bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A evolução da ocupação do espaço marinho do litoral catarinense pela malacocultura (1995-2005)
Authors: Rodrigues Ana Maria Torres , Matias William G. , Polette Marcus , Occhialini Daniela S. , Micheletti Elizabethe L. V. , Dalbosco Ricardo
Published: June 2021

A análise da evolução do processo de expansão dos cultivos de moluscos bivalves marinhos (malacocultura) apontou problemas de natureza diversa, dentre os quais se destacam o espacial e o ambiental, caracterizando a falta de efetivo planejamento para permitir que a atividade se desenvolva de forma adequada. Este trabalho procurou demonstrar como isto ocorreu no litoral catarinense no período entre 1995 e 2005, bem como algumas abordagens sobre as equivocadas estratégias adotadas para a ocupação do espaço marinho-costeiro catarinense e possíveis consequências destas práticas. Este estudo torna-se relevante, por avaliar aspectos relacionados à conservação da Zona Costeira, inserida na Constituição Federal Brasileira como Patrimônio Nacional, bem como pela dimensão que apresenta a malacocultura em Santa Catarina, principalmente se for considerado seu processo de expansão. Dados referentes a um Projeto de Planejamento para a atividade de 1995, de um posterior Termo de Ajustamento de Conduta (TAC) entre os maricultores e o IBAMA, de 2003, e vistorias de campo nas áreas aquícolas do Estado, em 2005, foram comparados, fornecendo as informações geradas por este estudo. Em 2005, cerca de 506 ha do espaço marinho catarinense encontravam-se efetivamente utilizados pela atividade.
Caracterização das capturas comerciais do bonito-listrado, Katsuwonus pelamis, desembarcado em 2007 no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
Authors: Menezes Antônio Alberto da Silveira , Dos Santos Roberta Aguiar , Lin Celso Fernandes , Neves Luis Fernando Faulstich , Vianna Marcelo
Published: June 2021

Foram amostrados 2.702 bonitos-listrados (Katsuwonus pelamis) desembarcados no porto de Niterói-RJ, entre janeiro e dezembro de 2007, com comprimentos furcais (Lf) entre 40,1 e 85,6 cm e pesos (Wt) entre 1,0 kg (1° e 2° trimestres) e 11,3 kg (2° trimestre). As maiores médias de comprimento e peso foram registradas no 4° trimestre (61,4 cm e 4,9 kg, respectivamente) e as menores no 1° trimestre (57,2 cm e 3,1 kg). A relação entre o comprimento furcal e peso total, para sexos agrupados, foi: Wt= 3,817 x 10-6Lf3,3773 (n=2026; r2= 0,8716). As médias dos fatores de condição (K) variaram de 0,0062, no 3° trimestre, a 0,0221 no 2° trimestre. As maiores capturas foram observadas nos meados do verão até o início do outono, principalmente compostas por peixes com mais de três anos de idade. Os desembarques de atuns e afins, em 2007, no estado do Rio de Janeiro pela frota atuneira de vara e isca-viva, situaram-se ao redor de 4.484 t, sendo 3.982 t de bonito-listrado e 502 t das demais espécies, entre elas albacora-laje (Thunnus albacares), albacorinha (T. atlanticus), albacora-bandolim (T. obesus), albacora-branca (T. alalunga), bonito-cachorro (Auxis thazard), bonito-pintado (Euthynnus alletteratus), dourado (Coryphaena hippurus) e xerelete (Caranx sp). Entre 2005 e 2007, o número de barcos permaneceu estável, com 14 embarcações atuantes. Em 2007, estes barcos apresentaram médias de 24,6 metros de comprimento e 112,8 de arqueação bruta.
Observações biológicas do tubarão-azul, Prionace glauca (Linnaeus, 1758), em cruzeiros de prospecção pesqueira na zona econômica exclusiva do Sudeste-Sul do Brasil.
Authors: Kotas Jorge Eduardo , Lin Celso Fernandes , Albanez Felipe Farias , Dos Santos Silvio , Pazeto† Fernando Dias
Published: June 2021

Na ZEE do Sudeste-Sul do Brasil, de dezembro de 2002 a julho de 2003, foram efetuados cinco cruzeiros de pesca exploratória pelágica, utilizando o espinhel-de-superfície. Coletaram-se informações biológicas do tubarão-azul, Prionace glauca. A espécie representou 24% em número e 47,8% em peso do total capturado.  A CPUE média foi de 6,4tubarões/1.000 anzóis (n= 32; s= 7,6tubarões/1.000 anzóis) e 346kg/1.000 anzóis (n= 30; s= 471,3kg/1.000 anzóis). A espécie ocorreu em temperatura média de água de superfície (TSM) de 22,3ºC (n= 32 medições de temperatura; s= 2,1ºC). A maioria das capturas esteve distribuída em locais com profundidades entre 1.420 e 2.072m. Os maiores rendimentos, em peso e em número, ocorreram durante as fases de lua minguante e crescente. O comprimento furcal (CF) médio dos machos foi de 196,3cm (n= 30; s= 20,7cm) com amplitude de 156 a 244cm. Por sua vez, as fêmeas apresentaram um CF médio de 193,4cm (n= 30; s= 30,2cm) com amplitude entre 73 e 232cm, não tendo sido significativas (p > 0,05) as diferenças entre os sexos. Para os machos, o peso médio foi de 52,6kg (n = 25; s = 18,5kg) e, para as fêmeas, 61,1kg (n= 29; s= 17,0kg). Dos machos, foram classificados 9 exemplares imaturos, 2 em maturação e 17 maturos. Ocorreram 13 fêmeas grávidas, 4 maturas não-grávidas e 1 em maturação. Na área estudada, limitada pelas latitudes de 22° e 29ºS, a captura foi predominantemente composta por subadultos (CF de 130 a 179cm), adultos (CF de 180 a 219cm) e grandes adultos (CF ≥ 220cm).
The Osoblaha Lowland - a Geomorphological Survey
Authors: Czudek Tadeáš
Published: June 2021

