bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A dietary perspective of cat-human interactions in two medieval harbors in Iran and Oman revealed through stable isotope analysis
Authors: Brozou Anastasia , Fuller Benjamin T. , De Cupere Bea , Marrast Anaïs , Monchot Hervé , Peters Joris , Van de Vijver Katrien , Lambert Olivier , Mannino Marcello A. , Ottoni Claudio , Van Neer Wim
Published: July 2023

Cats are hypercarnivorous, opportunistic animals that have adjusted to anthropogenic environments since the Neolithic period. Through humans, either by direct feeding and/or scavenging on food scraps, the diet of cats has been enriched with animals that they cannot kill themselves (e.g., large mammals, fish). Here, we conducted carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratio analysis to reconstruct the diet of medieval cats and investigate cat-human interactions in two medieval harbor sites (Qalhât, Oman and Siraf, Iran). The analysis included 28 cat individuals and 100 associated marine and terrestrial faunal samples pertaining to > 30 taxa. The isotopic results indicate a high marine protein-based diet for the cats from Qalhât and a mixed marine-terrestrial (C4) diet for the cats from Siraf. Cats at these sites most likely scavenged on both human food scraps and refuse related to fishing activities, with differences in the two sites most likely associated with the availability of marine resources and/or the living conditions of the cats. By shedding light on the dietary habits of cats from two medieval harbors in the Arabian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, this study illustrates the potential of stable isotope analysis in reconstructing human-cat interactions in the past.
The experiences of counselors caring for children and adolescents with problematic smartphone use
Authors: Joung Jaewon , Oh Eunhee , Lee Eun Jee
Published: July 2023

This study examines field experts’ experiences to ascertain the actual circumstances and strategies to increase the efficacy of intervention programs for children and adolescents with problematic smartphone use. Three focus group interviews were conducted via video conferencing. The data were grouped into three major themes: (1) the screening and inflow phase, which included the inaccuracy of the screening tests, barriers in the inflow process, and the importance of school cooperation; (2) the intervention phase, which included the necessity of developing a program tailored to the target audience, the importance of parental participation, and concerns about the vulnerable; and (3) the maintenance phase, which included the lack of a long-term strategy, the need to re-establish the purpose of the counseling/intervention programs, and the need for systematic maintenance of the system. To improve the reliability of the screening test for children and adolescents with problematic smartphone use, it is necessary to improve the measurement tools and environment. To increase parental involvement, education should be provided on perceiving the severity of problematic smartphone use, and program running hours should be varied. The findings offer information necessary for improving counseling and interventions for children and adolescents with problematic smartphone use.
Overlap-ADAPT-VQE: practical quantum chemistry on quantum computers via overlap-guided compact Ansätze
Authors: Feniou César , Hassan Muhammad , Traoré Diata , Giner Emmanuel , Maday Yvon , Piquemal Jean-Philip
Published: July 2023

ADAPT-VQE is a robust algorithm for hybrid quantum-classical simulations of quantum chemical systems on near-term quantum computers. While its iterative process systematically reaches the ground state energy, practical implementations of ADAPT-VQE are sensitive to local energy minima, leading to over-parameterized ansätze. We introduce the Overlap-ADAPT-VQE to grow wave-functions by maximizing their overlap with any intermediate target wave-function that already captures some electronic correlation. By avoiding building the ansatz in the energy landscape strewn with local minima, the Overlap-ADAPT-VQE produces ultra-compact ansätze suitable for high-accuracy initialization of a new ADAPT procedure. Significant advantages over ADAPT-VQE are observed for strongly correlated systems including substantial savings in circuit depth. Since this compression strategy can also be initialized with accurate Selected-Configuration Interaction (SCI) classical target wave-functions, it paves the way for chemically accurate simulations of larger systems, and strengthens the promise of decisively surpassing classical quantum chemistry through the power of quantum computing.
Atomistic investigation of coarsening kinetics of supported nanoparticles using the phase field crystal model
Authors: Gao Ying , Guo Can , Ma Chao , Wang Qi , Sui Shang , Wu Xiangquan , Zhang Zhongming , Remennik Sergei , Xu Chunjie
Published: August 2023

The coarsening of supported nanoparticles is an inevitable process that has a significant impact on the properties of materials.
Thermally induced dimensionality changes in derivatives of a “super stable” Blatter radical
Authors: Camargo Bruno , Zajcewa Irina , Pietrzak Anna , Obijalska Emilia , Szczytko Jacek , Kaszyński Piotr
Published: August 2023

A discontinuity in the χ(T) plot at 29 K is linked to the rotational order–disorder transition of the CF3 group in the solid-state of a radical.
Theoretical investigation on the functional group modulation of UV-Vis absorption profiles of triphenylamine derivatives
Authors: Gong Kun , Xu Fang , Zhao Zhen , Li Wei , Liu Dongzhi , Zhou Xueqin , Wang Lichang
Published: July 2023

The enhanced secondary absorption peak of a double 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT)-modified sensitizer originating from the functional group modulation of the electronically excited states is revealed by the MN15 functional.
Glucose exchange parameters in a subset of physiological conditions
Authors: Mareš J. , Karjalainen J. , Håkansson P. , Michaeli S. , Liimatainen T.
Published: August 2023

