bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acute Coronary Syndrome in Renal Transplant Recipients, A Retrospective Study
Authors: Tassaduq Khan Muhammad , Hamid Rashid Bin , Lal Naranjan , Rashid Sidrah , Hameed Beenish , Shah Syeda Anam , Syed Tatheer
Published: December 2023

Background:Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is associated with instant decreased flow of blood to heart causing cardiac arrest in some cases. In renal transplantrecipients it is one of the major reasons for complications and death. Objectives:To determine the frequency of ACS in Renal Transplant Recipients (RTR). Methodology: This retrospective study was carried out at a public kidney center in which data of patients was included from 2017 to 2022. This included previously recorded data of 450 renal transplant recepients (RTR) from a public hospital over a period of five years.Patients between 15-70 years of age of either gender admitted for renal transplant patient were included in the study. Patients with pre-existing acute coronary syndrome or with incomplete data were excluded from the study. SPSS version 23.0 was used for data analysis. For qualitative variables, mean and standard deviation were reported while for quantitative variables, frequency and percentages were reported. Results: The findings showed that RTR were predominently male 342(76%) versus female 108(24%) from total of 450. Age wise middle aged patients were high in number 142 (31.56%). Acute Coronary Syndrome was reported in 15 (3.33%) patients. Death occured in 09 (1.86%) RTR patients of ACS. Readmission for up to 30 days were 83 (18.44%) patients, out of which 4 (4.82%) were for ACS, 3 (75%) for NSTEMI and 1 (25%) for STEMI. Conclusion: Based on this research findigs it is concluded that ACS in RTR is worth considering a problem. Keywords: Acute Coronary Syndrome, Renal Transplant Recipients, Renal Transplantation, Cardiovascular Event
“Frequency of Meningitis in Children Aged 06 Months to 59 Months Presenting with First Episode of Fits with Fever in Pediatric Emergency Department”
Authors: Mustafa Anum , Mustafa Aiza , Rahman Razi Ur , Iqbal Rozina , Parkash Oam , Siddiqui Ariba
Published: December 2023

Objective: The study was aimed to determine the frequency of bacterial meningitis in children aged six months to 5 years presenting with fever and fits for the first time in emergency department. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted at the Aga Khan Hospital Karachi and its secondary hospitals including Kharadar, Hyderabdad, Garden, Karimabad sites. Using a non-probability consecutive sampling method the data was collected from 135 children over a period of 12 month from august 2019 to April 2020. In this study, we included the male and female children aged between 6 month to 60 months, Children presenting with fever and first episode of seizure, CSF examination done prior for inclusion in the study. Results: Out of 135 children in the study, 71 (52.30%) children were male, 51(38.46%) were aged between 6months to 24 years, 55(40%) children were in age range 13 to 36 months, 69 (51.50 %) children were completely immunized, 33 (24.60 %) partially immunized. Out of of 135 children ,130 (96%) presents with fits less than 15 minutes duration, whereas 5(4%) children presented with fits more than 15 min duration. Among 50(37%) children who were meningitis positive, 8(6%) were bacterial, 13(10%) were viral and 29 (21%) were partially treated meningitis. Conclusion: Substantial number of children presented with seizures had meningitis. Significant proportion of unimmunized children presenting with seizures had meningitis. , 8(6%) reported with bacterial Meningitis Keywords: Febrile Seizures, Meningitis, Bacterial Meningitis
Comparison Between Short Term Outcomes of Lichtenstein and Desarda Repair for Inguinal Hernia
Authors: Mirza Natasha Kanwal , Ali Imran , Rasheed Zahid , Rizwan Muhammad , Naz Gul , Hameed Fawad
Published: December 2023

Desarda repair for inguinal hernia repair came into being in 2001 and was an alternative to the Lichtenstein repair where mesh placement is necessary. The procedure is thought to be simple, reproducible and avoids the complications of a mesh and thus favorable for resource limited countries. Aim of the study was to compare short term outcomes of Lichtenstein versus Desarda repair for inguinal hernia in terms of mean post-operative pain and frequency of post-operative wound infection, scrotal edema and hematoma. Methodology: This RCT was conducted at Surgical Unit I, Fatima Jinnah Medical University, Lahore. Diagnosis of inguinal hernia was confirmed on clinical examination and per-operative findings. Two groups were formed with one undergoing Desarda repair and one Lichtenstein repair. Post-operative scrotal edema and hematoma formation, pain scores and wound infection were recorded and evaluated for both groups. Results: The overall incidence of scrotal edema was 5.0% (n=3) with 6.7% in Lichtenstein group and 3.3% in Desarda repair group. The overall incidence of hematoma formation was 0% (n=0), and the overall wound infection rate was also 0%. The overall mean for pain score for all study participants was 2.73 S.D 1.36. Mean pain score in Desarda repair was 2.13 S.D 1.30 and 3.33 S.D 1.15 for Lichtenstein group (p-value 0.001). Conclusion: Desarda repair is an economical repair especially for resource-limited countries and should be undertaken in place of a Lichtenstein repair where mesh cost and availability poses a problem. The Desarda repair has a better morbidity profile than the Lichtenstein repair and with more data generation may have a place to become the standard open inguinal hernia repair technique. Keywords: Desarda Repair; Lichtenstein Repair; Short-term outcomes
Accuracy and Clinical Utility Evaluation of Surgical Techniques for the Management of Kidney Stones. Efficacy and Complications
Authors: . Shahjehan , Altaf Maaz Bin , Shah Syed Ameroon , Zaidi Maham Arooj , Islam Khaid , Ullah Faheem
Published: December 2023

