bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Constitucionalismo neoliberal: La confluencia Hayek-Schmitt y su impacto en la Constitución chilena de 1980
Authors: Bustamante Gonzalo
Published: October 2024

Este artículo examina la emergencia del constitucionalismo neoliberal como una forma de régimen político distinta tanto del autoritarismo competitivo como de la democracia plena. Se argumenta que este modelo, inspirado principalmente en el pensamiento de Friedrich Hayek, pero también influenciado en su versión Ordo, por ideas de Carl Schmitt, busca establecer un gobierno de leyes (rule by law) que neutralice la voluntad ciudadana y la acción legislativa que pueda amenazar el nomos del mercado. El estudio analiza la reinterpretación hayekiana de la tradición republicana y su propuesta de una nomocracia que eleva al mercado como soberano. Se plantean dos hipótesis: primero, que la preferencia de Hayek por un autoritarismo liberal no es una excepción, sino una advertencia contra las democracias radicales; segundo, que existe una influencia conjunta, aunque a veces contradictoria, de Hayek y Schmitt en la Constitución chilena de 1980. El artículo explora las concepciones de democracia y república desde las tradiciones griega y romana, examina la reconfiguración de Hayek de estas ideas y rastrea elementos hayekianos y schmittianos en la Constitución chilena, ilustrando cómo el constitucionalismo neoliberal busca limitar la democracia para preservar un orden de mercado.Palabras clave: Constitucionalismo neoliberal, Hayek, Schmitt, Nomocracia, Democracia limitada      Neoliberal Constitutionalism: The Hayek-Schmitt Confluence and Its Impact on the Chilean Constitution of 1980AbstractThis article examines the emergence of neoliberal constitutionalism as a distinct form of political regime, situated between competitive authoritarianism and full democracy. The argument put forth is that this model, which draws primarily on the ideas of Friedrich Hayek, but also, in its Ordo version, on the concepts of Carl Schmitt, seeks to establish a rule-by-law that neutralises citizen will and legislative action that might threaten the nomos of the market. The study analyses Hayek's reinterpretation of the republican tradition and his proposal for a nomocracy that elevates the market as sovereign. Two hypotheses are proposed. The first is that Hayek's preference for liberal authoritarianism is not an exception, but a warning against radical democracies. The second is that there is a joint, though sometimes contradictory, influence of Hayek and Schmitt on the 1980 Chilean Constitution. The article examines the conceptualisation of democracy and the republican tradition in Greek and Roman thought, analyses Hayek's reconfiguration of these ideas, and traces Hayekian and Schmittian elements in the Chilean Constitution. It illustrates how neoliberal constitutionalism seeks to limit democracy in order to preserve a market order.Keywords: Neoliberal constitutionalism, Hayek, Schmitt, Nomocracy, Limited Democracy ARK CAICYT: https://id.caicyt.gov.ar/ark:/s16668979/c55k4frw7
Extremas derechas del siglo XXI en América: reacción conservadora y autoritarismo social en Chile y Argentina
Authors: Orozco Ricardo
Published: October 2024

El objetivo de este texto es problematizar la relación entre autoritarismo social y derechización de masas que actualmente se experimenta en Argentina y Chile. En el primer caso a propósito del triunfo electoral de Javier Milei, en 2023; y, en el segundo, en virtud del persistente rechazo colectivo al que fue reducido el proceso reconstituyente del Estado. En este sentido, analizando la centralidad que adquiere para ambos fenómenos la disputa por las mediaciones meta-económicas de la vida en sociedad, la finalidad que se persigue es la de visibilizar que ni uno ni otro se agotan en un determinismo de tipo economicista. Recuperando la noción clásica de autoritarismo social formulada por la filosofía política de la teoría crítica, la hipótesis de trabajo aquí defendida sostiene que, aunque las variables económicas son fundamentales para comprender la emergencia, el fortalecimiento y la consolidación de este autoritarismo y de esta derechización (sobre todo en tiempos de crisis estructural del capitalismo histórico), para uno y otra, las tensiones presentes en los campos de la cultura, la identidad, el estatus, el prestigio y el privilegio resultan igual o más importantes que el problema estrictamente económico.Palabras clave: autoritarismo social, extremas derechas, reacción conservadora, disputa política, personalidad autoritaria   The far right in the Americas: Conservative reaction and social authoritarianism in Chile and Argentina (2019-2023)Abstract The aim of this text is to problematize the relationship between social authoritarianism and mass right-wingers currently being experienced in Argentina and Chile. In the first case, in relation to Javier Milei's electoral triumph in 2023; and, in the second, by virtue of the persistent collective rejection to which the process of reconstituting the State has been reduced. In this sense, by analyzing the centrality acquired for both phenomena by the dispute over the meta-economic mediations of life in society, the purpose pursued is to make visible that neither one nor the other is exhausted in a determinism of an economicist type. Recovering the classic notion of social authoritarianism formulated by the political philosophy of critical theory, the working hypothesis defended here argues that, although economic variables are fundamental to understanding the emergence, strengthening and consolidation of this authoritarianism and of this right wing (especially in times of structural crisis of historical capitalism), for both, the tensions present in the fields of culture, identity, status, prestige and privilege are equally or more important than the strictly economic problem.Keywords: Social authoritarianism, extreme right wing, conservative reaction, political dispute, authoritarian personality. ARK CAICYT: https://id.caicyt.gov.ar/ark:/s16668979/29krryhb0
¿Es populista la derecha radical? Derivas y controversias teórico-políticas en el campo poslaclauseano
Authors: Rodríguez Uría Agustín
Published: October 2024

