bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rapid, field-deployable method for determination of seafood decomposition by compact mass spectrometry
Authors: Self Randy , McLendon Michael , Lock Christopher , Hu Jinxin
Published: April 2023

Seeking alternatives to sensory which can be performed in non-laboratory field environments has been a recent emphasis in regulatory assessment of seafood decomposition.  To this end, an international sampling effort produced samples of 23 different seafood products, which were subjected to controlled decomposition of varying levels on ice. This produced samples of each product for a wide range of decomposition states, and these were scored by a sensory expert on a standard 1-100 scale. Samples were then analyzed by a novel technique involving headspace analysis and compact mass spectrometry. The mass spectrometry data was used to create computer models, guided by the sensory data, to generate a calculated score analogous to a sensory score. Models based on a training set of samples were then used to calculate scores for a test set, and accuracy was assessed by comparing these calculated scores to original sensory data. Calculated scores agreed with sensory findings with respect to overall decomposition state for 96.3% of samples (n=547), with seven false positive (1.3%) and 13 false negative (2.4%) findings. Reproducibility was also assessed via triplicate analysis on separate days for low, middle, and high decomposition states. All sample ranges for these replicates were within 20 points, with 89% (n=66) within 15 points, 73% within 10, and 35% within five. Given the performance of the method, along with the small form factor and manageable operation requirements of the instrument as well as simplicity of sample preparation, this appears to offer a potentially useful technique for field testing of seafood decomposition.
Regulatory Compliance Monitoring Paradigms and the Relationship of Regulatory Compliance/Licensing with Program Quality: A Policy Commentary
Authors: Fiene Richard John
Published: April 2023

This policy commentary deals with two key issues within regulatory science related to the best methods for measuring regulatory compliance: Program monitoring paradigms and the relationship of regulatory compliance/licensing with program quality. Examples from program monitoring paradigms include: 1) Substantial versus Monolithic. 2) Differential Monitoring versus One size fits all monitoring. 3) “Not all standards are created equal” versus “All standards are created equal”. 4) “Do things well” versus “Do no harm”. 5) Strength based versus Deficit based. 6) Formative versus Summative. 7) Program Quality versus Program Compliance. 8) 100-0 scoring versus 100 or 0 scoring. 9) QRIS versus Licensing. 10) Non-Linear versus Linear. Examples from the relationship of regulatory compliance/licensing with program quality include: 1) “Do no harm” versus “Do good”. 2) Closed system versus Open system. 3) Rules versus Indicators. 4) Nominal versus Ordinal measurement. 5) Full versus Partial compliance. 6) Ceiling effect versus No Ceiling effect. 7) Gatekeeper versus Enabler. 8) Risk versus Performance.
Use of a Portable X-Ray Fluorescence Analyzer for Rapid and Accurate Determination of Iron in Vitamins and Supplements
Authors: Casillas Cassandra , Chew Swee , Lam Alex , Castillo Juan , Palmer Pete
Published: April 2023

This study describes the development of an X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) method to quantify iron in vitamins and supplements. Four different products and a NIST Standard Reference Material (SRM) were prepared by homogenizing 20 tablets in a mixer mill and diluting known masses of each sample into known masses of cellulose. Calibration standards were similarly prepared by diluting known masses of iron oxide into known masses of cellulose. Analyses were performed using a handheld XRF analyzer using one-minute analysis times. The method gave linear calibration curves with R2 values greater than 0.9995, and good accuracy as demonstrated by relative errors of 9% in the analysis of the NIST SRM. Experimentally determined concentrations of the samples were compared to the nominal concentration of the samples based on the mass of iron per tablet and the average tablet mass. XRF results gave relative differences of +4% and -4% for two iron supplements. XRF results gave a larger relative difference of -19% for the women’s vitamin product. Although the label on the men’s vitamin product stated it was iron-free, XRF and Microwave Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (MP-AES) analyses showed it contained iron levels of 157 and 133 µg/g (ppm), respectively. This XRF method offers a simpler, faster, and less expensive alternative to conventional atomic spectrometry-based methods for this type of application.
Aflatoxin Sampling and Testing Proficiency in the Texas Grain Industry
Authors: Herrman Timothy J. , Lee Kyung-Min , Jones Benjamin , McCormick Cynthia
Published: April 2023

Aflatoxin is a group I carcinogen and represents a significant public health and food safety risk throughout the world. Aflatoxin contaminated cereals and oilseeds that contain greater than 20 μg/kg of the toxin (B1, B2, G1, G2) are defined as adulterated by the Texas Commercial Feed Rules and are regulated by the Texas Feed and Fertilizer Control Service.  This study was performed to assess sampling and testing of maize for aflatoxin contamination. During 2010, 87 Texas grain elevators’ sampling procedures were assessed and a second investigation documented aflatoxin analysis procedures at 41 grain elevator establishments.  The average sample size was 1.8 kg (4 pounds) and fewer than 20% of the grain elevators collected samples using an official (prescribed) sampling pattern by the grain inspection, crop insurance or regulatory authorities within the United States. Proficiency samples were analyzed by 39 cooperating grain elevators and 7 firms accurately analyzed samples containing greater than 300 μg/kg aflatoxin. While sampling contributes to variability in measuring aflatoxin in grain, this study highlights that aflatoxin analysis using commercially available test kits is a major contributor to variation in aflatoxin test results among commercial grain handlers.
Engineering a pure Dirac regime in ZrTe$_5$
Authors: Facio Jorge I. , Nocerino Elisabetta , Fulga Ion Cosma , Wawrzynczak Rafal , Brown Joanna , Gu Genda , Li Qiang , Mansson Martin , Sassa Yasmine , Ivashko Oleh , von Zimmermann Martin , Mende Felix , Gooth Johannes , Galeski Stanislaw , van den Brink Jeroen , Meng Tobias
Published: April 2023

