bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and Evaluation of a Smart Contract–Enabled Blockchain System for Home Care Service Innovation: Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Chang Shuchih Ernest , Chen YiChian , Lu MingFang , Luo Hueimin Louis
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

In the home care industry, the assignment and tracking of care services are controlled by care centers that are centralized in nature and prone to inefficient information transmission. A lack of trust among the involved parties, information opaqueness, and large manual manipulation result in lower process efficiency.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to explore and demonstrate the application of blockchain and smart contract technologies to innovate/renovate home care services for harvesting the desired blockchain benefits of process transparency, traceability, and interoperability.

METHODS

An object-oriented analysis/design combined with a unified modeling language tool was used to construct the architecture of the proposed home care service system. System feasibility was evaluated via an implementation test, and a questionnaire survey was performed to collect opinions from home care service respondents knowledgeable about blockchain and smart contracts.

RESULTS

According to the comparative analysis results, the proposed design outperformed the existing system in terms of traceability, system efficiency, and process automation. Moreover, for the questionnaire survey, the quantitative analysis results showed that the proposed blockchain-based system had significantly (P<.001) higher mean scores (when compared with the existing system) in terms of important factors, including timeliness, workflow efficiency, automatic notifications, insurance functionality, and auditable traceability. In summary, blockchain-based home care service participants will be able to enjoy improved efficiency, better transparency, and higher levels of process automation.

CONCLUSIONS

Blockchain and smart contracts can provide valuable benefits to the home care service industry via distributed data management and process automation. The proposed system enhances user experiences by mitigating human intervention and improving service interoperability, transparency/traceability, and real-time response to home care service events. Efforts in exploring and integrating blockchain-based home care services with emerging technologies, such as the internet of things and artificial intelligence, are expected to provide further benefits and therefore are subject to future research.
Evaluating Network Readiness for mHealth Interventions Using the Beacon Mobile Phone App: Application Development and Validation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Scherr Thomas Foster , Moore Carson Paige , Thuma Philip , Wright David Wilson
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

Mobile health (mHealth) interventions have the potential to transform the global health care landscape. The processing power of mobile devices continues to increase, and growth of mobile phone use has been observed worldwide. Uncertainty remains among key stakeholders and decision makers as to whether global health interventions can successfully tap into this trend. However, when correctly implemented, mHealth can reduce geographic, financial, and social barriers to quality health care.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to design and test Beacon, a mobile phone–based tool for evaluating mHealth readiness in global health interventions. Here, we present the results of an application validation study designed to understand the mobile network landscape in and around Macha, Zambia, in 2019.

METHODS

Beacon was developed as an automated mobile phone app that continually collects spatiotemporal data and measures indicators of network performance. Beacon was used in and around Macha, Zambia, in 2019. Results were collected, even in the absence of network connectivity, and asynchronously uploaded to a database for further analysis.

RESULTS

Beacon was used to evaluate three mobile phone networks around Macha. Carriers A and B completed 6820/7034 (97.0%) and 6701/7034 (95.3%) downloads and 1349/1608 (83.9%) and 1431/1608 (89.0%) uploads, respectively, while Carrier C completed only 62/1373 (4.5%) file downloads and 0/1373 (0.0%) file uploads. File downloads generally occurred within 4 to 12 seconds, and their maximum download speeds occurred between 2 AM and 5 AM. A decrease in network performance, demonstrated by increases in upload and download durations, was observed beginning at 5 PM and continued throughout the evening.

CONCLUSIONS

Beacon was able to compare the performance of different cellular networks, show times of day when cellular networks experience heavy loads and slow down, and identify geographic “dead zones” with limited or no cellular service. Beacon is a ready-to-use tool that could be used by organizations that are considering implementing mHealth interventions in low- and middle-income countries but are questioning the feasibility of the interventions, including infrastructure and cost. It could also be used by organizations that are looking to optimize the delivery of an existing mHealth intervention with improved logistics management.
Innate Immune-mediated Antiviral Response to SARS-CoV-2 and Convalescent sera a potential Prophylactic and Therapeutic Agent to Tackle COVID-19 (Preprint)
Authors: Abdullah Abdullah , Faisal Shah
Published: July 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

The whole world is confronting the pandemic of SARS-CoV-2. And unfortunately there is no vaccine to prevent from novel coronavirus infection. Beside several experimental drugs, the strong immune responses and convalescent sera are the current two potential options to tackle COVID-19 infection. When the virus get enter into the lungs the innate immune system activated. Innate immune-mediated antiviral responses is initiated by the recognition of viral invasion through PAMPs. In coronavirus the pathogen associated molecular patterns are recognized by toll like receptors (TLR-3 & 7), endosomal ribonucleic acid receptors, RNA in cytosol and by pattern recognition receptor (PRR RIG-1) in the alveolar cells and site of invasion. Nuclear factor (NF-κB) and interferon regulatory transcription factor (IRF3) are activated in response to above recognition episode and translocate to nucleus. These transcription factors in the nucleus initiate the expression of interferon type 1 and pro-inflammatory cytokine storm, which leads to first line of defense at site of viral entrance. The effectiveness of innate immune system greatly relies on type 1 interferon’s and its cascade, because of their role in inhibition of viral replication and initiation of adaptive immune responses. The successful interferon type 1 response put down the viral replication and transmission at prompt point. Passive immunization is the administering of antibodies into infected patients which is taken from recovered individuals. The convalescent sera of the recovered COVID-19 patients contains antiviral neutralizing antibodies and used for the purpose of prophylaxis in exposed and therapeutically in infected individuals by SARS-CoV-2. The convalescent sera is found effective when administered early at the onset of symptoms.
Optimizing Readability and Format of Plain Language Summaries for Medical Research Articles: Cross-sectional Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Martínez Silvagnoli Leia , Shepherd Caroline , Pritchett James , Gardner Jason
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

Plain language summaries (PLSs) are intended to provide readers with a clear, nontechnical, and easily understandable overview of medical and scientific literature; however, audience preferences for specific PLS formats have yet to be fully explored.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to evaluate the preferred readability level and format for PLSs of medical research articles of different disease states via a web-based survey of audiences of different age groups.

