bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aspectos clínicos relevantes en el diagnóstico de las oclusiones venosas retinianas: revisión
Authors: Murcia Marcelo Carrizosa , Pineda Ocampo Sara Lucía
Published: March 2017

Objective To describe central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) and branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO), their clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, and risk factors, using the most up-todate information. Materials and methods A systematized search was developed in the PubMed, Science Direct, ProQuest, and Medline databases, among others in addition, literary texts with information on the topic were included. Documents and information were selected from a publication period between 2005 and 2016. Conclusion CRVO and BRVO are prevalent pathologies in the daily practice the diagnostic approach used in optometry is of vital importance, since correct referral is beneficial for patients.
Evaluación de la actividad proteolítica de una solución empleada en la limpieza de lentes de contacto: proyecto de aula
Authors: Castro Jenifer , Chacua Mazabel Luis Eduardo , Mahecha Bernal Karent Paola , Márquez Buitrago Nicoll Andrea , Rivera Rojas Lucy
Published: March 2017

En cada lágrima existe una alta concentración de proteínas y en la mayoría de los materiales empleados en lentes de contacto estas se adhieren, y ello genera depósitos e incomodidad en el usuario. De ahí que sea necesaria la limpieza de los lentes para asegurar la eliminación de tales depósitos. Uno de los métodos más efectivos es la desproteinización, mediante la actividad proteolítica de las proteasas. Objetivos: evaluar la actividad proteolítica de una solución empleada en la limpieza de lentes de contacto, como proyecto final de aula del espacio académico Bioquímica, del programa de Optometría de la Universidad de La Salle. Materiales y métodos: se desarrollaron cuatro ensayos con diferentes concentraciones de la solución limpiadora frente a la misma concentración de solución de albúmina. Se utilizó el reactivo de Biuret y el espectrofotómetro PRIM. Así mismo, se repitieron los mismos ensayos, pero esta vez se utilizó como disolvente de los reactivos la solución indicada por el fabricante. Resultados: se encontró una disminución en la absorbancia en las soluciones de albúmina tratadas con las diferentes concentraciones de la solución limpiadora, lo que indica su actividad proteolítica. La actividad enzimática no se altera al usar agua destilada en lugar de la solución indicada. Conclusiones: se encontró degradación de proteínas por acción de la solución limpiadora en los ensayos realizados. Se considera importante el uso de soluciones con actividad proteolítica en la limpieza y cuidado de lentes de contacto. Se recomienda su empleo entre los usuarios de estos.
Filosofía, matemática y paradojas: el caso de la paradoja Burali-Forti en la argumentación de Descartes sobre la existencia de Dios
Authors: Rangel-Quiñonez Henry Sebastián , Aguirre-Román Javier Orlando
Published: March 2017

El presente escrito presenta las ventajas y desventajas de la formalización matemática como una herramienta para el análisis de argumentos complejos o difusos en la filosofía. De tal forma, aquí se encuentra un recorrido histórico de algunas consideraciones del papel de las matemáticas en la búsqueda del conocimiento. Posterior a ello, se muestra cómo por medio de la teoría de conjuntos y laabstracción matemática, es posible proponer una reinterpretación de algunos textos filosóficos. Para lograr este objetivo, se presenta, a manera de ejemplo, la formalización de los conceptos de “Dios”, “error” y “Creación” dados por Descartes en su libro las Meditaciones de la filosofía primera, este ejercicio permiteproponer una paradoja en donde se evidencia una posible falencia en la delimitación del concepto de Dios. Con todo ello, se demuestra por qué los enfoques matemáticos deben ser promovidos en los estudios filosóficos.
Muscle fibre types and beef quality
Authors:   INRA, France, Astruc Thierry , Vénien Annie ,   INRA, France
Published: March 2017

The quality of bovine meat is related to the composition of the source muscles. Bovine skeletal muscle is mainly composed of three types of muscle fibres that are found in varying proportions in different muscles. The proportion of these different fibre types varies with biological and environmental factors (breed, age, sex, rearing conditions), resulting in variability of carcass and meat qualities. This study focuses on the factors of variation in carcass and muscle composition and on the relationship between muscle fibre type composition and overall meat quality.
Analisis Identifikasi Faktor Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Tingkat Ketahanan Pangan Rumah Tangga di Provinsi Jawa Tengah Tahun 2009
Authors: Purwaningsih Yunastiti , Cahyadin Malik , Gravitiani Evi
Published: March 2017

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CAN THE PRICES OF THE WORLD CRUDE OIL AS A PROXY COST TRANSPORTATION IN TRADE IN ASEAN-3?
Authors: Adi Lumadya
Published: March 2017

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of crude oil prices, GDPimporter, and GDPexporter on trade in three ASEAN includes: Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand.

Analysis tools are: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and the Fixed Effects Model (FEM). In addition to the three countries within ASEAN, researchers include two countries outside ASEAN, namely the USA and Japan. This type of data is the Panel Data with 60 observations.

The results of data analysis based on FEM is:

For Indonesia: GDPexporter, GDPimporter, and the price of crude oil influence significant and positive on trade. Variations are able to be explained by 85.39%.

For Malaysia: GDPexporter, GDPimporter, and the price of crude oil influence significant and positive on trade. Variations are able to be explained by 82.27%.

For Thailand: GDPexporter, GDPimporter, and the price of crude oil significant and positive on trade. Variations are able to be explained by 79.74%.

