bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Finest frugt - om ‘den Vartou Kjællingepræst’: En guide til Grundtvig-Studier 1948-2008, I
Authors: Jørgensen Aage
Published: September 2020

Finest frugt - om ‘den Vartou Kjællingepræst En guide til Grundtvig- Studier 1948-2008,I[Fruit of the finest - concerning ‘the Vartov Old Biddies ’pas torA guide to Grundtvig-Studier 1948-2008, I]By Aage JørgensenAs early as 1948, the Grundtvig Society of 8 September 1947 launched an annual journal, Grundtvig-Studier (Grundtvig Studies). Since then, the journal has published a significant part of the subsequent research on Grundtvig, including important debate on the many Grundtvig dissertations that have appeared since World War II. This anniversary article reviews the content of the sixty volumes that have hitherto been issued. Despite its cross-disciplinary character, the material is here presented in a traditionally systematised format.The opening section deals with studies in bibliography, diplomatics and biography, and is followed by a series of fairly lengthy sections characterising: (1) material pertaining to the history of ideas and concerned with Grundtvig’s views on life and history together with his relation to Romantic philosophy, Northern mythology and the contemporary way of thinking as a whole; (2) material relating to literary history and aesthetics, with emphasis upon a series of exemplary contributions by particular authors (Gustav Albeck, Helge Toldberg, Jørgen Elbek, Flemming Lundgreen-Nielsen, Sune Auken and, as regards the influence of Anglo-Saxon upon Grundtvig, S. A. J. Bradley); and (3) the theological material, with focus especially upon the impact of Kaj Thaning’s designation of 1832 as a decisive turning-point in Grundtvig’s life, and upon Grundtvig’s relationship to Luther, Kierkegaard and mystic tradition. The exploration of Grundtvig's hymns and sermons is treated in separate sections; and finally there is a section concerned with illustration of his political endeavours. For reasons of space, contributions to the journal on Grundtvig’s educational deliberations and their significance for Danish schools, especially the folk high schools, together with the overall subsequent reception of his thinking (within Denmark and out in the wider world) will be reserved for discussion in Grundtvig-Studier 2010.
Et brev fra Rønnebæksholm af 22. november 1847
Authors: Pedersen Kim Arne
Published: September 2020

Et brev fra Rønnebæksholm a f 22. november 1847[A letter from Rønnebæksholm, 22 November 1847]By Kim Arne PedersenA hitherto unpublished letter dated 22 November 1847 written to Grundtvig by Marie Toft (his future second wife) is chiefly concerned with the efforts of Grundtvig to gain royal assent to the publication of a further edition of Kirke-Psalmer udgivne til Prøve a f Kjøbenhavns geistlige Convents Psalme-Comitee [Church hymns issued for trial by the Hymn-Committee of the Clerical Convention of Copenhagen], commonly called, as here, Prøveheftet [The trial booklet, or specimen volume]. Grundtvig was a member of the committee and a major contributor to the compilation. In the event, the King (Christian VIII) withheld his assent for want of evidence that the Prøveheft had won sufficiently wide acceptance, and the Convention ultimately rejected the Committee’s work. However, Toft’s letter confirms the presumption that Grundtvig could by now mobilise ready personal support from a network of individuals and congregations of a Grundtvigian persuasion. He was by now a unifying figure among them and generally accepted as their leader.
Grundtvigs forfatterskab i dansk litteraturhistorieskrivning
Authors: Dahl Per
Published: September 2020

Grundtvigs forfatterskab i dansk litteraturhistorieskrivning[Grundtvig’s works in Danish historiography]By Per DahlThe essay discusses the most important Danish literary histories written between 1881 and 2008 and their representation of the writings of N. F. S. Grundtvig (1783-1872). In 1881 Frederik Winkel Horn wrote the first updated history of Danish literature including the 19th century. The extensive chapter on Grundtvig deals with his conception of Nordic and Christian education and culture. From an aesthetic point of view, says Horn, Grundtvig’s poetry does not meet academic criteria. Nevertheless his best poems and prose writings are profoundly thrilling by virtue of strength of mind and poignancy. Five years later an evaluation by Peter Hansen was more reserved, but he appreciated Grundtvig’s hymns. Vilhelm Andersen’s chapter on Grundtvig in Illustreret Dansk Litteraturhistorie (1924) is evaluated as the most complex study in Grundtvig and his collected writings. This lengthy chapter (of some 75 pages) expresses an exclusively literary point of view.The structural unity of Grundtvig’s works, says Andersen, is based on the basic dichotomy between life and death and Grundtvig’s inner experience, resulting in a decisive turning point where he sees life bom out of darkness.To Andersen the most important texts are the long poem Nyaars-Morgen (The Morning of New Year’s Day) and the hymn De Levendes Land (The Land o f the Living), both written in 1824 - a climax and a turning point in Grundtvig’s poetry. Up to 1824 Andersen’s biographical approach and view of the phases and motives for Grundtvig’s writings are in accordance with his inner development. The period after 1824 is evaluated as a phase of realization of his ideas. Andersen’s exposition in Illustreret Dansk Litteraturhistorie inaugurated a process of canonization of the above-mentioned texts. In 1958 F. J. Billeskov Jansen (Danmarks Digtekunst) stiffened the literary demands in keeping with his comparative point of view. Martin Zerlang’s chapter on Grundtvig in Dansk litteraturhistorie (vol. 5, 1984) as well as Johnny Kondrup’s chapter in Hovedsporet. Dansk litteraturs historie (2005) and Sune Auken’s in Dansk litteraturs historie (vol. 2, 2008) confirm the canonical status of Nyaars-Morgen. Finally the essay discusses problems concerning canonization and representation of works when writing literary history.
Grundtvig og rationalisterne
Authors: Glebe-Møller Jens
Published: September 2020

