bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrated CAD/CAM Software for Steel Tubular Truss Structures
Authors: Wang Zhong Quan , Luo Xiao Qun , Hu Jiang Min , Yang Zong Lin
Published: October 2010

Using ObjectARX, an integrated CAD/CAM software for steel tubular truss structures has been developed based on AutoCAD platform and Visual studio.Net environment. The design ideas and the application effects are introduced in this paper. Because of different data requirements in different design stages of steel tubular structures, i.e., the whole structure design and the detail design, a wireframe model and a solid model were adopted in the software, respectively. Joint lofting is the key point in manufacturing of complex tubular trusses. To solve this, 3D solid model was constructed by self-defined solid objects, which were designed with inheritance of class AcDb3dSolid in ObjectARX, and Boolean operation was used to realize 3D end lofting of branch pipes. Based on the lofted solid model, the G-codes can be generated automatically. At last, an actual tubular truss structure was designed and lofted by using the software. The proposed software package realizes the integration of CAD/CAM and it can greatly reduce the cost and time of design and fabrication, improve the quality of construction.
Design and Study of Heavy Tipper Multistage Hydraulic Cylinder Based on CAD/CAE
Authors: Sui Xiu Hua , Miao De Jun , Feng Zheng Mao
Published: October 2010

The hydraulic cylinder is an actuator of hydraulic lifting system in the heavy tipper, which also plays an important role in unloading. Aiming at the existing multistage hydraulic cylinder design method's insufficiency, the CAD/CAE technology is introduced into the domains of multistage hydraulic cylinder design. In this paper push-forwarding five-stage hydraulic cylinder is designed, and virtual assembly is established based on three-dimensional digital model using PRO/E sofeware. The multistage hydraulic cylinder's load-supporting characteristics are analyzed by ANSYS. The result of finite element analysis shows that the stress on the top front part of three down hydraulic cylinder is biggest, those on the trunnion and the cylinder's bottom are also bigger. It is also proved that the multistage hydraulic cylinder designed with CAD/CAE technology can satisfy the requirements of intensity, rigidity and supporting stability.
A Variant Design Method of Assembly
Authors: Liu Fu Yun , Lu Ni Ya , Kuang Bing
Published: October 2010

To improve the design efficiency of product, the variant design method of assembly is researched. Firstly, the identifying and extracting method of assembly constraints is researched, and an identifying and extracting method of assembly constraints based on the re-development technology of SolidWorks is presented. With the identifying and extracting method, assembly constraints are obtained and a relationship network of them is built. Secondly, a method for dimensions to transfer around the relationship network of assembly constraints is researched and a dimension transfer method is put forward. Then a dimension modify method of assembly based on the dimension transfer method is obtained. Lastly, a variant design method of assembly based on the dimension transfer and dimension modify method is presented and a variant design module integrated into SolidWorks is developed. As an example, all methods are applied to a coupling assembly, and the methods are verified.
Preparation and Performance of the Magnesium Matrix Composite Reinforced with Al2O3-SiO2 Short Fibers
Authors: Tian Jun , Li Wen Fang , Zhong Shou Yan , Peng Ji Hua
Published: October 2010

AZ91 magnesium matrix composite was fabricated by squeeze infiltration process. The aluminum silicate short fibers were used as reinforcement, and aluminum phosphate was adopted as binder, fabricating process was improved as well as reducing fabricating cost effectively. The optimum technique of squeeze casting, that was, preform-body temperature of 6600C, mould temperature of 5600C, pouring temperature of 7600C and pressure of 30~50MPa. The reaction products were investigated by optical microscopic, XRD and SEM. The results show that an ideal stronger interface is formed by the chemical reaction between magnesium alloy matrix and aluminum phosphate binder due to the produce of MgO particles and a little MgAl2O4 particles in the interface. AZ91 magnesium matrix composite is well-organized, and its grain size is significantly smaller than that of the matrix. The structure of AZ91 magnesium matrix composite is uniform without casting defects such as shrinkages and inclusions.
Research on Variant Design Method of Dimensional Tolerance Based on Parametric Technology
Authors: Xiao Li Zhi , Kuang Bing , Liu Fu Yun , Huang Mei Fa , Zhang Jing
Published: October 2010

Product variant design is one of the key technologies of Manufacturing Enterprise for responding market demand. During the product variant design, dimensional tolerance variant design plays an important role. However, dimensional tolerance variant design is considered rarely in the researches of product variant design. To solve the dimensional tolerance variant design during product variant design, information expression, extraction and labeling method of dimensioning of dimensional tolerance of part dimension model is investigated. A variant design method with dimensional tolerance is presented in this paper. In the method, dimension variant design and dimensional tolerance variant design are integrated, so dimension variant design and dimensional tolerance variant design are implemented concurrently. A part variant design module with dimension and dimensional tolerance based on SolidWorks is developed for using Visual C++. Finally, an example of shaft illustrates the proposed method.
Study on Logistics-Oriented Product Innovative Design
Authors: Zhou Chun Sheng , Zhao Wu , Zhang Kai
Published: October 2010