METHODS

Articles describing phase III clinical trials published in top-level, peer-reviewed journals between May 2016 and May 2018 were identified for 3 chronic disease states representing a range of adult patient age groups: (1) psoriasis, a skin disease representative of younger patients; (2) multiple sclerosis (MS), a neurological disease representative of middle-aged patients; and (3) rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a painful joint disease representative of older patients. Four PLSs were developed for each research article, of which 3 were text-only summaries (written with high, medium, and low complexity) and 1 was an infographic. To evaluate each of the 4 PLS formats, a 20-question open survey (specific to one of the 3 diseases) was sent to a representative sample selected via UK-based patient association websites, Twitter, and Facebook patient groups. A weighted-average calculation was applied to respondents’ ranked preferences for each PLS format.

RESULTS

For all 3 articles, the weighted-average preference scores showed that infographic (psoriasis 2.91, MS 2.71, and RA 2.78) and medium-complexity text-based PLS (reading age 14-17 years, US Grade 9-11; psoriasis 2.90; MS 2.47; RA 2.77) were the two most preferred PLS formats.

CONCLUSIONS

Audience preferences should be accounted for when preparing PLSs to accompany peer-reviewed original research articles. Oversimplified text can be viewed negatively, and graphical summaries or medium-complexity text-based summaries appear to be the most popular.
App-Based Versus Standard Six-Minute Walk Test in Pulmonary Hypertension: Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Salvi Dario , Poffley Emma , Tarassenko Lionel , Orchard Elizabeth
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a chronic disease of the pulmonary vasculature that can lead to heart failure and premature death. Assessment of patients with PAH includes performing a 6-minute walk test (6MWT) in clinics. We developed a smartphone app to compute the walked distance (6MWD) indoors, by counting U-turns, and outdoors, by using satellite positioning.

OBJECTIVE

The goal of the research was to assess (1) accuracy of the indoor 6MWTs in clinical settings, (2) validity and test-retest reliability of outdoor 6MWTs in the community, (3) compliance, usability, and acceptance of the app, and (4) feasibility of pulse oximetry during 6MWTs.

METHODS

We tested the app on 30 PAH patients over 6 months. Patients were asked to perform 3 conventional 6MWTs in clinic while using the app in the indoor mode and one or more app-based 6MWTs in outdoor mode in the community per month.

RESULTS

Bland-Altman analysis of 70 pairs of conventional versus app-based indoor 6MWDs suggests that the app is sometimes inaccurate (14.6 m mean difference, lower and upper limit of agreement: –133.35 m to 162.55 m). The comparison of 69 pairs of conventional 6MWDs and community-based outdoor 6MWDs within 7 days shows that community tests are strongly related to those performed in clinic (correlation 0.89), but the interpretation of the distance should consider that differences above the clinically significant threshold are not uncommon. Analysis of 89 pairs of outdoor tests performed by the same patient within 7 days shows that community-based tests are repeatable (intraclass correlation 0.91, standard error of measurement 36.97 m, mean coefficient of variation 12.45%). Questionnaires and semistructured interviews indicate that the app is usable and well accepted, but motivation to use it could be affected if the data are not used for clinical decision, which may explain low compliance in 52% of our cohort. Analysis of pulse oximetry data indicates that conventional pulse oximeters are unreliable if used during a walk.

CONCLUSIONS

App-based outdoor 6MWTs in community settings are valid, repeatable, and well accepted by patients. More studies would be needed to assess the benefits of using the app in clinical practice.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04633538; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04633538
Web-Based Information Seeking Behaviors of Low-Literacy Hispanic Survivors of Breast Cancer: Observational Pilot Study (Preprint)
Authors: Iacobelli Francisco , Dragon Ginger , Mazur Giselle , Guitelman Judith
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

Internet searching is a useful tool for seeking health information and one that can benefit low-literacy populations. However, low-literacy Hispanic survivors of breast cancer do not normally search for health information on the web. For them, the process of searching can be frustrating, as frequent mistakes while typing can result in misleading search results lists. Searches using voice (dictation) are preferred by this population; however, even if an appropriate result list is displayed, low-literacy Hispanic women may be challenged in their ability to fully understand any individual article from that list because of the complexity of the writing.

OBJECTIVE

This observational study aims to explore and describe web-based search behaviors of Hispanic survivors of breast cancer by themselves and with their caregivers, as well as to describe the challenges they face when processing health information on the web.

METHODS

We recruited 7 Hispanic female survivors of breast cancer. They had the option to bring a caregiver. Of the 7 women, 3 (43%) did, totaling 10 women. We administered the Health LiTT health literacy test, a demographic survey, and a breast cancer knowledge assessment. Next, we trained the participants to search on the web with either a keyboard or via voice. Then, they had to find information about 3 guided queries and 1 free-form query related to breast cancer. Participants were allowed to search in English or in Spanish. We video and audio recorded the computer activity of all participants and analyzed it.

