bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La depuración de funcionarios de la Administración de Justicia durante la Segunda República
Authors: Pino Abad Miguel
Published: March 2024

Inmediatamente después del fallido intento de golpe de Estado, encabezado por el general Sanjurjo, el Gobierno de Manuel Azaña presentó en las Cortes un proyecto de ley para separar de sus cargos a todos los funcionarios civiles o militares que fueran considerados desafectos al régimen republicano. Esa ley, de 11 de agosto de 1932, se vio complementada con la de 8 de septiembre del mismo año, por la que se permitía al Ejecutivo acometer discrecionalmente la jubilación forzosa de los funcionarios de las carreras judicial y fiscal. Ambas leyes fueron objeto de severas críticas, no sólo por la oposición política, sino también por colectivos de profesionales del Derecho, como los abogados, quienes vieron en ellas una clara amenaza a la independencia judicial y una flagrante vulneración de derechos reconocidos constitucionalmente. Con la llegada a la Presidencia del Consejo de Ministros de Alejandro Lerroux, se fijó que uno de los objetivos prioritarios debía ser la reposición en sus puestos de todos los funcionarios que habían sido apartados sin que se les hubiera instruido expediente previo. Fruto de ello, fue la promulgación de la ley de 13 de diciembre de 1934. Sin embargo, con el comienzo de la Guerra Civil se intensificó la depuración de funcionarios, siendo los adscritos a la Administración de Justicia unos de los más afectados. Por medio de un decreto de 21 de julio, se estableció que el Gobierno dispondría la cesantía de todos los empleados que hubieran tenido participación “en el movimiento subversivo o fueran enemigos del régimen”. De forma particular, el 21 de agosto se crearon las llamadas Juntas de Inspección de Tribunales, encargadas de investigar la actitud y adhesión al régimen republicano de los funcionarios de la Administración de Justicia. A fines de año y con el anarquista García Oliver al frente del Ministerio se dispuso que en cada una de las provincias se constituyera una comisión judicial, presidida por un magistrado del Tribunal Supremo, que estaría acompañado como vocales de dos personas pertenecientes a las centrales sindicales. Tales comisiones se encargaron de depurar la actuación y adhesión al régimen republicano de los funcionarios de la Administración de Justicia. A pesar de todo, la experiencia demostró que el proceso no se había extendido a la totalidad de funcionarios por lo que se insistió, a través de una orden de 11 de marzo de 1938, que todos los que no hubieran sido depurados por las comisiones provinciales lo fueran por la Sala de Gobierno del Tribunal Supremo.
Teletrabajo y seguridad y salud en el trabajo. Una exploración contextualizada desde la evolución del marco jurídico
Authors: Sabadell-Bosch Mar
Published: March 2024

Al tratar de analizar y comprender los retos de la digitalización del trabajo e identificar posibles soluciones, actualizadas a las nuevas dinámicas de cambio, es fundamental situar la Seguridad y salud de los trabajadores en el centro del escenario. El proceso de transformación digital y la informatización de los puestos de trabajos, que la pandemia COVID-19 ha acelerado, han puesto de relieve la exposición del trabajador a nuevos riesgos, vinculados a una conectividad cada vez más intensa, que también aumenta en extensión. La práctica acumulada ha alimentado el debate en torno a la necesidad de su protección y, en este contexto, se aprueba en nuestro ordenamiento el RD28/2020, llamado a regular el teletrabajo moderno y hoy transformado en la L10/2021. El trabajo digitalizado está desfigurando las coordenadas de espacio y tiempo que, históricamente, han delimitado el alcance y contenido de las obligaciones y responsabilidades en materia de prevención de riesgos. Es necesario ofrecer nuevas perspectivas para la observación del teletrabajo, valorar las razones de su cambiante despliegue y reparar en el evidente déficit de tutela jurídica en su primer medio siglo de recorrido. Desde esta óptica, la presente obra pretende contribuir a estimular el debate sobre posibles contingencias y prioridades jurídicas relacionadas con su aplicación, a partir de una exploración contextualizada del marco jurídico en materia de seguridad y salud del teletrabajo.
Court of Justice of the European Union or European Court of Human Rights – Is There a ‘Supreme Court of Europe’?
Authors: Daiber Birgit
Published: March 2024

In Europe, judicial review is not only exercised by courts within the states. Additionally, there are two European Courts, the Court of Justice of the EU (CJEU) and the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR). This chapter shows first their respective function with respect to judicial review. In a second step, it put its emphasis on the relationship between them and undertakes to ask whether – with respect to judicial review - one of them can be understood as the ‘Supreme Court of Europe’. It concludes that it is the European Court of Human Rights which can be described as such a ‘Supreme Court’.
Precedent of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights: State Compliance and Judicial Performance in Brazil, Colombia, Argentina, Chile, and Bolivia
Authors: Resende Ranieri L
Published: March 2024

