bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seaweed-based films for sustainable food packaging: properties, incorporation of essential oils, applications, and future directions
Authors: Waseem Muhammad , Khan Muhammad Usman , Majeed Yaqoob , Ntsefong Godswill Ntsomboh , Kirichenko Inna , Klopova Anna , Trushov Pavel , Lodygin Aleksei
Published: November 2023

Seaweed-based films have emerged as a promising solution for sustainable food packaging due to their renewable sourcing, biodegradability, and functional properties. This review provides an in-depth analysis of seaweed-based films, focusing on their properties, incorporation of essential oils, applications in food packaging, and future directions. The advantages of seaweed-based films include their renewable and abundant source, biodegradability, and favorable barrier properties. The review explores the physical and mechanical properties, barrier properties, and safety considerations of seaweed-based films. Additionally, it discusses the incorporation of essential oils into seaweed-based films and their potential benefits. Current and potential applications of seaweed-based films in food packaging, ranging from fresh produce to dairy products, are examined, along with the advantages and challenges associated with their use. A comparison with other sustainable packaging options is provided. Furthermore, the review highlights future research directions in developing seaweed-based films, such as improving mechanical properties, extending shelf life, scaling up production, reducing costs, and innovation in formulation. Overall, seaweed-based films offer a promising and sustainable alternative for food packaging, with ongoing research and development driving their advancement and potential for a more environmentally friendly packaging industry.
Kreativitas Menggunakan Multimedia Interaktif dalam Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Pendidikan Agama Kristen
Authors: Kainara Semi Darius , Widiono Gidion , Zai Leo Swastani , Marampa Elieser R.
Published: November 2023

This study aims to analyze and describe the creativity of Christian Education teachers using interactive multimedia to increase students' interest in learning. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a literature method. Information collection begins with identifying or understanding information related to the discussion to be sought, finding and selecting data, using keywords to facilitate searching, evaluating data sources, and presenting in written form. A creative Christian Education teacher is how a teacher creates various ideas to produce new methods to be applied in interactive multimedia in the classroom. Using interactive multimedia as a learning medium can stimulate focus, concentration, feelings, and desire to learn to motivate a more interactive and communicative learning process. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan kreativitas guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen menggunakan multimedia interaktif dalam meningkatkan minat belajar peserta didik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode kepustakaan. Pengumpulan informasi dimulai dengan mengidentifikasi atau memahami informasi terkait pembahasan yang akan dicari, menemukan dan menyeleksi data, menggunakan kata kunci untuk memudahkan pencarian, mengevaluasi sumber data, dan terakhir menyajikan dalam bentuk tulisan. Guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen   yang kreatif adalah proses bagaimana seorang guru mengkreasikan berbagai macam ide sehingga menghasilkan metode yang baru untuk diterapkan dalam multimedia interaktif di kelas. Dengan menggunakan multimedia interaktif sebagai media pembelajaran, dapat merangsang fokus dan konsentrasi, perasaan, dan keinginan belajar peserta didik sehingga memotivasi terjadinya proses belajar yang lebih interaktif dan komunikatif.
Patron Keteladanan Kristus dalam Pendidikan bagi Guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen
Authors: Haninuna Benyamin , Lumintang Marcellius , Piong Defly Farly , Wariki Valentino
Published: November 2023

Pendidikan kristiani merupakan salah satu bagian yang penting dalam bidang pendidikan. Pendidik Kristiani mempunyai tugas dan tanggung jawab yang begitu berat sebagai seorang manusia yang penuh keterbatasan. Pendidik Kristiani bertugas untuk mengajar, menyampaikan materi pembelajaran agar peserta didik memiliki pemahaman dan pengetahuan yang baik sesuai nilai-nilai kebenaran yang Kristus teladankan. Pendidik Kristiani yang berhasil adalah pendidik yang menggunakan dan mengikuti setiap pola dan metode pendidikan yang Yesus Kristus gunakan.Tujuan penulisan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguraikan kajian teologis dari keteladanan Kristus sebagai guru yang agung yang menjadi fondasi dari pendidikan agama Kristen. Penelitian ini juga akan membahas keberadaan Kristus yang adalah seorang guru yang agung dan menjadi standar ideal bagi para pendidik Kristiani. Adapun metode yang digunakan adalah studi pustaka, di mana melalui metode ini akan diurai secara sistematis pokok-pokok gagasan dari Alkitab yang mendefinisikan dan mendeskripsikan nilai-nilai keteladanan Kristus. Keteladanan Kristus tersebut yang kemudian direlevansikan di konteks guru PAK. Berdasarkan itu maka didapat simpulan bahwa Kristus tidak hanya cakap dalam mengajar secara verbal, melainkan Ia juga menunjukkan tanggung jawab Dia dalam menjalankan apa yang Ia ajarkan selama tugasnya di dunia. Kristus selalu konsisten antara apa yang diajarkan dengan apa yang Ia lakukan
Implementation of Grid Mapping Method for Firefighting Legged Robot
Authors: Susianti Elva , Anaky Panji Akbar , Wijaya Yusmar Palapa , Maria Putu Son
Published: November 2023

The firefighting robot contest is an event to encourage high education students to explore electronics and robotic skill. The difficulty level of the contest increases from year to year though the arena layout is relatively similar. The field of arena consists of maze, detachable doors and distractorswhich requires smart idea to enable the robot to be well-performed. The combination of home position and random fire spot at each round of the game make each team have to find the most effective method to win the match. This paper presents an implementation the grid map method on the Azmi four legged robot using ultrasonic PING sensor, GPYA021 infrared sensor and GY-955 gyroscope. An ultrasonic sensor is attached on each of four sides of the robot. The data from each sensor will be interpreted as the distance of the front, right, left and back of the robot relative to the wall. Interpretation depends on the robot's current position. Virtual mapping technique was used by assuming that the arena consists of grids which have uniform size. Each grid was given a consecutive index numbering i.e a symbolic number which in practice be manifested in terms of distance unit. The results showed that the grid map method in this study worked well, tested on four randomized configurations, the robot successfully carried out the search task and returned to the home position with an acceptable execution time.
Evaluation of the relationship between trochlear and patellar morphology and patellar chondromalacia with magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: DEMIR M , ŞAHAN M.H.
Published: November 2023

