bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dış Mekân Termal Konfor Koşullarının Zamansal ve Mekânsal Dağılımı: Konyaaltı-Antalya Örneği
Authors: KARAKUŞ Nihat , SELİM Serdar
Published: September 2022

Kentlerdeki dış mekân termal konfor, kentsel ortamlarda artan sıcaklıklar ile daha çok önem kazanmaya başlamıştır. Çalışmada Antalya ili Konyaaltı ilçesinin dış mekân termal konfor koşullarının zamansal ve mekansal dağılımının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda ilk olarak Konyaaltı ilçesi ve yakın çevresindeki meteoroloji gözlem istasyonlarından iklim verileri (sıcaklık, nem, rüzgâr hızı ve bulutluluk) elde edildi. Çalışmada dış mekân termal konfor koşulları, iklim parametrelerinin yanı sıra insan enerji dengesini de hesaplamalarına dâhil eden ve en yaygın kullanılan termal konfor indekslerinden biri olan FES (Fizyolojik Eşdeğer Sıcaklık) ve RayMan modeli kullanılarak hesaplandı. RayMan Model'i kullanılarak üretilen aylık FES değerlerinin mekânsal dağılımı CBS ortamında IDW analizi kullanılarak elde edildi. Sonuç olarak, Konyaaltı kent merkezi ve yakın çevresinde termal konfor koşulları ilkbahar ve sonbahar mevsiminde kısmen oluşmakta ve diğer mevsimlerde sıcak ve soğuk stres nedeniyle termal konfor koşulları oluşmamaktadır.
A principal component analysis of Organisational BIM Implementation
Authors: Adekunle Samuel , Aigbavboa Clinton , Akinradewo Opeoluwa , Ikuabe Matthew , Adeniyi Adetola
Published: September 2022

BIM implementation by organisations is a bit challenging for many organisations. It has become an essential yardstick for project execution in the construction industry. However, many organisations struggle to achieve its implementation as they are still in the chaotic stage due to the BIM introduction. However, the knowledge of the inherent value and usefulness resulting from BIM implementation can help them transform from the status quo to a new status quo. The study adopted purposive sampling through a quantitative approach to identify the merits of organisational BIM adoption. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire from thirty BIM aligned construction organisations. The study identified the critical BIM benefits to construction organisations. In addition, the structure among the factors was identified through principal cluster analysis and three clusters were identified; these are achieving competitive advantage through BIM adoption, effective organisational process and enhanced work output and achieving project outcome. The results of this study provide insight, and it is instructive to stakeholders in the construction industry to aid BIM diffusion.
VDC management in the industrialization process using prefabricated reinforcement cages. Case Study: Ovalo Monitor Bridge
Authors: Palpan Alejandro , Vega Sandra , Quiroz Felipe Quiroz , Vicuña Mark , Tuesta Rodrigo , Del Savio Alexandre Almeida
Published: September 2022

Reworks and delays in production processes are commonly found in construction projects associated with a low level of industrialization and a lack of design constructability. To promote industrialization, improve project constructability, and reduce the execution time, we implemented the Virtual Design and Construction (VDC) methodology. An industrialization strategy was established using a prefabricated reinforcement cages system (PRC) elements in an 870-meters bridge construction project in Lima, Peru. The objective was to improve the project buildability with high industrialization of the steel rebar works. We replaced the traditional on-site cutting and bending steel reinforcement processes with an industrial process that integrates construction management with the supply chain through Building Information Model (BIM). As a result, the level of industrialization of the PRC elements of the bridge substructure and superstructure reached 85% and 40%, respectively, aligned with a 16% execution time reduction of the project.
Carbon emissions comparison in modular and site-built residential construction
Authors: Kouhirostami Maryam , Chini Abdol R.
Published: September 2022

The construction industry has significant environmental impacts by consuming natural resources, emitting greenhouse gas (GHG), and generating wastes. Hence, lowering the environmental impacts of residential buildings deserve serious attention. Over the past decades, Modular construction has gained popularity as an address to that problem due to its advantages: lower cost, lower waste, higher productivity, faster construction time, and lower environmental impacts. This prefabrication technique also provides mass production specifically to address the housing crisis. In addition, lower carbon emission of modular construction makes it even more popular in residential sector. This study aims to review literature on environmental impacts of modular residential construction and their comparison with equivalent site-built homes using the life cycle assessment method (LCA). The goal is to identify the gaps in existing knowledge and suggest research opportunities for future study. The results indicate lack of comprehensive LCA framework to study the environmental impacts of modular and site-built construction. The findings recommend developing a comprehensive LCA framework for the comparison.
A Grasp-Like Vaginal Lesion in a 15-Months-Old Child: A Case Report
Authors: Guanà Riccardo , Carpino Andrea , Campilongo Carmen , Lonati Luca , Madonia Elena , Garofalo Salvatore , Perucca Giulia , Shilly Steffi , Gennari Fabrizio
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction and importance:

Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common pediatric soft tissue sarcoma. It constitutes 4 – 6% of all malignancies in childhood. The botryoid variant is a type of ERMS that is the most common malignancy in the pediatric female genitourinary tract. ERMS of the vagina usually occurs in early childhood, whereas ERMS of the uterus occurs later in age. Since 1959, only 7 cases of uterine botryoid ERMS during infancy have been reported.