RESULTS

We found web articles to be written for a grade level of 11.33 in English and 7.15 in Spanish. We also found that most participants preferred searching using voice but struggled with this modality. Pausing while searching via voice resulted in incomplete search queries, as it confused the search engine. At other times, background noises were detected and included in the search. We also found that participants formulated overly general queries to broaden the results list hoping to find more specific information. In addition, several participants considered their queries satisfied based on information from the snippets on the result lists alone. Finally, participants who spent more time reviewing articles scored higher on the health literacy test.

CONCLUSIONS

Despite the problems of searching using speech, we found a preference for this modality, which suggests a need to avoid potential errors that could appear in written queries. We also found the use of general questions to increase the chances of answers to more specific concerns. Understanding search behaviors and information evaluation strategies for low-literacy Hispanic women survivors of breast cancer is fundamental to designing useful search interfaces that yield relevant and reliable information on the web.

CLINICALTRIAL
Implementation of a Self-Triage Web Application for Suspected COVID-19 and Its Impact on Emergency Call Centers: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Galmiche Simon , Rahbe Eve , Fontanet Arnaud , Dinh Aurélien , Bénézit François , Lescure François-Xavier , Denis Fabrice
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

We developed a self-triage web application for COVID-19 symptoms, which was launched in France in March 2020, when French health authorities recommended all patients with suspected COVID-19 call an emergency phone number.

OBJECTIVE

Our objective was to determine if a self-triage tool could reduce the burden on emergency call centers and help predict increasing burden on hospitals.

METHODS

Users were asked questions about their underlying conditions, sociodemographic status, postal code, and main COVID-19 symptoms. Participants were advised to call an emergency call center if they reported dyspnea or complete loss of appetite for over 24 hours. Data on COVID-19–related calls were collected from 6 emergency call centers and data on COVID-19 hospitalizations were collected from Santé Publique France and the French Ministry of Health. We examined the change in the number of emergency calls before and after the launch of the web application.

RESULTS

From March 17 to April 2, 2020, 735,419 questionnaires were registered in the study area. Of these, 121,370 (16.5%) led to a recommendation to call an emergency center. The peak number of overall questionnaires and of questionnaires leading to a recommendation to call an emergency center were observed on March 22, 2020. In the 17 days preceding the launch of the web application, emergency call centers in the study area registered 66,925 COVID-19–related calls and local hospitals admitted 639 patients for COVID-19; the ratio of emergency calls to hospitalizations for COVID-19 was 104.7 to 1. In the 17 days following the launch of the web application, there were 82,347 emergency calls and 6009 new hospitalizations for COVID-19, a ratio of 13.7 calls to 1 hospitalization (chi-square test: P<.001).

CONCLUSIONS

The self-triage web application launch was followed by a nearly 10-fold increase in COVID-19–related hospitalizations with only a 23% increase in emergency calls. The peak of questionnaire completions preceded the peak of COVID-19–related hospitalizations by 5 days. Although the design of this study does not allow us to conclude that the self-triage tool alone contributed to the alleviation of calls to the emergency call centers, it does suggest that it played a role, and may be used for predicting increasing burden on hospitals.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04331171; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04331171
Education During COVID-19 Outbreak: College of Pharmacy Experience (Preprint)
Authors: Albekairy Abdulkareem M. , Al Harbi Shmeylan , Shawaqfeh Mohammad , Alkatheri Abdulmalik A , Obaidat Aiman , Al Yami Majed , Alwassil Osama , Alakeel Yousif , Almodaimegh Hind
Published: July 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

In response to the announcement of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020, a worldwide closure of schools and educational institutions has been implemented to combat the spread of the disease. This has resulted in transferring from face-to-face teaching to virtual schooling and e-learning to continue the second semester of the academic year 2019-2020. The main objective of this article is to review and reflect on the experience of the College of Pharmacy at King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences in implementing action plans concerning applying e-learning in the delivery of the remaining curriculum and assessment methods after the announcement of COVID-19 pandemic. The feedback of the students was surveyed to address issues of preparedness, attitude and barriers concerning e-learning. Action plans were implemented at the university and the college levels. The educational process went very smooth by e-learning and several assessment methods have been applied in continuous assessment and final examinations. A total of 170 contact hours have been delivered by live broadcasting whereas 125 contact hours were recorded. Minimal number of lectures and topic discussion sessions have been deleted and some have been transferred to the next semester. The survey results indicated good satisfaction of the students in the e-learning process were approximately 75% of them have responded to a survey that was prepared for this purpose. This experience could provide a helpful guidance and insight to deal with such a crisis to rapidly move from regular educational activities by face-to-face teaching to e-learning.
Integrated Digital Patient Education at the Bedside for Patients with Chronic Conditions: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Schooley Benjamin , Singh Akanksha , Hikmet Neşet , Brookshire Robert , Patel Nitin
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

Patient education delivered by a health care provider increases patients’ understanding and adherence to medical instructions, which helps to improve patient health. Multiple challenges exist to delivering effective patient education to patients with multiple chronic conditions, including giving the necessary time, range, and types of learning materials, and assessing the level of understanding. To help overcome these challenges, it is important to study new electronic means to assist in patient education, such as the use of mobile devices, interactive media, 3-dimensional images, and multimedia educational content at the bedside.

