bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Autoimmune Encephalitis: Current Knowledge on Subtypes, Disease Mechanisms and Treatment
Authors: Nissen Mette Scheller , Ryding Matias , Meyer Morten , Blaabjerg Morten
Published: July 2020

Autoimmune Encephalitides (AE) comprises a group of diseases with antibodies against
neuronal synaptic and cell surface antigens. Since the discovery of the most common subtype, NMethyl-
D-Aspartate (NMDA) receptor encephalitis, an astonishing number of novel disease-causing
antibodies have been described. This includes other glutamatergic and GABAergic receptor antibodies
and antibodies against various other surface proteins. Many of these novel conditions present as limbic
encephalitis with memory impairment, psychiatric features and epileptic seizures, often alongside subtype
specific clinical features. Others present with a clinical disease course specific to the antibody. In
contrast to the well-known paraneoplastic syndromes with antibodies directed against intracellular antigens
(e.g. limbic encephalitis with Hu antibodies), autoimmune encephalitides are often highly responsive
to immunotherapy, with a good outcome if diagnosed and treated early. Prognosis depends on aggressive
immunotherapy, often with a combination of corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin,
plasma exchange or in some cases anti-CD20 therapy and cyclophosphamide. Other treatment regimens
exist, and prognosis varies between disease subtypes and occurrence of underlying cancer. We review
current knowledge on subtype-specific clinical presentation, disease mechanisms, diagnosis including
pitfalls, treatment paradigms and outcome in autoimmune encephalitides, and provide suggestions for
future research.
Comparison of Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes in Case of Primary Cesarean Section Done During Late vs. Early Labor
Authors: Anuff Heena , Rahman Zeinah , Dube Rajani , Al-Zuheiri Shatha Taher Salman
Published: July 2020

Background:

Cesarean section (CS) done before the onset of labor is called an elective
and done during labor is called an emergency CS. During labor, CS may be needed in early(1st) or
late(2nd) stages. Earlier studies have shown more maternal and fetal complications when a cesarean
is done for the first time in the late stages.

Objective:

Our objective was to find out whether the maternal and fetal outcomes differ when
primary CS is done in the first stage of labor compared to the second stage of labor for various indications
and how.

Methods:

This was a retrospective observational study on women who underwent primary CS
during active labor and to link the maternal and fetal outcomes related to the stages of labor. The
study population was patients admitted to the Labor ward of Saqr hospital, Ras Al Khaimah,
UAE, between 1st January 2017 till 31st December 2017, but had to undergo primary CS during
labor for various indications at 1st and 2nd stages of labor. Data was collected from maternal and
neonatal electronic case records.

Results:

A total of 135 case records were studied. Most cesarean sections were in the early stage
of labor. The most common indications were fetal distress and prolonged labor. The maternal and
fetal complications were higher in 2nd stage of labor than in 1st stage which includes uterine atonia
(p=.001), postpartum hemorrhage (p=.006), postoperative hematuria(RR=3.46), problems with
breastfeeding (p=0.001) and fetal injuries (p<.001).

Conclusion:

Primary CS in late labor is associated with increased maternal and neonatal complications
compared to CS in early labor.
Potensi Ekstrak Etanol Biji Cucurbita moschata terhadap Kadar Malondehaldehid Mencit Model Diabetes
Authors: Suwanto Suwanto , Gustomi Mono Pratiko , Kurnijasanti Rochmah
Published: July 2020

Abstrak Kebutuhan akan kesehatan diharapkan pada semua orang, namun kesehatan harus perlu dijaga agar tidak terpapar adanya radikal bebas yang berlebihan, karena akan memicu timbulnya penyakit diabetes mellitus disertai adanya peningkatan kadar malondehaldehid. Pencegahan radikal bebas yang berlebihan dapat memanfaatkan biji Cucurbita moschata. Antioksidan pada biji Cucurbita moschata berperan dalam mengatasi dan mencegah adanya stres oksidatif pada penderita diabetes mellitus. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi ekstrak etanol biji Cucurbita moschata terhadap kadar malondehaldehid mencit model diabetes. Metode penelitian eksperimental dengan desain post test control group design, mencit jantan sebanyak 24 ekor umur 1 bulan dengan berat badan 20-30 gram, dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok: kontrol negatif, kontrol positif, kontrol metformin, danÂ  kelompok perlakuan ekstrak etanol biji Cucurbita moschata dosis 180, 360 dan 720 mg/kg BB diberikan secara sonde oral selama 14 hari. Pengamatan terhadap kadar malondehaldehid. Hasil penelitian pemberian ekstrak etanol biji Cucurbita moschata pada semua dosis kelompok perlakuan dapat menurunkan kadar malondehaldehid (Kruskal Wallis p 0,04 < 0,05), sedangkan dosis yang lebih efektif sebanyak 360 mg/kgBB. Kesimpulan semua dosis kelompok perlakuan dapat menurunkan kadar malondehaldehid, sedangkan dosis yang lebih efektif sebanyak 360 mg/kgBB.Â Kata kunci: Cucurbita moschata, malondehaldehid, diabetesAbstractEverybody expects of being healthy, but health must be maintained to avoid excessive free radical exposure since it will trigger the onset of diabetes mellitus that is accompanied by an increase in the malondialdehyde level. Prevention of excessive free radicals can be done by utilizing Cucurbita moschata seeds. Antioxidants in Cucurbita moschata seeds play a role in overcoming and preventing oxidative stress in people with diabetes mellitus. The study aimed to determine the potential of ethanol extract of Cucurbita moschata seeds on the malondialdehyde level in diabetic mice. This study applied an experimental research method with a posttest control group design. The subjects were 24 male mice aged one month with a bodyweight of 20-30 grams and were divided into six groups: negative control, positive control, metformin control, and treatment groups of ethanol extract Cucurbita moschata seed doses of 180, 360, and 720 mg/kgBW given orally for 14 days. The results of the study showed that ethanol extract of Cucurbita moschata seeds on all treatment doses could reduce the malondialdehyde level (Kruskal Wallis p 0.04 <0.05), but the most effective dose was 360 mg/kgBW. In short, all treatment doses can reduce the malondialdehyde level, but the most effective dose is 360 mg/kgBW. Keywords: Cucurbita moschata, malondialdehyde, diabetes
Paternal Roles in Breastfeeding in Jakarta, Indonesia: A Mixed-method Approach
Authors: Februhartanty Judhiastuty , Muslimatun Siti , Shankar Anuraj H , Djakababa Nelden , Suradi Rulina
Published: July 2020