Considering the external effects of adjudicative activity of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, structural questions emerge regarding the influence of IACtHR precedent in judicial branches of the Parties to the American Convention on Human Rights. In this sense, this paper seeks to apply the theoretical typologies developed by Ryan Goodman and Derek Jinks to the analysis of operative mechanisms of influence of international law inside the States’ jurisdictions. In this regard, it was necessary to create new specific categories (eg, acculturative persuasive precedent, selective persuasive precedent), to test whether they suitably describe the application of Inter-American precedents, in an attempt to categorize the recent performance of the highest courts in Brazil, Colombia, Argentina, Chile, and Bolivia. Additionally, the concept of double control of conventionality has presented essential perspectives for the compliance with IACtHR judgments by demanding States, as well as the interpretation and application of national laws deemed compatible, or not, with the Pact of San José. In the end, quantitative analysis played an important role in measuring each national court’s assimilation of international precedents as it outlined scenarios of explicit adoption of Inter-American Court precedent by national judicial branches. Sampled States were classified as follows: a) Brazil: selective persuasive IACtHR precedent with low performance; b) Colombia: acculturative persuasive IACtHR precedent with high performance; c) Argentina: selective persuasive IACtHR precedent with moderate performance; d) Chile: selective persuasive IACtHR precedent with high performance; and e) Bolivia: acculturative persuasive IACtHR precedent with moderate performance.
The Democratic Self-Defence of Constitutional Courts
Authors: Castillo-Ortiz Pablo , Roznai Yaniv
Published: March 2024

Courts around the world are under attack. They are being captured, packed, threatened, and their authority and powers are being limited by governments that seek to undermine the democratic constitutional order. Once courts are weakened or captured, it is easier for these governments to undermine other democratic institutions and even set courts themselves against democracy. Accordingly, using the rationale of ‘militant democracy’, this article proposes the theory of democratic self-defence of constitutional courts. According to this theory, constitutional courts (including apex courts with constitutional review powers) should declare the unconstitutionality of reforms to their institutional design when these are instrumental to a process of democratic decay. Not only that they should do so, but they must do so – as a duty – when the viability of the democratic system of government is at stake. The aim of this self-defence is not the self-interest preservation of institutional powers but the protection of democracy itself. In order to be able to protect democracy, courts must be able to protect themselves.
Analysis of nonlinear dynamics of RC slabs under blast loads: A hybrid machine learning approach
Authors: Mekkara Shanmughan Sandeep , Pansuk Withit , Raman Sudharshan N.
Published: March 2024

Considering the continuous threat of terrorist attacks on vital structures, it is imperative to enhance their resilience to blast impacts. Current analytical approaches are costly and complex, necessitating a more streamlined method to evaluate structures under such threats. This research addresses this by introducing a machine learning (ML) model that predicts the highly nonlinear behaviour of reinforced concrete (RC) slabs under blast loadings. A database with 936 samples, including both experimental and numerical data, was carefully created for this study. The investigation scrutinized eight ML algorithms, refined them to four based on their performance, and optimized them using grid search, genetic algorithm, and particle swarm optimization (PSO). The gradient boosting-PSO hybrid model emerged to be superior, with a remarkable 91% accuracy in predicting maximum deflection. Further, a comprehensive influence analysis was conducted using the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method to understand the contributions of various input parameters, pinpointing scaled distance and panel thickness as critical factors. This study, besides offering a rich database, also serves as an educational tool, shedding light on hyperparameter optimization techniques and SHAP analysis. The research promises a robust and interpretable ML model poised to significantly influence the practical engineering domain in improving the structural design of RC slabs facing blast impacts.
Low-carbon embodied alkali-activated materials for sustainable construction: A comparative study of single and ensemble learners
Authors: Amin Muhammad Nasir , Khan Suleman Ayub , Alawi Al-Naghi Ahmed A. , Latifee Enamur R. , Alnawmasi Nawaf , Deifalla Ahmed Farouk
Published: March 2024

Popular and eco-friendly alkali-activated materials (AAMs) replace Portland cement concrete. Due to the considerable compositional variability of AAMs and the inability of established materials science methods to understand composition–performance relationships, accurate property forecasts have proved impossible. This study set out to develop AAM compressive strength (CS) evaluation machine learning (ML) models using techniques including extreme gradient boosting (XGB), bagging regressor (BR), and multi-layer perceptron neural network (MLPNN). Ten input variables were used with a large dataset of 676 points. Statistical and K-fold studies were also used to evaluate the developed models’ correctness. XGB predicted the CS of AAM the best, followed by BR and MLPNN. The MLPNN and BR models had R
2 values of 0.80 and 0.90, respectively, whereas the XGB model had 0.94. Results from statistical analyses and k-fold cross-validation of the used ML models further attest to their validity. The built models can potentially compute the CS of AAMs for a variety of input parameter values, reducing the requirement for costly and time-consuming laboratory testing. Researchers and businesses may find this study useful in determining the necessary quantities of AAMs’ raw components.
Western Montana Snow Squall Climatology and Synoptic Patterns, 2000–2020
Authors: LUKINBEAL ALEX E
Published: March 2024

The rapid onset of whiteout conditions, from strong winds, blowing snow, and heavy snow, associated with snow squalls often results in hazardous travel conditions. Snow squalls bring pronounced impacts to the transportation sector, leading to accidents, fatalities, and significant travel delays. Given these impacts, historical frequencies, and the synoptic environments associated with snow squalls in western Montana were examined to develop forecast aides, primarily through synoptic pattern recognition, for meteorologists to identify and communicate snow squalls. A 20-yr climatology was constructed to identify events characterized by wind gusts ≥26 kt (30 mph) and visibility ≤0.8 km (0.5 mi). 74 snow squall events were identified from 2000 through 2020 across three ASOS sites: Missoula (KMSO), Kalispell (KGPI), and Butte (KBTM). The median duration of heavy (moderate) snow during snow squalls was 26 (34) min. A composite study utilizing these events was conducted using the NCEP North American Regional Reanalysis. The composite study along with surface observations, revealed three distinct snow squall patterns and types: orographic snow bands, Pacific cold fronts, and Canadian arctic fronts.
Empowering Public Engagement in Spatial Planning: A Collaborative Mapping Approach
Authors: Gjura Godec Manca , Nikšič Matej
Published: March 2024

