bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IPTEKS PENGUATAN BADAN PENELITIAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN DAERAH PROVINSI SULAWESI UTARA PASCA PENERAPAN PERATURAN PEMERINTAH TENTANG INOVASI DAERAH
Authors: Humiang Faisal , Rimbing Sheron H.R. , Sumanti Alva O. , Pontoh Winston
Published: June 2019

Article 386 paragraph 1 of Law Number 23 Year 2014 concerning Regional Government which made for increasing the regional government’s performance. The innovation that took place in the city of Manado in 2016 was a successful innovation in the region. After the issuance of Government Regulation Number 38 of 2017 concerning Regional Innovation, it’s stated that regional innovation is organized by the head of the Research and Development Agency (R & D). Applying a qualitative approach through literature studies. It aims to contribute ideas about various efforts that can be done by R & D of Manado City institutions in carrying out their functions in Government Regulation Number 38 of 2017 concerning Regional Innovation. Agencies must be the organization responsible for regional innovation by providing solutions for regional innovation, becoming the Independent Team Coordinator to deal with problems that occur in these countries. Agencies must carry out additional budgets to support tasks to improve the Regional Innovation System.Keyword :Regional innovation, agency and governments.
IPTEKS PENINGKATAN PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH (PAD) BADAN PENGELOLA PAJAK DAN RETRIBUSI DAERAH KOTA MANADO
Authors: Mewo Angelia Natashia Martina , Kalalo Meily Yoke Betsy
Published: June 2019

Regional tax is the price paid for the area being developed by the region and for the region. Regional tax realization is very influential on regional revenue (PAD). The purpose of this study is to look at tax revenues in the city in this case the Tax Management and Retribution Agency of the City of Manado. The method used is descriptive method because this study consists of explanatory words. This study gets tangible results from knowing 2016 until 2017 there has been an increase. However, there are still several types of local taxes that have decreased. Therefore, the city of Manado or BP2RD must have more or more obligations that still do not have the awareness to guide taxes, so that tax revenues / realization in the city of Manado will continue to increase.Keywords : regional tax, collection, local revenue
IPTEKS PENGGUNAAN MODAL PADA USAHA KECIL DAN MENENGAH MENGGUNAKAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN AKUNTANSI
Authors: Lonto Tesalonika Theresa Mutiara , Pangerapan Sonny
Published: June 2019

Small and medium enterprises are businesses run by a person / group of people to build a business. To run it you should use financial statements with an accounting information system. Because, using financial statements can find out the advantages and disadvantages of the business being run. When starting a business, we must find out the strategic place and market share that will become the place of business to run. By doing all that is needed we can do business well. Through this research, it was explained how to run a business by getting a loan from the Office of Cooperatives and Small and Medium Enterprises and ways to obtain these loans. This study also aims to find out how to run a business using financial statements with accounting information systems.Keywords: evaluating, effectiveness, grant disbursement procedure
IPTEKS EDUKASI DALAM PENGAMATAN MELAKUKAN TRANSAKSI PERDAGANGAN KOMODITI BERJANGKA PADA PERUSAHAAN PIALANG PT. VICTORY INTERNATIONAL FUTURES
Authors: Watupongoh Sharon Cornelia , Latjandu Lady Diana
Published: June 2019

PT. Victory International Futures was established in 2003 as a brokerage company in the world financial market that uses information technology to support its business. Centered in the city of Surabaya in the heart of the Indonesian business city. PT. Victory International Futures is one of the institutions recognized by the Indonesian government. We provide 100% focus on trading via the internet using the "Meta Trader 5" system PT. Victory International Futures is under the supervision of the Commodity Futures Trading (BAPPEBTI), Member of Indonesia Commodity & Derivatives Exchanges (ICDX) / Indonesian Commodity and Derivative Exchange (BKDI) and PT. Identrust Security International (ISI). Time never stops in the era of global trade and so does PT. Victory International Futures serves thousands of customers directly and always provides quality and professional financial services.Keywords : brokerage company, gold, forex, trading system via the internet
IPTEKS PENGENDALIAN INTERN ASET TETAP PADA PT. LUMBUNG BERKAT INDONESIA
Authors: Makaluas Jesella Lourina , Pontoh Winston
Published: June 2019

PT Lumbung Berkat Indonesia, as a company entity engaged in construction, of course, this company has various types of fixed assets. The Company's fixed assets should be secured by means of internal controls of fixed assets that will oversee, control costs incurred to acquire fixed assets, increase or extend the fixed asset's useful life and increase operational contribution and productive capacity of fixed assets in order to safeguard the company's property. Based on the research that has been done at PT Lumbung Berkat Indonesia and the existing discussion, the conclusion that can be taken is that the internal control of fixed assets will run efficiently if the points that exist in the elements of control environment, risk assessment, control activities, related information , and monitoring has been well executed amongst companies to perform physical matching of fixed assets, appropriate division of functions and responsibilities, separating expenditures of income and expenses, following insurance against fixed assets, creating audit committees and implementing the abolition and disposal of fixed assets. Suggestions for better companies to explore the knowledge and application of internal control of good fixed assets for corporate activities to run effectively and efficiently and the presentation of financial statements and information about the company's fixed assets is accurate and reliable.Keywords: Internal Control, Fixed Assets
IPTEKS PENGHITUNGAN PAJAK PERTAMBAHAN NILAI (PPN) BERBASIS E-FAKTUR (STUDI KASUS PADA PT. BERKAT REHOBOT)
Authors: Lumikis Riri I. C. , Ilat Ventje
Published: June 2019

