bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estudo sobre acolhimento às vítimas de violência doméstica em Juiz de Fora/MG
Authors: Leite Nádia Gonçalves , Ribeiro Filipe Leonardo Oliveira
Published: December 2021

Este trabalho tem como problemática a realidade e o acolhimento às mulheres da cidade de Juiz de Fora – MG que enfrentam rotineiramente a violência doméstica, seja ela física, psicológica, sexual, moral ou patrimonial. A maioria das mulheres que passa por essa situação, mostra temor ao denunciar, muitas vezes pela dependência financeira ao dedicar-se à vida familiar e doméstica e, mesmo com a legislação promulgada a fim de protegê-las, muitas vezes não é fornecido o apoio adequado, resultante da escassez de acolhimento, há a necessidade de incorporação dessas Casas-Abrigo para um suporte mais eficaz. Tem como objetivo geral, debater, coletar informações sobre o acolhimento às vítimas de violência doméstica em Juiz de Fora, pesquisar sobre a legislação em relação à proteção das vítimas de violência doméstica e o aumento de notificações de ocorrências, auxiliando futuros estudos e projetos de Centros de Apoio, e, posteriormente, sugestionar a localidade para um espaço de acolhimento na cidade de Juiz de Fora. As metodologias utilizadas para o desenvolvimento foram levantamentos de pesquisas bibliográficas e estudos de caso sobre o funcionamento de Casas-Abrigo já existentes no Brasil e em Juiz de Fora. Este trabalho, portanto, incorpora os dados obtidos por meio da pesquisa, para fomentar discussões e a criação de espaços para acolher essas mulheres e seus filhos. Inicialmente será abordado dados sobre a violência doméstica brasileira, alguns programas e Casas-Abrigo já existentes em solo brasileiro e a proposta de construção de uma Casa – Abrigo na região central de Juiz de Fora, onde de acordo com o estudo realizado, seria fundamental sua inserção.
Pengaruh COVID-19 terhadap Pengembalian Harga Saham dengan Nilai Tukar, IHSG dan Volume Perdagangan sebagai Variabel Kontrol
Authors: Susanti Susanti , Marheni Dewi Khornida
Published: December 2021

Pada tahun 2020 ditemukan suatu penyakit baru yaitu COVID-19 yang memberikan dampak yang besar bagi perekonomian dimana salah satunya adalah pasar saham. Melihat hal ini maka pada penelitian ini penulis meneliti faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pengembalian harga saham dengan variabel yang digunakan adalah pertumbuhan kasus terkonfirmasi dan pertumbuhan kasus kematian. Selain itu ada juga variabel kontrol yaitu nilai tukar, IHSG dan volume perdagangan. Perusahaan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini bergerak pada bidang properti dan real estate yang terdaftar di BEI dengan jumlah sampel data 3.840 dari periode 2 Maret 2020 hingga 30 Juni 2021. Data tersebut diperoleh dari yahoo.finance.com dan worldomemeters.info yang dikemudian dianalisis dengan metode regresi data panel. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa pertumbuhan kasus terkonfirmasi berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap pengembalian harga saham dan pertumbuhan kasus kematian tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pengembalian harga saham. Untuk variabel kontrol nilai tukar dan volume perdagangan tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pengembalian harga saham sedangkan variabel kontrol IHSG berpengaruh signifikan positif terhadap pengembalian harga saham
Про застосування теорії нечітких множин для оцінки невизначеностей імовірнісного аналізу безпеки АЕС
Authors: Dybach O.
Published: December 2021

Розглянуто питання практичного застосування теорії нечітких множин для оцінки невизначеностей імовірнісного аналізу безпеки АЕС як альтернативи статистичним методам. Порівняно результати оцінок імовірності та невизначеності відмови функції безпеки, виконуваної пасивною частиною системи аварійного охолодження активної зони, методом теорії нечітких множин та методом Монте-Карло.
Аналіз умов виникнення термоудару корпусу реактора з урахуванням виконаних модернізацій систем, важливих для безпеки
Authors: Mazurok A. , Vyshemirskyi M.
Published: December 2021

Виконано аналіз ефективності функціонування систем реакторної установки із зниження ризику виникнення умов термоудару корпусу реактора на прикладі представницьких аварійних сценаріїв. Розглянуто роботу регулюючих клапанів, які встановлені на лінії напірних трубопроводів насосів системи аварійного охолодження активної зони, а також функціонування захисту від холодного опресування, що входить до складу системи захисту першого контуру від перевищення тиску. Для розрахункового аналізу використано теплогідравлічну модельдля коду RELAP5/Mod3.2 з детальним моделюванням опускної ділянки реактора та врахуванням виконаних модернізацій.
Природний сорбційний бар’єр на етапі пасивного контролю майданчика комплексу «Вектор»
Authors: Olkhovyk Yu.
Published: December 2021

Проведено орієнтовний розрахунок меж активності ізотопу стронцій-90 у сховищах комплексу «Вектор» на основі літературних даних про захисні властивості, характерні для винятково мінеральних компонентів природних бар’єрів під час міграції радіонуклідів у верхній зоні ґрунтового водоносного горизонту. Показано, що сховища для захоронення радіоактивних відходів (РАВ) на комплексі «Вектор» мають значний потенціал забезпечення безпечного розміщення кондиційованих РАВ навіть виходячи із захисних властивостей тільки природного сорбційного бар’єра у водонасиченому шарі.
Комп‘ютерна безпека на ядерних об’єктах в Україні
Authors: Chumak D. , Klevtsov O.
Published: December 2021

