bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Event Venue Satisfaction and Its Impact On Sponsorship Outcomes
Authors: Michelini Laura , Iasevoli Gennaro , Theodoraki Eleni
Published: July 2017

The importance of sponsorship as a marketing communications tool is well recognized in the event literature. Despite the growth in event sponsorship investments and the increasing importance of the role of the venue in event planning, there is still a lack of research on the impact
of event venue satisfaction on sponsorship outcomes. Thus, the objective of the present study is to analyze the effect of event venue satisfaction on sponsor image, and, in particular, to verify if attendee satisfaction with the venue has a positive effect on sponsor recall, attitude, and
purchase intention. The article presents the results of a survey conducted during the International Rome Film Festival, which takes place annually at the Rome Auditorium. Results suggest that attendee satisfaction with venues affects attitudes toward the sponsors and sponsor-related purchase
intention, while sponsor awareness is not affected. The main contribution of the article is the development of a comprehensive model of event sponsorship evaluation, in which traditional sponsorship outcomes are considered in light of attendee satisfaction and quality of services in the sponsor-related
exclusive venue zones.
Assessing the Economic Impact of Event Management In Ireland: a Local Authority Planning Perspective
Authors: Maguire Kelly , Hanrahan James
Published: July 2017

The purpose of this article is to examine the extent of local authority economic planning for event management in Ireland. Local authorities are increasingly using events to achieve a diverse range of economic objectives. However, achieving economic objectives can come at an expense
to host communities and affect a societies social capital. Therefore, the need to plan for and manage the economic impact of events needs to be acknowledged. This study assessed 32 local authorities and city councils utilizing a content analysis approach. This methodological approach provided
nationwide perspectives in relation to local authority planning for the economic impact of event management. Analysis has found that few local authorities recognized the need to provide planning guidelines and policies to manage the economic impact of event management. Therefore, support for
the economic development of regions and counties in Ireland has not been realized. Further analysis revealed the necessity of providing effective policies and guidelines with the incorporation of best practice indicators to sustainably plan, manage and monitor the economic impact of event
management. The findings from this article highlight the need for nationwide improvements to effectively plan for and evaluate the economic activity of event management by local authorities.
PD VS HD in Post-Economic Crisis Greece—Differences in Patient Characteristics and Estimation of Therapy Cost
Authors: Koukou Marilena G. , Smyrniotis Vassilios E. , Arkadopoulos Nikolaos F. , Grapsa Eirini I.
Published: July 2017

Objective

The aim of this study was to investigate patient characteristics and make an estimation of the cost of peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD) to Greek society during the economic crisis.

Methods

We recorded the characteristics and the total cost of dialysis treatment in 100 patients on PD and 100 on HD. Total costs included dialysis procedure, consumables, drugs, laboratory tests, food, and transportation fees (only HD), covered by patients’ insurance. Also included were medical and administrative salaries, purchase and maintenance of equipment and sanitary material, all covered by the state hospital.

Results

The mean patient age was 64.5 ± 16.8 years (PD) and 62.8 ± 15.1 (HD) ( p < 0,001). The most common cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) was diabetes (32% for PD and 24% for HD patients). A total of 35% of the PD patients were employed vs 4% of the HD patients ( p < 0,001). The mean distance from home for PD patients was 41.6 ± 17.3 km, while for HD patients, it was 9.4 ± 1.5 km ( p < 0,001). Mean monthly cost for PD and HD treatment per patient was €4,019.20 ± 1,126.30 and €3,254.30 ± 37.50, respectively, both fully covered by patients’ insurance. Mean monthly cost for PD or HD dialysis unit maintenance was €11,660.80 and €56,270.50, respectively, also fully covered by the state.

Conclusion

There is likely to be a considerable difference in terms of total cost of PD vs HD therapy, owing to the fact that the operational cost of a PD unit appears to be significantly lower than that of a HD unit.
SUGGESTING A SIMPLE DESIGN METHOD FOR COLD RECYCLED ASPHALT MIXES WITH ASPHALT EMULSION
Authors: BAZRAFSHAN MOGHADAM Bahador , FARHAD MOLLASHAHI Hamid
Published: July 2017

Although there are typical and well-known standard methods for designing hot mix asphalt in the world, there is no unique design method for cold recycled asphalt mixes. The current methods are mainly local or even dependent on technology owners due to the diversity of materials and qualitative control limitations. Currently, most of the design methods are based on 4 inch mold. The major problem of these methods is that in the mix design, the effect of aggre­gates larger than 25 mm is neglected, while this size of aggregates is used in the recycling projects. Therefore, there is a significant difference between in-situ and laboratory mix behaviors. So, 6-inch mold is used. In this study, a simple mix design has been obtained for reclaimed asphalt pavements (RAP) considering the different amount of emulsified asphalt, Portland cement, three gradations, moisture contents, temperatures, and curing times. For this reason, 315 samples were prepared. The results show that the mixes with aggregates larger than 25 mm have a significant difference with 25 mm and smaller aggregates sizes in terms of mechanical properties and moisture susceptibility. Therefore, 6-inch molds should be used for RAP materials that are larger than 25 mm in the mix design.
Le grand groupe en Approche centrée sur la personne
Authors: Thorne Brian , Rousseau Cécile
Published: July 2017

