bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disability, Health Status, and Utilization of Health Services
Authors: Nagi Saad Z. , Marsh Judith
Published: May 2005

Change in the patterns of utilization of services is an important indicator of the influence of policies and programs concerning health care. This paper focuses on these patterns as revealed in a survey of a probability sample of the U.S. adult population conducted in 1972. The analysis sought to assess the influence of a number of health dimensions, as well as economic and sociodemographic characteristics, on utilization. Coverage through insurance or other payment plans constituted one of the independent factors in the analysis. The dimensions of health included indicators of disabilities in work and independent living, limitations in physical and emotional performance, and the existence and severity of pathology and impairment. A discriminant analysis was employed to assess the relative importance of these variables in their influence upon the utilization of services. Finally, the paper presents information about unmet needs for care.
Children's Attentional Involvement and Distractibility during Educational Computer Interactions
Authors: Calvert Sandra L.
Published: May 2005

Children's duration of attention to computer programs versus a television program was examined for two grades: kindergarten and third. Twenty-four children, equally distributed by grade and gender, participated individually in a twenty-seven minute session where they could interact with six familiar computer packages. A television program was played as a distractor task. Both age groups attended longer to the computer than to the television program. However, older children attended to the computer more than did the younger children who, in turn, were more distracted by the television program. There were no gender differences in attentional patterns. The results suggest that educational computer software provides an attractive alternative to television viewing and that attentional patterns to computer programs both increase and are more resistant to distraction with development.
Psychopharmacology in Psychiatric Emergencies
Authors: Extein Irl
Published: May 2005

Pharmacotherapy is crucial to the emergency psychiatric treatment of patients who are out of control in a variety of psychiatric and medical disorders. The time required for the more definitive pharmacological treatment of the major psychiatric syndromes is such that they can at best be only started in the emergency setting. The emergency treatment of patients who are severely agitated, violent, or psychotic is based on the IM administration of antipsychotic medications, such as haloperidol. In conjunction with psychological support this can provide effective, safe, and humane treatment. Sedative-hypnotics, such as diazepam, can be helpful for less severe anxiety states. This article focused on clinical and pharmacokinetic principles of the use of these medications, the understanding of which can help maximize their effective use in emergencies. Topics which are emphasized include sedative, antipsychotic and disinhibiting effects, side effects, absorption after oral and IM administration, and the concepts of steady-state kinetics and the “loading dose.”
The Possibilities and Usefulness of Defining Optimum Population Levels
Authors: Singer S. Fred
Published: May 2005

The problem of “optimum population” involves maximizing a certain function of population level, distribution, and rate of growth. This paper describes a methodology developed to tackle this problem, as well as a demographic-economic model suitable for simulation purposes, developed specifically for the United States and for a time frame of several decades. This model calculates a “per capita welfare index” as a function of various demographic and economic parameters, making allowances for quantities not normally counted in the gross national product, such as household production and the value of leisure time; but disallowing the costs which arise from resource scarcities, urban disamenities, and the need for increased pollution control. In its simplest application, the model can be used to answer the question “Have we become better off or worse off as our economy and population have grown?” Aside from this historical investigation, it is of course possible to do simulation analyses and to evaluate the probable effects of specific policies on the future welfare of the population.
International Comparisons of Physicians' Salaries
Authors: Leigh J. Paul
Published: May 2005

Data from recent international publications are used to analyze physician incomes across countries. U.S. incomes are the highest among 14 countries, even after adjusting for the average standard of living within each country.
Perceptions of Neonatal Tetanus and Immunization during Pregnancy: A Report of Focus Group Discussions in Kaduna, Nigeria
Authors: Dickin Katherine L. , Binchan Rabi K. , Purdue Salamatu E. , Obinya Esther A.
Published: May 2005

Focus group discussions were held with mothers in Kaduna, Nigeria, to investigate health practices during pregnancy and childbirth and perceptions of neonatal tetanus (NNT) and tetanus toxoid (TT) immunization. Mothers' responses indicated that while home births and traditional practices still predominate, health clinics are regarded as useful sources of health services and information during pregnancy or ill health. However, there is little recognition of the symptoms and causation of NNT; immunizations during pregnancy are reportedly associated with family planning and are therefore avoided. Group discussions conducted with traditional birth attendants and health clinic staff confirmed these findings. Recommendations are made for improving acceptance of tetanus toxoid immunizations.
Motherhood by Death among the Bororo Indians of Brazil
Authors: Levak Milena Maselli
Published: May 2005

