bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New evidence on Allyn Young’s style and influence as a teacher
Authors: Sandilands Roger J.
Published: July 2002

Reproduces the main texts of hitherto unpublished reminiscences of the style and influence, as a teacher, of Allyn Abbott Young (1876‐1929) by 17 of his distinguished students. They include Bertil Ohlin, Nicholas Kaldor, James Angell, Lauchlin Currie, Colin Clark, Howard Ellis, Frank Fetter, Earl Hamilton, and Melvin Knight (brother of Frank Knight who, with Edward Chamberlin, was perhaps Young’s most famous PhD student). There has recently been a revival of interest in Young’s influence on US monetary thought and in his theory of economic growth based on endogenous increasing returns. These recollections of his students (addressed to Young’s biographer, Charles Blitch) shed light on why Young has, at least until recently, been renowned more for his massive erudition than for his published writings.
A strong showing for assembly as manufacturing week bows out
Authors: Rooks Brian
Published: July 2002

A report of the 2001 Manufacturing Week exhibition held at the NEC in Birmingham, highlighting some of the exhibits of assembly equipment manufacturers. Amongst the larger companies in focus are the Swiss company, Mikron and Rexroth Bosch, the new amalgamation following the sale of Rexroth's original corporate owner, Mannesmann. Rexroth Bosch showed a new compact Scara robot and flexible link conveyor, while Mikron emphasised its product evolution in the high volume, flexible assembly field and its partnership philosophy. There is a description of two Mikron installations in the telecoms and medical industries. Other contents include two rotary indexing machine suppliers and a special purpose equipment manufacturer who exhibited a machine assembling water filter cartridges.
Man‐robot cooperation in a flexible assembly cell
Authors: Dieter Schraft Rolf , Schmid Stefan , Thiemermann Stefan
Published: July 2002

Describes the benefits of close man‐robot cooperation within a single production cell. A vision system ensures the safety of the human while enabling high levels of productivity.
Tolerance analysis for fixture layout design
Authors: Yu Wang Michael
Published: July 2002

Localization accuracy is a key concern in the design of a fixture to specify a locating scheme and tolerance allocation. This paper presents an analysis describing the impact of localization source errors on the potential datum‐related geometric errors of machined features. The analysis reveals the error sensitivity and error characteristics of critical points of multiple manufacturing features. It shows the importance to consider the overall error among the multiple critical points in fixture layout design. This paper also suggests an optimal approach to the locator configuration design for reducing geometric variations at the critical points of machined features.
Managing an acquisition windfall: a Nigerian university library experience
Authors: Agboola A.T.
Published: July 2002

This paper discusses the problems of managing an acquisition windfall in a Nigerian university library after over a decade of acquisition drought brought about as a result of a serious downturn in the economy. The windfall, which came in the form of a World Bank $120 million facility to 20 federally owned Nigerian universities for the purchase of books, journals, library and laboratory equipment as well as staff training and expatriate supplementation, drastically changed acquisition patterns and rates in the affected university libraries. The responses by the library of the University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria, to the challenges of involving the faculty in the book selection processes, ensuring balance, processing the orders and receiving the materials into the library are highlighted. Post World Bank faculty prospects of Nigerian university libraries are also explored.
The Little River Drainage District collection
Authors: Pracht Carl , Banks Julie
Published: July 2002

Southeast Missouri is prosperous today as a rich, agricultural center partly because of the Little River Drainage District (LRDD), the body responsible for digging the levees, channels, and canals during the early twentieth century that drained the swampland which covered much of Southeast Missouri. The LRDD collected all the records related to the engineering project and to various aspects of people’s lives during that time, including tax records, plats, maps, catalogs, field reports, etc., and asked Southeast Missouri State University’s Kent Library to house them. Because of space considerations, the collection has been placed at the Bootheel Center, in Malden, Missouri. This article gives a brief history of Southeast Missouri and the LRDD, describes the collection, and highlights why these papers are of fundamental importance to the citizens of Southeast Missouri.
Developing an electronic collection for the Florida State University System
Authors: Dalehite Michele
Published: July 2002

Details the background of the development of an electronic collection for the Florida State University System (SUS). Finds that, a year after its creation, the Electronic Development Committee has still not yet managed to formulate a plan for managing the SUS’s electronic collection. Identifies issues which still need to be addressed.
Student use of a reserve collection: a survey
Authors: Banks Julie
Published: July 2002