El presente trabajo propone una sistematización y análisis de las discusiones desarrolladas en el universo conceptual (pos) laclauseano en torno al estatuto ideológico del populismo y, más específicamente, alrededor de la posibilidad de definir como populistas a los emergentes globales de “derecha radical” que surcan el horizonte contemporáneo. Nuestro enfoque estará atravesado por un matiz teórico-político específico, diferente al propuesto por otros análisis recientes del tema (Appleton, 2022; Biglieri 2020): siguiendo ciertos lineamientos psicoanalíticos, consideramos que en el debate sobre la “cuestión populista” se cifra una querella más general en torno al estatuto del registro imaginario en la construcción de identidades políticas. Tomando este elemento como eje rector, analizamos qué criterios teóricos son movilizados para sostener la asociación entre populismo y derecha radical y cuáles para rechazarlo, así como cuáles serían las diferencias conceptuales posibles entre tales fenómenos y los denominados como “populismos de izquierda”.Palabras claves: populismo, derecha radical, neoautoritarismo, democracia, hegemonía Is the “radical right” populist? debates and controversies in the post-laclausian political theory. AbstractThe present article proposes a systematization and analysis of the discussions developed in the (post)laclausian conceptual universe around the ideological status of populism and, more specifically, around the possibility of defining as populists the emerging global “radical right” that cross the contemporary horizon. Our approach will be crossed by a specific theoretical-political emphasis different from that proposed by other recent analyzes of the topic (Appleton, 2022; Biglieri 2020): following certain psychoanalytic guidelines, We consider that the debate on the “populist question” is framed by a more general discussion about the status of the imaginary register in the construction of political identities. Taking this element as the guiding axis, we analyze which theoretical criterion are mobilized to sustain the association between populism and the radical right and which to reject it, as well as what would also be the possible conceptual differences between such political processes and those called “left-wing populisms”.Key words: Populism, radical right, neo-authoritarianism, democracy, hegemony ARK CAICYT: https://id.caicyt.gov.ar/ark:/s16668979/oy7vvs8we
Korelasi Suhu, pH, TSS Terhadap Pengukuran Parameter Besi Di Sumur Pantau TPA Dengan Minitab 17®
Authors: Endi Adriansyah  , M. Syaiful
Published: October 2024

Lindi merupakan cairan akibat masuknya air hujan ke dalam sampah yang dapat membuat rembesan ke dalam air sumur atau perairan sekitar. Air lindi juga bisa merembes ke sumur di sekitar TPA. Pengukuran air di sumur pantau membutukan analisa secara laboratorium, dibutuhkan analisa yang cepat dan murah untuk mengukur air sumur pantau TPA. Pengukuran dapat dilakukan, seperti Suhu, pH, TSS, dan Besi. Penelitian ini menggunakan software Minitab 17®. Minitab 17® adalah aplikasi untuk menganalisis data statistik untuk menemukan hubungan antara parameter. Tujuan Penelitian ini mengetahui hubungan Suhu, pH, dan TSS terhadap besi dalam lindi. Dari hasil penelitian Parameter air sumur pantau menunjukan suatu trend positif apabila parameter Suhu, pH dan TSS naik, maka parameter besi ikut naik juga, dan terdapat nilai koefisien determinasi R-Squared 79,63% dengan standar deviasi 0,05 yang tinggi dan bisa diterima untuk semua hubungan menggunakan aplikasi Minitab 17®.
Pengelolaan Penyimpanan Bahan Kimia Berbahaya dan Beracun pada Water Treatment Plant PLTU 3x10 MW (PT. BEST)
Authors: Muhammad Abdul Ghony  , Rendy Mahessa Dwi Putra  , Monica Kharisma Tama
Published: October 2024

Bahan kimia berbahaya dan beracun (B3) adalah elemen yang tak terpisahkan dari kehidupan manusia, digunakan dalam berbagai sektor mulai dari keperluan rumah tangga hingga mendukung operasional industri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan wawasan tentang pengelolaan penyimpanan B3 yang efisien, aman, dan selamat. Kecelakaan kerja yang melibatkan B3 dapat berdampak serius pada kesehatan pekerja dan lingkungan sekitarnya, seperti keracunan, kerusakan atau pencemaran lingkungan, kerugian materi, bahkan korban jiwa. Para pekerja di industri yang memanfaatkan atau menghasilkan B3 selalu dihadapkan pada risiko dari bahan ini. Secara umum, B3 meliputi zat beracun, korosif, mudah terbakar, mudah meledak, reaktif terhadap air atau asam, dan gas bertekanan. Kecelakaan dapat terjadi akibat faktor manusia, prosedur atau metode, serta peralatan atau bahan yang digunakan. Faktor manusia, terutama kurangnya pengetahuan tentang potensi bahaya, menjadi penyebab utama kecelakaan. Dengan pengelolaan penyimpanan B3 yang baik, pekerja dapat lebih mudah mengidentifikasi B3 yang disimpan, sehingga keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja dapat dijaga, dan lingkungan tetap terlindungi.
Transformación Educativa, integrando la inteligencia artificial en la Educación Superior
Authors:   https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6552-628X, Clery Aguirre Arturo Guillermo , Vera Solórzano José Luis , Espinosa Izquierdo Jaime Gabriel , Sánchez Paredes Carlos Eduardo , Salazar Cedeño Rommel Ulises , Samaniego Zamora Manuel Israel , Chong Chila Stalin Paolo , Gallegos Vargas Mayra Emerita
Published: October 2024

