bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical modeling of paddling blades activity
Authors: Чепурко С.И. , Яковлев А.Ю.
Published: September 2021

Гребные лопатки являются основным рабочим органом движителей, использующих для создания тяги силу сопротивления движению тела в жидкости. К таким движителям традиционно относятся гребные колеса, весельные движители и ряд бионических движителей живых существ. Целью работы является исследование и выявление гидродинамических особенностей работы гребных лопаток. Исследование выполнено с помощью численного моделирования работы лопаток в пакете OpenFoam. Для моделирования движения лопаток используется технология подвижных сеток. Алгоритм проведения расчетов был верифицирован на основе известных экспериментальных данных движения плохообтекаемых тел в жидкости. Исследовательские расчеты проводились в плоском и трехмерном случае, при четырех значениях числа Струхаля. Было выявлено образование шахматной дорожки вихрей переменного шага за движущейся лопаткой. Механизм возникновения этих вихрей, параметры и диапазон скоростей их существования существенно отличаются от известного решения Кармана для вихревой дорожки. Так же был подтвержден сугубо нестационарный характер сил, действующих на лопатке, и определена зависимость этих сил от числа Струхаля.

The paddling blades are the main working body of the propulsors, which use resistance force of the body movement of in liquid to create the thrust. Such propulsors traditionally include paddle wheels, paddles, and a number of bionic propulsors of living things. The purpose of the work is to study and identify the hydrodynamic features of the paddling blades. The study was performed using numerical simulation of the blades operation in the OpenFOAM package. The technology of movable grids is used to simulate the blades movement. The calculation algorithm was verified on the basis of known experimental data on the poorly-flowing bodies motion in a liquid. The research calculations were carried out in the flat and three-dimensional case, with four Strouhal number values. The formation was revealed of a checkerboard vortices track with variable pitch behind the moving blade. The occurrence mechanism of these vortices, the parameters and the range of velocities of their existence differ significantly from the known Karman solution for a vortex path. The purely non-stationary nature was also confirmed of the forces acting on the blade, and the dependence was determined of these forces on the Strouhal number.
Development of physical models for calculating thermal fields in wet underwater welding
Authors: Мурзин В.В. , Сое К.М.
Published: September 2021

В статье рассматривается влияние на развитие технологии мокрой подводной сварки использование методов математического моделирования значительно облегчает исследование тепловых потоков, что позволяет рассчитать скорость охлаждения металла в опасном диапазоне температур (800-500оС) и определить свойства металла сварного соединения. Определяющую роль в сварке играет теплообмен, который формирует протекание физико-химических, диффузионных, гидродинамических процессов. Форма сварочной ванны, а значит, объем и теплосодержание характеризуется ее длиной, шириной, толщиной и глубиной проплавления основного металла. Сварочная ванна ограничивается изотермической поверхностью, имеющей температуру плавления основного металла. Предполагается, что на свойства сварного соединения влияет только энергия, поступающая в основной металл. В известных физических образах и математических моделях теплового процесса сварки и наплавки не рассматривается, какое влияние на околошовную зону оказывают потоки теплоты от объема (массы) металла сварочной ванны, хотя в некоторых моделях изучается влияние скрытой теплоты плавления на тепловое состояние основного металла.

The article discusses the impact on the development of wet underwater welding technology the use of mathematical modeling methods significantly facilitates the study of heat flows, which allows us to calculate the cooling rate of the metal in the dangerous temperature range (800-500oC) and determine the properties of the metal of the welded joint. The decisive role in welding is played by heat transfer, which forms the flow of physico-chemical, diffusion, and hydrodynamic processes. The shape of the weld pool, and hence the volume and heat content, is characterized by its length, width, thickness, and depth of penetration of the base metal. The welding bath is limited to an isothermal surface having a melting point of the base metal. It is assumed that the properties of the welded joint are affected only by the energy entering the base metal. In the known physical images and mathematical models of the thermal process of welding and surfacing, it is not considered what effect the heat fluxes from the volume (mass) have on the near-seam zone) the effect of the latent heat of melting on the thermal state of the base metal is studied in some models.
Psichogeniniai neepilepsiniai traukuliai
Authors: Leonavičius Julius , Leonavičius Rytis
Published: September 2021