It was aimed to investigate the relationship between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements of trochlear and patellar morphology and grade 3-4 patellar chondromalacia. Grade 3-4 patellar chondromalacia group, and an age- and sex-matched control group with normal patellar joint cartilage were comprised. For trochlear morphology evaluation in MRI; sulcus angle, trochlear angle, lateral trochlear inclination angle and medial trochlear inclination angle were measured. For patellar morphology evaluation; patella trochlear ratio, insall-salvati ratio, modified Insall- Salvati ratio and Blackburne-Peel ratio were measured. Obtained measurements were statistically analyzed according to demographic characteristics. One hundred and twenty-five patients with chondromalacia and 125 controls participated. The sulcus angle and the trochlear angle were significantly higher in the patellar chondromalacia group (p<0.05). The lateral trochlear inclination angle was significantly less in the patellar chondromalacia group (p=0.011). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of medial trochlear inclination angle (p=0.520). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of patella-trochlear ratio (p=0.617). Insall-Salvati ratio was significantly higher in the patellar chondromalacia group (p=0.003). Modified Insall-Salvati ratio was significantly lower in the patellar chondromalacia group (p=0.001). The rate of Blackburne-Peel was significantly higher in the patellar chondromalacia group (p=0.004). Measurements of sulcus angle, trochlear angle, lateral trochlear inclination angle, Insall-Salvati ratio, modified Insall-Salvati ratio, Blackburne-Peel ratio have diagnostic value for grade 3-4 chondromalacia.
Rectangular tapered short stem excellently preserves proximal bone mineral density preservation than tapered wedge short stem
Authors: ANJIKI K , HAYASHI S , FUJISHIRO T , HIRANAKA T , KURODA R , MATSUMOTO T
Published: November 2023

Fitmore stem is a rectangular, tapered, short, cementless stem. A characteristic feature of this stem is that it provides rotational stability due to the high medullary occupancy achieved by its rectangular cross-section and thick antero- posterior width. We aimed to investigate the differences in periprosthetic bone remodelling between a rectangular- tapered short stem and a short tapered-wedge stem. Eighty patients who underwent primary total hip arthroplasty using a rectangular-tapered short stem (Fitmore) or a short tapered-wedge stem (Tri-Lock BPS) were enrolled in this study. Bone mineral densities (BMDs) in the seven Gruen zones were evaluated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at baseline, and at 6 and 24 months postoperatively. Peri-prosthetic BMD and clinical factors were assessed and compared. In addition, correlations between periprosthetic BMD changes and stem anteversion error were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient in the two groups. A significantly better postoperative periprosthetic BMD change was found in zones 1 and 7 in the rectangular-tapered group. Additionally, no significant correlation was observed between stem anteversion error and periprosthetic BMD changes in the rectangular-tapered groups. However, in the tapered-wedge group, there were significant negative correlations between the stem anteversion error and BMD changes at 6 months and 24 months in zones 1 and 7. In the rectangular-tapered group, a significantly better postoperative periprosthetic BMD change was found particularly in the region proximal to the stem. Rectangular-tapered short stem can be more resistant to rotation due to higher medullary occupancy and may lead to better periprosthetic BMD than the tapered-wedge short stem, especially in the proximal region of the stem.
In Silico Drug Repurposing As Inhibitors Against GSK-3β
Authors: DENİZ Elif , KARAKUŞ Fuat , KUZU Burak
Published: November 2023

Tau, a protein associated with microtubules, is widely distributed throughout the central nervous system and promotes the polymerization, assembly, and stability of microtubules. Hyperphosphorylation of tau proteins leads to intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, which are the pathological hallmark of numerous neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Alzheimer's disease) and are collectively referred to as "tauopathies". The most notable kinase identified in tau phosphorylation is glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3). Among the GSK-3 isoforms, GSK-3β has been linked to the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases. Pharmacological inhibition of GSK-3β has been suggested as a potential therapeutic target for these diseases. In this study, the literature and databases (e.g., HIT 2.0, PubChem, and ChEMBL) were searched for potential inhibitory drugs against GSK-3β and found 58 drugs. The drugs were filtered according to physicochemical-pharmacological properties and toxicity profiles via SwissADME, pkCSM, and ProTox-II, free web tools. After pre-filtration, molecular docking was performed against GSK-3β (PDB ID: 5K5N) with the remaining seven drugs (Nabumeton, Loxoprofen, Ketoprofen, Oxytetracycline, Benzoyl Peroxide, Naproxen, and Epinephrine Hydrochloride). According to the results, nabumetone had the best binding energy (-7.39 kcal/mol) and inhibition ability at the lowest concentration (3.8 µM) against GSK-3β among the seven drugs [compared to PF-04802367 (PDB ID: 6QH), a highly selective brain-penetrant kinase inhibitor]. Nabumetone is an NSAID used to treat some arthritis, postoperative pains, and dysmenorrhea. Our results suggest that nabumetone may be a potential inhibitor of GSK-3β.
MOTIVASI MAHASISWA SEKOLAH TINGGI TEOLOGI STAR’S LUB DALAM MEMILIH PROGRAM STUDI TEOLOGI
Authors: Sitoki Rike Elmia
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui motivasi mahasiswa prodi teologi memilih prodi teologi. Hasil penelitian akan bermanfaat bagi lembaga penyelenggara program studi teologi dalam merancang strategi rekrutmen mahasiswa baru dan mengembangkan daya tarik program studi. Subyek penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa prodi teologi di Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Star’s Lub Luwuk Banggai, di Sulawesi Tengah. Metode yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif. Data diambil dengan teknik angket dan diukur dengan skala Likert kemudian dianalisa menggunakan aplikasi SPSS. Jumlah responden yang  berpartisipasi sebanyak 50 mahasiswa pada tahun akademik 2022-2023. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa motivasi utama responden adalah mewujudkan cita-cita menjadi pendeta. Keputusan diambil secara personal, bukan keputusan orang tua, dan bukan pengaruh teman. Responden juga telah memahami bahwa karir di masa depan tidaklah memberikan jaminan materi. Responden tidak memilih prodi teologi karena keterbatasan pilihan dan juga bukan karena biaya yang lebih murah. Dari temuan ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa motivasi responden memilih prodi teologi sangat kuat dan bersifat sangat personal dengan kesediaan untuk melayani.
Early-Life Population Parameters and Hatch-Date Analysis of Sharpsnout Seabream (Diplodus puntazzo Walbaum, 1792) Juveniles in the Sea of Marmara, Türkiye
Authors: DABAN İsmail Burak , ŞEN Yusuf , ÖZTEKİN Alkan , AYAZ Adnan , ALTINAĞAÇ Uğur , İŞMEN Ali , YÜKSEK Ahsen , ÖZEKİNCİ Uğur , ÇAKIR Fikret , DEMİRKIRAN Tekin , UĞUR Gençtan Erman , AYAZ Oğuzhan , SELÇUK Buminhan Burkay
Published: November 2023

