bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mental health literacy interventions for female adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Arnold Emily R. , Liddelow Caitlin , Lim Angie S. X. , Vella Stewart A.
Published: January 2025

Suicide and self-harm are a leading cause of death globally, with females aged 15–24 years being a high-risk group requiring urgent intervention. Promoting mental health literacy is a well-established strategy for early intervention. No review has explored the available interventions promoting mental health literacy for female adolescents and their reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance as a whole remains unknown. This study reviews existing interventions promoting mental health literacy in female adolescents. Searches included original peer-reviewed articles from inception to May 2024 across six databases, identifying twelve studies for review. Five independent meta-analyses were conducted, showing no significant effects immediately post-intervention for mental health literacy, knowledge, stigmatising attitudes, and help-provision. A significant reduction in stigmatising attitudes was found > 6 months post-intervention. Moderation analyses could not be performed due to insufficient data. None of the included studies reported on interventions specifically for female adolescents. This review also evaluated reporting of RE-AIM components, finding limited reporting on reach, adoption, and maintenance. These findings highlight a substantial gap in high-impact and tailored mental health prevention and promotion interventions for female adolescents. Therefore, there is a clear need to understand and target female adolescents’ mental health literacy needs to develop and implement more effective interventions.
Multimodal mapping of spatial attention for unilateral spatial neglect in VR: a proof of concept study using eye-tracking and mobile EEG
Authors: Eudave Luis , Vourvopoulos Athanasios
Published: January 2025

Unilateral spatial neglect (USN) is a complex spatial attentional disorder consisting of a failure to attend to the contralesional side of space, frequently seen after a stroke. However, the majority of cases go undiagnosed due to the lack of a valid and reliable tool that is able to assess USN and its many variants. Recent technological advances in virtual reality (VR) and physiological sensors, allow for the study of this disorder under controlled, and ecologically-valid environments, which hold the promise of reliable and early detection. This proof of concept study aims to evaluate the feasibility of a system for discriminating different attentional states using a multimodal dataset derived from a spatial attention task conducted in VR. Nine healthy young adults underwent two experimental conditions: a Control condition and a Left Occlusion condition. Participants performed a visual search task while their behavioral data, including performance metrics, eye-gaze, head, and controller movement data, were recorded. Additionally, electroencephalography data was synchroniously collected to capture neural correlates of attentional processing. Analysis of results of this within-subjects study found worse performance (higher RT), changes in behavior (right-ward gaze bias, left-ward bias in head and controller movement) in the Left Occlusion condition. Neural differences were found (parieto-occipital mean alpha band power and event related potentials) between the two conditions. If validated, this system could be utilized as a diagnostic VR tool, while it holds the potential to facilitate the participation of stroke patients with USN in VR-driven rehabilitation.
How novice mathematics teacher-educators notice the mathematical and pedagogical thinking of preservice mathematic teachers: An emerging model
Authors: Hayeen-Halloun Mayssa , Ayalon Michal
Published: January 2025

This paper aims to characterize critical events noticed by novice mathematics teacher-educators (NMTEs) while they facilitate teacher education sessions. Twenty-four NMTEs enrolled in a university course on teaching teachers were asked to facilitate a series of three sessions with preservice teachers, identify critical events from those sessions and analyze these events. Analysis of the 72 critical events reported by the NMTEs yielded a model that can be used to characterize critical events in teacher education sessions (CETEs) and to identify variations within these events. The model comprises three axes: the event participants, the event focus and the dimensions in learning and teaching mathematics (i.e., cognitive, affective and social). The paper discusses the theoretical and empirical construction of the model and demonstrates its potential contribution using examples from our research.
Enhancing hurdles athletes’ performance analysis: A comparative study of cnn-based pose estimation frameworks
Authors: Jafarzadeh Pouya , Zelioli Luca , Virjonen Petra , Farahnakian Fahimeh , Nevalainen Paavo , Heikkonen Jukka
Published: January 2025

Human pose estimation has gained significant attention in recent years for its potential to revolutionize athletic performance analysis, enhance understanding of player interactions, and optimize training regimes. Deep learning models, particularly Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), have outperformed traditional methods in pose estimation tasks. This study addresses a gap in sports analytics by applying two popular CNN-based frameworks, YOLO and DeepLabCut, to analyze pose estimation in hurdles athletes. Videos of a single female athlete during training sessions were used, and frames were manually annotated to capture three critical foot landmarks: ankle, heel, and big toe. The results highlight YOLOv8l’s superior accuracy, achieving a Percentage of Correct Keypoints (PCK) of 79% for these landmarks, while demonstrating the feasibility of a low-cost setup for practical applications. Visual comparisons further validate the model’s effectiveness in real-world scenarios. Additionally, YOLO predictions were utilized to analyze step progression in the time domain, providing actionable insights into athletic movement. This study underscores that even modest video equipment, combined with CNN-based methods, can equip coaches with powerful tools to analyze and optimize movements and techniques, paving the way for data-driven advancements in sports performance.
Organizing for Ontological Security: Rethinking Authoritarian International Organizations
Authors: Chen Yingxin Angela
Published: January 2025

