bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HAPPINESS AS A PSYCHOLOGICAL FORMATION
Authors:   GS Kostyuk Institute of Psychology of the National Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of Ukraine, Bila Iryna , Hoian Ihor ,   Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University
Published: June 2022

The precedent of the study of happiness as a psychological education is the extraordinary relevance of the problem and its interdisciplinary study. The authors of the article emphasize that despite the constant interest in the problem, the phenomenon of happiness today is still not sufficiently studied, there is no clear common definition. Happiness is difficult to rigorous, accurate analysis and psychodiagnostic measurement. Positions of understanding happiness are singled out: as a motive and purpose of life and as a result of human activity. It is noted that a person's desire for happiness is correlated with the idea of self-sufficiency, realization and creativity. The traps that can occur on the path to well-being and happiness are analyzed, as well as the important factors with which happiness correlates and does not correlate. The determinants and a wide range of factors of happiness are determined, which are determined by both the objective circumstances of human life and the uniqueness of the individual. It is objective (health, income, work, social status, leisure, education, age, gender, religion, etc.) and subjective (neuroticism, extraversion, humor, joy, love) factors to varying degrees. your contribution to the overall level of happiness. Also important are the principles of happiness, namely: optimism, love, the ability to forgive, self-development, etc., which simplify the path to a happy life. Happiness is associated with a sense of fullness of life, joy and satisfaction with life, which underlie the optimal, healthy and effective functioning of the individual, as an integral result based on the recognition of the priority of both public and personal interests. Based on integrated models and formulas of happiness, the authors built their own component model of happiness and well-being, which is determined by the variables of physiological, cognitive, affective (emotional), social and personal levels of the individual. A thorough analysis of the psychological phenomenon of happiness as a psychological formation, characterized by satisfaction and awareness of human life, the dominance of a positive emotional state and based on the integration of components of a happy life. Prospects for research in the direction of finding out effective methods of studying happiness, its dynamics and effective development strategies are identified. Keywords: happiness, well-being, psychological education, personality, model of happiness.
History of the formation of human resource management mechanisms in companies
Authors: Alekseeva Natalia , Dolgopolova Tatiana , Korovyakovskiy Denis , Maystrovich Elena , Smorgunova Valentina
Published: June 2022

Human resource management is one of the most important parts in the organization of work, which can increase the efficiency and competitiveness of a modern enterprise. The process of globalization stimulates the development of management systems in an international company, since it has to work simultaneously in several states. The article is devoted to the study of the history and experience of human resource management in international companies. The authors revise the main approaches to human resource management, the stages of their formation, and problematic aspects in order to identify the most effective ways to improve personnel policy.
METODE MAKE A MACTH: Upaya Meningkat Pemaham dan Penguasaan Materi Bahasa Indonesia pada SMPN 01 Kampar
Authors: Fitri Adila Elza
Published: June 2022

Meningkatkan upaya pemahaman siswa dengan menggunakan metode Make A Match yang dimana tercapainya hasil belajar yang maksimal memerlukan usaha guru yang harus memperhatikan model metode pembelajaran untuk digunakan dalam proses belajar mengajar agar memudahkan dalam penyampaian materi kepada siswa. Karena model metode merupakan salahsatu unsur upaya yang sangat penting dalam proses pembelajaran. Berdasarkan tindakan di dalam observasi di dalam kelas , ditemukan permasalahan pada saat pembelajaran, diantaranya guru masih menggunakan metode yang konvensional (ceramah) proses pembelajarannya berpusat kepada guru, hingga siswa kurang antusias dalam mengikuti pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia karena isi materinya kebanyakan cerita sehingga anak-anak cepat bosan. Selain itu, guru kurang menggunakan berbagai metode pembelajaran tertentu yang sesuai dengan pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia. Hal tersebut menyebabkan pemahaman siswa terhadap materi Bahasa Indonesia menjadi kurang. Kurangnya pemahaman siswa ditunjukkan dengan rendahnya hasil belajar mereka dengan nilai rata-rata 65, sedangkan Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM) mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di SMPN 01 KAMPAR adalah 75.
A systematic literature review and integrative framework on the link between emotions and corruption
Authors: Lange Jens , Köbis Nils , Herrmann Christoph
Published: June 2022

Corruption poses one of the biggest current societal problems. Most approaches explaining when corruption occurs neglect the role of emotions. A growing set of articles contradicts these approaches. We distilled robust empirical findings related to the link between emotions and corruption from articles (k = 53) identified in a systematic, pre-registered literature review and developed an integrative framework based on legal, social, and personal norms. The norms framework argues that engaging in or observing corruption leads to emotions depending on salient norms. Emotions then signal information about norm adherence and thereby regulate people’s behavior. The norms framework structures the literature on the link between emotions and corruption, inspires new research, and informs anti-corruption policies.
PERDAGANGAN DAN BISNIS DALAM ISLAM
Authors: Ramadhan Kelvin , harefa Primoadin
Published: June 2022

AbstrakThis article discusses how the history of Islamic trade and business in Islam. Trade (Sale and Purchase) is an activity that exchanges or goods have value voluntarily between both parties and the other party accepts it in accordance with the applicable provisions. Islam asserts that the value of business principles in Islam has a value in business practice for Muslim actors. However, there are still many business actors who practice business not in accordance with Islamic regulations so that it is to the detriment of others and even the environment. So many negative actions that eventually become business behaviors such as lying, breaking promises, fraud and so on. This article describes trade and business in Islam from an Islamic perspective. This article concludes that the value of trade practices in Islamic business should have the values of honesty, justice, trustworthiness, responsibility, fraud, and far from unlawful things based on Islam.Keywords : Trade in Islam, Business in Islam, Business principles in Islam.
MAKALAH DEFINISI,KRITERIA,DAN KONSEP UMKM
Authors: putri Aulia ananda
Published: June 2022

Secara umum, UKM atau yang biasa dikenal dengan usaha kecil menengah merupakan sebuah istilah yang mengacu pada suatu jenis usaha yang didirikan oleh pribadi dan memiliki kekayaan bersih paling banyak Rp 200.000.000,00 (belum termasuk tanah dan bangunan).1 Dari pengertian tersebut, ada beberapa definisi-definisi UKM yang lain. Usaha atau bisa disebut dengan kewirausahaan. Istilah kewirausahaan menurut Peggy A. Lambing dan Charles R. Kuel dalam bukunya Entrepreneurship adalah tindakan kreatif yang membangun suatu value dari sesuatu yang tidak ada. Entrepreneurship merupakan proses untuk menangkap dan mewujudkan suatu peluang terlepas dari sumber daya yang ada, serta membutuhkan keberanian untuk mengambil risiko yang telah diperhitungkan Seorang pelaku usaha dalam skala yang kecil sekalipun dalam menjalankan kegiatannya akan selalu menggunakan berbagai sumber daya. Sumber daya organisasi usaha meliputi, sumber daya manusia, finansial, peralatan fisik, informasi dan waktu. Dengan demikian seoarng pelaku usaha telah melakukan pengorganisasian‘ terhadap sumber daya yang dimiliknya dalam ruang dan dimensi yang terbatas dan berusaha mengoperasikan‘ sebagai kegiatan usaha guna mencapai laba. Dalam mengorganisasikan dan mengoperasikan usahanya tersebut ia berhadapan dengan sejumlah risiko, utamanya risiko kegagalan.Kata Kunci : Sumber daya,Usaha
Pendekatan Kontekstual Guna Peningkatan Kemampuan Peserta Didik Untuk Berfikir Kritis, Logis, dan Sistematis
Authors: Afkar Firajul
Published: June 2022

Pendekatan kontekstual membuat siswa terlibat dalam kegiatan yang bermakna yang diharapkan dapat membantu mereka mampu menghubungkan pengetahuan yang diperoleh di kelas dengan konteks situasi kehidupan nyata. Pembelajaran dengan peran serta lingkungan secara alami akan memantapkan pengetahuan yang dimiliki siswa. Belajar akan lebih bermanfaat dan bermakna jika seorang siswa mengalami apa yang dipelajarinya bukan hanya sekedar mengetahui. Belajar tidak hanya sekedar menghafal tetapi siswa harus dapat mengonstruksikan pengetahuan yang dimiliki dengan cara mengaplikasikan pengetahuan yang dimiliki pada realita kehidupan sehari-hari. Berdasarkan pandangan tersebut, maka berkembang strategi pembelajaran kontekstual yang mendorong siswa mengkonstruksikan pengetahuannya.
Are latent working memory items retrieved from long-term memory?
Authors: Chao Chang-Mao , Xu Chenlingxi , Loaiza Vanessa Maria , Rose Nathan
Published: June 2022

Switching one’s focus of attention between to-be-remembered information in working memory (WM) is critical for cognition, but the mechanisms by which this is accomplished are unclear. Some models suggest that passively retaining “latent” information outside of focal attention and returning it to the focus involves episodic long-term memory (LTM) retrieval processes even for delays of only a few seconds. We tested this hypothesis by examining performance on both a two-item, double-retrocue WM task (that oriented participants’ attention to the item that would be tested first and then to the item tested second on each trial) and subsequent LTM tests for the items from the initial WM task. We compared performance on these tests between older adults (a population with LTM deficits) and young adults with either full (Experiment 1) or divided (Experiment 2) attention during the WM delay periods. Retrocueing, aging, and divided attention all had significant effects on WM performance, but did not interact with or systematically affect subsequent LTM performance for item, location, or associative memory judgments made with either high or low confidence. These dissociations between WM and LTM suggest that retaining and reactivating an item outside of focal attention on this two-item, double-retrocue WM paradigm, which has shown neuroimaging, neurostimulation, and neurocomputational modeling evidence for latent WM, does not involve LTM retrieval processes; rather, the results are consistent with the Dynamic Processing Model of WM (Rose, 2020, Current Directions in Psychological Science).
Clinical applications of EEG power spectra aperiodic component analysis: a mini-review
Authors: Pani Sara Maria , Saba Luca , Fraschini Matteo
Published: June 2022

