bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Low‐Temperature Tolerance of Rapeseed Genotypes at the Germination and Seedling Emergence Stages
Authors: Zhang Chunni , Luo Tao , Liu Jiahuan , Xian Mengzhu , Yuan Jinzhan , Hu Liyong , Xu Zhenghua
Published: June 2019

Low temperature is a main adverse factor affecting successful seedling establishment in the Yangtze River basin, and thus low‐temperature stress tolerance at the germination and seedling emergence stages is an important attribute for rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) production. The present study was conducted to evaluate the low‐temperature stress tolerance indices (STIs) of a large conventional rapeseed genotype population at the germination and seedling emergence stages. Twelve seed germination‐ and seedling emergence‐related indices were investigated under normal and low‐temperature conditions, and the broad‐sense heritability of these indices ranged from 25.4 to 57.6%. Therefore, the selection of genotypes with strong low temperature tolerance is a feasible way to guarantee seedling establishment. Using principal component analysis, the STIs during the seed germination and seedling emergence stages have been divided into three main categories: dry matter weight, germination speed and final germination percentage, and root length with a seedling vigor index. The top three genotypes ranked by comprehensive STI score were Huayou No. 2, SWU44, and 2012‐K8053; the bottom three genotypes ranked by comprehensive STI score were Chuanyou18, wx1025, and 97096. The results of the present study could provide valuable information for breeders to utilize the rapeseed germplasm resources in the Yangtze River basin to achieve the goal of low‐temperature resistance breeding.
Precipitation Events, Soil Type, and Vineyard Management Practices Influence Soil Carbon Dynamics in a Mediterranean Climate (Lodi, California)
Authors: Yu Olivia T. , Greenhut Rachel F. , O'Geen Anthony T. , Mackey Bruce , Horwath William R. , Steenwerth Kerri L.
Published: June 2019

Core Ideas

Vineyard management practices create spatial heterogeneity in CO2 efflux and SOM content.

Soil C dynamics are influenced by water availability rather than temperature in comparatively warm Mediterranean climates.

Soil tillage, organic amendments, cover crops, irrigation and precipitation stimulate CO2 efflux.

To characterize the effect of precipitation events, management practices, and soil type on vineyard carbon (C) dynamics, we monitored CO2 emissions and labile C pools from nine vineyards in Lodi Wine Grape District, California, from April 2011 to December 2012. These commercial vineyards are replicates of three soil series (Redding, San Joaquin, and Tokay), representing a spectrum of soil texture and degree of soil development. We hypothesized that soil characteristics would influence the magnitude of CO2 efflux occurring in response to precipitation and management events in a Mediterranean climate. During each field visit—bimonthly (April–October) and monthly (November–March)—we measured CO2, soil temperature, and gravimetric water content (GWC) from vine and intervine (alleys) rows. Monthly, we collected soil samples for dissolved organic C (DOC), which tended to be greater in the alleys of San Joaquin and Redding than Tokay in summer but decreased after the onset of precipitation. In mid‐May and mid‐October 2012, CO2 efflux was higher in Tokay than in San Joaquin or Redding. Carbon dioxide efflux across all soils increased as a result of seasonal management practices (i.e., tillage and mowing of cover crops). Management practices distinguished soil DOC between vine rows and alleys from June to October 2012. Soil type or clay content influenced CO2 efflux across these vineyards, as did GWC and soil temperature. This 20‐mo study indicated that CO2 efflux responded to soil disturbance from management practices, precipitation, and irrigation.
Estimation of Annual Soil Nitrogen Mineralization Rates using an Organic‐Nitrogen Budget Approach
Authors: Geisseler Daniel , Miller Kenneth S. , Aegerter Brenna J. , Clark Nicholas E. , Miyao Eugene M.
Published: June 2019

Nitrogen (N) fertilizer use efficiency can be improved when nonfertilizer N inputs, including N mineralization from soil organic matter, can be quantified accurately. The objectives of this study were (i) to calculate annual N mineralization rates based on a budget for organic N inputs and outputs for soils under annual crops in California's Central Valley and (ii) to compare the results with temperature‐ and moisture‐adjusted N mineralization rates from a laboratory incubation. The organic‐N budget included organic N inputs from aboveground crop residues, roots, and root exudates as well as long‐term changes in soil organic N. A 10‐wk laboratory incubation was performed at 25°C and optimal moisture content with undisturbed soil cores collected pre‐plant in spring 2016 and 2017 from 30 field sites. The sites had no recent history of cover crops, manure, or compost applications. Based on the organic‐N budget, annual N mineralization rates in the top 30 cm of the profile ranged from 76 to 123 kg ha−1 yr−1. Taking soil moisture and temperature in furrow‐irrigated fields into account, approximately half of this amount was mineralized during a cropping season from mid‐April to mid‐August. Even when corrected for daily temperature and moisture content, N mineralization rates in the incubation study were considerably higher than the rates estimated with the organic‐N budget. The organic‐N budget provides an estimate of the annual N mineralization rates in these soils. Adjustments for soil properties and crop management will likely improve estimates for individual sites.

Core Ideas

Annual N mineralization rates were calculated with an organic‐N budget.

Calculated annual N mineralization rates ranged from 76 to 123 kg ha−1.

A laboratory incubation overestimated N mineralization.
Bedding of Wetland Soil: Effects of Bed Height and Termite Activity on Wood Decomposition
Authors: Jurgensen Martin F. , Miller Chris A. , Trettin Carl T. , Page‐Dumroese Deborah S.
Published: June 2019

Core Ideas

Wood stake decomposition is a function of both microbial and termite attack in raised beds in the US southeast.

