bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Os cuidados paliativos na visão dos familiares de idosos residentes em uma instituição de longa permanência
Authors: Bombassaro Mariana de Abreu , Kirsten Isabel Cristina , Szemberg Janaína Daiane , Almeida M´árcio José de
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: Analisar qual é o entendimento dos familiares de idosos sobre os Cuidados Paliativos (CP) em uma Instituição de Longa Permanência para Idosos (ILPI). Métodos: Pesquisa exploratória, transversal e qualitativa. Informações coletadas por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e analisadas usando a técnica de Bardin. Seis entrevistados eram familiares de idosos em CP e oito eram familiares de idosos que não estavam em CP. Resultados: Entre os familiares de idosos que estão em CP, a maioria tem conhecimento sobre CP. Quando questionados acerca do entendimento dos CP, a maioria citou qualidade de vida (QV), cuidado multidisciplinar e identificou que o familiar está em CP. Sobre os cuidados que gostariam de receber, foram o tratamento não invasivo, alívio da dor, estar com a família e ter QV. Dentre familiares de idosos que não estavam em CP, foram esclarecidos termos relacionados à QV e diminuição de tratamentos invasivos. Quanto ao conhecimento, parte demonstrou conhecimento vago e outros não o tinham. Sobre o entendimento dos CP, abordou-se a QV. Conclusão: A maioria dos familiares possuem um bom entendimento dos CP com dificuldades na definição do conceito. Familiares dos idosos que estão em CP possuem entendimento melhor sobre o tipo de atenção recebida por eles.
Análise da violência doméstica contra a mulher em tempos de pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Oliveira Márcya Cândida Casimiro de , Ramos André Luís Belmiro Moreira , Azevedo Nathália de Oliveira , Alves Ianara Fabiana Ramalho Dias , Pecorelli Domennica Gomes , Mendonça Gilberto José Montaño Góes de , Tissian Amanda Apolori , Deininger Layza de Sousa Chaves
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: Analisar a violência doméstica contra a mulher em tempos de pandemia COVID-19 descrita na literatura científica. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa realizada em seis etapas, utilizando a questão norteadora: “Qual o comportamento da violência contra a mulher frente à pandemia do COVID-19?”. O levantamento bibliográfico foi realizado nas plataformas BVS, SciELO, LILACS e MEDLINE nos meses de abril e maio de 2021, sendo obtido 3.183 artigos, que após os critérios estabelecidos, foram selecionados 14 estudos. Resultados: O distanciamento social cria as condições ideais para que os elementos da violência sejam ampliados e muitas vítimas tenham dificuldade em denunciar o agressor. O aumento da violência tem graves repercussões físicas, mentais, reprodutivas, emocionais, de saúde e segurança para as mulheres e seus filhos. Como forma de combater esse tipo de violência, é necessário o apoio do Estado com maior agilidade, bem como seu papel no fortalecimento da segurança das mulheres em situação de vulnerabilidade. Considerações finais: Portanto, as denúncias devem ser incentivadas para combater a impunidade do agressor e buscar reduzir a subnotificação dos casos.
Os itinerários terapêuticos pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) de homens trans em busca do processo transexualizador
Authors: Pinho Paula Hayasi , Cortes Helena Moraes , Araujo Lorena Moura Pontes , Sá Marcos Venicius Gomes de , Oliveira Luciana Mattos Barros
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: Analisar o itinerário terapêutico percorrido por homens transgêneros ao processo transexualizador pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) ofertado num serviço de cuidado a pessoas trans no nordeste brasileiro. Métodos: Estudo qualitativo, do tipo estudo de caso, realizado a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas com doze homens trans que acessaram o processo transexualizador. O estudo foi aprovado por Comitês de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultados: Dos itinerários terapêuticos narrados, emergiram as categorias empíricas: a construção da identidade de gênero de homens trans; a apropriação do universo da transgeneridade; e o acesso ao Processo Transexualizador propriamente dito. O autorreconhecimento, a construção da identidade de gênero e a rede de apoio de pessoas trans precederam a busca pelos serviços de saúde e o acesso ao processo transexualizador. Serviços privados, públicos e a auto-hormonização com auxílio da internet, fizeram parte dos itinerários terapêuticos dos entrevistados, permeados pelo tempo de espera. Conclusão: Sugere-se uma reestruturação na micropolítica dos serviços, para minimizar a espera para o acesso ao processo transexualizador no Sistema Único de Saúde, visando, também, extinguir barreiras que cerceiam e ferem a autonomia de pessoas trans.
Atypical Targetoid Lesions as the Presenting Sign of Myeloid Sarcoma
Authors: Rodriguez Eduardo Adrian , Visnaw Edward , Petr Frank , Siddiqui Huma
Published: November 2021

Myeloid sarcoma (MS), also known as chloroma or granulocytic sarcoma, is a rare extramedullary tumor mass that commonly occurs in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). MS may occur before other clinical signs of AML, or alongside other known AML symptoms. MS can also appear in isolation, which makes diagnosis challenging. Clinical knowledge about a typical presentation of myeloid sarcoma is limited, given the heterogeneity in the location and size of MS lesions. We describe a patient with a history of AML who developed an eruption of atypical targetoid purpuric lesions. Diagnostic workup, including laboratory and histologic specimen from the skin were consistent with MS. MS should be suspected in a patient with a history of myeloproliferative disorder who develops atypical targetoid purpuric papules.
Pathophysiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention of Wound Dehiscence Following Dermatologic Procedures
Authors: Armenta Andrew , Winsett Frank , Wagner Richard
Published: November 2021

