bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stakeholders’ Contributions on Implementing Re-admission of Adolescent Mothers in the Public Alternative Secondary Education Pathway in Ilemela District, Mwanza, Tanzania
Authors: Richard Edina , Rupia Clara , Mkulu Demetria
Published: November 2023

This study aimed to identify the contributions of stakeholders to implementing re-admission of adolescent mothers in public alternative secondary education pathways in Ilemela District. The study used a mixed research approach and an embedded mixed-method research design. The study employed both qualitative and quantitative data. Simple random sampling, purposive sampling, and stratified random sampling were applied to obtain a sample size of 111 respondents. Data was gathered using questionnaires, interviews, and a documentary review. The content and face validity of the instrument were checked. Also, the reliability of the instruments was checked, and a correlation coefficient of 0.7 shows that the instruments were valid and reliable. Data gathered from questionnaires were analyzed using descriptive statistics aided by Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 21, and data collected from interviews and documentary reviews was analyzed thematically. The findings revealed various contributions made by stakeholders in implementing the program, like the provision of teaching and learning materials, paid teachers’ allowances and fee compensation, financial assistance, guidance, and counseling. The study concluded that the re-admission program should be improved by constructing more centers, providing the resources needed for learning and daycare centers for taking care of babies of adolescent mothers, and promoting more education about the program to parents and adolescent mothers to encourage many more adolescent mothers to join and reduce the burden of having uneducated mothers in society in the future.
Von der Geschlechterpolitik zur diversitätsorientierten Gleichstellungspolitik im österreichischen Hochschul- und Forschungsraum
Authors:   Bundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und Forschung, Ebersteiner Raffaela , Schaller-Steidl Roberta , Wroblewski Angela ,   IHS - Institut für Höhere Studien
Published: November 2023

Das Buch soll zwei Jahrzehnte der Gleichstellungsarbeit abbilden. Entwicklungen wurden dafür skizziert und Gleichstellungsakteurinnen und -akteure um ihre Einschätzung gefragt. Zu Wort gekommen sind Genderforschende sowie Praktikerinnen und Praktiker auf dem Gebiet der Gleichstellungsarbeit in Wissenschaft, Forschung und Innovation. Die so entstandenen Beiträge sind größtenteils Beispiele institutioneller Forschung (u. a. Analysen zur Unterstützung der Entscheidungsfindung und Planung an der Hochschule oder Forschungseinrichtung). Sie fußen auf Erfahrung, Wissen und Kompetenzen sowie auf dem Austausch zwischen Forschenden, Praktikerinnen und Praktikern. Das Bundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und Forschung rückt mit dem vorliegenden Band die Fortschritte der vergangenen zwei Dekaden in den Fokus, um zu reflektieren. Ziel war es, den Wissensbestand zu sichern und für die Politikgestaltung nutzbar zu machen.
Militarización y cambio climático. La geografía mundial de ocupación militar estadounidense y la huella ecológica del Pentágono
Authors: Herrera Santana David
Published: November 2023

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La participación social en educación: un dilema por resolver
Authors: Canales Sánchez Alejandro
Published: November 2023

Este ensayo examina el fracaso de la estructura organizativa de participación social en la educación. Primero analiza la emergencia de la llamada sociedad civil, para subrayar la diferenciación entre sociedad y Estado y ubicar el problema de la institucionalización de la sociedad civil. Posteriormente aborda el significado de participar, para resaltar que ahí radica otro aspecto importante del fracaso. En tercer lugar, describe los Consejos de Participación Social y el reconocimiento de sus fallas en el programa sectorial de esta administración. Al final, recapitula los diferentes elementos analizados y plantea que el problema fundamental es suponer que si se crean instancias de contacto entre gobierno y sociedad se tiene resuelto el complejo tema de la participación social y el buen gobierno.
Historias de vida, entre la literatura y la ciencia
Authors: Righetti Marco
Published: November 2023

El presente texto reflexiona sobre el método autobiográfico y su actual “fortuna”, difundida entre las diversas ciencias que estudian al ser humano. Se reconoce en él una epistemología democrática, que valora toda vivencia, sin incurrir en diferencias étnicas, de edad, de clase social, de género, capaz de orientar todo el curso de la vida hacia una dimensión educativa. La convicción de fondo que subyace en ello es que, a través de la autobiografía y sus instrumentos de indagación, el hombre tiende a tomar conciencia del propio ser en el mundo.
AI-Driven Urban Traffic Optimization to Assess Complex Traffic Patterns for Public Traffic Control and Mobility
Authors: V Prajwal , R Abhay , D Rohith Gowda , G Savitha
Published: November 2023

