bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Taking control of the trolls: Crisis and social media management strategies
Authors: Mendoza Victoria
Published: July 2024

Institutions of higher education often find themselves in the crosshairs of Internet trolls. As online bullying and misinformation continue to grow as societal issues, it can be challenging to decide on the best tactic for handling trolling. The problem of trolls intensifies, and the ability to act quickly is all the more critical in the middle of a campus-wide crisis. This piece showcases how to maintain a welcoming presence and manage community online while allowing respectful dialogue through guidelines, an understanding of how the law may or may not restrict speech, and the ability to adapt on a case-by-case basis. Strategies for identifying trolls, common tactics for managing their presence, and how crisis management plays a role are all examined.
Risk management and UK defined benefit pension provision: A perspective from financial sociology
Authors: Avrahampour Yally
Published: July 2024

This opinion piece draws on a tradition of sociological engagement with the fiscal and financial world to outline implications for risk management discipline. Risk management is considered through a sociological conception of economic agency. The emphasis is on the history of the management of defined benefit pension funds, reflecting empirical work conducted, but broader implications for financial institutions are also highlighted.
Outsourcing for fund managers: Demystifying the regulatory structure
Authors: Lewis Amanda , Radmore Emma
Published: July 2024

Where fund managers outsource critical functions and activities, two strands of law meet. Fund managers operate under an increasingly complex and ever-changing regulatory structure. Overarching principles of business apply to them, as well as complex and detailed rules on outsourcing. In this paper, the authors describe the regulatory structure that applies when fund managers look to outsource, and offer guidance on how they should choose their service providers and negotiate their outsourcing agreements.
A framework to analyse the sovereign credit risk exposure of financial institutions
Authors: Lewis Jide
Published: July 2024

Government and banking activities can be closely intertwined so that instability in one entity can spread contagiously to the other. This paper develops an integrative dynamic framework to evaluate the exposure of banks to sovereign credit risk using stress tests. The framework incorporates three main types of agents: banks, a government, and a rating agency where both the banking agent and the government agent can default on their financial obligations. Both banks and the government agent are subject to cognitive biases and use heuristics to make their decisions. The measures of macro-financial stability evaluated in the framework are the time-path of the external debt ratio, the probability of sovereign default, the fiscal balance and the bank's capital adequacy ratio. The framework is used to replicate the historical twin-crisis dynamics that ensues when stress tests are implemented on selected macro-financial variables, based on a perfect foresighting exercise for the case of Jamaica.
Beyond sales and awareness: Using marketing analytics for improved health engagement and outcomes
Authors: Fogarty David , Harrison Peter , Jing Lin , Yip Sam
Published: July 2024

Customer insights generated from marketing science show great promise in encouraging health engagement and improving health outcomes through intervention programmes. A health insurance case study introduces the effects of leveraging marketing analytics into preventative care, by building targeting segmentation to better understand the customers’ profi les as well as to design the optimal interaction and communication methods based on each segment’s preferences and characteristics. The fi ndings indicate that marketing analytics is relevant to a signifi cantly greater improvement in health engagement and outcomes when compared with a control group with non-specific interactions. Specifi cally, this interaction resulted in an increase in wellness visits from 23.3 to 66.4 per cent and a signifi cantly positive impact on the health status of the test group. The results provide further supporting evidence of the benefi ts of leveraging marketing analytics in health engagement.
Healthcare logistics in disaster planning and emergency management: A perspective
Authors: VanVactor Jerry D.
Published: July 2024

This paper discusses the role of healthcare supply chain management in disaster mitigation and management. While there is an abundance of literature examining emergency management and disaster preparedness efforts across an array of industries, little information has been directed specifically toward the emergency interface, interoperability and unconventional relationships among civilian institutions and the US Department of Defense (US DoD) or supply chain operations involved therein. To address this imbalance, this paper provides US DoD healthcare supply chain managers with concepts related to communicating and planning more effectively. It is worth remembering, however, that all disasters are local — under the auspice of tiered response involving federal agencies, the principal responsibility for responding to domestic disasters and emergencies rests with the lowest level of government equipped and able to deal with the incident effectively. As such, the findings are equally applicable to institutions outside the military. It also bears repeating that every crisis is unique: there is no such thing as a uniform response for every incident. The role of the US DoD in emergency preparedness and disaster planning is changing and will continue to do so as the need for roles in support of a larger effort also continues to change.
How to use content to grip your audience like a broadcaster
Authors: Hipwell Kath , Reeves Michael
Published: July 2024