En la actual era digital, la educación superior está experimentando una transformación significativa. La integración de la tecnología en la educación ha abierto nuevas oportunidades tanto para estudiantes como para educadores. Sin embargo, esta transformación digital también presenta desafíos que deben abordarse. Este texto explorará el impacto de la digitalización en la educación superior, los desafíos de contextualizar la educación superior en la era digital y las estrategias para abordar estos desafíos.
Midwifery in Turkey within the Framework of The Areas of Competence and Proficiency: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Uncu Betül , Gökçek Ayşe İrem , Beyazgül Sevgi , Dinç Kaya Hüsniye
Published: October 2024

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the proficiency and competence of the midwifery profession in Turkiye through the eyes of midwives, academic midwives, student midwives, and women receiving care from midwives.
Methods: This research is qualitative research conducted using the phenomenological research design. The interviews were conducted on an online platform. The sample group was selected through purposive sampling and was completed using the individual in-depth interview technique with 20 participants. The study was reported according to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) checklist.
Results: Data saturation was reached because of interviewing 20 participants. The transcripts of the interviews were systematically examined, and the study results were gathered around the areas of competence and proficiency determined. Within the framework of these main themes, competence in midwifery is included under the headings of "Public Health," "Pregnancy," "Birth," "Postpartum," "Newborn," and "Women and Counseling." Proficiency in midwifery is included under the headings of "General Qualification," "Before Pregnancy," "Pregnancy and Antenatal," "Childbirth and Care During Childbirth," and "Continuous Care for Woman and Newborn." An intense/strong relationship was detected between the main themes.
Conclusion: As a result, it was revealed that the most emphasis was placed on the proficiency and competence of midwives related to childbirth. It can be stated that the study results will shed light on the health policies in different areas to be developed for the midwifery profession in Türkiye.
Analysis of the Midwifery Profession According to the Fields of Philosophy: Qualitative Study
Authors: Şener Nilay , Tanrıverdi Fatma Şule , Kaya Nurten
Published: October 2024

Objective: Philosophy contributes to the formation of new strategies by affecting the development of questioning ability. Philosophy should be utilized to question the current situation and develop new strategies in midwifery. The study analyzes the midwifery profession according to the fields of philosophy, ontology, epistemology, and axiology.
Methods: The qualitative type of research is conducted between May 20, 2021, and August 30, 2021. The research is carried out with 12 participants who were selected by the maximum diversity sampling technique. The data are collected face-to-face with the participant information form and the semi-structured interview form. The data recorded during the interview is evaluated thematically through content analysis.
Results: In the research, three themes are identified: professional health discipline from an ontological point of view; development of midwifery knowledge and practices from an epistemological point of view; and professional and individual values from an axiological point of view.
Conclusion: In this study, it is stated that the midwifery profession is essential and sacred, that it should have professional knowledge and updated literature, and that women should be with them every period since birth.
The Identity of Motherhood Transformed by Social Media: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Aker Sema , Aydın Kartal Yasemin , Bulut Aleyna , Hızlıol Büşra
Published: October 2024

Objective: This qualitative study was conducted to examine the effect of social media use on women's mothering roler and childcare attitudes.
Methods: The study group for this research was determined using the criterion sampling method, which is a purposeful sampling method. The sample consisted of 27 women who actively use social media and have children between the ages of 0-6. Data were collected using an “Introductory Information Form” and a “Semi-structured Interview Form”. Data analysis was conducted using Colaizzi's phenomenological interpretation method.
Results: The mean age of the women who participated in the study was 32.03+4.89 years. It was determined that 96.3% of the women used Instagram, 63% used Youtube, and 40.7% used Twitter, and they spent an average of 1-3 hours daily on these sites. It was determined that the mothers who participated in the study mostly sought help from their own mothers and close environment (70.4%), web browsers (22.2%), social media (14.8%) and health personnel (7.4%), respectively, as a solution approach when they encountered a situation or problem they did not know about child care. It was determined that the working mothers (59.3%) who participated in the study had a sense of guilt and inadequacy due to the perception of super motherhood created by the social media accounts they followed, and therefore, they were more lenient, soft and ignored the error in the care approach of their own children.
Conclusion: Guidance for parents on accessing reliable health information and proactive use of social media by health care providers to promote healthy decisions is an important requirement of our age.
Development of the COVID-19 Stigma Perception Scale
Authors: Kant Elif , Balcı Akpınar Reva , İpekçoban Gülay
Published: October 2024