The applied of knowledge, technology, and art about determining the Value Added Tax (VAT) is very important for a company so not over the government regulations. The company need to know how to determine Value Added Tax (VAT) in case of calculating, recording, and reporting especially while using a system called e-Faktur. PT. Berkat Rehobot is the object for this study in term to give a good example for most of other companies about how to determine Value Added Tax (VAT) in Indonesia according to government regulation number 42 in year 2009 especially with Director General of Tax Regulation No. PER-16 / PJ / 2014.Keywords: VAT Recording, Counting and Reporting
IPTEKS PENGHITUNGAN PAJAK PENGHASILAN TERUTANG BERDASARKAN PP NOMOR 23 TAHUN 2018 DI KELURAHAN MALENDENG KECAMATAN PAAL 2 KOTA MANADO
Authors: Budiarso Novi Swandari , Pontoh Winston , Wokas Heince R. N.
Published: June 2019

One source for implementing national development is tax revenue that reaches 75% of current state revenues, with the existence of taxes, the state can carry out development aimed at the welfare of the community itself. In fact, the voluntary awareness and concern of taxpayers is very difficult to realize if it is not forced, meaning that people are required to pay taxes in order to build a national economy. Tax collection itself still has many obstacles and challenges that come from the community itself, for example; awareness of paying taxes is still lacking in the community, the crisis of public confidence in the government and understanding of taxation itself is still very poor in terms of calculations, payments up to reporting (in this case Calculating Own Taxes - Self Assessment System), so often cause obstacles in paying taxes themselves. Malendeng, Paal 2 Subdistrict, Manado City as part of an interesting autonomous region to be observed specifically considering 1,305 taxpayers, land and building taxes, but the realization of the is only around 60.53%, namely from the small industries and household handicrafts, the medium and large industrial sectors and the service sector as well as tax revenues on the control of economic assets of the community. The problems are 1) Lack of knowledge, especially small businesses about taxes related to partner businesses and 2) Lack of ability to do tax calculation and reporting related to partner businesses, while the solutions offered are 1) Transfer of knowledge about taxes in connection with small businesses and, 2) Transfer expertise regarding tax calculation and reporting related to partner business. The method used is 2 (two) ways, namely lecture and training, lecture method with presentation techniques of material concerning taxation material, especially those involving small entrepreneurs, namely Income Tax. The training method is carried out with a simple case study of the calculation and reporting of income tax.The results achieved were an increase in the knowledge of the Malendeng villagers about income tax for micro, small and medium enterprises and an increase in the community's ability to calculate and report income taxes.Keywords : Income Tax, Small Industries, Self Assessment System
Biological efficiently of cooked sausages protein
Authors: Fursik O. , Strashynskyi I. , Pasichnyi V. , Svyatnenko R
Published: June 2019

Food proteins, besides being used as sources of energy and providing the body with amino acids for the protein synthesis, are important biological objects that help maintain the overall health of a person, participate in the growth and development of the organism, and the functioning of cellular metabolism. Due to the ability of maintaining a balance between anabolic and catabolic metabolism, industrial proteins have achieved the status of a biologically active ingredient or substance that promotes health, which is associated with the placement of peptides or amino acids in the chain encoded in each protein. The article presents the data of conducted researches on the influence of created functional composition containing protein (FCP) of the given composition and properties on SCORE and indicators of  biological efficiency  of cooked sausages proteins. Biological value, as a criterion for evaluating the protein, is very important for determining the effectiveness of its use by the organism. The product's amino acid composition is one of the indicators of its biological value. As a result of the obtained data analysis on the study of the experimental cooked sausage's amino acid composition, it was found that the experimental samples using the FCP were balanced by the content of essential amino acids in comparison with the control sample. For a experimental sample number 1 using FCP in combination with red poultry compared to the control sample, the number of all essential amino acids is increased by an average of 67.2%. For the experimental sample number 2 using FCP combined with mechanical deboned poultry meat (MDPM), there is a decrease in the number of amino acids such as lysine, valine, sulfur-containing (compared to the experimental sample number 1), the SCORE for which is less than 100%. Calculating the indicator of biological value and comparative redundancy, and the coefficients of differentiation the amino acid composition (CDAAC) and utility, generalized the effect of FCP on the biological efficiency of the product's protein. The use of FCP in the cooked sausages technology in the amount of 30% increases the biological value of experimental samples by an average of 3%, utilitarian utilization rate – by 8.4%, and reduces the comparative redundancy by an average of 50%, CDAAC – by 4% compared to the control sample. Replacement of the meat raw material developed by the FCP in the recipes of cooked sausages increases and balances the amino acid composition of the experimental samples.
The prophylactic granola development with increased iodine content
Authors: Kalugina I. , Dzyuba N. , Yakymenko I.
Published: June 2019