Grundtvig og rationalisterne[Grundtvig and rationalist theology]By Jens Glebe MøllerAs is well known, Grundtvig disliked the Enlightenment and was a staunch opponent of the rationalist theology in his own days as well as in the 17th century. In this essay rationalist theology and its philosophical background is briefly presented as well as an article by Grundtvig from Theologisk Maanedsskrift 1825, in which he vehemently criticises the Enlightenment and, according to him, the widespread influence of rationalist theology in Denmark. A sermon from 1789, as well as the notes taken by Bishop Mynster in his Visitatsdagbøger (Journals of pastoral visitations), corroborate Grundtvig’s statement. However, Grundtvig himself was in more than one aspect an heir to the rationalists he so much despised. For one thing, in all his writings he revered the “truth-loving” reason and adhered to the principle of contradiction.Furthermore, like all the rationalist theologians he denied the dogma of the hereditary sin and devaluated the importance of the creeds of the primitive church as well as of The Augsburg Confession of the Lutheran Churches. While definitely a theologian in his own right, it would be wrong to completely sever Grundtvig from his rationalist heritage.
N. F. S. Grundtvig og naturalismen
Authors: Nyborg Ole
Published: September 2020

N. F. S. Grundtvig og naturalismen[N. F. S. Grundtvig and the Concept of Naturalism]By Ole NyborgThe concepts o f ‘naturalism’, ‘naturalist’, and ‘naturalistic’ are frequently found in the writings of the Danish theologian N. F. S. Grundtvig (1783-1872), and this is the case during his whole lifetime.In scholarly literature, Grundtvig’s concept of ‘naturalism’ has mainly been interpreted from the way ‘naturalism’ etc. is used in his introduction to Nordisk Mythologi (Northern Mythology) (1832). The frequent references to ‘naturalism’ in Grundtvig’s other works have mostly been neglected by scholars. However, an analysis of Grundtvig’s works as a whole shows a very clear picture. He is a persistent, emotional, and aggressive opponent to naturalism, emphasizing numerous negative aspects of it as a philosophy, because its modern individualistic ideas destroy the natural bonds and social constraints of love, reverence, and respect. According to Grundtvig, naturalism represents a powerful, imminent, and dangerous threat to traditional Christian states and nations of Western Europe, and the notorious revolution of France of 1789 he sees as a terrible and horrifying manifestation of the unchristian, subversive, unbridled, and immoral character of naturalism.
Publications on Grundtvig and Grundtvigianism available through Grundtvig-Selskabet, Vartov
Authors: Lundgreen-Nielsen Flemming , Holm Anders
Published: September 2020

Skrifter om Grundtvig udgivet af Grundtvig-Selskabet
- Forkortelser og litteraturliste
Authors: Vind Ole , Holm Anders , Lundgreen-Nielsen Flemming , Pedersen Kim Arne
Published: September 2020

*
Grundtvig of Denmark – (Still?) a Guide to Small Nations: Some Grundtvigian Reflections on the Scottish Independence Referendum Debate
Authors: Dyce Jack
Published: September 2020

Grundtvig of Denmark – (Still?) a Guide to Small Nations:Some Grundtvigian Reflections on the Scottish Independence Referendum DebateJack DyceDanmarks Grundtvig – (stadig?) en guide til små nationer:Nogle grundtvigske refleksioner over den skotske debat om folkeafstemningen om uafhængighedI september 2014 stemte flertallet af skotter “nej” ved folkeafstemningen om, hvorvidt Skotland skulle være en selvstændig nation uafhængig af Det Forenede Kongerige. Nærværende artikel anvender Noëlle Davies’ pjece Grundtvig of Denmark – a Guide to Small Nations fra 1944 til at reflektere over den skotske uafhængighedsdebat og til at overveje Skotlands fremtid efter afstemningen. Davies var en af de walisiske nationalister i tiden efter anden verdenskrig. Sammen med sin mand forsøgte hun at indføre mange af de grundtvigske idealer, som de havde stiftet bekendtskab med på Den Internationale Højskole i Helsingør. Skrevet, som den er, ud af efterkrigstidens nationale begejstring giver pjecen et enestående forbindelsesled mellem Grundtvig og nutidens skotske nationalisters ænkning.Selv om de toneangivende i folkeafstemningsdebatten var omhyggelige med ikke direkte at inddrage temaer om kultur, etnicitet og sprog, talte den brede befolkning åbent om, hvad det vil sige at være skotsk. Folket fremviste således et alment billede af de nationale bevægelser verden over. Ligesom Grundtvig kulturelt støttede national enhed, talte ledere blandt de skotske uafhængighedsfortalere om fordelene ved uafhængighed i forhold til at kunne leve et sandt skotsk liv. Alt dette medførte en fornyet interesse for skotsk musik, kunst og sprog både blandt gæliske og germanske skotter. Dette betyder, nu hvor Skotland forbliver en del af Det Forenede Kongerige, at skotterne måske alligevel kan lære noget vigtigt af Grundtvig om, hvad det vil sige at være et lille, men værdiskabende medlem i etnetværk af nationer.
Når troen får øjne. En studie i Grundtvigs salmer
Authors: Bering Solten Therese
Published: September 2020

