bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enzyme Immobilization on Nanomaterials for Biosensor and Biocatalyst in Food and Biomedical Industry
Authors: Bhavaniramya Sundaresan , Vanajothi Ramar , Vishnupriya Selvaraju , Premkumar Kumpati , Al-Aboody Mohammad S. , Vijayakumar Rajendran , Baskaran Dharmar
Published: July 2019

Enzymes exhibit a great catalytic activity for several physiological processes. Utilization of immobilized enzymes has a great potential in several food industries due to their excellent functional properties, simple processing and cost effectiveness during the past decades. Though they have several applications, they still exhibit some challenges. To overcome the challenges, nanoparticles with their unique physicochemical properties act as very attractive carriers for enzyme immobilization. The enzyme immobilization method is not only widely used in the food industry but is also a component methodology in the pharmaceutical industry. Compared to the free enzymes, immobilized forms are more robust and resistant to environmental changes. In this method, the mobility of enzymes is artificially restricted to changing their structure and properties. Due to their sensitive nature, the classical immobilization methods are still limited as a result of the reduction of enzyme activity. In order to improve the enzyme activity and their properties, nanomaterials are used as a carrier for enzyme immobilization. Recently, much attention has been directed towards the research on the potentiality of the immobilized enzymes in the food industry. Hence, the present review emphasizes the different types of immobilization methods that is presently used in the food industry and other applications. Various types of nanomaterials such as nanofibers, nanoflowers and magnetic nanoparticles are significantly used as a support material in the immobilization methods. However, several numbers of immobilized enzymes are used in the food industries to improve the processing methods which not only reduce the production cost but also the effluents from the industry.
Breast Cancer and Anesthesia
Authors: Raigon-Ponferrada Aida , Recio María E.D. , Guerrero-Orriach Jose L. , Malo-Manso Alfredo , Escalona-Belmonte Juan J. , Aliaga Marta R. , Fernández Alicia R. , García Francisco J.F. , Conejo Emilio A. , Cruz-Mañas Jose
Published: July 2019

:

Breast cancer is a complex heterogeneous disease that is categorized into several histological and genomic
subtypes with relevant prognostic and therapeutical implications. Such diversity requires a multidisciplinary
approach for a comprehensive treatment that will involve surgeons, radiotherapists and medical oncologists.
Breast cancer is classified as either local (or locoregional), which stands for 90-95% of cases, or metastatic, representing
5% of cases.

:

The management of breast cancer will be determined by the stage of the disease. The treatment of local breast
cancer is based on surgery and/or radiotherapy. Systemic breast cancer requires chemotherapy and/or endocrine
and/or biological therapy.
Intraoperative Cultures in Reimplantation of a Two-Stage Protocol: Only 1 vs. At Least 2 Positive Microbiological Results
Authors: Cordero-Ampuero José , Ortega-Columbrans Ana , Garcia-Rey Eduardo , Garcia-Cimbrelo Eduardo
Published: July 2019

Background:

The main reason for using a two-stage exchange in Prosthetic Joint Infection (PJI) is that bacteria are completely eradicated in reimplantation surgery. However, reports of a positive culture in the second surgery are growing. The number of positive intraoperative cultures and their influence on final results is not well-established.

Objectives:

To compare epidemiological characteristics, infection recurrence and clinical evolution of patients with only onevs.at least two positive cultures based on our series of cases with positive cultures in reimplantation surgery.

Material and Methods:

Retrospective study of 55 patients was conducted prospectively. They were diagnosed with chronic PJI, treated with a two-stage protocol and at least three intraoperative cultures were obtained in the second stage. These cultures were negative in 28 patients. Fourteen patients showed two or more cultures with the same microorganism and they were denominated patients with positive cultures. Thirteen patients showed only one positive culture, and they were considered contaminated. Both groups of patients (positive cultures and contaminated ones) received the second cycle of oral antibiotics for 6 months. Functional results were evaluated with the Harris Hip Score (hips) or Knee Society Clinical Rating Score (KSCRS) (knees).

Results:

There were no significant differences between patients with positive or contaminated cultures for age (p=0.420) and sex (p=0.385). The knee was involved in 13/14 positive and in only 6/13 contaminated patients (p=0.013).Staphylococcus epidermidiswas the predominant isolate, but there were differences between positive (methicillin-resistant in 7/14 patients) and contaminated cultures (methicillin-sensitive in 6/13). There were no differences in the prevalence of polymicrobial cultures (p=0.785) or coincidence with cultures from the first stage (p=0.257). Three infection recurrences have appeared in patients with positive cultures (3/13, 21%) and none in patients with contaminated cultures. There are no differences in HSS or KSCRS when comparing final functional results between groups (p=0.411).

