bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Technical Note for a Dataset of U.S. School Bus Fleets
Authors: Lazer Leah , Freehafer Lydia , Wang Jessica
Published: June 2024

This technical note describes the methods used to create a dataset of the composition of school bus fleets in the United States. The dataset contains data from 46 states and the District of Columbia, with information including the school district that the school bus serves, its model year, fuel type, manufacturer, seating capacity and ownership model. WRI researchers compiled the dataset by submitting records requests to state governments between March and November 2022.
Hukum Tata Negara Tentang Perkembangan Tata Urutan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan yang Pernah Ada di Indonesia
Authors: Triadi Irwan , Anshari Muhammad Faqih Al
Published: June 2024

: Komponen penting dari sistem hukum ketatanegaraan Indonesia adalah evolusi tatanan hukum negara. Perkembangan sistem hukum, termasuk konstitusi, peraturan perundang-undangan, perintah eksekutif, perintah presiden, dan peraturan daerah, dibahas secara berkala dalam artikel ini. Dalam hal ini, penting untuk mengkaji bagaimana lembaga-lembaga negara seperti pemerintah, Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat, dan lembaga peradilan memengaruhi pembuatan, penerapan, dan penegakan hukum. Esai ini menggunakan teknik yuridis normatif dengan strategi studi kepustakaan dalam penelitiannya, yaitu penelitian hukum yang menitikberatkan pada norma-norma hukum yang meliputi perjanjian, kaidah, asas, norma, dan ketetapan. Hukum tata negara adalah seperangkat peraturan yang mengatur tentang organisasi umum negara, fungsi, tugas, dan kekuasaan perangkat negara, wilayah negara, status penduduknya, dan hak asasi manusia. Kita tidak hanya dapat memahami apa itu hukum tata negara, namun kita juga dapat mempelajari apa yang diajarkan di dalamnya. Satu hal yang dapat kita pelajari dari hukum ketatanegaraan adalah perbedaan gagasan dan pendekatan yang digunakan untuk menerapkannya di berbagai negara. Memahami perubahan tatanan hukum dan peraturan dapat membantu mengidentifikasi pola, permasalahan, dan potensi reformasi yang dapat memperkuat sistem hukum tata negara Indonesia. Selain itu, hukum tata negara mempunyai beberapa fungsi. Salah satu tujuan tersebut adalah untuk meningkatkan minat masyarakat terhadap hukum tata negara dengan mendorong lebih banyak kajian mengenai topik tersebut, dengan tujuan akhir untuk meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat terhadap hukum tata negara.
Tinjauan Terhadap Peran Aktif Warga dalam Menerapkan Nilai Kewarganegaraan di Masyarakat: Studi Kasus di Lingkungan RT 027/RW 009 Kelurahan Mojoroto Kota Kediri
Authors: Aqilla Aqna Khoiru , Rahmasari Aulia Prita
Published: June 2024

Partisipasi aktif masyarakat dalam mewujudkan nilai-nilai kewarganegaraan untuk menghasilkan atmosfer yang sejuk dan serasi merupakan aspek penting dalam kesejahteraan komunitas. Di dalam lingkungan RT 027 RW 009 di Kelurahan Mojoroto, Kota Kediri, diharapkan setiap individu sebagai warga negara memiliki kontribusi yang signifikan, dengan menggalang kerjasama antaranggota masyarakat untuk mencapai tujuan bersama. Upaya ini memerlukan kesadaran yang mendalam tentang pentingnya nilai-nilai kewarganegaraan, yang dapat ditanamkan melalui pendidikan yang merata dan pemahaman yang meluas di kalangan masyarakat. Keterlibatan dalam proses demokrasi, upaya penegakan hukum, serta kegiatan pembangunan komunitas juga memiliki peran vital dalam mencapai tujuan tersebut. Namun, beberapa tantangan seperti keterbatasan sumber daya, rendahnya tingkat pendidikan, dan minimnya dukungan dari pemerintah lokal dapat menghalangi partisipasi aktif masyarakat dalam upaya tersebut. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pembangunan lingkungan yang kondusif untuk mendorong partisipasi aktif warga melalui pendekatan pendidikan yang inklusif, terlibat dalam kegiatan komunitas, dan memanfaatkan teknologi digital sebagai sarana penghubung yang efektif. Selain itu, revitalisasi kearifan lokal dan tradisi yang relevan dalam masyarakat juga menjadi strategi yang berpotensi untuk menggerakkan semangat partisipasi. Dengan mengimplementasikan pendekatan-pendekatan ini, diharapkan masyarakat dapat terlibat secara aktif dalam pembentukan lingkungan yang lebih harmonis, beragam, dan saling mendukung.
Strategi DASHAT-IPPE Untuk Mengatasi Stunting di DKI Jakarta
Authors: Nursamsiyah Putri , Wava Ainun , Muthi Amirah Zahra , Setiawan Cindyaningsih , Sani Esya Fitria , Ali Muhamad Khaedar , Yuliani Shahibah
Published: June 2024

