bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A generalized Stoilow decomposition for pairs of mappings of integrable dilatation
Authors: Lorent Andrew
Published: April 2013

We prove a rigidity result for pairs of mappings of integrable dilatation whose gradients pointwise deform the unit ball to similar ellipses. Our result implies as corollaries a version of the generalized
Stoilow decomposition provided by Theorem 5.5.1 of
[Elliptic Partial Differential Equations and Quasiconformal Mappings in the Plane, Princeton University Press, Princeton, 2009] and the two-dimensional rigidity result of [Calc. Var. Partial Differential Equations (2012), DOI 10.1007/s00526-012-0566-4] for mappings whose symmetric part of gradient agrees.

Specifically let

u
,
v
∈

W

1
,
2

(
Ω
,

ℝ
2

)

${u,v\in W^{1,2}(\Omega ,\mathbb {R}^2)}$

where

det
(
D
u
)
>
0

${\det (Du)>0}$

,

det
(
D
v
)
>
0

${\det (Dv)>0}$

a.e. and u is a mapping of integrable dilatation. Suppose for
a.e.

z
∈
Ω

${z\in \Omega }$

we have

D
u

(
z
)

T

D
u

(
z
)

=
λ
D
v

(
z
)

T

D
v

(
z
)

for

some

λ
>
0

.

$
Du(z)^T Du(z)=\lambda Dv(z)^T Dv(z) \quad \text{for some ${\lambda >0}$.}
$

Then there exists a meromorphic function ψ and a homeomorphism

w
∈

W

1
,
1

(
Ω
:

ℝ
2

)

${w\in W^{1,1}(\Omega :\mathbb {R}^2)}$

such that

D
u

(
z
)

=
𝒫

ψ
(
w
(
z
)
)

D
v

(
z
)

$
Du(z)=\mathcal {P}\bigl (\psi (w(z))\bigr )Dv(z)
$

where

𝒫

(
a
+
i
b
)

=

a

-
b

b

a

.

$
{\mathcal {P}(a+ib)= \binom{a \quad -b}{b \quad a}}.
$

We show by example that this result is sharp in the sense that there can be no continuous relation between the gradients of D
u and D
v on a dense open connected subset of Ω unless one of the mappings is of integrable dilatation.
On metrically complete Bruhat–Tits buildings
Authors: Martin Benjamin , Schillewaert Jeroen , Steinke Günter F. , Struyve Koen
Published: April 2013

Metrical completeness for Bruhat-Tits buildings is a natural and useful condition. In this paper we determine which Bruhat-Tits buildings are metrically complete up to certain cases involving infinite-dimensionality and residue characteristic 2.
Global shutter pixels with correlated double sampling for CMOS image sensors
Authors: Meynants Guy
Published: April 2013

This article describes the operation and performance of global shutter pixels with correlated double sampling for CMOS image sensors. Correlated double sampling is required to keep the read noise at a level comparable to interline transfer CCDs. A pixel with voltage domain in-pixel sampling of the floating diffusion reset and signal levels is explained and its noise performance is modeled. The saturation level of this pixel is analyzed and parasitic light sensitivity is discussed. The pixel is benchmarked against other global shutter pixels that allow correlated double sampling, based upon charge domain in-pixel storage.
Die American Antiquarian Society wurde 200
Authors: Gabel Gernot U.
Published: April 2013

Die American Antiquarian Society wurde 1812 gegründet mit dem Ziel, die schriftlichen Zeugnisse der frühen Besiedlung des Kontinents zu sammeln und zu bewahren. Der privat finanzierte Verein wurde zunächst wie ein Herrenclub geführt und entwickelte sich erst im 20. Jahrhundert zu einer Vereinigung mit breitgefächerter Mitgliedschaft, die heute internationales Renommee genießt wegen ihrer einzigartigen Kollektion an gedruckten Materialien aus der frühen Geschichte der amerikanischen Nation.
Open Access – ein Aspekt ethischer Grundsätze?
Authors: Boyer Jens
Published: April 2013

Das Prinzip des Open Access wird in der bibliothekarischen Praxis vorrangig anhand von rechtlichen, technischen, finanziellen und strukturellen Fragestellungen thematisiert. Dieser Beitrag untersucht die ethischen Aspekte von Open Access angesichts der Bedeutung dieses Prinzips für den freien Zugang zu Informationen anhand eines Vergleichs der ethischen Kodizes der Berufsverbände Bibliothek und Information Deutschland (BID), American Library Assocation (ALA) und International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA).
Das 10. Symposium „Handschriften und Alte Drucke“ in Blaubeuren
Authors: Paasch Kathrin
Published: April 2013

Auf dem 10. Symposium „Handschriften und Alte Drucke“ das vom 22. bis 24. Oktober 2012 von der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Handschriften und Alte Drucke beim DBV in Zusammenarbeit mit der Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen und dem Verein deutscher Bibliothekare veranstaltet wurde, diskutierten 44 Teilnehmerinnen und Teilnehmer aus Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz über neueste Entwicklungen bei der Erhaltung, Erwerbung, Erschließung historischer Handschriften- und Buchbestände und über den Umgang mit historischen Sammlungen. Der Beitrag berichtet über die Schwerpunkte dieser Veranstaltung.
False myths and legends in laboratory diagnostics
Authors: Lippi Giuseppe , Plebani Mario
Published: April 2013

Remarkable advances in understanding human biology in health and disease, propelled by technological innovations, have contributed to an increase in the number and quality of diagnostic tests. This evolving scenario has been accompanied by the proliferation of false myths and legends in laboratory diagnostics, consuming valuable human and economic resources and jeopardizing the clinical reasoning. The aim of this article is to provide a synthetic overview about some paradigmatic examples of false beliefs in laboratory diagnostics involving activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), cardiospecific troponins, ischemia modified albumin (IMA), D-dimer, prostate specific antigen (PSA), dibucaine number, Bence Jones protein (BJP), lipoprotein(a), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), potassium and reference ranges. Although the suggestive cases described in this article are not intended to be comprehensive, we hope that their description may help remove some mysticisms in laboratory diagnostics.
Analog of selfduality in dimension nine
Authors: Fino Anna , Nurowski Paweł
Published: April 2013

