bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of reservoir management modernization under the concept of coordinated development
Authors: Yu Da-jin , Zou Zhengwei , Li Jin
Published: August 2020

The modernization of reservoir management is of great significance to the coordinated development of the region. There are many factors affecting the modernization of reservoir management, and there is a certain degree of ambiguity, randomness and uncertainty among the factors. It is difficult to evaluate the modernization of reservoir management comprehensively by traditional methods. This study first studies the connotation of reservoir management modernization under the concept of coordinated development; that is, securitization, economization, scientificalization and greenization. On this basis, a modernization evaluation system and AHP-Fuzzy evaluation model for reservoir management are constructed. Then, an empirical study is conducted with six large reservoirs in Jiangxi Province of China. The results show that the modernization level of large-scale reservoir management in Jiangxi Province is generally above the middle level, and the economic management and engineering management level of some reservoirs is relatively low, resulting in a low scientific and economic level of reservoir management, which is a key factor restricting the process of reservoir management modernization.
A imagem-graffiti: olhares sobre o conflito armado colombiano
Authors: Pérez Torres Natalia
Published: August 2020

O artigo apresenta e discute o conceito de imagem-graffiti a partir de algumas reflexões sobre o conflito armado na Colômbia. Nesse sentido, indaga sobre o estatuto das imagens na guerra e a relação entre elas e o espectador. Analisando brevemente o trabalho do artista urbano “Guache”, assume-se que a imagem-graffiti pode configurar uma práxis artística e política coletiva e um olhar particular sobre a experiência da guerra no espaço público das cidades.
O fazer antropológico, a produção visual e as experiências da/na cidade
Authors: Brandão Deyse de Fátima do Amarante , Paz Ana Carolina Amorim da
Published: August 2020

O uso das imagens na pesquisa etnográfica, seja como objeto, ferramenta de registro, análise e/ou produto, tem gerado interessantes experiências investigativas que, por sua vez, vem suscitando importantes debates acerca da produção de conhecimento do mundo urbano, revelando formas particulares de pensar, agir e compreender a experiência de cidade não só por meio da escrita, mas também do traço, da deriva e do movimento. Assim, o desenho, a performance, o lambe-lambe, stencil, quadrinhos, fotografia, cinema, grafite, tatuagens, artes plásticas e outras tantas intervenções visuais podem ser não só vistas como linguagens de culturas visuais e sistemas geradores de significados, mas vem sendo recentemente articulado às narrativas etnográficas em prol de um investimento ético-estético-político na pesquisa antropológica. Sendo assim, o presente dossiê visa compilar estudos que versem acerca dessas produções que apostam em novas grafias e suas reflexões no campo das experiências visuais, artísticas e antropológicas no contexto urbano, interessando-nos as discussões sobre essas práticas, seus processos, limites, potencialidades e contribuições à antropologia urbana e a antropologia da imagem.
Anais XVII JUORN
Authors: Gurgel Bruno César de Vasconcelos
Published: August 2020

Anais da XVII JUORN
ÁREAS DE PROPENSÃO A SECA NO ESTADO DA PARAÍBA: UMA ANÁLISE ESPACIAL DOS DECRETOS DE SITUAÇÃO DE EMERGÊNCIA E A ATUAÇÃO DA OPERAÇÃO PIPA
Authors: Farias Thiago da Silva
Published: August 2020

As terras secas são espaços naturais com paisagens marcadas pela escassez hídrica. O atual contexto mundial de mudanças climáticas, essas regiões apresentam tendência ao aumento na ocorrência e magnitude de fenômenos como a estiagem e seca. Os municípios do Semiárido brasileiro possuem maior recorrência destes fenômenos. O Estado brasileiro tem atuado através de ações e políticas públicas que auxiliam esses municípios e suas populações no enfrentamento e convivência a esses fenômenos e seus efeitos. Entre essas, destaca-se a Operação Pipa (OP), que possibilita o acesso à água potável. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma análise espacial e comparativa entre os decretos de Situação de Emergência (SE)/Estado de Calamidade Pública (ECP) e a atuação da OP na Paraíba nos anos de 2012-2016. A metodologia empregada foi a Análise Espacial e Cartográfica que utilizou as informações da OP, oriundas do Comando Militar do Nordeste, e os decretos de SE/ECP por estiagem/seca, disponíveis no S2iD do Ministério do Desenvolvimento Regional. Os resultados indicam a extensão e os impactos da última grande seca, o qual mais de 90% dos municípios do estado tiveram as SE reconhecidas, já em relação à OP, esta esteve presente em mais de 70% dos municípios da Paraíba.
ESTRUTURAÇÃO REGIONAL PRÉ-CRETÁCICA DA IBIAPABA, NOROESTE DO ESTADO DO CEARÁ
Authors: Moura-Fé Marcelo Martins de
Published: August 2020

