bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Element-Free Method for Steam Turbine Rotor
Authors: Yuan Su Ling
Published: March 2013

The element-free method is a new numerical method, which requires only nodal data and whose shape functions are continual and differentiable. The element-free method employs moving least-square approximants to approximate original functions. In this paper, discrete equations of axial symmetry problem are obtained by variational principle and Gaussian quadrature. Several numerical examples indicate that the element-free method can obtain more accurate results about these problems, moreover, results and their gradients are continuous in the entire domain and post-processing to obtain a smooth gradient field is total unnecessary. Finaly, the element-free method is applied to heat conduction problems for steam turbine rotor.
Experimental Research of Impinging Spray with Basic Impinging Scheme
Authors: Chen Lei , Song Peng , Xu Guo Kai , Du Bao Guo , Long Wu Qiang
Published: March 2013

Visualization experimental system of impinging spray including high-pressure vessel, oil supply system, light path system, image collection and treatment system and control system was designed, and the visualization experiments of basic impinging schemes of flat wall was carried out under existing conditions without laser. The effect of impinging distance on rebounding distance and diffusing area of dripping was analyzed. The results show that both of diffusing distance along the wall and distribution area linearly increased within a certain time under the same impinging distance. Both of diffusing distance along the wall and rebounding distance decreased with the increase in impinging distance.
Adaptive RBF Network Control for Uncertain System of Dual Arm Robot
Authors: Luo Shao Hua
Published: March 2013

In this paper, an adaptive RBF network controller is developed for a class of uncertain system of dual arm robot. RBF neural network is employed to estimate the unknown continuous functions. The tracking error is proved to be bounded and ultimately converges to an adequately compact set. The results indicate that the proposed controller has satisfying tracking performance.
Structure Optimization of Air Cooling Condenser in Close-Loop Self-Circulation Evaporative Cooling System of Wind Generator
Authors: Li Jing Ming , Song Fu Chuan , Tian Xin Dong , Gu Guo Biao
Published: March 2013

Being a widely used clean and renewable energy, the wind power has attracted the attention of all nations in the world. The application of air cooled close-loop self-circulation evaporative cooling technology in the cooling of large wind power generator is a new attempt in the discovery of wind power energy. The structure of the air cooling condenser has great effect on the smooth running of the natural temperature close-loop self-circulation (CLSC) evaporative cooling system of large wind power generator. An optimum structure of the air cooling condenser for the evaporative cooling system is introduced in this paper which can do great help to insure the successful running of wind generator. All these will do great help to the development of the evaporative cooling large wind power generator.
Study on Coupling Faults Diagnosis of Gear Rotor System
Authors: Cui Li , Shi Da Fang , Zheng Jian Rong , Song Xiao Guang
Published: March 2013

Coupling faults diagnose methods of gear rotor system are studied. Moment invariants are extracted from axis orbit of rotor system, which used to identify imbalances, loosening faults. Mode functions with different characteristic time scales are obtained based on the EMD method. Marginal spectrum is obtained by Hilbert transform, which can used to identify the wear faults of gear system. Moment invariant and BP neural network are used to identify the unbalanced fault and loosening faults. Hilbert transform method is used to diagnose gear wear fault. Experiments prove the effective of the methods.
Research on Dew Point Corrosion of Materials
Authors: Liang Zhi Yuan , Zhao Qin Xin
Published: March 2013

To solve the problem of power station boilers' high exhaust temperature and the demand of the dewpoint corrosion prevention and control in the process of flue gas deep cooling, We chose dewpoint corrosion resistant steels BNS, ND and 316L steel as studied objects, which were in situ tested on a boiler of 1000 MW pulverized coal-fired power plant. The results show that 316 L steel is performing superior corrosion resistance. Iron oxides and a small amount of sulphate and chlo-rate are the corrosion products, and the suitable tube metal wall temperature is recommended as 80°C which can avoid the coupling effect between dewpoint corrosion and viscous ash deposition.
Study on the Stability of all Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Electrolyte
Authors: Zhang Shu Di , Zhai Yu Chun
Published: March 2013

In order to study on several additives to Vanadium battery electrolyte stability, different additives were added in the electrolyte of vanadium battery electrolyte at different temperatures, precipitation time were observed, cyclic voltammetry curves were tested and ultraviolet quantitative analysis to precipitated supernatant , The results show that after adding the different additives, at 40 °C temperature, 1.8 mol / L concentration can stably exist in the electrolyte of the vanadium battery. The added amount of sodium oxalate, ammonium oxalate is equivalent 3% of the amount V4+ solution, the vanadium battery electrolyte stability can be improved without affecting its reversible reaction, it is a preferred stabilizer.
Sintering Process of Nd:YAG Transparent Ceramic
Authors: Wang Bo , Cao Quan Xi , Xu Guang , Tian Sen
Published: March 2013