In order to improve the logistic characteristics of products, a process of product innovative design for logistics is presented which is combined with the idea of product design for logistics and innovative design theory. Some innovative design approaches i.e. TRIZ, QFD, knowledge-based innovative design, are introduced. Based upon product design criteria for logistics and QFD (Quality Function Deployment), the conflicts between product performance and logistic characteristics are discussed and determined. TRIZ (Theory of Inventive Problem Solving) is employed to solve the conflicts, with the conflict matrix and inventive principles. According to the product logistic characteristics, the general TRIZ engineering parameters are simplified to facilitate the application. Further more, the analysis of logistic design conflicts is introduced. A case study has been done to illustrate the method proposed in this paper.
Research on Method of Knowledge Classification for Supporting Product Creative Design
Authors: Li Tuo , Zhao Wu , Zhang Ying
Published: October 2010

In order to study creative design technology based on multi-domain knowledge-driven, it has been proposed that a novel method of knowledge classification to support product creative design. This method, using the theory of cognitive psychology classifies knowledge into explicit and tacit knowledge, analyzing knowledge transfer and knowledge creation, combining the characteristics of product design, builds up a creative knowledge supply model by constructing a continuous pedigree of creative design. On this basis, the knowledge supporting creative design has been divided into four types: scientific effect, factual knowledge, knowledge of creative design principles, strategies and methods, and personal tacit knowledge. The types and scope of knowledge have been also discussed in different conceptual design stage. The classification provides a theoretical basis for establishing knowledge system of product creative design.
Knowledge Support Technology of Creative Design for Electromechanical Products
Authors: Zhang Kai , Zhao Wu , Zhou Chun Sheng
Published: October 2010

It has been discussed in this paper that the necessity of knowledge support technology used in creative design of electromechanical products. In order to apply knowledge support technology to creative design of electromechanical products, a relation matrix has been constructed by QFD (Quality Function Deployment) technology between the various performances of electromechanical products and the involved knowledge of them. Thus, the HOQ (House of Quality) about the knowledge–performance of electromechanical products is built. Then, the further demand tracking has been made as well. After that, it has been established that the knowledge model and knowledge application process used in creative design of electromechanical products. Finally, a new method has been proposed which can guide designers to do product creative design by knowledge demand.
Tooth Contact Analysis of Face Gear Drive Modified by a Grinding Worm
Authors: Guo Hui , Zhao Ning , Gao Hao
Published: October 2010

This paper proposes a modification method for tooth surface of face gear drive with a grinding worm on a numerical grinding machine. The surface equation of grinding worm is derived, and the coordinate System of generating the worm is established. Tooth contact analysis (TCA) is performed to investigate the performance of face gear drive before and after modification, and the alignment error is considered. This method can obtain a more stable bearing contact in contrast to the method by increasing tooth number of shaper. The longitudinal bearing contact on the face-gear tooth surface has been obtained which will increase the contact ratio. By modification the edge contact at surface edges of the gears can be avoided and the modification magnitude can be controlled freely.
Sphere Image Representation of Triangular Mesh and its Application
Authors: Bai Xiao Liang , Zhang Shu Sheng , Ma Yuan Kui , Zhang Kai Xing
Published: October 2010

Image processing algorithms are based on the idea that all pixels of it ranked over the orderly rows, which make the algorithms easier to be implemented. Extending image processing algorithms to triangular mesh is always an important idea for triangular mesh processing. But since the topology of a triangular mesh is not as simple as an image, triangular mesh processing is relatively difficult. This paper presented a new sphere image representation of a triangular mesh, which is an image as well as a graphic, and based on it, image processing algorithms can be easily extended to a triangular mesh. Experimental results show that by simply extending the image processing algorithms the presented sphere image representation can effectively reduce difficult of segmentation and mesh editing. Moreover the sphere image representation can be used for more triangular mesh processing applications.
Determination of Multiple Clamping Forces Using the Rigid Body Model
Authors: Qin Guo Hua , Lu Yu Ming
Published: October 2010

A workpiece will be subject to gravity and cutting forces during the machining operation. In order to resist external loads, multiple clamping forces are usually exerted on a workpiece so that it can be hold to be the correct position during the entire machining operation. However, insufficient clamping forces cannot prevent the workpiece from motions whereas excessive clamping forces may cause the improper deformations of workpiece-fixture system. Therefore, a systematic determination of magnitudes and placements of clamping forces is formulated as nonlinear constrained equations according to the minimum total complementary energy. By solving the resulting nonlinear equations, all contact forces including clamping forces and their application placements can accurately predicted in the frictional workpiece-fixture system. This method is illustrated with example cases.
Information Extraction Method for a STEP-Compliant NC Program
Authors: Yuan Guo Qiang , Zhang Cheng Rui , Zhang Yuan Cai , Liu Ri Liang
Published: October 2010