The article is dedicated to development of dry breakfasts meals technology with a high nutritional value in order to prevent iodine deficit and its unfavorable affects in Ukrainian nation. The research purpose is a scientific justification and development a new recipe composition and technology of a new prophylactic dish – granola with increased iodine content. The implementation became possible due to successful combination, in terms of nutrient content optimization in the new dish recipe from natural raw material with high nutritional value, as candied feijoa, honey, oat flakes, sesame seeds, flax, pumpkin, sunflower and chia. The article substantiates the feasibility of producing and introducing innovative dry-breakfast production technologies, including granola, using iodine-containing plant components, namely candied feijoa, since this will solve an important problem of the iodine deficiency and other important essential nutrients in diets, as well as increase of efficiency their digestibility, which will improve the population health. Feijoa fruits contain almost a daily dose of iodine (70–100 μg/100 g) and a complex of biologically active substances. The potassium iodide is a very unstable compound, it destroys as a result of temperature rise, which leads to significant iodine los. Owing to this, in order to maximize the useful properties of Feijoa fruits in the production of candied fruits, we used a savvy technology of infrared drying at relatively low temperatures (T = 55–60 °C) in AVERNO drier. To form a clearer and more complete picture of the candied feijoa influence on the change of the new dish properties, there were developed recipient granola formulations, containing this fruit component in the amount of 22% to the mass of the finished dish, as well as without it. The study’s results have shown that the candied feijoa adding improves the organoleptic characteristics of the granola. It was established that,due to the addition of candiedfaijoa,the granola’s titrated acidity increases by more than 2.6 times. Thehumidity of granola samples with candied feijoa is increased by 6.8% and is within the recommended limits for a dry fruit breakfast. It has been proved that the candied feijoa granola addition in the formulation allows the product to be substantially enriched with iodine. Thus, iodine content in candied feijoagranola is 26 μg/100 g. Based on the comparative analysis of the organoleptic, physicochemical and microbiological parameters, the optimum ratio of the recipe components was substantiated and the technology of prophylactic granola with high iodine content was developed.
Analysis of innovative technologies of hydrogels from uronate polysaccharides and biodegradable films on their basis
Authors: Kondratiuk N. V. , Stepanova T. M. , Chernushenko O. O.
Published: June 2019

The article is devoted to the analysis of the state and dynamics of scientific developments in the field of creating products for life and health, based on hydrogels from uronate polysaccharides (HUP). The article is reflected the results of the global scientific research monitoring and their changes in the field of technologies for the creation and use of HUP. The results of a retrospective analysis of existing technologies based on poorly studied in the field of food technologies uronic acids, as glucuronic, idouronic, hyaluronic were presented. The study showed, that nowadays the industry of products with their content is acquiring market traits, although it has insufficient scientific substantiation. Development segments with widely used uronate polysaccharides – pectins and alginates – according to the types of hydrogels (swollen hydrogel, cross-linked hydrogel, xerogel) were developed. The article presents examples and identified the required properties of substances intended for immobilization or encapsulation in the hydrogel matrix of uronate polysaccharides. The basic principles of uronate polysaccharides crosslinking chains in the hydrogel phase are determined. Possible methods of biologically active substances (BAS) retention in the matrix of uronate polysaccharides to reduce the risk of premature oxidation, destruction, decomposition, decomposition, evaporation were described. The search for information allowed us to identify key technological areas for the development of scientific research on the creation and use of HUP to improve people's lives and health. The archives of the world's leading publications in the field of food chemistry, biotechnology, food engineering, chemistry of new materials, food polymers and hydrocolloids were analyzed. The authors used in their work the resources of the Science Direct search system, which made it possible to determine the most promising and modern lines of development of HUP technologies and products based on them. The analysis of technologies has shown that existing innovative technologies are formed on “basic” technologies for producing solutions of high-molecular compounds under various conditions. Active modernization is carried out in the direction of creating products with immobilized biologically active substances, as well as in attempts to compose a composition with other polysaccharides and/or peptide components. The article notes that existing technologies allow developing other technologies with the help of which it is possible to expand the field of HUP application.
Dairy products of treatment and prophylactic action with the new cryopowder
Authors: Gachak Yu. R. , Mikhailitskaya O. R. , Gutyj B. V. , Kuzio L. R. , Beliak V. I.
Published: June 2019