Conclusion:

The prevalence of positive cultures in reimplantation surgery is higher than expected (25%), and more frequent in women and in knee arthroplasties. The most frequently involved microorganism isStaphylococcus epidermidis, but antibiotic sensitivity varies between patients with positive cultures (methicillin-resistant) and those with contaminated cultures (methicillin-sensitive). There were no infection recurrences in patients with contaminated cultures, but those with positive cultures present a risk of over 20%.
Web Service Discovery Using Bio-Inspired Holistic Matching Based Linked Data Clustering Model for RDF Data
Authors: Mehrotra Manish K. , Kanungo Suvendu
Published: July 2019

Introduction:

Resource Description Framework (RDF) is the de-facto standard language
model for semantic data representation on semantic web. Designing an efficient management of RDF
data with huge volume and efficient querying techniques are the primary research areas in semantic
web.

Methods:

So far, several RDF management methods have been offered with data storage designs and
query processing algorithms for data retrieval. However, these methods do not adequately address the
presence of irrelevant links that degrade the performance of web service discovery. In this paper, we
propose a Bio-inspired Holistic Matching based Linked Data Clustering (BHM-LDC) technique for efficient
management and querying of RDF data. This technique is essentially based on three algorithms
which are designed for RDF data storing, clustering the linked data and web service discovery respectively.
Initially, the BHM-LDC technique store the RDF dataset as graph based linked data.

Results and Discussion:

Then, an Integrated Holistic Entity Matching based Distributed Genetic
Algorithm (IHEM-DGA) is proposed to cluster the linked data. Finally, a sub-graph matching based
web Service discovery Algorithm that uses the clustered triples has been proposed to find the best web
services. Our experimental results reveal the performance of the proposed web service discovery approach
by applying on business RDF dataset.
Classification of Diabetes by Kernel Based SVM with PSO
Authors: Choubey Dilip K. , Tripathi Sudhakar , Kumar Prabhat , Shukla Vaibhav , Dhandhania Vinay K.
Published: July 2019

Background:

The classification method is required to deduce possible errors and assist
the doctors. These methods are used to take suitable decisions in real world applications. It is
well known that classification is an efficient, effective and broadly utilized strategy in several applications
such as medical diagnosis, etc. The prime objective of this research paper is to achieve an
efficient and effective classification method for Diabetes.

Methods:

The proposed methodology comprises two phases: The first phase deals with t h e
description of Pima Indian Diabetes Dataset and Localized Diabetes Dataset, whereas in the second
phase, the dataset has been processed through two different approaches.

Results:

The first approach entails classification through Polynomial Kernel, RBF Kernel, Sigmoid
Function Kernel and Linear Kernel SVM on Pima Indian Diabetes Dataset and Localized Diabetes
Dataset. In the second approach, PSO has been utilized as a feature reduction method followed
by using the same set of classification methods used in the first approach. PSO_Linear
Kernel SVM provides the highest accuracy and ROC for both the above mentioned dataset.

Conclusion:

The present work consists of a comparative analysis of outcomes w.r.t. performance
assessment has been done PSO and without PSO for the same set of classification methods. Finally,
it has been concluded that PSO selects the relevant features, reduces the expense and computation
time while improving the ROC and accuracy. The used methodology could be implemented
in other medical diseases.
Statistical Analysis of Machine Translation Evaluation Systems for English- Hindi Language Pair
Authors: Malik Pooja , Mrudula Y. , Baghel Anurag S.
Published: July 2019

Background:

Automatic Machine Translation (AMT) Evaluation Metrics have become popular
in the Machine Translation Community in recent times. This is because of the popularity of Machine Translation
engines and Machine Translation as a field itself. Translator is a very important tool to break barriers
between communities especially in countries like India, where people speak 22 different languages and their
many variations. With the onset of Machine Translation engines, there is a need for a system that evaluates
how well these are performing. This is where machine translation evaluation enters.

Objective:

This paper discusses the importance of Automatic Machine Translation Evaluation and compares
various Machine Translation Evaluation metrics by performing Statistical Analysis on various metrics and
human evaluations to find out which metric has the highest correlation with human scores.

Methods:

The correlation between the Automatic and Human Evaluation Scores and the correlation between
the five Automatic evaluation scores are examined at the sentence level. Moreover, a hypothesis is set up
and p-values are calculated to find out how significant these correlations are.

Results:

The results of the statistical analysis of the scores of various metrics and human scores are shown
in the form of graphs to see the trend of the correlation between the scores of Automatic Machine Translation
Evaluation metrics and human scores.

Conclusion:

Out of the five metrics considered for the study, METEOR shows the highest correlation with
human scores as compared to the other metrics.
An Automatic Text Summarization Method with the Concern of Covering Complete Formation
Authors: Kongara Srinivasa Rao , Murthy Dasika Sree Rama Chandra , Kancherla Gangadhara Rao
Published: July 2019

Background:

Text summarization is the process of generating a short description of the entire
document which is more difficult to read. This method provides a convenient way of extracting the most
useful information and a short summary of the documents. In the existing research work, this is focused by
introducing the Fuzzy Rule-based Automated Summarization Method (FRASM). Existing work tends to
have various limitations which might limit its applicability to the various real-world applications. The existing
method is only suitable for the single document summarization where various applications such as research
industries tend to summarize information from multiple documents.

