bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Sciatica in Pregnancy and Its Impact on Quality of Life - A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Kokkalaki Daneshwari , Kesharwani Dr. Pooja
Published: April 2022

Background: Sciatica is a rare clinical entity of LBP that is experienced during pregnancy which can be caused due to various factors and may or may not affect the quality of life during pregnancy.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of sciatica in pregnant women and its related quality of life in pregnant women with sciatica symptoms
Methods: A cross sectional study including total of 812 who are in their third trimester pregnant women who visited the Obstetrics and Gynaecology outpatient department of SDM hospital and gave the consent were included in this study. Age, BMI, occupation, trimester, MC-LBP, PR-PBP and sciatica symptoms were recorded. The severity of the sciatica symptoms were measured using Sciatica Bothersomeness Index and quality of life was assessed using WHOQOL-BREF
Results: Prevalence was found out to be 16.9% in 812 pregnant ladies. Age, BMI,
MC-LBP, PR-LBP, were significantly associated with sciatica in the third trimester of pregnancy. Physical domain of WHOQOL-BREF had a significance difference between the sciatica pregnant women and non-sciatica pregnant women.
Conclusion: Prevalence rate is 16.9% and is associated with QOL with or without sciatica symptoms in third trimester pregnant women.

Keywords: Pregnancy, Sciatica, QOL, pregnancy related back pain.
New-onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus presenting with Macrophage Activation Syndrome and Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage: a case-based review
Authors: Calheiros Cruz Gonçalo , Sousa Mariana , Vilela Sara , Gouveia Rita
Published: April 2022

Macrophage activation syndrome is a form of secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in the setting of autoimmune diseases. It’s a rare, hyperinflammatory complication requiring prompt institution of therapy to prevent organ dysfunction and death. We report a young female presenting with macrophage activation syndrome with multiorgan failure and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in the setting of inaugural systemic lupus erythematosus. The patient was successfully treated with steroids, plasma exchange and cyclophosphamide.
An Integrated Approach of TBLT and GBP to Medical Translation Instruction: A Suggested Model
Authors: Al-Otaibi Ghuzayyil Mohammed
Published: April 2022

Producing an accurate translation means communicating meaning successfully to target text's recipients. It also implies preserving the various relations (i.e., how each linguistic form suggests meaning with regard to a specific context) that the source text exhibits. Hence, translators should first analyze the source text before producing its translation. Medical translation is a technical translation and includes various text types that do not form a homogenous group. However, translator trainers focus only on one text type in class, and less exposure to other text types is expected. The current proposal is based on a needs analysis, based on two types of questionnaires, unstructured interviews, and document analysis of course descriptions and specifications, that aimed at identifying translators' target needs at the English Language Program at the college of Languages and Translation (COLT). Thus, this article suggests an integrated approach of Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) and (Genre-Based Pedagogy) GBP for medical translation instruction where attention is paid to text analysis. As TBLT enhances interactivity, critical thinking, problem solving, learner autonomy, etc., GBP encourages the exposure to various genre conventions and enhances textual analysis. The suggested integrated model is of three stages (i.e., pre-tasking, tasking, post-tasking including reporting, analysis, revision, and reflection) and ensures activating a number of components in the translation competence. Besides proposing a model to follow in class, the researcher designed a syllabus that gives importance to certain genres (e.g., forms, emails, policies, terms and conditions, reports, etc.), skills (e.g., using dictionaries, having good research skills, using technology, and time management), and evaluation criteria.
Supervision
Authors: Rauschenberger Petra
Published: April 2022

Eine Dynamik im Diskurs der Professionalisierung von Lehrpersonen ist identifizierbar. Verstärkt ausgelöst durch den sozialen Wandel, der auf Veränderungsprozesse, wie zum Beispiel ökonomische und technische Entwicklungen und die demographische Struktur, reagiert, gewinnt die Professionalisierung im schulpädagogischen Bereich vermehrt an Bedeutung. Hierzu ist die Professionsforschung mit unterschiedlichen theoretischen Ansätzen zur Professionalisierung von Lehrpersonen gefordert, die Transformation im Handlungsfeld Schule zu begleiten. Die Professionsforschung bezieht sich in diesem Kontext auf die Wichtigkeit der Reflexivität (Idel et al., 2021).

Dieser Beitrag zeigt mittels der theoretischen Bezüge der Professionsforschung den Zusammenhang zur Reflexivität auf und begründet durch verschiedene theoretische Ansätze den Einsatz des Instrumentes der Supervision für die Professionalisierung von Lehrpersonen im Handlungsfeld Schule und plädiert für einen Ausbau der Supervisionsangebote für Lehrpersonen.
The Effect of Arthrospira Platensis on the Acute Toxicity of Artemeter Lumefantrine in Malaria Patients
Authors: Abid Abdul Rahman , Sattar Saim , Saleem Muhammad Hassan
Published: April 2022