In recent years, more and more attention of scientists is attracted by food products of medical and prophylactic purposes, which contain natural vegetable supplements, which, due to their natural properties, give the dairy products functional properties. The use of natural additives in various aggregate states allows to replenish the deficit of essential nutrients, increase the non-specific resistance of the organism to the action of adverse environmental factors. The clever combination of cryopowders of vegetable origin and dairy basis has great prospects, both technologically and socially. As a milk base, dairy cheese of different fat content was used and the technology of cheese desserts with a different mass fraction of fat using cryopowder “Buriak” was developed. The expediency of use of cryopowder “Buriak” in the technology of new sweet cheesecake masses has been substantiated. The optimum dose of cryopowder “Buriak” is offered. The possibility of using the cryopowder “Buriak” as a component of therapeutic and preventive cheesecake desserts was studied. The amount of this dietary supplement varies depending on the mass fraction of fat in the milk base. Organoleptic, physico-chemical and microbiological characteristics have been studied in the experimental samples of new products. The analysis of organoleptic characteristics of cheese desserts with cryopowder “Buriak” shows that significant changes have not been experienced and fully complied with regulatory requirements. Thus, the color of sweet cheesecakes was light beet, raspberry with separate white splashed chopped powdered cryogenic supplements. The smell of cheesecake remains fresh, sour milk. When adding cryopowder “Buriak” in cheeses, energy value grew. The revealed changes in the amino acid composition of the cheese mass indicate that the use of cryopowder “Buriak” can increase the nutritional and biological value of the protein component. In particular, an increase in the total amount of amino acids has been determined by 1.73%, and in the composition of essential amino acids by 1.16% and by substitutes – by 2.17%. The offered products expands the domestic assortment of dairy products of functional direction
Determination of complex forming ability of mixed-ligand organic systems relative to the metal ions
Authors: Kapustian A. , Cherno N.
Published: June 2019

It is shown that classical and specific methods for determining the complex forming ability of mixed-ligand organic systems relative to the metal ions is not perfect. Determination of complex-forming ability of mixed-ligand organic systems relative to the metal ions using the method of turbidimetry for media containing biometal chlorides, mixed-ligand systems and sodium carbonate is proposed. As mixed-ligand systems used the culture fluid Bifidobacterium bifidum AC-1670 (mixed-ligand system I), the culture fluid of the composition of probiotic bacteria (mixed-ligand system II), the culture fluid of the composition of probiotic bacteria with the introduction of exogenous chelating agents (mixed-ligand system III), culture fluid of probiotic bacteria composition and products of their cell walls processing (mixed-ligand system IV). A solution of metal chloride (magnesium or calcium, or cuprum, or manganese, or ferrum or zinc) was added discretely to the aliquots of the solution of the organic mixed-ligand system. The mixture was stirred and kept for 30 minutes at 40 °C, then a solution of sodium carbonate was added to the aliquots and discretely measured turbidity of the solution by turbidimetric method at a wavelength of 450 nm. When the increasing of the turbidity magnitude system by 0.02 opt. un, a conclusion about the maximum value of the mixed-ligand organic systems complex forming capacity relative to the metal ion was made. Further increase in the turbidity of the system indicates an increase in the metal content in inorganic form, respectively the complex formation potential of the mixed-ligand system is exhausted. It is determined that the highest complex forming ability in relation to ions of biometals has mixed-ligand system III. The proposed method allows precisely to determine the complex formation capacity of mixed-ligand organic systems in relation to metal ions without the use of aggressive reagents capable of destroying chelate bonds and without involving high-cost rare equipment.
The rheological properties of cream liqueurs and their changes in the transportation process
Authors: Bozhko T. V. , Donchevska R. S. , Romanenko R. P.
Published: June 2019

In order to determine the stability of colloidal systems of cream liqueurs with cycloractate and egg yolks, their rheological properties after production and during transportation, which was simulated through centrifugation and shaking, study, had been studied. Kinematic viscosity was determined by viscosimetric method using a graduated glass unit and a “Universal Computer Measuring Instrument” manufactured by “ITM Ltd.”, Kharkiv, Ukraine. The coefficient of surface tension was investigated by the method of detachment of the ring from the surface of the test substance, and the density – by the method of hydrostatic weighing. Storage of bottled glass bottles with a capacity of 0.35 l of dessert emulsion cream liqueurs took place in the warehouse at a temperature from +10 to + 250 С and a relative humidity of no more than 85%. Quality indicators in developed beverages were determined at 18, 36, 54, 72, 90 and 108 day. Dynamic viscosity of the sample of dessert emulsion cream liqueur “Healing Source” was 2394.1 MPa · s, cream liqueur “Health” – 2219.7 MPa · s, control sample “Dalkowski Advocaat Starotoruński” – 1949.99 MPa · s. It has been established that the kinematic viscosity and density of developed cream liqueurs are higher by 19.4 ... 21.8% compared with the control sample. For cocktails preparation it is expedient to use a dessert emulsion cream liqueur "Healing Source", the difference of the coefficient of surface tension of which with the control sample lies within the limits of statistical error it is determined. It is noted that in the process of centrifugation, cream liqueurs demonstrate a slight change in rheological properties. The smallest changes in density are noted for emulsion cream liqueur «Healing Source», the largest – for “Health”, due to the peculiarities of their prescription composition. The influence of “shaking effect” on the density of dessert emulsion cream liqueurs was determined. The biggest difference in density after shaking up to 10 s had the cream-liqueur “Health”, after 10s of shaking – the cream-liqueur “Steppe beauty”. The most stable structure of the colloidal system of the cream-liqueur “Healing Source” was the stability difference with the control sample lies within the statistical error.
Research of changes in individual physico-chemical parameters of yoghurts using whey protein concentrates
Authors: Slyvka N. B. , Bilyk O. Ya. , Mikhailytska O. R. , Hachak Yu. R.
Published: June 2019