 

Keywords: crude oil prices, GDPexporters, GDPimporters, intra trade
Study on Optimalization of Own-Source Revenue in Regencies and Municipals in Central Java Province
Authors: Prakoso Jalu Adi , Prima Suci Rahmawati , Satriagasa M. Chrisna , IMNS M. Syahli
Published: March 2017

Optimizing the management of potential areas would provide additional revenue for the region. This research aims to assess whether the government in the counties and cities in Central Java province has been optimally manage their potentials so as to provide benefits beupa increased local revenues derived from the wealth management area. Through the relationship between the variables of the original income (PAD) and the Gross Domestic Product (GRDP) in the counties and cities in Central Java is expected to be known whether each area has been optimal in obtaining local revenue. The data used is data sekuder form of data revenues and GRDP in counties and cities in the province of Central Java during the years 2011-2013 were berusmber from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), the Supreme Audit Agency (BPK), Report of Realized APBD, and RPJMD Central Java.

Methods of data analysis in this research is to use a simple linear regression analysis (OLS Model) and design analysis group. The analysis showed the existence of ties between the GRDP and the PAD. The magnitude of the relationship analyzed by simple linear regression, where the results indicate a positive trend. That is, there is a directly proportional relationship anatara GRDP and PAD. The coefficient of determination of 99.9% explained that the GRDP variable can be explained by the variable revenue of 99.9%, while 0.1% is explained by other variables.

The analysis showed that the GRDP value of the coefficient b> b PAD either at the district, town and overall. These results indicate that there has been no attempt by the government to manage PAD so as to generate the GRDP increase. The government can manage the outcome of PAD to be used in a way that increases the GRDP obtained. As for the test results to determine differences in optimizing the management of local revenue between districts and cities showed that the district can generate GRDP is greater with smaller PAD. It shows that the effort made by the district is more efficient than the effort undertaken by the municipality.

Spatial analysis shows a comparison of the GRDP against the PAD in each county and city in Central Java province is divided into four clusters. Each cluster has a distinct regional characteristics seen from economic activity. The results of the socio-economic analysis of the economy in Central Java province when seen from the conditions of employment, which absorbs the most amount of power keraja is in the agricultural sector, which amounted to 31%, followed by the trade sector 22% and industry 19%.

Keyword: Decentralization, PAD, GRDP
KONTRIBUSI ROYALTI PT NEWMONT NUSA TENGGARA TERHADAP PENDAPATAN DAERAH KABUPATEN SUMBAWA BARAT TAHUN 2006-2012
Authors: Purwadinata Subhan
Published: March 2017

Contributions Royalty PT Newmont Nusa Tenggara to the regional income West Sumbawa Regency Year 2006-2012. The purpose of this study was to investigate the contribution of royalty PT NNT to the regional income West Sumbawa. In this study, secondary data on the realization of royalty PT NNT and regional income data for the year 2006-2012. The data comes from the offices of the financial revenues of West Sumbawa. This study uses a quantitative approach simple statistics. The results of this study indicate that the variable royalty contribute positively to regional income West Sumbawa regency in 2006-2012. This is indicated by the value of the contributions made by the variable royalty PT NNT to the regional income Sumbawa district from 2006 amounted to 21.70%, in 2007 13.69 decreased in 2008 decreased 1.05 percent from the year 2008 amounted to 12.64 percent , Then in 2009 the contribution of royalty PT NNT rose 13.78 percent and in 2010, 2011 and 2012 contributions amounting to 11.56 percent and 08.16 percent. The conclusion from this study is that the variable royalty PT Newmont Nusa Tenggara has contributed greatly to the increase of regional income West Sumbawa regency during 2006-2012.
Adakah Pengaruh Pertumbuhan Ekonomi terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah?
Authors: Fadli Faishal
Published: March 2017

The implementation of regional autonomy resulted in each region to be able to manage their finances independently. This is one way the central government to remove the dependency of local governments to the central government. Thus requiring local governments to explore the sources of local revenue in order to finance regional development. In an effort to increase local revenues derived from the PAD is determined by economic factors or economic potential which has the prospect to be developed for each area. While the economic progress of a region heavily dependent on the development efforts undertaken by the government in providing public facilities to support economic activity. so it needs to be studied further economic growth in East Java, which increased from year to year, is also accompanied by an increase in revenue (PAD) as one source of income in financing regional development. The result indicates the role of the revenue (PAD) in the Regional Budget (APBD) of East Java Province indicates that there is still very small, with an average of 15.47% of the total revenue budget. This means that the level of dependence of local governments on the central government is still high. Although the results of regional revenue projections indicate that component has been great in their contribution of the reception area, which amounted to 69.52%. Using the ordinary least squre method, the result of regression correlation are insignificant. This means that the regional gross domestic product does not have an effect on revenue of East Java Province. If an increase or decrease in regional gross domestic product will not increase or decrease revenue amount. This means that there is no significant relationship between economic growths towards the reception of the revenue.

 

Keywords: economic growth, revenues (PAD), Regional Budget (APBD), Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
ANALISIS PENYERAPAN TENAGA KERJA SEKTOR INDUSTRI DI PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Rochmani Tanti Siti , Purwaningsih Yunastiti , Suryantoro Agustinus
Published: March 2017

The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors affecting employment in the industrial sector of Central Java province. Research backdrop that aspects of employment is a fundamental aspect in the economy. The economy is growing through the process of industrialization, should be able to absorb a lot of labor. With more and more workers absorbed there will be an increase in welfare of the population. This study is an analysis of secondary data such as time series data for 2010-2014. The analysis technique used is the panel data regression. The results showed the rate of economic growth and the minimum wage Regency / City positive effect on employment, while the number of industrial business unit does not affect the employment of industrial sector in the province of Central Java.