Case presentation:

A 15-months-old girl was admitted to our ED for three reddish, smooth, glistening, polypoidal masses protruding from her vaginal introitus for 9 days. The lesions had a suspicious “grape-like” appearance and tended to come in and out through the vaginal ostium. A pelvic US examination on the patient showed an inhomogeneous aspect of the uterus, which appeared to be occupied and stretched out by an iso-hypoechogenic solid tissue. Additionally, there were some hyperechogenic spots inside as well as evidence of vascular signals on color doppler. A surgical biopsy revealed a malignant mesenchymal tumor consistent with the diagnosis of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS), botryoid variant.

Clinical Discussion:

The patient completed her first cycle of chemotherapy with ifosfamide, vincristine, and dactinomycin (IVA). When she was 18 months old, she underwent a hysterectomy, which removed the entire mass with a Pfannenstiel approach. The postoperative course presented with no complications. Follow-up visits were scheduled quarterly.

Conclusion:

Botryoid ERMS of the uterus is a diagnosis not to be missed in an infant. Since rapid diagnosis and treatment are necessary, clinicians should be aware of its presentation to assure optimal management.

Highlights:
Roman and Early Byzantine evidence from the area of Palamas. A preliminary report of the ongoing Greek-Swedish archaeological work in the region of Karditsa, Thessaly
Authors: Vaïopoulou Maria , Rönnlund Robin , Tsiouka Fotini , Klange Johan , Pitman Derek , Dandou Sotiria , Potter Rich , Shaw Lawrence , Webb Lewis , Ieremias Stelios , Randall Ian , Manley Harry
Published: September 2022

This paper presents preliminary results of the Palamas Archaeological Project relating to the Late Roman and Early Byzantine periods in the study area in western Thessaly, Greece. These periods are comparatively understudied in Thessaly, and the aim of this work is to highlight the extent of the material and the potential of investigating the archaeology of Late Antiquity in the region. The work was centred on excavations and survey at the site at Vlochos, alongside architectural survey at the neighbouring site on Kourtikiano hill. The paper also presents studies into Late Roman and Early Byzantine material found during cleaning at Vlochos. Additionally, an unpublished inscription spoliated in a church in nearby Palamas is presented. The results show a dynamic and detailed range of Late Antique activity in the area, adding significantly to our understanding of the post-Classical habitations on the western Thessalian plain.
Late Etruscan tripod thymiateria
Authors: Wikander Örjan
Published: September 2022

This article is a further development of questions raised in my review of Laura Ambrosini’s magisterial Thymiateria etruschi in bronzo (2002), and it is mainly based upon material gathered by her. Whereas I mostly agree with Ambrosini’s conclusions, the discussion includes some dissent concerning production centres (Chiusi and Tarquinia in particular), chronology (beginning and end-date of production), and the function of the censers. Otherwise, a series of case studies clearly confirms the basic correctness of Ambrosini’s division of the thymiateria by different production centres. The article also expands my earlier views on the varying modes of production and the possible importance of Roman leges sumptu­ariae for the southern limit of thymiateria diffusion. Except for that, the investigation reveals no traces of influence from the Roman wars and the contemporaneous romanization, but perhaps of the importance of the stands for family status and cultural identity.
The Basilica Sempronia and the Forum Romanum
Authors: Gerding Henrik , Dell'Unto Nicolò
Published: September 2022

The authors of this paper reinvestigate the remains of the Basilica Sempronia, situated below the Imperial Basilica Julia in Rome. By combining the information from the original excavation with a new 3D digital documentation, new observations are made and previous interpretations reassessed. The present remains are discussed in relation to the contemporary built environment, as well as to preceding and following phases. It is argued that the Basilica Sempronia was an elongated hall with closed lateral walls and interior supports. It was erected on a podium that raised the building above the surrounding streets on all sides except the west. The Augustan renewal of the Basilica Julia entailed vast foundations works, which had a huge impact on the site. However, evidence of an intermediate phase indicates the existence of a building complex that merged the previous basilica with the Tabernae Veteres, partly preserving their original dimensions and orientations. This intermediate basilica complex comprised a large paved unroofed surface at an elevated position, possibly a peristyle courtyard. The paper briefly touches upon the possible implications for our understanding of the early Roman basilica, the use of public space, and the development of the Forum Romanum.
Successful treatment of an extremely severe case of nutritional botulism complicated by sepsis
Authors: Dieva T. V. , Batusov O. V. , Sergunin D. A. , Demianenko A. V. , Borisov I. A. , Dalinin V. V.
Published: September 2022

A successful diagnosis and treatment of a patient with a severe case of botulism complicated by sepsis is described. The issues of diagnostics, microbiological verifi cation of the precursor of the infectious complications, the choice of antibacterial therapy, methods and duration of mechanical ventilation are discussed.
Breaking up is hard to do? Devolution and the sovereignty dilemma of post-Brexit UK
Authors: Solomon Russell
Published: September 2022

