bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incremental long-term benefit of drug therapies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in quality of life but not mortality: a network meta-analysis
Authors: Pan Qiong , Sun Jiongzhou , Gao Shiyuan , Liu Zian , Huang Yiwen , Lian Yixin
Published: May 2024

Introduction

The latest evidence revealed that dupilumab, an interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-13 (IL-13) blocker, significantly reduces the exacerbation risk in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The efficacy of dupilumab compared with conventional inhaled drugs remains incompletely determined. This study aimed to investigate the comparative efficacy of dupilumab and conventional inhaled drugs in patients with stable COPD.

Material and methods

This study retrieved randomised clinical trials (RCTs) with follow-up ≥ 48 weeks on long-acting β-agonists (LABAs), long-acting muscarinic receptor antagonists (LAMAs), inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs), and dupilumab in the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases. The information on eligible studies was extracted after the screening. The comparative efficacy of 4 drugs and their combinations in acute exacerbation and mortality was assessed using Bayesian network meta-analysis models.

Results

This network meta-analysis identified 69 eligible RCTs on 7 classes of drug therapies after stepwise screening and included 125,331 COPD patients. Compared with placebo, the 7 drug interventions significantly reduced the risk of acute exacerbation, and the reduction degree increased with the incremental use of drug classes. ICS/LABA/LAMA/dupilumab was the most effective in decreasing exacerbation risk (OR = 0.561 [95% CI: 0.387–0.810]), followed by ICS/LABA/LAMA (OR = 0.717 [95% CI: 0.626–0.817]). The 7 drug therapies were not significantly associated with a lower risk of death compared to placebo. Nevertheless, ICS/LABA/LAMA/dupilumab is the most likely to be effective in decreasing mortality.

Conclusions

The incremental use of combinations of conventional and novel drugs contributed to the long-term benefits in acute exacerbation but not death in COPD. The optimal drug combination in terms of acute COPD exacerbation was ICS/LABA/LAMA/dupilumab.
Comparison of the effectiveness of the helmet interface using flow meters versus the mechanical ventilator for non-invasive ventilation in patients with coronavirus disease 2019. Controlled and randomized clinical trial
Authors: Reis Ferreira Fernanda dos , Correa João Carlos Ferrari , Storopoli Eduardo , Faria Diego Restivo , Cassaro Karina , Feitosa da Hora Natália , Ritti Raphael , Becker Rafael Akira , Dal Corso Simone , Costa Ivan Peres , Sampaio Luciana Maria Malosá
Published: May 2024

Introduction

This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of two methods for non-invasive mechanical ventilation in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) – using a helmet interface with a flow meter and positive end-expiratory pressure valve versus a traditional mechanical ventilator.

Material and methods

We conducted a single-center randomized clinical trial involving 100 adult SARS-CoV-2 patients in a specialized private hospital. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups: one using the helmet interface with a flow meter and positive end-expiratory pressure valve and the other employing conventional mechanical ventilation. Our study included participant selection, blood gas analysis, assessment of respiratory rate, peripheral oxygen saturation, modified Borg scale scores, and a visual analog scale.

Results

The study showed no significant difference in intubation rates between the mechanical ventilation (54.3%) and helmet interface with flow meter and positive end-expiratory pressure valve (46.8%) groups (p = 0.37). Additionally, the helmet group had a shorter average duration of use (3.4 ±1.6 days) compared to the mechanical ventilation group (4.0 ±1.9 days). The helmet group also had a shorter average hospitalization duration (15.9 ±7.9 days) compared to the mechanical ventilation group (17.1 ±9.5 days).

Conclusions

This single-center randomized clinical trial found no statistically significant differences between the two methods of non-invasive ventilation. Implications for clinical practice: using the helmet interface with the flow meter and positive end-expiratory pressure valve can simplify device installation, potentially reducing the need for intubation, making it a valuable tool for nurses and physiotherapists in daily clinical practice.
Authors: Lestari Ita , Uzliawati Lia , Khoerunnisa Khoerunnisa
Published: May 2024

This study aims to determine the Financial Performance Rating Using the Du Pont System and Economic Value Added (EVA) Method at PT. Krakatau Tbk which was listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2013-2018 period. This study uses a descriptive type of statistical analysis research with a quantitative approach. the population in this study amounted
to 16 companies. This study uses financial report data with time series for the last 5 years. Sampling in this study used a purposive random sampling technique. The sample of this research is PT. Krakatau Steel Tbk. Period 2013-2018.
The results of this study are a comparison of the financial performance of PT. Krakatau Steel Tbk which is listed on the IDX through the Du Pont and EVA approach to produce the same value. The Du Pont method in this study is said to be the same compared to the EVA method, because the average value of Du Pont in PT. Krakatau Steel Tbk which is listed on the IDX is equally below the Du Pont and EVA industry standard values.
Authors: Yasirwan Yasirwan , Luis Muhammad
Published: May 2024

In a company, one of the indicators used to see the financial condition of a period is profit growth. This study aims to determine the effect of profitability ratios, namely ROA (Return On Assets), ROE (Return On Equity), and NPM (Net Profit Margin), on profit growth in finance companies. This study uses a quantitative approach with a sampling technique called purposive sampling. This study uses secondary data sources obtained from the financial reports of nine finance companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2017â€“2021 period. The data processing and analysis method used in this study is panel data regression with the best selected model, namely the FEM (Fix Effect Model) using the Eviews application version 12. The results showed that simultaneously, ROA (return on assets), ROE (return on equity), and NPM (net profit margin) have a significant effect on profit growth. Partially, ROA (Return On Assets) has a negative and significant effect on profit growth, ROE (Return On Equity) has a positive and significant effect on profit growth, and NPM (Net Profit Margin) has a negative and insignificant effect on profit growth.
Problem Davranışların Sınıflandırılması
Authors: Yürek Enes
Published: May 2024

