bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advanced Tobacco Foreign Object Detection via Optimized Network Architecture and Enhanced Multi-Scale Feature Integration
Authors: LI Yaqian , GUO GUO , LI Haibin , TENG Da , WANG Guancheng
Published: March 2024

The presence of impurities in finished tobacco leaves significantly affects the stability of cigarette quality during the packaging process.To solve the key technical problems that after the cutting process, these impurities become small in size and are similar in shape to the tobacco leaves, making accurate detection difficult. This paper proposes a method for detecting foreign objects in tobacco leaves based on an efficient network structure and multi-scale feature fusion.On one hand, the YOLOv5 (You Only Look Once version 5) network model is modified to extract features in a way that is more conducive to detecting small targets, while reducing the output heads to ensure the lightweight nature of the network. On the other hand, the backbone network and Neck structure are optimized to enable the detection network to obtain richer feature information while maintaining lightweight characteristics. Experimental results demonstrate that the algorithm proposed in this paper not only meets the real-time and lightweight requirements for industrial deployment but also improves accuracy and reduces false positive rates.
Human ovarian tissue xenotransplantation in 3D-printed tissue trapper basket integrated with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Ayoubipour Mohammad , Eimani Hussein , Fathi Rouhollah , Verdi Abdolhussien shah , Zarrabi Morteza , Ashtiani Mohammad Kazemi , Tavana Somayeh , Moosavi Seyed Akbar , Tahaie Leila Sadat , Ayagh Zienab Ghezel , Halvai Majid , Nouri Masoumeh , Gerdkohi Parviz Gholmahammdi
Published: March 2024

Purpose
The primary objective was to develop an artificial ovary, using a 3D printed scaffold made of polylactic acid (PLA) material which could potentially be used for fertility preservation. In ovarian tissue (OT) transplantation, it was essential to prioritize follicle viability by promoting ideal angiogenesis at the back of neck muscle rats to improve the chances of successful follicle development.
Methods
The study involved transplanting human frozen-thawed ovarian cortical pieces into 3D-printed PLA polymer baskets, with or without human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs). Four groups were formed: control, ovarian transplantation), OT in 3D-printed baskets without stem cells (OT + D), and OT in 3D-printed baskets with HUC-MSCs (OT + D + C). Eighteen rats were divided into three transplantation groups, and grafts were implanted into their back muscles. After one week, comparisons were made between OT, OT + D, and OT + D + C with control groups. Histological and gene expression analyses, including CX37, CX43, KL, GDF9, and VEGF, were conducted to evaluate factors like angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and follicle development.
Results
The result showed that OT + D had the highest follicular growth (99.5%) and transition rate (74.95%). OT + D + C showed increased follicular survival, reduced mortality (p < 0.0001), and a higher percentage of primordial follicles (59.1%). UCMSCs' paracrine secretions likely preserved the follicular reserve. Additionally, OT + D + C exhibited significantly increased blood vessel number and diameter (p < 0.0001) compared to other groups.
Conclusions
The study conducted a comprehensive evaluation, analyzing factors such as graft recovery, follicular density, stromal integrity, angiogenesis, and gene expression to understand transplantation outcomes fully. It found that a 3D basket scaffold facilitates ovarian follicle development by promoting angiogenesis and aiding maturation. Furthermore, when combined with stem cells, the scaffold enhances follicular preservation, preventing cell death and maintaining viability through paracrine secretions.
SIW based high performance bandpass filter loaded with Hilbert cells
Authors: Chaib Mohammed el amine , CHERIF Nabil , Boubakar Hichem , Abri Mehadji , Badaoui Hadjira
Published: March 2024

Resume
In this article, we proposed a band pass filter; the proposed filter is mainly based on a half mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW). The proposed filter operates in S band with a measured transmitted bandwidth of 1.1 GHz. The proposed structure has dimensions, of 48.5 mm × 16 mm with a measured insertion loss of -1.2 dB. The upper stopband rejection range from 4 GHz to 8 GHz with an attenuation below -15 dB. The filter operates in a transmission bandwidth of [2.9 GHz - 4 GHz] with a fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 27.5 %. A good agreement is reported between the measured and simulated results.
Use of US BIRADS for the Differentiation of Male Breast Masses and Interobserver Agreement Assessment
Authors: Wang Di , Dang Meizheng , Wang Jing , huang pintong
Published: March 2024

Purpose
To investigate the efficiency of Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BIRADS) proposed by the American College of Radiology for male breast lesions and to evaluate assess inter-observer agreement.
Methods
Six breast radiologists were divided into three groups to retrospectively analyze 90 male breast nodules by BIRADS classifications. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were calculated for comparative analysis. Interobserver agreement was assessed.
Results
The group II showed the higher specificity (75.9%) than other two groups while the group III showed the best AUC, sensitivity and accuracy, which were 0.904, 97.2%, 62.9% and 76.7%, respectively. Besides, the whole of three groups expressed excellent ICC on 2(0.934) category and good on BIRADS 3 (0.677) category. The ICC of 4a (0.379) was expressed as poor level. The categories of 4b (0.483) ,4c (0.521) and5(0.491) was expressed as fair level. Only group I had significant difference with the group III in diagnostic effectiveness of the same systems among three groups.
Conclusions
Male sex did not have a large impact on the diagnosis of BIRADS and use of US BIRADS lexicon shows excellent or good levels of concordance for mass characterizations. But a lower concordance respect to BIRADS classifications in BIRADS 4 categories.
Minocycline attenuates the development of neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury by inhibiting the Notch signaling pathway in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in mice
Authors: Li Chengcai , Huang Shaoxin , Zhou Wu , Xie Zhiping , Xie Shenke , Li Meihua
Published: March 2024