Malaria has remained one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in most developing countries. This pathology is caused by the Plasmodium spp. Artemisinin-based combination therapy is recommended by current WHO guidelines for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria (ACT). -Linolenic acid, one of the necessary fatty acids, is abundant in the microscopic filamentous alga Arthrospira platensis, which is rich in proteins, vitamins, vital amino acids, and minerals (GLA). The current study was carried out to evaluate the effect of Arthrospira platensis on the liver and kidney toxicity induced by ACT. Malaria patients were randomized into two groups to receive therapeutic dose of either artemether-lumefantrine 20/120mg (group 1) or artemether-lumefantrine 20/120mg + Arthrospira platensis 8g daily (group2) as an adjunct therapy and follow-up for 7 days. After treatment their liver and kidney Biochemical parameters (ALT, AST, ALB, UREA, CREAT) were measured. Both pre and post treatment samples were analyzed and the results gotten compared with control group made up of malaria negative patients. Serum activity of selected biomarkers (ALT, AST, ALB, UREA) of malaria patients were seen to be statistically significant (P<0.05) on D0 when compared to that of malaria negative patients. This study showed that Arthrospira platensis prevented the artemether-lumefantrine induced significant changes on the liver and kidney biochemical parameters analyzed. The results obtained from this study, indicate that Arthrospira platensis has a positive effect on the liver and kidney toxicity induced by ACT and hence could be administered together with ACT in malaria treatment. Keywords: Malaria, ACT, Toxicity, Arthrospira platensis, oxidative damage
ASPECTS REGARDING MULTINATIONAL LOGISTIC SUPPORT IN NATO OPERATIONS. LIMITATIONS AND CONSTRAINTS
Authors: TRIF Robert-Cristian
Published: April 2022

Within the North Atlantic Treaty Organization / NATO we have in most cases operations and activities supported in a multinational environment, diverse and especially different in terms of technology and levels of training. The logistics of military actions is one of the pillars and basic factors taken into account right from the moment of their preparation, which initiates a widespread need to understand the phenomenon of multinational logistical support, both tactically and operationally, as well as issues related to legality, funding, responsibilities, limitations and constraints. We also believe that multinational logistical support must primarily reflect the interests of the state and, secondarily, the obligations of the state that generates the logistical support in accordance with the treaties, conventions and alliances to which it is a party. At the same time, we believe that the harmonization of national strategic cultures and logistics cultures is a major challenge that will find a rather difficult answer. Also, noting the current technological advancement but also the growing threats of Russia, we believe that defining on the territory of one of the NATO member states on the eastern border a large and rapid reaction logistical support capacity would be one of the solutions for ensuring the least material support of NATO's eastern countries in the event of military aggression that would invoke Article 5. Major logistical support provided by the alliance could support frontline countries to military support from other members, thus decongesting the material burden, being able to focus on the conduct of combat actions.
RIGHTS AND DIGNITY OF SENIOR CITIZENS A Socio - Legal Analysis
Authors: Jaspreet Kaur Hanspal
Published: April 2022

Aging is an inevitable consequence of life. Elderly are the valuable treasures of our society with superior knowledge and have a linkage of the past, present and future that was then passed to forthcoming peer groups and served as a healthy bonding between young and elderly. The paper provides highlights of certain rights of senior citizens and challenges faced in recent times. How far have we as a society come to give a better life to elderly? The westernization and modernization of society has resulted in a “cultural shock” but society should be so developed to retain its values, culture and civilization. Human Rights are part and parcel of Human Dignity, adequately secured by various provisions of Indian Constitution, national and international texts. The Indian judiciary has frequently addressed many issues of the social relationships by stressing on constitutional provisions peculiarly Article 14 and 21. In this year 2022, India will be celebrating its 75th Independence but the intent behind this legislation pertaining to elderly is yet not fully achieved. A character of law cannot be seen in isolation, above that it needs to be emotionally connected which will serve the true purpose of a particular law because certain matters in our society are emotionally connected to people. Despite the physical health problems, they are affected by mental health issues, the Covid-19 Pandemic accelerated doubts such as ‘End of life’ and additional burden of the deadly disease and associated evils of social distancing. There exists a need for more age-friendly cities in India to combat loneliness. The maturity and seniority should not be taken as a word but an actual sense of superiority is needed towards observing them as a resource rather than a burden.
Solving linear programming problem using approximate optimization method
Authors: Almosa Nadia Ali Abbas , Al-Jilawi Ahmed Sabah
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we will define optimization, linear programming, and the duality of linear programming and demonstrate them in practice through several examples in which the Python language was used to display the final outputs using codes for various libraries. We will also illustrate the method of approximation to Tyler by defining the strategy and demonstrating it in practice through an example.
study on the awareness on menstrual hygiene among females of Dibrugarh District
Authors: Sahu Ekta , Chetry Pratima
Published: April 2022

Menstruation cycle is the sign of womanhood. It is a physiological process indicating the beginning of reproductive life. But, sometimes it is considered as an unclean phenomenon in the Indian society. Due to insufficient knowledge and social taboos, there are many myths prevailed in our Indian society. This paper aims to study the different myths about menstrual taboos in our society and the awareness about menstrual hygiene among females of teenage groups. The study showed that there are still many myths about menstruation prevalent in our society and the level of awareness is also low among the teenagers as well their parents.
Cloud secured mobile e-learning system solutions using machine learning approach
Authors: Begum K. Jarina , Nirmala K
Published: April 2022

