bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Groundwater flow systems and slope stability
Authors: Hodge Robert A. L. , Freeze R. Allan
Published: February 2009

Slope stability analyses carried out in terms of effective stress require an understanding of the distribution of pore-water pressures in a slope. This understanding must be based on a knowledge of the groundwater flow system, which is in turn dependent on the regional geologic environment and the configuration of hydraulic conductivity contrasts. This paper presents several computer simulations of flow systems in a variety of hypothetical slopes. Results show that the presence of low-conductivity units at the surface or at depth can be extremely detrimental to stability, particularly if they confine units of higher conductivity. The contrast in conductivity need not be more than two orders of magnitude. Such situations are common in thrust blocks, interbedded sedimentary rocks, weathering profiles, and deformed metamorphic rocks. Groundwater conditions critical to stability arise in anisotropic formations, where the axis of maximum conductivity is parallel to the dip of the slope. Fluctuations in regional flow systems can be critical to the stability of unconsolidated, terraced sediments.
Factors affecting distribution of landslides along rivers in southern Alberta
Authors: Thomson S. , Morgenstern N. R.
Published: February 2009

A regional study of the distribution and characteristics of landslides along four major rivers in southern Alberta was undertaken in order to relate landslide activity to geologic and physiographic factors such as bedrock outcrop, groundwater, river sinuosity, and the aspect of valley slope. This provides greater insight into the factors controlling slides in the study region, particularly in the Cretaceous bedrock.The study was based on an analysis of air photos, augmented by surficial and bedrock geologic maps and hydrogeologic and bedrock topographic maps. The area is underlain by a thick sequence of gently dipping sedimentary strata of Upper Cretaceous age. Late Pleistocene glaciation deranged the drainage to some extent and the rivers studied now occupy postglacial channels in some reaches and are re-excavating preglacial channels in other reaches.The results of the study indicate that the bedrock type is of considerable importance since there is marked difference in valley wall stability between relatively unstable marine formations and the relatively stable nonmarine formations. Areas of comparatively high groundwater exert an obvious influence on landsliding. The importance of buried valleys in locally drawing down the water table is clearly evident. More than 90% of the landslides occur in meander bends and are related to river erosion.Failures in the bedrock appear to be translational whereas those higher on the valley wall in Pleistocene sediments are largely rotational. The data have been assembled on a profile of the river and present a regional picture of landslide activity over a large area.
Geological and geomorphological controls of landslides in Ottawa Valley, Ontario
Authors: Fransham P. B. , Gadd N. R.
Published: February 2009

Seventeen maps at a scale of 1:50 000 showing the distribution of sensitive clay deposits and associated landslides in Ottawa Valley have been compiled. The following map-units have been used: rock, till, and gravel older than the clay; sensitive clay associated with the Champlain Sea; sand and gravel overlying clay; and organic deposits overlying clay. Also shown on the maps are landslides that could be identified on aerial photographs and a line representing the maximum limit of marine transgression.From data collected from several test borings, the sensitive clay has been divided into four distinct stratigraphic units. Visual identification criteria have been developed and average index properties are given. These results show that ‘Leda’ clay is not a clay with unique properties, but displays considerable variability. The four stratigraphic units have been related to the history of transgression and regression of the Champlain Sea. Many of the large landslides occurred early in the history of the area during a period when a considerably larger Ottawa River cut several broad channels through the sediment.By combining the surficial geology and the stratigraphic profiles obtained by drilling it has been possible to classify sensitive clay slopes into two geologic settings. One setting consists of clay at the surface and the other has a thin layer of fine sand overlying the sensitive clay. The majority of the large retrogressive slides have occurred in slopes of the latter setting. A comparison study is being carried out on the two settings and some preliminary results are presented here.
Statistical forecasting of compressibility of peaty ground
Authors: Kogure Keiji , Ohira Yoshinori
Published: February 2009

Statistical techniques are used to forecast the compressibility of peaty ground. Based on data from more than 100 consolidation tests on undisturbed samples of peat and underlying clay, various regression equations are developed to estimate the compression index, in terms of more easily determined soil index properties. It is found that the compression index can be reasonably well approximated by the use of a simple linear regression model involving the natural water content and the natural void ratio. These regression equations are then compared with those that have been reported by other investigators. These regression equations may permit a preliminary estimation of the settlement of peaty ground. The obtained statistical relationships apply to the peaty ground in the Ishikari area, Hokkaido, Japan, and it should be emphasized that such relationships are approximate and caution should be used in their application.
Blast vibration monitoring of rock excavations
Authors: Keil L. D. , Burgess A. S. , Nielsen N. M. , Koropatnick A.
Published: February 2009

Vibration monitoring of blasting for rock excavation has been undertaken at a number of large hydroelectric and other construction sites in Canada. This paper presents the relationships between vibration measurements and intensity of blasting at different project sites. These are related to rock type, blasting procedure, and other variables where applicable. The manner in which the results of monitoring were used to assess the possibilities of damage to adjacent structures, and to determine acceptable blasting intensities to control overbreak is discussed. Various blasting and damage criteria are reviewed.
Promotion of cone and seed production in grafted and seedling Douglas-fir seed orchards by application of gibberellin A4/7 mixture
Authors: Ross Stephen D. , Pharis Richard P. , Heaman J. C.
Published: February 2009

Both 4-year-old grafts and 6-year-old seedlings of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) were induced to flower, and the production of seed cones and filled seeds was significantly enhanced by branch applications of gibberellin A4/7 (GA4/7) mixture.For 6-year-old seedlings, when pooled over all levels of the auxin, napthaleneacetic acid (NAA), seed cone bud differentiation, and number of filled seeds per treatment branch tended to be enhanced by GA3, GA5, and GA9, relative to controls. A more marked enhancement (although still not significant) in number of filled seeds per treatment branch was noted for GA3, GA5, and GA9 when applied in combination with GA4/7, relative to GA4/7 alone. The combination of GA9 + GA4/7 significantly increased the number of seed cone buds differentiated, relative to GA4/7 alone. Low levels of NAA, pooled over all GA treatments, significantly increased the number of seed cones per branch at maturity, and tended to increase both the number of seed cone buds differentiated and filled seeds per branch.Girdling, an effective adjunct treatment for promoting flowering, reduced filled seeds per cone for grafts, but had no effect on seedlings. Neither cone abortion nor seed set was affected by the hormone treatments, although there was a tendency in the seedlings for NAA to reduce cone abortion and increase filled seeds per cone. Seed from GA-induced cones germinated equally as well as that from controls. For grafts, GA treatments resulted in a 500% increase in per-branch yield of filled seeds; for seedlings, increases of 250 to 600% were noted.
Essai d'un dosage d'azote dans trois sapinières de 60 ans au Québec: résultats de 10 ans
Authors: Roberge M. R. , Gagnon J. D. , Ung C. H.
Published: February 2009