Background: 200 patients at the Department of Urology, IKD Peshawar, were evaluated for their accuracy and clinical value in treating kidney stones. The characteristics of the patient population, surgical management techniques, therapeutic effectiveness, and postoperative complications were evaluated. Results demonstrated that the majority of surgical procedures had favorable results. Infection was the most typical postoperative consequence in 4% of the patients. These findings imply that surgical procedures to treat kidney stones are an effective alternative with excellent therapeutic value and a low risk of complications. More study is required to validate and build upon these results in a larger patient population.
Molecular Analysis and Prenatal Diagnosis of Segregating Β-Thalassemia
Authors: Ishfaq Jawaria , Khan Amir Hamza , Khan Binish Sarwar , Aziz Tariq , Khalid Faizan , Noureen Asia , Ali Babar
Published: December 2023

Aims: This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the status of β-thalassemia mutational screening and prenatal diagnosis techniques in Pakistan, with a specific focus on understanding their implications for disease diagnosis and management. Methods: Blood and fetal samples were meticulously collected from three families affected by β-thalassemia. Employing the advanced Amplification Refractory Mutation System (ARMS) PCR technique, DNA isolation and amplification were carried out, leading to the identification of the three most prevalent β-thalassemia mutations—IVS-I-5, -619bp, and FSC 8-9—within these familial contexts. Results: The study unveiled the presence of the three predominant β-thalassemia mutations IVS-I-5, -619bp, and FSC 8-9 in the collected samples. These findings hold significant implications for the improvement of β-thalassemia diagnosis and management. Practical Implications: The identification of these common mutations has the potential to streamline genetic testing and prenatal diagnosis, potentially reducing β-thalassemia cases. Additionally, mutation analysis provides valuable insights into the disorder's pathophysiology, enabling informed decisions and targeted genetic counseling for affected families to minimize transmission risk. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study constitutes a pivotal advancement in the ongoing efforts to mitigate the profound impact of β-thalassemia, both within Pakistan and on a broader global scale. By not only pinpointing the prevalent mutations responsible for the disorder but also delving into the techniques for diagnosis, the research lays a robust foundation for the enhancement of disease management strategies and preventive measures. Keywords: β-thalassemia; Chorionic villus sampling; ARMS PCR; Prenatal diagnosis; Mutation analysis; Disease prevention; Genetic counseling.
Frequency and Pattern of Medicolegal Cases at Lahore General Hospital: Implications for the Legal and Medical System
Authors: Zarif Pervaiz , Faraz Muhammad Ahmad , Ijaz Mariam , Gul Fareeha , Gondal Abdur Rahman Ishtiaq , Bandesha Faisal Naeem
Published: December 2023

Objective: Medicolegal cases constitute a significant workload of cases presenting to a public hospital. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and pattern of medicolegal cases brought to the Forensic Medicine Department of Lahore General Hospital, Lahore. Method: A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out at the Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Department of Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore. Data was collected from medicolegal registers, and variables such as age, sex, month-by-month distribution, type of case, type of weapon, reporting time, police station, and the possibility of fabrication were analysed. Results: A total of 4288 cases were reported between 1st January 2021 and 31st December 2021. Most cases (76.6%) were male; the mean age was 29.64 ± 11.86 years. Cases of physical assault accounted for 83.1% of the total cases, followed by sexual abuse (4.7%) and firearm (4.1%). Blunt weapons were commonly used (81.1%). Most cases (83.5%) were reported for medicolegal examination within 24 hours of an incident. The most cases were registered in May, and the police station Kahna had the most reported cases (25.3%). Fabrication was reported in 5.3% of cases. Conclusion: The study provides valuable insights into the workload and patterns of medico-legal cases in Lahore. The findings highlight the need for strategies to improve the medico-legal system, including timely and accurate reporting of cases. Law enforcement authorities can utilise the information to identify potential risk areas and implement preventive measures. Keywords: Assault, Blunt trauma, Injuries, Forensic Medicine, Firearm
Correlation of Cultural Intelligence and Communication Skills of Pre and Post Covid Cohort Dental House Officers at Tertiary Care Hospital in Pakistan
Authors: Manji Salima Naveed , Imtiaz Muhammad , Anwar Malik Adeel , Mehmood Khizer , Noor Maria , Ahmad Shahzad , Muzaffar Romaysha
Published: December 2023