OBJECTIVE

The goal of this study was to address the need for blended learning strategies combining technical and workflow integration of digital patient education systems for patients with chronic conditions within and across the regular process of care. Studies are needed to evaluate the utility and benefits of these technologies for providers and patients alike.

METHODS

A mixed-methods approach was employed including survey administration to 178 patients after they received digital patient education in person with a health care provider, and qualitative interviews with 16 nurse educators who used the mobile digital health education technology to deliver instruction to patients. Patient survey data were analyzed using chi-square statistical tests. Qualitative interviews were analyzed for user acceptance and perceived value themes.

RESULTS

Patients who were counseled using a blended digital health education approach reported improved understanding of educational content (P=.034) and chronic health conditions (P<.001), were more motivated to care for themselves at home (P<.001), were more likely to say that they felt capable of making health care decisions with their doctors (P<.001) and on their own (P=.001), and were more likely to report their intention to follow their doctor’s instructions (P<.001) than were patients whose education was not computer-based. Nurse educators felt that the digital education system and content enhanced their education efforts and could be easily integrated into the outpatient clinical workflow.

CONCLUSIONS

Patient education for individuals with chronic conditions may be more effective than traditional formats when provided in blended digital formats supervised by a health care provider.
The Location of Industries: The Effect of Chance or Rational Choice?
Authors: ACACHA-ACAKPO Hortensia Vicentia
Published: July 2020

The choice of location plays a major role in the strategies of firms. They are looking for qualified labor, a potential market, but also infrastructure, good accessibility, etc.: an “optimal” location. Indeed, the location is influenced by a greater or lesser number of factors whose weight and diversity vary greatly from one situation to another and the same factor can exert different influences. So, a single factor cannot explain the location of a firm.This study analyzes the location factors of industrial companies in the commune of Littoral. The data used come from the base of the RGE 2, 2008, and the base of the Statistical and Fiscal Declarations (DSF) available to the INSAE and covers the period from 2012 to 2016. After a descriptive analysis of the companies according to the distance to the center of Cotonou, we have developed a probit model under the STATA software using the factors identified in theoretical and empirical work.It emerges from the descriptive analysis that distance influences the location of industrial enterprises. The tests revealed that the distance, the market across, the sale of the manufactured products and services positively influence the location decision of the companies. So, companies locate in Cotonou to benefit more from the market.
The Effect of Aloe vera and Glycerol Addition on Edible Film of Lesser Yam Starch (Dioscorea esculenta L. Burkill)
Authors: Siskawardani Devi Dwi , Warkoyo Warkoyo , Siwi Anggit Ayu Pradana
Published: July 2020

Edible films are thin layers made from hydrocolloids, lipids, and their combinations, functioning as a barrier to mass transfer. The hydrocolloid source that commonly used for the edible film is starch. Lesser yam has the potential to be developed into food packaging products. It has a high starch yield (21.4%). The starch properties, which usually obstruct the edible film production are not resistant to high temperature, it produces a starch suspension with viscosity and ability to form a gel is not uniform, cannot stand in acidic conditions, does not resist stirring, limited solubility in water, and starch gel is easy to syneresis and brittle. This study aimed to investigate the effect of glycerol and Aloe vera concentration on the physical and mechanical edible film. Randomized complete block design (RCBD) factorial with two factors was adopted. The first factor was Aloe vera concentration (0, 1%, 0.2% and 0.3% b / v), and the second factor wasglycerol concentration (17.5, 22.5 and 27.5% v/b). The parameters tested included thickness, tensile strength, elongation, solubility, transparency, and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR). The results showed an interaction between the addition of glycerol and Aloe vera to thickness, tensile strength, solubility, transparency, and WVTR. The best characteristics of edible film were produced by the addition of glycerol 17.5% and Aloe vera0.1% with the thickness (0.11 mm), tensile strength (2.03 MPa), elongation (15.38%), solubility (64.44%), transparency (2.88 mm-1), and WVTR (13.27 g m-2 24 h-1).
Economic Design of Acceptance Sampling Plans for Truncated Life Tests Using Three-Parameter Lindley Distribution
Authors: Al-Omari Amer Ibrahim , Ciavolino Enrico , Al-Nasser Amjad D.
Published: July 2020

A single acceptance sampling plan for the three-parameter Lindley distribution under a truncated life test is developed. For various consumer’s confidence levels, acceptance numbers, and values of the ratio of the experimental time to the specified average lifetime, the minimum sample size important to assert a certain average lifetime are calculated. The operating characteristic (OC) function values as well as the associated producer’s risks are also provided. A numerical example is presented to illustrate the suggested acceptance sampling plans.
Objectives Driven Participatory Evaluation Model
Authors: Saalman Dustin R.
Published: July 2020

The ability to complete program evaluations of educational programming is typically restricted by the availability of resources, such as time, money and a trained evaluator. Although not a replacement for trained evaluators, promoting evaluative capacity and evaluative thinking within an organization can help mitigate this gap between talent and resources. Participatory evaluation is purported to increase organizational learning and promote evaluative thinking within an organization (Cousins and Whitmore, 1998). Objectives oriented evaluation is an easily understood evaluation method which provides a refined focus program outcome (Madaus and Stufflebeam, 1989). Using an internal evaluation of a new faculty onboarding course at a private non-profit college system, a mixed methods study was completed to explore the use of a participatory evaluation program evaluation with the use of the program objectives as an advanced organizer. An explanatory sequential design was employed utilizing quantitative findings to collect qualitative data to further explore the participants’ experiences completing the program evaluation. This combined evaluation methodology met the criteria posited in Daigneault and Jacob (2009) and Toal (2009) to be considered participatory in its implementation. It also involved participants in ways which provided them experiences which helped develop evaluative thinking, skills, and beliefs.
Crystallization characteristics of B2O3 and TiO2-bearing glassy fluoride-free mold fluxes
Authors: Wang Z. , Shu Q.-F. , Chou K.-C.
Published: July 2020

