bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Importância do Conhecimento das Patologias Neurocirúrgicas na Perícia Médico Legal
Authors: Paula Ribeiro Alberto  , Juliano Nery Navarro
Published: July 2017

A perícia médico legal tem a função de estabelecer a forma e a causa da morte. Baseado nesses dados, a justiça atua condenando os culpados pelos crimes. O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever uma patologia frequentemente encontrada no instituto médico legal, o hematoma subdural agudo, e com isso debater suas causas raras, não traumáticas. Realizou-se uma pesquisa na literatura nacional e internacional utilizando o banco de dados MEDLINE, sendo selecionados 10 artigos sobre o assunto, publicados nos últimos 16 anos. O exame pericial na Medicina Legal deve ser muito criterioso para evitar conclusões indevidas pela justiça.
Everyday afflictions in global context
Authors: Moyer Eileen , Nguyen Vinh-Kim
Published: July 2017

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‘My friends look just like you’
Authors: Fast Danya
Published: July 2017

Drawing on eight years of research with young people who inhabit the margins of Vancouver, in this article I bring into view some of the ‘frictions’ that can arise when conducting anthropological research at home, across vast differences in power and privilege. I argue that our research subjects can also be deeply concerned with how to position themselves in relation to researchers and research studies, and with navigating the various forms of social and geographical distance and proximity that are embedded in anthropological encounters across time. Paying attention to how our research subjects position themselves in research encounters may force us to problematize tidy boundaries between ‘us’ and ‘them’.
What is critical global health?
Authors: Adams Vincanne
Published: July 2017

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Self-determination in dependence
Authors: Veen Klaas Willem van der
Published: July 2017

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Cytomegalovirus
Authors: Cancelliere Francesca
Published: July 2017

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Blind spot
Authors: Golomski Casey , Martínez Néstor Nuño , Trifunović Vesna
Published: July 2017

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The lives of terminally ill people with neuropsychiatric complications of AIDS
Authors: Datta Gaurav
Published: July 2017

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Examining biomedicine
Authors: Moyer Eileen , Nguyen Vinh-Kim
Published: July 2017

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Boom and bust
Authors: McGuire Marlee
Published: July 2017

In this think piece I argue that there is an interactive relationship between physical and symbolic landscapes, and that the interplay of the two forms a ‘therapeutic landscape’. This reformulation of Gesler’s (1992) concept of the therapeutic landscape helps to make visible the relationship between utilitarian systems of natural resource extraction and notions of deservingness for care. I show how in Alberta, Canada, there was a shift in the therapeutic landscape following the late 2014 crash in the global price of oil. Alberta is an ‘oil economy’ with an economic system that is strongly dependent on its oil and gas extractive industry; its public health care system is supported in part by royalties paid by private oil companies. When the global price of oil dropped, both health policy researchers and parents of children with rare and severe genetic diseases worried that costly treatments might be valued differently in this new terrain and that patients might be deemed undeserving of such expense. The therapeutic landscape concept applied in this way becomes a tool for understanding the linkages between economies of care and the political economy of place.
A research alliance
Authors: Peterson Kristin , Folayan Morenike
Published: July 2017

This article explores a research alliance across fields and continents in the wake of the early and controversial HIV-prevention clinical trials of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Our research set out to understand why three trial arms prematurely closed while another was refused approval from the relevant institutional review board. We conducted ethnographic research on ‘what happened’ at two of the sites. Over time our research strategy cohered around unearthing and exploring rapidly disappearing knowledge. We analyze insider/outsider politics, the power of global public-private partnerships, and the forms of scientific knowledge (located in African countries) that get left behind in the process.
Cerbeleón Pinzón y la Paz Pública
Authors: Cardona Z Patricia , Céspedes Carolina
Published: July 2017

El discurso Sobre la Paz Pública, escrito por el abogado y publicista Cerbeleón Pinzón (1813-1870), aspiraba a resaltar los atributos favorables de la paz para el fortalecimiento del Estado y sus instituciones republicanas y para el goce de las riquezas naturales con que la providencia dotara los territorios patrios. El contexto no podía estar más caldeado; este documento es el producto de varios años de reflexiones alrededor de la paz, fraguadas bajo el azote y la incertidumbre de las guerras civiles, que acompañaron la construcción del Estado y la definición de la Nación. El fragmento del documento que presentamos a los lectores responde a la necesidad de comprender, a través del pasado, las experiencias vividas y sentidas en relación con la paz y los beneficios sociales y políticos que se derivan de su implementación.
Hybrid Bees Algorithm to Solve Aircraft Landing Problem
Authors: Abdul-Razaq T. , Ali F.
Published: July 2017

In this paper, we study the aircraft landing problem (ALP), which considered as one of a combinatorial optimization problems, in a single runway case. We present in the first part, a mathematical formulation of the problem with a linear objective function. In the second part, we consider the static case of the problem where all data are known in advance. We present a new heuristic for scheduling static case of aircraft landing; this heuristic is incorporated into Bees algorithm to solve this problem.
Hybrid Wavelet and Discrete Cosine Transform Methods for Ethnicity Identification
Authors: Ahmad F. , Mohammed A.
Published: July 2017