Objective: The aim of this study is to develop a valid and reliable measurement tool to be used to determine the stigma perception experienced by individuals with COVID-19 during the disease process.
Methods: The study was conducted in the methodological research type. The data of the study were collected with the draft COVID-19 Stigma Perception Scale developed by the researchers between March and June 2021. The study included 316 individuals who had COVID-19 disease.
Results: Explanatory and Confirmatory factor analysis was used to evaluate the scale’s factor structure, yielding a 3-dimensional structure that explained 47.76 per cent of the overall variation. The compatibility values of the scale were found as X2/Sd =2.17, RMSEA= .060, SRMR=.05, NFI =.80, CFI = .90, GFI =.85, AGFI= .80 and TLI = .90. Internal consistency, two-half reliability analyses, and item analyses were conducted to be able to determine the reliability of the scale, as a result of which adequacy was attained for the reliability of the scale.
Conclusion: As a result of this research, it has been determined that and 37-item scale developed to evaluate the perception of COVID-19 stigma is both a valid and reliable measurement tool. This scale should be tested and used for different languages and cultures.
Üreme Özerkliği Ölçeği’nin Türkçe Geçerlik ve Güvenirliği
Authors: Özyön Eda , Koçak Vesile , Ege Emel
Published: October 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışma Üreme Özerkliği Ölçeğinin geçerlik ve güvenirliğinin sağlamak amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntemler: Metodolojik çalışma türü benimsenmiştir. Orijinal ölçek sahibinden izin alındıktan sonra dil ve kapsam geçerliği yapılan ölçek 18-60 yaş arası 386 kadın katılımcıya uygulanmıştır. Yapı geçerliği için açıklayıcı faktör analizi, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılan çalışmanın güvenirlik analizleri yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ki-kare/sd ‘ı mükemmel uyum (2,394); GFI değerinin, iyi uyum (0,943); AGFI değerinin, iyi uyum (0,916), RMSEA değerinin, iyi uyum (0,060); CFI değerinin, iyi uyum (0,946) gösterdiği bulunmuştur. Orijinal ölçekle benzer şekilde üç alt boyuttan oluşan ölçeğin Cronbach Alfa katsayısı “Karar Verme” alt ölçeği için ,650, “Baskıya Karşı Koyma” alt ölçeği için ,840, “İletişim” alt ölçeği için ,783 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Tüm ölçek toplam Cronbach Alfa iç tutarlık katsayısı değeri ise ,84 olarak ölçeğin geçerli ve güvenilir olduğu gösterilmiştir.
Sonuç: Ölçeğin Türkiye de yaşayan kadınlarda geçerli ve güvenilir olduğu saptanmıştır.
Gebelikte Sigara Kullanımının Emzirme Motivasyonuna Etkisi
Authors: Eryılmaz Mehriban , Çoban Ayden
Published: October 2024

Amaç: Bu araştırma gebelikte sigara kullanımının emzirme motivasyonunu nasıl etkilediğini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntemler: Araştırma vaka kontrol tipinde 01.10.2018-31.05.2019 tarihler arasında, Aydın İl Sağlık Müdürlüğüne bağlı 2, 12 ve 13 No’lu Aile Sağlığı Merkezlerine başvuran 4-6 aylık bebeği olan toplam 480 primipar anne ile yürütülmüştür. Verilerin toplanmasında “Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu” ve “Emzirme Motivasyonu Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Veriler araştırmacı tarafından yüz yüze görüşme yöntemi ile toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler tanımlayıcı istatistikler, X2 testi, t-test ve Mann Whitney U testi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Kontrol grubundaki annelerin yaş ortalaması 27,21±5,15, %45,8’inin ilköğretim mezunu olduğu, %82,9’unun çalışmadığı, vaka grubundaki annelerin ise yaş ortalaması 28,20±5,33, %39,6’sının üniversite mezunu olduğu, %85,4’ünün çalışmadığı belirlenmiştir. Kontrol ve vaka grubundaki annelerin yaş, eşinin yaşı, çalışma durumu ve eşinin çalışma durumu, evlilik yaşı ve eşi ile ilişki düzeyi arasındaki fark incelendiğinde, gruplar arasında anlamlı düzeyde fark olmadığı ve grupların benzer olduğu saptanmıştır (p>,05). Yapılan istatistiksel analiz sonucunda vaka ve kontrol grupları arasında; Emzirme Motivasyonu Ölçeği alt boyutlarından “içsel motivasyon ve özdeşleşmiş düzenleme”, “içe yansıtılmış düzenleme-toplumsal onaylama” ve “dışsal düzenlemeler-ek yararlar” puan ortalamaları arasında anlamlı fark olduğu (p<,05), “bütünleşmiş düzenleme” ve “içe yansıtılmış düzenleme-toplumsal baskı” boyutları arasında fark olmadığı (p>,05) saptanmıştır.
Sonuç: Bu çalışmada elde edilen veriler ışığında gebeliğinde sigara kullanan annelerin emzirme motivasyonları gebeliğinde sigara kullanmayan annelerle kıyaslandığında; otonom motivasyon ve kontrollü motivasyon alanlarında farklılıklar olduğu ve gebelikte sigara kullanımının emzirme motivasyonunu etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Gebelerde E-Sağlık Okuryazarlığı ile Sağlıklı Yaşam Davranışları Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: Yılar Erkek Zümrüt , Öztürk Altınayak Serap
Published: October 2024