This paper explores collaborative mapping as an approach to enhance public engagement in spatial planning. It provides insights into the current state of the art in collaborative mapping for practitioners and policymakers aiming to utilize its potential for better spatial planning. Through a systematic analysis of relevant literature, it investigates the evolution, application, and challenges of collaborative mapping. A comprehensive search of relevant sources on Google Scholar reveals the growing interest in collaborative mapping, particularly since 2018, with a focus on topics like land use and accessibility. The review underscores the importance of democratizing spatial data collection and highlights the role of user-generated content in participatory approaches. Public participation in collaborative mapping is examined, emphasizing the inclusion of diverse stakeholders and the need for tailored approaches to accommodate varied motivations for engagement. Advantages such as cost reduction and data provision are balanced against challenges like data quality, semantic issues and accessibility barriers. Key dimensions of collaborative mapping, including cost reduction, data accuracy, semantic issues and stakeholder importance, are addressed in more detail.
El mundo, el vacío: La anti-negritud en la filosofía de la historia de Hegel
Authors: Zambrana Rocío
Published: March 2024

A través de una lectura del concepto de mundo (Welt) de Hegel, este ensayo traza la estructura lógica de la anti-negritud en la filosofía de la historia hegeliana que postula a África como fuera de la historia mundial o universal (Weltgeschichte). La noción de vacío (das Leeren) aclara dicha estructura lógica, lo cual nos permite una evaluación crítica de la mirada hegeliana sobre el Viejo y el Nuevo Mundo. En diálogo con el trabajado reciente de Rei Terada, Angelica Nuzzo, y Rocío Zambrana, el ensayo también especifica la anti-negritud como un aspecto central de la articulación onto-epistémica en vez de normativa del idealismo de Hegel.
«Arde / el mar pero qué importa». La intertextualidad de las aguas discursivas en El regreso de la lluvia de María Domínguez del Castillo
Authors: Monzón Blasco Aitana
Published: March 2024

Este trabajo pretende profundizar en la intertextualidad de la poesía de María Domínguez del Castillo, en concreto en El regreso de la lluvia (Esdrújula, 2019). Domínguez del Castillo recurre al diálogo con otras voces para ahondar en los significados textuales y simbólicos del agua, el yo y el tiempo. Tales entidades aparecen desbordadas en una poética centrada en la búsqueda incansable del conocimiento. Siguiendo las escrituras de Woolf, Mann y Eliot, la de Domínguez del Castillo es una poética sustentada en la plurisignificación del agua como cuerpo moldeable a través de una hibridez de géneros que busca, insaciablemente, una lectura en clave ontológica.
Ramón Sijé. Fascismo y organicismo actualizado
Authors: Del Ama Navidad Mario
Published: March 2024

El objeto principal de este trabajo es tratar de analizar el inconsciente ideológico de Ramón Sijé realizando un breve recorrido por su producción. Se llamará la atención sobre la manera en la que el ensayista clama por una vuelta a la visión barroca del mundo con el fin último de deslegitimar al gobierno republicano. La interpretación que este artículo propone es que nos encontramos ante una actualización de lo que vamos a denominar organicismo. De esta manera, el artículo quedará dividido en dos partes: explicación del organicismo y su actualización en el siglo XX, y un análisis de la obra ensayística de Ramón Sijé aplicando las teorías previamente expuestas.
Benavente, Verdugo y Bruna: jóvenes poetas uranistas del Parnaso español
Authors: Serrano Gómez Vicente
Published: March 2024

Este trabajo tiene por objeto el análisis de parte de la obra poética de juventud de tres autores parnasianos españoles: Jacinto Benavente, Manuel Verdugo y José Luis María Bruna. En concreto, se aborda la poesía que se podría calificar como uranista y que supone un antecedente de lo que se conoce hoy como poesía homosexual. A lo largo de cuatro poemarios publicados entre 1893 y 1907, se rastrean los símbolos homoeróticos enmarcados en una Hélade mítica que constituye uno de los escenarios utópicos más frecuentes entre los creadores europeos homosexuales de entre siglos.
Application of intravascular ultrasound in the treatment of diffuse coronary artery disease
Authors:   , Budrys Povilas
Published: March 2024

Difuzinės širdies vainikinių arterijų ligos perkateterinis gydymas pasitelkiant intrakraujagyslinį ultragarsinį tyrimą
Evaluation of survival of sickle cell patients after liver transplantation at the Henri Mondor Hospital in Créteil (HHM) in France: A Retrospective cohort study
Authors: Matimbo Jean Jacques Koyondele , Nkodila Aliocha Natuhoyila , Duvoux Christophe , Mubenga Francky , Tshimpi Antoine Wola Yaba
Published: March 2024