Розглянуто проблематику комп’ютерної та інформаційної безпеки у площині фізичного захисту, а також нормативно-правове забезпечення комп’ютерної безпеки на ядерних об’єктах в Україні. Основний акцент зроблено на комп’ютерну безпеку інформаційних та керуючих систем (ІКС), важливих для ядерної безпеки. Надано приклад інтегрованого підходу до розгляду вимог з ядерної безпеки та захищеності з урахуванням взаємодії сфер забезпечення захищеності ІКС та ядерної безпеки. Наведено рекомендації та плани на майбутнє щодо вдосконалення комп’ютерної безпеки на ядерних об’єктах в Україні.
Аналіз нормативної бази України у сфері безпечного перевезення радіоактивних матеріалів на відповідність міжнародним рекомендаціям МАГАТЕ
Authors: Fuzik K. , Kondratiev S. , Kutina L.
Published: December 2021

У статті наведено узагальнені результати аналізу і оцінки національної нормативної бази в сфері перевезення радіоактивних матеріалів щодо її відповідності рекомендаціям Міжнародного агентства з атомної енергії. За результатами аналізу з урахуванням досвіду Державного підприємства «Державний науково-технічний центр з ядерної та радіаційної безпеки» з експертної та науково-технічної підтримки регулюючої діяльності у сфері перевезення радіоактивних матеріалів визначені рекомендації з удосконалення регулюючих вимог за встановленими напрямами з метою гармонізації національної нормативної бази у сфері використання ядерної енергії з міжнародними рекомендаціями. Висвітлено актуальний стан перегляду або розробки нових нормативних документів в сфері перевезення радіоактивних матеріалів.
LEARNING PROFETIC VALUES BASED ON CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING APPROACH IN FORMING RELIGIOUS CHARACTERS OF STUDENTS (Multi Site Study at MI Plus Sabilul Muhtadin and MI Hidayatul Mubtadi'in Wates Sumbergempol)
Authors: Hasanudin Muhammad , Mu’awanah Elfi , Nafis Muhammad Muntahibun , Setyowati Eni
Published: December 2021

Character education is based on the concepts taught by the Prophet in forming the morals of students for it is important to be applied in educational institutions. The objective of this study is to determine the prophetic values that are carried out in forming the religious character of students, the process of internalizing these values, and their impact by using the Contextual Teaching and Learning approach. This research uses qualitative research, with a multi-site study design. The data was collected by means of in-depth interviews, observation and documentation. The results of this study indicate that: (1) Learning of prophetic values in improving the religious character of students is by instilling prophetic values, namely fatanah, amanah, sidiq, tabligh. (2) The process of internalizing the prophetic value using the Contextual Teaching and Learning approach in improving the religious character of students, is by several stages from the planning stage, providing understanding to students, the pilot stage, the planting stage, and the habituation stage. (3) The impact of learning prophetic values using the Contextual Teaching and Learning approach in improving the religious character of students has an impact on the abilities, knowledge, and behavior of students.
KOMPETENSI GURU DALAM MENGAJARKAN MULTILITERASI DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Imran Muh Erwinto , Sopandi Wahyu , Musthafa Bachrudin , Riyana Cepi
Published: December 2021

Competence plays an important role for teachers. It is also emphasized by the government during the performance of their duties. Teachers’ competence is one of the crucial things that they must have in order to teach the students in a class. Based on the results of the questionnaire, it was found that the teachers considered that multiliteracy was something very important as part of the industrial revolution 4.0 era. Multiliteracy is one thing that is competitive in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0 as well as one of the difficult competencies in the 21st century. Multiliteracy is also a competency that must be possessed by students first by a teacher. In Indonesia itself, every student and teacher is very valuable to have multiliteracy skills. The most widely encountered and mastered literacy by teachers is reading/writing literacy. In teaching multiliteracy, teachers face many obstacles, the obstacles they encounter are integrating basic competencies and determining the right model.Thus, every teacher has to learn how to improve their ability and competence. As the front line in the field of education, teachers need to be prepared to acquire qualified competence in teaching skill. One of the ways to ensure teachers’ eligible competence is training. Teacher training is an important key in improving teachers’ competence. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of teachers’ training on competence development.  This study used a descriptive quantitative design. The object of this research was 261 teachers in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of teacher competence.
La (In) Justicia Ambiental: Claves Desde la Escala y la Configuración Escalar
Authors: Feregrino Claudia Bucio
Published: December 2021

En México, el estatus hegemónico del extractivismo está siendo interpelado por personas, pueblos o comunidades afectadas, al evidenciar y denunciar los impactos consustanciales al avance y desarrollo de proyectos de megaminería. La conflictividad socioambiental que emerge por el extractivismo, expresa el complejo entramado en el que convergen y divergen actores sociales, corporaciones trasnacionales e instituciones del estado que, en bloques o coaliciones y mediante la intervención de las distintas escalas geográficas, ponen de manifiesto rupturas o quiebres que definen y explican la trayectoria de la conflictividad. Con base en un estudio de caso, este trabajo plantea un episodio contrahegemónico en la política de desarrollo extractivista del estado, con el objetivo de discutir. dos categorías clave para la Ecología Política y la justicia ambiental: la escala y la configuración escalar. El conflicto bajo estudio emergió, a finales de 2012, en torno al proyecto de megaminería a cielo abierto “Cerro del Jumil”, también conocido como proyecto Esperanza, para la extracción de oro y plata en el centro-occidente de Morelos.
Justicia Ambiental: Historias de Opresión, Injusticia y Resistencia desde América Latina
Authors: Dutra e Silva Sandro , Miraglia Marina , Nodari Eunice , Armiero Marco , Frank Zephyr
Published: December 2021