Previous studies on spinal cord injury (SCI) have mainly focused on the injury site, but the central nervous system (CNS) is a unified whole. SCI can lead to cerebral cortex atrophy, neuronal apoptosis in the brain, an inflammatory response and other pathophysiological changes, which may be important factors affecting the functional recovery and prognosis of patients. A large number of studies have confirmed that after SCI, there are significant changes in microglia and Notch signaling pathways at the injury site, but there have been fewer studies on the changes in the brain. In this study, we observed changes in microglia and the Notch signaling pathway in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) in a mouse model of SCI, and the effect of minocycline on these changes was also observed. The results showed that minocycline inhibited the activity of microglia and theNotch signaling pathway. The combination of minocycline and DAPT further inhibited the activity of microglia and Notch signaling pathway, and alleviated neuropathic pain, as indicated by anincrease in the paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) and prolongation of the paw withdrawal latency (PWL). Our results suggested that there are significant changes in the brain after SCI and that these changes in the dlPFC may be related to the occurrence and development of neuropathic pain.
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in children and adolescents with repaired Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Danton Mark , Hadjisoteriou Anna , Noonan Patrick , Young David , Burns Paul
Published: March 2024

Introduction: By comparison with adults, cardiopulmonary exercise testing in children with Tetralogy of Fallot is limited, and its clinical application less validated. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive CPET profile in a child-adolescent population with repaired TOF, to explore cardiovascular mechanisms underpinning exercise intolerance and determine associations between CPET indices and clinical outcome.Methods Seventy-four CPETs were completed in 58 child and adolescents with repaired TOF (age 13.8 ± 2.4 years). CPET parameters were corrected for age, sex and body size using Blanchard formulae. At follow-up (4.9 years, IQR 3.5–7.9) clinical status and re-intervention was evaluated and CPET indices predicting these outcomes determined.Results Cohort VO2peak was within low-normal limits (% pred: 74.1% ± 15.4 ) with 15 patients (26%) displaying moderately-severe reduction (VO2peak < 65% pred). Oxygen uptake efficiency slope highly correlated with VO2peak (r = 0.94, p < 0.001) and was insensitive to exercise intensity. No significant change in CPET occurred in patients who underwent interval testing at 24 ± 14.5 months, although there was a variable response in VO2peak between individuals. Chronotropic response and heart rate-VO2 slope (indicator of stroke volume) predicted oxygen consumption: VO2peak (p < 0.001, R2 = 65.78%) and workload (p < 0.001, R2 = 52.32%). Adverse clinical status was associated with reduced workload (OR 0.97, p = 0.011). VE/VCO2 slope was steeper in those that died (39.2 SD 16.7 vs. 31.45 SD 5.06, p = 0.025). Twenty-four patients (43.8%) underwent RVOT intervention post-CPET which was associated with increased HR-VO2 slope (OR 1.042, p = 0.004).Conclusions In children and adolescents with repaired TOF important reduction in cardiopulmonary functioning were apparent in 25% of patients. Exercise intolerance was related to reduced chronotropic response and deficient stroke volume increment.
Characterisation of distance based topological descriptors for certain butterfly networks
Authors: Varghese Eddith Sarah , Xavier D Antony , Baby Annmaria
Published: March 2024

Interconnection networks are networks that portray structure of a system using vertices and edges. In order to determine the architecture of networks, topological indices are used in the study of QSPR/ QSAR. Topological indices are numerical quantities derived from chemical structures to predict the biochemical activities and physical, chemical and biological properties of compounds. In this article, we determine the analytical expressions for Szeged index, edge Szeged index, edge-vertex Szeged index and Padmakar Ivan index of Butterfly network and Augumented butterfly network.
Simulation and Evaluation of Collapsible Risk of Low Impact Development Rainwater System in Collapsible Loess Area
Authors: Jing Jing , Hou Jingming , Pan Zhan peng , Wang Tian , Li Xin yi , Chen Guang zhao , Sun Xue liang , Duan Chang hui
Published: March 2024

To assess the risk levels of collapse for various low-impact development (LID) measures used in constructing stormwater systems in collapsible loess areas, the high-efficiency and high-precision urban stormwater model (GAST) was used to analyze the risk of waterlogging. Combined with the time of waterlogging accumulation, a method is proposed to assess the collapse risk level of various LID measures by considering the correlation between the collapsibility coefficient and soil parameters. This method was then used to analyze the changing patterns of settlement risk levels in grassed swales and rain gardens under different rainfall return periods (P1=20a, P2=50a, P3=100a) and water accumulation durations (T1=0.5 day, T2=5 day). The findings indicate a direct correlation between the rainfall return periods and the level of risk for collapse. At P3=100a, 50% of the collapse risk level in the study region reaches level III. Nevertheless, when the water accumulation duration is 5 days, the percentage of places classified as category III increases to 75%. Although rain gardens are better than grass swales at storing water, they also increase the risk of collapse. Therefore, it is essential to carefully monitor the durability of rain gardens during long periods of frequent rainfall. The evaluation approach proposed in this research demonstrates a 75% accuracy rate, confirming it as an initial and reliable instrument for evaluating the risk associated with building low-impact development stormwater systems in collapsible loess areas. Moreover, it can be employed to conduct additional investigations of the collapsibility impacts of LID measures in places with collapsible loess.
Factors Affecting the Success of Intravesical Onabotulinum Toxin a Injection in the Treatment of Idiopathic Overactive Bladder
Authors: Degirmentepe Recep Burak , Culha Mehmet Gokhan , Karakanli Musab Umeyir , Sabuncu Kenan , Polat Emre Can , Baran Caner , Otunctemur Alper
Published: March 2024