Psichogeniniai neepilepsiniai traukuliai – tai pakankamai dažnas sindromas, pasireiškiantis nuo dviejų iki 33 atvejų 100 tūks. populiacijos. Nepaisant to, kad šis sindromas seniai žinomas medicinos visuomenėje, jo tikslus pavadinimas vis dar nėra vienalytis ir literatūroje galima sutikti skirtingus šio sutrikimo pavadinimus. Sutrikimo diagnostika taip pat kelia iššūkius tiek šeimos gydytojams, tiek skubiosios medicinos pagalbos, neurologijos arba psichiatrijos skyrių specialistams. Tai lemia gydymo problemas bei pasveikimo rezultatus. Šių sutrikimų priskyrimas konversiniams-disociaciniams sutrikimams taip pat kelia nepasitenkinimą pacientams, kurie nenori, kad jų problema būtų vertinama kaip susijusi su psichiatrija. Vaikams psichogeniniai neepilepsiniai traukuliai pasireiškia skirtingais simptomais nei suaugusiesiems ir yra lengviau gydomi. Jeigu sutrikimas nebuvo gydymas ir tęsiasi 10–20 metų, pasveikimo galimybės yra abejotinos „Auksiniu“ šio sutrikimo diagnostikos standartu yra vaizdo EEG, kurios metu galima vizualizuoti traukulius, tačiau EEG jų nefiksuoja. Nepaisant to, kad šių sutrikimų gydymui plačiai vartojami priešepilepsiniai vaistai, vis dažniau jų korekcijai pasitelkiama kognityvinė elgesio terapija. Šio straipsnio tikslas – apžvelgti dažniausius psichogeninių neepilepsinių traukulių pasireiškimo savitumus, diagnostikos problemas, gydymo galimybes ir prognozes.
Analysis of factors affecting the efficiency of thermosyphones
Authors:   The Kosygin State University of Russia, Tyurin M. P. , Borodina E. S. ,   The Kosygin State University of Russia
Published: September 2021

The paper provides a review and analysis of research works aimed at studying the factors that affect the efficiency and reliability of closed two-phase thermosyphons as heat utilizers of heat technological emissions. Factors such as the geometric characteristics of thermosyphons and their ratio, the angles of inclination of the evaporation and condensation surfaces, the degree of filling of the thermosyphon pipe, the state and physical properties of the evaporation and condensation surfaces, the influence of acoustic and vibration influences on the efficiency of heat and mass transfer, as well as their use in as working bodies of nanofluids.
El poder de las coyas en los documentos e imágenes (siglos XVI y XVII)
Authors: Moyano-Chiang Giuliana
Published: September 2021

Este texto se acerca a los documentos de archivo, textos e imágenes más relevantes que se relacionan con María Cusi Huarcay Coya, Beatriz Clara Coya y Ana María Coya. Estas coyas o reinas incas ejercieron el poder de su linaje en el virreinato del Perú entre la segunda mitad del siglo XVI y los primeros años del siglo XVII. El poder se percibe como múltiples formas en que las mujeres con un rango o dignidad real llegaron a crear alianzas, sobre todo mediante el vínculo del matrimonio. Este artículo también explora las imágenes que se crearon sobre los matrimonios de las descendientes incas y la relación de los textos con estas representaciones.
Uptodate about techniques for the neonatal screening values of bilirubin levels used for jaundice
Authors:   Neonatologie, Spitalul Clinic Filantropia, Bucureşti, România, DIMA Vlad , SIMIONESCU Anca Angela ,   Obstetrică-Ginecologie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, România,   Obstetrică-Ginecologie, Spitalul Clinic Filantropia, Bucureşti, România, STĂNESCU Ana Maria Alexandra ,   Medicină de familie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, România, CALOMFIRESCU-AVRAMESCU Andreea ,   Neonatologie, Spitalul Clinic Filantropia, Bucureşti, România, BOGHIȚOIU Dora ,   Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţă pentru Copii „Grigore Alexandrescu”, Bucureşti, România,   Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, România
Published: September 2021

Neonatal jaundice is one of the main factors responsible for maternal stress and the increasing length of hospitalization in the first days after birth. Therefore, accurately determining bilirubin values with low costs investment is essential to guide a quickly and effectively treated. This article aims to review the main techniques used in current practice to measure bilirubin levels in the newborn and establish the correlation between treatment and monitoring. Thus, we will present the working methods for transcutaneous bilirubin measurement, continuous transcutaneous bilirubin monitoring simultaneously with vital signs and serum bilirubin measurement. Furthermore, we will present the main differences in the evaluation in normal weight and premature newborns. In conclusion, the measurement of bilirubin in the newborn contributes to initiating the phototherapy and the decrease of kernicterus cases with significant neurological consequences.
Particular clinical and morphological aspects in a case of parotid basal cell adenoma
Authors:   Disciplina Chirurgie oro-maxilo-facială, Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie Craiova, Munteanu Maria Cristina , Mărgăritescu Claudiu ,   Disciplina Anatomie patologică, Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie Craiova, Rauten Ane-Marie ,   Disciplina Ortodonţie, Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie Craiova, Florescu Alma ,   Disciplina Protetică, Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie Craiova, Anghelina Florin ,   Disciplina ORL, Facultatea de Medicină Generală, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie Craiova, Camen Adrian ,   Disciplina Chirurgie oro-maxilo-facială, Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie Craiova
Published: September 2021

