bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sharp Cone-Broad Cone-Disk: Analytical Solutions in the Tunnel Mathematics Space to the Steady Navier-Stokes Equations in the Area of Boundary Layer for Incompressible Symmetric Flows Entrained by these Rotating Bodies
Authors: Oleh G. Shvydkyi
Published: November 2024

More than 150 years of history of efforts to solve the Navier-Stokes equation have clearly shown that, applying standard mathematical tools, it is possible to do this in only a small number of simple cases. Therefore, to solve such equations, we can try non-standard methods of mathematical modeling. In this case, the emphasis should be placed not on the mathematical accuracy of the proposed solutions, but on their correspondence to experimental data or solutions to the Navier-Stokes equations obtained by numerical methods. We believe that tunnel mathematics is such a method of mathematical modeling. Main theorem of tunnel mathematics allows us to reduce a system of the steady Navier-Stokes equations to simple ordinary differential equations that give solutions in planes parallel to the basic xy plane. Collecting such solutions, we finally obtain full 3D solution of a system of the steady Navier-Stokes equations. Approximate solutions for a system Sharp cone—Broad cone—Disk in the area of boundary layer can be obtained without use of specific software (including case of turbulent motion of fluid). We get solution for a rotating disk as a limit transition for a broad cone. If such solution will be similar with famous Karman`s solution for a rotating disk (we mean laminar flows), then we could conclude that our theory is successive.
The Role of Gravitational Waves in Understanding the Cosmic Evolution and The Underlying Physics of The Universe
Authors: Antarip Kataki
Published: November 2024

The field of gravitational wave research has rapidly evolved since the first successful detection in 2015, marking the beginning of a new era in astrophysics. This paper reviews the current state of gravitational wave detection and explores the future directions that promise to advance our understanding of the universe. We discuss the advancements and limitations of current ground- based observatories, such as LIGO and Virgo, as well as the pivotal role of upcoming third- generation detectors like the Einstein Telescope and space-based missions like LISA. Key areas of development are identified, including improvements in, cryogenic technologies, extended frequency coverage, and integration with multi-messenger astronomy. The paper also highlights innovative approaches, such as machine learning for real-time signal processing and the potential of atom interferometry for novel detection methods. this paper aims to provide insights into how the next generation of gravitational wave research will unravel new astrophysical phenomena and test the boundaries of general relativity, ultimately deepening our understanding of the cosmos.
The Role of Micro Propulsion in Enabling Autonomous Operations of Nanosatellites
Authors: Kishan Davda  , Kushal Patel  , Ramesh Kumar V
Published: November 2024

Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS)-based propulsion devices have significant potential for providing high specific power. The application of Micro Power Generation technology to space propulsion systems can enhance orbit and station-keeping capabilities, potentially at lower costs. New-generation spacecraft and satellites are becoming smaller and require micro-propulsion systems for all aspects of their operations. The development of micro-propulsion systems with associated combustors for micro-electricity generation, utilizing liquid fuel, presents major challenges in fuel injection, mixing, combustion, and chemical reactor systems. A micro-spacecraft with high-accuracy station-keeping and attitude control capabilities needs to have low mass and deliver small impulses. Each nanosatellite will weigh a maximum of 10 kg, including the propellant mass. Provisions for orbital manoeuvres, attitude control, multiple sensors, and instruments, along with full autonomy, will result in a highly capable miniaturized satellite. All onboard electronics will endure a total radiation dose of 100 k rads over a two-year mission lifetime. Nanosatellites designed for in-situ measurements will be spin-stabilized and equipped with a complement of particles and fields instruments. Nanosatellites intended for remote measurements will be three-axis stabilized and equipped with imaging and radio wave instruments. Key technologies under development include: advanced, miniaturized chemical propulsion systems; miniaturized sensors; highly integrated, compact electronics; autonomous onboard and ground operations; miniaturized onboard orbit determination methods; onboard RF communications capable of transmitting data to Earth from significant distances; lightweight and efficient solar array panels; lightweight, high-output battery cells; a miniaturized heat transport system; lightweight yet strong composite materials for nano-satellite and deployer-ship structures; and simple, reusable ground systems.
Advanced Space Missions: DART, CLEARSPACE-1, and Mars Colonization Technologies
Authors: Surwase Pradyumna Ranganath
Published: November 2024

This commentary explores several advanced space missions, including NASA's Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission, the CLEARSPACE-1 mission for space debris removal, and cutting-edge technologies for Mars colonization. It discusses preparatory procedures for advanced space missions, mission designs, trajectories, and innovative technologies that will be employed in future space endeavours.
The Role of Physical Fitness in Adolescent Mental Health
Authors: Muniyappa Rakesh T M
Published: November 2024

The relationship between physical fitness and mental health, especially in adolescents, has garnered significant attention in recent years. Adolescence is a critical period of psychological development, marked by physical, emotional, and social changes, which can increase vulnerability to mental health challenges. This paper explores the role of physical fitness in supporting mental well-being in adolescents. Regular physical activity has been shown to improve mood, reduce stress, and alleviate symptoms of anxiety and depression, while also enhancing cognitive function and self-esteem. The mechanisms through which exercise influences mental health, including the release of endorphins, improved sleep patterns, and increased social interaction, are examined. Additionally, the paper discusses the implications of a sedentary lifestyle on adolescent mental health, emphasizing the importance of incorporating physical activity into daily routines. Finally, recommendations for fostering physical fitness programs within schools and communities are provided to promote better mental health outcomes for young individuals.
Low-Cost Arduino-Based Counter System
Authors: Priyanka Dutta  , Sudip Kr.Bid  , Sujan Banerjee  , Satyajit De  , Suman Pramanik
Published: November 2024

