bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examination of the predicted prevalence of Gitelman syndrome by ethnicity based on genome databases
Authors: Kondo Atsushi , Nagano China , Ishiko Shinya , Omori Takashi , Aoto Yuya , Rossanti Rini , Sakakibara Nana , Horinouchi Tomoko , Yamamura Tomohiko , Nagai Sadayuki , Okada Eri , Shima Yuko , Nakanishi Koichi , Ninchoji Takeshi , Kaito Hiroshi , Takeda Hiroki , Nagase Hiroaki , Morisada Naoya , Iijima Kazumoto , Nozu Kandai
Published: August 2021

Gitelman syndrome is an autosomal recessive inherited salt-losing tubulopathy. It has a prevalence of around 1 in 40,000 people, and heterozygous carriers are estimated at approximately 1%, although the exact prevalence is unknown. We estimated the predicted prevalence of Gitelman syndrome based on multiple genome databases, HGVD and jMorp for the Japanese population and gnomAD for other ethnicities, and included all 274 pathogenic missense or nonsense variants registered in HGMD Professional. The frequencies of all these alleles were summed to calculate the total variant allele frequency in SLC12A3. The carrier frequency and the disease prevalence were assumed to be twice and the square of the total allele frequency, respectively, according to the Hardy–Weinberg principle. In the Japanese population, the total carrier frequencies were 0.0948 (9.5%) and 0.0868 (8.7%) and the calculated prevalence was 0.00225 (2.3 in 1000 people) and 0.00188 (1.9 in 1000 people) in HGVD and jMorp, respectively. Other ethnicities showed a prevalence varying from 0.000012 to 0.00083. These findings indicate that the prevalence of Gitelman syndrome in the Japanese population is higher than expected and that some other ethnicities also have a higher prevalence than has previously been considered.
Delayed vitreous prolapse after cataract surgery: clinical features and surgical outcomes
Authors: Kim Tae Young , Kang Hyun Goo , Kim Chan Yun , Koh Hyoung Jun , Kim Sung Soo , Kim Min
Published: August 2021

This study investigates the etiology and clinical features of delayed vitreous prolapse after cataract surgery and evaluates the long-term surgical and visual outcomes. Consecutive patients with vitreous prolapse into the anterior chamber occurring ≥ 3 months after cataract surgery at two hospitals between December 2006 and June 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. The primary outcome was associated ophthalmological events that triggered delayed vitreous prolapse. Secondary outcomes included long-term visual and subjective symptom changes after treatment. Among 20 eyes (20 patients), all had visual symptoms, the most common being blurry vision (12 patients; 60%). Five (25%) were detected after YAG laser capsulotomy, three (15%) had a history of intraocular lens(IOL) implantation in sulcus due to intraoperative posterior capsular tears, three (15%) had prolapsed vitreous alongside dislocated IOLs, and three (15%) were aphakic after previous cataract surgeries. After surgical treatment, the mean corrected distance visual acuity improved from 20/50 to 20/31(P = 0.02) and the mean preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) that was 26.4 mmHg decreased to 15.6 mmHg, remaining stable until the last follow-up. All reported symptoms were relieved. YAG laser capsulotomy or a history of defective posterior capsule from iatrogenic causes may trigger delayed vitreous prolapse. The long-term outcomes were favorable, particularly after posterior vitrectomy, with improved IOP control and symptom resolution.
Unraveling the electrochemical and spectroscopic properties of neutral and negatively charged perylene tetraethylesters
Authors: Wiebeler Christian , Vollbrecht Joachim , Neuba Adam , Kitzerow Heinz-Siegfried , Schumacher Stefan
Published: August 2021

A detailed investigation of the energy levels of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic tetraethylester as a representative compound for the whole family of perylene esters was performed. It was revealed via electrochemical measurements that one oxidation and two reductions take place. The bandgaps determined via the electrochemical approach are in good agreement with the optical bandgap obtained from the absorption spectra via a Tauc plot. In addition, absorption spectra in dependence of the electrochemical potential were the basis for extensive quantum-chemical calculations of the neutral, monoanionic, and dianionic molecules. For this purpose, calculations based on density functional theory were compared with post-Hartree–Fock methods and the CAM-B3LYP functional proved to be the most reliable choice for the calculation of absorption spectra. Furthermore, spectral features found experimentally could be reproduced with vibronic calculations and allowed to understand their origins. In particular, the two lowest energy absorption bands of the anion are not caused by absorption of two distinct electronic states, which might have been expected from vertical excitation calculations, but both states exhibit a strong vibronic progression resulting in contributions to both bands.
More than 50 long-term effects of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lopez-Leon Sandra , Wegman-Ostrosky Talia , Perelman Carol , Sepulveda Rosalinda , Rebolledo Paulina A. , Cuapio Angelica , Villapol Sonia
Published: August 2021

COVID-19 can involve persistence, sequelae, and other medical complications that last weeks to months after initial recovery. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to identify studies assessing the long-term effects of COVID-19. LitCOVID and Embase were searched to identify articles with original data published before the 1st of January 2021, with a minimum of 100 patients. For effects reported in two or more studies, meta-analyses using a random-effects model were performed using the MetaXL software to estimate the pooled prevalence with 95% CI. PRISMA guidelines were followed. A total of 18,251 publications were identified, of which 15 met the inclusion criteria. The prevalence of 55 long-term effects was estimated, 21 meta-analyses were performed, and 47,910 patients were included (age 17–87 years). The included studies defined long-COVID as ranging from 14 to 110 days post-viral infection. It was estimated that 80% of the infected patients with SARS-CoV-2 developed one or more long-term symptoms. The five most common symptoms were fatigue (58%), headache (44%), attention disorder (27%), hair loss (25%), and dyspnea (24%). Multi-disciplinary teams are crucial to developing preventive measures, rehabilitation techniques, and clinical management strategies with whole-patient perspectives designed to address long COVID-19 care.
Non-volatile artificial synapse based on a vortex nano-oscillator
Authors: Martins Leandro , Jenkins Alex S. , Alvarez Lara San Emeterio , Borme Jérôme , Böhnert Tim , Ventura João , Freitas Paulo P. , Ferreira Ricardo
Published: August 2021

