bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE IMPLICIT CONCEPTION OF MUSIC IN BOETHIUS' "DE CONSOLATIONE PHILOSOPHIAE"
Authors:   Tchaikovsky National Music Academy of Ukraine, Kahalo Alina
Published: October 2023

The paper is an attempt to demonstrate the possibility and necessity of an implicit conception of music in Boethius. An explicit conception is something that is obviously present in a text. That is what is usually studied within the 'history of ideas'. Contrary to this, an implicit conception is an unconscious picture of the author's world, in which the basic concepts of explicit conception are grounded. Therefore, the implicit conception is a condition for the possibility of any explicit text. So, the well-known text of Boethius' "De institutione musica", which but replicates mostly Pythagorean views of music, is an explicit conception. We chose "De consolatione philosophiae" as the most representative and semantically loaded text by Boethius to look for his implicit conception of music. It is based on different but unconscious grounds. We read this text to look for unconscious semantics associated with the concept. Thus, the unconscious semantics of music should be studied using the psychoanalytic approach in its broadest sense. The approach asks for the cues of connotations of the terms used by Boethius. The history of reception of the text, including different translations, can show the way. We should bear in mind, too, that the text we read is the record of an internal dialogue, which brings forth a different ontological horizon. Besides, we should see the text as a texture of signs and symptoms, pointing to unconscious notions Boethius had developed. The necessity of such an approach and the relevance of the results obtained within it are discussed in the article. The guidelines for the reconstruction of the implicit conception of music in Boethius are outlined and the elements of this conception are proposed. By further development of the method demonstrated and applied in this paper we shall be able not only to understand Boethius better, but we can reveal the intrinsic contents of the basic concepts describing the realities culture scholars are working with.
Territorial Public Self-Government in Municipal Entities of the Constituent Entities of the Siberian Federal District
Authors: Chekryga M. A.
Published: October 2023

Today, the issues of involving citizens in decision-making process of public authorities have become the main vector determining development of democratic countries of the world. Most of all, this trend is felt at the level of the power closest to the population — at the level of local self-government that often uses the institute of territorial public self-government (TPSG) in Russia. The paper defines the state of the legal institution under consideration in Russia using the Siberian Federal District as the case study. Based on the results of the analysis of legislation, the collected material on TPSG (concerning the number, forms of TPSG work, forms of interaction between TPSG and public authorities, etc.), identified TPSG‘s organizational and operational problems, the author concludes that in the state conditions have been created that promote TPSG formation. Consistent resolution of the tasks will allow us to move to a new level of engaging the population in participation in local government.
Paleoseismic Earthquake Recurrence Interval Derivation for the 2022 Revision of the New Zealand National Seismic Hazard Model
Authors: Coffey Genevieve L. , Rollins Chris , Van Dissen Russ J. , Rhoades David A. , Gerstenberger Matthew C. , Litchfield Nicola J. , Thingbaijam Kiran K. S.
Published: October 2023

Recurrence intervals of ground-surface rupturing earthquakes are one of numerous datasets used to constrain the rates of fault ruptures in the 2022 revision of the New Zealand National Seismic Hazard Model (NZ NSHM 2022). Paleoearthquake timing and single-event displacement (SED) data in the New Zealand Paleoseismic Site Database version 1.0 alongside geologic and geodetic slip rates from the New Zealand Community Fault Model version 1.0 and NZ NSHM 2022 Geodetic Deformation Model were used to estimate recurrence intervals on faults across New Zealand for inclusion in the NZ NSHM 2022. Past earthquake timings were fit with lognormal, exponential, and Brownian Passage Time recurrence models to derive probability density functions (PDFs) of mean recurrence interval (MRI) in a Bayesian framework. At some sites, SED and slip-rate (SR) data were used to estimate PDFs of MRI; and at sites where timings, slip rate, and displacement data are available, the timings-based and slip-based PDFs were combined to develop tighter constraints on MRI. Using these approaches, we produce a database of maximum-likelihood MRIs and their uncertainties for 80 sites across New Zealand. The resulting recurrence interval dataset is publicly available and is the largest such dataset in New Zealand to date. It provides a valuable resource for future seismic hazard modeling and highlights areas that would benefit from future study.
The Meaning of “Motus” in Aquinas’ First Way
Authors: Costa Gonçalo do Vale Sá da
Published: October 2023

The 20th Century was a rich period for Thomism. Many commentaries to the First Way were written. One of the many points of disagreement between Thomists was the actual meaning of “motion.” In this paper, I try to argue that one should take for “motion” the broad meaning of “motus” (as equivalent to “mutatio”). I do so by reviewing the position of various prominent Thomists of the last century, many of which have disagreed with this position. I make the case that Aristotle is not the best interpreter of the First Way, and similarly that other works by Aquinas should only be used when the Summa Theologiae itself is not clear enough—which is not the case.
Les vertus épistémiques de l’étonnement
Authors: Saucey Médéric
Published: October 2023