A useful tool for counting the number of persons entering or exiting a room is an automated counter system.The goal of this research is to present a novel approach that can count people automatically. With the aid of ATmega328P internal code, it intelligently determines and counts the number of individuals. The number of obstacles that pass in front of the IR sensor in a single direction is counted in this project. A 16x2 LCD display module shows the count number or the total counts value. The module consists of an IR LED emitter and an IR photodiode detector. In this project, we are utilizing an active infrared sensor. It produces a high output when it detects an object inside its detection range, and a low output otherwise. Rotating the built-in trim pot will also change the sensor's range. When something moves in front of it, the count starts at zero and increases by one.
Vrishchika Damsa WSR Scorpion Sting: A Review
Authors: Namdeo Ashish , Dr. Prafulla
Published: November 2024

There are tremendous health hazards associated with scorpion stings, especially in tropical and subtropical areas. In Ayurvedic medicine, the adverse impacts of scorpion stings are referred to as Vrishchika Damsa, and classical literature constantly recognize this illness as one that needs to be treated right away. The objective of the article is to provide a general overview of scorpion envenomation, emphasizing the relevance to the system of Ayurvedic medicine, namely Vrishchika Damsa to modern clinical treatment. In order to deal with scorpion stings, this article addresses the etiology, clinical symptoms, traditional Ayurvedic interpretation, and contemporary therapeutic techniques. It also contrasts the treatment ideologies of Ayurveda and conventional medicine and highlights areas that require additional investigation.
La Gestión Directiva en las Escuelas Telesecundarias de Tabasco
Authors: Morales Avalos Jorge Alberto , Aquino Zúñiga Silvia Patricia
Published: November 2024

El presente articulo presenta una visión sobre la administración y la administración educativa, destacando su importancia como base fundamental para una gestión eficiente en las organizaciones, especialmente en el ámbito educativo. Se exploran diversas perspectivas teóricas que definen la administración, desde su consideración como ciencia social hasta su entendimiento como un arte de dirigir y organizar personas para alcanzar objetivos. La metodología del estudio se basa en un enfoque cualitativo descriptivo exploratorio, que permite identificar las categorías de prácticas de gestión escolar de los directores del subsistema de telesecundarias en el contexto mexicano. Para la recolección de datos, se utilizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas, que permitieron explorar en profundidad las experiencias de 13 directores del subsistema de Telesecundarias, fue posible identificar 6 Redes Conceptuales o networks que dan evidencia de las actividades que realizan los directores de telesecundarias cotidianamente, las cuales están enfocadas con: Gestión directiva, Mejora escolar, Organización escolar, desafíos educativos, desarrollo profesional y Convivencia Las entrevistas fueron analizadas mediante el software Atlas Ti versión 24 para crear redes semánticas que visualizan las conexiones entre conceptos, facilitando la interpretación y comunicación de los hallazgos del estudio, los cuáles permiten concluir que: para lograr resultados académicos altos; para introducir y llevar a cabo innovaciones educativas; para tener centros educativos exitosos; desarrollar todas las acciones enfocadas a impulsar los aprendizajes de los jóvenes, la gestión y el liderazgo son fundamentales para lograrlo.
Los Imaginarios Urbanos y el Espacio Público del Área Central de la Ciudad De Huancayo
Authors: Casas Vásquez María Cristina , Concha Flores Adolfo Gustavo
Published: November 2024

Esta investigación explora, describe y relaciona el imaginario urbano del poblador huancaíno y el espacio público del centro de la ciudad de Huancayo, rastreando múltiples “capas de sentido” que configuran la experiencia urbana. Orientada a ser una investigación de tipo correlacional, que tiene como objetivo determinar la relación del imaginario urbano del ciudadano huancaíno con el espacio público del área central de la ciudad; a partir de la hipótesis: la relación del imaginario urbano del ciudadano huancaíno con el espacio público del área central de la ciudad de Huancayo es significativa. Para lo cual se analizó cuatro espacios públicos representativos del centro, de características propias; que permitieron determinar la función de una parte significativa de la ciudad, aquella que sostiene el mayor movimiento, donde se sitúan equipamientos importantes y desarrollan diversas actividades, vinculadas con la administración pública, política, financiera, cultural y religiosa. Para la aproximación al objeto de estudio se recurrió a metodologías cuantitativas y cualitativas, a través de técnicas como la encuesta y la observación. La investigación arrojó como resultado un nivel de significancia de 0.00, es decir que existe una relación significativa entre el imaginario urbano del ciudadano huancaíno y el espacio público del área central de la ciudad Huancayo. En conclusión, la dimensión física y la dimensión simbólica de manera asociada, significan y dan sentido a las distintas prácticas cotidianas en el acto de habitar el espacio público, generando representaciones, comportamientos y experiencias particulares de vivir en él.
Towards Sustainable Future: A Review of Emerging Technologies in Controlled Environment Agriculture
Authors: Srimal Woshan , Siraj Mohammed , Anjum Rehana , R Ahmed Muhammad
Published: November 2024

