bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PELAKSANAAN PILKADA SUSULAN GUBERNUR DAN WAKIL GUBERNUR KALIMANTAN TENGAH PADA TANGGAL 27 JANUARI 2016
Authors: Ridho M.rosyid
Published: June 2021

Pemungutan Suara Pemilihan Gubernur dan Wakil Gubernur Kalimantan Tengah Susulan, pada hari Rabu, 27 Januari 2016 diduga telah mengabaikan ketentuan hukum dan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku oleh KPU RI, KPU Provinsi Kalteng dan penyelenggara negara terkait lainnya. Jika KPU RI, KPU Provinsi Kalteng dan para penyelenggara negara lainnya yang terkait dalam pelaksanaan Pemilihan Gubernur dan Wakil Gubernur Kalimantan Tengah, konsisten dengan istilah yuridis “Pemungutan Suara Pemilihan Gubernur dan Wakil Gubernur Kalimantan Tengah Susulan”, seharusnya menerapkan ketentuan Pasal 121 Ayat (2) jo. Pasal 5 Ayat (1) dan Ayat (3) UU Nomor 1 Tahun 2015 jo. Pasal 4, 5 dan 6 Peraturan KPU RI Nomor: 2 Tahun 2015 tentang Tahapan, Program dan Jadwal Penyelenggaraan Pemilihan Gubernur dan Wakil Gubernur/Bupati dan Wakil Bupati/Walikota dan Wakil Walikota (diundangkan tanggal 16 April 2015 dalam Berita Negara RI Tahun 2015 Nomor 565)Kata kunci:  demokrasi, pemilihan, pelaksanaan  Voting for the Election of Governors and Deputy Governors of Central Kalimantan, on Wednesday, January 27, 2016 was alleged to have ignored the provisions of the law and legislation in force by the KPU RI, Central Kalimantan Provincial Election Commission and other relevant state organizers. If the KPU RI, Central Kalimantan Provincial Election Commission and other state organizers are involved in the Election of the Governor and Deputy Governor of Central Kalimantan, consistent with the juridical term "Election of Governor and Deputy Governor of Central Kalimantan", should apply the provisions of Article 121 Paragraph (2) jo Article 5 Paragraph (1) and Paragraph (3) of Law Number 1 Year 2015 jo. Article 4, 5 and 6 RI KPU Regulation Number: 2 of 2015 concerning Stages, Programs and Schedule of Implementation of Election of Governors and Deputy Governors / Regents and Deputy Regents / Mayors and Deputy Mayors (promulgated April 16 2015 in Republic of Indonesia State Gazette Year 2015 Number 565 )Keywords: democracy, election, implementation
PARTAI POLITIK SEBAGAI BADAN HUKUM DALAM SISTEM KEPARTAIAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Mahmudi Mohammad
Published: June 2021

Political parties in Indonesia are growing and growing rapidly, therefore, there needs to be a new idea in the effort to develop and dissolve the bankrupt political party in order to create a system Indonesian parting is a simple multiparty system. The results of this study show that the establishment of a significant political party and efforts to simplify the political party by going through an unusual stage is by means of The application of the bankruptcy political party to the Constitutional Court of its purpose is to efficiencies the country-issued budget for political parties as well as making the system of Indonesia's parting systems a multi-party system that is simple but in terms Do the idea of having to pay attention to several important factors including: democratic, rational, and Non-discriminatory principles.Keywords: Political parties, political party disbandment, simple Multi Party system.
EFEKTIVITAS MEDIASI DALAM PENYELESAIAN PERKARA PERCERAIAN DI PENGADILAN AGAMA PASURUAN
Authors: Hariyani Sri
Published: June 2021

Pengadilan Agama Pasuruan telah melakukan beberapa upaya dalam mengefektifkan mediasi mulai dari ditetapkannya beberapa hakim mediator dengan dikeluarkannya Surat Keputusan oleh Ketua Pengadilan, serta mengupayakan dengan menyediakan ruang khusus mediasi dan papan nama-nama mediator yang memudahkan para pihak yang bersengketa dalam memilih mediator. Bahwasanya mediasi masih kurang begitu efektif dalam menyelesaikan masalah perceraian. Penyebab paling utama dalam hal ini adalah kelemahan kesadaran, egoisme dan tidak adanya kemauan kuat untuk damai. Dualisme fungsi mediator yang juga berperan sebagai Hakim memberikan pengaruh bagi mediasi yang dilakukannya. Diperlukan adanya mediator non Hakim ataupun mediator bersertifikat yang lebih berpengalaman untuk dapat lebih meningkatkan keberhasilan proses mediasi. Keberhasilan mediasi yang hanya sepuluh persen tersebut dikarenakan beberapa hal, yaitu kemampuan membawa suasana saat mediasi yang terkadang di selingi dengan gurauan kecil agar suasana tidak kaku. Selanjutnya yaitu kesabaran mediator yang mana hal ini merupakan poin utama dalam mediasi, sebab pihak berperkara dengan keadaan psikologi mereka yang berselisih tentunya akan membuat suasana menjadi kurang nyamanKata kunci: Mediasi, perkara, perceraianThe Pasuruan religious court has made several efforts in effective mediation ranging from the establishment of several judges to the mediator with the issuance of decree by the Chairman of the Court, and sought by providing a special space of mediation and the name Board of the mediator that facilitates the parties who dispute in selecting a mediator. The mediation is still less effective in resolving divorce problems. The main cause in this case is the weakness of consciousness, selfishness and lack of strong will for peace. Dualism functions of mediators who also act as judges influence the mediation he does. It is necessary for a non-professional mediator or a more experienced certified mediator to further enhance the success of the mediation process. The success of mediation is only ten percent due to several things, which is the ability to bring the atmosphere when mediation is sometimes interspersed with small jokes so that the atmosphere is not stiff. Furthermore, the patience mediator which is the main point in the mediation, because the parties litigated with the psychological state of the dispute will certainly make the atmosphere becomes less comfortableKeywords: mediation, matters, divorce
PENANGGULANGAN TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI PADA APARATUR SIPIL NEGARA
Authors: Yuwono Sigit
Published: June 2021

