bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sedimentary facies and grain size distribution; Insights into Ogwashi-Asaba Formation, Niger Delta Basin
Authors: Eghele Akpere  , Anthonia N. Asadu
Published: December 2024

The Niger Delta is renowned for being one of the most productive hydrocarbon provinces globally. This productivity is primarily attributed to its complex geological history, which is marked by intricate stratigraphy and various sedimentary facies. These sedimentary facies, which are distinct bodies of sediment with specific characteristics, provide essential information about past environments and sedimentary processes, about the complex stratigraphy and diverse sedimentary facies. Stratigraphic sequences in the Niger Delta include alternating layers of sandstones, shales, and siltstones. Sediment samples were collected with cores too, from the Ogwashi-Asaba formation, and a detailed field analysis was documented. Grain size, petrographic, and geochemical analysis were carried out in the lab, from the samples collected. The analyzed parameters suggest that the sandstone samples from the Ogwashi-Asaba Formation are predominantly fluviatile. Graphic Mean (Mz) ranges from 1.4 to 2.1 phi. Grain Size Composition 2-20% very fine sand, 6-66% fine sand, 45-87% medium to coarse sand, and 70-100% very coarse sand. Sorting (σ1) ranges from 1.1 to 2.1 phi, with 64.71% of sediments being very poorly sorted and 35.29% poorly sorted. Graphic Skewness (Sk) ranges from -0.6 to +0.5, indicating varying energy conditions. Graphic Kurtosis (KG): Ranges from 0.8 to 1.9, with curves varying from leptokurtic to platykurtic. These sedimentary processes shaping the Ogwashi-Asaba formation creates a diverse stratigraphy and a variety of sedimentary facies. Each provides valuable insights into past environmental conditions and sedimentary dynamics. A comprehensive understanding of these processes enhances the potential for hydrocarbon exploration and the reservoir characterization of the province.
Financial advantages of leveraging SAP S/4HANA Integration in retail: A quantitative study
Authors: Chetan Sharma
Published: December 2024

SAP S/4HANA symbolizes important innovations in enterprise resource planning (ERP) and is designed to address specific challenges facing modern retailers in fast-growing, competitive environments. By providing real-time analysis, intelligent automation, and seamless system integration, SAP S/4HANA enables companies to improve efficiency in both financial and operational processes. This solution is not just a tool but a framework that enables smarter decision-making, reduces inefficiencies, and improves customer experience.
The study focuses on measurable outcomes, such as cost savings, increased revenue, and streamlined operations, regarding the financial benefits of introducing SAP S/4HANA. We also assess how this system supports retail businesses to solve issues such as inventory management, supply chain optimization and customer engagement. This analysis includes detailed case studies and statistical insights to explain how companies can maintain agility, competitiveness and profitability by modernizing their operations and financial infrastructure. With this solution, retailers can achieve sustainable success in the evolving global market.
Balancing innovation and security: Advancing data privacy in the age of artificial intelligence and machine learning
Authors: Vishal Sresth  , Aakash Srivastava  , Sundar Tiwari
Published: December 2024

This article analyzes the conflict of interest between innovation and security concerning evolving data privacy, especially regarding AI and ML techniques. Due to advanced technological developments, AI & ML integrated with data processing and, subsequently, data analysis produced deep concerns about privatizing personal information. The study discusses what is currently known about privacy as provided for in the applicable frameworks, assesses the threats that are brought about by these technologies, and weighs the options available in terms of giving protective measures for data privacy while at the same time promoting innovation. In addition to problem definitions, examples, and cases in this paper, the 'Real-world applications and their practical implications' section provides real-life uses of the technologies and the effects on privacy laws, corporate practices, and protection of users. By using qualitative analysis and comparative evaluation approach, the study provides a comprehension of the existing regulation efficiency, the implementation of AI-based privacy solutions, and the suggestions on effective and safe creation of digital environment. Based on the study's results, it becomes clear that flexible approaches and the inclusion of highly effective ethical approaches to applying AI and ML in organizations prevent privacy breaches.
Development of a fault-tolerant management scheme for on demand real time data centre cloud environment
Authors: SANUSI L. A  , ADEOSUN O.O  , AFOLABI A.O  , ISMAILA W.O  , SANUSI H.A
Published: December 2024

Fault tolerance in cloud data centers is a critical mechanism for handling the escalating frequency of failures. As the size and complexity of large-scale systems grow, the challenge of predicting and mitigating failures becomes increasingly exponential, rendering previous solutions inadequate for meeting the high-performance demands of both cloud users and providers. This paper aims to address the growing need for improved fault tolerance by developing a management computational intelligence scheme tailored for real-time, on-demand cloud data center environments. In this study, a fault-tolerant computational intelligence scheme was elicited for the parameters necessary for the design. A computational system was also designed to determine league winners based on scheduling checkpoints. Also, the designed system was simulated using java programming language in CloudSim simulation toolkit (3.0.3) with a customized Cloud Analyst Graphic User Interface (GUI) on the Eclipse Integrated Development Environment (IDE) Luna release 4.4. The developed system (Checkpointed League Winner Algorithm) was compared with existing scheme such as Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), Genetic Algorithm (GA) and League Championship Algorithm (LCA) in real time. Checkpointed League Winner Algorithm was also evaluated to check the scheme's resistance to faults and the improvement percentage of the cloud data centres. The parameters used to evaluate the scheme are: failure to perform Ratio (FPR), Failure that causes a Delay in Performance (FDP), and the Rate at which Performance improves (RPI). The result indicates that when the whole average life of each scheme is considered, Checkpointed League Winner Algorithm (CPLWA) results in a 38.2%, 29.9%, and 20.5% improvement over ACO, GA, and LCA, respectively. The average makespan of the scheme indicates that the Checkpointed League Winner Algorithm exhibits a significant improvement, outperforming the ACO, GA, and LCA with 41%, 33%, and 23%, respectively; the response time of the scheme indicates that the Checkpointed League Winner Algorithm outperformed the ACO, GA, and LCA with 54.3%, 56.6%, and 30.2%, respectively; and the failure ratio of the scheme indicates that the Checkpointed League Winner Algorithm performs better than existing meta-heuristics methods (ACO, GA, and LCA) with a lower failure ratio. This improvement can be attributed to the iterative structure, the migration, and the checkpointing approaches employed in the scheme. This study developed a fault tolerance computational intelligence scheme for an on-demand real-time data centre cloud environment in which the Checkpointed League Winner Algorithm outperformed the existing scheme in terms of response time, average makepan and failure ratio. It is then suggested to explore the application of the Checkpointed League Winner Algorithm scheme to address resource management, provisioning, and virtual machine placement challenges within distributed systems.
Determination of essential oil components of Achillea millefolium
Authors: Cenk Paşa  , Turgut Kılıç
Published: December 2024