 

Keywords: employment, economic growth, minimum wage, industry, Central Java
ANALISIS KETIMPANGAN PENDAPATAN DAN IDENTIFIKASI SEKTOR BASIS ANTAR KECAMATAN DI KABUPATEN WONOGIRI TAHUN 2010-2014
Authors: Pamrihnan Alit , Cahyadin Malik
Published: March 2017

This study aims to determine the level of inequality and base economic of Wonogiri Districts in 2010-2014. This study uses secondary data involve Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) at Constant Price of 2000, GRDP per capita, Population and Economic Growth. The analytical method uses analysis of Williamson Index, Theil Entropy Index, Static Location Quotient (SLQ) and Dynamic Location Quotient (DLQ).

Research results show that the Williamson Index of Wonogiri District tends to decrease, the higest level of income inequality happened in the Wonogiri Subdistric and the lowest level of income inequality happened in the Eromoko Subdistric. Entropy Theil index shows that inequality between subdistrict in Wonogiri District tends to decrease. Karangtengah Subdistrict has the higest income inequality while the lowest inequality is the Purwatoro Subdistrict. The Composite of LQ (SLQ dan DLQ) shows that the Agricultural Sector; Electricity, Gas and Water; Trade and Communication became base sector.

Suggestions from this study cover the government of Wonogiri District is expected to improve infrastructures such as road, bridge, irrigation canal, and communication network. In addition, the Government of Wonogiri District should develop the potency of economy in each of subdistricts.

 

Keywords: Income Inequality, Base Sector, Non Base Sector

JEL: R11, R12
Pengembangan Sistem Ketahanan Pangan dalam Kerangka Penghapusan Kemiskinan
Authors: Mafruhah Izza -
Published: March 2017

Food security is created when we consider the four food security subsystems. Subsystem includes the production, import-export subsystem, subsystem distribution, and consumption subsystems. Food policy must be viewed holistically four subsystems. The subsystem development can not be done partially, a system will work well if all the elements in the system is working properly. Irregularities one element or subsystem will cause the fragility of the system, which in turn led to the collapse of the system as a whole.
Impact of Technology on Consumer Behaviour
Authors: Jose Julie
Published: March 2017

With the emergence of technological development, companies have to change its outlook towards consumers. We can’t compare the situation today with 10 or 15 years back. Connecting consumer is now easier than before. With the invent of more devices like iPod, tablets etc. helped both the seller and the buyer to make their goals come true very soon. With the arrival of new devices the old one becomes obsolete and people have to adjust with new one created some burden on the users. Still these devices improved the standard of living of the people to a great extend.
Evaluating Hybrid Bermudagrass Using Spectral Reflectance under Different Mowing Heights and Trinexapac-ethyl Applications
Authors: Sullivan Dana , Zhang Jing , Kowalewski Alexander R. , Peake Jason B. , Anderson William F. , Waltz F. Clint , Schwartz Brian M.
Published: March 2017

Quantitative spectral reflectance data have the potential to improve the evaluation of turfgrasses in variety trials when management practices are factors in the testing of turf aesthetics and functionality. However, the practical application of this methodology has not been well developed. The objectives of this research were 1) to establish a relationship between spectral reflectance and turfgrass quality (TQ) and percent green cover (PGC) using selected reference plots; 2) to compare aesthetic performance (TQ, PGC, and vegetation indices) and functional performance (surface firmness); and 3) to evaluate lignin content as an alternate means to predict surface firmness in turfgrass variety trials of hybrid bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon × C. transvaalensis]. A field study was conducted on mature stands of three varieties (‘TifTuf’, ‘TifSport’, and ‘Tifway’) and two experimental lines (04-47 and 04-76) at two mowing heights (0.5 and 1.5 inch) and trinexapac-ethyl application (0.15 kg·ha−1 and nontreated control) treatments. Aesthetic performance was estimated by vegetation indices, spectral reflectance, visual TQ, and PGC. The functional performance of each variety/line was measured through surface firmness and fiber analysis. Regression analyses were similar when using only reference plots or all the plots to determine the relationship between individual aesthetic characteristics. Experimental line 04-47 had lower density in Apr. 2010, whereas varieties ‘TifTuf’, ‘TifSport’, and ‘Tifway’ were in the top statistical group for aesthetic performance when differences were found. ‘TifSport’ and ‘Tifway’ produced the firmest surfaces, followed by ‘TifTuf’, and finally 04-76 and 04-47, which provided the least firm surface. Results of leaf fiber analysis were not correlated with turf surface firmness. This study indicates that incorporating quantitative measures of spectral reflectance could reduce time and improve precision of data collection as long as reference plots with adequate range of green cover are present in the trials.
Not-from-concentrate Blueberry Juice Extraction Utilizing Frozen Fruit, Heated Mash, and Enzyme Processes
Authors: Stein-Chisholm Rebecca E. , Finley John W. , Losso Jack N. , Beaulieu John C.
Published: March 2017