Net merchantable volume and diameter growth and changes in various properties of the humus horizon of three natural balsam fir stands have been observed during 10 years following the addition of 112, 224, and 336 kg/ha of nitrogen as urea. The net growth in merchantable volume as a result of fertilization was 21 m3/ha with 112 kg/ha of nitrogen, and slightly more with 336 kg/ha of nitrogen. Diameter growth due to fertilization was maximum with 112 kg/ha of nitrogen then reaching 0.5 cm more than in the control. The chemical and microbiological properties of the humus horizon were more and more improved with an increase in the amount of nitrogen added, and this improvement was still easily observed 10 years after fertilization. Sample plots smaller than 0.04 ha did not allow us to determine fertilization effects with a satisfactory accuracy. According to the results obtained, the optimum amount of nitrogen to add as urea for a maximum growth would be less than 224 kg/ha. For an optimum improvement in the humus properties, the amount should probably not be over 336 kg/ha.
Black spruce crown fuel weights in northern Ontario
Authors: Stocks B.J.
Published: February 2009

Eighty black spruce (Piceamariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) trees from four pulpwood stands in north central Ontario were sampled to determine crown fuel weights. Crown fuel components, both living and dead, were separated into size classes precise enough for use in forest fire behavior research. Regression equations expressing various crown fuel components as a function of tree diameters at breast height (DBH) were derived, and the resulting.R2 values were between 0.75 and 0.84.Total crown biomass figures are presented herein for the four stands sampled. Approximately 80% of the total crown weight per hectare is made up of fuel particles ≤0.64 cm in diameter (including needle foliage). Live fuels make up approximately 74% of total crown weight per hectare.
Black spruce: 15-year growth and microbiological responses to thinning and fertilization
Authors: Weetman G. F. , Roberge M. R. , Meng C. H.
Published: February 2009

A 65-year-old upland black spruce stand was thinned and fertilized with urea in 1961. The 15-year total volume increases ranged from 3 to 9 m3 for an application of 112 kg N/ha and from 11.5 to 12.5 m3 for 448 kg N/ha. Most of the volume increases due to treatment took place in the first 10 years. Heavy thinning and fertilization had almost additive effects to produce an 86% increase in periodic gross increment. Neither periodic tree mortality nor distribution of response by tree size appeared to have been affected by treatment. Humus analyses of control plots and of plots treated with 448 kg N/ha, conducted in 1961, 1966, 1971, and 1976, indicated that after 15 years pH values were still higher, NH4-N levels approached equilibrium values twice as high as controls after 10 years, leaching and volatilization losses of N were negligible, the C/N ratios were lower, and the potential for N mineralization and total biological activity were higher on the N-treated plots. Significant black spruce stand responses to N fertilization have been shown in this stand but responses have been variable in other trials with this species. Further work is needed to explain these results.
Relationships between different estimates of mineralizable N in the organic materials under black spruce stands
Authors: Mahendrappa M. K.
Published: February 2009

Samples of top (L) and middle (F) organic horizons from beneath a black spruce, (Piceamariana (Mill.) B.S.P.), stand were treated with urea and diammonium phosphate (DAP) prior to incubation in the forest and in controlled environment chambers. KCl-extractable NH4+ N, KCl-extractable Kjeldahl N and alkaline-distillable N in autoclaved portions of the samples (ADNAS) were determined before and after incubation. Samples of L, F, and H (bottom) horizons collected periodically from the fertilizer-treated plots in a black spruce stand were subjected to similar analyses.A linear relationship was found between the quantities of KCl-extractable NH4+ N and ADNAS in samples incubated under different conditions. Factors such as temperature regime, fertilizer additions, and position of the organic horizons in the soil did not influence the relationship. The observed relationship was valid for the field samples from a fertilized black spruce stand and it appears logical to suggest that the estimate of ADNAS should be considered a good indicator of net mineralizable hence potentially available N. Estimates of ADNAS appear to be preferable to KCl-extractable NH4+ N because of the rapidity and simplicity of the analysis involved.
Seasonal changes in mycorrhizal and fibrous-textured root biomass in 23- and 180-year-old Pacific silver fir stands in western Washington
Authors: Vogt Kristiina A. , Edmonds Robert L. , Grier Charles C. , Piper Stephen R.
Published: February 2009

Seasonal changes in mycorrhizal and fibrous root biomass were examined in 23- and 180-year-old Abiesamabilis (Dougl.) Forbes stands. Both stands had similar patterns of change in mycorrhizal root biomass with the lowest level in the summer and highest in the fall. The fall peak of fine root biomass was the result of increased mycorrhizal and not fibrous root biomass. High levels of active mycorrhizal root biomass were measured during the winter months under a snowpack at soil temperatures of 1 °C. In both stands mycorrhizal roots comprised the largest proportion of the weight of fine roots during the winter (29%) and the lowest during the summer (2%). Except during early summer, the old stand had significantly higher levels of mycorrhizal root biomass in comparison to the young stand throughout the year.
Starch content of conifers defoliated by the Douglas-fir tussock moth
Authors: Webb Warren L.
Published: February 2009