Following the automation of the reserve system, Kent Library at Southeast Missouri State University decided to ascertain student use of the reserve collection via a survey. Reports the findings of that survey, which asked questions such as how students know items are on reserve, how they request items, whether the reserve printout is useful, and what action is taken if the material is already charged out. Raw data are presented, along with comments about answers to several of the questions, a discussion about three correlations, conclusions that can be drawn from the survey, and recommendations.
Interview with Joan Grant, Director of Collection Services, Bobst Library, New York University
Authors: Cassell Kay Ann
Published: July 2002

Joan Grant discusses the Bobst Library’s approach to collection development including the selection of print resources, CD‐ROMs and electronic resources. Of particular interest are the faculty liaison programme and the cooperative collection development activities, as well as the integration of electronic resources into their collection development activities.
On the road to a better travel collection: a guide through the maze of travel literature
Authors: Pracht Carl
Published: July 2002

Outlines briefly why travel books are so popular and states that libraries need to stock books from a number of series to meet the needs of their clientele. Provides brief descriptions of ten series, concentrating on those books aimed at travelers on low and moderate budgets. Lists also a number of books for travelers from groups with special needs or interests.
Collection assessment at the Ganser Library: a case study
Authors: Lotlikar Sarojini D.
Published: July 2002

Describes a political science collection assessment project accomplished at the Ganser Library of Millersville University, Millersville, Pennsylvania. The assessment approach was holistic. Traditional list checking was combined with online checking of the circulation records of core titles, thus presenting a profile of student behavior and circulation statistics of core titles published during 1920‐1988. Emphasizes the advantages of assessment using the online catalog and circulation module, although the circulation picture was disappointing. Claims libraries cannot afford to be just warehouses. Librarians have to work aggressively with faculty to get the core titles used by students with current journal literature, thus advocating the American Library Association’s information literacy goal to prepare students for the twenty‐first century.
Developing an electronic information resources collection development policy
Authors: White Gary W. , Crawford Gregory A.
Published: July 2002

Electronic resources are becoming increasingly important to libraries of all types and sizes. Addresses the development of an electronic information resources collection development policy to guide the librarians at Penn State Harrisburg in the selection of electronic reference resources. Instead of focusing on how well a given item fits into or supports the collection, the policy gives general guidance on the selection of electronic resources. The general collection development guidelines for electronic information resources include relevance and potential use of the information, redundancy of the information contained in the product, demand for the information, ease of use of the product, availability of the information to multiple users, stability of the coverage of the resource, longevity of the information, cost of the product, predictability of pricing, equipment needed to provide access to the information, technical support, and availability of the physical space needed to house and store the information or equipment.
Maori collections in New Zealand libraries
Authors: Szekely Chris , Weatherall Sally
Published: July 2002

Provides a brief historical background on why libraries are relevant to Maori. Discusses some of the factors and issues relating to developing Maori collections. Profiles a selection of libraries with Maori collections.
Outsourcing book selection in public and school libraries
Authors: Wallace Patricia D.
Published: July 2002

States that the recent phenomenon of “total outsourcing”, exemplified by the 1996 contract between the Hawaii State Public Library System and Baker & Taylor, must be seen as unprecedented and worthy of strict scrutiny by the library profession. Gives background on the move toward adding materials selection to the services provided to libraries by vendors. Makes a plea for library administrators to exercise caution and independent professional judgment in dealing with vendors. Argues that outsourcing is not a “quick fix” for financial cutbacks. Those entrusted with the leadership of tax‐funded libraries must ensure that methods of materials selection fulfill the public service mission and overall collection development strategy of their institutions. It is time to raise these questions: Is materials selection a “core function” of public libraries? Are librarians being trained to have expertise in this function? What are the implications of ceding this function to outside, for‐profit agencies?
The librarian as ethnographer: notes towards a strategy for the exploitation of cultural collections
Authors: Atton Chris
Published: July 2002

Argues that the hybrid nature of collection development (electronic and print) requires a corresponding hybridised system of collection exploitation. Proposes a model for the exploitation of hybrid cultural collections that draws on ethnographic principles. Provides an example of this model ‐ a “cultural map” ‐ that enables librarians, users and researchers to make sense of the complex interactions that take place between the various elements of such hybrid collections.
Chinese organized crime: a pathfinder
Authors: Lee Winnie
Published: July 2002

Provides some guidance on building a collection on Chinese organized crime ‐ first a definition of it and then details of some of the resources which could be included in a collection in the areas of: primary texts, general works, encyclopaedias and dictionaries, films, newspapers, periodicals and Web sites.
Citation analysis as an unobtrusive method for journal collection evaluation using psychology student research bibliographies
Authors: Sylvia Margaret J.
Published: July 2002