Microbial decay was greater in single and double beds than in half beds and unbedded soil.

Mass loss was similar for both aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) and loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.).

Termites were active only on aspen stakes in single and double beds, where they increased mass loss 20‐30%.

As wood stakes decomposed, soil microsite variability of mass loss increased.

Microorganisms and termites are the primary wood decay agents in forests of the southeastern United States, whose activity can be affected by forest management practices. Bedding establishes raised planting beds on poorly‐drained soils, but little is known about the effect of bedding or soil bed height on wood decomposition. Therefore, a four height bedding study was conducted on a wetland soil in eastern South Carolina: flat (no bedding), half (7.5 cm), single (20 cm), and double (30 cm) above the original soil surface. Aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) and loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) wood stakes were inserted to 30‐cm soil depth, sampled over 23 mo, and decomposition (mass loss) by soil microorganisms and termites assessed. Microbial decay of both aspen and pine stakes increased as bed height increased, approaching 50% mass loss in double beds at the end of the study. Termites were not present in the flat (unbedded) soil, only damaged <1% of stakes in half beds, but were very active in single and double beds. Termites damaged or consumed 43% of aspen stakes in the double beds, which increased aspen mass loss by 30%. In contrast, termites attacked only 11% of pine stakes in double beds, and had little impact on mass loss. Stake decomposition was highest at the 5‐cm soil depth and was affected by soil microsite variability among soil bed heights. Soil bedding increased wood decomposition by both soil microorganisms and termites, and their impact on soil organic matter content and productivity deserves more attention.
Quantum robustness and phase transitions of the 3D Toric Code in a field
Authors: Reiss David A. , Schmidt Kai P.
Published: June 2019

We study the robustness of 3D intrinsic topogical order under
external perturbations by investigating the paradigmatic microscopic
model, the 3D toric code in an external magnetic field. Exact dualities
as well as variational calculations reveal a ground-state phase diagram
with first and second-order quantum phase transitions. The variational
approach can be applied without further approximations only for certain
field directions. In the general field case, an approximative scheme
based on an expansion of the variational energy in orders of the
variational parameters is developed. For the breakdown of the 3D
intrinsic topological order, it is found that the (im-)mobility of the
quasiparticle excitations is crucial in contrast to their fractional
statistics.
The relationship between derivative instruments and systematic risk: a study on banks trading on BIST
Authors: Esat Topaloglu Emre , Korkmaz Turhan
Published: June 2019

This study is aimed to analyze the relationship between the use of derivative financial instruments for speculative and hedging purposes and systematic risk. The effect of the use of derivatives by seven banks trading on Borsa Istanbul during the period of June 2007 – December 2017 on systematic risk was studied using panel cointegration, causality and regression analyses. Banking sector was examined within the scope of the study, since the level of use of derivatives is high in this sector. It was identified in the study that there is a long-run cointegration relationship between the use of derivatives and systematic risk. It was also identified that there is a significant and negative relationship between the use of derivatives for speculative purposes and systematic risk. Furthermore, it was determined that there is a one-way causality relationship from the use of derivatives for speculative purposes towards systematic risk. However, there was no relationship identified between the use of derivatives for hedging purposes and systematic risk. On the other hand, significant and negative relationship was identified between swap transactions that banks use for speculative purposes and systematic risk, while there was no significant relationship determined between forward and option contracts and systematic risk.
Economic modeling of the GDP gap in Ukraine and worldwide
Authors: Kharlamova Ganna , Stavytskyy Andriy , Chernyak Oleksandr , Giedraitis Vincentas , Komendant Olena
Published: June 2019

ActualityThe concept of output gap plays an important role in traditional macroeconomic theory, applied research and monetary policy. GoalThe paper reveals analyses of the potential economic development in Ukraine and in some countries of the world under limited information. Thus, the practical goal is to consider the best modelling approach for the possibility to regulate GDP in Ukraine, as it has been experienced in other countries of the world. MethodThe research is realized with the help of economic-mathematical modelling of GDP gap based on the analysis of the production function, statistical methods of distinguishing the trend component, one-dimensional filtration, multidimensional filtration. ResultsPractical importance of the paper includes implementation of methods for estimating potential GDP and the GDP gap, in particular, the authors proposed to use an approach based on the production function for the potential growth of European countries modelling. The model reveals that for the Eurozone countries, in the short term, it is not expected that the economy will reach its potential level. The negative forecast is explained by the fact that the Eurozone has been severely affected by the debt crisis. There has been a significant increase in the gap in production volumes, which in turn led to deflation. Despite the uncertainty in the assessment of potential GDP and GDP gap for Ukraine the multidimensional method provided the best modelling result. Thus, it is disclosed that Ukraine is under the growing wave of the business cycle, but not in the synergy with the EU dynamics.
Bromelain prevented nickel-induced testicular toxicity via suppression of sperm DNA fragmentation and sperm quality alterations in rats
Authors: SEN CIGDEM CEBI , TEMAMOGULLARI FUSUN , YUMUSAK NIHAT , KIRMIT ADNAN
Published: June 2019