Medicinal plants used in traditional medicine are being investigated and employed more and more in the food, pharmaceutical, and nutraceutical industries these days. Achillea sp. which is in the Asteraceae family is one of the most widely used medicinal and aromatic plants for the treatment of various diseases. Both traditional medicine and modern medicine make extensive use of yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.). The objective of this study was to ascertain the essential oil content and essential oil constituents of Achillea millefolium species, which are found in Ulus Mountain in the Sındırgı district of Balıkesir province. The components of the essential oil were examined using a GC-MS device after the hydrodistillation process as used to obtain it. The analysis revealed a significant concentration of the carvacrol component (10.16 %) in the essential oil of the Achillea millefolium plants. A total of 95 components were identified in A. millefolium essential oil which accounted for 89.95 %. Carvacrol (10.16 %), γ-Muurolene (9.58 %), Grandisol (5.28 %), Artemisia ketone (3.70 %) were found as major constituents of A. millefolium essential oil.
The influence of parent-child relationship on academic performance of Basic Science Students in Biase Local Government Area of Cross River State
Authors: Beatrice Arisa Bayim  , Eko Valentine Emmanuel
Published: December 2024

This research was aimed at investigating the influence of Parent-child relationship on academic performance of Basic Science students in Biase Local Government Area of Cross River State. Three research questions and three hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The study adopted the export facto research design. The population of the study was made up of all JSS 11 basic science Students of 2022/2023 academic session in Biase L.G.A, totally about 1500 Students. All the schools in the stratum were used since there were few public schools. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 230 JSS11 Students from the public schools in the area of study. The instruments for data collection were Achievement test tagged Basic Science Achievement Test (BSAT) and a Questionnaire tagged Parent-Child Relationship Questionnaire (PCRQ). The achievement test contained 25 questions drawn from the topics: Nature of Matter and Motion from the Basic Science curriculum. Face and content validity were used to validate the instruments. The achievement test and questionnaire were utilized as the main sources of data collection. The questionnaire consisted of 15 questions. Seven of which appraised the demographic information of the students while 15 questions (5 for each hypothesis) measured the variables of the study, while the reliability was determined using the test-retest method. The responses were correlated using Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC). The coefficient obtained was 0.67 for cordial relationship between children and parents, 0.74 for meeting basic needs of children by parents and 0.69 for monitoring learners' progress. Acquired data was analysed using descriptive statistics consisting of frequency tables and percentages for the demographic information while the variables were correlated using independent t-test. The findings of the study revealed that basic science students who have cordial relationship with their parents have positive significant in their academic performance than their counterparts who do not have cordial relationship with their parents. Significant difference was found in the academic performance of basic science students whose basic needs were satisfied by their parents and those whose needs were not satisfied by their parents in favour of those whose needs were supplied. There is significant difference in the academic performance of basic science students whose academic progresses were monitored by their parents and those whose academic progresses were not monitored in schools in Biase Local Government Area of Cross River State. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended that parents should strengthen their mutual relationships with their children to provide the home environment and the psychological disposition needed to enhance academic performances in schools.
Analysis of leadership style, compensation and motivation on employee performance mediated by job satisfaction at the population Office and the Civil Registry of Medan City
Authors: Kunsanusi Awal Tarigan  , Yohny Anwar
Published: December 2024

This study aims to test and analyze the influence of leadership style, compensation and motivation on employee performance. Testing and analyzing the influence of leadership style, compensation, and motivation on employee performance mediated by Satisfaction at the Medan City Population and Civil Registration Office. This type of research is quantitative descriptive, the research sample is 85 ASN from the Civil Registry of Capil Regency, Medan City, and data analysis uses the SEM (structural equation modeling) method. Overall, from the results and discussions in the study, it was concluded that there was a positive and significant influence between leadership style, compensation and motivation on employee performance, and there was a positive and significant influence between leadership style, compensation, and motivation on employee performance mediated satisfaction at the Medan City Population and Civil Registration Office.
Optimizing muscle health: The role of resistance training and frequency in muscle hypertrophy
Authors: Mayendra Jovan Pranata  , Irfiansyah Irwadi  , Damayanti Tinduh  , Hayuris Kinandita Setiawan
Published: December 2024

Resistance training (RT) is a key factor in promoting muscle hypertrophy and overall muscle health. Recent research highlights the role of RT frequency in optimizing hypertrophic outcomes. The purpose of this literature review is to explore the influence of training frequency on muscle hypertrophy and evaluates its effectiveness in tailoring programs to individual needs. A total of 63 research papers published between the years 2019 to 2024 were accessed and used for this review that met the criteria. The review indicates that while training volume is the primary driver of hypertrophy, frequency adjustments may enhance outcomes in specific contexts, such as recovery capacity and advanced adaptations. This review underscores the potential of frequency as a variable to optimize RT programs for improved muscle health.
Colour Psychology in Interior Design for Geriatric Spaces
Authors: Srishti Bhatt  , Amita Puri  , Shefali Shelat  , Shivam Gupta  , Bhanuja Gauba  , Kumud Aneja  , Sami Alam  , Bhavna Pandya
Published: December 2024

