bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
أ ثر استراتيجية ( عبر- خطط - قوم ) في تحصيل مادة الرياضيات وتنمية الاستيعاب المفاهيمي لدى طالبات الصف الخامس الاحيائي
Authors: Hasan al-Janabi Maha Mohammed
Published: December 2022

هدف البحث التعرف على أثر استراتيجية (  عبر- خطط – قوم ) في تحصيل مادة الرياضيات وتنمية الاستيعاب المفاهيمي  لدى طالبات الصف الخامس الاحيائي ) ,وتحقيقا لهدف البحث اعتمدت الباحثة منهج البحث التجريبي ذي المجموعتين التجريبية والضابطة . ووضعت الفرضيات الصفرية الاتية:

لا يوجد فرق ذي دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى (0,05) بين متوسطي درجات طالبات الصف الخامس الاحيائي ( المجموعة التجريبية) اللاتي تعلمن الرياضيات وفق استراتيجية (عبر- خطط - قوم) وبين الطالبات اللاتي تعلمن المادة نفسها بالطريقة الاعتيادية (المجموعة الضابطة ) في الاختبار التحصيلي.
لا يوجد فرق ذي دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى (0,05) بين متوسطي درجات طالبات الصف الخامس الاحيائي (المجموعة التجريبية) اللاتي تعلمن الرياضيات وفق استراتيجية (عبر- خطط - قوم) وبين الطالبات اللاتي تعلمن المادة نفسها بالطريقة الاعتيادية (المجموعة الضابطة ) في اختبار الاستيعاب المفاهيمي .

        تم تحديد مجتمع البحث والذي يمثل طالبات الصف الخامس الاحيائي من ممثلية وزارة التربية للطلبة النازحين في السليمانية ,اختيرت عينة البحث  (50) طالبة وقسمت العينة إلى  مجموعتين

مجموعة تجريبية درست وفق استراتيجية (عبر- خطط - قوم) .
مجموعة ضابطة درست وفق الطريقة الاعتيادية .

         تم اجراء التكافؤ بين المجموعتين في المتغيرات (التحصيل السابق في مادة الرياضيات, التحصيل العام , العمر الزمني بالاشهر , اختبار الاستيعاب المفاهيمي القبلي) ., أعدت الباحثة اختباراً تحصيلياً مكونا بصيغته النهائية من(30) فقرة, واختبار الاستيعاب المفاهيمي  مكونا من (24) فقرة ,وتم التأكد من الخصائص السايكومترية للاختبارين , وبعد تطبيق الاختبارين ، تـم جمع البيان ات ومعالجتها إحصائيا باستخدام الاختبار التائي لعينتين مستقلتين . وأظهرت النتائج:

يوجد فرق ذي دلالة إحصائية بين طالبات المجموعتين التجريبية والضابطة في الاختبار ٔ التحصيلي لمادة الرياضيات لمصلحة المجموعة التجريبية .
يوجد فرق ذي دلالة إحصائية بين طالبات المجموعتين التجريبية والضابطة في اختبار الاستيعاب المفاهيمي لمصلحة المجموعة التجريبية . 

   وفي ضوء النتائج توصلت الباحثة إلى  مجموعة من الاستنتاجات والتوصيات والمقترحات ، أهمها اعتماد استراتيجية  (عبر- خطط - قوم )في تدريس مادة الرياضيات
أسلوب التفاوض وعلاقته بمرونة التفكير لدى طلبة الجامعة
Authors: Majid Alsabab Azhar Mohammed
Published: December 2022

استهدف البحث الحالي ما يأتي : 1:قياس أسلوب التفاوض لدى طلبة الجامعة . 2:قياس أسلوب التفاوض على وفق متغير الجنس (ذكور-إناث). 3:قياس التفكير المرن لدى طلبة الجامعة . 4:قياس التفكير المرن على وفق متغير الجنس(ذكور-إناث). 5:أيجاد  العلاقة الارتباطية بين أسلوب التفاوض ومرونة التفكير لدى طلبة الجامعة . تألفت عينة البحث من (200) طالب وطالبة تم اختيارهم بالطريقة الطبقية العشوائية من طلبة كلية الاداب جامعة بغداد ،ولتحقيق أهداف البحث الحالي تم بناء مقياس أسلوب التفاوض وتبني مقياس الجلاد2014 وبعد تطبيق المقياسين أظهرت النتائج ان الطلبة لديهم أسلوب تفاوض جيد ، كما لديهم مرونة التفكير ،ولا توجد فروق ذات دلالة بين الذكور والاناث ،كما أظهرت النتائج بوجود علاقته ارتباطية عالية بين أسلوب التفاوض الفعال ومرونة التفكير، وفي ضوء النتائج وضعت الباحثة جملة من التوصيات والمقترحات.
Between Being and Becoming: A Gynocritical Reading of Selected Narratives
Authors: Al-Doory Awfa Hussein , Khalil Intisar Rasheed , Hussein Marwa Sami
Published: December 2022