Problem davranışlar ile ilgili literatür incelendiğinde bu kavramın literatürde zaman zaman “istenmedik davranışlar, uyumsuz davranışlar, davranış problemleri” olarak da karşımıza çıkabildiği görülmektedir. Sayılan tüm bu ifadelerin aslında ‘problem davranış’ kavramını nitelediği düşünülmektedir. Problem davranışlar; bireylerin sosyal hayata entegrasyonunun önünde engel olan, sosyal ortamlarda normal davranış olarak kabul görmeyen, bireylerin kendisini veya başkalarını güvenlik açısından tehlikeye sokan ve yeni bilgi-becerileri öğrenmeyi engelleyen veya var olanı kullanmaya engel olan davranışlar olarak tanımlanabilmektedir. Problem davranışlar, çalışma alanımız olan erken çocukluk döneminde yaygın bir şekilde karşımıza çıkmaktadır ve gerek okul ortamında gerek ev ortamında birçok çocuğun bazı problem davranışlara sahip olduğu görülmektedir. Bu bölümde erken çocukluk döneminde yaygın olarak karşılaşılan problem davranışlar sınıflandırılacak ve bu problem davranışların detayları (tanımları, belirtileri, olası sebepleri ve öğretmen/ailelere öneriler) ele alınacaktır
Problem Davranışlar ve Aile
Authors: Tutumlu Rıdvan
Published: May 2024

Çocukların davranış problemlerinde ailenin rolü veya etkisi karmaşık ve çok boyutlu olmakla birlikte belli çalışmalara konu olmuştur. Araştırmalarda ailenin davranış biçiminin, ev ortamının ve ebeveynlik stillerinin çocukların davranış problemleri üzerinde etkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Erken çocukluk dönemde çocukların gösterdiği problem davranışlar çeşitli değişkenlerden kaynaklanmaktadır. Bu değişkenlerden bazılarını aile, ebeveynlerin tutumları, ev içi ortam, ailenin iletişim becerisi, ebeveynlerin eğitim durumu, mesleği, okul ortamı, arkadaş ortamı ve demografik değişkenler olarak ele almak mümkündür. Bu başlık altında çocuğun göstermiş olduğu davranış problemlerine kaynak olabilen veya etkisi olabilen ebeveynlerin ebeveynlik stilleri ve ev ortamı ve bu ortamın kalitesinin önemine, bu konularda yapılan çalışmalara değinilecek ve sonuçta öneriler sunulacaktır.
The Readiness Of Shipping Companies In Tegal Region To Implement IMO Regulations In The Field Of Marine Pollution Prevention
Authors: Suryadi Awel , Sunarso Hadi
Published: May 2024

Marine pollution that occurs due to ship waste increasingly threatens Indonesian waters. Sources of marine pollution are caused by shipping and port activities. Handling this pollution must be carried out with facilities and infrastructure holding marine pollution in accordance with international standards on board ships and at loading and unloading ports, so competent professionals are also needed in their fields. The purpose of this study is to determine and analyze the readiness of shipping companies in the Tegal region to face IMO rules in the field of marine pollution prevention. The study used qualitative description methods by conducting observations, interviews, and literature. Based on the results of the research, it was found that the problem that occurred was administrative; companies related to human resources could meet competencies. Shipping agents in the Tegal area are limited to serving ship document management, while the procurement or repair of pollution prevention equipment is under the authority of the ship owner through his representative, who will conduct a survey when the ship carries out docking/repair at TUKS or Tersus. There are still docking companies that handle the remaining sludge waste from OWS, which is landfilled, so if it accumulates a lot, it can cause soil pollution. The lack of public awareness and limited facilities and infrastructure for ship waste management in the port area are problems for the government and other stakeholders at the port.
Comparative Analysis of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Distribution Scheme using Milk-Run and Hub-Spoke Methods on Small-Scale LNG Carrier in Eastern Indonesia
Authors: Muzhoffar Dimas Angga Fakhri , Auzani Ahmad Syihan , Altaf Ahmad Nur , Putra Aleg Restu Pridana , Wahyono Condro Baskoro Jati
Published: May 2024

Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) has been seen as a promising alternative in the face of these challenges. However, attention remains focused on the efficiency of LNG distribution, especially in the face of unpredictable demand fluctuations. Currently, with demands for increasing distribution efficiency, Indonesia, one of the largest LNG producers in Southeast Asia, faces a particular challenge in achieving efficiency in meeting domestic energy needs. To address the problem, the Indonesian government has initiated a program to streamline energy infrastructure development, focusing on LNG distribution in Eastern Indonesia. The study will use two distribution schemes, Milk-Run and Hub-Spoke, with different types of ship capacity to calculate operating costs. This study focuses on comparing the effectiveness of the two popular distribution schemes, the Milk-Run and the Hub-Spoke, especially in optimizing LNG distribution in the area. The data in this study was obtained from institutions that openly publish data in a digital system. The findings suggest that the Milk-Run distribution scheme was identified as an optimal solution for LNG delivery to multiple points from a single source for Northern and Southern Papua. The results of this study are expected to provide practical guidance to the parties concerned in their efforts to improve the efficiency of LNG distribution in eastern Indonesia and further study in other regions of Indonesia.
“You are doomed!" Crisis-specific and Dynamic Use of Fear Speech in Protest and Extremist Radical Social Movements
Authors: Greipl Simon , Hohner Julian , Schulze Heidi , Schwabl Patrick , Rieger Diana
Published: May 2024