STEP-NC provides a way for intelligent NC manufacturing and seamless connection of the computer systems in design and manufacturing industries. It also makes it a must for a new breed of CNC machines to interface directly with the new part programs in STEP format (ISO 10303-21). In this paper, the data model and structure of part programs based on STEP-NC (STEP AP 238) are overviewed. Available tools are discussed and a method of extracting the manufacturing information from STEP-NC physical files is presented, and corresponding software module are developed in ST-DeveloperTM environment. With the aid of the STIXTM and ROSETM C++ library, the general information, feature information, technological information are extracted from the STEP-NC file and organized in a tree structure according to the hierarchy of the data model, which is essential to further usage of the manufacturing data, such as process planning, tool-path generating etc.
Study on the Anti-Oxidant Property of Copper Powder Coated Silane Coupling Agent in Isotropically Conductive Adhesives
Authors: Zhong Jian Hua , Li Zhi Hong , Ouyang Ling Yu
Published: October 2010

In this experiment, the micro copper powders with high temperature of oxidation resistance were prepared by coating with 2 wt.% of silane coupling agent(KH560) solution in order to protect them from oxidation in isotropically conductive adhesives, and X-ray diffraction analysis(XRD), thermo gravimetric analysis(TGA) and accelerated aging test were applied to analyze the anti-oxidant property of the samples before and after they were treated. Experimental results showed that the polymer of silane coupling agent on the surfaces of copper powders had high thermal stability exposed under high temperature and was very effective in preventing the copper powders from oxidation in isotropically conductive adhesives. Besides, the epoxy conductive adhesive sample with plated copper as electrically conductive fillers still had good conductive property even exposed at 160 degrees with its bulk resistivity was 8.75×10-3Ω•cm.
Applying Element-Free Galerkin Method to Simulate Die Forging Problems
Authors: Li Di , Xu Jia Chuan , Kang Wen Qian
Published: October 2010

The analysis for die forging forming problems with finite element method can lose considerable accuracy due to severely distortional meshes. The element-free Galerkin method is suitable for large deformation analysis and provides a higher rate of convergence than that of the conventional finite element methods. A rigid-plastic meshless method based on the element-free Galerkin method has been applied to die forging problems. The arc-tangent friction model is used to handle frictional contact and the penalty method is applied to impose the volumetric incompressibility conditions. By dividing all integration points set into the point subset of the rigid zones and the point subset of the plastic zones, nonsmoothness of the rigid-plastic constitutive relation can be eliminated. A die forging example has been analyzed to demonstrate the performance of the method.
Development of Three-Dimensional Parametric Modeling for Milling Process Simulation
Authors: Sheng Jing , Zhang Guang Guo , Zhang Hong Hua
Published: October 2010

Metal machining simulation using finite element method (FEM) is extraordinarily complex. It is essential to develop a system so as to construct simulation model and obtain valuable results conveniently and rapidly. This study developed a parametric modeling based on MSC.Marc software, which included the key techniques of three-dimensional (3D) modeling and the parametric modeling course of metal milling process. In addition, an explanation facility based on the procedure file, which could be run automatically, was performed according to a modeling procedure. The interface of the system designed using Builder, could access data, which included the geometric angles and the dimensions of a tool and a workpiece, the relative position between them, their properties and cutting conditions, etc.. Calling the procedure file, the system approached the parametric modeling. An example was given, which simulation results indicated that it is an effective methodology to develop 3D parametric modeling.
Study on Key Technologies of Practical DNC System
Authors: Zhang Sheng Fang , Ji Chang Jun , Sha Zhi Hua , Ma Chen Hao
Published: October 2010

Aim at the communication problems of computer and NC machine tool, a practical DNC system is developed in this paper. A three-layer control structure mode – which is composed by the unit layer, DNC computer workstation layer and NC system equipment layer – is presented. Based on its good real-time capability and high reliability, CAN field-bus is introduced into the DNC communication system construction, the network topology is constructed and related hardware is chosen properly. Using VC++6.0 as development tool, and assisted with special compiling tools LEX&YACC, 3D standard graphic library OpenGL and database Microsoft Access, and based on the multi-task and multi-thread technologies, the software of the system is developed. The system has the characteristics of reliable operation, simple structure and high real-time capability, can improve the efficiency of NC machining process obviously, and has a certain application prospect in the middle and small scale manufacturing enterprises of our country.
Algorithm Study on Orientation Planes Identifying Based on KBE of Gear-Box Parts
Authors: Liu Zhen Yu , Liu En Fu
Published: October 2010