The paper describes landforms of the Osoblaha Lowland in Northern Moravia. Major relief features in this area developed in permafrost conditions during the Late Pleistocene.
Program Gerakan Masyarakat Cerdas Menggunakan Obat Di Kota Medan Tahun 2020
Authors: Fitriani Pramita Gurning  , Marlina Yusnita Nasution  , Lilis Ananda  , Fenny Dwi Arini
Published: June 2021

Gerakan Masyarakat Cerdas Menggunakan Obat (GeMa CerMat) merupakan program Kementerian Kesehatan yang melibatkan lintas sektor dan komponen masyarakat. Kegiatan GeMa CerMat upaya peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan, serta perubahan perilaku masyarakat dalam memilih, mendapatkan, menggunakan, menyimpan dan membuang obat secara benar, meliputi obat bebas untuk swamedikasi, maupun obat keras yang diperoleh dengan resep dokter. Data riskesdas tahun 2013 menunjukan bahwa 35,2% rumah tangga menyimpan obat untuk swamedikasi. Merujuk dari 35,2% rumah tangga yang menyimpan obat, 35,7% diantaranya menyimpan obat keras, dan 27,8% di antaranya menyimpan  antibiotik dan 86,1% antibiotik tersebut diperoleh tanpa resep. Keadaan ini menunjukan bahwa swamedikasi belum dilaksanakan secara tepat. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis program GeMa CerMat di Kota Medan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriftif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan data Dinas Kesehatan Kota Medan capaian indikator di wilayah Kota Medan pada tahun 2019 adalah sebesar 60,6% dengan target sebesar 60%, dimana pada tahun sebelumnya capaian indikatornya adalah 5,13% dengan target sebesar 55%. Kesimpulannya capaian indikator Program GeMa CerMat di wilayah Kota Medan pada tahun 2020 target capaian sebesar 45% tetapi untuk Kota Medan tidak bisa tercapai sesuai target dikarenakan terjadinya pandemi Covid-19 sehingga tidak bisa terlaksananya program GeMa CerMat.
Determinan Pemeriksaan Payudara Sendiri (SADARI) Siswa SMK Kesehatan Annisa 3 Bogor
Authors: Istiqomatunnisa
Published: June 2021

Pemeriksaan payudara sendiri atau yang biasa disebut SADARI dapat dilakukan untuk mendeteksi kanker lebih dini, untuk prognosis yang lebih baik. Hal ini akan menurunkan tingkat kematian akibat kanker payudara sampai 20%, sayangnya wanita yang melakukan SADARI atau pemeriksaan payudara sendiri masih rendah. Tujuan penelitian ini mempelajari dan menjelaskan hubungan antara pengetahuan, sikap, keterpaparan sumber informasi, interaksi teman sebaya dan umur responden  dengan SADARI siswi SMK Kesehatan Annisa 3 Bogor Tahun 2016. Penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain analitik cross sectional. Analisis data dengan univariat, bivariat, multivariat. Proporsi pemeriksaan Payudara sendiri (SADARI) siswi SMK sebanyak 33,8 %. Hasil analisis multivariat, didapatkan faktor yang berhubungan dengan SADARI adalah pengetahuan (p=0,001; OR=7,324) dan interaksi teman sebaya (p=0,027; OR=6,719) sedangkan variabel keterpaparan sumber informasi sebagai variabel confounding. Pengetahuan merupakan faktor dominan yang berhubungan dengan SADARI. Rekomendasi, meningkatkan kerjasama lintas sektoral dari berbagai pihak untuk dapat memberikan informasi yang cukup kepada masyarakat terutama siswa SMK dengan cara penyuluhan melalui media massa yang dapat dilihat dan dibaca oleh masyarakat seperti televisi, radio, koran majalah dan lain lain sehingga dapat meningkatkan perilaku Pemeriksaan payudara sendiri (SADARI).
Penyangga Bantal Di Sisi Kanan Ibu Hamil Terhadap Kejadian Supine Hypotension Pada Ibu Hamil Trimester III
Authors: Febi Ratnasari  , Rahmah Karina
Published: June 2021