The institution of “motherhood by death,” which provides the dying with a “mother” at their death-bed and the bereaved with substitute “children,” represents the most crucial part of the Bororo funeral ceremonies. The paper looks at the meaning of this ritual motherhood, its symbolism, and its function at the individual and social level.
Gender Differences in Physical Health and Psychosocial Well Being among Four Age-Groups of Elderly People in Israel
Authors: Carmel Sara , Bernstein Judith H.
Published: May 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent to which the well-established gender differences in physical and psychosocial well being in adulthood persist throughout different age groups of elderly persons, in order to support one of two opposing hypotheses: the convergence and divergence hypotheses. Data were collected by structured interviews from a random sample of 987 Israeli elderly (70+) in 1994. They were divided into four age groups for analysis: 70–74, 75–79, 80–84, and 85 and over. Findings indicate that in nearly every gender comparison by age, women score lower than men on indicators of physical and psychosocial well being, and in both genders increasing limitations on activities of daily living (ADL) were noticed. However, on all measures of physical health, except for ADL, the male advantage declines in the older age groups. This pattern is even stronger for the psychosocial indicators of well being, where no significant gender differences are found between the oldest groups. The trend of convergence among men and women thus occurs mainly in the age group of 85+. The results of multivariate analyses indicate that the sense of control of one's life is an important explanatory variable of satisfaction with life for men but not for women. The significant decline in the sense of control of men, aged 85 and over, is one of the main reasons for the more significant decline found in men's psychosocial well being in comparison to women. Our findings indicate that decline in health status, and other losses experienced with aging, affect more significantly men's sense of control over life, and therefore have a more deleterious effect on the psychosocial well being of men than on that of women. This conclusion, however, has to be supported by longitudinal studies.
Pheochromocytoma Presenting as Exacerbation of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptomology
Authors: Lambert Michael T.
Published: May 2005

Objective:

The following case report and discussion is intended to increase awareness of the difficulties in diagnosing pheochromocytoma when a primary psychiatric diagnosis is first suspected.

Method:

The case of a middle-aged combat veteran who was admitted with agitation and flashbacks is presented. Episodes of hypertension were initially believed to be related to agitation or alcohol withdrawal. When the hypertensive episodes persisted, further evaluation revealed a pheochromocytoma. In three years' follow-up since removal of the tumor, the patient has shown considerable improvement in the symptoms of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).

Conclusions:

Pheochromocytoma should be considered in patients with psychiatric disorders if a pattern of hypertensive episodes persists or worsens. The case highlights the importance of medical evaluation in patients presenting with psychiatric complaints.
Examination and Distribution of Woodland Period Sites along the Twin Creek Drainage in Southwestern Ohio
Authors: Keener Craig S. , Biehl Stephen M.
Published: May 2005

Over the past 160 years Woodland period earthworks and mounds along the main valleys of the Great and Little Miami rivers in southwestern Ohio have received considerable archaeological attention in contrast to those along the secondary tributaries of these drainages. This study examines Twin Creek, a secondary tributary of the Great Miami River, in an attempt to synthesize existing information on Woodland period archaeological sites located on this drainage. Of interest is whether earthworks and mounds form clusters at regularly spaced intervals from one another and/or at certain topographical situations. Major Woodland period sites identified by investigators in the nineteenth and early twentieth century are reexamined to see whether these sites still exist, and if so, how they have been impacted by historic disturbances over the past 200 years. In addition, the results of recent fieldwork and survey on Woodland period sites along Twin Creek are presented.
Functional Teaching: Using Obsolescence to Teach Definition
Authors: Smith Robert E.
Published: May 2005

The student new to technical writing frequently has difficulty, on two counts, with technical definitions: grasping their essentiality and learning how to create them; matters are not made easier by some of the ways in which we approach the subject. Exercises centered around a term that is lapsing into obsolescence offer some productive solutions to this common instructional problem, particularly so if the term is even indirectly related to the student's field.
Observations on Patient and Family Coping with Huntington's Disease
Authors: Falek Arthur
Published: May 2005

Huntington's Desease, a presenile neuropsychiatric disorder, with onset usually in middle age, is a degenerative terminal illness clinically identifiable approximately a decade and one half prior to death. As Huntington's Disease is an autosomal dominantly inherited disorder, the diagnosis in a family member has implications for the siblings and offspring of the affected individual. No definitive method for the preclinical detection of the carriers of the mutant gene is known. The consequences of this diagnosis on the quality of life for the clinically normal potential carriers of this disorder is discussed. The significance of genetic counseling and in particular a description of the phases in psychological coping is presented to enable informed decision making by family members.
Treatments for Depression: Wisdom Imparted from Treatments Discarded
Authors: Overholser James C.
Published: May 2005

