bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PELATIHAN PEMANFAATAN MARKETPLACE SEBAGAI STRATEGI MEMPERLUAS PANGSA PASAR BAGI KOMUNITAS UMKM INDONESIA TERPADU (DUIT)
Authors: Masnita Yolanda , Nurhaida Dida , Arafah Willy
Published: April 2024

Pelaku usaha yang tergabung dalam komunitas UMKM Indonesia Terpadu, masing – masing telah memiliki usaha. Usaha sudah berjalan, tetapi masih kesulitan untuk mengembangkannya. Memperluas pasar dan menambah omset menjadi persoalan utama bagi keberlangsungan usaha. Beberapa pelaku usaha merasa bahwa pasar sudah jenuh dan tidak bisa berkembang lagi. Mengenalkan market place, berbisnis dengan bantuan digitalisasi menjadi salah satu upaya untuk mengembangkan pasar. Mengenal lebih komprehensif tentang berjualan online, sangat dibutuhkan oleh anggota komunitas UMKM Indoneisa Terpadu. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan mengenalkan bagaimana strategi sukses berjualan di marketplace. Materi meliputi: (i) cara membuka toko online di Tokopedia mulai dari nol; (ii) strategi sukses berjualan di marketplace (analisa, implementasi, dan operasional); (iii) cara memanfaatkan tools promosi di Tokopedia untuk meningkatkan penjualan. Metode pelaksanaan diawali dengan jajak pendapat dilakukan diawal kegiatan, untuk mengidentifikasi dan merumuskan masalah, sehingga mengerucut pada masalah utama. Kesulitan mengembangkan pangsa pasar menjadi topik utama untuk keberlangsungan usaha, beberapa pelaku usaha merasa bahwa pasar sudah jenuh dan tidak bisa berkembang lagi. Pada kesempatan kali ini Tim Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PkM) Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Trisakti, akan memberikan pelatihan dan pembekalan mengenai pemanfaatan Marketplace untuk memperluas jangkauan pemasaran produk. Materi ini belum pernah diberikan dan sangat dibutuhkan sebagai solusi permasalahan bagi anggota komunitas saat ini. Peserta sangat antusis dan aktif saat mengikuti sesi pelatihan. Hasil evaluasi memununjukan bahwa pengetahuan dan keterampilan peserta meningkat saat post-test. Hasil evaluasi terhadap kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa peserta sangat puas dengan adanya pelatihan ini.
Continuidad de vínculos y significado del duelo por suicidio tras el paso del tiempo: a propósito de un caso
Authors: González Báez Anastasio Pablo , García Hernández Alfonso Miguel ,   Universidad de La Laguna (España)
Published: April 2024

According to WHO estimates, 703 000 people die by suicide every year. In Spain, the last data from INE, 4003 deaths by suicide were registered in 2021. Shneidman in 1969 established that for every death by suicide there were 6 people affected. These people are known as survivors. It is intended to identify manifestations or mournining, as well as the presence of continuing bonds with the deceased person observe how the meaning of death changes in the survivor narrative. Through a case study, after the transcription of a semi-structured interview, three categories were generated: grief process, continuing bonds, and search of meaning. It was posible to verify how a discourse is elaborated that points toard the continuing bonds with the deceased and trasnforms the felt story.
El suicidio (1897) de Émile Durkheim. Una obra vanguardista para seguir comprendiendo la salud mental en el siglo XXI
Authors:   Universidad de La Laguna (España), Marrero González Cristo Manuel
Published: April 2024

Émile Durkheim is a key figure in the institutionalization of Sociology as an academic and scientific discipline in the 19th century. Through the positivist research methodology that he exposes in his work The Rules of the Sociological Method, he later explains in El Suicidio that autolysis is related to social causes explained through the so-called “social facts.” The main claim of this document is a critical and reflective review of the work El Suicidio, especially its second book with the support of current bibliography. The four types of suicide according to Durkheim are described. Today, economic and/or social factors must be addressed to understand and address the growth in the suicide rate in the current post-pandemic context; economic or social factors must not be left aside to continue addressing the problem suicide and mental health in general.
A propósito de un caso en CS La Perdoma: «Desde que me mudé a este pueblo, mi vida es un infierno»
Authors: Sánchez Corbacho José , Pablo Ramos Irene Sánchez de , Montesinos Arteaga Yaiza Desiré
Published: April 2024

The high prevalence of obesity in our environment, a chronic disease with a highly complex approach, which is also a risk factor for other related comorbidities, leads to the need to use different methods and care techniques from primary care. The main objective will be to provide the user with sufficient tools, from a person-centered perspective, to improve their habits and lifestyles, addressing their biopsychosocial environment, which directly influences decision-making regarding self-care.
REFUGIADOS NO BRASIL
Authors: Otto Barrientos Janine , Keiko Kataoka Lima Ísis , Dos Santos Siqueira Thiago
Published: April 2024

