bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical Observation of Micropulse Laser Combined with Conbercept in the Treatment of Neovascular Age-related Macular Degeneration with Pigment Epithelial Detachment (PED)
Authors: Jiang Mingming , Ren Zhidan , Xu Jiaqi , Li Guanghong
Published: October 2024

The aim of this study is to observe the efficacy of micropulse laser combined with Conbercept in the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) complicated with PED. Thirty patients (30 eyes) diagnosed with nAMD and PED at our hospital in 2023 were randomly divided into two groups: the Conbercept treatment (IVC) group with 15 cases (15 eyes) and the Conbercept combined with 577 nm threshold micropulse laser treatment (IVC+SMLP) group with 15 cases (15 eyes). Anti-VEGF treatment was administered according to the 3+PRN regimen, and the combined treatment group received 577 nm threshold micropulse laser treatment within 2 weeks after anti-VEGF injection. Follow-up observed the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), PED height (PEDH), number of injections, and related complications at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after Conbercept intravitreal injection. The average BCVA, CMT, and PEDH in both groups improved significantly from baseline at all time points (P < 0.05). At 12 months of follow-up, PEDH in the IVC+SMLP group decreased significantly from baseline (293.57±82.59 vs 184.84±33.95) and was significantly lower than in the IVC group (P < 0.05). The number of IVC injections in the IVC group was significantly higher than in the IVC+SMLP group (8.04±0.3 vs 5.29±1.26) with a significant difference (t=4.290, P=0.016). No treatment-related adverse events were observed during the study. The 577 nm threshold micropulse laser combined with Conbercept effectively improves or stabilizes visual function and anatomical morphology in nAMD with PED, reduces the number of intravitreal injections, and alleviates the patient's economic burden to some extent.
A Study of the Role of Statins in the Treatment of Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Wang Junshu , Feng Xinyue , Tan Haoyang
Published: October 2024

Statins, as hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors, have a significant effect on lowering cholesterol, and are widely used in the clinical treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and are potent drugs for the prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease. Recent studies have shown that statins also have other effects, such as lowering blood pressure, lowering blood glucose, stabilizing atherosclerotic plaques, slowing down the proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells, anti-inflammatory and antihypertensive, etc., which are very significant. This paper addresses the physicochemical properties, pharmacological effects, adverse effects, and therapeutic applications of statins in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases (coronary heart disease).
IL-10 Stimulates Microglia and Neurons to Produce Endogenous Opioid Peptides and Reduce Neuro-Inflammatory Chronic Pain
Authors: Zhang Miao
Published: October 2024

Chronic pain, persisting beyond three months, affects millions worldwide with no effective treatments. While some anti-inflammatory cytokines like IL-4 can trigger macrophages to produce pain-relieving opioid peptides, the role of IL-10 in this process remains unexplored. This study investigates IL-10's potential to stimulate opioid peptide production in neurons and glial cells and reduce pain. Using immunofluorescent staining, enzyme immunoassays, and the Von Frey test, we examined cells treated with LPS and cytokines, and assessed pain reduction in mouse models. Our findings suggest that IL-10 can trigger neurons and microglia to produce opioid peptides, albeit less efficiently than IL-4. These results indicate a potential new target for chronic pain treatment, combining IL-4 and IL-10 therapies, offering a promising alternative to current pain management strategies.
Exploring the Etiology and Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Authors: Mei Di , Zou Chuanxin
Published: October 2024

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding refers to bleeding caused by the digestive tract above the flexor ligament, including diseases of the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, pancreas, biliary tract, and lesions after gastrojejunostomy. It is a common and critical condition in internal medicine. In recent years, with the continuous development of medical technology and the improvement of treatment methods, the diagnosis and treatment level of this disease has been greatly improved. However, this disease has the characteristics of fast onset, complex condition, and certain mortality rate. Therefore, exploring and analyzing the etiology, causes, and treatment plans of this disease is of great significance for improving the cure rate and prognosis of patients with this disease. Due to inflammation, mechanical injury, vascular disease, or adjacent organ lesions, the choice of treatment plan varies depending on the cause. Based on the above situation, this article, The etiology and diagnosis and treatment plan of upper gastrointestinal bleeding have been explored, which can provide reference for improving the treatment level of this disease
Comprehensive Treatment of Impacted Teeth with Comprehensive Oral Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Thinking
Authors: Xue Yufan , Zheng Sheng
Published: October 2024

Impacted teeth are a common disease in oral surgery, which can be caused by systemic factors and local factors, and the incidence of different genders, races and tooth positions is different. The clinical manifestation of impacted teeth is the absence of permanent teeth in normal position. Cone beam CT can accurately diagnose and locate impacted teeth. At present, surgical fenestration or direct extraction are often used to treat impacted teeth, but the treatment effect and prognosis are not ideal enough. In the process of oral clinical diagnosis and treatment, doctors began to adopt comprehensive diagnosis and treatment thinking to solve problems, and the key to improve the success rate of oral disease treatment is to make a clear diagnosis, reasonably evaluate the difficulty of treatment and adopt appropriate correction methods. This paper summarizes the research status of impacted teeth in recent years, focusing on the multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment of impacted teeth, in order to improve the clinical comprehensive diagnosis and treatment thinking of dentists and provide reference for accurate treatment of impacted teeth and reduction of complications in the treatment process.
Electromagnetic resistivity anomalies in Tunnel Valleys: Potential for hidden offshore groundwater? (ENTRAP) - Cruise No. AL611, 22.04.2024 – 06.05.2024, Kiel – North Sea – Kiel (Germany)
Authors:   Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Lohrberg Arne
Published: October 2024