We introduce a type of Riemannian geometry in nine dimensions,
which can be viewed as the counterpart of selfduality in four
dimensions. This geometry is related to a 9-dimensional
irreducible representation of

S
O
(
3
)
×
S
O
(
3
)

$\textup {SO}(3) \times \textup {SO}(3)$

and
it turns out to be defined by a differential 4-form. Structures
admitting a metric connection with totally antisymmetric torsion
and preserving the 4-form are studied in detail, producing locally homogeneous examples which can be viewed as analogs of self-dual 4-manifolds in dimension nine.
Fetal death associated with diffuse mesangial sclerosis combined with bilateral multicystic kidney
Authors: Bellini Martina , Rizzuti Tommaso , Ardissino Gianluigi , Boito Simona , Fogliani Roberto , Lalatta Faustina
Published: April 2013

Prenatal diagnosis of kidney disease has been greatly increased due to the improvement of antenatal ultrasound techniques, even if a level of uncertainty in differential diagnosis still leads to difficulties in the prediction of fetal outcome and in the counseling of parents. We have followed with ultrasound a 36-year-old secundigravida, referred for fetal renal ultrasound evaluation because of enlarged bilateral cystic kidneys and anhydramnios. Karyotype was normal (46,XY). On the 21st week, the kidneys were slightly enlarged with normal morphology. Beginning with the 28th week, repeated scans showed a reduction of amniotic fluid and an increasing number of renal cysts. Pregnancy was followed to the 37th week when fetal death occurred without warning. Postmortem gross examination showed bilateral enlarged kidneys and histology-defined diffuse mesangial sclerosis with poorly developed cortex and renal dysplasia with multiple cysts. This is an unusual case of multiple renal congenital abnormalities difficult to interpret and which made necessary a multidisciplinary approach due to its complexity. Nevertheless, etiology was not defined. The broad spectrum of antenatal manifestation of prenatally onset kidney diseases requires the identification of more prognostic signs to define fetal outcome and improve parental guidance.
Applying systems biology in drug discovery and development
Authors: Galizzi Jean-Pierre , Lockhart Brian Paul , Bril Antoine
Published: April 2013

Translational research is a continuum between clinical and basic research where the patient is the center of the research process. It brings clinical research to a starting point for the drug discovery process, permitting the generation of a more robust pathophysiological hypothesis essential for a better selection of drug targets and candidate optimization. It also establishes the basis of early proof for clinical concept studies, preferably in phase I, for which biomarkers and surrogate endpoints can often be used. Systems biology is a prerequisite approach to translational research where technologies and expertise are integrated and articulated to support efficient and productive realization of this concept. The first component of systems biology relies on omics-based technologies and integrates the changes in variables, such as genes, proteins and metabolites, into networks that are responsible for an organism’s normal and diseased state. The second component of systems biology is in the domain of computational methods, where simulation and modeling create hypotheses of signaling pathways, transcription networks, physiological processes or even cell- or organism-based models. The simulations aim to show the origin of perturbations of the system that lead to pathological states and what treatment could be achieved to ameliorate or normalize the system. This review discusses how translational research and systems biology together could improve global understanding of drug targets, suggest new targets and approaches for therapeutics, and provide a deeper understanding of drug effects. Taken together, these types of analyses can lead to new therapeutic options while improving the safety and efficacy of new and existing medications.
From ring epimorphisms to universal localisations
Authors: Marks Frederik , Vitória Jorge
Published: April 2013

For a fixed ring, different classes of ring epimorphisms and localisation maps are compared. In fact, we provide sufficient conditions for a ring epimorphism to be a universal localisation. Furthermore, we consider recollements induced by some homological ring epimorphisms and investigate whether they yield recollements of derived module categories.
Averaging operators over nondegenerate quadratic surfaces in finite fields
Authors: Koh Doowon
Published: April 2013

We study
mapping properties of the averaging operator related to the variety

V
=
{
x
∈

𝔽
q
d

:
Q

(
x
)

=
0
}

$ V=\lbrace x\in \mathbb {F}_q^d: Q(x)=0\rbrace $

, where Q(x) is a nondegenerate quadratic polynomial over a finite field
𝔽
q
with q elements. This paper is devoted to eliminating the logarithmic bound
proved by Koh and Shen (to appear in Proc. Edinb. Math. Soc.). As a consequence, we settle down the averaging problems over the quadratic surfaces V in the case when the dimensions d ≥ 4 are even and V contains a d/2-dimensional subspace.
Melamine-formaldehyde resin supported H+-catalyzed three-component synthesis of 1,8-dioxo-decahydroacridine derivatives in water and under solvent-free conditions
Authors: Rezaei Ramin , Khalifeh Reza , Rajabzadeh Maryam , Dorosty Liela , Doroodmand Mohammad Mahdi
Published: April 2013

A convenient and practical synthesis of 1,8-dioxo-decahydroacridine derivatives using various aldehydes, 5,5-dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexanedione and thiourea in water, was successfully carried out in the presence of melamine-formaldehyde resin supported H+ (MFRH) as a catalyst. Under solvent-free conditions, rapid and efficient synthesis of 1,8-dioxo-decahydroacridine and N-substituted 1,8-dioxo-decahydroacridine derivatives could also be achieved using ammonium acetate and aromatic amines as the nitrogen source.
New heterocyclic chalcones. Part 6. Synthesis and cytotoxic activities of 5- or 6-(3-aryl- 2-propenoyl)-2(3H)-benzoxazolones
Authors: Ivanova Yordanka B. , Momekov Georgi T. , Petrov Ognyan I.
Published: April 2013