Why do authoritarian countries form authoritarian international organizations (AIOs) when there is an abundance of democratic-dominant international organizations (DIOs) that provide similar forums of cooperation? Existing literature views AIOs in positivist terms. In this paper, I supplement the existing literature by bringing to bear the ontological dimension of authoritarian cooperation. Adopting the concept of ontological security, I theorize that establishing international organizations provides an avenue for authoritarian states to remedy their ontological insecurities—induced by critical events such as major geopolitical shifts—through routinizing relationships with strategic partners. Focusing on the case study of China in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), I draw from archival sources to conduct discourse analysis of selected texts and synthesize key themes. I propose that establishing the SCO was a Chinese initiative to alleviate the ontological insecurity that followed the collapse of the Soviet Union. The nature of this ontological insecurity was preemptive and derivative, but it nevertheless prompted the routinization of interstate relations and the construction of threats. Specifically, the SCO provided a forum for routinizing relations with states significant to China’s ontological security. The framework of ontological security yields important policy implications for democracies wishing to counter the proliferation of the authoritarian model.
Enhancing top managers' leadership with artificial intelligence: insights from a systematic literature review
Authors: Bevilacqua Simone , Masárová Jana , Perotti Francesco Antonio , Ferraris Alberto
Published: January 2025

In the contemporary landscape of digital transformation (DT), the wave of artificial intelligence (AI) is radically restructuring the managerial processes of organizations. As a result, the influence of top managers is emerging as a determining factor in the effectiveness of business strategies related to AI innovation. Academics have provided a large body of literature on this topic, drawing on upper echelons theory, which states that top managers' leadership influences companies' strategic decisions and performance. Leaders have revolutionized their roles and skills to exploit the full potential of AI and integrate it into the business decision-making process effectively. However, given the fragmented nature of existing studies, a systematic literature review is needed to consolidate and clarify how AI impacts top managers' leadership. This paper presents findings involving bibliometric and content analysis tools, examining 63 articles from 31 highly ranked academic journals. Three research clusters emerge: (1) AI-driven skills of top managers' leadership; (2) factors driving top managers' decision to adopt AI in organizations; and (3) the strategic use of AI. The article contributes to upper echelons theory, providing a holistic perspective on top managers' leadership in the AI era and a guidance framework for successfully integrating AI in businesses. Finally, the study offers scholars avenues for future research and provides practical insights for top managers seeking to harness AI technologies to enhance their strategic leadership in organizations.
A classification of nilpotent compatible Lie algebras
Authors: Ladra Manuel , Leite da Cunha Bernardo , Lopes Samuel A.
Published: January 2025

Working over an arbitrary field of characteristic different from 2, we extend the Skjelbred-Sund method to compatible Lie algebras and give a full classification of nilpotent compatible Lie algebras up to dimension 4. In case the base field is cubically closed, we find that there are three isomorphism classes and a one-parameter family in dimension 3, and 12 isomorphism classes, 6 one-parameter families and one 2-parameter family in dimension 4.
Remanufacturing production planning and control: Conceptual framework for requirement definition
Authors: Hoffmann Moritz , Krini Abderrahim , Mueller Andreas , Knorn Steffi
Published: January 2025

In the era of environmental degradation and resource scarcity, the concept of circular economy (CE) has emerged as a pivotal strategy to transform the contemporary industrial landscape. As an integral component of the 10R framework, remanufacturing is emerging as a production strategy that revitalizes end-of-life (EOL) products to a like-new condition, fostering a more sustainable production and consumption. Despite its immense environmental and economic benefits, the implementation of remanufacturing practices is confronted with a multitude of challenges, including sourcing of EOL products, managing component variability, and arbitrary failure rates that result in major process inefficiencies. This paper embarks on the definition of functional and non-functional requirements for remanufacturing production planning and control (RPPC) to establish a systematic approach to address the existing challenges and uncertainties that arise in remanufacturing systems. Based on the synthesis of a comprehensive literature study, eight functional requirements and a total of 48 associated key performance measures are derived and contextualized in a coherent conceptual framework. This establishes a consensus to mitigate the impacts caused by uncertainty in remanufacturing. The feasibility of the conceptual framework is validated in an industrial case study with an OEM remanufacturer of electric power steering products. The findings of this research paper advance the field of RPPC and offer guidance to industrial decision-makers to evaluate and optimize their remanufacturing production systems.
New developments and guideline updates for HFMI treatment for improving the fatigue strength of welded joints
Authors: Marquis G. B. , Barsoum Z. , Leitner M.
Published: January 2025

High-frequency mechanical impact (HFMI) has established itself as a reliable, effective, and user-friendly method for a post-weld fatigue strength improvement technique for welded structures. HFMI can be implemented as an important element of lightweight design for new structures and as a tool for the rehabilitation of structures in service. The first IIW recommendations for HFMI treatment were developed over several years and published in 2016. An abundance of new research and test data confirms the important elements of that guideline. However, it also demonstrated that certain portions of those recommendations need to be clarified, expanded, and improved. These include:

