bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Online Communities As A Resource In Older Adults’ Tourism
Authors: Nimrod Galit
Published: December 2020

Previous research found that tourism is a subject commonly discussed in seniors’ online communities. The present study aimed to explore tourism-related contents in these communities and to discover specific age-related themes. The study applied an online ethnography (Netnography) approach, and was based on a full year’s data from 14 leading seniors’ online communities. The final database included 3,425 posts. Contents were divided into three main categories: ‘Practical information exchange’, ‘Search for contacts’, and ‘Travel stories’. Specific age-related themes referred to retirement, seniors’ tours, health insurance concerns, and special rates for elders. Results indicate that online communities serve as a resource in older adults’ tourism both before and after traveling. Dedicated to seniors, they also provide a sphere for expressing age-related issues, which are probably less discussed in other online forums.
A Case Study: Growing Community Partnerships with a Service-Learning Intergenerational Computing Course
Authors: Coppola Jean F , Wexler Sharon Stahl , Drury Lin J. , Heyman Janna C. , Thomas Barbara A. , Tschinkel Brian J. , Barnes Cheryl D.
Published: December 2020

This article presents an interdisciplinary and intergenerational technology research project. Uniquely trained undergraduates enrolled in an Intergenerational Computing service-learning class instruct older adults in geriatric facilities. Geriatric facilities have few staff to work with older adults for technology activities. This model is based on mutually beneficial partnerships.  Information on best practices, research instruments, classroom exercises, and lessons learned is presented for replication into the reader’s agency and discipline. A statistically significant change in students’ attitude and advocacy toward older adults was found, as well as a more positive perspective and awareness of careers in the field of aging.
Broadband Project For The Aging In Victoria
Authors: Budde Paul Gerard
Published: December 2020

A new project announced by the Victorian Government will revolutionise access to healthcare in Western Victoria. The project is one of 12 projects to receive funding of $4 million through the Victorian Government’s Broadband-Enabled Innovation Program (BEIP).
Mapping the Tso Kar basin in Ladakh
Authors: Srinivasan Shashank
Published: December 2020

High-altitude wetlands are critical ecosystems at risk from global climatic changes and local human activities. Management plans for the conservation of these wetlands require spatial information, from remote sensing data and from local human communities. I describe my research aims and methodology working with the Changpa, a nomadic pastoral community who inhabit the high-altitude regions around the Tso Kar basin wetlands in Ladakh, India.
Open Data - what the citizens really want
Authors: Both Wolfgang
Published: December 2020

To design the first steps, the City of Berlin performed an Open Data Online Voting. More than 1.300 participants voted for three interesting categories out of a list of 20. A list from “Administration” via  “Education” and “Health” to “Waste” was given. Five categories covered nearly 50 percent of the responders interest. The statistical results of the Survey were compared to a SAS survey about the general interest in Open Data, Transparency and Access from 2010. The Citizens were also asked, if they would read published Open Data and work with Open Data, to create Apps and Visualisation of combined Data Sets. This could be used as a blueprint for other cities.
Linking the Local with the Global within Community Informatics
Authors: Horelli Liisa , Schuler Douglas
Published: December 2020

None
Glocality: Thinking about Community Informatics and the Local in the Global and the Global in the Local.
Authors: Gurstein Michael
Published: December 2020

Editorial for the Special Issue on CI and the Local in the Global and the Global in the Local.
Application of Activity Theory in Understanding Online Communities of Practice: A Case of Feminism
Authors: Ghobadi Shahla
Published: December 2020

The extant literature has frequently acknowledged the crucial potential of Information and Communication Technologies for women empowerment. This study targets feminism as an important indicator of women empowerment. It then investigates the challenges of feminism in eastern countries from a novel angle that questions: “why those eastern women who already have feminist attitudes fail to demonstrate feminist behaviours?” The paper draws upon activity theory and proposed the moderating impact of online women-related communities of practice in transforming feminist-related attitudes into feminist-related behaviours of eastern women. The analysis of quantitative data collected from an online community of practice confirms the postulated proposition.  The results present regarding the use of online women-related in the examined population as well as how Information Technology can be applied for facilitation of women empowerment in eastern societies.
Stimulating Citizens to Community Action in Urban Areas: Media, Interpersonal Networks and Organizations
Authors: Jeffres Leo W. , Jian Guowei , Neuendorf Kimberly , Bracken Cheryl Campanella
Published: December 2020

The relationship between citizens and local government in urban areas has had a colorful history. Here we ask how communication channels—interpersonal and mass—and organizational involvement affect citizen attempts to influence their local government through grassroots activities such as personal contacts, letter writing, attending meetings. Data from a survey of a metropolitan area in the Midwest are analyzed to examine the influence of these measures of social capital. Analyses support the importance of organizational involvement, neighborhood communication networks, and attention to public affairs content in the media as stimulants for grassroots attempts to influence local governance in urban areas.
Information and Knowledge Transfer in the rural community of Macha, Zambia
Authors: Van Stam Gertjan
Published: December 2020