From the perspective of Analytical Thomism, we show that astonishment is a cognitive emotion by which we can inquire into the cause of the effects at which we are astonished. Like Descartes after him, Thomas Aquinas remarks, however, that not all astonishment is good. It is therefore up to consider the epistemic virtues by requested we will be able to live a legitimate astonishment. We distinguish three: one by intellectual attention which causes astonishment; on the other hand, the intellectual docility which directs it; and finally the intellectual benevolence which preserves it.
A Study on the Impact of Adjusting for Non-cohabiting Household Members on Income Inequality Measurements: Focusing on the Survey of Household Finances and Living Conditions
Authors:   center for social welfare research yonsei university, Lee Seungju
Published: October 2023

Since 2017, income inequality in South Korea has been measured using the Survey of Household Finances and Living Conditions. This survey combines income information gathered through surveys with highly reliable administrative data which include tax data from the National Tax Service and health insurance payment data from the National Health Insurance Service. Based on the Survey of Household Finances and Living Conditions, income inequality in South Korea has steadily decreased from 2017 to 2019. However, there are some who contend that income distribution has actually become more unequal during this same period. In light of these differing viewpoints, the purpose of this study is to examine whether the measure of income inequality derived from the Survey of Household Finances and Living Conditions accurately portrays the current income inequality situation in South Korea. The technical reports indicate that the survey considers a family of origin to include one-person households who move out for work or study. The issue here is that a relatively high percentage of these one-person households, especially young single adults, tend to have lower incomes and poorer living conditions. Therefore, this study aims to examine how the separation of these young one-person household members who live independently for work or study from their original households impacts the trends in income inequality from 2017 to 2019 as reported in the Survey of Household Finances and Living Conditions. The results reveal that when adjustments are made for one-person households, there are discernible differences in income inequality indices such as the Income quintile share ratio, Gini coefficient, and Palma ratio between the adjusted data and the original data. Further analysis of income inequality trends by age groups suggests that, after adjusting for non-cohabiting household members, the worsening income inequality among young adults in their twenties contributes to the differences observed in income inequality trends from 2017 to 2019 between the original data and the adjusted data.
Business Value of Digitization: Curse or Blessing?
Authors: Dekkati Sreekanth , Thaduri Upendar Rao , Lal Karu
Published: October 2023

Converting something from analog to digital form is called "digitization." Another name for this process is "digital enablement." To phrase it another way, digitization is converting an analog process into a digital form without making any changes to the analog process itself that are distinct. The research presents a concise history of digitization on a global scale, focusing on its influence on business research, the difficulties associated with assuring digital service quality, the contribution of digital transformation and mobilization to the scientific and business world, and evidence of the increasing importance placed on digital transformation.
Risk Factors Associated with Colistin-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Infection
Authors: Hae-Sun Chung  , Chorong Hahm  , Miae Lee
Published: October 2023

