bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adsorpsi Ion Besi(III) dan Kadmium(II) Menggunakan Gel Kitosan
Authors: Prambaningrum Westriani , Khabibi Khabibi , Djunaidi Muhammad Cholid
Published: July 2019

Kontaminasi air oleh ion logam berat merupakan masalah serius bagi lingkungan dan kesehatan. Kontaminasi ion logam dalam larutan dapat dikurangi dengan adsorpsi menggunakan gel kitosan. Gel kitosan diperoleh dengan melarutkan serbuk kitosan dalam asam asetat. Adanya gugus amina (-NH2) dan hidroksil (-OH) pada kitosan dapat berfungsi sebagai pengikat ion Fe(III) dan Cd(II). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat gel kitosan dan mengaplikasikan sebagai adsorben ion Fe(III) dan Cd(II) dengan menentukan pH optimum adsorpsi, kapasitas adsorpsi maksimum, dan selektifitas gel kitosan terhadap adsorpsi ion Fe(III) dan Cd(II) dengan variasi pH. Serbuk kitosan dianalisis dengan FTIR untuk menentukan derajat deasetilasi. Gel yang terbentuk digunakan sebagai adsorben Fe(III) dan Cd(II). pH optimum adsorpsi ion Fe(III) dan Cd(II) ditentukan dengan melakukan variasi pH pada 2,8, 3, 4, 5, dan 6. Kapasitas adsorpsi maksimum gel kitosan ditentukan dengan melakukan variasi konsentrasi pada 10 ppm, 30 ppm, 60 ppm, 100 ppm, dan 150 ppm, kemudian hasilnya diinterpretasikan dengan isoterm Langmuir, dan selektifitas gel kitosan terhadap ion Fe(III) dan Cd(II) ditentukan dengan melakukan variasi pH larutan campuran Fe(III) dan Cd(II). Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah gel kitosan dengan ukuran pori sebesar 0,9615-3,2692 μm dari serbuk kitosan yang memiliki derajat deasetilasi 65,53%, pH optimum adsorpsi ion Fe(III) pada pH 4, sedangkan pH optimum adsorpsi ion Cd(II) pada pH 5. Kapasitas adsorpsi maksimum gel kitosan terhadap ion Fe(III) dan Cd(II) masing-masing sebesar 11,574 mg/g dan 8,446 mg/g. Gel kitosan yang diperoleh relatif lebih selektif mengadsorpsi ion Fe(III) dibandingkan dengan ion Cd(II).
Efek NaCl dan Anode Besi terhadap Rendemen Mg(OH)2 pada Elektrolisis Sistem Fe|MgSO4,NaCl||H2O|C
Authors: Kusmananto Harya Fikri , Nuryanto Rahmad , Rahmanto Wasino Hadi
Published: July 2019

Telah dilakukan ekstraksi elektrolitik Mg(OH)2 dengan menggunakan elektrolisis sistem Fe|MgSO4,NaCl||H2O|C. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh konsentrasi NaCl dan anode besi terhadap rendemen Mg(OH)2 yang dihasilkan. Sel elektrolisis terdiri dari 2-kompartemen, kompartemen anodik berisi larutan MgSO4-NaCl dan kompartemen katodik berisi H2O. Elektrolisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan tabung U yang disekat jembatan garam berupa agar-agar, elektrode yang digunakan adalah besi-grafit dan potensial terpasang 9 volt selama 240 menit. Magnesium hidroksida dikarakterisasi menggunakan spektrofotometer IR dan AAS. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi NaCl yang digunakan maka endapan Mg(OH)2 yang dihasilkan juga semakin banyak. Rendemen tertinggi yang dihasilkan pada penggunaan NaCl berkonsentrasi 0,075 M sebesar 98,90 % dengan kadar Magnesium sebesar 72,72 %. Spektra IR Mg(OH)2 hasil elektrolisis memiliki kemiripan bentuk spektra dengan spektra IR Mg(OH)2 standar. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa endapan hasil elektrolisis merupakan Mg(OH)2
Pengaruh Temperatur dan Waktu Kabonisasi pada Sintesis Porous Carbon Berbahan Dasar Molase
Authors: Pertiwi Asti Ayuk Putri , Pardoyo Pardoyo , Subagio Agus
Published: July 2019

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang pengaruh temperatur dan waktu karbonisasi pada sintesis porous carbon berbahan dasar molase. Molase merupakan hasil samping pabrik gula yang memiliki kandungan sukrosa yang sudah tidak dapat dikristalkan lagi. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan molase sebagai sumber karbon dan tetrametilamonium klorida sebagai pencetak pori dengan range temperatur karbonisasi pada 500 - 650°C, sedangkan range waktu karbonisasi adalah 30-180 menit. Untuk pengujian adsorptivitas porous carbon hasil variasi waktu digunakan gas benzena. Analisis permukaan dari porous carbon yang dihasilkan dilakukan dengan SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) untuk mengamati morfologi permukaan dan BET (Bruanuer Emmet Teller) untuk mengetahui luas permukaan dan volume pori. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh porous carbon dengan jumlah dan morfologi molekul yang cenderung meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan temperatur, temperatur optimum diperoleh pada 600°C. Sedangkan waktu karbonisasi dan kemampuan adsorpsi terbaik diperoleh pada waktu 180 menit dengan luas permukaan 265,38 m2/gram, volume pori 187,65 x 10-3 cc/gram dan adsorptivitas sebesar 5,39 x 10-3 mol/gram.
Potential of Antibacterial Compounds from Sweet Root Extract (Glycyrrhiza glabra L) on Bacillus cereus
Authors: Sogandi Gandi , Darma Wan Syurya Tri , Jannah Raudatul
Published: July 2019