Science is using methodologies to study behaviour. These methodologies are socially constructed, culture specific, and deeply affected by North American and Western language. African cultures feature empathic processes fueled by compassion and the desire for co-existence. It operates on communal, often primary oral, cultures and uses mostly oral tradition in its presentations. Oral traditions process knowledge and verbalize data specifically.This case of long term research in which Information and Communications Technology is introduced in a highly oral and rural culture shows that using constructs available in primary oral culture can create outcomes that are a useful function within oral tradition circumstances. Analysis of methodologies used during the eleven-year case study suggest that outcomes benefit from interactions that are aligned within oral-culture formats. The case study follows 'the flow of science' - analysing, interpreting, clarifying, constructing - primarily in the oral tradition. Outcomes appear fruitful in oral traditions.This long term and unique approach opens the door to new ways of understanding in rural Africa, and recognition that literacy and orality exist side by side.
Outcome of Applying Evidence-Based Design to Public Computing Centers: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Wolske Martin , Gibbs Deven , Kehoe Adam , Jones Vera , Irish Sharon
Published: December 2020

Establishment of public computing centers (PCCs) has often been implemented within the digital divide framework and viewed as only stepping-stones towards preferred private access.  However, a range of research indicates the ongoing importance of PCCs to meet both private and public computing needs.  We used an evidence-based design approach to guide the implementation of a redesign of an active PCC located in an economically depressed metropolitan region of Illinois, USA.  Results indicate that physical design is critical and inseparable from the overall success of the lab, leading towards positive changes in the use and perception of the lab.
Local democratic values and e-government: barrier or promoter? A case study of a multicultural Swedish municipality
Authors: Jansson Gabriella
Published: December 2020

The aim of this article is to understand the significance of local democratic core values for the introduction of e-government reforms (public e-services) in a multicultural Swedish municipality with a strong tradition of developing democratic processes and responsiveness to citizen needs. We conclude that the democratic core values in the municipality have acted both as promoter and facilitator of public e-services. Despite the strong economic rationale of e-services, the local democratic values prevail and have advocated e-service developments. This illustrates how locally defined values have a fundamental role in legitimizing and defining the purpose of e-services in the community where they are implemented. However, we also conclude that public e-services, in their present form, could lead to a hollowing out of the local democratic values.
Overview of ICTs and Health
Authors: Newman Lareen Ann , Alsanousi Ali A.
Published: December 2020

Community informatics links economic and social development efforts at the community level with emerging opportunities in Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). In recent years in public health there has been an increased focus on the broader social determinants of health and on social inclusion, as evidenced in the 2008 Final Report of the Commission on Social Determinants of Health1. Broader determinants include education, income, social connection, and other opportunities that support improved health and wellbeing.
Developing decentralised health information systems in developing countries –cases from Sierra Leone and Kenya
Authors: Kossi Edem Kwame , Sæbø Johan Ivar , Braa Jørn , Jalloh Mohamed Mumeneeh , Manya Ayub
Published: December 2020

Health service provision is a public concern that mostly takes place at community level, through primary health care. Using cases from Sierra Leone and Kenya, this study shows how country health information systems, producing simple information products such as quarterly bulletins and league tables being distributed widely, have enabled the communities to be engaged in improving the health status of the population. The community based information systems were part of a national system and the usefulness of comparing local data with data from other communities and from across the country in pursuing equity in health services provision is demonstrated. A community based information system is thus benefiting from being part of and integrated with the larger national system. The article presents and discusses community based participatory approaches to developing information systems which are enabling the community to take ownership and ‘cultivate’ culturally appropriate systems. Illustrated by the cases, the article argues that modern ICT and Internet based technologies, and even ‘cloud’ based infrastructures, are indeed appropriate technologies even at community level in rural Africa.
Socio-technical approach to community health: designing and developing a mobile care data application for home-based healthcare, in South Africa
Authors: De la Harpe Retha , Lotriet Hugo , Pottas Dalenca , Korpela Mikko
Published: December 2020

Socio-technical interaction deals with the understanding of human behaviour in technology-mediated settings. In this research, home-based healthcare was selected as the case and the focus for the development of the practical application was on the needs of care givers. Service design methods were used to obtain a better understanding of the care givers’ needs where they were active participants in this process. The insights gained from the co-design, co-development and co-implementation approach contributed to the understanding of socio-technical design and development considerations applicable to the development of mobile health care applications for the benefit of South African Home-based Health care workers and the communities they serve.
Community Innovation and Community Informatics
Authors: Gurstein Michael
Published: December 2020

Editorial
Southern Africa Special Edition: Editorial
Authors: Pather Shaun , Phahlamohlaka Dr. Letibe Jacob (Jackie)
Published: December 2020

