bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Collagen-based hydrogel functionalized with rhBMP-2
Authors: Galitsyna E V , Bukharova T B , Vasilyev A V , Osidak E O , Domogatsky S P , Goldshtein D V
Published: September 2020

The study showed the cytocompatibility, matrix, and osteoinductive properties of collagen-fibronectin hydrogel impregnated with rhBMP-2. After 7 days of MSCs incubated with osteoplastic material the cell viability was 93.4 ± 3.6%. Expression of osteoblast-related genes after 14 days was increased by 1.4-4.8 times. Furthermore alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium ion quantity in cell lysates were increased by 2 and 2.7 times. It was accompanied by extracellular matrix mineralization. The results indicate that rhBMP-2 fully retains its activity inside the collagen-based material. The use of rhBMP-2 at a concentration of 1 μg/ml was ineffective and unable to induce osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. An effective osteoinductive concentration of rhBMP-2 was determined as 10 μg/ml.
The effect of combustion of methyl hydroxide in the CI on toxic indicators is characteristic of changes in load and speed
Authors: Likhanov V A , Anfilatov A A
Published: September 2020

It should be noted that the harmful substances emitted by manufacturing enterprises are concentrated over a huge radius in a certain area, and the EG of automobiles are distributed throughout the territory of the settlement. At the same time, cars pollute the atmosphere with hydrocarbons and NOx by 30%, carbon oxides by 90%. Under adverse conditions, toxic mists are formed in the surface layers of the atmosphere, the so-called smogs, which contain toxic components of EG - hydrocarbons and NOx. There are over 100 different components in the EG of automobile motors, most of which are toxic. The approximate composition of the EG of gasoline and CI motors. The reason for the formation of hydrocarbons CH is the heterogeneity of the composition of the combustible mixture in the combustion chamber of the motor, as well as the unevenness of temperature and pressure in its various parts. In some combustion zones, the fuel practically does not burn out, as the chain reaction of hydrocarbon oxidation breaks.
Algological assessment of oil pollution in ecotonic ecosystems
Authors: Sharipova M Yu , Dubovik I E , Putenikhin V P , Akhmedyanov D I , Gabidullina G F , Gulamanova G A , Teltsova L Z , Turyanova R R
Published: September 2020

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of oil pollution on the transformation of algocenoses of water-ground ecotone. The species composition, abundance, occurrence of cyanobacteria and algae in water-ground ecotone under the influence of oil pollution has been studied. A comparison of the algoflora of different ecotone sites was made taking into account the nature of the higher plants. Sixty-five taxa of algae were identified with a rank below the genus belonging to the 4th divisions. The division dominant in the number of species is Bacillariophyta (37%), Cyanoprokaryota (Cyanophyta) (31%), Chlorophyta (27%), Xanthophyta (5%). The leading families were Pseudanabaenaceae, Phormidiaceae, Cocconeidaceae. Among the genera, the genus Leptolyngbya is in first place. The littoral zone of the lake was dominated by diatomic algae. A wide range of species of cyanobacteria and green algae were observed in soil samples, leading families and genera by species occurrence were members of the families Nostocaceae, Pseudanabaenaceae. Environmental analysis has shown that hydrophilic and edadophilic species belonging to P-, Ch-, CF-, C and B-life forms play a significant role in the formation of soil algae communities. The nature of the higher plants is less than oil pollution determines the composition of the algoflora. With the emergence of oil contamination in the ecotone, the number of cyanobacteria and algae, the survival rate of soil algae and, to a lesser extent, benthic species is reduced.
Estimation of reclamation conditions for technogenic landscapes in Khakassia
Authors: Gurkova Evgenia , Androkhanov Vladimir
Published: September 2020

This article presents the results of complex assessment of the resources needed to carry out the reclamation of technogenic landscapes at coal-mining enterprises in Khakasia. An assessment based on analysis of regional natural factors (climate, soil-forming rocks, soil and vegetation cover). According to the results, regionalization of the territory by resource availability was carried out. It is shown that the region is characterized by a deficit of moisture, which is growing from south to north. The resources of potentially fertile rocks and the fertile soil layer range from acute deficiency to sufficient. In the southern part of Khakasia, where coal mining sections are located, insufficient resources of the fertile soil layer are noted. In such conditions, the implementation of the main areas of reclamation is limited.
The influence of natural geochemical provinces on the drinking water quality and the public health risk formation
Authors: Kleyn S V , Zaitseva N V , May I V , Glukhikh M V , Aristov V A
Published: September 2020

