bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS RESENSI NOVEL MELALUI TEKNIK PETA PIKIRAN BAGI SISWA KELAS XI DI SMAN I SINDANG KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU
Authors: Effendi Rustam
Published: February 2020

Keterampilan menulis resensi novel bagi siswa perlu diajarkan dengan baik. Karena lewat keterampilan menulis resensi itulah diharapkan siswa dapat memulai mencintai karya sastra. Membaca novel merupakan bagian yang tak dapat dipisahkan dalam konteks pembelajaran sastra di sekolah. Pembelajaran sastra di sekolah kerap menjadi masalah bila tidak  diajarkan dengan baik oleh guru. Guru perlu memilih metode atau teknik pembelajaran sastra yang tepat. Teknik peta pikiran dalam mengasah keterampilan menulis resensi novel diharapkan dapat menjadi solusi atas masalah itu. Artikel hasil penelitian ini membahas peningkatan keteranmpilan menulis novel bagi siswa kelas XI di SMAN I Sindang Kabupaten Indramayu melalui teknik peta pikiran. Penelitian ini mengunakan metode eksperimen semu. Artinya, membandingkan kelas eksperiman dengan kelas kontrol dengan perlakuan teknik yang berbeda dalam menulis resensi novel. Simpulan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa menulis resensi novel bagi siswa kelas XI di SMAN I Sindang Kabupaten Indramayu dengan teknik peta pikiran efektif.

 

Kata kunci: keterampilan menulis, resensi, novel, teknik peta pikiran.
EFEKTIVITAS METODE PETA PIKIRAN DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MENULIS TEKS BERITA SISWA KELAS VIII SMPN 1 WIDASARI
Authors: Juidah Imas
Published: February 2020

This study aims to: (1) find out the activity of the teacher and eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Widasari Indramayu in learning writing of news item text by using mind mapping, (2) know the ability profile of eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Widasari in writing news item text before and after using mind mapping, (3) know  the effectivity of mind mapping method toward writing news item text ability of the eighth grade students in SMP Negeri 1 Widasari. To achieve that goal, quasi-experimental research design with one group pretest-posttest is conducted. The results showed: (1) the teacher activity in learning writing of news item text by using mind mapping is in good categories with the score 82.5. Student activity in learning writing of news item text by using mind mapping is in good categories with the percentage of 53.33, (2) the students ability profile in learning writing of news item text before using the mind mapping is in sufficient category with an average score 65.2. While the profile of students ability in learning writing of news item text after using mind mapping is in good categories with an average score 83.53, (3) mind mapping method effective the ability to write news item text because tcount (3.233) is higher than ttable (1.701).

Keywords: Learning, Method, Mind Mapping, Learning Achievement in Writing News Item Text
Hrvatska mikrotoponimija u Mađarskoj – u Pomurju, Podravini i u gradišćanskih kajkavaca
Authors: Lončarić Mijo , Barić Ernest , Gadányi Karlo
Published: February 2020

Ovo je prethodno
priopćenje o temi, koja je vrlo opsežna i slojevita, o kojoj će trebati
izraditi više radova, a najbolje bi bilo izraditi barem 1-2 disertacije. To je hrvatska mikrotoponimijia u Mađarskoj, i to u
Pomurju (Županija Zala), u Podravini
(Županija Šomođ – Somogy), te mikrotoponimija gradišćanskih kajkavaca, na
Nežiderskom / Niuzaljskom jezeru (Neusiedler See, Fertő tó) na sjeverozapadu
Mađarske (Đursko-mošonsko-šopronska županija – Győr-Moson-Sopron megye). U Pomurju je desetak sela, od kojih neka imaju
većinom hrvatska imena. gdje hrvatski govori pripadaju međimurskom dijalektu, i
to donjem (istočnom) poddijalektu. Uz austrijski granicu dva su kajkavska sela
(Homok / Umok i Vedešin / Hedešin), koja pripadaju gradišćanskohrvatskom krugu. Bez obzira na porijeklo, već je Ivšić pokazao da je velika sličnost tih
govora s međimurskima.
To je hrvatska kajkavska mikrotoponimija
u Mađarskoj, koje ima nešto i u
Podravini, gdje je većinom štokavska. Kad se obrađuje mikrotoponimija pojedinih sela u Podravlju, treba
obraditi svu, bez obzira je li kajkavska ili štokavska.
PENERAPAN METODE RESITASI DAN DRILL DALAM MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN PSIKOLOGI PENDIDIKAN PADA MAHASISWA PENDIDIKAN EKONOMI UNIVERSITAS PAMULANG
Authors: LUBIS METHA
Published: February 2020

ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan aktivitas belajar mahasiswa kelas 05PIEM001 Pendidikan Ekonomi, FKIP, Universitas Pamulang pada pembelajaran  Psikologi Pendidikan melalui metode Resitasi dan Drill. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah mix method, dengan metodologi Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Adapun desain PTK yang digunakan adalah Kurt Lewin yang terdiri 3 siklus. Subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa kelas 05PIEM001 Pendidikan Ekonomi, FKIP, Universitas Pamulang. Instrumen penelitian yaitu lembar observasi aktivitas mahasiswa, dan soal tes untuk mengetahui ketuntasan belajar mahasiswa pada pembelajaran Psikologi Pendidikan. Teknik analisis data menggunakan statistika deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siklus I, jumlah mahasiswa yang aktif mencapai 47% dan persentase ketuntasan hasil belajar mencapai 59%. Pada siklus II jumlah mahasiswa yang aktif meningkat menjadi 60% dan persentase ketuntasan hasil belajar meningkat menjadi 77%. Pada siklus III yang sekaligus menjadi hasil dalam penelitian ini, jumlah mahasiswa yang aktif meningkat menjadi 74% dan presentasi ketuntasan hasil belajar mahasiswa ikut meningkat menjadi 91%. Simpulan penelitian adalah metode Resitasi dan Drill mampu meningkatkan aktivitas belajar mahasiswa pada pembelajaran Psikologi Pendidikan kelas 05PIEM001 Pendidikan Ekonomi, FKIP, Universitas Pamulang tahun ajaran 2018/2019. Kata Kunci: Metode Drill, Metode Resitasi, Aktivitas Belajar, Psikologi                   Pendidikan
The impact of diseases on economic growth: the case of Viet Nam
Authors: Thanh Thai Pham , Thanh Le Nguyen
Published: February 2020

The spread of diseases is a global challenge which affects life expectancy, productivity and economic growth. A healthy workforce has a faster acquisition of new knowledge to apply it to production and maintains high productivity, thereby promoting economic growth. On the contrary, a disease-infected workforce may have a low level of productivity, high expenses for disease treatment, insufficient health and finance to acquire new knowledge and as such, slowing down the economic growth. This study examines the implications of major infectious diseases, including HIV/AIDS, dengue, malaria and tuberculosis on the economic growth of Vietnam. The cointegration regression model with the ordinary least squares method is applied in the estimation procedure on a time series dataset obtained from World Bank, World Health Organization, UN and the Ministry of Health of Vietnam from 1986 to 2016. The results indicate that the number of new patients of any major infectious disease is negatively related to per-capita income. In particular, a 1% increase in the number of new patients with HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, dengue and malaria leads to a decrease of 0.022%, 0.095%, 0.015% and 0.057% in yearly income, respectively. These findings have significant policy implications in terms of improving the effectiveness of the prevention of infectious diseases, protection of public health so as to boost the economic growth of the country. In addition, the results also provide add to the current literature evidence of the relationship between public health and economic growth in Vietnam.
Nurses' Stress and Anxiety in Acute and Intermediete Ward at Mental Health Hospital Riau
Authors: Nelvica Salny  , Eka Malfasari
Published: February 2020

Psychiatric health nurses work with patients who experience ineffective coping mechanisms for the illness they are experiencing. This makes psychiatric nurses often deal with patients who show different types of symptoms with behavioural problems such as violence, assault, and suicide when hospitalized for anxiety and stress for nurses. The purpose of this study was to determine the difference of anxiety level and stress on nurses in acute room and intermediate room. The type of this study was quantitative with comparative analytic design using cross sectional study approach. The sample in this study were 19 acute room nurses and 90 intermediate room nurses. This research was conducted in April 2018 in the treatment room at RSJ Riau Province. The measuring tool used the DASS 42 questionnaire using anxiety and stress questionnaires. The analysis used univariate and bivariate analysis using independent t test statistic for stress variable and Mann Whitney Test for anxiety variable. The results of this study showed there was no difference in the level of anxiety on the nurses in the acute room and intermediate room seen from p value of 0.952 (> 0.05). And there is a difference of stress level on nurses in acute room and intermediate room seen from p value 0,000 (<0,005). Based on the results of this study, nurses are expected to recognize the response level of anxiety and stress experienced by nurses.
Effect of Family Assistance During Operation on The Level of Anxiety of Sectio Caesarea Patients in RSIA Stella Maris Medan
Authors: Suherni
Published: February 2020

Surgical action is one of the potential and actual threats to the integrity of a person who can arouse anxiety when dealing with it, so there is a need for psychological preparation when facing surgery. The most common surgical procedure is sectiocaesarea. In sectiosaesarea surgery a mother will experience anxiety, of course this can be dangerous if not handled properly. One of the treatments is with good psychological preparation that is from yourself and support from the closest family. The type of research used was observational analytic with the aim to determine the effect of family assistance during surgery on the anxiety level of Sectio Caesarea patients. The population in this study were all patients postoperative caesarean section. The sample used with the Purposive Sampling method is the technique of determining the sample based on certain considerations, the sample size is 50 respondents.The data processing tool used is SPSS 17.0 For Windows Release. The Mann-Whitney Test was used to analyze data. The results showed p-value = 0,000 (p-value <0.05) which means that there were significant differences between the anxiety levels of group patients accompanied by families with those who were not accompanied by family during sectiocaesareasurgery.It is recommended to health services, especially the Stella Maris Hospital in Medan, to continue to facilitate families to assist patients who undergo surgical procedures for caesarean section so that they can reduce the level of anxiety for patients who will undergo surgery. Researchers expect that nurses can provide emotional support and motivation to patients to improve patient self-acceptance.
Degree of Acidity, Salivary Flow Rate and Caries Index in Electronic Cigarette Users in Sleman Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Lestari Dyah Ayu , Tandelilin Regina TC. , Rahman Friska Ani
Published: February 2020