Bibliographic citation analysis of student research papers is one method of evaluating the use of a journal collection. Journal selection and cancellation may be done on the basis of use and cost‐effectiveness to maximize the usefulness of materials purchased with the library budget. An analysis of the bibliographic citations of research papers by undergraduate and graduate students in the psychology department of St Mary’s University was used as one basis for psychology journal selection and deselection in the academic library. Findings confirmed that the most cost‐effective and the most used materials were usually held by the library. Titles that met these criteria and were not held are good candidates for new subscriptions. Likewise, the least cost‐effective and least‐used titles are candidates for cancellation. Convergence of data from other sources should be used to confirm citation analysis findings due to the inherent limitations of the method.
Accessing sci‐tech literature: commercial document delivery services and online full‐text databases
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Aditi
Published: July 2002

Commercial document supply and full‐text online databases play significant roles in the shift from “ownership” to “access”. The escalating costs of science and technology journals, budgetary constraints, and availability of sci‐tech literature via non‐traditional sources, such as commercial document supply and full‐text online databases, are reshaping academic libraries’ sci‐tech collections, as well as the modes of accessing and delivering scientific information. Examines the value and the effectiveness of commercial document supply services and full‐text online databases in accessing sci‐tech information and discusses the impacts of budgetary limits and technology on academic libraries acquiring sci‐tech literature.
Creating homepages on the Web: an annotated bibliography of sources
Authors: Hom Mee‐Len
Published: July 2002

As Internet usage continues to grow, the desire of individuals to create Web sites has also increased. This has led to the publication of materials on the various uses of Web pages and how to develop them. This annotated bibliography is a sampling of items published concerning HTML and homepages. The audience ranges from educators to businessmen to individuals who want to create a homepage. Materials that were selected for inclusion are in both traditional paper formats and those available on the Web.
1999 Poets House Showcase: suggested titles
Authors: Coy Catherine , Ludwig Marni , Jueds Kasey
Published: July 2002

In the words of Stanley Kunitz, poetry is not a single nation but a teeming nation of nations. With more than 1,300 new poetry titles to choose from each year, how can librarians make the best acquisitions for their communities? The following resource materials from Poets House – a 35,000‐volume poetry library and literary center – offer a starting point. Highlights a wide variety of selections from Poets House’s annual exhibit of all the year’s new poetry books. The Directory of American Poetry Books provides complete bibliographic information and capsule reviews for more than 7,000 books published since 1991. These materials were originally distributed at the 1999 American Library Association Conference, where Poets House exhibited the entire 1999 Showcase and presented poetry readings and a panel discussion entitled “Making poetry come alive in community libraries”.
An imaging system with structured lighting for on‐line generic sensing of three‐dimensional objects
Authors: Jonathan Wu Q.M. , Ricky Lee Min‐Fan , de Silva Clarence W.
Published: July 2002

This paper focuses on the design of an inexpensive and accurate range scanner for automatic acquisition of a CAD model of a manufactured part by using two‐dimensional images to determine a digitized three‐dimensional shape. In the developed approach, the object is passed at a speed of 4 cm/s through a single linear laser stripe and forty continuous images are captured into the frame memory of the host computer for subsequent processing. A major problem that is encountered in the design of laser stripe scanner is the specula reflection, which can be mitigated by the developed approach. Six center‐locating algorithms are described, which are central to the developed approach. These algorithms are able to achieve sub‐pixel accuracy. The center of mass algorithm that uses three points, gives the best repeatability over the other algorithms. The center of mass algorithm that uses intensity threshold, provides the best linearity over the other algorithms.
Space and asparagus at photonics Boston 2001
Authors: Braggins Don
Published: July 2002

Reviews the two symposis making up the part of the 2001 Photonics Boston event – “Intelligent Systems and Advanced Manufacturing” and “Environmental and Industrial sensing”. The emphasis was on robots and on vision associated with mobile and/or autonomous robotic activity. Papers discussed include the FIDO Mars exploration robot. The symposium “Machine Vision and Three‐Dimensional Imaging Systems” is also discussed and included systems for inspecting asparagus, monochromatic Fresnel lens applications and fibre optic assembly.
International manager development – Cross‐cultural training in highly diverse environments
Authors: Harris Hilary , Kumra Savita
Published: July 2002

Examines the issues involved in providing relevant cross‐cultural training to MBA students, the epitome of the “new” international manager. In particular, it addresses the pedagogical challenges of moving students away from a reliance on “hard” skills to a facility with “soft” skills.
Evaluating graduate skills in SMEs: the value chain impact
Authors: McLarty Roy
Published: July 2002