Methods:

This paper proposed Multi-document Automated Summarization Method (MDASM) to introduce
the summarization framework which would result in the accurate summarized outcome from the multiple
documents. In this work, multi-document summarization is performed whereas in the existing system only
single document summarization was performed. Initially document clustering is performed using modified
k means cluster algorithm to group the similar kind of documents that provides the same meaning. This is identified
by measuring the frequent term measurement. After clustering, pre-processing is performed by introducing
the Hybrid TF-IDF and Singular value decomposition technique which would eliminate the irrelevant content
and would result in the required content. Then sentence measurement is one by introducing the additional
metrics namely Title measurement in addition to the existing work metrics to accurately retrieve the sentences
with more similarity. Finally, a fuzzy rule system is applied to perform text summarization.

Results:

The overall evaluation of the research work is conducted in the MatLab simulation environment
from which it is proved that the proposed research method ensures the optimal outcome than the existing
research method in terms of accurate summarization. MDASM produces 89.28% increased accuracy,
89.28% increased precision, 89.36% increased recall value and 70% increased the f-measure value which
performs better than FRASM.

Conclusion:

The summarization processes carried out in this work provides the accurate summarized outcome.
Efficient Discrimination between Arabic Dialects
Authors: Bessou Sadik , Sari Racha
Published: July 2019

Background:

With the explosion of communication technologies and the accompanying
pervasive use of social media, we notice an outstanding proliferation of posts, reviews, comments,
and other forms of expressions in different languages. This content attracted researchers from different
fields; economics, political sciences, social sciences, psychology and particularly language
processing. One of the prominent subjects is the discrimination between similar languages and dialects
using natural language processing and machine learning techniques. The problem is usually
addressed by formulating the identification as a classification task.

Methods:

The approach is based on machine learning classification methods to discriminate between
Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) and four regional Arabic dialects: Egyptian, Levantine, Gulf
and North-African. Several models were trained to discriminate between the studied dialects in
large corpora mined from online Arabic newspapers and manually annotated.

Results:

Experimental results showed that n-gram features could substantially improve performance.
Logistic regression based on character and word n-gram model using Count Vectors identified
the handled dialects with an overall accuracy of 95%. Best results were achieved with Linear
Support vector classifier using TF-IDF Vectors trained by character-based uni-gram, bi-gram, trigram,
and word-based uni-gram, bi-gram with an overall accuracy of 95.1%.

Conclusion:

The results showed that n-gram features could substantially improve performance. Additionally,
we noticed that the kind of data representation could provide a significant performance
boost compared to simple representation.
Logistic Step Size Based Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm for Optimum Induction Motor Speed Control
Authors: Sharma Fani B. , Kapoor Shashi R.
Published: July 2019

Background:

The disruption in the parameters of Induction Motor (IM) is quite frequent.
In case of substantial parameter disruption, the IM becomes unreliable.

Methods:

To deal with this complication of parameter disruption, the Proportional-Integral (PI) controllers
are utilized. The selection of PI controller parameters is process dependent and any inappropriate
selection of controller setting may diverge to instability. Nowadays, the tuning of PI controller
parameters for IM is executed using a significant SI algorithm namely, Artificial Bee Colony
(ABC) algorithm. Further, the ABC algorithm is amended based on inspiration from the mathematical
logistic formula.

Results and Conclusion:

The propound algorithm is titled as a logistic ABC algorithm and is applied
for PI controller tuning of IM. The outcomes reveal that the propound algorithm performs better
as compared to other state-of-art strategies available in the literature.
Withdrawal Notice: Highly Efficient Microwave Aided Synthesis of Some New Benzofuran Endowed Pyrazolyl-Pyrazoline Hybrids of Coumarins and their Antimicrobial Screening
Authors: Giri Rakesh R. , Lad Hemali B. , Brahmbhatt Dinkar I.
Published: July 2019

The article has been withdrawn at the request of the authors and editor of the journal "Current Microwave Chemistry."

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may cause.

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of their article is transferred to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for publication.
Implementing Haemovigilance in India as a National Perspective
Authors: Mano Vignesh , Kumar Raman S.
Published: July 2019

Haemovigilance is an organized and effective process of monitoring, identifying, reporting,
investigating and analyzing adverse events and reactions in case of blood transfusion and
during the manufacturing process of blood products. This system ensures the quality and safety
aspects of blood transfusion, that bring out corrective and preventing actions and advancement in
the transfusion system. Nowadays, most of the developed countries have implemented Haemovigilance
in order to monitor adverse reactions and events associated with blood donation and
transfusion. This review article is about steps that are required to be taken for the implementation
of Haemovigilance on a National level as an Indian perspective.
SYSTEM OF CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT OF ACCESS ON THE BASIS OF ARDUINO MICROCONTROLLERS
Authors: Buzhinskaya N. V. , Vaseva E. S. , Iskandarov R. N. , Shubina N. V.
Published: July 2019

Objectives. The aim of the study is to select methods and means for the effective modernization of the security system existing in the enterprise.