Når troen får øjne. En studie i Grundtvigs salmerTherese Bering SoltenWhen Faith Gets Eyes – a Study in Grundtvig’s HymnsThis article summarizes main points from Therese Bering Solten’s PhD thesis about how, through the use of hermeneutics and genre criticism, Grundtvig’s hymns can be read as poetic theology. The hymns work thematicallythrough the relationship between the visible and the invisible, conceptions residing in a continuum stretching between the concrete, sensory images and abstract, intelligible concepts. How hymns operate is determined by how faith is depicted in images and ideas. As part of an effort to understand faith cognition or vision, Solten interprets the hymns as descriptions of what or how the eyes of faith see. The author assumes that this effort is not exclusive to the content of hymns; it is a matter of how hymns affect readers (singers) and therefore how hymns can be described as texts. To establish a methodological basis, Solten refers to recent genre theory and literary theory and Paul Ricoeur’s philosophical hermeneutics. Poetic theology provides a lens for seeing that even though the hymn text’s matter and form are two separate aspects of the text, the hymn exists as an indivisible whole. Solten provides a series of analytical examples from the thesis to illustrate further how hymns function and how they should not be translated only to discover their embedded theology. The overall aim of hymn interpretation, however, is to demonstrate the ways in which the reading of these texts as poetry can provide theological insights.
Anmeldelser: På frugtbar afstand
Authors: Ank Ingrid
Published: September 2020

På afstand – Forskydninger mellem Grundtvig og Luther, Ove Korsgaard og MichaelSchelde (red.), Eksistensen Akademisk, Frederiksberg 2017, 214 sider, 229kr.
Anmeldelser: Niels Skovgaard
Authors: Jørgensen Aage
Published: September 2020

Niels Skovgaard. Maler, Billedhugger, Keramiker, Illustrator. Redigeret af Anne-Mette Villumsen og Teresa Nielsen. Skovgaard Museet, Viborg; Vejen Kunstmuseum,Vejen; Fuglsang Kunstmuseum, Guldborgsund. 2018. 367 sider, ca. 425illustrationer, 325 kr.
Grundtvig som stridsmand og polemiker
Authors: Thaulow Vanja
Published: September 2020

Denne artikel er baseret på ph.d.-afhandlingen Herrens Stridsmand. Retorisk kritikaf N.F.S. Grundtvigs teologiske polemik i perioden 1810-1825. Afhandlingen eren undersøgelse af Grundtvigs polemiske retorik i den såkaldt ‘bibelkristne’ periodeaf forfatterskabet, særligt årene 1810-1815. Undersøgelsen angår både denpolemik, der findes på tværs af genrer, og den egentlig polemiske genre stridsskriftet,som har været noget overset i forskningen. Jeg har valgt at udformeundersøgelsen som en retorisk analyse og kritik, fordi det moderne retorikfag haret stort og udviklet begrebsapparat, som er velegnet til at analysere de elementer,der er på spil i polemiske tekster: forfatterens selvfremstilling, publikumskonstruktion,argumentation og stil.1
William Michelsen: Tilblivelsen af Grundtvigs historiesyn
Authors: Grønbæk Villiam
Published: September 2020

William Michelsen: The Origin of Grundtvigs View of History. By V. Grønbæk. Dr. William Michelsen’s great work on the origin of Grundtvig’s view of history takes its place worthily in the series of outstanding investigations belonging to the most recent period of Grundtvigian research (Scharling, Høirup, Toldberg). Its purpose is to explain some of the main features of Grundtvig’s view of history by explaining its genesis. Its field of research is limited to the three “Verdenskrøniker” (“World Chronicles”) of 1812, 1814 and 1817. It was a happy idea on the part of the autor to investigate what historical works Grundtvig had read in the early years of his childhood at Udby. A series of books, mentioned by Grundtvig himself as having been read by him at that time, are examined with the surprising result that we find here “The Roots og Grundtvigs View of History” — which is the heading of the first part of the book. Dr. Michelsen has achieved a work of scholarship of lasting significance by demonstrating the influence which Grundtvig’s reading during his childhood had upon him as a historian. His view of history remains the Biblical one. While in the first part of the book the author has sought to open a way into a hitherto unexplored territory, in the second part (“The Growth of Grundtvig’s View of History”) he enters into fields which have to some extent been investigated by other research students. Thus he describes Grundtvig’s relation to the Romantic view of history which he encounted in his youth (Steffens). His relation to Schelling and Fichte is also investigated. Finally the author comes to Herder, who, in his well-grounded opinion, is the German author who — apart from Luther — has left the deepest traces of his influence on Grundtvig’s view of history.
William Michelsen: Den sælsomme forvandling i N. F. S. Grundtvigs liv
Authors: Grønbæk Villiam
Published: September 2020