The high content of chemical elements in the sources of drinking water in addition to anthropogenic contamination may be due to the presence of the source in a particular geochemical provinces, creating the initially high background levels of chemicals of concern in water. It was found that among 14 geochemical provinces of Perm region in 4 there was the excess of the maximum allowable concentrations in water sources: the manganese to 2.3 MAC and strontium to 17.0 MAC. It is shown that, despite the use of modern methods of water treatment used in the economic activity and for the purpose of drinking water, in drinking water after treatment manganese, fluorine, strontium, beryllium and Nickel exceeding to 20.0 MPC, substance characteristic water sources within the boundaries of the geochemical provinces, are recorded. The event production control does not always include a program of sampling on the specific geochemical provinces of the substance, such as boron, bromine, barium, etc. In the course of the assessment of health risk from consumption of drinking water from sources located within the boundaries of geochemical provinces obtained that the coefficients of the danger (HQ) exceeded the acceptable level to 2.2 times for a number of substances, and the hazard index (HI) of health disorders exceeded the permissible level up to 2.5 times. The total contribution of the typical geochemical provinces of substances has reached 100,0 % for some organs and target systems.
The main technologies of protection against corrosion of the body and welds of LADA VESTA and LADA LARGUS cars used in agricultural production
Authors: Skryabin M L
Published: September 2020

Protection of passenger cars involved in agricultural work and maintenance of agricultural machinery from corrosion contributes to accident-free and long-term operation. A special feature of passenger cars used in agricultural production is the seasonality of its use. The durability of the body, the most expensive element of the car, during normal operation is regulated by the corrosion resistance of the panels. The most susceptible to corrosion are the wings, sills, underbody, and wheel arches. The article deals with the main models of «AVTOVAZ» cars and methods of applying paint coatings to the elements of body parts. The advantages and disadvantages of cataphoresis and anaphoresis coatings are also considered.
The formation of soot in the cylinder of a diesel engine when operating on methanol-containing motor fuel
Authors: Chuprakov A I , Anfilatov A A , Chuvashev A N
Published: September 2020

The chemistry of the formation of soot particles in a cylinder of a diesel engine when working on alternative motor fuel in the form of an emulsion containing methanol alcohol is considered. One of the most dangerous toxic components of liquid fuel combustion products is soot. Therefore, it is necessary to find ways to reduce its content. To do this, you need to know the methods and stages of soot formation, which affect the final concentration by weight. The most important task can be called the determination of the prevailing mechanisms of the appearance of soot in the combustion of liquid fuels in the cylinders of engines. A variable zonal model of soot formation in a 4 H 11.0 / 12.5 high-speed diesel engine is presented when working on an alternative emulsified alcohol fuel - methanol-fuel emulsion. The stages of the formation of carbon particles during the oxidation of fuel inside the cylinder are considered.
Application of ethanol fuel emulsion in diesel engines
Authors: Likhanov V A , Chuvashev A N , Chuprakov A I
Published: September 2020

The article analyzes experimental data obtained during bench tests of tractor diesel 4CH 11.0/12.5 using alternative fuelethanol. Ethanol was supplied to the diesel cylinder as part of an emulsion, this method allows for minor modifications of the diesel fuel system to use alternative fuel with a sufficiently high efficiency. In the Vyatka state agricultural Academy on the basis of the Department of heat engines, cars and tractors, a diesel engine was developed to work on ethanol-fuel emulsion. The article substantiates the possibility of establishing the maximum permissible concentration of ethanol in the emulsion for this diesel, it is 25% of the total fuel and provides sufficient conditions for the organization of a stable combustion process without skipping ignition. The article presents experimental studies of the working process of diesel when working on ethanol-fuel emulsion, which were brought to the maximum.
Autoimmune thyroiditis with systemic idiopathic fibrosis in horses
Authors: Smolentsev Sergey Yu , Gasanov Alizade S , Zukhrabov Mirzabek G , Zukhrabova Zulfiyat M , Shorkina Olga I , Mukhutdinova Dina M , Shageeva Alfiya R
Published: September 2020

The article deals with the autopsy materials of the Friesian breed domestic horse (Equus ferus caballus). It presents the research on tissues’ and organs’ histological examination as well as materials from the case record. New nosology for this species and breed has been revealed for the first time for the animal under examination. It was chronic inflammatory thyroid disease of the autoimmune genesis in the hyperthyroid stage which caused the systemic idiopathic fibrosis. Previously this nosology was neither revealed nor described in the Russian and foreign literature sources. The article presents materials from the case record where animal’s clinical condition has been assessed. The description of pathoanatomical and morphological changes in the thyroid tissues in the detected autoimmune thyroiditis and associated pathological processes in the organs and tissues of the studied animal was given. The systemic idiopathic fibrosis associated with thyroiditis condition was described. The features of the blood serum metabolic profile according to the enzymes content, substrates and minerals were presented. The assessment of the thyroid gland endocrine status of total thyroxine (tT4) and total triiodothyronine (tT3) has been made. The level of which was 184.0 nmol/l and 7.9 nmol/l respectively. The data indicating the presence of an autoimmune process in relation to thyroid antigens have been traced. The level of antibodies to thyroglobulin and antibodies to thyroperoxidase was 9.7 IU/ml and 98 IU/ml respectively.
Effects of crop rotation, pesticides and fertilizers on wheat seed contamination with seed-borne Fusarium pathogens
Authors: Keler V V , Khizhnyak S V , Eskova E N
Published: September 2020

