bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
It Is Imperative to Establish a Pellucid Definition of Chimeric RNA and to Clear Up a Lot of Confusion in the Relevant Research
Authors: Yuan Chengfu , Han Yaping , Zellmer Lucas , Yang Wenxiu , Guan Zhizhong , Yu Wenfeng , Huang Hai , Liao D.
Published: March 2017

There have been tens of thousands of RNAs deposited in different databases that contain sequences of two genes and are coined chimeric RNAs, or chimeras. However, “chimeric RNA” has never been lucidly defined, partly because “gene” itself is still ill-defined and because the means of production for many RNAs is unclear. Since the number of putative chimeras is soaring, it is imperative to establish a pellucid definition for it, in order to differentiate chimeras from regular RNAs. Otherwise, not only will chimeric RNA studies be misled but also characterization of fusion genes and unannotated genes will be hindered. We propose that only those RNAs that are formed by joining two RNA transcripts together without a fusion gene as a genomic basis should be regarded as authentic chimeras, whereas those RNAs transcribed as, and cis-spliced from, single transcripts should not be deemed as chimeras. Many RNAs containing sequences of two neighboring genes may be transcribed via a readthrough mechanism, and thus are actually RNAs of unannotated genes or RNA variants of known genes, but not chimeras. In today’s chimeric RNA research, there are still several key flaws, technical constraints and understudied tasks, which are also described in this perspective essay.
Function and Clinical Implications of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Melanoma
Authors: Richtig Georg , Ehall Barbara , Richtig Erika , Aigelsreiter Ariane , Gutschner Tony , Pichler Martin
Published: March 2017

Metastatic melanoma is the most deadly type of skin cancer. Despite the success of immunotherapy and targeted agents, the majority of patients experience disease recurrence upon treatment and die due to their disease. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a new subclass of non-protein coding RNAs involved in (epigenetic) regulation of cell growth, invasion, and other important cellular functions. Consequently, recent research activities focused on the discovery of these lncRNAs in a broad spectrum of human diseases, especially cancer. Additional efforts have been undertaken to dissect the underlying molecular mechanisms employed by lncRNAs. In this review, we will summarize the growing evidence of deregulated lncRNA expression in melanoma, which is linked to tumor growth and progression. Moreover, we will highlight specific molecular pathways and modes of action for some well-studied lncRNAs and discuss their potential clinical implications.
Differential Proteome Analysis of a Flor Yeast Strain under Biofilm Formation
Authors: Moreno-García Jaime , Mauricio Juan , Moreno Juan , García-Martínez Teresa
Published: March 2017

Several Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains (flor yeasts) form a biofilm (flor velum) on the surface of Sherry wines after fermentation, when glucose is depleted. This flor velum is fundamental to biological aging of these particular wines. In this study, we identify abundant proteins in the formation of the biofilm of an industrial flor yeast strain. A database search to enrich flor yeast “biological process” and “cellular component” according to Gene Ontology Terminology (GO Terms) and, “pathways” was carried out. The most abundant proteins detected were largely involved in respiration, translation, stress damage prevention and repair, amino acid metabolism (glycine, isoleucine, leucine and arginine), glycolysis/gluconeogenesis and biosynthesis of vitamin B9 (folate). These proteins were located in cellular components as in the peroxisome, mitochondria, vacuole, cell wall and extracellular region; being these two last directly related with the flor formation. Proteins like Bgl2p, Gcv3p, Hyp2p, Mdh1p, Suc2p and Ygp1p were quantified in very high levels. This study reveals some expected processes and provides new and important information for the design of conditions and genetic constructions of flor yeasts for improving the cellular survival and, thus, to optimize biological aging of Sherry wine production.
Identification of Conditions for Successful Aphid Control by Ladybirds in Greenhouses
Authors: Riddick Eric
Published: March 2017

As part of my research on the mass production and augmentative release of ladybirds, I reviewed the primary research literature to test the prediction that ladybirds are effective aphid predators in greenhouses. Aphid population reduction exceeded 50% in most studies and ladybird release rates usually did not correlate with aphid reduction. The ratio of aphid reduction/release rate was slightly less for larvae than adults in some studies, suggesting that larvae were less effective (than adults) in suppressing aphids. Some adult releases were inside cages, thereby limiting adult dispersion from plants. Overall, the ratio of aphid reduction/release rate was greatest for ladybird adults of the normal strain (several species combined), but least for adults of a flightless Harmonia axyridis strain. The combined action of ladybirds and hymenopteran parasitoids could have a net positive effect on aphid population suppression and, consequently, on host (crop) plants. However, ladybird encounters with aphid-tending or foraging ants must be reduced. Deploying ladybirds to help manage aphids in greenhouses and similar protective structures is encouraged.
Haemocompatibility of Modified Nanodiamonds
Authors: Wąsowicz Michał , Ficek Mateusz , Wróbel Maciej , Chakraborty Ruchira , Fixler Dror , Wierzba Paweł , Jędrzejewska-Szczerska Małgorzata
Published: March 2017

