bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of Antihypertensive Drug-Related Gene Polymorphisms with Stroke in the Chinese Hypertensive Population
Authors: Liu Huixia , Zhong Hua , Lin Ying , Han Linzhi , Chen Mengshi , Tang Tao , Deng Jing
Published: January 2024

Background. Antihypertensive therapy is crucial for preventing stroke in hypertensive patients. However, the efficacy of antihypertensive therapy varies across individuals, partially due to therapy-related genetic variations among individuals. We investigated the association of antihypertensive drug-related gene polymorphism with stroke in patients with hypertension. Methods. Demographic information, medication, and outcome data were obtained from a hypertensive patient management system, and a PCR fluorescence probe technique was used to detect 7 gene polymorphic loci (CYP2D6∗10, ADRB1, CYP2C9∗3, AGTR1, ACE, CYP3A5∗3, and NPPA), and these loci were compared between patients with and without stroke. Logistic regression was performed to analyze the association of these genetic variations with stroke risk in hypertensive patients while controlling for potential factors. Results. The prevalence of stroke in the hypertensive population in Changsha County of Hunan Province was 2.75%. The mutation frequencies of ADRB1 (1165G > C), CYP2D6∗10, CYP2C9∗3, AGTR1 (1166A > C), ACE (I/D), NPPA (2238T > C), and CYP3A5∗3 were 74.43%, 57.23%, 4.26%, 5.71%, 31.62%, 1.17%, and 69.58%, respectively. Univariate analysis revealed that ADRB1 polymorphism was associated with stroke (χ2 = 8.659, P<0.05), with a higher stroke risk in the CC group than in the GC and GG groups (GC + GG). Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that the CC genotype in ADRB1 (vs. the GC + GG genotype) was associated with an increased risk of stroke [odds ratio (OR) = 1.184, P<0.05] in hypertensive patients. No association was observed between CYP2D6∗10, CYP2C9∗3, AGTR1 (1166A > C), ACE (I/D), CYP3A5∗3, and NPPA (2238T > C) polymorphisms and stroke. Conclusions. ADRB1 (1165G > C) gene polymorphism is associated with the risk of stroke in Chinese hypertensive patients. The CC genotype is correlated with a higher risk of stroke than the GC + GG genotype.
Influence of Postharvest Natural Softening Conditions on the Nutritional Quality of Safou (Dacryodes edulis H.J.Lam) Flour: Rheological Properties of the Optimized Safou Flour
Authors: Mboukap Alix Ntongme , Klang Mathilde Julie , Njapndounke Bilkissou , Ndjang Marie Madeleine Nanga , Ndomou Serge Cyrille Houketchang , Womeni Hilaire Macaire
Published: January 2024

Safou (Dacryodes edulis H.J.Lam) is a seasonal fruit of great importance in the diet and economy of the populations of safou-producing countries. However, the valorization of this fruit is limited due to postharvest losses linked to the softening of the fruit, though this fruit is an essential source of macro- and micronutrients. Thus, this study is aimed at contributing to the valorization of softened safou by determining the optimum softening time, drying time, and temperature for good nutritional and rheological flour. The effects of the softening time, drying time, and drying temperature on the fat, protein, carbohydrate, dietary fibre, water, calcium, phosphorus, and potassium content were studied using the central composite design. The results showed that all the responses were affected by the factors. Also, the softening time of 4.75 days, drying time of 40.55 hours, and drying temperature of 41.83°C were the optimum conditions for producing safou flour with high nutritional value and good rheological properties. These optimum conditions resulted in safou flour with 58.95%, 12.40%, 22.40%, 4.38%, 4.91%, 2207.90 mg/1000 mg, 1898.30 mg/1000 mg, and 478.540 mg/1000 mg as lipid, protein, carbohydrates, fibre, moisture calcium, phosphorus, and potassium content, respectively. In addition, the pasting temperature, peak viscosity, breakdown, holding viscosity, final viscosity, setback, setback ratio, and stability ratio of the aforementioned flour were 50.42°C, 58 cp, 0.5 cp, 57.5 cp, 61.5 cp, 4 cp, 1.07, and 1, respectively. Based on its nutritional value and rheological properties, softened safou flour can be used in food formulation, thus contributing to the valorization of safou fruits.
Optimal Fleet Policy of Rental Vehicles with Relocation: A Simulation Study
Authors: Favier John-Carlo , Ganguly Subhamoy , Shalpegin Timofey
Published: January 2024

Popularity of one‐way car rentals poses a challenge to rental car fleet management and brings to focus the importance of a strategic decision for rental car operators: whether to implement a single‐fleet or a multifleet model. The single‐fleet model allows movement of vehicles between regions, whereas the multifleet model does not. It is not obvious whether a single‐fleet model is optimal due to its pooling effect, or a multifleet model due to shorter car relocation times. In practice, different rental car operators use different models. To answer this conundrum, we develop two simulation models and compare them in terms of fleet utilisation, branch service level, relocations, and operating profit. We have taken the New Zealand rental car industry as an example as the country consists of two well‐defined regions: the North Island and the South Island. The results indicate that a multifleet model has a higher service level at key centres and higher utilisation. At the same time, the single‐fleet model is relatively more profitable at the expense of a lower service level in key centres due to vehicles accumulating in the South Island due to a significant volume of one‐way southbound travel. Overall, the implementation of either model should depend on the strategic goals of the rental car operator. Our work will be useful for practitioners considering whether or not to pool their fleet when allowing for one‐way rentals with subsequent relocation.
Exosomes Derived from Schistosoma japonicum Cystatin‐Treated Macrophages Attenuated CLP‐Induced Sepsis in Mice
Authors: Huang Feifei , Qian Yayun , Li Huihui , Chu Liang , Wan Chen , Shen Qili , Li Qianqian , Li Xiuxiu , Wu Xinyue , Zhan Bin , Zhou Rui , Yang Xiaodi
Published: January 2024