Feminism since its emergence is based, in essence, on the principle of equality not only between men and woman, but even between women themselves. As such, feminism is concerned with how women are engaged in the process of being and becoming—a process that diminishes labeling womenfolk as the "Inferior Other Sex". The study argues that narratives written by feminist writers like Charlotte Perkins Gilman, Virginia Woolf, and Kate Chopin are Gynocritical feminists writing back to an androcentric culture and the patriarical system whose sole aim is to silence women , treat them as an inferior sex, and confine them to the roles of nursering and nurturing. The following study reflects on a literary mosaic composed of denouncing voices that provide more insights into the nature of women's existence. Elucidated under the umbrella of feminism, the examined narratives, namely The Yellow Wallpaper, The New Dress, and A Story of an Hour, shed the light on different aspects related to women's being and becoming including hysteria, the objectified angel, the invisible being, women's authentication, and so on. The study draws heavily on feminist critics who present different discussions about masculine subjugation of women and feminist's avenue towards self-actualization. The study falls into four sections and a conclusion. Section one is an introduction illustrating the core of feminism with reference to its main concepts. Section two tackles the concept of hysteria as it is represented in Gilman's "The Yellow Wallpaper". Section three examines Kate Chopin's "A Story of an Hour" through the lenses of Simon de Beauvoir's existentialist perspectives. Section four reflects on Virginia Woolf's treatment of women's attempts to transcend passivity as it is represented in "The New Dress". The Conclusion highlights the findings of the study.
اثر طريقة تألف الاشتات في تنمية الذكاء الوجودي لدى طالبات الصف الاول المتوسط في القران الكريم والتربية الاسلامية
Authors: Mashkhti Al-Rikani Amira Mustafa
Published: December 2022

يهدف البحث الحالي الى تعرف أثر استخدام طريقة تألف الاشتات في تنمية الذكاء الوجودي لدى طالبات الصف الاول المتوسط في مادة القران الكريم والتربية الاسلامية، ولتحقيق هدف البحث وضعت الباحثة  فرضية صفرية واحدة ، وقد اختيرت متوسطة سيناء الواقعة في حي الجزائر في محافظة نينوى بالطريقة القصدية لتطبيق البحث، اذ تكونت عينة البحث من (64) طالبة بواقع (32) طالبة للمجموعة التجريبية (32) طالبة للمجموعة الضابطة ,وكوفئت المجموعتان التجريبية والضابطة احصائيا في المتغيرات الاتية ( المعلومات السابقة، درجات مادة التربية الاسلامية للعام السابق، العمر الزمني محسوبا بالأشهر، التحصيل الدراسي للأبوين، الذكاء، المعدل العام للعام الماضي. كما واعدت الباحثة خطة نموذجية للموضوعات المقرر تدريسها في التجربة ، ودرست الباحثة مجموعتي البحث خلال مدة التجربة ، وبعد انتهاء التجربة ، طبقت الباحثة الاختبار البعدي على طالبات المجموعتين ، واستعملت الوسائل الاحصائية الاتية : مربع كاي، الاختبار التائيT-test، معامل ارتباط بيرسون، معادلة سبيرمان، معادلة الصعوبة، معادلة التمييز.
       وبعد تحليل النتائج احصائيا توصلت الباحثة الى تفوق طلبة المجموعة التجريبية التي درست باستعمال طريقة تالف الاشتات على المجموعة الضابطة التي درست بالطريقة الاعتيادية وفي ضوء هذه النتيجة اوصت الباحثة بما يأتي : توجيه مدرسي ومدرسات التربية الاسلامية بتدريس المادة بطريقة تالف الاشتات وطريقة تدريسية حديثة تناسب هذه المادة
Shear Behavior of Hollow Ferrocement Beam Reinforced by Steel and Fiberglass Meshes
Authors: Alobaidy Qutaiba Najm Abdullah , Abdulla Aziz I. , Al-Mashaykhi Mustafa
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study is to investigate the shear behavior of hollow ferrocement beams of self-compacting mortar reinforced with various types of metallic (steel wire mesh) and non-metallic (fiber glass mesh) reinforcement. The experimental program consists of casting eight ferrocement beams with dimensions of 150×225×2000 mm, with 50 mm of ferrocement thickness and a polystyrene cork core of 50×125 mm. The study parameters were the type of shear reinforcement and the number of layers of wire mesh. The results showed that the ultimate load of the beams reinforced with several layers of the fiber glass mesh (1, 2, and 3) was decreased by (3.27%, 16.52%, and 9.38%) respectively, compared to the beams reinforced with layers of steel wire mesh (1, 2 and 3). The ultimate load of these beams increased by (33.71%, 73.28%, and 122.11%) respectively, compared to the beams without shear reinforcement. Also, the ultimate load of the beams reinforced with layers of welded wire mesh was increased by (38.23%, 107.56%, and 145.09%) respectively, compared to the beams without shear reinforcement. The ductility and toughness of the beams reinforced with several layers of the fiber glass mesh (1, 2, and three) were decreased by (1.68%, 2.11%, 2.68%) and (29.39%, 25.91%, 16.06%) respectively, compared to beams reinforced with several layers of steel wire mesh (1, 2 and 3). The crack propagation was reduced and its number and crack width decreased by using steel wire mesh and fiber glass wire mesh instead of stirrups, especially in beams with two and three layers of wire mesh. The results also showed that the use of glass fiber or welded wire mesh in the reinforcement of hollow beams instead of steel stirrups has a significant effect on the failure load, deflections, crack patterns, and shear stresses, despite the clear preference for beams reinforced with steel wire mesh.
Therapeutic effect of camel milk on albino mice (Mus musculus) colon experimentally infected with Entameba histolytica
Authors: Rana Hussein Al-Joboury1  , Fatima Shihab Al-Nasiri  , Ayad Hameed Ebraheem
Published: December 2022

