bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Activity of Opposition Telegram Channels and Behavioral Factor of Google Users as a Research Method for Analyzing the Protests in Belarus in 2020
Authors: Nagornyak Kirill Ivanovich
Published: March 2021

The protests in the Republic of Belarus in August-November 2020 have been studied in article on the basis of data from Telegram Analytics and Google Trends, based on structural and functional analysis and a network approach, have been studied. A method of determining the cycles of protest activity is proposed, according to which Belarusian events can be divided into weekly periods. Specified protests are denoted as a network revolution - a state coup technology based on the concept of isolating the pillars of support for the political regime - he consistent paralysis of the states protection and management bodies, as well as the use of Internet resources for the mobilization, communication and coordination of protesters. The organizers of the network revolution have planned two options for the development of the state coup. The first one is the creation of a permanent hotbed of protests in the center of the capital and the gradual isolation of the pillars of support of the regime. The second one is holding a series of decentralized actions followed by consolidation and formation of a permanent hotbed of protests in the center of the capital and major cities. The experience of the events in Belarus showed that if the pillars of support for the regime are maintained, namely the bodies of state management and the institutions of internal protection of the Interior Ministry, the KGB, protests subside on the second week of protests.
Eurasianism and geopolitics: Social mythologemes of space
Authors: Radkevich K. V. , Shabaga A. V.
Published: March 2021

The article considers the origins of Eurasianism as a Russian social doctrine that emerged as an answer to the Western geopolitical concepts, in particular of the Anglo-Saxon and German geopolitical schools. Both concepts serve to justify social institutions and associations based on the difference between the spaces of the Eastern and Western parts of Eurasia. The authors argue that geopolitics of both the Western-European and Eastern-European types is based on mythologemes which claim to be of scientific importance but are not capable of achieving this status. The article shows that both theories claim (1) the invention of an ideal timeless homeland of society on the basis of a mythological interpretation of space; (2) possession of sacred knowledge (through the sacralization of space) which is actually profane. The key difference between Western geopolitical schools (Anglo-Saxon and German) and Eurasianism is the proposed connection between space and a specific society. Geopolitics proceeds from the constant spatial opposition as a factor of social-political competition. The geopolitical assessment of reality is based on the need to attack the alien space due to its initial, natural hostility. The geopolitical hostility and even aggressiveness contradicts the defensive nature of Eurasianism which declares that space unites peoples with similar values; therefore, their societies should defend their space of development from the encroachments of the Western countries. Thus, Atlanticism as a global project of the contemporary Western geopolitics fundamentally contradicts Eurasianism which does not accept hegemonism and supports the principle of a multipolar world; today, the level of conflict between these projects is not high, although there are no prospects for this conflict resolution.
Employment precarization as a factor of wages differentiation and social wellbeing
Authors: Kuchenkova A. V.
Published: March 2021

Employment conditions (form of labor relations, social security, (un)stability of wages, informal payments, etc.) are a key factor of the social-economic differentiation in the contemporary Russian society, which determines the need to clarify the relationship between the workers position in the labor market and ones earnings. There are many empirical assessments of wage losses for various types of non-standard employment (informal, temporary, part-time, casual, etc.); however, each type is just one manifestation of precarization (as non-guaranteed and unstable employment), which does not present this phenomenon in general. The author considers the relationship between precarization and wages. Based on the data of the all-Russian survey of the working population (2018), the author argues that not all but some features of precarization (lack of indefinite term employment agreement, sick leave and vacation pay) are associated with a lower salary; only a high level of precarization (three or more its features together) significantly reduces wages. Despite the fact that this relationship is partly mediated by the level of education of the employee, precarization still has an independent negative impact on wages. Groups of workers with a high and low level of precarization are heterogeneous in wages which can compensate for the disadvantages of the unstable and non-guaranteed employment situation. Thus, workers can be divided into four groups according to their employment precarization and salaries, which determine their social well-being. The unstable group with wages below average shows the lowest level of subjective well-being and social optimism both in life in general and in assessing the labor sphere. The unstable group with wages above the average declares a lower level of social well-being than the stable group with wages below the average, i.e., higher wages do not compensate for the negative consequences of precarious employment which worsens social well-being even provided wages above the average.
Coding Knots by T-Graphs
Authors: Biryukov O. N.
Published: March 2021

In this paper, knots are considered as smooth embeddings of a circle into 3 defined by their flat diagrams. We propose a new method of coding knots by T-graphs describing the torsion structure on a flat diagram. For this method of coding, we introduce conceptions of a cycle and a block and describe transformations of T-graphs under the first and the third Reidemeister moves applied to the flat diagram of a knot.
Volumes of Polyhedra in Non-Euclidean Spaces of Constant Curvature
Authors: Krasnov V. A.
Published: March 2021

