierite crystal lattice
Authors: Belyanchikov M. A. , Bedran Z. V. , Savinov M. , Bednyakov P. , Proschek P. , Prokleska J. , Abalmasov V. A. , Zhukova E. S. , Thomas V. G. , Dudka A. , Zhugayevych A. , Petzelt J. , Prokhorov A. S. , Anzin V. B. , Kremer R. K. , Fischer J. K. H. , Lunkenheimer P. , Loidl A. , Uykur E. , Dressel M. , Gorshunov B.
Published: February 2022

Dielectric spectroscopy along with MD and MC simulations was used to study the excitations of nanoconfined water molecules in cordierite nanocages.
Reversible Mn valence state switching in submicron α-Al2O3:Mn by soft X-rays and blue light – a potential pathway towards multilevel optical data storage
Authors: Wahib Norfadira , Riesen Nicolas , Riesen Hans
Published: February 2022

The generation of Mn4+ in α-Al2O3:Mn3+ by soft X-ray exposure is demonstrated with a large dynamic range of the X-ray generated Mn4+ luminescence signal, indicating the potential use of α-Al2O3:Mn3+ for multilevel optical data storage.
Peptide probes for proteases – innovations and applications for monitoring proteolytic activity
Authors: Rodriguez-Rios Maria , Megia-Fernandez Alicia , Norman Daniel J. , Bradley Mark
Published: February 2022

From a chemistry-based perspective, this review discusses the most recent advances in the field of substrate-based probes for the detection and analysis of proteolytic activity bothin vitroandin vivo.
Interphase control for high performance lithium metal batteries using ether aided ionic liquid electrolyte
Authors: Pal Urbi , Rakov Dmitrii , Lu Bingyu , Sayahpour Baharak , Chen Fangfang , Roy Binayak , MacFarlane Douglas R. , Armand Michel , Howlett Patrick C. , Meng Ying Shirley , Forsyth Maria
Published: February 2022

A non-flammable ionic liquid-ether based hybrid electrolyte shows a robust Li deposition morphology and a very stable cycling of NMC|Li metal cell facilitated by a beneficial interphase formation at the anode surface.
High performance inkjet printed embedded electrochemical sensors for monitoring hypoxia in a gut bilayer microfluidic chip
Authors: Khalid Muhammad Asad Ullah , Kim Kyung Hwan , Chethikkattuveli Salih Abdul Rahim , Hyun Kinam , Park Sung Hyuk , Kang Bohye , Soomro Afaque Manzoor , Ali Muhsin , Jun Yesl , Huh Dongeun , Cho Heeyeong , Choi Kyung Hyun
Published: February 2022

High performance embedded electrochemical sensors fabricated with an inkjet printing system in a gut bilayer microfluidic chip monitored developmental and induced hypoxia.
CHNO isomers and derivatives – a computational overview
Authors: Rey Planells Alicia , Espinosa Ferao Arturo
Published: February 2022

A state-of-the-art computational study of CHNO isomers is presented, including substituted derivatives and cyclotrimerization and deprotonation products.
One-step pyrolysis for the preparation of sulfur-doped biochar loaded with iron nanoparticles as an effective peroxymonosulfate activator for RhB degradation
Authors: Yang Shuangshuang , Zhang Shengxiao , Li Xin , Du Yaxuan , Xing Yuxin , Xu Qiang , Wang Zhenhua , Li Li , Zhu Xiaotong
Published: February 2022

The Fe/S-BC materials activate PMS to generate ˙OH, SO4˙− and 1O2 for Rhodamine B decomposition.
Preorganization of N,O-hybrid phosphine oxide chelators for effective extraction of trivalent Am/Eu ions – a computational study
Authors: Ebenezer Cheriyan , Solomon Rajadurai Vijay
Published: February 2022

N,O-Hybrid phosphine oxide ligands with N-heterocyclic cores are advanced extractants for extracting actinides over lanthanides.
Low-temperature characteristics of magnesium fluoride based bipolar RRAM devices
Authors: Das Nayan C. , Kim Minjae , Rani Jarnardhanan R. , Hong Sung-Min , Jang Jae-Hyung
Published: February 2022

This study investigates the temperature-independent switching characteristics of magnesium fluoride (MgFx) based bipolar resistive memory devices at temperatures ranging from 300 K down to 77 K.
Plasmon-assisted nanophase engineering of titanium dioxide for improved performances in single-particle based sensing and photocatalysis
Authors: Wang Shuangshuang , Yao Jiacheng , Ou Zhenwei , Wang Xujie , Long Yinfeng , Zhang Jing , Fang Zheyu , Wang Ti , Ding Tao , Xu Hongxing
Published: February 2022

Titanium dioxide with tuneable crystallinity in sub-nm scale can be generated around the gold nanoparticles with plasmonic nanoannealing, which enhances Raman scattering and photocatalysis via plasmonic hot electron transfer.
Concurrent suppression of Aβ aggregation and NLRP3 inflammasome activation for treating Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Yang Tao , Zhang Lei , Shang Yicun , Zhu Zhenzhu , Jin Suxing , Guo Zijian , Wang Xiaoyong
Published: February 2022