Justicia Ambiental: Historias de Opresión, Injusticia y Resistencia desde América Latina
Uma Geração Sem Terra: Injustiça Ambiental em Comunidades Indígenas Deslocadas por Construções de Hidrelétricas no Brasil, desde os Anos 1980
Authors: P. Jonhson Matthew
Published: December 2021

O Brasil tem uma dívida antiga com comunidades indígenas deslocadas em decorrência da construção de hidrelétricas, que fornecem energia para as cidades, fábricas e terras agrícolas do país. Um caso importante é a comunidade atingida pela Hidrelétrica de Itaparica, construída entre as décadas de 1970 e 1980, no trecho submédio do rio São Francisco, no Nordeste semiárido. O reservatório deslocou, além de dezenas de milhares de lavradores, os Tuxá, um povo indígena que vivia há séculos na área alagada pela usina. Para os Tuxá, esse deslocamento tem sido particularmente danoso, porque, desde os anos 1980, o governo tem renegado a promessa de garantir uma terra compensatória para o grupo. O bem-estar material e a identidade cultural dos Tuxá estão enraizados na sua terra, mas o grupo já está há mais de três décadas sem terra, o que representa um período de mais de uma geração humana. Este artigo conta a história do deslocamento do povo Tuxá e sua luta pela terra, no esforço de dar visibilidade a este caso ainda não resolvido de injustiça socioambiental.
Prewencja zachowań samobójczych jako zadanie polityki zdrowia publicznego. Doświadczenia Finlandii, inspiracja dla Polski?
Authors: Adamczyk Paulina , Woźniak Wojciech
Published: December 2021

Złożoność i niejednoznaczność zjawiska samobójstwa to główne czynniki utrudniające planowanie i wdrażanie działań zapobiegających zachowaniom suicydalnym. Zidentyfikowane w badaniach i opisane w literaturze przedmiotu czynniki ryzyka przybliżają jednak do tworzenia skutecznych strategii prewencyjnych, co wydaje się niezbędne, szczególnie w krajach o wysokich wskaźnikach samobójstw. Strategie te są wielowymiarowe i obejmują działania na różnych poziomach, a kierowane są zarówno do specyficznych grup docelowych (osób zagrożonych samobójstwem oraz grup zawodowych, które mogą wspierać takie osoby), jak i do społeczności lokalnych czy całego społeczeństwa (by uświadamiać zbiorowość na temat zdrowia psychicznego i zachowań samobójczych). W celu skutecznego opracowania strategii, dostosowanej do specyficznych warunków środowiskowych, niezbędne jest przeprowadzenie szczegółowej eksploracji zjawiska zachowań samobójczych, co następnie pozwala wdrażać rozwiązania oparte na dowodach naukowych (evidence-based policy). Niniejszy artykuł omawia proces badań, opracowania i wdrażania strategii zapobiegania samobójstwom w Finlandii oraz jej funkcjonowania od lat 90. XX w., a także roli w polityce publicznej. W tym kontekście omówiony został znaczny spadek wskaźnika samobójstw w Finlandii w tym okresie, a fiński przypadek potraktowany został jako potencjalna inspiracja dla profilaktyki zachowań samobójczych w Polsce.
SISTEM PAKAR UNTUK MENDIAGNOSIS HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TANAMAN PISANG DENGAN TEOREMA BAYES
Authors: Maharani Lievia Anjhelina , Laxmi Gibtha Fitri , Riana Freza
Published: December 2021

Tanaman pisang merupakan salah satu tanaman yang banyak dijumpai di daerah-daerah di Indonesia, meski begitu di Indonesia sendiri masih minim informasi yang diterima masyarakat tentang hama dan penyakit yang dapat menyerang tanaman pisang dan cara mengatasinya. Terbatasnya ketersediaan seorang pakar di berbagai atau wilayah di Indonesia yang menyebabkan terlambatnya masyarakat dalam mengatasi hama dan penyakit tanaman pisang, maka dari itu penelitian kali ini membuat sebuah sistem berbasis situs web untuk mendiagnosis dan mendiagnosis tanaman dengan menggunakan 11 data dari 5 hama dan 6 penyakit, 48 data gejala yang akan menggunakan metode Teorema Bayes untuk menghasilkan nilai probabilitas suatu hama atau penyakit berdasarkan gejala yang timbul pada tanaman pisang.penelitian ini menghasilkan nilai akurasi sebesar 86,53%. Nilai akurasi diperoleh dari hasil perbandingan antara diagnosis pakar dengan sistem menggunakan Teorema Bayes berdasarkan 52 data yang diujikan. Sistem pakar ini dapat membantu masyarakat dalam mendiagnosis penyakit dan penyakit tanaman pisang.
Kuraklık Stresi Koşullarında Yetiştirilen Soya Fasulyesinin (Glycine max L.) Bazı Fizyolojik Özellikleri Üzerine Rizobacterium (PGPR) Uygulamalarının Etkisi
Authors: TUNÇTÜRK Rüveyde , TUNÇTÜRK Murat , ORAL Erol
Published: December 2021