Many different forms of treatment have been used with patients suffering from depression. It can be difficult to examine current treatments and anticipate problems, mistakes, and limitations. However, a historical perspective allows an appreciation of the strengths and limitations of older treatments, and sheds light on current strategies. A variety of effective treatments have been discarded and forgotten. Important lessons can be learned by reviewing the history of treatments for depression. Many treatment strategies were based on accidental discovery, but nonetheless were found effective in reducing the symptoms of depression. Both case examples and group studies have documented the effectiveness of these older treatments. A review of discarded treatments reveals how a biological model can be limited in its ability to produce a lasting cure. Caution and skepticism are encouraged when innovative treatments are proposed.
Lateral Eye Movements and Dream Recall in Males: A Re-Appraisal
Authors: LeBoeuf Alan , McKay Patricia , Clarke Keith
Published: May 2005

A previous investigation by Van Nuy's suggested that individuals who typically make left eye movements when reflecting upon thought-provoking questions tended to report higher dream recall than right movers. The present study was designed to reappraise this relationship and also to investigate whether there are qualitative differences in the dream content of left and right movers. Subjects in the present study were identified as displaying predominantly left or right eye movements to thought-provoking questions and then asked to keep a dream diary for a ten-day period. The results indicated that contrary to Van Nuy's study, there was no difference in the number of dreams recalled by either group. However, the results demonstrated that left movers were more likely to report bizarre, vivid and affect-laden dreams than were right movers.
Computerized Instruction of Word Discriminations with Retarded Children: An Examination of Two Whole-Word Fading Procedures
Authors: Brewer Neil , White Jason M. , Brand Linda
Published: May 2005

The study evaluated the effectiveness of computerized instruction which incorporated errorless discrimination learning principles for teaching functional word discriminations to mentally retarded young children. Three aspects of performance were examined: acquisition of discriminations, transfer beyond the computer, and identification of the discriminative stimuli controlling responding. Two whole-word fading procedures, one with and one without distinctive feature emphasis produced virtually errorless acquisition of male-female and ladies-gents discriminations. While acquisition was superior with the distinctive feature procedure, transfer was more impressive following the other procedure. Probe tests showed that, for 79 percent of the discriminations learned, stimulus control extended beyond the first letter of the word; for 36 percent, control was sufficiently broad to allow children to discriminate very similar words.
Bimodal Consciousness: Psychological States and Writer's Block in the Technical Writing Classroom
Authors: Levy Beverly Sauer
Published: May 2005

Despite the fact that technical writers try to maintain an objective outlook, they cannot ignore the psychological states of consciousness that influence their writing. Arthur J. Deikman's theory of bimodal consciousness outlines two psychological states: active and emotive (or receptive). Writers must maintain a balance between the receptive state and the active, striving state to prevent writer's block and to enhance creativity, just as scientists balance mathematical (i.e., lexical or verbal) thinking with physics-related thinking. This article describes Deikman's model and shows its application in the technical writing classroom.
Older Women's Development: A Comparison of Women in Their 60s and 80s on a Measure of Erikson's Developmental Tasks
Authors: Norman Suzanne M. , McCluskey-Fawcett Kathleen , Ashcraft Lisa
Published: May 2005

This study compared older women from two age groups in order to refine and extend our understanding of women's development across the life span. Forty-one women from two cohorts aged 60 to 70 and 80 to 90 completed the Measures of Psychosocial Development (MPD), a quantitative measure of Erikson's developmental stages. Age group differences in the resolution of Erikson's identity and trust developmental tasks were found. In addition, these two groups differed on the three summary scales: totals across the positive subscales, negative subscales, and resolution subscales respectively. Implications for women's late life development and possible interventions are discussed.
A Cost Analysis of Instructional Television in Hagerstown
Authors: Wells Stuart , Klees Steven
Published: May 2005

The length of the Hagerstown project allows for a detailed analysis of actual project costs. In this paper we have presented methodologies for estimating cost functions and for analyzing the time structure of costs and utilization. Instructional technology projects tend to be front-loaded in terms of costs. Yet average costs remain high in Hagerstown ($50 per student and $.44 per student-hour) due to a stable number of students, increasing costs for production, and decreasing hourly utilization. We compare the costs of the system with other ITV projects and with potential alternatives to the ITV system in Hagerstown.
Death and the Child: An Anterospective Test of the Childhood Bereavement and Later Behavior Disorder Hypothesis
Authors: Bendiksen Robert , Fulton Robert
Published: May 2005

Does parental loss through death in childhood have a long-term effect on a person, or is the experience generally normalized in a relatively short period of time? Our anterospective identification of a thirty-three year old cohort and the comparative analysis of behavioral and attitudinal data indicates that there are differential consequences in early middle age, but that differences are not as great nor in the direction suggested by previous studies. In particular, the interaction of childhood divorce experience and bereavement emerged as an important sociological pattern.
A Discussion of Avery Weisman's Notion of Appropriate Death
Authors: Stephen Donna L.
Published: May 2005