This study investigated the protective effect of bromelain on sperm quality and DNA, antioxidant system and testis structure in rats with experimentally induced nickel toxicity. Four groups, each of 10 male Wistar albino rats, were established. One was maintained for control purposes, while the other three received bromelain alone, nickel alone and nickel+bromelain. While bromelain was administered by oral route (20 mg/kg), nickel sulfate was given intraperitoneally (20 mg/kg) at alternate days. Nickel exposure significantly reduced relative testicular weight and seminiferous tubule diameter. Nickel exposure also led to significantly decreased antioxidant levels, as well as a negative impact on sperm quality. On the other hand, nickel+bromelain administration increased sperm motility, sperm counts, viable sperm percentage and antioxidant levels, and reduced sperm DNA fragmentation. It was concluded that the administration of bromelain which has antioxidant effect to nickel-intoxicated rats prevented damage to sperm quality and DNA, and the antioxidant system.
BURSA MERKEZ BELEDİYELERİ BÜNYESİNDE GERÇEKLEŞTİRİLEN MÜZİK VE ÇALGI EĞİTİMİNE İLİŞKİN ÖĞRETMEN GÖRÜŞLERİ
Authors: COŞKUN Murat , GÖĞÜŞ İsmail M.
Published: June 2019

Bu
araştırma; Bursa Büyükşehir Belediyesi ve merkez ilçe belediyeleri bünyesinde
müzik ve çalgı eğitimi faaliyetlerinin uygulamadaki durumunu tespit ederek
belirlenen problemlere ve iyileştirilmesine yönelik öneriler getirmek amacıyla
yapılmıştır. Çalışmada önce Bursa merkez belediyelerinde yapılan müzik ve çalgı
eğitimi faaliyetlerinin geçmişi ve günümüze ait uygulamaları kısaca
tanıtılmıştır. Daha sonra Bursa Büyükşehir Belediyesi ve üç merkez ilçe
belediyesi bünyesinde gerçekleştirilen müzik ve çalgı
eğitiminin etkinliğini tespit etmeye yönelik olarak görevli
öğretmenlerden mevcut durumun ve olması gereken durumun tespitine yönelik
görüşleri alınarak ortaya çıkan bulgular yorumlanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular
sonucunda söz konusu kurumlarda gerçekleştirilen müzik ve çalgı eğitiminde
amaçların belirlenmediği, içeriğin öğretmenler tarafından bireysel olarak
oluşturulduğu, uygulamaların eğitimin amacını gerçekleştirecek şekilde
düzenlenmediği anlaşılmış, verilen eğitimin daha verimli hale getirilebilmesi
için önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Climate change assessment impacts on the coastal area of Maliakos Gulf, Greece
Authors: Mentzafou A. , Conides A. , Dimitriou E.
Published: June 2019

Coastal ecosystems are linked to socio-economic development, but simultaneously, are particularly vulnerable to anthropogenic climate change and sea level rise (SLR). Within this scope, detailed topographic data resources of Spercheios River and Maliakos Gulf coastal area in Greece, combined with information concerning the economic value of the most important sectors of the area (wetland services, land property, infrastructure, income) were employed, so as to examine the impacts of three SLR scenarios, compiled based on the most recent regional projections reviewed. Based on the results, in the case of 0.3 m, 0.6 m and 1.0 m SLR, the terrestrial zone to be lost was estimated to be 6.2 km2, 18.9 km2 and 31.1 km2, respectively. For each scenario examined, wetlands comprise 68%, 41% and 39% of the total area lost, respectively, reflecting their sensitivity to even small SLR. The total economic impact of SLR was estimated to be 75.4 × 106 €, 161.7 × 106 € and 510.7 × 106 € for each scenario, respectively (3.5%, 7.5% and 23.7% of the gross domestic product of the area), 19%, 17% and 8% of which can be attributed to wetland loss. The consequences of SLR to the ecosystem services provided are indisputable, while adaptation and mitigation planning is required.
Enabling residential hybrid water systems through a water credit–debit system
Authors: Fornarelli R. , Anda M. , Dallas S. , Schmack M. , Dawood F. , Byrne J. , Morrison G. M. , Fox-Reynolds K.
Published: June 2019

Smart metering and data analytics enable the implementation of a range of on-site infrastructures for energy, water and waste management to demonstrate the interconnected infrastructure of future smart cities. A research project in Western Australia is integrating smart metering technology, household participation and data analytics. An improved understanding of hybrid water systems at residential scale, as socially accepted solutions to promote water efficiency and economic savings, within the traditional centralized urban water network is achieved. An integrated water model and a system of water credits and debits are developed and tested on a case study for which 10-minute logged water consumption data of its hybrid water system are available for 1 year. The model is shown to provide a full characterization of the relationship between the household and the water resources, thus assisting with improved urban water management which promotes the rollout of decentralized hybrid water systems whilst accounting for the impacts on the aquifer as an ecosystem service provider.
Geology in scientific cultural societies in Spain under the reign of Isabel II. Francisco de Luxán professor at the Sociedad de Instrucción Pública and at El Porvenir society (1840-1848)
Authors: De Luxán Meléndez José María
Published: June 2019

The institutional characteristics of the Spanish scientific cultural societies during the reign of Isabel II, especially those with a progressive orientation, are presented below. The Public Instruction Society and the El Porvenir Society where Francisco de Luxán, a Spanish scientist, soldier and politician of the Progressive Party, was a Geology professor between 1840 and 1848.
Caracterização das internações hospitalares por neoplasias no Sistema Único de Saúde no Espírito Santo, Brasil, 2011-2015
Authors: Lemos Leal Marcelle , Cunha Angela Soto , Garcia Erica Marvila , Soares Dias Barbara Almeida
Published: June 2019