Bifunctional molecule BPBA inhibits Aβ aggregation and NLRP3 inflammasome activation, thereby decreasing ROS and IL-1β in vitro and vivo; it synergistically prevents Alzheimer's disease via alleviating Aβ neurotoxicity and reducing neuroinflammation.
Bayesian optimization with constraint on passed charge for multiparameter screening of electrochemical reductive carboxylation in a flow microreactor
Authors: Naito Yuki , Kondo Masaru , Nakamura Yuto , Shida Naoki , Ishikawa Kazunori , Washio Takashi , Takizawa Shinobu , Atobe Mahito
Published: February 2022

Multiparameter screening for a reductive carboxylation reaction in an electrochemical flow microreactor is performed with a Bayesian optimization (BO) strategy.
Design and development of selective competitive fluorescent ligands for the detection and visualization of Kv7.2/7.3 in vitro
Authors: Qiao Zhen , Tang Siyuan , Guan Jialiang , Yin Zhengji , Zhu Chao , Zhou Qiqi , Shao Liming
Published: February 2022

The first Kv7.2/7.3 fluorescent probes were used to detect and visualize Kv7.2/7.3 channels in cells and mouse brain tissue.
Lithium-rich sulfide/selenide cathodes for next-generation lithium-ion batteries: challenges and perspectives
Authors: Chen Mingzhe , Liu Yunfei , Zhang Yanyan , Xing Guichuan , Tang Yuxin
Published: February 2022

We provide a timely and in-depth feature review article on the current development as well as the main academic and commercial challenges of lithium-rich sulfide/selenide cathodes for next-generation lithium-ion batteries.
Chiroptical sensing of perrhenate in aqueous media by a chiral organic cage
Authors: Mobili Riccardo , Preda Giovanni , La Cognata Sonia , Toma Lucio , Pasini Dario , Amendola Valeria
Published: February 2022

A chiral organic cage is able to detect the surrogate of 99TcO4− in water, fruit juice and artificial urine medium.
Correction: Mechanistic investigation of B12-independent glycerol dehydratase and its activating enzyme GD-AE
Authors: Li Yaoyang , Yao Yadi , Yu Lu , Tian Changlin , Dong Min
Published: February 2022

Correction for ‘Mechanistic investigation of B12-independent glycerol dehydratase and its activating enzyme GD-AE’ by Yaoyang Li et al., Chem. Commun., 2022, DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06991h.
Probing the electronic structure and spectroscopy of pyrrolyl and imidazolyl radicals using high-resolution photoelectron imaging of cryogenically cooled anions
Authors: Zhang Yue-Rou , Yuan Dao-Fu , Wang Lai-Sheng
Published: February 2022

Photodetachment spectroscopy and high-resolution photoelectron imaging of cryogenically cooled pyrrolide and imidazolide anions are used to probe pyrrolyl and imidazolyl radicals.
Correction: Activity-based NIR fluorescent probes based on the versatile hemicyanine scaffold: design strategy, biomedical applications, and outlook
Authors: Li Haidong , Kim Heejeong , Xu Feng , Han Jingjing , Yao Qichao , Wang Jingyun , Pu Kanyi , Peng Xiaojun , Yoon Juyoung
Published: February 2022

Correction for ‘Activity-based NIR fluorescent probes based on the versatile hemicyanine scaffold: design strategy, biomedical applications, and outlook’ by Haidong Li et al., Chem. Soc. Rev., 2022, DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00307k.
A green analytical approach for the direct non-destructive compositional analysis of (Th, U)O2 fuel pellets by the X-Ray Fluorescence technique using single universal calibration
Authors: Kanrar Buddhadev , Sanyal Kaushik , Pai Rajesh V.
Published: February 2022

TRITON-based dispersion methodology (Method 1) and touchstone-based methodology (Method 2) for the direct non-destructive compositional analysis of (Th, U)O2 fuel pellets.
Boosting the oxygen evolution reaction performance through defect and lattice distortion engineering
Authors: Wu Zhijing , Wang Jianwei , Li Haiyan , Cao Lixin , Dong Bohua
Published: February 2022

An electrocatalyst achieved rational tuning of defects and lattice distortions and exhibited robust stability in alkaline electrolytes.
Knowledge transfer in fault diagnosis of rotary machines
Authors: Liu Guokai , Shen Weiming , Gao Liang , Kusiak Andrew
Published: February 2022

Data‐driven fault diagnosis has prevailed in machine condition monitoring in the past decades. However, traditional machine‐ and deep‐learning‐based fault diagnosis methods assumed that the source and target data share the same distribution and ignored knowledge transfer in dynamic working environments. In recent years, knowledge transfer approaches have been developed and have shown promising results in intelligent fault diagnosis and health management of rotary machines. This paper presents a comprehensive review of knowledge transfer approaches and their applications in fault diagnosis of rotary machines. A problem‐oriented taxonomy of knowledge transfer in fault diagnosis is proposed. The knowledge transfer paradigms, approaches, and applications are categorised and analysed. Future research challenges and directions are explored from data, modelling, and application perspectives.
Electricity allocation strategy for on‐site hydrogen refueling stations in the forward and spot markets
Authors: Wu Sirui , Lin Jin , Li Jiarong , Song Yonghua
Published: February 2022