Juice production is a multibillion dollar industry and an economical way to use fruit past seasonal harvests. To evaluate how production steps influence not-from-concentrate (NFC) blueberry (Vaccinium sp.) juice recovery, bench top and pilot scale experiments were performed. In bench-top, southern highbush (SHB) blueberry (Vaccinium darrowii × Vaccinium corymbosum) and rabbiteye blueberry (RAB) (Vaccinium ashei) were pressed at varying temperatures. Press treatments included ambient temperature, frozen then thawed, and frozen then heated berries. In addition, two commercial pectinase enzymes were evaluated. Three batches were pressed and average juice recovery was calculated. The highest average free juice recovery (68.8% ± 1.1%) was attained by heating frozen berries and treating with enzyme. Comparing berry species pressed, SHB blueberries produced significantly more juice than RABs. There were no significant differences between enzymes used between berry species. Using this preliminary data, the optimum juice recovery method was then transferred to pilot scale processing. RABs were heated and treated with enzyme then pressed. Free juice recovery from the pilot scale was 74.0% ± 1.0%. Total juice recovery was calculated to be 87% ± 0.6%. With this information, further refinement of juice processes could increase juice production output for small-scale producers and expand local outlets for growers to market their crops as well as create new opportunities for growth in the fresh juice market segment.
Nondestructive Apple Ripening Stage Determination Using the Delta Absorbance Meter at Harvest and after Storage
Authors: Cocetta Giacomo , Beghi Roberto , Mignani Ilaria , Spinardi Anna
Published: March 2017

The delta absorbance (DA) meter is a handheld instrument which noninvasively measures the chlorophyll content in fruits. In the present work, it was used to monitor the ripening process linked to the climacteric phase in apple (Malus ×domestica). The results [index of absorbance difference (IAD)] were correlated to quality attributes at harvest and after commercial scale storage at different conditions. Two cultivars (Red Delicious, Golden Delicious) were analyzed in two different seasons, whereas Morgenduft and Gala were analyzed only in the first and second seasons, respectively. In general, a linear reduction of the IAD values was observed in all apple cultivars along with the progression of ripening and ethylene biosynthesis. When ethylene production was inhibited by 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment, the decrease of IAD values was markedly reduced. IAD threshold values for each cultivar were identified, delineating the central phase of the ethylene climacteric rise. Predictive models were built by correlating IAD index to the soluble solids concentration (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), and firmness measured at harvest and after removal from different storage regimes. The best model was developed for SSC prediction on ‘Red Delicious’ apple [ratio performance deviation (RPD) = 1.88] and for firmess evaluation in ‘Golden Delicious’ apple (RPD = 1.84). Moreover, IAD values were consistently associated with the differences in fruit quality as affected by optimal and suboptimal storage conditions. The IAD, due to its acceptable accuracy and speed of assessment, can be a promising tool for assisting in sorting apples before and after storage in warehouses or commercial packing lines. IAD cannot totally replace standard ripening indices, but can effectively supplement data for these parameters.
Temperature Impacts Cactus and Succulent Development Rate
Authors: Erwin John , Altman Ken , Esqueda Fran
Published: March 2017

One cactus and 17 succulent species/cultivars were grown at 10, 16, 22, or 28 °C (plant temperature) for 10 or 15 weeks. The change in leaf/tubercle number at each temperature (after 10 or 15 weeks) was determined, and leaf/tubercle-unfolding rate was calculated. ‘Jade Necklace’ kebab bush (Crassula rupestris ssp. marnieriana), ‘Lola’ echeveria (Echeveria), ‘Green Ice’ gasteraloe (Gasteraloe), and lithops (Lithops species) leaf-unfolding rate per day was unaffected by temperature. Leaf-unfolding rate per day increased as temperature increased from 10 to 16 °C on ‘Firebird’ aloe (Aloe), ‘Key Lime Pie’ adromischus (Adromischus cristatus), prostate rainbow bush (Portulacaria afra variegata), burro’s tail (Sedum burrito), and ‘Sir William Lawrence’ houseleek (Sempervivum calcareum). Leaf-unfolding rate per day increased as temperature increased from 10 to 22 °C on mescal agave (Agave parryi truncata), ‘Firebird’ aloe, Sunrise anacampseros (Anacampseros telephiastrum variegata), ponytail palm (Beaucarnea recurvata), subsessilis echeveria (Echeveria subsessilis), zebra plant (Haworthia fasciata), prostrate rainbow bush, burro’s tail and ‘Sir William Lawrence’ houseleek. Increasing temperature from 22 to 28 °C decreased ‘Kiwi’ tree houseleek (Aeonium percarneum) leaf-unfolding rate per day, increased ‘Firebird’ aloe and tiger tooth aloe (Aloe juvenna) leaf-unfolding rate, and resulted in shoot tip death on burro’s tail, and plant death of ‘Sir William Lawrence’ houseleek and ‘Silver Dollar’ jade (Crassula arborescens). The cactus, ‘Arizona Snowcap’ mammillaria (Mammillaria gracilis fragilis), tubercle-unfolding rate per day increased as temperature increased from 16 to 28 °C. Taken together, temperature (10 to 28 °C) effects on development rate were species specific and related to the indigenous environment of a species.
Low Genetic Differentiation and Evidence of Gene Flow among Barley Landrace Populations in Tunisia
Authors: Ben Romdhane Mériam , Riahi Leila , Selmi Ayet , Jardak Rahma , Bouajila Aida , Ghorbel Abdelwahed , Zoghlami Nejia
Published: March 2017