The increasing global population and the rising demand for food and water are critically
challenged by the shrinking amount of arable land caused by urbanization. A paradigm shift
towards innovative agricultural practices becomes vital for solving these issues. These practices must boost production and make optimal use of limited land resources. In the literature,
researchers have proposed Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA) as one of the promising solutions to this complex problem. CEA is a method of farming fruits, vegetables, herbs,
and other plants in controlled environments. In these environments, plant growth factors
such as water, temperature, humidity, light intensity, ventilation, CO2, O2, nutrients, etc., are
precisely regulated to optimize yield. While CEA methods offer significant advantages in
productivity, they face challenges such as operational complexity and high energy consumption, which limit their scalability. To address these issues, researchers are increasingly integrating technologies like Internet of Things (IoT), Machine Learning (ML), Deep Learning
(DL), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Blockchain to enhance CEA efficiency and productivity. This review article examines recent advancements in CEA, emphasizing the role of these
technologies in optimizing agricultural processes, reducing environmental impact, and advancing global food security. Finally, this paper explores limitations in current research and
discusses emerging trends that could shape the future of CEA.
Impact of E-Governance in a Developing Country: The Case of E-Mutation in Bangladesh
Authors: Bukth Tanisha , Khan Rezwanul Huque
Published: November 2024

Like other developing countries, the government of Bangladesh has, in the past two decades, prioritized the adoption of e-governance reforms. While studies have widely examined the impact of e-governance, most have captured only the end-users’ perspective and employed limited criteria that do not encapsulate the full impact of such reforms. Hence, drawing on a notable e-governance initiative by the Government of Bangladesh - e-mutation, this paper aims to perform a holistic assessment of the impact of e-governance by employing a framework that incorporates multiple criteria for both end-users and service providers. Given the lack of research on service providers and the abundance of research on end-users, exploratory sequential mixed method, and quantitative method were chosen respectively for impact assessment. Findings indicate that e-mutation (as such e-governance) has been highly effective in enhancing quality of service and facilitating process improvements, while significantly reducing the scope for corruption. However, the initiative has achieved little success in improving end-users' experience where interaction with service providers is concerned. It has also failed to promote interoperability among the governmental organs responsible for land administration. The study, therefore, highlights that policymakers in developing countries should prioritize integration at the design stage and behavioral training at the development stage when considering e-governance reforms. It also makes a theoretical contribution by proposing the inclusion of interoperability in impact assessment frameworks for developing countries, since failure to achieve the same is attributable to the weak institutional context of such countries.
Struggles And Expectations: A Qualitative Study on The Impact of Covid-19 On Female Healthcare Workers in Malaysia
Authors: Hadi Noor Melissa Nor , Udang Lester Naces , Shoesmith Wendy Diana , Koh Eugene Boon Yau , Thong Vie Cheong , Pang Nicholas Tze Ping , Wider Walton
Published: November 2024

The article presents findings from a qualitative study that delves into the challenges faced by female healthcare workers in Malaysia amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Through thematic analysis, key themes such as fear of infection, resource constraints, stress from various sources, and the impact of COVID-19 protocols and new norms emerged. These challenges are exacerbated by the multiple roles that women juggle, emphasizing the need for comprehensive policies to address their unique needs and ensure their well-being and productivity. Despite potential biases in data collection, the study offers valuable insights into the experiences of female healthcare workers during the pandemic. Understanding these challenges is crucial for providing support and interventions to prevent mental health issues. Implementing family-friendly policies, bolstering support systems, and fostering a culture of empathy can help alleviate the burdens faced by women in the healthcare workforce. Addressing work-related health issues not only benefits individual employees but also enhances productivity and economic growth. It is essential for policymakers, healthcare administrators, and organizational leaders to prioritize the well-being of female staff members and create inclusive workplaces that cater to their diverse needs. By taking proactive measures, we can build a more equitable and sustainable healthcare workforce that thrives even in challenging times like the COVID-19 pandemic.
"Reality of the Quality of Social Service in Hospitals and Health Care Centers in Riyadh Region in Light of Kingdom’s Vision (2030) from the Point of View of Pharmacists: A theoretical Study"
Authors: Alsofyani Deemah Ameen , Abutaleb Reham Ali , Alturki Raed Ibrahim , Mahzari Ahmad Mohammed Ahmad , Amer Rayan Mohammed , Alanazi Yunus Mohammed , Alanazi Suliman Eid , AlRibi Ibrahim Rubayh , Alanazi Abdullatif Muteb Mayouf , Alanazi Abdullah Hulayyil
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to identify the reality of social service performed by social workers in hospitals and health care centers from the point of view of pharmacists in Light of Kingdom’s Vision (2030), and also aimed to examine the ways in which social workers and other health care providers collaborate in Saudi medical environments, stressing the value of multidisciplinary teamwork in patient care, to achieve the aim of the study, a descriptive approach was used to identify the point of view of pharmacists working in health care centers and hospitals towards the roles and responsibilities of social workers in health care centers and hospitals, where the literature in this field was reviewed. The study results revealed that the social medical service in the hospitals and medical centers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is being greatly interested in the officers; the study results revealed that the development of the quality of social service introduced in the hospital and health center matches the Kingdom vision 2030 which is clearly interested in developing the health sector to improve the quality of health services including both preventive and treatment parts.
Exploration of Obligations and Rights of the Positive and Negative Requirements for obtaining the Protection of a Colombian Designation of Origin for the coastal cheese of the Colombian Caribbean
Authors: Cohen-Rodriguez Yarlemis L. , Causado-Rodriguez Edwin
Published: November 2024