The effects of previous crop, fertilizers and pesticides on wheat seed contamination with seed-borne Fusarium pathogens were studied in field experiment. It was found that the Fusarium incidence statistically significantly depend on the previous crop. In case of wheat as the previous crop average Fusarium incidence was 65.0%. Fallow based crop rotation reduced average Fusarium incidence to 54.2%. Applying pesticides during vegetation statistically significantly reduced incidence of Fusarium from 76.7 to 53.3% in case of wheat as the previous crop but was not effective in case of fallow. Fertilizers significantly reduced incidence of Fusarium from 68.3 to 40.0% in case of fallow but had no effect in case of wheat as the previous crop. Basing on the results of our experiment we can recommend the use of fallow in crop rotation scheme as a way to reduce contamination of wheat seeds with seed-borne Fusarium.
Virological research as an integral part of complex monitoring of fish diseases
Authors: Zavyalova E A
Published: September 2020

In the early 2000s, there were no russian test systems for detecting fish viruses, the work was carried out in cell cultures and in the neutralization reaction, which is effective, but the result was obtained no earlier than 10 days, simultaneously with the release of the virus in the cell culture, which undoubtedly increased the time of diagnosis. In 2009, the addition of existing methods to polymerase chain reaction and enzyme linked immunoassay methods made it possible to detect not only open forms of the disease, but also virus carriers, which is the most important information in the organization of cross-border transport of hydrobionts. Systematic comprehensive diagnostic studies in fish farms have allowed us to get a clear idea of the epizootic situation and identify areas of trouble for viral fish diseases and take timely measures to stop the disease.
Biodiversity: structure, problems and conservation prospects
Authors: Petrisheva T Yu , Morgacheva N V
Published: September 2020

Conducting multi-year integrated monitoring research is important for biodiversity conservation. Results of such research are defined by not only discovery of wide range of rare or endangered plant species but also identification of locations with predominance of these species but not having conservation status. All these are necessary for clear organization of nature conservation system that intends to conserve biodiversity of the whole flora. The conduct of the work on identification of flora samples of different rarity category must be started in the specific locations and regions. Consolidation of the obtained results through the establishment of database will enable to see the whole problem that will relieve further measure development for specific species conservation, their population and will allow maintaining ecosystem balance on the whole.
Changes in humus content in sod-podzolic soils as a result of agricultural use
Authors: Zamyatin S A , Efimova A Yr , Maksimova R B , Maksutkin C A , Zolotareva R I , Maksimov V A , Zamyatina T G
Published: September 2020

The purpose of the research is to study the effect of long-term application of fertilizers on the dynamics of humus in the sod-podzolic medium-loam soil of the Republic of Mari El. It was found that in the control grain-grass crop rotation on the natural soil fertility for 24 years, the humus content in the soil gradually decreased. By the end of the second rotation, it decreased by 0.03%, in the third-by another 0.08 % and the fourth-by 0.02 %. The content of humus in the soil of the first fruit-bearing crop rotation decreased even more intensively than in the control. In 2001, the content of humus in the natural soil fertility decreased by 0.05% compared to the initial state. In 2007, at the end of the second rotation, humus in the first crop rotation decreased by 0.09…0.10 % from the initial state. In 2013 - by 0.16…0.17 %. The lowest humus content- 1.55 % for all the time of research was in the soil of the first fruit-bearing crop rotation at the end of the Quad rotation against the background of natural soil fertility. The difference compared to the initial state in this variant was -0.17 %. The highest humus content was in the soil of the second crop rotation, where rotted manure was applied under potatoes-80 t / ha. By the end of the first rotation, the humus content in the soil of the crop rotation increased by 0.03…0.04 %. By the end of the second-by 0.11% relative to the first rotation, the third-by 0.10…0.12 %, the fourth-by 0.20…0.21 %. Against a background without fertilizers, the humus content was always higher than when using N60P60K60. The most stable humus content was in the soil of the third crop rotation. In this rotation of six fields, two fields were under perennial legumes. During three rotations, the content of humus in the soil in this crop rotation was within the range of 1.72…1.74 %. Only after the fourth rotation, the humus content decreased to 1.70…1.73 %.
The impact of the Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W.P. C.Barton extract on the immune response in animals
Authors: Kusheev Ch B , Kutaev E M , Lomboeva S S , Khobrakova V B , Pavlov S A
Published: September 2020

With the water-alcohol extraction method was obtained liquid extract from Chimaphila umbellata (L.)W.P.C. Barton. Experimental studies on the azathioprine immunosuppression model showed a pronounced opposition to the development of a secondary immunodeficiency state under the influence of 14-day course use of a dealcoholized extract of the aerial part of Chimaphila umbellata (L.)W. P.C.Barton. The results of the humoral state assessment and cellular link of the immune response in F1 line laboratory mice (C57B1 / 6 × CBA) indicate that the plant extracts: 1. Restores the immune status by the delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction to 85.6%, with 100% in the intact control and 69.9 in the control - azathioprine. 2. Influences the number of antibody-forming cells, significantly increasing their absolute value by 2.36, and the relative - by 1.84 times in comparison with control-azathioprine. The immunocorrecting activity of umbellata wintergreen Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W. P. C.Barton extract is consistent with previously obtained results on the study of antipyretic, analgesic, antimicrobial, and wound healing anti-inflammatory effects.
Ascarids infestation of captive big cats (Felidae) in zoos
Authors: Panova O A , Khrustalev A V
Published: September 2020

