bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chemical and sensory characteristics in the selection of bourbon genotypes
Authors: Dominghetti Ferreira Andre , Costa de Rezende Abrahão Juliana , Rodrigues Carvalho Gladyston , Mendonça de Carvalho Alex , Teixeira Andrade Vinicius , Maria Avelar Gonçalves Flavia , Ribeiro Malta Marcelo
Published: January 2022

The evaluation of coffee quality in Brazil for commercialization is conducted mainly through sensory analysis, also known as the "cup test", in which professional tasters evaluate and score various attributes. The adoption of chemical methods could complement the sensory classification of beverages, if correlations between these chemical and sensory analyses exist, making classification less subjective. This work aimed to identify the relationships between the chemical and sensorial traits of coffee-beverage quality and to evaluate the use of these traits as criteria for the selection of Bourbon cultivars. Twenty coffee genotypes from the first three harvests across five municipalities of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil were evaluated. The genotypic values, predicted for each genotype, were used to determine the index based on the sum of ranks from Mulamba and Mock. The genetic correlations among the evaluated traits were also estimated. The presented evaluations were not able to efficiently detect genetic and phenotypic relationships between the chemical and sensorial characteristics of drink quality, but as selection criteria for generation advancement in the beverage quality, it is possible to use these characteristics. Bourbon Amarelo LCJ 9-IAC, Bourbon Amarelo-Procafé, Bourbon Amarelo-Boa Vista, Bourbon Vermelho-São João Batista, and Bourbon Amarelo-Samambaia were the genotypes with the most promising cup quality in the studied regions. Through the selection of these five genotypes, the selection gain was 1.65% for sensory score for beverage quality, when the interaction among the studied environments was removed. The heritability was 92% for improving this trait.
Sweet sorghum: broth clarification with enzymatic treatment increases the quality of the fermentation wort for ethanol production
Authors: Ferreira Osania Emerenciano , Gravatim Costa Gustavo Henrique , Silva Aline Ferreira , Montijo Nayara Abrão , Mutton Miguel Angelo , Mutton Márcia Justino Rossini
Published: January 2022

Sweet sorghum is currently being evaluated throughout the world as a raw material for biofuel production because its stem juices are rich in sugars that can be directly fermented to ethanol. In this work, the fermentative efficiency of three sweet sorghum genotypes was evaluated, aiming at ethanol production, harvested in two seasons, clean and whole stems, and the treatment of the juice and broth with amylolytic enzymes in order to use the present starch to increase the production of ethanol. The experiment was carried out in the 2013/2014 harvest, in the municipality of Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil, located at 21°14’05’’S and 48°17’09’’W. The experimental design was completely randomized, with sub-subdivided plots and four replications. The primary treatments were the sweet sorghum genotypes (CV147, CV198, and BRS508), the secondary treatments, the type of harvest (whole stems and clean stems); the tertiary the two sampling times (102 and 116 days after sowing - d.a.s) and the quaternary the application of enzymes. In the fermentation process, the yeast PE-2 was used, at the end, the wine was recovered and characterized. Fermentation efficiency and liters of ethanol per ton of sorghum were calculated. The clarification of the juice with enzymatic treatment increases the quality of the fermentation broth and makes it possible to obtain wines with lower levels of RRTs and Brix. Fermentation efficiency is not affected by the genotype; however, it is influenced by the time of harvest and the technological quality of the juice. The use of amylolytic enzymes makes it possible to obtain wines with lower levels of RRTS and Brix. The best period of industrialization was at 102 d.a.s., and the processing of whole stalks resulted in less ethanol production.
Indirect orthodontic bonding with drop-shaped hot glue tray: a simple and cost-effective technique
Authors: Ribeiro Starling Carolina , Siqueira de Lima Lílian , Bittencourt Marcos Alan Vieira
Published: January 2022

Despite being associated with more accuracy, the indirect bonding procedure is not yet the gold standard, probably because of sensitivity of the numerous variables that must be controlled. The aim of this article was to present a modified, standardized, and low-cost indirect bonding technique that allows this procedure to be performed successfully. The technique covers an initial clinical stage, to obtain the models; a laboratory stage, which involves placement of brackets on the models following the facial axis of the clinical crown and the labial projection of the marginal ridges of the posterior teeth and construction of transfer tray using hot glue; and a second clinical stage, to properly transfer the brackets to patient’s teeth. Hot glue used to build the tray molds the teeth and perfectly adapts to the teeth, having enough stiffness to maintain their anatomy and the position of the brackets, but also presenting adequate flexibility to allow removal of the tray avoiding excessive stress over the brackets. In conclusion, the new simplified indirect bonding technique presented here provides a precise placement of brackets on the models, a cheaper way to transfer them to patient, and an easy removal of transfer tray, being a very simple and cost-effective method.
The Evaluation of the Success of the Growth of Vegetation in Conservation Efforts at the Area Tanjung Bastian Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara
Authors: Hanoe Emanuel M. Y.
Published: January 2022