Computation of the volumes of polyhedra is a classical geometry problem known since ancient mathematics and preserving its importance until present time. Deriving volume formulas for 3-dimensional non-Euclidean polyhedra of a given combinatorial type is a very difficult problem. Nowadays, it is fully solved for a tetrahedron, the most simple polyhedron in the combinatorial sense. However, it is well known that for a polyhedron of a special type its volume formula becomes much simpler. This fact was noted by Lobachevsky who found the volume of the so-called ideal tetrahedron in hyperbolic space (all vertices of this tetrahedron are on the absolute).In this survey, we present main results on volumes of arbitrary non-Euclidean tetrahedra and polyhedra of special types (both tetrahedra and polyhedra of more complex combinatorial structure) in 3-dimensional spherical and hyperbolic spaces of constant curvature K = 1 and K = -1, respectively. Moreover, we consider the new method by Sabitov for computation of volumes in hyperbolic space (described by the Poincare model in upper half-space). This method allows one to derive explicit volume formulas for polyhedra of arbitrary dimension in terms of coordinates of vertices. Considering main volume formulas for non-Euclidean polyhedra, we will give proofs (or sketches of proofs) for them. This will help the reader to get an idea of basic methods for computation of volumes of bodies in non-Euclidean spaces of constant curvature.
PENGENDALIAN DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL TERINTEGRASI PENGENDALIAN VEKTOR TOTAL BERBASIS MASYARAKAT DAN STICKY AUTOCIDAL MOSQUITO TRAP
Authors: Saepudin Malik , Hermilestari Ani , Supraptono Bambang , Kasjono Heru Subaris
Published: March 2021

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is still a health problem in Indonesia, including in West Kalimantan Province. The Integrated Model of Community-Based Total Vector Control (PVTBM) and Sticky Autocidal Mosquito Trap (SAMT) is expected to reduce the density of larvae, so that the incidence of dengue can be reduced to the lowest point in the endemic area of Pontianak. This study analyzed the effects of the PVTBM-SAMT integrated model in controlling dengue vectors in endemic areas of Pontianak City. This type of research is Interrupted time series with a nonequivalent no-treatment control group time series. The sample of this study was 200 houses, consisting of 100 houses in the intervention area and 100 houses in the control area. The results showed a decrease in the mean larval density index in the intervention area, namely; HI was 25%, CI was 11.17%, BI was 38%. Statistical analysis showed that the PVTBM-SAMT integration model had a significant effect on the density of larvae: HI, CI, and BI with p values: 0.049, 0.047, and 0.042. It is recommended that the health office and primary health care be able to apply the PVTBM-SAMT method in controlling DHF vector activities and also in the implementation of surveillance and control of Aedes aegypti vector.

Abstrak

Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan di Indonesia, termasuk di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Aplikasi Model Terpadu Pengendalian Vektor Total Berbasis Masyarakat (PVTBM) dan Sticky Autocidal Mosquito Trap (SAMT) bertujuan menurunkan densitas Larva. Penelitian ini menganalisis efek model terintegrasi PVTBM-SAMT dalam pengendalian vektor DBD di wilayah endemis Kota Pontianak. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen murni dengan rancangan Interrupted time series with a nonequivalent no-treatment control group time series. Sampel penelitian ini sebanyak 200 rumah, terdiri dari 100 rumah di wilayah intervensi dan 100 rumah di wilayah pembanding. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terjadi penurunan rerata indeks kepadatan larva pada wilayah intervensi yaitu; HI sebesar 25%, CI sebesar 11,17%, BI sebesar 38% dan wilayah pembanding. Analisis statistik terdapat perbedaan densitas larva: HI, CI, dan BI sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan secara signifikan dengan nilai p: 0,049, 0,047, dan 0,042. Dinas kesehatan dan puskesmasisarankan dapat menerapkan metode PVTBM-SAMT dalam kegiatan pengendalian vektor DBD dan juga dalam pelaksanaan surveilans serta pengendalian vektor Aedes aegypti.
Jogos eletrônicos e Educação Física escolar: um relato de experiência
Authors: Vasques Daniel Giordani , Cardoso Nicole Marceli Nunes
Published: March 2021

Este estudo teve como objetivo refletir sobre o trato pedagógico dos jogos eletrônicos como conteúdo da Educação Física escolar nas séries finais do Ensino Fundamental do Colégio de Aplicação da UFRGS. O trato dos jogos eletrônicos baseou-se na concepção de que jogos ‘de movimento corporal’ e jogos ‘sem movimento corporal’ são parte do conteúdo, assim, ambos formatos foram trabalhados. Nesse caminho, uma discussão importante relacionou a percepção dos alunos frente à violência dos jogos e da vida real. Esse tema trabalhado aliou-se a outros dois debates atuais no campo dos jogos eletrônicos, temas em disputa discutidos em aula: O ‘vício’ em jogos e suas relações com a vida dos jogadores; A relação entre os jogos eletrônicos, e-sports, e os esportes tradicionais conduziu outro debate. Os ‘jogos com movimento corporal’ também foram tematizados. Nessas situações, o objetivo da aula era os alunos perceberem nos seus corpos diferenças e semelhanças entre ‘jogar virtual’ e ‘jogar real’.
Aprendizagens do corpo no projeto de extensão Comunidade em Cena, do Colégio de Aplicação da UFRJ
Authors: Oliveira Maksin Barbosa , Moraes Ramalho Julia
Published: March 2021