Abstract We explored paternal roles in timely breastfeeding initiation and exclusive breastfeeding practices in Jakarta using a mixed-methods approach in sequence of focus group discussions (FGDs â€“ phase 1) and a quantitative survey (phase 2). The study population was parents with infants aged below 6 months. Data on paternal roles, maternal attributes, and breastfeeding practices were collected from 43 purposively selected parents in phase 1 and 536 couples in phase 2. FGDs provided insights to finalize the questionnaire for the survey. Nine paternal roles were identified: 1-accompanying the mother during antenatal and postnatal visits, 2-suggesting places for health checkups and delivery, 3-seeking information about child nutrition, 4-accompanying the mother during delivery, 5-facilitating psychological support of the mother, 6-childcare involvement, 7-engagement in childcare discussions, 8-involvement in decisions about infant feeding mode, and 9-enthusiasm for fatherhood. Roles 3 (aOR=1.65; 95%CI=1.07 to 2.54) and 9 (1.59; 1.04-2.44) were positively associated with timely initiation of breastfeeding. Role 8 was positively associated with exclusive breastfeeding (1.69; 1.10-2.60), but roles 2 (0.49; 0.32-0.76) and 5 (0.97; 0.41-0.64) were negatively associated with exclusive breastfeeding. Fathers played roles in breastfeeding practices under study. Fathers need a tailored breastfeeding promotion to stimulate necessary support for breastfeeding mothers. Keywords: initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding, fathers, mixed-methods approach, Indonesia
The Use of a Corrugated Suture for Cortical Fixation of a Semitendinosus Tendon Autograft in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Clinical Results
Authors: Slastinin V. V. , Yarygin N. V. , Parshikov M. V. , Fain A. M. , Sychevskiy M. V. , Govorov M. V.
Published: July 2020

The study purpose — to evaluate the clinical results and the condition of bone tunnels after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with a semitendinosus tendon graft using cortical fixation and corrugated sutures.Materials and Methods. The results anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with a semitendinosus tendon autograft were analyzed in 57 patients aged 18 to 53 years. The patients of the first group (n = 27) underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with a semitendinosus tendon graft using cortical fixation on the femur and tibia in combination with corrugated sutures at the proximal and distal ends of the graft. The patients of the second group (n = 30) underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in a similar way, but without the use of corrugated sutures. Clinical results were assessed using the Lysholm and IKDC scales. The degree of bone tunnels widening was evaluated by CT data in 6 months after the surgery.Results. In the first group, the degree of postoperative bone tunnels widening was significantly lower (for the femoral tunnel by 18% and tibial — by 17%) compared with the second group (for the femoral tunnel by 30% and tibial — by 31%). Scores by the IKDC 2000 and Lysholm scales were higher in the corrugated sutured group. Although, the treatment outcome was interpreted as equally good for both groups. The time for graft preparation was on average 6 minutes longer in the first group. This slightly increased the duration of the surgery.Conclusion. The anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with a semitendinosus tendon graft using cortical fixation on the femur and tibia in combination with corrugated sutures ensured the tight contact of the tendon inside the bone tunnels without additional implants and reduced the degree of tunnels widening. This is important for a possible re-grafting. The proposed method does not significantly affect the clinical outcomes.
Dislocations after Hip Arthroplasty (Review)
Authors: Sereda A. P. , Smetanin S. M.
Published: July 2020

One of hip arthroplasty complications is dislocation of the endoprosthesis head. In the vast majority of cases, the cause of dislocation is multifactorial. That is why only a thorough analysis of the patient’s peculiarities, surgery and rehabilitation will help to avoid the relapse. This review analyzed the risk factors of dislocation and treatment tactics. Risk factors associated with the patient include: old age, male gender, obesity, concomitant diseases, low level of preoperative physical activity, low compliance and a some others. The problem of the biomechanical ratio in the segment “spine – pelvis – lower limb” deserves special attention. Besides, there are risk factors associated with the surgeon: access option; type, fixation and position of endoprosthesis components, experience and surgical technique of a orthopedic surgeon. The strategy of dislocations rate reduction is based on a detailed study of dislocation causes and their elimination, and adequate surgery planning. The treatment of a patient with dislocation should take into account the multifactorial etiology of the condition.
Custom Triflange Acetabular Components for Revision Hip Arthroplasty in the Patients with Severe Acetabular Defects: Planning, Surgical Technique, Outcomes
Authors: Korytkin A. A. , Novikova Ya. S. , Morozova E. A. , Gerasimov S. A. , Kovaldov K. A. , El moudni Yo. M.
Published: July 2020

