bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A CASE OF PARAQUAT POISONING PRESENTING WITH MULTIORGAN
DYSFUNCTION
Authors: Yadlapati Venkata sai suhas , Devi Nirmala , Rao V.R.Mohan
Published: February 2021

Ÿ Self-poisoning with pesticides is a major public health problem in developing countries with an estimated 300 000 deaths each year.Very high
case fatality (>50%) - due both to its inherent toxicity and the lack of early diagnosis and effective treatment.Though it is easily availabile,
poisoning with this toxin is not common. Fatal dose of paraquat is so trivial that >10 ml poison can damage lungs permanently.
Ÿ In this context we present a fatal case of 30 yr old male patient who have consumed paraquat and presented with extensive complication of
acute kidney injury, and lung injury and liver disease.
A RARE ASSOCIATION OF CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY DEMYELINATING
POLYNEUROPATHY WITH ULCERATIVE COLITIS
Authors: Shah Nilima K. , Patel Ankita , Nakum Umeshkumar , Patel Ravindra
Published: February 2021

Chronic inammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is a rare complication of Ulcerative colitis and it is uncertain whether it is associated
with Ulcerative colitis itself or with its treatment. We describe a case of CIDP-like neuropathy as an initial symptom of Ulcerative colitis. A 17
years old male patient presented with symmetrical weakness of both lower extremities with paresthesia of both hand and feet. With impression of
AIDP patient was treated with plasmapheresis and discharged on tapering steroid therapy. After 3 months again presented with bilateral weakness
of all four limbs associated with diarrhea and fever. Patient was diagnosed with Ulcerative colitis ,so considering previous episode as 1st episode of
CIDP and with rare association with Ulcerative colitis . Patient was treated with high dose of steroids and immunosuppressive therapy.
Neurological and gastrointestinal symptoms remarkably improved after treatment.
SÃO MATEUS: CONTEXTOS DA EJA E PERSPECTIVAS DO PROEJA A PARTIR DAS DETERMINAÇÕES DO IMAGINÁRIO SOCIAL
Authors: De Souza Fernandes Márcia Alessandra , De Resende Ferreira Maria José
Published: February 2021

Este estudo parte das reflexões sobre Educação de Jovens e Adultos realizadas no curso de Especialização do Programa Nacional de Integração da Educação Profissional com a Educação Básica na modalidade de EJA (PROEJA). O processo de implantação do PROEJA nas escolas municipais, reforça a necessidade de conhecer a EJA local, (re)conhecendo desafios e possibilidades. Resgatamos o conceito de imaginário social de Castoriadis (1995) que afirma que a sociedade resulta das representações ligadas à multiplicidade de outras representações. Buscamos identificar e refletir sobre o imaginário que alunos e professores das turmas iniciantes e concludentes da EJA da EMEF Professor João Pinto Bandeira possuem sobre ela. Empreendemos pesquisa qualitativa de caráter descritivo com a realização de estudo de caso. Realizamos entrevistas estruturadas. A análise dos dados confirma, entre outras questões, a discussão de Paiva (2006) e Arroyo (2003) quando defendem o direito à educação de qualidade e não apenas acesso à escola, apontando a necessidade de vincular maior discussão/integração entre educação e trabalho.
PEDAGOGO NO PROEJA: IDENTIDADE E SABERES
Authors: Serrate Pacheto Bacheti Luciane , Jordane de Oliveira Alex
Published: February 2021

O presente trabalho surge da necessidade de compreender como os pedagogos que atuam nos cursos do Programa Nacional de Integração da Educação Profissional com a Educação Básica na modalidade de Educação de Jovens e Adultos – PROEJA constroem a sua identidade. Assim, investigaram-se as práticas pedagógicas desenvolvidas pelos pedagogos nos cursos de PROEJA nos campi do Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo: Vitória, Colatina e Itapina. O caminho trilhado para a realização do estudo deu-se a partir da pesquisa qualitativa. Aplicou-se questionário à equipe docente do PROEJA e entrevistaram-se coordenadoras e pedagogas do PROEJA nos campi pesquisados. Organizaram-se os dados em três categorias: aspectos pedagógicos, operacionais e subjetivos, considerando a atuação do pedagogo, os desafios enfrentados por ele e as demandas trazidas a ele. A consolidação dos dados coletados demonstrou que a grande maioria dos professores, no dia a dia da escola, busca o pedagogo para apoio nos aspectos pedagógicos, seguidos dos aspectos subjetivos. A investigação apontou como fundamental e necessária a formação continuada, tanto dos docentes quanto do pedagogo, realizada por meio de pesquisa em cursos de pós-graduação, ao longo do próprio exercício profissional, em espaços intencionalizados e sistematizados de formação em serviço. Assim, diante da complexidade das práticas educativas, em especial aquelas realizadas no PROEJA, a identidade do pedagogo é construída e reconstruída, permanentemente, dentro do processo dinâmico característico da educação e da própria vida, num eterno vir a ser e estar sendo.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Vilela Paiva Maria Auxiliadora , Quezada Meireles Leite Sidnei
Published: February 2021

Este é o Editorial da Revista Eletrônica Debates em Educação Científica e Tecnológica, referente ao número 2, edição 2012.
ALFABETIZAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA E FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSOR-PESQUISADOR A PARTIR DE FILMES DE	CURTA METRAGEM
Authors: Kênyo Ribeiro Katy , Donizetti Sgarbi Antonio , Quezada Meireles Leite Sidnei
Published: February 2021