Banyak faktor yang mendorong seseorang  Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) individu untuk melakukan tindak tindak pidana korupsi yang salah satunya adalah latar belakang pendidikan dan status sosial . Diharapkan dengan semakin tinggi tingkat pendidikan maka tingkat korupsi dapat ditekan karena seseorang akan menyalurkan kemampuannya sesuai dengan skillnya. Selain itu juga tingkat mental dan penguasaan dari seorang individu . Selain itu juga upaya reformasi dan pencerahan kualitas mental dan moral manusia, sehingga diharapkan dengan adanya pencerahan ini seorang individu mempunyai pertahanan diri dan mental yang kuat untuk dapat menghindari melakukan korupsi.Kata kunci: korupsi, akibat, penanggulangan, pegawaiMany factors encourage a person of the State Civil Apparatus (ASN) individuals to commit acts of corruption, one of which is an educational background and social status. It is expected that the higher the level of education, the level of corruption can be suppressed because someone will channel their abilities according to their skills. In addition, the mental level and mastery of an individual. In addition, efforts to reform and enlighten human mental and moral qualities, so that it is expected that with this enlightenment an individual has a strong mental and self defense to be able to avoid corruption.Keywords: corruption, effects, countermeasures, employees
KEDUDUKAN DAN URGENSI HUKUMAN MATI TERHADAP PENANGGULANGAN PENGEDARAN NARKOTIKA DI INDONESIA DAN SEJUMLAH NEGARA DI DUNIA
Authors: Arifin Zainul
Published: June 2021

Kedudukan hukuman mati terhadap pengedaran narkotika di Indonesia  sebagai strategi penanggulangan terhadap pengedaran narkotika  masih menimbulkan pihak yang menyetujui dan menolaknya. Pihak yang  menolak hukuman mati dikenakan pada pengedar nakotika dengan alasan hak asasi manusia atau hak keberlanjutan hidup terpidana, sedangkan ada kelompok yang menyetujui pelaksanaan hukuman mati yang juga dengan alasan demi kepentingan hak asasi manusia. Pihak yang menyetujui hukuman untuk pengedar ini menilai, bahwa sanksi yang dikenakan berupa hukuman mati dapat membuat jera atau takut calon-calon pelaku yang bermaksud mengedarkan narkotika atau hak hidup banyak generasi muda ikut diselamatkan menjadi korban kecanduan narkotika akibat ketakutan di kalangan calon-calon penjahat. hukuman mati bagi pengedar narkotika dalam kajian hukum positip sudah diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor. 35 tahun 2009 tentang Narkotika.Kata kunci: narkotika, hukuman, akibat, kedudukan, urgensi The death penalty for narcotics distribution in Indonesia as a counter strategy against narcotics distribution still raises those who approve and reject it. Parties that reject the death penalty are imposed on narcotics distributors on the grounds of human rights or the right to a life sentence, while there are groups that approve the execution of the death sentence as well as for the sake of human rights. The party who approved the sentence for the distributor ruled that sanctions imposed on the death penalty could scare or intimidate potential perpetrators who intend to distribute narcotics or livelihoods for many young people to be rescued as victims of narcotics addiction due to fear among potential criminals. the death penalty for narcotics traffickers in a positive legal study is set out in the Law of Numbers. 35 of 2009 on Narcotics. Keywords: narcotics, punishment, consequences, position, urgency
ANALISIS HUKUM E-LITIGASI JO. PERMA NOMOR 1 TAHUN 2019 TENTANG ADMINISTRASI PERKARA DAN PERSIDANGAN DI PENGADILAN SECARA ELEKTRONIK DIHUBUNGKAN DENGAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 7 TAHUN 1989 JO. UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 3 TAHUN 2006 JO. UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 50 TAHUN 2009 TENTANG PENGADILAN AGAMA
Authors: Annisa Annisa
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk memaparkan berkenaan dengan analisi hukum e-litigasi. Persidangan dengan e-litigasi yang dasar hukumnya berupa PERMA Nomor 1 Tahun 2019 dianggap telah melampaui hukum acara yang termuat dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 1989 jo. Undang-Undang Nomor 3 Tahun 2006 jo. Undang-Undang Nomor 50 Tahun 2009 Tentang Pengadilan Agama. Pnelitian ini membahas kedudukan PERMA dalam hierarki perundang-undangan agar dapat diketahui posisi PERMA dan batasan PERMA dalam menyusun peraturannya.Kata kunci: e-litigasi, PERMA, Hukum This study aims to analyze the law of e-litigation. Trials with e-litigation, the legal basis of which is Supreme Court Regulations (PERMA) Number 1 of 2019, are considered to have exceeded the procedural law contained in Law Number 7 of 1989 jo. Law Number 3 of 2006 jo. Law Number 50 of 2009 concerning Religious Courts. This study discussed the position of PERMA in the hierarchy of legislation in order to find out the position of PERMA and the limitations of PERMA in formulating its regulations.Keywords: e-litigation, PERMA, Law
Instructing a model of inclusive Islamic education
Authors: Salim Nasser
Published: June 2021