Everybody in marketing is talking about content. However, not that many people are making it, and even fewer are doing it well. Why? This paper argues that it is because content is a completely different game and as yet, many marketers are unsure of the tactics. Marketers want to play but do not know how to. Many can see that content is increasingly essential. It allows brands to be ‘always on’ and ready for an on-demand audience, be that through social media platforms like Facebook and Twitter, apps for smartphones, or their own ever-richer websites. It can help to attract and engage an audience in ways that interruptive communication just cannot. But if a company is going to be always on, what content should it be on with? What is going to populate these channels? When and for how long? These are challenges dealt with annually and daily by media brands and broadcasters. This paper looks deep into the world of broadcast to identify lessons that non-broadcast brands can use to create gripping content of their own.
The principle of least disruptive online course design: Balancing innovation, pedagogy and student learning
Authors: Garner Brad , Snyder Tiffany
Published: July 2024

Amid the highly competitive world of higher education, colleges and universities continue to search for bright shiny objects that can be leveraged to set themselves apart from the pack and attract and enroll new students. Most recently, this quest has focused on the use of digital technology. That can be interpreted as both good news and bad news. The good news is realised when colleges and universities discover new ways to enhance retention and graduation rates. It becomes bad news, however, when the glitz and glamour of a new digital tool are perceived as more critical than impacts on student learning. The Principle of Least Disruptive Online Course Design provides a template for faculty and course designers as they plan to use new technology in online courses. The inclusion of new and different technologies in course design, although well-intentioned, can adversely affect student learning if not accompanied by opportunities and resources that: 1) validate the appropriateness of digital tools and their purpose; 2) promote faculty-use competency; 3) promote student-use competency; 4) provide guided application; and 5) allot ample time and resources for learning and engagement.
Computer misuse in the workplace
Authors: Herath H. M. P. S. , Wijayanayake W. M. J. I.
Published: July 2024

Many information security specialists believe that promoting good end-user behaviour and restricting inappropriate end-user behaviour are vital for effective information security. Because of the importance of security-related end-user behaviour, it is important to have a systematic viewpoint on the different kinds of benefits for managers, auditors, information technologists and others with an interest in assessing and/or influencing end-user behaviour.
Diversity, equity and inclusion principles for custom taxonomies
Authors: Mizota Sharon
Published: July 2024

This paper discusses the common challenges and considerations associated with the development of custom taxonomies for describing people along the lines of race, gender, sexual orientation, nationality and other identity facets. The paper recognises that there are inherent and divisive problems in reducing complex human identities to discrete categories, and that terminology is always changing. Nevertheless, in the absence of a public vocabulary that addresses all facets of identity in a respectful and accurate way, custom taxonomies remain necessary. This paper explores the strengths and weaknesses of existing vocabularies, supporting this analysis with real-world examples, including a discussion of the LGBTQ+ vocabulary, Homosaurus and alternative terminology sources. The paper then proposes a flexible process for researching and developing custom taxonomies that draws on the strengths of existing vocabularies, knowledge of one’s content and users, professional best practice literature, journalistic style guides, and first-person consultations. The paper argues that custom identity taxonomies are a way of showing respect for the people represented in one’s digital asset management system and the people who use it. Thus, bringing the values of diversity, equity and inclusion into one’s metadata are a small way of expressing and fostering a community of care.
Identified priorities for smart urban regeneration: Focus group findings from the city of Port Louis, Mauritius
Authors: Allam Zaheer
Published: July 2024

Although the Government of Mauritius has launched a ‘smart city’ initiative in Mauritius, there has been no effort to improve existing cities. The emergence of new cities supported by strong governmental fiscal incentives are leading to an environment of increasing urban competition with existing cities. The capital city of Port Louis is being challenged to attract and retain business. The fiscal incentives pose an unfair competitive business advantage for commercial operations in new smart cities. Coupled with governmental policies to relocate administrative functions away from the capital, this economic environment supports the slow urban decay of Port Louis. This study showcases the findings from a focus group discussion, aimed at finding recommendations for ‘smarting’ the existing city of Port Louis, while identifying and supporting avenues for urban regeneration. Thirty-one participants from public, private and foreign institutions in the fields of urban planning, urban governance and policy were invited to participate in this study and the findings reveal six emergent priorities that need to be coupled with fiscal incentives for regenerating the urban fabric of Port Louis.
DiStress: A distributional approach to bank solvency simulations
Authors: Kerry Will
Published: July 2024