Social media messages can elicit emotional reactions and mobilize users. Strategic utilization of emotionally charged messages, particularly those inducing fear, potentially nurtures a climate of threat and hostility online. Coined fear speech (FS), such communication deliberately portrays certain entities as imminently harmful and drives the perception of a threat, especially when the topic is already crisis-laden. Despite the notion that FS and the resulting climate of threat can serve as a justification for radical attitudes and behavior toward outgroups, research on the prevalence, nature, and context of FS is still scarce. The current paper aims to close this gap and provides a definition of FS, its theoretical foundations, and a starting point for (automatically) detecting FS on social media. The paper presents the results of a manual as well as an automated content analysis of three broadly categorized actor types within a larger radical German Telegram messaging sphere (2.9 million posts). With a rather conservative classification approach, we analyzed the prevalence and distribution of FS for more than five years in relation to six crisis-specific topics. A substantial proportion between 21% and 34% within the observed communication of radical/extremist actors was classified as FS. Additionally, the relative amount of FS was found to increase with the overall posting frequency. This underscores FS's potential as an indicator for radicalization dynamics and crisis escalation.
Influence of Supply Chain Technological Integration on the Performance of Formal Manufacturing Firms in Mombasa County, Kenya
Authors: Omar Farhana Faiz , Egessa Mathew , Ndolo Jackson
Published: May 2024

Technological integration within the supply chain has emerged as a pivotal determinant for the growth and competitiveness of manufacturing companies amidst the rapidly evolving business landscape. However, in Kenya, numerous firms encounter challenges in embracing and assimilating the latest technological advancements into their supply chain operations. This study aimed to assess the impact of supply chain technological integration on the performance of formal manufacturing firms in Mombasa County. Grounded on the Innovation Diffusion Theory, the research targeted 50 general procurement managers, 100 warehouse managers, and 100 general operation managers across 50 manufacturing enterprises. Utilizing the Yamane formula, a sample size of 152 respondents was determined, and data was collected through questionnaires. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS. The findings show that by enhancing operational efficacy and efficiency, the integration of supply chain technology significantly enhances overall business performance. Consequently, the study concludes that supply chain technological integration plays a positive role in influencing firm performance among formal manufacturing enterprises in Mombasa County. To optimize performance, it is recommended that firms invest in robust and reliable technologies. Furthermore, there is a need for additional research to explore the impact of supply chain technological integration on firm performance across diverse industries and regions within Kenya.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA ATUAÇÃO DO ENFERMEIRO NO ACOMPANHAMENTO NUTRICIONAL EM RECÉM-NASCIDOS PREMATUROS DE BAIXO PESO
Authors: Oliveira Luana Lorenzo , Santos Carlos Oliveira dos
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: identificar o papel do enfermeiro no acompanhamento nutricional em recém-nascidos prematuros de baixo peso, discorrer sobre as principais complicações e descrever a eficácia do Método Canguru e da amamentação. Materiais e Métodos: consiste em uma revisão bibliográfica, com busca em bases de dados relevantes, seleção de artigos e análise dos resultados. Resultados: destacam a atuação do enfermeiro na avaliação do estado de saúde dos recém-nascidos, coordenação da equipe multidisciplinar e prevenção de complicações nutricionais. Além disso, a abordagem multidisciplinar e a coordenação eficaz da equipe de saúde são ressaltadas como essenciais para garantir o desenvolvimento saudável dos recém-nascidos prematuros. Conclusão: ressalta o papel do enfermeiro na garantia do desenvolvimento saudável e da transição para a vida fora do útero para recém-nascidos prematuros de baixo peso. O enfermeiro desempenha funções como monitorização contínua, coordenação de cuidados multidisciplinares e apoio aos pais, além de promover o Método Canguru e a amamentação como alternativas acolhedoras. A nutrição adequada é enfatizada como crucial para o crescimento saudável, e o documento destaca a importância do leite materno e da prevenção e tratamento de complicações nutricionais.
ATUAÇÃO DO ENFERMEIRO NO RASTREAMENTO DO CÂNCER DO COLO DE ÚTERO EM MULHERES NA TERCEIRA IDADE A NÍVEL PRIMÁRIO
Authors: Souza Sara Carolina Silva de , Menezes Juliana Lopes
Published: May 2024