A Ibiapaba apresenta lacunas em sua história natural e, por conseguinte, há a necessidade de um maior conhecimento sobre sua geomorfologia. Uma etapa importante para o preenchimento dessa lacuna passa pelo conhecimento da estruturação dos substratos geológicos dos relevos que a compõem, na região noroeste do estado do Ceará. Mais do que influenciar, os aspectos litológicos, tectônicos e cronoestratigráficos, mesmo antigos, influenciam e, por vezes, até condicionam o arranjo geomorfológico em escala regional, o que ocorre na Ibiapaba. Sendo assim, o objetivo principal desse trabalho é analisar os condicionamentos geológicos da estruturação regional de idade pré-cretácica na geomorfologia da Ibiapaba em sua porção setentrional, região noroeste do estado do Ceará. Metodologicamente foram utilizados os pressupostos teóricos da ciência geomorfológica, com ênfase na análise morfoestrutural. Tecnicamente, o contingente metodológico se apoiou nas etapas de gabinete, com detalhados e criteriosos levantamentos bibliográfico e cartográfico, na realização de levantamentos de campo e na análise integrada de todos os dados na etapa de laboratório, com ênfase nos mapeamentos temáticos da Ibiapaba e região. Os resultados alcançados permitem fazer uma análise dos condicionantes geológicos de idade pré-cretácica para o quadro geomorfológico da Ibiapaba, condição básica para o conhecimento do relevo e seus aspectos evolutivos.
CURRENT TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF LEGAL REGULATION OF VAT IN THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA (ADOPTION OF TAX LEGISLATION AND REDUCTION OF THE TAX BURDEN)
Authors: BACHURIN Dmitry G.
Published: August 2020

The article is devoted to the legal aspects of improving VAT in the People’s Republic of China. In fact, this is the first attempt to comprehensively study the VAT law, which has passed a nationwide discussion and is awaiting adoption by the highest government body of the PRC.
Changes in national taxation models in the face of increasing turbulence in the global economy highlight the topic of this work, since taking into account the main trends in the legal regulation of value added taxation of the world’s largest VAT economy is important for understanding the possibilities for developing such a system in the Russian Federation.
The subject of research is the transformation of regulatory legal regulation of taxation in the PRC on the basis of progressive improvement of tax legislation.
As the immediate practical tasks to be solved by the country’s leadership in this sphere of public relations, the reduction of the tax burden of the economy and the re-registration of tax law institutions were noted.
The research methodology is based on the use of system analysis and dialectic techniques. The studied financial and legal object is considered as a structurally designed description of a complex dynamic system in its movement and development.
In the framework of comparative law, an attempt was made to identify the basic laws of the legal evolution of the normative regulation of VAT. Attention is drawn to the fact that the main characteristics of the new Chinese VAT correspond to the system of conceptual principles put forward by the OECD, among which the leading role is played by the principle of neutrality of this type of taxation.
In the final part of the work, conclusions are drawn that the proposed tax law of the PRC has a two-level structure, including a wide range of reference norms and by-laws. At the same time, comprehensive measures undertaken by the leadership of the People’s Republic of China in the field of legal regulation of VAT strengthen the country’s socio-economic development opportunities, stimulating entrepreneurs to expand their production.
ESTIMATION THE IMPACT OF VAT INCREASE ON CONSUMER PRICE DYNAMICS IN THE REGIONS OF THE FAR EAST
Authors: KAKAULINA Maria O.
Published: August 2020

This paper deal with problem of estimation the impact of VAT increase on consumer price dynamics in certain regions. We follow a general methodology for assessing the effects of some economic indicators on others using econometric modeling, but with a number of methodological improvements.
We carry out a quantitative assessment using a dynamic econometric model of dependence of the consumer price index (CPI) on the growth rate of VAT tax burden, which was calculated based on data from Rosstat and the Federal Tax Service of Russia. An additional factor of the model is the level of socio-economic situation of the Russian regions, represented as the total score of each region in the integrated rating developed by the RIA Rating Agency.
The obtained results indicate that an increase of VAT tax burden contributes to an increase of consumer prices in the Far Eastern regions. Moreover, the magnitude of the effect is not the same everywhere. According to our forecasts, the largest increase in prices for various groups of goods and services in 2020 should be expected in the Kamchatka Territory, Khabarovsk Territory and the Magadan Region. In 2020, inflation here may amount to 11.4%, 8.3% and 7.3%, respectively, exceeding the value set as the upper limit of 4%.
To solve this problem, we propose to establish the percentage of VAT deductions to the regional budgets and to provide regional authorities with the authority to manage the VAT rate to be credited to these budgets.
The results of the study can be used in the activities of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation and the Bank of Russia in making forecasts of inflation, as well as in the activities of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation in the development of amendments to existing tax legislation.
Sildenafil in Combination Therapy against Cancer: A Literature Review
Authors: Iratni Rabah , Ayoub Mohammed Akli
Published: August 2020

The concepts of drug repurposing and Sildenafil or blue pill are tightly linked over
the years. Indeed, in addition to its initial clinical application as an anti-hypertensive drug in
the pulmonary system, Sildenafil is also known for its beneficial effects in erectile dysfunction.
Moreover, evidence has been accumulated to support its value in anti-cancer therapy,
either alone or in combination with other clinically efficient chemotherapy drugs. In this review,
we focused on the old and recent in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrating the cellular
and molecular rationale for the application of Sildenafil in combination therapy in various
types of cancer. We emphasized on the different molecular targets as well as the different signaling
pathways involved in cancer cells. The pro-apoptotic effect of Sildenafil through nitric
oxide (NO)/ phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5)-dependent manner seems to be one of the most
common mechanisms. However, the activation of autophagy, as well as the modulation of the
anti-tumor immunity, constitutes the other pathways triggered by Sildenafil. Overall, the studies
converged to reveal the complexity of the anti-cancer potential of Sildenafil. Thus, through
our review, we aimed to present an updated and simplified picture of such repurposing of
Sildenafil in the field of oncology.
Roles and Biomedical Applications of Haemolymph Lectin
Authors: Kamei Rana , Devi Oinam S. , Singh Sorokhaibam J. , Singh Senjam S.
Published: August 2020

Background:

Lectins are class of proteins characterized by their ability to selectively bind carbohydrate moieties of glycoproteins. Many invertebrate lectins, especially derived from hemolymph, are being purified, and yet their functions and medical applications are subjects of major interest.