Latar Belakang: Supine hypotension terjadi pada trimester kedua dan trimester ketiga yaitu penurunan tekanan darah sistol >30 mmHg sampai 80 mmHg pada posisi supine. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan penyangga bantal disisi kanan wanita hamil dengan kejadian supine hypotension pada wanita hamil trimester ketiga di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Tigaraksa. Metode Penelitian: Eksperimental dengan rancangan one group pretest posttest. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 30 teknik purposive sampling. Data diperoleh dengan pengukuran tekanan darah dengan sphygmomanometer dan detak jantung janin dengan menggunakan fetal doppler. Hasil: Analisa data yang digunakan adalah Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test hasil data yang diperoleh pretest penyangga bantal terhadap pretest supine hypotension nilai p value 0,001 < 0,05, pretest penyangga bantal terhadap posttest supine hypotension nilai p value 0,000 < 0,05, posttest penyangga bantal terhadap pretest supine hypotension nilai p value 0,000 < 0,05, pretest penyangga bantal terhadap posttest supine hypotension nilai p value 0,000 < 0,05, Kesimpulan: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan yang signifikan antara penyangga bantal disisi kanan ibu hamil dengan kejadian supine hypotension pada wanita hamil trimester ketiga. Saran: Untuk wanita hamil trimester ketiga untuk menggunakan penyangga bantal disisi kanan untuk mengurangi kejadian supine hypotension.
Pengaruh Edukasi Persiapan Endoskopi Terhadap Kepatuhan Pasien Melaksanakan Persiapan Endoskopi
Authors: Zahrah Malidia  , Yuni Susilowati  , Siti Nurhasanah
Published: June 2021

Endoskopi adalah teknik pelayanan canggih untuk memeriksa saluran cerna secara visual dengan cara melihat langsung pada layar monitor berbagai kelainan pada saluran cerna. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh edukasi persiapan endoskopi terhadap kepatuhan melaksanakan persiapan endoskopi di RSU Kabupaten Tangerang. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain equasi eksperimental dengan rancangan penelitian post test nonequivalent control group designs. Populasi berjumlah 20 orang dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik accidental sampling, yaitu 10 orang pertama sebagai kelompok intervensi dan 10 orang kedua sebagai kelompok kontrol. Hasil analisis bivariat dengan uji chi square didapatkan ada pengaruh edukasi persiapan endoskopi terhadap kepatuhan pasien melaksanakan persiapan endoskopi di RSU Kabupaten Tangerang (P value < 0,05). Diharapkan rumah sakit dapat menetapkan Standar Prosedur Operasional  (SPO) yang jelas terkait prosedur persiapan endoskopi saluran cerna dengan pemberian pendidikan kesehatan sesuai dengan kasus pada pasien yang akan dilakukan tindakan endoskopi disertai sosialisasi dan supervisi yang efektif sehingga dapat dipahami dan dijalankan oleh seluruh pemberi asuhan keperawatan.
Pengalaman Orang Tua Yang Mendampingi Pengobatan Anak Penderita Thalasemia Di Rumah Sakit Umum Kabupaten Tangerang
Authors: Solihati  , Siska Yeniyanti
Published: June 2021

Thalasemia mayor adalah penyakit kelainan kronik, apabila penyakit ini terjadi pada anak dapat mempengaruhi tingkat kognitif, tingkat emosional dan rutinitas sehari-hari keluarga terutama orang tua. Sehingga orang tua harus berhadapan dengan proses pengobatan anak, mendukung anak, dan mengurus anggota keluarga yang lain. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menggali informasi dan makna secara mendalam tentang pengalaman orang tua yang mendampingi pengobatan anak penderita thalasemia. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi deskriptif. Partisipan ditentukan dengan teknik purposive sampling yang berjumlah 10 orang. Teknik wawancara dilakukan menggunakan alat perekam, pedoman wawancara semi terstruktur, dan catatan lapangan. Analisa data menggunakan qualitative content analysis dengan pendekatan Collazi. Tema yang ditemukan sebagai hasil penelitian yaitu: Pemahaman mengenai penyakit thalasemia, Gambaran kecemasan dan kesedihan orang tua, Usaha mengobati dan merawat anak penderita thalasemia, Orang tua menjadi perawat bagi anak penderita thalasemia, Keberhasilan orang tua dalam merawat anak penderita thalasemia, Dukungan yang diterima orang tua selama mendampingi pengobatan anak penderita thalasemia. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi, pengetahuan serta masukan kepada perawat anak, sehingga pelayanan keperawatan dan edukasi yang diberikan kepada anak dan orang tua dapat meningkat.
Hubungan Antara Kualitas Tidur Dengan Konsentrasi Belajar Siswa Mts Yabika Kabupaten Tangerang Tahun 2019
Authors: Bella Novita  , Siti Rochmani  , Mulyanti
Published: June 2021

Latar Belakang : Kualitas tidur merupakan suatu fenomena komplek yang meliputi aspek lamanya tidur, frekuensi terbangun dan aspek kelamaan dan kepulasan tidur. Kualitas tidur dianggap sangat penting terhadap kondisi fisik dan mental seseorang. Hal ini didasarkan oleh fungsi tidur, dimana tidur diyakini memungkinkan tubuh untuk memperbaiki dirinya sendiri, mempengaruhi keseimbangan hormon-hormon dalam tubuh, memulihkan dan mengistirahatkan fisik setelah sehari-hari aktivitas, mengurangi stres dan kecemasan memperbaiki sel-sel tubuh yang rusak, menyimpan tenaga, dan memperbaiki imunitas, meningkatkan kemampuan daya konsentrasi saat melakukan aktivitas sehari-hari, Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kualitas tidur dengan konsentrasi belajar siswa  MTS YABIKA Kabupaten Tangerang Tahun 2019. Metode Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik sampel yang digunakan peneliti adalah Teknik random sampling dengan jumlah 133 responden. Hasil Penelitian diketahui hasil uji chi square menunjukan ada hubungan antara kualitas tidur dengan konsentrasi belajar dengan nilai p-value 0,001 < 0,05. Kesimpulan dan Saran agar remaja bisa lebih menjaga kualitas tidur sehar-hari agar konsentrasi belajarnya lebih baikdan prestasi belajar bisa lebih ditingkatkan lagi.
Pola Asuh Orang Tua Dengan Tingkat Kecemasan Remaja Putri Dalam Menghadapi Menarche
Authors: Dr wibisono  , Alfin Kurniati
Published: June 2021