Sepsis is a disease caused by multiple microbial infections resulting in multiple organ failure. Schistosoma japonicum secreted cystatin (Sj‐Cys) is a strong immunomodulator that stimulates M2 macrophages and alleviates inflammatory damage caused by sepsis. To determine whether the therapeutic effect of Sj‐Cys on sepsis can be conveyed by the exosomes released by Sj‐Cys‐stimulated macrophages, RAW264.7 macrophages were stimulated with rSj‐Cys in vitro, the exosomes were obtained from the cell culture supernatant by ultracentrifugation. Sepsis was induced in BALB/c mice by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The septic mice were treated with exosomes derived from Sj‐Cys‐treated macrophages. The treatment effect of exosomes on sepsis was assessed by examining the survival rate of mice up to 72 hr and measuring serum levels of inflammatory cytokines, liver/kidney damage biomarkers, and observing pathological changes in tissue sections. The tissue levels of M1, M2 macrophage surface markers, and TRL2/MyD88 were measured to explore possible mechanisms. Results. Exosomes derived from Sj‐Cys‐treated macrophages exhibited significant therapeutic effect on CLP‐induced sepsis in mice with prolonged survival rate and less damage of critical organs by downregulating the proinflammatory factors TNF‐α and IL‐6 and upregulating the anti‐inflammatory factor TGF‐β. The therapeutic effect of exosomes is associated with macrophage polarization from M1 to M2 in the infected tissues via downregulating TRL2/MyD88 inflammatory pathway. Conclusions. Exosomes derived from Sj‐Cys‐treated macrophages attenuated sepsis in mice through promoting macrophage polarization from M1 to M2 and reducing inflammatory responses, possibly via downregulating TLR2/MyD88 inflammatory signaling pathway. This offers new approaches for immunotherapy of sepsis.
Neutrophil–Lymphocyte and Platelet–Lymphocyte Ratios in Distinguishing Lung Cancer in People with HIV
Authors: Baluku Joseph Baruch , Namiiro Sharon , Namanda Brenda , Nabwana Martin , Andia-Biraro Irene , Worodria William , Salata Robert , Mfinanga Sayoki , Gerson Stanton , Kirenga Bruce
Published: January 2024