Methods:

Hemolymph lectins in invertebrates play a major role in protecting against many pathogens and microbes. Further, many hemolymph lectins show anticancer properties towards various cancer cell lines, which expresses globotriaosyl ceramides on their cell surface.

Results:

These vast repertoires of hemolymph lectins in recognizing and inhibiting the growth of various harmful microbes and cancerous cells have spurred the biochemist to use them in histochemical and cytochemical studies.

Conclusion:

The present review will address the biological roles and biomedical applications of hemolymph lectin.
Leaf and Fruit Methanolic Extracts of Azadirachta indica Exhibit Antifertility Activity on Rats’ Sperm Quality and Testicular Histology
Authors: Irais Castillo-Maldonado , Claudia Borjón-Ríos , David Pedroza-Escobar , Ashutosh Sharma , Rubén García-Garza , Agustina Ramírez-Moreno , del Carmen Vega-Menchaca M. , Mario-Alberto Rivera-Guillén , Luis-Benjamín Serrano-Gallardo
Published: August 2020

Background:

The world's population is still growing, having an impact on the environment and the economic growth of developing countries; so that, there is a particular interest in the development of new fertility control methods, focused on male contraception.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of methanolic extracts of leaf and fruit of Azadirachta indica on sperm quality and testicular histology of Long Evans rats.

Methods:

Antifertility effects of a methanolic leaf and fruit extracts of A. indica on 24 male rats were investigated. The animals were randomly divided into two control groups and four treatment groups (n=4). Doses of the leaf and fruit extract were given at concentrations of 100 and 200 μg mL-1.

Results:

A significant decrease in the viability of sperm cells was observed. The leaf extract at a concentration of 200 μg mL-1 inhibited cell viability compared to the negative control (p< 0.001). The percentage of abnormal cells in leaf extract was shown in 100 and 200 μg mL-1, the conditions at which a higher percentage of morphological irregularities of observed (15% and 16% respectively). The results show that there was cellular detachment in the seminiferous epithelium in the experimental groups treated with methanolic extracts. Sperm death was observed without decreasing the number of sperm.

Conclusion:

The methanolic extracts of Azadirachta indica have a modulating effect on the spermatogenesis of experimental rats through sperm morphological alterations.
Leveraging on Active Site Similarities; Identification of Potential Inhibitors of Zinc-Finger and UFSP domain Protein (ZUFSP)
Authors: Ajadi Mary B. , Soremekun Opeyemi S. , Adewumi Adeniyi T. , Kumalo Hezekiel M. , Soliman Mahmoud E.S.
Published: August 2020

Background:

ZUFSP (Zinc-finger and UFSP domain protein) is a novel representative
member of the recently characterized seventh class of deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs). Due to the
roles DUBs play in genetic instability, they have become a major drug target in cancer and neurodegenerative
diseases. ZUFSP, being a DUB enzyme has also been implicated in genetic stability.
However, no lead compound has been developed to target ZUFSP.

Objective/Methods:

Therefore, in this study, we used a combined drug repurposing, virtual screening
and per-Residue Energy Decomposition (PRED) to identify ZUFSP inhibitors with therapeutic potential.
3-bromo-6-[4-hydroxy-1-3(3-phenylbutanoyl)piperidin-4-yl]methyl-4H,5H,6H,7H-thieno[2,3-
C]pyridine-7-one (BHPTP) which is an inhibitor of USP7 was repurposed to target ZUFSP. The rationale
behind this is based on the similarity of the active between USP7 and ZUFSP.

Results:

PRED of the binding between BHPTP and ZUFSP revealed Cys223, Arg408, Met410,
Asn460, and Tyr465 as the crucial residues responsible for this interaction. The pharmacophoric moieties
of BHPTP responsible for this binding along with other physiochemical properties were used as a
filter to retrieve potential ligands. 799 compounds were retrieved, ZINC083241427, ZINC063648749,
and ZINC063648753 were selected due to the binding energy they exhibited. Cheminformatics analysis
revealed that the compounds possess high membrane permeability, however, BHPTP had a low membrane
permeability. Furthermore, the compounds are drug like, having obeyed Lipinski’s rule of five.

Conclusion:

aken together, findings from this study put ZINC083241427, ZINC063648749, and
ZINC063648753 as potential ZUFSP inhibitor, however, more experimental validation is required to
unravel the mechanism of actions of these compounds.
Virtual Screening of Natural Products Database
Authors: de Sousa Luis José Alixandre , Barros Renata Priscila Costa , de Sousa Natália Ferreira , Muratov Eugene , Scotti Luciana , Scotti Marcus Tullius
Published: August 2020