Method. It is proposed to improve the access control mode using the access control system based on ARDUINO microcontrollers. To highlight the functions of the system and the requirements for it were built UML-diagrams. On the basis of these diagrams, the balls have developed a schematic electrical diagram of the hardware of the system with an indication of all its elements. At the next stage, an algorithm was proposed for the operation of the hardware of the access control system. The implementation of a part of the algorithm for information exchange between the device and the information system is shown in the form of a sketch using the example of packet transmission over an Ethernet network using the TCP protocol. An intuitive interface has been developed for interaction between the access control system and the end user. The necessary information is stored in a database created in a Microsoft SQL Server environment.

Result. The developed system was tested at the enterprise by means of sketches and a multimeter. Test results allow us to conclude that the system is ready for implementation. Conclusion. The article describes one of the methods for upgrading the existing access control system through a more user-friendly interface and the addition of entry/exit functions.

Acknowledgments. The work was commissioned by the company LLC «Kalinin Baranchinsky Electromechanical Plant».
CONSIDERATION OF SIGNIFICANT FACTORS AND LIMITATIONS IN THE STUDY AND DEVELOPMENT OF PASSIVELY RESERVED AIRCRAFT SUBSYSTEMS, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT TOLERANCES
Authors: Grishin V. M. , Tuan W. Ch.
Published: July 2019

Objectives.The relevance of this article lies in the fact that the problem of increasing the reliability of subsystems of aviation and rocket and space technology in case of sudden independent refusals determines one of the important areas of scientific research. The work is aimed at identifying and analyzing specific features that must be considered when researching and developing passively redundant subsystems, taking into account tolerances in case of sudden independent failures.

Method.During the study, calculations were carried out using the methods of probability, search. The necessity of taking into account assigned and implemented tolerances, multiple and non-multiple reservation, discrete scales of realizable tolerances with different levels of significance, critical probabilities, determining the probability ranges of elements, where redundancy is profitable and unprofitable, is shown.

Result.The possibility of implementing any tolerance for different values of a number of increasing individual multiplicities is revealed, which allows for a given tolerance to pose the task of finding the optimal multiplicity and its corresponding optimal backup structure in the interests of ensuring maximum reliability of the redundant subsystems. Analysis of the presented dependencies for the implemented tolerances of the first and second levels shows that for each tolerance level there are equilibrium values ???????????? at which the critical values of p_kr practically do not change depending on the multiplicities ????????.

Conclusion. A different nature of the change in the critical probabilities ???????????? was found depending on the multiplicities for different values of the tolerances to be realized. So, with tolerances of the first level, larger than 25%, with increasing multiplicity, p_kr increases and smaller than 25% decreases with increasing multiplicity. The similar nature of the change in the p_kr values has a 28.6% tolerance for the implemented second-level tolerances.
CALCULATION OF THE FLAT BENDING SHAPE STABILITY OF RECTANGULAR CROSS SECTION BEAMS WITH REGARD TO CREEP
Authors: Zotov I. M. , Chepurnenko A. S. , Yazyev S. B.
Published: July 2019

Objectives. The article presents the conclusion of the resolving equation for calculating the stability of the flat form of deformation of prismatic beams, taking into account the rheological properties of the material.

Method. The problem is reduced to a second-order differential equation for the twist angle, which is solved numerically by the finite difference method in combination with the Euler method.

Result. The obtained differential equation allows one to take into account the presence of initial imperfections in the form of the initial deflection of the beam, the initial angle of twist, and also the eccentricity of the applied load. The solution of the test problem for a cantilever polymer beam under the action of a concentrated force is presented. The non-linear Maxwell-Gurevich equation is used as the creep law. The value of the long-term critical load is introduced and it is shown that with a load less than the long-term critical creep is limited. It has been established that, as with the squeezed rods, with a load less than the long-term critical, the growth rate of the displacements with time decays. When F = F_dl, the displacements grow at a constant speed, and when F> F_dl, the growth rate of displacements increases with time. The results obtained confirm the validity of the chosen method.

Conclusion. A universal resolving equation is obtained for calculating the stability of a flat shape of bending of rectangular beams, suitable for arbitrary creep laws.
MODELING OF HEAT EXCHANGE AT TURBULENT FLOW IN FLAT CHANNELS WITH SYMMETRIC TURBULIZERS ON BOTH PARTIES
Authors: Lobanov I. E.
Published: July 2019

Objectives. Mathematical modeling of heat transfer in flat channels with turbulators symmetrically located on both its sides, depending on the cross section of the turbulators.

