bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mycorrhizal feedbacks influence global forest structure and diversity
Authors: Delavaux Camille S. , LaManna Joseph A. , Myers Jonathan A. , Phillips Richard P. , Aguilar Salomón , Allen David , Alonso Alfonso , Anderson-Teixeira Kristina J. , Baker Matthew E. , Baltzer Jennifer L. , Bissiengou Pulchérie , Bonfim Mariana , Bourg Norman A. , Brockelman Warren Y. , Burslem David F. R. P. , Chang Li-Wan , Chen Yang , Chiang Jyh-Min , Chu Chengjin , Clay Keith , Cordell Susan , Cortese Mary , den Ouden Jan , Dick Christopher , Ediriweera Sisira , Ellis Erle C. , Feistner Anna , Freestone Amy L. , Giambelluca Thomas , Giardina Christian P. , Gilbert Gregory S. , He Fangliang , Holík Jan , Howe Robert W. , Huaraca Huasca Walter , Hubbell Stephen P. , Inman Faith , Jansen Patrick A. , Johnson Daniel J. , Kral Kamil , Larson Andrew J. , Litton Creighton M. , Lutz James A. , Malhi Yadvinder , McGuire Krista , McMahon Sean M. , McShea William J. , Memiaghe Hervé , Nathalang Anuttara , Norden Natalia , Novotny Vojtech , O’Brien Michael J. , Orwig David A. , Ostertag Rebecca , Parker Geoffrey G. , Pérez Rolando , Reynolds Glen , Russo Sabrina E. , Sack Lawren , Šamonil Pavel , Sun I-Fang , Swanson Mark E. , Thompson Jill , Uriarte Maria , Vandermeer John , Wang Xihua , Ware Ian , Weiblen George D. , Wolf Amy , Wu Shu-Hui , Zimmerman Jess K. , Lauber Thomas , Maynard Daniel S. , Crowther Thomas W. , Averill Colin
Published: October 2023

One mechanism proposed to explain high species diversity in tropical systems is strong negative conspecific density dependence (CDD), which reduces recruitment of juveniles in proximity to conspecific adult plants. Although evidence shows that plant-specific soil pathogens can drive negative CDD, trees also form key mutualisms with mycorrhizal fungi, which may counteract these effects. Across 43 large-scale forest plots worldwide, we tested whether ectomycorrhizal tree species exhibit weaker negative CDD than arbuscular mycorrhizal tree species. We further tested for conmycorrhizal density dependence (CMDD) to test for benefit from shared mutualists. We found that the strength of CDD varies systematically with mycorrhizal type, with ectomycorrhizal tree species exhibiting higher sapling densities with increasing adult densities than arbuscular mycorrhizal tree species. Moreover, we found evidence of positive CMDD for tree species of both mycorrhizal types. Collectively, these findings indicate that mycorrhizal interactions likely play a foundational role in global forest diversity patterns and structure.
Transcriptional regulation and overexpression of GST cluster enhances pesticide resistance in the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Jin Minghui , Peng Yan , Peng Jie , Zhang Huihui , Shan Yinxue , Liu Kaiyu , Xiao Yutao
Published: October 2023

The rapid evolution of resistance in agricultural pest poses a serious threat to global food security. However, the mechanisms of resistance through metabolic regulation are largely unknown. Here, we found that a GST gene cluster was strongly selected in North China (NTC) population, and it was significantly genetically-linked to lambda-cyhalothrin resistance. Knockout of the GST cluster using CRISPR/Cas9 significantly increased the sensitivity of the knockout strain to lambda-cyhalothrin. Haplotype analysis revealed no non-synonymous mutations or structural variations in the GST cluster, whereas GST_119 and GST_121 were significantly overexpressed in the NTC population. Silencing of GST_119 or co-silencing of GST_119 and GST_121 with RNAi significantly increased larval sensitivity to lambda-cyhalothrin. We also identified additional GATAe transcription factor binding sites in the promoter of NTC_GST_119. Transient expression of GATAe in Hi5 cells activated NTC_GST_119 and Xinjiang (XJ)_GST_119 transcription, but the transcriptional activity of NTC_GST_119 was significantly higher than that of XJ_GST_119. These results demonstrate that variations in the regulatory region result in complex expression changes in the GST cluster, which enhances lambda-cyhalothrin resistance in field-populations. This study deepens our knowledge of the evolutionary mechanism of pest adaptation under environmental stress and provides potential targets for monitoring pest resistance and integrated management.
Triggered metabolism of adenosine triphosphate as an explanation for the chemical heterogeneity of heterotopic ossification
Authors: Sui Cong , Robinson Thomas E. , Williams Richard L. , Eisenstein Neil M. , Grover Liam M.
Published: October 2023

Heterotopic ossification (HO), the pathological formation of bone in soft tissues, is a debilitating condition, as well as one of the few instances of de novo bone formation in adults. Chemical mapping of HO tissue showed distinct islands of calcium phosphate within phosphate-deficient, calcium-rich regions, suggesting a transition to apatitic bone mineral from a non-phosphatic precursor. The transition of amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC), a generally suggested bone-mineral precursor, in physiological conditions was thus investigated. Here, we show that adenosine triphosphate (ATP), present in high amounts in forming bone, stabilised ACC for weeks in physiological conditions and that enzymatic degradation of ATP triggered rapid crystallisation into apatite, through an amorphous calcium phosphate phase. It is suggested that this localised enzymatic degradation could explain the chemical heterogeneity seen in HO and may also represent a pathway to physiological bone mineralisation.
A dually emissive MPA-CdTe QDs@N, S-GQD nanosensor for sensitive and selective detection of 4-nitrophenol using two turn-off signals
Authors: Mamipour Zahra , Kompany-Zareh Mohsen , Nematollahzadeh Ali
Published: October 2023