Constant research on natural products has generated, over time, a large number of
compounds with the potential to be evaluated in several biological tests and subsequently have been
cataloged in databases that allow other researchers to perform virtual screenings of activity in various
biological systems. This considerably reduces the time for the development of new drugs. This review
describes the main databases of natural products available for searching bioactive compounds. It also
describes the main features of virtual screening strategies for the identification of molecules with the
potential to be used as new drugs. In addition, a search was made in the Web of Science database,
using the search term "Virtual screening of natural products databases" from 2003 to 2018. The search
criterion resulted in 230 articles, which had their abstracts evaluated with pertinence to the criteria
required for this work, which are: a) be a research article; b) performing a virtual screening on
databases of natural products or containing natural products; and c) works that identified drug
candidate molecules. Based on these criteria, the bibliographic review on the topic was excluded. After
this analysis, 104 works were selected for this review. We selected relevant papers describing the
potential drug candidates that were distributed in 15 classes, of which the anticancer, antibacterial and
anti-inflammatory hits were the most abundant. The works showing efforts to search for new
molecules against various other diseases in distinct biological systems were also described. In this way,
this work shows an overview of several methodologies and we hope they can help and inspire the
development of new research to improve people's quality of life.
Homology Modeling of Coronavirus Structural Proteins and Molecular Docking of Potential Drug Candidates for the Treatment of COVID-19
Authors: Ishola Ahmed Adebayo , Asogwa Nnaemeka Tobechukwu
Published: August 2020

Background:

The discovery of a novel strain of coronavirus in 2019 (COVID-19) has triggered a series of tragic events in the world with thousands of deaths recorded daily. Despite the huge resources committed to the discovery of vaccines against this highly pathogenic virus, scientists are still unable to find suitable treatments for the disease. Understanding the structure of coronavirus proteins could provide a basis for the development of cheap, potent and, less toxic vaccines.

Objective:

This study was therefore designed to model coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein and envelope (E) protein as well as to carry out molecular docking of potential drugs to the homologs and coronavirus main protease (Mpro).

Methods:

Homology modeling of coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein and envelope (E) protein was carried out using sequence deposited in the Uniprot database. The topological features of the model’s catalytic site were evaluated using the CASTp server. Compounds reported as potential drugs against COVID-19 were docked to S glycoprotein, E protein, and coronavirus main protease (Mpro) to determine the best ligands and the mode of interaction.

Results:

Homology modeling of the proteins revealed structures with 91-98% sequence similarity with PDB entries. The catalytic site of the modeled proteins contained conserved residue involved in ligand binding. In addition, remdesivir, lopinavir, and ritonavir have a high binding affinity for the three proteins studied interacting with key residues in the protein’s catalytic domain.

Conclusion:

Results from the study revealed that remdesivir, lopinavir, and ritonavir are inhibitors of key coronavirus proteins and therefore qualify for further studies as a potential treatment for coronavirus.
Conceptual study of Brahma Muhurta
Authors: Banarase Dr. Navin
Published: August 2020

Waking up at Brahmya Muhurta is one of the most important procedure in Ayurveda, because our Dinacharya starts with this procedure. The physical and mental health benefits of waking up early has been mentioned in many literatures, but the physiological correlation between Modern Science and Ayurveda has not been explained anywhere. This article will elaborate the Sharira concept of Brahmya Muhurta according to Ayurveda and Modern Medical Science.
Sthoulya w.s.r. to Obesity Management - A Case Study
Authors: KL Dr. Navyashree , Adiga Dr. Manjunatha
Published: August 2020

Background: New world syndrome like obesity is one of the world’s oldest metabolic disorders is heading for the rocks with various reasons like urbanization and modernization. Though obesity and over weight is not affecting much to a person for daily living, the complication of which has become burning issue in the society. Aim and Objective: To assess the efficacy of Shamanoushadi along with Pathya Ahara Vihara. Methods: Guduchi Bhadraadi Kashaya, Hareetaki Churna and Pathya Ahara Vihara. Results: Management of Sthoulya with Pathya Ahara Vihara along with Shamanoushadi was effective in all qualitative and quantitative data. Discussion: The drug possessing Rooksha Guna, Kaphahara property counteracts Sthoulya. Conclusion: Our classics with variety of treatment to individual disease suggest the stages or condition that disease can cross over
Effect of Gomutra Bhavita Bakuchi Churna Lepa on Shwitra - A Case Study
Authors: Bhagat Dr.Sanjeev , Tripathy Dr.Tapas Brata , Sharma Dr.Swati
Published: August 2020

Shwitra is considered in Kushta. It is not painful and trouble some. In society it is very dreadful and hating state. One percent population is suffering in world. It produces mental discomfort. A 25 year year old girl had being suffering from white patches over forehead area. Gomutra Bhavita Bakuchi Churna Lepa mixed with Gomutra, is adviced to apply on the affected area in morning 9am and evening 4pm with exposure to sunlight for one month daily. The assessement criteria were size and colour of the patches. The effect of Gomutra Bhavita Bakuchi Churna Lepa is to enhance the proliferation of melanocytes. The content of Gomutra Bhavita Bakuchi Churna Lepa along with sunlight is very effective. The colour of the skin of effected area become red and sizes diminishes.
Study of etiological factors of Kashtartava (dysmenorrhea) in urban population
Authors: Gahukar Dr. Priti , Gahukar Dr. Vedprakash
Published: August 2020

The lifestyle of today’s women is getting changed due to modernization and sedentary life style. This has resulted in increase in number of diseases alarmingly like infertility, abortions, miscarriages, early menopause, breast cancers, cervical and ovarian cancers and many more gynaecological disorders. Such kind of unhealthy lifestyle, food habits, and psychological factors has affected the offspring also. Kashtartava is a broad term which covers all the problems and ailments that a woman may suffer from during or around menstruation. It includes both primary and secondary types of dysmenorrhea. Thus, 200 patients in the age-group of 12-25 years suffering from dysmenorrhea were registered for the survey study. Assessments of patients were done by scale based on symptoms of Kashtartava and assessment of Ahara-Vihar and Manashetus. In survey study it was found that, the Hetus and Lakshana found in patients of Kashtartava were nearly similar but the severity and number of Hetus and Lakshana in urban population were on higher side.
Cronies, Rents, and Import Licenses: Non-tariff Trade Controls throughout Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI) in Mexico
Authors: Castañeda Alejandro
Published: August 2020