Background: Hepatic cholestasis is very common in sickle cell disease, thus requiring liver transplantation; but this technique is not practiced in the developing world. The objective of this study was to evaluate the survival of sickle cell patients after liver transplantation followed at the Henri Mondor Hospital in Créteil (HHM) in France. Methods: Historical cohort study conducted in 24 sickle cell patients followed at the Henri Mondor hospital in Créteil in France during the period from 1991 to 2019. The clinical, biological and evolutionary parameters were studied. Patient survival was described by Kaplan Meier curves and risk factors for death were sought by Cox regression. Results: Among the 24 sickle cell patients who underwent a liver transplant, 11 had died, representing a mortality rate of 45.8%. Their average age was 35.7±8.6 years, female sex ratio 1M/2F. Malnutrition accounted for 25%, 58.3% of patients were homozygous, in hepatic presentation, 45.8% were grade 0 and 54.2% grade I-V. Ascites, hepatic encephalopathy and high risk according to the MIELD score had influenced death (p<0.05). The median time to intervention was longer in the deceased (p<0.001), on the other hand, the duration of follow-up was shorter in the deceased (p<0.001). After adjustment, male gender (HRa: 3.95 95% CI: 1.42-9.00), homozygous status (HRa: 3.92 95% CI: 1.61-5.12), encephalopathy 2.70 (1.41-7.01), MELD score high risk (3.20 (1.26-5.66) and time to intervention ≥ 3 days (HRa: 2.96 95% CI: 1.89-6.78) were the independent predictors of sickle cell mortality. Conclusion: the death rate is high in transplanted sickle cell patients; it is influenced by the state of the liver, the time to intervention and the homozygote state.
Optimization of electricity consumption in an industrial zone with a battery system: a case study of Ikitelli industrial zone in Turkey
Authors: Yavuz Kubra
Published: March 2024

Industrial power use is considerably high in Turkey. In the case of industrial zones, the three-time tariff is more economical for the owners. However, in industrial zones with considerably high energy consumption during peak hours, an alternative way is needed to reduce electricity costs. A battery-powered model was developed earlier in order to take advantage of the three-time tariff and to reduce the electric charge during peak hours. In this study, the aim was to reduce the power utility costs of industrial consumption and to mitigate CO2 emissions for businesses with high electricity costs by using solar energy. A mixed-integer optimization model was constructed as a combination of solar panels and a battery system to minimize the peak-hour grid-connected energy consumption in industrial zones. Using the consumption data from 2018, a model was implemented for a case study in İkitelli Industrial Zone in terms of 24-h scheduling. Three different alternative energy combination scenarios were studied: a monofacial PV (photovoltaic) panel system with batteries, a bifacial PV panel system with batteries, and electricity received from the grid only at the night tariff. This study found that a combined method could minimize the grid usage during peak hours.
Uranium-Lead Age According to Zircon of Syenites of the Velykovyska Massif (Korsun-Novomyrhorod Pluton)
Authors: Stepanyuk L.M. , Ponomarenko O.M. , Vysotsky O.B. , Dovbush T.I. , Grechanovskaya E.E.
Published: March 2024

The results of uranium-lead dating of zircons from syenites of the Velykovyska massif (Korsun-Novomyrhorod pluton) of the Ingul megablock of the USh are given. The Velykovyska massif, located in the southern part of the Korsun-Novomyrhorod anorthosite-rapakivi granite pluton, in the area of the village Velyka Vyska, composed of fayalite-hedenbergite syenites. Syenites are small isolated intrusive bodies that are conventionally united in the Velykovyska massif. Several varieties of syenites are distinguished by textural-structural features and mineral composition — fine-grained, medium-grained (predominant), mesocratic (10-15% of dark-colored minerals, occasionally 20-30%), leuco- and melanocratic (present in subordinate quantities) syenites according to alkali content belong to the normal series. The anatomy of zircon crystals from a sample (217/862) of syenite discovered by well 862 was studied. Zircon crystals from the Velykovyska syenite massif are quite diverse — from transparent yellow and lilac to slightly transparent brown, cracked. Zircon crystals in the syenites of the Velykovyska massif crystallized from magmatic melt, probably with a short break in crystallization. The age of the syenites of the Velykovyska massif was determined by the uranium-lead isotope method based on three size fractions of multi-grain weights of zircon crystals from the fayalite-hedenbergite syenite, sample (217/860) and two size fractions of multi-grain weights of zircon crystals of the sample (158/860) St. 860. The discordia intersects the concordia at two points: the upper crossing corresponds to the age of 1774 ± 18 Ma and the lower one — –129 ± 955 Ma. Taking into account the slight discordance (0.9-1.6), the weighted average value of the age based on the 207Pbr/206Pbr isotopic ratio was calculated to be 1776.2 ± 2.8 Ma, which coincides within the margin of error with the age calculated from the upper intersection of concordia with discordia and which we take the time of crystallization of zircon crystals and the age of the syenite of the Velykovyska massif.
Immediate Loaded Post Extraction Implant and Connective Graft-Guided Bone Regeneration: A Case Report
Authors: Calderon Ivan , Alvitez-Temoche Daniel , Espinoza-Carhuancho Fran , Mendoza Roman , Mauricio Franco , Mayta-Tovalino Frank
Published: March 2024