The chemical exchange of labile protons of the hydroxyl groups can be exploited in a variety of magnetic resonance experiments to gain information about the groups and their physicochemical environment.
One-step photodeposition of spatially separated CuOxand MnOxdual cocatalysts on g-C3N4for enhanced CO2photoreduction
Authors: Tian Fengyu , Wu Xinyao , Chen Junhong , Sun Xuebiao , Yan Xuemin , Liao Guangfu
Published: August 2023

CuOx/g-C3N4/MnOxheterostructure has been fabricated by one-step photodeposition approach. The spatially separated CuOxand MnOxdual cocatalysts restrain the recombination of photoinduced carriers and improve the CO2photoreduction performance.
A novel molecularly expanded covalent triazine framework heterojunction with significantly enhanced molecular oxygen activation and photocatalysis performance under visible light
Authors: Shao Yuxuan , You Dan , Wan Yuqi , Cheng Qingrong , Pan Zhiquan
Published: August 2023

A triazine-based COFs/WS2 heterojunction was synthesized by molecular expansion, which had excellent photocatalytic performance and molecular oxygen activation ability.
Homo- and heterometallic complexes of Zn(ii), {Zn(ii)Au(i)}, and {Zn(ii)Ag(i)} with pentadentate Schiff base ligands as promising anticancer agents
Authors: Zhivkova Tania , Culita Daniela C. , Abudalleh Abedulkadir , Dyakova Lora , Mocanu Teodora , Madalan Augustin M. , Georgieva Milena , Miloshev George , Hanganu Anamaria , Marinescu Gabriela , Alexandrova Radostina
Published: August 2023

The cytotoxic/genotoxic activity of a series of homo/heterometallic complexes of Zn(ii), Au(i), and Ag(i) bearing pentadentate Schiff base ligands against two of the highly aggressive female malignancies, breast and cervical cancer, was investigated.
The curious cases of tetrahydrosalen-type ligands interacting with Ni(ii): structures and ligand-based oxidation reactions
Authors: Xu Vivian , Pandey Bedraj , Jayawardhena J. P. I. Dulmini , Krause Jeanette A. , Guan Hairong
Published: August 2023

Tetrahydrosalen-type ligands bind to nickel in a variety of modes and then readily lose backbone hydrogens in the presence of O2 or peroxides.
Engineering considerations for practical lithium–air electrolytes
Authors: Ellison James H. J. , Grey Clare P.
Published: August 2023

We consider the requirements to be placed on an electrolyte for it be used in a practical lithium–air battery. Ways to ease these requirements by refining cell design and improving transport as well as motifs for future electrolytes are discussed.
Metal-free visible-light-induced phosphorylation of unactivated alkyl iodides with white phosphorus as the P-atom source
Authors: Chen Fushan , Peng Jialiang , Ying Yue , Cao Yinwei , Xu Pengxiang , Tang Guo , Zhao Yufen
Published: August 2023

This is the first organic-dye-catalyzed alkylation of white phosphorus with unactivated alkyl iodides to afford dialkylphosphines.
Enhanced flame retardant performance of poly(vinyl alcohol) composites based on phosphorus–metal ion synergistic effect
Authors: Liu Yide , Yao Jiuyong , Li Kai , Li Xiankai , Xia Yanzhi
Published: July 2023

Flame retardant PVA composites with enhanced anti-dripping performance were fabricated by the construction of hydrogen bonding and a physical cross-linked network based on phosphorous–metal ions synergistic effect.
Highly stable Ni8-pyrazolate metal–organic frameworks for adsorption of methylene blue from water
Authors: Wu Guo-Qiang , Wu Kun , Wang Ying , Luo Jie , Zhou Cong-Ying , Lu Weigang
Published: August 2023

Metallosalen-based Ni8-pyrazolate metal–organic frameworks were prepared, and they exhibited exceptional chemical stability and high efficiency in the removal of methylene blue (MB) from water.
Design of enzyme@metal organic framework composites with thermo-responsivity for colourimetric detection of glucose
Authors: Tajwar Muhammad Ali , Cheng Cheng , Qi Li
Published: July 2023

A thermo-responsive GOx-HRP@MOF@polymer composite-based nanoreactor was constructed, which showed higher catalytic performance at 37 °C than at 25 °C. Upon the polymer soft-armour, a colourimetric method for the detection of serum glucose was developed.
Anion binding and transport with meso-alkyl substituted two-armed calix[4]pyrroles bearing urea and hydroxyl groups
Authors: Pamuła Małgorzata , Bulatov Evgeny , Martínez-Crespo Luis , Kiesilä Anniina , Naulapää Julia , Kalenius Elina , Helttunen Kaisa
Published: August 2023

The cis isomer of a calix[4]pyrrole bearing two urea-functionalized arms wraps around a chloride anion and shows 10 times higher transport activity into liposomes than the corresponding trans isomer, which can only use one arm for anion binding.
A cis-β-iron(iii) SALPN catalyst for hydrogen atom transfer reductions and olefin cross couplings
Authors: Ricca Michael , Yao Shaolei , Le Tommy , White Jonathan M. , Donnelly Paul S. , Rizzacasa Mark A.
Published: August 2023

An inexpensive Fe(iii) SALPN catalyst for MHAT reactions such as reductions of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds and olefin cross couplings is reported.
Polyimides with low dielectric constants and dissipation factors at high frequency derived from novel aromatic diamines with bistrifluoromethyl pendant groups
Authors: Zhang Yao , Huang Shan , Lv Xialei , Wang Kuangyu , Yin Huimin , Qiu Siyao , Li Jinhui , Zhang Guoping , Sun Rong
Published: July 2023