It is with great pleasure that we present the first Southern African special issue of The Journal of Community Informatics. This is the culmination of a long journey, which started with an initial discussion with the Editor-in-Chief, Dr Michael Gurstein, almost three years ago. After the initial call, in latter 2012, all submissions were subjected to an initial filtering in terms of alignment to the scope of the call. Thereafter all papers have been subjected to a double-blind peer review process, with some papers going through three iterations of review. As the editors of this special issue, we would like to thank all of the authors who responded to the call, and to the reviewers who have diligently cooperated with the editors throughout the process of review. Our heartfelt gratitude is extended also to the JoCI Editor in Chief for the unstinting support in ensuring the special edition has come together.
Exploring eParticipation in the city of Cape Town
Authors: Bagui Laban , Bytheway Prof. Andy
Published: December 2020

The city of Cape Town has invested in ICT capability. The city has successfully implemented a powerful ERP system and is completing several projects such as: setting up an optical fibre network, improving GIS, eProcurement and other services. All these will impact highly on the provision of transactional services to citizens. But what about their other needs for housing, sanitation, security, legal environment and other community infrastructural facilities, the poor resolution of which is leading to fierce demonstration and sometimes to violence? This paper uses Actor Network Theory (ANT) and explores the use of mobile, web and social media technologies in achieving eParticipation in the city of Cape Town.
Impact of Mobile Phones on Integration: Case of Refugees in South Africa
Authors: Johnston Kevin Allan , Bacishoga Kasky Bisimwa
Published: December 2020

This study used a qualitative approach in the form of interviews to investigate the impact of Mobile phones in enhancing the integration of refugees into South Africa. A social integration framework was used with particular attention to its three dimensions, namely the economic, social and cultural, and political participation. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. The study found that mobile phone usage played an important role in the social integration process of refugees. Mobile phones, contribute to a number of expected outcomes of social and economic participation, but fewer of political participation.
Assessing the contribution of information technology to socio-economic development: A case study from rural South Africa
Authors: Turpin Marita , Alexander Trish , Phahlamohlaka Jackie
Published: December 2020

This paper addresses the challenge of assessing an ICT for development (ICT4D) project’s contribution to the socio-economic development of the broader community where it is implemented. It argues for using a systems approach to deal with this challenge, since systems thinking is concerned with the performance of the total system. Systems thinking is seldom used in ICT4D, and is lacking in existing ICT4D impact assessment frameworks.  In this paper, the authors apply a social systems framework in an ICT4D case study. The framework is used to describe and assess the contribution of the ICT4D project to the socio-economic development of the larger community. Since Community Informatics (CI) embraces a broad socio-technical systems view, the work is relevant to a CI audience.
Emploi et traduction des unités phraséologiques en lituanien dans « La vie devant soi » de Romain Gary
Authors: Rogalskaja Viktorija , Leonavičienė Aurelija
Published: December 2020

Le but de cet article est d’analyser une répartition des unités phraséologiques et les stratégies de leur traduction dans le roman « La vie devant soi » de Romain Gary et répondre aux questions suivantes : Quelles unités phraséologiques sont utilisées dans le roman et comment transmettent-ils des idées de l’auteur ? Quelles stratégies de la traduction des unités phraséologiques étaient utilisées par la traductrice Jūratė Navakauskienė et pourquoi ces stratégies ont été choisies ? Lors de l’analyse de l’emploi des unités phraséologiques dans le roman, parmi les groupes prédominants nous avons identifié ceux des unités phraséologiques qui représentaient les phénomènes du monde intérieur de l’homme, des relations entre les gens et la vie sociale. Notre analyse de la traduction nous permet de constater les stratégies les plus fréquentes celles de la traduction par paraphrase, par les équivalents et par le synonyme phraséologique. Dans notre recherche, nous parlons également du style de Romain Gary et de l’importance de l’emploi des unités phraséologiques dans son roman. Les résultats de notre recherche nous permettent d’affirmer que la traductrice maîtrisait bien les connaissances linguistiques et extralinguistiques dans les contextes donnés, et a effectué le choix créatif des stratégies de la traduction.
Specifics of Trade-Economic Relations Within the North-Western Black Sea Region in the Antiquity
Authors: Bruiako Ihor
Published: December 2020

In the article the specifics of coins circulation and the role of money in the trade-economic relations in the North-Western Black Sea Region in the antiquity are analyzed. Some coins distinctions in the ancient Greek period and Roman time are noted.
About the Dating of the Scythian Type Arrowheads of the Late Hallstatt Period From Central Europe
Authors: Grechko Denys
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the problem of the arrowheads of the Scythian type dating from Central Europe of the Late Hallstatt period
Ceramic Vessel From Mound Near Zolne Village in the Crimea
Authors: Kravchenko Evelina
Published: December 2020