Objective. The neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet–lymphocyte ratio (PLR) demonstrate good diagnostic accuracy in distinguishing lung cancer patients from healthy individuals, primarily in HIV-negative populations. We determined the sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp), and area under the curve (AUC) of the NLR and PLR in discriminating between people living with HIV (PLWH) with and without lung cancer. Methods. This is a comparative analysis of secondary data. Cases were PLWH with lung cancer from a retrospective cohort treated at the Uganda Cancer Institute. Controls were unmatched PLWH without lung cancer who were randomly selected from three HIV clinics in Uganda. Se, Sp, and AUC analysis and determination of optimal cutoffs were performed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results. Of 115 PLWH (18 cases and 97 controls), 83 (72.2%) were female, 110 (95.7) were on ART, and the median (IQR) age was 46 (38–51) years. The median (IQR) NLR was higher among cases than controls (3.53 (3.14–7.71) vs. 0.92 (0.67–1.09),p <0.001). Similarly, the PLR was higher among cases than controls (237.5 (177.8–361.6) vs. 123.6 (100.6–155.4),p=0.001). At a cutoff of 2.44, the respective Se, Sp, and AUC of the NLR were 87.5% (95% CI: 61.7%–98.4%), 100% (95% CI: 96.2%–100%), and 0.94 (95% CI: 0.85–1.00,p <0.001). Similarly, the respective Se, Sp, and AUC for the PLR were 75% (95% CI: 47.6%–92.7%), 87.2% (95% CI: 78.8%–93.2%), and 0.81 (95% CI: 0.70–0.93,p <0.001) at a cutoff of 196.3. Conclusion. The NLR and PLR discriminated PLWH with and without lung cancer and could be useful in PLWH with respiratory symptoms in whom lung cancer can easily be misdiagnosed as other lung pathology.
Determination of Major and Trace Metals in Date Palm Fruit (Phoenix dactylifera) Samples Using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry and Assessment of the Associated Public Health Risks
Authors: Tamirat Feven , Adane Wondimeneh Dubale , Tessema Merid , Tesfaye Endale , Tesfaye Gizaw
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to assess the concentrations of major and trace metals (Na, Ca, Fe, Zn, Ni, Mn, Cu, Cd, and Pb) in date palm fruit samples collected from diverse regions, including Afar (Ethiopia), Iraq, and Saudi Arabia, utilizing flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The wet acid digestion method was employed for sample treatment, with optimization of the key parameters such as reagent volume ratio, oven temperature, and digestion time for analytical applications. Under the optimized parameters, average metal concentrations in date palm fruit samples ranged from 205–299, 134–320, 38.8–115, 25.1–42.2, 9.27–27.9, 7.11–16.3, and 0.002–1.15 mg/kg for Ca, Na, Fe, Ni, Zn, Mn, and Cu, respectively. Cd and Pb levels were below detection limits within the linear range. Generally, date palm samples exhibited higher Ca and Na contents and lower concentrations of Cu and Mn than other metals. Pearson correlation analysis revealed very strong positive correlations between Fe and Na, Na and Zn, Na and Mn, Ca and Zn, Fe and Ni, Fe and Mn, and Mn and Ni. Strong negative correlations were observed for Ni and Na, Fe and Cu, and Cu and Ni. Weak correlations were noted among Na and Cu, Ca and Fe, Ca and Ni, Ca and Mn, Ca and Cu, Fe and Zn, Ni and Zn, Zn and Mn, and Zn and Cu. A recovery study using the spiking method demonstrated acceptable percentage recoveries ranging from 91.6% to 97.8%. Health risk assessment, including chronic daily intake (CDI), hazard quotient (HQ), total exposure hazard index (HI), and carcinogenic risk (CR), indicated CDI, HQ, and HI values below 1.0, except for the HI value for Ni. This suggests that the metals pose no probable public health risk, with the absence of Cd and Pb in date palm samples affirming no carcinogenic threats associated with their consumption.
Data from Crizotinib-Resistant NPM-ALK Mutants Confer Differential Sensitivity to Unrelated Alk Inhibitors
Authors: Ceccon Monica , Mologni Luca , Bisson William , Scapozza Leonardo , Gambacorti-Passerini Carlo
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The dual ALK/MET inhibitor crizotinib was recently approved for the treatment of metastatic and late-stage ALK+ NSCLC, and is currently in clinical trial for other ALK-related diseases. As predicted after other tyrosine kinase inhibitors' clinical experience, the first mutations that confer resistance to crizotinib have been described in patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and in one patient inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT). Here, we focused our attention on the anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), where the oncogenic fusion protein NPM-ALK, responsible for 70% to 80% of cases, represents an ideal crizotinib target. We selected and characterized 2 human NPM-ALK+ ALCL cell lines, KARPAS-299 and SUP-M2, able to survive and proliferate at different crizotinib concentrations. Sequencing of ALK kinase domain revealed that a single mutation became predominant at high crizotinib doses in each cell line, namely L1196Q and I1171N in Karpas-299 and SUP-M2 cells, respectively. These mutations also conferred resistance to crizotinib in Ba/F3 cells expressing human NPM-ALK. The resistant cell populations, as well as mutated Ba/F3 cells, were characterized for sensitivity to two additional ALK inhibitors: the dual ALK/EGFR inhibitor AP26113 and NVP-TAE684. While L1196Q-positive cell lines were sensitive to both inhibitors, cells carrying I1171N substitution showed cross-resistance to all ALK inhibitors tested. This study provides potentially relevant information for the management of patients with ALCL that may relapse after crizotinib treatment. Mol Cancer Res; 11(2); 122–32. ©2012 AACR.
Data from Stem Cell Marker Nestin Is Critical for TGF-β1-Mediated Tumor Progression in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Su Huei-Ting , Weng Ching-Chieh , Hsiao Pi-Jung , Chen Li-Hua , Kuo Tzu-Lei , Chen Yu-Wen , Kuo Kung-Kai , Cheng Kuang-Hung
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The stem cell marker nestin is an intermediate filament protein that plays an important role in cell integrity, migration, and differentiation. Nestin expression occurs in approximately one third of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and its expression strongly correlates with tumor staging and metastasis. Little is known about the mechanisms by which nestin influences PDAC progression. Here, nestin overexpression in PDAC cells increased cell motility and drove phenotypic changes associated with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro; conversely, knockdown of endogenous nestin expression reduced the migration rate and reverted cells to a more epithelial phenotype. Mouse xenograft studies showed that knockdown of nestin significantly reduced tumor incidence and volume. Nestin protein expression was associated with Smad4 status in PDAC cells; hence, nestin expression might be regulated by the TGF-β1/Smad4 pathway in PDAC. We examined nestin expression after TGF-β1 treatment in human pancreatic cancer PANC-1 and PANC-1 shSmad4 cells. The TGF-β1/Smad4 pathway induced nestin protein expression in PDAC cells in a Smad4-dependent manner. Moreover, increased nestin expression caused a positive feedback regulator of the TGF-β1 signaling system. In addition, hypoxia was shown to induce nestin expression in PDAC cells, and the hypoxia-induced expression of nestin is mediated by the TGF-β1/Smad4 pathway. Finally, the antimicrotubule inhibitors, cytochalasin D and withaferin A, exhibited anti-nestin activity; these inhibitors might be potential antimetastatic drugs. Our findings uncovered a novel role of nestin in regulating TGF-β1-induced EMT. Anti-nestin therapeutics may serve as a potential treatment for PDAC metastasis. Mol Cancer Res; 11(7); 768–79. ©2013 AACR.
Data from Acquisition of the Metastatic Phenotype Is Accompanied by H2O2-Dependent Activation of the p130Cas Signaling Complex
Authors: Hempel Nadine , Bartling Toni R. , Mian Badar , Melendez J. Andres
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have emerged as cellular signaling molecules and are implicated in metastatic disease by their ability to drive invasion and migration. Here, we define the signaling adaptor protein p130Cas (Crk-associated substrate) as a key redox-responsive molecular trigger that is engaged in highly invasive metastatic bladder tumor cell lines. Endogenous shifts in steady-state hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) that accompany the metastatic phenotype increase p130Cas phosphorylation, membrane recruitment and association with the scaffolding protein Crk, and subsequent Rac1 activation and actin reorganization. Both enzymatic and nonenzymatic scavenging of H2O2 abrogates p130Cas-dependent signaling and the migratory and invasive activity of the metastatic bladder tumor cells. Disruption of p130Cas attenuates both invasion and migration of the metastatic variant (253J-BV). 253J-BV cells displayed an increase in global thiol oxidation and a concomitant decrease in total phosphatase activity, common target proteins of active-site cysteine oxidation. The dependence of phosphatases on regulation of p130Cas was highlighted when depletion of PTPN12 enhanced p130cas phosphorylation and the migratory behavior of a noninvasive parental bladder tumor control (253J). These data show that the metastatic phenotype is accompanied by increases in steady-state H2O2 production that drive promigratory signaling and suggest that antioxidant-based therapeutics may prove useful in limiting bladder tumor invasiveness. Mol Cancer Res; 11(3); 303–12. ©2013 AACR.
Reprogramming the Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Immune Microenvironment by Chemotherapy and CTLA-4 Blockade Enhances Anti–PD-1 Therapy
Authors: Chen Jiang , Amoozgar Zohreh , Liu Xin , Aoki Shuichi , Liu Zelong , Shin Sarah M. , Matsui Aya , Hernandez Alexei , Pu Zhangya , Halvorsen Stefan , Lei Pin-Ji , Datta Meenal , Zhu Lingling , Ruan Zhiping , Shi Lei , Staiculescu Daniel , Inoue Koetsu , Munn Lance L. , Fukumura Dai , Huang Peigen , Sassi Slim , Bardeesy Nabeel , Ho Won Jin , Jain Rakesh K. , Duda Dan G.
Published: January 2024