Green hydrogen in fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) is a promising alternative in the transportation sector. However, high hydrogen costs hinder progress. An on‐site hydrogen refueling station (OHRS) can avoid hydrogen transportation and participate in the market to reduce costs. In the forward market, it can lock in inexpensive electricity in advance; meanwhile, lower prices can be attained in the spot market. However, due to the operational constraints of OHRS, allocating electricity between the forward and spot markets is a multi‐time scale optimization problem. This paper establishes electricity transaction models and a state equation of the OHRS. A two‐stage stochastic optimization model is then proposed to address the allocation problem. Actual market data are used in numerical studies. The results show that storage tanks and electrolysers capacity are critical to arbitrage. Moreover, participating in both the forward and spot markets can usually achieve the lowest levelized cost of hydrogen(LCOH).
Missing large-angle correlations versus even-odd point-parity imbalance in the cosmic microwave background
Authors: Sanchis-Lozano M.-A. , Melia F. , López-Corredoira M. , Sanchis-Gual N.
Published: February 2022

Context.The existence of a maximum correlation angle (θmax ≳ 60°) in the two-point angular temperature correlations of cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation, measured by WMAP andPlanck, stands in sharp contrast to the prediction of standard inflationary cosmology, in which the correlations should extend across the full sky (i.e., 180°). The introduction of a hard lower cutoff (kmin) in the primordial power spectrum, however, leads naturally to the existence ofθmax. Among other cosmological anomalies detected in these data, an apparent dominance of odd-over-even parity multipoles has been seen in the angular power spectrum of the CMB. This feature, however, may simply be due to observational contamination in certain regions of the sky.

Aims.In attempting to provide a more detailed assessment of whether this odd-over-even asymmetry is intrinsic to the CMB, we therefore proceed in this paper, first, to examine whether this odd-even parity imbalance also manifests itself in the angular correlation function and, second, to examine in detail the interplay between the presence ofθmaxand this observed anomaly.

Methods.We employed several parity statistics and recalculated the angular correlation function for different values of the cutoffkminin order to optimize the fit to the differentPlanck2018 data.

Results.We find a phenomenological connection between these features in the data, concluding that both must be considered together in order to optimize the theoretical fit to thePlanck2018 data.

Conclusions.This outcome is independent of whether the parity imbalance is intrinsic to the CMB, but if it is, the odd-over-even asymmetry would clearly point to the emergence of new physics.
X-ray activity of the young solar-like star Kepler-63 and the structure of its corona
Authors: Coffaro M. , Stelzer B. , Orlando S.
Published: February 2022

The X-ray satellite XMM-Newton has so far revealed coronal cycles in seven solar-like stars. Of these, the youngest stars ϵ Eridani (~400 Myr) and ι Horologii (~600 Myr) display the shortest X-ray cycles and the smallest amplitudes, defined as the variation of the X-ray luminosity between the maximum and minimum of the cycle. The X-ray cycle of ϵ Eridani was characterised by applying a novel technique that allowed us to model the corona of a solar-like star in terms of magnetic structures, such as those observed on the Sun (active regions, cores of active regions, and flares), at various filling factors. The high surface coverage of the magnetic structures on ϵ Eridani (65%–95%) that emerged from that study was suggested to be responsible for the low cycle amplitude in the X-ray band. It was also hypothesised that the basal surface coverage with magnetic structures may be higher on the corona of solar-like stars while they are young. To investigate this hypothesis, we started the X-ray monitoring campaign of Kepler-63 in 2019. The star had been observed once before, in 2014, with XMM-Newton. With an age of 210 ± 45 Myr and a photospheric cycle of 1.27 yr, Kepler-63 is the youngest star so far to be observed in X-rays in order to reveal its coronal cycle. Our campaign comprised four X-ray observations of Kepler-63 spanning 10 months (i.e. three-fifths of its photospheric cycle). The long-term X-ray light curve did not reveal a periodic variation of the X-ray luminosity, but a factor two change would be compatible with the considerable uncertainties in the low signal-to-noise data for this relatively distant star. In the case of ϵ Eridani, we describe the coronal emission measure distribution (EMD) of Kepler-63 with magnetic structures such as those observed on the Sun. The best match with the observations is found for an EMD composed of cores and flares of GOES Class C and M following the canonical flare frequency distribution. More energetic flares are occasionally present but they do not contribute significantly to the quasi-stationary high-energy component of the emission measure probed with our modelling. This model yields a coronal filling factor of 100%. This complete coverage of the corona with X-ray-emitting magnetic structures is consistent with the absence of an X-ray cycle, confirming the analogous results derived earlier for ϵ Eridani. Finally, combining our results with the literature on stellar X-ray cycles, we establish an empirical relation between the cycle amplitude LX,max/LX,min and the X-ray surface flux, FX,surf. From the absence of a coronal cycle in Kepler-63, we infer that stars with higher X-ray flux than Kepler-63 must host an EMD that comprises a significant fraction of higher energy flares than those necessary to model the corona of Kepler-63, that is, flares of Class X or higher. Our study opens a new path for studies of the solar-stellar analogy and the joint exploration of resolved and unresolved variability in stellar X-ray light curves.
Digitaler OP eröffnet neue Perspektiven in der Pflege
Authors: Krex Dietmar , Köbsch Daniel
Published: February 2022