This research aims to determine early-life population parameters and hatch date of sharpsnout seabream (Diplodus puntazzo Walbaum, 1792) juveniles using microstructure analyses of sagittal otoliths collected from the Sea of Marmara, Türkiye. Specimens were collected using an experimental beach seine at 12 stations from November 2021 to March 2022. The mean catch per unit effort (CPUE) was 1.1 individuals per haul, with 44.4% of the total D. puntazzo specimens collected at the Erdek Station. A negative allometric growth was calculated from the length-weight relationship equation (W=0.0178L2.698). The daily age ranged between 39 days-1 and 141 days-1, with a mean of 78.9 ± 2.29 days-1. The daily growth rate and mortality ratio were calculated as 0.213 mm/day and 4.38%, respectively. The hatching mainly occurred in September and October.
Severe combined immunodeficiency with a homozygous c.464T>C (p.Leu155Pro) mutation in the RAG2 gene in a country without neonatal screening: Report of two clinical cases
Authors: Zurisadai Raquel García Osorno  , Augusto Ignacio Siegert Olivares  , Paola Alejandra Cisneros Conklin  , Ibeth Judith Reyes Montante  , María Andrea Murillo Gallo
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is a disorder belonging to the broad spectrum of inborn errors of immunity (IEI), characterized by a predisposition to develop recurrent, severe, difficult-to-treat opportunistic infections. This disorder is associated with abnormalities in genes of the adaptive immune system and should be suspected in patients with infections during the first months of life, mainly due to fungal pathogens and intracellular agents. Case Presentation: Two cases of SCID diagnosed at the General Hospital with Specialties "Juan María de Salvatierra” in Baja California Sur (BCS), México in 2022 are described. The first patient presented persistent candidiasis stomatitis with no response to oral treatment. The second patient presented mycotic dermatitis and oropharyngeal candidiasis compatible with Candida albicans and multiple episodes of multi-treated airway infection with partial remission. The diagnosis was completed with a genetic panel that showed a mutation in RAG2 homozygous variant c.464T>C (p.Leu155Pro) in both patients. Conclusions: SCID should be considered in patients with recurrent and difficult-to-treat infectious diseases in the first months of life. For its timely detection, implementing neonatal screening quantifying of T-cell receptor excision circles (TRECs) is recommended. This method is not available in Mexico, so it has been relevant to have physicians trained in the timely clinical identification of the disease. Thanks to the prompt referral of both patients to our hospital, we could treat the comorbidities associated with SCID, provide a specific molecular diagnosis, and transfer the patients to a hospital specialized in bone marrow transplantation for definitive treatment.
O Registo do Movimento no Sistema Benesh
Authors: Soares Manuela
Published: November 2023

O Registo do Movimento no Sistema Benesh
Modelo de Notação Descritiva, Terminológica e Gráfica em Dança
Authors: Batalha Ana Paula
Published: November 2023

Modelo de Notação Descritiva, Terminológica e Gráfica em Dança
Notação da Dança - Problemas e Possibilidades
Authors: Soares Manuela
Published: November 2023

Notação da Dança - Problemas e Possibilidades
Entro(Poe)tics: Darkness, Decay, and the Heat Death of the Universe
Authors: Moreland Sean
Published: November 2023

This article examines Edgar Allan Poe’s engagements with nineteenth-century thermodynamic theory via his broader literary explorations of a principle of cosmic deterioration. Focusing especially on the untimely apparitions of entropy and universal heat death in “The Fall of the House of Usher” (1839) and “Mask of the Red Death” (1842), it argues that these apparitions derive from Poe’s creative responses to two primary sources. The first is Epicurean atomism, the most important exposition of which Poe found in Lucretius’s De rerum natura, as mediated by the agonistic interpretations of English natural philosophers Erasmus Darwin (1731–1802) and John Mason Good (1764–1827). The second is the energetic conception historian of science Stephen Brush calls “the wave theory of heat,” which Poe absorbed from contemporary experimental natural philosophers and popularizers of science, including Dionysius Lardner (1793–1859) and John W. Draper (1811–1882). These sources enabled Poe to conceptualize the universe as a system in which irreversible change occurs due to inevitable loss in the transmission or transformation of energy. Poe gave proleptic, poetic expression to this concept in his writings, leading to their haunting echoes in later formulations of, and responses to, entropy and universal heat death.
Poe and the Asylum
Authors: Gailey Amanda
Published: November 2023

In 1844, Poe likely encountered the American Journal of Insanity through his associate, Dr. Pliny Earle, director of the Bloomingdale Asylum for the Insane. A careful look at the evidence suggests that the journal may have influenced Poe’s only fictional description of an asylum in “The System of Doctor Tarr and Professor Fether.”
“The Raven” and the Antebellum Culture of Bereavement
Authors: Cook Jonathan A.
Published: November 2023

Despite the worldwide familiarity of “The Raven,” few readers are aware of the antebellum era’s elaborate cultural prescriptions for mourning that shape the poem and its thematic significance. For a missing perspective on Poe’s poem concerns the speaker’s representative behavior as genteel middle-class mourner, with the mysterious bird taking on the role of consolatory visitor, but a visitor who implicitly mocks the prescribed role of spiritual sympathizer by suggesting demonic doubts about the era’s evangelical hope of reunion in the afterlife with the beloved. Such a thematic emphasis is enhanced by the intertextual relationship of “The Raven” with relevant passages in the Bible as well as poems by Elizabeth Barrett, Gottfried August Bürger, and Felicia Hemans. While the scene enacted in “The Raven” anticipates the mourning that Poe would undergo following the death of his twenty-four-year-old wife Virginia in January 1847, it also illustrates the desperate hope for spiritual reunion notably seen in the bereavement behavior of Rufus W. Griswold, Poe’s notorious literary executor, whose young wife died in November 1842.
The Painterly Poe: Architect, Artist, Author
Authors: Cook Nina Elisabeth
Published: November 2023