No presente artigo reflete-se sobre o processo de ensino da linguagem teatral no âmbito do projeto de extensão “Comunidade em cena”, que oferece aulas de teatro a professores, estagiários, seguranças, copeiras, faxineiros, assistentes de alunos e mães de alunos do Colégio de Aplicação da UFRJ. Busca-se evidenciar os impactos da ampliação da expressividade corporal dos participantes nas relações interpessoais em um grupo de atores sociais tão heterogêneo. Tendo por base a metodologia de trabalho desenvolvida por Augusto Boal e o Teatro do Oprimido e as reflexões de Benedictus de Spinoza acerca de mente e corpo, analisa-se de que maneira o redimensionamento das possibilidades corporais e as afetações do corpo contribuíram para a construção de espaço de investigação de si a partir da linguagem teatral. Evidencia-se, no processo, a conquista da consciência corporal como importante elemento para a criação teatral.
A percepção dos sentidos e significados no processo de aprendizagem de ciências da natureza nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental
Authors: Muniz de Oliveira Daniele , Da Rocha Andrea Anilda Hoffmann , Prestes Luisa Brum , Santos Victor João da Rocha Maia
Published: March 2021

O presente trabalho visa relatar a análise prévia obtida através da observação da percepção e significados atribuídos pelos alunos durante a realização de atividades experimentais desenvolvidas na Oficina de Ciências “Fazendo Arte e Aprendendo Ciências”. A oficina foi realizada no laboratório de Ciências do Colégio de Aplicação (CAp) da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) com alunos e alunas dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental (2º ao 5º ano). A Oficina teve a orientação da professora regente e a participação de duas alunas do Programa Institucional de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID). O objetivo da oficina foi ensinar Ciências da Natureza de forma lúdica com o auxílio da arte buscando motivar o interesse por essa área do conhecimento, e aos poucos, conduzir as crianças, à utilização da linguagem científica. O trabalho realizado com as crianças seguiu as normas de segurança de trabalho em laboratório.
Observação, participação e prática: a formação inicial do docente de História na UERJ
Authors: Costard Larissa , Meliande de Oliveira Hilton , Ayres Padilha Leonardo , Oliveira Jr Alcidesio
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar os princípios que orientam a atuação dos professores de História do Instituto Fernando Rodrigues da Silveira (CAp-UERJ) nas disciplinas de Estágio Supervisionado I, II e III no atual currículo de História do campus Maracanã, bem como a organização de cada uma das etapas da formação docente inicial dos licenciandos em História. Tendo como princípios orientadores a noção de que a educação é sempre práxis, que a epistemologia escolar é específica e se diferencia da História acadêmica e que o docente é sempre autor em sua atividade, a inserção dos estagiários em cada uma das disciplinas de estágio objetiva sedimentar a formação profissional docente que valorize a liberdade de cátedra, o papel social da educação numa sociedade voltada para a diversidade e a visão da prática docente como atividade profissional dotada de conhecimentos específicos, desenvolvidos pelos licenciados em reflexão teórico-prática.
Formação docente em colaboração: projeto “Currículo, Identidade e Diversidade”
Authors: Toledo Monica Dos Santos , Façanha Lorelay Brandão , Arruda Edna Regina Da Silva Aguiar
Published: March 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar narrativas de bolsistas licenciandas em pedagogia da Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF) sobre suas experiências no projeto de formação docente “Currículo, Identidade e Diversidade”, vinculado ao Programa Licenciaturas da UFF e realizado em turmas dos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental do Colégio Universitário Geraldo Reis (Coluni-UFF), em Niterói-RJ. Tais narrativas foram analisadas e categorizadas em: relações na escola, educação do olhar e profissão docente. O projeto sobre o qual versa este artigo buscou fomentar a reflexão sobre as identidades e diferenças em sala de aula a partir da perspectiva da inclusão e da diversidade no currículo escolar (DORZIAT, 2011), bem como valorizar a importância de um processo de formação docente inicial em perspectiva colaborativa, que se constitua no ''chão da escola'' (MELO, 2009), um locus de reflexão coletiva.
Gastric perforation caused by secondary systemic amyloidosis
Authors: Yamamoto Hiroto , Yokota Akihiko , Suzuki Noriyuki , Tachibana Mitsuhiro , Tsutsumi Yutaka
Published: March 2021

An 82-year-old man, suffering abscess secondary to femoral prosthesis
replacement, complained of intractable watery diarrhea and melena.
Autopsy disclosed 12 mm-sized perforation at the gastric prepylorus and
purulent peritonitis. Amyloid A was deposited in systemic organs and
tissues, including the site of gastric perforation. IgM was co-deposited
in the glomeruli.
Selecting suitable climate models for examining future changes in soil erosion and muddy flooding
Authors: Brannigan Neil , Mullan Donal , Vandaele Karel , Graham Conor , McKinley Jennifer , Meneely John
Published: March 2021