Commences with an examination of SME research, traces how it has progressed over the past two decades and then focuses on the growing interest relating to the application of graduate skills. It primarily results from research carried out between 1996 and 1998, using a database of 206 graduates and 32 firms. The framework of knowledge associated with skills and competitiveness is explored, as is the issue of the categorisation of skills. Two categories are principally identified – personal and business – with listings introduced following a process of qualitative interviews with graduates and managers of SMEs. The lack of consensual paradigms in relation to skills is explored. It is argued that the resulting SME value chain is a valid alternative model with wider application among SME managers.
Changes in management culture and competencies: the German experience
Authors: Randlesome Collin
Published: July 2002

Initially examines the changing management culture in Germany. Second, it considers the management competencies required within the German organizational environment. Third, it reveals the main changes taking place in the competencies. Finally, it considers whether the changes in competencies are matching those in the culture.
Time in organizations
Authors: Goddard Robert
Published: July 2002

Current organizational theory looks at time on task, as opposed to time off task. However, there is a more complex pattern of time use. Organization time, based on these findings, is defined as whether one engages with organization, or disengages from organization, and engages with task, or disengages from task. This article explores the theoretical implications of these complex relationships, as the locus of an individual’s use of time moves along the axes of engagement/disengagement from organization and task. The author urges organizational theorists to explore and evaluate the importance of understanding time usage for a better understanding of phenomena such as organizational learning, creativity, and quality of work life. This model provides a framework for further investigation and theoretical understanding of time from the perspective of the individual as well as of the organization.
An empirical evaluation of emotional intelligence
Authors: Rozell Elizabeth J. , Pettijohn Charles E. , Stephen Parker R.
Published: July 2002

This study explored the measurement of emotional intelligence (EI) using a comprehensive scale to tap the construct. Using a sample of 295 undergraduate business majors from a mid‐western university, an exploratory factor analysis was performed to examine the factor structure of the scale. Based on the factor loadings, the scale was reduced to 51 items with five factors emerging. Student demographics revealed that accounting majors rated lower on EI as compared to other majors. Results also indicated that higher EI scores were associated with membership in Greek organizations, and involvement in sports organizations. It was also found that international students rated lower on the EI measure as compared to domestic students. Finally, several of the factors within the scale were shown to have a relationship to both cumulative GPA and university‐specific GPA. Implications for these findings as they relate to management development are discussed.
International Barriers to Progress
Authors: Jack Coale D.
Published: July 2002

Describes the practical problems that the director of human resources of
the North American subsidiary of a French group encountered related to
cultural misunderstandings and stereotyping. Specifically deals with the
difficulties he experienced when organizing internal training
programmes, harmonizing a human resources reporting system and
developing a set of “best practices” across cultural barriers.
Developing International Managers: A Partnership Approach
Authors: Chan T.S.
Published: July 2002

The idea of developing and preparing international managers to face the
intensifying global competition poses new challenges for trainers and
educators. Discusses an innovative approach of strategic alliance among
business, Government and university in providing hands‐on management
development programmes. Case examples highlight the effectiveness of
the approach in creating a win/win situation for all the participants.
Training and Development Activities and Career Success of Managerial and Professional Women
Authors: Burke Ronald J. , McKeen Carol A.
Published: July 2002

Examines managerial and professional women′s participation in a variety of education, training and development activities and the usefulness and impact of such activities. Managerial women rated developmental relationships (sponsors, mentors) most useful, though these activities were not commonly available to them. Participation in and perceived usefulness of these activities were related to work and career outcomes, controlling for relevant personal and organizational characteristics.
Leadership in a Global Village: Creating Practice Fields to Develop
Learning Organizations
Authors: Stumpf Stephen A. , Anne Watson Mary , Rustogi Hemant
Published: July 2002

For a practice field to be of greatest value in developing global
leadership capability, it needs to be constructed so as to combine
meaningful cultural and national issues with realistic interpersonal
dynamics. Examines how two practice fields designed to facilitate
systems thinking and organizational learning – Foodcorp International and
Globalcorp – accomplish this task. Both are behavioural simulations (not
computer simulations) and each creates a realistic context, a
microworld, for people to interact on business and global issues. Both
can be used to: (1) bring to the surface cultural assumptions in a
social‐business context where they can be observed, tracked and
discussed relative to various effectiveness criteria; (2) create a team
capable of performing with a shared vision and common mental models; and
(3) develop leaders who can create as well as accommodate microcultural
norms. Preliminary results using this practice field approach are
supportive of these objectives. A growing number of organizations (e.g.
Apple Computer, Citicorp, American Express, AT&T, Northern Telecom,
Glaxo) and educational institutions (e.g. University of Michigan,
Dartmouth College, Indiana University, New York University, the
University of Tampa) use such tools in their educational efforts. This
permits a rigorous examination of the utility of these tools in
management development. Describes the approach, provides two examples of
how microworld practice fields are used, and shares the results of the
research under way.
Conditions for Internal Entrepreneurship
Authors: Jansen P.G.W. , van Wees L.L.G.M.
Published: July 2002

