bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chronobiological data: advantages of telemetric monitoring and prospects of mathematical modeling
Authors: Blagonravov Mikhail L. , Lemmer Björn , Bryk Anna A. , Goryachev Vyacheslav A. , Karimov Abdukayum A. , Chibisov Sergey M.
Published: March 2020

Chronobiology and chronomedicine is a special part of biomedical sciences studying rhythmical patterns in physiological and pathological processes. In order to analyse probability of some pathology and to make forecasts concerning possibility of some diseases based on the signs of rhythmicity disorders it is necessary to perform continuous monitoring of different physiological functions for a certain period of time. Since 1984 until now we have had an excellent opportunity of studying biological rhythms and their disorders in animals using the method of radio-telemetric monitoring. A huge amount of continuous data obtained in telemetric monitoring could be used for mathematical modeling of different pathological processes on the basis of rhythmic patterns. In this work we have presented some preliminary results of the chronobiological study in which the effects of bright light on blood pressure and heart rate were investigated. The experiment was carried out on male rats of genetic strains: Wistar-Kyoto – normotensive rats and SHR – spontaneously hypertensive rats. The animals were exposed to 1 hour exposure of ∼ 10000 lux white LED light from 10.00 to 11.00 a.m. For the analysis of daily profiles of blood pressure and heart rate we used the method of radio-telemetric monitoring of blood pressure and heart rate. It was shown that systolic blood pressure significantly increased in both Wistar-Kyoto and SHR rats under the action of bright during the time of bright light exposure (from 10.00 to 11.00 a.m.) and within the whole daytime period. For SHR rats an increase in diastolic blood pressure during the period of bright light action was also typical. But there were no significant changes in heart rate in the animals of either strain. These results require further and more detailed chronobiological studies to provide additional evidence. However traditional statistical methods seem to be important but not sufficient for further investigations. Moreover we could lose a considerable part of data without using contemporary methods of computer and mathematical modeling.
Evaluating the potential trade-off between students’ satisfaction and school performance using evolutionary multiobjective optimization
Authors: Marcenaro-Gutiérrez Oscar D. , González-Gallardo Sandra , Luque Mariano
Published: March 2020

In this article, we carry out a combined econometric and multiobjective analysis using data from a representative sample of Andalusian schools. In particular, four econometric models are estimated in which the students’ academic performance (scores in math and reading, and percentage of students reaching a certain threshold in both subjects, respectively) are regressed against the satisfaction of students with different aspects of the teaching-learning process. From these estimates, four objective functions are defined which have been simultaneously maximized, subject to a set of constraints obtained by analyzing dependencies between explanatory variables. This multiobjective programming model is intended to optimize the students’ academic performance as a function of the students’ satisfaction. To solve this problem we use a decomposition-based evolutionary multiobjective algorithm called Global WASF-GA with different scalarizing functions which allows generating an approximation of the Pareto optimal front. In general, the results show the importance of promoting respect and closer interaction between students and teachers, as a way to increase the average performance of the students and the proportion of high performance students.
Retour d’expérience sur la chirurgie robotique en chirurgie orale
Authors: Bénichou L.
Published: March 2020

Les nouvelles technologies deviennent les véritables stars de la chirurgie de demain ! Entre l’impression 3D, les Big Datas, lintelligence artificielle, et maintenant les robots chirurgicaux le chirurgien vit une période passionnante !

Mais attention à ce que l’utilisation de ces techniques serve à la pratique et ne soit pas la réponse à un simple effet de mode...

«Jai eu la chance de tester le robot chirurgical Da Vinci dans ma pratique de la chirurgie endobuccale... cette présentation est un simple retour dexpérience...»
De la reconstruction simple à la reconstruction complexe, pourquoi prélever de l’os autogène ?
Authors: Keller P.
Published: March 2020

Les zones défavorables peuvent être traitées par différentes techniques de régénération osseuse afin dobtenir une restauration implantaire esthétique et fonctionnelle. Les défauts osseux de petits volumes sont aménagés avec de l’os local ou des biomatériaux. Cependant, la capacité de cicatrisation et la prédictibilité de l’os autogène sont indispensables aux grandes reconstructions. Les ostéotomies dans la région rétromolaire permettent de prélever rapidement des blocs d’os autogène. La technique originelle de greffe de blocs osseux épais est modifiée pour améliorer la revascularisation et la régénération des greffes. La stabilité du volume reconstruit dépend de la technique de reconstruction mais aussi d’une gestion adaptée des tissus mous.
Ostéonécrose : est-ce une fatalité ?
Authors: Baaroun V.
Published: March 2020

La question reste en suspens. A limage de nombreuses pathologies, lostéonécrose des mâchoires voit sa littérature senrichir de jour en jour : des publications sur des alternatives de prise en charge évidemment (caisson hyperbare, PRF, cellules souches ...) mais aussi sur déventuels facteurs de risque (durée du traitement, chimiothérapie concomitante ou encore un déficit en vitamine D).

Au regard de cette riche littérature, deux axes semblent se démarquer pour que lostéonécrose ne soit plus une fatalité. Tout dabord la prévention : quel suivi ? Quels examens complémentaires ? Quels foyers infectieux ?