The purpose of the work was to investigate the effect of whey proteins and dry whey concentrates on the change of titrated and active acidity during digestion. In order to stabilize the consistency in the production of low-fat yogurts, dry whey was selected that met the requirements of State Standard 4552:2006. It is used to improve the taste of finished products, to add flavor, to improve the texture, as well as to improve overall quality. In addition, dry whey protein concentrate WPC 80 Milkiland was used. The addition of whey protein concentrate does not detract from the organoleptic characteristics of a normalized mixture, which allows it to be used in yogurt technology. The addition of whey proteins has a significant effect on the duration of gel formation. Whey protein concentrate and dry whey reduce the duration of latent fermentation and flocculation stages. The data obtained allows us to predict that they accelerate the coagulation process. This effect is enhanced by increasing the dose of protein concentrates. Conducted coagulation of milk with a different dose and observed changes in titrated and active acidity during the fermentation. Yogurt culture YF-L903, which includes Streptococcus salivarius subsp., Thermophilus, Lactobacillus delbrűeckii subsp. Bulgaricus were used for fermentation. The highest growth rate of titrated acidity is recorded for option 1 (0.5% dry sucrose) and controls that for 4 hours. the fermentation reached 80 °T. The highest rate of decline in active acidity is recorded in option 1 (0.5% dry sucrose serum). All samples for 4 hours of fermentation reached 4.65–4.72 units. pH. Thus, the acidity slightly increases with increasing the dose of serum protein concentrate and does not increase with the use of dry whey.
Canonical and non-canonical patterns in the adpositional phrase of Western Uralic:
Authors: Grünthal Riho
Published: June 2019

Notions about adpositions and adpositional phrases (AdpP) reflect the ambiguous nature

of this particular domain. While postpositions and prepositions are often dealt with

as lexical categories, their syntactic context determines the grammatical relations of

individual postpositions. In the diachronic development of individual adpositions, the

phrasal unit of AdpP plays a crucial role either enhancing or diminishing the possibility

of adopting new adpositions. In Uralic both the head and complement may be inflected,

which increases the divergence of the adpositional system in comparison with most

neighboring contact languages. This is illustratively seen in the bulk of adpositions in

Finnic, Saamic and Mordvinic, which only exceptionally include borrowed lexemes.

The focus of this article is bifold. Firstly, it briefly outlines the main structural types of

AdpP, particularly in Western Uralic. Secondly, it discusses why loanwords only seldom

occur in the adpositional system of languages that are strongly influenced by language

contact and widespread bilingualism, such as contemporary Veps and Erzya.
Saami -(š)goahti inchoatives: their variation, history, and suggested cognates in Veps and Mordvin
Authors: Kuokkala Juha
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this article is twofold: first, to give an overview of the morphological and areal variation of the Saami deverbal inchoative suffixes (North Saami -goahti- and -šgoahti-), and second, to give an updated account of the history of said suffixes. To achieve the latter, a critical survey is made of previous literature dealing with these Saami suffixes as well as the phonetically and semantically similar derivational suffixes in Mordvin (Erzya -kado-, -gado-) and in Veps and Ludic (-gande-, -škande- ~ -gade-, -škade-). Several kinds of etymological cognate or loan relations between these suffixes have been posited. In the present paper, however, it is argued that the Saami -goahti- suffix is not related to other Uralic suffixes, but instead results from the affixation of an independent verb (North Saami boahtit ‘to come’). The -š- element attaching to the suffix is explained as a remnant of another derivational suffix still found as an independent inchoative marker -ahtja- present from South Saami up to Lule Saami.
"Meidän oma Yrjö": Eemil Nestor Setälä ja Yrjö Wichmann yhteistyökumppaneina
Authors: Häkkinen Kaisa
Published: June 2019

E. N. Setälä ja Yrjö Wichmann työskentelivät kollegoina sekä Helsingin Yliopistossa että useissa tieteellisissä seuroissa suomen ja sen sukukielten tutkimuksen arvostettuina edustajina. Varsinkin uransa alkutaipaleella he olivat perheystäviä ja yhteistyökumppaneita, kuitenkin niin, että Setälällä oli aina selvä johtoasema. Sen suomin valtuuksin hän ohjasi ja määräsi Wichmannia ja muitakin nuorempia kollegoitaan omasta näkökulmastaan tarkoituksenmukaisiin työtehtäviin ja luottamustoimiin, jotka saattoivat olla hyvinkin työläitä ja pitkäkestoisia. Artikkelissa ei kuvata Setälän ja Wichmannin tieteellisen tutkimustyön sisältöjä eikä sen tuloksia. Sen sijaan käsitellään heidän tieteenalansa yleistä tilannetta ja kuvataan heidän työskentelyään tieteellisinä kollegoina 1800-luvun lopun ja 1900-luvun ensimmäisten vuosikymmenten aikana. Artikkeli perustuu esitelmään, joka pidettiin Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran järjestämässä Yrjö Wichmann -seminaarissa Helsingissä 19.10.2018.
Effects of LED lights on Expression of Genes Involved in Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis and Accumulation of Phenylpropanoids in Wheat Sprout
Authors: Cuong Do Manh , Ha Tai Wook , Park Chang Ha , Kim Nam Su , Yeo Hyeon Ji , Chun Se Won , Kim Changsoo , Park Sang Un
Published: June 2019

