bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“If a man dared act for himself”: Family Romance and Independence in Frances Burney's Cecilia
Authors: Woodworth Megan
Published: December 2009

Concerns about agency and independence are expressed throughout Frances Burney's Cecilia (1782). Though Cecilia's struggle for autonomy is an obvious concern, Burney examines this problem by investigating the independence of men. When read in conjunction with contemporary debates about the war in America, the imperial project, and the state of the nation and its (male) citizens—a context invited by the terms of Belfield and Monckton's debate—this discussion clearly sets the political stakes for the public and private actions of men in the novel. While “things as they are” ultimately triumph at the novel's end for both men and women, the costs of this victory are carefully calculated, and the subdued ending suggests Burney's dissatisfaction with the status quo.
Judging Journal Prices
Authors: Day Colin
Published: December 2009

Journal prices have long been a matter of controversy. Lacking has been any objective information on costs that could be used to judge whether price increases have been justified by rising costs. Using a rare, publicly available set of data for the American Economic Review, the premier journal in economics, this article normalizes costs for number of issues per annum, number of pages per issue, and print quantities per issue to construct an index for the costs of producing this journal. It shows that costs have in fact increased more slowly than the general rate of inflation and argues that the cost experience of this journal provides a reference point for academic journals generally.
Academic Search Engine Optimization (ASEO)
Authors: Beel Jöran , Gipp Bela , Wilde Erik
Published: December 2009

This article introduces and discusses the concept of academic search engine optimization (ASEO). Based on three recently conducted studies, guidelines are provided on how to optimize scholarly literature for academic search engines in general, and for Google Scholar in particular. In addition, we briefly discuss the risk of researchers' illegitimately ‘over-optimizing’ their articles.
Making Asset Management Work
Authors: McNinch Terance , Colling Timothy
Published: December 2009

Although the concepts of transportation asset management are generic in nature, the adoption of asset management by local agencies (counties, county road commissions, cities, villages, towns, and townships) takes shape in as many ways as there are types of agencies. Asset management adoption brings about a melding of engineering, finance, and agency culture, with politics and accountability to the taxpaying public. Michigan is using an innovative approach to help local agencies incorporate the principles of asset management in their transportation management process–-focusing first on pavements and later moving on to other assets. While most activities are not unique, innovation lies in bringing all activities together in a coordinated effort. This includes training opportunities for every level of stakeholder and providing the tools necessary for roadway data collection and asset management analysis. Early adopters are seeing direct results; others are at varying stages within the process of change. The benefits of adoption are noted by Tim O'Rourke, manager of the Rosscommon County, Michigan, Road Commission: “What you are really doing is telling a story. A story about levels of investment, a mix of maintenance fixes, and the condition of the road network in 10 years. It's a story people can understand.” This paper details the components that have led to making local agency asset management work in Michigan and provides agency case examples.
COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT CAPACITY MODELS FOR TRAFFIC CIRCLES
Authors: Çalışkanelli Pelin , Özuysal Mustafa , Tanyel Serhan , Yayla Nadir
Published: December 2009

Traffic circles have been used in many countries all over the world. Traffic circles can be defined as intersections where traffic circulates around a center island where priority is given to the vehicles entering from branches and are designed considering weaving movements as the basic goal. There are two most common capacity analysis methods for traffic circles: the method of critical gap acceptance and the method of regression analysis. This study explains the methods of gap acceptance and regression analysis. Ashworth and Field method is investigated and the applicability of these capacity models in Turkey is discussed. The obtained results have shown that both methodologies give satisfactory results; however, the existing methods should be improved (modified) considering conditions.
A TWO‐PHASE METHOD FOR THE CAPACITATED FACILITY PROBLEM OF COMPACT CUSTOMER SUB‐SETS
Authors: Janáček Jaroslav , Gábrišová Lýdia
Published: December 2009

The cost optimal design of the majority of distribution and servicing systems consists of decisions on a number and on the locations of facilities from which customers’ demands are satisfied; however, there are severe difficulties in solving exact procedures because the underlying mathematical model is NP‐hard. These decisions should respect some additional conditions as a limited capacity of located facilities. The objective is to minimize the overall costs of the system and to satisfy all customers’ demands. In this paper, we enrich the set of constraints by a new requirement called sub‐pool compactness. This property of customer subset influences the quality of vehicle routes subsequently formed in a sub‐set of customers served by the same facility. This paper formulates the problem of the enriched capacitated facility location considering compactness condition, formalizes and studies the property of compactness and suggests the compound method solving this problem.
MODELS OF FREIGHT TRANSPORT SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Baublys Adolfas
Published: December 2009

When modelling a transport system and evaluating the expenditure for the sustainability of its efficiency, a dynamic model was prepared for developing the capacity of freight transportation within the common transport system. The model of developing transport modes has been elaborated applying the principles of reproduction and break‐up theory.
THE MIXTURE OF BIOBUTANOL AND PETROL FOR OTTO ENGINES
Authors: Pukalskas Saugirdas , Bogdanovičius Zenonas , Sendžikienė Eglė , Makarevičienė Violeta , Janulis Prutenis
Published: December 2009

