bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nanotechnology and azo-dyes in sweets
Authors: Staudinger M. , Punz E. , Joubert I.A. , Himly M. , Geppert M.
Published: March 2020

Nanotechnology is a fast growing field and conseidere as a key-technology of the 21st century. Nanoparticles are not only used in high-tech products or medical devices but are also more and more incorporated in food producrs, for example in sweets. In addtion, for food-coloring, azo-dyes are frequetly used which makes an encounter of azo-dyes and nanoparticles unavidable, The aim of this work was the isolation and characterisaton of these dyes without including nanoparticles in a selected sweet product.
Species-specific artificial reef models for lobster (Homarus gammarus Linnaeus 1758)
Authors: Acarlı Deniz , Kale Semih
Published: March 2020

The objective of this study is to determine the possible artificial reef models preferred by lobster species (Homarus gammarus Linnaeus, 1758). For this purpose, eight artificial reef models at different shapes and sizes have been designed. These models include flat, grilled, U-type, cowl, fireplace chimney brick shapes made from the materials of wood, concrete and metal. Artificial reefs were deployed at 5, 10, 20 m water depths and 500 m from the shore on the coast of Erdek Ocaklar Bay in Marmara Sea. Then, monthly monitoring was conducted and SCUBA equipment were used during underwater monitoring. The time for deploying artificial reefs on the sea bottom (effort) was 233 minutes/diver and the time spent underwater by the divers was calculated as 540 minutes/diver. As a result of the study, 32 individuals of H. gammarus were observed in/around the artificial reefs. A significant increase was observed in the number of lobsters when the temperature dropped below 14°C. However, it was determined that lobster individuals preferred only concrete artificial reef models at the depth of 20 m. In addition, it was observed that small individuals preferred 40×80 cm flat concrete model (24 individuals) and large individuals preferred U-type concrete model (8 individuals). Therefore, it has been proposed to the usage of concrete artificial reef models in order to protect and ensure the sustainability of the reared lobster stocks and to release them into these artificial reefs while introducing them to the natural environments. In this context, this study will shed light on future studies.
Opioid withdrawal and its stabilization on sublingual buprenorphine in intravenous drug users: A South Gujarat Perspective
Authors: Nemlekar Saumitra , Mehta Ritambhara , Dave Kamlesh , Chaudhari Falguni
Published: March 2020

Aim of the study

Opioid Substitution Therapy involves replacing the client’s primary drug of use (opioid) with a medically safe drug or the same opioid in a safer mode of administration under medical supervision.

Subject or material and methods

It is a prospective follow up study observing opioid withdrawal and its stabilization on buprenorphine sublingual tablets. Patients who fulfilled the criteria for Opioid substitution therapy by NACO guidelines were enrolled and given buprenorphine sublingual tablets; (0.2mg and 2mg). They were followed up on 1st to 3rd, 7th, 14 and 28th day for assessment for withdrawal and its resolution on buprenorphine. The withdrawal was assessed using Clinical Opioid Withdrawal Scale (COWS). Duration of study was 2 years.

Results

Total 44 patients were enrolled. 37 IDU users completed the period of observation. They belonged to 19 to 52 years age group, the duration of use ranged from 2 – 32 years. patients’ had mild to moderate range of withdrawal. The mean score of COWS was 11.2 with a range of 5 – 24. Mean Buprenorphine dose requirement on 1st day was 6.19mg with range from 1.2 to 14 mg. Dose requirement at day 28 was in the range from 0.6 – 16mg.

Discussion

There are many guidelines with fixed dose that are higher. We found lower dose requirements.

Conclusions

This study is empirical information on the issue of a reference dosage for buprenorphine regimen in an Indian Study population. However further research on such lines is required to suggest guidelines for Indian Population
Controversial issues in current definitions of mental health
Authors: Cyranka Katarzyna
Published: March 2020

The concept of mental health is still widely discussed among philosophers and scientists. The emphasis on positive emotions and functional aspects of the World Health Organization definition, which describes mental health as: "A state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or her community”
has sometimes been called into question. This paper will focus on recently proposed mental health definitions, and in particular on mental health normative criteria involved in each of them. The criteria are divided in two broad categories: biomedical and cultural criteria.
Strengths and weaknesses of each definition are illustrated in order to highlight research needs likely to support further progress.
Persepsi Pasien tentang Kualitas Layanan Mempengaruhi Kepuasan Pasien Rawat Inap Kelas III Rumah Sakit
Authors: Sulistyaningsih Sulistyaningsih , Cahyani Fitnaningsih Endang , Zulala Nuli Nuryanti , Lestari Sri
Published: March 2020

Background: The higher quality of hospital services will cause customers to have a high level of satisfaction and behavior. The purpose of the study was to analyze the quality of hospital inpatient services. Method: The survey research method used cross-sectional design. The sample of this study was 172 third class inpatients in PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping Hospital determined by consecutive sampling. Results: The results of study showed that patients' perceptions about the quality of inpatient services were mostly good on all dimensions (58%), most patients feel satisfied (63%). Conclusion: Education is significantly related to patients' perceptions of the quality of the hospital inpatient services. The experience of patients being treated in hospital is significantly related to inpatient satisfaction. Patients' perceptions of the quality of hospital inpatient services are significantly related to patient satisfaction. The quality dimension that needs to be improved is empathy, while the best is reliability.
Faktor Sikap dan Perilaku yang Berhubungan dengan Malaria di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Banjarmangu I Banjarnegara
Authors: Siti Zulaikhah Thomas , Sahariyani Menik , H Prasetyo Bhakti , M David Akbar , Rani Mustika
Published: March 2020