In this work, a new mechanism to combine a non-volatile behaviour with the spin diode detection of a vortex-based spin torque nano-oscillator (STVO) is presented. Experimentally, it is observed that the spin diode response of the oscillator depends on the vortex chirality. Consequently, fixing the frequency of the incoming signal and switching the vortex chirality results in a different rectified voltage. In this way, the chirality can be deterministically controlled via the application of electrical signals injected locally in the device, resulting in a non-volatile control of the output voltage for a given input frequency. Micromagnetic simulations corroborate the experimental results and show the main contribution of the Oersted field created by the input RF current density in defining two distinct spin diode detections for different chiralities. By using two non-identical STVOs, we show how these devices can be used as programmable non-volatile synapses in artificial neural networks.
Tunable heat shock protein-mediated NK cell responses are orchestrated by STAT1 in Antigen Presenting Cells
Authors: Sedlacek Abigail L. , Kinner-Bibeau Lauren B. , Wang Yifei , Mizes Alicia P. , Binder Robert J.
Published: August 2021

The release of Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) from aberrant cells can initiate immune responses following engagement of the HSPs with antigen presenting cells (APCs). This is an important mechanism for cancer immunosurveillance and can also be modeled by vaccination with HSPs through various routes, targeting specific APCs expressing the HSP receptor CD91. Immunological outcomes can be varied as a result of the broad expression of CD91 in different dendritic cell and macrophage populations. We investigated the cellular response of different APCs to the prototypical immunogenic HSP, gp96, in the context of Th1 immunity. Although APCs generally express similar levels of the HSP receptor CD91, we uncovered APC-distinct, downstream signaling pathways activating STAT1, and differential STAT1 induced genes. As a result of this differential and unique signaling we determined that gp96-activated macrophages, but not DCs are capable of activating NK cells to produce IFN-$$\gamma$$γ. These data demonstrate that different APC subsets elicit unique intracellular signaling responses to HSPs which result in different patterns of downstream cellular activation and immune responses. Collectively this provides a novel tunable and autochthonous immune response to extracellular HSPs which has important implications on the development of immunity to cancer and infectious disease, as well as homeostasis.
Disparities in the gut metabolome of post-operative Hirschsprung's disease patients
Authors: Plekhova Vera , De Paepe Ellen , Van Renterghem Katrien , Van Winckel Myriam , Hemeryck Lieselot Y. , Vanhaecke Lynn
Published: August 2021

Hirschsprung's disease (HD) is a congenital structural abnormality of the colon seen in approximately 1 to 5000 live births. Despite surgical correction shortly after presentation, up to 60% of patients will express long-term gastrointestinal complaints, including potentially life-threatening Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (HAEC). In this study fecal samples from postoperative HD patients (n = 38) and their healthy siblings (n = 21) were analysed using high-resolution liquid chromatography—mass spectrometry aiming to further unravel the nature of the chronic gastrointestinal disturbances. Furthermore, within the patient group, we compared the faecal metabolome between patients with and without a history of HAEC as well as those diagnosed with short or long aganglionic segment. Targeted analysis identified several individual metabolites characteristic for all HD patients as well as those with a history of HAEC and long segment HD. Moreover, multivariate models based on untargeted data established statistically significant (p < 0.05) differences in comprehensive faecal metabolome in the patients’ cohort as a whole and in patients with a history of HAEC. Pathway analysis revealed the most impact on amino sugar, lysine, sialic acid, hyaluronan and heparan sulphate metabolism in HD, as well as impaired tyrosine metabolism in HAEC group. Those changes imply disruption of intestinal mucosal barrier due to glycosaminoglycan breakdown and dysbiosis as major metabolic changes in patients’ group and should be further explored for potential diagnostic or treatment targets.
Dexmedetomidine does not compromise neuronal viability, synaptic connectivity, learning and memory in a rodent model
Authors: Jimenez-Tellez Nerea , Iqbal Fahad , Pehar Marcus , Casas-Ortiz Alberto , Rice Tiffany , Syed Naweed I.
Published: August 2021

