bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aspects Regarding The Anthropic Influence On The “Movila Lui Burcel” Protected Area (Vaslui County)
Authors: Irina Irimia , Valentina Ambrono , Anişoara Stratu
Published: November 2015

This paper underlines some aspects regarding the anthropic influence on the “Movila lui Burcel” protected area. There were done some periodical displacement and observations in the field (2012-2014); there were identified anthropic factors with negative influence on the protected area; there were described the effects of the action of these factors. The anthropic factors with negative influence identified on the territory of the protected area are: the existence of the plantations of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) and Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia); unreasonable grazing; presence of wastes and some fire hearths. The effects of the anthropic factors identified are represented by: modifications of the habitat with serious consequences on the existence and perpetuation of rare and vulnerable species included on the red lists; degrading of landscape.
Monitoring Of Pollutants In Museum Environment
Authors: Ana-Maria Budu , Ion Sandu
Published: November 2015

Art works are affected by environmental factors as light, temperature, humidity. Air pollutants are also implicated in their degradation. The pollution in museums has two sources: the air from outside, which brings usually dust and inorganic particles, and the inside sources – the materials used for casings (sealants, textiles placed on the display cases, varnishes, wood) that emanate organic compounds. The dust is composed of particles with a diameter of approximately 2µm or higher, which come from soil (silica) or animal and vegetal residues (skin cells, pollen). They facilitate water condensation on objects surface and biologic attack. The inorganic compounds are a result of materials combustion (SO2, NO2, NO) and in presence of water they form acidic compounds which affect the museum objects. The organic compounds are usually peroxides, acids, phthalates, formaldehyde. The effects of these pollutants are: soiling, surface discolouration, embrittlement, corrosion. Therefore, conservators are interested in monitoring the pollution degree in the display cases or in the museum air and in analyzing the effects of pollutants on the exhibited objects. They use different methods for pollutants identification, like direct reading devices based on colorimetry, that can be read after few minutes and hours (they interact with the pollutants in atmosphere), or indirect reading samples that require a laboratory. The information gathered is used for the identification of pollution source and to analyze the concentration of pollutants needed to provoke damages on the surfaces of art objects. This paper is a review of pollutants that affect the art objects and of the monitoring systems used for their identification and measuring.
The Influence Of The Hydraulic Exchange Relations In The Evolution Of Ice Jam Phenomena On Bistriţa River In The Area Between Dorna Arini (Suceava County) And Borca (Neamţ County)
Authors: Claudiu Gaman
Published: November 2015

The presence on Bistriţa River, in identical climatic conditions, of sectors with well-developed ice formations in the immediate vicinity of river sectors lacking or with weakly developed such formations demonstrates the existence of other factors beside the meteorological and hydrological ones that may influence the evolution of freezing processes and implicitly of ice jams. A special role is held by the hydraulic exchange relations established between the river and the aquifers (Ciaglic, 1965; Ciaglic and Vornicu, 1973), the mentioned phenomena having a characteristic evolution, sometimes manifested through the total lack of ice due to underground input (Gaman, 2014). River alimentation from underground waters takes place in two situations: a) nearby well-developed alluvial fans close to floodplain or terraces; b) in areas where the river suddenly changes direction from flowing along one of the banks to an almost perpendicular position towards the valley, or where it meanders in the floodplain. The sectors of the river with areas of free water are those generating ice crystals and river-bottom ice and finally frazil slush. In the areas where the river loses water through infiltration in the floodplain, ice formations are much stronger according to the volume of water losses, and total freezing can be recorded. Field observations and measurements conducted in the winters of 2011-2012, 2012-2013, regarding the evolution of freeze phenomena, respectively ice jam formation, on Bistriţa River confirm the mentioned theory.
Social-Geographic Analysis And Assessment Of Population’s Quality Of Living (The Case Of Chernivtsi Region)
Authors: Myroslava Lapushniak , Veronika Hrytsku , Iuliia Hrytsku-Andriesh , Olha Danilova
Published: November 2015

Thus, the Chernivtsi Region takes the third place in Ukraine with respect to quality of living. Traditionally high ratings are shown within the frame of social components (reproduction of population, social standing, and decent work). In the last years, situation has improved with regard to population’s comfort of life and level of education, though the ratings of education are the worst in Ukraine. Such components as material state (well-being) still stays to be problematic.
Survival – Selected Determinants Of Participation
Authors: Płoskonka Przemysław
Published: November 2015

Introduction
. A growing interest in survival as a tourist and recreational activity raises the need for empirical research into this issue. Unfortunately, a vast majority of authors focus on the technical aspects of survival, ignoring the determinants of this activity. The few existing studies are mostly based on observation and involve small samples. This paper will help complement the body of knowledge concerning this issue.

Material and methods
. Following a pilot study, the study proper was conducted between 2011 and 2013 using a questionnaire prepared by the author. The analysis was based on the opinions of 594 respondents. The research was conducted during randomly selected survival events, among randomly selected members of survival societies and organisations, and among users of websites dedicated to survival.

Results
. The respondents usually organised survival activities individually or in a group of friends, forests being the preferred location. The respondents undertook survival activity either sporadically (once every 4-6 months) or sometimes (once every 2-3 months), with individual periods of activity usually lasting 2-3 days. The most popular form of this activity was one-day-long or several-day-long trips with overnight stays, and the activities the respondents performed the most frequently were constructing makeshift shelters, lighting and building campfires, and topography.