Cet article retrace l’historique du « groupe de rencontre » centré sur la personne, depuis son apparition aux États-Unis en tant que petit groupe jusqu’aux expériences de réunions internationales comprenant plusieurs centaines de participants. L’origine de l’intérêt de Rogers et de ses collègues pour le travail en groupe est à trouver dans leur volonté de permettre aux personnes d’expérimenter leur liberté et leur pouvoir, libérées des pressions extérieures. Le grand groupe de rencontre devint ainsi un lieu d’apprentissage, tant personnel que professionnel. Brian Thorne souligne l’importance de la préparation de tels groupes, le rôle de l’équipe de « facilitateurs », et décrit certains des processus que l’on retrouve dans l’évolution d’un grand groupe organisé sur plusieurs jours. Il aborde les notions de gestion du pouvoir et des crises, ainsi que les effets pour les participants, montrant clairement combien un grand groupe demande de professionnalisme dans la manière dont il est pensé et initié, et combien ce peut être une expérience forte et formatrice.
Agir dans la diversité des langues
Authors: Papaux Alain
Published: July 2017

Entre philosophie du droit et philosophie du langage, le chapitre examine les mécanismes duels de la pensée occidentale pour proposer ensuite une philosophie pragmatique – ou « impliquée » – qui refuse les dualismes et aborde le réel dans son épaisseur ontologique, épistémologique et sémiologique. Après un examen des arguments épistémologiques amenant à préférer une distinction langue/parole à une opposition, la contribution prend l’exemple du droit et de son exercice pour traiter du couple type/occurrence. De là, on constate que la connaissance ou science ne se confond pas avec l’« acte de connaissance » comme la langue ne se confond pas avec la parole ; du point de vue de l’exercice, et par contraste avec l’essence (ou quiddité), la parole c’est la langue exercée (et non pas appliquée) par et dans l’acte (de connaissance) ou « acte de parole » précisément. Se dessine une figure paradoxale du « dehors/dedans simultanément » qui ne se comprend qu’en tant que le langage doit son être à la mètis (aux savoir-faire, aux habiletés pratiques) bien plutôt qu’au seul logos (au raisonnement). Il s’agit ainsi de proposer une philosophie pragmatique que l’épaisseur du réel rend humble au point d’opérer avec mètis bien plus qu’avec logos, épousant des figures paradoxales, le « simultanément dedans/dehors » emblématiquement, que la linguistique éprouve en son méta-langage, lui-même langage en effet, que le droit pratique jusqu’en son fondement : on ne peut définir le droit sans en appeler au juridique, et réciproquement, démarche confinant au paralogisme et pourtant y échappant.
Agir dans la diversité des langues
Authors: Moore Danièle
Published: July 2017

Ce chapitre, qui porte sur les représentations du fonctionnement de l’écrit chez un enfant prélecteur plurilingue confronté à divers systèmes d’écriture, se veut un hommage au travail précurseur d’Anne-Claude Berthoud sur les représentations, les savoirs et les bricolages métalinguistiques des apprenants plurilingues dans la construction d’hypothèses sur les langues et leurs fonctionnements. L’auteure présente quelques réflexions à partir d’un exemple, tiré d’une étude pilote récemment menée avec de jeunes enfants de cinq ans dans la province anglophone de la Colombie-Britannique au Canada qui ont été confrontés à une tâche grapho-scripturale de dessin et de coloriage de sinogrammes dans le but de recueillir leurs représentations sur les systèmes d’écriture présents dans leurs répertoires et leur environnement. L’explicitation métagraphique des jeunes apprenants recueillie lors de ces tâches ouvre une fenêtre sur comment de très jeunes enfants font sens de leurs langues et des pratiques d’écrit, distinguent ou fondent traces sémiopicturales et sémiographiques, tissent et maillent les langues, et mobilisent, en situation, des ressources plurilingues pour comprendre et apprendre.
Agir dans la diversité des langues
Authors: Grin François
Published: July 2017