O objetivo desse trabalho foi analisar uma experiência de exibição de filmes cinematográficos e documentários em uma escolas pública do município de Vitória, Espírito Santo, portanto, tratou-se de uma análise do potencial de formação continuada de professores de um projeto denominado Cineclube na Escola. O referencial teórico principal foi baseado em Edgar Morin, Attico Chassot, Antonio Cachapuz, Wildson Santos e Decio Auler. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, teórica-empírica, do tipo estudo de caso. Após cada exibição de filme, o cineclubistas, inclusive os professores, eram convidados a participar de intenso debate sobre as questões da Ciência, Tecnologia, Sociedade e Ambiente. O projeto oportunizou o envolvimento de professores da escola, aluno de iniciação científica de graduando de Licenciatura em Química e o desenvolvimento de pesquisa de mestrado em Educação em Ciências, evidenciando o caráter de formação inicial e continuada do projeto Cineclube na Escola, na perspectiva do professor-pesquisador.
PERCEPÇÃO AMBIENTAL	DOS ALUNOS DE ENSINO MÉDIO DA ESCOLA ESTADUAL “EMÍLIO OSCAR HÜLLE” – MUNICÍPIO DE MARECHAL FLORIANO - ESPÍRITO SANTO
Authors: Barreto Cazaroto Rafaela , Gilles Luciléia , Villar Amado Manuella
Published: February 2021

A  educação  ambiental  é  um  elemento  estratégico  na  formação  de  ampla  consciência  crítica  das   relações  sociais  e  de  produção  que  situam  a  inserção  humana  na  natureza.  Para  trabalhar  a  melhoria   do  meio  ambiente  é  fundamental  que  ocorra  mudanças  de  comportamento,  de  condutas  e  valores.   Para  isso,  é  preciso  conhecer  como  o  homem  se  relaciona  com  o  meio  e,  é  através  da  percepção,  ou   seja,  dos  sentidos,  que  ocorre  a  apreensão  da  realidade  e  consequentemente  a  sua  interação  como  o   meio  ambiente.  O  rio  Jucu  possuiuma  extensão  de  cerca  de  80Km  até  a  sua  foz,  desaguando  no  Oceano    Atlântico ,  sendo  que  o  trecho  do  rio  Jucu  braço  sul  atravessa  a  cidade  de  Marechal  Floriano  e  recebe   grande  quantidade  de  esgoto  doméstico,  apresentando-­‐se  assoreado  e  poluído.  O  objetivo  desse   trabalho  foi  investigar  a  percepção  ambiental  dos  alunos  do  Ensino  Médio  sobre  as  diferentes concepções de meio ambiente, buscando sensibilizar os alunos sobre a importância do rio Jucu.
DEBATENDO OS TEMAS AGROINDUSTRIA E AGROTURISMO POR MEIO DE SEQUÊNCIA DIDÁTICA DE GEOGRAFIA: UMA ABORDAGEM SOCIOCULTURAL NO ENSINO MÉDIO
Authors: Rossi Elaine Cristina , Moscon Oliveira Eduardo Augusto , Quezada Meireles Leite Sidnei
Published: February 2021

Uma sequência didática abordando os temas agroindústria e agroturismo, perpassando pelas disciplinas de História, Geografia e Sociologia, foi planejada e aplicada em turmas de 2º e 3º anos de uma escola pública de Ensino Médio, localizada em Viana-ES. A SD foi planejada com base em Demétrio Delizoicov, José Angotti e Martha Pernambuco usando os Três Momentos Pedagógicos: problematização, organização do conhecimento e aplicação do conhecimento. A organização da sequência didática permitiu abordar questões científicas e socioambientais articuladas aos conteúdos programáticos de geografia do Ensino Médio.
MOSTRA CULTURAL COMO ESTRATÉGIA DE DIVULGAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA NA ESCOLA PÚBLICA DE ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL: UMA MANEIRA DE SUPERAÇÃO DA NEUTRALIDADE DA CIÊNCIA
Authors: Salvalaio Muline Leonardo , Gonçalves Gomes Adriane , Pires Campos Carlos Roberto
Published: February 2021

A presente pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo etnografia escolar, teve como objetivo analisar o potencial pedagógico de uma Mostra Cultural realizada em 2011 na Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental Marieta Escobar, localizada no município de Vitória, do Estado do Espírito Santo. Na coleta de dados, adotamos uma postura de observação participante e sistemática dos procedimentos, durante a apresentação dos trabalhos e na fase de sua confecção. Vale destacar que a investigação discute o papel social dentro do contexto escolar, não ignorando as múltiplas implicações que tal processo desencadeia. Acreditamos que, a partir da Mostra Cultural, é possível superar o paradigma de que a ciência é para poucos e que o cientista é aquele indivíduo inatingível, cuja formação poucos conseguirão atingir.
OBTENÇÃO DE GÁS CARBÔNICO NO ENSINO MÉDIO: UMA PRÁTICA EXPERIMENTAL PARA DEBATER O TEMA AQUECIMENTO GLOBAL
Authors: Nunes de Andrade Renato , Tavares Rodrigues Rayza Rosa , Nunes Gonçalves Naiane , Magela de Melo Siqueira Bruno , Baioco Ruy Rafael
Published: February 2021

A temática “Gases”, no contexto do efeito estufa, foi desenvolvida em aulas experimentais de química do Ensino Médio, visando a preparação para o Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio - ENEM. Monitorados por um professor de química, alunos do curso de licenciatura em química planejaram aulas práticas, que foram ministradas no laboratório de ciências da escola estadual com uso de materiais alternativos e industrializados. Oito turmas do 2º ano do ensino médio participaram deste estudo. A estratégia de ensino produziu a articulação dos conteúdos programáticos trabalhados em sala de aula de forma teórica com a prática, a partir das observações e as evidências dos resultados experimentais obtidos pelos alunos do ensino médio.
AS RELAÇÕES CTSA NA LICENCIATURA EM QUÍMICA: UMA PROPOSTA DE RECURSO DIDÁTICO VOLTADO AO SERTÃO NORDESTINO
Authors: Oliveira Nunes Albino , Marisa Dantas Josivânia , Di Souza Luiz
Published: February 2021

O presente artigo descreve a elaboração de recurso didático sobre as relações CTSA voltada ao curso de licenciatura em química ofertado pela Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte (UERN). O referido material compõe uma unidade didática estruturada em 12 h/a e direcionada a disciplina instrumentação para o ensino da química. Aqui relatamos a elaboração do recurso didático que deu suporte à referida unidade. O mesmo encontra-se estruturado em três unidades, nas quais foram abordados respectivamente: aspectos epistemológicos das ciências naturais; O movimento CTSA e o ensino de ciências e, por fim, apresentado um tema local para o ensino de química dentro de uma perspectiva CTSA: O Rio Apodi - Mossoró.
SOBRE O CONHECIMENTO PROFISSIONAL DOCENTE NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DA APRENDIZAGEM DE ALUNOS DOS ANOS INICIAIS EM MATEMÁTICA
Authors: Souza de Alencar Edvonete
Published: February 2021

O artigo apresenta uma pesquisa que teve como cenário investigativo uma escola que obteve avanço de proficiência nos anos de 2008 a 2012 em uma avaliação externa. Nosso objetivo foi investigar quais são os possíveis conhecimentos profissionais docentes são necessários para que ocorra a aprendizagem dos alunos dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Aplicamos um questionário, uma entrevista e recolhemos atividades de um professor do 5 ano, segmento avaliado. Referenciamo-nos aos autores do Conhecimento profissional Docente: Shulman, Ball e Bass e Tardif, assim como a Vergnaud para nos embasar quanto ao objeto matemático. Percebemos que o estudo e uso adequado dos materiais disponibilizados pela Secretária da Educação, assim como a complementação com atividades contextualizadas são fatores significativos no desempenho dos alunos desta escola.
ANÁLISE E VISUALIZAÇÃO DE FORMAS QUADRÁTICAS NA DETERMINAÇÃO DE PONTOS EXTREMANTES
Authors: Vieira Alves Francisco Regis
Published: February 2021

Enfatizam-se, neste artigo, situações que envolvam a visualização e a análise gráfico-geométrica da noção da forma quadrática hessiana. Tal noção está intimamente vinculada à descrição e identificação de pontos extremantes, para funções do tipo ( , ) z f x y = . Assim, com o uso de uma formulação matemática (polinômio de Taylor de 2ª ordem) que permite a investigação de tais pontos, acrescenta-se o uso dos softwares Geogebra e do CAS Maple, a fim de envidar os esforços didáticos no sentido de uma significação intuitiva e heurística de situações particulares, no contexto do ensino do Cálculo a Várias Variáveis - CVV. Pontuando a descrição sugerida por Lima (2009), no contexto de Análise no n IR , apresentam-se outros padrões gráfico-geométricos concernentes ainda ao mesmo critério de investigação. As situações discutidas buscam suavizar as rotinas algoritimizadas e invariantes do ensino acadêmico. Ademais, determinadas limitações dos softwares podem ser superadas, quando apoiadas em um ambiente de uso didático, de maneira complementar.
EVA: UM AMBIENTE VIRTUAL DE ESINO-APRENDIZAGEM PARA A FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES E A EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA EM CIÊNCIAS
Authors: Dos Santos Souza Nilcimar , Paixão Linhares Marília
Published: February 2021

Considerando como desafio incorporar as tecnologias educacionais às salas de aula, especialmente às salas de aula de Ciências, desenvolvemos um ambiente virtual de ensino-aprendizagem denominado Espaço Virtual de Aprendizagem (EVA), destinado a apoiar o ensino de Ciências na educação básica e profissional regular e Proeja e a discutir e refletir sobre a prática docente na formação inicial e continuada de professores de Ciências. Apresentaremos neste trabalho as diretrizes e fundamentação teórica da metodologia de ensino que orientou a criação do EVA; abordaremos as ferramentas presentes no sistema e os contextos educacionais em que o EVA foi utilizado até o momento. Por fim, empreenderemos uma avaliação do sistema com uma parcela dos alunos que participaram de estudos no EVA, de forma a permitir refletir sobre o perfil do grupo de futuros professores envolvidos na pesquisa frente as novas possibilidades didáticas trazidas pelas TIC e diante da postura de alunos da educação básica de jovens e adultos inseridos no projeto.
EDUCAÇÃO PATRIMONIAL: VIVENCIANDO OS CINCO PASSOS DA PEDAGOGIA HISTÓRICO-CRÍTICA
Authors: Pires Carvalho Michele , Moscon Oliveira Eduardo Augusto
Published: February 2021

Este trabalho descreve uma sequência didática de educação patrimonial aplicada no ensino fundamental, para alunos dos 9ºs anos da escola Pública “Pedro Herkenhoff”, localizada no município de Vila Velha, Espírito Santo, Brasil, fundamentando-se nos cinco passos da pedagogia histórico-crítica: prática social inicial, problematização, instrumentalização, catarse e prática social final, onde os alunos se apropriam criticamente do conhecimento científico. Foram realizadas como ação pedagógica: exposição oral e apresentação de slides, debates, jogos, confecção de fantoches, teatros, confecção de miniaturas de casacas, aulas de campo, relatórios, produção de vídeos e edição de jornal. A atividade permitiu uma reflexão sobre uma educação cidadã partindo das informações prévias dos alunos sobre Patrimônio e da realidade local. Possibilitou a construção de um sentimento positivo de valorização local de forma a agir de forma crítica e responsável diante do patrimônio público socialmente compartilhado.
A EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL NOS CURSOS DE LICENCIATURAS: À LUZ DE UM NOVO INSTRUMENTO DE ANÁLISE
Authors: De Conti Regina Paula , Meneghello Passos Marinez , De Mello Arruda Sergio
Published: February 2021

Este artigo tem como objeto de estudo as ementas de disciplinas que contemplam a Educação Ambiental nos cursos de licenciaturas. As ementas foram submetidas à análise qualitativa, à luz da Matriz 3x3, um instrumento que foi utilizado, inicialmente, para a análise das reflexões do professor em sala de aula. O propósito de pesquisar as ementas determinou dois objetivos a serem alcançados: (i) levantar indicativos de quais relações epistêmicas com o saber no contexto do conteúdo, ensino e aprendizagem, a ementa apresentaria, e (ii) evidenciar o potencial de flexibilidade da Matriz 3x3. Para construir o acervo de ementários, foram selecionados os cursos de Licenciatura em Pedagogia, Ciências Biológicas, Geografia e Química das Instituições de Ensino Superior Públicas do Estado do Paraná.
UM MODELO DE ARQUITETURA MENTAL DE INFERÊNCIA DOS ESTÍMULOS SENSORIAIS PARA O ENSINO DE SURDOS
Authors: Dos Santos Guimarães Rubens , Strafacci Júnior Válter , Tasinaffo Paulo Marcelo
Published: February 2021

A transmissão e fixação de conhecimento sustentam-se na faculdade cognitiva sobre os conceitos a ele atrelados. A repetibilidade de suas aplicações constrói uma base sólida para a Educação, segundo padrões culturais e comportamentais estabelecidos pela Sociedade. Essa faculdade cognitiva para depreender sobre aquilo que se observa e percebe, encarada como intrínseca dos Seres Humanos, independe de sua capacidade física. Este artigo apresenta um Modelo conceitual de Arquitetura Mental Digitalizada - AMD, que possibilita reproduzir as Inferências sobre estímulos sensoriais de surdos, focada na implementação de um sistema web que tem por finalidade melhorar o processo de ensino e aprendizado de alunos com desabilidade auditiva. Nesta proposta, avaliam-se os aspectos contextuais vivenciados por aprendizes, durante as interações entre os elementos constituintes de uma sessão de estudos, com base em experimentos com dois alunos surdos matriculados no ensino médio regular. Os resultados permitem inferir sobre o potencial de um ambiente computacional de comunicação para ampliar as possibilidades de inclusão social desses alunos.
МЕХАНИЧЕСКАЯ ПОДДЕРЖКА КРОВООБРАЩЕНИЯ ПРИ ПРОВЕДЕНИИИ ЧРЕСКОЖНЫХ КОРОНАРНЫХ ВМЕШАТЕЛЬСТВ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С КАРДИОГЕННЫМ ШОКОМ
Authors: Шарафеев А.З. , Алхазуров А.И. , Халирахманов А.Ф. , Индербиев Т.С.
Published: February 2021

Цель исследования – провести анализ эффективности современных средств механической поддержки кровообращения.
Материалы и методы. Мы проанализировали источники отечественной и зарубежной литературы за последние 5 лет по вопросу о роли механической поддержки кровообращения у пациентов с кардиогенным шоком.
Полученные результаты. На сегодняшний день рутинное применение ВАБК не рекомендовано и ограничено лишь КШ, развившимся в результате механических осложнений ОИМ. Продемонстрировано статистически значимое преимущество Impella 2.5 перед ВАБК по достижению гемодинамической компенсации у пациентов с ОИМ и КШ в виде более выраженного повышения сердечного индекса. Применение TandemHeart улучшает показатели сердечного индекса, среднего АД, уменьшает давление заклинивания легочной артерии и центральное венозное давление, что приводит к уменьшению давления наполнения обоих желудочков и проявляется в снижении нагрузки на миокард и его потребности в кислороде. Применение ВА-ЭКМО значительно снижает смертность пациентов с кардиогенным шоком.
Заключение. Принятие решения о показаниях к имплантации и выборе имплантируемого устройства МПК проводится мультидисциплинарной «кардиокомандой». Имеющиеся на сегодняшний день РКИ не являются достаточными для окончательных выводов в отношении современных методов МПК. Текущие рекомендации не поддерживают рутинное применение МПК. Новые устройства МПК предлагают более широкий спектр клинических показаний и более высокий уровень гемодинамической поддержки.
КОРРЕКЦИЯ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ ВРОЖДЁННОГО ИММУНИТЕТА ПРИ ГНОЙНОМ ПЕРИТОНИТЕ ВНУТРИБРЮШНЫМ ВВЕДЕНИЕМ ОЗОНИРОВАННЫХ РАСТВОРОВ
Authors: Рагимов Р.М. , Кафаров Э.С. , Абдуллаева Н.М.
Published: February 2021

С целью сравнения влияния озонированного физиологического раствора и озонированного перфторана на параметры врождённого иммунитета при перитоните нами проведен эксперимент на белых крысах-самцах 3-4 месячного возраста. После моделирования калового перитонита по С.С. Ременнику (1965) животные были разделены на 4 серии (по 25 в каждой серии): в 1-й серии вводили озонированный перфторан, во 2-й – озонированный физиологический раствор, в 3-й – перфторан без озона, в 4-й – физиологический раствор. Растворы инъецировались в брюшную полость из расчета 2 мл на 100 г массы тела. Еще 10 крыс были использованы в качестве контроля. Через 24, 48, 72 часа и на 7-е и 14-е сутки выведены из эксперимента декапитацией под хлороформным наркозом.
Penguatan Pendidikan Melalui Lingkungan Pembelajaran Dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Belajar Siswa Di Madrasah
Authors: Machfudz Machfudz
Published: February 2021

In the world of education, the environment is one of the elements of education. Because if it is lacking or missing one of them, then it can not be said as education, closely related to education. The learning environment is an important element that affects students' learning, resulting in a variety of interactions in student outcomes and quality of learning. The role of the learning environment in improving academic quality is the presence of supportive, good classroom management, quality learning resources, and good classroom management. Can affect how students learn patterns so that the quality of their assessment is good, and proven by the presence of quality output. Because in the world of education, in addition to assessment skills are considered necessary, as a benchmark of students' ability in their learning outcomes. The role of the learning environment in improving the quality of non-academic is through extracurricular, ethical and moral. As a teacher and educator the teacher can measure the students' non-academic skills, as well as see the progress of their students' behavior.