1.0at% Nd:YAG polycrystalline ceramics were sintered at 1420°C, 1500°C, 1600°C and 1730°C respectively by different heating rate (1°C/min and 5°C/min). The crystal structures were indexed by X-ray diffractometer (XRD). The microstructure and the grain size of the samples were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The optical transmittance spectra of the samples were measured using V-570 UV spectrophotometer. The sintering process of Nd:YAG ceramics and the effect of heating rate on the microstructure of samples have been investigated.
An h-Adaptive Rigid (Visco) Plastic Meshless Galerkin Method for Large Metal Deformation Analysis
Authors: Wu Xin , Lu Ping , Liu Qing Min , Shen Guo Qiang
Published: March 2013

In metal forming process analysis, the accuracy loss is inevitable for complex boundary shape, un-uniformly distributed points and high velocity gradient distribution in analysis domain. In order to improve simulation accuracy, an h-adaptive procedure for the background required rigid (visco) plastic meshless Galerkin method is developed. A mixed posteriori error indicator is presented, which consists of a cell energy rate integration error estimator and a cell energy rate approximation error estimator to indicate the integration error and the approximation error, respectively. The corresponding local refinement strategies are developed, and the adaptive refining procedure is given. The adaptive procedure is applied only once in each time step simulation for the consideration of computational efficiency. A bulk forming process with severe metal deformation is analyzed. In comparison with the results obtained by using software Deform-2D, the effectiveness of the method developed in this paper is demonstrated.
Reduction of Composite Pellet Containing Indonesia Lateritic Iron Ore as Raw Material for Producing TWDI
Authors: Kawigraha Adji , Soedarsono Johny Wahyuadi , Harjanto Sri , Pramusanto
Published: March 2013

Blast furnace process is still an important process for producing pig iron. The process needs high grade iron ore and coke. The two materials can not be found easily. In addition blast furnace process needs cooking and sintering plant that produces polluted gases. Utilization of composite pellet for pig iron production can simplify process. The pellet is made of iron ore and coal. In addition the pellet can be made from other iron source and coal. This paper discusses the evolution of phase during reduction of composite pellet containing lateritic iron ore. Fresh iron ore and coal were ground to 140 mesh separately. They were mixed and pelletized. The quantity of coal added was varied from 0 %, 20 % and 29 % of pellet weight. Pellets were heated with 10 °C/minute to 1100 °C, 1200 °C, 1300 °C and 1350 °C in a tube furnace and temperature was held during 10 minutes. Heated pellets were analyzed with XRD equipment. XRD of reduced pellets showed that iron phase change with coal and temperature. Lack of coal during heating results the re-oxidation of iron phases. This process is due to replacement of reductive atmosphere by oxidative atmosphere.
Research on Cooling Tower Fan Energy Saving Control System Based on PLC and Inverter Technology
Authors: Chen Jian Ping , Shi Xiao Kuan , Li Hai Jun
Published: March 2013

In order to improve the effective utilization of the cooling tower fan industrial circulating water system, and to achieve the purpose of energy saving, the paper developed a closed loop cooling tower fan is jointly controlled by the PLC and inverter energy-saving control system. With the theoretical energy-saving fan characteristics analysis, PLC is used as a controller. Combined with inverter technology, remote real-time communication is carried out via RS485 bus with the host computer, and centralized monitoring to operating status of many sets of fans is realized. Production Practice has proved that under the premise of ensuring the water temperature standards, the inverter deceleration of the cooling tower fan makes significant energy savings effect.
Classification of Structural Steel of Existing Civil Engineering Structure Based on Testing and Evaluation of Yield and Ultimate Strengths
Authors: Karmazínová Marcela , Melcher Jindrich
Published: March 2013

The paper is generally focused on yield and ultimate strengths of structural steels. The attention is mainly paid to the testing and subsequent determination of steel strengths, especially from the viewpoint of the statistical evaluation aimed to obtain the strength values leading to the reliable structural design, in the meaning of general rules given by the European Standard for the structural design of civil engineering constructions. The presented paper deals with the actual yield and ultimate strengths obtained from material tests and their characteristic and design values based on the test results evaluation, versus nominal and design values considered according to European Standard rules and used for the structural design in the usual cases if the steel grade is known. But in the case of existing constructions, sometimes there are no information about the material that the actual steel properties shall be determined using the material tests and their statistical evaluation to obtain such steel properties values which can lead to the reliable structural design. However, approaches of the determination of characteristic and design steel strengths using actual test results are different from the determination of the nominal and design steel strengths given by standard rules. As an illustration the paper summaries the results and evaluations of tests of structural steel performed on the specimens taken from the load-carrying roof structure of the sport stadium aged about 40 years, within the steel construction diagnostics.
Auto-Mesh Generation Technique of Near Field Zone for Soil-Structure Interaction Analysis Using Coupled FE-IE Methodology
Authors: Nam Min Jun , Seo Choon Gyo , Lee Jonghan , Lee Chang Gil , Park Seung Hee
Published: March 2013