The basal cell adenoma (BCA) is a rare tumor entity of the salivary glands. It represents an adenoma monomorphic form, first mentioned by Kleinasser and Klein in 1967. (13) The most frequent location is at the level of the parotid gland. It presents itself usually as a tumorous firm mass, mobile, with slow increase. Microscopically, the tumour contains monomorphic basal cells with the absence of myoepithelial cells. Histologically, it is characterised by the presence of hilar stroma presence, soft, and with the absence of the myxoid or chondroid stroma. It presents similarities with the mixed tumour, but also with the adenocarcinoma with basal cells and with the cystic adenoid carcinoma. Therefore, questions may arise regarding the diagnostic and treatment. It tends to be multifocal and the rate of relapse after the surgical excision is high. Taking into consideration all these aspects, in this paper we would want to show a case of adenoma with basal cells with parotid localization which presented a series of clinical-morphological particularities in parallels with the data existing in the specialized literature.
The correlation between motor and cognitive scores provided by FIM and SF-36 in patients undergoing an adapted post-stroke rehabilitation program
Authors:   Universitatea de Medicinǎ şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Mitoiu Brînduşa Ilinca ,   Clinica universitarǎ III, Institutul Naţional de Recuperare, Medicinǎ Fizicǎ şi Balneoclimatologie, Bucureşti, Nica Adriana Sarah ,   Universitatea de Medicinǎ şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti,   Clinica universitarǎ III, Institutul Naţional de Recuperare, Medicinǎ Fizicǎ şi Balneoclimatologie, Bucureşti, Guşiţă Veronica Elena ,   Centrul Medical Gorjului, Ojoga Florina ,   Universitatea de Medicinǎ şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti,   Clinica universitarǎ III, Institutul Naţional de Recuperare, Medicinǎ Fizicǎ şi Balneoclimatologie, Bucureşti
Published: September 2021

Introduction. Stroke, followed by a suite of various clinical manifestations grouped around spastic hemiparesis characterized by the motor component, represents the third leading cause of mortality and morbidity and the leading cause of long term disability in adults at European level. In this context, the selection of optimal models for assessing functional status is a key element to outline then the real objectives of the rehabilitation program. Methods. A survey was taken in a series of patients with spastic hemiparesis 2 months to 4 years after stroke, with cognitive level and adherence tailored for the rehabilitation program and no history of mental illness or locomotor impairement. Patients were evaluated at admission using FIM and SF-36, followed a personalized therapeutic program consisting of physical therapy, electrotherapy, thermotherapy, massage, orthotics and specific treatment of the underlying disease. The same assessment was done at discharge and 6 months after it. Results and discussion. Biostatistics finds a strong, direct and statistically significant correlation between the motor component of FIM and the same one of the SF-36, and a moderate, direct and statistically significant correlation between the cognitive component of FIM and the same one of the SF-36. Conclusions. SF-36 provides important information about motor and cognitive state of patients with spastic hemiparesis and is a useful alternative for evaluation in a rehabilitation clinic, especially for patients with post stroke sequelae.
Oral status assessment’s method in patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors:   Disciplina de Protetică Dentară Fixă şi Ocluzologie, Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Măcriş Andrei , Motoi Otilia ,   Disciplina de Medicină Internă şi Nefrologie, Facultatea de Medicină Generală, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti
Published: September 2021

Aim. Designing a complex assessment questionnaire of oral status and quality of life in terms of oral health in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Material and method. This study is required because there are lacks of information in Romania, related to oral status of patients with chronic kidney disease – chronic renal failure, with or without nephritic syndrome, with or without dialysis. Rationale study was conducted by internationally indexed database query. The design study consists to finally obtain a questionnaire to collect medical information related to: the stage of kidney disease, main cardiac, liver, skeletal system diseases and also diabetes. All these are related with specific medication and its influence on oral cavity. There has been collected biochemistry data with relevance in chronic renal failure related to the oral status, oral symptomatology – the presence or absence of roots, toothless, the xerostomia. Also we obtain data about denture presence or absence, quality of life trough prosthetic efficiency – chewing efficiency – for hard and soft foods, esthetic satisfaction, sanitization effectiveness, necessity and effectiveness of dental treatment. The questionnaire is applied to a group of patients with renal impairment and, by comparison, to a group of patients without renal impairment. Results and conclusions. The final form of a pre-test questionnaire has been obtained. After applying the two groups of patients: were correct errors of form and were subsequently excluded sections with insufficient data, were optimize application time, readjusted methodology subjects inclusion/exclusion.
Comparing national guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of melanoma with international guidelines. What is missing?
Authors:   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Avram Alina Mariana , Dinu Veronica ,   Clinica I Dermatologie, Spitalul Clinic Colentina, Bucureşti, Clonţia Lavinia ,   Centrul Medical de Diagnostic şi Tratament „Dr. Victor Babeş“, Bucureşti
Published: September 2021