Islamic religious education, including subjects that must be given to students who are Muslim, even though these students study at non-Islamic schools. Likewise, on the other hand, Islamic schools must also facilitate religious education in accordance with the religions of their students. Santo Paulus Catholic High School Jember, including a school that facilitates Islamic religious education for Muslim students. Uniquely, there is a religiosity subject, which includes all universal values in the official religion in Indonesia. The focus of this research is, how is the portrait and dynamics of Islamic religious education in non-Muslim schools (Catholic schools)? In this context, the authors chose a qualitative approach in data mining and processing. Interviews, document studies, observation, data research are the techniques chosen in research data collection. The research findings: 1) SMA Catholic Santo Paulus Jember has 6 Islamic religious education teachers, but they are not in accordance with the qualifications of the subjects they are teaching, 2) apart from PAI subjects, SMA Catholic Santo Paulus Jember strengthens students with religiosity lessons, namely lessons which includes universal values of all religions, 3) SMA Catholic Santo Paulus Jember is in demand by students from the six official religions in Indonesia.
Building multicultural education that tolerates religious diversity
Authors: Sulaiman Abdul
Published: June 2021

Islamic religious education, including subjects that must be given to students who are Muslim, even though these students study at non-Islamic schools. Likewise, on the other hand, Islamic schools must also facilitate religious education in accordance with the religions of their students. Santo Paulus Catholic High School Jember, including a school that facilitates Islamic religious education for Muslim students. Uniquely, there is a religiosity subject, which includes all universal values in the official religion in Indonesia. The focus of this research is, how is the portrait and dynamics of Islamic religious education in non-Muslim schools (Catholic schools)? In this context, the authors chose a qualitative approach in data mining and processing. Interviews, document studies, observation, data research are the techniques chosen in research data collection. The research findings: 1) SMA Catholic Santo Paulus Jember has 6 Islamic religious education teachers, but they are not in accordance with the qualifications of the subjects they are teaching, 2) apart from PAI subjects, SMA Catholic Santo Paulus Jember strengthens students with religiosity lessons, namely lessons which includes universal values of all religions, 3) SMA Catholic Santo Paulus Jember is in demand by students from the six official religions in Indonesia.
Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Limbah Tahu Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Kacang Hijau (Vigna radiate L.)
Authors: Sangadji Zulkarnain , Soekamto Mira Herawati , Kayaru Seljun
Published: June 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah Untuk mengetahui pengaruhÂ  dan dosis pemberian pupuk limbah cair tahu terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kacang hijau.Â  Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen dengan memggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 4 perlakuan yang terdiriÂ Â  dari s0Â  (Tanpa Perlakuan), s1 (15 mlÂ  Limbah Tahu/tanaman), s2 (30 ml Limbah Tahu /tanaman), s3 Â (45ml limbah Tahu /tanaman) dengan 3 ulangan. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis keragaman ( ANOVA ) yang di lanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) pada tingkat kepercayaannya 0,05%. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Pemberian pupuk limbah cair memberikan pengaruh yang nyata pada tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah cabang produktif, jumlah biji per polong dan jumlah polong pertanaman, tetapi pada bobot 100 biji tidak menunjukkan pengaruh yang nyata. Perlakuan Dosis 45 ml limbah cair tahu/tanaman menghasilkan rata-rata tertinggiÂ  pada umur 1,2,3 dan 4 MST pada tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah cabang produktif, jumlah biji per polong, jumlah polong per tanaman dan bobot 100 biji.
Etnobotani Masyarakat Dalam Pemanfaatan Serat Kulit Melinjo Sebagai Bahan Baku Pembuatan Noken Di Kampung Esyo Distrik Aifat Kabupaten Maybrat
Authors: Maruapey Azis , Ponisri Ponisri , Ohorella Syarif
Published: June 2021

Tas rajutan tangan rakyat Papua, Noken, telah resmi masuk dalam daftar UNESCO warisan budaya. Pengakuan UNESCO akan mendorong upaya melindungi dan mengembangkan warisan budaya Noken. Inskripsi UNESCO ini membuat kami melakukan penelitian etnobotani pembuatan Noken oleh masyarakat di Kampung Esyo Distrik Aifat Kabupaten Maybrat Provinsi Papua Barat.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui etnobotani dan pengetahuan lokal (local knouwledge) masyarakat dalam memanfaatkan serat kulit pohon Melinjo, proses dan kriteria pengambilan bahan baku serta proses pembuatan Noken oleh masyarakat di Kampung Esyo Distrik Aifat Kabupaten Maybrat. Â Metode yang digunakan penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan teknik survey dan wawancara semi struktural (semi structural interview). Data dianalisis secara deskriptif berdasarkan etnobotani pemanfaatan serat kulit pohon Melinjo dan disajikan dalam bentuk gambar.Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pemanfaatan serat kulit pohon Melinjo untuk pembuatan Noken oleh masyarakat Kampung Esyo ,,,,,â€™Distrik Aifat Kabupaten Maybrat, dengan memanfaatkan serat kulit pohon Melinjo dengan ukuran diameter antara 10 - 20 cm. Proses pengambilan serat dengan cara ditebang dan menguliti pohon tersebut. Perlakuan bahan baku melalui perendaman, penjemuran, penghalusan dan pewarnaan dengan maksud agar serat kulit kayu tidak cepat rusak dan lebih tahan lama (awet). Proses pembuatan Noken mengikuti pola sulaman dan anyaman, yang disesuaikan dengan pola dan ukuran Noken yang diinginkan. Pemberian warna Noken memakai pewarna alami dengan memanfaatkan beberapa jenis tumbuhan anggrek alam. Proses perajutan Noken dilakukan pada saat santai atau istirahat, tempat perajitan Noken bisa di rumah, pasar atau tempat pertemuan di kampung.
STUDENTS’ CHOICE OF HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTES; ANALYSIS OF FACTORS IN THE SRI LANKAN CONTEXT
Authors: B. M. P. Somaratna
Published: June 2021