Le second axe de réflexion repose sur la compréhension de sa physiopathologie. Pourquoi les mâchoires ? Pourquoi lIV vs le per os ? Pourquoi certaines thérapeutiques et non d’autres ?

La réponse à ses multiples questions permettrait ainsi que lostéonécrose ne soit plus une fatalité, pour nous et nos patients.
Un transporteur d’oxygène universel d’origine marine au service de la santé
Authors: Le Choismier H.
Published: March 2020

HEMARINA est une société de biotechnologie créée en 2007, qui développe un transporteur doxygène universel à partir de lhémoglobine M101 issue d’un annélide marin, Arenicola marina. Les caractéristiques de M101 sont déjà exploitées ou évaluées à des fins médicales par la société HEMARINA pour la préservation des organes dans les cas de transplantation (HEMO2life®, Thuillier et al, 2011, Teh et al, 2017 ; Mallet et al., 2014), en tant que pansement actif favorisant la cicatrisation et loxygénation de plaies hypoxiques (HEMHealing®, brevet international Ref. WO2009/007532, intitulé « Utilisation d’une hémoglobine pour la préparation de pansements, et pansements ainsi preparés »), comme transporteur doxygène universel en transfusion (HEMOXYCarrier®, Rousselot et al., 2006), et comme activateur de croissance cellulaire in vitro (HEMOXCell®/HEMUPStream®, Le Pape et al, 2015). Depuis 2018, HEMARINA a élargi son champ dapplication en souvrant au domaine dentaire. Les maladies parodontales en tant quinfections polymicrobiennes sont un danger pour la santé surtout chez les patients à risque. Elles sont impliquées dans la survenue ou laggravation des certaines situations pathologiques tels que les cardiopathies, les maladies respiratoires, le déséquilibre du diabète et les accouchements prématurés (Ide et al, 2011, Detert et al., 2010, Huck et al., 2011). Les parodontites sont un enjeu de santé publique et leur traitement vise non seulement à conserver les organes et implants dentaires fonctionnels, mais surtout à protéger lorganisme contre les pathologies générales associées (Fremont et al, 2008). HEMARINA développe HEMDental-Care, M101 formulé sous forme de gel, destiné à ê tre utilisé comme adjuvent aux traitements parodontaux pour ses propriétés antibactériennes. En plus d’un possible effet sur les dysbioses, M101 pourrait in vivo favoriser les processus de réparation des tissus (mous et durs) (HEMDental-Regenerativ). En effet, il a été démontré que lajout de M101 dans les milieux de culture favorise la croissance de lignées cellulaires in vitro (Le Pape et al., 2017 a) et favorise la recolonisation de greffons osseux allogéniques par les cellules souches mésenchymateuses ( Le Pape et al., 2017 b).
Gestion chirurgicale des défauts osseux verticaux postérieurs
Authors: Maximini G.
Published: March 2020

L’augmentation de la dimension osseuse verticale est un challenge thérapeutique chirurgical. C’est dans ce domaine que lon compte le plus grand nombre déchecs. La réussite dépend de la prise en compte de deux élément clefs : tout dabord de labsolu nécessité dobtenir un allongement suffisant des lambeaux permettant de suturer sans tension aucune et de contrecarrer ainsi leffet ischémique de la rétraction cicatricielle verticale.

Au maxillaire description et vidéo de lincision vestibulaire d’une hauteur égale à la hauteur du déficit osseux. A la mandibule description et vidéo de lincision crestale avec décollement du lambeau lingual jusquau mylohyoidien et désinsertion du périoste de la ligne oblique interne. Description de la technique de Tinti et Benfenati pour lallongement du lambeau lingual.

Description et vidéo de lincision vestibulaire mandibulaire avec dissection en épaisseur partielle jusquà la crête puis incision du périoste et décollement en épaisseur totale.

Le deuxième élément clef est le choix d’une technique qui privilégie la vascularisation : différentes techniques (greffe on onlay, ROG, split horizontal) seront décrites avec des séquences vidéo et analyse des avantages et des inconvénients.

En résumé : deux maitres mots : gestion des tissus mous et vascularisation.
Evaluation de l’efficacité de l’hypno-sédation par rapport à une anxiolyse pharmacologique sur la qualité de vie et la douleur en post-opératoire de l’avulsion de dents de sagesse sous anesthésie locale : une étude prospective randomisée
Authors: Robardey G. , Smadja A. , Lescaille G. , Bouzouita I. , Descroix V.
Published: March 2020