The psychological impact of colour significantly influences the design of therapeutic and functional spaces for the geriatric population. As aging brings sensory and cognitive changes, carefully curated interior design can enhance emotional comfort, cognitive function, and overall well-being. This concept note delves into the application of colour psychology to create aging-friendly environments that promote mental health and safety. Warm, soothing colours can reduce stress and create a sense of familiarity, while brighter hues aid in improving mood and cognitive alertness. Conversely, muted tones may mitigate overstimulation, particularly in individuals with dementia or sensory sensitivities. Proper contrast and colour differentiation can also improve spatial orientation, reducing fall risks and enhancing safety. The paper underscores the need for evidence-based design principles tailored to the unique needs of the elderly. It highlights actionable strategies for interior designers, including the mindful selection of colour palettes, the integration of natural lighting, and the use of texture and contrast to improve navigation and engagement. By prioritizing the psychological and functional aspects of colour, designers can create spaces that foster comfort, safety, and emotional well-being for older adults. This exploration emphasizes how thoughtful design can contribute to a supportive and enriching environment for the aging population.
Pendidikan Karakter Sebagai Landasan Pembentukan Generasi Muda
Authors: Fadhillah Quratul ‘Aini  , Rahmi Yuli Andini Hasibuan  , Gusmaneli Gusmaneli
Published: December 2024

Character education is an important pillar in the formation of a quality young generation. This     paper describes the urgency of character education in forming individuals who are not only intellectually intelligent, but also have strong moral values. Through a literature review and data analysis, this paper shows that character education can form a young generation who has integrity, empathy, responsibility, and the ability to coexist harmoniously in a diverse society. Apart from that, this paper also identifies challenges and solutions in implementing character education in various educational contexts.
 
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Analisis Kebijakan Anti-Bullying dalam Konteks Pendidikan Islam : Implikasi untuk Lingkungan Sekolah
Authors: Refa Choirur Rizki  , Dwi Nur Anjani  , Kamila Rahma Shalehah  , Ma’wah Salsabila
Published: December 2024

This study discusses the anti-bullying policy in the context of Islamic education at SMAN 107 Jakarta, with the aim of describing the implementation of the policy and its application to the relationship between students and between students and teachers and the school community. The method used is a mixed method, which combines qualitative and quantitative approaches to obtain comprehensive data. The study found that bullying, both verbal and non-verbal, has a serious impact on students' mental and physical health, as well as creating an unconducive school environment. The anti-bullying policy implemented in these schools is based on government regulations and Islamic values, which emphasize the importance of maintaining human dignity and creating a safe learning environment. The implications of this study show that Islamic education can play an important role in shaping students' character and preventing bullying in schools.
Character Building
Authors: Nesia Mu’asyara  , Muhammad Alif Putra Isdiantoro  , Adjar Djati Gumono  , Afif Nur Fadhlillah  , Alvian Rosyada Al Hikami  , Muhammad Gigih Prasaja
Published: December 2024

This journal discusses the concept of character building as a process of developing individual character which includes moral values, ethics and positive behavior. This research aims to explore the importance of character building in the context of education and everyday life. The method used is a literature review which includes theories and best practices in character development. The research results show that character building plays an important role in forming individuals who are qualified, have integrity and are able to contribute positively to society.
Un anno di attività del progetto VIS
Authors: Verlato Zeno
Published: December 2024

This article illustrates the first year of activity of the project VIS - Venetian Integrated Studies (PRIN 2020), PI Luca D’Onghia, highlighting the results achieved by each research unit (Scuola Normale di Pisa, coordinated by Luca D’Onghia; Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, by Cristiano Lorenzi; Chieti-Pescara, by Ilaria Zamuner; Firenze, CNR-Opera del Vocabolario Italiano, by Zeno Verlato). The activities of the research groups concern the editing of vocabulary entries (VEV), the edition of Venetian texts, and the setting up of the project’s databases and IT platform.
Keletre, magyar politikatudomány!
Authors: Kovarek Dániel
Published: December 2024

A magyar nyelven megjelentetett politikatudományi vizsgálódások jellemzően az angolszász és nyugat-európai szakirodalom példáiból és elméleti kereteiből építkeznek. Hasonlóképpen, a szavazói magatartásra fókuszáló tanulmányok döntő többsége egy, az Egyesült Királyságban, az USA-ban, vagy Németországban megfigyelt jelenség tesztelésére vállalkozik, és az intézményi struktúrákat elemző esettanulmányok is rendszerint ugyanezen országokkal hasonlítják össze Magyarországot. Dacára annak, hogy az – utolsó másfél évtizedben megjelenő, vagy akár a rendszerváltás óta velük élő – intézményi megoldások és politikai viselkedési mintázatok gyakran jobban rokoníthatók Törökország, Brazília, Oroszország vagy Kína jellegzetességeivel, a magyar nyelvű tudományos fórumokon elhanyagolhatóan kevés, az afrikai, latin-amerikai vagy (közép-)ázsiai versengő autokráciákat elemző szakirodalom szervesülésére irányuló kísérlet. Jelen vitaindító célja, hogy demonstrálja, számos – nem feltétlen (csak) kompetitív autokráciákat jellemző – hazai trend, választói magatartásforma vagy intézményi jellemző jobban érthetővé válna, ha gyakrabban forgatnánk a fejlődő országokat elemző munkákat, s érdemben reflektálnánk a globális Dél államait vizsgáló tudományos közleményekre. A diszciplínát aktuálisan jellemző „térvakság” nem csak a magyar politikai rendszer megértését nehezíti, de azt is kockáztatja, hogy a hazai szerzők által jegyzett tanulmányok valóságmagyarázatai fokozatosan leválnak és eltávolodnak attól, ahogyan a nemzetközi szakirodalom látja Magyarországot.
FORMATION OF CORROSION-RESISTANT CLADDING LAYERS ON PETROCHEMICAL EQUIPMENT PARTS BY TWO-ELECTRODE SURFACING METHOD
Authors:   Volgograd State Technical University, ELSUKOV S.K. , ZORIN I.V. ,   Volgograd State Technical University, STOROZHEVA E.I. ,   JSC «VNIKTIneftechimoborudovanie», LYSAK V.I. ,   Volgograd State Technical University, KHARLAMOV V.O. ,   Volgograd State Technical University, FASTOV S.A. ,   Volgograd State Technical University
Published: December 2024