Specifically designed learning models namely the mobile learning systems are conveniently available at a mobile device. The following are the difficulties that mobile learning systems must overcome: connection speed, processing power, adaptability, and the difficulty of attaining security. In this paper, we design and construct a cloud-based secure mobile e-learning management system (CSMELMS) for educational purposes. The system is made up of three primary modules, which are the client, mobile network, and cloud model. The client model makes the users to access the data via mobile application, which is connected to a mobile network using the client model. The authentication server is responsible for ensuring that each user attempting to access the system is who they claim to be. The CSMELMS system was developed using the Java programming language with the database being provided by MySQL. When the model is tested using a machine learning algorithm, it was found to be effective at enabling it for available to students when and where they need them. The utilisation of machine learning concepts enables better and secured operations for educational purposes. The results of simulation shows that this model is better at providing a better e-learning portal for students and teachers.
Toxicological Investigation of Aqueous extract of Ziziphus mauritiana Leaves on Wistar Rats
Authors: OWOLARAFE Tajudeen , IHEGBORO Godwin , SALAWU Kailani , ONONAMADU Chimaobi , FADILU Mujıburrahman , MUSA Bashir
Published: April 2022

Objective: Plant parts have been useful for food and remedies to various disease conditions for man long ago, but few have been studied for their toxicological effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical constituents and toxicological impacts of aqueous extract (AqE) Ziziphus mauritiana leaves on Wistar rats.

Material-Method: The plant material was identified and authenticated at the harberium of Bayero University Kano and extraction were carried out by maceration. Phytochemical screening was carried-out using standard methods while administration of the extract was orally. Liver and kidney functional parameters were evaluated using standard kits and the histopathological evaluation were carried out according to the standard method.

Results: Qualitative phytoconstituents screening revealed the presence of all Alkaloids, Saponin. Glycosides, tannin, flavonoids and others except anthraquinones while the quantitative screen showed phenol having the highest concentration while alkaloids have the lowest concentration. Acute toxicity revealed that the extract is non-toxic with LD50 above 5000 mg/kg body weight (BW), while subchronic toxicological evaluation revealed no significant adverse effect on all haematological parameters except WBC while the liver function parameters revealed an increase in serum GGT activity at 400 mg/kg body weight and the kidney function parameters showed alteration in serum creatinine, sodium, potassium, and bicarbonate concentrations. Significant effects on liver/body weight ratio at 400 and 1000 mg/kg BW was observed. Histoarchitectural alteration was observed in liver and kidney histopathological evaluation.

Conclusion: The observation from this research indicates that prolonged administration of this extract may lead the severe adverse effects on the biological system.
A Case Study of the Perceived Impact of Disruptive Behavior among Grades 9 and 11 Students on their Academic Performance at a Corporate High School
Authors: Simpson Reckonel
Published: April 2022

Educators in schools for the past two decades have been faced with the problem of disruptive behavior in classrooms. The rate and extent to which schools in Jamaica and elsewhere have been experiencing disruptive behavior among students has generated the attention of many within the classrooms and in another places. The present study examined school personnel perceptions of the causes of disruptive behavior among a set of grades 9 and 11 students in a corporate area high school and the impact that disruptive behavior had on their own and their classmates’ achievement. It also examined how educators respond to students who are consistently disruptive in the classroom. The primary data collecting instruments used to conduct this case study comprised: semi-structured interviews, observation, and the reviewing of archival data on students’ academic performance. The results of the study revealed that school personnel hypothesized several causes of disruptive behavior in classrooms. These were inclusive of parental influence and home environment, community environment, peer influence, socioeconomic status, difficult personal circumstances, illiteracy, learning disability (ADHD), attention seeking, and problems with teaching. Also mentioned, were attitudes of teachers, and structural classroom dynamics. All the participants believed that disruptive behavior had a strong impact on students’ performance, a belief borne out by achievement data. The observations revealed that although teachers used a variety of approaches to respond to disruptive behavior, those approaches were almost exclusively responsive. The study suggested that specialized training, regarding classroom disruptive behavior, should be implemented to better equip school personnel with the techniques to deal effectively with classroom disruptive behavior. Keywords: Academic achievement, Disruptive behavior, Academic Performance
Pembuatan Sensor Cahaya dengan Memanfaatkan LED dan LDR Berbasis Arduino Uno
Authors: Syukron Ahmad Aftah , Isnaini Lilis Elviyanti
Published: April 2022

The recent technological developments are increasingly sophisticated and easy. So that the general public is easier to use. The development of this technology, then scientists are encouraged to create a new technologies. One that is often developed is the sensor. The aim of this research is to make a light sensor that utilizes LED and LDR as its main components. This light sensor can be used as alight measurement sensor from an optical material such as a fiber optic, or something else. The LDR performance testing as a detector is done by varying the light intensity of the hitting LDR. Test results show that the LDR sensitivity used is linear to the light intensity from the light source. Arduino uno is the main component of ADC. The ADC testing is done by varying the voltage on the arduino uno A0 analog pin from 0 V to 5 V in 0.1 V increments. In this research, the straight line equation y = 1.00532x + 0.00221 and R2 = 0.99988. From the this equation, it is known that the value of y is almost the same as the value of x and linearity is almost close to 1. This shows that the ADC output is almost the same as the input voltage.