Recent animal studies have drawn concerns regarding most commonly used anesthetics and their long-term cytotoxic effects, specifically on the nervous tissue. It is therefore imperative that the search continues for agents that are non-toxic at both the cellular and behavioural level. One such agent appears to be dexmedetomidine (DEX) which has not only been found to be less neurotoxic but has also been shown to protect neurons from cytotoxicity induced by other anesthetic agents. However, DEX’s effects on the growth and synaptic connectivity at the individual neuronal level, and the underlying mechanisms have not yet been fully resolved. Here, we tested DEX for its impact on neuronal growth, synapse formation (in vitro) and learning and memory in a rodent model. Rat cortical neurons were exposed to a range of clinically relevant DEX concentrations (0.05–10 µM) and cellular viability, neurite outgrowth, synaptic assembly and mitochondrial morphology were assessed. We discovered that DEX did not affect neuronal viability when used below 10 µM, whereas significant cell death was noted at higher concentrations. Interestingly, in the presence of DEX, neurons exhibited more neurite branching, albeit with no differences in corresponding synaptic puncta formation. When rat pups were injected subcutaneously with DEX 25 µg/kg on postnatal day 7 and again on postnatal day 8, we discovered that this agent did not affect hippocampal-dependent memory in freely behaving animals. Our data demonstrates, for the first time, the non-neurotoxic nature of DEX both in vitro and in vivo in an animal model providing support for its utility as a safer anesthetic agent. Moreover, this study provides the first direct evidence that although DEX is growth permissive, causes mitochondrial fusion and reduces oxygen reactive species production, it does not affect the total number of synaptic connections between the cortical neurons in vitro.
Subclinical cardiac impairment relates to traditional pulmonary function test parameters and lung volume as derived from whole-body MRI in a population-based cohort study
Authors: von Krüchten Ricarda , Lorbeer Roberto , Schuppert Christopher , Storz Corinna , Mujaj Blerim , Schulz Holger , Kauczor Hans-Ulrich , Peters Annette , Bamberg Fabian , Karrasch Stefan , Schlett Christopher L.
Published: August 2021

To evaluate the relationship of cardiac function, including time-volume-curves, with lung volumes derived from pulmonary function tests (PFT) and MRI in subjects without cardiovascular diseases. 216 subjects underwent whole-body MRI and spirometry as part of the KORA-FF4 cohort study. Lung volumes derived semi-automatically using an in-house algorithm. Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and residual volume were measured. Cardiac parameters derived from Cine-SSFP-sequence using cvi42, while left ventricle (LV) time-volume-curves were evaluated using pyHeart. Linear regression analyses assessed the relationships of cardiac parameters with PFT and MRI-based lung volumes. Mean age was 56.3 ± 9.2 years (57% males). LV and right ventricular (RV) end-diastolic-, end-systolic-, stroke volume, LV peak ejection- and early/late diastolic filling rate were associated with FEV1, FVC, and residual volume (excluding late diastolic filling rate with FEV1, LV end-systolic/stroke volume and RV end-diastolic/end-systolic volumes with residual volume). In contrast, LV end-diastolic volume (ß = − 0.14, p = 0.01), early diastolic filling rate (ß = − 0.11, p = 0.04), and LV/RV stroke volume (ß = − 0.14, p = 0.01; ß = − 0.11, p = 0.01) were inversely associated with MRI-based lung volume. Subclinical cardiac impairment was associated with reduced FEV1, FVC, and residual volume. Cardiac parameters decreased with increasing MRI-based lung volume contrasting the results of PFT.
A KLK4 proteinase substrate capture approach to antagonize PAR1
Authors: Rabinovitch Eitan , Mihara Koishiro , Sananes Amiram , Zaretsky Marianna , Heyne Michael , Shifman Julia , Aharoni Amir , Hollenberg Morley D. , Papo Niv
Published: August 2021

Proteinase-activated receptor-1 (PAR1), triggered by thrombin and other serine proteinases such as tissue kallikrein-4 (KLK4), is a key driver of inflammation, tumor invasiveness and tumor metastasis. The PAR1 transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptor therefore represents an attractive target for therapeutic inhibitors. We thus used a computational design to develop a new PAR1 antagonist, namely, a catalytically inactive human KLK4 that acts as a proteinase substrate-capture reagent, preventing receptor cleavage (and hence activation) by binding to and occluding the extracellular R41-S42 canonical PAR1 proteolytic activation site. On the basis of in silico site-saturation mutagenesis, we then generated KLK4S207A,L185D, a first-of-a-kind ‘decoy’ PAR1 inhibitor, by mutating the S207A and L185D residues in wild-type KLK4, which strongly binds to PAR1. KLK4S207A,L185D markedly inhibited PAR1 cleavage, and PAR1-mediated MAPK/ERK activation as well as the migration and invasiveness of melanoma cells. This ‘substrate-capturing’ KLK4 variant, engineered to bind to PAR1, illustrates proof of principle for the utility of a KLK4 ‘proteinase substrate capture’ approach to regulate proteinase-mediated PAR1 signaling.
Preparation of self-healing hydrogel toward improving electromagnetic interference shielding and energy efficiency
Authors: Peymanfar Reza , Selseleh-Zakerin Elnaz , Ahmadi Ali , Saeidi Ardeshir , Tavassoli Seyed Hassan
Published: August 2021

In this study, a self-healing hydrogel was prepared that is transparent to visible (Vis) light while absorbing ultraviolet (UV), infrared (IR), and microwave. The optothermal features of the hydrogel were explored by monitoring temperature using an IR thermometer under an IR source. The hydrogel was synthesized using sodium tetraborate decahydrate (borax) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as raw materials based on a facile thermal route. More significantly, graphene oxide (GO) and graphite-like carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanostructures as well as carbon microsphere (CMS) were applied as guests to more dissect their influence on the microwave and optical characteristics. The morphology of the fillers was evaluated using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) attested that the chemical functional groups of the hydrogel have been formed and the result of diffuse reflection spectroscopy (DRS) confirmed that the hydrogel absorbs UV while is transparent in Vis light. The achieved result implied that the hydrogel acts as an essential IR absorber due to its functional groups desirable for energy efficiency and harvesting. Interestingly, the achieved results have testified that the self-healing hydrogels had the proper self-healing efficiency and self-healing time. Eventually, microwave absorbing properties and shielding efficiency of the hydrogel, hydrogel/GO, g-C3N4, or CMS were investigated, demonstrating the salient microwave characteristics, originated from the established ionic conductive networks and dipole polarizations. The efficient bandwidth of the hydrogel was as wide as 3.5 GHz with a thickness of 0.65 mm meanwhile its maximum reflection loss was 75.10 dB at 14.50 GHz with 4.55 mm in thickness. Particularly, the hydrogel illustrated total shielding efficiency (SET) > 10 dB from 1.19 to 18 and > 20 dB from 4.37 to 18 GHz with 10.00 mm in thickness. The results open new windows toward improving the shielding and energy efficiency using practical ways.
Sexually dimorphic and asymmetric effects of embryonic ethanol exposure on hypocretin/orexin neurons as related to behavioral changes in zebrafish
Authors: Collier Adam D. , Yasmin Nushrat , Khalizova Nailya , Campbell Samantha , Onoichenco Amanda , Fam Milisia , Albeg Avi S. , Leibowitz Sarah F.
Published: August 2021