Ethnic (Race) denotes to people who share common facial features that perceptually discriminate them from members of other ethnic groups. Ethnicity identification from face images is a process of facial features compilation of an individual compared to existing faces to inference his/her ethnic class, it play important role in face-related applications. In this paper, an improved ethnicity identification system’s accuracy is proposed through hybrid Wavelet and DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform) global feature extractor. Firstly, a wavelet transform is applied to the face image with 4 levels of decomposition. And then the DCT transform is performed on the LL4 (Low-Low) approximation coefficients band. A frontal facial database containing (950) images of three different ethnic groups (European, Oriental, and African) with different conditions (lighting, expression, with glasses or without) is used for experimental tests. Results show that the proposed scheme is outperform other recent related works in terms of accuracy and efficiency.
Geomorphic indexes of tectonic activity through the analysis of the drainage systems in the Sangaw area, Kurdistan Region –Geomorphic indexes of tectonic activity through the analysis of the drainage systems in the Sangaw area, Kurdistan Region – NE-Iraq
Authors: Bety Azhar
Published: July 2017

Different geomorphic indicators like drainage basin asymmetry (AF), transverse topographic symmetry factor (T), mountain front sinuosity (Smf) and ratio of valley floor width to valley height (Vf) was obtained from the Sangaw basin to study the tectonic activities in Sangaw district area, which it located within the administrative boundaries of the Sulaimani City, Kurdistan Region – NE-Iraq. 

Geographic Information System (GIS) was used in the calculation of the geomorphic indicators and in order to study, analyze and classify tectonic activity. The results of geomorphic indicators with respect to the visual interpretation of satellite image, DEM and field observation shows that the area is tectonically active, and the activity is is tectonically active, and the activity is ranging between moderate to high activities.
Restricted Detour Polynomials of Straight Chains of Graphs
Authors: Mohammed-Saleh Gashaw
Published: July 2017

Recurrence relations for the restricted detour polynomials of straightchains of vertex identified and edge-introducing graphs are obtained. Then,restricted detour polynomials for chains of hexagons and pentagons are alsoobtained with their restricted detour indices.
Synthesis of some new heterocyclic compounds derived from 4-(4-hydroxy-3-chlorophenyl) azoaceto phenone
Authors: Hawaiz Farouq , Samad Mohammed , Aziz Marlin
Published: July 2017

p-Aminoacetophenone underwent diazotization and coupling reaction with 2-chlorophenol to give a starting material 4-(4-hydroxy-3-chlorophenyl)azoacetophenone.The prepared starting material was benzylated with benzylbromide producing 4-[4-benzyloxy-3-chloro-phenyl]azoacetophenone. The later has been reacted with differentsubstituted benzaldehydes affording a series of new chalcones. The newly synthesizedchalcones were treated with hydrazine hydrate to form the desired molecules azobenzyloxy-pyrazoline derivatives. The spectrum measurements of FT-IR, 1H-NMR and13C-NMR, confirmed the expected structures of the newly synthesized compounds.
Assessment of patient admission outcome at Sulaimani's Intensive Care Unit General Teaching Hospital in 2013: A retrospective study
Authors: Kadir Farida , Azize Pary
Published: July 2017

Measuring how many people died each year and why they died along with theassessment of the diseases and the injuries that affected the population, is important forthe effectiveness of the country's health (WHO, 2005). This study has been done in orderto assess the frequency of the patient's characteristics, reasons and outcome of admissionpatients in the Sulaimani's Intensive care Unit that determine the type of diseases forhospitalized patients. Information was obtained from the patients’ medical recordsincluding (age, gender, occupation, patient's outcome, residency and disease type). Therecords of 655 hospitalized patients with medical diseases were analyzed from January2013 to December 2013. Males represented 52.5% and females 47.5% of them. The mostaffected age groups were 61-70 followed by 71-80. Out of the total, 60.9% of thosedischarged from hospital were alive, while, 39.1% of them were deceased. Respiratorydiseases were the most common cause of admission (22.0%), followed by cerebraldisease (20.3 %.), blood disease (13.9%) and heart diseases (13.1%); these were havingthe highest frequency among hospitalized patients. In Sulaimani, cerebral diseases,respiratory diseases, renal and heart diseases were the more prevalent leading causes ofdeath.
Ps--Connected Spaces
Authors: Shareef Hardi , Aziz Hardi , Darwesh Halgwrd
Published: July 2017

The aim of this work is to introduce a new generalization of a pre-connected space,which is called -connected space and study relationship with other types of connectedspaces and gives some results on it. Further results concerning preservation of thisconnectedness like properties under surjections are obtained.
Identification of Human Cytomegalovirus by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Compared with Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
Authors: Salih Gaza , Tawfeeq Hassan , Nuradeen Bryar
Published: July 2017