Acinetobacter baumannii is an important cause of healthcare-associated infections and is resistant to almost all antimicrobial agents, with strains recently reported to be resistant to colistin. In this study, we aimed to identify the risk factors associated with colistin-resistant A. baumannii infections by comparing colistin-resistant and -susceptible A. baumannii isolates. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 51 and 100 cases in which colistin-resistant and -susceptible A. baumannii were isolated, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that compared with patients with colistin-sensitive infections, patients with colistin-resistant A. baumannii infections had a combined pulmonary disease (P = 0.017), were admitted to intensive care unit (P = 0.020), and had prior mechanical ventilation (P = 0.003), tracheostomy (P = 0.043), percutaneous drainage (P = 0.070), hemodialysis (P = 0.002); use of colistin (P = 0.000), carbapenem (P = 0.000), and teicoplanin (P =0.004); and co-infection (P = 0.035). Multivariate analysis indicated that eight variables were related to the likelihood of colistin-resistant A. baumannii infections: use of teicoplanin (odds ratio [OR]: 3.140, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.529–18.650), prior hemodialysis (OR: 2.722, 95% CI: 0.851–8.709),combined pulmonary disease (OR: 2.286, 95% CI: 0.998–5.283), prior use of carbapenem (OR: 0.199, 95% CI: 0.863–5.603), co-infection (OR: 1.706, 95% CI: 0.746–3.898), prior mechanical ventilation (OR: 1.614, 95% CI, 0.684–3.809), intensive care unit admission (OR: 1.387, 95% CI: 0.560–3.435), and prior tracheostomy (OR: 1.102, 95% CI: 0.344–3.527); however, no statistical differences were observed. Although colistin use could not be proven in multivariate analysis, the possibility of being a risk factor cannot be ruled out.
Potential for Energy Efficiency Improvements to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Thailand’s Industrial Estates
Authors:   the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, Raksakulkarn Varoon , Wongsapai Wongkot , Daroon Sopit , Ritkrerkkrai Chaichan , Jaitiang Tassawan , Thepsaskul Waranya , Muangjai Phitsinee , Chaikwang Orapun
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the potential for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through the implementation of energy-efficient measures that involve the replacement of existing machinery and equipment with high-efficiency alternatives. The study’s scope encompassed all industrial factories situated within the Industrial Estate Authority of Thailand’s (IEAT) industrial estates. The study utilized data from the designated factory’s energy management report database, which included information regarding the machinery, equipment, and other relevant data pertinent to the research. The categorization of machinery and equipment systems could be done based on the type of energy consumed, which includes electricity and thermal energy. The potential for increasing energy efficiency could be evaluated for each of these energy systems. The study conducted an initial evaluation based on the available data from the designated factory database with regards to enhancing the efficiency of machinery and equipment. Subsequently, the scale-up concept was applied to evaluate the potential of energy efficiency enhancements for the entire industrial factory. The study findings revealed a total GHG reduction potential of 4.63 MtCO2e, with thermal energy measures accounting for 3.05 MtCO2e (65.83%) and electricity measures accounting for 1.58 MtCO2e (34.17%). Among the various measures, the implementation of insulating measures for thermal equipment in the furnace system showcased the most significant potential for GHG reduction, with a potential reduction of 2.26 MtCO2e, accounting for 48.73% of the total GHG reduction potential. Based on these findings, it can be inferred that a reduction of 1 MtCO2e in GHG emissions could potentially result in a corresponding reduction in energy costs amounting to approximately 8,449–8,889 million baht.
Using Instagram as Rate of Reaction Learning Media Based on PjBL to Increase Students’ Motivation and Creative Thinking Ability
Authors:   Chemistry Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, State University of Malang, Indonesia, Widarti Hayuni Retno , Yamtinah Sri , Mawardi  , Rokhim Deni Ainur , Syafruddin Afis Baghiz , Firdaus Zsa Zsa Salsabila
Published: October 2023

This study aims to determine the impact of learning with the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) integrated with Instagram social media in increasing learning motivation and students’ creative thinking abilities in chemical material reaction rate. The research was carried out using a quasi-experimental method. Sampling was taken using a random sampling technique involving two XI classes at State High School 1 Singosari, namely 29 students for the class of control and 33 students for the class of experiment. Data analysis used qualitative and quantitative descriptive tests with independent sample t-tests and N-Gain. Results of the qualitative analysis conducted, the increase in learning motivation in the experimental class (71%) was greater when compared to the control class (64%). The results of HA can be accepted refers on the independent t-test with a value of <0.05. The results of the study show, that the PjBL integrated with social media Instagram can improve students’ creative thinking skills and learning motivation in the matter of reaction rate. Percentage value of the N-gain test is 66.6% and is in the sufficient category to increase students’ creative thinking ability.
Adaptive Drum Kit Learning System: Impact on Students’ Learning Outcomes
Authors:   the Department of Theoretical and Applied Foundations of Information Sciences, University of Zagreb, Croatia, Konecki Mladen
Published: October 2023

Computer technology is increasingly integrated into various teaching and educational processes. The role of various educational tools and artificial intelligence in the educational process is becoming more and more significant for overall educational success. In this paper, a review of the scientific literature on the application of computer technology for music education is given, with an emphasis on learning to play musical instruments. It has been observed that for many created systems, proper evaluation was not conducted to determine the created systems’ effectiveness in achieving desired learning outcomes. An innovative part of this paper is a description of a new conceptual model of an adaptive system for self-paced learning to play musical instruments. A prototype of an adaptive drum kit learning system has been created based on the presented model. The main goal of this research was to determine the effectiveness of created prototype in achieving students’ learning outcomes. In the evaluation process, the use of created prototype was compared to other self-paced learning methods to learn how to play the drum kit. The obtained data were analyzed by ANOVA method, along with other appropriate statistical methods. The results of the research showed that the use of an adaptive drum kit learning system has a positive impact on achieving learning outcomes. The participants who learned to play using the created prototype were more precise in playing, played more accurate rhythmic patterns, and were rated with higher marks by an independent expert compared to the control groups. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that there is a potential for the application of computer technology in the process of learning to play musical instruments.
A Monitoring Infrastructure to Improve Flipped Learning in Technological Courses
Authors:   Computer Science Department, University of Oviedo, Spain. He is also with Munster Technological University, Cork, Ireland, Ortin Francisco , Quiroga Jose , Garcia Miguel
Published: October 2023