This paper proposes an approach to bank stress testing — called DiStress (Distributional Stress simulation) — that can run a large number of bank solvency simulations and produce distributions of bank failures. The method is not intended to replace stress tests, but could be used alongside these tests or in the multilateral surveillance of many countries simultaneously. Results from the DiStress method suggest that there is a risk that traditional stress tests could miss the full extent of potential problems in the banking system.
Perceived status enhancement, brand involvement and brand loyalty
Authors: Piong Chee
Published: July 2024

A sample of 170 Starbucks brewed coffee customers from four Starbucks coffeehouses in South Florida were administered a survey to determine their perceptions of Starbucks brewed coffee as status-enhancing as well as their attitudinal and behavioural brand loyalty and their brand involvement. Reliability and factor analyses confirmed the internal reliability and unitary structure of the multi-item constructs. Linear regressions revealed that customers’ perceptions of the branded product as status-enhancing were positively associated with their brand involvement (R = 0.174, p = 0.023) and their attitudinal brand loyalty (R = 0.214, p = 0.005), but not with their behavioural brand loyalty (R = 0.091, p = 0.240). These results add to the theory of status consumption and may aid companies in deciding whether to use status enhancement as a marketing strategy for their brands and products.
An overwhelming amount of data: Applying chaos theory to find patterns within big data
Authors: Gross Ted
Published: July 2024

This paper introduces basic concepts of chaos theory into the world of big data and real-time big data analysis. It concentrates on demonstrating how chaos theory can be applied to analysing big data, what elements must be present, and what the possible outcomes can be. Although chaos theory contains a few set rules, the paper concentrates on the meaning and importance of the butterfly effect in finding patterns and trends within big data analysis. It should be noted that, although many aspects of the application of chaos theory to big data analytics are largely theoretical or in the infancy of deployment, almost all big data analysing systems active today make use of the essential components contained within chaos theory.
Serial-iously?: Using a narrative podcast as a shared learning experience to facilitate engagement and critical thinking
Authors: Smydra Rachel V.
Published: July 2024

The transition to online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic cast a spotlight on online courses and their lack of high-impact practices that encourage active learning. One high-impact practice that can facilitate active learning in an online course is a shared experience. Providing mutual access to a common course resource in an online course generates opportunities for students to not only engage with each other and the content but also to develop their critical thinking skills. Narrative podcasts work well to fill this role because they are story-driven and call on listeners to use their imagination and sensory and perceptual skills to process and visualise information. Therefore, as a digital learning tool, a podcast can support course design principles that promote engagement and skill development, since this strategy lends itself to creating a collaborative space where students create knowledge through engagement and reflection. Although literature exists on the value of using lecture podcasts or student-generated podcasts, little scholarship investigates using a narrative podcast as a shared experience. Employing a constructivist lens, this qualitative study examined student perceptions in an asynchronous online English undergraduate critical writing course about their experiences. Findings suggested that using a narrative podcast as a shared learning experience enhanced levels of engagement and fostered better efficacy in critical thinking. Therefore, this study adds to the knowledge base about narrative podcasts as pedagogical tools to create a high-impact practice in an online course.
Telia and Veolia: A case study of shifting from supplier to strategic partner
Authors: Vitasek Kate , Kuchler Magnus , Warchalowski Robin , Linnarsson Erik
Published: July 2024

This paper is part 3 in a series on how corporate real estate (CRE) organisations can leverage collaborative approaches during the competitive bidding process. (Part 1 was featured in Corporate Real Estate Journal Volume 9, Issue 3 and part 2 was featured in Corporate Real Estate Journal Volume 9 Issue 4). The purpose of this paper is to expand upon the concept of the ‘request for partner’ (RFPartner) process introduced in the first paper by doing a deep dive into how the Swedish telecommunication company, Telia, managed to transform its business procurement processes.1 The paper explores why Telia decided to use a more collaborative RFPartner process and how they deployed the concept for selecting a CRE partner that ultimately managed a broad range of technical services across 16,000 technical sites.
Achieving position 0: Optimising your content to rank in Google’s answer box
Authors: Wakefield Courtney Cox
Published: July 2024

In response to an ever-growing expectation of instant gratification among users, Google began using ‘answer boxes’ in its search engine results pages (SERPs) as early as 2013. Today, Google includes these features in nearly half of the SERPs for some types of queries. More prominently placed and conspicuously designed, answer boxes (also known as featured snippets, position 0 or the instant answer) frequently steal clicks from the result in position one. Additionally, these instant answers are also used for voice search results on devices like Amazon Echo and Google Home. Reliant on organic traffic, content marketers must adapt their content to perform well in Google’s answer box to stay relevant. This paper provides a four-pillar strategy for dominating Google’s position 0 through audience research, competitor research, content optimisation and technical optimisation. Included are actionable steps to identify the customer’s greatest needs, leverage Google’s powerful machine learning and take advantage of competitor weaknesses to increase answer box appearance. In addition, readers will learn the challenges of measurement with the answer box and voice search, which may lead to decreased traffic while increasing influence and return on investment.
Quantifying volunteer impact: Challenges and recommendations
Authors: Mckee Elizabeth
Published: July 2024