This study reports the interactions of modified nanodiamond particles in vitro with human blood. Modifications performed on the nanodiamond particles include oxygenation with a chemical method and hydrogenation upon chemical vapor deposition (CVD) plasma treatment. Such nanodiamonds were later incubated in whole human blood for different time intervals, ranging from 5 min to 5 h. The morphology of red blood cells was assessed along with spectral measurements and determination of haemolysis. The results showed that no more than 3% of cells were affected by the nanodiamonds. Specific modifications of the nanodiamonds give us the possibility to obtain nanoparticles which are biocompatible with human blood. They can form a basis for the development of nanoscale biomarkers and parts of sensing systems and devices useful in biomedical environments.
The Relationship between the Mechanism of Zinc Oxide Crystallization and Its Antimicrobial Properties for the Surface Modification of Surgical Meshes
Authors: Fiedot Marta , Maliszewska Irena , Rac-Rumijowska Olga , Suchorska-Woźniak Patrycja , Lewińska Agnieszka , Teterycz Helena
Published: March 2017

Surgical meshes were modified with zinc oxide (ZnO) using a chemical bath deposition method (CBD) at 50 °C, 70 °C, or 90 °C, in order to biologically activate them. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), mass changes, and X-ray diffraction measurements revealed that at low temperatures Zn(OH)2 was formed, and that this was converted into ZnO with a temperature increase. The antimicrobial activity without light stimulation of the ZnO modified Mersilene™ meshes was related to the species of microorganism, the incubation time, and the conditions of the experiment. Generally, cocci (S. aureus, S. epidermidis) and yeast (C. albicans) were more sensitive than Gram-negative rods (E. coli). The differences in sensitivity of the studied microorganisms to ZnO were discussed. The most active sample was that obtained at 90 °C. The mechanism of antimicrobial action of ZnO was determined by various techniques, such as zeta potential analysis, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, SEM studies, and measurements of Zn(II) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration. Our results confirmed that the generation of free radicals was crucial, which occurs on the surface of crystalline ZnO.
Assembly of Iron Oxide Nanocubes for Enhanced Cancer Hyperthermia and Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Cho Minjung , Cervadoro Antonio , Ramirez Maricela , Stigliano Cinzia , Brazdeikis Audrius , Colvin Vicki , Civera Pierluigi , Key Jaehong , Decuzzi Paolo
Published: March 2017

Multiple formulations of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have been proposed for enhancing contrast in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and for increasing efficacy in thermal ablation therapies. However, insufficient accumulation at the disease site and low magnetic performance hamper the clinical application of IONPs. Here, 20 nm iron oxide nanocubes were assembled into larger nanoconstructs externally stabilized by a serum albumin coating. The resulting assemblies of nanocubes (ANCs) had an average diameter of 100 nm and exhibited transverse relaxivity (r2 = 678.9 ± 29.0 mM‒1·s‒1 at 1.41 T) and heating efficiency (specific absorption rate of 109.8 ± 12.8 W·g‒1 at 512 kHz and 10 kA·m‒1). In mice bearing glioblastoma multiforme tumors, Cy5.5-labeled ANCs allowed visualization of malignant masses via both near infrared fluorescent and magnetic resonance imaging. Also, upon systemic administration of ANCs (5 mgFe·kg‒1), 30 min of daily exposure to alternating magnetic fields for three consecutive days was sufficient to halt tumor progression. This study demonstrates that intravascular administration of ANCs can effectively visualize and treat neoplastic masses.
Vitamin D Decreases Serum VEGF Correlating with Clinical Improvement in Vitamin D-Deficient Women with PCOS: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Irani Mohamad , Seifer David , Grazi Richard , Irani Sara , Rosenwaks Zev , Tal Reshef
Published: March 2017

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been suggested to play a role in the pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and may contribute to increased risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) in affected individuals. Vitamin D (VitD) supplementation improves multiple clinical parameters in VitD-deficient women with PCOS and decreases VEGF levels in several other pathologic conditions. Unveiling the basic mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of vitamin D on PCOS may enhance our understanding of the pathophysiology of this syndrome. It may also suggest a new treatment for PCOS that can improve it through the same mechanism as vitamin D and can be given regardless of vitamin D levels. Therefore, we aimed to explore the effect of VitD supplementation on serum VEGF levels and assess whether changes in VEGF correlate with an improvement in characteristic clinical abnormalities of PCOS. This is a randomized placebo-controlled trial conducted between October 2013 and March 2015. Sixty-eight VitD-deficient women with PCOS were recruited. Women received either 50,000 IU of oral VitD3 or placebo once weekly for 8 weeks. There was a significant decrease in serum VEGF levels (1106.4 ± 36.5 to 965.3 ± 42.7 pg·mL–1; p < 0.001) in the VitD group. Previously reported findings of this trial demonstrated a significant decrease in the intermenstrual intervals, Ferriman-Gallwey hirsutism score, and triglycerides following VitD supplementation. Interestingly, ∆VEGF was positively correlated with ∆triglycerides (R2 = 0.22; p = 0.02) following VitD supplementation. In conclusion, VitD replacement significantly decreases serum VEGF levels correlating with a decrease in triglycerides in women with PCOS. This is a novel molecular explanation for the beneficial effects of VitD treatment. It also suggests the need to investigate a potential role of VitD treatment in reducing the incidence or severity of OHSS in VitD-deficient women with PCOS.
A Gelated Colloidal Crystal Attached Lens for Noninvasive Continuous Monitoring of Tear Glucose
Authors: Ruan Jia-Li , Chen Cheng , Shen Jian-Hua , Zhao Xue-Ling , Qian Shao-Hong , Zhu Zhi-Gang
Published: March 2017