Background: Malaria is an infectious disease caused by Plasmodium and transmitted to humans through the bite of infected female Anopheles. Characteristics of a person affecting the pattern of life that can contribute to the occurrence, attitudes and behaviors that is less attention to environmental  related to Anopheles population can contribute to the malaria. In Indonesia, malaria is found in almost all regions. Some provinces are still malaria endemic areas, both low, medium and high. The number of malaria-based illnesses in API in Central Java in 2014 was recorded at 0.05 per 1000 population, and indigenous cases were still found in 5 districts, namely Purworejo, Banjarnegara, Purbalingga, Banyumas and Kebumen. Banjarnegara is one of the district in Central Java which is an  endemic area of malaria, the patients as many  247, of that 102 patients in Puskesmas Banjarmangu I,  Banjarmangu. This study aims to related factors attitude and behavior to the malaria. Method: The research was observasional analytic with case control design. The sample  of 34 cases and 34 controls,  with simple random sampling. Attitudes and behaviors were examined using logistic regression. Results: The result of study showed that attitude (p = 0,015; OR = 3,656; 95% CI = 1,292-10,344) and behavior (p = 0,031; OR = 2,962; 95% CI = 1,104-7,942) were significance relationship with malaria. Conclusion: Attitude and behavior related to the malaria in working area of Banjarmangu I, Banjarnegara. The  dominant factors was attitude.
Royal recognition for colorectal cancer nursing
Authors: Taylor Claire
Published: March 2020

Claire Taylor, Macmillan Nurse Consultant at London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, talks to the editor about her MBE
Florence Nightingale's legacy: pie charts to comfort animals
Authors: Harrison Penny
Published: March 2020

Penny Harrison, Senior Lecturer in Adult Nursing at De Montfort University, Leicester, discusses Nightingale's enduring impact on nursing practice
Lower limb acute joint injuries: when to refer for X-ray?
Authors: Negus Oliver J , Dunn Andrew , Ridsdill-Smith William
Published: March 2020

This article summarises the clinical decision tools available to help decide when acute lower limb joint injuries should be referred for plain film radiography. The Ottawa foot and ankle rules are a tool for deciding whether to refer a patient for X-ray or not. The rules are highly sensitive, gaining National Institute for Health and Care Excellence recommendation in the UK, although they have limited benefit in some patient groups, such as those with peripheral neuropathy. The Ottawa knee rules are highly sensitive but less specific than the Pittsburgh decision rules. Although the Pittsburgh rules are more specific, they have been less extensively investigated and, unlike the Ottawa rules, are not National Institute for Health and Care Excellence recommended. A major barrier to use of these rules in clinical practice is the concern of litigation, although National Institute for Health and Care Excellence recommendation should reassure clinicians and thus reduce the amount of unnecessary radiation exposure.
Schlieren masks: square root monomials, sigmoidal functions, and off-axis Gaussians
Authors: Gómez-Sarabia Cristina M. , Ojeda-Castañeda Jorge
Published: March 2020

By using an effective transfer function, one can describe conveniently the nonlinear mapping between an input thin transparent structure and its image irradiance distribution. This effective transfer function is useful for making sound comparisons between several spatial filters employed for phase rendering. Here, we unveil three nonconventional Schlieren techniques, which employ absorption masks whose amplitude distributions are described by square root monomials, by sigmoidal functions, or by off-axis Gaussian functions. We apply the effective transfer function for analyzing the similarities between the proposed masks and other Schlieren techniques.
Vacuum transverse-field acceleration of an electron bunch
Authors: Lin H. , Liu C. P.
Published: March 2020

We propose a feasible novel scheme of efficiently accelerating an electron bunch through a targeted-designed transverse-field configuration that consists of a laser and a DC magnetic field. Its merit over well-known longitudinal-field acceleration is the independence of the acceleration quality on the initial phase of the accelerated charge relative to the accelerator. Such an initial phase is a probability factor that is difficult to control. Strict theory and numerical experiment demonstrate that under available not-too-high strength, such as

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, electronic energy gain in such a configuration can reach giga-electronvolt level over a time scale lasting 1600-fold laser cycles. The cost of achieving such an “accelerating ability” in the transverse field acceleration is far below that in the longitudinal-field acceleration. Other aspects of acceleration quality in such a transverse-field configuration also display the advantage of the configuration in achieving a compact, high-gain accelerator.
Entangled qutrits generated in four-wave mixing without post-selection
Authors: Shi Shuai , Dong Ming-Xin , Yu Yi-Chen , Ye Ying-Hao , Zhang Wei , Wang Kai , Guo Guang-Can , Ding Dong-Sheng , Shi Bao-Sen
Published: March 2020