Este estudo aborda o câncer de colo de útero, com foco no papel crucial do enfermeiro na prevenção e detecção precoce na atenção básica, visando levar educação em saúde a mulheres na terceira idade bem como o papel delas durante o processo de investigação, dando acolhimento e suporte familiar adequado, tem como um dos focos servir de base de estudos para estudantes de enfermagem e profissionais da área da saúde que buscam conhecimento. Objetivo: De forma geral aborda a assistência de enfermagem utilizando a coleta como ferramenta de rastreio do câncer do colo de útero bem como de forma especifica identificar as barreiras que uma mulher na terceira idade tem em comparecer ao serviço de saúde  e  apontar a eficácia do estudo de rastreio do câncer do colo do útero e servindo de referencial para estudantes e profissionais de enfermagem na investigação do câncer de colo de útero. Métodos: a metodologia empregada envolveu uma pesquisa de conteúdo teórico, com uma revisão bibliográfica detalhada da literatura científica existente sobre o tema. Foi analisado estudos epidemiológicos, diretrizes de saúde pública e práticas clínicas relacionadas ao câncer de colo de útero nas bases de dados, foram utilizados Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS), Pubmed, Ministerio da Saúde, Organização Mundial da Saúde, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Caderno de Atenção Básica, Caderneta da Mulher. Resultados: A boa prática de enfermagem é crucial para um bom prognóstico no câncer de colo de útero, com programas de saúde eficazes atingindo um maior número de pessoas. O cuidado com mulheres idosas começa na adolescência, com vacinas promovendo a saúde ao longo da vida. O rastreamento é essencial para identificar o câncer, permitindo estratégias de assistência que visam a recuperação física e bem-estar emocional e social das pacientes. Conclusão: O enfermeiro desempenha um papel fundamental no rastreamento do câncer de colo de útero em mulheres idosas, com foco em educação, prevenção, exames e acompanhamento. Políticas de saúde incluem prevenção, detecção precoce e acesso ao tratamento, visando reduzir a incidência e mortalidade da doença e promover o bem-estar na terceira idade.
A EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE COMO UMA ESTRATÉGIA PARA A ENFERMAGEM NA PREVENÇÃO DO TABAGISMO NA ADOLESCÊNCIA
Authors: Silva Karinne Kétellyn Feitosa , Silva Krislley Karissy Feitosa , Santos Diana Góis dos
Published: May 2024

Introdução: O uso de tabaco entre os adolescentes é um problema a nível mundial, o seu consumo traz riscos e consequências a saúde. Objetivo: demonstrar os riscos e incentivos da recusa do tabaco. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica de caráter exploratório do tabagismo na adolescência, foram selecionados periódicos entre os anos de 2019 a 2023 e tem por objetivo descrever criteriosamente os riscos e malefícios. Resultado: A introdução ao tabagismo tem iniciado cada vez mais cedo, diante disso faz-se necessário a intervenção da enfermagem na prevenção do tabagismo de forma que conscientize e oriente os riscos do tabagismo. Conclusão: os estudos demonstram que o ato de fumar na adolescência traz um risco eminente a saúde, prejudicando o desenvolvimento do mesmo, sendo primordial que o enfermeiro, como profissional da saúde, preste assistência humanizada e educativas no intuito de ajudar os adolescentes a compreenderem os malefícios do hábito de fumar.
ACESSO À EDUCAÇÃO DE CRIANÇAS COM TRANSTORNO ESPECTRO AUTISTA SOB A ÉGIDE DO ORDENAMENTO JURÍDICO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Oliveira Leonardo Borges , Camargo Júnior Waldir Franco de
Published: May 2024

O presente projeto possui o objetivo de analisar o acesso ao direito fundamental da educação de crianças e adolescentes com o Transtorno Espectro Autista (TEA), levando em consideração às leis específicas e estatutos existentes criados para assegurar esse direito tão necessário e importante para a formação de uma pessoa, utilizando-se de pesquisa bibliográfica para sua fundamentação, através de artigos, livros e decisões judiciais que auxiliem e contribuam para o direito à contento. Sendo assim, levando em consideração a desigualdade existente no Brasil, em que o ensino de qualidade é restrito à apenas uma parcela pequena da população, faz-se necessário a implementação de políticas públicas que garantam esse direito assim como as escolas regulares, que precisam adotar estratégias pedagógicas para crianças portadoras desse transtorno, para que cada vez haja mais inclusão, e uma necessidade básica, não se torne inexistente.
AS OBRIGAÇÕES JURÍDICAS E OS DESAFIOS DA PETROBRAS NA IMPLANTAÇÃO DO DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL COMO MEIO DE PRESERVAÇÃO DO MEIO AMBIENTE
Authors: Silva Rita Tainara Alves da , Sousa Lucas Emanoel de , Leonel Ana Letícia Anarelli Rosati
Published: May 2024

O presente artigo aborda as obrigações jurídicas e os desafios da petrobrás na implantação do desenvolvimento sustentável como meio de preservação do meio ambiente. O presente artigo tem como objetivo geral: mostrar a importância, desafios e obrigações jurídicas para aplicar o desenvolvimento sustentável respeitando a política nacional do meio ambiente no brasil. De modo específico, tem-se os seguintes objetivos: analisar de forma sucinta o desenvolvimento sustentável adotados pelas empresas; identificar desafios e obrigações jurídicas que devem ser observado para aplicar o desenvolvimento sustentável nas empresas e; contextualizar  como a empresa petróbras incorpora o desenvolvimento sustentável nos processos internos e externos da organização. A metodologia partiu de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, na qual foram utilizados os autores: forbes (2023), freitas (2022), sarlet e marinoni (2022) e etc. Portanto, observou que o a responsabilidade das empresas em relação ao meio ambiente não se limita apenas ao cumprimento de obrigações legais, mas também envolve uma postura ética e responsável em relação aos impactos ambientais de suas atividades.
Socio-écosystèmes
Authors: Giraudoux Patrick
Published: May 2024