Over the years national university intake in Sri
Lanka has become increasingly competitive due to the
increasing demand for higher education. Successive
governments have tried to almost annually increase the
number of national universities and the student intake
but failed to cater to this demand. Therefore, those who
fail to obtain access to state university education and
those who complete the advanced level in the British
curriculum have to seek admission to Fee Levying Higher
Education Institutes (FLHEIs) in Sri Lanka due to the
high cost of overseas education. Fee Levying Higher
Education Institutes (FLHEIs) affiliated to foreign
universities realizing the need to compete with each other
offer international degrees in order to attract students. So
the decision making process has become even more
complex for the students. Data for this study was
randomly collected from 1000 numbers of current
students of Fee Levying Higher Education Institutes
(FLHEIs) in the Western Province, Sri Lanka. A
questionnaire was administered. The questions were
categorized according to the conceptual framework
developed based on the literature review. The data was
analyzed using computer-based software packages. The
results of this study can be helpful to Sri Lankan Fee
Levying Higher Education Institutes (FLHEIs) in
optimizing student intake.
A SURVEY OF THE HOST HYPERVISOR SECURITY ISSUES PRESENTED IN PUBLIC IAAS ENVIRONMENTS AND THEIR SOLUTIONS
Authors: Cullum Paul , Cullum Paul
Published: June 2021

The use of virtualization can be attributed
to the success of cloud computing. However, usage of a
hypervisor in a shared environment among mistrusting
users presents significant challenges. This paper surveys
the works on host hypervisor security issues presented in
cloud computing, performing a short review of current
literature on the subject. Addressing several key topics,
namely threats and known attacks against the hypervisor
or a virtual machine (vm) that exist in a shared
environment.
This paper also contains a thorough review and
comparison of the current solutions and proposed
mitigations for the known attacks and identifies any
potential gaps. Aiming to uncover if a hypervisor can
provide the level of confidentiality, integrity and
availability expected by cloud consumers. Research is
critically analyzed and consideration for each solutions
suitability of implementation in an Infrastructure as a
Service (IaaS) environment is applied, including the
impact on performance, if any.
Bombyx mori Silk Fibroin Regeneration in Solution of Lanthanide Ions: A Systematic Investigation
Authors: Rizzo Giorgio , Lo Presti Marco , Giannini Cinzia , Sibillano Teresa , Milella Antonella , Guidetti Giulia , Musio Roberta , Omenetto Fiorenzo G. , Farinola Gianluca M.
Published: June 2021

Silk Fibroin (SF) obtained from Bombyx mori is a very attractive biopolymer that can be useful for many technological applications, from optoelectronics and photonics to biomedicine. It can be processed from aqueous solutions to obtain many scaffolds. SF dissolution is possible only with the mediation of chaotropic salts that disrupt the secondary structure of the protein. As a consequence, recovered materials have disordered structures. In a previous paper, it was shown that, by modifying the standard Ajisawa’s method by using a lanthanide salt, CeCl3, as the chaotropic agent, it is possible to regenerate SF as a fibrous material with a very ordered structure, similar to that of the pristine fiber, and doped with Ce+3 ions. Since SF exhibits a moderate fluorescence which can be enhanced by the incorporation of organic molecules, ions and nanoparticles, the possibility of doping it with lanthanide ions could be an appealing approach for the development of new photonic systems. Here, a systematic investigation of the behavior of degummed SF in the presence of all lanthanide ions, Ln+3, is reported. It has been found that all lanthanide chlorides are chaotropic salts for solubilizing SF. Ln+3 ions at the beginning and the end of the series (La+3, Pr+3, Er+3, Tm+3, Yb+3, Lu+3) favor the reprecipitation of fibrous SF as already found for Ce+3. In most cases, the obtained fiber preserves the morphological and structural features of the pristine SF. With the exception of SF treated with La+3, Tm+3, and Lu+3, for all the fibers re-precipitated a concentration of Ln+3 between 0.2 and 0.4% at was measured, comparable to that measured for Ce+3-doped SF.
Probing Chromatin Compaction and Its Epigenetic States in situ With Single-Molecule Localization-Based Super-Resolution Microscopy
Authors: Xu Jianquan , Liu Yang
Published: June 2021

Chromatin organization play a vital role in gene regulation and genome maintenance in normal biological processes and in response to environmental insults. Disruption of chromatin organization imposes a significant effect on many cellular processes and is often associated with a range of pathological processes such as aging and cancer. Extensive attention has been attracted to understand the structural and functional studies of chromatin architecture. Biochemical assays coupled with the state-of-the-art genomic technologies have been traditionally used to probe chromatin architecture. Recent advances in single molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) open up new opportunities to directly visualize higher-order chromatin architecture, its compaction status and its functional states at nanometer resolution in the intact cells or tissue. In this review, we will first discuss the recent technical advantages and challenges of using SMLM to image chromatin architecture. Next, we will focus on the recent applications of SMLM for structural and functional studies to probe chromatin architecture in key cellular processes. Finally, we will provide our perspectives on the recent development and potential applications of super-resolution imaging of chromatin architecture in improving our understanding in diseases.
Spatiotemporal Insights Into RNA–Organelle Interactions in Neurons
Authors: Kharod Shivani C. , Hwang Dong-Woo , Das Sulagna , Yoon Young J.
Published: June 2021