Flipped learning changes the traditional instructional approach of lectures. In flipped classrooms, the students work at home, while in-class sessions are used for other more interactive and active learning approaches guided by the lecturer. While flipped learning has shown many benefits, it is not easy to include remote students in face-to-face in-class sessions, and there is still reluctance from shy students to participate. In technological courses, classroom sessions in flipped learning require the installation of many software packages together with those tools commonly used by the students. Our objective is to improve these limitations in flipped learning by using an infrastructure implemented to deliver synchronous remote labs. Our study was conducted with 50 students of two different courses. Seven different sessions were delivered following a flipped-classroom approach. In the classroom, the participants used our infrastructure to discuss the different approaches, actively searching for the best solution as a group. Student satisfaction was measured with anonymous questionnaires. In their opinion, the infrastructure facilitates discussions, encourages them to participate and be more critical, and increases the quality of their work, skills, and learning process. They evaluated the system with 4.6 points out of 5.
An Automatic Recommendation Process to Generate Learning Paths Based on Learner Preferences
Authors:   LISAC, Faculty of Science Dhar-Mahraz, University of Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Morocco, Aberbach Hicham , Sabri Abdelouahed , Marappan Raja
Published: October 2023

In the last few years, recommendation systems have become very important and nowadays represent a huge opportunity for e-commerce, social networks and especially e-learning. In particular, it is a commercial tool that increases the revenue of companies, it facilitates the life of users by offering suitable products or services to all Internet users. Moreover, the interest of recommender systems in the context of learning, and in particular distance learning, is that they transform the normal learning system into a personalized learning system. In this paper, we present a new learning path recommendation system based on both the coefficients and scores we have assigned to each topic included in a learning path and on the scores assigned by learners to each topic, expressing their level of interest in a specific area. This system processes a set of input data that are composed on the one hand: parameters resulting from the profiles of the learners, these parameters are scores assigned by each user to each topic, and on the other hand, data related to the learning paths, which show the score or a coefficient that we have assigned to each subject included in the learning path. The objective of this work is to have a system that returns results in the form of appropriate recommendations to each learner who wishes to take courses on a given topic. The results obtained will allow us to have an overview of the preferences and characteristics of the learners in order to better guide them in their educational adventure in each learning path. In fact, this demonstrates the effectiveness and importance of our presented methodology.
The Development of Engineering Design Process on Web Application Learning Model to Enhance Web Programming Skills for Computer Education Students
Authors:   the Department of Computer Education, Nakhon Pathom Rajabhat University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand, Phumeechanya Noppadon , Soonthara Sumalee
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this research is to 1) develop an engineering design process on web application learning model to enhance web programming skills for Computer Education students; 2) develop a web application for use in the engineering design process-based learning model; 3) evaluate the students’ web programming skills; 4) compare students’ learning achievement before and after learning with the developed learning model; and 5) study the students’ satisfaction with the developed learning model. The research sample was 30 undergraduate students majoring in Computer Education at Nakhon Pathom Rajabhat University, obtained by cluster sampling. The research instruments consisted of 1) an engineering design process on web application learning model; 2) a web application; 3) a web programming skills assessment test; 4) a learning achievement test; and 5) a satisfaction assessment. The statistics used were mean, standard deviation, and t-test. The results showed that 1) the engineering design process on web application learning model has the highest level of appropriateness. 2) The quality of the web application used in the engineering design process-based learning model is at a very good level in content and technical aspects. 3) Students’ web programming skills are higher than the set criteria of 80%. 4) Students’ learning achievement after learning is higher than before with a statistical significance level of 0.05. 5) Students are satisfied with the learning model at the highest level.
Effectiveness of TPACK-Based Multimodal Digital Teaching Materials for Mathematical Critical Thinking Ability
Authors:   the Mathematics Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sorong, Indonesia, Setyo Arie Anang , Pomalato Sarson W. , Hulukati Evi P. , Machmud Tedy , Djafri Novianty
Published: October 2023

Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK)-based multimodal digital teaching materials need to be developed to maximize the implementation of learning in the era of technological and digital advances. This study is a pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design to analyze the effectiveness of learning by utilizing multimodal digital teaching materials for TPACK-based analytical geometry courses to improve mathematics critical thinking skills of fourth-semester students. The students were from the mathematics education study program at Universitas Muhammadiyah Sorong. Furthermore, the instrument used in collecting research data is a mathematical critical thinking skills test. The research data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and N-Gain. The results showed that implementing learning using multimodal digital teaching materials for analytical geometry courses with TPACK-based was quite effective. It increased mathematical critical thinking skills by 2.24 (56.11%), and the average N-Gain value was 0.62 (62%) which was included in the medium category.
The Relationship between Students’ Incremental Beliefs of Digital Intelligence and Behavioral Engagement in Learning Management System Courses
Authors:   the Department of Industrial Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taiwan, Nguyen Hoang Bao Ngoc , Lee Yi-Fang , Nguyen Thi Phuong Vy , Hung Hsin-Ling (Sonya)
Published: October 2023

While the Learning Management System (LMS) has been recognized as a key e-learning platform, there is no clear picture of the factors contributing to learners’ engagement in LMS courses in literature. This study aimed at exploring the relationship between students’ incremental beliefs of digital intelligence and behavioral engagement in LMS courses with achievement goal orientation as a mediator. The participants were 176 undergraduate students in a Vietnamese university. Implicit theory of intelligence and academic achievement goals theory were used to develop the research model. A Structural Equation Model (SEM) was applied to examine the relationship between students’ incremental beliefs of digital intelligence and the selected variables. Results showed that students’ incremental beliefs of digital intelligence were positively linked to four types of achievement goals: mastery-approach, mastery-avoidance, performance-approach, and performance-avoidance goals. Moreover, except for mastery-avoidance goals, the other three types were positively linked to behavioral engagement in LMS courses. The findings suggest that instructors’ encouragement can foster students’ incremental belief in digital intelligence and achievement goals. Furthermore, to promote students’ learning engagement, various approaches can be utilized to motivate students to appropriately combine different types of achievement goals.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Interactive Video Learning by Examining Machine Learning Classifiers Models: Graduate Students’ Perspectives
Authors:   Educational Technology Department, College of Education, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia, Alshehri Omar Abdullah Omar , Zayid Elrasheed Ismail Mohommoud , Sayaf Amer Mutrik
Published: October 2023

Important elements had an impact on how traditional learning was implemented and motivated researchers to develop Interactive Video Learning Effectiveness (IVL-E). These variables range from price to learning-environment to learner perspective, among others. This paper’s major objectives are to: (i) assess the effectiveness of Interactive Video Learning (IVL-E) using classification techniques and considering graduate students’ viewpoints, (ii) establish appropriate classification parameters to choose the optimum classifier model, and (iii) review prior works pertaining to IVL-E assessment. The study dataset is a sample of 63 datapoints randomly chosen by a survey performed at the College of Education, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia. A total of 123 registered postgraduate students made up the study population when using Google’s online questionnaire method, after all the respondents voluntarily agreed to fill out and submit the questionnaire. This study develops a reliable machine learning classifier’s model for classifying IVL-E. The created models use a backpropagation algorithm and are a type of multilayer classification perceptron. The best classification output was “interactive video learning performance measure”, which provided the highest results under: 1) support vector machine-based classifier (SVC), 2) decision tree (DT), and 3) light gradient-boosting machine classifier (lgb.LGBMClassifier). Regarding classification measures like balanced accuracy (high BCCR = 0.875), balanced error rate (low BER = 0.125), and optimization precision (highest OP = 0.999), our models performed extremely well according to the literature review.
Ecología trófica y consumo incidental de microplásticos en peces (Sciaenidae) y su relación con la dinámica ambiental en la bahía de Tumaco, Pacífico colombiano
Authors: Vivas-Sánchez José , Gamboa-García Diego , Duque Guillermo
Published: October 2023

La familia de peces Sciaenidae es importante para el comercio y la soberanía alimentaria de los habitantes de la bahía de Tumaco, en el Pacífico colombiano. Sin embargo, hay pocos estudios sobre sus hábitos tróficos en esta bahía. En ese contexto, en este estudio nos propusimos determinar la ecología trófica y la ingesta incidental de microplásticos en peces Sciaenidae, así como su relación con la dinámica ambiental en la bahía de Tumaco. Para ello se hicieron cuatros muestreos (2020-2021) con artes de pesca artesanales (anzuelo, changa, transmallo) y se capturaron 467 individuos para examinar el contenido estomacal de los peces. Los ítems alimentarios fueron pesados y clasificados. Se estimó para cada especie la preferencia de presa, la similitud y diferencias espaciotemporales en las dietas y la asociación entre la dieta y los factores ambientales. Se encontró que los crustáceos representaron un ítem alimentario de consumo constante (92 %) y de gran importancia (80 %) para la mayoría de las especies. Además, los mayores consumos de crustáceos se presentaron en la zona externa del estuario, asociada a una mayor salinidad, oxígeno disuelto y transparencia, lo que determina mayor abundancia y riqueza de este recurso. Por otro lado, se detectó la ingesta incidental de microplásticos en 30 ejemplares, pertenecientes a 10 especies (70 % de ellas de interés comercial). Se concluyó que en la bahía de Tumaco se aprovechan los crustáceos, un recurso alimenticio común y abundante, y se evidenció la presencia de microplásticos en los peces.
Impact of Nail Service Consumers’ Awareness on Consumption Value Pursuit Depending on DISC Behavior Types
Authors:   The Korean Society of Beauty and Art, Lee Eun-Sun , Lee Jae-Nam
Published: October 2023

