bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An examination of prospective memory in multiple sclerosis
Authors:   , McKeever Joshua D. , Schultheis Maria Teresa
Published: September 2022

Objective: Prospective Memory (PM) is the ability to complete a task at some specific point in the future without constant rehearsal. PM is noteworthy for the impact it may have on everyday functioning in patient populations, but it is difficult to assess using objective neuropsychological tests, and thus self-report has commonly been used as a measure of PM function. One problem with this method of assessment is the lack of a theoretical basis for current measures, especially in light of the many recent advances toward a theory of PM. Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) are often high-functioning, but 50-72% suffer from some form of cognitive impairment, especially in cognitive domains thought to be essential to PM. The goals of the current study were to a) use a theoretically-based approach to examining PM in the MS population, using objective and subjective measures of PM; and b) assess the usefulness of a novel measure of subjective PM problems (the Prospective Memory Complaints Questionnaire (PMCQ)) in the MS population. Participants: Twenty-seven individuals with MS and twenty healthy controls, matched on distributions of gender, age, and education level. Methods: Participants underwent a series of 3 measures, which included 1) a novel self-report questionnaire (the PMCQ) assessing PM difficulties administered in an interview format; 2) a standardized, objective measure of PM (the MIST); and 3) a theoretically-based experimental PM task (the Complex Prospective Memory (CPM) task). Demographic variables, depression level, fatigue, quality of life, and level of MS symptom severity were also collected. Results: No significant between-group differences were found in performance on any of the objective and subjective measures of PM in the MS vs. HC groups. Within-groups analyses indicated that distinct factors in each group predicted objective PM (MIST) performance, and factors related to the utility of both the CPM task and the PMCQ (and the underlying theoretical model of each) were identified. Discussion: Overall, the current study demonstrated discrepant predictors of PM performance in MS and HCs, despite nonsignificant overall differences in performance when controlling for significant psychosocial and symptom severity factors. While much further research is needed to isolate the factors impacting PM performance in the MS population, the usefulness of a theoretical model of PM was demonstrated, as was the utility of examining PM using both performance-based and self-report measures.
VERİ MADENCİLİĞİNDE İKİ AŞAMALI KÜMELEME İLE İNSANİ GELİŞME ENDEKSİ İNCELEMESİ
Authors: Yavuz Nursefa , Sevuktekın Mustafa
Published: September 2022

Bu çalışmada ulusal düzeyde sosyoekonomik gelişmeyi ölçen ve ekonomiler arasındaki farkları karşılaştıran göstergelerden olan İnsani Gelişme Endeksi ve Cinsiyet Gelişme Endeksi ile ülkelerin gelişim düzeyleri incelenmektedir. Ülkelerin gruplanmasında hangi değişkenlerin etkili olduğu veri madenciliği tekniklerinden biri olan iki aşamalı kümeleme analizi ile araştırılmaktadır. Çalışmada kullanılan verilerin tamamı Birleşmiş Milletler Gelişme Programı(UNDP)’ndan elde edilmektedir. Analizler UNDP tarafından yayımlanan rapordaki 2019 yılına ait 189 ülke için 2268 gözlem ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. İnsani Gelişme Endeksi sonuçlarına göre ülkeler yüksek, orta ve düşük gelişme endeksine sahip ülkeler olmak üzere üç grupta toplanmaktadır. Cinsiyet Gelişme Endeksi sonuçlarına göre ülkeler yüksek, yüksek-orta, orta, orta-düşük ve düşük gelişme endeksine sahip ülkeler olmak üzere beş grupta toplanmaktadır. İnsani Gelişme Endeksi için belirlenen grup sayısının UNDP raporunda açıklanan grup sayısından faklı olduğu, Cinsiyet Gelişme Endeksi’nin grup sayısının rapor ile aynı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Genel olarak sonuçlar, kadınların erkeklere nazaran daha uzun ömürlü olduğunu, kadın ve erkeklerin eğitim seviyelerinin hemen hemen aynı olduğunu, erkeklerin kadınlara göre daha yüksek milli gelire sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Böylece cinsiyet faktörünün gelişme endeksi üzerindeki etkisi ortaya koyulmaktadır.
MOTION CAPTURE TEKNOLOJİSİNİN HAREKETLİ AFİŞLERDE KULLANIMINA ÖRNEK BİR ÇALIŞMA
Authors: Özkirişçi İbrahim Halil
Published: September 2022