Purpose: Onabotulinum toxin A injection is an option recommended by the guidelines in the treatment of overactive bladder (OAB) that is resistant to medical treatments. Although success does not occur in every patient, the factors affecting success are not clearly known. The aim of this study is to evaluate the factors affecting the success of onabotulinum toxin A injection in the treatment of idiopathic OAB.
Methods: Data of patients diagnosed with resistant idiopathic OAB and administered 100IU onabotulinum toxin A (BOTOX®, Allergan, Dublin, Ireland) between January 2019 and August 2023 were included in the study. Demographic data of the patients and duration of symptoms were recorded. The patients were followed up before the procedure and 1 month after the procedure using the overactive bladder symptom score (OABSS) inquiry form and 3-day bladder diaries. Patients who improved by 50% or more compared to the pre-procedure were considered satisfied with the treatment. Botox injection was applied to 20 points (5 IU per application) with a 22 Fr rigid cystoscope under sedoanesthesia in each patient.
Results: A total of 210 patients were included in the study. 80.5% of patients were women (169/210). The average age of the patients was 53.76±14.90 (19-87). Symptom duration was 39.82±22.28 (6-120) months. A total of 175 patients were diagnosed with wet type OAB (83.3%) and 35 patients were diagnosed with dry type OAB (16.7%). The mean OABSS score of the patients before the procedure was 9.18±1.31 (6-13), the mean daily micturition was 8.67±1.52 (6-15), the mean urge urinary incontinence (UI) attack was 2.57±1.28, the average of nocturia was 1.87±0.75 (0-4), and the average number of pads per day was 2.44±1.24 (0-5). The success rate after onabotulinum toxin injection was 82.4% (173/210).
Conclusion: The most important factors affecting the success of botulinum toxin A injection in the treatment of idiopathic OAB are affected by the high degree of complaint of the patient. Especially patients with high frequency of daily micturition complaints may not benefit from Botox treatment and may need advanced treatments.
GWAS determined genetic loci associated with callus induction in oil palm tissue culture
Authors: Htwe Yin Min , Shi Peng , Zhang Dapeng , Li Zhiying , Yu Qun , Wang Yong
Published: March 2024

Efficient callus induction is vital for successful oil palm tissue culture, yet identifying genomic loci and markers for early detection of genotypes with high potential of callus induction remains unclear. In this study, immature male inflorescences from 198 oil palm accessions (dura, tenera and pisifera) were used as explants for tissue culture. Callus induction rates were collected at one-, two- and three-months after inoculation (C1, C2 and C3) as phenotypes. Resequencing generated 11,475,258 high quality single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as genotypes. GWAS was then performed and correlation analysis revealed a positive association of C1 with both C2 (R=0.81) and C3 (R=0.50), indicating that C1 could be used as the major phenotype for callus induction rate. Therefore, only significant SNPs in C1 (including samples with and without callus) were identified to develop markers for screeningindividuals with high potential of callus induction. Among 21 significant SNPs (P ≤ 0.05) in C1, LD block analysis revealed 6 SNPs on chromosome 12 (Chr12) potentially linked to callus formation. Subsequently, 13 SNP markers were identified from these loci and electrophoresis results showed that marker C-12 at locus Chr12_12704856 can be used effectively to distinguish the GG allele, which showed the highest probability (69%) of callus induction. Furthermore, a rapid SNP variant detection method without electrophoresis was established via qPCR-based melting curve analysis. Our findings facilitated marker-assisted selection for specific palms with high potential of callus induction using immature male inflorescence as explant, aiding ortet palm selection in oil palm tissue culture.
Opinion-Tree-aware Prompt Tuning for Aspect Sentiment Quadruple Prediction
Authors: Yang Zhenyu , Li Zhijun , Liu Guojing , Zhang Zhibo , Li Xiaoyang
Published: March 2024

In recent years, Aspect Sentiment Quadruple Prediction (ASQP) has emerged as a prominent task in the field of aspect-based sentiment analysis. We observe complex dependencies among aspect sentiment elements, rendering traditional sequence-to-sequence (Seq2Seq) modeling for element extraction insufficiently rigorous. Additionally, despite the widespread application of Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) in Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis (ABSA), there is a significant gap when representing dependencies between sentiment elements, which involve complex structure-informed label classification, diverging from PLM's Masked Language Model (MLM) pre-training tasks. This gap limits the full potential of PLMs. To bridge this gap and better adapt to the structural information between sentiment elements, we propose a Opinion-Tree-aware Prompt Tuning (OTPT) method. This approach transforms traditional PLM Seq2Seq tasks into sequence-to-tree tasks, optimizing PLM potential. Specifically, we model sentiment elements as a tree structure, creating a dynamic virtual template and label words, integrating tree structure information as soft prompts, and conducting stepwise sentiment label classification. Extensive experiments show that our method achieves performance superior to baseline on two widely used datasets, demonstrating good robustness in handling cases of missing sentiment elements and complex multi-sentiment quadruples.
A Graph-Based Fusion Model Propagating Multimodal Information for Recommendation
Authors: Cormac Thaddeus , Fontaine Eamon , Roy Kunal Bhatia , Parker Sybilla
Published: March 2024