Cutaneous melanoma represents currently a public health problem of worldwide importance. Curative potential in the early stages, the low survival rate in advanced stages, but also the young age of many patients at diagnosis, highlights the need for early detection and appropriate treatment for each case in order to minimize the risk of metastasis. In Romania more than a quarter of patients that are diagnosed with melanoma present advanced disease, stages III and IV AJCC (American Joint Committee on Cancer), with poor prognosis. Clinical guidelines for diagnosis and treatment are essential tools, based on evidence developed by experts in the field, which reflect the best data available at the time, meant to help clinicians treat melanoma cases. Although cutaneous melanoma represents an important health problem in our country, at the moment, Romania is one of the countries where a complete and periodically reviewed guideline for diagnosis and treatment of melanoma is lacking. Also, in the absence of a uniform approach of these cases in our country the risk of errors can be very high. We aim to review and compare the consensus guidelines of melanoma in USA (NCCN – National Comprehensive Cancer Network) and Europe (guidelines issued by ESMO – the European Society for Medical Oncology and the European guideline developed by EADO – the European Association of Dermato-Oncology and EORTC – European Organization of Research and Treatment of Cancer) with our guideline proposed by the National Health Ministry, presenting their indications in the treatment of the primary tumor, sentinel node biopsy, adjuvant therapy, chemotherapy and patient follow-up recommendations.
Education and health, components of human development
Authors:   Editura Academiei de Studii Economice, Bucureşti, Buşoi Simona
Published: September 2021

Education and health are components of human capital, but also of human development. Man, through his creative force, it was considered an economic resource. Although intangible assets – human capital as main component of intellectual capital – are those that generate growth and development, we are currently witnessing a paradigm shift in economic and social field: human been is no longer regarded as a resource, as means to growth and development, but his welfare constitutes the very purpose of growth and development. This paper aims to present some interdependences between education and health as components of human development.
EARLY-ONSET COLORECTAL CANCER: CLINICO-PATHOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS (EOCRC)
Authors:   Emergency University Hospital Bucharest, Comandasu Meda Laura , Suliman Emel ,   Emergency University Hospital Bucharest, Rusu Octavia ,   Emergency University Hospital Bucharest, Savlovschi C. ,   Emergency University Hospital Bucharest, Oprescu S. ,   Emergency University Hospital Bucharest
Published: September 2021

Objective. The purpose of this study is to analyse histopathological and clinical characteristics of EOCRC. Colorectal cancer was formerly considered as a disease of senescent age; in the last years, it is a noticeable trend of growing incidence among young people (aged between 20 and 45 years). Few of newly diagnosed cases are inherited and most of them are sporadic. Material and method. The authors studied retrospectively a series of 33 cases of early onset colorectal cancer, 17 men and 16 women, with ages below 45 years, admitted between January 2009 and January 2015 in II and IV Surgical Wards of Emergency University Hospital Bucharest. Results. Colorectal cancer in young adults tends to be an aggressive disease with dominant distal location (68.5% of all cases), mostly adenocarcinomas (96.6%) with moderate to poorly differentiated types (51.4% G2 and G3), diagnosed in advanced stages (57.6% stages III and IV), with high frequency of complications (33% presented with peritoneal carcinomatosis and 9% died during hospitalization). Conclusions. EOCRC is a heterogenous group regarding etiopathogeny, localization and histopathological features of the tumor, with aggresive histopathological types, diagnosed in advanced stages. It may be necessary to elaborate new screening protocols for colorectal cancer in young adults and to fi nd clinical and biological markers that are indicating high-risk patients.
Evaluation of quality of life in prostate cancer patients
Authors:   Spitalul Clinic „Prof. Dr. Th. Burghele“, Clinica de Urologie, Bucureşti, Aurelian Justin ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Badescu Daniel ,   Spitalul Clinic „Prof. Dr. Th. Burghele“, Clinica de Urologie, Bucureşti,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Ionel Ileana ,   Spitalul Clinic „Prof. Dr. Th. Burghele“, Clinica de Urologie, Bucureşti,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Ambert Valentin ,   Spitalul Clinic „Prof. Dr. Th. Burghele“, Clinica de Urologie, Bucureşti,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Jinga Viorel ,   Spitalul Clinic „Prof. Dr. Th. Burghele“, Clinica de Urologie, Bucureşti,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Armean Petru ,   Spitalul Clinic „Prof. Dr. Th. Burghele“, Clinica de Urologie, Bucureşti,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti
Published: September 2021

Quality of life is not a new concept but one whose understanding and terminology evolved over time. The impact of prostate cancer on quality of life is significant, treatment outcomes being influenced by the patient’s perception about his illness. Emotional state and concerns induced by the disease progression and treatment are important elements for a good doctor-patient relationship.
Difficulties in treating esophageal foreign bodies in children
Authors:   Institutul Naţional de Neurologie şi Boli Neurovasculare, Bucureşti, Toader Corneliu , Oprea Alina ,   Spitalul Clinic de Copii „Grigore Alexandrescu“, Bucureşti, Constantin Anca ,   Spitalul Clinic de Copii „Grigore Alexandrescu“, Bucureşti, Niculescu Liviu ,   Spitalul Clinic de Copii „Grigore Alexandrescu“, Bucureşti, Toader Mioriţa ,   Spitalul Clinic de Copii „Grigore Alexandrescu“, Bucureşti, Drăghici Mircea ,   Dentirad Hospital Ploieşti, Palade Dragoş ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi
Published: September 2021

