bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Localization of the position of vital anatomical structures in the lateral wall of maxillary sinus during different surgical intervention using cone beam computed tomography
Authors:   College of Medicine, University of Diyala , Diyala, Iraq, Hakiem Tawfieq Ali , Ali Hasan Haider , Abd Alrazaq Hassan Manar , Salah Khlfi Mohamed
Published: January 2024

Background: Proper information about the anatomy of the maxillary sinus is required to avoid any unexpected complications that may arise due to the close relation between the maxillary sinus and posterior superior alveolar artery. Objective: To the current study used cone beam computed tomography CBCT imaging to assess the position of the posterior superior alveolar artery (PSAA) in relationship to the alveolar ridge and the flour of maxillary sinus. Patients and Methods: A number of 95 Iraqi patients participated in this prospective study (53 females, 42 males; age range 20-49 years). From January 2021 to February 2022, attended a 2nd specialised dentistry institution in Baquba city for CBCT scanning for numerous diagnostic and management purposes. Results: According to our study, we detected the presences of artery in (83.68%) of the sample. females showed higher PSAA prevalence than men on both sides, and the difference was significant overall, Also, the existence of artery for each side and total in the intramembranous locating in females is greater than that in males, which may demonstrate that the probability of Bleeding and other side effects is higher in males, since the existence of artery in the intramembranous area in females will reduce the likelihood of traumatic injury throughout any surgical treatment. Conclusion: This research used CBCT to determine the precise location of PSAA in the Iraqi population. This data could assist in decreasing the likelihood of hemorrhage as well as other complications which may happen throughout any surgical treatment, such as dental implant placement, ridge expansion.As well as other surgical interventions in this region. Keywords: Maxillary sinus walls, posterior superior alveolar artery, cone beam computed tomography
Teaching Chemistry for Cultural Heritage in the Philippines: A Graduate Course for Non-Science Students
Authors: Cayme Jan-Michael
Published: January 2024

The Philippine government advocates cultural-based education to strengthen national pride by having culture as the core and foundation of development. Chemistry can significantly contribute by educating the populace on the need to have science-oriented thinking in safeguarding the countryâ€™s tangible heritage materials. This paper describes a graduate lecture course introducing chemistry principles in studying cultural heritage materials intended for students or professionals with limited science education. Students learned to appreciate and understand the work of a chemist in providing fundamental knowledge on local materials through scientific research and inquiry. Guidelines successfully implemented in the graduate course, such as the suggested topics, learning objectives, teaching techniques, and assessment tools, are reported. Part of the goal of this paper is to revitalize discussions among chemistry educators in the Philippines on this topic and to inspire the conceptualization of similar courses in different learning institutions.
Transesterification of preheated coconut oil catalyzed by Novozym® 435: potential source of biofuel
Authors: Chakraborty Soma , Ferrer Magin Benedict
Published: January 2024

Coconut oil preheated to 180 and 250 °C was subjected to transesterification reaction in the presence of ethanol, catalyzed by Novozym® 435. Preheating did not change the density, viscosity, and composition of the oil. When the reaction was performed at 70 °C, approximately 74% of the organic phase rich in fatty acid ester was obtained in 8h of reaction. A decrease in acid value was also observed as the transesterification reaction progressed. The pace of the reaction was much slower when the reaction was performed at room temperature. Approximately 70% organic phase was collected after 7 days of reaction. Novozym® 435 could be recycled 3 times to perform the transesterification reaction. The amount of glycerol produced by Novozym® 435 in the 2nd cycle was comparable to that produced by the fresh beads.
Microwave-assisted Extraction of Pectin from Dalanghita (Citrus reticulata Blanco ) Peels
Authors: Gaurana Rnie Shayne , Sunga Sean Alec Lois , Lim Bernice Lyrem Joy , Hizon-Fradejas Amelia , Arreola Sheryl Lozel
Published: January 2024

Pectin is one of the important high value-added products today due to its wide applications as a functional ingredient in food science, cosmetics, and pharmacy. Because of the rising demand, pectin research has become increasingly relevant. Commercial pectins are mainly obtained from citrus peels. Unlike oranges, pectin extraction from dalanghita is not well established. In this study, microwave-assisted extraction was employed for the isolation of pectin from dalanghita (Citrus reticulata Blanco) peels. Using a Box-Behnken response surface methodology design, the effects of three process parameters (pH, irradiation time, and solid/liquid ratio) on the % yield of pectin were observed. The optimum conditions for a maximum pectin yield of 35.43% were pH=1.5, irradiation time=120s, and S/L ratio=30. The extracted pectin was pale yellowish (wet) to brownish (dry) in color, with a 31.75% actual yield, 4.94% methoxyl content, 171.67% anhydrouronic acid (AUA) content, and a 16.37% degree of esterification (DE). Given this data, it was concluded that dalanghita peels are a viable source of pure, low-ester, food-grade pectin that can be used for low-sugar applications. The microwave-assisted process is also a fast and accessible way of extracting pure pectin.
Studie jízdních vlastností dopravního automobilu a požárního přívěsného vozíku
Authors:   University of Žilina, Lasák Jiří , Jánošík Ladislav , Jánošíková Ivana
Published: January 2024