This paper presents an auto-mesh generation technique using KIESSI (KAIST Infinite Elements for Soil-Structure Interaction) of near field zone for soil-structure interaction analysis (SSI). The working principle of KIESSI is based on coupled three dimensional finite element-infinite element methodology. Also, KIESSI is based on finite element method (FEM) for structure and near-field soil medium and infinite element method for layered half-space far-field. This study utilizes the auto mesh generation technique of near field zone on KIESSI package. The verification example for the effectiveness of automatically meshing technique may be shown through a compliance analysis of layered surface footing. For application example, seismic response analysis at a typical nuclear power plant is carried out in consideration of SSI. The obtained floor response spectrum results in good agreement as compared with the measured response data and the results from SSI analysis package such as SASSI (A System for Analysis of Soil-Structure Interaction).
A Study on the Impermeability of Composite Clay of Sanitary Landfill in Loess Area
Authors: Gou Jian Feng , Zeng Zheng Zhong , Guo Hao Lei , Wang Hao , Wang Xiao Li , Nan Zhong Ren
Published: March 2013

Through the compaction and permeability tests on loess, either natural or compacted loess can meet the requirement of the Landfill Pollution Control Standards about impermeable clay. While the compaction weathered red soil layer of the tertiary, widely distributing under the loess, whose permeability coefficient is less than 1×10-7cm/s. In this study we mixed loess with weathered red soil to obtain a new kind of composite soil, and drew a conclusion that the composite soil can meet the requirements of Chinese national standards. When the clay content of composite soil reached 21%, the permeability coefficients are generally able to meet the requirement.
Structural Analysis of Frame-Type Levee Using P-Y Curve Method
Authors: Jiang Jian Qing , Su Guo Shao , Yan Liu Bin , Qian Kun
Published: March 2013

Frame-type levee is common type of levee in southern China. The deformation of pile foundation of frame-type levee is affected greatly by the river level. Large deformation is its notable feature. Taking levee project located in Wuzhou city of Guangxi province of China as research background, “P-Y curve” method is used to analyze the deformation and internal force of pile foundation of frame-type levees under the different working conditions. The results show that the maximum deformation of pile foundation reaches 0.18m, which imply the pile foundation is not safe under the condition of high river lever during flood season. Furthermore, the results show that “P-Y curve” method is feasible for simulating the pile with large deformation. It overcomes shortcomings of traditional methods such as “K” method or “M” method, which are not applicable to simulating pile with large deformation.
A Kind of Vehicle Pressure Yellow Line Detection Algorithm Based on Wavelet Transform
Authors: Zhao Wen Dong , Qi Hui , Zhou Hai Yan
Published: March 2013

For the Development of China's transportation industry, to develop video-based vehicle detection system prohibited the need for pressure line, the article compares and learns from the existing video surveillance technology on the basis of intelligent transportation system’s analysis and research. According to distribution characteristic of central yellow line area roads, the article proposes the algorithm based on wavelet transform pressure line detection. It has more practical significance on achieving the testing about vehicles rolling pressure and the central yellow line area roads. Firstly, the central road of the yellow line is separated to narrow the scope of testing by wavelet transform technique for image segmentation; and then using image segmentation based on color histogram matching algorithm judges whether the vehicle is rolling and pressing the yellow line area. On this basis, we developed a prototype vehicle contraband detection system pressure lines, the results show that the success rate in detection, false detection rate and timeliness are superior to other algorithms, and better meets the needs of engineering practice.
Ambient Air Quality Comprehensive Evaluation of Matter-Element Analysis Model Based on the Entropy Weights
Authors: Han Shuang , Liu Zhi Bin , Li Yong
Published: March 2013

Because of the incompatible problems in single index weight ambient air quality previously, five pollution factors (PM10, SO2, NO2, CO, TSP) are chose for evaluation parameters, and then adopt the matter-element analysis model based on entropy weight, refer to the national standards of ambient air quality and compared with the traditional evaluation method, to make a comprehensive assessment of Huludao city in Liaoning province. The evaluation results showed that the study area ambient air quality isⅠlevel in summer, spring forⅡlevel, winter for Ⅲ level , the overall is good except for some area pollution is serious. The results are consistent with the conclusions of the gray system theory and fuzzy comprehensive index method.
Enterprise Quality Credit Rating System Building
Authors: Xiong Wei , Yu Jing , Fan Lv He , Hu Yu Rong
Published: March 2013

This is one part of Quality Credit Rating system building subject. According to a literature review, the concept of quality credit in China is found out to be vague, besides, the indicators are not universal in either theoretical or practical ways. In order to solve these problems, this paper will first discuss about its definition from two perspectives based on the literatures and then come up with a hypothesis model for the rating system, this model will be further used as an evaluation framework.
Analysis of China’s CO2 Emission and Carbon Trading Potential
Authors: Wang Zheng Chao , Mu Hai Lin , Li Hua Nan
Published: March 2013