Amaç: Gebelik süreci annelerde sağlıklı yaşam davranış değişikliği açısından kilit rol oynamaktadır. Çalışma gebelerde e-sağlık okuryazarlığı ile sağlıklı yaşam davranışları arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı tasarımlı çalışma Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Sağlık Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Anabilim Dalına bağlı birimlerde 15.01-15.07.2023 tarihleri arasında yürütülmüştür. Çalışma verileri; Kişisel Bilgi Formu, E-Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği ve Gebelikte Sağlıklı Yaşam Davranışları Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır.
Bulgular: Gebelerin Gebelikte Sağlıklı Yaşam Davranışları Ölçeği alt boyutlarından puan ortalamalarının; Gebelik sorumluluğu 18,03±2,75, Hijyen 18,19±2,34, Beslenme 32,31±6,05, Fiziksel aktivite 10,25±3,05, Seyahat 19,30±4,96, Gebeliği kabullenme 17,36±3,23 ve ölçek toplamının ise 115,71±15,80 olduğu saptanmıştır. Gebelerin E-Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği puan ortalamasının 27,69±7,45 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Gebelerin Gebelikte Sağlıklı Yaşam Davranışları Ölçeği ve alt boyutları puan ortalamaları ile E-Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği puan ortalamaları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve pozitif yönde bir ilişki bulunmuştur (p<,05).
Sonuç: Çalışmada gebelerin gebelikte sağlıklı yaşam davranışlarının oldukça yüksek; e-sağlık okuryazarlık düzeylerinin ise ortalamanın üstünde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Gebelerin e-sağlık okuryazarlık düzeylerinin sağlıklı yaşam davranışlarını olumlu yönde etkilediği görülmüştür. Bu noktada web sayfalarının ulaşılabilir, güvenli ve içeriği konusunda çok dikkatli olunması önerilmektedir.
Relationship Between Optional General and Regional Anesthesia Applied to Patients Undergoing Cesarean Section and Sleep Quality
Authors: Albayrak Tuna , Bayrak Nurten Gülsüm , Albayrak Mehmet , Tekgündüz Sibel
Published: October 2024

Objective: This study aimed to explore the association between anesthesia type (spinal or general) administered during cesarean section and subsequent sleep quality in women.
Methods: This study conducted from April to August 2023, it involved 150 pregnant participants evenly split between spinal and general anesthesia groups. Patient categorization was based on the type of anesthesia received. Data collection utilized a combination of a Demographic Information and Postpartum Period Survey form, along with the Postpartum Sleep Quality Scale (PSQS). Demographic and clinical details were gathered and compared between the two anesthesia groups.
Results: Indicated a higher level of education among the spinal anesthesia group (p < .01). Significant differences were also observed between the groups concerning economic status and number of deliveries (p < .01 and p = .01, respectively). Interestingly, patients who underwent general anesthesia exhibited a notably higher total sleep score, demonstrating a statistically significant difference (p < .01). Weak but statistically significant positive correlations were found between age and number of deliveries, while a weak negative correlation was noted for economic status.
Conclusion: Our results indicated that age and general anesthesia were the independent risk factors affecting postpartum sleep quality. Given the increasing trend of women giving birth at alate age, health professionals, particularly midwives, need to be aware of the increased risk of poor sleep quality and should provide suitable advice.
The Comparative Efficacy of Intravenous Ibuprofen 400 mg and 800 mg in Acute Mechanical Low Back Pain: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind Clinical Study
Authors: Dönmez Safa , Tekin Erdal , Erdem Ahmet Burak , Şener Alp , Tümer Miray , Yılmaz Mehmet , Işık Nurullah İshak , Ozlu İbrahim
Published: October 2024