Phenylpropanoids are naturally occurring compounds that exert beneficial pharmacological effects on human health. Phenylpropanoids can act as antioxidants and are involved in resistance to ultraviolet light and cancer; these compounds possess anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antibacterial activity, and aid in wound healing. The expression of genes involved in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and consequent accumulation of phenylpropanoids in wheat sprout under conditions of stress, have not been extensively studied. This is the first study to examine the effects of light-emitting diodes (LED) on the expression of genes involved in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and accumulation of phenylpropanoids in wheat sprouts. Our results, obtained using qRT-PCR and HPLC analyses, indicate that white light (380 nm) was the optimal wavelength for epicatechin biosynthesis in wheat sprouts. Compared with the effects of white light, blue light (470 nm) enhanced the accumulation of gallic acid and quercetin, but decreased the levels of p-coumaric acid and epicatechin; red light (660 nm) increased the accumulation of ferulic acid at 8 day and p-coumaric acid at 12 day. Compared gene expression with phenylpropanoid content showed that TaPAL3, TaPAL4, and TaDFR maybe important genes in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis in wheat sprout. This study provides insights into the effects of led lights on phenylpropanoid production in wheat sprouts. This knowledge will help improve secondary metabolite production in wheat sprouts.
Performance Characterization of the UAV Chemical Application Based on CFD Simulation
Authors: Zhu Hang , Li Hongze , Zhang Cui , Li Junxing , Zhang Huihui
Published: June 2019

Battery-powered multi-rotor UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) have been employed as chemical applicators in agriculture for small fields in China. Major challenges in spraying include reducing the influence of environmental factors and appropriate chemical use. Therefore, the objective of this research was to obtain the law of droplet drift and deposition by CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics), a universal method to solve the fluid problem using a discretization mathematical method. DPM (Discrete Phase Model) was taken to simulate the motion of droplet particles since it is an appropriate way to simulate discrete phase in flow field and can track particle trajectory. The figure of deposition concentration and trace of droplet drift was obtained by controlling the variables of wind speed, pressure, and spray height. The droplet drifting models influenced by different factors were established by least square method after analysis of drift quantity to get the equation of drift quantity and safe distance. The relationship model, Yi(m), between three dependent variables, wind speed Xw(m s−1), pressure Xp(MPa) and spray height Xh(m), are listed as follows: The edge drift distance model was Y1 = 0.887Xw + 0.550Xp + 1.552Xh − 3.906 and the correlation coefficient (R2) was 0.837; the center drift distance model was Y2 = 0.167Xw + 0.085Xp + 0.308Xh − 0.667 and the correlation coefficient (R2) was 0.774; the overlap width model was Y3 = 0.692xw + 0.529xp + 1.469xh − 3.374 and the correlation coefficient (R2) was 0.795. For the three models, the coefficients of the three variables were all positive, indicating that the three factors were all positively correlated with edge drift distance, center drift distance, and overlap width. The results of this study can provide theoretical support for improving the spray quality of UAV and reducing the drift of droplets.
Multi-Temporal Agricultural Land-Cover Mapping Using Single-Year and Multi-Year Models Based on Landsat Imagery and IACS Data
Authors: Kyere Isaac , Astor Thomas , Graß Rüdiger , Wachendorf Michael
Published: June 2019

The spatial distribution and location of crops are necessary information for agricultural planning. The free availability of optical satellites such as Landsat offers an opportunity to obtain this key information. Crop type mapping using satellite data is challenged by its reliance on ground truth data. The Integrated Administration and Control System (IACS) data, submitted by farmers in Europe for subsidy payments, provide a solution to the issue of periodic field data collection. The present study tested the performance of the IACS data in the development of a generalized predictive crop type model, which is independent of the calibration year. Using the IACS polygons as objects, the mean spectral information based on four different vegetation indices and six Landsat bands were extracted for each crop type and used as predictors in a random forest model. Two modelling methods called single-year (SY) and multiple-year (MY) calibration were tested to find out their performance in the prediction of grassland, maize, summer, and winter crops. The independent validation of SY and MY resulted in a mean overall accuracy of 71.5% and 77.3%, respectively. The field-based approach of calibration used in this study dealt with the ‘salt and pepper’ effects of the pixel-based approach.
Cortisol, DHEA, and Sexual Steroid Concentrations in Fattening Pigs’ Hair
Authors: Bergamin Cristina , Comin Antonella , Corazzin Mirco , Faustini Massimo , Peric Tanja , Scollo Annalisa , Gottardo Flaviana , Montillo Marta , Prandi Alberto
Published: June 2019

The aim of this study was to analyze the feasibility and reliability of using hair as a matrix to determine the dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and sexual steroid concentrations and the cortisol/DHEA ratio in fattening pigs. The results could be also used to plan future research to identify threshold values in order to set up strategies to control the allostatic load and increase the resilience of fattening pigs before slaughter. The study was conducted on 107 commercial crossbred rearing pigs. The hair samples were taken by shaving at the age of 36 weeks, and concentrations of the hormones were measured using a solid-phase microtiter radioimmunoassay. Females had significantly higher cortisol levels (p < 0.01), significantly lower DHEA concentrations (p < 0.05) and significantly higher cortisol/DHEA ratios (p < 0.01) than barrows. Progesterone was significantly higher in gilts than in barrows (p < 0.01). Testosterone and 17β-estradiol were significantly higher in barrows than in gilts (p < 0.05). If future research can produce threshold values for the different markers examined, the evaluation of animals under subclinical stress conditions will be possible.
Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Composition of Amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus) during Plant Growth
Authors: Karamać Magdalena , Gai Francesco , Longato Erica , Meineri Giorgia , Janiak Michał A. , Amarowicz Ryszard , Peiretti Pier Giorgio
Published: June 2019