Studies were conducted in British Columbia, Canada, and New Mexico in areas where the tussock moth (Orgyiapseudotsugata (McDunnough)) had heavily defoliated white fir (Abiesconcolor (Gord. and Glend.) Lindl.) and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) to determine the relation between reserve energy and vigor of stressed trees. Starch, a measure of reserve energy, was found to be reduced in the twigs proportional to the estimated defoliation of sapling-sized trees; starch in the bark at breast height of large trees was also reduced with increased defoliation. Twig starch content did not differ for defoliated Douglas-fir and white fir growing on the same site. Defoliation by the tussock moth accelerated the normal seasonal loss of starch in twigs; this finding was confirmed with artificially defoliated seedlings. Additionally, starch in all vegetative parts of trees was reduced as defoliation intensified. Feeding by tussock moth larvae is expected to reduce reserve energy more if egg hatch closely follows bud burst.
Water deficits and root growth of ectomycorrhizal white oak seedlings
Authors: Dixon R. K. , Wright G. M. , Behrns G. T. , Teskey R. O. , Hinckley T. M.
Published: February 2009

White oak (Quercusalba L.) seedlings grown in a silt loam soil inoculated with Pisolithustinctorius (Pers.) Coker and Couch exhibited 80% ectomycorrhizal development after a 6-month establishment period whereas the noninoculated controls exhibited less than 5%.When water was withheld and soil water potential decreased as the soil dried, xylem pressure potential and leaf conductance of both the inoculated and noninoculated seedlings declined gradually. At the peak of the drying cycle, the inoculated seedlings exhibited mean prelight and midlight xylem pressure potential values which were 0.2 MPa and 0.15 MPa, respectively, more negative than the noninoculated seedlings. Although the inoculated seedlings had a mean leaf surface area 1.5 times larger than that of the noninoculated seedlings, there were no significant differences in leaf conductance at the peak of the dehydration cycle. Mean rates of root elongation were greater among the inoculated seedlings during the drying cycle. Following reirrigation of the soil, the inoculated seedlings yielded significantly less negative values of prelight and midlight xylem pressure potential and greater leaf conductance when compared to the noninoculated seedlings.
The pollination mechanism in yellow cypress (Chamaecyparisnootkatensis)
Authors: Owens John N. , Simpson Sheila J. , Molder Marje
Published: February 2009

Mature, dry, one-celled pollen was formed before pollen cones became dormant in the fall. Pollen averaged 27 μm in diameter, was irregular in shape, nonsaccate, and the surface was reticulate to tegillate-baculate and irregularly covered with orbicules. The pollen contained several large lipid droplets and no starch. No changes occurred in pollen during dormancy and pollen was shed at the one- or two-celled stage during the last half of March.All ovules were initiated and became flask shaped before seed-cone dormancy. No changes occurred in ovules during dormancy. Seed cones ended dormancy in early March, enlarged and opened, exposing the ovules. A pollination drop was produced by a breakdown of cells at the tip of the nucellus. A large pollination drop was exuded from each ovule in a cone but exudation did not occur at the same time in all ovules. Each ovule exuded and withdrew a pollination drop two to four times before the pollination drop was permanently withdrawn. Each ovule was receptive for a few days and each cone was receptive for about 1 week. The pollination drops were withdrawn in the presence or absence of pollen but were withdrawn more rapidly after pollen entered the pollination drop. The cuticular surface of the bract-scales prevented wetting of the surface and caused the beading of water droplets, which in turn could carry pollen to the micropyle. Pollen grains entering a pollination drop were withdrawn inside the drop into the micropyle. Cells lining the micropylar canal enlarged and sealed the canal while bract-scales enlarged and buried the ovules within the cone.
SYNCHRONIZATION OF STOCHASTIC DELAYED NEURAL NETWORKS WITH MARKOVIAN SWITCHING AND ITS APPLICATION
Authors: TANG YANG , FANG JIAN-AN , MIAO QING-YING
Published: February 2009

In this paper, the problem of adaptive synchronization for a class of stochastic neural networks (SNNs) which involve both mixed delays and Markovian jumping parameters is investigated. The mixed delays comprise the time-varying delays and distributed delays, both of which are mode-dependent. The stochastic perturbations are described in terms of Browian motion. By the adaptive feedback technique, several sufficient criteria have been proposed to ensure the synchronization of SNNs in mean square. Moreover, the proposed adaptive feedback scheme is applied to the secure communication. Finally, the corresponding simulation results are given to demonstrate the usefulness of the main results obtained.
GLOBAL SYNCHRONIZATION IN AN ARRAY OF DISCRETE-TIME NEURAL NETWORKS WITH NONLINEAR COUPLING AND TIME-VARYING DELAYS
Authors: LIANG JINLING , WANG ZIDONG , LIU XIAOHUI
Published: February 2009

A general model for an array of discrete-time neural networks with hybrid coupling is proposed, which is composed of nonlinear coupling and time-varying delays. The coupling terms are described in terms of Lipchitz-type conditions that reflect more realistic dynamical behaviors of coupled systems in practice. The properties of Kronecker product are employed in order to pursue mathematical simplicity of dynamics analysis. On the basis of Lyapunov stability theory, an effective matrix functional is utilized to establish sufficient conditions under which the considered neural networks are globally synchronized. These conditions, which are dependent on the lower bound and the upper bound of the time-varying time delays, are expressed in terms of several linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), and therefore can be easily verified by utilizing the numerically efficient Matlab LMI toolbox. One illustrative example is given to justify the validity and feasibility of the proposed synchronization scheme.
HADRON PHYSICS AT ELSA
Authors:   FOR THE CBELSA-TAPS COLLABORATION, LANG MICHAEL
Published: February 2009