Objective The present mini-review summarizes recent clinical findings related to the analysis of the aperiodic component of EEG (electroencephalographic) power spectra, making them quickly accessible to our target audience of medical specialists and allied health researchers, with the final aim of boosting related research. Methods Based on our own experience about clinicians’ literature-searching habits, we queried the PubMed database with specific terms related to EEG power spectra aperiodic component analysis and selected clinical studies conducted on patients that referenced such terms in the title/abstract, and were published in the last five years.Results A total of 11 journal articles, dealing with 9 different neurologic and psychiatric conditions and published between 1st January 2016 – April 1st 2021, were surveyed. Conclusions Despite the heterogeneity of diseases and aspects investigated in the selected papers, the shared key points relate to the exploration of i) the pathophysiological significance of the aperiodic component of the EEG power spectra, ii) its impact on the traditional approach to oscillatory features, iii) its correlation with the presence/absence of pathology and with diseases stages and/or severity.Significance All studies reported relevant results about aperiodic activity significance, with findings that might possibly challenge the traditional approach to the diagnosis/treatment/follow up of the pathology considered.
Single-session interventions embedded within Tumblr: Acceptability, feasibility, and utility study
Authors: Dobias Mallory , Morris Robert , Schleider Jessica L.
Published: June 2022

Background: Existing mental health treatments are insufficient for addressing mental health needs at scale, particularly for teenagers; many teens now seek mental health information and support online. Single-session interventions (SSIs) may be particularly well-suited for dissemination as embedded, online support options that are easily-accessible within popular social platforms. Objective: Evaluate the acceptability and effectiveness of three, 5 to 8-minute SSIs (ABC Project, Project SAVE, and REFRAME)—embedded as Koko “minicourses” on Tumblr—to improve three key mental health outcomes: hopelessness, self-hate, and desire to stop self-harm behavior. Methods: Quantitative data (i.e., star ratings, SSI completion rates) evaluated acceptability and short-term utility of all three SSIs. Paired t-tests assessed changes in hopelessness, self-hate, and desire to stop future self-harm, from pre- to post-SSI. Where demographic information was available, analyses were restricted to teenagers (13-19 years). Examples of positive and negative qualitative user feedback (i.e., written text responses) were provided for each program. Results: Between March 2021 and February 2022, the SSIs were completed 6,179 times. All three SSIs generated high star ratings (>4 out of 5 stars), with high completion rates (~25-57%) relative to real-world completion rates among other digital self-help interventions. Paired t-tests detected significant pre-post reductions in hopelessness for those who completed ABC Project (P < .0001, dz = -.81, 95% CI [-.85, -.77]) and REFRAME (P < .0001, dz = -.88, 95% CI [-.96, -.80]). Self-hate significantly decreased (P < .0001, dz = -.67, 95% CI [-.74, -.60]), and desire to stop self-harm significantly increased (P < .0001, dz = .40, 95% CI [.33, .47]), from pre- to post-completion of Project SAVE. Results remained consistent across sensitivity analyses and after correcting for multiple tests. Examples of positive and negative qualitative user feedback point toward future directions for SSI research.Conclusions: Very brief SSIs, when embedded within popular social platforms, are one promising and acceptable method for providing free, scalable, and potentially helpful mental health support online. Considering unique barriers to mental health treatment access that many teenagers face, this approach may be especially useful for teens without access to other mental health supports.
My Social Comfort Zone: Attachment Anxiety Shapes Peripersonal and Interpersonal Space
Authors: Von Mohr Mariana , Silva Paulo , Vagnoni Eleonora , Bracher Angelika , Bertoni Tommaso , Serino Andrea , Banissy Michael J. , Fotopoulou Aikaterini
Published: June 2022

Our perception of our personal space extends beyond the body to incorporate the space where inter-actions with the environment occur, i.e. peripersonal space (PPS), and the distance we feel comforta-ble in maintaining while interacting with other people, termed interpersonal space. Studies suggest that after positive interpersonal exchanges, PPS expands in order to create a space for interaction, while interpersonal space becomes smaller. However, little is known about how this malleability of our peripersonal and interpersonal space based on social context can be shaped by key individual traits of interpersonal relating, such as attachment style. In a first, exploratory study (N=48) using a visuo-tactile detection task in augmented reality, we found that when people scoring higher in attachment anxiety are in the presence of a stranger, relative to alone, their PPS becomes less defined, whereas the reverse pattern is observed in people scoring lower in attachment anxiety. In a follow-up, prereg-istered study (N=68), targeting individuals with high versus low levels of attachment anxiety, we found that the former has a sharp differentiation between peripersonal and extrapersonal space not only in a social context (i.e., presence of a stranger) but also in a non-social context. In a final, pre-registered, large-scale survey of the UK population (N=19,417), we enquired about the role of at-tachment anxiety in a self-report measure of the interpersonal distance people felt comfortable with during habitual conversion and as expected, we found that the greater the anxiety the closer the pre-ferred interpersonal distance, irrespective of their perceived social closeness to others. We conclude that attachment anxiety reduces the social malleability of both peripersonal and interpersonal space.
Rethinking Norm Psychology
Authors: heyes cecilia
Published: June 2022