With the development of economy and technology, the world produces more and more greenhouse gases (GHGs), which result in global warming. The Kyoto Protocol signed in 1997, marked the resolution of human fighting global warming. The developed countries are committed to achieve their GHGs emission targets under the protocol, developing nations play similar roles on a voluntary way. However, recently Copenhagen, Cancun and Durban Climate Conference, didn’t reach an agreement of the post-Kyoto era, which cause an uncertain situation in the post-Kyoto era. Due to much of the GHGs come from energy sectors and China is the largest GHGs emission country in the world. It is worthwhile to review the Chinese energy situation. A carbon intensity decomposition model is used to analyze the influencing factors of the carbon intensity because the Chinese target is reducing 40%-45% carbon intensity in 2020 on the basis of 2005. Then this paper analyzes the potential of carbon trading potential in China. This paper comes to a conclusion that the influencing factors of the carbon intensity are mainly energy structure and energy intensity. Carbon trading market is a good choice for China because China has good potential in GHGs reduction in the energy sector and carbon trading market can help China realize the target in 2020.
Application of the Dither Technology in a Fault Detection System
Authors: Chen Na , Yang Shao Pu , Pan Cun Zhi
Published: March 2013

In a fault detection system A/D conversion is a necessary step, in which quantization issues are unavoidable. Problems about quantization effects can be solved properly by using the dither technique. Firstly quantization problems of A/D conversion in a fault diagnosis system are discussed. Then the principle of dithering technique is introduced from the view of probability statistics. In further more, it is tested that fault signals whose amplitude is less than the quantization interval can be extracted, and that coherent harmonic interference in quantizing process can also be eliminated. Finally the result shows that by using dither technique the system can gain an enhanced level of fault detection with a faint signal-to-noise ratio loss, which has a direct guidance on engineering design in sensor-signal-sampling system.
Study on Traceability Assets Evaluation for Fishing Vessels
Authors: Diao You Ming , Jia Jing Bei , Ding Xiao Fei , Yu Hai Yan , Han Qing
Published: March 2013

Combined with the application examples of traceability assets evaluation for fishing vessel, the price of fishing vessels was evaluated by cost method and market method, respectively. Based on the comparison of the two evaluation results, the weighted average of cost method and market method is proposed to evaluate the final price in case of long tracing time. Furthermore, the disputed issues, which may arise between the buyer and seller, were discussed in this paper.
A Membrane-Based Sample Preparation Kit for Waterborne Pathogens: Design and Manufacture
Authors: Zhang Yu Long , Dong Tao
Published: March 2013

Membrane-based microfluidic devices have been demonstrated in recent literature to show a significant potential in developing low-cost but high-efficient analytical devices. Usually, the step of sampling and sample preparation is the most importance processes in the whole analytical experiments. This study designed and manufactured a low-cost kit for water sampling and sample preparation of waterborne pathogens, especially protozoan parasites. Subsequently, Saccharomyces cerevisiae was employed as the model microbe to verify the function of kit. The concepts of green design and agile manufacturing were reflected throughout this work. In the devices, membrane filters were fixed and locked in a pair of disposable filter holders, and then the filter set would be assembled with a volumetric sample container to filter the microorganism in water samples. After the sampling process, the used filter holder with microbes on the membrane would be taken out and conserved in a preservation buffer, which could protect the DNA/RNA molecules inside the cells. When these filter holders were transported to a remote laboratory, the sample preparation cassette will be used in the on-site extraction of the DNA/RNA from the cells on the membrane. At last, the eluate was made for further identification, i.e. NASBA tests. Eight kinds of candidate membrane filters were evaluated in the kit, and the function of the kit was verified.
Easy and Secure Authentication Method Using PMI
Authors: Moon Jeong Kyong , Kim Jin Mook , Kim Hwang Rae , Jeong Hwa Young
Published: March 2013

Recently, the amount of cloud service usage is increasing explosively. Specially, request of cloud service that use do computer or mobile communication device is very high in university or book related organ. However, level of security service is very low that against of amounts that using request in BRS (book retrieval system). Therefore, we wish to give other access grade in user in this research and propose easy and safe authentication method (ESAM: Easy and Secure Authentication Method using PMI) to book retrieval system so that access control and authentication about user may be available. Our proposed method based on PMI’s attributes certificate technique. And our scheme can solve various security problems on existent book retrieval system. After next study, we will investigate our propose method against of existent way and improve our method is more good.
Remote Cooperative Data Visualization Base on Web Service
Authors: Niu Yan Qi , Ding Fei
Published: March 2013

Current remote cooperative data visualization has its weaknesses such as complex interface definition, pool commonality and tight couple among the partners. Consequently, this paper presents a method to realize remote cooperative data visualization base on Web Service. Web Service technology overcomes the weaknesses of the present ones because it separates the businesses from IT, lets the providers and customers be independent from each other, and transfers data in xml format. A remote data cooperative visualization of hydraulic plank is brought to prove that our method is effective.
Hardware Design for State Vector Identification of a Small Helicopter Model
Authors: Fedák Viliam , Bačík Ján
Published: March 2013