Introduction : L’anxiété est associée à une haute intensité de douleur post-opératoire. Les méthodes pharmacologiques anxiolytiques ont prouvé leur efficacité. L’hypnose, qui a montré un bénéfice sur L’anxiété et la douleur per-opératoire et sur le post-interventionnel, est une alternative simple et dénuée d’effets secondaires. Il existe peu de comparaison entre sédation hypnotique et anxiolyse pharmacologique. L’objectif de cette étude est de montrer que L’hypnose est aussi efficace que l’association Hydroxyzine-MEOPA dans la prévention de L’anxiété et de la douleur post-opératoire en chirurgie orale. Matériel et méthodes 30 patients adressés dans le service d’Odontologie de la Pitié Salpêtrière pour avulsion de dents de sagesse homolatérales sous anesthésie locale ont été aléatoirement répartis en 3 groupes de 10 patients : un groupe bénéficiant de l’association Hydroxyzine-MEOPA, le second d’une hypno-sédation et le troisième était le groupe contrôle. Le protocole chirurgical était standardisé et les prescriptions post¬opératoires identiques. La chirurgie était réalisée par un opérateur et un hypnothérapeute uniques. Le critère principal de jugement était la qualité de vie post-opératoire. Un questionnaire évaluant par 17 items le dysfonctionnement, le malaise et le handicap oraux (score OHIP : 0 à 80 de la meilleure qualité de vie à la plus dégradée) était rempli par le patient à H0, H6, J, J2, J3, J7 et remis lors de la consultation de contrôle à J7. Les critères secondaires évaluaient la quantit 1 d’anesthésie per- opératoire, la durée opératoire, la douleur et L’anxiété post-opératoire et la durée de consommation d’antalgiques. Discussion L’étude poursuit l’inclusion de patients. Les résultats préliminaires sur 30 patients comparant les groupes Hydroxyzine-MEOPA et hypnose au groupe contrôle montrent une qualité de vie post-opératoire significativement meilleure dans le groupe hypnose à H6 (44.3[25.4-63.2] vs. 61.4[37.4-85.4], p=0.0048), J1 (p=0.0034), J2 (p=0.0037), J3 (p=0.0005), J7 (p=0.0003). La douleur y est également significativement plus faible dès J1 (EVA 4.3[1.8-6.8] vs. 6.8[3.9-9.7], p=0.0021), tout comme la quantité d’anesthésique per-opératoire (3.4[2.9-3.9] cartouches vs. 4.1[3.8-4.4], p=0.001), la durée d–intervention (49[44-54] minutes vs. 61[53-69], p=0.0008) et la durée de prise d’antalgiques post- opératoire (3.6[2.9-3.3] jours vs. 4.4[4.2-4.6], p=0.005).

Conclusion : L’hypno-sédation semble être une méthode de gestion de L’anxiété au moins aussi efficace que l’association Hydroxyzine-MEOPA pour l’avulsion des dents de sagesse. Son effet protecteur sur le post-opératoire est un réel bénéfice pour le patient : réduction de la quantité d’anesthésie et du temps opératoire, diminution de la douleur post- opératoire et de la durée de prise d’antalgiques.
Utilisation combinée des biomatériaux xénogéniques et d’os autologue en chirurgie reconstructrice préimplantaire : Réflexions à propos de quatre indications méconnues
Authors: Gellee T. , Philippe B.
Published: March 2020

Introduction : Les comblements sous-sinusiens et les ROG représentent les indications principales des biomatériaux de substitution xénogénique en Chirurgie Reconstructrice Pré-Implantaire. D’autres indications moins répandues nous paraissent devoir être présentées, en particulier la prévention de la résorption centripète et l’harmonisation des contours squelettiques des greffes d’apposition d’os autologue, les coffrages et les comblements étendus ainsi que la gestion des résorptions tardives de certaines greffes d’appositions. L’objectif de cette communication consiste à présenter ces situations cliniques rarement décrites mais dont la prise en charge raisonnée mérite d’être connue afin de mieux répondre aux besoins des patients. Matériel et méthode : Cinq dossiers représentatifs de ces indications sont exposés. Les problématiques rencontrées, les moyens mis en œuvre comme les résultats cliniques et radiographiques sont abordés. Discussion : Les cas étudiés illustrent les raisons pour lesquelles l’utilisation conjointe des biomatériaux xénogènes et de l’os autogène trouve son indication. L’Os xénogénique ostéo-conducteur participe au maintien des volumes et à lobtention d’une densité é levée au sein des reconstructions. L’Os autogène ostéo-conducteur, ostéo- inducteur et ostéogénique permet dans sa forme massive la réalisation de reconstructions bi ou tridimensionnelles étendues. Les membranes xénogéniques permettent de maintenir l’équilibre dans la compétition de l’intégration entre les tissus durs et les tissus mous. L’adjonction de concentrés plaquettaires prélevés en phase liquide et mélangés à la thrombine activée assure si nécessaire l’aggrégation des granules calcifiés d’os xénogénique. Conclusion : L’utilisation combinée des biomatériaux de substitution xénogéniques avec l’os autogène constitue une aide significative dans la prise en charge de certaines reconstructions pré-implantaires complexes. La stabilité des reconstructions dans leur forme et dans le temps comme l’augmentation de la densité offerte aux implants constituent les principaux avantages attendus.