This paper explores research conducted by a fellow for the Council of Alumni Association Executives (CAAE) and discovers the obstacles, barriers and potential pathways for quantifying volunteer engagement. It shows how initial assumptions were disproven, identifies issues with data confidence and the limitations that current databases pose for professionals tracking volunteer metrics. It concludes with recommendations for where to start with quantifying volunteer engagement and further research.
How the COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the adoption of technology for due diligence
Authors: Jarvinen Zachary
Published: July 2024

COVID-19 has undoubtedly left a mark on every aspect of communication, which includes risk communication with businesses and financial institutions. As the world finds a new normal, the analysis of risk and due diligence processes has transformed, paving the way towards a technologydriven approach. This paper delves into the implications of COVID-19 on the bank network community and how it has accelerated the adoption of due diligence technology.
Choose wisely: Identifying the right technology to improve logistics operations
Authors: Yaw Hunter
Published: July 2024

There is ample demand for technology in supply chain management and rapidly growing supply of tools aiming to improve the industry. And yet, connecting the two in a way which truly adds value is far from straightforward. This paper aims to guide logistics professionals open to innovation driven by technology but eager to avoid common pitfalls. With the help of case studies and examples from the author’s own recent experience, it elucidates several guiding principles to help more intelligently identify the right areas to apply new technology and the right tools to use. By asking the right questions, logistics professionals can take advantage of a booming supply chain technology ecosystem without putting their existing operations and customers at risk of the unpleasant side of disruption.
Uncertainty on the Line of Junction
Authors: Cornish Stephen
Published: July 2024

The esoteric term ‘Line of Junction’, in Section 1 of the Party Wall etc. Act 1996 (‘the Act’) has been the subject of much debate between party wall surveyors and lawyers.1 The first half of this paper considers two topics in the context of a building owner proposing to construct a wall entirely on his/her own land: first, the use of the phrase ‘Line of Junction’; and second, what qualifies as building on the Line of Junction? Building a wall entirely on the land of the building owner, albeit up to the Line of Junction, would appear less problematic than constructing a new wall astride the boundary line. Indeed, the second part of this paper will describe the benefits to both the building owner and the adjoining owner in the service of an appropriate notice under the Act to facilitate this; some potential difficulties are also identified. The drafting of Section 1 has produced a self-contradictory concept of a wall which is built on the boundary, and yet at the same time is placed wholly on the land of one owner. To make sense of the concept, it is necessary to consider the definition of terms used in sub-section 1(1); this paper will show that seeking the definition of terms used in the Act is not that simple. There is also some confusion concerning footings or foundations excavated on the boundary line: should they be considered as part of the wall built at the Line of Junction and is there an automatic right to place them on the land of the adjoining owner?
Development and implementation of a business continuity management risk index
Authors: Kadar Michael
Published: July 2024

This paper introduces the concept of a business continuity management (BCM) risk index — a comprehensive metric that measures and reports the status of the primary ‘intended outcome’ of the BCM programme to top management. In addition to measuring the primary programme output, the BCM risk index can be used to demonstrate the overall value of the BCM programme to executive management. This is accomplished because the BCM risk index allows quantitative measurement of current risk levels and their comparison with established risk tolerances. The BCM Risk Index can provide executive management with reports on the risk level of individual business units, departments, subsidiaries or the enterprise in a way that drives both risk management and BCM initiatives. The name ‘risk index’ can be misleading, however. The BCM risk index concept can also be used to measure preparedness levels. In fact, implementation at DTE Energy has resulted in calling it the ‘preparedness index’, which is used to measure and report preparedness levels rather than risk levels. This paper will present the building blocks for developing and implementing the BCM risk index; whether it is used as a comprehensive metric for risk or preparedness.
Artificial intelligence (AI) from a regulator’s perspective: The future of AI in central banking and financial services
Authors: Lopez-Corleone Melvin , Begum Sholthana , Sixuan Li Gracie
Published: July 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) is unlocking enormous opportunities. For central banks, AI has the potential to enhance regulatory efficiency and improve the data basis for monetary policy decisions. Machine learning (ML) can provide comprehensive, instant, granular information to complement existing macroeconomic indicators as well as having the capability to analyse big data efficiently, which can facilitate monetary policy decisions. As countries and companies conduct AI research and deploy the technology to the public, several financial authorities have recently begun developing frameworks, outlining their expectations on AI governance and use by financial institutions. This paper illustrates the current advancements in ML techniques and highlights the future trends in the adoption of AI by central banks and companies in financial services. It looks at the use of cloud computing and ML by companies and regulators to develop cost-efficient automation tools that better understand user needs, and presents how this will likely enable companies to adapt to rising trends in customer expectation in the future. The paper also explores the growing use of AI in anti-money laundering (AML) procedures, blockchain technology, and the development of Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDC).
A glimpse into the future: How smart buildings are changing corporate real estate
Authors: Probst Dan
Published: July 2024