This article traces uses of the term “appropriate death,” as introduced by Avery Weisman in 1970, and some of the term's philosophic difficulties. It is concluded that “appropriate death” has been used to refer to a clustering of three components: 1) consistency in functioning; 2) idiosyncratic views of appropriate; and 3) features which contribute toward a better death. It is then argued that the core concept-the one which gives the term special usefulness-is an emphasis on the idiosyncratic. Comments concerning theoretical implications of “appropriate dying” are discussed relative to the concepts of living will and euthanasia.
Emergency Psychiatric Consultation: A Case Report
Authors: Schneeweiss Daniel , Streltzer Jon
Published: May 2005

Emergency psychiatric consultations present with unique and dramatic difficulties. A case is presented of a young male with multiple fractures, whose poor relationship with nursing staff and physicians led to inordinate difficulties with his case. After four weeks of hospitalization, a crisis emerged following an episode where the patient spit on a nurse and had a physical altercation with his surgeon. The surgeon refused to see the patient any longer; the nurses threatened to resign in preference to caring for the patient; and the patient insisted on leaving the hospital. Yet, his medical condition made that impossible. Emergency psychiatric consultation was requested. The consultant took control of the situation resulting in a sudden dramatic behavioral change on the part of the patient. This change was sustained during the rest of the hospital course, which proceeded smoothly. Emergency psychiatric consultations occur under certain very difficult circumstances but they can provide great therapeutic opportunities.
Education for Professional Technical Communicators
Authors: Kirkman John
Published: May 2005

Professional technical communicators need to be “engineers plus.” In the United Kingdom, the plus is added in short courses after full engineering education.

Developing the plus requires more than just training in grammar, graphics, and layout; it calls for programs which will develop the personal attributes communicators need in order to cope with the constraints with which they have to work.
The Psychiatric Consultation Patient
Authors: Schwab John J. , Kuch Helga
Published: May 2005

Growing numbers of psychiatric services in general hospitals emphasize the importance of psychiatric consultation as part of comprehensive medical care. The literature supports the high prevalence rate of emotional distress in general medical and surgical patients. This paper underscores the need for appropriate selection of patients for consultation, and the means of referral. The psychiatrist is faced with the important challenge of bringing the humanizing force of consultation to forms of medical treatment which are becoming increasingly technological.
Suicide and Fatal Accidents in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Schwartz Melvin L. , Pierron Margaret
Published: May 2005

Certificates of 408 deaths listing multiple sclerosis as cause were analyzed for co-existence of suicide and fatal accidents. Four suicides occurred, all in females, ages 30 to 49. Four of an additional six accidental deaths were related to heat, smoke, burns or fire. In addition to identifying the high risk group, hypothetical correlations between neurological symptoms in MS and life-threatening behaviors were drawn as a prediction schema for suicidal behavior in other neurologic diseases.
Binary Dragons: Issues Involving the Transfer of Computer Technology to the People's Republic of China
Authors: LeMon Richard E.
Published: May 2005

China is different from other developing countries in that it is a socialist country with a unique and long-standing heritage that sees things in its own way. A number of culturally related problems may prevent computer technology transfer from being easily accomplished. These include the extent to which the Chinese language can easily be accepted into the contexts of computerization, cultural attitudes toward speed, the protection of cultural identity, the extent to which knowledge of new technologies will create social gaps, and the sorting out of the “political correctness” of technology in regard to the promise of informational freedom.
United States Accused of Sabotaging Obesity Strategy
Authors: Boseley Sarah , McMahon Jean
Published: May 2005

In early 2004, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services disputed some of the scientific evidence underlying the World Health Organization's proposals for curbing obesity. Critics of the DHHS position suggest that it puts the interests of the junk food industry ahead of people's health.
Denial: Predictor of Outcome following Coronary Bypass Surgery
Authors: Folks David G. , Freeman Arthur M. , Sokol Roberta S. , Thurstin A. Hal
Published: May 2005

Using a modified version of the Hackett-Cassem denial scale we measured preoperative denial in 121 patients scheduled for CABG surgery. A significant inverse relationship was found between the denial scale and Hamilton Anxiety measures four days postoperatively ( p < .02). Longitudinal assessments were carried out using the Spielberger State Anxiety Inventory (SSAI), the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (Zung SDS) and the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale (PAIS). Six months following the surgery, significant negative relationships between denial and these self-report outcome measures were observed as follows: denial and SSAI ( p < .001), denial and Zung SDS ( p < .01), and denial and PAIS ( p < .01). However, the same analysis at twelve months showed no statistically significant correlations between denial and these psychologic outcome measures. Our findings suggest that denial serves as an adaptive mechanism, especially in the immediate postoperative period. Furthermore, higher levels of denial may be predictive of improved psychologic outcome for up to six months following surgery. Subsequently, however, other events, unrelated to the surgery, may be of greater importance than preoperative denial in determining psychological outcome from CABG surgery.
Perceiving Emotions from Facial Expressions in Paintings
Authors: Erdos George , Harvey Joan , Tan Ju-Lin
Published: May 2005