The objective of this article is to explore the possible obstacles, posed as challenges, that could arise for those who pursue the rights of protection of a designation of origin for coastal cheese made in the Colombian Caribbean Region. A review of the applicable legal framework is carried out, delving into the positive and negative criteria derived from what is enshrined in Andean Decision 486 of 2000, applied to a hypothetical request for protection that takes into account the real situation of coastal cheese producers. in this area of the country. From this, certain suggestions are proposed aimed at satisfying the positive requirements and avoiding the negative requirements, so that the intended protection can be achieved.
PENGARUH RASIO PROFITABILITAS DALAM ANALISIS KOMPARATIF KINERJA KEUANGAN PT. PLN (PERSERO) BERDASARKAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN PERIODE 2020-2023
Authors: Ola Marliana Purba  , Eva Sriwiyanti Sinaga
Published: November 2024

The company quantitative achievements can be seen from its financial performance which reflects the company’s ability to manage resources effectively and efficiently. Financial performance can be measured using financial rations. Companies or organizations usually prepare financial reports to provide information about financial performance to stakeholders such as owners, investors, employees, creditors and other related parties. This research aims to assess the financial performance of PT PLN Persero to examine financial performance in the period 2020-2023. This research method uses descriptive methods. This research uses data collected from financial reports for the period 2020-2023. Financial reports can be used to collect this data, which can be obtained from the official website of PT PLN Persero. Te main focus of this research is on profitability rations. The results of the analysis sow good financial performance. Profitability can be assessed using the following methods : Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), Net Profit Margin (NPM), and Gross Profit Margin (GPM).
Heidegger'in Düşüncesiyle Sanat Eserini Anlamak
Authors: Cora Aytuna
Published: November 2024

Sanat eseri, kendisini taşıyan malzeme ile maddi bir bütünlük içinde yer alır. Var olan diğer nesnelerle fiziksel olarak ortak özelliklere sahiptir. Ancak eser, malzemeyle olan ilişkisi ve üretim yöntemi itibariyle onlardan ayrılır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, bu ayrımın nasıl gerçekleştiğini tartışmak ve eserin, diğer var olanlar içinde nasıl konumlandığı hususunu incelemektir. Bunun için, Heidegger’in sanat hakkındaki görüşleri merkez alınmıştır. çünkü Heidegger, sanat eserini, onu nesneye indirgeyen her türlü tanımlamanın dışında ele alır. Heidegger’e göre sanat eseri, varlıkla ve hakikatle olan bağlantısı üzerinden incelenmeli-dir. Ancak bu sayede sanat eserinin bir eser olarak ne anlama geldiği anlaşılabilir.
BESTESİ VE ARANJESİ ONNO TUNÇ’A AİT OLAN ESERLER VE POPÜLER TÜRK MÜZİĞİNE YANSIMALARI
Authors: Okcu Semih , Dicleli Vildan
Published: November 2024

Onno Tunç, melodik çeşitliliği, yenilikçi armonik yapıları ve derin duygusal ifade gücüyle Türk pop müziğinde önemli izler bırakmıştır. Bu bağlamda, çalışmanın amacı Tunç'un müzikal mirası ve eserlerinin Türk pop müziğine katkılarını analiz etmektir. Çalışmada Tunç’un eserlerinin üretim süreçleri, müzikal özellikleri ve bu eserlerin Türk pop müziği üzerindeki yansımaları ele alınmaktadır. Tunç’un eserleri, Türk pop müziğinin evriminde önemli bir rol oynamış ve birçok sanatçının kariyerinde belirleyici olmuştur.

Bu çalışmada, Onno Tunç’un imzasını taşıyan şarkıların diskografisi yeniden düzenlenmiş, rastgele örneklem yöntemiyle seçilen şarkılarının makam analizleri yapılarak bu çerçevede Türk pop müziğine olan katkıları aktarılmıştır. Araştırma, Onno Tunç’un müziğe kattığı yenilikler ve derinlikleri net bir şekilde ortaya koyarak, döneminin müzik anlayışı ve endüstrisini daha iyi anlamamıza yardımcı olması açısından da öneme sahiptir. Onno Tunç’un, kendi dönemi itibarıyla döneminin müzik endüstrisi ve kültürüne hizmet etmiş olduğu, eserlerini bu doğrultuda meydana getirmiş olduğu ve yansıttığı makamsal unsurların günümüz pop müziğinde de halen devam ettiği görülmektedir.
Good News in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Suspected Lung Malignancy: Unicentric Castleman Disease
Authors: Ağar Mehmet , Gülçek İlham , Kalkan Muhammed , Ulutaş Hakkı , Çelik Muhammet Reha
Published: November 2024