The present study aimed to determine the therapeutic effect of camel milk on colonic tissues of albino mice experimentally infected with E. histolytica. Albino mice (Mus musculus) was infected experimentally with E. histolytica cyst stage at a dose 1x106 cell/ml, which was isolated from faecal samples of infected children with E. histolytica who attended to Children's Hospital in the city of Kirkuk at period from May to July 2019. The infected group showed, sever lymphocytes infiltration, and trophozoit stage in the mucous layer with the presence of necrotic materials. In the group of mice which administered with 3 ml of camel milk, colon tissue was normal and there were no histopathological changes compared with mice infected with E. histolytica. While, in the infected group and later treated with camel milk, the histological sections confirm the improvement of colon tissue layers after treatment compared with infected group. Also, in this group, the stages of the parasite were absent. Therefore, from the current study it can be concluded that camel milk has a therapeutic role against the tissue lesions caused by E. histolytica.
The role of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum), sesame (sesamum indicum), and domperidone in detecting the mammary glands of lactating white rats
Authors: Israa Hashim Ali  , Munif Saob Ahmed  , Aziz Khalid Hamid
Published: December 2022

This study was designed to impact the effect of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum), sesame (sesamum indicum), and domperidone on the mammary glands of pregnant white rats spices Rattus norvegicus at different concentrations. Fenugreek was used in an oral dose of 0.5 ml / day as oil, while sesame was used with a dose of 1 g / day as powder and domperidone was used as liquid as an oral dose of 2 mg / day .
The results of the histological examination in the group that dosed the fenugreek showed an increase in the size of the lobules and alveoli, and the lumen was larger than the control group, as well as its branching. The cavities contain internal folds representing the branching of the vesicle wall and the increase of the secreted material in addition to containing an amount of fat in the form of fat droplet within the secretory materials in the lumen Alveoli.
In the group dosed with sesame observed an increase in the size of lobules and alveolitis and their branching and increased secretory material compared with the control group was also found, but that was less than the other two test groups.
In the domperidone group was found an increase in the size of lobules and alveoli and an increase in branching was observed. The secreted material inside the alveolar cavities also increased with an increase in lipid droplets within the secretory material compared with the control group and the other two experimental groups
The effect of different concentrations of metformin in the liver and kidney functions for diabatic induced male rats.
Authors: Inas Mujil Nayef Al-janabi  , Wahby Abd Al kadr Salman Al-hmdany
Published: December 2022

The aimed of the study  to determination the effects of reducing diabetes drug "Metformin" on the liver and kidney function by number of biochemical parameters, including two liver enzymes: Alanine Transaminase (ALT), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and concentration of kidney function in the blood serum urea, and uric acid. male albino rats,which were used in this study. The results showed an increase in ALT activity, as well as the status of ALP activity. The concentrations of urea, and uric acid increase significantly (P≤0.05) in serum of rats the animals that were given alloxan compared to the control group. The concentrations of these enzymes decreased in the third and fourth groups of animals that were dosed with metformin at a concentration of 500,850 mg compared with the alloxan group. The group treated with metformin at a concentration of 850 mg was revealed three times the lower activities of all enzymes throughout the study period.
Effects of Laser Radiation on Erythrocytes Sedimentation Rate
Authors: Shereen Q. Khalid  , Ahmed A. Ibrahim
Published: December 2022

The effect of the Carbon dioxide (CO2) laser radiation on the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) in the blood sample is studied in this research in vitro. Carbon dioxide (CO2) laser was used for irradiation the blood samples. the study irradiation time was (5,10,15,20)s ; so the dose of irradiation were (1,8 ,13)watt . The sample of the blood obtained from twenty volunteers and each sample was divided into two samples for control and irradiation. The ESR was measured after laser irradiation and compared with un irradiation control.  The results showed that there were significant differences in the values of sedimentation rates for (1,8 ,13)watt for control and irradiation. the results show that erythrocyte sedimentation rate decreases with increasing laser radiation with constant exposure time (5,10,15,20)sec and erythrocyte sedimentation rate decreases with increasing time exposure with constant laser radiation .
Studying the effect of light intensity and the dust on efficiency of Silicon Solar cell
Authors: Kawkab D. Salim
Published: December 2022

In this paper, Two main effected parameters on the efficiency of solar cell has studied: the increasing in the amount of intensity of incident solar irradiance on the surface of silicon solar cell and accumulation of dust on the front face of solar cell. The parameters of silicon solar cell (Isc, Voc, pmax, η) have been studied under various quantities of solar irradiations (G= 100, 172,252 and 606W/m2 ) at  a constant temperature (TC=25±2) ͦ C. The results showed an increasing in the value of conversion efficiency( fromη=7.1% to η=10%) with the increasing of intensity of solar flux. But the dust had a reverse effect on the value of conversion efficiency , thus after one week  there was noticeable of(∆Isc= 5%) degradation at value of short circuit that lead to decrease of conversion efficiency.
On Ɱicro α- generalized closed and Ɱicro semi- generalized closed in Ɱicro -topological spaces
Authors: Saja S. Mohsen  , Taha H. Jasim
Published: December 2022

We're going to study a new definitions in this paper that’s are  generalized  ,  generalized ,  generalized  and  generalized . Also, we show the relationships between them in illustration diagram and gives some results and examples.
Some of epidemiological criteria associated with cutaneous leishmaniasis in Tikrit city, Salah Al-Din province, Iraq
Authors: Noor Waleed Al-Alousy  , Fatima Shihab Al-Nasiri
Published: December 2022