The expansion of production and the use of biofuels are determined by the legal acts of the European Commission and National legal acts encouraging such production and usage. It would be meaningful to use the mixtures of butanol and petrol in Otto engines. It was determined the possibility of producing biobutanol as a biofuel of the second generation from lignocellulose hydrolyzed to C5/C6 carbohydrates. If the 20–30% potential of lignocellulose biomass in Lithuania is used, it would be possible to produce 200–300 thousand t of biobutanol per year. The amount of carbon monoxide CO decreases by more than 80% when the engine works using the mixtures of petrol and butanol if compared to the CO amount of the engine working with petrol. When the engine works using the mixture of 30% butanol and petrol, the amount of carbon dioxide CO2decreases by 4% on average, and in case it works with the mixture of 50% butanol and petrol ‐ by 14% if compared to the CO2 amount of the engine working using petrol. When the engine works using the mixture of 30% butanol and petrol, the amount of hydrocarbons HC decreases by 26% on average, and if it works with the mixture of 50% butanol and petrol, the amount increases by some 4% if compared to the HC amount of the engine working using petrol. To generalize the results of the performed experiment, it is possible to state that the optimal mixture would consist of 70% petrol and 30% biobutanol.
DEVELOPING STRATEGIES TO REDUCE THE RISK OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS TRANSPORTATION IN IRAN USING THE METHOD OF FUZZY SWOT ANALYSIS
Authors: Kheirkhah Amir Saman , Esmailzadeh Ali , Ghazinoory Sepehr
Published: December 2009

An increase in hazardous materials transportation in Iran along with the industrial development and increase of resulted deadly accidents necessitate the development and implementation of some strategies to reduce these incidents. SWOT analysis is an efficient method for developing strategies, however, its structural problems, including a lack of prioritizing internal and external factors and inability to consider two sided factors reducing its performance in the situations where the number of internal and external factors affecting the risk of hazardous materials is relatively high and some factors are two sided in nature are presented in the article. Fuzzy SWOT analysis is a method the use of which helps with solving these problems and is the issue of employing an effective methodology. Also, the article compares the resulted strategies of the fuzzy method with the strategies developed following SWOT in order to show the relative supremacy of the new method.
Genetic Susceptibility Factors in a Cohort of 38 Patients with SAPHO Syndrome: A Study of PSTPIP2, NOD2, and LPIN2 Genes
Authors: HURTADO-NEDELEC MARGARITA , CHOLLET-MARTIN SYLVIE , CHAPETON DIANA , HUGOT JEAN-PIERRE , HAYEM GILLES , GÉRARD BÉNÉDICTE
Published: December 2009

Objective.

The SAPHO syndrome (synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis) is a rare disorder that mainly affects bone and skin. Chronic multifocal osteitis is the main diagnostic feature. Genetic studies of HLA genes have shown no role for these class II antigens, whereas studies of 2 mouse models (cmo and Lupo) point to a role of the PSTPIP2 gene. We analyzed the PSTPIP2 gene in patients with SAPHO syndrome.

Methods.

In a cohort of 38 patients with SAPHO we analyzed PSTPIP2 and 2 other candidate genes, NOD2/CARD15 (Crohn's disease occurs in about 10% of SAPHO patients), and LPIN2 (clinical similarities of SAPHO with Majeed syndrome).

Results.

Rare variants of the 3 genes observed in patients with SAPHO were not specific or were not found more frequently compared to controls, suggesting no major pathogenetic role of these genes in the SAPHO syndrome.

Conclusion.

We found no association between PSTPIP2, NOD2, and LPIN2 variants and the SAPHO syndrome.
Linkage and Association Studies of Joint Morbidity from Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: MIN JIN-YOUNG , MIN KYOUNG-BOK , SUNG JOOHON , CHO SUNG-IL
Published: December 2009

Objective.

To investigate the relationship between genetic variations of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) susceptibility in terms of joint morbidity.

Methods.

We used data from Genetic Analysis Workshop 15. The Illumina linkage panel IV included 5858 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), with 5744 SNP passing quality control filters. The phenotypic variables analyzed were the level of rheumatoid factor (RF) and score on the Joint Alignment and Motion (JAM) scale. We modified the scale, dividing by RF values relevant to disease severity. Linkage analysis for affected sibling pairs was done using the MERLIN program, and family-based association tests were carried out using PLINK and FBAT software.

Results.

We found a high peak (LOD = 3.29; NPL Z = 4.07) near the HLA-DRB1 region on chromosome 6. The linkage at 6p24 at rs1410766 [LOD = 2.66; nonparametric linkage (NPL) Z = 3.23] was statistically significant. Two other regions also showed possible linkage peaks: chromosome 7q30 at rs322812 (LOD = 2.47; NPL Z = 3.39) and chromosome 15p34 at rs347117 (LOD = 1.95; NPL Z = 2.80). For the family-based association study, 7 SNP related to clinical RA severity were detected.

Conclusion.

Genetic variations may lead to an enhanced risk of joint damage and increased levels of RF. Further studies are needed to elucidate the roles of other genes involved in RA and to explore whether the clinical signs of RA are associated with particular genetic variations.
Changes in Waist Circumference and Body Mass Index in Relation to Changes in Serum Uric Acid in Japanese Individuals
Authors: ISHIZAKA NOBUKAZU , ISHIZAKA YUKO , TODA AKIKO , TANI MIZUKI , KOIKE KAZUHIKO , YAMAKADO MINORU , NAGAI RYOZO
Published: December 2009

Objective.

Studies have shown that obesity is associated with an increase in serum uric acid; and few data are available on the relationship between changes in measures of obesity and changes in uric acid concentrations. We investigated the relationship among percentage changes in waist circumference (%dWC), body mass index (%dBMI), and serum uric acid (%dUA).

Methods.

The data of 3153 individuals [1968 men, 1185 women (536 premenopausal, 649 postmenopausal)] who underwent general health screening over a 2-year period and were not taking antihyperuricemic medication were analyzed.

Results.

Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that %dBMI was associated positively with %dUA in postmenopausal women and men, and the association retained statistical significance after adjustment for changes in blood pressure and in renal function. Association between %dBMI and %dUA was not significant in premenopausal women. In men, %dWC was a predicting factor for %dUA, although it did not remain significant when %dBMI was used as a covariate in the statistical model. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the odds ratio of the association between the lowest %dBMI quartile (%dBMI < –1.86) and the lowest %dUA quartile (%dUA < –7.41) was 2.04 (95% CI 1.35–3.07) in postmenopausal women and 1.46 (95% CI 1.14–1.86) in men.

Conclusion.

Weight loss may represent an effective nonmedical strategy for reducing serum UA levels, especially in postmenopausal women and men.
The Alarmin Cytokine, High Mobility Group Box 1, Is Produced by Viable Cardiomyocytes and Mediates the Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Myocardial Dysfunction via a TLR4/Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase γ Pathway
Authors: Xu Hu , Su Zhaoliang , Wu Jun , Yang Min , Penninger Josef M. , Martin Claudio M. , Kvietys Peter R. , Rui Tao
Published: December 2009

High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is an alarmin actively secreted by immune cells and passively released by necrotic nonimmune cells. HMGB1 has been implicated in both cardiac contractile dysfunction and the lethality associated with sepsis/endotoxemia. The aim of the current study was to assess whether viable cardiomyocytes could produce HMGB1 and whether HMGB1 can affect myocardial contractility. LPS was used as a model of sepsis/endotoxemia in mice and isolated cardiac myocytes. LPS increased myocardial expression of HMGB1 in vivo (immunohistochemistry) and production and secretion of HMGB1 by viable cardiac myocytes in vitro (Western). LPS increased the phosphorylation status of PI3Kγ in cardiac myocytes, an effect not observed in TLR4−/− myocytes. Genetic (PI3Kγ−/−) or pharmacologic (AS605240) blockade of PI3Kγ ameliorated the LPS-induced 1) cardiomyocyte production and secretion of HMGB1 in vitro and 2) HMGB1 expression in the myocardium in vivo. The LPS-induced depression of myocardial contractility was prevented by the HMGB1 antagonist, A-box. Genetic (PI3Kγ−/−) or pharmacologic (AS605240) blockade of PI3Kγ ameliorated the LPS-induced decrease in myocardial contractility. No evidence of inflammatory infiltrate was noted in any of the in vivo studies. The findings of the current study indicate that 1) LPS can induce HMGB1 secretion by viable cardiac myocytes through a TLR4/PI3Kγ signaling pathway, and 2) HMGB1 plays a role in the LPS-induced myocardial contractile dysfunction. The results of the current study also have broader implications (i.e., that viable parenchymal cells, such as cardiac myocytes, participate in the alarmin response).
Outer automorphism groups of some equivalence relations
Authors: Furman Alex
Published: December 2009

Let

\mathsf R

a be countable ergodic equivalence relation of type

{\rm II}_1

on a standard probability space

(X,\mu)

. The group

\mathsf{Out}\ \mathsf R

of
outer automorphisms
of

\mathsf R

consists of all invertible Borel measure preserving maps of the space which map

\mathsf R

-classes to

\mathsf R

-classes modulo those which preserve almost every

\mathsf R

-class. We analyze the group

\mathsf{Out}\ \mathsf R

for relations

\mathsf R

generated by actions of higher rank lattices, providing general conditions on finiteness and triviality of

\mathsf{Out}\ \mathsf R

and explicitly computing

\mathsf{Out}\ \mathsf R

for the standard actions. The method is based on Zimmer's superrigidity for measurable cocycles, Ratner's theorem and Gromov's Measure Equivalence construction.
Centralisateurs d'éléments dans les PD(3)-paires
Authors: Castel Fabrice
Published: December 2009

On établit pour les centralisateurs dans une PD(3)-paire des résultats analogues à ceux connus pour les centralisateurs dans un groupe fondamental de variété de dimension 3. Comme dans le cas des groupes fondamentaux de variétés de dimension 3, la preuve de ces résultats repose sur une décomposition JSJ pour les PD(3)-paires obtenue à l'aide de la théorie des voisinages algébriques réguliers de Scott et Swarup.
The functor of units of Burnside rings for $p$-groups
Authors: Bouc Serge
Published: December 2009

In this paper, I describe the structure of the biset functor

B^×

sending a

p

-group

P

to the group of units of its Burnside ring

B(P)

. In particular, I show that

B^×

is a rational biset functor. It follows that if

P

is a

p

-group, the structure of

B^×(P)

can be read from a genetic basis of

P

: the group

B^×(P)

is an elementary abelian 2-group of rank equal to the number isomorphism classes of rational irreducible representations of

P

whose type is trivial, cyclic of order 2, or dihedral.
On the measure contraction property of metric measure spaces
Authors: Ohta Shin-ichi
Published: December 2009

We introduce a measure contraction property of metric measure spaces which can be regarded as a generalized notion of the lower Ricci curvature bound on Riemannian manifolds. It is actually equivalent to the lower bound of the Ricci curvature in the Riemannian case. We will generalize the Bonnet–Myers theorem, and prove that this property is preserved under the measured Gromov–Hausdorff convergence.
The distribution of geodesic excursions into the neighborhood of a cone singularity on a hyperbolic 2-orbifold
Authors: Haas Andrew
Published: December 2009

