bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Land subsidence inversion method application for salt mining-induced rock mass movement
Authors: Hejmanowski Ryszard , Malinowska Agnieszka A.
Published: October 2017

The modeling of strains and deformations in salt mine areas encounters considerable difficulties because of the varying strength properties of salt, the complex morphological build of dome deposits and the rheological properties of salt. These properties have impacted the development of salt extraction for hundreds of years and the fact that the accurate determining of strains in a given specified moment and place are burdened with high uncertainty. Numerical modeling is useful when the model is reduced to one or several salt chambers. A broader range of underground post mining void considerably lowers the accuracy and efficiency of the calculations of such models. Stochastic models allow for a 3D modeling of the entire mining complex deposit, provided the model has been parametrized in detail. The methods of strains and deformations modeling were presented on the example of one of the biggest salt mines in Europe, where a volume of over 21 million m3 of salt was extracted. The stochastic model could be parametrized thanks to the documented results of measurements of convergence of the underground mining panels and leveling on the surface. The use of land subsidence inversion in the least squares method allowed for estimating the optimum values of parameters of the model. Ground deformation modeling was performed using the two-parameter time function, which allows for a simulation to be carried out in time. In the simulation, the convergence of underground excavations and the transition in time the effects of convergence into ground subsidence was taken into account. The detailed analysis of the geological conditions lead to modeling deviation of the subsidence trough. The accuracy of the modeling results was qualitatively and quantitatively confirmed by a comparison of the modeled to measured values of the vertical ground movement. The scaled model can be applied in future mining extraction projects in order to predict the strains and deformations for an arbitrary moment in time.
Methodology of assignment of Mineral Deposits of Public Importance proposed by MINATURA2020 Project and results of its pilot testing in the Dolnośląskie Province (SW Poland)
Authors: Kot-Niewiadomska Alicja , Galos Krzysztof , Lewicka Ewa , Burkowicz Anna , Kamyk Jarosław , Szlugaj Jarosław
Published: October 2017

MINATUR A2020 project’s aim is to develop a concept and multi-dimensional methodology of assignment and - in a consequence - of safeguarding the Mineral Deposits of Public Importance (MDoPI) at European (EU), country (CL ) and regional/local level (RL ), in order to ensure their optimal use for future needs of the society. MDoPI assignment methodology proposed within MINATUR A2020 project, was tested within a few EU regions, including Dolnośląskie Province in Poland, where undeveloped deposits were verified. Initially, deposits of 4 selected groups of minerals were tested: magmatic and metamorphic crushed and dimension stone (144 deposits), feldspar raw materials (6 deposits), kaolin (11 deposits), and glass sand (7 deposits). In the following step, the deposits of the highest or medium class of geological features were chosen, i.e. 73 mineral deposits with indicated and/or measured resources, including: 50 deposits of magmatic and metamorphic crushed and dimension stone, 6 deposits of feldspar raw materials, 10 deposits of kaolin and 7 deposits of glass sand. Finally, according to assumed MDoPI methodology, 10 of 50 tested deposits of crushed and dimension stone were qualified as MDoPI-CL , while another 20 deposits as MDoPI-RL , 5 of 6 deposits of feldspar raw materials were ranked as MDoPI-CL , while 1 deposit as MDoPI-RL, 2 of 10 kaolin deposits were categorised as MDoPI-CL , while the remaining 8 deposits MDoPI-RL , and all of 7 tested deposits of glass sand were qualified as MDoPI-RL . In total, from among 73 verified deposits, 17 deposits were proposed as MDoPI-CL , whereas 36 deposits were qualified as potential MDoPI-RL . On the basis of performed testing, it can be concluded that the main strength of proposed methodology is the possibility to use multi-criterion methodology containing a number of geological-mining, environmental and spatial factors, giving possibility to categorization of deposits according to their economic importance (EU, country and regional level) for their further safeguarding. Moreover, if legal system of mineral deposits safeguarding is efficiently introduced in Poland, this methodology will be a useful tool for selecting the most valuable mineral deposits that should be protected.
UrhWissG – das neue Wissenschaftsurheberrecht bleibt regulierungstechnisch überspezifisch problematisch
Authors: Kuhlen Rainer
Published: September 2017

Das am 30. Juni 2017 im Bundestag beschlossene sogenannte Urheberrechts-Wissensgesellschafts-Gesetz (UrhWissG) wird aus der Perspektive von Bildung und Wissenschaft diskutiert. UrhWissG ist eine Reaktion auf die offensichtlichen Probleme mit den bestehenden, auf Bildung und Wissenschaft bezogenen Bestimmungen des Urheberrechts. Auf diese Probleme wird in Abschnitt 2 eingegangen. Die vorgesehenen neuen Schrankenregelungen werden im Detail vorgestellt (Abschnitt 3) und kritisch (ablehnend und konstruktiv weiterführend) diskutiert (Abschnitt 4). UrhWissG wird zu einigen Verbesserung für die Nutzung publizierten Wissens führen und allgemein für Rechtssicherheit sorgen. Der Vorrang von Schrankenregelungen gegenüber Lizenzangeboten der Verlagswirtschaft und die Pauschalvergütung für die schrankenbedingte Nutzung von Werken bzw. Teilen von ihnen sind im Gesetz festgeschrieben. Dennoch bleibt die von der Koalition an sich versprochene Allgemeine Bildungs- und Wissenschaftsschranke (ABWS) in Form einer generellen Klausel weiter eine Herausforderung für die politische Regulierung. Offenbar war die Zeit für eine umfassendere Reform des Wissenschaftsurheberrechts noch nicht gekommen. (Abschnitt 5). In der abschließenden Gesamtbewertung (Abschnitt 6) wird davor gewarnt, das nun beschlossene Wissenschaftsurheberrecht erst einmal als befriedet einschätzen, so dass es auf längere Zeit nicht mehr auf die politische Agenda kommen müssen. Es bleibt abzuwarten, ob durch die (derzeit weiter noch intensiv diskutierte) Vorgabe einer Urheberrechts-Richtlinie der EU ein Umsetzungszwang in den EU-Mitgliedsländern entsteht, dem sich auch Deutschland nicht entziehen kann. Der Fokus richtet sich jetzt auf die EU. Im Anhang (Abschnitt 7 und 8) werden die Texte der acht neuen Schrankenregelungen sowie die Änderungen mit Blick auf die Nationalbibliothek aufgeführt.
Zusammenführung mehrerer Thesauri zu einem gemeinsamen Begriffssystem
Authors: Dunckel Pea
Published: September 2017