The scope of the guidelines for steels with yield strengths from 960 to 1300 MPa

Relaxing the fatigue geometry requirement of the weld profile prior to HFMI treatment and the groove dimension following treatment

Presenting fatigue strength modification factors also numerically as an alternative to modifying the fatigue class

Incorporating the updated thickness correction factors from the newest IIW Fatigue Design Recommendations

Adding a series of tables that summarize the rules for defining the appropriate fatigue strength for different combinations of material strength, load ratio, stress range, and assessment method

Provide guidelines on HFMI treatment of prefatigued structures

Present a methodology for verifying the effectiveness of HFMI devices based on documentation and experimental data

This paper presents details of this new information that is being incorporated into a revised IIW recommendations for HFMI treatment for improving the fatigue strength of welded joints.
Optimizing two-photon polymerization for rapid and high-resolution prototyping of low-friction microtextured surfaces
Authors: Bornillo Kristal , Sorgato Marco , Lucchetta Giovanni
Published: January 2025

Low-friction surfaces enhance performance across various sectors, such as boosting fuel efficiency in transportation and augmenting precision, safety, and comfort in medical devices. Given these benefits, there is a pressing need to investigate how the geometric characteristics of microtextured surfaces can effectively reduce friction, a process that demands precise geometric control. This study explores the application of Two-Photon Polymerization (TPP) as a high-resolution additive manufacturing technique for prototyping microtextured surfaces used in friction studies. TPP’s ability to create precise microstructures makes it an ideal tool for understanding the impact of geometrical factors on friction. However, a significant trade-off exists between print time and quality, particularly for large samples. The TPP parameters, including laser power, scan speed, hatch, and slice distances, were fine-tuned to cater to friction application and achieve a balance between resolution and efficiency. A hybrid fill mode combining solid, shell and scaffold printing was developed to reduce print time while maintaining surface integrity. Friction tests demonstrated that the TPP-printed microdimpled samples effectively reduced friction, highlighting the potential of TPP as a prototyping tool for tribological applications.
Sounds of Silence: Using the Stereotype Content Model to Understand Perceptions of Introverts and Extraverts at Work
Authors: McCord Mallory A.
Published: January 2025

This paper drew on the stereotype content model (SCM) to clarify cultural stereotypes about introverted and extraverted people at work to increase our understanding of the stereotype-driven process that may lead to negative responses to introversion and subsequent detriment to employee health and well-being. The hypothesis that introverted workers would be rated as lower in warmth and competence than extraverted workers was examined across three studies. Study 1 used qualitative content analyses to assess open responses that freely described introverted and extraverted colleagues. Study 2 tested the hypothesis quantitatively using established measures of warmth and competence. Finally, Study 3 tested if one’s self-identified personality impacted perceptions of warmth and competence. Across all studies, introverted employees were endorsed as being lower in warmth and competence than extraverted employees. In Study 3, warmth and competence stereotypes held regardless of one’s identification as introverted or extraverted. Finally, social interaction requirements of the job moderated perceptions of competence in Study 1, but not in Study 2 or 3. The present findings extend the SCM to new groups and provide empirical evidence to support a key driver in negative responses to introversion in the workplace. The results also suggest that job demands and personality identity salience are important considerations, and a need for organizations to engage in best practices to reduce the negative impact of these stereotypes on employees’ health and well-being.
Queer Cambridge
Authors: Goldhill Simon
Published: January 2025

Queer Cambridge recounts the untold story of a gay community living, for many decades, at the very heart of the British Establishment. Making effective use of chiefly forgotten archival sources – including personal diaries and letters – the author reveals a network that was in equal parts tolerant and acerbic, and within which the queer Fellows of Cambridge University explored bold new forms of camaraderie and relationship. Goldhill examines too the huge influence that these individuals had on British culture, in its arts, politics, music, theatre and self-understanding. During difficult decades when homosexuality was unlawful, gay academics – who included celebrated literary and scientific figures like E. M. Forster, M. R. James, Rupert Brooke and Alan Turing – lived, loved, and grew old together, bringing new generations into their midst. Their remarkable stories add up not just to an alternative history of male homosexuality in Britain, but to an alternative history of Cambridge itself.
Scott of the Antarctic, the missing relic
Authors: Burns John Charles
Published: January 2025

The deaths in the Antarctic of Captains Robert Falcon Scott and Lawrence “Titus” Oates are the most examined in almost all exploration. However, one object, until today unknown, gives a clue to the real story of the last three days of the Terra Nova expedition leaders. This is the sextant that Captain Scott had with him throughout his career until his death, passed from Kathleen Scott to Peter Scott and thence to its current owner. The sextant, its history and the meaning of the relic are set out before the public for the first time.
Information diffusion analysis: process, model, deployment, and application
Authors: Singh Shashank Sheshar , Srivastava Divya , Verma Madhushi , Muhuri Samya
Published: January 2025