Castleman disease (CD), also known as angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia, is a heterogeneous lymphoproliferative disorder. These lesions can be mistaken for malignancy in terms of size and imaging characteristics, necessitating their excision. In this report, we present cases of CD that mimicked lung malignancy, underscoring the need to consider CD in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with suspected lung cancer. This study was retrospectively designed. It included six patients who underwent surgery due to suspected lung malignancy and were subsequently diagnosed with Unicentric Castleman Disease (UCD). Of the six patients, four were male and two were female, with a mean age of 36.5 years (range: 27-50 years). Half of the patients were lifelong non-smokers. Comorbid conditions were identified in three patients, while the remaining three were asymptomatic and had no comorbidities. Histopathological examination revealed hyaline vascular type in three patients, plasma cell type in one patient, and mixed type UCD in one patient. All patients are currently alive and have not required any additional treatment.
UCD represents a rare lymphoproliferative disease with diverse clinical manifestations. Surgical intervention is the established gold standard for this disease, yielding more favourable survival outcomes compared to both MCD and malignant pathologies in the lung. Therefore, in cases where malignant lung disease is suspected, the potential presence of UCD should not overlooked.
Thoughts of Yūsuf al-Qarḍāwī and Ahmad Hassan in a Comparative Study of Usury Hadiths
Authors: Mochamad Varendy
Published: November 2024

Yūsuf al-Qarḍāwī and Ahmad Hassan are prominent scholars who have an essential role in the development of Islam. These two figures have extraordinary thoughts in the fields of hadith, tafsir, and fiqh. Yūsuf al-Qardhawi's thoughts on the issue of usury are different from Ahmad Hassan's thoughts. This research aims to determine the differences and similarities in the thoughts of the two figures. The research method used is library study; the data sources come from articles, books, and other readings. The analysis results in this study show that in their thinking, both figures agree that the law of usury is haram. However, according to Yūsuf al-Qardhawi, it can be considered usury if everything contains an additional amount that exceeds the original amount without exception. At the same time, Ahmad Hassan's usury only occurs in matters of borrowing and lending. Apart from that, something where there is an excess in an amount is not included in usury.
Intertextuality in Tafsīr al-Jāmi‘ li Ahkām al-Qur’ān by al-Qurṭubī
Authors: Wara Jullul , Ahmadi Ahmadi , Marsaton Lukman
Published: November 2024

This study critically examines the intertextual patterns in Tafsīr al-Jāmi‘ li Aḥkām al-Qur’ān by al-Qurṭubī, focusing on its relationship with earlier works, particularly Aḥkām al-Qur’ān by Ibn al-‘Arabī. Intertextuality in this context refers to external influences and connections between texts, exploring how al-Qurṭubī engaged with, borrowed from, and elaborated on previous tafsīr literature. The research employs a descriptive-analytical method grounded in Julia Kristeva’s intertextual theory and is conducted through library research. The findings reveal distinct intertextual patterns, with the most prominent expansion pattern. This pattern involves quoting source texts and enriching them through elaboration and additional reasoning, demonstrating al-Qurṭubī’s intellectual engagement and methodological rigor. These results highlight the dynamic interplay between tradition and originality in al-Qurṭubī’s work, offering new insights into the intertextual practices in classical Islamic scholarship.
Meaning of al-Maysir from the Perspective of Middle Eastern Mufasirs and Its Contex
Authors: Maliha Dewi Maliha , Alhusna Mahdalina Nanda , Kamil Ahmad Zaidanil
Published: November 2024

This paper examines the perspectives of Sayyid Quṭb, Aḥmad Muṣṭafā al-Marāghī, Muḥammad ‘Abduh, and Wahbah al-Zuḥaylī regarding the meaning of al-maysir and its contextualization in contemporary settings. The study stems from the issue of modern prize-based draws, which share characteristics with the concept of al-maysir. The research aims to present a balanced interpretation to address these challenges. It explores the relationship between prize-based draws and al-maysir as outlined in Surah al-Baqarah [2]: 219 and Surah al-Mā’idah [5]: 90-91. A thematic tafsir approach is employed to capture the exegetical views, gathering related verses under a single theme for comprehensive analysis. The findings indicate that, according to Sayyid Quṭb, Aḥmad Muṣṭafā al-Marāghī, Muḥammad ‘Abduh, and Wahbah al-Zuḥaylī, not all forms of prize-based draws are deemed haram from a Quranic perspective. As technology has evolved, prize-based draws manifest in various forms, offline and online. The study concludes that draws associated with al-maysir—particularly those involving betting, fostering enmity, or causing negligence of religious duties—are impermissible. Among these exegetes, only Muḥammad ‘Abduh, in Tafsir al-Manār, specifically discusses maysir al-yanāṣīb, or lottery gambling, which closely resembles modern prize-based draws. Although contemporary draws may occur without direct interaction and may seem less prone to causing animosity compared to pre-Islamic gambling practices, they still involve elements of gambling as they represent the unjust acquisition of wealth without legitimate exchange or benefit.
Time Series Analysis: A Model Solution for Addressing Nigeria's Economic Challenges
Authors: Alfa, Mohammed Salisu  , Stephen Dauda
Published: November 2024