Characterizing hospitalization due to neoplsms in the Public Health System of Espírito Santo state, Brazil, 2011-2015
A formação do fonoaudiólogo e a sua interlocução com a Saúde Coletiva: percepções dos docentes e discentes
Authors: Lourinho Lídia Andrade , Fontenelle Catrib Ana Maria , Brilhante Aline Veras Morais , Moreira Claudio , Bessa Jorge Maria Salete
Published: June 2019

Qualification of speech therapists and their connection with Collective Health: perceptions of teachers and students
Contribuições do setor de acolhimento com classificação de risco às gestantes
Authors: Santos Carvalho Silas , Lourenço dos Santos José Ilson
Published: June 2019

Contributions from the hospital-hosting sector based on risk classification to pregnant women
Internações por fraturas em unidade de emergência em Ribeirão Preto de 2008 a 2012
Authors: Camargo de Amorim Gabriel Haddad , Roberto Laprega Milton , Pereira de Pina Maria de Fátima Rodrigues , Martinez Edson Zangiacomi
Published: June 2019

Hospitalization in an emergency unit in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil, due to fractures (2008-2012)
O uso dos exergames nos protocolos de reabilitação em diversas populações clínicas
Authors: Borges Viana Ricardo , Luiz Vancini Rodrigo , Santos Andrade Marilia , Alexandre Vieira Carlos , Barbosa de Lira Claudio Andre
Published: June 2019

The use of exergames in rehabilitation protocols in different clinical populations
Population knowledge on sporotrichosis in an endemic area in Southern Brazil
Authors: Poester Vanice Rodrigues , Martinez Brandolt Tchana , Baracy Klafke Gabriel , Xavier Melissa Orzechowski
Published: June 2019

Avaliação do conhecimento populacional sobre a esporotricose em área endêmica no Sul do Brasil
Perfil nutricional de idosos do município de Vitória nos anos de 2009 a 2012 por meio do sistema de vigilância alimentar e nutricional (SISVAN®)
Authors: Eugênio Santos Camila Frigem , Morais Campos Hércules Lázaro
Published: June 2019

Nutritional profile of elderly individuals living in VItória county from 2009 to 2012 based on the food and nutrition surveillance system (SISVAN®)
O uso de métodos ativos na implantação das práticas de ensino na comunidade em um curso de graduação em Fisioterapia
Authors: Goes de Aguiar Ricardo , Silveira Neidimila Aparecida , Moccellin Ana Silvia , Rodrigues Barbosa Guilherme
Published: June 2019

The use of active learning methods to implement community teaching practices of Physical Therapy undergraduate students
Anticancer Triazenes: from Bioprecursors to Hybrid Molecules
Authors: Francisco Ana P. , Mendes Eduarda , Santos Ana R. , Perry Maria J.
Published: June 2019

Triazenes are a very useful and diverse class of compounds that have been studied for their potential in the treatment of many tumors including brain tumor, leukemia and melanoma. Novel compounds of this class continue to be developed as either anticancer compounds or even with other therapeutic applications. This review focused on several types of triazenes from the simplest ones like 1,3-dialkyl-3-acyltriazenes to the more complex ones like combi-triazenes with an emphasis on how triazenes have been developed as effective antitumor agents.
Modulation of Drug Crystallization and Molecular Interactions by Additives in Solid Dispersions for Improving Drug Bioavailability
Authors: Tran Phuong H.L. , Duan Wei , Lee Beom-Jin , Tran Thao T.D.
Published: June 2019

Background::

An increase in poorly water-soluble drugs makes the design of drug delivery systems
challenging.

Methods::

Currently, a number of prospective solid dispersions have been investigated with potential applications
for delivering a variety of poorly water-soluble drugs. A number of traditional solid dispersions and modifiedsolid
dispersions offer attractive advantages in the fabrication, design and development of those drugs for effective
therapeutics.

Results::

Although traditional solid dispersions can produce a higher release rate, resulting in higher bioavailability
compared to conventional dosage forms, this method is not always a promising approach. Modified-solid
dispersion has demonstrated both the ability of its polymers to transform drug crystals into amorphous forms and
molecular interactivity, thereby improving drug dissolution rate and bioavailability, especially with tough drugs.
However, the classification of modified-solid dispersion, which guides the selection of the right strategy in solid
dispersion preparation, remains ill-defined.

Conclusions::

This review focused on effective strategies in using additives in solid dispersion for improving drug
bioavailability.
Design, Synthesis and Biopharmacological Profile Evaluation of New 2-((4- Chlorophenoxy)Methyl)-N-(Arylcarbamothioyl)Benzamides with Broad Spectrum Antifungal Activity
Authors: Limban Carmen , Diţu Lia M. , Măruțescu Luminița , Missir Alexandru V. , Chifiriuc Mariana C. , Căproiu Miron T. , Morusciag Laurenţiu , Chiriţă Cornel , Udrea Ana-Maria , Nuţă Diana C. , Avram Speranta
Published: June 2019