The paper deals with hardware design for sensory system of a small helicopter model that is characterized by a long-term stability and in real time generates data about helicopter state variables during helicopter flight. The sensor system is based on powerful 32-bit processors with the cores ARM7 and Cortex-M3. The main unit for data processing presents an embedded computer built on a mini-ITX motherboard with processor Intel i3. As the helicopter presents a system with six degrees of freedom and in the fact, during the flight, there is not any fixed point that would enable to caliber the sensors placed on the helicopter board, for processing of sensor data complex stochastic calculations are necessary. They are based on the discrete Kalman filter that present a main computing tool of the control system.
Stability of Exoskeleton for Function Phases “Sit Down and Stand up”
Authors: Varga Jozef
Published: March 2013

This paper deals with the potential of exoskeleton´s use to promote the human´s locomotive faculties. In this paper are described the ways linked with the analysis, design and implementation of exoskeleton´s model, which serves to boost the human´s locomotive faculties with reduced mobility. Based on a detailed kinetic analysis of human walking and on requirements for the proposed exoskeleton, it was designed the kinematic structure and control of exoskeleton.
Rotational Kinetic Module with Unlimited Angle of Rotation
Authors: Svetlík Jozef , Demeč Peter , Semjon Ján
Published: March 2013

The suggested URM 01 module (Unlimited Rotational Module 01) with rotary motion linkage, is designed for machines with a required feature of unlimited rotational movement, and its design and construction is based on a modular principle. The main advantage of the proposed solution is the ability to draw, from a single type of module, machines with various motion capabilities and different degrees of freedom of movement while utilizing the feature of infinite rotation of two adjacent modules interlinked by rotational movement.
Automated Assembly of Arc-Extinguish Chamber for Circuit Breaker Elements
Authors: Vagaš Marek
Published: March 2013

The article discusses about automated workplace design for assembly of arc-extinguish chamber for circuit breaker elements. Arc-extinguish chamber contains of metal part and plastic chamber and serves for extinguishing of electrical arc, which ensue from disconnection of electrical current from electrical circumference (appliance) by overloading or short circuit. Proposed solution automates whole assembly process of arc-extinguish chamber and contains of linear stepper unit, two-axis manipulator and two vibrating trays with automated feeding of metal parts and plastic chambers.
The Procedure Designing Production Systems Based on CA Methods
Authors: Semjon Ján
Published: March 2013

Article deals with robotic production systems in automotive industry, focusing on the procedures of projecting. Based on the methods of modularity we can create process of the project design automation systems, allowing us to minimize costs associated with formation of different modifications of solutions workplace. The possibility of using Computer Aided (CA) methods that allow to simplify and speed up the project and construction works
Flexible Production Cell with Information Systems
Authors: Baláž Vladimír
Published: March 2013

The article describes one of the current approaches to classification of production systems. It is described the simplest production system – Single Flexible Machine to the complex production configurations, which represents Multi-Cell Flexible Manufacturing system. Transmission of the information in such systems can be addressed at different levels. The structure of information systems for such a production configurations is solved from the point of view of information transfer in the production system.
Modern Flexible Manufacturing Cell (FMC), Build by Retrofitting at Oradea University
Authors: Ganea Macedon , Bungau Constantin , Pancu Rares
Published: March 2013

The Faculty IMT (Technological and Managing Engineering into mechanic domain) from Oradea University decided to develop by retrofitting activity one old second hand Horizontal Machining Centre from the Laboratory, in order to obtain the newest level as the most economic investment, able to answer at the educational conditions, according to the academic curriculum for bachelor, master and even PhD levels. The retrofitting activity was based on Fanuc components (CNC, AC drives & servomotors, PLC, measuring system, etc) on the basic machine, but also the machine CNC extension to “five axes machining concept”, having now more supplementary two CNC axes. On the other hand, the machine extension from machining centre to flexible cell, introduced new components as: load station, internal transport system by conveyor, Regal lager, two robots (able to assure the flow of resources).
Different Solution of Robotic Cells for Metal Sheets Beveling
Authors: Pilat Zbigniew
Published: March 2013

Preparation of the elements has an deciding influence on quality of the welded joints. In case of welding thick metal sheets, one of crucial technological processes is beveling details’ edges. Traditionally, it has been performed manually. This solution creates considerably tough work condi-tions. It is a very laborious process, performed in uncomfortable position, during which the worker is exposed to inhaling dangerous vapors, burns and noise. In addition, manual beveling is labor-consuming and its effects are often not satisfactory in terms of quality. Robotization of this techno-logical process eliminates all disadvantages mentioned above. Robotized technology ensures high and stable quality of performed cuts. Robotized stations offer far better efficiency. Moreover, stand-ing in greater distance from the process itself, the worker is practically protected from substantial amount of dangers. The paper presents organizational and technical aspects of the robotized metal sheets beveling, with use of different cutting technologies.
Problem of Biomechanical Grippers Identifications Et’s Properties
Authors: Smrcek Juraj , Tuleja Peter
Published: March 2013