Patients of diabetes mellitus urgently need noninvasive and continuous glucose monitoring in daily point-of-care. As the tear glucose concentration has a positive correlation with that in blood, the hydrogel colloidal crystal integrated into contact lens possesses promising potential for noninvasive monitoring of glucose in tears. This paper presents a new glucose-responsive sensor, which consists a crystalline colloidal array (CCA) embedded in hydrogel matrix, attached onto a rigid gas permeable (RGP) contact lens. This novel sensing lens is able to selectively diffract visible light, whose wavelength shifts between 567 and 468 nm according to the alternation of the glucose concentration between 0 and 50 mM and its visible color change between reddish yellow, green, and blue. The detection limit of responsive glucose concentration can be reduced to 0.05 mM. Its combination with a contact lens endows it with excellent biocompatibility and portability, which shows great possibility for it to push the development of glucose-detecting devices into new era.
Texture-Guided Multisensor Superresolution for Remotely Sensed Images
Authors: Yokoya Naoto
Published: March 2017

This paper presents a novel technique, namely texture-guided multisensor superresolution (TGMS), for fusing a pair of multisensor multiresolution images to enhance the spatial resolution of a lower-resolution data source. TGMS is based on multiresolution analysis, taking object structures and image textures in the higher-resolution image into consideration. TGMS is designed to be robust against misregistration and the resolution ratio and applicable to a wide variety of multisensor superresolution problems in remote sensing. The proposed methodology is applied to six different types of multisensor superresolution, which fuse the following image pairs: multispectral and panchromatic images, hyperspectral and panchromatic images, hyperspectral and multispectral images, optical and synthetic aperture radar images, thermal-hyperspectral and RGB images, and digital elevation model and multispectral images. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and high general versatility of TGMS.
Underdetermined DOA Estimation of Quasi-Stationary Signals Using a Partly-Calibrated Array
Authors: Wang Ben , Wang Wei , Gu Yujie , Lei Shujie
Published: March 2017

Quasi-stationary signals have been widely found in practical applications, which have time-varying second-order statistics while staying static within local time frames. In this paper, we develop a robust direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation algorithm for quasi-stationary signals based on the Khatri–Rao (KR) subspace approach. A partly-calibrated array is considered, in which some of the sensors have an inaccurate knowledge of the gain and phase. In detail, we first develop a closed-form solution to estimate the unknown sensor gains and phases. The array is then calibrated using the estimated sensor gains and phases which enables the improved DOA estimation. To reduce the computational complexity, we also proposed a reduced-dimensional method for DOA estimation. The exploitation of the KR subspace approach enables the proposed method to achieve a larger number of degrees-of-freedom, i.e., more sources than sensors can be estimated. The unique identification condition for the proposed method is also derived. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed underdetermined DOA estimation algorithm for quasi-stationary signals.
A Smartphone Camera-Based Indoor Positioning Algorithm of Crowded Scenarios with the Assistance of Deep CNN
Authors: Jiao Jichao , Li Fei , Deng Zhongliang , Ma Wenjing
Published: March 2017

Considering the installation cost and coverage, the received signal strength indicator (RSSI)-based indoor positioning system is widely used across the world. However, the indoor positioning performance, due to the interference of wireless signals that are caused by the complex indoor environment that includes a crowded population, cannot achieve the demands of indoor location-based services. In this paper, we focus on increasing the signal strength estimation accuracy considering the population density, which is different to the other RSSI-based indoor positioning methods. Therefore, we propose a new wireless signal compensation model considering the population density, distance, and frequency. First of all, the number of individuals in an indoor crowded scenario can be calculated by our convolutional neural network (CNN)-based human detection approach. Then, the relationship between the population density and the signal attenuation is described in our model. Finally, we use the trilateral positioning principle to realize the pedestrian location. According to the simulation and tests in the crowded scenarios, the proposed model increases the accuracy of the signal strength estimation by 1.53 times compared to that without considering the human body. Therefore, the localization accuracy is less than 1.37 m, which indicates that our algorithm can improve the indoor positioning performance and is superior to other RSSI models.
Developmental Origins of Limb Developmental Instability in Human Fetuses: Many Abnormalities Make the Difference
Authors: Broek Clara M. A. ten , Bots Jessica , Bugiani Marianna , Galis Frietson , Dongen Stefan van
Published: March 2017