The high number of poisoning food and diarrheal diseases caused by Bacillus cereus bacteria has been treated with chemical drugs and traditionally herbal plants. One of the commonly used herbal plants is sweet root (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.). This study aims to extract and fractionate sweet root plants, determine the antibacterial activity and identify the types of bioactive compounds as antibacterial compounds. The extraction process uses a maceration technique and fractionation using buthanol, ethyl acetate, and hexan solvents. Antibacterial activity was carry out by the diffusion method and identification of bioactive compounds by GCMS analysis. This study showed that greatest antibacterial activity was found in ethyl acetate fraction with a strong category and MIC value of 12,5%. This study for the first time also revealed that the types of bioactive compounds from sweet root plants (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) as antibacterial compounds are n-Hexadecanoic as a fatty acid group and 4H-Pyran 4-one 2.3 dihydro-3, 5-dihydroxy-6 methyl from the flavonoid group.
Effect of Temperature, Pressure, and Reaction Time on Hydrogenation of Hexadecanoic Acid to 1-Hexadecanol Using a Ru-Sn(3.0)/C Catalyst
Authors: Ain Nor , Rodiansono Rodiansono , Mustikasari Kamilia
Published: July 2019

Effect of temperature, initial H2 pressure, and reaction time on the selective hydrogenation of hexadecanoate acid to 1-hexadecanol over bimetallic ruthenium-tin supported on carbon (denoted as Ru-Sn(3.0)/C; 3.0 is molar ratio Ru/Sn) has been systematically investigated. Ru-Sn(3.0)/C catalyst was synthesized using a simple hydrothermal method at temperature of 150oC for 24 h followed by reduction with hydrogen at at 400oC and 500°C for 1.5 h. The XRD patterns of reduced Ru-Sn(3.0)/C showed a series diffraction peaks of bimetallic alloy Ru3Sn7 at 2θ = 30.0°; 35.0°; and 41.3° which are recognized as (310), (321), and (411) reflection planes present. The N2-adsorpsion/desorption profiles confirmed that the catalyst structure was microporous and mesoporous sizes with specific surface area (SBET) of 207 m2/g, pore volume (VpBJH) 0.1015 cm3/g, and pore diameter (dpBJH) 1,21 nm. NH3-TPD profile shows that the desorption temperature of 157.1°C was a weak acidity (Bronsted acid site) with amount of acid sites was 0.117 mmol/g. Meanwhile, the desorption temperature of 660.3°C was a strong acidity (Lewis acid site) with amount of acid sites was 0.826 mmol/g. The highest conversion of hexadecanoic acid (86.24%) was achieved at reaction temperature180°C, initial H2 pressure of 5.0 MPa, a reaction time of 6 h in ethanol solvent and afforded yield of hexadecane (0.15%), 1-hexadecanol (4.27%), and ethyl hexadecanoate (81.82%). At reaction temperature of 150°C, H2 of 3.0 MPa, and a reaction time of 18 h, 73.27% of hexadecanoic acid was converted to 1-hexadecanol (0.24%) and ethyl hexadecanoate (73,03%).
The Effect of Ratio LiBOB:TiO2 of Electrolyte Polymer Sheets as separators on the Electrochemical Performance of LTO-Based Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Saputry Agriccia Pangestica , Lestariningsih Titik , Astuti Yayuk
Published: July 2019

LTO anode-based Ion-Lithium batteries with artificial polymer electrolyte sheets consisting of PVdF-HFP, TiO2, and LiBOB as well as commercial sheets and with electrolyte solutions LiTFSI and LiPF6 have been made by assembling method. The changing variables in this study were the ratio between TiO2 and LiBOB for separator sheets and types of electrolytes used, namely, LiTFSI and LiPF6. Some characterizations were undertaken to determine battery performance including battery voltage determination, Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) testing to measure battery cell performance, and Electrochemical Impedance Spectrometry (EIS) analysis to measure battery conductivity values. The results showed that the presence of LiBOB and TiO2 at the separator in the battery can improve the performance of LTO-based lithium batteries. Artificial separator sheets with a composition ratio of TiO2: LiBOB of 5:25 with electrolyte solution LiPF6 which produces work stress, potential difference, and ionic conductivity of 3.06 V; 0.3 V; and 1.486x10-6 Scm-1 is the best possible to be applied to lithium-ion batteries.
Validation of Mometasone furoate and CIP100 Residue Analysis Methods After Cleaning of Production Equipment in the “XYZ” Pharmaceutical Industry
Authors: Arintowibowo Amaandika Galih , Sumiyani Ririn , Hendrajaya Kusuma
Published: July 2019

In this study, the HPLC and Total Organic Carbon (TOC) analysis methods have been developed and validated for the determination of the amount of Mometasone furoate and CIP100 residues on the surface of production equipment and to confirm the efficiency of the cleaning procedure. Mometasone furoate and CIP100 have been chosen based on the worst case assessment approach. The limit of mometasone furoate contamination that has been determined is 100 ug/swab and the specified limit of CIP100 contamination is 100 ug/swab which should not be exceeded during sequential cleaning of the equipment. Mometasone furoate shows good linearity in the range 0.1-1.0 ppm for the HPLC method and CIP100 2.0-10.0 ppm for TOC Analysis. The percentage of recovery from stainless steel plates using swab sampling techniques was found in the limits of 95.12% and 99.93% respectively in the HPLC and TOC methods. Both methods are simple, inexpensive, short analysis time and high sensitivity for quantitative determination of Mometasone furoate and CIP100 on the surface of manufacturing equipment well below the contamination limit. The validated method meets the requirements for demonstration of the validation of residual cleaning of mometasone furoate and CIP100 on the surface of production equipment
Sunflower response to inoculation with single and mixed species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: Agronomic characteristics
Authors: IBRAHIM Mazen
Published: July 2019