The study results of the elemental composition and structure of corrosion-resistant austenitic metal deposited by the one- and two-electrode method in a protective gas are discussed. Recommendations on the formation of a defect-free cladding layer by surfacing with two electrode wires are given. It is shown that comparable results in resistance to intercrystalline corrosion are achieved with a lower consumption (~by 30-35%) of the electrode metal for the formation of a cladding layer and a more technologically advanced form of rollers deposited with two wires.
Momentary Contexts - A Memory and Retrieval Approach for LLM Efficiency
Authors: Jeong Jaepil
Published: December 2024

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable breakthroughs in natural language processing and artificial intelligence. However, current LLMs rely on cumulative context, which poses structural limitations. This approach often results in inefficient utilization of computational resources and diminished coherence and adaptability in extended interactions. This study proposes an innovative framework that eliminates cumulative context and introduces the concepts of **“memory”** and **“retrieval”** to establish **“momentarily reconstructed minimal contexts.”**In this framework, **memory** refers to the external storage of past interactions exactly as they occurred in a database. This raw data serves as a persistent repository that can be retrieved as needed. **Retrieval** is the process of selectively accessing relevant stored memory to dynamically reconstruct short-term, localized contexts tailored to specific queries or tasks. This aligns with retrieval-augmented generation methods but differs by emphasizing dynamic context reconstruction rather than cumulative accretion.The proposed approach also highlights the potential of **memory** to function as an interface for external knowledge. By linking memory with domain-specific knowledge, it becomes possible to integrate expert knowledge dynamically into the reconstructed context at every moment, facilitating knowledge-intensive tasks. This enables LLMs to produce not only general responses but also highly specialized and contextually accurate outputs, significantly enhancing their performance in diverse domains.This study explores the design principles and implementation strategies of this memory-based system and empirically demonstrates its efficacy in improving both performance and efficiency when integrated into LLM architectures. By leveraging memory to incorporate external knowledge dynamically, this research offers a novel paradigm for LLM design, advancing AI models that emulate human memory systems while unlocking new possibilities for external data integration.
Psychosocial condition of a frontline society
Authors: Długosz Piotr
Published: December 2024

Since Russia launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine, Poland has become a frontline state due to its shared borders with Ukraine, Belarus, and Russia. From the onset of the war, both the Polish state and society have provided military and humanitarian aid to their embattled neighbour. According to the estimates, Poland’s humanitarian and military assistance to Ukraine amounts to nearly 5% of its GDP. Among countries offering aid, Poland has supplied Ukraine with the largest amount of heavy weaponry and has accepted the highest number of war refugees. Moreover, since June 2021, Poland has faced an influx of immigrants from Asia and Africa facilitated by Russia and Belarus. This hybrid warfare aims to destabilize and weaken the state. In light of these challenges, survey research was conducted on a representative sample of 728 respondents using the CAWI method (Computer-Assisted Web Interview). The findings reveal that Polish society is under stress. The conventional war in Ukraine, combined with the hybrid warfare waged by Belarus and Russia against Poland, has impacted the psychosocial well-being of Poles. There is growing fear that the war might spread into Poland along with concerns about the further influx of war refugees from Ukraine and immigrants from Asia and Africa. The economic consequences of the war have most significantly affected individuals with low status, lacking both financial and social capital. Although the impact of the war on quality of life has been limited, the respondents reported a perceived decline compared to the pre-war period. While some improvement is expected after the war, they anticipate it will not return completely to pre-war levels. The research also shows that Polish society is experiencing stress, with anxiety and depression being more prevalent among the respondents with fewer resources. People attempt to handle negative emotions by employing active strategies for coping with stress. A decline in sympathy towards Ukrainian war refugees is evident in the frontline society. Poles express negative opinions about the impact of these refugees on the country. The majority of respondents have negative attitudes towards further acceptance of Ukrainian refugees and also oppose accepting immigrants from Asia and Africa. The results of the research also indicate significant social disorganization and anomie, reflected in the lack of willingness to defend their own country in the event of a foreign invasion.
Analysis of Fuel Level Monitoring System Design In Fuel Tank Generator Set
Authors: Widianto Maulana Luky , Nurhadi
Published: December 2024

The fuel monitoring system for Generator Sets in mining areas is currently non-existent, resulting in an inability to determine fuel depletion status, consequently rendering the units inoperable and not functioning as intended. This research aims to design a fuel monitoring system for generator set fuel tanks using LoRa communication and ultrasonic sensors. Additionally, it seeks to investigate the effects of different LoRa bandwidth variations and distances on the time of air (ToA) for fuel level data transmission. The study employs an experimental method to explore the relationship between LoRa bandwidth variations (KHz) of 125, 250, and 500 KHz, as well as distances between modules (m) of 25, 50, 75, and 100 meters, concerning the time of air (ToA) for fuel level data transmission. The results of this research include the design and implementation of a fuel level monitoring device. The study demonstrates that the shortest data transmission time occurs at a bandwidth of 125 KHz and a distance of 25 meters, while the longest data transmission time occurs at a bandwidth of 500 KHz and a distance of 100 meters. This indicates that both bandwidth and distance significantly influence the time of air (ToA) or data transmission duration for fuel level monitoring.
Corrosion Rate of Ship Fuel Pipes Due to the Use of HSD B0 and HSD B30
Authors: Tubagus Nur Ilham  , Dwisetiono
Published: December 2024