The ingress of foreign bodies in the esophagus is relatively easy and, at the same time, frequently, especially during the childhood. Children usually carry to their mouth within easy reach, different objects: seeds, pits/kernels, coins, buttons, food pieces, toys’ pieces, tiny toys, pins, drawing pins, rings, earrings, etc. We present a case of a multiple esophageal foreign body, at which, only the attention and accuracy with which the esophagoscopy was proceeded, has allowed the extraction of the foreign body.
Psychological changes and psychiatric disorders in case of terminally ill patients
Authors:   Universitatea Bucureşti, Facultatea de Sociologie şi Asistenţă Socială, Centrul Medico-Social „Sfântul Andrei“, Bucureşti, Bogdan Constantin , Bogdan Laurenţiu ,   L’Hopital de Psychiatrie „Sainte Marie“ Privas, Franţa
Published: September 2021

The terminal stages that come prior to the exitus – in incurable diseases, „fin de vie des vieux“ – are characterised, among others, by a number of psychological changes and psychiatric disorders that need to be diagnosed and therapeutically tackled through psycho-therapy and appropriate medication, in order to improve the quality of life. International research in this field and also own observations of the authors of the study on the structure of the entities that can be found and their order frequency are presented in the paper. Among the most frequent are the following: anxiety, depression, delirium, suicidal risk, cognitive disorders that are detailed according to intensity, evolution, therapeutical response. Anxiety occurs as a result of awareness of the proximity of the death. Management of the depression includes antidepressant medication and, especially, supportive psychoterapy. With reference to the suicidal risk, a careful assesment of the risk must be done. Cognitive disorders are more serious and difficult to be influenced therapeutically.
Resistant arterial hypertension and sleep apnea syndrome
Authors:   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Diaconu Camelia ,   Clinica de Medicină Internă, Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţă Floreasca, Bucureşti, Dediu Giorgiana ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti,   Clinica de Medicină Internă, Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţă „Sf. Ioan“, Bucureşti, Ilie Mădălina ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti,   Clinica de Medicină Internă, Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţă Floreasca, Bucureşti, Iancu Mihaela Adela ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti
Published: September 2021

Arterial hypertension is an important risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, with increasing incidence and prevalence. Diagnosis of resistant hypertension may be established when the values of blood pressure are ≥ 140/90 mmHg, despite lifestyle changes and treatment with three antihypertensive drugs from different therapeutic classes, one being a diuretic. One common comorbidity in patients with resistant hypertension is obstructive sleep apnea. Obesity, defined as a body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2, is a common risk factor linking the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) with resistant hypertension. The diagnosis of OSAS in patients with resistant hypertension is made by polysomnography. For the confirmation of diagnosis of resistant hypertension it is necessary the ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, which allows the exclusion of false cases of resistant hypertension, white coat or masked hypertension. Treatment of OSAS with CPAP (continuos positive airway pressure) offers improvement of blood pressure values and better control of resistant hypertension, reducing the cardiovascular risk.
Surgical approach dilemmas of periglabellar malformations in children
Authors:   Spitalul Clinic de Copii „M.S. Curie“, Bucureşti, Gheorghe Dan Cristian ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Zamfir-Chiru-Anton A. ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti
Published: September 2021

Objectives. Diagnosis and treatment challenges in similar clinical appearance nasal malformations. The authors present 2 nasal external malformations. Material. Patients admitted, evaluated and operated into the pediatric ENT department. Results. The evolution of operated patients was fine, with no postoperative complications. Discussions. 2 clinically similar malformations were compared mostly from the surgical perspective. Imagistics failed to fully delineate the extent of the disease in one case. Surgical approach was differently decided, considering patients ages. The main surgical issues and dilemmas were analyzed. Conclusion. The investigation and surgery for nasal malformations in children can be challenging from the decision and the monitoring point of view.
Viral and bacterial tonsils infection. Case report
Authors:   Disciplina Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, Păduraru Gabriela , Druică Andrada ,   Disciplina Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, Mucenica Irina Manuela ,   Disciplina Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, Subotnicu Mirabela ,   Disciplina Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, Rotaru Bogdan ,   Clinica V Pediatrie, Spitalul de Urgenţe pentru Copii „Sf. Maria“, Iaşi, Lupu Valeriu V. ,   Disciplina Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, Burlea Marin ,   Disciplina Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, Ignat Ancuţa ,   Disciplina Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi
Published: September 2021

Acute tonsillitis is an infection of the tonsils caused by one or more types of bacteria or viruses. We describe a case of acute tonsillitis, in a 8 year-old girl, with beta-hemolytic streptococcus group A, in pharyngeal exudate and staphylococcal methicillin-sensitive nasal swab, together with Epstein-Barr virus’ IgM antibodies. The incidence of infectious mononucleosis concomitant with angina group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal (GABHS) and methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus is much lower, but not exceptional, representing complications of infectious mononucleosis. Amazing is the association of these bacteria in the infectious mononucleosis. Therefore, we face with a possible initial viral infection with secondary bacterial superinfection. In cases like this, a joint venture of the two bacterial infections, antibiotic treatment is recommended in order to prevent complications, especially those that can occur after an untreated strep infection.
Characteristics of traumatic amputations of fingers in children
Authors:   Facultatea de Medicină, Universitatea „Titu Maiorescu“, Bucureşti, Matlac Ileana-Carmen , Enescu Dan Mircea ,   Clinica de Chirurgie Plastică şi Microchirurgie Clinică Reconstructivă,  Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţă pentru Copii „Grigore Alexandrescu“, Bucureşti,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti
Published: September 2021