Numerous organizations find themselves in a “turbulent field”. The greater
the complexity of their environment, the greater is their external
uncertainty. It is possible to cope with these uncertainties by
structuring the organization differently and bringing about a new way of
thinking. Royal PTT Nederland NV (KPN) is an organization which has
undergone a sweeping process of change. To be the best provider of
information transport, the company had to change its internal working
methods and adopt an “entrepreneurial” approach. Examines some theoretical
notions of entrepreneurs and managers. Looks at two cases at PTT Telecom
(one of KPN′s operating companies) in which the authors were involved.
One case relates to the fundamentals of a major reorganization programme
that got under way in late 1990 and will affect virtually all the
company′s employees. The other case gives a detailed understanding of
the introduction of a new company management style and the shared values
based on it. Uses all this to draw some conclusions and to provide a
platform for further discussions with regard to internal
entrepreneurship.
Translation. From generalizable to organization‐specific competence
frameworks
Authors: Stuart Roger , Thompson John E. , Harrison Jeanette
Published: July 2002

Forms a part of a larger project aimed at developing a framework of
managerial competence applicable to top teams in small – to
medium‐sized enterprises in Northern Ireland. Reports on an
investigation into the development of a process of
“translation”, whereby cross‐company competence frameworks
could be transformed into company‐specific frame‐works. A systematic,
ten‐step translation process emerged, involving drawing out reactions
to, and checking understanding of the generalizable frameworks,
modifying framework items through additions, deletions, aggregation,
disaggregation, and changes to the small print; identifying priorities;
drawing out examples from practice; distinguishing actual from ideal;
introducing a time dimension; challenging underlying reasoning and
implications; and finally, checking the fit of the adapted frameworks.
The developed translation process maintained the integrity of the
generalizable frameworks while enabling full account to be taken of
specific company differences. The process also served as a means of
identifying individual team, and organization development issues, and
laid the ground for the introduction of competence‐based management
development initiatives.
A survey of management training and development practices in the
State of Kuwait
Authors: Abdalla Ikhlas A. , Al‐Homoud Moudi
Published: July 2002

Conducts a survey of management training and development practices
in large Kuwaiti organizations. Covers areas such as needs assessment,
programmes and participants′ selection, programme evaluation and future
trends. Indicates that systematic needs assessements and programme
evaluation are sorely lacking in these organizations. Practices related
to programme and participants′ selection and training content areas are,
generally, consistent with previous findings in the West. Contrary to
the situation in the West, the private and joint sectors are less active
in management development areas than the government sector. Executive
educational programmes, an approach that is most successful in the West,
are rarely used. Discusses results and implications of the study in the
context of the Arabian Gulf region social and economic environments.
Evaluating the effectiveness of an outdoor workshop for team
building in an MBA programme
Authors: Mazany P. , Francis S. , Sumich P.
Published: July 2002

Teamwork is considered a fundamental element of organizational
success in the 1990s. Presents a method of evaluating the effectiveness
of an outdoor workshop as a tool to speed the development of study
groups (called learning teams) in an MBA programme. Two three‐day
residential outdoor workshops are evaluated that were conducted with two
different MBA classes over consecutive years. The results presented
indicate that such workshops can accelerate the development of teams. In
addition, the evaluation methodology used is suggested as a significant
contribution to the currently poor standard of measurement applied to
such activities.
An academic model of excellence for international business
education
Authors: Bailey Elaine K.
Published: July 2002

Describes international management development programmes at the
University of Hawaii. The programmes prepare business people for
economic development in the Asia Pacific region and the international
marketplace. A unique feature is the strong interaction of participants
with multinational and multi‐cultural students.
Evaluation of training in local government
Authors: Dawson R.P.
Published: July 2002

Reports on a study of the evaluation strategies of trainers in
London local government made in 1989‐91. The study was unusual in
focusing on trainers as policy implementers in a context of
organizational learning and bureaucratic behaviour. Trainers′ evaluation
practice, their views on evaluation, their reasons for evaluating and
their perceptions of the problems and advantages were elicited through
survey and interview. The analysis of strategies of evaluation formed
the basis for the construction of a typology of trainers. Most trainers
undertook only minimal evaluation. The types were: uneasy ritualists,
incrementalists, pilot strategists and innovators; but the most
significant category of policy achiever was missing. Examines the
implications of this typology for trainers, managers and staff, and for
the implementation of policy. Finally, advocates the crucial attributes
of the policy achiever model.
Organizational commitment and hospital pharmacists
Authors: Savery Lawson K. , Syme Paul D.
Published: July 2002