Conclusions
. Survival activity was strongly determined by the accessibility of the natural environment. The persons engaged in survival showed high independence in carrying out their tasks. The survival activities were undertaken in short periods and sporadically, weekend trips (sometimes with an overnight stay) being the most popular form of activity. Basic issues related to survival were the dominant activities performed by the respondents.
Impact of comorbidity on the outcome in men with advanced prostate cancer treated with docetaxel
Authors: Zist Andrej , Amir Eitan , Ocana Alberto F. , Seruga Bostjan
Published: November 2015

Background. Men with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) may not receive docetaxel in everyday clinical practice due to comorbidities. Here we explore the impact of comorbidity on outcome in men with mCRPC treated with docetaxel in a population-based outcome study.

Methods. Men with mCRPC treated with docetaxel at the Institute of Oncology Ljubljana between 2005 and 2012 were eligible. Comorbidity was assessed by the age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index (aa-CCI) and adult comorbidity evaluation (ACE-27) index. Hospital admissions due to the toxicity and deaths during treatment with docetaxel were used as a measure of tolerability. Association between comorbidity and overall survival (OS) was tested using the Cox proportional hazards analysis.

Results. Two hundred and eight men were treated with docetaxel. No, mild, moderate and severe comorbidity was present in 2%, 32%, 53% and 13% using aa-CCI and in 27%, 35%, 29% and 8% when assessed by ACE-27. A substantial dose reduction of docetaxel occurred more often in men with moderate or severe comorbidity as compared to those with no or mild comorbidity. At all comorbidity levels about one-third of men required hospitalization or died during treatment with docetaxel. In univariate analysis a higher level of comorbidity was not associated with worse OS (aa-CCI HR 0.99; [95% CI 0.87–1.13], p = 0.93; ACE-27: HR 0.96; [95% CI 0.79–1.17], p = 0.69).

Conclusions. Men with mCRPC, who have comorbidities may benefit from treatment with docetaxel.
General Semiotics (GS) as the all-round interdisciplinary organizer: GS versus philosophical fundamentalism
Authors: Li Youzheng
Published: November 2015

This paper presents a crucial problem about the identity and function of general semiotics. The latter is not only defined in terms of interdisciplinary-directed theoretical practice in comparison to the philosophic-fundamental-directed one, but also further redefined as an operative-functional organizer that does not necessarily imply any fixed theoretical doctrines. General semiotics (GS) is described as a functional strategy for organizing all-round interdisciplinary-directed theoretical construction. In addition, the paper emphasizes that the interdisciplinary essence of semiotic theory is contrary to any philosophical fundamentalism and applied semiotics does not need any philosophical foundation either.
Definite article use with generic reference in German: an empirical study
Authors: Barton Dagmar , Kolb Nadine , Kupisch Tanja
Published: November 2015

This study is concerned with the distribution of the definite article in German with plural nominals that have a generic reading
. In Standard German, genericity is typically expressed by bare nouns (Tiger sind gefährlich ‘Tigers are
dangerous’). Many researchers have claimed that there is variation in article use in the expression of generic reference in
German (e.g., Brugger 1993; Longobardi 1994; Krifka et al. 1995; Chierchia 1998; Dayal 2004; Oosterhof 2008), but very little
empirical evidence has been provided to support this claim. Besides filling this research gap, we investigate which factors
influence the use of articles in plural subjects with generic reference. In doing so, we include linguistic factors (kind-level vs.
individual-level predicates) as well as sociolinguistic factors (age and regional background). Results show that with generic
plural subjects definite articles are optional but bare subjects are preferred; definite subjects are accepted more often with
kind-level predicates than with individual-level predicates.
A pedra e o sofrimento: representações e historicizações do Holocausto.
Authors: Debary Octave
Published: November 2015

Esse artigo interroga a noção de museu e a relação entre História e memória a partir do dificil trabalho de historicizar os objetos nos museus. Este texto é uma tentativa de estudar os memoriais e processo de memória de um ponto de vista antropológico. Os debates que envolvem a representação do holocausto, assim como o trabalho do artista contemporâneo Jochen Gerz, servem de fio condutor a essa reflexão. Procuro compreender, portanto, em que medida o dever de memória não é uma estratégia de esquecimento.Os memoriais e museus expõem e celebram também o que uma sociedade deve esquecer para existir.
Lugares de memória, memórias concorrentes e leis memoriais.
Authors: Gonçalves Janice
Published: November 2015

Dividido em três partes, o artigo propõe uma reflexão acerca dos sentidos da noção de “lugares de memória” e seus desdobramentos na cultura da memória contemporânea. Na primeira parte, adota-se uma abordagem que busca ir além das chaves de interpretação dadas pelo senso comum,parapensar os “lugares”mais propriamente como vetores e ativadores de memória. Na segunda parte, é brevemente analisada a trajetória da noção de “lugares de memória” nos escritos de Pierre Nora. Finalmente, na terceira parte do artigo, a discussão é articulada às questões postas, na atualidade, pelo que vem sendo caracterizado como “guerras de memórias” ou “concorrência memorial”, tendo em vista, sobretudo, a afirmação de determinadas memórias por meio de leis específicas (que ficaram conhecidascomo “leis memoriais”).
O Movimento Peronista como "lugar de memória” da América Latina: um olhar da história e da literatura
Authors: Dos Santos Raquel Paz , Baseio Maria Auxiliadora Fontana
Published: November 2015