Abstract: The project "AI for Urban Traffic Optimization" is a major and novel method for addressing the issues of modern urban transportation networks. This research study highlights the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in transforming traffic management by merging AI with the Internet of Things (IoT). It has several advantages, such as efficient traffic flow optimization, predictive congestion analysis, adaptive traffic signal management, speedy accident detection and reaction, public transit optimization, and enhanced traffic enforcement. These developments have the potential to reduce traffic congestion, fuel consumption, and pollution, eventually fostering a cleaner and more sustainable urban environment.The study acknowledges the difficulties, such as privacy issues and potential biases, but underlines the importance of rigorous preparation, openness, and public input in order to achieve responsible AI adoption. AI traffic management has a bright future as it continues to improve and transform modern cities, providing efficient, safe, and environmentally friendly transportation solutions. Collaboration among researchers, politicians, and industry stakeholders is critical to advancing this breakthrough technology and creating more livable urban settings
EFEITOS DE UM PROGRAMA DE CAPACITAÇÃO DE SUSTENTABILIDADE PARA CATADORES PAULISTAS DE MATERIAIS RECICLÁVEIS E COMUNIDADES LOCAIS
Authors: Abelha Daniel Martins , Vasconcellos Liliana , De Siqueira Ana Carolina Ferreira , Vasconcellos Eduardo Pinheiro Gondim
Published: November 2023

Objetivo: o estudo buscou analisar os efeitos de um programa de capacitação para catadores de materiais recicláveis e suas comunidades, presentes na região metropolitana de São Paulo.
Método/abordagem: o estudo segue a abordagem qualitativa, de pesquisa documental, com 22 entrevistas realizadas em campo, e aplicação dos modelos teóricos do Triple Bottom Line de Elkington (1998), de avaliação de programas de capacitação de Kirkpatrick e Kirkpatrick (2010) e da análise categórica de Flores (1994).
Principais Resultados: os resultados indicaram efeitos sociais, econômicos e ambientais relevantes no contexto comunitário de atuação desses profissionais.
Contribuições teóricas/práticas/sociais: o estudo colabora com os 17 ODS liderados pela ONU e amplia o papel social do catador para o desenvolvimento de comunidades sustentáveis.
Originalidade/relevância: o estudo destaca sua originalidade ao investigar programas de capacitação de sustentabilidade para catadores de materiais recicláveis, bem como os efeitos desses conhecimentos para o progresso de comunidades em estado de vulnerabilidade social.
Formulation and in vitro Evaluation of Verapamil Hydrochloride Floating Tablets
Authors: Prajapati Rima Kumari , P. Muchalambe Sujatha , Abdul Ahad Hindustan , Kumar Shukla Saurabh , Sahani Pushpa
Published: November 2023

The present research work aims to formulate and evaluate novel sustained-discharge floating tablets of verapamilhydrochloride (VPH) which is used for the treatment of hypertension. We aim to use a direct compression technique to formulatethe floating tablets. The characterization of the formulation of VPH was carried out by employing FT-IR and DSC studies, whichshowed that there was no chemical interaction between the drug and polymers, such as HPMC K100M, chitosan, and sodiumalginate. The tablets are designed to have good in-vitro buoyancy, and they remain afloat in the dissolution medium. The bestformulation (F7) is chosen based on its maximum drug discharge (91.91±2.25%) and drug content (97.20±2.71%) over 12h. Thedischarge kinetics of the drug from the tablets are analyzed using various mathematical models, such as zero order, first order,Higuchi, and Korsmeyer's equations. These models help explain and predict drug discharge behavior over time. The studyconcludes that a proper balance between the sustained-release polymer and the gas-forming agent is essential for efficient in-vitrobuoyancy and sustained drug discharge. Formulation F7, which utilized sodium alginate, appears to be the most promising in termsof drug discharge and content.
Ciudad Inteligente: mejoramiento de la seguridad ciudadana a través del uso de nuevas tecnologías
Authors: Verjel-Clavijo Gerardo Alfonso , Guerrero-Bayona Angela María
Published: November 2023

El crecimiento poblacional acelerado en las grandes ciudades supone un gran reto a los gobiernos, debido a que con dicho crecimiento aumentan las problemáticas sociales, económicas e infraestructurales y que para hacerles frente es necesario que dichas ciudades implementen nuevos sistemas de seguridad con las tecnologías emergentes y así garantizar a sus habitantes una mejor calidad de vida, acceso a más servicios y más oportunidades laborales. El propósito de este artículo es enfatizar los aspectos de una Smart City desde la seguridad, promover la implementación del uso de tecnologías gubernamentales que aprovechan mejor los recursos para facilitar la realización de labores que le sean de fácil acceso a los ciudadanos, convirtiéndolos en Smart Citizens. La metodología utilizada es la referenciación de bases de datos electrónicas, artículos e investigaciones científicas. Es vital contar con una mejora en la infraestructura de seguridad cumpliendo con demandas, estándares ambientales y que todo sea rentable y sostenible. Se concluye que las tecnologías ofrecidas por las Smart Cities al lograr las ventajas mencionadas consiguen una evolución en su desempeño que las vuelve más habitables y receptivas; hacen que el Smart Citizen se sienta seguro y confiado al interactuar con las tecnologías inteligentes que le rodean.
Multipath model and suppression in airborne array-InSAR radar tomography
Authors: Guo Qichang , Liang Xingdong , Wan Yangliang , Li Hang , Dai Yujie
Published: November 2023

Array-InSAR tomography has become a field of intensive research to
reconstruct urban 3D point clouds. However, multipath interference is
very obvious in the reconstructed 3D point clouds, seriously affecting
the recognition, extraction, and modeling of the building. In this
letter, the authors proposed a novel multipath suppression method to
improve the quality of point clouds, which mainly utilizes the
characteristics of secondary and tertiary scattering. The performance of
the method is verified through airborne array-InSAR data. Experimental
results show that the proposed method can automatically obtain large
scene urban 3D point clouds without multipath interference.
Impact of Ambient Air Pollutants on Influenza-like illness, Influenza A and Influenza B: A Nationwide Time-Series Study in China
Authors: xiao shenglan , Wang Dina , Wu Yadi , Huang Xi , Zhang Qing , Wang Dayan , Shu Yuelong
Published: November 2023