Multimedia data is inherently multimodal, encompassing information across various modalities like text, image, and audio. Each of these modalities represents a distinct method or perspective, forming a rich tapestry of data. In contrast to the structured data found in conventional databases, multimedia data presents distinctive features such as high dimensionality, content richness, and substantial storage requirements. Existing multimodal recommendation systems struggle to achieve rational results. The contributions of our paper are as follows. The traditional approach to representing multimodal knowledge graphs focuses solely on training embedding vectors through triples, neglecting the crucial process of fusing information from displayed multimodalities. This paper tackles this issue by ingeniously transforming the multimodal information fusion process in knowledge graphs into a graph-based information propagation process, introducing a novel model. Multimodal labeling, building on unimodal labeling, is introduced to characterize the multimodal semantic information within the video. Additionally, a multicore learning architecture is employed to amalgamate the semantics of multiple modalities, enabling the mapping of underlying multimodal features to a unified intermediate semantic space. This facilitates learning a similarity metric function between videos based on the intermediate semantic space. Extensive experiments are conducted on real datasets in this paper. The results demonstrate that our model surpasses current mainstream collaborative filtering-based recommendation algorithms, knowledge graph-based recommendation algorithms, and multimodal learning-based recommendation algorithms.
WITHDRAWN: Enhancing Wound Healing: Formulation and Evaluation of Acalypha Fruticosa Ethosomal Gel
Authors: Haq Mohammed Misbah Ul
Published: March 2024

Background
This study focuses on the development of both topical and ethosomal gels utilizing an Ethanolic extract of A. fruticosa with the goal of improving patient adherence. The ethosomal gels, labeled as E1 to E8, were created using a composition consisting of 10% ethanol and 2% phospholipid. Various assessments were conducted on these gels to explore their properties and potential benefits.
Results
The diffusion studies revealed noteworthy drug release percentages, with optimized formulations such as E2 and E6 showing 92.4% and 96.45% release within a 6-hour duration, respectively. These formulations, utilizing 10% and 20% Ethosomal gels of A. fruticosa, exhibited characteristics such as effortless removal, excellent spreadability, and a smooth texture without any gritty sensation. Thorough examinations were conducted to evaluate in vitro drug release and accelerated stability of the ethosomal gel. Remarkably, formulation E6, containing 20% v/v ethanol, demonstrated the highest entrapment efficiency at 96.45%. Notably, E6 exhibited promising outcomes with a 97.15% drug release after 6 hours. Additional characteristics of E6 included a pH level of 7.0, viscosity measuring at 20888 cps, a Zeta potential of -29.3 (mV), and distinctive vesicular shape and size as observed through SEM analysis.
Conclusions
In conclusion, the study suggests that the formulation E6, with its enhanced drug release, entrapment efficiency, and favorable physicochemical properties, holds promise for further development as a topical and ethosomal gel utilizing the Ethanolic extract of A. fruticosa. These findings contribute to the potential improvement of patient adherence in topical medication applications.
Machine Learning Analysis to Identify Factors Associated with Requesting Tobacco Cessation Services Among Users of an Online Self-Diagnostic Questionnaire in Mexico.
Authors: Hernández-Llanes Norberto Francisco , Sánchez-Domínguez Ricardo , Alvarez-Reza Sofía , Fernández-Cáceres Carmen , Marín-Navarrete Rodrigo
Published: March 2024

Introduction: While traditional cessation services exist, internet-based options are gaining popularity. However, understanding online users' unique characteristics compared to traditional users is crucial. This study utilize machine learning (ML), aimed to identify these online users and their needs.
Method: Through analyzing 14,182 records of adults who completed online nicotine dependence screening questionnaire, a random forest algorithm plus oversampling was used to predict request services.
Results: The algorithm accurately identified 78.6% of users and rejected 68.8% of non-users. Notably, age, sex, dependence severity indicators, certain locations, and even specific occasions like World No Tobacco Day, were identified as key factors influencing service request.
Discussion: These findings suggest the effectiveness of random forest algorithm in predicting potential users. Moreover, the predictor variables offer valuable insights for crafting targeted prevention and awareness campaigns, potentially leading to improved campaign effectiveness and ultimately, helping more individuals seeking cessation support.
Relationship between Eating Disorder (Anorexia Nervosa) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
Authors: Suratwala T
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE:
Research has shown there is a potential link between Eating Disorders (Anorexia Nervosa) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This quantitative study aimed to evaluate if there was a significant difference between those with AN and those without when assessing for ASD.
METHOD:
100 participants aged 18 years and above, including n = 50 who did not have Anorexia and n = 50 who declared themselves to have Anorexia, used a pre-screening and online questionnaire, with a between-subject design and Independent Samples T-Tests in SPSS.
RESULTS:
The study found a link between AN and ASD, with a higher incidence of ASD among those with AN. However, the study excluded those under 18 and excluded participants over 51, potentially underrepresenting the overall age population. Additionally, no gender distinction was made in the results, focusing on the overall association between AN and ASD.
CONCLUSION:
Further research is needed to determine if gender differences affect the results and if a greater prevalence of ASD among AN still exists, particularly in younger and older generations, to ensure consistency and validity in the findings.
Equipping Llama with Google Query API for Improved Accuracy and Reduced Hallucination
Authors: Bae Yeong Sik , Kim Hye Rin , Kim Jae Hoon
Published: March 2024