The impact of indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on agronomic characteristics of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) was evaluated in a pot experiment. The indigenous AMF, including Glomus intraradices, Glomus mosseae, and Glomus viscosum, were isolated from an agricultural field in which cotton and sunflower plants were grown. The most abundant species (G. viscosum) was multiplied in a monospecific culture. Sunflower plants were inoculated with the mixture of three selected AMF species or solely with G. viscosum. The number of leaves, shoot length, head diameter, above ground biomass, and seeds mass were significantly higher in the plant inoculated with AMF mixture followed by individual inoculation with G. viscosum followed by the control. AMF mixture outperformed the G. viscosumby increasing mycorrhizal dependency and mycorrhizal inoculation effect of sunflower. The results indicate that AMF mixture could be considered as a good inoculum for improving growth and yield of sunflower in sustainable agriculture.
La noción del marco referencial a través de los paratextos en El diario inédito del filósofo vienés Ludwig Wittgenstein, de Fredy Yezzed
Authors: Parra Aguilar Manuel Ernesto
Published: July 2019

En este trabajo se expone cómo algunos elementos paratextuales que rodean a un texto pueden influir en la interpretación del mismo. Se verá El diario inédito del filósofo vienés Ludwig Wittgenstein (2016), de Fredy Yezzed (Bogotá, 1979), donde se analizarán el título, los epígrafes y la cuarta de forros, cómo es que estos intervienen en el lector previo a su encuentro con la obra, la cual se encuentra en diálogo constante con otras obras de Wittgenstein y otros autores, participando así en una atmósfera transtextual.
Narración, resistencia y sentido en Hannah Arendt y Gilles Deleuze
Authors: Pérez Bernal Ángeles Ma. del Rosario , Gutiérrez Espinoza Adso Eduardo
Published: July 2019

En este estudio se realiza una comparación de las posiciones de Hannah Arendt y Gilles Deleuze con respecto a la importancia de la narratividad como medio para resistir y dar sentido a la vida humana. Tanto Hannah Arendt como Gilles Deleuze sostendrían que el ejercicio de la escritura es un medio para resistir al totalitarismo y a la banalidad del mal, en términos de la filósofa judeoalemana; o una manera de hacer clínica de una sociedad enferma que busca asfixiar cualquier clase de vitalismo individual, en palabras de Gilles Deleuze.
El arte como el Gran Rechazo: la (des)humanización de la estética
Authors: Correa Cabrera José Alfonso
Published: July 2019

Filósofos como Marcuse han subrayado las propiedades liberadoras del quehacer artístico. Pero si hemos de pensar el arte como el Gran Rechazo, es necesario mostrar qué rechaza el arte y con qué busca sustituirlo. Respecto a estas preguntas, existen dos respuestas antagónicas. Mientras una busca en la experiencia artística rechazar lo dado en nombre de una verdad intemporal, la otra también reniega de lo dado, pero admite el carácter provisorio de toda verdad. Aunque en apariencia sutil, esta distinción es sustancial.  A partir de una lectura de Platón, muestro por qué en la primera posición no hay cabida para lo humano, y por qué de ella se desprenden implicaciones totalitarias. Para caracterizar a la segunda posición, me sirvo de la concepción estética de Octavio Paz y de la propuesta escultórica de Alexander Calder. Ambas propuestas permiten conciliar la insatisfacción que palpita en el arte con la alteridad que caracteriza a lo humano.
Para una fenomenología de las muñecas hiperrealistas
Authors: Conte Pietro
Published: July 2019

Los artefactos hiperrealistas están extendiéndose de forma creciente y acelerada. “Muñecos reales [Real Dolls]” se usan como compañeros sexuales o de vida; “muñecos renacidos [Reborn Dolls]” reproducen de manera inquietante las características físicas de los niños reales; a corto plazo, es probable que los androides desempeñen un rol crucial prácticamente en todos los ámbitos de la sociedad; el rápido paso del desarrollo tecnológico sugiere ya que habrá un crecimiento exponencial en la aplicación de inteligencia artificial a las réplicas humanas. Al adoptar una perspectiva fenomenológica, este ensayo busca presentar una explicación teórica del hiperrealismo y de su traspasamiento de la línea entre “percepción” y “consciencia de imagen”, entre “engaño” e “ilusión estética”, y entre arte y no arte.
Mirar no es como ver: ensayos críticos sobre la obra de Efrén Hernández
Authors: Espino Mandujano Sofía
Published: July 2019

Reseña de Mirar no es como ver: ensayos críticos sobre la obra de Efrén Hernández
El discreto encanto de la subversión, una crítica cultural de la gauche divine
Authors: Pérez Sánchez Luis Felipe
Published: July 2019

Reseña de: El discreto encanto de la subversión, una crítica cultural de la gauche divine
Los Ejercicios para las bestezuelas de Dios de Peñalosa y la doctrina de San Ignacio de Loyola
Authors: Ramón Fernando Arredondo
Published: July 2019

Desde un punto de vista semántico-literario abordaremos el modo en que Joaquín Antonio Peñalosa se ha basado en los Ejercicios espirituales de San Ignacio de Loyola para la elaboración de su obra poética Ejercicios para las bestezuelas de Dios, un libro cuyos protagonistas son animales, donde adapta a su lenguaje poético, especialmente al franciscanismo poético, el itinerario ignaciano a seguir para alcanzar la unión con Dios. Nuestro propósito es comparar ambos textos para hacer objetiva una relación que evoca el título de la obra peñalosiana, pero que aún no se había realizado de modo explícito. De tal trabajo concluiremos que Peñalosa sigue la misma estructura argumental que los Ejercicios de san Ignacio para lograr los mismos fines ascéticos, evidenciando así que el libro del mexicano es poesía ascética de estilo franciscano, con raíces en San Ignacio.
Alfonso Reyes y la recepción inicial de las vanguardias en Hispanoamérica
Authors: Pineda Buitrago Sebastian
Published: July 2019