The paper briefly summarises selected driving characteristics of a set of transport vehicles on a Mercedes-Benz Sprinter chassis with the fire designation DA-L2Z and a braked fire trailer on a chassis from VEZEKO Ltd. with a total weight of up to 3.5 tonnes. The driving dynamics testing was focused on a crisis braking in a straight direction and driving in a circle at a speed approaching the safe limit for overturning the vehicle and/or the truck. These two tasks belong to the basic driving skills that a fire truck driver must be able to safely manage in a crisis on the road.
Metodika tvorby a zaisťovania chodníčka bipedálnej ľudskej lokomócie
Authors:   University of Žilina, Šimčeková Damiána , Adamová Veronika
Published: January 2024

A part of specific methods in criminalistics applied in practice is tracology, used for obtaining and documenting evidence from crime scenes. Tracology deals with various types of evidence, including footprints, tire tracks, and footwear. We must not overlook traces left by lips, teeth, or other parts of the human body. This work describes the creation of a human locomotion pathway on a surface. The pathway is generated by the coloured soles of an individual walking to collect documents. In a real-life scenario, we can envision a situation where a perpetrator steps in the victim's blood and then walks across a carpet, leaving traces in the process. After leaving these traces, a forensic expert can secure and extract necessary information from them. This information may include parameters such as the length of a single step or a pair of steps, which can subsequently be used in mathematical models to estimate the body height of the individual. The presented article focuses on the approach to the field of tracology, which represents a distinct scientific discipline within the realm of criminalistics. Specifically, in this article, our emphasis is on presenting the measurement and data collection process in connection with the resolution of an institutional grant project.
Vybrané problémy hasičských jednotiek pri zdolávaní požiarov elektromobilov
Authors:   University of Žilina, Konárik Milan , Ballay Michal , Svetlík Jozef , Kalužník Dávid
Published: January 2024

The article deals with the topic of electric cars. In the introductory part, the development of the number of electric powered assenger vehicles within the European Union and the Slovak Republic is analyzed. The main part of the article is the assessment of the available material and technical equipment of fire brigades in responding to an electric car fire. These unforeseen circumstances are a new challenge for fire brigades, characterized by the difficulty of response activities. The firefighting equipment and gear of the firefighting units are designed to be a safe and effective way of extinguishing electric vehicle fires. The article points to new means available to firefighting units in the event of these fires.
Správa o činnostiach v rámci projektu KEGA 043ŽU-4/2022
Authors:   University of Žilina, Studená Jana , Ristvej Jozef
Published: January 2024

The information presents a report from the activities that are implemented during the first two years of the KEGA 043ŽU-4/2022 project Implementation of Knowledge from Social, Behavioural and Humanities Disciplines into the Training of Students in the Field of Security Sciences. It also brings the vision for the third year of the project implementation.
Erisipela suína: uma revisão
Authors: Barbosa Clara Nilce
Published: January 2024

O gênero Erysipelothrix é responsável por processos patológicos em animais e humanos. Durante várias décadas, a espécie Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae foi o único membro descrito no gênero Erysipelothrix. Atualmente, oito espécies e 28 sorotipos (1,2-26-N) estão caracterizados. Os sorotipos 1 e 2 representam mais de 80% dos isolados de E. rhusiopathiae, sendo associados à erisipela suína. A enfermidade tem sido controlada por vacinação, mas registros de casos clínicos têm causado preocupações sobre o ressurgimento da doença em países com produções relevantes de suínos. Esta revisão apresenta uma abordagem geral sobre a erisipela suína e discute os aspectos etiológicos, epidemiológicos, fatores de virulência, patogenia, diagnóstico, prevenção e controle bem como as implicações em saúde pública.
Investigação e intervenção das Vigilâncias Epidemiológica e Ambiental da Prefeitura do Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil no caso de óbito por raiva humana em 2017
Authors: Coelho-Costa Maria Luiza de Melo , Ribeiro Polyanna Christine Bezerra , Lima Osmar Costa , Barbosa Verônica Santos , Vilar Emmanuel Messias , Cordeiro-Estrela Pedro , Silva Jean Carlos Ramos
Published: January 2024