To explore the effects of TiO2 and/or B2O3 on crystallization of the glassy fluoride-free slag film near the copper mould, the crystallization characteristics of glassy fluoride-free mold fluxes with fluoride being substituted by TiO2 and/or B2O3 were investigated using X- ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) techniques. The glass forming ability index (Kgl) of the glassy fluoride-free mold fluxes was studied using Hruby?s method. The XRD and SEM analysis show that Ca2Al2SiO7, CaTiO3 and CaSiO3 are the dominant crystals of this fluoride-free mold fluxes system. With the content of TiO2 increasing from 0 to 7%, the crystallization of Ca2Al2SiO7 and CaSiO3 are inhibited and the formation of CaTiO3 is also weak, so crystallization tendency of the glassy fluoride-free mold fluxes weakens. But as TiO2 content reaches 10%, the crystallization tendency strengthens because of the strong crystallization of CaTiO3. An increase of B2O3 inhibits the crystallization of calcium silicate, so it weakens the crystallization tendency of the glassy fluoride-free mold fluxes. The crystallization processes of the studied fluoride-free mold fluxes correspond to the surface crystallization mechanism. This research provides important reference for further investigation on the heat transfer behavior of the TiO2 and B2O3-bearing slag between copper mould and slab to evaluate the feasibility of B2O3 and TiO2- bearing fluoride-free mold fluxes.
Salivary flow rate and oral health status in type 2 diabetics
Authors: Cicmil Ana , Govedarica Olivera , Lecic Jelena , Puhalo-Sladoje Dragana , Lukic Ruzica , Cicmil Smiljka , Cakic Sasa
Published: July 2020

Introduction. Decreased salivary flow is frequently associated with numerous
diseases such as diabetes mellitus and may lead to numerous oral diseases.
The aim of this study was to compare salivary flow rate and oral health
status in type 2 diabetics and healthy controls. Material and methods. The
study involved 90 patients, divided into the three groups: 30 with well
controlled (HbA1c<9%), 30 will poorly controlled (HbA1c?9%) diabetes and 30
healthy subjects. The following clinical parameters were determined:
decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT); plaque index (PI), sulcus bleeding
index (SBI), probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL).
Culture of Candida spp. specimens were obtained from tongue dorsum and
inoculated into Sabouraud Dextrose Agar. Saliva was collected using ?a spit
technique?. Results. Highest mean of unstimulated salivary flow was in
healthy subjects; however significant difference between groups was not
observed. Stimulated salivary flow results indicate significant reduction in
diabetics as well as significant relation between metabolic control and
salivary flow. Unstimulated and stimulated salivary flows were negatively
and significantly correlated with periodontal parameters and DMFT.
Conclusion. The present findings indicate that decreased salivary flow rate
could have a significant impact on oral health status in type 2 diabetics.
Doctor-patient communication in medicine and dental medicine
Authors: Sinadinovic Danka , Aleksic-Hajdukovic Irena , Mijomanovic Stevan
Published: July 2020

Doctor-patient communication is a type of institutional communication which
distinct linguistic features can significantly affect patient satisfaction
and treatment outcome. A medical encounter has a clearly defined structure
that has been shifting from clinician-centred to patient-centred. Therefore,
it is of utter importance for prospective doctors and dentists to be aware
of the role of language when communicating with their patients. Given the
fact that working in a medical/dental practice has become increasingly
international, the paper focuses on the role of the English language. New
communicative models and environments such as Computer-Mediated Medical
Communication (CMMC) and Video Interaction Guidance (VIG) are also
presented.
The use of The Legend of Sleepy Hollow in EFL Classrooms
Authors: Diniz Gabriely Cristina Queiroga
Published: July 2020

Considering the value of literary texts as authentic language materials to provide real uses of lexical and syntactic items and interesting subjects for students to connect better with the language. In addition, taking in account the characteristic of light horror presented by Irving in the story proves adaptable for different levels and ages, we should use this factor to attract the student for the subjects of our planning. As the use of literature in language lessons stimulates mostly the use of three skills: reading, writing and speaking. This short article collects activities prepared to help EFL students to advance in these areas, and, by the addition of the video as a resource, which presents a context of leisure and entertainment, and could modify student’s posture and expectations in relation to its use (MORÁN, 1995).
REKONTRUKSI ECORELIGIUS ORANG MELAYU Solusi Penyelamatan Lingkungan
Authors: Thamrin, M.Si Husni
Published: July 2020