Fan-out wafer-level packaging (FOWLP) urgently demands low dielectric constant and dissipation factor interlayer dielectric materials to mitigate high transmission losses at high frequencies.
Shock compression of semiflexible polymers
Authors: Vega Daniel A. , Lance Pedro , Zorzi Enzo , Register Richard A. , Gómez Leopoldo R.
Published: August 2023

We use simulations and theory to study the dynamical response of semiflexible polymers to shock compression. Our results show that chain stiffness and buckling may play a critical role in the impact absorption properties of polymeric materials.
Engineering commercial polycrystalline precursors to single crystal Ni-rich cathodes with outstanding long-cycle performance
Authors: Wang Chunxia , Dong Hanyuan , Zhang Xiaoming , Wang Yutong , Shen Tongjun , Wen Jiawei , Yang Wang , Huang Guoyong , Ye Haimu , Li Yongfeng , Xu Shengming
Published: July 2023

Single crystal cathode materials were prepared through crystal construction, purification, and restoration processes, demonstrating outstanding high-temperature capacity retention.
Boosted charge transport through Au-modified NiFe layered double hydroxide on silicon for efficient photoelectrochemical water oxidation
Authors: Choi Sungkyun , Lee Sol A , Yang Jin Wook , Sohn Woonbae , Kim Jaehyun , Cheon Woo Seok , Park Jaemin , Cho Jin Hyuk , Lee Chung Won , Jun Sang Eon , Park Sung Hyuk , Moon Jooho , Kim Soo Young , Jang Ho Won
Published: July 2023

Atomically doped Au in NiFe-LDH effectively passivates defect sites, substantially enhancing overall PEC water oxidation properties.
Engineering the electronic structure of FeP with rare earth elements to enhance the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance
Authors: Gao Wei , Wu Yujie , Wan Xinhao , Gao Jie , Wen Dan
Published: July 2023

Modulating the electronic structure of FeP electrocatalyst by incorporating various rare earth (RE) elements has been recently proposed as an effective strategy to improve the electrocatalytic properties for hydrogen evolution.
Class relationship‐based knowledge distillation for efficient human parsing
Authors: Lang Yuqi , Liu Kunliang , Wang Jianming , Hwang Wonjun
Published: July 2023

In computer vision, human parsing is challenging due to its demand for accurate human region location and semantic partitioning. This dense prediction task needs powerful computation and high‐precision models. To enable real‐time parsing on resource‐limited devices, the authors introduced a lightweight model using ResNet18 as a core network . The authors simplified the pyramid module, improving context clarity and reducing complexity. The authors integrated a spatial attention fusion strategy to counter precision loss in the light‐weighting process. Traditional models, despite their segmentation precision, are limited by their computational complexity and extensive parameters. The authors implemented knowledge distillation (KD) techniques to enhance the authors’ lightweight network's accuracy. Traditional methods can fail to learn useful knowledge with significant network differences. Hence, the authors used a novel distillation approach based on inter‐class and intra‐class relations in prediction outcomes, noticeably improving parsing accuracy. The authors’ experiments on the Look into Person (LIP) dataset show that their lightweight model significantly reduces parameters while maintaining parsing precision and enhancing inference speed.
SSTNet: Saliency sparse transformers network with tokenized dilation for salient object detection
Authors: Yang Mo , Liu Ziyan , Dong Wen , Wu Ying
Published: July 2023

The vision Transformer structure performs better in salient object detection than the convolutional neural network (CNN)‐based approach. Vision Transformer predicts saliency by modelling long‐range dependencies from sequence to sequence with convolution‐free. It is challenging to distinguish the salient objects' location and obtain structural details for the influence of extracting irrelevant contextual information. A novel saliency sparse Transformer network is proposed to exploit sparse attention to guide saliency prediction. The convolution‐like with dilation in the token to token (T2T) module is replaced to achieve relationships in larger regions and to improve contextual information fusion. An adaptive position bias module is designed for the Vision Transformer to make position bias suitable for variable‐sized RGB images. A saliency sparse Transformer module is designed to improve the concentration of attention on the global context by selecting the Top‐k of the most relevant segments to improve the detection results further. Besides, cross‐modality to exploit the complementary RGB and depth modality fusion module (CMF) is used to take advantage of the complementary RGB image features and spatial depth information to enhance the feature fusion performance. Extensive experiments on multiple benchmark datasets demonstrate this method's effectiveness and superiority that it is suitable for saliency prediction comparable to state‐of‐the‐art RGB and RGB‐D saliency methods.
Stochastic planning of integrated energy system based on correlation scenario generation method via Copula function considering multiple uncertainties in renewable energy sources and demands
Authors: Chen Jinfan , Mao Chengxiong , Liu Zhe , Ma Chunyan , Sha Guanglin , Duan Qing , Fan Hua , Qiu Shushan , Wang Dan
Published: July 2023

