bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Current clinical and pathogenetic characteristics of patients with chronic pancreatitis depending on biological age and smoking
Authors: Babinets Liliia , Halabitska Iryna , Shevchenko Nataliia , Zemlyak Olexandr , Onufryk Zoreslawa , Migenko Bogdan , Levchuk Rostyslav
Published: February 2025

Aim: To investigate the relationships between age, smoking status, inflammatory markers, and endotoxicosis in patients with chronic pancreatitis, focusing on C-reactive protein (CRP) and middle molecular peptides, specifically MMP254 and MMP280.
Materials and Methods: The study involved the examination of 108 patients diagnosed with chronic pancreatitis. These patients were categorized by age according to the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Additionally, patients were stratified based on smoking status. Key biochemical markers were assessed, including fecal α-elastase, medium molecular weight peptides, and C-reactive protein levels. This approach allows for a comprehensive evaluation of how age and smoking may influence the course of chronic pancreatitis, while also considering the diagnostic value of these specific biomarkers in monitoring pancreatic function and inflammatory responses in these patients.
Results: A statistically significant impact of age on fecal α-elastase, C-reactive protein, and medium molecular peptides levels has been identified. Additionally, smoking has been shown to exacerbate pathological changes in these markers.
Conclusions: these findings underscore the necessity for individualized treatment approaches that consider age and smoking history, particularly in older patients. Future research should further explore the underlying mechanisms linking these variables to chronic pancreatitis, with an emphasis on the long-term effects of smoking cessation and interventions targeting inflammatory markers and endotoxicosis. This understanding is crucial for enhancing management strategies and improving the quality of life for patients suffering from chronic pancreatitis.
Mindfulness in nature: Promoting mental health and well-being for young children
Authors: Argyriadis Alexandros , Argyriadi Agathi , Kopanakis Emmanuel , Vieira Isabel , Louvaris Konstantinos , Mammi Zoi , Drakopoulou Olga , Koutras Panagiotis , Ioannidou Louiza , Patelarou Athina
Published: February 2025

Aim: This study aimed to assess the effects of mindfulness practices conducted in natural settings on the mental health, emotional regulation, and attentional focus of young children (ages 6-15) and their teachers in Greece, Cyprus, and Portugal.
Materials and Methods: A mixed-methods design was employed, combining quantitative data from the MiNa (Mindfulness in Nature) scale with 673 children and 220 adults as well as qualitative interviews with 20 children and 20 teachers across the three countries. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and paired t-tests to measure pre- and post-intervention changes, while qualitative data was examined through thematic analysis to capture nuanced experiences and perceptions.
Results: Findings revealed significant improvements in emotional awareness, attentional focus, and stress reduction for both children and teachers. Children reported higher levels of emotional regulation and connection to their surroundings, while teachers experienced reduced stress and enhanced classroom dynamics. Cross-cultural comparisons indicated that nature-based mindfulness practices provided universal benefits, though participants from all countries
Greece, Portugal and Cyprus.
Conclusions: Nature-based mindfulness interventions demonstrate promising outcomes in promoting emotional well-being, cognitive focus, and stress resilience for young children and adults. The findings underscore the potential of integrating mindfulness in nature into early childhood education as a holistic approach adaptable to diverse cultural and environmental contexts.
Resilience factors of ukrainian students in the conditions of a war situation
Authors: Kolіadenko Nina V. , Mykhailyuk Inna V. , Shopsha Mykola M. , Shopsha Olena L. , Zhyvaho Khrystyna S. , Turynina Olena L. , Drevitska Oksana O.
Published: February 2025

Aim: To investigate the peculiarities and factors of resilience of students’ personalities in the conditions of martial law.
Materials and Methods: A total of 248 students of universities (Kyiv, Ukraine) participated in the study (126 undergraduate students and 122 master’s students). The following psychodiagnostic methods were used: Connor–Davidson resilience scale-10; Investigation of the level of reactive and personal anxiety of the Spielberger-Hanin personality; “Coping behavior in stressful situations”; Test of emotional intelligence MSCEIT-V 2.0.
Results: The results of our study showed that the ability to perceive, evaluate, identify and express emotions in master’s students is more developed than in undergraduate students, which determines the choice of more optimal coping strategies and a higher level of individual resilience.
Conclusions: It has been established that the long-term stressogenic influence of martial law causes a decrease in the level of resilience of students, insufficient compliance of their coping strategies and non-constructive coping behavior, an increase in the level of reactive anxiety and tension and exhaustion of adaptation resources, which justifies the need for appropriate psycho-corrective and psycho-prophylactic measures. The results of the study can be used to increase the resilience of students as a factor of ensuring the effectiveness of the educational process in the conditions of martial law.
Meta-analysis of studies on the mental state of ukrainian students under martial law
Authors: Savchuk Borys P. , Snitovska Olga Y. , Vintoniak Oksana V. , Koval Petro M. , Fedchyshyn Nadiya O. , Fedoniuk Larysa Ya. , Bilavych Halyna V.
Published: February 2025