ABSTRAK

Remaja putri rentang usia 10-16 tahun akan mengalami menarche (haid pertama). Hal ini akan menimbulkan ketegangan fisik, cemas dalam hal yang buruk akan terjadi ketika menarche. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan pola asuh orang tua dengan tingkat kecemasan remaja putri dalam menghadapi menarche pada siswi kelas V dan VI di SDN Bojong 1 Kabupaten Tangerang Tahun 2019. Metode penelitian yang digunakan penelitian ini adalah deskriptif korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 62 responden dengan tehnik yang digunakan untuk pengambilan data adalah total sampling dengan membagikan lembar kuesioner yang telah valid dan reliabel. Analisa data secara univariat dan bivariat dengan menggunakan Chi-Square dan Correlation. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan uji Chi-Square dan menghasilkan nilai p value = (0,001 < 0,05) maka dinyatakan ada hubungan pola asuh orang tua dengan tingkat kecemasan remaja putri dalam menghadapi menarche. Kesimpulan dan saran berdasarkan hasil penelitian ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pola asuh orang tua dengan tingkat kecemasan remaja putri dalam menghadapi menarche pada siswi kelas V dan VI di SDN Bojong 1 Kabupaten Tangerang. Disarankan remaja putri lebih terbuka terhadap masalah kepada orang tua agar dapat informasi dan pengetahuan yang tepat.
INFORMATION, MEDIA AND TECHNOLOGY SKILLS OF SPORT SCIENCES STUDENTS
Authors: HAZAR Esin , ÖZKURT Burhan
Published: June 2021

Although there have been initiatives for students to acquire proper 21st century skills in association with technology in Turkey for a long time, research on the information, media and technology skills of sport sciences undergraduates is limited. This study examines the competency levels of sport science undergraduates on information, media and technology skills, and the relationship between their competency levels and certain variables such as gender, departments, grades, personal computer (PC) possession and internet access. In the process of the implementation of the Information, Media and Technology Skills Competency scale, the sample of the study was composed of 298 sport sciences undergraduates. In the analysis of the data obtained from the scale, frequency, percentage, arithmetic mean and standard deviation values were used in the central and prevalence measurements. According to the results of the scale; sport sciences undergraduate students considered themselves to be moderate in their information, media and technology skills. While the highest score of the students was of communication and collaboration; programming skills were emerged as the weakest dimension. It was found that there are significant correlations between their competency levels and certain variables such as grade, PC possession and internet access.
The Reimagination of Tourism Studies: Positive Renewal, Restoration, and Revival Today
Authors: Hollinshead Keith , Suleman Rukeya , Vellah Alfred
Published: June 2021

In this second of three related articles on the adoption of disruptive qualitative cum interpretive research approaches, further coverage is given to the contexts and issues that "soft science" social scientists (and humanists, and posthumanists) face today. While the first artricle
(by Hollinshead, Suleman, and Nair here in the previous issue of Tourism, Culture & Communication ) made the case for the potential of disruptive qualitative research and subtle science outlooks in Tourism Studies—to help compensate for the domain's perduring calibrative,
managerialist and fast-capitalist perspectives—this follow-up article is a consolidation of the advanced social justice material being covered overall. In this second of the three companion article, the authors provide a further insight on the soft science concepts and constructions
that have been aired in the important watershed book on "subtle science methodology" by Brown, Carducci, and Kuby (entitled Disrupting Qualitative Inquiry). In this second of the three companion articles, the need for such research-as-resistance insights within Tourism Studies is expressed
per medium of the complex ways in which tourism is imbricated with a sometimes bewildering litany of ongoing cultural, political, economic, environmental, psychic, and other matters, something that regularly renders the ontologies of tourism and travel/Tourism Studies difficult to profile
and fathom on account of the fluid acumen (or plural knowability/critical multilogicality) required. At the end of this article, a further seven terms are explicated for the cumulative glossary being developed across the three companion articles. These terms include "methodological freedom"
and "guided wandering" (vis-à-vis the discursive cartography of tourism). The third article by Hollinshead, Suleman, and Lo (to appear in the next issue of Tourism, Culture & Communication) will complete the additive glossary by explain terms and concepts that pertain to
(1) the revised cognitive practices of tourism, and (2) the rhetorics of futurity of tourism.
Assessment of Nurse’s Knowledge and Practices about Personal Protective Equipment in Hemodialysis Unit in Basra Teaching Hospital
Authors: Saud Ahmed T. , Ali Aliaa H.
Published: June 2021