Influenza constitutes a critical respiratory infection that imposes
significant public health burdens. The precise influence of these
pollutants on influenza activity remains unclear. This study aimed to
investigate the effects of different air pollutants on the incidence of
influenza-like illness (ILI), influenza A (Flu A), and influenza B (Flu
B) in China based on nationwide data on air pollution and the influenza
data from 554 sentinel hospitals across 30 provinces and municipalities
from 2014 to 2017. Distributed Lag Nonlinear Model (DLNM) was employed
to discern the lagged effects amid the concentrations of six distinct
air pollutants, namely PM2.5, PM10, O , CO, SO
, and NO , and the incidence of ILI,
Flu A, as well as Flu B. Our analysis indicated that there was generally
no distinction in the effects of air pollutants on the incidence of ILI,
Flu A, and Flu B, although variations existed in terms of the specific
level of risk associated with each of these categories. Specifically,
elevated levels of PM2.5, PM10, CO, SO , and NO
were predominantly associated with an increased risk
of influenza. In contrast, the effect of O
concentration on influenza was bidirectional whereby it promoted
influenza outbreaks at low and high levels.
Practical Synthesis of Valbenazine via 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition
Authors: Peng Yalan , Lin Zuming , Zhu Lili , Han Shiqing , Huang Sha-Hua , Hong Ran
Published: November 2023

Valbenazine (Ingrezza), a potent and highly selective inhibitor of
vesicular monoamine transporter type 2 (VMAT2) through the active
metabolite hydrotetrabenazine (HTBZ), has been approved for the
treatment of tardive dyskinesia and, very recently, for chorea, which is
associated with Huntington’s disease. Despite numerous synthetic efforts
dedicated to the synthesis of HTBZ, the industrial preparation of
valbenazine uses dihydroisoquinoline as a starting material and the
chiral resolution of racemic HTBZ derived from ketone reduction. Herein,
we present a practical synthesis of HTBZ and valbenazine featuring a
highly stereoselective 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition and enzymatic kinetic
resolution. The cascade process includes cycloaddition, N˗O bond
cleavage, and lactamization, which proved to be operationally facile.
The allure of the enzymatic resolution developed in this work offers a
rapid access toward affording tetrahydroi-soquinoline (THIQ)-fused
piperidine to access key frameworks in the production of medically
significant compounds, such as yohimbine and reserpine.
Music in Pregnancy to Improve Maternal Stress Resilience in Favor of the Offspring: A Systematic Review
Authors: Maul Johanna , Behnam Susann , Wimberger Pauline , Arabin Birgit
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground: Maternal mental health influences
the metabolism and growth of fetal brain structures affecting their
skills up to adulthood. Objective: Main objective is whether
music interventions improve modifiable maternal health outcomes.
Search Strategy: Up to July 2023, randomized controlled trials
(RCTs) investigating music during pregnancy were identified using
MEDLINE, CENTRAL, WEB OF SCIENCE. Selection Criteria: Using
COVIDENCE reviewers screened for RCTs with >3 interventions
applying the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), State-Trait-Anxiety Inventory
(STAI), Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), or blood pressure
(BP) as outcome measures. Data Collection and Analysis: The
revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool (RoB2) and the reversed Cohen’s d
were applied to investigate the impact of target groups, frequency, type
and selection of music programs. The review was registered via PROSPERO
CRD42022299950. Main Results: From 251 records, 14 RCTs (16
intervention arms) and 2375 pregnancies were included. Music
interventions varied from 3 to 84 active or passive music sessions per
pregnancy or 10 to 60 minutes per day and significantly decreased PSS in
2/4, STAI in 8/9, EPDS in 3/4 and BP in 3/4 RCTs. RoB2 was high in 5/14,
or “with concerns” in 9/14 studies. Stratifying the Cohen’s d in 14
interventions arms suggested a big effect in 234/469 mothers on BP, and
in 244/489 mothers on maternal anxiety. Conclusion: The
findings show the dretailed potential of music interventions on maternal
BP, stress resilience or anxiety complementing our research on complex
music interventions throughout pregnancy in times of pandemics, violent
conflicts, or natural catastrophes. Funding: Clara Angela
Foundation. Key words: Music in pregnancy, systematic review,
maternal stress, anxiety, and depression.
Analysis of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 inhibitor adverse events in both younger and older adults using the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System database
Authors: Fang Qiongtong , Fang Qiongyan , Huang Fuqiang , Wu Xinrong , Zhao Huibin , Liang Jiabi , Chen Yishen , Li Cheng , Zhang Meirong , Luo Wen-ji
Published: November 2023