Employment of custom triflange acetabular components (CTAC) is one of the few options for pelvic reconstruction in the patients requiring complex acetabulum revisions with Paprosky 2 C, 3 A and 3 B defects and pelvic ring disruption.The purpose of the study was to describe the features of planning, surgical technique, and short-term treatment outcomes of the patients with significant acetabular defects, in which the revision hip arthroplasty was performed using the CTAC.Materials and Methods. A single-center analysis of a series of consecutive patients was performed: 50 complex acetabulum revisions in 47 patients (16 men and 31 women). The average age of the patients was 60±12 years (from 31 to 82; Me 62 years), the average body mass index was 29.7±6.3 kg/m2 (18.4 to 46.3; Me 29.0 kg/m).Results. The mean follow-up was 22±13 months (from 3 to 3.6 years; Me 20 months). The average Harris score increased from 27±7 (from 15 to 39; Me 27) before surgery to 64±16 (from 22 to 90; Me 67) a year after (p0.001). The level of pain according to VAS before surgery was 7±1 points (from 5 to 9; Me 7), after treatment it decreased to 2±1 points (from 0 to 7; Me 1, p0.001). In 17 cases out of 50 (34%), there was at least one complication: dislocations — 7 (14%) cases; infection — 3 (6%); loosening — 2 (4%); complications associated with the femoral component — 4 (8%), including 3 intraoperative fractures and 1 postoperative, associated with loosening of the implant; pronounced disturbances of static and locomotor functions — 2 (4%). 12 cases out of 50 (24%) required another surgery, all of which were performed in a year. The Kaplan-Meyer survival rate for the hip implants was 0.71, for the CTAC — 0.87.Conclusion. Employment of the CTAC for revision hip arthroplasty in the patients with significant acetabulum defects and pelvic ring disruption allows reliable fixation of the endoprosthesis components. The STAC placement technique is more anatomical than use of structural allografts, several augments or sup-cage systems. It allows reconstruction of extensive bone defects, theoretically avoiding the long-term problems with allografts, modular trabecular components, antiprotrusion systems and cup-cage. Although, to prove this, the longer follow-up is needed.
Fase gametofítica de tres taxones de Anemia (Anemiaceae)
Authors: Chambi Cristina Janet , Martínez Olga Gladys
Published: July 2020

Antecedentes y Objetivos: Anemiaceae presenta un único género, Anemia, con 115 especies que se distribuyen en el Neotrópico, África, India e islas en el Océano Índico. El objetivo de este trabajo es caracterizar las esporas vivas y la fase gametofítica de tres taxones de Anemia sudamericanas, poco estudiadas o con estudios fragmentados, A. herzogii, A. tomentosa var. anthriscifolia y A. tomentosa var. tomentosa.Métodos: Los gametofitos de los tres taxones han sido obtenidos a través de cultivos in vitro de las esporas. Las esporas y los gametofitos fueron estudiados a través del microscopio de luz y electrónico de barrido. Se describió el patrón de germinación de las esporas, evolución del desarrollo gametofítico y expresión sexual.Resultados clave: Los gametofitos filamentosos estaban formados por 4-20 células, los adultos fueron cordados simétricos o asimétricos, bisexuales y protándricos, en sus superficies y márgenes se observaron tricomas clavados. Los gametangios corresponden al tipo leptosporangiado. La dehiscencia de los anteridios se produjo mediante una perforación en la célula opercular. Los arquegonios tenían cuellos con cuatro a siete células y cuatro células triangulares en el extremo distal del cuello. Anemia herzogii mostró tricomas ramificados sobre los gametofitos y más tarde desarrolló esporofitos.Conclusiones: La germinación en todos los taxones corresponde al tipo Anemia y el desarrollo gametofítico al tipo Ceratopteris. Anemia herzogii se distingue de las dos variedades por la presencia de tricomas ramificados exclusivos de la fase gametofítica. Los taxones estudiados se caracterizan por la morfología del gametofito, tipo de tricomas y sexualidad.
Study on mineral, antinutrient and blood parameters of goats fed molasses treated rice husk
Authors: Omotoso Oluwatosin Bode , Arilekolasi Tomilola Ayo , Fajemisin Adebowale Noah
Published: July 2020