This paper fills a gap in the literature about Import-substituting Industrialization (ISI) by analyzing non-tariff trade controls, mainly import licenses, with a focus on Mexico, a case that has not been studied in detail. The core questions addressed include: Which specific pattern licensing were followed? What was the economic rationale behind such pattern, and Is there evidence that non-tariff controls were ‘captured’ that is, facilitating rent-seeking? In order to answer these questions, the project takes a qualitative and quantitative approach, using primary evidence gathered in archives as well as statistics from secondary sources, which are combined in novel ways. Specifically, here we provide descriptive statistics of the licensing system, and demonstrate that the policy lacked internal consistency, an overwhelming majority of products were protected for far longer than officially specified, and that illegal source of rents from trade –smuggling and “free perimeters”– were significant. The main findings, which shed light on larger debates about ISI are that excessive protectionism was neither effective nor sustainable and that cronyism characterized the post-Second World War process of industrialization in Mexico.
Relación entre valores universales y compromiso académico en cadetes del Ejército y la Marina de Perú
Authors: Díaz Rosillo Alberto , Lescano López Galia Susana , Paz Palacios Walter Rolando
Published: August 2020

Esta investigación explora la importancia de los valores universales de Schwartz, el nivel de compromiso académico y la relación entre estos en cadetes de escuelas militares del Perú. Para ello, se aplicó una encuesta estructurada a 1282 cadetes del Ejército y la Marina, analizada con ecuaciones estructurales por mínimos cuadrados parciales. Como resultado, tras establecer la validez y fiabilidad de las escalas, se encuentra una relación directa entre los valores y el compromiso académico para cada una de las muestras consideradas (muestra completa, Escuela del Ejército; Escuela Naval; cadetes hombres y mujeres). Se analizan las relaciones significativas existentes, por valores individuales y agrupados, y por dimensiones del compromiso. También se analizan las diferencias entre muestras en función de los cursos de la carrera militar en cada escuela y por sexo.
Твердофазная низкотемпературная эволюция бинарной системы Pb-Au: через контактные взаимодействия к интерметаллидам, через деструктуризацию к новому многоэлементному состоянию
Authors: Рождествина В.И.
Published: August 2020

The article is devoted to the study of the behavior of a titanium alloy under conditions of high-speed penetration at a speed of approximately 2.0 km / s. It is shown that in the target during penetration, three penetration zones are observed that differ in the mechanisms of plastic deformation and fracture.
Синтез, структура и теплофизические свойства апатитов Pb-=SUB=-1-x-=/SUB=-Bi-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-(GeO-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=-)-=SUB=-2+x-=/SUB=-VO-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=-)-=SUB=-4-x-=/SUB=- (x=0-3) в области 350-950 K
Authors: Денисова Л.Т. , Молокеев М.С. , Денисов В.М. , Голубева Е.О. , Галиахметова Н.А.
Published: August 2020

The compounds Pb10 ‒ xBix(GeO4)2+x(VO4)4-x (x = 0-3) with an aatite structure were first synthesized from the initial oxides of PbO, Bi2O3, GeO2 and V2O5 by solid ‒ phase synthesis with annealing in air in the temperature range of 773-1073 K. Their structure was determined using x-ray diffraction analysis. The influence of temperature on the heat capacity of synthesized compounds was studied using differential scanning calorimetry. Using the experimental data on Cp = f(T), the thermodynamic properties of the compound have been calculated.
Влияние антисайт-дефектов в иттрий-алюминиевом гранате на парамагнитные центры Ce-=SUP=-3+-=/SUP=- и Tb-=SUP=-3+-=/SUP=-
Authors: Асатрян Г.Р. , Единач Е.В. , Успенская Ю.А. , Бабунц Р.А. , Бадалян А.Г. , Романов Н.Г. , Петросян А.Г. , Баранов П.Г.
Published: August 2020

В кристаллах иттрий-алюминиевого граната (YAG), содержащих примеси тербия и церия, наряду с основными сигналами электронного парамагнитного резонанса (ЭПР) ионов Tb3+ и Се3+, находящихся в додекаэдрических узлах решетки YAG в регулярном окружении, наблюдались линии с меньшей (несколько процентов) интенсивностью. Они также принадлежат парамагнитным центрам тербия и церия, но характеризуются несколько измененными параметрами --- начальным расщеплением уровней для некрамерсовых ионов Tb3+ и g-факторами для ионов Се3+. Показано, что природа таких центров и их число могут быть объяснены присутствием антисайт-дефектов YAl (ионов иттрия в октаэдрических позициях алюминия) в окружении Tb3+ и Се3+. Ключевые слова: электронный парамагнитный резонанс, иттрий-алюминиевый гранат, редкоземельные элементы, антисайт-дефекты.
Парамагнитные центры V-=SUP=-2+-=/SUP=- в иттрий-алюминиевом гранате
Authors: Важенин В.А. , Потапов А.П. , Асатрян Г.Р. , Артёмов М.Ю.
Published: August 2020