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) has limited therapeutic options and a dismal prognosis. Adding blockade of the anti–programmed cell death protein (PD)-1 pathway to gemcitabine/cisplatin chemotherapy has recently shown efficacy in biliary tract cancers but with low response rates. Here, we studied the effects of anti–cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen (CTLA)-4 when combined with anti–PD-1 and gemcitabine/cisplatin in orthotopic murine models of ICC. This combination therapy led to substantial survival benefits and reduction of morbidity in two aggressive ICC models that were resistant to immunotherapy alone. Gemcitabine/cisplatin treatment increased tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and normalized the ICC vessels and, when combined with dual CTLA-4/PD-1 blockade, increased the number of activated CD8+Cxcr3+IFNγ+ T cells. CD8+ T cells were necessary for the therapeutic benefit because the efficacy was compromised when CD8+ T cells were depleted. Expression of Cxcr3 on CD8+ T cells is necessary and sufficient because CD8+ T cells from Cxcr3+/+ but not Cxcr3–/– mice rescued efficacy in T cell‒deficient mice. Finally, rational scheduling of anti–CTLA-4 “priming” with chemotherapy followed by anti–PD-1 therapy achieved equivalent efficacy with reduced overall drug exposure. These data suggest that this combination approach should be clinically tested to overcome resistance to current therapies in ICC patients.
Genome-Wide Analysis of DNA Methylation in Pseudomyxoma Peritonei Originated from Appendiceal Neoplasms
Authors: Takane Kiyoko , Cai Tingwei , Noguchi Rei , Gohda Yoshimasa , Ikenoue Tsuneo , Yamaguchi Kiyoshi , Ota Yasunori , Kiyomatsu Tomomichi , Yano Hideaki , Fukuyo Masaki , Seki Motoaki , Bahityar Rahmutulla , Kaneda Atsushi , Furukawa Yoichi
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a disease characterized by progressive accumulation of intraperitoneal mucinous ascites produced by neoplasms in the abdominal cavity. Since the prognosis of patients with PMP remains unsatisfactory, the development of effective therapeutic drug(s) is a matter of pressing concern. Genetic analyses of PMP have clarified the frequent activation of GNAS and/or KRAS. However, the involvement of global epigenetic alterations in PMPs has not been reported. Methods: To clarify the genetic background of the 15 PMP tumors, we performed genetic analysis using AmpliSeq Cancer HotSpot Panel v2. We further investigated global DNA methylation in the 15 tumors and eight noncancerous colonic epithelial tissues using MethylationEPIC array BeadChip (Infinium 850k) containing a total of 865,918 probes. Results: This is the first report of comprehensive DNA methylation profiles of PMPs in the world. We clarified that the 15 PMPs could be classified into at least two epigenotypes, unique methylation epigenotype (UME) and normal-like methylation epigenotype (NLME), and that genes associated with neuronal development and synaptic signaling may be involved in the development of PMPs. In addition, we identified a set of hypermethylation marker genes such as HOXD1 and TSPYL5 in the 15 PMPs. Conclusions: These findings may help the understanding of the molecular mechanism(s) of PMP and contribute to the development of therapeutic strategies for this life-threatening disease.
Meta-analysis of the effectiveness of ethnomathematics-based learning on student mathematical communication in Indonesia
Authors: Turmuzi Muhammad , Suharta I Gusti Putu , Astawa I Wayan Puja , Suparta I Nengah
Published: January 2024

This meta-analysis aims to determine the effect of ethnomathematics learning on students’ mathematical communication skills. Data from 28 research studies, including sample size, standard deviation, mean for both experimental and control groups, and other information, were collected using descriptive analysis. Data analysis techniques used meta-analysis on forest plots, with analytical techniques including heterogeneity testing, calculation of effect sizes, calculation of summary effects using random effects models, and identification of publication bias. The results showed that ethnomathematics-based learning improves students’ mathematical communication skills. The effectiveness of ethnomathematical and conventional learning on students’ mathematical communication skills is combined reliably. The effect size of ethnomathematical learning was 0.97 (95%-CI: 0.74; 1.20). Ethnomathematics-based learning is more effective when compared to traditional.
Predictor of academic performance: personality traits and catechol-O-methyltransferase polymorphisms
Authors: Ramli Salfarina , Rosli Nor Suhaila Rosmimi , Mohd Janor Roziah , Ahmad Rohana , Teh Lay Kek , Salleh Mohd Zaki , Abu Bakar Sahol Hamid , James Richard Johari
Published: January 2024

Personality traits and genetics are important factors in determining academic performance. Although there have been studies on the association between genetics and academic performance, there is limited data on the effect of personality traits and the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) rs4680 polymorphism on academic performance, particularly among university students in Malaysia. The objective of this study was to correlate the relationship between personality traits, COMT rs4680 polymorphism, and academic performance among health sciences undergraduate students at a Malaysian university. The research design was a correlational study where 221 students were recruited based on the convenient sampling approach. The demographic and international personality item pool (IPIP) questionnaires were administered online, whereas the COMT rs4680 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was determined using a tetra-primer allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). From the IPIP results, the conscientiousness trait was positively and significantly correlated with academic performance (r=0.141, p=0.036). Participants with homozygous Met/Met allele of the COMT rs4680 polymorphism tended to perform better in academics (p=0.009) as compared to participants with homozygous Val/Val and heterozygous Val/Met alleles. As a conclusion, students with a higher conscientiousness score and carriers of the homozygous Met/Met allele of COMT rs4680 showed better academic performance.
Online lectures with local wisdom context: efforts to develop students’ higher-order thinking skills
Authors: Hikmawati Hikmawati , Suastra I Wayan , Suma Ketut , Sudiatmika A. A. Istri Agung Rai
Published: January 2024

Indonesian students have low higher-order thinking skills (HOTS), so efforts are needed to improve these skills. This research aims to examine the effect of online learning with local wisdom context on students’ HOTS. The online learning in question is a lecture using Zoom Cloud Meeting (ZCM), Google Meet (GM), and a combination of GM and learning management system (LMS) SPADA Universitas Mataram. This study took a sample of 77 5th-semester students who took the 2021/2022 Physics Curriculum Study course at Universitas Mataram, Indonesia. This quantitative research method uses a posttest-only group design. The student HOTS data were obtained based on the essay test after the treatment. The data analysis used to test the research hypothesis is one-way ANOVA with calculations using the SPSS 25 application. The research results showed that the class combining GM and SPADA UNRAM with local wisdom context significantly affects students’ HOTS scores. The average score of HOTS with the lecture model is the highest compared to the other two classes. Thus, online lectures with local wisdom context using a combination of GM and SPADA UNRAM can be an effort to develop HOTS for prospective physics teacher students.
Student’s digital literacy competence and its implications for the learning process
Authors: Zulkarnain Iskandar , Sitepu Yovita Sabarina , Sutatminingsih Raras , Rajagukguk Mickhael
Published: January 2024

This study measures and compares the digital literacy index between general and vocational high school students. The aim is to determine each student’s ability to understand and implement literacy skills in the digital space. The notes from the findings of this study are then related to the proper implementation of the learning process between the two groups of education levels. This study uses quantitative methods, with the research design as a survey. The population of this research is general and vocational high school students in Medan, Indonesia using a margin of error of 5%. The sampling technique in this study used the quota sampling method proportionally to 400 respondents, with 220 respondents coming from general high school education level and 180 respondents from vocational education level. The results of this study indicate that vocational high school students have a higher digital literacy index than general high school students.
A corpus-based study of word-formation creativity in Facebook Philippine English
Authors: Dimaculangan Nimfa G. , Sarmiento Michelle B.
Published: January 2024