Ce texte propose une approche des politiques linguistiques qui met en évidence leur caractère de politique publique, les rendant comparables aux politiques poursuivies dans d’autres domaines tels que les transports, l’environnement ou la santé. Cette approche aide à préciser l’objet des politiques linguistiques dans une perspective qui favorise leur sélection, leur élaboration et leur évaluation : cet objet est la modification, dans un sens socialement souhaité, de l’environnement linguistique, notion nettement plus vaste que celle « paysage linguistique ». La politique linguistique emploie deux types d’instruments, la réglementation et l’incitation, applicables à différents champs dont ce texte propose une typologie combinant trois dimensions. Elle débouche sur l’identification de douze terrains d’action, où l’on distingue notamment l’écrit de l’oral. Un des enjeux que cette typologie met en relief est le risque de débordements non désirés d’un terrain d’action sur un autre, et l’on se penche ici sur le danger d’empiétement par l’écrit sur l’oral : certaines pratiques à l’écrit, autorisées voire instituées par une politique linguistique, peuvent-elles se propager au champ de l’oralité, ce qui reviendrait à une perte de maîtrise sur les politiques linguistiques ? Ce chapitre évalue ce risque dans le cas des politiques linguistiques universitaires en s’appuyant sur des exemples suisses. Il conclut que la diffusion de l’anglais dans les pratiques écrites (souvent utile pour des raisons d’accès à certains matériels scientifiques et pédagogiques) peut déboucher sur une diffusion de la langue anglaise dans les pratiques orales. Ceci peut être considéré comme une conséquence non désirée d’une politique linguistique informelle, qui mérite alors d’être recadrée dans l’intérêt à long terme de la diversité des langues et des cultures.
Comment accompagner les politiques de gestion urbaine et de décentralisation au Maghreb dans le contexte post-2011 ? Regards croisés d’acteurs de la coopération internationale et décentralisée
Authors: Bras Jean-Philippe , Signoles Aude
Published: July 2017

Cet article est une mise en perspective comparée d’entretiens que nous avons effectués avec des représentants d’institutions menant des actions de coopération et de solidarité internationales au Maghreb. Nous avons interrogé nos interlocuteurs sur la manière dont leurs institutions ont appréhendé et analysé les mobilisations populaires de 2011, sur les mutations politiques, juridiques et administratives induites par ces mobilisations au niveau local, sur les outils de coopération qu’ils ont maintenus ou, au contraire, spécialement conçus pour accompagner le changement, et sur le type et profil des acteurs avec lesquels ils coopèrent désormais. Les propos restitués ici sont tirés de nos notes conjointes et non pas d’un enregistrement de nos entretiens.
« Se situer » dans le nouveau système décisionnel au Sahara Occidental. Les élections régionales à Dakhla-Oued Eddahab
Authors: Moral Victoria Veguilla del
Published: July 2017

Au cours des années 2000, le dossier « décentralisation » a ressurgi au Maroc à la suite d’évènements inscrits à l’agenda international : l’acceptation du Plan Baker II par le Front Polisario (2002) et la présentation du Plan d’Autonomie Avancée par le Maroc (2007) ont en effet réactualisé le lien entre les dossiers de la « décentralisation » et celui du Sahara Occidental. Dans ce travail, il s’agit de donner à comprendre les particularités du processus de mise en œuvre de la « décentralisation » dans cet espace particulier, le Sahara Occidental, en prenant comme angle d’analyse les élections dans une des trois régions territoriales et administratives aménagées par le Maroc : Dakhla-Oued Eddahab. Plus spécifiquement, nous proposerons d’analyser les confrontations entre les principaux acteurs politiques locaux pour investir une position institutionnelle régionale qui lierait éventuellement la politique au Sahara avec un conflit de souveraineté.
« Enlever les casquettes politiques ». Rhétorique gestionnaire et euphémisation du politique chez les élus locaux du Front des forces socialistes algérien
Authors: Baamara Layla
Published: July 2017

À partir d’une enquête de terrain sur le Front des forces socialistes (FFS) réalisée entre 2009 et 2013, cet article propose d’interroger les représentations et les pratiques des élus dans les assemblées locales algériennes. Tandis que les députés du FFS manifestent leur opposition à l’action politique du gouvernement et de la majorité parlementaire, des élus locaux du parti coopèrent avec des membres d’organisations partisanes de cette majorité, principalement le Front de libération nationale (RND) et le Rassemblement national démocratique (RND), qui constituent pourtant les cibles traditionnelles du parti. L’alliance au local de ce parti avec ses adversaires apparaît symptomatique des paradoxes et ambivalences qui caractérisent la participation, dans le régime, d’un parti d’opposition au régime. Pour les comprendre, nous postulons qu’il est nécessaire d’analyser comment l’intégration du FFS dans l’espace politique institutionnel local va de pair avec une euphémisation du registre oppositionnel, et plus largement du registre partisan, au profit de l’adoption d’une rhétorique gestionnaire. L’article contribue, d’une part, à éclairer les conceptions et les pratiques du rôle d’élu local en Algérie. Il éclaire, d’autre part, les ressorts et les modalités d’action des oppositions partisanes en contexte autoritaire et alimente, plus largement, les réflexions sur les processus de dépolitisation de l’action politique locale.
Revendications morales et politiques d’une révolte. Les émeutes du Mzab en Algérie (2013-2015)
Authors: Dufresne Aubertin Laurence
Published: July 2017