Smart-building technologies are having a growing impact on corporate real estate. As workplace strategies and the built environment change, corporate real estate executives must understand the benefits and cost impact of smart-building solutions. This paper will arm corporate real estate executives with examples, strategies and tactics that they can put into practice to yield beneficial results in their real estate portfolios.
Risk management lessons learned from the financial crisis: One CRO's view
Authors: Wilson Thomas C.
Published: July 2024

This paper traces the development of risk management practices at large financial services firms before, during and after the financial crisis of 2008 and the 2012 European sovereign debt crisis. It begins by outlining how enterprise risk management provides the foundation for crisis management, leveraging quantitative and qualitative tools such as top risk assessment (TRA) and own risk and solvency assessment (ORSA). While adequate for ‘normal’ times, these practices need to be enhanced during times of crisis. In the second section, the paper discusses improvements in two specific areas: first, improving scenario and impact analysis and, secondly, achieving higher management impact through direct and contingent actions. The final section looks forward, asking critically how risk management and especially risk culture need to be developed in anticipation of future crises.
Brazilian airport privatisation in a booming economy
Authors: Frank Johann , Krpata Marie
Published: July 2024

Brazil is taking off, carrying on her wings entire parts of the economy including the aviation sector. What are the reasons for this takeoff? How big will it be? How long will it last? What obstacles will it encounter on its path? Since the first decade of the 21st century, the so-called BRICS countries have emerged to such an extent as to challenge the developed economies; infrastructure is expanding, populations are exploding, and consumption and investments are reaching vertiginous heights. Just as it is all over the world, in Brazil the aeroplane is becoming increasingly popular among social strata that previously could not afford it. Despite these developments, Brazilian airports are already struggling to adapt to this growing demand. This tendency will be even more pronounced in the coming years. Politicians have become aware of this and have decided to act and to invest in the enhancement of Brazil's aviation infrastructure, increasingly having recourse to privatisations. This paper explores the advantages and disadvantages of such privatisations to foreign investors.
Banking system stress testing and COVID-19: A first summary appraisal
Authors: Henry Jérôme
Published: July 2024

This paper dicusses the special banking system stress tests which central banks for the USA, the UK and the euro area published shortly after the outbreak of COVID-19. Based on the limited quantitative information available on a comparable basis, this paper discusses how the results seem broadly consistent across institutions as well as with previously conducted exercises, once accounting for the respective differences in scenario severity. The paper also discusses how central banks identified specific design features characterising these COVID-19 exercises, employing the typology put forward in the Bank for International Settlements’ (BIS) Financial Stability Institute (FSI) insights #12 — considering three building blocks: governance, implementation and outcomes. In particular, these special exercises set a new, more demanding benchmark for scenario adversity. Top-down modelling was also used to a larger extent to deal with uncertainty via alternative scenarios and to assess the impact of policies. Moreover, only aggregate results were published, with limited information on the results across banks. Finally, the connection with supervisory decisions appeared loose at most. The latter two features are not expected to remain in subsequent regular supervisory system-wide exercises. At the same time, the granularity of information collected, the banks in scope or the treatment of spillovers and feedbacks largely remained in line with standard supervisory stress-testing practices. This admittedly came short of what could be needed to get a more complete assessment of the impact of this specific crisis, from both a microprudential or macroprudential perspective. In particular, sector-specific information was sparse and banks’ credit deleveraging explored only for the UK. Looking ahead, it appeared that stress-testing models can represent a valuable forecasting and monitoring tool, especially when baseline conditions are adverse enough and uncertainty prevails. The review also suggests that bottom-up and top-down system-wide supervisory stress-test results could coexist, thereby giving further concrete relevance to recent proposals on the future of European Union area-wide stress tests.
Managing the COVID-19 pandemic: Preliminary evidence from global banks
Authors: Agnese Paolo , Capuano Paolo , Romolini Alberto
Published: July 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic represents the most complex test for financial institutions since the global crisis of 2007. During this period, the boards of financial institutions, especially banks, had to make strategic decisions quickly, to address the effects of this crisis efficiently and effectively. Boards had to make the right decisions to withstand the shocks caused by the pandemic. The role of the board (or supervisory board) in managing banks has been under scrutiny by academic researchers and professionals during the current pandemic crisis. Since the outbreak of covid-19, boards have faced many tough decisions. Boards promptly facilitated the introduction of a number of COVID-19 response policies, including the establishment of specific teams to prevent and control the effects of the pandemic, to support the community, and to the protect and support employees and clients. The objective of this paper is to understand the role of boards of global banks during the COVID-19 pandemic, in particular to determine which were the most effective policy decisions and to outline the related underlying trends. The results of this research may allow the identification of best practices for the management of financial institutions, and provide a useful reflection for the various stakeholders, including regulatory and supervisory authorities.
Successful strategies for saving energy and water : The Better Buildings partnership continues to spur collaboration and innovation
Authors: Vargas Maria T.
Published: July 2024