O presente estudo analisa a problemática dos lugares de memória na construção do imaginário social do peronismo entre 1946-1955, destacando a criação de mitos e “mártires” em torno de Perón e Evita, símbolos e comemorações cívicas que recriaram simbolicamente a nação, alimentando o projeto da “Nova Argentina”. Demonstra-se, ainda, que, pelo estabelecimento de políticas sociais para os trabalhadores, associado a uma intensa propaganda ideológica produzida pelo controle da imprensa e da repressão e desmoralização dos grupos opositores, legitimou-se o poder instituído. Essa construção simbólica que compôs o imaginário social da época, constituindo-se como um discurso dominante, foi profundamente criticada pela intelectualidade argentina, sobretudo por alguns escritores, que encontraram na literatura um meio de expressão de suas representações contrárias ao regime – um contradiscurso -, buscando, assim, estratégias de romper com o silenciamento e promover o embate simbólico entre as diferentes visões, como se analisa no conto “A casa tomada”, de Cortázar.
Lugares de memória: trabalho, cotidiano e moradia
Authors: Do Nascimento Flavia Brito , Scifoni Simone
Published: November 2015

O presente artigo pretende problematizar a noção de lugares de memória, a partir de uma reflexão sobre a realidade brasileira. Propõe-se superar a concepção original fundamentada na busca do nacional como fundador da tradição de memória coletiva, pensando os lugares de memória como aqueles nos quais foi possível compartilhar, no tempo, experiências sociais e cotidianas fundadas no trabalho. Neste sentido, o objetivo do trabalho é apresentar e refletir sobre a condição de proteção e valorização de determinados lugares de memória, abordando os casos da moradia operária e da luta sindical.
Os periódicos literários: registro, acervo e memória
Authors: Gomes Carla Renata
Published: November 2015

O artigo a seguir apresenta reflexões sobre a constituição de um duplo acervo documental, o primeiro relativo aos documentos publicados nos periódicos, de coleções públicas ou particulares, e o segundo referente à produção periodística dedicada ao cultivo da memória e da história da Província. Discute sobre o duplo estatuto da memória arquivada nesses periódicos, da memória das práticas letradas, da formação de associações literárias, do exercício do debate e da crítica, da troca de experiências, do estímulo à leitura e à troca de ideias, da interdição aos eventos em torno da guerra civil e alguns de seus personagens. O acervo produzido pelos periódicos permite acompanhar o esforço empreendido para a realização de narrativas sobre a Revolução e a superação dos obstáculos para empreendê-las.
Monumentos funerarios para angelitos en el Cementerio General del Sur. Una visión memorial sobre la muerte
Authors: Gonzalez Jenny
Published: November 2015

El presente artículo tiene por finalidad analizar la forma de ver la muerte y, por ende la vida, de la sociedad caraqueña, por medio de un acercamiento interpretativo a tumbas de infantes localizados en el Cementerio General del Sur (Venezuela), y cómo estos “lugares de memoria” son soportes de esa parte de la historia. En este sentido, se habla de “angelitos”, forma coloquial de llamar a los pequeños fallecidos, quienes son enterrados en urna blanca, y cuya tumba es construida con atuendos de distintos materiales, adornada o diseñada con figuras de ángeles, juguetes y demás. La investigación, aún en proceso toma, como punto inicial cinco tumbas, que permitirán establecer un desarrollo hermenéutico que abarca tanto lo material como lo inmaterial, es decir, lo simbólico, la memoria familiar o colectiva. La metodología cualitativa es documental, método hermenéutico, por interpretación de fenómenos socioculturales.
UMA ESCOLA EM SUA MATERIALIDADE: RECORDAÇÕES VISUAIS DA TRAJETÓRIA DA OBRA EDUCATIVA DOS IRMÃOS LASSALISTAS EM CANOAS, RS (1908-1960)
Authors: Graebin Cleusa Maria Gomes
Published: November 2015

O texto trabalha a partir das recordações visuais (fotografias) de edificações do Colégio La Salle Canoas (antigo Instituto São José) ao longo dos anos de 1908 a 1960. Narra parte da evolução arquitetônica da obra lassalista no município de Canoas/RS. Neste sentido, damos destaque aos registros feito pelos Irmãos Lassalistas por meio de documentos imagéticos capazes de informar, não apenas sobre a educação, mas sobre as próprias circunstâncias em que se produziram tais registros.
Steinach and Young, Discoverers of the Effects of Estrogen on Male Sexual Behavior and the “Male Brain”
Authors: Södersten Per
Published: November 2015