Introduction: The Yogyakarta Special Region ranks sixth for highest number of smokers of the 33 provinces in Indonesia. Smokers account for 31.6% of the total population. Sleman Regency ranks fourth in daily consumption of cigarettes of the five regencies or cities in Yogyakarta. The body part most exposed to direct cigarette smoke is the oral cavity. Saliva is a liquid secreted inside the oral cavity to act as a buffer. Nicotine content in conventional cigarettes is known to diminish the salivary flow rate and the acidity (pH) of the saliva. A continual decrease in saliva pH over time may cause dental caries. The use of electronic cigarettes is a nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) method to help people quit smoking; they emit a lower nicotine level than conventional cigarettes. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the saliva pH, salivary flow rates, and caries index of electronic cigarette smokers. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional method to compare the saliva pH, salivary flow rate, and caries index of 30 smokers of electronic cigarettes and 30 non-smokers as a control group. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0 software and considered statistically significant at p < 0.05. Results: The Mann-Whitney analysis showed a significant difference in the saliva pH between electronic cigarette smokers and non-smokers. Independent T-Test analysis showed no significant difference in the salivary flow rates of the two groups. The Mann-Whitney analysis also showed no significant difference in the caries index of the groups. Conclusion: Results indicated that there is a significant difference in the saliva pH of electronic cigarette smokers, while the salivary flow rates and caries indices of electronic cigarette smokers and non-smokers were similar.
Should I Bike or Should I Drive? Comparative Analysis of Travel Speeds in Montreal
Authors: Saunier Nicolas , Chabin Vincent
Published: February 2020

Travel time remains one if not the most important factor for mode choice. Cycling is generally considered to be competitive compared to cars in dense urban areas. This paper compares the travel speeds of both modes in Montreal extracted from crowd-sourced trip data. Although car travel is generally faster than bicycle travel, the difference tends to decrease during peak hours or in downtown areas. More than this general difference, travel speed for a significant proportion of cyclists is higher than for the slowest cars. Temporal variation in bicycle travel speed is also smaller than for cars.
Predictive analysis of the situation of tuberculosis in the world based on the results of the annual WHO report
Authors: Todoriko L. D. , Gumeniuk М. I. , Shevchenko O. S. , Yeremenchuk I. V. , Semianiv I. O.
Published: February 2020

Background. A statistical analysis published in the WHO report for 2019 showed that almost 10.0 million people (about 9.0-11.1 million) fell ill with tuberculosis (TB) worldwide in 2018. The purpose of a systematic examination and analysis of the WHO report is to summarize the achievements and study of complex issues in overcoming tuberculosis in the world at the present stage, that need more attention, more scrutiny, or a change in approach to addressing specific challenges towards achieving the strategic global goals for eradicating this infection.

Materials and methods. We used test access to such full – text and abstract databases: a single package of the information database EBSCO; the largest abstract and citation database of peer-reviewed literature Scopus; Google Scholar; MEDLINE with Full Text; MEDLINE Complete; Dyna Med Plus; EBSCO eBooks Clinical Collection; Web of Science Core Collection WoS (CC); SCIE (Science Citation Index Expanded); SSCI (Social Science Citation Index); AHCI (Artand Humanities Citation Index).

Results and discussion. By geography, most TB cases in 2018 were reported in the WHO regions: Southeast Asia – 44 %, African – 24 % and Western Pacific – 18 %. Lower percentages were recorded in the Eastern Mediterranean (8 %), America (3 %) and Europe (3 %). Eight countries account for two – thirds of the world’s total TB cases: India (27 %), China (9 %), Indonesia (8 %), Philippines (6 %), Pakistan (6 %), Nigeria (4 %), Bangladesh (4 %) and South Africa (3 %). These and 22 other countries on the WHO list of 30 high tuberculosis countries account for 87 % of TB worldwide. Multidrugresistant tuberculosis (MDRTB) continues to be a public health threat worldwide. In 2018, about half a million new cases of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis were reported (of which 78 % had multidrug-resistant tuberculosis). The three countries with the largest share of the global MRTB burden are India (27 %), China (14%) and the Russian Federation (9 %). Globally, 3.4 % of new cases of tuberculosis and 18% of previously treated cases are tuberculosis with extensively resistance or rifampicin-resistant (MDR/RR-TB), with the highest rates of detection (>50 % in previously detected cases) in the countries of the former Soviet Union.

Conclusion. The epidemic situation in TB in the world and Ukraine remains complex and at this stage has certain peculiarities, and the prognosis for its overcoming shortly is rather doubtful. There is a tendency to reduce the incidence of tuberculosis, but several complex and controversial issues have been outlined for the eradication of this infectious disease by WHO’s End TB strategy.
Adoption of improved potato varieties in jeldu district, oromia region, Ethiopia: a double-hurdle model
Authors: Ogeto MA , Mohammed JH , Bedada DG
Published: February 2020

Smallholder potato producers in Jeldu district produce potato for both home consumption and market. Adoption of improved varieties is suggested to improve and diversify farmers’ household income. This study intents to identify factors determining adoption and intensity of adoption of improved potato varieties in Jeldu district of West Shewa zone, Oromia region, Ethiopia. Both primary and secondary data were used. The primary data were collected from 140 sample households’ selected using two-stage random sampling techniques. Descriptive statics and double hurdle econometric model were used to analyze the data. Results indicate that sex of the household head, access to extension services, livestock ownership and farmers’ perception about the technology positively and significantly determined adoption of improved varieties in the district. In contrast, distance from the nearest market affected adoption of improved potato varieties negatively and significantly. Intensity of adoption is measured by the area of land allocated for improved potato varieties by farmers. The truncated result identified improved varieties yield perception, family size, livestock ownership and membership to agricultural cooperative influenced intensity of improved potato varieties adoption positively and significantly. Strengthening extension services to enhance farmers’ awareness about improved potato varieties infrastructure development, family planning, asset ownership and facilitating membership to cooperatives are recommended.

Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 9(2): 15-22, December 2019
Management of root-knot disease of pointed gourd through the application of nematicides and different organic amendments
Authors: Akhter B , Humaun MR , Ahamed KU
Published: February 2020

A field experiment was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Ishwardi, Pabna during 2013-14 to find out an effective integrated management package for controlling root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita of pointed gourd. The following treatments were T1 = Spore suspension of T. harzanium added to around the roots of seedling, T2 = Dry neem leaves @100 g seedling-1, T3 = Furadan 5G @ 40 kg ha-1, T4 = Poultry litter @ 5 t ha-1, T5 = Mustard oil cake @ 800 kg ha-1, T6 = Furadan 5G + Dry neem leaves, T7 = Furadan 5G + Poultry litter, T8 = Furadan 5G + Mustard oil cake and T9 = Control were tested for their performance against the disease. Gall index ranged from 3.33-7.67. Significantly lower gall index (3.33) was recorded in treatment T7= Furadan 5G + Poultry litter and maximum gall index (7.67) was recorded in treatment T9= Control plot. The highest yield (24.97 t ha-1) was recorded in Furadan 5G + Poultry litter treated plot where are the lowest yield (7.53 t ha-1) was in Control plot. The incorporation of Poultry litter with Furadan 5G increased the efficiency of the treatment and gave satisfactory result to reduce root knot disease and to improve plant growth and yield of pointed gourd.

Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 9(2): 51-56, December 2019
Звичаєве право Запорозької січі як важливий етап української державності
Authors: КОЛЬБЕНКО АНДРІЙ
Published: February 2020

Розвиток сучасної української держави обумовлений пошуком оптимальної моделі керівництва суспільством і регулювання різноманітних суспільних відносин. Тому, поряд із орієнтуванням на європейські правові традиції та цінності, важливим є врахування досвіду українського державотворення у різні історичні періоди. Особливо цікавими і важливими у цьому сенсі є правові звичаї та традиції, які існували в Запорозькій Січі, де великою мірою формувався менталітет і характер української нації.
Мета статті – з’ясувати вплив звичаєвого козацького права на правосвідомість українців у державотворчих процесах, а також визначити місце та роль Запорозької Січі в українському державотворенні у XVI–XVIII ст.
З’ясовано, що звичаєве право у запорозьких козаків відігравало важливу роль у регулюванні різноманітних суспільних відносин. Воно мало переважно усний характер і передавалося з покоління в покоління. Визнання та дотримання його норм було однією з умов перебування та про живання у козацькому середовищі. Звичаєве право сприяло виробленню особливої козацької правосвідомості, яка ґрунтувалася на гострому відчутті справедливості, рівності, чесності. Військовий стан, у якому майже постійно перебували козаки, вимагав безумовного та чіткого правопорядку і виконання обов’язків кожним із них. До військового стану був підпорядкований і соціально-економічний уклад, який давав змогу забезпечувати козаків усім необхідним. Через це норми звичаєвого права використовувалися у різноманітних сферах регулювання правовідносин: у способах і формах управління козаками та створення управлінських органів, у відносинах козаків між собою та сусідніми народами, а також у громадському житті та побуті. Козаць ке звичаєве право стало важливим етапом українського державотворення і правотворення. Значним позитивом було те, що українці заявили про себе всьому світові як окрема нація, яка має право на власну державу; значно підвищився рівень національної свідомості тогочасного українського народу; українці здобули досвід державотворення, який міцно вкоренився в історичну пам’ять і став надбанням наступних поколінь борців за Українську державу. Закарбувавшись у людській пам’яті, запорозьке козацтво нагадувало наступним поколінням про славні сторінки наших предків і закликало до подальшої боротьби за національну українську незалежну державу.
Основоположні засади та чинники формування національної правової системи Української козацької держави – Гетьманщини
Authors: ШЕВЧУК ЛІЛІАНА , ШЕВЧУК ТАРАС
Published: February 2020

Одним із етапів розвитку української державності була доба козацтва, ознаменована утворенням і діяльністю Української козацької держави – Гетьманщини в період 1649–1764 рр.
Метою статті є спроба підійти до питання аналізу формування національної правової системи в один із важливих періодів її еволюції, а саме в Українській козацькій державі – Гетьманщині не лише з позицій позитивізму, а й “jus naturalе”, тобто права природного.
Становлення і розвиток національної правової системи Гетьманщини відбувалися на засадах характерних для національних правових систем тогочасних європейських держав, основоположними серед яких є передусім історичність і наступність (спадковість) права. Значний вплив на характер і розвиток національної правової системи Гетьманщини справила європейська правова традиція, зокре ма обумовивши відповідний рівень правової культури Гетьманщини з притаманним їй правовим менталітетом. Її головні елементи, відтворюючи своєрідність і самобутність успадкованої правової культури, були стримуючим чинником на шляху поширення ментально чужої та відсталої за своєю сутністю і змістом російської правової системи.
Система домінуючих правових цінностей Української козацької держави формувалася у доволі складних умовах становлення і розвитку української державності. З середини XVII ст. у національній свідомості українців особливої ваги набувають такі політико-правові цінності-категорії, як свобода особистості, демократія, рівноправність, національна самоідентифікація тощо. Впродовж першої половини 1649 р. українському керівництву вперше в історії української суспільно-політичної думки вдалося сформувати національну державну ідею створення незалежної держави в етнічних межах України як провідну у визвольних змаганнях народу всіх наступних століть.
На початку XVIII ст. вперше в історії українського права було створено правові основи представницького правління та парламентаризму передусім завдяки появі Конституції П. Орлика 1710 р.
Позитивно вплинула на розвиток національної правової системи Гетьманщини і досить активна її міжнародно-правова діяльність. Українська козацька держава – Гетьманщина стала однією із важливих віх розвитку української державності, а її національно-правова система відобразила сутність і зміст намагань та прагнень українського народу до незалежності й самостійності.
Population genetic diversity and historical dynamics of Fraser’s dolphins Lagenodelphis hosei
Authors: Chen I , Nishida S , Chou LS , Isobe T , Mignucci-Giannoni AA , Hoelzel AR
Published: February 2020