The article deals with ceramic handmade vessel from a burial mound near Zolne village (mound No. 1, burial No. 10) in the central foothills of the Crimea. Partially reconstructed fragments were found in the Scientific Funds of the Institute of Archaeology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. After the graphic reconstruction, it became clear that the vessel differs from the drawing given by A. A. Shchepynskyi, who was the author of the excavations. Both the vessel and the conditions of its discovery are analyzed; analogies in other complexes of the Crimea are given. Based on the typological analysis, the vessel is referred to one of the leading types of ceramics of the Kyzyl-Koba culture of the V-UB horizon, selected on Uch-Bash materials, dated from the beginning of the Taurian period. In addition, there are synchronous burial complexes, identical to the burial in Zolne mound. In addition to ceramics, chronological cluster of the warrior burial in Zolne mound is characterized by the bronze arrowheads of the Novocherkassk-type, known also at Uch-Bash in the layer of destruction of the previous IV-UB horizon. It should also be noted that in the inventory of the burial No. 10 of Zolne mound there is a whetstone with a hole for hanging, made from sandstone. It corresponds typologically to the whetstones from the horizon V-UB of Uch-Bash. The chronology of all finds of vases of this type generally fits into the second half of the VIII — early VII c. BC. Analysis of their context raises many questions not only archaeological, but also historical, namely, in connection with which events, firstly, the soldier was buried in Zolne mound, and secondly, why in his burial as an inventory item there was placed a vessel used by population of the Eastern and Central foothills of the Crimea. The sequence of events can now be reproduced as follows. At the time of the demise of the fortified settlement of Uch-Bash in the South-Western Crimea in the foothills of the Crimea a new cultural complex may have been already formed, which we characterize as the V-UB horizon. Its formation and functioning are connected with the arrival of a new nomadic horde, which is associated with Novocherkassk monuments, having earlier analogies on the eastern monuments of the Northern Black Sea coast, where they probably came from. The asynchrony of the emergence of a new complex of material culture in the Crimean foothills and Uch-Bash, where it appears some time after the layer of fire and destruction, shows that Uch-Bash both in the late Pre-Tauric and in the early Pre-Tauric periods, all was more focused on sea connections and waterways than on land, in contrast to the central group of sites of the Kyzyl-Koba culture in the basin of the Salgir River.
Jewellery Focuses of Kyiv Dytynets
Authors: Kryzhanovskyi Viacheslav
Published: December 2020

Dytynets of ancient Kyiv is an inner fortified part within the “city of Volodymyr”, with a total area of 10—12 hectares. At different times, its territory has been explored by many archaeologists. During the period from 1907 to 2013, 22 archaeological objects were discovered and researched on the territory of the Kyiv Dytynets, as well as separate buildings, furnaces and various finds from ancient Rus’ cultural strata related to jewellery. All of them were located within the “city of Volodymyr” and were recorded at the sites of 10 excavations, namely: five objects were located at the address — Volodymyrska st., 2 (territory of the National Museum of History of Ukraine); two — on Volodymyrska st., 7—9; one — on Desiatynna st., 2; eight — on Velyka Zhytomyrska st., 2; four — on Volodymyrska st., 8; two — on Desiatynna st., 3—A—B, 5—D. According to their chronology, these objects are dated by the XI — first half of the XIII c. After analyzing the location of jewellery workshops, there can be identified at least two large focuses — the quarters of jewellers, where the masters lived and worked. The first (largest) was located along the even side of modern Volodymyrska st. and stretched from the northern slope of Starokyivska Mountain to Volodymyrska st., 8. From the west it was limited to Goncharnyi ravine, and from the east — the carriageway of Volodymyrska st. There were 11 jewellery production facilities on its territory. The total area of this quarter was about 3.5 hectares. This centre at different times could serve the Grand Ducal court with its palace complexes, work for the needs of the boyar nobility and clergy. The second was located between the streets: Volodymyrska (from the west) and Desiatynna (from the east). In the south, it was limited by the carriageway of Velyka Zhytomyrska st. There were 10 jewellery production facilities on its territory. The total area of this quarter was about 1.2 hectares. Most likely, this centre belonged to a greater extent to the estate of the Fedoriv monastery of the XII c. and served the princely court of Mstyslav Volodymyrovych, who built the monastery. Thus, since the XI c. on the territory of Kyiv Dytynets the jewellery manufacturing had been developing rapidly. Production workshops spread over an area of almost 5 hectares and existed until Kyiv devastation in 1240.
Effect of A200 super absorbent polymers on corn growth and yield under Partial Root-Zone Drying Irrigation
Authors: Sakaki M. , Shahnazari A. , Gholami M. A.
Published: December 2020

Water crisis: One of the most important and effective solutions to cope with water crisis is optimum use of consuming water in agriculture section. In other word, increasing “agricultural water productivity” is unavoidable in future planning and decision making as an effective factor. Therefore, deficit irrigation is stated as a proper solution in water limitation aiming to maximally use water volume unit. In addition to applying irrigation management methods, using developed techniques to save soil moisture is of the effective measures to increase irrigation efficiency and achieving sustainable agriculture. One of the strategies for optimal use of water resources and its preservation is using super absorbent polymers. This study was conducted during two growth seasons and within 2014-2015 in the farm and in Sari University of agricultural sciences and natural resources on single cross 704silage maize. The treatments included three irrigation regimes (as the main plot) and three levels of super absorbent (as subplots) with three replications. Irrigation treatments included complete and partial root irrigation in two levels of 55 and 65% (PRD65, PRD55) and three levels of water super absorbent polymer of A200 type, including 20, 40 and 60kg/hectare. Based on the obtained results, the plants, were regularly irrigated during their growth period and cultivated in the conditions of 60kg/hectare of super absorbent, had the most rate of yield components but they weren’t significantly different from those plants, irrigated with 55 and 65% volume. In other word, the function of super absorbent in these treatments increased the efficiency of water use and partial irrigation in 55 and 65% volume has been able to generate an equal yield with the conditions of complete irrigation.
"Es muß besser werden!"
Authors: Michels Karen
Published: December 2020