Methods. The calculation was carried out on the basis of a theoretical method based on solving the Reynolds equations factorized by the finite-volume finite-volume method, closed using the Menter shear stress transfer model, and the energy equation on multi-scale intersecting structured grids (FCOM), which was successfully tested in [23].

Results. The article results of calculating the intensified heat exchange in flat channels with double turbulators of different cross sections (square, rectangular, semicircular, triangular) depending on the determining parameters were quite satisfactorily consistent with the existing experimental material, but having an indisputable advantage over the latter, since the assumptions made in their derivation cover a much wider range of defining parameters than the limitations found in the experiments (Pr=0.7÷100, Re=103÷106, h/dE =0.005÷0.2, t/h=1÷200).

Conclusion. According to the results of calculations on the basis of the developed model, it is possible to optimize heat transfer intensification in flat channels with double turbulators of different cross sections, as well as control the heat transfer intensification process. As shown by the calculated data, with the intensification of heat transfer in the flat channels, symmetrical protrusions of square, rectangular and triangular cross sections, i.e. relatively sharp outlines, in the vortices up to the protrusions and behind them the production of turbulence is comparable to energy dissipation, which leads to increased hydraulic losses; for flat channels with protrusions of a semicircular cross section, i.e. relatively smooth outlines, the energy dissipation is much smaller, therefore, the hydraulic resistance in such channels is less. A detailed analysis of the structure of the vortex zones (main, angular, secondary, etc.) between periodic surface flow turbulators of square, semicircular, triangular and rectangular cross sections depending on the geometric and regime parameters of the coolant flow was carried out, the effect of the above vortex zones heat transfer and hydraulic resistance of the channel; additionally confirmed the optimality of application to abrutized turbulators, where hydraulic losses are much smaller than for sharp turbulators, which is directly or indirectly verified by existing experimental material [1—6].
DETERMINATION OF THE DEPENDENCE OF GENERALIZED COORDINATES OF THE MECHANISM OF THE BASIC DEVICE WITH EXCESSIVE MOBILITY
Authors: Antonov V. O. , Petrenko V. I. , Sychkov V. B. , Tebueva F. B.
Published: July 2019

Objectives. The article considers the problem of accuracy in determining the generalized coordinates of the lever mechanisms of the copy-type setting devices with the condition of excessive mobility. The purpose of the article is to determine the analytical dependence of the generalized coordinates of the mechanism of the copy-type setting device with excess mobility.

Method. The article describes the principle of forming generic coordinates of a copy-type setting device for controlling a three-link anthropomorphic manipulator with 7 degrees of mobility, which allows determining the position of any desired points of a copy-type device for controlling a three-link anthropomorphic manipulator with 7 degrees of mobility by solving the inverse kinematics problem.

Result. Matrices for finding the position of the nodes of the manipulator in space are constructed. Matrices of rotation transformations around generatrix axes and the corresponding formulas for finding the coordinates of the end node are given. The formulas for the transition to the local coordinate system of the corresponding links and the formation of the absolute values of the coordinates are described.

Conclusion. A complex relationship has been revealed that allows one to calculate the absolute values of the coordinates of the wrist joint at known angles between the links and the angles of rotation of the joints. The presented method of determining the coordinates of the system allows to simplify the calculated part and increase the accuracy of determining the end points, which entails a comprehensive increase in the performance of the system “master device - robot”.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF COOLING JET FROM HYDROGEN AND DEUTERIUM AS APPLICABLE TO INSTALLATIONS ON RECEIVING CRYOGENIC MONODISPERSE TARGETS
Authors: Bukharov A. V. , Ginevsky A. F. , Vishnevsky E. V.
Published: July 2019

Objectives. Development of a model and carrying out numerical calculations for the cooling of thin jets of Hydrogen and Deuterium as applicable to installations on receiving cryogenic monodisperse targets.

Methods. To achieve this purpose, the model of cryogenic jet outflow into the low pressure area was created and using PHOENICS software the temperature change of the surface and the interior of a jet over time for various external parameters is investigated through the numerical method.

Result. The dependences of temperature changes of liquid Hydrogen and Deuterium jets along the jet surface and along the radius depending on the jet diameter, speed, initial jet temperature and pressure in the working chamber of installations for receiving cryogenic monodisperse targets were carried out.