Marine organisms face relatively few barriers to gene flow, and yet even highly mobile species such as dolphins often show population structure over regional geographic scales. Understanding the processes that promote this pattern of differentiation helps us understand the evolutionary radiation of this group, and to promote more effective measures for conservation. Here we report the first population genetic study of Fraser’s dolphinLagenodelphis hosei(Fraser, 1956), a species that was not recognized by the scientific communities until the early 1970s. We use 18 microsatellite DNA loci and 1 mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) locus to compare 112 Fraser’s dolphins collected in various locations, mainly from the waters off Japan, Taiwan, and the Philippines, but also including samples from the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. Our results indicate differentiation between populations in waters off Japan, Taiwan, and the Philippines, and support the findings from earlier morphological assessments for differentiation between Japanese and Philippine waters. Small sample sets also show likely differentiation between other regions in the North Pacific and North Atlantic Oceans. Moreover, neutrality tests and mismatch analysis based on mtDNA data indicate that the populations in the western North Pacific Ocean have expanded demographically and spatially, possibly since the latest global deglaciation, when sea levels and global temperatures started to rise.
UKURAN PERUSAHAAN MEMODERASI PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS, SOLVABILITAS DAN OPINI AUDITOR TERHADAP AUDIT DELAY PADA PERUSAHAAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Aprilliant Amor Sofandi , Setiyanti Sri Wiranti , Susanto Edy , Marhamah Marhamah
Published: February 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of company size, profitability, solvency and auditor opinion on audit delay, and to determine the ability of company size to moderate the effect of profitability, solvency and auditor opinion on audit delay. This research is a quantitative study, with the study population being mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016-2018. The sampling technique using purposive sampling technique obtained samples of 29 companies. Data collection uses the documentation method, with analysis techniques using multiple linear regression. The results of the study at the significance level of 5% indicate that: 1) profitability has no significant effect on audit delay, 2) solvency has a significant effect on audit delay, 3) auditor's opinion has no significant effect on audit delay, 4) company size has a significant effect on audit delay, 5) company size does not strengthen and weakens the effect of profitability on audit delay, 6) firm size does not strengthen and weaken the effect of solvency on audit delay, 7) firm size does not strengthen and weaken the influence of auditor opinion on audit delay.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN INFORMASI AKUNTANSI DAN MANAJEMEN MODAL KERJA PELAKU UMKM TERHADAP KEBERHASILAN USAHA DENGAN UMUR USAHASEBAGAI VARIABEL PEMODERASI (STUDI KASUS PADA INDUSTRI KREATIF DI YOGYAKARTA)
Authors: Firdarini Khoirunnisa Cahya , Prasetyo Agung Slamet
Published: February 2020

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are one of important sector of national economic that have contributed to labor absorption and Gross Domestic Product (GDP). They could survive of financial crisis both in national and global scale.

This  research  examines  the  effect  of  accounting information and working capital management toward business success of small and medium enterprise (SMEs) with age of business as moderating variable. The  population of  this  research  are  small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in creative industries sector operated in Yogyakarta district. They are handycraft, culinary and fashion. Based  on  purposive  sampling  method,  total  sample  of  this  research  is  200 SMEs.  Hypothesis  testing  used  is  path analysis using structural equation modelling (SEM). The test result shows that accounting information and working capital management have  positive  and  significant  effect to the success of SMEs.Age of business as moderating variable also have positive  and  significant  effect to the success of SMEs.
Influence of countries adopted social distancing policy for COVID-19 reduction under the view of the airborne transmission framework
Authors: TELLES CHARLES ROBERTO
Published: February 2020

Cumulative COVID-19 daily new cases dataset during January to April, 2020 were used to search for evidences of SARS-CoV-2 spreading patterns (transmission forms) in the geographical regions with samples of Asia, South America, North America, Middle East, Africa and European countries. In order to comprehend the cause of constant infection rates for some countries, while others present very low daily new cases (China and South Korea), this research investigated possible aerosols forming patterns in the atmosphere and its relation to policy measures adopted by selected countries.
Historical Acoustics: Relationships between People and Sound over Time
Authors: Aletta Francesco , Kang Jian
Published: February 2020

The Special Issue “Historical Acoustics: Relationships between People and Sound over Time” was the inaugural collection of the recently established journal “Acoustics (MDPI)”, so it felt appropriate to give it a focus to history, places and events of historical relevance, seeking to explore the origins of acoustics, and examining the relationships that have evolved over the centuries between people and auditory phenomena [...]
The Magnitude and Waveform of Shock Waves Induced by X-ray Lasers in Water
Authors: Stan Claudiu Andrei , Motomura Koji , Blaj Gabriel , Kumagai Yoshiaki , Li Yiwen , You Daehyun , Ono Taishi , Kalita Armin , Togashi Tadashi , Owada Shigeki , Tono Kensuke , Yabashi Makina , Katayama Tetsuo , Ueda Kiyoshi
Published: February 2020