Abstract Aim The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted
approval for the use of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 inhibitors
(CDKIs) in the management of advanced and metastatic breast cancer. We
evaluated the real-world data associated with safety in younger and
older adults base on Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database of
the FDA. Methods We conducted disproportionality analysis to detect and
compare CDKI-related adverse events (AEs) among the younger and older
adults. Results The data used were from 3,851, 64,731, and 8,420 case
reports on abemaciclib, palbociclib, and ribociclib, respectively
Disproportionality analysis revealed 170, 397, and 626 AEs of
abemaciclib, palbociclib, and ribociclib, respectively, in younger
adults, and 113, 475, and 557 in older adults. The numbers of system
organ classes for abemaciclib, palbociclib, and ribociclib were 27 each
among younger adults, and 25, 27, and 27 among older adults. We found
several expected AE signals same with drug instructions, such as
diarrhea, neutropenia, and thromboembolic events. Furthermore,
unexpected AE signals, such as campylobacter sepsis, enterococcal
endocarditis, and atrioventricular block were identified. Conclusion Our
results align with clinical observations, emphasizing possible AEs
associated with CDKIs. It is essential to conduct future clinical
research to confirm differences in CDKIs among younger and older
individuals.
Roles of ROS and redox in regulating cell-to-cell communication: Spotlight on viral modulation of redox for local spread
Authors: Burch-Smith Tessa M. , Alazem Mazen
Published: November 2023

Reactive oxygen species are important signaling molecules that influence
many aspects of plant biology. One way in which ROS influence plant
growth and development is by modifying intercellular trafficking through
plasmodesmata (PD). Viruses have evolved to use plasmodesmata for their
local cell-to-cell spread between plant cells, so it is therefore not
surprising that they have found ways to modulate ROS and redox signaling
to optimize plasmodesmata function for their benefit. This review
examines how intracellular signaling via ROS and redox pathways regulate
intercellular trafficking via PD during development and stress. The
relationship between viruses and ROS-redox systems, and the strategies
viruses employ to control PD function by interfering with ROS-redox in
plants is also discussed.
The multidimensionality of plant drought stress: The relative importance of edaphic and atmospheric drought
Authors: Berauer Bernd J. , Steppuhn Anke , Schweiger Andreas
Published: November 2023

Drought threatens plant growth and related ecosystem services. The
emergence of plant drought stress under edaphic drought is well studied,
whilst the importance of atmospheric drought only recently gained
momentum. Yet, little is known about the interaction and relative
contribution of edaphic and atmospheric drought on the emergence of
plant drought stress. We conducted a gradient experiment, fully crossing
gravimetric water content (GWC: field capacity-permanent wilting point)
and vapour pressure deficit (VPD: 1-2.25kPa) using five wheat varieties
from three species ( Triticum monococcum, T. durum &
T. aestivum). We quantified the emergence of plant drought stress
on molecular (ABA), cellular (stomatal conductance), organ (leaf water
potential) and stand level (evapotranspiration). Plant drought stress
increased with decreasing GWC across all organisational levels. This
effect was magnified non-linearly by VPD after passing a critical
threshold of soil water availability. At around 20% GWC plants lost
their ability to regulate leaf water potential via stomata regulation,
followed by the emergence of hydraulic dysfunction. The emergence of
plant drought stress is characterized by changing relative contributions
of soil vs. atmosphere and their non-linear interaction. This highly
non-linear response, consequently, is likely to abruptly alter
plant-related ecosystem services in a drying world.
On the Mechanisms Driving Latent Heat Flux Variations in the Northwest Tropical Atlantic
Authors: Fernández Pablo , Speich Sabrina , Bellenger Hugo , Vega Diego Lange , Karstensen Johannes , Zhang Dongxiao , Rocha Cesar Barbedo
Published: November 2023

The Northwest Tropical Atlantic (NWTA) is a region with complex surface
ocean circulation. The most prominent feature is the North Brazil
Current (NBC) and its retroflection at 8ºN that leads to the formation
of numerous mesoscale eddies known as NBC rings. The NWTA also receives
the outflow of the Amazon River, generating freshwater plumes that can
extend up to 100,000 km. These two processes affect
the spatial variability of the region’s surface latent heat flux (LHF).
First, the presence of surface freshwater modifies the vertical
stratification of the ocean limiting the amount of heat that can be
released to the atmosphere. Second, they create a highly heterogeneous
mesoscale sea-surface temperature (SST) field that directly influences
near-surface atmospheric circulation. These effects are illustrated byd
from the ElUcidating the RolE of Cloud-Circulation Coupling in ClimAte -
Ocean Atmosphere (EURECA-OA) and Atlantic Tradewind
Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction Campaign (ATOMIC) experiments, satellite
and reanalysis data. We decompose the LHF budget into several terms
controlled by different atmospheric and oceanic processes to identify
the mechanisms leading to LHF changes. We find LHF variations of up to
160 W m, of which 100 W m are
associated with wind speed changes and 40 W m with
SST variations. Surface currents or stratification-change associated
heat release remain as second-order contributions with LHF variations of
less than 10 W m each. Although this study is limited
by the paucity of collocated observations, it highlights the importance
of considering these three components to properly characterize LHF
variability at different spatial scales.
Reflecting on Our Present Self-Awareness of Not Having Found Any Life Beyond Earth
Authors: Jiang Jonathan H , Taylor Stuart Fisher , Searra Nick , Rosen Philip E.
Published: November 2023