Neurons exhibit spatial compartmentalization of gene expression where localization of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) to distal processes allows for site-specific distribution of proteins through local translation. Recently, there have been reports of coordination between mRNA transport with vesicular and organellar trafficking. In this review, we will highlight the latest literature on axonal and dendritic local protein synthesis with links to mRNA–organelle cotransport followed by emerging technologies necessary to study these phenomena. Recent high-resolution imaging studies have led to insights into the dynamics of RNA–organelle interactions, and we can now peer into these intricate interactions within subcellular compartments of neurons.
MCM4 Is a Novel Biomarker Associated With Genomic Instability, BRCAness Phenotype, and Therapeutic Potentials in Soft-Tissue Sarcoma
Authors: Liu Qi , Bao Qiyuan , Xu Yiqi , Fu Yucheng , Jin Zhijian , Wang Jun , Zhang Weibin , Shen Yuhui
Published: June 2021

Soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) is represented by a heterogeneous group of rare malignancies with various molecular oncogenesis. Therapies targeting DNA repair pathways in STS have achieved minimal progress, potentially due to the lack of molecular biomarker(s) beyond the histology subtype. In this report, we comprehensively analyzed the expression profiles of 100 liposarcomas (LPSs), the most common STS subtype, in comparison with 21 adipose tissues from multiple GEO datasets to identify the potential prognostic and therapeutic biomarker for LPS. Furthermore, we investigated TCGA database, our archived tumor samples, and patient-derived tumor cell cultures (PTCCs) as a validation. We identified a total of 69 common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among public datasets, with mini-chromosome maintenance protein 4 (MCM4) identified as a novel biomarker correlated with patients’ clinical staging and survival outcome. MCM4-high expression LPS was characterized by MCM4 copy number increase, genomic instability, and BRCAness phenotype compared with the MCM4-low expression counterpart. In contrast, the mutational and the immune landscape were minimally different between the two groups. Interestingly, the association of MCM4-high expression with genomic instability and BRCAness were not only validated in LPS samples from our institution (n = 66) but also could be expanded to the pan-sarcoma cohort from TCGA database (n = 263). Surprisingly, based on four sarcoma cell lines and eight PTCCs (three LPS and five other sarcoma), we demonstrated that MCM4 overexpression tumors were therapeutically sensitive to PARP inhibitor (PARPi) and platinum chemotherapy, independent of the histology subtypes. Our study, for the first time, suggested that MCM4 might be a novel prognostic biomarker, associated with dysregulated DNA repair pathways and potential therapeutic vulnerability in STS.
Candida albicans SET3 Plays a Role in Early Biofilm Formation, Interaction With Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Virulence in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Fourie Ruan , Albertyn Jacobus , Sebolai Olihile , Gcilitshana Onele , Pohl Carolina H.
Published: June 2021

The yeast Candida albicans exhibits multiple morphologies dependent on environmental cues. Candida albicans biofilms are frequently polymicrobial, enabling interspecies interaction through proximity and contact. The interaction between C. albicans and the bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, is antagonistic in vitro, with P. aeruginosa repressing the yeast-to-hyphal switch in C. albicans. Previous transcriptional analysis of C. albicans in polymicrobial biofilms with P. aeruginosa revealed upregulation of genes involved in regulation of morphology and biofilm formation, including SET3, a component of the Set3/Hos2 histone deacetylase complex (Set3C). This prompted the question regarding the involvement of SET3 in the interaction between C. albicans and P. aeruginosa, both in vitro and in vivo. We found that SET3 may influence early biofilm formation by C. albicans and the interaction between C. albicans and P. aeruginosa. In addition, although deletion of SET3 did not alter the morphology of C. albicans in the presence of P. aeruginosa, it did cause a reduction in virulence in a Caenorhabditis elegans infection model, even in the presence of P. aeruginosa.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation With Mechanical Chest Compression Device During Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. A Case Report
Authors: Ujvárosy Dóra , Sebestyén Veronika , Ötvös Tamás , Ratku Balázs , Lorincz István , Szuk Tibor , Csanádi Zoltán , Berényi Ervin , Szabó Zoltán
Published: June 2021

Sudden cardiac death is a leading cause of death worldwide, whereby myocardial infarction is considered the most frequent underlying condition. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is an important component of post-resuscitation care, while uninterrupted high-quality chest compressions are key determinants in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). In our paper, we evaluate a case of a female patient who suffered aborted cardiac arrest due to myocardial infarction. The ambulance crew providing prehospital care for sudden cardiac arrest used a mechanical chest compression device during advanced CPR, which enabled them to deliver ongoing resuscitation during transfer to the PCI laboratory located 20 km away from the scene. Mechanical chest compressions were continued during the primary coronary intervention. The resuscitation, carried out for 2 h and 35 min, and the coronary intervention were successful, as evidenced by the return of spontaneous circulation and by the fact that, after a short rehabilitation, the patient was discharged home with a favorable neurological outcome. Our case can serve as an example for the effective and safe use of a mechanical compression device during primary coronary intervention.
A Real-Time Portable IoT System for Telework Tracking
Authors: Zhang Yongxin , Chen Zheng , Tian Haoyu , Kido Koshiro , Ono Naoaki , Chen Wei , Tamura Toshiyo , Altaf-Ul-Amin M. D. , Kanaya Shigehiko , Huang Ming
Published: June 2021