Norms permeate human life. Most of our activities can be characterised by rules about what is appropriate, allowed, required, or forbidden – rules that are crucial in making us hyper-cooperative animals. This article examines the current cognitive-evolutionary account of ‘norm psychology’ and proposes an alternative that is better supported by evidence and better placed to promote interdisciplinary dialogue. The incumbent theory focusses on rules and claims that humans genetically inherit cognitive and motivational mechanisms specialised for processing these rules. The cultural evolutionary alternative defines normativity in relation to behaviour – compliance, enforcement, and commentary – and suggests that it depends on implicit and explicit processes. The implicit processes are genetically inherited and domain-general; rather than being specialised for normativity, they do many jobs in many species. The explicit processes are culturally inherited and domain-specific; they are constructed from mentalising and reasoning by social interaction in childhood. The cultural evolutionary, or ‘cognitive gadget’, perspective suggests that people alive today - parents, educators, elders, politicians, lawyers – have more responsibility for sustaining normativity than the nativist view implies. Our actions do not only shape and transmit the rules, they create in each new generation mental processes that can grasp the rules and put them into action.
Causal Inference in Psychological Capital
Authors: Yang Lily
Published: June 2022

It is probably fair to say that in the mind of the general public, occupational health is far more wary of physical chronic afflictions than mental and neurological sufferings. The best intuitive reason for investigating internal mental health is that it may assuage the unpleasant side of occupational health and lead to better job performance. Conformity to the well-documented studies, both physical and psychological factors should be equally treated. As an internal predictor of occupational health, psychological capital is a high-order construct extracted from organizational behavior. Interest in psychological capital(PsyCap) has expanded intensely in past decades. Strikingly, copious desired correlation outcomes have been obtained. It is widely substantiated in the empirical research that higher psychological capital is positively associated with results such as job innovation, working satisfaction, subjective well-being, and negative with stress, turnover, and burnout. Therefore, psychological capital is generally credited as a potent intervention in working settings to enhance occupational health. Multiple structural equation modelings(SEM) and self-report scales have been developed, have been validated for exploitation in various empirical scenarios, and are being employed in practical treatment. Yet, there has been scant heed to the antecedents in psychological capital. Although this has not preached as swiftly as consequences identification and prediction, or comparatively low, similar issues on gauging of antecedent variables likewise pertain vital to plumb the psychological capital. The reliable interventions towards psychological capital must be discovered and examined as well. Via sheer statistical association in the prior study, without more experimental causality proofs, previous conventional research approaches might be inadequate to fully explain the underlying principles of performance improvement through PsyCap. Against this, the analysis that follows this paper seeks to provide a more rounded elaborated review on the construction and causation of psychological capital from a causal inference perspective with the tenor to establish robust intervention.
An Alternative Approach to Optimal Growth Path by Adaptive Decision-Making based on Budgetary Control Management
Authors: Sakaki Shungo
Published: June 2022

In economics, we generally assume rational decision-making. However, practical decision-making is performed based on budgetary control management from businesses to households and governments. This principle corresponds to adaptive decision-making through sequentially updating decisions by managing variances between plans and actual results.In this paper, we examine the consumers' over time decision-making problem within the framework of the neoclassical growth model by incorporating replicator dynamics instead of the Keynes-Ramsey rule. Consequently, we show analytically that numerous and stable paths exist following the optimal growth path that leads to the modified golden rule level. Furthermore, simulation results show that we can achieve levels above 0.9 of the optimal growth path based on the social welfare level over time.The optimal growth model remains valuable because it provides a social welfare norm. But we can practically realize sufficient economic benefits without assuming the existence of an omniscient government or perfectly rational economic agents.
Lessons Learned from Community Engagement Regarding Phylodynamic Research with Molecular HIV Surveillance Data
Authors: Tordoff Diana M , Minalga Brian , Trejo Alfredo , Shook Alic , Kerani Roxanne P. , Herbeck Joshua T.
Published: June 2022

The widespread implementation of molecular HIV surveillance (MHS) has resulted in increased discussion about the ethical, human rights, and public health implications of MHS. We narrate our process of pausing our research that uses data collected through MHS in response to these growing concerns, summarize the original study, and key lessons we learned through conversations with community members. Some community concerns about MHS in public health practice also apply to research using MHS data, namely those related to informed consent, directionality, criminalization, and communicating results. Other critiques were specific to our research, and included feedback about the use of phylogenetic analyses to study assortativity by race/ethnicity and the importance of considering the broader context of stigma and structural racism. We ultimately decided the potential harms of publishing our study–including perpetuating racialized stigma about/among MSM and eroding the trust between phylogenetics researchers and communities of PLHIV–outweighed the potential benefits. Addressing criminalization, including PLHIV in decision-making processes, and increasing transparency have the potential to meaningfully address community concerns and strengthen the ethical justification for using MHS data in both research and public health practice.
Negative downstream effects of disinformation discourse: Evidence from the US
Authors: Jungherr Andreas , Rauchfleisch Adrian
Published: June 2022