This case report describes the clinical and therapeutic approach used in a 32-year-old female patient with a tooth fracture in tooth 22. The patient, with no history of systemic disease, presented with a chronic periapical lesion and a cervical fracture in the affected tooth. Treatment included atraumatic extraction of the tooth, followed by placement of a 3.75 x 10mm post-extraction implant with immediate loading and guided bone regeneration. The minimally invasive surgical technique was employed using the Dentoflex® drilling sequence. The primary stability of the implant, measured in 37 Newtons of torque, allowed the placement of a prefabricated metal abutment for the subsequent cemented crown. Bone regeneration of the interimplant space was successfully performed, supplemented by connective grafting due to the patient's thin gingival phenotype. Postoperative follow-up, including controls at 7, 14 days and four months, showed a satisfactory conformation of the gingival margin and papillary tissue, consolidating the success of the treatment.
Forensic Insights: Unmasking Technology-Assisted Child Sexual Abuse Through the Lens of Child Healthcare Workers
Authors: Marimuthu Varshini , Ganesh Sachin Ram , Baalaji L. Lakshman
Published: March 2024

COVID-19 infection prevention measures have enhanced risks of abuse for children, especially in terms of high vulnerability to technology. Despite the rise in technology-assisted child sexual abuse (TA-CSA), little research has been conducted on Child Healthcare Workers’ perceptions beyond reporting on young people’s experiences. This novel study aims to understand how Childcare Workers perceive technology-assisted child sexual abuse, risks, impacts, therapeutics, and perceptions of need. Qualitative research methodology was used for the study. Child healthcare workers volunteering to participate in the study were approached by a purposive sampling strategy and interviewed in person. Field notes were taken to record the conversation. Grounded theory approach was used to analyze the results to eliminate bias associated with presumptive knowledge from literature. Participants reported an exponential rise in cases of TA-CSA during the COVID-19 pandemic. Impacts of TA-CSA such as self-blame, fear of offender, and inability to manage emotions were the most common and peculiar aspects of TA-CSA in this population. Though the childcare workers recognized the risks and impacts of TA-CSA, they were unaware of the need for distinct frameworks and therapeutic approaches essential for handling cases of TA-CSA. Complexities in TA-CSA necessitate an algorithm in addressing TA-CSA as a separate entity. Therapy should be focused on the specific impacts of TA-CSA. Further, the observations of the study stipulate the exigent shift in community perspective from blaming the victim to shaming the offender.
Aerodynamic parameters of buildings at different floors in the immediate vicinity
Authors: Voznyak Orest , Dudkiewicz Edyta , Spodyniuk Nadiia , Dovbush Oleksandr , Sukholova Iryna , Savchenko Olena , Kasynets Mariana
Published: March 2024

The immediate vicinity of buildings of different floors causes damages of the smoke and ventilation channels work of the low-rise buildings. This is dangerous for the resident's health and lives. To determine the impact of high-rise buildings on the operation of air channels of a nearby two-story building, experimental research has been carried out in a wind tunnel. Charts and analytical formulas have been designed for determining the buildings aerodynamic coefficients depending on wind directions and the channels height. An increase of the channel height results in an increase in static rarefaction in smoke and ventilation channels. Increasing rarefaction increases the efficiency of the natural ventilation system and ensures the residents health and life.
Új minimálinvazív kezelési lehetőségek jó- és rosszindulatú fül-orr-gégészeti betegségekben nanoszerkezetű hatóanyag-leadó rendszerek alkalmazásával
Authors: Szabó Diána , Janovák László , Abdelgafour Mohamed , Takács Tamás , Csanády Miklós , Spengler Gabriella , Szakács László , Csanády Miklós , Rovó László
Published: March 2024

A fej-nyaki daganatok ma Magyarországon a 4. leggyakoribb daganatos betegségek.
Az etiológiai faktorokat tekintve vezető tényező a dohányzás és az
alkoholfogyasztás. Ezek hiányában a HPV-pozitivitás számít oki tényezőnek. Az
eredményes kezelés egyénre szabottan ötvözi a sebészi, kemo-, sugár- és
immunterápiát. Munkánkban a kemoterápiás szerek mellékhatásprofiljának
szűkítését próbáltuk csökkenteni két ismert és széles körben használt
kemoterapeutikumot, ciszplatint és mitomicin C-t tartalmazó, új nanotechnológiai
gyógyszerbeviteli rendszer kialakításával. A poli(vinil-alkohol)-tartalmú
szintetikus polimerből gyógyszerbeviteli rendszert alakítottunk ki, mely
tartalmazza a ciszplatin vagy mitomicin C kemoterapeutikumot. A nanotechnológiai
gyógyszerleadó rendszer a célterületre való bevitel után a hatóanyagot
koncentrációfüggő mennyiségben, időkontrolláltan adja le a kívánt hatás
eléréséhez. Vizsgált szintetikus polimerünk a mukoadhezív, biokompatibilis,
biodegradábilis tulajdonságait kiaknázva a hatóanyag leadása után eliminálódik.
Ez a korszerű nanotechnológiai gyógyszerbeviteli rendszer egy új lokális
kemoterápia lehetőségét veti fel, mellyel nagy fokban csökkenthetjük a
kemoterápiás szerek ismert, sok esetben a kemoterápiás kezelés felfüggesztését
okozó, súlyos, életet veszélyeztető mellékhatásait. Orv Hetil. 2024; 165(10):
370–378.
New record of the slimy eel Eptatretus polytrema (Girard, 1855) (Myxiniformes, Myxinidae) in the extreme north of Chile
Authors: Méndez-Abarca Felipe , Pepe-Victoriano Renzo , Mundaca Enrique A.
Published: March 2024