This study investigates the integration of the Llama 2 7b large language model (LLM) with the Google Query API to enhance its accuracy and reduce hallucination instances. By leveraging real-time internet data, we aimed to address the limitations of static training datasets and improve the model's performance across various language processing tasks. The methodology involved augmenting Llama 2 7b's architecture to incorporate dynamic data retrieval from the Google Query API, followed by an evaluation of its impact on model accuracy and hallucination reduction using the BIG-Bench benchmark. The results indicate significant improvements in both accuracy and reliability, demonstrating the effectiveness of integrating LLMs with external data sources. This integration not only marks a substantial advancement in the capabilities of LLMs but also raises important considerations regarding data bias, privacy, and the ethical use of internet-sourced information. The study's findings contribute to the ongoing discourse on enhancing LLMs, suggesting a promising direction for future research and development in artificial intelligence.
Design of an Automated Neonatal Chest Compression Device to Aid in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Authors: Balapangu Srinivasan S. , Agyemang Bright , Domey Ernestina , Bortei Michael Sango , Tebi Thibaut Kwadzo
Published: March 2024

This research work focuses on the design and development of a neonatal chest compression device to be used during surgical operations and critical situations requiring chest compressions in infants within hospital Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs). The primary objective was to overcome the limitations associated with manual chest compressions in infants and enhance blood perfusion. The devised prototype incorporates a compressed air-actuated pneumatic cylinder positioned above the infant's chest, which is supplied with compressed air from a portable air compressor. The airflow is regulated by a three-way solenoid valve, and a microcontroller controls the compression process. The proposed method utilizes a combination of pneumatic compression and electrical components to achieve a target compression rate of 80-120 compressions per minute, exerting a force of 48-50 newtons. The compression depth, equal to one-third of the manikin's chest width, is achieved by carefully controlling the deactivation time of the solenoid coil to approximately 50 milliseconds. To facilitate user operation, a smartphone-based interface was developed using the blynk Internet of Things (IoT) software. Through extensive testing, the device demonstrated adherence to fundamental biological specifications for chest compression forces and rates. However, further research is required to ensure the mechanical integrity of materials and perform rigorous testing on a SimNewB or suitable biological substitute to implement crucial safety aspects.
Weight gain-mediated recovery of metabolic and gut microbiome impairments in a TDP-43 mouse model of ALS
Authors: Romero-Muñoz Laura , Sanz-Martos Ana Belén , Cabrera-Pinto Marta , Cano Victoria , Olmo Nuria Del , Valiente Nicolas , Seseña Susana , Atkinson Rachel AK , Sreedha Jemeen , King Anna , Fernandez-Martos Carmen M.
Published: March 2024

There is increasing interest in the use of hypercaloric diets in patients with the neurodegenerative disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), as gaining weight, and subsequently fat mass, has been associated with better survival in patients with ALS. However, the precise mechanisms by which nutritional state modifies the onset or progression of ALS remain unclear. We therefore investigated the effects of a short-term high fat (HF) diet treatment (8 weeks) in male NEFH-tTA/tetO-hTDP-43ΔNLS (rNLS mice). This hypercaloric nutritional intervention mitigated motor decline and increased weight in rNLS mice without influencing age of disease onset. HF diet did not alter the disease-associated atrophy of hindlimb tibialis anterior muscle in rNLS mice, and did not correct hippocampal long-term potentiation impairment. However, HF diet did alter glial cell population changes in the hippocampus and cortex of rNLS mice. HF diet also improved glucose homeostasis and reduced plasma metabolic disturbances present in rNLS mice. In addition, we present the first evidence of a significant shift in the gut microbiome of rNLS mice in response to the nutritional intervention. Together, we demonstrate specific improvements in metabolic disturbances of ALS in male rNLS mice, providing, to our knowledge, the first insights to the benefit of this approach to mitigate metabolic alterations in ALS.
Consequence of less water availability on farming over three decades: A Case Study of Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Singh Daya Shanlar , Gupta Tanu Priya , Gupta Antara , Mishra Ajai , Gautam Pawan Kumar Gautam
Published: March 2024

This research delves into the relationship between water availability and crop yield. Availability of water for irrigation can been classified in to two parts surface water or ground water (Blue Water) and precipitated water (Green Water). Using data spanning three decades, we observed significant trends in crop production and cultivation influenced by less (Green) water availability and tells that farmers are changing the cropping pattern what they grow based on which water is available easily or cost effectively or low water footprint value. Notably, crops with high water footprint value, such as Barley and Sugarcane, have seen a decline, whereas crops requiring low water footprint value, like Potato and Rice, have shown an uptick. Employing advanced statistical methods, the Karl Pearson Correlation matrix, the study identifies distinct inverse relationships between crop groups; revealing differential water consumption metrics. Notably, crops groups that usually need a lot of water (blue and green or high water footprint value) are not growing as well anymore. On the other hand, types of crops that can survive with less water (blue or low water footprint value) are becoming more popular. This shows that farmers are growing drought-resistant crop varieties that is not because of water conservation, because of less water availability. This narrative underscores the urgent need for the adoption of water-efficient techniques and crop choices while highlighting the imperative of addressing the intricate interplay between water resources, and agricultural practices.
Drying Kinetics and Effectiveness of Button Mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) at Different Conditions of Sublimation Process
Authors: Mierzejewska Sylwia , Kopeć Adam , Stepuk Joanna Piepiórka , Diakun Jarosław , Domiszewski Zdzisław
Published: March 2024