Este artículo se propone examinar la historia de la recepción inicial de las vanguardias históricas en la literatura hispanoamericana a través de la obra de Alfonso Reyes. Sin ignorar el estallido de la Revolución Mexicana y de la Primera Guerra Mundial, el futurismo y el cubismo responden a la praxis cotidiana relacionada con el belicismo. Ambos pueden encontrarse en otros textos de Reyes escritos entre 1914 y 1924 en Madrid, donde él se había autoexiliado. Este ensayo termina comparando el vanguardismo inicial de Reyes con el de Borges y Huidobro.
Ciencias humanas y objetivación: reflexiones en torno a la crítica política del saber elaborada por Michael Foucault
Authors: Dalmau Iván Gabriel
Published: July 2019

El propósito de este trabajo es llevar a cabo una lectura minuciosa de la relación entre la problematización foucaulteana del saber y  su  propuesta de elaborar una crítica política de las ciencias humanas. Por lo tanto, pondremos el foco de nuestra lectura en diferentes libros, lecciones y artículos que el filósofo francés le dedicara a dicha cuestión.
Paradigmas de Filosofía Primera
Authors: Vargas Mendoza Mauricio Iván
Published: July 2019

Reseña del libro de Karl-Otto Apel: Paradigmas de Filosofía Primera, Andrés Crelier y Miguel Mailluquet (Trad.), Buenos Aires, Prometeo, 2013
The Effect of Hip Extension and Nordic Hamstring Exercise Protocols on Hamstring Strength: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Whyte Enda F. , Heneghan Brian , Feely Kevin , Moran Kieran A. , O'Connor Siobhán
Published: July 2019

Whyte, EF, Heneghan, B, Feely, K, Moran, KA, and O'Connor, S. The effect of hip extension and Nordic hamstring exercise protocols on hamstring strength: A randomized controlled trial. J Strength Cond Res 35(10): 2682–2689, 2021—Lower and between-limb asymmetrical eccentric hamstring isokinetic strength may be associated with hamstring injuries, which mainly affect the biceps femoris. The 45° hip extension exercise (HEE) strengthens the hamstrings in the lengthened position where the biceps femoris experiences greatest loading during high-speed running. However, the effect of an HEE program on eccentric hamstring isokinetic strength has not been investigated or compared with the Nordic Hamstring Exercise (NHE) program. Twenty-four male, varsity, Gaelic footballers (22.4 ± 2.7 years; 182.1 ± 6.0 cm; 84.4 ± 7.9 kg) were randomly allocated to an HEE or NHE 4-week program. Isokinetic (60°·s−1) eccentric peak torque, functional hamstring-to-quadriceps ratio, and between-limb eccentric strength (absolute and percentage) asymmetries were recorded before and after intervention. Muscle soreness scores were reported after exercise using a visual analogue scale. A mixed between-within analysis of variance investigated group (HEE vs. NHE) by time (pre vs. post) interaction effects, and any main effects. An independent-samples t-test compared muscle soreness scores between the NHE and HEE groups. No interaction or group main effects were found. Main effects for time were observed on dominant and nondominant limbs for eccentric peak torque (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.21, p = 0.01, η2 = 0.51, respectively) and functional hamstring quadriceps ratio (p = 0.03, η2 = 0.59, p < 0.0001, η2 = 0.26, respectively). There were no main effects for time between-limb eccentric peak torque or percentage asymmetries (p = 0.41, η2 = 0.03, p = 0.20, η2 = 0.07, respectively), or differences in muscle soreness scores (p > 0.05). A 4-week HEE program increases eccentric hamstring isokinetic strength similar to a NHE program, which may be useful as part of a hamstring injury prevention program.
Acute Demands and Recovery From Common Interval Training Protocols
Authors: Elmer David J. , Barron Elise N. , Chavez Juan L.
Published: July 2019

Elmer, DJ, Barron, EN, and Chavez, JL. Acute demands and recovery from common interval training protocols. J Strength Cond Res 35(11): 3041–3049, 2021—The definition of interval training is quite broad, with no accepted procedure for classifying protocols with different workloads and work and recovery interval times. In addition, little is known about the differences in training load and recovery from common interval protocols. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the differences in acute physiological demands and perceived difficulty between 3 common interval training protocols and a moderate, continuous exercise session. Eight subjects completed the training sessions on a cycle ergometer in a randomized order, with at least 1 week between sessions: 30-second/4-minute, 1-minute/1-minute, 4-minute/3-minute, and a 45-minute continuous session. Metabolic variables were measured throughout exercise and 30 minutes of recovery. Training impulse (TRIMP), session-RPE, and RPE-training load were also measured. There were significant differences between protocols, including between interval training protocols, for average V̇o
2 (p < 0.001) and heart rate (HR) (p = 0.02), total O2 consumption (p < 0.001), peak lactate (p < 0.001), TRIMP (p = 0.02), session-RPE (p = 0.01), and RPE-training load (p < 0.001). There were no significant differences between interval training protocols for peak V̇o
2 or peak HR attained during exercise. There were also no differences in V̇o
2 or HR after 5 or 30 minutes of recovery. Blood lactate was only significantly higher after 30 minutes of recovery from the 30-second/4-minute compared with the 4-minute/3-minute protocol (p = 0.001) and the 45-minute session (p < 0.001). These findings show a range of differences in acute physiological demands and perceptions from interval training protocols, which should be accounted for when planning training sessions or research studies or when interpreting past research.
Hybrid Laser-GMA Welding of High-Strength Steel Grades
Authors: Kurc-Lisiecka Agnieszka , Lisiecki Aleksander
Published: July 2019