Conclusion. The principal possibility of creating high-speed cryogenic monodisperse targets is shown. According to the calculations, at input of thin liquid jets of Hydrogen or Deuterium with a speed up to 100 m/s into the working chamber with low pressure, jets at a distance of up to 1 mm do not have time to freeze and can be broken into monodisperse drops. Drops are cooled due to evaporation and become granules. The developed model, the program for determination of parameters of steady monodisperse disintegration of liquid cryogenic streams and results of numerical calculations can be used during creation of units for receiving high-speed cryogenic monodisperse targets.
Comment to the Article „Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Hoffa’s Fat Pad“
Authors: Bagnenko S. S.
Published: July 2019

.
Isolated and Multilevel Spondylolysis (Literature Review)
Authors: Skryabin E. G.
Published: July 2019

One of the main causes of lumbar spine pain is spondylolysis. The purpose of this review is to present the current state of the problem of diagnosis and treatment isolated and multilevel spondylolysis.Materials and Methods. The review includes 86 publications on the problem of spondylolysis for 2005–2019, obtained from electronic databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, eLIBRARY, CYBERLENINKA.Results. There is still the only known classification of spondylolysis by P. Niggemann et al, which includes four severity of this pathology — from mild to very severe: A, BI, BII, BIII. The classification is based on the nature of changes in the area of bone defect of the vertebral arch when the patient performs functional tests. In some cases, the pathology can be regarded as a transition between different degrees of severity of type B. The treatment of spondylolysis can be both conservative and operational. The conservative therapy consists of physical activity restriction, physiotherapy, wearing a corset, massage, and pharmacotherapy. The purpose of surgical treatment is the removal of fibrous tissue from the zone of spondylolysis and the achievement in this area the bone fusion via a bone autoplasty and(or) osteosynthesis with different metal frameworks. Reasoned arguments about the need for a combination of conservative and surgical treatment of patients with spondylolysis are also reflected in the publications. Information on multilevel spondylolysis is represented by a small number of articles. only 15 authors described clinical cases of multilevel spondylolysis in a total of 21 patients. Spondylolysis is a high risk factor for the spondylolisthesis formation. Among the various categories of patients suffering from spondylolysis and lumbar spondylolysis spondylolisthesis, pregnant women are of particular interest. Hormonal restructuring and changes in the biomechanics of the spine in women during the gestational period often leads to the appearance or intensification pain syndrome in lumbar spine complicating the pregnancy, and hence a fetus development.Conclusion. Timely diagnosis of spondylolysis and the subsequent development of individual rehabilitation not only improves the quality of life of patients, but in some cases can prevent such a serious pathology as spondylolisthesis.
Comment to the Article „Classifications of Acetabular Defects: Do They Provide an Objective Evidence for Complexity of Revision Hip Joint Arthroplasty? (Critical Literature Review and Own Cases)“
Authors: Danilyak V. V.
Published: July 2019

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Postoperative Analgesia after Total Knee Arthroplasty: a Comparative Analysis of Current Treatment Techniques Effectiveness
Authors: Tarasov D. A. , Lychagin A. V. , Rukin Ya. A. , Kozhevnikov V. A. , Yavorovskiy A. G. , Strokov A. V.
Published: July 2019

The objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of high-volume local infiltration and epidural analgesic techniques after primary total knee arthroplasty versus standard systemic multimodal analgesia in the context of the postoperative analgesia protocols.Materials and Methods. A single-center randomized comparative study included 84 patients who, from august 2017 to august 2018, underwent a primary total knee arthroplasty. Depending on the method of postoperative analgesia, we randomized patients into 3 groups. Group A consisted of 32 patients who received intraoperative infiltration of periarticular tissues with 0.2% solution of ropivacaine in combination with adrenaline and subsequent bolus injection of a local anesthetic solution via a catheter inserted into the wound. Group B included patients who received epidural analgesia with a constant infusion of a 0.2% solution of ropivacaine (n = 28). In patients of group C, neither regional nor local analgesia techniques were used for postoperative analgesia (n = 24). All patients received standard systemic multimodal analgesia using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and tramadol. The pain intensity was measured by vas when the patient was motionless, and during knee flexion (before surgery, after surgery on resolution of motor block and during the initial postoperative 24 h), side-effects were recorded.Results. The patients of Group C, during knee flexion in the postoperative period, reported the highest pain scores (6 (5; 8) during the initial postoperative 12 h and 6 (5; 6) during the initial postoperative 24 h). Severe pain, resistant to therapy and requiring the administration of narcotic analgesics (morphine 1.0 mg), was noted in 5 (15.6%) patients in group A and in 10 (41.6%) in group C, in contrast to patients of group B, where no pain was recorded in any patient, p = 0.056, p = 0.037 and p0.0001. Hypotension was observed only in group B in 6 (22%) patients. Intra-articular and other infectious complications among all patients were not recorded.Conclusion. High-volume local infiltration analgesia as a modality of postoperative analgesia is not inferior in the effectiveness to the epidural analgesia, does not require strict monitoring and is accompanied by a lower incidence of side-effects and complications, which can make it the procedure of choice in multimodal analgesia schemes for total knee arthroplasty.
Comment to the Article „Foot Function Disorders in Children with Severe Spondylolisthesis of L5 Vertebra“
Authors: Mushkin A. Yu.
Published: July 2019

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Early Outcomes of Patient-Specific Modular Cones for Substitution of Methaphysial and Diaphysial Bone Defects in Revision Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Cherny A. A. , Kovalenko A. N. , Bilyk S. S. , Denisov A. O. , Kazemirskiy A. V. , Kulyaba T. A. , Kornilov N. N.
Published: July 2019