Skin cancer is the most common malignancy in the United States and has been increasing in incidence, affecting approximately one in five Americans. As the number of skin cancers have increased, so have the number of dermatologic procedures including biopsies and excisions. Behind surgical site infection, wound dehiscence is the second most common postoperative complication of dermatologic procedures. There are many preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative risk factors for wound dehiscence. The current literature on the risk factors of dehiscence within the field of dermatology is scarce. To our knowledge, there have not been any comprehensive reviews on this topic. Our research article aims to serve as a comprehensive and concise review with the goal of educating providers and increasing awareness of the risk factors associated with wound dehiscence.
Disparities in Access to Teledermatology During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Detroit, Michigan
Authors: Jiang Angela , Kashlan Reem , Joseph Christine , Tang Amy , Lim Henry
Published: November 2021

Background: Teledermatology became a necessary modality for dermatologic patient care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Due to disparities in access to technology, “The Digital Divide” refers to worsening health care disparities despite telemedicine’s best efforts to improve access.
Methods: Retrospective chart review was performed of all patients who were scheduled to be seen in dermatology during the first wave of pandemic (March 27, 2020 to April 27, 2020). Demographic characteristics of patients who pursued virtual visits was compared with those who did not.
Results: Compared to patients who canceled office visits, patients who completed virtual visit appointments were more likely to be younger (mean age 37.8 versus 45.5 years), female (68.7% versus 62.9%, p=0.01), unmarried (68.7% versus 61.0%, p<0.01). Of the diagnoses rendered during virtual visits, 53.3% were associated with dermatoses.
Conclusions: Patient populations above the age of 65 were less likely to complete a video visit, regardless of socioeconomic factors. Future policies must take marginalized populations into account to improve ease of access to technological services.
Virtual medical student dermatologic surgery workshop increases confidence in suturing and skin biopsy skills in the era of COVID-19
Authors: Dando Emily , Guerrero Angela , Collins Mary-Katharine , James Alaina
Published: November 2021

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, many pre-clinical medical school courses were conducted virtually. In order to increase exposure to basic procedures in the remote learning setting, our group developed a virtual dermatologic surgery workshop.

Objective: To evaluate whether a virtual dermatologic surgery workshop increases medical student confidence in their ability to perform suturing and skin biopsies.

Methods: All 147 second-year medical students at the University of Pittsburgh watched 70 minutes of pre-recorded lectures that introduced suturing, skin biopsies, and other dermatologic procedures. Each student was provided with a suturing kit to remotely practice the following skills: simple interrupted suture, simple running suture, horizontal mattress suture, vertical mattress suture, running subcuticular suture, shave biopsy, and punch biopsy. Pre- and post-workshop surveys were distributed to the students and paired using a randomized de-identified number.

Results: 117 (80%) students completed the pre-survey and 71 (48%) completed the post-survey. 61 (41%) responses were paired. The average baseline level of confidence ranged from 1.0 on a 10-point scale for subcuticular running suture to 2.4 for simple interrupted suture. The average level of confidence increased after the workshop for each skill, ranging from 3.7 for subcuticular running suture to 8.0 for instrument tie. In the paired responses, the average level of confidence increased significantly for each skill by an average of 5.5 points (SD=1.1, p<.001).

Conclusions: A virtual, asynchronous dermatologic surgery workshop significantly increases medical student confidence in their ability to perform suturing and skin biopsies.
Deucravacitinib Improves Psoriasis Symptoms and Signs Diary Domain Scores in Patients With Moderate to Severe Plaque Psoriasis: Results From the Phase 3 POETYK PSO-1 and POETYK PSO-2 Studies
Authors: Armstrong April , Strober Bruce , Gordon Kenneth , Zhuo Joe , Becker Brandon , Kisa Renata , Throup John , Kim Jonghyeon , Papp Kim
Published: November 2021

N/A
Deucravacitinib, an Oral, Selective Tyrosine Kinase 2 (TYK2) Inhibitor, Versus Placebo and Apremilast in Moderate to Severe Plaque Psoriasis: Onset of Action in the Phase 3 POETYK PSO-1 and POETYK PSO-2 Trials
Authors: Korman Neil , Papp Kim , Bagel Jerry , Foley Peter , Morita Akimichi , Banerjee Subhashis , Colston Elizabeth , Wang Tao , Throup John , Thaci Diamant
Published: November 2021

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Once-Daily Roflumilast Foam 0.3% Improves Severity and Burden of Itch in Patients With Scalp and Body Psoriasis in a Randomized, Double-blind, Vehicle-Controlled Phase 2b Study
Authors: Moore Angela , Alonso-Llamazares Javier , Bhatia Neal , Devani Alim , Bukhalo Michael , Draelos Zoe , Gooderham Melinda , Kempers Steve , Kircik Leon , Papp Kim , Pariser David , Sankeva Marina , Sinclair Rodney , Zirwas Matthew , Feng Amy , Burnett Patrick , Higham Robert , Berk David
Published: November 2021