The results of investigations on hybrid laser + gas metal arc (GMA) welding of butt joints of different fine-grained and thermomechanically rolled steel plates 5.0 mm thick are presented in the article. The hybrid welding tests were carried out on steel grade Domex 700MC, Domex 960, and Domex 1100. The experimental stand for hybrid welding consisted of the laser welding head and also the arc GMA torch. Butt joints of Domex 700MC plates were hybrid welded applying a metal cored wire Stein Megafil 742B (Charpy V: 80 J at −20°C). In turn, the butt joints of Domex 960, and Domex 1100 steel plates were hybrid welded applying a metal cored wire Stein Megafil 1100M (Charpy V: 55 J at −20°C). The quality of the test joints was analyzed by means of visual inspection and cross-section observation. In turn, the mechanical properties were evaluated by means of a static tensile test of the welded joints and also impact toughness of the weld metal. The results showed that the hybrid welding can provide a proper shape of weld even at altering gap between the butt surfaces of the groove and also at distinct shift of the electric arc to the laser beam spot. Results of tensile tests showed that the hybrid welded joints of Domex 960 and 1100 have the strength at similar levels of approximately 1,140 MPa, which is significantly higher compared to the joints of Domex 700MC at approximately 820 MPa. In turn, the weld metal of the Domex 700MC steel exhibited the highest impact toughness at a mean value of 139 J/cm2, whereas the test joints of Domex 960 showed lower impact toughness at approximately 122 J/cm2. Surprisingly, the lowest impact toughness was determined for the joints of Domex 1100, despite the same wire being applied for the Domex 960.
A alta dos usuários no centro de atenção psicossocial
Authors: Kantorski Luciane Prado , Guedes Ariane Da Cruz , Machado Roberta Antunes , Couto Maria Laura de Oliveira , Dos Santos Vinícius Boldt , Pinheiro Guilherme Emanuel Weiss
Published: July 2019

Objetivo: caracterizar a alta dos usuários no Centro de Atenção Psicossocial. Método: estudo documental com abordagem quantitativa com dados do livro de registro de alta dos usuários, de 2006 a 2016. Foram analisadas as variáveis sexo, motivo de alta e diagnóstico. Resultados: a amostra constituiu 1.772 altas, distribuídas sem grande disparidade entre o sexo feminino (50,9%) e masculino (46,1%). A alta clínica é o motivo prevalente (55,6%) nos 11 anos estudados e entre os três principais diagnósticos: transtorno afetivo bipolar (62,1%), episódios de depressão (59,2%) e esquizofrenia (58,3%). A esquizofrenia foi o diagnóstico prevalente entre os usuários (24,2%), seguida pelo transtorno afetivo bipolar (14,4%) e episódios depressivos (13,6%). Conclusão: o Centro de Atenção Psicossocial apresentou um percentual elevado de altas clínicas, garantindo o retorno dos usuários à vida cotidiana, especialmente entre os sujeitos com transtornos mentais graves e persistentes.
ENCEFALITE DO CÃO PUG NO SUL DO BRASIL
Authors: Zamboni Rosimeri , Scheid Haide Valeska , Alberti Taina Dos Santos , Marcolongo-Pereira Clairton , Schild Ana Lucia , Raffi Margarida Buss , Sallis Eliza Simone Viégas
Published: July 2019

Descreve-se a ocorrência de meningoencefalite necrosante em dois cães da raça Pug no Rio Grande do Sul. Os principais sinais clínicos incluíam convulsões, andar em círculos e ataxia. Os cães foram eutanasiados devido ao prognóstico desfavorável. Na necropsia, os hemisférios cerebrais apresentavam achatamento das circunvoluções cerebrais, áreas multifocais de necrose e pseudocistos no lobo piriforme. Microscopicamente, havia meningoencefalite não supurativa com necrose no córtex frontal, parietal, temporal e lobo piriforme. Havia, também, satelitose e neuroniofagia. Nas substâncias branca e cinzenta do cérebro havia áreas com cavitações. As lesões observadas no sistema nervoso central foram similares àquelas encontradas nas encefalites dos cães Malteses e em outros casos de encefalite do cão Pug (ECP). A reação astrocitária à proteína fibrilar glial ácida (GFAP) pode indicar um envolvimento imunomediado na patogênese dessa doença.
PENECTOMIA E CELIOTOMIA EXPLORATÓRIA EM Chelonoidis carbonarius (SPIX, 1824) – RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Da Silva Thassiane Targino , Surita Lívia Eichenberg , Santos Eduardo Almeida Ruivo dos , Schmitt Bernardo , Costa Priscina Medina da , Amorim Derek Blaese de , Wartchow Bárbara Schiller , Alievi Marcelo Meller
Published: July 2019

Pertencentes a Ordem Testudines e Família Testudinidae, os jabutis são répteis de hábitos terrestres, que estão distribuídos por diversos países tropicais, habitando também o Brasil. O jabuti-piranga (Chelonoidis carbonarius) se destaca como espécie frequentemente encontrada em cativeiro, seja por necessidade de manutenção de indivíduos que não podem voltar à vida livre ou por proprietários particulares que os mantém como pet. A manutenção destes animais em cativeiro requer conhecimento de seus hábitos e necessidades particulares, o que não ocorre na maioria dos casos. Devido à falta de conhecimento ou ausência de estrutura necessária, muitos animais acabam por desenvolver distúrbios relacionados à alimentação, estímulos ambientais, temperatura, substrato ou ambiente inadequados em que são mantidos. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo relatar o caso de uma penectomia e celiotomia exploratória em um jabuti (Chelonoidis carbonarius) cativo, que apresentava apatia, anorexia e sinais clínicos compatíveis com prolapso peniano.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Rodrigues Paulo Ricardo Centeno
Published: July 2019

Editorial
Context-Dependent and Context-Independent Effects of D1 Receptor Antagonism in the Basolateral and Central Amygdala during Cocaine Self-Administration
Authors: Kim Earnest S. , Lattal K. Matthew
Published: July 2019