Bu araştırmada, günümüz görsel iletişim tasarımında sıklıkla kullanılan hareketli afiş tasarımı, kronolojik ve teorik anlamda incelenmektedir. Edinilen veriler ışığında motion capture (hareket yakalama) teknolojisi kullanılarak bir hareketli afiş çalışması ortaya konulmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, öncelikle hareket yakalama teknolojilerinin tarihi, kullanım alanları ve çalışma prensipleri incelenmektedir. Hareketli imgelerin görsel sanatlardaki yerinin anlaşılması, çalışmanın teorik altyapısını oluşturacağı düşünülerek bu işbirliğinden doğan öncül çalışmalar incelenmektedir. Çağdaş grafik tasarımında hareketli grafik tasarımın yeri ve önemi araştırılarak bu disiplinin içinde hareketli afişlerin kullanım alanları ve önemli örneklerine yer verilmektedir. Kazanılan teorik ve teknik bilgilerin pratiğe dökülmesi amacıyla Samuel Beckett’in Godot’yu Beklerken isimli absürt tiyatro metni üzerinden hareketli afiş çalışması gerçekleştirilmektedir. Metin, dramaturjik anlamda incelenerek afişe konu olabilecek imgeler üzerinde düşünülerek önce eskiz aşamasına daha sonra hareketli afiş kurgusuna geçilmektedir. Bu aşamada Rokoko isimli, işaretleyici tabanlı bir teknoloji yardımıyla hareket aktarımı sağlanmaktadır. Elde edilen veriler, modelleme, iskelet sisteminin oluşturulması, dokulama ve ışıklandırma aşamaları için 3D Studio Max isimli yazılıma aktarılmaktadır. Üretilen sahne render alınarak hareketli afişin kurgusu, ses efektleri ve renk düzenlemesi yapılmak üzere After Effects isimli yazılıma iletilerek üretim süreci tamamlanmaktadır. Bu çalışma, hareketli imge tasarımını kronolojik anlamda, kullanılan teknolojileri ise teknik anlamda analiz ederek, üretim sürecindeki aşamaları ve tecrübe edinilen deneyimleri kaleme almaktadır.
ATTITUDES OF HIGHER EDUCATION STUDENTS ABOUT THE USE OF DISTANCE EDUCATION ENVIRONMENTS DURING THE COVID-19 OUTBREAK PROCESS
Authors: Kaya Mehmet
Published: September 2022

The aim of this research is to examine the attitudes of students studying in undergraduate departments of universities towards the use of distance education environments due to the COVID-19 epidemic detected in the city of Wuhan, Hubei province of the People's Republic of China. The method of the research; mixed method. The population of the research consists of 152 undergraduate students. Data collection tools of the research; the first vehicle; "Attitude scale regarding the use of distance education environments in the pandemic process" is the second tool in the research; it consists of a semi-structured interview form prepared by the researcher. Analysis of data; the data were analyzed in two ways. Firstly, ward technique, one of the hierarchical clustering analysis methods, was used and square Euclidean distance was chosen as a distance measure. Differences in attitudes towards the use of distance education environments according to ward's cluster analysis technique; it is classified into three clusters: Effectiveness and Satisfaction, Motivation and Dissatisfaction. After the classification, a random semi-structured interview form was applied to two students in each cluster formed. As a result; it has been concluded that students have positive and negative opinions about distance education activities.
Mortalidade por suicídio em adolescentes, adultos e idosos, nas regiões do Brasil, entre 1996 e 2016
Authors: Confortin Susana Cararo , Andrade Selma Regina de , Ferreira Alexandra , Schmitt Márcia Danieli , Meneghini Vandrize , Barbosa Aline Rodrigues
Published: September 2022

Objetivo: Verificar a tendência da taxa de mortalidade por suicídio em adolescentes, adultos e idosos, nas Regiões do Brasil, entre 1996 e 2016. Métodos: Estudo de séries temporais, incluindo óbitos por suicídio de adolescentes, adultos e idosos. Foram utilizados dados secundários, disponibilizados pelo Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade e pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. A análise de regressão linear segmentada foi adotada para calcular a variação anual percentual e alterações significativas na tendência. Resultados: Entre 1996 e 2016 ocorreram 195.440 óbitos por suicídio no Brasil. Houve aumento significativo na taxa de mortalidade por suicídio na região Nordeste em adolescentes e adultos do sexo feminino. As taxas aumentaram no Nordeste e reduziram significativamente no Sudeste e Sul para as idosas. O sexo masculino apresentou aumento da taxa de mortalidade por suicídio nas regiões Norte, Nordeste e Centro-Oeste para os adolescentes; aumento nas regiões Norte e Nordeste e, redução significativa da taxa na região Sul para os adultos. Para os idosos, houve aumento na região Norte e redução significativa da taxa na região Sul. Conclusão: Observou-se diferentes taxas de mortalidade por suicídio entre regiões, sexos e grupos etários.
Um mecanismo de recuperação da aprendizagem com foco no conteúdo não assimilado por estudante
Authors: Naka Marco Hiroshi , Vasconcelos Gláucia Lima , Gonçalves Ariadne Barbosa
Published: September 2022