À partir des représentations ordinaires du politique et de la production locale du sentiment d’injustice, cet article s’intéresse au sens de l’engagement émeutier au Mzab, qui dépasse la lecture communautariste. En s’appuyant sur des registres moraux, les habitants formulent des demandes de répartition des ressources matérielles et de reconnaissance plurielle qui visent à rectifier des situations sociales et politiques jugées inégalitaires. Ces représentations sont formulées autour de récits de marginalisation – ethnique, religieuse, économique et territoriale –, qui attestent des désirs de reconnaissance des spécificités ainsi qu’une exigence d’accession à des droits égaux. Cette tension alimente un rapport ambivalent au centre politique, qui traduit des demandes, éventuellement contradictoires, d’un « plus » d’intégration et d’autonomie.
La société civile vue à l’aune de la résilience du système politique algérien
Authors: Hamadouche Louisa Dris-Aït
Published: July 2017

L’évolution de la société civile en Algérie montre un rapport inversement proportionnel entre la force de l’État providence et la marge de manœuvre laissée au monde associatif. Or, malgré l’instauration du pluralisme et une présence numérique pléthorique, le mouvement associatif est unanimement considéré comme faible, au mieux embryonnaire, au point de s’apparenter davantage à un objet socio-politique qu’à un acteur social. La question qui se pose alors est : comment la société civile algérienne est-elle devenue partie prenante de la résilience du système politique algérien. Pour apporter des éléments de réponse à cette question, cet article commencera par décortiquer les caractéristiques de la société civile à travers l’autonomisation inachevée de l’individu citoyen, la politisation accrue et le piège de la rente. Il analysera ensuite la politique d’endiguement et de contrôle de la société civile par les gouvernants à travers le verrouillage juridique, la diabolisation ciblée et la division.
Mini-Robots as Smart Gadgets
Authors: Ray Beverly B. , Faure Caroline E.
Published: July 2017

The chapter proposes to outline best practices in the use of a set of mini-robots (i.e., smart gadgets) to promote active and meaningful learning in the Social Sciences. Key K-12 social science skills supported by their use include coding, sequencing, including time lining, map making, planning, organizing, peer collaboration, and the comprehension and interpretation of maps and written texts. The theoretical foundation supporting the use in the Social Sciences of is examined in this chapter. Next, barriers to use are explored before moving into an examination of one strategy for integration into the Social Sciences. Finally, the chapter concludes with an exploration of issues and recommendations for mitigating those issues will be discussed along with linkage of use to specific Social Science concept (i.e., discovery, exploration, and technology).
Design and Implementation of Gamified Course Contents
Authors: Hasan Md Mahmudul
Published: July 2017

This chapter sheds light on gamification aspects in a course content and how it can be implemented to enhance students' performance. The aim of this chapter is to give an overview of designing gamified content in the classroom by ‘gamispire-wheel'. It also focuses on implementing existing tool such as ClassDojo. It is especially written for teachers, researchers, practitioners, educationists and students. To make the chapter self-explanatory for the readers, a case study has been illustrated that can be utilised in the classroom. In addition to that, key gamification elements have been mentioned. Moreover, this chapter provides step by step guidelines to design, develop and implement gamified course contents using the web or mobile phones.
Preparing Teachers for Mobile Learning Applications Grounded in Research and Pedagogical Frameworks
Authors: Koç Selma , Goodell Joanne E.
Published: July 2017

Contrary to the benefits and opportunities mobile learning may provide, “Teacher preparation programs are often devoid of opportunities to teach with mobiles” (Herro, Kiger, & Owens, 2013, p. 31). Educators need to understand the pedagogical affordances and limitations of mobile technology tools and develop materials and lessons based on frameworks or models grounded in research and practice. This article presents an overview of research and mobile learning integration frameworks in order to provide a theoretical and practical basis for app selection and integration in the K-12 and higher education classroom. Educators need to understand the pedagogical affordances and limitations of mobile technology tools and develop materials and lessons based on frameworks or models grounded in research and practice. This article presents an overview of research and mobile learning integration frameworks in order to provide a theoretical and practical basis for app selection and integration in the K-12 and higher education classroom.
The iPad
Authors: Bennett Julia , McKain Danielle
Published: July 2017

Mobile learning is becoming more prominent in all levels of education. While educators strive to keep up with the learning needs of twenty-first century students, research on best practices for mobile devices in the classroom is limited. There is a great deal of research on traditional note-taking, but mobile devices have changed the way students take notes. While electronic note-taking began with simply typing notes on a laptop computer, it has quickly transformed into a multitude of options with various note-taking applications (apps). The purpose of this chapter is to provide a brief review of mobile devices and note-taking in K-12 classrooms. Additionally, it reviews and compares features of eight note-taking applications. These apps change how notes are taken, organized, stored, and accessed. This chapter provides an overview of each application with specific examples using Notability, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of taking notes on the iPad.
A New Acoustic Energy-Based Method to Estimate Pre-Loads on Cored Rocks
Authors: Karakus Murat , Ingerson Ashton , Thurlow William , Genockey Michael , Jones Jesse
Published: July 2017