Examines the level of organizational commitment of hospital‐based pharmacists in Perth, Western Australia, and the relationship between commitment and some variables which research in other areas has suggested might be its antecedents. Argues that there are such relationships in this case as well, and that they are in the expected direction. Suggests that programmes undertaken to increase job satisfaction should have a significant impact on pharmacists’ commitment to the depart‐ment. If such programmes are successful they should result in a more highly committed workforce. Interestingly, the findings indicate that it is increased satisfaction with quality of working life and extrinsic factors (e.g. evaluation systems), rather than satisfaction with pay or job security, which has the biggest impact on commitment, and that low committed people tend to have higher stress levels than more highly committed people. Concludes, therefore, that any effort to improve organizational commitment will be beneficial in lowering stress levels in the job concerning areas such as staffing, and the perceived pressure of the job.
Values and the Saudi manager: an empirical investigation
Authors: Marshall Hunt David , At‐Twaijri Mohammad I.
Published: July 2002

Contends that managers from Saudi Arabia and other Middle East nations, as well as from other areas of the world, are becoming more conscious of the critical role that managerial values can play in today’s ever widening and increasingly competitive marketplace. Alignment of personal and organizational values has become a focal issue for many management theories and studies in recognition of the importance of value congruence. An organization’s productivity, success and/or failure can hinge on the degree to which the different levels and functions of its management share values. Reports on the results of a survey aimed at determining whether Saudi managers share common values, using several demographic variables to help clarify findings. Makes use of research on North American managers which is adjusted the better to fit the Muslim‐based culture of Saudi Arabia. A total of 144 Saudi managers of differing levels and functions participated in this survey. Finds overall that Saudi managers of all levels and functions generally shared the same values ‐ with one exception: marital status.
A link programme for business support and management development
Authors: Wightman Stephen , Kelly George
Published: July 2002

Outlines a management development programme which contributes to the development of small to medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) by way of a detailed linking process, whereby the experience and skills of an unemployed manager are carefully matched with the business needs of a company. Describes how the programme has been running since 1983, evolving from that time, to take cognizance of: major changes in the profiles of unemployed managers; changes in the industrial structure of Northern Ireland; and paradigmatic shifts within the field of management development. Concludes, from evaluation, that both groups have benefited significantly from the programme, noting that it has aided many SMEs to overcome some of the major obstacles to growth, efficiency and competitiveness, while concurrently raising the confidence level of the unemployed manager, developing his/her competences and increasing future employment prospects. Considers that the programme model will prove beneficial to other training providers and support agencies that are considering link programmes as part of their management development provision.
Development of female managers and the sôgôshoku in Japan
Authors: Nakamura Megumi
Published: July 2002

Identifies the structural problems in the employment system which still lie behind the realization of the aim of the equal employment opportunity legislation (EEOL) which came into force in 1986. Points out that the dual track system, which was introduced by large companies ostensibly to ensure that there is a route for female university graduates to progress in the management career track, is in fact nothing more than a cleverly disguised but flawed device that allows continuation of the discriminatory system against women. By looking at the backgrounds and status of the existing female managers whose rise owes less to EEOL than to their efforts, suggests conditions which are required for the future development of female managers in Japan.
Management development in Toray ‐ now and in the future
Authors: Ishizaka Susumu
Published: July 2002

In this example of in‐company development provision, Toray, the largest textile multinational in the world today, shows that it considers management development as a major strategic issue. While human resource development for Toray itself is managed on a traditional corporation‐wide system with both level‐ and function‐based programmes, its group‐wide management development programme, run in its own business school, trains managers for executive roles in the group companies, in pursuance of its overall objective, the AP‐G2000.
Changing expectations of career development
Authors: McDougall Marilyn , Vaughan Elizabeth
Published: July 2002

Explores the effects of organizational transformation on career development. Through a case study of a large blue chip company in the brewing industry, illustrates that organizational and managers’ expectations of promotion, responsibility for career development and the role of the line manager in career guidance can be substantially mismatched at the current time. Highlights that this can be seriously disadvantageous to individual motivation and organizational effectiveness. Suggests that the principles of social marketing could inform initiatives to change attitudes to careers and to encourage the valuing of lateral career moves. Considers the implications of this for management developers and career management specialists within organizations and suggests a role for government agencies such as the TEC/LEC network in the UK. Concludes that a range of initiatives should be considered to address this important issue.
The learning organization
Authors: Carr Adrian
Published: July 2002