Objectives: to assess the nurses’ knowledge and practices about personal protective equipment (PPE).Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional design study has been carried out in Basrah teaching hospital,A purposive (non-probability) sample consist of (34) nurses who worked in the units of hemodialysis, thestudy started from 18th of October, 2019 to 12th of July, 2020. The instrument of the present study containsthree parts, first part: It is concerned with the nurse’s demographic data, second part: it is composed of (10)multiple choice questions (MCQs) related to the nurses knowledge, and third part: it consists of (14) itemsfor nurses practice about personal protective equipment. The validity of the instrument had been achieved by8 experts from different scientific branches. Statistical programs such as SPSS (Statistical Package for SocialScience) v. 23 were used to analyze the data. Result: the findings revealed that majority of nurses had poorknowledge and practice about personal protective equipment and there has been a significant relationshipbetween the nurse’s knowledge about personal protective equipment and their level of education at a p<0.05level. Recommendation: Provide training programs for the hemodialysis nurses on the promotion of higherstandards of the hand hygiene and potential uses of the personal protective equipment during working inhemodialysis centers.
Prospects of legal regulation of relations in the field of artificial intelligence use
Authors: Stefanchuk Mykola O. , Muzyka-Stefanchuk Oksana A. , Stefanchuk Maryna M.
Published: June 2021

The study covers the issues of legal regulation of relations in the field of artificial intelligence use. The study mainstreams the issue of whether it is possible to contemplate the legal status of a robot at the present stage of human development, or, on the contrary, all discussions on this issue are premature. Various areas of application, applications of robotics and artificial intelligence are considered. Special attention is paid to the medical field, where with the help of modern technologies it has become possible to develop models for predicting breast cancer, a model of cardiovascular risk in asymptomatic people with atherosclerosis, predicting stroke and seasonality of tuberculosis, and predicting the disease in a pandemic. It is argued that the COVID pandemic has reminded the world of the urgent need to intervene in the healthcare industry using artificial intelligence. It is artificial intelligence (AI) that has many applications in pandemic situations – from diagnostics to therapy. Attention is paid to the use of artificial intelligence in the educational, scientific, and research areas. This refers to the fight against the identification of facts of academic dishonesty and plagiarism, to the introduction of new technologies in the educational process. The study considers the existing approaches to the concept, nature, and main features of such categories as “artificial intelligence”, “robot”, and other related concepts in order to understand and comprehend their essence. In the comparative legal aspect, the study examines the RoboLaw project, European Parliament Resolution 2015/2103 (INL), entitled “Civil Law Rules on Robotics” of February 16, 2017, and the Charter of Robotics (the Scientific Foresight Unit, STOA)
New approaches to legal regulation and organisation of labour in Ukraine
Authors: Gusarov Serhii M. , Melnyk Kostiantyn Yu.
Published: June 2021

It is noted that the issues of introducing new approaches to the organisation of labour of employees are acute on the agenda today. The conventional approach, when the vast majority of employees in Ukraine worked at workplaces within enterprises, institutions, organisations, taking into account the quarantine restrictions introduced in 2020, ceased to correspond to the modern realities. Modernity requires the development of the telework. The paper provides a scientific study of the actual problem both for the science of labour law and for rule-making activities regarding the current state and trends in the legal regulation of remote work in Ukraine. The relevance of the study is conditioned by the importance of remote work for the sustainable development of the national economy and the state, as well as ensuring the interests of employees and employers in modern conditions. The purpose of the study is to provide scientifically sound conclusions and suggestions for improving the legal regulation of remote work in Ukraine. Using general scientific and special methods of scientific cognition, the study considers the essence of remote and home work; the provisions of the Labour Code of Ukraine are compared with the provisions of the Draft Law of Ukraine No. 4051 “On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts On Improving the Legal Regulation of Remote Work” dated September 04, 2020 and the Draft Labour Code of Ukraine. A general conclusion is made regarding the need to develop and adopt a modern comprehensive regulation in the field of labour – the Labour Code of Ukraine, which makes provision for a separate structural division (for example, a book) covering the specific features of regulating labour relations of certain categories of employees, within which a chapter should be placed with the title: “Features of Regulating Labour Relations of Employees Engaged in Remote Work”. The articles of such a chapter should make provision for the definition of remote work, the specifics of concluding, changing, and terminating an employment contract on remote work, the features of working hours and rest times of employees engaged in remote work, the features of labour protection of employees engaged in remote work, guarantees of labour rights of employees engaged in remote work
Kinship, Marriage and Traces of Social Interaction - Aspects on the hunter-gatherer societies in northern Sweden during the Bronze Age and early Iron Age
Authors: Bolin Hans
Published: June 2021

A central problem in the explanation and description of decentralized hunter-gatherer societies is what kind of traces different sorts of social interaction will leave in the archaeological material. It is here suggested that the distribution of asbestos-tempered ceramic ware in northern Sweden during the Bronze Age and early Iron Age was a result of the social interaction between different groups. The decoration on the cermic ware is suggested to represent traces of intermarriage relations. It is further argued that the hunter-gatherer societies were open to interaction with other groups and individuals.
Stone Enclosures —Linking Time and Guiding Space
Authors: Cassel Kerstin
Published: June 2021

From the late Roman Iron Age, stone enclosures and houses with a stone foundation have been built on Gotland. Stone enclosures have generally been interpreted as fences between the infields and the outlying land. I will argue that this explanation is insufficient and that we also have to consider the enclosures' symbolic and social significance. The stone enclosures were part of people's everyday practice as they moved through the landscape, and the enclosures structured the reality. The stone enclosures can be seen as both linking and separating, and one interpretation put forward is that the enclosures "embody" the social structure.
For Whom the Bell Tolls
Authors: Magnusson Staaf Björn
Published: June 2021

