bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eşit Kanallı Açısal Presleme Yönteminde Kanal Açılarının ve İç Köşe Kavisinin Deformasyona Etkisinin Sonlu Elemanlar Metodu ile İncelenmesi
Authors: BAYSAL Erhan , KOÇAR Oğuz , ANAÇ Nergizhan , DARICI Ferudun
Published: October 2023

Aşırı plastik deformasyona maruz bırakılma işlemi, malzemenin mekanik özelliklerini geliştirmek amacıyla ultra ince tanelerin oluşturulmasına olanak sağlamaktadır. Aşırı plastik deformasyon yöntemlerinden biri olan Eşit Kanallı Açısal Presleme (EKAP) yöntemi de malzeme kesitinde herhangi bir değişiklik olmadan, malzemenin kayma gerilmelerine maruz kalması sonucu mekanik özelliklerin iyileşmesine imkân sağlayan bir yöntemdir. Bu yöntemle malzemelerin mekanik özelliklerin daha da artması hem işlem parametrelerine ve hem de işlem parametrelerinin optimizasyonuna bağlıdır. Özellikle, malzemenin kanal içerisinden geçişi sırasında kalıp açıları kritik öneme sahiptir. Bu açılar, uygulanacak olan kuvvet ve deformasyon miktarı üzerinde doğrudan etkilidir. Deneysel süreç başlamadan malzemede meydana gelebilecek deformasyonu önceden tahmin etmek sürecin doğru ilerlemesi açısından çok önemlidir. Bu çalışmada tane boyutu üzerinde en etkili parametrelerden olan kanal açısı, dış kavis açısı ve iç köşe kavis değeri dikkate alınmıştır. Kanal açısı (Φ) 90o ve 120o, dış kavis açısı (ψ) 0o ve 20o, iç köşe kavis değerleri ise 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 mm olarak alınmıştır. Kalıp ile numune arasındaki temas şekli, sürtünmesiz olarak kabul edilerek numunenin uğradığı deformasyon miktarı tespit edilmiş ve gerekli olan kuvvet değeri hesaplanmıştır. Elde edilen verilere göre en yüksek gerilme değeri Φ=90o, ψ=20o ve r=0 mm olan modelde gözlenmiştir. Kanal açısının artırılması kuvvet değerini azaltırken deformasyon miktarını da düşürmektedir. İç köşe kavis değerinin artması Φ=90o kanal açısı için gerilme değerlerinde önemli değişiklikler göstermesine rağmen Φ=120o kanal açısı için kayda değer değişiklikler gözlenmemiştir.
Öğretmenlerin Dijital Öğretim Materyali Geliştirme Öz-Yeterlik Algıları Ölçeği Geliştirme Çalışması
Authors: ASLAN Mecit , ERBENZER Engin
Published: October 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı “Öğretmenlerin Dijital Öğretim Materyali Geliştirme ÖzYeterlik Algıları Ölçeği” geliştirmektir. 39 maddeden oluşan ölçeğin taslak formu 676 öğretmene uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde madde toplam korelasyonu, açımlayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ve güvenirlik analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Faktör analizi sonucunda ölçeğin 34 madde ve dört faktörlü bir yapıda olduğu ve toplam varyansın %74.335’ini açıkladığı belirlenmiştir. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda elde edilen uyum indeksi değerleri model ve gözlenen veri arasında uyum olduğunu ve önerilen modelin kabul edilebilir olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Ölçeğin Cronbach alfa iç tutarlılık güvenirlik katsayısı 0.935 iken boyutlar için sırasıyla .925, .971, .951 ve .969 olarak hesaplanmıştır. İstatistiksel analizler sonucunda beşli likert tipinde, toplam 34 maddelik öğretmenlerin dijital öğretim materyali geliştirme öz-yeterlik ölçeği geliştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın bulgularına göre öğretmenlerin dijital öğretim materyali geliştirme öz-yeterlik ölçeğinin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olarak kullanılabileceği anlaşılmaktadır
Recent Achievement in the Synthesis of Imidazoles
Authors: Hieu Tran Trung , Dung Vo Cong , Chung Nguyen Thi , Duc Dau Xuan
Published: October 2023

Imidazole derivatives, which belong to 1,3-diazole family, have two nitrogen
atoms at 1 and 3 positions in the aromatic ring. Imidazole derivatives diversely appear
both in nature and synthetic sources. Some natural imidazoles play important roles in human
life such as histidine, histamine and biotin. Imidazole-based compounds possess a wide range
of bioactivities such as those including antimicrobial, anticancer, antiparasitic, antihypertensive,
antineuropathic and anti-inflammatory activities. Many compounds with imidazole skeleton
have been marketed as drugs in the market. The synthesis of imidazole derivatives has
drawn great attention of chemists and numerous articles on the synthesis of this class of heterocyclic
compound have been reported over the years. In this article, we will give a comprehensive
review on the synthesis of imidazoles which date back to 2013. In this articles, 182 studies on the synthesis
of imidazoles are summerized. The Debus–Radziszewski imidazole synthesis have still recceived great
attention of chemists and many articles have been published recently. Besides, a huge number of novel methods
have also developed. We have also tried to describe reaction mechanisms as much as we can. The work might
be useful for chemists who are involved in the synthesis of heterocycles or drug chemistry.
Insights into Quinoline in Context of Conventional versus Green Synthesis
Authors: Grover Taruna , Singh Navneet , Vaja Maulikkumar
Published: October 2023