This study undertakes a comprehensive time series analysis of Nigeria's economic data from 2010 to 2023, focusing on key indicators such as GDP, inflation rate, unemployment rate, exchange rate, foreign direct investment (FDI), government revenue, and expenditure. Utilizing the ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average) model, we aim to forecast future economic trends and provide actionable insights for policy-making. Our analysis reveals significant volatility in Nigeria's economic indicators over the studied period. The GDP showed fluctuations, peaking in 2014 before experiencing a decline due to the 2016 recession, followed by gradual recovery. The inflation rate remained high, peaking at 19.5% in 2023, reflecting persistent inflationary pressures. Unemployment showed a troubling upward trend, reaching a height of 35.0% in 2021, indicating structural economic issues. The exchange rate exhibited substantial depreciation, while FDI inflows showed a declining trend, highlighting challenges in attracting foreign investment. Correlation analysis revealed critical relationships between these indicators: higher inflation rates and unemployment are associated with lower GDP growth, while higher exchange rates (weaker currency) associate with higher inflation. The ARIMA model forecast for GDP suggests continued recovery, but with significant uncertainties. The findings underscore the need for diversified economic strategies, effective inflation control measures, targeted job creation policies, and improved conditions for FDI. These insights are crucial for policymakers aiming to stabilize and grow Nigeria's economy. This study highlights the importance of data-driven approaches in addressing economic challenges and promoting sustainable growth in Nigeria.
The Analysis of the Structural and Functional Characteristics of Four-Word Clusters in Experts and Students’ Academic Writing in Linguistics
Authors: Zhang Aoran
Published: November 2024

This study examines the structural and functional characteristics of four-word clusters in the academic writing of expert and student writers within the field of linguistics. Using a self-compiled corpus and AntConc software, the researcher extracted and analyzed four-word clusters, identifying distinct usage patterns between the two groups. Expert writers showed a strong preference for noun phrase clusters and research-oriented bundles, indicating advanced linguistic competence and a focus on detailed research descriptions. In contrast, student writers demonstrated a more balanced structural distribution and a higher use of text-oriented and participant-oriented bundles, suggesting emerging academic writing proficiency. These findings highlight the need for targeted academic writing instruction, emphasizing noun phrase clusters and research-oriented bundles to guide students towards a more sophisticated writing style. This research provides insights into the teaching of academic English, supporting students’ development of more expert-like linguistic practices.
Advanced Radiotherapy 3d Isodosezones Optimization for Hyperfractionated Treatment Planning Optimization in Lung Tumors with Repair-Tissue Factors Mathematical Review
Authors: Casesnoves Francisco
Published: November 2024

In recent contributions, [102], precise 3D imaging-processing Isodosezones [Casesnoves, 2022], delimited by 3D Isodoselines were developed/explained in lung, head and neck, and prostate cancer. The radiotherapy model applied was the classical/initial BED one algorithm. Modern biological-model-based Treatment Planning Optimization can get objective improvements by using high-precision Isodosezones/lines when selecting the optimal dose delivery/schedule for any personalized treatment. This paper demonstrates improved imaging-processing programming techniques, [Casesnoves, May 7th, 2024], and engineered software which is developed for numerical hyperfractionated 3D TPO lung cancer treatment planning optimization database. Mathematical algorithms are detailed. Results show a series of graphics results obtained with the 3D Imaging-Isodosezones Pareto-Multiobjective Optimization programming is shown and detailed. Significances are complemented with a concise introductory/comparative section to explain/discuss the recent formulation/equations for tissue-repair factors in BED basic equation is initiated. Applications in radiotherapy medical physics are subsequently briefed.
Investigating the Impact of Gamma-Ray Bursts on Solar Photovoltaic System
Authors: Obioha Augustus Onyemauchechukwu , Chineke T. C. , Aniezi J. N. , Nwugo C. J. , Udofia K. I.
Published: November 2024

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are powerful cosmic events that release intense gamma-ray radiation from distant galaxies, with potential implications for renewable energy systems, particularly solar photovoltaics. We investigate the relationships between temperature, solar energy, and light intensity in the context of GRBs' impact on solar photovoltaic systems.  Analysis of a dataset comprising 77 observations reveals weak negative correlations: -0.086 for temperature, -0.096 for time, and -0.030 for temperature in relation to solar energy, indicating minimal influence from GRBs. T-statistics of -0.749 and -0.833 suggest non-significant results at conventional levels, supported by p-values of 4.54E-6 for temperature, 0.223 for solar energy and time, and 0.208 for solar energy and temperature, all exceeding the 0.05 threshold. These findings imply that GRBs likely have little significant effect on solar photovoltaic systems in terms of the examined variables, necessitating further research with larger sample sizes or alternative methodologies for more conclusive insights.
DRASTIC Index Mapping for Identifying Areas of High Aquifer Pollution Risk in a Mechanic Village: A Case Study of Reclaimed Nekede Mechanic Village Owerri, Imo State Nigeria
Authors: Nwaemene Izuchukwu M. , Agbodike Ifeanyi I. C. , Chinaka Joseph C. , Chineke T. Chidiezie
Published: November 2024