Tunisian barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) landraces, representing the oldest cultivated accessions, are growing in scattered populations across drought‐ and salt‐stressed environments and constitute a precious reservoir of potentially useful traits for breeding programs. The objective of this study was to elucidate genetic diversity and population structure of barley landraces across the landscape of Tunisia. Populations from 11 geographic zones were genotyped using 21 nuclear microsatellites. A high level of genetic polymorphism with 170 detected alleles was recorded among the studied genotypes. The average allelic richness was 8.095 alleles per locus. The index of genetic diversity (He) showed an average of 0.741. Genetic diversity was very high within populations, whereas differences among populations were difficult to detect. Only 0.15% of the DNA variation was apportioned among landraces (P < 0.001), whereas 99.85% of the DNA variation was maintained within these landraces. A high gene flow (Nm) was revealed among the investigated populations, which has been facilitated by exchange of barley seeds between Tunisian cereal farmers of different regions. Genetic diversity within Tunisian barley landrace germplasms may help to maintain adaptation to a broad range of environmental conditions and provide genetically diverse resources for barley breeders. Both ex situ (seed banks) and in situ (on‐farm) conservation strategies may be required to maintain barley landrace genetic resources.
Applying Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function Theory to Turfgrass Management
Authors: Thompson Grant L. , Kao‐Kniffin Jenny
Published: March 2017

In the United States, there is a growing need for turfgrass management practices that protect community and environmental health. The proportion of the developed landscape in the United States covered by turfgrass is significant and, at present, covers at least 1.9% of the total land area and comprises 60% in parts of the country. As urbanization progresses, there is a critical need to re‐examine turf management practices that reduce reliance on pesticide and fertilizer inputs while contributing additional beneficial ecosystem services. In this review, we discuss the functional role of turfgrass in urban ecosystems. We identify key urban ecosystem processes associated with turfgrass and evaluate the potential to integrate biodiversity into their design and management. Specifically, we summarize research on the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function theory that shows enhanced C storage, N retention, and weed suppression in natural and managed ecosystems, which are traits that are relevant to turfgrass systems. Enhancing biodiversity in turfgrass systems could increase ecosystem services in urban landscapes and should be considered a component of sustainable management practices.
Government Initiatives to Empower Small and Medium Enterprise: Comparing One Stop Shop for Licensing in Indonesia and Australia
Authors: Bhinekawati Risa
Published: March 2017

This article analyzes the initiatives taken by both Indonesian and Australian governments in undertaking bureaucratic reform to support small and medium enterprises.  The focus is on how government harmonizes bureaucracy and regulations to empower small medium enterprise in starting, operating, and growing their business.   One of the key initiatives in the two countries is to streamline business regulations and licensing through a single portal so called “one stop shop for licensing”.  Both Indonesia and Australia have started such initiatives almost at the same time, in 2006 and 2008 respectively. Until recently, the two countries have made important progresses but with different approaches.  In Indonesia, the objective of the one stop shop is to provide easiness for companies to start the business; while in Australia, the purpose is broader and more comprehensive, which is to achieve “seamless Australian economy”.  This study was conducted in Canberra and Queanbeyan, Australia.  The research has found important key lessons from Australia that may be applicable to Indonesia in establishing mechanisms for government initiatives to better support small and medium enterprise through a single portal or one stop shop for licensing.
Cybersecurity Policy and Its Implementation in Indonesia
Authors: Rizal Muhamad , Yani Yanyan
Published: March 2017

The purpose of state defense is to protect and to save the integrity of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia, the sovereignty of the state, as well as its security from all kinds of threats, whether they are military or non-military ones. One of the non-military threats that potentially threatens the sovereignty and security of the nation-state is the misuse of technology and information in cyberspace. The threat of irresponsible cyber attacks can be initiated by both state and non-state actors. The actors may be an individual, a group of people, a faction, an organization, or even a country. Therefore, the government needs to anticipate cyber threats by formulating cyber security strategies and determining comprehensive steps to defend against cyber attacks; its types and the scale of counter-measures, as well as devising the rules of law.
The role of intracoronary imaging in acute coronary syndromes: OCT in focus
Authors: Samir Ahmad , ElGuindy Ahmed
Published: March 2017

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has emerged as a powerful intravascular imaging modality in recent years. The introduction of frequency-domain OCT has simplified the procedure and enabled its safe utilisation in different clinical settings including acute coronary syndromes, where it can determine the mechanism of plaque disruption, thrombus burden, and guide percutaneous coronary intervention. In patients presenting with stent failure (stent thrombosis and instent restenosis), OCT can also be very useful in determining the underlying mechanism and guiding therapy thereafter. This article aims to review the role of OCT in acute coronary syndromes as well as its potential clinical applications.
Evaluation of chlorine decay models under transient conditions in a water distribution system
Authors: Kim Hyunjun , Kim Sanghyun
Published: March 2017

Residual chlorine concentration decreases along distribution networks because of factors such as water quality, physical properties of the pipeline, and hydraulic conditions. Hydraulic conditions are primarily governed by transient events generated by valve modulation or pumping action. We investigate the impact of transient events on the rate of chlorine decay under various flow conditions. To comprehensively compare the performance of existing chlorine models, 14 candidate models for chlorine concentration were used under various transient conditions. Two-dimensional (2D) transient flow analysis was conducted to investigate the unknown processes of chlorine decay under transient conditions. General formulations for modeling chlorine decay were used to comprehensively study the decay under unsteady conditions and to effectively incorporate the impact of transients into generic model structures. The chlorine decay patterns in the constructed water distribution system were analyzed in the context of transient events. Linear relationships between the model parameters and the frequency of transient events were determined under unsteady conditions, and the impact of turbulence intensity was successfully incorporated into model parameter evaluations. The modeling results from 2D transient analysis exhibit similar predictability as those obtained from calibration using the genetic algorithm.
PERCEPÇÃO DE INDÍGENAS MUNDURUKU E EQUIPE MULTIDISCIPLINAR DE SAÚDE INDÍGENA SOBRE RESOLUTIVIDADE NA ATENÇÃO À SAÚDE
Authors: Furtado Bahiyyeh Ahmadpour , Neto David Lopes , Scopel Daniel , Dias-Scopel Raquel Paiva
Published: March 2017