A study on the nutritional potential of rice husk treated with or without molasses was carried out using 25 West African Dwarf (WAD) bucks. Five experimental diets were formulated such that; 0, 1, 2 3 and 4% molasses were incorporated in goat diets and were fermented for 5days before being fed to 25 WAD bucks of 5 replicates per treatment in a Completely Randomized Design experiment for 84 days. Results showed that, dietary treatments had significant (P<0.05) influences in all the parameters observed. Diet 5 had the highest crude protein (11.29%CP) and least crude fibre (26.51% CF). However, the dietary ash varied from 11.29% (Diet 5) to 19.84% (Diet 1). The mineral contents (Ca, P, Mg, K) of the diets progressively increased with increased inclusion of molasses and were adequate to support the growth of goats. The highest values were recorded in Diet 5 except for sodium which declined across the treatment. The anti-nutrients contents observed in this study were least in Diet 5 with exception of phenol which had the highest value (23.66%). Dry matter intake (DMI) varied from 466.86g/day (Diet 5) to 452.47g/day (Diet 1). Meanwhile, CPI increased with increased molasses in the diet. Bucks fed Diet 5 had the best mineral retention values and best daily weight gain (68.00g/day) as (6.86) feed gain ratio was the least. Consequently, treatment of rice husk with molasses at 4% inclusion level could improve the general performance of WAD bucks without any adverse effect on their health status.
Identifying the Medical Lethality of Suicide Attempts Using Network Analysis and Deep Learning: Nationwide Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kim Bora , Kim Younghoon , Park C Hyung Keun , Rhee Sang Jin , Kim Young Shin , Leventhal Bennett L , Ahn Yong Min , Paik Hyojung
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

Suicide is one of the leading causes of death among young and middle-aged people. However, little is understood about the behaviors leading up to actual suicide attempts and whether these behaviors are specific to the nature of suicide attempts.

OBJECTIVE

The goal of this study was to examine the clusters of behaviors antecedent to suicide attempts to determine if they could be used to assess the potential lethality of the attempt. To accomplish this goal, we developed a deep learning model using the relationships among behaviors antecedent to suicide attempts and the attempts themselves.

METHODS

This study used data from the Korea National Suicide Survey. We identified 1112 individuals who attempted suicide and completed a psychiatric evaluation in the emergency room. The 15-item Beck Suicide Intent Scale (SIS) was used for assessing antecedent behaviors, and the medical outcomes of the suicide attempts were measured by assessing lethality with the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS; lethal suicide attempt >3 and nonlethal attempt ≤3).

RESULTS

Using scores from the SIS, individuals who had lethal and nonlethal attempts comprised two different network nodes with the edges representing the relationships among nodes. Among the antecedent behaviors, the conception of a method’s lethality predicted suicidal behaviors with severe medical outcomes. The vectorized relationship values among the elements of antecedent behaviors in our deep learning model (E-GONet) increased performances, such as F1 and area under the precision-recall gain curve (AUPRG), for identifying lethal attempts (up to 3% for F1 and 32% for AUPRG), as compared with other models (mean F1: 0.81 for E-GONet, 0.78 for linear regression, and 0.80 for random forest; mean AUPRG: 0.73 for E-GONet, 0.41 for linear regression, and 0.69 for random forest).

CONCLUSIONS

The relationships among behaviors antecedent to suicide attempts can be used to understand the suicidal intent of individuals and help identify the lethality of potential suicide attempts. Such a model may be useful in prioritizing cases for preventive intervention.
Co-designing a Self-Management App Prototype to Support People With Spinal Cord Injury in the Prevention of Pressure Injuries: Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Amann Julia , Fiordelli Maddalena , Brach Mirjam , Bertschy Sue , Scheel-Sailer Anke , Rubinelli Sara
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

Spinal cord injury is a complex chronic health condition that requires individuals to actively self-manage. Therefore, an evidence-based, self-management app would be of value to support individuals with spinal cord injury in the prevention of pressure injuries.

OBJECTIVE

The main objectives of this study were to (1) establish a co-design approach for developing a high-fidelity prototype app for the self-management of individuals with spinal cord injury, (2) design the prototype that resulted from this process, and (3) conduct the first usability assessment of the prototype app.

METHODS

We adopted a co-design approach to develop an evidence-based app prototype. Starting from a preliminary content model (based on clinical guidelines for the prevention of pressure injuries) and three research-based user personas, we conducted an ideation workshop involving individuals with spinal cord injury and health care professionals. The ideation workshop formed the basis for two consecutive design sprints. The result of this co-design phase was an interactive app prototype. The prototype was evaluated in two rounds of usability testing (N=4 and N=15, respectively) using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods.

RESULTS

The co-design process resulted in a high-fidelity prototype with two key components: a self-management component and a communication component. The final prototype included a combination of features to support individuals with spinal cord injury in the prevention of pressure injuries, namely a smart camera, pressure injury diary, expert consultation, reminders, and knowledge repository. Findings of the usability testing showed that most participants navigated the app fluently with little back and forth navigation and were able to successfully complete a set of assigned tasks. These positive results are supported by the average system usability score achieved (78.5/100; range 47.5-95.0) and our qualitative analysis of the semistructured interviews. Despite an overall positive evaluation of the app prototype, we identified areas for improvement (eg, inclusion of a search function).