Aim: To develop and test a methodology for conducting a meta-analysis of studies on the mental state of Ukrainian students under martial law to determine and summarise their results.
Materials and Methods: The developed methodology of meta-analysis involves: determining the criteria for inclusion/exclusion of materials published by Ukrainian researchers in February 2022 – April 2024; search, selection, and assessment of content and quality; selection and interpretation of interdisciplinary analytical and operational meta-analysis tools (the concept of Effect Zize and Standardised Index; Fixed- and Random-Effects Models; chi-square and Q homogeneity test; actor-observer asymmetry effect; standard PHQ-9 GAD-7 methods); assessment of statistical heterogeneity of research results; preparation of a meta-analytical report.
Results: The search resulted in 135 articles on the issue. After the initial processing, 43 studies were selected for further analysis. They were structured and characterised according to the following criteria and features: types of research; time it was conducted; its authors; participants in sociological and experimental studies. The reflection of the dominant mental states (stress, anxiety, fear, depression, oppression, pessimism, confusion, apathy) in empirical, empirical-analytical, and experimental studies has been determined. The results of studies of mental states in the fields of medicine, psychology, etc.,have been characterised. A meta-analysis of studies that reflect the impact of mental states on students’ attitudes to the learning process and allow tracking the dynamics of changes in their mental reactions at different stages and phases of martial law in Ukraine and related to evacuation has been carried out.
Conclusions: based on the results of the studies that became the subject of the meta-analysis, the general reactions that arose in students as a result of traumatic experience have been identified: stress, anxiety, fear, anger, guilt, shame, helplessness, etc. They had a corresponding impact on the effectiveness of their academic performance.
Cadets’ physical development and functional state during the different types of motor activity
Authors: Prontenko Kostiantyn , Okhrimenko Ivan M. , Cherednichenko Serhiy V. , Tomenko Oleksandr A. , Pasko Olha M. , Prudka Liudmyla M. , Matiienko Tetyana V.
Published: February 2025

Aim: The aim is to investigate the impact of the different types of motor activity on the indicators of cadets’ physical development and functional state during their training.
Materials and Methods: The research, which was organized in 2019-2023, involved 145 male cadets, aged 17 to 23. We formed three groups of cadets. Group 1 (n=29) included cadets who were engaged in orienteering, cadets of Group 2 (n=84) were engaged in other sports (strength sport, all-around, martial arts, game sports), cadets of Group 3 (n=32) were engaged in the traditional method of training. The physical development was assessed by height, body weight, chest circumference, hand dynamometry, body mass index, the Bruksch index, and strength index. The functional state was assessed by heart rate, blood pressure, vital capacity of the lung, the Ruffier index, vital index, the Robinson index.
Results: We found a more positive effect of orienteering training sessions, compared to the traditional method of training, on the studied indicators of cadets. At the same time, no significant difference was found between Groups 1 and 2. This indicates that both orienteering and other types of motor activity are more effective in improving the physical development and functional state of cadets during their training.
Conclusions: A high level of physical development and functional state of cadets will help to improve the effectiveness of their educational and future professional as well as combat activities.
Herbal medicine in Poland and abroad: A narrative review of the current status and future directions
Authors: Kiedrowski Miroslaw
Published: February 2025

The article reviews the current state of phytotherapy in Poland, considering various global trends. It highlights the issues, limitations, and challenges confronting this field and its numerous controversies. The significant problems hindering the development of phytotherapy are inconsistent legislation and a lack of strong scientific evidence that meets modern standards.
TESTING HETEROSCEDASTICITY OF THE RUSSIAN AND INDIAN TRADE TURNOVER MODEL: THE BREUSCH-PAGAN TEST
Authors:   Doctor of Economic Sciences, Professor, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Babeshko Lyudmila O. , Kharitonov Denis A. ,   Student of the Faculty of Information Technologies and Big Data Analysis, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2025

The paper considers the construction of a model of trade turnover between Russia and India based on annual data from 2000 to 2023. The main macroeconomic factors are included in the model as regressors: India's GDP, the price of Brend oil, the exchange rate of the US dollar. To check the residuals of the model for heteroscedasticity, the Breusch-Pagan test, which is a Lagrange multiplier test (ML test), was used. The paper presents the derivation of the test statistics based on the problem of maximizing the logarithmic likelihood function with restrictions. One of the advantages of the test is the ability to adjust the detected heteroscedasticity within the framework of the weighted least squares method with weights calculated through the estimate of the endogenous variable of the auxiliary model.
APPLICATION OF PROBABILISTIC MODELS AND MATHEMATICAL STATISTICS IN THE FIELD OF ENSURING ECONOMIC SECURITY OF AN ENTERPRISE
Authors:   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilina, Russian Federation, Krasnodar, Zhminko Albina E. , Basanets Ilya N. ,   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilina, Russian Federation, Krasnodar, Starodubtsev Sergey A. ,   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilina, Russian Federation, Krasnodar
Published: February 2025