N/A
Mean percent PASI improvement with bimekizumab in patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis: Pooled results from four phase 3/3b trials
Authors: Blauvelt Andrew , Han George , Tyring Steve , Soung Jennifer , Oh Tae , Davis Leah , Vanoorden Veerle , Lebwohl Mark
Published: November 2021

N/A
COVID-19 in tralokinumab-treated patients with moderate-to- severe atopic dermatitis: case series from the ECZTEND long- term extension trial
Authors: Blauvelt Andrew , Pink Andrew , Worm Margitta , Langley Richard , Costanzo Antonio , Gjerum Le , Jorgensen Emilie , Corriveau Joshua , Guttman-Yassky Emma
Published: November 2021

N/A
Tapinarof Cream 1% Once Daily for the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis in Children and Adults: The Pivotal Phase 3 ADORING Clinical Program
Authors: Eichenfeld Lawrence , Silverberg Jonathan , Bissonnette Robert , Tallman Anna , Rubenstein David , Piscitelli Stephen , Jett John
Published: November 2021

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Long-Term Safety and Disease Control With Ruxolitinib Cream in Patients With More Severe Atopic Dermatitis: Pooled Results From Two Phase 3 Studies
Authors: Simpson Eric , Kircik Leon , Blauvelt Andrew , Kuligowski Michael , Venturanza May , Sun Kang , Eichenfeld Lawrence
Published: November 2021

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A Clinical Evaluation of the 1064nm Nd:YAG Laser with a 650-microsecond Pulse Duration for the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris
Authors: Greywal Tanya , Saedi Nazanin , Ortiz Arisa
Published: November 2021

N/A
Sarecycline: Rapid Improvement of Truncal Acne in Hispanic Male
Authors: Moore Angela , Moore Stephen , Moore Luke , Tyring Stephen , Tyring Stephen
Published: November 2021

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Oral Difelikefalin Reduces Pruritus in Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Kim Brian , Tamari Masato , Zamidar Lydia , Nograles Kristine , Munera Catherine , Goncalves Joana , Guttman-Yassky Emma , Lebwohl Mark
Published: November 2021

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A comprehensive diagnostic offering workflow increases the rate of actionable results of the 23- and 35-gene expression profile tests for use as ancillary diagnostic tools for difficult-to-diagnose melanocytic lesions
Authors: Goldberg Matthew , Siegel Jennifer , Russell Brooke , Rogers Jason , Covington Kyle , Oelschlanger Kristen , Poteet Trisha , Wilkinson Jeffrey , Berg Michael , Falkowski Katherine , Kurley Sarah , Kajoian Armineh
Published: November 2021

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Sarecycline exhibits decreased activity Against Representative Bacterial and Fungal Microflora Commonly Present in the Human Gastrointestinal Tract
Authors: Ghannoum Mahmoud , Herrada Janet , Gamal Ahmed , Long Lisa , McCormick Thomas , Grada Ayman
Published: November 2021

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Enhanced Uptake of 2% Salicylic Acid Following 1440-nm Non-ablative Fractional Diode Laser Treatment
Authors: Wang Jordan , Friedman Paul , Konda Adarsh , Parker Catherine , Geronemus Roy
Published: November 2021

N/A
Cysteamine: Clinical efficacy, safety and tolerability versus best-in-class treatments for melasma
Authors: Desai Seemal
Published: November 2021

N/A
Detección de presencia patológica en radiografías basada en un marco de deep learning
Authors: Camasca Jhonatan , Calderón-Niquin Marks , Mamani-Ticona Wilfredo
Published: November 2021

El proceso de diagnóstico de las enfermedades respiratorias requiere experiencia y habilidades para evaluar las diferentes patologías que pueden desarrollarse en los pacientes. Desgraciadamente, la falta de radiólogos cualificados es un problema global que limita el diagnóstico de las enfermedades respiratorias. Por lo tanto, será útil contar con una herramienta que minimice los errores, la carga de trabajo, mejore la eficiencia y agilice el proceso de diagnóstico para brindar un mejor servicio de salud a la comunidad. Esta investigación propone una metodología para la detección de presencia patológica utilizando arquitecturas de deep learning. La presente propuesta se divide en tres tipos de experimentos. El primero evalúa el rendimiento de descriptores de características como SIFT, SURF y ORB en imágenes médicas con modelos de machine learning como introducción al último experimento. A continuación, se evalúa el rendimiento de arquitecturas de deep learning como ResNet50, Alexnet, VGG16 y LeNet. Por último, se evalúa la combinación de clasificadores de aprendizaje profundo y aprendizaje automático. Además, introducimos un nuevo conjunto de datos de rayos X de
Minería de datos en Twitter: análisis del sentimiento del desempleo en la población hispanohablante en tiempos del COVID-19
Authors: Condor-Tinoco Enrique Edgardo , Loa-Navarro Emerson , Huarcaya-Ccoicca Josué Alexi , Castro-Buleje Carlos Yinmel
Published: November 2021