CONCLUSIONS

Individuals with spinal cord injury often need to navigate competing interests and priorities, paired with uncertainty about the accuracy and relevance of clinical recommendations. Understanding what matters to individuals with spinal cord injury can help guide the design of behavioral interventions that are useful and acceptable to these individuals in their daily lives. This study shows that involving individuals with spinal cord injury and health care professionals in co-designing a self-management app can foster knowledge cocreation at the intersection of lived experience, medical expertise, and technical solutions.
A QR Code–Based Contact Tracing Framework for Sustainable Containment of COVID-19: Evaluation of an Approach to Assist the Return to Normal Activity (Preprint)
Authors: Nakamoto Ichiro , Wang Sheng , Guo Yan , Zhuang Weiqing
Published: July 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

We discuss a pandemic management framework using symptom-based quick response (QR) codes to contain the spread of COVID-19. In this approach, symptom-based QR health codes are issued by public health authorities. The codes do not retrieve the location data of the users; instead, two different colors are displayed to differentiate the health status of individuals. The QR codes are officially regarded as electronic certificates of individuals’ health status, and can be used for contact tracing, exposure risk self-triage, self-update of health status, health care appointments, and contact-free psychiatric consultations. This approach can be effectively deployed as a uniform platform interconnecting a variety of responders (eg, individuals, institutions, and public authorities) who are affected by the pandemic, which minimizes the errors of manual operation and the costs of fragmented coordination. At the same time, this approach enhances the promptness, interoperability, credibility, and traceability of containment measures. The proposed approach not only provides a supplemental mechanism for manual control measures but also addresses the partial failures of pandemic management tools in the abovementioned facets.
The QR tool has been formally deployed in Fujian, a province located in southeast China that has a population of nearly 40 million people. All individuals aged ≥3 years were officially requested to present their QR code during daily public activities, such as when using public transportation systems, working at institutions, and entering or exiting schools.
The deployment of this approach has achieved sizeable containment effects and played remarkable roles in shifting the negative gross domestic product (–6.8%) to a positive value by July 2020. The number of cumulative patients with COVID-19 in this setting was confined to 363, of whom 361 had recovered (recovery rate 99.4%) as of July 12, 2020. A simulation showed that if only partial measures of the framework were followed, the number of cumulative cases of COVID-19 could potentially increase ten-fold. This approach can serve as a reliable solution to counteract the emergency of a public health crisis; as a routine tool to enhance the level of public health; to accelerate the recovery of social activities; to assist decision making for policy makers; and as a sustainable measure that enables scalability.
Notes From the Field: Use of Emergency Medical Service Data to Augment COVID-19 Public Health Surveillance in Montgomery County, Maryland, From March to June 2020 (Preprint)
Authors: Sayers David R , Hulse Scott T , Webber Bryant J , Burns Timothy A , Denicoff Anne L
Published: July 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Epidemiologic and syndromic surveillance metrics traditionally used by public health departments can be enhanced to better predict hospitalization for coronavirus disease (COVID-19). In Montgomery County, Maryland, measurements of oxygen saturation (SpO2) by pulse oximetry obtained by the emergency medical service (EMS) were added to these traditional metrics to enhance the public health picture for decision makers. During a 78-day period, the rolling 7-day average of the percentage of EMS patients with SpO2 <94% had a stronger correlation with next-day hospital bed occupancy (Spearman ρ=0.58, 95% CI 0.40-0.71) than either the rolling 7-day average of the percentage of positive tests (ρ=0.55, 95% CI: 0.37-0.69) or the rolling 7-day average of the percentage of emergency department visits for COVID-19–like illness (ρ=0.49, 95% CI: 0.30-0.64). Health departments should consider adding EMS data to augment COVID-19 surveillance and thus improve resource allocation.
Clinical Genetic Screening in Adult Patients with Kidney Disease
Authors: Cocchi Enrico , Nestor Jordan Gabriela , Gharavi Ali G.
Published: July 2020

Expanded accessibility of genetic sequencing technologies, such as chromosomal microarray and massively parallel sequencing approaches, is changing the management of hereditary kidney diseases. Genetic causes account for a substantial proportion of pediatric kidney disease cases, and with increased utilization of diagnostic genetic testing in nephrology, they are now also detected at appreciable frequencies in adult populations. Establishing a molecular diagnosis can have many potential benefits for patient care, such as guiding treatment, familial testing, and providing deeper insights on the molecular pathogenesis of kidney diseases. Today, with wider clinical use of genetic testing as part of the diagnostic evaluation, nephrologists have the challenging task of selecting the most suitable genetic test for each patient, and then applying the results into the appropriate clinical contexts. This review is intended to familiarize nephrologists with the various technical, logistical, and ethical considerations accompanying the increasing utilization of genetic testing in nephrology care.
COMPARISON OF EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF NEWER DRUGS APPROVED FOR THE TREATMENT OF MIGRAINE DISORDER: A REVIEW
Authors: SIVANANDY PALANISAMY , ROSMAN AIDIL NATASHA , SHAPHERI AINAA DIYANA , CHEW TENG TENG , LAU NATALIE JIA XIN , YEONG MICHELLE ZI YIN , ONG MICHELLA , MEETOOA BIBI MUNIIRAH UMMEH HAANI , NG ELAINE , KRISHNASAMY KARTHIKAYINI , GOVINDARAJAN ARULKUMARAN , SHANMUGASUNDARAM AKILA
Published: July 2020

Migraine is a recurrent throbbing or pulsing headache with moderate to severe pain intensity. The pain is often one side of the head with nausea and weakness symptoms. Around 12 percent of Americans, 9 percent of Asians experiences migraine and the prevalence is highest among South Koreans (22.3%). The outcome of chronic migraine treatment can be quite disheartening, causing patients to feel out of options who have tried multiple treatments with no results. Poor efficacy, tolerability and safety of migraine preventive therapy in clinical practice lead to poor compliance and failure of therapy. The mean change in number or frequency of headache is considered as the outcome measure of migraine prevention therapy. Upon comparing all migraine prevention therapy, the Fremanezumab, Eptinezumab, Galcanezumab and Erenumab were considered as the front runner in controlling the severity and frequency of migraine. Among these drugs, Erenumab was most effective in controlling the frequency of migraine episodes as it produces more than 50 percent reduction in the mean number of monthly migraine days (MMD) over week 9-week 12. In addition to drug therapy, adequate rest, balanced diet, yoga and meditation will help patients to get rid of migraine severity. A multi-dimensional approach is essential for better control over migraine symptoms.
MODELING AND STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE ENZYME OF FISHES
Authors: PRAKASIA PRESSY P.
Published: July 2020

Objective: Computational studies on fish brain acetylcholinesterase were conducted, expanding our views and for a deeper understanding of the activity of the fish acetylcholinesterase enzyme.