This paper is a study of English as a second language (ESL) teachers’ and students’ newly coined Facebook (FB) lexical items and expressions. It presents sample FB Philippine English (PhilE) words found in ESL teachers’ and students’ FB posts and messages and the formation mechanisms evident in the lexical items. The lexical items are culled from the researchers-built 50,000-word corpus of FB and FB Messenger conversations posted and sent by the mentioned texts’ contributors from the last quarter of 2016 to 2022. The PhilE neologisms are identified from their surrounding English lexical items and analyzed based on a proposed framework for PhilE word-formation processes, and ESL Englishes well-motivated innovations and criteria in standardizing its usages. Data analysis reveals over a hundred PhilE lexical items that are coined through the analytical frameworks used with the present paper’s additional proposed processes for FB lexical formation, hypocoristic extension, and anagrammatic transposition or backward spelling. The lexical items, in general, are colloquial, marking the informality of the FB PhilE register, although written in English. In terms of lexicon, it is advanced that FB English in the country is a variety of Internet PhilE, which should be taught in Sociolinguistics and ESL classrooms.
Structural effect of principals change leadership on e-learning effectiveness
Authors: Komariyah Laili , Adha Maulana Amirul , Ariyanti Nova Syafira
Published: January 2024

The aim of this research was to investigating the structural effect of the principal change leadership on the effectiveness of online-based learning with teacher work commitment and teacher attitudes towards change as mediator variables, which were approached quantitatively. Multilevel stratified proportional random sampling technique is used in sampling, while inclusion criteria are principals and teachers of primary schools who are still active in Kutai Kartanegara, Samarinda and Balikpapan, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. The structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis technique is used in this research. The results of the study show that the principals’ change leadership has a direct effect on the effectiveness of online-based learning, as well as an indirect effect through teacher work commitment and teacher attitudes towards change. This research contributes both theoretically and practically, where the change leadership demonstrated by the principal can ideally encourage teacher work commitment and teacher attitudes towards change, which in turn can promote the effectiveness of the implementation of online learning, as an effort to meet student learning needs.
Integration of information and communication technology in teaching English among in-service teachers
Authors: Ran Peng , Razak Rafiza Abdul , Siti Hajar Halili Siti Hajar Halili
Published: January 2024

The widespread application of information and communications technology (ICT) in the field of education has drawn criticism. This investigation was to discover factors influencing English language teaching (ELT) in-service teachers’ integration of ICT. The sample consists of 1216 in-service teachers who teach English language in China. Four factors are found to influence ELT in-service teachers’ integration of ICT: attitudes, self-efficacy, digital competence, and digital tools use. The findings of the research utilizing the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) approach demonstrated that all four criteria have a substantial impact on how ICT is integrated by ELT in-service teachers. By considering all the variables that affect ELT in-service instructors, this research offered helpful insights for an effective designs of English language teaching with ICT.
Cooperative learning implementation among elementary Trust School Teacher Program
Authors: Abdol Jani Wan Nur Fuziana , Razali Fazilah , Ismail Normala
Published: January 2024

Malaysia’s education system is continuously transforming to provide pupils with 21st-century skills. Cooperative learning is viewed as a studentcentered approach that helps pupils develop 21st-century learner characteristics. This study aims to identify the relationship between teachers’ content knowledge, pedagogical knowledge, and technological knowledge with the implementation of cooperative learning. A total of 100 elementary Trust School Program teachers in Selangor were involved in this quantitative study, which comprises a correlational design. Respondents were randomly selected to answer the teachers’ cooperative learning questionnaire (TCLQ) and the content, pedagogical, and technological knowledge questionnaire. The findings obtained indicate that teachers’ content knowledge, pedagogical knowledge, and technological knowledge are at a high level. No significant difference was reported between teachers’ knowledge and implementation of cooperative learning based on years of teaching experience in Trust School Program. The result also revealed a positive and strong relationship between content knowledge and cooperative learning implementation (r=0.551, p=0.000), as well as a positive and strong relationship between pedagogical knowledge and cooperative learning implementation (r=0.603, p=0.000). However, a positive and moderate relationship was reported between teachers’ technological knowledge and cooperative learning implementation (r=0.384, p=0.000). This study can help raise awareness about the elements that educational policymakers and educators need to take into account during cooperative learning.
Development of SMART-P to improve parental locus of control and children’s social-emotional development
Authors: Yafie Evania , Ashari Zakiah Mohamad , Samah Norazrena Abu , Setyaningsih Diana , Wahyuningtyas Dessy Putri , Wiranata I Gusti Lanang Agung
Published: January 2024

Child social-emotional development is improved by parental locus of control. Parents with a healthy locus of control can teach children about social-emotional development. Parents require training to improve their parenting skills. This study will create, administer, and evaluate the seamless mobile-assisted real training for parent (SMART-P) application on parental locus of control and children’s social and emotional development. The mixmethod study used an analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation (ADDIE) model and experimental quantification research strategy. An explanatory study with a non-equivalent control group design and control-experiment classes is used. This study includes analysis, design, development, research instrument development, implementation, and assessment. This study sampled 150 parents of 4-year-olds and 6 experts, including 714 from Posyandu (Integrated Service Post) in five Malang City areas. The data was collected via questionnaires and observation checklists. This study analyzes data using descriptive percentages and SPSS. The findings showed that i) SMART-P is valid and acceptable as a training medium; ii) parental locus of parental control is significantly influenced before and after receiving SMART-P parenting training; iii) children’s social and emotional development is significantly impacted before and after parents receive care using the program; and iv) there is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the influence on parental continuous. SMART-P parenting research is needed to enhance parental locus of control and children’s social-emotional development
Scaffolding instruction for improvement in learning English language skills
Authors: Arora Bani , Al-Wadi Hasan , Afari Ernest
Published: January 2024