Liens dintérêt : Aucun
Intérêt de l'indométacine comme traitement d'épreuve des céphalées hémi-faciales : aspects cliniques et pharmacologiques
Authors: Sulukdjian Arek , Nguyen Diane , Luciani Vanina , Chanlon Audrey , Moreau Nathan
Published: March 2020

La région oro- faciale peut être le siège de nombreuses pathologies douloureuses dont certaines d'origine neurovasculaire (migraine) ou trigémino-autonomiques (algie vasculaire de la face, hémicrânie paroxystique) peuvent être de diagnostic difficile, surtout en cas de présentation purement facial. L'hémicrânie paroxystique (HP) est une céphalée primaire caractérisé e par de multiples crises douloureuses unilaté rales associé es à des troubles autonomiques cránio-faciaux (ICHD3). De prédominance féminine, sa prévalence est estimée à 1/50 000. Son áge moyen d'apparition est en moyenne à 40 ans et touche une population de 5 à 68 ans. La grande particularité de cette pathologie est que son traitement de référence est aussi son principal outil de confirmation diagnostiqué En effet, l'HP présente une réponse complète à l'indométacine, ce qui pourrait permettre ainsi d'écarter les autres pathologies douloureuses faciales. Cet AINS a pour particularité d'être le seul à avoir une action spécifique au niveau hypothalamique, dont l'activation serait responsable du tableau céphalalgique dans l'hémicrànie paroxystiqué A ce titre, il peut s'avérer un test diagnostique intéressant en cas de douleurs hémifaciales inexpliquées, en particulier si des signes autonomiques sont présents. Il est rapporté trois cas de patients ayant consulté dans la consultation douleurs chroniques oro- faciales du service de médecine buccodentaire de l'hôpital Bretonneau pour des douleurs oro-faciales inexpliquées associées à de discrets signes dysautonomiques (sudation, obstruction nasale, rhinorhée, larmoiement). Alors que leurs précédents traitements étaient peu ou pas du tout efficaces (antalgiques de pallier 2, carbamazépine ou gabapentine), un traitement d'épreuve par indométacine a permis une disparition immédiate de leurs douleurs faciales. La présentation clinique et la réponse absolue à l'indométacine ont ainsi permis de poser le diagnostic d'hémicránie paroxystique chez ces trois patients. Les contre-indications de la molécule étant réduites à celles de sa famille pharmacologique, cette série de cas suggère l'intérêt de l'utilisation l'indométacine comme test diagnostique chez tout patient souffrant de céphalées hémifaciales strictes, surtout en présence de signes autonomiques.
Liquid-phase mega-electron-volt ultrafast electron diffraction
Authors: Nunes J. P. F. , Ledbetter K. , Lin M. , Kozina M. , DePonte D. P. , Biasin E. , Centurion M. , Crissman C. J. , Dunning M. , Guillet S. , Jobe K. , Liu Y. , Mo M. , Shen X. , Sublett R. , Weathersby S. , Yoneda C. , Wolf T. J. A. , Yang J. , Cordones A. A. , Wang X. J.
Published: March 2020

The conversion of light into usable chemical and mechanical energy is pivotal to several biological and chemical processes, many of which occur in solution. To understand the structure–function relationships mediating these processes, a technique with high spatial and temporal resolutions is required. Here, we report on the design and commissioning of a liquid-phase mega-electron-volt (MeV) ultrafast electron diffraction instrument for the study of structural dynamics in solution. Limitations posed by the shallow penetration depth of electrons and the resulting information loss due to multiple scattering and the technical challenge of delivering liquids to vacuum were overcome through the use of MeV electrons and a gas-accelerated thin liquid sheet jet. To demonstrate the capabilities of this instrument, the structure of water and its network were resolved up to the 3rd hydration shell with a spatial resolution of 0.6 Å; preliminary time-resolved experiments demonstrated a temporal resolution of 200 fs.
Full Agonist Opioid Prescribing by Primary Care Clinicians after Buprenorphine Training
Authors: Gadomski Anne , Anderson James , Chung Yelim K. , Krupa Nicole , Jenkins Paul
Published: March 2020

Background

While primary care clinicians are being trained to use buprenorphine for the treatment of Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) in order to increase access to addiction treatment, it is not known what impact such training and subsequent experience treating patients with OUD has on full agonist opioid prescribing.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study compares the full agonist opioid prescribing patterns of Drug Addiction Treatment Act (DATA)-waivered (“X-waivered”) primary care clinicians to non-trained, non-waivered clinicians in a rural health network. X-waivered clinicians also received Project ECHO training and telementoring support for one year. Using prescriber data generated by an electronic medical record system, opioid prescribing and morphine milligram equivalents (MME) per day per patient were calculated. A between-group analysis was used to compare the study groups six months pre-versus post-training.

Results

Although the mean number of full agonist opioid prescriptions per clinician and per 100 patient encounters decreased among all clinicians, there was no change in full agonist opioid prescribing MME. As expected, buprenorphine prescribing by X-waivered, trained clinicians increased significantly post-training.

