bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Attention Mixer-Based Residual Network Assisted Design of Holographic Metasurface
Authors: Zhu Lei , Zhang Hongda , Dong Liang , Lv Zhengliang , Ding Xumin
Published: October 2024

Multi-channel holographic metasurfaces have great potential for applications in wireless communications and radar. However, geometric phase-based multichannel metasurface units often have complex phase spectra, making the design of holographic metasurfaces complex and time-consuming. To address this challenge, we propose a dynamic attention mixer-based residual network to streamline the optimization and design of a multi-channel holographic metasurface unit. We conduct validation using multi-channel metasurface units, with a training set mean squared error (MSE) of 0.003 and a validation set MSE of 0.4. Additionally, we calculate the mean absolute error (MAE) for the geometric parameters θ1 and θ2 of the backward-predicted metasurface units in the validation set, which are 0.2° and 0.6°, respectively. Compared to traditional networks, our method achieves robust learning outcomes without the need for extensive datasets and provides accurate results even in complex electromagnetic responses. It is believed that the method presented in this paper is also applicable to the design of other artificial materials or multifunctional metasurfaces.
Inverse Design of Reflectionless Thin-Film Multilayers with Optical Absorption Utilizing Tandem Neural Network
Authors: Swe Su Kalayar , Noh Heeso
Published: October 2024

The traditional approach to optical design faces limitations as photonic devices grow increasingly complex, requiring advanced functionalities. Recently, machine learning algorithms have gained significant interest for extracting structural designs from customized wavelength spectra, surpassing traditional simulation methods known for their time-consuming nature and resource-demanding computational requirements. This study focuses on the inverse design of a reflectionless multilayer thin-film structure across a specific wavelength region, utilizing a tandem neural network (TNN) approach. The method effectively addresses the non-uniqueness problem in training inverse neural networks. Data generation via the transfer matrix method (TMM) involves simulating the optical behavior of a multilayer structure comprising alternating thin films of silicon dioxide (SiO2) and silicon (Si). This innovative design considers both reflection and absorption properties to achieve near-zero reflection. We aimed to manipulate the structure’s reflectivity by implementing low-index and high-index layers along with Si absorption layers to attain specific optical properties. Our TNN demonstrated an MSE accuracy of less than 0.0005 and a maximum loss of 0.00781 for predicting the desired spectrum range, offering advanced capabilities for forecasting arbitrary spectra. This approach provides insights into designing multilayer thin-film structures with near-zero reflection and highlights the potential for controlling absorption materials to enhance optical performance.
An Improved Rotor Position and Speed Estimation Method for PMSM with Hall Sensors
Authors: Li Wei , Zhang Yang , Zhu Lixun
Published: October 2024

Hall sensors are commonly used to detect rotor position information in permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM). However, due to the low resolution of Hall sensors, the speed signal directly collected by the motor during rotation contains significant random errors and noise. Using this signal directly may increase the error and jitter in the rotor position estimation, thereby affecting the control performance of the system. This paper proposes a novel position estimation method that combines the Kalman filter and phase-locked loop (PLL) to precisely obtain the rotor position. In the proposed method, to suppress the noise and errors of the speed signal, the state and observation equations are established using the Kalman filter algorithm. Additionally, to enhance the precision of the rotor position estimation, the position obtained by integrating the speed from the Kalman filter is processed using the PLL algorithm, and the PLL algorithm parameters are dynamically corrected. To verify the feasibility and accuracy of the proposed speed and position estimation method, simulations and experiments are performed, respectively. By adopting the proposed method, the speed error is reduced by 30% to 50%, and the current harmonic component is reduced by about 48.7%, which effectively improves the accuracy of the rotor position estimation.
Phytochemical Extract from Syzygium cumini Leaf: Maximization of Compound Extraction, Chemical Characterization, Antidiabetic and Antibacterial Activity, and Cell Viability
Authors: da Rosa Ana , Hoscheid Jaqueline , Garcia Vitor , de Oliveira Santos Junior Oscar , da Silva Camila
Published: October 2024

This work aimed to obtain a phytochemical extract from jambolan leaf using a hydroethanolic solvent and ultrasound-assisted extraction. For this purpose, an experimental design was applied to analyze the effect of process variables related to temperature (30–60 °C), time (10–30 min), and solvent to leaf ratio (5–15 mL g−1), on the extraction mass yield (EMY) and on the yield of phenolic compounds (PCY). The effect of extractor solvent, AE (absolute ethanol), 75E (75% v·v−1 ethanol) and 50E (50% v·v−1), on the chemical characterization of the extracts, antidiabetic and antimicrobial activity, and cell viability, were also evaluated. The application of the highest values of process variables resulted in obtaining the maximum of the response variables (EMY = 9.94 wt% and PCY = 13.01 mg GAE g−1 leaf). A higher content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids was obtained with 50E, which is mainly composed of sinapic, vanillic, trans-caffeic, and quinic acids, which were responsible for the greatest antioxidant potential, antibacterial activity (against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), and inhibition of α-amylase. On the other hand, the use of AE allowed us to obtain extracts with higher concentrations of squalene, α-tocopherol, β-sitosterol, and friedelin. From cell viability tests, the extracts are not considered toxic at the concentration tested (100 µg mg−1).
The Calibrated Safety Constraints Optimal Power Flow for the Operation of Wind-Integrated Power Systems
Authors: Lu Kai-Hung , Qian Wenjun , Jiang Yuesong , Zhong Yi-Shun
Published: October 2024