Real-world topological semimetals typically exhibit Dirac and Weyl nodes that coexist with trivial Fermi pockets. This tends to mask the physics of the relativistic quasiparticles. Using the example of ZrTe_55, we show that strain provides a powerful tool for in-situ tuning of the band structure such that all trivial pockets are pushed far away from the Fermi energy, but only for a certain range of Van der Waals gaps. Our results naturally reconcile contradicting reports on the presence or absence of additional pockets in ZrTe_55, and provide a clear map of where to find a pure three-dimensional Dirac semimetallic phase in the structural parameter space of the material.
Repensar la justicia global más allá del capitalismo
Authors: Garcia-Acevedo Juan Sebastián
Published: April 2023

Este artículo pretende mostrar que el discurso de la justicia global, tal y como se ha presentado en la tradición de la teoría política liberal, se encuentra poco capacitado para ofrecer respuestas satisfactorias frente al problema de la desigualdad global. Esta tesis se sustenta en la sujeción de dicha tradición al marco socioeconómico capitalista como un presupuesto y en su optimismo frente al discurso de los derechos, que limita, más que fortalece, sus posibilidades de proporcionar soluciones estructurales. Para desarrollar este trabajo se ha hecho uso del análisis de contenido de carácter cualitativo de textos; al ser una investigación de carácter teórico, se da prioridad a las fuentes documentales.
Identification of Collector Properties of Relaxational-deformable Gas Stratum Based on the Development History Data
Authors:   SOCAR, Oil and Gas Research and Design Institute, Khasay Azay ogly , Khalilov Mubariz Sevdimaly ogly ,   Baku State University, Kazymov Bunyad Zinhar ogly ,   Institute of Oil and Gas of the National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan
Published: April 2023

Improvement of efficiency of oil and gas reservoir development is directly connected with the reliability of the implemented development project, characterized by its full adequacy to the reservoir conditions. Such adequacy in designing the development of oil and gas reservoirs is most often ensured by providing comprehensive informativeness of the implemented reservoir hydrogasdynamic model, even with insufficient information about the physical and geological characteristics of the model. Due to the great diversity of these characteristics that directly affect development indicators, and the need to know them during the reservoir development process, the said adequacy of the implemented development project is established by using the effective algorithms, which maximally take into account these aspects of providing comprehensive informativeness of the implemented reservoir hydrogasdynamic model, one of which is the identification algorithm. The implementation of this algorithm can identify the physical and geological characteristics of the reservoir system hydrogasdynamic model being implemented, using the reservoir development data for the previous periods (according to the development history). In view of the above, the article proposes a method for identification of filtration-capacitative parameters of the relaxation-deformed reservoir based on the model of real gas filtration in the gas mode, using data from the development history. This technique makes it possible to simulate changes (to carry out identified determination) of permeability and porosity in all points of the relaxation-deformable gas reservoir, as well as to obtain a corresponding gas-dynamic predictive model of development.
Model Map and Multistability for a Two Predator-One Prey System
Authors:   Abo Akademi, Söderbacka Gunnar Johannes
Published: April 2023

This work contains a review of some important results on a known two predators - one prey system. We also add essential new numerical results on multiple attractors. We consider the case when the predators coexist. We distinguish two possibilities. The first is when the dynamics is well described by the dynamics of a one dimensional map. We discuss the main behaviour of this map. For small parameter regions the map can have two attractors but no more than two. We give a numerical example, when these two attractors exist in the original three-dimensional model. The second case is when this model map is not working and something like spiral chaos often occurs. We give numerical results showing that in this case there can be at least four different attractors and discuss the behaviour of these.
On the Discontinuity of Extreme Exponents of Oscillation on a Set of Linear Homogeneous Differential Systems
Authors:   Adyghe State University, Stash Aydamir Khazretovich
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we study the questions of the discontinuity of the extreme oscillation exponents on the set of linear homogeneous differential systems with continuous coefficients on the positive axis. The existence of points on a set of differential systems is established in which all the higher and lower exponents of the oscillation zeros, roots, and hypercorns are not only not continuous, but are not continuous either from above or from below. Moreover, the non-invariance of the extreme exponent of oscillations with respect to infinitesimal perturbations has been proved. When proving the results of this work, the cases of parity and odd order of the matrix of the system are considered separately.
A Regularized Asymptotic Solution of the Cauchy Problem for the Nonhomogeneous Schroedinger Equation in the Quasiclassical Approximation in the Presence of a "strong" Turning Point of the Limit Operator
Authors:   National Research University ", Eliseev Alexander Georgievich ,   Moscow Power Engineering Institute", Kirichenko Pavel Vladimirovich ,   National Research University "Moscow Power Engineering Institute"
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to the development of the regularization method by S.A. Lomov on singularly perturbed problems in the presence of spectral singularities of the limit operator. In particular, a regularized asymptotic solution is constructed for the singularly perturbed inhomogeneous Cauchy problem that arises in the quasiclassical approximation in the Schroedinger equation in the coordinate representation. The potential energy profile chosen in the paper leads to a singularity in the spectrum of the limit operator in the form of a <> turning point. Based on the ideas of asymptotic integration of problems with unstable spectrum, S.A. Lomov and A.G. Eliseev, it is indicated how and from what considerations regularizing functions and additional regularizing operators should be introduced, the formalism of the regularization method for the indicated type of singularity is described in detail, this algorithm is substantiated, and an asymptotic solution of any order with respect to a small parameter is constructed.
Secular Terms for the Kinetic Mckean Model
Authors:   Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Dukhnovsky Sergey Anatolievich
Published: April 2023