Students who learn English as a foreign language (EFL) or English as a second language (ESL) often struggle with limited vocabulary and poor reading comprehension skills. This action research explores the effectiveness of implementing scaffolding instruction for university level EFL/ESL students in improving their language learning skills, namely critical reading, and study skills for reading. A sample of 36 foundation year students was involved in two cycles of intervention. Triangulation of data collection was done after each cycle through student survey (SS), language learning assessment (LLA) tasks and an observation checklist to measure the impact of the proposed practice on the improvement in the participants’ learning. The scaffolding techniques used were soft versus hard (support provided only till needed), chunking (breaking down information), modelling (giving clear examples), bridging (using prior knowledge) and contextualizing (making connections). Both the quantitative and qualitative data revealed that scaffolding instruction significantly improved the participants’ language learning skills. For sustainable education, the findings emphasize the importance of conducting scaffolding instruction in small groups, assigning pre-planned and well-structured tasks with clear instructions, and providing scaffolding ‘as and when needed’ especially in a mixed ability group of EFL/ESL students.
Student satisfaction in the context of hybrid learning through sentiment analysis
Authors: Chamorro-Atalaya Omar , Sobrino-Chunga Lisle , Guerrero-Carranza Rosemary , Vargas-Díaz Ademar , Poma-Garcia Claudia
Published: January 2024

With the incursion of data science into the academic field and the massification of social networks, it is possible to extract information on student satisfaction that contributes to feedback on teacher teaching strategies and methods. This article aims to determine student satisfaction with teaching performance, through sentiment analysis. Methodologically, the research is of a non-experimental longitudinal design, with a quantitative approach. Data collection was carried out through the social network Twitter, and data analysis was carried out through the sentiment analysis technique. As a result, it was identified that in the first week of class, the highest level of satisfaction was obtained, reaching 96.3% of the total number of students. Meanwhile, in the evaluation weeks, the highest level of dissatisfaction was reaching 29.17%. It is concluded that when going from totally virtual learning to hybrid learning, students express a certain level of dissatisfaction typical of a process of progressive adaptation. Therefore, teachers should take advantage of these findings to redesign assessment rubrics in the context of hybrid teaching. Aspects such as collecting opinions through social networks and extracting a degree of satisfaction through them apply in a crossed way to other professional fields.
Learning media projects with YouTube videos: a dynamic tool for improving mathematics achievement
Authors: Kusmaryono Imam , Basir Mochamad Abdul
Published: January 2024

This research was designed with a descriptive research approach. The research objectives of the study were to: i) investigate the impact of the project task of learning video media on prospective teachers and students; ii) analyze the important role of instructional video media as a learning assistant for students; and iii) describe the function of instructional video media in increasing students’ interest and achievement in learning. This research involved 100 participants consisting of 10 students of a teacher education study program (prospective teachers), and 90 junior high school students. The researchers collected data through tests; questionnaires; and interviews. Researchers analyzed the data through descriptive statistical analysis. The results of the study indicated that the project assignment of making videos for learning (on a YouTube channel) provided a positive impact on learning experiences for teachers (prospective teachers) and students. Mathematics learning video media has a role as a digital native that may help overcome the limitations of students’ knowledge and understanding. Mathematics learning videos on the YouTube channel can be a dynamic tool to increase students’ interest (as an attention, and affective function) and to improve students’ mathematics learning achievement (as a cognitive function).
Development of a multilingual online course with the language support for teaching physics in English
Authors: Zhakupov Nursultan Ruslanovich , Seitkhanova Ainur , Dakhin Alexander
Published: January 2024

Distance education offers an alternative to traditional teaching methods, particularly online courses. During the pandemic, the role of information and communication technologies in the field of education has increased and is used to organize both synchronous and asynchronous learning. However, not all information and communication technology (ICT) tools and platforms provide the necessary functionality for developing online courses in the direction of language integration. This article discusses the issues of creating a multilingual online course of physics in English with the necessary language support and additional functions for the development of students’ academic language. The study used such methods as a survey, focus groups, analytical and descriptive methods, and empirical research. The key features of the developed course are the use of various types of content and methods for assessing both subject and language knowledge and skills. The presented survey results, data on summative assessment (SE), and trial testing show the effectiveness of the developed course modules. The conclusions and results described in the article will be useful to teachers of natural sciences in general education and private schools, especially those using international programs, deputy directors, as well as teachers who teach their subjects in a second or third language.
Drivers of organizational citizenship behavior of elementary school teachers
Authors: Bismala Lila , Syaifuddin Syaifuddin , Sembiring Rasmulia
Published: January 2024