Jakarta as a metropolitan city still faces very complex problems, one of which is stunting. Stunting is a condition in which children experience stunted or stopped growth due to chronic malnutrition, usually occurring during early growth. The purpose of this study is to determine the picture of stunting in DKI Jakarta and reveal the DAHSAT-IPPE strategy to overcome stunting in DKI Jakarta. The research method used is a literature study, which synthesizes and analyzes data from various relevant sources. The results showed that there are factors and causes of stunting in Jakarta, such as parents' economic income, parents' education, parenting and nutrition, infant weight at birth, infant feeding and feeding schedules as well as parents' knowledge and behavior towards nutrition. Therefore, strategies that can be done to overcome stunting are DAHSAT (Healthy Kitchen to Overcome Stunting), Immunization, Nutrition Action Program (ABG), Supplementary Feeding (PMT) and Clean Water and Healthy Latrine (ABS) Education.
Assessment of the Implementation of Flipped Classroom Setup in DIFEQUATIONS at Holy Angel University – School of Engineering and Architecture
Authors:   Faculty of General Engineering, Holy Angel University, Angeles City, Pampanga, Philippines, Tiongson Hazel T. , Florencondia Noel T. ,   Faculty, Graduate School, Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology, Nueva Ecija, Philippines, Pascual Lorinda E. ,   Faculty, Graduate School, Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
Published: June 2024

Flipped classroom is an interactive teaching approach which provides active learning. In the first semester of school year 2023-2024, flipped classroom was implemented in DIFEQUATIONS under the School of Engineering and Architecture of Holy Angel University. Basic knowledge about each topic were provided by the instructors to the students before the in-campus sessions with the aid of asynchronous discussions such as pre-recorded videos and module resources and online assignments through the university’s learning management system. Students were equipped with fundamental principles and knowledge which were utilized during their in-campus sessions where active and interactive learning took place, acquiring them with mathematical skills and competencies. This study was conducted to know the perception of the second year engineering students who were enrolled in DIFEQUATIONS when flipped classroom was carried out. Ten statements regarding the evaluation of the General Engineering program, which was the implementation of flipped classroom in DIFEQUATIONS, were rated by the students and indicated strongly agree response with an average rating of 4.34. Students responded agree with the flipped classroom approach, getting an average rating of 4.10, which were the evaluations from thirty statements regarding flipped classroom. Suggestions and comments were solicited from the students to recognize the challenges, know the feedback and identify ways to improve the implementation of flipped classroom. Flipped classroom was a good way of understanding, studying and learning, where students were able to grasp each lesson in a more accessible and engaging process.
Static, Rigid Dynamics and Computational Fluid Dynamic Simulation of a Zero Co2 and Zero Heat Pollution Compressed Air Engine for the Urban Transport Sector
Authors:   Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, National Advanced School of Engineering (ENSPY) University of Yaounde 1, Cameroon, Fru Ngang Tangie , Kom K. Yvan Armel ,   Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, National Advanced School of Engineering (ENSPY) University of Yaounde 1, Cameroon, Nebo K. Yohan Arnold ,   Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, National Advanced School of Engineering (ENSPY) University of Yaounde 1, Cameroon, Biyeme Florent ,   Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, National Advanced School of Engineering (ENSPY) University of Yaounde 1, Cameroon, Kanmogne Abraham ,   Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, National Advanced School of Engineering (ENSPY) University of Yaounde 1, Cameroon
Published: June 2024

This article presents major findings created during a research work for sustainable solutions towards the ozone layer depletion and global warming in the name of modeling and simulating a zero CO2 and zero heat pollution compressed air engine adapted for cities in the Tropics like Cameroon. The static, dynamic and fluid dynamic simulations of the engine conceptual models; products of kinematic and dynamic analyses of the engine realized earlier, led to the adoption of the best engine model for the considered output expectations. This model has for which was set thanks to how the model proved its resistance to extreme static, rigid movements and fluid solicitations. The method used in this work gives room for some flexibility in the designing process of the engine considering it is a systemic transition from expected values to end internal dimensions of the final model.
Challenging Glass 8
Authors: Louter Christian
Published: June 2024

Dedicated as we are to the high standards of the Challenging Glass Conferences, we are once again proud to present a very promising programme. No less than five keynote speakers will share their original insights on glass with us: Stéphany Le Rhun on glass and circularity; Julian Jones on glass and bio-based materials; Markus Feldmann on the oncoming Eurocode on the Design of Glass Structures; and finally Robert Capel and Iris Rombouts on their latest glass projects. In addition, over 70 papers will be presented by experts from around the world, showcasing the latest findings in academia, practice and industry. Moreover, a special session on adhesive bonding in glass construction is organised by the European COST Action CertBond CA18120 - Reliable roadmap for certification of bonded primary structures.
Shortcomings in the JET Programme as a Vehicle for English Pronunciation Teaching by Native Speakers
Authors: Brown Charles Allen
Published: June 2024