We report the capture of a single specimen of the slimy eel Eptatretus polytrema (Girard, 1855) off the coast of the city of Arica, northern Chile. This ﬁnd extends the currently known range of the species by 1,600 km northwards from the city of Caldera (Atacama Region) to Puerto Montt (Lake Region). We discuss the importance of ﬁnding this species in the extreme north of Chile and the need for additional sampling to conﬁrm the continuous range of E. polytrema between Caldera and Arica.
Optimizing Public Service through Innovative Talent Management Strategies for Public Officials: A Case Study in the Riau Islands Province
Authors: Sholeh Chaereyranba , Firman Firman , Abdul Malek Jalaluddin , Kartini Novang Cahya Sri
Published: March 2024

Talent Management is a crucial element for public organizations, which includes absorbing, identifying, and retaining civil servants who have outstanding talents in each organization and make a significant contribution to the progress of public organizations to create excellent public services. A talent management model in the public sector, especially at the local government level, is needed because approximately 80% of civil servants are placed in the regions, and the dynamics of the bureaucratic environment are more dynamic and complex. The Riau Archipelago Province is one of the areas that has implemented a merit system, but the career pattern could have gone better. This study aims to analyze strategies for implementing Talent Management to accelerate bureaucratic reform and manage the capacity of civil servants in the Provincial Government of the Riau Archipelago. This research method uses a qualitative exploratory case study methodology. The results of this study show that the Riau Islands Provincial Government has not implemented Talent Management for civil servants by the mandate of the PAN RB Ministerial Regulation Number 3 of 2020, which is currently in the preparation stage of regulations in the form of a Governor's Regulation concerning the Management of Civil Servants Talents in the Islands Provincial Government Riau. Therefore, aspects of career development in the merit system must be a significant concern so that the Riau Islands Provincial Government can meet the desired targets.
Global Social Movements (GSMs) and Non-Governmental Organizations: Investigating the Impact on Global Social Change
Authors: Nandy Debasish
Published: March 2024

Global Social Movements (GSMs) have become integral to the study of Sociology and International Politics, reflecting the interconnectedness of global communities on diverse issues. Orchestrated by NGOs and INGOs, GSMs encompass environmental, women’s, human rights, racial, fair trade, and refugee movements, among others, reflecting the breadth of global concerns. However, challenges arise from political affiliations between civil society members and state authorities, as well as pressures from donor countries and ruling elites in economically disadvantaged nations. This study, employing content analysis methodology, aims to delineate the causes of GSMs, investigate the roles of INGOs and civil society, and explore the interplay between GSMs and global governance. Through critical analysis, it provides insights and recommendations to enhance the effectiveness and inclusivity of GSMs in addressing global challenges, thus contributing to the advancement of global democracy and governance structures.
Road Users in Road Traffic Fatalities in South Africa: Challenges and Effective Responses
Authors: Modipa Mmakwena
Published: March 2024

Approximately 1.3 million people die each year as a result of road traffic crashes (World Health Organization, 2022). Furthermore, road traffic injuries are the leading cause of death for children and young adults aged 5-29 years, with more than half of all road traffic deaths occurring among vulnerable road users: pedestrians, cyclists, and motorcyclists. Young people pose a significant risk on the road globally, including in South Africa, where negligent driving is prevalent, putting other road users at risk of fatalities. Road traffic fatalities are a pressing issue for road traffic authorities in South Africa, with increasing numbers of fatalities. The inability of young people to adhere to road rules contributes to this high rate of road traffic fatalities. This article focuses on the challenges associated with young road users in road traffic fatalities and employs a qualitative methodology drawing on a wide range of secondary sources. It further utilizes findings from around the world to address these challenges. The research identifies key steps to prevent road traffic fatalities among young people, including strengthening law enforcement, conducting road safety awareness campaigns, combating corruption at driving license testing centers, and ensuring licenses are awarded based on competency rather than corrupt practices.
Banquets with the Viziers
Authors: Dalby Andrew
Published: March 2024

This paper traces the culinary adventures of an ambassador, his entourage, and his rivals, in mid-sixteenth-century Constantinople. It opens with a brief outline of the comings and goings of French and German diplomats between 1544 and 1549. This will provide the context for three narratives by different observers of what must have been strikingly similar occasions, a series of dinners at which diplomats on arrival or departure were entertained by the Sultan’s ministers. Details of food and drink at these occasions are then examined and questioned with the help of reports by contemporaries who, whether they travelled as diplomats or scholars or neither, were ready to explore the ethnography and archaeology of Ottoman lands.
Nicola Humble: The Literature of Food
Authors: Murrell Di
Published: March 2024

Nicola Humble: The Literature of Food: Bloomsbury Academic, 2020: 288 pp., hardback, £70.00; paperback, £22.99.
Christel Lane: From Taverns to Gastropubs. Food, Drink, and Sociality in England
Authors: Jaine Tom
Published: March 2024

Christel Lane: From Taverns to Gastropubs. Food, Drink, and Sociality in England: Oxford University Press, 2018: 230 pp., hardback, £31.99.
Annie Gray: Victory in the Kitchen. The Life of Churchill’s Cook
Authors: Jaine Tom
Published: March 2024