Objective: The present study aims to determine the correlation between cultural intelligence & communication skills of Pre and Post Covid Cohort of Dental House officers (DHOs) at Tertiary Care Hospital, Lahore Pakistan. Materials and Methods: The two-phase self–completion validated questionnaire-based correlational study was conducted on 120 dental house officers in two phases which includes Cultural Intelligence Scale (CQS) and Galasko Communication Skills Scale (GCSS) followed by dental house officer CQ & CS assessment via dentist-patient interaction done on ACIR communication skills scale. 60 DHOs were those who were given face-to-face patient interaction there was no COVID lockdown restriction are considered as Pre Covid Cohort. However, 60 DHOs were those who didn’t get the opportunity of face-to-face interaction with the patients due to COVID lockdown thus considered as Post Covid Cohort. Data were collected and entered in the excel sheet and transferred to SPSS for statistical analysis. SPSS 26.0 version was used. Results: Statistically significant differences between pre and post covid HOs responses and later their interaction with patients was found. The Pearson collection of CQ & CS in pre covid was 0.687 whereas the Pearson collection of CQ & CS in post covid was 0.549. Conclusion: Overall results indicate that face-to-face patient interactions, professional education on these competencies, reflective practice, and role modeling, with clearly associated learning objectives and assessments, will improve future cultural intelligence and communication skills curricula in oral and dental health programs thus emphasizing the need to include CQ & CS contents in formal dental curricula. Keywords: Cultural intelligence, Communication skills, dental house officers, virtual learning
Assessing Public Awareness of the Knowledge and Clubfoot about the Importance of the Treatment of Early Childhood
Authors: Sadiq Babar Shahzad , Khan Asghar , Hassan Mubashir
Published: December 2023

Background: With early attention, clubfoot is a disorder that can be treated and managed. However, a lack of knowledge regarding clubfoot among the general public may result in a delay in receiving treatment. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with survey poll included Hazara Division (Abbottabad, Mansehra, Haripur, Battagram, Upper Kohistan, Kolai-Palas, Lower Kohistan) residents and lasted six-months, from June 2022 to December 2022. The population of this study was the all participants who faced the issues of prognosis, and clubfoot and online survey was created by orthopedic specialists to gather information on the public knowledge of treatment options, prognosis, and clubfoot risk factors. Regardless of whether they were familiar with someone who had clubfoot, the target demographic was made up of persons from all age groups and both sexes in the general community. A team of orthopaedic specialists created a questionnaire to gather information on the general public's knowledge of clubfoot risk factors, treatments, and prognoses. Pilot research using the sample of the 80 individuals who aren’t the part of main study was used to undertake initial evaluation of the questionnaire. Based on the comments from pilot test, questionnaire was modified. The data was obtained from selected participants and data was analyzed in SPSS. Results: The online survey was finished by 746 individuals by the end of the research period from June 2022 to December 2022. A total of 520 respondents (69.7%) said they were unaware of clubfoot syndrome. 40 (5.4%) participants had a child having clubfoot syndrome, and the 34 (4.6 percent) were informed of the clubfoot since they themselves had a child with condition. Social media platforms were the most often used resource by respondents 284 (38.1%) for learning about clubfoot, followed by family and friends 148 (19.9 percent). Hereditary and genetic problems 435 (58.4%) and neurological abnormalities were the most commonly cited causes of clubfoot 297 (39.9 percent). Practical implication: The current study was employed to determine how well the general population understood clubfoot and the benefits of early therapeutic intervention. Conclusions: The findings indicate that there is little awareness of the clubfoot, which may be a result of a dearth of awareness programmes. In order to encourage patients to seek early treatment, we advise raising awareness of clubfoot using social media and open campaigns in the strategic locations, such as malls. This is vital since earlier treatment of the clubfoot is less intrusive and the results in the better patient’s results when accompanied with regular follow-up. Keywords: Awareness, Clubfoot, Perception, Congenital deformity, Foot deformity, Talipes equinovarus
Dental Treatment and Quality of Life in Rare Syndromes
Authors: Rana Mehmood Ahmad , Akram Anam , Husain Danial , Iqbal Humara , Said Waheed , Khan Saqib Mahmood
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Rare syndromes encompass a diverse group of genetically inherited disorders, each characterized by a unique combination of clinical features and underlying genetic anomalies Objectives: The main objective of the study is to find the dental treatment and quality of life in rare syndromes Material and methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted from January 2022 to January 2023 atBakhtawar Amin Medical and Dental college Multan, involving a total of 120 participants diagnosed with various rare syndromes.A purposive sampling method was employed to recruit participants, where individuals with rare syndromes receive specialized care. Inclusion criteria consisted of individuals aged 6 to 40 years with a confirmed diagnosis of a rare syndrome. Exclusion criteria encompassed individuals with cognitive impairments that hindered self-reporting, those with severe medical conditions precluding dental treatment, and participants who did not provide informed consent Results: A total of 120 participants diagnosed with rare syndromes were included in the study. The age distribution ranged from 6 to 40 years, with a mean age of 22.8 ± 8.6 years. The gender distribution included 62 males (51.7%) and 58 females (48.3%) Conclusion: It is concluded that this study highlights the transformative impact of tailored dental treatment interventions on the quality of life of individuals with rare syndromes. Addressing dental anomalies through multidisciplinary collaboration can alleviate functional limitations, pain, and psychosocial challenges, ultimately enhancing overall well-being. Keywords: Dental treatment, Quality , Life, Rare Syndrome, Diagnosis
Frequency of Anemia in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Usman Muhammad , Javed Bader , Ahmed Arslan , Muneeb Muhammad , Chatha Zanib Javed , Nigar Afsheen
Published: December 2023