In the 1930s, Eugen Steinach’s group found that estradiol induces lordosis in castrated rats and reduces the threshold dose of testosterone that is necessary for the induction of ejaculation, and that estradiol-treated intact rats display lordosis as well as mounting and ejaculation. The bisexual, estrogen-sensitive male had been demonstrated. Another major, albeit contrasting, discovery was made in the 1950s, when William Young’s group reported that male guinea pigs and prenatally testosterone-treated female guinea pigs are relatively insensitive to estrogen when tested for lordosis as adults. Reduced estrogen sensitivity was part of the new concept of organization of the neural tissues mediating the sexual behavior of females into tissues similar to those of males. The importance of neural organization by early androgen stimulation was realized immediately and led to the discovery of a variety of sex differences in the brains of adult animals. By contrast, the importance of the metabolism of testosterone into estrogen in the male was recognized only after a delay. While the finding that males are sensitive to estrogen was based on Bernhard Zondek’s discovery in 1934 that testosterone is metabolized into estrogen in males, the finding that males are insensitive to estrogen was based on the hypothesis that testosterone–male sexual behavior is the typical relationship in the male. It is suggested that this difference in theoretical framework explains the discrepancies in some of the reported results.
Interactions between uncoupling protein 2 gene polymorphisms, obesity and alcohol intake on liver function: a large meta-analysed population-based study
Authors: Vimaleswaran Karani S , Cavadino Alana , Verweij Niek , Nolte Ilja M , Leach Irene Mateo , _ _ , Auvinen Juha , Veijola Juha , Elliott Paul , Penninx Brenda W , Snieder Harold , Järvelin Marjo-Riitta , van der Harst Pim , Cohen Robert D , Boucher Barbara J , Hyppönen Elina
Published: November 2015

Background and objective

Given the role of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) in the accumulation of fat in the hepatocytes and in the enhancement of protective mechanisms in acute ethanol intake, we hypothesised thatUCP2polymorphisms are likely to cause liver disease through their interactions with obesity and alcohol intake. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the interaction between tagging polymorphisms in theUCP2gene (rs2306819, rs599277 and rs659366), alcohol intake and obesity traits such as BMI and waist circumference (WC) on alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) in a large meta-analysis of data sets from three populations (n=20 242).

Design and methods

The study populations included the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (n=4996), Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (n=1883) and LifeLines Cohort Study (n=13 363). Interactions between the polymorphisms and obesity and alcohol intake on dichotomised ALT and GGT levels were assessed using logistic regression and the likelihood ratio test.

Results

In the meta-analysis of the three cohorts, none of the threeUCP2polymorphisms were associated with GGT or ALT levels. There was no evidence for interaction between the polymorphisms and alcohol intake on GGT and ALT levels. In contrast, the association of WC and BMI with GGT levels varied by rs659366 genotype (Pinteraction=0.03 and 0.007, respectively; adjusted for age, gender, high alcohol intake, diabetes, hypertension and serum lipid concentrations).

Conclusion

In conclusion, our findings in 20 242 individuals suggest thatUCP2gene polymorphisms may cause liver dysfunction through the interaction with body fat rather than alcohol intake.
Hypothalamic leptin gene therapy reduces body weight without accelerating age-related bone loss
Authors: Turner Russell T , Dube Michael , Branscum Adam J , Wong Carmen P , Olson Dawn A , Zhong Xiaoying , Kweh Mercedes F , Larkin Iske V , Wronski Thomas J , Rosen Clifford J , Kalra Satya P , Iwaniec Urszula T
Published: November 2015

Excessive weight gain in adults is associated with a variety of negative health outcomes. Unfortunately, dieting, exercise, and pharmacological interventions have had limited long-term success in weight control and can result in detrimental side effects, including accelerating age-related cancellous bone loss. We investigated the efficacy of using hypothalamic leptin gene therapy as an alternative method for reducing weight in skeletally-mature (9 months old) female rats and determined the impact of leptin-induced weight loss on bone mass, density, and microarchitecture, and serum biomarkers of bone turnover (CTx and osteocalcin). Rats were implanted with cannulae in the 3rd ventricle of the hypothalamus and injected with either recombinant adeno-associated virus encoding the gene for rat leptin (rAAV-Leptin,n=7) or a control vector encoding green fluorescent protein (rAAV-GFP,n=10) and sacrificed 18 weeks later. A baseline control group (n=7) was sacrificed at vector administration. rAAV-Leptin-treated rats lost weight (−4±2%) while rAAV-GFP-treated rats gained weight (14±2%) during the study. At study termination, rAAV-Leptin-treated rats weighed 17% less than rAAV-GFP-treated rats and had lower abdominal white adipose tissue weight (−80%), serum leptin (−77%), and serum IGF1 (−34%). Cancellous bone volume fraction in distal femur metaphysis and epiphysis, and in lumbar vertebra tended to be lower (P<0.1) in rAAV-GFP-treated rats (13.5 months old) compared to baseline control rats (9 months old). Significant differences in cancellous bone or biomarkers of bone turnover were not detected between rAAV-Leptin and rAAV-GFP rats. In summary, rAAV-Leptin-treated rats maintained a lower body weight compared to baseline and rAAV-GFP-treated rats with minimal effects on bone mass, density, microarchitecture, or biochemical markers of bone turnover.
The Medical Home and Hospital Readmissions
Authors: Coller Ryan J. , Klitzner Thomas S. , Saenz Adrianna A. , Lerner Carlos F. , Nelson Bergen B. , Chung Paul J.
Published: November 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

Despite considerable attention, little is known about the degree to which primary care medical homes influence early postdischarge utilization. We sought to test the hypothesis that patients with medical homes are less likely to have early postdischarge hospital or emergency department (ED) encounters.