Climate models consistently project large increases in the frequency and
magnitude of extreme precipitation events in the 21st century, revealing
the potential for widespread impacts on various aspects of society.
While the impacts on flooding receive particular attention, there is
also considerable damage and associated cost for other
precipitation–driven phenomena, including soil erosion and muddy
flooding. Multiple studies have shown that climate change will worsen
the impacts of soil erosion and muddy flooding in various regions. These
studies typically drive erosion models with output from a single climate
model or a few models with little justification. A blind approach to
climate model selection increases the risk of simulating a narrower
range of possible scenarios, limiting vital information for mitigation
planning and adaptation. This study provides a comprehensive methodology
to efficiently select suitable climate models for simulating soil
erosion and muddy flooding. For a study region in Belgium using the WEPP
soil erosion model, we compare the performance of our novel methodology
against other model selection methods for a future period (2081–2100).
The main findings reveal that our methodology is successful in
generating the widest range of future scenarios from a small number of
models, compared with other selection methods. This represents a novel
targeted approach to climate model selection with respect to soil
erosion by water but could be modified for other precipitation–driven
impact sectors. This will ensure a broad range of climate impacts are
simulated so the best- and worst-case scenarios can be adequately
prepared for.
Isolation and re-connection: the formation of a ring-shaped speciation continuum in an odorous frog (Odorrana margaretae)
Authors: Wen Guannan , Fu Jinzhong
Published: March 2021

The Green Odorous Frog (Odorrana margaretae) around the Sichuan Basin of
western China displays a ring-shaped distributional pattern and
possesses multiple replicate contact zones between lineages at various
levels of differentiation. To understand its unique speciation history
and mechanisms, we obtained 1,540 SNPs from 29 populations and 227
individuals using ddRAD sequencing. Population structure analysis
revealed three groups within the species: The West, the North & South,
and the East groups. These groups were initially isolated at
~2.03 million years ago, and subsequent post-glacial
expansion produced the current ring-shaped distribution around Sichuan
Basin with three contact zones. Hybridization in those zones involved
lineages with different levels of divergence and produced greatly
different outcomes. Both the hybrid zones at southwest (S-W) and
southeast (E-NS) of the Basin have extensive admixture and less barrier
effect. Consequently, the southern region has the highest genetic
diversity and becomes an ‘evolutionary melting pot’. In contrast, the
hybrid zone at northwestern corner (N-W), which resembles the overlap
zone between two expansion terminals of a ring species, has limited
admixture with a narrow geographic cline, suggesting partial
reproductive isolation between the northern and western populations. The
three hybrid zones likely resemble three time points along a speciation
continuum; while both E-NS and S-W hybrid zones are merging, the N-W
zone may have passed the ‘tipping point’ and is destined for a complete
reproductive isolation over time.
The sequential role of Mst1/mTORC1/STAT1 activity in chemokine receptor 2-regulated B cell receptor signaling
Authors: Zhu Yingzi , Gu Heng , Yang Lu , Li Na , Chen Qiuyue , Kang Danqing , Jing Yukai , Jiang Panpan , Chen Qianglin , Luo Li , Liu Ju , Chang Jiang , Li Zhenzhen , Wang Yi , Dai Xin , Miller Heather , Westerberg Lisa , Park Chan-Sik , Kubo Masato , Dong Lingli , Liu Chaohong
Published: March 2021

Background: Chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 2 (CCR2) contributes to
autoimmune pathogenesis. However, the effect of CCR2 on B cell signaling
and its role in autoimmunity remains unclear. Herein, we investigated
the role of CCR2 in the B cell receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and
aimed to illustrate its potential molecular mechanisms of action.
Methods: To investigate the alterations in B cell signaling and the
immune response, we used flow cytometry, western blotting, microscopic
techniques, Seahorse assay, and immunofluorescence assay on samples from
C57BL/6 mice and germinal CCR2-deletion mice. Results: The absence of
CCR2 disturbed follicular B cell development. Furthermore, CCR2 absence
was correlated with increased mTORC1-mediated energy metabolism and
enhanced early B cell activation, which were induced by the
up-regulation of BCR proximal signaling and F-actin accumulation. Mst1
and STAT1 were key factors in up-regulating the B cell activation in
CCR2 deficient mice. The disrupted peripheral B cell differentiation and
enhanced B cell signaling were associated with the inhibition mTORC1,
Mst1, and STAT1. Moreover, loss of CCR2 caused a weakened T cell
dependent antigen response, resulting in decreased antibody secreting
cells and diminished antigen specific IgM levels. Conclusion: CCR2 is
involved in the regulation of BCR signaling pathway by sequentially
activating signaling pathways dominated by Mst1, mTORC1, and STAT1. Our
study suggests that CCR2 might represent a novel therapeutic targeted
for autoimmune diseases.
Antifungal and synergistic activity of five plant essential oils from Serbia against Trichoderma aggressivum f. europaeum Samuels & W. Gams
Authors: Lukovic Jelena , Djurovic-Pejcev Rada , Djordjevic Tijana , Milijasevic-Marcic Svetlana , Duduk Natasa , Vico Ivana , Potocnik Ivana
Published: March 2021