The Japan Exchange and Teaching (JET) Programme is a longstanding and influential government initiative employing thousands of immigrant teachers throughout Japan. The JET instructional delivery model is characterized by periodic classroom visits from largely untrained English native-speaking teachers who serve as classroom assistants with the licensed teacher – typically a Japanese individual – being in charge. This model was adopted to promote international contact and authentic language exposure with the JET teacher being especially responsible for teaching oral communication. This study focused on empirically examining their pronunciation teaching since there has been little assessment of how the JET instructional delivery model addresses this important dimension of oral communication. To do so, 4879 teaching activities created by JET participants were analyzed in terms of how they addressed critical aspects of pronunciation teaching. Results indicated important shortcomings, including little integration of pronunciation into the curriculum, weak links between listening to notice phonological features and subsequent learner production, poor coverage of the various dimensions of phonology, a lack of attention to assessing learners’ pronunciation needs, and inaccurate presentation of phonology especially through English transcribed into the Japanese katakana writing system. The findings suggest shortcomings inherent in the JET-style instructional delivery model, especially attributable to its recruitment of untrained NS teachers, their sporadic appearance in particular classrooms, and their responsibilities in creating and teaching oral communication lessons. This project is thus important not only within Japan, but also in other contexts where the JET-style model has been embraced as a vehicle for seeking to match native-speaker language skills to student needs.
Keywords: English Language Teaching, JET Programme, Katakana English, Native Speaker Fallacy, Pronunciation
AUDIT APLIKASI ONLINE DATA SISTEM (ODS) MENGGUNAKAN COBIT 4.1
Authors: Lusiana Uyunun , Imtihan Khairul , Zaen Mohammad Taufan Asri
Published: June 2024

Online Data Sistem (ODS) merupakan sebuah sistem berbasis web yang digunakan untuk mengelola dan memantau data Koperasi dan Usaha Kecil Menengah (UKM) yang ada di Kabupaten Lombok Tengah, untuk mempermudah proses administrasi dan pelaporan yang dapat meningkatkan efisiensi, transparansi, akurasi, serta mendukung pengambilan keputusan lebih baik oleh Dinas Koperasi dan UKM. Untuk mengetahui bahwa ODS dapat berjalan dengan standard dan regulasi yang berlaku perlu diadakan audit sistem untuk memastikan kepatuhan, keamanan, efisiensi operasional, integritas data, pengendalian risiko, dan kelangsungan bisnis. Audit menggunakan framework COBIT 4.1. Tahapan proses audit ODS yaitu menentukan business goals dari visi misi dinas Koperasi dan UKM Kabupaten Lombok Tengah, menentukan IT goals berdasarkan business goals, menetakan IT proses dan perhitungan maturity level sebagai acuan dalam memberikan rekomendasi. Berdasarkan visi misi dan permasalahan yang didapatkan dari hasil wawancara dengan Kepala Dinas Koperasi dan UKM dipilih domain PO7 (Mengelola SDM IT), AI2 (Memperoleh dan memelihara aplikasi perangkat lunak) dan DS5 (Memastikan keamanan sistem). Hasil perhitungan maturity level, IT Process pada PO7 mendapatkan nilai 2,54, AI2 mendapatkan nilai 2,80, DS5 mendapatkan nilai 2,52. Berdasarkan nilai perhitungan maturity level didapatkan skala tingkat kematangan Defined Proses. Secara keseluruhan proses atau aktivitas di Dinas Koperasi dan UKM pada tingkat kematangan Defined Proses.
The effects of conservative and surgical approaches in tubal ectopic pregnancy on fertility
Authors: Dur Riza , Nalcakan Aysel , Aytekin Okan , Cirik Derya Akdag , Yaniktepe Basak , Gelisen Orhan
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND:

Medical treatment, expectant approaches, and surgical treatment options are available in the treatment of ectopic pregnancy. Regardless of the treatment, in addition to its effectiveness, the main concern is to limit the risk of relapse and preserve fertility.

OBJECTIVES:

Determine the impact of medical or surgical treatment for ectopic pregnancy on future fertility.

DESIGN:

Retrospective

SETTING:

Department of obstrtrics and gynecolgy at Ankara Etlik Zübeyde Hanım Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Patients who were treated for ectopic pregnancy between June 2016 and November 2019 were allocated into two groups. Expectant approach or medical treatment by methotrexate constituted the conservative treatment group while salpingectomy by laparoscopy indicated the surgical treatment group.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:

Fertility rates within two years following treatment were evaluated according to treatment options.

SAMPLE SIZE:

202 patients

RESULTS:

Of the 202 patients, 128 had medical treatment and 74 patients had surgical treatment for ectopic pregnancy. Of 272 diagnosed with ectopic pregnancy, 70 were excluded for various reasons. Parity and unemployment rate was significantly higher in the surgical treatment (
P
=.006 and
P
=.12, respectively). Moreover, ectopic mass size and serum β-hCG levels were significantly higher in the surgical treatment group (
P
<.001 and
P
<.001, respectively). There were no significant differences between the conservative and surgical treatment groups in time to pregnancy (17.0 months vs 19.0 months,
P
=.255). Similarly, there was no significant difference between the conservative and surgical treatment groups with respect to history of infertility (
P
=.12). There were no significant differences between the conservative and surgical treatment groups in terms of live birth (51.6% vs 44.6%) and ectopic pregnancy (2.3% vs 1.4%) (
P
=.72 for both). There was no significant difference between the conservative and surgical treatment groups with respect to infertility rate (35.9% vs 41.9%,
P
=.72) and admittance to the IVF program (3.9% vs 6.8%,
P
=.39) following ectopic pregnancy treatment.

CONCLUSIONS:

Reproductive outcomes did not differ significantly in women undergoing expectant management, medical treatment, and surgery for ectopic pregnancy. This finding suggests that clinicians should not hesitate to act in favor of surgical treatment for ectopic pregnancy even if there were concerns for future fertility.