The information deployment on social networks through word-of-mouth spreading by online users has contributed well to forming opinions, social groups, and connections. This process of information deployment is known as information diffusion. Its process and models play a significant role in social network analysis. Seeing this importance, the present paper focuses on the process, model, deployment, and applications of information diffusion analysis. First, this article discusses the background of the diffusion process, such as process, components, and models. Next, information deployment in social networks and their application have been discussed. A comparative analysis of literature corresponding to applications like influence maximization, link prediction, and community detection is presented. A brief description of performative evaluation metrics is illustrated. Current research challenges and the future direction of information diffusion analysis regarding social network applications have been discussed. In addition, some open problems of information diffusion for social network analysis are also presented.
Amplified Bimodal Distribution of Western North Pacific Tropical Cyclone Lifetime Maximum Intensity
Authors: Xiang Qian , Zhao Haikun , Klotzbach Philip J. , Su Tonghua , Wang Chao , Wu Liguang
Published: January 2025

The impact of a warming climate on tropical cyclones (TCs) remains unclear. Here, we find that the probability density function for western North Pacific TC lifetime maximum intensity (LMI) has an amplified bimodal distribution in recent years. This change implies a trend toward more extreme TCs and fewer moderate TCs. Changes in the TC LMI distribution are associated with alterations in the occurrence of rapidly intensifying TCs. Changes in TC tracks, due to alterations in the steering flow linked to a weakening Hadley cell, cause more TCs to move northwestward into a more favorable environment for intensification with large ocean heat content. Consequently, more rapidly intensifying TCs reach higher intensities, significantly contributing to the observed amplified bimodal distribution. These findings provide new insights into changes in TC intensity and highlight the increasing threat to coastal areas from more intense TCs in a warming climate.
Dynamic tuning of terahertz atomic lattice vibration via cross-scale mode coupling to nanomechanical resonance in WSe2 membranes
Authors: Xu Bo , Zhang Zejuan , Qin Jiaze , Wu Jiaqi , Wang Luming , Zhu Jiankai , Jiao Chenyin , Zhang Wanli , Xia Juan , Wang Zenghui
Published: January 2025

Nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) based on atomically-thin tungsten diselenide (WSe2), benefiting from the excellent material properties and the mechanical degree of freedom, offer an ideal platform for studying and exploiting dynamic strain engineering and cross-scale vibration coupling in two-dimensional (2D) crystals. However, such opportunity has remained largely unexplored for WSe2 NEMS, impeding exploration of exquisite physical processes and realization of novel device functions. Here, we demonstrate dynamic coupling between atomic lattice vibration and nanomechanical resonances in few-layer WSe2 NEMS. Using a custom-built setup capable of simultaneously detecting Raman and motional signals, we accomplish cross-scale mode coupling between the THz crystal phonon and MHz structural vibration, achieving GHz frequency tuning in the atomic lattice modes with a dynamic gauge factor of 61.9, the best among all 2D crystals reported to date. Our findings show that such 2D NEMS offer great promises for exploring cross-scale physics in atomically-thin semiconductors.
Tp53 determines the spatial dynamics of M1/M2 tumor-associated macrophages and M1-driven tumoricidal effects
Authors: Hsiao Yi-Jing , Hsieh Min-Shu , Chang Gee-Chen , Hsu Yin-Chen , Wang Chia-Yu , Chen Yan-Ming , Chen Yi-Ling , Yang Pan-Chyr , Yu Sung-Liang
Published: January 2025

The spatial role of M1 and M2 tumor-associated macrophages (M1/M2 TAMs) in precision medicine remains unclear. EGFR and TP53 are among the most frequently mutated genes in lung adenocarcinoma. We characterized the mutation status and density of M1/M2 TAMs within tumor islets and stroma in 117 lung adenocarcinomas using next-generation sequencing and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Stromal M1 TAMs were positively correlated with disease progression and smoking history. In contrast, islet M1/M2 TAMs were predominantly found in tumors with wild-type TP53 (wtp53) but not associated with EGFR status. The presence of wtp53 was associated with the spatial distribution of M1/M2 TAMs in tumor islets and stroma. Additionally, dominance of islet M1 TAMs and M1-signature were significantly associated with improved survival in patients with wtp53 lung adenocarcinoma, unlike in those with mutant TP53. Conditioned medium from M1 macrophages (M1 CM) induced apoptosis in wtp53 cells through increased p53 accumulation. We found that interferons in M1 CM activate JAK1/TYK2 via IFNARs, leading to enhanced STAT1 expression and Y701 phosphorylation. This activation facilitates p53-STAT1 interactions, reduces the interaction between p53 and MDM2, and subsequently decreases p53 ubiquitination. M1 CM inhibited tumorigenesis, and silencing p53 reduced the anti-tumor efficacy of polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) in vivo. Furthermore, higher M1-signature was significantly associated with better responses and survival following anti-PD1 treatment in wtp53 melanomas. IFNs/STAT1/p53 signaling was critical for the anti-tumor activity of M1 macrophages. These findings suggest that p53 modulates the spatial balance of M1/M2 TAMs, and the tumoricidal effects of M1 TAMs depend on p53 status. Thus, p53 companion diagnostics could facilitate the development of M1-oriented therapies, which may be particularly beneficial for wtp53 patients when combined with immunotherapy.
Highly bright perovskite light-emitting diodes enabled by retarded Auger recombination
Authors: Li Zhiqi , Wei Qi , Wang Yu , Tao Cong , Zou Yatao , Liu Xiaowang , Li Ziwei , Wu Zhongbin , Li Mingjie , Guo Wenbin , Li Gang , Xu Weidong , Gao Feng
Published: January 2025