Die Geschichte, wie Max Warburg Chef des familieneigenen Bankhauses wurde, obwohl sein Bruder das Geschäft hätte übernehmen sollen, ist oft erzählt worden: Als er 12 Jahre alt war, bot ihm der ein Jahr ältere Aby sein Erstgeburtsrecht gegen das Versprechen an, ihm fortan alle Bücher zu kaufen, die er bräuchte. Max nahm an – und stellte damit, wie er später sagte, "den größten Blankoscheck meines Lebens" aus. Die Lebenswege der beiden strebten von hier aus in unterschiedliche Richtungen. Aby baute seine Bibliothek zu einem international geschätzten kulturwissenschaftlichen Forschungsinstitut aus. Max entwickelte M. M. Warburg & Co. zu einer der wichtigsten Privatbanken Deutschlands. Ein parallel von beiden verfolgtes Ziel war die Universitätsgründung. Die Brüder gehörten zu den frühen Donatoren der Hamburgischen Wissenschaftlichen Stiftung. Es ging um nichts weniger als um "Hamburgs geistige Zahlungs­­fähigkeit".
Analysis of social resilience to the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) in Algeria
Authors: Habibi Yahyaoui , Guellouh Sami , Filali Abdelwahhab , Berchiche Razika
Published: December 2020

This paper is an attempt to understand and overcome the peculiarity of the novel Coronavirus (Covid-19), described as a pandemic by the World Health Organization. Covid-19 is spreading around the world, and particularly in Algeria, which announced the identification of the first case on the 26 February 2020. The number of confirmed cases is increasing day by day. Currently, we experience the spread of the word “resilience” in most diverse research areas and policy fields of modern society. Social resilience is the capacity of a social entity to proactively adapt to and recover from disturbances that are perceived within the social entity to fall outside the range of normal; this includes expected and unexpected disturbances. The main objective of this study is to contribute towards connecting the socio-economic vectors of this pandemic, and to integrate them into the GIS (Geographic Information System), in order to analyze the level of social resilience in Algeria. The analysis adopted the method known as the Hierarchical multi-criteria analysis (AHP), which defines the relative importance of each characteristics.
The findings of our research show that the factors of high unemployment and housing occupancy rates, high population density and the share of citizens aged over 60 directly influence the reduction in the level of social resilience to the novel coronavirus.
Impact of source code decompression (unminification process) on the map application performance
Authors: Król Karol
Published: December 2020

Performance is the key usability attribute. Application performance is affected by its constituent components such as scripts, image files, and libraries. The objective of the paper is to analyse the impact of source code decompression on the performance of a map application. It focuses on two research questions. RQ1: what is the effect of source code decompression through unminification on the map application performance; and RQ2: does an application with a decompressed source code exhibit the primary (initial) performance? A prototype map application was developed to tackle the questions. Three application variants were prepared: 1) basic, 2) minified (compressed), and 3) decompressed (unminified source code). All three variants had their performance tested. The results were juxtaposed. New notions were introduced: primary performance, secondary performance, and code recycling. It was demonstrated that the secondary performance was a compromise between the primary performance and code clarity (readability).
The prospect of introducing cadastral tax in the context of the history of real estate taxes in Poland
Authors: Reczyńska Joanna
Published: December 2020

For many years, debates on the change of the real estate tax system have been underway in Poland. The proposed reform would consist in the change from the currently binding method of calculating the amount of tax in relation to the real estate area to ad valorem taxation, in other words its property value. Although the law in force in Poland describes the cadastral tax definition and the methodology for its determination, there are no actions aimed at changing the tax system. A huge social reluctance resulting mainly from the belief that changes in the field of land taxes will be associated with an increase in fees cause stagnation at government level in making decision in this direction. However, the cadastral tax is not something new in Poland. It appeared, in various shapes, at many stages in the history of the Polish State.
The subject of the work is the historical analysis of land cadastre and real estate taxation in Poland. The aim of the article is to show the methodological complexity in property taxation, with particular emphasis on the systems of calculating taxation in relation to the value of owned goods appearing in the history of Polish taxes.
Action sports lovers locked down due to COVID – 19
Authors: Hoffmannová Jana , Šebek Luděk
Published: December 2020