Con la aparición del COVID-19, se vino una crisis socioeconómica en cada país que toca esta pandemia; los países hispanohablantes son los más afectados por su estructura económica, es así que autores como Orgaz advierten que el COVID-19 ocasionará global mente que, entre abril y junio del 2020, el 6,7 % de las horas de empleos desaparezca, lo que equivale a perder 195 millones de puestos de trabajo a tiempo completo. Con la finalidad de conocer lo que piensa la población, en la presente investigación se realizó un modelo que permitiría analizar el sentimiento del desempleo en la población hispanohablante en tiempos del COVID-19 en la red social Twitter, haciendo uso de la metodología SEMMA y apoya dos con la herramienta Orange Canvas. En los resultados se obtuvo que, de los seis mil tuits analizados, en los comentarios acerca del tema del desempleo, este tema está asociado con los términos pobreza, pandemia, país y trabajo; también se identificó que los usuarios tienen un sentimiento negativo y neutro en cuanto al tema de desempleo, considerando como un factor principal a la pandemia.
Minería de datos: análisis de sentimiento en Twitter basado en lexicones sobre el uso de dióxido de cloro para el tratamiento del COVID-19
Authors: Condor-Tinoco Enrique Edgardo , Rojas-Cusi José Antonio , Zevallos-Rodríguez Anthony , Castro-Buleje Carlos Yinmel
Published: November 2021

El COVID-19, según la Organización Mundial de Salud (OMS), es la “enfermedad infecciosa causada por el coronavirus que se ha descubierto más recientemente”. Para el tratamiento del COVID-19 se han informado por diferentes medios diversos productos, entre ellos se tiene al dióxido de cloro; se dice que puede curar y prevenir el COVID-19 porque incre menta los niveles de oxígeno en la sangre; también expertos en la salud indicaron que es falso y, por el contrario, esta sustancia puede oxidar la hemoglobina y desencadenar más problemas de salud. Se planteó el objetivo de desarrollar un modelo de minería de datos sobre el análisis de sentimiento en Twitter basado en lexicones sobre el uso de dióxido de cloro para el tratamiento del COVID-19, para su desarrollo se usó la metodología CRISP-DM y la herramienta Orange Canvas. En los resultados se obtuvo que la palabra dióxido de cloro está asociada a las palabras sí, tomar y COVID; por otro lado, la opinión de las personas en relación al dióxido de cloro, con tendencia a negatividad y neutralidad, dan como resultado calificaciones compuestas, lo que significa que 4500 tuits de los usuarios de Twitter tienen opiniones de neutralidad y rechazo en distintas proporciones sobre el tratamiento del dióxido de cloro para el COVID-19.
Modelo basado en aprendizaje de máquina estadístico para la determinación de factores que influyen en el rendimiento de sistemas de gestión de bases de datos relacionales
Authors: Ponce-Vergara José Luis
Published: November 2021

Los procesos de negocios que soportan sus operaciones con aplicaciones que interactúan con sistemas de gestión de bases de datos relacionales (RDBMS) pueden incrementar su productividad a través de la identificación de los factores que afectan el rendimiento de las ejecuciones de las sentencias SQL que conforman su carga de trabajo, especialmente las cargas generadas por aplicaciones implementadas en ambientes de producción, que son recurrentes en el tiempo. El artículo propone un modelo de identificación de factores que afectan el rendi miento de las ejecuciones de las sentencias SQL que se procesan en un RDBMS, valiéndose de algoritmos de aprendizaje de máquina estadístico (análisis de componentes principales y análi sis de correlación canónica) que explotan la información de los planes, estadísticas y métricas generadas durante el ciclo de vida de las ejecuciones de las sentencias SQL.
Comparación de técnicas de machine learning para la detección de phishing
Authors: Moncada-Vargas Andrés Eduardo
Published: November 2021

El phishing es el robo de datos personales a través de una página web falsa donde se le pide al usuario ingresar sus datos para validar su identidad frente a una supuesta entidad legítima. En este trabajo, se compararon técnicas de machine learning y se determinó que la técnica bosque aleatorio es la más efectiva en casos donde las características de las páginas tengan un valor exacto, y árbol de decisión es la más efectiva en casos donde las características hayan sido analizadas y se haya determinado una clasificación en base a dicha característica.
Leptin and leptin receptor evaluation in atherosclerotic plaques in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Dimitrova Diana A. , Mikhailov Ilya A. , Tokarev Konstantin Yu. , Michurova Marina S. , Gorbacheva Anna M. , Danilova Natalia V. , Malkov Pavel G. , Kalashnikov Viktor Yu.
Published: November 2021

Background. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a significant predictor of atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease, and cardiovascular mortality. It is known that atherosclerosis occurs earlier in patients with diabetes, reducing the duration of their life. Leptin as well as other inflammatory markers can contribute to the progression of atherosclerosis in patients with DM, participate in the development of a local inflammatory reaction.
Aim. Determine the cells immunophenotype of atherosclerotic plaques in patients with diabetes.
Materials and methods. We analyzed 24 patients (20 men and 4 women), who underwent aortofemoral bypass, femoral-tibial bypass or carotid endarterectomy. During the operation, a fragment of the arterial wall with an atherosclerotic plaque was obtained for further immunohistochemical studies. Five histologic plaque characteristics (CD68+, -SMA, CD34, leptin and leptin receptor) were compared.
Results. No difference in the expression of CD68 (p=0.922), -SMA (p=0.192), CD34 (p=0.858), leptin receptor (p=0.741) and leptin (p=0.610) in atherosclerotic plaques were observed between patients with and without DM. The lack of significant differences between the two groups was possibly due to the small number of observations with DM. In particular, when assessing the expression of selected markers in atherosclerotic plaques, patients with DM showed significantly more leptin receptors than patients without DM (2160.716 and 1205.88 respectively); and also significantly less CD68+ (0.39 and 0.98 respectively) and -SMA+ (6.5 and 13.5 respectively).
Conclusion. Based on the expression of CD68, -SMA, CD34, leptin receptor and leptin, no significant differences were observed in atherosclerotic plaque between patients with and without DM. At the same time, despite the limitations of the study (a small number of patients, moderate severity of DM, elderly patients in the DM group), we found a tendency in the increased number of leptin receptors and a decreased number of -SMA+, CD68+ in DM atherosclerotic plaques. Further study needed, taking into account the limitations of this work.
The Rehberg–Tareev test in assessing the glomerular filtration rate
Authors: Bobkova Irina N. , Kamyshova Elena S. , Chebotareva Natalia V.
Published: November 2021