The drying process in the vacuum chamber included a fresh and pre-frozen button mushrooms. During the process, the pressure and the weight of the sample were recorded as well as the temperatures: inside the vacuum chamber, at the surface of the mushroom and in the center. The kinetics of the measured parameters are presented and their interdependence is shown The drying process under sublimation conditions for the pre-frozen mushroom was the shortest. This was an unexpected result, as the unfrozen mushroom it required less energy for water evaporation. The sublimation conditions of the pre-frozen mushrooms showed the best quality.
Criticism of The Methods Of Interpretation Yusuf Al-Qardawi Against The Hadith Rukyat Hilal
Authors: Mufid Abdul
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The main source for Muslims in understanding Islamic teachings is the Koran and Hadith. For Muslims, the Hadith second ranks after the Koran. Throughout Islamic history, hadith is a source of controversy in Islamic law. Among the problems that are still warm and almost always occur today is an understanding of the observations of the crescent related to the determination of the beginning of the Islamic month. Questioning about the differences in determining the beginning of the Hijri month is the result of different perspectives to understand the hadith about crescent observations. Therefore, the method of understanding the hadith about "crescent observation" is very urgent to be investigated more deeply. The conclusion of this literature-based research process can be seen that the impact of Yusuf al-Qaradawi's understanding of the Hilal rukyat traditions of Hilal is al-Qaradawi's hope to unite fasting and Eid al-Fitr in Europe based on priorities, not unifying all Muslims in the hemisphere of the earth.

Keywords: Al-Qaradawi, Hadith, Observation.

Abstrak

Sumber utama bagi umat Islam dalam memahami ajaran Islam adalah Alquran dan Hadis. Bagi umat Islam, hadis menduduki peringkat kedua setelah Alquran. Sepanjang sejarah Islam, hadis merupakan sumber kontroversi dalam hukum Islam. di antara masalah yang masih hangat dan hampir sering terjadi saat ini adalah pemahaman tentang observasi bulan sabit terkait penentuan awal bulan Hijriah. Menyoal tentang perbedaan dalam menentukan awal bulan Hijriah adalah hasil dari perspektif yang berbeda untuk memahami hadis tentang pengamatan bulan sabit. Oleh karena itu,  metode memahami hadis  tentang "pengamatan bulan sabit" sangat mendesak untuk diteliti secara lebih mendalam. Kesimpulan akhir dari proses penelitian berbasis kepustakaan ini dapat dilihat bahwa dampak dari pemahaman Yusuf al-Qaradawi terhadap hadis-hadis rukyat hilal Hilal adalah harapan al-Qaradawi untuk menyatukan puasa dan idul fitri  di Eropa atas dasar prioritas, bukan menyatukan semua Muslim di belahan muka bumi.

Kata kunci : Al-Qaradawi, Hadis, Observasi.
The Movement Of Islamic Fundamentalism The Classical, Pre-Modern And Contemporary
Authors: Anshor Ahmad Muhtadi
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Religious fundamentalism is understood as an answer of the socialist group and the political elite of the religious in a religious group. So religious fundamentalism is always evolving in the modern era. As a study-based literature, this study will highlight the historical roots of religious fundamentalism in the era of the classical, pre-modern, and contemporary implications in the discovery model the thinking of fundamentalism religious in the contemporary era. The findings in this study show that fundamentalism has a few basic principles. Principles basic principles: the first is oppositional (understand resistance), the second the rejection of hermeneutics, the third rejection of pluralism and relativism, and the fourth is the rejection of the historical development and sociological. By using basic principles such then the movement of the Kharijites, the Wahabi movement in the Arabian peninsula, the movement of Shaykh Uthman and Fodio in Northern Nigeria, the movement Padri in Minangkabau and Al-Ikhwan al-Muslim in Egypt can be categorized in the movement of Islamic fundamentalism.

Keywords: Islamic Fundamentalism, classical, pre-modern, contemporary.

Abstrak

Fundamentalisme agama difahami sebagai sebuah jawaban dari kelompok sosialis dan elit politik keagamaan dalam sebuah kelompok agama. Sehingga fundamentalisme agama ini selalu berkembang dalam era modern saat ini. Sebagai kajian berbasis pustaka, kajian ini akan menyorot akar sejarah fundamentalisme agama pada era klasik, pra-modern, dan kontemporer yang berimplikasi pada penemuan model pemikiran fundamentalisme keagamaan pada era kontemporer. Temuan dalam kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa fundamentalisme memiliki beberapa prinsip dasar. Prinsip-prinsip dasar tersebut: pertama adalah oppositionalism (paham perlawanan), kedua penolakan terhadap hermeneutika, ketiga penolakan terhadap pluralisme dan relativisme, dan keempat adalah penolakan terhadap perkembangan historis dan sosiologis. Dengan menggunakan prinsip-prinsip dasar tersebut maka gerakan kaum Khawarij, gerakan Wahabi di semenanjung Arabia, gerakan Syaikh Usman dan Fodio di Nigeria Utara, gerakan Padri di Minangkabau dan Al-Ikhwan al-Muslimun di Mesir dapat dikategorikan dalam gerakan fundamentalisme Islam.