Keywords: Sensor, LED, LDR, Arduino Uno
Konsep Ajaran Tasawuf: Studi Perbandingan Pemikiran Al-Ghazali dan Rabi’ah Adawiyah
Authors: Ida Faridatul Hasanah Ida Faridatul Hasanah , Fitriyah Fitriyah
Published: April 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk menelaah pemikiran Rabi’ah Adawiyah dalam konsep tasawuf mahabbah dan Al-Ghazali dengan konsep ma’rifah-nya. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian pustaka (library research) dengan metode pengumpulan data dan teknik dokumentasi. Sifat penelitian ini deskriptif-komparatif menguraikan pemikiran Al-Ghazali dan pemikiran Rabi’ah Al-Adawiyah. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada hakikatnya ajaran tasawuf Al-Ghazali dan Rabi’ah adawiyah ialah sama, yakni bermuara menuju al-Haq (Allah swt).  Meskipun demikian terdapat beberapa perbedaan pemikiran pada kedua tokoh ini, yakni ajaran Rabi’ah Adawiyah ialah teori  mahabbah, menurutnya puncak dari ajaran tasawuf dituangkan melalui syair-syair serta kalimat-kalimat puitis yang merupakan bentuk cinta murni kepada Tuhan. Sedangkan ajaran tasawuf menurut Imam Al-Ghazali yakni teori Ma’rifat; mengetahui rahasia Sang Pencipta dan mengetahui peraturan-peraturan Allah tentang segala yang ada. Alat untuk memperoleh ma’rifat bersandar pada sirr, qalb dan roh.
Indicativos da criminalidade e modelos de gestão aplicados pela polícia militar para redução de índices criminais na microrregião do Vale do Juruá, Acre
Authors: Da Silva Evandro Bezerra , Rogério Edvan da Silva , Dos Santos Daniel Teixeira , Nogueira Robson Belo , Da Paixão Dáinei Costa , De Lima Arnaldo Silva , De Araújo Marlon Lima
Published: April 2022

A “Guerra” por rotas de tráfico de drogas desencadeou no Brasil ondas de violência em locais, onde os índices de criminalidade eram relativamente baixos. Estados que nunca tinham enfrentado ataques às suas instituições de segurança pública se depararam com essa nova realidade e para dar uma resposta passaram a se organizar a fim oferecer controle ao novo cenário. Uma das realidades atacadas foi a do Estado do Acre, vários ataques foram realizados contra agentes de segurança pública e instituições, fato que exigiu das forças policiais um novo posicionamento frente as novas ameaças. Para oferecer um modelo de gestão de segurança, a Polícia Militar na Microrregião do Vale do Juruá adotou metodologias de análise de ocorrências, reorganizando o efetivo, instalando uma seção de inteligência, estímulos ao efetivo policial, melhorando as condições de trabalho e o nível de treinamento da força convencional dedicada ao atendimento de ocorrências rotineiras e o patrulhamento ostensivo, oferecendo maior segurança durante o serviço, e criando unidades especializadas que seriam focadas no combate ao crime organizado. Esse modelo adotado, gerou reduções significativas no número de crimes violentos (Homicídios e Tentativas de Homicídio), onde por meio de análise de dados e informações de inteligência, o policiamento foi reorientado e posicionado em pontos de maior incidência de crimes. Apesar da redução de crimes violentos, o número de roubos aumentou e o emprego de armas de fogo nesse delito se tornou comum, trazendo outros desafios, mas nos indicando que a atividade criminosa tende a migrar sempre de um ato delituoso para outro, sendo necessário versatilidade das forças de segurança na criação de metodologias de combate ao crime.
Nanobiosensors for the Detection of Cell Free Mirna in Carcinogenesis – A Mini Review
Authors: Rajamanickam Karunanithi
Published: April 2022

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs with small number of nucleotides and control gene expression primarily at post-transcriptional and transcriptional phases [1]. The target gene expression is regulated by these miRNAs by degrading or inhibiting translation of the respective messenger RNA. The primary functions of miRNAs include regulating immune system, differentiation and development, cell proliferation, cancer and cell cycle by as hitherto unknown mechanism. MiRNAs have significant contribution to malignancy by releasing tumour suppressors and oncogenes. Different miRNA profiles are responsible for various types of tumours, hence, could serve as phenotype signature for different cancers. This unique identification can be used in cancer diagnostics, prognostics and therapeutics. Hence, discovery of new miRNAs will pave novel path in understanding the cancer genetics. However, smaller size, low concentration, sequence homology and stability are some of the major challenges involved in classification and specific recognition of miRNAs. To overcome these problems, synthesis of a nano-biosensor might assist in detection of differentially regulated miRNAs with high sensitivity, specificity and cost-effective manner. A major complication for integrating nanoformulation into clinical application is the additional toxicity. This can be circumvented by using non-toxic shells along with surface modification which can also increases the ability of NPs to detect circulating cell free miRNAs in a non-invasive manner. This ultra-short review provides comprehensive information on nanoformulations suitable for detecting these miRNAs and their biogenesis, effects in disease and treatment condition especially in cancer.
Research Progress in Dressing Selection for Diabetic Wound Healing
Authors: Man Yunqi , Liu Chengcheng
Published: April 2022

Diabetes and its complications are among the important factors affecting the physical health of the middle-aged and elderly people in China, and diabetic wounds are one of them. Diabetic wounds are incurable and easily not easily controlled by recurrent infections. In the treatment of diabetic wounds, the use of wound dressings is one of the most important means, so selecting a rational dressing is essential for the treatment of diabetic wounds.
The Critical Review Towards the Article of Professor Miglionico on the Disclosure Regime of Credit Rating Agencies
Authors: Jiao Wenjian , Jiang Yang
Published: April 2022