High-dimensional entangled states and quantum repeaters are important elements in efficient long-range quantum communications. The high-dimensional property associated with the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of each photon improves the bandwidth of the quantum communication network. However, the generation of high-dimensional entangled states by the concentration method reduces the brightness of the entangled light source, making extensions to these higher dimensions difficult. To overcome this difficulty, we propose to generate entangled qutrits in the OAM space by loading the pump light with OAM. Compared with the concentration method, our experimental results show that the rate of generation of photon pairs improves significantly with an observed 5.5-fold increase. The increased generation rate provides the system with the ability to resist the noise and improve the fidelity of the state. The S value of the Clauser–Horne–Shimony–Holt inequality increases from 2.48 ± 0.07 to 2.69 ± 0.04 under the same background noise, and the fidelity of the reconstructed density matrix improves from 57.8 ± 0.14% to 70 ± 0.17%. These achievements exhibit the enormous advantages of high-dimensional entanglement generation.
Phenomenology of complex structured light in turbulent air
Authors: Gu Xuemei , Chen Lijun , Krenn Mario
Published: March 2020

The study of light propagation has been a cornerstone of progress in physics and technology. Recently, advances in control and shaping of light have created significant interest in the propagation of complex structures of light – particularly under realistic terrestrial conditions. While theoretical understanding of this research question has significantly grown over the last two decades, outdoor experiments with complex light structures are rare, and comparisons with theory have been nearly lacking. Such situations show a significant gap between theoretical models of atmospheric light behaviour and current experimental effort. Here, in an attempt to reduce this gap, we describe an interesting result of atmospheric models that are feasible for empirical observation. We analyze in detail light propagation in different spatial bases and present results of the theory that the influence of atmospheric turbulence is basis-dependent. Concretely, light propagating as eigenstate in one complete basis is more strongly influenced by atmosphere than light propagating in a different, complete basis. We obtain these results by exploiting a family of the continuously adjustable, complete basis of spatial modes—the Ince-Gauss modes. Our concrete numerical results will hopefully inspire experimental efforts and bring the theoretical and empirical study of complex light patterns in realistic scenarios closer together.
k-domain method for the fast calculation of electromagnetic fields propagating in graded-index media
Authors: Zhong Huiying , Zhang Site , Baladron-Zorita Olga , Shi Rui , Hellmann Christian , Wyrowski Frank
Published: March 2020

A conceptually straightforward method for the fast calculation of electromagnetic fields propagating in graded-index media is presented. More specifically, in this method, we convert Maxwell’s curl equations into the spatial-frequency domain to obtain an ordinary differential equation (ODE), and subsequently solve the ODE with the 4th-order Runge-Kutta method. Compared to the traditional beam propagation methods, this method deals with vectorial fields accurately, without physical approximations, like the scalar field approximation or the paraxial approximation; numerically, this method takes advantage of the fast Fourier transform and the convolution theorem to achieve an efficient calculation.
Few-optical-cycle pulse generation based on a non-linear fiber compressor pumped by a low-energy Yb:CALGO ultrafast laser
Authors: Marta Molteni Lisa , Pirzio Federico , Manzoni Cristian , Galzerano Gianluca , Laporta Paolo , Agnesi Antonio
Published: March 2020

Pulse compression in a short, normal dispersion photonic-crystal fiber is investigated with a Yb:CaGdAlO4 laser pumped by a low-power fiber-coupled single-mode diode that delivers 70-fs pulses at 1050 nm central wavelength, with 45-mW average power at 60 MHz repetition rate. A simple and power-efficient compressor based on a ∼15-cm long, low-cost commercial nonlinear fiber, with normal dispersion at the laser wavelength, produces pulses as short as 14.9 fs, corresponding to ∼4.25 optical cycles, with 29 mW average power after a prism-pair compressor in double pass configuration. Pulse quality was investigated with frequency resolved optical gating (FROG) analysis. Furthermore, a comparative analysis of noise properties of the oscillator, pump laser and compressed pulses has been performed.
Multiphoton laser-induced confined chemical changes in polymer films
Authors: Kallepalli Deepak L. N. , Godfrey Alan T. K. , Walia Jaspreet , Variola Fabio , Staudte André , Zhang Chunmei , Jakubek Zygmunt J. , Corkum P. B.
Published: March 2020

We report ultrafast-laser-induced photochemical, structural, and morphological changes in a polyimide film irradiated at the polymer-glass interface in back-incident geometry. Back-illumination creates locally hot material at the interface leading to a confined photochemical change at the interface and a morphological change through a blister formation. The laser-induced photochemical changes in polyimide resulted in new absorption and luminescence properties in the visible region. The laser-treated polyimide exhibited photoluminescence anisotropy resulting from formation of ordered polymer upon irradiation by linearly polarized ultrashort laser pulses. Confocal fluorescence microscopy resulted in similar observations to the bulk. Reflection-absorption infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy together indicated confinement of laser-induced chemical changes at the interface.
All-optical thermal control for second-harmonic generation in an integrated microcavity
Authors: Hu Xin-Xin , Wang Jia-Qi , Yang Yuan-Hao , Surya Joshua B. , Zhang Yan-Lei , Xu Xin-Biao , Li Ming , Dong Chun-Hua , Guo Guang-Can , Tang Hong X. , Zou Chang-Ling
Published: March 2020