The high energy densities deposited in materials by focused X-ray laser pulses generate shock waves which travel away from the irradiated region, and can generate complex wave patterns or induce phase changes. We determined the time-pressure histories of shocks induced by X-ray laser pulses in liquid water microdrops, by measuring the surface velocity of the microdrops from images recorded during the reflection of the shock at the surface. Measurements were made with ~30 µm diameter droplets using 10 keV X-rays, for X-ray pulse energies that deposited linear energy densities from 3.5 to 120 mJ/m; measurements were also made with ~60 µm diameter drops for a narrower energy range. At a distance of 15 µm from the X-ray beam, the peak shock pressures ranged from 44 to 472 MPa, and the corresponding time-pressure histories of the shocks had a fast quasi-exponential decay with positive pressure durations estimated to range from 2 to 5 ns. Knowledge of the amplitude and waveform of the shock waves enables accurate modeling of shock propagation and experiment designs that either maximize or minimize the effect of shocks.
Study of Lead Rubber Bearings for Vibration Reduction in High-Tech Factories
Authors: Ju Shen-Haw , Yuantien Cheng-Chun , Hsieh Wen-Ko
Published: February 2020

This paper studies the seismic and micro vibrations of the high-tech factory with and without lead rubber bearings (LRBs) using the three-dimensional (3D) finite element analysis. The soil-structure interaction is included using the p-y, t-z, and Q-z nonlinear soil springs, while the time-history analysis is performed under seismic, wind, or moving crane loads. The finite element results indicate that the moving crane does not change the major ambient vibrations of the factory with and without LRBs. For a normal design of LRBs, the high-tech factory with LRBs can decrease the seismic base shear efficiently but will have a much larger wind-induced vibration than that without LRBs, especially for the reinforced concrete level. Because micro-vibration is a major concern for high-tech factories, one should use LRBs with a large initial stiffness to resist wind loads, and use a small final LRB stiffness to reduce the seismic load of high-tech factories. This situation may make it difficult to obtain a suitable LRB, but it is an opportunity to reduce the seismic response without increasing the micro-vibration of high-tech factories.
Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Antidiabetic and Cytotoxic Activity of Crocus sativus L. Petals
Authors: Wali Adil Farooq , Alchamat Houda Ahmed Abou , Hariri Huda Khaled , Hariri Bushra Khaled , Menezes Godfred A. , Zehra Uzma , Rehman Muneeb U. , Ahmad Parvaiz
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this research is to examine in vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic and cytotoxic efficacy of different extracts of Crocus sativus L. petals. Antioxidant activity of extracts was assessed by DPPH and ABTS (2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assay. Among all extracts, ethanol (SPE) had the maximum radical scavenging activity with IC50 values 86.63 ± 7.53 μg/mL. The antimicrobial activity was determined by the evaluation of the minimum inhibitory concentration using the agar well plate procedure. The most effective extract was SPE with a minimum inhibitory concentration varying between 500 µg/mL, 250 µg/mL, 125 µg/mL, 62.5 µg/mL, 31.25 µg/mL, 15.63 µg/mL. Cytotoxic activity was tested against MDA-MB-231 cell lines using the MTT method whereas, antidiabetic activity was evaluated using an alpha-glucosidase inhibition assay. All extracts were found to have significant antidiabetic activity.
Prediction of Soil-Available Potassium Content with Visible Near-Infrared Ray Spectroscopy of Different Pretreatment Transformations by the Boosting Algorithms
Authors: Jin Xiu , Li Shaowen , Zhang Wu , Zhu Juanjuan , Sun Jia
Published: February 2020

The application of visible near-infrared (VIS-NIR) analysis technology to quantify the nutrients in soil has been widely recognized. It is important to improve the performance of regression models that can predict the soil-available potassium concentration. This study collected soil samples from southern Anhui, China, and concentrated on the modelling methods by using 29 pretreatment methods. The results show that a combination of three methods, Savitzky–Golay, standard normal variate, and dislodge tendency, exhibited better stability than others because it was the most capable of achieving levels A and B of the ratio of performance of deviation. The boosting algorithms that form an ensemble of multiple weak predictors exhibited better performance than partial least square (PLS) regression and support vector regression (SVR) for the prediction of soil-available potassium. These regression models could be employed to precisely predict the soil-available potassium concentration.
β2-Adrenergic Signalling Promotes Cell Migration by Upregulating Expression of the Metastasis-Associated Molecule LYPD3
Authors: Gruet Michael , Cotton Daniel , Coveney Clare , Boocock David , Wagner Sarah , Komorowski Lucie , Rees Robert , Pockley A. , Garner A. , Wallis John , Miles Amanda , Powe Desmond
Published: February 2020