Conclusions

X-waivers plus Project ECHO support for the treatment of OUD using buprenorphine had no effect on full agonist opioid prescribing by primary care clinicians.
From Transcript to “Trans-Script”: Romanized Santali across Semiotic Media
Authors: Choksi Nishaant
Published: March 2020

Santali is an Austro-Asiatic language spoken throughout eastern India, Nepal, and Bangladesh. It is currently written in multiple scripts, including a Roman script devised by missionaries in the late nineteenth century, various Indic scripts, and an independently derived script, Ol-Chiki. Each of these script systems entails different sound-to-script relationships, especially for phones such as the word-final glottalized consonants, which are not present in the dominant Indo-European vernaculars. This article traces the historical transformations of sound-to-script relations in the various scripts of Santali and tracks in particular a Romanized Santali transcription orthography that developed as a way to mediate between different scripts. The Romanized Santali form assumed a particular importance as Santali speakers started using Santali in digital and online spaces due to software limitations. However, the differing use of variants within the script to represent sounds such as word-final glottal consonants shows that what appears to be a novel orthography is in fact a “trans-script,” rhematizing the historical and ideological trajectories of the various script systems already in use in nondigital domains. The article claims that the Romanized “trans-script,” though internally diverse, has been deployed to further the standardization project and cultural politics associated with the Ol-Chiki script.
Polarization and fundamental sensitivity of 39K (133Cs)–85Rb–21Ne co-magnetometers*
Authors: Liu Jian-Hua , Jing Dong-Yang , Zhuang Lin , Quan Wei , Fang Jiancheng , Liu Wu-Ming
Published: March 2020

The hybrid optical pumping spin exchange relaxation free (HOPSERF) atomic co-magnetometers make ultrahigh sensitivity measurement of inertia achievable. The wall relaxation rate has a big effect on the polarization and fundamental sensitivity for the co-magnetometer, but it is often neglected in the experiments. However, there is almost no work about the systematic analysis of the influence factors on the polarization and the fundamental sensitivity of the HOPSERF co-magnetometers. Here we systematically study the polarization and the fundamental sensitivity of 39K–85Rb–21Ne and 133Cs–85Rb–21Ne HOPSERF co-magnetometers with low polarization limit and the wall relaxation rate. The 21Ne number density, the power density and wavelength of pump beam will affect the polarization greatly by affecting the pumping rate of the pump beam. We obtain a general formula on the fundamental sensitivity of the HOPSERF co-magnetometers due to shot-noise and the fundamental sensitivity changes with multiple systemic parameters, where the suitable number density of buffer gas and quench gas make the fundamental sensitivity highest. The fundamental sensitivity 7.5355×10–11 rad·s–1·Hz–1/2 of 133Cs–85Rb–21Ne co-magnetometer is higher than the ultimate theoretical sensitivity 2×10–10 rad·s–1·Hz–1/2 of K–21Ne co-magnetometer.
Magnetic properties of La2CuMnO6 double perovskite ceramic investigated by Monte Carlo simulations
Authors: Mtougui S , Housni I EL , Mekkaoui N EL , Ziti S , Idrissi S , Labrim H , Khalladi R , Bahmad L
Published: March 2020

We present a theoretical study of the magnetic properties of the lanthanum copper manganate double perovskite La2CuMnO6 ceramic, using Monte Carlo simulations. We analyze and discuss the ground state phase diagrams in different planes to show the effect of every physical parameter. Based on the Monte Carlo simulations, which combine Metropolis algorithm and Ising model, we explore the thermal behavior of the total magnetization and susceptibility. We also present and discuss the influence of physical parameters such as the external magnetic field, the exchange coupling interactions between magnetic atoms, and the exchange magnetic field on the magnetization of the system. Moreover, the critical temperature of the system is about T
c = 70 K, in agreement with the experimental value. Finally, the hysteresis loops of La2CuMnO6 are discussed.
Analysis of iris-loaded resonance cavity in miniaturized maser*
Authors: Guo Zu-Gen , Zhang Yong , Tang Tao , Wang Zhan-Liang , Gong Yu-Bin , Xiao Fei , Gong Hua-Rong
Published: March 2020

The size reduction of atomic clocks is a long-standing research issue. Many atomic clocks such as passive hydrogen masers (PHMs) and compact rubidium masers (CRMs) use iris-loaded resonance cavities (IRCs) as their microwave cavities because they can dramatically reduce the radical sizes of the atomic clocks. In this paper, the electromagnetic characteristic of the IRC is investigated by a theoretical model based on electromagnetic field theory. The formulas to calculate the resonance frequency, quality factor, and magnetic energy filling factor are presented. The relationship between the IRC structure and its electromagnetic characteristic is clarified. The theoretical calculation results accord well with the electromagnetic software simulations and experimental results. The results in this paper should be helpful in understanding the physical mechanism of the IRC and designing the atomic clocks.
Characteristic enhancement in tunnel field-effect transistors via introduction of vertical graded source*
Authors: Lyu Zhijun , Lu Hongliang , Zhang Yuming , Zhang Yimen , Lu Bin , Zhu Yi , Meng Fankang , Sun Jiale
Published: March 2020

A novel vertical graded source tunnel field-effect transistor (VGS-TFET) is proposed to improve device performance. By introducing a source with linearly graded component, the on-state current increases by more than two decades higher than that of the conventional GaAs TFETs without sacrificing the subthreshold swing (SS) due to the improved band-to-band tunneling efficiency. Compared with the conventional TFETs, much larger drive current range can be achieved by the proposed VGS-TFET with SS below the thermionic limitation of 60 mV/dec. Furthermore, the minimum SS about 20 mV/dec indicates its promising potential for further ultralow power applications.
Constraint dependence of average potential energy of a passive particle in an active bath*
Authors: Ye Simin , Liu Peng , Wei Zixuan , Ye Fangfu , Yang Mingcheng , Chen Ke
Published: March 2020