Neurons expressing the neuropeptide hypocretin/orexin (Hcrt) in the hypothalamus promote reward-related behaviors including alcohol consumption and are shown in rodents and zebrafish to be stimulated by embryonic exposure to ethanol (EtOH). We used here in zebrafish three-dimensional analyses of the entire population of Hcrt neurons to examine how embryonic EtOH exposure at low-moderate concentrations (0.1% or 0.5% v/v) alters these neurons in relation to behavior. We found that EtOH in the water for 2 h (22–24 h post fertilization) increases the number of Hcrt neurons on the left but not right side of the brain through a stimulation of cell proliferation, this is accompanied by a decrease in locomotor activity under novel conditions but not after habituation, and these effects are evident in both larvae and adults indicating they are long lasting. Our analyses in adults revealed sexually dimorphic effects, with females consuming more EtOH-gelatin and exhibiting more freezing behavior along with an asymmetric increase in Hcrt neurons and males exhibiting increased aggression with no change in Hcrt. These findings suggest that a long lasting, asymmetric increase in Hcrt neurons induced by EtOH results from an asymmetric increase in proliferation specific to Hcrt and contributes to behavioral changes in females.
Association of elevated serum soluble CD226 levels with the disease activity and flares of systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Nakano Miki , Ayano Masahiro , Kushimoto Kazuo , Kawano Shotaro , Higashioka Kazuhiko , Inokuchi Shoichiro , Mitoma Hiroki , Kimoto Yasutaka , Akahoshi Mitsuteru , Ono Nobuyuki , Arinobu Yojiro , Akashi Koichi , Horiuchi Takahiko , Niiro Hiroaki
Published: August 2021

CD226 is an activating receptor expressed on the cell surface of natural killer cells and T cells. Although CD226 polymorphism is known to be involved in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the involvement of soluble CD226 (sCD226) in SLE is still unknown. In the present study, we measured serum sCD226 levels using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 58 SLE patients and 33 healthy controls (HCs) and evaluated their associations with SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K), clinical manifestations, laboratory data, and the cumulative probability of flare. Serum sCD226 levels showed no significant differences between SLE patients and HCs. However, sCD226 levels were significantly elevated in active SLE patients with a SLEDAI-2K score of ≥ 20 compared with HCs. In SLE patients, sCD226 levels were significantly correlated with SLEDAI-2K scores and anti-dsDNA antibody titers. Moreover, the cumulative probability of flare was markedly higher in patients with high sCD226 than in those with low sCD226. In patients with neuropsychiatric involvement, sCD226 levels were elevated and reflected neuropsychiatric disease activity. These findings indicate that serum sCD226 levels are associated with disease activity and flares of SLE. Thus, it may be a useful biomarker for SLE, and its monitoring allows for more precise SLE management.
Comprehensive analysis of immune cell enrichment in the tumor microenvironment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Mito Ikko , Takahashi Hideyuki , Kawabata-Iwakawa Reika , Ida Shota , Tada Hiroe , Chikamatsu Kazuaki
Published: August 2021

Head and neck squamous carcinoma (HNSCC) is highly infiltrated by immune cells, including tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and myeloid lineage cells. In the tumor microenvironment, tumor cells orchestrate a highly immunosuppressive microenvironment by secreting immunosuppressive mediators, expressing immune checkpoint ligands, and downregulating human leukocyte antigen expression.
In the present study, we aimed to comprehensively profile the immune microenvironment of HNSCC using gene expression data obtained from public database. We calculated enrichment scores of 33 immune cell types based on gene expression data of HNSCC tissues and adjacent non-cancer tissues. Based on these scores, we performed non-supervised clustering and identified three immune signatures—cold, lymphocyte, and myeloid/dendritic cell (DC)—based on the clustering results. We then compared the clinical and biological features of the three signatures. Among HNSCC and non-cancer tissues, human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive HNSCCs exhibited the highest scores in various immune cell types, including CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, B cells, plasma cells, basophils, and their subpopulations. Among the three immune signatures, the proportions of HPV-positive tumors, oropharyngeal cancers, early T tumors, and N factor positive cases were significantly higher in the lymphocyte signature than in other signatures. Among the three signatures, the lymphocyte signature showed the longest overall survival (OS), especially in HPV-positive patients, whereas the myeloid/DC signature demonstrated the shortest OS in these patients. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed the upregulation of several pathways related to inflammatory and proinflammatory responses in the lymphocyte signature. The expression of PRF1, IFNG, GZMB, CXCL9, CXCL10, PDCD1, LAG3, CTLA4, HAVCR2, and TIGIT was the highest in the lymphocyte signature. Meanwhile, the expression of PD-1 ligand genes CD274 and PDCD1LG2 was highest in the myeloid/DC signature. Herein, our findings revealed the transcriptomic landscape of the immune microenvironment that closely reflects the clinical and biological significance of HNSCC, indicating that molecular profiling of the immune microenvironment can be employed to develop novel biomarkers and precision immunotherapies for HNSCC.
Controlled generation of peracetic acid atmospheres for the evaluation of chemical samplers
Authors: Doepke Amos , Stastny Angela L. , Streicher Robert P.
Published: August 2021