In this article, we investigate the kinetic McKean model. The perturbed solution of the Cauchy problem is sought in the form of Fourier series. The Fourier coefficients for the zero and nonzero modes are written out, respectively. The original system is reduced to an infinite system of differential equations. An approximation for the systems is constructed. Under certain assumptions, we find secular terms (non-integrable part). This, in turn, will allow us to prove for the first time the exponential stabilization of the solution in the future.
Impact assessment of climate change on water resources of the Kokcha watershed: a sub-basin of the Amu Darya river basin in Afghanistan
Authors: Alawi Sayed Amir , Özkul Sevinç
Published: April 2023

Climate change is one of the most concerning issues which mostly impacts water resources. This study aimed to investigate the Kokcha watershed under the effects of climate change. The study was performed utilizing the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) considering the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) scenarios in the periods of 2050–2059 and 2090–2099. The Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate (MIROC5) from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) was used to prepare future climate data. The temperature indicated a rising of +2.47 and +2.85 °C in 2050–2069 considering RCP4.5, and +3.38 and +5.51 °C based on the RCP8.5 scenario through 2080–2099. Precipitation showed a −30 and −17.17% decrease based on RCP4.5, and a decrease of −9.28 and −4.52% considering RCP8.5 in the mentioned periods, respectively. The historical runoff peak shifted a month earlier with a −54.56 and −25.98% decrease considering RCP4.5 and a −29.18 and −6.45% based on the RCP8.5 scenario in the mid and end of the century accordingly. Alternatively, a second river flow peak takes shape due to rainfall in July. This study's result can be used to adapt water management to climate change in the Kokcha watershed and similar regions.
La temática del cuerpo en la filmografía de Francois Truffaut
Authors: Muñoz Felipe
Published: April 2023

En este trabajo nos proponemos analizar y relacionar la temática del cuerpo en parte de la filmografía del director francés François Truffaut. Para esto, nos serviremos de dos obras cinematográficas: Los 400 Golpes y Jules et Jim, y repasaremos en ellas conceptos como el amor y la violencia vistos desde la perspectiva y dirección de este aclamado director, gran representante de la nueva ola francesa. Sin embargo, antes de comenzar con nuestra revisión, repasaremos la posibilidad de analizar filosóficamente el cine para así, una vez defendida dicha posibilidad, hacer un recorrido a los films rastreando en ellos la utilización y presencia del concepto de cuerpo, siendo examinado desde la filosofía. Finalmente, este director nos parece adecuado traer a colación debido a su nivel artístico y filosófico según los temas tratados en sus trabajos, por lo que con este análisis realizaremos una discusión renovada y actual contribuyendo al debate filosófico y al estudio fílmico con sus conceptos utilizados.
La infinitud del mundo, la visión de Edith Weil y Simone Stein
Authors: Moya Patricia , Novoa Alejandra
Published: April 2023

Este artículo presenta los vínculos entre el pensamiento de Edith Stein y Simone Weil, ambas destacadas filósofas del siglo XX, respecto a la concepción de la ciencia y técnica moderna. La tesis que guiará nuestro trabajo es que las dos pensadoras recuperan la concepción de la ciencia como contemplación del orden del mundo. Esta perspectiva permite cambiar la mirada fisicalista con respecto a la naturaleza y detener los daños que la excesiva intervención de la técnica ha provocado en la naturaleza. De este modo, la ciencia se transforma en puente que conduce al Creador. En el trabajo, se analizan los conceptos de finalidad; la consideración del espacio y la geometría como integradores de la realidad; la percepción como origen del conocimiento y la dimensión trascendente de la ciencia. Cada uno de estos aspectos es analizado desde la óptica del orden intrínseco de las cosas y de la persona dado por el Creador.
Piperidine Nucleus as a Promising Scaffold for Alzheimer’s Disease:
Current Landscape and Future Perspective
Authors: Grover Parul , Rohilla Suman , Bhardwaj Monika , Mehta Lovekesh , Malhotra Anjleena
Published: April 2023

Heterocycles and their derivatives hold an important place in medicinal chemistry due to
their vast therapeutic and pharmacological significance and wider implications in drug design and
development. Piperidine is a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic moiety that exhibits an array of
pharmacological properties. This review discusses the potential of piperidine derivatives against the
neurodegenerative disease Alzheimer’s. The incidences of Alzheimer’s disease are increasing nowadays,
and constant efforts are being made to develop a medicinal agent for this disease. We have
highlighted the advancement in developing piperidine-based anti-neuronal disease compounds and
the profound activities of some major piperidine-bearing drug molecules with their important target site.