Deneme, Tesadüf Parselleri Deneme Deseni’ ne göre faktöriyel düzende 4 tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada soya fasulyesi (Glycine max L.) türüne ait Arısoy çeşidi kullanılmıştır. Denemede, 4 farklı rizobakteri izolatı (Kontrol (B0), Azospirillum lipoferum (1x106 kob/ml), Bacillus megaterium (1x105 kob/ml) ve bir adet mikro yeşil alg (Chlorella saccharophilia (2x104 kob/ml)) ile üç farklı kuraklık seviyesinin (normal sulama (K1), ½ azaltılmış (K2) ve 3/4 azaltılmış (K3)) soyanın bazı fizyolojik özellikleri üzerine etkilerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada yaprak alan indeksi (cm2), klorofil oranı (µg/cm2), yaprak dokularında iyon sızıntısı (%), yaprak dokularında membran dayanıklılık indeksi (%), yaprak sıcaklığı (°C) yaprak dokularında bağıl su içeriği (%) ve malondialdehit (nmol/g), gibi özellikler incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonucuna göre, artan kuraklık stresi yaprak dokularında iyon sızıntısı, yaprak sıcaklığı ve malondialdehit miktarı dışında incelenen diğer özellikler üzerinde azalmalara neden olmuştur. Bununla birlikte, rizobakteri uygulamaları ile incelenen bu özellikler üzerinde stresin olumsuz etkisini azaltıcı ve düzenleyici etkileri olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Hızlı Islah Teknolojisi ve Markör Destekli Geriye Melez Yöntemiyle Hasat Öncesi Başakta Çimlenmeye Toleranslı Ekmeklik Buğday Genotiplerinin Geliştirilmesi
Authors: YAYLA Elif , GÜLEÇ Tuğba , SÖNMEZ Mesut Ersin , DEMİR Bedrettin , MUT Zeki , AYDIN Nevzat
Published: December 2021

Hasat dönemindeki yağışlar buğdayda hasat öncesi başakta çimlenmeye neden olabilmektedir. Buğday kalitesini ve pazar değerini olumsuz yönde etkileyen hasat öncesi başakta çimlenme için alınabilecek önlemlerin başında dormant çeşitlerin geliştirilmesi gelmektedir. Çalışmada, Nevzatbey, Adana-99 ve Tosunbey x Tahirova2000 melezi sonucu elde edilen 127 kodlu buğday genotipleri ve genitör olarak Rio Blanco buğday çeşidi kullanılmıştır. Genotiplerin tamamı beyaz tanelidir. Bitkiler, hızlı ıslah teknolojisi kullanılarak yetiştirilmiş ve ıslah yöntemi olarak markör destekli geriye melez yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bitkiler günde 21 saat LED ışık altında ve 25 °C’de ışıklı periyotta, 3 saat karanlık ve 18 °C’de yetiştirilmiştir. Generasyon süresi vernalizasyon süresi hariç 53-80 gün arasında değişmiştir. Bütün melez kombinasyonlarda toplam 90 adet bitki yetiştirilmiştir. GMₗFₗ generasyonundaki tohumlardan 54 tanesi hedef geni heterozigot olarak taşımaktadır. Bu tohumlar GM₁F₂ generasyonunun bitkilerini üretmek için kullanılmıştır. GM₁F₂ generasyonundaki 27 adet genotipin hedef geni homozigot olarak taşıdığı moleküler olarak saptanmıştır. Hızlı ıslah teknolojisi buğdayda generasyon süresini kısaltabilir ve geriye melez hatlar hasat öncesi başakta çimlenmeye toleranslı beyaz taneli çeşitlerin geliştirilmesinde kullanılabilir.
Marhata Sinamot at Toba Ethnic Wedding Ceremony: Antropolinguistics Study
Authors: Ma Samuel Rt Simanjuntak  , Flansius Tampubolon  , Jamorlan Siahaan
Published: December 2021

The scientific title is "Marhata Sinamot at the Toba Ethnic Wedding Ceremony: Anthropology Studies". This study aims to describe the performance, indexicality and participation of Marhata Sinamot at the Toba Ethnic Wedding Ceremony. The theory used to analyze the research data is the anthropolinguistic theory proposed by Duranti. By using descriptive method. The results obtained from this study are the performance in the Marhata Sinamot traditional ceremony in the Toba Ethnic community in general, namely Marhata Sinamot. In the Toba Batak community there are signs that are used as indexicality in the Marhata Sinamot traditional ceremony, namely, (1) traditional clothes, (2) ulos. And participants in the Marhata Sinamot ceremony have Dalihan Na Tolu, namely (1) Hula-hula, (2) Bone paranak, (3) Bone parboru, (4) Boru, (5) Dongan tubu, (6) Bere paranak, (7) Bere perboru and (8) Dongan Sahuta.
The RAGE Trial (Radial Arterial Graft in the Elderly)- A Pilot Study
Authors: Zaman Tanveer , Ali Md Shaukat , Rahman Shahidur , Begum Mahfuza , Bhuiyan Mohammad Ali
Published: December 2021

Use of radial artery (RA) as a second arterial conduit in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) is well established and appreciated for its higher long-term patency rate compared to vein grafts. This study tends to investigate if there are any detrimental consequences when it is used in elderly (aged 60 and above) population of Bangladesh. A total of 71 patients who received RA grafts at elective, isolated CABG operation were consecutively enrolled in this study from May 2018 to September 2019. 31 patients were in the Elderly group and 40 patients were in the Non-elderly group. The groups were compared for baseline characteristics and co-morbidities; preoperative techniques, findings, events and procedures; and postoperative outcomes or end-point variables inclusive of local complications related to RA harvesting wound. Elderly and Non-elderly groups had statistically different age (p=0.000) and Society of Thoracic Surgery (STS) Score predicted mortality (p=0.000). Operative techniques, events, findings and procedures were similar. Clinical outcomes were found to be similar with no statistical difference between the groups. Number of deaths also was not statistically different. There were no local complications related to RA harvesting wound in either of the two groups. Harvesting and grafting of radial artery in suitable patients, using meticulous "no-touch" technique and for ideal target coronary artery stenosis is as safe in the elderly patients as in the younger ones.