Parasitological studies are an important part of veterinary control when keeping wild and endangered species of animals in captive breeding. For three years we watched felines (Felidae) in zoos In 49.2% of feces samples, nematodes were found: Toxascaris leonina and Toxocara cati. Infection with toxascaris in half of the snow leopard (Uncia uncia), all cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus) and one puma (Puma concolor) was recorded regularly during 3 years of research, T. leonina eggs were found in the soil of the enclosures of these animals. This allows to talk about a stable area of invasion. The most probable way of introducing T. cati nematode into the animal population of the zoo with an animal brought from the wild was noted. Measures for the complete rescue of the territory of zoos and animals from ascaridids require an integrated approach and further improvement.
Arctic high-mountain, steppe and nemoral species in the Angara-Chun interfluve flora
Authors: Yuzefovich F S , Tupitsyna N N
Published: September 2020

The article describes the species that are common in the Angara-Chun interfluve (Central Siberian Plateau) - pliocene steppe and nemoral, pleistocene glacial and steppe, most of which are characterized by: a disjunctive range with no anthropogenic causes; the rarity of the species; small number of individuals, spatial limitation; shrinking habitat; disharmony with modern conditions. Nemoral relict species on the territory of the Angara-Chun interfluve are within the range, or on its northern or northwestern border. For species, region-zone confinement, chorological group, occurrence, abundance according to O. Drud are indicated.
Etiology and diagnosis of the gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases of calves in the farms of the Vologda region
Authors: Makarova V N , Badeeva O B , Simanova I N , Korukina M V
Published: September 2020

The article reflects the statistical, bacteriological, virological and molecular genetic research results. In 2019, the proportion of gastrointestinal pathologies in the total incidence of young animals was 37.6 + 0.7%. On average, over the past five years, 46.6 + 0.7% of born calves have been ill. Gastrointestinal diseases are recorded mainly in young animals under the age of 3 months. Of the number of cases, 43.3% die from birth to 10 days, 31.7% from 11 to 30 days, and 15.8% of calves from one to three months. The proportion of infectious diseases is 0.36% of the total incidence of animals. 152 studies were carried out, including: 39 fecal specimen by ELISA, 30 molecular genetic (PCR), bacteriological - 83 samples of biomaterial from dead and sick animals. 107 microorganism cultures have been identified. According to the ELISA, the most frequently detected antigens were causative agents of coronavirus - 33.3%, rotavirus - 30.8%, the causative agent of viral diarrhea - in 15.4% of cases. In 96.8% of cases, the causative agents of viral infections were identified in the associations: coronavirus and rotavirus (43.3%), coronavirus, rotavirus and viral diarrhea (36.7%), coronavirus and viral diarrhea (20.0%). In 22.2% of the samples, PCR was used to detect the herpes virus type 5 gene in rinses from calves’s nasal cavity. As a result of bacteriological studies, a change in the spectrum of cultures of microorganisms isolated from pathological material was noted. The percentage of unidentified crops decreased by 2.6 times. Given the results, we propose to include in the scheme of diagnostic studies for mixed infections additional studies: feces for viral infections by ELISA; crops of primary pathological material and feces should be carried out additionally on accumulation media; PCR analysis of swabs from the nasal cavity, blood; during bacteriological examination, consider the allocation of microorganisms: Pseudomonas, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus.
The effectiveness of belmin in feeding of female arctic foxes (Vulpes lagopus L.) to increase reproductive functions
Authors: Beketov S V , Toporova L V , Gryaditskaya L V , Ruchkina Z S
Published: September 2020

The article presents the results of tests of protein-organic additives on pregnant female Arctic foxes. The criteria for assessing the impact on the productivity of females of arctic fox and the number of missing, poor and disadvantaged females gave birth, fertility, the number of mothers who are good reproduction, number of stillborn puppies, preservation of offspring before registration and the number of puppies in terms of the main female. During the experiments, it was found that the inclusion in the number of pregnant females should be 1,5 grams per day, which leads to a decrease in the number of stillborn puppies and, with, as a consequence, an increase in the number of young animals to be deposited.
Mobile humus response of alluvial dark humus soil in the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe for vermicompost application
Authors: Ulyanova O A , Butenko M S , Rechkin I A , Zhulanova V N , Martynova O V
Published: September 2020

The paper studied the vermicompost effect on the humus content and its mobile forms in alluvial dark humus soil in the conditions of field experience in potato cultivation in the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe. The tendency to increase the soil humus content under the action of vermicompost is shown. The use of the latter helped to strengthen the process of humification and the stable structures formation, thereby ensuring the stable humus state.
The effect of unconventional mineral mixtures on the nutrient digestibility of broiler chicken feed
Authors: Tyurina L E , Tabakov N A , Lefler T F , Turitsyna E G , Volkova A G
Published: September 2020