Nonlinear optical effects in integrated microcavities have been studied extensively with the advantages of strong light-matter interaction, great scalability, and stability due to the small mode volume. However, the pump lasers stimulating nonlinear effects impose obstacles for practical applications, since the material absorption causes thermal resonance drift and instability. Here we experimentally demonstrate an all-optical control of the thermal behavior in optical microcavities for tunable doubly-resonant second-harmonic (SH) generation on an integrated photonic chip. Through an auxiliary control laser, the temperature of a selected microring can be efficiently changed, thus allowing precise frequency tuning of the doubly-resonant wavelength while eliminating the distortion of the lineshape induced by the thermo-optic effect. Although the phase-matching conditions will limit the tuning range of 55GHz, the technique is still potential to achieve a larger tuning range in combination with temperature regulation. Additionally, this approach has the advantage of quick reconfiguration, showing a fast modulation rate up to about 256 kHz. The theoretical model behind our experimental scheme is universal and applicable to other microcavity-enhanced nonlinear optical processes, and our work paves the way for controlling and utilizing the thermal effect in the applications of microcavities.
Pre-flight calibration of a multi-angle polarimetric satellite sensor directional polarimetric camera
Authors: Huang Chan , Xiang Guangfeng , Chang Yuyang , Han Lin , Zhang Miaomiao , Li Shuang , Tu Bihai , Meng Binghuan , Hong Jin
Published: March 2020

The directional polarimetric camera (DPC), developed by Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Science, is a satellite sensor used to observe the polarization and directionality of the earth’s reflectance. It acquires the two-dimensional image of the earth with a large field of view (118.74°) and a high spatial resolution (3.3 km) in 8 spectral bands. The first DPC was successfully launched onboard the GaoFen-5 satellite in May 2018, subject to the Chinese high-resolution earth observation program. In this paper, a set of systematic and complete pre-flight calibrations of the DPC are proposed to ensure the effective characterization for in-flight calibration, so as to ensure the accuracy of DPC measured radiation polarization data and the reliability of inversion results. Since the geometric calibration method of the DPC has been presented in an early companion paper [Appl. Opt. 59 226 (2020)], this paper will not introduce it in detail. Instead, the geometric calibration results of each spectral band together with a discussion on the origin of differences between spectral bands are analyzed, and the error analysis of the method is conducted. The results of the DPC geometric calibration is that the residuals of all spectral bands are less than 0.1 pixel. For radiometric calibration, the radiometric models of non-polarized bands and polarized bands are derived in detail, respectively, and the specific calibration methods with error analysis, equipment, and main results with their related accuracies for each parameter of the radiometric models are described. To verify the accuracy of calibration parameters, a series of polarization detection accuracy verification experiments based on a non-polarized radiation source, a polarizing system, and a natural scene were carried out. The experimental results show that the maximum deviation of degree of polarization between the set values of the polarizing system and measured values of the DPC at the corresponding positions of four field of view angles of 0, 15, 30, and 45 degrees of each polarized spectral band is 0.009, 0.004, and 0.003, respectively. The average error in measuring the degree of polarization of a non-polarized light source by all pixels in the three polarized bands is 0.0043, 0.0046, and 0.0037, respectively. And the relative deviations of each field of view are within 0.020 when the DPC and CE318N simultaneously measure the DoLP of sky. All of these prove the effectiveness of the pre-flight calibration.
Time-resolved laser scanning photothermal microscopy for characterization of thermal properties of semi-insulating GaAs
Authors: Dong Jingtao , Zhang Tengda , Yang Lei , Yan Peizheng , Zhang Yuzhong , Li Jingsong , Lei Zhang , Zhou Sheng
Published: March 2020

The strong coupling effect of thermal and plasma waves disturbs the accurate characterization of thermal properties of semiconductors under super bandgap energy photon excitation. We propose a time-resolved laser scanning photothermal microscopy to decouple the thermo-electronic effect for accurate determination of the thermal diffusivity of a semi-insulating GaAs sample. The distinct advantage of the decoupling principle relies on that the scanning excitation of a laser beam on the sample surface introduces different transient and steady-state characteristics into the thermal and electronic parts of the photothermal response, where the transients between the thermal and electronic parts have a large time-scale separation, and the steady states show an enhanced thermal effect over the electronic effect. Therefore, the plasma wave is simply responsible for a negligible constant background in the thermo-electronic coupling. The theoretical and experimental results confirmed that the time-resolved photothermal signal is insensitive to the electronic transport parameters varying even by several orders of magnitude and can be used to determine the thermal diffusivity from its best fit. Moreover, the scanning excitation nature of this method allows for high-efficiency photothermal imaging of the sample to identify the thermal defects.
High-performance and ultraflexible PEDOT/silver nanowires/graphene films for electrochromic applications
Authors: Peng Hongchao , Jiang Hao , Tu Shijian , Zhang Sihang , Ren Erhui , Yan Bin , Yang Qin , Chen Sheng
Published: March 2020

We fabricate a kind of flexible electrochromic (EC) film by spraying the mixed dispersion of silver nanowires (AgNWs) and poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) on the graphene (GR) electrode. AgNWs are embedded in the PEDOT nanoparticles, forming an interlaced conductive network and double electron transport channels; therefore, the disadvantages of poor conductive GR electrodes have been remedied effectively. The subsequent GR-based PEDOT/AgNWs composite films have revealed remarkable optical contrast (63%), high coloration efficiency (