Cutaneous leishmaniasis is endemic in Iraq and represents a real threat to public health and causes skin lesions. The current study was aimed to investigation of epidemiological aspects of cutaneous leishmaniasis infection in Tikrit city and in the districts and sub-districts around the city center. The current study was conducted for people with cutaneous leishmaniasis that attending Salah Al-Din General Hospital for treatment, during the period from 14 September to 30 December 2020. The study included 100 cases of clinically diagnosed as Cutaneous leishmaniasis and confirmed by show of Leishmania parasites on smears from lesions. The results showed that the majority of infections appeared in December (71.00%), males are more infected (51.00%) compared with females (49.00%). The age range was from ≤ 2 to 60 years, the majority of patients were infants in the age group ≤ 2 years (40.00%). Higher infection occurred in the districts and sub-districts around the city center (73.00%) compared with city center (27.00%). The results showed that the majority of patients had dry type lesions (67.00%), while wet ulcers were present in 33.00%. Also, the prevalence of infection was higher in face (44.23%), whereas the lower prevalence was recorder for the lower limbs (17.31%).
Studying the effect of plant extracts of Saliva officinalis L. and Costus speciosus L. on bacterial species causing urinary tract infection in Samarra
Authors: Huda Ali Hadi
Published: December 2022

The current study aimed at the possibility of benefiting from the plant extracts of the Costus speciosus and Salvia officinalis plants in the treatment of bacterial diseases through knowing the inhibitory effect of these extracts on the isolated bacterial species. The aqueous cold - hot and alcoholic extracts ethanol – methanol were tested with concentrations of 70,50,10 mg / ml and by the method of diffusion in pollen of Costus speciosus .L and Saliva officinalis L. on the bacterial genera Pseudomonas areuginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, Enterobacter spp. that isolated from patients with urinary tract infection in the city of Samarra, where the results showed that the two types of water extracts, especially the hot ones, are more efficient than both alcoholic extracts of The two plants mentioned above. Where the concentration of 70 mg / ml gave the aqueous extracts a high inhibitory capacity and for both plants compared to the other concentrations, as it was found that the inhibitory capacity increased with increasing concentrations, while the alcohol extracts had a low inhibitory capacity to no compared to the aqueous extracts.
Histological effect of isoniazid drug in the kidney and liver tissues of albino mice Mus Musuclus
Authors: Muna Salah Rashid  , Israa Abdoul munem
Published: December 2022

The aim of this study is to investigate the histopathological changes induced by the anti-tuberculosis drug (isoniazid) in the kidney and liver tissues of white male mice  Mus Musculus. 25 mice were distributed into five groups that included a control group, a therapeutic dose group of 0.625 mg, a group of 1.25 mg toxic group and a dose group The semi-lethal (LD50) is 80 mg, and the lethal dose LD range is 150 mg.
Oral administration of isoniazid led to pathological changes. In the kidneys, the tissue lesions were represented by the occurrence of necrosis in the cells of the urinary tubules in some areas, and the infiltration of  inflammatory cells clearly, and the desquamation of some cells of the urinary tubules, and the swelling of some cells, which led to a narrowing in the lumen of the urinary tubules. The nuclei are necrotic and disintegrated. The glomerulus was some areas enlarged and some areas atrophic.
As of the liver, it was represented by the occurrence of necrosis, hemorrhage and congestion, infiltration of inflammatory cell, thickening of the plasma membrane, widening of the sinusoids some araes and narrowing them at other times.
Conclusion
The administration of isoniazid led to pathological changes in the kidneys, including necrosis, infiltration of inflammatory cell, glomerulosclerosis, nucleoli, as well as changes in the liver, including hemorrhage, rupture of the vein wall, and hemolysis of blood cells
Micro and Nano of ZnO Particles Effect on Some Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Epoxy Resin Composites
Authors: Ismail Salih Mohammed  , Jasim Mohammed Mansoor  , Hind W Abdullah
Published: December 2022

Effect of Micro and Nano particle of Zinc Oxide on the mechanical and thermal conductivity properties of an epoxy micro and nanocomposite were studied. Micro and nanocomposites were prepared using Open template method and by different weight ratios of micro and nano of ZnO particles having an average size of (45 µm) and (50 nm), respectively. The mechanical properties of micro and nano-composites were studied using Mechanical measuring devices including tensile strength devices, Shock resistance and Shore hardness Effects of ZnO micro and nanoparticles on the curing behavior of these micro and nanocomposites were investigated utilizing lee disc method. It was found that, ZnO micro and nanoparticles can effectively influence on the mechanical and thermal properties of epoxy coating. In addition, as the results showed an improvement in the mechanical properties of the epoxy compound supported with nanoparticles better than the compound supported with micro-particles, The values of hardness (81,82,82.4,  and 83 N/mm2 ) for the microcomposites and (81.2,82.8,83, and 84 N/mm2) for the nanocomposites compared its value (79) for pure epoxy and the impact values (17.5,18.75,21.25, and 26.25kJ/m2) for the microcomposites and (18,21.25,23.75, and 27.5kJ/m2) for the nanocomposites compared its value (16.25) for pure epoxy and for the ratios (0.1,0.3,0.5, and 0.7 wt%) respectively , while the results showed a decrease in the thermal conductivity of the epoxy compound supported by micro and nanoparticles with an increase in the weight ratios. Micro and Nano particle of ZnO
Using Touchard Polynomials Method for Solving Volterra-Fredholm Integro-Differential Equations
Authors: Mohammed Khalid Shahoodh
Published: December 2022

The goal of this paper is to introduce numerical solution for Volterra-Fredholm integro-differential equations of the second kind. The proposed method is Touchard polynomials method, and this technique transforms the integro-differential equations to the system of algebraic equations. Four examples are presented in order to illustrate the accuracy and efficiency of this method
Antagonistic activity of extracts of Edible mushroom pleurotus osreatus Against some fungi isolated from soil
Authors: Asal Faiz Hameed Aldabbgh  , Abdalkarim S.Hasan Alnuaimi
Published: December 2022