Five essential oils isolated from plants originating from Serbia and ten
combinations of the selected essential oils were assayed to test their
inhibitory and fungicidal activity against Trchoderma aggressivum f.
europaeum Samuels & W. Gams using two distinctive methods: microdilution and
fumigant macrodilution methods. The strongest activity was demonstrated by
spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) and thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) oils at the
minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 6.25 ?l ml-1 using microdilution,
and 0.16 ?l ml-1 of air using fumigant macrodilution method. The antifungal
activity of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) and peppermint (Mentha piperita L.)
was medium, while the oil extracted from St. John?s wort (Hypericum
perforatum L.) exhibited the lowest activity. None of the selected essential
oils exhibited fungicidal effect at minimal fungicidal concentrations (?FC)
of over 25 ?l ml-1 or 0.32 ?l ml-1of air, using micro- and macrodilution,
respectively. When microdilution was used, the strongest antifungal activity
was demonstrated by two oil combinations: spearmint-thyme and
spearmint-peppermint, having MIC and MFC values of 3.75 ?l ml-1. The lowest
activity was demonstrated by the basil-St. John?s wort essential oil
combination, at 30 ?l ml-1 MIC, and MFC exceeding 30 ?l ml-1. The obtained
results indicate possible synergistic effects of essential oils and their
components.
A MAGNETOTERAPIA NO ALÍVIO DA DOR MUSCULOESQUELÉTICA DE IDOSOS PARTICIPANTES DE UMA AÇÃO SOCIAL
Authors: De Oliveira Nadine Timóteo , De Sousa Maria das Mercês Batista , Dutra Katia , Teymey Andressa Andrade , França Priscilla Fernandes , Bontempo Albênica Paulino dos Santos
Published: March 2021

A magnetoterapia é uma técnica milenar e um tratamento natural não invasivo que utiliza ímãs e seus campos magnéticos para aumentar a interação celular de algumas células e substâncias corporais, como a água, de forma a obter efeitos como diminuição da dor, aumento da regeneração celular ou redução da inflamação. Objetivou-se observar o efeito da magnetoterapia para o alívio da dor musculoesquelética em idosos. Durante uma ação social organizada por estagiário do curso de fisioterapia da Universidade Paulista, UNIP, voltada para a comunidade de idosos da cidade de Taguatinga, Distrito Federal, foram realizados atendimentos para o alívio da dor. Uma das técnicas utilizadas foi a magnetoterapia, tratamento por meio de ímas. Assim, 15 idosos que apresentavam dor em diferentes partes do corpo (lombalgia, cervicalgia, dor no ombro e joelho) receberam atendimento. Foram utilizados ímãs bipolares de neodímio 3000 gauss, com diâmetro de 08x02mm, presos ao corpo com esparadrapo micropore. Os idosos foram acompanhados por telefone após o atendimento por sete dias. Todos os idosos relataram alívio da dor; alguns relataram cura completa. Os imãs, criam um campo eletromagnético que aumenta a circulação do sangue na área aplicada, diminuindo as dores, inflamações e aumentando o poder de alto-cura de forma natural. Pode ser usado em qualquer parte do corpo onde haja rigidez, dor e inflação, sendo contraindicado a portadores de marcapasso, e em casos de oncologia. Este tema deve ser utilizado em pesquisas futuras, visto que os resultados foram promissores e é uma técnica de baixo custo.
Intervenções de enfermagem para manutenção/recuperação da capacidade funcional da pessoa idosa hospitalizada: revisão sistemática da literatura.
Authors: Rocha Lucimara Sonaglio , Pelzer Marlene Teda , Gautério Daiane Porto , Barlem Edison Luis Devos , Gomes Giovana Calcagno , Lange Celmira , Portella Marilene Rodrigues , Seiffert Margot Agathe
Published: March 2021

Objetivou-se realizar uma revisão sistemática buscando, nas evidências científicas, intervenções que possam ser desenvolvidas pela enfermagem, com vistas à manutenção/recuperação da capacidade funcional de uma pessoa idosa hospitalizada, disponíveis no PUBMED, CINAHL, SCOPUS e WOS, sem delimitação temporal. As intervenções encontradas estão relacionadas ao estado geral de saúde, cognição e humor, desempenho funcional, suporte social e organização do cuidado à pessoa idosa.
Percepción de beneficios y barreras para la práctica del ejercicio en adultos mayores mexicanos
Authors: Guerrero-Castañeda Raúl Fernando , Albañil Delgado Sergio , Jiménez González María De Jesús
Published: March 2021

El objetivo de esta investigación fue describir los beneficios y barreras del ejercicio en un grupo de adultos mayores mexicanos. Estudio cuantitativo, observacional y transversal, desarrollado en un Centro Gerontológico de México; muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia (n=96). Se utilizó el Cuestionario de Beneficios y Barreras para el Ejercicio. Análisis descriptivo a través de frecuencias y porcentajes. Los beneficios percibidos se relacionan con el bienestar general, beneficios físicos. Las barreras se relacionan con la falta de lugares y horarios para realizar ejercicio.
Tasks of the Development and Implementation of Enterprise Industrial Safety Management System when Operating Technical Devices
Authors:   IMASH RAN, Makhutov N.A. , Cherepanov A.P. ,   Angarsk State Technical University, Lisanov M.V. ,   STC «Industrial Safety» CJSC
Published: March 2021