A generic geodesic on a finite area, hyperbolic 2-orbifold exhibits an infinite sequence of penetrations into a neighborhood of a cone singularity of order

k ≥ 3

, so that the sequence of depths of maximal penetration has a limiting distribution. The distribution function is the same for all such surfaces and is described by a fairly simple formula.
On the generalized Nielsen realization problem
Authors: Block Jonathan , Weinberger Shmuel
Published: December 2009

The main goal of this paper is to give the first examples of equivariant aspherical Poincaré complexes, that are not realized by group actions on closed aspherical manifolds M. These will also provide new counterexamples to the Nielsen realization problem about lifting homotopy actions of finite groups to honest group actions. Our examples show that one cannot guarantee that a given action of a finitely generated group π on Euclidean space extends to an action of Π, a group containing π as a subgroup of finite index, even when all the torsion of Π lives in π.
On Frobenius-destabilized rank-2 vector bundles over curves
Authors: Lange Herbert , Pauly Christian
Published: December 2009

Let

X

be a smooth projective curve of genus

g ≥ 2

over an algebraically closed field

k

of characteristic

p > 0

. Let

\mathcal M_X

be the moduli space of semistable rank-2 vector bundles over

X

with trivial determinant. The relative Frobenius map

F : X → X_1

induces by pull-back a rational map

V : \mathcal M_{X_1} \dashrightarrow \mathcal M_X

. In this paper we show the following results.
Cohomologie $L^p$ et pincement
Authors: Pansu Pierre
Published: December 2009

A sharp vanishing theorem for the

L^p

cohomology torsion of Riemannian manifolds with pinched negative curvature is given. It follows that certain negatively curved homogeneous spaces cannot be quasiisometric to better pinched manifolds.

On donne un critère optimal d’annulation de la torsion en cohomologie

L^p

pour les variétés riemanniennes à courbure sectionnelle négative pincée. Il en résulte que certains espaces homogènes à courbure négative ne sont pas quasiisométriques à des variétés plus pincées qu’eux.
The $M$-ellipsoid, symplectic capacities and volume
Authors: Artstein-Avidan Shiri , Milman Vitali , Ostrover Yaron
Published: December 2009

In this work we bring together tools and ideology from two different fields, symplectic geometry and asymptotic geometric analysis, to arrive at some new results. Our main result is a dimension-independent bound for the symplectic capacity of a convex body by its volume radius.
Smooth divisors of projective hypersurfaces
Authors: Ellia Philippe , Franco Davide , Gruson Laurent
Published: December 2009

Let

X  ⊂ ℙ^n

be a smooth codimension 2 subvariety. We first prove a “positivity lemma” (Lemma 1.1) which is a direct application of the positivity of

N_X (−1)

. Then we first derive two consequences:

The result in 1) is not effective, but 2) is. Then we obtain precise inequalities connecting the usual numerical invariants of a smooth subcanonical subvariety

X  ⊂ ℙ^n

,

n ≥ 5

(the degree

d

, the integer

e

such that

\omega_X ⋍ \mathcal O_X (e)

, the least degree,

s

, of a hypersurface containing

X

 ). In particular we prove:

s ≥ n + 1

if

X

is not a complete intersection.
Generalized Property R and the Schoenflies Conjecture
Authors: Scharlemann Martin
Published: December 2009

There is a relation between the generalized Property R Conjecture and the Schoenflies Conjecture that suggests a new line of attack on the latter. The new approach gives a quick proof of the genus 2 Schoenflies Conjecture and suffices to prove the genus 3 case, even in the absence of new progress on the generalized Property R Conjecture.
Le groupoïde de Galois de $P_1$ et son irréductibilité
Authors: Casale Guy
Published: December 2009

Dans cet article, nous calculons le groupoïde de Galois de la première équation de Painlevé. Nous proposons ensuite une définition de réductibilité pour les feuilletages holomorphes singuliers et montrons que la réductibilité peut se lire sur le groupoïde de Galois du feuilletage. Nous obtenons un résultat d'irréductibilité du feuilletage sous-jacent à la première équation de Painlevé.

In this article, the Galois groupoid of the first Painlevé equation is computed. This computation uses É. Cartan's classification of structural equations of pseudogroups acting on

ℂ^2

and the degeneration of the first Painlevé equation on an elliptic equation (

y'' = 6y^2

). Moreover a definition of reducibility for singular holomorphic foliations is proposed and a characterization of reducible foliations on theirs Galois groupoids is given. It is applied to prove the foliation-irreducibility of the first Painlevé equation.
Logarithmic plurigenera of smooth affine surfaces with finite Picard groups
Authors: Kojima Hideo
Published: December 2009

Let

S

be a smooth complex affine surface with finite Picard group. We prove that if

\bar κ(S) = 1

(resp.

\bar κ(S) = 2

) then

\bar P_2(S) > 0

(resp.

\bar P_6(S) > 0

) and determine the surface

S

when

\bar κ(S) ≥ 0

and

\bar P_6(S) = 0

. Moreover, we prove that if

\mathrm{Pic}(S) = (0)

,

Γ(S,\mathcal{O}_S)^* = ℂ^*

and

\bar P_2(S) = 0

then

S ≅ ℂ^2

.
A quasi-periodic minimal surface
Authors: Mazet Laurent , Traizet Martin
Published: December 2009

We construct a properly embedded minimal surface in the flat product

ℝ^2 × \mathbb S^1

which is quasi-periodic but not periodic.
Polynomial-time word problems
Authors: Schleimer Saul
Published: December 2009