Telework has become a universal working style under the background of COVID-19. With the increased time of working at home, problems, such as lack of physical activities and prolonged sedentary behavior become more prominent. In this situation, a self-managing working pattern regulation may be the most practical way to maintain worker's well-being. To this end, this paper validated the idea of using an Internet of Things (IoT) system (a smartphone and the accompanying smartwatch) to monitor the working status in real-time so as to record the working pattern and nudge the user to have a behavior change. By using the accelerometer and gyroscope enclosed in the smartwatch worn on the right wrist, nine-channel data streams of the two sensors were sent to the paired smartphone for data preprocessing, and action recognition in real time. By considering the cooperativity and orthogonality of the data streams, a shallow convolutional neural network (CNN) model was constructed to recognize the working status from a common working routine. As preliminary research, the results of the CNN model show accurate performance [5-fold cross-validation: 0.97 recall and 0.98 precision; leave-one-out validation: 0.95 recall and 0.94 precision; (support vector machine (SVM): 0.89 recall and 0.90 precision; random forest: 0.95 recall and 0.93 precision)] for the recognition of working status, suggesting the feasibility of this fully online method. Although further validation in a more realistic working scenario should be conducted for this method, this proof-of-concept study clarifies the prospect of a user-friendly online working tracking system. With a tailored working pattern guidance, this method is expected to contribute to the workers' wellness not only during the COVID-19 pandemic but also take effect in the post-COVID-19 era.
Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors Ameliorate Liver Enzyme Abnormalities in Korean Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Euh Won , Lim Soo , Kim Jin-Wook
Published: June 2021

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) are reported to reduce body fat in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and SGLT2i-induced weight reduction may help improve comorbid nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study aimed to investigate the potential benefit of SGLT2is over other oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) in patients with T2DM-associated NAFLD. We enrolled real-world Korean patients with T2DM-associated NAFLD in whom initial metformin therapy had been modified by stepwise addition of OAD(s) due to insufficient glucose control. Propensity score (PS) matching was used for the comparison of changes in clinical and biochemical parameters to balance potential covariates. Among the 765 enrolled patients, 663 patients received additional OADs other than SGLT2i and 102 patients received SGLT2i therapy. PS matching selected 150 and 100 patients from the control and the SGLT2i group, respectively. The SGLT2i group lost more weight than the control group at 6 months (mean –1.3 kg vs. 0.0 kg; P < 0.001). Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels also decreased more in the SGLT2i group at 3 (–11 U/L vs. –1 U/L), 6 (–12 U/L vs. –1 U/L), and 12 months (–14 U/L vs. –2 U/L) (all P < 0.05). Addition of SGLT2is was an independent predictor of ALT improvement in a multivariate logistic regression model (odds ratio 1.91; P = 0.016). Compared with other OADs, addition of SGLT2is was more effective in weight reduction and ALT improvement in patients with T2DM and comorbid NAFLD.
Predictive Performance of Serum β-hCG MoM Levels for Preeclampsia Screening: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Huangfu Zhao , Shi Fangxin , Xiao Zhen
Published: June 2021

Objective

The aim of the present study was to investigate the predictive value of using the multiple of the median (MoM) of β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) levels in patients with preeclampsia (PE) and healthy pregnant women.

Methods

Electronic databases including PubMed, EBSCO, Ovid, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), SinoMed, Wangfang and the Weipu Journal were searched up to May 31, 2020. Two reviewers independently selected the articles and extracted data on study characteristics, quality and results. A random-effects model was employed, and standardized mean difference and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Twenty-one case-control studies were analyzed in the present meta-analysis, including a total of 2,266 cases and 25,872 healthy controls.

Results

Women who were diagnosed with PE were found to have higher early second-trimester levels of serum β-hCG MoM compared with healthy controls, although the levels in the first trimester were not significantly different. Ethnicity subgroup analysis demonstrated that the MoM of β-hCG serum levels was significantly higher in PE patients in both Asian and Caucasian populations during the early second trimester.

Conclusion

The MoM of β-hCG serum levels was found to be a valuable clinical indicator for predicting PE in the early second trimester, but had little predictive value in the first trimester. However, further assessment of the predictive capacity of β-hCG within larger, diverse populations is required.
Genetics, Diagnosis, and Management of Hürthle Cell Thyroid Neoplasms
Authors: McFadden David G. , Sadow Peter M.
Published: June 2021

Hürthle cell lesions have been a diagnostic conundrum in pathology since they were first recognized over a century ago. Controversy as to the name of the cell, the origin of the cell, and even which cells in particular may be designated as such still challenge pathologists and confound those treating patients with a diagnosis of “Hürthle cell” anything within the diagnosis, especially if that anything is a sizable mass lesion. The diagnosis of Hürthle cell adenoma (HCA) or Hürthle cell carcinoma (HCC) has typically relied on a judgement call by pathologists as to the presence or absence of capsular and/or vascular invasion of the adjacent thyroid parenchyma, easy to note in widely invasive disease and a somewhat subjective diagnosis for minimally invasive or borderline invasive disease. Diagnostic specificity, which has incorporated a sharp increase in molecular genetic studies of thyroid tumor subtypes and the integration of molecular testing into preoperative management protocols, continues to be challenged by Hürthle cell neoplasia. Here, we provide the improving yet still murky state of what is known about Hürthle cell tumor genetics, clinical management, and based upon what we are learning about the genetics of other thyroid tumors, how to manage expectations, by pathologists, clinicians, and patients, for more actionable, precise classifications of Hürthle cell tumors of the thyroid.
Asymmetric Phenotypes of Sterile Hybrid Males From Reciprocal Crosses Between Species of the Anopheles gambiae Complex
Authors: Liang Jiangtao , Hodge James M. , Sharakhov Igor V.
Published: June 2021