A number of chalcones bearing an oxazole cycle were synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation of 5-acetyl-2(3H)-benzoxazolone or 6-acetyl-2(3H)-benzoxazolone and the appropriate aldehydes. The chalcones were evaluated for cytotoxic activity against several tumor cell lines – BV-173 (human B cell precursor leukemia), MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 (human breast adenocarcinoma) using the MTT-dye reduction assay. The tested compounds exhibit concentration-dependent cytotoxic effects at micromolar concentrations. Exposure of the BV-173 tumor cell line to compound 3f results in strong mono- and oligonucleosomal fragmentation of genomic DNA, as evidenced by a ‘cell death detection’ ELISA kit, which unambiguously indicates that the induction of apoptosis is implicated in the cytotoxic mode of action of the tested compound.
Poly(ethylene)glycol/AlCl3 as a new and efficient system for multicomponent Biginelli-type synthesis of pyrimidinone derivatives
Authors: Amoozadeh Ali , Rahmani Salman , Nemati Firouzeh
Published: April 2013

Biginelli condensation of aldehydes, cyclopentanone and urea or thiourea in poly(ethylene)glycol 400, at 45°C in the presence of aluminum chloride as a highly efficient catalyst has been developed. The reaction is very fast, clean and environmentally benign for the synthesis of a vast variety of pyrimidinone derivatives.
Tailoring the effect of antibacterial polyelectrolyte multilayers by choice of cellulosic fiber substrate
Authors: Illergård Josefin , Römling Ute , Wågberg Lars , Ek Monica
Published: April 2013

There is a need for new, antibacterial cellulose-based materials. Antibacterial cellulosic fibers with irreversibly attached polyvinylamine (PVAm) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) in multilayers were developed based on a water-based physical adsorption process. The antibacterial substance is thus prevented from leaching, in contrast to materials containing, for example, silver. It was shown on fibers from different sources that the antibacterial effect against both Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis can be tailored. The efficiency correlated with the initial fiber charge, which in turn correlated with the amount of adsorbed PVAm. In the case of highly charged fibers, the antibacterial efficacy was more than 99.9%. A sustainable antibacterial material can be obtained in a simple way based on a water-based process.
Determination of cohesive laws in wood bonded joints under mode I loading using the DCB test
Authors: Silva Filipe G.A. , Xavier Jose , Pereira Fábio A.M. , Morais José J.L. , Dourado Nuno , Moura Marcelo F.S.F.
Published: April 2013

The cohesive laws (CLs) have been investigated by means of direct and inverse methods concerning wood bonded joints under pure mode I. The experimental results were obtained by tests with double cantilever beam. The direct method is based on the differentiation of the relation between strain energy release rate and crack opening displacement at the crack tip. An equivalent crack method was used to evaluate the strain energy release rate in the course of the test without monitoring the crack length, which is difficult to observe exactly. The crack opening displacement was determined by postprocessing local displacements measured by digital image correlation. The inverse method requires a previous assumption of the CL shape, and as such, a trilinear law with bilinear softening relationship was selected. The cohesive parameters were identified by an optimization procedure involving a developed genetic algorithm. The idea is to minimize an objective function that quantifies the difference between the experimental and the numerical load-displacement curves resulting from the application of a given law. A validation procedure was performed based on a numerical analysis with finite elements. Both methods in focus provided good agreement with the experimental data. It was observed that CLs adopted by the inverse method are consistent with the ones obtained with the direct method.
Chemical and biochemical approaches to the production of 7-hydroxylated C19-steroids
Authors: Ferroud Clotilde , Revial Gilbert , Morfin Robert
Published: April 2013

Interest has developed into 7-hydroxylated derivatives of 3β-hydroxylated C19-steroids, such as dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and epiandrosterone because of their effects on inflammation, immune response, and cell repair. These steroids are not currently available from commercial sources, and it is necessary to produce them for relevant studies. We report here the chemical and biochemical approaches that were used for their production. Simplified chemical approaches lead to the production of 7α-/7β-hydroxy-DHEA and 7β-hydroxy-epiandrosterone in gram quantities, which are made available to researchers. Biochemical approaches were used to produce isotope-labeled compounds. Thus, 2H-, 3H-, and 14C-labeled 7α-/7β-hydroxy-DHEA and 7β-hydroxy-epiandrosterone could be produced in quantities sufficient for use in investigations into their mode of action.
Effect of Two Kinds of Refiners on the Solidification Structure and Property of Invar Alloy
Authors: Zheng Hong-guang , Yao Li-jiang , Xu Heng
Published: April 2013

The solidification structure of two 500 g cylindrical ingots of Fe-36Ni invar alloy, which were melted in a carbon tube furnace and cast adding Ce and Zr-Ti refiners respectively, were investigated. The results showed that the grain size became smaller. With the increase of refiner content, the ratio of equiaxed grains of ingot increased and the equiaxed grain size decreased. As for the 100 kg flat ingot, which was melted in a vacuum induction furnace and cast with Ce and Zr-Ti refiners respectively, the situation was different slightly. When adding Ce the dendritic grain diameter of the flat ingot became finer and the equiaxed grain ratio remained low; however, the mechanical property deteriorated. While adding Zr-Ti complex refiners, the solidification structure of the alloy was improved dramatically. Therefore, the mechanical properties at room temperature of as-cast flat ingots were improved. Furthermore, its high temperature ductility range expanded and the expansion coefficient of its hot-rolling plate remained almost the same.
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Studies of Corrosion of Two-phase Ni-Dy Alloys in Molten (0.62Li,0.38K)2CO3 at 650 °C
Authors: Liu S.N. , Su W. , Lv W.Y. , Wei Z.F. , Zeng C.L.
Published: April 2013