The aim of this study was the assessment of early outcomes of patient-specific three-dimensional titanium cones with specified porosity parameters to compensate for extensive metaphysical-diaphyseal bone defects in RTKA.Materials and Methods. Since 2017 till 2019 30 patient-specific titanium cones (12 femoral and 18 tibial) implanted during 26 RTKAS. Clinical outcomes evaluated using KSS, WOMAC and fjS-12 scoring systems on average 10 (2–18) months after surgery. At the same time the stability of implant fixation analyzed using frontal, lateral and axial knee roentgenograms.Results. During all procedures there were no technical difficulties in positioning and implantation of custom-made titanium cones. At the time of preparation of the publication, none of the patients had indications for further surgical intervention, as well as intra- and postoperative complications. Six months after surgery all scores improved significantly: KSS from 23 (2–42, SD 19.96) to 66.5 (62–78, SD 7.68), WOMAC from 59 (56–96, SD 28.31) to 32.25 (19–46, SD 11.76), the index FJS-12 was 29.16 points (0–68.75, SD 30.19). The average scores continued to improve up to 18 months: KSS — 97.5 (88–108, SD 9.14), WOMAC — 16.5 (9–24, SD 6.45), FJS-12 — 45.85 (25–75, SD 22.03). No radiolucent lines were noticed during this period of observation.Conclusion. The original additive technology of designing and producing patient-specific titanium cones for compensation of extensive metaphyseal-diaphyseal bone defects in RTKA is a valid solution at least in the short term. A longer follow-up period is required to assess its medium-and long-term reliability compared to existing alternative surgical solutions.
Comment to the Article „Classification for Haglund’s Syndrome (Deformity)“
Authors: Berezhnoy S. Yu.
Published: July 2019

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The effect of neonatal visit to exclusive breastfeeding
Authors: Elsera Chori
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT 

Background: The infant mortality rate in Indonesia is still very high at around 32 per 1,000 live births. This number is still very far from the MDGs by 2015 that is 23 per 1,000 live births. Indonesia ranks 10 out of 18 countries in ASEAN. Coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia is still low and decreasing every year.  It is inversely proportional to the scope of neonates visits to 90% more. Activities carried out during the visit of neonates among other vital signs checks, counseling and exclusive breastfeeding infant care, vaccination, treatment and referral of cases.

Objectives: To determine the influence of neonatal visits to exclusive breastfeeding, evaluate the relationship of education, knowledge, work, place and birth attendants, gestational age and birth weight, family support exclusive breastfeeding.

Methods: An observational study and case-control design were used with a quantitative approach. The samples in this study were mothers with babies aged 6 to 9 months at the time of the study that met the inclusion criteria. The total sample were 158 respondents, that were divided into 2 groups, 79 in the case group and 79 in the control group. The sampling technique with simple random sampling. Data was collected by was conducted interviews with questionnaires and secondary data. Analysis of the data used univariate analysis with frequency distribution table, with Chi-square bivariate and multivariate logistic regression.

Results: The result of this study showed 76.6% of respondents were worker, 90.5%, 63.95 had higher education history. There was a significant relationship between neonatal visit with exclusive breastfeeding with p = 0.026 (OR 0.488, 95% CI 0.259 to 0.92). External variables that most influence on exclusive breastfeeding was working with a value of p = 0.016 (OR 2.878, 95% CI 1.217 to 6.805).

Conclusions:  Visits neonates influencedexclusive breastfeeding in Klaten. Employment is the most influential factor for exclusive breastfeeding.

KEYWORDS: exclusive breastfeeding, neonates, visits neonates
The Pros and Cons of Bringing Children up Bilingually
Authors: Kheder Rasool Mohammed
Published: July 2019

The advisability of bringing children up bilingually is always questionable by the parents in general, but it is of vital importance for the parents of those children who are born within cross-national relationships. The current paper highlights the benefits and negative aspects of so doing from various points of view available in the related literature. It deals chiefly with assessing the parents’ situations and suggesting appropriate approaches to them for decision making when they want to raise their children bilingually. Although qualitative method of research including the descriptive and argumentative methods are used for the majority parts of the study, the instances of the writer’s bilingual experience are also mentioned as an outstanding proof in a case study. Whilst most of the common strategies for bringing children up bilingually are given in the current study, there are, of course, some other strategies for various circumstances. Other studies are recommended to focus mainly on strategies and reveal them for those parents who are eager to raise bilingual children.
Real-Time Detection of Behavioral Anomalies of Older People Using Artificial Intelligence (The 3-PEGASE Study): Protocol for a Real-Life Prospective Trial
Authors: Piau Antoine , Lepage Benoit , Bernon Carole , Gleizes Marie-Pierre , Nourhashemi Fati
Published: July 2019

Background

Most frail older persons are living at home, and we face difficulties in achieving seamless monitoring to detect adverse health changes. Even more important, this lack of follow-up could have a negative impact on the living choices made by older individuals and their care partners. People could give up their homes for the more reassuring environment of a medicalized living facility. We have developed a low-cost unobtrusive sensor-based solution to trigger automatic alerts in case of an acute event or subtle changes over time. It could facilitate older adults’ follow-up in their own homes, and thus support independent living.