Brexit was ostensibly about the assertion of sovereignty of the UK parliament in ‘taking back control’ from the EU. The UK government believed it could reimpose the traditional sovereignty view practised prior to joining the then European Economic Community. However, changes since then mean that within the UK’s ambiguous constitutional order account must be taken of the 1998 devolution of certain powers to Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland.This article addresses this sovereignty dilemma in post-Brexit UK against a background of both EU withdrawal and regional differentiation. The UK government’s post-Brexit push for centralisation has raised the stakes as regions seek to accommodate the centripetal force of their intra-UK economic relations with the centrifugal force of their culture and identity. It is argued that path dependence formed from the shared experience of the evolving institution of devolution promotes that accommodation thereby offering a path to a viable and unified UK.
Prospects for obtaining low-alkaloid and adaptive forms of narrow-leafed lupinе based on the genome and transcriptome resources of the species
Authors: Vishnyakova M. A. , Krylova E. A.
Published: September 2022

The narrow-leafed lupinе (Lupinus angustifolius L.) is considered as a crop of untapped opportunities. The food and forage potential of the species is not fully exploited due to the presence of quinolizidine alkaloids (QA) in plants, which are secondary metabolites that make the seeds bitter and toxic to humans and animals. Varieties with a low content of QA (“sweet” varieties) created over the last 50-60 years turned out to be more susceptible to damage by sucking insects and insect-transmitted viruses than high alkaloid ones (“bitter” varieties). Based on the rapidly developing genomic, transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling of the species, some molecular determinants and features of alkaloid biosynthesis in narrow-leafed lupinе plants have been identified: alkaloids are formed in the vegetative organs of the plant and then transported to the seeds. This information substantiated the creation of “bitter-sweet” forms with a high content of alkaloids in the vegetative parts of the plant, which would make it possible to reduce the attack of pathogens, and a minimal content of alkaloids in the seeds. This review summarizes the existing prerequisites for obtaining such forms of narrow-leafed lupinе on the basis of the available scientific developments. Information on the creation of saturated genetic maps of the species, in which the iucundus (iuc) locus determining the overall low alkaloid content in seeds is integrated and is used in breeding programs. The use of the new generation sequencing allowed the identification of the RAP2-7 gene, encoding the transcription factor APETALA2/ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR, which is coupled to the iuc locus and located in the area with the main QTLs that affect the composition of the QA. It is a likely candidate gene for regulating alkaloid content in narrow-leafed lupinе seeds. The initial stages of QA biosynthesis and its regulatory factors have been revealed. Two reference assemblies of the genome of narrow-leafed lupinе have been carried out. All these achievements constitute a valuable resource for the creation of forms of narrow-leafed lupinе with a high content of alkaloids in the vegetative mass and low in the seeds, which are absent in nature.
Characterization of commercial common wheat cultivars for resistance to tan spot causative agent
Authors: Kovalenko N. M. , Shaydayuk E. L. , Gultyaeva E. I.
Published: September 2022

Tan spot of wheat (pyrenophorosis) is a worldwide spread and economically significant disease of wheat. Growing resistant cultivars is an environmentally friendly method of disease control. The aim of the present work was to assess tan spot resistance in common wheat cultivars recommended for cultivation in the Russian Federation, and to identify the dominant Tsn1 allele using a molecular marker. The assessment involved 39 winter and 31 spring wheat cultivars included in the State Register of Selection Achievement in 2018-2020. Evaluation of wheat resistance was carried out in laboratory conditions under artificial inoculation of seedlings and leaf segments. Two isolates of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Died.) Drechs, producing ToxA toxin (I_ToxA) and ToxB toxin (ToxB) were used. The dominant allele of the Tsn1 gene was identified using the Xfcp623 marker. A high level of resistance (R) to both isolates (I_ToxA and I_ToxB) was shown by spring cultivars ‘Grenada’ and ‘Silach’; moderate resistance (MR) was demonstrated by winter cultivars ‘Felicia’ and ‘Akhmat’ and spring cultivars ‘Omskaya 42’, ‘Zauralskaya Zhemchuzhina’, ‘Radmira’, ‘Tarskaya 12’ and ‘Extra’. A resistant reaction (R, MR) to the isolate I_ToxA was typical for 26% of winter cultivars and 45% of spring ones. The number of cultivars resistant to the I_ToxB isolate was significantly higher (59% and 52%, respectively). The total fraction of cultivars resistant to the isolate I_ToxA (reaction R, MR) in the collection of winter wheat was 26% and 45% in the spring wheat collection; while the fractions of cultivars resistant to the I_ToxB isolate in these collections were equal to 59% and 52%, respectively. By using the Xfcp623 marker, the diagnostic product was amplified in winter cultivars ‘Bodry’, ‘Kavalerka’, ‘Timiryazevka 150’, ‘Shef’, ‘Anastasia’, ‘Barynya’, ‘Donskaya Step’, ‘Elanskaya’ and spring cultivars ‘Odeta’, ‘Stolypinskaya 2’, ‘Iren’ 2’ and ‘OMGAU 100’. All these cultivars were moderately susceptible to the isolate I_ToxA, with the exception of ‘Odeta’ and ‘Iren’ 2’, which may indicate a decrease in the expression level of the ToxA gene in genotypes of these cultivars.
On the results of the First Scientific Forum «Genetic Resources of Russia»: prospects for development, research and practical potential of bio-collections
Authors: Tikhonovich I. A. , Geltman D. V. , Chernetsov N. S. , Mikhailova N. А. , Glotov A. S. , Khlestkin V. K. , Ukhatova Y. V. , Zavarzin А. A. , Nizhnikov A. A. , Khlestkina E. K.
Published: September 2022