Objective: This study aimed to compare the analgesic efficacy of intravenous (IV) ibuprofen at doses of 400 mg and 800 mg for acute mechanical low back pain.
Methods: A Prospective, randomized, double-blind controlled clinical trial design was employed. Patients with moderate to severe acute low back pain were recruited from emergency departments. Ethical approval was obtained, and patients provided written consent. The study adhered to ethical guidelines and Good Clinical Practice principles.
Results: Of the 144 patients, demographic characteristics were similar between groups. The 800 mg IV ibuprofen group demonstrated superior analgesic efficacy compared to the 400 mg group, with no significant adverse effects reported.
Conclusion: The study concludes that the 800 mg IV dose of ibuprofen was more effective in providing analgesia control for patients with acute mechanical low back pain at all time intervals except for the 30th minute.
Normal Doğum Yapan Kadınların Doğum Deneyimlerini Etkileyen Faktörlere Yönelik Görüşleri: Nitel Çalışma
Authors: Keten Edis Elif
Published: October 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışma vajinal doğum yapan kadınların doğum deneyimlerini etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür.
Yöntemler: Bu araştırma tanımlayıcı fenomenolojik tasarımdadır. Çalışma Ocak - Haziran 2023 tarihleri arasında vajinal doğum yapan 17 kadın ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma verileri yarı yapılandırılmış form kullanılarak yapılan derinlemesine bireysel görüşmeler yoluyla toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tematik analiz kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Verilerin analizi sonucunda; “Normal doğum algısını etkileyen faktörler” ve “Olumlu doğum deneyimleri; Güvenilir ve destekleyici bakım” temaları belirlenmiştir. “Normal doğum algısını etkileyen faktörler” teması “Daha önceki doğum deneyimleri”, “Doğum anında yaşanan sorunlar” ve “Sağlık profesyonelleriyle iletişim” alt temalarından; “Olumlu doğum deneyimleri; Güvenilir ve destekleyici bakım” teması “Saygı ve önemsenme”, “Yalnız olmadığını hissetme”, “Güler yüzlü, içten yaklaşım” ve “Cesaret verme” alt temalarından oluşmuştur.
Sonuç: Daha önceki doğum deneyimlerinin, doğumda yapılan müdahalelerin, destekleyici bakım ve iletişim şeklinin kadınların doğum deneyimleri üzerinde etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Evaluation of the Efficiency of Long-Term Care Services in OECD Countries by DEA Method
Authors: Sevim Ferit , Şenol Osman , Akbulut Fevzi
Published: October 2024

Objective: This research aims to measure the efficiency of health services by using health indicators of OECD countries, to determine inefficiencies of countries that are not at the efficient border, to calculate idle use, and to determine super-efficiency values of countries at active borders.
Methods: In the research, DEA was conducted using an input-oriented CCR model to measure the performance of the OECD countries in 2019, the last year before the pandemic. In the research, three input and two output variables were used. R Studio package programs were used for the analysis of research data.
Results: It is seen that the productivity average of 15 countries is 0.81. 5 out of 16 countries have been identified as active. Finally, it has been determined that Hungary, with a super-efficiency value of 17.18, can still be on an efficient border even if it increases its input amounts 16 times.
Conclusion: A notable observation is that some OECD countries with developed economies allocate substantial resources to long-term care services, and their capacities are at sufficiently high levels. It is recommended that low-productivity countries should reduce the idle use of input resources to increase their productivity.
IMPACT OF Ca DOPING ON THE STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF La1-XCaXFe0.5Mn0.5O3
Authors:   Department of Physics, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam, Tran T.A.
Published: October 2024

A series of perovskite compounds La1-xCaxFe0.5Mn0.5O3 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8 and 0.9) were synthesized using the conventional ceramic method. The influence of the Ca-doping on the crystal structure of these compounds was studied using was investigated through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman scattering spectroscopy. XRD analysis revealed that all the samples crystallize in an orthorhombic structure with the Pbnm space group. The variation in lattice parameters, bond lengths and bond angles created by the difference in valence state and ion size due to the Ca-doping leads to the distortion and tilt of octahedra in the samples.
CURRENT OSCILLATIONS IN IMPURITY SEMICONDUCTORS WITH BOTH SIGNS OF CURRENT CARRIERS IN THE PRESENCE OF AN EXTERNAL ELECTRIC FIELD, A TEMPERATURE GRADIENT AND A WEAK MAGNETIC FIELD (μ_± H<<C)
Authors:   Institute of Physics, Ministry of Science and Education, Baku, Azerbaijan, Mansurova E.O.
Published: October 2024

It is theoretically shown for the first time that in an external electric and weak magnetic fields, when there is a temperature gradient, an impurity semiconductor radiates energy from itself with a certain frequency. The values of the frequency of current oscillations and the limit of change of the external electric field are found. It is shown that the resistance in the medium has only ohmic character. It is stated that in the above semiconductor, when the concentration of electrons and holes are determined from the obtained expression in theory, the injection of contacts plays a major role for the appearance of the indicated current oscillation in the circuit.
The laser as alternative in the treatment Ofonicocriptosises
Authors: Montero Alfonso Yuniet , López Santa Cruz Dámasa Irene , Figueredo Mesa Yerina , Chirino Balbosa Manuel Emilio
Published: October 2024

Introduction: laser therapy was a therapeutic medical treatment using light of a single coherent wavelength. It was applied to injuries to improve wound healing and soft tissue healing, reduce inflammation, and relieve acute and chronic pain. The objective of this article is to describe the usefulness of Red Point laser in onychocryptosis.Method: a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Carlos J. Finlay Military Hospital from November 2018 to February 2019. The selected sample consisted of 40 patients with the presence of onychocryptosis in the first and second stage of the lesion.Results: patients with the presence of onychocryptosis in the first and second stage of the lesion were studied, two groups were formed; Psychological treatment was applied to both groups and then Infrared Spot Laser sessions were applied.Conclusions: it was demonstrated that the combination of psychological treatment with physical means provides a minimally invasive and effective alternative in the treatment of onychocryptosis, in the first and second stages
Evaluation of the influence of athlete neural activity patterns on the dynamic index of leaping ability using data mining techniques
Authors: Liu Lai , Dong Yan
Published: October 2024