LIMITATIONS:

Retrospective study.
Locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma in adolescents treated with tomotherapy: Experience at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre
Authors: Aldakheel Abdulrahman , Aldehaim Mohammed , Alwhaid Mohammed Saleh , Alhabib Renda , Anwar Muhammad Suhail , Alzayed Balqees , Shehzad Khurram , Ghebeh Hazem , Al-Rajhi Nasser
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND:

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a rare disease worldwide; To the best of our knowledge, there is no established standard of care specifically tailored for the adolescent population. The majority of existing research relies on retrospective data analysis.

OBJECTIVE:

Evaluate clinical features, treatment results, prognostic factors and late toxicities of locally advanced NPC patients treated with tomotherapy.

DESIGN:

Retrospective

SETTINGS:

Tertiary care hospital

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Between January 2007 and January 2020, we treated patients with NPC, aged between 14 and 21 years, with concomitant chemoradiotherapy using tomotherapy at our institution. We prospectively collected details of clinical characteristics, treatment modalities, outcomes and prognostic factors of these patients and then analysed them retrospectively.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:

3-5 years overall survival (OS), 3-5 years locoregional control rate, 3-5 years disease-free survival (DFS), prognostic factors.

SAMPLE SIZE:

51 patients

RESULTS:

There were 26 male and 25 female patients included in our study. The mean age was 16.5 years, 5 (9.8%) patients with stage III, and 46 (90.2%) with stage IVa according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition staging system. Most patients (98%) received two or more cycles of induction chemotherapy. All patients received concomitant chemoradiotherapy. The median total dose of radiotherapy delivered was 6600 cGy (range 4800-7000). With a median follow-up of 73 months (range 9-168 months), a 5-year locoregional control rate, 5-year OS and 5-year DFS rates were 100%, 86.8% and 71.7%, respectively. Five years later, disease control was 71.7%. Ten (19.6%) patients had disease recurrence in the form of distant metastases during the follow up.

CONCLUSIONS:

Helical tomotherapy has an excellent late toxicity profile without compromising clinical outcome for patients with NPC. Radiotherapy remains the mainstay of treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma to achieve remarkable local control rates.

LIMITATIONS:

Single institution experience, small number of patients, and retrospective design.
Assessment of an In-Service Training Activity Transformed into an E-Learning Environment Using the Kirkpatrick Model
Authors: Arslankara Veysel Bilal , Arslankara Elif , Asan İlyas , Külekçi Mehmet , Usta Ertuğrul
Published: June 2024

The aim of this study is to evaluate an in-service training program transformed into an e-learning environment using the Kirkpatrick evaluation model. A single-group experimental design was employed in the research. Thirty teachers who participated in the in-service training program were included in the study. The program was adapted to the e-learning platform and presented to the participants. Data were collected through surveys. 90% of the participants expressed satisfaction with the program, finding the e-learning format beneficial, and liking the content and presentation of the program, stating that it helped reinforce their knowledge. They mentioned a more flexible and comfortable learning experience compared to face-to-face training and acquired the targeted knowledge and skills by the end of the program.
The findings indicate that an in-service training program delivered face-to-face can be successfully transformed into an e-learning environment and evaluated using the Kirkpatrick evaluation model. The e-learning format provided participants with a more flexible and comfortable learning experience. The program significantly improved participants’ knowledge, skills, and behaviors. Adapting the program to similar professional groups can offer various benefits, such as enhancing professional skills, increasing workplace productivity, and improving professional satisfaction.
TRAUMA OF THE NAIL COMPLEX: A MODERN VIEW TO THE PROBLEM OF MEDICAL CARE
Authors: D. S. Shepelev , A. P. Bespalchuk , L. A. Davydova , M. K. Pristrom , D. V. Durov , A. B. Dementsov
Published: June 2024