The article presents the results of the influence of the mineral mixture using local raw materials on the physiological parameters of broiler chickens of “Ross 308” cross. The studies were conducted on the basis of YeniseiAgroSoyuz LLC of the Sukhobuzim district of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, and the stock-raising farm of the Institute of Applied Biotechnology and Veterinary Medicine of FSBEI HE Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University. The aim of the research was to study the effect of the mineral mixture using local raw materials in feeding broiler chickens. It has been found that a mineral mixture containing limestone, monocalcium phosphate, oxidized brown coal, belite sludge, peat, and vermiculite improves the nutrient digestibility of broiler chicken feed.
Studying the diet of wild reindeer (forest subspecies) (Rangifer Tarandus L.) in the territory of the Middle Yenisei taiga
Authors: Kochkarev P V , Zarubin D S , Maslova E S
Published: September 2020

Despite the big number of studies dedicated to the nutrition of the wild tundra reindeer, there are hardly any data found in Russian or foreign literature on the nutrition of the forest subspecies of the wild reindeer in the Middle Yenisei taiga. The studies carried out in the zone of overlapping winter habitats of the forest and tundra reindeer are of special interest. Since the research covered the territory of a special protected natural area, it was decided to use the non-invasive method of coprological cuticular analysis. As a result of the compositional analysis of the March reindeer faeces, some fragments of the flowering plants, lichens and mosses were found in the collected samples. As a result, it was found that in March and April the main fodder of the reindeer residing in the territory of the Middle Siberia were the flowering plants of the Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and Equisetum families.
The issue of the change of the climatic conditions of the Rostov region of the Russian Federation
Authors: Zhidkova A Y , Zarubina R V , Panova V A , Saenko N M
Published: September 2020

The study raises an urgent and important problem of the climate change. The research area is the Rostov region of the Russian Federation. The paper considers the features of the change of the climatic conditions of the region and assesses the consequences. The dynamics of the average monthly temperature in January and July in Rostov-on-Don, as well as its average annual precipitation from 1970 to 2019, is analyzed. The research is based on the weather chronicle of the Rostov region. Over the past 60 years, there had been a steady increase in the average monthly temperatures. The work also considers the issue of desertification processes in the study area, its impact on human life activity.
Methods of creation and characterization of specialized quail meat breed
Authors: Anshakov D V , Royter Ya S , Degtyareva T N , Degtyareva O N
Published: September 2020

The work was performed in the Gene Pool LLC of the Moscow Region. The goal was to create meat quail adapted to the feeding and keeping conditions traditional for Russia. The initial genetic material was the pharaoh and Texas white breeds, which are stored in the bioresource farm collection. As a result of reproductive crosses of birds of these breeds, individuals with almost white plumage color and satisfactory productive indicators were isolated. To increase the efficiency of poultry breeding during the selection of quail of this group, complex polygenic constructions of quantitative characters were used, linking them with the adaptive ability of the bird at the stages of growth, development and productivity. This allowed to improve the meat form of physique for 11 generations of selection, increase the live weight of quail at the slaughter age by 26.1%, increase the yield of quail from the laying hen by 8.3%. Comparative tests showed that the cost of production from the created poultry was lower than that of the original breeds: Pharaoh by 32.9%; Texas White - 12.0%. The breed was called Radonezh (patent No. 6999), the bird is recommended for breeding in industrial, farming and individual subsidiary farms of the population.
Ecological and agrochemical assessment of the effect of fertilizers on the behavior of cadmium and lead in soil
Authors: Morozova T S , Geltukhina V I , Manokhina L A , Kolesnichenko E Y
Published: September 2020

In the southwestern part of the Central Chernozem Region, mineral fertilizers enhance the mineralization of organic matter. The introduction of manure contributed to an increase in the content of humus in the soil. The maximum humus content in the soil - 5.23% was noted in the variant with aftereffect of 80 t/ha of manure. Between 2013 and 2019, the application of mineral fertilizers led to acidification of the soil solution. The effect of manure at a dose of 40 t/ha and the application of mineral fertilizers at a dose of N90P60К60 against the aftereffect of 80 t/ha of manure has a positive effect on the reaction of the soil environment, the absolute pHKCL increases to 5.88 units and 5.84 units respectively, which corresponds to a neutral soil reaction. Regular application of mineral and organic fertilizers and their joint application change the content of active forms of cadmium in the soil. The systematic application of mineral fertilizers, organic fertilizers and the application of mineral fertilizers against the manure aftereffect leads to an increase in active forms of cadmium in the soil and, therefore, can have a negative impact on the agroecological state of the soil. The use of fertilizers in different doses did not significantly affect the change in the content of gross forms of cadmium, however, its slight increase was observed in all cases, its content in the soil was 0.38-0.14 mg/kg lower than the UEC. The highest content of gross forms of cadmium was noted on variants with the introduction of mineral fertilizers against the aftereffect of manure. The mobility coefficient of cadmium from 2013 to 2019 changed upwards in the variants with the introduction of mineral fertilizers, aftereffect of manure and the introduction of mineral fertilizers against the aftereffect of 40 t/ha of manure. The introduction of mineral fertilizers against a background of 80 t / ha of manure led to a decrease in the cadmium mobility coefficient.
The effect of natural salt of various concentrations on the chernozem chemical properties
Authors: Kurachenko N L , Ulyanova O A , Vlasenko O A , Casanova E Yu
Published: September 2020