Im Zeitalter der digitalen Vernetzung und im Zuge zunehmend interdisziplinärer und internationaler Forschungsbestrebungen gewinnt die Interoperabilität von Informationssystemen stärker an Bedeutung. Ein wichtiger Schritt, um diese Interoperabilität zu erreichen und einen zentralen Zugang zu verteilten Systemen zu ermöglichen, liegt in der Zusammenführung der jeweiligen Erschließungsinstrumente der Informationssysteme. Eine Integration der verschiedenen kontrollierten Vokabulare erlaubt einen Datenaustausch zwischen den diversen Informationssystemen. Außerdem ermöglicht und vereinfacht sie eine systemübergreifende Recherche über mehrere Datenbanken, ohne dass eine Suchanfrage mehrmals formuliert oder umformuliert werden muss. Es existieren unterschiedliche Methoden und Instrumente sowie Strukturmodelle, mit denen eine Thesaurusintegration durchgeführt werden kann. Die am weitesten verbreitete Methode, das Mapping, ist sogar als ISO-Norm formuliert. Bei einer Thesauruszusammenführung können diverse Probleme auftreten. Jedoch gibt es Lösungsansätze, mit denen den Herausforderungen begegnet werden kann.
The Difference Principle, Capitalism, and Property-Owning Democracy
Authors: Lister Andrew
Published: September 2017

Jason Brennan and John Tomasi have argued that if we focus on income alone, the Difference Principle supports welfare-state capitalism over property-owning democracy, because capitalism maximizes long run income growth for the worst off. If so, the defense of property-owning democracy rests on the priority of equal opportunity for political influence and social advancement over raising the income of the worst off, or on integrating workplace control into the Difference Principle’s index of advantage. The thesis of this paper is that even based on income alone, the Difference Principle is not as hostile to property-owning democracy as it may seem, because the Difference Principle should not be interpreted to require maximizinglong runincome growth. The main idea is that it is unfair to make the present worst off accept inequality that doesn’t benefit them, for the sake of benefitting the future worst off, if the future worst off will be better off than they are anyway.
Sosnowsky’s hogweed – current environmental problem
Authors: Chmielewski Jarosław , Pobereżny Jarosław , Florek-Łuszczki Magdalena , Żeber-Dzikowska Ilona , Szpringer Monika
Published: October 2017

Sosnowsky’s hogweed was brought to Poland as a silage plant for cattle in the mid-20th century from the Caucasus. It was grown mainly in National Farms. However, the hogweed quickly spread across the natural environment. It is a highly invasive plant and possesses strong burning qualities. Every year many people suffer from its burns. The hogweed is also dangerous for animals. Being an invasive species, it displaces natural plant species of the native flora. It can threaten the flora and landscape of a particular area. The aim of the article is to present the problem including the frequency of occurrence of Sosnowsky’s hogweed in Poland, to show the negative effects for human health and the methods to fight it in its habitat.
Welfare State Development in Developing Nations: The Relationship between Organised Labour and International Organisations
Authors: Bhuiyan Md. Mahmudur Rahman
Published: September 2017

This article examines welfare state development and welfare programming in the least-developed nations using the frameworks of power resources theory and world society theory. Power resources theory emphasises the role of organised labour in social policy reforms and distributional decisions, while world society theory focuses on the role of international organisations in welfare programming in developing nations. Through a case study focusing on Bangladesh, this article examines the relative importance of labour movement and international organisations in shaping social welfare policies and programmes in developing nations. While the study finds both theories relevant and useful in the context of developing nations, it suggests that international organisations are less likely to compensate for a weak labour movement in promoting labour rights and policy reforms that are friendly to the working class in those nations.
The New Global Labour Studies: A Critical Review
Authors: Brookes Marissa , McCallum Jamie K.
Published: September 2017

The past two decades have seen a dramatic upsurge in sustained, cross-border labour activism, or labour transnationalism. Scattered across multiple disciplines and subfields, a new field of inquiry – the new global labour studies (NGLS) – has emerged as scholars seek to comprehend the causes and consequences of twenty-first-century labour transnationalism. This multi-disciplinary approach has provided a platform from which to analyse an emerging phenomenon. We assess relevant strands of this emerging field that focus on: a) new theories of labour power and corporate vulnerability, and b) worker agency and organising strategy. While these areas have produced robust findings, we argue that developing a more complete understanding of labour transnationalism and its outcomes will require scholars to produce a more explicit critique of mainstream political economy, sociology, political science and labour studies.
3D Quasi-Static Strengths and Elastic Constants of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polyester Composite Extracted From a Wind Turbine Blade
Authors: Kotik H. G. , Perez Ipiña J. E.
Published: October 2017

Quasi-static strengths and elastic constants were measured in three dimensions (3D) for a glass fiber reinforced polyester. The sample was extracted from a block of material discarded during the construction of a wind turbine blade. The properties were evaluated in tension, compression, and shear stress employing guidelines of ASTM standards when possible. In-plane results were compared to in-plane coupons. Instead, the measured out-of-plane properties were compared with similar materials taken from the literature. The elastic orthotropic model was verified comparing the symmetric coefficients of the compliance matrix. These coefficients did not show large differences in tension, whereas differences were large in compression and shear. The resulting in-plane strengths were smaller than in coupons.
Using Linkage Maps as a Tool To Determine Patterns of Chromosome Synteny in the Genus Salvelinus
Authors: Hale Matthew C , McKinney Garrett J , Bell Courtney L , Nichols Krista M
Published: September 2017

Next generation sequencing techniques have revolutionized the collection of genome and transcriptome data from nonmodel organisms. This manuscript details the application of restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) to generate a marker-dense genetic map for Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis). The consensus map was constructed from three full-sib families totaling 176 F1 individuals. The map consisted of 42 linkage groups with a total female map size of 2502.5 cM, and a total male map size of 1863.8 cM. Synteny was confirmed with Atlantic Salmon for 38 linkage groups, with Rainbow Trout for 37 linkage groups, Arctic Char for 36 linkage groups, and with a previously published Brook Trout linkage map for 39 linkage groups. Comparative mapping confirmed the presence of 8 metacentric and 34 acrocentric chromosomes in Brook Trout. Six metacentric chromosomes seem to be conserved with Arctic Char suggesting there have been at least two species-specific fusion and fission events within the genus Salvelinus. In addition, the sex marker (sdY; sexually dimorphic on the Y chromosome) was mapped to Brook Trout BC35, which is homologous with Atlantic Salmon Ssa09qa, Rainbow Trout Omy25, and Arctic Char AC04q. Ultimately, this linkage map will be a useful resource for studies on the genome organization of Salvelinus, and facilitates comparisons of the Salvelinus genome with Salmo and Oncorhynchus.
Experimental study action autostrains Aerococcus viridans on the model Pseudomonas infection
Authors: Stepanskyi D. O. , Kremenchutskyi G. M. , Koshova I. P.
Published: September 2017

The paper presents the results of a study of the action of Aerococcus autostrains on the model of a chronic blue pus infection. For the study of the action of Aerococcus autosymbiont strains on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, three of the most biochemically and antagonistically active isolates were selected: 1) 5m2015 (isolated from mice); 2) 3k2015 (isolated from rats); 3) 3ch2015 (isolated from humans). Experiments were conducted on 84 white outbred mice weighing 16–17 g, 60 were used as the experimental, and 24 as the control group. In the experimental group of animals, infected wounds were treated by Aerococcus autosymbiont strains once daily (0.2 billion ml–1) till recovery. The drug was administered under the eschar with a syringe. In the control animals the wound was treated by isotonic sodium chloride solution (concentration 0.9%) with the same route of administration and for the same period of time. It was found that from the very first days of application of Aerococci autosymbiont strains, perifocal inflammation was less severe in most animals in the research group compared with the control group. Starting from the fourth day of usage of Aerococcus autosymbiont strains the number of pseudomonades, contained in secretions from wounds in the experimental group of mice was significantly lower than in the control animals. It was revealed that in case of application of Aerococcus strain (5m2015) isolated from mice, the animals had better indicators of recovery, dynamics of local clinical signs of inflammation and the number of pseudomonades contained in the wound in comparison with other Aerococcus autostrains isolated from rats and humans. The wounds purified from pus and covered with dry eschar faster. For example, wounds completely healed with dry eschar rejection by the 11th day of observation in 44 of 58 surviving mice (75.9%). In the control group a similar pattern was observed in only 3 of 17 mice (17.6%) by the that period. The number of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (equivalent to 1 ml of secretions wounds), expressed in logarithms, was 5.00 ± 0.16 on average on the 4th day in the treated mice, while the control group had the same amount of pseudomonades detected in the wounds (lg 5.22 ± 0.38; lg 5.12 ± 0.30) only on the 13–14th days of observation. We found different activity of strains, depending on the origin of microorganism and type host. Aerococcus viridians autosymbionts showed higher rates in the study of their activity in terms of the blue pus infection model in the treatment of the host and lower activity in treatment.of other species. The obtained data may warrant further study of application of Aerococcus autostrains for treatment and prevention of wound infection caused by pseudomonades.
Biotype characterization of Staphylococcus aureus from milk and dairy products of private production in the western regions of Ukraine
Authors: Kukhtyn M. D. , Horyuk Y. V. , Horyuk V. V. , Yaroshenko T. Y. , Vichko O. I. , Pokotylo O. S.
Published: September 2017

Prevention of foodborne diseases is a priority for the world health system. In the process of manufacturing milk and dairy products, the most important factor endangering their safety is seeding with a conditionally pathogenic and pathogenic microflora. Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Listeria and other microorganisms that reproduce in dairy products without changing their organoleptic properties are a particular danger. Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic, conditionally pathogenic microorganism that often contaminates raw milk and dairy products. The aim of the research presented in this article was to determine the dissemination of S. aureus in milk and milk products of household production in the western regions of Ukraine, to identify the biotypes of S. aureus, production of enterotoxins and the presence of methicillin-resistant strains. S. aureus was isolated on BD Baird-Parker Agar. The biotypes of S. aureus were determined according to Meer. The determination of MRSA was carried out on the chromogenic Agar chromID MRSA ("Biomerioux", Russia). The mecA gene was determined using the LightCycler MRSA Advanced Test with LightCycler 2.0 primer (Roche Molecular Biochemicals, Germany). To determine staphylococcal enterotoxins, the test system RIDASCREENSET A, B, C, D, E (R-Biopharm AG, Darmstadt, Germany) was used. We isolated saprophyte staphylococci from milk of raw and dairy products in western regions of Ukraine in 82.7–97.4% of samples. S. aureus is much more rarely isolated from these dairy products, so it was isolated from sour cream at 62.8 ± 0.9%, from milk at 35.5 ± 1.3% and cottage cheese at 23.0 ± 1.6%. Of the most well0known biotypes of S. aureus present in milk of raw and dairy products of domestic production, two ecological types were distinguished: human and cattle. In this case S. aureus var. hominis was isolated more often than in S. aureus var. bovis. This gives grounds to believe that the main source of contamination with milk staphylococci of raw and dairy products of domestic production is people. Enterotoxin type A, which causes foodborne toxemia, was produced by S. aureus in 40.0 ± 0.5% of cases. Consequently, home-produced dairy products can spread staphylococcal toxicity caused by S. aureus var. hominis. It was found that 17.8 ± 0.6% of S. aureus var. hominis were resistant to methicillin, which is 1.8 times greater than that of S. aureus var. bovis. This gives grounds to consider that there is a risk of MRSA infection to consumers of home-produced dairy products. All methicillin-resistant staphylococci studied produced enterotoxins.
The influence of Metisevit on biochemical and morphological indicators of blood of piglets under nitrate loading
Authors: Gutyj B. , Leskiv K. , Shcherbatyy A. , Pritsak V. , Fedorovych V. , Fedorovych O. , Rusyn V.
Published: September 2017

The article presents the results of research on the influence of the developed complex preparation Metisevit on the dynamics of morphological and biochemical blood indicators of piglets under nitrate loading. The research established that sodium nitrate intoxication causes disbalance of the physiological level of hematological indicators of the tested animals’ organisms. This was indicated by the manifestations of subclinical chronic nitrate-nitrite toxicosis: the increase in the level of nitrates, nitrites and methemoglobin in the blood. After prolonged feeding of the piglets with sodium nitrate at a dose of 0.3 g nitrate ion/kg, the concentration of nitrates and nitrites in the blood serum reached its maximum on the 60th day of the experiment. Also, the number of leukocytes and erythrocytes in the blood increased, and the activity of aspartate- and alanineaminotransferase in the blood serum increased. We rank the extent of liver intoxication with nitrates according to intensity of aminotransferase in the blood serum of the tested piglets. The normalization of morphological and biochemical indicators of blood of piglets under nitrate-nitrite intoxication requires usage of a preparation which contains vitamins, zeolites and antioxidants. If the fodder contains high doses of nitrates, 1.0 mg/kg dose of Metisevit is added to the fodder for preventing subclinical nitrate-nitrite toxicosis. Metisevit contains the following agents: phenozan acid, methionine, zeolite, selenium, vitamins E and C. The research conducted proved the feasibility of using Metisevit for preventing chronic nitrate-nitrite toxicosis in piglets. This preparation caused a decrease in the concentration of nitrates, nitrites and in the level of methemoglobin in the blood of piglets. Usage of Metisevit on piglets showed normalization of the number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin in the blood on the 10th day, and normalization of ASAT and ALAT on 30th and 90th days. The mechanism of Metisevit activity is connected with the direct contribution of its elements to the inhibition of the processes of absorbing metabolites which cause a toxic effect on the cell membranes of an animal’s organism. The absorbing activity of zeolite leads to decrease in concentration of agents which can be substrates for processes of peroxidation of lipids in the alimentary canal, and also to elimination of toxic pro-oxidant metabolites from the blood. This process occurs through osmosis and diffusion of these elements in the capillaries of microvilli of the small intestine and through their further fixation on sorbent granules.
Metas de socialização da emoção: um estudo de mães residentes no meio rural
Authors: Fonseca Bianca Reis , Cavalcante Lília Iêda Chaves , Mendes Deise Maria Leal Fernandes
Published: September 2017

Este estudo investigou as metas de socialização da emoção de 40 mães de crianças, com idade entre 1 e 35 meses, residentes num município do interior do estado do Pará. Foram utilizados os seguintes instrumentos para a coleta de dados: Formulário de Identificação dos Participantes (FIP), Formulário de Dados Sociodemográficos (FDSD) e Questionário de Metas de Socialização da Emoção (QMSE). Empregou-se a análise temática categorial para o tratamento dos dados do questionário. As frequências de respostas dos participantes para cada categoria e os dados sociodemográficos foram analisados de maneira descritiva. Constatou-se que a maioria das mães mencionou metas relacionadas à automaximização (47,7%) e à emotividade (19,3%). Além disso, a maior parte destas ressaltou a preocupação de exercer um papel ativo no desenvolvimento emocional dos filhos (44,7%), contribuindo diretamente para que a criança adquira características emocionais desejadas a partir do aconselhamento e exemplos diários (69,7%). Tais resultados sugerem que as mães, no meio rural, permanecem na companhia da criança durante um longo período de sua rotina diária, por isso, tendem a transmitir com mais intensidade certas emoções (felicidade, amabilidade e afetividade ao próximo), além de auxiliar na compreensão das experiências emocionais vivenciadas na infância. Nessa lógica, constata-se que as etnoteorias parentais prototípicas do contexto rural influenciam as mães na definição das metas de socialização da emoção, e, por esta razão, sugere-se novos estudos que possam captar suas permanências e mudanças.
Ajudar o próximo ou ser recompensado? Comportamento distributivo infantil em situações envolvendo mérito e altruísmo
Authors: Sampaio Leonardo Rodrigues , Camino Cleonice Pereira dos Santos
Published: September 2017

Crianças usam diferentes princípios para partilhar bens, a depender de suas idades e das informações disponíveis no contexto de distribuição, com uma tendência ao igualitarismo e altruísmo maiores à medida que suas idades avançam. No presente estudo o comportamento distributivo infantil foi avaliado em uma situação experimental na qual questões envolvendo o mérito pessoal e o cuidado com o próximo eram manipuladas. Foi utilizado um jogo computacional no qual a criança nomeava animais e podia decidir como a recompensa deveria ser dividida entre ela e seu adversário. Foi observado que as crianças entre 11 e 12 anos e aquelas que receberam informações sobre como o seu adversário de jogo ficaria após perder a partida tenderam a ser mais generosas. Ademais, crianças com maiores níveis de empatia foram menos egoístas. Esses resultados são discutidos a partir da teoria de Martin Hoffman e de achados empíricos recentes no campo da justiça distributiva.
Violência obstétrica em mulheres brasileiras
Authors: Palma Carolina Coelho , Donelli Tagma Marina Scheiner
Published: September 2017

Esta pesquisa objetivou verificar a ocorrência de violência obstétrica em mulheres brasileiras. Realizou-se um estudo quantitativo, descritivo, transversal, de alcance correlacional e preditivo, utilizando-se o Questionário de Violência no Parto. Os dados foram coletados por acesso online ao questionário. Realizou-se análise descritiva, de correlação e de regressão, através do programa SPSS. Participaram da pesquisa 1626 mulheres adultas. Os resultados apontam que durante o parto 52,3% das gestantes sentiu-se inferior, vulnerável e insegura; 49,8% sentiu-se exposta e sem privacidade. A vivência de violência no parto apresentou correlação significativa com idade, escolaridade e renda familiar. Através da análise de regressão múltipla, verificou-se 12 práticas de atendimento ao parto que mostraram-se preditores significativos de violência no parto, explicando 34,9% da vivência de violência obstétrica. Percebe-se que intervenções desnecessárias são realizadas em nome de uma falsa impressão de que, quanto mais se intervém, mais se cuida.
Animal hoarding disorder: a systematic review
Authors: Paloski Luis Henrique , Ferreira Elisa Arrienti , Costa Dalton Breno , Huerto María Laura del , Oliveira Camila Rosa de , Argimon Irani Iracema De Lima , Irigaray Tatiana Quarti
Published: September 2017

O objetivo principal deste artigo foi identificar estudos que investigaram o transtorno de acumulação de animais. Além disso, buscou verificar as características sociodemográficas dos indivíduos com esse transtorno, as condições do ambiente e dos animais, quantidade e espécies de animais acumulados, critérios diagnósticos e as intervenções terapêuticas utilizadas. Analisou-se artigos empíricos ou documentais, redigidos na língua inglesa, espanhola ou portuguesa, sem restritor de tempo. Dentre os 75 artigos encontrados, analisou-se nove artigos. Observou-se que os acumuladores, são do sexo feminino e acumulam em média, mais de 30 animais. As condições das habitações eram insalubres, e os animais mais acumulados são cães e gatos. O transtorno produz grande sofrimento para o indivíduo, para sua família e também para os animais. Conclui-se que devido à carência estudos empíricos sobre a temática, pesquisas necessitam ser realizadas para sanar essa lacuna e, consequentemente, construir estratégias de intervenções.
Cultural value and urban governance
Authors: Martin Declan
Published: October 2017

A city of diverse use and function is predicated on informed urban policymaking that can equitably negotiate competing economic and cultural uses of urban space. I investigate such urban policymaking in relation to liquor licensing and its mediating effect between venue-based live music and amenable residential and business districts in Melbourne, Australia. Firstly, I explore the positive externalities that flow from the operations of urban music venues, specifically the Tote Hotel and its integral place in Melbourne’s music community. Secondly, I examine how such value can be integrated with policymaking spheres that are typically dominated by economic considerations, analysing a specific instance of participatory urban governance that developed around liquor licensing in Melbourne. I conclude by evaluating the role of political agendas in achieving favourable cultural policy outcomes, inferring that cultural organizations with less political and economic relevance may be excluded from the policymaking process and, thus, the shaping of urban space.
ВПЛИВ КОНКУРЕНТОСПРОМОЖНОСТІ ПЕРСОНАЛУ НА ПРИВАБЛИВІСТЬ ХАРЧОВОГО БІЗНЕСУ
Authors: Ліпова О. Л. , Євтушок О. В.
Published: October 2017

У статті розглянуто та обґрунтовано закономірний і безумовний взаємозв’язок таких ринковихкатегорій, як «привабливість харчового бізнесу» та «конкурентоспроможність персоналу». Персонал,що є задіяним у цьому виді бізнесу, формує певні рівні іміджу, конкурентоспроможності та адаптив-ності підприємства на ринку серед споживачів, клієнтів та конкурентів.
THE NEW LOOK AT NEUTROPHILIC GRANULOCYTES: RETHINKING OLD DOGMAS. PART 1
Authors: Nesterova I. V. , Kolesnikova N. V. , Chudilova G. A. , Lomtatidze L. V. , Kovaleva S. V. , Evglevsky A. A. , Nguyen T.D. L.
Published: September 2017

Numerous modern basic research done undeniable fact that neutrophilic granulocytes (NG) are key effector and regulatory circuits both innate and adaptive immunity, and play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of a wide range of diseases. NG have potent receptor repertoire, providing a connection between them, cells of the immune system, as well as communication with endothelial cells, epithelial and other tissues. NG inducing stimuli activate and promote the translocation of cytoplasmic granules and vesicles surface molecules on the cytoplasmic membrane the secretion of a large spectrum of pro-and anti-inf lammatory, immunoregulatory cytokines, colony, angiogenic factors and fibrogenic, TNF superfamily members, chemokines, regulatory protein, etc. Chromatin nuclei NG capable of restructuring under the influence of inducing stimuli, which is associated with the expression of multiple cytokine genes. NG receiving complex cytokine inf luence not only acquire new features, but also in various stages of activation and differentiation processes involved in intracellular intraphagosomalis degranulation and killing of implementing elimination microorganisms and extracellular neutrophil degranulation in the formation neutrophil extracellular traps (NET), while this dying through NETosis. Features NG phenotype and their functional properties, demonstrate the existence of subpopulations of NG with different capabilities: equipment of different receptor, the ability to restructure chromatin expressing cytokine genes and secrete cytokines to implement the contents of the granular system, produce reactive oxygen species, implement cytotoxicity form NET. In our opinion, there subpopulation NG: regulatory; suppressor; proinf lammatory — initiating an inf lammatory response; inf lammation with a positive potential microbicidal (antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal); inf lammatory cytotoxic potential of the negative  — “aggressive”; anti-inf lammation regulating regression; antitumoral — TAN1; pro-tumoral — TAN2; hybrid, combining the characteristics of NG and dendritic cells. The absence of adequate response, or hyperactivation blockade NG functions leads to the development of low-intensity infectious and inf lammatory diseases, do not respond to conventional therapy of autoimmune diseases/chronic immune-dependent processes. Remodeling dysfunctions NG — the key to new immunotherapeutic strategies.
MOLECULAR BACKGROUND OF FLUOROQUINOLONE RESISTANCE IN PATHOGENIC HUMAN MYCOPLASMAS
Authors: Vaganova A. N.
Published: September 2017

Human mycoplasma pathogens are resistant to many types of antibiotics because of the lack of a cell wall. Macrolides are most often used for the treatment of mycoplasmosis, but the spread of forms resistant to these antibiotics requires the use of alternative treatment regimens, in particular, the administration of f luoroquinolones and tetracyclines. Of the existing antimicrobial compounds, only f luoroquinolones have a bactericidal effect against mycoplasmas, so use of these antimicrobials is preferable for the treatment of immunosuppressed patients. The limitation of the f luoroquinolones is the resistance of the causative agent to these antimicrobials. Mutations leading to amino acid substitutions in the composition of the targets of f luoroquinolones, gyrase and topoisomerase IV are the most common cause of resistance to f luoroquinolones both in mycoplasms and in other bacteria. It was noted that for mycoplasmas belonging to different species have different patterns of substitutions in the subunits of gyrase and topoisomerase IV. The differences of the structure of these proteins, ref lected in the natural susceptibility to f luoroquinolones in mycoplasmas, may be a reason of this heterogeneity. A number of studies indicate the existence of additional resistance mechanisms, which, first of all, include multiple-resistance systems. Such systems belonging to the ABC-transporter group were also found in mycoplasmas. They are described in Mycoplasma hominis and M. pneumoniae, in M. hominis, their ability to excrete f luoroquinolones from the cells was observed, and in M. pneumoniae the ability of multiple-resistance systems to export macrolides also was noted. Genes encoding components of multiple resistance systems have been found in genomes of other species, including M. genitalium and mycoplasmas, causing animal diseases. Also, in the non-pathogenic for human mycoplasmas Acholeplasma laidlawii, the ability to export proteins and genetic material associated with resistance to f luoroquinolones was found. Understanding the role of the mutations, the activity of transports and their cumulative effect in the development of resistance to f luoroquinolones is particularly important in the context of the determination of resistance to f luoroquinolones in difficult to culture pathogens M. genitalium and M. pneumoniae. Molecular methods for determining the resistance to antimicrobials are now included in clinical practice, but the lack of information about the molecular bases of mycoplasma resistance makes the result insufficiently informative for the pathogens of this group. In the review, the features of the development of resistance to f luoroquinolones in various species of human pathogenic mycoplasmas and their mechanisms at molecular level will be described.
COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA PNEUMOCOCCAL ETIOLOGY AND MICROBIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF NASOPHARYNGEAL CARRIAGE IN CHILDREN IN THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN
Authors: Bayazitova L. T. , Tyupkina O. F. , Chazova T. A. , Tyurin Y. A. , Isaeva G. S. , Zaripova A. Z. , Patyashina M. А. , Avdonina L. G. , Yuzlibaeva L. R.
Published: September 2017

Prevalence estimate of pneumococcus carrier in preschool age children (medically fragile children with respiratory diseases and practically healthy organized children) have been carried out; microbiological features of clinical isolates S. pneumoniae have been studied. 511 S. pneumoniae strains isolated from medically fragile children with respiratory diseases aged between 6 months to 7 years during the period 2009–2016 and 47 isolates isolated from 200 practically healthy children attending preschool institutions of Kazan (2016) have been included in the research. Among 343 strains, 76 isolates were isolated during the period of 2009–2011; 82 strains — in 2012–2013; 87 strains — in 2014; 98 strains — in 2015; 168 strains — in 2016. Analysis of microbiocenosis of nasopharynx in medically fragile children showed that S. pneumoniae was sowed in 32.9% cases. In 58.4% of children it was as a monoculture (degree of colonization is 104–106  CFU/ml). S. pneumoniae contaminated nasopharynx in bacterial associations with other respiratory pathogens (S. aureus, Moraxella spp., Haemophilus spp.) in 41.6% of children. The analysis of microbiocenosis character of nasopharynx in children aged between 2.5–7 years attending preschool institutions in Kazan (n = 200) have showed that contamination S. pneumoniae (23.5%) was observed in 47 children. Pneumococcus have been isolated in monoculture in 82.9% of children; the contamination degree made 103–106 CFU/ml. According to serotyping data, nasopharynx of often and long-term ill children living in Kazan is colonized by serotypes of pneumococcus which are covered with 13 valence conjugated serum. The obtained data on the dynamics of strain S. pneumoniae antibiotic sensitivity among medically fragile children with respiratory diseases in Kazan during 2009–2015 showed high activity of β-lactams antibiotics (from 96 to 90.8% sensitive isolates) and clyndamicin (94.7–91.8% sensitive straines). Macrolides (azytromicin, clarytromicin) and phtorchinolons (ciprof loxacin) are less active in regard to isolates S. рneumoniae. S. pneumoniae with multiple antibiotic resistance were detected in children nasopharynx: 3.8–9.95 in medically fragile children and 8.5% in organized children-bactericides. Identification of the carrier level S. pneumoniae and monitoring the dynamics on antibiotic resistance and serotyping composition of nasopharyngeal pneumococcus will optimize prevention and treatment of infections S. pneumoniae in preschool children.
EFFICACY OF GENERIC DRUG WARTOCID® (IMIQUIMOD 5% CREAM FOR EXTERNAL USE) IN ANOGENITAL WARTS TREATMENT
Authors: Smirnova V. S. , Petlenkoa S. V. , Savelyeva S. A. , Redlichb G. , Stukana N. I.
Published: September 2017

Aim. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the generic drug Wartocid® (Imiquimod cream 5% for external use) in patients with external anogenital (venereal) warts (AGW). Materials and methods. The single-blind comparative, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial included 50 women aged 18 to 60 with an established clinical diagnosis of AGW in the vulva and perianal region. Patients in group 1 received placebo cream for external use, while patients in group 2 received therapy with Wartoсid in a daily dose of 10 mg cream/cm2  of skin area. The drug was applied every other day until the complete disappearance of AGW, but in any case, not more than 16 weeks. A follow-up was carried out for 4 more weeks. The study evaluated the dynamics of subjective and objective symptoms, the presence and the frequency of relapses, and the percentage of full treatment of AGW.Main results. Treatment with Wartoсid resulted in a complete cure of AGW in 16% of patients, and a reduction in the focus area of AGW in 36% of patients. Against the background of the placebo no dynamics of the disease were reached. Neither serious adverse events nor clinically significant changes in blood tests, urine or serum biochemical parameters in any of the patients who received treatment with Wartoсid were observed. Conclusion. The generic drug Wartocid has been proved to be effective and safe for AGW treatment and its effectiveness is similar to the original drug Aldara® (Imiquimod cream 5% for external use).
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE JOINT THERAPEUTIC ACTION OF LACTOGLOBULIN AND SALLMONELLA BACTERIOPHAGE
Authors: Aleksanina N. V. , Moiseyeva O. V.
Published: September 2017

The wide spread of drug-resistant forms of the pathogens, complicating prevention and treatment of acute intestinal infections, determines the feasibility of using bacteriophages and immune lactoglobulins for antibacterial therapy of these diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial efficacy of the joint use of immune lactoglobulin and Salmonella bacteriophage in the treatment of experimental salmonellosis in mice. The experimental Salmonella infection was reproduced by means of a single intragastric administration of 2LD50 of daily agar culture of S.typhimurium. As a result, the development of Salmonella infection lasting up to 14 days was noted. The animals were divided into four groups according to the pattern of the treatment. The following preparations were used for the treatment of animals: «Lactoglobulin against opportunistic bacteria and Salmonella» dry cow, «Lactoglobulin» liquid, bacteriophage of Salmonella ABCDE groups, liquid. The preparations were daily administered to mice orally after the infection for 7 days. In the study of the joint therapeutic effect of the lactoglobulin and bacteriophage the special attention was paid to the terms of elimination of the pathogen from animal organs. Analysis of the data showed that in all four groups a positive dynamics of excretion of the pathogen of mice was revealed. In groups of animals that were treated with both drugs, the elimination of Salmonella out of organs occurred 1.5 times faster than in the control groups of mice. At the same time in the experimental groups on the third day of treatment with preparations the statistically significant decrease in the number of S.typhimurium in the contents of the large intestine of animal was revealed. The study found that immune lactoglobulin used simultaneously with Salmonella phage for 7 days reduced the severity and duration of the disease course and blocked the further development of the infectious process, promoted the efficient and rapid cleansing of animals organism of the pathogen, increased the survival of mice. The obtained data suggest the applicability of joint use of immune lactoglobulin preparations and bacteriophages in the treatment of acute intestinal infections caused by antibiotic-resistant strains of Salmonella.
Produtos naturais disponíveis comercialmente induzem o acúmulo de fitoalexinas em cotilédones de soja e mesocótilos de sorgo
Authors: Melo Thiago Anchieta de , Araújo Marcela Uli Peixoto , Serra Ilka Márcia Ribeiro de Souza , Pascholati Sérgio Florentino
Published: September 2017

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o potencial de diferentes doses do extrato da alga marinha Ascophyllum nodosum (AN), do fosfito de potássio (FP), do óleo de nim (ON) e do extrato pirolenhoso (EP), todos produtos naturais disponíveis comercialmente, em induzir o acúmulo de fitoalexinas em cotilédones de soja e mesocótilos de sorgo. Foram utilizadas 5 doses para cada produto, sendo: 0,0, 0,1, 0,2, 0,3 e 0,4 mL/L para o FP e 0,0, 0,1, 0,3, 0,5 e 1,0 mL/L para os demais. Além destes, o tratamento com o acibenzolar-S-metílico (ASM) serviu de controle positivo. A análise de variância demonstrou que todos os produtos testados foram eficientes em induzir fitoalexinas em cotilédones de soja e mesocótilos de sorgo, com destaque especial para o AN que, nas duas maiores doses, diferiu significativamente tanto da dose zero quanto do controle positivo. Além disso, o AN foi, numericamente, superior aos demais produtos. O aumento progressivo das doses resultou em aumentos também progressivos de fitoalexinas em soja e em sorgo, demonstrando alta correlação do ‘fator dose’ com a quantidade de fitoalexina produzida. Esses resultados apontam para a possibilidade de utilização desses produtos como componentes bastante promissores no manejo integrado de doenças de plantas.
Métodos para preservação de urediniósporos de Prospodium tecomicola
Authors: Fernandes Fernando Montezano , Graichen Felipe André Sganzerla , Silva Auigner Dias Ruis da
Published: September 2017

RESUMO O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar um método de preservação de esporos, capaz de manter a viabilidade dos urediniósporos de Prospodium tecomicola por um longo período de tempo. Os tratamentos para a preservação dos esporos coletados consistiram no armazenamento sob as seguintes condições: i) Herborizados em temperatura ambiente; ii) Geladeira a 4ºC; iii) Geladeira em dessecador com solução KOH 8,6 M; iv) Freezer -20ºC; v) Desidratação em sílica gel e armazenados a temperatura de -4ºC geladeira; vi) Desidratação em sílica gel e armazenados a temperatura de -20ºC freezer. As avaliações da viabilidade foram realizadas antes e após 15, 57, 85, e 127 dias de armazenamento. O tratamento que melhor manteve o potencial germinativo dos esporos, foi a desidratação em sílica gel à temperatura de 4ºC, mantendo-se acima de 5% no período de 15 a 85 dias após o armazenamento, e os esporos desidratados em sílica gel e armazenados a temperatura de -20ºC obteve até 2,5% de germinação aos 127 dias.
Aspectos epidemiológicos do míldio da cebola na região do alto vale do Itajaí em Santa Catarina
Authors: Marcuzzo Leandro Luiz , Carvalho Jaqueline , Nascimento Aline
Published: September 2017

RESUMO Com objetivo de estudar a epidemiologia do míldio da cebola causada por Peronospora destructor na região do alto vale do Itajaí/SC, um ensaio foi conduzido com plantas naturalmente infectadas, nas safras 2014 e 2015. A cada sete dias e, durante 19 semanas, foi quantificada a população de esporângios no ar, registrada as condições ambientais e avaliada a severidade nas plantas. Observou-se, que mesmo com ambiente favorável à doença, seu início ocorreu após nove semanas após o transplante das plantas. Constatou-se que a epidemia iniciou uma semana antes da primeira detecção do inóculo no ar. O progresso da doença foi representado pelo modelo de Gompertz y = 0,42636*(exp(-442,06555*exp(-0,50749*x))). A produção foi de 34.930 e 15.773 Kg.ha-1 de bulbos nos respectivos anos de avaliação. Este estudo epidemiológico pode fornecer informações do momento do início da epidemia e ser útil na validação de um sistema de previsão do míldio da cebola.
Incidência de doenças em cebola armazenada na região do alto vale do Itajaí/SC
Authors: Marconatto Lauri João , Koehler Henrique Soares , Marcuzzo Leandro Luiz
Published: September 2017

RESUMO Doenças são comuns em cebolas armazenadas, porém não existe levantamento especificando a causa e tão menos os níveis de incidência. Mediante a isso, esse trabalho teve como objetivo identificar a causa e os níveis de doenças no armazenamento de duas cultivares e duas classes de cebola.Nas safras 2014 e 2015, na região do Alto Vale do Itajaí/SC foram coletadas amostras com 27 bulbos em 29 produtores da cv. Epagri 362 - Crioula ou da cv. Empasc 352- Bola Precoce, tanto para classe 3 como para classe 4. As cebolas foram armazenadas com ventilação natural durante 140 dias e a cada 28 dias foram avaliadas quanto a ocorrência de doenças através da sintomatologia e dos níveis de incidência. Constatou-se que a incidência de podridão de Sclerotium rolfsii foi inferior a 2,7% e do mofo preto (Aspergillus niger) foi de 24,8% e 6,6% respectivamente em 2014 e 2015. Já na podridão mole (Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum) e podridão de escamas (Burkholderia cepacia) a incidência foi de 45,4% e 30,9% e de 50,7% e 45,3%, respectivamente em 2014 e 2015. Os resultados obtidos visam à busca de soluções para reduzir os danos que ocorrem durante o armazenamento de cebola na região do Alto Vale do Itajaí/SC.