The role of large subsurface landforms produced during glaciations of the Pleistocene is still poorly understood with respect to groundwater flow. In particular, so-called tunnel valleys (TVs) formed beneath ice sheets acted as drainage systems of glacial meltwater. Due to their mechanism of formation, the fill of buried TVs often consists of highly permeable sands and gravels in their lower part and fine-grained deposits at their top. Such a configuration promotes their role as preferential flow pathways for groundwater sealed from the saltwater above. To understand the role of TVs for offshore freshened groundwater (OFG) in the southeastern North Sea, the objective of this cruise was to collect marine controlled-source electromagnetic data to answer the following questions: (1) Does the distribution of electrical resistivities indicate the presence of freshened groundwater in the subsurface between Amrum and Heligoland? and (2) Can we delineate different resistivity distributions inside tunnel valleys? To answer these questions, we acquired 320 km of time-domain controlled-source electromagnetic (TD-CSEM) profiles using the surface-towed SWAN system. These data will be inverted using MARE2DEM to produce a resistivity distribution to assess the salinity distribution in the subsurface. Additionally, we acquired 888 km of sediment profiling data using the hull-mounted Innomar SES2000 parametric echosounder. On this basis, we identified multiple channels in the subsurface that will be analysed for a paleolandscape reconstruction as part of project TRAPA. (Alkor-Berichte, AL611)
Öğretmen Adaylarının Dijital Oyunlardaki Davranışlarına İlişkin Görüşlerinin Değerler Bağlamında İncelenmesi
Authors: Yaşaroğlu Cihat , İnal Özlem
Published: October 2024

Dijitalleşmenin her alanda etkisini hissettirdiği gibi dijital oyunlar da yaygınlaşmaya başlamıştır. Günlük hayatta bizi ilgilendiren ahlak kurallarının dijital ortamlarda da geçerli olması beklenir. Bu araştırmada sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının çevrimiçi dijital oyunlardaki ahlaki davranışlarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden kartopu örnekleme seçilerek oluşturulmuştur. Çalışma grubunu bir devlet üniversitesinin Eğitim Fakültesi’nde okumakta olan beş öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veriler bu araştırma için hazırlanmış olan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılarak yapılan görüşmeler ile elde edilmiştir. Veriler, betimsel ve içerik analizine uygun olarak analiz edilmiş, analizler sonucunda dijital oyun kullanımı, dijital oyun içinde ve dışında etkileşim ve kişisel bilgi paylaşımı, dijital oyundaki ahlaki davranışlar, hile kullanımı temaları ortaya çıkmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgular sonucunda öğretmen adaylarının çoğunlukla gerçek hayatta uyguladıkları ahlaki kurallara dijital oyun esnasında da dikkat ederek bunları davranış olarak sergiledikleri sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bununla birlikte katılımcıların dijital oyunlardaki bu ahlaki davranışlarının oyundan aldıkları zevk ve eğlenme duygularına bağlı olarak değişmekte olduğu da görülmüştür.
Pengetahuan dan Perilaku Cerdik Penyakit Tidak Menular terhadap Kejadian Hipertensi
Authors: Sundari Muhrida Septiana , Juniarti Neti , Sari Sheizi Prista
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT Hypertension is a non-communicable disease that is still the leading cause of death globally and nationally. This study aims to analyze the relationship between knowledge and behavior of CERDIK PTM on the incidence of hypertension in the target of Posbindu in Ciwalen Village, Garut Regency. The research method used is quantitative research with a cross sectional approach. The results showed that there was a relationship between knowledge (p=0.000), and CERDIK NCD behavior (p=0.002) with the incidence of hypertension. In conclusion, there is a relationship between the knowledge and behavior of CERDIK PTM and the incidence of hypertension. Keywords: CERDIK NCD, Hypertension, Knowledge  ABSTRAK Hipertensi merupakan penyakit tidak menular yang masih menjadi penyebab utama kematian secara global dan nasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara pengetahuan dan perilaku CERDIK PTM terhadap kejadian hipertensi pada sasaran Posbindu di Kelurahan Ciwalen, Kabupaten Garut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan pengetahuan (p=0,000), dan perilaku CERDIK PTM (p=0,002) dengan kejadian hipertensi. Ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dan perilaku CERDIK PTM dengan kejadian hipertensi. Kata Kunci: CERDIK PTM, Hipertensi, Pengetahuan
Penerapan Intervensi Perendaman Kaki dengan Rebusan Air Serai dan Garam pada Penderita Hipertensi Terhadap Penurunan Tekanan Darah
Authors: Saputri Defika Drajat , Muhlisin Abi
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT  Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a condition where arterial blood flow experiences a pressure that is higher than normal, namely 120/80 mmHg in adults. Treatment of hypertension is necessary, not only to lower blood pressure levels but also to prevent the disease from getting worse. Soaking the feet in warm water provides a local response to heat through this stimulation, which will send impulses from the periphery to the hypothalamus. To determine the effect of soaking feet in boiled salt water and lemongrass on lowering blood pressure in hypertensive patients. This scientific work uses a case study design by providing an intervention from evidence-based nursing in the form of the Benson relaxation technique for ± 10 minutes given to four hypertensive patient subjects. Based on the results of applying foot soak therapy in boiled salt water and lemongrass, it showed an effect on lowering blood pressure in the four subjects. Based on the results of the application and description of foot soaks in boiled salt and lemongrass, the author concludes that foot soaks can be a non-pharmacological technique that can influence blood pressure in hypertensive patients to speed up the patient's recovery. Keywords: Hypertension, Lemongrass Decoction, Salt, Blood Pressure  ABSTRAK Hipertensi atau tekanan darah tinggi (high blood pressure) merupakan kondisi dimana aliran darah arteri mengalami tekanan yang lebih tinggi dari kondisi normal yaitu pada 120/80 mmHg pada orang dewasa. Pengobatan hipertensi diperlukan, tidak hanya untuk menurunkan tingkat tekanan darah tetapi untuk mencegah penyakit dari komplikasi. Merendam kaki dengan air hangat memberi respon lokal terhadap panas melalui stimulasi ini akan mengirimkan implus dari perofer ke hipotalamus. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh rendam kaki air rebusan garam dan serai dalam menurunkan tekanan darah pasien hipertensi. Karya ilmiah ini menggunakan rancangan studi kasus (case study) dengan pemberian intervensi dari Evidance Based Nursing berupa teknik relaksasi benson selama ±10 menit yang diberikan pada empat subjek pasien hipertensi. Berdasarkan hasil penerapan terapi rendam kaki air rebusan garam dan serai menunjukan adanya pengaruh dalam menurunkan tekanan darah pada ke empat subjek. Berdasarkan hasil penerapan dan uraian tentang rendam kaki air rebusan garam dan serai, penulis menyimpulkan bahwa rendam kaki bisa menjadi salah satu teknik non farmakologis yang dapat memepengaruhi tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi untuk mempercepat pemulihan pada pasien. Kata Kunci: Hipertensi, rebusan serai, garam, tekanan darah
Comprehensive Analysis of Codon Usage Bias in Human Papillomavirus Type 51
Authors: Tan Xiaochun , Bao Siwen , Lu Xiaolei , Lu Binbin , Shen Weifeng , Jiang Chaoyue
Published: October 2024