Objetivo: compreender as percepções de indígenas da etnia Munduruku e de profissionais da Equipe Multidisciplinar de Saúde Indígena sobre a resolutividade no Pólo-base Kwatá, Terra Indígena Kwatá Laranjal, localizada no município de Borba, estado do Amazonas, Brasil. Metodologia: os dados foram coletados por meio de observação participante, entrevistas e análise documental. O trabalho de campo foi realizado entre agosto e outubro de 2015. Resultados: os achados mostraram que usuários e profissionais perceberam deficiências na resolução dos problemas de saúde e identificaram obstáculos para a efetivação da Política Nacional de Atenção à Saúde dos Povos Indígenas. Conclusão: a resolutividade foi compreendida como a junção de diferentes práticas tradicionais somadas às práticas integrativas e complementares, com garantia da preservação da cultura indígena no processo de cuidar.Descritores: Resolução de Problemas; Serviços de Saúde; Saúde de Populações Indígenas.PERCEPTION OF MUNDURUKU INDIGENOUS AND MULTIDISCIPLINARY TEAM OF INDIGENOUS HEALTH ABOUT RESOLUTENESS IN HEALTH CAREObjective: This study aimed to understand the perceptions of Munduruku indigenous and multidisciplinary team of indigenous health on the resoluteness in Kwatá, Indigenous Land Kwatá Laranjal, located in the municipality of Borba, Amazonas state, Brazil. Data were collected through participant observation, interviews and document analysis. The field work was conducted between august and october 2015. The results showed that users and professionals perceive shortcomings in resoluteness health problems and identified obstacles to the realization of brazilian policy health care of indigenous peoples.Descriptors: Problem Solving; Health Service; Health of Indigenous Peoples.PERCEPCIÓN DE INDÍGENA MUNDURUKU Y EQUIPO MULTIDISCIPLINARIO DE SALUD INDÍGENA SOBRE LA RESOLUCIÓN EN LA ATENCIÓN EN SALUD: OBSTÁCULOS Y DESAFÍOSObjetivo: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo comprender las percepciones de equipo multidisciplinario indígenas Munduruku étnica y profesional de la salud indígena en la solución de problemas de Kwatá, tierra indígena Kwata-Laranjal, ubicado en el municipio de Borba, estado de Amazonas, Brasil. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de la observación participante, entrevistas y análisis de documentos. El trabajo de campo se realizó entre agosto y octubre de 2015. Los resultados mostraron que los usuarios y los profesionales perciben deficiencias en la solución de los problemas de salud y los obstáculos identificados para la realización de la Política Nacional para el Cuidado de la Salud de los Pueblos Indígenas.Descriptores: Solución de problemas; Servicios de Salud; Salud de Poblaciones Indígenas.
AMÁLIA - UM GIGANTE DA ENFERMAGEM BRASILEIRA
Authors: Oguisso Taka
Published: March 2017

Objetivo: descreve a vida profissional de Amália Correa de Carvalho, pioneira da enfermagem brasileira, aluna de Edith de Magalhães Fraenkel, de quem soube absorver a força do idealismo, a grande tenacidade e o enorme talento e capacidade de trabalho. Foi presidente das duas entidades maiores da enfermagem brasileira: a ABEn e o Cofen. A sede própria da ABEn, em Brasília, foi fundamentalmente construída em sua gestão de quatro anos, e no Cofen, nas duas gestões iniciais desse órgão, participou da implantação do órgão federal e da instalação dos regionais, assim como da elaboração do Código de Deontologia de Enfermagem. Soube com perspicácia conduzir os destinos da profissão. Que seu exemplo de vida ativa e generosa possa inspirar as novas gerações de profissionais da enfermagem.Descritores: História da Enfermagem; História; BiografiaAMALIA - A BRAZILIAN NURSING GIANTObjective: It describes the professional life of Amalia Corrêa de Carvalho, a Brazilian Nursing Pioneer, Ms Edith Magalhaes Fraenkel’s student from whom she knew how to absorb the strength of the idealism, the tenacity, and the enormous talent and work capacity. She was president of the two greatest institutions of the Brazilian nursing: the ABEn (Brazilian Nursing Association) and the Cofen (Federal Council of Nursing). The ABEn’s headquarters in Brasilia was mainly built up during her four–year mandate; and at the Cofen, during her two first mandates, she participated in the implementation of this federal organization and the installation of its regional offices, as well as the drawing up of the Nursing Deontology Code. She knew through her perspicacity how to conduct the profession destiny. It is expected that her example of active and generous life may inspire the new generations of nursing professionals.Descriptors: History of nursing; History; Biograph.UN GIGANTE DE LA ENFERMERÍAObjetivo: Se describe la vida professional de Amalia Correa de Carvalho, pionera de la enfermería brasileña, estudiante de Edith de Magalhães Fraenkel, de quien supe absorber la fuerza del idealismo, la gran tenacidad y el enorme talento y capacidad de trabajo. Fue presidenta de las dos entidades mayores de la Enfermería Brasileña: la ABEn (Asociación Brasileña de Enfermería) y del Cofen (Consejo Federal de Enfermería). La sede propia de ABEn, en Brasilia, fue fundamentalmente construida en su gestión de 4 años, y en el Cofen, en las dos gestiones iniciales de ese órgano, ha participado en la implantación del órgano federal y de la instalación de los regionales, así como de la elaboración del Codigo de Deontología de la Enfermería. Supo con perspicacia conducir los destinos de la profesión. Que su ejemplo de vida activa y generosa pueda inspirar las nuevas generaciones de profesionales de enfermería.Descriptores: Historia de la enfermería; historia; Biografia.
Development of a Radiolabeled Amlodipine Analog for L-type Calcium Channel Imaging
Authors: Firouzyar Tahereh , Jalilian Amir Reza , Aboudzadeh Mohammad Reza , Sadeghpour Hossein , Pooladi Mehrban , Shafiee-Ardestani Mahdi , Khalaj Ali
Published: March 2017