Introduction: The WHO defines anemia as a condition wherein the hemoglobin level falls below 13 grams per liter in males and 12 grams per liter in females. It is a process that involves supplying the body with oxygen, and it is relevant for the management of acute coronary syndrome. The prevalence of this condition is highly variable globally, and it has been observed in around 10 to 58% of all cases. This study was conducted to evaluate the frequncy of this condition in patients with ACS. Methodology: The research was conducted between December 1, 2020, and May 31, 2021, at the Punjab Institute of Cardiology in Lahore. Men and women between the ages of 30 and 70 who presented with ACS were included in the study. Patients with end-stage liver disease, malignancy, or anemia due to any other cause i.e. aplastic anemia, hemolytic anemia, or anemia of chronic disease were excluded. Detailed clinical and socio-demographic information was collected in age, gender, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia recorded on a predesigned proforma. Then 5 ml of venous sample was drawn for each case and their hemoglobin level was assessed by using Certeza HB-101 (Germany) machine and anemia was labeled. Results: Participants' ages from 30 to 70 years old, with the mean age being 55.9. Seventy-two percent of the patients were between the ages of 51 and 70. The gender breakdown of the 76 patients was 58 men (76.32%) and 18 girls (23.68%). Twenty-two individuals (28.95%) were discovered to have anemia with their Acute Coronary Syndrome. Practical Implication: The advice that high-risk individuals with acute coronary syndrome be screened for anemia and treated promptly if they are found to have the condition. Conclusion: This study concluded that there is high frequency of anemia in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Keywords: Acute Coronary Syndrome, Anemia, Mortality, Coronary artery disease,
An Observationa Study on the Role of Zinc Sulphate in Paracetamol Toxicity
Authors: Afzal Muhammad , Tariq Saeed Akbar , Ahmad Bilal , Khan Rashid Mahmood , Tariq Muaaz
Published: December 2023

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the role of Zinc Sulphate as an agent of hepatoprotective in the acetaminophen-induced changes of histopathological nature in the model of animals. Methodology: The design of this study was observational study design. This study was conducted at Allied Hospital Faisalabad and the duration of this study was from April 2022 to July 2022. Our research sample was 90 albino rats with the range of weight from 18 – 32 grams and we made three groups each group consisting of thirty albino rats. Control group was A group and normal saline level was maintained in this group as 0.9%; acetaminophen was given (250 mg / kg) in B group through a single dose; Zinc Sulphate (1 – 5 mg / kg) was given to C group for a duration of 1 – 7 days before the acetaminophen (250 mg / kg) Sigle dose. After the six hours’ duration was conducted biochemical studies after giving acetaminophen to albino rats. At last step of the treatment weight of all animals was checked at than sacrificed. Histopathological and gross examination was carried out for liver and statistical evaluation of the data was carried out through Chi-Square test. Results: Demonstration of the zinc’s protective effect was made through serum concentration reduction level of the enzymes of liver such as aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase and serum sorbitol dehydrogenase, including the histopathological centrilobular congestion changes, necrosis and hepatocellular degeneration. We observed through the histopathological evaluation that typical changes in pathological environment of centri-zonal necrosis, leukocyte infiltration, steatosis, edema in animals and portal tiraditos those were treated only with acetaminophen. Animal pretreatment through zinc sulphate lead the whole procedure to dependent on the dose for the avoidance of various changes. Practical Implication: In the practical implication of this study the determination of the Zinc Sulphate role as an agent of hepatoprotective in the acetaminophen-induced changes of histopathological nature in the model of animals. Conclusion: It is concluded that Zinc is responsible for the production of hepato-protective effect with the prevention of ultrastructural hepatic tissue injuries and also causes free amino acid metabolism disturbance which is a result of the acetaminophen toxic dose. Keywords: Acetaminophen, Zinc, Liver Toxicity And Hepato-Protective Effect.
Indications and Complication of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy at a Tertiary Care Setting in Sindh Province: A Cross Sectional Survey
Authors: Wadho Sasui , Kumari Pooja , Shaikh Nargis , Bhatti Nadia , Shaikh Abdul Ghani , Naper Mohammad Ali
Published: December 2023

Objective: The study was aimed to-evaluate the indications and-complications-of the laparoscopic cholecystectomy at a tertiary care setting in sindh province. Background: The-hepato-biliary-system is affected by a wide range of illnesses known as gall bladder diseases, each of which has a unique clinical presentation and degree of morbidity. The majority of adult populations in Western nations are affected by cholelithiasis, which affects 5% to 25% of the adult population. Initially, people from developing nations had little access to the advantages of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out at the surgical dept Chandka Medical College Hospital Larkana for a period of 6 months in 2020 which included patients who went through laparoscopic cholecystectomy were included in the study, however, the patients having a history of previous abdominal surgery, hepatobiliary carcinoma , challenges ejection fraction, patients with coagulopathies and those reactive for HbsAg or HCV antibodies were excluded from the study. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 43.8± 9.67 years. There were 93.7% of study participants were females, 18.6% were diabetic and 26.5%) were hypertensive. 41.81% patients were aged between 30 to 40 years. The indications for the cholecystectomy included Symptomatic cholelithiasis for 148 (83.62%) cases, acute cholecystitis for 24(13.56%) cases and gall bladder polyp for 5 (2.82%) cases. There were 11 (6.21%) cases which needed to be converted to open cholecystectomy. Bile leaking was reported in 8 (4.52%) cases and injury to liver/intestine were reported for 3 (1.69%) cases. Conclusion: In a setting of a developing country, -laparoscopic-cholecystectomy-looks to be a safe and-effective treatment with few complications. Keywords: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, Indications, Complications, cholelithiasis.
Causes and Characteristics of Traumatic Tympanic Membrane Perforation in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Ijaz Muhammad Toseef , Shaikh Tarique Ali , Shafiq Aisha , Shahzad Muhammad Ali Khurram , Ali Sajid , Saeed Khalid
Published: December 2023