Excitation of the nucleon at low Q2 and energies up to several GeV reveals clearly measurable structures that indicate the existance of resonances. A major goal of experiments carried out at the accelerator facility ELSA in Bonn/Germany is to explore this resonance structure, which gives valuable input to models describing the QCD structure of the nucleon. Resonance contributions for nuclear reaction channels, such as single pion, two pion and eta production from the experiments can be given using the Bonn-Gatchina partial wave analysis1. The talk at the conference MESON 2008 in Krakow gave an overview of results from experiments at ELSA and plans for the near future.
KAONIC ATOMS AT DAΦNE — THE SIDDHARTA EXPERIMENT
Authors:   FOR THE SIDDHARTA COLLABORATION, ZMESKAL J. , BAZZI M. , BEER G. , BOMBELLI L. , BRAGADIREANU A. M. , BÜHLER P. , CARGNELLI M. , CURCEANU PETRASCU C. , FIORINI C. , GUARALDO C. , HAYANO R. S. , ILIESCU M. , ISHIWATARI T. , IWASAKI M. , KIENLE P. , LONGONI A. , LUCHERINI V. , MARTON J. , NIKOLICS K. , OKADA S. , PIETREANU D. , PONTA T. , VIDAL A. ROMERO , SANDRI P. L. , SCORDO A. , SIRGHI D. L. , SIRGHI F. , SUZUKI K. , TATSUNO H. , DOCE O. VÁZQUEZ , WIDMANN E.
Published: February 2009

With precision X-ray spectroscopy of kaonic hydrogen at the DAΦNE electron-positron collider at Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati the chiral symmetry breaking scenario in the strangeness sector will be investigated by studying the K-p s-wave interaction at threshold. This is possible by observing the strong interaction induced shift and width of the 1s state in kaonic hydrogen atoms. The results of the first measurement at LNF with DEAR (DAΦNE Exotic Atom Research) will be given and the new SIDDHARTA (Silicon Drift Detector for Hadronic Atom Research with Timing Application) project will be described, which is aiming at a substantial improvement of the preceding DEAR result.
STUDY OF RADIATIVE DECAYS AND RELATED ChPT TESTS AT THE NA48/2 EXPERIMENT
Authors:   FOR THE NA48/2 COLLABORATION, VENDITTI STEFANO
Published: February 2009

The latest results from the NA48/2 collaboration on charged kaon decays will be reviewed in this paper. The high statistics available, collected during 2003 and 2004 runs, allows the study of charged kaon decays up to branching ratios (BR) of ~ 10-8. The status of the analyses of several radiative decays ( K ± → π±π0γ, K ± → π±γγ, K ± → π±e+e-γ and K ± → π±e+e-) will be discussed, including BR measurements and possible ChPT tests.
HADRON PHYSICS AT COSY
Authors: KHOUKAZ ALFONS
Published: February 2009

One major focus of the physics studied at the COoler SYnchrotron COSY of the Forschungszentrum Jülich is the production of mesons and hyperons in the hadron-hadron scattering with the aim to investigate relevant production processes, interactions of the participating particles as well as symmetries and symmetry breaking. Due to the excellent experimental conditions at COSY also single- and double-polarization measurements can be performed with high reaction rates. This contribution gives an overview about the physics program which is currently under investigation at the three big COSY installations ANKE, COSY-TOF and WASA-at-COSY.
HADRON PHYSICS WITH THE CRYSTAL BALL AT MAMI
Authors:   FOR THE CRYSTAL BALL AT MAMI COLLABORATION, STAROSTIN ALEKSANDR
Published: February 2009

The physics program of the Crystal Ball spectrometer at MAMI-C began in early 2007. Experiments utilize the upgraded electron accelerator that provides high intensity beams of circularly and linearly polarized real photons with maximum energy of 1.5 GeV. The highly segmented nearly 4π acceptance detection system consists of the Crystal Ball, particle identification detector and versatile endcap TAPS. A wide range of physics topics is under study including the production and decay of η, ω, and η' mesons, the investigation of coherent meson photoproduction on nuclei, measurements of polarization and double polarization observables in meson photoproduction on proton and neutron. The current status of the experiment and some preliminary results are reported.
MEDIUM MODIFICATIONS OF LIGHT VECTOR MESONS IN PHOTOPRODUCTION REACTIONS AT JLAB
Authors:   FOR THE CLAS COLLABORATION, WOOD M. H. , DJALALI C. , NASSERIPOUR R. , WEYGAND D.
Published: February 2009

Theoretical calculations predict the modification of properties of vector mesons, such as a shift in their masses and/or broadening of their widths in dense nuclear matter. These effects can be related to partial restoration of chiral symmetry at high density or temperature. The light vector mesons (ρ, ω, and ϕ) were photo-produced on 2 H , C , Ti , Fe , and Pb targets at the Thomas Jefferson National Laboratory using the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS). The data were taken with a beam of tagged photons with energies up to 4 GeV. The properties of the ρ vector meson at normal nuclear densities and zero temperature,were investigated via their rare leptonic decay to e+e-. This decay channel is preferred over hadronic modes in order to eliminate final state interactions in the nuclear matter. A combinatorial background was subtracted from the invariant mass spectra using a well-established event-mixing technique. The ρ meson mass spectrum was extracted after the ω and ϕ signals were removed in a nearly model-independent way. The rho meson mass distributions were extracted for each of the targets. Comparisons were made between the ρ mass spectra from the heavy targets ( A > 2) with the mass spectrum extracted from the deuterium target. With respect to the ρ-meson mass, we obtain a small shift compatible with zero. Also, we measure widths consistent with standard nuclear many-body effects such as collisional broadening and Fermi motion.