Metastasis is associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer. Although some studies suggest beta-blockers increase survival by delaying metastasis, others have been discordant. This study provides both insights into the anomalous findings and identifies potential biomarkers that may be treatment targets. Cell line models of basal-type and oestrogen receptor-positive breast cancer were profiled for basal levels of adrenoceptor gene/protein expression, and β2-adrenoceptor mediated cell behaviour including migration, invasion, adhesion, and survival in response to adrenoceptor agonist/antagonist treatment. Protein profiling and histology identified biomarkers and drug targets. Baseline levels of adrenoceptor gene expression are higher in basal-type rather than oestrogen receptor-positive cancer cells. Norepinephrine (NE) treatment increased invasive capacity in all cell lines but did not increase proliferation/survival. Protein profiling revealed the upregulation of the pro-metastatic gene Ly6/PLAUR Domain-Containing Protein 3 (LYPD3) in norepinephrine-treated MDA-MB-468 cells. Histology confirmed selective LYPD3 expression in primary and metastatic breast tumour samples. These findings demonstrate that basal-type cancer cells show a more aggressive adrenoceptor-β2-activated phenotype in the resting and stimulated state, which is attenuated by adrenoceptor-β2 inhibition. This study also highlights the first association between ADRβ2 signalling and LYPD3; its knockdown significantly reduced the basal and norepinephrine-induced activity of MCF-7 cells in vitro. The regulation of ADRβ2 signalling by LYPD3 and its metastasis promoting activities, reveal LYPD3 as a promising therapeutic target in the treatment of breast and other cancers.
Deletion of Von Hippel–Lindau Interferes with Hyper Osmolality Induced Gene Expression and Induces an Unfavorable Gene Expression Pattern
Authors: Groß Alexander , Chernyakov Dmitry , Gallwitz Lisa , Bornkessel Nicola , Edemir Bayram
Published: February 2020

Loss of von Hippel–Lindau (VHL) protein function can be found in more than 90% of patients with clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC). Mice lacking Vhl function in the kidneys have urine concentration defects due to postulated reduction of the hyperosmotic gradient. Hyperosmolality is a kidney-specific microenvironment and induces a unique gene expression pattern. This gene expression pattern is inversely regulated in patients with ccRCC with consequences for cancer-specific survival. Within this study, we tested the hypothesis if Vhl function influences the hyperosmolality induced changes in gene expression. We made use of the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 technology to inhibit functional Vhl expression in murine collecting duct cell line. Loss of Vhl function induced morphological changes within the cells similar to epithelial to mesenchymal transition like phenotype. Vhl-deficient cells migrated faster and proliferated slower compared to control cells. Gene expression profiling showed significant changes in gene expression patterns in Vhl-deficient cells compared to control cells. Several genes with unfavorable outcomes showed induced and genes with favorable outcomes for patients with renal cancer reduced gene expression level. Under hyperosmotic condition, the expression of several hyperosmolality induced genes, with favorable prognostic value, was downregulated in cells that do not express functional Vhl. Taken together, this study shows that Vhl interferes with hyperosmotic signaling pathway and hyperosmolality affected pathways might represent new promising targets.
MAL2-Induced Actin-Based Protrusion Formation is Anti-Oncogenic in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: López-Coral Alfonso , del Vecchio Gianna-Jade , Chahine Joeffrey J. , Kallakury Bhaskar V. , Tuma Pamela L.
Published: February 2020

Recent studies report that the polarity gene myelin and lymphocyte protein 2 (MAL2), is overexpressed in multiple human carcinomas largely at the transcript level. Because chromosome 8q24 amplification (where MAL2 resides) is associated with hepatocellular- and cholangio-carcinomas, we examined MAL2 protein expression in these human carcinoma lesions and adjacent benign tissue using immunohistochemistry. For comparison, we analyzed renal cell carcinomas that are not associated with chromosome 8q24 amplification. Surprisingly, we found that MAL2 protein levels were decreased in the malignant tissues compared to benign in all three carcinomas, suggesting MAL2 expression may be anti-oncogenic. Consistent with this conclusion, we determined that endogenously overexpressed MAL2 in HCC-derived Hep3B cells or exogenously expressed MAL2 in hepatoma-derived Clone 9 cells (that lack endogenous MAL2) promoted actin-based protrusion formation with a reciprocal decrease in invadopodia. MAL2 overexpression also led to decreased cell migration, invasion and proliferation (to a more modest extent) while loss of MAL2 expression reversed the phenotypes. Mutational analysis revealed that a putative Ena/VASP homology 1 recognition site confers the MAL2-phenotype suggesting its role in tumor suppression involves actin remodeling. To reconcile decreased MAL2 protein expression in human carcinomas and its anti-oncogenic phenotypes with increased transcript levels, we propose a transcriptional regulatory model for MAL2 transient overexpression.
ABCG2 Overexpression Contributes to Pevonedistat Resistance
Authors: Kathawala Rishil J. , Espitia Claudia M. , Jones Trace M. , Islam Shariful , Gupta Pranav , Zhang Yun-Kai , Chen Zhe-Sheng , Carew Jennifer S. , Nawrocki Steffan T.
Published: February 2020