Methods: Physico-chemical properties of the fish acetylcholinesterase enzyme were studied. Homology model of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme was predicted, validated its quality and active sites were predicted. The amino acid frequency in the active sites was also compared. Similarly, the secondary structure of the sequences was predicted and compared. Phylogenetic analysis was performed by the neighbour joining tree method.

Results: Among the selected fish species stability of acetylcholinesterase was found in fish species namely Esox lucius. The negative GRAVY score value of enzyme in all the fish species ensured better interaction and activity in the aqueous phase. It was found that the molecular weight of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme ranged between 9113 and 15991 Da. Iso-electric (pI) of acetylcholinesterase was found to be acidic in nature. GOR IV was used to predict the secondary structure of acetylcholinesterase, which showed that random coil was dominated. Neighbor joining tree of the enzyme showed that fish species named Amphiprion ocellaris as the most divergent species, while the species Oreochromis niloticus is the most primitive one.

Conclusion: Acetlycholinesterase enzyme of Esox lucius was found to be the best compared to the other species, which possess a high number of active sites with Ile, Set and Glu rich active sites.
Gestão pública em odontologia dificuldades e perspectivas
Authors: Kasper Elisabete
Published: July 2020

O estudo aborda a gestão pública em Odontologia focalizando suas dificuldades e perspectivas. Tem por objetivo identificar e descrever a existência ou não de dificuldades e ainda as perspectivas para promover o exercício da referida gestão. Trata-se de uma investigação de caráter descritivo qualitativo. Contou com a colaboração de 10 participantes — gestores da odontologia — em exercício, em Porto Alegre e municípios vizinhos. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas. Foi utilizado como método de análise , a análise de conteúdo tipo temática que foi validada pela técnica da triangulação, própria para estudos qualitativos. O estudo conclui que as dificuldades dos gestores relacionam-se com os aspectos jurídico / administrativo, ideológico / conceitual e no tipo de prática de saúde do Sistema Único de Saúde. Os gestores são otimistas quanto as perspectivas do S.U.S. e há disposição para acertar e bem conduzir a função de gestor. A pesquisa revela a necessidade de oferecer capacitação ao recurso humano do setor público, em especial aos gestores. Neste sentido o "locus pedagógico" de sua formação e o próprio município.
Manifestações orais das doenças sexualmente transmissíveis
Authors: Carvalho Alessandra , Micaeli Costa Ferreira Ana , Neves Jerlúcia , Carneiro Leão Jair
Published: July 2020

O objetivo do presente artigo é descrever a importância da prevenção das doenças sexualmente transmissíveis, através de uma revisão de literatura que elucida os principais aspectos clínicos, meios de diagnóstico e tratamento dessas doenças, que freqüentemente têm manifestações, incluindo as primárias, na cavidade oral.
Efeito da temperatura, luminosidade e forma de armazenamento na estabilidade da solução de hipoclorito de sódio a 1%
Authors: Reis Só Marcus Vinícius , Muniz Couto Cíntia , Limongi Orlando , Poli de Figueiredo José Antônio
Published: July 2020

Com o propósito de verificar a estabilidade da solução de hipoclorito de sódio a 1% frente à interferência de fatores como temperatura, luminosidade e forma de armazenamento foram elaboradas 6 amostras da mesma. Cinco delas foram estocadas em vidro âmbar, uma em frasco plástico e posteriormente colocadas em diferentes locais para que se pudesse avaliar isoladamente a interferência de cada um dos fatores citados. O aumento da temperatura proporcionou maiores variações no teor de cloro ativo da solução de hipoclorito de sódio. A presença de luminosidade e a forma de armazenamento não influíram de forma significativa na diminuição do teor de cloro ativo da solução de hipoclorito de sódio.
FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES PARA O ENSINO DAS RELAÇÕES ÉTNICO RACIAIS: UM ESTUDO COMPARATIVO ENTRE PUBLICAÇÕES CIENTÍFICAS NO PARÁ (INDÍGENA) E NA BAHIA (AFRODESCENDENTE)
Authors: Do Amarante Karolina Carvalho , Rodrigues Gilberto César Lopes
Published: July 2020