As the penetration of renewable energy sources (RESs), particularly wind power, continues to rise, the uncertainty in power systems increases. This challenges traditional optimal power flow (OPF) methods. This paper proposes a Calibrated Safety Constraints Optimal Power Flow (CSCOPF) model that uses the Improved Acceleration Coefficient-Based Bee Swarm algorithm (IACBS) in combination with the equivalent current injection (ECI) model. The proposed method addresses key challenges in wind-integrated power systems by ensuring preventive safety scheduling and enabling effective power incident safety analysis (PISA). This improves system reliability and stability. This method incorporates mixed-integer programming, with continuous and discrete variables representing power outputs and control mechanisms. Detailed numerical simulations were conducted on the IEEE 30-bus test system, and the feasibility of the proposed method was further validated on the IEEE 118-bus test system. The results show that the IACBS algorithm outperforms the existing methods in both computational efficiency and robustness. It achieves lower generation costs and faster convergence times. Additionally, the CSCOPF model effectively prevents power grid disruptions during critical incidents, ensuring that wind farms remain operational within predefined safety limits, even in fault scenarios. These findings suggest that the CSCOPF model provides a reliable solution for optimizing power flow in renewable energy-integrated systems, significantly contributing to grid stability and operational safety.
On the Thorny Issue of Single Submission
Authors: Izunobi Josephat U.
Published: October 2024

This Opinion highlights varying viewpoints on the single-submission policy in scientific publishing, which has recently come under attack. The rule permits the sequential, rather than simultaneous, submission of a manuscript to more than one journal and dictates that an author(s) must wait for a response from one journal before resubmitting the same work to another for consideration. A corollary is that legitimising multiple submissions would create more problems than it could solve. This article is, therefore, in favour of maintaining the status quo.
A Hierarchical Machine Learning Method for Detection and Visualization of Network Intrusions from Big Data
Authors: Wu Jinrong , Nguyen Su , Kempitiya Thimal , Alahakoon Damminda
Published: October 2024

Machine learning is regarded as an effective approach in network intrusion detection, and has gained significant attention in recent studies. However, few intrusion detection methods have been successfully applied to detect anomalies in large-scale network traffic data, and low explainability of the complex algorithms has caused concerns about fairness and accountability. A further problem is that many intrusion detection systems need to work with distributed data sources in the cloud. In this paper, we propose an intrusion detection method based on distributed computing to learn the latent representations from large-scale network data with lower computation time while improving the intrusion detection accuracy. Our proposed classifier, based on a novel hierarchical algorithm combining adaptability and visualization ability from a self-structured unsupervised learning algorithm and achieving explainability from self-explainable supervised algorithms, is able to enhance the understanding of the model and data. The experimental results show that our proposed method is effective, efficient, and scalable in capturing the network traffic patterns and detecting detailed network intrusion information such as type of attack with high detection performance, and is an ideal method to be applied in cloud-computing environments.
Are Microfibers a Threat to Marine Invertebrates? A Sea Urchin Toxicity Assessment
Authors: dos Santos Jennifer Barbosa , Choueri Rodrigo Brasil , dos Santos Francisco Eduardo Melo , Santos Laís Adrielle de Oliveira , da Silva Letícia Fernanda , Nobre Caio Rodrigues , Cardoso Milton Alexandre , de Britto Mari Renata , Simões Fábio Ruiz , Delvalls Tomas Angel , Gusso-Choueri Paloma Kachel
Published: October 2024

The rise of “fast fashion” has driven up the production of low-cost, short-lived clothing, significantly increasing global textile fiber production and, consequently, exacerbating environmental pollution. This study investigated the ecotoxicological effects of different types of anthropogenic microfibers—cotton, polyester, and mixed fibers (50% cotton: 50% polyester)—on marine organisms, specifically sea urchin embryos. All tested fibers exhibited toxicity, with cotton fibers causing notable effects on embryonic development even at environmentally relevant concentrations. The research also simulated a scenario where microfibers were immersed in seawater for 30 days to assess changes in toxicity over time. The results showed that the toxicity of microfibers increased with both concentration and exposure duration, with polyester being the most toxic among the fibers tested. Although synthetic fibers have been the primary focus of previous research, this study highlights that natural fibers like cotton, which are often overlooked, can also be toxic due to the presence of harmful additives. These natural fibers, despite decomposing faster than synthetic ones, can persist in aquatic environments for extended periods. The findings underline the critical need for further research on both natural and synthetic microfibers to understand their environmental impact and potential threats to marine ecosystems and sea urchin populations.
Antiretroviral Therapy with Ritonavir-Boosted Atazanavir- and Lopinavir-Containing Regimens Correlates with Diminished HIV-1 Neutralization
Authors: Yuste Eloisa , Gil Horacio , Garcia Felipe , Sanchez-Merino Victor
Published: October 2024