Development and practical implementation of the enterprise industrial safety management system considering the new requirements of the legislation on creation of the state system for monitoring, remote control, technical certification, and diagnostics of technical devices at hazardous production facilities supervised by Rostechnadzor is discussed in the article. To perform automated collection, recording, generalization, systematization, and evaluation of the information on the parameters that characterize safety of the enterprise hazardous equipment as a whole and each technical device, a block diagram of the enterprise automated industrial safety management system is proposed. The basics are suggested for creating the automated system containing a database that includes all the technical documentation, certificates and expert opinions, repair documentation and accompanying documents (orders, instructions, audit conclusions, etc.) for the efficiency of tracking the technical condition in real time considering changes in all the controlled parameters of the enterprise technological complexes. It is noted in the article that the assessment of the technical condition and life of single and unique technical devices that make up the bulk of equipment in hazardous production should be carried out already at the manufacturing stage by combining technical control with technical diagnostics, and their results should be included in the technical passport of the device. The need in this information for the operators is invaluable, especially after working out the manufacturer’s designated period of safe operation and for evaluating the actual technical condition and comparing it with its original, which was documented during fabrication. Data on the initial state allows to qualitatively assess the degradation processes that are developing during operation and consider them when evaluating the life of a technical device and conduct a qualitative audit of the industrial safety management system.
Improvement of the Acoustic Characteristics of Pneumatic Mechanisms for Contact Welding Machines
Authors:   Udmurt State University, Ivanov Yu.V.
Published: March 2021

Welding production forms the basis of assembly production in many branches of industry. Welding equipment is the most numerous in the environment of assembly of transport engineering units. This equipment is used both at the initial stage of assembly operations and at the final stage. The most common machines are single-point and multi-point welding with pneumatic drive. Traditional disadvantage of welding machines using pneumatic drives is the presence of intense acoustic flows at the outlet of the energy carrier, the operating sound level of which significantly exceeds the established sanitary norms and worsens personnel working conditions. Among the sources of aerodynamic flows in contact welding machines, the most relevant noise is during technological release of energy from the pneumatic mechanisms of the welding machines control systems, including the existing fleet of contact welding machines. Standard noise mufflers in the contact welding machines, the acoustic elements of which are made in the form of porous metal bushings or pots, are working efficiently for a short period of time up to 200 hours, both domestic and foreign companies Festo, Camozzi, Pneumax. The reason is that when pulsed, technological release of compressed air containing oil particles, in the presence of external dust sources, the channels of porous sound-absorbing elements are clogged with a suspension of oil with the above specified particles and condensate. This leads to an increase in the hydraulic resistance of the muffler path, an increase in the back pressure in the silencing chamber, and, as a result, to the destruction of the acoustic element, which requires frequent replacement of the muffler. The results are presented concerning the development of new chamber mufflers for contact welding machines, which efficiently reduce noise, operate without maintenance for more than fifteen years without requiring replacement. They are recommended for various branches of industries operating pneumatic systems for various purposes.
Procedure for Admittance of the Contractor Companies to Perform the Work at the Construction Site
Authors:   FGAOU VO «RGU of Oil and Gas (NIU) named after  I.M. Gubkin», Glebova E.V. , Fomin E.A. ,   FGAOU VO «RGU of Oil and Gas (NIU) named after  I.M. Gubkin», Ivanova M.V. ,   FGAOU VO «RGU of Oil and Gas (NIU) named after  I.M. Gubkin»
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the assessment of the contractor companies activity in the field of safety both before the start of work execution and during the execution of work at the construction site of the Client’s company. Analysis is given concerning the industrial injuries from 2009 to 2018 in Russia, based on which the tendency to reduce industrial injuries for the current period is determined, and the coefficients of the frequency of injuries in various countries for 2015 are calculated. Based on the performed analysis, the injury rate in Russia is still at a high level. Economic component for the materials, personnel qualifications, and savings on safety from the Client’s company can also lead to injuries at the construction site. The main reasons for low quality of the work performed at the construction site, which in turn lead to injuries, are given in the article. Matrix for the assessment of the contractor companies was developed, with the help of which it is proposed to assess all the aspects of their activities that effect on safety of the work performed. Among the assessed aspects there are sections related to training, behavior and motivation of the personnel, audits conducted by the contractor companies in relation to the subcontractors, investigation of incidents by using the current procedures and contractor personnel responsibilities. One of the matrix elements is presented for assessment. Each element from the given section is proposed to be assessed on a scale from 0 to 3, where each aspect is presented in the form of an action, an assessment of this action and its result. Recommendations on the use of this methodology in the selection of contractors are provided.
Ecotoxicity Assessment of the Industrial Explosives Explosion Products
Authors:   D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, Akinin N.I. , Garmashov A.S. ,   D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, Mikheev D.I. ,   D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology
Published: March 2021