The main goal of integrated energy service providers (IESP) in the future is to pursue profitability and reduce carbon emissions while ensuring sufficient energy supply. However, the multiple uncertainties associated with renewable energy resources and the multi‐energy consumers pose significant challenges in the optimal planning of the integrated energy system (IES) based on energy hubs (EH). This includes the global optimization of device types, EH capacity, and the optional interconnections between adjacent EHs. This study aims to develop a comprehensive mathematical model of EH that considers the temperature limitations on device operation. The thermal bus and associated devices are divided into high and low temperature parts, and a multi‐scenario stochastic programming model is proposed for IES planning. Scenarios are generated using non‐parametric kernel density estimation and the Copula function, a scenario reduction technique is implemented to alleviate computational burden. Additionally, case studies illustrate effectiveness of the proposed approach, the operation and forms of EHs, effect of the interconnections and the trade‐off between carbon emissions and economic costs are further studied by extensive simulations. This study can be a good guide for IESPs to invest in the construction of the EH‐based IES.
Detection by radar of a slow‐moving target on the sea surface
Authors: Watts Simon
Published: July 2023

A simple model is proposed for the radar returns from a slow‐moving target with a wake on the sea surface, based on measurements of returns from a submarine mast. This model is used to investigate the effect of a wake with a broad Doppler spectrum on the detection of a slow‐moving target in sea clutter. It is shown how the relative magnitudes of the returns from the target and its wake affect detection performance. Non‐coherent and coherent detectors are compared and it is shown that in some circumstance non‐coherent detectors may give better performance, dependent on the choice of radar waveform parameters.
Single‐cell RNA sequencing identifies macrophage signatures correlated with clinical features and tumour microenvironment in meningiomas
Authors: Zhang Xiaowei
Published: July 2023

Background

Meningiomas are common primary brain tumours, with macrophages playing a crucial role in their development and progression. This study aims to identify module genes correlated with meningioma‐associated macrophages and analyse their correlation with clinical features and immune infiltration.

Methods

We analysed single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) data from two paired meningioma and normal meninges to identify meningioma‐associated macrophages. High‐dimensional weighted gene co‐expression network analysis (hdWGCNA) was employed to identify module genes linked to these macrophages, followed by functional enrichment and pseudotime trajectory analyses. A machine learning‐based model using the module genes was developed to predict tumour grades. Finally, meningiomas were classified into two molecular subtypes based on the module genes, followed by a comparison of clinical characteristics and immune cell infiltration.

Results

Meningiomas exhibited a significantly higher proportion of macrophages than normal meninges, including novel macrophage clusters referred to as meningioma‐associated macrophages. The hdWGCNA analysis of macrophages within meningiomas unveiled 12 distinct modules, with the blue, black, and turquoise modules closely correlated with the meningioma‐associated macrophages. Hub genes within these modules were enriched in immune regulation, cellular communication, and metabolism pathways. Machine learning analysis identified 13 module genes (RSBN1, TIPRL, ATIC, SPP1, MALSU1, CDK1, MGP, DDIT3, SUPT16H, NFKBIA, SRSF5, ATXN2L, and UBB) strongly correlated with meningioma grade and constructed a predictive model with high accuracy and robustness. Based on the module genes, meningiomas were classified into two subtypes with distinct clinical and tumour microenvironment characteristics.

Conclusions

Our findings provide insights into the molecular characteristics underlying macrophage infiltration in meningiomas. The molecular signatures of macrophages demonstrate correlations with clinical features and immune cell infiltration in meningiomas.
Radial distribution of giant exoplanets at Solar System scales
Authors: Lagrange A.-M. , Philipot F. , Rubini P. , Meunier N. , Kiefer F. , Kervella P. , Delorme P. , Beust H.
Published: July 2023

Aims. Giant planets play a major role in multiple planetary systems. Knowing their demographics is important to test their overall impact on the formation of planetary systems. It is also important to test their formation processes. Recently, three radial velocity (RV) surveys have established radial distributions of giant planets. All show a steep increase up to 1–3 au, and two suggest a decrease beyond that.

Methods. We aim to understand the limitations associated with the characterization of long-period giant RV planets, and to estimate their impact on the radial distribution of these planets.

Results. We revisit the results obtained by two major surveys that derived such radial distributions, using the RV data available at the time of the surveys as well as, whenever possible, new data.

Conclusions. We show that the radial distributions published beyond (5–8 au) are not secure. More precisely, the decrease in the radial distribution beyond the peak at 1–3 au is not confirmed.
Uniformly exponential stability of semi-discrete scheme for a vibration cable with a tip mass under observer-based feedback control
Authors: Guo Bao-Zhu , Zhao Xi
Published: July 2023

In this paper, we consider uniformly exponential approximation for a vibrating cable with tip mass under a non-collocated output stabilizing feedback control. By designing an observer-based output feedback control, the closed-loop system is composed of the coupled same type of PDEs and ODEs. By order reduction method, we find a global Lyapunov functional for the closed-loop system. The closed-loop system is then semi-discretized by the finite difference method. For the discrete systems, we also construct the Lyapunov functions. The uniform exponential stability of the semi-discretized systems is then established analogously as the proof for the continuous counterpart via an indirect Lyapunov functional approach.
Linear Shrinkage and Shrinkage Pretest Strategies in Partially Linear Models
Authors: Phukongtong Siwaporn , Lisawadi Supranee , Ahmed S. Ejaz
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we improved the efficiency of parameter estimation in partially linear models, where subspace information is available. We proposed linear shrinkage and shrinkage pretest estimation strategies. The asymptotic distributional risk of the proposed estimators was examined. We also conducted a Monte Carlo simulation to evaluate the risk performance of the estimators. The proposed estimators performed better than the unrestricted estimator. A real data example was used to illustrated the application of the proposed estimators.
Analysis and Classification of Bone Fractures Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Noureen Ayesha , Zia M. Azam , Adnan Ahmad , Hashim M.
Published: August 2023