The main aim of this study is to identify human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)among suspected patient in Sulaimani city by using PCR technique The serological testsare currently the only methods widely available in our country. However, newer methodse.g.: (PCR) for (HCMV) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) amplification can diagnoseHCMV disease in its very early stage. Thirty-six sera samples of patients who weresuspected by physician were collected at Sulaimani Public Health Laboratory from 13July to 24 August of 2008. The study for the detection of HCMV DNA was carried out,in Kurdistan Technology and Scientific Research. The study shows that (24) cases out of36 (66.67%) were positive by PCR. In the male group there were 7 (63.636%) positivecases from the total of 11 samples and in the female group 17 (68%) out of 25 sampleswere positive. In the abortion group there were 13 (68.421%) positive case from a totalof 19 samples. In suspected immunocompromised group from the total of 12 samples,HCMV DNA was detected in 7 (58.33%), and in the other cases 4 (80%) out of 5samples were seropositive. The sensitivity and specificity of serological tests for CMVIgM using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was 29.16 and 100%, whilethe sensitivity and specificity of serological test for CMV IgG was 70.83 and 25%respectively. This study confirms the results of the previous studies in that PCR can beconsidered as gold standard.
Miscut measuring of SrTiO3 single crystal using high resolution X-ray diffraction
Authors: Abdullah Aziz , Saeed Salah
Published: July 2017

Strontium titanate (SrTiO3) is one of the perovskite type metal oxides with multifunctional properties and it has a lot of applications in various sectors of technology. Inthis paper, we obtained the miscut angles from Bragg peak after performing ω scans ofHRXRD at different angles of φ with intervals of 90○. The obtained results locatedbetween 0.2015○ and 0.4302○ using two ways (mathematically and Epitaxy software),which is considered as a tolerance limit (less than 1°) to cut the substrates.
Effect of Olive Leaf Extract on Physio-Chemical and Microbiological Traits of Local Fresh Fish Fillets During Refrigeration Storage.
Authors: Khidhir Zaid
Published: July 2017

This research was performed to evaluate the activity of olive leaf (OLE) as an

antioxidant and antimicrobial on some traits of fresh fish, Olive leaf extract (OLE)

solutions will prepare at the concentration of 2% and 4% (v/v). Fish sample is divided

into five treatment included T1 is considered a control without treatment, while, other

fish sample are treated with different concentration of olive leaf extract by using sprays

and immersion methods, T2: 2% spraying, T3: 2% immersion, T4: 4% spraying, T5: 4 %

immersion). The samples were then stored under refrigerated conditions (4.0°C) for 0,

2, 5and 7 days until analysis. The result were recorded a high water holding capacity in

T5 (39.955%), while the lower (WHC) percentage T1 (36.750%) After 7 days of storage.

In the end periods storage, recorded a high cooking loss (CL) percentage in T1

(50.325%) while lower CL percentage recorded in T4 (43.865%). T1 gave a high TBA

value (5.050 mg MDA/ kg) while, T5 recorded a lower TBA value (2.065 mg MDA/ kg)

after 7 days of storage. FFA percentages, at 7 days of storage, the highest percentage

recorded in T1 (1.435%), while the lowest value recorded in T4 and T5 (0.999 and 0.997

% respectively). The results observed that T1 recorded a higher TPC and psychrophilic

count, which were T5, which were (2.25×105 CFU/g) and (2.775×103 CFU/g)

respectively, while, fish sample were treated with T5 gave a lower TPC and

psychrophilic count, which were (1.065×105 CFU/g) and (1.434 ×103 CFU/g)

respectively. It can be concluded that the positive effect of olive leaf extract proves much

more effective as a source of natural antioxidant and antibacterial, which may have uses

for solves quality problems in their products.
Sg- Continuity in Topological Spaces.
Authors: Darwesh Halgwrd , Hassan Nawroz
Published: July 2017

The aim of the present paper, is to introduce and study a new class of functions which is

strictly placed between the class of  -continuous functions and the class of semi-continuous function, we call it the class of -continuous functions. The basic properties, characterizations and relationships with some other classes of continuity are

also obtained.
Rainfall Event Analysis for Urban Flooding Study Using Radar Rainfall Data.
Authors: Mahmmud Rebar
Published: July 2017

Urban flooding is one of the most serious challenges facing urban areas and causesdestruction of properties and major problems for people living in urban areas. Itoccurs in an urban area when intense convective rainfall happens that is higher thanthe capacity of the urban drainage system. Rainfall data can be recorded by radar andby rain gauge. It is essential for urban flooding studies to have access to high qualityrainfall data in attempting to reduce and tackle this challenge. The main aim of thispaper is to test the quality of radar data by means of rainfall event analysis. Radardata obtained from Yorkshire Water were analysed and compared to rain gauge dataduring selected rainfall events in a study area located in North Yorkshire in the UK.Rainfall intensity curves within 5 minute and one-hour intervals, cumulative rainfalldepth curves and normalised bias were used as standard methods for comparisonbetween radar and rain gauge data during the selected rainfall events. Available datawere collected for June, July, and October 2008 and were recorded from Blackhill,Harrogate North, and Helmsley rain gauges, and radar data for these same locationswere also collected. The results of this thesis show that certain errors might have animpact on radar data in terms of quality. Some such errors caused overestimation ofradar rainfall data, such as anomalous propagation error and error related tothunderstorm. However, other errors, such as attenuation, caused underestimation inradar rainfall data.
Distance Measurement using an Infrared Distance Sensor Based on Lagrange and Newton Interpolating Polynomials.
Authors: Abdullah Rawaz
Published: July 2017