Generally, those Credit Rating Agencies are regarded as commercial institutions that provide professional suggestions on the possibility of the issuer repaying its debts in full and on time. For investors, it could be utilized to ensure the transparency of credit quality and quarterly disclose relevant information, in order to provide assistance to investors to familiarize themselves with relevant financial markets. Although credit rating is not a guarantee or absolute indicator, it is, to a large extent, an essential tool in the process of critical decision-making. It is commendable that the author Miglionico has effectively analysed the role and limitations of CRA system which makes it deserves to be studied.
CAS Theory Perspective of Community Emergency Management Factors and Coping Strategies
Authors: Zhu Haoran
Published: April 2022

With the rapid development of community culture and economy, people pay more attention to the frequent occurrence of community accidents. In order to protect the life and property safety of community residents and establish a safe and harmonious community, how to carry out rapid and effective emergency management of community accidents has become the focus of every community manager must think. Based on the theory of complex adaptive system, this paper discusses how to form the characteristic emergency management system for community by taking the gas explosion of Shenyang hotel as an example. The results show that in the community emergency management, in addition to the four management elements of human, material, environment and system, a dual emergency mode should be established with the community emergency response team as the leader and the fire medical support force to improve the emergency handling and response capacity of community accidents, and effectively reduce the loss of life and property of residents.
De Geest zweeft over de wateren?!
Authors: Hasselaar Jan Jorrit
Published: April 2022

In de Paasnacht wordt in diverse kerken het water gezegend. In die nacht klinkt het bijvoorbeeld in de oud-katholieke liturgie: ‘Uw Geest zweefde bij het begin van de wereld over de wateren, opdat zij toen reeds de kracht der heiligmaking zouden ontvangen’ (Oud-Katholieke Kerk van Nederland 1993, 127). Via het Exodusverhaal beweegt de liturgie zich naar het zegenen van het water vandaag de dag, zodat water ook in het nu een kracht kan zijn ‘… om heel de mensheid te vernieuwen’ (OKK 1993, 128). In protestantse en rooms-katholieke vieringen vinden we een soortgelijke liturgie in de Paasnacht. Dit gebruik in de paasliturgie lijkt haaks te staan op de dagelijkse realiteit. In onze tijd van klimaatverandering lijkt water dikwijls meer een destructieve kracht dan een helende kracht te zijn. Een legitieme vraag die gesteld kan worden is of de Geest vandaag de dag nog wel ‘over de wateren zweeft’. Dit artikel vindt zijn inbedding in het veld van ecotheologie. Het verkent een politiek van hoop. Eerst richt ik me op het werk van Jonathan Sacks. Daarna presenteer ik een case study uit Kaapstad.
Overheersing, rentmeesterschap of holisme?
Authors: Fortuin Nienke
Published: April 2022

In veel culturen heeft water een religieuze of spirituele betekenis. Voor een goed waterbeheer is het dan ook belangrijk dat we ons bewust zijn van het bestaan van verschillende ontologische visies op water (Jepson et al. 2017). Water speelt als oerelement een belangrijke rol in de scheppingsverhalen van vele culturen en tradities. Het leven is voortgekomen uit het water, en water symboliseert zowel leven, wedergeboorte als vernietiging (Peppard 2016, 286). Water komt voor in 514 verzen van de Nieuwe Bijbelvertaling, waar het zich in allerlei facetten toont: als oerkracht, als zuiverend en reinigend element, als overrompelende, dreigende of vernietigende kracht en als levengevend beginsel. Water boetseert ons landschap, vormt ecosystemen, bevordert of belemmert het leven van flora en fauna en is onmisbaar voor onze samenlevingen, economieën en culturen (Peppard 2016, 285). Omdat de waterproblematiek waar we mondiaal voor staan niet alleen een kwestie is van technologische oplossingen maar ook van principiële keuzes, kan onze levensbeschouwing een belangrijke rol spelen bij het aanpakken van deze problemen (Chuvieco 2012). Onze levensbeschouwing is verbonden met de wijze waarop we omgaan met de natuur. Geertz (1973, 89, 126-127) stelt dat religies een betekenisvolle relatie demonstreren tussen de waarden van mensen (ethos) en hun beeld van hoe de dingen zijn in de onversneden realiteit; hun meest omvattende idee van orde (world view). Enerzijds biedt onze levensbeschouwing een model van de werkelijkheid, omdat deze een beknopte formulering geeft van de aard van de werkelijkheid. Onze levensbeschouwing biedt een kosmologie die ingaat op het ontstaan van het universum en een ontologie die inzicht biedt in ons zijn ten opzichte van het zijn van andere levende wezens. Anderzijds biedt onze levensbeschouwing een model voor de werkelijkheid, omdat deze ons als het ware een sjabloon aanreikt om daadwerkelijk een werkelijkheid met een zodanig karakter voort te brengen (Geertz 1973, 95, 123). Onze levensbeschouwing biedt een waardeleer (axiologie) die richtlijnen verschaft voor ons handelen. Onze levensbeschouwing biedt dus niet alleen een model van onze relatie tot het ons omringende water, maar ook een model voor hoe we ten opzichte van dit water dienen te handelen. Dit leidt tot de volgende onderzoeksvraag: Welke relatie tussen mens en water volgt uit onze levensbeschouwing, en hoe weerspiegelt zich dat in onze omgang met water?
Publiceren in de praktische theologie en religiewetenschap
Authors: Schilderman Hans
Published: April 2022