Background/Objectives: The impact of virion maturation on neutralizing antibody responses in HIV treatment is not fully understood. This study examines whether antiretroviral regimens (ART) with boosted protease inhibitors (b-PI), which increase exposure to immature virions, affect neutralization capacity compared to Non-b-PI regimens. Methods: Neutralization activity was assessed in 45 HIV-infected individuals on b-PI regimens and 56 on Non-b-PI regimens, adjusting for factors like infection duration, ART initiation, and immune markers. Individuals on b-PI regimens had significantly lower neutralization scores [mean: 6.1, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 5.3–6.9] than those on Non-b-PI regimens (mean: 8.9, 95% CI: 8.0–9.9; p < 0.0001). This difference was not explained by infection duration or CD4+ counts. CD4+/CD8+ ratios were positively associated with neutralization, while b-PI use was negatively associated. A regression model indicated that b-PI use significantly predicted lower neutralization scores (beta = −0.30, p = 0.049). Conclusions: These findings suggest that exposure to immature virions via b-PI use reduces neutralizing antibody responses, highlighting the importance of virion maturation in antibody induction. ART regimens promoting exposure to mature virions may enhance neutralization, with potential implications for HIV vaccine design. Further research is needed to explore implications for HIV vaccine design, especially using virus-like particles.
Immunotherapeutic Strategies as Potential Treatment Options for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
Authors: Lafleur Andrea , Daffis Stephane , Mowbray Charles , Arana Byron
Published: October 2024

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), caused by protozoan parasites of the Leishmania genus, is prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions, with important morbidity, particularly in low- to middle-income countries. Current systemic treatments, including pentavalent antimonials and miltefosine, are associated with significant toxicity, reduced efficacy, and are frequently ineffective in cases of severe or chronic CL. Immunotherapies leverage the immune system to combat microbial infection and offer a promising adjunct or alternative approach to the current standard of care for CL. However, the heterogeneous clinical presentation of CL, which is dependent on parasite species and host immunity, may require informed clinical intervention with immunotherapies. This review explores the clinical and immunological characteristics of CL, emphasising the current landscape of immunotherapies in in vivo models and clinical studies. Such immune-based interventions aim to modulate immune responses against Leishmania, with additive therapeutic effects enabling the efficacy of lower drug doses and decreasing the associated toxicity. Understanding the mechanisms that underlie immunotherapy for CL provides critical insights into developing safer and more effective treatments for this neglected tropical disease. Identifying suitable therapeutic candidates and establishing their safety and efficacy are essential steps in this process. However, the feasibility and utility of these treatments in resource-limited settings must also be considered, taking into account factors such as cost of production, temperature stability, and overall patient access.
What COVID-19 Vaccination Strategy Should Be Implemented and Which Vaccines Should Be Used in the Post-Pandemic Era?
Authors: Plans-Rubió Pedro
Published: October 2024

COVID-19 vaccines have reduced the negative health and economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic by preventing severe disease, hospitalizations and deaths. In the new socio-economic normality, the COVID-19 vaccination strategy can be universal or high-risk and seasonal or not seasonal, and different vaccines can be used. The universal vaccination strategy can achieve greater health and herd immunity effects and is associated with greater costs than the high-risk vaccination strategy. In each country, the optimal COVID-19 vaccination strategy must be decided by considering the advantages and disadvantages and assessing the costs, health effects and cost-effectiveness of the universal and high-risk vaccination strategies. The universal vaccination strategy should be implemented when the objective of the vaccination program is to achieve the greatest health benefits from COVID-19 vaccination and when its incremental cost-effectiveness ratio is lower than EUR 30,000−50,000 per QALY or LYG. The use of adapted vaccines targeting currently circulating variants of SARS-CoV-2 is necessary to avoid the immune escape of emerging variants.
Pneumoconiosis (history of study, features of immunopathogenesis, diagnosis, prognosis)
Authors:   FSBEI HE Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Samara, Babanov S. A. , Lavrentieva N. E. ,   FSBEI HE Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Samara, Vasina I. N. ,   FSBEI HE Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Samara, Babanov A. S. ,   Private Institution Educational Organization of Higher Education «Medical University «Reaviz»", Samara
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the issue of pneumoconiosis, an occupational interstitial lung disease associated with exposure to industrial aerosols of various physicochemical structures and varying degrees of fibrogenicity (low-fibrogenic, moderately fibrogenic, highly fibrogenic, mixed). The history of the study of pneumoconiosis is described; modern classifications of pneumoconiosis are given; issues of pathogenesis, clinical picture, diagnosis, prevention, assessment of causal relationship between disease and occupation, examination of occupational aptitude, and medical and social examination are discussed.
Congenital heart defects with a single ventricle
Authors:   Republican Scientific Center of Cardiovascular Surgery, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, Davlatov J.A.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the description of congenital single ventricle heart defects and their surgical treatment. Various types of single ventricle defects are presented. Each variant of a univentricular heart is described in detail. The clinical picture in patients with a single ventricle heart is thoroughly examined. Options for surgical treatment of single ventricle heart defects are described. Possible immediate and remote results of surgical treatment of children with congenital single ventricle hear t defects are reflected.
Arterial disorders in patients with an additional cervical rib
Authors:   Sughd Regional Center of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery, Khujand, Republic of Tajikistan, Pulatov O. N.
Published: October 2024