William Michelsen: The strange Metarphosis in N. F. S. Grundtvigs life, 1956, 288 pages. By Villiam Grønbæk. The title of Dr. Michelsen’s work, which forms a supplement to his thesis, “Tilblivelsen af Grundtvigs historiesyn” (“The Origin of Grundtvig’s View of History”), is taken from the retrospective survey of his activety as a historian made by Grundtvig in 1833. In this Grundtvig states that his literary production is a reflection of his life. While Dr. Michelsen in his thesis showe the significance of Grundtvig’s reading as a child in influencing the development of his view of history in a Biblical direction, he here investigates the question as to whether the interpretation of Grundtvig’s view of history at which he arived in his thesis is in accordance with the facts which come to light in Grundtvig’s literary works and papers dating from the years 1808 to 1812 — that is, the years in which his first “Verdenskrønike” (“World Chronicle”) came out. Through the explanations of the author, which are based on the extensive use of printed and unprinted material and have nothing to do with speculation, we follow Grundtvig on his way to the Biblical view of history. The origin of Grundtvig’s view of history is set in its context in relation to his own human and religious development. Dr. Michelsen has given us the picture of Grundtvig’s personal and religious development in the years before the crisis on 1810—11 which we have long lacked. The author’s exceptionally fine qualities as a research worker have set their stamp upon the work.
Le métarécit national des médias d’information : entre production de la race et de la classe et légitimation des rapports sociaux
Authors: Dalibert Marion
Published: September 2020

L’auteure met en question la construction du métarécit national dans les médias d’information français. Elle montre que les processus d’ethnicisation à l’oeuvre produisent l’intelligibilité de la race, du genre et de la classe, d’une part, et qu’ils légitiment le pouvoir des groupes majoritaires, d’autre part. En effet, le métarécit sur la francité associe les groupes majoritaires à une ethnicité qui les présente en haut de l’échelle de la moralité républicaine, tandis que les groupes minoritaires sont dépeints comme responsables des inégalités.
Entre presse et littérature : le journalisme féminin durant les décennies 30 et 40 au Québec1
Authors: Bédard Mylène
Published: September 2020

Au Québec, des études récentes ont montré que l’écriture dans les périodiques a servi de tremplin à la carrière littéraire féminine, comme c’est le cas chez Robertine Barry et Germaine Guèvremont. Toutefois, aucune recherche n’a poursuivi l’analyse de l’articulation entre le littéraire et le médiatique chez les femmes journalistes au moment où s’amorce véritablement, en France et au Québec, la professionnalisation du journalisme au cours des années 30. L’auteure cherche donc à examiner la manière dont se reconfigure le maillage entre presse et littérature après 1930, en s’appuyant sur la trajectoire et la production de Germaine Bernier, Renaude Lapointe et Germaine Bundock. Elle postule en effet qu’à partir des années 30 les rapports entre la presse et la littérature se maintiennent, mais se déclinent différemment par le truchement de postures, de poétiques et de genres médiatiques distincts qui empruntent tantôt aux pratiques du XIXe siècle, tantôt à des pratiques journalistiques plus modernes.
The Anti-Essentialist Poetics of Claude McKay’s Banjo
Authors: Fernández Jiménez Mónica
Published: September 2020

This article analyses Claude McKay’s 1929 novel Banjo focusing on its anti-essentialist approach to black identity. Such prevalent anti-essentialism differs from the racial pride politics of the Harlem Renaissance, the literary movement with which McKay is usually associated. The rhizomatic poetics of this work will be explained through the fluid character which Glissant and other later Caribbean regionalist critics ascribe to the Caribbean text. This approach favours a hemispheric perception of the Americas which aligns with McKay’s ideas on black identity. Thus, it will be concluded that the prevalence of the American influence in Banjo despite its European setting reflects Quijano and Wallerstein’s model of Americanity for explaining the modern world order which saw its dawn in the Caribbean with the arrival of the Europeans.
Dimensions of Decolonial Future in Contemporary Indigenous Speculative Fiction: Louise Erdrich’s Future Home of the Living God and Rebecca Roanhorse’s Trail of Lightning
Authors: Siepak Julia
Published: September 2020

Departing from the traditional representations of the colonial past and its aftermath, speculative fiction emerges as a new important trend in the North American Indigenous literary landscape, allowing Native writers to represent decolonial futures. This article focuses on the representations of the future offered by two recent Indigenous speculative novels: Louise Erdrich’s Future Home of the Living God (2017) and Rebecca Roanhorse’s Trail of Lightning (2018), in the context of their decolonial potential. The analysis of the selected literary texts pays special attention to the status of women and its revision, as well as to the re-narrativization of space in the face of the anthropogenic climate change, and their significance to Indigenous decolonial project. In order to facilitate the discussion of the Indigenous speculative novels, the article refers to recent theories in Native American studies concerning Indigenous futurism, Native dystopia, and definitions of decolonization.
Infanticide and the Symbolism of Evil in Joyce Carol Oates’s “Dear Husband”
Authors: Miceli Barbara
Published: September 2020

In 2001, a Texan housewife, Andrea Yates, drowned her five children in a bathtub, claiming that she had killed them to save them from evil. Her life sentence for murder was later suspended, and Yates was transferred to a psychiatric facility. In 2009, Joyce Carol Oates published the short story “Dear Husband,” inspired by the Yates case. The author structured her story as a letter which Lauri Lynn writes to her husband to confess to the murder of their five children before she takes her life. The aim of this article is to analyze the story using the categories elaborated by Paul Ricoeur to define evil and its symbolism and to try to answer the question: is Andrea Yates/Lauri Lynn a villain or a victim?
From leech to doctor: The Lexical and Semantic Evolution of Terms for ‘physician’ in Non-Medical Prose Texts
Authors: Gajek Maja
Published: September 2020