The study of the EPR spectrum of Y3Al5O12:V crystals allowed us to determine the parameters of the fine and hyperfine structure of the V2+ trigonal centers. The existence of V2+ triclinic centers that arose as a result of association of V2+ with defects that reduce symmetry was discovered.
Влияние церия на спектральные и структурные характеристики LuBO-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-(Ce, Tb)
Authors: Шмурак С.З. , Кедров В.В. , Киселев А.П. , Фурсова Т.Н. , Зверькова И.И. , Хасанов С.С.
Published: August 2020

The structure, IR absorption, luminescence and luminescence excitation spectra of Ce3+ and Tb3+ ions have been studied in the crystals of Lu1−x−yCexTbyBO3 solid solutions at 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.01, 0.07 ≤ y ≤ 0.16. It has been shown that Lu1−yTbyBO3 solid solution synthesized at Т = 970°С has the structure of a calcite at 0  y ≤ 0.07, the structure of a vaterite at y ≥ 0.16, and is two-phase in a range of 0.07  y < 0.16. It has been determined that additional alloying of two-phase Lu1-yTbyBO3 samples with the vaterite phase fraction of not more than ~ 20 % with 0.5 – 1 at.% of Ce3+ leads to a significant decrease in the amount of the vaterite phase. It has been demonstrated that Ce3+ ions can be used as structure-sensitive and optically active marks when analyzing the structural state of rare earth orthoborates.
Изменение дефектной структуры поверхности ленты металлического стекла Fe-=SUB=-77-=/SUB=-Ni-=SUB=-1-=/SUB=-Si-=SUB=-9-=/SUB=-B-=SUB=-13-=/SUB=- при воздействии гидростатического давления и изотермического отжига
Authors: Бутенко П.Н. , Бетехтин В.И. , Корсуков В.Е. , Кадомцев А.Г. , Нарыкова М.В.
Published: August 2020

The features and generality of the effect of hydrostatic pressure and annealing on the surface relief of the contact and non-contact side of the Fe77Ni1Si9B13 metal glass ribbon are revealed. The relationship between transformation of the ribbon surface inhomogeneities under these effects and possible formation of nanocrystalline regions are analyzed. We found that the evolution of the surface inhomogeneities at the contact side of the ribbon after annealing procedure leads to appearing of discrete-sized fractions in these regions
Магнитоэлектрический эффект в двухслойных композитах с градиентной магнитной фазой
Authors: Шут В.Н. , Трубловский В.Л. , Лалетин В.М. , Ядройцев И.
Published: August 2020

The samples of homogeneous (x = 0; 0.1; 0.2) and multilayer ceramics with compositional gradient (х = 0.2 → 0.1 → 0 → 0.1 → 0.2) based on solid solutions of nickel – zinc ferrites (Ni1–xZnx) Fe2O4 have been prepared by thick-film technology. The graded samples had smooth inhomogeneous distribution of chemical elements (Zn, Ni) throughout the thickness after sintering by the two-stage mode.
The longitudinal (αE33) and transverse (αE31) magnetoelectric effects in bilayer PZT – nickel – zinc ferrite composites were studied. Magnetoelectric coefficients were not significant in the absence of an external constant magnetic field. The maximum value of the longitudinal magnetoelectric coefficient in composites with graded magnetic phase was almost two times higher than the value of αE33 in homogeneous structures.
Генерация неравновесных зародышей намагниченности в быстро нарастающем магнитном поле в синтетических ферримагнетиках Pt/Co/Ir/Co/Pt
Authors: Моргунов Р.Б. , Безверхний А.И.
Published: August 2020

In a Pt/Co/Ir/Co/Pt synthetic ferrimagnet with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, stochastically occurring peak of magnetic moment was detected in the rapidly increasing magnetic field of 16 kOe / s sweep rate at T = 300 K. The peak arises at the coinciding switching fields between three equilibrium magnetization states. The reason of the peak is nucleation of the nonequilibrium magnetic domains in the vicinity of structural defects of the Co film, where diminished activation energy of magnetic nucleation takes place.
Global Infodemiology of COVID-19: Analysis of Google Web Searches and Instagram Hashtags
Authors: Rovetta Alessandro , Bhagavathula Akshaya Srikanth
Published: August 2020

Background

Although “infodemiological” methods have been used in research on coronavirus disease (COVID-19), an examination of the extent of infodemic moniker (misinformation) use on the internet remains limited.

Objective

The aim of this paper is to investigate internet search behaviors related to COVID-19 and examine the circulation of infodemic monikers through two platforms—Google and Instagram—during the current global pandemic.

Methods

We have defined infodemic moniker as a term, query, hashtag, or phrase that generates or feeds fake news, misinterpretations, or discriminatory phenomena. Using Google Trends and Instagram hashtags, we explored internet search activities and behaviors related to the COVID-19 pandemic from February 20, 2020, to May 6, 2020. We investigated the names used to identify the virus, health and risk perception, life during the lockdown, and information related to the adoption of COVID-19 infodemic monikers. We computed the average peak volume with a 95% CI for the monikers.

Results

The top six COVID-19–related terms searched in Google were “coronavirus,” “corona,” “COVID,” “virus,” “corona virus,” and “COVID-19.” Countries with a higher number of COVID-19 cases had a higher number of COVID-19 queries on Google. The monikers “coronavirus ozone,” “coronavirus laboratory,” “coronavirus 5G,” “coronavirus conspiracy,” and “coronavirus bill gates” were widely circulated on the internet. Searches on “tips and cures” for COVID-19 spiked in relation to the US president speculating about a “miracle cure” and suggesting an injection of disinfectant to treat the virus. Around two thirds (n=48,700,000, 66.1%) of Instagram users used the hashtags “COVID-19” and “coronavirus” to disperse virus-related information.