A relatively new field dubbed "green chemistry" seeks to achieve sustainability at
the molecular level. This topic has received a lot of interest in recent years because of its ability
to fulfill both environmental and economic goals through non-hazardous chemical innovation.
A number of substituted quinoline derivatives were synthesized using microwave irradiation
(MW), light irradiation, the presence of a non-biodegradable and recyclable catalyst, the
presence of nanoparticles under solvent-free conditions, or the use of a green solvent. High
target compound yields, fast reaction times, a simple workup process, the ability to reuse the
catalyst, and environmentally favorable settings are all advantages of this effective approach.
This study explores the synthesis of quinoline, a versatile heterocyclic compound with widespread
applications in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and material science. The focus is on
comparing conventional and green synthesis methods and evaluating their respective advantages,
drawbacks, and environmental impacts. The transition from conventional to sustainable green methodologies
highlights the significance of reducing waste, energy consumption and toxic reagents in quinoline
synthesis.
Advancements of the CRISPR/Cas9 System in the Treatment of Liver
Cancer
Authors: Li Zhuoyu , Han Ziming
Published: October 2023

In recent years, the CRISPR/Cas9 system has become a rapidly advancing gene editing
technology with significant advantages in various fields, particularly biomedicine. Liver cancer is
a severe malignancy that threatens human health and is primarily treated with surgery, radiotherapy,
and chemotherapy. However, surgery may not be suitable for advanced cases of liver cancer
with distant metastases. Moreover, radiotherapy and chemotherapy have low specificity and numerous
side effects that limit their effectiveness; therefore, more effective and safer treatments are
required. With the advancement of the biomolecular mechanism of cancer, CRISPR/Cas9 gene
editing technology has been widely used in the study of liver cancer to gain insights into gene
functions, establish tumor models, screen tumor phenotype-related genes, and perform gene therapy.
This review outlines the research progress of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology in the
treatment of liver cancer and provides a relevant theoretical basis for its research and application
in the treatment of liver cancer.
Explore the Constituents and Mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Preparation Zhachong Shisan Pills Based on HPLC-QTOF-MS and
Network Pharmacology
Authors: Xin Yueqiang , Sang Yuli , Ji Xiang , Tang Manman , Chen Lijiang , Hao Yanjun , Lu Jing
Published: October 2023

Introduction:

Th study aims to establish the chromatographic fingerprint of
Zhachong Shisan pills (ZSP), and to explore its active components and mechanism of analgesic
and anti-inflammatory action.

Method:

First, the Personal Compound Database and Library (PCDL) of ZSP was constructed
through literature mining, and then the chemical composition and fingerprint of methanol extractions
from 8 batches of ZSP were studied using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
with Quadrupole Time-Of-Flight tandem Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-QTOF-MS) technology.
Furthermore, network pharmacology was used to explore the active compounds, potential targets,
and signal pathways of analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of ZSP. A total of 102
compounds were detected in positive and negative ion mode.

Results:

Fifty-six characteristic peaks in positive ion mode and 78 characteristic peaks in negative
ion mode were confirmed as common peaks in the fingerprint of ZSP. Through network pharmacology
research, the effective components, key targets, and signal pathways of ZSP for the treatment
of cerebral apoplexy by analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects were all analyzed.

Conclusion:

This study explained the substance basis of the analgesic and anti-inflammatory
effects of Zhachong Shisan Pills, and explores its possible mechanisms, providing ideas for rational
clinical medication and in-depth pharmacological research.
A Novel Dual-labeled Peptide for Multimodal Imaging of EGFR with
L858R Mutation
Authors: Kim Myoung Hyoun , Kim Seul-Gi , Kim Dae-Weung
Published: October 2023

Background:

The development of molecular imaging agents targeting epidermal
growth factor receptor (EGFR) with L858R mutation may help with the selection of non-small
cell lung carcinoma (NSCLCL) patients who may benefit from EFGR tyrosine kinase inhibitor
(TKI) therapy.

Objective:

In this study, we developed 99mTc STHHYYP-GHEG-ECGK-tetramethylrhodamine
(STHHYYP-ECGK-TAMRA) to target EGFR with L858R mutation in NSCLC tumors and verified
its probability as a molecular imaging agent

Methods:

Fmoc solid-phase peptide synthesis was used to synthesize STHHYYP-ECGKTAMRA.
99mTc labelled STHHYYP-ECGK-TAMRA was prepared. Gamma imaging, fluorescent
imaging and biodistribution were performed in murine models bearing NCI-H1975 and
NCI-H1650 tumors.

Results:

The binding affinity value (Kd) of 99mTc STHHYYP-ECGK-TAMRA was estimated to
be 130.6 ± 29.2 nM in NCI-H1975 cells. The gamma camera images showed a substantial uptake
of 99mTc STHHYYP-ECGK-TAMRA in the NCI-H1975 tumor. The % injected dose/gram
of the NCI-H1975 tumor tissue was 2.77 ± 0.70 and 3.48 ± 1.01 at 1 and 3 h, respectively.