Objetivou-se descrever ações das Vigilâncias Epidemiológica e Ambiental da Prefeitura do Recife, mediante caso de raiva humana. A metodologia empregada foi a descrição das intervenções baseadas em roteiro do Ministério da Saúde. Em 26/06/2017, foi notificado caso suspeito de raiva em mulher de 35 anos, ativista da causa animal, agredida por gato de rua, não vacinado em 26/04/2017. A pesquisa em saliva e folículo piloso confirmou a infecção pelo vírus rábico em 30/06/2017 e a paciente evoluiu para óbito. Foi identificada a variante antigênica AgV3, espécie-específica para morcegos hematófagos (Desmodus rotundus). Quatro pessoas contactantes foram identificadas e encaminhadas para avaliação médica. Três delas necessitaram da profilaxia antirrábica. A Vigilância Ambiental visitou 81% dos imóveis na área focal, vacinou 1.182 animais cães/gatos. Outros postos fixos de vacinação foram abertos e 3.283 cães/gatos foram vacinados. Ações de mobilização comunitária e educação em saúde foram iniciadas com o curso de sensibilização para ativistas da causa animal e as capacitações sobre a raiva urbana e silvestre para os Agentes de Saúde Ambiental e Controle às Endemias (ASACE). Uma equipe especial foi formada para captura, identificação de espécies, manejo ambiental e envio de amostras de morcegos para exame. No município do Recife-PE foram diagnosticados morcegos positivos para o vírus da raiva, mas não foram notificados outros casos de raiva em cães, gatos ou humanos. Conclui-se que a raiva silvestre em ambiente urbano necessita das articulações de setores e saberes no contexto de Saúde Única, bem como, a implementação de políticas públicas para garantir um ambiente saudável.
Topographic and morphological aspects of the spleen of Bradypus variegatus (SCHINZ, 1825)
Authors: Fonseca Filho Lucilo Bione da , Alcântara Silvia Fernanda de , Miranda Maria Eduarda Luiz Coelho de , Andrade Gilcifran Prestes de , Albuquerque Priscilla Virgínio de , Torres Sandra Maria de , Mesquita Emanuela Polimeni de , Ribeiro Apolônio Gomes , Amorim Júnior Adelmar Afonso de , Nascimento Júlio Cézar dos Santos , Amorim Marleyne José Afonso Accioly Lins
Published: January 2024

Sloths are wild animals with arboreal habits, with slow metabolism, found in tropical forests from South America to Central America. However, the lack of knowledge of their anatomy does not favor the conservation of the species in veterinary care centers, due to its peculiar anatomy. Therefore, the objective of this study was to describe the topography and morphology of the spleen of the species Bradypusvariegatus, in order to collect more information to support and assist in the clinical-surgical processes of the species. Eight corpses of B. variegatus, previously fixed with 20% formaldehyde and preserved in 30% saline solution, were dissected for the macroscopic study of the spleen. A healthy animal, living in semi-captivity, was assigned to perform a tomography of the abdominal region, for observation of the spleen, while two specimens were destined for the microscopic study of the organ immediately after death. Based on the data obtained, the spleen presented a topography and tissue composition similar to other mammals, but its morphology, absence of visceral lienal hilum and anatomical arrangement in the abdominal cavity differed from most domestic and wild animals.
Surto de mixomatose em criação de coelhos no estado do Rio de Janeiro: relato de caso
Authors: Penedo Camila Cristina de Sá , Vasconcelos Ruben Horn , Bezerra Windleyanne Gonçalves Amorim , Liparisi Flávia
Published: January 2024

Objetivou-se com este trabalho relatar um surto de mixomatose em uma criação de coelhos na região rural do município de Cachoeiras de Macacu no estado do Rio de Janeiro. De um total de 103 coelhos, 8 óbitos ocorreram pela doença e 51 indivíduos foram eutanasiados com sinais clínicos típicos. Os animais apresentaram blefaroconjuntivite bilateral com secreção purulenta, progredindo para rinite com secreção sanguinolenta, edema de face e surgimento de pequenos nódulos na face, orelha e escroto. À necropsia, foram observados linfonodomegalia, esplenomegalia, pulmões congestos e edema escrotal. Nesta, foram colhidos fragmentos de fígado, pulmão, rins e tecido cutâneo dos nódulos da face e orelhas para exame histopatológico. Na microscopia das amostras cutâneas foi observada na epiderme: vacuolização dos queratinócitos com vesículas, bolhas e pústulas, além de áreas de acantose, ulceração e presença de crosta serocelular. Na derme foi observado edema pronunciado, infiltrado marcante, difuso e misto de células heterófilas e mononucleares, além de degeneração mucinosa pronunciada. Adicionalmente, constatou-se a presença de grandes células “estreladas” com cariomegalia e cromatina salpicada. As carcaças foram incineradas e os 44 animais restantes que não apresentaram sintomatologia foram submetidos à quarentena por seis meses em galpão com telas, repelentes eletrônicos e monitorados através de exames clínicos e testes complementares para confirmar a sanidade do plantel. Além disso, foi administrada selamectina tópica a cada 30 dias para prevenir e controlar vetores.
Estimation of corona loss in transmission line under different weather conditions
Authors: Shekhappa G. Ankaliki , Kartik Wali
Published: January 2024

Electrical energy is transmitted through the electrical network from power generating station to the consumers. For this purpose, the overhead transmission line is used through which bulk power can be transferred. The conventional electrical network transmits the energy with power loss. The reason for the power loss is due to inherent characteristic of the transmission line and corona discharge which affects the performance of the transmission line. In this work, performance analysis of overhead transmission line is analyzed by developed MATLAB code and tested for different weather (fair and stormy) conditions by using peek's formula.
Optimizing the integration of photovoltaic and wind energy systems for enhanced efficiency
Authors: Nimain Charan Nayak
Published: January 2024