In the laboratory experiment, the effect of natural salt with herbicidal activity on the chemical properties of the soil is evaluated. To study the mechanism of action of natural salt with a concentration of 1, 5, 10, 15, and 20% on the plant-soil system and the change in chemical state, untreated natural brines of the Troitsk deposit in the Krasnoyarsk Territory were used. Studies have found that the use of natural salt as a herbicide determined alkalinization of the soil by 0.2-0.7 units pH while maintaining a neutral reaction of the soil solution, increasing the amount of exchange bases by 1.0 mmol / 100g, changing the composition of the aqueous extract. The maximum amount of toxic salts with a predominance of NaCl in the aqueous extract was found in the case of a 5% concentration of natural salt. A salt concentration of 5 and 10% determined strong salinization of the soil, 15 and 20% - strong. The concentration of natural salt of 5% and above determined the possibility of further soil alkalinization.
Perspectives of the use of bacteriophages in agriculture, food and processing industries
Authors: Smirnov D D , Kapustin A V , Yakimova E A , Savinov V A , Laishevtsev A I
Published: September 2020

The need to reduce excessive, and often not rational, use of antibiotics in bacteriosis treatment and prevention is acknowledged unanimously by representatives of medicine and veterinary medicine. One of the most important tasks for relevant research and productive organizations is finding the alternative treatments for bacterial infections in view of the growing trend of the increasing of antibiotic resistance. Against this background, limiting the use of antibiotics and developing new antibacterial agents is a priority. This review reflects the current view of specialized departments, government and public structures, business community on the field of application of antibacterial agents, including on the basis of bacteriophages. The work explains the feasibility of minimizing and rationalizing the use of antibiotics. There is also described the history of the researches about bacteriophages, their properties, peculiarities of application and examples of the use of bacteriophages in medicine and veterinary medicine, as well as in food and processing industries. Bacteriophages are a complete antibacterial agent which can be used not only in the direction of treatment and prevention of infectious diseases, but also in the field of biodesinfection, biodecontamination and bioconservation.
Assessment of biological productivity of modal spruce forests in the taiga zone based on modeling the growth of stands
Authors: Sul’tson S M , Mikhaylov P V , Verkhovets S V , Goroshko A A , Kulakov S S
Published: September 2020

The article provides information on the biological productivity of spruce stands of the Siberian green-moss group of forest types in the taiga zone (Southern ecoregions), which reflects the dynamics of the phytomass fractional composition and the carbon stock in them. The normative reference tables are developed on the basis of mathematical modeling of growth processes in combination with the conversion-volume method for determining the volume of phytomass and its fractional composition based on deposited carbon. Tables of biological productivity of spruce forests in the taiga zone are proposed, which give a quantitative characteristic of the age dynamics of changes in phytomass and the carbon contained in it. The range of phytomass changes in stands of spruce of the green-moss group of forest types over the entire age range in the conditions of the III bonitet class is from 11 to 166.5 t m−3, for the IV bonitet class is from 8.6 to 142.5 t m−3. Carbon pools in quantitative equivalent in spruce forests of the III bonitet class concentrate from 4.0 to 72.5 tC·ha−1, for conditions of the IV bonitet class is from 5.6 to 60.8 tC·ha−1. The obtained results complement the existing database on the biological productivity of taiga forests and can be used in the organization of forest monitoring, implementation of environmental programs at the regional level, including calculations of the carbon cycle.
Differences in the spring wheat varieties response to herbicide as a stressor
Authors: Zlotnikova O V , Batanina E V , Romanova O V
Published: September 2020

When assessing the sensitivity level, some difference was found, probably genetically determined, in the response of plants of different varieties to the herbicide as a stress factor. One of the analyzed varieties shows a decrease in growth rate of axial organs against the background of lower mitotic activity of apical meristem and increased frequency of cell division abnormalities associated with increased herbicide dosage. In another variety, there were no significant dependencies in growth and development with this factor. The most sensitive was the average total length of the seedling roots. In a more sensitive variety, in the absence of a stressor, its level of variability was initially lower and increased at a double dose of herbicide. In the same variety, there was less connectivity of the parameters studied, which, however, increased with the action of the stress factor.
The study of the effect of carbohydrate-vitamin-mineral concentrate lizunets solevit on the health of milk cows
Authors: Hairullin D D , Shakirov Sh K , Zinnatov F F , Nurgaliev F M , Medethanov F A , Smolentsev S Yu , Ovsyannikov A P , Gilemkhanov M I
Published: September 2020