This paper presents two models for distance measurement to a very popular infrared (IR)

distance measuring sensor from SHARP, which has applications in projects that require

cheap and accurate distance measurements. The sensor outputs a voltage at any distance

(with a range from 10 cm to 80 cm) from an object based on the optical triangulation

method. The variety of the reflectivity of the object, the environmental temperature and

the operating duration are not influenced easily to the distance detection. The presented

models in this paper are based on Newton and Lagrange interpolating polynomials,

which require a few data points to compute the polynomial equations and thereby the

distance from any object could be computed easily. The expected errors in distance

estimation for the two proposed models are analyzed. As it is evident from the results,

the two models could be used easily with insignificant amount of error.
Sulfate content in some water systems within Erbil City/KRG by using turbidimetric and titrimetric methods.
Authors: Shekha Yahya
Published: July 2017

This study was conducted on two water bodies; three sites were selected on Erbil

wastewater channel and four sites on Greater Zab river. Water samples were collected at

regular monthly interval periods beginning at July 2012 to April 2013. Sulfate

concentration was determined by EDTA titrimetric and barium sulfate procedures in

order to compare the results obtained by both methods. The mean values of sulfate

concentration in Greater Zab river was 74.98 and 1205.9 mg.l-1 for EDTA titrimetric and

barium sulfate methods respectively, while for Erbil wastewater channel samples sulfate

concentration mean values was 109.46 and 1240.5 mg.l-1 for EDTA titrimetric and

barium sulfate methods respectively. As a mean values sulfate concentration is ten times

more by barium sulfate method than other method. From standard error values it appears

that EDTA titrimetric method is more accurate and suitable for sulfate determination

than other method which is quick, simple and easy.
Age determinations of Cretaceous sequences based on calcareous nannofossils in Zagros Thrust and Folded Zone in Kurdistan Region-Iraq.
Authors: Ahmed Sirwan , Qadir Barween , Müller Carla
Published: July 2017

The studied area is located in Northern Iraq in the Kurdistan Region, in the North-

Western part of the Zagros Fold belt. This study concentrates on the biostratigraphic

approach using nannofossil analysis to identify the age of the formations that have

deposited during Cretaceous period in Kurdistan Region-Iraq. The sedimentary

sequences in Kurdistan region exhibit many lateral and vertical environmental and facies

changes. Previously most of the works to recognize the age of the formations were

concentrated on the Foraminifera zonation. In the present study, attempts have been

made to review the age of the formations and the contact between them by using

nannofossil analysis technique. Nannofossils assemblage Chia Gara Formations show

that conformable contact situation between Jurassic-Cretaceous. The contact is between

Late Tithonian Chia Gara and Berriasian- Valanginian Balambo formations. In Kurdistan

during Hauterivian-Barremian the outer shelf sediment of Sarmord Formation deposited

that conformably overlay Balambo Formation. The Qamchuqa Formation is a

heterogeneous group of limestone. The lower part is belongs to the Aptian to Albian

periods, while The upper part of the Qamchuqa limestone is generally dolomitized,

therefore, the existed nannofossils even within the locally thin marl layers are destroyed.

The Dokan Formation, which appears along the Dokan dam, is a Cenomanian age. The

Kometan Formation is represented an Early Turonian age. The top of the Kometan

limestone is characterized by a hard ground most possibly indicating a hiatus. The

sequence of marl-Limestone of Shiranish Formation we dated Early to Late Campanian.

Toward north the Early to Late Campanian part of Shiranish Formation can be locally

replaced by the reefal Bekmeh limestone Formation. Very rare nannofossils were found

in the marly intercalations of the Bekmeh limestone indicating at least a Late Cretaceous

age. The Shiranish/Tanjero formations boundary lies within the Upper Campanian. The

age of Tanjero Formation ranges from Late Campanian to Late Maastrichtian.
The comparative study of some faba bean (Vicia faba L.) varieties under rainfed condition in Sulaimani –Iraqi Kurdistan Region.
Authors: Tofiq Sherwan , Aziz Omer , Salih Sazgar
Published: July 2017

The present study was carried out at Sulaimani region- Agricultural Research Center of

Bakrajo, during three successive winter seasons (2011-2014).Using seven varieties of

faba bean namely Zaina, Seher, Yieldiz, Civilla, Luz di Otono , Tanyari, and local.

According to randomized complete block design with three replications. The

comparisons among the means were carried out using least significant difference test

(LSD) at 0.05 significant level. Results of this investigation summarized as the average

of all seasons as follow: The variety Seher recorded maximum values for the characters

pod length, number of seeds per pod and 100 seed weight, while the variety Civilla

recorded the highest value for the characters number of seeds per plant and seed yield,

while local variety produced the highest value for the character number of pods per

plant. Significant differences were presented between seasons due to the average of all

characters. The third season exhibited maximum values due to the characters number of

pods per plant, pod length, number of seeds per plant and seed yield.
Effect of different clipping times on forage quality of three cereal crops at two locations of sulaimani region
Authors: Tawfiq Sherwan , Muhammed Sanarya
Published: July 2017