The quest for finding extraterrestrial life has been a fascination for
humanity for centuries, yet we have not yet found any concrete evidence
of life beyond our planet, except for some hints of methane on Mars. It
is essential to document this time of not having found any life to fully
describe our perspective to other civilizations, anticipate how these
events may change humanity, and appreciate the uncertainty of our
knowledge about the universe.
Exploring the Potential of Long Short-Term Memory Networks for Predicting Net CO2 Exchange Across Various Ecosystems With Multi-Source Data
Authors: Huang Chengcheng , He Wei , Liu Jinxiu , Nguyen Ngoc Tu , Yang Hua , Lv Yiming , Chen Hui , Zhao Mengyao
Published: November 2023

Upscaling flux tower measurements based on machine learning (ML)
algorithms is an essential approach for large-scale net ecosystem CO2
exchange (NEE) estimation, but existing ML upscaling methods face some
challenges, particularly in capturing NEE interannual variations (IAVs)
that may relate to lagged effects. With the capacity of characterizing
temporal memory effects, the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks are
expected to help solve this problem. Here we explored the potential of
LSTM for predicting NEE across various ecosystems using flux tower data
over 82 sites in North America. The LSTM model with differentiated plant
function types (PFTs) demonstrates the capability to explain 79.19% (R2
= 0.79) of the monthly variations in NEE within the testing set, with
RMSE and MAE values of 0.89 and 0.57 g C m-2 d-1 respectively (r = 0.89,
p < 0.001). Moreover, the LSTM model performed robustly in
predicting cross-site variability, with 67.19% of the sites that can be
predicted by both LSTM models with and without distinguished PFTs
showing improved predictive ability. Most importantly, the IAV of
predicted NEE highly correlated with that in flux observations (r =
0.81, p < 0.001), clearly outperforming that by the random
forest model (r = -0.21, p = 0.011). Among all nine PFTs, solar-induced
chlorophyll fluorescence, downward shortwave radiation, and leaf area
index are the most important variables for explaining NEE variations,
collectively accounting for approximately 54.01% in total. This study
highlights the great potential of LSTM for improving carbon flux
upscaling with multi-source remote sensing data.
Full field-of-view imaging and multistatic operations for SuperDARN Borealis radars
Authors: Rohel Remington , Ponomarenko Pavlo V. , McWilliams Kathryn A
Published: November 2023

Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) consists of more than 30
monostatic high-frequency (HF, 10-18~MHz) radars which
utilise signals scattered from decameter-scale ionospheric
irregularities for studying dynamic processes in the ionosphere. By
combining line-of-sight velocity measurements of ionospheric scatter
echoes from radars with overlapping fields of view, SuperDARN provides
maps of ionospheric plasma drift velocity over mid and high latitudes.
The conventional SuperDARN radars consecutively scan through sixteen
beam directions with dwelling time of 3.5 s/beam, which places a lower
limit of one minute to sample the entire field of view. In this work we
remove this limitation by utilizing advanced capabilities of the
recently developed Borealis digital SuperDARN radar system. Combining a
wide transmission beam with multiple narrow reception beams allows us to
sample all conventional beam directions simultaneously and to increase
the sampling rate of the entire field of view by up to sixteen times
without noticeable deterioration of the data quality. The wide-beam
emission also enabled the implementation of multistatic operations,
where ionospheric scatter signals from one radar are received by other
radars with overlapping viewing areas. These novel operations required
the development of a new model to determine the geographic location of
the source of the multistatic radar echoes. Our preliminary studies
showed that, in comparison with the conventional monostatic operations,
the multistatic operations provide a significant increase in geographic
coverage, in some cases nearly doubling it. The multistatic data also
provide additional velocity vector components increasing the likelihood
of reconstructing full plasma drift velocity vectors.
Capturing the diversity of mesoscale trade wind cumuli using complementary approaches from self-supervised deep learning
Authors: Chatterjee Dwaipayan , Schnitt Sabrina , Bigalke Paula , Acquistapace Claudia , Crewell Susanne
Published: November 2023

At the mesoscale, trade wind clouds organize with a wide variety of
spatial arrangements, which influences their effect on Earth’s energy
budget. Past studies used high-resolution satellite measurements and
clustering/labeling techniques to classify trade wind clouds into
distinct classes. However, these methods only capture a part of the
observed organization variability. This work proposes an integrated
framework using a continuous followed by discrete self-supervised deep
learning approach based on cloud optical depth from geostationary
satellite measurements. The neural network learns the semantics of cloud
system structure and distribution, verified through visualizations of
different layers. Our analysis compares classes defined by human labels
with machine-identified classes, aiming to address the uncertainties and
limitations of both approaches. Additionally, we illustrate a case study
of sugar-to-flower transitions, a novel aspect not covered by existing
methods.
Multi-level Governance and Subnational Finance in Asia and the Pacific
Authors:   Asian Development Bank,   Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Published: November 2023