Threats of disinformation feature strongly in public discourse. Digital communication environments are characterized as being especially vulnerable to intentional disinformation or accidental misinformation. Although selected scientific findings feature strongly in this discourse, the overall tenor between public and scientific discourse differs. While public discourse is generally alarmist about the perceived dangers of disinformation in digital communication environments, scientific discourse is much more skeptical. While there is agreement that digital communication environments feature false information, their actual reach and persuasive appeal in Western democracies is heavily contested. Accordingly, indiscriminate warnings against disinformation risk overestimating their effects and associated dangers. Balanced accounts, documenting the presence of digital disinformation while accounting for empirically established limits, offer a promising alternative to indiscriminate warnings. We test this in a preregistered experiment in the US. Respondents were exposed to two treatments designed to resemble typical journalistic contributions discussing disinformation. The treatment emphasizing the dangers of disinformation indiscriminately (T1) raised the perceived dangers of disinformation among recipients. The balanced treatment (T2) lowered the perceived threat level. T1 did bring downstream effects, increasing respondents’ support for heavily restrictive regulation of speech in digital communication environments. T2 did not have these negative downstream effects. While T1 lowered the satisfaction with the current state of democracy, no effect could be observed regarding the support for democratic practices and democratic governance. T2, in contrast, did not have any significant effects. Still, we see a positive correlation among all respondents between the perceived threat of disinformation to societies and skepticism toward democracy.
The intergenerational transmission of higher education: Evidence from the 1973 coup in Chile
Authors: Bautista María Angélica , Gonzalez Felipe , Martinez Luis R. , Muñoz Pablo , Prem Mounu
Published: June 2022

We estimate the transmission of higher education across generations using the arrival of the Pinochet dictatorship to Chile in 1973 as natural experiment. Pinochet promoted a large contraction in the number of seats available for new students across all universities. Using census data, we find that parents who reached college age shortly after 1973 experienced a sharp decline in college enrollment. Decades after democratization, we observe that their children are also less likely to enroll in higher education. The results imply large and persistent downstream effects of educational policies over more than half a century.
Price Informativeness and FOMC Reversals
Authors: Boguth Oliver , Grégoire Vincent , Martineau Charles , Fisher Adlai
Published: June 2022

Building on the methodology of unbiasedness regressions, we show that stock-market returns on FOMC announcement days are abnormally uninformative about future prices. These results strongly contrast with returns to other asset classes on FOMC announcement days or market returns following other macroeconomic announcements such as employment, inflation, and GDP announcements. Standard predictive regressions show statistically and economically significant reversals of short-window returns following FOMC announcements (p<.01, R2=6.9%). We provide additional evidence that combining elements of theories of announcement-day information (Ai and Bansal, 2018) and price pressure (Hendershott and Menkveld, 2014) may help to explain the FOMC-return reversals.
Letalidad por SARS-CoV-2 en Colombia años 2020 y 2021
Authors: Díaz Pinzón Jorge Enrique
Published: June 2022

Introducción: esta pandemia ha marcado la necesidad de comprender cómo sobrevivimos a las infecciones y por qué el tratamiento puede ser heterogéneo. Objetivo:  reseñar la tasa de letalidad por COVID-19 en Colombia entre el 6 de marzo 2020 y 31 de diciembre 2021. Metodología: estudio transversal, como fuente de información se obtuvo el plan nacional de vacunación contra COVID-19 del sitio web del Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social. Resultados: se establecieron por meses las tasas de letalidad por COVID-19 por meses en 2020 y 2021 en Colombia. Se apreció que en el período mencionado el mes con mayor tasa de letalidad fue febrero 2021 con 3,69% y el de menor fue diciembre 2021 con 1,61%. Conclusión: los registros de letalidad y tasas de mortalidad por COVID-19 posibilitan monitorear la pandemia, pero están sesgados por el diagnóstico posterior de la infección por SAR-CoV2 y la demora en la notificación.
Synthesis of acetamides bearing 3-aryl-3,4-dihydroquinazolin-4-one and 2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one moieties as novel derivatives
Authors:   Faculty of Chemistry, Ho Chi Minh city University of Education, Nguyen Tien Cong , Pham Duc Dung ,   Faculty of Chemistry, Ho Chi Minh city University of Education, Tran Thi Minh Dinh ,   Faculty of Biology, Ho Chi Minh city University of Education, Bui Thi Thuy Linh ,   Faculty of Pharmacy, Nguyen Tat Thanh University
Published: June 2022