Este artigo aborda a situação dos refugiados sírios no Brasil em meio ao aumento dos movimentos migratórios globais. Com foco na legislação e nas políticas de integração, investiga os desafios enfrentados por esses refugiados, como acesso a serviços básicos, inclusão no mercado de trabalho, adaptação cultural e participação na comunidade local. A crise humanitária na Síria é destacada como um exemplo marcante de deslocamento em massa. A pesquisa busca identificar lacunas e obstáculos no processo de integração dos refugiados sírios no Brasil, fazendo uso da metodologia qualitativa e oferecendo insights para o desenvolvimento de políticas mais eficazes e sensíveis às suas necessidades. Os resultados encontrados com a presente pesquisa foram de comparações e ensinamentos referente ao padrão encontrado no acolhimento dos refugiados sírios. 
Palavras-chaves: Refugiados sírios; Acolhimento; Direitos dos refugiados; Migração forçada; Crise humanitária.
O TERCEIRO SETOR E SEU APOIO PARA O APARELHO ESTATAL NO ATENDIMENTO DAS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DE PREVENÇÃO DO USO DE DROGAS, TRATAMENTO E REINTEGRAÇÃO DE DEPENDENTES QUÍMICOS.
Authors: Silveira Apolinário Grasiele , Keiko Kataoka Lima Isis , Dos Santos Siqueira Thiago
Published: April 2024

Este estudo irá abordar a importância do terceiro setor em seu apoio ao aparelho estatal na execução das políticas públicas, de prevenção do uso de drogas, tratamento e reintegração de dependentes químicos, uma vez que de modo isolado o aparelho estatal não abarca a grande demanda que ao longo dos anos tem crescido. Seu objetivo geral é compreender o papel do terceiro setor em seu apoio para o aparelho estatal no que tange ao atendimento das políticas públicas de prevenção do uso de drogas, tratamento e reintegração de dependentes químicos. Para isso, ao longo da presente pesquisa compreender-se-á o que é o terceiro setor e demonstrar a importância no apoio para o aparelho estatal no que tange ao cumprimento das políticas públicas; descrever o que é a dependência química; conhecer o que são políticas públicas e identificar quais são as políticas públicas de prevenção do uso de drogas, tratamento e reintegração de dependentes químicos e por fim, analisar o papel do aparelho estatal no atendimento de políticas públicas para dependentes químicos.
EDUCAÇÃO COMO INSTRUMENTO EFETIVO DE RESSOCIALIZAÇÃO DO APENADO
Authors: Schulz de Oliveira Gustavo , Souto Coutinho Junior Hiran , Dos Santos Siqueira Thiago
Published: April 2024

O último relatório disponibilizado pela Secretaria Nacional de Segurança Pública indicou números alarmantes, acerca da população carcerária brasileira, bem como de seu índice de reincidência. Nesta ótica, o presente trabalho busca analisar a importância da educação como mecanismo de alcance da prevenção especial positiva da pena, ou seja, a finalidade reeducativa intrínseca à prevenção. Assim, utilizando como metodologia, a pesquisa bibliográfica de caráter explicativo, através de levantamento bibliográfico de fontes primárias e secundárias, buscou-se como objetivo geral investigar o papel da educação como meio ressocializador no ambiente prisional frente à postura do estado em relação à prevenção especial positiva como finalidade da pena privativa de liberdade. Com base nisso, concluiu-se que a educação apresenta-se como mecanismo para o alcance da ressocialização do apenado e que o Estado tem falhado em implementar esse mecanismo dentro dos sistema carcerário, cumprindo apenas com a finalidade retributivista e marginalizando a ressocialização do preso.
PROPENSA MODIFICAÇÃO DA NATUREZA JURÍDICA DOS ANIMAIS DOMÉSTICOS DE ESTIMAÇÃO NO BRASIL E POSSÍVEIS IMPLICAÇÕES NOS CRIMES DE FURTO, ROUBO E RECEPTAÇÃO
Authors: Jesus Santos Raiane , Coutinho Júnior Hiran Souto , Siqueira Thiago Santos
Published: April 2024

O presente trabalho versa sobre a propensa modificação da natureza jurídica dos animais domésticos de estimação no Brasil, dada a existência de propostas legislativas que visam alterar o seu status quo, de “coisa”, vislumbrando responder quais as possíveis implicações afetas da mudança nos crimes de furto, roubo e receptação, uma vez que tais tipos penais possuem a “coisa” como objeto que sofre a conduta criminosa. Assim, objetivou-se identificar a atual natureza jurídica dos animais, analisar as propostas de lei que buscam sua alteração, verificar como o Judiciário, em precedentes, tem vislumbrado os animais, se de modo patrimonial ou adotado uma natureza jurídica diversa e, por fim, apontar as implicações da mudança e possibilidades de tratamento nos crimes propostos no artigo. A metodologia utilizada foi a de pesquisa qualitativa, com tipo bibliográfico e investigação jurídico-exploratória. Como resultado, foi verificado que a modificação, na forma pretendida legislativamente, causaria atipicidade das condutas praticadas contra os animais domésticos de estimação, em decorrência de ferirem os princípios da legalidade e da taxatividade. Ainda, poderia ocorrer suas adequações penais, sendo importante que ocorra concomitante à esfera penal, mas fora do Código Penal, pois se ali fosse, continuaria a manter os animais no capítulo que protege o patrimônio. Logo, concluiu-se que a modificação é necessária, indicando-se que os novos tipos deveriam descrever a punibilidade aos verbos dos crimes de furto, roubo e receptação com a especificação de que tais condutas sejam praticadas contra os animais domésticos sujeitos de direitos despersonificados, a serem inseridos na Lei dos Crimes Ambientais ou nova legislação extravagante.
Crocin Exerts Neuroprotective Effect in Valproate Exposed Rat Model of Autistic Spectrum Disorder by Ameliorating Behavioural and Biochemical Reversions
Authors: Majhi Sagarika , Kumar Sokindra
Published: April 2024

Autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with oxidative stress and neuron damage triggered by valproic acid (VPA) in a post-natal rat model of ASD. It was hypothesized that crocin (CRO), may have beneficial effects in ASD due to its antioxidant activities. The study investigated the neuro-behavioural and biochemical modifications of crocin in VPA-induced ASD. Wistar albino rat pups aged 13 days were divided into five groups (06 each). 400 mg/kg VPA subcutaneously on PND 14 successfully induced autism. From PND 14 to 40, crocin was dispensed daily. Different neuro-behavioral markers were examined while the groups were receiving therapy. Animals were sacrificed at the completion of the research for biochemical calculations. Crocin treatment significantly improved behavioral activity and oxidative changes compared to animals treated with the VPA-exposed group. The effects were more pronounced at higher dose of crocin, providing evidence of reversing the valproic acid-induced autistic deficits. Crocin could be a viable option for ASD treatment due to its potential neuronal cytoprotective effects, likely attributed to its antioxidant properties
Solubility Enhancement of Poorly Water-Soluble Aceclofenac by Amalgamation Micronization and Solid Dispersion Techniques
Authors: Gupta Vishal , Kumar Sokindra , Agrawal Rajesh
Published: April 2024

Aceclofenac is a poorly aqueous soluble Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) class II drug that has bioavailability problems after oral administration due to low aqueous solubility. There are numerous solubility modification approaches and they also have process limitations. Hence, the present research work aims to use two different solubility enhancement techniques (Micronization with Solid dispersion) simultaneously to counter individual limitations of techniques. The micronization technique increases the solubility of pure aceclofenac through increasing particle surface area, but it produces charged micronized material, leading to segregation and clumping of micronized material. Hence, micronized material handling during dosage form manufacturing is quite difficult. In the present research work, aceclofenac material is micronized by air jet mill to produce materials of below 25 μm size ranges. This micronized aceclofenac material is further encapsulated in a solid dispersion technique to produce amorphous aceclofenac materials. Solid dispersion of micronized aceclofenac was prepared by various techniques like physical kneading, solvent evaporation, melting and a combination thereof using different polymers (Polyox 301, HPMC, cetostearyl alcohol and glyceryl behenate). The prepared solid dispersion formulation (SD-31, SD-22, SD-23 and SD-30) exhibited an increase in the dissolution of aceclofenac as compared to pure aceclofenac. Various characterization techniques (Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM)) also reveal that aceclofenac crystallinity is significantly minimized in Solid dispersion formulation of SD-31, SD-22, SD-23 and SD-30. This selected solid dispersion (SD-31 and SD-22) also exhibited good stability (Photostability and stability at 40°C/75% RH after 3 months).
Morin Hydrate Mediated Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Its Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Ramalingam Nanthakumar , Venkatachalam Prabakaran , Vinodhkumar V , Vichitra C
Published: April 2024

Morin hydrate is a flavonoid that is chosen as an active ingredient for synthesizing silver nanoparticles. In order to characterize the morin hydrate assisted silver nanoparticles (MHNP), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX), dynamic light scattering analyzer (DLS) was used, and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) studies were used to determine the total amount of silver contained in the liquid state of the MHNP. Then, the formed nanoparticles were evaluated for antimicrobial effect. In the UV-visible spectroscopy, maximum absorption was observed at 444.5 nm, which is characteristic of silver nanoparticles. According to FE-SEM data, the generated nanoparticles were spherical, and DLS analysis determined that the average particle size was 83.4 nm. EDAX images additionally proved that silver was present in the sample. The antibacterial studies revealed that the nanoparticles were effective only against certain gram-positive bacterial strains; therefore, they can be used in biomedical applications, especially for treating infections caused by gram-positive bacteria.
Comparative Assessment of the Antioxidant Potential of Different Parts of Delonix regia
Authors: S Singh , S Sardana , I Verma
Published: April 2024

The flamboyant tree, or Delonix regia, has attracted a lot of interest due to the widespread belief that it can be used as a powerful antioxidant. The search for natural antioxidants has taken on paramount relevance as the world faces increasing health problems attributed to oxidative stress. D. regia, a native of Madagascar, can be found all across the tropics and subtropics and is highly regarded for its medicinal value and beautiful red flowers. The complex phytochemical composition of D. regia includes a number of bioactive compounds that might prevent oxidative damage to biomolecules. Flavonoids, tannins, phenolic acids, carotenes, and tocopherols are all examples of these substances. The antioxidant action of different parts of D. regia is comprehensively examined and clarified in this work, from its broad scope in direct radical scavenging to its fine-tuning of endogenous antioxidant enzymes. The antioxidant capabilities of D. regia have been studied for their potential to address a broad spectrum of illnesses and health conditions, such as cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, neurological disorders, and a number of skin issues. The importance of utilizing nature’s bounty in the hunt for novel remedies to oxidative stress-related illnesses is underscored by this study’s addition to the growing body of knowledge concerning the antioxidant effects of D. regia. Further research is recommended to explore the pharmacological properties of D. regia to fully harness its medicinal potential for the advancement of human health and well-being.
AQbD Assisted Method Optimization for Simultaneous Quantification of Potential Phytosterols in Novel Polyherbal Formulation by LC-PDA Method
Authors: Rayadurgam Sireesha , Krishnan Manikandan , R Mohan Kumar
Published: April 2024