The study examines five names of medieval medical practitioners: barber, doctor, leech, physician, and surgeon. The aim is to view the semantic change of those names in non-medical prose texts from the Middle English period. The analysis also considers their origin, frequency, semantic fields, function and both metaphorical and non-metaphorical meanings in Middle English and later. Furthermore, the research verifies to what extent the findings of Sylwanowicz (2003) are confirmed by the results of a similar examination of a non-medical corpus. The data for the study come from the Innsbruck Corpus of Middle English Prose, with the support of historical dictionaries.
The SIR dynamic model of infectious disease transmission and its analogy with chemical kinetics
Authors: Simon Cory M.
Published: September 2020

Mathematical models of the dynamics of infectious disease transmission are used to forecast epidemics and assess mitigation strategies. In this article, we highlight the analogy between the dynamics of disease transmission and chemical reaction kinetics while providing an exposition on the classic Susceptible–Infectious–Removed (SIR) epidemic model. Particularly, the SIR model resembles a dynamic model of a batch reactor carrying out an autocatalytic reaction with catalyst deactivation. This analogy between disease transmission and chemical reaction enables the exchange of ideas between epidemic and chemical kinetic modeling communities.
Mesocosm study of microalgae in different weather conditions
Authors: Alteerah Munay Abdulqadir , Amal Azmai Mohammad Noor , Omar Hishamuddin , Ismail Ahmad
Published: September 2020

Microalgae have valuable contributions in carbon dioxide sequestration. There are no much investigations about motivation of mix microalgae productivity in outdoor cultures. This study aims to evaluate microalgae biomass production in outdoor mesocosms under different weather conditions. The experiment was done in Tilapia pond in the hatchery of fisheries of Universiti Putra Malaysia. Weather parameters were recorded daily. Microalgae seeds were obtained from Tilapia pond effluent and added to eight floating aerated mesocosms. Mesocosms were divided into four treatments. Two g triple supper phosphate: 20g Urea were used as fertilizers. Physical and chemical conditions, microalgae primary productivity and biomass, and species composition were measured every two days. Three cycles were categorized as mix, wet and dry cycles based on weather recording scores. Water quality parameters in Treatments and controls cultures showed significant variations. Primary production variables were higher in the fertilized non-sheltered mesocosms (treatment 1). Productivity variables were lower in the dry cycle and higher in the mix cycle. The highest value of fixed CO2 was (3.2) mg/L/d in treatment 1 in the mix cycle, while the lowest value was (0.11) mg/L/d in treatment 3 and control 1 in dry cycle. Changes in weather patterns are seen in the light and temperature values. Microalgae biomass was lower in dry weather conditions because of effect of high air temperature. Weather conditions and different treatments significantly influenced microalgae species composition, due to the sensitivity in some of them to different light intensities. Chlorophytes were the most abundant due to their ability to adapt with different culture conditions.
Радиационная экологическая океанология, "Природа"
Authors: Матишов Геннадий Григорьевич , Степаньян Олег Владимирович
Published: September 2020

Радиационную экологическую океанологию как научное направление в изучении Мирового океана основал член-корреспондент РАН Д.Г.Матишов. В статье рассказывается о становлении этого направления в 1990-2000-х годах и представлены основные результаты, полученные за 20 лет Показано, что в настоящее время в воде и донных отложениях европейских морей России содержание Cs и Sr невелико, однако в морской биоте (рыбах, птицах, млекопитающих) возможны локальные превышения уровня радионуклидов над фоновыми значениями морской среды.
Алюминий везде...Где?, "Природа"
Authors: Портнов Александр Михайлович
Published: September 2020

Использование аэрогамма-спектрометрии при поисках бокситов на Северном Урале позволило выявить роль калия в андезитах силура при бокситообразовании. Изучение акцессориев в бокситах показало, что главный кластогенный минерал руд - решетчатый титаногематит, возникший при высокотемпературном окислении титаномагнетита. Щелочные андезиты и игнимбриты палящих туч служили благоприятным исходным субстратом для образования переотложенных бокситов в известняках девона. В 2019 г. Россия импортировала недостающие 70% глинозема и бокситов для производства 3.7 млн т первичного алюминия, из которого экспортировано 3.1 млн т в виде слитков.
Боковой перенос тепла и соли в Лофотенском бассейне: сравнение на основе трех баз данных, "Фундаментальная и прикладная гидрофизика"
Authors: Наумов Л. М. , Гордеева С.М.
Published: September 2020

На основе данных океанских реанализов ECMWF ORAS4 и ORAS5 выполнен расчет объемного расхода, потоков тепла и соли на боковых границах в Лофотенском бассейне (Норвежское море), а также оценка их баланса. Полученные величины сравнивались с оценками по данным реанализа CMEMS GLORYS12V1. Выявлено, что физически обоснованный объемный расход демонстрирует реанализ ORAS5 с невязкой 6.0%, в то время реанализ GLORYS12V1 дает наиболее реалистичную оценку баланса тепла, так как использование этих данных позволяет учесть повышенный приток тепла, которое расходуется на теплообмен с атмосферой. Показано, что притоки водных масс и, соответственно, тепла и соли доминируют с южной стороны бассейна, а максимальный их вынос характерен для восточной границы. Установлено, что все три реанализа демонстрируют для Лофотенской котловины превышение притока воды и соли над стоком, что свидетельствует о незамкнутости балансов для отдельных бассейнов и ограниченности подходов при использовании этих данных. Во временной изменчивости всех потоков на границах бассейна отмечаются нерегулярные колебания с различной для разных реанализов дисперсией. За период 1993-2016 гг по данным реанализа ORAS5 на всех границах, кроме северной, отмечаются значительные линейные тренды всех потоков, что свидетельствует об увеличении транзита через Лофотенский бассейн. По балансу трендов реанализ ORAS5 показывает накопление воды в регионе, охлаждение и накопление соли. В реанализе GLORYS12V1 суммарный тренд для потока тепла за тот же период определяет небольшое потепление.
Assessment of Haematology and Carcass Indices of Weaned Grass-Cutters Fed Diet Containing Snail Shell
Authors: O. Oladele-Bukola, M. , A. Popoola, Y. , J. Banjoko, O. , J. Fayenuwo, O. , S. Durotoye, E. , O. Owosibo, A. , J. Omole, A.
Published: September 2020