In this work, a way of evaluation of recovery focused on the not assimilated content is presented. On this manner, only the contents that were not assimilated by the student would be applied in the test of recovery. The elaboration of the recovery test is done by each student should solve only the questions associated with the not assimilate contents. The evaluation method of recovery was compared with other methods and it was noticed a decrease in the grade repetition. On the other hand, it was perceived that the main motivation is still the approval and not the recovery of contents. Because when the student reaches the grade necessary for approval, he does not care in recovery the contents. Thus, it is still necessary to think about ways to change the culture that the student brings with himself, where the worry is on the approval and not on the assimilation of contents.
Caffeic Acid Inhibits Swelling, Bone Loss, and Osteoclastogenesis in Adjuvant-induced Arthritis Rats
Authors: Sandra Ferry , Rizal Muhammad Ihsan , Dewi Nurrani Mustika , Kukita Toshio
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND: Increase in inflammatory cytokine levels promotes pathological osteoclast differentiation. Caffeic acid has anti-inflammatory properties and can inhibit osteoclast bone resorption. In vitro studies have reported the ability of caffeic acid in inhibiting osteoclastogenesis pathways, however the in vivo study is rarely conducted. The aim of this study is to examine the role of caffeic acid in reducing inflammation and inhibiting osteoclastogenesis in Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis (AIA) rats.METHODS: Rats were injected with Freund’s Complete Adjuvant (CFA) and mineral oil. One day after injection, various concentration (0, 5, 25, 125 mg) of caffeic acid were given gastro-intestinally. Swelling degree in rats’ ankle joints was determined by measuring height and width of each ankle joint. Bone loss level was examined with soft X-ray, and then bone density was calculated. To examine osteoclastogenesis, ankle joints were stained with Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase (TRAP) and evaluated microscopically. RESULTS: Ankle joints of AIA rats had severe swelling before treated, yet the swelling was reduced based on concentration-dependent after receiving caffeic acid. Severe bone loss in AIA rats’ ankle joints were also observed, however the treatment of 125 mg caffeic acid showed remarkable inhibition effect toward rats’ bone loss. Osteoclastogenesis in AIA rats’ ankle joints were higher than the normal ones, as indicated with high TRAP-positive Multinucleated Cells (MNCs). But low number of TRAP-positive MNCs was observed in ankle joint of AIA rats that received 125 mg caffeic acid.CONCLUSION: Administration of caffeic acid can reduce the degree of swallowing, inhibit bone loss, and inhibit osteoclastogenesis in ankle joint of arthritis-induced rats.KEYWORDS: caffeic acid, osteoclastogenesis, bone loss, swelling, inflammation, RANKL, TNF-α
Entre la inmanencia y la "cosa misma": en torno a la quinta investigación lógica de Husserl (continuación)
Authors: Rizo-Patrón Rosemary
Published: September 2022

Entre los múltiples temas de la fenomenología, el de la intencionalidad es un concepto clave que permite tentar una interpretación del significado del pensamiento husserliano respecto de su difícil relación con la modernidad y de su puesto en la filosofía contemporánea. La presente contribución sigue las huellas de ese concepto en la obra temprana de Edmund Husserl. Paralelamente, aborda la posición de Husserl respecto de la equívoca noción de "conciencia" o "subjetividad" la que, siguiendo ciertas concepciones de la modernidad, se venía entendiendo hacia fines del siglo XlX como "inmanencia" o "presencia a sí". Algunos textos tempranos de Husserl son puestos en relación con la primera edición de su "Quinta Investigación Lógica" (1901), por ser éste el "lugar" en el que se halla expuesta, de modo quizás privilegiado, la tensión husserliana entre la "tradición" y la "cosa misma"
El fundamento de los derechos humanos en Bartolome de las Casas
Authors: Beuchot Mauricio
Published: September 2022

El autor intenta mostrar que en la filosofía cristiana de Bartolomé de las Casas sobresalen la afirmación de la dignidad del hombre y la fundamentación que en ella reciben los derechosnaturales o humanos. Las Casas reconoce esa dignidad en los indios tanto por motivos escolásticos como renacentistas y toda su labor en la defensa de los derechos de los indios y de los españoles era en realidad una labor dedicada a la teorización y defensa práctica de los derechos del hombre. Lo que ahora llamamos "derechos humanos" son para Las Casas derechos naturales de todos los hombresy, pese a las limitaciones "ideológicas" que leimponía su época,la fuerza con que los defendióy promovió sigue siendo un ejemplo para el presente.
Comunidades de significación como capacidades colectivas. Una revisión comunitarista de la teoría de Amartya Sen
Authors: Reyes Morel Agustín
Published: September 2022

El Enfoque de las Capacidades de Sen se distingue en el terreno de la justicia distributiva porque ha intentado establecer criterios evaluativos que superen el atomismo de las teorías utilitaristas. Pero algunos pensadores críticos han señalado que el Enfoque aún mantiene una impronta individualista que limita su alcance a la hora de implementar políticas públicas tendientes a transformar estructuras injustas. Para estos críticos, los conceptos básicos de Sen deben complementarse con una noción de capacidad colectiva o común, irreductible a términos individuales, que permita dar cuenta de los procesos intersubjetivos del desarrollo de la agencia y de la constitución de la identidad personal. En este artículo se analizarán algunas críticas comunitaristas al Enfoque y se intentará postular un candidato plausible a capacidad colectiva, que respete el núcleo vivo de los comentarios y que mantenga los conceptos de capacidad y de agencia centrales en la teoría de Sen.---“Communities of Meaning as Collective Capabilities. A Communitarian Revision of Amartya Sen’s Theory”. Sen’s Capability Approach it is distinguished in the field of the distributive justice, because It has tried to set evaluatives terms that exceed the atomism of the Utilitarian theories. But some critical thinkers have pointed out that the Approach still keep an individualistic style that restrict its impact at the moment of implementing public policies. For these critics, Sen’s basic concepts must be complemented with the idea of collective capability, irreducible to indivudual terms, that allows to account to the intersubjective process of agency and the personal identity constitution. This paper will attempt to present a plausible candidate to the collective capability, that respects the live core of the communitarian comments and that keeps the capability and agency concepts, which are fundamental in Sen’s theory.
De la crisis de la comunidad a la comunidad de la crisis. Algunas paradojas del estar en común
Authors: Pérez Bernal Ángeles Ma. del Rosario , Bacarlett María Luisa
Published: September 2022