Time perception has important consequences for how human activity is structured. The question of how time perception has shifted in history could therefore be of certain importance in archaeological interpretation. This article is an attempt to analyze the construction of time in early- and high-medieval lreland and Scandinavia. The bell and the sound of the bell related to a theological concept in Christian ideology which referred to time. The bell was to become an utensil of power in the process of christianization. With help of the bell, the church partly abolished the subjectivity in the perception of time. When the bell rang it thereby dictated a common sense of time. We could therefore perhaps assume that a conceptual polemic concerning time has been one of the reasons for conflicts in medieval Ireland and Scandinavia.
Beyond Newtonian Thinking- Towards a Non-linear Archaeology - Applying Chaos Theory to Archaeology
Authors: Gerding Henrik , Ingemark Dominic
Published: June 2021

In this article the authors suggest that chaos theory can provide us with a new perspective on archaeology. Newtonian thinking is predominant in archaeology, as well as in the humanities in general. This results in the hegemony of analytic methods and a linear way of thinking on cause and effect. However, chaos theory has shown that behind many phenomena that may seem random lies order. Since these complex dynamic systems cannot be approached by linear methods we must tum to chaos theory and non-linear science. Chaos theory has major consequences for our view of determinism and predictability.
Was There a Santa Maria Culture? A Discussion of a Commonly Used Concept in Argentine Archaeology
Authors: Cornell Per , Johansson Nils
Published: June 2021

In this article the Santa Maria culture, a commonly used concept in Argentine archaeology, is discussed. Historically, this concept has been given varying definitions, which all have to be evaluated. As far as we understand, only aspects of the variability in artifacts, etc., have been used to define cultural units. A more fruitful and perhaps more empirical approach estimates the general variability without a priori assuming one single explanation or interpretation for this variability.
The Farming Economy in South and Central Sweden during the Bronze Age - A Study Based on Carbonised Botanical Evidence
Authors: Gustafsson Stefan
Published: June 2021

The article provides a survey of carbonised seed finds in south and central Sweden which can be attributed to the Swedish Bronze Age, 1800—500 B.C. This period must be considered one of the most dynamic with regard to prehistoric agriculture. The material has been collected at prehistoric dwelling sites and largely consists of household refuse. During the Early Bronze Age agriculture was based on speltoid wheat's and naked barley. Around 1000 B.C. the speltoid wheats and the naked barley decline strongly, while hulled barley takes over as the most important crop. This shift in the choice of crop indicates the introduction of agricultural fertilization and systems with permanent, manured fields.
Means of Payment and the Use of Coins in the Viking Age Town of Birka in Sweden - Preliminary Results
Authors: Gustin Ingrid
Published: June 2021

The article discusses aspects of the Viking Age trade and exchange in relation to means of payment. The analyses are based on the minted and unminted silver, as well as on the weights that were retrieved during the 1990—95 excavations of the Black Earth in Birka. It is stated that silver was primarily used for other purposes than small-scale transactions during the 8th and 9th centuries. However, the situation seems to have changed during the 10th century. Silver, especially minted silver, was now highly fragmented and might have been used for exchange and trade in local products.
Between Rationalism and Romanticism - Archaeological Heritage Management in the 1990s
Authors: Kristiansen Kristian
Published: June 2021

In this article it is argued that "heritage" both as a theoretical concept and a practice, is central to defining archaeology's role in society. Greater critical attention should therefore be given to this arena of archaeological practice on the part of theoretical archaeology and the heritage administration itself. Since archaeological heritage management is situated between interests in the present, these have to be defined as a first step. Three basic concepts and their role in shaping the development of archaeological heritage management are briefly analysed: the cultural environment, the cultural biography and cultural identity. It is argued that they are part of a development towards a more holistic perception and ideological use of the cultural heritage. This invites political manipulation. To avoid this, certain universal objectives in combination with ethical guidelines are suggested.
The Construction of Local Groups in Early Neolithic Scandinavia - An Interpretation of Social Boundaries without Local Horizons
Authors: Petersson Håkan
Published: June 2021

This article discusses the systemic construction of the social division of the Early Neolithic l. The division is seen as inaccurate due to a much too simplified classification of the ornamented material, something that is even more obvious when one tries to apply existing constructions on a broader Scandinavian scale. The article also presents a detailed analysis of the Oxie group and its relationship to other Early Neolithic groups; the previous view held by scholars, that this material is concentrated to eastern Denmark and central Scandinavia, is proven wrong in the article.
".. .wiser than he himself at the time knew" - The Histories of Archaeology and the Whig Problem
Authors: Gustafsson Anders
Published: June 2021

The last decades have witnessed an increased interest in the history of archaeology, an interest which, unfortunately, has not always included theoretical and methodological issues. In this paper, therefore, the author focuses upon one vital problem in the historiography of archaeology the problem of anachronistic reasoning. One example put forward concerns how one textbook in the history of archaeology treats the question of how the existence of thunderbolts was explained by an early scholar, the Dane Ole Worm. As a general conclusion it is claimed that different forms of the history of archaeology need different foundations with respect to the question of how to assess the past from the vantage point of the present.
Towns, Plots, Crafts and Fertility - Traces of a Power Ideology
Authors: Hed Jacobsson Anna
Published: June 2021