Pengelolaan terhadap sumberdaya alam menjadi point penting terutama dalam menjaga manfaat, kesinambungan dan berkelanjutan sumber alam. Potensi sumberdaya alam yang tersedia dengan pengelolaan yang baik dapat memberikan manfaat bagi kehidupan manusia. Potensi sumberdaya alam dapat menjadi daya tarik masyarakat dan dapat dijadikan sebagai tempat wisata. Kawasan Tanjung Bastian merupakan salah satu kawasan wisata yang berada di Kab. TTU. yang identik dengan pantai serta juga arena pacuan kuda dan pemandangan alam. Dalam pengelolaannya upaya mempertahankan kondisi ekologi di wisata Tanjung Bastian seperti kegiatan penanaman vegetasi diareal kawasan wisata sebagai upaya konservasi lahan sebagai regerasi vegetasi. Kelangsungan hidup vegetasi dapat tumbuh pada kondisi pertumbuhan yang stabil dan mampu bersaing dengan kondisi fisik lingkungan dan iklim yang ekstrim. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui tingkat keberhasilan vegetasi dan faktor-faktor penyebab kerusakan pertumbuhan vegetasi. Berdasarkan hasil observasi tanaman yang berhasil hidup sebanyak 53 tanaman yang terdiri dari 6 spesies, dengan jumlah yang hidup terbanyak terdapat pada spesies Delonix regia sebanyak 15 tanaman, dan spesies yang paling sedikit ialah spesies Senna siamea dengan jumlah 3 tanaman. Klasifikasi kriteria penilaian keberhasilan vegetasi bahwa tingkat keberhasilan vetegasi di kawasan tanjung bastian termasuk dalam kategori agak rusak dengan nilai 57,3%.ABSTRACTResources management nature becoming point to important especially in maintaining benefits, continuity and sustainable natural source.Natural resource potential available with proper management would be of avail for human life. Natural resource potential can be attraction the community and can be used as tourist destinations. The area of tanjung bastian is one of the area who was in District North Central Timor are identical to the beach and also the racetrack and natural scenery. In its management efforts to maintain ecological conditions in Tanjung Bastian tourism such as planting tourism areas as an effort to conserve land as vegetation regeneration. The survival of vegetation can grow in stable growth conditions and be able to compete with extreme environmental and climatic conditions. The purpose of this study was to determine the success rate of vegetation and the factors causing damage to vegetation growth. Based on the results of observation plants who succeeded life 53 a plant consisting of 6 species with the numbers of life most there are to a species Delonix regia as many as 15 plants and the least species is Senna siamea with 3 plants. The classification of the assessment criteria vegetation that the level of success of success in the vetegasi tanjung bastian included in a category in quite poor repair the % 57,3.
Development of a Web-Based AAC Graphic Symbol Performance Test on High-tech AAC Devices
Authors: Ahn Seo Yeong , Jeong Chae Eun , Hong Ki-Hyung , Park Seolhwa , Yeon Seok Jeong ,   Korean Society of Augmentative and Alternative Communication
Published: January 2022

Background and Objective: There was no systematic graphic symbol performance test, so the AAC board was often set by the subjective judgment of an expert. Thus, this study developed a web-based AAC graphic symbol performance test to establish a user-customized AAC board based on objective information. Method: We conducted AAC graphic symbol performance tests for 4-year and 5-year typically developing children using the web-based AAC graphic symbol performance test system developed in this study. We measured the accuracy and response time in selection of symbols according to the symbol size and number, verbs coding and describe coding, semantic categorization and grammar categorization. Results: There was no significant difference between groups in the selection of symbols according to the symbol size and number. In the response time, there was a significant difference in the 60 cells. There was no significant difference in accuracy between the groups in verbs coding, describe coding, semantic categorization, and grammar categorization. However, in response time, there was a statistically significant difference in describe coding and grammar categorization. Conclusion: The web-based AAC graphic symbol performance test developed in this study will provide the objective information for setting customized AAC boards.
Development of Social Story AAC Application for People with Autism Disorder: Forcusing on Community Use Skills
Authors: Chae Soojung ,   Korean Society of Augmentative and Alternative Communication
Published: January 2022

Background and Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a social situation story mobile application for students with autism disorders using AAC symbols to improve social communication function in a community environment. Method: For application development, we followed the basic model procedure of instructional design. First, we identified the application development needs for experts, analyzed the prior research and existing applications, and analyzed the required results. In consideration of the characteristics of the subject, the social situation stories of the four sub-environments of the local community were formulated according to three themes, and the keywords were re-reviewed together as AAC symbols. The application was developed based on Android, and eight special teachers were asked to use it for a trial. Their feedback on the quality level of the application was provided through the application usability evaluation. Results: The community social situation story application was evaluated close to “very good” in the areas of educational value, content implementation technology, content information and convenience. Conclusion: A part of the continuous update and support of the application for the effective use to the target audience will be discussed.
A new proof of compactness in G(S)BD
Authors: Almi Stefano , Tasso Emanuele
Published: January 2022