Handelingen anno 2022 vernieuwt de communicatie, haalt de band met lezers aan en blijft een onmisbare bijdrage bieden aan het handelen van professionals op het terrein van religie en samenleving. Vanaf dit maartnummer is voortaan Handelingen voor alle lezers beschikbaar in open access-vorm en nog steeds voor iedereen die dat wil on demand als papieren tijdschrift te ontvangen. Ter inleiding en markering daarom enkele gedachten over de uitdagingen waar wij als redactie voor staan.
Gemeenschappelijk ‘wonden-werk’
Authors: Zorgdrager Heleen
Published: April 2022

De commotie rond The Voice heeft opnieuw duidelijk gemaakt hoe groot de impact is van seksuele grensoverschrijding op de slachtoffers. Allerlei mechanismen van buiten en binnen zorgen ervoor dat zij langer zwijgen dan goed voor hen is, en dat daders ermee weg kunnen komen. Seksuele grensoverschrijding raakt de fundamenten van je bestaan. Pastores en geestelijk verzorgers kunnen in hun werk eraan bijdragen dat slachtoffers veiligheid ervaren om tot spreken komen. Ze kunnen helpen een klimaat te scheppen waarin de gemeenschap een bedding geeft aan verhalen van schaamte en pijn. In dit artikel worden vrouwen en mannen uitgenodigd om getuigen te zijn en mee te gaan doen aan gemeenschappelijk ‘wonden-werk’.
Theologische kritiek van de geleefde religie
Authors: Praamsma Jan Marten
Published: April 2022

De laatste decennia laten een enorme pluralisering zien op het religieus en geestelijk erf. Die ontwikkeling heeft een einde gemaakt aan de min of meer vanzelfsprekende aansluiting van de theoloog in zijn rol als geestelijk verzorger, godsdienstleraar, kerkelijk werker of anderszins op de beleving en ervaring van de mensen waarmee hij of zij werkt. Deze bijdrage onderzoekt hoe dit spanningsveld wordt gethematiseerd in het praktisch-theologisch discours, in het bijzonder binnen de lectoraten die zijn verbonden aan opleidingen hbo-theologie. Daarin zal blijken dat het écht serieus nemen van veelkleurigheid en pluraliteit slechts mogelijk is door zich ook als een kritisch tegenover daarvan op te stellen. Thuis zijn in een eigen theologische traditie is daarbij in de meeste gevallen onontbeerlijk.
Een nieuwe horizon voor Handelingen
Authors: Redactie Handelingen
Published: April 2022

Handelingen – tijdschrift voor praktische theologie en religiewetenschap gaat het bereik vergroten. Een verandering die gepaard gaat met achteromkijken én een vooruitblik! Hans Schilderman, tien jaar hoofdredacteur van Handelingen en hoogleraar Empirische en praktische religiewetenschap aan de Radboud Universiteit, en Ciska Stark, ruim tien jaar redactielid van Handelingen en universitair hoofddocent Praktische theologie aan de Protestantse Theologische Universiteit, in gesprek over tijdschrift en context.
The Mediation Effect of Country Risk in the Nexus Between Stock Market Development and Economic Growth: Evidence From Developing Countries
Authors: El-Sady Hassan , Ragab Amira , Mohsen Dina
Published: April 2022

The aim of this paper was to investigate the mediation effects of a country’s (a) political risk (PR), (b) economic risk (ER), and (c) financial risk (FR) in the relationship between domestic stock market development (SMD) and economic growth (EG) in developing countries. SMD was measured: (a) once by total value of domestically-traded stock as a percentage of GDP (TVDTS/GDP), (b) once by stock market turnover ratio (SMTR), and (c) once by stock market capitalization as a percentage of GDP (SMC/GDP). EG was measured in terms of annual growth of real GDP (GDPG). PR, ER and FR were measured using the World Bank’s International Country Risk Guide’s political, economic and financial risk scales, respectively. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze panel data from 23 developing economies for the years 2007-2017. Our results revealed a significant positive indirect effect of TVDTS/GDP on GDPG through PR and FR, and a significant positive indirect effect of SMTR on GDPG through PR.
Impact of projected climate change on wheat varieties in Uttarakhand, India
Authors: S. K. DUBEY  , S. K. TRIPATHI  , G. PRANUTHI  , RESHU YADAV
Published: April 2022