The dissolution of the NiO cathodes and the corrosion of bipolar plates are great obstacles to the commercialization of molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFC). Rare earth element dysprosium is effective in inhibiting the corrosion of Ni in molten carbonates. In this presentation, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was employed to study the corrosion behavior of two-phase Ni-Dy alloys containing 1 and 3 wt.% Dy, respectively, in molten (0.62Li,0.38K)﻿2CO3 at 650 °C in air. The experimental results indicate that the Nyquist plots for the corrosion of both Ni-1Dy and Ni-3Dy are all composed of a small capacitive loop at high frequencies and a line at low frequencies, but with larger impedance values for Ni-3Dy. The emergence of Warburg impedance at low frequencies suggests that the corrosion of alloys is controlled by the diffusion of oxidants in molten carbonates, as observed for pure nickel. The addition of dysprosium to nickel can decrease its corrosion rate, with a better effectiveness for the 3% Dy addition. Based on the diffusion impedance, the oxidants involved in corrosion are also discussed.
Assessment of non-conflict related marital quality from the perspective of Chinese adolescents
Authors: Fok Hung-Kit , Shek Daniel T.L.
Published: April 2013

An indigenous Chinese measure of non-conflict related marital quality attributes from the perspective of adolescent children was developed. Based on a comprehensive literature review and focus group interviews of social workers and adolescents, 14 categories of themes (i.e., respect, appreciation, responsibility, trust, body touch, togetherness, intimacy, communication, acceptance, concern, criticism, consistency, helping, and response) were identified, and a scale assessing adolescent perception of inter-parental non-conflict related attributes was developed. A panel of experts was formed to determine the relevance, clarity and representativeness of the developed items to assess the content validity of the measure, after which the views of the experts were used to further refine the scale. The findings showed that the final 60-item measure had high relevance, clarity, and representativeness of the construct of non-conflict related attributes in inter-parental relationships. The developed measure is a pioneering effort in both Chinese and international contexts.
On p-deficiency in groups
Authors: Barnea Yiftach , Schlage-Puchta Jan-Christoph
Published: April 2013

Recently, Schlage-Puchta proved super-multiplicity of
Clinical risk factors for complete and partial placental retention – a case-control study
Authors: Klar Maximilian , Laub Martina , Schulte-Moenting Juergen , Proempeler Heinrich , Kunze Mirjam
Published: April 2013

Objective: We sought to investigate the incidence, maternal risk factors, and perinatal outcomes of women with complete and partial placental retention in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Southwestern Germany.

Study design: We performed an unmatched case-control study with cases occurring between July 2000 and June 2007. Women were included into the study if they completed at least the 24th week of gestation and were diagnosed with placental retention requiring surgical intervention. We selected two controls per case and performed univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to identify risk factors for complete and partial placental retention.

Results: A total of 161 cases (2.02%) were identified out of 7978 deliveries. The 1-year prevalence of all types of placental retention continuously increased during the 6-year study period from 0.93% to 3.26%. A significant independent risk factor for all types of placental retention in the multivariate logistic regression model was a previous retention of the placenta [odds ratio (OR)=21.723, 95% confidence interval (CI) 6.07–77.7]. Independent protective factors against all types of placental retention were a non-anterior and non-posterior placenta location (OR=0.561, 95% CI 0.35–0.91), and a cesarean delivery with (OR=0.193, 95% CI 0.09–0.40) and without labor (OR=0.482, 95% CI 0.27–0.86). Women without partial placental retention delivered neonates with better 5-min APGAR scores (OR=0.78, 95% CI 0.65–0.95).

Conclusion: A thorough medical history and a vigilant prepartum ultrasound help in identifying women at risk for placental retention.
Estimating player contribution in hockey with regularized logistic regression
Authors: Gramacy Robert B. , Jensen Shane T. , Taddy Matt
Published: April 2013

We present a regularized logistic regression model for evaluating player contributions in hockey. The traditional metric for this purpose is the plus-minus statistic, which allocates a single unit of credit (for or against) to each player on the ice for a goal. However, plus-minus scores measure only the marginal effect of players, do not account for sample size, and provide a very noisy estimate of performance. We investigate a related regression problem: what does each player on the ice contribute, beyond aggregate team performance and other factors, to the odds that a given goal was scored bytheirteam? Due to the large-p(number of players) and imbalanced design setting of hockey analysis, a major part of our contribution is a careful treatment of prior shrinkage in model estimation. We showcase two recently developed techniques – for posterior maximization or simulation – that make such analysis feasible. Each approach is accompanied with publicly available software and we include the simple commands used in our analysis. Our results show that most players do not stand out asmeasurablystrong (positive or negative) contributors. This allows the stars to really shine, reveals diamonds in the rough overlooked by earlier analyses, and argues that some of the highest paid players in the league are not making contributions worth their expense.
A review of nanotechnology development in the Arab World
Authors: Alfeeli Bassam , Al-Rawashdeh Ma’moun , Bumajdad Ali , Al Lawati Haider , Abdelgawad Mohamed , Baccar Zouhair M. , Salem Issam Ben , Benaskar Faysal
Published: April 2013