Background: Herbal medications are preferred by individuals with cardiovascular disorders (CVDs) worldwide for their distinct benefits in preventing and treating illnesses and lesser side effects. A novel polyherbal formulation compiled of ten plants (Allium sativum, Rubia cordifolia, Garcinia cambogia, Terminalia arjuna, Acacia catechu, Helianthus annus, Vitis vinifera, Commiphora mukul, Linum usitatissimum, and Piper nigrum) was developed for treating cardiovascular diseases. As a part of standardization, marker analysis using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) will be highly encouraged. Materials and Methods: In the present study, we selected lupeol, stigmasterol, and β-sitosterol and went for simultaneous quantification using design of experiments (DoE) software (AQbD-Analytical quality by design) to optimize the experimental parameters. The phenomenex RP C18 column, with 250 mm length, 4.6 mm internal diameter, 5 μm particle size, was preferred for the study. Mobile phase with methanol and 0.01% formic acid solution in water surged with a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min. using a maximum detection wavelength of 208 nm. Results and Discussion: Under the specified circumstances, we determined the retention times of lupeol, stigmasterol, and β-sitosterol to be 14.056, 15.544, and 17.431 minutes, respectively, with the desirability of 0.975. The concentrations of lupeol, stigmasterol, and β-sitosterol in the extract were determined to be 30.72, 370.6, and 212.64 μg/10 mg, respectively. The linear range of 31.25 to 500 μg/mL was found to have an R2 value of 0.9972, 0.9976 and 0.9968, respectively. 0.2534, 0.754, 0.421 μg/mL and 0.7681, 2.29, 1.28 μg/mL were the limit of detection (LoD) and limit of quantitation (LoQ) values, respectively. The RSD for precision was determined to be 0.92, 0.98, and 0.96%, respectively. Recovery experiments were conducted, and the accuracy of the suggested approach was between 99 and 102%. Conclusion: Using the modernized software tool- AQbD (analytical quality by design), the study was first scientifically validated for the quantification of three phytomarkers in the novel polyherbal formulation.
Phytochemical Screening of Asparagus racemosus Willd
Authors: Sinha Barnali Maiti , Tare Harshal
Published: April 2024

Asparagus racemosus, popularly referred to as Shatavari in both Hindi and Sanskrit, is considered one of the greatest important therapeutic plants around. The use of A. racemosus as a galactotgogue and for preventing and treating stomach ulcers and dyspepsia is suggested in Ayurvedic writings. Additionally, it helps with inflammation, neurological disorders, liver problems, and even some viral infections. Phytochemical analysis of the extracts in this research indicated the presence of a variety of chemicals in extracts. According to the findings of a research that investigated the phytochemical properties of A. racemosus, this plant has the potential to be used in the development of novel medicines.
Design and Characterization of Hallow Porous Floating Microspheres of Favipiravir
Authors: Pallam Naga C , Maruvajala Vidyavathi , Mounika Tiriveedhi SS
Published: April 2024

The present investigation deals with the design and characterization of favipiravir floating microspheres for gastro retentive drug delivery system by employing 3² factorial design and also to investigate the main effects of different independent variables on microspheres that float. The emulsion solvent diffusion method was used to manufacture floating microspheres with Eudragit S 100 as the polymer. These microspheres will extend the release of the medicine, reducing the frequency of administration and the harmful effects caused by fluctuations in plasma concentration with conventional dosage forms. The main effect of independent variables like polymer Eudragit S 100 concentrations (50, 100, 150 mg) and stirring time (1, 2 and 3 hours) on the performance of microspheres. Formulated microspheres were characterized for responses including drug release, particle size, and entrapment efficiency and floating time. Based on the results of the responses, the optimized composition was arrived using the response surface method graphical and numerical optimization method using design of experiments (DoE) software. Then, the optimized formulation (OFES) was prepared and evaluated for the four responses compared with predicted values to find the validity of the selected model. The optimized formulation was further analyzed for drug-excipient compatibility by fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and also analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis. Further zeta potential and micrometric properties were also observed. The results for the formulation FES 1 to 9 found were, that particles size ranged from 0.192 to 0.277 μm, entrapment efficiency ranged from 68.65 ± 1.9 to 76.25 ± 3.2%, percentage drug release range was from 89.25 ± 0.24 to 93.68 ± 0 .25%, and floating time range was from 12 to 23 hours. As per the design, OFES an optimized formulation fitted with the concentration of Eudragit S 100 of 139.1 mg and stirring time of 1-hour. Regarding the kinetic release, the responses were best fitted with Higuchi model of R² value of 0.9795 with kinetic mechanism of non-fickian diffusion with R² value of 0.9499, indicating good linearity. The combination of different variables and their effects on responses were investigated well using factorial design, and an optimized formulation was developed for favipiravir.
A Validated IVRT Method to Evaluate Semisolid Dosage Form Containing Ximenynic Acid Using a Novel Approach
Authors: Shivatare Rakesh , Kewatkar Shailesh , Bhutale Neetin , Chatur Vibhavari , Tare Harshal
Published: April 2024