We quantify the mean potential energy of a passive colloidal particle harmonically confined in a bacterial solution using optical traps. We find that the average potential energy of the passive particle depends on the trap stiffness, in contrast to the equilibrium case where energy partition is independent of the external constraints. The constraint dependence of the mean potential energy originates from the fact that the persistent collisions between the passive particle and the active bacteria are influenced by the particle relaxation dynamics. Our experimental results are consistent with the Brownian dynamics simulations, and confirm the recent theoretical prediction.
Quantum legitimacy of reversible gate and a new design of multiplier based on R gate*
Authors: Ge Tingyu , Zhang Tinggui , Huang Xiaofen
Published: March 2020

Quantum full adders play a key role in the design of quantum computers. The efficiency of a quantum adder directly determines the speed of the quantum computer, and its complexity is closely related to the difficulty and the cost of building a quantum computer. The existed full adder based on R gate is a great design but it is not suitable to construct a quantum multiplier. We show the quantum legitimacy of some common reversible gates, then use R gate to propose a new design of a quantum full adder. We utilize the new designed quantum full adder to optimize the quantum multiplier which is based on R gate. It is shown that the new designed one can be optimized by a local optimization rule so that it will have lower quantum cost than before.
Hunting problems of multi-quadrotor systems via bearing-based hybrid protocols with hierarchical network*
Authors: Xu Zhen , Liu Xin-Zhi , Chen Qing-Wei , Wu Zi-Xing
Published: March 2020

Bearing-based hunting protocols commonly adopt a leaderless consensus method, which requests an entire state of the target for each agent and ignores the necessity of collision avoidance. We investigate a hunting problem of multi-quadrotor systems with hybrid bearing protocols, where the quadrotor systems are divided into master and slave groups for reducing the onboard loads and collision avoidance. The masters obtain the entire state of the target, whose hybrid protocols are based on the displacement and bearing constraints to maintain formation and to avoid the collision in the hunting process. However, the slaves’ protocols merely depend on the part state of the masters to reduce loads of data transmission. We also investigate the feasibility of receiving the bearing state from machine vision. The simulation results are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid bearing protocols.
Qubit movement-assisted entanglement swapping
Authors: Golkar Sare , Tavassoly Mohammad Kazem , Nourmandipour Alireza
Published: March 2020

We propose a scheme to generate entanglement between two distant qubits (two-level atom) which are separately trapped in their own (in general) non-Markovian dissipative cavities by utilizing entangling swapping, considering the case in which the qubits can move along their cavity axes rather than a static state of motion. We first examine the role of movement of the qubit by studying the entropy evolution for each subsystem. The average entropy over the initial states of the qubit is calculated. Then by performing a Bell state measurement on the fields leaving the cavities, we swap the entanglement between qubit-field in each cavity into qubit-qubit and field-field subsystems. The entangling power is used to measure the average amount of swapped entanglement over all possible pure initial states. Our results are presented in two weak and strong coupling regimes, illustrating the positive role of movement of the qubits on the swapped entanglement. It is revealed that by considering certain conditions for the initial state of qubits, it is possible to achieve a maximally long-leaving stationary entanglement (Bell state) which is entirely independent of the environmental variables as well as the velocity of qubits. This happens when the two qubits have the same velocities.
Effect of Ni substitution on the formability and magnetic properties of Gd50Co50 amorphous alloy*
Authors: Tang Ben-Zheng , Liu Xiao-Ping , Li Dong-Mei , Yu Peng , Xia Lei
Published: March 2020

A small amount of Ni was added into the binary Gd50Co50 amorphous alloy to replace Gd in order to obtain ternary Co50Gd50 − x
Ni
x
(x = 1, 2, and 3) amorphous alloys. Compared to the binary Gd50Co50 amorphous alloy, the Co50Gd50 − x
Ni
x
amorphous alloys show an enhanced Curie temperature (T
C) with a weakened formability. The maximum magnetic entropy change (

−
Δ

S
m

peak

) of the Co50Gd50−x
Ni
x
amorphous alloys is found to decrease with the increasing T
C. The adiabatic temperature rise (ΔT
ad) of the Co50Gd47Ni3 amorphous alloy is superior to that of the Fe-based metallic glasses at room temperature. The variation of the T
C and

−
Δ

S
m

peak

of the Gd50Co50 amorphous alloy with Ni addition, and the mechanism involved, were discussed.
Structural and thermal stabilities of Au@Ag core-shell nanoparticles and their arrays: A molecular dynamics simulation*
Authors: Jia Hai-Hong , Bao De-Liang , Zhang Yu-Yang , Du Shi-Xuan
Published: March 2020