Die Digitalisierung verändert Prozesse und Abläufe, aber auch bestehende hierarchische Strukturen im OP. Dies birgt insbesondere für die OP-Pflege das Potenzial, sich neue Tätigkeitsfelder zu erschließen. Gleichzeitig müssen durch die veränderten Modalitäten im digitalen OP neue organisatorische Strukturen etabliert werden.
Fusiform Anastomosis Technique with a Single Longitudinal Incision in the Lacrimal Sac in External Dacryocystorhinostomy
Authors: Ucar Fikret , Tezel Zafer
Published: February 2022

Background In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the surgical outcomes of the fusiform anastomosis technique in external dacryocystorhinostomy (ex-DCR) that we designed in the
form of a physiological tube, which sufficiently covered the bone ostium with the mucosa.

Material and Methods This was a retrospective observational study that included 145 eyes of 131 patients who underwent ex-DCR due to nasolacrimal duct obstruction. The patients were
divided into two groups. Group 1 included 73 eyes of 65 patients who underwent fusiform anastomosis, and group 2 included 72 eyes of 66 patients who underwent conventional anterior and
posterior flap anastomosis. The open nasolacrimal passage with lacrimal irrigation and the absence of reflux were accepted as anatomical success, and the absence of epiphora symptoms was
accepted as functional success. The groups were compared in terms of anatomical success, functional success, and granulation tissue formation.

Results Anatomical success was observed in 73 eyes (100%) in group 1 and 66 eyes (91.6%) in group 2 (p = 0.01). Functional success was observed in 72 of 73 eyes (98.6%) in group 1
and 65 of 72 eyes (90.2%) in group 2 (p = 0.02). Nasal endoscopic examination performed in 32 eyes in group 1 and 28 eyes in group 2 revealed that granulation tissue was observed in 7 of 28
eyes (25%) in group 2, while there were no eyes with granulation tissue in group 1 (p = 0.01).

Conclusion The fusiform anastomosis technique in ex-DCR provided excellent anatomical success and extremely good functional success.
Properties and Synthetic Performances of Phenylamino Cyanoarenes under One-Photon Excitation Manifolds
Authors: Bortolato Tommaso , Dyguda Mateusz , Vega-Peñaloza Alberto , Dell’Amico Luca
Published: February 2022

The synthesis of a set of new organic photocatalysts (PCs) with a donor-acceptor carbazolyl dicyanobenzene structure is reported. The PCs developed have fine-tailored redox potentials from –1.62 V (PC•+/PC*) to 1.36 V (PC*/PC•–) and were accessed through a straightforward two-step synthesis. The potential of these PCs was demonstrated in synthetically relevant reactions with mechanistically opposite thermodynamic requirements, previously reported only in the presence of precious Ir-based PCs. In addition, the PCs outperformed the yields promoted by the well-established 4CzIPN organic dye in both type of reactions.
Recent Advances in Photoinduced Perfluoroalkylation Using Perfluoroalkyl Halides as the Radical Precursors
Authors: Tang Shi , Liu Ting , Liu Jian , He Jin , Hong Yu , Zhou Han , Liu Yin-Ling
Published: February 2022

Perfluoroalkylation is one of the most important methods for the introduction of multiple fluorine atoms into organic molecules in a single step. The use of photoinduced technology is a common strategy that uses the outstanding oxidation or reduction ability of a photo­redox catalyst in its excited state to generate perfluoroalkyl radicals from perfluoroalkyl halides. The perfluoroalkyl radicals thus obtained can undergo various subsequent reactions under mild conditions, such as ATRA reaction of alkenes, alkynes, and 1,n-enynes; carbo/heteroperfluoroalkylation of alkenes and isocyanides; and C–H/F perfluoroalkyl­ation. This allows the expedient incorporation of various perfluoroalkyl groups into the molecular motifs. Perfluorinated functional groups are still in demand in pharmaceutical and material sciences; this short review discusses recent advances in photoinduced perfluoroalkylation methodologies and technologies.

1 Introduction

2 Photocatalytic Perfluoroalkylation of Alkenes, Alkynes, and 1,n- Enynes

3 Photocatalytic Carboperfluoroalkylation or Heteroperfluoro­alkylation of Alkenes, Alkynes, Isocyanides, and Hydrazones

4 Photocatalytic ATRE Reactions of Alkenes with Perfluoroalkyl Halides­

5 Photocatalytic C–X (X = H, F) Bond Perfluoroalkylation

6 Continuous Flow Strategies in Photocatalytic Perfluoroalkylation

7 Conclusions
Central Subclavian Catheterization in Newborns: Single-Center Experience
Authors: Gurel Selcuk , Gözen Ahmet , Bektas Mehmet Selcuk
Published: February 2022