The present study was conducted in Sulaimani Region at two different locations,Qlyasan and Kanipanka during the winter season of 2010-2011, to determine the effectof different clipping times{clipping at 80 days after sowing (1st clipping time), clippingat 90 days after sowing (2ndclipping time), clipping at 100 days after sowing (3dclippingtime), and clipping at 110 days after sowing (4th clipping time) as well as control (noclipping)}on forage quality of three cereal crops (wheat, barley and triticale) at Qlyasanlocation and the following day similarity at Kanipanka location. The design was splitplot within factorial experiment, the cereal crops were implemented in the main plots andarranged with complete randomized design (CRBD) and replicated three times, wherethe clipping times were implemented in sub plots. Means comparison were carried outusing least significant difference test (LSD) at 0.05 significant levels.The results of the present study as the average of both locations showed that the fourthclipping time exceeded the other clipping times in the characters: Acid Detergent Fiber(ADF%), Acid Detergent Lignin (ADL%), Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF%), fiber%,starch% and Mg% with the values of 28.222%, 5.645%, 39.194% , 14.282%, 8.223%and 0.080% respectively, while the first clipping time exhibited maximum values of14.561% , 24.992%, 81.138%, 0.545% , 4.408%, 0.583% and 3.734% for the charactersAsh%, protein%, DP%, Ca%, K%, P% and fat% respectively.According to the results of this study we concluded that protein and digestible proteinwere differed significantly among species, where barley showed its superiority in thesecharacters and most quality traits compared to wheat and triticale, and The quality wasdiminished as maturity increased, the nutrient composition and forage quality of smallgrain plants change significantly as the plants develop; therefore, the earlier cutting datesare recommended to achieve this purpose.
Some Properties of Binormal Operators
Authors: Hassan Hadeel
Published: July 2017

In this paper we have introduced some classes of operators like class of normal

operators and n-binormal operators and n-isometry operators on an infinite Hilbert

space H. We have given some basic properties of these classes of operators. In

general, every normal operator is not necessarily an isometry operator and we studied

the relationship between normal with n-isometry and normal with n-binormal .We

concluded the relationship between n-isometry with n-binormal.
Effect of chelated iron, iron filings and sulfur on vegetative, yield and fruit characteristics of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch) Cv. Cadonca
Authors: Bani Shukri
Published: July 2017

The present study was conducted during growing season 2013-2014, to investigate the

effects of chelated iron (0, 50 and 100mg Fe l-1), iron filings (0 and 10g plant-1) and agricultural

sulfur (0 and 10g S plant-1) on vegetative, yield and fruit characteristics of strawberry Cadonca

cultivar. The results showed that the foliar spray with chelated iron (50 and 100mg Fe l-1) and

soil treatment with iron filings (10g plant-1) caused significant increases in each of leaf iron

content, leaf total chlorophyll content, leaf dry matter percentage, plant yield, and fruit total

soluble solids. Soil treatment with agriculture sulfur (10g S plant-1) also caused increases in

each of leaf iron content, leaf total chlorophyll content, leaf dry matter percentage, plant yield,

and fruit total acidity but did not reach to significant levels.

The effect of interactions between each of iron filings + sulfur, iron filings +cheleted iron

and sulfur + chelated iron were significant with the most of parameters. The interaction

between 10g iron filings plant-1 + 10g S plant -1, 10g iron filings plant-1+100mg chelated iron l-1

and 10g S plant -1 + 100mg chelated iron l-1 significantly increased the most studied

parameters. In respect of interaction of the three studied factors, the interaction of 10g iron

filings plant-1 + 10g S plant-1 +100mg chelated iron l-1 was the best thrice interaction in

promoting the most studied characteristics.
Real Time Motion and Color Detection
Authors: Faek Fatima , Elyas Velar
Published: July 2017

When using HD video cameras in stores a large storage space is needed. The required

storage space can be decreased using motion and a color detection algorithm that

makes the camera records only when a motion or a lighting change occur. So, in this

work a real time motion and color detection is presented based on the difference of

two successive frames of images after dividing the image into blocks, different block

sizes are tested (2×2, 4×4 , and 8×8).YCbCr color system is used for each case with

different thresholds for Cb, Cr, and Y. Good results for the motion detection can be

obtained using Cb, and Cr other than Y, since the coloring components of an image are

exist in Cr, and Cb, which are important for motion detection. Additionally the

components that produce or reflect bright light can be obtained from Y. Consequently

the result of lightening change detection at different illumination conditions is better

using Y more than Cb, and Cr. This means that the best result for both motion, and

lighting change detection is obtained by combining the chrominance (Cb, Cr) and

luminance (Y) components of a video. The data used in this work are collected in an

indoor environment using a laptop webcam under different illumination conditions.
Response of Growth, Yield and Yield Components of two Sunflower Varieties (Helianthus annuus L.) to Nitrogen Fertilization
Authors: Hama Shara
Published: July 2017