The antioxidant activity and phenolic composition of the aerial part of Amaranthus caudatus at seven stages of development were investigated. Total phenolic content, ABTS•+, DPPH•, and O2•− scavenging activity, ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and Fe2+ chelating ability were evaluated. The phenolic profile was characterized by 17 compounds. Rutin was predominant in all growth stages, although its content, similar to the quantity of other phenolics, changed during the growth cycle. Flavonols were most abundant in the plants of early flowering and grain fill stages. In contrast, the highest content of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives was found in the early vegetative stage. The results of antioxidant assays also showed significant differences among plant stages. Generally, the lowest antioxidant activity was found in the shooting and budding stages. Significantly higher activity was observed in amaranths in earlier (vegetative) and later (early flowering and grain fill) stages, suggesting that plants in these stages are valuable sources of antioxidants.
Study of Dynamic Response Characteristics of the Wind Turbine Based on Measured Power Spectrum in the Eyewall Region of Typhoons
Authors: Han Ran , Wang Long , Wang Tongguang , Gao Zhiteng , Wu Jianghai
Published: June 2019

The present research envisages a method for calculating the dynamic responses of the wind turbines under typhoon. The measured power spectrum and inverse Fourier transform are used to generate the fluctuating wind field in the eyewall of the typhoon. Based on the beam theory, the unsteady aerodynamic model and the wind turbine dynamic model are coupled to calculate the dynamic response. Furthermore, using this method, the aeroelastic responses of a 6 MW wind turbine at different yaw angles are studied, and a 2 MW wind turbine are also calculated to verify the applicability of the results for different sizes of wind turbines. The results show that the turbulence characteristics of the fluctuating wind simulated by the proposed method is in good agreement with the actual measurement. Compared with the results simulated by the recommended power spectrum like the Kaimal spectrum, the energy distribution and variation characteristics simulated by the proposed method represent the real typhoon in a superior manner. It is found that the blade vibrates most violently at the inflow yaw angle of 30 degrees under the coupled effect of the aerodynamic, inertial and structural loads. In addition, the load on the tower exceeds the design limit values at the yaw angles of both 30 degrees and 120 degrees.
Modeling and Analysis of High-Power Ti:sapphire Laser Amplifiers–A Review
Authors: Jeong Jihoon , Cho Seryeyohan , Hwang Seungjin , Lee Bongju , Yu Tae Jun
Published: June 2019

We have introduced several factors that can be useful for the modeling and analysis of high-power Ti:sapphire laser amplifiers. The amplification model includes the phase distortion effect caused by the atomic phase shift (APS) in gain medium and the thermal-induced phase distortion effect caused by the high-average-power amplification. We have provided an accurate amplification model for the development of ultra-high-intensity and high-average-power lasers.
Transferring of Continuous Variable Squeezed States in 20 km Fiber
Authors: Qin Jiliang , Cheng Jialin , Liang Shaocong , Yan Zhihui , Jia Xiaojun , Peng Kunchi
Published: June 2019

Transferring of a real quantum state in a long-distance channel is an important task in the development of quantum information networks. For greatly suppressing the relative phase fluctuations between the signal beam and the corresponding local oscillator beam, the usual method is to transfer them with time-division and polarization-division multiplexing through the same fiber. But the nonclassical states of light are very sensitive to the channel loss and extra noise, this multiplexing method must bring the extra loss to the quantum state, which may result in the vanishing of its quantum property. Here, we propose and realize a suitable time multiplexing method for the transferring and measurement of nonclassical states. Only the local oscillator beam is chopped into a sequence of light pulses and transmitted through fiber with continuous orthogonal-polarized signal beam. Finally, when the local oscillator pulses are properly time delayed compared to the signal beam, the quantum state can be measured in the time sequences without the influence of extra noise in the fiber. Our work provides a feasible scheme to transfer a quantum state in relative long distance and construct a practical quantum information network in metropolitan region.
Systematization of the Simulation Process of Transformer Inrush Current Using EMTP
Authors: Seo Hun-Chul , Gwon Gi-Hyeon
Published: June 2019

An inrush current is generated when a transformer is energized. This current has a large magnitude and rich harmonics, thereby causing mal-operation of the protection relay. Therefore, the development of countermeasures against inrush current is necessary, and this study has been performed by computer simulations. However, it is difficult for a power system operator to perform a computer simulation as it is difficult to determine what data should be selected and entered. Therefore, this paper establishes the simulation process of transformer inrush current using the Electromagnetic Transients Program (EMTP). Two methods to simulate the transformer inrush current are described in detail. Based on the actual 154 kV transformer test report in Korea, the simulation results of the inrush current using the two methods are discussed.
OPERA the Radar Project
Authors: Saltikoff Elena , Haase Günther , Delobbe Laurent , Gaussiat Nicolas , Martet Maud , Idziorek Daniel , Leijnse Hidde , Novák Petr , Lukach Maryna , Stephan Klaus
Published: June 2019