Despite the fact that the first decade of the XXI century was proclaimed by the World Health Organization as the decade of bone and joint treatment, defining the prevention and treatment of limb injuries as one of the five priority problems of musculoskeletal diseases, there is still no developed generally accepted algorithm for the management of patients with nail phalanx injuries, and the opinions of specialists are often diametrically divergent. Trauma to the distal phalanx of the fingers is one of the most common hand injuries in patients seeking emergency medical care, regardless of gender, age, or occupation. The consequences of nail phalangeal injuries worsen the aesthetic appearance of the hand, reduce the ability to work, and sometimes may even lead to a change in the patients' occupation. When nail complex trauma is combined with a distal phalanx fracture, it is necessary not only to restore the integrity of the nail bed, but also to stabilize the bone fragments. An important point in such situations is the use of a nail plate to temporarily cover the restored nail bed. Firstly, it serves as a stabilizing element for the reponated phalangeal fragments. Secondly, its use leads to a decrease in the percentage of scar formation in the nail bed. During the study, in 39 (37 patients, 80.4%) cases we found an excellent, in 7 (3 patients, 6.5%) – good and in 8 (6 patients, 13.1%) – satisfactory result of treatment. As a result of our study, we have proved that temporary covering of the nail bed with a utilized nail plate or artificial nail plate graft: a) reduces pain during the subsequent stage dressings at the outpatient stage; b) promotes normal growth of a new nail plate; c) accelerates the healing process, as traumatization of the nail bed is minimized; d) the nail plate acts as a natural splint, due to which, in most cases, no additional external fixation is required.
Broadband and filter radiometers at Ross Island, Antarctica: detection of cloud ice phase versus liquid water influences on shortwave and longwave radiation
Authors: Scarci Kristopher , Scott Ryan C. , Ghiz Madison L. , Vogelmann Andrew M. , Lubin Dan
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Surface radiometer data from Ross Island, Antarctica, collected during the austral summer 2015–2016 by the US Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program West Antarctic Radiation Experiment (AWARE), are used to evaluate how shortwave and longwave irradiance respond to changing cloud properties as governed by contrasting meteorological regimes. Shortwave atmospheric transmittance is derived from pyranometer measurements, and cloud conservative-scattering optical depth is derived from filter radiometer measurements at 870 nm. With onshore flow associated with marine air masses, clouds contain mostly liquid water. With southerly flow over the Transantarctic Mountains, orographic forcing induces substantial cloud ice water content. These ice and mixed-phase clouds attenuate more surface shortwave irradiance than the maritime-influenced clouds and also emit less longwave irradiance due to colder cloud base temperature. These detected irradiance changes are in a range that can mean onset or inhibition of surface melt over ice shelves. This study demonstrates how basic and relatively low-cost broadband and filter radiometers can be used to detect subtle climatological influences of contrasting cloud microphysical properties at very remote locations.
Sources of organic gases and aerosol particles and their roles in nighttime particle growth at a rural forested site in southwest Germany
Authors: Song Junwei , Saathoff Harald , Jiang Feng , Gao Linyu , Zhang Hengheng , Leisner Thomas
Published: June 2024

Abstract. The composition, sources and chemical transformation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and organic aerosol (OA) particles were investigated during July–August 2021 at a rural forested site in southwest Germany, 10 km north of the city of Karlsruhe. VOCs and semi-volatile OA particles were measured with a proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometer coupled to the CHemical Analysis of aeRosols ONline particle inlet (CHARON–PTR-MS). The CHARON-measured OA mass accounted for 62 ± 18 % on average of the total OA mass (4.2 ± 2.8 µg m−3) measured concurrently with an aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS). The total concentrations of measured VOCs ranged from 7.6 to 88.9 ppb with an average of 31.2 ± 13.4 ppb. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) was used to identify major source factors of VOCs and OA particles. Three types of oxygenated VOC (OVOC), namely aromatic OVOCs, biogenic OVOCs and aged OVOCs, contributed on average 11 % ± 9 %, 37 % ± 29 % and 29 % ± 21 % of total VOC concentrations, respectively. The results of AMS–PMF indicated substantial contributions of oxygenated organic compounds to OA particle mass. Three secondary OA (SOA) factors determined by CHARON–PMF analysis, namely aromatic SOA (5 % ± 7 %), daytime biogenic SOA (17 % ± 17 %) and nighttime biogenic SOA (28 % ± 21 %), consistently showed high contributions to the total CHARON-measured OA mass. Nighttime particle growth was observed regularly in this area, which was mainly attributed to the semi-volatile organic compounds and organic nitrates formed from the oxidation of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. This study presents the major sources, real-time transformations of VOCs and OA particles, and nighttime particle formation characteristics for central European forested areas.
Distinct Impacts of El Niño-Southern Oscillation and Indian Ocean Dipole on China’s Gross Primary Production
Authors: Yan Ran , Wang Jun , Ju Weimin , Xing Xiuli , Yu Miao , Wang Meirong , Tan Jingye , Wang Xunmei , Wang Hengmao , Jiang Fei
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Gross primary production (GPP) stands as a crucial component in the terrestrial carbon cycle, greatly affected by large-scale circulation adjustments. This study explores the influence of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) on China’s GPP, utilizing long-term GPP data generated by the Boreal Ecosystem Productivity Simulator (BEPS). Partial correlation coefficients between GPP and ENSO reveal substantial negative associations in most parts of western and northern China during the September-October-November (SON) period of ENSO development. These correlations shift to strongly positive over southern China in December-January-February (DJF), then weaken in March-April-May (MAM) in the following year, eventually turning generally negative over southwestern and northeastern China in June-July-August (JJA). In contrast, the relationship between GPP and IOD basically exhibits opposite seasonal patterns. Composite analysis further confirms these seasonal GPP anomalous patterns. Mechanistically, we ascertain that, in general, these variations are predominantly controlled by soil moisture in SON and JJA, but temperature in DJF and MAM. Quantitatively, China's annual GPP demonstrates modest positive anomalies in La Niña and nIOD years, in contrast to minor negative anomalies in El Niño and pIOD years. This results from counterbalancing effects with significantly greater GPP anomalous magnitudes in DJF and JJA. Additionally, the relative changes in total GPP anomalies at the provincial scale display an east-west pattern in annual variation, while the influence of IOD events on GPP presents an opposing north-south pattern. We believe that this study can significantly contribute to our comprehension of how intricate atmospheric dynamics influence China’s GPP on an interannual scale.
A facet based numerical model to retrieve ice sheet topography from Sentinel-3 altimetry
Authors: Aublanc Jérémie , Boy François , Borde Franck , Féménias Pierre
Published: June 2024