Conclusion:

Specific binding of 99mTc STHHYYP-ECGK-TAMRA to L858R-mutated EGFRpositive
NCI-H1975 cells and tumors was demonstrated in in vivo and in vitro studies. The results
suggest that 99mTc STHHYYP-ECGK-TAMRA is a good candidate agent for dualmodality
imaging targeting EGFR with L858R mutation.
APPLICATION OF METHODS OF MANUAL THERAPY, KINESIOTHERAPY AND ELECTROMYOSTIMULATION FOR THORACALGIA ON THE BACKGROUND OF SPINE OSTEOCHONDROSIS
Authors: Borzykh N.O. , Roi I.V. , Barabash S.V. , Kudrin A.P. , Kovalenko O.O.
Published: October 2023

Резюме. Мета. Визначити ефективність застосування методів мануальної терапії, кінезіотерапії та електроміостимуляції для покращення амплітуди в грудо-поперековому відділі хребта та зменшення болю при лікуванні пацієнтів з торакалгією на тлі остеохондрозу.

Матеріали і методи. В статті надано результати дослідження групи пацієнтів з торакалгією на тлі остеохондрозу та міофасціального больового синдрому (МФБС) 75 осіб, які перебували на лікуванні у реабілітаційному відділенні  ДУ «ІТО НАМНУ». Пацієнтам було виконано фізикальне обстеження, яке полягало у визначенні активного діапазону руху в грудо-поперековому відділі хребта методом гоніометрії та оцінку болі за ВАШ при виконанні гоніометрії; пальпаторному обстеженні спазмованих м’язів та визначенні активних тригерних точок (ТТ). Повторне обстеження здійснювали через два тижні, один місяць та три місяці відновного лікування.

Результати. За результатами статистичного аналізу маємо загальний приріст амплітуди руху протягом 3-ох місячного курсу фізичної терапії (ФТ): при флексії ‒ серед пацієнтів без обмеження флексії на 17 % (p˂0,05), з обмеженням флексії на 42,4 % (p˂0,05); при екстензії: серед пацієнтів без обмеження на 12% (p>0,05), з обмеженням екстензії ‒ на 43,2 % (p˂0,05); при ротації: серед пацієнтів без обмеження ротації вправо на 6,2 %, вліво – 8 % (p>0,05); з обмеженням ротації: загальний приріст ротації вправо на 42 %, вліво – 53 %(p<0,05).

Відмічаємо зменшення больового синдрому протягом всього курсу ФТ при виконанні флексії на 2,4 бали (57 %), екстензії ‒ на 3,8 бали (66,7 %),  ротації ‒ на 4,8 бали (73,8 %), при p<0,05. При пальпаторному обстеженні тригерної точки (ТТ) m. levator scapule та m. trapezius больовий синдром зменшився від 53 % до 70 % відповідно до локалізації (p<0,05).

Висновки. Застосування методів ФТ (мануальної терапії, електроміостимуляції та кінезіотерапії) підтвердило свою ефективність позитивною динамікою показників флексії, екстензії та ротації грудо-поперекового відділу хребта та зменшенні рівня больового синдрому при виконанні гоніометрії та пальпаторному обстеженні ТТ.
CIDADANIA AMBIENTAL E AS ESTRATÉGIAS DE INTERNACIONALIZAÇÃO DO CURRÍCULO
Authors: Costa Alves Suiane , Abba Maria Julieta
Published: October 2023

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo refletir acerca das estratégias de internacionalização do currículo na promoção de competências globais, a partir do estudo da Serra de Aratanha. Metodologicamente, desenvolvemos uma pesquisa de cunho bibliográfico, buscando nas principais bases de dados e repositórios digitais fundamentar as reflexões propostas. Por fim, com base nos resultados, constatamos o quão importante é a Serra de Aratanha, que se caracteriza por sua biodiversidade, sendo considerada uma paisagem de exceção no semiárido cearense. Nesse quesito, há necessidade de elaboração de ações sustentáveis que perpassem pelo espaço educacional, à medida que colaboram para o empoderamento, estimulando o protagonismo estudantil, não somente no ambiente acadêmico, mas também nos diversos espaços para o exercício da cidadania ambiental.
ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS NO ATENDIMENTO EDUCACIONAL ESPECIALIZADO
Authors: Matoso de Pontes Marcio , Vilar Vasconcelos Francisco , Da Silva Barroso Maria Cleide
Published: October 2023

Esse estudo tem como objetivo compreender o processo formativo e o trabalho realizado por quatro professoras do atendimento educacional especializado (AEE) no ensino de conceitos de ciências da natureza por meio das tecnologias educacionais. Trata-se de um estudo de caso, com natureza qualitativa e do tipo exploratória. A partir dos dados coletados por meio de uma entrevista semiestruturada foi realizada uma análise textual do discurso (ATD). Concluiu-se ao final dessa pesquisa que os professores do AEE ensinam conteúdos de Ciências por meio das tecnologias educacionais utilizando-se de sites para ter acesso a jogos, livros, músicas e documentários, relacionando-os com a vida cotidiana dos alunos. Os mesmos afirmam que os recursos tecnológicos quando utilizados com intencionalidade pedagógica facilitam o processo de ensino pois: são mais atrativos, estimula o autodidatismo e promovem inovação no ensino e possibilitam acessibilidade para todas as crianças.
Characteristics Associated With Telemonitoring Use Among Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Auener Stefan L , van Dulmen Simone A , Atsma Femke , van der Galiën Onno , Bellersen Louise , van Kimmenade Roland , Westert Gert P , Jeurissen Patrick P T
Published: October 2023

Background

Chronic heart failure (HF) is a chronic disease affecting more than 64 million people worldwide, with an increasing prevalence and a high burden on individual patients and society. Telemonitoring may be able to mitigate some of this burden by increasing self-management and preventing use of the health care system. However, it is unknown to what degree telemonitoring has been adopted by hospitals and if the use of telemonitoring is associated with certain patient characteristics. Insight into the dissemination of this technology among hospitals and patients may inform strategies for further adoption.