Five new derivatives of N-(4-oxo-2-thioxothiazolidin-3-yl)-2-((3-aryl-4-oxo-3,4-dihydroquinazolin-2-yl)thio)acetamides have been synthesized successfully through a four-step process from anthranilic acid and aryl isothiocyanates as starting materials. The total yields ranged from 29 to 31% and these structures were determined by IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and HR-MS spectra.
In silico screening of chalcones and their derivatives as potential inhibitors of spike proteins and ACE2 enzymes for SARS-CoV-2 treatment
Authors:   University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Ta Thi Thu Hang , Nguyen Bao Kim ,   University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Do Thi Hong Khanh ,   University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Bui Thanh Tung ,   University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam National University, Hanoi
Published: June 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic causing acute respiratory syndrome is a significant public health problem. Drugs that can treat this disease are currently a high priority. The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and human ACE2 enzyme receptor, which both play important roles in virus entry into the host cell, are promising therapeutic targets for inhibiting viral infection. This research evaluates the potential of chalcone compounds to inhibit the spike proteins and ACE2 enzymes through molecular docking in silico approaches. Based on the ChemFaces database, we collected 92 chalcone compounds. These compounds were further docked to target the active sites of spike protein and human ACE2. After comparing the binding energies of the 92 compounds to artemisinin, ribavirin, and lopinavir, which have inhibitory activity to these protein targets of SARS-CoV-2, we chose 20 out of the 92 compounds that had a higher ability to inhibit the protein targets than the reference inhibitors. Next, five phytochemical compounds with the best binding energy were selected, which included flavanomarein, sarcandrone B, sarcandrone A, calyxin H, and sieboldin. Then, Lipinski’s 5 rule was used to evaluate the drug-like properties of these compounds. Predictive ADME/tox filtering tests were also applied to the top docked compounds. The results suggest that sarcandrone B has good pharmacokinetic properties, which should be further explored as an anti-SARS-CoV-2. To confirm these findings, experimental studies are recommended.
A new species of the genus Macrosemia from Vietnam
Authors:   Vietnam Forest Museum, Vietnam, Luu Yen Hoang ,   Graduate School of Science and Technology, VAST, Vietnam, Pham Thai Hong ,   Mientrung Institute for Scientific Research, VAST, Bui Hong Minh ,   Department of Biology, Hanoi National University of Education, Vietnam, Constant Jérôme ,   Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Belgium
Published: June 2022

A taxonomic study on the genus Macrosemia from Vietnam in which a new species Macrosemia sapaensissp. nov.is described. This species was collected from Lao Cai province in north Vietnam. Information on the distribution, photos of an adult, and illustrations of the male genitalia are provided for the new species. Based on the male characteristics, we provide a key to the genus Macrosemia Kato, 1925 (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) of Vietnam.
Fabrication of electrospinner for producing tube-shaped artificial blood vessels toward treatment applications in cardiovascular diseases
Authors:   School of Biomedical Engineering, International University, Ho Chi Minh city, Vu Binh Thanh ,   Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh city, Do Thai Minh ,   School of Biomedical Engineering, International University, Ho Chi Minh city,   Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh city, Nguyen Hiep Thi ,   School of Biomedical Engineering, International University, Ho Chi Minh city,   Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh city
Published: June 2022

One of the most common causes of high mortality in Vietnam, as well as in the world, is related to cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the development of artificial blood vessels to replace damaged blood vessels in cardiovascular patients has become increasingly necessary. Realizing a growing need for these techniques, our team manufactured a specialized electrospinner machine to produce artificial blood vessel models. The electrospinner has the following components: high power supply source, collectors with tubular-type structures, and a syringe pump system. This study was conducted to (i) fabricate electrospinner machine and (ii) operate and evaluate the electrospinner. We found that the conditions of vascular formation can be optimized and these influencing parameters include DC high voltage source, distance between needle tip and collector, needle tip diameter, speed of syringe pump, and ambient temperature and humidity. The results show that this equipment is stable and safe for users.
Evaluating the effects of chloride on the performance of microbial fuel cells for wastewater treatment
Authors:   School of Biotechnology, International University, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh city, To Duyen T. M. , Pham Ngoc ,   Department of Civil Engineering, International University, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh city, Pham Hoa T. ,   School of Biotechnology, International University, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh city
Published: June 2022

Up to 5% of wastewater generated worldwide is highly saline effluent. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have been considered as a promising saline wastewater treatment, which uses microorganisms to convert organic compounds into electrical energy. This study investigated lab-scale MFCs to evaluate the effect of chloride at different concentrations (0, 5, 10 and 20 g/l NaCl) on the performance of the MFC by examining its electrical generation and wastewater treatment efficiency. Increasing NaCl concentration led to a decrease in power generation with maximum power at 30, 18.7, 18.8, and 5.2 mW/m2 corresponding to 0, 5, 10, and 20 g/l of NaCl, respectively. The COD removal efficiency of the four treatments did not significantly vary (p>0.05) and reached 65.9% to 78.7%. Acidovorax spp. was isolated from the treatment without NaCl while Pseudomonas citronellolis was isolated from the treatments containing 10 and 20 g/l NaCl. Pseudomonas citronellolis can be used as a potential inoculum for MFCs treating highly saline wastewater based on its high electrical generation ability (606.8 mW/m2) based on inoculation of this pure strain into the mini MFC.
KONFLIK PSIKOLOGIS TOKOH UTAMA PEREMPUAN DALAM NOVEL DUA GARIS BIRU KARYA LUCIA PRIANDARINI
Authors: Marfungah Ismi Dwy , Wahyuni Primasari
Published: June 2022