In this experiment, due to the long lifetimes and momenta greater than 0.8 GeV, the ω and ϕ mesons have a high probability of decaying outside the nucleus in their vacuum state. However, their in-medium widths can be accessed through their absorption inside the nucleus. Preliminary results on the ratios of the nuclear transparencies of the ω and ϕ mesons as a function of the number of target nucleons A, have been obtained and indicate a substantial widening in the medium.
MESON AND DI-ELECTRON PRODUCTION WITH HADES
Authors:   HADES COLLABORATION, FRÖHLICH I. , AGAKISHIEV G. , AGODI C. , BALANDA A. , BELLIA G. , BELVER D. , BELYAEV A. , BLANCO A. , BÖHMER M. , BOYARD J. L. , BRAUN-MUNZINGER P. , CABANELAS P. , CASTRO E. , CHERNENKO S. , CHRIST T. , DESTEFANIS M. , DÍAZ J. , DOHRMANN F. , DYBCZAK A. , EBERL T. , FABBIETTI L. , FATEEV O. , FINOCCHIARO P. , FONTE P. , FRIESE J. , GALATYUK T. , GARZÓN J. A. , GERNHÄUSER R. , GIL A. , GILARDI C. , GOLUBEVA M. , GONZÁLEZ-DÍAZ D. , GROSSE E. , GUBER F. , HEILMANN M. , HENNINO T. , HOLZMANN R. , IERUSALIMOV A. , IORI I. , IVASHKIN A. , JURKOVIC M. , KÄMPFER B. , KANAKI K. , KARAVICHEVA T. , KIRSCHNER D. , KOENIG I. , KOENIG W. , KOLB B. W. , KOTTE R. , KOZUCH A. , KRÁSA A. , KRIZEK F. , KRÜCKEN R. , KÜHN W. , KUGLER A. , KUREPIN A. , LAMAS-VALVERDE J. , LANG S. , LANGE J. S. , LAPIDUS K. , LOPES L. , MAIER L. , MANGIAROTTI A. , MARÍN J. , MARKERT J. , METAG V. , MICHALSKA B. , MICHEL J. , MISHRA D. , MORINIÈRE E. , MOUSA J. , MÜNTZ C. , NAUMANN L. , NOVOTNY R. , OTWINOWSKI J. , PACHMAYER Y. C. , PALKA M. , PARPOTTAS Y. , PECHENOV V. , PECHENOVA O. , CAVALCANTI T. PÉREZ , PIETRASZKO J. , PRZYGODA W. , RAMSTEIN B. , RESHETIN A. , ROY-STEPHAN M. , RUSTAMOV A. , SADOVSKY A. , SAILER B. , SALABURA P. , SCHMAH A. , SIMON R. , SOBOLEV YU. G. , SPATARO S. , SPRUCK B. , STRÖBELE H. , STROTH J. , STURM C. , SUDOL M. , TARANTOLA A. , TEILAB K. , TLUSTY P. , TRAXLER M. , TREBACZ R. , TSERTOS H. , VERETENKIN I. , WAGNER V. , WEN H. , WISNIOWSKI M. , WOJCIK T. , WÜSTENFELD J. , YUREVICH S. , ZANEVSKY Y. , ZHOU P. , ZUMBRUCH P.
Published: February 2009

The HADES experiment, installed at GSI, Darmstadt, measures di-electron production in A + A, p/π + N and p/π + A collisions. Here, the π0 and η Dalitz decays have been reconstruced in the exclusive p + p reaction at 2.2 GeV to form a reference cocktail for long-lived di-electron sources. In the C + C reaction at 1 and 2 GeV/u, these long-lived sources have been subtracted from the measured inclusive e+e- yield to exhibit the signal from the early phase of the collision. The results suggest that resonances play an important role in dense nuclear matter.
PRESENT STATUS OF THE DAΦNE UPGRADE AND PERSPECTIVES
Authors:   FOR THE DAΦNE COMMISSIONING GROUP, MILARDI CATIA , Alesini D. , Biagini M. E. , Biscari C. , Boni R. , Boscolo M. , Bossi F. , Buonomo B. , Clozza A. , Delle Monache G. , Demma T. , Di Pasquale E. , Di Pirro G. , Drago A. , Gallo A. , Ghigo A. , Guiducci S. , Ligi C. , Marcellini F. , Mazzitelli G. , Milardi C. , Murtas F. , Pellegrino L. , Preger M. , Quintieri L. , Raimondi P. , Ricci R. , Rotundo U. , Sanelli C. , Serio M. , Sgamma F. , Spataro B. , Stecchi A. , Stella A. , Tomassini S. , Vaccarezza C. , Zobov M. , Koop I. , Levichev E. , Piminov P. , Shatilov D. , Smaluk V. , Bettoni S. , Schioppa M. , Branchini P. , Valente P. , Ohmi K. , Arnaud N. , Breton D. , Roudeau P. , Stocchi A. , Variola A. , Viaud B. F. , Esposito M. , Paoloni E. , Teytelman D.
Published: February 2009

The DAΦNE collider has been recently upgraded in order to implement a new collision scheme based on large Piwinski angle and cancellation of the synchro-betatron resonances by means of electromagnetic sextupoles (Crab-Waist compensation). The novel approach has proved to be effective in improving beam-beam interaction and collider luminosity. The results and the measurements taken during commissioning as well as the perspectives for the SIDDHARTA run are presented and discussed.
BEPCII AND BESIII
Authors:   FOR THE BES COLLABORATION, HARRIS FREDERICK A.
Published: February 2009

The Beijing Electron Collider has been upgraded (BEPCII) to a two-ring collider with a design luminosity of 1 × 1033 cm -2 s -1 at a center-of-mass energy of 3.78 GeV. It will operate between 2 and 4.6 GeV in the center of mass. With this luminosity, the BESIII detector will be able to collect, for example, 10 billion J/ψ events in one year of running. This will be a unique facility in the world opening many physics opportunities. BEPCII and BESIII are both currently being commissioned, first events have been obtained, and data taking will take place in fall 2008.
EXCLUSIVE SCALAR MESON PRODUCTION: FROM HIGH TO INTERMEDIATE ENERGIES
Authors: SZCZUREK ANTONI
Published: February 2009

I discuss exclusive production of the χc(0+) and f0(1500) mesons in pp and [Formula: see text] collisions at high and intermediate energies. QCD diffractive mechanisms as well as some non-diffractive mechanisms are included. Different unintegrated gluon distribution functions (UGDF) are used. Some differential distributions are shown and discussed.
CHARMLESS HADRONIC THREE BODY B DECAYS AT BABAR
Authors:   FOR THE BABAR COLLABORATION, PÉREZ ALEJANDRO
Published: February 2009