Objective

We aimed to explore the use of telemonitoring among hospitals in the Netherlands and to identify patient characteristics associated with the use of telemonitoring for HF.

Methods

We performed a retrospective cohort study based on routinely collected health care claim data in the Netherlands. Descriptive analyses were used to gain insight in the adoption of telemonitoring for HF among hospitals in 2019. We used logistic multiple regression analyses to explore the associations between patient characteristics and telemonitoring use.

Results

Less than half (31/84, 37%) of all included hospitals had claims for telemonitoring, and 20% (17/84) of hospitals had more than 10 patients with telemonitoring claims. Within these 17 hospitals, a total of 7040 patients were treated for HF in 2019, of whom 5.8% (409/7040) incurred a telemonitoring claim. Odds ratios (ORs) for using telemonitoring were higher for male patients (adjusted OR 1.90, 95% CI 1.50-2.41) and patients with previous hospital treatment for HF (adjusted OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.39-2.24). ORs were lower for higher age categories and were lowest for the highest age category, that is, patients older than 80 years (OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.21-0.44) compared to the reference age category (18-59 years). Socioeconomic status, degree of multimorbidity, and excessive polypharmacy were not associated with the use of telemonitoring.

Conclusions

The use of reimbursed telemonitoring for HF was limited up to 2019, and our results suggest that large variation exists among hospitals. A lack of adoption is therefore not only due to a lack of diffusion among hospitals but also due to a lack of scaling up within hospitals that already deploy telemonitoring. Future studies should therefore focus on both kinds of adoption and how to facilitate these processes. Older patients, female patients, and patients with no previous hospital treatment for HF were less likely to use telemonitoring for HF. This shows that some patient groups are not served as much by telemonitoring as other patient groups. The underlying mechanism of the reported associations should be identified in order to gain a deeper understanding of telemonitoring use among different patient groups.
Fight Against the Mandatory COVID-19 Immunity Passport on Twitter: Natural Language Processing Study
Authors: Gable Jessica S M , Sauvayre Romy , Chauvière Cédric
Published: October 2023

Background

To contain and curb the spread of COVID-19, the governments of countries around the world have used different strategies (lockdown, mandatory vaccination, immunity passports, voluntary social distancing, etc).

Objective

This study aims to examine the reactions produced by the public announcement of a binding political decision presented by the president of the French Republic, Emmanuel Macron, on July 12, 2021, which imposed vaccination on caregivers and an immunity passport on all French people to access restaurants, cinemas, bars, and so forth.

Methods

To measure these announcement reactions, 901,908 unique tweets posted on Twitter (Twitter Inc) between July 12 and August 11, 2021, were extracted. A neural network was constructed to examine the arguments of the tweets and to identify the types of arguments used by Twitter users.

Results

This study shows that in the debate about mandatory vaccination and immunity passports, mostly “con” arguments (399,803/847,725, 47%; χ26=952.8; P<.001) and “scientific” arguments (317,156/803,583, 39%; χ26=5006.8; P<.001) were used.

Conclusions

This study shows that during July and August 2021, social events permeating the public sphere and discussions about mandatory vaccination and immunity passports collided on Twitter. Moreover, a political decision based on scientific arguments led citizens to challenge it using pseudoscientific arguments contesting the effectiveness of vaccination and the validity of these political decisions.
Selecting an Ecological Momentary Assessment Platform: Tutorial for Researchers
Authors: Henry Lauren M , Hansen Eleanor , Chimoff Justin , Pokstis Kimberly , Kiderman Miryam , Naim Reut , Kossowsky Joe , Byrne Meghan E , Lopez-Guzman Silvia , Kircanski Katharina , Pine Daniel S , Brotman Melissa A
Published: October 2023

Background

Although ecological momentary assessment (EMA) has been applied in psychological research for decades, delivery methods have evolved with the proliferation of digital technology. Technological advances have engendered opportunities for enhanced accessibility, convenience, measurement precision, and integration with wearable sensors. Notwithstanding, researchers must navigate novel complexities in EMA research design and implementation.

Objective

In this paper, we aimed to provide guidance on platform selection for clinical scientists launching EMA studies.

Methods

Our team includes diverse specialties in child and adolescent behavioral and mental health with varying expertise on EMA platforms (eg, users and developers). We (2 research sites) evaluated EMA platforms with the goal of identifying the platform or platforms with the best fit for our research. We created a list of extant EMA platforms; conducted a web-based review; considered institutional security, privacy, and data management requirements; met with developers; and evaluated each of the candidate EMA platforms for 1 week.