One way that drugs of abuse perturb the dopamine system is by triggering large amounts of extracellular dopamine to efflux into limbic regions. The basolateral (BLA) and central (CeA) nuclei of the amygdala have been shown to play distinct roles in value representation of primary and conditioned reward. However, the precise role of dopaminergic receptors in the BLA and the CeA during reward-related behaviors remains to be determined. Here we investigate the effects of dopamine D1 receptor blockade in the BLA and the CeA during asymptotic performance of cocaine self-administration and in a novel application of contextual renewal under continued access conditions. After more than three weeks of chained seek-take self-administration of cocaine, male Long Evans rats were given a bilateral intra-BLA or intra-CeA infusion of the D1 antagonist SCH-23390 (2 µg/0.3 µl) for multiple days. Intra-BLA D1 receptor blockade before, but not after the self-administration session, gradually suppressed drug seeking and taking responses and persisted with a change in context with continued D1 blockade. In contrast, intra-CeA D1 receptor blockade caused a rapid reduction in self-administration that showed renewal with a change in context with continued D1 blockade. Further, conditioned place aversion developed with intra-BLA but not intra-CeA infusions. Collectively, these results demonstrate that dopamine D1 receptors in the BLA and CeA both contribute to drug seeking and taking, but may do so through distinct mechanisms.
HsTRPA of the Red Imported Fire Ant,Solenopsis invicta, Functions as a Nocisensor and Uncovers the Evolutionary Plasticity of HsTRPA Channels
Authors: Wang Xinyue , Li Tianbang , Kashio Makiko , Xu Yijuan , Tominaga Makoto , Kadowaki Tatsuhiko
Published: July 2019

Solenopsis invicta, the red imported fire ant, represents one of the most devastating invasive species. To understand their sensory physiology, we identified and characterized their Hymenoptera-specific (Hs) TRPA channel, SiHsTRPA. Consistent with the sensory functions of SiHsTRPA, it is activated by heat, an electrophile, and an insect repellent. Nevertheless, SiHsTRPA does not respond to most of the honey bee ortholog (AmHsTRPA)-activating compounds. The jewel wasp ortholog (NvHsTRPA) is activated by these compounds even though it outgroups both AmHsTRPA and SiHsTRPA. Characterization of AmHsTRPA/SiHsTRPA chimeric channels revealed that the amino acids in the N terminus, as well as ankyrin repeat 2 (AR2) of AmHsTRPA, are essential for the response to camphor. Furthermore, amino acids in ARs 3 and 5–7 were specifically required for the response to diallyl disulfide. Thus, amino acid substitutions in the corresponding domains of SiHsTRPA during evolution would be responsible for the loss of chemical sensitivity. SiHsTRPA-activating compounds repel red imported fire ants, suggesting that SiHsTRPA functions as a sensor for noxious compounds. SiHsTRPA represents an example of the species-specific modulation of orthologous TRPA channel properties by amino acid substitutions in multiple domains, and SiHsTRPA-activating compounds could be used to develop a method for controlling red imported fire ants.
Unraveling Synaptic GCaMP Signals: Differential Excitability and Clearance Mechanisms Underlying Distinct Ca2+Dynamics in Tonic and Phasic Excitatory, and Aminergic Modulatory Motor Terminals inDrosophila
Authors: Xing Xiaomin , Wu Chun-Fang
Published: July 2019

GCaMP is an optogenetic Ca2+sensor widely used for monitoring neuronal activities but the precise physiological implications of GCaMP signals remain to be further delineated among functionally distinct synapses. TheDrosophilaneuromuscular junction (NMJ), a powerful genetic system for studying synaptic function and plasticity, consists of tonic and phasic glutamatergic and modulatory aminergic motor terminals of distinct properties. We report a first simultaneous imaging and electric recording study to directly contrast the frequency characteristics of GCaMP signals of the three synapses for physiological implications. Different GCaMP variants were applied in genetic and pharmacological perturbation experiments to examine the Ca2+influx and clearance processes underlying the GCaMP signal. Distinct mutational and drug effects on GCaMP signals indicate differential roles of Na+and K+channels, encoded by genes includingparalytic(para),Shaker(Sh),Shab, andether-a-go-go(eag), in excitability control of different motor terminals. Moreover, the Ca2+handling properties reflected by the characteristic frequency dependence of the synaptic GCaMP signals were determined to a large extent by differential capacity of mitochondria-powered Ca2+clearance mechanisms. Simultaneous focal recordings of synaptic activities further revealed that GCaMPs were ineffective in tracking the rapid dynamics of Ca2+influx that triggers transmitter release, especially during low-frequency activities, but more adequately reflected cytosolic residual Ca2+accumulation, a major factor governing activity-dependent synaptic plasticity. These results highlight the vast range of GCaMP response patterns in functionally distinct synaptic types and provide relevant information for establishing basic guidelines for the physiological interpretations of presynaptic GCaMP signals from in situ imaging studies.
Encoding of the Intent to Drink Alcohol by the Prefrontal Cortex Is Blunted in Rats with a Family History of Excessive Drinking
Authors: Linsenbardt David N. , Timme Nicholas M. , Lapish Christopher C.
Published: July 2019

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays a central role in guiding decision making, and its function is altered by alcohol use and an individual’s innate risk for excessive alcohol drinking. The primary goal of this work was to determine how neural activity in the PFC guides the decision to drink. Towards this goal, the within-session changes in neural activity were measured from medial PFC (mPFC) of rats performing a drinking procedure that allowed them to consume or abstain from alcohol in a self-paced manner. Recordings were obtained from rats that either lacked or expressed an innate risk for excessive alcohol intake, Wistar or alcohol-preferring (P) rats, respectively. Wistar rats exhibited patterns of neural activity consistent with the intention to drink or abstain from drinking, whereas these patterns were blunted or absent in P rats. Collectively, these data indicate that neural activity patterns in mPFC associated with the intention to drink alcohol are influenced by innate risk for excessive alcohol drinking. This observation may indicate a lack of control over the decision to drink by this otherwise well-validated supervisory brain region.
Energy transition and path dependence: the case of Costa Rica
Authors: García Sánchez Daniela , Avendaño  Leadem Daniel
Published: July 2019