CBMJ 2020 July: Vol. 09 No. 02 P: 08-13
How is Political Privacy Different from Personal Privacy? An Argument from Democratic Governance
Authors: Samonek Aleksandra
Published: December 2021

In this paper I discuss the political value of the right to privacy. The classical accounts of privacy do not differentiate between privacy as the right of a citizen against other citizens vs. the right to privacy as the right against the state or the government. I shall argue that this distinction should be made, since the new context of the privacy debate has surpassed the historical frames in which the intelligence methods used by governments were comparable to those available to individuals. I also present cases in which political privacy serves as an instrument of protecting important collective agendas exceeding the context of personal privacy. I argue that due to its function, political privacy should be considered a necessary element of democratic governance with the rule of law, imposing legal bounds on governments’ discretionary actions.
Choroidal Thickness in Advanced Glaucoma Patients
Authors: Park Do Hee , Park Sang Woo , Sung Mi Sun
Published: December 2021

Purpose: We investigated choroidal thickness according to the classification of glaucoma and related factors in patients with advanced glaucoma.Methods: The present study included 133 eyes of 133 advanced glaucoma patients with a mean deviation of <-12 dB. Patients were classified into primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) groups. Factors related to the subfoveal and peripapillary choroidal thickness were analyzed using linear regression analysis.Results: The mean peripapillary choroid thickness was 99.20 ± 46.85 µm in the NTG group, which was significantly thinner than in the POAG group (121.85 ± 45.39 µm, p = 0.006). Additionally, in the sectoral comparison, the NTG group had thinner choroids than the POAG group in all areas (p < 0.05 for all). In the linear regression analysis, glaucoma class (p = 0.007), age (p = 0.005), and intraocular pressure (IOP) (p = 0.024) significantly affected the peripapillary choroid thickness. Moreover, age (p = 0.029) and macular thickness (p = 0.002) were significantly associated with subfoveal choroid thickness.Conclusions: In advanced glaucoma, low baseline IOP, NTG, and old age were significantly associated with a thin peripapillary choroid, suggesting an association between thin peripapillary choroid and the etiology of NTG. Further studies are needed to clarify the significance of a thin choroid in the pathogenesis of glaucoma.
Ocular and Facial Herpes Zoster and Meningitis in an Adult after Zoster Vaccination
Authors: Choi Ji-Ho , Ahn Min , Cho Nam Chun , You In Cheon
Published: December 2021

Purpose: To report a case of ocular and facial herpes zoster and meningitis after herpes zoster vaccination.Case summary: A 60-year-old man was administered Zostavax® on his left arm; he developed a vesicular rash over his left eye and forehead 4 days afterwards. He started antiviral drugs for the rash, and visited the hospital for severe headache and spread of the rash to involve the tip of his nose, face, and palate by day 7. He was taking Synthyroid® (Bukwang Pharmaceuticals, Seoul, Korea) since his thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer 6 years ago. He had never been diagnosed with chickenpox, but had an episode of red facial rash in childhood. Slit-lamp examination revealed conjunctival chemosis, hyperemia, and a pseudodendrite in the peripheral cornea. The anterior chamber was quiet, and there were no significant findings on his brain magnetic resonance imaging. Varicella zoster virus was detected in the cerebrospinal fluid by polymerase chain reaction. The patient was treated with oral acyclovir drugs and topical ganciclovir, levofloxacin, and bromfenac. One week later, the pseudodendrite disappeared and conjunctival chemosis improved. There was no recurrence during 6 months follow-up.Conclusions: Reactivation of ocular or facial herpes zoster or meningitis after zoster vaccination may occur, rarely. Immediate antiviral treatment is required in these cases.
HIV-Infection and AIDS
Authors: Hrynkevych Khrystyna , Schmitt Heinz-J.
Published: December 2021

HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is a retrovirus that infects CD4+ T cells of the human immune system. If the infection is not treated, these cells are destroyed, resulting in an acquired immunodeficiency, i.e., “AIDS” (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome).

HIV owns a reverse transcriptase enzyme to convert its RNA into DNA, which is then integrated into the human genome – then undetectable by the immune system.

Today, sexual transmission is the major route of HIV infection, while parenteral transmission (sharing needles among drug addicts; rarely blood transfusion) and perinatal transmission are also possible.

Acute HIV infection is accompanied by infectious mononucleosis-like symptoms (fevers, rash, lymphadenopathy, sore throat, fatigue), followed by a chronic asymptomatic stage, with viral replication at low levels, followed years later by AIDS, characterized by a plethora of possible opportunistic infections and cancers that result from T-cell deficiency and finally in death within about 2–3 years.

Antiretroviral treatment (ART) includes 6 main classes of medicines that affect different steps of viral activities. While no cure is possible, ART – and particularly “Highly active antiretroviral therapy” (HAART) – has made HIV infections a chronic disease and therapy also results in a reduction of transmission.