The economic security of a company is a key factor in its successful operation and adaptation to changing market conditions. In the context of increasing globalization and constant volatility on global markets, enterprises are exposed to various risks that can negatively affect their financial health and stability. This highlights the need to develop effective methods to minimize these risks. In this regard, the application of probability theory and mathematical statistics is becoming an indispensable tool for studying and managing a variety of threats, which contributes to strengthening the level of economic security. In this article, we will explore in detail how these methods can be adapted and implemented into the processes of ensuring the economic security of organizations, as well as demonstrate their practical significance.
DETECTION OF ILLEGAL TRANSACTIONS USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK METHODS
Authors:   Postgraduate student, Higher School of Engineering and Economics, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia, Jinghan Kang , Kochinev Yuriy Yu. ,   Doctor of Economics, Professor, Higher School of Engineering and Economics, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: February 2025

Money laundering threatens the healthy development of the economy, generates and encourages corruption, and leads to social injustice. The traditional approach to money laundering monitoring to counter this phenomenon does not work in real time. In this regard, it is very important to identify money laundering transactions using artificial neural networks. The paper considers the process of neural network modeling, which consists in preprocessing data, extracting features that can be used as input data for a convolution neural network, using extracted features to build an artificial neural network for transactions, evaluating the effectiveness of the model in terms of accuracy and F-score. The paper shows that the anti-money laundering system from illegal transactions, developed using convolution neural network technology, not only increases the efficiency of practitioners, but also effectively combats economic and financial crimes, contributing to the harmonious development of the economic market.
SDLC AND ITSM IT SERVICE MANAGEMENT METHODOLOGIES TO CREATE A SINGLE STREAM OF CUSTOMER VALUE IN A PRODUCT IT COMPANY
Authors:   1st year Master's Degree, Faculty of Technology Management and Innovation St. Petersburg National Research University ITMO, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Tishin I.Yu. , Libchenko M.V. ,   1st year Master's Degree, Faculty of Information Technologies and Programming St. Petersburg National Research University ITMO, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Sazhneva L.P. ,   Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor of the Faculty of Technological Management and Innovation St. Petersburg National Research University ITMO, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: February 2025

In the article, the authors consider the integration of methodologies – the software development lifecycle (SDLC) and IT service management (ITSM). The authors focus on how combining these approaches can lead to the creation of a seamless value stream that meets customer needs and optimizes development and support processes. In the article, the authors emphasize the importance of joint work of development and support teams to achieve a high degree of user satisfaction and improve the quality of services provided. The main differences between SDLC and ITSM are considered, as well as ways to integrate them, including creating a unified information environment and automating processes. Key fact such as change management, user feedback, and continuous improvement are highlighted as critical to the successful implementation of an integrated approach. In conclusion, the article argues that product companies that are able to effectively combine practices.
METHOD OF EMULATING A POINT CLOUD COLLECTION PROCESS FOR AN OBJECT BASED ON ITS POLYGONAL MODEL, TAKING IN THE ACCOUNT THE PARAMETERS OF THE SCANNING DEVICE
Authors:   P.G. Department of Digital Technologies and Information Systems, Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Faculty of Control Systems, Informatics and Electric Power Engineering, Department of Digital Technologies and Information Systems, Moscow, Russia, Aleksandrov Aleksandr A. , Maksimov Aleksey N. ,   Senior Lecturer department of Digital Technologies and Information Systems, Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Faculty of Control Systems, Informatics and Electric Power Engineering, Department of Digital Technologies and Information Systems, Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2025

In the process of implementing machine vision systems in industrial production, the problem of classifying a large number of types of parts often arises. The number of types can be thousands or even tens of thousands of classes. To solve these problems, various methods are often used, such as neural networks, motion detectors, TOF sensors. This paper proposes an object segmentation method based on object location relative to the camera. The data obtained using this method, including threedimensional coordinates of segmented areas, can be used for further classification of the object. The paper describes the segmentation method, the principle of system calibration, and an experiment on object segmentation.
POSSIBILITIES OF APPLYING GRAD-CAM IN THE DEEP LEARNING-BASED DIABETIC RETINOPATHY GRADING
Authors:   Junior Research Fellow, Dubna State University, Dubna, Russia, Volkov Egor N. , Averkin Alexey N. ,   Ph.D., Associate Professor, Lead Research Fellow, Dubna State University, Dubna, Russia
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a study on the application of the explainable AI method Grad-CAM to interpret the decisions of a VGG-16 neural network model trained to classify stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in fundus images. The model achieved high classification accuracy, and Grad-CAM enabled visualization of the image regions that the model relied upon. It was shown that the model highlights key DR features such as microaneurysms and exudates. Despite its limitations, Grad-CAM proved to be a useful tool for increasing the transparency of the neural network's operation and can contribute to a deeper understanding of the pathophysiology of DR.
PROTECTING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND EXPLAINABLE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FROM ADVERSARIAL ATTACKS
Authors:   Postgraduate Student, Assistant of the Department, Dubna State University, Dubna, Russia, Shevchenko Alexey V. , Averkin Alexey N. ,   Ph.D., Associate Professor, Lead Researcher,Dubna State University, Dubna, Russia
Published: February 2025