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), and good cycle stability (keeping the optical contrast about 60% after switching cycles of 16,000 s). In addition, the GR-based composite films can keep good EC performance after 2000 cycles of bending tests, while those of the ITO/PET-based composite films decrease dramatically. The ultraflexible GR-based PEDOT/AgNWs composite films with excellent EC properties present an opportunity for fabricating large-area flexible EC devices.
High-order rogue waves excited from multi-Gaussian perturbations on a continuous wave
Authors: Gao Peng , Zhao Li-Chen , Yang Zhan-Ying , Li Xiao-Hui , Yang Wen-Li
Published: March 2020

Peregrine rogue wave excitation has applications in gaining high-intensity pulses, etc., and a high-order rogue wave exhibits higher intensity. An exact solution and collision between breathers are two existing ways to excite high-order ones. Here we numerically report a new, to the best of our knowledge, possible method, which is by multi-Gaussian perturbations on a continuous wave. The order and maximal intensity of rogue waves can be adjusted by the number of perturbations. The maximal intensity approaches 63.8 times that of the power of the initial background wave, and it retains a large value under the influence of fiber loss and noise. Our results provide guidance in gaining high-intensity pulses in experiment and understanding the universality of rogue wave generation.
High-field mid-infrared pulses derived from frequency domain optical parametric amplification
Authors: Leblanc A. , Dalla-Barba G. , Lassonde P. , Laramée A. , Schmidt B. E. , Cormier E. , Ibrahim H. , Légaré F.
Published: March 2020

We present a novel, to the best of our knowledge, approach for scaling the peak power of mid-infrared laser pulses with few-cycle duration and carrier-to-envelope phase stabilization. Using frequency domain optical parametric amplification (FOPA), selective amplification is performed on two spectral slices of broadband pulses centered at 1.8 µm wavelength. In addition to amplification, the Fourier plane is used for specific pulse shaping to control both the relative polarization and the phase/delay between the two spectral slices of the input pulses. At the output of the FOPA, intrapulse difference frequency generation provides carrier–envelope phase stabilized two-cycle pulses centered at 9.5 µm wavelength with 25.5 µJ pulse energy. The control of the carrier–envelope phase is demonstrated through the dependence of high-harmonic generation in solids. This architecture is perfectly adapted to be scaled in the future to high average and high peak powers using picosecond ytterbium laser technologies.
High-speed single-pixel imaging by frequency-time-division multiplexing
Authors: Kanno Hiroshi , Mikami Hideharu , Goda Keisuke
Published: March 2020

We propose and experimentally demonstrate high-speed single-pixel imaging by integrating frequency-division multiplexing and time-division multiplexing (techniques used widely in telecommunications) and applying the combined technique, namely, frequency-time-division multiplexing (FTDM), to optical imaging. Specifically, FTDM single-pixel imaging uses an array of broadband, spatially distributed, dual-frequency combs (i.e., spatial dual combs) for multidimensional illumination and detects an image-encoded time-domain signal with a single-pixel photodetector in a FTDM manner. As a proof-of-principle demonstration, we use the method to show ultrafast two-color (bright-field and fluorescence) single-pixel microscopy of breast cancer cells at a high frame rate of 32,000 fps and ultrafast image velocimetry of fluorescent particles flowing at a high speed of

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Dynamics of on-chip asymmetrically coupled semiconductor lasers
Authors: Lingnau Benjamin , Perrott Alison H. , Dernaika Mohamad , Caro Ludovic , Peters Frank H. , Kelleher Bryan
Published: March 2020

We investigate the dynamics of asymmetrically coupled semiconductor lasers on photonic integrated circuits in experiment and theory. The experimental observations are explained using a rate-equation model for coupled lasers incorporating a saturable coupling waveguide. We perform a bifurcation analysis of the coupled laser dynamics, focusing on the effects of the coupling phase and the dynamical difference between passive and saturable coupling waveguides. For a passive waveguide, we find a bifurcation scenario closely resembling the well-known optical injection setup, which is largely insensitive to the coupling phase. When the coupling waveguide is saturable, the dynamics become increasingly complex and unpredictable, with a strong phase-dependence. Our results show the possibility of a simple layout for reproducible laser dynamics on a chip.
Ireland, broadcasting and the spectrum wars
Authors: Murphy Kenneth
Published: March 2020

This article offers an overview and evaluation of Ireland’s changing media landscape through the prism of the recent policy contestation surrounding the future use of the UHF spectrum and its implications for the medium of television broadcasting. The article brings into focus current policy and governance developments and their interplay with market and technological change and how they are shaping a small open European state’s adaptation to the increasingly complex national/global hybrid media ecosystem. It examines the contexts surrounding the competition for spectrum resources and its implications for the role of free-to-air broadcasting and mobile broadband technologies in the future delivery of media and communication services. It takes a political economy and institutionalist perspective to evaluate the extent to which the evolution of the Irish institutional framework regarding broadcasting and broadband development and the allocation of spectrum frequencies is shaped by broader political economic and political/institutional dynamics and what this means for the remediation of broadcasting within the evolving digital media ecology.
Uma história para a História das bibliotecas da Universidade
Authors: Bernardes José Augusto Cardoso
Published: March 2020