The emerging antifungal resistance represents a major challenge for the treatment
of severe fungal infections, highlighting the need to develop novel and efficient antifungal
compounds. This study aimed to synthesize new title compounds and screen them
for their antifungal activity in order to generate highly accurate structure - activity relationships
of 2-((4-chlorophenoxy)methyl)-N-(arylcarbamothioyl)benzamides and their de novo
derivatives and to unveil some of their mechanisms of action by flow cytometry and fluorescence
microscopy. The presence of functional groups was confirmed for nine new 2-((4-
chlorophenoxy) methyl)-N-(arylcarbamothioyl)benzamides, using experimental and in silico
methods. The antifungal activity was assessed against a broad spectrum of 26 yeast and
filamentous fungal strains, using qualitative and quantitative assays. The results showed
that Candida kefyr has been the most susceptible to all tested compounds, while 1b and 1f induced a strong inhibitory
effect on the filamentous fungi Alternaria rubi, Aspergillus ochraceus and A. niger strains growth. The
derivative 1c in subinhibitory concentrations alsoincreased the susceptibility of Candida albicans clinical
strains to azoles. Predicted drug likeness and pharmacokinetics profiles of most active compounds were compared
with the standard antifungal ketoconazole. Furthermore, the potentially more potent 1c and 1f derivatives
were designed and studied regarding the chemical structure-biological activity relationship and pharmacokinetics
profiles versus ketoconazole. The study confirms that the new benzamide derivatives exhibited an improved
pharmacokinetics profile and a good antifungal activity, acting at least by increasing membrane permeability of
fungal cells. Our results are recommending them as promising candidates for the development of novel therapeutic
alternatives.
Green Chemistry Preparation of thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyran and benzo[h]thiazolo[2,3-b]quinazoline Derivatives using HSBM Technique over ZnAl2O4 Nano-Powders
Authors: Roudbaraki Seyyed Jalal , Janghorban Sadaf , Ghashang Majid
Published: June 2019

Aim and Objective:

The aim of this paper is to introduce HSBM as a green and
environmentally friendly technique for the synthesis of thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyran and
benzo[h]thiazolo[2,3-b]quinazoline derivatives over ZnAl2O4 nanopowders as an efficient catalyst.

Materials and Methods:

ZnAl2O4 nanopowders were synthesized via a co-precipitation of
Zn(NO3)2 and Al(NO3)3 salts and were characterized by XRD, FE-SEM, TEM and DLS
techniques. The as-prepared ZnAl2O4 nano-powders have been used as a catalyst on the synthesis
of pyran nucleus using high-speed ball milling (HSBM) technique. The structure of products was
confirmed with NMR analysis.

Results:

ZnAl2O4 exhibits a cubic crystal structure (Space group: Fd-3m) with the average
crystallite size of 41 nm. The average particle size of ZnAl2O4 nano-powders determined by DLS
technique is 55 nm. The catalytic activity of nano-powders was examined on the synthesis of 2-
amino-4,5-dihydro-4-arylthiochromeno[4,3-b]pyran-3-carbonitriles, (8Z)-2-amino-8-arylidene-4,5,
7,8-tetrahydro-4-arylthiopyrano[4,3-b]pyran-3-carbonitriles, 4-aryl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydrobenzo[h]quinazoline-
2(1H)-thiones and 4-aryl-1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-2H-thiochromeno[4,3-d]pyrimidine-2-thione
derivatives. All products were obtained in high yields with short reaction times.

Conclusion:

ZnAl2O4 nanopowders were prepared via a cost-effective co-precipitation method and
showed good potential for the synthesis of 4H-pyran analogous in good yields. The salient
advantages of HSBM technique include environmentally friendly with reduced solvents, is a
simple technique and has low energy costs.
The Effect of Interleukin 38 on Inflammation-induced Corneal Neovascularization
Authors: Zhu Jiangli , Zhang Jing , Wang Yan , Chen Jianping , Li Xiaopeng , Liu Xiangling , Kong Eryan , Su Shao B. , Zhang Zhongjian
Published: June 2019

Background:

Angiogenesis is tightly linked to inflammation. Cytokines of
interleukin 1 (IL-1) family are key mediators in modulating inflammatory responses.

Methods:

In this study, we examined the role of IL-38, a member of the IL-1 family, in
mediating inflammation-induced angiogenesis.

Results:

The results showed that the angiogenesis was attenuated by topical
administration of IL-38 to the injured corneas in a mouse model of alkali-induced corneal
neovascularization (CNV). Further study showed that the expression of inflammatory
cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-1β was decreased in the IL-38-treated corneas.
Moreover, the angiogenic activities including the proliferation, migration and tube
formation of human retinal endothelial cells were reduced by IL-38 treatment in vitro.

Conclusion:

The data indicate that IL-38 modulates inflammation-induced
angiogenesis.
Efficient Delivery of Antisense Oligonucleotides by an Amphipathic Cell-Penetrating Peptide in Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Chen Zhou , Nie Dan , Hu Yue , Li Mingkai , Hou Zheng , Mao Xinggang , Luo Xiaoxing , Xue Xiaoyan
Published: June 2019

Background:

Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) was on the top
of the list of the most threatening bacteria published by the WHO in 2017. Antisense oligonucleotides
(ASOs) based therapy is a promising strategy for combating Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) bacteria because
of its high specificity, easy design and lower induction of resistance, but poor cellular uptake by
bacteria has restricted the further utilization of this therapy.

Methods:

Here, we used CADY, a secondary amphipathic peptide of 20 residues that could successfully
carry siRNA into mammalian cells, to prepare CADY/ASOs nanoparticles (CADY-NPs) targeting acpP
(encoding acyl carrier protein), and evaluated the uptake features, the inhibitory effects of CADY-NPs
on gene expression and the growth of MDR-A. baumannii.