This ADB and OECD copublication analyzes subnational governments (SNGs) in Asia and the Pacific and assesses ways to bolster their financial resources and build capacity so they can more effectively support sustainable economic development. It looks at decentralization reforms in 26 countries, outlines the significant social and economic role of SNGs, and assesses their expenditures, fiscal frameworks, and debt levels. It considers how steps such as enhancing intergovernmental coordination and bolstering public financial management would help support effective multi-level governance and strengthen subnational finances.
Adipocyte glucocorticoid receptor activation with high glucocorticoid doses impairs healthy adipose tissue expansion by repressing angiogenesis
Authors: Vali Anna , Dalle Héloïse , Loubaresse Alya , Gilleron Jérôme , Havis Emmanuelle , Garcia Marie , Beaupère Carine , Denis Clémentine , Roblot Natacha , Poussin Karine , Ledent Tatiana , Bouillet Benjamin , Cormont Mireille , Tanti Jean-François , Capeau Jacqueline , Vatier Camille , Fève Bruno , Grosfeld Alexandra , Moldes Marthe
Published: November 2023

In Human, glucocorticoids (GC) are commonly prescribed because of their anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. However, high doses of GC often lead to adverse side effects including diabetes and lipodystrophy. We recently reported that adipocyte glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-deficient (AdipoGR-KO) mice under corticosterone (CORT) treatment exhibited a massive adipose tissue (AT) expansion associated with a paradoxical improvement of metabolic health compared to control mice. However, whether GR may control adipose development remains unclear. Here, we show a specific induction of the hypoxia-inducible factor HIF-1a and the pro-angiogenic Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A expression in GR-deficient adipocytes of AdipoGR-KO mice as compared to control mice, together with an increased adipose vascular network, as assessed by 3D-analysis imaging. GR activation reduced HIF-1a recruitment on Vegfa promoter resulting from Hif-1a down-regulation at the transcriptional and post-translational levels. Importantly, in CORT-treated AdipoGR-KO mice, the blockade of VEGFA by a soluble decoy receptor prevented AT expansion and the healthy metabolic phenotype. Finally, in subcutaneous AT from Cushing patients, higher VEGFA expression was associated with a better metabolic profile. Collectively, these results highlight that adipocyte GR negatively controls AT expansion and metabolic health through the down-regulation of the major angiogenic effector VEGFA and inhibiting vascular network development. (LIPOCUSH, NCT01688349)

Article Highlights

· Our previous study demonstrated that adipocyte glucocorticoid receptor (GR) deficiency protects mice from glucocorticoid (GC)-induced deleterious metabolic effects. Interestingly, this health improvement was associated with a massive expansion of their adipose tissue.

· Here we determined the role of GC/GR signaling on adipose tissue expansion and vascularization.

· GR suppresses adipose tissue vascularization by decreasing the vascular factor VEGFA and its transcriptional regulator HIF-1a. Blocking VEGFA abrogates beneficial impacts of GR deficiency in GC-exposed mice. Cushing’ patients with higher VEGFA expression in AT exhibit a healthier metabolic profile.

· Selectively antagonizing adipocyte GR could prevent GC metabolic adverse effects.
W kwestii techniki wykonania i szkliwienia wczesnośredniowiecznych pisanek-grzechotek ze Śląska.
Authors: Siemianowska Sylwia , Pankiewicz Aleksandra , Sadowski Krzysztof , Pawlicki Jakub Karol
Published: November 2023

The article concerns early medieval egg-shaped rattles from the area of Silesia. First of all, the issue of how they were made and glazed is studied. The issues of the origin of these products and their role in the culture of ancient societies, as problems repeatedly raised by other researchers, is treated marginally. Macro- and microscopic observations, experimental studies, as well as the results of analyses of the chemical composition of glazes and petrographic tests of ceramic bodies were used to study the technology of making eggs-shaped -rattles. On their basis, the probable process of their formation and glazing was reconstructed. While the making of the ceramic base did not require extraordinary skills, the glazing and decoration of the rattles took place in several stages, requiring knowledge of advanced pottery techniques. For their decoration, a specific category of glaze was used, namely high-lead non alkali glass.
The Piast castrum Steclyn - on the way towards Prussia
Authors: Chudziak Wojciech
Published: November 2023

The article concerns the early medieval settlement at Niedźwiedź/Steklin located on Lake Steklin in the Dobrzyń Land commonly identified with the castrum Steclyn mentioned in the so-called Mogilno Falsification of 1065. Although research has up to now produced relatively little information on the stronghold itself, numerous luxury items discovered on the lake bottom within the remains of the wharves, as well as a bullion hoard recently found in a suburbium settlement testify to the special importance ofthis place on the northeastern border of the Piast state. The article discusses the origins and functions of the stronghold, as well as its role in the local supra-local settlement structure. It is also shown that its location directly on the long-distance route leading from Gniezno through Mogilno and Kujawy to Prussia enabled communication with Benedictine monks.
Studia porównawcze kultur łowiecko-zbierackich Europy i Północnej Ameryki
Authors: Bower † John R.F. , Kobusiewicz Michał
Published: November 2023

This paper presents the results of a Polish-American research project lasting ten years comparing the widely separated hunting gathering societies that experienced similar changing environments in the Old and New World during the final Pleistocene and the early Holocene times. The study intended to compare the technological and economic histories of this societies living in the same time on the North European plain and the North Central United States. Over the period of time in question, they experienced the same changes of climate and environment. The results of the project permit us to say that the hunter gatherers adaptation process was often only slightly, and over time hardly at all dependent on environmental changes.
The Worldview Interpretations of Philosophy and the Problem of Its Scientific Status
Authors:   Zaporizhzhia State Medical University, Sepetyi Dmytro
Published: November 2023