To provide the orientation information of gear-boxes in the machining center, an algorithm was studied. The gear-box part was built based on dozens of parameterized features according to KBE (Knowledge Based Engineering), and was assumed being surrounded by six planes which were Front, Back, Left, Right, Bottom and Top. The features based on KBE were applied to the six planes one by one through the Boolean operation. Each feature was set a direction vector parameter which showed the feature orientation in the global coordinate system. After each direction vector of the six planes was calculated out based on the selected three points on each plane, the features’ direction could be identified by comparing the two orientation vector parameters. The result is that CAM system can arrange the gear-box parts’ clamping position more conveniently after the features owned orientation planes are identified.
Multiobjective Optimization Using Fitness Function and Sequence Approximate Technology
Authors: Jiang Zhan Si , Jiang Hui
Published: October 2010

In order to obtain well-distributed Pareto front with less number of high-fidelity analysis during simulation optimization, a Pareto multiobjective optimization method is put forward by combining the fitness function and sequence approximate technology. Research shows that better Pareto points can be identified for the multiobjective optimization problems with convex, nonconvex or discontinue Pareto front, and the number of high-fidelity analysis can be largely reduced.
Optimization Design for Planet Carrier of Planetary Gear Reducer Based on ANSYS
Authors: Zhou Si Zhu , Li Chao , Xing Tai , Li Chun Bao
Published: October 2010

On the basis of analyzing the structure of planetary gear reducer, this paper points out that it’s necessary to make use of optimization design method to improve the design level of the planetary gear reducer. The optimization model of planet carrier is established and the process of optimization design is studied. Taking the XJB80 single arm planet carrier as an example, whose optimization design is performed by using ANSYS software. The spacing of connecting panel, thickness of sidewall, the inner radius of the connecting panel and some other parameters are selected as design variables, the yield strength and structural deformation limitation of planet carrier material are selected as state variables and the total volume is selected as objective function. The optimal structure size of the planet carrier is obtained, result shows that the corresponding volume is reduced by 21%, thus the manufacturing cost can be reduced. The study result has already been used by planetary gear reducer enterprise.
Numerical Simulation of Cold Heading and Extruding for Spiral Bevel Gear
Authors: Chen Ying Ying , Feng Wen Jie , Yang Ying , Du Yong
Published: October 2010

This paper develops an opened forging and divided flow process for spiral bevel gears. By the help of rigid-plastic finite-element software DEFORM-3D, this paper designed cold-extruding part and concave die for bevel gear in the rear running gear of tri-motorcycle and simulated the forming process of cold-heading and extruding. On condition of guaranteeing shaping quality of teeth, the optimum diameter of die porthole was made sure by analyzing the effect of porthole size on volume of billet and plastic force. The experiment results show that the design parameter is reasonable and simulation results are helpful to the design of die.
Elliptical Gears Parametric Design and Motion Simulation
Authors: Hu Chi Bing , Tian Fang Yong , Jiang Yan Cang
Published: October 2010

Based on the design theory of non-circular gears, using Visual Basic 6.0 Programming language secondary developed SolidWorks software, a system of elliptical gears parametric design and motion simulation was developed. 3D parametric modeling and motion simulation of elliptical gears can be achieved by this system. The development process of system is introduced in detail, and an example which designed a transmission with two identical three rank elliptical gears was given to illustrate the system operation process in detail. Using elliptical gears pair ratio cyclical curves acquired, compared with theoretical transmission ratio can verify design whether meet the requirements. Complex design and calculation and difficult 3D modeling problems of elliptical gears are solved, and this system can also improve design precision, shorten the development cycle, and guarantee the quality of products.
Tribological Properties of ZrO2 Ceramics under Vacuum Condition
Authors: Tong Rui Peng
Published: October 2010

Sliding wear was investigated for ZrO2 ceramics against M50 bearing steel under vacuum condition. The research was studied on the ball-disk machine under different loads and steady sliding velocity. The worn surfaces of tested samples were examined using optical microscope, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results showed that the friction coefficient of ZrO2 was decided by the applied load, the critical load of ZrO2 was 10N applied load under vacuum condition, the specific wear rate of ZrO2 drop rapidly with exceeded applied critical loads. The ZrO2 ceramics materials have transferred on the M50 bearing steel surface under high vacuum condition. The dominant wear mechanisms of ZrO2 ceramics were mico-adhesion, tribochemical wear, brittle scraps and micro-furrow wear under vacuum condition.
The Research on Part Information Model of Injection Mold CAD/CAPP
Authors: Hao Jian Ling , Li Kai Ling , Zhang Hai Ming
Published: October 2010

Feature-modeling has reached the design mainstream, which was considered as one of ways to integrated system unblocked. Discussing the definition and classification of feature and giving the contents of features of management information, features of technical information and form features, then the part information model was established based on the features in the paper. The systems of treelike part classification coding and feature coding take an important part in the model, which were described based on structural and technological characters of injection parts. Under the rules of feature coding, the feature codes for sprue bush and B plate were developed. The part information model is used to describe, obtain, store, and transmit the part information of the integrated system.
Study on Cutter Trace Calculation and Interference Checking for Complex Surfaces NC Machining
Authors: Duan Zhen Yun , Zhao Wen Zhen , Zhao Wen Hui
Published: October 2010