A growing number of initiatives on nanotechnology research, education, and industry have been recently launched by several Arab countries to quickly build scientific capacity and track worldwide developments in nanotechnology. Some countries, namely, the oil-rich countries, have allocated large funds to support these initiatives, which are intended to serve the national interests in energy, water and food supply, medicine, and local industry. The other Arab countries are also pursuing nanotechnology, however, with fewer funds but with more human resources. This study assesses the current status of nanotechnology in the Arab Republic of Egypt, Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, Kingdom of Morocco, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Republic of Tunisia, State of Kuwait, State of Qatar, Sultanate of Oman, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The study is aimed at having a top-level overview of the status of existing, underdevelopment, and planed educational and research programs relevant to nanotechnology. The overview also includes nanotechnology research focus areas, challenges, and opportunities.
Effect of solvents and thermal annealing on the morphology development of a novel block copolymer ionomer: a case study of sulfonated polystyrene-block-fluorinated polyisoprene; J. Polym. Eng. 2013, 33, 49–59
Authors: Hosoda Tomonori , Gido Samuel P. , Mays Jimmy W. , Huang Tianzi , Park Chong Rae , Yamada Toshiro
Published: April 2013

No abstract available.
Säkularisierung oder Individualisierung von Religion?
Authors: Wilke Annette
Published: April 2013

Der Artikel wirft einen religionswissenschaftlichen Blick auf soziologische Theorien zu Religion und Moderne und neuere empirische Befunde,1 und diskutiert dabei auch die inhärente Eurozentrik wirkmächtiger Theoriekonstrukte. Primärer Fokus ist die kontrovers geführte Debatte, ob sich die religiöse Gegenwartskultur Europas durch Säkularisierung oder Individualisierung auszeichne. Diese Frage ist nicht nur eine der Empirie, vielmehr sind auch der perspektivische Blick und der Religionsbegriff entscheidend, ob Religion wahrgenommen wird oder nicht. Dies tangiert v. a. sogenannt postmoderne Spiritualität, deren Ausdrucksformen mit einem herkömmlichen Religionsbegriff, der sich an offizieller, institutionalisierter Religion (insb. dem Christentum) orientiert, nicht erfasst werden können. Heute sind sie jedoch gerade auch unter Kirchenmitgliedern zu finden. Dies ist einer der teilweise überraschenden Befunde der länderübergreifenden quantitativen Erhebungen des Religionsmonitor 2008. In einem ersten Teil des Artikels werden die Resultate und ihre ganz unterschiedlichen Auswertungen dargestellt und analysiert. Ein zweiter Teil thematisiert wirkmächtige Modernetheorien und die Adaptions- und Wandlungsprozesse in der Theoriebildung, die sich unter dem Druck der Empirie (insb. politischer Ereignisse) zu ständigen Neujustierungen gezwungen sah – bis hin zum heutigen Hang, die Säkularisierungs- wie auch die Privatisierungsthese aufzugeben oder umzucodieren.
Relationship between serum TSH levels and intrarenal hemodynamic parameters in euthyroid subjects
Authors: Tsuda Akihiro , Inaba Masaaki , Ichii Mitsuru , Ochi Akinobu , Ohno Yoshiteru , Nakatani Shinya , Yamada Shinsuke , Mori Katsuhito , Tahara Hideki , Ishimura Eiji
Published: April 2013

Objective

Low thyroid function may be associated with a reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) calculated on the basis of creatinine metabolism. Thyroid hormone directly affects serum creatinine in muscle and low thyroid function might exert a similar direct effect in the kidney. The goal of the study was to evaluate this possibility by assessment of the inulin-based GFR and to examine the mechanism underlying the reduction of GFR.

Patients and methods

Renal and glomerular hemodynamics were assessed by simultaneous measurements of plasma clearance of para-aminohippurate (CPAH) and inulin (Cin) in 26 patients with serum creatinine <1.00 mg/dl and without thyroid disease. All subjects were normotensive with or without antihypertensive treatment and were kept in a sodium-replete state. Renal and glomerular hemodynamics were calculated using Gomez's formulae.

Results

Serum TSH, including within the normal range (0.69–4.30 μIU/ml), was positively correlated with vascular resistance at the afferent arteriole (Ra) (r=0.609,P=0.0010), but not at the efferent arteriole (Re). Serum TSH was significantly and negatively correlated with renal plasma flow (RPF), renal blood flow (RBF), and GFR (r=−0.456,P=0.0192;r=−0.438,P=0.0252;r=−0.505,P=0.0086 respectively). In multiple regression analysis, serum TSH was significantly positively associated withRaafter adjustment for age and mean blood pressure.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that low thyroid function, even within the normal range, is associated with reduced RPF, RBF, and GFR, which might be caused by a preferential increase inRa.
Adubação verde e nitrogenada na cultura do trigo em plantio direto
Authors: Viola Ricardo , Benin Giovani , Cassol Luís César , Pinnow Cilas , Flores Mariana Faber , Bornhofen Elesandro
Published: April 2013

Pouco se sabe sobre os benefícios do cultivo de adubos verdes sobre o desempenho da cultura do trigo, cultivada em sucessão e, até que ponto, pode substituir ou reduzir a adubação nitrogenada mineral. Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho avaliar a produção e decomposição de matéria seca bem como o acúmulo e liberação de nutrientes de plantas de cobertura de solo (nabo forrageiro, ervilhaca comum, ervilha forrageira, tremoço e feijoeiro) e quantificar seus efeitos sobre o desempenho da cultura do trigo, cultivada em sucessão, sob diferentes doses de adubação nitrogenada (sem adição de nitrogênio, 40, 80 e 120 kg ha-1). O experimento foi desenvolvido no município de Pato Branco (PR), em duas safras agrícolas, em sistema de plantio direto. O nabo forrageiro e o tremoço acumularam as maiores quantidades de cálcio e potássio. A ervilha forrageira e o nabo forrageiro destacam-se pela produção de matéria seca, acúmulo de nitrogênio, fósforo, potássio, bem como pela decomposição e liberação de nitrogênio para a cultura do trigo em estádios fenológicos de maior demanda deste nutriente. A relação C/N (superior a 40) dos restos culturais do milho e feijoeiro não possibilitou equilíbrio entre os processos de mineralização e imobilização. Os adubos verdes promoveram acréscimos significativos na produtividade de grãos em comparação ao pousio. Houve resposta do trigo à aplicação de nitrogênio mineral, e esta foi dependente da planta de cobertura antecessora.
Taxonomia de solos desenvolvidos sobre depósitos sedimentares da formação Solimões no estado do Acre
Authors: Bernini Thiago de Andrade , Pereira Marcos Gervasio , Fontana Ademir , Anjos Lúcia Helena Cunha dos , Calderano Sebastião Barreiros , Wadt Paulo Guilherme Salvador , Moraes André Geraldo de Lima , Santos Lauana Lopes dos
Published: April 2013