The developed MPA-CdTe QDs@N, S-GQD sensor exhibited two turn-off fluorescence signals when exposed to 4-NP. Employing the PARAFAC model on the EEM data showed a negative emission profile for 4-NP.
A multi-channel collagen conduit with aligned Schwann cells and endothelial cells for enhanced neuronal regeneration in spinal cord injury
Authors: Lee Hye Yeong , Moon Seo Hyun , Kang Donggu , Choi Eunjeong , Yang Gi Hoon , Kim Keung Nyun , Won Joo Yun , Yi Seong
Published: October 2023

Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to Wallerian degeneration and the accompanying disruption of vasculature leads to ischemia, which damages motor and sensory function.
Biomimetic, self-coacervating adhesive with tough underwater adhesion for ultrafast hemostasis and infected wound healing
Authors: Liu Tingwu , Sun Wen , Zhang Xu , Xu Donghua , Wang Mingzhe , Yan Qiuyan , Yin Jinghua , Luan Shifang
Published: October 2023

We reported a dried poly-γ-glutamic acid/lysozyme polyelectrolyte bioadhesive (d-PGA/LZM) via facile co-assembly of PGA and LZM, which might be valuable to serve as a bioglue or a sealant for various biomedical applications.
Understanding base and backbone contributions of phosphorothioate DNA for molecular recognition with SBD proteins
Authors: Li Jiayi , Luo Shenggan , Ouyang Xingyu , Wu Geng , Deng Zixin , He Xinyi , Zhao Yi-Lei
Published: October 2023

Sulfur-binding proteins (SBDs) exhibit an unexpected 6-bp sequence-dependence at a specific phosphorothioate-modified anchoring site, as determined by the interaction analysis.
Molecular modeling of interfacial properties of the hydrogen + water + decane mixture in three-phase equilibrium
Authors: Yang Yafan , Wan Jingyu , Li Jingfa , Zhao Guangsi , Shang Xiangyu
Published: October 2023

Interfacial tensions in the H2 + H2O + C10H22 3-phase system at various temperatures and pressures.
Parallel detection of chemical reactions in a microfluidic platform using hyperpolarized nuclear magnetic resonance
Authors: Yeste Jose , Azagra Marc , Ortega Maria A. , Portela Alejandro , Matajsz Gergő , Herrero-Gómez Alba , Kim Yaewon , Sriram Renuka , Kurhanewicz John , Vigneron Daniel B. , Marco-Rius Irene
Published: October 2023

We developed a microfluidic device compatible with hyperpolarization-enhanced MR spectroscopic imaging. It measures up to 8 chemical reactions simultaneously with a single hyperpolarized sample.
Biocompatible ligands modulate nanozyme activity of CeO2nanoparticles
Authors: Baranchikov Alexander E. , Sozarukova Madina M. , Mikheev Ivan V. , Egorova Anastasia A. , Proskurnina Elena V. , Poimenova Iuliia A. , Krasnova Svetlana A. , Filippova Arina D. , Ivanov Vladimir K.
Published: October 2023

The modification of CeO2nanoparticles with common biocompatible ligands allows regulating nanozyme property of nanoceria, namely SOD-like property, and its antioxidant activity.
Deciphering DNA nucleotide sequences and their rotation dynamics with interpretable machine learning integrated C3N nanopores
Authors: Jena Milan Kumar , Mittal Sneha , Manna Surya Sekhar , Pathak Biswarup
Published: October 2023

A Machine learning framework combined with solid-state C3N nanopore and quantum transport method to identify unknown nucleotides at their rotated dynamic configurations by predicting their fingerprint transmission function.
Metabolomics and molecular networking approach for exploring the anti-diabetic activity of medicinal plants
Authors: Timilsina Arjun Prasad , Raut Bimal Kumar , Huo Chen , Khadayat Karan , Budhathoki Prakriti , Ghimire Mandira , Budhathoki Rabin , Aryal Niraj , Kim Ki Hyun , Parajuli Niranjan
Published: October 2023

Metabolomics and molecular networking analysis involve the systematic identification, visualization, and high-throughput characterization of bioactive metabolites in natural products.
Capillary washboarding during slow drainage of a frictional fluid
Authors: Thorens Louison , Måløy Knut J. , Flekkøy Eirik G. , Sandnes Bjørnar , Bourgoin Mickaël , Santucci Stéphane
Published: October 2023

Combining experiments, theory and numerical simulations, we elucidate the emergence of various drainage patterns arising when an immersed granular bed in a capillary tube is displaced by a liquid/air meniscus as the liquid is slowly drained out.
Solar-driven photocatalytic removal of NO over a concrete paving eco-block containing black TiO2
Authors: Dong Pengyu , Wang Cunxia , Tan Junjian , Wang Yan , Xi Xinguo , Zhang Jinlong
Published: October 2023

The as-prepared black TiO2-based concrete paving eco-block exhibits outstanding photocatalytic NO removal efficiency without harmful by-products and an enhanced binding force between the photocatalyst and concrete matrix.
Decentralized trustworthiness score management with smart contracts on the trustlend platform
Authors: Uriawan Wisnu , Badr Youakim , Hasan Omar , Brunie Lionel
Published: October 2023