There are many dynamic indicators of jumping ability, and the athlete’s neural activity pattern is an important factor in regulating limb activities. This article uses data mining technology to collect, preprocess, data modeling and analysis, and data visualization of dynamic index data of athletes’ neural activity patterns of jumping ability. The results show that the jumping ability of athletes with higher neural activity intensity increased significantly after training to around 40 cm–50 cm, while athletes with lower neural activity intensity did not change significantly and remained around 30 cm–35 cm. The overall learning ability of athletes with higher levels of neural activity improved by about 10 cm, and the base of neural activity also increased significantly. It shows that there is a significant correlation between the intensity of neural activity and dynamic indicators of jumping ability, which is the main driving force for athletes’ jumping explosive power. The research results can help formulate reasonable and scientific training methods to improve athletes’ jumping ability and overall sports level.
Advanced resistance exercise combined with aerobic rehabilitation training on cardiopulmonary function
Authors: Liu Qiannan , Zhang Yiqiao
Published: October 2024

Chronic diseases are the number one killer in the world today, and the most common cause of chronic diseases is lack of exercise. Research on the application of artificial intelligence technology in the medical field can shorten the distance between clinical best practice and practical application, and promote the standardized management of clinicians according to specifications. In this paper, three different exercise methods, continuous aerobic, anaerobic, and control, were used to conduct a 12-week study. This paper discussed the effects of three different forms of exercise on the body shape, body composition, and metabolism of patients with chronic diseases, and discussed the intervention effects of the same exercise mode in different periods (0–6 weeks, 6–12 weeks), to provide a theoretical basis for more effective and targeted choice of exercise intervention programs. Through training load, training frequency, training sequence, training interval, and other factors, a training plan can be designed. To avoid mistakes, experts often try to do some items that are prone to mistakes, especially lung function measurement. The scores of self-care, extraction, standing, occupation/housework, social activities, and total scores were significantly lower than those before intervention (P < 0.01). Advanced resistance kinetic energy can significantly improve the exercise and cardiopulmonary function of patients with various types of chronic diseases. Advanced resistance kinetic energy can significantly promote the strength and explosive force of the shoulder, waist, and back muscles in chronic patients, and can significantly promote the muscle adaptability of the shoulder, waist, and back muscles in chronic patients.
Regional integration in Southern Africa: Evidence from the Southern African Development Community (SADC)
Authors: Mahadew Bhavna
Published: October 2024

This article provides an informative review of regional integration in Southern Africa by drawing lessons and evidence from the Southern African Development Community (SADC). It provides for a review of literature on the SADC from a regional integration perspective. SADC has expanded into a more expansive regional organisation in response to the challenges faced in the 1990s, and it currently includes South Africa, the region’s superpower. Furthermore, trade integration is receiving more attention, despite not being a main debate point at the Southern African Development Co-Ordinating Conference (SADCC). The SADC Trade Protocol has been decisive in trade integration. The purpose of the Protocol is to ensure that companies operating in each of the nations in the region may fairly compete to service the 150 million customers that comprise the market as a whole. It is anticipated that regional free trade will increase the likelihood of economic growth, increase intra-SADC commercial activity, create jobs, and elevate the standard of living for SADC residents.
Financial expenditure, financial friction, and coal consumption for energy efficient environment: Role of financial inclusion
Authors: Iqbal Nadeem , Akmal Zeeshan
Published: October 2024

This research investigates the crucial role that adaptability and ongoing evaluation have in implementing sustainable energy and economic development strategies in China. It emphasises the need for collaboration between enterprises, governmental organisations, and academic institutions in order to achieve these goals. The study also discusses how financial inclusion impacts economic growth and stability and how energy-intensive companies might use the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) approach to evaluate energy decomposition. The findings indicate that different provinces in China’s high energy-intensive (EI) economic sectors have different degrees of energy efficiency, with certain regions possibly having inefficiencies. The research underscores the need for targeted strategies to address these inefficiencies and disseminate efficacious approaches in new settings. The research also offers useful data that may be used to promote sustainable energy consumption and economic growth, with implications for policy-making and strategic initiatives. In summary, this paper presents specific policy recommendations and highlights the need for ongoing evaluation and collaboration to support China’s sustainable energy initiatives and economic growth.
Genesis and evolution of parallel economies during the Syrian crisis: A political economy view
Authors: Igor Matveev
Published: October 2024

A highly internationalized domestic armed conflict in Syria, active since 2011, has caused deep territorial fragmentation, accompanied by the genesis of numerous parallel economies. Those include the economy of the self-proclaimed “Kurdish autonomy” encompassing the northeast, partially the north and the east of the country, as well as the historical transboundary criminal-terrorist economy of the “Islamic State of Syria and the Levant” (ISIL or ISIS) (this organization is banned in the Russian Federation), which existed during 2014–2019 in Iraq and Syria, the economy of “the Turkish occupation zone” in the north, and finally the economy of the part of the north-western Idlib province, remaining under control of the radical Syrian opposition. Unlike the previous materials on the Syrian conflict published in Russia and abroad, the author analyzes parallel economies from the angle of political economy, i.e., the “state-economy-individual” trichotomy, using current and retrospective lenses. In addition to a scope of Russian, English, and Arabic resources and literature, he uses the data obtained empirically during his previous stint as a senior diplomat at the Russian Embassy in Damascus. In certain cases the reviews are illustrated by the statistics. The article covers the genesis and evolution of parallel economies, including the phenomena of divided cities and siege economies, highlighting the restrictions on the access of the central authorities to the state borders and the dissolution of transport and communications. Besides, it analyses the external orientations of parallel economies, in many cases being tied more to the neighbor states (Türkiye, Iraq) than the rest of Syria. In conclusion, the author compares the levels of sustainability of the parallel economies in Syria in the light of perspectives for national economic reintegration. Which could be important not in scientific terms only but as a practical imperative for seeking the modalities of a peaceful settlement of the Syrian crisis as well.
The Financial Challenges of Developing Countries for Climate Change Mitigation and Sustainable Development Under UN Agenda 2030
Authors: Muslim Hamdiyah Shakir
Published: October 2024