:

This review focuses on advancements in the field of natural and synthetic occurring piperidines active
against Alzheimer’s disease, with emphasis on the past 6 years. The discussion also includes
the structure-activity relationship, the structures of the most promising molecules, and their biological
activities against Alzheimer’s disease. The promising activities revealed by these piperidinebased
scaffolds undoubtedly place them at the forefront of discovering prospective drug candidates.
Thus, it would be of great interest to researchers working on synthesizing neuroprotective drug candidates.
Pericholecystic Varices as the Predominant Manifestation in Cryptogenic Portal
Hypertension: A Case Report
Authors: Tong Meng , Gao Yanli , Jia Feiyu , Liu Jinghua
Published: April 2023

Background:

Portal hypertension has various manifestations, and varices are a common manifestation. Varices can appear in any vein in the body associated with the portal venous system.

Case Presentation:

Herein, we report a case of portal hypertension with gallbladder varices as the main manifestation, which was confirmed by abdominal contrast-enhanced CT with three-dimensional reconstruction and color Doppler ultrasonography. The patient had concomitant liver cirrhosis and portal vein thrombosis. Various auxiliary examinations and biochemical indicators of the patient confirmed liver cirrhosis, portal vein thrombosis, and portal hypertension, all of which were mild and did not reach the decompensation stage.

Conclusion:

As illustrated by this case, when there is an embolism in certain parts of the portal system, portal hypertension can appear during the compensatory period and transition into severe varices in the thrombotic part during the de-compensatory period.
Hollow Fiber Carbon Molecular Sieve Membranes for Gas Separation: A Mini Review
Authors: Nie Jing , Li Haibo
Published: April 2023

Owing to the advantages of rapid adsorption and desorption characteristics, excellent
gas separation performance, as well as good thermal and chemical resistance, carbon molecular
sieve (CMS) membranes have been developed as a promising gas separation tool. Over the past 30
years, hollow fiber carbon molecular sieve (HFCMS) membranes have become the preferred
choice for industrial applications due to their high surface area-to-volume ratio and the ability to
assemble lightweight membrane modules. The gas transport mechanism behind the HFCMS is
dominated by molecular sieving function. They can be prepared by pyrolysis of the polymeric
hollow fiber precursors. Post-treatments can tailor the ultramicropores structure to improve the
separation performance. This paper aims to review the recent progress in the preparation of
HFCMS membranes from aspects of precursor selection, pyrolysis conditions and post-treatment.
Moreover, a brief perspective in terms of future investigation of HFCMS membrane is also proposed.
Advances in Two-dimensional (2D) Inorganic Chiral Materials and 2D
Organic-inorganic Hybrid Chiral Materials
Authors: Zhang Wenyan , Guan Hangmin , Hu Yingfei , Wang Wei , Liu Fei , Yang Xiaoli , Hao Lingyun
Published: April 2023

Recently, two-dimensional (2D) materials have gained immense attention, as they are
promising in various application fields, such as energy storage, thermal management, photodetectors,
catalysis, field-effect transistors, and photovoltaic modules. These merits of 2D materials are
attributed to their unique structure and properties. Chirality is an intrinsic property of a substance,
which means the substance can not overlap with its mirror image. Significant progress has been
made in chiral science, for chirality uniquely influences a chiral substance's performance. With the
rapid development of chiral science, it became unveiled that chirality not only exists in chiral organic
molecules but can also be induced in 2D inorganic materials and 2D organic-inorganic hybrid
materials by breaking the chiral symmetry within their framework to form 2D chiral materials.
Compared with 2D materials that do not have chirality, these 2D inorganic chiral materials and 2D
organic-inorganic hybrid chiral materials exhibit innovative performance due to chiral symmetry
breaking. Nevertheless, at present, only a fraction of work is available which comprehensively
sums up the progress of these promising 2D chiral materials. Thus, given their high potential, it is
urgent to summarize these newly developed 2D chiral materials comprehensively. In the current
study, to feature and highlight their major significance, the recent progress of 2D inorganic materials
and 2D organic-inorganic hybrid materials from their chemical composition and categories, application
potential associated with their unique properties, and present synthesis strategies to fabricate
them along with discussion concerning the development challenges and their bright future
were reviewed. This review is anticipated to be instructive and provide a high understanding of advanced
functional 2D materials with chirality.
Current Status of Imaging Diagnosis and Treatment of Subcentimeter
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Huang Peng , Xiao Yuyao , Zhou Changwu , Wu Fei , Yang Chun , Zeng Mengsu
Published: April 2023