We report on recent measurements of branching fractions and CP violation observables of selected charmless hadronic B decays obtained from data collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy collider, operating at the ϒ(4S) resonance.
ISOSPIN DECOMPOSITION OF pp → NNππ CROSS SECTIONS — DO WE SEE A SIGN OF Δ(1600) EXCITATION IN THE nnπ+π+ CHANNEL?
Authors:   FOR THE CELSIUS-WASA COLLABORATION, SKORODKO T. , BASHKANOV M. , BOGOSLOWSKY D. , CALÉN H. , CLEMENT H. , EKSTRÖM C. , FRANSSON K. , GUSTAFSSON L. , HÖISTAD B. , IVANOV G. , JACEWICZ M. , JIGANOV E. , JOHANSSON T. , KELETA S. , KHAKIMOVA O. , KOCH I. , KREN F. , KULLANDER S. , KUPŚĆ A. , KUZNETSOV A. , MARCINIEWSKI P. , MEIER R. , MOROSOV B. , PAULY C. , PETTERSON H. , PETUKHOV Y. , POVTOREJKO A. , RUBER R. J. M. Y. , SCHÖNNING K. , SCOBEL W. , SHWARTZ B. , SOPOV V. , STEPANIAK J. , THÖRNGREN-ENGBLOM P. , TIKHOMIROV V. , TUROWIECKI A. , WAGNER G. J. , WOLKE M. , YAMAMOTO A. , ZABIEROWSKI J. , ZŁOMANĆZUK J.
Published: February 2009

The two-pion production in pp-collisions has been investigated in exclusive measurements from threshold up to Tp = 1.36 GeV . Total and differential cross sections have been obtained for the channels pnπ+π0, ppπ+π-, ppπ0π0 and also nnπ+π+. For intermediate incident energies Tp > 1 GeV , i.e. in the region, which is beyond the Roper excitation but at the onset of ΔΔ excitation the total ppπ0π0 cross section falls behind theoretical predictions by as much as an order of magnitude near 1.2 GeV, whereas the nnπ+π+ cross section is a factor of five larger than predicted. A model-unconstrained isospin decompostion of the cross section points to a significant contribution of an isospin 3/2 resonance other than the Δ(1232). As a possible candidate the Δ(1600) is discussed.
ISOSPIN DEPENDENCE OF THE η' MESON PRODUCTION IN NUCLEON-NUCLEON COLLISIONS
Authors:   FOR THE COSY–11 COLLABORATION, PRZERWA J. , MOSKAL P. , BUDZANOWSKI A. , CZERWIŃSKI E. , CZYŻYKIEWICZ R. , GIL D. , GRZONKA D. , JARCZYK L. , JOHANSSON T. , KAMYS B. , KHOUKAZ A. , KLAJA P. , KRZEMIEŃ W. , OELERT W. , PISKOR-IGNATOWICZ C. , RITMAN J. , REJDYCH B. , SEFZICK T. , SIEMASZKO M. , SILARSKI M. , SMYRSKI J. , TÄSCHNER A. , WOLKE M. , WÜSTNER P. , ZDEBIK J. , ZIELIŃSKI M. J. , ZIPPER W.
Published: February 2009

A comparison of the close–to–threshold total cross section for the η' production in pp → ppη' and pn → pnη' reactions constitutes a tool to investigate the η' meson structure and the reaction mechanism in the channels of isospin I = 0 and I = 1 and may provide insight into the flavour-singlet (perhaps also into gluonium) content of the η' meson.

In this contribution we present preliminary results of measurement of the quasi-free production of the η' meson in the proton-neutron collisions conducted using the COSY-11 facility.
A NEW MEASUREMENT OF BEAM ASYMMETRY IN PION PHOTOPRODUCTION FROM THE NEUTRON USING CLAS
Authors:   AND THE CLAS COLLABORATION, SOKHAN D. , WATTS D. , BRANFORD D. , KLEIN F.
Published: February 2009

We present a preliminary analysis of the photon beam asymmetry observable (Σ) from the photoproduction reaction channel γn → π-p. This new data was obtained using the near-4π CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) at Jefferson Laboratory, USA, employing a linearly polarised photon beam with an energy range 1.1 - 2.3 GeV. The measurement will provide new data to address the poorly established neutron excitation spectrum and will greatly expand the sparse world data-set both in energy and angle.
CHIRAL EFFECTIVE POTENTIAL WITH DELTA DEGREES OF FREEDOM
Authors: KREBS H. , EPELBAUM E. , MEIßNER ULF-G.
Published: February 2009

Using chiral effective field theory (EFT) with explicit Δ degrees of freedom we calculated nuclear forces up to next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO). We found much better convergence of the chiral expansion in all peripheral partial waves. We also observe strong cancellations between charge-symmetry-breaking (CSB) contributions due to nucleon- and Δ-mass splittings in the two-pion-exchange potentials. The CSB potentials appear to be weaker in the Δ-full theory.
HADRON PHYSICS WITH DIPROTON FINAL STATES AT ANKE-COSY
Authors:   FOR THE ANKE COLLABORATION, DYMOV SERGEY
Published: February 2009

The possibility to select reliably the diproton final state with small excitation energy with the ANKE spectrometer at COSY-Juelich provides a new tool to study hadron interactions at intermediate energies. In this case the final proton pairs are found presumably in the 1S0 state which simplifies significantly the theoretical analysis. This approach has been successfully applied to the reactions pd → {pp}sn at high and low momentum transfer kinematics, as well as to the pp → {pp}sπ0 and pp → {pp}sγ processes.
PIONIC FUSION AT SUBTHRESHOLD ENERGIES
Authors: JOULAEIZADEH L. , BACELAR J. , ESLAMI-KALANTARI M. , GAŠPARIĆ I. , KALANTAR-NAYESTANAKI N. , LÖHNER H. , MARDANPOUR H. , MESSCHENDORP J. G. , MOEINI H. , RAMAZANI-MOGHADDAM-ARANI A. , SHENDE S. V. , STEPHAN E.
Published: February 2009