Based on previous research on emotion in facial expressions, this study explored the judgment of emotion in art. Ten, not particularly well known paintings were selected that included at least one prominent facial expression, and slides were made of the facial expressions alone and of the whole paintings. Eighty students (40 art and 40 non-art) were recruited. Participants viewed all face-only slides one at a time before the whole-picture slides were presented. For each slide, participants provided (a) emotion labels, (b) ratings of confidence in their judgments, and (c) intensity ratings. Almost all modal responses for emotion labels matched the predicted categories, but percentage agreement varied substantially across slides. As predicted, some significant increases in confidence ratings were found, but intensity ratings did not change significantly across conditions. Possible determinants of the judgment of emotion are discussed, and findings are also related to Gestalt psychology and art education.
An Historicodevelopmental Analysis of the Regressive Imagery Dictionary
Authors: Benjafield John , Muckenheim Ron
Published: May 2005

The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) is the standard reference work for determining the earliest known instance of the occurrence of a word (Date-of-Entry). Using the OED, we determined Date-of-Entry for the words which constitute the Regressive Imagery Dictionary (RID). Several of the categories have significantly different Dates-of-Entry. These differences can be interpreted by taking a developmental approach to the history of the language. From such an historicodevelopmental standpoint, the differences in Date-of-Entry between categories make perfectly good sense. These findings have implications for future studies of art history using the RID.
Chloroquine Induced Mania
Authors: Akhtar Sayeed , Mukherjee Sujoy
Published: May 2005

Objective:

To find out whether chloroquine by itself can induce a manic syndrome and to study the course of illness in such cases.

Method:

All cases of manic episodes occurring in clear consciousness were scrutinized and those occurring after the use of chloroquine were included in the study. One case seen by one of the authors in the community was included. The cases were followed for variable periods.

Result:

Six cases of chloroquine induced mania were identified of which two subtypes could be delineated with heterogeneous course, variable severity and difference in susceptibility of recurrence with rechallenge.

Conclusion:

It is concluded that chloroquine can cause secondary mania and it should be used cautiously in the predisposed.
Learning in Virtual Courses and its Relationship to Thinking Styles
Authors: Nachmias Rafi , Shany Nehama
Published: May 2005

This study examines students learning in virtual courses and the relationship between their performance and thinking styles. The research focused on two categories of dependent variables: the first consists of students' scholastic performance measured by grades, successful Web searches, completion of assignments, and the use of asynchronous communication channels. The second refers to the students' attitudes toward, and level of satisfaction with, virtual learning. Independent variables included six thinking styles (according to Sternberg's mental self-government theory): global, local, internal, external, liberal, and conservative styles, as well as gender and prior experience in information and communications technology (ICT). Participants were 110 eighth and ninth graders who were enrolled in a three-month virtual course on the retrieval and use of on-line information. The findings show considerable individual differences in student performance and attitudes. Prior experience with ICT was found as the major factor affecting the virtual learning, while gender, in this study, did not. Learners with liberal or internal thinking styles outperformed the other students in the course. The results suggest that though virtual courses provide opportunities for all learners, such opportunities may be greater for some learners than for others. These results are discussed in the context of equity and diversity in the classroom.
What is the Meaning of Death to the Dying Person and his Survivors?
Authors: Marcovitz Eli
Published: May 2005

Death is interpreted in many ways by the dying person and his family-as a deprivation, a threat, a punishment, etc. This article explores several sets of psychodynamics that are associated with the meanings we give to death. Particular attention is given to guilt, “identification with death,” the unconscious equation between dying and being devoured, and attitudes toward Heaven and Hell. Some implications for relating to the dying person are discussed.
Behavioral Objectives from Research to Reality
Authors: Lewis James M.
Published: May 2005

This article appeals for an empirical review of behavioral objectives to assist educational technology practitioners. This review process has intrinsic and extrinsic constraints — confusion in the literature, negative attitudes of the professionals, and disrespect by funding agencies. Nevertheless, the article lists six guidelines for the use of behavioral objectives. These may change as research evidence increases and different conclusions may be drawn. The article contends that a continuous review process is needed to modify traditional instructional design practices.
Technical Writing as Mapping Description onto Diagram: The Graphic Paradigms of Explanation
Authors: Herrstrom David Sten
Published: May 2005