En el presente artículo se hace un recorrido por la idea de comunidada través de algunos pensadores contemporáneos que han tratado de repensar el estar en común asumiendo algunas de sus paradojas. Para autores como Roberto Esposito, Jean-Luc Nancy y Giorgio Agamben, pensar “la comunidad” implica reflexionarla a partir de las paradojas y contrasentidos que contiene, tanto anivel conceptual como a nivel de la realidad cotidiana. La paradoja central que resume tales contrasentidos es la que afirma que la comunidad es realizable solo en la medida en que no lo es. Cercana a la paradoja de Russell, tal aporía nospermite reconocer la diferencia entre una comunidad que se hace cargo de sus contrasentidos e incoherencias, la comunidad de la crisis, y otra que al concebirse en términos unívocos y absolutos, es decir, que no se hace cargo de sus antinomias y contradicciones, nos lleva a lo que hemos llamado crisis de la comunidad.
Towards the Nano-future to Deal with Metal and Metalloid Contamination
Authors: Srivastava Sudhakar , Dhankher Om P. , Tripathi Rudra D.
Published: September 2022

The widespread occurrence of metal and metalloid in water resources and crop plants beyond the maximum permissible limits is a concerning issue for environmental and human health. There is a need to develop efficient, low-cost methods for the clean-up of water to ensure a safe drinking water supply. Further, the methods should be robust enough to clean up contaminated groundwater resources and prevent continuing metal(loid) build-up in soil. In addition, the existing metal(loid) contamination of soil also needs remediation through suitable technologies to avoid metal(loid) accumulation in crop plants. There has been a plethora of research on metal(loid) remediation, and a number of physical, chemical, and biological methods have been developed. The world today, however, is focused on and is marching rapidly towards the methods based on nanoparticles (NPs). This is because NPs are extremely effective in the remediation process, can be used easily in various forms and proportions, and have low-cost considering their lifetime and multiple cycle use. Nanoparticles can adsorb metal(loids) in soil and reduce their bioavailable levels to the crop plants. Further, the application of NPs in fields has been found to positively stimulate plants' growth and augment tolerance of plants to a variety of stresses. Further, NPS-based clean-up methods, columns and filters have been developed for contaminated water. Therefore, the nanoremediation of metal(loids) holds promise and this review article discusses the pros and cons of this.
The Foliar Fungal Pathogenic Metabolites as Promising Alternatives to Chemical Herbicides: Recent Developments, Future Perspective and Commercialization
Authors: Singh Ajay Kumar , Pandey Akhilesh Kumar
Published: September 2022

Weeds harbour wide variety of microorganisms having beneficial, neutral and phytopathogenic effects. Weed microbiome discoveries could fuel progress in sustainable agriculture, such as the development of microbial herbicide products. Weed infecting phytopathogenic living fungal cells (mycelia or spores) and their natural products have been studied as producers of mycoherbicides. The application of biological and biochemical (natural or biorational) herbicides based on specific weed pathogens and natural products, respectively, is believed to assist the decreasing harmful impact of the chemicals. Cell free broth of several plant pathogenic fungi have been enthusiastically investigated for substitutes of synthetic agrochemicals against weeds. However, all such studies conducted on pure compound with high purity which have limitations due to high costs. It was found that herbicide in cell-free culture broth of fungi were largely composed of various nature of different metabolites with the ratio varying with culture time. Crude broth in a form of cell-free culture broth showed high herbicidal activity against weeds. So, cell-free culture broth as a crude product could be serve as a potential cost-effective and environmental-friendly herbicide in agriculture. The application of mycometabolites in agricultural weed management are safer to the user and the environment. They were formulated and applied in the same manner as chemical herbicides. This review aims at summarizing the studies on the application of mycometabolites as a lucrative, novel source of secondary herbicidal compounds for management of weeds. More effort should be expended in this area of research in the future, despite the obstacles that exist.
Biodeterioration Activity of Lichens Communities on Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka World Heritage Zone, Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: Bajpai Aahuti . , Mishra Gaurav K. , Upreti D. K. , Tandon P. K.
Published: September 2022

The study deals with lichen diversity on monuments of Bhimbetka rock shelters at Raisen district of Madhya Pradesh. The micro-climatic conditions of the monuments provide excellent habitat for lichens to colonize. A total of 40 species of lichens belonging to 10 lichen communities exhibit their occurrence on the rock shelters. The crustose and squamulose lichen communities with 21 species exhibit their dominance followed by eight Physioid and seven Teloschistacean communities. The ecology of lichen communities colonizing Bhimbetka rock shelters together with their deteriorating and bioprotecting role is also discussed.
Impact of Temperature Regimes on the Growth and Development of Cryptolaemus montrouzieri on Planococcus citri in Guava
Authors: Loveson Allwin , Cinnasamy Durairaj
Published: September 2022

Under laboratory condition the developmental periods of Cryptolaemus montrouzieri was reduced to an extent of 22.7 days at 35°C when fed with Planococcus citri while it was maximum (39.0 days) at 20°C. The adult longevity ranged from 47.4 to 51.2 days at 25°C and was less (37.6 days) at 35°C for both the sexes. The number of eggs laid per female (328.5) and feeding potential (182.6 nos) were maximum at 30°C than at 20°C and 35°C.
Management strategies in acute traumatic spinal cord injury: a narrative review
Authors: Crozier-Shaw Geoff , Denton Hazel , Morris Seamus
Published: September 2022