Nail and beauty industry requires the approach for stable management and attraction of customers due to quantitative expansion of the industry and market competition becoming more fierce. This study aims to identify the impact of nail service consumption awareness on consumption value pursuit depending on DISC behavior types and to supply the information useful for nail and beauty industry as well as to establish the marketing strategies for sustainability and continuing growth in the nail and beauty market. Data (total 342 questionnaires) was collected from customers in 20s to 50s using nail art shops in Seoul and analyzed using SPSS WIN 20.0 statistics package program. The analysis identified the significant difference between the nail service consumption awareness and consumption value pursuit depending on DISC behavior types of consumers and the correlation between nail service consumption awareness and consumption value pursuit. Furthermore, DISC behavior types (Dominance, Influence, Steadiness, Conscientiousness) showed difference per variable and nail service consumption awareness (functionality, mentality, popularity, individuality) and consumption value pursuit (functional, social, emotional, rare). In conclusion, the analysis results of this study may help enhancing customers’ satisfaction and continuing growth of nail and beauty industry as being used for establishing the differentiated marketing strategies and custom services.
Validation of the Measurement Tool for Self-management of Beauty Professionals Using the Rasch Model
Authors:   The Korean Society of Beauty and Art, Lee Young-Jo , Yoo Jee-Young , Kim Hyun-Jung , Lee So-Eun , Oh Seung Hyun
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study was to validate the self-management measurement tool's validity for beauty professionals using the Rasch model. Data was collected from 679 participants who were beauty professionals working in the metropolitan area. Kim Hyun-jeong's (2021) self-management scale was used as the measurement tool. Data analysis methods included testing for normality, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis. In the Rasch model analysis, the validation of the data included testing for unidimensionality, item fit and difficulty, and the validity of response category thresholds.
The results obtained from the research are as follows. First, the normality testing of the self-management measurement tool's sub-factors for beauty professionals confirmed that the data showed no skewness and was within the normal distribution range. Second, both the exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis of the self-management measurement tool for beauty professionals confirmed that all items were appropriate, thus validating its construct validity. Third, the analysis of item fit using the Rasch model confirmed that the self-management measurement tool for beauty professionals established validity in terms of unidimensionality, item fit and difficulty, and the appropriateness of item category thresholds.
In summary, based on the comprehensive findings of this study, Kim Hyun-jeong's (2021) self-management measurement tool for beauty professionals was found to be highly valid.
A Study on Special Make-up Maquette Works Applying Abject Arts Character
Authors:   The Korean Society of Beauty and Art, Choi Joo-Hyung , Hwang Sun-Hee
Published: October 2023

Characters in media have been actively created according to trends in literature and art. The creatures in Hollywood films since the 1980s have been loved by many due to their fascinating design and latest special makeup techniques. The proportion of special makeup and maquette production techniques needed to design such creatures has gradually increased and has become more important in the film industry. This study attempted to design creatures, using the characteristics of abject art, going against traditional art, which pursues idealistic and typical beauty. The goal is to design creative characters through art trends, which has not been handled in previous studies, through a maquette production technique that displays concept design. In terms of research methods, the theoretical background of abject art was reviewed through an analysis of technical books, previous studies, and Internet data. The characteristics of abject art into boundary ambiguity, aversion, and lowliness. The works since the film ‘Alien (1979)’, known as the epitome of the creature design process, were categorized into three characteristics of abject art in consideration of opinions from expert groups. In addition, three special makeup maquette works were created according to the type of abject art characteristic. It is anticipated that there will be further studies on design using special makeup maquette during the pre-production of media, having an awareness of the importance of media character design, which reflects the aesthetic characteristics of art trends.
The Influence of Learning Presence in Non-face-to-face Classes Perceived by College Students Major in Hairstyling on Learning Commitment and Learning Outcome
Authors:   The Korean Society of Beauty and Art, Lee Ji Hee , Park Eun-Jun
Published: October 2023