Human papillomavirus type 51 (HPV-51) is associated with various cancers, including cervical cancer. Examining the codon usage bias of the organism can offer valuable insights into its evolutionary patterns and its relationship with the host. This study comprehensively analyzed codon usage bias in HPV-51 by examining 64 complete genome sequences sourced from the NCBI GenBank database. Our analysis revealed no noteworthy preference for codon usage in HPV-51 overall. However, there was a noticeable bias towards A/T-ending codons, accompanied by GC3s below 32%. Dinucleotide frequency analysis revealed reduced frequencies for ApA, CpG, and TpC dinucleotides, while CpA and TpG dinucleotides were more frequent than others. Relative Synonymous Codon Usage analysis revealed 30 favored codons, primarily concluding with A/T nucleotides. Further analysis using Parity Rule 2, Effective Number of Codons plot, and neutrality plot indicated a balance between mutational pressure and natural selection, with natural selection being the primary force shaping codon usage bias. The Isoacceptor tRNA Pool analysis indicates that HPV-51 has a higher translation efficiency within the human cellular translational system. Moreover, the Codon Adaptation Index and Relative Codon Deoptimization Index analyses suggested a moderate adaptation of HPV-51 to human codon preferences. Our discoveries offer valuable perspectives on how HPV-51 evolves and uses genetic codes, contributing to a deeper comprehension of its endurance and disease-causing potential.
Exploring Open Science practices at a national and research library in Central Europe
Authors: Ayachi Sywar
Published: October 2024

The paradigm of Open Science (OS) is increasingly pivotal in contemporary scholarly research, promoting transparency, accessibility, and collaboration. This study, conducted as part of an Erasmus+ internship by a trainee at the National Széchényi Library of Hungary (OSZK) assesses the level of Open Science awareness among its researchers and contributes to the formulation of an Open Science-compliant Data Management Plan policy. By examining researchers' perspectives and current practices, the survey identifies some gaps and areas for improvement in data management and sharing. These insights are instrumental in developing strategic initiatives to enhance Open Science practices within the OSZK researchers. Furthermore, the findings have prompted the Office for GLAM Standards at NSL to develop a specialized Open Science course for OSZK researchers. This study not only supports the advancement of a more open and collaborative research culture within Hungary but also aligns with global efforts to democratize scientific knowledge.
Excess Cardiopulmonary Arrest and Mortality after COVID-19 Vaccination in King County, Washington
Authors:   McCullough Foundation, Dallas, TX, United States, Hulscher Nicolas
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Since the onset of widespread COVID-19 vaccination campaigns, there have been concerns about serious cardiovascular adverse events as a result of mass vaccination. This study aimed to estimate excess cardiopulmonary arrest mortality in King County, WA, and investigate any association with COVID-19 vaccination rates. Methods: An exploratory data analysis was performed. Comparative analyses were performed to evaluate the changes in total EMS attendances over time. Excess deaths were calculated using the 2015-2020 cardiopulmonary arrest mortality trend line. The relationship between excess cardiopulmonary arrest mortality and vaccination rates was analyzed using polynomial regression analysis. Results: Approximately 98% of the King County population received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine by 2023. As of August 2nd, 2024, there have been approximately 589,247 confirmed COVID-19 cases in King County. In 2021- 2022, Total EMS attendances in King County sharply increased by 35.34% from 2020 and by 11% from pre-pandemic years. Cases of 'obvious death' upon EMS arrival increased by 19.89% in 2020, 36.57% in 2021, and 53.80% in 2022 compared to the 2017-2019 average. We found a 25.7% increase in total cardiopulmonary arrests and a 25.4% increase in cardiopulmonary arrest mortality from 2020 to 2023 in King County, WA. Excess fatal cardiopulmonary arrests were estimated to have increased by 1,236% from 2020 to 2023, rising from 11 excess deaths (95% CI: -12, 34) in 2020 to 147 excess deaths (95% CI: 123, 170) in 2023. A quadratic increase in excess cardiopulmonary arrest mortality was observed with higher COVID-19 vaccination rates. The general population of King County sharply declined by 0.94% (21,300) in 2021, deviating from the expected population size. Applying our model from these data to the entire United States yielded 49,240 excess fatal cardiopulmonary arrests from 2021-2023. Conclusions: We identified a significant ecological and temporal association between excess fatal cardiopulmonary arrests and the COVID-19 vaccination campaign. The increase in excess cardiopulmonary arrest deaths may also be attributed to COVID-19 infection and disruptions in emergency care during the pandemic. Urgent further research is needed to confirm our observations with attention to risk mitigation for incident events and improved survival with resuscitation.
Konstruksi Kecantikan dalam Novel Midah Si Manis Bergigi Emas dan Cantik Itu Luka
Authors: Farida Maesaroh
Published: October 2024