Many scholars have read Edgar Allan Poe as uniquely enmeshed in an interdisciplinary and intermediary web connecting the visual and practical arts. Poe’s prose is intrinsically multimodal and multisensory, a transgression of disciplinary boundaries that leads to a horrific affect. This article examines three of Poe’s short stories with attention to the figure of the artist, architect, and author within his fiction, arguing that these characters can be read as exemplars of Poe’s aesthetic philosophy laid out in “The Philosophy of Composition.” Poe pushes and explores the limits of disciplinary boundaries by showing the various conjunctions and conflations inherent to artistic practice. In his stories, Poe explores what distinguishes literature from other creative endeavors. It is his fascination with the porous nature of artistic boundaries that drives both the form and content of his tales—and it is this very liminality, this porousness, that makes them truly the harbingers of horror as a genre.
“Flaming Madras handkerchiefs and calico blazing with crimson and scarlet flowers”: Antebellum World Systems in Hannah Crafts’s The Bondwoman’s Narrative
Authors: McCall Srimayee Basu
Published: November 2023

Hannah Crafts’s The Bondwoman’s Narrative (ca. 1853–61) is the earliest known work of fiction written by a Black woman in the United States. Its distinctiveness lies in the internationalism through which the labor regimes of the southern plantation are shown to be intimately bound to global sites of colonial dispossession. Besides unpacking the entangled strands of British and American imperialisms, the author-narrator critically emulates conventions of the nineteenth-century transatlantic literary marketplace, evincing an understanding of both her embodied self and her intellectual labor as commodities in a world system built with racialized labor. Crafts’s novel revises the notion of chattel slavery as provincial, situating it instead within the Atlantic World’s expansive flows of capital and commodities. It presents not a geographically and socially demarcated institution but a plantation empire that goes far beyond the contours of the American South or, indeed, the continental United States, creating a remarkably nuanced conception of Black positionality, one informed not only by race but also by global capital. As part of a broader field-based inquiry, this article probes the affordances of thinking about antebellum Black Atlantic political subjectivity as positioned between two imperialist projects: British abolitionism and American plantocratic expansionism.
How has the COVID-19 pandemic affected the distribution of radiology examinations?
Authors: AKSOY Cihat , ÇIRA Kamil , KOÇ Koray , EMİR YETİM Emel , DURMUŞ Emin , ÖZBİLEK Özgür
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to serious changes in our health practices. With this study, we aim to determine the effect of the pandemic on imaging examinations in the Radiology department.

Methods

Medical records of patients who had radiological imaging between March 10-December 31, 2019 and March 10-December 31, 2020 have been retrospectively reviewed. The patients’ clinical features and radiological imaging details have been obtained by using the SARUS information network.

Results

A total of 603 384 radiologic examinations performed on 222 328 patients in the 18-month period for two consecutive years. The total imaging volume in 2020 had decreased by 54.8% compared to 2019 (415.819 vs 187.565). The decrease was observed especially in April and May 2020; was re-increased again in June 2020. The imaging volume requested from the emergency unit was reduced by 29.4%. The rate and number of thoracic imaging among all radiologic examinations was found to have increased in 2020 (6495, 1.6% vs. 8663, 4.6%). On the other hand; abdominal, breast, neuroradiology and cardiovascular imaging were the most affected by the pandemic.

Conclusions

Hospital admissions decreased due to the anxiety and restrictions that occurred as the result of the pandemic. Considering the hospital conditions, it is important to perform the necessary imaging procedures on patients within the indications to prevent a delay in diagnosis by considering the conditions of the hospital and providing the precautionary conditions recommended by the protective equipment and guidelines.
Feasibility of MPC enhanced couch as SRS/SBRT Pretreatment QA
Authors: Aime M Gloi
Published: November 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using the Winston-Lutz (WL) interchangeability with a Machine Performance Check-enhanced couch for pretreatment quality assurance (QA) of stereotactic radiotherapy (SRS) and stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). The study employed the MPC with an electronic portal imaging device (EPID) to carry out geometric checks and verify the radiation isocenter. The isocenter size was assessed using the MultiMet cube and the MPC-enhanced couch module for SRS/SBRT pretreatment QA. Methods: The isocenter size of the MPC-enhanced couch module was compared to the WL measurements of the MultiMet cube. Measurements were taken at various gantry, collimator, and couch angles over a period of one month. The data from the cube were evaluated using PIPSRO and MultiMet (MMWL), including the offset targets. Various statistical tests were performed to evaluate the agreement, normality, separability, sensitivity, and specificity between the two methods. Results: The results showed isocenter sizes of 0.273 ± 0.065 mm, 0.293 ± 0.010 mm, and 0.209 ± 0.070 mm for PIPSPRO, MPC, and MMWL, respectively. The average bias was -0.0639 ± 0.1061 mm between MMWL and PIPSPRO, -0.0837 ± 0.0688 mm between MMWL and MPC, and 0.0198 ± 0.0696 mm between MPC and PIPSPRO. A Shapiro-Wilk test revealed no significant departure from normality for all tests and showed satisfactory discrimination through the area under the curve (AUC). A paired t-test analysis revealed a statistically significant difference between the mean isocenter size of the MPC and WL (MMPWL: t = 5.654, df = 29, p < 0.001; PIPSPRO: t = -1.483, DF = 29, p = 0.1488), and there was no significant difference within the WL test (t = 3.008, DF = 29, p = 0.0054). Conclusion: Despite the statistical test results, there was agreement between the MPC and WL radiation isocenter size that was within the requirement of the AAPM TG 142 tolerance (±1.0 mm). The MPC proved to be accurate, reproducible, and consistent throughout the measurements, making it an appropriate and effective pretreatment QA tool for SRS/SBRT.
ATENÇíO AO IDOSO COM DEMÊNCIA: AS AÇÕES DOS TERAPEUTAS OCUPACIONAIS INSERIDOS NAS INSTITUIÇÕES DE LONGA PERMANÊNCIA DE CURITIBA – PARANÁ, BRASIL.
Authors: Bernardo Lilian Dias , De Paula Alessandra Carvalho , Pereira Laísa Souza , Barros Luana de , Ferreira da Silva Priscilla Luvizotto , De Oliveira Dierckx Rosiléia Teixeira , Hellman Vanessa , Raymundo Taiuani Marquine
Published: November 2023