The article examines the nature of arterial disorders in patients with an accessory cervical rib in order to improve the results of surgical treatment. From 2009 to 2015, we monitored 88 patients with an accessory cervical rib, including 74 (84.1%) women and 14 (15.9%) men. Arterial disorders were observed in 48 (54.5%) patients with an accessory cervical rib. Thromboembolism and subsequently ascending thrombosis in the proximal segments of the arteries were observed in 6 (6.8%) patients with the development of clinical signs of critical arm ischemia in the form of pre-gangrene. All patients (n=6) underwent emergency surgery involving simultaneous rib resection and thromboembolectomy from the subclavian, axillary, and brachial arteries. In one case, resection of the subclavian artery aneurysm was carried out to form an end-to-end anastomosis, and in 3 cases, after rib resection and thrombectomy, selective cervicothoracic sympathectomy was performed. In most cases, ischemia of the upper extremities regressed, and blood circulation was compensated. There were no amputations or deaths. In 33 (37.5%) patients out of 88, secondary Raynaud's syndrome was noted. Moreover, Raynaud's syndrome was noted on both sides in 24 patients with bilateral cervical rib. In rare cases, in 2 patients with a unilateral cervical rib, Raynaud's syndrome was noted on one side. The fact that in 7 patients with a unilateral cervical rib, the clinical manifestations of Raynaud's syndrome were on both sides remains inexplicable. Thus, the cause of thromboembolic complications in this group of patients is chronic trauma to the subclavian artery, which contributes to the development of organic changes with the formation of mural thrombi or the development of aneurysms, which become a source of peripheral embolism.
The impact of virtual laboratories on the interest and competence of vocational training students
Authors: Tsviakh Olha , Havrylenko Olha , Tumanova Yuliia , Shulha Tetiana , Hrebenyk Anton , Demchenko Iryna
Published: October 2024

This article explores the use of virtual laboratories to enhance student interest and professional competence in higher education. It discusses the didactic potential of virtual laboratories, their types, and their advantages in the educational context. The study emphasizes the innovative nature of virtual laboratory work and its contribution to skill development and scientific research. A questionnaire was conducted to assess the impact of virtual laboratories on students' knowledge and skills. The results demonstrate that virtual laboratories effectively increase motivation, foster professional skills, and promote student engagement in scientific work. The research concludes that integrating virtual laboratories into higher education curricula is crucial for preparing future professionals in an increasingly digital world.
What factors influence individual buyers' decisions to adopt electric vehicles (EV) in New Zealand, and to what extent do these factors contribute to the current state of EV uptake?
Authors:   , Jose Mundaplackal Rijo
Published: October 2024

Adoption of electric vehicles (EV) is crucial for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, achieving sustainable transportation and meeting the targets set by the Emission Reduction Plan by the Government of New Zealand. The research aims to investigate the extent to which determinants such as economic factors, technical factors, environmental factors, and political determinants affect EV uptake in New Zealand. An online survey conducted using Qualtrics is utilised in this research to understand the factors affecting EV adoption in New Zealand which include potential and current EV owners. A structured survey was developed and distributed to a diverse sample population through social media platforms and printed survey invitation posters, allowing them to provide their opinions, perspectives, and expectations about EVs. The survey collected data on participants' demographics, their awareness, and attitudes about EVs, perceived benefits and barriers, and their likelihood of purchasing an EV in the near future. The data derived was analysed using Microsoft Excel to draw meaningful conclusions about the factors influencing New Zealand consumers in EV adoption. Results from the analysis show that battery life warranty is the most important factor influencing consumer decisions. It indicates that long-term reliability is one of the biggest factors that can instill confidence in people's minds regarding EVs. The second most important factor is driving range, highlighting the need for EVs that can travel significant distances on a single charge. The initial purchase price ranks third, reflecting the importance of affordability in the adoption decision. Additionally, the availability of charging stations, resale value, and charging time also play significant roles in consumer decision-making. Finally, based on the results this research makes several recommendations that can aid managerial decisions in overcoming challenges adversely affecting EV uptake in New Zealand.
أثر عوامل الجذب والطرد لهجرة الكفاءات العلمية في تنمية رأس المال الفكري بالجامعات المصرية
Authors: الكرداوي مصطفى محمد
Published: October 2024