Purpose: The non-invasive imaging and quantification of L-type calcium channels (also
known as dihydropyridine channels) in living tissues is of great interest in diagnosis of congestive
heart failure, myocardial hypertrophy, irritable bowel syndrome etc.

Methods: Technetium-99m labeled amlodipine conjugate ([99mTc]-DTPA-AMLO) was prepared
starting freshly eluted (<1 h) 99mTechnetium pertechnetate (86.5 MBq) and conjugated DTPAAMLO
at pH 5 in 30 min at room temperature in high radiochemical purity (>99%, RTLC; specific
activity: 55-60 GBq/mmol). The calcium channel blockade activity (CCBA) and apoptosis/necrosis
assay of DTPA-amlodipine conjugate evaluations were performed for the conjugate. Log P, stability,
bio-distribution and imaging studies were performed for the tracer followed by biodistribution studies
as well as imaging.

Results: The conjugate demonstrated low toxicity on MCF-7 cells and CCBA (at µm level) compared
to the amlodipine. The tracer was stable up to 4 h in final production and presence of human
serum and log P (-0.49) was consistent with a water soluble complex. The tracer was excreted
through kidneys and liver as expected for dihydropyridines; excluding excretory organs, calcium
channel rich smooth muscle cells; including colon, intestine and lungs which demonstrated significant
uptake. SPECT images supported the bio-distribution data up to 4 h.

Conclusion: significant uptake of [99mTc]-DTPA-AMLO was obtained in calcium channel rich organs.
The complex can be a candidate for further SPECT imaging for L-type calcium channels.
Penyuluhan Dan Pelatihan Teknologi Pemanfaatan Tanaman Obat Berbasis Kearifan Dan Sumber Daya Alam Lokal Untuk Perbaikan Tingkat Kesehatan Masyarakat Desa Karangsari Wedomartani Sleman
Authors: Handayani Sri , Atun Sri , Aznam Nurfina , Budiasih Kun Sri
Published: March 2017

Program Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan penyuluhan dan pelatihan teknologi pemanfaatan tanaman obat berbasis kearifan dan sumber daya alam lokal untuk perbaikan tingkat kesehatan masyarakat desa karangsari wedomartani Sleman. Pada akhirnya kegiatan ini akan memberikan wawasan, pengetahuan, kemampuan, dan keterampilan kepada warga terutama para remaja dan  ibu –ibu dalam memanfaatkan bahan alam di lingkungan sekitar sebagai minuman kesehatan. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 7 Agustus 2016 dengan peserta kegiatan adalah remaja dan ibu-ibu PKK desa Wedomartani Sleman. Kegiatan ini diawali dengan analisis permasalahan di lapangan, diikuti oleh persiapan rancangan  pelaksanaan program, pelatihan dan sosialisasi program yang dilengkapi alat dan bahan serta sarana dan prasarana penunjang kegiatan. Kegiatan diakhiri dengan sosialisasi serta pengarahan pembuatan minuman kesehatan berbasis sumber daya alam local.Hasil kegiatan ini menunjukkan bahwa 100% para peserta pelatihan merasakan bahwa kegiatan ini bermanfaat dan memiliki kemauan yang kuat untuk belajar hal baru. Dengan pelatihan yang berkelanjutan,diharapkan peserta memiliki pengetahuan dan keterampilan yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup bahkan menunjang kebutuhan ekonomi. Kata kunci: Tanaman obat, sumber daya alam local
Karakterisasi Bakteri Asam Laktat Amilolitik dari Industri Pengolahan Pati Sagu
Authors: Yusmarini Yusmarini , Pato Usman , Johan Vonny Setiaries , Ali Akhyar , Kusumaningrum Kusumaningrum
Published: March 2017