What is it like for a family of skiers, mountain bikers, climbers, and outdoor lovers to experience a quarantine? Not being able to move in nature gradually led us to think about freedom, the possibility of decision-making, civil society, solidarity, and at the end to the democracy in the Czech Republic. Our experience of Covid-19 quarantine turned from a small social experiment into a dragging confrontation with the wobbliness of the fundamental pillars of democracy in our country. The isolation itself couldn’t go separately from reflecting on the social and political context. With some 7000 cases we may have won the battle against the spreading of the virus. We may count significant losses in the war against the strengthening anti democratic trends in the post communist region. Therefore this text is personally reflective as well as it becomes political in places where the two aspects meet.
Attitudes towards science among senior secondary students in Fiji
Authors: Naiker Mani , Sharma Bibhya , Wakeling Lara , Johnson Joel Benjamin , Mani Janice , Kumar Bijeta , Naidu Anji , Khan MGM , Brown Stephen
Published: December 2020

In order to investigate gender and ethnicity-based differences in scientific attitudes among Fijian students, the widely studied Test of Scientific Related Attitudes (TOSRA) was administered to 1401 senior secondary Fijian students (Years 11–13; approximately 15–18 years of age). Students generally had a positive attitude towards science overall in Years 11–13, with females showing a more positive attitude than males. By Year 13, the attitudes of females towards science had become more negative. The attitude of iTaukei students towards science started out lower than other ethnicities in Year 11 and increased during Year 12, before falling to below the starting attitude levels in Year 13. Fijian students of Indian descent generally had a positive attitude towards science that remained consistent throughout Years 11–13, with an increase in leisure and career interest in science in Year 13. A strong correlation was found between the ethnicity of a student and their first language. Continued science outreach programmes, particularly in Year 12, are important to achieve and retain scientific interest and attitudes among Fijian secondary students.
The impact of flipped classrooms in nurse education
Authors: Lelean Helen , Edwards Frances
Published: December 2020

Flipped classroom pedagogy is increasingly seen to be useful in the tertiary education sector and has recently been more frequently offered in nursing education. This literature review aims to critically examine empirical published work which reports of the impact of flipped classroom pedagogies on nursing students’ learning and performance. Global themes identified include student performance outcomes, engagement and enhanced/diminished student satisfaction. Synthesis of the findings of this literature review indicates that in nurse education the flipped classroom supports retention of knowledge, improves performance outcomes in areas as diverse as caring and examination results and there is enhanced student satisfaction with this method of learning. Enhancements to student learning and achievement using the flipped classroom model are connected to extra time and opportunities available for development of critical thinking and complex reasoning skills in class. As well, improvements are linked to the flexibility and self-efficacy accorded to students by the provision of learning opportunities in the form of deeply personalised online support. There is also evidence to suggest that students initially find this method stressful but with tutors and faculty staff providing information and rationale for the flipped classroom approach this stress can be reduced.
DETERMINATION OF THE LONGITUDINAL LOAD OF SUPPORTING STRUCTURE OF THE FLAT CAR LOADED WITH A PIGGYBACK
Authors: O. V. Fomin  , A. O. Lovska  , M. I. Horbunov  , Y. V. Fomina
Published: December 2020

Purpose. This study is aimed at highlighting the features of determining the longitudinal load of the supporting structure of a flat car loaded with a piggyback under operating conditions and substantiating the possibility of using a flat car model 13-401 for transportation of piggyback. Methodology. Mathematical modeling of the dynamic loading of the supporting structure of a flat car model 13-401 loaded with a piggyback was carried out. Two schemes of interaction between the piggyback and the supporting structure of the flat car are taken into account: the lack of movements of the piggyback relative to the frame of the flat car during movement and the presence of movements of the piggyback relative to the frame of the flat car during movement. Solution of the differential equations is implemented in the MathCad software. The obtained accelerations were taken into account motion when calculating the strength of the supporting structure of the platform car. The strength calculation of the supporting structure of the platform car was carried out. Obtained accelerations are taken into account to calculate the strength of supporting structure of the flat car. Findings. Based on the mathematical modeling of the dynamic loading of supporting structure of the flat car, it was found that in the absence of piggyback movements relative to the flat car frame, the maximum acceleration was 32 m/sec2. If the piggyback moves relative to the flat car frame, the maximum acceleration acting on the supporting structure is about 40 m/sec2, and about 42 m/sec2 on the piggyback. The main strength indicators of the supporting structure of the flat car are determined. It was established that the maximum equivalent stresses in this case arise in the cantilever parts of the center sill and are about 315 MPa, that is, do not exceed the permissible ones. The maximum displacements in the structure nodes are 2.6 mm, the maximum deformations are 2.5 ∙ 10-2. Originality. The mathematical model of the dynamic loading of supporting structure of a flatcar loaded with a piggyback is improved. At the same time, the rigid piggyback fastening to the flat car frame, as well as the flexible one, is taken into account. For the first time, a computer model has been developed to determine the strength of the supporting structure of a flat car during the piggyback transportation. The model makes it possible to determine the strength main indicators of supporting structure with its longitudinal loading. Practical value. The conducted studies allow us to conclude that the transportation of piggyback on the flat car model 13-401 is possible. The results of the studies will contribute to the creation of recommendations on the flat car design for piggyback transportation, and can also be useful developments when creating removable means of piggyback transportation.
Fiscal Effects of Labour Income Tax Changes in Russia
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russian Federation, Belev S. G. , Moguchev N. S. ,   Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy, Moscow, Russian Federation, Vekerle K. V. ,   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this article is to evaluate the fiscal effects of changes in social contribution rates in Russia for the period 2010–2014, which was marked by significant changes in tax legislation. The consequences of these changes for both the budget system and the labor market still have not been thoroughly studied. As the empirical and theoretical research shows, taxation could influence the labor market in two ways: through the intensive and extensive margin. This study tests the hypothesis about the two kinds of effects of taxation for Russia by using the data of the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey. It is demonstrated that an increase in the social contribution rate causes a decline in labor participation both for women and men. Moreover, an increase in the social contribution rate causes a reduction in the net-of-tax wage level for women and men. The state has already exhausted the opportunities for raising social contributions and pushing the reforms further would mean jeopardizing budget revenues and fiscal sustainability. Generally, an increase in social contributions has had a negative impact on the government’s revenues from social contributions and the personal income tax. It can be concluded that in general, the fiscal effects of the reforms were negative rather than positive. We would recommend the government to reconsider the current social contribution rates. Since the labour market is highly sensitive, it is possible to raise tax revenue through other means, thus avoiding adverse effects on public welfare.
Anthropometric characteristics and physical performance of taekwondo athletes
Authors: Formalioni Andressa , Antunez Bruno Fernandes , Vecchio Fabrício Boscolo Del , Cabistany Léo Dutra , Coswig Victor Silveira , Letieri Rubens Vinícius , Fukuda David H
Published: December 2020