Background: Due to human violence, perforation of the tympanic membrane is a frequent occurrence all over the world. The abrupt increase in air pressure in the external auditory canal is the pathophysiology of traumatic tympanic membrane perforation. Objective: To assess the causes and characteristics of traumatic Tympanic Membrane perforation in a tertiary care hospital Methodology: The current study was cross sectional study, conducted at the ENT Department of Sahara Medical College Narowal from January 2022 to July 2022. All the patients were examined by a sing ENT specialist and data was recorded on a pre-designed performa. All the analysis of data was done by IBM SPSS version 23. Results: In the current study, totally 80 patients were enrolled. There were 50 (62.5%) male patients while female patients were 30 (37.5%). The mean age in our study was 28 (4.29) years. The most common type of tympanic membrane perforation was slap in 56 (70%) patients followed by blast injury in 8 (10%) patients. On left side of ear, perforation of the Tympanic membrane was observed in 39 (48.75%) patients. Based on number of perforation, single perforation was observed in 72 (90%) patients while multiple perforations were observed in 8 (10%) patients. Conductive hearing loss was observed in 62 (77.5%) patients and Mild Hearing Loss was observed in 44 (55%) patients. Conclusion: Young males, particularly those between the ages of 18 and 30, often have traumatic tympanic membrane perforation. The most frequent cause of traumatic perforation was slap, which affects the left ear more frequently than the right ear. The most common type of hearing loss was conductive, and mild. Keywords: Causes; characteristics; Tympanic Membrane perforation
Comparative analysis of Maklakov and automated ocular tonometry methods of intraocular pressure measurement
Authors: Chuprov A. D. , Pidodniy E. A. , Trubnikov V. A.
Published: December 2023

PURPOSE. To study the factors affecting the results of intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement by different ocular tonometry methods.

MATERIAL AND METHODS. The study involved 72 patients (128 eyes) aged 22 to 86 years. IOP was measured in all patients using Corvis ST tonometer, Topcon ST-800 pneumotonometer, iCare IC 100 portable tonometer, and Maklakov applanation tonometer. The results of IOP measurements were analyzed depending on the following factors: age, gender, presence of glaucoma or suspicion for glaucoma, presence of refractive errors, axial length of the eye, thickness of the cornea.

RESULTS. The greatest difference in IOP values was observed between the Maklakov method (tonometric IOP) and iCare IC 100 device (true IOP). In some cases (9–22%), tonometric IOP obtained using the Maklakov method was equal or lower than the values obtained with other methods.

Results of the correlation analysis confirmed the high correlation of the IOP values obtained with Topcon CT-800, iCare IC 100 and Corvis. On the other hand, IOP values obtained with the Maklakov method had lower correlation dependence with IOP values obtained using other tono metry methods. The strongest correlation of IOP and corneal thickness was observed when using Topcon CT-800. The IOP value obtained with the Maklakov method had the lowest correlation dependence with corneal thickness.

CONCLUSION. The lowest correlation dependence of Mak lakov IOP measurements with IOP values obtained using Topcon CT-800, iCare IC 100 and Corvis indicates that the reliability of the Maklakov method significantly depends on the compliance with the examination technique.
Acute glaucoma attack in a patient recovered from coronavirus infection (case report)
Authors: Sokolovskaya T. V. , Gutnik V. N. , Krasnova Е. О.
Published: December 2023

The prevalence of ophthalmic manifestations in COVID-19 ranges from 2 to 32%. The most common ophthalmic disease associated with COVID-19 is viral conjunctivitis, but there are also reports of cases with episcleritis, uveitis, occlusions of the central retinal artery and vein, retinopathy, glaucoma, dry eye syndrome, as well as rare neuroophthalmological manifestations such as diplopia, ophthalmoplegia and nystagmus. This study reports a case of bilateral acute angle-closure glaucoma attack in a patient recovered from severe COVID-19 pneumonia.

PURPOSE. To determine the causes of bilateral acute angle-closure glaucoma attack associated with COVID-19 pneumonia, and to evaluate the effectiveness of laser iridotomy and transciliary drainage of the posterior chamber of the eye.

METHODS. Bilateral acute angle closure glaucoma attack was observed in a female patient recovered from COVID-19 pneumonia. Low hypermetropia and co-existing cataract were diagnosed in both eyes. In order to normalize the IOP and restore visual acuity, laser iridotomy was performed in both eyes, followed by surgical treatment of glaucoma with transciliary drainage of the posterior chamber in both eyes. After that the patient underwent phacoemulsification with implantation of intraocular lenses (IOL) in both eyes.

RESULTS. Laser iridotomy and transciliary drainage of the posterior chamber was performed in both eyes. The target IOP without topical therapy and stabilization of glaucoma were achieved in both eyes. The second step was phacoemulsification with implantation of IOL, which significantly improved visual acuity of both eyes.