One of the key advantages of perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) is their potential to achieve high performance at much higher current densities compared to conventional solution-processed emitters. However, state-of-the-art PeLEDs have not yet reached this potential, often suffering from severe current-efficiency roll-off under intensive electrical excitations. Here, we demonstrate bright PeLEDs, with a peak radiance of 2409 W sr−1 m−2 and negligible current-efficiency roll-off, maintaining high external quantum efficiency over 20% even at current densities as high as 2270 mA cm−2. This significant improvement is achieved through the incorporation of electron-withdrawing trifluoroacetate anions into three-dimensional perovskite emitters, resulting in retarded Auger recombination due to a decoupled electron-hole wavefunction. Trifluoroacetate anions can additionally alter the crystallization dynamics and inhibit halide migration, facilitating charge injection balance and improving the tolerance of perovskites under high voltages. Our findings shed light on a promising future for perovskite emitters in high-power light-emitting applications, including laser diodes.
Enantioselective Heck/Tsuji−Trost reaction of flexible vinylic halides with 1,3-dienes
Authors: Zhang Li-Zhi , Zhang Pei-Chao , Wang Qian , Zhou Min , Zhang Junliang
Published: January 2025

The enantioselective domino Heck/cross-coupling has emerged as a powerful tool in modern chemical synthesis for decades. Despite significant progress in relative rigid skeleton substrates, the implementation of asymmetric Heck/cross-coupling cascades of highly flexible haloalkene substrates remains a challenging and and long-standing goal. Here we report an efficient asymmetric domino Heck/Tsuji−Trost reaction of highly flexible vinylic halides with 1,3-dienes enabled by palladium catalysis. Specifically, the Heck insertion as stereodetermining step to form ƞ3 allyl palladium complex and in situ trapping with nucleophiles enable efficient Heck/etherification in a formal (4 + 2) cycloaddition manner. Engineering the Sadphos bearing androgynous non-C2-symmetric chiral sulfinamide phosphine ligands are vital component in achieving excellent catalytic reactivity and enantioselectivity. This strategy offers a general, modular and divergent platform for rapidly upgrading feedstock flexible vinylic halides and dienes to various value-added molecules and is expected to inspire the development of other challenging enantioselective domino Heck/cross-couplings.
Intrinsic p53 activation restricts gammaherpesvirus driven germinal center B cell expansion during latency establishment
Authors: Owens Shana M. , Sifford Jeffrey M. , Li Gang , Murdock Steven J. , Salinas Eduardo , Oldenburg Darby , Ghosh Debopam , Stumhofer Jason S. , Nookaew Intawat , Manzano Mark , Forrest J. Craig
Published: January 2025

Gammaherpesviruses are DNA tumor viruses that establish lifelong latent infections in lymphocytes. For viruses such as Epstein-Barr virus and murine gammaherpesvirus 68, this is accomplished through a viral gene-expression program that promotes cellular proliferation and differentiation, especially of germinal center B cells. Intrinsic host mechanisms that control virus-driven cellular expansion are incompletely defined. Using a small-animal model of gammaherpesvirus pathogenesis, we demonstrate in vivo that the tumor suppressor p53 is activated specifically in B cells latently infected by murine gammaherpesvirus 68. In the absence of p53, the early expansion of murine gammaherpesvirus 68 latency greatly increases, especially in germinal center B cells, a cell type whose proliferation is conversely restricted by p53. We identify the B cell-specific latency gene M2, a viral promoter of germinal center B cell differentiation, as a viral protein sufficient to elicit a p53-dependent anti-proliferative response caused by Src-family kinase activation. We further demonstrate that Epstein-Barr virus-encoded latent membrane protein 1 similarly triggers a p53 response in primary B cells. Our data highlight a model in which gammaherpesvirus latency gene-expression programs that promote B cell proliferation and differentiation to facilitate viral colonization of the host trigger aberrant cellular proliferation that is controlled by p53.
Cryopreserved human alternatively activated macrophages promote resolution of acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mouse
Authors: Candela Maria Elena , Addison Melisande , Aird Rhona , Man Tak-Yung , Cartwright Jennifer A. , Ashmore-Harris Candice , Kilpatrick Alastair M. , Starkey Lewis Philip J. , Drape Anna , Barnett Mark , Mitchell Donna , McLean Colin , McGowan Neil , Turner Marc , Dear James W. , Forbes Stuart J.
Published: January 2025