Keywords: Education, Learning Environment, Learning quality

Abstrak

Dalam dunia pendidikan, lingkungan merupakan salah satu hal dari unsur pendidikan. Karena jika kurang ataupun hilang salah satunya, maka tidak bisa dikatakan sebagai pendidikan, Erat kaitannya dengan pendidikan. Lingkungan pembelajaran termasuk unsur penting yang berpengaruh pada belajar siswa sehingga menimbulkan berbagai interaksi pada hasil dan kualitas belajar siswa. Peran lingkungan pembelajaran dalam meningkatkan kualitas akademik adalah dengan adanya sarpras yang mendukung, menejemen kelas yang baik, sumber belajar yang berkualitas, serta pengelolaan kelas yang baik. Dapat mempengaruhi bagaimana pola belajar siswa sehingga kualitas penilaian mereka pun baik, dan di buktikan dengan  adanya output yang berkualitas pula. Karena dalam dunia pendidikan, selain skill penilaian pun dianggap perlu, sebagai tolak ukur kemampuan siswa dalam hasil belajarnya. Peran  lingkungan pembelajaran dalam meningkatkan kualitas non akademik adalah melalui ekstakulikuler, etika dan akhlak. Sebagai seorang pengajar dan pendidik guru dapat mengukur kemampuan skill non akademik siswa, serta melihat perkembangan tingkah laku siswanya.

Kata Kunci: Pendidikan, Lingkungan Belajar, kualitas Pembelajaran
Non-Discriminatory Royalties for Standard Essential Patents: Setting the Boundaries
Authors: Österman Julia
Published: February 2021

Technical standards often implicate patented technologies. This poses a risk of patent hold-up, whereby a standard essential patent (‘SEP’) holder opportunistically exploits its market power conferred by standardization and demands excessive and possibly differential royalties from implementers of the standard. Commitments to license on fair, reasonable, and non-discriminatory (‘F/RAND’) terms imposed on SEP holders are intended to avoid that risk. Nevertheless, the practical implications of the non-discrimination (‘ND’) prong of F/RAND have become a subject of debate and litigation as a matter of contract and antitrust law. This paper seeks to answer the question: ‘To what extent is a F/RAND-committed SEP holder legally allowed to charge differential royalties to different licensees for the patented technology from the U.S. and the EU perspectives?’ It explores the meaning of the ND prong by examining IEEE, (= Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) JEDEC, (= Joint Electron Device Engineering Council) and ETSI’s (European Telecommunications Standards Institute) bylaws, inspecting U.S. and EU antitrust norms, analyzing case law of the U.S. and European courts, and reviewing legal and economic arguments in the academic literature. According to the dominant perception, SEP holders are obliged to license to similarly situated licensees on similar terms. Based on the interpretations in case law and literature, it is possible for a SEP holder to charge differential royalties legally to licensees manufacturing dissimilar devices incorporating the technology, and even to licensees manufacturing similar devices when the needed transactions differ. Discrimination in royalties may also trigger antitrust liability when it is capable of harming competition, although the threshold is significantly lower in EU law than in U.S. law.
Incorporation and Implementation – The Execution of the EEA Agreement by the Icelandic State
Authors: Einarsdóttir Margrét
Published: February 2021

The EEA Agreement is the most extensive international agreement Iceland has entered into, and plays a vital role in the country ́s economy. The principal objective of the Agreement is to expand Europe’s internal market, so that the four freedoms, ie free movement ofgoods, persons, services and capital, apply not only to the EU Member States, but also to the EEA EFTA States. The execution of the EEA Agreement is a complicated task and entails two steps; Firstly, EU acts (that are EEA-relevant), have to be incorporated into the EEA Agreement. Secondly the EEA acts need to be implemented at national level. This two-step process, has not been working sufficiently well in recent years, resulting in failure by the Icelandic state to fulfil its obligations on the basis of the EEA Agreement. The aim of this paper to to explain why, by defining and analysing all the factors that hinder the incorporation of EU/EEA law into the EEA legal order and implementation into Icelandic law. Furthermore the paper aims to provide suggestions on how to improve these processes. This paper argues that there are two underlying principal reasons for this poor performance. Firstly, changes within the EU have added new challenges to the execution of the EEA Agreement. Secondly, a certain lack of willingness among Icelandic politicians to accept the realities of the EEA agreement has led to delays in the proccesses.
An Old Procedure with new Solutions for the Rule of Law Crisis
Authors: Hilpert Franziska-Marie Laura
Published: February 2021

Suggested citation: 

Franziska-Marie Laura Hilpert, 'An Old Procedure with new Solutions for the Rule of Law Crisis' (2019) 2(2) NJEL 1.

While commentators for the past years, have highlighted that there is no effective enforcement mechanism after accession for the values of the European Union which are enshrined in Article 2 TEU, the Juncker Commission has announced in 2017 that it will be ‘bigger and more ambitious on big things, and smaller and more modest on small things’ thus applying a more strategic approach to enforcement in terms of handling infringements. This Article thus analyses two cases brought by the Juncker Commission after 2017 and on their bases seeks to show that the infringement procedure, when applied strategically, is and remains an effective enforcement mechanism even for the values enshrined in Article 2 TEU in the ‘rule of law crisis’. Thus, by way of analysis of the case C-619/18 Commission v Poland and its comparison with similar cases which have not been as effective, it is shown how the infringement procedure can prevent the enforcement of the most controversial provisions regarding the judiciary in Hungary and Poland and ensure the separation of powers, which is essential for the rule of law. Moreover, by comparison of the Commission’s request and the decision of the Court of Justice of the European Union in C-235/17 Commission v Hungary it is shown how the Charter could become a significant legal instrument in the Commissions infringement policy towards Member States that are undermining fundamental rights and the rule of law. This Article thereby aims to contribute to the discussion on how to effectively enforce the values of the EU enshrined in Article 2 TEU through an existing enforcement mechanism.
SEGRO and its Aftermath
Authors: Groussot Xavier , Kirst Niels , Leisure Patrick
Published: February 2021

The Court ofJustice ofthe European Union’s (CJEU, Court) SEGRO judgment is more than just a recent addition to the debate on the so-called rule of law crisis in the European Union. As this case note shows, SEGRO touches on the most fundamental aspects of the European Union and its relation to the Member States. From an economic perspective, the Court in SEGRO’s treatment ofproperty rights and the ability ofeconomic actors to rely on their lawfully concluded contracts forms the undercurrent of economic investment in the Union. From a functional perspective, the case is perhaps indicative of a wider change in the role of the Court with respect to national courts’ margin of discretion. From a normative perspective, SEGRO gives rise to an important discussion on the difference between fundamental rights and economic freedoms in the EU since the entering into force of the Lisbon Treaty in 2009, as well as ‘constitutional homogeneity’ in the EU after Hungary’s legislative reforms. Finally, from an evolutionary perspective, SEGRO marks another iteration in perhaps a wider shift in the trajectory of the Court with respect to questions that menace the integrity of the functioning of the European Union. This case note first examines the background (I) and facts of the case (II). Then it analyses the Opinion of the Advocate General (III) and the findings of the Court (IV). It concludes with a discussion based not only on an analysis of the SEGRO case (V), but also going beyond the case by analysing the most recent jurisprudential developments concerning Hungary and the issue of the (non-respect) of the Rule of Law in the European Union(VI).
When internal Practices mould Powers
Authors: Fyhr Kim
Published: February 2021

This paper looks at the various forms of the functioning of the Presidency of Council of the European Union in the European Parliament. This interaction stems from EU legislation and practical inter-institutional arrangements. The overarching aim is to tackle the myriad of interaction in an analytical-descriptive way and shed light on the implications of these practices. The conclusion of this paper suggests that the internal rules of the European Parliament, most notably the rules of procedure, have had an impact on power relations at the expense of the Council although there is no EU primary law legal basis for Council accountability to the European Parliament. These mainly internally driven rules of the European Parliament have contributed to the practical environment for the functioning of the rotating Presidency in the European Parliament hence triggering spillover of tasks for the Presidency. The changes in the power relations may also have repercussions on the competence dimension in the longer term.
La naissance du projet Arpège-IFS à Météo-France et au CEPMMT
Authors: Pailleux Jean , Coiffier Jean , Courtier Philippe , Legrand Emmanuel
Published: February 2021

À Météo-France, la décennie 1985-1995 a vu une profonde transformation de la prévision numérique du temps (PNT) qui a d'abord conduit au remplacement des modèles de prévision opérationnels Émeraude et Péridot par Arpège et Aladin. Dans la même période, un vaste programme de recherche et de développement a été lancé conjointement avec le CEPMMT concernant l'initialisation des modèles par des techniques d'assimilation de données dites « variationnelles ». Cette période a été aussi marquée par un virage vers beaucoup plus de coopération entre institutions travaillant sur la PNT dans les différents pays européens. Jean-François Geleyn s'est trouvé en première ligne de cette profonde transformation, toujours impliqué dans les décisions stratégiques, mais aussi souvent impliqué comme expert dans les études et développements touchant plusieurs aspects scientifiques.

At Météo-France, the 1985-1995 decade was marked by a complete transformation of Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) which led first to the replacement of the operational models Émeraude and Péridot by Arpège and Aladin. In the same period, a large research and development programme was initiated jointly with ECMWF on model initialisation through so-called 'variational' assimilation techniques. This period was also marked by an important change towards closer cooperation between the different institutions working on NWP in European countries. Jean-François Geleyn was instrumental in this complete transformation of NWP. He was always involved in the strategic decisions, but also as an expert in the studies and developments on several scientific aspects.
Jean-François Geleyn, fondateur et premier directeur de programme d'Aladin
Authors: Termonia Piet , Pottier Patricia
Published: February 2021

Jean-François Geleyn a dirigé le consortium international d'Aladin de 1990 à 2010, d'abord de manière informelle, puis, plus tard, en tant que directeur du programme. Ce consortium était une collaboration de 16 instituts météorologiques nationaux européens et nord-africains qui ont développé et maintenu le système de prévision météorologique numérique d'Aladin. Bien que de nombreuses personnes aient contribué à cette collaboration, son succès exceptionnel est le résultat des efforts inlassables de Jean-François Geleyn, de ses facultés intellectuelles exceptionnelles et de son dévouement humain unique pour ce programme. Ses efforts ont constitué la base de la collaboration avec le consortium Hirlam, qui a finalement abouti à un nouveau consortium de 26 pays pour la prévision météorologique numérique.

Jean-François Geleyn has been leading the international Aladin consortium from 1990 until 2010, first informally and then later, as the Program Manager. This consortium was a collaboration of 16 European and North-African national meteorological institutes that developed and maintained the Aladin numerical-weather prediction system. While many people contributed to this collaboration, its outstanding success was the result of Jean-François Geleyn's tireless efforts, his exceptional intellect and his unique human dedication to the program. His efforts formed the basis for the collaboration with the Hirlam consortium that ultimately led to a new consortium of 26 countries for numerical weather prediction.
Aplikasi Analisis Biomekanika (Kinovea Software) Untuk Mengembangkan Kemampuan Lari Jarak Pendek (100 M) Mahasiswa PJKR Unsur
Authors: Rahadian Adi
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kemampuan kecepatan lari 100 meter. Penelitian ini, dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui analisis kecepatan setiap per 10 meter. Lari 100 meter dengan sistem energi anaerobik laktit perlu pola strategi atau pengaturan kecepatan untuk mendapatkan prestasi terbaik. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian survey. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu Mahasiswa Tingkat I PJKR FKIP UNSUR. Teknik pengambilan data menggunakan purposive sampling, sampel yang didapatkan sejumlah 10 orang. Data yang diperoleh berupa video dan analisis data menggunakan kinovea software. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelari dapat melakukan percepatan (akselerasi) pada jarak 0-50 meter dengan nilai rata-rata percepatan (akselerasi) yang dilakukakn pelari yaitu 1.23 m/s, dan pelari kembali melakukan percepatan pada jarak 80-90 meter dengan nilai rata-rata percepatan (akselerasi) yang dilakukan pelari  yaitu 1.23 m/s.
Modifikasi Alat Terhadap Kemampuan Passing Bawah Dalam Pembelajaran Bola Voli
Authors: Gumilang Yoga Tri , Ramadan Gilang
Published: February 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk memperoleh gambaran objektif tentang pengaruh pembelajaran passing bawah dengan menggunksn modifikasi alat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen dengan one group pretest-postest design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 20 siswa putra kelas V sekolah dasar, sedangkan untuk sampel menggunakan kelas V yang berjumlah 20 siswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah pembelajaran passing bawah menggunakan rubrik penilaian, yakni nilai rata-rata post test (15,19) lebih besar daripada pre test (16,12). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pengaruh modifikasi alat dapat meningkatkan pembelajaran passing bawah pada siswa kelas V SDN Pakapasan Hilir Kecamatan Hantara Kabupaten Kuningan.
UPAYA MENGEMBANGKAN MOTORIK HALUS ANAK USIA DINI MELALUI KEGIATAN MENGGUNTING
Authors: Nurjani Yan Yan
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan  motorik halus melalui kegiatan menggunting pada anak usia dini di kelompok B TK YBA’45 Kecamatan Tarogong Kidul Kabupaten Garut. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus. Subjek penelitian ini adalah anak-anak kelompok B TK YBA’45 Tarogong Kidul yang berjumlah 15 anak. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada semester II pada bulan April sampai Mei tahun ajaran 2017/2018. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi. Instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar observasi. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian pengembangan motorik halus Pra Tindakan menunjukan kriteria kurang baik dengan nilai rata-rata pengembangan motorik halus sebesar 46.65%. Hasil penelitian pada Siklus I menunjukan kriteria cukup dengan nilai rata-rata pengembangan motorik halus sebesar 63.3%. Setelah dilakukan tindakan pada siklus I telah menunjukan keberhasil dalam mengembangkan motorik halus tetapi belum mencapai indikator keberhasilan sehingga diperlukan siklus selanjutnya. Hasil Siklus II pencapaian kriteria baik dengan nilai rata-rata pengembangan motorik halus sebesar 87.8%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan uraian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa melalui kegiatan menggunting dapat mengembangkan motorik halus pada anak kelompok B semester II di TK YBA’45 Tarogong Kidul sebesar 24.5%.
Tinjauan Minat Belajar Mahasiswa Olahraga Terhadap Mata Kuliah Gulat di Universitas Islam 45 Bekasi
Authors: Iskandar Tatang
Published: February 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui seberapa besar minat belajar mahasiswa olahraga terhadap matakuliah gulat di Universitas islam ‘45’ Bekasi dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi minat belajar mahasiswa olahraga terhadap mata kuliah gulat Universitas islam 45 bekasi sehingga diharapkan minat belajar mahasiswa olahraga terhadap matakuliah gulat bertambah.Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survey dan data yang diperoleh menggunakan angket. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu mahasiswa olahraga Universitas Islam ‘45’ bekasi tahun ajaran 2019.. Teknik penambilan sample dilakukan menggunakan teknik total sampling, jadi 168 mahasiswaakan dijadikan sampel. Instrument yang digunakan penelitian ini adalah angket.Hasil analisa data kemudian dilakukan pengujian Hipotesis, yang menyatakan bahwa mahasiswa olahraga Universitas Islam ‘45’ Bekasi dalam mengikuti kegiatan matakuliah gulat adalah untuk memenuhi unsur Minat yang signifikan.Hasil Penelitian menyimpulkan, bahwa unsur intrinsik memiliki peran lebih besar dengan nilai 50,86 % dan unsur ekstrinsik sebesar 49,14%. Unsur intrinsik yang paling berperan adalah indikator perhatian dan aktivitas dengan masing-masing prosentasinya sebesar 34%, sisanya dari indikator tertarik dengan prosentase 32%. Unsur ekstrinsik yang paling berperan adalah indikator dosen dengan prosentase 41%, selanjutnya indikator teman 32% dan indikaror keluarga 27%.
KEMAMPUAN TEKNIK DASAR BOLA BASKET: STUDI DESKRIPTIF PADA MAHASISWA
Authors: Malik Arief Abdul , Rubiana Iman
Published: February 2021

Pada tahun 2019 merupakan tahun pertama seleksi bersama masuk perguruan tinggi negeri (SBMPTN) menggunakan portofolio bagi mahasiswa yang memilih program studi dalam bidang seni dan/atau olahraga. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan teknik dasar bola basket pada mahasiswa pendidikan jasmani yang masuk melalui jalur SBMPTN pada tahun 2019. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan sampel sebanyak 130 mahasiswa yang berusia 17-21 tahun. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes passing ke dinding dengan jarak 3 meter selama 30 detik, tes shooting selama 30 detik, dan tes menggiring bola dengan zig zag. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik statistik deskriptif. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh infomasi bahwa rata-rata kemampuan teknik dasar bola basket mahasiswa berada pada kategori cukup berdasarkan penilaian acuan nilai (PAN). Perlu adanya perbandingan antara penerimaan mahasiswa melalui jalur lain agar dapat diketahui perbedaan kemampuan mahasiswa pada masing-masing jalur penerimaan berdasarkan cabang olahraga yang diajarkan pada jurusan yang memiliki program studi olahraga agar didapatkan data yang lebih komprehensif.
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL LATIHAN PUKULAN DROPSHOT BULUTANGKIS UNTUK USIA 12 – 14 TAHUN
Authors: Kusnadi Nanang
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) Mengembangkan model latihan pukulan dropshot bulutangkis, 2) Memperoleh data empiris tentang keefektifan model latihan pukulan dropshot bulutangkis dan peningkatan keterampilan pukulan dropshot bulutangkis untuk kelompok umur 12 – 14 tahun. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan menggunakan metode research and development (RD) dari Borg and Gall yang terdiri dari 10 langkah. Subyek ujicoba dalam penelitian ini adalah atlet bulutangkis yang berusia 12 – 14 tahun. Uji efektifitas model digunakan untuk mengetahui tingkat keterampilan pukulan dropshot bulutangkis subjek penelitian. Analisis data penelitian menggunakan uji t dengan taraf signifikansi 0.05.  Analisis data diperoleh nilai rata-rata pre test 21,19 dan rata-rata post test 27,87, standar deviasi pre test 4,8 dan post test 4,3, rata-rata pre test dan post test -6,68 dan standar deviasi 4,18, nilai t -8,89, signifikansi (2-tailed) 0,000 dengan taraf signifikansi 0,05 maka H0 ditolak. Berdasarkan data  tersebut dapat dikatakan bahwa model latihan pukulan dropshot bulutangkis yang dikembangkan efektif dan dapat meningkatkan keterampilan pukulan dropshot bulutangkis untuk kelompok umur 12 – 14 tahun. Kata kunci: Model, dropshot, bulutangkis
PENGARUH METODE LATIHAN DAN KEMAMPUAN GERAK (MOTOR ABILITY) TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN TENDANGAN LURUS PENCAK SILAT
Authors: Barikah Amalia , Pratiwi Endang , Asri Novri
Published: February 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menyelidiki dampak dari metode pelatihan (skipping tali usig dan lompat) dan kemampuan motorik pada keterampilan tendangan lurus Pencak Silat. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Ikatan Pencak Silat Indonesia (IPSI) di Kalimantan Selatan menggunakan desain faktorial 2 x 2. Analisis ragam antar kelompok berada pada tingkat signifikansi α = 0,05. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara metode pelatihan dan kemampuan motorik terhadap keterampilan tendangan lurus Pencak Silat. Kemampuan Motorik terdiri dari tingkat tinggi dan rendah.Sampel terdiri dari 56 pesilat yang dibagi menjadi empat kelompok, masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 14 pesilat. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis varians dua arah (ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Tukey pada tingkat signifikansi α = 0,05. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) secara umum, keterampilan tendangan lurus Pencak Silat yang menggunakan metode latihan lompat tali lebih tinggi daripada yang menggunakan metode lompat pelatihan, (2) untuk kemampuan motorik tinggi yang menggunakan metode latihan lompat tali lebih tinggi daripada yang menggunakan metode lompat pelatihan, (3) untuk kemampuan motorik rendah yang menggunakan lompat tali dan metode lompat pelatihan tidak berbeda pada α = .05 tingkat signifikansi, (4) ada hubungan antara metode pelatihan dan kemampuan motorik menuju skill tendangan lurus Pencak Silat.
PENGARUH LATIHAN KELENTUKAN STATIS TERHADAP SENAM LANTAI FORWARD ROLL PADA ATLET USIA DINI EXSTUDIO BODY SHAPE CENTER PALEMBANG
Authors: Sugarwanto Sugarwanto , Okilanda Ardo
Published: February 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh latihan kelentukan statis terhadap senam lantai forward roll atlet usia dini exstudio body shape center palembang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan metode eksperimen model one group pretest-posttest. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua atlet usia dini exstudio body shape center yang berjumlah 41 atlet didapat dari dua kali hasil tes terhadap subjek penelitian, yaitu tes awal (pretest) dan tes akhir (posttest), bentuk tes yang dilaksanakan yaitu instrument tes forward roll. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah menggunakan teknik statistik deskriptif model distribusi frekuensi, uji normalitas data, dan uji hipotesis yang berpedoman pada rumus uji t. Berdasarkan hasil analisis terhadap semua data yang terkumpul, dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh latihan kelentukan statis terhadap senam lantai forward roll pada atlet usia dini exstudio body shape center palembang. Pernyataan tersebut dapat dibuktikan dengan melihat dan membandingkan nilai rata-rata hasil tes awal (pretest) yaitu 54,02 dengan nilai rata-rata hasil tes akhir (posttest) yaitu 74,5. Selain itu juga didukung oleh hasil uji hipotesis terhadap data pretest dan posttest dimana didapat thitung (20,04) ttabel (2,02). Sesuai dengan kriteria pengujian hipotesis yang telah dirumuskan, dimana jika thitungttabel maka terima hipotesis yang menyatakan bahwa ada pengaruh latihan kelentukan statis terhadap senam lantai forward roll pada atlet usia dini exstudio body shape center Palembang.
Limit Densities of Patterns in Permutation Inflations
Authors: Khovanova Tanya , Zhang Eric
Published: February 2021

Call a permutation $k$-inflatable if the sequence of its tensor products with uniform random permutations of increasing lengths has uniform $k$-point pattern densities. Previous work has shown that nontrivial $k$-inflatable permutations do not exist for $k \geq 4$. In this paper, we derive a general formula for the limit densities of patterns in the sequence of tensor products of a fixed permutation with each permutation from a convergent sequence. By applying this result, we completely characterize $3$-inflatable permutations and find explicit examples of $3$-inflatable permutations with various lengths, including the shortest examples with length $17$.
All Minor-Minimal Apex Obstructions with Connectivity Two
Authors: Jobson Adam S. , Kézdy André E.
Published: February 2021

A graph is an apex graph if it contains a vertex whose deletion leaves a planar graph. The family of apex graphs is minor-closed and so it is characterized by a finite list of minor-minimal non-members. The long-standing problem of determining this finite list of apex obstructions remains open. This paper determines the $133$ minor-minimal, non-apex graphs that have connectivity two.
Classification of Toric Log Del Pezzo Surfaces with Few Singular Points
Authors: Suyama Yusuke
Published: February 2021

We give a classification of toric log del Pezzo surfaces with two or three singular points. Our proofs are purely combinatorial, relying on the bijection between toric log del Pezzo surfaces and the so-called LDP-polygons introduced by Dais and Nill.