This paper presents a novel integration scheme of solar Photovoltaic (PV) with a large-capacity Doubly Excited Induction Generator (DFIG)-based wind energy system. The proposed scheme leverages both the grid and rotor-side power converters of the DFIG to inject PV power into the grid, eliminating the need for a dedicated converter for PV power processing and offering a cost-effective PV-grid integration solution. The system effectively delivers a substantial amount of PV power to the grid when compared to an equivalent rating inverter used in conventional PV-grid systems. Moreover, the proposed scheme prevents circulating power during sub-synchronous operation in the presence of solar radiation, enhancing overall system efficiency. Additionally, the system's stability benefits from turbine inertia, allowing for higher PV penetration into the power grid. The intermittent complementary nature of solar PV and wind energy sources significantly improves the utilization of the converters. Furthermore, the proposed scheme minimally impacts Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) for PV and wind sources, except in rare environmental glitches, which the PV power control algorithm is adept at handling. The study provides a comprehensive system model used to design the control strategy, supported by analysis, simulations, and experiments conducted on a laboratory prototype.
Directions of Transformation of Tax Policy in Order to Support and Stimulate the Innovative Development of the Economy
Authors:   Financial University,  Moscow, Russia, Goncharenko L.I. , Knyazeva A.V. ,   Financial University,  Moscow, Russia
Published: January 2024

Restrictions on the growth of the Russian economy caused by external geopo-litical factors necessitate the search for new development resources, including tools for indirect support of industry. The subject of the study is a system of tax measures, primarily tax benefits and preferences, adapted to the needs of inno-vative economic development and contributing to stimulating demand for in-novative products. The purpose of the work is to identify the elements of tax policy that need to be adjusted, to search for ways to eliminate the identified shortcomings. It is established that the current tax benefits are mainly general in nature in the presence of some territorial restrictions and do not take into account the sectoral and innovative components of tax policy. Proposals are formulated to clarify the existing tax benefits that contribute to attracting high-ly qualified specialists in the field of research and development; stimulating the consumption of innovative products, increasing the volume of financing of na-tional projects, increasing the role of regions in creating a favorable investment environment through the implementation of interregional projects in priority sectors on the basis of a coordinated regional tax policy. The conclusion is made about the expediency of the transformation of tax policy in terms of the application of tax preferences aimed at stimulating the innovative component of the activities of economic entities.
Tax Mechanisms for Smoothing Income Inequality
Authors:   Financial University,  Moscow, Russia, Belousov A.L.
Published: January 2024

The relevance of the work is due to the need to smooth out the existing income inequality in Russian society, which can be achieved through a revision of approaches to taxation of personal income. The subject of the study is the personal income tax (personal income tax) as a tool to reduce the level of social stratification and reduce income inequality. The purpose of the work is to determine the vector of personal income tax reform in terms of reducing the level of social stratification in modern Russian society and smoothing income inequality as one of the key areas of the implementation of the socio—economic development program of the state. The article assesses the effectiveness of the functioning of the current flat scale of taxation of income of the population. The proposal to introduce a progressive scale of personal income tax rates as a more effective tool for reducing the level of social stratification in society is substantiated. Proposals are formulated to establish the size of personal income tax rates depending on the income of taxpayers and the exclusion of certain types of investment tax deductions provided for the taxation of individuals. As a result of the research, the necessity of transition to a progressive scale of taxation is justified, which is considered as one of the effective tools that allow smoothing out inequality in income of the population and thereby achieving the goals laid down in national projects and programs of socio-economic development of the state.
Competitive Development of the Agro-Industrial Complex of the Region Based on Digitalization of Key Business Processes
Authors:   Perm Institute (branch) Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Oborin M.S.
Published: January 2024

The subject of the study is the development of the agro-industrial complex (AIC) based on the digitalization of key business processes. The purpose of the work is to develop a model for the introduction of digital technologies in the production and management of agricultural enterprises. The relevance of this study is due to the fact that the digitalization of agricultural enterprises contributes to the formation of new products and services, the transformation of the management model, changes in production technologies, which generally contributes to the effective development of agricultural enterprises and increase their level of competitiveness in domestic and foreign markets. The paper identifies the potential for the development of competitive advantages of agribusiness enterprises, presents the most significant limitations that restrain the intensive growth of the agro-industrial complex. Research methods – system, structural-functional and comparative analysis, situational analysis method, modeling method. A model of competitive agribusiness development based on digitalization of key business processes has been developed. It is concluded that the digital transformation of agricultural enterprises will allow agricultural producers to make effective management decisions for the best use of innovative technologies, develop forms of cooperation and cooperation, evaluate the productivity of planned technological and organizational processes.
UNA APROXIMACIÓN A LOS IMPERATIVOS SOCIALES DE LA RELACIÓN CIVIL-MILITAR EN CHILE
Authors: Brieba Milnes Roberto
Published: January 2024

A raíz de la ampliación de las tareas asignadas a las Fuerzas Armadas bajo las nuevas concepciones de seguridad, y los imperativos sobre ellas desde lo político y social reflejado en la Política de Defensa bajo el concepto de áreas de misión; se observa que estas tareas colindan con varias políticas públicas ajenas a la función tradicional de las Fuerzas Armadas. Para poder articular adecuadamente este modelo de Relación Civil-Militar, se plantea una posible guía para gestionar dicha relación de una forma racional que optimice su accionar para el Estado y la Sociedad. En consecuencia, se plantea una Relación Civil-Militar en torno a dos ejes: interacción (colaboración-cooperación) y liderazgo (civil-militar); sobre los que se aplica criterios dinámicos que consideran posibles cambios en los escenarios, de manera de obtener una Relación Civil-Militar que optimice los resultados en beneficio del Estado y la sociedad.
G20 NEW DELHI LEADERS ́ DECLARATION
Authors: El Editor
Published: January 2024

G20 New Delhi Leaders ́ Declaration
Da formação docente a estratégias para religar contextual e globalmente os conteúdos curriculares
Authors: Zwierewicz Marlene , Suchara Stephanie Cristina Böhme , Morais Regiane Sepanhaki de , Ortiz-Padilla Myriam Esther
Published: January 2024

A formação inicial e a formação continuada se constituem em oportunidades incontestáveis para potencializar a pertinência do ensino, sobretudo por meio de práticas pedagógicas que vinculem conteúdos curriculares a demandas locais e globais. Considerando a relevância desse processo, este artigo tem como objetivo mapear estratégias identificadas em pesquisas de mestrados acadêmicos e profissionais relevantes para a religação do conteúdo da Educação Básica a essas reais demandas. Metodologicamente, optou-se pela pesquisa bibliográfica e pela abordagem qualitativa para a análise de dissertações de mestrados vinculados à área da Educação e acessíveis no Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). Como principal contribuição deste estudo, foram selecionadas 35 estratégias para religar contextual e globalmente os conteúdos curriculares, as quais envolvem três dimensões: pessoas, recursos e atividades, e entorno. Dentre elas, destacam-se as que consideram os contextos sociais, reconhecem a diversidade inerente aos estudantes, valorizam o trabalho colaborativo, priorizam o planejamento do ensino articulado à realidade e fomentam a construção de espaços alternativos que colaborem para a autonomia e o protagonismo dos estudantes.
Implementasi Model Direct Instruction dengan Pendekatan Inkuiri Terbimbing untuk Meningkatkan Prestasi dan Minat Belajar Siswa
Authors: Prastawa Hanung Unggul , Sutrisno Sutrisno , Hastuti Sri
Published: January 2024

Tujuan utama seorang guru saat mengajar di kelas adalah mencapai prestasi belajar siswa yang optimal, namun berdasarkan hasil observasi di kelas X-J MAN 2 Kota Semarang pada semester ganjil tahun pelajaran 2022/2023 prestasi belajar hanya 54,29% siswa yang nilai matematikanya ≥75 dari total 35 siswa, serta minat belajar matematika yang rendah dengan persentase 54,79%. Salah satu faktornya adalah penggunaan model pembelajaran ekspositori oleh guru yang masih menjadi penyebab, sehingga diperlukan adanya inovasi dalam model pembelajaran guna meningkatkan prestasi dan minat belajar matematika siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan prestasi dan minat belajar matematika siswa melalui model Direct Instruction (DI) dengan pendekatan inkuiri terbimbing. Tahapan penelitian ini yaitu (1) Perencanaan, (2) Tindakan, (3) Pengamatan atau observasi, dan (4) Refleksi. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data yaitu (1) Tes prestasi belajar, (2) Angket minat belajar matematika, dan (3) observasi pelaksanaan pembelajaran. Hasil analisis pada penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa ketuntasan tes prestasi belajar secara klasikal pada siklus I sebesar 65,71% dan pada siklus II sebesar 77,14% artinya terjadi peningkatan prestasi belajar dengan persentase 11,43%. Persentase angket minat belajar pada siklus I yaitu 65,07% dan pada siklus II yaitu 70,57% sehingga terjadi peningkatan 5,5% pada minat belajar matematika. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan model pembelajaran DI dengan pendekatan inkuiri terbimbing dapat meningkatkan prestasi dan minat belajar matematika siswa.Kata kunci: Direct Instruction; Inkuiri Terbimbing; Prestasi Belajar; Minat Belajar
Penalaran Matematis Siswa Ditinjau dari Gaya Berpikir Menurut Gregorc
Authors: Fitri Siti Nur , Liana Metta , Tambunan Linda Rosmery
Published: January 2024

AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan bernalar matematika siswa yang dilihat dari karakteristik gaya berpikir yang dikategorikan menurut Anthony Gregorc. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah deskriptif, dan metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di MTs Negeri Tanjungpinang pada bulan Mei tahun 2023. Teknik tes dan wawancara digunakan sebagai metode pengumpulan data. Instrumen yang dibutuhkan dalam penelitian ini yaitu peneliti dan didukung dengan instrumen tes gaya berpikir, instrumen tes penalaran matematis dan pedoman wawancara. Untuk menganalisis data secara bertahap meliputi pengumpulan data, reduksi data, dan penarikan kesimpulan akan digunakan metode analisis Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa dengan gaya berpikir sekuensial abstrak memiliki kemampuan penalaran matematis yang lebih baik daripada siswa dengan gaya berpikir sekuensial konkrit, gaya berpikir acak konkrit, dan gaya berpikir acak abstrak.Kata kunci: Kemampuan, Penalaran Matematis, Gaya berpikir.
Use of phytobiotics in feeding monogastric animals (review )
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Trukhachev V.I.
Published: January 2024

The negative consequences of the irrational use of feed antibiotics in animal husbandry, consisting in the spread of resistance of pathogens to their action, determine the relevance of the search for and introduction of alternative stabilisers of the intestinal microbiota of animals in the feed industry. These include phytobiotics – plant preparations that help improve animal productivity and health. The paper presents a review of national and foreign scientific literature on the use of phytogenic feed additives in the feeding of monogastric animals. Specific cases of the use of phytogenic feed additives in the feeding of poultry (broilers, laying hens, turkeys, ducks, quails, geese), pigs, rabbits and horses of different age and sex groups are considered. The results of the effect of phytobiotics on zootechnical indicators of farm animal growth, blood morphology, intestinal microbiota, biochemical characteristics of meat, eggs and other products are presented. Growth stimulating, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and other beneficial properties of phytobiotics prepared from various plant components are described. On the basis of the review, conclusions are drawn on the wide range of plant raw materials used as phytobiotics, the main biologically active compounds that determine the functional properties of the studied preparations, the scope of use of phytobiotics in the feeding of various monogastric animals, and the nature of the effect of additives on economic and biological characteristics of animals.
Food consumption in the russian federation for 1998-2022: challenges and institutional responses
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Migunov R.A.
Published: January 2024

The article studies the dynamics of food consumption in the Russian Federation for 1998–2022. The methodological basis of the presented work is a comprehensive approach, which takes into account the long-term dynamics of food consumption in the Russian Federation, the main macroeconomic indicators and their interrelations in connection with the issues of the development of the food market in our country. For the period 1998–2022, the per capita consumption of food products has increased: fruit and berries by 89.6%, meat and meat products by 62.6%, vegetable oil by 42.2%, vegetables and melons by 35.2%, eggs and egg products by 24.0%, sugar by 12.7%, milk and milk products by 8.2%; the consumption of potatoes has decreased by 20.7%, bread products by 2.2%. The consumption of staple foodstuffs was assessed in relation to the dietary intake levels: above the norm: sugar, vegetable oil, meat and meat products, bread products, eggs and egg products; below the norm: potatoes, milk and dairy products, vegetables and melons, fruit and berries. The hypothesis was confirmed that as the income of the population increases, the consumption of expensive foods in the diet increases, the quality of food improves and the consumption of low quality and/or Giffen goods in the diet of the population may decrease. The influence of seven main indicators of macroeconomic transformation on the consumption of nine staple foodstuffs is shown. The concept of changing the policy of state regulation of the agrarian sector from supply support to demand/consumption support, developing institutions and institutional mechanisms of domestic food aid in Russia is proposed.
Qualitative characteristics of frozen-thawed semen (normal and sexed ) from sires of the Holstein black-and-white breed and the age of puberty of the heifers born from them
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Abilov A.I.
Published: January 2024

A study was carried out to assess the quality of frozen-thawed semen using the sex separation method and the traditional method in a comparative aspect, and the authors believe that the work will be of some interest to specialists in zootechnical and biological fields, as well as to veterinary specialists. The work was carried out at the Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry named after Academy Member L.K. Ernst and on the basis of LLC “Agrofirma Zarya”, Bogorodsky district, Nizhny Novgorod region in the period from 2017 to 2022. usng the semen of eight sires. To assess the quality of the semen, the index of nuclear DNA fragmentation (nDNA) in chromatin was determined, and the activity of spermatozoa was assessed visually and using the Biola AFS‑500 sperm analyser (ZAO Biola, Moscow). On the basis of the studies conducted, it was found that the morphology of the spermatozoa depends on the individual characteristics of the sires; the content of abnormal spermatozoa varies from 2 to 8% when collected by the traditional method and from 4.10 to 15% when collected by the sexing method. A significant difference between the sires is observed in the iDNA fragmentation index – this indicator varies from 2.66 to 8.62% and from 8.50 to 28.57%, respectively. The division of spermatozoa by sex has a direct effect on the quality indicators, leading to a decrease in their activity. This indicator is 11.2% higher in semen obtained by the traditional method than by the alternative technique. The number of abnormal cells in the semen divided by sex is 2.2% higher than in the semen collected by the traditional method, and the proportion of spermatozoa with fragmented iDNA is 7% higher. The velocity of spermatozoa in the studied doses of semen collected using the technique of sex separation was 96–113 μm/s immediately after thawing, and five hours after incubation at +38°C in a thermostat this indicator decreased to the level of 20–34 μm/s. The age of puberty of their calves obtained from the sexed semen from birth to fruitful insemination is 490 days, which is 16 days more than in group I, where heifers were obtained from the semen frozen in the traditional way (TS). The term of fruiting in heifers born from the use of the sexed semen (SS) was 273 days, while that of heifers born from the use of traditionally frozen semen (TS) was 275 days (2 days more). The age of heifers from birth to first calving in the SS group was 762 days and was 14.4 days more than in the TS group, which was 748 days.
Effect of captopril and enalapril on selected coagulation markers in hyperlipidemia
Authors: Irheim Al Sheibani Bassim
Published: January 2024

Background: In addition to their primary indications, hypertension and congestive heart failure, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, ACE-Is, have pleiotropic effects, which are under active investigations. There is growing evidence of data stating the significant role of ACE-Is in the regulation of hemostasis.Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of ACEIs on coagulation in hyperlipidemia.Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight male Sprague-Dawely rats aged 17-19 weeks were enrolled in this study. The animals were randomized into four groups each containg seven rats: group1, 2,3 and 4. Group 1 was fed a standard chow diet and serve as normal diet control while group 2,3 and 4 received atherogenic diet (4% cholesterol-enriched diet) for eight weeks. Animals in group 2, 3 and 4 were treated with distilled water (lipidemic control), captopril and enalapril for the next four weeks respectively. Captopril was used in a dose of 2x25 mg/kg/day P.O. Enalapril was given in a dose of 15 mg /kg/day P.O. At the end of the experiment, the animals were sacrified and blood sample was obtained from the heart for determination of prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), plasma fibrinogen, platelets count and total serum cholesterol (TSC).Results: Hyperlipidemia is associated with significant rise in plasma fibrinogen level (p<0.05). Captopril and enalapril treatment showed significant fall in elevated plasma fibrinogen levels (p<0.05). Hyperlipidemic rats treated with captopril and enalapril for 4 weeks showed significant prolongation of PT and aPTT ( p<0.05) while the platelets counts were statistically unaffected ( p>0.05).Conclusion: We conclude that captopril and enalapril possess favorable effect on coagulation in hyperlipidemia.
Relationship between ADA level and type of bacterial causative agents of chronic Suppurative Otitis media
Authors: S.Naher Habbeb
Published: January 2024

A total of 344 ear swabs were obtained from 300 outpatients. ( 152 were female and 148 were male ) .256 of them had unilateral and 44 had bilateral otorrhea , attending to the ENT-Department at general teaching hospital in Najaf governorate for the period from 1st December 1999 to of July 2000 .all patients submitted to ENT-examination by physicians .in addition to that 3ml of venous blood were aspirated from 41 patients with this disease and 45 normal healthy individuals carefully selected as a control for assessment the adenosine deaminase (ADA) enzyme specific activity . Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( the predominant pathogens in this study ) represented in 21.6 % from all isolates followed by other pathogens which include staphylococcus aureus(18%) Proteus species (14.2%) Echerichia coli(10%) Klebsiella pneumoniae(8.4%) anaerobic bacteria which includes bacteriodes species (3.1%) and peptostreptcoccus species. (2.7%) were also of 41 patients. This activity showed a significant decrease in patients (69.Â± 5.4 U/mg) then in the between three patterns of infection and the level of specific activity of immunoenzyme ADA specific activity were also found between three patterns of infection .in which the Mono â€“ inaction group has a higher activity .there is an association between bacterial infection and the level of specific activity of immunoenzyme ADA.
Ceftriaxone Therapy Vs. Ciprofloxacin In Treatment Of Typhoid Fever In Adult Patients.
Authors: F.Alshaibani Radhi
Published: January 2024

Patients & method: 200 patients attending to the fever consultation unit from January 2008 to March 2009 in Al-dewania teaching hospital diagnosed on the base of clinical and rising widal O titer as typhoid fever patient were randomly equally divided into two groups G1 received ceftriaxone 1gm TID and G2 received ciprofloxacin 500 mg BID, every patient was closely followed by temperature chart for 7 days.Result: 100% of G1 patients were afebrile (5) days after commencement of treatment while only 50% of G2 patients became afebrile (7) days after treatment.Conclusion: this probably warning that resistant for ciprofloxacin is an evolving problem in our community and ceftriaxone is the drug of choice in treatment of typhoid fever.
Haematological And Epidemiological Study Of Visceral Leishmaniasis In Pediatric Patients In Mid-Euphrate Area
Authors: Raheem Tarish Hashim
Published: January 2024

This study was conducted in the Mid-Euphrate region (Al-Qadisya,Najaf and Karbala provinces) during the period from 1/June 2004 to 1/ May 2006. Two types of laboratory tests were used in this study for the diagnosis of visceral  eishmaniasis in suspected patients who attending to the pediatric hospitals in these provinces. The study included 150 child suspected of having visceral leishmaniasis depending on the clinical features, haematological changes and 2 tests (Dipstick and ELISA) were used for the diagnosis the disease. It was found that all children were susceptible for the disease but those who were 13-24 month old are the most susceptible age for all applied tests and the percentage of the positive cases according to the tests were used. The study was showed that all patients entered to the hospitals were suffered from increase of the fever. All patients were admitted to hospitals have had mild splenomegally (1-5 cm) below the costal margin . It was found that both sexes were infected, but the males were more susceptible and the disease was more prevalent in rural areas.
The use of Omp W Gene in Detection of Vibrio cholerae Isolated from Diarrhea Cases of Children in AL-Diwaniya Province
Authors: Aamer Habeeb Thuraya , H. Al-Hamadani Adnan , K. AL-Janabi Jawad
Published: January 2024