Technical writing explains and, in contrast to other kinds of writing, insists on the visual. Explanation and visualization are mutually dependent, because explanation combines “description,” the observable facts, and “diagram,” the graphic paradigm of the relations that obtain among these facts. The technical writer's principal task, then, is to make explicit, by using appropriate spatial, temporal, and logical signals, one of three diagrams—schematic, flowchart, tree—that define the basic modes of explanation—object, process, and logical hierarchy. Where the novelist submerges the diagram in metaphoric layers, the technical writer strips them away and surfaces the diagram.
Mainframe Administered Drill and Practice Quizzes for Gerontology Classes
Authors: Morris David C.
Published: May 2005

The main focus of this article is the development of a CBE program for the administration of drill and practice quizzes in an introductory gerontology course. The programs are written in DEC's C.A.S. source language and are administered on the VAX 11/785 mainframe central processing unit. The program and its operations are described in detail. Those wishing to obtain copies of the program may directly contact the author.
Suicide in Third World Countries: The Case of Rural Ecuador
Authors: Tousignant Michel , Chela Transito
Published: May 2005

Suicide rates in Third World countries are usually very low in official records. This may be due to under-reporting or a low level of risk factors. Evidence concerning these two hypotheses is briefly reviewed. The second half of the article describes a key informant survey done in Ecuador that shows that the rate of suicide in a rural area of the Andes is much higher than what is usually reported for regions with similar characteristics. The age-adjusted rate is about 9 per 100,000 per annum over a period of twenty years. Suicide victims are predominantly young. Marital and family conflicts are the main provoking agents.
Self-Mutilation: Diagnosis and Practical Treatment
Authors: Van Moffaert Myriam M. M. P.
Published: May 2005

The management of self-inflicted lesions requires an understanding of the dynamics of the act of self-mutilation. The overview of practical techniques allows the non-psychiatrist physician to deal with self-inflicted disorders more effectively. The efficacy of behavioral and psychotherapeutic techniques is enhanced when combined with psychopharmaca.
Original Research Presented to the Ohio Association for College Admission Counseling Spring Workshop—April 1999
Authors: Wronkovich Michael , Murray Connie
Published: May 2005

The goal of this research was to determine the factors which effect the usage of collegiate Websites by high school counselors and their students. In setting up Website, college admission staffs face the daunting task of creating an attractive site while leading prospective students through the informational maze with the least resistance. The growing access to the World Wide Web in homes creates one natural access point for students. However, school counselors are frequently the gatekeepers through which students learn how-to use the career and collegiate tools at their command. To gather the information, a questionnaire was mailed to a random sampling of high school counselors in the state of Ohio. The questionnaire was aimed primarily at obtaining descriptive data from the schools. The data were then categorized and put into usable form for this report.
Where Techne Meets Poesis: Some Semiotic Considerations in the Rhetoric of Technical Discourse
Authors: Childs John Steven
Published: May 2005

Stylistic analysis of scientific and technical prose reveals that technical and non-technical expository prose share a number of common characteristics; consequently, common assumptions about a clear stylistic separation between scientific and literary writing are faulty. Technical prose, moreover, possesses a number of rhetorical features which further increase its likeness to literary writing. Both style and rhetoric of technical writing thus point toward non-referential functions in scientific discourse, including the operation of significant cultural codes.
Training Health Educators for Social Change
Authors: Freudenberg Nicholas
Published: May 2005

Health education practice reflects the ideology of the social forces that support it. Currently, health educators approach their task from two divergent viewpoints: one group emphasizes changing individual behavior while the other focuses on organizing people to change health-damaging institutions, policies and environments. This report provides a rationale and examples of the latter approach. It then describes the kind of training program that would be necessary to prepare health educators to work effectively for social change. Specifically, it is suggested that graduate students in health education need more preparation in social epidemiology, environmental sciences and policy analysis, particularly the analysis of the impact of non-health policies on health status. Health education training programs also need new approaches to the process of learning. The social movement of the last decades, health education programs in developing and socialist countries and some projects in this country provide a rich source of case studies. Training programs also need to recruit students who will be prepared to serve populations most in need of help. This suggests attracting students who have in the past been excluded from graduate education. Finally, several methods are suggested by which students, faculty and practitioners can begin the process of transforming the institutions that prepare professional health educators.
Modernizing Authority: Management Studies and the Grammaticalization of Controlling Interests
Authors: Giltrow Janet
Published: May 2005