O objetivo desse estudo era compreender o processo de trabalho de terapeutas ocupacionais brasileiros que atuam em instituições de longa permanência, no município de Curitiba, Paraná - Brasil, junto à clientela de idosos com demência. Foi realizado um estudo descritivo transversal, com profissionais que atuam há mais de seis meses nestes estabelecimentos. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de um questionário on-line, para identificação do perfil profissional, demandas dos idosos, ações avaliativas e interventivas. Verificou-se que os idosos atendidos são, em sua maioria, do gênero feminino e com o diagnóstico de doença de Alzheimer. As avaliações mais utilizadas foram o Mini Exame do Estado Mental e o Montreal Cognitive Assessment, e as intervenções mais citadas foram as atividades expressivas, artesanais, recreativas e de lazer. Destacam-se também as inúmeras intervenções cognitivas. Como resultado, foram apontadas melhorias nas funções cognitivas, principalmente nos aspectos da atenção, orientação temporal e iniciativa, além de diminuição da apatia, melhora na autoestima, participação e interação social. No entanto, muitas intervenções identificadas na pesquisa ainda possuem modestas ou baixas evidências científicas e esses estudos precisam ser aprofundados. Na atenção aos cuidadores, poucas ações são realizadas. Conclui-se que, neste estudo, a atuação do terapeuta ocupacional mostrou seguir uma linha singular de atuação, com repercussões que apontam para melhorias nos aspectos cognitivos e comportamentais e/ou melhor desempenho ocupacional do idoso demenciado.
Rol del Terapeuta Ocupacional en tratamiento de niños con delirium hospitalario infantil en unidades hospitalarias de Chile
Authors: Gallegos Berrios Sebastian , Cortez Álvarez Javiera , Escobar Gimpel Valentina , Fritzsche Bolaño Geraldine , Squicciarini Toro Karla
Published: November 2023

En los últimos años, a nivel mundial, se han incrementado los casos de niños que desarrollan Delirium Hospitalario Infantil (DHI) en diferentes

unidades hospitalarias. Por esto, se han realizado investigaciones orientadas al diagnóstico de este cuadro, sin evidencia suficiente que justifique

y respalde el abordaje de niños con DHIdesde terapia ocupacional. En Chile no existen estudios en el área pediátrica, sin embargo, hay evidencia

que si justifica el abordaje de este cuadro desde terapia ocupacional en población adulta mayor, lo cual entrega un precedente de efectividad

de este tratamiento en delirium hospitalario. Por lo cual, el objetivo de esta investigación es Describir el rol del terapeuta ocupacional en el

tratamiento del Delirium Hospitalario Infantil en Unidades Hospitalarias de Chile.

Esta investigación se enmarca en una metodología cualitativa, diseño fenomenológico, con alcance exploratorio-descriptivo. Cuenta con un

universo total de 8 terapeutas ocupacionales (TO) que trabajan actualmente en unidades hospitalarias pediátricas y que han abordado casos

de niños con DHI, profesionales que debieron responder cuestionarios, entrevistas en profundidad o entrevista a experto, a modo de triangular

los resultados obtenidos para el logro del objetivo.

A través de esta investigación se invita a los TO que se desempeñan en el área a sistematizar sus experiencias, con el fin de generar protocolos de

intervención para un cuadro de salud subdiagnosticado en población pediátrica, y que es de suma urgencia abordar de manera interdisciplinaria,

para promover el menor impacto de la hospitalización en el desarrollo normal de estos niños.
Volición en gestantes hospitalizadas en alto riesgo obstétrico frente a la estimulación prenatal
Authors: Devia Stephanie , Ordoñez Andrea
Published: November 2023

Introducción: La volición es la motivación por “el hacer” surge de las características internas y del ambiente externo donde se encuentre el individuo, esta puede verse afectada frente a situaciones de cambio, repercutiendo en el desempeño y la adaptación de la persona al nuevo contexto. Objetivo: Caracterizar la volición de un grupo de gestantes en alto riesgo obstétrico frente a una actividad educativa de estimulación prenatal. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal con 40 gestantes. Para la recolección de información se utilizó el Cuestionario Volitivo V/Q, los datos fueron analizados a través de Stata 13, expresados en medidas de tendencia central, dispersión, frecuencias absolutas y relativas. Resultados: Las gestantes están en un estado inicial de exploración, por lo que se evidenció motivación al participar de la enseñanza de estimulación prenatal. Conclusión: La enseñanza de estimulación prenatal es una actividad significativa que promueve la volición en gestantes hospitalizadas de alto riesgo, permite vivenciar la hospitalización de una forma distinta contrarrestando la sintomatología clínica que se padece.
Estudio sobre el impacto de la maternidad en el rol de estudiantes de la Universidad Santo Tomás Viña del Mar
Authors: Neumann Collyer Vivian , Leal Cea Daniela Nicol , Morales Orellana Glenda Carolina , Cuevas Cortés Francisco Javier
Published: November 2023