Fluctuating asymmetry (FA) is the small random deviation from perfect symmetry in bilateral traits and is often used to assess developmental instability (DI) experienced by organisms. In this study, with a unique dataset of 1389 deceased human fetuses, we investigated the relationship between abnormal development and human limb FA in different ways, using a more fundamental approach than usually done. We studied whether there is an underlying developmental basis of DI, as measured by FA, by investigating, first, whether limb FA can be attributed to developmental abnormalities associated with specific organ systems, germ layers or patterning processes, and second, whether limb FA increases with increasing number of developmental abnormalities either gradually, or in a threshold-like fashion. Limb FA was found to increase in fetuses with cardiovascular and nervous system abnormalities. Fetuses with ectoderm-derived abnormalities were also found to have significantly higher limb FA, but no other germ layers were found to be associated. We found no significant correlation between specific developmental processes, such as neural crest development, segmentation, midline and left-right patterning and limb FA. Although only some congenital abnormalities were correlated with limb FA, our results do suggest that limb FA increases when an increasing number of organ systems, germ layers or developmental pathways are disrupted. Therefore, we conclude that limb FA is mainly a good indicator for DI in the case of particularly severe perturbations of development and that FA does not reflect the subtler deviations from developmental stability.
Ergot Alkaloids in Fattening Chickens (Broilers): Toxic Effects and Carry over Depending on Dietary Fat Proportion and Supplementation with Non-Starch-Polysaccharide (NSP) Hydrolyzing Enzymes
Authors: Dänicke Sven
Published: March 2017

Ergot alkaloids (EA) are mycotoxins produced by Claviceps purpurea. EA-toxicity is poorly characterized for fattening chickens. Therefore, a dose–response study was performed to identify the lowest, and no observed adverse effect levels (LOAEL and NOAEL, respectively) based on several endpoints. Non-starch-polysaccharide (NSP) cleaving enzyme addition and dietary fat content were additionally considered as factors potentially influencing EA-toxicity. Feed intake was proven to respond most sensitively to the EA presence in the diets. This sensitivity appeared to be time-dependent. While LOAEL corresponded to a total dietary EA content of 5.7 mg/kg until Day 14 of age, it decreased to 2.03 mg/kg when birds were exposed for a period of 35 days. Consequently, NOAEL corresponded to an EA content of 2.49 mg/kg diet until Day 14 of age, while 1.94 mg/kg diet applied until Day 35 of age. Liver lesions indicating enzyme activities in serum were increased after 14 days of exposure. Dietary fat content and NSP-enzyme supplementation modified EA toxicity in an interactive manner. The EA residues in serum, bile, liver and breast meat were <5 ng/g suggesting a negligible carry over of intact EA.
Les cavités de la Sierra d'Aralar (Pays Basque espagnol)
Authors: Ugarte Elorza Félix Maria
Published: March 2017

L'étude des nombreuses cavités de la Sierra de Aralar permet de mettre en valeur :

- les relations de la morphologie souterraine et du dispositif structural,

- les relations avec les conditions morphoclimatiques actuelles de l'exokarst de moyenne montagne,

- le rôle des héritages des phases froides du Quaternaire.
Le lapiaz de Souroukoudinga (Burkina Faso), un karst à micro-tourelles d'âge supposé quaternaire
Authors: Hugot Georges , Carbonnel Jean-Pierre
Published: March 2017

Les karsts relevés et décrits en Afrique de l'Ouest (Mauritanie, Sénégal, Mali) sont peu nombreux et peu spectaculaires. Celui que nous avons observé au Burkina-Faso reste cependant unique en son genre et le plus atypique des karsts ouest-africains. Le karst de Souroukoudinga est situé dans les formations sédimentaires d'origine marine attribuées au Précambrien supérieur, marquant l'extrémité méridionale du bassin (synéclise) de Taoudéni. Il s'est développé dans les dolomies de l'étage schisto-gréso-dolomitique et particulièrement dans de très belles structures algaires à Stromatolites. Il se manifeste par la présence d'un lapiaz à micro-tourelles, dont la fraîcheur des formes et la position des cuirasses environnantes nous laissent supposer que son élaboration a débuté à une période très récente du Quaternaire.
Les karsts de gypse italiens
Authors: Choppy Jacques
Published: March 2017

Synthèse d'observations de terrain et d'informations tirées de la bibliographie sur les karsts superficiels et profonds des gypses italiens : ceux-ci se rencontrent dans le Trias en Emilie et dans le Messinien en Italie Continentale, notamment dans la région de Bologne, et en Sicile.

L 'auteur décrit les lapiaz de Sicile, les formes de creusement et de remplissage des cavités souterraines.
Le siphon de la Fuentona de Muriel (Soria, Espagne)
Authors: Sanz Perez Eugenio , Medina Ferrer J
Published: March 2017

The siphon of Fuentona de Muriel (Soria - Spain)

The present paper deals with the description of the siphon of Fuentona de Muriel (Soria - Spain), the deepest submerged cave in Spain, associated with a karstic spring of 1 m3/s mean flow. This spring drains a carbonated aquifer of upper Cretaceous with a synclinal geometrical form.
Le karst post-pliocène de la région de Safi (Maroc atlantique)
Authors: Weisrock André , Lunski Simon
Published: March 2017

Sur 20 km de largeur en moyenne, l'arrière-pays de Safi correspond à la rasa plio-moghrébienne qui recouvre un substratum mésozoïque à niveaux gypseux. calcaires et marneux assez peu déformé.

Le karst superficiel se développe dans les lumachelles et les calcarénites biodétritiques du Plio-Moghrébien et leurs recouvrements continentaux limono-calcaires, peu épais. Il s'agit de petites dolines («daïa») isolées ou réunies en ouvalas et poljés peu profonds, plus rarement de puits reliés à un réseau souterrain. Les principales directions des alignements sont N170-N195, N040-N070 et N080-N115.

Deux problèmes principaux se posent au sujet de la genèse de ce karst post-pliocène :

- celui de ses relations avec un karst plus ancien qui affecte les assises mésozoïques et en particulier les horizons gypseux. Ce dernier peut guider le réseau karstique superficiel, mais il peut à l'inverse être «rajeuni» par le rejeu tectonique syn- et post-pliocène ;

- celui de la dissolution qui n'a pu s'effectuer que dans les périodes de climat plus humide que l'actuel (318 mm/an). Les datations effectuées dans les fonds de cuvettes karstiques montrent que celles-ci se sont encore creusées au Pléistocène supérieur.
Deux siècles d'étude des libellules en Rhône-Alpes (Insecta : Odonata)
Authors: Grand Daniel
Published: March 2017

Two centuries of regional odonatology

A general presentation of the order Odonata (systematics, biology) is proposed first of all, followed by information on these insects in Rhone-Alpes, a region situated at the crossroads of Alpine, Atlantic and Mediterranean climates. Then, a synthesis summarizes more than two centuries of regional odonatology, where the local status of 7 species is discussed and specified. Finally, the study leads to the report of an improvement of the biodiversity of the regional dragonflies, especially owed these last 50 years to a much better knowledge of their current distribution and, additionally, to the effects of the global warming.
«Tu vas à la chasse au rhinocéros et tu rencontres un escarbot, prends-le !»
Authors: Gomy Yves
Published: March 2017

"If you are hunting rhinoceros and you find a dung-beetle, take it" : mbédé (native Gabonaise) proverb

The clown beetles ("escarbots miroitants" of French authors) are small (0.9-15 mm) Histeridae with an ovoid body, generally black. The family comprises around 4000 species in the world, of which 152 are found in France, with 91 in Rhone-Alpes. The most recent study (Audras & Thérond, 1950) only covers Ain, Isère, Loire and Rhone. It added up 74 species in the period, that is a little less than 50% of the current French fauna. The Rhone district, with 72 species recorded to date, shows an excellent histeridological biodiversity, although 25 species have not been found (or at least cited) since 1950.
Plantes introduites, naturalisées et envahissantes : modifications de la flore lyonnaise marquées par les activités humaines
Authors: Munoz François
Published: March 2017

Introduced, naturalised and invasive plants : modifications to Flora of the Lyon area occasioned by human activity

Plant communities in the region of Lyon have broadly changed during the last century, after successive social and economical mutations. By reviewing the work of Magnin at the end of the 19th century and many observations during the last 50 years, we document the situation of introduced, and sometimes invasive, plant species that have come to occur in our area, within urban contexts as well as in the countryside.
Amphibiens : un groupe gravement menacé à l'échelle planétaire
Authors: Deliry Cyrille
Published: March 2017

Amphibians : a group seriously threatened on a global scale

According to the last state of the world biodiversity, amphibians reach the top of the animal groups for the percentage of extinct species or seriously threatened ones (i. e. 1856 taxa, 32%). Among numerous factors, we can cite deforestation, or the uncontrolled use of pesticides, and perhaps the increase of UV radiation. The Rhone-Alpes region contains 21 species among which 2 are endemic ; 6 others are doubtful. 9 amphibians of the region, i. e. near half of native taxa are considered as endangered : for example the tree frog, the Western spadefoot toad and the spotted newt. doubtful. 9 amphibians of the region, i. e. near half of native taxa are considered as endangered : for example the tree frog, the Western spadefoot toad and the spotted newt.
Les Tenebrionidae de Rhône-Alpes
Authors: Labrique Harold
Published: March 2017

The Tenebrionidae of Rhone-Alpes

The inventory of Tenebrionidae of Rhone-Alpes shows a certain specific richness for the group : 66 species, i.e. more half of the fauna of continental France. It manifests also an increased collecting effort over the last 30 years. The habitats frequented by these insects are also greatly diverse, from mountains to plains, in forests and along river banks. 60% of these taxa inhabit the southern part of the region (Ardèche, Drome and Rhone) .
Les bryophytes, de précieux indicateurs encore trop peu connus en région Rhône-Alpes
Authors: Hugonnot Vincent
Published: March 2017