A large variety of vaccine candidates have been assessed – including phase 3 studies – but for many reasons, none of them have been successful to date.
Effective Educational Technologies for Professional and Personal Formation of the Future Teacher at the University
Authors: Makhashova P. , Makasheva O. , Kadyrkulov K.
Published: December 2021

Professional mobility is largely based on the ability to varying professional correlation of university knowledge, skills and abilities with the requirements of the labor market and centuries-old established experience of the life of society. All this presupposes the objective necessity of introducing modern educational technologies into professional training carried out in universities. The question is to determine the most rational and effective educational technologies for the professional and personal formation of a future teacher at a university.
Philosophical Poetry Genesis: Problems and Development Trends
Authors: Koichumanova G.
Published: December 2021

Research relevance in this article is aimed at philosophical poetry and on the need to overcome socio-ideological limitations in order to understand how problems of an existential, ontological plan can be motivated. Research objectives: to define the concept of “philosophical poetry”, to define its categories and intrinsic terms from the point of view of various scholars. Materials and research methods: author used a scientific and theoretical analysis of the categorical definition of philosophical poetry. Research results: in philosophical poetry, the practice of spirit is analyzed as a special form of thought and a way of thinking. Conclusions: philosophical poetry gave powerful motivation to the study and understanding the nature of consciousness in the discovery of several phenomena, both in human life and in the society spiritual and intellectual development.
Petrasonic, a musical exploration of Iowa's geology
Authors: Charles Jean-François
Published: December 2021

[Obra artística – nota do editor]
Mouse Models of Food Allergy in the Pursuit of Novel Treatment Modalities
Authors: Smeekens Johanna M. , Kulis Michael D.
Published: December 2021

The prevalence of IgE-mediated food allergies has increased dramatically in the past three decades, now affecting up to 10% of the US population. IgE-mediated food allergy is an immunologic disease, involving a variety of cells, including B and T cells, mast cells, basophils, ILC2s, and epithelial cells. Mouse models of food allergy mimic the overall immunologic processes known to exist in humans. Due to the limitations of invasive sampling of human tissue and the similarities of the human and mouse immune systems, comprehensive pathogenesis studies of food allergy have been performed in mouse models. Mouse models have been effective in elucidating the roles of non-oral routes of sensitization and identifying key cells and molecules involved in allergic sensitization. Furthermore, the development of novel therapeutic approaches for food allergy has been accelerated through the use of pre-clinical mouse models. Despite the groundbreaking findings stemming from research in mice, there are continued efforts to improve the translational utility of these models. Here, we highlight the achievements in understanding food allergy development and efforts to bring novel treatment approaches into clinical trials.
Small-Molecule Induction Promotes Corneal Endothelial Cell Differentiation From Human iPS Cells
Authors: Chen Jie , Ou Qingjian , Wang Zhe , Liu Yifan , Hu Shuqin , Liu Yumeilan , Tian Haibin , Xu Jingying , Gao Furong , Lu Lixia , Jin Caixia , Xu Guo-Tong , Cui Hong-Ping
Published: December 2021

Purpose: Corneal endothelial cells (CECs) serve as a barrier and foothold for the corneal stroma to maintain the function and transparency of the cornea. Loss of CECs during aging or disease states leads to blindness, and cell replacement therapy using either donated or artificially differentiated CECs remains the only curative approach.

Methods: Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) that were cultured in chemically defined medium were induced with dual-SMAD inhibition to differentiate into neural crest cells (NCCs). A small-molecule library was screened to differentiate the NCCs into corneal endothelial-like cells. The characteristics of these cells were identified with real-time PCR and immunofluorescence. Western blotting was applied to detect the signaling pathways and key factors regulated by the small molecules.

Results: We developed an effective protocol to differentiate hiPSCs into CECs with defined small molecules. The hiPSC-CECs were characterized by ZO-1, AQP1, Vimentin and Na+/K+-ATPase. Based on our small-molecule screen, we identified a small-molecule combination, A769662 and AT13148, that enabled the most efficient production of CECs. The combination of A769662 and AT13148 upregulated the PKA/AKT signaling pathway, FOXO1 and PITX2 to promote the conversion of NCCs to CECs.

Conclusion: We established an efficient small molecule-based method to differentiate hiPSCs into corneal endothelial-like cells, which might facilitate drug discovery and the development of cell-based therapies for corneal diseases.
Quantifying the Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) Spatially in Tissues by Probe via MALDI Imaging Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Yu Daojiang , Lai Peng , Yan Tao , Fang Kai , Chen Lei , Zhang Shuyu
Published: December 2021

As a matrix metalloproteinase, the abnormal expression of MMP2 is associated with multiple biological processes, including tissue remodeling and cancer progression. Therefore, spatial analysis of MMP2 protein in tissues can be used as an important approach to evaluate the expression distribution of MMP2 in complex tissue environments, which will help the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases, including tissue or organ injuries. Moreover, this analysis will also help the evaluation of prognoses. However, MMP2 is difficult to be spatially determined by MALDI TOF mass spectrometry due to its large molecular weight (over 72 KD) and low content. Therefore, a new method should be developed to help this detection. Here, we have designed a specific MMP2 probe that closely binds to MMP2 protein in tissue. This probe has a Cl on Tyr at the terminal, which can provide two isotope peaks to help the accuracy quantitative of MMP2 protein. Based on this, we used the probe to determine the spatial expression of MMP2 in the tissues based on MALDI TOF mass spectrometry. This approach may help to study the influence of multifunctional proteases on the degree of malignancy in vivo.
Rapidly Self-Sterilizing PPE Capable of Destroying 100% of Microbes in 30-60 Seconds
Authors: Zinn Alfred A. , Izadjoo Mina , Kim Hosan , Brody Rachel L. , Roth Robert R. , Vega Agustin , Nguyen Khanh K. , Ngo Nhi T. , Zinn Hannah T. , Antonopoulos Nicholas , Stoltenberg Randall M.
Published: December 2021

The continued proliferation of superbugs in hospitals and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has created an acute worldwide demand for sustained broadband pathogen suppression in households, hospitals, and public spaces. In response, we have created a highly active, self-sterilizing copper configuration capable of inactivating a wide range of bacteria and viruses in 30-60 seconds. The highly active material destroys pathogens faster than any conventional copper configuration and acts as quickly as alcohol wipes and hand sanitizers. Unlike the latter, our copper material does not release volatile compounds or leave harmful chemical residues and maintains its antimicrobial efficacy over sustained use; it is shelf stable for years. We have performed rigorous testing in accordance with guidelines from U.S. regulatory agencies and believe that the material could offer broad spectrum, non-selective defense against most microbes via integration into masks, protective equipment, and various forms of surface coatings.
Prevalence, Pattern and Predictors for Dyslipidemia of Chinese Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Luo Xi , Cai Wang-Yu , Wu Xiao-Ke
Published: December 2021