Conclusions

Globally, there is a growing interest in COVID-19, and numerous infodemic monikers continue to circulate on the internet. Based on our findings, we hope to encourage mass media regulators and health organizers to be vigilant and diminish the use and circulation of these infodemic monikers to decrease the spread of misinformation.
Real-Time Digital Contact Tracing: Development of a System to Control COVID-19 Outbreaks in Nursing Homes and Long-Term Care Facilities
Authors: Wilmink Gerald , Summer Ilyssa , Marsyla David , Sukhu Subhashree , Grote Jeffrey , Zobel Gregory , Fillit Howard , Movva Satish
Published: August 2020

Background

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can spread rapidly in nursing homes and long-term care (LTC) facilities. Symptoms-based screening and manual contact tracing have limitations that render them ineffective for containing the viral spread in LTC facilities. Symptoms-based screening alone cannot identify asymptomatic people who are infected, and the viral spread is too fast in confined living quarters to be contained by slow manual contact tracing processes.

Objective

We describe the development of a digital contact tracing system that LTC facilities can use to rapidly identify and contain asymptomatic and symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infected contacts. A compartmental model was also developed to simulate disease transmission dynamics and to assess system performance versus conventional methods.

Methods

We developed a compartmental model parameterized specifically to assess the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) transmission in LTC facilities. The model was used to quantify the impact of asymptomatic transmission and to assess the performance of several intervention groups to control outbreaks: no intervention, symptom mapping, polymerase chain reaction testing, and manual and digital contact tracing.

Results

Our digital contact tracing system allows users to rapidly identify and then isolate close contacts, store and track infection data in a respiratory line listing tool, and identify contaminated rooms. Our simulation results indicate that the speed and efficiency of digital contact tracing contributed to superior control performance, yielding up to 52% fewer cases than conventional methods.

Conclusions

Digital contact tracing systems show promise as an effective tool to control COVID-19 outbreaks in LTC facilities. As facilities prepare to relax restrictions and reopen to outside visitors, such tools will allow them to do so in a surgical, cost-effective manner that controls outbreaks while safely giving residents back the life they once had before this pandemic hit.
POTENTIAL THERAPEUTIC AVENUES FOR COVID-19 THERAPY
Authors: DIYYA A SALOMY MONICA , THOMAS NOEL VINAY
Published: August 2020

Covid-19, an infectious disease caused by coronavirus spreads by salivary droplets or nasal discharge from an infected person during sneezing or coughing. This infectious disease is caused by a novel coronavirus, SARS CoV-2 shares the same structure with that of the virus that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Most of the people who are infected with Covid-19 will experience respiratory illness and can be treated with antiviral drugs and or a combination of antiviral drugs and supportive therapies. Many medical investigational approaches are being investigated to design possible treatment strategies and possible avenues for Covid-19 therapy. Potential strategies for the treatment of Covid-19 include antiviral medication, the combination of interferons and antiviral drugs, interleukin inhibitors. Recent studies show that the use of plasma from survivors can help patients in recovering from the disease. This approach of using plasma is termed as convalescent plasma therapy. Another newer technology that includes the construction of a recombinant vaccine is gaining importance for further investigation. The other major approaches include the therapeutic use of serine protease inhibitors, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, ammonium chloride in definite doses. New study approaches include investigation on the production of monoclonal antibodies has gained a way for further clinical research. An effective supportive therapy includes extracorporeal membrane oxygenation could be considered as rescued therapy for the patients having respiratory distress. After sufficient clinical data is obtained and by taking all these approaches into consideration, the treatment protocol can be designed to treat Covid-19 successfully.
PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE PRODUCED FROM α-CELLULOSE BETUNG BAMBOO (DENDROCALAMUS ASPER) AND IT’S EVALUATION ON GEL FORMULATION
Authors: AKBAR MUHAMMAD HERPI , HARMITA  , SURYADI HERMAN
Published: August 2020

Objective: This study aim to obtain the optimum condition of preparation of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) produced from α-cellulose betung bamboo, physicochemical properties of HPMC powder and its characteristics in a gel formulation.

Methods: HPMC of betung bamboo (HPMC BB) were optimized by central composite design (CCD) using three variables (sodium hydroxide concentration, dimethyl sulfate concentration, and temperature) and five levels (0,±1, and±α). The suggested optimum condition was subjected to further characterization. HPMC BB was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry, particle size analyzer (PSA), x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and compared to HPMC 60SH as the reference. Then, HPMC BB was used as a gelling agent in a gel formulation and the gel was evaluated, including appearance and homogeneity, pH, viscosity, and spreadability.

Results: Optimum condition of preparation of HPMC BB was using sodium hydroxide 27.68% (w/v) and 1.26 ml dimethyl sulfate (based on 1 g α-cellulose) at 58.11 °C which resulted in molar substitution 0.21 and degree of substitution 2.09. The results showed that HPMC BB was a fine powder with yellowish-white color, odorless and tasteless, pH 7.02, residue on ignition 1.39%, methoxy groups content 28.56%, hydroxypropoxy groups content 7.09%, mean particle size 98.595 μm, loss on drying 3.62%, and moisture content 7.47%. Flow properties of HPMC BB classified in the fair category. The infrared spectrum and diffraction patterns were relatively similar to HPMC 60SH. The gel has a good homogeneity and spreadability and viscosity 142.5 mPa⋅s. pH 6.37.