The article discusses the issue of the essence and scientific status of philosophy. The case is made that philosophy is essentially related to worldview, because it revolves around the most general questions about the world, a human being, and its place in the world – worldview questions, or Big Philosophical Questions. This does not mean that philosophy is a worldview, or a collection of worldviews, or a science about worldviews. It is rather the realm of the search for answers to worldview questions and of the elaboration and rational critical evaluation of the arguments for and against different possible answers, as well as of the critical analysis and development of the categories and conceptual schemes used to think about such questions. Philosophy can also be considered as a science in the wide sense of a systematic knowledge-seeking intellectual activity aimed at truth, an important part of the community of knowledge disciplines that includes not only natural empirical and mathematical sciences but social sciences and humanities as well. At least, such a scientific character is to be expected from academic philosophy. The pluralism of opinions characteristic for philosophy does not undermine its scientific status, because on the one hand, other sciences also provide no guarantees that their accepted theories are true, and there is (to a greater or lesser degree) pluralism of opinions with respect to a number of fundamental issues, and on the other hand, philosophy produces important knowledge of several kinds: about ignorance, about fundamental categories, conceptual schemes and principles of thinking, and about the available alternatives with respect to philosophical issues and relevant arguments.
The Refutation of Idealism (Translated by Ihor Karivets & Andrii Kozubenko with the participation of Iryna Perkhun)
Authors:   University of Oxford, Moore George Edward
Published: November 2023

The Ukrainian tranlsation of George Edward Moore's "The Refutation of Idealism".
Validity of Application-Assisted Project-Based Learning Liveworksheet on Linear Program Material
Authors: Endah Oktaviana  , Zulfitri Aima  , Ramadoni
Published: November 2023

The lack of use of technology and communication in the process of learning mathematics and the teaching materials used are still not able to guide students in the learning process. The purpose of this research is to develop an Application-Assisted Project Based Learning (PjBL)-based electronic live worksheet (E-LKPD) with the assistance of a live worksheet application on valid Class X Linear Program material. This type of research is the development of the Plomp model. The instruments used were interview guidelines and questionnaires. The technique of analyzing the data is qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results of the research are the assessments made by mathematicians, namely 92.1% (very valid). The results of the assessment carried out by technology experts were 94.4% (very valid). It is concluded that E-LKPD Based on Project Based Learning Assisted by Liveworksheet Application is very valid and feasible for use by teachers and students.
Seaqir Covid -19 Mathematical Modell
Authors: Fira Adila Fira Adila , Arnellis
Published: November 2023

This research discusses the mathematical model of Covid-19 disease. The model formed consists of 6 components, namely Susceptible (S), Exposed (E), Asymptotically Infected (A), Quarantined (Q), Symptomatic Infected (S), and Recovered (R). This research aims to determine the local stability analysis of the model formed. Apart from that, the R0 value of the model is also looked for. The model stability analysis was carried out in disease-free and endemic settings by showing asymptotic stability. Based on the analysis results obtained. The primary reproduction number for disease-free and endemic simulations is greater than 1. The interpretation of the COVID-19 mathematical model from the stability analysis shows that COVID-19 will still exist for a specific time and will not disappear.
Variaciones sobre poesía y conocimiento. Kamasutra para dormir a un espectro, de Clara Janés
Authors: Cobo-Reyes Lendínez Francisco Arsenio
Published: November 2023

El presente trabajo se propone inaugurar el análisis del discurso literario de Clara Janés en una de sus obras más recientes, Kamasutra para dormir a un espectro (2019). La heterogeneidad de los materiales literarios y de las referencias subyacentes al texto estimulan un tipo de análisis que destaque el tema que vertebra la obra —es decir, la búsqueda del conocimiento— prestando atención a sus distintas formulaciones. El objetivo, en definitiva, es destacar la hibridación de ciencia, filosofía, mística, poesía y otras artes —sobre todo la música— en esta obra de Clara Janés.
Las políticas de la comparación internacional. Un esbozo histórico de los cambios a lo largo del tiempo
Authors: Steiner-Khamsi Gita , Cardoso Manuel Enrique
Published: November 2023

El auge de los bancos de datos internacionales en la economía digital exige una investigación sobre cómo contextos enormemente diferentes se hacen comparables. El método de formular las mismas preguntas o, según la terminología del siglo XXI, de utilizar el mismo conjunto de indicadores combinados con la información sobre variables del sistema, es clave para entender el despliegue de la comparación. El artículo examina la investigación sobre indicadores durante tres periodos de tiempo centrándose en sus actores influyentes: el Esquisse d’un ouvrage sur l’Éducation Comparée de Jullien de Paris (1817); las “encuestas” de Paul Monroe en Filipinas (1912-1914) y el trabajo de Isaac Kandel en torno a la comparabilidad y la Teoría de la Civilización; la colaboración del Instituto de Estadística de la UNESCO con otras partes interesadas en el desarrollo de indicadores educativos para los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible 2030 (2015-2016). Estos tres periodos reflejan los cambios en el uso de los indicadores educativos: modernización / construcción nacional, colonización / desarrollo y estandarización / globalización. Jullien de Paris propuso preguntas estandarizadas para comparar características claves de los sistemas educativos, dio forma al método comparativo de investigación transnacional y contribuyó a justificar la necesidad de la comparación para extraer lecciones, tomar prestadas políticas o aprender de las “buenas prácticas” y las normas internacionales. Este enfoque mantiene su pertinencia en el contexto actual, marcado por el auge de los regímenes de cuantificación que promueven el uso de evidencia derivada de la investigación para la política y la planificación.
Metabolismo energético de células tumorais e suas implicações no diagnóstico e terapia do câncer
Authors: Henschel Letícia Dalla Vechia , Fernandes Luiz Claudio
Published: November 2023