The results of the current study that the extract of the food fungus Pleurotus sp and its compounds isolated from it have an effect in inhibiting the growth of some fungi isolated from the soil. Thus, different concentrations were used and in three ways are: the method of high concentration, wells method and disc method. where the aqueous extract using the high concentrations method showed better results than the ethanolic extract against some isolated fungi under study, especially at the concentration (2.5) (2) (1.5) ml except for Penicillium natatum, which gave a slight growth at two concentrations of (2.5) (2) ml. As for the tablets method, where the ethanolic extract had a greater effect on the growth of the fungi under study than the aqueous extract, and the results of the wells method for the extract showed. The aqueous extract edible mushroom pleurotus sp. More effective than ethanolic extract.
Investigate the scattering of electromagnetic waves from lanthanide nanoparticles by changing the size and shape of nanoparticles
Authors: Osamah Saud Salman  , Tamer Khalil M Ali
Published: December 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of change in particle size and shape of nano lanthanides and its effect on the distribution of electromagnetic waves. In this study, we investigated lanthanide nanoparticles for the scattering of electromagnetic waves in excitation factors such as the electronic properties of nanoparticles, the size and shape of nanoparticles, the temperature properties around nanoparticles and dielectric nanoparticles. In this study, lanthanide nanoparticles with CST software were used to simulate the scattering of electromagnetic waves. In this project, using the classical electromagnetic theory, the scattering of small dielectric particles in relation to this cross section of electromagnetic waves was investigated and the changes for different parameters were evaluated. Also, the rotation measured the cross-section of small particles by changing the parameters. Lanthanide nanoparticles in the 60 GHz to 120 GHz band were used to study the scattering of electromagnetic waves. The results showed that the yield of lanthanide particle nanometers was more than five nanometers in diameter and more than ten nanometers. We have shown that with the angular scattering of electromagnetic waves, lanthanide nanoparticles are more oval and more than a spherical shape.
Ag/ TiO2 core/shell NPs synthesized by laser ablation and its antibacterial activity
Authors: Maha T. Twafeeq  , Falah A-H. Mutlak
Published: December 2022

As a consequence of the spread of infectious illnesses caused by numerous harmful bacteria and the development of antibiotic resistance, researchers and pharmaceutical firms are seeking for novel antibacterial medicines. Furthermore, due to their high surface area to volume ratio (SA:V) and unique physical and chemical characteristics, Nano scale materials are emerging as novel antibacterial agents in the contemporary context. In this study, we show how to prepare Ag/ TiO2 NPs that are pure, stable, and high in concentration. By applying a pulsed laser (Nd:YAG) with different wavelengths of 1064 nm and a length of 532 nm resulting from the second harmonic generation using the KDP crystal, and with a wavelength of 355 nm resulting from the third harmonic generation using the nonlinear crystal KTP to a TiO2 plate submerged in Ag nanoparticle suspensions previously produced with various energies of 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000mJ, Ag/ TiO2 NPs were created. The absorption peak for the sample obtained at 1000 mJ energy is greater than the absorption peak for the sample prepared at 200 mJ, which is attributable to increased nanoparticle concentration. At 440 nm, the remaining peaks are nearly fixed. The absorption rise when the laser wavelength was reduced from 1064 nm to 355 nm and the energy levels were increased from 200 to 1000 mJ, according to our findings. It was discovered that Ag/ TiO2 has an effect on bacterial activity, with the inhibition area rising as the laser intensity rises. E.coli were shown to be more resistant to Ag/TiO2than S.aureus.
New Hybrid Conjugate Gradient Method as a Convex Combination of Dai–Liao and Wei–Yao–Liu
Authors: Zeyad Mohammed Abdullah  , Faris Saleem Dhyab
Published: December 2022

In this research, a new method of hybrid conjugated gradient methods was developed. This method is based mainly on the hybridization of Dia-Laio and Wei-Yao-Liu algorithms, by using convex fitting and conjugate condition of line Uncontrolled search. The resulting algorithm fulfills the condition of sufficient proportions and has universal convergence under certain assumptions. The numerical results indicated the efficiency of this method in solving nonlinear test functions in the given unconstrained optimization.
Customary International Law as a Vessel for Global Accord: The Case of Customary Rules-of- the-Road for Governing the Orbital Highways of Earth
Authors: Frandsen Hjalte Osborn
Published: December 2022

In a time where the international community seems unable or unwilling to commit to binding instruments to solve global-governance issues, ranging from climate to cybercrime, increased reliance on customary norms presents a path forward. Using the case of space traffic, this author investigates if and how customary international law can emerge to govern complex transnational issues. The traditional approach to international custom is augmented with perspectives from the broader field of social science to accord for the influence of private actors and technological development on the formation of customary law.