Objective: To investigate the prevalence, pattern and risk predictors for dyslipidemia among Chinese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Study Design and Methods: A total of 1,000 women diagnosed as PCOS by modified Rotterdam criteria were enrolled in 27 hospitals across China in a randomized controlled trial. Anthropometric, metabolic parameters, sex hormone, and lipid levels were measured at the baseline visit. Dyslipidemia was defined according to total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides (TG) level. Independent t-test and logistic regression were used to identify predictors for dyslipidemia. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was calculated.

Results: A total of 41.3% of the women had dyslipidemia, and the prevalence of abnormal TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, and TG were 8.6, 9.1, 26.9, and 17.5%, respectively. Logistic regression found that age, waist circumference, insulin, follicle-stimulating hormone, and sex hormone-binding globulin were independent predictors for dyslipidemia. When combining these predictors, the AUC was 0.744. The cut-off points were age >28.5 years, waist circumference >86.5 cm, insulin >96.0 pmol/L, follicle-stimulating hormone <5.6 mIU/mL, and sex hormone-binding hormone <31.0 nmol/L, respectively.

Conclusion: Dyslipidemia was common in Chinese women with PCOS, and low HDL-C level was the predominant lipid abnormality. Age, waist circumference, follicle-stimulating hormone, insulin and sex hormone-binding globulin were predictive for dyslipidemia among Chinese women with PCOS.
The Characteristics of Closed Pores in Coals With Different Ranks
Authors: Liu Tong , Zhao Yixin , Noraei Danesh Nima
Published: December 2021

The closed pores in coal seams influence the storage of coalbed methane. The investigation of closed pores characteristics for coals is of great significance in improving the production of coalbed methane and revealing the mechanism of coal and gas outburst. However, due to limitations in analytical techniques, the characteristics and evolution mechanism of closed pores in coals with different ranks are not sufficiently understood. In this paper, eight coal samples with different ranks were collected and characterized by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and low-temperature nitrogen adsorption (LTNA). The open and closed pores of coals with various ranks were studied, and the mechanism for evolution of closed pores during coalification was proposed. The results show that among eight coal samples with different ranks, the closed porosity of low-metamorphic coals is relatively lower, the closed porosity of medium-metamorphic coals is in the middle, and the closed porosity of high-metamorphic coals is relatively higher. The change in closed porosity for coals with different ranks may be related to varieties of the molecular structure of coals. The low-metamorphic coals have more disordered arrangement of molecular structure and easily form connected pores. Therefore, the closed porosity in low-metamorphic coals is low. The aromatization of medium-metamorphic coals turns aliphatic chains into closed aromatic rings, and the closed porosity of these coals also increases. When coals reach a high degree of metamorphism, polycondensation compacts the coal macromolecular structure, providing for easy formation of closed pores between aromatic condensed rings, so the closed porosity is obviously increased in high-metamorphic coals. This study has dual significance in advancing the understanding of open and closed pores in coals and the mechanism of coal and gas outburst.
A Novel Technique Based on Peafowl Optimization Algorithm for Maximum Power Point Tracking of PV Systems Under Partial Shading Condition
Authors: Li Dongrui , Li Jinjin , Wang Ning
Published: December 2021

One of the most critical tasks during the application of photovoltaic (PV) systems is to harvest the optimal output power at various environmental scenarios, which is called maximum power point tracking (MPPT). Though plenty of advanced techniques are developed to achieve this purpose, most of them have corresponding prominent disadvantages, such as inefficient tracking ability, high computation burden, and complex convergence mechanism. Therefore, this work aims to propose a novel and powerful bio-inspired meta-heuristic optimization algorithm called peafowl optimization algorithm (POA), which is inspired by the group food searching behaviors of peafowl swarm. It can effectively achieve a suitable balance between local exploitation and global exploration thanks to its efficient exploratory and exploitative searching operators. Thus, a satisfactory MPPT performance for PV systems under partial shading condition (PSC) can be obtained based on POA. Moreover, two case studies, e.g., start-up test and step change in solar irradiation with constant temperature, are adopted to fairly and comprehensively validate the superiority and effectiveness of POA in contrast with particle swarm optimization (PSO) and teaching-learning-based optimization (TLBO), respectively.
Application of Sparse Representation in Bioinformatics
Authors: Han Shuguang , Wang Ning , Guo Yuxin , Tang Furong , Xu Lei , Ju Ying , Shi Lei
Published: December 2021

Inspired by L1-norm minimization methods, such as basis pursuit, compressed sensing, and Lasso feature selection, in recent years, sparse representation shows up as a novel and potent data processing method and displays powerful superiority. Researchers have not only extended the sparse representation of a signal to image presentation, but also applied the sparsity of vectors to that of matrices. Moreover, sparse representation has been applied to pattern recognition with good results. Because of its multiple advantages, such as insensitivity to noise, strong robustness, less sensitivity to selected features, and no “overfitting” phenomenon, the application of sparse representation in bioinformatics should be studied further. This article reviews the development of sparse representation, and explains its applications in bioinformatics, namely the use of low-rank representation matrices to identify and study cancer molecules, low-rank sparse representations to analyze and process gene expression profiles, and an introduction to related cancers and gene expression profile database.
Shedding Structured Light on Molecular Immunity: The Past, Present and Future of Immune Cell Super Resolution Microscopy
Authors: Johanson Timothy M. , Keenan Christine R. , Allan Rhys S.
Published: December 2021