أٌجريت الدراسة على عينتين من أعضاء هيئة التدريس المصريين بكل من الجامعات الحكومية في مصر والمملكة العربية السعودية؛ الأولى قوامها ٣٨٤ مفردة من القائمين على رأس العمل؛ والثانية قوامها ٢٥٠ مفردة من المُعَارين بالجامعات السعودية، وقد بلغت نسبة الردود الصحيحة (٧٧.٠٨٪) بالنسبة للعينة الأولى؛ و(٧٠.٤٠٪) للعينة الثانية. واستهدفت الدراسة قياس أثر عوامل الجذب والطرد للمُعارين المصريين من أساتذة الجامعات في تنمية رأس المال الفكري بالجامعات المصرية. وباستخدام نموذج المعادلة البنائية في تحليل العلاقة بين متغيرات الدراسة اتضح أن عوامل الطرد من الجامعات المصرية كانت أكثر تأثيراً في هجرة الكفاءات العلمية مقارنة بعوامل الجذب من الجامعات السعودية؛ وأن رأس المال المتجدد كان من أكثر أنواع رأس المال الفكري تأثراً بهجرة الكفاءات العلمية للخارج، كما أثبتت نتائج التحليل الإحصائي وجود علاقات تأثير تبادلية بين الأنواع المختلفة من رأس المال الفكري؛ وأن رأس المال المتجدد يؤثر في باقي أنواع رأس المال الفكري؛ وأن رأس المال البشري يؤثر في كل من رأس المال الهيكلي والعلاقاتي، وأخيراً يؤثر رأس المال الهيكلي في رأس المال العلاقاتي. هذا وقد تباينت وجهات نظر أعضاء هيئة التدريس (المعارون - غير المعارين) بخصوص مستوى تأثير ظاهرة هجرة الكفاءات العلمية على تنمية رأس المال الفكري بالجامعات. وفي ضوء نتائج الدراسة اقترح الباحث مجموعة من التوصيات ووضع آليات لضمان تنفيذها.
Serious Games for Education and Training in the Humanitarian Sector: State of the Art
Authors: Mukherjee Pragya , Guardiola Emmanuel
Published: October 2024

Serious games and game-based learning have seen slow and stymied adoption in the humanitarian sector, despite their general efficacy as training tools. We looked at over 120 games released between 1990 and 2023 that dealt with topics relevant to the humanitarian sector such as disaster risk management, conflict mitigation, human rights and sustainability, and applied the following filters - serious games, games for education and training, and non-commercial games - to obtain a list of 89 serious games that were designed for awareness, education or training in the humanitarian sector. We then noted their accessibility and investigated the following information for each - year of release, developer, format, platforms, context, purpose, target audience, NGOs involved and related research papers - to understand the trends, challenges and future potential of games as a research and pedagogical tool in this field. Of particular interest to us was the subset of 31 training games aimed at professionals, policy makers and stakeholders. We noted concerning trends regarding the accessibility and longevity of games in this field, and tracked recurrent issues facing the development and dissemination of these games, such as the need for a trained facilitator, the difficulty of adapting the content to new settings, a lack of scientific frameworks to guide their design and a lack of long-term impact metrics. However qualitative surveys conducted by the game designers and some third-party researchers indicate that these games remain a valuable addition to traditional forms of education and training and help enliven a difficult topic through experiential learning. We thus propose that involving professional game designers, embracing digital formats, and investing in archiving and long-term impact studies will greatly benefit the development and accessibility of games for humanitarian education and training.
Virtual Simulation Games in Entrepreneurship Education: Status Quo and Prospects
Authors: Sziegat Hongmei
Published: October 2024

This study reviews the current status and future perspectives of virtual simulation games in entrepreneurship education in higher education institutions. Virtual simulation games act as digital twins to replicate real-world scenarios, which can be integrated as a part of online learning in entrepreneurship courses or digital learning resources in entrepreneurship education in higher education institutions. Virtual simulation games as digital tools for specific learning tasks or teaching methods engage students with virtual simulation learning experiences to generate improved student learning in immersive and interactive environments through the use of extended reality (XR) including virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR) in a virtual or blended learning environment. This study indicates the promising development of AI and XR applications in virtual simulation games in entrepreneurship education. It provokes discussions on the technological, pedagogical, and content design of virtual simulation games and their integration into hybrid and online models of entrepreneurship education, which has significant implications for the digital transformation and innovation of entrepreneurship education in higher education institutions. It draws attention to digital well-being and digital inclusion in virtual simulation game-based learning in entrepreneurship education in higher education institutions.
There’s More than One Way to Skin a Game: Templating Game-Based Learning
Authors: Morrell Edward , Kankainen Ville , Kultima Annakaisa , Kauppinen Tomi
Published: October 2024