The paper examines attacks on the input of a neural network (AI and XAI) that lead to loss of functionality or the state of security of the neural network. Modern approaches and methods for protecting neural networks from competitive attacks, as private attacks on the input, are presented.
Environmental safety management circuit of business entities
Authors:   State Biotechnological University, Larina Тetiana , Vitkovskyi Yurii ,   Academy of Silesia
Published: February 2025

The article aims to substantiate the need to create and develop an environmental safety management circuit for business entities to minimize environmental risks, increase competitiveness, and ensure sustainable development. The results of the study are presented, indicating the importance of integrating the environmental circuit into the management of business entities, given the high potential of the specified strategy in acquiring signs of sustainability within the framework of leading global trends, which allows for forming long-term market advantages. Within the framework of the presented approach, environmental risks arising in the process of economic activity are considered, and measures are developed to prevent and minimize them. The environmental management system consists of environmental impact assessment, monitoring of environmental indicators, use of renewable energy sources, waste reduction, and optimization of production processes in the direction of a circular economy. One of the main elements of integrating environmental goals into the enterprise management strategy is using the ESG approach, which includes environmental, social, and management elements. Environmental standards and regulations, such as ISO 14001, are presented as a tool for reducing negative environmental impact and improving the reputation and competitiveness of enterprises in the market. Within the environmental safety contour development framework, interaction with stakeholders is considered, among which state bodies, local communities, investors, consumers, and public organizations play a unique role. It is noted that at the macro level, the environmental safety of enterprises affects the development of the national economy through the integration of international standards and norms, as well as using innovative technologies to reduce negative environmental impact. The interaction between the micro and macro levels in the system of impulse factors for forming the environmental safety contour of business entities is presented through the adaptation of internal processes to external challenges.

Keywords: environmental safety, economic safety, business entities, management, sustainable development, ESG strategy.
Problems and prospects of improving state regulation of sustainable development in the conditions of globalization
Authors:   Odesa National University of Technology, Nikoliuk Olena , Bendasiuk Oleh ,   Institute of Agroecology and Environmental Management of NAAS, Demchenko Alina ,   Odesa National University of Technology, Denysiuk Tetiana ,   State Scientific Institution «Institute of education content modernization»
Published: February 2025

The article examines current problems and prospects for improving state regulation of sustainable development in the context of modern globalization processes. Globalization, which covers the economic, social and environmental spheres, on the one hand, opens up new opportunities for countries through international cooperation, exchange of technologies, access to new markets and innovations. On the other hand, it exacerbates several challenges, such as the uneven distribution of resources, increased environmental threats, the dependence of national economies on external markets, growing inequality in society and excessive depletion of natural resources. The study analyzes key economic, environmental and social barriers that hinder the effectiveness of implementing sustainable development policies. In particular, the problem of insufficient financing of innovations in the field of the “green” economy, unbalanced priority of economic growth over environmental sustainability, as well as low coordination between states in solving global problems, such as climate change and environmental degradation, is considered. Particular attention is paid to the prospects for improving state regulation using a systemic approach. The article proposes tools to increase the effectiveness of state policy, including tax incentives for enterprises that implement environmental innovations, increasing investments in renewable energy, reforming the regulatory framework considering international standards, as well as the development of digital tools for monitoring the implementation of environmental programs. The authors emphasize the importance of increasing the role of international cooperation, exchanging experience between countries, creating unified platforms for the development and implementation of sustainable development policies. The importance of educational and information campaigns to popularize the principles of environmentally responsible behavior and sustainable consumption among the population is also emphasized. It is determined that only harmonious interaction between economic, social and environmental aspects can ensure long-term balanced development. Thus, the proposed recommendations are aimed at forming an effective state mechanism that will allow countries to adapt to the challenges of globalization and contribute to achieving sustainable development goals at the national and global levels.