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji konflik psikologis tokoh utama perempuan Dara dalam novel Dua Garis Biru karya Lucia Priandarini dan relevansinya dalam pembelajaran sastra terkhusus pembelajaran sastra di SMA kelas XII semestera II. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan hasil penelitian berupa kata-kata tertulis. Sumber data penelitian ini berupa dokumen tertulis hasil kasusastraan novel Dua Garis Biru karya Lucia Priandarini. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik baca dan catat karena dianggap lebih mudah diterapkan serta lebih efektif digunakan untuk meneliti. Hasil penelitian dan pembahasan menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat lima wujud konflik psikologis yang dialami tokoh utama perempuan dalam novel Dua Gari Biru karya Lucia Priandarini. Faktor penyebab konflik psikologis yang dialami tokoh Dara adalah faktor personal dan faktor situasional. Dalam menyikapi konflik psikologis yang dihadapinya tokoh Dara menggunakan tujuh cara. Berdasarkan hasil analisis di atas serta kompetensi dasar pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia di SMA kelas XII semester II maka novel Dua Garis Biru karya Lucia Priandarini layak digunakan sebagai bahan pembelajaran sastra di SMA kelas XII semester II.
Chronic inflammation in hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Dudar I.O. , Loboda O.M. , Dudar S.L. , Savchuk V.M.
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Our study aimed to establish a possible correlation between parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels and biomarkers of inflammation in hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism.

Methods. This observational сross-sectional study involved 108 hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism. The levels of serum cytokines interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were determined in all patients. The correlations between the levels of inflammatory mediators on the one hand and the level of PTH on the other were studied. The effects of diabetes, heart failure (HF), fractures, and smoking on the inflammatory status and PTH levels were assessed.

Results. The level of IL-1 in patients with diabetes was more than 2 times higher than in patients without diabetes (p<0.05). The level of IL-6 in patients with diabetes was more than 3 times higher than in patients without diabetes (p<0.05). The level of TNF-alpha in patients with diabetes was more than 1.5 times higher than in patients without diabetes (p<0.05). The level of PTH was more than 2.4 times higher in patients with diabetes compared with patients without diabetes (p<0.05). The level of IL-1 in patients with HF was 1.7 times higher than that in patients without HF (p<0.05). The level of IL-6 in patients with HF was more than 3 times higher than in patients without HF (p<0.05). The level of TNF-alpha did not differ significantly in patients with and without HF. The level of PTH was more than 2.3 times higher in patients with HF compared with patients without HF (p<0.05). The level of IL-1 in patients with fractures was more than 2.8 times higher than in patients without fractures (p<0.05). The level of IL-6 in patients with fractures was more than 3.6 times higher than in patients without fractures (p <0.05). The level of TNF-alpha in patients with fractures was more than 1.5 times higher than in patients without fractures (p<0.05). The level of PTH was more than 2.4 times higher in patients with fractures compared to patients without fractures (p<0.05). Smoking status in our study did not affect the levels of both PTH and inflammatory mediators. A positive correlation between the concentration of IL-6 and serum PTH was found (r = 0.7; p <0.001).

Conclusions. The presence of chronic inflammation is characteristic of hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism. Proinflammatory cytokine levels are significantly higher in patients with diabetes, HF, and a history of fractures. A positive correlation between the level of IL-6 and PTH may indicate a relationship between the development of secondary hyperparathyroidism and chronic inflammation.
HLA as risk and protection antigens against urinary tract diseases
Authors: Kolesnyk M. , Vozianov S. , Driianska V. , Shulyak O. , Gorpynchenko I. , Bondarenko Yu. , Velychko M. , Petrina I. , Chernenko V. , Chernenko D. , Poroshina T. , Nurimanov K.
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Currently, there is no doubt about the feasibility of determining the frequency of HLA and analysis of genetic associations, including those that determine the state of immunity, in patients with the genitourinary disease.

The study aimed to evaluate HLA phenotypes in patients with the most common diseases of the genitourinary system and identify risk antigens or protectors.

Methods. HLA distribution was studied in 384 patients with pyelonephritis and glomerulonephritis and 464 patients with urological diseases (chronic cystitis, chronic proliferative cystitis, chronic prostatitis, prostate sclerosis, prostatic hyperplasia, and prostate cancer). HLAs were defined using a standard microlymphocytotoxic test (Terasaki’s test) on the Terasakiґs planchette with panels of anti-HLA serums (20 antigens of locus A, 31 – B and 9 – DR). The control group consisted of 350 healthy donors from Ukraine.

The HLA frequencies in healthy and diseased subjects were compared taking each antigen separately, using the χ2  test. The value of the relative risk of disease (RR) was determined by the coefficient: RR = ab/cd, where a is the number of patients positive for this antigen, b is the number of persons in control, negative for this antigen; c is the number of patients negative for this antigen, d is the number of persons in control positive for this antigen. Indicators RR≥ 2.0 were considered significant.