Our main aim of this article was to show that central venous catheter (CVC) can be an easy-to-use, less-complicated catheter application such as peripherally inserted central catheter and umbilical catheter placement in the neonatal intensive care unit. We here described our experience with subclavian vein catheterization. Neonates who had venous access through subclavian central catheterization were assessed retrospectively. Data such as gestational age, age at the time of catheter insertion, birth weight, and gender were collected. In addition, problems related to catheterization during hospitalization were documented. This study comprised 40 newborns, 22 male and 18 female, with a mean gestational week of 29.57 ± 3.80 weeks and a mean gestational weight of 2067.50 ± 545.97 g. Due to occlusion, catheters were switched in five cases twice and in three cases once, totaling 53 catheterizations on 40 newborns. None of our patients had pneumothorax or hemothorax. On the postoperative 8th and 21st days, the catheter was withdrawn due to catheter infection in two (5%) patients, and catheter cultures revealed coagulase negative Staphylococcus aureus in both cases. Even in preterm infants, subclavian central venous catheterization is a safe and straightforward technique of gaining venous access in expert hands in the neonatal intensive care unit.
A Novel Situational Awareness Scoring System in Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Unit Patients
Authors: Baloglu Orkun , Kormos Kristopher , Worley Sarah , Latifi Samir Q.
Published: February 2022

The aim of this study was to describe the performance of a novel Situational Awareness Scoring System (SASS) in discriminating between patients who had cardiac arrest (CA), and those who did not, in a pediatric cardiac intensive care unit (PCICU). This is a retrospective, observational-cohort study in a quaternary-care PCICU. Patients who had CA in the PCICU between January 2014 and December 2018, and patients admitted to the PCICU in 2018 who did not have CA were included. Patients with do not resuscitate or do not intubate orders, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, ventricular assist device, and PCICU stay < 2 hours were excluded. SASS score statistics were calculated within 2-, 4-, 6-, and 8-hour time intervals counting backward from the time of CA, or end of PCICU stay in patients who did not have CA. Cross-validated discrete time logistic regression models were used to calculate area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC) curves. Odds ratios (ORs) for CA were calculated per unit increase of the SASS score. Twenty-eight CA events were analyzed in 462 PCICU admissions from 267 patients. Maximum SASS score within 4-hour time interval before CA achieved the highest AUC of 0.91 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.86–0.96) compared with maximum SASS score within 2-, 6-, and 8-hour time intervals before CA of 0.88 (0.79–96), 0.90 (0.85–0.95), and 0.89 (0.83–0.95), respectively. A cutoff value of 60 for maximum SASS score within 4-hour time interval before CA resulted in 82.1 and 83.2% of sensitivity and specificity, respectively. OR for CA was 1.32 (95% CI: 1.26–1.39) for every 10 units increase in the maximum SASS score within each 4-hour time interval before CA. The maximum SASS score within various time intervals before CA achieved promising performance in discriminating patients regarding occurrence of CA.
Serum Lactate and Mortality during Pediatric Admissions: Is 2 Really the Magic Number?
Authors: Loomba Rohit S. , Farias Juan S. , Villarreal Enrique G. , Flores Saul
Published: February 2022

The primary objective of this study was to determine if serum lactate level at the time of hospital admission can predict mortality in pediatric patients. A systematic review was conducted to identify studies that assessed the utility of serum lactate at the time of admission to predict mortality in pediatric patients. The areas under the curve from the receiver operator curve analyses were utilized to determine the pooled area under the curve. Additionally, standardized mean difference was compared between those who survived to discharge and those who did not. A total of 12 studies with 2,099 patients were included. Out of these, 357 (17%) experienced mortality. The pooled area under the curve for all patients was 0.74 (0.67–0.80, p < 0.01). The pooled analyses for all admissions were higher in those who experienced mortality (6.5 vs. 3.3 mmol/L) with a standardized mean difference of 2.60 (1.74–3.51, p < 0.01). The pooled area under the curve for cardiac surgery patients was 0.63 (0.53–0.72, p < 0.01). The levels for cardiac surgery patients were higher in those who experienced mortality (5.5 vs. 4.1 mmol/L) with a standardized mean difference of 1.80 (0.05–3.56, p = 0.04). Serum lactate at the time of admission can be valuable in identifying pediatric patients at greater risk for inpatient mortality. This remained the case when only cardiac surgery patients were included.
Lieferengpässe: Verbindlichkeit ist Trumpf
Authors: Kucera Martin
Published: February 2022

Bereits vor der Pandemie hatten Kliniken mit Lieferengpässen zu kämpfen. Corona hat diese Probleme noch verschärft. Auch in diesem Jahr rechnen Einkaufsexperten wieder mit Engpässen einzelner Produkte. Die Frage ist, wie Krankenhäuser dem begegnen können.
Medikationssicherheit: Arzneimittellogistik über Automation und Unit-Dose-Versorgung
Authors: Kriegel Johannes , Brandl Paul
Published: February 2022