Keywords: sustainable development, government regulation, globalization, environmental policy, economic growth, climate change, “green” economy, social inequality, international cooperation, innovation, resource efficiency, renewable energy.
Mobile Banking, Customers’ Loyalty, Retention, and Satisfaction in Nigeria: Study Case of the Nigerian Banking Sector
Authors:   Dr. Isibor Areghan, Dr. Jude Idemudia Okoh, Dr. Ehikioya B. I., Dr. Iheme-Onyeka Victory and Dr. Achugamonu B. U.
Published: February 2025

The research investigated how mobile banking adoption by Nigerian banks has aided the banks’ customer satisfaction and retention. The study made use of five deposit money banks in Nigeria namely Guaranty Trust Bank (GTB), Zenith Bank PLC, United Bank of Africa PLC (UBA), First Bank of Nigeria PLC, and Access Bank PLC, all located in Ota, Ogun state. A total of 150 questionnaires were administered and 100 responses were received. It also analyzed and interpreted results obtained from the field using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) regression analysis. Findings revealed that mobile banking had a positive and significant impact on customer satisfaction, customer retention, and customer loyalty. The study therefore recommended amongst others that Bank managers should also improve other factors that contribute to good mobile banking platforms, for example, fast internet access and USSD codes, in order to improve the performance of mobile banking and attract customers.
Rice (Oryza sativa) Farmers’ Knowledge about Effects of Climate Change in the North East Region of Ghana
Authors:   Richard Duncan Nkrumah and Wisdom Harrison Kofi HORDZI
Published: February 2025

The study surveyed rice (Oryzae sativa) farmers to determine their knowledge and perceptions about effects of climate change on rice farming in the North East Region of Ghana. Two hundred respondents were randomly sampled from four communities to respond to a questionnaire. Reliability of the questionnaire was determined with Cronbach’s Alpha reliability coefficient of 0.793. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. It was revealed that 89.5% of respondents agreed that climate change is caused by natural and anthropogenic factors. Observable effects of climate change on rice farming stated are, changes in temperature and precipitation patterns (mean of4.58); high risks to rice production (mean of 4.64) and continuous negative effect on rice storage (Mean of 4.16). Adaptation challenges faced by farmers include inadequate capital (Mean of 5.68) and lack of access to water for irrigation (mean of 5.84). In all cases differences among the mean responses were statistically significant (p<0.05). Though the farmers had very high knowledge about many of the effects of climate change on rice farming, there were equally a number of cases of wrong understanding of issues. A way out is for agricultural extension officers to have well designed education programmes for educating farmers on climate change and its effects on rice farming.
Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Propolis: Insights into its Chemical Profile and Pharmacological Activities
Authors:   Karthik K V, Esha Joshi, Hiram Saiyed, Milan Dabhi and Urja Desai
Published: February 2025

Propolis is a natural adhesive produced by honey bees. This study explored two extracts, methanolic and ethanolic, prepared through Soxhlet extraction and maceration, respectively. The antioxidative, antibacterial, and anticancer properties of these extracts were assessed. For quantification, flavonoid, phenolic, and tannin contents were determined in both extracts. The antioxidant properties of the extracts were evaluated using DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays. Antibacterial susceptibility test of the extracts was performed to evaluate their efficacy against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Both extracts have also shown anti-cancer activity as well on leukemic cell line and hence can be taken into consideration for further pharmacological investigations along with their clinical applications.
Qualité de vie, Coût de Santé, et Prise en Charge de la Diarrhée Dans la ville D’abéché (T Chad)
Authors:   Dombor Djikoloum Dingao and Al-Hassan Saleh Mahamat
Published: February 2025

La ville d’Abéché connait de graves problèmes d’assainissement exposant les habitants à d’importants risques sanitaires. Parmi ces maladies, Les maladies diarrhéiques constituent un problème majeur de santé publique pour les habitants. Ces derniers doivent faire face quotidiennement au double poids des charges de maladie et de la pauvreté économique. Cette étude vise à évaluer le niveau de vie de la population de la ville d’Abéché, la performance de la prise en charge versus coût du traitement des maladies diarrhéiques. La qualité de vie de la population, a été estimée par le modèle de la méthode de proximité d’estimation de la qualité de vie de AssakoAssako René Joly. Les données socioéconomiques des ménages, des quartiers, et de la ville sont collectées dans les archives de la Commune d’Abéché. Une enquête ménage a été réalisée auprès d’un échantillon de 550 ménages. Les résultats indiquent que les différentes aires de santé ont des mauvaises qualités de vie (0,175 pour aire de santé A. E. Badawi, 0,282 pour Salamat, 0,1872 pour Djatinié, 0,325 pour Islamique, 0,125 pour Taiba, 0,425 pour Kamina). Les coûts directs associés aux diarrhées représentent en moyenne 4000F à 8000FCFA. Le stress économique lié à cette maladie est d’autant plus important que les populations vivent avec moins d’un dollar US par habitant par jour couplé à une faible assistance de la part de la communauté.
Ringworms with Case Presentation
Authors:   Dr. Rekha Naik, Shubham Hanumant Mohite, Divya Rohidas Kamble, Pallavi Mane, Mohommed Sohel and Dipika Malve
Published: February 2025