Acute liver failure is a rapidly progressing, life-threatening condition most commonly caused by an overdose of acetaminophen (paracetamol). The antidote, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), has limited efficacy when liver injury is established. If acute liver damage is severe, liver failure can rapidly develop with associated high mortality rates. We have previously demonstrated that alternatively, activated macrophages are a potential therapeutic option to reverse acute liver injury in pre-clinical models. In this paper, we present data using cryopreserved human alternatively activated macrophages (hAAMs)—which represent a potential, rapidly available treatment suitable for use in the acute setting. In a mouse model of APAP-induced injury, peripherally injected cryopreserved hAAMs reduced liver necrosis, modulated inflammatory responses, and enhanced liver regeneration. hAAMs were effective even when administered after the therapeutic window for NAC. This cell therapy approach represents a potential treatment for APAP overdose when NAC is ineffective because liver injury is established.
The growth of super-large pre-planetary pebbles to an impact erosion limit
Authors: Teiser J. , Penner J. , Joeris K. , Onyeagusi F. C. , Kollmer J. E. , Daab D. , Wurm G.
Published: January 2025

The early evolution of dust in protoplanetary disks is dominated by sticking collisions. However, this initial phase of particle growth faces constraints, notably from destructive encounters. To find the maximum particle size achievable, we studied collisional processes during a prolonged microgravity experiment aboard a suborbital flight. Specifically, we describe an impact erosion limit. We observed individual basalt beads, each measuring 0.5 mm in diameter, colliding with and either eroding or adhering to a cluster several centimetres in size. This cluster, formed from tribocharged particles, simulates an electrostatic growth phase that surpasses the classical bouncing barrier. We found a threshold velocity of about 0.5 m s−1, which separates additive and erosive impacts of individual beads. Numerical simulations of grains impacting clusters, for both low and high charge constituents, corroborate the experimental findings of surface erosion within the observed velocity range. This specific velocity threshold supports the potential formation of pebbles several centimetres in size within protoplanetary disks. Such dimensions place these pebbles well into a regime in which hydrodynamic interactions might facilitate the formation of planetesimals.
A data-driven state identification method for intelligent control of the joint station export system
Authors: Xu Guangli , Wang Yifu , Zhou Zhihao , Lu Yifeng , Cai Liangxue
Published: January 2025

As a necessary part of intelligent control of a joint station, the automatic identification of abnormal conditions and automatic adjustment of operation schemes need to judge the running state of the system. In this paper, a combination of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Gray Wolf Optimizer (GWO) is proposed to optimize the Backpropagation Neural Network (BP) model (PSO-GWO-BP) and a pressure drop prediction model for the joint station export system is established using PSO-GWO-BP. Compared with the traditional hydraulic calculation modified (THCM) models and other machine learning algorithms, the PSO-GWO-BP model has significant advantages in prediction accuracy. Based on the PSO-GWO-BP pressure drop prediction model, the determination method of state identification threshold is established, and a state identification method based on dynamic threshold is proposed, which realizes the intelligent identification of the system operation state by automatically adjusting the threshold. Through the analysis of the production and operation data of the joint station, the abnormal working conditions are successfully identified, and the effectiveness and accuracy of the method are verified. This method not only enhances the ability to discriminate abnormal working conditions but also adaptively adjusts the operation scheme, which effectively improves the intelligence level of the joint station export system.
Arabidopsis conditional photosynthesis mutants abc1k1 and var2 accumulate partially processed thylakoid preproteins and are defective in chloroplast biogenesis
Authors: Collombat Joy , Quadroni Manfredo , Douet Véronique , Pipitone Rosa , Longoni Fiamma , Kessler Felix
Published: January 2025

Photosynthetic activity is established during chloroplast biogenesis. In this study we used 680 nm red light to overexcite Photosystem II and disrupt photosynthesis in two conditional mutants (var2 and abc1k1) which reversibly arrested chloroplast biogenesis. During biogenesis, chloroplasts import most proteins associated with photosynthesis. Some of these must be inserted in or transported across the thylakoid membrane into the thylakoid lumen. They are synthesized in the cytoplasm with cleavable targeting sequences and the lumenal ones have bi-partite targeting sequences (first for the chloroplast envelope, second for the thylakoid membrane). Cleavage of these peptides is required to establish photosynthesis and a critical step of chloroplast biogenesis. We employ a combination of Western blotting and mass spectrometry to analyze proteins in var2 and abc1k1. Under red light, var2 and abc1k1 accumulated incompletely cleaved processing intermediates of thylakoid proteins. These findings correlated with colorless cotyledons, and defects in both chloroplast morphology and photosynthesis. Together the results provide evidence for the requirement of active photosynthesis for processing of photosystem-associated thylakoid proteins and concomitantly progression of chloroplast biogenesis.
Small molecules and heat treatments reverse vernalization via epigenetic modification in Arabidopsis
Authors: Otsuka Nana , Yamaguchi Ryoya , Sawa Hikaru , Kadofusa Naoya , Kato Nanako , Nomura Yasuyuki , Yamaguchi Nobutoshi , Nagano Atsushi J. , Sato Ayato , Shirakawa Makoto , Ito Toshiro
Published: January 2025