We find polynomial-time solutions to the word problem for free-by-cyclic groups, the word problem for automorphism groups of free groups, and the membership problem for the handlebody subgroup of the mapping class group. All of these results follow from observing that automorphisms of the free group strongly resemble straight-line programs, which are widely studied in the theory of compressed data structures. In an effort to be self-contained we give a detailed exposition of the necessary results from computer science.
Volume growth, curvature decay, and critical metrics
Authors: Tian Gang , Viaclovsky Jeff A.
Published: December 2009

We make some improvements to our previous results in [TV05a] and [TV05b]. First, we prove a version of our volume growth theorem which does not require any assumption on the first Betti number. Second, we show that our local regularity theorem only requires a lower volume growth assumption, not a full Sobolev constant bound. As an application of these results, we can weaken the assumptions of several of our theorems in [TV05a] and [TV05b].
Selmer groups and Tate–Shafarevich groups for the congruent number problem
Authors: Xiong Maosheng , Zaharescu Alexandru
Published: December 2009

We study the distribution of the sizes of the Selmer groups arising from the three 2-isogenies and their dual 2-isogenies for the elliptic curve

E_n: y^2 = x^3 − n^2x

. We show that three of them are almost always trivial, while the 2-rank of the other three follows a Gaussian distribution. It implies three almost always trivial Tate–Shafarevich groups and three large Tate–Shafarevich groups. When combined with a result obtained by Heath-Brown, we show that the mean value of the 2-rank of the large Tate–Shafarevich groups for square-free positive odd integers

n ≤ X

is

\frac 1 2 \log \log X + O(1)

, as

X → ∞

.
Transcendental submanifolds of projective space
Authors: Kucharz Wojciech
Published: December 2009

Given integers

m

and

c

satisfying

m − 2 ≥ c ≥ 2

, we explicitly construct a nonsingular

m

-dimensional algebraic subset of

ℙ^{m + c}(ℝ)

that is not isotopic to the set of real points of any nonsingular complex algebraic subset of

ℙ^{m + c}(ℂ)

defined over

ℝ

. The first examples of this type were obtained by Akbulut and King in a more complicated and nonconstructive way, and only for certain large integers

m

and

c

.
A lower bound on the essential dimension of a connected linear group
Authors: Gille Philippe , Reichstein Zinovy
Published: December 2009

Let

G

be a connected linear algebraic group defined over an algebraically closed field

k

and

H

be a finite abelian subgroup of

G

whose order does not divide char(k). We show that the essential dimension of

G

is bounded from below by

\mathrm{rank}(H) − \mathrm{rank} C_G(H)^0

, where

\mathrm{rrank} C_G(H)^0

denotes the rank of the maximal torus in the centralizer

C_G(H)

. This inequality, conjectured by J.-P. Serre, generalizes previous results of Reichstein–Youssin (where

\mathrm{char}(k)

is assumed to be

0

and

C_G(H)

to be finite) and Chernousov–Serre (where

H

is assumed to be a 2-group).
Zero-in-the-spectrum conjecture on regular covers of compact manifolds
Authors: Nowak Piotr W.
Published: December 2009

We prove the zero-in-the-spectrum conjecture for large, regular covers associated to amenable subgroups of fundamental group of a closed manifold

\mathcal{N}

, provided that π1(\mathcal{N}) is C*-exact.
Topological symmetry groups of graphs embedded in the 3-sphere
Authors: Flapan Erica , Naimi Ramin , Pommersheim James , Tamvakis Harry
Published: December 2009

The topological symmetry group of a graph embedded in the

3

-sphere is the group consisting of those automorphisms of the graph which are induced by some homeomorphism of the ambient space. We prove strong restrictions on the groups that can occur as the topological symmetry group of some embedded graph. In addition, we characterize the orientation preserving topological symmetry groups of embedded

3

-connected graphs in the

3

-sphere.
Diameter pinching in almost positive Ricci curvature
Authors: Aubry Erwann
Published: December 2009

In this paper we prove a diameter sphere theorem and its corresponding λ1 sphere theorem under Lp control of the curvature. They are generalizations of some results due to S. Ilias [8].
Groups with finitely many conjugacy classes and their automorphisms
Authors: Minasyan Ashot
Published: December 2009

We combine classical methods of combinatorial group theory with the theory of small cancellation over relatively hyperbolic groups to construct finitely generated torsion-free groups that have only finitely many classes of conjugate elements. Moreover, we present several results concerning embeddings into such groups.

As another application of these techniques, we prove that every countable group C can be realized as a group of outer automorphisms of a group N, where N is a finitely generated group having Kazhdan’s property (T) and containing exactly two conjugacy classes.
$NK_0$ and $NK_1$ of the groups $C_4$ and $D_4$. Addendum to “Lower algebraic $K$-theory of hyperbolic 3-simplex reflection groups” by J.-F. Lafont and I. J. Ortiz
Authors: Weibel Charles A.
Published: December 2009

In this addendum to [LO] we explicitly compute the Bass Nil-groups

NK_i(ℤ[C_4])

for

i = 0, 1

and

NK_0(ℤ[D_4])

. We also show that

NK_1(ℤ[D_4])

is not trivial. Here

C_4

denotes the cyclic group of order 4 and

D_4

is the dihedral group of order 8.
Complete surfaces with positive extrinsic curvature in product spaces
Authors: Espinar José M. , Gálvez José A. , Rosenberg Harold
Published: December 2009

We prove that every complete connected immersed surface with positive extrinsic curvature

K

in

ℍ^2 × ℝ

must be properly embedded, homeomorphic to a sphere or a plane and, in the latter case, study the behavior of the end. Then we focus our attention on surfaces with positive constant extrinsic curvature (