Câncer é o principal problema de saúde pública do mundo. O metabolismo energético de células tumorais encontra-se alterado e seu entendimento pode ser utilizado para aprimoramento de diagnósticos e terapias. Objetivo: Descrever os papéis primários e regulatórios de diferentes vias metabólicas na progressão tumoral e suas implicações. Metodologia: Revisão sistemática, incluindo artigos de revisão publicados em inglês entre janeiro de 2019 e abril de 2021, na base de dados PubMed, utilizando os descritores: “cancer energy metabolism” e “cancer and metabolism” (filtro aplicado: Revisão), “cancer metabolism AND therapy” e “cancer and metabolism biomarker” (filtro aplicado: Revisão sistemática). Foram selecionados 45 artigos, conforme os critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Resultados: O câncer é uma doença metabólica, com disfunções mitocondriais. As células tumorais possuem metabolismo flexível, com expressão alterada de enzimas de diferentes vias metabólicas. Substratos, como glicose, glutamina e ácidos graxos são importantes para fornecimento de esqueletos carbônicos para biossíntese de macromoléculas, proliferação celular e formação de energia. Por essa razão, proteínas e metabólitos das vias metabólicas podem ser importantes biomarcadores do câncer, bem como alvos terapêuticos. Considerações finais: As células tumorais apresentam assinaturas metabólicas que podem ser analisadas para buscar novos biomarcadores e serem usadas como alvos de terapias mais seletivas.
Avaliação do desempenho funcional de idosos comunitários
Authors: Andrade Matheulli Guilherme Corrêa de , Korn Rafaela , Soares Antonio Vinicius , Reichwald Amanda , Nunes Lucimeire de Araújo , Wotroba Carlos Eduardo
Published: November 2023

Introdução: O envelhecimento populacional apresentou um aumento da expectativa de vida em todo o mundo, necessitando de alterações nos comportamentos sociais e na saúde. O processo de envelhecimento é multifatorial, compreendendo variáveis como genética, estilo de vida e doenças crônicas. Com o envelhecimento há uma redução da capacidade funcional comprometendo a qualidade de vida, e muitas vezes implicando na redução da autonomia. Objetivo: Avaliar o desempenho funcional de idosos comunitários. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo transversal, envolvendo idosos comunitários. Foram utilizados para avaliar o nível de desempenho funcional, a força de preensão manual (FPM) através de dinamometria, o teste de velocidade da marcha (TVM) e o Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT). Resultados: Participaram do estudo 250 idosos, 170 mulheres (132 ativas e 38 sedentárias) e 80 homens (58 ativos e 22 sedentários). A idade média dos participantes foi de 70,5 (±6,1). Não houve diferença significativa quanto a idade entre os subgrupos (mulheres e homens, ativos e sedentários). Nas variáveis de desempenho funcional foram encontradas diferenças significativas quanto aos subgrupos de mulheres para o TVM (p0,001) e TUGT (p0,010). E, entre os homens, FPM (p0,012), TVM (p0,000) e o TUGT (p<0,000). Conclusão: Neste estudo, os idosos ativos tiveram melhores escores nas principais variáveis controladas quando comparados aos sedentários. Tais achados reforçam os evidentes benefícios do exercício físico no desempenho funcional. Os maus hábitos de vida podem implicar em desfechos negativos à saúde. O envelhecimento ativo deve ser estimulado pelos profissionais da saúde e promovido pelo poder público.
Palavras-chave: desempenho físico funcional; exercício físico; idoso; envelhecimento.
Selected Parameters Affecting the Electricity Consumption of Automatic Milking Systems
Authors: Vaculík Petr , Kažimírová Viera , Smejtková Andrea , Jehlička Tomáš
Published: November 2023

The paper presented is aimed at the determination of electricity consumption at selected dairy farms during milking employing automatic milking systems (AMS). The research was focused on the determination of electricity consumption during the performance of essential activities that are related to the AMS utilization, i.e., electricity consumption by a single AMS unit per day, by a single assembly compressor per day, by a single AMS unit and a single assembly compressor per day, per milking, and per 1 litre of milk. Measurements were conducted at eight dairy farms in Central Europe that house dairy cows of the black-spotted Holstein cattle breed. The cattle groups assessed comprised 95 to 105 animals subjected to milking over the entire observed period. On the basis of the measurements conducted, it was observed that the average amount of energy consumed per 1 litre of milked milk was 0.0232 kWh over the entire observed period. Regarding the essential activities, the results obtained indicate that the energy consumption throughout the year is relatively balanced, despite the fact that it is affected by a wide range of factors, including chiefly the herd management, as well as overall organization of entire farm, milk yield, health status of cattle, current climatic conditions, fodder quality, etc.