Os solos do Estado do Acre na maioria são formados sobre material de origem com grande influência da orogênese Andina, com elevados teores de Ca2+, Mg2+ e Al3+ concomitantemente, associado às combinações diferenciadas dos valores da CTC, V e m. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar e classificar os solos de uma topossequência sobre material sedimentar da Formação Solimões, no município de Feijó, Acre. Foram abertas trincheiras em três pontos de uma topossequência: terço superior (P1), terço médio (P2) e terço inferior (P3). Os solos foram analisados quanto a morfologia, granulometria (areia, silte e argila), complexo sortivo (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+ e Al3+), acidez potencial (H+Al), P assimilável, pH (água e KCl), superfície específica, ataque sulfúrico (óxidos de Fe, Al, Ti e Si), mineralogia (frações areia, silte e argila). Os solos foram classificados segundo o Sistema Brasileiro de Classificação de Solos (SiBCS, 2006) e apresentada uma proposta de classificação considerando as peculiaridades do solos da região. Os solos têm baixo grau de desenvolvimento pedogenético, com minerais da fração argila de alta atividade, além da presença de minerais primários, como feldspatos e plagioclásios, nas frações areia e silte. Os solos foram classificados segundo o SiBCS atual como Argissolo Vermelho Álitico plíntico (P1), Argissolo Acinzentado Distrófico plíntico (P2) e Cambissolo Háplico Ta Eutrófico típico (P3).
Avaliação de preparações antigênicas de Strongyloides stercoralis para o imunodiagnóstico da estrongiloidíase
Authors: Rossi Cláudio Lúcio , Takahashi Emília Emiko Hieda , Teixeira Angela Lauand Sampaio , Barros-Mazon Sílvia de , Trevisan Rose Clélia Grion
Published: April 2013

Preparações antigênicas de Strongyloides stercoralis para o imunodiagnóstico da estrongiloidíase têm sido tradicionalmente obtidas pela extração de antígenos do parasita com solução salina. No presente trabalho, após obtenção da preparação antigênica de S. stercoralis com extração salina, a fração residual foi solubilizada com uréia, e as duas preparações foram avaliadas para o imunodiagnóstico da estrongiloidíase, através de uma técnica imunoenzimática. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre as duas preparações, em termos de atividade antigência específica e reatividade cruzada. A dificuldade de obtenção de larvas de S. stercoralis tem sido um fator limitante para o desenvolvimento de reações mais sensíveis e específicas que possam ser empregadas no imunodiagnóstico da estrongiloidíase. A possibilidade de um maior rendimento, em termos de material antigênico ativo, abre perspectivas de fracionamento do extrato bruto do parasita, na tentativa de se encontrar frações com maior atividade antigênica específica e menor reatividade cruzada.
Prevalencia de infeccion a Trypanosoma cruzi en donadores de sangre en el Estado de Jalisco, Mexico
Authors: Trujillo Contreras Francisco , Lozano Kasten Felipe , Soto Gutiérrez M. Margarita , Hernández Gutiérrez Rene
Published: April 2013

Durante el periodo de Octubre de 1991 a Marzo de 1992, se tomaron 3419 muestras de donadores de sangre de 12 localidades rurales y de 8 hospitales urbanos a los que se les realizo un estúdio serológico mediante la reacción de hemaglutinación indirecta encontrándose anticuerpos contra Trypanosoma cruzi en 44 indivíduos 39 masculinosy 5 femininos. El 90,9% de donantes fueron masculinos. De acuerdo a su procedencia, el 73,5% fué del área urbana y el 26,5% del área rural. De acuerdo a los resultados el riesgo de transmisión de T. cruzi por transfusión sanguinea está latente por la creciente urbanización de la enfermedad de Chagas.
Aspectos epidemiológicos da AIDS/HIV no Brasil
Authors: Guimarães Mark Drew Crosland , Castilho Euclides Ayres de
Published: April 2013

Os autores apresentam uma descrição da evolução da epidemia da AIDS no Brasil, apontando as tendências temporais no que se refere aos grupos populacionais mais atingidos. Apresentam também comparações regionais bem como projeções da extensão da infecção pelo HIV e de casos de AIDS. Dentre as conclusões mais importantes destaca-se a preocupante disseminação do HIV na população heterossexual e entre os usuários de droga injetáveis, principalmente na região sudeste do país.
Neuropatologia da Sindrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida (AIDS)
Authors: Chimelli Leila , Rosemberg Sérgio
Published: April 2013