METHODS:

This prospective cohort study enrolled randomly selected patients during an acute hospitalization at a children’s hospital during 2012 to 2014. Demographic and clinical data were abstracted from administrative sources and caregiver questionnaires on admission through 30 days postdischarge. Medical home experience was assessed by using Maternal and Child Health Bureau definitions. Primary outcomes were 30-day unplanned readmission and 7-day ED visits to any hospital. Logistic regression explored relationships between outcomes and medical home experiences.

RESULTS:

We followed 701 patients, 97% with complete data. Thirty-day unplanned readmission and 7-day ED revisit rates were 12.4% and 5.6%, respectively. More than 65% did not have a medical home. In adjusted models, those with medical home component “having a usual source of sick and well care” had fewer readmissions than those without (adjusted odds ratio 0.54, 95% confidence interval 0.30–0.96). Readmissions were higher among those with less parent confidence in avoiding a readmission, subspecialist primary care providers, longer length of index stay, and more hospitalizations in the past year. ED visits were associated with lack of parent confidence but not medical home components.

CONCLUSIONS:

Lacking a usual source for care was associated with readmissions. Lack of parent confidence was associated with readmissions and ED visits. This information may be used to target interventions or identify high-risk patients before discharge.
Testing and Treatment After Adolescent Sexual Assault in Pediatric Emergency Departments
Authors: Schilling Samantha , Samuels-Kalow Margaret , Gerber Jeffrey S. , Scribano Philip V. , French Benjamin , Wood Joanne N.
Published: November 2015

OBJECTIVE:

To examine rates of recommended of testing and prophylaxis for chlamydia, gonorrhea, and pregnancy in adolescents diagnosed with sexual assault across pediatric emergency departments (EDs) and to determine whether specialized sexual assault pathways and teams are associated with performance of recommended testing and prophylaxis.

METHODS:

In this retrospective study of 12- to 18-year-old adolescents diagnosed with sexual assault at 38 EDs in the Pediatric Hospital Information System database from 2004 to 2013, information regarding routine practice for sexual assault evaluations and presence and year of initiation of specialized ED sexual assault pathways and teams was collected via survey. We examined across-hospital variation and identified patient- and hospital-level factors associated with testing and prophylaxis using logistic regression models, accounting for clustering by hospital.

RESULTS:

Among 12 687 included cases, 93% were female, 79% were <16 years old, 34% were non-Hispanic white, 38% were non-Hispanic black, 21% were Hispanic, and 52% had public insurance. Overall, 44% of adolescents received recommended testing (chlamydia, gonorrhea, pregnancy) and 35% received recommended prophylaxis (chlamydia, gonorrhea, emergency contraception). Across EDs, unadjusted rates of testing ranged from 6% to 89%, and prophylaxis ranged from 0% to 57%. Presence of a specialized sexual assault pathway was associated with increased rates of prophylaxis even after adjusting for case-mix and temporal trends (odds ratio 1.46, 95% confidence interval 1.15 to 1.86).

CONCLUSIONS:

Evaluation and treatment of adolescent sexual assault victims varied widely across pediatric EDs. Adolescents cared for in EDs with specialized sexual assault pathways were more likely to receive recommended prophylaxis.
Identificación molecular de aislamientos de Moniliophthora roreri en huertos de cacao de Norte de Santander, Colombia
Authors: Suárez Contreras Liliana Yanet
Published: November 2015

El hongo fitopatógeno Moniliophthora roreri produce la moniliasis, una enfermedad que destruye la ma-zorca de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) y, por tanto, reduce la producción del cultivo y los ingresos de los agricultores.  En el departamento de Norte de Santander, Colombia, las pérdidas por esta enfermedad pueden alcanzar hasta 60% de la producción.  El conocimiento sobre la biología del hongo es escaso y actualmente se están realizando estudios de identificación macroscópica, microscópica, y comportamiento in vitro frente a antagonistas como: Trichoderma asperellum, T. longibrachiatum, Paecilomyces sp. y Baci-llus brevis.  En ocho municipios y corregimientos del departamento (El Zulia, Cúcuta, Tibú, Sardinata, Bucarasica, Teorama, Agua clara y El Tarra) se obtuvieron 56 aislamientos de M. roreri con fines de ex-tracción de ADN y análisis de PCR.  El método de aislamiento se realizó a partir de mazorcas infectadas por M. roreri, las cuales fueron lavadas con agua destilada, fraccionadas en trozos de 2 x 2 cm y desinfes-tadas con hipoclorito de sodio (2.5%), y alcohol (60%), antes de la siembra en cajas de Petri con medio PDA e incubación por 10 días a 28 °C.  Las regiones ribosomales, ITS, (espaciadores internos de transcri-tos) correspondientes al ADNr 18S, ITS1, 5.8S, ITS2 y 25S fueron amplificadas y secuenciadas.  Amplico-nes de 600 pb (8 aislamientos), 740 pb (12 aislamientos) y de 750 pb, para los 36 aislamientos restantes.  Los tamaños de los amplicones correspondieron a los esperados para la especie M. roreri y los análisis de BLAST confirmaron este nivel de caracterización.
Pathologische Veränderungen bei roten Schwertträgern (Xiphophorus helleri) aufgrund einer Infektion mit motilen Aeromonaden
Authors: Bunnajirakul S. , Pavasutthipaisit S. , Steinhagen D.
Published: November 2015