CONCLUSION. COVID-19 can lead to vision loss and disability, therefore IOP should be monitored in patients that remain in prone position for ventilation for extended periods of time and receive systemic steroid medications. This is especially relevant for patients with a predisposition to glaucoma or with diagnosed glaucoma.
Features of the reparative process after antiglaucoma surgery
Authors: Iureva T. N. , Malisheva Yu. V.
Published: December 2023

Excessive fibrosis and scarring of newly created aqueous humor outflow pathways, mainly at the level of the intrascleral canal and filtering bleb, is a significant disadvantage of the so-called bleb-dependent antiglaucoma surgery. Taking into account the fact that aqueous humor, which flows evenly through the non-healing fistula under the hermetically sutured conjunctiva, is the forming substrate for the newly created outflow pathways, its composition also plays an important role in the body's response to surgical trauma. A large number of publications reliably demonstrate an increase in the concentration of various biologically active molecules in the aqueous humor of the anterior chamber of glaucoma patients. These are transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukins IL-6 and IL-8, etc., which concentration in cases of unsuccessful outcome of trabeculectomy was significantly increased compared to patients who underwent successful surgeries. In addition, it has been established that an imbalance of various matrix metalloproteinase pools, fibroblast activation, wound infiltration by neutrophils and macrophages, which in turn express a significant amount of pro-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors, contribute to the prolongation of inflammation and fibrosis. An important condition for the removal of aqueous humor from the filtering bleb area is the postoperative activation of conjunctival lymphatic angiogenesis, which suppression may be associated with prolonged inflammation or the active use of cytostatics. This literature review presents the complexities of the pathophysiological mechanisms of postoperative healing and the formation of newly created aqueous humor outflow pathways after antiglaucoma operations. At the same time, the question remains open about the effect of initial changes not only on the tissues of the ocular surface, but also in the aqueous humor of the anterior chamber, as well as the general condition of patients on the outcome of the operation.

The purpose of this review is to present modern literature data on the pathophysiological mechanisms of the wound healing process and the features of postoperative healing regulation after antiglaucoma surgery.
Modern possibilities of functional glaucoma screening (part 1)
Authors: Simakova I. L. , Grigoryan L. A. , Gorbacheva K. S.
Published: December 2023

Nowadays methods of standard and non-standard computerized perimetry using stationary devices are widely used in functional screening of glaucoma. The information about new portable devices for perimetry has appeared in foreign literature in recent years, describing such advantages as economic availability, autonomy and mobility, which open up new possibilities for their use. New possibilities include cloud storage of data, the use of telemedicine technologies, artificial intelligence, examination of patients with disabilities, including those who are bedridden, as well as examination outside of medical institutions. All of this can allow glaucoma patients to receive ophthalmic care when in-person visits are unavailable, including social distancing needed during a pandemic or quarantine. This review of the literature describes the latest portable devices and applications for perimetry, attempts to classify them according to similar parameters, and assesses their advantages and disadvantages, as well as the prospects for their use in functional screening of glaucoma.
قواعد حديثية معاصرة في صفة من تقبل روايته
Authors: ASSIL Yaser
Published: December 2023

الملخص
إن تقنين علم مصطلح الحديث بصيغة مواد قانونية على نموذج يحاكي مجلة الأحكام العدلية يعتبر خدمة مهمة لعلوم الحديث كونه يجعلها من السهولة بمكان بحيث يمكن مراجعتها والاطلاع عليها بسهولة ويسر مما يؤدي الى اقبال الناس على الاستفادة من هذا العلم وبالتالي تنتشر الثقافة الحديثية بين أبناء المجتمع ولا تبقى مقتصرة على أهل الاختصاص فقط مما يؤدي الى تطور الأفكار الحديثية وبالتالي يقدم هذا خدمة مهمة لأجل فهم علوم الدين والاستفادة منها ولأجل تنفيذ هذه الفكرة كانت الدراسات السابقة سواء مما كُتب في علم الفقه أو في علم المصطلح منارة لأجل تطبيق هذه الفكرة لتبصر النور فما قام به مجموعة من العلماء في ظل حكم الدولة العثمانية سنة 1877م بتوجيه من أحمد باشا ( ت: 1895م) من تدوين ستة عشر كتاباً من أبواب الفقه في المجال المدني في اطار بنود قانونية كانت الشعلة الأولى لظهور فكرة القواعد الحديثية ومن هنا كانت البداية ووقع الاختيار على موضوع من المواضيع المهمة في هذا الفن وهو عادة ما يبدأ به الكتاب والمؤلفون وهو صفة من تقبل روايته فكانت القراءة من مصادر متعددة ومن ثم العمل على صياغة واحدة جامعة لمجمل الأفكار هو العمل الأول لتلك الدراسة ومن ثم الاتيان بشواهد لتلك الصياغة من القرآن والسنة والمعقول وشرح لتلك القاعدة بألفاظ بسيطة سهلة من كتب الفن ومن ثم ذكر مصادر الفن التي أوردت تلك الفكرة مع أرقام صفحاتها ثم تدعيم تلك الفكرة بأمثلة تطبيقية وواقعية ذُكرت في بطون الصحاح والسنن وفي كتب الفن فاجتمع كنموذج في الدراسة اثنتا عشرة قاعدة ويمكن اعتبار هذه الدراسة خطوة أولى لجعل كل المواضيع في علم المصطلح على هذا الشكل وبالتالي يمكن في النهاية الخروج بمجلة لقواعد علم المصطلح ولكن هذا يحتاج الى الاستعانة بأفكار أهل الفن وجهودهم لتنفيذ هذا المشروع.وقبل الكلام عن القواعد يمكن التمهيد للبحث بذكر أهم المصادر المعرفة بالقواعد الحديثية مع شرح موجز لكل كتاب من هذه الكتب
Soil fertility in silvopastoral systems integrating tree legumes with signalgrass (Urochloa decumbens Stapf. R. Webster)
Authors: Herrera Angulo Ana María , De Mello Alexandre Carneiro Leão , Apolinário Valéria Xavier de Oliveira , Dubeux Jr José Carlos B. , Mora Robert Emilio , De Freitas Erinaldo Viana
Published: December 2023