In rapidly changing social environments, the COVID-19 pandemic has brought dramatic changes in people's daily lives. They have worked to improve learning commitment and learning outcome by enhancing learning presence through smooth communications with students after going through trials and errors in non-face-to-face classes in order to adapt themselves to such new circumstances. This study attempted to investigate the influence of the learning presence of such online classes on learning commitment and learning outcome against college students majoring in hairstyling and develop a plan to deliver high-quality education with a goal of providing basic data for the growth and development of cosmetology education. For this, a self-administered questionnaire survey was performed against college students majoring in hairstyling in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. A total of 301 copies were used for final analysis, and the results found the followings: It is required to develop high-quality class environments to make students recognize learning presence on their own and attain a smooth communication between teachers and students and among students. It is anticipated that there would be further studies with more specific academic majors.
Policy on Sustainable Transport in England: The Case of High Speed 2
Authors: Banister David
Published: October 2023

The achievement of sustainable transport is often a clearly stated objective of government policy, but in England there is no National Sustainable Transport Strategy (NSTS). This paper outlines the nature of sustainable transport arguing for a strategic approach that takes account of the means to reduce travel through substitution and shorter trips, as well as making best use of all modes and reducing reliance on carbon-based energy sources. It reviews the recent austerity phase of UK transport policy (2010-2015) where revenue support has been cut, but capital expenditure has increased, and it comments on the difficulties of making decisions on large scale transport infrastructure projects in the absence of a NSTS. The recent policy statements and initiatives on transport and sustainability are covered, looking backwards and forwards. It then takes the case of High Speed 2 (HS2) and identifies five main narratives in the debates over the arguments in support of this huge investment. It seems that sustainable transport has not been a central part of that debate, and there is a need to reframe the discussion on HS2, as part of a NSTS.
Towards Sustainable Transport Planning in the United States
Authors: Ramani Tara , Zietsman Josias , Ridley Pryn Marie
Published: October 2023

This paper provides an analysis of how sustainability concepts are currently addressed within the broad framework of surface transportation planning in the United States (US). We first discuss the overall transportation planning process in the US, and the role of key agencies and actors. This is followed by a brief assessment of how sustainability is addressed as part of national policies and programs. We then present a case study of the US Federal Highway Administration’s INVEST (Infrastructure Voluntary Evaluation Sustainability Tool), and its application by four agencies. In general, the findings indicate that there is acknowledgement of triple bottom line sustainability considerations in transportation planning – though a cohesive and unified approach is lacking. We also note the presence of planning initiatives and discourse that implicitly address sustainability issues, by targeting related considerations such as liveability, health, climate adaptation, quality of life, and economic opportunity.
How the inclusion of life cycle impacts affects transport cost-benefit analysis
Authors: Manzo Stefano , Dong Yan , Miraglia Simona , Salling Kim Bang
Published: October 2023

Transport cost-benefit analysis frameworks do not consider the environmental impacts deriving from the life cycle of the transport system’s components. This leads to an inaccurate representation of the environmental impacts of transport projects, which can be instead more thoroughly represented by life cycle assessment methods. In the present study, we describe a transport cost-benefit analysis model combined with a life cycle assessment module developed based on life cycle ReCiPe 2016 methodology. The suggested approach makes it possible to include the life cycle impacts on human health, ecosystem and natural resource depletion in the project assessment. We discuss the methodological issues of combining cost-benefit analysis and life cycle assessment in transport appraisals. We illustrate the results from the application of the model to a transport case study related to the construction of a new fixed link across the Roskilde Fjord in Frederikssund (Denmark). The analysis shows that the environmental impacts deriving from the life cycle of the system components notably affect the key indicators of the model output, such as benefit-cost ratio and net present value. The results from the model are then tested through sensitivity analysis related to some of the assumptions made for the study. The study concludes that the inclusion of life cycle impacts in transport cost-benefit frameworks allows taking into account environmental costs and benefits otherwise not accounted for, thereby providing to the decision makers a more exhaustive information about the environmental impacts of the project.
Design and Implementation of Driving Time Regulation
Authors: Bergland Harald , Pedersen Pål Andreas
Published: October 2023