Conclusion: Based on the comparison to reference, HPMC BB showed relatively similar physicochemical and powder properties. However, HPMC BB is not recommended as a gelling agent in gel formulation because it has a low viscosity.
INVESTIGATING THE ROLE OF NF-κB, COX-1, COX-2, COMT, IL-10, IL-6 AND TNF-α IN MODULATING ANTI-NOCICEPTIVE ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF ENTADA PHASEOLOIDES
Authors: BARUA CHANDANA CHOUDHURY , BARBHUIYA S. M. ABDUL AZIZ , BURAGOHAIN LIPIKA , KAKATI AJAY , BARUA ACHEENTA GOHAIN
Published: August 2020

Objective: To investigate the analgesic activity of methanolic extract of Entada phaseoloides (MEEP) along with its molecular mechanistic pathway.

Methods: Swiss albino female mice and Wistar rats of either sex were administered orally with MEEP extracts (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) and pentazocine, tramadol and diclofenac sodium, as standard drugs. Following administration, anti-nociceptive activity was evaluated using an acetic acid-induced writhing test, Eddy’s hot plate, and hot water immersion test. Serum was collected for molecular expression of various proteins and genes using Reverse Transcriptase PCR and Western Blotting.

Results: Acetic acid writhing test, a frequently used method to assess peripheral analgesic activity, revealed that MEEP reduced peripherally induced pain in a dose-dependent manner. Likewise, Eddy’s hot plate and hot water immersion methods, often implicated for testing central analgesic activities, showed that MEEP is bestowed with the capability to counteract analgesia in a dose and time-dependent manner. Pro-inflammatory cytokines and factors like COX-2, IL-6, TNF-α, and NF-κB that cause inflammatory responses and pain were significantly reduced, suggesting its analgesic and anti-inflammatory potential. This analgesic and the anti-inflammatory role played by MEEP is also supported by the up-regulation of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and COMT and COX-1 enzyme demonstrated no significant difference between the groups.

Conclusion: The study revealed the weak peripheral and potent central analgesic property MEEP by modulating pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory pathways.
IDENTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT OF PREDIABETES-A RURAL INDIAN STUDY (A CORRELATIVE STUDY BETWEEN QUESTIONNAIRE AND BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS)
Authors: S. VENKATESAN , S. SUSILA , S. SUTHANTHIRAN , S. MADHUSUDHAN , N. PAARI
Published: August 2020

Objective: To identify and prevent the vulnerable prediabetic population becoming diabetic patients in the future using the Indian Diabetic Risk Score (IDRS) and to evaluate the performance of the IDRS questionnaire for detecting prediabetes and predicting the risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Chidambaram rural Indian population.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out among patients attending a master health check-up of RMMCH hospital located at Chidambaram. The IDRS was calculated by using four simple measures of age, family history of diabetes, physical activity, and waist measurement. The relevant blood test, like Fasting plasma glucose (FBS), Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) test, were observed for identifying prediabetes. Subjects were classified as Normoglycemic, prediabetics, and diabetics based on the questionnaire and diagnostic criteria of the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) guidelines.

Results: In the study, sensitivity and specificity of IDRS score were found to be 84.21% and 63.4% respectively for detecting prediabetes in community with the positive predictive value of 51.6% and negative predictive value of 89.6% and prevalence of prediabetes in the Chidambaram rural population is 31.6% among the 60 participants.

Conclusion: The Indian diabetic risk score questionnaire designed by Ma­dras diabetic research federation is a useful screening tool to identify unknown type 2 diabetes mellitus. The question­naire is a reliable, valuable, and easy to use screening tool which can be used in a primary care setup.
IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES OF ALCHORNEA CORDIFOLIA (SCHUMACH AND THONN.) MULL. ARG. AND ANTROCARYON KLAINEANUM PIERRE EXTRACTS
Authors: NDJIB ROSETTE CHRISTELLE , DJOVA STEVE VALDI , KOM CHRISTELLE WAYOUE , AGBOR AGBOR GABRIEL , MAMAT AMINA , DIBONG SIEGFRIED DIDIER , NYEGUE MAXIMILIENNE ASCENSION
Published: August 2020

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory activities of the aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts recipe of Alchornea cordifolia and Antrocaryon klaineanum. A preliminary phytochemical screening was carried out.

Methods: The total phenols content was determined by the Folin Ciocalteu reagent method, while the antioxidant activity of both extracts was characterized by the 2-2diphenyl-1-picrilhidrazil (DPPH) and β-carotene assays. The anti-inflammatory activity of the extracts was evaluated as the inhibition of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) denaturation and antiproteinase activity.

Results: The aqueous extracts of Alchornea cordifolia and Antrocaryon klaineanum contained more polyphenols [270 mg Ascorbic acid equivalent (AAE)/g dry weight (dw)] than the hydroethanolic recipe extract (262.41 mg AAE/g dw) at the same concentration level. On the other hand, the aqueous and hydroethanolic recipe extract had the same radical scavenging activity with the antiradical power of 0.851 and 0.830, respectively. Similarly, the recipe extract had the same reducing activity with reducing the power of 94.2±2.03 mg EAA/g dw and 97.4±4.16 mg EAA/g dw for the aqueous and hydroethanolic recipe extract of Alchornea cordifolia and Antrocaryon klaineanum respectively. For the anti-inflammatory activity it was observed that both extracts possess the same activity as Diclofenac® with an IC50 of 50.21 μg/ml. The phytochemical screening of the extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, carbohydrates, phenols and tannins, which may account for their activities.

Conclusion: The plant recipe extract studied possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials, which may be beneficiary to its consumers.