Haldane’s rule of speciation states that sterility or inviability affects the heterogametic sex of inter-species hybrids. Darwin’s corollary to Haldane’s rule implies that there are asymmetric phenotypes in inter-species hybrids from reciprocal crosses. Studying the phenotypes of F1 hybrids among closely related species of malaria mosquitoes can assist researchers in identifying the genetic factors and molecular mechanisms of speciation. To characterize phenotypes of sterile hybrid males in the Anopheles gambiae complex, we performed crosses between laboratory strains of An. merus and either An. gambiae or An. coluzzii. The reproductive tracts had normal external morphology in hybrid males from crosses between female An. merus and male An. gambiae or An. coluzzii. Despite being sterile, these males could copulate with females for a normal period of time and could transfer a mating plug to induce female oviposition and monogamy. In contrast, the entire reproductive tracts in hybrid males from crosses between female An. gambiae or An. coluzzii and male An. merus were severely underdeveloped. These males had atrophic testes and reduced somatic organs of the reproductive system including male accessary glands and ejaculatory duct. In addition, hybrid males with underdeveloped reproductive tracts displayed a shorter copulation time with females and failed to induce female oviposition and monogamy due to their inability to form and transfer a plug to females during mating. The asymmetry of the phenotypes associated with hybrid male sterility suggests that different genetic factors and molecular mechanisms are responsible for reproductive isolation in reciprocal crosses among species of the An. gambiae complex.
Exploring Experiences Responding to the Individual Level Abortion Stigma Scale: Methodological Considerations From In-depth Interviews
Authors: Wollum Alexandra , Makleff Shelly , Baum Sarah E.
Published: June 2021

Background: The Individual-Level Abortion Stigma (ILAS) scale is a tool to measure multiple dimensions of stigma among people who have abortions. Despite use of the scale globally, little is known about participant experiences completing the scale. We assessed reactions to and experiences with the scale among women who obtained abortions in Mexico, exploring how the items made them feel about themselves and their abortion.

Methods: We conducted 10 in-depth interviews with women approximately 6 months after their abortion. We explored experiences answering the ILAS overall as well as each sub-scale (self-judgement; worries about judgement; isolation; community condemnation). We used thematic analysis to examine overall experiences with the ILAS and framework analysis to summarize responses by sub-scale.

Results: Many respondents reported positive experiences responding to the scale or said it served a therapeutic purpose. Other participants said the scale caused strong or mixed emotions or generated doubts. Women generally described mixed and negative reactions to the “worries about judgement” and “community condemnation” sub-scales, and more neutral or positive reactions to the “isolation” and “self judgement” sub-scales. Nearly all respondents hypothesized that completing the ILAS at the time of their abortion would be more difficult than responding months after their abortion.

Conclusions: People can experience both positive and negative effects when responding to abortion stigma scales. Use of the scales may cause discomfort and introduce concepts that further perpetuate stigma. This study highlights the importance of carefully considering when it is appropriate to implement the scale and exploring safeguards for participants.
Highly Sensitive Flow Cytometry Allows Monitoring of Changes in Circulating Immune Cells in Blood After Tdap Booster Vaccination
Authors: Diks Annieck M. , Khatri Indu , Oosten Liesbeth E.M. , de Mooij Bas , Groenland Rick J. , Teodosio Cristina , Perez-Andres Martin , Orfao Alberto , Berbers Guy A. M. , Zwaginga Jaap Jan , van Dongen Jacques J. M. , Berkowska Magdalena A.
Published: June 2021

Antigen-specific serum immunoglobulin (Ag-specific Ig) levels are broadly used as correlates of protection. However, in several disease and vaccination models these fail to predict immunity. In these models, in-depth knowledge of cellular processes associated with protective versus poor responses may bring added value. We applied high-throughput multicolor flow cytometry to track over-time changes in circulating immune cells in 10 individuals following pertussis booster vaccination (Tdap, Boostrix®, GlaxoSmithKline). Next, we applied correlation network analysis to extensively investigate how changes in individual cell populations correlate with each other and with Ag-specific Ig levels. We further determined the most informative cell subsets and analysis time points for future studies. Expansion and maturation of total IgG1 plasma cells, which peaked at day 7 post-vaccination, was the most prominent cellular change. Although these cells preceded the increase in Ag-specific serum Ig levels, they did not correlate with the increase of Ig levels. In contrast, strong correlation was observed between Ag-specific IgGs and maximum expansion of total IgG1 and IgA1 memory B cells at days 7 to 28. Changes in circulating T cells were limited, implying the need for a more sensitive approach. Early changes in innate immune cells, i.e. expansion of neutrophils, and expansion and maturation of monocytes up to day 5, most likely reflected their responses to local damage and adjuvant. Here we show that simultaneous monitoring of multiple circulating immune subsets in blood by flow cytometry is feasible. B cells seem to be the best candidates for vaccine monitoring.
OVX836 Heptameric Nucleoprotein Vaccine Generates Lung Tissue-Resident Memory CD8+ T-Cells for Cross-Protection Against Influenza
Authors: Del Campo Judith , Bouley Julien , Chevandier Marion , Rousset Carine , Haller Marjorie , Indalecio Alice , Guyon-Gellin Delphine , Le Vert Alexandre , Hill Fergal , Djebali Sophia , Leverrier Yann , Marvel Jacqueline , Combadière Béhazine , Nicolas Florence
Published: June 2021