A system for controlled generation of peracetic acid (PAA) atmospheres used to test and evaluate sampling and measurement devices was developed and characterized.
Sexual pheromone detection using PANI·Ag nanohybrid and PANI/PSS nanocomposite nanosensors
Authors: Martinazzo Janine , Brezolin Alexandra Nava , Paschoalin Rafaella Takehara , Soares Andrey Coatrini , Steffens Juliana , Steffens Clarice
Published: August 2021

In this study, polyaniline/poly(styrene sulfonate) (PANI/PSS) nanocomposite and polyaniline·silver (PANI·Ag) nanohybrid thin films were obtained in cantilever nanosensors surface.
In situ continuous monitoring of dissolved gases (N2, O2, CO2, H2) prior to H2 injection in an aquifer (Catenoy, France) by on-site Raman and infrared spectroscopies: instrumental assessment and geochemical baseline establishment
Authors: Lacroix E. , de Donato Ph. , Lafortune S. , Caumon M.-C. , Barres O. , Liu X. , Derrien M. , Piedevache M.
Published: August 2021

An original monitoring system allowing in situ and continuous quantification of gases dissolved in an aquifer and combining Raman and infrared fiber sensors. The gas baseline was established before an experimental simulation of hydrogen injection.
Tropylium-promoted Ritter reactions
Authors: Doan Son H. , Hussein Mohanad A. , Nguyen Thanh Vinh
Published: August 2021

The tropylium ion serves as an excellent and environmentally-benign catalyst for the Ritter reaction.
Insights into carbon nanotube-assisted electro-oxidation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for mediated bioelectrocatalysis
Authors: Buzzetti Paulo Henrique M. , Blanchard Pierre-Yves , Girotto Emerson Marcelo , Nishina Yuta , Cosnier Serge , Le Goff Alan , Holzinger Michael
Published: August 2021

Polyaromatic hydrocarbons were electro-oxidized on CNT electrodes and studied towards their capacity to transfer electrons from the enzyme FAD-GDH to the electrode. A mixture of electro-oxidized pyrene and pyrene NHS gave high performing biocathodes.
Photoredox/nickel dual-catalyzed regioselective alkylation of propargylic carbonates for trisubstituted allenes
Authors: Zhou Zhao-Zhao , Song Xian-Rong , Du Sha , Xia Ke-Jian , Tian Wan-Fa , Xiao Qiang , Liang Yong-Min
Published: August 2021

The first regioselective alkylation of propargylic carbonates by a photoredox/nickel dual-catalysed system for trisubstituted allenes without alkyl organometallic reagents is described.
Azacalixphyrins as an innovative alternative for the free-radical photopolymerization under visible and NIR irradiation without the need of co-initiators
Authors: Breloy Louise , Mhanna Rana , Malval Jean-Pierre , Brezová Vlasta , Jacquemin Denis , Pascal Simon , Siri Olivier , Versace Davy-Louis
Published: August 2021

Azacalixphyrins as innovative visible/NIR photoinitiating system for free-radical photopolymerization.
[Fe15]: a frustrated, centred tetrakis hexahedron
Authors: Cutler Daniel J. , Singh Mukesh K. , Nichol Gary S. , Evangelisti Marco , Schnack Jürgen , Cronin Leroy , Brechin Euan K.
Published: August 2021

The combination of two different FeIII salts in a solvothermal reaction with triethanolamine results in the formation of a high symmetry [FeIII15] cluster whose structure conforms to a centred, tetrakis hexahedron.
First-principles-informed energy span and microkinetic analysis of ethanol catalytic conversion to 1,3-butadiene on MgO
Authors: Boje Astrid , Taifan William E. , Ström Henrik , Bučko Tomáš , Baltrusaitis Jonas , Hellman Anders
Published: August 2021

First-principles-informed models elucidate the impact of energetic and kinetic limitations on selectivity and activity of ethanol conversion to 1,3-butadiene.
Catalytic activity of a CuGHK peptide-based porous material
Authors: Cirujano Francisco G. , Martín Nuria , Almora-Barrios Neyvis , Martí-Gastaldo Carlos
Published: August 2021

The CuGHK peptide-based porous material acts as a heterogeneous organocatalyst in the Henry reaction due to a periodic distribution of pockets decorated with lysine side chain active sites.
Exploring the formation of carbonates on La2O3 catalysts with OCM activity
Authors: Guan Cairu , Liu Zebang , Wang Danyu , Zhou Xiaohong , Pang Yaoqi , Yu Na , van Bavel Alexander P. , Vovk Evgeny , Yang Yong
Published: August 2021

Two series of La2O3 samples with identical bulk structures but different morphologies indicate substantially different carbonate forming pathways, which provides insight into the related oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reaction.
The tin sulfates Sn(SO4)2 and Sn2(SO4)3: crystal structures, optical and thermal properties
Authors: Hämmer Matthias , Netzsch Philip , Klenner Steffen , Neuschulz Kai , Struckmann Mona , Wickleder Mathias S. , Daub Michael , Hillebrecht Harald , Pöttgen Rainer , Höppe Henning A.
Published: August 2021