Kata Kunci : Fundamentalisme Islam, klasik, pra-modern, kontemporer.
Realizing The Religion As The Source Of Harmony In A Multicultural Society
Authors: Izzuddin Izzuddin , Fata Ahmad Khoirul
Published: March 2024

Abstract

This paper examines the potential of religion as the main source of harmony in a plural society. This paper itself is motivated by the fact that religion has two different faces: integrative and confrontational. On the one hand religion can encourage integration in society, however religion also has the potential to cause conflict and tension in the community, especially in the people with complex levels of diversity. In multicultural societies, integrative religious attitudes are needed to avoid conflicts. But making it happen is not as easy as turning our hand. The factor of understanding religious texts that are exclusive and based on hatred is one of the challenges. This will be further complicated when external factors (economic, political) are involved. By using philosophical-reflective methods, the writer offers two ways of religious that can create harmony in different cultures and beliefs, namely: exclusivenes-tolerance religious, and willingness to engage in interfaith dialogue. With these two things the writer believes that religious people still feel comfortable with the truth of their own religion, and at the same time they live in peace with people of different religions.

Keywords: Diversity, Conflict, Multicultural Society, Exclusive-Tolerant, interfaith Dialogue.

Abstrak

Tulisan ini mengkaji tentang potensi agama sebagai sumber utama harmoni dalam masyarakat majemuk. Tulisan ini sendiri dilatar belakangi oleh kenyataan bahwa agama memiliki dua wajah yang saling berbeda: integratif dan konfrontatif. Di satu sisi agama bisa mendorong terjadinya integrasi dalam masyarakat, namun demikian agama juga berpotensi menimbulkan konflik dan ketegangan di tengah masyarakat, khususnya masyarakat dengan tingkat keragaman yang kompleks.Dalam masyarakat multikultural, sikap beragama yang integratif sangat diperlukan agar tidak terjadi konflik. Namun mewujudkannya tidak semudah membalikkan tangan. Faktor pemahaman terhadap teks-teks keagamaan yang tertutup dan didasari kebencian menjadi salah satu tantangan. Ini akan semakin rumit ketika faktor-faktor eksternal (ekonomi, politik) turut terlibat. Dengan menggunakan metode filosofis-reflektif penulis menawarkan dua cara beragama yang bisa mewujudkan harmoni dalam masyarakat yang berbeda budaya dan keyakinan, yaitu: keberagamaan yang ekslusif-toleran, dan kesediaan diri untuk melakukan dialog antarumat beragama. Dengan dua hal ini penulis meyakini umat beragama tetap merasa nyaman dengan kebenaran agamanya sendiri, dan di saat bersamaan mereka hidup damai dengan umat agama yang berbeda.

Kata Kunci : Keberagamaan, Konflik, Masyarakat Multikultural, Ekslusif-Toleran, Dialog Antaragama.
Reading Hizb Ghozali In Boarding School Luqmaniyyah Yogyakarta
Authors: Rahmanto Oki Dwi
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Reading Hizb Ghozali in Pondok Pesantren Luqmaniyyah Yogyakarta Hizib Ghozali is one of the many benefits of Hizb. As for the practice, Santri must do the Tirakat. Besides, Tirakat of Santri is obliged to do readings Hizib Ghozali every day. If Santri violates will be punished by the caretaker of Pesantren Luqmaniyyah Yogyakarta. By using Karl Mannheim's Sociology of knowledge theory, it is hoped that this research could reveal meaning the Santri in the reading of Hizb Ghozali. Karl Mannheim discusses in detail the behavioural behaviour and meaning of human behaviour. Karl Mannheim distinguishes between three different meanings in social action, i.e. objective, expressive and documentary meaning. As for the results of this research, the objective meaning contained in the reading Hizb Ghozali in Pondok Pesantren Luqmaniyyah is reading Hizib Ghozali is a form of Ijazahan from Kyai Na'im as caretaker of Pesantren Luqmaniyyah, besides, the recitation of Hizb Ghozali believed to grant all the Hajat desired. The meaning of expressive is the recitation of Hizb Ghozali performed by the students because of the sense of Ta'dzim on the teacher and can be trusted to give many benefits. The meaning of the documentary in the reading of Hizb Ghozali is the recitation of Hizb Ghozali in Pondok Pesantren Luqmaniyyah Yogyakarta is a practice that can be a thorough culture..

Keywords: Hizib Ghozali, Karl Mannheim's, Sociology of knowledge theory.