Worldwide, spinal cord injury (SCI) affects around 500,000 people each year and results in significant morbidity. The primary insult to the spinal cord occurs at the time of the initial injury, which may result from a contusion, laceration or more rarely a transection. Secondary damage in SCI is more insidious and subacute; it is the result of a combination of an inflammatory response, vascular changes and ionic dysregulation. Early clinical intervention is vital after the acute, primary insult to ensure the best possible outcomes for these patients. Current evidence on the demographics and mechanisms, underlying basic science and management strategies of spinal cord injuries are outlined.
Moving Object Detection Based on a Combination of Kalman Filter and Median Filtering
Authors: Kalita Diana , Lyakhov Pavel
Published: September 2022

The task of determining the distance from one object to another is one of the important tasks solved in robotics systems. Conventional algorithms rely on an iterative process of predicting distance estimates, which results in an increased computational burden. Algorithms used in robotic systems should require minimal time costs, as well as be resistant to the presence of noise. To solve these problems, the paper proposes an algorithm for Kalman combination filtering with a Goldschmidt divisor and a median filter. Software simulation showed an increase in the accuracy of predicting the estimate of the developed algorithm in comparison with the traditional filtering algorithm, as well as an increase in the speed of the algorithm. The results obtained can be effectively applied in various computer vision systems.
Prevalence of Malnutrition in Eastern Mediterranean Hospitals: Protocol of a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Anari Razieh , Nikooyeh Bahareh , Mohseni Houra , Neyestani Tirang Reza
Published: September 2022

Background: Malnutrition has negative consequences in hospitals, like poor disease recovery, increased mortality, length of hospitalization, readmission, and health care costs.Aims: This review was designed to determine malnutrition prevalence in hospitals located in eastern Mediterranean region (EMR).Study design: To conduct this systematic review, papers, including original articles, related references and conference proceedings on the prevalence of malnutrition in adult hospitalized patients published in international journals and scientific databases from 1 Jan 2017 to 31 Jan 2022 will be included. The following keywords and their alternatives will be used in the literature search: malnutrition, patient, and EMR. The protocol has been registered at PROSPERO (code: CRD42022339426).Methods: After initial screening based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, the full text articles will be read carefully and eligible documents will be selected according to the defined objectives. Afterward, the selected papers will be reviewed for methodological quality and the required information will be extracted. Finally, in case of sufficient data, a meta-analysis will be performed. Screening, selection, quality assessment, and data extraction will be done by at least two independent reviewers.Results: This review is ongoing and will be completed until the end of year 2023.Conclusion: This review aims to provide comprehensive evidence about the prevalence of malnutrition among adult inpatients in EMR hospitals. This can provide regional authorities, health managers and policy makers good information regarding current status to make appropriate decisions for promoting the health status in hospitals.
A Generalized Model for Pricing Financial Derivatives Consistent with Efficient Markets Hypothesis – A Refinement of the Black-Scholes Model
Authors: Lindgren Jussi
Published: September 2022

This research article provides criticism and arguments why the canonical framework for derivatives pricing is incomplete and why the delta-hedging approach is not appropriate. An argument is put forward, based on the efficient market hypothesis, why a proper risk-adjusted discount rate should enter into the Black-Scholes model instead of the risk-free rate. The resulting pricing equation for derivatives and in particular the formula for European call options is then shown to depend explicitly on the drift of the underlying asset, which is following a geometric Brownian motion. It is conjectured that with the generalized model, the predicted results by the model could be closer to real data. The adjusted pricing model could partly also explain the mystery of volatility smile. The present model also provides answers to many finance professionals and academics who have been intrigued by the risk-neutral features of the original Black-Scholes pricing framework. The model provides generally different fair values for financial derivatives compared to the Black-Scholes model. In particular, the present model predicts that the original Black-Scholes model tends to undervalue for example European call options.
Determinants of Parents’ Motive to Vaccinate their 12–17 Years Old Children against COVID-19 in North Kivu (DRC)
Authors: Mustafa Stephane Hans Bateyi , Nzaji Michel Kabamba , O Rosebella Onyango
Published: September 2022

Background: Vaccinating children against COVID-19 is an essential public health strategy in order to reach herd immunity and prevent illness among children and adults. Parents are facing tremendous stress in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic and the effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccination program for children. In this study, we aimed to investigate parents’ willingness to vaccinate their children against COVID-19 in North Kivu province (DRC). Methods: A cross-sectional survey between December 01, 2021 to January 20, 2022 in 6 health zones (Goma, Karisimbi, Butembo, Beni, Kamango and Katwa) was conducted in the province of North Kivu. In each health zone, we selected 5 clusters (Health area) using the method of probabilistic selection proportional to population size. In total, 522 parents participated in our study. Results: Overall, 32.8% of parents intended to vaccinate their children. In the multivariate analysis, younger age of parents (aOR : 2.40, CI : [1.50-3.83]), higher level of fear that “a member of my family” could contract COVID-19 (aOR : 2.35, CI : [1.38-4.02]), higher level of perceived vulnerability to COVID-19 within the family (aOR : 1.70, CI : [1.005-2.2881]), higher level of perceived susceptibility to COVID-19 within the family (aOR : 3.07, CI : [1.80-5.23]), and history of vaccination against COVID-19 among parents (aOR : 16.47, CI : [8.39-32.33]), were significantly associated with the intention to have their children or adolescents vaccinated. Conclusion: Willingness of parents to vaccinate their children against the COVID-19 vaccination was low in North Kivu. There is undeniably in this region a need to reinsure the populations about vaccine safety for both children and adults. Public health authorities should also address widespread misinformation about vaccines in a timely manner.
Application of CRISPR-Cas9-Mediated Gene Editing for Abiotic Stress Management in Crop Plants
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Prusty Manas Ranjan , Pandey Manish K. , Singh Prashant Kumar , Guo Baozhu , Varshney Rajeev K.
Published: September 2022

Abiotic stresses, including drought, salinity, cold, heat, and heavy metals, extensively reduce global agricultural production. Approaches such as conventional breeding and transgenic breeding have been widely used to cope with these environmental stresses. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat- Cas (CRISPR/Cas) based gene-editing tool has revolutionized due to its simplicity, accessibility, adaptability, flexibility, and wide applicability. This system has a great potential to build up crop varieties with enhanced tolerance against abiotic stresses. In this review, we summarize the most recent findings on understanding the mechanism of abiotic stress response in plants and the application of CRISPR/Cas mediated gene-editing system towards enhanced tolerance to drought, salinity, cold, heat, and heavy metals stresses. Furthermore, in this review, we highlighted the recent advancements in prime editing and base editing tools for crop improvement.
Promoting Circular Waterway Transport System for Recreational Water Environments and Integrated Urban Transportation Systems in Rajshahi City, Bangladesh
Authors: Das Anutosh , Haque Shajibul
Published: September 2022

Rajshahi, blessed by the geographical advantage provided by the river Padma, is a beautiful and one of the cleanest cities in Bangladesh. It presents a spectacular image and stunning sight to its residents. But Rapid urbanization created immense pressure on the infrastructures and cityscape by rescinding most of the natural assets and scenic beauty it possessed historically. The growing pressure of population influx accompanied by unplanned urbanization threatens the survival of its waterbodies, wetlands, and greeneries, which many other contemporary cities strive to achieve with hard-hearted planning measures. Moreover, the city suffers from inadequate provision of quality outdoor recreational facilities. Yet because of the verdant resources, it still can set an example of becoming green and fluid landscape. There are scopes to connect the city people to the urban landscape and blue-green infrastructures by applying proper planning and urban design techniques. For example, it can explore the potential and scope of a water-based transportation system to create outdoor recreation space for city dwellers as well as a transport mode in the city. This SECTION discusses the prospects and potential of enhancing recreational aspects of Circular Inland Waterways. It also analyzes the benefits of a network of waterways well-connected and integrated with the existing conventional transportation system to reduce pressure on land transport and promote a sustainable system. This research was conducted in two phases each involving a distinct approach. The first one was a macroscopic approach to probe the potential of the water transport system in Rajshahi city. The required data on traffic volume, traffic growth rate, roads and existing waterbodies were collected, and GIS and Remote Sensing tools were used to find the scope of waterway transport around Rajshahi City. In the second approach, a detailed design was proposed for a potential circular waterway network in the city. Results indicate that there is a huge prospect for introducing a circular waterway transport system around Rajshahi city to create a place of fluid landscape and minimize the pressure on the existing land transportation system.
Sub-axillary cosmetic incision VS single-incision thoracoscopic surgery for primary spontaneous pneumothorax
Authors: Zheng Yuan-Liang , Huang Ri-Sheng
Published: September 2022

Background

Recently, single-incision thoracoscopic surgery (SITS) has gained attention as an optimal treatment for the primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP). However, most SITS techniques use in the fourth to sixth intercostal space between the anterior axillary and mid axillary lines. To find out more concealed incisions, this study performed PSP surgery with the sub-axillary cosmetic incision (SACI) technique.

Methods

A total of 128 patients with PSP underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) at our institution between January 2017 and January 2019. These patients were evaluated and divided into SACI (n = 21) and SITS group (n = 57). Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed based on the patient’s backgrounds, and the enrolled cohort was divided into 21 pairs. The incision satisfaction was analyzed at 2 weeks and 6 months post-surgery.

Results

Twenty-one pairs with baseline characteristics matched into the two groups had no significant differences in their backgrounds and surgical results. However, the operation time was longer in the SACI group than in the SITS group (p = 0.013). There were no post-operative complications found in both groups. The incision satisfaction score in the SACI group was lower than the SITS group at 2 weeks and 6 months, and the difference was statistically significant (respectively, p = 0.022 and p = 0.039). There were no recurrences of ipsilateral pneumothorax in both groups.

Conclusions

SACI is a safe and feasible surgical method for the treatment of PSP. In addition, incision concealment can be used based on the choice for patients with incision needs.
A Novel Approach in Cloud based IoT Devices using Rough Set Method for Ensuring Security
Authors: M.R Sheeba , G Suganthi
Published: September 2022

The quick development and reception of Internet of Things (IoT) innovations in areas of life are challenged by the assets compelled IoT gadgets. Be that as it may, because of the absence of adequate registering and capacity assets devoted to the handling and capacity of tremendous volumes of the IoT information, it will in general take on a cloud-based architecture to resolve the issues of resource limitations. Consequently, a progression of challenging security and privacy concerns have emerged in the cloud-based IoT context. In this paper, a novel structure for the security and privacy of cloud administrations is proposed. This structure essentially dependent on the working of a rough Set Method for guaranteeing security while information sharing in cloud IoT (RSM-CIoTD). The proposed RSM-CIoTD conspire guarantees secure communication between the user and cloud service provider (CSP) in a cloud based IoT. To manage unapproved users, a RSM-CIoTD conspire utilizes a registered authority (RA) which plays out a two-degree confirmation between the network substances before information sharing. The security and privacy appraisal technique utilizes minimum and maximum trust upsides of past communication. The experiments led utilizing an integrated dataset of security show that our proposed system can productively and safely store the cloud service while outperforming other security methods.
Medium Term Study of Incidence, Risk Factors and Type of Stroke in Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Han Chao , Li Xiao-yu , Zou Ji-ming
Published: September 2022

Our study aimed to investigate the incidence and risk factors of stroke in hypertension patients over 60 years of age, and to investigate the correlation. A retrospective analysis of 454 hypertension patients who were diagnosed through examination were divided into 4 groups, of which included group A (hypertension plus type 2 diabetes) were 4 cases, group B (hypertension plus hyperlipidemia) were 367 cases, group C (hypertension plus type 2 diabetes and hyperlipidemia) were 47 cases, and group D (hypertension) were 36cases. Every patient was given observation after definite diagnosis and treatment of 54 months, and to investigate the incidence of acute cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage. There were 44 patients occurred acute cerebral infarction in all 4 groups. Of these cases, there were 1 case in group A, 31 cases in group B,10 cases in group C and 2 cases in group D. In group B, 3 cases occurred cerebral hemorrhage. Logistic regression analysis showed systolic blood pressure (OR = 1.106, P = 0.001), fasting glucose (OR = 2.059, P = 0.000) and low-density lipoprotein chelesterol (LDL-C) (OR = 0.104, P = 0.025) were risk factors for stroke. Higher levels of blood glucose and/or blood lipid associate with higher risk of stroke in patients with hypertension.
Clinical application of Headache Impact test (HIT)-6 and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) for sleep apnea headache
Authors: Tabata Hiromitsu , Kinoshita Masako , Taniguchi Mitsutaka , Ooi Motoharu
Published: September 2022

Background
Sleep apnea headache is a major symptom accompanying obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), but relatively little evidence has been reported on the magnitude of its negative effects on patients or the evaluation of therapeutic effects. We quantitatively assessed sleep apnea headache using the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) and headache impact test (HIT)-6.
Methods
The first part of this study enrolled 86 patients (72 male; mean [± standard deviation] age 53.2 ± 13.8 years) who had been diagnosed with OSA by polysomnography in our sleep center and investigated the prevalence and characteristics of sleep apnea headache. The second part enrolled 21 patients (12 male; mean age, 47.5 ± 13.0 years) diagnosed with sleep apnea headache by polysomnography and/or peripheral arterial tonometry and evaluated the effects of OSA therapy on headache. Medical records including ESS, HIT-6, and polysomnographic data were retrospectively analyzed.
Results
The prevalence of sleep apnea headache among OSA patients was 22.1%, and was higher in female (50.0%) than in male (16.7%). The proportion of N3 and HIT-6 score showed a significant negative correlation (Pearson’s R = -0.51, p < 0.05). In female, median apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was significantly lower in patients with headache (26.1 /h [interquartile range 21.4–29.6 /h]) than in patients without (54.2 /h [41.3–73.9 /h], p < 0.05, Wilcoxon rank-sum test). HIT-6 and ESS scores improved from 56.4 ± 9.7 to 45.9 ± 8.4 and from 9.0 ± 4.4 to 5.3 ± 4.2 in patients with oral appliance (OA), and from 54.3 ± 10.7 to 44.6 ± 6.1 and from 10.0 ± 4.0 to 4.9 ± 2.9 with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). In patients with good CPAP adherence, these scores improved from 58.1 ± 10.8 to 44.0 ± 6.0 and from 9.6 ± 3.8 to 3.6 ± 1.7.
Conclusion
Among patients with OSA, prevalence of sleep apnea headache was higher in female than in male. In female, headache was associated with relatively mild OSA. OA showed substantial effects on headache in mild to moderate OSA patients. CPAP adherence was important for improving the headache. HIT-6 score appears useful for the diagnosis and management of sleep apnea headache.
Isolation, characterization, and genome analysis of vB_SenS_TUMS_E19, a polyvalent bacteriophage against Salmonella enteritidis
Authors: Torkashvand Narges , Kamyab Haniyeh , Shahverdi Ahmad Reza , Khoshayand Mohammad Reza , Sepehrizadeh Zargham
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Aims: Salmonellosis is a critical, common infectious disease afflicting people and animals alike, that is caused by Salmonellabacteria. With bacteria showing resistance to antibiotics, new methods should be introduced to prevent and treat this disease. To that end, bacteriophages are promising choices.
Methods and Results: In this study, phage vB_SenS_TUMS_E19 (E19) was isolated from poultry wastewater against Salmonella enteritidis. Phage characteristics, including plaque formation, transmission electron microscopy, structural protein profile, host range, growth curve, pH and temperature stability were determined. The extracted genome was sequenced, and annotated using standard bioinformatics tools. Average Nucleotide Identity (ANI) and phylogeny were used to compare the phage genome with other Salmonella phages. Following morphological analysis, phage E19 turned out to belong to the Siphoviridae family. It worked on various strains of Salmonella but had no effect on bacteria of other genera. The burst size was approximately 156 plaque-forming units per cell (PFU per cell) and phage was stable at different temperatures as well as pH values. The genome of E19 is a linear dsDNA molecule of 42,813 bp whose G+C content stands at 49.8%. Out of 62 detected putative protein-coding genes, only 44 gene products with known functions were found in database searches. Neither tRNA genes nor genes associated with antibiotic resistance, virulence factor, and lysogeny formation were detected in the genome.
Conclusion: The E19 showed lytic activity against some Salmonella enterica serovars and Salmonella pullorum. Genome-based studies exhibited the absence of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes, indicating the safety of this phage for environmental and clinical applications.
Significance and Impact of the Study: The findings indicate that the lytic polyvalent E19 is an antibacterial agent that could control Salmonella in food samples and helps with Salmonellosis prevention and treatment.
A new method for motion accuracy allocation of mechanical transmission system based on interval intuitionistic trapezoidal fuzzy number and Meta-action theory
Authors: LI JIAN , Li Caihong , Du Yanbin , Ran Yan , Mu Zongyi
Published: September 2022