Amylolytic lactic acid bacteria are a group of bacteria that are capable to use starch as the carbon source. The objectives of this research were to characterize, and identify the lactic acid bacteria from sago starch processing industry, which might be used to modify the sago starch. There were 39 isolates isolated from sago processing industry, and 36 of them were presumed as lactic acid bacteria. From 36 isolates suspected as lactic acid bacteria, 9 of them had amylolytic properties. Morphological identification results show that the 9 isolates were l Gram-positive bacteria, negative catalase, rod shape, and 5 isolates produced gas, while 4 isolates did not produce gas. The ability to produce amylase varied among isolates and isolate RN2.12112 had the higher amylolytic ability than others. Results show that the nine isolates identified as lactic acid bacteria were dominated by Lactobacillus plantarum 1. ABSTRAKBakteri asam laktat (BAL) yang bersifat amilolitik adalah bakteri asam laktat yang mampu memanfaatkan pati sebagai substratnya. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengkarakterisasi sifat amilolitik dan mengidentifikasi bakteri asam laktat yang mempunyai kemampuan amilolitik untuk memodifikasi pati sagu. Hasil penelitian memperoleh 39 isolat dari industri pengolahan sagu dan 36 diantaranya diduga sebagai bakteri asam laktat. Sembilan dari 36 isolat yang diduga bakteri asam laktat mempunyai sifat amilolitik. Sembilan isolat yang bersifat amilolitik selanjutnya diidentifikasi secara morfologi yang meliputi pewarnaan Gram, bentuk sel, uji katalase, dan uji kemampuan fermentasi. Hasil identifikasi secara morfologi menunjukkan bahwa kesembilan isolat termasuk kelompok bakteri Gram positif, katalase negatif, bentuk basil, dan lima isolat menghasilkan gas sedangkan empat isolat tidak menghasilkan gas. Kemampuan isolat untuk menghasilkan amilase bervariasi dan isolat RN2.12112 mempunyai kemampuan amilolitik lebih tinggi dibanding isolat lainnya. Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan bahwa dari sembilan isolat yang diidentifikasi didominasi oleh Lactobacillus plantarum 1.
Comparative Evaluation of 25µg and 50µg of travaginal Misoprostol for Induction of Labor
Authors: Shrestha Buddhi Kumar , Jain Sushila , Maskey Roshi , Banu Hasena
Published: March 2017

Introduction: To compare the efficacy and safety of 25g vs. 50g of intravaginal (Posterior fornix) misoprostol for induction of labor in 100 patient from Jan 2012 to Dec 2012 at Lumbini Medical College.

 

Methods: One hundred pregnant lady requiring induction were randomly assigned to receive either 25 g (group A=50) or 50 g (group B=50) of intra vaginal misoprostol every 4 hrs till adequate contractions were achieved or maximum dose of 150 g was used.

 

Results: The onset of contraction was earlier in group B in 34 cases as compared to group A, where only 25 cases had earlier contraction ( P> 0.05). 38 cases (76%) in Group B and 35 cases (70%) in Group A delivered vaginally. Induction to delivery interval was shorter(<12hrs) in group B in 15 cases and in 10 cases in group A. Mean dose of Misoprostol (94micrograms) for successful induction in group B was high compared to Group A (75.5 microgram). Requirement for oxytocin infusion was higher in group A, 26% vs. 15%. Abnormal contractility pattern was seen in B group 24% cases compared to 14% cases in Group A. APGAR score < 7 at 1 min was seen in 26% neonates in Group B and in only 10% neonates in Group A. Ruptured uterus did not occur in any group.

 

Conclusion: 50 g dose of misoprostol is more efficacious than 25 g dose as seen in our study. However it appears to be less safe both for mother and baby due to the high incidence of tachysystole, hyperstimulation and intrauterine passage of meconium.
A Survey on Image Segmentation Methods using Clustering Techniques
Authors: Dhanachandra Nameirakpam , Chanu Yambem Jina
Published: March 2017

Image segmentation has been considered as the first step in the image processing. An efficient segmentation result would make it easier for further analysis of image processing. However, there exits many algorithms and approaches for image segmentation. Clustering is one of the commonly used image segmentation techniques. In this paper, we have briefly describe some of the clustering techniques and discuss some of the recent works by researchers on these techniques.
Thermodynamic Evaluation of PTC based Organic Rankine Cycle for Power & Cooling
Authors: Gupta Devendra Kumar , Kumar Rajesh , Kumar Naveen
Published: March 2017

The paper focuses on thermodynamic evaluation (first and second law) for PTC based organic Rankine cycle with single ejector (EORC) and organic Rankine cycle with double ejector (DEORC) using refrigerant R141b as working fluid and Therminol VP1 as heat transfer fluid. Thermal energy storage tanks are used to store the PTC heat, which provides the continuous net power output and cooling during insufficient solar radiation. The thermodynamic evaluation is carried out to evaluate the performance of PTC field based EORC & DEORC system which produces power and cooling simultaneously. Parametric analyses of EORC and DEORC show that inlet temperature and pressure of turbine at various extraction ratio has the significant effect on first & second law efficiency and cooling to power ratio of this system. It is also found that, annual average energy output of EORC and DEORC is 4710.57 MWh and 5104.97 MWh respectively while annual average exergy output of EORC and DEORC is 3893.86 MWh and 3436.27 MWh respectively.
AKTIVITAS BERSAMA ORANG TUA-ANAK DAN PERLINDUNGAN ANAK MENINGKATKAN KESEJAHTERAAN SUBJEKTIF ANAK
Authors: Irzalinda Vivi , Puspitawati Herien , Muflikhati Istiqlaliyah
Published: March 2017

In achieving better child well-being, international and Indonesia have agreed to increase efforts in the protection of children, including increasing the capacity of parents to perform better parenting. Time-shared activities among parent and children are important factor to create qualified parenting. The purpose of this study was to analyze the time-shared activities among parents-children and child protection in the family and its influence on children’s subjective well-being. This study was a cross-sectional design. Study sites were selectedpurposively at Ciputri Village, Pacet Sub District; and Sindang Jaya Village, Cipanas Sub District, Cianjur DistrictWest Java Province. One hundred and twenty families were purposively chosen among farmer families. Findingsshowed that the time-shared activities among parents-children were categorized as in low level. Child protection in physical aspect was in the low category but the environmental protection of child was in high category. Children’s subjective well-being was in the high category. Independent variables that influenced the children’s subjective well-being were time-shared activities among parents-children and physical protection. It was recommended to conduct socialization about the importance of child protection and time-shared activities amongparents-children on improving children’s subjective well-being among farmer families.