In 2015, the US Department of Energy (DOE) published a paper entitled ‘What leading organisations are doing today to drive greater efficiency, and why it matters for tomorrow’ in this journal.1 Since that time, Better Buildings has grown considerably, both in the scaling of its partnerships, adding a number of corporate and other partners, and with its activities, designed to help partners overcome persistent barriers to energy and water efficiency. Through this work, DOE and its partners have generated hundreds of proven energy and water efficiency solutions.2 Sharing these solutions is the primary goal of this public–private partnership and each solution is easily searchable by topic, building type, sector, technology, location and barrier. Ideas are also shared in-person, through an annual event held in Washington DC called the Better Buildings Summit. In May 2017, more than 1,000 industry leaders and national experts came together at the latest summit to learn ‘what’s possible and new’ in world-class energy saving strategies, and to discover ‘what’s next’ in highimpact technologies.
Measuring business continuity programmes in large organisations
Authors: Green Christopher
Published: July 2024

In the field of business continuity management, organisations commit sums of money (often very large sums) to develop and maintain their continuity capability. Despite this, there is almost no measurement of whether this expense offers value for money, or whether it is targeted in the right areas. This paper will explain some methods of measuring components of a business continuity programme. The important outputs from this measurement activity are to demonstrate that an organisation’s continuity capability is improving over time, and to identify areas of weakness that should be targeted during future work.
Party wall issues on basement projects
Authors: Magrill Paul
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the party wall issues that might arise on basement construction projects, specifically in large, period, high-value London properties. The paper will focus on the rights and obligations of the building owner and the building owner's surveyor, but mention will also be made of the adjoining owner and their surveyor as these roles are inextricably linked.
Digital asset management at 3M
Authors: Demarco John A.
Published: July 2024

3M is a diverse and complex company, hence the journey to digital asset management (DAM) within the company as a system and as business process is a constant work in progress. The combination of technology, change management, business process and policies and guidelines drives the company forward in this endeavour. 3M’s journey into DAM began in 1997. The company has implemented three generations of DAM over the past 18 years. The conceptual model of ‘e’ at 3M is highly dependent on the connection of DAM to its product information management system. Because of the complexity of 3M as a company, and because it has so many subsidiaries around the world using its DAM solution, 3M has many interesting requirements that must be fulfilled. As can be imagined, 3M has a diverse user base, product categories and business units. This necessitates that the team take the time to understand those needs, as well as look after the needs of the larger corporation as the DAM system is implemented and as any improvements or requirements for future upgrades are gathered and eventually the system is upgraded.
Do we really need another dollar, euro, pound or yuan? How to create the right ecosystem for a successful central bank digital currency
Authors: Salmony Dr Michael
Published: July 2024

This paper discusses how to translate regulators’ policy needs to align with the needs of other stakeholders in the payments ecosystem. While most of the recent activity (papers, pilots, etc) in the field of central bank digital currency (CBDC) has focused on the potential advantages for central banks and on the technology (ledgers, platforms, etc), a more appropriate starting point is to identify what problems CBDC is intended to solve, especially for the affected stakeholders. At the end of the evaluation, focus on technological solutions should commence only once business and policy goals have been identified. After a quick summary of the motivations for central banks, regulators, governments and policymakers, the paper examines the motivations for the other key stakeholders in the ecosystem — an aspect that has to date been insufficiently examined. The paper then comments on the challenges associated with driving consumer adoption of CBDC, before discussing the microeconomic disincentives for CBDC adoption among commercial banks, alongside the macroeconomic necessity. The paper concludes with some thoughts on how to balance the conflicting interest of the many stakeholders and the lessons one can learn from other large-scale payment initiatives.
Active threat response: Building a resilient community
Authors: Kepp Jason J.
Published: July 2024