Human bones are the hard organs that protect vital organs such as the heart, lungs, and other internal organs. Fractures of the bones are a prevalent issue among humans. Bone fractures may develop from an accident or another circumstance when there is great pressure on the bones. It may be difficult and time-consuming to determine the site of a fracture in a patient who is suffering discomfort. The manual examination of fractures during radiological interpretation is a time-consuming and error-prone process. This may result in erroneous detection, poor fracture healing, and an extensive procedure. So, this research proposed an effective approach to rectifying bone fractures with the inclusion of the latest technologies. The solution is proposed by employing a Deep learning model. Moreover, a novel concept of classification is also incorporated. Firstly; the MURA dataset was collected from Stanford. Secondly; The proposed model used techniques like DCNN (Deep Convolution Neural Network) and use Alex Net model. Bones are classified into fractured or non-fractured through a classification approach. The proposed model was created using Google Colab. The proposed model was trained by repeating several experiments. The performance was evaluated based on accuracy. The suggested model results were compared with baseline algorithms as well. Consequently, the findings of this work will be useful for the medical industry.
A Study of Two-level Inventory Allocation for E-commerce Pre-sales Based on Two Return Methods
Authors: Du Chenxu , Deng Fumin , Wang Chaozhu , Luo Peng , Liang Xuedong
Published: August 2023

In recent years, e-commerce shopping festivals based on the presale model have become increasingly popular. Under the pre-sale model, some e-commerce companies have used inventory front-loading methods to give consumers higher time satisfaction for alleviating the pressure caused by order piling. At the same time a new return method has been generated, but existing studies have only considered the traditional return method. In this paper, a dualobjective decision model based on NSGA-II algorithm is developed for maximizing enterprise profit and maximizing consumer time satisfaction under the premise of considering both return methods, and the optimal two-level inventory allocation decision scheme is calculated for e-commerce enterprises. The results show that the existence of two return methods will have a more significant impact on enterprise profit, and therefore is more practical for e-commerce enterprises to make two-level inventory allocation decisions.
A Study on the Causes and Effects of Place Attachment - Based on the Perspective of Person
Authors: Ji Xing , Niu Yongge , Acheampong Alexander
Published: August 2023

Place attachment studies the positive emotional connection between people and places. It is a comprehensive concept and has gained a lot of scientific attention in recent decades. There are many researchers exploring its influencing factors, but in terms of “person”, most researchers are limited to demographic variables. This study collected 519 data through questionnaires, excavated the possible predictors of residents’ place attachment based on the perspective of person, and constructed a structural equation model of place attachment to explore its causes and influence effects. The results of the study found that: 1) Possession, friend-tie, and self-identify positively affect residents’ place attachment; 2) place attachment positively affects residents’ subjective well-being, which in turn affects their recommendation intention.
Opt-RNN-DBFSVM: Optimal recurrent neural network density based fuzzy support vector machine
Authors: El Moutaouakil Karim , El Ouissari Abdellatif
Published: August 2023

Two major problems are encountered when using fuzzy SVM: (a) the number of local minima increases exponentially with the number of samples and (b) the quantity of required computer storage, required for a regular quadratic programming solver, increases by an exponential magnitude as the problem size expands. The Kernel-Adatron family of algorithms gaining attention lately which has allowed to handle very large classification and regression problems. However, these methods treat different types of samples (Noise, border, and core) with the same manner, which causes searches in unpromising areas and increases the number of iterations. In this work, we introduce a hybrid method to overcome these shortcoming, namely Optimal Recurrent Neural Network Density Based fuzzy Support Vector Machine (Opt-RNN-DBFSVM). This method consists of four steps: (a) characterization of different samples, (b) elimination of samples with a low probability of being a support vector, (c) construction of an appropriate recurrent neural network based on an original energy function, and (d) solution of the system of differential equations, managing the dynamics of the RNN, using the Euler–Cauchy method involving an optimal time step. Thanks to its recurrent architecture, the RNN remembers the regions explored during the search process. We demonstrated that RNN-FSVM converges to feasible support vectors and Opt-RNN-DBFSVM has a very low time complexity compared to RNN-FSVM with constant time step, and KAs-FSVM. Several experiments were performed on academic data sets. We used several classification performance measures to compare Opt-RNN-DBFSVM to different classification methods and the results obtained show the good performance of the proposed method.
Use of endoscopic submucosal dissection or full-thickness resection device to treat residual colorectal neoplasia after endoscopic resection: a multicenter historical cohort study
Authors: Yzet Clara , Le Baleur Yann , Albouys Jérémie , Jacques Jérémie , Doumbe-Mandengue Paul , Barret Maximilien , Abou Ali Einas , Schaefer Marion , Chevaux Jean-Baptiste , Leblanc Sarah , Lepillez Vincent , Privat Jocelyn , Degand Thibault , Wallenhorst Timothée , Rivory Jérôme , Chaput Ulriikka , Berger Arthur , Aziz Karim , Rahmi Gabriel , Coron Emmanuel , Kull Eric , Caillo Ludovic , Vanbiervliet Geoffroy , Koch Stéphane , Subtil Fabien , Pioche Mathieu
Published: August 2023

Introduction Residual colorectal neoplasia (RCN) after previous endoscopic mucosal resection is a frequent challenge. Different management techniques are feasible including endoscopic full-thickness resection using the full-thickness resection device (FTRD) system and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of these two techniques for the treatment of such lesions.