Silvopastoral Systems (SPS) can increase overall productivity and generate continuous income in order to stimulate simultaneous growth and development of trees, forage and livestock. Moreover, the SPS with tree legumes would be important for add nutrients to the system, mainly N, and ensure the soil health and quality. Soil properties were assessed in two SPS, implanted in 2011, using tree legumes and Urochloa decumbens Stapf. R. Webster (Signalgrass). Treatments were Signalgrass + Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth (Sabia) and Signalgrass + Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth ex Walp. (Gliricidia), and they were allocated in a randomized complete block design, with three replications. Soil was sampled in 2013, 2017, and 2018, at 0, 4, and 8 m along transects perpendicular to tree double rows, from 0- to 20- and 20- to 40-cm layers. Soil chemical properties included pH, P, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Al3+, H++Al3+, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and base saturation. In addition, light fraction of soil organic matter (LF-SOM), soil basal respiration (SBR), and natural abundance of 13C of the respired CO2 (δ13C-CO2) were analyzed. Soil pH (5.3, 5.2, 5.1), P (11.3, 7.2, 3.6 mg dm-3), and CECeffective (5.8, 5.1, 5.0 cmolc dm-3) decreased (P < 0.05) along the years 2013, 2017, and 2018, respectively. In 2018, the LF-SOM and δ13C-CO2 was greater in Sabia (1.1 g kg-1 and -16.4‰) compared to Gliricidia (0.7 g kg-1 and -18.2‰). Silvopastoral systems reduced soil fertility regardless of the tree legume species used as result of biomass nutrient stock, without maintenance fertilization. Sabia had greater deposition of LF-SOM, without increasing SBR, providing potential for microbial C use efficiency. Enriched C-CO2 isotope composition shows an efficient SOM oxidize in SPS with Gliricidia or Sabia. This information can contribute to the assessments related to CO2 balance and C retention. Both SPS contribute to C sequestration.
Environmental Management and Green Practices in the Construction Industry Across ASEAN Countries: A Comparative Study
Authors: Tie Sing Yi , Emre Mehmet , Bennani Chafiq , Garcia Sebastian , Gaurav  , Maharjan Rabin
Published: December 2023

The construction industry in Southeast Asian countries especially Association of Southeast Asian Nations receive substantial attention and investment for the high return value of the industry. This review aims to assess the environmental impact of the construction industry in ASEAN countries, analyzing current status, government policies, and innovative green materials and technologies to mitigate environmental effects and promote sustainability. It is important to note that construction industry is currently identified as one of the greatest waste production businesses which can cause adverse impacts and pollution to the environment that degrade the environmental quality. Construction and demolition wastes are emphasized and studied in the following context. The status and government policy on environmental management practices in ASEAN countries such as Malaysia, Vietnam and Singapore are reviewed and summarised in this article. Furthermore, green construction materials and green material technologies that are practised in ASEAN countries are examined throughout the study. The green materials include bamboo, recycled concrete aggregate, coconut husk and bagasse while the green material technologies include hydrogen energy, carbon capture and storage, and solar energy are discussed and evaluated with respective advantage and disadvantages.
Demographics and Chemical Preservatives Used by Vegetable and Fruit Retailers Selected Across Markets in Lagos, Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Yahaya Tajudeen , Ukeoma Amarachi , Musa Mohammed , Abdullahi Lukman , Muhammad Abubakar , John Emmanuel
Published: December 2023

Literatures show that several thousands of Nigerians die yearly from poisoning caused by chemical preservatives used for vegetables and fruits. Thus, there is the need to prioritize the safety of vegetables and fruits consumed in every locality in the country. The demographics of 50 vegetable and fruit retailers randomly selected across markets in Lagos, Nigeria, as well as types of chemical preservatives used, were determined in this study. The survey revealed that 32 (64%) of the participants were females, while 18 (36%) were males. Participants with no formal education were 2 (4%), those with primary education were 13 (26%), those with secondary education consisted of 24 (46%), and those with tertiary education made up of 11 members (22%). 16 (32%) participants were Hausa, 13 (26%) participants were Yoruba, 12 (24%) participants were Igbo, and the rest were sub-ethnic groups. 28 (56%) participants use natural methods, while 22 (44.00%) participants use chemical preservatives, mostly pesticides. Of the 22 participants that use chemicals, gammalin-20 was used by 6 (27%) participants, sniper was used by 4 (18%) participants, aluminum phosphide was used by 4 (18%) participants, DDT (otapiapia) was used by 3 (14%) participants, carbide was used by 3 (14%) participants, and brodifacum was used by 2 (9%) participants. Based on these results, there is a significant use of chemical preservatives across markets in Lagos, which can predispose consumers to health hazards. Vegetable and fruit retailers and consumers in the city need to be sensitized on the health threat posed by chemical preservatives.
Impacto da idade da vaca ao parto sobre o peso à desmama e ao sobreano de animais da raça Nelore
Authors: Jesus Ingrid Faustino de , Venturini Guilherme Costa , Figueiredo Fernanda Hvala de , Bittar Eustáquio Rezende , Bittar Joely Ferreira Figueiredo
Published: December 2023