Abstract. In this study, we present a facet-based numerical model dedicated to ice sheet radar altimetry. The model simulates Sentinel-3 UnFocused-Synthetic Aperture Radar (UF-SAR) waveforms, by calculating the backscattered radar signal over the 10 m facets of the Reference Elevation Model of Antarctica (REMA). The simulation is exploited to determine the coordinates of the impact point on-ground, where the surface elevation is estimated. The complete processing chain, named the “Altimeter data Modelling and Processing for Land Ice” (AMPLI), provides topography estimations posted at ~330 m along the satellite track. Using ICESat-2 as a reference mission, we evaluated the performance of the AMPLI software over the Antarctic ice sheet. The median bias between Sentinel-3 AMPLI and ICESat-2 ATL06 nearly co-located measurements is estimated at +12 cm, on average over the Antarctic ice sheet. This surface height difference exhibits spatial variations over the Antarctic ice sheet, of the order of few decimetres. These divergences are most likely induced by the terrain characteristics (slope and roughness), and snow volume scattering affecting Ku-band altimetry measurements. The performance improvement is substantial compared to the ESA level-2 products, in particular over the ice sheet margins. For example, where the surface slope is greater than 0.5°, the median bias and the median absolute deviation relatives to ICESat-2 ATL06 are reduced by about 83 % and 90 %, respectively. We also assessed the capability of Sentinel-3 to monitor Surface Elevation Change (SEC) over the Antarctic ice sheet. The comparison between SEC maps from Sentinel-3 AMPLI and ICESat-2 ATL15, calculated over the 2019–2022 period, shows a Pearson correlation of 0.92. The study highlights the benefit of radar signal modelling, in synergy with high resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM), for reducing the slope-induced errors over ice sheets. The results emphasize the potential of the Sentinel-3 constellation for ice sheet mass balance studies.
Modular approach to near-time data management for multi-city atmospheric environmental observation campaigns
Authors: Zeeman Matthias , Christen Andreas , Grimmond Sue , Fenner Daniel , Morrison William , Feigel Gregor , Sulzer Markus , Chrysoulakis Nektarios
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Urban observation networks are becoming denser, more diverse, and more mobile, while being required to provide results in near-time. The Synergy Grant urbisphere funded by the European Research Council (ERC) has multiple simultaneous field campaigns in cities of different sizes collecting data, for improving weather and climate models and services, including assessing the impact of cities on the atmosphere (e.g., heat, moisture, pollutant and aerosol emissions) and people's exposure to extremes (e.g., heat waves, heavy precipitation, air pollution episodes). Here, a solution to this challenge for facilitating diverse data streams, from multiple sources, scales (e.g., indoors, regional-scale atmospheric boundary layer) and cities is presented. For model development and evaluation in heterogeneous urban environments, we need meshed networks of in situ observations with ground-based and airborne (remote-)sensing platforms. In this contribution we describe challenges, approaches and solutions for data management, data infrastructure, and data governance to handle the variety of data streams from primarily novel modular observation networks deployed in multiple cities, in combination with existing data collected by partners, ranging in scale from indoor sensor deployments to regional-scale boundary layer observations. A metadata system documents: (1) sensors/instruments, (2) location and configuration of deployed components, and (3) maintenance and events. This metadata system provides the backbone for converting instrument records to calibrated, location-aware, convention-aligned and quality-assured data products, according to FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) principles. The data management infrastructure provides services (via, e.g., APIs, Apps, ICEs) for data inspection and subsequent calculations by campaign participants. Some near real-time distributions are made to international networks (e.g., AERONET, Phenocam) or local agencies (e.g., GovDATA) with appropriate attribution. The data documentation conventions, used to ensure structured data sets, in this case are used to improve the delivery of integrated urban services, such as to research and operational agencies, across many cities.
Designing and evaluating a public engagement activity about sea level rise
Authors: Vergunst Nieske , Varol Tugce , van Sebille Erik
Published: June 2024

Abstract. In this paper, we describe the design process of a public engagement activity about sea level rise aimed at young adults aged 16 to 25, intended to enhance participants’ response efficacy and perceived relevance. We conducted the activity at multiple occasions and performed a statistical analysis of the impact measurement among 117 participants. Based on the analysis and observations, we conclude that the activity resonated well with our target audience, regardless of their level of science capital, suggesting that a design study approach is well-suited for the development of similar activities.
Dissolved Mn(III) is a key redox intermediate in sediments of a seasonally euxinic coastal basin
Authors: Klomp Robin , Żygadłowska Olga M. , Jetten Mike S. M. , Oldham Véronique E. , van Helmond Niels A. G. M. , Slomp Caroline P. , Lenstra Wytze K.
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Manganese (Mn) is an essential micronutrient and key redox intermediate in marine systems. The role of organically complexed dissolved Mn(III) (dMn(III)-L) as an electron acceptor and donor in marine environments is still incompletely understood. Here, we use geochemical depth profiles and a reactive transport model to reconstruct the seasonality in sedimentary dMn(III)-L dynamics and benthic Mn release in a eutrophic, seasonally euxinic coastal basin (Lake Grevelingen, the Netherlands). We find that dMn(III)-L is a major component of the dissolved Mn pool throughout the year. Our model indicates that, when O2 is present in the bottom water, there are three major sources of pore water dMn(III)-L, namely reduction of Mn oxides coupled to the oxidation of Fe(II), reduction of Mn oxides coupled to organic matter degradation and oxidation of Mn(II) with O2. Removal of pore water dMn(III)-L primarily takes place through reduction by dissolved Fe(II). When bottom waters are euxinic in summer, rates of sedimentary Mn cycling decrease strongly, because of a lower supply of Mn oxides. The dMn(III)-L transformations in summer mostly involve reactions with Fe(II) and organic matter. Benthic release of Mn mainly occurs as dMn(III)-L when bottom waters are oxic, as Mn(II) upon initial bottom water euxinia and as both Mn(II) and dMn(III)-L when the euxinia becomes persistent. Our findings highlight strong interactions between the sedimentary Fe and Mn cycles. Dissolved Mn(III)-L is a relatively stable and mobile Mn species, when compared to Mn(II), and is therefore more easily transported laterally throughout the coastal zone and possibly also to open marine waters.
Multifrequency radar observations of marine clouds during the EPCAPE campaign
Authors: Socuellamos Juan M. , Rodriguez Monje Raquel , Lebsock Matthew D. , Cooper Ken B. , Beauchamp Robert M. , Umeyama Arturo
Published: June 2024