O presente estudo tem como tema a formação de professores para o ensino das relações étnico-raciais. A pesquisa foi motivada pela intenção de comparar a produção científica sobre o tema em duas regiões diferentes geográfica e etnicamente, sendo uma predominantemente indígena e, a outra, afrodescendente, na perspectiva de desvelar o que publicações acadêmicas dessas regiões examinam e sugerem sobre a formação de professores no campo das relações étnico-raciais. A questão norteadora foi: o que revistas acadêmicas de educação na área de formação de professores para as relações étnico-raciais publicam em regiões de presença predominantemente de afrodescendentes e o que publicam em regiões predominantemente indígenas. O que são examinados e sugeridos para essa formação? Escolheu-se as regiões de Santarém-PÁ e Vitória da Conquista-BA por reunirem grande número de grupos étnicos indígenas e quilombolas, respectivamente, e revistas acadêmicas na área da educação em universidades locais (Exitus – UFOPA e Práxis Educacional – UESB). Trata-se de uma pesquisa de exploração bibliográfica cujo levantamento dos dados consistiu na busca das produções científicas nas revistas no período entre 2011 a 2020 centrados nos marcadores “formação de professores” e “relações étnico-raciais”. Inferimos que predominantemente as produções encontradas abordam a adequação curricular para o ensino das relações étnico-raciais para a implementação das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para a Educação das Relações Étnico-Raciais à luz da Lei nº10.639/03, nenhuma sugere técnicas ou métodos para a formação e todas produções abordavam afrodescendentes.
O COTIDIANO LÚDICO DOS ENGRAXATES PAULISTANOS
Authors: Santos André Augusto De Oliveira , De Moraes José Geraldo Vinci
Published: July 2020

Desde o século XIX, engraxates ambulantes ocupam as ruas paulistanas para o trabalho e também para a diversão, com brincadeiras e jogos entre um cliente e outro ou após o expediente mais agitado. No início do século XX, os garotos faziam uso de diversos espaços públicos da cidade, como a Praça da Sé e o Largo do Correio, lidando diariamente com a repressão dos órgãos públicos, já que o ofício foi proibido de ser exercido nas ruas em 1901. Ao longo da década de quarenta, o jogo de bola de gude perdeu espaço para uma outra forma de divertimento, a música. A batucada dos engraxates transformava seus próprios instrumentos de trabalho em instrumentos musicais. Hoje, engraxates ambulantes ainda persistem na região central da cidade e em bairros mais distantes, como a região do aeroporto de Congonhas, e seguem colorindo o cotidiano laborioso com brincadeiras e música. A partir de pesquisas em periódicos, fotografias, documentos policiais e sonoros, o artigo identifica e descreve como acontecia no passado e como ocorre ainda hoje o uso dos espaços públicos pelos engraxates paulistanos, assim como seus divertimentos e estratégias para sobreviverem no contexto disputado e violento da cidade.
Exchange rate modelling in the development community using the ARDL cointegration approach: The case of emerging markets
Authors: Aljandali Abdulkader , Kallandranis Christos
Published: July 2020

Despite rising interest in African economies, there is little prior research on the determinants of exchange rate movements in the region. This paper examines the monthly exchange rates of the country members of the Southern African Development Community (SADC) from 1990 to 2010 inclusive. Long-run equilibrium exchange rate models are established, exchange rate determinants are identified, and ex-post forecasts are generated for a period of 18 months (Sekantsi, 2011). The autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) cointegration model is used in this paper, given its statistical advantages over commonly, applied cointegration techniques. Findings show that the ARDL method generates accurate forecasts for eight out of 11 sampled exchange rates. In keeping with earlier literature (e.g., Redda & Muzindusti, 2017; Zerihun & Breitenbach, 2017; etc.), findings suggest that the chances of SADC member countries fulfilling the requirements of a currency union are quite low. This paper marks one of the first attempts in the literature to forecast exchange rates in SADC using the ARDL approach (Pesaran & Shin, 1995). The results would be of interest to policy-makers, researchers and investors.
Invertebrate settlement and diversity on a glass sponge reef
Authors: Archer Stephanie K. , Dennison Glen , Tryon Lora , Byers Sheila , Dunham Anya
Published: July 2020

Glass sponge reefs are an ecosystem unique to the continental shelf of the northeast Pacific Ocean. Due to their vulnerability and limited distribution, several sponge reef protection initiatives exist within Canadian waters with the common goal of conserving biodiversity. To date, the biodiversity associated with sponge reefs has largely been assessed using remote video methods that allow us to describe large fauna associated with the reefs. However, small organisms are typically missed, resulting in an underestimate of reef-associated biodiversity. In this study we aimed to further describe invertebrate biodiversity associated with sponge reefs. Sponge reefs recently discovered in Howe Sound, British Columbia are within safe recreational SCUBA diving limits allowing us to examine macrofaunal settlement timing and community structure using diver-deployed settlement plates. We examined the effect of settlement plate material and elevation above the benthos within the reef on invertebrate community structure. A total of 70 taxa settled on the plates representing 10 phyla, including two phyla not previously described on sponge reefs: Nemertea (ribbon worms) and Platyhelminthes (flatworms). There were no significant differences in taxa richness, diversity, or community structure associated with settlement plate material or height above the benthos. Ours is the first report of invertebrate settlement on a sponge reef in the Salish Sea and the first description of larval settlement timing for nine invertebrate species in the northeast Pacific.
Influenza Vaccination is Associated with Reduced Cardiovascular Mortality in Adults with Diabetes. A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Modin Daniel , Claggett Brian , Køber Lars , Schou Morten , Jensen Jens Ulrik Stæhr , Solomon Scott D. , Vardeny Orly , Knop Filip Krag , Nielsen Susanne Dam , Fralick Michael , Torp-Pedersen Christian , Gislason Gunnar , Biering-Sørensen Tor
Published: July 2020

Background: Recent influenza infection is associated with
an increased risk of atherothrombotic events, including acute myocardial
infarction (AMI) and stroke. Little is known about the association between
influenza vaccination and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with diabetes
mellitus (DM).