Two polymorphs of tin(iv) sulfates and a mixed-valent tin (ii,iv) sulfate were characterised structurally, by Mössbauer, UV-vis, IR spectroscopy and thermally yielding three new structure types, two related to TiO2 polymorphs or features therein.
Identifying lifetime as one of the key parameters responsible for the low brightness of lanthanide-based OLEDs
Authors: Utochnikova Valentina V. , Aslandukov Andrey N. , Vashchenko Andrey A. , Goloveshkin Alexander S. , Alexandrov Alexey A. , Grzibovskis Raitis , Bünzli Jean-Claude G.
Published: August 2021

Using red-emitting Eu3+complexes, the key factor curbing lanthanide-based OLED luminance was found, which is the lifetime of the excited state.
Highly uniform platanus fruit-like CuCo2S4 microspheres as an electrode material for high performance lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors
Authors: Guan Baole , Zhao Yu-Shen , Zhang Nan , Zhang Jun-Hong , Sun Ting , Yi Ting-Feng
Published: August 2021

Highly uniform platanus-like CuCo2S4 microspheres show potential for both lithium ion batteries and supercapacitors.
Extraction assisted by far infrared radiation and hot air circulation with deep eutectic solvent for bioactive polysaccharides fromPoria cocos(Schw.) wolf
Authors: Guo Yingying , Li Yueshan , Li Zicheng , Yan Wentao , Chen Peng , Yao Shun
Published: August 2021

In this study, a new ternary choline chloride-deep eutectic solvent was used to efficiently extract bioactive polysaccharides fromporia cocosassisted by the new tool of the far infrared radiation (FIR) together with hot air circulation (HAC).
Ultrafast, cost-effective and scaled-up recycling of aramid products into aramid nanofibers: mechanism, upcycling, closed-loop recycling
Authors: Chen Hui-Jun , Bai Qi-Yao , Liu Mei-Chen , Wu Gang , Wang Yu-Zhong
Published: August 2021

A highly feasible, highly efficient and low-cost recycling strategy for aramid products into aramid nanofibers has been presented. The construction of aramid nanofiber aerogels and their closed-loop recycling were realized.
Are droplets really suitable for single-cell analysis? A case study on yeast in droplets
Authors: Nakagawa Yuta , Ohnuki Shinsuke , Kondo Naoko , Itto-Nakama Kaori , Ghanegolmohammadi Farzan , Isozaki Akihiro , Ohya Yoshikazu , Goda Keisuke
Published: August 2021

The culture environments of droplets were assessed using cellular morphology as a readout. As a result, increasing the droplet volume was demonstrated to be beneficial for single-cell analysis in droplets.
Comparison of differences in the flame retardancy of cotton fabrics caused by the introduction of cyclic polysiloxane into P/N organic coatings
Authors: Zhang Zheng , Wang Shuai , Dong Chaohong , Liu Jian , Kong Dezheng , Sun Heng , Lu Zhou
Published: August 2021

Cyclic polysiloxane was introduced into P/N flame retardant coating to prepare Si/P/N synergistic FRs (ASPP-Si), which can improve the heat release and smoke release of cotton fabric and enhance the tensile strength of fiber.
Surface overgrowth on gold nanoparticles modulating high-energy facets for efficient electrochemical CO2 reduction
Authors: Choi, Woong , Park Joon Woo , Park Woonghyeon , Jung Yousung , Song Hyunjoon
Published: August 2021

A simple overgrowth step on Au nanoparticles provides high-energy facets as dominant surfaces, which result in a large enhancement of mass and specific activities with 98% faradaic efficiency of CO production for electrochemical CO2 reduction.
Recent developments in catalytic cross-couplings with unsaturated carboxylates
Authors: Hu Ying , Hu Binjing , Liu Xingchen , Ren Zhouyang , Li Jie
Published: August 2021

This review summarises the recent advances in the field of transition metal-catalyzed C–O bond activation of readily accessible unsaturated carboxylates with organometallics until May 2021.
Engineered nano-sphere array of gold-DNA core–shells and junctions as opto-plasmonic sensors for biodetection
Authors: Osanloo Nahid , Ahmadi Vahid , Naser-Moghaddasi Mohammad , Darabi Elham
Published: August 2021

Several engineered optoplasmonic structures including DNA rods as junctions between GNPs for controlling and improving the absorbance were proposed.
Chemical characterization of red cells from the black sea urchin Arbacia lixula by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Authors: Pagliara Patrizia , Chirizzi Daniela , Guascito Maria Rachele
Published: August 2021

Red spherula cells from sea urchin coelomic fluid have attracted great interest for their specific and intriguing properties, such as antimicrobial activities and immune response, that probably tie in with their red characteristic pigments.
Novel bio-based filler: hyperbranched polymer modified leather buffing dust and its influence on the porous structure and mechanical properties of polyurethane film
Authors: Liu Jie , Zhang Feifei , An Zhendi , Shi Wanpeng , Li Hong
Published: August 2021

In this research, amino functional buffing dust (HBD) was used as an excellent biomass functional filler to improve the hygienic properties of synthetic leather, and provide a novel way for the treatment and disposal of leather buffing waste.
Oxovanadium(v)-catalyzed amination of carbon dioxide under ambient pressure for the synthesis of ureas
Authors: Moriuchi Toshiyuki , Sakuramoto Takashi , Matsutani Takanari , Kawai Ryota , Donaka Yosuke , Tobisu Mamoru , Hirao Toshikazu
Published: August 2021

Catalytic activation of carbon dioxide as a C1 building block under ambient pressure was performed by using a commercially available oxovanadium(v) catalyst for the synthesis of ureas.
Recent advances in the conversion of furfural into bio-chemicals through chemo- and bio-catalysis
Authors: Zhang Xu , Xu Siquan , Li Qinfang , Zhou Guilin , Xia Haian
Published: August 2021