O sistema nervoso é freqüentemente comprometido em pacientes com a síndrome de imunodeficiência adquirida. As lesões observadas podem decorrer da ação direta do vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV), de agentes oportunistas, do aparecimento de neoplasias e de eventuais fatores inespecíficos como alterações circulatórias, metabólicas ou degenerativas. Dentre as alterações diretamente relacionadas à ação do HIV estão a encefalite e a leucoencefalopatia do HIV, a poliodistrofia difusa e a mielopatia vacuolar. A patogenia destas lesões ainda não está plenamente elucidada, sendo que os macrófagos são as principais células infectadas pelo HIV, parecendo que os efeitos citotóxicos sobre as células do sistema nervoso sejam indiretos, talvez a partir de substâncias liberadas pelos macrófagos infectados. Dentre as infecções oportunistas, a mais freqüente é a toxoplasmose, seguida da criptococose e da infecção pelo citomegalovírus, com algumas diferenças nas séries dos vários países. Vários outros agentes já foram observados no sistema nervoso de pacientes com AIDS. Dentre as neoplasias, o linfoma primário de células B é o mais freqüentemente encontrado. E comum o achado de mais de uma infecção ou a associação de infecções e neoplasia no sistema nervoso de pacientes com AIDS.
Associação entre glioxalase I e paracoccidioidomicose-infecção
Authors: Balarin Marly A.S. , Freire-Maia Déríia Villalba
Published: April 2013

Com o objetivo de se estudar a susceptibilidade genética à paracoccidioidomicose- infecçâo, procurou-se determinar uma possível associação entre a glioxalase 1 e a reação intradérmicaàparacoccidioidina. O fenótipo GLO 1 ocorreu em freqüência significativamente mais alta entre os indivíduos com reação positiva.
Re-evaluation of the basic procedures involved in the storage of measles vaccine in public health units of the municipality of Niterói, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: Oliveira Solange A. , Loureiro Maria L.P. , Kiffer Carlos R.V. , Maduro Luiz M.F.
Published: April 2013

Four years after the first visit seventeen public health units were visited again and evaluated as to standards of storage recommended by the Brazilian Immunization Programme. In 100% of the units, refrigerators and proper inside location of vaccines in the refrigerator were adequatety or regularfy maintained and checked, respectively. However, when control of temperature was checked, onfy 64.7% presented adequate storage conditions. In 94.1 % of the units, health workers complained of lack of immediate technical support in emergency situations. In 55.2 % the titers vaccine samples of were under the minimal recommended potency. It is necessary that the factors concerning the cold chain be continualfy evaluated so that the quality of the vaccines that will be used is not affected.
Quimioprofilaxia da malária com mefloquina na amazônia brasileira
Authors: Santos João Barberino , Prata Aluízio , Wanssa Eduardo
Published: April 2013

Em estudo randômico dupb-cego, 122 voluntários morando em área endêmica de malária na Região Amazônica (Estado de Rondônia) foram divididos em quatro grupos para estudo da supressão malárica. O grupo 1 recebeu 500mg de mefloquina a cada quatro semanas; o grupo II 250mg de mefloquina a cada duas semanas; o grupo III um comprimido de Fansidar (500mg de sulfadoxina + 25mg de pirimetamina) por semana e o grupo IV, recebeu apenas placebo. Um ataque agudo de malária ocorreu em um indivíduo do grupo 1, em dois indivíduos do grupo II e em seis indivíduos dos grupos III e IV. A proteção verificada nos grupos em uso de mefloquina foi significantemente superior comparada ao grupo placebo. A mefloquina, em ambas as dosagens usadas, mostrou-se efetiva na supressão malárica em uma área onde o Plasmodium falciparum plurirresistente é altamente prevalente.
Estudo longitudinal do eletrocardiograma na doença de Chagas desde a fase aguda
Authors: Pedrosa Roberto C. , Cançado J. Romeu , Decache Waldemar
Published: April 2013

Vários trabalhos com eletrocardiograma na doença de Chagas têm sido feitos. Alguns referindo-se a grupos selecionados de casos, outros a estudos longitudinais, relatam as características da mortalidade nas diversas fases da doença. Com o objetivo de avaliar o valor do eletrocardiograma como índice de avaliação terapêutica e de seu comportamento na doença de Chagas desde a fase aguda, no presente trabalho, analisou-se evolutivamente o eletrocardiograma de 42 pacientes (18 mulheres e 24 homens) procedentes da zona rural do Norte de Minas Gerais; predomínio etário foi nas duas primeiras décadas; todos com comprometimento cardíaco; todos receberam tratamento específico. O acompanhamento dos 42 pacientes foi de 9 anos dos quais 3 pacientes tiveram seguimento de 20 anos. Foram analisados 270 eletrocardiogramas. Nós utilizamos os seguintes critérios para a análise do ECG: código de Minnesota modificado para doença de Chagas; WHO/I. S. F. C. TASK FORCE para condução intraventricular e critérios de Pieretti para área eletricamente inativa. Concluímos que as alterações eletrocardiográficas agravam com a evolução da doença e que o eletrocardiograma não serve de índice de avaliação terapêutica.
Intestinal helminthiases in Ecuador: the relatíonship between prevalence, genetic, and socioeconomic factors
Authors: Cooper Philip J. , E. Angel Guevara , Guderian Ronald H.
Published: April 2013

Prevalence of infection with the intestinal helminths, Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Ancylostoma duodenale and Strongyloides stercoralis was examinedin 632 residents of communities in Esmeraldas province of Ecuador. These communities were divided into two groups according to area of habitation which reflected different socioeconomic circumstances. Attempts were made to correlate infection status with race and ABO blood group phenotype. The racial groups included blacks, Chachi amerindians, and mixed-race mestizos. Greater prevalences of infection were seen in the area oflower socioeconomic status. No racial or blood group associations with helminth infection were seen controlling for socioeconomic status.
Longitudinal study of the indirect immunofluorescence and complement fixation tests for diagnosis of chagas' disease in immunosuppressed patients submitted to renal transplantation
Authors: Figueiredo José Fernando de Castro , Fiorillo Adhemar Mário , Ferraz Agenor Spallini
Published: April 2013