Ringworm (Tinea) is a fungal infection affecting the skin, hair, or nails. It is caused by dermatophytes, a group of fungi that thrive on keratin in the outer layers of the skin.
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (Gerd)
Authors:   Dr. Ashish Jaiswal, Raut Manisha, Sadgir Harshal, Shaikh Muskan, Shinde Neha and Shinde Sonali
Published: February 2025

Gastroesophageal disease is a common condition seen in world. Is a chronic GI condition characterised
by regurgitation of gastric content into oesophagus. It is characterized by the symptoms of
Regurgitation and Heartburn. Gastroesophageal disease caused due to the disruption of esophagogastric
junction barrier this leads to the exposure of oesophagus to gastric acidic content this leads to
GERD.Gastroesophageal disease are classified into 3 phenotype:1) Barrett esophagus2) Non erosive
reflux disease3) Erosive esophagitis GERD is one of the most commonly diagnosed digestive disorders
in US with the prevalence of 20%.
Impact of Social Media on Mental Health
Authors:   Dr. Ajay Kumar
Published: February 2025

Social media has revolutionized communication, offering users unprecedented connectivity and access to information. While these platforms provide numerous benefits, they also pose risks to mental health. This paper explores the multifaceted impacts of social media on mental health, examining both positive and negative dimensions. The study investigates key factors such as anxiety, depression, self-esteem, and addiction, while also analyzing potential mitigative strategies. Evidence from empirical studies and theoretical insights underscores the need for a balanced approach to social media use.
Comparação de Métodos de Estimativa dos Dias Parados em obras de Engenharia Rodoviária em Função das Chuvas
Authors:   Álvaro José Back, Rodrigo de Souza Germano, Fabiano Cardoso de Souza and Gabriel da Silva Souza
Published: February 2025

A ocorrência de chuvas impacta as atividades de engenharia, como terraplanagem e construção de estradas ou obras hidráulicas. A determinação dos dias parados é importante para a elaboração do cronograma de execução e também na estimativa dos custos e orçamentação da obra. O presente estudo teve como objetivo aplicar e avaliar os resultados obtidos por diferentes metodologias para a estimativa dos dias parados. Foi utilizada a série histórica de precipitação do período de 1977 a 2022, da estação pluviométrica de Araquari (SC). Foram calculados os dias parados usando os critérios de Mendes (2006), Mattos (2015) e a metodologia usada no Sicro (DNIT, 2017). A análise dos resultados evidenciou que a diferença do método de Mendes e Sicro deve-se fundamentalmente pela duração da jornada de trabalho diária considerada no método do Sicro.
Development and Evaluation of Pumpkin Orange Based Jelly
Authors:   Anshika Pandey and Dr. Neha Mishra
Published: February 2025

The objective of this study was to develop pumpkin-based jelly and evaluate its sensory and nutritional properties. The jelly was prepared by combining pumpkin and orange in different ratios: T1 (75:15), T2 (70:20), and T3 (65:25). Sensory evaluation for suitability of consumption was conducted using a nine-point hedonic scale. Proximate analyses, including moisture, ash, and protein content, were performed following AOAC 2010 nutritional guidelines. Vitamin C and carotenoid content for all treatments were also analyzed using a modified AOAC method.The results indicated that all formulations were acceptable based on sensory scores. Among them, T3 (65g pumpkin + 25g orange + 8g sugar + 2g pectin) exhibited superior nutritional composition compared to T1 and T2. The nutritional profile of T3 included moisture (26.21%), ash (3.69g), protein (1.4g), fat (0.14g), carotenoids (36.2 mcg), crude fiber (0.49g), and vitamin C (22.4%).
Regional Integration and Employment in West African Economic and Monetary Union: an Analysis Through Okun’ s Law
Authors:   Siriki COULIBALY, Malick Ousmane TRAORE and Essossolam PAKOUPETE
Published: February 2025

The objective of this study is to analyze the advent of the extension of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU), pooling the monetary and economic policies for the eight member countries towards an employment union. For this, a convergence of the employment dynamics of the member countries is necessary. The study implements Okun's law, which establishes an inverse relationship between growth and unemployment, to determine the Okun coefficients of the member countries and analyze their proximity. It appears that the WAEMU zone is not currently an optimal employment zone, however a core is emerging and the proximity of the Okun coefficients with the expected sign indicates the viability of a possible employment union project.
Reduction of Water Usage for Irrigation of Lawn Trees and Bushes by 30% in the Sahara Region, Africa
Authors:   Dr. Emmanuel Richard
Published: February 2025