Crop production is naturally sensitive to variability in climate. Temperature and CO2 are two important parameters related to climate change, which affect yield of crop. To test the hypothesis an attempt has been made to assess the impact of these two parameters on the growth, yield and physiology of wheat cultivars (HD2285, HUW 234, PBW 343, PBW 226, Raj 3765 and Raj 3077) grown in North – West plain of Uttarakhand. For this purpose CERES-Wheat model v.4.5 was used. Total five CO2 concentrations as projected by IPCC i.e. Ambient (380 ppm), +100, +200, +300, and +400 ppm have been used in the model. However, on the basis of study carried out in the region, the model was run and rerun for temperatures rise by 0.50C, 1.00C, 1.50C and 2.00C from current temperature levels. Percent deviation of phenology, leaf area index, yield, evapotranspiration and WUE from baseline was estimated and analyzed to assess the effect of elevated temperature and CO2.The model results showed that the yields and WUE of all the varieties increased significantly under elevated CO2 concentrations and decreased significantly with increasing temperatures. Among the cultivars PBW 343 performed well under various temperature as well as CO2 scenarios and found to be high yielding with an average grain yield potential of 5628 and 5669 kg ha-1. Variety HD 2285 was found to be more sensitive in response to varying level of CO2 with the average change of 40.6% from baseline. Varieties such as PBW 343, HUW 234 and Raj 3765 are best performer varieties in term of growth (LAI), yield (grain and biomass) physiology (total evapotranspiration and WUE) and have ability to sustain in changing climate. Thus these cultivars can be recommended for cultivation in SW plains of Uttarakhand state.
Management options to increase groundnut productivity under climate change at selected sites in India
Authors: PIARA SINGH  , N. P. SINGH  , K. J. BOOTE  , S. NEDUMARAN  , K. SRINIVAS  , M. C. BANTILAN
Published: April 2022

Climate change is projected to alter the growing conditions of groundnut crop differently in different regions of India. The CROPGRO-Groundnut model was used to quantify the impact of climate change on the productivity of groundnut at three sites (Anantapur, Mahboobnagar and Junagadh) in India.Increase in temperature significantly (p<0.05) decreased pod yield of groundnut at all the sites by 2050. But the net effect of changes in temperature, rainfall and CO2 was 4% decrease in yieldat Anantapur and 11% increase at both Mahboobnagar and Junagadh. A number of agronomic practices evaluated under climate change atAnantapur showed that the maximum increase in yield was simulated with supplemental irrigation, followed by delay in sowing and growing a longer maturity variety. At Mahboobnagar, the maximum yield gain was with delayed sowing, followed by growing a longer maturity variety, supplemental irrigation and application of crop residues. At Junagadh, the yield increase was the maximum with supplemental irrigation, followed by application of crop residues. It is concluded that the relative contribution and prioritization of agronomic practices to increase groundnut yield under climatechange varied with the region and the CROPGRO-Groundnut modelwas useful in quantifying such benefits.
Development of prediction equations for early blight leaf spot on tomato under different fungicides treatments
Authors: POLY SAHA  , SRIKANTA DAS
Published: April 2022

Field experiment was conducted during 2008-09 and 2009-10 to study the influence of different weather factors on the development of early blight on tomato caused by Alternaria solani (Ell. and Mart.) under six different fungicidal treatments and also to compare the two transformation models viz. Logit and Gompertz through which the disease progress curve move over time. Here, different prediction equationswere developed for each fungicide treatment separately through step down multiple regression analysis which showed that different meteorological factors having different influence on disease severity and these were done after Logistic and Gompertz transformation of the realized observed value of the disease severity (expressed as AUDPC).Results revealed that among the six fungicides tested Mancozeb was superior in controlling the disease severity with the lowest (AUDPC: 97.34 and 95.74) for the two experimental years respectively. Linearization of area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) following the two models (Logit and Gompit) showed that Gompit fit better than Logit for the prediction of early blight disease severity and this was confirmed by the low standard error estimate value of Gompertz. The co-efficient of determination value (R2) showed thatvariation in disease severity can be explained up to 77 percent (with an exception 85percent in case of Mancozeb application in 2009-10) in Logistic as well as 88 percent in Gompertz with combined effect of the weather variables included in the present study. Among the seven meteorological factors considered only average temperature,RH and total rainfall were found to act positively and significantly,whereas, bright sunshine hours were found to have negative significant effect on early blight disease severity on tomato. These situations were observed in both the transformation models but vary with in the treatments and with in the years.
Farm level water footprints of rice production based on measured and estimated crop evapo-transpiration
Authors: GOURANGA KAR  , ASHWANI KUMAR  , RAJBIR SINGH
Published: April 2022

Studies have been conducted to quantify water footprint (WF) on high spatial scale in which crop evapo-transpiration (ETc) was computed indirectly using empirical formula. In this study attempt has been made to quantify field level W F of rice production (varieties: ‘Lalat’ and ‘Gayatri’) in eastern India based on measured ETc. The measured values were compared with other 3 methods like Pan Evaporimeter, Bowen ratio and Penman Monteith methods. Based on measured field water balance study, 562 and 688 mm of ETc were recorded for ‘Lalat’ and ‘Gayatri’ varieties, respectively and water footprints of 2470 and 2704 m3 t-1 were computed in these two respective varieties when no nitrogen was applied. But WFs of 1316 and 1394 m3 t-1 were recorded under 150 kg N ha-1 in these two respective varieties. Thus it can be concluded that W F of a crop to a large extent was influenced by agricultural management adopted. Among different methods, the pan-evaporimeter method estimated ETc values very close to the measured one, whereas, Bowen Ratio and Penman-Monteith methods overestimated ETc values by 11-12 percent.
Microclimatic alteration through protective cultivation and its effect on tomato yield
Authors: PRAGYAN KUMARI  , RAJAN KUMAR OJHA  , ABHIVYAKTI  , A. WADOOD  , RAJNISH PRASAD RAJESH
Published: April 2022