K

-surfaces). We establish that the only complete

K

-surfaces in

\mathbb{S}^2 × ℝ

and

ℍ^2 × ℝ

are rotational spheres. Here are the key steps to achieve this. First height estimates for compact

K

-surfaces in a general ambient space

\mathbb{M}^2 × ℝ

with boundary in a slice are obtained. Then distance estimates for compact

K

-surfaces (and

H

-surfaces) in

ℍ^2 × ℝ

with boundary on a vertical plane are obtained. Finally we construct a quadratic form with isolated zeroes of negative index.
On the Weinstein conjecture in higher dimensions
Authors: Albers Peter , Hofer Helmut W.
Published: December 2009

The existence of a “Plastikstufe” for a contact structure implies the Weinstein conjecture for all supporting contact forms.
Simplicial volume of Hilbert modular varieties
Authors: Löh Clara , Sauer Roman
Published: December 2009

The simplicial volume introduced by Gromov provides a topologically accessible lower bound for the minimal volume. Lafont and Schmidt proved that the simplicial volume of closed, locally symmetric spaces of non-compact type is positive. In this paper, we extend this positivity result to certain non-compact locally symmetric spaces of finite volume, including Hilbert modular varieties. The key idea is to reduce the problem to the compact case by first relating the simplicial volume of these manifolds to the Lipschitz simplicial volume and then taking advantage of a proportionality principle for the Lipschitz simplicial volume. Moreover, using computations of Bucher–Karlsson for the simplicial volume of products of closed surfaces, we obtain the exact value of the simplicial volume of Hilbert modular surfaces.
The geometry of genus-one helicoids
Authors: Hoffman David , White Brian
Published: December 2009

We prove: a properly embedded, genus-one, minimal surface that is asymptotic to a helicoid and that contains two straight lines must intersect that helicoid precisely in those two lines. In particular, the two lines divide the surface into two connected components that lie on either side of the helicoid. We prove an analogous result for periodic helicoid-like surfaces. We also give a simple condition guaranteeing that an immersed minimal surface with finite genus and bounded curvature is asymptotic to a helicoid at infinity.
Hamiltonian pseudo-representations
Authors: Humilière Vincent
Published: December 2009

The question studied here is the behavior of the Poisson bracket under

C^0

-perturbations. For this purpose we introduce the notion of pseudo-representation and prove that the limit of a converging pseudo-representation of any normed Lie algebra is a representation.

An unexpected consequence of this result is that for many non-closed symplectic manifolds (including cotangent bundles), the group of Hamiltonian diffeomorphisms (with no assumptions on supports) has no

C^{−1}

bi-invariant metric. Our methods also provide a new proof of the Gromov–Eliashberg Theorem, which says that the group of symplectic diffeomorphisms is

C^0

-closed in the group of all diffeomorphisms.
New constructions of slice links
Authors: Cochran Tim D. , Friedl Stefan , Teichner Peter
Published: December 2009

We use techniques of Freedman and Teichner [FT] to prove that under certain circumstances the multi-infection of a slice link is again slice (not necessarily smoothly slice). We provide a general context for proving links are slice that includes many of the previously known results.
Zariski $k$-plets via dessins d'enfants
Authors: Degtyarev Alex
Published: December 2009

We construct exponentially large collections of pairwise distinct equisingular deformation families of irreducible plane curves sharing the same sets of singularities. The fundamental groups of all curves constructed are abelian.
Constraints on exact Lagrangians in cotangent bundles of manifolds fibered over the circle
Authors: Damian Mihai
Published: December 2009

We give topological obstructions to the existence of a closed exact Lagrangian submanifold

L ↪ T^*M

, where

M

is the total space of a fibration over the circle. For instance, we show that

π_1(L)

cannot be the free product of two non-trivial groups and that the difference between the number of generators and the number of relations in a finite presentation of

π_1(L)

is less than two.
Configurations of saddle connections of quadratic differentials on $\mathbb{CP}^1$ and on hyperelliptic Riemann surfaces
Authors: Boissy Corentin
Published: December 2009

Configurations of rigid collections of saddle connections are connected component invariants for strata of the moduli space of quadratic differentials. They have been classified for strata of Abelian differentials by Eskin, Masur and Zorich. Similar work for strata of quadratic differentials has been done by Masur and Zorich, although in that case the connected components were not distinguished.

We classify the configurations for quadratic differentials on

ℂℙ^1

and on hyperelliptic connected components of the moduli space of quadratic differentials. We show that, in genera greater than five, any configuration that appears in the hyperelliptic connected component of a stratum also appears in the non-hyperelliptic one. For such genera, this enables to classify the configurations that appear for each connected component of each stratum.
Stable classical groups and strongly torsion generated groups
Authors: Berrick A. J. , Matthey M.
Published: December 2009

Strongly torsion generated groups are those with a single normal generator, of arbitrary finite order. They are useful for realizing sequences of abelian groups as homology groups. Known examples include stable alternating groups and stable groups generated by elementary matrices. Here the class of such groups is extended, by consideration of other stable classical groups, including orthogonal and symplectic groups. Discussion of other
On minimal surfaces bounded by two convex curves in parallel planes
Authors: Traizet Martin
Published: December 2009

We prove that a compact minimal surface bounded by two closed convex curves in parallel planes close enough to each other must be topologically an annulus.
Monodromy in Hamiltonian Floer theory
Authors: McDuff Dusa
Published: December 2009