The Acoustic Emission (AE) due to the sudden release of energy from the micro-fracturing within the rock under loading has been used to estimate pre-load. Once the pre-load is exceeded an irreversible damage occurs at which AE signals significantly increase. This phenomenon known as Kaiser Effect (KE) can be recognised as an inflexion point in the cumulative AE hits versus stress curve. In order to determine the value of pre-load (sm) accurately, the curve may be approximated by two straight lines. The intersection point projected onto the stress axis indicates the pre-load. However, in some cases locating the point of inflexion is not easy. To overcome this problem we have developed a new method, The University of Adelaide Method (UoA), which use cumulative acoustic energy. Unlike existing methods, the UoA method emphasises the energy of each AE, the square term of the amplitude of each AE. As the axial pre-load is exceeded, the micro cracks become larger than the existing fractures and therefore energy released with new and larger cracks retain higher acoustic energy.
A Review on Enhanced Stability Analyses of Soil Slopes Using Statistical Design
Authors: Kostić Srđan
Published: July 2017

This chapter deals with the application of experimental design in slope stability analysis. In particular, focus of the present chapter is on the application of Box-Behnken statistical design for assessment of stability of slopes in homogeneous soil (general case), for estimation of slope stability in clay-marl deposits at the edge of Neogene basins (case study) and for the extension of grid search method for locating the critical rupture surface. Extensive statistical analysis, internal and external validation imply high estimation accuracy and reliability of developed mathematical expressions for slope safety factor and for parameters of location of critical rupture surface. Main advantages and limitations of the proposed approach are thoroughly discussed with suggestions for main directions of further research.
Knowledge-Based Decision Making
Authors: Pejic-Bach Mirjana , Omazic Mislav Ante , Aleksic Ana , Zoroja Jovana
Published: July 2017

In the context of sustainability and long term survival, knowledge based decision making has been recognized as a significant factor. Its application in organizational settings specifically through knowledge management, process management, and decision making presents one of the core organizational capabilities. This chapter explores more deeply the synergy that occurs between the knowledge based decision making and its contribution to sustainability. The extent of knowledge based decision making application is evaluated, and its relation to the economic, social and environmental sustainability, in the multi case analysis of four Croatian firms from two service industries: telecommunications and insurance.
Marketing Mix Adaptation of Large-Scale Hotels in Turbulent Times
Authors: Bayrakdaroğlu Funda , Karabulut Ali Naci
Published: July 2017

Tourism is one of the leading sectors in Turkish economy, by taking the chance on various kinds in different regions of the country. However, based on its fragile structure and nature, the industry is quite sensitive to all types of crises as well. Therefore, this chapter aims to examine different marketing mix strategies which can be adopted by large-scale hotel managements in order to struggle with crises. The authors interpret the findings gathered by in-depth interview with marketing managers of five-star hotels.
Water Allocation Assessment and Hydrological Simulation on Mukurumudzi River Basin in Kenya
Authors: Katuva Jacob Mutua , Omuto Christian Thine , Obiero John P. O.
Published: July 2017

Lack of water allocation plans in semi-arid river basins increases the risks of hydrological droughts. The Mukurumudzi river basin was experiencing extremely low flows which led to a water allocation assessment to quantify the available resource amidst competing demands from domestic, commercial and environmental needs. An abstraction survey was conducted along the entire length of the river followed by a low flow study and water balance modelling using rainfall-runoff Model. Observed flows at source and mouth were 0.028 m3/sand 0.043 m3/s respectively. Simulated flows estimated an environmental flow (Q95) deficit of0.023 m3/s and 0.010 m3/s in July and August respectively. Normal flow (Q80) of 0.190 m3/s and flood flow (Q50) of 0.520 m3/s were estimated. Compensating the environmental flow deficit in July and August was recommended. A more detailed hydrogeological study should be conducted to elucidate the potential of the groundwater resource in meeting current demands.
Hydrology and Best Practices for Managing Water Resources in Arid and Semi-Arid Lands
Authors: Marigi Samwel N.
Published: July 2017

This chapter provides a critical analysis and evaluation of the water issues relevant to Kenya's ASALs. This has particularly been centred on the current resource development and management, future resource demand as well as extent of its vulnerability to climate variability and change. The water development policy interventions have also been evaluated. The analysis has revealed that water resources are being utilized to satisfy a myriad of demands and that in-fact a water shortage already exists in these ASALs. A number of factors including population pressure, poor resource use and management and other socio-economic activities have been noted to increase the vulnerability of the available water to the impacts of climate change. A raft of recommendations for purposes of ensuring the sustainable utilization of this vital resource has therefore, been proposed.
Political Reflections on Dark Tourism
Authors: Çoban Funda
Published: July 2017