Aims: Bone meal and oyster shell are good source of calcium in the diet of livestock but they are expensive hence there is need to look for another source. Snail shell is rich in calcium and could be used to replace other sources of calcium hence the study was designed to determine the effect of inclusion of snail shell (SS) in the diet of grass-cutters on dressing percentage, meat qualities, haematological and serum biochemical indices. 

Experimental Design: Completely randomized design was used for the study

Place and Duration  of the Study: The study was conducted in the Institute of Agriculture Research and Training, Ibadan, Nigeria for a period of twelve weeks

Methodology: A total of thirty six weaned grass-cutters of mixed sexes of mean weight 523.45±3.6g were used. Four diets were formulated to contain SS at 0% (SS1) as Control, 50% (SS 2), 75% (SS 3) and 100% (SS 4) as replacement for oyster shell in the diet of grass-cutters. Each dietary treatment was replicated thrice with 3 grass-cutters per replicate in a. Data were collected on dressing percentage, heamoglobin, red blood cells, white blood cells, blood calcium and phosphorus etc.

Results: The results of the carcass analysis showed that the dressing percentage was not significantly influenced by substituting oyster shell with snail shell in the diet (P>0.05). The results of Haematological and Biochemical indices indicated that the mean red blood corpuscles of the grasscutters were not significantly different from one another and varied between 5.31 and 5.44 106/µ1 (P>0.05). The mean haemoglobin was not significantly influenced by the dietary treatments, the values varied between 12.23 and 12.57g/dl respectively. The mean globulin, calcium and phosphorus levels of the grass-cutters were not significantly influenced by substituting oyster shell with snail shell.

Conclusion: It could be therefore, concluded that carcass qualities and blood indices were not significantly influenced by the inclusion of varying levels of snails shell as partial or total replacement for Oyster shell in the diet of weaned grass-cutter, hence snail shell could be used as substitute for Oyster shell.
Detection of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Some Multiple Antibiotic Resistant E. coli from Apparently Healthy Pregnant Women
Authors: Adekunle O. C. , Fatila A. J. Falade- , Ojedele R. , Odewale G.
Published: September 2020

The emerging drug resistance, especially among the Escherichia coli (E.coli) isolates from pregnant women, spread rapidly within the community. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a well-known bacterial infection posing serious health problem in pregnant women. Also, multi-drug resistance is becoming rampant, and it is of serious public health concern. Treatment of E. coli is now a challenge due to continuous increase in resistance towards commonly prescribed antibiotics, thus posing a threat to treatment. Hence, the aim of the study is to determine antibiotic resistance genes in some multiple antibiotic resistant E.coli from apparently healthy pregnant women in Osun State. A cross-sectional study design was used to collect 150 mid-stream urine samples from apparently healthy pregnant women from March, 2018 to September, 2018. A well structured questionnaire and informed consent were used for data collection. Standard loop technique was used to place 0.001 ml of urine on Cysteine Lactose Electrolyte Deficient (CLED) medium, Blood agar, MacConkey agar and incubated at 37 °C for 24 h. A standard agar disc diffusion method was used to determine antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the isolates. The molecular detection of the resistant genes was done using PCR techniques. The ages of women enrolled in this study ranges from 22 to 42 years (mean ± standard deviation = 31 ± 4.7 years). Escherichia coli showed high percentage of resistance to ampicillin and low resistance to ciprofloxacin and penicillin. All the E. coli isolates were sensitive to levofloxacin, and most were resistant to Meropenem. Multiple drug resistance was observed in all the isolates. Resistance genes in VIM 390bp, bla ctx-M 585bp and TEM 517bp were detected in some of the representative E. coli isolates profiled. This study identified the presence of Multi-drug resistance genes in E. coli associated UTI among pregnant women in Osogbo.
Rheological properties and crystallization behavior of modified polylactic acid using lauroyl peroxide and glycidyl methacrylate
Authors: Jafari Mona , Jalalifar Nadia , Kaffashi Babak
Published: September 2020

The molecular structure of polylactic acid (PLA) was modified by lauroyl peroxide (LP) as an alkyl free radical and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) as a reactive co‐monomer. We investigated the effect of different preparation methods, that is, the melt and solution, on the structure and physical and mechanical properties of glycidyl methacrylate grafted polylactic acid (PLA‐g‐GMA). The Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was implemented to characterize the final products in order to confirm that GMA was successfully grafted onto PLA. The gel permeation chromatography showed that the molecular weight and polydispersity of the modified PLA were increased by grafting. However, by varying other parameters such as the reaction time and the LP and GMA concentrations, we observed that the resulting products from the melt method are richer in the rheological properties compared with those properties from the solution method. This is due to the different molecular weights resulted from the either preparation methods. From the DSC characteristics of PLA‐g‐GMA samples, the crystallization degree of the samples prepared from the melt method is greater than that of the solution method. Meanwhile, the cold crystallization for the PLA‐g‐GMA samples derived from the solution method occurs at higher temperatures compared with the cold crystallization of the samples resulted from the melt method.
Millennium to the sustainable development goals: Changes and pathways for India
Authors: Mahida Darshnaben P. , Sendhil Ramadas , Ramasundaram Palaniswami
Published: September 2020