Schwarz showed that when a closed symplectic manifold (M,ω) is symplectically aspherical (i.e. the symplectic form and the first Chern class vanish on π2(M)) then the spectral invariants, which are initially defined on the universal cover of the Hamiltonian group, descend to the Hamiltonian group Ham(M,ω). In this note we describe less stringent conditions on the Chern class and quantum homology of M under which the (asymptotic) spectral invariants descend to Ham(M,ω). For example, they descend if the quantum multiplication of M is undeformed and H2(M) has rank > 1, or if the minimal Chern number is at least n + 1 (where dim M = 2n) and the even cohomology of M is generated by divisors. The proofs are based on certain calculations of genus zero Gromov–Witten invariants. As an application, we show that the Hamiltonian group of the one point blow up of T4 admits a Calabi quasimorphism. Moreover, whenever the (asymptotic) spectral invariants descend it is easy to see that Ham(M,ω) has infinite diameter in the Hofer norm. Hence our results establish the infinite diameter of Ham in many new cases. We also show that the area pseudonorm – a geometric version of the Hofer norm – is nontrivial on the (compactly supported) Hamiltonian group for all noncompact manifolds as well as for a large class of closed manifolds.
Optimal $\mathrm{SL}(2)$-homomorphisms
Authors: McNinch George J.
Published: December 2009

Let

G

be a semisimple group over an algebraically closed field of
very good
characteristic for

G

. In the context of geometric invariant theory, G. Kempf and – independently – G. Rousseau have associated optimal cocharacters of

G

to an unstable vector in a linear

G

-representation. If the nilpotent element

X \in \mathrm{Lie}(G)

lies in the image of the differential of a homomorphism

\mathrm{SL}_2 \to G

, we say that homomorphism is optimal for

X

, or simply optimal, provided that its restriction to a suitable torus of

\mathrm{SL}_2

is optimal for

X

in the sense of geometric invariant theory. We show here that any two

\mathrm{SL}_2

-homomorphisms which are optimal for

X

are conjugate under the connected centralizer of

X

. This implies, for example, that there is a unique conjugacy class of \emph{principal homomorphisms} for

G

. We show that the image of an optimal

\mathrm{SL}_2

-homomorphism is a
completely reducible
subgroup of

G

; this is a notion defined recently by J-P. Serre. Finally, if

G

is defined over the (arbitrary) subfield

K

of

k

, and if

X \in \mathrm{Lie}(G)(K)

is a

K

-rational nilpotent element with

X^{[p]}=0

, we show that there is an optimal homomorphism for

X

which is defined over

K

.
Virtually soluble groups of type $\operatorname{FP}_∞$
Authors: Martínez-Pérez Conchita , Nucinkis Brita E. A.
Published: December 2009

We prove that a virtually soluble group

G

of type

\operatorname{FP}_∞

admits a finitely dominated model for

\underline{\mathrm{E}}G

of dimension the Hirsch length of

G

. This implies in particular that the Brown conjecture is satisfied for virtually torsion-free elementary amenable groups.
Reconstructing $p$-divisible groups from their truncations of small level
Authors: Vasiu Adrian
Published: December 2009

Let

k

be an algebraically closed field of characteristic

p > 0

. Let

D

be a

p

-divisible group over

k

. Let

n_D

be the smallest non-negative integer for which the following statement holds: if

C

is a

p

-divisible group over

k

of the same codimension and dimension as

D

and such that

C[p^{n_D}]

is isomorphic to

D[p^{n_D}]

, then

C

is isomorphic to

D

. To the Dieudonné module of

D

we associate a non-negative integer

\ell_D

which is a computable upper bound of

n_D

. If

D

is a product

\prod_{i ∈ I} D_i

of isoclinic

p

-divisible groups, we show that

n_D = \ell_D

; if the set

I

has at least two elements we also show that

n_D ≤\ max\{1, n_{D_i}, n_{D_i} + n_{D_j} − 1 | i, j ∈ I,\  j ≠ i\}

. We show that we have

n_D ≤ 1

if and only if

\ell_D ≤ 1

; this recovers the classification of minimal

p

-divisible groups obtained by Oort. If

D

is quasi-special, we prove the Traverso truncation conjecture for

D

. If

D

is

F

-cyclic, we explicitly compute

n_D

. Many results are proved in the general context of latticed

F

-isocrystals with a (certain) group over

k

.
Contact homology of Hamiltonian mapping tori
Authors: Fabert Oliver
Published: December 2009

In the general geometric setup for symplectic field theory the contact manifolds can be replaced by mapping tori

M_Φ

of symplectic manifolds

(M,ω)

with symplectomorphisms

Φ

. While the cylindrical contact homology of

M_Φ

is given by the Floer homologies of powers of

Φ

, the other algebraic invariants of symplectic field theory for

M_Φ

provide natural generalizations of symplectic Floer homology. For symplectically aspherical

M

and Hamiltonian

Φ

we study the moduli spaces of rational curves and prove a transversality result, which does
not
need the polyfold theory by Hofer, Wysocki and Zehnder. We use our result to compute the full contact homology of

M_Φ \cong S^1 × M

.
Transcendental submanifolds of ${\mathbb R}{\mathbb P}^n$
Authors: Akbulut Selman , King Henry
Published: December 2009

In this paper we give examples of closed smooth submanifolds of

\mathbb R\mathbb P^{n}

which are isotopic to nonsingular projective subvarieties of

\mathbb R\mathbb P^{n}

but they can not be isotopic to the real parts of nonsingular complex projective subvarieties of

\mathbb C\mathbb P^{n}

.
Selberg's zeta function and the spectral geometry of geometrically finite hyperbolic surfaces
Authors: Borthwick David , Judge Chris , Perry Peter A.
Published: December 2009