Within the USA, seldom does a 24-hour news cycle pass without reports of an active threat scenario. Over time, these acts of violence have become more simplistic and rudimentary. No longer are firearms necessarily the weapon of choice: a knife or a vehicle can be used with devastating results. As today’s threats evolve beyond shooters, how should one prepare for them? Is the best advice still to run, hide, fight? This paper examines the evolution of the threats from active assailants and how when carrying out attacks, simple is sometimes better. The paper will also look at the standard approach taken to train civilians to respond to an active shooter and how that training needs to adapt to the current threat environment. Situational awareness is addressed to increase consciousness and decrease mortality associated with these events, and recommendations are offered for training programmes. The paper also describes the approach taken by the US Department of Homeland Security’s Federal Protective Service in protecting stakeholders and visitors to over 9,000 government facilities. The procedures and processes outlined in this paper can be utilised to optimise training efforts by law enforcement agencies and emergency managers.
Assessing the impact of mobile wallet services from a central bank perspective
Authors: Plooij Mirjam , Van Driel Kirsten
Published: July 2024

De Nederlandsche Bank (DNB) has developed a framework for assessing the impact of innovations on the functioning of the payment system. This framework is used to determine whether action needs to be taken to mitigate risks or remove barriers for the successful introduction of innovative products. Application of this framework to mobile wallets shows a number of issues that deserve further attention from both authorities and market participants, including security and privacy, standardisation and legal ambiguities.
Best practices in creating a vulnerability assessment programme: Measure twice and cut once, avoiding costly mistakes
Authors: Cowen Christopher
Published: July 2024

This paper has two goals. The first is to help define the Dark Web and how it fits into the larger World Wide Web (WWW); secondly, to understand the Dark Web’s dangers and how to avoid the landmines contained therein. This paper utilises open source material to break down the three parts to the WWW: Surface Web, Deep Web and Dark Web. The paper views all three areas as distinctly important within our modern society, with the caveat that due caution needs to be exercised before exploring the second two areas of the Deep Web and the Dark Web. It’s important for security researchers to have a good understanding of these areas in order to protect organisations, as well as themselves, from potential cyber exploitation.
Step by step: A playbook for AI innovation within commercial real estate organisations
Authors: Mcgrath Patrick , Morrison David , Johnson Jess , Schuham Sara
Published: July 2024

Commercial real estate (CRE) lease agreements contain a treasure trove of untapped insights into one of the world’s largest asset classes. With commercial leases being the legal instrument for executing and documenting the terms and conditions of hundreds of billions of dollars of CRE transactions each year, the aggregate data housed in these agreements has the potential to inform valuable insights across the world’s largest real estate markets. Leases traditionally exist, however, only as paper copies or electronic PDFs, requiring large investments of time and human capital to read, understand, harvest and structure the data from their pages. CRE companies are in a unique position to leverage artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) techniques to crack the code on these leases and unlock significant value through digital insights across the marketplace. Pioneering companies will need to surmount several obstacles that have long deterred CRE organisations from embracing these automated workflows. The sheer complexity and variety of the documents’ formats, structure and terms, the disaggregation of these documents among market participants, and the general disorganisation of the participants’ systems for storing them are all serious challenges. Meanwhile, the investment of time and resources necessary to train an algorithm sophisticated enough to navigate these challenges is a significant ask. This paper provides a playbook of best practices for surmounting these obstacles and achieving successful integration of ML–AI techniques in the CRE industry, enabling internal efficiencies and new avenues of value creation. The paper analyses a case where a CRE service provider was able to get buy-in from stakeholders by defining a project roadmap focused on upskilling pre-existing human capital investments, ultimately creating a business case to leverage ML–AI techniques to enhance data structuring workflows. The results of this project showed that the real value derived from these technologies did not come from the outputs or cost savings alone. The test project created a competitive advantage for the company by pairing the technology with a skilled team. The team brought a ‘product mindset’ focused not only on learning and developing the technology, but on continually finding new and better ways to use the technology to create a valuable service offering for occupier clients.
Capacity planning in marketing
Authors: Pearson Andrew
Published: July 2024

Capacity management is the process of optimising production in line with fluctuating demand for products and services in order to reduce wasted capacity. Simply put, it aims to make optimal use of essential resources while minimising the use of nonessential resources. To this end, the key is to balance the right number of users and the right performance at peak usage to ensure a great end-user experience. This paper explores a capacity planning solution that can predict upcoming costs with advanced predictive analytics and forward-thinking what-if scenario modelling that can produce a healthy return on investment as well as help companies go green.
Gains: An R package for gains tables and lift charts
Authors: Rolling Craig A.
Published: July 2024

Gains tables and lift charts are commonly used in direct marketing analytics to evaluate the performance of a predictive model on a target sample. A gains table shows how the average (and cumulative average) response values in the sample change with the scores from the predictive model. These numbers can be used to estimate and maximise a model’s effectiveness for direct marketing campaigns. This paper introduces the R package known as ‘gains’: a free, publicly available tool to construct gains tables and lift charts. Instructions for installing and loading the package in R software are provided, and the package’s use is illustrated using real data from an apparel retailer’s e-mail marketing campaign. The use of gains tables raises important questions for model selection, and the paper concludes by discussing future research in this area.
Data science in economy and finance: A central bank perspective
Authors: Araujo Douglas , Bruno Giuseppe , Marcucci Juri , Schmidt Rafael , Tissot Bruno
Published: July 2024

Data science is fundamentally different from traditional data analysis, as it typically applies to large, complex and/or unstructured information sets. The role of data scientists, hence, lies at the intersection of three areas. The first is IT: central banks are increasingly aware that a modern technological architecture is crucial to reliably and securely deal with data. The second relates to the use of mathematical and statistical techniques to deal with the raw data at hand. This paper analyses how many different approaches can help support central banks’ operations, especially in the monetary policy and micro- and macroprudential areas, as well tasks related to the functioning of the payment system, financial inclusion, consumer protection and anti-money laundering. It presents how, in addition, the use of the new techniques could transform the whole production chain of official statistics, making it potentially more efficient, resilient and user-friendly. The third key area is to ensure close cooperation between data specialists and subject-matter experts involved in data science projects. Analysing statistics calls for an awareness of the way they have been compiled as well as of the complex factors that drive them — which are essential elements for transforming data into knowledge and taking informed policy decisions.
The art of the digital proposal: Bring your fundraising cases to life
Authors: Manning David , Shough Noelle
Published: July 2024

Today’s donors are savvy, innovative and dynamic — and the fundraising proposals gift officers submit to them should be the same. Readers will learn how to go beyond the standard Word document by creating digital fundraising proposals that are as exciting and creative as their students, faculty and institution. Interactive maps, clickable charts and animated and photographic elements will bring proposals to life, truly impress donors and potentially increase fundraising. In this paper, fundraising professionals will get tips to consider which donors will gravitate to which proposal formats — Word documents, designed pieces and PowerPoint presentations (PPTs) or interactive webpages. They will learn the interactive and visual elements that make a digital proposal compelling and explore some tips and tricks to crafting lively digital proposals without deep web coding skills. And they will receive coaching on how to think digitally about how a proposal can be conveyed electronically to the right donor.
Digital twin development for airport management
Authors: Oliveira Patrícia Pereira
Published: July 2024

The Digital Airport and Building Information Modelling (BIM) technology linked to planning, project and management processes, construction, maintenance and operations in parametric three-dimensional design with all the underground, land and above-land information serves as a parametric database for supporting planning and improving project management. An airport digital twin is not limited to building infrastructure; it includes the associated working processes. It serves as a large-scale information repository to improve performance and obtain data more efficiently. All business sectors will benefit, including the commercial, assets management, operations, engineering and maintenance departments. The model will also promote an environment that will lead to digital transformation. For the implementation of such digital models effectively in the company’s business, strategic planning is necessary so that digital twins can beused well by organisations to bring good results to the company.
FinTech 2.0: Software as the future of payments distribution
Authors: Paston Ashley , Harris Matthew
Published: July 2024

While the trend for leveraging integrated payments software (FinTech 1.0) offered bank acquirers a new channel to disseminate payments, the current wave of FinTech (FinTech 2.0) consists of software companies integrating payments into their core offering. FinTech 2.0 companies are able to capture more of the payment economics and offer merchants a better experience. While a software company can pursue multiple pathways to offer payments to its customers, the only way to fully capture the benefits of FinTech 2.0 is to become a payment facilitator (payfac). Thanks to the emergence of dedicated infrastructure providers, this is now much easier. This paper discusses the historical, current and future state of merchant acquiring distribution, the benefits of new-age software-based distribution models, and the options available to software companies to capitalise on payments in this new model.