Costa Rica’s world known renewable energy model relies heavily on large scale hydropower, a source surrounded by strong environmental and social questionings. This condition of dependence has its own reinforcing processes that hinder advancements of alternative renewable technologies. In today’s carbon-constrained world, new approaches – and new geographies – are required to ensure the availability and accessibility of sustainable energy services. Using path dependence theory developed within evolutionary economic geography and neoinstitutionalist school of thought, the present research offers an explanation of the specific path driven by the impact of historical events that favor hydropower in Costa Rica’s energy transition.
Portuguese Origins of a 16th Century Aqueduct in México
Authors: Doolittle William E.
Published: July 2019

Many aqueducts built during the Spanish colonial era remain standing in México, albeit not functioning. A few date to the 16th century. Some of these early aqueducts are quite spectacular and highly visible. Others are small and are located in places not easily found.  Despite their size, small aqueducts are important for understanding knowledge pertaining to  technology transfers from the Old World to the New. One such aqueduct is on the property of the Hacienda de Pacho, near Xalapa in the state of Veracruz. One of its highly unusual characteristics is that its construction involved Gothic arches. No other colonial aqueduct in México has such features. According to documentary courses dating to AD 1591, it was built by the hacienda’s original owner who was from the Portuguese island of Madeira. This paper reports on field activities involved in verifying the Maderian origins of this unique aqueduct.
La espacialidad urbana en la construcción socio espacial de los lugares: una mirada desde el giro espacial
Authors: Araya Ramírez Iliana
Published: July 2019

El objetivo de este ensayo consiste en relacionar los aportes del giro espacial y la espacialidad urbana en la construcción socio espacial de los lugares. La conceptualización tradicional de espacio alude a la concepción positivista del espacio abstracto, la cual se transforma en el contexto de la globalización que viene acompañada de una transición epistemológica. Es aquí donde el “giro espacial” plantea una nueva interpretación de la espacialidad urbana desde una perspectiva interdisciplinaria que integra las dimensiones materiales e inmateriales del espacio y las formas en que estos devienen en lugares. La construcción del lugar está elaborada a partir de las prácticas socio-espaciales y la subjetividad espacial; las primeras remiten a las formas de habitar la ciudad de acuerdo a las actividades cotidianas y la segunda está entendida en términos sociales y los sentimientos hacia el entorno en diálogo entre el lugar y los actores sociales.
Optimizing social-ecological analysis of coupled human-river systems through the integration of conceptual frameworks: the case of the Savegre watershed, Costa Rica
Authors: Espinoza-Cisneros Edgar
Published: July 2019

Social-ecological systems, given their immanent complexity and unpredictability, pose intricate management challenges. Conceptual/analytical frameworks that more holistically integrate coupled social and natural systems and their basic interdependencies and interactions can significantly improve management and research efforts at multiple levels, specifically by accounting for the complex, multi-scalar processes involved, including the dynamics of distal and more proximate causal factors, as well as how they manifest and evolve in space and time. This paper presents a synthesis from a social-ecological analysis of the Savegre river watershed in Costa Rica, a recently designated UNESCO Biosphere Reserve. Through this exercise, the watershed is conceptualized as a coupled social-ecological system, with complex interconnections among social, ecological and physical components, for developing research agendas or specific normative efforts. Syntheses like the one presented here are particularly useful for more in-depth explorations of social-ecological issues, especially collective action problems derived from human-environment interactions at various scales. More effective formal and informal normative solutions to pressing sustainability dilemmas can also be envisioned through similar exercises.
Nuestro derecho a las utopías
Authors: Cordero Araúz Roberto Esteban
Published: July 2019

En el presente artículo tuvo como objetivo el estudio, análisis y exposición del Concepto de utopía en el pensamiento de Horacio Cerutti Guldberg, el cual resultó de la elaboración y desarrollo de una tesis en Licenciatura de Filosofía. Entre los principales resultados se encuentra que el pensamiento latinoamericano es un tejido que está en construcción, sus alcances y limitaciones se definen, expanden y complejizan a pesar del tiempo, fruto de la memoria comprometida sobre la región. Sin embargo, las raíces de este siguen siendo inspiración y puntos de partida para los análisis actuales de los contextos regionales. Por ende, se presenta la reflexión de que, para pensar “nuestro derecho a las utopías” implica asumir conciencias críticas y renovadoras de las problemáticas que se han gestado hasta el siglo XXI. El atreverse a pensar, como latinoamericanos, desde nuestra realidad y buscando respuestas propias no universalistas, implican el compromiso pensadores en todas las áreas del conocimiento para lograr superar mentalidades alienadas a los sistemas hegemónicos colonialistas. Es por ello que repensar, apropiarnos, de este derecho es parte fundamental del asumir y superar los retos que se nos presentan en la actualidad.
Formulación Proyectos La formulación de proyectos desde la perspectiva de los derechos humanos en el caso de la niñez y la Adolescencia en Costa Rica
Authors: Salas Ocampo Luis Diego , Alfaro Salas Marly Yisette
Published: July 2019

El presente artículo determina las potencialidades del enfoque de derechos de niñez y adolescencia desde una perspectiva de derechos humanos para la formulación de proyectos de cooperación internacional. En el ámbito jurídico, gracias al Sistema Nacional de Protección de la Niñez y la adolescencia en Costa Rica, se cuenta con mecanismos para facilitar la participación de este sector en la generación de este tipo de propuestas. Se plantea la necesidad de trabajar en las aulas universitarias los procesos de formulación de proyectos, donde se incorporen técnicas, estrategias y metodologías que permitan una mayor cercanía del especialista con la población en estudio, a fin de garantizar el éxito y el compromiso de las iniciativas proyectadas. En Costa Rica, hay un fuerte compromiso con esta área social, pese al desarrollo de todo un Sistema Nacional de Protección a la Niñez y la adolescencia, que deja pendientes muchas expectativas en sus verdaderos alcances y ejecución. Existen aún muchas deudas históricas con el sector, particularmente con grupos como primera infancia y la adolescencia.
Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Neonatal Intensive Care: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sigurdson Krista , Mitchell Briana , Liu Jessica , Morton Christine , Gould Jeffrey B. , Lee Henry C. , Capdarest-Arest Nicole , Profit Jochen
Published: July 2019

CONTEXT:

Racial and ethnic disparities in health outcomes of newborns requiring care in the NICU setting have been reported. The contribution of NICU care to disparities in outcomes is unclear.