In einer Population von roten Schwertträgern (Xiphophorus helleri) aus einem betonierten Freilandteich traten vereinzelte Todesfälle auf. Moribunde Fische mit abdominaler Umfangsvermehrung und Flossenfäule gelangten zur Untersuchung. In der pathologischen Untersuchung wurden Schwellungen der Leber, der Milz und der Niere sowie eine Flüssigkeitsansammlung in der Leibeshöhle beobachtet. Die histopathologische Untersuchung zeigte veränderte Hepatozyten mit einer hochgradigen diffusen Ansammlung von Fettvakuolen im Zytoplasma. In der Rumpfniere ließen sich eine hochgradige Ansammlung von mononukleären Zellen und eine Schwellung der Tubulusepithelzellen nachweisen. Aus den inneren Organen der Schwertträger wurden motile Aeromonas spp. isoliert. Die pathologischen Befunde könnten mit einer chronischen Infektion der Fische mit dem Bakterium, begünstigt durch Stressoren wie nicht adäquate Fütterung und schlechte Haltungsbedingungen (z. B. Wassertemperatur), in Zusammenhang stehen. Die erfolgreiche Therapie bestand aus einer Optimierung von Haltungsbedingungen und Fütterung zur Verbesserung des Gesundheitszustandes in Kombination mit der Verabreichung antibakteriell wirkender Medikamente.
Management of ACCase-Inhibiting Herbicide-Resistant Smooth Barley (Hordeum glaucum) in Field Pea with Alternative Herbicides
Authors: Shergill Lovreet S. , Fleet Benjamin , Preston Christopher , Gill Gurjeet
Published: November 2015

Smooth barley is an annual weed species that is infesting crops and pastures in South Australia. Complicating control options is the presence of herbicide-resistant biotypes. A field trial was conducted to identify alternative herbicides for the management of acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase)-inhibiting herbicide-resistant smooth barley in field pea. Preplant (PP) soil applications of pyroxasulfone; prosulfocarb plus S-metolachlor; dimethenamid-P; propyzamide; trifluralin alone or with triallate or with diuron; or imazamox applied POST were evaluated for their effectiveness and crop safety. Propyzamide, pyroxasulfone, or imazamox applied POST provided a high level of smooth barley control, did not cause any crop injury, and increased field pea grain or forage yield compared with the nontreated. Furthermore, propyzamide or pyroxasulfone reduced panicle density and seed production in smooth barley, whereas the effectiveness of POST imazamox varied over the two seasons. Dimethenamid-P reduced the impact of smooth barley on field pea yield, but cause stunting, and was less effective than propyzamide, pyroxasulfone, and imazamox in reducing smooth barley seed production. Negative relationship between field pea yield and smooth barley panicle density indicated that smooth barley is highly competitive in field pea crops and can cause large yield losses. The results of this investigation suggest that propyzamide or pyroxasulfone applied PP and imazamox applied POST could be used effectively in the field for the management of ACCase-inhibiting herbicide-resistant smooth barley in South Australia.
Evaluation of Herbicide Programs for Use in a 2,4-D–Resistant Soybean Technology for Control of Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri)
Authors: Miller M. Ryan , Norsworthy Jason K.
Published: November 2015

Two separate field experiments were conducted over a 2-yr period in Fayetteville, AR, during 2012 and 2013 to (1) evaluate POST herbicide programs utilizing a premixture of dimethylamine (DMA) salt of glyphosate + choline salt of 2,4-D in a soybean line resistant to 2,4-D, glyphosate, and glufosinate and (2) determine efficacy of herbicide programs that begin with PRE residual herbicides followed by POST applications of 2,4-D choline + glyphosate DMA on glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth. In the first experiment, POST applications alone that incorporated the use of residual herbicides with the glyphosate + 2,4-D premixture provided 93 to 99% control of Palmer amaranth at the end of the season. In the second experiment, the use of flumioxazin, flumioxazin + chlorimuron methyl, S-metolachlor + fomesafen, or sulfentrazone + chloransulam applied PRE provided 94 to 98% early-season Palmer amaranth control. Early-season control helped maintain a high level of Palmer amaranth control throughout the growing season, in turn resulting in fewer reproductive Palmer amaranth plants present at soybean harvest compared to most other treatments. Although no differences in soybean yield were observed among treated plots, it was evident that herbicide programs should begin with PRE residual herbicides followed by POST applications of glyphosate + 2,4-D mixed with residual herbicides to minimize late-season escapes and reduce the likelihood of contributions to the soil seedbank. Dependent upon management decisions, the best stewardship of this technology will likely rely on the use multiple effective mechanisms of action incorporated into a fully integrated weed management system.
La imagen pública de la ciudad de A Coruña
Authors: González María Ángeles , Dopico Jesús A. , Campos-Juanatey Diego
Published: November 2015

El objetivo de este estudio era conocer la imagen que tienen los habitantes de A Coruña sobre su ciudad. Con este fin, se presentó el cuestionario utilizado por Boira (1992), con algunas modificaciones, a un grupo de 130 estudiantes de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación de la ciudad de A Coruña (España). Se confirma el papel central de la Torre de Hércules como elemento simbólico y representativo, la asociación de ésta y del mar y las playas con la idea que la mayoría tiene de la ciudad, y la percepción de las plazas de María Pita y de Pontevedra como corazón de la ciudad y como nodo más importante, respectivamente. La ciudad ha sido descrita por muchos participantes como “una ciudad pequeña con todos los servicios cerca”.
Diferencias en la imagen pública de la ciudad de A Coruña en función del tiempo de permanencia en la ciudad
Authors: González María Ángeles , Dopico Jesús A. , Campos-Juanatey Diego
Published: November 2015