Noting that recent research in workplace writing tends toward description of contexts for writing, this study turns its attention to text itself, focusing on the nominal expressions in the discourse on management. Analysis shows that these nominals recursively delete not only agent roles but also those of experiencer, object, and goal, and at the same time conflate the interests of researchers and managers. Calling on pragmatic theories of politeness, Giddens' characterization of bureaucracy as reflexive system, and Foucault's concept of “governmentality,” this study suggests that management nominals are a particularly intense expression of modernity itself.
Personality, Creativity, and Aesthetic Preference: Comparing Psychoticism, Sensation Seeking, Schizotypy, and Openness to Experience
Authors: Twomey David Rawlings Fionnuala , Burns Elizabeth , Morris Sharon
Published: May 2005

Three studies examined the relationship between several measures of creativity and aesthetic preference and several established personality scales. Study 1 derived indices of Fluency, Originality, and Preference for Complexity and Meaningfulness using random polygons varying in complexity (turns); the scales of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (Revised) (EPQ-R), the Schizotypal Personality Scale (STA), and the Sensation Seeking Scale, Form V (SSS-V) were the personality measures. Study 2 added Openness to Experience from the NEO Personality Inventory (Revised) to the personality measures; factors derived from the Litle and Zuckerman Music Preference Scale were added to the creativity/preference set. Study 3 replaced the polygons used in Study 2 with two Kogan-Wallach creativity tests, and added a word association task. Canonical correlations suggested a substantial relationship between SSS-V, Openness, and EPQ-R Psychoticism, and a creativity/preference set particularly represented by Preference for Complexity, dislike of “soft popular” music, and originality or number of divergent thinking responses. Subscale analyses implicated willingness to question conventional values as a major component of the “creative personality.”
Disaster, Death, and Human Ecology
Authors: Kastenbaum Robert
Published: May 2005

The “ bolt-from-the-blue” hypothesis oversimplifies the complex and intimate relationship between disaster, death, and human ecology. The definition of “disaster” and our response to the event may be influenced both by leveling-sharpening dynamics and by an ethnocentricity expressed through the proposed Law of Inverse Magnitude. Human factors sometimes heighten the probability of disaster, or increase the toll. Several “meanings” of disaster are explored. It is also proposed that society “needs” disaster to vent internal psychological pressures and transform anxious dread into a mass target-phobia. Finally, it is suggested that disaster can also be regarded as a state of being and, as such, claims many victims who have not experienced dramatic and “official” catastrophic episodes within the public domain.
An Organic Psychosis Due to a Venlafaxine-Propafenone Interaction
Authors: Pfeffer F. , Grube M.
Published: May 2005

Objective:

An extraordinary case of an organic psychosis during the treatment of a patient with a bipolar affective disorder.

Methods:

Clinical observation and further investigations including monitoring of serum levels (case report).

Results:

A significant interaction between venlafaxine and propafenone causes markedly increased serum levels of venlafaxine correlating with unexpected psychopathological changes.

Conclusions:

There is a potentially dangerous interaction between venlafaxine and propafenone. Serum levels of venlafaxine should be monitored if propafenone is added.
Nutrition and the Future of Mankind
Authors: Behar Moises
Published: May 2005

Malnutrition is primarily due to poverty, a manifestation of social injustice with inadequate distribution of resources and services within and between countries. By limiting the capability of poor people to improve their economical and social status, malnutrition helps to perpetuate this situation. A change in developmental policies taking more into account the improvement of living conditions of the poor is needed to correct this social problem.
Emotional Responses of Burned Children in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Seligman Roslyn , Carroll Shirley , MacMillan Bruce G.
Published: May 2005

A thirty-bed hospital for acute and reconstructive treatment of thermal injuries in children has afforded an opportunity to investigate: 1) early development and personality in the pre-burn child, 2) emotional responses to the injury and hospitalization, 3) the role of emotions in the clinical course of treatment, and 4) long-term adjustment to the physical and emotional trauma of burns.

The focus is on clinical observations and evaluations made by a consultant in child psychiatry on a four-bed intensive care unit. The role of the intensive care unit environment, immobilization, and the interplay of patients on one another, as well as the environment-mind-body interrelationships, are illustrated by four case vignettes. Psychological thoughts regarding somatic responses of ulcers, hypertension, and central nervous system manifestations of hallucinatory-like and seizure-like phenomena are made. These vignettes attempt to show how the emotional needs of a burned child, especially in an intensive care unit, must receive the same emphasis as his physical needs.
The Preference Amongst Product Designers for the Golden Section in Line Partitioning
Authors: Macrosson W. D. K. , Strachan G. C.
Published: May 2005