The statistics is presented in the article concerning the industrial explosives consumption in the world and in the Russian Federation, based on which it is possible to estimate the scale of emission of toxic gaseous explosion products into the environment. The mechanism of formation of gaseous explosion products depending on the oxygen balance of the mixed ammonium nitrate explosive is briefly outlined. In the methodological part of the work, an overview is made related to some computational methods for determining the qualitative and quantitative compositions of gaseous explosion products of industrial explosives based on ammonium nitrate. The main regularities of the influence of physical and physicochemical factors surrounding the charge of an industrial explosive on the formation of toxic gaseous explosion products are described. Computational part of the work is a description of the calculation parameters and the used software packages Shock and Detonation and Real, and the tabulated results of the calculations in comparison with the experimental data obtained from the literature sources. When discussing the results, it is shown that using theoretical calculation methods, only an approximate estimate (with an error of more than 32 %) of the qualitative and quantitative compositions of gaseous explosion products is possible. Doubt is expressed about the conversion coefficient of the concentration of nitrogen oxides to the conditional carbon monoxide-6.5, which is adopted for use in the calculations without substantiating the reasons. It is concluded that only computational methods for determining the composition of gaseous explosion products are available, the results of which are far from reality, and experimental methods are only partially close to the real conditions, respectively, it is required to develop new computational methods. It is noted that the prospect for the development of this topic is the creation of a new computational software package based on the experimental data.
Experimental Studies of the Electrical Breakdown of Fire Extinguishing Powders
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute of Fire Protection of the  EMERCOM of Russia, Popov A.V. , Kazakov A.V. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Fire Protection of the  EMERCOM of Russia, Bukhtoyarov D.V. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Fire Protection of the  EMERCOM of Russia, Khatuntseva S.Yu. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Fire Protection of the  EMERCOM of Russia
Published: March 2021

The method for determining the breakdown voltage in the air suspension of fire extinguishing powder, simplified and more appropriate to the actual conditions of such powders use is proposed and tested. Experimental studies of the electrical breakdown of fire extinguishing powders in an alternating electrical field — homogeneous and non-homogeneous are presented. Double effect of fire extinguishing powders on the breakdown in a homogeneous electrical field in comparison with air is established. The first option: powders to a small extent complicate the breakdown (increase the breakdown voltage), which is due to the high electrical strength of solid dielectrics. The second option: powders slightly facilitate the breakdown. Presumably, this is due to the abnormally high polarizability of one of the components — monoammonium phosphate (ferroelectric). Due to the avalanche-like polarization caused by the ferroelectric, the uniformity of the field is disturbed, which reduces its electrical strength. In an inhomogeneous electric field, the breakdown voltage was about one third lower than in a homogeneous one, and exactly corresponds to the breakdown voltage of the air. In a homogeneous field between the electrodes the «bridges» of powder particles containing monoammonium phosphate appeared and continued to hang even after the breakdown. An unexpected phenomenon was revealed: a relatively weak dependence of the breakdown voltage on the presence of moisture in the extinguishing powder. It is advisable to continue research in this area. The main conclusion: fire extinguishing non-conductive powder does not participate in the electrical breakdown that goes through the air between the powder particles. In view of this, the voltage of 1 kV seems an anachronistic one, at which the use of powder fire extinguishers is allowed, while for carbon dioxide fire extinguishers this figure is 10 times higher (though the electrical strength of carbon dioxide is 0.9 of the air electrical strength). Since the air electrical strength depends on the external conditions (temperature, pressure, humidity, distance between the electrodes), it is proposed to enter relative values for the assessment of the extinguishing powder electrical strength, for example, the ratio of the breakdown voltage to the breakdown voltage in the air.
Analysis of Experience in Building Operation Management Systems for the Foreign and Russian Oil and Gas Companies
Authors:   BP, Nikitina D.A. , Petryaev S.N. ,   Rosneft, Sivokon I.S. ,   Rosneft, Fomina E.E. ,   RGU of Oil and Gas (NIU) named after I.M. Gubkin
Published: March 2021

The performed analysis showed that integrity management is required for ensuring stable and reliable operation. Along with many other processes in the field of industrial safety, integrity management is an important process for the prevention of cases of equipment depressurization, and, therefore, for preventing people by storing hydrocarbons inside the pipelines and vessels. High quality integrity management leads to high production operations efficiency and has a positive effect on the entire business. The article presents the results of the implementation of operation management systems (OMS) in various companies. It shows how deeply integrity management, being part of OMS, is integrated into all the areas of production operation activity. To achieve the high level of production operations reliability, all the industrial and occupational safety processes must be interconnected and form a single system. The conducted analysis shows that OMS of different companies have both similarities and differences. OMS is often developed based on the existing industrial and occupational safety management systems, which explains the focus of such systems on safety. The latest statistics show that this is the right approach, however, OMS of different companies differ from each other due to different experiences, the size of the company, the specifics of the country of operation and the presence of current problems. It is fair to note that there is no single correct OMS structure since each company must consider its own needs and its own specifics when developing its system. However, in general, the development and implementation of such systems contribute to improving the reliability, safety and efficiency of production operation activities. However, in general, the development and implementation of such systems facilitate the improvement of the reliability, safety and efficiency of production operation activities.
Consideration of Non-stationarity in the Development of Emergency Situations for the Quantitative Risk Assessment of Accidents at Hazardous Production Facilities of Oil and Product Pipelines
Authors:   STC «Industrial Safety» CJSC, Sverchkov A.M.
Published: March 2021