La notion de socio-écosystème répond à la nécessité de comprendre, dans l’Anthropocène, comment interagissent les processus adaptatifs dont résulte la coévolution des êtres vivants. Étudier les socio-écosystèmes, c’est tenir compte de la diversité des échelles d’espace et de temps afin de pénétrer l’enchevêtrement des forces écologiques, sociales et économiques dont émerge un ensemble de dynamiques complexes qui conditionnent l’habitabilité de la terre.Cet ouvrage analyse, par des cas concrets dans des socio-écosystèmes régionaux et sur plusieurs continents, comment la recherche-action a permis de trouver des réponses à des questions touchant à la fois à l’agriculture, la santé et la protection de la biodiversité. Il montre que ces entreprises n’auraient pu aboutir sans la mobilisation conjointe de pratiques liant la communauté des vivants et des objets, la communauté des savoirs et les communautés d’action. Ces exemples s’accompagnent également d’une réflexion sur les conditions qui permettent de mener ces recherches à leur terme.
La gestion et le contrôle intelligents des performances et de la sécurité dans l’IoT
Authors: Chalouf Mohamed-Aymen
Published: May 2024

L’Internet des objets (en anglais Internet of Things, IoT), aujourd’hui omniprésent, a grandement contribué à l’accroissement du trafic des données sur Internet. Les technologies d’accès IoT et les contraintes des objets peuvent causer des problèmes de performances et de sécurité. Cela démontre l’importance des défis liés à cet environnement comme le contrôle des communications radio et de l’accès au réseau, la gestion de la qualité de service et de la consommation énergétique ou l’implémentation de mécanismes de sécurité dédiés à l’IoT.En réponse à ces problématiques, cet ouvrage présente de nouvelles solutions pour la gestion et le contrôle des performances et de la sécurité dans l’IoT. L’originalité de ces propositions réside principalement dans l’utilisation de techniques intelligentes. Cette notion d’intelligence permet, entre autres, de supporter l’hétérogénéité des objets, leurs capacités limitées et la grande dynamique caractérisant l’IoT.
La fabrication additive des alliages métalliques 1
Authors: Peyre Patrice , Charkaluk Éric
Published: May 2024

Depuis une dizaine d’années, la fabrication additive révolutionne les modes de conception et d’élaboration en autorisant des libertés de design et des fonctionnalités inaccessibles avec les procédés conventionnels, provoquant un engouement extraordinaire de la part des milieux industriels et académiques.La fabrication additive des alliages métalliques 1 présente un état de l’art de la fabrication additive et de ses différents procédés, allant des matériaux métalliques de départ (sous forme de poudre ou de fil) jusqu’à leurs propriétés après élaboration. Il analyse les matériaux métalliques et la matière de base ainsi que les différents procédés d’élaboration actuels et ceux en devenir. Il précise les principes physiques fondamentaux mis en jeu et la simulation numérique des procédés.Cet ouvrage offre, pour chaque thématique, un équilibre entre des notions de base et des aspects plus avancés, afin de constituer l’équivalent d’un précis de fabrication additive métallique autant utile aux professionnels du domaine qu’au grand public.
Modeling atmospheric brown carbon in the GISS ModelE Earth system model
Authors: DeLessio Maegan A. , Tsigaridis Kostas , Bauer Susanne E. , Chowdhary Jacek , Schuster Gregory L.
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Brown carbon (BrC) is an absorbing organic aerosol (OA), primarily emitted through biomass burning (BB), which exhibits light absorption unique to both black carbon (BC) and other organic aerosols. Despite many field and laboratory studies seeking to constrain BrC properties, the radiative forcing (RF) of BrC is still highly uncertain. To better understand its climate impact, we introduced BrC to the One-Moment Aerosol (OMA) module of the GISS ModelE Earth system model (ESM). We assessed ModelE sensitivity to primary BrC processed through a novel chemical aging scheme and to secondary BrC formed from biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs). Initial results show that BrC typically contributes a top-of-the-atmosphere (TOA) radiative effect of 0.04 W m−2. Sensitivity tests indicate that explicitly simulating BrC (separating it from other OAs), including secondary BrC, and simulating chemical bleaching of BrC contribute distinguishable radiative effects and should be accounted for in BrC schemes. This addition of prognostic BrC to ModelE allows greater physical and chemical complexity in OA representation with no apparent trade-off in model performance, as the evaluation of ModelE aerosol optical depth against Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) retrieval data, with and without the BrC scheme, reveals similar skill in both cases. Thus, BrC should be explicitly simulated to allow more physically based chemical composition, which is crucial for more detailed OA studies like comparisons to in situ measurement campaigns. We include a summary of best practices for BrC representation within ModelE at the end of this paper.
WRF-PDAF v1.0: implementation and application of an online localized ensemble data assimilation framework
Authors: Shao Changliang , Nerger Lars
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Data assimilation is a common technique employed to estimate the state and its associated uncertainties in numerical models. Ensemble-based methods are a prevalent choice, although they can be computationally expensive due to the required ensemble integrations. In this study, we enhance the capabilities of the Weather Research and Forecasting–Advanced Research WRF (WRF-ARW) model by coupling it with the Parallel Data Assimilation Framework (PDAF) in a fully online mode. Through minimal modifications to the WRF-ARW model code, we have developed an efficient data assimilation system. This system leverages parallelization and in-memory data transfers between the model and data assimilation processes, greatly reducing the need for file I/O and model restarts during assimilation. We detail the necessary program modifications in this study. One advantage of the resulting assimilation system is a clear separation of concerns between data assimilation method development and model application resulting from PDAF's model-agnostic structure. To evaluate the assimilation system, we conduct a twin experiment simulating an idealized tropical cyclone. Cycled data assimilation experiments focus on the impact of temperature profiles. The assimilation not only significantly enhances temperature field accuracy but also improves the initial U and V fields. The assimilation process introduces only minimal overhead in runtime when compared to the model without data assimilation and exhibits excellent parallel performance. Consequently, the online WRF-PDAF system emerges as an efficient framework for implementing high-resolution mesoscale forecasting and reanalysis.
Como se dá a Desconsideração da personalidade jurídica nas licitações e nos contratos administrativos?
Authors: Alves Andrade Guarido Fernanda
Published: May 2024