Microclimatic alteration produced by mulching with different coloured plastic sheets, inside and outside the polyhouse and its effect on yield of tomato was studied during 2012-13 at Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi. The mean weekly minimum and maximum air temperature during last week of December to 1st week of March were found to be higher by 2 to 9 0C inside the polyhouse than open field. Relative humidity was always higher in the open field during January to February by 2 to 7 % but it was higher inside the polyhouse in the months of March to May by 4 % at 7.00 AM. Almost a similar trend at 2.00 PM was also observed but during March to April relative humidity was higher by 10 % in polyhouse condition. The maximum available light intensity inside the polyhouse was about 30 to 40 % lower than that of the open field irrespective of growth stages. Average soil temperature was found to be higher by 2 to 5 0C under open field condition than inside the polyhouse. Leaf temperature of tomato grown under polyhouse was always lower than the open field condition. These microclimatic conditions inside the polyhouse favoured the performance of tomato and fruit yield obtain from the polyhouse was 65 t ha-1 against 33 t ha-1 from the open field
Islamic Financial Bank Performance in Indonesia and Malaysia
Authors: Biduri Sarwenda , Hariyanto Wiwit , Hermawan Sigit , Nindiyah Endra Wahyu
Published: April 2022

The increasing popularity of Islamic banks with the opening of various Islamic banks, both independent and as one of the long-established subsidiaries of conventional banks, seems to show that the banking industry, which applies Sharia principles in every business step, promises profitable business expansion opportunities. The purpose of this study is to compare the financial performance of Islamic commercial banks that were established in Indonesia and Malaysia in the 2016 – 2018 period using general financial ratios, namely the ratio of CAR, ROA, FDR and Total Asset Turnover. The research sample was taken by purposive sampling. The data obtained were analyzed by descriptive statistical methods to see the overall performance of banks both within and between countries, then the independent sample t test was used to see the significance of the differences in the performance of each type of banking industry in each country, both in Indonesia and Malaysia. This study shows that the financial performance of Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia and Malaysia has significant differences.
Schmerzensgeld BGH, Urteil vom 13.10.1992 - VI ZR 201/91, BGHZ 120, 1, NJW 1993, 781 m. Anm. Deutsch, JZ 1993, 516 m. Anm. Giesen Cass. Belge vom 4.4.1990. JT 1992, 829
Authors: Papadopoulou-Klamaris Dimitra , Van Den Bergh Ralph , Apathy Peter , Maertens A.S. , Cornelis L. , Nieper Franz
Published: April 2022

Principles guiding the decision of the BGH

1. If a doctor carries out a forceps delivery rather than a Caesarean section in the case of a breech presentation where the child's feet are presented, this constitutes a treatment failure if the baby is not yet fully engaged.

2. If, through a treatment failure by the doctor assisting at the birth, a child suffers severe brain injury which leads to the substantial loss of its perceptive abilities, the damage to personality suffered in this way is a loss of amenity which should be compensated by means of a monetary payment.

3. The extent of damage is such that an individual assessment of damage is required, and a purely symbolic payment is inadequate (reversal of BGH, 16.12.75 - VIZR 175/74 = JZ 1976, 559 and BGH, 22.6.1982 - VIZR 247/80 = NJW 1982, 2123)

For the facts see the accompanying case note by Nieper.

Principles guiding the decision of the Belgian Cour de cassation

In order for compensation for pain and suffering to be payable, it is not necessary for the injured party to be conscious that the sum awarded is intended to compensate for damage.

Facts

In this case damages for pain and suffering were awarded to a person who had been mentally impaired since the death of their father as a result of a traffic accident.
Trademark rights in Europe
Authors: Heath Christopher
Published: April 2022

After explaining the international framework for intellectual property protection – with particular reference to trademarks – the article focusses more closely on the European position. The measures for harmonisation of trademarks and other related marks are explained. These include a directive on the harmonisation of national trademark laws, which harmonises certain aspects of substantive law but leaves matters of procedure unharmonised, and a regulation establishing a Community Trademark which can be obtained through the Trademark Office in Alicante, Spain. The procedures for obtaining, opposing and cancelling a Community Trademark are detailed as well as the main features of the substantive law system under the Regulation and Directive. The remainder of the article then discusses certain important areas. The Regulation and Directive have provisions on the protection of well-known marks or marks having a reputation. The meaning of this is considered from a comparative standpoint. Finally the problems arising in relation to the clash between free movement of goods and the protection of intellectual property rights are analyzed with particular reference to the case law of the European Court.
Ruxley Electronics and Construction Limited v Forsyth Decision of the House of Lords of 29 June 1995. Reference [1995] 3 WLR 118
Authors: Jansen Chris E.C. , Linssen Jacques G.A. , Thunis Xavier , Wéry Patrick
Published: April 2022

Forsyth contracted with Ruxley Electronics and Construction Ltd and another company to build a swimming pool in his garden. The price agreed upon was some £70, 000. The contract provided that the maximum depth of the pool should be 7ft 6in (approximately 2.25m). After the work had been completed, Mr Forsyth discovered that the maximum depth was only 6ft 9in. When the builders sued him for the balance of the contract price, Mr Forsyth counterclaimed for breach of contract. The trial judge found that the shortfall in depth had not decreased the value of the pool. Mr Ruxley had to pay the full price, however, he was awarded £2,500 in damages for loss of amenity. This decision was overturned by the Court of Appeal, which held that it was not unreasonable to award as damages the cost of replacing the swimming pool in order to make good the breach of contract. The Court awarded some £21,000 in damages. The House of Lords restored the decision of the trial judge and awarded just £2,500 in damages.