En este trabajo se analizaron las diferencias en la imagen pública de la ciudad de A Coruña (Spain), entre las personas que llevaban menos de un año en la ciudad, y las que llevaban más de un año residiendo en ella. Se aplicó el cuestionario utilizado por Boira (1992), con algunas modificaciones, a 130 de estudiantes de la Facultad de Ciencias de Educación de la ciudad. La Torre de Hércules y la Plaza de Pontevedra son elementos representativos para todos ellos. Sin embargo, cuando al grupo que menos tiempo llevaba en la ciudad se le pidió que citara las cinco primeras cosas que recordaba de la ciudad, señaló con más frecuencia  las playas de Riazor y Orzán que la Torre de Hércules, y sólo este grupo citó el centro comercial Marineda City entre esos primeros lugares recordados espontáneamente.
El aprendizaje de los estudiantes de primero de carrera evaluado en ocho indicadores
Authors: García-Fuentes-de-la-Fuente Carmen Delia , Manzano-Soto Nuria
Published: November 2015

En este artículo, se realiza una presentación del tema del aprendizaje en alumnos de primero de carrera universitaria. El tema del aprendizaje se introduce  desde la concepción clásica de enfoques de aprendizaje,  se menciona el conectivismo de Siemens (2006) por ser un enfoque más adaptado al aprendizaje de la era digital en la que nos encontramos inmersos. Finalmente comentamos los resultados obtenidas en el cuestionario adaptado del de  Monereo (1993) sobre autoconocimiento  en la forma de estudio. Se  comentan los resultados obtenidos en la evaluación de necesidades de los estudiantes de la muestra.
Estrategias de self-handicapping en estudiantes universitarios. Diferencias entre cursos
Authors: Ferradás Mar , Freire Carlos , Rodríguez Susana , Piñeiro Isabel
Published: November 2015

El self-handicapping constituye una estrategia de autoobstaculización en virtud de la cual el estudiante genera o aduce algún impedimento que coarta sus posibilidades de éxito. De esta manera, si se produce un fracaso académico, existe una causa evidente del mismo y, por tanto, la autovalía del estudiante no se ve comprometida. Se trata, así pues, de un mecanismo motivacional anticipatorio dirigido a priorizar la protección de la competencia personal ante el temor a fracasar. Algunos estudiantes verbalizan la existencia de impedimentos inhibidores del rendimiento (self-handicapping alegado); otros, en cambio, se involucran en la realización de acciones incompatibles con un buen desempeño (self-handicapping conductual). En el presente estudio se analiza la posible existencia de diferencias significativas en la utilización del self-handicapping conductual y alegado en función del curso. Se diseñó un estudio ex post facto prospectivo simple de corte transversal. Participaron en la investigación 691 estudiantes (86%, mujeres; Medad = 21.35; DT = 3.75) de la Universidade da Coruña que cursaban 1º (54.8%) y 3º (45.2%) de grado en titulaciones de Ciencias de la Educación (68.9%) y Ciencias de la Salud (31.1%). El self-handicapping se evaluó a través de la Self-Handicapping Scale, elaborada por Martin. Este instrumento evalúa tanto formas conductuales como alegadas de autoobstaculización. Las diferencias entre cursos se analizaron mediante la prueba T de Student para muestras independientes. Los resultados indican que los estudiantes de tercer curso de Ciencias de la Educación y Ciencias de la Salud se acogen significativamente en mayor medida tanto al self-handicapping conductual como al self-handicapping alegado que los estudiantes de primer curso.  Estos hallazgos sugieren que la variable curso está influyendo en la utilización de estos mecanismos autoprotectores. Considerando que el self-handicapping es desadaptativo en términos de implicación y rendimiento académico, se analizan las posibles circunstancias del contexto de aprendizaje que podrían estar influyendo en la adopción de estas tácticas. Asimismo, se proporcionan algunas orientaciones psicoeducativas dirigidas a prevenir la utilización del self-handicapping académico.
Projetos de ensino e de aprendizagem multidisciplinares: relato e análise de propostas
Authors: Savaris Letícia , Ceron-Trevisol Maria Teresa , Bomm-Lazzarin Márcia Salete
Published: November 2015