Raises the issue of metaphorical thinking in organization theory and management development and in doing so warns of the dangers of framing our thinking through metaphor. Raises the notion of the learning organization in such a context and discusses some challenges and implications for management development. Introduces the other papers in the issue.
Business integration in a learning organization: the role of management development
Authors: Overmeer Willem
Published: July 2002

Explores difficulties involved in business integration by providing data from an in‐depth scholarly consulting project. Focuses on the barriers that exist and emerge in the form of defensive actions and routines that tend to undermine existing core competencies as well as the formation of new core competencies. These individual and organizational barriers tend to inhibit the very kind of organizational learning critical for sustainable competitive advantage, i.e. the ability of an organization to double‐loop learn, and to reframe and reshape its competence in an evolving business environment. Argues that a kind of management development in action is required to help managers address the defensive routines in the organization or articulate and disseminate workable solutions they find in the midst of practice. This kind of management development helps practitioners to interpenetrate each others’ theories of practice and goes beyond the traditional stance of many organization and management developers to focus on “process”. Management development in action requires an integration of “process” and “content” and reframes the debate between these two positions by proposing an inquiring and designing stance towards causal reasoning in action.
The NVQ in Management and HE experience
Authors: Quayle Michael
Published: July 2002

Explores NVQs in Management in terms of their take up and progression into academic postgraduate (Master’s) programmes. Traces the concepts development through an initial preparation for a potential influx of mature students to attain NVQ 4 and/or 5 in Management and to provide progression opportunities into postgraduate management programmes. Reveals that, despite vigorous marketing, the influx did not occur; hence the initial market research is revisited. Examines the perceived demand locally and regionally and establishes reasons why the expected influx did not materialize. Concludes with some lessons to be learned and recommends action to be taken.
Building a winning organization: the mind‐body diagnostic framework
Authors: Sathe Vijay , Smart Geoffrey H.
Published: July 2002

To win in today’s highly competitive business races, leaders must first come to grips with the starting position and desired condition of their organization. Describes how the mind‐body framework is a practical tool for energizing such a diagnosis. Explains that a strong “mind” is characterized by a high level of collective ambition, requiring a clear sense of purpose and a high level of motivation in the organization. A strong “body” provides the anatomy and physiology needed to enable the organization to achieve what the mind wills. Argues that, to build winning organizations, leaders must continuously improve both the mind and the body of their organizations.
The interdisciplinary needs of organizations
Authors: Barker Randolph T. , Gilbreath Glenn H. , Stone Warren S.
Published: July 2002

This paper discusses the need for and possible resistance to interdiscplinary education and development in the US business schools today. In‐depth structured interviews were conducted with executives from 12 companies located in the Mid‐Atlantic states of the USA, each of which is included in the Fortune 1000 listing. Interview questions sought input on the appropriateness of recent new hires’ knowledge and skill level to meet organizational demands. Content analysis of interview responses produced five major content themes. These themes indicate that newly hired employees need to possess greater: communication skills in speaking, writing and interpersonal relations; team‐oriented skills; cross‐functional/ interdisciplinary perspective; change receptivity; and intercultural awareness. One approach for meeting these organizational needs and increased interdisciplinary interaction among the faculty is presented.
A cinematograph of moral principles: critical values for contemporary business and society
Authors: Small Michael W. , Dickie Laurence
Published: July 2002

This paper presents snapshots of moral principles which can inform current thinking on values that will positively affect business in contemporary society. It is aimed primarily at the management practitioner who may not have the time, or the interest, to pursue this area in the current literature. Values (moral, ethical and social) are mentioned, but the main focus of the paper is on values which drive the Western World; e.g. the free enterprise system with its ideas of fairness, competition, honesty, trust, integrity and justice. Instances of unfair, unethical, unscrupulous and presumably illegal behaviour are regularly reported in the press, and the current scandals regarding members of the Olympic Games Federation are examples. This paper is a synopsis of some current thinking about key values in contemporary business and society; values which seem to have been conveniently forgotten, at best, or deliberately flouted, at worst.
Making sense of the party wall legislation: still no easy task
Authors: Chynoweth Paul
Published: July 2002