Results

We selected 2 different EMA platforms, rather than a single platform, for use at our 2 research sites. Our results underscore the importance of platform selection driven by individualized and prioritized laboratory needs; there is no single, ideal platform for EMA researchers. In addition, our project generated 11 considerations for researchers in selecting an EMA platform: (1) location; (2) developer involvement; (3) sample characteristics; (4) onboarding; (5) survey design features; (6) sampling scheme and scheduling; (7) viewing results; (8) dashboards; (9) security, privacy, and data management; (10) pricing and cost structure; and (11) future directions. Furthermore, our project yielded a suggested timeline for the EMA platform selection process.

Conclusions

This study will guide scientists initiating studies using EMA, an in vivo, real-time research tool with tremendous promise for facilitating advances in psychological assessment and intervention.
Question Answering for Electronic Health Records: Scoping Review of Datasets and Models (Preprint)
Authors: Bardhan Jayetri , Roberts Kirk , Wang Daisy Zhe
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND

Question answering (QA) systems for patient-related data can assist both clinicians and patients. They can, for example, assist clinicians in decision-making and enable patients to have a better understanding of their medical history. Substantial amounts of patient data are stored in electronic health records (EHRs), making EHR QA an important research area. Because of the differences in data format and modality, this differs greatly from other medical QA tasks that use medical websites or scientific papers to retrieve answers, making it critical to research EHR QA.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to provide a methodological review of existing works on QA for EHRs. The objectives of this study were to identify the existing EHR QA datasets and analyze them, study the state-of-the-art methodologies used in this task, compare the different evaluation metrics used by these state-of-the-art models, and finally elicit the various challenges and the ongoing issues in EHR QA.

METHODS

We searched for articles from January 1, 2005, to September 30, 2023, in 4 digital sources, including Google Scholar, ACL Anthology, ACM Digital Library, and PubMed, to collect relevant publications on EHR QA. Our systematic screening process followed PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. A total of 4111 papers were identified for our study, and after screening based on our inclusion criteria, we obtained 47 papers for further study. The selected studies were then classified into 2 non–mutually exclusive categories depending on their scope: “EHR QA datasets” and “EHR QA models.”

RESULTS

A systematic screening process obtained 47 papers on EHR QA for final review. Out of the 47 papers, 53% (n=25) were about EHR QA datasets, and 79% (n=37) papers were about EHR QA models. It was observed that QA on EHRs is relatively new and unexplored. Most of the works are fairly recent. In addition, it was observed that emrQA is by far the most popular EHR QA dataset, both in terms of citations and usage in other papers. We have classified the EHR QA datasets based on their modality, and we have inferred that Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC-III) and the National Natural Language Processing Clinical Challenges datasets (ie, n2c2 datasets) are the most popular EHR databases and corpuses used in EHR QA. Furthermore, we identified the different models used in EHR QA along with the evaluation metrics used for these models.

CONCLUSIONS

EHR QA research faces multiple challenges, such as the limited availability of clinical annotations, concept normalization in EHR QA, and challenges faced in generating realistic EHR QA datasets. There are still many gaps in research that motivate further work. This study will assist future researchers in focusing on areas of EHR QA that have possible future research directions.
Development and Validation of a Formative Assessment Tool for Nephrology Fellows' Clinical Reasoning
Authors: Boyle Suzanne M. , Martindale James , Parsons Andrew S. , Sozio Stephen M. , Hilburg Rachel , Bahrainwala Jehan , Chan Lili , Stern Lauren D. , Warburton Karen M.
Published: October 2023

Background

Diagnostic errors are commonly driven by failures in clinical reasoning. Deficits in clinical reasoning are common among graduate medical learners, including nephrology fellows. We created and validated an instrument to assess clinical reasoning in a national cohort of nephrology fellows and established performance thresholds for remedial coaching.

Methods

Experts in nephrology education and clinical reasoning remediation designed an instrument to measure clinical reasoning through a written patient encounter note from a web-based, simulated AKI consult. The instrument measured clinical reasoning in three domains: problem representation, differential diagnosis with justification, and diagnostic plan with justification. Inter-rater reliability was established in a pilot cohort (n=7 raters) of first-year nephrology fellows using a two-way random effects agreement intraclass correlation coefficient model. The instrument was then administered to a larger cohort of first-year fellows to establish performance standards for coaching using the Hofstee method (n=6 raters).

Results

In the pilot cohort, there were 15 fellows from four training program, and in the study cohort, there were 61 fellows from 20 training programs. The intraclass correlation coefficients for problem representation, differential diagnosis, and diagnostic plan were 0.90, 0.70, and 0.50, respectively. Passing thresholds (% total points) in problem representation, differential diagnosis, and diagnostic plan were 59%, 57%, and 62%, respectively. Fifty-nine percent (n=36) met the threshold for remedial coaching in at least one domain.