Objective. The analysis of the traumatic amputation of fingers of hospital admitted children in order to identify certain characteristics to form the basis for optimizing the prevention and cure algorithms. Materials and methods. The data was extracted from the surgical protocols of the children admitted to the Clinic of Plastic Surgery and Burns of “Grigore Alexandrescu” Clinical Emergency Children’s Hospital, between 2005 and 2013, with traumatic amputations of the fingers. Information was gathered related to the age and sex of the patients, the circumstances of occurrence of the trauma, the manner of occurrence, the amputation level, the type of surgical procedure and the number of surgical interventions. Results. A total of 42 children with traumatic amputations of the fingers have undergone surgery, the coverage of the stump being employed in 81% of cases and the replantation of the amputated segment in only 19% of instances. Two thirds of the pacients were boys. The fingers were affected in 95% of the cases presented to the clinic with this type of trauma. Conclusions. The data obtained has been in accordance with other studies that had indicated the rising incidence of traumatic finger amputations among boys, during household activities that involve manipulating tools having a high potential of injury when use by children. The technical possibilities of replantation are both available and effective, but the cases eligible for this type of treatment are few, hence the focus should still be set on prevention.
Approach of the patient with headache
Authors:   Institutul Naţional de Neurologie şi Boli Neurovasculare, Bucureşti, Toader Corneliu ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Toader Mioriţa ,   Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţă pentru Copii „Grigore Alexandrescu“, Bucureşti, Vivisenco Iolanda ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti,   Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţă pentru Copii „Grigore Alexandrescu“, Bucureşti, Drăghici Mircea ,   Spitalul Dentirad, Ploieşti, Palade Dragoş ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi
Published: September 2021

Headache is part of an alarm system announcing that somewhere in the body of the person who has this accuse something peculiar happens in the pathological or physiological point of view. Patients have various forms of headache and, therefore, each case must be correctly diagnosed, being necessary a very thorough medical history, in order to characterize each type of headache. Although most patients with headache have a normal physical exam, it is extremely important to continue the investigation plan with functional testing, that will guide both the diagnosis and treatment. Approach to the patient with headache starts with the usual paraclinical tests. In this paper, the authors bring into question electrophysiological and neuroimaging paraclinical testing of patients with headache.
Multidimensional preoperatory prediction of anatomo-pathologic result in acute appendicitis
Authors:   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Nica Adriana , Brănescu Cristian ,   Spitalul Universitar de Urgenţă Bucureşti, Şerban Dragoş ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Şavlovschi Costel ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Khatib Ahed El ,   Spitalul Universitar de Urgenţă Bucureşti, Tudor Corneliu ,   Spitalul Universitar de Urgenţă Bucureşti, Vancea Geta ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Dascălu Ana-Maria ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti
Published: September 2021

The study aims that, starting from preoperative clinical and laboratory variables, to identify the most effective predictive multidimensional models for anatomopathological result in acute appendicitis. A prospective study was performed on 147 patients operated for acute appendicitis. The set of potential predictors considered for the selection is as follows: IL6, LBP, Alvarado score, total bilirubin, neutrophils count and WBC, all determined preoperatively. For data analysis we used a variant of a classic sequential analysis discrimination based on linear functions of Discrimination method of Fisher (SPSS). The most effective statistical models with an accuracy of classification of 100% were obtained from the variables: IL6 preop, LBP preop and WBC on admission Model 1) and IL6 preop, LBP preop and score Alvarado (Model 2). These observations lead us to believe that developing a procedure for preoperative diagnosis of appendicitis type is achievable. Defining, validating and assessing the reliability of such a procedure however require further research on a larger volume samples and are representative of both the pathology of appendicitis and population with acute appendicitis.
AXILLARY LYMPH NODE DISSECTION IN BREAST CANCER PATIENTS. THE ROLE OF SENTINEL LYMPH NODE BIOPSY
Authors:   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Bacalbasa Nicolae , Ionescu Olivia ,   “Bucur“ Maternity Hospital, Bucharest, Balescu Irina ,   “Ponderas“ Hospital, Bucharest
Published: September 2021