A field study was conducted at spring 2013 in the experimental farm of the Faculty ofAgricultural Science, University of Sulaimany at Bakrajo, to evaluate the response ofsome growth characters, yield and yield components of two varieties Flame and Sirenaand three Nitrogen fertilization on growth and yield sunflower (Helianthus annaus L.).The experiment comprised of two varieties of sunflower (Flame and Sirena) andNitrogen fertilization levels (0, 100 and 200) Kg (urea) ha-1. Arranged as Split-Plot inRandomized Completely Block Design with three replications. performances in termof plant height, leaves number and stem diameter were evaluated. The importantcharacter of yield, yield components and growth were also evaluated. The Nitrogenfertilizer levels were implemented in the main plots and varieties implemented in thesub-plots. The results showed no significant differences between varieties in growthcharacters with exception of stem diameter, while it was found to be significant on allyield characters with exception of disk diameter, there were no significant differencesof nitrogen levels on growth characters with exception of number of leaves plant -1,while it was found to be highly significant on all yield characters. The effect ofinteraction between varieties and Nitrogen levels were no significant for all growthcharacters, yield and yield components continue.The highest percentage of oil represented in the variety (Flame) under the treatment ofcontrol.
SYSTEM ASPECTS OF THE MORPHOLOGY OF THE TRANSITIONAL CRISIS IN ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: Rykov I. Y.
Published: July 2017

Characteristics of the two main approaches to modeling of management processes are described. The first of them is the system-cybernetic (separation of the control procedures in processes), the second is modeling stages of the company development by L. Greiner (partition of the cycle stages of organization). Each approach of business process modeling is viewed using simple charts and tables. The purpose of research is to acquaint managers of companies with the most effective management systems in order to the enterprise the correct organizational development of the company. The general laws of building optimal crisis management mechanisms now is given.
REGULATION OF RELATIONS BETWEEN THE CUSTOMER AND THE EXECUTOR OF THE STATE DEFENSE ORDER
Authors: Lyuter E. V. , Gusarova Y. V. , Starkova M. M. , Vorozheikin A. S.
Published: July 2017

Below is the original author's method of assessment of financial and economic sustainability of enterprises-performers of the state defense order. This method takes into account the financial and economic performance of the enterprise. The proposed comprehensive indicator of financial and economic sustainability can be used by the state customer at the stage of analyzing the possibility of the state contract execution by potential contractors.
Improvement of motivation environment in Russian innovation-oriented companies
Authors: SAYAPIN A. V.
Published: July 2017

The article represents main terms of motivation environment concept, elaborated by the author, as an instrument for personnel involvement growth in a company’s innovation process. Analysis of motivation environment components in Russian high-tech innovation-oriented companies “AO «NPO “Krypten»” and “OOO «Verilion»” is held, and problem aspects, which prevent to the companies' effective activity are defined. Practical instruments and recommendations for their solution are offered. Positive influence of motivation environment in a process of commercial organisations' strategic development is proved.
To compare the effects of intra vaginal prostaglandin E1 and intra-cervical prostaglandin E2 for prelabour ripening of unfavorable uterine cervix in nulliparous women
Authors: Jain Shikha A. , Chakravarti Nisha C.
Published: July 2017

Background: Induction of labour by use of prostaglandins improves the obstetric outcome in complicated cases such as prolonged deliveries. The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) for prelabour ripening of unfavourable uterine cervix in nulliparous women, to study the effect of PGE1 and PGE2 on duration of labor and to evaluate the obstetrical and neonatal outcome of induction of labour using prostaglandins E1 and E2.Methods: This was a prospective study conducted on 50 nulliparous women with singleton pregnancy with gestational age ≥37 weeks during the period from August 2008 to October 2010 in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Bombay Hospital Institute of Medical Sciences and Allied Hospitals, Mumbai. All the 50 patients were divided into two groups. Group-1 containing 25 patients received intravaginal PGE1, (Tablet Misoprostol 25 mcg) inserted in the posterior vaginal fornix under all aseptic precautions. Group-2 containing 25 patients received intracervical PGE2, (Dinoprostone gel, 0.5 mg). Analysis and comparison of various parameters like induction- delivery interval, Bishops score before and after administration of drug, mode of delivery, neonatal outcome, foeto-maternal complications between the two groups were noted and analysed the data statistically by using Chi-square, continuity correction, Fisher's exact test and Mann-Whitney tests.Results: Majority of the patients in both the groups were under the age of 23-27 years. Post-datism was the common indication noticed in 18 (72%) and 13 (52%) patients of both the groups respectively. Maximum patients had a Bishop’s score of 3 in PGE1 (56%) and PGE2 groups (48%) respectively. The improvement in Bishop’s score in both the groups before and after drug administration was 6.20 and 6.76 respectively. Maximum patients in both the groups went into active labour within six hours of induction of labour. The most common side effects seen in our study was nausea and vomiting in both groups. Majority (23) were born with Apgar score 8-10 in group 1 and 21 for group 2 patients.Conclusions: Both the drugs had similar efficacy and safety in induction of labour. Prospective research is required to fully evaluate the impact of AMOR-IPAT on nulliparous birth outcomes.
Pesticides, insecticides and male infertility
Authors: Roy Priyanka , Phukan Pranay Kumar , Changmai Debojit , Boruah Surajeet
Published: July 2017