Conclusions

We provide validity evidence for a simulated AKI consult for formative assessment of clinical reasoning in nephrology fellows. Most fellows met criteria for coaching in at least one of three reasoning domains, demonstrating a need for learner assessment and instruction in clinical reasoning.
Does the Federal Law Forbidding People under Domestic Violence Restraining Orders from Possessing Firearms Save Lives?
Authors: Lott, Jr. John R. , Moody Carlisle E.
Published: October 2023

The Supreme Court of the United States will hear arguments concerning Federal Law 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(8) which forbids individuals who are under a Domestic Violence Protection Order (DVPO) from possessing firearms. This paper analyzes the potential costs of overturning that law. We estimate a variety of models to determine the effect of the law on domestic murders, domestic femicides, domestic gun murders, and domestic gun femicides. We subject the analysis to a variety of robustness checks. The results are remarkably robust. We find that 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(8) does not significantly reduce domestic murder, domestic femicide, domestic gun murder, or domestic gun femicide.
Slurs in Ordinary Language: Their Properties and Developments
Authors: Tang Lin
Published: October 2023

Slurs are derogatory and offensive linguistic expressions that pose difficulties in the study of names in philosophy of language. Their dual nature as descriptive and expressive has piqued the interest of philosophers working in this field. Philosophers of language, primarily centered on Williamson, have debated the properties, origins, interpretation of slurs, and their implications on philosophical topics such as non-truth-conditional meaning, the semantics-pragmatics interface, and the interplay between descriptiveness and expressiveness. This paper first defines slurs and describes their associated properties before delving into their sources, mechanisms, and functions, with the goal of elucidating current slur developments and providing references for future research on slur phenomena in Eastern Asia.
Status, Experience and Challenges for Promoting Gifted and Talented Students Education Provision in Ilala, Dar es Salaam
Authors: CHRISTABELL IZUNA , OSAKI K. M.
Published: October 2023

It is widely known that learners vary in achievement, ability as well as talent. Interest in gifted and talented learners has a long history. However, in most developing countries, education systems are yet to create a suitable environment to develop and nurture the special talents that some learners have, sometimes due to lack of a proper understanding of the variety of talents available and also lack of resources to support them. Exploring the status, experience, and challenges that the gifted and talented learners of Tanzania experience is not an easy task; considering that the so called gifted and talented are not prioritized in our education system. This study aimed at exploring the criteria for identifying and selecting gifted and talented students in secondary schools, the way they are groomed and challenges they face together with the way forward in addressing those problems in Ilala municipality of Dar es Salaam City. Two selected schools were sampled through purposive sampling and the interview and questionnaire tools were applied in collecting the data from teachers, students, and parents. Quantitative data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistical techniques and thematic analysis was used for analyzing qualitative data. The findings indicated that, learners and teachers lack government support on identification of gifted and talented children. Teaching and learning materials are not sufficient for the students to learn effectively and too few skilled teachers are available to instruct and support talented students. The number of skilled teachers is small compared to the needs of the system and the system does not provide opportunities for the students to display their talents. The study recommends that further studies should be conducted on how to create opportunities, development, and motivation of key talented children education provision for this category of learners. The new Education and Training Policy needs to be reviewed and show plans to accommodate talent and gifted education development in our schools.
A STUDY ON BIPOLAR AFFECTIVE DISORDER SUBJECTS UNDER REMISSION – QUALITY OF SLEEP AND QUALITY OF LIFE
Authors: S Thirumalai , R Ravikumar , M Kathir , SURESH BABU P
Published: October 2023

Aims and Objectives: People affected with bipolar disorder experience sleep disturbances which precedes an episode of depression or mania. The aim of the present study was to assess the quality of sleep and quality of life (QOL) in subjects with euthymic bipolar disorder.
Methods: This was a case–control study conducted between April 2015 and September 2015. All subjects in the age of 18–60 years with bipolar affective disorder (BPAD) under remission for at least 6 months were included as cases and healthy volunteers as controls. Mini-international neuropsychiatric interview plus brief interview, Hamilton depression rating scale and young mania rating scale were used to quantify remission. Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and Epworth sleepiness scale were used to assess quality of sleep and the WHO quality of life brief version (WHOQOL-BREF) scale was used to assess QOL. Descriptive data were given in summary statistics, Student’s t-test to compare means, one-way ANOVA to compare means with variables, Pearson’s test for correlation and Chi-square test for qualitative variables were used. p<0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Fifty patients and 51 volunteers were included in the study. The mean age was 39.62±11.68 years, males and females were equal, most were married (82.17%), 34.65% had completed high school, 47.52% were unskilled workers and 73.27% were in upper lower socioeconomic status. About 95.05% did not had family history of psychiatric illness. Euthymic BPAD patients were more unmarried (p=0.033), more unemployed (p=0.0003), less full-time employees (p=0.0001), had more PSQI global score (p=0.0003) and more Epworth sleepiness scale (p=0.0004) than controls. As the duration of remission increased, sleep dysfunction improved (p=0.009). WHOQOL scores were lower in BPAD patients and overall perception of health was lower (p=0.044). BPAD patients had poor sleep hygiene and watched more television in bed, had more cigarettes and had more coffee than tea.
Conclusion: Patients with BPAD even when in remission had significant sleep disturbances. Sleep hygiene factors have to be modified to improve sleep dysfunction. Psychosocial interventions are needed to achieve better QOL.
EVALUATION OF THYROID PROFILE AND ITS PROGNOSTIC VALUE IN PATIENTS OF ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME
Authors: Thacker Bhavik , Shrimali Lalit , Padhiar Abhishek
Published: October 2023