Thermal stability of core-shell nanoparticles (CSNPs) is crucial to their fabrication processes, chemical and physical properties, and applications. Here we systematically investigate the structural and thermal stabilities of single Au@Ag CSNPs with different sizes and their arrays by means of all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. The formation energies of all Au@Ag CSNPs we reported are all negative, indicating that Au@Ag CSNPs are energetically favorable to be formed. For Au@Ag CSNPs with the same core size, their melting points increase with increasing shell thickness. If we keep the shell thickness unchanged, the melting points increase as the core sizes increase except for the CSNP with the smallest core size and a bilayer Ag shell. The melting points of Au@Ag CSNPs show a feature of non-monotonicity with increasing core size at a fixed NP size. Further simulations on the Au@Ag CSNP arrays with 923 atoms reveal that their melting points decrease dramatically compared with single Au@Ag CSNPs. We find that the premelting processes start from the surface region for both the single NPs and their arrays.
Recast combination functions of coordinate and momentum operators into their ordered product forms*
Authors: Wang Lei , Meng Xiang-Guo , Wang Ji-Suo
Published: March 2020

By using the parameter differential method of operators, we recast the combination function of coordinate and momentum operators into its normal and anti-normal orderings, which is more ecumenical, simpler, and neater than the existing ways. These products are very useful in obtaining some new differential relations and useful mathematical integral formulas. Further, we derive the normally ordered form of the operator (fQ + gP)−n
with n being an arbitrary positive integer by using the parameter tracing method of operators together with the intermediate coordinate–momentum representation. In addition, general mutual transformation rules of the normal and anti-normal orderings, which have good universality, are derived and hence the anti-normal ordering of (fQ + gP)−n
is also obtained. Finally, the application of some new identities is given.
Comparative studies of variation in end mill radial rake angle and cutting conditions on cutting force and surface integrity during machining of nimonic 263
Authors: Gowthaman S , Jagadeesha T
Published: March 2020

Tool nomenclature has a profound effect on the machining of alloys and the cutting force during machining. In this study, the effect of changes in radial rake angle of end mill cutter (+7°,0°, −7°) and machining parameters such as spindle rotational velocity (v) and table feed velocity ( f ) on cutting force and surface roughness were presented using regression analysis and a comparison has been made with the measured surface roughness and cutting force data. Additionally, to confirm the goodness of fit, Analysis of variance (ANOVA) has been undertaken and found that the developed empirical model is significant. The experimental outcome clearly indicates that the radial rake angle of end mill cutter is the most significant parameter, which reflect higher efficiency during machining followed by table feed velocity. Spindle rotational velocity is found to be a least significant parameter. Furthermore, the analysis of chip morphology confirmed the behavioral changes while machining due to the presence of variation in tool nomenclature and machining condition.
Characteristic cycle of a rank one sheaf and ramification theory
Authors: Yatagawa Yuri
Published: March 2020

We compute the characteristic cycle of a rank one sheaf on a smooth surface over a perfect field of positive characteristic. We construct a canonical lifting on the cotangent bundle of Kato’s logarithmic characteristic cycle using ramification theory and prove the equality of the characteristic cycle and the canonical lifting. As corollaries, we obtain a computation of the singular support in terms of ramification theory and the Milnor formula for the canonical lifting.
The role of signaling constraints in defining optimal marginal costs of reliable signals
Authors: Harris Keith D , Daon Yair , Nanjundiah Vidyanand
Published: March 2020

The handicap principle was originally proposed to resolve the question of why, in their competition for mates, certain species invest in exaggerated ornaments that are often detrimental to their survival. Zahavi suggested that the traits that are most suitable to serve as signals are precisely those that require the burden of extra investment to increase in magnitude: that burden enables the signal to be correlated with the signaler’s quality. According to his model, the additional investment in signaling results in a functional advantage. It does so by providing more accurate information regarding the signaler as it increases the distinction between males of similar quality. There are a number of formalizations of this model, and experimental studies of the handicap principle have focused on testing them. Nonetheless, there is little consensus whether 1) ensuring reliability requires an additional investment or 2) traits that require a relatively higher investment to increase (have higher marginal costs) are selected as signals over those with lower marginal costs. Here, we present an agent-based mate choice model that quantifies the relative stability of signals with different marginal costs. Our model demonstrates how quality-independent constraints (in signal production and perception) affect the range of marginal costs for which a signal is informative. In turn, receiver preference for informative signals drives the selection of signals according to marginal cost. The presence or absence of signaling constraints can determine the outcome of costly signaling models and, thus, explain the different conclusions of Zahavi’s verbal model and its subsequent formalizations.
forgeNet: a graph deep neural network model using tree-based ensemble classifiers for feature graph construction
Authors: Kong Yunchuan , Yu Tianwei
Published: March 2020

Motivation

A unique challenge in predictive model building for omics data has been the small number of samples (n) versus the large amount of features (p). This ‘n≪p’ property brings difficulties for disease outcome classification using deep learning techniques. Sparse learning by incorporating known functional relationships between the biological units, such as the graph-embedded deep feedforward network (GEDFN) model, has been a solution to this issue. However, such methods require an existing feature graph, and potential mis-specification of the feature graph can be harmful on classification and feature selection.

Results

To address this limitation and develop a robust classification model without relying on external knowledge, we propose a forest graph-embedded deep feedforward network (forgeNet) model, to integrate the GEDFN architecture with a forest feature graph extractor, so that the feature graph can be learned in a supervised manner and specifically constructed for a given prediction task. To validate the method’s capability, we experimented the forgeNet model with both synthetic and real datasets. The resulting high classification accuracy suggests that the method is a valuable addition to sparse deep learning models for omics data.