El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar el impacto del rol materno sobre el rol de estudiante en jóvenes universitarias. Se realizó una investigación descriptiva, no experimental, exploratoria y transversal. El muestreo fue no probabilístico a conveniencia. Se aplicó una encuesta previamente validada por comité de expertos, donde se analizó (desde la perspectiva del alumno) el rol del estudiante, caracterizando ciertas variables como: asistencia, horas de estudio, trabajos en equipo, actividades extracurriculares y desempeño académico. Los datos se analizaron mediante test t- Student pareado. Los resultados indicaron que, en la percepción de las madres, todas las variables fueron significativamente afectadas por su rol materno. Existen diferencias significativas entre las opiniones de la población estudiada, en relación al antes y el después de maternidad en donde, se puede observar mediante la realización del gráfico comparativo de las variables, que antes de la maternidad contaban con más tiempo para poder desempeñarse activamente en el rol de estudiante, a la par con sus compañeros, en cambio, después de la maternidad se puede evidenciar que baja significativamente su participación en este rol, trayendo consigo consecuencias a nivel educativo y personal, viéndose no solamente afectado su desempeño académico, sino que además su participación social.
IMAGINARIOS DE INFANCIA Y ADOLESCENCIA CRIMINALIZADA EN PROCESOS DE TERAPIA OCUPACIONAL
Authors: Madrid Lorca Solange
Published: November 2023

IMAGINARIOS DE INFANCIA Y ADOLESCENCIA CRIMINALIZADA EN PROCESOS DE TERAPIA OCUPACIONAL
THE FORMS OF VEGETATION IMPACT BY A STRONG ERUPTION OF THE SHIVELUCH VOLCANO (APRIL 2023, KAMCHATKA)
Authors: Гришин С.Ю.
Published: November 2023

ФОРМЫ ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЯ НА РАСТИТЕЛЬНОСТЬ СИЛЬНОГО ИЗВЕРЖЕНИЯ ВУЛКАНА ШИВЕЛУЧ (АПРЕЛЬ 2023 Г., КАМЧАТКА)

THE FORMS OF VEGETATION IMPACT BY A STRONG ERUPTION OF THE SHIVELUCH VOLCANO (APRIL 2023, KAMCHATKA)
MICROELEMENT COMPOSITION OF THE MUSCLE TISSUE OF THE STONE COCKSCOMB ALECTRIAS ALECTROLOPHUS (STICHAEIDAE) IN THE AVACHA BAY (SOUTH-EASTERN KAMCHATKA)
Authors: Климова А.В. , Токранов А.М. , Блохина Е.А.
Published: November 2023

МИКРОЭЛЕМЕНТНЫЙ СОСТАВ МЫШЕЧНОЙ ТКАНИ БУРОГО МОРСКОГО ПЕТУШКА ALECTRIAS ALECTROLOPHUS (STICHAEIDAE) В АВАЧИНСКОЙ ГУБЕ (ЮГО-ВОСТОЧНАЯ КАМЧАТКА)

MICROELEMENT COMPOSITION OF THE MUSCLE TISSUE OF THE STONE COCKSCOMB ALECTRIAS ALECTROLOPHUS (STICHAEIDAE) IN THE AVACHA BAY (SOUTH-EASTERN KAMCHATKA)
PHENOMEN OF THE GLOW OF SALMON SALTY CAVIAR
Authors: Лепская Е.В. , Устименко Е.А.
Published: November 2023

ФЕНОМЕН СВЕЧЕНИЯ СОЛЕНОЙ ИКРЫ ТИХООКЕАНСКИХ ЛОСОСЕЙ

PHENOMEN OF THE GLOW OF SALMON SALTY CAVIAR
DIFFERENCES IN THE RESPONSES OF NEUTROPHILIC CELLS TO STIMULATION OF THEIR FUNCTIONS IN VITRO BY AQUEOUS EXTRACTS OF KAMCHATKA BROWN ALGAE
Authors: Клочкова Н.Г. , Перервенко О.В.
Published: November 2023

РАЗНООБРАЗИЕ ОТВЕТНЫХ РЕАКЦИЙ НЕЙТРОФИЛЬНЫХ КЛЕТОК НА СТИМУЛЯЦИЮ ИХ ФУНКЦИЙ IN VITRO ВОДНЫМИ ЭКСТРАКТАМИ КАМЧАТСКИХ БУРЫХ ВОДОРОСЛЕЙ

DIFFERENCES IN THE RESPONSES OF NEUTROPHILIC CELLS TO STIMULATION OF THEIR FUNCTIONS IN VITRO BY AQUEOUS EXTRACTS OF KAMCHATKA BROWN ALGAE
FLORA AND VEGETATION OF THE STARITSKY PENINSULA (MAGADAN, MAGADAN REGION)
Authors: Бочарова У.И.
Published: November 2023

ФЛОРА И РАСТИТЕЛЬНОСТЬ П-ОВА СТАРИЦКОГО (МАГАДАН, МАГАДАНСКАЯ ОБЛАСТЬ)

FLORA AND VEGETATION OF THE STARITSKY PENINSULA (MAGADAN, MAGADAN REGION)
MUTINUS RAVENELII: FIRST RECORD OF THE MEMBER OF THE ORDER PHALLALES (BASIDIOMYCOTA) IN KAMCHATKA
Authors: Санамян К.Э. , Санамян Н.П. , Чернягина О.А.
Published: November 2023

MUTINUS RAVENELII: ПЕРВАЯ НАХОДКА ПРЕДСТАВИТЕЛЯ ПОРЯДКА PHALLALES (BASIDIOMYCOTA, БАЗИДИАЛЬНЫЕ ГРИБЫ) НА КАМЧАТКЕ

MUTINUS RAVENELII: FIRST RECORD OF THE MEMBER OF THE ORDER PHALLALES (BASIDIOMYCOTA) IN KAMCHATKA
TO ALIEN FLORA OF THE KAMCHATKA REGION
Authors: Майоров С.Р. , Чернягина О.А.
Published: November 2023

К ЧУЖЕРОДНОЙ ФЛОРЕ КАМЧАТСКОГО КРАЯ

TO ALIEN FLORA OF THE KAMCHATKA REGION
SEASONAL CHANGES OF PELAGIC ZOOPLANKTON IN KURIL LAK E FOR 2018 –2022 (SOUTHER N K AMCHATK A)
Authors: Бонк Т.В.
Published: November 2023

СЕЗОННЫЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИ Я ПЕЛАГИЧЕСКОГО ЗООПЛАНКТОНА ОЗ. КУРИЛЬСКОГО В 2018 –2022 ГГ. ( ЮЖНА Я КАМЧАТКА)