This paper argues the popular black spots of Turkey, which are really few, initially serve as a political instrument to construct and deepen the national identity. Gallipoli, Anitkabir, National Park for Commander-in-chief, the deathbed of Ataturk, Ulucanlar Prison, and Sakarya Earthquake Museum are well-known black spots in Turkey which could be addressed to improve this argument. The discourse of sterile interior designs, introductory brochures, official web pages, digital presentation and the quantitative gap between domestic and foreign visitors are some proofs, supporting the claim. On the other side of the coin, however, the construction of realms of memory, belonging to the “others” is continuously is suspended and included in official ideology through normalization processes. Diyarbakir Prison, Madimak Hotel Askale are the discursive given “darker sites,” exemplifying the counter-discursive black spots in this sense. So, it can be concluded that the initial function of few samples of dark tourism sites in Turkey is mainly political rather than being economic or cultural.
Banalizing the Alterity
Authors: Korstanje Maximiliano E. , Mustelier Lourdes Cisneros
Published: July 2017

This chapter discusses the problem of poverty as something finely integrated in dark tourism. Though originally, both concepts sound very distant, no less true is that dark tourism and slum tourism are inextricably intertwined. Throughout this chapter review, we placed a hot debate on the role of globalization as a chief agent oriented to connect dissimilar economies into an all-encompassing system. The question whether tourism should be considered ethical or not still remains open. In days of Thana-Capitalism the suffering pivoted as the main commodity not only that helps structuring social institutions, but the necessary mediator between lay-people and their states.
5G
Authors: Yarrabothu Ravi Sekhar
Published: July 2017

Cellular communications has evolved from 1G to 4G to cater for the various service offerings of voice communication, data exchange and web browsing. The coming generation, 5G, is aiming at the wider concept of the Internet of things (IoT). A broad consensus by industry and standards organizations is to introduce 5G around 2020 time frame. This chapter will overview 5G as a necessary platform for the success of the IoT. It provides an overview of 1G to 4G evolution and the demand issues behind 5G while discussing deficiencies of 4G LTE which prohibits it from rising up to the challenges presented in IoT. On the path to 5G, the chapter outlines the 5G Vision, its requirements, use cases, business models and value creation. Discussions of some of the 5G challenges are included in the chapter; its coexistence with current technologies, its strict latency and high spectrum requirements, and the performance and variability of the QoS requirements of 5G applications. Finally, an outline of 5G research activities and initiatives across the globe is provided.
A Survey on Overlapping Communities in Large-Scale Social Networks
Authors: Chintalapudi S Rao , Krishna Prasad M H. M.
Published: July 2017

Social network analysis is one of the emerging research areas in the modern world. Social networks can be adapted to all the sectors by using graph theory concepts such as transportation networks, collaboration networks, and biological networks and so on. The most important property of social networks is community, collection of nodes with dense connections inside and sparse connections at outside. Community detection is similar to clustering analysis and has many applications in the real-time world such as recommendation systems, target marketing and so on. Community detection algorithms are broadly classified into two categories. One is disjoint community detection algorithms and the other is overlapping community detection algorithms. This chapter reviews overlapping community detection algorithms with their strengths and limitations. To evaluate these algorithms, a popular synthetic network generator, i.e., LFR benchmark generator and the new extended quality measures are discussed in detail.
Biological Big Data Analysis and Visualization
Authors: U Vignesh , R Parvathi
Published: July 2017

The chapter deals with the big data in biology. The largest collection of biological data maintenance paves the way for big data analytics and big data mining due to its inefficiency in finding noisy and voluminous data from normal database management systems. This provides the domains such as bioinformatics, image informatics, clinical informatics, public health informatics, etc. for big data analytics to achieve better results with higher efficiency and accuracy in clustering, classification and association mining. The complexity measures of the health care data leads to EHR (Evidence-based HealthcaRe) technology for maintenance. EHR includes major challenges such as patient details in structured and unstructured format, medical image data mining, genome analysis and patient communications analysis through sensors – biomarkers, etc. The big biological data have many complications in their data management and maintenance especially after completing the latest genome sequencing technology, next generation sequencing which provides large data in zettabyte size.
Organizing, Organizations, and the Role of Social Media Conversations
Authors: Dawson Veronica R.
Published: July 2017

This chapter traces the concept of organizational identity in organization theory and places it in the social media context. It proposes that organizational communication theories intellectually based in the “linguistic turn” (e.g., the Montreal School Approach to how communication constitutes organizations, communicative theory of the firm) are well positioned to illuminate the constitutive capabilities of identity-bound interaction on social media. It suggest that social media is more than another organizational tool for communication with stakeholders in that it affords interactants the opportunity to negotiate foundational organizational practices: organizational identity, boundaries, and membership, in public. In this negotiative process, the organizing role of the stakeholder is emphasized and legitimized by organizational participation and engagement on social media platforms. The Montreal School Approach's conversation–text dialectic and the communicative theory of the firm's conceptualization of organizations as social, are two useful concepts when making sense of organization–stakeholder interaction in the social media context.
Making the Case for Academic and Social Impact in Organizational Communication Research
Authors: Barge J. Kevin
Published: July 2017