Change is always related to past experience. In this article it is argued that the spatial organization of the earliest towns in Scandinavia, in spite of their novelty, reflected old concepts and beliefs. The hypothesis is that the placing of buildings, the parcelling out of plots etc. in a Viking Age town such as Birka, referred to still vital concepts of fertility, creativity and wealth —and the power over these things. One aspect of the argument is that there existed a metaphorical relationship between the fertile field in the countryside and the productive town plot, where skilful smiths created valuable things.
Re-creating the Past - On the Quality of Archaeological Reconstruction on Gotland
Authors: Petersson Bodil
Published: June 2021

Re-creating the past in full-scale, open-air reconstructions has been done for a long time, but the phenomenon has been accelerating and changing character during the last two decades. The article examines how the reconstruction activities are motivated. Explicit aims are contrasted with implicit motives inherent in reconstruction. Public utility is proposed as an important excuse for the reconstruction activities. As a consequence of the relationship between explicit aims and public utility, we get a rigid form of quality thinking that expresses elitism. Instead of fruitless criticism we can express more clearly what we expect from a reconstruction, and why. Examples used are taken from the island of Gotland in the Baltic Sea.
Paradoxes of Classical Archaeology
Authors: Siapkas Johannes
Published: June 2021

Classical archaeology is practised according to theoretical models formulated a century ago. The research goals of classical archaeology have been preserved as opposed to developed. This preservation can partly be explained by the ideologies that shape the discipline. In this article, some of the problems of classical archaeology are identified. Without giving any concrete solutions to the problems, the author argues that we need a profound discussion of the practice of classical archaeology in order to redefine and change the discipline.
Anthropomorphic Images at the Padjelanta Site, Northern Sweden: Rock Engravings in the Context of Sámi Myth and Ritual
Authors: Mulk Inga-Maria , Bayliss-Smith Tim
Published: June 2021

The paper discusses three phases of scratched images from the Padjelanta site of Sámi rock art in Laponia, northern Sweden. Pre-dating the middle phase of Viking Age/Medieval period sailing boats is a set of stylised anthopomorphs. These early images resemble certain petroglyphs from Alta, goddess motifs on Sami drums, and the Earth Mother figure in the Manrlajsmyths. Possible ritual contexts for the Padjelanta images are discussed, including autumn reindeer hunting, human burials, and smallscale quarrying for asbestos and soapstone. As a tentative hypothesis, a link between the early anthropomorphs and the Sami goddess Máttaráhkká is proposed.
Fields, Funerals and Furnaces: On the Use of Fire during the Pre-Roman Iron Age on the Island of Gotland
Authors: Arnberg Anna
Published: June 2021

By studying the material culture of the island of Gotland, one can conclude that the use of fire was integrated into the lives of the Pre-Roman people. Agricultural land was cleared by fire and cremation was a part of the burial tradition. Fire converted clay into ceramics, wood into charcoal and bog ore into iron. By being subjected to the flames human beings, objects and the landscape were created and/or trans formed. This paper presents fossilized field systems, burial grounds and areas with iron production as places for this physical transformation, as well as places for the creation of bonds between people.
Bones of the Earth: Imitation as Meaning in Viking Age Burial Ritual
Authors: Artelius Tore , Lindqvist Mats
Published: June 2021

From excavation results of a pre-Roman Iron Age and Viking Age burialgroundin Västergötland, an example is presented ofhow religious meaning became projected into Viking Age burial ritual through imitation of an already then ancient custom. The burial-ground was abandoned for a period of at least 600 hundred years in between the two periods. In the Pre-Roman Iron Age and Viking Age graves the custom of depositing flakes of firecracked natural stone was documented. From a Viking Age perspective the tradition was imitated and derived from the urnfield burial-grounds ofther late pre-Roman Iron Age. The authors link the Viking Age ritual behaviour  to the sagas, where stones are presented as symbolical representations of the human body and as cosmological parts of the skeleton that kept the earth together. In the interpretation it is argued that the very concrete use of older graves was essential in the Viking Age burial custom. In this specific example, the deposition of stones in the Viking Age ritual context is interpreted as a projection and representation of the past and the bodies of the dead.
Kossinna Meets the Nordic Archaeologists
Authors: Baudou Evert
Published: June 2021

The author discusses Montelius's, Aspelin's and Kossinna's ethnohistoric research and the development up to 1951.The starting point is a letter written by Kossinna in 1896 to Montelius in Stockholm. Kossinna's Siedlungsgeschichte and his tribal principle that cultural areas or cultural groups embodied a "Valk", are based on Montelius's paper from 1884/88 on the immigration ofthe ancestors of the Scandinavian peoples. Stringent European critics pointed out that Kossinna's method lacks any viable basis in theory. In spite of this the Scandinavian archaeologists continued the ethnohistoric tradition. In Finland there was marked criticism during the 1930s
Archaeology on the Air: Radio and Archaeology in Sweden 1925-1950
Authors: Gillberg Åsa
Published: June 2021

This paper is an exposition of a rather unusual material in our discipline, the radio broadcasts on archaeology in the 1930s and 40s. They have been analysed using the criteria formulated by Carl-Axel Moberg for studying the mediation of our discipline; who, how, what, why and to whom. The results show that most speakers were well-educated men, and that four major themes can be distinguished in their programmes. Along with experts from many other disciplines, they joined in the huge modemization project of this period in Swedish history, in which the radio played an important part. Finally, it is argued that studies of the processes surrounding the mediation ofarchaeology are necessary for an understanding ofthe changing relationship between pro fessionals and the public. Such studies might also benefit future analyses of the use of arguments based on conceptions of prehistory in public debate.
Mapping the North: Ethnicities, Territories and the Networks of Archaeology
Authors: Ojala Carl-Gösta
Published: June 2021