Commercialization of the space sector has unleashed a tremendous proliferation of satellites in the orbits of Earth. Without globally aligned “rules of the road” for the orbital highways, the collective human space activities are on an unsustainable path towards congestion, competition, and rapidly increasing collision risk. In lieu of an elusive treaty solution, binding rules of the road for space may emerge through customary international law.
“Cortei o cabelo ou tive o cabelo cortado?”
Authors: Maciel Isabella Amarante , Ciríaco Larissa Santos , Santos Clarice Fernandes dos
Published: December 2022

O padrão oracional ilustrado por [cortei o cabelo] configura-se como a forma mais convencional em Português Brasileiro (PB) para se dizer que se foi ao salão cortar o cabelo com o cabeleireiro. Esse padrão pode ser entendido como uma construção de estrutura argumental de ação causada – uma forma transitiva [SN V SN] associada ao significado de uma atividade indiretamente causada, segundo Ciríaco (2014a) e Santos, Ciríaco e Souza (2019). Com base nos pressupostos teóricos da Linguística Baseada no Uso (BARLOW, KEMMER, 2000), da Linguística de Corpus (SARDINHA, 2004) e da Gramática de Construções de Goldberg (1995, 2006, 2019), e partindo da hipótese de Ciríaco (2014a), este trabalho teve como objetivos verificar, por meio de busca em corpus (Corpus Brasileiro – Sketch Engine) e em rede social (Twitter), se a construção de ação causada se restringe ao contexto funcional de prestação de serviços, e descrever os aspectos semânticos e pragmáticos associados à construção com base em dados de uso real. Como resultados, foi possível constatar essa restrição funcional e os verbos mais frequentemente usados na construção. A análise também permitiu observar que o significado da construção pode estar associado tanto à forma transitiva [SN V SN] quanto à forma competidora [SN V SN [com/em SN]], sendo a primeira preferencial, dado o contexto de prestação de serviços. Por fim, este estudo também mostrou como a construção pode ter seu significado alterado para atender a diferentes necessidades comunicativas dos falantes, a depender do contexto sócio-histórico, como o contexto pandêmico.
An example of use of gas turbine engine compressor, which has been mastered in production and has good characteristics in a new product project
Authors:   Branch of the Public Joint Stock Company «UEC-Saturn» — Omsk Engine Design Bureau, Grekhnev A. V.
Published: December 2022

The development of a new gas turbine engine requires a lot of time and money spent on the design and testing its compressor, which has been shown as the most complex and time-consuming assembly unit of the engine. This article examines the potential application of the industry-developed engine compressors in the designs of a new turbojet engine and a gas turbine compressor. The comparative analysis of the ideal cycles of an augmented turbojet engine and a turbojet engine with a high-temperature combustor is made. The advantage of the turbojet engine with a high-temperature combustor configuration over the augmented turbojet engine configuration is shown. The high rates of jet-pipe gas velocity make a turbojet engine with a high-temperature combustor suitable for supersonic cruise products.
Research of design of a small spacecraft with an electrothermal propulsion system
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Yachmenev P. S.
Published: December 2022

The paper presents the results of solving the multivariate problem of forming the design of a small spacecraft with various propulsion systems based on freons with electrothermal thrusters. As initial data, the required reserves of characteristic velocities for maintaining the active lifetime for circular orbits of 350-390 km for small spacecraft with different midsection areas are determined. Specific and dimensional-mass characteristics of propulsion systems of small spacecraft are determined using a set of basic design parameters of a small spacecraft obtained by random search. Ranked rows of alternative variants of small spacecraft have been formed as the complex total criterion decreases by the multicriteria method of prioritization for various principles of designing a small spacecraft with a propulsion system.
World health organization classification of bone tumors (fifth edition): What a radiologist needs to know?
Authors: Saran Sonal , Phulware Ravi Hari
Published: December 2022

Since 1967, the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumors is regarded as a reference standard and practical guide and provides a precious resource not only for the histopathologists and oncosurgeons but also for the radiologists involved in cancer care. Primary bone tumors are a rare and heterogeneous group of neoplasms that have a broad spectrum of morphological, biological, genetic, and radiological features. Appropriate imaging workup and accurate histopathological diagnosis are crucial for appropriate management and prognostication. The fourth edition of the WHO classification of tumors of soft tissue and bone was introduced in 2013. In the past 7 years, there have been considerable advances in the understanding of this large and diverse group of tumors. With technological advances and the introduction of new molecular and genetic data about some bone tumors, there has been reorganization in the classification and introduction of a few new entities. The new WHO classification of soft tissue and bone tumors introduced in 2020 (fifth edition) has made essential refinements in the classification and has also introduced many new entities. Newly identified genetic alterations and corresponding immunohistochemical markers are included in the new classification, and this has helped in the reclassification of the existing tumor entities. These novel genetic alterations not only help in prognostication but are a target for potential therapeutic options which can bring a paradigm shift in the chemotherapeutic regimen for these entities in the future. The sole basis for the classification of bone tumors is histopathological. Although radiologists are not expected to know about the exquisite pathological details of bone tumors, a broad knowledge of the recent updates, including the reclassification of a few entities or the introduction of some, is vital for narrowing the differentials in imaging. A multidisciplinary approach including an orthopedic oncologist, radiologist, pathologist, surgical, and medical oncologist is required for accurate diagnosis and management of primary bone tumors. We hereby present a simplified review for the radiologists comprising the relevant details of the updates in bone tumors along with a simplified diagnostic algorithm to characterize these lesions.
Juan de Sevilla, Pedro Atanasio Bocanegra, Mariana de la Cueva y el programa pictórico de la iglesia del hospital de la Caridad y Refugio de Granada
Authors: García Luque Manuel
Published: December 2022

Entre 1669 y 1672, la iglesia del hospital de la Caridad y Refugio de Granada fue decorada con un conjunto de diecisiete pinturas debidas a los dos pintores más destacados de la ciudad: Juan de Sevilla (1643-1695) y Pedro Atanasio Bocanegra (1638-1689), y a una dama de la nobleza aficionada a la pintura, Mariana de la Cueva (1623-1688). A pesar de la destrucción de este espacio y a la parcial desaparición del ciclo, el artículo reconstruye la historia de esta notable empresa pictórica, desvelando los asuntos de las pinturas, sus cronologías, el sentido iconográfico de la serie y la identidad de sus respectivos autores.
Polskie archiwalia jako źródło badań nad tekstem rosyjskim. Specyfika dawnych aktów ślubnych
Authors: Iacovou Anna
Published: December 2022