Monocarpic plants flower only once and then produce seeds. Many monocarpic plants require a cold treatment known as vernalization before they flower. This requirement delays flowering until the plant senses warm temperatures in the spring. Exposure to high temperatures following vernalization causes devernalization, which cancels the vernalized state, inhibiting flowering and promoting vegetative growth. In this study, we screened over 16,000 chemical compounds and identified five small molecules (devernalizers; DVRs) that induce devernalization in Arabidopsis thaliana at room temperature without requiring a high-temperature treatment. Treatment with DVRs reactivated the expression of FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC), a master repressor of flowering, by reducing the deposition of repressive histone modifications, thereby delaying flowering time. Three of the DVRs identified shared two structures: a hydantoin-like region and a spiro-like carbon. Treatment with DVR06, which has a simple chemical structure containing these domains, delayed flowering time and reduced the deposition of repressive histone modifications at FLC. RNA-seq and ChIP-seq analyses revealed both shared and specific transcriptomic and epigenetic effects between DVR06- and heat-induced devernalization. Overall, our extensive chemical screening indicated that hydantoin and spiro are key chemical signatures that reduce repressive histone modifications and promote devernalization in plants.
Biointerface engineering of flexible and wearable electronics
Authors: Belay Alebel Nibret , Guo Rui , Ahmadian Koudakan Payam , Pan Shuaijun
Published: January 2025

This review provides insights into the biointerface interactions of wearable patches, focusing on their design strategies, research progress, and emerging medical applications.
GSAG:Ce scintillator: insights from yttrium admixture
Authors: Zapadlík Ondřej , Pejchal Jan , Babin Vladimir , Jarý Vítězslav , Vaněček Vojtěch , Kučerková Romana , Jurek Karel , Beitlerová Alena , Nikl Martin
Published: January 2025

Research on yttrium-admixed GSAG:Ce scintillators reveals that the stoichiometric composition enhances the light yield and reduces thermal quenching. It paves the way towards advanced cost-effective alternatives to GGAG:Ce scintillators.
Engineering 0.8BiFeO3–0.2BaTiO3 multiferroics with improved dielectric and magnetic properties via samarium doping
Authors: Krir Houda , Gadhoumi F. , Abdelmoula N. , Tabellout M. , Khemakhem H. , Randrianantoandro N.
Published: January 2025

Samarium (Sm) modification is emerging as a powerful strategy to manipulate the electrical response of 0.8BiFeO3–0.2BaTiO3 (BFBT) multiferroic ceramics.
Surface Bi-vacancy and corona polarization engineered nanosheets with sonopiezocatalytic antibacterial activity for wound healing
Authors: Wu Mingbo , Li Dong , Liu Yao , Ruan Xiaomiao , Yang Jingwen , Li Zegang , Chen Siyi , Yang Xin , Ling Wenwu
Published: January 2025

BiOBr-BiVP nanosheets enhance piezoelectric properties by improving charge separation and migration. Meanwhile, Bi vacancies increase adsorption and reaction sites for ROS and CO generation, achieving the bacterial eradication and wound healing.
Accessibility to Obstetric Care and Its Impact on Maternal Health in Southeastern oases, Morocco
Authors: Aouni Khadija , Zayar Fatima Zahra , Mouilly Mustapha , El Bouhali Bachir
Published: January 2025

Limited access to obstetric care for pregnant women in rural areas increases the risk of maternal mortality. A geographic information system (GIS) was used to analyze spatial and temporal access to obstetric care in southeastern Morocco. The obstetric records of 1,304 pregnant women were examined to determine the diagnosis upon arrival and the duration of ambulance transport. According to maps generated by the GIS, 19 obstetric cases were more than 100 kilometers away from the regional hospital, and 16 cases required over two hours for transport to the regional hospital. Univariate binary logistic regression analysis confirmed that delays exceeding two hours between the sending hospital and the receiving regional hospital increased the likelihood of pregnant women arriving with hemorrhage (OR: 2.82 (1.38, 5.79), p = 0.005). The study revealed the consequences of restricted access to obstetric care on the health of pregnant women, highlighting the need for targeted strategies to improve access to obstetric services in this region.
The role of geographic information systems (GIS) in decision-making for the localization of industrial areas and the evaluation of existing industrial areas (an applied study in the Nador province)
Authors: El Monhim Bilal , Sbai Abdelkader , Arabi Mourad , Makkaoui Mohamed , Hlal Mohammed , Benrbia Khadija
Published: January 2025