Furfural is a promising renewable platform molecule derived from hemi-cellulose, which can be further converted to fossil fuel alternatives and valuable chemicals due to its highly functionalized molecular structure.
Exploring water in oil emulsions simultaneously stabilized by solid hydrophobic silica nanospheres and hydrophilic soft PNIPAM microgel
Authors: Stock Sebastian , Jakob Franziska , Röhl Susanne , Gräff Kevin , Kühnhammer Matthias , Hondow Nicole , Micklethwaite Stuart , Kraume Matthias , von Klitzing Regine
Published: August 2021

Using well-defined stabilizers allows generalizable predictions on the emulsion structure of w/o emulsions stabilized by hydrophilic microgels and hydrophobic nanoparticles.
Scalable electrode materials with nanoporous current collector shells for supercapacitors with ultrahigh areal and volumetric capacitances
Authors: Zhou Ruitao , Li Ying , Lam Kwok Ho
Published: August 2021

Supercapacitors are characterized by high power density, but a bottleneck exists regarding their limited energy density due to the conflict between achieving a high mass loading and high specific capacitance with the current structural design.
4D printing in biomedical applications: emerging trends and technologies
Authors: Agarwal Tarun , Hann Sung Yun , Chiesa Irene , Cui Haitao , Celikkin Nehar , Micalizzi Simone , Barbetta Andrea , Costantini Marco , Esworthy Timothy , Zhang Lijie Grace , De Maria Carmelo , Maiti Tapas Kumar
Published: August 2021

4D printing technology in biomedical applications.
Engineering mesoporous silica nanoparticles towards oral delivery of vancomycin
Authors: Ndayishimiye John , Cao Yuxue , Kumeria Tushar , Blaskovich Mark A. T. , Falconer James Robert , Popat Amirali
Published: August 2021

Vancomycin (Van) is an antibiotic of choice for many drug resistant infections but cannot be given orally due to its poor permeability. Encapsulation of Vancomycin within MSNs improved its gastrointestinal permeation and provided controlled release.
2D perovskite narrowband photodetector arrays
Authors: Wang Haizhen , Li Lu , Ma Jiaqi , Li Junze , Li Dehui
Published: August 2021

2D perovskite narrowband photodetector arrays have been fabricated in this work, which can realize optical imaging with the ability of wavelength discrimination.
Optimal design and sensitivity analysis of distributed biomass‐based hybrid renewable energy systems for rural electrification: Case study of different photovoltaic/wind/battery‐integrated options in Babadam, northern Cameroon
Authors: Yimen Nasser , Monkam Louis , Tcheukam‐Toko Denis , Musa Bashir , Abang Roger , Fombe Lawrence Fon , Abbasoglu Serkan , Dagbasi Mustafa
Published: August 2021

It is commonly recommended to incorporate diesel generators into distributed hybrid renewable energy systems (HRESs) to lower the system's total cost and make the generated electricity affordable. Due to the environmental and economic issues associated with fossil fuel use, biomass power technologies (BPT) appear to be an attractive alternative to diesel generators. The HOMER software was used to model, simulate, and optimise two photovoltaic/wind/battery systems integrated with different BPT (anaerobic digestion or gasification) to satisfy the electrical needs of Babadam, a remote community in northern Cameroon. The results indicated that the anaerobic digester integrated system's overall optimal architecture included a 98.1 kW photovoltaic array, a 30 kW biogas generator, and 200 batteries, with a cost of energy (COE) of $0.347/kWh. On the other hand, the gasifier integrated option is made up of an 81.8 kW photovoltaic array, a 15 kW syngas generator, and 200 batteries and has a COE of $0.319/kW. Additionally, compared to the PV/Wind/Battery system, integrating the biogas (resp. syngas) generator showed a potential COE decrease of 29% (resp. 40%). The sensitivity analysis highlighted the validity of this COE reduction potential everywhere in sub‐Saharan Africa, leading to the conclusion that integrating BPT into HRESs can effectively contribute to Sustainable Development Goal 7.
Sixth Sense Jacket
Authors: Pandey Prabhat S. , Chakraborty Shreya S. , Gaikwad Jay S. , Shah Divya K.
Published: August 2021

In a time when the entire world is going through a pandemic which can be curbed or substantially avoided and reduced by maintaining distance, it is crucial for every individual to follow the social distancing norms. However, it can be a challenging and daunting task to ensure safe distance all the time. Thus a Sixth Sense Jacket is a great way to keep the user mindful and alert of their surrounding without actually being alert all the time. It can not only alert the user but can also keep daily essentials such as keys and cards clean using dry sanitization. The jacket comes with a bunch of special features such as Pulse Oximeter which can be used to check vital health stats such as heart rate and blood saturation (SpO2) levels. The prime purpose of the Sixth Sense Jacket is to keep the user passively mindful of it's surrounding all the time and thus can be used in any field where it is crucial to stay alert in a given surrounding. The various domains this jacket can be used are women safety, battlefield and to add an extra sense to visually impaired people. The jacket can be a useful means to pre-empt any given danger that might befall the user and hence the name "Sixth Sense" Jacket.
Image plagiarism detection using GAN - (Generative Adversarial Network)
Authors: Gayadhankar Kaustubh , Patel Rishi , Lodha Hrithik , Shinde Swapnil
Published: August 2021