Cutter trace calculation and interference checking play a dominant role in the NC machining of complex surface. In this paper the conceptions of the final movement and the orientation-distance have been proposed. It is proved that the two points with minimal orientation-distance on a pair of smooth surfaces are conjugate points. Thus the conjugate problem between the two surfaces is converted into optimization process of orientation-distance function. Combining minimal orientation-distance principle with five-point optimization method, the minimal orientation-distance algorithm has been proposed to calculate the cutter trace. The cutter trace and the cutter interference are achieved respectively by local and global optimization of the orientation-distance function based on the minimal orientation-distance algorithm and GA. The validity of this new algorithm is also proved by helicoids NC machining.
Visual Design System Development of Wellhead’s High Pressure Valve
Authors: Li Mei Qiu , Huang Yi , Duan Meng Lan , Zhou Si Zhu
Published: October 2010

The article introduces the advantages and the application of the visual design, analyzes the tendency and shortage of product development about high pressure valve used in wellhead. Combining the visual design method with collaborative design idea, a visual design system is designed for high pressure valve used in wellhead, which includes three modules. The development process and function of the system is described in detail. Based on a great deal database and modularized collaborative design, basic geometric design, three-dimensional modeling, virtual assembly and finite element analysis (FEA) on chief parts are finished successfully. Practice indicated that the visual design system was an effective measure to improve efficiency of design, meet the demand of the development of product serialization, and reduce the cycle of development of product, reduce the cost.
Vibration Analysis of Ball Screw Drive System for CNC Machine Tool
Authors: Zhang Ya Wei , Zhang Wei Min
Published: October 2010

In order to raise ability of five-axis CNC machine tools to machine geometrically complex work pieces efficiently and with higher dimensional accuracy, it is necessary to research its mechanical eigenfrequency of mechanical transmission system. A multi-body modeling method for the vibration analyze of ball screw drive system is presented in this paper. To design such a structure properly, an analysis model for the multi-body system needs to be developed to estimate the modal characteristics effectively and properly; the transfer matrix method for the solution of the eigenfrequency problems of ball screw drive system for CNC machine is considered here. The vector–matrix formulizers of motion of multi-body system for this system are given. By using transfer matrix method, the global dynamics equation is not needed in the study of multi-body system dynamics, and it has advantages of a small size of matrix and higher computational speed.
Automatic Planning Approach of Auxiliary Clamping Points of Rapid Fixture in Thin-Walled Parts
Authors: Wen Ting , Hu Qing Xi
Published: October 2010

In order to solve the deformation of thin-walled parts when fixed by fixtures in the environment of examination, transport, welding, assembly and demonstration, the paper is based on automatic planning approach of main champing points in Rapid Fixture Design System and mainly focuses on auto-planning auxiliary clamping points of thin-walled parts in Rapid Fixture Design System and represents the layout of auxiliary clamping points to deal with the problem of easy deformation of thin-wall parts when under small stress environment, which establishes automatic planning approach of RP. Finally, the paper gives an example to verify the effectiveness of the approach. Achieve the goal of designing rapid fixture automatically, fast and efficiently and enhance the capacity of enterprises responding quickly to dynamic changes in the market.
Automatic Programming System for Machining Center On-Line Inspection
Authors: Meng Jian Jun , Liu Fen , Sang Hong Qiang , Yun Jin Tian
Published: October 2010

Currently, manual inspection and off-line inspection play an important role in the inspection methods of machining process, which severely restricts the development of inspecting automation. In the paper, automatic programming system for machining center on-line inspection was developed by secondary development kit object ARX of AutoCAD. Inspecting datum was obtained, inspecting process planning was laid up and inspecting program was made automatically. The inspection can be applied to automatic workpiece setting up, on-line inspection of workpiece, data processing, quality analysis and compensation of machined workpiece errors, which led to increase precision, production efficiency and quality and reduced the rate of rejection and tool damage.
Basic Research on Five-Axis NC Machining of Subdivision Surface
Authors: Yuan Hong , Lu Xiao Li , Hong Rong Jing
Published: October 2010

Basic research on five-axis NC machining of subdivision surface is presented. Research on Catmull-Clark subdivision surface, a method is presented by using computational geometry techniques to determine optimal tool position and orientation for 5-axis machining with torus end-mill: The normal vector of the subdivision surface vertex and the offset surface calculation are discussed firstly, then the rough machining model of subdivision surface is built and machined by using five-axis machining with the motion of the torus end-mill position and orientation according to the normal line of the surface. The tool position and orientation, cutting radius and tool path are calculated. Finally a computer simulation instantiation is given. This method improves the machining ability of subdivision surfaces.
CAD-CAM Prosthesis in Maxillo-Facial Surgery
Authors: Sekou Singare , Zhong Shou Yan , Xu Guang Hui , Wang Wei Ping , Zhou Jian Jun
Published: October 2010