Objetiva-se com este opinativo descrever o incidente de desconsideração da personalidade jurídica no âmbito das licitações e dos contratos administrativos. Para tanto, será realizado um breve arrazoado acerca do surgimento da pessoa jurídica, de sua aquisição e capacidade e da sua autonomia. Em seguida será apresentada história de surgimento da disregard doctrine no mundo e no Brasil. Os atos normativos que a contemplam serão citados para, em seguida, analisar a aplicação do instituto no âmbito administrativo. A jurisprudência do Superior Tribunal de Justiça, do Tribunal de Justiça do Paraná e do Tribunal de Contas da União será invocada, a fim de ilustrar a prática da despersonalização da pessoa jurídica em âmbito administrativo. Na sequência, com base no artigo 160 e no rito previsto no Código de Processo Civil, no que cabível, far-se-á um esforço para descrever o rito da desconsideração da personalidade jurídica. Ao final serão apresentadas as considerações finais, otimistas, segundo se entende, na contribuição que a ferramenta pode trazer à legitimação de processos punitivos e na efetividade de sanções aplicadas.
Perspectiva de melhor institucionalização do diálogo a partir da experiência do programa de saneamento da bacia da estrada nova (PROMABEN)
Authors: Tavares Monteiro Gustavo
Published: May 2024

This article addresses the poor institutionalization of dialogue between the Municipality of Belém and the population affected by the first phase of PROMABEN in the Estrada Nova basin, seeking to propose mechanisms to strengthen dialogue in similar projects. The text begins with the observation that the legal acts institutionalizing public policy did not set up conditions for community participation. This deficiency resulted in an insufficient guarantee of the right to housing, limiting the potential benefits of community participation, and increasing the negative impacts of resettlement. Afterwards, the article discusses the need to overcome the traditional ideological basis of Brazilian administrative law, moving towards legal institutions and technologies that promote the democratic values and political pluralism of the 1988 Constitution. The article states that dialogue with the population must be a democratic principle, not just a bureaucratic procedure. In the end, the paper propose four measures as potentially improving the effectiveness of dialogue in projects like PROMABEN: establishment of permanent mechanisms for political participation in municipalities; integration of dialogue compliance analysis into credit operations; strengthening dialogue processes in environmental licensing and works bidding procedures; and implement project social compliance assessment mechanisms.
La ciudad perdida y Terroristi a Madrid (1955): dos versiones cinematográficas basadas en la novela de Mercedes Formica
Authors: Rodríguez Fidalgo Mª Isabel , Paíno Ambrosio Adriana , Soler Gallo Miguel
Published: May 2024

Este artículo analiza, desde el punto de vista comparativo, la adaptación cinematográfica de La ciudad perdida (1951), obra literaria original de Mercedes Formica. Al igual que la novela, la película dirigida por Margarita Alexandre y Rafael María Torrecilla sufrió las consecuencias de la censura dando lugar a dos versiones en 1955: una española (La ciudad perdida) y una italiana (Terroristi a Madrid). Esta investigación ha permitido identificar cambios sustanciales entre las dos películas que afectan a aspectos tan importantes como el guion y el montaje, y que están ligados a la construcción de la imagen de los dos protagonistas principales, Rafa y María. Esto conduce a dos miradas diferentes: la impuesta por la censura y la de los autores.
Reacción o proacción comunicativa: propuesta de análisis diacrónico para explorar el debate sobre fenómenos migratorios en sede parlamentaria
Authors: Calzada Pérez María
Published: May 2024

Desde la lingüística de corpus, el presente trabajo propone una innovadora metodología cuantitativa/cualitativa, para analizar, de forma crítica y diacrónica, la comunicación parlamentaria sobre fenómenos migratorios (en concreto, acerca de refugiados y refugiadas). Tras la introducción (apartado 1), en el apartado 2 se describen los conceptos sociopolíticos y lingüísticos de Zapata-Barrero y Wodak, con los que se construye el método analítico. El apartado 3 presenta los textos, las herramientas y fases del artículo. En el apartado 4, se pone a prueba el modelo con el examen de las colocaciones en torno al nodo REFUG* en el transcurso de tres fases históricas del Congreso de los Diputados de España. El artículo concluye con la constancia de la efectividad del modelo analítico propuesto.
¿Los mejores años de nuestra vida? Clasificación y caracterización de las comedias durante los primeros gobiernos socialistas (1982-1996)
Authors: Pérez Morán Ernesto
Published: May 2024