Our object of study is welfare optimal driving time regulations in professional road transportation. Due to fatigue, traffic accident risks are supposed to increase as driving times rise. Conversely, the quantity and quality of road infrastructure affect productivity and safety in transportation positively. As the typical driver does not bear all the social costs when accidents happen, in the absence of public regulation, she has an incentive to drive too many hours. Hence, we present two types of public regulatory tools: a uniform driving time restriction and a uniform tax. We then compare the likely outcomes of these regulations (second-best policies) with the welfare optimal (first-best) solution. Moreover, as driving time restrictions are commonly applied worldwide, we study the problem of implementing such prescriptions. When public authorities choose optimal resources in driving time restrictions, the detection of the flouting of these restrictions and the penalty levels for non-compliance, the welfare gains involved must balance the direct and indirect enforcement costs. For example, it follows that the welfare-optimal penalty level should not be so high that the most efficient companies are always forced to comply with the uniform driving time restriction.
Editorial: Understanding funding and financing of transportation infrastructure
Authors: Vanelslander Thierry , Roumboutsos Athena , Pantelias Aristeidis
Published: October 2023

Investment in transport infrastructure is under pressure. On the one hand, the need for maintaining and/or replacing existing assets as well as building new ones is higher than ever. On the other hand, funding either for maintaining existing assets or building new ones, is severely constrained. Earlier literature proposed to combine all the above factors in the form of indicators that can describe the elements of the transport infrastructure delivery system. At the heart of this system lies the business model, which generates funding and attracts financing. System elements are drawn and kept together by the efficiency and flexibility of their contractual governance. An important element that determines the overall functionality of the system is the contextual setting: the implementation and transport mode contexts. This special issue brings together multiple research contributions that showcase the importance of understanding the funding and financing characteristics of transport infrastructure. A key common conclusion is that success or failure is not dependent on a single factor but rather a group of factors, which are not the same for all targeted outcomes. All papers, in their analysis of respective factors, identify “turning points” in their positive or negative effect on project performance.
Beyond project governance. Enhancing funding and enabling financing for infrastructure in transport. Findings from the importance analysis approach
Authors: Chivatá Cárdenas Ibsen , Voordijk Hans , Dewulf Geert
Published: October 2023

Based on the examination of the transactions made in 58 case study projects, we have developed probabilistic causation models that include relationships hypothesised from exhaustive literature reviews. These models contain relationships that relate a number of significant project variables to transport infrastructure project performance. Here, we report on the use of the Importance Analysis approach to identify the most significant factors linked to variables measuring project performance. Such an approach is used in combination of Bayesian Networks and Sensitivity Analysis. Some variables that resulted important to achieve cost, time, and revenue expectations in transport infrastructure projects are identified. These include factors other than those related to project governance but linked to the funding and financing schemes in a project and its context of implementation. Additionally, we analysed how projects in the BENEFIT database responded to the effects of the European economic crisis in 2008. The results indicated that some actions were implemented at some instances during the crisis time. Specific factors that appeared to be sufficiently robust to face the economic crisis were found.
Factors affecting the cost performance of transport infrastructure projects
Authors: Moschouli Eleni , Murwantara Soecipto Raden , Vanelslander Thierry , Verhoest Koen
Published: October 2023

The research objective of this paper is to identify the key factors that affect the cost performance of all types of transport infrastructure projects. The method used is the fuzzy set QUALITATIVE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS (fs QCA), which allows identifying combinations of factors that affect the cost performance. Results show that 30% of the projects, which are on cost, are explained by a good institutional context, a high ability to save costs, high revenue robustness, high transport market efficiency and acceptability and a mostly public financing scheme as core conditions, combined with good governance as peripheral condition. Also, 29% of the projects, which are over cost, are explained by an unfavourable financial-economic context and mostly a private financing scheme as core conditions, combined with inadequate governance as a peripheral condition. In the on-cost analysis, financing scheme and governance appear to be ‘positive’, while in the over-cost analysis, they appear to be ‘negative’, thus acting consistently and showing their importance, since they contribute respectively to the achievement or not of the cost target. These results can provide useful lessons to academics, practitioners, policy makers and all other stakeholders involved in transport infrastructure projects.
Explaining success and failures in PPP transport projects: an econometric approach
Authors: Trujillo Lourdes , Inchausti-Sintes Federico , Campos Javier , Manrique-de-Lara-Peñate Casiano
Published: October 2023

There are a multitude of factors, both internal and external, that may affect the development and success of any transport project. ‘Success’ is both context-dependent and quite difficult to measure. This paper distinguishes between four types of ‘success’ variables: (lack of) cost overruns; (lack of) time delays; (ex-post) level of traffic; and (generated) revenues. Each variable is modeled in a binary way (using discrete choice models), with each model estimating the relevance of various explanatory factors on the probability of success. Internal factors are found to have the greatest effect on that probability, and PPP projects seem to be prone to budget overruns and delays. Governance factors, such as the tender process, renegotiations, and issues related to penalties, among others, can all produce complications. Since the public authority has control over most of these variables, these results could be used to improve the ‘success’ of these projects.