Millennium development goals have remained the overarching development framework to achieve a set of important eight goals worldwide. The goals with measurable and time bound objectives express widespread public concern about poverty, hunger, disease, unmet schooling, gender inequality, and environmental degradation. Under changing climatic scenario and other environmental illness, there is a widespread understanding that worldwide environmental objectives need a higher profile alongside the poverty‐reduction objectives. Consequently, in September 2015, the Heads of State and Government agreed to set the world on a path toward sustainable development through the adoption of the “2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development” which includes 17 sustainable development goals, with 169 targets comprising social, economic, and environmental dimensions of sustainable development—all to be achieved by 2030. The goals provide a framework for shared action “for people, planet, and prosperity,” to be implemented by “all countries and all stakeholders, acting in collaborative partnership.” The paper documents and the pathways to ensure a sustainable future as well as dignified life for all people of India and means to mobilize scientific, technological, and social movements to address the challenges ahead.
Simulating the influence of topography on cut‐off lows over Southern Africa
Authors: Abba Omar Sabina , Abiodun Babatunde J.
Published: September 2020

Cut‐off lows (COLs) over Southern Africa are known for their extreme rainfall, but the reliable prediction of COL rainfall remains a challenge because of complex interactions with topography. As there is a dearth of information on these interactions over this region, this study examines the influence of topography on the characteristics of COLs over Southern Africa. Multi‐ensemble simulations from the Weather Research Forecasting (WRF) model were run to simulate three COLs over Southern Africa, using the real topography [CONTROL] and three idealized terrains (i.e., “no topography” [NoTOPO], “only west topography” [WTOPO] and “only east topography” [ETOPO]). A COL tracking algorithm was used to track COLs in the simulation dataset. The characteristics of the examined COLs include their formation, track, rainfall and vertical structure. The results show that topography influences the characteristics of COLs, although such influence varies with individual COLs. The influence of topography on COL formation is more pronounced on COLs that form in the vicinity of the sub‐continent than the ones that form far from the sub‐continent. Topography promotes uplift of warm moist air and initiation of deep convection, which may weaken the zonal strength of the westerly jet and allow for the formation of the COL. As the COLs approach topography, their tracks become more southerly. Topography decelerates the westerly wave systems, hence the system moves faster in NoTOPO experiments than in CONTROL experiments. While topography seems not to influence the timing of the peaks in rainfall during the COL lifecycle, it does influence the spatial distribution of rainfall. The presence of western topography enhances the rainfall over the western part of Southern Africa, whereas the presence of eastern topography reduces the rainfall over the western parts of Southern Africa. These results have applications in improving the forecasting of COLs over the complex terrain of Southern Africa.
Deep understanding of shopper behaviours and interactions using RGB-D vision
Authors: Paolanti Marina , Pietrini Rocco , Mancini Adriano , Frontoni Emanuele , Zingaretti Primo
Published: September 2020

In retail environments, understanding how shoppers move about in a store’s spaces and interact with products is very valuable. While the retail environment has several favourable characteristics that support computer vision, such as reasonable lighting, the large number and diversity of products sold, as well as the potential ambiguity of shoppers’ movements, mean that accurately measuring shopper behaviour is still challenging. Over the past years, machine-learning and feature-based tools for people counting as well as interactions analytic and re-identification were developed with the aim of learning shopper skills based on occlusion-free RGB-D cameras in a top-view configuration. However, after moving into the era of multimedia big data, machine-learning approaches evolved into deep learning approaches, which are a more powerful and efficient way of dealing with the complexities of human behaviour. In this paper, a novel VRAI deep learning application that uses three convolutional neural networks to count the number of people passing or stopping in the camera area, perform top-view re-identification and measure shopper–shelf interactions from a single RGB-D video flow with near real-time performances has been introduced. The framework is evaluated on the following three new datasets that are publicly available: TVHeads for people counting, HaDa for shopper–shelf interactions and TVPR2 for people re-identification. The experimental results show that the proposed methods significantly outperform all competitive state-of-the-art methods (accuracy of 99.5% on people counting, 92.6% on interaction classification and 74.5% on re-id), bringing to different and significative insights for implicit and extensive shopper behaviour analysis for marketing applications.
The Application of Uniportal Video‐Assisted Thoracoscopic Anatomical Segmentectomy for Lung Resection: A Retrospective Clinical Study
Authors: Tian Ye , Zhang Lei , Li Ranhua , Wang Zelong , Zhao Xitong , Zhou Di , Yu Qian , Yang Xueying
Published: September 2020

Background

Video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) is a new area of exploration and evolution in thoracic minimal invasive surgery. The uniportal VATS approach has become popular during lung resection for small nodules and ground glass lesions. Our objective is to investigate the efficacy, availability and safety of uniportal VATS anatomical segmentectomy compared with conventional VATS in patients for lung resection.

Methods

Surgical patients of perioperative period who admitted and underwent uniportal, two‐port and conventional three‐port VATS segmentectomy were analyzed and compared retrospectively during the year 2017 to 2018.