In the two decades since the invention of laser-based super resolution microscopy this family of technologies has revolutionised the way life is viewed and understood. Its unparalleled resolution, speed, and accessibility makes super resolution imaging particularly useful in examining the highly complex and dynamic immune system. Here we introduce the super resolution technologies and studies that have already fundamentally changed our understanding of a number of central immunological processes and highlight other immunological puzzles only addressable in super resolution.
Regionally Distinct Immune and Metabolic Transcriptional Responses in the Bovine Small Intestine and Draining Lymph Nodes During a Subclinical Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis Infection
Authors: Ibeagha-Awemu Eveline M. , Bissonnette Nathalie , Do Duy N. , Dudemaine Pier-Luc , Wang Mengqi , Facciuolo Antonio , Griebel Philip
Published: December 2021

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is the causative infectious agent of Johne’s disease (JD), an incurable granulomatous enteritis affecting domestic livestock and other ruminants around the world. Chronic MAP infections usually begin in calves with MAP uptake by Peyer’s patches (PP) located in the jejunum (JE) and ileum (IL). Determining host responses at these intestinal sites can provide a more complete understanding of how MAP manipulates the local microenvironment to support its long-term survival. We selected naturally infected (MAPinf, n=4) and naive (MAPneg, n=3) cows and transcriptionally profiled the JE and IL regions of the small intestine and draining mesenteric lymph nodes (LN). Differentially expressed (DE) genes associated with MAP infection were identified in the IL (585), JE (218), jejunum lymph node (JELN) (205), and ileum lymph node (ILLN) (117). Three DE genes (CD14, LOC616364 and ENSBTAG00000027033) were common to all MAPinf versus MAPneg tissues. Functional enrichment analysis revealed immune/disease related biological processes gene ontology (GO) terms and pathways predominated in IL tissue, indicative of an activated immune response state. Enriched GO terms and pathways in JE revealed a distinct set of host responses from those detected in IL. Regional differences were also identified between the mesenteric LNs draining each intestinal site. More down-regulated genes (52%) and fewer immune/disease pathways (n=5) were found in the ILLN compared to a higher number of up-regulated DE genes (56%) and enriched immune/disease pathways (n=13) in the JELN. Immunohistochemical staining validated myeloid cell transcriptional changes with increased CD172-positive myeloid cells in IL and JE tissues and draining LNs of MAPinf versus MAPneg cows. Several genes, GO terms, and pathways related to metabolism were significantly DE in IL and JE, but to a lesser extent (comparatively fewer enriched metabolic GO terms and pathways) in JELN suggesting distinct regional metabolic changes in IL compared to JE and JELN in response to MAP infection. These unique tissue- and regional-specific differences provides novel insight into the dichotomy in host responses to MAP infection that occur throughout the small intestine and mesenteric LN of chronically MAP infected cows.
Neutrophil-Derived IL-17 Promotes Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury via p38 MAPK/MCP-1 Pathway Activation
Authors: Liao Xiaoting , Zhang Weikang , Dai Huijun , Jing Ren , Ye Mengling , Ge Wanyun , Pei Shenglin , Pan Linghui
Published: December 2021

Ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) is one of the most common complications of mechanical ventilation and can severely affect health. VILI appears to involve excessive inflammatory responses, but its pathogenesis has not yet been clarified. Since interleukin-17 (IL-17) plays a critical role in the immune system and the development of infectious and inflammatory diseases, we investigated here whether it plays a role in VILI. In a mouse model of VILI, mechanical ventilation with high tidal volume promoted the accumulation of lung neutrophils, leading to increased IL-17 levels in the lung, which in turn upregulated macrophage chemoattractant protein-1viap38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. Depletion of neutrophils decreases the production IL-17 in mice and inhibition of IL-17 significantly reduced HTV-induced lung injury and inflammatory response. These results were confirmedin vitrousing RAW264.7 macrophage cultures. Our results suggest that IL-17 plays a pro-inflammatory role in VILI and could serve as a new target for its treatment.
Bothrops bilineatus: An Arboreal Pitviper in the Amazon and Atlantic Forest
Authors: Bernarde Paulo Sérgio , Pucca Manuela Berto , Mota-da-Silva Ageane , da Fonseca Wirven Lima , de Almeida Marllus Rafael Negreiros , de Oliveira Isadora Sousa , Cerni Felipe Augusto , Gobbi Grazziotin Felipe , Sartim Marco A. , Sachett Jacqueline , Wen Fan Hui , Moura-da-Silva Ana Maria , Monteiro Wuelton M.
Published: December 2021

The two-striped forest-pitviper (Bothrops bilineatus) is an arboreal snake that is currently represented by two subspecies (B. b. bilineatusandB. b. smaragdinus) that comprise a species complex, and its distribution is in the Amazon and the Atlantic Forest. The rarity of encounters with this snake is reflected in the low occurrence of cases of snakebites throughout its geographic distribution and the resulting low number of published clinical reports. However, in some areas,B. bilineatusproves to be more frequent and causes envenomations in a greater proportion. Herein, we review the main aspects of the species complexB. bilineatus, including its biology, ecology, taxonomy, morphology, genetic and molecular studies, geographic distribution, conservation status, venom, pathophysiology and clinical aspects, and epidemiology. In addition, the different antivenoms available for the treatment of envenomations caused byB. bilineatusare presented along with suggestions for future studies that are needed for a better understanding of the snakebites caused by this snake.