Objective

The primary objective of this prospective open-label study is to evaluate the relevance of the automatic alerts generated by our artificial intelligence–driven monitoring solution as judged by the recipients: older adults, caregivers, and professional support workers. The secondary objective is to evaluate its ability to detect subtle functional and cognitive decline and major medical events.

Methods

The primary outcome will be evaluated for each successive 2-month follow-up period to estimate the progression of our learning algorithm performance over time. In total, 25 frail or disabled participants, aged 75 years and above and living alone in their own homes, will be enrolled for a 6-month follow-up period.

Results

The first phase with 5 participants for a 4-month feasibility period has been completed and the expected completion date for the second phase of the study (20 participants for 6 months) is July 2020.

Conclusions

The originality of our real-life project lies in the choice of the primary outcome and in our user-centered evaluation. We will evaluate the relevance of the alerts and the algorithm performance over time according to the end users. The first-line recipients of the information are the older adults and their care partners rather than health care professionals. Despite the fast pace of electronic health devices development, few studies have addressed the specific everyday needs of older adults and their families.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03484156; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03484156

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/14245
INHIBITION ACTIVITY OF CLEOME SPECIES EXTRACT ON ONION GUEST ROOT
Authors: CHUNHAKARN SUTTHIDUEAN , YINGSANGA PRAKAIDAO , MATHURASA LADA
Published: July 2019

Objective: Biological control is useful in agricultural. Allelopathy plays an important factor in crop productivity. The effect of allelopathy is able to produce and release allelochemicals or phytochemicals to inhibit or stimulate seed germination, seeding growth, shoot and root growth of other crops. The aim of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory activity of Cleome viscose and Cleome spinosa extracts on onion guest roots length.Methods: The whole plants of C. viscose and C. spinosa were extracted with dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methanol and distilled water, respectively. Each group of onion guests was sprayed at various concentrations as 100, 200, 400, 800 and 1600 parts per million for the treatment. The root growth was measured every day for 1 month.Results: At concentration of 1600 ppm, methanol crude extract of C. spinose showed the highest percent inhibitory activity value of 91.68. Ethyl acetate and methanol crude extracts of C. viscose showed strong inhibitory activity with percentage values of 90.17 and 90.90, respectively, at concentration of 1600 ppm. Moreover, the methanol extract of C. viscose and C. spinosa evaluated higher inhibitory activity than other solvent. However, distilled water crude extract of C. spinose showed weak inhibitory activity with the percentage value of 40.05 at concentration of 1600 ppm.Conclusions: In this study, the methanol crude extract of C. spinose showed potent inhibitory activity on root growth. Moreover, ethyl acetate and methanol crude extracts of C. viscose evaluated strong inhibitory activity. C. viscose and C. spinosa extracts possessed allelochemicals for postharvest biology and technology in plants.
A NATURAL PRODUCT DECURSIN ENHANCES THE RADIOSENSITIZATION OF IONIZING RADIATION AGAINST DMBA-INDUCED TUMOR
Authors: SHEHZAD ADEEB , ZAHID HIRA , MUHAMMAD WAZIR , AHMAD RIZWAN , AL-SUHAIMI EBTESAM A
Published: July 2019

Objective: Radiation therapy has gained significant attention for the treatment and prevention of solid and malignant human tumors. However, after periodical exposures, radiation therapy losses its efficacy against cancer cells displaying radio-resistant phenotypes. Therefore, decursin might improve the efficiency of radiotherapy against a variety of human cancers.

Methods: The chemopreventive efficacy of decursin was evaluated against B16F10 cancer cell lines and DMBA/croton oil-induced skin carcinogenesis in BALB/c mice. Decursin was administered intraperitoneal at the dose of 20 mg/kg/day for 8 weeks following exposure to 5 Gy of ionizing radiation (IR) after 1 month of DMBA application. Western blot was performed for underlying mechanism of radioresistance.

Results: Decursin suppressed the proliferation and viability of melanoma cancer cell lines in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The in vivo data collected from mice model revealed that decursin reduced the precancerous skin lesions and the incidence of tumor bearing in radiation-exposed mice. Decursin also enhanced the effect of IR by downregulation of Akt/NFκB pathway through activation of IκBα.

Conclusion: Our results suggest that the activation of Akt/NFκB establishes a pro-survival response to radiation that may account for the development of radioresistance. Decursin blocks the abnormal expression of these proteins and potentiates the radiotherapeutic effect.