In an effort to establish the reality of a preference for the golden section a group of subjects who were already trained and experienced in matters of aesthetic taste were recruited to engage in a simple line partitioning exercise. The experimental protocol employed in the exercise followed one which has been fully described in the literature. It was anticipated that for reasons of convention or of taste the subjects would partition the line segments mainly in the proportions of the golden ratio. The reality did not match the expectation in so far as the subjects partitioned the line segments mainly in the proportions of 1:1 and 1:2. The result was interpreted in terms of the development of aesthetic maturity being accompanied by a preference for higher levels of spontaneously observable symmetry.
Rembrandt's Late Self-Portraits: Psychological and Medical Aspects
Authors: Marcus Esther-Lee , Clarfield A. Mark
Published: May 2005

The Dutch painter Rembrandt (1606–1669) left behind the largest series of self-portraits in the history of art. These paintings were produced over a period of time from age 22 years until just a few months before Rembrandt's death at age 63. This series gives us a unique opportunity to explore the development, maturity, and aging of the artist. The changes in Rembrandt's face and expression from one self-portrait to the next may be attributable to any combination of the following factors: normal aging changes, modifications and developments of his artistic style, alterations in the way he viewed himself, and changes in the way Rembrandt wanted us to see him. In addition, the modifications may be attributed in part to some illnesses from which the artist may have suffered and/or to a decline in his eyesight that may have influenced both his ability to detect details and his ability to paint.
Analyzing Opera Attendance: The Relative Impact of Managerial Vs. Environmental Variables
Authors: Holak Susan L. , Havlena William J. , Kennedy Pamela K.
Published: May 2005

A forecasting model of opera attendance was used to assess the relative importance of two categories of predictor variables: performance attributes and environmental characteristics. Separate analyses for subscribers and nonsubscribers yielded insight into the differences between the two groups concerning the impact of repertory and scheduling on attendance. While subscribers were most heavily influenced by timing, nonsubscriber attendance was also influenced by the familiarity of the opera. The predictive validity of the model was evaluated using data from the most recent season's performances.
Assisted Suicide: Factors Affecting Public Attitudes
Authors: Worthen Laura T. , Yeatts Dale E.
Published: May 2005

Public support for assisted suicide has been growing despite the ethical questions raised by members of the medical profession. Previous research suggests that age, gender, experience, and religiosity are factors affecting individuals' attitudes. This study examines the effect of demographic and ideological factors, as well as individuals' caregiving experiences, on attitudes toward assisted suicide. Random-digit-dialing procedures produced a sample of 156 residents of Denton, Texas, in March 1998. T-tests were conducted to measure significance, while gamma values were used to measure level of association and percent reduction in error. The data indicate that age, gender, and caregiving experience were not significant predictors of attitudes. Situational factors, including whether a physician or friend/family member should assist and whether a child or a terminally ill patient experiencing no pain should receive assistance, all were highly significant and positively associated with attitudes toward assisted suicide. Respondents were most likely to support physician-assisted suicide, in general, but were least likely to support physician-assisted suicide for individuals experiencing no pain. The data also indicated that the depth of commitment to the beliefs that suffering has meaning, that life belongs to God, and that physician-assisted suicide is murder, were highly significant and negatively associated with attitudes toward assisted suicide.
Location and Timing of Death among the Elderly: An Analysis of Obituary Notices
Authors: Matcha Duane A. , Hutchinson Jamie
Published: May 2005

This research examines the location and timing of deaths among elderly males and females. Data were gathered and analyzed from 913 obituary notices in an upstate New York Metropolitan newspaper. The obituary notices were collected between August 1994 and October 1994. The data reinforce previous research supporting the institutionalization of death among the elderly. That is, the majority of deaths among the elderly occur in hospitals and nursing homes. Although some gender differences are noted, variations between elderly men and women in the location and timing of death are minimal. Marital status and number of surviving children and siblings of the decedent were also examined relative to the location and timing of death. Controlling for marital status and number of surviving family members does not alter the timing or location of death. Social policy implications associated with future aging populations are addressed.
The Perceived Other World in Mormon Near-Death Experiences: A Social and Physical Description
Authors: Lundahl Craig R.
Published: May 2005

During the past decade, behavioral and medical scientists have compiled an increasing amount of scientific work on the aspect of death known as the near-death experience. Investigators have found over 100 cases of near-death experience where persons have encountered another realm or mode of existence. This paper describes the perceived other world based on a limited number of insightful cases of Mormon near-death experiences. The social system of the other world is very organized and based on a moral order. The basic societal unit is the family. The other world has a system of social stratification and its most important desirable is morality. Social control processes are also evident in the other world. The Mormon findings suggest that a tremendous process of socialization is being undertaken there. The Mormon descriptions suggest the other world is vast and located near the earth. It contains buildings that are better constructed than the buildings on earth and landscape and vegetation “indescribably beautiful.” New powers and capabilities are experienced in the body form of the other world, and there are various styles of dress. The influence of the Mormon frame of reference on the findings is discussed.