The DRASTIC index mapping was used to investigate areas of high aquifer pollution risk in Reclaimed Nekede Mechanic Village Owerri, Nigeria. A total of six vertical electrical soundings were probed within the study area to obtain data on the depth to water table, net recharge, aquifer media, soil media, topography, impact of vadoze zone and hydraulic conductivity. These seven parameters are denoted by the acronym, DRASTIC, a widely used technique for assessing groundwater vulnerability to pollution based on the hydrogeological settings of the area. The deduced DRASTIC parameters were used to map the groundwater vulnerability of the study area. The mapping shows that the location Near Otamiri River is an area of low vulnerability to pollution and the locations Along Church Road and Erosion Site are areas of moderate vulnerability to pollution. The rest of the locations within the study area have high vulnerability. The study concluded that the groundwater reserve is at a high risk of contamination due to the disposition of the hydrogeological environment of the area.
Decadal Trend in Humidex: Cooling and Heat Perception in Ibadan, Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Oluwadare Esolomo J. , Oluwadare Ayoola O.
Published: November 2024

Rising global temperatures have resulted in more frequent and intense weather phenomena like heatwaves, storms, and floods, with heatwaves posing notable risks to environment, agricultural and human health. Many studies use localized thresholds to assess heat indexes, taking into account the unique climate patterns of different regions. The Humidex, which measures thermal discomfort, provides a deeper understanding of how temperature and humidity combine to impact human comfort and environmental stress. Weather data from Ibadan, South-Western Nigeria, provided by the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET), were analyzed for key climate variables to calculate the Humidex. The Mann-Kendall test determined statistical relevance, while Sen's slope measured trend magnitude. Originally developed by Canadian meteorologists, the Humidex assesses how humidity impacts human comfort. The analysis of temperature, relative humidity, and Humidex trends from 2014 to 2023 shows a clear pattern of heat stress during the dry season (February-April) with some relief during the rainy season (June-August). The Mann-Kendall test and Sen's slope revealed a notable downward trend in temperatures, especially in January, March, June, and November, with decreases ranging from -0.08°C to -0.27°C annually. This cooling trend is mirrored by decreasing Humidex values, particularly in January, March and June, indicating reduced heat stress. High humidity levels during the rainy season are mitigated by the cooling effects of rainfall, leading to lower overall heat perception (Humidex). This relationship between temperature and humidity underscores their combined role in influencing heat stress and comfort levels. The annual variations emphasize the importance of monitoring and managing climate risks in regions prone to extreme heat and humidity. Overall, the decline in both temperature and Humidex suggests a shift toward cooler conditions, which could alleviate extreme heat but also prompt concerns about the broader impacts of these changes on regional climate and agriculture.
Assessment of Radon-222 in Selected Water Sources in Gwagwalada, Gwagwalada Area Council, FCT, Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Balogun Olufunke Abigail , Medina Umar
Published: November 2024

The exposure of a population to high concentration of Radon-222 for a long period has significant health effects ranging from respiratory functional changes to cancer of the lungs. Also, a very high level of Radon-222 in drinking water can lead to stomach and gastrointestinal tract cancer. In this work, the activity concentrations of Radon-222 (222 Rn) were investigated from thirty (30) water samples which includes twenty (20) borehole water samples and ten (10) well water samples from Gwagwalada town using liquid scintillation counter at the Centre for Energy Research and Training (CERT) Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Nigeria. Radon-222 concentrations obtained from this analysis ranged within (7.72 to 172.30) Bq/L. The highest and the lowest Radon-222 activity concentration were recorded from borehole and well water samples at Abattoir and kasuwan Derey respectively. Borehole water samples recorded the highest mean radon concentration of 45.11Bq/L while well water samples recorded the lowest mean Radon-222 concentrations of 27.60Bq/L. From computed results, it was observed that 88.89% of the recorded values were found to be above the world average Maximum Contamination Level (MCL) of 10Bq/L set by the World Health Organization and the MCL of 11.1Bq/L set by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA, 1991). Similarly, 15% of the recorded values were above the recommended action level of 100Bq/L set by the World Health Organization (WHO, 2008). Also, the corresponding Mean Annual Effective Doses estimated for the three (3) categories of people from the two (2) water types were found to be (0.331, 0.662 and 2.318) mSv/y in borehole water for adults, children and infant respectively. While due ingestion of Radon-222 in well water samples were found to be (0.201, 0.403 and I.417) mSv/y for adults, children and infants respectively. All the Mean Annual Effective Doses were found to be above World Health Organization's...
Modelling and Optimization of Wireless Signal Propagation Path-loss in the Forcados- Ogulagha Maritime Environment of Delta State, Nigeria
Authors: Zhimwang J. T. , Ugbeh R. N. , Ogherohwo E. P. , Ohworho A. E.
Published: November 2024