O Brasil é um grande produtor de carne bovina, porém, o aumento constante da produção, e melhoria da eficiência produtiva e reprodutiva da raça Nelore, deve ser o foco. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a existência de interação da idade da vaca sobre o peso a desmama e ao sobreano de seus produtos. Foram analisadas 1.039 progenitoras da raça Nelore, divididas em três grupos, provenientes da região de Bonito-MS. Em relação ao perfil produtivo destes animais 66,8% (694/1039) pariram. A taxa de parição foi significativamente superior nos animais com idade de 17 a 36 meses. Em relação aos índices produtivos vacas de 36 meses, entregaram bezerros mais pesados e vacas de 17 a 36 meses entregaram bezerro ao sobreano quando comparadas com os demais grupos. Interações entre a idade das mães e os pesos são de suma importância, visto que isso facilitar na escolha das vacas para determinada característica almejada. Com base nos dados obtidos, pode-se concluir que a idade das vacas é um fator importante a ser levado em consideração pois, influencia diretamente no peso dos seus produtos na desmama e consequentemente ao sobreano sendo este, devido possivelmente ao ganho compensatório.
Changes in the relationships between pomological characteristics in hazelnuts according to the picking manually from the branch and the ground
Authors: BOSTAN Saim Zeki
Published: December 2023

This research was carried out to determine the relationships between pomological characteristics of hazelnuts collected manually from the branch and the ground. The research was carried out in three different orchards belonging to a producer, which contains Tombul, Foşa and Çakıldak hazelnut varieties in Kocaali district of Sakarya province (Türkiye). The orchards, located at an altitude of 300 m, face north. Hazelnut samples of Tombul, Foşa and Çakıldak varieties were collected from the branch in the first (2009) and second year (2010), on 12-15 August, 15-18 August and 22-25 August, respectively, and from the ground on 24-27 August, 27-30 August and 4-7 September, respectively. Nut weight, nut size, shell thickness, kernel weight, kernel size, kernel cavity, kernel percent, shriveled kernel ratio, good kernel ratio, full and average blanching ratios were determined in dried fruits. Correlation analysis was performed between the properties examined separately in the two groups of samples. In the samples collected from the branch and the ground, the highest variation was seen in the shriveled kernel ratio and the lowest in the good kernel ratio. It was determined that all of the significant correlation coefficients in the samples collected from the branch were positive, and the highest correlation coefficients were between full blanching ratio-average blanching ratio, nut weight-kernel weight and nut size-kernel size, respectively. In the samples collected from the ground, more significant correlations, and also negative significant relationships were found between the investigated properties. It was determined that the highest positive correlations were found between nut size-kernel weight, nut weight-kernel weight, full blanching rate-average blanching rate, nut weight-kernel size and nut size-kernel size, respectively; the highest negative correlations were found between the shell thickness-good kernel ratio, the shell thickness-kernel size, and the shriveled kernel ratio-good kernel core ratio, respectively. It can be said that the samples collected manually from the ground in hazelnut were more homogeneous than those collected from the branch in terms of the quality characteristics examined; in the samples collected from the ground, the good kernel ratio and kernel size were negatively affected by the shell thickness, the shriveled kernel ratio was positively affected, and there were no differences between the samples in terms of other relations.
Assessment of growth characteristics and yield of different cucumber cultivars
Authors: KHATRİ Shreesha , SHRESTHA Shruti , SUBEDİ Sudip , KATEL Shambhu , ADHİKARİ Roshani
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was carried out to determine the performance of different cucumber varieties. The research was carried out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 4 treatments and 6 replications. The varieties used are Bhaktapur local, Kamini, Ragini, and Ranjha. Data were collected on the following parameters such as stem length, plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, number of male flowers, number of female flowers, days to first flowering, male to female flower ratio, days to first male flowering, days to first female flowering, fruit weight, fruit length, number of fruits per plant and yield. It is found that among the performance of different varieties, Kamini was the best high yielding variety for this locality with a yield of 58.93 ton ha-1 followed by Ranjha. Kamini exhibited a greater count of female flowers and fruits. In comparison, Bhaktapur local outperformed other varieties in various aspects such as plant height (193.37 cm), number of leaves (42.39), number of branches (7.13), and male to female ratio (2.63).
An Emerging Era of Artificial Intelligence Research in Agriculture
Authors: Schaefer Laura
Published: December 2023

According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, it is projected that the global population will increase by an additional 2 billion individuals by the year 2050. However, the FAO also predicts that only a mere 4% of the Earth's total surface area will be utilized for agricultural purposes. Advancements in technology and innovative solutions to existing limitations in the agricultural sector have facilitated a notable enhancement in agricultural efficiency. The extensive utilization of machine learning and Artificial Intelligence (AI) within the agricultural industry may potentially signify a significant turning point in its historical trajectory. The utilization of AI in farming presents a range of benefits for farmers, including enhanced productivity, reduced expenses, improved crop quality, and expedited go-to-market strategies. This study aims to explore the potential applications of AI in various subsectors of the agriculture industry. This study delves into the exploration of future concepts propelled by AI, while also addressing the anticipated challenges that may arise in their applications.