Nine separate scientific conferences and school-conferences dedicated to the conservation, development, study and practical use of biological collections of various types were held under the auspices of the First Scientific Forum “Genetic Resources of Russia”, which took place in Saint Petersburg on 21-24 June 2022. A total of more than 300 oral presentations were made at these events. The Forum plenary sessions, which included 25 lectures, attracted more than 1,500 participants. The development prospects, research and scientific-practical potential of biological collections were thoroughly discussed at the events of the Forum. The results of these discussions are presented in this publication in the form of a Forum resolution. The strategic role of biological collections for the conservation of genetic diversity, for the scientific and technological development of society and for the provision of educational processes is emphasized. This strategic framework, which should be developed and maintained, also makes it possible to implement practical tasks related to meeting the challenges in the field of food and environmental security, health care and technological independence in the rapidly developing spheres of the economy.
Effect of Polypropylene Macro Fiber on Geotechnical characteristics of Black Cotton Soil: An Experimental Investigation and Correlation Analysis
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India, A U Rao , Kiran Dhanalakshmi ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India, G S Arun Kumar ,   School of civil Engineering, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, Karnataka, 580031, India, K. G. Prakash ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India, B S Maddodi ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
Published: September 2022

Rao A U,1 Dhanalakshmi1, Arun Kumar G S2, K. G. Prakash1 and Maddodi B S1* 1Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India. 2School of civil Engineering, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, Karnataka, 580031, India.
Avaliação de risco para tromboembolismo venoso: estudo bibliométrico para a prática clínica de cardioncologia
Authors: Madeira Timóteo Dias Isabela Carolina , Carneiro Carvalho Eloá , Cascardo Marins Ana Lúcia , Serpa Franco Andrezza , Dantas de Oliveira Souza Norma Valéria , Silva de Andrade Karla Biancha
Published: September 2022

Objetivo: identificar as produções científicas acerca das estratégias de avaliação de risco para tromboembolismo venoso, para aplicação pelo enfermeiro no cuidado ao paciente oncológico. Métodos: trata-se de uma pesquisa de revisão, tipo bibliométrica, de natureza descritiva e abordagem quantitativa. Resultados: foram encontradas 133 publicações e selecionados 34 textos após análise conforme os critérios de inclusão. Dos 34 artigos que participaram da pesquisa, 23 (67,6%) trabalharam com aplicação de escalas de avaliação de risco para tromboembolismo venoso, onde 14 (41,2%) abordavam o escore de Khorana. Conclusão: Apesar de existir produção científica sobre as estratégias de avaliação de risco para tromboembolismo venoso, a diversidade de modelos e biomarcadores de predição de risco pode dificultar a escolha pelo profissional enfermeiro no cuidado ao paciente oncológico
Management of Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients on Left Ventricular Assist Device Support
Authors: Salem Mahmoud , Al-Saffar Farah , Hall Shelley
Published: September 2022

Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are increasingly utilized for patients with end-stage heart failure (HF). Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is highly prevalent in this patient population mainly due to prolonged left ventricular (LV) failure and chronically elevated filling pressures. The effect of LVADs on pulmonary circulation and right ventricular (RV) function has recently become an area of great attention in literature. PH can lead to post-LVAD right ventricular failure (RVF) that confers a high risk of morbidity and mortality. Multiple pulmonary vasodilators, that are primarily used for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), have been studied for the treatment of PH after LVAD implantation, and some of them have shown promising results. This review aims to investigate the treatment options for PH in patients on LVADs, as well as to give an overview about the pathophysiology of PH and RVF in these patients.
Orientation Towards a Master’s Degree and Working Life – Higher Education Students’ Perceptions of Successful Engagement (First version)
Authors: Siklander Signe Pirkko Auroora , Brauer Sanna , Thangaperumal Pavithiran
Published: September 2022