Sabemos bem que as Bibliotecas nem sempre foram como são hoje. Têm a sua história, ligada a muitas variáveis de circunstância. Tratando-se de uma biblioteca universitária, essa história não pode, desde logo, dissociar-se das condicionantes que pesam na vida da própria universidade.
Conceito de obras nas FRBR, RDA e BIBFRAME
Authors: De Carvalho Maria De Fátima Moura
Published: March 2020

Pretendemos fazer uma apresentação da noção de obra nas FRBR (Functional Requirements of Bibliographic Records), RDA (Resource, Description and Acess) e BIBFRAME (Bibliographic Framework Transition Initiative). Este artigo tem como base a dissertação de mestrado apresentada à Faculdade de Letras da Universidade de Coimbra em fevereiro de 2019. Com o aparecimento das FRBR, o conceito de obra torna-se fundamental para mudar o foco no tratamento bibliográfico dos fundos documentais. A obra é a entidade de nível mais elevado e as expressões, manifestações e itens são tratados com relação hierárquica com esta obra. Apresentamos a evolução deste conceito ao longo da história da biblioteconomia. Segue-se a apresentação do aparecimento das FRBR, RDA e BIBFRAME e os conceitos de obra nestes documentos/projetos.
GOLF SWING VARIABILITY IN ELITE FEMALE JUNIOR GOLFERS
Authors: Gryc Tomáš , Marenčáková Jitka , Brožka Matěj , Zahálka František
Published: March 2020

The aim of the study was to determine the variability of golf swing execution in lower and upper body parameters for two golf clubs. Eleven elite female golfers of junior age volunteered in the study and performed 10 trials with mid-iron and with driver at laboratory conditions. A 3D motion capture system was used to measure the lower and upper body movement parameters and club head speed. To assess variability, the coefficient of variation (CV%) and biological coefficient of variation (BCV%) were calculated. Two-tailed t test was used to identify differences between mid-iron and driver variability for each selected kinematic parameter. Any significant difference in variability of kinematics parameters was found between mid-iron club and driver club. However, for both clubs, we found high stability of performance in timing parameters and of lower limbs kinematic parameters at three selected moments of the golf swing. We conclude that timing stability may be the key to achieve the effective and repeatable golf swing in both golf clubs types and that high intra-individual variability of performance may be due to large age range in the study group.
Topographic and Geomorphological Mapping and Analysis of the Chang'E-4 Landing Site on the Far Side of the Moon
Authors: Wu Bo , Li Fei , Hu Han , Zhao Yang , Wang Yiran , Xiao Peipei , Li Yuan , Liu Wai Chung , Chen Long , Ge Xuming , Yang Mei , Xu Yingqiao , Ye Qing , Wu Xueying , Zhang He
Published: March 2020

The Chinese lunar probe Chang'E-4 successfully landed in the Von Kármán crater on the far side of the Moon. This paper presents the topographic and geomorphological mapping and their joint analysis for selecting the Chang'E-4 landing site in the Von Kármán
crater. A digital topographic model (DTM) of the Von Kármán crater, with a spatial resolution of 30 m, was generated through the integrated processing of Chang'E-2 images (7 m/pixel) and Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO)
Laser Altimeter (LOLA) data. Slope maps were derived from the DTM. Terrain occlusions to both the Sun and the relay satellite were studied. Craters with diameters ≥ 70 m were detected to generate a crater density map. Rocks with diameters
≥ 2 m were also extracted to generate a rock abundance map using an LRO narrow angle camera (NAC) image mosaic. The joint topographic and geomorphological analysis identified three subregions for landing. One of them, recommended as
the highest-priority landing site, was the one in which Chang'E-4 eventually landed. After the successful landing of Chang'E-4, we immediately determined the precise location of the lander by the integrated processing of orbiter, descent and ground images. We also conducted a detailed analysis
around the landing location. The results revealed that the Chang'E-4 lander has excellent visibility to the Sun and relay satellite; the lander is on a slope of about 4.5° towards the southwest, and the rock abundance around the landing location is almost 0. The developed methods and results
can benefit future soft-landing missions to the Moon and other celestial bodies.
Distribuição espacial da erosividade das chuvas na bacia do rio Manuel Alves da Natividade, Tocantins
Authors: Silva Neto Virgílio Lourenço , Batista Elismar Dias , Leal Junior Wilmar Borges , Fabris Zanine Vargas , Rodrigues Pedro James Almeida Wolney
Published: March 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho foi calcular os valores de erosividade e realizar o mapeamento da erosividade mensal e anual das chuvas na Bacia do Rio Manuel Alves da Natividade, região sudeste do estado do Tocantins, com base no interpolador Krigagem ordinária (KO), a partir da avaliação de desempenho dos modelos esférico, exponencial e gaussiano, a partir de dados de precipitação referente ao período de 1983 a 2013. A geoestatística foi aplicada para o mapeamento da erosividade tanto na escala mensal quanto na anual. A erosividade anual apresentou valores entre 8.332 e 9.253 MJ mm ha-1 h-1 ano-1, com auge em dezembro, quando atingiu valores de até 2.170 MJ mm ha-1 h-1 ano-1 por mês. De maio a setembro, a erosividade apresentou valores inferiores ao crítico, tido como 500 MJ mm ha-1 h-1 ano-1 por mês. Foram identificadas três regiões críticas para ações de planejamento visando a conservação do solo e da água: noroeste, norte e central da bacia do rio Manuel Alves da Natividade.
Genetic aspects of the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus in children
Authors: Kuchinskaya E. M. , Suspitsyn E. N. , Kostik M. M.
Published: March 2020