Absolute (attributive) risk of the disease as an etiological fraction, which was determined by the formula: s = x - y/1 - y, where x is the frequency of antigen in patients, y is the frequency in healthy people. The indicator s> 0,1 was considered reliable.

Results. The association of the most common genitourinary diseases with certain histocompatibility antigens (RR≥2) is shown. The causal role of HLA with a significant absolute risk of pyelonephritis (А10, А11; В14, В16) and glomerulonephritis (A24, А28; B8; DR4, DR52), chronic cystitis, (including proliferative) (A10, B14, B16), chronic prostatitis (including with an autoimmune component or impaired fertility) (А24, В8, В52), sclerosis of the prostate (А24, А28), hyperplasia (А29, В38) and prostate cancer (А25, А29, В40, В44, В49) has been established. HLA-antigens associated with protection against these pathologies have also been identified - А2, А24, В21, В35 for pyelonephritis and А9, В12, В16, В18 for glomerulonephritis; А25, А26, В5, В14, В16, В17 for chronic prostatitis with its complications,  А10, B15, B17 for prostate sclerosis, А9, А10, В17 for prostate hyperplasia, A1, B5, B13, B15 for prostate cancer.

Conclusion. The study proves the feasibility of identifying antigens of the HLA system and analysis of their associations with different genitourinary diseases, which allows for predicting the risks of the disease and treatment optimization.
Creation of Webquest as a Form of Development of Students Digital Competence
Authors: Zhukova Oksana , Nalyvaiko Oleksii , Shvedova Yaroslava , Nalyvaiko Natalia
Published: June 2022

The introduction to the article analyzes the current state of implementation of digital learning tools, including web quests. The main purpose of the study was the theoretical justification and practical process of introduction of digital learning tools (webquests) in the process of higher education seekers training. The research methods. In the process of fulfilling the research objective, theoretical and practical methods of data search and processing were applied. Statistical methods were also used at all stages of the pedagogical experiment: in the general assessment of the formation of digital project activities of students; when creating web pages by students of the Faculty of Foreign Languages and the Faculty of History of V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University; when creating web-quests by each group of students while studying content modules. The results. The means of digital content in the implementation of project-digital activities by students were presented and analyzed, they are creating a website, using mobile-digital applications, developing multimedia materials for the educational process, developing and presenting digital pedagogical content. During the study, students created a website and developed a webquest «Non-standard lessons» for students and young teachers (creating a mental map «Characteristics of varieties of non-standard lessons»; identifying the main differences between standard and non-standard lessons using Euler-Venn’s diagram; creating «Daily rules of effective pedagogy» and placing them on the online board). The formation of students' digital competence by means of project-digital activity was checked at three levels (high, medium, low) and by the following criteria: motivational, semantic, activity and reflection. It was stated that the experimental verification of the formation of digital competence of humanities students by means of project-digital activities showed a positive dynamics in all criteria. Conclusions. The authors concluded that a project-digital activity served as an effective way to improve the digital competence of higher education students, this practice in the educational process would help their future professional activities as teachers. It was also emphasized that the role of digital technologies will continue to grow and higher education seekers should understand how to use them for educational purposes.
Forms and Means of Information and Communication Support for Students of Mathematics in the Pedagogical Institution of Higher Education
Authors: Shtonda Oksana , Proskurnia Oleksii , Deinichenko Tamara , Deynychenko Gennadii
Published: June 2022

The article is devoted to the forms and means of information and communication support for students of mathematics in the pedagogical institution of higher education. The main purpose of the article is to define and characterize the forms and means of information and communication support for teaching mathematics in a pedagogical institution of higher education. To achieve this goal, the authors used the following research methods: analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological sources, government documents on the research topic for theoretical justification of the problem, modeling, synthesis of data. The results. The introduction to this article presents a theoretical analysis of educational technologies, in particular, highlights the «information technology» and defines the essence of this concept. The authors define the pedagogical goals of the use of information technology, as well as provide a classification of pedagogical software. The article highlights and substantiates computer training programs used in higher education institutions in the study of some disciplines, which by their purpose are divided into control (tests, questionnaires, etc.), reference and information (databases, dictionaries), modeling and electronic textbooks. In the process of analysis, the means of information and communication support for teaching mathematics in a pedagogical institution of higher education are identified: computer training and control programs (electronic textbooks, workshops, test systems, simulators), expert systems, electronic libraries, telecommunications, e-mail, teleconferences) and multimedia systems. Conclusions. The authors proved that spreadsheets and integrated mathematical packages can also be widely used in teaching students of mathematical disciplines. Integrated mathematical packages such as Matlab, MathCad, Maple, Mathematica are singled out and briefly described. It is noted that one of the leading types of ICT is computer telecommunications, in the system of mathematics education the use of the following types of computer telecommunications as teleconferencing, e-mail, electronic bulletin board and other Internet capabilities is quite possible. So, modern MultiMedia tools allow you to create a variety of information environments that increase the level of emotional perception of information, and to develop the ability to implement various forms of independent activities for information processing.