Rationale. Since its introduction in the early 1990s, sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is regarded as the standard treatment for patients with clinically negative axillary lymph nodes (LNs) on initial presentation. Classically, when the SLN biopsy is negative, the axillary LN dissection (ALND) is no further necessary. On the other hand, performing complete ALND in case of a positive SLNB is controversial, recent data from randomized controlled studies suggesting that, in these cases, the tumor biology has a greater impact on the adjuvant treatment decision than the completion of an ALND. Objective. The aim of this review is to ascertain whether axillary LN surgery has survival benefits in women with early breast cancer and SLN involvement, either micro-metastatic or macro-metastatic. Moreover, it tries to assess the value of SLN biopsy before and after primary systemic chemotherapy and its role in the staging of the axilla in locally recurrent breast cancer. Materials and method. We searched Pubmed, Medline, the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials and G.I.N (Guidelines International Network) databases for English language articles about the need of ALND in women with both positive and negative SLNs using controlled vocabulary (e.g. “breast cancer”) and key words (e.g “sentinel lymph node”, “axilla dissection”). The analysis was restricted to retrospective studies and randomized controlled trials focusing on survival benefits in terms overall (OS) or disease-free survival (DFS). Conclusions. There is increasing evidence which indicates that ALND can be avoided in a specific group of patients with early breast cancer, even though the SLNB is positive. A correlation between the clinico-pathological features of the breast cancer and the probability of residual disease in the axilla, could allow the selection of cases in which ALND can be omitted. In the context of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy, it is not yet established if positive SLNs could be converted to negative SLNs after chemotherapy as the rate of false-negative results is still high.
Comparative study between health systems applied in Cardiology Departments in two EU countries
Authors:   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Drăgan Roxana , Yotov Yoto ,   Universitatea de Medicină „Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov“, Varna, Bulgaria, Sinescu Crina ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti
Published: September 2021

Heart disease is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in the population of Romania. In this context, the accessibility of patients to accurate and complete cardiology services, and its circuit in the Romanian health system, is one of the major priorities. A good knowledge of health systems focused primarily on addressing cardiac pathology at the level of two neighboring countries, members of the European Union can only lead to the identification of positive aspects under both systems, which can form the basis for efficient policies health in this area.
Kebijakan Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor, Dikaji Dari Prinsip Pencemar Membayar
Authors: Lazuardi Muhammad Hida
Published: September 2021

Abstrak

Jumlah kendaraan bermotor pribadi yang tidak terkontrol turut menyumbang permasalahan pencemaran udara di kota-kota besar Indonesia. Pemerintah telah menetapkan standar emisi yang telah diperbaharui beberapa kali dan berhasil memaksa manufaktur untuk memperbaiki emisi kendaraan-kendaraan baru. Namun, pada sisi lain kendaraan-kendaraan tua yang diproduksi berdasarkan baku mutu emisi yang lebih renggang tetap dapat beroperasi di jalan. Bahkan, kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemilik kendaraan-kendaraan tua cenderung dibebankan pajak yang jauh lebih murah dibandingkan kendaraan-kendaraan baru. Dengan demikian pembebanan pajak kendaraan bermotor di Indonesia selain tidak proporsional dengan pencemaran yang dihasilkan, juga tidak memberikan disinsentif bagi pengguna kendaraan dengan emisi yang buruk. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa prinsip pencemar membayar belum terintegrasi dalam sistem perpajakan kendaraan bermotor di Indonesia.

Kata kunci: Prinsip Pencemar Membayar, Kendaraan Bermotor, Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor
INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE IN THE INTEGRATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE FIELD OF SCIENCE AND HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors:   Moscow state Institute of International Relations (University) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, ALEKSANDROV NIKITA D.
Published: September 2021

Modern technological development is characterized by the constant appearance and introduction of innovative technologies in various spheres of society and the state. Without a doubt, the advantage of introducing such technologies is a significant transformation and improvement of human activity. Education is considered one of the most important spheres of the state, therefore it is attractive for transformations and improvements through modernization. However, for the successful introduction of new technologies, it is necessary to consider the possible and available international experience, therefore, this article considers the international experience of introducing innovative technologies, in particular, artificial intelligence technologies in the field of education.
ITIS and the Global Taxonomic Backbone
Authors: Mitchell David , Orrell Thomas
Published: September 2021

The Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) provides a regularly updated, global database that currently contains over 868,000 scientific names and their hierarchy. The program exists to communicate a comprehensive taxonomy of global species across 7 kingdoms that enables biodiversity information to be discovered, indexed, and connected across all human endeavors. ITIS partners with taxonomists and experts across the world to assemble scientific names and their taxonomic relationships, and then distributes that data through publicly available software. A single taxon may be represented by multiple scientific names, so ITIS makes it a priority to provide synonymy. Linking valid or accepted names with their subjective and objective synonyms is a key component of name translation and increases the precision of searches and organization of information.

ITIS and its partner Species2000 create the Catalogue of Life (CoL) checklist that provides quality scientific name data for over 2.2M species. The CoL is the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) taxonomic backbone.