Background: Pesticides, insecticides can damage the male reproductive system in a number of ways. They may cause reproductive toxicity with direct damage to the structure of the cells or as a result of biotransformation into metabolites. They can alter DNA structure. They may also act like hormones in the endocrine system and disrupt the function of the natural endogenous hormones, when doing so they are often called endocrine disrupting chemicals. The objective of the study was to evaluate the association of infertility with pesticide and insecticide exposure among the infertile male patients attending Out Patient Department of Assam Medical College and Hospital.Methods: The pesticides and insecticides used by the population were cypermethrin, thiaclopride, acetamiprid, emmacetin benzoate A total of 55 oligospermic infertile male patients were taken for the study. Twenty-seven among them were exposed to pesticides and rest twenty-eight unexposed cases were taken as control group. Semen analysis was done along with serum FSH, LH and Testosterone. Scrotal ultrasonography of the subjects was also done. One way ANOVA test and t-test assuming two unequal variances were applied to find out the statistical significance of the association of pesticides with their infertility. p<0.05 was taken to be significant.Results: A significant decrease in sperm concentration was found in the exposed group. Also, a significant increase in serum LH was found in the exposed group. A significant decrease in sperm concentration and serum testosterone along with a significant increase in serum FSH and LH was found with increase in duration of exposure to pesticides and insecticides.Conclusions: The gonadotoxic effect of pesticides and insecticides was reflected from the study and it was concluded that pesticide and insecticide exposure has got a definite relation with the infertility of the subjects evaluated in the study.
A prospective analytical study of intrauterine fetal death cases and associated maternal condition at a tertiary centre
Authors: Gehlot Hanslata , Nagar Girdhar Gopal , Sharma Seema , Yadav Om Prakash
Published: July 2017

Background: Intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) is a cataclysmic event for the parents and a lamentable event for the caregiver. Intrauterine fetal death is an important indicator of maternal and perinatal health of a given population. This study was undertaken to study the maternal and fetal factors associated with intrauterine fetal death. In this traumatic time, it is important to ensure that the emotional needs of the family are met. The objective of the study was to evaluate and understand the prevalence, socio-epidemiological and etiological factors of IUFD.Methods: This was a prospective analytical study carried out at Umaid Hospital associated to Dr. S. N. Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan from August 2015 to Jan 2016 for a duration of 6 months. Informed consent was taken from all the participants. A predesigned proforma was used to collect relevant information from all those who gave consent to participate in the study. The details of complaints at admission, obstetrical history, menstrual history, examination findings, per vaginal examination findings, mode and method of delivery, and fetal outcome and investigation reports were recorded.Results: A total of 435 intrauterine fetal deaths were reported amongst 11615 deliveries conducted during the study period in our hospital. The incidence of IUFD was 37/1000 live births. 327 (75.17%) deliveries were unbooked and unsupervised and had no antenatal check-up. 306(70.74%) patients were from rural areas and 243 (50.11%) were preterm and 430(98.85%) were singleton delivery. Amongst the identifiable causes, hypertensive disorders (22.75%) and very severe anaemia (13.10%) were the most common ones followed by placental causes (9.97%). Congenital malformations were responsible for 11.03% cases of IUFD and in rest 10.57% cases no obvious cause could be identified. Induction was done in 195 patients, 174 patients had spontaneous onset of labour and caesarean section was done in 66 patients.Conclusions: The incidence of intrauterine fetal deaths in our population is higher than that reported from the developed countries. The present study is an effort to compile a profile of maternal, fetal and placental causes culminating in IUFD at our centre. This emphasizes the importance of proper antenatal care and identification of risk factors and its treatment. Institutional deliveries should be promoted to prevent IUFD. Decrease in the incidence of IUFD would significantly reduce the perinatal mortality. Majority of fetal wastage can be prevented with universal and improved antenatal care.
Intravenous versus oral iron therapy in treatment of postpartum anaemia
Authors: Agarwal Neelima , Sharma Preeti
Published: July 2017

Background: Postpartum iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is common in women. Most women are treated with either oral iron supplementation or blood transfusion. Hence, the aim of our study was to compare the effect of treatment with either oral ferrous sulphate or intravenous ferrous sucrose on postpartum IDA.Methods: 100 postpartum women with proven iron deficiency anaemia with hemoglobin <9gm/dl and serum ferritin <15 µgm/l were included in the study. They were randomized to receive either oral ferrous sulphate 200 mg twice daily for 6 weeks (group 1) or intravenous ferrous sucrose 200 mg, two to three doses given on alternate days (group 2). Total iron deficit was calculated using a standard formula. Target hemoglobin was 11 gm/dl. Results were analysed by the students t-test and chi-square test. Hemoglobin, hematocrit, red cell indices and ferritin were measured on day 2-3, 1-2 weeks and 6 weeks postpartumResults: By 1-2 weeks, hemoglobin level in women treated with intravenous iron had risen from 7.81±0.849 to 9.88±0.760 gm/dl which was more than those treated with oral iron (p<0.01); although by 6 weeks, there was no significant difference between the two groups. Ferritin levels rose rapidly in those treated with intravenous iron and remained significantly higher than in those treated with oral iron (p<0.01).Conclusions: Intravenous iron sucrose increases the hemoglobin level more rapidly than oral ferrous sulphate in women with postpartum IDA. It also replenishes iron stores more rapidly.
Genital tuberculosis and infertility
Authors: Shende Prajakta , Valecha Shalini Mahana , Gandhewar Manisha , Dhingra Diwija
Published: July 2017