Methods All consecutive patients with RCN treated either using the FTRD or by ESD were retrospectively included in this multicenter study. The primary outcome was the R0 resection rate, defined as an en bloc resection with histologically tumor-free lateral and deep margins.

Results 275 patients (median age 70 years; 160 men) who underwent 177 ESD and 98 FTRD procedures for RCN were included. R0 resection was achieved in 83.3 % and 77.6 % for ESD and FTRD, respectively (P = 0.25). Lesions treated by ESD were however larger than those treated by FTRD (P < 0.001). The R0 rates for lesions of 20–30 mm were 83.9 % and 57.1 % in the ESD and FTRD groups, respectively, and for lesions of 30–40 mm were 93.6 % and 33.3 %, respectively. On multivariable analysis, ESD procedures were associated with statistically higher en bloc and R0 resection rates after adjustment for lesion size (P = 0.02 and P < 0.001, respectively). The adverse event rate was higher in the ESD group (16.3 % vs. 5.1 %), mostly owing to intraoperative perforations.

Conclusion ESD is effective in achieving R0 resection for RCN whatever the size and location of the lesions. When residual lesions are smaller than 20 mm, the FTRD is an effective alternative.
Characterization and Usefulness of Clot-Fibrinolysis Waveform Analysis in Critical Care Patients with Enhanced or Suppressed Fibrinolysis
Authors: Tsuchida Takumi , Hayakawa Mineji , Kumano Osamu
Published: August 2023

Introduction Recently, clot-fibrinolysis waveform analysis (CFWA), which is a coagulation and fibrinolysis global assay based on assessing the activated partial thromboplastin time with tissue-type plasminogen activator, was developed. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of CFWA using plasma samples from patients in the critical care unit.

Materials and Methods The fibrinolysis times using CFWA were measured in 298 plasma samples. These samples were divided into three groups based on the reference interval (RI) of fibrinolysis time using CFWA: shortened group, less than RI; within group, within RI; prolonged group, more than RI. The coagulation and fibrinolysis markers, including D-dimer, plasmin–α2 plasmin inhibitor complex (PIC), fibrin monomer complex (FMC), plasmin–α2 plasmin inhibitor (α2-PI), plasminogen (Plg), and fibrinogen (Fbg) were analyzed and compared among the three groups.

Results The FMC level decreased in the order of shortened, within, and prolonged groups, and the decrease was statistically significant among all three group pairs. The opposite tendency was observed for Fbg and fibrinolysis-related markers of α2-PI and Plg, and significant differences were recognized in all pair comparisons except for between within and prolonged groups in Plg. The mean values of the fibrinolysis markers D-dimer and PIC in all three groups were higher than the cut-off values, and the PIC value differed significantly between the within and prolonged groups.

Conclusion The fibrinolysis reaction was detected in all three groups, but the status differed. CFWA has the potential to reflect the fibrinolysis status in one global assay.
A Novel Risk Prediction Score for Clinically Significant Bleeding in Patients Anticoagulated for Venous Thromboembolism with Active Cancer
Authors: Cohen Alexander T. , Wallenhorst Christopher , Choudhuri Satarupa , Nassar Ayman , Pollock Kevin G. , Martinez Carlos
Published: August 2023

Background Cancer-associated venous thromboembolism (Ca-VTE) treatment with anticoagulation is associated with bleeding complications and there are limited data on risk factors. Current models do not provide accurate bleeding risk prediction.

Methods UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink data (2008–2020) were used to generate a cohort of patients with anticoagulant initiation for first Ca-VTE. Patients were observed up to 180 days for significant bleeding including major bleeding and clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding requiring hospitalization (CRNMB-H). A scoring scheme was developed from sub-distribution hazard ratios, and its discrimination (expressed by the C-statistic) estimated from cross-validation.

Results A total of 15,749 patients with Ca-VTE and anticoagulant treatment were included. In total, 537 significant bleeding events, 161 major bleeds, and 376 CRNMB-H were identified after adjudicated review in 4,914 person-years of observation. Incidence rates of 3.3 and 7.7 per 100 person-years were noted for major bleeding and CRNMB-H. Independent predictors of significant bleeding included cancer of the bladder, central nervous system, cervix, kidney, melanoma, prostate and upper gastrointestinal tract, metastases, minor surgery, minor trauma, and history of major bleeding or CRNMB (before or after the Ca-VTE diagnosis). Patients recognized as low, medium, and high risk (30.4, 56.8, and 1.7% of the population, respectively) had a 6-month significant bleeding incidence rate of 5.1, 19.0, and 56.5 per 100 person-years, respectively. Overall C-statistic for significant bleeding was 0.70 (95% confidence interval: 0.65–0.75), and 0.76 (0.68–0.84) and 0.67 (0.61–0.73) for major bleeding and for CRNMB-H, respectively.