Anthropocentric paradigm has distanced humans from nature, as well as causing the humans themselves become exploitative in attitude and do not really care about the nature. In relation, ecological crisis also can be seen as caused by mechanistic-reductionistic-dualistic of Cartesian science. The perspective of anthropocentric is corrected by biocentrism and ecocentrism ethics, particularly Deep Ecology, to re-look at the nature as an ethical community. The concept of ecoculture is already practiced from the beginning by indigenous or traditional societies in elsewhere. The perspective of the human being as an integral part of the nature, and  the behaviour of full of resposibility, full of respect and care about the sustainability of all life in the universe have become perspectives and behaviours of various traditional people. The majority of local wisdom in the maintenance of the environment is still surviving in the midst of shifting currents waves by a pressure of anthropocentric perspective. There is also in a crisis because a pressure of the  influences of a modernization. While others, drifting and eroding in the modernization and the anthropocentric perspective.In that context, ecoculture, particularly Deep Ecology, support for leaving the anthropocentric perspective, and when a holistic life perspective asks for leaving the anthropocentric perspective, the humans are invited to go back to thelocal wisdom, the old wisdom of the indigenous people. in other words, environmental ethics is to urge and invite the people to go back to the ethics of the indigenous people that are still relevant with the times. The essence of this perspective is back to the nature, back to his true identity as an ecological human in the ecoreligion  perspective.
WAWASAN KEINDONESIAAN DALAM TAFSIR AL QUR’AN AL KARIM KARYA MAHMUD YUNUS
Authors: Jamal Khairunnas
Published: July 2020

Tafsir Al Qur'an Al Karim by Mahmud Yunus who is one of the pioneers for the study of tafseer in Indonesian language. As a work of early interpretation, this interpretation of Mahmud Yunus has a peculiarity and gives a unique impression, both from the systematic presentation and the charge in the explorative meaning of the verses of the Qur'an. Among the interesting sides of this commentary are the efforts of the authors to accommodate the phenomena occurring in society at the time. In other words, this commentary is a form of response to the author's anxiety about the problematic common in the Indonesian public, hereinafter referred to as the insight of Indonesian-ness.
STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN AKIDAH AKHLAK MELALUI PENDEKATAN SUFISTIK UNTUK MADRASAH TSANAWIYAH PROPINSI RIAU
Authors: Thamrin, M.Si Husni , Yatimin Yatimin
Published: July 2020

Penelitian tentang Strategi pembelajaran Akidah Akhlak melalui pendekatan sufistik untuk Madrasah Tsanawiyah di Provinsi Riau, merupakan suatu tindakan melatih pikiran siswa sedemikian rupa sehingga dalam sikap hidup dan tindakan dipengaruhi oleh nilai spritual. Mengantar manusia pada prilaku dan perbuatan yang berpedoman pada syari’at Allah.Pembelajaran Akidah Akhlak bukan sekedar “transfer of knowledge” ataupun “transfer of training”. Tetapi lebih merupakan suatu sistem yang di tata di atas pondasi keimanan dan kesalehan. Siklus perkembangan perubahan pembelajaran Akidah Akhlak telah mengikut alur perubahan. Kalau tidak mengikuti alur perubahan, maka pembelajaran Akidah Akhlak akan ketinggalan dari perubahan zaman. Untuk itu pada era tersebut konsep, materi dan kurikulum dihadapkan pada tantangan kehidupan manusia modern, yang serba simpel dan praktis sesuai perkembangan teknologi.Penelitian tentang strategi pembelajaran Akidah Akhlak melalui pendekatan sufistik untuk Madrasah Tsanawiyah merupakan penelitian perpaduan antara penelitian kepustakaan (Library Research), dan penelitian lapangan (Field Research), metode analisis yang digunakan ialah metode content analisis yaitu berangkat dari aksioma bahwa studi tentang proses dan isi komunitas ini merupakan dasar bagi ilmu sosial. Subjek penelitian terdiri Guru Akidah Akhlak dan siswa kelas VII Madrasah Tsanawiyah yang dijadikan sampel di Provinsi Riau. Informan penelitian terdiri dari Kepala madrasah, anggota MGMP Akidah Akhlak dan komponen yang terkait. Tehnik pengumpulan data dengan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Keabsahan data dengan tehnik trianggulasi metode dan sumber. Tehnik analisis data menggunakan metode content analisis yang terdiri dari; pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan verifikasi.Hasil penelitian menujukkan: Pembelajaran Akidah Akhlak melalui pendekatan sufistik untuk madrasah tsanawiyah di Provinsi Riau telah menanamkan tiga aspek civic knowledge, civic disposition, civic skill sesuai dengan realitas. Pada akhir pembelajaran tumbuh kesadaran to regcognation and  the other dalam kehidupan peserta didik yang beragam sehingga diharapkan menjadi smart and good citizenship dalam konteks sebenarnya.
Peningkatan Pengetahuan dan Keterampilan Pangkas Rambut di Kenagarian Sariak Laweh Kecamatan Akabiluru Kabupaten 50 Kota
Authors: Hayatunnufus Hayatunnufus , Yanita Merita , Dewi Siska Miga
Published: July 2020

Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh permintaan dari ibu-ibu PKK Kenagarian Sariak Laweh, Kecamatan Akabiluru, Kabupaten 50 Kota untuk memberikan pelatihan tentang pangkas rambut dalam rangka meningkatkan keterampilan  ibu-ibu anggota PKK. Adapun tujuannya (1) memiliki wawasan kemampuan dan keterampilan tentang pemangkasan rambut, (2)  meningkatkan mutu proses dan hasil pemangkasan rambut, (3) menumbuhkembangkan keterampilan bidang pangkas rambut sehingga bermanfaat untuk diri sendiri dan orang lain, (4) memberi peluang untuk membuka usaha dan meningkatkan usahanya di bidang pangkas rambut sehingga menambahkan in come bagi keluarga. Target luaran kegiatan ini jurnal berISSN dan video kegiatan. Target yang akan dicapai yaitu meningkatkan keterampilan pangkas rambut dan meningkatkan penghasilan keluarga. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di PKK Kenagarian Sariak Laweh, Kecamatan Akabiluru, Kabupaten 50 Kota yang pesertanya terdiri dari 15 orang. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan metode ceramah untuk menyampaikan konsep dasar pemangkasan rambut, demonstrasi bagaimana cara melakukan pangkas rambut, tanya jawab, pelatihan pemangkasan rambut dan diberi bimbingan serta metode resitasi pada saat pelatihan. Hasil yang dicapai pada kegiatan ini peserta memperoleh informasi, penyuluhan, serta keterampilan pangkas rambut, sehingga diharapkan peserta pelatihan membuka usaha salon kecantikan khususnya di bidang pangkas rambut. Hasil penelitian terhadap penilaian program, sangat setuju 56,7%, setuju 43,3%, dan kepuasan 73,3% sangat setuju, 26,7% setuju.
Membangun Makerspace untuk Perpusatkaan Sekolah
Authors: Fatmawati Riya , Nelisa Malta , Habiburrahman Habiburrahman
Published: July 2020

Program Kemitraan Masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pelayanan pada perpustakaan sekolah SMPN 1 Nan Sabaris, Kecamatan Nan Sabaris, Kabupaten Padang Pariaman. Target yang ingin dicapai dalam kegiatan ini adalah, 1) mengadakan makaerspace sebagai media literasi pada siswa sekolah SMPN 1 Nan Sabaris, 2) siswa mempunyai fasilitas untuk bisa mengembangkan ide dan kreatifitas yang dimiliki, 3) pengelola perpustakaan lebih cakap dan memiliki keterampilan yang bisa dimanfaatkan dan bisa di share kepada siswa yang berkunjung pada perpustakaan sekolah SMPN 1 Nan Sabaris Kecamatan Nan Sabaris Kabupaten Padang Pariaman. Metode yang digunakan dalam pelaksanaan ini adalah 1) memberikan satu perangkat computer kepada pengelola perpustakaan sekolah SMPN 1 Nan Sabaris, 2) menginstalkan software-software yang bisa mengembangkan kreatifitas siswa, 3) melatih pengelola perpustakaan dan siswa dalam menggunakan media makerspace. Pelaksanaan kegiatan akan dilakukan selama delapan bulan yang diawali dengan persiapan yang mencakup pemantapan jadwal dan koordinasi dengan pihak sekolah SMPN 1 Nan Sabaris. 1) memberikan sebuah computer berupa laptop untuk perpustakaan sekolah SMPN 1 Nan Sabaris, 2) Menginstalkann software photoshop, software coreldrow dan software google sketcup dan 3) melakukan softskill learning untuk pengelola perpustakaan sekolah beserta siswa sekolah SMPN 1 Nan Sabaris Kecamatan Nan Sabaris Kabupaten Padang Pariaman.
Membangun MakerSpace untuk Perpustakaan Sekolah
Authors: Fatmawati Riya , Nelisa Malta , Habiburrahman Habiburrahman
Published: July 2020

Program
Application of Character Building with Physical Education (CBPE)
Authors: Marheni Eddy , S Afrizal , Purnomo Eko
Published: July 2020

Masalah dalam pengabdian ini berupa rendahnya pendidikan karakter pada siswa SMK. Pengabdian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan karakter yang terbentuk pada mata pelajaran PJOK. Metode yang digunakan adalah demonstrasi dan ceramah. Data dikumpulkan melalui kegiatan observasi dengan bantuan lembar observasi. Selain itu penerapan nilai karakter pada aktivitas jasmani melalui cabang olahraga seperti pencak silat, sepak bola, tarung derajat dan catur secara tidak langsung membiasakan siswa melakukan perbuatan positif atau membentuk karakter positif. Karakter yang terbentuk, yaitu jujur, toleransi, disiplin, kerja keras, kreatif, mandiri, demokratis, rasa ingin tahu, menghargai prestasi, bersahabat/komunikatif, peduli sosial, peduli lingkungan, dan bertanggung jawab. Karakter tersebut merupakan nilai-nilai luhur yang dimiliki oleh bangsa Indonesia yang dapat membekali siswa dalam menghadapi perkembangan IPTEK. Hal ini sejalan dengan keberadaan mata pelajaran PJOK yang sejak awal digunakan untuk menanamkan nilai-nilai moral
Pelatihan Perancangan Kuis dan Video Pembelajaran Interaktif, Sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Kompetensi Pedagogik Guru SLTPN 7 Kota Payakumbuh
Authors: Rahmi Elvi , Cerya Efni
Published: July 2020

Pemanfaatan teknologi digital dalam pembelajaran di SLTPN 7 Kota Payakumbuh masih belum maksimal, baik sebagai media pembelajaran maupun untuk  evaluasi. Metode yang dilakukan dalam pelatihan ini dimulai dengan orientasi materi, setelah dicapai kesepakatan maka  pada saat pelatihan diberikan pemaparan mengenai konsep media, evaluasi dan prosedur bagaimana memanfaatkan aplikasi media pembelajaran interaktif (lectora inspire) dan aplikasi kuis (quiz maker). Setelah tahap pemaparan dilanjutkan dengan diskusi dan tanya jawab mengenai tata cara penggunaan aplikasi lectora inspire dan quiz maker. tahap berikutnya adalah latihan terbimbing, latihan mandiri dan ditutup dengan evaluasi.bHasil yang diperoleh dari pelatihan ini adalah  guru-guru di SLTPN 7 Kota Payakumbuh bisa mendapatkan pengetahuan, keterampilan, dan pengalaman  dalam menggunakan aplikasi lectora inspire dan quiz maker yang berguna untuk meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran
Pelatihan Pembuatan Penilaian Otentik bagi Guru-Guru Bahasa Inggris SMP di Kota Padang
Authors: Fatimah Sitti , Fitrawati Fitrawati , Zainil Yetti
Published: July 2020

Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk mengadakan pelatihan pembuatan penilaian otentik bagi guru-guru Bahasa Inggris SMP di kota Padang. Pelatihan ini diadakan di Forum MGMP (Majelis Guru Mata Pelajaran) yang melibatkan tiga orang dosen Prodi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, Jurusan Bahasa dan Sastra Inggris, Universitas Negeri Padang. Peserta diperkenalkan dengan berbagai bentuk penilaian otentik dan dilatih untuk membuat soal-soal ataupun tugas yang bersifat otentik yang dilakukan dengan latihan terbimbing dan mandiri. Pelatihan ini dilanjutkan melalui email dan aplikasi whats app dimana peserta pelatihan yang mewakili beberapa sekolah mengirimkan soal-soal yang dibuat berdasarkan konsep penilaian otentik. Soal tersebut kemudian dikoreksi dan diberikan masukan dan dikirimkan kembali kepada mereka supaya mereka dapat memperbaiki dan menggunakannya untuk menilai capaian pembelajaran siswa. Dari soal-soal yang dibuat oleh guru pada tahap awal latihan terbimbing masih banyak yang membuat secara tradisional atau belum menerapkan prinsip penilaian otentik. Namun pada tahap berikutnya sudah terlihat pemahaman sebagian guru-guru tersebut.
Strategi Pengembangan Usaha Masyarakat Berbasis Kopi untuk Konservasi Lingkungan
Authors: Yulhendri Yulhendri , Hamdi Hamdi , Ritonga Mentari
Published: July 2020

Pemanfataan sumberdaya lahan yang berlebihan seringkali menimbulkan permasalahan lingkungan dikemudian hari. Kerusakan tersebut tidak terlepas dari aktivitas pemanfaatan hutan alam yang terus dikonversi guna keperluan manusia, seperti untuk lahan perkebunan, pemukiman, pembukaan lahan, jalan, dan hutan tanam industri. Kabupaten Pasaman memiliki potensi kekayaan yang beragam meliputi sumberdaya hutan, pertanian, perkebunan, perairan darat, dan berbagai jenis bahan tambang. Hasil pemantauan dari udara terlihat bahwa lebih dari 80% wilayah hutan di Kabupaten Pasaman masih dalam bentuk hutan dan pepohonan hijau, baik itu tanaman perkebunan rakyat maupun hutan primer yang masih terjaga dengan baik. Hal ini didukung dengan letak Kabupaten Pasaman yang merupakan daerah hulu sungai yang mengalir dari arah Barat Pasaman ke Timur. Daerah aliran sungai inilah yang dijadikan masyarakat setempat sebagai sumber kehidupan usaha berjalan. Daerah Mapattunggul Selatan merupakan salah satu daerah di Kabupaten Pasaman yang menjadi sumber air bagi daerah lain di Kabupaten Pasaman, 50 Kota, dan Provinsi Riau, sehingga penggunaan secara intensif atas tanah di Nagari ini akan mempengaruhi kehidupan masyarakat di daerah aliran sungai (DAS) di Sumbar dan Riau. Maka perlu dilakukan sosialisasi dan Pendidikan bagi masyarakat agar pengelolaan alam, lahan dan tanah memperhatikan aspek lingkungan sehingga bisa membantu keseimbangan lingkungan di daerah sekitar.
Pelatihan merancang Jumping Task melalui penerapan Lesson Study for Learning Community (LSLC) bagi guru-guru Bahasa Inggris di MTSN 1 & 6 Padang
Authors: Rozimela Yenni , Anwar Desvalini
Published: July 2020

Kegiatan pelatihan merancang Jumping Task melalui penerapan Lesson Study for Learning Community (LSLC) bagi guru-guru Bahasa Inggris di MTSN 1 & 6 Padang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman dan keterampilan guru dalam mengintegrasikan aktivitas-aktivitas belajar yang dapat mengasah keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi dan kritis siswa atau yang dikenal dengan istilah HOTS (High Order Thinking Skill). Jumping Task adalah sejenis tugas yang yang bersifat menantang yang dirancang guru agar siswa-siswanya dapat mengerahkan segenap usaha maksimalnya untuk menyelesaikannya. Tugas-tugas atau latihan-latihan berbasis Jumping Task mendorong siswa untuk tidak hanya berpikir kritis dan kreatif tetapi juga mengembangkan sikap dan nilai-nilai kerja sama atau kolaborasi. Lewat pemberian tugas Jumping Task yang dirancang guru diharapkan siswa menjadi terbiasa berkolaborasi dengan teman sejawatnya, saling berinteraksi dan mengembangkan sikap saling menghargai satu sama lainnya. Kegiatan pelatihan yang berlangsung selama lima kali pertemuan ini melibatkan dua orang dosen sebagai narasumber dan 15 orang guru Bahasa Inggris dari MTSN 1 & MTSN 6 Padang. Pelatihan diisi dengan kegiatan memberikan Pre-Test, pemaparan materi, tanya jawab, merancang latihan-latihan Jumping Task, presentasi, memberikan Post-Test dan melakukan  refleksi.