The personal lending marketplace, known as Peer‐to‐Peer (P2P) lending, has increased globally. However, providing unsecured loans to peers without requiring collateral remains a challenge. A platform called TrustLend is proposed to enable trustworthy transactions in the personal lending application. The platform attempts to eliminate or minimize the collateral requirement. The trustworthiness score adds to this platform's variable selection rules and can help lenders decide on reliable candidates as borrowers. The prototype implementing the TrustLend platform based on Ethereum smart contracts that use the trustworthiness score is also described and it is illustrated with a Decentralized Application (DApp) case study and customized smart contracts. The prototype demonstrates fundamental features and supports borrowers, lenders, and recommenders in establishing proposals and approvals. Finally, the prototype shows how end‐users can easily access loans with reduced collateral without hidden costs and swift transactions.
Resilient control design for large‐scale networked control systems under denial‐of‐service attacks
Authors: Guo Xiaoxiao , Chen Guoliang , Zhang Jing , Wang Zhichuang
Published: October 2023

This paper focuses on the exponential stability and the resilient state feedback controller design for large‐scale networked control systems under denial‐of‐service attacks. The duration of each denial‐of‐service attack is captured by a logical processor embedded in the controller. The closed‐loop system of periodic sampled‐data control is modelled as an aperiodic sampled‐data control system associated with lower and upper bounds on the duration of the denial‐of‐service attack. Two formal results are demonstrated. The first result is the stability criterion for large‐scale networked control systems under denial‐of‐service attacks obtained by constructing a two‐sided mode‐dependent loop‐based Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional under the action of a prediction‐based controller. The second result presents a criterion based on linear matrix inequalities to design the controller against denial‐of‐service attacks. In particular, iterative algorithms are given for computing the allowable delay upper bound for the system. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by the interconnected power systems of the two areas.
A survey of networked microgrid operation under the transactive energy paradigm
Authors: Zhang Kai , Subramanian Lalitha , Yao Weitao , Wu Jiyan , Zhang Siyue , Troitzsch Sebastian , Massier Tobias , Xu Yan
Published: October 2023

This study presents a comprehensive review of networked micro‐grid (NMG) operations under the transactive energy paradigm. Specifically, we aimed to identify and analyse the key aspects of transactive NMG models, including operational scenarios, ownership models, transactive operation designs, prosumer behaviour, and business models. This is accompanied by a review of real‐world applications and analysis of current research trends. With several research gaps identified, this study provides different views on the challenges in mathematical modelling and real‐world deployment of NMG.
Plasmonic refractive index nano sensor based on triplet coupled stub resonators based Fano resonances
Authors: Moeinimaleki Babak , Kaatuzian Hassan , Mallah Livani Abdolber , Modabberanbeh Mohammadmahdi
Published: October 2023

Fano resonance arises from the superposition of a narrow discrete resonance with a continuous state. In this paper, a Fano resonance‐based plasmonic refractive index sensor based on nanoscale metal‐insulator‐metal (MIM) waveguides is proposed and evaluated by applying the two‐dimensional finite‐difference time‐domain (2D FDTD) method. An MIM‐based single stub vertically attached to an MIM waveguide is considered as the unit cell of the waveguide system of the proposed structure. A transfer matrix of transmission and coupling complex coefficients is defined for the unit cell of the waveguide system of the proposed sensor, and the conditions for the authenticity of its modeling based on the transmission line theory are evaluated. A system of triplet coupled stub resonators (TCSRs) attached to an MIM waveguide is coupled with a disk resonator to induce Fano resonances in the transmission spectrum of the sensor. Fano resonance and its characteristics are utilized to improve the essential operating parameters of the sensor, such as full width at half maximum (FWHM) and figure of merit (FOM). In optimized conditions, for the system of TCSRs coupled to a disk resonator, a resonance with a sensitivity of 684 nm/RIU and an FOM of 621.8 1/RIU exhibited. Also, for the system of TCSRs coupled to a ring resonator, a resonance with a sensitivity of 3524 nm/RIU and an FOM of 35.24 1/RIU was achieved. Eventually, the numerically achieved results for the operating parameters of the sensor are validated using governing analytical methods.
Harmonic filtering and fault ride‐through of diode rectifier unit and modular multilevel converter based offshore wind power integration
Authors: Jin Yanqiu , Zhang Zheren , Huang Ying , Xu Zheng , Xu Feng
Published: October 2023

The diode rectifier unit (DRU) is promising in offshore wind power integration due to its reliability and economy. Offshore AC voltage control is the key technology of the DRU‐based scheme. In this paper, a low‐cost offshore wind power integration system based on the DRU and the modular multilevel converter (MMC) in parallel on the rectifier side is proposed. The low‐capacity MMC rectifier is controlled to establish the offshore AC voltage amplitude and frequency, maintain all offshore wind active power transmitted by the DRU, and provide reactive power compensation and AC harmonic filtering for the DRU. Besides, the fault ride‐through strategies of both the offshore fault and the onshore fault are proposed. Moreover, the calculation method of the rated capacity of the MMC rectifier is derived. The time domain simulations of the hybrid system under typical operating conditions are investigated in PSCAD/EMTDC, and the feasibility of the proposed scheme is verified.
Numerical investigation of thermal buckling and post-buckling behavior of an EN AW 6016-T4 car roof assembled in a steel body-in-white
Authors: da Silva Leandro M. , Cellard Christophe , Geslain Edouard , Sohier Laurent , Ponte-Felgueiras Olivier , Créac'hcadec Romain
Published: October 2023