OBJECTIVE:

To conduct a systematic review of the literature documenting racial/ethnic disparities in quality of care for infants in the NICU setting.

DATA SOURCES:

Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health, and Web of Science were searched until March 6, 2018, by using search queries organized around the following key concepts: “neonatal intensive care units,” “racial or ethnic disparities,” and “quality of care.”

STUDY SELECTION:

English language articles up to March 6, 2018, that were focused on racial and/or ethnic differences in the quality of NICU care were selected.

DATA EXTRACTION:

Two authors independently assessed eligibility, extracted data, and cross-checked results, with disagreements resolved by consensus. Information extracted focused on racial and/or ethnic disparities in quality of care and potential mechanism(s) for disparities.

RESULTS:

Initial search yielded 566 records, 470 of which were unique citations. Title and abstract review resulted in 382 records. Appraisal of the full text of the remaining 88 records, along with the addition of 5 citations from expert consult or review of bibliographies, resulted in 41 articles being included.

LIMITATIONS:

Quantitative meta-analysis was not possible because of study heterogeneity.

CONCLUSIONS:

Overall, this systematic review revealed complex racial and/or ethnic disparities in structure, process, and outcome measures, most often disadvantaging infants of color, especially African American infants. There are some exceptions to this pattern and each area merits its own analysis and discussion.
POSSIBILIDADES DA ANTROPOLOGIA FILOSÓFICA A PARTIR DA ANALÍTICA EXISTENCIAL
Authors: Stein Ernildo
Published: July 2019

No primeiro esforço de aproximaçãoentre analítica existencial e antropologia filosófica,este ensaio procura estabelecer, em lugarde destaque, a idéia de compreensão do sercomo elemento determinante do modo de serno-mundo do ser humano. Dessa primeira idéiadecorrem então os dois teoremas de finitude: ocirculo hermenêutico e a diferença ontológica.Temos, nestes dois pilares da filosofia hermenêutica,um novo modo de fundação e um novomodo de dar-se de todo ente. A diferençaontológica constitui o como (wie) tudo é acessível,vem ao encontro, mas ela mesma éinacessível ao pensamento objetificador. Todonosso modo de pensar e conhecer o ente passapor aquilo que é sua condição de possibilidade.Mas todo, a dar-se nesse como (wie) é articuladono enquanto (als), no algo enquanto algoda estrutura da compreensão que é o modo deser do Dasein, a dimensão hermenêutica docirculo do hermenêutico. A articulação dessesdois teoremas da finitude, que são os elementosdeterminantes presentes em todo conhecimentohumano, constitui o modo de ser e omodo primeiro de conhecer do ser do Dasein. Aantropologia filosófica, a partir da analíticaexistencial, encontra nos dois teoremas dafinitude seu estatuto filosófico.
APRESENTAÇÃO
Authors: De Souza Ricardo Timm
Published: July 2019

Apresentação do número.
RAWLS: LIMITES DA CONSTITUIÇÃO INTERNACIONAL DA JUSTIÇA
Authors: Felipe Sônia T.
Published: July 2019

Este artigo revisa as criticas apontadaspor Pablo da Silveira à teoria da justiça de JohnRawls. proposta para ordenar uma sociedade dospovos. Os problemas da estabilidade, do consensojustaposto e da razão pública. tratados por Rawlsde forma insatisfatória em sua obra mais recente,The LaW of Peoples. são aqui revisitados. nointuito de verificar a pertinência daquelas críticase as implicações para a teoria da justiça de Rawls,da substituição dos conceitos de cidadão pelo depovo e consenso justaposto por consensoconstitucional, razão política por razão pública.Considero, criticamente, que tais substituiçõestêm implicações tanto no âmbito domésticoquanto internacional, podendo fomentar a apatiado cidadão no que diz respeito à participaçãodireta nos assuntos políticos
A NOSSA REALIDADE SOCIAL E A UTOPIA DA SOBREVIVÊNCIA MORAL DA HUMANIDADE
Authors: Schmied-Kowarzik Wolfdietrich
Published: July 2019

O autor exrnina, neste trabalho, a idéia de socialismo, tentando mostrar que a derrocada do socialismo real de modo algum é sinônimo de fim da utopia socialista.
Tiempo y memoria: los informes de la verdad y la justicia. El caso de Guatemala
Authors: Angulo Brenes Sonia
Published: July 2019

El artículo analiza la naturaleza de las comisiones de la verdad y la justicia, específicamente el caso de Guatemala. Dos preguntas guían la investigación: ¿son estos informes expresiones de la memoria?, ¿cuál es su función para la recuperación del pasado? Se toma como punto de partida tanto la comprensión del surgimiento de dichas comisiones en América Latina como sus informes, con el propósito de contextualizar sus elementos principales. Además, se profundiza en el informe Guatemala Memoria del Silencio,resultado de la Comisión para el Esclarecimiento Histórico de las Violaciones a los Derechos Humanos y los Hechos Violentosa partir del Acuerdo Oslo (1994). Se concluye que el informe guatemalteco es una expresión de la memoria, pues surge en un contexto de transición en donde este tipo de instrumentos era necesario; sin embargo, su constante búsqueda de objetividad y neutralidad no permite la posibilidad crítica de recuperación del pasado.