In Today’s date plagiarism is a very important aspect because content originality is the client's prior requirement. Many people on the internet use others' images and get publicity while the owner of the image or data won′t get anything out of it. Many users copy the data or image features from the other users and modify it a little bit or create an artificial replica of it. With sufficient computational power and volume of data, the GAN models are capable enough to produce fake images that look very much similar to the real images. These kinds of images are generally not detected by modern plagiarism systems. GAN stands for generative adversarial network. It has two neural networks working inside. The first one is the generator which generates a random image and the second one is the discriminator which identifies whether the image being generated is a real or a fake image. In this paper, we have proposed a system that has been trained on both fake images (GAN Generated images) and real images and will help us in flagging whether the image is plagiarised or a real image.
Successive Image Generation from a Single Sentence
Authors: Parab Amogh , Malik Ananya , Damania Arish , Parekhji Arnav , Bari Pranit
Published: August 2021

Through various examples in history such as the early man’s carving on caves, dependence on diagrammatic representations, the immense popularity of comic books we have seen that vision has a higher reach in communication than written words. In this paper, we analyse and propose a new task of transfer of information from text to image synthesis. Through this paper we aim to generate a story from a single sentence and convert our generated story into a sequence of images. We plan to use state of the art technology to implement this task. With the advent of Generative Adversarial Networks text to image synthesis have found a new awakening. We plan to take this task a step further, in order to automate the entire process. Our system generates a multi-lined story given a single sentence using a deep neural network. This story is then fed into our networks of multiple stage GANs inorder to produce a photorealistic image sequence.
Next Words Prediction Using Recurrent NeuralNetworks
Authors: Ambulgekar Sourabh , Malewadikar Sanket , Garande Raju , Joshi Bharti
Published: August 2021

Next Word Prediction is additionally called Language Modeling. It is the undertaking of predicting what word comes straightaway. It is one of the major assignments of NLP and has numerous applications. Attempting to make model utilizing nietzsche default text record which will foresee clients sentence after the clients composed 40 letters, the model will comprehend 40 letters and anticipate impending top 10 words utilizing RNN neural organization which will be executed utilizing Tensorflow. Our Aim of creating this model to predict 10 or more then 10 word as fast as possible utilizing minimum time. As RNN is Long short time memory it will understand past text and predict the words which may be helpful for the user to frame sentences and this technique uses letter to letter prediction means it predict a letter after letter to create a word
Mother’s Lifestyle Feature Relevance for NICU and Preterm Birth Prediction
Authors: Deshpande Himani , Ragha Leena
Published: August 2021

Maternal health plays an important role in defining the health of mother, child and childbirth experience. With the change in lifestyle over the decades, there have been many health challenges faced by woman, which makes it important for women to understand the impact of their lifestyle and physical health features on their wellbeing. In this study, we have realised the importance of mother’s features with respect to preterm childbirth prediction and prediction for neonatal intensive care unit(NICU) facility requirement for newborn. Experiments are performed on MSF dataset which consists of records of 1000 women, 21 physical features and 78 lifestyle features are taken into consideration. Random forest based hybrid model using F-score and Mutual information is used to evaluate each features for their capability of True positive(TP) and False Negative(FN) predictions. For preterm birth prediction, out of all the features hypertension, diabetes, PCOS and consumption of outside food during teenage are found to be the most relevant features. While for NICU prediction diabetes, low amniotic fluid during pregnancy, exposure to air and noise pollution during teenage and consumption of alcohol after marriage are found to be relevant.
Effects of residual stress on the stability of multi-welded integral stiffened panels
Authors: Guo Yanning , Ma Yu'e , Sun Wenbo , Xue Yong , Kuang Chunwei
Published: August 2021

In order to clarify the influence of residual stress on the stability of 2024-T3 friction stir welded(FSWed) integral stiffened panels with multi-welds, the ANSYS software was used to establish the finite element models of two typical multi-FSWed stiffened panels. The residual stresses of two typical multi-welded stiffened panels (Panel A and Panel B) were calculated respectively using the thermal-mechanical coupling method. And the buckling and post-buckling responses of the stiffened plates were analyzed. It is shown that the residual stress distribution of stiffened panel was affected by the welding sequence. The maximum residual stress of Panel A mainly appears on the right side of the stringer, and that of Panel B appears on the stringer that is welded later. The residual stress has a great influence on the stability of the welded stiffened panels. When the residual stress profiles are taken into consideration, the critical buckling loads of welded Panel A and Panel B will decrease 14.2% and 12.4% respectively.
A bridgeless CUK PFC converter with positive output voltage
Authors: Huangfu Yigeng , Wang Aiben , Zhao Ben , Ma Yuhui , Ma Rui , Xia Lei
Published: August 2021

The output voltage of the traditional CUK PFC converter is negative, and an additional inverting amplifier circuit is needed, which increases the volume and cost of the converter. A new type of bridgeless CUK PFC converter topology is proposed in this paper, which makes the converter have a positive output voltage without the need of an additional inverting amplifier circuit, and has the advantages of simple control, high efficiency, and low cost. Through topology optimization, one input capacitor is reduced, and the two diodes are converted from the high-current working state of high frequency to low-current working state of power frequency, ordinary rectifier diodes can be selected instead of fast recovery diodes, thereby reducing the volume and cost of the converter. The converter works in DCM, so no current control loop is required, which simplifies the control circuit. In addition, the main switch is turned on under ZVS condition, and the output diode is turned off under ZCS condition, which reduces the switching loss and improves the efficiency of the converter. A simulation model was built in PSIM, and a prototype with a rated power of 150 W was fabricated to verify the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed converter. Experimental results show that the PF of the proposed converter is 0.995 7, and the input current THD is 3.78% under rated input conditions.