Results:

We found that CADY-NPs could be quickly internalized by drug-sensitive and MDR-A. baumannii
in an energy independent manner, which could be restrained by chlorpromazine (an inhibitor of
clathrin mediated endocytosis) significantly. In addition, CADY-NPs targeting acpP concentrationdependently
retarded the growth of MDR-A. baumannii, which was associated with the decreased expression
of targeted genes in A. baumannii.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, our research is the first to demonstrate that CADY can deliver ASOs into
bacteria and provide a novel strategy for the treatment of MDR-A. baumannii.
Right Temporal Variant Frontotemporal Dementia Misdiagnosed as Schizophrenia
Authors: Shad Mujeeb U. , Howard Lindsay , Thomas Kristopher , Aga Vimal M.
Published: June 2019

Background:

Schizophrenia-like presentations of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are
well documented in medical literature, especially during the initial stage of the illness. We present
an interesting case of middle-aged white male, who was initially misdiagnosed with major depression
at age 50 and then with schizophrenia due to florid psychosis typically seen in Mild Behavioral
Impairment (MBI). It was not until over 4-years that a detailed clinical history along with specific
investigations confirmed the diagnosis of right temporal variant frontotemporal dementia (rtv-FTD).

Methods:

The unusual presentation of this case warranted 2-deoxy-2-[fluorine-18]fluoro- D-glucose
integrated with computed tomography (FDG-PET) and comprehensive neuropsychological testing
to estblish a final diagnosis.

Results:

The results from neuroimaging and neuropsychological testing supported a diagnosis of
rtv-FTD without any evidence for Alzheimer’s dementia.

Conclusion:

This case illustrates that late-onset atypical psychiatric symptoms should be evaluated
for neurocognitive disorders, and the evaluation should include neuroimaging. It is preferable that
the neuroimaging findings be personally interpreted by the provider, who therefore needs to be
skilled in interpreting neuroimaging studies.
The Role of Older Age in Normocytic Anaemia in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Wee Yen H. , Anpalahan Mahesan
Published: June 2019

Background:

Older age has a significant association with anaemia. However, this has
not been adequately investigated in the context of specific comorbidities such as Type 2 Diabetes
Mellitus (T2DM).

Objectives:

To investigate the role of age in Normocytic Anaemia (NCA) and the adverse outcomes
of NCA in T2DM.

Methods:

Patients with NCA, either unexplained or related to Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD),
were recruited from a diabetic clinic over six months. Anaemia was defined as a haemoglobin(Hb)
< 130g/l for men and <120g/l for women. The relevant data were obtained by interviewing patients
and review of medical records. Patients were followed for 12 months for pre-defined adverse outcomes.

Results:

Of the 354 patients assessed, 203 were included (mean age 63.12 ± 13.62 years, males
49.8%). The prevalence of NCA was 24% (49). Older age had a significant univariate association
with NCA (p < 0.001) and this remained significant (adjusted Odds Ratio (OR) 1.24, 95% CI 1.16-
5.29) after adjusting for estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) < 60ml/min/1.73m2, albuminuria
and other potential confounders. Adjusting for eGFR as a continuous variable also confirmed
this significant association (OR1.15, 95% CI 1.10-7.01). In the subgroup of patients aged ≥
75 years, only older age was significantly associated with NCA. The incidence of all-cause mortality
and composite cardiovascular/cerebrovascular events was similar in the anaemic and nonanaemic
groups.

Conclusions:

NCA is common in T2DM and has a significant association with older age independent
of CKD. The anaemia is mild in most patients and appears to have a benign course.
Mechanisms of Cytokine-Induced Glioma Immunosuppression
Authors: Ksendzovsky Alexander , Glick Roberta P. , Polak Paul , Simonini Maria-Vittoria , Sharp Anothony J. , Newman Tyler , Cohen Edward P. , Feinstein Douglas L.
Published: June 2019

Glioma immunosuppression includes the secretion of cytokines that down-regulate the host immune response resulting in tumor survival. The mechanisms of cytokine-induced immunosuppression are not well understood and are considered in this study. Glioma cells were incubated with supernatant from activated and naïve T-cells. A separate culture of T-cells (naïve, CD3-activated, and CD3/CD28 activated) was then incubated with conditioned media from the treated glioma cells as well as individual and combination recombinant cytokines. These T-cells were tested for viability, proliferation and IFN-􀀁 release. Several conclusions were drawn from these experiments: cytotoxicity is not a means of glioma immunosuppression, glioma conditioned media decreases proliferation of CD3/CD28 activated T-cells acting potentially through IL10 and IGFBP, and these cytokines also decrease IFN-􀀁 secretion from all varieties of T-cells suggesting
that T-cell differentiation away from TH1 is another potential means of immunosuppression. These results necessitate further analysis of proliferation and differentiation as potential mechanisms of immunosuppression and the incorporation of this knowledge into the production of a more efficacious tumor vaccine.
Formulation and Optimization of Itraconazole Loaded Novel Nanostructured Lipid Carrier-based Ocular Controlled Release Formulation.
Authors: Pathania Ajay , Bhatt Shailendra , Kumar Manish , Saini Vipin
Published: June 2019

Background:

The low penetration power and the retention time into the intraocular tissue are the main problems that make difficult for most of the drugs for the ocular drug delivery system. This is for those drugs that are having the low or poor solubility and the low permeability.

Objective:

Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLCs) loaded with Itraconazole (ITZ) were formulated with the aim to increase the solubility and enhance the retention time in the intraocular tissue. Methods: The NLCs were prepared by using Pluronic (PF127), stearic acid and oleic acid. Itraconazole loaded Nanostructured lipid carrier were prepared by high-pressure homogenization method and the formulations were prepared and optimized by 3 Level Factorial Design.

Results:

F6 was selected on the basis of better entrapment efficiency (94.65), optimum particle size (310nm), and percentage cumulative release (68.67%). Scanning electron microscopy revealed spherical Nanostructured lipid carrier in the microemulsion. Nanostructured lipid carrier Irritation test showed the non-irritancy and antifungal activity showed a more inhibition zone as compared to the marketed formulation.

Conclusion:

Conclusively the optimized Formulation (F6) shows better results for the ocular drug delivery as compared to the marked formulation.
Nonvolatile Resistive Switching of Mn3O4 Thin Films for Flexible Electronics Applications
Authors: Dash C.S. , Sivasubramanian A. , Prabaharan S.R.S.
Published: June 2019

Introduction:

We report here our success in developing a flexible RRAM stack structure by
employing a low-cost method. Bare conductive commercial electric paint is used as anode against Stainless
Steel (SS) foil deposited with Mn3O4 thin films forming a BCEP/Mn3O4/SS thin film stack to understand
the intrinsic non-volatile resistive switching behavior of Mn3O4.

Experimental:

Thin film Mn3O4 is deposited on a SS (304) foil by means of potential sweep voltammetry
by maintaining typical conditions. Interestingly, the pristine device is subjected to an electroforming process
which exhibited a digital type bipolar resistive switching characteristics. The study of the conduction
mechanism revealed that the resistive switching arises due to local effect occurring in the bulk of Mn3O4,
which corresponds to the growth and annihilation of oxygen vacancy nanofilaments, and this is responsible
for the change in resistance state of the RRAM between Low Resistance State (LRS) and High
Resistance State (HRS) respectively.

Results:

In order to affirm the reliability and reproducibility of RRAM structure, the memory retention is
monitored over 103 s and subsequently, the endurance test is also carried out ensuring the reproducibility
over 100 cycles.

Conclusion:

Owing to the flexible nature of BCEP/Mn3O4/SS Foil RRAM stack structure, it is perceived
to be a prime candidate for future non-volatile memory and flexible electronics applications.
A Novel and Secure Image Encryption Scheme Based on Chaotic Logistic Map and Random Scrambling Using a Special Parameter of Gray Code Transformation
Authors: Yadav Sudeept S. , Singh Yashpal
Published: June 2019

Background:

Image security is a major concern in the digital communication media. So
there are so many algorithms symmetric and asymmetric are available for securely transmit the image.
In symmetric key algorithm many algorithms are available based on bit plane decomposition
and random scrambling using chaotic maps.

Objective:

A secure image encryption algorithm is proposed based on the combination of (n, k, p) gray
code and chaotic logistic map to improve the performance of decomposition encryption methods.

Methods:

We suggest a new algorithm that improves the security of image encryption based on (n,
k, p) gray code and bit plane decomposition method. This new encryption technique uses the bit
plane decomposition of (n, k, p) gray code then random scrambling of each bit plane and chaotic logistic
by map using pixel substitution method.

Results:

The performance and security of proposed algorithm have been analyzed on different evaluation
metrics like MSE, PSNR, UAIC and NPCR and Correlation Coefficient etc. The experimental
results show that the proposed algorithm is secure and provides better results from the XOR
based substitution method.

Conclusion:

This new method can be utilized in imaging systems like tomography images of medical
field, tele-medicine and digital video, video conferencing in communication system. Further, we will
study to enhance and examine the execution of (n, k, p) gray code for data hiding and picture de-noising.
РОЛЬ ВИРОБНИЧОЇ ЛІКАРСЬКОЇ ПРАКТИКИ З ВНУТРІШНЬОЇ МЕДИЦИНИ ДЛЯ ОПАНУВАННЯ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ МАЙСТЕРНОСТІ СТУДЕНТАМИ ПЯТОГО КУРСУ МЕДИЧНОГО ФАКУЛЬТЕТУ
Authors: Мергель Т. В. , Юсипчук У. В. , Савчук Н. В. , Сарапук О. Р. , Юсипчук В. Ю. , Сарапук І. В.
Published: June 2019

У статті показано важливе значення виробничої практики з внутрішньої медицини у студентів п’ятого курсі медичного факультету для майбутньої професійної діяльності.

Виробнича практика забезпечує розвиток знань та практичних навиків студентів та здійснюється згідно сучасних вимог Болонської системи.

Проведення підсумкового контролю відображає ступінь оволодіння ними, який відіграє вирішальну роль для інтеграції умінь та навичок, самостійного обстеження та лікування хворих та безпосередньої підготовки до державної атестації.

 Доведено, що оволодіти практичними навиками студент може лише на пацієнті, тобто вивчення спеціальності має відбуватися в умовах, наближених до професійної діяльності.

Показано, що проведення виробничої практики здійснюється за концепцією постійної співпраці викладачів кафедри (керівників практики) та студентів. Керівники практики  належну увагу надають формуванню клінічного мислення у студентів, відпрацюванню практичних навиків, засвоєнню культури спілкування з ними.

Важливим для студентів є той факт, що  проходження виробничої практики у студентів п’ятого курсу медичного факультету здійснюється впродовж семестру на базі поліклінік міста,  що забезпечує тіснішу співпрацю студентів із керівниками зі сторони викладачів кафедри.