Significant advances in liver imaging technology have facilitated the early detection of
subcentimeter hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Contrast-enhanced ultrasound, computed tomography,
and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to diagnose subcentimeter HCC
based on the typical imaging features of HCC. Ancillary imaging features such as T2 weightedimaging
mild-moderate hyperintensity, restricted diffusion, and hepatobiliary phase hypointensity
may improve the diagnostic accuracy of gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI for subcentimeter
HCC. More information is needed to choose between immediate treatment or watchful waiting in
subcentimeter HCC. Surgical resection, ablation, and transarterial chemoembolization are effective
and safe methods for the management of subcentimeter HCC.
Liquid Biopsy for Early Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Current
State and Future Perspectives
Authors: Jiang Huiqin , Yang Wenjing , Jin Anli , Wang Hao , Li Tong , Xian Jingrong , Chen Wei , Ding Ling , Wang Beili , Guo Wei
Published: April 2023

Liquid biopsies in cancer have received considerable attention as new biomarkers and
subjects of clinical translational research. Liquid biopsy-derived biomarkers, including circulating
tumor cells, cell-free nucleic acids, exosomes, tumor-educated platelets, proteins, and metabolites,
have shown enormous potential to improve the sensitivity and specificity in early diagnosis of multiple
cancer types, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Several analytes are already used in
HCC clinical trials and are currently under investigation with encouraging preliminary results. This
article will review the latest studies on liquid biopsy for early diagnosis and screening of HCC and
discuss the current advantages and challenges of liquid biopsies in tumor biomarkers and clinical
applications. In the future, the validation of large prospective clinical studies, the development of
standardized operating procedures, and the integration of other diagnostic tools will open new avenues
for applying liquid biopsy in early cancer detection.
Biological Importance and Therapeutic Potential of Calycopterin
from Dracocephalum kotschyi: An Overview of Current Scientific
Research Work
Authors: Patel Dinesh Kumar , Patel Kanika
Published: April 2023

Background:

Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss is an important medicinal plant of
Asia, Europe and Iran. The therapeutic potential of Dracocephalum kotschyi has been mentioned
in traditional as well as in modern medicine, mainly due to its therapeutic effectiveness
against different types of human disorders and associated secondary complications.
Calycopterin is a flavonoid class phytochemical commonly called 5,4-dihydroxy-3,6,7,8-
tetramethoxyflavone, which has been isolated from Dracocephalum kotschyi. It is widely
used for the treatment of human disorders and associated secondary complications. Medicinal
importance and therapeutic potential of calycopterin was investigated in the present work
through scientific data analysis of different research works. Scientific data on calycopterin
published in different research articles were collected from PubMed, Google, Google Scholar,
Science Direct, SpringerLink, and Scopus and analyzed in the present work. Further, scientific
data was also collected from books and book chapters. Analytical data on calycopterin
was also collected and analyzed in the present work. Scientific data analysis of different
research work revealed the biological importance and therapeutic potential of calycopterin.
Calycopterin showed therapeutic effectiveness against different types of cancerous disorders,
including human prostate cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer, lymphocyte proliferation
and hepatoblastoma cancer. Moreover, the biological effectiveness of calycopterin on neuroprotection
and Pseudomonas aeruginosa has also been discussed in the present work with
their pharmacokinetic parameters. Nevertheless, more scientific investigations must be conducted
to explore the health-beneficial aspects of calycopterin in medicine. Present work
signified the biological importance and therapeutic potential of calycopterin for the treatment
of human disorders and complications, including different types of cancerous disorders.
La educación frente a las desigualdades: reflexiones y propuestas de acción desde un análisis y experiencia comparativos entre México y España
Authors: Jasso Alfieri Romina Denise
Published: April 2023

El presente trabajo es el resultado de la intervención de su autora en la mesa de diálogo Retos de la educación en Iberoamérica en el siglo xxi, celebrada el 24 de noviembre de 2021 en el marco del I Encuentro del Pensamiento Iberoamericano, el cual tuvo lugar en la Universidad Internacional de Andalucía, campus La Rábida. El nombre elegido para la mesa dio comienzo a una reflexión profunda sobre lo que podemos entender por la educación, porque la realidad nos demuestra que no podemos hablar de ella en singular, sino que tenemos que hablar de una serie de educaciones, un heterogéneo número de aproximaciones públicas y privadas a la promoción del aprendizaje de niños, jóvenes y adultos que forman parte de los países iberoamericanos.

Se puede pensar que este mosaico de formas de concebir y de promover el aprendizaje y, a su vez, el desarrollo personal y social, está enmarcado a nivel nacional, y que los países, al ser tan diversos los unos de los otros, tienen maneras distintas de concebir la realidad educativa para la totalidad de su territorio. Sin embargo, al hacer un análisis al interior de cada país, nos daremos cuenta de que el mosaico es igualmente diverso internamente, lo que se debe primordialmente a que la educación es el reflejo de sociedades diversas y desiguales, siendo también promotora de dichas desigualdades debido, en gran parte, a la creciente presencia de la educación privada y a la creciente sectorización de la educación pública, que es sumamente distinta dependiendo de las características del contexto de la escuela (el barrio, la zona de la ciudad, la región nacional, el espacio geopolítico internacional, etc.).
Repetitive Description Techniques and Classical Novel Teaching Methods of Sukhyangjeon
Authors:   Korean Language & Literature, Gim Sun-jae
Published: April 2023