Notes the ambiguities within the party wall legislation. Describes the “proceduralist” and “rightist” approaches to interpretation of the statute. Provides examples of each approach. Traces the development of the current judicial approach to interpretation and describes surveyors’ responses to this. Cites the recent case of Frances Holland School v. Wassef [2001] as demonstrating the consistency of the judicial approach. Discusses issues, raised by the case, relating to ex parte awards and the statutory definition of “owner”. Concludes that surveyors should follow a rightist approach to the legislation, whilst also understanding the limits of the rightist doctrine.
Condition inspections of residential property: a procedural framework
Authors: Hoxley Mike
Published: July 2002

Presents a procedural framework for the inspection of domestic property. A mechanistic task, such as sketching the site plan and roof plan, is advocated in order to achieve focus, familiarity and freedom to undertake the inspection alone. An inspection of the exterior followed by the interior is recommended and a “top‐down” procedure is suggested. The type of information to record and how to record it are both discussed and reference is made to the existing and forthcoming benchmark standards of SAVA.
Rain Penetration Problems Associated with Retro‐fitted Cavity Insulation
Authors: Davies Hilary , Wilmshurst Graham
Published: July 2002

Surveyors, who may be involved in specifying retro‐fitted cavity
insulation, need to know the key factors which influence the potential
risk of rain penetration. Proposes guidance for surveyors to undertake a
low‐cost initial visual survey and desk study as a first stage in the
assessment of a dwelling′s suitability for retro‐fitted cavity
insulation. A case‐study of low‐rise housing on a local authority estate
on the south coast of England, which has retro‐fitted cavity insulation,
allowed the identification of these key factors and testing of their
statistical significance. Factors identified are aspect towards
prevailing wind and driving rain index; exposure (related to local
topographic and sheltering features); wall impermeability; and any
factors of particular significance to the site. If an individual
dwelling has a combination of these factors, it is likely to have a 60
per cent increased risk of rain penetration.
BSRIA – A Thumbnail Sketch
Authors: Eastwell Andrew
Published: July 2002

Outlines the structure and working arrangements of the Building Services
Research and Information Association (BSRIA) and gives examples of
projects using its £1.2 million research programme. Emphasizes the wide
spectrum of construction industry membership and how this can greatly
enhance the value of research for the industry.
Our Architectural Ceramic Heritage
Authors: Swallow P.G.
Published: July 2002

Traces the history of the use of ceramics in the decoration of
buildings. Provides definitions of the various types of ceramic used in
buildings construction; and their derivation. Follows the use of
terracotta and other glazed architectural ceramics in Britain, from
Roman times to the present; from the height of usage in buildings in the
nineteenth century through to decline in the early twentieth century as
tastes changed and in reaction to former highly decorated styles. Now
only two manufacturers survive in the UK which produce a full range of
terracotta products.
An analysis of structural defects occurring in residential buildings in the East Midlands region
Authors: Page Chris , Murray Peter
Published: July 2002

Presents the results of a survey of 501 traditionally‐built residential properties in the East Midlands which identified and analysed the causal mechanisms of 844 specific structural defects to establish why each mechanism was allowed to develop. Reveals that only 16.9 per cent of the structural defects analysed were unavoidable, the remainder being attributed to ignorance, negligence and false economy on the part of designers, builders and owners. Reports that, although recent legislation has reduced the likelihood of some defects occurring as often in the future, there are still many bad practices which need to be eliminated. Confirms the importance of implementing a sensible programme of preventive maintenance for each building.
Consolidation and repair of standing ruins: medieval churches in Norfolk ‐ part I
Authors: Watt David S.
Published: July 2002

Points out that ruins have long held a fascination for those concerned with images of picturesque charm or sublime horror. Recent attitudes have broadened in an appreciation of the potential that standing ruins and their sites have for students of architecture, archaeology and landscape history, while many are now examining the roles that these remains might also have for the flora and fauna of a particular location. Examines the work that is being undertaken to consolidate and repair a number of ruined churches within the county of Norfolk. Illustrates how such work can broaden the base from which other projects may be undertaken.
ISO 9000 quality assurance in Singapore’s construction industry: an update
Authors: Sui Pheng Low , Yeo Henson K.C.
Published: July 2002

Five years have elapsed since the introduction of ISO 9000 Quality Assurance in Singapore’s construction industry in 1992. By the end of 1996, more than 80 construction‐related organizations had secured ISO 9000 certification. In 1995 the Singapore government announced that the larger construction and consultancy firms must secure ISO 9000 certification before 1999 if they are to bid for public sector construction projects. Proposes to determine whether or not local contractors believe that ISO 9000 would reduce the costs of doing business and raise the quality of construction works; and if local construction firms have any quality cost systems in place for the purpose of establishing the relationship between quality assurance and cost savings. Presents the findings of a survey as answers to these questions.