Pipes are an important part of the world of shipping because most ships use pipes as a medium for transferring liquids from one tank to another or from one place to another. The use of biodiesel B30 as a mixture of diesel fuel high speed diesel (HSD) has an impact on the engine and other components. The method used in calculating the corrosion rate is the loss method which refers to the ASTM G31-71 standard using a test kit flow loop and potentiostat. Corrosion rate obtained by using a test toolflow loop until the 75th day that the B0 corrosion rate was 0.003534 mm/y and the B30 corrosion rate was 0.0047366 mm/y. The corrosion rate obtained by using a potentiostat corrosion testing tool showed that the B0 corrosion rate was 0.00000016 mm/y and the B30 corrosion rate was 0.00000963 mm/y. There is an additional 30%fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) palm crude oil can increase the corrosion rate.
Performance Analysis of TiAlN/TiN PVD Coated Carbide Tools in High-Speed and Dry Machining of AISI 1070 Alloy Steel
Authors: Sumawijaya Sumawijaya , Albert Hendi Yanto Larosa  , Yakmuri Lubis  , Burhan Hafid
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the performance of TiAlN/TiN PVD-coated carbide tools in high-speed, dry machining of AISI 1070 alloy steel. AISI 1070 is a high-carbon steel known for its exceptional hardness, making tool wear a significant challenge. The research focuses on evaluating tool wear, wear mechanisms, and optimal cutting parameters. Quantitative assessments of flank wear (VB) were conducted, alongside detailed Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analyses to identify the primary wear mechanisms, such as abrasion and adhesion. The study determined that the optimal cutting conditions for minimal tool wear include a cutting speed of 231 m/min, a feed rate of 0.1 mm/rev, and a depth of cut of 1 mm. The TiAlN/TiN coatings significantly enhanced the tools' wear resistance and longevity, maintaining their cutting-edge sharpness under strenuous conditions. Additionally, the coatings effectively minimized the formation of white layers on the machined surface, preserving the mechanical properties and surface integrity of the alloy. These findings demonstrate the coatings' superiority in reducing friction and heat generation during high-speed machining. The study provides valuable insights for industrial applications, highlighting the potential of TiAlN/TiN-coated carbide tools to improve tool performance, operational efficiency, and overall productivity in high-speed machining environments.
An Empirical Investigation of Static Compression Tests on Mortar Composite Materials with Different Proportions of Fly Ash
Authors: Faisal Amri Tanjung  , Siahaan Muhammad Yusuf Rahmansyah , Rakhmad Arief Siregar
Published: December 2024

The engineering of composite mortar materials presents substantial economic advantages and significant potential for advancement in the construction sector, particularly through applications such as plant vases, coral transplant media, seawalls, wall decorations, bricks, paving blocks, and acoustic panels. The use of fly ash, an industrial byproduct, can facilitate the production of high-quality materials in alignment with the government’s circular economy initiatives. This study employs a mortar mixture with a 1:1 ratio combined with varying compositions of fly ash at 10%, 30%, and 50%, utilizing an experimental testing approach that includes a static load compression test. The purpose of the compression testing apparatus is to ascertain the compressive strength characteristics and the mass percentage of the materials. The findings revealed that the maximum compressive strength achieved with 10% fly ash was 34.07 MPa; however, variations in the fly ash composition led to a reduction in the material's toughness properties by 10.42% and 16.53%, respectively. The recorded compressive strength values comply with the quality standards set forth in SNI 03-0691-1996 for paving blocks classified as type B quality. Furthermore, the variations in composition positively influenced the mass percentage, with considerable increases of 66.67% and 45.33% corresponding to the differing fly ash compositions.
Manejo del embarazo ectópico abdominal: serie de casos
Authors: Miranda Flores Alan Francis
Published: December 2024

Antecedentes. El embarazo ectópico abdominal representa entre 1% y 1,4% delos embarazos ectópicos y se asocia con una alta tasa de mortalidad maternadebido principalmente a una hemorragia masiva. Objetivo. Describir la experienciaen el manejo del embarazo ectópico abdominal en el Instituto Nacional MaternoPerinatal, Lima, Perú. Materiales y métodos. Estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo. Lapoblación de estudio fueron las pacientes con diagnóstico de embarazo ectópicoabdominal, durante el periodo 2021-2023. Los datos se obtuvieron de la revisiónde las historias clínicas. El análisis estadístico se procesó en el programa SPSS24. Resultados. Se registraron 7 casos de embarazo ectópico abdominal. La edadpromedio fue de 31,3 años. El 57,1% de los casos no tenía factores de riesgo. Laedad gestacional promedio fue de 9 semanas. La mayoría presentó dolor abdominalcomo único síntoma (71,4%). El diagnóstico preoperatorio ocurrió en 42,9% de loscasos. El 57,1% presentó hemoperitoneo. El sitio de implantación más frecuente fueel ligamento ancho (42,9%). El tratamiento fue quirúrgico en 100%. Un caso presentóhemoperitoneo como complicación postoperatoria, por el sangrado del lechoplacentario. Conclusiones. La cirugía continúa siendo el tratamiento del embarazoectópico abdominal. Existe controversia respecto a la extracción de la placenta enedades gestacionales avanzadas.
COMMUNICATION THROUGH INTERTEXTUAL GRAFFITI
Authors: Thea Shavladze
Published: December 2024

Intertextuality is a discourse strategy that is often used by graffiti writers. Intertextuality helps graffiti creators to express their fears, happiness, concerns towards different phenomena.The present article focuses on intertextual graffiti and its communicative value. The results of the study point out that graffiti is an unconventional channel for the teenagers. It is one of the most powerful channels of expression their sentiments. The analysis revealed that teenager graffitists of Batumi prefer to produce intertextual graffiti and to quote primary texts directly. They borrow famous quotes or original texts and in rare cases rewrite, paraphrase, transform or parody them. Thus, they echo the primary texts. Intertextual graffiti has an aesthetic, artistic, emotional impact on readers.
ELECTION DISPUTES: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE JUDICIAL REVIEW PROCESS IN MALAYSIA AND INDONESIA
Authors: Raiz Mukhliz Azman Aziz
Published: December 2024