Abstrak

Membaca Hizib Ghozali dalam Pondok Pesantren Luqmaniyyah Yogyakarta, Hizib Ghozali adalah salah satu banyak manfaat dari Hizib. Adapun prakteknya, Santri harus melakukan Tirakat tertentu. Selain itu, Tirakat Santri wajib melakukan pembacaan Hizib Ghozali setiap hari. Jika Santri melanggar akan dihukum oleh penjaga Pesantren Luqmaniyah Yogyakarta. Dengan menggunakan Karl Mannheim tentang ilmu pengetahuan teori, diharapkan bahwa penelitian ini dapat mengungkapkan makna Santri dalam membaca Hizb Ghozali. Karl Mannheim membahas secara rinci perilaku dan makna perilaku manusia. Karl Mannheim membedakan antara tiga makna berbeda dalam aksi sosial, seperti makna, ekspresif dan dokumenter. Adapun hasil penelitian ini, tujuan yang terkandung dalam membaca Hizb Ghozali di Pondok Pesantren Luqmaniyyah adalah bentuk dari Ijazahan dari Kyai Na'im sebagai pengurus dari Pondok Pesantren Luqmaniyyah. Makna ekspresif pembacaan Hizib Ghozali dilakukan oleh Santri karena rasa takdzim pada Kyai dan dapat dipercaya untuk memberikan banyak keuntungan. Makna dari film dokumenter dalam pembacaan dari Hizib Ghozali adalah pembacaan dari Hizb Ghozali di Pondok Pesantren Luqmaniyyah Yogyakarta adalah latihan yang dapat menjadi budaya menyeluruh.

Kata Kunci : Hizib Ghozali, Karl Mannheim, Sosiologi Teori Pengetahuan.
Gold in the Perspective of Maqashidi's Interpretation
Authors: Laila Azzah Nor , Mustaqim Abdul , Dzulqarnain Muhammad Idlom
Published: March 2024

This paper aims to find maqashid values ​​from the verses of the Quran about gold. The method used in this research is the maudhu'i interpretation with the maqashid interpretation approaches. The results of this research show that gold in the verses of the Qur'an is described in two categories. First, gold is an item or commodity treasure that has beauty and is valuable. In line with the meaning of gold as a precious metal that has a high and stable economic value. Gold as an item or one of the decorations that people tend to be interested in (Q.S. Ali Imran verse 14) and gold as a valuable item that tends to be a treasure to be stored or invested and should be issued zakat if it fulfils the nishab (Q.S. at-Taubah verse 34). Second, gold is jewellery for humans who inhabit heaven. Maqashid of the verses about the use of gold there are four maqashid namely hifzh al-mal, hifzh al-'irdl, hifzh ad-din, and hifzh nafs.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ANTHROPOCENTRISM PARADIGM IN ISLAMIC THEOLOGY STUDIES
Authors: Winarto Winarto , Shifa Layyinatus
Published: March 2024

Islamic theology is an important classical Islamic studies from the early Islam until now. With the development of science, Islamic theology demanded to always discussed for solving the problem of human life. This research aims to know the development of islamic theology, paradigm of anthropocentrism and it's implementation. This research is a kind of library research with qualitative method. The data will be collected and analyzed using theology and philosophy approach. The most of earlier research criticize the Islamic theology wich usually theocentrically, and not entrying yet the level of anthropologist. So that the research of Islamic theology using the paradigm of anthropocentrism is an important thing. This research concludes that the implementation of the paradigm of anthropocentrism in islamic theology studies can be realized with focusing Islamic theology studies on social humanity problems. Tauhid as manifest of unity and diversity as a based of shaping personality dan the source of morality dan law obedience.
CRITICISM OF THE CONCEPT OF INTERTEKSTUALITY OF THE QURAN WITH JEWISH TRADITION IN ABRAHAM GEIGER'S VIEW
Authors: As’adah Rifqi
Published: March 2024

The main focus of this research is the thoughts of Abraham Geiger regarding the Al-Qur'an and Prophet Muhammad SAW. Abraham Geiger is an orientalist who has a skeptical attitude and gives a negative assessment of Prophet Muhammad SAW. Through his monumental work entitled "Wat hat Mohammad aus dem judentume Aufgenommen", Geiger tries to prove the existence of Jewish influence in the Al-Qur'an adopted by Prophet Muhammad SAW. The researcher uses library research and hermeneutic analysis to analyze the data. The results of this study show that Geiger appears to give a negative assessment of the figure of Prophet Muhammad SAW and believes that the Al-Qur'an is influenced by Jewish tradition. However, critical analysis shows that it is not possible for Prophet Muhammad to adopt Jewish teachings due to his relatively short interaction with some Jewish figures. In addition, the Al-Qur'an also consists of various fields of knowledge that exist before and after the Al-Qur'an was revealed. This shows that the Al-Qur'an gives high appreciation to previous sacred books and also confirms that the Al-Qur'an is not only influenced by Jewish tradition, but also by other religious languages. However, despite this, Abraham Geiger's study of the Al-Qur'an and Prophet Muhammad SAW cannot be fully accepted due to his skeptical attitude and negative stigma towards Islam.
POLYGAMY IN MINANGKABAU TAFSIR: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE THOUGHTS OF SULAIMAN AR-RASULI AND BUYA HAMKA
Authors: Shofa Ida Kurnia , Chairinisa Putri Evta
Published: March 2024

This writing will discuss how QS An-Nisa verse 3 is understood by two modern Minangkabau scholars who are different, namely Syeikh Sulaiman Ar-Rasuli and Buya Hamka. The purpose of this research is to find out the differences in the interpretation of these two scholars, who each have different socio-historical backgrounds. This research is a library research using comparative analysis method and sociological approach. The results show that there is a difference in the interpretation of polygamy by these two scholars. Syeikh Sulaiman Ar-Rasuli tends to connect the text with the cultural context in society, while Buya Hamka prefers to criticize culture in his interpretation. This is caused by several factors, including the personal experiences of each scholar. In addition, Ar-Rasuli is a polygamist, while Hamka does not do it due to personal experience related to his parents' marriage.