The Saami, the indigenous population of northern Fennoscandia, have constantly been conceptualized as the others in relation to the (pre-)history writing of the modern nation-states. Here, the discussion focuses on Saami archaeology and representations of Saami prehistory in Sweden. It is emphasized that all ethnic, national and territorial concepts are embedded in networks of power, and that the connections and separations behind the concepts need to be explored. In this article a relational network approach is suggested as an alternative to dualistic thinking about ethnicities and territories. Ethnicity is here seen as one set of relationships, interwoven into many networks stretching over time and space. The network approach is in part inspired by actor-network theory, which is briefly described together with some possible points of interest for archaeological studies.
The Mask(S) and Transformers of Historical Re-Enactment: Material Culture and Contemporary Vikings
Authors: Kobiałka Dawid
Published: June 2021

The paper discusses the role of material culture for his- torical re-enactors of the Viking Age. Three issues are analysed: (a) the clothing and accessories worn by a typical contemporary warrior, craftsman and woman of the Viking times and the range of goods available for purchase at historical re-enactment markets, (b) the active and transformative aspect of material culture for present-day Vikings, (c) the paradox of how mirroring the material past by historical re-enactors is actually a deeply ahistorical category. The main con- clusion of this study is that historical re-enactment of the Viking Age is essentially about material culture. The paper is based on observations made during the Viking Week that took place at the Museum of Fote- viken (Sweden) on 24–30 June 2013.
Ordinary or Extraordinary? Redressing the Problem of the Bronze Age Corded Skirt
Authors: Bergerbrant Sophie
Published: June 2021

This article uses previously overlooked evidence to discuss the social role of the Bronze Age corded skirt found in Scandinavia. This skirt type has been interpreted in many different ways through the years, from a summer dress to the attire of un­ married women, and more recently the popular la­ bel “ritual dress” has been applied. The aim of this article is to critically review the various interpreta­ tions of the use and social role of the corded skirt, drawing on the entire data set available for study rather than just a small sample of the known traces of corded skirts. Here it is shown that there is evi­ dence indicating that the corded skirt was used at more times, and by more people and age groups, than previously thought, suggesting that it might have been an ordinary, everyday garment rather than something extraordinary.
Water as a Hyperfact
Authors: Normark Johan
Published: June 2021

Most entities studied by archaeologists share the same basic necessary conditions. They are limited spatiotemporal units which are continuous within a human frame of sensorial reference. These en­ tities cannot dissolve into their constituent parts without affecting their function, capacity, and mor­ phology. Further, they usually occupy one phys­ ical state at a time. The hyperfact, on the other hand, is vastly distributed, it can dissolve into most of its parts without affecting its “essence”, and it can be in several physical states at the same time. Water is a typical hyperfact, existing on multiple scales, from molecules to the hydrological cycle. In this text I show how local manifestations of this hyperfact can be found in ceramics, architectural features, agriculture, water management systems, and regional settlements of the Cochuah region in southern Mexico.
The Social Qualia of Kuml – An Exploration of the Iconicity of Rune-Stones with Kuml Inscriptions from the Scandinavian Late Viking Age
Authors: Back Danielsson Ing-Marie
Published: June 2021

This article discusses qualitative experiences (qualia) of Scandinavian Late Viking Age rune- stones from a semiotically theorized perspective. Rune-stones with kuml inscriptions receive par- ticular attention. Despite the fact that kuml referred to different material entities, such as rune-stone, other standing stones, and/or grave, it is suggested that they resembled one another on iconic grounds. The quality associated with the multiple qualia was a sensation of safety that resulted in shared experi- ences that had positive social values. The article demonstrates that the semiotics of Peirce can be of great value to archaeologists who want to delve deeper into the social analysis of things.
Rock Procurement in the Early Neolithic in Southern Norway – Significance by Association with People and Places?
Authors: Nyland Astrid J.
Published: June 2021

Rocks and places of rock procurement can be sig- nificant beyond pragmatic reasons. In the Early Ne- olithic in southern Norway, specific rock types and quarries appear to have been deeply entangled in socio-political strategies that either bound people together or set people apart. Charted variations in the character of lithic procurement and distribu- tion indicate two parallel but diverging processes of “Neolithization” in the western and eastern region respectively. In the west, rhyolite from a quarry atop Mt. Siggjo was especially significant, demonstrated by the intense quarrying and wide distribution of rhyolite along the west coast. Indeed, in the west, certain quarries appear to have been regarded as nodal points, anchoring people’s sense of identity and belonging. In the east, imported flint gained a similar role because of its association with farm- ing and Funnel Beaker–related societies in south- ern Scandinavia. That is, rock was significant not only due to its physical qualities, but by its associa- tion with a specific place, social or cultural group.
How Interdisciplinary is Interdisciplinarity? Revisiting the Impact of aDNA Research for the Archaeology of Human Remains
Authors: Ion Alexandra
Published: June 2021

With this paper I propose a reflection on the way interdisciplinarity is framed in reference to the study of archaeological human remains. It is often taken for granted that interdisciplinarity is valuable for archaeology – but why should it be? By taking the case study of the way ancient genomics research is rewriting the ‘Neolithic Revolution’ narratives I show how the use of scientific methodologies in- fluences and biases the kind of work that gets done and the questions that are asked.