The paper presents data on the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and depicts various molecular mechanisms for the development of SLE and lupus-like syndromes. It describes groups of diseases, such as apoptotic defects; NETosis; interferonopathies; complement deficiency; autotolerance disorders associated with mutations in the RAG1/RAG2 genes; hereditary metabolic diseases (prolidase deficiency, deficiency of adenosine deaminase 2; lysinuric protein intolerance; and α-mannosidase deficiency). The table summarizes clinical data on most of the known lupus-like syndromes and their molecular mechanisms.

The pathogenesis of many forms of monogenic lupus-like diseases is being studied. The main sign suggesting in favor of the possible monogenic disease in a patient with SLE is its onset in infancy, especially in males. Attention should be also paid to a compromised family history, including to the marriage between close relatives, the resistance of disease to standard therapy, as well as atypical symptoms.
Lobular panniculitis in rheumatic diseases: the authors’ own data
Authors: Egorova O. N. , Belov B. S. , Radenska-Lopovok S. G.
Published: March 2020

Objective: to study the clinical and laboratory features of lobular panniculitides (LPn) on a cohort of patients referred to the rheumatology center.

Patients and methods. The investigation enrolled 687 patients (613 women and 74 men; mean age, 39.7±11.3 and 41.2±12.5 years, respectively) with panniculitis (Pn) who had received outpatient and/or inpatient treatment for diagnosed erythema nodosum or panniculitis at the V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology in 2007–2017.

Results and discussion. By applying the diagnostic algorithm developed by the authors and the existing classification of Pn, the investigators diagnosed septal Pn in 430 (62.6%) patients and LPn in 249 (36.2%). The latter was associated with rheumatic diseases (RDs) in 97 (39%) patients. Most (70%) cases were patients with idiopathic LPn (ILPn), which, according to the 10th edition of the International Classification of Diseases, belongs to a group of systemic connective tissue disorders (M35.6), as well as those with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (11.45%), dermatomyositis (DM) (9.37%), and rheumatoid arthritis (7%). This group showed a preponderance of females (the ratio of males to females was 1:7) with the chronic course of the disease mainly in ILPn. The clinical picture corresponded to four types of LPn, which may be of diagnostic and prognostic value in RDs.

Conclusion. This investigation confirmed the relevance of studying LPn in RDs because of its negative impact on the course, severity and therapeutic efficiency of the underlying disease.
Zdravstvena nega pacienta, ki je samomorilno ogrožen
Authors: Vršnik Petra , Bregar Branko
Published: March 2020

Uvod: Vloga medicinske sestre je pri obravnavi samomorilno ogroženih pacientov ena izmed ključnih za preprečevanje pojavnosti samomora. Namen raziskave je bil pregledati literaturo s področja zdravstvene nege samomorilno ogroženih pacientov v Sloveniji in tujini.Metode: Izveden je bil pregled literature v podatkovnih bazah PubMed, CINAHL, Google Učenjak in Obzornik zdravstvene nege od marca 2018 do septembra 2018. Napredno iskanje je potekalo s pomočjo Bullovega logičnega operatorja AND (IN), s kombinacijo naslednjih ključih besed: »psychiatric nursing care«, »the role of nurses«, »nurse prevention suicide«, »suicidal patients« in »mental health nursing«. V slovenščini smo uporabili ključno besedo »samomor«. Izmed 2101 zadetkov je bilo v kvalitativno vsebinsko analizo vključenih 17 zadetkov oziroma člankov.Rezultati: Viri so razporejeni glede na identificirane kode v kategorijo »Vloga medicinske sestre in pomen zdravstvene nege«, ki se deli na štiri pripadajoče podkategorije: (1) »Dejavnosti oziroma aktivnosti medicinske sestre za preprečevanje samomorov«, (2) »Terapevtski odnos in komunikacija medicinske sestre s samomorilno ogroženim pacientom«, (3) »Problemi medicinske sestre pri obravnavi samomorilno ogroženega pacienta« in (4) »Ukrepi za izboljšanje obravnave in preprečevanje samomora«.Diskusija in zaključek: Medicinske sestre se lahko na vseh ravneh zdravstvenih dejavnosti srečujejo s posamezniki, ki imajo samomorilne misli. Z načinom obravnave in odziva na njihovo stisko lahko vplivajo na počutje posameznika. Za učinkovito delo morajo medicinske sestre pridobiti dodatna znanja s področja prepoznave, ocenjevanja in preprečevanja samomorov.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NEURODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS AND FUNCTIONAL PREPAREDNESS OF MUSCLES IN ATHLETES OF DIFFERENT SPORTS
Authors: Skotnikova L , Tarasova O , Koshko N
Published: March 2020