Cantik Itu Luka dan Midah Si Manis Bergigi Emas dan Cantik Itu Luka  merupakan novel yang mengambil perempuan sebagai tokoh utamanya. Novel Midah Si Manis Bergigi Emas karya Pramoedya Ananta Toer dan Novel Cantik Luka karya Eka Kurniawan merupakan dua karya besar yang mendapatkan berbagai penghargaan. Bertema pada perjuangan perempuan, kedua novel ini memaknai cantik yang dikonstruksikan melalui tokoh-tokoh perempuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan konstruksi kecantikan dalam novel Midah Si Manis Bergigi Emas dan novel Cantik Itu Luka dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah sastra bandingan, khususnya untuk mendapatkan persamaan atau perbedaan dalam kedua novel tersebut. Teori konstruksi kecantikan dengan pendekatan psikologi sastra Sigmund Freud digunakan untuk memperoleh pemaknaan kecantikan dari kepribadian tokoh perempuan. Hasil analisis dari kedua novel mengkonstruksikan kecantikan bukan hanya soal cantik dari dalam ataupun luar, juga sebagai pandangan bahwa cantik itu bisa membawa kemalangan dan malapetaka. Perbandingan tentang kecantikan yang muncul dari novel  Midah Si Manis Bergigi Emas memfokuskan kecantikan pada satu kepribadian tokoh yang menjadi pusat dari alur ceritanya, yaitu Midah. Novel Cantik Itu Luka direkonstruksi oleh beberapa tokoh perempuan seperti Dewi Ayu, Cantik, Alamanda, dan Aneu dengan beragam stigma yang didapatkannya.
Analisis Unsur Intrinsik dan Ekstrinsik Novel Kabandang Ku Kuda Lumping Karya Ahmad Bakri
Authors: Irma Beni Wahyuningsih Siti Ghina Syarifah Arbaniah
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan dalam menganalisis unsur-unsur intrinsik dan ekstrinsik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tema, alur, penokohan, sudut pandang, amanat, latar, gaya bahasa, biografi pengarang, hidup pengarang dalam masyarakat, serta nilai-nilai yang terkandung dalam novel Kabandang ku Kuda Lumping karya Ahmad Bakri. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa yang paling berperan dalam penelitian ini adalah adalah nilai moral dalam unsur ekstrinsik novel, dimana nilai moral yang tercantum dalam novel yaitu mengenai beberapa kenalakan yang dilakukan Jang Udin sebagai tokoh utama dalam cerita.
Mad Honey Poisoning: Another Substance causing Muscarinic Overactivity
Authors: Ahmad Jamia , Roy Sharon , Islam Mahbuba , Anam Ahmad Mursel
Published: October 2024

Mad honey syndrome is the poisoning by Grayanotoxin, produced by plants of genus Rhododendron of Ericacea family. Grayanotoxin poisoning is relatively uncommon and is encountered mostly in Nepal and Turkey, where the plants are found in abundance. The similarity between the symptoms of Grayanotoxin toxicity and organophosphate compounds (OPC) poisoning poses the challenge of differentiating between the two, and a possibility of atropine poisoning while treating as OPC poisoning. Here we report the first ever case of “Mad Honey Syndrome” in Bangladesh, where meticulous history taking helped us in proper diagnosis and appropriate management.
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2024; 42: 383-386
Intraoperative Ultrasound in Glioma Tumors
Authors: Mohajeri Seyed Mohammad Reza , Darvishnia Saina , Ahmadi Seyed Ali
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Glioma tumor is the most common primary brain tumor and extent of resection of this tumor plays a significant role in the survival rate of the patients. Intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS) has become a convenient technique in brain tumor surgery due to its non-invasiveness, affordability, and real-time imaging capabilities, making it appealing to neurosurgeons, and assists neurosurgeons in identifying the tumor's location and adjacent structures during surgery.
Methods: This study was done prospectively, in Rasul Akram and Shahada-ye-Haftam Tir hospitals, Tehran, Iran, and evaluated IOUS's use in 20 patients with brain glioma between 2019 and 2022. Simple random sampling was used to select patients. The resection was performed using IOUS, and the extent of resection was assessed through imaging. We used SonoSite convex ultrasound probe with bandwidth of 10-3 MHz and scan depth of 3 to 18 cm.
Results: The study found that with ultrasound guidance, the average mass resection rate was 89.3%. The use of ultrasound during surgery improved the resection rate compared to previous studies. Motor complications observed in 15% of patients after surgery included paralysis and verbal deficits, while the rate of meningitis was low. The average length of hospitalization for patients was 10 days, and the average intraoperative bleeding was 344 cubic centimeters.
Conclusion: Ultrasound can be a valuable tool in resection of brain glioma as it provides real-time imaging and assists in tumor resection, and detect adjacent structures. However, it should be used in conjunction with other monitoring modalities. Further studies are necessary to explore the full potential and limitations of IOUS in neurosurgery.