Im Rahmen des Qualitäts- und Risikomanagement gilt es u. a. die Fehler-, Gefahren- bzw. Risikofreiheit von Arzneimitteln sowie der Arzneimittelversorgung anzustreben und sicherzustellen. Im Hinblick auf die Pharmakovigilanz stellen Automation und Unit-Dose-Versorgung qualitative Lösungsansätze dar.
Investigating
Authors: Wu Jieting , Gao Tian , Zhao Lei , Bao Hongxu , Yu Chang , Hu Jianing , Ma Fang
Published: February 2022

Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud is a landscape plant with resistance to heavy metals that has significance in phytoremediation. However, little is known about the metabolomic background of the heavy metal resistance mechanisms of Phragmites. We studied copper stress on Phragmites and monitored physiological indicators such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and electrolyte leakage (EL). In addition, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) was used to study the related chemical composition in the roots, stems, and leaves under copper stress. Furthermore, LC–MS technology was used to analyse the plants metabolic profile. Results showed that increased copper concentration in Phragmites led to the accumulation of MDA and EL. FTIR spectrum detected the presence of O–H and C=O stretching. O–H stretching was related to the presence of flavonoids, while C=O stretching reflected the presence of protein amide I. The latter was related to the change of amino acid composition. Both flavonoids and amino acids are regarded as contributors to the antioxidant of Phragmites under copper stress. Metabolomics analysis revealed that arginine and ayarin were accumulated and Phragmites leaves responded to copper stress with changes in the pool size of arginine and ayarin. It is speculated that they could improve resistance. Arginine is accumulated through two pathways: the citrulline decomposition and conversion pathway; and the circular pathway composed of ornithine, citrulline, l-argininosuccinate and arginine. Ayarin is synthesised through the quercetin methylation pathway. This study elucidates the antioxidant mechanisms for enhancing its resistance to heavy metal stress, thus improving of phytoremediation efficiency.
Unravelling the physiological basis of salinity stress tolerance in cultivated and wild rice species
Authors: Shahzad Babar , Yun Ping , Shabala Lana , Zhou Meixue , Sellamuthu Gothandapani , Venkataraman Gayatri , Chen Zhong-Hua , Shabala Sergey
Published: February 2022

Wild rice species provide a rich source of genetic diversity for possible introgression of salinity stress tolerance in cultivated rice. We investigated the physiological basis of salinity stress tolerance in Oryza species by using six rice genotypes (Oryza sativa L.) and four wild rice species. Three weeks of salinity treatment significantly (P < 0.05) reduced physiological and growth indices of all cultivated and wild rice lines. However, the impact of salinity-induced growth reduction differed substantially among accessions. Salt tolerant accessions showed better control over gas exchange properties, exhibited higher tissue tolerance, and retained higher potassium ion content despite higher sodium ion accumulation in leaves. Wild rice species showed relatively lower and steadier xylem sap sodium ion content over the period of 3 weeks analysed, suggesting better control over ionic sodium xylem loading and its delivery to shoots with efficient vacuolar sodium ion sequestration. Contrary to this, saline sensitive genotypes managed to avoid initial Na+ loading but failed to accomplish this in the long term and showed higher sap sodium ion content. Conclusively, our results suggest that wild rice genotypes have more efficient control over xylem sodium ion loading, rely on tissue tolerance mechanisms and allow for a rapid osmotic adjustment by using sodium ions as cheap osmoticum for osmoregulation.
Understanding the mechanisms of L-shell x-ray emission from Os atoms bombarded by 4–6 MeV/u fluorine ion
Authors: Chatterjee Soumya , Kumar Sunil , Kumar Sarvesh , Oswal M , Mohanty Biraja , Mehta D , Mitra D , Mendez A M P , Mitnik D M , Montanari C C , Sarkadi L , Nandi T
Published: February 2022

The L-subshell ionization mechanism is studied in an ultra-thin Os target bombarded by 4–6 MeV/u fluorine ions. Multiple ionization effects are considered through the change of fluorescence and Coster-Kronig yields while determining L-subshell ionization cross sections from L x-ray production cross sections. The present experimental values are compared with various theoretical approximations: (i) the relativistic semi-classical approximation (RSCA), (ii) the shellwise local plasma approximation (SLPA), and (iii) the ECUSAR theory. We also take into account the vacancy sharing among the subshells by the coupled-states model (CSM) and the electron capture (EC) by a standard formalism. We find that the ECUSAR-CSM-EC describes the measured excitation function curves the best. However, the theoretical calculations are still about a factor of two smaller than the measured values even though the recent fluorescence and Coster-Kronig yields are considered. Hence, a re-evaluation of these parameters is a challenge for the theoretical works. Whatsoever, this work leads to demonstrate that in the present energy range the heavy-ion induced inner-shell ionization of the heavy atoms can be understood by combining the direct Coulomb ionization, the electron capture, and the vacancy sharing among subshells, together with optimizing the atomic parameters. Optimization of the atomic parameters shows that our experimental results agree with theoretical vacancy production theories if the L1 fluorescence yield is nearly doubled. Such a optimization is validated by the proton induced L-shell ionization data of uranium atoms.
Thin accretion disk onto slowly rotating black holes in Einstein-Æther theory
Authors: Liu Cheng , Yang Sen , Wu Qiang , Zhu Tao
Published: February 2022