Engaged scholarship begins with the premise that academic research cannot only be rigorous, but also have social impact by addressing important organizational and community issues. A tacit assumption in much of the literature on engaged organizational communication scholarship is that we have a clear understanding of what we mean by social impact. This chapter explores how various indicators and metrics constitute the meaning of academic and social impact. I argue that there is relatively little overlap in the indicators that are currently used to assess academic and social impact and that this poses important challenges for organizational communication scholars who wish to do engaged scholarship. Five practices are offered to facilitate organizational communication scholars determine the kind of impact they wish to make and manage the challenges posed by the competing demands of demonstrating academic and social impact: (1) connect with your scholarly passion, (2) practice triple translation, (3) develop emergent design skills, (4) go big, and (5) research on the go.
Imagination, Action, and Justice
Authors: Huffman Tim
Published: July 2017

Social justice connects to trends in organizational communication scholarship. Some organizational communication traditions engage, explicitly and implicitly, social justice concepts, such as fairness, equity, freedom, structure, and poverty. Drawing on these rich traditions, even more opportunities exist for conducting organizational communication scholarship that promotes justice. This essay articulates how the theory–practice conversation can be forwarded to enable social justice-oriented scholarship. Communication scholarship can do more justice if it is understood as contributing to the “communicative imaginary” as opposed to only developing theory. The communicative imaginary is the splendid array of social possibilities that humans use to create and recreate ways of living together and sharing in one another's lives. Heroism, tragedy, comedy, and beauty are four frames within the communicative imaginary that enable the pursuit of justice. The essay concludes with a reflection on how solidarity can configure scholars' lives in meaningful and just ways.
Expert Knowledge in the University-Industry Cooperation
Authors: Karnaukhova Oxana , Hinkelbein Oliver
Published: July 2017

The idea of the chapter is to make a cross-cultural analysis of the various knowledge management processes, with the aim of identifying advantages and disadvantages, perspectives and obstacles for knowledge management (KM) within the boundaries between university and industry. KM strategies revealed the importance of institutionalization and legitimation processes of practitioners' knowledge. In the contemporary networking world with blurring boundaries between professional and non-professional knowledge the position of expert is changing. It immediately influences knowledge flows between university and industry. The chapter will provide a comparative analysis of two KM cases in the field of university-industry relations – Germany and Russia with emphasis on difficulties and advantages of KM implementation for enhancing decision-making process on both sides; evolving stakeholders to participate in activities, building efficient societal capabilities and developing knowledge-based communities.
Demystifying the Power of Digital to Become a Cleverer Enterprise
Authors: Yaslioglu Murat , Yaslioglu Duygu Toplu
Published: July 2017

New challenge in all industries is to catch up with the digital revolution. There are some pioneers and some followers in all industries but it is inevitable that digits catch every company by its claws. Our research aims to put forward the dynamics of the digital era or in other words new economy. Companies with a good level of digital maturity and thus high digital quotient become the leaders of their industries. Of course it is in some sectors digitization has become more obvious compared to others, but it is a rising trend in every industry, one can appoint. Banking sector is casts a great example how digital quotient and its factors come into play. Our research tries to define the new concept of digital quotient and illustrate a good practice by evaluating the strategies of a leading bank in Turkey.
Pakistan
Authors: Kaynak Selahattin
Published: July 2017

As a Southern Asian country with a dense population, an important strategic position and a substantial amount of security problems, Pakistan is a significant country and it is necessary to examine its socio-economic structure and its relations with other countries. In this research, various subjects such as Pakistan's demographic, socio-political, sectoral, political and institutional structure, economic potential, financial relations with other countries and socio-cultural interactions with other countries. As a result of the research, historicity of Pakistan's socio-political structure and its relations with other countries seem quite significant and decisive in the country's historical process, and it has also been observed that its financial relations is more among Asian countries. In the last years, some enterprises to make economic reforms in the country have been attempted but it has been figured out that the existing potential cannot be properly used due to the security problems.
Afghanistan
Authors: Cengiz Vedat
Published: July 2017

Afghanistan region takes place at the meeting point of the empires and the civilizations. It has been victim of external interventions in every stage of its history. In Afhganistan, many different languages, ethnic groups, religions and cultures are available. So, there are numerous ethnic groups. On the basis of the most of Afghanistan's political, social, economic, and cultural problems lie in many cases entwined ethnic and sectarian elements. Despite these problems, Afghanistan is a developing Asian country engaged significantly on agriculture for livelihood. The relations between Turkey and Afghanistan goes back to old times.
Deep Web Information Retrieval Process
Authors: Sharma Dilip Kumar , Sharma A. K.
Published: July 2017

Web crawlers specialize in downloading web content and analyzing and indexing from surface web, consisting of interlinked HTML pages. Web crawlers have limitations if the data is behind the query interface. Response depends on the querying party's context in order to engage in dialogue and negotiate for the information. In this paper, the authors discuss deep web searching techniques. A survey of technical literature on deep web searching contributes to the development of a general framework. Existing frameworks and mechanisms of present web crawlers are taxonomically classified into four steps and analyzed to find limitations in searching the deep web.
Harvesting Deep Web Data Through Produser Involvement
Authors: Kaczmarek Tomasz , Węckowski Dawid Grzegorz
Published: July 2017