J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2024; 42: 387-392
Life-Threatening Spontaneous Hematoma in Unusual Sites in Patients with COVID-19 on Anticoagulant Therapy: A Case Series
Authors: Samad M A , Disha Afsana Rabeya , Saha Shovon , Amin Rohul , Khalid K M Saidullah
Published: October 2024

Thromboembolic manifestations are a common phenomenon in patients affected by corona virus (SARS CoV-2). Recent studies have shown that patients with acute renal failure are also at a greater risk of venous and arterial thromboembolism, 15-30% in ICU, and 7% inpatient care. However, frequently unjudicial use of anticoagulants may develop severe life-threatening hematoma. In our hospital settings we had a dedicated COVID Unit with a Hemodialysis facility. Our Nephrology department had managed 381 patients being COVID positive along with renal impairment from March 2020 to January 2022. Among these patients, four patients developed spontaneous non traumatic hematoma in unusual sites. On admission all the patients received treatment according to our national guidelines for COVID-19. Cases: It is a retrospective analysis in a single-centered hospital. Four cases with confirmed COVID-19 with acute kidney injury and on anticoagulant therapy had developed sudden concealed bleeding. These patients had no previous history of anticoagulant therapy before admission. Case 1 developed hemorrhage in Right lower anterior paramedian deep parietal wall of abdomen, Case 2 had hematoma in retroperitoneal space and in lower third of Iliopsoas, Case 3 developed hemorrhage in left cerebral hemisphere, Case 4 had Intramuscular Hematoma in left rectus abdominis. Out of these four patients two of them required Hemodialysis and one of them went into shock. All patients included were male. The mean age was 57±19.64years. All the four patients were initially managed conservatively with keen monitoring and with proper volume resuscitation, blood transfusion and discontinuation of the anticoagulants. Three of the patients survived with conservative management and one patient died due to sudden massive cardiac arrest. The use of therapeutic anticoagulant can increase the risk of bleeding in atypical sites and may exhibit higher patient death with COVID-19 if not identified at early stage. So a risk-benefit ratio of usage of anticoagulants should be kept in mind and further clinical trials needed to justify its random use in COVID-19.
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2024; 42: 393-400
Disaster as an Opportunity to Enhance Community Resilience: Lesson Learnt from Chilean Coast
Authors: Rahman Md Shahinoor , Kausel Teodoro
Published: October 2024

Coastal communities in Chile are at risk to tsunamis like other coastal communities around the world. The Dichato community is one of the most affected communities by the 27 February, 2010 earthquake and following tsunami. More than seventy percent of infrastructure was washed away. The livelihood of the local people is severely damaged. The disaster recovery process was slower than expected. The concept of resilience is normally understood as the opposite of vulnerability. This means that where vulnerability is high, the level of resilience tends to be low, and vice versa. As vulnerability is the opposite of resilience, it is very much important to build a resilient community to reduce the disaster risk. This paper focuses on how a disaster can be an opportunity to enhance community resilience to disasters. Qualitative data are collected through key informant interview. Key informants are community leaders, high officials at local and regional office and also from non-government organizations. After this devastating tsunami, Dichato community gets special attention from the government and other agencies. As a result, disaster brings opportunity for the community in the form of new vision, new relation and new idea, which may enhance community resilience in the future. Findings of this paper will open a new horizon that can help to find the strength and weakness of disaster preparedness at community level. It will also help to learn about new approach to build community capacities against disaster.
Journal of Bangladesh Institute of Planners, Vol. 5, Dec 2012, pp. 1-11
Departure Time Choice Analysis Using Ordered Response Probit Model: Journey to Work Trip in Dhaka City
Authors: Anwar A H M Mehbub
Published: October 2024

With growing concern about travel time increase and energy consumption, transportation planners and decision makers are becoming gradually more conscious of the necessary reallocation of the departure time at the peak period travel in an effort to reduce traffic congestion, environmental emission and peak load. The paper addresses this particular problem through the development and estimation of a journey to work (JTW) departure time choice model. The model has been developed by considering five characteristics, such as individual socio-demographics, household socio demographic characteristic, employment related attributes, trip related attributes and arrival related aspects. By identifying departure time choice, one can observe the level of earlier start as an ordinal variable that expresses extremity of earlier start behavior which is increased with larger values of departure time. To represent this ordinal variable, an ordered response probit (ORP) model has been employed to investigate the JTW trips in Dhaka city.
Journal of Bangladesh Institute of Planners Vol. 5, Dec 2012, pp. 107-118
Identifying the Impact of Road Networks on Forest Land Using Geographical Information System and Remote Sensing: A Case Study of Teknaf Reserved Forest
Authors: Ullah Kazi Masel , Hafiz Roxana
Published: October 2024