A fragmentação do conhecimento trouxe benefícios à sociedade, pois permitiu o avanço tecnológico e científico, bem como possibilitou conforto e bem-estar para o ser humano. Mas, ao mesmo tempo, provocou consequências em outras dimensões da sociedade. Devido aos fatos históricos e, principalmente, às revoluções que ocorreram no mundo ocidental, o conhecimento foi sendo cada vez mais segmentado e o diálogo entre as disciplinas, bem como entre os seres humanos foram fragilizados. Isso tornou quase que impossível o estabelecimento de uma visão global dos fatos, pois foram desconsideradas as interligações e as interdependências existentes entre áreas do conhecimento, bem como entre os seres humanos. Assim, a visão fragmentada respondeu aos problemas simples presentes na sociedade, mas, devido à complexidade dos fatos, bem como aos avanços científicos e tecnológicos, intensificados principalmente no século XX, tornou-se limitada e incapaz de resolver as situações mais amplas. Esse contexto complexo e diverso contribuiu para o estabelecimento de diálogos, articulações e relações entre os saberes e os sujeitos dos saberes. E, voltando-se para o âmbito educacional, surgiram possibilidades de superação da fragmentação do conhecimento, bem como da organização multidisciplinar dos saberes, por meio da interdisciplinaridade e da transdisciplinaridade. Diante disso, considerando que este trabalho vincula-se ao Projeto de Pesquisa do Observatório da Educação intitulado “Estratégias e ações multidisciplinares nas áreas de conhecimentos das ciências humanas, ciências da natureza e linguagens, na mesorregião do oeste catarinense: implicações na qualidade da educação básica”, que se justifica também pelo contexto mencionado anteriormente, pretende-se analisar quais experiências/projetos de ensino e de aprendizagem multidisciplinares, interdisciplinares ou transdisciplinares foram ou estão sendo desenvolvidos no ensino fundamental das escolas participantes do projeto mencionado anteriormente, e em que medida eles constituem alternativas da escola e de seus profissionais buscarem qualidade e significação dos processos de ensino e de aprendizagem, tendo em vista que são uma possibilidade de compreender a construção do conhecimento dos alunos de maneira não fragmentada. Vale ressaltar que este estudo encontra-se em desenvolvimento e o trabalho a ser apresentado refere-se a uma análise de dados coletados com cinco profissionais de cada escola participantes do Projeto “Estratégias e Ações Multidisciplinares…”, sendo três professores, um diretor e um coordenador pedagógico, num total de treze escolas. Acredita-se que tais projetos (interdisciplinares/transdisciplinares) podem constituir-se em alternativas que inovarão as práticas pedagógicas e as maneiras de pensar e de ser dos sujeitos, revitalizando o processo de aprender com sentido e significado.
El mapa cognitivo de los estudiantes de Bellas Artes II: El conocimiento del centro histórico de Pontevedra
Authors: Campos-Juanatey Diego , Pérez-Fabello María José , Tarrío Santiago
Published: November 2015

El objeto de este estudio es averiguar cuál es el nivel de conocimiento que los alumnos de la Facultad de Bellas Artes de Pontevedra tienen de las calles del centro histórico de la ciudad. Se seleccionó un grupo de 119 estudiantes, a los que se presentó un mapa de la ciudad en el que se señalan los nombres de las calles, excepto 20 que, en lugar del nombre, se numeran. La tarea de los estudiantes consistió en identificar el nombre de las calles numeradas. El resultado muestra que el género no tiene incidencia en el resultado, y que únicamente es significativa la diferencia producida por la variable: tiempo de permanencia en la ciudad.
A Representação Social do Conhecimento: Explorando as razões para aprender e as razões para não aprender
Authors: Roazzi Antonio , Bayma-Freire Hilda , Roazzi Maira M. , Mascarenhas Suely Aparecida do Nascimento
Published: November 2015

Neste trabalho, exploramos uma série de hipóteses específicas com o objetivo de entender a transmissão intergeracional de status social e educacional. A perspectiva geral proposta aqui é que este fenômeno resulta de um processo de socialização que é simultaneamente cognitivo e social.  Crianças de NSE baixo e médio constroem mundos consensuais diferentes que dão às crianças de NSE médio razões para aprender e às crianças de classe baixa razões para não aprender na escola. As diferenças que antecipamos encontrar não estão nas crenças gerais sobre o valor da educação, mas nas suas representações específicas de estratificação social e educacional, sua identidade neste mundo social e os tipos de conhecimentos nos quais se considere valga a pena investir, em função da identidade.
Confianza en la mnemotecnia de la palabra clave para aprender lenguas
Authors: Ameijide Leticia , Campos Alfredo
Published: November 2015

El objetivo principal de esta investigación era averiguar si la mnemotecnia de la palabra clave reforzada con dibujos es eficaz en estudiantes de ESO y, por otro lado, el nivel de confianza de esta estrategia. La muestra estaba compuesta por un grupo de 104 participantes que aprendieron la traducción de una lista corta de 16 palabras latinas. El grupo control aprendió por el método de repetición y el grupo experimental a través de la mnemotecnia de la palabra clave reforzada con dibujos. Los resultados indicaron que el género no influyó en el recuerdo y seguridad de la respuesta. Sin embargo, la estrategia de aprendizaje sí influyó.
¿Influye la habilidad de rotar imágenes en el conocimiento de una ciudad?
Authors: Dopico Jesús A. , González María Ángeles , Campos-Juanatey Diego
Published: November 2015

El objetivo de este trabajo era analizar el conocimiento que tienen de las calles de A Coruña los alumnos de la Facultad de Economía y Empresa de esta ciudad, y averiguar además si la habilidad de rotar imágenes y los años de permanencia en la ciudad, influían en ese conocimiento. Se seleccionó un grupo de 88 estudiantes del Grado en Administración y Dirección de Empresas de la Universidad de A Coruña. Los participantes que llevaban en la ciudad más de 10 años, recordaron más nombres de calles que los que llevaban menos de 10 años en ella, mientras que la habilidad de rotar imágenes no influyó significativamente en el número de aciertos de los nombres de las calles de la ciudad.