This work in progress paper documents our experiences in academic game development as we shifted from custom-built game designs to a templating approach that could more economically adapt our games to meet the needs of different disciplines. We assess our previous games content and structure for its suitability to fit such an approach and start developing a framework for our future work within our specific constraints.
Exploring Mars: An Immersive Survival Game for Planetary Education
Authors: Alastair Howcroft  , Gail Hopkins
Published: October 2024

Designing educational games can be challenging as fostering academic engagement requires the learning outcomes to be encoded in the game mechanic. Many games that are intended to be educational do not successfully provide this integration and the resulting product can be boring, fail to deliver the learning outcomes, or present the user with periodic interruptions in flow. The aim of this work was to investigate how to design an engaging and effective educational game that teaches the player about planets and their environments. ‘Exploring Mars’ was designed and built to harbour a player’s intrinsic motivation to engage in enquiry-based learning through storytelling in a graphically rich environment with an Artificial Intelligence Non-Player Character (AI NPC). The aim of the NPC is to lead the player through a series of challenges, the solutions to which require them to investigate the planetary environment. In the game, the player assumes the role of an astronaut who has been inadvertently left behind on Mars by their crew following a severe dust storm. The objectives of the game are for the player to navigate the Martian terrain and discover and use essentials —oxygen, food, and energy sources— required for them to survive the Martian environment. The game environment was crafted using Unreal Engine 5 and provides an immersive, visually compelling representation of Mars which is rich in information content. Accompanying sound effects and audio dialogue with the NPC aims to further enhance engagement. The game was evaluated qualitatively through observations and interviews with adult players. Results confirmed that the game’s intrinsic gameplay mechanics and immersive environment were successful in imparting the game’s learning objectives. Areas for improvement were identified, but the game successfully demonstrates how enquiry-based learning can be fostered through a rich graphical environment that provides the setting for a compelling storyline, with learning scaffolded by AI. The success of the game suggests it could be extended to other planets and used by learners of different ages.
Enhancing Digital Game-Based Learning Through Reflective Game Design (RGD)
Authors: Anjuman Shaheen  , Panagiotis Fotaris
Published: October 2024

Reflective learning is an acknowledged and effective mode of acquiring knowledge in every domain. Ongoing studies indicate that digital games possess reflective characteristics that offer experiential learning, creating an immersive and secure environment for stealth learning. Such games empower learners to autonomously identify, explore, fail, and retry, fostering a dynamic learning process. The fundamental game elements such as user interface (UI), head-up displays (HUDs), maps, prompt messages, and social interactions inherently embody reflective attributes. This inherent reflective nature within digital games contributes to the development of critical thinking, problem-solving skills, and motivation, seamlessly aligning with the fundamental principles of reflective learning. This research investigates the incorporation of Reflective Game Design (RGD) within digital game-based learning (GBL) and assesses its impact on learning outcomes. The primary objective of the study was to comprehensively examine and quantify the educational influence of RGD in achieving learning objectives, enhancing the overall learning experience, and improving retention rates, in comparison to non-RGD game design. Therefore, two digital prototypes were developed as part of this study: one featuring explicit integration of reflective learning, referred to as RGD design, and the other without RGD design, termed non-RGD. In order to assess the learning, a study was conducted that revealed substantial positive results through a comparative analysis of two groups: the experimental group (N=69), engaging in digital game design with reflective learning, and the control group (N=69), with non-RGD design. The findings demonstrate that Reflective Game Design effectively infuses reflective learning recommendations into the game-based learning environment. The incorporation of RGD not only provides immediate feedback to students, fostering self-directed learning but also elevates the immersive nature of digital games, thereby facilitating deeper learning experiences. This study contributes to the effectiveness of the game design by offering the RGD framework and valuable insights for researchers, educators, and game designers aiming to create impactful educational games.
Новые подходы в диагностике и лечении герминогенных опухолей яичников детского и подросткового возраста
Authors: Полатова Д.Ш. , Шукуллаев А.Т. , Саитов Х.Х. , Хайитов Ф.Э. , Мадалиев А.А. , Солиев Е.Х.
Published: October 2024

Резюме Наше сообщение основано на результатах иммуногистохимического метода обследования 20 пациенток с герминогенными опухолями яичников I–IV стадий, диагностированных и пролеченных в отделениях детской онкологии и онкогинекологии национального онкологического научного центра и онкологического диспансера Министерства здравоохранения Республики Узбекистан с 2010 по 2023 г. Экспрессия мутации гена р53 и онкопротеина bcl-2 в неэпителиальных опухолях яичников у больных детей и подростков характеризуется высокими и низкими показателями, что позволяет использовать данное определение скорости для выявления актуальности прогноза патологии. В группе с высоким показателем mt p53 имело место агрессивное течение опухолевого процесса и в последующем у этих пациентов возникали ранние рецидивы и метастазы, что потребовало проведения повторной агрессивной химиотерапии.