Les bryophytes sont des végétaux réputés comme difficiles à déterminer. La France compte parmi les pays les plus riches d'Europe avec 971 espèces de mousses, 307 hépatiques et 5 anthocérotes ; cependant cette communauté n'est dotée d'aucune checklist, flore ou liste rouge moderne. Il est actuellement impossible de dénombrer la bryoflore de Rhône-Alpes, peut-être 1000 espèces... Entre l'œuvre d'Augier (1966) et la synthèse de Faure (2006) d'énormes progrès taxonomiques interdisent une comparaison, et la bibliographie régionale est maigre, les herbiers sont peu exploités à cause de leur dispersion. La découverte de nombreux nouveaux taxons pour la région, masque certainement une régression dans les habitats soumis à une pression anthropique, notamment en plaine. Dans la perspective de changements climatiques généralisés, l'extrême abondance des habitats à affinités nordiques (combes à neige, forêts anciennes, rochers subalpins) d'un côté, et l'existence d'un couloir de migration majeur (la vallée du Rhône) à l'autre extrême, font de la région un laboratoire privilégié.
In-Hospital Mortality in Cirrhotic Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease Treated with Hemodialysis versus Peritoneal Dialysis: A Nationwide Study
Authors: Nader Mark A. , Aguilar Rodrigo , Sharma Prabin , Krishnamoorthy Parasuram , Serban Dragoi , Gordon-Cappitelli Judit , Shen Wen , Nilubol Chanigan , Li Ping , Lipkowitz Michael
Published: March 2017

Background

Cirrhotic patients often develop end-stage renal disease (ESRD) requiring renal replacement therapy in the form of hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD). Studies comparing the outcomes and difference in in-hospital mortality between these 2 groups, particularly among those with ascites, are sparse. We set our objective to determine the dialysis modality with a better in-hospital survival rate among cirrhotic patients with ESRD (ESRD-cirrhosis).

Methods

Data was extracted from the 2005 to 2012 Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS). Using propensity score matching, ESRD-cirrhosis patients on PD were matched with patients on HD at a 1:1 ratio. Another subgroup analysis of ESRD-cirrhosis patients with ascites was performed using the same matching algorithm. Analyses were performed using SAS version 9.3 (SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA).

Results

Among 26,135 cirrhotic patients with incident ESRD, 25,686 (98.3%) and 449 (1.7%) were initiated on HD and PD, respectively, during the hospitalization. There was a nonsignificant mortality difference between the ESRD-cirrhosis patients treated with PD and those treated with HD. In a subgroup analysis of these patients with ascites, 18 patients underwent PD while 1,878 patients required HD. Also, PD had a significantly lower in-hospital mortality compared with HD in this subgroup (0% vs 26.67%, p = 0.03). Mean length of stay for those who received HD was 8.34 days compared with 7.06 days for the PD group ( p < 0.0001). Similarly, mean hospital charges were greater for those who had HD compared with PD ($74,501 vs $57,460; p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Cirrhotic patients with ESRD and ascites who undergo PD have a significantly lower mortality than those who are started on HD. However PD is rarely initiated for ESRD in cirrhotic patients with ascites during hospitalization in the United States. Due to the potential advantages of PD, nephrologists should encourage PD when selecting dialysis modality in this subgroup of patients whenever possible.
Vapor deposition routes to conformal polymer thin films
Authors: Moni Priya , Al-Obeidi Ahmed , Gleason Karen K
Published: March 2017

Vapor phase syntheses, including parylene chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and initiated CVD, enable the deposition of conformal polymer thin films to benefit a diverse array of applications. This short review for nanotechnologists, including those new to vapor deposition methods, covers the basic theory in designing a conformal polymer film vapor deposition, sample preparation and imaging techniques to assess film conformality, and several applications that have benefited from vapor deposited, conformal polymer thin films.
THE STRUCTURE OF SPACE: CUBISM AND MODERNISM. FIGURES AND ICONS IN JOSEF GOČÁR’S WORK
Authors: CHIZZONITI Domenico Giuseppe
Published: March 2017

This research paper relates to a number of works by Josef Gočár, a Bohemian architect who was active in a time period between “Cubist” vanguardism and “Rationalist” modernism.
The theme regards the search for a general method which evaluates the key elements of the structure of space in architectural design. The main asset of architectural composition has traditionally been the close association between the syntactic order of the elements and a semantic perception of space. The aim of this essay is to explore the relation between the role of the experimental design regarding the multiple and changeable architectural experience and the creative process of architectural work.
The methodological experience hereby demonstrated refers to a specific case study that belongs to the scientific research carried out by Gočár and his researchers’ group at the Prague Fine Arts Academy (AVU). His work is hereby re-interpreted in an effort to explore the experiential contribution to the architectural design discipline, and the figurative aspect, by reexamining various characteristics of his practical experience as an architect involved in the civic priorities of the city, from the scale of urban settlement to the individual design work.
Reglas de dimensionamiento en trazas tardogóticas españolas. Las catedrales de Sevilla y Segovia
Authors: García-Ortega A.
Published: March 2017

Los criterios de diseño y dimensionamiento de las estructuras góticas aún nos son en gran medida desconocidos, y particularmente en España al carecer de una tratadística coetánea similar a la centroeuropea. Ésta evidencia un sencillo proceder a través de reglas numéricas o geométricas, y cuyo paralelo se pretende detectar en nuestro contexto.

Para ello se recurre al análisis de las trazas catedralicias de Sevilla y Segovia, dibujadas a escala e incluso con algunas cotas dimensionales rotuladas, especificando luces y secciones de pilares y muros. Estos elementos, junto con los contrafuertes, constituían la estructura portante vertical, y son el objeto principal de estudio, tomando como referente la tratadística centroeuropea. Ello ha permitido formular hipótesis sobre las posibles reglas estructurales al uso en nuestro país, que se utilizarían establecer un primer dimensionamiento, plasmado en la traça general del edificio. Éste sería suficiente para comenzar la fábrica con razonables garantías de viabilidad.
A Novel Wireless Sensor Network Evolution Model Based on Energy-Efficiency
Authors: Gao Hui , Yang Zhixian
Published: March 2017

The Barabási–Albert (BA) model is a famous complex network model that generates scale-free networks. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) had been thought to be approximately scale-free through lots of empirical research. Based on the BA model, we propose an evolution model for WSNs. According to actual influence factors such as the remainder energy of each sensor and physical link capability of each sensor, our evolution model constructs WSNs by using a preferential attachment mechanism. Through simulation and analysis, we can prove that our evolution model would make the total energy consumption of the WSNs more efficient and have a superior random node error tolerance.
Power Load Forecasting Based on Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Liu Xingping , Li Weidong
Published: March 2017

At present, wireless sensor networks (WSN) technology is a field of much research interest in the area of information technology. The application of wireless sensor networks is expected to be very broad. With the development of communication protocol and their corresponding components, wireless sensor networks technology plays an increasingly important role in the power industry. The analysis and forecast of electric power data is essential to the construction and operation of the power network. Through the wireless sensor networks, we can obtain comprehensive power data. Then we can better forecast the power load through the data we obtain from the wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we propose an improved LSSVM method. We collect the power data by the wireless sensor networks and use the improved LSSVM method to forecast the power load. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
An Efficient Localization Method for Mobile Nodes in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Qiu Zhiyu , Wu Lihong , Zhang Peixin
Published: March 2017

With the development of electronic technology and communication protocols, wireless sensor network technology is developing rapidly. In a sense, the traditional static wireless sensor network has been unable to meet the needs of new applications. However, the introduction of mobile nodes extends the application of wireless sensor networks, despite the technical challenges. Because of its flexibility, the mobile wireless sensor network has attracted great attention, and even small, self-controlled mobile sensor devices have appeared. At present, mobile node localization has become one of the hotspots in wireless sensor networks. As the storage energy of wireless sensor network nodes is limited, and the communication radius is small, many scientists have focused their research direction on the location algorithm of mobile nodes. According to the continuity principle of mobile node movement, in this paper we propose an improved mobile node localization algorithm based on the Monte Carlo Location (MCL) algorithm, and the method can reduce the sampling interval effectively. First of all, this paper introduces the structure and classification of wireless sensor localization technology. Secondly, the principle of the Monte Carlo Location algorithm is described in detail. Thirdly, we propose an efficient method for mobile node localization based on the MCL algorithm. Finally, the effectiveness and accuracy of the new algorithm are verified by comparative analysis.
Strategies for Expanding Access and Improving the Quality of Pharmaceutical Services
Authors: Dias-Souza Marcus Vinícius
Published: March 2017

Pharmaceutical services are among the most accessible healthcare assistance systems worldwide, being provided generally in enterprises like Drugstores and Compounding Pharmacies. Pharmacists are highly accessible healthcare professionals considering also the availability, geographic distribution and location of pharmaceutical enterprises. However, there are several challenges for providing these services for patients with limitations such as low education, difficulties on reaching the Pharmacist, and the need for individualized monitoring (due to the complexity of therapy). Reports of low quality services are growing worldwide, and in order to expand access and improve the quality of pharmaceutical services, Pharmacists must move from being medication dispensers with focus in administrative management to a clinically-oriented practice with a humanistic view. The aim of this chapter is to make an approach on the implementation of effective strategies and ways to improve the quality of Pharmacists' work as specialized healthcare providers.
Simulation Method to Improve Hospital Service Quality
Authors: Ahmed Shamsuddin
Published: March 2017

This article presents the results of a simulation model designed to reduce patient waiting time in the emergency department of a hospital in the United Arab Emirates. The process-oriented simulation model shows how the resources in the hospital are inter-related. The model depicts the hospital operating system and its performance and management issues with regards to allocation of human and material resources. Based on results of the simulation, optimized response surfaces are developed to explain patient waiting time and the total time a patient spends in the hospital for treatment. Results of the study can be used by hospital management to reduce patient waiting time and improve service quality by using a mix of operational strategies and resource allocations.
Avatars and Robots as Social Companions in Healthcare
Authors: Lewis Lundy
Published: March 2017

Elder care is of increasing global concern. The aging population is expected to increase two-fold by 2050. It is anticipated that there will not be enough caregivers to assist the elderly very soon, and thus researchers and entrepreneurs are looking at various types of information systems (IS) that will help alleviate the challenges in elder care. This paper examines one such IS: conversational agents in the form of avatars or robots as an aid to (i) decrease loneliness and depression among the elderly, (ii) increase cognitive function and quality of life, and (iii) generally help manage patient care. We discuss the state-of-the-science of research prototypes and commercial off-the-shelf ISs. We propose a novel concept and design, and we discuss the ethical ramifications of elderly patients possibly bonding with inanimate objects as if they were human companions.
mHealth Environments for Chronic Disease Management
Authors: Georga Eleni I. , Papadopoulos Athanasios N. , Fotiadis Dimitrios I.
Published: March 2017