Background: An analytical study to diagnose genital tuberculosis, using various modalities, it`s treatment options and fertility outcomes in infertile labour class women.Methods: A prospective study, where 120 women, presented to hospital due to infertility were subjected to hystero-laparoscopy over 36 months. Endometrium sent for TB-PCR and HPR. Those diagnosed with GTB were given Anti-Tubercular Drugs as per standard regimes and their fertility outcome was studied.Results: Out of 120 women, 32(27%) were diagnosed with GTB using accepted clinical criteria, TB-PCR and endometrial HPR. 30 of these 32 were diagnosed by HLscopic picture (94%) alone, 18 by positive endometrial TB-PCR (58%) and another 3 by HPR (10%). Among 32 women treated, 9(28%) conceived after treatment.Conclusions: High incidence of GTB amongst the labour class warrants strong suspicion and early diagnosis using hystero-laparoscopy and prompt treatment to minimize the short and long-term effects of GTB on fertility.
Distribution of causes of abnormal uterine bleeding using new FIGO classification system-PALM COEIN: a rural tertiary hospital based study
Authors: Betha Kalpana , Malavatu Lavanya , Talasani Sreeveena
Published: July 2017

Background: Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB) is a significant debilitating clinical condition. It may have a significant impact on women’s quality of life with significant burden to the country’s economy. The primary aim was to categorize women with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB) according to PALM COEIN classification system and to correlate the clinical diagnosis and histopathologic features of various causes of AUB.Methods: A retrospective study was carried out on 250 non-gravid reproductive age women between 25-45 years with complaints of AUB at Mediciti Institute of Medical Sciences, a rural tertiary teaching hospital during the period January 2014 to December 2015.Results: The PALM and COEIN groups accounted for 60.4% and 39.6% respectively. Leiomyoma was the most common cause of AUB (30.4%) and Ovulatory disorders was the 2nd most common cause of AUB (13.6%). A total of 172 (68.8%) were classified as having chronic AUB and 78(31.2%) as having acute AUB. In AUB-L, the difference in clinical and histopathological diagnosis was significant (p=0.03).Conclusions: Structural causes of AUB contributed more to the cause of AUB. The PALM COEIN classification system helps us in understanding various etiological causes of AUB and can be used by clinicians and researchers for international comparisons.
Visual inspection of cervix with acetic acid in early diagnosis of cin and early cervical cancer
Authors: Bindal Jyoti , Agrawal Sanju
Published: July 2017

Background: The cervix is the commonest site of female genital tract cancer worldwide. Cancer cervix has a long pre-invasive stage, giving an opportunity for its early detection and treatment.Methods: The present study conducted on 400 patients in OPD and Indoor admitted patients during the period of June 2015 to Sept. 2016. Pap's smears were studied and reported according to the Bethesda classification. On next visit patient attended with cytology report and VIA, VILI was performed and then subjected to colposcopy.Results: The mean age of our population and VIA positivity were 38.2 and 36.8 years. Majority of VIA positive cases had white discharge or pain in lower abdomen as their presenting complaints. The majority of patients who were VIA positive either had cervical ectropion or a hypertrophied cervix. 22 cases were positive on Pap smear and 66 cases were positive on VIA. Only 2 cases positive on Pap smear were missed by VIA. VIA is more sensitive than pap smear. 93.33% of cases, positive on colposcopy were detected by VIA testing. VIA is more sensitive and pap smear more specific in screening of cancer cervix sensitivity ratio of VIA with pap smear is 1.55%.Conclusions: VIA is an attractive test in low resource settings like India. It is simple, inexpensive, low technology test that requires minimal infrastructure for use. It is comparable to cytology in detecting low as well as high grade lesions in terms of sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value.
A comparative study of PPIUCD acceptance between primiparaous and multiparaous women in a tertiary care hospital in Tamil Nadu
Authors: Ramya K. S. , Meena T. S. , Mothilal R.
Published: July 2017

Background: Postpartum intrauterine contraceptive device (PPIUCD) is a postpartum family planning method which provides spacing to the next pregnancy and also it helps to avoid unwanted / unintended pregnancy during postpartum period. Our aim is to study the willingness and PPIUCD acceptance between primiparaous and multiparaous women and compare them as a factor of route of insertion (vaginal versus caesarean).Methods: 1060 vaginal and caesarean deliveries conducted over a period of three months and 676 PPUCD insertions was done among the deliveries in a tertiary care hospital. A comparative cross-sectional study was done on the acceptance of PPIUCD by postpartum mothers between primiparous and multipararous women among the deliveries for the study period.Results: The proportion of willingness for PPIUCD was 68.8% among the postpartum mothers. The percentage of acceptance of PPIUCD was 73.8% and 51.4% in respect of primiparous and multiparous postpartum mothers. The route of PPIUCD insertion was more in caesarean deliveries (34.1%) than in vaginal deliveries (29.7%) in the total deliveries. The PPIUCD insertion in primiparous women was effective and statistically significant at p-value is <0.05.Conclusions: PPIUCD is a strong weapon in the family planning and should be encouraged in both vaginal and caesarean deliveries. The acceptability of PPIUCD by postpartum mothers was more in primiparous than in multiparous women.