Purpose: Ximenynic acid (XMA) holds significant potential in the market, especially due to its widespread application in the cosmetics sector. As its various biological activities continue to be discovered, there is a sharp rise in demand for ximenynic acid. A novel analytical approach has been devised for an in-house product, comparable to the reference listed drug (Softalia, containing 30% ximenynic acid), utilized in gel formulations. This method is designed to conduct in-vitro release studies employing Franz vertical diffusion cell apparatus and analytical quantification via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Methods: The methodology has been assessed concerning specificity, linearity, the limit of quantitation (LoQ), limit of detection (LoD), inter-day precision, intermediate precision, accuracy, and solution stability. Following method development, the reference product containing 30% ximenynic acid underwent testing against the in-house XMA semisolid dosage form to accurately demonstrate “equivalence”, with results aligning with the applicable acceptance criteria falling within the range of 75 to 133.33%, as outlined in the FDA’s SUPAC-SS guidance. The in-vitro release assay has proven valuable for quality assurance, batch comparison, and monitoring the impacts of different formulations, scales, scaling up/down, methods, locations, and other variables. Results: This research fabricates specific IVRT techniques for performing assessments of semisolid dosage forms, which are required for many regulatory purposes.
Investigation of Neuroprotective Activity of Extracts of Asparagus racemosus Wild. in Acrylamide Induced Neurotoxicity in Adult Zebrafish
Authors: Sinha Barnali Maiti , Tare Harshal
Published: April 2024

The efficacy of an extract from Asparagus racemosus seeds in protecting zebrafish neurons from acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity was the focus of this investigation. ACR treatment induced neurotoxicity in zebrafish by reducing glutathione reductase levels by a factor of 3, increasing lipid peroxidation activity by a factor of 3.4, elevating nitrite levels by a factor of 1.7, raising acetylcholinesterase levels by a factor of 3.9, and decreasing total protein levels by a factor of 1.4, when compared to wild-type zebrafish. Vinpocetine demonstrated neuroprotective properties in ACR-induced zebrafish. These results indicate a 2.7-fold increase in glutathione reductase, a 3.4-fold reduction in lipid peroxidation activity, a 1.5-fold decrease in nitrite levels, a 3.2-fold decrease in acetylcholinesterase levels, and a 1.4-fold increase in total protein levels. Zebrafish with inherent genetic traits had similar outcomes. Treatment with solvent seed extracts from A. racemosus effectively reduced the damage caused by ACR. Following this intervention, levels of glutathione reductase, lipid peroxides, nitrite, protein, and acetylcholinesterase activity reverted back to levels seen in control group. The ethanolic extract exhibited superior neuroprotective effects compared to the solvent extract in zebrafish treated with ACR. After administering an ethanolic seed extract therapy at a concentration of 440 mg/l, the levels of glutathione reductase rose by a factor of 2.7. Simultaneously, there was a decrease in lipid peroxidation activity by 3.1, nitrite by 1.4, and acetylcholinesterase by 2.7. The protein content of zebrafish exposed to ACR rose by a factor of 1.3. Wild zebrafish had comparable results
Development and Validation of New Discriminative Dissolution Method for Dapagliflozin Tablets
Authors: Badadhe Sandip , Bhusnar Hanumant , Birajdar Avinash , Yadav Jayadeep , Chavan Bhagwat
Published: April 2024

In this study, we aimed to find out how well dapagliflozin worked by creating and testing a new way to dissolve the pills. We considered a great many factors, including the quantity of dissolved liquid, the liquid’s composition, and the rotational speed of the paddle. Apparatus II, or the paddle, was employed to get the perfect in-vitro breakdown profile. The dissolving media consisted of 900 mL of phosphate buffer with a pH of 6.8, and the machine was spun at a speed of 50 revolutions per minute. For the purpose of assessing the drug release method’s properties, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used. Regarding the dissolving procedure, which was found to be in compliance with regulations, all applicable laws were followed, including those of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Extensive evaluation of several attributes, including precision, sensitivity, accuracy, and stability, led to the conclusion that the outcomes were satisfactory. We examined the patterns of breakdown for many entities using a range of methodologies, including model-dependent methodology, model-independent methodology, and analysis of variance (ANOVA). According to the results, there was a great deal of overlap between the two things. Dapagliflozin tablet production and quality control could benefit from the melting test that was given and shown. This is because it can distinguish among the examined commodities according to their unique release characteristics.
Evaluation of Growth-differentiation Factor-15 Level and few Physiological Parameters Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2
Authors: Farman Hassan A , Naji Raad R
Published: April 2024