This study examined the repetitive description parts of Sukhyang's hardships in Sukhyangjeon, and considered why these repetitive descriptions appear in Sukhyangjeon. In addition, I considered ways to use these repetitive description parts in classical novel education. In Sukhyangjeon, the journey of Sukhyang's hardship is repeatedly presented through the utterances of various characters including Sukhyang. This repetitive description can be seen as the author's technique to assist readers' memory, who may forget the plot or confuse the sequence of the journey due to the nature of the long novel and many hard journeys experienced by Sukhyang. Also, I think that the author aimed at the effect of emphasizing the tragic situation of Sukhyang more by continuously presenting the hardships experienced by Sukhyang. The repetitive description parts appearing in Sukhyangjeon can be used for Classical novel education. I summarized these into three categories. First, the importance of repetitive learning can be emphasized. In the process of reading the repetitive description parts, Learners can learn the details of Sukhyang's journey contents naturally due to the effect of repetition, without intentionally memorizing the contents of Sukhyangjeon. By mentioning this point, the importance of repeated learning can be emphasized. Second, it can help to understand the narrative structure of the novel. The repetitive description part is the Sukhyang’s life story and the plot of the novel. The learner can easily understand the narrative structure of the novel by naturally organizing the contents of the novel in the process of reading the repetitive description parts. Third, it can help to understand the world view of the work. The learner can easily understand the world view of Sukhyangjeon through the Taoist characteristics of the characters appearing in the repetitive description parts.
Estimating genetic parameters of maize hybrids and parents under different plant densities (Combining ability for yield and some other traits for maize Zea mays L.)
Authors: H. Hadi Banan , A.Hassan Wajeeha , K. Alshugeairy Zainab , Alogaidi Faez F.
Published: April 2023

A field experiment was carried out in the fields of the Field Crops Department - Faculty of Agricultural Engineering Sciences. The study included five inbred lines (ZM43W (ZE), ZM60, ZM49W3E, ZM19, CDCN5), given numbers 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5) to study the hybrid vigor and both general and special combing ability (GCA, SCA) of the half diallel mating method, for the spring and fall seasons (2016). The genetic analysis shows that all crosses gave a positive hybrid vigor for grain yield per unit area at the two population densities. the highest value is 116.20% for cross (3´5 )at low density, and 89.22% for cross( 1´4 )at high density. The hybrid vigor for all crosses is positive at two densities for dry matter yield, crop growth rate and ears weight. The highest value is 81.31%, 96.30% and 131.45% at high density for these traits for the cross (1´2), respectively. Also, this cross gave the highest value at high density for grain yield per plant (170.61%) and (85.43%) for no. of grain plant-1. The general combining ability in two densities for all studied traits. The highest positive value was (48.949) for parent 3 at low density. All values of s2sca are more than values of s2gca, and all values of s2D are more than all values of s2A. For this, all h2n.s. were low. It ranges from 1.88% for the crop growth rate to 18.82% for no. of rows ear-1 at low density and between -0.38 for the crop growth rate to 41.42 for 300-grain weight at high density. Because the values of s2D are higher than values of s2A, the values of the ratio of s2gca/s2gsca were less than one, while the value of were mor than one. This indicates that all these traits are influenced by dominance genes, and the importance of the non-additive gene action and its large contribution to the inheritance of these traits.

Keywords: maize, combining ability, heritability, genetic parameters.
Immune-protective effect of topical paquinimod administration against imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like inflammation in mice
Authors: Abdulsalam Khaleel Raghad , Hashim Zalzala Munaf , Rashid Yasir W.
Published: April 2023

Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory condition that primarily affects the skin, hair, and joints and is associated with significant humanistic and economic consequences. This work induced psoriasis in mice using an imiquimod 5% cream, an immune response modifier that can cause psoriasis-like skin inflammation when given orally. Paquinimod is prepared as an ointment and has been topically given to mice before imiquimod application. In this study, albino mice were allocated into five groups and treated as follows: the control group received only a daily application of cream based on shaved back (62.5mg/2cm) with a daily topical dose of ointment for 14 consecutive days with the oral vehicle. The Imiquimod group received a daily topical dose of vehicle one hour before imiquimod 5% application on shaved back (62.5mg/2cm) for 14 consecutive days. The paquinimod-treated group received daily topical doses of paquinimod one hour before imiquimod 5% application on shaved back (62.5mg/2cm) for 14 consecutive days. Clobetasol -treated group received a daily topical dose of clobetasol ointment (62.5mg/2cm) one hour before imiquimod 5% application on shaved back (62.5mg/2cm) for 14 consecutive days. Paquinimod, the only group that received a daily oral dose of paquinimod for 14 consecutive days. The current study found that the administration of paquinimod ointment resulted in a significant decline in TNF-α, IL-23, IL17 level, reduced psoriasis area and severity index, spleen index, skin thickness, and gene expression of TNF-α, Nf-KB, IL-1B, IL-17in the (Paquinimod ointment+imiquimod) group substantially more than that in the (vehicle ointment+imiquimod) groups. In conclusion, paquinimod has a powerful ameliorating effect that can reduce the IMQ-induced psoriasis-like inflammation in a mouse model. As a result, we have every reason to believe that paquinimod will be utilized to treat psoriasis.