The accretion disk is formed by particles moving in closed orbits around a compact object, whose physical properties and the electromagnetic radiation characteristics are determined by the space-time geometry around the compact object. In this paper, we study the physical properties and the optical appearance of the electromagnetic radiation emitted from a thin accretion disk around the two types of the black hole solution in Einstein-Æther theory. We investigate in detail the effects of the æther field on the energy flux, temperature distribution, and electromagnetic spectrum of the disk in the two types of slowly rotating Einstein-Æther black holes. Then we plot the ray-traced redshifted image as well as the intensity and polarization profile of a lensed accretion disk around the two types of Einstein-Æther black holes. We found that from the image simulation, the æther field only has a certain effect on the central shadow area of the accretion disk.
Quantum information processing with nuclear spins mediated by a weak-mechanically controlled electron spin
Authors: Su Wan-Jun , Ye Guang-Zheng , Wu Ya-Dong , Yang Zhen-Biao , Sanders Barry C
Published: February 2022

We propose a scheme to achieve nuclear–nuclear indirect interactions mediated by a mechanically driven nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in a diamond. Here we demonstrate two-qubit entangling gates and quantum-state transfer between two carbon nuclei. When the dipole–dipole interaction strength is much larger than the driving field strength, the scheme is robust against decoherence caused by coupling between the NV center (nuclear spins) and the environment. Conveniently, precise control of dipole coupling is not required so this scheme is insensitive to fluctuating positions of the nuclear spins and the NV center. Our scheme provides a general blueprint for multi-nuclear-spin gates and for multi-party communication.
Investigation of a Cherenkov-based gamma-ray diagnostic for measurement of 17 MeV gamma-rays from T(D, γ)5He in magnetic confinement fusion plasmas
Authors: Putignano O. , Croci G. , Muraro A. , Cancelli S. , Giacomelli L. , Gorini G. , Grosso G. , Kushoro M.H. , Marcer G. , Nocente M. , Rebai M. , Tardocchi M.
Published: February 2022

At present, the only method for assessing the fusion power throughput of a reactor relies on the absolute measurement of 14 MeV neutrons produced in the D-T nuclear reaction. For ITER and DEMO, however, at least another independent measurement of the fusion power is required. The 5He* nucleus produced in the D-T fusion reaction has two de-excitation channels. The most likely is its disintegration in an alpha particle and a neutron, D + T → 5He* → α + n, by means of the nuclear force. There is however also an electromagnetic channel, with a branching ratio ∼10−5, which leads to the emission of a 17 MeV gamma-ray, i.e. D + T → 5He* → 5He + γ. The detection of this gamma-ray emission could serve as an independent method to determine the fusion power. In order to enable 17 MeV gamma-ray measurements, there is need for a detector with some coarse energy discrimination and, most importantly, capable of working in a neutron-rich environment. Conventional inorganic scintillators, such as LaBr3(Ce), have comparable efficiencies to neutrons and gamma-rays and they cannot be used for 17 MeV gamma-ray measurements without significant neutron shielding. In order to overcome this limitation, we here propose the conceptual design of a gamma-ray counter with a variable energy threshold based on the Cherenkov effect and designed to operate in intense neutron fields. The detector geometry has been optimized using Geant4 so to achieve a gamma-ray to neutron efficiency ratio better than 105. The design is based on a gas Cherenkov detector and the photo-sensor is still to investigated.
Gadolinium loaded Cherenkov detectors for neutron monitoring in high energy air showers
Authors: Stowell P. , Fargher S. , Thompson L.F. , Brown A.M. , Chadwick P.M.
Published: February 2022

Monitoring of high energy cosmic ray neutrons is of particular interest for cosmic ray water Cherenkov detectors as intense bundles of delayed neutrons have been found to arrive after the initial passage of a high energy air shower. In this paper we explore the possibility of building large-area high-energy neutron monitors using gadolinium-loaded Water Cherenkov Detectors (WCDs). GEANT4 simulations of photon production in WCDs are used to estimate the maximum detection efficiency for a hypothetical system. Requiring a series of neutron induced gamma ray flashes distributed over an extended period of time (up to 20 μs) was shown to be an effective way to discriminate high energy neutron interactions from other backgrounds. Results suggest that neutron detection efficiencies of 4–15% may be possible using a gadolinium-loaded detection system above 200 MeV. The magnitude of gadolinium loading was also shown to significantly modify the timing response of the simulated detector.
Potential for development of local rice genetic resources into excellent varieties in Merangin regency, Jambi province
Authors: Bobihoe J , Salvia E , Hendri J , Hernita D , Endrizal
Published: February 2022