El 28 de octubre de 1982, el Partido Socialista Obrero Español ganaba las elecciones generales en España con una holgada mayoría absoluta que le permitiría abrir un periodo de quince años en el gobierno. Proponemos aquí una clasificación de las comedias más taquilleras de los primeros gobiernos socialistas (1982-1996), empezando por aquellas que remiten de uno u otro modo al cine franquista o tardofranquista, y que denominaremos las comedias de otra época. Por otra parte aparecen los filmes de época en clave cómica como segundo grupo; y como tercero, lo que denominaremos las comedias de la nueva época, exponentes de la renovación del cine español y que, como el segundo grupo, han sido más estudiadas. Una vez establecida esa clasificación tentativa, perfilaremos las principales características de este corpus tripartito.
El viaje del concursante. Inmersión en los Quiz Shows televisivos bajo el paradigma del relato del héroe
Authors: Toledo Aral Sergio , Gordillo Inmaculada
Published: May 2024

En esta investigación se aborda el paradigma del viaje del héroe como sustento de la estructura narrativa de los concursos de preguntas y respuestas. Se aplican los modelos de Campbell, Vogler y Sánchez-Escalonilla a una muestra representativa de quiz shows españoles con el objetivo de comprobar si los formatos de preguntas y respuestas en televisión presentan una narrativa similar a los relatos de ficción que se basan en la estructura del viaje del héroe. Se han analizado los programas a nivel de estructura y significado semántico, utilizando una metodología exploratoria descriptiva. Tras el análisis y la aplicación de la metodología se ha comprobado el paralelismo entre el relato épico ficcional y los casos elegidos para la muestra. El resultado es la creación de un modelo específico de aplicación a los concursos -‘el viaje del concursante’- extrapolable a los quiz shows televisivos en general.
Impact of Parents’ Education on Social Adjustment of Girls Students at the Secondary Level
Authors: Parveen Abida , Anwar Asiya , Ahmad Mushtaq
Published: May 2024

The study sought to determine the impact of parental education on the social adjustment of girls at secondary level schooling. The study will be significant for the stakeholders of education e.g. parents. The study will also be useful for secondary school teachers concerning social adjustment. The study's population consisted of all female students in their last year of secondary school certificate "SSC" in 91 girls' Government secondary schools in the district of Sargodha. The study's sample consisted of 400 students chosen at random from nine (10%). A self-created questionnaire was employed, and data was gathered by the researchers themselves. Cronbach Alpha, the dependability coefficient, was 0.72.  The data was analyzed by using descriptive statistics (frequency, mean scores, SD, etc.) and inferential statistics (t-test and Pearson r). The major findings were that as the students' mothers' and fathers' education levels increased, so did their social adjustment level also enhance. A positive but weak link was discovered between female students' adjustment and their parents' education. It is recommended that head teachers and teachers raise awareness among parents during parent-teacher meetings to help female students gain confidence and prepare for social adjustment.
PEMILU DAN BELA NEGARA
Authors: Syam Radian
Published: May 2024

Pasca Reformasi, Indonesia telah menyelenggarakan pemilu langsung sebanyak lima kali, yaitu pada tahun 2004, 2009, 2014, 2019, dan 2024. Dalam pemilu ini, rakyat dapat memilih langsung presiden, wakil presiden, serta anggota legislatif yang akan memimpin Negara Republik Indonesia. Namun, isu suku, agama, dan ras (SARA) masih sering digunakan untuk mempengaruhi kecenderungan pemilih dalam pertarungan politik antar kandidat. Dari sudut pandang pertahanan negara, isu suku, agama, dan ras (SARA) dalam kampanye politik merupakan ancaman bagi keutuhan dan persatuan bangsa. Pemilu yang awalnya berfungsi sebagai alat pemersatu dapat berubah menjadi alat pemecah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran serta konstruksi bela negara yang dapat diterapkan dalam konteks politik seperti pemilu, terutama untuk mengatasi masalah isu suku, agama, dan ras yang sering terjadi. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan panduan bagi para pemangku kepentingan, baik itu bagi para peserta maupun penyelenggara pemilu, dalam menyusun langkah strategis untuk mengatasi politisasi SARA pada setiap perhelatan pemilu di Indonesia.
THE IMPACT OF MILITARY ACTIONS ON UNIQUE NATURAL OBJECTS OF KHARKIV REGION
Authors: Rybalova Olga , Matsak Anton , Artemiev Sergey , Bryhada Olena , Ilinskyi Oleksii
Published: May 2024

This article explores the impact of military actions on unique natural objects in the Kharkiv region. A comprehensive analysis of the consequences of armed conflicts on the natural environment and nature reserves of the region has been conducted. In particular, aspects such as loss of biodiversity, pollution of water resources, and damage to ecosystems are examined. The article also discusses possible measures for the restoration and preservation of natural objects after military events, aimed at restoring ecological balance and ensuring the stability of natural ecosystems in the region. Risk calculations for public health due to soil pollution after a forest fire in the "FELDMAN ECO-PARK" show that the risk corresponds to Class 4 for mobile forms and gross content of pollutants (significant impact, severe acute effects). The use of a methodological approach to assess potential health risks allows determining the level of danger of recreational activities in the eco-park, identifying priorities for the implementation of nature conservation measures.
Conducting such research will help identify effective ways of restoring and preserving natural ecosystems in the area affected by Russian aggression, ensuring their sustainable functioning in the future. The restoration of the eco-park is not only about designing and building new enclosures and playgrounds. It is also about restoring the ecosystem, a unique nature reserve for preserving biodiversity and rare species of animals and plants.
According to various estimates, complete cleaning of forests and other areas from explosive remnants of war may take from one to several decades after the end of hostilities. Therefore, it is crucial for the international community to take responsibility for protecting nature and the environment during armed conflicts and contribute to its further development. The Protocol to the Geneva Conventions calls for protecting nature from war damage, representing a significant direction in international law recognized by many countries worldwide.
Les sources du passé simple jusqu’à la cible : Le PSG et l’enaction
Authors: Favre Michel
Published: May 2024