We prove a compactness result in

GBD

{\operatorname{GBD}}

which also provides a new proof of the compactness theorem in

GSBD

{\operatorname{GSBD}}

, due to Chambolle and Crismale.
Our proof is based on a Fréchet–Kolmogorov compactness criterion and does not rely
on Korn or Poincaré–Korn inequalities.
Some further studies on strong ℐλ-statistical convergence in probabilistic metric spaces
Authors: Ghosh Argha , Das Samiran
Published: January 2022

We prove some basic properties of strong

ℐ
λ

{\mathcal{I}_{\lambda}}

-statistical convergence of sequences in probabilistic metric spaces and introduce the notion of strong

ℐ
λ

{\mathcal{I}_{\lambda}}

-statistical cluster point. We also introduce the notion of strong

ℐ
λ

{\mathcal{I}_{\lambda}}

-statistical Cauchy sequences in probabilistic metric spaces. Further, we establish a connection between strong

ℐ
λ

{\mathcal{I}_{\lambda}}

-statistical convergence and strong

ℐ
λ

{\mathcal{I}_{\lambda}}

-statistical Cauchy sequences.
The emergence of Information Structure in child speech: the acquisition ofc’est-clefts in French
Authors: Jourdain Morgane
Published: January 2022

Constructions marking information structure in French have been widely documented within the constructionist framework.C’est‘it is’ clefts have been demonstrated to express the focus of the sentence. Nevertheless, it remains unclear how children are able to acquire clefts, and how they develop information structure categories. The aim of this study is to investigate the acquisition of clefts in French through the usage-based framework, to understand (i) whether IS categories emerge gradually like other linguistic categories, and (ii) how children build IS categories. For this, I analysed 256c’est-clefts produced by three children between age 2 and 3. I show that most early clefts are produced by children with the chunkc’est moiassociated with the concrete function of requesting to perform an action themselves. This chunk then becomes a frame with slot, extending the function to other human referents and discourse participants with the function of requesting adults to perform an action. Another large portion of early clefts seems to belong to a frame with slotc’est Xwhose function is to identify the agent who carried out an action. These findings suggest that the information structure category of focus emerges gradually.
Extending torsors on the punctured Spec(A
inf)
Authors: Anschütz Johannes
Published: January 2022

We prove that torsors under parahoric group schemes on the punctured spectrum of Fontaine’s ring

A
inf

{A_{\mathrm{inf}}}

, extend to the whole spectrum. Using descent we can extend a similar result for the ring

𝔖

{\mathfrak{S}}

of Kisin and Pappas to full generality. Moreover, we treat similarly the case of equal characteristic. As applications we extend results of Ivanov on exactness of the loop functor and present the construction of a canonical specialization map from the

B
dR
+

{B^{+}_{\mathrm{dR}}}

-affine Grassmannian to the Witt vector affine flag variety.
Erratum to Profinite rigidity for twisted Alexander polynomials (J. reine angew. Math. 771 (2021), 171–192)
Authors: Ueki Jun
Published: January 2022

We clarify the definition of the divisorial hull and recollect some basic facts.
Then we correct Lemma 4.2 and Theorem 11.2 (1)–(2) in the original article.
A Robin boundary value problem for the Cauchy–Riemann operator in a ring domain
Authors: Gençtürk İlker , Linares Yankis R.
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we study a Robin condition for the inhomogeneous Cauchy–Riemann equation

w

z
¯

=
f

{w_{\bar{z}}=f}

in a ring domain R, by reformulating it as a Dirichlet boundary condition.
Halanay inequality involving Caputo-Hadamard fractional derivative and application
Authors: Kassim Mohammed D. , Tatar Nasser-eddine
Published: January 2022

A Halanay inequality with distributed delay of non-convolution type is considered. We establish a decay of solutions as a Mittag-Leffler function composed with a logarithmic function. A general sufficient condition is found and a large class of admissible retardation kernels is provided. This needs the preparation of several lemmas on properties of the Hadamard derivative and some basic fractional differential problems with this kind of derivative. The obtained result is then applied to a Hopfield neural network system to discuss its stability.
Stabilization of polynomial systems in ℝ3 via homogeneous feedback
Authors: Jerbi Hamadi , Kharrat Thouraya , Mabrouk Fehmi
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we study the stabilization problem of a class of polynomial systems of odd degree in dimension three. The constructed stabilizing feedback is homogeneous and guarantee the homogeneity of the closed loop system.mynotered In the end of the paper, we show the efficiency of such a study in the local stabilization of nonlinear systems affine in control.
Anti-atherosclerotic activity of aqueous extract of Ipomoea batatas (L.) leaves in high-fat diet-induced atherosclerosis model rats
Authors: Arief Waskito Budi , Sargowo Djanggan , Kalsum Umi , Tjokroprawiro Askandar
Published: January 2022

Objectives

Cardiovascular diseases, especially atherosclerosis, are the leading cause of human mortality in Indonesia. Ipomoea batatas (L.) is a food plant used in Indonesian traditional medicine to treat cardiovascular diseases and related conditions. We assessed the anti-atherosclerotic activity of the aqueous extract of I. batatas leaves in a rat model of high-fat diet-induced atherosclerosis and its mechanism.

Methods

The presence of amino acid content in the I. batatas L. purple variant was determined by liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into five groups (n=6/group), i.e., standard diet group (SD), high-fat diet group (HF), and HF plus I. batatas L. extracts orally (625; 1,250; or 2,500 mg/kg) groups. The numbers of macrophages and aortic wall thickness were analyzed histologically. Immunohistochemical analyses were performed to assess foam cells-oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in the aorta.

Results

LC-HRMS analysis showed nine amino acid content were identified from I. batatas L. In vivo study revealed that oral administration of I. batatas L. leaf extract alleviated foam cells-oxLDL formation and aortic wall thickness caused by high-fat diet atherosclerosis rats. Further, I. batatas L. leaf extract promoted the number of macrophages and modulated VEGF and eNOS expression in the aorta.

Conclusions

I. batatas L. leaf extract shows a positive anti-atherosclerosis effect. Furthermore, the mechanism may promote the macrophages, eNOS, VEGF expressions, and inhibition of foam cells-oxLDL formation and aortic wall thickness with the best dosage at 2,500 mg/kg. This could represent a novel approach to prevent cardiovascular diseases.
Application of visual elements in product paper packaging design: An example of the “squirrel” pattern
Authors: Ding Menghan
Published: January 2022

For product packaging, the visual elements in it can further enhance the appeal of the package to customers. This article briefly introduces visual elements and packaging design and made an example analysis with the gift packaging design of Squirrel Design Studio. In the case study, the packaging design of the studio’s mirror, storage bag, and puzzle was rated by hierarchical analysis and questionnaires, and the packaging design was analyzed based on the rating results. A convolutional neural network (CNN) was also used to evaluate packages in batches. The results showed that the CNN could make a batch evaluation of gift packaging design accurately; the three gift packaging designs were based on the studio’s logo, making the ratings similar; in addition, the packaging design patterns were composed of different geometric shapes to show the studio’s innovative design theme, and the squirrel silhouette and text description were used to strengthen the impression of the studio among customers.
Pediatric unilateral knee swelling: a case report of a complicated differential diagnosis and often overlooked cause
Authors: Guardado Katherine E. , Sergent Shane
Published: January 2022

Lyme disease is the most common vector-borne illness in the United States. However, Lyme arthritis is a diagnosis that is often missed, even in children, who are the population with the highest incidence of Lyme disease. Lyme arthritis, which presents in the later stage of Borrelia burgdorferi infection, needs to be recognized and managed promptly, especially in endemic areas or when exposure to ticks is known. We present a case of a 3-year-old female presenting to the emergency department with a history of limping for 2 weeks. The mother of the child recognized a tick bite. However, the child was not taken to seek care expeditiously, because she had not developed any rashes. Test results demonstrated that the patient was IgG positive and IgM negative for Lyme disease, with Western blot confirming the diagnosis of Lyme arthritis. Most patients presenting with Lyme arthritis do not recall having a tick bite, making it difficult to differentiate it from other pediatric conditions. When this diagnosis is missed, it can result in long-term morbidity, which is generally refractory to intravenous antibiotic therapy, oftentimes requiring synovectomy. Hence, this underscores the importance of the consideration of Lyme arthritis as a differential diagnosis in patients presenting with joint effusion.
Systems biology–the transformative approach to integrate sciences across disciplines
Authors: Madhavan Maya , Mustafa Sabeena
Published: January 2022

Life science is the study of living organisms, including bacteria, plants, and animals. Given the importance of biology, chemistry, and bioinformatics, we anticipate that this chapter may contribute to a better understanding of the interdisciplinary connections in life science. Research in applied biological sciences has changed the paradigm of basic and applied research. Biology is the study of life and living organisms, whereas science is a dynamic subject that as a result of constant research, new fields are constantly emerging. Some fields come and go, whereas others develop into new, well-recognized entities. Chemistry is the study of composition of matter and its properties, how the substances merge or separate and also how substances interact with energy. Advances in biology and chemistry provide another means to understand the biological system using many interdisciplinary approaches. Bioinformatics is a multidisciplinary or rather transdisciplinary field that encourages the use of computer tools and methodologies for qualitative and quantitative analysis. There are many instances where two fields, biology and chemistry have intersection. In this chapter, we explain how current knowledge in biology, chemistry, and bioinformatics, as well as its various interdisciplinary domains are merged into life sciences and its applications in biological research.
Multivalued and random version of Perov fixed point theorem in generalized gauge spaces
Authors: Laadjel A. , Nieto Juan J. , Ouahab Abdelghani , Rodríguez-López Rosana
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we present some random fixed point theorems in complete gauge spaces. We establish then a multivalued version of a Perov–Gheorghiu’s fixed point theorem in generalized gauge spaces. Finally, some examples are given to illustrate the results.
EXTERNAL AND DOMESTIC CHALLENGES FOR CZECH REPUBLIC
Authors:   Institute of Europe of Russian Academy Sciences, Vedernikov Mikhail
Published: January 2022

The article attempts to outline the main challenges faced by the Czech Republic in domestic and foreign policy. The author notes that the main threat within the country lies in the propensity of some part of the establishment to abuse of office. However, there are effective tools to counter these trends in the form of a developed system of democratic institutions and civil society. In foreign policy, a value-based approach has recently become widespread, which often damages the interests of the state and distorts the real picture of dangers. The author notes that the local political community is in a state of «Czech-Czech war», implying a confrontation between two groups of elites: pragmatists-technocrats and human rights defenders-liberals. These trends have become especially widespread since the beginning of the coronavirus pandemic, which has accelerated the development of international processes.
EUROPEAN TRADITIONALISTS AND BLM CHALLENGES
Authors:   Institute of Europe of Russian Academy Sciences, Ivanov Pavel
Published: January 2022

The article examines the ideological contradictions and specificity of the Black Lives Matter movement in Europe and the development of the All Lives Matter response movement. The author analyzes the causes and patterns of the outbreak of anti-racist protests in the European space in 2020, their cultural roots in the United States and the reaction of traditionalists. The conflict potential of socio-political challenges and the acuteness of disagreements in the context of a new dichotomy and the need to search for a new identity are revealed. Conclusions are made about the similarity of the socio-political demarcation in a number of EU countries and the United States, the role and place of European countries in this conflict are determined. The author analyzes the correlation of US political culture with the process of public dialogue about the problem of racism in Europe, the role of «Cancel» culture and the consolidation of contradictions in the socio-political split among traditionalists and their opponents. Arguments are made in favor of the further development of the ideological conflict in a new dimension and the inevitable exacerbation of the problems of xenophobia.
EUROPOL’S NEW MANDATE: BETWEEN SECURITY AND CIVIL FREEDOMS
Authors:   Institute of Europe of Russian Academy Sciences, Potemkina Olga
Published: January 2022

The article presents the EU Commission’s legislative initiative to amend the current Regulation of 2016, which defines powers and functions of the EU Agency for Law Enforcement Cooperation (Europol). The author cites the arguments used by the EU Commission in its decision to expand the functions and powers of the agency: the successful acquisition of new technologies by criminal gangs, the challenges of digital threats for law enforcement and judicial agencies of Member States, which find it difficult at the national level to properly process big data for the investigation of cross-border crimes. The article analyses the main thematic blocks of the new Regulation: enabling Europol to cooperate in the fight against criminal offenses with private parties; empowering the agency to carry out preliminary processing of big and complex databases; strengthening the role of Europol in the field of research and innovation; enabling Europol to enter alerts into the Schengen Information System, etc. The author believes that the expansion of Europol's operational powers brings it one step closer to the «European FB», i.e., an organization of a supranational nature. At the same time, the author cites the arguments of the reform’s opponents, including the political groups of the European Parliament and human rights organisations, which can be divided into two groups: a) under the pretext of ensuring security, the Commission legalises the current practice of Europol, which has gone beyond its current mandate, b) the new functions of the agency for processing a big data pose a threat to the citizens’ rights.
Some Remarks on the Changes in the Polish Penal Code During the Pandemic
Authors: Guzik-Makaruk Ewa M.
Published: January 2022

The study indicates the solutions introduced by the amendment to the Penal Code during the pandemic. These are the so-called anti-crisis shields - shield 1.0, shield 3.0 and shield 4.0. The primary role of these laws was to respond to the crises related to the COVID-19 epidemic. Amendments to the Penal Code were introduced in a manner inconsistent with the Constitution of the Republic of Poland and the Regulations of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland. The mere legislative change and increasing punitiveness of the criminal law system and penal policy will not significantly reduce crime. The work is of a presentative and systematising character. The assumed hypothesis boils down to the assertion that the changes to the penal code made pursuant to the so-called anti-Covid laws are irrational and introduced without the required legislative procedure. The study mainly used the formal-dogmatic method.
Prisoners During the Pandemic
Authors: Szczygieł Grażyna B.
Published: January 2022

In connection with the COVID-19 pandemic, all countries of the world are taking actions to minimize the spread of the virus. These actions interfere with civil rights and liberties. They particularly affect convicts who serve prison sentences, as such sentences deprive them many of their rights or significantly restrict them. Recognizing the situation of prisoners at this difficult time, in March 2020, the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment (CPT) issued the Statement of principles relating to the treatment of persons deprived of their liberty in the context of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19)1, while the Subcommittee on Prevention of Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment or Punishment prepared Advice to States parties and national preventive mechanisms to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. The purpose of this paper is to determine whether our country, while taking certain actions, takes into account the recommendations contained in both aforementioned documents.
The Unclear Picture of Child Sexual Abuse Material (CSAM) Online Volumes During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Dąbrowska Marta
Published: January 2022

The COVID-19 global pandemic altered the social lives of people around the globe and centred our activities around the internet and new technologies even more than before. As countries around the world responded with lockdowns and social restrictions in order to prevent spreading the virus, concerns about the effects of those measures on child sexual abuse materials (CSAM) volumes on the internet and CSAM related offending online arose. While it is impossible to measure the entire volume of CSAM available online and CSAM related offending, there are some indicators that can be used to assess the scale of online CSAM and whether there was an upward or downward trend in CSAM related activity online and reporting over the pandemic time. Such indicators include the number of reports to hotlines combating CSAM, the number of criminal investigations and cases, and the measurements of the offenders’ online activity monitored by law enforcement and other entities. The aim of this paper is to analyse the data available in these areas and see how they picture the CSAM online problem during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Conflicts of Doctor’s Duties in the Case of an Extreme Shortage of Intensive Care Beds and the Good Samaritan Clause from the Perspective of Criminal Law
Authors: Romańczuk-Grącka Marta
Published: January 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic has exposed many weaknesses of healthcare systems. An example of a crisis situation is the case of a doctor who has to make a decision about qualifying a patient with COVID-19 for an intensive care bed when there are not enough such beds and when, out of the many obligations to save lives, he can choose and fulfil only one. The aim of this paper is to analyse the criteria of establishing the priority in access to intensive care, to settle the conflict of obligations in regard to criminal liability, with respect to Art. 26 § 5 of the Polish penal code regarding the doctor’s decision to provide, or to not provide, healthcare services including intensive care given the extreme shortage of the beds, to determine the scope of legal safety guarantees laid down in the good Samaritan clause and the relationship between the conflict of duties and the clause. The work is theoretical with the use of a formal-dogmatic and functional analysis of Polish criminal law.
Dysregulation of X-ray repair cross-complementing 4 expression in the eutopic endometrium of women with endometriosis
Authors: Bane Kashmira , Desouza Junita , Rojewale Asma , Katkam R R , Fernandes Gwendolyn , Sawant Raj , Dudhedia Uddhavraj , Warty Neeta , Chauhan Anahita , Chaudhari Uddhav , Gajbhiye Rahul , Sachdeva Geetanjali
Published: January 2022

Recent data suggest that the DNA damage response (DDR) is altered in the eutopic endometrium (EE) of women with endometriosis and this probably ensues in response to higher DNA damage encountered by the EE in endometriosis. DDR operates in a tissue-specific manner and involves different pathways depending on the type of DNA lesions. Among these pathways, the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway plays a critical role in the repair of dsDNA breaks. The present study was undertaken to explore whether NHEJ is affected in the EE of women with endometriosis. Toward this, we focused on the X-ray repair cross-complementing 4 (XRCC4) protein, one of the core components of the NHEJ pathway. Endometrial XRCC4 protein levels in the mid-proliferative phase were found significantly (P  < 0.05) downregulated in women with endometriosis, compared to control women. Investigation of a microarray-based largest dataset in the Gene Expression Omnibus database (GSE51981) revealed a similar trend at the transcript level in the EE of women with endometriosis, compared to control women. Further in vitro studies were undertaken to explore the effects of H2O2-induced oxidative stress on DNA damage, as assessed by γ-H2AX and 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) immunolocalization, and XRCC4 protein levels in endometrial stromal (hTERT immortalized human endometrial stromal cell line (ThESCs)) and epithelial (Ishikawa) cells. A significant decrease in XRCC4 protein levels and significantly higher localization of γ-H2AX and 8-OHdG were evident in ThESCs and Ishikawa cells experiencing oxidative stress. Overall, the study demonstrates that the endometrial XRCC4 expression is dysregulated in women with endometriosis and this could be due to higher oxidative stress in endometriosis.
Diversidad y estado de conservación de pequeños mamíferos de Loreto, Perú
Authors: Sánchez-Vendizú Pamela , Graham-Angeles Laura , Diaz Silvia , Pacheco Víctor
Published: January 2022

En este trabajo realizamos una revisión exhaustiva de bases de datos de colecciones científicas y literatura especializada con el objetivo de actualizar la lista de los mamíferos menores no voladores (<1000 g aprox.) del departamento de Loreto. Como resultado se contabilizaron 536 localidades en la que se registran 75 especies, agrupadas en cuatro órdenes y seis familias, equivalente al 13% y 28.6% de la diversidad de mamíferos de Perú y Loreto, respectivamente. Además, cinco de las 83 especies de mamíferos endémicos a nivel nacional están presentes en Loreto: Akodon orophilus, Neusticomys peruviensis, Hadrosciurus "sp. 3", Marmosops (Marmosops) soinii y Monodelphis (Mygalodelphys) handleyi; siendo las tres últimas, especies con registros sólo en este departamento. Asimismo, 23 especies son consideradas especies raras y 12 comunes, dos están consideradas como Vulnerables y tres como datos insuficientes por la legislación peruana, y alrededor de 16 especies no han sido evaluadas por la International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Por otro lado, mientras que la diversidad de especies de mamíferos pequeños no voladores está comparativamente bien representada en las distintas provincias de Loreto, algunas como Putumayo es una de las menos exploradas (< 15 localidades) y registra solamente 10 especies. Además, se evidenciaron cinco zonas de vacíos de información, distribuidas principalmente en las zonas fronterizas con otros departamentos o países: 1) toda la provincia del Putumayo y noreste de Maynas, 2) sur del río Amazonas en la provincia de Mariscal Ramón Castilla, 3) norte de la provincia del Datem del Marañón, 4) suroccidente del Datem del Marañón y 5) al sur y occidente de la provincia de Ucayali; cuya extensión podría explicar por qué la diversidad de los mamíferos menores no voladores estaría subestimada en este departamento.
Checklist of freshwater fishes from Loreto, Peru
Authors: Meza-Vargas Vanessa , Faustino-Fuster Dario R. , Chuctaya Junior , Hidalgo Max , Ortega Torres Hernán
Published: January 2022

This study presents an extensive review of published and unpublished occurrence records of fish species in the Loreto department. Located in the northeast of the country, Loreto is the most geographically extensive region in the Peruvian territory. Despite the increase in fish collections in Loreto in recent years, the ichthyofauna of this department needs to be more documented. Based on a database of scientific collections and bibliographic information, an updated checklist of the freshwater fishes from Loreto is presented. The results reveal a rich and diversified ichthyofauna, with 873 species distributed in 331 genera, 50 families and 15 orders. The main groups are Characiformes (42.6%), Siluriformes (34.8%), Gymnotiformes (8.6%) and Cichliformes (7.4%). Part of the ichthyofauna has restricted distribution for Loreto (4.7%). In addition, 9.0% of species from Loreto are used in fisheries. Meanwhile, 219 species (25%) were categorized according to the IUCN criteria where only six species (0.7%) are currently considered threatened species (CR, EN or VU). The results presented in this work indicate that this department needs more studies to know the biodiversity of fish, likewise, the information presented constitutes a contribution to the knowledge of fish diversity that would support environmental management actions and decision-making aimed at conserving one of the most diverse departments of Peru.
El género Eurysternus Damlan, 1824 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Oniticellini) del departamento de Loreto, Perú
Authors: Figueroa Luis , Paz Fernando
Published: January 2022

Presentamos 13 especies del género Eurysternus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Oniticellini) del departamento de Loreto – Perú. Registramos por primera vez para Perú a la especie Eurysternus ventricosus Gill, 1990. Además, proporcionamos fotos de los habitus y aedeagus y mapas de distribución de las especies encontradas en este departamento.
Finite-time stability results for fractional damped dynamical systems with time delays
Authors: Arthi Ganesan , Brindha Nallasamy , Baleanu Dumitru
Published: January 2022

This paper is explored with the stability procedure for linear nonautonomous multiterm fractional damped systems involving time delay. Finite-time stability (FTS) criteria have been developed based on the extended form of Gronwall inequality. Also, the result is deduced to a linear autonomous case. Two examples of applications of stability analysis in numerical formulation are described showing the expertise of theoretical prediction.
Power relations: a catalyst in the building of flood disaster resilience capacities in the orashi region of rivers state
Authors: Brown Ibama , Eyenghe Tari , Boyle Sodieari Henderson
Published: January 2022

Climate change-related disasters have in recent years become a global phenomenon with catastrophic consequences. Africa has had most of the consequences of climate change related disasters, resulting in monumental urban and rural flooding, widespread casualties, displacements, loss of property and sources of livelihood. Given the long-term implications of climate change, it is critically important to understand how vulnerable communities respond to the menace occasioned by flooding. The impact of the flooding is felt more in low-lying communities situated along the coastal fringes leaving inherently vulnerable communities to the vagaries of flooding. However, despite of their vulnerability to flooding disasters, some people displayed resilience capacities more than others because of their apparent access to resources and power within and outside their localities. The study investigated the issue, through the application of the qualitative approach that drew the Bourdieusian theory of practice, deploying the analytical concepts of fields, habitus and species of capital to gather useful information from relevant focus groups to understand how various forms of power was employed to capture resources that enhanced resilience capacities in the seasonal flood prone Orashi region of Rivers State of Nigeria. Following the outcome of the analysis of the information gathered from the focus group and a review of relevant literature, it was revealed that most of the vulnerable population displayed some ingrained disposition and the deployment of indigenous knowledge and social capital for adaptation to survive flood disasters. It is therefore concluded that dynamics of power is a key factor in the resilience capacities of the population of the study.
Constructed Floating treatment wetlands: can they improve water quality in a northern USA climate?
Authors: Oddsson Mattias , Deering Emily , Ortega Ren , Magner Joe
Published: January 2022

Constructed floating treatment wetlands (FTWs) are a best management practice (BMP) applied in aquatic environments to improve water quality by mitigating nutrient pollution. We evaluated the efficacy of FTWs in Minnesota, USA as a tool for the removal of excess nutrients in surface water to enhance water quality. We began with a 2015 outdoor mesocosm study to quantify the removal efficiency of total phosphorus (TP), ortho-phosphate-P (PO4-P), nitrate-N, and ammonia-N. The FTWs were each planted with wetland plants Juncus effusus, Eleocharis acicularis, and Glyceria canadensis. A paired controlled TP budget was prepared to identify mesocosm sources and sinks. Mesocosm FTWs showed higher PO4-P reduction efficiencies than the control mesocosms. Mesocosms with FTWs had significantly lower pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations. Water quality measurements were made along with qualitative observations, such as durability, at two different field scales where FTWs were installed in a pond and lake in 2016. Field deployed FTWs showed measurable changes in several water quality parameters over the study period. Statistically significant reductions were observed in PO4-P, DO, and pH for the pond site but not at the lake site. Though positive results were observed, factors other than FTWs may better explain the field deployed FTW results. Overall, the high FTW spatial coverage (15%) in the mesocosms showed clear PO4-P removal, whereas low FTW spatial coverage (<1%) of the field scale surface water was likely the most limiting factor to achieving optimal water quality at the study sites and rather than individual FTW performance.
Construção e validação da Escala Multifatorial de Atração por Eventos Mórbidos
Authors: Plutarco Lia Wagner , Sousa Marília Mendes Moreira de , Santos Walberto Silva dos , Sousa Sophia Lóren de Holanda , Alves Matheus Gomes Lins
Published: January 2022

Objetivo. Este estudo buscou construir e validar a Escala Multifatorial de Atração por Eventos Mórbidos (AMAEM). Método. Do primeiro estudo participaram 252 pessoas da população geral, as quais responderam à EMAEM e a perguntas sociodemográficas. A análise de componentes principais indicou uma estrutura de cinco fatores. No segundo estudo, a amostra foi de 609 pessoas da população geral, as quais responderam a EMAEM, escala de personalidade e busca de sensações. Resultado. A análise fatorial confirmatória apoaiou a adequação do modelo de cinco fatores. Adicionalmente, demonstrou ainda que os fatores da EMAEM podem contribuir com a compreensão de características da personalidade e sua associação com o engajamento em comportamentos antissociais.
Estudio antropométrico y aptitud física en jóvenes tenistas: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Luna-Villouta Pablo Felipe , Flores-Rivera Carol Rosario , Garrido-Méndez Alex , Vargas-Vitoria Cesar Rodrigo
Published: January 2022

El estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar los artículos científicos originales, disponibles en bases de datos en los últimos veintiún años (2000-2021), acerca del monitoreo de la antropometría y aptitud física en jóvenes tenistas. Se realizó una revisión sistemática en tres bases de datos electrónicas: PubMed, LILACS y Web of Science, entre enero del 2000 a mayo del 2021; se identificaron inicialmente 73 artículos originales que, posterior a la aplicación de los criterios de elegibilidad y exclusión, junto con el procedimiento presentado en el flujograma PRISMA, permitieron obtener 14 artículos, que fueron analizados cualitativamente. Los resultados evidencian que existe la necesidad de mayores indagaciones, especialmente a nivel sudamericano y en las mujeres; no obstante, es importante señalar que estos estudios aportan con referencias antropométricas muy similares a las encontradas en otras regiones del mundo. Por otro lado, la antropometría y el desempeño en pruebas de aptitud física presentan mejores indicadores en relación con la edad cronológica, rendimiento en la modalidad (ranking nacional) y entrenamiento específico. Al comparar por género, existen diferencias significativas en antropometría y pruebas de aptitud física. Finalmente, tanto en mujeres como en hombres, la maduración avanzada se asocia al mejor desempeño en las pruebas de velocidad de desplazamiento, de fuerza y potencia muscular. Es necesario considerar esta información para mejorar el rendimiento deportivo, detección de talento y prevenir lesiones en tenistas adolescentes.
Why do onychophorans and camels need the same gestation time?
Authors: Monge Julián
Published: January 2022

One of the many mysteries surrounding onychophorans, is why, despite their small body size, they have gestation periods that are as long as gestation in some mammals. Here we propose that the causes are infrequent feeding and the Mandatory Minimum Size model, according to which they must be born sufficiently developed to hunt their own food and survive adverse microclimates.
Society, Spatiality, and the Sacred
Authors: Koşal Umur
Published: January 2022

The Essay provides space for scholars to present peerreviewed research in a manner that uses data studies and critical reflection as occasions for advancing currents in the broader academic study of religion. In this issue, we have two contributions. Umur Ko?al revisits Jerusalem’s Western Wall and submits that a spatial approach can help scholars reconsider the complex relation of sites classified as sacred. And Matteo Di Placido takes yoga studies as an example of a Foucauldian discourse formation and considers the historical and political textures that appear when examined under the light of recent research in the discursive study of religion.
“What Kind of Venues Should I (not) Publish In?”
Authors: D'Vice Sage
Published: January 2022

In this edition of The Question, Sage D’Vice is back with answers to help you make sense of the question of publishing. The debate abounds about the mathematics of academic genres. But as we learn, journal articles, chapters, edited volumes, and monographs come with their own considerations, and institutional setting can make all the difference.
Magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis
Authors: Krotenkova I. A. , Morozova S. N. , Bryukhov V. V. , Krotenkova M. V.
Published: January 2022

Multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnosisis is rather difficult due to specifics of clinical performance and the lack of specific tests. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the ways to confirm MS, and also allows differential diagnosis with other diseases and rulling out other pathologies that can mimic MS. This article provides detailed information on visualization of demyelinating processes, as well as pathogenetic and clinical data, without knowledge of which correct diagnosis is impossible.