Annie Gray: Victory in the Kitchen. The Life of Churchill’s Cook: Profile Books, 2020: 392 pp., hardback, £16.99.
Tania Lewis: Digital Food. From Paddock to Platform
Authors: Jaine Tom
Published: March 2024

Tania Lewis: Digital Food. From Paddock to Platform: Bloomsbury Academic, Contemporary Food Studies Series, 2020: 206 pp., paperback, £21.99 (hard covers, £65.00).
CONSIDERAÇÕES ACERCA DO ESTÁGIO DE DOCÊNCIA NA PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM GEOGRAFIA
Authors: Santos Igor de Luccas , Feitosa Antonio Cordeiro , Aquino Junior José
Published: March 2024

Este trabalho contém reflexões e interpretações referentes ao desenvolvimento do estágio de docência no ensino superior, na disciplina geoprocessamento, pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia, da Universidade Federal do Maranhão, a partir da proposta de elaboração de um mapa hipsométrico. A metodologia utilizada consistiu dos procedimentos didáticos adotados no desenvolvimento da disciplina. Dentre os resultados obtidos, ressalta-se o processo de realização do estágio conforme as seguintes etapas: ambientação; preparação das aulas; regência de classe e avaliação da aprendizagem, cuja experiência satisfez um dos requisitos exigidos pelas normas reguladoras do Programa e serviu de base para discutir a carência do preparo pedagógico nos programas de pós-graduação, além da aplicação prática do geoprocessamento no ensino superior em geografia.
AULA EM CAMPO NOS GEOSSITIOS DO GEOPARK ARARIPE, CEARÁ:
Authors: Oliveira Bruna Almeida de , Batista de Albuquerque Francisco Nataniel
Published: March 2024

A geoconservação dos elementos da geodiversidade passa pela adoção de ações educativas voltadas para a conscientização coletiva em espaços escolares e não-escolares. Diante do exposto, o presente artigo tem como objetivo propor aulas em campo para o Ensino Fundamental de Geografia no Geopark Araripe, Ceará de acordo com o principal interesse da geodiversidade de cada geossítio. Do ponto de vista metodológico, a pesquisa possui um caráter qualitativo e propositiva enquanto objetivo tomando como referência a classificação quanto ao interesse principal da geodiversidade (FUERTES-GUTIÉRREZ; FERNÁNDEZ-MARTÍNEZ, 2010). A escolha do 6º ano de Geografia do Ensino Fundamental justifica-se pelos objetos de conhecimento do currículo escolar que mais se aproximam da temática geodiversidade. Como resultado foram propostos três grupos de aulas em campo: o primeiro, nos geossítios paleontológicos Floresta Petrificada (Missão Velha), Pedra Cariri (Nova Olinda) e Parque dos Pterossauros (Santana do Cariri); o segundo, nos geossítios geomorfológicos Colina do Horto (Juazeiro do Norte), Ponte de Pedra (Nova Olinda) e Pontal de Santa Cruz (Santana do Cariri); o terceiro, nos geossítios hidrogeológicos Batateiras (Crato), Riacho do Meio (Barbalha) e Cachoeira de Missão Velha, no município homônimo
Problems of the dairy and food subcomplex and ways to solve them
Authors: Kaleev Nikolay , Kuchin Nikolai , Pavlov Alexey
Published: March 2024

The article examines the dairy and food subcomplex, which faces a number of problems, such as low livestock productivity, high production costs, milk price disparity between the agricultural producer and the processor, low competitiveness in the market, etc. To solve these problems, it is necessary to introduce modern technologies into production, improve the quality of livestock feed, and develop new methods of regulating the dairy subcomplex. Such measures will help to improve the condition of the dairy and food subcomplex and increase its competitiveness in the domestic market.
The article discusses the milk-food sub-complex, which faces a number of problems, such as low livestock productivity, high production costs, disparity in milk prices between the agricultural producer and the processor, low competitiveness of domestic producers in the dairy market, etc. The problem of saturation of the food market with high-quality and affordable domestic food products is one of the main ones both at the state level and in a separate region, is directly related to the efficiency of production and characterizes the degree of adaptation of food complex enterprises to new economic conditions. The purpose of the work is to identify and assess the problems, as well as regional characteristics of the functioning of the milk-food subcommittee, which is of particular economic and food importance, since the standard of living of the population, the quality of reproduction of labor resources and food security of the region depend on the volume of production of milk and dairy products, their competitiveness.
The article analyzed and assessed the current state of milk production and processing in the Nizhny Novgorod region. Key problems were identified both in the production and processing of milk and in the interaction of the participants in the milk-food subcommittee. The main directions for solving certain problems are highlighted to develop an integrated solution to the development of the milk-food subcommittee of the Nizhny Novgorod region.
To solve these problems, it is necessary to introduce modern technologies into production, improve the quality of livestock feed, and develop new methods for regulating the milk-food subcommittee. Such measures will help improve the state of the milk-food subcommittee and increase its competitiveness in the domestic market.
Association between physical activity domains and depressive symptoms among Brazilian adults: does every move count?
Authors: Loch Mathias Roberto , Augusto Nathalia Assis , Souza Bruna Leticia Scremin , Rufino Jessica Vertuan , Carvalho Fabio Fortunato Brasil de
Published: March 2024

Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the practice of physical activities in the four domains (leisure time, transportation, household, and work) and the prevalence of depressive symptoms in Brazilian adults, in general and stratified by sex, schooling level, and having or not a self-reported diagnosis of depression. This is a cross-sectional study with data from 88,531 individuals aged 18 years or older, who responded to the Brazilian National Health Survey in 2019. The depressive symptoms were evaluated by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Those who practice physical activities at least once a week in a given domain were considered physically active. Additionally, the calculation of physical activities duration was conducted and later divided into quartiles for each domain. For the association analyses, the crude odds ratio (crudeOR) and adjusted odds ratio (adjustedOR) were calculated for the total and stratified analyses. Individuals who are physically active during leisure time showed a lower chance of presenting depressive symptoms, in total (adjustedOR = 0.74; 95%CI: 0.64-0.86) and in all stratifications, except for individuals with self-reported depression. The associations of leisure-time physical activity were most frequent in those who practice from 121 to 360 minutes/week. The individuals who were active in the transportation, household, and work domains had a higher chance of presenting depressive symptoms in some groups, with more consistent results for household physical activities. The results showed that the relationship between physical activities and depression among Brazilians varies according to domain and duration, and that the concept that “every move counts” seemed to be correct only for the leisure-time domain.
Associação entre as condições de nascimento e a densidade mineral óssea de adultos das coortes de nascimentos de 1982 e 1993 de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
Authors: Silva Luísa Silveira da , Menezes Ana Maria Baptista , Barros Fernando C. , Wehrmeister Fernando C. , Silva Helen Denise Gonçalves da , Horta Bernardo Lessa
Published: March 2024

Resumo: Este estudo avaliou a associação do peso ao nascer, idade gestacional e crescimento intrauterino com a densidade mineral óssea (DMO) aos 22 e 30 anos, nas coortes de nascimentos de 1982 e 1993 de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. A DMO foi medida por absorciometria por raios X com dupla energia (DXA), a associação foi avaliada usando análise de variância e a regressão linear múltipla para o controle de confundimento por: sexo, renda familiar ao nascer, tabagismo materno na gestação, escolaridade materna, cor da pele materna e índice de massa corporal pré-gestacional. Foi testado se a gordura corporal na vida adulta era mediadora da associação analisada, por meio da G-computation Formula. Foram avaliados 6.803 participantes das coortes de 1982 e 1993, aos 30 e 22 anos, respectivamente. O peso ao nascer teve associação com a DMO em todos os sítios, com maior diferença no colo femoral. Os nascidos com menos de 2.000g apresentaram, em média, -0,036g/cm2 (IC95%: -0,064; -0,008) de DMO no colo femoral em comparação àqueles com mais de 3.500g. Aqueles com escore-z de crescimento intrauterino com pelo menos 1,28 desvio padrão abaixo da média apresentaram, em média, -0,013g/cm2 (IC95%: -0,024; -0,002) de DMO na coluna lombar, em relação aos com escore-z acima da média. A análise de mediação mostrou que gordura corporal na idade adulta não mediou a associação. As condições de nascimento foram associadas com a densidade mineral óssea na vida adulta, e a identificação dos fatores precoces relacionados à perda de DMO é essencial devido à inversão demográfica em progresso em países de média e baixa renda.
Tendência temporal da avaliação do manejo adequado para diagnóstico e tratamento da tuberculose na atenção primária à saúde no Brasil entre 2012-2018
Authors: Picanço Larissa , Dutra Rinelly Pazinato , Saes Mirelle de Oliveira
Published: March 2024

Resumo: O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a presença de infraestrutura e processo de trabalho adequados na atenção primária à saúde (APS) para o diagnóstico, o monitoramento e o tratamento da tuberculose (TB) no Brasil de 2012 a 2018. Estudo de tendência temporal realizado com dados das unidades básicas de saúde (UBS) avaliadas nos ciclos I (2012), II (2014) e III (2018) do Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica (PMAQ-AB). Foi empregada a regressão de mínimos quadrados ponderada por variância para estimar as mudanças anuais, em pontos percentuais da infraestrutura e processo de trabalho adequado da TB em relação à macrorregião, ao porte do município e ao Índice Municipal de Desenvolvimento Humano e cobertura da Estratégia Saúde da Família. A amostra foi composta por 13.842 UBS e 17.202 equipes de saúde no ciclo I, 24.055 UBS e 29.778 equipes no II e 28.939 UBS e 37.350 equipes no III. Observou-se melhora gradual na proporção de infraestrutura e processo de trabalho ao atendimento da TB ao longo dos três ciclos do PMAQ-AB; contudo, nenhum local está integralmente adequado. A maior tendência de infraestrutura adequada foi verificada na Região Sul e no ano de 2018, em que 76,5% das UBS tinham todos os instrumentos para o cuidado à TB. A maior tendência de processo de trabalho adequado foi na Região Norte e no ano de 2018, em que 50,8% das equipes tinham a totalidade de itens para o cuidado à TB. O Programa Nacional de Controle da Tuberculose e o PMAQ-AB contribuíram para tais avanços, mas ainda é necessário o fomento de políticas públicas que garantam a melhoria contínua da assistência à TB na APS e a eficácia das medidas de controle e prevenção da doença.