Tissue-resident memory (TRM) CD8+ T-cells play a crucial role in the protection against influenza infection but remain difficult to elicit using recombinant protein vaccines. OVX836 is a recombinant protein vaccine, obtained by the fusion of the DNA sequence of the influenza A nucleoprotein (NP) to the DNA sequence of the OVX313 heptamerization domain. We previously demonstrated that OVX836 provides broad-spectrum protection against influenza viruses. Here, we show that OVX836 intramuscular (IM) immunization induces higher numbers of NP-specific IFNγ-producing CD8+ T-cells in the lung, compared to mutant NP (NPm) and wild-type NP (NPwt), which form monomeric and trimeric structures, respectively. OVX836 induces cytotoxic CD8+ T-cells and high frequencies of lung TRM CD8+ T-cells, while inducing solid protection against lethal influenza virus challenges for at least 90 days. Adoptive transfer experiments demonstrated that protection against diverse influenza subtypes is mediated by NP-specific CD8+ T-cells isolated from the lung and spleen following OVX836 vaccination. OVX836 induces a high number of NP-specific lung CD8+ TRM-cells for long-term protection against influenza viruses.
High Mobility Group Box 1 Contributes to the Acute Rejection of Liver Allografts by Activating Dendritic Cells
Authors: Chen Yi , Zhang Wenmin , Bao Hui , He Wubing , Chen Lihong
Published: June 2021

Acute rejection induced by the recognition of donor alloantigens by recipient T cells leads to graft failure in liver transplant recipients. The role of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), an inflammatory mediator, in the acute allograft rejection of liver transplants is unknown. Here, rat orthotopic liver transplantation was successfully established to analyze the expression pattern of HMGB1 in liver allografts and its potential role in promoting the maturation of dendritic cells (DCs) to promote T cell proliferation and differentiation. Five and 10 days after transplantation, allografts showed a marked upregulation of HMGB1 expression accompanied by elevated levels of serum transaminase and CD3+ and CD86+ inflammatory cell infiltration. Furthermore, in vitro experiments showed HMGB1 increased the expressions of co-stimulatory molecules (CD80, CD83, and MHC class II) on bone marrow-derived DCs. HMGB1-pulsed DCs induced naive CD4+ T cells to differentiate to Th1 and Th17 subsets secreting IFN-γ and IL-17, respectively. Further in vivo experiments confirmed the administration of glycyrrhizic acid, a natural HMGB1 inhibitor, during donor liver preservation had therapeutic effects by reducing inflammation and hepatocyte damage reflected by a decline in serum transaminase and prolonged allograft survival time. These results suggest the involvement of HMBG1 in acute liver allograft rejection and that it might be a candidate therapeutic target to avoid acute rejection after liver transplantation.
T Follicular Regulatory Cells: Choreographers of Productive Germinal Center Responses
Authors: Lu Yisi , Craft Joe
Published: June 2021

T follicular regulatory cells, or Tfr cells, are a discernable population of regulatory T (Treg) cells that migrate to the B cell follicle and germinal center (GC) upon immune challenge. These cells express the transcription factor Bcl6, the master regulator required for development and differentiation of T follicular helper cells, and are among a group of previously described Treg cells that use T helper cell–associated transcription factors to adapt their regulatory function to diverse milieus for maintenance of immune homeostasis. While there is consensus that Tfr cells control B-cell autoreactivity, it has been unclear whether they regulate productive, antigen-specific GC responses. Accordingly, understanding the regulatory balancing that Tfr cells play in maintenance of B-cell tolerance while optimizing productive humoral immunity is crucial for vaccine-design strategies. To this end, we discuss recent evidence that Tfr cells promote humoral immunity and memory following viral infections, fitting with the accepted role of Treg cells in maintaining homeostasis with promotion of productive immunity, while mitigating that which is potentially pathological. We also propose models in which Tfr cells regulate antigen-specific B cell responses.
A Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Patient With High Tumor Mutational Burden and RB1 Mutation Achieved Bladder Preservation Following Chemotherapy Combined With Immunotherapy: A Case Report
Authors: Cao Chuanzhen , Fu Zhichao , Liu Yueping , Zhou Aiping , Wang Jianfei , Shou Jianzhong
Published: June 2021

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical cystectomy is the standard of care for patients diagnosed with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). However, urinary diversion following radical cystectomy significantly reduces patient quality of life. In addition, patients who significantly respond to neoadjuvant chemotherapy have a strong will to preserve the bladder. Bladder-sparing therapy has become a research focus worldwide. Although the bladder-sparing regimen, referred to as trimodality therapy (TMT), has been accepted, the efficacy of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy for bladder preservation in patients with MIBC has not yet been published. We describe the case of a 50-year-old male presented intermittent macrohematuria and was diagnosed with bladder urothelial carcinoma by diagnostic transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBt) with clinical stage IIIA (cT3bN0M0). A complete response was achieved after four courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with pembrolizumab. Then, we performed a second TURBt plus randomized biopsy by cystoscopy. The pathology indicated no tumor in the bladder. Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy and immunotherapy were subsequently performed. Imaging examinations, cystoscopy and urine tumor DNA (utDNA) levels were used for surveillance after treatment. Finally, the patient achieved bladder preservation and had remained cancer-free for 19 months at the last follow-up on February 20, 2021. This is the first published case study to describe neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus pembrolizumab followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy as a novel bladder-sparing regimen and successfully achieved a promising outcome.