This study aims to examine the effect of self-efficacy, intrinsic motivation on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) of elementary school teachers in the post-COVID-19 pandemic mediated by teacher engagement and moderated by job characteristics. A total of 285 valid questionnaires, were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling with SmartPLS3 software. The results showed that teacher engagement mediates the effects of self-efficacy and intrinsic motivation on organizational citizenship behavior. Job characteristics moderate the effect of intrinsic motivation and self-efficacy on teacher engagement, where moderation in the relationship between intrinsic motivation and teacher engagement is positive, and the moderating role in the relationship between self-efficacy and teacher engagement is negative. This shows that the school must be able to encourage teachers to demonstrate OCB in the school environment, so that teachers are willing to help their students and colleagues deal with learning in the post-pandemic period, in addition to jobs that offer a high degree of autonomy, task variety, task significance, and feedback.
Factors influencing employee retention of academic home tutors in a private school
Authors: Ping Lim Lee , Hee Ong Choon , Kowang Tan Owee , Wu Chi-Hua
Published: January 2024

This study’s goal is to investigate the links between pay and benefits, worklife balance, professional development, and employee retention among academic home tutors in a Malaysian private school. Data from 80 respondents from this private school were gathered using a quantitative survey method. Statistical package for social science (SPSS) was employed throughout the study to analyze the data. The study results showed that salary & compensation and career enhancement positively correlate with employee retention. Meanwhile, work-life balance was not statistically linked with employee retention. The management should revise the human resource management practices by including these elements. The management should design salary & compensation packages that fit with individual knowledge, capabilities, and performance. The management may also consider offering flexible work schedules, such as training, mentoring, job mobility, and a reduction in working hours, as well as wellness assistance, such as counselling services and health and wellness initiatives. This will give employees the chance to advance their careers.
New trends in research skills development of future teachers: quantitative approach and empirical studies
Authors: Altynbekov Shadiyar , Abdualiyeva Marzhan , Ashirbayev Nurgali , Torebek Yerlan , Abzhapbarov Azimkhan , Ashirbayeva Zhansaya
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the use of technology and the development of research skills in future teachers, specifically current graduate students participating in Mathematical Olympiads. The study used a quantitative approach and analyzed data collected through a survey. The findings indicated that quantitative analysis skills, problem-solving skills, communication skills, and research methodology skills are the dimensions of research skills in future teachers. The results showed that the use of digital tools for literature searching and curation, online courses and workshops (OCWs), collaborative learning and discussion forums, and data analysis software significantly and positively affected research skills. However, the study failed to provide evidence that digital portfolios (DPs) affected research skills. The limitations of the study and recommendations for future research are discussed. In conclusion, the findings highlight the importance of technology in the development of research skills in future teachers and suggest that technology-based learning resources and tools should be integrated into teacher training programs.
AVCAPIR: A Novel Procalcific PIWI-Interacting RNA in Calcific Aortic Valve Disease
Authors: Han Dong , Zhou Tingwen , Li Lifu , Ma Yan , Chen Shiqi , Yang Chunguang , Ma Ning , Song Moshi , Zhang Shaoshao , Wu Jie , Cao Feng , Wang Yongjun
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND:

Calcification of the aortic valve leads to increased leaflet stiffness and consequently results in the development of calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD). However, the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms of calcification remain unclear. Here, we identified a novel aortic valve calcification-associated PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA; AVCAPIR) that increases valvular calcification and promotes CAVD progression.

METHODS:

Using piRNA sequencing, we identified piRNAs contributing to the pathogenesis of CAVD that we termed AVCAPIRs. High-cholesterol diet–fed ApoE
–/–
mice with AVCAPIR knockout were used to examine the role of AVCAPIR in aortic valve calcification (AVC). Gain- and loss-of-function assays were conducted to determine the role of AVCAPIR in the induced osteogenic differentiation of human valvular interstitial cells. To dissect the mechanisms underlying AVCAPIR-elicited procalcific effects, we performed various analyses, including an RNA pulldown assay followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing, and RNA sequencing. RNA pulldown and RNA immunoprecipitation assays were used to study piRNA interactions with proteins.

RESULTS:

We found that AVCAPIR was significantly upregulated during AVC and exhibited potential diagnostic value for CAVD. AVCAPIR deletion markedly ameliorated AVC in high-cholesterol diet–fed ApoE
–/–
mice, as shown by reduced thickness and calcium deposition in the aortic valve leaflets, improved echocardiographic parameters (decreased peak transvalvular jet velocity and mean transvalvular pressure gradient, as well as increased aortic valve area), and diminished levels of osteogenic markers (Runx2 and Osterix) in aortic valves. These results were confirmed in osteogenic medium–induced human valvular interstitial cells. Using unbiased protein-RNA screening and molecular validation, we found that AVCAPIR directly interacts with FTO (fat mass and obesity-associated protein), subsequently blocking its
N
6
-methyladenosine demethylase activity. Further transcriptomic and
N
6
-methyladenosine modification epitranscriptomic screening followed by molecular validation confirmed that AVCAPIR hindered FTO-mediated demethylation of CD36 mRNA transcripts, thus enhancing CD36 mRNA stability through the
N
6
-methyladenosine reader IGF2BP1 (insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 1). In turn, the AVCAPIR-dependent increase in CD36 stabilizes its binding partner PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9), a procalcific gene, at the protein level, which accelerates the progression of AVC.

CONCLUSIONS:

We identified a novel piRNA that induced AVC through an RNA epigenetic mechanism and provide novel insights into piRNA-directed theranostics in CAVD.