The study included 90 subjects and is divided into two groups: The first group is the patient group, which consists of 45 patients with diabetes mellitus type two; 45 patients with diabetes mellitus type two were identified by specialized diabetes doctors by samples collection in outpatients clinic at Diabetes and Endocrine Center in Marjan Medical City in Hilla city, Babylon province from 1 November 2022 till 31 Januray 2023. The blood samples of this study were obtained from patients and controlled through drug 5 mL of blood by using medical sterile syringes from a brachial vein and placed in a gel tube and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) tube. Then the gel tube was placed at room temperature for 30 minutes to coagulate the blood, and samples were centrifuged (3000 rpm/min) for 5 minutes to separate the serum from other components of the blood. The serum was withdrawn by micropipette and then placed in the eppendorf tubes in two repeaters and kept frozen at -20℃ for the determination of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF 15), lipid profile and fasting blood glucose. The whole blood in the EDTA tube to determine HbA1C. The mean fasting blood sugar and hemoglobin A1c of diabetes patients is significantly higher at (p-value < 0.001) than that of controls. Diabetes patients had a significantly higher of serum lipid profile than the controls. Therefore, the mean of cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) was highly significant (p < 0.001). The mean concentration of GDF-15 of patient groups was significantly increased than those matched groups of healthy control at (p < 0.001). In addition, the results also showed a highly significant increase (p < 0.001) in the mean of GDF-15 for the patient’s males and females in comparison with the control’s males and females. The correlation results indicated a statistically significant positive correlation in diabetic group between GDF-15 vs. FBS (r = 0.572, p = < 0.001) and HbA1c (r = 0.576, p = < 0.001). Positive non-significant correlations were demonstrated between GDF-15 vs. cholesterol (r = 0.131, p = > 0.05), triglyceride (TG) (r = 0.167, p = > 0.05), LDL (r = 0.38, p = > 0.05) and VLDL (r = 0.136, p = > 0.05). Negative non-significant correlation was between GDF-15 and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (r = 0.137, p = > 0.05).
Skin Penetrating Lipid Vesicles: Ethosomes in Drug Delivery and Cosmeceuticals
Authors: Jadhao Umesh , Tare Harshal , Jain Sachin K
Published: April 2024

Ethosomes, or skin penetrating lipid vesicles, are proving to be effective delivery systems for cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. This article thoroughly examines ethosomes, including their structure, formulation methods, characterization tactics, and skin penetration mechanisms. Ethosomes are able to deform and penetrate the stratum corneum thanks to their special lipid compositions and elasticity, which let them get around obstacles in transdermal drug administration and cosmeceutical application. The selection of lipids, surfactants, and active compounds for ethosome formulations, as well as the function of ethanol as a penetration enhancer, are covered in detail in the current article. The discussion of various production processes and characterization methodologies emphasizes the significance of size distribution, zeta potential, and encapsulation effectiveness. The review investigates the mechanisms through which ethosomes interact with the stratum corneum and other skin barriers and the variables affecting the effectiveness and depth of their transdermal administration. The applications of ethosomes in the delivery of both hydrophilic and lipophilic medicines and their promise in targeted and localized treatments highlight their adaptability. The clinical implications are discussed, illuminating preclinical and clinical research that highlight the improved efficacy and safety of formulations based on ethosomes. Ethosomes provide a platform for improving the distribution of active substances like vitamins, antioxidants, and peptides in the field of cosmeceuticals. Their uses encompass topical formulations for skin whitening, hydration, rejuvenation, and antiaging and skin care products. The paper also discusses future directions in ethosome research, such as customized medicine and combination medicines, as well as regulatory issues and difficulties with commercialization.
Current Update on Electrospun Nanofiber Mats as a Wound Healing Drug Carrier
Authors: S B Nagansurkar , Yadav Hemant K S , Abhay Raizaday
Published: April 2024

Electrospun nanofiber mats are being researched as attractive wound-healing drug carriers owing to their exclusive features, large active surface area, interlinked porosity, and customizable drug release kinetics. These mats may be infused with antibiotics, growth hormones, or stem cells to hasten the process of healing and lessen the likelihood of problems. Controlled and sustained medication delivery is the key payback of electrospun nanofiber mats. Electrospun nanofiber mats promote wound healing in part because of the favorable milieu they provide cell adhesion and proliferation of the affected tissue due to their enhanced active surface area. Mats of many kinds are discussed in the review. Electrospun nanofiber membranes can be created in a diversity of configurations, along with a single layer, a coaxial structure, and many layers. Recent studies have shown the efficacy of using electrospun nanofiber mats to deliver a variety of therapeutic compounds for wound healing. Treatment of wound infections using antibiotic-loaded electrospun nanofiber mats may help slow the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Electrospun nanofiber mats supplemented with growth hormones are known to hasten wound healing by encouraging the local tissue’s proliferation and differentiation. Delivery of stem cells to the wound site, where they may develop into new skin cells and stimulate tissue regeneration, can be accomplished with the help of electrospun nanofiber mats. In conclusion, electrospun nanofiber mats provide an exciting new platform for the delivery of drugs to promote wound healing. Their enormous surface area, interconnected porosity, and adaptable drug release kinetics all make them excellent vehicles for delivering a wide range of therapeutic medicines to the wound site.
Analytical Review on Newly Approved Antidiabetic and Antihypertensive Drugs
Authors: Pravalika K , V Subhashini
Published: April 2024