The management of chronic diseases requires the continuous monitoring and control of an extensive set of medical and lifestyle parameters affecting the health status of patients. The purpose of this chapter is to present an overview of the state of the art in wearable medical systems and mobile self-management support interventions in the daily care of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. In both cases, research and commercial approaches to the integration of specialized sensors in a wearable smart module are presented and their ability to provide real-time estimations for crucial parameters is emphasized. Moreover, special emphasis is placed on mobile self-monitoring applications which are progressively enhanced with decision support, pattern recognition and predictive capabilities which can be used by the patient. The way in which mobile health technology can improve health outcomes is discussed and future research directions are described.
The Importance of Telemedicine in Global Health Care
Authors: Kasemsap Kijpokin
Published: March 2017

The chapter explains the challenges facing health care systems; the overview of telemedicine; the technological devices of telemedicine systems; telemedicine and chronic diseases; telemedicine and technology acceptance model (TAM); the applications of telemedicine in the oil and gas industry; and the importance of telemedicine in global health care. Telemedicine brings the health care value through its ability for the remote visits with patients, immediate access to health care professionals, real-time access to health data, and health monitoring capabilities. Telemedicine is an effective health care measure that can manage the new and affordable technology with the potential to deliver the convenient and effective care to patients, and provides an alternative way for the health care organizations to deliver the essential health outcomes. The chapter argues that applying telemedicine has the potential to increase health care performance and gain sustainable competitive advantage in global health care.
Implementation of Web-Based Distance Education in Nursing Education in Turkey
Authors: Şenyuva Emine , Taşocak Gülsün
Published: March 2017

The research was carried out in 2005-2006 as a descriptive and methodological study. It aimed to obtain students' feedback and to serve as a source for future relevant studies. The setting of the study was Istanbul University Florence Nightingale Nursing College and at Istanbul University Bakirköy Health College. The sample of the study included 167 students who voluntarily consented to participate in the study. The sample was taken from the population of all students continuing their education at the two study universities. Data were collected utilizing the “Information Form 1” and the “Information Form 2” The students' general mean and standard deviation values on Information Form 2 were (117.02±8.04), and when the arithmetic mean and standard deviation values relating to the sections were examined, the results were as follows: Views about the Design of the patient education course (65.19±3.33), Views about the patient education course (24.71±2.57), Views about web-based distance learning after education (27.19±3.86). These were considered to be satisfactory findings indicating that the students had positive views about the web-based patient education course in general. The opinion of the students about the “Patient Education” lesson was generally positive. There was a significant difference with respect to the scores on the questionnaire between the students with, and students without, the ability of learning by themselves, the scores being higher in the former (p<0.05).
Medical Treatment and Difficult Ethical Decisions in Interdisciplinary Hospital Teams
Authors: Rosiek Anna , Leksowski Krzysztof , Goch Aleksander , Rosiek-Kryszewska Aleksandra , Leksowski Łukasz
Published: March 2017

The chapter focuses on organizational culture and ethics, and authors refer to some studies on organizational climate. Authors analyze the relationship between organizational culture and types of performance indicators, which include key concerns of policy makers and the public regarding of hospital behavior. The indicators include resource use per patient (communication process and treatment method, technology, ethical behavior), productivity in resource use (by improving the teamwork and staff education), short-term profitability, patient satisfaction with medical care, and employee satisfaction with improved work culture.
RFID Applications in Healthcare-State-of-the-Art and Future Trends
Authors: Manzoor Amir
Published: March 2017

Implementation of RFID technology-based healthcare services is on the rise. The purpose of this chapter is a thorough, systematic review of the existing literature to provide a discussion of current trends and future directions in this domain. Findings indicate that tracking is the key RFID enabling function. Automatic data collection and transfer is an RFID function also frequently used in relation to assets, staff, and patients. Finally, RFID is employed for sensing, most often in relation to patients, but also to assets. The chapter concludes by highlighting future research directions where the deployment of RFID technology is likely to transform the healthcare sector.
Experimental Investigation on the Fracture Mechanism of Two-Layer Steel/Aluminum Explosively Welded Plate
Authors: Zhou Nan , Guo Hai Tao , Jiang Jing , Tang Song Ze
Published: March 2017

The stereomicroscope, microscopic metallograph and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were adopted to investigate the fracture mechanism of two-layer steel/aluminum composite plates impacted by spherical fragment. The composite plates with the same total thickness (5mm) were fabricated by the method of explosive welding. In ballistic experiment, the spherical fragments were launched by a 14.5mm slip chamber gun to penetrate the composite plate. The effect of the combination state of the interface on the fracture mechanism was analyzed based on the experimental results. The results show that the fracture mechanism of the steel front plate is shearing and plugging and that of aluminum rear plate is ductile prolonging deformation when the tied interface failed by tension (or shearing and plugging when the interface combination remained connected).A narrow adiabatic shear band was formed in the local yield plate damaged by shearing and plugging during the penetration process.