SEASONAL CHANGES OF PELAGIC ZOOPLANKTON IN KURIL LAK E FOR 2018 –2022 (SOUTHER N K AMCHATK A)
THE AUTUMN FLIGHT LOAD OF WATER BEARER HONEY BEE APIS MELLIFERA IN KAMCHATKA
Authors: Снегур П.П.
Published: November 2023

ЛЕТНАЯ НАГРУЗКА ПЧЕЛ-ВОДОНОСОВ APIS MELLIFERA В ОСЕННЕЕ ВРЕМЯ В УСЛОВИЯХ КАМЧАТКИ

THE AUTUMN FLIGHT LOAD OF WATER BEARER HONEY BEE APIS MELLIFERA IN KAMCHATKA
GENETIC STRUCTURE OF SOCKEYE SALMON ONCORHYNCHUS NERKA FROM EASTERN KAMCHATKA COAST, CHUKOTKA AND COMMANDER ISLANDS
Authors: Пильганчук О.А. , Муравская У.О. , Денисенко А.Д. , Савенков В.В.
Published: November 2023

ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКАЯ СТРУКТУРА НЕРКИ ONCORHYNCHUS NERKA ВОСТОЧНОГО ПОБЕРЕЖЬЯ КАМЧАТКИ, ЧУКОТКИ И КОМАНДОРСКИХ ОСТРОВОВ

GENETIC STRUCTURE OF SOCKEYE SALMON ONCORHYNCHUS NERKA FROM EASTERN KAMCHATKA COAST, CHUKOTKA AND COMMANDER ISLANDS
EVALUATION OF KELP BEDS FROM VILYUCHINSKAYA BAY (SOUTH-EASTERN KAMCHATKA) BY SATELLITE IMAGERY TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Климова А.В. , Соколов М.А. , Клочкова Т.А. , Клочкова Н.Г.
Published: November 2023

ОЦЕНКА ЗАПАСОВ ЛАМИНАРИЕВЫХ ВОДОРОСЛЕЙ ВИЛЮЧИНСКОЙ БУХТЫ (ЮГО-ВОСТОЧНАЯ КАМЧАТКА) МЕТОДОМ ДИСТАНЦИОННОГО ЗОНДИРОВАНИЯ

EVALUATION OF KELP BEDS FROM VILYUCHINSKAYA BAY (SOUTH-EASTERN KAMCHATKA) BY SATELLITE IMAGERY TECHNOLOGY
THE LARGHA SEAL PHOCA LARGHA AND PACIFIC SALMON FISHERY IN KAMCHATSKY GULF IN 2022–2023
Authors: Корнев С.И. , Миронова А.М.
Published: November 2023

ЛАРГА PHOCA LARGHA И ПРОМЫСЕЛ ТИХООКЕАНСКИХ ЛОСОСЕЙ В КАМЧАТСКОМ ЗАЛИВЕ В 2022–2023 ГГ

THE LARGHA SEAL PHOCA LARGHA AND PACIFIC SALMON FISHERY IN KAMCHATSKY GULF IN 2022–2023
NESTING OF BIRDS ON POWER TRANSMISSION TOWERS IN KAMCHATKA
Authors: Лобков Е.Г.
Published: November 2023

ГНЕЗДОВАНИЕ ПТИЦ НА ОПОРАХ ЛИНИЙ ЭЛЕКТРОПЕРЕДАЧ (ЛЭП) НА КАМЧАТКЕ

NESTING OF BIRDS ON POWER TRANSMISSION TOWERS IN KAMCHATKA
HISTOLOGICAL INDECES OF PINK SALMON GONADS IN THE COURSE OF DOWNSTREAM MIGRATION FROM THE NORTH-EASTERN KAMCHATKA RIVERS IN 2018–2022
Authors: Городовская С.Б.
Published: November 2023

ГИСТОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ ГОНАД ГОРБУШИ ИЗ СЕВЕРО-ВОСТОЧНЫХ РЕК КАМЧАТКИ В ПЕРИОД ПОКАТНОЙ МИГРАЦИИ В 2018–2022 ГОДАХ

HISTOLOGICAL INDECES OF PINK SALMON GONADS IN THE COURSE OF DOWNSTREAM MIGRATION FROM THE NORTH-EASTERN KAMCHATKA RIVERS IN 2018–2022
YELLOW-BREASTED BUNTING OCYRIS AUREOLIS IN THE LOWER REACHES OF AVACHA RIVER
Authors: Лобков Е.Г.
Published: November 2023

ДУБРОВНИК OCYRIS AUREOLUS В НИЗОВЬЕ Р. АВАЧИ

YELLOW-BREASTED BUNTING OCYRIS AUREOLIS IN THE LOWER REACHES OF AVACHA RIVER
THE DYNAMICS OF THE HYDROCHEMICAL REGIME AS A FACTOR DETERMINING THE FOOD SECURITY OF SOCKEYE FRY IN AZABACHYE LAKE (BASIN OF THE KAMCHATKA RIVER)
Authors: Базаркина Л.А.
Published: November 2023

ДИНАМИКА ГИДРОХИМИЧЕСКОГО РЕЖИМА КАК ФАКТОР, ОПРЕДЕЛЯЮЩИЙ ОБЕСПЕЧЕННОСТЬ ПИЩЕЙ МОЛОДИ НЕРКИ В ОЗ. АЗАБАЧЬЕМ (БАССЕЙН Р. КАМЧАТКИ)

THE DYNAMICS OF THE HYDROCHEMICAL REGIME AS A FACTOR DETERMINING THE FOOD SECURITY OF SOCKEYE FRY IN AZABACHYE LAKE (BASIN OF THE KAMCHATKA RIVER)
AN ESSAY ON FLORA AND VEGETATION OF THE SURROUNDING OF THE K AVACHA LAGOON (OLYUTORSKY PENINSULA)
Authors: Нешатаева В.Ю. , Скворцов К.И. , Якубов В.В. , Кириченко В.Е.
Published: November 2023

ОЧЕРК ФЛОРЫ И РАСТИТЕЛЬНОСТИ ОКРЕСТНОСТЕЙ ЛАГУНЫ КАВАЧА (ОЛЮТОРСКИЙ П-ОВ)