The history of glomerular filtration rate assessment is presented, an important step of which was the glomerular filtration rate evaluation by the endogenous creatinine clearance (known as the RehbergTareev test). The article highlights the diagnostic value of the RehbergTareev test and its place among modern methods for assessing glomerular filtration rate.
A DETAIL EVIEW ON STATUS AND PROSPECT OF MAIZE PRODUCTION IN NEPAL
Authors: Thapa Rajan
Published: November 2021

Maize ranks second after rice in terms of both production and area coverage in Nepal. Maize being the principal staple food for majority of people and source of animal feed, cultivated from March to May depending upon distribution of rainfall. Although maize area and production has shown a steady increase in recent years, its productivity has been low (2.67t/ha). Despite the many efforts made to increase the maize productivity in the country, the results are not much encouraging. This paper was prepared after intensive review of all the information obtained from all available resources to analyze the production of maize and reason for decrease in productivity of maize. The research work conducted in several periods has shown numerous reason such as insect pest, disease, weeds, biotic stress, lack of labour, unavailability of improved seed, poor extension and research Programme and frequent occurrence of drought and many more. Therefore, in order to streamline the future direction of maize production in Nepal, an attempt has been made in this paper to highlight the present status and future prospect with key pathways for increasing the productivity of maize.
INFLUENCE OF WEED INTERFERENCE PERIOD AND PLANTING SPACING ON THE WEED PRESSURE AND PERFORMANCE OF BORO RICE CV. BRRI DHAN29
Authors: Islam Md. Hafizul , Anwar Md. Parvez , Rahman Md. Rashedur , Rahman Md. Sohanur , Talukder Fakhar Uddin , Sultan Md. Tipu
Published: November 2021

To study the influence of weed interference period and planting spacing on the weed pressure and performance of Boro rice cv. BRRI dhan29 an experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University from December 2015 to May 2016. The experiment comprised six weed interference periods (viz. weed free, weed free up to 20 DAT, weed free up to 40 DAT and weed free up to 60 DAT, weed free up to 80 DAT and weedy condition) and three spacing of planting (viz.25 cm × 15 cm, 25 cm × 10cm, 25 cm × 20 cm) following randomized complete block design with three replications. The highest number of total tillers hill-1 (14.98), effective tillers hill-1 (12.98), filled grains panicle-1 (117.9), grain yield (5.40 t ha-1), straw yield (7.94 t ha-1) and biological yield (40.53 t ha-1) were found weed free up to 80 DAT. Considering cost and time consuming, best tillers hill-1 (15.88), effective tillers hill-1 (13.88), filled grains particle-1 (121.70) and grain yield (6.14 t ha-1) were found in spacing 25 cm × 15 cm with weed free up to 80 DAT. Weed density and dry weight were increased with the increasing weed interference period but rice grain yield increased gradually with the decreasing weed interference period. Weed free up to 80 DAT can be recommended from economic view point following the spacing of 25 cm × 15 cm for better weed suppression and higher yield of BRRI dhan29.
EFFECT OF ORGANIC MANURES AND PLANTING TIME ON GROWTH, YIELD, QUALITY AND ECONOMICS OF SQUASH UNDER MEDIUM HIGH LAND CONDITION OF DINAJPUR REGION
Authors: Khanum M.M. , Nuruzzaman M. , Huda M.S , Muzahid M.A.A.A
Published: November 2021

The experiment was conducted at the research field of Agricultural Research Station, Rajbari, Dinajpur during rabi season of 2018-19 and 2019-20 to develop a profitable and economic fertilizer dose and optimum planting time for Squash and to increase the productivity and yield. Two different dates of planting viz. 15 November and 30 November considered as factor A and different organic manures viz., vermicompost, poultry manure and cowdung considered as factor B. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block (RCB) design (Factorial) with three replications. Organic manures and planting time showed significant effects on most of the parameters. In case of organic manures, highest individual fruit weight (1707.50 g) and fruit yield (32.43 tha-1) was recorded from vermicompost whereas the lowest fruit weight (1233.17 g) and fruit yield (23.52 tha-1) was recorded from cowdung application. In case of planting time, the highest individual fruit weight (1747.11 g) and fruit yield (29.61 tha-1) was recorded from 15 November planting date whereas the lowest fruit weight (1196.44 g) and fruit yield (25.86 tha-1) was recorded from 30 November planting date. For combination, highest individual fruit weight (2153.66g) and fruit yield (34.06 tha-1) were recorded from vermicompost with 15 November planting date while the lowest individual fruit weight (1105.33g) and fruit yield (20.56 tha-1) were recorded from cowdung with 30 November planting date. Vermicompost with 15 November planting date was found suitable for total productivity and economic return of the system.
EFFECT OF ORGANIC ACID AS A FEED SUPPLEMENT ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF BROILER
Authors: Bhandari Rabindra , Dhungana Riyana , Neupane Prakash
Published: November 2021

An experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of organic acid as a feed supplement on growth performance of broiler. The experiments were laid out in Completely Randomized Block design (CRD) with four treatments. The treatments were Control, 0.5% Propionic acid,1% Lactic acid,1% Citric acid. Each treatment was replicated thrice. It was revealed that the effect of organic acid on feed conversion ratio were 1.48,1.49,1.54 and 1.68 in these different treatments control, Propionic acid, Lactic acid and Citric acid respectively. The cumulative feed intake was found to be 3073.94gm, 2911.46gm, 3338.24gm and 3214.94gm in these different treatments control, Propionic acid, Lactic acid and Citric acid respectively. Similarly, water intake were found to be 356.79ml, 350.28ml, 400.97ml and 355.51ml in these different treatments control, Propionic acid, Lactic acid and Citric acid respectively. From the overall experiment, we observed that control feed gave less feed conversion ratio (FCR) though mortality rate was higher. The FCR was found to be less in propionic acid as comparison to other organic acids and the mortality rate was found to be lowest as well. Cumulative feed intake were highest in lactic acid treatment and lowest in propionic acid treatment and water intake were highest in lactic acid treatment and lowest in propionic acid treatment. So, we can conclude that the effect of lactic acid on water intake and feed intake were found to be better whereas the effect of propionic acid was found to be better on feed conversion ratio.
EFFICACY OF CHITIN SYNTHESIS INHIBITORS IN ARRESTING GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF OKRA JASSID, AMRASCA BIGUTTULA BIGUTTULA (ISHIDA)
Authors: Joarder Joysree , Khan Mohammed Abul Monjur , Das Gopal
Published: November 2021

Chitin synthesis inhibitors (CSIs) are potential inhibitory chemical compound that disrupt molting process by interfering chitin synthesis and kill insects before attaining maturity. In this study, some chitin synthesis inhibitors (CSIs) viz. Tacoma 40SC (Buprofezin), Heron 5EC (Lufenuron), Pyrifen 10.8EC (Pyriproxifen) and Chitosan 75WP were tested against okra jassid, Amrasca biguttula biguttula (Ishida) to elucidate their potential effects in arresting body growth and development. The nymphs of jassids were exposed to selected CSIs through different application methods like topical, leaf-dip and the combination of both topical and leaf-dip. Weight data was collected at 7 days after treatment (DAT) application. Results showed that all of the CSIs except Chitosan had significant effect on the body weight reduction of okra jassid. Growth reduction was clearly concentrations and application method dependent. It has shown that higher concentrations were found to be more effective than lower concentrations. Bioassay study has showed that all the selected CSIs became able to enter in the insect body through contact as well as stomach action to disrupt molting process by inhibiting chitin synthesis that confirmed the contact and systemic actions of the selected CSIs. This study recommends that Tacoma 40SC @ 1.0 ml/L, Heron 5EC @ 1.5 ml/L and Pyrifen 10.8 EC @ 1.5 ml/L may be the potential alternatives of conventional neurotoxic insecticides in controlling jassids as they reduced 50-60% weight compared to untreated control. Moreover, protocols developed in this study for jassids collection and their safe transferring inside the petri dishes would be a useful and convenient approach for the researchers.
INSECTICIDAL AND INHIBITORY POTENTIAL OF TWO CHITIN SYNTHESIS INHIBITORS, BUPROFEZIN AND LUFENURON ON OKRA SHOOT AND FRUIT BORER, EARIAS VITTELLA
Authors: Sharmin Asfia , Das Gopal
Published: November 2021

In this laboratory study, insecticidal and inhibitory potential of two chitin synthesis inhibitors (CSIs) viz. Buprofezin and Lufenuron were evaluated against okra shoot and fruit borer (OSFB). CSIs were applied on three days old larvae through different bioassay methods like topical or direct, okra-dip or indirect and combined (topical + leaf-dip). Data were collected on larval mortality, weight reduction and deformations of larvae and adults. Results showed that larval mortality and weight reduction were clearly dose, application methods and time dependent. In case of both CSIs, the highest mortality was found @ 1.0 ml/L that was followed by 0.75 ml and 0.50 ml/L respectively. Likewise, the highest body weight reduction was also found from 1.0 ml/L. In both cases, the concentration 0.5 ml/L was found less effective. In case of application methods, combined bioassay method was found superior than that of rest of the two methods. Moreover, a significant percentage of deformed larvae and adults were developed when 3 days old larvae were treated with either Buprofezin or Lufenuron @ 1.0 ml/L through combined bioassay method. The concentration 0.5 ml/L had very less efficacy on the development of deformed larvae or adults. Therefore, based on the laboratory findings Buprofezin and Lufenuron may be the potential component in IPM programmed, rather than their individual application, for controlling okra shoot and fruit borer as well as production of safe okra.
Navigating Uncharted Waters: Teachers Collaborating Across Difference
Authors:   , Hynds Anne
Published: November 2021