Objective: The objective of the study is to study the association of thyroid dysfunction with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), its complications and duration of hospital stay.
Methods: This prospective comparative study was done on 100 patients divided equally into ACS patients with control (normal thyroid function) and ACS patients with thyroid dysfunction admitted in a tertiary care center, Udaipur, Rajasthan with ACS during the period of February 2021–July 2022. We studied the prevalence, prognostic factor of thyroid hormone in these patients.
Results: The mean ejection fraction of the control group was 51.16±11.72%, of hypothyroid group was 49.00±13.55% and of hyperthyroid group was 51.12±13.78%. 29 cases of cardiac failures, 38 cases of arrhythmias, and 32 cases of major adverse cardiac events were observed. 56% of patients required thrombolysis, out of which 67.86% were from the subclinical hypothyroid group. The mean hospital stay in control group was 4.53±1.55, in hypothyroid group was 5.27±1.84 and in hyperthyroid group was 7.00±1.92.18% mortality.
Conclusion: Patients with acute myocardial infarction, initially develop alteration in thyroid hormone levels, which is possibly a compensatory mechanism to reduce the metabolic demand of the heart, by reducing myocardium contraction and cardiac output but may cause cardiac failure and higher rates of cardiovascular complications like arrhythmias and death in some of the patients. Thyroid dysfunctions in patients with ACS may also need a longer duration of intensive care and close monitoring during follow-up.
ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR QUALITY CONTROL OF NANOFORMULATIONS-A REVIEW
Authors: K BHAVYASRI , REDDY B ANILA , SUMAKANTH MOGILI
Published: October 2023

There has been a surge in enthusiasm for the creation of innovative medication modes of delivery that utilize nanoparticles in recent years. Nanoparticles provide substantial benefits compared to conventional drug delivery methods with strong stability, specificity, and drug consumption levels. The rate of release, the capacity to use alternative routes of delivery, and the capacity to give off drug compounds that are both hydrophilic and hydrophobic are all advantages. This study concentrates on nanoscale categorization, processing methods, characterization, utilization, and benefits.
ASSOCIATION OF SERUM LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE AND GAMMA-GLUTAMYL TRANSFERASE WITH PRE-ECLAMPSIA
Authors: KUMARI NEETU , SUTHAR NEHA , KAUR JASWANT , DWIVEDI JYOTI , K VYAS R
Published: October 2023

Objectives: Pre-eclampsia produces potentially lethal complications including placental abruption, hepatic failure, acute renal failure, and cardiovascular collapse. The present study was planned to find the association between serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) with pre-eclampsia and compare it with normal healthy control.
Methods: This hospital-based case–control study was conducted in the biochemistry department in collaboration with the Department of Gynaecology, Sardar Patel Medical College, Bikaner (Raj). 50 subjects to find whether there are any changes in the levels of serum LDH and GGT in pre-eclamptic patients (case group) compared to that of 50 normal pregnant women (control group).
Results: The present study has shown statistically significant (p<0.001) increases in serum LDH levels and GGT in pre-eclamptic patients compared to control subjects.
Conclusion: Serum LDH and GGT screening in early pregnancy may be helpful in predicting the occurrence of pre-eclampsia.
DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF ULTRASONOGRAPHY IN TESTICULAR SWELLING
Authors: LK VERMA , SWAIN RAKESH RANJAN , PRADHAN SUBRAT KUMAR
Published: October 2023

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the accuracy of ultrasonography (USG) for the diagnosis of testicular swelling.
Methods: This prospective study has been accompanied for a duration of 6 months from November 2022 to April 2023 at the Department of General Surgery in collaboration with Department of Urology and Department of Radiodiagnosis, LN Medical College and JK Hospital, LNCT, Bhopal, and BhimaBhoi Medical College and Hospital, Balangir. All the study participants were subjected to scrotal USG to examine the scrotal swelling. The subjects who presented with a history of chronic testicular swelling and suspected to have testicular tumor were taken up for surgery. The demographic and clinical details collected on a case record form were entered into Microsoft Excel and subjected to statistical analysis using statistics is a statistical software suite v. 20.0.
Results: Most of the patients presenting with a chronic testicular swelling belonged to the third and fourth decade of life. A majority of these patients (46.2%) were detected with testicular tumors due to the chronicity of the condition. Teratocarcinoma was the highest in the third decade whereas Seminoma was most frequent in the fourth decade. Metastatic testicular swellings were detected only after the sixth decade. Majority of the patients with testicular tumors (83%) has loss of testicular sensations.
Conclusion: Scrotal USG is an easy, non-invasive, and a very accurate diagnostic tool. This simple test which can be affordable to the common mass and available in remote areas is thus encouraged in all cases with scrotal swelling to support the ultimate analysis.
Coimbatore Institute of Technology Campus Navigation System (Version 1.0)
Authors: G Sheryl Sharon , P Rohit Vikaas , A Chanduru , S Barathkumar , P Harsha Vardhan , Mohanapriya Dr. M.
Published: October 2023

Abstract: A campus navigation system is a technology-driven solution designed to assist individuals in navigating through a complex campus environment, such as a university, corporate campus, or large institution. The goal of a campus navigation system is to provide users with accurate and efficient guidance to their desired destinations within the campus, whether indoors or outdoors. Such systems typically leverage a combination of digital maps, real-time data, and user-friendly interfaces to enhance wayfinding and improve the overall navigation experience. It provides an interactive map and search functionality to help users find buildings and locations effortlessly. Custom icons and a feedback mechanism enhance the user experience, making campus navigation more convenient for students, staff, and visitors. This project aims to create a connected and informed campus community.
Blockchain Transaction Analysis
Authors: Balasubramanian Hariprasanna , M Machendra , S Manoj Kumar , S Harish Karthick
Published: October 2023