Local rice is one of the genetic resources that are quite diverse and is found in low, medium and high altitudes, both in the dry land, pond swamps and tidal swamps, has properties resistant / tolerant to biotic and abiotic checks that occur in various agroecosystems. The purpose of the activity is to characterize the genetic resources of local rice Merangin Jambi Province. The activities were held in The District of Tabir and Jangkat District of Merangin Regency in 2021. The method used is to survey by taking data directly to the field and interviewing farmers and field officers. The data collected includes an agronomic and morphological character under the guidelines of the Rice Plant Characterization and Evaluation System Guidelines and the General Guidelines for The Preparation of Food Crop Variety Description (PPVT). Characterization is carried out on local rice which is predominantly consumed and developed in lowlands and highlands and has production potential (3.5-4.5 tons/ha) in Merangin Regency. Local rice can be used as a superior variety because it has good rice quality and good rice taste according to the tastes of local consumers. The genetic resources of local rice stings, Lai and Sungkai in Merangin Regency, have the potential to be released as a national superior variety.
Effect of an Organic and Inorganic Foliar Fertilizer, Time and Fertilization Frequencies on Dendrobium Growth
Authors: Rianawati S , Rahardjo I B , Musalamah
Published: February 2022

Among many factors of cultivation succeed, fertilization is the most important supporting for Dendrobium cultivation. This experiment was conducted to evaluate an organic foliar fertilizer “Bio Super Sugima” the local product of fish extract and inorganic foliar fertilizers “Hyponex 20:20;20”, time and fertilization frequencies on two young plant Dendrobium cultivars G1 (BALITHI CF022.27) and G2 (Clone 22.25). Experimental activities were conducted at location which has altitude 100 meters above sea level. The treatments of time were at 8 a.m, as a standart fertilization (T1), (T2) at 6-7 a.m once a week; (T3) 5-6 p.m once a week; (T4) 6-7 a.m twice a week; (T5) 5-6 p.m twice a week; (T6) combination morning at 6-7 a.m and evening at 5-6 p.m once a week. Among these attributes, length of pseudobulb, number of leaves/pseudobulb, length of leaf, width of leaf and number of shoot were measured three times with interval 2 months after transplanting. After six months, observation were showed that an organic “Bio Super Sugima” and inorganic “Hyponex” foliar fertilizer were influenced toward growth of young Dendrobium. Fertilization using hyponex inorganic fertilizer has been given better affects of the Dendrobium vegetative growth than organic “ Bio Super Sugima”. Fertilization in Dendrobium performed at 06.00-07.00 a.m were better than at 17.00-18.00 p.m, both at the frequency of oncee or twice a week fertilization. Likewise, the use of an organic supplements were known that were better applied in the morning compared to the afternoon. In this case also showed that varieties were effected the growth response. Genotype BALITHI CF022.27 was more responsive toward fertilization than clone 22.25 using both organic or in organic fertilizers. In the present time, there were not much available information on fertilization application on Dendrobium cultivation. Thereby, the present experiment was conducted with a view to studying the effect of fertilizer on the vegetative growth of Dendrobium. Hopefully this experiment could be give benefit to orchid user
Protein structure determination as a powerful tool for the sustainable development of agriculture field (and its potential relevance in Indonesia)
Authors: Koesoema A A
Published: February 2022

Traditional agricultural practices, such as classical plant breeding and pest management, have been utilized for many years to increase crop yield and improve its properties. However, more effective and sustainable practices are needed to meet the increasing global demands for agricultural-based products. In the past decades, DNA recombinant technology, and protein structure determination have been employed as a tool for the development of the agricultural field. Protein structure determination enables us to understand the structure-function relationship of a given protein, such as plant hormone, receptor, or growth regulators, thus introducing modifications to improve the properties of the crop. This review introduces the latest development of protein structure determination techniques ranging from X-ray crystallography, protein NMR, and cryo-electron microscopy. Notable examples of how these techniques can be utilized as a powerful tool for the sustainable development of the agricultural field, including their potential relevance in Indonesia, are introduced.
Combination of dry-wet land Preparation to Increase Plant Population and Yield under Direct Seeding Rice
Authors: Susanti Z. , Sakai C. , Sasmita P. , Hikmah Z.M. , Budijaya N. , Shin Y. , Meiyanto S.
Published: February 2022

Rice as a staple food for more than half of the world’s population is commonly grown by transplanting seedlings into puddled soil. Lack of labour and water crisis drive the search for alternative planting system. Direct Seeding Rice (DSR) method may significantly decrease the cost of crop establishment, however, DSR required improvement in land preparation to maintain seed germination. Combination of dry-wet land preparation using Farming Bulldozer (FB) and DSR lead to higher yield due to increasing of plant population. A field experiment was carried out in the 2020 Wet-season at ICRR to examine 2 methods of puddling and different planting system. The study was arranged in a fractional factorial design. The first factor was land preparation which were (L1): land preparation using FB and (L2): hand tractor. The second factor was crop establishment, (D1); DSR using drum seeder with iron-coated seed, (D2) DSR using drum seeder with non-coated seed and (D3): transplanting. Each treatment was set in 5000 m2, with 4 replications. The results showed that (1) combination of dry-wet land preparation and DSR iron-coated yielded at 5478 kg/ha, significantly higher compared to hand tractor (HT) and DSR-non coated seed which yielded at 3698kg/ha. (2) The key yield component that had a large influence on grain yield under direct seeding was the number of productive panicles per m2. Perfect land levelling was crucial to maintain high percentage of seeds germination leaded to sufficient number of standing crop (tiller) per area.