MLN4924 (pevonedistat) is a first-in-class NEDD8-activating enzyme (NAE) inhibitor in clinical trials for the treatment of solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. Despite the promising activity of MLN4924 observed in early trials, drug resistance has been noted in some patients. Identifying the underlying cause of treatment failure may help to better stratify patients that are most likely to benefit from this novel agent. Early preclinical studies revealed that the development of NAEβ mutations promotes resistance to MLN4924. However, these mutations have not been detected in patients that are relapsed/refractory to MLN4924, suggesting that other mechanisms are driving clinical resistance. To better understand the potential mechanisms of MLN4924 resistance, we generated MLN4924-resistant ovarian cancer cells. Interestingly, these cells did not develop mutations in NAEβ. Transcriptome analyses revealed that one of the most upregulated genes in resistant cells was ABCG2. This result was validated by quantitative real-time PCR and immunoblotting. Importantly, the sensitivity of MLN4924-resistant cells was restored by lentiviral short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting ABCG2. Further investigation using ABCG2-overexpressing NCI-H460/MX20 cells determined that these cells are resistant to the anticancer effects of MLN4924 and can be sensitized by co-treatment with the ABCG2 inhibitors YHO-13351 and fumitremorgin C. Finally, HEK293 models with overexpression of wild-type ABCG2 (R482) and variants (R482G and R482T) all demonstrated significant resistance to MLN4924 compared to wild-type cells. Overall, these findings define an important molecular resistance mechanism to MLN4924 and demonstrate that ABCG2 may be a useful clinical biomarker that predicts resistance to MLN4924 treatment.
BRAF Exon 15 Mutations in Papillary Carcinoma and Adjacent Thyroid Parenchyma: A Search for the Early Molecular Events Associated with Tumor Development
Authors: Acquaviva Giorgia , de Biase Dario , Diquigiovanni Chiara , Argento Chiara Maria , De Leo Antonio , Bonora Elena , Rhoden Kerry Jane , Pession Annalisa , Tallini Giovanni
Published: February 2020

BRAF exon 15 mutations are the most common molecular alterations found in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). To date, there is no information regarding BRAF alterations in the thyroid parenchyma surrounding the tumor. To explore the early events associated with the development of PTC, we used massively parallel sequencing to investigate BRAF exon 15 in 30 PTCs and in 100 samples from the thyroid parenchyma surrounding the tumor. BRAF p.V600E was identified in 19/30 PTCs (63.3%). BRAF p.V600E mutations were identified in the tissue adjacent the PTC only in samples containing psammoma bodies. The other samples were either BRAF wild type (WT) or carried BRAF non p.V600E mutations. Specifically, BRAF p.G593D, -p.A598T, -p.V600M, -p.R603Q, -p.S607F, and -p.S607P were identified in 4 of 36 (11.1%) samples with follicular cell atypia, in 2 of 16 (12.5%) with follicular cell hyperplasia, and in 1 of 33 (3.0%) histologically normal samples—Only in tissue surrounding BRAF p.V600E mutated PTCs. These mutations are predicted to affect protein function in silico but, in vitro, have kinase activity and BRAF phosphorylation levels similar to BRAF WT. No BRAF exon 15 mutations were identified in samples adjacent to PTCs that were BRAF WT. A mutagenic process affecting BRAF exon 15 occurs in a subset of thyroid glands that develop BRAF p.V600E mutated PTCs.
Clinical Pathways for Oncological Gastrectomy: Are They a Suitable Instrument for Process Standardization to Improve Process and Outcome Quality for Patients Undergoing Gastrectomy? A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Téoule Patrick , Birgin Emrullah , Mertens Christina , Schwarzbach Matthias , Post Stefan , Rahbari Nuh , Reißfelder Christoph , Ronellenfitsch Ulrich
Published: February 2020

(1) Background: Oncological gastrectomy requires complex multidisciplinary management. Clinical pathways (CPs) can potentially facilitate this task, but evidence related to their use in managing oncological gastrectomy is limited. This study evaluated the effect of a CP for oncological gastrectomy on process and outcome quality. (2) Methods: Consecutive patients undergoing oncological gastrectomy before (n = 64) or after (n = 62) the introduction of a CP were evaluated. Assessed parameters included catheter and drain management, postoperative mobilization, resumption of diet and length of stay. Morbidity, mortality, reoperation and readmission rates were used as indicators of outcome quality. (3) Results: Enteral nutrition was initiated significantly earlier after CP implementation (5.0 vs. 7.0 days, p < 0.0001). Readmission was more frequent before CP implementation (7.8% vs. 0.0%, p = 0.05). Incentive spirometer usage increased following CP implementation (100% vs. 90.6%, p = 0.11). Mortality, morbidity and reoperation rates remained unchanged. (4) Conclusions: After implementation of an oncological gastrectomy CP, process quality improved, while indicators of outcome quality such as mortality and reoperation rates remained unchanged. CPs are a promising tool to standardize perioperative care for oncological gastrectomy.
Malva pseudolavatera Leaf Extract Promotes ROS Induction Leading to Apoptosis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells In Vitro
Authors: El Khoury Marianne , Haykal Tony , Hodroj Mohammad H. , Najem Sonia Abou , Sarkis Rita , Taleb Robin I. , Rizk Sandra
Published: February 2020

Malva pseudolavatera Webb & Berthel. is a plant from the Malvaceae family that has long been included in the human diet due to its various curative effects. Many plant leaf extracts from the various species of Malva genus have been reported to possess anti-cancer properties, however, studies on M. pseudolavatera Webb & Berthel. leaves have documented anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects with no emphasis on their possible anti-cancer potential. The present study explores the anti-cancer properties of Malva pseudolavatera Webb & Berthel. leaf extract on acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines in vitro and deciphers the underlying molecular mechanism. Treatment of AML cell lines with M. pseudolavatera methanolic leaf extract showed a dose- and time-dependent inhibition of proliferation and a dose-dependent increase in apoptotic hallmarks such as an increase in phosphatidylserine on the outer membrane leaflet and membrane leakage in addition to DNA fragmentation. The pro-apoptotic effect was induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as an upregulation of cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), increase in Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, andrelease of cytochrome-c from the mitochondria. Major compounds of the extract included methyl linolenate, phytol, γ-sitosterol, and stigmasterol as revealed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, and amino acids, amino acid derivatives, tiliroside, 13-hydroxyperoxyoctadecadienoic, and quercitrin as detected by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry.