bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on coupling degree of rail transit capacity and land use based on multivariate data from cloud platform
Authors: Hou Quanhua , Xing Yaotian , Wang Di , Liu Jiachen , Fan Xiaoyang , Duan Yaqiong
Published: January 2020

The study of exploring the internal connection between rail transit and land use is of great significance for the coordinated development of urban space and rail transit construction, and it is also important for the intensive use of land affected by rail transit stations. The land use structure and population density surrounding the stations of Line 1.2.3 of Xi’an Rail Transit were clustered by SPSS for identifying the rail transit stations with high population density. Subsequently, We have established an indicator system of urban land use and rail transit operation capabilities based on multivariate data, and explored the coordinated relationship between rail transit and land use through data envelopment analysis (DEA) evaluation methods at high population density stations. Besides, the coupling degree of land use in rail transit stations with high population density was evaluated, and the key indicators affecting the coupling degree were further analyzed in Xi’an. In conclusion, this study finds that the relationship between rail transit capacity and land use of high population density rail transit stations is unbalanced. Hence, to promote the sustainable development of rail transit capacity and surrounding land, it is suggested that we should confine the development of land use intensity around the station, improve the service functions of small-scale living areas, and optimize the travel environment intended for short-distance travel. For residents, they are encouraged to choose the mode of rail transit for their long-distance travel. At the same time, the peak passenger flow at the stations should be evacuated accordingly.
Management of UK priority invasive alien plants: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Martin Philip A. , Shackelford Gorm E. , Bullock James M. , Gallardo Belinda , Aldridge David C. , Sutherland William J.
Published: January 2020

Background

Invasive alien plant species often have negative environmental and social impacts, such as loss of biodiversity and alteration of ecosystem services. As a result, managing the introduction, establishment, and abundance of invasive species is a major priority. To do this effectively, we need evidence on the effect of management interventions (such as using herbicide or cutting to control invasive plants). This evidence should not only include the effects of these management interventions on invasive alien species, but also on native species and other non-target outcomes such as ecosystem services. Such evidence would allow for comparison of the trade-offs between different management interventions. In the planned review we aim to assess how management interventions to control nine priority invasive alien plants species in England and Wales affect environmental outcomes. These species are: Japanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica) Nuttall’s waterweed (Elodea nuttallii), Chilean rhubarb (Gunnera tinctoria), Giant hogweed (Heracleum mantegazzianum), Floating pennywort (Hydrocotyle ranunculoides), Himalayan balsam (Impatiens glandulifera), Curly waterweed (Lagarosiphon major), American skunk cabbage (Lysichiton americanus), Parrot’s feather (Myriophyllum aquaticum).

Methods

Searches will be in English and use bibliographic databases (Scopus,Web of Science Core Collection,Open Access Theses and Dissertations, andConservation Evidence) and internet searches (Google Scholar), as well as specialist databases. Our methodology will only use the names of each species (scientific names and common names, including synonyms) as our search string (we will not use qualifiers, such as “AND invasive”). This will give low specificity but will increase the likelihood of capturing all relevant information. We will use predefined criteria for study inclusion and data extraction. We will screen publications in two stages: (1) using titles and abstracts and (2) using full texts. Consistency of inclusion will be checked by two people screening a random sample of 10% of titles and abstracts. This dual-screening will be subject to kappa analysis and any disagreements resolved through discussion. We will use critical appraisal to assess study validity by identifying studies that are potentially prone to bias.
Evidence of multi-functional peptide activity: potential role of KT2 and RT2 for anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, and anti-apoptosis properties
Authors: Payoungkiattikun Wisarut , Joompang Anupong , Thongchot Suyanee , Nowichai Boonpob , Jangpromma Nisachon , Klaynongsruang Sompong
Published: January 2020

Although several explications of anti-inflammatory therapeutic substances for treating inflammatory-related diseases have been broadly discussed within the last few decades, peptide-based compounds display the potential to be novel inflammation treatment agents. Here, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity and other inflammation-associated activities, including anti-oxidative stress and anti-apoptosis properties, of the cationic peptides KT2 and RT2. Nitric oxide (NO) and other inflammatory markers were evaluated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells co-incubated with peptides. The levels of interrelated gene and protein expressions were quantified. Peptides formed complexes with LPS and displayed anti-inflammatory properties by reducing NO and pro-inflammatory cytokine production in inflamed RAW 264.7 cells. These peptides also exhibit a strong suppressive effect on mRNA expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase, tumor necrosis factor-α, signal transducer and activator of transcription 1, c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK)-1, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), which affects the decay of phosphorylated JNK-1, p38 MAPK, and NF-κB p65 protein expression. Both peptides induce up-regulation of anti-inflammatory mRNA and protein expression levels of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and mRNA expression levels of MAPK phosphatase-1. Also, the production of reactive oxygen species was observed to be markedly reduced. Furthermore, peptides exhibited an anti-apoptotic property. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the multi-functional peptides KT2 and RT2 exerting broad biological activity related to anti-inflammatory effects. These peptides have potential for delivering a medical method for the handling of inflammation-related diseases.
Objective assessment of YAG laser vitreolysis in patients with symptomatic vitreous floaters
Authors: Souza Carlos E. , Lima Luiz H. , Nascimento Heloísa , Zett Claudio , Belfort Rubens
Published: January 2020

Background

To objectively evaluate YAG laser vitreolysis for symptomatic vitreous floaters using color photo imaging.

Methods

In this interventional and prospective study, 32 eyes of 32 patients with symptomatic vitreous floaters secondary to posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) were treated with a single session of yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) laser. Primary outcomes were objective and subjective changes measured by masked grading of color fundus photographs and National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire 25 (NEI VFQ-25), respectively. Secondary outcomes included Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and adverse events. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to analyze the results of the objective and subjective assessments at each time point. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

Thirty-two patients (32 eyes; 13 men and 19 women) with symptomatic vitreous floaters were enrolled in this study (mean age: 59.4 years). All study patients were followed up for 6 months. Following the laser vitreolysis, there was a statistically significant improvement in both the near visual function (z = − 2.97; p = 0.003; r = 0.633) and visual disturbance rate (z = − 3.97; p < 0.001; r = 0.84). Distance visual function did not show statistically significant difference after the laser procedure (p = 1.00). Color fundus photograph did reveal vitreous opacity improvement over time in 93.7% of study eyes (partial improvement in 37.5% and total improvement in 56.2% of study eyes). During the follow-up period, recurrence of vitreous floaters, BCVA deterioration and adverse events were not observed.

Conclusions

YAG laser vitreolysis decreased the amount of vitreous floaters opacities seen on color fundus imaging and improved related symptoms according to the NEI VFQ-25 responses.
Impact of convective cooling on pore pressure and stresses around a borehole subjected to a constant flux: Implications for hydraulic tests in an enhanced geothermal system reservoir
Authors: Fan Zhiqiang , Parashar Rishi , Jin Zhi-He
Published: January 2020

Hydraulic tests are commonly performed prior to reservoir stimulation to determine the natural permeability of the enhanced geothermal system (EGS), which typically involves injection of cold water at low rates into the hot target EGS reservoir and measurement of the surface pressure, flow rate, and thermal drawdown simultaneously. Interpretation and analysis of the data collected during a hydraulic test are largely based on fitting type curves generated from analytical solutions. We have formulated a geomechanical model for hydraulic tests in a thermoporoelastic EGS reservoir in which the open-hole section of the borehole wall is subjected to a constant-rate flux and convective cooling. We derive the analytical solutions for injection induced axisymmetric deformation, temperature drawdown, pore pressure, and stresses in the Laplace domain, and we obtain time-domain solutions using the Stehfest inversion algorithm. We evaluate numerical examples to illustrate the competition between the thermoelastic effect and the poroelastic effect in controlling temperature, pore pressure, and stresses around the borehole wall. The numerical results indicate that temperature drawdown at the borehole wall would be significantly overestimated if a constant temperature boundary condition instead of convective cooling is used. At early times, injection induced hoop stress/pore pressure is partially offset by the corresponding ones induced by convective cooling. At late times, convective cooling plays a marginal role in influencing pore pressure and stress around the borehole. The analytical solutions are helpful to address the thermohydromechanical coupling mechanisms controlling pressure perturbations during hydraulic tests conducted in an EGS reservoir.
CNS Tumors in Adolescents and Young Adults: The Need for a Holistic Specialized Approach
Authors: Papageorgiou Georgios I. , Razis Evangelia D.
Published: January 2020

CNS tumors are one of the most common causes of cancer-related death in the 15- to 39-year-old age group. The management of adolescents and young adults (AYAs) who are diagnosed with brain tumors presents unique endocrine, developmental, and psychosocial issues. AYAs are frequently diagnosed late, after a prolonged period of misdiagnosis. The epidemiology, biology, prognosis, and overall management of these tumors differ from those of both older and younger age groups. AYAs are usually in a transitional phase in their lives, and brain tumors in this age group carry a better prognosis than in older adults; thus, special attention should be paid to survivorship care. Fertility and other treatment-related sequelae that affect the quality of life, as well as the increased risk of secondary malignancies in long-term survivors, are such examples. Although most AYAs are managed by adult or, to a lesser extent pediatric, oncologists, a multidisciplinary approach in the setting of specialized centers with increased participation in clinical trials is preferable. End-of-life and palliative care remain an unmet need for these patients, because most physicians lack the training to discuss such issues with young patients.
Measurement of junctional tension in epithelial cells at the onset of primitive streak formation in the chick embryo via non-destructive optical manipulation
Authors: Ferro Valentina , Chuai Manli , McGloin David , Weijer Cornelis J.
Published: January 2020

Directional cell intercalations of epithelial cells during gastrulation has, in several organisms, been shown to be associated with a planar cell polarity in the organisation of the actin-myosin cytoskeleton and is postulated to reflect directional tension that drives oriented cell intercalations. We have characterised and applied a recently introduced non-destructive optical manipulation technique to measure the tension in individual epithelial cell junctions of cells in various locations and orientations in the epiblast of chick embryos in the early stages of primitive streak formation. Junctional tension of mesendoderm precursors in the epiblast is higher in junctions oriented in the direction of intercalation than in junctions oriented perpendicular to the direction of intercalation and higher than in junctions of other cells in the epiblast. The kinetic data fit best with a simple viscoelastic Maxwell model, and we find that junctional tension, and to a lesser extent viscoelastic relaxation time, are dependent on myosin activity.
RHOA-mediated mechanical force generation through Dectin-1
Authors: Choraghe Rohan P. , Kołodziej Tomasz , Buser Alan , Rajfur Zenon , Neumann Aaron K.
Published: January 2020

Dendritic cell-associated C-type lectin 1 (Dectin-1, also known as CLEC7A) is an innate immune pattern recognition receptor that recognizes β-glucan on the Candida albicans cell wall. Recognition of β-glucan by immune cells leads to phagocytosis, oxidative burst, cytokine and chemokine production. We looked for specific mechanisms that coordinate phagocytosis downstream of Dectin-1 leading to actin reorganization and internalization of fungus. We found that stimulation of Dectin-1 by soluble β-glucan leads to mechanical force generation and areal contraction in Dectin-1-transfected HEK-293 cells and M1 macrophages. With inhibitor studies, we found this force generation is a spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK)-independent, but SRC family kinase (SFK)-dependent process mediated through the RHOA–ROCK–myosin light chain (MLC) pathway. We confirmed activation of RHOA downstream of Dectin-1 using activity assays and stress fiber formation. Through phagocytosis assays, we found direct evidence for the importance of RHOA-ROCK-MLC signaling in the process of phagocytosis of C. albicans.
Identification of serine residues in the connexin43 carboxyl tail important for BCR-mediated spreading of B-lymphocytes
Authors: Pournia Farnaz , Dang-Lawson May , Choi Kate , Mo Victor , Lampe Paul D. , Matsuuchi Linda
Published: January 2020

B-lymphocytes recognize antigen via B-cell antigen receptors (BCRs). This binding induces signaling, leading to B-cell activation, proliferation and differentiation. Early events of BCR signaling include reorganization of actin and membrane spreading, which facilitates increased antigen gathering. We have previously shown that the gap junction protein connexin43 (Cx43; also known as GJA1) is phosphorylated upon BCR signaling, and its carboxyl tail (CT) is important for BCR-mediated spreading. Here, specific serine residues in the Cx43 CT that are phosphorylated following BCR stimulation were identified. A chimeric protein containing the extracellular and transmembrane domains of CD8 fused to the Cx43 CT was sufficient to support cell spreading. Cx43 CT truncations showed that the region between amino acids 246-307 is necessary for B-cell spreading. Site-specific serine-to-alanine mutations (S255A, S262A, S279A and S282A) resulted in differential effects on both BCR signaling and BCR-mediated spreading. These serine residues can serve as potential binding sites for actin remodeling mediators and/or BCR signaling effectors; therefore, our results may reflect unique roles for each of these serines in terms of linking the Cx43 CT to actin remodeling.
CENP-T regulates both the G2/M transition and anaphase entry by acting through CDH1 in meiotic oocytes
Authors: Wang Yue , Li Jian , Dong Feng , Yue Wei , Ouyang Ying-Chun , Wang Zhen-Bo , Hou Yi , Schatten Heide , Sun Qing-Yuan
Published: January 2020

Oocyte meiotic maturation failure is one of the major causes for female infertility. Meiotic resumption (the G2/M transition) and progression through metaphase I (MI) are two critical stages of oocyte meiotic maturation. Here, we report that centromere protein T (CENP-T), an internal kinetochore protein, plays a critical role in meiotic resumption of mouse oocytes. Depletion of CENP-T by siRNA injection increased the CDH1 (also known as FZR1) level, resulting in increased activity of the anaphase-promoting complex (APC)–CDH1 complex, and further leading to decreased levels of the cyclin protein CCNB1, attenuated maturation-promoting factor (MPF) activity, and finally severely compromised meiotic resumption. The impaired meiotic resumption caused by CENP-T depletion could be rescued by overexpression of exogenous CCNB1 or knockdown of endogenous CDH1. Overexpression of exogenous CENP-T resulted in decreased CDH1 levels, which accelerated the progression of G2/M transition, and accelerated meiotic cell cycle progression after germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD). Unexpectedly, spindle organization after GVBD was not affected by the overexpression, but the distribution of chromosomes was affected. Our findings reveal a novel role for CENP-T in regulating meiotic progression by acting through CDH1.
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ЗНАНИЙ, УМЕНИЙ И НАВЫКОВ ИЗОБРАЗИТЕЛЬНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ У ДЕТЕЙ МЛАДШЕГО ШКОЛЬНОГО ВОЗРАСТА В ЦЕРКОВНО-ПРИХОДСКОЙ (ВОСКРЕСНОЙ) ШКОЛЕ
Authors: Voityuk Irina Dmitrievna
Published: January 2020

В статье выявлены особенности методики обучения детей в церковно-приходских воскресных школах, организуемых фактически при каждом приходе РПЦ. Изобразительное искусство в воскресной школе носит дополнительный характер и, наряду с основными дисциплинами, способствует формированию у учащихся православного мировоззрения. Посредством творческой изобразительной деятельности дети погружаются в атмосферу изобразительного искусства в контексте православия. В качестве наиболее эффективного рассматривается метод проектной деятельности в обучении.Цель: исследование направлено на определение методических особенностей обучения изобразительной деятельности детей младшего школьного возраста в воскресной церковно-приходской школе.Метод проведения работы: анализ научной и методической литературы, педагогический эксперимент (наблюдение, анализ детских работ, собеседование).Результаты работы: определение содержания, последовательности и методов обучения изобразительному искусству детей младшего школьного возраста в воскресной церковно-приходской школе.Область применения результатов: результаты исследования могут быть применены на занятиях в церковно-приходских воскресных школах.Выводы: предлагаемая методика обучения изобразительному искусству позволяет сформировать знания, умения и навыки по изобразительному искусству в контексте приобщения детей к православным традициям и развития личностно-творческого потенциала.
Model of Development of Competences of Workers and Experts As Element of Personnel Marketing in the Personnel Management System
Authors: Antipova Ol'ga
Published: January 2020

Subject. Strategic management of human resources defi nes the general direction in which the organization intends to follow, solving strategic problems and achieving the planned objectives. Such management defi nes in the long term practice of formation and development of human resources, managements of indicators of personnel work, etc. The modern competitive strategy of improvement of quality of labor in modern productions, has to be based on formation at workers of the key competences caused by branch specifics. Purposes. A main objective is to open one of human resource management approaches — marketing of the personnel representing the system of relationship of the organization with personnel. In modern conditions marketing of personnel promotes planning and realization of functional management of human resources. Methodology. For achievement of the planned results modeling methods — a structurization method are used. Results. Need of use of personnel marketing as resource-saving mechanism is proved in a personnel management system: the model of development of competences of workers and experts as one of elements of personnel marketing directed to increase in labor productivity in structural divisions of the oil company is off ered; it is provided creations of the centers of development of competences of organizational structure of large corporations and its interaction with the structural divisions which are responsible for development of a production system, the educational organizations and the companies which are carrying out the assessment of competences. Conclusions. Within the research it is noted that the model of development of competences of workers and experts has to be in the center of attention when forming the development strategy of the organization, representing one of elements based on which the organization forms competitive advantages of the personnel.
Creating a Supportive Organizational Environment for Talent Management
Authors: Tukashev M.
Published: January 2020

The article is devoted to the study of the organization’s environment as a set of factors aff ecting the implementation of talent management in a modern organization. Objective: to study the organizational environment and identify the key factors for the eff ective using of the potential of talented workers in modern conditions. The basis of the practical part of the work is the study of the employees of the leading enterprise in the Ural Federal District of the glass processing company Evroglass-Techno LLC. This study showed the importance and specifi city of a favorable organizational environment in terms of attracting, identifying, retaining and developing talented employees. A comparative analysis of the theoretical model of a favorable organizational environment for the release of “talents” and the practical realization of its characteristics in the chosen organization demonstrated both their similarities and their diff erences. The task of the future is to develop talent management as a system and technology of HR management in order to increase the competitiveness of companies.
Assessment Selection Of Strategies In Knowledge Management
Authors: Dmitrieva S.
Published: January 2020

It is necessary to choose between several competing methodologies and techniques among the many methods of knowledge management analysis. The paper proposes using machine learning methods to evaluate knowledge management strategies. Due to the vast information on this subject, the main conclusions were obtained using the normative documentation on strategy evaluations. The tasks of choosing a strategy are solved using neural networks. Evaluation of the eff ectiveness of the strategy was found using a hybrid neurofuzzy system. The base of examples necessary for training neural networks was formed using the Monte Carlo method, and its quality was checked through the use of the principal components. Testing the work of the neural network in the form of a perceptron showed its suitability for choosing a knowledge management strategy. The eff ectiveness of the chosen strategy was evaluated using an ANFIS type system, which demonstrated the possibility of obtaining a quantitative scoring.
Modern Recruiting Of Information Technology Professionals
Authors: Kazakova M. , Bertulite L.
Published: January 2020

The article analyzes the state, problems and modern tools of recruitment of information technology (IT) specialists. The article presents current trends in the development of the information technology industry, identifi ed as a result of a survey of employers. The problems of closing vacancies of specialists in the IT sphere are identifi ed, as such positions are the most diffi cult, since the resumes of some specialists cannot be so easily found on the work sites and enter into a dialogue. The article discusses the tools and technologies of selection of IT specialists, which are used by recruitment agencies. Special attention is paid to sourcing, where recruiters conduct in-depth analysis of a large amount of information, background of applicants, where it is important to understand and be able to fi nd the necessary data, correctly building search queries, studying social networks, etc.
ASSOCIAÇÃO DA ATIVIDADE FÍSICA DE LAZER E DO DESLOCAMENTO OCUPACIONAL COM A CAMINHADA E O CICLISMO: UM ESTUDO TRANSVERSAL COM BRASILEIROS ADULTOS
Authors: Lima Dartel Ferrari , Lima Lohran Anguera , Júnior Oldemar Mazzardo , Sampaio Adelar Aparecido , Da Silva Michael Pereira , Júnior Arestides Pereira da Silva , Piovani Veronica Gabriela Silva , Anguera Maria das Graças
Published: January 2020

Introdução: a caminhada e o ciclismo são os tipos principais de atividade física recreativa e de deslocamento por adultos brasileiros. Objetivo: associar, a partir de informações sociodemográficas e pessoais, a prática da atividade física recreativa e do deslocamento ativo com a caminhada e o ciclismo. Materiais e Métodos: estudo descritivo com amostra de adultos entrevistados pela Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico - Vigitel (2016). Resultados: 13.869 adultos (28,1% de homens e 24,8% de mulheres) relataram caminhar ou pedalar recreativamente; 9.607 adultos (20,1% de homens e 16,8% de mulheres) e 4.487 adultos (7,3% de homens e 9,2% de mulheres) relataram se deslocar a pé ou de bicicleta para o trabalho ou para a escola, respectivamente. Caminhar e pedalar se associou positivamente com maior força aos homens nos domínios recreativos e no deslocamento para o trabalhos, enquanto o deslocamento para a escola se associou mais fortemente às mulheres, principalmente as residentes nas regiões Norte e Nordeste. No conjunto da amostra, houve maior associação para os participantes com idade de 35 a 54 anos, com maior escolaridade (? 12 anos) e sem sobrepeso. A ocorrência de morbidades crônicas se associou com as atividades recreativas (Razão Chance: 1,43; IC95%: 1,25-1,65). Conclusões: a caminhada e o ciclismo são as principais atividade recreativas para 27% da população brasileira e está presente no cotidiano de 8,0% da população que se desloca ativamente para o trabalho e/ou escola.
ANÁLISE DAS AÇÕES DESENVOLVIDAS PARA PROMOVER A QUALIDADE DE VIDA DE PESSOAS COM HIPERTENSÃO ARTERIAL SISTÊMICA: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Caires Elon Saúde , Rempel Claudete , Medeiros Cássia Regina Gotler
Published: January 2020

Introdução: A hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) é uma patologia crônica multifatorial que afeta diretamente a qualidade de vida (QV) das pessoas. Objetivo: Analisar na literatura científica as produções relacionadas as ações desenvolvidas para promover a QV de pessoas com HAS. Materiais e métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa, tendo como categoria textual artigos científicos disponíveis nos agregadores de base de dados EBSCO e Portal de Periódicos CAPES, utilizando-se os descritores em português “hipertensão arterial sistêmica” e “qualidade de vida”, e em inglês “arterial hypertension” and “quality of life”. Resultados: Foram analisados 13 artigos, sendo 04 da EBSCO e 09 do Portal de Periódicos CAPES. Quanto aos locais de coleta de dados, um estudo foi realizado na zona rural, sete em unidades básicas de saúde (UBS) / estratégia saúde da família (ESF), um em farmácia comunitária, um na zona urbana, um no Paquistão, um na China e um na Europa Oriental e Centro-Oeste da Europa. Conclusões: O estudo permitiu identificar que a prática de atividade física, o HIPERDIA, a educação em saúde e a terapia medicamentosa parecem ser determinantes no nível de todas as dimensões da QV de pessoas com HAS. Ações destinadas a sua promoção tem grande potencial de sucesso quando forem realizadas por uma equipe multiprofissional, especialmente na ESF. Portanto, este estudo sugere que mais pesquisas sejam realizadas pelos cientistas, com o intuito de conhecer quais ações estão sendo desenvolvidas pelas ESF para promover a QV de pessoas com HAS, pois a HAS é uma patologia crônica que pode causar a depreciação da QV dos acometidos.
DE GÉNERO Y TRADUCCIONES. TRES PERSONALIDADES EN LA CULTURA DE SANTA FE: MARTA SAMATAN, LINA BECK BERNARD, PHILIPPE GREFFET
Authors: Zenarruza Clément Silvia
Published: January 2020

Tres personalidades que han transitado por nuestra ciudad handejado una huella en las letras y en la cultura de nuestra queridaSanta Fe: Lina Beck Bernard, esposa del fundador de la colonia deSan Carlos y testigo de una época poco documentada, nos presentaen sus relatos La estancia Santa Rosa y Telma vivencias demediados del siglo XIX.Marta Samatan, maestra, escritora y fundadora de unaasociación de mujeres pionera en Argentina ilustra las letrassantafesinas y es la primera traductora oficial de la UniversidadNacional del Litoral.Philippe Greffet, primer director de la Alianza francesa enSanta Fe, deja en sus relatos y en sus múltiples artículos para eldiario local su impronta poética de extranjero enamorado de estastierras.Los tres han enriquecido el acervo literario local y merecenser evocados.
Edge re-projection method for high-quality edge reconstruction in non-line-of-sight imaging
Authors: Shi Zhengyang , Wang Xia , Li Yang , Sun Zhibin , Zhang Wenxi
Published: January 2020

How to image scenes or detect objects hidden from view has been of increasing interest in recent years. Previous studies have demonstrated non-line-of-sight object reconstruction by using time-resolved detectors and a back-projection algorithm, whereas the filtered back-projection method reconstructs high-frequency spatial information, such as the edge of an object, with poor quality. Here we propose an optimized back-projection algorithm to improve the object edge reconstruction quality. We base our method on the observation that the spatial frequency and geometric information required to reconstruct an edge is distributed unevenly across scanning positions of the relay wall. Our method extracts edge voxels from the first projection result, correcting the signal response weight at different scanning positions according to their relative contributions to the object edge reconstruction, and then re-projects data. Simulations and experiments show that compared to the filtered back-projection algorithm, our method achieves better reconstruction results for the object edge, which makes it easier to distinguish the object shape.
Noise effects and the impact of detector responses on the characterization of extreme ultraviolet attosecond pulses
Authors: Hu Shuyuan , Hartmann Maximilian , Harth Anne , Ott Christian , Pfeifer Thomas
Published: January 2020

We employ numerical simulations to study the effects of noise on the reconstruction of the duration and satellite intensity ratio for transform-limited single and double pulses of 200 as duration. The forms of noise we implement are delay jitters between the attosecond pulse and the near-IR laser field, energy resolution of the photoelectron detector, and Poisson noise in streaking spectrograms with different count levels. We use the streaking method to characterize the pulse and the extended ptychographic iterative engine retrieval algorithm to reconstruct the pulse from the simulated streaking spectrogram. We found that, for practical purposes, when implementing a combination of all three mentioned noise contributions, the attosecond pulse duration will be overestimated when the photoelectron count level is low. Furthermore, the satellite pulse amplitude of the attosecond double pulse can be retrieved within 10% accuracy.
Grouping ambiguous neural representations: neither identical chromaticity (the stimulus) nor color (the percept) is necessary
Authors: Slezak Emily , Shevell Steven K.
Published: January 2020

Multiple regions, each with the same ambiguous chromatic neural representation, are resolved to have the identical perceived color more often than chance [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93, 15508 (1996)PNASA60027-842410.1073/pnas.93.26.15508; J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 35, B85 (2018)JOAOD60740-323210.1364/JOSAA.35.000B85]. This reveals that the regions are grouped, but it is unclear whether they are grouped because each one has the identical competing representations of the same stimuli (that is, the same chromaticities) or, alternatively, identical competing representations of the same colors one sees. The current study uses chromatic induction, as in Nat. Neurosci. 6, 801 (2003)NANEFN1097-625610.1038/nn1099, to disentangle whether grouping depends on identical (though ambiguous) stimulus chromaticities or on perceived colors, by (1) inducing one chromaticity to appear in two different colors or (2) inducing two different chromaticities to appear in the same color. All stimuli were equiluminant gratings with chromatic inducing and test fields. Three observers were tested, first completing color matches to measure induced color-appearance shifts and second completing grouping measurements using interocular-switch rivalry, a method with rivalrous dichoptic images swapped between the eyes at 3.75 Hz [J. Vis. 17, 9 (2017)1534-736210.1167/17.5.9]. Each of two separate areas, one above and one below fixation, had dichoptic rivalry. The two sets of regions had either identical or different chromaticities that could appear either as the same color or not. Observers reported their percepts when both areas above and below fixation were grouped by color or by chromaticity (or neither in an additional experimental condition). All conditions showed significant groupings for every observer, including when neither color nor chromaticity was identical in a “group.” Moreover, there was never a significant effect of chromaticity versus color for any observer. This is the result expected if neither color nor chromaticity must match between two regions in order for them to be grouped and suggests that, instead, some other feature drives grouping.
Experimental probe of a complete 3D photonic band gap
Authors: Adhikary Manashee , Uppu Ravitej , Harteveld Cornelis A. M. , Grishina Diana A. , Vos Willem L.
Published: January 2020

The identification of a complete three-dimensional (3D) photonic band gap in real crystals typically employs theoretical or numerical models that invoke idealized crystal structures. Such an approach is prone to false positives (gap wrongly assigned) or false negatives (gap missed). Therefore, we propose a purely experimental probe of the 3D photonic band gap that pertains to any class of photonic crystals. We collect reflectivity spectra with a large aperture on exemplary 3D inverse woodpile structures that consist of two perpendicular nanopore arrays etched in silicon. We observe intense reflectivity peaks (R>90%) typical of high-quality crystals with broad stopbands. A resulting parametric plot of s-polarized versus p-polarized stopband width is linear ("y=x"), a characteristic of a 3D photonic band gap, as confirmed by simulations. By scanning the focus across the crystal, we track the polarization-resolved stopbands versus the volume fraction of high-index material and obtain many more parametric data to confirm that the high-NA stopband corresponds to the photonic band gap. This practical probe is model-free and provides fast feedback on the advanced nanofabrication needed for 3D photonic crystals and stimulates practical applications of band gaps in 3D silicon nanophotonics and photonic integrated circuits, photovoltaics, cavity QED, and quantum information processing.
Chip-based soliton microcomb module using a hybrid semiconductor laser
Authors: Raja Arslan S. , Liu Junqiu , Volet Nicolas , Wang Rui Ning , He Jijun , Lucas Erwan , Bouchandand Romain , Morton Paul , Bowers John , Kippenberg Tobias J.
Published: January 2020

Photonic chip-based soliton microcombs have shown rapid progress and have already been used in many system-level applications. There has been substantial progress in realizing soliton microcombs that rely on compact laser sources, culminating in devices that only utilize a semiconductor gain chip or a self-injection-locked laser diode as the pump source. However, generating single solitons with electronically detectable repetition rates from a compact laser module has remained challenging. Here we demonstrate a current-initiated, Si3N4 chip-based, 99-GHz soliton microcomb driven directly by a compact, semiconductor-based laser. This approach does not require any complex soliton tuning techniques, and single solitons can be accessed by tuning the laser current. Further, we demonstrate a generic, simple, yet reliable, packaging technique to facilitate the fiber-chip interface, which allows building a compact soliton microcomb package that can benefit from the fiber systems operating at high power (> 100 mW). Both techniques can exert immediate impact on chip-based nonlinear photonic applications that require high input power, high output power, and interfacing chip-based devices to mature fiber systems.
First-principle calculation of Chern number in gyrotropic photonic crystals
Authors: Zhao Ran , Xie Guo-Da , Chen Menglin L. N. , Lan Zhihao , Huang Zhixiang , Sha Wei E. I.
Published: January 2020

As an important figure of merit for characterizing the quantized collective behaviors of the wavefunction, Chern number is the topological invariant of quantum Hall insulators. Chern number also identifies the topological properties of the photonic topological insulators (PTIs), thus it is of crucial importance in PTI design. In this paper, we develop a first principle computatioal method for the Chern number of 2D gyrotropic photonic crystals (PCs), starting from the Maxwell’s equations. Firstly, we solve the Hermitian generalized eigenvalue equation reformulated from the Maxwell’s equations by using the full-wave finite-difference frequency-domain (FDFD) method. Then the Chern number is obtained by calculating the integral of Berry curvature over the first Brillouin zone. Numerical examples of both transverse-electric (TE) and transverse-magnetic (TM) modes are demonstrated, where convergent Chern numbers can be obtained using rather coarse grids, thus validating the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method.
Transition from purely elastic to viscoelastic behavior of silica optical fibers at high temperatures characterized using regenerated Bragg gratings
Authors: Lindner Markus , Bernard Daniel , Heilmeier Florian , Jakobi Martin , Volk Wolfram , Koch Alexander W. , Roths Johannes
Published: January 2020

In this study, the response of regenerated fiber Bragg gratings (RFGBs) to axial forces was investigated in a temperature range from room temperature to 900 °C. For the first time, the transition from pure elastic to viscoelastic behavior around 700 °C of a standard SMF28 optical fiber was measured with an inscribed RFBG. An elastic model with linear temperature dependencies of Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio was established, and showed good agreement with the measurements up to temperatures of ∼500 °C. In the temperature range up to 900 °C, the RFBG response could be well described with a simple, single-material approach and a Burgers model that consists of a Kelvin and a Maxwell part. Based on the elastic parameter of the Maxwell part, the temperature-dependent force sensitivity of the RFBG was determined, and it showed a linear decrease in the range from room temperature to ∼500 °C, constant values in the range between ∼500 °C and ∼600 °C, and a strong increase at higher temperatures. While fulfilling the condition to operate in the elastic domain of the silica fiber, the investigations demonstrate that RFBGs can be used as force sensors up to temperatures of ∼600 °C - the range in which temperature-dependent force sensitivities have to be considered. The temperature-dependent parameters of the effective single-material model (elastic and viscoelastic part) are essential to describe the effective mechanical behavior of the optical fiber at high temperatures.
Modeling and performance evaluation of in-line Fabry-Perot photothermal gas sensors with hollow-core optical fibers
Authors: Bao Haihong , Hong Yingzhen , Jin Wei , Ho Hoi Lut , Wang Chao , Gao Shoufei , Wang Yingying , Wang Pu
Published: January 2020

We study photothermal phase modulation in gas-filled hollow-core optical fibers with differential structural dimensions and attempt to develop highly sensitive practical gas sensors with an in-line Fabry-Perot interferometer for detection of the phase modulation. Analytical formulations based on a hollow-capillary model are developed to estimate the amplitude of photothermal phase modulation at low modulation frequencies as well as the -3 dB roll-off frequency, which provide a guide for the selection of hollow-core fibers and the pump modulation frequencies to maximize photothermal phase modulation. Numerical simulation with the capillary model and experiments with two types of hollow-core fibers support the analytical formulations. Further experiments with an Fabry-Perot interferometer made of 5.5-cm-long anti-resonant hollow-core fiber demonstrated ultra-sensitive gas detection with a noise-equivalent-absorption coefficient of 2.3×10−9 cm-1, unprecedented dynamic range of 4.3×106 and <2.5% instability over a period of 24 hours.
Full optical characterization of single nanoparticles using quantitative phase imaging
Authors: Khadir Samira , Andrén Daniel , Chaumet Patrick C. , Monneret Serge , Bonod Nicolas , Käll Mikael , Sentenac Anne , Baffou Guillaume
Published: January 2020

This paper introduces a procedure aimed to quantitatively measure the optical properties of nanoparticles, namely the complex polarizability and the extinction, scattering, and absorption cross sections, simultaneously. The method is based on the processing of intensity and wavefront images of a light beam illuminating the nanoparticle of interest. Intensity and wavefront measurements are carried out using quadriwave lateral shearing interferometry, a quantitative phase imaging technique with high spatial resolution and sensitivity. The method does not require any preknowledge on the particle and involves a single interferogram image acquisition. The full determination of the actual optical properties of nanoparticles is of particular interest in plasmonics and nanophotonics for the active search and characterization of new materials, e.g., aimed to replace noble metals in future applications of nanoplasmonics with less-lossy or refractory materials.
Sareak, análisis de las vivencias de las intérpretes en un proceso creativo de una pieza de danza
Authors: Monge Gómez Natalia , Bermúdez Pascual Bertha
Published: January 2020

La creación de una pieza de danza se centra en una dimensión imaginaria y el proceso coreográfico en sí es un misterio caracterizado por constantes momentos de incertidumbre. Este proceso donde el pensamiento creativo ocupa un lugar primordial no es solo misterioso para el coreógrafo/a o director/a sino para todo el equipo artístico y, en especial, para los/las intérpretes. En este estudio, se plantea el proceso creativo como investigación en sí mismo, en el que se analizan las vivencias de las intérpretes en una creación de danza a través de un cuestionario en el que plasman sus sensaciones y experiencias. Entre los resultados más significativos destacan las valoraciones más positivas en torno a la importancia del trabajo de campo realizado y de las relaciones humanas con los demás colaboradores artísticos, especialmente con el resto de intérpretes, con la directora y con los ojos externos.
La danza como enseñanza de régimen especial en Andalucía
Authors: Ibáñez-Oria María del Carmen , Párraga Montilla Juan Antonio , Arteaga Checa Milagros
Published: January 2020

Este artículo pone el foco en la revisión crítica de la danza, como enseñanza reglada dentro de los Conservatorios de Danza andaluces. Realizamos una revisión histórica, desde el siglo XX, considerando el ámbito pedagógico-artístico de la danza y las enseñanzas oficiales de danza en España. Centrando la atención en Andalucía, de donde se analizará el currículo y las finalidades de estas enseñanzas. Efectuamos una exposición de las definiciones propuestas sobre el concepto de danza, para finalmente contribuir con una definición propia. La principal aportación de nuestro trabajo es destacar el necesario tratamiento diferenciado que la danza debe recibir en las Enseñanzas Básicas y en las Enseñanzas Profesionales, un factor que debe ser tenido en consideración para mejorar los programas de enseñanza de la danza.
Al fondo del poema. La mirada metapoética de Eduardo García
Authors: Ruiz Pérez Pedro
Published: January 2020

Tomando como concepto inicial el título de una sección del libro crucial Horizonte o frontera (2003), se propone una indagación en la conciencia del artificio y su conversión en materia poética por parte del poeta Eduardo García. Se analiza la presencia explícita de esta reflexión en algunos de sus poemas, la voluntad de construcción de una poética y el valor de su propuesta didáctica. El objetivo es tratar de iluminar desde estos componentes inseparables en la actitud estética de Eduardo García las bases de una escritura muy consciente de la naturaleza del «juego de hacer versos», por evocar un referente incuestionable de su escritura.
«Solo quiero dejarme vivir entre las cosas»: compromiso como extraversión en Eduardo García
Authors: Mohedano Ruano Javier
Published: January 2020

La presente investigación pretende demostrar, de una parte, que puede considerarse el compromiso político como una de las vetas del quehacer poético de Eduardo García; y, de otra parte, que su compromiso se aleja deliberadamente de los lugares comunes de la literatura política al uso para, desde posiciones estéticas y filosóficas radicalmente contemporáneas, alumbrar nuevas formas de ligazón con el mundo y sus retos. Así, la deslocalización de la mirada poética, el atemperamiento del sujeto enunciador, la mayor conciencia de la vulnerabilidad desde el redescubrimiento del cuerpo o una más generosa idea de comunidad que excede lo humano para abrazar la vida toda constituyen las bases de lo que hemos dado en llamar comunidad expandida y arte inmersivo.
La publicidad televisiva dirigida a menores en España: seguimiento del código PAOS
Authors: Ramírez Ponce David , López De Ayala María Cruz
Published: January 2020

En un contexto de preocupación por la fuerte prevalencia de la obesidad entre los niños españoles, el debate sobre la publicidad televisiva de alimentos para niños alcanza gran importancia. Aunque existen otros factores que influyen sobre la obesidad infantil, hay evidencias de que los mensajes publicitarios tienen un granimpacto sobre los hábitos alimenticios de los niños. Mediante un análisis de contenido, el objetivo de esta investigación es analizar y evaluar la eficacia del Código PAOS en 2018 comoinstrumentoparamejorarlacalidad publicitaria y promover hábitos de alimentación y modos de vida saludables. De este estudio se concluye: la elevada exposición de los niños menores de doce años a la publicidad de alimentos y bebidas, especialmente en los canales infantiles; una tendencia creciente en la presencia de publicidad insana en la franja de protección reforzada con respecto a 2012; que los anuncios de alimentos y bebidas apoyan su argumento de venta más en el incentivo que en el alimento; y, como conclusión general, que ha mejorado la calidad de este tipo de mensajes publicitarios a lo largo de los últimos seis años.