Diabetes and hypertension are the principal causes of death all over the world. Both diabetes and hypertension coexist frequently. Managing both is a multi-faced task requiring extensive care. Therapeutic intervention optimization and ensuring patient safety are the results of assessing medications in biological samples. The development of an analytical technique specific to the measurement of a medicinal chemical in a certain matrix requires careful consideration of the various equipment options and an understanding of their relative capabilities with regard to selectivity, sensitivity, usability, speed of investigation, etc. This article aimed to systematically analyze many popular quantitative analytical techniques for measuring some newly approved antidiabetic and antihypertensive drugs in pharmaceutical planning. Several chromatographic techniques have been employed for quantitative research into these pharmaceuticals. Rapid, accurate, cost-effective, and straightforward drug analysis methods are now essential for developing and using new technologies.
A Review on the Evaluation of Serum Adipokine (adiponectin, leptin) Levels in Cardiovascular Disease: A Systemic Review
Authors: Khan Kainaat , Mahmood Tariq , Singhal Alok , Agarwal Shalabh , Kapoor Sangeeta
Published: April 2024

Background: This review enumerates current knowledge of adipose tissue and reveals processes by which adipocytes affect obesity and cardiovascular illness. Obesity, according to growing evidence, is a crucial factor that influences cardiometabolic phenotypes. However, the pathogenic mechanisms are still unknown. As per recent reports, adipose tissue interacts with a variety of organs, including the lungs, heart, and kidneys, by secreting multiple cytokines known as adipokines. Aim and Objectives: The current study examines the adipokine (adiponectin and leptin) profiles of adipocytes from the adipose tissue and biochemical and clinical parameters in patients with heart disease (CVD). Methods: Relevant articles were retrieved by screening the following databases: Medline (PubMed, Scopus), Web of Science. Keyword searches included ‘adiponectin’, ‘leptin’, AND ‘cardiovascular disease’, from 2013-2023 (May). The retrieved studies were subjected through a screening procedure to identify case-control, cohort and epidemiological studies that contained the required data. Per preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and (PRISMA) guidelines, we conducted the systematic review. Results: A total of 2377 studies were found relevant, out of which only 90 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. From these 90 studies we reviewed 50 articles that are included in the systematic review. Conclusion: The dysfunction of adipose tissue triggered an alteration in the secretory profile of adipokines, which serves as a signal of metabolic disorder. An imbalance in pro- and anti-inflammatory adipokine formation exacerbates cardiometabolic diseases and CVD challenges
Role of Drugs in the Presence of HLA-B*51 and HLA-B*51 Subtypes in Iraqi Behcet’s Disease Patients
Authors: Al-Tai Tharwa H H , AL-Hadithi Hayfaa S , AL-Yasiry Dina S
Published: April 2024

Background: Behcet’s disease (BD) is a chronic, progressive disease with an unknown cause that affects numerous organs and systems. Several alleles of HLA-B*51(HLA-B*5101, HLA-B*5108, HLA-B*5105 and HLA-B*5104) are found to be associated with Behcet’s disease. Objective:. Detection of the most common HLA-B*51 subtypes in Iraqi Behcet’s disease patients. Patients and methods: This study compared 60 patients with BD to 30 healthy people as a control group from December 2020 to the end of May 2021. Their blood samples were taken in order to test for the presence of HLA-B*51 and HLA-B*51 subtypes using real-time PCR (rtPCR) and the sequence-specific primers technique (PCR-SSP). Results: HLA-B*51 frequency was highly significant among patient group 49 (81.70%) in comparison to the control group, and the most frequent subtype was HLA-B*5105 22 (36.67%) in Iraqi patients. Conclusion: In Iraq, there may be a link between HLA-B*51 frequency and Behcet’s illness patients. HLA-B5105 was the most common subtype in Iraqi patients.
Anna: The Dog Who Set the Ball Rolling for the Blue Baby Operation
Authors: Pradeep Doniparthi , Malakar Jaydeep
Published: April 2024

The practice of cardiac surgery has been greatly influenced by numerous notable figures throughout history. However, animal experiments have also played a crucial role in understanding the anatomy and physiology necessary for successful surgical interventions in humans. This is the author’s meek effort to hark back to the contributions of a dog who paved the route for the blue baby operation.
A nuanced presentation of congenital pleural effusion: The chylothorax
Authors: Vimal Santhwana , Rudrappa Sudha , Sundar S. Shyam
Published: April 2024

This article details a rare instance of congenital pleural effusion, the cause of which was chylothorax. Congenital pleural effusions have several potential causes. To determine the cause, a variety of prenatal and postnatal tests can be performed. The range of presentations and the seriousness of the case’s complications determine the management strategy. A case of chylothorax is presented in this article, which was treated conservatively after postnatal confirmation through pleural fluid analysis.
RANCANG BANGUN MESIN PENGISIAN MINUMAN TIGA RASA BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLER
Authors: Bachri Affan , Mauladi Kemal Farouq , Rohman Ahmad Atho’ur
Published: April 2024