Acquiring the data from the deep Web is a complex process, which requires understanding of Website navigation issues, data extraction, and integration techniques. Currently existing solutions to automate it are not ready to cover the whole deep Web and require skills and knowledge to be applied in practice. However, several systems were created, which approach the problem by involving end users who are able to bring the data from the deep Web to the surface while creating solutions for their own information needs. The authors study these systems in the chapter from the end user perspective, investigating their interfaces, languages that they expose to end users, and the platforms that accompany the systems to involve end users and allow them to share the results of their work.
Effectiveness of Web Usage Mining Techniques in Business Application
Authors: El Azab Ahmed , Mahmood Mahmood A. , El-Aziz Abd
Published: July 2017

Web usage mining techniques and applications across industries is still exploratory and, despite an increase in academic research, there are challenge of analyze web which quantitatively capture web users' common interests and characterize their underlying tasks. This chapter addresses the problem of how to support web usage mining techniques and applications across industries by combining language of web pages and algorithms that used in web data mining. Existing research in web usage mining techniques tend to focus on finding out how each techniques can apply in different industries fields. However, there is little evidence that researchers have approached the issue of web usage mining across industries. Consequently, the aim of this chapter is to provide an overview of how the web usage mining techniques and applications across industries can be supported.
Telemedicine and Electronic Health
Authors: Kasemsap Kijpokin
Published: July 2017

This chapter reveals the overview of telemedicine; telemedicine in developing countries; Electronic Health Record (EHR); and mobile health technologies. Telemedicine and Electronic Health (e-health) are modern technologies toward improving quality of care and increasing patient safety in developing countries. Telemedicine and e-health are the utilization of medical information exchanged from one site to another site via electronic communications. Telemedicine and e-health help health care organizations share data contained in the largely proprietary EHR systems in developing countries. Telemedicine and e-health help reduce the cost of health care and increases the efficiency through better management of chronic diseases, shared health professional staffing, reduced travel times, and shorter hospital stays. The chapter argues that utilizing telemedicine and e-health has the potential to enhance health care performance and reach strategic goals in developing countries.
Policies and Politics
Authors: Chan Raymond K. H.
Published: July 2017

Since the late 1950s, Hong Kong's public health services have increased. They are mainly funded by taxes, supplemented by minimal user fees. In the late 1980s, the government recognized the limitations of this financing model and has subsequently proposed alternative methods of funding. Their proposals have been rejected by various stakeholders, who represent different, and even conflicting, values and interests. This chapter describes the development of health services and the debates that have surrounded health financing since the late 1980s. It shows that the health finance debate in Hong Kong is not a simple issue that can be tackled by rational planning; instead, it is a complex consequence of welfare politics in an increasingly mobilized society.
The Determinants of Health Expenditures in Tunisia
Authors: Chaabouni Sami , Abednnadher Chokri
Published: July 2017

This article examines the determinants of health expenditures in Tunisia during the period 1961-2008, using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach by Pesaran et al. (2001). The results of the bounds test show that there is a stable long-run relationship between per capita health expenditure, GDP, population ageing, medical density and environmental quality. In fact, on the one hand there are the short-run and long-run results which reveal that health care is a necessity, not a luxury good. On the other hand, results of the causality test show that there is a bidirectional causal flow from health expenditures to income, both in the short and in the long run.
Negative Resistance in Discrete Mechatronic Systems
Authors: Buchacz Andrzej , Gałęziowski Damian
Published: July 2017

In the paper, the problem of negative resistance has been studied. Considered systems are limited to mechatronic discrete structures that contains mechanical part and piezoelectric actuator in form of stack, connected to external electric network that include the resistance elements which can have and receive negative values. The study have been done based on examples of branched structures, received as a result of solving the reverse task, and is aimed for parameters, limits and constrains evaluation. The paper extends possible applications of piezostack actuators and applied configurations that utilize negative resistance for vibration control.
Influence of Electrode Layers on the Fracture Strength of PZT Ceramics
Authors: Schmidt Marek , Sewohl André , Wittstock Volker
Published: July 2017

A newly developed process chain enables the production of active structural components. Thereby lead zirconate titanate (PZT) fibres are integrated in metal sheets by joining by forming. For the further development of the process chain to a high volume production the fracture strength of PZT should be increased. This paper pursues the approach to increase the strength by selected electrode layers. For this purpose, various electrode layers are tested on PZT plates in strength tests with the ball on three balls test (B3B-test). The evaluation of the recorded values is carried out according to statistically methods. The results show that the strength of PZT can be increased by electrode layers up to 30%. In addition, it was established that a high tensile strength and a high Young’s modulus of the electrode layers do not have a positive effect on the strength of PZT.