To improve the maxillofacial surgery outcome, modern manufacturing methods such as rapid prototyping (RP), reverse engineering (RE) and medical imaging data have been utilised to manufacture custom-made prostheses after previous failed reconstructive surgery. After acquisition of data, an individual computer-based 3D model of the bony defect was generated and transferred into RE software to create the prosthesis CAD model. Then the physical model of the prosthesis was fabricated by RP technique. The precise fit of the prosthesis was evaluated using the prosthesis and skull models. The prosthesis was then directly used in investment casting such as “Quick Cast” pattern to produce the titanium model. In the clinical reports presented here, reconstructions of one patient with large mandible bone defects were performed using this method. The custom prostheses perfectly fit the defects during the operations, and surgery time was reduced. These cases showed that the prefabrication of a prosthesis using modern manufacturing technology is an effective method for maxillofacial defect reconstruction.
Methods of Cam Structure Optimization Based on Behavioral Modeling
Authors: Liu Yong Xia , Peng Ru Shu , Hou Ai Hong , Tang De Wen
Published: October 2010

By defining analysis feature and using analysis results to drive the parametric model, behavioral modeling establishes feature parameter of model automatically for meeting design objectives and making model technology intelligent, that is to say the result could be optimized automatically. In this paper, the application of PRO/E parametric modeling technologies in design of cam profile curve is researched. In order to optimization for dynamic balance of the cam, the methods of defining analysis feature and sensitivity/optimization analysis are proposed by using the technology of PRO/E behavioral modeling. These technologies can enhance the efficiency and quality of the cam design and provide a practical method for 3D modeling of this kind of cam. The fifth generation of CAD model technology named behavioral modeling provides the method of flexible and intelligent solution of practical engineering problems.
Fatigue Analysis of a Self-Propelled Steel Bridge for Life-Customized Design
Authors: Peng Wei Ping , Peng Min , Liu Zhao , Wei Yan Hong , Xia Re
Published: October 2010

Structure design of a product under complex loads not only must meet the conditions of its strength and stiffness, but also must consider the requirements of its fatigue life. Due to the lack of historical data of actual loads and stress, it is usually difficult to predict the fatigue life of product structure in life-customized design. Taking self-propelled steel bridge as an example, which is used for spoil transportation of tunnel construction in the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway projects, this paper presents a method of fatigue analysis for product structure for life-customized design. The approach of this work includes steps of (1) simulating actual work and load conditions of the bridge based on finite-element (FE) method, and determining risk components of the bridge, (2) analyzing the stress time history of dangerous components of the bridge, and drawing out the stress spectrum to solve the bottleneck problem of fatigue life calculation in the bridge design, (3) correcting the material S-N curves and predicting the fatigue life of the bridge based on Miner linear cumulative damage theory. The results of this research will facilitate implementation of life-customized design, thus meet the requirements of expected life of the bridge, and also improve the reliability and security of the bridge in engineering application.
Effects of Weaves on the Tribological Properties of Hybrid Kevlar/PTFE Fabric Composites
Authors: Yang Yu Lin , Gu Da Peng , Deng Wei
Published: October 2010

Three weaves (plain, twill 1/3 and satin 8/3) of hybrid kevlar/PTFE fabric composites were selected for investigating the influence of weaves on the tribological properties. Pin-on-flat linear reciprocating wear studies were done on the three kinds of composites on a CETR Tester under pressure 20 MPa and frequency 13 Hz. The relationship between the tensile strength and the tribolog- ical performance of fabric composites was also examined. It was observed that though the friction coefficient of satin 8/3 was the lowest, the specific wear rate was also the highest. Plain weave, however, performed worse in friction-reduction while resulting best in antiwear performance. The tensile strength does not have an influence on the wear performance. So the different tribological performance of the three weaves of fabric composites may attribute to the different PTFE proportion in the fabric surface and adhesive wear. A model of wear process of fabric composites was proposed and supported by the Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope (CLSM) studies.
Research on Solving Method for Tooth Crest Curve of Spiral Bevel Gear under Form Milling
Authors: Wei Xiu Ting , Liu Jing Cheng , Du Qiang
Published: October 2010

Combining the machining process simulation on UG NX software and the mathematically analysis, a new solving method for the tooth crest curve equation of spiral bevel gears is proposed in this paper. The steps are as follows:1) Establishing the gear blank cone equation in the original coordinate system; 2) Finding the gear convex and concave profile equations in the new coordinate system; 3) Integrating the original coordinate system and the new one through geometric transformation and then deducing the tooth crest curve equations on both sides. The equations will help calculate the cutter’s position and pose in addendum chamfering process, with the chamfer automation achieved.
A New Method for Deformation of B-Spline Surfaces
Authors: Cheng Xian Guo , Liu Wei Jun
Published: October 2010