The Operational Program on the Exchange of Weather Radar Information (OPERA) has co-ordinated radar co-operation among national weather services in Europe for more than 20 years. It has introduced its own, manufacturer-independent data model, runs its own data center, and produces Pan-European radar composites. The applications using this data vary from data assimilation to flood warnings and the monitoring of animal migration. It has used several approaches to provide a homogeneous combination of disparate raw data and to indicate the reliability of its products. In particular, if a pixel shows no precipitation, it is important to know if that pixel is dry or if the measurement was missing.
Precipitation Evolution over Belgium by 2100 and Sensitivity to Convective Schemes Using the Regional Climate Model MAR
Authors: Doutreloup Sébastien , Kittel Christoph , Wyard Coraline , Belleflamme Alexandre , Amory Charles , Erpicum Michel , Fettweis Xavier
Published: June 2019

The first aim of this study is to determine if changes in precipitation and more specifically in convective precipitation are projected in a warmer climate over Belgium. The second aim is to evaluate if these changes are dependent on the convective scheme used. For this purpose, the regional climate model Modèle Atmosphérique Régional (MAR) was forced by two general circulation models (NorESM1-M and MIROC5) with five convective schemes (namely: two versions of the Bechtold schemes, the Betts–Miller–Janjić scheme, the Kain–Fritsch scheme, and the modified Tiedtke scheme) in order to assess changes in future precipitation quantities/distributions and associated uncertainties. In a warmer climate (using RCP8.5), our model simulates a small increase of convective precipitation, but lower than the anomalies and the interannual variability over the current climate, since all MAR experiments simulate a stronger warming in the upper troposphere than in the lower atmospheric layers, favoring more stable conditions. No change is also projected in extreme precipitation nor in the ratio of convective precipitation. While MAR is more sensitive to the convective scheme when forced by GCMs than when forced by ERA-Interim over the current climate, projected changes from all MAR experiments compare well.
Explosive Cyclogenesis around the Korean Peninsula in May 2016 from a Potential Vorticity Perspective: Case Study and Numerical Simulations
Authors: Heo Ki-Young , Ha Kyung-Ja , Ha Taemin
Published: June 2019

An explosive cyclone event that occurred near the Korean Peninsula in early May 2016 is simulated using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to examine the developmental mechanisms of the explosive cyclone. After confirming that the WRF model reproduces the synoptic environments and main features of the event well, the favorable environmental conditions for the rapid development of the cyclone are analyzed, and the explosive development mechanisms of the cyclone are investigated with perturbation potential vorticity (PV) fields. The piecewise PV inversion method is used to identify the dynamically relevant meteorological fields associated with each perturbation PV anomaly. The rapid deepening of the surface cyclone was influenced by both adiabatic (an upper tropospheric PV anomaly) and diabatic (a low-level PV anomaly associated with condensational heating) processes, while the baroclinic processes in the lower troposphere had the smallest contribution. In the explosive phase of the cyclone life cycle, the diabatically generated PV anomalies associated with condensational heating induced by the ascending air in the warm conveyor belt are the most important factors for the initial intensity of the cyclone. The upper-level forcing is the most important factor in the evolution of the cyclone’s track, but it is of secondary importance for the initial strong deepening.
Extraction of Cathepsin D-Like Protease from Neon Flying Squid (Ommastrephes bartramii) Viscera and Application in Antioxidant Hydrolysate Production
Authors: Zhang Kaiqiang , Wei Rongbian , Song Ru
Published: June 2019

A protease from neon flying squid (Ommastrephes bartramii) viscera (SVCE3(f)) was partially purified by isoelectric solubilization/precipitation combined with ultra-membrane filtration (ISP-UMF). Two protein bands of 45 and 27 KDa were determined by SDS-PAGE assay. The protease characteristic of the protein band of 45 KDa was confirmed using casein zymography analysis. The result of UPLC-ESI-MS/MS suggested that the band of 45 KDa could be a cathepsin D-like protease. This cathepsin D-like protease showed an optimum pH of 3.0 and optimum temperature of 60 °C when casein was used as s substrate. Furthermore, its protease activity was stable at 30–50 °C and under a pH range of 1.0–5.0, maintaining about 60% of its initial activity. SVCE3(f) can digest half-fin anchovy (Setipinna taty) to generate antioxidant hydrolysates (HAHp-SEs). The degree of hydrolysis (DH) of HAHp-SEs increased along with the hydrolysis time and reached stability after 60 min of digestion. HAHp-SEs(30) with relatively lower DH exhibited the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity as compared with other HAHp-SEs. However, a stronger hydroxyl radical scavenging activity and greater reducing power were observed for HAHp-SEs that underwent higher DH. Accordingly, the partially purified cathepsin D-like protease of neon flying squid viscera using ISP-UMF could have potential application in antioxidant hydrolysates production.