This paper uses Zweigert and Kötz’ classical functional approach in comparative law to compare judicial reviews relating to election disputes in Malaysia and Indonesia. It is seen here that even though Malaysia and Indonesia have similarities in their intent to settle election disputes and apply the method of judicial review to act as a means of check-and-balance, the judiciary in both systems has shown themselves rather unwilling in directly addressing the legality of these election petitions. There are variations in court structure and legal regulations governing the systems in Malaysia and Indonesia. Malaysia’s Election Court often dismisses cases based on technicalities, while Indonesia’s Constitutional Court adopts a wider approach, incorporating cultural norms and indigenous rules. Additionally, Malaysia’s judicial system benefits from a more mature application of judicial review, grounded in its common law practice and a robust body of case law. By employing a micro-comparison method, this paper enhances understanding of the socio-political and legal contexts that influence the handling of election disputes in both countries. It also demonstrates the importance of considering the distinct legal structures, political influences, and historical legacies that define the electoral systems in Malaysia and Indonesia. The classical functional approach involving micro-comparison is best suited for the current study due to the particular problem of election disputes forming its focus. This paper aims at enhancing the understanding and knowledge regarding the social, cultural, historical, and other factors that influence the legal systems in both countries.
The Application of Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah: Wasaṭiyyah as a Significant Aspect in the Banker-Customer Relationship in Malaysian Islamic Banks
Authors: Abu Bakar Noor Mahinar , Mohd Yasin Norhashimah
Published: December 2024

The banker-customer relationship is a contractual relationship based on the contract between Islamic banks and its customers.  Islamic banks use standardized contracts and offer them on a ‘take it or leave it’ basis where the terms cannot be negotiated, subsequently creating the potential for Islamic banks with the economic strength to exploit the contracts. The main purpose of this study is to examine the terms and conditions that may result in significant imbalance between rights and obligations in the banker-customer relationship, which detriments banking consumers. Findings in this study reveal that there exists unequal bargaining power whereby the customer wields the weaker bargaining power. Using the content analysis method, this study analyses the application of Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah through the maxim of wasaṭiyyah in the banker-customer relationship to reshape good self-governance and propose improved legal documentation towards a just transaction. The strength of the banker-customer relationship will determine the future success of the Malaysian banking industry.
Keywords: Banker-customer Relationship, Islamic Banks, Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah, Malaysia, Wasaṭiyyah
الخلافة العمرية: النموذج الأمثل للحكومة الرشيدة عبر التاريخ الإسلامي
Authors: AlShamiri Hakim Ibrahim Abdul Jabbar
Published: December 2024

عاشت الأمة الإسلامية عهداً ذهبياً، ونعمت بالأمن والاستقرار والعدل والمساواة في ظل الخلافة العمرية، واتَّسم الخليفة عمر بن الخطاب -رضي الله عنه- بسمات قلَّ أن تُوجد في حاكم عبر التاريخ البشري، فقد تميز بالوضوح والشفافية مع الرعية والصدق والإنصاف، وعُرِف عنه التواضع في شخصه لرعيته ومخالطتهم والتحسس لشؤونهم وأحوالهم. والغاية من هذا الموضوع إبراز المعايير التي لعبت دوراً بارزاً في بناء الحكومة الرشيدة في الخلافة العمرية، حيث تعتبر هذه المعايير نموذجاً هاماً في تحقيق العدالة والأمن والاستقرار، وتحسين الأوضاع الاقتصادية، والقضاء على الإرهاب في بلاد المسلمين المعاصرة. وتبرز المشكلة في الدعاوى الكاذبة المنادية بأن العهد العمري لا يتناسب مع العصر الحديث، وأنه ليس بإمكان المسلمين أن يسلكوا المنهجية العمرية في قيادة الأمة الإسلامية، وتطويرها حسب مقتضيات هذا العصر. وسوف ينهج الباحث في دراسته منهج الاستقراء لكتب التاريخ التي تعتبر مصادر تتحلى بالمصداقية والموضوعية، ثم يقوم بتحليل المعلومات المعنية بالموضوع والاستفادة منها، وعلى إثر ذلك يقوم الباحث باستنتاج أهم معايير الحوكمة الرشيدة في الخلافة العمرية، التي يمكن أن تعتبر النموذج الأمثل للحكومة الرشيدة لبلاد المسلمين المعاصرة.
الكلمات المفتاحية: الخلافة العمرية، الحوكمة الرشيدة، عمر بن الخطاب، المعايير، التاريخ الإسلامي
عادة زواج المسافة: دراسة فقهية تحليلية
Authors: Osman Halimo Mahmud , Mat Jubri Shamsuddin Mustafa
Published: December 2024

يعرض هذا البحث عادة من العادات في الزواج وهي "زواج المسافة" وهو عبارة عن زواج غيب عنه الولي عند العقد قصداً من دون ضرورة اقتضت ذلك. فتكلم الباحثان عن الزواج الشرعي وشروطه والتي منها على الصحيح رضى الولي عمن تتزوج موليته، ذاكرين فيه مذاهب الفقهاء في ولاية النكاح وأدلة كل مذهب ثم الراي الراجح في المسألة. وكذلك ذكر الباحثان أركان الزواج وحكمه ومقاصده التي شرع من أجلها، وذلك تمهيداً لصلب الموضوع. ثم انتقل الباحثان إلى الحديث عن صلب الموضوع الذي هو "زواج المسافة،" تعريفه، والأسباب التي سهلت انتشاره عند المسلمين، ثم تحدثا عن الآثار والأضرار الناجمة عن زواج المسافة والتي منها كثرة الطلاق وتشريد الأطفال وقطع صلة الأرحام. وأخيراً تحدثا عن موقف المذهب الشافعي من "زواج المسافة" مبينا أن زواج المسافة لا يمت بصلة بالمذهب الشافعي، لذلك يصرح الباحثان أن زواج المسافة يخالف طريقة الزواج الشرعي ويجب على المسلمين الابتعاد عنه.
الكلمات المفتاحية: الزواج الشرعي، زواج المسافة، الولاية في عقد النكاح، الأحكام الفقهية، مذاهب الفقهاء
ضوابط تطبيقات بيع وسلف في خطاب الضمان المصرفي
Authors: Abdullah Mohd Muizz , Awang Abdul Bari
Published: December 2024

يشهد العصر الحديث تطورات في القطاع المالي الإسلامي لتلبية احتياجات ومتطلبات الناس؛ لذا ينبغي للمصارف الإسلامية أن تأتي بالمنتجات والخدمات الجديدة التي تضم عقودا مركبة، ولا تقتصر على عقد واحد. وجاءت هذه الدراسة لمعرفة علل تحريم بيع وسلف ورد في حديث شريف، ومنها سبب اجتماع عقدين في صفقة واحدة، وقد كثُر حوله النقاش بين الفقهاء قديمًا وحديثاً. ومن الأمثلة الحالية للعقود المركبة التي أنشأتها المعاملات المالية المستحدثة "خطاب الضمان"، حيث وجد الباحثان أن هذا العقد يتركَّب من أكثر من عقد واحد في صفقة واحدة ألا وهما البيع والسلف، ومن الضروري أن يُفهم هذا الحديث فهمًا عميقًا قبل تطبيقه في المصارف الإسلامية؛ حتى لا يتعارض مع الشرع الشريف. واتبع الباحثان في دراستهما المنهج الاستقرائي، وذلك لجمع المادة العلمية المتعلقة بالموضوع. واتبعا كذلك المنهج التحليلي، وذلك لتحليل الأحاديث الواردة في الموضوع، ثم التحقيق في مدى مشروعية تطبيق بيع وسلف في خطاب الضمان والتكييف الفقهي له. ومن أهم النتائج التي توصل إليها البحث إباحة تطبيق بيع وسلف في خطاب الصمان طالما تراعى المقاصد الشرعية فيه، ولا تقع في المحرمات.
الكلمات المفتاحية: البيع والسلف، خطاب الضمان، العميل، المستفيد، الضامن
حدود طاعة المرأة لزوجها في الفقه الإسلامي: الخلاف الفقهي بين الزوجين نموذجًا
Authors: Al-Abbady Muhammad Ibrahim
Published: December 2024

يهدف هذا البحث إلى أن يوضح خدود طاعة المرأة لزوجها وإلى بيان المنهج الذي ينبغي أن يتعامل به الزوجان اللذان بينهما خلاف فقهي في المسائل الخلافية بينهما؛ حتى لا يكون الخلاف الفقهي سببًا للخلافات الزوجية. وإشكالية البحث هي أنّ الله تعالى أوجب على المرأة طاعة زوجها، وفي الوقت نفسه نهى عن طاعة المخلوق في معصية الخالق، وهذا بين، ولكن ما الحكم فيما لو أُمرت الزوجة بما تراه حرامًا وإن لم يكن حرامًا في نظر الزوج؟ أتُقدّم حينئذ طاعةُ الزوج أم اتّباع ما ترجّح لدى الزوجة؟ وهل يؤثر نوع المسألة وطبيعتها في ذلك؟ والباحث قد اتّبع المنهج الاستقرائي في جمع الأقوال والمسائل، والمنهج التحليلي في دراسة هذه الأقوال، وأخيرًا المنهج النقديّ في الترجيح بين هذه الأقوال المختلفة. وقد وصل الباحث إلى عدد من النتائج من أهمّها أنّ الرجل ليس من حقه إلزام زوجته بأمر ليس من حقوقه الشرعية أو العرفية لا سيّما إن كانت تتضرر بها، وأنّ المرأة عليها طاعة زوجها في ما أوجبه عليها الشرع، أو العرف الصحيح.
الكلمات المفتاحية: الخلاف الفقهي، طاعة الزوجة، العرف، المسائل الشخصية، المسائل المشتركة بين الزوجين
أحكام العبادات الخاصة بالمتضررين من الفيضانات: دراسة فقهية تحليلية
Authors: Mohd Noor Mohd Izzuddin Bin , Mat Jubri Shamsuddin Mustafa
Published: December 2024

عالج هذا البحث موضوع الفيضانات وأثرها في أحكام العبادات، الطّهارة والصّلاة والصّوم والزكاة والحجّ. وبما أنّ الأحكام الشّرعيّة تتعلَّق بأفعال المكلَّفين، فيظهر هذا الأثر في المتضررين من هذه الكارثة من ناحية التكليف بين الفعل والترك. وأكَّد البحث أنّ الفيضانات من دواعي التّيسير والتّخفيف والتّرخيص في التكليف؛ لأنها تُلحق بالمكلّفين الضّرر والحرج، وتُلجئهم إلى المشقّة والضّرورة. فتُبنَى الأحكام الفقهيّة المتعلّقة بالعبادات والخاصّة بهم على قاعدة منع الضّرر ورفعه، وقاعدة مراعاة التّيسير والرّخصة؛ نظرًا لطروء الحالة غير الاعتياديّة عليهم. ومن أهمِّ ما توصَّل إليه البحث أنّ الفيضانات إضرارٌ بالناس؛ لما يترتَّب عليها من الآثار السيّئة، وأنّ الآثار الناجمة عنها ضررٌ؛ لأنها تجلب المفاسد لهم وتدفع عنهم المصالح. أما المتضرّرون منها فهم في حالة المشقّة؛ لما يواجهونه من الحرج والصّعوبة والعُسرة، بل قد يكونوا في حالة الضّرورة حين هلاك النّفوس وفواتها. بالإضافة إلى هذا، فقد خلُص البحث إلى أنّ للمتضرّرين منها الأخذ بالرّخصة في أحكام العبادات عند تحقُّق مناطها من المشقَّة والضّرورة، والتثبُّت من نيل مقصدها من إزالة الضّرر وانتفاء الإضرار. ومن ناحية التّأصيل الأصوليّ لهذه الأحكام، فهي تستند إلى الأدلّة الشّرعيّة من القياس والذّرائع والمصالح المرسلة.
الكلمات المفتاحية: العبادات، الفيضانات، الضرر، الكارثة، الرخصة
أحكام زواج الخلان في الفقه الإسلامي: دراسة فقهية مقارنة بعادات قبيلة ديغو في جمهورية كينيا
Authors: Abdulrahman Manswab Mahsen , ElSayfi Hossam elDin
Published: December 2024

بات من المألوف في مجتمع ديغو انتشار ظاهرة زواج الخلّان؛ حيث تبدأ المعاشرة الزوجية بين الخليلين من غير ولي ولا شهود ولا مهر. ويرجع سبب ذلك إلى أن الزواج الرسمي له إجراءات معقدة ومكلفة في الوقت نفسه، وعلاوة على ذلك اختلاف المشايخ أعيان البلاد بين مجيز ومبين مانع لهذا النوع من الزواج. اتبع الباحثان المنهج النوعي والكمي باستخدام البرنامج الإحصائي (SPSS) لجمع البيانات ذات الصلة بموضوع الدراسة، إضافة إلى ذلك سلك الباحثان طريقة الملاحظة لاستكمال النقائص الموجودة في المقابلات والاستبانات، حيث شارك فيها 150 فردا من الأزواج ورؤساء العشائر والدعاة وأئمة المساجد. وتوصل الباحثان إلى أن زواج الخلّان يعد سفاحا لا نكاحا، وأنه غير مقبول شرعا لافتقاد أركان الزواج وشروطه الموضوعية والشكلية.
كلمات مفتاحية: زواج الخلّان، الفقه الإسلامي، العادات، قبيلة ديغو، كينيا
Deserting the Wife Between Disciplining and Abuse: An Islamic Jurisprudential Study
Authors: Sabri Orwah Ikrimah
Published: December 2024

This study deals with the topic of wife desertion, or the Islamic legal recourse of temporarily abandoning one’s wife as disciplinary action for an act of disobedience committed by the wife. The fuqaha (Muslim jurists) elucidated the methods of desertion such as refusing to sleep in the same bed as one’s wife, eschewing of sexual relations, refusing to communicate verbally or otherwise, while also pointing out the lawful duration. Moreover, the adoption of desertion as a means for harming the wife was addressed by the fuqaha as well, and the position of the fuqaha vis a vis the right of the wife to demand separation as a result of this reason through the courts of law, and the period that grants the wife this right, and also the type of separation resulting from the separation ordained by the judge in terms of considering it as a separation/dissolution (faskh) or divorce.
Keywords: Deserting, Disciplining, Abuse, Marriage, Divorce
تطبيقات الوقف على ميراث المرأة في مجتمع الرقيبة الجزائري: دراسة تحليلية تقويمية
Authors: Ghouri Bachir Khawla , Awang Abdul Bari
Published: December 2024

يُناقِش هذا المقال تطبيقات الوقف على ميراث المرأة بدائرة الرقيبة الجزائرية، ويهدف إلى الكشف عن مكانة المرأة في مجتمع الرقيبة. يطبق في الرقيبة وقف الميراث للذكور فقط دون الإناث ظلما، الأمر الذي يستوجب تصحيح هذا العرف الفاسد بأحكام الشّريعة الإسلامية. كما سيكشف عن دوافع المجتمع الرّقيبي الجزائري لارتكاب هذا الظلم المتمثل في السلطة الذُّكورية وسياسة التفضيل التي باتت متصلة بفكر المجتمع العربي والإسلامي على حد سواء، ولهذه الأسباب يجب الوقوف على مواطن الظلم؛ مما يمهّد لتسريع عملية تطبيق أحكام الشّريعة الإسلامية الصحيحة. واستخدم الباحثان في هذا المقال المنهج التحليلي والاستنباطي لرصد النتائج المتوخاة، وذلك من خلال استعراض لتطبيقات وقف الميراث للذكور دون الإناث، في المجتمع الرقيبي الجزائري تحت مسمى المصلحة العامة.
الكلمات المفتاحية: مكانة المرأة، تطبيقات الوقف، ميراث المرأة، الفقه.
Sukuk Default Regulation in Malaysia and United Arab Emirates: Comparative Analysis
Authors: Abdullahi Busari Saheed , Zakariyah Luqman , Abdul Aziz Akhtarzaite
Published: December 2024

The nascent Islamic finance industry is still facing the challenges of uncertainties in legal regimes, Sharī’ah interpretations, the right of investors, and remedies in default circumstances. The event of Sukūk default is one of the significant challenges faced by the Islamic capital market. The recent Dana Gas Sukūk default triggered by Sharī’ah compliance interpretations has shown the extent of danger that moral hazards could cause to the entire Islamic finance space. Scholars have argued that the Sharī’ah-compliant arguments witnessed in the industry were because of the nature of the capital market framework of any particular jurisdiction and were not significantly Sharī’ah issues. This study aims to carry out a brief comparative analysis of the default cases in Malaysia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE).  The study compares the legal jurisdiction and regulatory framework in summary-background of the judges and court decision samples based on these structures and how they have influenced Sukuk default regulations in the jurisdiction. This study employs a comparative analysis by considering fundamental elements in the regulatory framework.
Keywords: Sukuk Default, Regulatory Framework, Legal Jurisdictions.