The aim of this study is identifying impact of road networks on forest land. Teknaf Reserved Forest area was selected for case study. To make the study forest land class was defined using remote sensing (RS) analysis. Then evaluation on changes of forest coverage was made using GIS analysis tools. The study results were validated by conducting interviews with local stakeholders. The study finds that within a reasonable visible range there is no impact of metal road on forest land, while, the impact of footpath is highest. It also shows that decreasing rate of forest land due to all type of roads is lower than that of all over the study area.
Journal of Bangladesh Institute of Planners Vol. 5, Dec 2012, pp. 199-203
Memorias del Simposio de Investigaciones 2023
Authors:   Universidad del Azuay, Ansaloni Raffaella
Published: October 2024

Este libro recoge los resúmenes de todos los trabajos que fueron presentados: conferencias magistrales, presentaciones orales, posters expuestos durante esas jornadas académicas, así como de charlas informativas. Los trabajos fueron cuidadosamente seleccionados por la comisión de investigación, en base al tema de estudio y a su relevancia científica. Las seis charlas magistrales, a cargo de destacados profesores, versaron sobre asuntos muy variados: ecología, astrofísica, educación, cambio climático, planificación territorial, uso sostenible de agua. Hubo 36 conferencias, dos de las cuales estuvieron dedicadas a temas de propiedad intelectual y fondos internacionales para la investigación. Se expusieron 34 posters, que pudieron ser vistos con detenimiento por todos los participantes. E conocimiento de lo que hace la comunidad permite promover la interdisciplinariedad y la búsqueda de soluciones holísticas a los problemas que afectan a nuestra casa común y al conjunto de la sociedad. La universidad es el lugar donde convergen alumnos y profesores para aprender y crear nuevo conocimiento, y el simposio permitió estimular el conocimiento e impulsó el conocimiento de la comunidad universitaria a través de la ciencia. 100 paginas ISBN: 978-9942-670-04-5 e-ISBN: 978-9942-670-05-2
The economic and social burden of congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (cTTP) in Italy
Authors: Rumi Filippo , Basile Michele , Di Brino Eugenio , Fortunato Agostino , Antonini Debora
Published: October 2024

Background: Congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (cTTP) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by an abnormal clotting process leading to serious health complications such as thrombocytopenia and hemolytic anemia. Despite its clinical significance, the estimated broader economic and social impacts in Italy on patients and society remain underexplored.
Methods: A detailed questionnaire, developed and validated by a panel of cTTP experts, was distributed to healthcare professionals and patient associations to gather comprehensive data on the economic and social burden of cTTP in Italy. The study was focused on direct and indirect costs associated with the disease management of 15 patients with cTTP, as well as out-of-pocket expenses incurred by patients.
Results: The analysis revealed that of the 15 patients diagnosed with cTTP in Italy, 60% were adults aged 40-55 years. Productivity loss and diminished quality of life dominated the economic burden of cTTP, accounting for 81.05% of total costs. Direct medical costs, while substantial, represented a smaller portion of the overall financial impact. Additionally, out-of-pocket expenses, though constituting the smallest fraction, underscored the financial contributions made by patients towards their own care management.
Conclusion: The findings underscore the need for a multidisciplinary and holistic approach to cTTP management that extends beyond the clinical treatment. Addressing the economic and social implications of the disease is crucial for improving patient well-being and ensuring the sustainability of healthcare systems. The study advocates for increased awareness, research, and access to care for cTTP patients, highlighting the importance of comprehensive support networks to mitigate the disease’s broader societal impacts, estimated to be around 2 million euro for 15 patients in 10 years.
Hükümlü Bireylerde Algılanan Sosyal Desteğin Sosyal Görünüş Kaygısına Etkisi
Authors: Çapuk Hüseyin , Kerkez Müjde
Published: October 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Hükümlü Bireylerde Algılanan Sosyal Desteğin Sosyal Görünüş Kaygısına Etkisini belirlemektir.
Yöntem: Araştırma çalışma grubunu, Kapalı ve Açık cezaevinde kalan hükümlü ve tutuklu bireylerden 193 kişi oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada Sosyo-Demografik Bilgi Formu, Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği, Sosyal Görünüş Kaygısı Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde SPSS 22 programı kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışmamızın bulgularına göre, cezaevinde kalan hükümlü bireylerin sosyal destek düzeyleri artıkça sosyal görünüş kaygı düzeylerinin azaldığı saptanmıştır. Çalışmamızda infaz sürecindeki hükümlülerin Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği Aile Alt Boyutu (r=-0.240*, p=0.001), Arkadaş alt boyutu (r=-0.188**,p=0.009), Özel insan alt boyutu (r=-0.151**,p=0.037) ve toplam puanı (r=-0.233*, p=0.001) ile Sosyal Görünüş Kaygısı Ölçeği arasında istatiksel olarak önemli negatif yönde zayıf bir ilişki saptanmıştır. Salıverme sonrası destek alan, aile yakın ilişkide olan, anne ve baba ziyareti, her ay açık veya kapalı görüşmeye gelenlerin sosyal destek algılarını yüksek bulurken, cezaevine girdikten sonra psikososyal kurs ve atölye çalışmalarına katılmayan, aile ve yakınları ile iki ayda bir mektup ile haberleşenlerin sosyal görünüş kaygıları daha yüksek bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Hükümlü bireylere yönelik yapılacak sosyal desteğin geliştirilmesine yönelik psiko-sosyal programlar ve aile ile yakın ilişkide olmaları sağlamaları, bu bireylerin sosyal görünüş kaygılarını olumlu yönde etkileyeceği düşünülmektedir.
Dengue Fever: A Harbinger of Hemorrhagic Fever Pandemics in a Changing World?
Authors: Cati Matteo Maria
Published: October 2024