Availability and implementation

The method is available at https://github.com/yunchuankong/forgeNet.

Contact

tianwei.yu@emory.edu

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Spatially Dissociated Intracerebral Maps for Face- and House-Selective Activity in the Human Ventral Occipito-Temporal Cortex
Authors: Hagen Simen , Jacques Corentin , Maillard Louis , Colnat-Coulbois Sophie , Rossion Bruno , Jonas Jacques
Published: March 2020

We report a comprehensive mapping of the human ventral occipito-temporal cortex (VOTC) for selective responses to frequency-tagged faces or landmarks (houses) presented in rapid periodic trains of objects, with intracerebral recordings in a large sample (N = 75). Face-selective contacts are three times more numerous than house-selective contacts and show a larger amplitude, with a right hemisphere advantage for faces. Most importantly, these category-selective contacts are spatially dissociated along the lateral-to-medial VOTC axis, respectively, consistent with neuroimaging evidence. At the minority of “overlap” contacts responding selectively to both faces and houses, response amplitude to the two categories is not correlated, suggesting a contribution of distinct populations of neurons responding selectively to each category. The medio-lateral dissociation also extends into the underexplored anterior temporal lobe (ATL). In this region, a relatively high number of intracerebral recording contacts show category-exclusive responses (i.e., without any response to baseline visual objects) to faces but rarely to houses, in line with the proposed role of this region in processing people-related semantic information. Altogether, these observations shed novel insight on the neural basis of human visual recognition and strengthen the validity of the frequency-tagging approach coupled with intracerebral recordings in epileptic patients to understand human brain function.
Why is labour receiving a smaller share of global income?*
Authors: Dao Mai Chi , Das Mitali , Koczan Zsoka
Published: March 2020

The labour share of income has been on a downward trend in both advanced and emerging economies. Declining labour shares in emerging economies, though less pronounced, present an important puzzle as they contradict the predictions of classical trade theory. This paper presents a stylized mechanism to reconcile these findings, at the centre of which is routinization, that is, the automation of labour in occupations highly exposed to substitution by computer capital. We assemble a novel dataset and introduce a new measure of the exposure to routinization to analyse the drivers of falling labour shares. While technological progress and exposure to routinization explain over half the overall decline in advanced economies, in emerging markets, the globalization of trade and the accompanying capital deepening are the most significant driver, with technological progress and routinization playing a negligible role.
ESHRE PGT Consortium good practice recommendations for the detection of monogenic disorders†
Authors:   ESHRE PGT-M Working Group, Carvalho Filipa , Moutou Céline , Dimitriadou Eftychia , Dreesen Jos , Giménez Carles , Goossens Veerle , Kakourou Georgia , Vermeulen Nathalie , Zuccarello Daniela , De Rycke Martine
Published: March 2020

The field of preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) is evolving fast and best practice advice is essential for regulation and standardisation of diagnostic testing. The previous ESHRE guidelines on best practice for PGD, published in 2005 and 2011, are considered outdated, and the development of new papers outlining recommendations for good practice in PGT was necessary.

The current paper provides recommendations on the technical aspects of PGT for monogenic/single-gene defects (PGT-M) and covers recommendations on basic methods for PGT-M and testing strategies. Furthermore, some specific recommendations are formulated for special cases, including de novo pathogenic variants, consanguineous couples, HLA typing, exclusion testing and disorders caused by pathogenic variants in the mitochondrial DNA. This paper is one of a series of four papers on good practice recommendations on PGT. The other papers cover the organisation of a PGT centre, embryo biopsy and tubing and the technical aspects of PGT for chromosomal structural rearrangements/aneuploidies.

Together, these papers should assist scientists interested in PGT in developing the best laboratory and clinical practice possible.
Challenges and insights from holistic sustainability reporting for shrimp fisheries in different jurisdictions
Authors: Hornborg Sara , Hobday Alistair J , Ogier Emily , Fleming Aysha , Thomas Linda , Hartog Jason R
Published: March 2020

Sustainability of fisheries extends beyond environmental aspects. Broad information is today sought for decision-making and by many stakeholders. Here, a framework recently developed to comprehensively report on sustainability issues relevant to fisheries, the Australian Fisheries Healthcheck, was used to compare five crustacean trawl fisheries from Australia and Europe. Indicators covered 51 different aspects of sustainability in 24 sub-categories related to ecological, economic, social and ethical, governance, and external (e.g. climate, contaminants) dimensions. We found that data availability did not vary greatly between fisheries, but the indicator outcomes did. Furthermore, while environmental sustainability has received most attention in assessments to date, the associated indicators had the least publicly available data. Another finding was that eco-certification and high performance on several governance indicators did not necessarily equate to sustainability. For future international comparisons, challenges include identifying comparable and cost-effective metrics for indicators derived from different data collection strategies. Commencing holistic reporting on broader sustainability is important since the data provided (i) are sought by stakeholders; (ii) enable improved availability of empirical data for research on the effectiveness of different governance modes; (iii) can illustrate trade-offs between different dimensions of sustainability, and (iv) build trust in the fishery system as producers of sustainable food.