Saat ini banyak layanan sarana dan prasarana yang semuanya telah berevolusi, perkembangan teknologi menuntut kompleksitas dalam segala hal, khususnya dalam penyajian minuman. Namun, kebanyakan para penjual minuman masih mengisi dengan cara manual dan kurang efisien dalam hal waktu. Oleh karena itu Mesin minuman ini dirancang untuk memudahkan dalam hal pengisian dan juga lebih efisien waktu. Mesin ini dirancang menggunakan sensor infrared dan motor pompa dc dengan sistem kendali mikro Arduino nano. Dalam melakukan penelitian ini, jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis penelitian kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk memahami suatu fenomena dalam konteks sosial secara ilmiah. Sedangkan metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimental, dengan melakukan eksperimen terhadap variabel-variabel control (input) untuk menganalisis output yang dihasilkan. Hasil penelitian ini menghasilkan mesin pengisian yang terbagi menjadi 3 blok yaitu blok masukan, proses keluaran. Pada blok masukan ini menggunakan sensor infrared E18-D80NK, tombol-tombol. Pada blok proses menggunakan mikrokontroler Arduino nano ATMega328. Sedangkan pada blok keluaran menggunakan motor pompa R385, LCD OLED 0,96”, buzzer.
IMPLEMENTASI SENSOR ARUS DAN TEGANGAN PADA SISTEM MONITORING ARUS DAN TEGANGAN (SIKUU)
Authors: Utami Nia Saputri , Banurea George Ray , Rahmadana Dani , Robbani M. Imam
Published: April 2024

Rancang Bangun Sistem Kendali Suhu Dan Lampu Pada Ruang Kantor (SIKUU) merupakan alat yang dibuat untuk melakukan otomatisasi menggunakan lampu dan kipas pada ruang kantor. Otomatisasi diperlukan dikarenakan banyak energi listrik yang terbuang sia-sia contohnya tidak mematikan saklar lampu dan kipas ketika tidak ada orang di ruang kantor. Jika dibuat otomatisasi maka dapat menghemat penggunaan energi listrik dan bisa menghemat pengeluaran membayar listrik. Alat ini juga berfungsi untuk menghemat serta monitoring penggunaan daya listrik yang digunakan. Untuk dapat melakukan monitoring penggunaan daya maka alat SIKUU dipasang sensor arus ACS712 dan sensor tegangan ZMPT101B. Sensor-sensor itu dikendalikan oleh mikrokontroler Atmega328. Pengujian sensor arus dan tegangan menggunakan beban yang berbeda beda untuk melihat akurasi dari sensor tersebut. Hasil pengujian sensor arus didapatkan rata-rata error sebesar 1,3%. Sedangkan hasil pengujian sensor tegangan rata-rata error sebesar 0,4%.
Protective Coating and Its Influen e on Corrosion Behavior of Metal Containers for High-Level Waste Immobilisation
Authors:   South Urals Research Center of Mineralogy and Geoecology of the Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lebedev A. S. , Eremyashev V. E. ,   South Urals Research Center of Mineralogy and Geoecology of the Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Rassomahin M. A. ,   South Urals Research Center of Mineralogy and Geoecology of the Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Korinevskaya G. G. ,   South Urals Research Center of Mineralogy and Geoecology of the Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2024

The article explores nickel-based protective coatings and their influen e on high-temperature changes occurring on the inner surface of steel containers designed for HLW immobilization provided their interaction with the melts of model waste form materials. It evaluates the corrosion behavior of container surfaces with a nickel-based protective coating depending on its application method, i.e., galvanic and chemical. The study indicates the factors governing the corrosion depth, i.e., the depth to which the container steel surface may get altered depending on 4 different waste form material compositions. The study demonstrates high efficien y of the galvanic method in terms of nickelbased protective coating application and the major influen e that high sodium and calcium content has on the depth of corrosion penetration into container surface.
Job satisfaction among physical education teachers: A systematic literature review
Authors: Gazali Novri , Saad Norazlinda , Setiawan Edi , Lobo Joseph
Published: April 2024

Background Problems: In recent decades, physical education teacher job satisfaction has become a topic of interest in academic literature. The important role of physical education teachers' job satisfaction in the quality of teaching and its potential to influence student achievement have attracted attention. Research Objectives: This study aims to comprehensively analyse the level of job satisfaction among physical education teachers through a systematic review of the existing literature. Methods: We selected articles containing information on this topic from two databases (Scopus and Web of Science). We conducted the search according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. After the exclusion criteria, only 26 articles were categorized, all published between 2014 and 2023. Findings/Results: This research reveals that physical education teachers’ job satisfaction has been investigated in 13 countries, with Turkey, the United States, and Greece being the main focus. Although the majority of physical education teachers expressed high levels of satisfaction, significant differences in satisfaction levels emerged between them. For example, in Slovakia and Poland, satisfaction levels were relatively low. The findings underline that administrative support, work-life balance, and economic considerations are key factors that influence physical education teachers’ job satisfaction. However, in this context, money and rewards, working conditions, and the availability of resources also play an important role in determining teacher satisfaction. Conclusion: The findings from this study highlight the need for a deeper understanding of the diverse factors impacting job satisfaction among physical education instructors. We can develop more effective policies and practices to improve teachers’ well-being and performance at both local and global levels by understanding these nuances. We suggest further investigations into job satisfaction among physical education teachers in the Asian region, particularly focusing on Southeast Asia. Additionally, exploring variables such as leadership, self-efficacy, school climate, and culture in future research can offer deeper insights into the determinants of job satisfaction.