W artykule opracowaniu zostały poddane teksty aktów ślubnych zawarte w katolickich parafialnych księgach metrykalnych pochodzących z przełomu XIX/XX wieku z terenu współcześnie mieszczącego się w granicach miasta Łodzi. Celem opracowania jest zarówno zaprezentowanie przykładowych tekstów metryk ślubnych, z zachowaniem ich niezmienionej, oryginalnej postaci, jak i ich analiza od strony językowej. Dzięki zwróceniu uwagi na specyficzne cechy językowe dokumentów Autorka przekonuje o ich wartości naukowej i udowadnia osobliwy charakter języka rosyjskiego, ukształtowany pod wpływem polskim. Ponadto, w artykule wskazano na szablonową budowę dokumentów oraz zawartość treściową poszczególnych ich części.
New Insights into the Physiology of Iron Transport: An Interdisciplinary Approach
Authors: Zaugg Jonas , Pujol Giménez Jonai , Cabra Romina Silvia , Hofstetter Wilhelm , Hediger Matthias A. , Albrecht Christiane
Published: December 2022

The TransCure project entitled 'Iron Transporters DMT1 and FPN1' took an interdisciplinary approach combining structural biology, chemistry and physiology to gain new insights into iron transport. Proteins studied included Divalent Metal Transporter 1 (DMT1, SLC11A2), enabling the import of Fe2+ into the cytoplasm, and the iron efflux transporter Ferroportin (FPN1, SLC40A1). The physiology and pathophysiology, and the mechanisms underlying iron transport in the gut, across the placenta and in bone were investigated. Small molecule high-throughput screening was used to identify improved modulators of DMT1. The characterization of DMT1 inhibitors have provided first detailed insights into the pharmacology of a human iron transport protein. In placental physiology, the identification of the expressional and functional alterations and underlying mechanisms in trophoblast cells clarified the association between placental iron transport by DMT1/FPN1 and gestational diabetes mellitus. In bone, iron metabolism was found to differ between cells of the monocyte/ macrophage lineages, including osteoclasts. Osteoclast development and activity depended on exogenous iron, the expression of high levels of the transferrin receptor (TFR) and low levels of FPN1 suggesting the expression of an “iron storage” phenotype by these cells. The principles and main findings of the TransCure studies on transmembrane iron  transport physiology are summarized in this review.
Re-authorization of gelatin and collagen of ruminant origin in non-ruminant feed: a new analytical challenge for the control of the feed ban
Authors: Fumière Olivier , Zagon Jutta , Lecrenier Marie-Caroline
Published: December 2022

Description of the subject. A recent revision of the feed ban provisions authorizes the use of ruminant collagen and gelatin in feed for non-ruminant farmed animals. This authorization will promote the use of former foodstuffs (FFS) in poultry and pig feed. Objectives. The study aimed to investigate how these ruminant materials could impact the capacity to detect processed animal proteins (PAP) of ruminant origin in feed using the official PCR method and to evaluate the added value of a mass spectrometry protocol in development. Method. Presence of ruminant DNA in samples of collagen hydrolysate, gelatin and FFS collected from the industry was assessed using the official DNA extraction and PCR method. This allowed to evaluate the PCR inhibition properties of gelatin and collagen. The same samples were also submitted to a mass spectrometry-based proteomics (UHPLC-MS/MS) protocol targeting ruminant proteins, including collagen, to distinguish between ruminant by-products (unauthorized or authorized). Results. The results show the complementarity of PCR and UHPLC-MS/MS approaches in the context of the use of former foodstuffs in animal feed. Their combination has allowed to evidence that the presence of ruminant DNA in samples containing FFS was more linked to the presence of milk than to the presence of gelatin. On contrary, some samples have shown an increase of the cycle threshold value (Ct) that could correspond to an inhibitory effect due to gelatin addition. Conclusions. In the context of the circular economy, FFS is an interesting source of nutriment for animal feed. However, due to the presence of dairy ingredients, interference with official methods giving false suspicion of prohibited materials is to be expected. Furthermore, a masking effect of the presence of PAP due to a PCR inhibitory effect by FFS is also possible.
Using Chiral Auxiliaries to Mimic the Effect of Chiral Media on the Structure of Lanthanide(III) Complexes Common in Bioimaging and Diagnostic MRI
Authors: Nielsen Lea , Andersen Helene O B , Kenwright Alan , Sorensen Thomas just
Published: December 2022

[Ln·DOTA]- complexes, and systems derived therefrom, are commonly used in MRI and optical bioimaging. These lanthanide(III) complexes are chiral and, in solution, they are present in eight forms, two sets of four uncapped and four capped forms. Each set of four consist of two sets of enatiomers, with the ligand backbone in either a square antiprismatic, SAP, or twisted square antiprismatic geometry, TSAP. This complex speciation is found in laboratory samples. To investigate speciation in biological media, when Ln·DOTA-like complexes interact with chiral biomolecules, six Eu·DOTA-monoamide complexes were prepared and investigated using 1D and 2D 1H NMR. To emulate the chirality of biological media, the amide pendant arm was modified with one or two chiral centers. It was known that a chiral center on the DOTA scaffold significantly influences the properties of the system. Here, it was found that chirality much further away from the metal changes the available conformational space, and that both chiral centers and cis/trans isomerism are important, a fact that, for the optically pure materials, led to the conclusion that sixteen forms had to be considered, instead of the eight forms necessary for DOTA. The results reported here clearly demonstrate the diverse speciation that must be considered when correlating an observation to a structure of a lanthanide(III) complex.
Sequential dual-curing of electron-deficient olefins and alcohols relying on oxa-Michael addition and anionic polymerization
Authors: Fischer Susanne M. , Schallert Viktor , Uher Johanna M. , Slugovc Christian
Published: December 2022