There are two problems in the traditional motion accuracy allocation process of mechanical transmission system: one is the error modeling process can not reflect the error formation mechanism of the system; the other is the influence of maintenance cost is ignored in the process of establishing the optimal allocation model of motion accuracy. Therefore, the meta-action theory is introduced in this paper and the meta-action unit is taken as the basic analysis unit, the error modeling of the mechanical transmission system is studied and the formation mechanism of the motion error is correctly analyzed. The factors of part manufacturing cost, assembly cost and maintenance cost of unit are comprehensively considered, and the comprehensive cost of mechanical transmission system is accurately evaluated by using multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) method. Then, based on the motion error model of mechanical transmission system, a multi-objective optimal allocation model of motion accuracy is established. The Pareto non-dominated solution set is solved by intelligent algorithm, and the optimal solution is selected by fuzzy set method to realize the allocation of motion accuracy of mechanical transmission system. Finally, the method described in this paper is illustrated by an engineering example.
The Brazilian PHC response to the COVID-19 pandemic: individual and collective comprehensiveness and performance profiles
Authors: Bousquat Aylene , Giovanella Ligia , Facchini Luiz Augusto , de Mendonça Maria Helena Magalhães , Nedel Fulvio Borges , Cury Geraldo , Mota Paulo Henrique dos Santos , Schenkman Simone , Chueiri Patricia Sampaio , Alves Maria Cecília Goi Porto
Published: September 2022

Background
Brazil has more than 33,000 primary health care facilities (PHCF) which could have played an important role in the fight against the COVID. Brazilian primary health care(PHC) should deal with the following axes to reduce the impact of COVID-19 on health needs: COVID-19 treatment; health surveillance; continuity of care; and social support. This article aims to analyze the performance profile of PHC during the pandemic in the five Brazilian macroregions.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was carried out as a survey format, using probability sampling of PHCF. A Composite Index was created, the Covid PHC Index(CPI). The process of creating the CPI started with the selection of the 59 most relevant questions, which were aggregated into 26 variables distributed in axes. CPI with a value equal to 100 would represent a more complete performance of the PHCF. Factor analysis revealed that the axes that encompass collective actions (Health Surveillance and Social Support) behaved in a similar manner and in contrast to those focused on individual actions (COVID-19 Treatment and Continuity of Care). Differences in the distributions of CPI components between macroregions were verified. Associations between the CPI and socioeconomic, political and health indicators of the PHCF localities were also verified.
Results
907 PHCFs participated in the survey. The PCI and its axes didn’t exceed 70, with the highest value being observed in the surveillance axis(70) and the lowest in the social support axis(59). When analyzing the dimension that articulates the practices more focused on individual care (Continuity of Care and COVID-19 Treatment), a greater value is observed in the units of the South region, when compared to those of the Northeast, and the relationship is exactly the opposite in the Collective Dimension. PHCF with the highest CPI belong to municipalities with the lowest MHDI, GDP per capita, population, number of hospitals, and ICU beds.
Conclusions
The two observed performance profiles, with different emphasis on the individual and collective dimensions, convey not only the clash of political projects that dispute the Brazilian PHC since 2016, but also the structural inequalities that exist between the different regions
Mechanistic studies of a lipase unveil a dramatic effect of pH on the selectivity toward the hydrolysis of PET oligomers
Authors: Swiderek Katarzyna , Velasco-Lozano Susana , Galmés Miquel , Olazabal Ion , Sardon Haritz , López-Gallego Fernando , Moliner Vicent
Published: September 2022

Plastic recycling is doubtless a realistic solution for the disposal of plastics and biocatalysis is a key enabling technology for that aim. However, despite advances done in the development of new plastic degrading enzymes, the molecular mechanisms that govern their catalytic performance are poorly understood hampering the engineering of efficient enzyme technology. In this work, we study the hydrolysis of PET oligomers catalysed by the highly promiscuous lipase B from Candida antarctica (CALB) through QM/MM molecular dynamics simulations supported by experimental Michaelis-Menten kinetics. The computational studies reveal the unknown role of the pH on the CALB regioselectivity toward the hydrolysis of bis-(hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET). We exploited this insight to perform pH-controlled biotransformation that selectively hydrolyses BHET to either its corresponding diacid or monoesters using both soluble and immobilized CALB. The discoveries presented here have been exploited for the valorisation of BHET resulting from the organocatalytic depolymerization of PET.