Abstract The purpose of this investigation was to measure anthropometric and physical performance variables of TKD athletes from the city of Pelotas - RS. Forty-five athletes aged 16.4 ± 5.2 years and time of practice of 3.25 ± 3.6 years were evaluated. Athletes performed anthropometric evaluation and physical, general and specific performance tests. In the sum of seven skin folds, men presented lower values ??(106.1 ± 49.5 mm versus 143.4 ± 43.2 mm, p <0.002). Male seniors presented better performance in the vertical jump compared to beginners (42.3 ± 8.5cm versus 24.8 ± 10.1cm, p <0.03) and to women (22.1 ± 4.3cm, p <0.03). Graduated individuals perform higher number of arm pushups than beginners and women and more repetitions in the abdominal test. Male junior and senior athletes had higher isometric handgrip strength than females (48.3 ± 3.9 kgf and 38.1 ± 12.6 kgf versus 29 ± 5.6 kgf, p <0.001). Men covered longer distance in the yo-yo test than women (606.6 ± 233.8m versus 200 ± 113.1m, p <0.001). In the Wingate test, men produced greater peak and average relative power. No differences in flexibility were observed. In the single kick test, seniors kicked faster than less experienced athletes (200.6 ± 12.3m / s versus 258 ± 5.6m / s, p <0.001) and performed greater number of kicks in the 21s, 6 ± 2.1 reps versus 15.5 ± 0.7 reps, p <0.001). It was concluded that there are differences between male and female TKD athletes regarding anthropometric and motor characteristics, and that more experienced athletes exhibit greater general and specific physical fitness.
Analysis of the Physiological and Metabolic Responses between Two Types of Training in Wistar Rats
Authors: Santos Waleska dos , Santos Jymmys Lopes dos , Marçal Anderson Carlos , Aidar Felipe José , Souza Lúcio Marques Vieira , Araújo Silvan Silva de
Published: December 2020

Abstract This study analyzed the responses of 24 sessions of High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and Continuous Moderate (CM) on tissue damage, oxidative stress and glycemic profile of rats in liquid medium. Twenty-four Wistar rats participated, divided into three groups: sedentary (GSED), the one who performed the HIIT (GHIIT) and the one who performed the CM (GCM). Performed three times a week alternately for 8 weeks, and the GHIIT performed 20 seconds of exercise for 10 rest. The CM was a moderate intensity swim. GHIIT increased creatine kinase compared to GSED (GSED: 140.40 + 35.48 U / I; GHIIT: 442.60 + 8.35 U / I; p = 0.0008, representing a percentage increase of 215.24); lactate dehydrogenase was increased in GHIIT and GCM compared to GSED (GSED: 112.8 + 28.08 U / I; GHIIT: 250.9 + 70.67 U / I, a percentage increase of 122.42; GCM: 241.8 + 100.70 U / I, with a percentage increase 114.36; p = 0.006), in contrast, GHIIT increased non-oxidized liver sulfhydryls compared to GCM (GHIIT: 498.70 + 214.30 nmol / ml; GCM: 270.50 + 104.40 nmol / ml, the percentage change was 84.36; p = 0.03). There was greater glycemic maintenance in the GCM (p = 0.0002). It is concluded that the protocols of HIIT and CM, of this study, point to a possible tissue injury, in contrast, HIIT develops the adaptive capacity of the hepatic antioxidant system and the CM promotes greater glycemic support.
Securitização da política pública em Belo Horizonte e redes de financeirização
Authors: Canettieri Thiago
Published: December 2020