Abstract. The Eastern Pacific Cloud Aerosol Precipitation Experiment (EPCAPE) was a year-round campaign conducted by the US Department of Energy at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in La Jolla, CA, USA, with a focus on characterizing atmospheric processes at a coastal location. The ground-based prototype of a new Ka-, W-, and G-band (35.75, 94.88, and 238.8 GHz) profiling atmospheric radar, named CloudCube, which was developed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, took part in the experiment during 6 weeks in March and April 2023. This article describes the unique data sets that were obtained during the field campaign from a variety of marine clouds and light precipitation. These are, to the best of the authors' knowledge, the first observations of atmospheric clouds using simultaneous multifrequency measurements including 238.8 GHz. These data sets therefore provide an exceptional opportunity to study and analyze hydrometeors with diameters in the millimeter- and submillimeter size range that can be used to better understand cloud and precipitation structure, formation, and evolution. The data sets referenced in this article are intended to provide a complete, extensive, and high-quality collection of G-band data in the form of Doppler spectra and Doppler moments. In addition, Ka-band and W-band reflectivity and Ka-, W-, and G-band reflectivity ratio profiles are included for several cases of interest on 6 different days. The data sets can be found at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10076227 (Socuellamos et al., 2024).
„Der Park als Problemraum“. Regieren städtischer Drogenkulturen am Beispiel des Görlitzer Parks
Authors: Westerheide Frederieke , Michel Boris
Published: June 2024

Abstract. The governing of urban drug use and its economies represents a central aspect of urban governmentality and has played an important role in the production and control of public space in numerous cities of the Global North since the 1970s. Urban drug cultures are often the subject of moral panics and urban policing. At the same time, geographical engagement with the spatial dimensions and effects of governing urban drug cultures is surprisingly rare. Using the example of Görlitzer Park in Berlin's Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg district, this paper examines the spatializing discourses and practices of urban drug policies and shows how looking at the governing of illicit drugs provides a productive lens for analysing forms of urban exclusion, marginalization, and normalization. From a geographical perspective, it is particularly interesting to examine how this form of urban governance mobilizes spatial approaches and representations of space, i.e., how urban drug cultures are spatialized in multiple ways.
EvalHyd v0.1.2: a polyglot tool for the evaluation of deterministic and probabilistic streamflow predictions
Authors: Hallouin Thibault , Bourgin François , Perrin Charles , Ramos Maria-Helena , Andréassian Vazken
Published: June 2024

Abstract. The evaluation of streamflow predictions forms an essential part of most hydrological modelling studies published in the literature. The evaluation process typically involves the computation of some evaluation metrics, but it can also involve the preliminary processing of the predictions as well as the subsequent processing of the computed metrics. In order for published hydrological studies to be reproducible, these steps need to be carefully documented by the authors. The availability of a single tool performing all of these tasks would simplify not only the documentation by the authors but also the reproducibility by the readers. However, this requires such a tool to be polyglot (i.e. usable in a variety of programming languages) and openly accessible so that it can be used by everyone in the hydrological community. To this end, we developed a new tool named evalhyd that offers metrics and functionalities for the evaluation of deterministic and probabilistic streamflow predictions. It is open source, and it can be used in Python, in R, in C++, or as a command line tool. This article describes the tool and illustrates its functionalities using Global Flood Awareness System (GloFAS) reforecasts over France as an example data set.
Evaluation of hydroclimatic biases in the Community Earth System Model (CESM1) within the Mississippi River basin
Authors: O'Donnell Michelle , Murphy Kelsey , Doss-Gollin James , Dee Sylvia , Munoz Samuel
Published: June 2024