Dengue fever, a mosquito-borne viral illness, exhibits concerning parallels with hemorrhagic fever pandemics. This paper explores the rise of dengue in the context of climate change, urbanization, and evolving mosquito populations. We argue that these factors potentially position dengue as a stepping-stone towards more widespread hemorrhagic fever outbreaks. By analyzing limitations of current control methods, the paper proposes strategies for improved preparedness against not only dengue but also a potential hemorrhagic fever pandemic, highlighting the devastating economic and social consequences.
Indications for Stoma Creation and Early Outcome Predictors of Stoma Closure at Universtiy of Dodoma Teaching Hospitals
Authors: Mbelle Peter James , Kizigina Simba , Mwashambwa Masumbuko
Published: October 2024

Background: In advanced and developing countries stomas are commonly applied to clients, which can either be colostomy or ileostomy. These stomas are associated with post operative complications which might be the causal factors for the morbidity and mortality to our surgical patients. This study focus and analyse the indications of stoma creation, it also explores early outcome predictors of stoma closure. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the indications for stoma creation and early outcome predictors of stoma closure. Methodology: The study was prospective, descriptive cross-sectional done at BMH, DRRH and IRRH from June 2021 to August 2022. The structured questionnaire was used as a tool for data collection. The information was obtained from patients, case notes or register book. Convenient sampling technique was used to select clients. Clavien-Dindo tool was used for grading severity of post-operative complications, chi-square, binary and multivariate logistic regression were used to establish association between predictor and outcome variables. SPSS was used for analysis. Results: A total of 194 subjects were enrolled in this study. There were 140 males (72.2%) and 54 females (27.8%) with male to female ratio of 3:1. Colostomy was the leading type of stoma created at 133 (68.6%) followed by ileostomy 61 (31.4%). Commonest indications for colostomy were sigmoid volvulus 75 (56.4%) and colo-rectal carcinoma 43 (32.3%). Ileostomy was commonly indicated in enteric perforation 24 (39.4%) and ileal trauma 20 (32.8%). Overall post-stoma closure complications were noted in 78 (40.2%), colostomy contributed by 60 (30.9%) and ileostomy at 18 (9.3%). The noted post-operative complications were deep & organ/space SSI 52 (26.8%), AL & ECF 21 (10.8%) and IO 05 (2.6%). Clavien-Dindo tool showed 78 (40.2%) unfavorable and 08 (4.1%) favorable outcomes. Binary logistic regression showed predictors of complications to be blood transfusion (p<0.001), hypo-albuminemia (p<0.001) and colostomy closure (p=0.041). Multivariate logistic regression showed hypo-albuminemia (p=0.002) a significant early outcome predictor of stoma closure. Conclusion: Hypo-albuminemia was shown to be important prognostic indicator for complications following stoma closure. The stomas were commonly indicated in sigmoid volvulus and enteric ileal perforation, and predominant post stoma closure complications were surgical site infection (SSI). Clavien-Dindo scoring system was also shown to be effective for grading severity of post-operative complications.
Doping: faktor penyebab, efek samping, dan pendampingan secara psikologis
Authors: Mylsidayu Apta
Published: October 2024

Indonesia Anti Doping Organization (IADO) telah merilis pengumuman atlet yang terkena doping pada tahun 2023, ada tiga cabang olahraga yang dianggap melakukan pelanggaran terhadap peraturan anti-doping yaitu cabang olahraga binaraga, akuatik, dan taekwondo. Faktor yang mempengaruhi atlet untuk menggunakan zat terlarang guna meningkatkan performa dikarenakan tekanan untuk berprestasi dan tingkat kompetisi yang tinggi, tekanan dari pelatih atau tim, finansial, kurangnya pendidikan dan kesadaran, kurangnya pengawasan dan penegakan hukum yang efektif, dan kurangnya pengetahuan tentang alternatif yang aman. Psikolog olahraga dapat melakukan pendampingan psikologi pada atlet yang mendapatkan hukuman dari kasus doping sebagai upaya pencegahan terulangnya insiden doping dengan memberikan pendidikan dan informasi, konseling, pengembangan keterampilan koping dan manajemen stres, kognitif perilaku, dukungan sosial, terapi kognitif, penanganan tekanan media, pemahaman etika dan tanggung jawab, serta bimbingan karir dan pemetaan tujuan untuk perencanaan masa depan.Upaya kolaboratif antara psikolog olahraga, pelatih, dan pihak-pihak terkait lainnya menjadi krusial dalam menciptakan lingkungan olahraga yang mendukung perkembangan atlet secara holistik, mengurangi tekanan yang tidak sehat, dan meminimalkan risiko penyalahgunaan zat terlarang demi mencapai tingkat performa yang optimal dengan cara-cara yang etis dan berkelanjutan.
Pengaruh Latihan Passing Bawah Menggunakan Target Dinding Dalam Kemampuan Passing Bawah Pada Siswa Ekstrakurikuler Bola Voli SMPIT Nurul Ihsan
Authors: Muhammad Reza Syahputra Reza , Setiawan Asep , Lasma Yunita
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh latihan passing bawah menggunakan target dinding terhadap kemampuan passing bawah pada siswa ekstrakurikuler bola voli SMPIT Nurul Ihsan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen dengan desain One-Group Pretest-Posttest. Subjek penelitian adalah 15 siswa yang aktif mengikuti ekstrakurikuler bola voli di SMPIT Nurul Ihsan. Instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan tes AAHPER untuk mengukur kemampuan passing bawah sebelum dan sesudah latihan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan signifikan dalam kemampuan passing bawah setelah diberikan latihan menggunakan target dinding. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan uji-t menunjukkan nilai t hitung 8.33 dengan t tabel 1.761, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa latihan passing bawah menggunakan target dinding efektif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan passing bawah siswa. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi penting bagi pelatih bola voli dalam merancang program latihan yang lebih efektif untuk meningkatkan keterampilan dasar pemain.
A comparison of machine learning methods for queue length detection
Authors: Yeşilyurt Mehmet Eren , Güzel Mehmet Serdar , Sezer Ebru
Published: October 2024