Отже, виробнича практика дозволяє закріпити практичні навички, отримані у процесі навчання, виробити здатність до прийняття самостійного рішення в питаннях діагностики і лікування, освоїти порядок оформлення медичної документації, оволодіти правилами деонтології та медичної етики.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПОКАЗНИКІВ ХАРАКТЕРУ ДОБОВОЇ РЕГУЛЯЦІЇ АТ У ПАЦІЄНТІВ ІЗ ГІПЕРТОНІЧНОЮ ХВОРОБОЮ ІІ СТАДІЇ МОЛОДОГО ТА СЕРЕДНЬОГО ВІКУ
Authors: Онищук Т. П.
Published: June 2019

У статті було визначено статеві та вікові відмінності характеру добової регуляції АТ у хворих на гіпертонічну хворобу (ГХ) ІІ стадії молодого та середнього віку. Із цією метою проведено комплексне обстеження 160 хворих на ГХ ІІ стадії у незалежності від ступеню. Усі хворі були розподілені за віком: хворі молодого віку (чоловіки та жінки по (n=40) віком від 18-44 років) та середнього віку (чоловіки та жінки по (n=40) віком від 45-60 років). Середній вік та частка пацієнтів молодого та середнього віку достовірно не відрізнялась. Верифікацію діагнозу ГХ проводили на підставі чинних критеріїв. Усім обстежуваним було проведено добове моніторування АТ за допомогою апарата «АВРМ-04» Meditech (Угорщина).

Проведене обстеження показало, що у пацієнтів середнього віку реєстрували більш важчі порушення добової регуляції АТ та збільшення величини таких показників, як САТ доб.,САТ ден., Сер АТ доб., Сер АТ ден., ВСАТ доб. Та ВСАТ ніч згідно даних ДМАТ у порівнянні із пацієнтами молодого віку. Також у пацієнтів середнього віку визначали збільшення випадків реєстрації патологічного профілю “non-dipper”, визначених за динамікою САТ і ДАТ, і тенденцію до зменшення фізіологічного профілю “dipper”, визначених за динамікою САТ, передусім у осіб чоловічої статі.

У осіб чоловічої статі у незалежності від віку, порівнюючи із жінками, реєстрували більш важчі порушення добової регуляції АТ, що стосувалось таких показників, як: САТ ден, Сер АТ ден, ВСАТ доб, ВСАТ ден, ВДАТ доб і тенденція до зростання випадків з профілем “non-dipper” i “night-pakers”, визначених за динамікою САТ. Найбільш переконливі гендерні відмінності в характері добової регуляції АТ зберігались в пацієнтів середнього віку.
Visões da América Latina em Cabezas cortadas, de Glauber Rocha
Authors: Garcia Estevão
Published: June 2019

Cabezas cortadas, de Glauber Rocha, narra a experiência de um ditador latino-americano em seu exílio espanhol (ainda que o nome do país nunca seja mencionado) e se fundamenta em termos estilísticos por meio de uma operação surrealista de associação de conceitos e símbolos. Essa ferramenta, a operação surrealista na articulação de conceitos e símbolos, constitui o método para a construção do diálogo cultural entre América Latina e Espanha proposto pelo filme. Este artigo apresenta como objetivo, portanto, analisar o diálogo cultural articulado entre Cabezas cortadas e a América hispânica e a sua ideia de identidade latino-americana.
Entre memórias silenciadas de Ungulani ba ka Khosa e Virgem Margarida de Licínio de Azevedo: espaços e memórias
Authors: Manjate Teresa
Published: June 2019

O presente artigo tem como objecto de estudo duas narrativas: Entre memórias silenciadas de Ungulani ba ka Khosa (romance) e Virgem Margarida de Licínio de Azevedo (filme de ficção). A aproximação das duas obras é sugerida pela exploração temática –  o processo de “reeducação” de uma franja da sociedade que é tida pelas instituições de poder como marginais ou desviadas dos ideais da nova nação, em campos afastados das cidades. Pretende-se, numa perspectiva comparada, reflectir sobre as duas narrativas, a partir da análise dos espaços – topoanálise – relacionando esta categoria da narrativa com a memória: entre a individual e a colectiva.
O regresso do morto: regresso à desgraça de Suleiman Cassamo
Authors: Mapera Martins José Chelene
Published: June 2019

O livro de contos O regresso do morto (1997), do escritor moçambicano Suleiman Cassamo, é uma obra que descreve a degradação do ser humano, marcando uma fronteira nítida entre a razão e a irracionalidade. Esta obra na qual o autor desenha um cenário melancólico enquadra-se no âmbito de textos de afirmação sociocultural. Através desta obra, cujos textos foram antologizados em manuais escolares de leitura obrigatória em Moçambique, mergulhamos na complexa e diversa realidade sociocultural moçambicana.
Multiple intelligence assessment in teaching English for young learners
Authors: Ernawati Ernawati , Tsurayya Hana , Ghani Abdul Rahman A.
Published: June 2019

There are many schools in Indonesia that provide English as one of their subjects. English has been taught from elementary schools, even in Kindergarten. Ironically, teaching English in most rural schools still uses a conventional method such as memorizing and translating. Many teachers cannot afford to provide well-designed, meaningful exercises for students to use on a one-to-one learning basis. As a result, students seem not having interest in learning English. Based on this reason, this study was conducted to identify students’ intelligence through Multiple Intelligence Assessment to get effective approach in teaching English for young learners. The participants are an English teacher and students at an early childhood education center. This research focuses on presenting a deep description of the Multiple-Intelligence assessment to identify students’ intelligence in order to get an effective way of teaching English for young learners. In collecting the data, three instruments were used: observation, interview, and document analysis. The findings of this study show that students have different interests and nature; some students love singing, some others enjoy drawing, and others like role-playing. Multiple-Intelligence Assessment helps the teachers to identify students’ interests and bring them building some learning activities to attract them in learning English.