The deployment of Long-Term Evolution (LTE) networks in marine environments involves unique challenges owing to the influence of environmental conditions on signal propagation. LTE networks are meant to provide high-speed internet and communication services, which rely largely on precise pathloss modelling. This study model and optimize wireless signal propagation path-loss in the Forcados- Ogulagha maritime environment. A total of eighty base transmission stations were surveyed to measure the signal strength and four maritime locations were selected to represent a typical mixed-path environment.The traditional model was optimized using Decision Tree-Particle Swarm (DT-PSO), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), and Random Forest-Particle Swarm (RF-PSO) methods. The results show that certain features, such as measurement distance and temperature, play a crucial role in determining path loss, providing valuable guidance for refining path loss prediction models and optimizing the performance of wireless communication systems. The research further revealed that conventional path loss models showed significant discrepancies compared to actual measurements due to the impact of terrain and topography variations on the model's ability to capture nonlinear and non-stationary path loss factors.
Effect of Dielectric Heating on the Quality and Shelf of Life of Tomato
Authors: Akaagerger N. B. , Philip A. I. , Agba E. H.
Published: November 2024

Tomato is a vegetable of nutritional and economic importance. It is an important part of the conventional diet and provides important vitamins for the body's development. With its short shelf life, achieving a long-term supply of tomatoes is crucial. Hence, there is a need to develop preservation technologies to improve its shelf life without significantly altering its nutritional quality. Over the years, several heating processes have been used for food preservation. These include steam and hot water heating, ohmic heating, microwave heating, and infrared processing. This study assessed the effect of radiofrequency heating on the shelf life and nutritional quality of tomatoes. The materials used were a radiofrequency signal generator (JDS6600 DDS Signal generator/counter), copper capacitance plates, plate holders, a conductivity meter (Conductometer TH27 in Siemens/m), and a few connecting wires. Fresh tomato samples were collected from farms and stored in a cool, sterile chiller during transit. Samples were chopped or shredded into a paste just before the analysis. The parallel plate capacitance method was used to determine the dielectric properties of the fruits. The dielectric properties of the fruit were measured, along with the exposure parameters, proximate analysis, and shelf life of the fruit. The work carried out shows that the frequency range to extend the shelf life of tomatoes was from 10 to 50 MHz, while the penetration depth for effective exposure at the same frequency was found to be between 0.05 m to 0.09 m. The effect of radiofrequency radiation on the proximate composition of tomatoes was found to be safe for consumption at 20 MHz with an extended shelf life of 11 days, with no significant impact on the proximate composition of the samples at the field of 55.37 – 73.43 V/m. The temperature rise for tomatoes was between 37°C to 39°C in 10 minutes.
The Influence of Radiofrequency Heating on the Quality and Shelf of Life of Pepper
Authors: Akaagerger N. B. , Philip A. I. , Agba E. H.
Published: November 2024

Pepper is one of the common vegetable food items that constitute most African dishes with beneficial health properties. This study investigates the influence of radiofrequency (RF) heating on the quality and shelf life of pepper. Utilising the measured dielectric properties of pepper, the research evaluates how microwave exposure at varying frequencies affects pepper's nutritional content and preservation duration. Fresh samples of pepper were subjected to radio waves ranging from 5 MHz to 25 MHz, and their dielectric properties, proximate composition, and shelf life were analysed. The dielectric properties were measured using a parallel plate capacitance method, revealing significant variations in conductivity, dielectric constant, and loss factor across different frequencies. Results demonstrated that RF treatment effectively extended the shelf life of pepper, with the highest frequency (25 MHz) achieving a shelf life of 36 days, compared to 20 days for the control. Moreover, the study observed minimal changes in the proximate composition of pepper, ensuring the retention of its nutritional quality. This research provides valuable insights into the use of RF heating as a viable technique for extending the shelf life of pepper while maintaining its nutritional integrity.
Ameliorative effect of zingerone on cadmium-induced nephrotoxicity in adult wistar rats
Authors: Oviosun Augustine , Godson Emeka Anyanwu , Oviosun Ezinne Chidinma , Blasius Okechukwu Okwara
Published: November 2024

Exposure to heavy metals like cadmium has been reported to cause severe kidney damage through oxidative stress and inflammation. Zingerone is a bioactive compound present in ginger, it contains significant anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aims to investigate the anti-oxidative and therapeutic role of zingerone on cadmium-induced nephrotoxicity. Thirty (30) adult male rats were divided into 6 groups (A-F) of 5 rats each (n = 5) randomly [A: normal control (normal saline), B: cadmium-exposed (5 mg/kg of cadmium only), C: zingerone-alone, D-F: 5 mg/kg of cadmium + 50 mg/kg, 100mg/kg, 200 mg/kg of zingerone, respectively]. Nephrotoxicity was induced by oral administration of cadmium chloride (CdCl₂), followed by zingerone treatment orally. Renal function markers (serum creatinine and urea level), oxidative stress markers (superoxide dismutases, catalase, malondialdehyde), and histopathological investigations of the kidney were assessed to evaluate the effects. Cadmium administration resulted in significant renal dysfunction, characterized by elevated serum creatinine, urea, and kidney malondialdehyde levels, along with reduced antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase and catalase). Histopathological evaluation showed extensive kidney damage characterized by renal tubular damage, necrosis, and inflammation. Zingerone treatment significantly ameliorated these alterations, restoring renal function markers, reducing oxidative stress, and improving the histological architecture of the kidney. These findings suggest that zingerone exerts an anti-oxidative and therapeutic effect against cadmium-induced nephrotoxicity. According to these findings, zingerone shows potential as a therapeutic approach for kidney impairment caused by exposure to heavy metals.