Methods: We used nationwide register data to identify DM patients in Denmark during
9 consecutive influenza seasons in the period 2007-2016. DM was defined as use
of glucose-lowering medication. Patients who were not 18-100 years old or had
ischemic heart disease, heart failure, chronic obstructive lung disease, cancer
or cerebrovascular disease were excluded. Patient exposure to influenza
vaccination was assessed prior to each influenza season. We considered outcomes
death from all causes, from cardiovascular causes and death from AMI or stroke.
For each season, patients were followed from December 1 until April 1 the next
year.

Results: A total of 241,551 Patients were
followed for a median of 4 seasons (interquartile range: 2-8 seasons) for a
total follow-up of 425,318 person-years. The vaccine coverage during study
seasons ranged from 24% to 36%. During follow-up, 8,207 patients died of
all-causes (3.4%), 4,127 patients died of cardiovascular causes (1.7%)
and 1,439 patients died of AMI/stroke (0.6%). After adjustment for confounders, vaccination was
significantly associated with reduced risks of all-cause death (HR 0.83,
p<0.001), cardiovascular death (HR 0.84, p<0.001), death from AMI or stroke
(HR 0.85, p=0.028) and a reduced risk of being admitted to hospital with acute
complications associated with DM (diabetic ketoacidosis, hypoglycemia or coma)
(HR 0.89, p=0.006).

Conclusion: In patients with
DM, influenza vaccination was associated with a reduced risk of death,
cardiovascular death and death from AMI or stroke. Influenza vaccination may
improve outcome in patients with DM.
DW14006 as a direct AMPKα activator ameliorates diabetic peripheral neuropathy in mice
Authors: Admin Ada , Xu Xu , Wang Wei , Wang Zhengyu , Lv Jianlu , Xu Xiaoju , Xu Jiawen , Yang Juanzhen , Zhu Xialin , Lu Yin , Duan Wenhu , Huang Xi , Wang Jiaying , Zhou Jinpei , Shen Xu
Published: July 2020

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a long-term complication of diabetes with a
complicated pathogenesis. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) senses
oxidative stress and mitochondrial
function playing a central role in the regulation of DPN. Here, we
reported that DW14006 (2-(3-(7-chloro-6-(2'-hydroxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinolin-3-yl)phenyl)acetic
acid) as a direct AMPKα activator efficiently
ameliorated DPN in both streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 and BKS db/db type 2 diabetic mice.
DW14006
administration highly enhanced neurite outgrowth of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neuron and improved neurological
function in diabetic mice. The underlying mechanisms have been
intensively investigated. DW14006 treatment improved mitochondrial bioenergetics profiles and restrained oxidative
stress and inflammation in diabetic mice by targeting AMPKa, which has been verified by assay against
the STZ-induced diabetic mice injected with adeno associated virus AAV8-AMPKa-RNAi. To our knowledge, our work might be
the first report on the amelioration of direct AMPKa activator on DPN by
counteracting multiple risk factors including mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and
inflammation, and DW14006 has been highlighted as a potential leading
compound in the treatment of DPN.
Pengaruh Kebijakan Investasi, Kebijakan Pendanaan, Kebijakan Dividen Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan (Studi Kasus Pada Perusahaan BUMN Non Keuangan)
Authors: Syahri Alfi , Robiyanto Robiyanto
Published: July 2020

This study aims to analyze the effect of financial policy consisting of investment policies proxied by Total Asset Growth (TAG) and Market Book to Asset (MBAR), funding policies proxied by Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) and dividend policies proxied by the Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR) on the value of companies proxied by Price to Earning Ratio (PER) and Price to Book Value (PBV). The research method used in this study is panel regression analysis. Furthermore, the data in this study presented as quantitative data. The data is taken from secondary data in the form of panel data listed from 2015 to 2018 research periods. The findings showed that financial policy has a significant impact on firm value.
The Use of Pepaccur Local Wisdom for Indonesian Literary Teaching Materials
Authors: Fuad Muhammad , Efendi Anwar , Muhammad Ulul Azmi
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe cultural diversity that exists in various regions in Indonesia produces a lot of potential for local wisdom and tradition. Various Indonesian local wisdom has been used as teaching material in the classroom. However, pepaccur local wisdom is still rarely known and used as teaching material. Therefore it is a novelty to turn pepaccur local wisdom into Indonesian literary teaching materials. This study aims to investigate the properness of pepaccur local wisdom for Indonesian literary teaching materials. The qualitative approach used in this study is characterized by collecting data through interviews, observation, recording and book review, and other sources related to pepaccur local wisdom. Content analyses were also used in analyzing the collected data. The results of this study are in the form of pepaccur presentations that are appropriate to be used as teaching materials for Indonesia language and literature based on the characteristics of the functions and values of local wisdom contained in them. Values contained in pepaccur such as religion, simplicity, cooperation, and politeness can be a reference in behaving in the community and this integration can be an effort to preserve local wisdom that has begun to be abandoned by the Lampung community. Implications from this study, through pepaccur-based teaching materials, students can learn to live a simple life, have a community with mutual help and respect, and learn poetic arts to provide entertainment and advice.