Engagement is an important piece of effective strategies in both education and employment. Engagement is linked to well-being, persistence, and goal orientation. To raise and maintain interest, motivation and engagement during studies is crucial. This study explores international university students’ (n=25) experiences and perceptions related to the concept of engagement at the moment they entered a two-year master’s programme. Phenomenography was used as an analysis approach to build knowledge describing participants’ different experiences. The results suggest practical implications to support students’ engagement, guiding educators to design more supportive materials, curricula, interactions and practices from the beginning of the education.
Novel Healthcare Model, Continuation of Inequality: Exploring the Role of Micro Hospitals in Texas Healthcare Access Through Demographic Spatial Modeling
Authors: Ren Jingqiu , Earl Ryan , Amaral Ernesto F. L.
Published: September 2022

Purpose: Micro hospitals are a new form of for-profit healthcare facility with rapid expansion in some parts of the country. They continue to grow in Texas without in-depth public understanding or explicit policy guidance on their role in the healthcare system. Our project aims to define socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of areas served by micro and regular hospitals, and by doing so assess micro hospitals’ impact in expanding healthcare access for disadvantaged populations in Texas.Methodology/Approach: We 1) estimated hospital service areas (catchment areas) with a spatial model based on advanced Geographic Information System (GIS) methods using a proprietary ESRI traffic network; 2) assigned population socioeconomic measures to the catchment areas from the 2014–2018 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, weighted with an empirically tested Gaussian distribution; 3) used two-tailed t-tests to compare means of population characteristics between micro and regular hospital catchment areas, and 4) conducted logistic regressions to examine relationships between selected population variables and the associated odds of micro hospital presence.Findings: We found micro hospitals in Texas tend to serve a population less stressed in healthcare access compared to those who are more in need as measured by various dimensions of disadvantages.Research Limitations/Implications: Our analysis takes a cross sectional look at the population characteristics of micro hospital service areas. Even though the initial geographic choices of micro hospitals may not reflect the long-term population changes in specific neighborhoods, our analysis can provide policy makers a tool to examine healthcare access for disadvantaged populations at given point in time. As the population socioeconomic characteristics have long been associated with healthcare inequality, we hope our analysis will help foster structural policy considerations that balance growing healthcare delivery innovations and their social accountability.Originality/Value of Paper: We used GIS based spatial modeling to dynamically capture the potential patient basis by travel time calculated with a street network dataset rather than using the traditional static census tract to define hospital service areas. By mapping these boundaries in space we illustrated patterns that regression alone might not. Most importantly, by integrating both spatial and nonspatial dimensions of healthcare access, we demonstrated that the policy considerations on the implications of equal opportunity for healthcare access need to take into account the social realities for those experiencing the most vulnerability in our society, rather than a conceptual “equality” existing in the spatial and market abstraction.
Uma proposta para impulsionar as pesquisas em governança de algoritmos de IA e dados
Authors: Braga Juliao , Regateiro Francisco , Stiubiener Itana , Braga Juliana Cristina
Published: September 2022

This paper is a proposal to develop a study on governance of artificial intelligence algorithms and data from a comparative study of proposals available in the literature and experiences from Internet governance. Complementarily these studies will be made available for discussions in a Decentralized Autonomous Organization to be implemented, especially for this purpose, in the environment called web3 or Decentralized Finance (DeFi).
Biomedical supervisors’ role modeling of open science practices
Authors: Haven Tamarinde Laura , Abunijela Susan , Hildebrand Nicole
Published: September 2022

Supervision is one important way to socialize PhD candidates into open and responsible research. We hypothesized that one should be more likely to identify open science practices (here publishing open access and sharing data) in empirical publications that were part of a PhD thesis when the PhD candidates’ supervisors engaged in these practices compared to those whose supervisors did not or less often did. Departing from thesis repositories at 4 Dutch University Medical centers, we included 211 pairs of supervisors and PhD candidates, resulting in a sample of 2062 publications. We determined Open Access status using UnpaywallR and Open Data using Oddpub, where we also manually screened publications with potential open data statements. Eighty-three percent of our sample was published openly, 9% had open data statements. Having a supervisor who actively published open access was associated with an odds of 1.99 to publish open access, but this effect became nonsignificant when correcting for institution. Having a supervisor who shared data was associated with 2.22 (CI:1.19-4.12) times the odds to share data compared to having a supervisor that did not. This odds ratio increased to 4.6 (CI:1.86-11.35) after removing false positives. The prevalence of open data in our sample was comparable to international studies; open access rates were higher. Whilst PhD candidates spearhead initiatives to promote open science, this study adds value by investigating the role of supervisors in promoting open science.
Non-instrumental actions can communicate roles and relationships, not just rituals
Authors: Thomas Ashley J , Radkani Setayesh , Hung Michelle S.
Published: September 2022

Actions that do not have instrumental goals can communicate social goals that are not rituals. Many non-instrumental actions such as bowing or kissing communicate a commitment to or roles in dyadic relationships. What is unclear is when people understand such actions in terms of ritual and when they understand them in terms of relationships. [commentary on Jagiello et al.: Tradition and invention forthcoming in BBS].
ROC Asymmetry and the Assumption of Target-Probe Invariance: A Comment on Meyer-Grant and Klauer (2022)
Authors: Kellen David , Singmann Henrik
Published: September 2022