In order to study the role of pions and clustering phenomena in nuclei, two experiments have been performed using the AGOR accelerator facility. In collisions of two nuclei a pion and a fused nucleus were produced. The examined reactions were 4He(3He, π0)7Be and 6Li(4He, π0)10B at beam energies about 10 MeV above the coherent pion production threshold (256 MeV and 236.4 MeV, respectively). Since the available energy is well below the pion production threshold in an elementary nucleon-nucleon process, a highly coherent mechanism is needed. We identified the reaction by measuring the fused system in the magnetic spectrometer and the produced neutral pions in the Plastic Ball detection system with large acceptance. Our experimental setup provided the exclusive cross sections by identifying all products in overdetermined kinematics. Here we present the preliminary results of the analysis for the second reaction. Angular distribution of neutral pions will be discussed.
EXCLUSIVE PHOTOPRODUCTION OF ϒ: FROM HERA TO TEVATRON
Authors: RYBARSKA ANNA , SCHÄFER WOLFGANG , SZCZUREK ANTONI
Published: February 2009

The amplitude for photoproduction γp → ϒp is calculated in a pQCD k⊥-factorization approach. The total cross section for diffractive ϒ s is compared to recent HERA data. The amplitude is used to predict the cross section for exclusive [Formula: see text] proces in hadronic reactions at Tevatron energies. We also included absorption effects.
THE pp → dπ+π0 REACTION — A CASE OF ΔΔ EXCITATION WITHOUT ABC-EFFECT
Authors:   THE CELSIUS-WASA COLLABORATION, KREN F. , BASHKANOV M. , BOGOSLOWSKY D. , CALÉN H. , CLEMENT H. , EKSTRÖM C. , FRANSSON K. , GUSTAFSSON L. , HÖISTAD B. , IVANOV G. , JACEWICZ M. , JIGANOV E. , JOHANSSON T. , KELETA S. , KHAKIMOVA O. , KOCH I. , KULLANDER S. , KUPŚĆ A. , KUZNETSOV A. , MARCINIEWSKI P. , MEIER R. , MOROSOV B. , PAULY C. , PETTERSON H. , PETUKHOV Y. , POVTOREJKO A. , RUBER R. J. M. Y. , SCHÖNNING K. , SCOBEL W. , SHWARTZ B. , SKORODKO T. , SOPOV V. , STEPANIAK J. , TEGNER P.-E. , THÖRNGREN-ENGBLOM P. , TIKHOMIROV V. , TUROWIECKI A. , WAGNER G. J. , WOLKE M. , YAMAMOTO A. , ZABIEROWSKI J. , ZŁOMANĆZUK J.
Published: February 2009

The ABC effect, a low-mass enhancement in the invariant ππ mass, is observed in double-pionic fusion reactions leading to a bound nuclear system in the final state. From previous measurements there have been indications that this phenomenon is resctricted to the σ channel of the ππ system. With exclusive measurements of the pp → dπ+π0 reaction at Tp = 1.1 GeV we demonstrate that, indeed, the ABC effect does not occur in the vector-isovector ππ channel (ρ channel) despite the fact that the ΔΔ excitation is oberved to be the dominant reaction process. We also show that this reaction is well described by a t -channel ΔΔ excitation with the subsequent decay into the vector-isovector ππ channel given by the ρ channel operator.
PHENOMENOLOGICAL $\bar KN$ INTERACTION WITH ISOSPIN-BREAKING EFFECTS AND $\bar KNN$ SYSTEM
Authors: SHEVCHENKO N. , RÉVAI J.
Published: February 2009

New isospin mixing [Formula: see text] potential directly reproducing 1s level shift of kaonic hydrogen atom and other experimental data was constructed. Two forms of the potential reproducing one- and two-pole structure of Λ(1405) resonance were used. Accurate K-p scattering length was calculated using the obtained potentials.
SEARCH FOR THE 3He - η BOUND STATE AT COSY-11
Authors:   FOR THE COSY-11 COLLABORATION, KRZEMIEŃ W. , SMYRSKI J. , BUDZANOWSKI A. , CZERWIŃSKI E. , CZYŻYKIEWICZ R. , GIL D. , GRZONKA D. , JARCZYK L. , KAMYS B. , KHOUKAZ A. , KLAJA P. , MOSKAL P. , OELERT W. , PRZERWA J. , RITMAN J. , SEFZICK T. , SIEMASZKO M. , SILARSKI M. , TÄSCHNER A. , WOLKE M. , WÜSTNER P. , ZDEBIK J. , ZIELIŃSKI M. J. , ZIPPER W.
Published: February 2009

We have measured excitation function for dp → pppπ- reaction near the η production threshold. We observe an enhancement of the counting rate above the threshold which can originate from the production of the η meson in the reaction dp → 3 He η and its subsequent absorption on neutron in the 3He nucleus leading to creation of the pπ- pair.
S-WAVE MESON SCATTERING UP TO 2 GeV AND ITS SPECTROSCOPY
Authors: ALBALADEJO M. , OLLER J. A. , PIQUERAS C.
Published: February 2009

We report here on recent advances that shed light on the topic of scalar meson sector, which is controversial up to date. We study the scattering and spectroscopy of the strongly interacting mesons in coupled channels with quantum numbers JPC = 0++ and I = 0 and I = 1/2, up to a center of mass energy [Formula: see text]. Our framework is based on Unitary Chiral Perturbation Theory, but extended now to include many more channels. The resonant content of our fits is discussed, with the appearence of σ, f0(980), f0(1310), f0(1500), f0(1710) and f0(1790) for I = 0 and the κ and the [Formula: see text] for I = 1/2.
SPECTROSCOPIC IMPLICATIONS FROM THE ANALYSIS OF PROCESSES ππ → ππ, $K\overline K$, ηη, ηη'
Authors: SUROVTSEV YU. S. , BYDŽOVSKÝ P. , KAMIŃSKI R. , NAGY M.
Published: February 2009

In the analysis a status and parameters of the scalar, vector, and tensor mesonic resonances are obtained and compared with other results. Possible classification of the resonance states in terms of the SU (3) multiplets is discussed.
KAONIC CLUSTERS AT DAFNE: THE AMADEUS EXPERIMENT
Authors:   FOR THE AMADEUS COLLABORATION, DOCE OTON VAZQUEZ
Published: February 2009

The AMADEUS experiment will perform the first complete experimental study of the case of the so-called Deeply Bound Kaonic Nuclear States or simply Kaonic Clusters. Such a study has deep consequences in a still open sector of the strangeness hadronic/nuclear physics: how the hadron masses and hadron interactions change in the nuclear medium with consequences on the structure of cold dense hadronic matter. AMADEUS will perform exclusive - full acceptance - measurements, all particles in the formation and decay processes will be detected.
FIRST RESULTS WITH THE RISING ACTIVE STOPPER
Authors: REGAN P. H. , ALKHOMASHI N. , AL-DAHAN N. , PODOLYÁK Zs. , PIETRI S. B. , STEER S. J. , GARNSWORTHY A. B. , SUCKLING E. B. , STEVENSON P. D. , FARRELLY G. , CULLEN I. J. , GELLETLY W. , WALKER P. M. , BENLLIURE J. , MORALES A. I. , CASAJEROS E. , ESTEVEZ M. E. , GERL J. , GÓRSKA M. , WOLLERSHEIM H. J. , BOUTACHKOV P. , TASHENOV S. , KOJOUHAROV I. , SCHAFFNER H. , KURZ N. , KUMAR R. , RUBIO B. , ALGORA A. , MOLINA F. , GREBOSZ J. , BENZONI G. , MÜCHER D. , BRUCE A. M. , BACELAR A. M. DENIS , LALKOVSKI S. , FUJITA Y. , TAMII A. , HOISCHEN R. , LIU Z. , WOODS P. J. , MIHAI C. , VALIENTE-DOBÓN J. J.
Published: February 2009

This paper outlines some of the physics opportunities available with the GSI RISING active stopper and presents preliminary results from an experiment aimed at performing beta-delayed gamma-ray spectroscopic studies in heavy-neutron-rich nuclei produced following the projectile fragmentation of a 1 GeV per nucleon 208 Pb primary beam. The energy response of the silicon active stopping detector for both heavy secondary fragments and beta-particles is demonstrated and preliminary results on the decays of neutron-rich Tantalum ( Ta ) to Tungsten ( W ) isotopes are presented as examples of the potential of this technique to allow new structural studies in hitherto experimentally unreachable heavy, neutron-rich nuclei. The resulting spectral information inferred from excited states in the tungsten daughter nuclei are compared with results from axially symmetric Hartree–Fock calculations of the nuclear shape and suggest a change in ground state structure for the N = 116 isotone 190 W compared to the lighter isotopes of this element.
GROUND-STATE AND ALPHA-DECAY PROPERTIES OF EVEN Hs ISOTOPES
Authors: MA L. , ZHANG H. F. , ZHOU X. H. , GAN Z. G. , LI J. Q. , SCHEID W.
Published: February 2009

The ground state properties of Hs nuclei were studied to give an overview to the isotope chain. It is seen that more stable isotopes are located on the proton abundant side of the chain. The last stable nucleus to the proton drip line is 256 Hs . The most stable unknown Hs nucleus may be 268 Hs . The proton Fermi surfaces of Hs nuclei are close to zero, the conventional BCS treatment with constant pairing interaction can excite protons to the continuum, and causes the failure for pairing correction. The density dependent delta interaction results in more reasonable single-particle energy level distributions and nucleon occupation. Therefore it has improved the BCS treatment, and is available to describe the properties of nuclei in the superheavy region.
STUDY OF THE K-MIXING EFFECT THROUGH ANGULAR MOMENTUM PROJECTION
Authors: OI MAKITO
Published: February 2009

The K-mixing effect is investigated for triaxial deformation through the angular momentum projection technique. The mathematical nature of the norm overlap kernels is discussed in terms of the Fourier analysis. A relation between the signature symmetry and the K quantum number is discussed. A non-cranked Hartree-Fock state is shown to be a K=0 dominating state. The spread of the K distribution happens in a symmetrical manner and the K-mixing is enhanced as triaxial deformation is enlarged. On the contrary, the J=0 component is contained only slightly against a naive expectation.
SD-PAIR SHELL MODEL FOR EVEN-EVEN SYSTEMS
Authors: LUO YAN-AN , PAN FENG , DRAAYER JERRY P. , NING PING-ZHI
Published: February 2009

A nucleon-pair shell model was proposed in 1993 by J. Q. Chen. Due to the success of the interacting boson model, the full shell model space in the nucleon-pair shell model was truncated to SD-pair subspace, called SD -pair shell model. Within this model, the experimental spectra in medium-weight and heavy nuclei, limiting cases in the interacting boson model, phase transitions, etc. can be reproduced approximately.
EQUATION OF STATE AND SINGLE-PARTICLE PROPERTIES OF NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEAR MATTER
Authors: ZUO WEI
Published: February 2009

We report our research work on the equation of state (EOS) and single-particle (s.p.) properties of neutron-rich nuclear matter within the framework of the Brueckner–Bethe–Goldstone approach extended to include a microscopic three-body force (TBF). We show that inclusion of the TBF provide a largely improvement of the predicted nuclear matter saturation properties and leads to a strongly stiffening of the density dependence of symmetry energy at high densities. The neutron effective mass turns out to be greater than the proton one in neutron-rich nuclear matter in both cases of including and not including the TBF. The TBF induces a strongly repulsive rearrangement contribution to nucleon s.p. potential at high densities and large momenta. The TBF rearrangement contribution reduces considerably the attraction of the neutron and proton s.p. potentials and enhances strongly their momentum-dependence at high densities and high momenta. The TBF effect on nucleon superfluidity in neutron star matter has also been discussed.
PREPONDERANCE OF GROUND STATES WITH POSITIVE PARITY
Authors: PAPENBROCK THOMAS , WEIDENMÜLLER HANS A.
Published: February 2009

We investigate analytically and numerically a random-matrix model for m fermions occupying ℓ1 single-particle states with positive parity and ℓ2 single-particle states with negative parity and interacting through random two-body forces that conserve parity. The single-particle states are completely degenerate and carry no further quantum numbers. We compare spectra of many-body states with positive and with negative parity. We show that in the dilute limit defined by 1 « m « ℓ1, ℓ2, ground states with positive and with negative parity occur with equal probability. Differences in the ground-state probabilities are, thus, a finite-size effect and are mainly due to different dimensions of the Hilbert spaces of either parity.