The automotive industry is undergoing significant changes driven by factors such as reducing carbon dioxide emissions, advancing technology, evolving regulations, and the emergence of new energy sources. Lightweight materials, particularly aluminum alloys, are being extensively researched and integrated into vehicles to reduce weight and improve performance. However, the heating process during vehicle production can cause thermal buckling in thin aluminum alloy structures, affecting their appearance and quality. While thermal buckling has been studied in other industries, research in the automotive sector, particularly for non-structural parts like car roofs, is limited. This study uses numerical simulation to predict thermal buckling and post-buckling behavior of a EN AW 6016-T4 alloy car roof assembled in a predominantly steel body-in-white. The research findings indicate that roof buckling occurs at a relatively low temperature difference of approximately 60 °C, which is lower than the maximum temperatures experienced during the painting phases in the automotive industry. Consequently, undulations in the roof's shape become apparent, underscoring the importance of design modifications to ensure visual conformity. Validation through physical testing confirms the model's accuracy, providing valuable insights for designing lightweight structures with improved performance and aesthetics.
Review of the concept of Profilicollis Meyer, 1931 with a description of Profilicollis rancoensis n. sp. (Acanthocephala: Polymorphidae) from the freshwater crab, Aegla abtao Schmitt, 1942 (Decapoda: Anomura) in Chile, with a key to congeneric species
Authors: Amin Omar M. , Rodríguez Sara M. , Farrer Solinus , Fierro Pablo , Garcés Cristóbal , Rivera Felipe , D’Elía Guillermo
Published: October 2023

Profilicollis rancoensis n. sp. is the tenth species of Profilicollis Meyer, 1931 which includes 9 other species mostly known from marine decapod crabs and shore birds. Cystacanths of P. rancoensis are described from the dominant freshwater crab Aegla abtao in Ranco Lake, Chile and are morphologically distinguished from cystacanths of the 9 other species based on a combination of 4 characters. These are body size, number of proboscis hook rows, number of hooks per row, and length of the largest anterior 2–4 hooks. Male and female cystacanths of P. rancoensis are 2.10–3.33 mm long having an ovoid proboscis with 14 rows of 6–7 hooks per row, with the largest anterior 2–4 hooks being 105–110 micrometers long; the anterior trunk has many small spines in 70–80 concentric rings, each with 50–60 spines around them; hook roots are simple, directed posteriorly, about as long as the blades anteriorly with unremarkable anterior manubria; the cephalic ganglion are in mid-receptacle just anterior to the level of the anterior trunk; the lemnisci are long and slender; the testes are in the anterior trunk, posterior trunk, or one in each; the primordia of 2 tubular cement glands are evident; strong bundles of fibers link the anterior and posterior trunk; and the posterior trunk has a corrugated surface cuticula. Molecular analysis (COI and 18S) sequences coincided with the morphology and support its taxonomy. The phylogenetic profile revealed that P. rancoensis n. sp. fell into the Profilicollis clade. Both sequences showed low genetic variation, and three different haplotypes were found. The new species was more closely related to P. botulus (Van Cleave, 1916) Witenberg, 1932 than to other Profilicollis species.
Intravital Imaging of Thrombosis Models in Mice
Authors: Kiouptsi Klytaimnistra , Casari Martina , Mandel Jonathan , Gao Zhenling , Deppermann Carsten
Published: October 2023

Intravital microscopy is a powerful tool to study thrombosis in real time. The kinetics of thrombus formation and progression in vivo is studied after inflicting damage to the endothelium through mechanical, chemical, or laser injury. Mouse models of atherosclerosis are also used to induce thrombus formation. Vessels of different sizes and from different vascular beds such as carotid artery or vena cava, mesenteric or cremaster arterioles, can be targeted. Using fluorescent dyes, antibodies, or reporter mouse strains allows to visualize key cells and factors mediating the thrombotic processes. Here, we review the latest literature on using intravital microscopy to study thrombosis as well as thromboinflammation following transient middle cerebral artery occlusion, infection-induced immunothrombosis, and liver ischemia reperfusion.
Retrospektive klinisch-kausale Bewertung einer positiven PCR für SARS-CoV-2 bei hospitalisierten Patienten des gesamten Altersspektrums in einem Krankenhaus der Schwerpunktversorgung
Authors: Heiland Lea Madeleine , Jörres Rudolf , Engelhardt Sebastian , Alter Peter , Kahnert Kathrin , Deerberg-Wittram Jens , Unterweger Thomas , Budweiser Stephan
Published: October 2023

Einleitung Häufig wird diskutiert, dass eine positive PCR für SARS-CoV-2 bei hospitalisierten Patienten nicht mit dem Aufenthalt kausal verknüpft sein muss, doch liegen aus Deutschland keine wissenschaftlichen Daten vor. Daher analysierten wir, inwieweit in einem Krankenhaus der Schwerpunktversorgung im ersten Tertial 2022 eine positive PCR nach klinischen Kriterien als ursächlich oder nebensächlich für die Aufnahme bewertet werden konnte.

Methoden Eingeschlossen wurden SARS-CoV-2-positive Patienten des RoMed-Klinikums Rosenheim/Bayern vom 01.01.2022 bis 30.04.2022. Die Patienten wurden eingeteilt in eine Gruppe mit COVID-19 als direktem Aufnahmegrund (CAW), und eine Gruppe, in der dies gemäß einer umfassenden klinischen Beurteilung nicht zutraf (nCAW). Patienten ohne eindeutige Zuteilung wurden separat geführt. Die Kategorisierung erfolgte mehrstufig durch eine in COVID-19 erfahrene Internistin (M.H.) und schloss alle verfügbaren klinischen, radiologischen und Laborbefunde sowie Therapieentscheidungen ein.

Ergebnisse 647 Fälle wurden eingeschlossen (Alter 10 Tage bis 101 Jahre, Median 68 Jahre; 49,5% Frauen), darunter 13 Patienten in 2 Aufnahmen mit positiver PCR. 45,3% (n=293) waren der Gruppe mit COVID als Aufnahmegrund zuzuordnen, 48,8% (n=316) nicht, bei 35 Patienten war keine klare Entscheidung zu treffen, 3 Patienten wurden von anderen Kliniken zur Isolation übernommen. Bei Säuglingen (bis 1 Jahr) war ein positiver PCR-Test häufiger ursächlich als bei älteren Patienten. Als führende Symptome der Einteilung erwiesen sich Abgeschlagenheit/Müdigkeit, Fieber/Schüttelfrost und Husten bei Aufnahme. Fieberkrämpfe machten bei Kindern (1,1–7,6 Jahre) in 10 Fällen den Aufnahmegrund aus. Die Aufenthaltsdauer unterschied sich nicht signifikant zwischen den Gruppen (Median [Quartile] 5 [2; 10] Tage für CAW, 5 [2; 12] für nCAW), ebensowenig die Sterblichkeit in der Klinik und das mediane Alter der Verstorbenen oder Überlebenden.

Diskussion Eine retrospektive Analyse aller klinischen Befunde ergab, dass in knapp 50% der Fälle die positive SARS-CoV-2-PCR eine für die Aufnahme und den Krankenhausaufenthalt wesentliche, nach klinischen Kriterien ursächliche Rolle spielte, während sie in knapp 50% einen Nebenbefund darstellte. Diese Ergebnisse bestätigen Daten aus anderen Ländern und belegen, dass die Rolle eines positiven SARS-CoV-2-PCR-Tests für den Krankenhausaufenthalt nur durch eine umfassende und aufwendige Analyse individueller Daten zu beantworten ist.
Toward new scaling laws for wrinkling in biologically relevant fiber-reinforced bilayers
Authors: Mirandola A. , Cutolo A. , Carotenuto A. R. , Nguyen N. , Pocivavsek L. , Fraldi M. , Deseri L.
Published: October 2023

Wrinkling, creasing, and folding are frequent phenomena encountered in biological and man-made bilayers made by thin films bonded to thicker and softer substrates often containing fibers. Paradigmatic examples of the latter are the skin, the brain, and arterial walls, for which wiggly cross sections are detected. Although experimental investigations on corrugation of these and analog bilayers would greatly benefit from scaling laws for prompt comparison of the wrinkling features, neither are they available nor have systematic approaches yielding to such laws ever been provided before. This gap is filled in this paper, where a uniaxially compressed bilayer formed by a thin elastic film bonded on a hyperelastic fiber-reinforced substrate is considered. The force balance at the film–substrate interface is here analytically and numerically investigated for highly mismatched film–substrates. The onset of wrinkling is then characterized in terms of both the critical strain and its corresponding wavenumber. Inspired by the asymptotic laws available for neo-Hookean bilayers, the paper then provides a systematic way to achieve novel scaling laws for the wrinkling features for fiber-reinforced highly mismatched hyperelastic bilayers. Such novel scaling laws shed light on the key contributions defining the response of the bilayer, as it is characterized by a fiber-induced complex anisotropy. Results are compared with finite element analyses and also with outcomes of both existing linear models and available ad hoc scalings. Furthermore, the amplitude, the global maximum and minimum of ruga occurring under increasing compression spanning the wrinkling, period doubling, and folding regimes are also obtained.
A review on inertial microfluidic fabrication methods
Authors: Akbari Zohreh , Raoufi Mohammad Amin , Mirjalali Sheyda , Aghajanloo Behrouz
Published: October 2023

In recent decades, there has been significant interest in inertial microfluidics due to its high throughput, ease of fabrication, and no need for external forces. The focusing efficiency of inertial microfluidic systems relies entirely on the geometrical features of microchannels because hydrodynamic forces (inertial lift forces and Dean drag forces) are the main driving forces in inertial microfluidic devices. In the past few years, novel microchannel structures have been propounded to improve particle manipulation efficiency. However, the fabrication of these unconventional structures has remained a serious challenge. Although researchers have pushed forward the frontiers of microfabrication technologies, the fabrication techniques employed for inertial microfluidics have not been discussed comprehensively. This review introduces the microfabrication approaches used for creating inertial microchannels, including photolithography, xurography, laser cutting, micromachining, microwire technique, etching, hot embossing, 3D printing, and injection molding. The advantages and disadvantages of these methods have also been discussed. Then, the techniques are reviewed regarding resolution, structures, cost, and materials. This review provides a thorough insight into the manufacturing methods of inertial microchannels, which could be helpful for future studies to improve the harvesting yield and resolution by choosing a proper fabrication technique.
Existence and uniqueness of the globally conservative solutions for a weakly dissipative Camassa–Holm equation in time weighted H1(R) space
Authors: Meng Zhiying , Yin Zhaoyang
Published: October 2023

In this paper, we prove that the existence and uniqueness of globally weak solutions to the Cauchy problem for the weakly dissipative Camassa–Holm equation in time weighted H1 space. First, we derive an equivalent semi-linear system by introducing some new variables, and present the globally conservative solutions of this equation in time weighted H1 space. Second, given a globally conservative solution, we introduce a set of auxiliary variables tailored to this particular solution, and prove that these variables satisfy a particular semilinear system has a unique solution. In turn, we get the uniqueness of the conservative solutions in the original variables. Finally, we show that the peakon solutions are conservative weak solutions in H1.
Systematic determination of coupling constants in spin clusters from broken-symmetry mean-field solutions
Authors: Ghassemi Tabrizi Shadan
Published: October 2023

Quantum-chemical calculations aimed at deriving magnetic coupling constants in exchange-coupled spin clusters commonly utilize a broken-symmetry (BS) approach. This involves calculating several distinct collinear spin configurations, predominantly by density-functional theory. The energies of these configurations are interpreted in terms of the Heisenberg model, H̃=∑i<jJijs̃i⋅s̃j, to determine coupling constants Jij for spin pairs. However, this energy-based procedure has inherent limitations, primarily in its inability to provide information on isotropic spin interactions beyond those included in the Heisenberg model. Biquadratic exchange or multi-center terms, for example, are usually inaccessible and hence assumed to be negligible. The present work introduces a novel approach employing BS mean-field solutions, specifically Hartree–Fock wave functions, for the construction of effective spin Hamiltonians. This expanded method facilitates the extraction of a broader range of coupling parameters by considering not only the energies, but also Hamiltonian and overlap elements between different BS states. We demonstrate how comprehensive s=12 Hamiltonians, including multi-center terms, can be straightforwardly constructed from a complete set of BS solutions. The approach is exemplified for small clusters within the context of the half-filled single-band Hubbard model. This allows to contrast the current strategy against exact results, thereby offering an enriched understanding of the spin-Hamiltonian construction from BS solutions.
Light-modulated graphene-based φ
0 Josephson junction and −φ
0 to φ
0 transition
Authors: Cheng 程 Renxiang 任翔 , Yu 于 Miao 苗 , Wang 汪 Hong 洪 , Cao 曹 Deliang 德亮 , Li 李 Xingao 兴鳌 , Qi 戚 Fenghua 凤华 , Zhou 周 Xingfei 兴飞
Published: October 2023

We investigate the chiral edge states-induced Josephson current–phase relation in a graphene-based Josephson junction modulated by the off-resonant circularly polarized light and the staggered sublattice potential. By solving the Bogoliubov–de Gennes equation, a φ
0 Josephson junction is induced in the coaction of the off-resonant circularly polarized light and the staggered sublattice potential, which arises from the fact that the center of-mass wave vector of Cooper pair becomes finite and the opposite center of-mass wave vector to compensate is lacking in the nonsuperconducting region. Interestingly, when the direction of polarization of light is changed, −φ
0 to φ
0 transition generates, which generalizes the concept of traditional 0–π transition. Our findings provide a purely optical way to manipulate a phase-controllable Josephson device and guidelines for future experiments to confirm the presence of graphene-based φ
0 Josephson junction.
Climate-effective use of straw in the EU bioeconomy—comparing avoided and delayed emissions in the agricultural, energy and construction sectors
Authors: Phan-huy Catherine , Göswein Verena , Habert Guillaume
Published: October 2023

A transformation towards a bioeconomy is needed to reduce the environmental impacts and resource requirements of different industries. However, considering the finiteness of land and biomass, such a transition requires strategizing resource and land allocation towards activities that yield maximum environmental benefit. This paper aims to develop a resource-based comparative indicator between economic sectors to enable optimal use of biobased resources. A new methodology is proposed to analyze the climate effectiveness of using straw in the agricultural, energy and construction sectors. For this purpose, avoided and delayed emissions are analyzed for different use cases of straw and then compared. Considering only avoided emissions, the use of straw as a feedstock for bioelectricity has the highest climate effectiveness (930 kg CO2 eq./tstraw). Considering only temporal carbon storage, straw-based insulation in buildings has the highest climate effectiveness (881 kg CO2 eq./tstraw). Combining avoided and delayed emissions, the use of straw-based insulation has the highest climate effectiveness (1344 kg CO2 eq./tstraw). Today EU-Policies incentives the use of straw in the agricultural sector and the energy sector, neglecting the benefit from its use in the construction sector. The results can support policymakers’ trans-sectoral incentives, where agriculture by-products are diverted towards the use of biomass that most boost economic activities and trigger maximum environmental benefit, given the local circumstances.
Sustainability Engineering on Chicken Slaughterhouse Waste as a Source of Liquid Biofertilizers Supporting Eco-Farming
Authors: Martini T , Suwito W
Published: October 2023

On average, Indonesia’s chicken slaughter sector consists of Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Businesses (MSMEs), which primarily use domestic product components. The government is concerned with raising national competitiveness, especially for MSMEs, to ensure fair and equitable growth. So that development can be accomplished in a sustainable way, all of these must be accomplished without compromising environmental concerns. The Chicken Slaughterhouse (RPA) MSME industry’s production processes undoubtedly create waste that pollutes the environment. The RPA liquid waste’s high nutrient content must be utilized as a natural resource to aid in the growth of organic and environmentally friendly agriculture. One solution is to use a fermentation process to turn the trash into liquid organic fertilizer. This research was done to ascertain the quality and quantity of macronutrients in liquid biofertilizers as well as the ideal fermentation period for the process. In order to conduct this study, rotten bananas and banana gedebog, EM4, molasses, and chicken manure were added to a reactor containing RPA wastewater. Throughout the 35-day fermentation process, samples were taken on days 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 in order to test the macronutrient content, which included C, N, P, and K, using the UV/VIS, SSA, and N spectrophotometry methods utilizing the Kjeldahl method. The best liquid biofertilizers in this study were made from a combination of RPA waste with banana gedebog, rotten bananas, EM4, molasses (molasses), and skin chicken dung. The mixture fermented for 14 days and contained 17.4 each of the components C-Organic, N-total, K2O, and P2O5 per day. With the exception of the P2O5 level, the liquid organic fertilizer generated complies with Permentan Number 261 of 2019. Notwithstanding this, the liquid organic fertilizer obtained is of higher quality than some fertilizers that have been sold commercially.
Gamma-Ray Radiation Effect on Two Species of Canavalia Performance
Authors: Putri P. H. , Utomo J. S. , Soehendi R. S.
Published: October 2023

In Indonesia, sword beans are still only occasionally grown since the superior variety is not readily available. An alternative breeding technique to enhance plant characteristics is mutation. The goal of this study was to determine how gamma radiation affected the growth and performance of the two Canavalia species. Four accessions of two Canavalia species each received one of five gamma-ray treatments (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 Gy). Plant morphology during the germination phase, growth type, plant capacity to produce flowers and pods, flowering age, maturity age, seed weight per plant, seed weight per plot, and seed weight per hundred seeds were all observational factors. Using a factorial randomized complete block design, the data were examined. Microsoft Excel was used for the descriptive analysis, whereas STAR software was used for the analysis of variance and further analyses. Gamma-ray doses of up to 200 Gy have not been successful in altering the characteristics or reaching the LD50 in sword bean. The weight of the seeds per plant and per hundred seeds varied significantly, but the dose and accession variables were inconsistent, making it impossible to determine the ideal combination of the two parameters at this time.
The Potential and Prospect of Tidal Swamp Lands for Sustainable Soybean Production
Authors: Harsono A , Harnowo D
Published: October 2023

The demand for food, particularly as a source of protein for the majority of Indonesia’s population, has not yet been satisfied by the country’s soybean production. For these reasons, the government works nonstop to intensify and extend soybean production in order to enhance productivity. Indonesia has a sizable amount of tidal marsh area (more than 700 000 ha) that is spread out throughout a number of islands, including Sumatera, Kalimantan, and Papua. The physical and chemical characteristics of the soil, such as water saturation in the root zones, a low pH, and a high Al concentration for soybean growth, are the main limitations of this land. However, the area may produce high soybean productivity (2.0 - 2.5 t/ha) with excellent management techniques. It is already possible to grow soybeans on tidal marsh lands using land and plant management techniques like fertilization, water management, amelioration, and tolerance varieties. In order to ensure sustained national soybean production in Indonesia and achieve self-sufficiency, tidal swamp areas have tremendous potential and chances for development.
Toxicology study of Eucalyptus citriodora on the insect Doleschallia bisaltidae
Authors: Kardinan A , Maris P
Published: October 2023

Toxicological Study of Eucalyptus citriodora on Doleschallia bisaltidae as a primary pest of Graptophyllum pictum, was carried out at the Entomology laboratory, ISMECRI, Bogor from January to March 2021. The research consisted of a toxicology study of E. citrodora and larva survival rate of D. bisaltidae. The toxicology study was carried out by direct spray to 3rd instar larva (contact) and spraying the leaves (residual). The study was designed in a completely randomized design with 3 replications and 6 treatments consisting of Eucalyptus oil concentration: (1) 20%; (2) 10%; (3) 5%; (4) 2.5%; (5) 1.25% and (6) control/water determined through a ranging test first. Contact application: thirty larva were sprayed with each treatment, then placed in a plastic box where ten larva were fed with fresh Graptophyllum leaves. Residual application: five treated Graptophyllum leaves were placed in a plastic box, then filled with ten larva each. Observations were carried out every day. The results showed that Eucalyptus LC50 value by contact was 0.0584 (Y = 8.39 + 2.75X), more toxic than that applied residually with an LC50 value of 3.9487 (Y = 4.51 + 0.81X). The survival rate of larva to imago was higher in the residual treatment compared to the contact.
Study of rice varieties, fertilizer application, and planting system on rice production in irrigated rice
Authors: Batubara S F , Musfal
Published: October 2023

In Indonesia, increasing rice production to achieve food security is a top priority. To maximize rice production, researchers are still looking for the best and most efficient technology. The goal of this study was to see how different rice varieties, fertilizer applications, and row planting systems affected rice production. The activities took place in Pulau Gambar village, Serba Jadi district, Serdang Bedagai regency, from April 2021 to January 2022 for two planting times (PT). PT.I used varieties of Inpari 30, 32, and Mekongga, legowo row planting system (2:1), (4:1), and Tegel, application of granulate organic fertilizer (GOF) at 400 kg ha-1, natural organic fertilizer (guano) at 100 kg ha-1, NPK fertilizer (15-15-15) at 300 kg ha-1, and Urea at 200 kg ha-1, and PT.II used varieties of Inpari 16, 32, 43, and Mekon The results showed that using Inpari 32 varieties with a combination of organic and inorganic fertilizer and a legowo 2:1 raw planting system was the best treatment for irrigated rice in North Sumatra.
The Potential and Characteristics of Genetic Resources of 7 National Superior of Shallots Varieties in Indonesia
Authors: Rachmawati D , Aisyawati L , Latifah E , Sandrakirana R , Baswarsiati
Published: October 2023

Shallots are one of strategic Indonesian commodity that has high economic value and one of the causes of inflation. Since Indonesia has released 46 superior varieties of shallots and 7 of them came from East Java. The condition before the existence of superior varieties of shallots from specific local origins in East Java, the productivity of East Java’s shallots was below 7.5 t/ha, whereas after the release of superior varieties, the productivity in 2020 was an average of 9.6 t/ha or increased 27.63%. This study was carried out from 2015 to 2018 in several East Java districts, namely Nganjuk, Probolinggo, Malang, Sumenep and Pamekasan. The research was carried out by characterizing the performance of 7 superior varieties namely Super Philip, Bauji, Batu Ijo, Biru Lancor, Rubaru, Monjung and Tajuk to determine the potential and characteristics of the seven varieties in various development locations. The research was conducted through a survey with purposive sampling. The vegetative and generative growth performance was observed according to the nature of the growth as well as the specific characteristics of each variety. The results of the plant diversity and genetic potential of the 7 superior varieties showed that each variety had specific characteristics, namely Super Philip, Biru Lancor and Tajuk suitable for planting in the dry season in the lowlands to medium with the respective productivity of 16.65 t/ha, 17.45 t/ha, 17.33 t/ha. Whereas those that are suitable for the rainy season are Bauji, Rubaru, Monjung in the low to medium lands with respective productivity of 14.25 t/ha, 14.60 t/ha and 14.40 t/ha and are tolerant of Fusarium sp., while Batu Ijo which has large tubers (15-20 g/tuber) suitable for the rainy and dry seasons in the highlands (800- 1,500 m asl), productivity 14.75 t/ha and tolerant to Fusarium sp.
Rice Growth and Physiological Response in The Salibu Cultivation System
Authors: Farhanissa B E , Hastuti E D , Izzati M , Susanti D , Riyanto A , Haryanto T A D
Published: October 2023

By expanding the harvest index from 2 to 3 or even up to 4 harvests in a year, Salibu aims to boost land production. Using the legowo cropping system, two rows of rice plants are planted together to create a large chamber that extends in one direction. In order to determine which varieties are best for rice’s Salibu and to establish a pattern of relationships between characteristics and grain weight yield per clump of rice plants, this study will examine the physiological and growth characteristics of the five rice varieties in the first Salibu of the Legowo planting system. This study used a split-plot design with four replications and a fundamental design of Fully Randomized Block Design (CRBD) in Karang Tengah Village, Purbalingga. Inpago Unsoed 1, Inpari 24, Inpari 32, Inpari 43, and Logawa were the kinds that were used. The findings demonstrated that the amount of chlorophyll, flowering duration, and panicle length were significantly influenced by variety. Stomatal density, the number of active tillers, and the number of grains were traits that were tightly connected and had a significant direct impact on yield. Consequently, these traits could be employed as selection indications for rice with high yield.
Agricultural economic concept toward earthquake and tsunami in Simeulue Island
Authors: Abus A F , Lubis T , Dewi H , Ganie R , Andika F
Published: October 2023

The agricultural economic concept comprises research and education, smallholder and rural development, project planning and administration, as well as the formulation, planning, and analysis of macro-level policies. This study was out to explain the agricultural economic theory behind project management and planning on Simeulue Island. This study used an ethnographic approach and a qualitative paradigm. The information was gathered through audio-visual recordings, in-depth interviews with Simeuluenese, and other sources. Gathering information from Simeuluense about characteristic plants that have promise as food resources, especially the major food, was the first step in developing an agricultural economic framework. The next step is to determine the connection between Simeulue island’s readiness for mitigation and the agricultural economic idea. The concept is then categorized by making an effort to grow and cultivate a typical plant. Moreover, food processing for food preservation is to be developed for the food resource. As an agricultural concept, sustainability and food security are essential regarding preservation in facing mitigation, especially for a disaster such as an earthquake or tsunami of an island which needs much time to have aid from overseas to survive on the barrier island.
In silico analysis of bioactive peptide of goat milk based on beta-casein protein
Authors: Karimah F F , Nissa N A , Kurniawan R H , Sintia R S , Azzahra S F A , Cahyadi M
Published: October 2023

The composition, interactions, and properties of bioactive peptides found in the most abundant milk protein, CSN2, are the focus of goat milk peptidomics. The peptidome of goat milk is regarded as a valuable source of a large number of biologically active peptides as well as health-promoting activities. Through data mining for bioactive peptide selection associated with current bioactive peptide data algorithms resulting in bioactive peptide profiles and visualization of three-dimensional protein structure, in silico analysis on bioinformatic approaches has led to enhancements of global knowledge regarding the health benefits of dairy products. Biological potentials for cardiovascular and nervous diseases, as well as metabolic and immune treatments, are identified using these techniques, in order to increase the commercialization of goat milk bioactive peptides as a functional food and promising natural source treatments.
Comparison of Dietary Fiber Characteristics Prepared from Cassava Pulp Using Acid-Heat Treatment and Extrusion Process
Authors: Pramana Y.S. , Yulianto A. , Paramitasari D. , Supriyanti A. , Elisa S. , Suparman
Published: October 2023

Cassava pulp is used to develop dietary fiber from prospective local resources to boost its added value and applications. Extrusion and an acid-heat treatment were used to alter cassava pulp into nutritional fiber. The goal of this study was to characterize the chemical compositions, physical-chemical functional features, and yield of dietary fiber products produced by the extrusion and acid-heat processes. Total dietary fiber (TDF) content was 89.24%, starch content was 9.7%, water holding capacity (WHC) was 12.07 g/g, oil holding capacity (OHC) was 3.99 g/g, swelling capacity (SC) was 17.8 ml/g, bulk density (BD) was 0.2 g/ml, and yield was 50% for the dietary fiber produced by the acid-heat treatment. While the extrusion process produced dietary fiber with TDF content of 50.86%, starch content of 47.28%, WHC of 9.96 g/g, OHC of 0.81 g/g, SC of 12.99 ml/g, BD of 0.6 g/ml, and a yield of 90%. Acid-heat treatment was successful in eliminating starch constituents, raising TDF, and raising WHC and OHC values. The extrusion procedure did not raise TDF or OHC and could not eliminate components of starch, however, it might increase WHC by swelling the starch granules.