Conclusion This risk score may identify patients at risk of significant bleeding, while also helping to determine treatment duration.
Gut Microbiome-Centered Therapies for Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease
Authors: Ranjbarian Tannaz , Schnabl Bernd
Published: August 2023

Globally, liver disease caused by alcohol is becoming more prevalent each year. Misuse of alcohol causes a spectrum of liver diseases, such as liver steatosis, steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The cornerstone of treatment is abstinence from alcohol. In spite of this, available treatment for alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) shows limited effectiveness currently. There are numerous ways in which alcohol disrupts the gut–liver axis, including dysbiosis of the gut microbiome, disruption of mucus and epithelial cell barriers, impaired production of antimicrobial molecules, and dysfunction of the immune system, causing translocation of viable microbes and microbial products to the liver and systemic circulation. Microbial exposure results in not only inflammation and progression of liver disease but also infections in late-stage ALD. This led scientists to focus their therapeutic strategies and targets for ALD on the gut microbiome. Throughout this review, we address the role of gut microbiome–centered therapeutic approaches for ALD focusing predominantly on randomized controlled trials. We will summarize the latest clinical trials using probiotics, antibiotics, and fecal microbial transplants in modulating the gut–liver axis and for improvement of ALD.
Protective Effect and Mechanism of Autophagy in Endothelial Cell Injury Induced by Hyperoxia
Authors: Zhu Xiaodan , He Shasha , Zhang Rong , Kang Lan , Lei Xiaoping , Dong Wenbin
Published: July 2023

Objective Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a chronic lung disease in premature infants with alveolar simplification and pulmonary vascular development disorder as the main pathological feature and hyperoxia as the main etiology. Autophagy is a highly conserved cytological behavior of self-degrading cellular components and is accompanied by oxidative stress. Studies have reported that autophagy is regulated by FOXO1 posttranslational modification. However, whether autophagy can be involved in the regulation of endothelial cell injury induced by hyperoxia and its mechanism are still unclear.

Study Design We have activated and inhibited autophagy in human umbilical vein endothelial cells under hyperoxia and verified the role of autophagy in endothelial cell-related functions from both positive and negative aspects.

Results Our research showed that the expression level of autophagy-related proteins decreased, accompanied by decreased cell migration ability and tube formation ability and increased cell reactive oxygen species level and cell permeability under hyperoxia conditions. Using an autophagy agonist alleviated hyperoxia-induced changes and played a protective role. However, inhibition of autophagy aggravated the cell damage induced by hyperoxia. Moreover, the decrease in autophagy proteins was accompanied by the upregulation of FOXO1 phosphorylation and acetylation.

Conclusion We concluded that autophagy was a protective mechanism against endothelial cell injury caused by hyperoxia. Autophagy might participate in this process by coregulating posttranslational modifications of FOXO1.

Key Points
Virtues and shortcomings of guidance and tutoring in higher education: a longitudinal study of the TIMONEL Project
Authors: Pantoja-Vallejo Antonio , Martín-Romera Ana , Pueyo-Villa Silvia , Berrios-Aguayo Beatriz
Published: July 2023

This research is established within the framework of Project TIMONEL, developing in three phases under a concurrent mixed research model. The ultimate goal was to create a Web Recommendation System (RS) to complete the tutorial and guidance work of university professors. Both qualitative and quantitative data are collected from a large sample of students and professors from different European universities on the needs and situation of guidance practice (phase 1). In addition, certain cases are investigated and the reasons, knowledge, feelings and good practices in guidance and tutoring are explored, in order to identify opportunities for improvement and elements that enable the design of the RS (phase 2). The data collected in the first and second phases of project development were used to finally build a SR capable of receiving feedback from user contributions (phase 3). Finally, the SR was evaluated, proving to be a tool of great use for university students and faculty.
Band gap energy and near infrared to ultraviolet complex optical properties of single crystal TbScO3
Authors: Amonette Emily , Dulal Prabin , Sotir Dylan , Barone Matthew , Schlom Darrell , Podraza Nikolas J.
Published: August 2023

TbScO3 is a wide bandgap semiconductor with potential applications in charge trap memory devices and acts as an alternate gate dielectric in fully depleted transistors and also a substrate for epitaxial thin film growth. TbScO3 has an orthorhombic crystal structure, which gives rise to optical anisotropy. Generalized ellipsometric spectra are measured for multiple in-plane rotations of (110) and (001) oriented TbScO3 single crystals over a photon energy range of 0.7–8.5 eV to determine the complex dielectric function (ε = ε1 + iε2) spectra for electric fields oscillating along each axis. A direct bandgap is identified at 6.50 eV, and above gap critical point transitions are found at 6.99, 7.14, 7.16, 7.21, and 7.42 eV.
Kilohertz-range electric field calibration in an alkali vapor cell using time-averaged Stark shifts
Authors: Lim Michael J. , Cervantes Marc , Brady Cameron , McPoyle Shawn , Simmermon John
Published: August 2023

We present a model-independent experimental method for calibrating the amplitude of a low-frequency electric field in an alkali vapor cell. Three-photon excitation to a Rydberg state in atomic rubidium produces an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) signal that is sensitive to low-frequency fields originating outside the cell. We superpose the measured shape of the EIT resonance in the presence of an electric field with the expected line shape, obtained by numerically time-averaging the effect of the DC-Stark shift. The value of the fractional field amplitude transmission, caused by Faraday screening by the metallic rubidium layer on the cell interior, is a direct result of this comparison. A transmission spectrum is obtained by making measurements between 0 and 100 kHz, which demonstrates high-pass filtering behavior described by two cutoff frequencies. Independently, finite-element simulation provides supporting evidence of the accuracy of the measurement, which is responsive to the nonuniform alkali distribution on the vapor cell wall. In combination with recent advances in the sensitivity of low-frequency electrometry, this may improve absolute, free-space measurements of weak, low-frequency electric fields that are of interest in basic and applied research.
Flow-switching and mixing phenomena in electroosmotic flows of viscoelastic fluids
Authors: Khan Mohd Bilal , Hamid Faheem , Ali Nazim , Mehandia Vishwajeet , Sasmal C.
Published: August 2023

The present study uses numerical simulations and experiments to investigate the electroosmotic flows of viscoelastic fluids through a microchannel containing a cylindrical obstacle. As the electric field strength gradually increases, the flow dynamics within this microfluidic setup becomes chaotic and fluctuating. Notably, numerical simulations reveal a flow-switching phenomenon in viscoelastic fluids when the applied electric field strength exceeds a critical value, which is absent in simple Newtonian fluids under identical conditions. Corresponding experiments confirm these observations. Additionally, this study demonstrates the successful mixing of two viscoelastic fluids using the flow-switching phenomenon within the present microfluidic setup. To gain insight into the dynamics of coherent flow structures arising from the flow-switching phenomenon and their impact on the mixing process, data-driven dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) analysis is employed. Importantly, the DMD analysis uncovers the presence of upstream elastic instability, which is not discernible through traditional velocity or concentration field plots. Overall, this study aims to advance our understanding of the electrokinetic flow behavior of viscoelastic fluids in complex systems like porous media. Furthermore, it proposes a relatively simple and fabricable microfluidic technique for efficiently mixing viscoelastic fluids.
MBX: A many-body energy and force calculator for data-driven many-body simulations
Authors: Riera Marc , Knight Christopher , Bull-Vulpe Ethan F. , Zhu Xuanyu , Agnew Henry , Smith Daniel G. A. , Simmonett Andrew C. , Paesani Francesco
Published: August 2023

Many-Body eXpansion (MBX) is a C++ library that implements many-body potential energy functions (PEFs) within the “many-body energy” (MB-nrg) formalism. MB-nrg PEFs integrate an underlying polarizable model with explicit machine-learned representations of many-body interactions to achieve chemical accuracy from the gas to the condensed phases. MBX can be employed either as a stand-alone package or as an energy/force engine that can be integrated with generic software for molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulations. MBX is parallelized internally using Open Multi-Processing and can utilize Message Passing Interface when available in interfaced molecular simulation software. MBX enables classical and quantum molecular simulations with MB-nrg PEFs, as well as hybrid simulations that combine conventional force fields and MB-nrg PEFs, for diverse systems ranging from small gas-phase clusters to aqueous solutions and molecular fluids to biomolecular systems and metal-organic frameworks.
Exploring the influence of oxygen vacancy on the transport behavior of Ba1-xLaxSnO3 epitaxial films at different doping regimes
Authors: Zhang Jinfu , Liu Ningtao , Zhang Wenrui , Ye Jichun
Published: August 2023

La-doped BaSnO3 (BLSO) exhibits promising applications in oxide electronic devices, owing to its high electron mobility and good thermal stability. The introduction of extrinsic La dopants could actively interact with the formation of intrinsic oxygen vacancies in BLSO films, which collectively influence the resulting transport behavior. However, it is not clear which factor plays a dominant role when the La dopant ratio varies. Here, we fabricate BLSO films at lightly doped (0.2%) and heavily doped (7%) regimes and perform a systematic investigation on the oxygen vacancy impact on structure, optical, and transport properties of these BLSO films. It is revealed that the BLSO films grown at an ozone environment show larger strain and lower oxygen vacancy concentrations for all investigated dopant ratios. More importantly, the introduction of ozone decreases the mobility and the carrier concentration of both lightly doped and heavily doped films. This study reveals that the presence of oxygen vacancies enhances the carrier concentration and electron mobility, which is independent of the La dopant ratio, and provides an effective strategy for optimizing the electrical properties of BLSO films.
Focal plane array based on HgTe nanocrystals with photovoltaic operation in the short-wave infrared
Authors: Alchaar Rodolphe , Khalili Adrien , Ledos Nicolas , Dang Tung Huu , Lebreton Maxime , Cavallo Mariarosa , Bossavit Erwan , Zhang Huichen , Prado Yoann , Lafosse Xavier , Parahyba Victor , Potet Pierre , Darson David , Lhuillier Emmanuel
Published: August 2023

Thanks to their remarkable spectral tunability across the entire infrared range, HgTe nanocrystals present a unique platform for designing infrared optoelectronic devices. While in recent years most of the significant advances in this domain have been made on devices at the single-pixel level, there is a growing trend toward exploring the potential of this material for imaging applications. However, until recently, focal plane arrays based on HgTe colloidal nanocrystals have been limited to the photoconductive mode, which is inherently associated with a large dark current. In this work, we demonstrate a diode stack compatible with a readout integrated circuit whose back-end processing has been optimized to ensure compatibility with a complete diode stack deposition. The diode design is also optimized to generate a Fabry–Pérot cavity in which 50% of the light is effectively absorbed at the band edge. Finally, taking benefit from the full video graphics array format, high-resolution images are taken.