Results

During the research period, of 111 patients who had VATS anatomical segmentectomy, 38 underwent uniportal, 43 underwent two‐port, and 30 underwent three‐port VATS. Four patients underwent conversion to thoracotomy. There were no postoperative mortalities, and there were no significant differences among the three groups in surgical outcomes, including operative time, blood loss, conversions to thoracotomy, drainage time and volume, lymph node dissection, postoperative complications and hospital stay. The pain scores of visual analog scale (VAS) significantly decreased in uniportal group when operation is finished (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

This study demonstrates that uniportal VATS anatomical segmentectomy is a quite safe surgical technology, as well as feasible, which can cause reduced postoperative pain and less surgical trauma compared to conventional VATS. More experiences and observations of large samples are on the way.
ArchbotLit—the archaeobotanical literature database: an update of the search engine for literature on archaeological remains of cultivated plants since 1981
Authors: Kirleis Wiebke , Kroll Helmut , Reiser Tanja , Schmid Clemens , Schmütz Kay
Published: September 2020

The online Archaeobotanical Literature Database (ArchbotLit) is an important tool for getting targeted access to archaeobotanical publications. It offers the opportunity for archaeobotanists, archaeologists, freelancers, students and an interested public to easily obtain information about cultivated plants and their development. In addition it increases the visibility of archaeobotanical studies beyond the inner circle and supports teaching in environmental archaeology. The ArchbotLit database builds upon the efforts of Jürgen Schultze-Motel, Gatersleben, and Helmut Kroll, Kiel, who have collected offprints of papers from archaeobotanists worldwide since the 1980s. The content was transferred into referenced plant lists that were published annually from 1992 to 2001 in the central organ of the “International Workgroup for Palaeoethnobotany (IWGP)”, the journal “Vegetation History and Archaeobotany” and as contributions entitled “Literature on archaeological remains of cultivated plants”. These were succeeded by the online database “archaeobotany.de”, comprising the literature from 1981 to 2004. To sustain this online-database in the public domain it was recently converted into the wiki-platform “ArchbotLit”, hosted at Kiel University. Here, we introduce the new wiki-online-database and its functionalities for data upload and as a search engine.
Stratification of Stage III colon cancer may identify a patient group not requiring adjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Malik Yasir G. , Lyckander Lars Gustav , Lindstrøm Jonas C. , Vinge-Holmquist Olof , Sheikh Ariba E. , Schultz Johannes K. , Ignjatovic Dejan
Published: September 2020

Purpose

Adjuvant chemotherapy for colon cancer with lymph node involvement (Stage III) has been the standard of care since the 1990s. Meanwhile, considerable evolvement of surgery combined with dedicated histopathological examinations may have led to stage migration. Furthermore, prognostic factors other than lymph node involvement have proven to affect overall survival. Thus, adjuvant chemotherapy in Stage III colon cancer should be reconsidered. The objective was to compare recurrence rates and survival in stage III colon cancer patients treated with or without adjuvant chemotherapy. Further, to assess the impact of extensive mesenterectomy, lymph node stage and vascular invasion on outcome.

Methods

Consecutive patients operated for Stage III colon carcinoma between 31 December 2005 and 31 December 2015 were identified in the pathological code register by matching colon (T67) and either adenocarcinoma (M81403) or mucinous adenocarcinoma (M84803), with lymph node (T08) and metastasis of adenocarcinoma (M81406 or M84806). Medical records of all identified patients were reviewed.

Results

Of 216 identified patients, 69 received no postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy (group NC), 69 insufficient adjuvant chemotherapy (FLV or < minimum recommended 6 cycles FLOX, group IC), and 78 sufficient adjuvant chemotherapy (≥ 6 cycles FLOX, group SC). When adjusted for age and comorbidity, 5-year overall survival did not differ statistically significant between groups (76% vs. 83% vs. 85%, respectively). Vascular invasion and a high lymph node ratio significantly reduced overall survival.

Conclusion

The findings imply that subgroups of Stage III colon cancer patients have good prognosis also without adjuvant chemotherapy. For definite conclusions about necessity of adjuvant chemotherapy, prospective trials are needed.
The role of the gut microbiome in graft fibrosis after pediatric liver transplantation
Authors: Qin Tian , Fu Jingyuan , Verkade Henkjan J.
Published: September 2020

Liver transplantation (LT) is a life-saving option for children with end-stage liver disease. However, about 50% of patients develop graft fibrosis in 1 year after LT, with normal liver function. Graft fibrosis may progress to cirrhosis, resulting in graft dysfunction and ultimately the need for re-transplantation. Previous studies have identified various risk factors for the post-LT fibrogenesis, however, to date, neither of the factors seems to fully explain the cause of graft fibrosis. Recently, evidence has accumulated on the important role of the gut microbiome in outcomes after solid organ transplantation. As an altered microbiome is present in pediatric patients with end-stage liver diseases, we hypothesize that the persisting alterations in microbial composition or function contribute to the development of graft fibrosis, for example by bacteria translocation due to increased intestinal permeability, imbalanced bile acids metabolism, and/or decreased production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Subsequently, an immune response can be activated in the graft, together with the stimulation of fibrogenesis. Here we review current knowledge about the potential mechanisms by which alterations in microbial composition or function may lead to graft fibrosis in pediatric LT and we provide prospective views on the efficacy of gut microbiome manipulation as a therapeutic target to alleviate the graft fibrosis and to improve long-term survival after LT.