When modeling recognition-memory judgments, it is typically assumed that requesting participants to judge whether a given test item is ‘old’ is the equivalent to asking whether that very same item is ‘new’. The only difference between the two test probes being that the meaning of “yes” and “no” responses are switched. Following up on previous findings, Meyer-Grant and Klauer (2022) reported results from detection-plus-identification tasks that run counter to this assumption of test-probe invariance. Aside from a rejection of the aforementioned assumption, their results led them to question the established evidence for the asymmetry of Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) functions. The present commentary proposes an alternative explanation for their results. Specifically, we arguethat differences in target-identification accuracy can arise if participants have apredisposition towards guessing the identity of the target whenever they judge it to be absent from a given pair. Moreover, we argue that Meyer-Grant and Klauer understate the strength and diversity of the existing evidence for ROC asymmetry.
Judgments during perceptual comparisons predict distinct forms of memory updating
Authors: Saito Joseph M. , Bae Gi-Yeul , Fukuda Keisuke
Published: September 2022

Comparing a visual memory with new visual stimuli can bias memory content, especially when the new stimuli are perceived as similar. Perceptual comparisons of this kind may play a mechanistic role in memory updating and can explain how memories can become erroneous in daily life. To test this possibility, we investigated whether comparisons can produce other types of memory distortion beyond memory bias that are commonly implicated in erroneous memories (e.g., memory misattribution). We hypothesized that the type of memory distortion induced during a comparison depends on the perceived overlap between the memory and incoming stimulus— when the input is perceived as similar, it biases memory content; when perceived as the same, it replaces memory content. Participants completed a delayed-estimation task in which they compared their memories of color (Exp.1) and shape stimuli (Exp.2) to probe stimuli before reporting memory content. We found systematic errors in participants’ memory reports following perceived similarity and sameness that were towards the probes and larger following perceived sameness. Simulations confirmed that these errors were not explained by noisy encoding processes that occurred before comparisons. Instead, computational modeling suggested that these errors were likely explained by probabilistic replacement of the memory by the probe following perceived sameness and integration between the memory and the probe following perceived similarity. Together, these findings suggest that perceptual comparisons can prompt distinct forms of memory updating that have been described previously and may explain how memories become erroneous during their use in everyday behavior.
SOCIAL ACTION: An active ingredient promoting youth mental health
Authors: Steffen Mariana Willmersdorf , Martins Bruna , Simpson Katie , Bird Vicky , Lau Jennifer , Heritage Paul
Published: September 2022

Background and objectives: Social action refers to a set of coordinated actions that seek to promote positive change on a social (or political) issue that an individual feels passionate about and can include extracurricular prosocial activities (e.g. volunteering), local campaigns, and political activism. Here, we explored: 1) Does participation in social action associate with mental distress and well-being in young people? and 2) How does social action participation benefit mental health and well-being in young people? We also explored who could benefit from participation in social action and in which contexts social action programmes could be beneficial or harmful. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of studies where young people (14-24) self-reported their experiences of social action in relation to well-being or mental distress. Our search strategy, developed with input from academic experts, revealed 27 studies that used quantitative and qualitative methods. We also consulted stakeholders and young people with lived experience of social action on our research process and findings, weaving their perspectives into the report. Results: Findings from research studies and consultations suggested that participation in social action is related to lower levels of mental distress, such as depressive and anxiety symptoms, and higher levels of well-being. Social action improves well-being by developing empowerment, sense of community and interpersonal connections, as well as by providing a space for healing. Social action can be especially beneficial to marginalized youth. While a few studies suggested that social action can increase feelings of anxiety, stress and low self-esteem, especially in the absence of a safe and supportive environment, participatory methods suggested that overall, negative feelings were related to systemic inequities rather than to social action itself. Conclusions: This review reveals important insights to discuss, develop and implement programmes that consider social action as an effective alternative to enhance young people's well-being.
Sadder ≠ Wiser: Depressive Realism is not Robust to Replication
Authors: Dev Amelia Shepley , Moore Don A , Johnson Sheri L , Garrett Karin
Published: September 2022

The theory of depressive realism holds that depressed individuals are less prone to optimistic bias, and are thus more realistic, in assessing their control or performance. Since the theory was proposed 40 years ago, many innovations have been validated for testing cognitive accuracy, including improved measures of bias in perceived control and performance. We incorporate several of those innovations in a well-powered, pre-registered study designed to identify depressive realism. Amazon MTurk workers (N = 246) and undergraduate students (N = 134) completed a classic contingency task, an overconfidence task, and measures of mental health constructs, including depression and anxiety. We measured perceived control throughout the contingency task, allowing us to compare control estimates at the trial-level to estimates assessed at task conclusion. We found no evidence that depressive symptoms relate to illusory control or to overconfidence. Our results suggest that despite its popular acceptance, depressive realism is not replicable.
Filtering as a source of low-income housing in Australia: conceptualisation and testing
Authors: Nygaard Christian , van den Nouwelant Ryan , Glackin Stephen , Martin Chris , Sisson Alistair
Published: September 2022