In modern conditions of the keeping farm animals, namely cows, it is necessary to include an appropriate amount of vitamins and mineral substances into their dict. Compared to other herbivores, cattle need a large amount of feed per unit weight, which makes it less profitable. Therefore, the diet should cover energy costs, vitamin and mineral necessary, since the lack of minerals in animals’ organisms causes severe health problems and a sharp decline in productivity. Because of this reason we have studied the effect of carbohydrate-vitamin-mineral concentrate “Lizunets Solevit” on dairy cows. On the basis of the conducted study, it was established that the palatability of feeds by experimental animals for the period of the experiment amounted was: 92.3% for the first control group; and - 95.1% for the second experimental group that was higher than that in the control group by 2.9%. Introduction carbohydrate-vitamin-mineral concentrate “Lizunets Solevit” to the diet contributes to the better digestion of nutrients and assimilation of minerals substances, which is confirmed by the fact that hematological and biochemical parameters were within the physiological norm. It also contributes to the increase in milk amount of cows by 10.4% and allows to get economic efficiency from a cow equal to 4,7 RUB for 1 RUB additional costs.
Natural antimicrobials for preservation of salty fern
Authors: Khizhnyak S V , Demidenko G A , Tipsina N N , Strupan E A , Muchkina E Ya
Published: September 2020

Prunus padus, Ribes nigrum, Armoracia rusticana, Anethum graveolens, Allium cepa and Vaccinium vitis-idaea were tested as natural antimicrobials against extremely halophilic archaea causing spoilage of salty fern. Leaves of Prunus padus and Anethum graveolens had no effect on the growth rate of halophilic archaea a. Leaves of Ribes nigrum statistically significantly stimulated growth of halophilic archaea. Leaves and roots of Armoracia rusticana demonstrated only a temporary antimicrobial effect which continued for less than 60 hours. Peel of Allium cepa and leaves of Vaccinium vitis-idaea demonstrated permanent inhibition of growth of halophilic archaea. Long-time experiment showed that both peel of Allium cepa (5.1 g per 1 kg of salty fern) and leaves of Vaccinium vitis-idaea (13.2 g of fresh leaves or 6.6 g of dry leaves per 1 kg of salty fern) totally prevent spoilage of salty fern.
Weeds biological control technique
Authors: Bekuzarova S A , Khanieva I M , Lushchenko G V , Mamiev D M , Tedeeva A A
Published: September 2020

The article discusses the results of a study on an environmentally friendly and safe technique aimed at reducing weeds on experimental agricultural lands. The technique consists in sowing a crop with high allelopathic properties: in the steam field, the winter false flax was sown in a mixture with annual clover shabdar in a ratio of 2:1, and in the phase of flowering the above-ground mass of both crops was mown and ploughed as a siderat. In another experiment, amaranth, which has high competitiveness, was sown in rows on corn sown in broad rows. A few days before sowing corn stimulated the growth of weeds with mineral fertilizers ammonium nitrate. After the appearance of weeds, a mixture of a half dose of the herbicide and Nikfan biological product was introduced. Upon reaching the developmental phase of corn of 5-6 leaves, amaranth in the aisles was ploughed as a siderat. Used in crop rotation crops, winter false flax, panicled amaranth, have a high allelopathic feature, reducing the number of weeds. As a result of the studies revealed a significant reduction in weeds. This technology of weed control significantly reduces the cost of weed control and creates favourable conditions for obtaining quality products.
The use of inbreeding in dairy cattle breeding
Authors: Gorelik O V , Likhodeevskaya E , Zezin N N , Sevostyanov M Ya , Leshonok O I
Published: September 2020

In cattle breeding during breeding season, great importance is attached to the selection of male and female pairs. The purpose of the work is to assess the effect of inbreeding on the milk production of cows of different genotypes. It was found that the main number of animals in the herd was obtained using remote inbreeding, which is 83.8%. The use of related mating led to a decrease in the age of the first calving by 0.3 months, a lactation period by 0.4, and a slight increase in milk yield by 78 kg with a decrease in the mass fraction of fat by 0.01% and protein by 0.02%, relative to outbred cows. A significant change in the productive longevity of animals obtained by outbred breeding and the use of a moderate level of inbreeding (P≤0.05) was noted. The effect of blood on Holstein breed on the productive qualities of cows was also established. An increase in blood level to 75-91% led to an increase in milk yield and qualitative indicators of productivity. Thus, the average milk yield in the group increased by 566 kg or 9.4%, while increasing the mass fraction of fat by 0.04% and protein by 0.04%. The best indicators of productivity within the genotype groups were established with a remote level of inbreeding and a genotype of Holstein breed 91-97% blood. In the future, when developing a breeding plan, it is necessary to take into account the fact that the best quality indicators of productivity, namely the mass fraction of fat and the mass fraction of protein are higher in cows with a genotype from 76 to 91% and a moderate level of inbreeding - 3.97% and 3.08%.
Betulin nanosuspension as a promising raw material for the production of long-term storage bread
Authors: Zavorokhina Natalia V , Pankratieva Natalia A , Goncharova Nadezhda A
Published: September 2020

The gist of this article boils down to the betulin nanosuspension as a promising raw material for the production of long-term storage bread. The methodology for obtaining stable finely dispersed nanosuspension of betulin, including its transfer to a water-soluble state, the introduction of emulsifiers that increase the sedimentation stability of the suspension is scientifically substantiated. The stability and possible shelf life of betulin nanosuspensions were investigated. It is proved that the introduction of betulin nanosuspension with emulsifiers of various nature improves the structural and mechanical characteristics of wheat flour bread. Betulin nanosuspension has been proven to inhibit potato bread disease and increase the shelf life of wheat flour. The bread sample using nanosuspension of betulin with lecithin emulsifier possessed optimal characteristics. According to the analysis of the dynamics of storage of bread from wheat flour with betulin nanosuspension, a shelf life of 7 days was determined.
Dynamics of oil content and fatty acids composition variation in soybean cultivars of domestic breeding
Authors: Churakov A A , Smol’nikova Ya V , Stutko O V , Tarnopol’skaya V V
Published: September 2020