For hyperbolic Riemann surfaces of finite geometry, we study Selberg's zeta function and its relation to the relative scattering phase and the resonances of the Laplacian. As an application we show that the conjugacy class of a finitely generated, torsion-free, discrete subgroup of

\operatorname{SL}(2,{\mathbb R})

is determined by its trace spectrum up to finitely many possibilities, thus generalizing results of McKean [20] and Müller [23] to groups which are not necessarily cofinite.
Diffeomorfismi birazionali del piano proiettivo reale
Authors: Ronga Felice , Vust Thierry
Published: December 2009

We study real birational transformations of the real projective plane which are diffeomorphisms. It turns out that their degree must be congruent to 1 mod 4, and that they are generated by linear automorphisms and transformations of degree 5 centred at 3 pairs of conjugated imaginary points. Our approach is inspired by recent proofs of the classical theorem of Noether and Castelnuovo that use the Sarkisov program.
Hopf plumbing and minimal diagrams
Authors: Baader Sebastian
Published: December 2009

We determine minimal diagrams and braid indices for fibered arborescent knots arising from plumbing positive or negative Hopf bands along trees.
Conway irreducible hyperbolic knots with two common covers
Authors: Paoluzzi Luisa
Published: December 2009

For each pair of coprime integers

n>m\ge2

we construct pairs of non equivalent Conway irreducible hyperbolic knots with the same

n

-fold and

m

-fold cyclic branched covers.
Reidemeister torsion, twisted Alexander polynomial and fibered knots
Authors: Goda Hiroshi , Kitano Teruaki , Morifuji Takayuki
Published: December 2009

As a generalization of a classical result on the Alexander polynomial for fibered knots, we show in this paper that the Reidemeister torsion associated to a certain representation detects fiberedness of knots in the three sphere.
Path-components of Morse mappings spaces of surfaces
Authors: Maksymenko Sergey
Published: December 2009

Let

M

be a connected compact surface,

P

be either

{\Bbb R}^1

or

S^1

, and

{\cal F}(M,P)

be the space of Morse mappings

M\to P

with compact-open topology. The classification of path-components of

{\cal F}(M,P)

was independently obtained by S. V. Matveev and V. V. Sharko for the case

P={\Bbb R}^1

, and by the author for orientable surfaces and

P=S^1

. In this paper we give a new independent and unified proof of this classification for all compact surfaces in the case

P=P={\Bbb R}

, and for orientable surfaces in the case

P=S^1

. We also extend the author's initial proof to non-orientable surfaces.
On the $\Gamma$-cohomology of rings of numerical polynomials
Authors: Baker Andrew , Richter Birgit
Published: December 2009

We investigate

\Gamma

-cohomology of some commutative cooperation algebras

E_*E

associated with certain periodic cohomology theories. For
KU
and

E(1)

, the Adams summand at a prime

p

, and for
KO
we show that

\Gamma

-cohomology vanishes above degree 1. As these cohomology groups are the obstruction groups in the obstruction theory developed by Alan Robinson we deduce that these spectra admit unique

E_\infty

structures. As a consequence we obtain an

E_\infty

structure for the connective Adams summand. For the Johnson–Wilson spectrum

E(n)

with

n\geq1

we establish the existence of a unique

E_\infty

structure for its

I_n

-adic completion.
Spectral convergence of manifold pairs
Authors: Fissmer Karsten , Hamenstädt Ursula
Published: December 2009

Let

(M_i,A_i)_i

be pairs consisting of a complete Riemannian manifold

M_i

and a nonempty closed subset

A_i

. Assume that the sequence

(M_i,A_i)_i

converges in the Lipschitz topology to the pair

(M,A)

. We show that there is a number

c\geq 0

which is determined by spectral properties of the ends of

M_i-A_i

and such that the intersections with

[0,c)

of the spectra of

M_i

converge to the intersection with

[0,c)

of the spectrum of

M

. This is used to construct manifolds with nontrivial essential spectrum and arbitrarily high multiplicities for an arbitrarily large number of eigenvalues below the essential spectrum.
The theory of minimal surfaces in $M \times \mathbb{R}$
Authors: Meeks William H. , Rosenberg Harold
Published: December 2009

In this paper, we develop the theory of properly embedded minimal surfaces in

M \times \mathbb{R}

, where

M

is a closed orientable Riemannian surface. We construct many examples of different topology and geometry. We establish several global results. The first of these theorems states that examples of bounded curvature have linear area growth, and so, are quasiperiodic. We then apply this theorem to study and classify the stable examples. We prove the topological result that every example has a finite number of ends. We apply the recent theory of Colding and Minicozzi to prove that examples of finite topology have bounded curvature. Also we prove the topological unicity of the embedding of some of these surfaces.
Lorentzian Kleinian groups
Authors: Frances Charles
Published: December 2009

In this article we introduce some basic tools for the study of Lorentzian Kleinian groups. These groups are discrete subgroups of the Lorentzian Möbius group

O(2,n)

, acting properly discontinuously on some nonempty open subset of Einstein's universe, the Lorentzian analogue of the conformal sphere.
On right-angled reflection groups in hyperbolic spaces
Authors: Potyagailo Leonid , Vinberg Ernest
Published: December 2009

We show that the right-angled hyperbolic polyhedra of finite volume in the hyperbolic space

\Bbb H^n

may only exist if

n\leq 14.

We also provide a family of such polyhedra of dimensions

n=3,4,...,8

. We prove that for

n=3,4

the members of this family have the minimal total number of hyperfaces and cusps among all hyperbolic right-angled polyhedra of the corresponding dimension. This fact is used in the proof of the main result.