It is proposed to use the new approach to assessing quantitative risk indicators. This approach allows to consider the temporal non-stationarity of the number of processes, including the development of an accident and the spatial movements of people. The greatest uncertainty in the risk analysis with an explosive and fire hazard component is not the frequency of initiating events used, but, for example, data on the probability of ignition. The range of variation of this probability is about two orders of magnitude (relatively speaking, from 1 % to 100 %), and the criteria and factors that determine the choice of this value are not always clearly defined. The paper proposes an approach that considers the probability of ignition as a dependence on the time that passed after the start of emergency depressurization. Knowing this dependence, it is possible to consider several scenarios with different ignition time after the start of the release and assign certain consequences and probabilities to each scenario. Moreover, it is possible for each single scenario on a specific piece of equipment (pipeline section) to obtain non-stationary, namely time-varying potential risk fields. The example of an accident on the oil pipeline is considered, the risk indicators of such an accident are calculated, it is shown that the risks can change over time, namely they are non-stationary characteristics. Further, this fact is transformed into the development of theoretical foundations for quantitative risk assessment, considering the non-stationarity of various processes occurring during emergency situations arising during the operation of equipment, individual behavior of people and changes in external conditions. The results obtained show the importance of considering the changes that occur during an emergency on the main oil and product pipelines. It is concluded that the proposed approach allows to reduce the conservatism of assessments provided by traditional methods. In real practice this approach can reasonably reduce the risk indicators by several times, sometimes by orders of magnitude.
Epistemologí­as y metodologí­as crí­ticas en Ciencias Sociales: precisiones conceptuales en clave latinoamericana
Authors: Palumbo Maria Mercedes , Vacca Laura Celina
Published: March 2021

El objetivo general del artí­culo consiste en revisitar cuatro perspectivas epistemológicas y metodológicas crí­ticas en el campo de las Ciencias Sociales. Particularmente, se retoman la investigación-acción participativa, la investigación militante, la investigación en colaboración y las metodologí­as descoloniales o descolonizadoras. Desde una metodologí­a hermenéutico-interpretativa, se analizan sus acercamientos fundados en las crí­ticas compartidas al positivismo y su común tradición latinoamericana. Asimismo, se aborda un aspecto menos indagado, relativo a la existencia de una serie de matices entre las perspectivas, que permiten resaltar la singularidad de cada una. Las conclusiones sostienen la importancia de considerar la dimensión metodológica para concretizar los puntos de partida epistemológicos.
Etnografí­a de un conflicto habitacional. Desplazamientos teóricos y metodológicos desde una perspectiva pragmática
Authors: Balerdi Soledad
Published: March 2021

Este artí­culo propone una reflexión sobre las implicancias que las concepciones teórico-epistemológicas sobre la acción tienen a nivel del quehacer metodológico en el proceso de investigación. En particular, analiza las consecuencias metodológicas que tuvo la elección del pragmatismo como perspectiva teórica para construir y abordar un objeto de investigación particular: un conflicto por relocalizaciones en un barrio popular de la ciudad de La Plata entre 2013 y 2017. Se buscará dar cuenta de ciertos desplazamientos teórico-epistemológicos inspirados por esta corriente, que a la vez condujeron a modos especí­ficos de desplegar el trabajo de campo etnográfico.
La investigación del consenso en las luchas por la hegemoní­a: una propuesta metodológica y su ejemplificación en el agro pampeano actual
Authors: Balsa Javier , Liaudat María Dolores
Published: March 2021

El presente trabajo se enmarca en un proyecto que procura desarrollar estrategias metodológicas para analizar el consenso en las disputas por la hegemoní­a. No contamos con una interfaz que vincule las cuestiones teóricas más abstractas de la teorí­a de la hegemoní­a con las técnicas de investigación desarrolladas por las ciencias sociales. Con el objetivo de avanzar sobre esta cuestión, hemos elaborado un enfoque teórico-metodológico para estudiar la eficacia interpelativa de las propuestas que procuran ser hegemónicas. Luego de presentar sintéticamente esta propuesta, procuramos ejemplificar su utilidad mediante la exposición de los resultados de una investigación sobre la construcción de hegemoní­a del modelo de los agronegocios en el agro pampeano actual.
Estudios Carcelarios: un capí­tulo teórico-metodológico de la historia de Criminalogí­a Moderna (Buenos Aires, 1899)
Authors: Abiuso Federico Luis
Published: March 2021

Hacia el año 1899, Pietro Gori emprendió, junto a Juan Vucetich, un viaje de estudio a la Penitenciarí­a de Sierra Chica con el objetivo de estudiar al sistema carcelario de la Argentina y a la población allí­ recluida. Los resultados fueron publicados en Criminalogí­a Moderna (1898-1901), revista que Gori dirigió en su estadí­a en Buenos Aires, en una sección titulada Estudios Carcelarios. En el presente artí­culo propongo indagar en clave teórico-metodológica dicha sección; más concretamente, mi interés radica en describir de qué maneras fueron construidos los datos que refieren a las distintas caracterí­sticas de la Penitenciarí­a y de los penados.