This study investigated how filtering contributes to market-provided low-income housing in Australia. It critiques the conceptualisation of filtering as a source of housing for low-income households, tests for the presence of filtering dynamics in housing markets (using Melbourne and Sydney as case studies) and considers policy options for enhancing (if so desired) filtering as a policy tool. Filtering is a market-based process whereby the supply of new, higher quality dwellings for higher- and middle-income households may also lead to additional supply of dwellings for lower income households. As properties age and their perceived quality drops, over time they move down the economic hierarchy through successively lower market segments or sub-markets, becoming a supply of ‘naturally occurring affordable housing’.Research into Melbourne and Sydney market dynamics found filtering is incompatible as a reliable source of additional affordable housing for low-income households in Australian cities. To enhance the role that filtering can play in the provision of affordable housing for low-income households, both more supply and more responsiveness of new supply to market signals are needed. In addition, Policy options to better enable filtering to generate a supply of affordable housing for low-income households are likely to be impractical and politically undesirable.
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR PADA KELOMPOK PETANI KOTA
Authors: Mindhayani Iva
Published: September 2022

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat kepada Kelompok Petani Kota (KPK) yang berada di wilayah Kecamatan Kraton tepatnya di Suryoputran RT. 028 RW. 008 bertujuan untuk memberikan edukasi kepada masyarakat tentang pemanfaatan limbah rumah tangga dengan mengolahnya menjadi pupuk organik cair. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan dalam kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah dengan pemaparan materi dan praktik langsung pembuatan pupuk organik cair dari limbah kulit pisang.Â  Hasil dari kegiaan pelatihan pembuatan POC yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa acara berjalan sesuai rencana meskipun masih dalam kondisi pandemic covid-19. Selain itu,Â  pengetahuan masyarakat khususnya peserta pelatihan akan pupuk organik cair semakin meningkat. Hal tersebut terlihat dari hasil kuisioner yang diberikan sebelum dan sesudah pelatihan bahwa telah terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan dan pemahaman rata-rata sebesar 80%.
Cooperation Analysis of Tax-Base Sharing in the Twin Cities: School Districts, Human Resources, and Structural Justice
Authors: Backer David I.
Published: September 2022

This article introduces educational human resource researchers to Minnesota’s unique tax-base sharing program in the Twin Cities metro region. It also introduces a social justice methodology called cooperation analysis for school finance research, and specifically its concept of structural justice. The article applies cooperation analysis to tax-base sharing in the Twin Cities metro region, focusing on human resource expenditure and overall indicators. The analysis finds that the Twin Cities metro region has the highest overall cooperation of any metro region in relevant datasets and the second highest cooperation in human resource expenditure, making it a model to highlight and replicate nationally. However, the analysis also finds that overall cooperation around resource distribution need not imply cooperation in resource expenditure, specifically on human resources. Furthermore, tax-base sharing does not impact cooperation in student population imbalance, nor does it mitigate expropriation with respect to district debt service, trapping the regions’ districts in cycles of austerity.
Feline Ovarian Pedicle Ligation: A Comparison of Two Techniques Taught among AAVMC Institutions
Authors: Miller Kirk P. , Horvath Stephen J.
Published: September 2022

Ligation of the feline ovarian pedicle during ovariohysterectomy is achieved, principally, via one of the following methods: double ligation of the ovarian pedicle or autoligation of the ovarian pedicle, also known as the pedicle tie. The objective of this study was to assess and quantify two methods of teaching feline ovariohysterectomies, specifically ligation of the ovarian pedicle, at American Association of Veterinary Medical Colleges–accredited veterinary schools. Surveys were sent to 52 AAVMC member schools, with an overall response rate of 67.3%. Of the 35 schools that responded to the survey, 34 (97.1%) reported that they teach double ligation of the feline ovarian pedicle, whereas 17 (48.6%) of respondents reported teaching autoligation of the feline ovarian pedicle (2 respondents indicated that a single ligature is sufficient). Only 1 of the schools that reported teaching pedicle ties indicated that it did not teach double ligation of the ovarian pedicle; 16 of the 35 schools that responded to the survey (45.7%) reported teaching both techniques. The results indicate that significantly fewer institutions are currently teaching autoligation of the feline ovarian pedicle than those teaching double ligation of the feline ovarian pedicle.
Energy dose of flax seed treatment in a magnetic field
Authors: Savchenko V. , Sinyavsky О.
Published: September 2022

Pre-sowing treatment of flax seeds in a magnetic field makes it possible to improve seed sowing performance and increase flax yield without the use of mineral fertilizers and chemical plant protection products.

Compared to other electrophysical methods, pre-sowing seed treatment in a magnetic field is a highly productive, low-energy, safe method for service personnel and the environment.

It is now established that the yield and biometric indicators of crops depend on the dose of magnetic treatment.

Therefore, the aim of the study was to determine the optimal energy dose of flax seed treatment in a magnetic field.