This paper presents an efficient method for deforming B-spline surfaces, based on the surface energy minimization. Firstly, using an analogy between the B-spline surface patch and the thin-plate element of the finite element method, and applying external forces on the surface with some given geometric constraints, the forces can locate on part of the surface or the surface. Then, the energy of the B-spline surface can change with the change of the forces. Finally, a new B-spline surface is generated by solving an optimization problem of change of the energy. The forces can be a single force, a distributed force and set of isolated force. The method can accomplish easily local deformation and total deformation of the B-spline surface.
A Study on the Technology of Helical Groove Formation
Authors: Lu Ru Sheng , Yao Bin , Yao Bo Shi , Chen Ming Hui
Published: October 2010

On the basis of analyzing the geometric characteristics of the helical groove, the interfer -ometry method for its processing is discussed. This paper establishes a mathematical model of the helical groove, using differential geometry theory and numerical analysis. This research analyzes the impact of machine adjustment parameters (i.e. setting angle) on the geometry specification (i.e. Rake angle) of the helical groove. The simulation examples are done by CAD (Computer Aided Design), and the reasonable adjustment of machine parameters will be obtained by computer simulation and statistical analysis. This will reduce the time for design, the number of trial samples, and production costs. This study provides a precise 3D helical cutter model which can be used in areas such as finite element analysis (FEA) and virtual cutting tests.
An Automatic NC Programming System for Mould-Electrode Based on PowerMill
Authors: Tao Jian Hua , Zhang Fei , Liu Xiao Chu
Published: October 2010

As general CAM software, PowerMill encounter some problems in NC programming for mould-electrode. This paper introduces a system which can significantly improve the efficiency and quality of programming. In the system, the macro, which is a operate recorder of PowerMIll, is used to record the excellent examples of mould-electrode processing. Then the system picks up the key parameters from the macro and save them in the standard processing database. The standard processing database is open database and can save many kinds of processing for various mold-electrodes. When a new mold-electrode which is similar with what is saved in the database to be processed, the system can process it automatically. The system is developed on VB6.0 and includes a standard processing database of mold-electrode and a friendly interface.
Cutting Parameters Optimization to Reduce Errors in Milling Mould
Authors: Zhang Mian Hao
Published: October 2010

Precision cutting, considering the time, cost and flexibility of the production, has been one of the major goals in manufacturing. Nowadays with helping of a lot of modern technology including many of instruments with high accuracy or of many researches focused on using new technological tools such as linear motors, laser and piezoelectric actuators in cutting operations to decrease the basic parts errors (straightness, roundness, diameter error, etc.) for commercial CNC lathes in a cheaper way, but errors always happened after manufacturing between the geometry of the parts which the designer wants to get and the actual parts after manufacturing .In this research Taguchi method is used to design optimal parameters for the high-speed CNC milling machine to reduce parts geometric errors for manufacturing with cheaper cost, economic with using available instruments on the industrial partners.
Automatic Design Method of Wind Turbine Tower and it’s Application
Authors: Su Dong Hai , Zhang Mei Yan , Ma Tie Qiang , Han Xiao Qiu , Sun Chuan Zong , Wang Xiao Dong
Published: October 2010

In order to solve the engineering application problems of parametric rapidly in design of wind turbine tower, an automatic design method of wind turbine tower is put forward first, and the automatic design model was built through analyzing the key parameters and parameters’ calculation relation in different cases: same taper tower design and variable taper tower design. The key parameters, height, diameter and wall thickness of the tower, are mainly considered. Then, an automatic design system of the wind turbine tower is developed and realized according to the model. Finally, the system effectiveness is verified through taking a wind turbine for example. The results show that the system can enhance the design efficiency and shorten the cycle times at the same time.
A Design-Analysis and Simulation Approach of Ball-End Cutter Based on OpenGL
Authors: Liu Mao Fu , Guo Xiong Hua , Han Hui Xian
Published: October 2010

A design-analysis and simulation approach of complex ball-end cutter was proposed by using computer graphics and OpenGL control in this paper. The mathematical models of rake face and flank face of a complex ball-end cutter were built as the simulation condition. A computer-aided design and simulation processing system of complex tool was presented through pre-modeling OpenGL control. Some 3D simulation models of complex ball-end cutter including spiral cylinder, ball-head (including rake face, chip groove, first flank face and second flank face) and grinding wheel were created respectively. According to mathematical models and VC++ software platform, transformation and machining animation simulations of ball-end cutter were designed and realized visually using OpenGL control interface technique. The results of Three-dimensional design and simulation will offer sufficient theory foundation for virtually manufacturing ball-end cutter.
Dynamic Analysis on the Rotating Band’s Engraving Process
Authors: Sun He Yang , Ma Ji Sheng , Yao Jia Jun , Liu Hai Ping , Li Wei
Published: October 2010