Our message is based on immunohistochemical method results of 20 patients with germ- cell ovarian tumors I–IV stages, who were diagnosed and treated in children oncology and oncoginecology departments of National Oncologic Science Center and Oncologic Dispensary of Ministry of Public Health of Republic of Uzbekistan from 2010 till 2023. p 53 mutation gene and bcl-2 oncoprotein expression in non-epithelial ovarian tumors within the child and adolescent patients is characterized with high and low rates, which enables to use this rate determination for given pathology currency forecast identification. In the high-positive mt p53 rate group took place aggressive current of tumor process and in the sequel within these patients had early recurrence and metastases, which demanded recurrent aggressive chemotherapy undertaking.
Анемии различного генеза у пациентов с ревматологической патологией. Роль системы HIF
Authors: Гулак А.А. , Рукавицын О.А.
Published: October 2024

Анемия различного генеза является частым осложнением у пациентов с ревматологическими заболеваниями. Основные виды анемий у данной группы пациентов: анемия хронического заболевания, железодефицитная анемия, аутоиммунная гемолитическая анемия, миелотоксическая анемия на фоне приема иммуносупрессивных и цитостатических препаратов, мегалобластная анемия с дефицитом фолиевой кислоты и цианокобаламина. Наиболее распространенным видом анемии у данной группы пациентов является анемия хронического заболевания. Патогенез данной анемии связан с увеличением синтеза гепцидина под влиянием провоспалительных цитокинов, а также с функциональным перераспределением железа в организме и нарушением созревания эритроидных предшественников. Помимо этого, провоспалительные цитокины непосредственно повреждают клетки эритрона, а также снижают активность эритропоэтина и экспрессию его специфических рецепторов. Факторы HIF инициируют мобилизацию железа из макрофагов и энтероцитов для компенсации анемического состояния посредством регуляции экспрессии основных рецепторов (TfR, FPN-1, DMT-1, Dcytd), участвующих в метаболизме железа, а также активируют экспрессию гена ЭПО. Поэтому систему факторов HIF стоит рассматривать как мишень фармакологического воздействия в рамках новой, более эффективной противоанемической терапии у пациентов с ревматологическими заболеваниями.

Anemia of various origins is a common complication in patients with rheumatological diseases. The main types of anemia in this group of patients are; anemia of chronic diseases, iron deficiency anemia, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, myelotoxic anemia while on immunosuppressive and cytostatic drugs, megaloblastic anemia with folic acid and cyanocobalamin deficiency. The most common type of anemia in this group of patients is anemia of chronic diseases. The pathogenesis of anemia of chronic diseases is associated with an increase in the synthesis of hepcidin under the influence of pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well as functional redistribution of iron in the body and impaired maturation of erythroid precursors. In addition, pro-inflammatory cytokines directly damage erythron cells, and also reduce the activity of erythropoietin and the expression of its specific receptors. HIF factors compensate for the anemic state by regulating the expression of the main receptors (TfR, FPN-1, DMT-1, Dcytd) involved in iron metabolism and initiating the mobilization of iron from macrophages and enterocytes to activate the expression of the erythropoietin gene. Therefore, the HIF factor system should be considered as a target of pharmacological action in the framework of a new and more effective anti-anemic therapy for patients with rheumatological diseases.
The Influence of Talent Management Development, Recruitment, and Competence on Employee Performance Through Job Training
Authors: Himawan Muhammad Reza , Yulasmi Yulasmi , Yenni Zefri
Published: October 2024

This research focuses on the employee performance of the Sungai Penuh City Government. The study adopts a quantitative causality approach, using data collected through questionnaires. The analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression techniques with the SmartPLS program, and a saturated sample of 50 respondents was used for the study. The results indicate that talent management has a positive and significant effect on job training, and recruitment also shows a positive and significant impact on job training. However, competency does not significantly affect job training. Furthermore, talent management has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, while recruitment and competency do not significantly influence employee performance. Additionally, job training itself does not significantly impact employee performance. It is also concluded that job training does not mediate the relationship between talent management and employee performance. However, job training mediates the effects of recruitment and competency on employee performance.
The Effect of Coworker Support and Work Motivation on Employee Performance Through Job Satisfaction as an Mediating Variable
Authors: Pratama M. Emeraldo , Yulasmi Yulasmi , Lusiana Lusiana
Published: October 2024

Research with the title "The Effect of Colleague Support and Work Motivation on Employee Performance through Job Satisfaction as an Intervening Variable in Employees of the Population and Civil Registration Service of Sungai Banyak City". The object of this research is employees of the Population and Civil Registration Service of Sungai Banyak City. The type of research used used in this research is quantitative causality research, the data collection method is by distributing questionnaires. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis with the help of the smartPLS program. The sampling technique in this research used a saturated sample by analyzing 74 respondents.  Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that co-worker support has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. Work motivation has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. Colleague support has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Work motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Job satisfaction does not mediate the effect of coworker support on employee performance. Job satisfaction mediates the influence of work motivation on employee performance.
The Influence of Profitability, Solvency, Firm Size on Stock Prices With Dividend Policy as Intervening Variable In Manufacturing Companies Listed on The IDX
Authors: Putri Poppy Okta Fiana , Zefriyenni Zefriyenni , Lusiana Lusiana
Published: October 2024