Clinical and serological follow-up of 7 patients submitted to renal transplantation and presenting positive serological reactions to Chagas 'disease before immunossupression did not show significant changes in indirect immunofluorescence and complement fixation titres for Chagas ' disease, or signs and symptoms indicating exacerbation of the disease during follow- up. In addition, 18 of 66 recipients of renal transplants considered to be non-chagasic before immunosuppression showed at least one positive result to the indirect immunofluorescence test for Chagas ' disease during the study period. The results suggest that the immunosuppression State induced in chagasic patients submitted to renal transplant did notpromoted exacerbation of the chronic infection in these patients and not interfere with the serological response of chronic chagasics, thus permitting the use of these serologic reactions for diagnostic purposes in these cases. However, the positive results ofthe indirect immunofluorescence test in non- chagasic patients indicate the needforjudicious interpretation ofthe indirect immunofluorescence test for the diagnosis of Chagas' disease in renal transplanted patients.
Prevalencia de Demodex folliculorum e Demodex brevis em uma amostra da população de Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil
Authors: Madeira N.G. , Sogayar M.I.L.
Published: April 2013

Pela primeira vez no Brasil foi realizado um levantamento para se conhecer a distribuição do D. folliculorum e D. brevis no homem. Uma amostra de 100 pessoas atendida em clínica estética foi examinada, procurando-se estudar a associação entre a presença de ácaros e fatores como idade, raça e sexo do hospedeiro. O material colhido da região facial dos indivíduos foi montado em lâminas com o meio de Berlese. Das 100 pessoas examinadas, 72 % foram positivas. Dos casos positivos, 51 % estavam infestados pelo D. folliculorum, 2% pelo D. brevis e 19% apresentaram-se parasitados por ambas as espécies.
Growth and differentiation on a trypanosome of the subgenus Schizotrypanum from the bat Phyllostomus hastatus
Authors: Hamanaka Sônia I. , Pinto Artur da S.
Published: April 2013

The effects of temperature, pH, osmolarity and aeration on the growth and differentiation of a trypanosome ofthe subgenus Schizotrypanum isolatedfrom the bat Phyllostomus hastatus were studied. In general, the growth characteristics ofthe flagellate were similar to those of Trypanosoma (Schizotrypanum) cruzi. However, the parasite did not growth at 33 or 37C. Increase in the osmolarity and aeration promoted growth at 33C. Significant metacyclogenesis was detected only in the growth condition where maximal growth occured (28C, pH 7.3, 380m0s/kg, in tissue cullure flasks), at the end ofthe exponential growth phase. The begining of the metacyclogenesis process was coincident with most glucose utilization and lowest pH. During metacyclogenesis both culture medium pH and osmolarity increased steadly.
Labrea-like hepatitis in Vitoria, Espirito Santo state, Brazil: report of a case
Authors: Pereira Fausto Edmundo Lima , Musso Carlos , Lucas Elton de Almeida
Published: April 2013

A case of fulminat hepatitis with microvesicular steatosis resembling Labrea 's fever, diagnosed in Vitoria (ES) is reported. The 16 year old bcy presented with severe epistaxis, agitation, jaundice and hemorrhagic vomiting and died two days after admission to the emergency unit of the Vnivesity Hospital. The disease started five days before with fever, myalgias, dark urine and jaundice andprogressed withpsychic agitation, torpor and coma. The liver andspleen were notpalpable. HBsAg was negative in the serum. The autopsy showed acute hepatitis with tylic necrosis confluent in the midizonal and periportal areas with massive microvesicular steatosis in the remaining hepatocytes. Mononuclear cellspredominated in the exudate. The reticulum showed condensation in the necrotic areas without typical bands of collapse. The portal tracts were edematous with mononuclear infiltration and mild bile duct proliferation. Absence of cholestasis. Exceptfor the confluent midzonalandperiportal necrosis this case showed several clinical and morphological aspects of the Labreafever describedfrom the East Amazon, demonstrating that the anatomical picture of this disease probabty is not in related to afactor peculiar to the Amazon region.
Leptospirose em crianças no Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Cruz Maria Letícia Santos , Andrade Jarbas , Pereira Martha Maria
Published: April 2013

Afim de obter dados sobre as manifestações clínicas da leptospirose em crianças, foram revistos 188 exames sorológicos realizados em pacientes com idade entre 0 e 12 anos no Laboratório de Referência Nacional para Leptospirose (FIOCRUZ-RJ) no período de janeiro de 1983 ajunho de 1991. Cinquenta e dois (27,6%) soros eram reagentes. Vinte etrês (12,2%) crianças tinham evidênciasorológica de infecção aguda. Os sinais e sintomas mais freqüentemente encontrados nestes casos foram: febre (100%); mialgias (69,5%); cefaléia (52,1%); icterícia (47,8%); vômitos (34,8%); dores abdominais, manifestações hemorrágicas e disfunção renal (17,4%); conjuntivite (13%); hepatomegalia (4,3%).
Avaliação do cetoconazol em camundongos inoculados com Paracoccidioides brasiliensis pela histopatologia de fígado e baço e pela intradermorreação de paracoccidioidina
Authors: Silva Maria do Rosário Rodrigues , Paiva Landia Fernandes de , Jesuino Rosália Santos Amorim
Published: April 2013

Camundongos machos albinos, foram inoculados por via intravenosa com 0,5xl07 células leveduriform.es viáveis de Paracoccidioides brasiliensis da amostra rotulada como Pb 2052 e tratados diariamente com cetoconazol nas dosagens de 50 e 100mg/kg durante 50 dias e em seguida sacrificados. Observou-se o número de parasitas .formação de granulomas no fígado e baço e reação de hipersensibilidade retardada usando-se antígeno de P. brasiliensís preparada segundo Fava Neto, inoculado na pata direita do animal. Verificou-se que: 1. cetoconazol diminuiu acentuadamente o número de parasitas encontrados no fígado e baço; 2. não havia diferença entre o número de granulomas formados no baço e fígado de animais tratados e não tratados; 3. a intensidade dos testes cutâneos tardios foram similares em todos os animais.