AN ESSAY ON FLORA AND VEGETATION OF THE SURROUNDING OF THE K AVACHA LAGOON (OLYUTORSKY PENINSULA)
Metabolical and hematological responses of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) to diet composition
Authors: Lazzari Rafael , Radünz Neto Joao , De Araujo Pedron Fabio , Loro Vania Lucia , Pretto Alexandra , Cavalheiro de Menezes Charlene , Staudt Schneider Thamara Luísa , Mena Barreto Neto João de Deus , Giuliani Durigon Emerson
Published: November 2023

This study investigated the metabolic and hematological responses of silver catfish fed diets composed of different protein sources for 90 days. Six different diets were formulated: MBY (meat and bone meal + yeast); SY (soybean meal + yeast); S (soybean meal); MBS (meat and bone meal + soybean meal); FY (fish meal + yeast); FS (fish meal + soybean meal). In the liver, the concentration of glucose, lactate and protein was lower in fish fed SY and S diets. Liver glycogen did not differ between diets. At the muscular level, the glycogen, glucose, lactate content was lower in the FS diet, while the protein decreased in the fish that received the soybean meal-based diet (S). On the other hand, higher values of protein, glucose and lactate were observed in the diet containing meat and bone meal + soybean meal (MBS). The silver catfish fed diets based on fish meal (FY and FS) had a higher protein content in the kidney. Hematological parameters were influenced by diets. The absence of animal protein sources in the diets resulted in lower values of hematocrit and hemoglobin in silver catfish blood. It is concluded that diets containing vegetable and animal protein sources improve the nutritional and health status of silver catfish.
Análise das infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde e o consumo de antimicrobianos em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva neonatal
Authors: Jupen Gabriela Alves , Montes Elisangela Gueiber , Bail Larissa , Rickli Guilherme Ângelo Faria , Ito Carmen Antonia Sanches
Published: November 2023

O aumento na sobrevida de neonatos nas últimas décadas tem íntima relação com o avanço dos processos terapêuticos, uso de dispositivos invasivos e permanência por longos períodos em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva neonatais. Contudo, esses fatores são risco para o desenvolvimento de infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde (IRAS), responsáveis por elevadas taxas de morbimortalidade em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal. Trata-se de um estudo transversal retrospectivo, realizado por meio de coleta de dados de prontuários eletrônicos, cujo objetivo é caracterizar as IRAS em neonatos em cuidados intensivos em um hospital universitário, entre 2018 e 2022. O principal motivo de internação foi a prematuridade e a principal IRAS encontrada foi a infecção primária da corrente sanguínea associada à cateter (59%), com prevalência de bactérias Gram-positivas (68%), principalmente os Staphylococcus coagulase negativo resistentes à oxacilina (90%). Os antimicrobianos mais utilizados foram ampicilina e gentamicina, seguidos de oxacilina e amicacina. Evidenciou-se, portanto, o alto percentual de infecções da corrente sanguínea associada à cateter e a necessidade de técnicas assépticas de inserção dos cateteres e coleta de hemoculturas.
A Review of Semantic Application of MI Theory and Effects for Teacher Training
Authors: Sharma Parvesh
Published: November 2023

The notion of “multiple intelligences” (MI) was established by Howard Gardner, a psychologist from the United States, during the latter part of the 1970s and the early part of the 1980s. Gardner introduced the concept of MI in his 1983 publication titled Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences, positing that individuals possess unique cognitive abilities across eight discrete domains. As per the theory, there exist nine discrete categories of intelligence, such as logical-mathematical, visual-spatial, musical-rhythmic, verbal-linguistic, bodily-kinesthetic, intrapersonal, interpersonal, existential, and naturalistic. Individuals construct their distinct cognitive frameworks by engaging in activities that are highly valued within their respective cultural contexts. The present article furnishes a comprehensive outline of the rationales and plausible scenarios for deliberating MI theory with pre-service educators during their teacher training. This study examines the significance of Universal Design for Learning (UDL) and comparable models in the context of teacher training, taking into account the distinctions between the semantic theoretical foundations of intelligence in Multiple Intelligences (MI) theory and learning styles theory.
Intestinal helminth and the predisposing factors in Fufore LGA of Adamawa state
Authors: Ballah Ikurhyel Ay  , William Istifanus  , Ezekiel Iliya  , Liman Tertsegha Imo  , Rimamnyang C. Mamtara  , Ahima Marvin
Published: November 2023

Background & Objective: Helminths have plagued humans since the era of our earliest recorded history. A large part of the world's population are infected with one or more of helminthes infection (WHO, 2016). Helminthes are endemic and have been a major problem in rural settlements in Nigeria this is as a result of poor socio- economic status and lack of basic amenities such as pipe borne water and other sanitary facilities (Okon and Okun, 2001). They also have detrimental effects on animal survival (Silva et al., 2009) and these parasites have the potential of being transmitted to human (Batchelor et al., 2008). To provide information on the prevalence, intensity and predisposing factors of intestinal helminth among School-aged children in relation to their age and gender in Fufore. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out to determine the prevalence of intestinal helminth and the predisposing factors in Fofure LGA of Adamawa State between October and November 2022 where five Schools were sampled for the study. 300 Students between the ages 0-15 years were randomly selected and grouped into three age groups (0-5, 6-10, 11-15). 300 stool samples were obtained from the students and examined. Each were issued a structured questionnaire so as to obtain their demographic characteristics and to examine the possible risk factors associated with this infection. Result: out of the 300 Students examined, 17(5.7%) were positive for intestinal helminth and the Males (6.7%) had significantly higher prevalence (P < 0.05) than the Females (4.4%). In respect to age, the age group 0-5 (11.5%) were significantly more infected (P < 0.05) followed by the age group 6-10 (7.9%) than the extreme age group 11-15 (1.5%) examined. Three parasites namely Schistosoma mansoni, Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichiuris trichiura were recovered. The most common of these parasites were Schistosoma mansoni and Ascaris lumbricoides which occurred in high intensity in most of the positive samples. Interpretation and Conclusion: The result of this study revealed that, poverty, ignorance, socio-cultural practice, poor hygienic practices, inadequate sanitary/ toiletry facility to be the driving forces of this infection in the study area. Intervention needed to curtail the effect and further transmission of this infection include; massive treating and health education, provision of portable drinking water and provision of good sanitary/ toilet facility.