Queues are formed by people waiting for a service in public institutions and they can be defined as orderly groups of people. Automatically counting the number of people waiting in a queue through video camera footage would provide these institutions with valuable information with regards to customer service quality. In this paper, our goal is to compare several machine learning methods for finding the total number of people waiting in a queue given video camera frames. We approached this problem as a regression task. We used a subset of the Collective Activity Dataset and compared three different methods. The first two methods used bounding box coordinates and orientations provided by the dataset, while the last method utilized the bounding box coordinates to extract feature maps from the frames using RoiAlign. The first method used XGBoost, while the latter methods used Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). Results show that the method using RoiAlign presents the best prediction performance in terms of mean squared error and mean absolute error, compared to other methods.
Enhancing precision in proton therapy: Utilizing machine learning for predicting Bragg curve peak location in cancer treatment
Authors: Asuroglu Tunc
Published: October 2024

In proton beam therapy, the Bragg peak is the point where protons lose energy the fastest. This point is crucial for dose control, preserving healthy tissues, minimizing lateral scattering, and the success of treatment planning. However, accurately predicting the location of the Bragg peak is challenging due to the complex interactions of protons with tissues. This study proposes a machine learning (ML) approach to predict the exact location of the Bragg peak from phantom tissue proton beam therapy experiments. A dataset comprising the eight most commonly used biomaterials, which mimic human tissue in proton therapy procedures, has been curated for this study. Various ML models are benchmarked to find the most successful approach. ML model parameters are further optimized using a metaheuristic approach to achieve the highest prediction capability. In addition, feature contributions of each feature in the dataset are analyzed using an explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) technique. According to experimental results, Random Forest (RF) model that is optimized with Genetic Algorithm (GA) achieved 0.742 Correlation Coefficient (CC) value, 0.069 Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and 0.145 Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) outperforming other ML models. The proposed approach can track and predict the movement of the proton beam in real-time during treatment, enhancing treatment safety and contributing to the more effective management of the treatment process. This study is the first to predict exact Bragg curve peak locations from proton beam therapy experiments using ML approaches. The optimized ML model can provide higher precision in identifying the needed beam dosage for targeted tumor and improving treatment outcomes.
Parity of the central partial quotient of the continued fraction expansion of $\sqrt{D}$
Authors: Riche Sebastien
Published: October 2024

The form D=(k)^2+1 is known to generate all positive non square integers D having a continued fraction expansion D^(1/2)=[a_0;2a_0]. Another known form that generate all positive non square integers D for the expansion of D^(1/2)=[a_0;a_1,a_1,2a_0] is D=(k*a_1^2+k+a_1/2)^2+2k*a_1+1, and already we see that a_1 is restricted to even values for an integer solution D to exist, and when k=0, the period is not primitive/the shortest. In this paper, a form that generate all D for any given period will be provided. It will be shown that the partial quotients a_i can be given any positive value for a solution to exist, and that the only restriction, if any, is on the parity of the central quotient a_n. When k=0, the period is sometimes not primitive and in three scenarios, it is never primitive. It will also be shown that for k positive, the period is always primitive. A study of all the sequences of continued fraction expansions where a_n is incremented and the other partial quotients a_i are fixed will be done, highlighting their cyclic nature.
Subunit-specific mechanisms of isoflurane-induced acute tonic inhibition in dentate gyrus granule neuron
Authors: Yu Zhiqiang , Chen Xiaodan , Liu Zheng , Ding Ran , Xu Jin
Published: October 2024

Prolonged exposure to volatile anesthetics may raise the risk of developing cognitive impairment by acting on gamma-a Aminobutyric acid A receptors (GABAAR). The dentate gyrus plays an important role in the hippocampus and has a high potential for neural plasticity. However, it is unknown whether prolonged anesthesia induces a change in acute phasic or tonic inhibition in dentate gyrus granule cells (DGGCs) by acting on GABAAR. In order to verify the effects of volatile anesthetics on the current in DGGCs, a whole-cell patch was applied to record acute brain slices, and this study indicated that 4 h but not 2 h of isoflurane (ISO) exposure induced significantly larger tonic currents in DGGCs other than hippocampal CA1 pyramidal and thalamic relay neurons. Furthermore, this study demonstrated that the increased tonic current in DGGCs was dependent on the δ subunit-containing GABAARs by using transgenic δ subunit knockout mice. In conclusion, the δ subunit specific GABAAR is the key element that increased acute tonic inhibition in DGGCs of mice after prolonged ISO exposure, which may be one of the mechanisms of ISO neurotoxicity to the developing brain.