Keywords: Psoriasis; Paquinimod; Imiquimod; IL-23; IL-17; TNF-α.
DOPPLER INDICES OF FETAL MIDDLE-CEREBRAL AND UMBILICAL ARTERIES IN NORMAL 28–40 WEEKS PREGNANCIES
Authors: SUMAN ANJALI , JENY MISS , KUMAR SANTOSH , BHARTI SUBHRA
Published: April 2023

Objectives: The aim of the study was to establish normative data for the pulsatility index (PI), resistive index, and cerebro placental ratio of umbilical artery (UA), and fetal middle cerebral artery (MCA) of Indian pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy using multiples of the median and percentile reference range.
Methods: It was a cross-sectional study; the study was carried out at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Radiology in MGM Medical College and LSK Hospital, the tertiary care and teaching hospital. A total of 200 cases were enrolled for this study. Patients with Singleton low-risk pregnancies with confirmed gestational age, normal anatomy, normal estimated fetal weight, and born at term with birth weight between 10th and 90th percentile and gestational age was based on LMP date, corrected if required by trimester first/second (Before 20 weeks) fetal sonographic parameters were included in the study.
Results: We found from 28 weeks to 39 weeks of gestational age, MCA PI showed a significantly positive correlation with the cerebro-placental ratio (CPR) 40th week of gestational age. We found no significant correlation. While from 28 weeks to 40 weeks of gestational age, UA PI showed a significantly negative correlation with the CPR.
Conclusion: Doppler ultrasound is used as a part of the clinical protocol in the surveillance of pregnancies. The UA and MCA Doppler indices and CPR are currently used to modify the scheduling of antepartum surveillance and, in some cases, to timely delivery of the compromised fetus. Researchers measured the pulsatility, resistivity, and cardiac indices of the UA and the fetal MCA between 28 and 40 weeks of gestation to establish a normal range.
ASSESSMENT OF CLINICAL FACTORS AND SERUM TESTOSTERONE ABOUT ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION IN HIV-INFECTED MEN
Authors: KUMAR SANTOSH , MORKAR DNYANESH , C AKASH , SUMAN ANJALI
Published: April 2023

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess and correlate serum testosterone (ST) levels with erectile dysfunction (ED) and associated risk factors in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive men.
Methods: The present correctional study was conducted among 75 HIV-positive patients. The study subjects were analyzed for ST levels and evaluated for ED using the international index of erectile function (IIEF-5). IIEF score was compared across depression severity assessed using a patient health questionnaire. Other variables, including age, the cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4+) count, antiretroviral treatment therapy, body mass index, and HIV duration, were also correlated with ED concerning ST levels.
Results: The prevalence of ED among HIV-positive patients was 96%. The majority (54.67%) of patients had mild-moderate ED. Hypertension was found in 14.67% of the study population. The mean IIEF score was 16.15±2.93. The relationship between depression severity and IIEF score was statistically significant (p<0.001). A weak positive correlation between CD4+ count and ED was found when ST was average (rs: 0.316, p=0.163). There was no correlation between age and abnormal ST and ED [rs: −0.459, p=0.003]
Conclusion: The prevalence of ED and its effect on ST levels could help in better management among HIV-infected males. Mild-moderate depression played a significant role in causing ED in association with ST levels. The study suggests that testosterone supplementation, along with optimum treatment of depression in HIV patients, can be fruitful in treating ED.
ORGANISMS CAUSING OSTEOMYELITIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN AMONG PATIENTS SEEKING CARE ATA TERTIARY CARE ORTHOPEDIC CENTER
Authors: Jhamnani Rohit , Gupta Aakansha , Verma Divya
Published: April 2023

Objective: The objective of this study was to study the organisms causing osteomyelitis and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern from a tertiary care teaching hospital located in a region of Madhya Pradesh.
Methods: Fifty clinically diagnosed cases of osteomyelitis visiting the medical college and seeking care for the same in orthopedics department during the study period formed the study population. Pus samples were collected and sent to microbiology laboratory for culture and testing of their antimicrobial susceptibility as per the standard guidelines.
Results: Out of 50 water samples gathered, 25, 14, and 11 samples of water were gathered from municipal tap water, government hand pump, and water cooler separately. Close to half of the examples were viewed as inadmissible. Escherichia coli was viewed as answerable for 26% of tests while Pseudomonas in 1/5th of gathered examples. Staphylococcus aureus, 14 (87.5%) were found resistant to Penicillin-G. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 14 (100%) were found resistant to ampicillin, whereas more than half cases were found be resistant to antibiotics, namely, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and cephotaxime, respectively.
Conclusion: We observed changes in the patterns of isolated organisms and the establishment of higher levels of antibiotic resistance among bacterial isolates in osteomyelitis cases. It is imperative that monitoring be prioritized to track etiological changes and to adhere to a single health policy to stop the multidrug-resistant bacteria threat.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STATUS AND CLINICAL PROFILE OF ACCIDENTAL CHILDHOOD POISONING CASES ADMITTED IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL OF EASTERN INDIA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO AWARENESS OF PARENTS
Authors: MISRA SHILADITYA , PUITANDI SAMPRITI , BISWAS LINKON , BISWAS KOUSTAV , GHOSH TARAPADA
Published: April 2023