Abstract. The Mississippi River is a critical waterway in the United States, and hydrologic variability along its course represents a perennial threat to trade, agriculture, industry, the economy, and communities. The Community Earth System Model version 1 (CESM1) complements observational records of river discharge by providing fully coupled output from a state-of-the-art earth system model that includes a river transport model. These simulations of past, historic, and projected river discharge have been widely used to assess the dynamics and causes of changes in the hydrology of the Mississippi River basin. Here, we compare observations and reanalysis datasets of key hydrologic variables to CESM1 output within the Mississippi River basin to evaluate model performance and bias. We show that the seasonality of simulated river discharge in CESM1 is shifted 2–3 months late relative to observations. This offset is attributed to seasonal biases in precipitation and runoff in the region. We also evaluate performance of several CMIP6 models over the Mississippi River basin, and show that runoff in other models — notably CESM2 — more closely simulates the seasonal trends in the reanalysis data. Our results have implications for model selection when assessing hydroclimate variability on the Mississippi River basin, and show that the seasonal timing of runoff can vary widely between models.  Our findings imply that continued improvements in the representation of land surface hydrology in earth system models may improve our ability to assess the causes and consequences of environmental change on terrestrial water resources and major river systems globally.
Circumarctic land cover diversity considering wetness gradients
Authors: Bartsch Annett , Efimova Aleksandra , Widhalm Barbara , Muri Xaver , von Baeckmann Clemens , Bergstedt Helena , Ermokhina Ksenia , Hugelius Gustaf , Heim Birgit , Leibman Marina
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Land cover heterogeneity information considering soil wetness across the entire Arctic tundra is of interest for a wide range of applications targeting climate change impacts and ecological research questions. Patterns are potentially linked to permafrost degradation and affect carbon fluxes. First, a land cover unit retrieval scheme which provides unprecedented detail by fusion of satellite data using Sentinel-1 (synthetic aperture radar) and Sentinel-2 (multispectral) was adapted. Patterns of lakes, wetlands, general soil moisture conditions and vegetation physiognomy are interpreted at 10 m nominal resolution. Units with similar patterns were identified with a k-means approach and documented through statistics derived from comprehensive in situ records for soils and vegetation (more than 3500 samples). The result goes beyond the capability of existing land cover maps which have deficiencies in spatial resolution, thematic content and accuracy, although landscape heterogeneity related to moisture gradients cannot be fully resolved at 10 m. Wetness gradients were assessed, and measures for landscape heterogeneity were derived north of the treeline. About 40 % of the area north of the treeline falls into three units of dry types with limited shrub growth. Wetter regions have higher land cover diversity than drier regions. An area of 66 % of the analysed Arctic landscape is highly heterogeneous with respect to wetness at a 1 km scale (representative scale of frequently used regional land cover and permafrost modelling products). Wetland areas cover 9 % and moist tundra types 32 %, which is of relevance for methane flux upscaling.
Under and Through Water Datasets for Geospatial Studies: the 2023 ISPRS Scientific Initiative “NAUTILUS”
Authors: Calantropio Alessio , Menna Fabio , Skarlatos Dimitrios , Balletti Caterina , Mandlburger Gottfried , Agrafiotis Panagiotis , Chiabrando Filiberto , Lingua Andrea Maria , Giaquinto Alessia , Nocerino Erica
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Benchmark datasets have become increasingly widespread in the scientific community as a method of comparison, validation, and improvement of theories and techniques thanks to more affordable means for sharing. While this especially holds for test sites and data collected above the water, publicly accessible benchmark activities for geospatial analyses in the underwater environment are not very common. Applying geomatic techniques underwater is challenging and expensive, especially when dealing with deep water and offshore operations. Moreover, benchmarking requires ground truth data for which, in water, several open issues exist concerning geometry and radiometry. Recognizing this scientific and technological challenge, the NAUTILUS (uNder And throUgh waTer datasets for geospatIaL stUdieS) project aims to create guidelines for new multi-sensor/cross-modality benchmark datasets. The project focuses on (i) surveying the actual needs and gaps in through and under-the-water geospatial applications through a questionnaire and interviews, (ii) launching a unique publicly available database collecting already existing datasets scattered across the web and literature, (iii) designing and identifying proper test site(s) and methodologies to deliver to the extended underwater community a brand-new multi-sensor/cross-modality benchmark dataset. The project outputs are available to researchers and practitioners in underwater measurements-related domains, as they can now access a comprehensive tool providing a synthesis of open questions and data already available. In doing so, past research efforts to collect and publish datasets have received additional credit and visibility.
Predicting Deep-Seated Landslide Displacements in Mountains through the Integration of Convolutional Neural Networks and Age of Exploration-Inspired Optimizer
Authors: Chou Jui-Sheng , Nguyen Hoang-Minh , Phan Huy-Phuong , Wang Kuo-Lung
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Deep-seated landslides, becoming increasingly frequent due to changing climate patterns, pose significant risks to human life and infrastructure. This research contributes to developing predictive early warning systems for deep-seated slope displacements, employing advanced computational models for environmental risk management. Our novel framework integrates machine learning, time series deep learning, and convolutional neural networks (CNN), enhanced by the Age of Exploration-Inspired Optimizer (AEIO) algorithm. Our approach demonstrates exceptional forecasting capabilities by utilizing eight years of comprehensive data—including displacement, groundwater levels, and meteorological information from the Lushan Mountain region in Taiwan. The AEIO-MobileNet model stands out for its precision in predicting imminent slope displacements with a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 2.81 %. These advancements significantly enhance geohazard informatics by providing reliable and efficient landslide risk assessment and management tools. These safeguard road networks, construction projects, and infrastructure within vulnerable slope areas.