Water scarcity and land degradation are serious challenges in the Sahara Region, requiring innovative solutions for sustainable and efficient water use. This research was conducted with the objectiveto achieve a 30% reduction in irrigation water usage for lawn trees and bushes by integrating advanced irrigation management tools. In this study, smart irrigation tackles that encompass the Internet of Things (IoT), water stabilizer formulations, and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for precision monitoring and control of irrigation processes were used. These technologies enhanced water use efficiency by controlling evaporation and runoff, ensuring targeted application, and applying water at appropriate times and places. Lean Six Sigma techniques were employed to identify and address inefficiencies in conventional irrigation systems, including excessive water usage, evaporation losses, and breakdowns of equipment. The project’s interventions resulted in 28% reduce in daily water consumption, 15% improvement in irrigation efficiency, and enhanced plant health metrics, including 55% increase in soil moisture retention and 33% improvement in foliage density. These results highlight the dual benefits of water conservation and improved ecological outcomes. Challenges such as extreme environmental conditions, logistical constraints, and technological limitations were encountered. Strategies including to use of heat-conductive materials, solar-powered IoT devices, and community engagement mitigated many of these issues, demonstrating the adaptability and resilience of the implemented solutions. This study underscores the potential of integrating advanced irrigation tools with process optimization frameworks to combat water scarcity in arid regions. The findings provide a replicable model for sustainable water management and offer valuable insights for similar regions, including the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. Subsequent research needs to investigate the durability and cost issues to ensure the robustness and affordability of these technologies and promoting their integration with renewable energy sources for long-term water sustainability.
Fungal Deterioration of Monument with Special Reference to Aspergillus: A Case Study
Authors:   Sanjay Prasad Gupta and Sachin Kumar Agnihotri
Published: February 2025

Fungal ability to produce pigments and organic acids has crucial role in discoloration and degradation of different types of stone in cultural property. Additionally, stone objects may support novel communities of microorganisms that are active in bio-deterioration process. This investigation focuses on mycological analysis of microbial bio-film from Queen’s Mosque at Sarangpur, Ahmedabad of Gujarat State made of sandstone, and which was heavily colonized by fungi. The 12 fungal flora including filamentous micro fungi with specific distribution on sandstone substrate were isolated. During the investigation period it was observed that Aspergillus sp. was found as common. The identified micro fungi cause discoloration, as well as mechanical exfoliation of building stone material that was analyzed through mechanical hyphae penetration and production of dark pigments and organic acids.
Online Travel Reviews and Tourist Destination Choices: An Extension of the Information Adoption Model
Authors: Islam Md. Tariqul , Herjanto Halimin , Kumar Jeetesh , Amin Muslim
Published: February 2025

Online reviews (OR) are essential in influencing tourists’ decision-making processes. Therefore, this study investigates how online travel reviews impact tourists’ destination choices. Using a quantitative research approach, 308 usable responses were collected through a purposive sampling technique from individuals in Bangladesh and analyzed through PLS-SEM. The findings revealed that besides perceived review usefulness, factors such as perceived review quality, perceived review diagnosticity, and perceived review credibility significantly influence tourists’ online review adoption. Additionally, review adoption was found to influence destination choice. However, perceived review trust does not moderate the relationship between review adoption and destination choice. Theoretically, this study expands the Information Adoption Model by integrating destination choice as an outcome and perceiving review trust as a moderating factor. It further refines the model by highlighting the role of perceived diagnosticity in review adoption. This study provides several practical implications for stakeholders in Bangladesh’s tourism industry.
Interpretation of Schedule When Changes in Conditions: A Case Study of Price Adjustment in the Lampung Extra High Voltage Overhead Line Construction Contract
Authors: Wisnuaji Haryo , Sami’an S. , Hardjomuljadi Sarwono
Published: February 2025

This normative legal research analyzes disparities in interpreting work execution timelines in implementing the price adjustment clause in the Lampung EHV Overhead Line Construction Contract, which were complicated by significant changes in circumstances. The change in the transmission line route caused delays, triggering differences in viewpoints between PLN and the contractor regarding the cut-off for price adjustment calculations. The contractor argues for using factual indicators of work completion, referring to the doctrine of rebus sic stantibus. Meanwhile, PLN adheres to indicators related to the initial commitment based on the principles of pacta sunt servanda and nemo auditur. This research uses statute, conceptual, and case approaches to examine the Lampung EHV Overhead Line Construction Contract. The research findings show that neither approach, if applied rigidly, produces a fair cut-off. Therefore, this research formulates normative parameters that link the cut-off to the most relevant indicator, plus an adjusted duration that considers the impact of changes in circumstances and internal contractor factors. These parameters aim to achieve contractual justice, legal certainty, and objective, transparent, and accountable implementation of price adjustment based on the principle of good faith.
The Current Conflict in Sudan and the Quest for a Final Solution for the People of Nuba Mountains
Authors: Aluou Ayuel Monyluak
Published: February 2025