Objectives: Accidental poisoning is one of the major medical emergencies in paediatric population, specially among under five children. However, there is still lack of clinicodemographic data mostly due to under-reporting of events. In this study, we analyzed the clinicoepidemiological profile as well as awareness of parents in respect to childhood poisoning cases admitted in our institute.
Methods: Children aged up to 12 years admitted in our hospital with accidental poisoning between January 2020 to June 2021 were included in this study. We collected their demographic, epidemiological and clinical data, analyzed, and compared these with data from other parts of India as well as world.
Results: About 87% of children were under 5 years of age with a male dominance (male: female was 1.3:1). Majority of children (65%) were from lower socioeconomic class and 66% of parents had no knowledge or ignorant about the poisonous substance. Hydrocarbons like-kerosene oil (44.5%) followed by drugs were the most common substance related to poisoning. Cough (23.7%) followed by vomiting (21%) was the most common presenting symptom and cardiorespiratory abnormalities were most common (49%) finding on clinical examination. About 5% of children died due to poisoning or its related effects.
Conclusion: It can be said that negligence and ignorance from the side of caregivers play the most important role in such calamities. Community-based childhood poisoning prevention program and simple preventive measures like education to the parents, proper storage of household items, and proper placement of drugs could be helpful in preventing mortality and morbidity in children with poisoning.
ROLE OF RETICULOCYTE HEMOGLOBIN CONTENT IN DIAGNOSIS OF IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA
Authors: Pattanayak Asisha Kumar , Jali Siba Narayan , Tripathy Diptimayee , Behera Nisarg , Behera Bijaya Kumar
Published: April 2023

Objectives: Anemia is a global problem of immense health significance affecting persons of all ages and economic groups. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common type of anemia met with in clinical practice. For IDA diagnosis, estimation and treatment, many indices such as serum iron (SI), total iron binding capacity (TIBC), serum ferritin (SF), and soluble transferrin receptor assay are used. But reticulocyte hemoglobin content (CHr) is called as the gold standard for diagnosing IDA as it is the most valuable screening tool for identifying IDA with a sensitivity of 94% and specificity 80% and differentiates IDA from anemia of systemic disease. The present study was undertaken to evaluate CHr as a most efficient marker in diagnosing IDA.
Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out in the Department of General Medicine of M.K.C.G. Medical College and hospital, Berhampur, Odisha, India, from October 2017 to October 2019. Sixty microcytic hypochromic patients of either sex >18 years of age admitted in the medicine ward fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in this study. After taking detailed history and clinical examination, laboratory investigations including complete blood count, SI, serum, ferritin, serum transferrin saturation, TIBC, CHr, and bone marrow aspiration with iron stain were done in all patients.
Results: In the study group of 60 patients, 10 (16.66%) patients had mild anemia, 17 (28.33%) had moderate anemia, and 33 (55%) had severe anemia. Mean hemoglobin of the patients was 6.86 g/dL and SD was 1.95 g/dL. Nineteen (31.66% patients) had TIBC in the range of 351–400 μg/dl. Mean±SD of serum TIBC was 333.91±67.26 μg/dL. Thirty-nine patients (65%) had transferrin saturation in the range of 0.1–10%. The mean±SD of the study group was 13.68±3.22%. Fifty (83.33%) patients had SF in the range of 0–100 μg/dL. Twenty-three patients (38.33%) had CHr concentration between 15.1 and 20 pg followed by 19 (31.66%) between 20.1 and 25 pg and 18 (30%) between 25.1 and 30 pg. The mean±SD of this study was 22.14 pg±3.92.
Conclusion: CHr is found to be a potential biomarker that can be used to differentiate IDA from other causes of anemia.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY METHOD FOR THE ESTIMATION OF POSACONAZOLE IN FORMULATION
Authors: Jain Vandana , Nikam Shubham
Published: April 2023

Objective: The study aims to developed and validate novel high performance thin layer chromatographic method for estimation of posaconazole in tablet dosage form and validate as per the international conference on harmonization (ICH) guidelines.
Methods: The method was developed on silica gel 60 F254 HPTLC plates and the mobile phase was used as toluene: chloroform: ethanol in ratio (5:4:1 V/V/V). Densitometric analysis of Posaconazole was performed at the wavelength 265 nm.
Results: The RF of Posaconazole was found to be 0.331. The calibration curve was found to be linear in the concentration range of 100–500 ng/band. The correlation coefficient is 0.9991 for Posaconazole. The precision result was found to be satisfactory, which indicate that the method is precise. The recovery value lies in the range of 98–102% indicating the accuracy of the method.
Conclusion: A new, simpleaccurate, fast, economic, precise, and robust high performance thin layer chromatographic method was developed for the estimation of Posaconazole. The method is selective, specific it was applied in pharmaceutical analysis of Posaconazole tablet dosage form.