This paper presents the study of vegetative characteristics and chemical composition of soybean cultivars of domestic breeding. The data on yield, protein content, oil content and fatty acids composition of cultivars studied are presented. The conformity of lower oil content in seeds with higher level of protein accumulation is established. Some minor cultivar-dependent fluctuations in the fatty acids ratio along with harvest year dependence have been observed. The greatest fluctuations have been observed in the concentrations of oleic and linoleic acids. The data obtained indicate the presence of cultivar-dependent variations in the fatty acids composition of the oils studied due to genotypic features. However, despite the variations, the cultivars studied demonstrate stability of fatty acids composition and are recommended for further breeding.
Development of energy bars formulae for athletes, based on the essential nutrients balance
Authors: Prisukhina N V , Ermosh L G
Published: September 2020

This work is devoted to creating formulae for energy bars for sports nutrition, based on the maximum balance in the ratio of proteins, fats and carbohydrates. To create the bars, only natural, nutritionally rich ingredients were used. Forecasting of the nutritional value of formulae various options for and their further evaluation by quality indicators, made it possible to obtain the optimal ratio of components corresponding to high nutritional and energy values and consumer activity.
Use of powder Helianthus tuberosus L. in the production of frozen bread
Authors: Ermosh L G , Prisukhina N V , Nepomnyashchikh E N
Published: September 2020

This paper presents the results of studies on the use of powder from Jerusalem artichoke tubers (Helianthus tuberosus L.) as a baking additive in the production of frozen bread. Powder from Jerusalem artichoke tubers has a high nutritional value, primarily in terms of inulin content. In addition, a complex of proteins, vitamins, inulin and dietary fiber powder acts as a stabilizer of frozen yeast dough. The paper presents experimental data on the quality of wheat-rye bread baked from frozen dough pieces of long-time, low-temperature storage.
Influence of biologics on the growth and productivity of tomato plants
Authors: Trifonova T M
Published: September 2020

For the first time in the conditions of the Khabarovsk Territory, the possibility of using growth– and immunostimulators at different stages of tomato culture development has been confirmed. The energy of germination of seeds of the Basilisk Tooth variety under the influence of biologics Aqua energen and Baikal humate increased by 23%, for seeds of the De Barao Red variety in the variant of the experiment with Baikal humate-by 28%. In comparison with the control, an increase in the leaf surface area from 8.92% to 296.46% was noted. We also found an increase in the yield of the studied crop by 11.5% in the variant of the experiment with tomato seeds of the De Barao Red variety treated with Aqua energen.
Adaptation problems of the food market to modern conditions
Authors: Nezamova O A , Olentsova J A
Published: September 2020

Issues of providing its population with food are relevant for any state and in any time period. But the situation in the markets is very volatile, because it is influenced by many factors, and therefore it is important to correctly adapt the market to changing market conditions. At present, the situation in the markets in general, and in the food market in particular, is changing very quickly and significantly, so it is necessary to consider adaptation mechanisms for market subjects. Since the food market, in our opinion, is a system of relationships between such entities as producers, consumers of food, government agencies, foreign countries for production, handling, processing, storage, ensuring import supplies and expert operations, providing the population with food in accordance with accepted medical standards, then adaptation measures should be aimed at these groups of subjects. Since the 1990s, there has been a trend of declining food production in our country. The market has been largely filled with imported food, which has gradually led to dependence on foreign producers. Due to the fall in the level of income of the population, and consequently, the demand of the population, it is necessary to prevent a decrease in the provision of food for people. It should also be considered that it is difficult for Russian producers of agricultural products to compete with foreign ones, since their subsidies are much lower. At the moment the problem of insufficient development of the food market infrastructure and weak application of modern marketing technologies also negatively affects.
Research of the enzyme preparation «Fungamyl Super BR» effect on technological properties of wheat flour of the first grade and the quality of bread
Authors: Kharina M V , Yamashev T A , Petukhova E V , Krynitskaya A Yu , Kanarskaya Z A
Published: September 2020

The influence of the «Fungamyl Super BR» (glucose oxidase and alpha-amylase, Aspergillus niger) on the of light wheat flour baking merits was determined. The using of «Fungamyl Super BR» promoted to the amplification of crumb vesiculation by 3.5%, and bread yield by 12.0% towards to the test specimen, due to the effect of alpha-amylase on the fermentation and impact of glucose oxidase on the gluten. Organoleptic performance of manufactured object obtained with «Fungamyl Super BR» differed from the test specimen with a brighter colour (higher amount of amino acids and reducing sugars in a dough). However, when the addition of 0.05% «Fungamyl Super BR» redounded to wetted hand feel soft part of bread, which can be explained with the derivation of dextrins entailed by alpha-amylase.