This thesis provides a unique navigational story which describes my own careful exploration of a collaborative dynamic when culturally diverse teachers worked together on a unique professional development initiative. Between 2001 and 2003 the Ministry of Education in Aotearoa/New Zealand funded the first phase of an action research initiative, Te Kauhua/Maori in the Mainstream Pilot Project, in a number of schools across the country. This initiative aimed to improve teaching practice and outcomes for Maori students through the development of collaborative partnerships between MÃ ori and non-Maori within participating school communities. I worked to gather the stories of teachers' collaborative partnership work, from various perspectives over a period of two years, in two schools which had taken part in this first phase of this government funded project. The immediate result of such collective work was a commitment to work together for change and improvement in practice, and an apparent transformation in the thinking and practices of many teachers. My initial analysis highlighted partnership mechanisms and processes which held much promise and which had enabled the beginnings of change within and across both school communities. However as I continued my investigation over time I came to realise that sustaining change and development in schools, targeted at student groups who have been marginalised in the education system for a long time, was more complex than I first realised. Beneath the surface, in both schools, were submerged influences which militated against continuation and acceptance of such collaborative partnership work within and across both cultural communities. It became increasingly clear that a lack of shared vision across the schools generally, together with active resistance on the parts of particular groups, contributed to destroying the respect, trust and partnership that I thought had been established within the staff communities. This thesis therefore outlines the opportunities, challenges and threats to collaborative partnership work that aims to improve practice and outcomes for culturally diverse students.
The Impact of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Technology on Business-to-Business Customer Relationships
Authors:   , Richard James Edward
Published: November 2021

Recent academic and practitioner studies suggest that Customer Relationship Management (CRM) provides improved business opportunity, yet has received mixed performance reviews in the extant literature. This research explored the relationship between CRM technology adoption, market orientation and relationship marketing, and the subsequent impact on business relationships and relationship performance. A conceptual model was developed based on the literature and information obtained through one-to-one in-depth interviews. The model incorporated key relationship constructs; trust, commitment and communications quality, and investigated the impact of CRM technology adoption on these constructs and relationship performance. In addition the firm's market and technology orientation was considered as critical antecedents to the adoption of CRM technology. The research incorporated a two-phased, cross-sectional design. The first research phase was exploratory, utilising one-on-one in-depth interviews with key informants. The objective was to explore the conceptualised CRM technology adoption - customer relationship model for robustness and realism. These findings were used to refine the CRM technology adoption - customer relationship model and the measurement instrument before proceeding with the explanatory phase of the study. The explanatory phase of the research consisted of an instrument development stage - creating, testing and finalising the research instrument, followed by a quantitative study of medium and large business in the manufacturing, services and wholesale industries in New Zealand. The objective of this stage of the research was to test and validate the CRM technology adoption - customer relationship model and measurement instruments. Measures of CRM technology adoption were collected from the supplier firms, while measures of relationship strength and relationship performance were collected separately from the customer perspective. The benefits for practitioners include methods to improved relationship and business performance from CRM technology implementation. The key benefit for academia is the development of a conceptual model linking CRM technology to RM, and providing insights into the synergies available from technology.
An ICT-Based Distance Education Model: an Evaluation of ICT-Based Modes at the University of the South Pacific
Authors:   , Devi Pramila
Published: November 2021

This study developed a model for evaluating the ability of ICT-based modes of communication to foster an effective learning environment, by creating telepresence, flexibility, interaction and collaboration, for distance learners at the University of the South Pacific (USP). The model is formulated on the basis of the educational relationship triad developed by Hall and Kidman (2002). Concepts and attributes from foundations of distance education; new models of distance education; and learning theories, which build on the educational relationships are identified and integrated into the ICT-based distance education model developed in the thesis. The study employed a multi-perspective evaluation design with survey questionnaires as the main technique of data collection. Interviews and online conferencing data was used in triangulation to support the main technique of data collection. Nine ICT-based modes of communication used for distance education at USP were assessed in this study. These are video broadcast, audio conferencing, video conferencing, the Web, email, and WebCT-based homepages, text chat, mail and discussion boards. There are two key findings of this study. The first set of findings reveals that the ICT-based distance education model developed in the thesis provided a useful framework for the evaluation of ICT-based modes of communication at USP. The second set of findings shows that distance learners at USP found the use of ICT-based modes of communication fostered an effective learning environment for them, by enhancing telepresence, flexibility, interaction and collaboration. The extent to which the four key attributes were enhanced in each course was influenced by the use of varying modes of communication, the pedagogical design of the course, access to Internet facilities, and the age,  occupation and cultural background of distance learners.
The Carbon Footprints of Beef and Lamb: A Lifecycle Approach to Measuring the Sustainability of New Zealand's Primary Produce
Authors:   , Goldberg Amelie
Published: November 2021