Resumo O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a formação da coalizão que levou à empresificação da política urbana e à securitização em Belo Horizonte, primeira cidade no Brasil a adotar esse tipo de modelo de gestão urbana, bem como a constituição de uma rede de financeirização das políticas públicas em escala nacional. O artigo estrutura-se a partir da análise de documentos da PBH Ativos S/A e da análise das relações que determinados atores desempenham na concepção, na circulação e na efetivação desse modelo de política pública. Sugere-se a existência de uma forma específica de gestão baseada no desenvolvimento urbano-financiado por meio de mercados financeiros.
Fragilidade na formação dos profissionais de saúde quanto à Língua Brasileira de Sinais: reflexo na atenção à saúde dos surdos
Authors: Mazzu-Nascimento Thiago , Melo Débora Gusmão , Evangelista Danilo Nogueira , Silva Tiago Varesche , Afonso Maria Gabriela , Cabello Janaina , Mattos Augustus Tadeu Relo de , Abubakar Obeedu , Sousa Amanda Soares , Moreira Renata Postel , Soares Miguel Vinícius Vieira Neves , Souza Leandro Cândido de , Ribeiro Ana Maria Farias , Chaveiro Neuma , Porto Celmo Celeno
Published: December 2020

RESUMO Objetivos Identificar como é a formação de profissionais da saúde quanto à Língua Brasileira de Sinais (Libras). Métodos Trata-se de estudo descritivo e transversal, desenvolvido com dados secundários, coletados no banco de dados eletrônico do Ministério da Educação. Foram analisados a grade curricular e o projeto pedagógico de todos os cursos de graduação na área da saúde em Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) brasileiras, procurando-se identificar e caracterizar a disciplina de Libras. Resultados Foram localizados 5317 cursos e, destes, 2293 (43,1%) ofereciam disciplina de Libras, sendo 16,7% como disciplina obrigatória e a maioria (83,3%) como optativa. Em relação ao período ofertado, não houve um padrão, variando desde o primeiro até o décimo. Quanto à carga horária destinada à disciplina, dentre os 2077 cursos que disponibilizavam essa informação, 11,1% ofertavam a disciplina com carga horária de até 20 horas, 49,4% com carga horária entre 21 e 40 horas, 29,9% entre 41 e 60 horas, 9,1% entre 61 e 80 horas. Apenas 0,5% dos cursos destinavam mais que 80 horas para o ensino de Libras. Em média, os cursos de graduação em IES públicas (N=217) dedicavam 53,1 horas ao ensino de Libras, enquanto os cursos de IES privadas (N=1860) dedicavam 45,8 horas. Conclusão Há evidências de fragilidade na formação dos profissionais de saúde quanto ao ensino da Libras, o que reflete diretamente no atendimento integral dos surdos.
Caracterização das notificações de intoxicações exógenas por agrotóxicos no Rio Grande do Sul, 2011-2018
Authors: Freitas Amanda Brito de , Garibotti Vanda
Published: December 2020

Resumo Objetivo: Descrever o perfil das notificações de intoxicação exógena por agrotóxicos no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, no período de 2011 a 2018. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, sobre dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação. Foram incluídas variáveis sociodemográficas, clínicas e relacionadas aos agrotóxicos, apresentadas em frequências absoluta e relativa. Resultados: Foram notificados 3.122 casos suspeitos de intoxicação exógena por agrotóxicos. O principal agente tóxico foi o agrotóxico de uso agrícola (60%). Pulverização (42%) e diluição (18%) revelaram-se as atividades de maior exposição ao agrotóxico. A residência foi o principal local de ocorrência (59%), e a contaminação acidental (40%), o principal motivo da intoxicação. A maioria das intoxicações foi do tipo aguda-única (82%) e a avaliação clínica (61%), foi o critério mais utilizado para o diagnóstico. Conclusão: No Rio Grande do Sul, a maior parte dos registros de intoxicação exógena por agrotóxicos relacionaram-se a seu modelo de produção agrícola.
Films based on Salvia hispanica and clove oil: physical, optical and mechanical properties
Authors: Ruiz-Ruiz Jorge Carlos , Segura-Campos Maira Rubi
Published: December 2020

Clove essential oil (CEO) was added to Salvia hispanica mucilage–protein-rich fraction in an attempt to design a natural and biodegradable packaging film with good physical, optical and mechanical properties. The effects of polymer concentration (PC) (1.0–3.0%, w/v), CEO concentration (0.1–1.0%, v/v) and pH (7–10) were evaluated using a face-centered central composite design. The films corresponding to treatment with intermediate PC (2.0%, w/w), pH (8.5) and higher concentration of CEO (1.0%, w/w) exhibited a lower water content, were partially soluble and showed adequate thickness and density. With regard to optical characteristics, the films were bright and transparent and exhibited high values of the whiteness index. Under the same conditions, films with suitable mechanical properties were obtained. This formulation is tentatively suggested for application in food products.