Le passé simple gnomique – désormais PSG – n’est pas mentionné dans toutes les grammaires et quand il l’est, c’est toujours de manière fort lapidaire : il exprime une « vérité générale » et se trouve assorti d’un exemple, lequel est souvent un alexandrin de Racine ou de Boileau. Dans cette contribution, il s’agira tout d’abord d’indiquer l’étymologie de l’adjectif gnomique, les origines du passé simple. Puis la notion d’enaction sera abordée car elle se révèle particulièrement importante par rapport au PSG. Et dans ce sens, non moins importants sont les constituants, le groupe nominal et le groupe verbal, dont l’adverbe, lequel joue un rôle absolument primordial. En effet, sans la présence de celui-ci, le passé simple ne pourrait en aucune manière être gnomique.
A Importância do Ensino dos Direitos Constitucionais na Formação Cidadã
Authors: Bezerra Glenda Grazielly , Araújo Handerson Reinaldo , Moura Humberto dos Reis
Published: May 2024

A Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (LDB) prevê a matriz comum curricular da educação básica (Educação Infantil, Ensino Fundamental e Médio), que estabelece as disciplinas obrigatórias e facultativas, além das competências e habilidades a serem desenvolvidas em cada etapa da educação básica. No entanto, a matriz comum curricular não é um fim em si mesmo, mas um meio para se atingir um nível satisfatório quanto à aprendizagem e ao desenvolvimento da capacidade crítico-reflexiva do educando. Mas a matriz comum curricular, nos termos descritos pela Lei nº 9.394/96, é suficiente para tornar o cidadão emancipado quanto aos seus direitos sociais e políticos? É a partir dessa perspectiva que, por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática, em que foram selecionados, analisados e interpretados textos que auxiliaram direta ou indiretamente na resolução do problema proposto,  devidamente indicados nas referências, objetivou-se analisar neste artigo se a institucionalização do ensino dos direitos e garantias previstos na Constituição da República de 1988 na educação básica (Educação Infantil, Ensino Fundamental e Médio) das escolas brasileiras pode possibilitar a emancipação social e política do cidadão. Concluiu-se que a institucionalização do ensino dos direitos e garantias fundamentais previstos expressamente no texto constitucional de 1988 nas escolas brasileiras por meio de uma formação específica é essencial e pode possibilitar a emancipação social e política plena do cidadão. Desse modo, infere-se que a tomada de consciência da importância da participação cidadã e da contribuição da qualificação do debate na esfera pública estão diretamente relacionados ao conhecimento dos direitos constitucionais.
Saúde: Quais são as percepções e interesses de estudantes da Educação Básica?
Authors: Perdomo Junior Joelio Dias , Menezes Karla  Mendonça , Soares Félix Alexandre Antunes
Published: May 2024

A saúde é um tema latente e constantemente presente nos espaços escolares. O presente estudo objetivou analisar as percepções e os interesses dos estudantes sobre a temática em questão. O mesmo ocorreu em uma escola da rede municipal de Santa Maria/RS. Com delineamento descritivo, utilizou-se como recurso metodológico um questionário semiestruturado submetido posteriormente à análise de conteúdo. Os resultados revelaram que a maioria dos estudantes percebem a saúde associada ao bem-estar, e para 100% dos estudantes é importante a discussão da temática saúde no contexto escolar. Constatou-se que 54,3% dos estudantes referiram nunca ter participado de atividades relacionadas à saúde na escola. Entretanto, quando desenvolvidas, as ações mais frequentes foram palestras. A área do conhecimento Ciências (63,9%) destacou-se por abordar questões ligadas à saúde, seguida por Ensino Religioso (39,8%) e Educação Física (34,9%). Dentre os temas de interesse apontados pelos dos estudantes, destacaram-se: saúde mental (71,1%) e alimentação (68,7%). As percepções dos estudantes sobre a saúde e seus interesses demostram a necessidade de haver parcerias entre os profissionais da educação e da saúde, visando a sistematização e a implementação de formações, ações e projetos que objetivem a promoção da saúde.
Formulation and Evaluation of Ketoprofen Emulgel for Topical Drug Delivery System
Authors: S. Shaikh Junaid , D. Barhate Shashikant.
Published: May 2024

Emulgel have emerged as an auspicious drug delivery system for the delivery of hydrophobic drugs. The impartial of the study was to prepare emulgel of ketoprofen, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, using Carbopol 940 as a gelling agent. Mentha oil and clove oil were used as diffusion enhancers. The emulsion was prepared and it was combined in a gel base. The formulations were evaluated for spreading coefficient studies, rheological studies, and ex vivo release studies. Formulations F2 and F3 show maximum release. So, it can be concluded that topical emulgel of ketoprofen possesses an effective anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity.