bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Responses of a Strongly Forced Mathieu Equation—Part 2: Constant Loading
Authors: Ramakrishnan Venkatanarayanan , Feeny Brian F.
Published: February 2023

The present study deals with the response of a damped Mathieu equation with hard constant external loading. A second-order perturbation analysis using the method of multiple scales (MMS) unfolds resonances and stability. Non-resonant and low-frequency quasi-static responses are examined. Under constant loading, primary resonances are captured with a first-order analysis, but are accurately described with the second-order analysis. The response magnitude is of order ϵ0, where ϵ is the small bookkeeping parameter, but can become arbitrarily large due to a small denominator as the Mathieu system approaches the primary instability wedge. A superharmonic resonance of order two is unfolded with the second-order MMS. The magnitude of this response is of order ϵ and grows with the strength of parametric excitation squared. An nth-order multiple scales analysis under hard constant loading will indicate conditions of superharmonic resonances of order n. Subharmonic resonances do not produce a non-zero steady-state harmonic, but have the instability property known to the regular Mathieu equation. Analytical expressions for predicting the magnitude of responses are presented and compared with numerical results for a specific set of system parameters. In all cases, the second-order analysis accommodates slow time-scale effects, which enable responses of order ϵ or ϵ0. The behavior of this system could be relevant to applications such as large wind-turbine blades and parametric amplifiers.
Generative models for sound field reconstruction
Authors: Fernandez-Grande Efren , Karakonstantis Xenofon , Caviedes-Nozal Diego , Gerstoft Peter
Published: February 2023

This work examines the use of generative adversarial networks for reconstructing sound fields from experimental data. It is investigated whether generative models, which learn the underlying statistics of a given signal or process, can improve the spatio-temporal reconstruction of a sound field by extending its bandwidth. The problem is significant as acoustic array processing is naturally band limited by the spatial sampling of the sound field (due to the difficulty to satisfy the Nyquist criterion in space domain at high frequencies). In this study, the reconstruction of spatial room impulse responses in a conventional room is tested based on three different generative adversarial models. The results indicate that the models can improve the reconstruction, mostly by recovering some of the sound field energy that would otherwise be lost at high frequencies. There is an encouraging outlook in the use of statistical learning models to overcome the bandwidth limitations of acoustic sensor arrays. The approach can be of interest in other areas, such as computational acoustics, to alleviate the classical computational burden at high frequencies.
Low-frequency duct noise control using coupled loudspeakers
Authors: Li Shang , Zang Zhenfei , Zhang Shiqi , Zhao Xiaochen
Published: February 2023

A duct noise control device is introduced based on a Herschel-Quincke (HQ) tube and electro-mechanical coupling. The device consists of the main duct segment and one set of connected loudspeakers, which functions as a side-by tube in a traditional HQ tube. The acoustic waves imposed on the upstream loudspeaker can be transmitted to the other loudspeaker via the connecting circuit immediately, which represents a fast track when compared with the wave transmission via the fluid medium in the main duct. It is the core noise attenuation mechanism in this silencer. The transfer matrix method is used to investigate the silencer performance. A periodic silencer array is also developed to broaden the bandwidth and increase the magnitude of noise attenuation. The results predicted by the plane wave theory fit well with the simulation using a three-dimensional finite element method. A simplified experiment was conducted to verify the silencing effect of the silencer and the accuracy of theoretical prediction method. Contrasting with a traditional reactive silencer, low-frequency noise attenuation can be achieved in a more compact and flexible way, which can be seen as an improvement in low frequency noise control.
cis
-Acting Element at the 5' Noncoding Region of Tacaribe Virus S RNA Modulates Genome Replication
Authors: D'Antuono Alejandra L. , Gallo Giovanna L. , Sepulveda Claudia , Fernández Jonás , Brignone Julia , Gamboa Graciela , Riera Laura , Saavedra María del Carmen , López Nora
Published: February 2023

The
Mammarenavirus
genus of the
Arenaviridae
family includes several members that cause severe hemorrhagic fevers associated with high morbidity and mortality rates, for which no FDA-approved vaccines and limited therapeutic resources are available. We provide evidence demonstrating the specific involvement of the TCRV S 5′ noncoding sequence adjacent to the viral promoter in replication.
The Oxindole GW-5074 Inhibits JC Polyomavirus Infection and Spread by Antagonizing the MAPK-ERK Signaling Pathway
Authors: Kaiserman Jacob , O’Hara Bethany A. , Garabian Kaitlin , Lukacher Avraham , Haley Sheila A. , Atwood Walter J.
Published: February 2023

Human polyomaviruses, such as JCPyV and BKPyV, cause significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised or immunomodulated patients. There are no treatments for polyomavirus-induced diseases other than restoration of immune function. We discovered that the oxindole GW-5074 potently inhibits infection by both JCPyV and BKPyV. Further optimization of this compound could result in the development of antiviral therapies for polyomavirus-induced diseases.
Peroxin Pex14/17 Is Required for Trap Formation, and Plays Pleiotropic Roles in Mycelial Development, Stress Response, and Secondary Metabolism in Arthrobotrys oligospora
Authors: Liu Qianqian , Li Dongni , Bai Na , Zhu Yingmei , Yang Jinkui
Published: February 2023

Peroxisome biogenesis genes (
PEX
) play an important role in growth, development, and pathogenicity in pathogenic fungi. However, the roles of
PEX
genes remain largely unknown in nematode-trapping (NT) fungi.
Fitness-Conditional Genes for Soil Adaptation in the Bioaugmentation Agent Pseudomonas veronii 1YdBTEX2
Authors: Morales Marian , Sentchilo Vladimir , Carraro Nicolas , Causevic Senka , Vuarambon Dominique , van der Meer Jan R.
Published: February 2023

Restoring damaged microbiomes is still a formidable challenge. Classical widely adopted approaches consist of augmenting communities with pure or mixed cultures in the hope that these display their intended selected properties under
in situ
conditions.
Effect of
Epichloë gansuensis
Endophyte on Seed-Borne Microbes and Seed Metabolites in
Achnatherum inebrians
Authors: Liang Jinjin , Gao Guoyu , Zhong Rui , Liu Bowen , Christensen Michael J. , Ju Yawen , Zhang Wu , Li Yanzhong , Li Chunjie , Zhang Xingxu , Nan Zhibiao
Published: February 2023

The present study was to investigate seed-borne microbiota and seed metabolites in
Achnatherum inebrians
using high-throughput sequencing and LC-MS technology.
Epichloë gansuensis
decreased the richness of the seed-borne microbiota except for the epiphytic fungi of glumes and also decreased the diversity of seed-borne microbiota. Compared with endophyte-free plants, the content of 108 seed and 31 glume metabolites of endophyte-infected plants was significantly changed.
Outdoor Absolute Humidity Predicts the Start of Norovirus GII Epidemics
Authors: Beck-Friis Thomas , Sundell Nicklas , Gustavsson Lars , Lindh Magnus , Westin Johan , Andersson Lars-Magnus
Published: February 2023

Viral gastroenteritis causes considerable morbidity, especially in vulnerable groups such as the elderly and chronically ill. Predicting the beginning of seasonal epidemics is important for the health care system to withstand increasing demands.
Trypanosoma cruzi Isolates Naturally Adapted to Congenital Transmission Display a Unique Strategy of Transplacental Passage
Authors: Faral-Tello Paula , Greif Gonzalo , Romero Selva , Cabrera Andrés , Oviedo Cristina , González Telma , Libisch Gabriela , Arévalo Ana Paula , Varela Belén , Verdes José Manuel , Crispo Martina , Basmadjián Yester , Robello Carlos
Published: February 2023

The main findings of this study are that we determined that there are
Trypanosoma cruzi
strains adapted to transplacental transmission and completely different from the commonly used laboratory reference strains. This implies a specific strategy for the vertical transmission of Chagas disease.
Role of Berberine as a Potential Efflux Pump Inhibitor against MdfA from Escherichia coli:
In Vitro
and
In Silico
Studies
Authors: Li Ying , Ge Xizhen
Published: February 2023

In this work, we evaluated the role of berberine (BBR) as an inhibitor of the MFS efflux pump MdfA from
E. coli
. We demonstrated that low levels of BBR significantly increased intracellular ciprofloxacin concentrations and restored antibiotic susceptibility of the reporter strain.
A Novel CMY Variant Confers Transferable High-Level Resistance to Ceftazidime-Avibactam in Multidrug-Resistant Escherichiacoli
Authors: Zhou Junxin , Wang Weiping , Liang Min , Yu Qian , Cai Shiqi , Lei Tailong , Jiang Yan , Du Xiaoxing , Zhou Zhihui , Yu Yunsong
Published: February 2023

Ceftazidime-avibactam is a novel β-lactam–β-lactamase inhibitor (BLBLI) combination with powerful activity against
Enterobacterales
isolates producing AmpC, such as CMY-like cephalosporinase. However, in recent years, CMY variants have been reported to confer ceftazidime-avibactam resistance.
Virulence Factors of the Gut Microbiome Are Associated with BMI and Metabolic Blood Parameters in Children with Obesity
Authors: Murga-Garrido S. M. , Ulloa-Pérez E. J. , Díaz-Benítez C. E. , Orbe-Orihuela Y. C. , Cornejo-Granados F. , Ochoa-Leyva A. , Sanchez-Flores A. , Cruz M. , Castañeda-Márquez A. C. , Plett-Torres T. , Burguete García A. I. , Lagunas-Martínez A.
Published: February 2023

The alteration of gut microbiome composition has been commonly observed in diseases involving inflammation, such as obesity and metabolic impairment. Inflammatory host response in the gut can be a consequence of dietary driven dysbiosis.
Diverse Populations of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius Colonize the Skin of Healthy Dogs
Authors: Fàbregas Norma , Pérez Daniel , Viñes Joaquim , Cuscó Anna , Migura-García Lourdes , Ferrer Lluís , Francino Olga
Published: February 2023

Staphylococcus pseudintermedius
is a commensal canine bacterium that can become an opportunistic pathogen and is responsible for most cases of canine pyoderma. It can also cause occasional zoonotic infections.
AoSte12 Is Required for Mycelial Development, Conidiation, Trap Morphogenesis, and Secondary Metabolism by Regulating Hyphal Fusion in Nematode-Trapping Fungus
Arthrobotrys oligospora
Authors: Bai Na , Xie Meihua , Liu Qianqian , Wang Wenjie , Liu Yankun , Yang Jinkui
Published: February 2023

Nematode-trapping (NT) fungi are an important natural enemy of nematodes and can capture their prey by producing traps. Hyphal anastomosis and fusion are important for mycelial growth and the colony morphological development of filamentous fungi and are also crucial for the trap morphogenesis of NT fungi.
Arthrobotrys oligospora
can form complex three-dimensional networks (traps) when sensing the presence of nematodes.
Global Metabolomic Profiling of Host Red Blood Cells Infected with Babesia divergens Reveals Novel Antiparasitic Target Pathways
Authors: Beri Divya , Singh Manpreet , Rodriguez Marilis , Goyal Naman , Rasquinha Giselle , Liu Yunfeng , An Xiuli , Yazdanbakhsh Karina , Lobo Cheryl A.
Published: February 2023

Human babesiosis is caused by apicomplexan parasites of the
Babesia
genus and is associated with transfusion-transmitted illness and relapsing disease in immunosuppressed populations. Through its continuous cycles of invasion, proliferation, and egress,
B. divergens
radically changes the metabolic environment of the host red blood cell, allowing us opportunities to study potential chemical vulnerabilities that can be targeted by drugs.
Serotype Distribution and Antimicrobial Resistance of Streptococcus agalactiae Isolates in Nonpregnant Adults with Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome in Japan in 2014 to 2021
Authors: Ikebe Tadayoshi , Okuno Rumi , Uchitani Yumi , Takano Mami , Yamaguchi Takahiro , Otsuka Hitoshi , Kazawa Yu , Fujita Shohei , Kobayashi Ayaka , Date Yoshimi , Isobe Junko , Maenishi Emi , Ohnishi Makoto , Akeda Yukihiro ,   the Working Group for Beta-Hemolytic Streptococci in Japan, Ogawa Keiko , Mitsuhashi Kazuya , Konno Takayuki , Iwabuchi Kaori , Yamanaka Takuya , Seto Junji , Hosoya Mikako , Suto Takuhiro , Sakai Hiroo , Ogawa Ikuo , Ogawa Mayumi , Horikoshi Ayano , Matsuyama Miki , Yodotani Yusuke , Goto Chieko , Yoshihara Junko , Tomari Kentaro , Suzuki Fumie , Onoda Sae , Sekikawa Asami , Hikida Miki , Kishizawa Mitsuru , Kanagawa Haruyoshi , Wakatsuki Akira , Kobayashi Akihito , Nagai Yuhki , Matsuda Tatsuya , Ogura Higashi , Noda Makiko , Furuta Ayako , Kitagawa Emiko , Yoshikawa Misa , Fujikawa Mika , Saito Etsuko , Nakagawa Chikara , Nakanishi Noriko , Kiguchi Yuko , Nakaoka Kayoko , Aoki Kayo , Umehara Seiko , Murayama Ryutaro , Hirata Shoko , Hayashibara Kenkichi , Kawase Jun , Kawai Hisahiro , Hiratsuka Takahiro , Akita Hiroko , Yoshida Chiiko , Kakumiya Yuka , Asano Yukiko , Osaki Sayaka , Kageyama Atsuko , Migita Yuji , Furukawa Yurika , Maeda Rika , Nakamura Etsuko , Kakita Tetsuya , Kudeken Tsuyoshi
Published: February 2023

Group B
Streptococcus
(GBS) has been increasingly associated with invasive disease in nonpregnant adults. Such infections are responsible for substantial morbidity and mortality, particularly in individuals with underlying chronic conditions.
Surgical site infection prevention in abdominal surgery: is intraoperative wound irrigation with antiseptics effective? Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mueller Tara , Dimpel Rebekka , Kehl Victoria , Friess Helmut , Reim Daniel
Published: February 2023

Introduction

Surgical site infection (SSI) after laparotomy still represents the most frequent postoperative complicationin abdominal surgery. The effectiveness of reducing SSI rates by intra-operative irrigation of the incisional wound with antiseptic solutions or saline has been much debated, and recommendations on its use are divergent. Therefore, we aim to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis, focusing specifically on procedures by laparotomy and considering recent evidence only.

Methods and analysis

The systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) statement. On 1 July 2022, PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane, Central Register of Controlled Trials and EMBASE were searched for the following predefined terms: (Surgical site infection) AND ((irrigation) OR (wound irrigation) OR (lavage)) AND ((abdominal surgery) OR (laparotomy). The search was limited to peer-revied publications, dating after 1 January 2000 in English or German language. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses were included for reference screening. Case reports, case series, non-systematic reviews and studies without follow-up information were excluded. The primary outcome is the rate of postoperative SSI after abdominal surgery by laparotomy. Meta-analysis is pooled using the Mantel-Haenszel method for random effects. The risk of bias in randomised studies will be assessed using the Cochrane developed RoB 2-tool, and the ROBINS-I tool for non-randomised studies. Completion of the analysis and publication is planned in March 2023.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethical approval is not necessary for this study, as no new data will be collected. The results of the final study will be published in a peer-reviewed open-access journal.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42022321458.
Development of a paediatric airway management checklist for the emergency department: a modified Delphi approach
Authors: Miller Kelsey A , Prieto Monica M , Wing Robyn , Goldman Michael P , Polikoff Lee A , Nishisaki Akira , Nagler Joshua
Published: February 2023

Background

Airway management checklists have improved paediatric patient safety in some clinical settings, but consensus on the appropriate components to include on a checklist for paediatric tracheal intubation in the ED is lacking.

Methods

A multidisciplinary panel of 14 experts in airway management within and outside of paediatric emergency medicine participated in a modified Delphi approach to develop consensus on the appropriate components for a paediatric airway management checklist for the ED. Panel members reviewed, modified and added to the components from the National Emergency Airway Registry for Children airway safety checklist for paediatric intensive care units using a 9-point appropriateness scale. Components with a median score of 7.0–9.0 and a 25th percentile score ≥7.0 achieved consensus for inclusion. A priori, the modified Delphi method was limited to a maximum of two rounds for consensus on essential components and one additional round for checklist creation.

Results

All experts participated in both rounds. Consensus was achieved on 22 components. Twelve were original candidate items and 10 were newly suggested or modified items. Consensus components included the following categories: patient assessment and plan (5 items), patient preparation (5 items), pharmacy (2 items), equipment (7 items) and personnel (3 items). The components were formatted into a 17-item clinically usable checklist.

Conclusions

Using the modified Delphi method, consensus was established among airway management experts around essential components for an airway management checklist intended for paediatric tracheal intubation in the ED.
Prognostic modelling of clinical outcomes after first-time acute coronary syndrome in New Zealand
Authors: Earle Nikki J , Poppe Katrina K , Rolleston Anna , Pilbrow Anna , Aish Sara , Bradbury Kathryn , Choi Yeunhyang , Devlin Gerry , Gladding Patrick A , Grey Corina , Harrison Wil , Henare Kimiora , Howson Joanna , Kerr Andrew , Lumley Thomas , Pera Vijaya , Porter Graeme , Stewart Ralph , Troughton Richard W , Wihongi Helen , Richards A Mark , Cameron Vicky A , Legget Malcolm E , Doughty Robert N
Published: February 2023

Objective

The Multi-Ethnic New Zealand Study of Acute Coronary Syndromes (MENZACS) was established to investigate the drivers of secondary events after first-time acute coronary syndrome (ACS), including addressing inequitable outcomes by ethnicity. Herein, the first clinical outcomes and prognostic modelling approach are reported.

Methods

First, in 28 176 New Zealanders with first-time ACS from a national registry, a clinical summary score for predicting 1-year death/cardiovascular readmission was created using Cox regression of 20 clinical variables. This score was then calculated in the 2015 participant MENZACS study to represent clinical risk. In MENZACS, Cox regression was used to assess N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) as a prognostic marker for death/cardiovascular readmission in four models, adjusting for (1) age and sex; (2) age, sex, ethnicity; (3) clinical summary score; (4) clinical summary score and ethnicity.

Results

Of the 2015 MENZACS participants (mean age 61 years, 79% male, 73% European, 14% Māori, 5% Pacific people), 2003 were alive at discharge. Of the 2003, 416 (20.8%) experienced all-cause death/cardiovascular readmission over a median of 3.5 years. In a simple model, age, male sex, Māori ethnicity and NT-proBNP levels were significant predictors of outcome. After adjustment for the clinical summary score, which includes age and sex, NT-proBNP and ethnicity were no longer statistically significant: log2(NT-proBNP) hazard ratio (HR) 1.03, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.98 to 1.08, p=0.305; Māori ethnicity HR 1.26, 95% CI 0.97 to 1.62, p=0.084.

Conclusions

In 2015 patients with first-time ACS, recurrent events were common (20.8%). Increasing NT-proBNP levels and Māori ethnicity were predictors of death/cardiovascular readmission, but not after adjustment for the 20 clinical risk factors represented by the clinical summary score.

Trial registration number

ACTRN12615000676516.
GLIS1 intervention enhances anti-PD1 therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting SGK1-STAT3-PD1 pathway
Authors: Rong Dawei , Wang Yuliang , Liu Li , Cao Hengsong , Huang Tian , Liu Hanyuan , Hao Xiaopei , Sun Guangshun , Sun Guoqiang , Zheng Zhiying , Kang Junwei , Xia Yongxiang , Chen Ziyi , Tang Weiwei , Wang Xuehao
Published: February 2023

Background

GLI-similar 1 (GLIS1) is one of of Krüppel-like zinc finger proteins, which are either stimulators or inhibitors of genetic transcription. Nevertheless, its effects on T cell were elusive.

Methods

In this study, we intend to explore the effects of GLIS1 on modulating the anticancer potency of CD8+T cells in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The expression of GLIS1 in CD8 peripheral blood mononuclear cell and CD8 tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes of HCC tissues was validated by quantificational real-time-PCR and flow cytometry. The anticancer potency of CD8+T cells with GLIS1 knock down was confirmed in C57BL/6 mouse model and HCC patient-derived xenograft mice model. GLIS1–/–C57BL/6 mice was applied to explore the effects GLIS1 on tumor immune microenvironment. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and RNA transcriptome sequencing analysis were both performed in GLIS1-knock down of CD8+T cells.

Results

GLIS1 was upregulated in exhausted CD8+T cells in HCC. GLIS1 downregulation in CD8+T cells repressed cancer development, elevated the infiltrate ability of CD8+T cells, mitigated CD8+T cell exhaustion and ameliorated the anti-PD1 reaction of CD8+T cells in HCC. The causal link beneath this included transcriptional regulation of SGK1-STAT3-PD1 pathway by GLIS1, thereby maintaining the abundant PD1 expression on the surface of CD8+T cells.

Conclusion

Our study revealed that GLIS1 promoted CD8+T cell exhaustion in HCC through transcriptional regulating SGK1-STAT3-PD1 pathway. Downregulating the expression of GLIS1 in CD8+T cells exerted an effect with anti-PD1 treatment synergistically, revealing a prospective method for HCC immune therapy.
Serum concentrations of local anesthetics after unilateral interpectoral-pectoserratus plane block in breast cancer surgery: a pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Versyck Barbara , Vermeylen Kris , Willemse Johan , van Geffen Geert-Jan , Leunen Ine , Soetens Filiep , Devos Sylvie , Roosens Laurence
Published: February 2023

Introduction

The ultrasound-guided interpectoral-pectoserratus plane block is a fascial plane block for superficial surgery of the anterolateral chest wall. This technique involves injecting a relatively large volume of local anesthetics (typically 30 mL of 0.25%–0.50%, ie, 75–150 mg ropivacaine) underneath the major and minor pectoral muscles of the anterior thoracic wall. There is a potential risk of toxic serum concentrations of local anesthetics due to systemic absorption.

Methods

22 patients scheduled for elective unilateral breast cancer surgery were included in this study. All surgery was performed with general anesthesia and an ultrasound-guided interpectoral-pectoserratus plane block with 2.5 mg/kg ropivacaine. Ten venous blood samples were collected at 0 (two samples) 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 min and at 4 hours after performing the block. Free and total ropivacaine levels were measured at each time point. Albumin and alpha-1-acid-glycoprotein were measured to monitor shifts between the free and bound fraction of ropivacaine.

Results

Samples of 20 patients were analyzed. The mean dose of ropivacaine was 172.8 (22.5) mg. In 50% of the patients, the potentially toxic threshold of 0.15 µg/mL free ropivacaine concentration was exceeded. Mean peak serum concentration occurred at 20 min postinjection.

Conclusions

This pharmacokinetic study demonstrated that a 2.5 mg/kg ropivacaine interpectoral-pectoserratus plane block may result in exceeding the threshold for local anesthetic systemic toxicity.
Baclofen for hiccups: a large mixed methods multisite study
Authors: Ehret Christopher J , Martin Nichole , Jatoi Aminah
Published: February 2023

Objective

Hiccups can be bothersome and spawn morbidity. Although oral baclofen is perhaps the most prescribed agent for hiccups, a paucity of data supports its use.

Methods

This multisite, single institution study examined the medical records of patients who had hiccups and had been prescribed baclofenas noted in a clinical encounter. Mixed methods were used to assess baclofen’s palliative efficacy. In view of the sometimes transient nature of hiccups and other such factors, cessation or palliation of hiccups in 75% of patients was sought to indicate true palliation.

Results

A total of 301 patients with a median age of 61 years (range 20–87 years) and a male predominance are the focus of this report. Baclofen was most often prescribed at 10 mg orally three times a day. Only 105 patients (35%) (95% CI: 30% to 41%) acquired hiccup palliation. Corroborative medical record quotations included, ‘Still has hiccups.’Quotations such as, ‘Responding to baclofen this AM’, were also recorded. Baclofen appeared more likely to benefit patients with hiccups of >48 hours (chronic) duration in univariable analyses (OR for benefit: 0.51 (95% CI: 0.29 to 0.91; p=0.02) with similar conclusions drawn from multivariable analyses. Adverse events occurred in 15 patients with drowsiness the most common.

Conclusions

Baclofen did not meet this study’s a priori threshold for successful hiccup palliation, but further study is indicated to learn whether baclofen might help patients with chronic hiccups.
GCN5 regulates ZBTB16 through acetylation, mediates osteogenic differentiation, and affects orthodontic tooth movement
Authors: Shi Shu-Man , Liu Ting-Ting , Wei Xue-Qin , Sun Ge-Hong , Yang Lin , Zhu Juan-Fang
Published: February 2023

In the process of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLFs) must undergo osteogenic differentiation. OTM increased the expression of Zinc finger and BTB domain-containing 16 (ZBTB16), which is implicated in osteogenic differentiation. Our goal was to investigate the mechanism of PDLF osteogenic differentiation mediated by ZBTB16. The OTM rat model was established, and PDLFs were isolated and exposed to mechanical force. Hematoxylin–eosin staining, Alizarin Red staining, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry were carried out. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was measured. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay were conducted. In OTM models, ZBTB16 was significantly expressed. Additionally, there was an uneven distribution of PDLFs in the OTM group, as well as an increase in fibroblasts and inflammatory infiltration. ZBTB16 interference hindered PDLF osteogenic differentiation and decreased Wnt and β-catenin levels. Meanwhile, ZBTB16 activated the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. ZBTB16 also enhanced the expression of the osteogenic molecules osterix, osteocalcin (OCN), osteopontin (OPN), and bone sialo protein (BSP) at mRNA and protein levels. The interactions between Wnt1 and ZBTB16, as well as GCN5 and ZBTB16, were also verified. The adeno-associated virus-shZBTB16 injection also proved to inhibit osteogenic differentiation and reduce tooth movement distance in in vivo tests. ZBTB16 was up-regulated in OTM. Through acetylation modification of ZBTB16, GCN5 regulated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and further mediated PDLF osteogenic differentiation.
Lipid-induced alteration in retinoic acid signaling leads to mitochondrial dysfunction in HepG2 and Huh7 cells
Authors: Karmakar Eshani , Das Nabanita , Mukherjee Bidisha , Das Prosenjit , Mukhopadhyay Satinath , Roy Sib Sankar
Published: February 2023

A surfeit of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammation serve as obligatory mediators of lipid-associated hepatocellular maladies. While retinoid homeostasis is essential in restoring systemic energy balance, its role in hepatic mitochondrial function remains elusive. The role of lecithin-retinol acyltransferase (LRAT) in maintenance of retinoid homeostasis is appreciated earlier; however, its role in modulating retinoic acid (RA) bioavailability upon lipid-imposition is unexplored. We identified LRAT overexpression in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed rats and palmitate-treated hepatoma cells. Elevation in LRAT expression depletes RA production and deregulates RA signaling. This altered RA metabolism enhances fat accumulation, accompanied by inflammation that leads to impaired mitochondrial function through enhanced ROS generation. Hence, LRAT inhibition could be a novel approach preventing lipid-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in hepatoma cells.
Numerical study of the effect of heat-flow coupling on interface instability based on front tracking
Authors: Liu Yao , Yao Mengjun , Ke Zhaoqing , Chen Kang , Zhang Ying , Wu Wei
Published: February 2023

The interfacial instability of two-phase immiscible fluids in inclined tubes at constant temperature boundary conditions is numerically investigated by the front-tracking method. By analyzing the effects of inclination angle φ, Marangoni number (Ma), and Rayleigh number (Ra) on the interfacial instability, the interaction law between unstable interface fluctuation and heat transfer is studied. The results show that the larger the inclination angle, the easier the interface is destabilized, and the heat transfer at the interface will also decrease. In the comparison of inclination angles of 0°, 30°, 45°, and 60°, the heat transfer is more stable at 45°. The heat flux between fluids decreases with the increase of Ma number, and Ma number has little effect on the interfacial fluctuation. It mainly affects the interfacial morphology by changing the surface tension gradient at the interface, which is mainly reflected in the end of the convolution interface. The larger the Ma number, the more inward the interface develops. Ra number has an obvious inhibitory effect on the interfacial instability. The effect of Ra number on heat-flow transfer at the interface shows alternating changes. In the initial stage, the heat transfer between fluids in the inclined tube is greater than that in the horizontal tube, but in the later stage, the heat transfer is less than that in the horizontal tube.
Information measures on matter-wave solitons in Bose–Einstein condensates
Authors: Layek Bijan , Sultana Sumaita , Sekh Golam Ali
Published: February 2023

We consider quasi-one-dimensional Bose–Einstein condensates and study the properties of matter-wave bright solitons within the framework information theoretic approach. In the limit of negligible trapping effect, we calculate Shannon entropy, Fisher information, and Rényi entropy for different mean-field interactions, and study the interplay between group velocity dispersion and nonlinear atomic interaction. We see that information theoretic approach can clearly reveal localization and delocalization properties of matter-wave density distribution. In all the cases, entropic uncertainties are found to be satisfied.
A correspondence between the free and interacting field
Authors: Gao Fei , Ding Minghui , Liu Yu-xin , Schmidt Sebastian M.
Published: February 2023

We discover a correspondence between the free field and the interacting states. This correspondence is firstly given from the fact that the free propagator can be converted into a tower of propagators for massive states, when expanded with the Hermite function basis. The equivalence of propagators reveals that in this particular case the duality can naturally be regarded as the equivalence of one theory on the plane wave basis to the other on the Hermite function basis. More generally, the Hermite function basis provides an alternative quantization process with the creation/annihilation operators that correspond directly to the interacting fields. As an illustration, we apply this basis to the $$3+1$$

3
+
1

dimensional Yang–Mills theory, where the three-dimensional space being reduced through the Hermite function basis, and an auxiliary parameter $$\omega $$
ω
denotes for string tension. At large $$\omega $$
ω
limit, with then considering only the lowest order Hermite function (Lowest Landau Level), the equivalent action becomes the Banks–Fischler–Shenker–Susskind (BFSS) matrix model. At small $$\omega $$
ω
limit, the perturbative series summed over all orders of Hermite function gives a massive gluon propagator.
Data Expansion Approach with Attention Mechanism for Learning with Noisy Labels
Authors: Nomura Yuichiro , Kurita Takio
Published: February 2023

In recent years, the development of deep learning has contributed to various areas of machine learning. However, deep learning requires a huge amount of data to train the model, and data collection techniques such as web crawling can easily generate incorrect labels. If a training dataset has noisy labels, the generalization performance of deep learning significantly decreases. Some recent works have successfully divided the dataset into samples with clean labels and ones with noisy labels. In light of these studies, we propose a novel data expansion framework to robustly train the models on noisy labels with the attention mechanisms. First, our method trains a deep learning model with the sample selection approach and saves the samples selected as clean at the end of training. The original noisy dataset is then extended with the selected samples and the model is trained on the dataset again. To prevent over-fitting and allow the model to learn different patterns of the selected samples, we leverage the attention mechanism of deep learning to modify the representation of the selected samples. We evaluated our method with synthetic noisy labels on CIFAR-10 and CUB-200-2011 and real-world dataset Clothing1M. Our method obtained comparable results to baseline CNNs and state-of-the-art methods.
Beyond clustering
Authors: Karaliopoulos Merkouris , Tsolas Leonidas , Koutsopoulos Iordanis , Halkidi Maria , Van Hove Stephanie , Conradie Peter
Published: February 2023

Besides technological innovations in energy production and management technologies, the fight against climate change requires fundamental changes in our energy consumption behavior. Behavioral interventions are key to this process, especially when tailored to different energy consumer segments accounting for their socio-demographic profiles, socio- psychological characteristics and energy consumption practices.

In this work, we propose a novel approach to energy consumer segmentation that facilitates the choice of (nudging) interventions for each segment. We call it intervention-driven energy consumer profiling since it explicitly considers upfront the set of interventions that can be delivered to energy consumers and defines profiles that can be readily matched with them. The profiles are specified as combinations of socio-psychological factors with implications for energy-saving behavior and are parameterized by thresholds that measure how strongly these factors are represented in each profile. One profile represents ideal energy-savers, whereas each of the remaining five profiles shares one or two distinct features that serve as barriers towards energy-saving behavior and/or prescribe specific type of nudging interventions for strengthening such behavior. We use the responses of users to a European-wide online survey to formulate and solve an optimization problem for these thresholds and then assign the survey respondents to the profiles. Finally, we analyze them also in terms of socio-demographic variables and recommend appropriate nudging interventions for them.
GECCO 2022
Authors: Fieldsend Jonathan , Wagner Markus
Published: February 2023

The 2022 Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO 2022) took place in Boston, on July 9th--13th, 2022, as the first-ever "hybrid" GECCO. Hybrid here meant that about half of the attendees were physically present in Boston, while the others joined online. In the following, we provide statistics about submissions and authorship, and some comments about the evolution and growth of GECCO.
Design of Multilevel Storage Medium through Sb2Te3/Ga2Sb3 Phase-Change Heterostructure
Authors: Gu Han , Wu Weihua , Zhou Xiaochen , Zhang Pei , Fu Bowen , Zhu Xiaoqin
Published: February 2023

The phase-change heterojunction Sb2Te3/Ga2Sb3 thin films with different thickness ratios and periods were designed and prepared by the magnetron sputtering technique. The multi-level resistance states of phase-change heterojunction Sb2Te3/Ga2Sb3 film were investigated from the perspective of material and device. As for the constant thickness ratio, both the phase transition temperature and electrical resistance increase with the decrease of periods. Especially, the heterojunction [Sb2Te3(7 nm)/Ga2Sb3(3 nm)]3 film experiences the twice resistance jumps at 208 and 290 °C, respectively, exhibiting the obvious triple-resistance states. The phase structure and vibrational modes of [Sb2Te3(7 nm)/Ga2Sb3(3 nm)]3 film during the different crystallization stages were observed by the structural characterization. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy verified the changes in the phase structure and vibrational modes of the film, respectively. The [Sb2Te3(7 nm)/Ga2Sb3(3 nm)]3 film has a lower surface roughness than the pure Sb2Te3, which was proved by atomic force microscopy. Phase change memory devices based on the [Sb2Te3(7 nm)/Ga2Sb3(3 nm)]3 films were fabricated to evaluate the electrical properties and verify the three-state process of the heterostructure. All the results show that the phase-change heterostructure Sb2Te3/Ga2Sb3 films have the potential to achieve triple-state storage by tuning the thickness ratios and periods, which is conducive to improving the information storage density.
Physiological Mechanisms of Acute Upper Thermal Tolerance in Fish
Authors: Ern Rasmus , Andreassen Anna H. , Jutfelt Fredrik
Published: February 2023

This review is focused on the questions of why fish exhibit heat failure at thermal extremes and which physiological mechanisms determine the acute upper thermal tolerance. We propose that rapid direct thermal impacts on fish act through three fundamental molecular mechanisms reaction rates, protein structure, and membrane fluidity. During acute warming, these molecular effects then lead to loss of equilibrium and death through various cellular, organ, and physiological pathways. These pathways include mitochondrial dysfunction, oxygen limitation, and impacted excitability of excitable cells and eventually lead to neural and/or muscular failure. The pathways may also lead to loss of homeostasis and subsequent heat failure. There is strong evidence in some species for oxygen limitation in these processes and strong evidence against it in other species and contexts. The limiting mechanisms during acute warming therefore appear to differ between species, life stages, and recent thermal history. We conclude that a single mechanism underpinning the acute upper thermal tolerance across species and contexts will not be found. Therefore, we propose future avenues of research that can elucidate major patterns of physiological thermal limitations in fish.
Long-term variability of human health-related solar ultraviolet-B radiation doses from the 1980s to the end of the 21st century
Authors: Zerefos Christos , Fountoulakis Ilias , Eleftheratos Kostas , Kazantzidis Andreas
Published: February 2023

Solar ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation has played a crucial role in the evolution of life on Earth. UV exposure presents both risks and benefits to humans. Optimal UV-B exposure behaviors, that ensure balance between the risks and benefits of exposure to UV-B depend both on environmental and physiological factors and cannot be easily determined. The present review provides the current state of knowledge relative to the effects of UV-B radiation to humans. The physical mechanisms that control the levels of solar UV-B radiation at the Earth’s surface are also discussed. A comprehensive review of the studies reporting on current trends in the levels of solar UV-B radiation at the surface and model projections of its future levels is examined and reveals the important role of man-made climatic changes in its evolution. The review provides evidence that despite the success of the Montreal Protocol, the future evolution of the levels of solar UV-B radiation at the Earth’s surface has important uncertainties caused by the expected changes in our climate. Therefore, it is recommended that the usual precautionary measures to protect from excess exposure of humans to solar UV-B radiation should continue to apply in the decades to come.
Nonlinear Correction Methods of Temperature-Caused Peak Shift for a NaI(Tl) Gamma-Ray Spectrometer
Authors: Wu Jinfei , Zhai Juan , Lai Wanchang , Lin Hongjian , Zeng Chenhao , Gu Runqiu , Li Shaoqin , Jiang Yunrui , Shi Jie , Zhang Bo
Published: February 2023

NaI(Tl) detectors are frequently operated under unstable temperature conditions when used in an open environment. Temperature changes would result in a peak shift and spectral distortion during measurement. Two easy-to-implement methodologies are proposed to stabilize the measured spectrum without the necessity of adjusting the gain, which are a correction algorithm for temperature-caused peak-shift based on multiple characteristic peak area weighting factors and an interpolation correction algorithm based on multicharacteristic peak sequence. Both of them can be used when the relative channel displacement of characteristic peaks in the spectrum due to temperature changes is not constant. Experimental data obtained under controlled temperature conditions in the laboratory were adopted to correct a spectrum, with joint consideration of some known characteristic peaks, such as 40K, U (214Bi), or Th (208Tl) peaks. Through constructing a reversible temperature coefficient matrix, one can easily obtain the coefficients of the n-th polynomial describing the influence of temperature on peak position, which presents their nonlinear mathematical relationship. Then, corrections of these two effects can also be easily calculated. Comparing the experimental results, peak positions before and after correction, it is proved that the interpolation correction algorithm based on multicharacteristic peak sequence has better correction accuracy, but the temperature-caused peak shift correction algorithm based on the multicharacteristic peak area weighting factor has a shorter calibration time.
Unified Mechanism of Rock Burst Induced by Coal Mine Earthquake and Its Activity and Response Characteristics
Authors: Lyu Pengfei , Geng Yijian
Published: February 2023

The occurrence regularity of the coal mine earthquake under the influence of hard roof, fault, and mining was studied by theoretical analysis, field investigation, and monitoring data analysis for the phenomenon of rock burst induced by coal mine earthquakes. The dissipation characteristics of coal mine earthquake energy propagation considering a hypocenter scale were described, and the coal mine earthquake response characteristics were analyzed. The two principles of rock burst induced by hard rock fractured type coal mine earthquakes and the three principle of rock burst induced by fault were described. Based on this, the unified mechanism rock burst induced by different types of coal mine earthquakes was proposed. The results show that the microseismic energy increases sharply and decreases sharply when mining in the fault area. The amplitude and frequency of support resistance increased before and after the heavy coal mine earthquake occurred. The periodic characteristics of the coal mine earthquake in the 43upper 13 working face of the Dongtan coal mine show that there are 50 m small periods within 100 m large periods. The multiparameter field monitoring can make it possible for instantaneous capture of the coal mine earthquake dynamic responses. The unified rock burst mechanism induced different types of coal mine earthquake and is the difference energy between the superposition energy of the rock burst source region and the energy consumed by coal-rock instability increases suddenly under the action of coal mine earthquakes. Meanwhile, the violent rock burst accident occurs when the stiffness condition is satisfied.
Experimental Study on Acoustic Emission Characteristics of Granite and Sandstone under Uniaxial Compression
Authors: Sun Yongshuai , Yu Fei , Lv Jianguo
Published: February 2023

In order to better apply acoustic emission technology to engineering practice, this paper carried out indoor acoustic emission test, and uniaxial compression tests of granite and sandstone under monotonic loading and grading loading were carried out and monitored. The influencing factors of the acoustic emission characteristics of the two rock samples were discussed and the characteristics of the acoustic emission signals corresponding to different stages of rock failure were analyzed. The analysis of the test results includes the curve fitting relationship between the AE event count rate, energy rate, and stress time and the changes of AE event count rate and energy rate under different loading methods. The results of the study are as follows: there is a quiet zone in the acoustic emission event before the rock is destroyed and destabilized, and the higher the rock strength, the more obvious the quiet zone; this important feature can be used as a precursor feature of rock mass failure for prediction, and the rock acoustic emission energy rate is more obvious in the quiet area before destruction than the acoustic emission event rate; rock acoustic emission has experienced initial compaction zone, rising zone, peak zone, and descending zone, whether different rocks go through each stage and how long each stage lasts is related to the nature of the rock; under different loading methods, the failure mechanism of rock is different; the different loading rates of monotonic loading and grading loading will affect the change rate of acoustic emission.
Occurrence and Risk Factors of Brucellosis in Commercial Cattle Farms from Selected Districts of the Eastern Coast Zone, Tanzania
Authors: Warioba James P. , Karimuribo Esron D. , Komba Erick V. G. , Kabululu Mwemezi L. , Minga Godwin A. , Nonga Hezron E.
Published: February 2023

Brucellosis is a disease of major socio‐economic importance worldwide, particularly in low‐income countries. This retrospective study aimed to estimate seroprevalence and risk factors associated with brucellosis in commercial cattle farms in the eastern coast zone of Tanzania (ECZT). A total of 1,052 serum samples collected from 20 commercial farms were subjected to rose bengal plate test (RBPT) and indirect enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (i‐ELISA). Descriptive analysis was employed to determine frequencies and proportions. To establish risk factors, a multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out using a backward elimination procedure, following a univariate analysis, with 0.1 set as a cut‐off point for the selection of putative risk factors. Agreement between RBPT and i‐ELISA was determined using a Kappa coefficient (κ). The overall animal‐level seroprevalence was 25.9% based on i‐ELISA. Logistic regression analysis revealed that odds of infection were significantly higher in females (OR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.2–2.5, p = 0.002) and in young animals than in adults (OR = 3.6, CI: 2.1–6.2, p < 0.001). In addition, odds of infection were higher during the wet season (OR = 3.4, CI: 3.2–5.2, p < 0.001), in cattle reared in rural farms (OR = 4.8, CI: 2.0–11.5, p < 0.001), in cattle reared in areas, not in contact with wildlife (OR = 2.9, CI: 1.4–2.3, p = 0.004), and in medium‐sized farms (OR = 12.5, CI: 6.9–22.9, p < 0.001). These findings confirm that bovine brucellosis was prevalent among commercial cattle farms in the ECZT, posing a serious public health concern to the community living in these settings. The one health approach should be adopted for effective control of brucellosis.