The specific group grippers are biomechanical grippers, whose shape and construction are analogical to biological model (human hand). These constructions are arranged into category of “intelligent grippers” recently. The analysis of gripping the objects by biomechanical grippers and consequently setting of the model identification of related characteristics and parameter are possible to base on the principles shown. It is possible to secure reliable and safe clamping of manipulated objects in the period of gripper design. This paper gives knowledge from the solution of system problems of manipulated object gripping in the realisation of elements “gripper – manipulated object application requirements” in the period of gripper design.
Time-Varying Pressure Distribution on Solar Updraft Tower (an Axisymmetric Structure) Induced by a Translating Downburst
Authors: Zhou Xin Ping , Qin Peng , Liu Chi , Zhao Gao Yu
Published: March 2013

The characteristics of time-varying mean wind pressure distribution on the surface of solar updraft tower (SUT, an axisymmetric structure) in a translating thunderstorm downburst is discussed based on revised Chen and Letchford’s empirical model, in which Wood et al.’s empirical model for vertical profile of radial velocity, revised Poreh and Cermak’s empirical model for horizontal profile of radial velocity by considering the full time variation of downburst jet intensity, and Holmes and Oliver’ empirical model for the time function are utilized. The results show that the time histories of mean wind pressures at the points around the circular surface are complex due to the moving of stagnation points for the SUT. The time fluctuation is driven by the summation of the moving of downburst and the characteristics of pressure distribution on the SUT.
A Realistic Growth Path for Solar Wind Power
Authors: Francke Wolfgang , de Richter Renaud , Petersen Oswald , Petersen Janning
Published: March 2013

Until today, the biggest solar updraft tower power plant ever built and tested was the 50 kW Spain plant in Manzanares. Since then no real plant has been built, whilst many grand plans have been drawn and given up. Solar Wind Power (SWP) is an energy form in search of its destiny: it is time to find a real market for SWP. This market is currently forming and we call it ‘evening power’. SWP transforms sunlight into heat, heat into hot artificial wind, and this wind into electricity. The three steps of transformation allow SWP to delay the generation of electricity from the daily peak of solar radiation into the evening. In the evening, the greater power demand cannot be met with other renewable CO2-free energies like wind and photovoltaic. SWP has been tested once, thirty years ago - it is time for a second trial: the Intermediate Solar Wind Power Plant (ISWiPP). The goal is to develop, test and measure SWP’s potential for heat-storage and evening power output. The technology for constructing a light steel-tower with a concrete base will be tested under real-life conditions and technologies for heat storage will be developed. The ISWiPP will enable investors to prepare for large SWiPP with hybrid (concrete and steel) towers of 1000 m height or more. This development growth path is realistic and adequate to overcome the current impasse. Like all CO2-free energy forms SWP depends very much on the location chosen. Locations with strong winds, or sand- and dust-storms, are inadequate for SWP. A good location for a SWiPP is a hot, flat and rocky desert, not too far from a city with a demand for evening power.
Innovated Fault Diagnosis for Power Transformer Using Hybrid Fuzzy Dissolved Gas Analysis
Authors: Liu Chih Hsuan , Yao Leehter , Lin Tung Bin , Wang Shun Yuan
Published: March 2013

The objective of this paper is to integrate five traditional criteria of the Dissolved Gases Analysis published in different standards into a more reliable approach of the fault diagnosis of power transformer for maintenance personnel of Taiwan Power Company(TPC). This paper employs Fuzzy Inference System(FIS) to develop two factors as a integrated fault diagnosis for power transformer. One is the identifiable factor which interprets the fault type, the other is the fault factor which asseses the operating condition of transformer. The result of diagnosis can be observed by web browser on TPC intranet. The designed synthetic method has been verified by TPC historical transformers gas records and shows its effectiveness in transformers diagnosis.
Functionalized Mn2+ Doped Zinc Sulfide Quantum Dots as a Metal Ion Sensor for Industrial Wastes
Authors: Chen Guo Feng , Tsai Hsiao Pin , Lai Ping Shan , Liao Ming Yuan
Published: March 2013

L-cysteine capped Mn2+-doped ZnS quantum dots are prepared as a fluorescence probe for the detection of heavy metal contaminants, such as As2O42-, Cd2+, CrO42-, Ni2+, Zn2+, Ca2+, Fe2+, Cu2+, Pb2+, Co2+ and Mn2+ ions. The results show L-cysteine capped Mn2+-doped ZnS quantum dots exhibit good sensitivity and selectivity for the detection of copper ions. The relationship between the detection limit, linear range and the concentration of quantum dots are examined. The optimum fluorescence sensor is obtained at the L-cysteine-ZnS QDs concentration of 2 mg/mL and pH 7.0 in phosphate buffer. The limit of detection for this sensor system is 0.2 ppm with the linear range between 0.5 and 20 ppm. The effect of foreign ions from Mn2+, Fe2+, Co2+ and Ni2+ for the detection of Cu2+ solution is also evaluated. The results show there is no significant difference on the measurement of quenching effect.
Use of Data Mining Techniques to Detect Medical Fraud in Health Insurance
Authors: Lin Kuo Chung , Yeh Ching Long , Huang Shih Ying
Published: March 2013