Aim. The article is aimed at studying the relationship between the neurodynamic characteristics of athletes of different sports and the indicators of physical fitness obtained during exercise tests. Materials and methods. The study involved male athletes aged 16–21 years, involved in swimming (20 people) and powerlifting (16 people), having sports ranks from the 2nd adult to a candidate for master of sports. The volume and concentration of attention, the speed of eye-hand coordination, the level of functional mobility, the strength of nervous processes, the response to a moving object and the tapping test were processed using an automated program. Indicators of aerobic and speed - strength fitness of the muscles of the lower extremities were determined by the cycle ergo meter tests. Results. Swimmers differed from power lifters by a smaller volume, but better concentration of attention, higher dynamism and strength of nervous processes, less pronounced excitement in the central nervous system, high rates of aerobic energy supply and a less pronounced correlation between the functional indicators and psychophysiological characteristics. In both groups, negative correlations of aerobic performance with the speed of visual motor responses and positive correlations with the balance of nervous processes were revealed. Speed-strength indicators are better for athletes with a high functional mobility, dynamism and strength of nervous processes. Conclusion. There is a correlation between the neurodynamic characteristics and indicators of functional fitness, which must be taken into account when interpreting the results of stress tests and developing individual recommendations based on the results of the examination.
DAILY PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND SEDENTARY (INACTIVE) BEHAVIOUR OF ADULTS FROM SURGUT
Authors: Loginov S
Published: March 2020

International Physical Activity Questionnaire is commonly applied today to obtain internationally comparable data on health-related physical activity (PA). Aim. The purpose of the article is to determine the level and structure of daily physical activity in a sample of permanent residents of Surgut using the international IPAQ questionnaire. Methods. In this study, the author have made the first attempt for the last 20 years to apply a Russian version of the IPAQ to obtain data on the habitual physical activity and sedentary behavior of the Surgut city population on a sample of 1552 people (717 men and 835 women aged 34.4 ± 12.6 years) dominated by intellectual workers. Results. On the whole, the PA reported by the subjects was classified as of low (40.7 %), moderate (36.3 %) and vigorous (23.0 %) intensity. Physical activity was reported to ave­rage 25 min/day at work (23; 26 Confidence Interval [CI]); 17 min/day for transport (16; 19 CI); 18 min/day at home (17, 19 CI); and 12 min/ day at discretional (leisure) time (11, 13 CI). Dispersion analysis showed the work time PA reported notably higher for men (F (1, 1550) = = 26.676, p = 0.0000) and the transport time PA higher for women (F (1, 1550) = 21.801, p = 0.0000). The leisure-time PA was found gender-unspecific: F (1, 1550) = 0.00191, p = 0.9652). The sampled women reported more time spent for the housework: F (1, 1550) = = 39.338, p = 0.0000. The sedentary behavior was found to average 405 ± 125 min/day (6.75 hours per day that is the lower limit of the health risk zone) irrespective of the gender: F (1, 1550) = 1.3332, p = 0.2484. The study identified a few groups of people reporting variable combinations of sedentary behavior with moderate to vigorous physical activity per week. Conclusion. The study found that special PA optimization programs are critically needed to effectively scale down the share of inactive and increase the share of reasonably active population, advance the leisure-time PA and minimize the sedentary habits.
EXPERIMENTAL APPLICATION OF HIPPOTHERAPY AGAINST PROBLEMS OF SENSOR INTEGRATION IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS
Authors: Ovsiannikov E , Koviazina G , Poperekov V , Buldakova N
Published: March 2020

Aim. The purpose of the article is to improve sensory integration, coordination and conditioning abilities in preschool children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) through hippotherapy classes. Material and methods. The pedagogical experiment was conducted on the premises of the Favorit equestrian club (Podolsk, Moscow Region) from September 2016 to September 2018. 10 preschool children with ASD participated in the experiment (experimental group). The following research methods were used: theoretical analysis and literature summary; pedagogical testing; summative and formative assessment; methods of mathematical statistics. Results. Analysis of changes in the indicators of the experimental group from the beginning to the end of the pedagogical experiment showed positive changes. The Romberg test indicators improved by 3.3 s, the results of the trunk stability test and trunk lift test improved by 6 and 5.03 s, respectively (p < 0.05). Assessment of sensory integration showed an improvement in tactile sensation by 14 points, in the vestibular apparatus by 12.63 points, the perception of visual information improved by 8.4 points (p < 0.05). Conclusion. The pedagogical experiment confirms the effectiveness of using hippotherapy for sensory integration dysfunctions in preschool children with autism spectrum disorders and improving coordination and conditioning abilities in children.
Writing Justice/Performing Injustice: Reflections on Research, Publicity, and the Birmingham Trojan Horse Affair
Authors: Holmwood John , Monks Helen , Woodhead Matt
Published: March 2020

This article discusses issues of public communication. It does so in terms of the ethics of verbatim theatre and public sociology. The issues raised are exemplified through the Birmingham Trojan Horse affair, which has been subject to extensive media reporting and public inquiries of various kinds as well as legal processes. In that sense, there have been various “courts of public opinion” where the affair has been “staged.” In this article, it is understood as an injustice visited upon a community of British Muslims and the teachers and governors responsible for their schools, an injustice that was largely a consequence of provocative media reporting and peremptory government action. The article addresses the role of verbatim theatre in staging the injustice for public reflection and the role of public sociology as a project of writing for justice.