The current conflict in the Nuba Mountains, which started immediately after the secession of South Sudan in 2011, is a result of the cumulative grievances shared by the people of African descent, generally referred to as people of the marginalized areas in Sudan. The policies pursued by the political elite in Sudan after the country attained its independence from Britain in 1956 were the main causes of the first and second civil wars.  The people of the Nuba Mountains joined the Movement (SPLA/M) because of its national agenda, as crafted by the late John Garang in 1983, with the legitimate expectation that through armed struggle they would achieve their freedom. However, the peace processes that resulted in the signing of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) did not address such a desire. This led to the resumption of armed struggle based on the same principles as enshrined in the SPLM’s Manifesto of 1983. But in as much as creating New Sudan as the basis for a final solution would be in conflict with the prevailing system of beliefs in the country there will be a need for an alternative option that would satisfy the desire for freedom of the people of Nuba Mountains. Generally, the purpose of this article is to provide a better understanding of the nature of the current conflict in the Nuba Mountains and how it should be resolved
Anti-democratic and racist legacy of policing misdemeanors: A critical literature review of the broken windows theory
Authors: Litmanen Heini
Published: February 2025

James Q. Wilson and George L. Kelling’s broken windows theory has been claimed to change policing in the United States by shifting focus from serious crimes to misdemeanors. Others view the theory as a form of reinstalling vagrancy laws that criminalized African Americans after the abolition of slavery. Through a critical literature review, this article discusses the theory’s theoretical and historical precursors. The theory’s wish to return to an earlier period of policing through wide police discretion and lack of procedural oversight over police work advances anti-democratic and racist goals calling for reduced civil rights for the “undesirables.” By relying on strategic colorblindness in their history-telling, the theory portrays itself as race-neutral while contributing to racist policing. This article will also contribute to a less discussed aspect of the theory’s approval of community and vigilante policing. Approval of policing by groups historically responsible for racial violence and terror further speaks to the colorblind racism of the theory, leading to dangerous implications for communities of color. Finally, the article will discuss the misdemeanor system as a continuation of vagrancy laws and tie the broken windows theory to punitiveness and anti-democratic ideas firmly rooted in the history of the United States.
Yleisesitys Itä-Saksan historiasta
Authors: Wilska Juho
Published: February 2025

Kirja-arvostelu teoksesta
Katja Hoyer: Muurin takana. Itä-Saksan historia 1949–1990. [Beyond the Wall.] Suom. Mari Janatuinen. Atena, 2023. 550 s.
Suomalaisen poliitikon ja oikeustieteilijän elämäkerta – Heikki Halila kokoaa yhteen T. M. Kivimäen monipuolisen elämän
Authors: Kolumäki Juha
Published: February 2025

Helsingin yliopiston siviilioikeuden emeritusprofessori Heikki Halila paikkaa merkittävää historiantutkimuksen aukkoa ensimmäisellä elämäkerralla julkisoikeuden professorista, pitkäaikaisesta pääministeristä ja sodanaikaisesta Berliinin-lähettiläästä Toivo Mikael Kivimäestä. Elämäkerta nostaa vahvasti esiin Kivimäen merkittävän oikeustieteellisen uran ja liittää sen varsin tasapainoisesti yhteen hänen poliittisen uransa kanssa.
Koukussa kirjoihin
Authors: Pihlajaniemi Elise
Published: February 2025

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Nurses’ Knowledge and Practice Regarding Patient Care Post Cardiac Catheterization at Selected Hospitals in Khartoum State 2023
Authors: Mohammed Khalid Hussein Khalid
Published: February 2025

Background: Cardiac catheterization is diagnostic and therapeutic therapy for cardiac diseases but has potential complications that could affect the life of the concerned patient. These complications need early identification and to prevent issues of inequality with regard to standardized care policies, qualified staff is required. 
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the present knowledge and practice of the nurses in the selected hospitals of Khartoum State regarding the post-cardiac catheterization care in the year 2023. It also aims to establish what affects their knowledge and practice in Cardiac wards and ICUs. 
Method: Cross-sectional quantitative study was carried out in Omdurman, Elshab and Ahmed Gasim Hospitals from October 2022 to March 2023. Quantitative data was obtained from a structured questionnaire while the data analysis was made using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 26.0. 
Results: 17(37.8%) participants had unsatisfactory knowledge and practice, and about 30 (66.7%) were satisfied regarding patient care after cardiac catheterization. About 35% of participants had low awareness and experience.
Conclusion:  Nurses’ knowledge needs frequent replenishment, and, thus, it is suggested to implement training more often to address the topic of the post-cardiac catheterization care.