The aim of this research is to discover influence of profitability, solvency and firm size have on share prices with dividend policy as an intervening variable in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) in 2019-2023. There are 218 manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesian stock exchange in 2019-2023. Meanwhile, the sample for this research consisted of 54 companies which were included in manufacturing companies and were selected using purposive sampling. The analysis method used is linear multiple regression data analysis, using computer assistance with the SPSS 23 software program. Based on the research results, it shows that there is a significant influence (0.777 > 0.05) on policy profitability. There is no significant effect of solvency (0.396 > 0.05) on dividend policy. Firm size does not have a significant effect (0.079 > 0.05) on dividend policy. There is a significant influence of profitability (0.000 < 0.05) on share prices. There is no significant effect on solvency (0.998 > 0.05) on share prices. There is a significant effect of firm size (0.000 < 0.05) on share prices. There is a dividend policy that has no significant effect (0.708 > 0.05) on share prices. There is a dividend policy that does not mediate profitability on share prices. There is a dividend policy that does not mediate Solvency on Share Prices. There is a dividend policy that does not mediate firm size on share prices.
Obtención de bacitracina por fermentación por cultivo en superficie y por cultivo con agitación
Authors:   , Siquiroff Miguel
Published: October 2024

Contenidos: I) Monografía Capítulo primero: Consideraciones generales sobre antibióticos Capítulo segundo: Ordenamiento cronológico de los antibióticos más importantes Capítulo tercero: Breves nociones sobre antibioticoterapia Capítulo cuarto: Bacitracina: su historia Capítulo quinto: Producción en laboratorio Capítulo sexto: Propiedades físicas y químicas de la bacitracina Capítulo séptimo: Ensayos de bacitracina Capítulo octavo: Usos y ventajas de la bacitracina Capítulo noveno: Esquema de una producción en escala industrial II) Parte experimental 1.- Fermentación por cultivo en superficie A) Germen productor B) Inoculación y puesta a punto del método C) Técnica de valoración del antibiótico D) Empleo de distintos medios de cultivo 2.- Fermentación por cultivo con agitación A) Condiciones generales B) Puesta a punto del método C) Empleo de distintos medios de cultivo D) Variación de la tensión superficial del medio en los cultivos con agitación E) Variación en el agregado de glucosa a los medios en los cultivos con agitación 3.- Métodos de obtención y análisis sumario de las sustancias utilizadas como fuente de nitrógeno proteico III) Resumen y conclusiones IV) Bibliografía
Production and marketing of rice (Oryza sativa) in the community - Tooli sector, Opala territory, Tshopo province. DR Congo
Authors: K Maliani , LB Mbula , LA Okungo , NJP Mukandama , KL Muanasaka
Published: October 2024

In order to shed light on the distribution of income from rice cultivation and its impact on the well-being of farmers in the Tooli sector, Opala territory, research was carried out by surveying farm households growing rice in the study area. The variables selected were: area sown; paddy production; quantity of paddy sold; income from paddy sales and allocation; poverty and social development variables, subsistence poverty and access to basic social services; geographical dynamics of access to water, energy, health and schooling; benefits from rice marketing; and housing structure. On average, clothing, manufactured and other goods account for 40%, health 24%, transport 6% and education 30% of the total family budget. The shares for clothing and education are much higher. The socio-economic benefits to farmers (rice growers) from the income generated by the sale of rice include: schooling for children, health care and the purchase of essential manufactured goods. In short, rice cultivation improves the living conditions of farmers.
Production and marketing of rice (Oryza sativa) in the community - Tooli sector, Opala territory, Tshopo province. DR Congo
Authors: K Maliani , LB Mbula , LA Okungo , KL Muanasaka
Published: October 2024

With a view to identifying the production and marketing of rice in the Tooli community-sector, Opala territory, Tshopo province, a study was carried out over the period from 2022 to 2023. The results were as follows: The Tukey Multiple Comparison of Means Test showed that the averages for areas sown to fields, rice production, quantities of paddy sold and revenue from paddy sales showed highly significant differences (p = 0.0000*** < 0.05). The socio-economic analysis showed that operators in the rice-growing sector in our study area are made up of natives (Mbole tribe) 90%, non-natives 6% and non-natives 4%. The low rice yields from the small areas planted show that rice growing is not booming in Opala. The structure of the rice market in our study area is oligopolistic, which proves that there is an imbalance between demand and supply, resulting in the enrichment of crooked intermediaries who are few in number and well informed about various market parameters. Key words: Production, marketing; Rice, community - Tooli sector.