The medical health insurance claims application case the inspection usually relies on experts’ experience for verification and experienced personnel in charge for checking. This paper takes advantage of data-mining technology to design models and find out cases requiring for manual inspection so as to save time and manpower. By the analysis of the 20/80 principle and the coverage and accuracy ratio, a great number of periodic data (over 2 million records) are fed back to the data-mining models after repetitive verification. Also, it is discovered that to integrate the data-mining technology and feed back to different business stages so as to establish early warning system will be an important topic for the health insurance system in hospital’s EMR in the future. Meanwhile, as the information acquired by data-mining needs to be stored and the traditional database technology has limitations. Next time, this paper explores the ontology framework to be set up by semantic network technology in the future in order to assist the storage of knowledge gained by data-mining.
An FPGA-Based Brain-Computer Interface for Wireless Electric Wheelchairs
Authors: Lin Jzau Sgeng , Huang Sun Ming
Published: March 2013

A wireless EEG-based brain-computer interface (BCI) and an FPGA-based system to control electric wheelchairs through a Bluetooth interface was proposed in this paper for paralyzed patients. Paralytic patients can not move freely and only use wheelchairs in their daily life. Especially, people getting motor neuron disease (MND) can only use their eyes and brain to exercise their willpower. Therefore, real-time EEG and winking signals can help these patients effectively. However, current BCI systems are usually complex and have to send the brain waves to a personal computer or a single-chip microcontroller to process the EEG signals. In this paper, a simple BCI system with two channels and an FPGA-based circuit for controlling DC motor can help paralytic patients easily to drive the electric wheelchair. The proposed BCI system consists of a wireless physiological with two-channel acquisition module and an FPGA-based signal processing unit. Here, the physiological signal acquisition module and signal processing unit were designed for extracting EEG and winking signals from brain waves which can directly transformed into control signals to drive the electric wheelchairs. The advantages of the proposed BCI system are low power consumption and compact size so that the system can be suitable for the paralytic patients. The experimental results showed feasible action for the proposed BCI system and drive circuit with a practical operating in electric wheelchair applications.
The Performance Analysis of an AKF Based Tightly-Coupled INS/GNSS Sensor Fusion Scheme with Non-Holonomic Constraints for Land Vehicular Applications
Authors: Chiang Kai Wei , Lin Cheng An , Peng Kun Yao
Published: March 2013

INS/GNSS integration scheme can overcome the shortcoming of GNSS or INS alone to provide superior performance. The position and velocity from GNSS is an excellent external aid to update the INS with improving its long-term accuracy. Adaptive Kalman Filter (AKF) is based on the maximum likelihood criterion for choosing the most appropriate weight and thus to adjust Kalman gain factors online. The conventional Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) implementation suffers uncertain results while the update measurement covariance matrix R does not meet the case. The primary advantage of AKF is that the filter has less relationship with the priori statistical information because the R varies with time. The innovation sequence is used to derive the measurement weights through the measurement covariance matrices, innovation-based adaptive estimation (IAE) in this study. There are two non-holonomic constraints (NHC) available for land vehicle navigation. Land vehicles will not jump off or slid on the ground under normal condition. Using these constraints, the velocity of the vehicle in the plane perpendicular to the forward direction is almost zero. EKF and AKF based tightly-coupled scheme with NHC are implemented in the study. To validate the performance of EKF and AKF based tightly-coupled INS/GNSS integration scheme with NHC, field scenarios were conducted in the downtown area of Tainan city. The test platform was mounted on the top of a land vehicle and the data fusion of INS/GNSS/NHC can be used as stand-alone positioning tool during GNSS outages of over 1 minute. The preliminary results presented in this study illustrated that AKF based tightly-coupled INS/GNSS integration scheme can provide more stable solutions combined with NHC during GNSS outages of over 1 minute. Generally speaking, the improvement ratio in term of 3D positioning of proposed algorithm reach 40% compared to EKF based tightly-coupled INS/GNSS integration scheme.
Train Detection by Magnetic Field Measurement with Giant Magnetoresistive Sensors for High-Speed Railway
Authors: Zhang Shu Qi , Lee Wing Kin , Pong Philip W.T.
Published: March 2013

Train detection, as part of the railway signaling system, is important for safe operation of high-speed railway. The recent flourishing development of high-speed railway stimulates the research need of train detection technology to enhance the safety and reliability of train operation. This paper proposes a new technique for train detection through magnetic field measurement by giant magnetoresistive sensors. This technology was studied by the analysis of magnetic field distribution in the high-speed rail system obtained from modeling and simulation. The results verify the feasibility for detection of train presence, number of rolling stocks, speed, and length. It can overcome the limitations of track circuits and provide additional measurement capabilities to the signaling system. This detection system can be built with low cost and minimal maintenance load as well as compacted construction. Therefore, it may serve as a new train detection system to help improve the current systems, enhancing and promoting the safety and reliability of high-speed rail system.
Real-Time Vehicle License Plate Recognition Based on Scanning and 2D Haar Discrete Wavelet Transform
Authors: Lee Rong Choi , Hung King Chu , Wang Huan Sheng
Published: March 2013