An analytical expression for determining the energy dose of flax seed treatment in a magnetic field is obtained, which contains all the mode parameters of seed treatment. It is established that the energy dose of flax seed treatment in a magnetic field depends in direct proportion to the square of magnetic induction and polar division and inversely proportional to the velocity of seed movement in a magnetic field.

The conducted multifactorial experiment made it possible to determine the germination energy and germination of flax seeds at different energy doses of treatment. This made it possible to determine the optimal mode of flax seeds treatment in a magnetic field.

It is established that the optimal mode of pre-sowing treatment of flax seeds in a magnetic field is magnetic induction 0.065 T, four-fold re-magnetization, pole division 0.23 m, seed velocity 0.4 m/s, providing an energy treatment dose of 1.79 J · s/kg. With the optimal treatment of flax seeds in a magnetic field, germination energy increased by 30 %, germination - by 2 6%, stem length - by 10.5 %, straw yield - by 0.7 t/ha, seeds - 0.79 t ha.
The problem and neural network model of optimization of the farm sown areas structure
Authors: Bilonog A. , Bromot D. , Gnatienko G. , Snityuk V.
Published: September 2022

Optimization of agriculture is becoming a priority for the modern economy. Today it is important to take measures to form and develop in Ukraine both large agricultural enterprises and small farms. Managers of agricultural enterprises are constantly looking for rational and effective means to reduce costs, which involves the process of optimizing agriculture. However, previously established traditional cost accounting tools are becoming inefficient, time-consuming and inaccessible to business leaders, as qualitatively different means of fixing costs are needed to optimize agriculture.

The purpose of this work is to increase the profitability of crop production by developing neural network technology to optimize the structure of sown areas of the farm.

The objectives of the work are:

– to determine the factors influencing the profitability of crop production and the structure of the training set of crop data for previous years;

– to determine the structural elements and build a model to solve the problem of increasing the profitability of crop production, taking into account crop rotations;

– experimental verification of the developed technology using a set of training and control data samples.

To achieve the goals of the work were used: methods of mathematical modeling, methods of decision theory, evolutionary algorithms, neural networks.

To perform these tasks, the concepts of crop rotation were studied and auxiliary data tables were developed, containing information on the level of inexpediency of crops of the same crop, the level of inexpediency of crops of one crop after another. Based on these data, the coefficient of estimated crop yield was calculated. A set of data was formed containing information on 10 fields, each of which was randomly "sown" with agricultural crops, and based on the value of this crop and the coefficient of probable yield of the crop, the probable profit was calculated.

A genetic algorithm has been developed in which the value of fitness function was determined using a neural network trained in the generated data set.

On the generated data set, the operation of the algorithm was tested, which showed the effectiveness of the proposed technology.
AUTOMATED SYSTEM OF LUNG DISEASE DIAGNOSIS ON X-RAY IMAGES
Authors: Merkulova K. , Zhabska Y. , Stelmakh O.
Published: September 2022

Currently, automated detection of pneumonia in images is a priority in information technology. A promising option for solving this problem is the use of convolutional neural networks.

The purpose of the study is to develop an automated system for diagnosing pneumonia from X-rays.

This paper presents research and development of software for the automated system for analysis and classification of X-ray images of the lungs in order to automatically determine the signs of the disease, in particular pneumonia, which is most relevant due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This work is an example of the creation of a decision support system that is designed to assist a doctor to make decisions, analyze X-ray images of the lungs, classify them, and also allows to store all the necessary information about patients in one repository.

For the automated system software was developed using C# and the user interface development environment - WPF. During the implementation process there were used the MVVM architecture and ML.NET as a tool for the neural network setup.

Software was created based on the developed mathematical model through the integrated training of neural networks. To fulfill the main goal of software development, convolutional neural networks were used. As a result of the experiments, the coefficient of correctly recognized images was obtained – 97 %, which is close to the coefficient of recognition by a doctor.
TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC JUSTIFICATION OF EFFICIENCY OF CARBON SORBENTS BASED ON PINE SAWDUST FOR REMOVING OIL PRODUCTS
Authors: KALIVOSHKO O. M. , ROMANIUK W. , KALIVOSHKO M. F.
Published: September 2022

As shown in the work shows that due to the rapid growth of the number of machines, mechanisms, vehicles, the use of fuels and lubricants is constantly increasing. Despite all precautions, spills and flows of oil products occur in significant volumes, it has a negative impact on the ecological state of the environment. It has been proven how oil products pollute the soil and water environment when get into. Their cleaning depends on the choice of methods, means, measures, technologies and techniques. The method of sorption (absorption) is now becoming especially widespread. With the help of sorption, at relatively low costs, it is possible to provide effective cleaning of soil and water from oil products. The efficiency of carbon sorbents produced by carbonization from by-products of the wood industry, that is, pine sawdust, has been substantiated. The essence, processes, technologies, transformations in the production of carbon sorbents based on pine sawdust are shown. The physicochemical, structural and sorption properties of the pine sawdust, its fractions and carbon sorbents produced on it are presented. It has been revealed the ecological and economic advantages of carbon sorbents based on pine sawdust for cleaning from petroleum products in comparison with other cleaning methods.