Carbon footprints show the carbon impacts of food products. They are argued here to reflect these impacts more accurately than 'food miles'. New Zealand research has shown that our major primary sectors are more efficient in terms of carbon dioxide emissions than their British equivalents over the farming and shipping stages of the lifecycle. However, little research has examined other stages, such as road and rail freight and meat processing within New Zealand. Furthermore, the agro-food sector only has partial knowledge about its greenhouse gas  GHG) emissions from 'farm gate to plate' and is not yet fully prepared to implement GHG mitigation strategies. The aims of this study are to 1) calculate the carbon footprints of beef and lamb produced and consumed in New Zealand using a lifecycle approach (including all GHGs), and 2) evaluate, through key stakeholder interviews, the applicability of the carbon footprint concept to New Zealand for addressing consumer environmental concerns. The calculations show that the GHG footprints (all GHGs) of beef and lamb are comprised, for the most part, of on-farm methane and nitrous oxide emissions. Domestic and international freight contribute less than 5% to these footprints, and data from a case study of two meat processing plants suggest that meat processing emissions contributes even less than freight emissions. When leaving aside on-farm methane and nitrous oxide emissions, meat processing and freight contribute less than half to the carbon dioxide (CO2) footprints. Interviews conducted for this study show that key stakeholder attitudes to these issues are varied. Responses from government representatives centred on the need to support the agro-food sector in responding to foreign market demands; the response from industry was mixed but suggests that it is prepared to account for its GHG emissions, showing a preference for carbon footprints over food miles. Environmental NGOs warned that there are risks to New Zealand if it continues to rely on a 'clean green' image mostly due to its natural comparative advantage, and fails to account for its emissions.
Stakeholder Perceptions of Tourism Development in Marahau/New Zealand: a Role for Participatory Approaches and GIS
Authors:   , Hasse Julia
Published: November 2021

Abstract Tourism research is increasingly focusing on community participation and stakeholder collaboration in tourism planning. It is argued that sustainable development outcomes require the integration of community perspectives into the planning processes, and that the views of different stakeholders must be communicated effectively to interested parties. These core issues are explored in this thesis. I draw upon advances made in participatory research in development studies and introduce these to tourism planning. The thesis also introduces participatory approaches and GIS (PAGIS) as a tool that can be blended into a framework that facilitates a better understanding of stakeholders' perceptions towards tourism, and therefore has the potential to improve community participation and stakeholder interaction in tourism planning. The case study used in this thesis is Marahau, a small community in New Zealand located at the gateway to an icon of New Zealand's tourism industry, the Abel Tasman National Park. The community has undergone rapid transformation from an agriculture-based economy to an expanding tourism destination. The recent increase in visitor numbers, tourism businesses, and permanent residents in the community have resulted in major management and planning issues concerning the future of Marahau. This research highlights the changes that tourism development has brought to the community and presents the various perceptions of stakeholders in this particular setting. The research shows that to plan for more sustainable forms of tourism development the subjective perspectives and the roles of all stakeholders need to be understood and integrated into a responsive planning framework. PAGIS can increase the number and diversity of people able to participate in decision-making. PAGIS integrates 'expert' and 'local' knowledge that can result in more responsive planning procedures to enhance tourism's potential to act as a force for more sustainable development.
The Effect of Opiates on the Developing Cerebral Cortex
Authors:   , Sargeant Timothy John
Published: November 2021

Opiate drugs, such as codeine, morphine and heroin are powerful analgesics and drugs of abuse. The unborn child is invariably exposed to opiate drugs as a consequence of maternal use. Studies that have investigated the impact of opiate drugs demonstrated opioid system expression in proliferating regions of the developing brain, as well as on proliferative astroglia taken from the developing central nervous system. The effects of opiates on astroglial proliferation (largely mediated by the mu opioid receptor) are predominantly inhibitory, but are extremely context dependent. This context dependency exists because of the complexity resident within the opioid signalling system. However, since this previous research was conducted, there has been impressive progress made in the field of developmental neurobiology with the demonstration that cells of astrocytic lineage are responsible for the generation of the central nervous system. It was therefore the aim of the current research project to investigate the developmental impact of opiate exposure in the context of the foetal mouse cerebral cortex. This aim was divided into 3 separate aims that comprised of; determining the cellular localisation of the mu opioid receptor, the effects of opiate exposure on cortical progenitor cells, and to determine the effect of opiate exposure on the development of the cerebral cortex itself. The mu opioid receptor was expressed on proliferative radial glia of both the embryonic day 15.5 (neurogenic) and embryonic day 18.5 (gliogenic) ventricular zone of the dorsal forebrain. Interestingly and significantly, the mu opioid receptor-positive glia observed in the embryonic day 18.5 mouse forebrain were also observed at a comparable developmental stage in the foetal human forebrain. Morphine exposure slowed down G2 phase of the cell cycle at embryonic day 15.5 in the neurogenic murine cortical ventricular zone. This opiate-induced slowing in cell cycle progression was shown not to impact on proliferation in the ventricular zone, although future research should address whether this perturbation altered differentiation or developmental maturation of the radial glia. Morphine exposure throughout corticogenesis decreased levels of doublecortin expression (a migratory neuronal marker) at the end of gestation. Postnatally, mice exposed to morphine during corticogenesis also showed decreased numbers of neurons in layer V of the cerebral cortex. Collectively, this thesis presents the first evidence that shows morphine affects cortical progenitor cells in vivo. This research supports the possibility that the opioid system plays an endogenous role in corticogenesis. The clinical significance is morphine has the potential to perturb normal development of the cerebral cortex.