Abstract: A wide range of industries, including finance, supply chain, healthcare, and more have used blockchain technology. Blockchain technology is the best platform for performing secure and immutable transactions because of its inherent transparency and security. The anonymity connected to blockchain addresses has however also made it a desirable option for illegal activity. The methodology, difficulties, and practical applications of blockchain transaction analysis are examined in detail in this study in the contexts of security, compliance, and forensics
Experimental Study of Reinforced Concrete using red mud and Lime as Partial Replacement to Cement and Bamboo to Steel
Authors: Ramya Boda , Dharmabiksham B.
Published: October 2023

Abstract: Red mud is an industrial waste material generated during production of alumina from bauxite by Bayer process Nowadays, the wastes are not having any industrial applications, so it can be innovatively using these wastes as a raw material in the civil engineering field. Availability of raw material required for manufacturing of cement and production of concrete are limited in nature. So as to overcome this problem it is very much essential to utilize the industrial waste materials and byproducts generated in manufacturing of cement and in concrete construction. Experiments Investigation have been conducted under laboratory condition to assess the strength characteristics of the aluminium red mud. The project work focuses on the suitability of red mud obtained for construction. 5 test groups were constituted with the replacement percentages 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% of red mud and 5% of hydrated lime with cement in each series. To achieve Pozzolanic property of red mud, hydrated lime was added. The job focuses on the practicality of red mud gotten for structure. 5 assessment groups were consisted of with the replacement percents 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% of red mud along with 5% of moisturized lime with concrete in each collection in M20 quality concrete. To acquire Pozzolanic house of red mud, moisturized lime was included. This paper points out another enticing direction for the proper usage of red mud.
Anotaciones iniciales para una reflexión ética sobre la regulación de la Inteligencia Artificial en la Unión Europea
Authors: Piedra Alegría Jonathan
Published: October 2023

Este artículo discute los esfuerzos de la Unión Europea (UE) por crear un marco de gobernanza sobre la inteligencia artificial (IA) y señala que, si bien las propuestas regulatorias son un paso importante, hay grandes espacios de mejora en lo que respecta a cuestiones éticas. Se plantea que el enfoque basado en derechos humanos (DDHH) debe ser el marco regulatorio y protector de todas las personas en relación con la IA, y que la regulación clara y concisa basada en los DDHH no puede ser reemplazada por visiones éticas “light”. Para esto se destaca la importancia de un enfoque regulatorio proactivo por parte de los Estados para crear espacios de reflexión e impacto ético en donde intervengan diferentes voces, al tiempo que se cuestiona la idea de dejar la regulación de la IA en manos de empresas y corporaciones. Finalmente, se subraya la necesidad de un enfoque regulatorio más sólido, basado en los DDHH para abordar los dilemas ético-jurídicos asociados con la IA.
Institutional perspective of change in management accounting system: A case study approach
Authors: Lasyoud Alhashmi Aboubaker , Warsame Mohammed Hersi , Abdalla Yousif Abdelbagi , Gerged Ali Meftah
Published: October 2023

The objective of this study is to examine the drivers of change in the management accounting system in a large manufacturing Libyan-Italian joint-venture public company (LIJV). To achieve this objective, a qualitative case study research is adopted. The research data were gathered by conducting 17 semi-structured interviews with the managers and senior staff of the case company. The data collected from the interviews were supported by documentary reviews and observations. The findings of this study indicate that changes in management accounting systems in the company are attributable to institutional factors, competitive pressures, and market forces. Specifically, isomorphic institutional pressures (i.e., coercive, mimetic, and normative isomorphism forces) appeared to be the main drivers of management accounting system change. These findings are consistent with Zoubi’s (2011) findings. Additionally, our findings reveal that the primary sources of the barriers to management accounting change include: 1) the nation’s regulations and laws, 2) management misconduct and corruption in management and financial activities, and 3) company managers’ resistance. Drawing on the new institutional sociology (NIS) theory, our case findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the change process in management accounting systems by focusing on the role of market pressures, institutional pressures, and intra-organizational power. The contribution of this research is the improved utilization of NIS in explaining the change in management accounting.
Analyzing the Impact of User-Generated and Firm-Generated Content on Online Shopper Behavior in a Developing Market: A Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) Approach
Authors: Abbas Hassan , Barnier Virginie de , Shah Qasim Ali , Waqas Ahmad
Published: October 2023

In the age of digital marketing transformation, online content plays a
pivotal role in shaping consumer behaviors. However, the question of
whether user-generated or firm-generated content holds greater
significance remains unexplored, particularly in developing countries
like Pakistan. This research, conducted with a sample size of 230
respondents, delves into the influence of user-generated content versus
firm-generated content on the perceptions, attitudes, and purchase
intentions of online shoppers in Pakistan. The study adopts the
technology acceptance model (TAM) as its theoretical framework. The
study’s findings reveal that individuals engaged in online shopping do
not differentiate significantly between the two content sources when
assessing perceived utility. Conversely, the research highlights that
user-generated content exerts a notably stronger influence on
individuals’ attitudes towards advertisements and their perceptions of
the company, as compared to content generated by the firm itself.
Intriguingly, the analysis demonstrates that the content source does not
yield a statistically significant impact on shoppers’ purchase
intentions. This paper not only provides practical insights but also
contributes to the theoretical understanding of this subject matter
within the realm of software engineering and digital marketing research.