The study seeks to analyze the financial obstacles confronting poor nations in mitigating the effects of climate change and shifting towards sustainable development trajectories, as outlined in the 2030 Agenda. The paper examines Iraq to highlight difficulties and possibilities pertinent to its context, while the analysis and policy implications extend to several other nations in other areas with analogous concerns. The study employs a quantitative analytical methodology using secondary data on sustainable development indicators, emissions, mortality rates, and finance sources for a sample of 18 developing nations from 2010 to 2020, together with projected data for specific economic indicators extending to 2050. The findings indicate that emerging nations, particularly impoverished ones, would encounter the most significant dangers from climate change while not being accountable for its causation. Developing nations are experiencing escalating environmental concerns due to climate change, including floods, droughts, pollution, desertification, and declining water levels. Consequently, these nations must intensify their efforts to address these difficulties and develop measures to safeguard the environment and natural resources. Numerous developing nations depend significantly on the agricultural sector for revenue and employment, confronting emerging difficulties from climate change that result in diminished agricultural output and land degradation, impacting food security and the local economy. Climate change may adversely affect emerging nations' economies, leading to agricultural land degradation and heightened expenses for infrastructure reconstruction.
Istihalah and Its Impacts on Food According to the Islamic Perspective
Authors: Al-Shiha Ahmed Abdel Aziz , Kashim Mohd Izhar Ariff bin Mohd , Mohamad Mohd Nasran , Hasim Nur Asmadayana
Published: October 2024

Issues related to istihalah (transformation) are not only limited to matters of food and drink, but they are also concerned with the purity rulings of a human-need product in Islam. Nevertheless, this matter becomes more prevalent today when science and technology move forward swiftly with the latest diverse products. It has dramatically shifted the original form of food production through modern biotechnology methods, mixing ingredients from animal sources in food until it alters its original properties to new physical features such as cake, cultured meat, and genetically modified food. Following the realisation of the extensive mixing of halal and haram ingredients, the contemporary fatwa is being discussed among scholars in the food and beverage industry. Therefore, this research aimed to examine the process of istihalah that takes place, which can be categorised as istihalah tammah (perfect transformation) or istihalah naqisah (incomplete transformation), as well as explore the impacts on food that has gone through the process of istihalah. Next, the study also intended to examine the rulings of food that change in terms of properties, taste, smell, colour, physicality, and chemistry. The statements of fiqh scholars have been quoted and studied to address this concern. The analysis used a qualitative method by collecting sources from the Quran and Sunnah and the ijtihad of scholars obtained from reading such books as fiqh, food science, and websites. Ultimately, the study data substantiated that the process of istihalah is permissible in Islam if it is istihalah tammah and totally met. Nonetheless, deciding the halal status of a food product that has gone through istihalah is tricky because the PCR process in the laboratory needs to be done to confirm that the study results are authentic.
Addressing the Practice of Religious Tolerance by Panji Gumilang (In the studies of Wahbah Az-Zuhaili and Quraish Shihab)
Authors: Fauzi Mualik , Husna Rifqatul
Published: October 2024

Studying the subject of religious tolerance is always fascinating. This research holds a significant place in the field of religion studies because to the fluctuations in relationships between religious groups throughout different regions of the world, including Indonesia. Numerous Islamic scholars, particularly those who study tafsir, attempt to define tolerance normatively by drawing on passages from the Quran. Wahbah al-Zuhayli is a modern scholar who takes tolerance very seriously. Al-Zuhayli's interpretation, while methodologically sound, generally adopts the methodology of ancient ulama literature. But the issue of tolerance that he highlights stems from the social reality that religious communities currently inhabit. Al-Zuhayli opens his discussion on tolerance by elucidating the notion of wasatiyyah al-Islam, or Islamic moderation. Al-Zuhayli then categorized the four primary themes of tolerance found in the Koran. First, the interactions amongst the Samawi faiths. Forming a moderate and tolerant mindset is made possible by the heavenly religion's shared core doctrines. The second is the freedom to select one's religion. This point demonstrates how Islamic law upholds the Ri'ayah al-Din concept. The third is the ban on inciting hate. Fourth, the advice to put justice first and the outlawing of acts of terror. Each and every person is entitled to protection for their soul's freedom. According to Al-Zuhayli's perspective, religious groups generally get along well and are tolerant of one another. This is also a scientific refutation of the violent ideologies that radical organizations frequently advance.