The study presents a comprehensive analysis of industrial localization in Nador Province, northeastern Morocco. By employing a descriptive and analytical methodology, we have thoroughly examined the province's natural and human data, diagnosing all indicators influencing the process of industrial localization. Our comprehensive approach has classified the area based on its suitability for industrial localization, ranging from ideal to unsuitable regions. The ideal areas for manufacturing, estimated to cover approximately 1,469 hectares, represent 0.5% of the province's total area. The suitable areas for establishing industrial units, estimated to cover 14,211 hectares, represent 5.4% of the province's total area. These comprehensive findings, which encompass several municipalities, such as Selouane, Al Aroui, Ouled Settout, Beni Ansar, and Zaio, provide a robust foundation for policymakers, urban planners, and industrial stakeholders. Furthermore, our correlation between the current industrial zones delineated in the direction plan, Nador Horizon 2040, and the outcomes derived from the spatial analysis of industrial localization factors using geographic information systems (GIS), adds to the validity and comprehensiveness of our research.
Quantification of soil losses using RUSLE model in the Boumlal watershed (Central Rif, Morocco)
Authors: El Ouazani Ech-Chahdi Khadija , El-Bouhali Abdelaziz , Amyay Mhamed
Published: January 2025

This contribution estimates soil losses in the Boumlal watershed by applying the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) and using GIS and remote sensing. This model incorporates five essential factors in water erosion: rainfall erosivity (R), soil erodibility (K), slope length (LS), cover management (C), and erosion control practice (P). The overlay of these parameters makes it possible to produce the synthetic map of annual soil losses (t/ha/year) and identify the most vulnerable areas to water erosion. The results indicate that Boumlal watershed is characterized by high sediment production. Indeed, more than 40% of the watershed produces a considerable amount of sediment exceeding 50 t/ha/year, with soil losses reaching over 200 t/ha/year in some parts of the study area. However, areas with low erosion rates represent approximately 33% of the total watershed area. The extent of water erosion and the high soil loss values are linked to the study area's vulnerability and inadequate anthropogenic interventions. Water erosion in this watershed directly affects soil quality, agricultural land productivity, arable land area, and the siltation of downstream reservoirs.
Impact of human activities on the Marchica lagoon ecosystem in northeast Morocco
Authors: Hlal Mohammed , El Monhim Bilal , Bouymajjan Mohamed , Sbai Abdelkader , Benrbia Khadija , Cwick Gary , El Harradji Abderrahmane , Benata Mohamed , Saidi Abdelouahid
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze and assess the human-induced pressures on the Marchica lagoon ecosystem in north-eastern Morocco, a designated Site of Biological and Ecological Interest (SBEI) known for its rich biodiversity. Employing a multifaceted approach, the research will: examine existing scientific literature on the lagoon's biodiversity and documented human activities, utilize spatial data (e.g., land use maps, pollution levels) to assess the spatial distribution of human activities and potential impacts, and potentially conduct field observations to gather data on the current state of the lagoon. However, human activities have progressively exerted ever-increasing pressure on this fragile ecosystem more than 70% of the pressure comes from urban and agricultural activities. This comprehensive analysis aims to identify and quantify human-induced pressures on the lagoon's health and biodiversity, ultimately highlighting the importance of SBEI preservation and informing future management strategies for the lagoon's long-term sustainability.
Combining GIS and machine learning for enhanced tsunami risk management: A review of current approaches and unexplored future potential
Authors: Tahri Ayoub , Beroho Mohamed , Tichli Soufiane , El Talibi Hajar , El Moussaoui Said , Aboumaria Khadija
Published: January 2025

This review article aims to discuss the current status and future potential of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in map-based technology of tsunami risk management, especially in seismically active, well-known tsunami regions of the world. It presents GIS technologies for hazard mapping, risk assessment, and information generation for disaster-response operations. These are important tools for accurately mapping vulnerable areas by integrating real-time and historical data to develop accurate forecasts for possible tsunamis. Demographic and geographic data were also analyzed by GIS to determine the optimum route to develop evacuation strategies. A set of case studies demonstrates how GIS improves community resilience by supporting informed decision-making. In addition, suggestions are made for how future steeps as the integration of machine learning techniques as emerging tools for analyzing and classifying complex and vast datasets, which may enhance GIS applications in tsunami risk management to improve the accuracy and utility of these tools.
Real-time energy efficiency analysis of buildings using ir imaging and computer vision
Authors: Lupoiu Teodor , Carutasiu Mihail-Bogdan , Necula Horia
Published: January 2025

Reducing consumption of energy and emissions of greenhouse gas emissions is a critical worldwide problem, with the buildings’ sector accounting for up to 44% of fossil fuel consumption. Residential buildings, in particular, have great technical potential for energy savings. Our study addresses this by creating a model for real-time energy efficiency analysis of building insulation using infrared imagery and computer vision. The model monitors and offers important insights of energy transfer by continually evaluating a building’s thermal envelope. Additionally, an experimental stand comprising of a miniature model house made from different materials and insulation types, an IR camera and a Raspberry Pi were considered. It will provide data for an AI based model, which employs a robust and already proven architecture, YOLOv8 namely, used to determine the thermal characteristics of the analysed materials and the energy performances respectively.