Herein we propose the preparation of crosslinked polymers from off-stoichiometric oxa-Michael formulations proceeding via a self-limiting base catalyzed reaction between difunctional Michael acceptors and substoichiometric amounts of diols followed by anionic polymerization of the remaining vinyl groups. The properties of the resulting polymers can easily be tuned by varying the amount of diols.
Accessing 3D molecular diversity via benzylic C–H cross coupling
Authors: Chen Si-Jie , He Cyndi Qixin , Kong May , Wang Jun , Lin Shishi , Krska Shane W. , Stahl Shannon S.
Published: December 2022

Pharmaceutical and agrochemical discovery efforts rely on robust methods for chemical synthesis that rapidly access diverse molecules. Cross-coupling reactions are the most widely used synthetic methods, but these methods typically form bonds to C(sp2)-hybridized carbon atoms (e.g., amide coupling, biaryl coupling) and lead to a prevalence of "flat" molecular structures with suboptimal physicochemical and topological properties. Benzylic C(sp3)–H cross-coupling methods offer an appealing strategy to address this limitation by directly forming bonds to C(sp3)-hybridized carbon atoms, and emerging methods exhibit synthetic versatility that rivals conventional cross-coupling methods to access products with drug-like properties. Here, we use a virtual library of >350,000 benzylic ethers and ureas derived from benzylic C–H cross-coupling to test the widely held view that coupling at C(sp3)-hybridized carbon atoms affords products with improved three-dimensionality. The results show that the conformational rigidity of the benzylic scaffold strongly influences the product dimensionality. Products derived from flexible scaffolds often exhibit little or no improvement in three-dimensionality, unless they adopt higher energy conformations. This outcome introduces an important consideration when designing routes to topologically diverse molecular libraries. The concepts elaborated herein are validated experimentally through an informatics-guided synthesis of selected targets and the use of high-throughput experimentation to prepare a library of three-dimensional products that are broadly distributed across drug-like chemical space.
SOCIAL ENGINEERING: AN INTRODUCTION
Authors: Nanda Ipseeta , De Rajesh
Published: December 2022

The phrase “social engineering” can be used to describe a range of computer exploitation techniques used to trick users. It poses a serious risk to people, businesses, organizations, and governments. This essay discusses the idea of social engineering and its effects on society.
Ofirski ideał państwa. Kniaź Michaił Szczerbatow między eskapistyką a rzeczywistością równoległą
Authors: Kopczyński Mariusz
Published: December 2022

Przedmiot badań: Przedmiotem artykułu jest analiza pierwszej rosyjskojęzycznej utopii – Podróż do Ziemi Ofirskiej. Jej autorem był historyk i pisarz polityczny książę Michaił Szczerbatow (1733–1790).

Cel badawczy: Głównym celem jest znalezienie charakterystycznych cech tej utopii w kontekście odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy Szczerbatowa można traktować jako „typowego” konserwatystę swoich czasów.

Metoda badawcza: Artykuł oparty jest na krytycznej analizie pierwszego wydania Podróży do Ziemi Ofirskiej.

Wyniki: Na kluczowe pytanie autor udziela odpowiedzi odmownej, wskazując między innymi na fakt wolnomularskiej afiliacji Szczerbatowa i płynące stamtąd inspiracje.

Metoda badawcza: Artykuł oparty jest na krytycznej analizie pierwszego wydania Podróży do Ziemi Ofirskiej.

Wyniki: Na kluczowe pytanie autor udziela odpowiedzi odmownej, wskazując między innymi na fakt wolnomularskiej afiliacji Szczerbatowa i płynące stamtąd inspiracje.
The financial strategy of acquirers and M&A success in the automotive sector
Authors: Kucharski Adam , Marszałek Jakub
Published: December 2022

Background: The article investigates factors that contribute to the success of mergers and acquisitions (M&A). The problem of capital consolidation profitability is still not solved, and the research results so far are inconclusive or even contradictory. The article proposes an analysis of the financial situation of enterprises carrying out mergers or acquisitions before the transaction to define the conditions of their potential success.

Research purpose: The main objective of the article is to assess the relationship between the financial situation of an enterprise implementing an external growth strategy through capital consolidation and a successful merger or acquisition. We hypothesize that one of the factors responsible for a successful merger of enterprises is the entity’s possession of specific resources and the possibility of using them. It was proposed that the measuring potential of the acquiring company should be measured by its balance sheet structure, financial liquidity and profitability, which form the framework of the financial strategy.

Methods: The article compares the values of selected financial ratios of companies that carry out mergers or acquisitions in the automotive sector. Pre-transaction values were analyzed and related to the excess rate of return on the shares of the acquiring company after consolidation, which was used to assess the success or failure of the consolidation effect. The study used descriptive statistics, mainly the median and the Mann-Whitney test.1

Conclusions: The comparative analysis shows that consolidating companies were more likely to be unsuccessful if they followed a stable, balanced, and prudent financing policy. Companies with higher financial liquidity, better return on capital or operating activities, and more indebtedness achieved higher above-average rates of return after consolidation. The research results may indicate insufficient due diligence by companies in better financial standing. Those with more limited resources and financial possibilities choose expansion goals with greater care, which may result in better results after the consolidation.