This thesis is to approach license-plate recognition using 2D Haar Discrete Wavelet Transform (HDWT) and artificial neural network. This thesis consists of three main parts. The first part is to locate and extract the license-plate. The second part is to train the license-plate. The third part is to real time scan recognition. We select only after the second 2D Haar Discrete Wavelet Transform the image of low-frequency part, image pixels into one-sixteen, thus, reducing the image pixels and can increase rapid implementation of recognition and the computer memory. This method is to scan for car license plate recognition, without make recognition of the individual characters. The experimental result can be high recognition rate.
Voice Communication Network Quality of Service Estimation and Forecast Based on Cloud Model
Authors: Jiang Yi , Wang Xi , Lin Fan
Published: March 2013

This article introduces cloud model to estimation of quality of service for voice communication network. It presents ideas of design, implementation procedure, carries out analysis of related key techniques, puts forward an improved backward cloud generator algorithm and conducts validating experiments. The results show that this model can handle the fuzziness and randomness of voice communication network well, adjust to uncertainty that hyper-entropy brings, reduce the impact of human factors, estimate grade of quality of service for voice communication network correctly and provide strong fundaments for further proper measures. It preserves the inherent uncertainty in the process of estimating at most and improves reliability of estimating results.
Improved Energy Performance of Air-Cooled Liquid Chillers with Innovative Condensing-Coil Configurations
Authors: Wu Wu Chieh , Lee Tzong Shing , Chang Chich Hsiang
Published: March 2013

The purpose of this study was to develop mathematical models for air-cooled chillers and their components using innovative varied row configurations as a parameter analysis model followed by a simulation of actual operational performance. In this manner, we were able to observe the increase in performance of air-cooled chillers and the energy transfer efficiency of individual components. This study found that the innovative varied row configuration (Type C) can increase the COP of air-cooled chiller by 6.7% over that of traditional condensing-coil configuration (Type A) with an increase in total irreversibility and the irreversibility of the condenser of 8.4% and 4.1%, respectively; Type C can increase the COP of air-cooled chiller by 3.3% over that of the best condensing-coil configuration (Type B) with an increase in total irreversibility and the irreversibility of the condenser of 1.6% and 4.6%, respectively. We believe that the results of this research can provide an important basis of reference for future design of air-cooled chiller units.
Numerical Investigation of a Crossflow Jet in a Rectangular Microchannel
Authors: Wong Kok Cheong
Published: March 2013

The present numerical study is conducted in three dimensional to investigate the crossflow of an external round jet and a horizontal stream of microchannel flow. The results of heat transfer performance for the cases with and without transverse jet are compared. The patterns of different crossflow jet were analyzed to understand the flow and heat transfer characteristics. The effect of jet nozzle position on the heat transfer is investigated. Generally, the heat transfer performance increases with the jet Reynolds number. However, some cases of weak jet are found to cause lower heat transfer rate relative to the case without external jet. When vertical weak jet encounter strong horizontal flow, the horizontal flow is dominant that the jet cannot reach the microchannel bottom wall but imposes resistance to the horizontal flow. The investigation on the jet nozzle location shows that the jet nozzle location closer to the channel inlet gives better heat transfer performance.
Omni-Directional Vision System for Mobile Robot Using Structured Lights
Authors: Zhang Yue , Li Yuan , Wang Qing Lin
Published: March 2013

Vision system can obtain rich environmental information, and vision is one of the most important sensing methods for mobile robot navigation and positioning. An omni-directional vision system using laser illumination is presented. The system can obtain the distance information of the obstacles around the mobile robot by only one image. The principle of the vision system is expounded; the mapping relationship between the image plane and the laser plane is given based on the analysis of the system model. The system benefits from the advantages of the omni-directional vision and the structured light vision, such as large ranged environmental information, high precision and robustness, etc. Experimental results of measurement and map construction verify the vision system.
Monitoring and Control System of Variable Frequency Aeration Based on PID Control
Authors: Huan Juan , Liu Xing Qiao , Wang Hong Yuan , Wang Hong Yuan
Published: March 2013

Efficient control of DO may increase energy savings, improve productivity, and enhance sustainability for aquaculture. A new monitoring and control system of variable frequency aeration based on PID has been designed. It can real-time monitor environmental parameters such as PH, DO, temperature, and the height of water. In addition, it can control DO in time. According to the actual changes of DO, the frequency converter automatically controls the aerator’s work. The experiment indicates that the relative error of sensor’s measuring DO is controlled in ±1.3%.The system works stably and achieved the function that it can collect environment data automatically, and manage data in real time.
Research on Construction Machinery Products’ Color Imagery Based on Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Yao Cen , Xie Qing Sen , Zheng Wei
Published: March 2013

This paper considers how to make effective coating design and how to extend to series products. The research is based on the analysis of the sample products and color imagery, collection of sample images containing selected color. Then propose the painting scheme. According to the painting scheme, use genetic algorithm to get the optimal result. And this result can maintain consistency of series products style. The experimental result shows that this method has good applicability for construction machinery products painting design.