A total of 221 stool samples were collected from children suffering from watery diarrhea, less than 15 years old of both genders whom admitted to the Maternity and Children Teaching Hospital in Al- Diwaniya Province, In addition to that, 27 water samples were also collected from three different loci of ALDiwaniya River, at the period of October 2008 to June 2009,in order to evaluate the routine laboratory diagnostic procedures in the diagnosis the multi-serogroups or serotype of Vibrio cholerae strains and compared them with molecular technique as Polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Vibrio cholerae has been isolated and identified by using culturing method in addition to biochemical tests, API 20E diagnostic kit. Serotyping by using polyvalent Vibrio cholerae, O1antisera, and monovalent Ogawa and Inaba revealed that the most of clinical V. cholerae were of serogroup O1, while all the V. cholerae isolated from surface water of AL- Diwanyia river was Non-O1 serogroup. PCR technique was used to detect ompW gene encoding to outer membrane protein of V. cholerae. Based on the PCR results, the rate of Vibrio cholerae isolation from stool samples was 5.9%. PCR results showed that there were high specificity (100%, 100%, 97% and 86%) in detection of Vibrio cholerae strains versus each of cultural, biochemical, API 20E system and serological tests, respectively.
Seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus and toxoplasmosis in cases of miscarriages women in Al-Diwaniyah province
Authors: N. Al-Shimmery Maani , A. Al-Hilaly Hummady , Abbas AI-khafaji Aqeel
Published: January 2024

A total of 125sera were collected from miscarriages women and healthy as control group. Latex agglutination test (LAT) and Enzyme linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) were used to assess the presence of specific antibodies against T.gondii and CMV. 65(43&22) were positive for anti-Toxoplasma antibody. While 74 sera, (54 & 20) were positive for anti-CMV IgG and IgM antibodies respectively.and healthy as control group. Latex agglutination test (LAT) and Enzyme linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) were used to assess the presence of specific antibodies against T.gondii and CMV. 65(43&22) were positive for anti-Toxoplasma antibody. While 74 sera, (54 & 20) were positive for anti-CMV IgG and IgM antibodies respectively Whereas all control group 25 have been found to be negative for both T. gondii and CMV. The occurrence of two pathogens in relation to the residence, age and occupation has been studied. This study was conducted to detect the role of T. gondii and CMV in cases of miscarriage and detect the possible association between the two infections at the Children Maternity Hospital and private laboratories in Al-Diwaniyah Province during the period from November 2009 to march 2010. The study has found that the highest prevalence of Toxoplasmosis recorded for women in the second trimester of pregnancy, whereas in the first trimester for CMV infection and in women with multiple abortions more than with single abortion for both pathogens.
Histopathological study on the effect of antioxidants (vitamin E and selenium) in hepatotoxicity induced by lead acetate in rats
Authors: W. Al-Bideri Adnan
Published: January 2024

The study was carried out to evaluate histopathological changes inrats liver induced by different doses and durations of lead acetate toxicity and to investigate the therapeutic effects of vitamin E and Selenium together against lead poisoning.Thirty two adult male rats (Rattus rattus), randomized into four groups (n=8) were used for this study. In group I rats received only drinking water as control while in   group II , III and IV rats were given o.5%,1%,1.5% lead acetate respectively in drinking water for ten weeks. Two animals from each group were sacrificed and and dissected after five weeks and ten weeks of treatment with lead acetate.One week later animal groups were treated orally with vitamin E and selenium as a daily dose for two weeks(100mg Vit.E and 0.25mg Se/kg B.W) for first week and (200mg Vit.E and 0.5mg Se/kg B.W) for second week respectively. Also two animals from each group were sacrificed at the end of each period.The obtained results showed that lead acetate caused progressive histopathological changes depending upon the duration of exposure and concentration of lead acetate in drinking water but the treatment with antioxidants (vitamin E and Selenium together) decrease the damage to liver cells . It can be concluded that those antioxidants seem to have abenefit effects to recovery the liver tissue lead burden and had a  therapeutic effects against hepatoxicity.
Survey of malformations at birth in Al-najaf Al-ashraf province
Authors: Sallal Abdulhadi , Kadhim Ibadi Atheer , Yassin Abdullah Abdulrazzaq
Published: January 2024

This study was conducted surveys to collect cases of congenital anomalies of the years 2005, 2006.2007 and 2008 live births in the maternity hospital and children in the province of Najaf, where the results were 378 cases deformation (deformation of the brain and neural tube defect, small head size, congenital cardiovascular, lip clefts, palate clefts, the structural defects, hydrocephalus, malformations of the digestive system) of the total 9653 live births, which was increased by 222 (58.7%) case of females, while males were increased by 158 cases (41.3%). The on the basis of the distribution of cases, depending on years of study was the year 2006, more frequent and the least of the past year 2008. The results of this study showed a higher rate of malformations of the brain and spinal cord and the least of which is the spine bifida Over the years of study. In 2005, the more abnormalities (19) the case of mothers aged 24-20 years, but 2006 was the number of cases (69) status of mothers aged 44-40 years, while the year 2007 resembled 2006 more than that age group is 44-40 in the occurrence of cases, and the year2008 were the highest in the age group 29-25 years (35.3%).
Effect of date extracts on the lymphocyte and monocyte cells
Authors: F. Ashraf and Ayat Monem Jihan
Published: January 2024

The effect of dates extracts were determined in human peripheral lymphocyte and monocyte cells using different concentrations of the extracts for three days- there term assay (MTT) was employed. There was no cytotoxic effect of the date extracts on human lymphocyte and monocyte cells. The results showed that the ideal concentrations of different date extracts have a protective effects of tamer (Barhi, Zahdi and Khistawy) to the lymphocyte and monocyte cells and may be that because these date extracts contain antioxidants in various type of dates.