The Johnson-Cook yielding criteria model, the initial damage model and the progressive damage and failure constitute model have been introduced into the constitutive equations of the rotating band. By using the penalty function method, the dynamic contact model has been introduced and an explicit dynamics finite element model has been established. The process of the rotating band impacting the throat bore was molded based on the elastic-plastic contact finite element theory. The rotating band pulling in and impacting the throat bore was simulated by the numerical computation. The dynamic responses of the rotating band and the projectile were obtained. And the stress distribution of the throat bore was studied. The influences of the engraving process on the interior ballistics were studied through the numerical computation.
A Comprehensive Tolerancing System for 3D Mechanical Assemblies
Authors: Yang Dong Ya , Gong Jun
Published: October 2010

A comprehensive tolerancing system is presented with its design principle, system architecture and key functions. The following functional modules, automatic generation of dimension chain, equivalent variational mechanism (EVM) modeling and visualized 3D tolerance analysis, are described in detail. Design intent is expressed by assembly tolerance specifications, which may be added to the model and used in computing predicted quality levels. A comprehensive method, based on equivalent replacement, has been developed for modeling variations in 3D mechanical assemblies. The models are constructed of common engineering elements: dimension chain, kinematic joints, assembly datums, dimensional and geometric feature tolerances, and assembly tolerance limits. The method is consistent with engineering design practice and is well suited for integration with commercial CAD systems. To make the tolerancing system robust and efficient, new functionalities are added to well-known CAD software and simulation environment. Tested by many samples, this system shows good robustness and practicability.
Effects of VA Content and Melt Index of EVA on Mechanical Properties of Wood Plastic Composites
Authors: Li Dong Fang , Li Li , Li Jian Zhang
Published: October 2010

Wood plastic composite (WPC) is very useful new material in the modern society. Improving the interfacial bond strength between wood and plastic is the foundation of improving the properties of WPC. Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) was used as the coupling agent of WPC in this study. Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) was employed to study the thermal stability of wood flour modified by EVA. The modulus of rupture (MOR), the modulus of elasticity (MOE), and the tensile strength of WPC were investigated to understand the effects of the vinyl acetate (VA) content and the melt index of EVA on WPC. The results show that EVA could improve the thermal stability of wood flour and the mechanical properties of WPC. The mechanical properties of WPC are increasing with VA content raise and melt index reducing.
Data Integration of CAD, CAE with CAM for Composite Structures
Authors: Zhang Li Hua
Published: October 2010

Digital composite structures definition is the basis for the data integration of CAD, CAE and CAM for composite structures. The key of digital composite structures definition is the modeling of material structures. In this paper the procedure of material structures modeling and contents of laminate lay-up definition data have been summarized briefly. Today composite structures can not be analyzed with true fiber orientations. True fiber orientations of discrete triangle elements have been used to approximate the final state of ply fibers and a XML file has been used to describe laminate lay-up definition data. Furthermore, automatic mapping of fiber orientation data to the finite element mesh based on user specified tolerances has been used to obtain the automatic data transfer from CAD software to CAE software. Finally, the data integration of the CAD software with two manufacturing systems has been presented.
CAD/CAM of Clothing Laser Cutting
Authors: Qiu Jian Xin , Xu Yan Qiu , Li Ying
Published: October 2010

The paper takes computer digital image processing as a foundation, laboratory analysis as the confirmation method, and takes garment industry production as the application production, researching the information characteristic of the clothing image design, the signal extraction, and the basic conversion rule in order to explore the computer-aided design of clothing pattern, apparel images (CAD), as well as the achievement of automatic laser cutting on complex design and apparel-hanging through the information technology. The topic emphatically discusses different graphic file format conversion technology and establishes the best craft parameter database that suits the laser cutting via the ACCESS software, while carrying on the shape error and precision analysis. The topic research conclusion will provide effective, reliable technology and the data support for the laser cutting craft in fashion industry. And it will enhance the laser processing efficiency of the fashion and the apparel hanging as well as guarantee the cutting quality to achieve the best effect.
Modeling of Piezoelectric Ceramics Based on Partial Least-Square Regression Method
Authors: Zhu Xue Jun , Zhu Zhi Wen
Published: October 2010

In this paper, a kind of piezoelectric ceramics model based on hysteretic nonlinear theory has been developed. Van de Pol nonlinear difference item was introduced to interpret the hysteresis phenomenon of the voltage-strain curve of piezoelectric ceramics. The coupling relationship between voltage and stress was obtained in partial least-square regression method to describe the driftage phenomenon of the voltage-strain curve in different stress. Based on above, the final relationship among strain, stress and voltage was set up. The results of significance test showed that the new model could describe the hysteresis characteristics of piezoelectric ceramics in different stress well. The new piezoelectric ceramics model considers the effect of stress, and is easy to be analyzed in theory, which is helpful to vibration control.