Providing automated open access to complete, current, literature-referenced, and expert-validated taxonomic information enables biological data management systems, and is elemental to enhancing the utility of the amassed scientific data across the world. Fully leveraging this information for the public good is crucial for empowering the global digital society to confront the most pressing social and environmental challenges.
Cyclorhiza puana (Apiaceae), a new species from Sichuan, China
Authors: Zhou Jing , Niu Jun-Mei , Wang Xin-Yue , Wang Pei , Guo Ming-Jia , Liu Zhen-Wen
Published: September 2021

A new species, Cyclorhiza puana J. Zhou & Z.W. Liu (Apiaceae) from Sichuan Province of China, is described and illustrated here. Morphological comparisons with congeneric species revealed that it is distinguished by its slender habit, sparse annular scars, 4-pinnatisect leaf blade with ultimate segments linear (2–4×0.5–1 mm), subequal rays, oblong fruits with slightly thickened ribs, obconic stylopodium and slightly concave seed face. A molecular analysis based on nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences indicated that C. puana is genetically distinct from the other two species of the genus. A distribution map, as well as an updated key, are provided for the species of Cyclorhiza.
Three new species of Columnea (Gesneriaceae) from the western Andean slopes of Ecuador and Colombia
Authors: Clark John L. , Tobar Francisco , Clavijo Laura , Perret Mathieu , Graham Catherine Helen
Published: September 2021

Three new species of Columnea (Gesneriaceae, tribe Gesnerieae) are described from the western Andean slopes of northern Ecuador and southern Colombia. Columnea angulata J.L. Clark & F. Tobar and Columnea floribunda F. Tobar & J.L. Clark are described from northern Ecuador. Columnea tecta J.L. Clark & Clavijo is described from southern Colombia and northern Ecuador. The three new species are facultative epiphytes with dorsiventral shoots and are readily recognized by bright red tips on the abaxial and adaxial leaf surfaces. The species described here are vegetatively similar to the sympatric species Columnea picta H. Karst. and are readily differentiated by floral features that are illustrated, described and featured with digital images.
La fin de vie, enjeu de santé publique : dimensions éthiques d’une question politique
Authors: Gaille-Nikodimov Marie
Published: September 2021

Cet article cherche à explorer la dimension éthique de la fin de vie et à en éclairer la portée pour les politiques de santé publique. Cette exploration se fonde sur une approche philosophique contextualisée, ici en contexte français. Dans un premier temps, il resitue comment la fin de vie est d’abord devenue un objet de discussion publique, puis de législations. Ensuite, il aborde la manière dont les enjeux éthiques de la fin de vie sont envisagés dans la recherche clinique et en sciences humaines et sociales, notamment au sujet des groupes de population vulnérables et des décisions médicales dites « difficiles ». Dans un troisième temps, il montre que l’analyse doit interroger la notion clé sur le plan éthique et juridique d’accompagnement, afin de mettre en lumière les débats que recouvre l’apparent consensus à son sujet. Finalement, l’éthique du soin ou du care invite à interroger les limites actuelles des politiques de santé publique concernant la fin de vie, au regard de leur orientation générale, mais aussi des moyens accordés et de l’articulation opérée entre care privé et action publique.
Medical Care for Nonbinary Youth: Individualized Gender Care Beyond a Binary Framework
Authors: Hastings Jen , Bobb Callum , Wolfe Michelle , Amaro Jimenez Zo , Amand Colt St.
Published: September 2021

Nonbinary and genderqueer youth represent well over a one-third of transgender youth. Historically, transgender health care has been based on the gender binary, and as a result, many nonbinary people have chosen to forego care or withhold their authentic needs or goals when accessing care. This article presents a paradigm shift in gender care, which addresses discrimination and stigma and outlines components of supportive and affirming care to gender expansive youth. Nonbinary youth are best served when providers use gender-affirming language and focus on embodiment goals. Medical interventions may include pubertal suppression, hormones, and surgeries, which are best reviewed by individual physical effects rather than with “masculinizing” or “feminizing” terminology. Individualized goals may be supported by estrogen, testosterone, or a combination of both. Providers should be prepared to facilitate supportive conversations, difficult decisions, and balancing of priorities with nonbinary patients and their families.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2021;50(9):e384–e390.]
Myths and Evidence Regarding Melatonin Supplementation for Occasional Sleeplessness in the Pediatric Population
Authors: Goldman Ran D. , Bongiorno Peter B. , Olcese James M. , Witt-Enderby Paula A. , Shatkin Jess P.
Published: September 2021

Occasional sleeplessness in children is common, with as many as 25% of all healthy children experiencing a problem sleeping at some point over the course of their childhood. Occasional sleeplessness is poorly understood, has a significant impact on quality of life in children and their families, and is often challenging to manage. There is substantial evidence supporting the safe and effective use of the widely available dietary supplement melatonin for children with chronic conditions. This article summarizes the views expressed in a recent Consensus Panel meeting convened to evaluate the use of melatonin in children, as well as the published scientific literature related to the effectiveness and safety of melatonin, with a focus on occasional sleeplessness in healthy children. We provide an evidence-based framework for the implementation of a standard process to effectively manage occasional sleeplessness in children and adolescents. Unsubstantiated concerns in the past may have limited melatonin's use in children with conditions for which the supplement may support a better sleep pattern and, by doing so, may help to improve quality of life. Melatonin dietary supplements using high quality standards may be provided to children together with cognitive-behavioral therapy after proper sleep evaluation and after improved sleep hygiene, family education, and sleep diary activities have failed to resolve sleep difficulties.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2021;50(9):e391–e395.]