bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementing a Community-Based, Service Coordination and Delivery Intervention With Urban, Minority Parents
Authors: Ferguson Kristin M. , Ziemer Kelly L. , Celada M. , Oviedo Sofia , Ansbrow Jacqueline
Published: November 2016

Purpose:

The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the influence of a community-based, service-coordination and delivery intervention (CONNECT Program) on urban, minority parents’ human capital, financial capital, community social capital, and service utilization.

Method:

This study used a pre–posttest single group design and mixed methods as well as incorporated principles of community-based research. Peer outreach workers engaged 80 urban, minority parents living in Manhattan (New York City) in the CONNECT Program, which offered them referrals to formal agency services and informal community supports as well as psychoeducational workshops on varied topics.

Results:

Findings from paired-samples t-tests indicate that at follow-up, 49 participants displayed significant improvements after 12 months in their education, neighborhood trust, service use, and problem resolution.

Discussion:

Findings suggest that CONNECT was feasible within the agency and community. Moreover, CONNECT was associated with higher human and community social capital as well as service utilization outcomes.
Sensory Values in Romantic Attraction in Four Europeans Countries
Authors: Karandashev Victor , Zarubko Elena , Artemeva Veronika , Neto Félix , Surmanidze Lali , Feybesse Cyrille
Published: November 2016

The series of studies explored the role of visual, auditory, tactile-kinesthetic, and olfactory modalities in physical attraction toward a romantic partner in four cultures. Participants ( N = 1,330) from four European countries, Russia ( n = 433), Portugal ( n = 248), Georgia ( n = 436), and France ( n = 213) completed the surveys rating the degree of their physical attraction and how important the various sensory modalities are in their romantic attraction to a partner. Factor analysis revealed 13 sensory factors, among those are expressive behavior, dancing, singing, facial structure, body characteristics, hair and eye features, voice, expressive manner of speaking, skin, dressing, and lips. ANOVA showed cross-culturally common and most prevalent sensory factors of romantic attraction as well as differences among cultures. These differences are explained by climate variations, cultural values, and traditions.
Performance Optimisation of Inertial Confinement Fusion Codes using Mini-applications
Authors: Bird Robert F , Gillies Patrick , Bareford Michael R , Herdman Andy , Jarvis Stephen
Published: November 2016

Despite the recent successes of nuclear energy researchers, the scientific community still remains some distance from being able to create controlled, self-sustaining fusion reactions. Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) techniques represent one possible option to surpass this barrier, with scientific simulation playing a leading role in guiding and supporting their development. The simulation of such techniques allows for safe and efficient investigation of laser design and pulse shaping, as well as providing insight into the reaction as a whole. The research presented here focuses on the simulation code EPOCH, a fully relativistic particle-in-cell plasma physics code concerned with faithfully recreating laser-plasma interactions at scale.

A significant challenge in developing large codes like EPOCH is maintaining effective scientific delivery on successive generations of high-performance computing architecture. To support this process, we adopt the use of mini-applications – small code proxies that encapsulate important computational properties of their larger parent counterparts. Through the development of a mini-application for EPOCH (called miniEPOCH), we investigate a variety of the performance features exhibited in EPOCH, expose opportunities for optimisation and increased scientific capability, and offer our conclusions to guide future changes to similar ICF codes.
Demographic and echocardiographic predictors of anatomic site and outcomes of surgical interventions for cardiogenic limb emboli
Authors: Landry Gregory J , Shukla Rakendu , Rahman Auddri , Azarbal Amir F , Mitchell Erica L , Liem Timothy K , Moneta Gregory L
Published: November 2016

We sought to determine if symptomatic cardiogenic limb emboli have a random distribution or if there are demographic or echocardiographic factors that predict site of embolization, limb salvage and mortality. Upper (UE) and lower extremity (LE) emboli were evaluated over a 16-year period (1996–2012). Demographic (age, gender, smoking, medical comorbidities) and echocardiographic data were analyzed to determine predictors of embolic site. All symptomatic patients underwent surgical revascularization. Limb salvage and mortality were compared with Kaplan–Meier analysis. A total of 161 patients with symptomatic cardiogenic emboli were identified: 56 UE and 105 LE. The female-to-male ratio for UE emboli (70%:30%) was significantly higher than for LE emboli (47%:53%, p=0.008). No other demographic factors were statistically different. Upper extremity patients were more likely to have atrial fibrillation (50% vs 29.8%, p=0.028), while LE patients had a higher percentage of aortic or mitral valvular disease or intracardiac thrombus (71.4% vs 52.5%, p=0.038). The 30-day limb salvage was higher for UE compared to LE (100% vs 88%, p=0.008). There was a trend toward higher 30-day mortality in the LE group (14% vs 5%, p=0.11). Survival at 1, 3, and 5 years were similar (UE: 62.2%, 44.2%, 35.3%; LE: 69.1%, 47.5%, 30.3%; p=ns). Upper extremity emboli are more frequent in women and patients with atrial fibrillation. Lower extremity emboli are more frequent in the presence of valvular disease or intracardiac thrombus, and are associated with increased 30-day limb loss and mortality. These findings suggest gender- and cardiac-specific differences in patterns of blood flow leading to preferential sites of peripheral embolization.
Promotion of Preventive Measures in Public Nursery Schools: Lessons From the H1N1 Pandemic
Authors: Michail Koralia A. , Ioannidou Christina , Galanis Petros , Tsoumakas Kostantinos , Pavlopoulou Ioanna D.
Published: November 2016

Nursery schools serve as reservoirs of transmission of infectious diseases, and teachers should be able to implement and monitor hygiene measures to prevent them. The aim of the present study was to assess the compliance of nursery school teachers on promoting preventive interventions and to identify associated factors, during the novel H1N1 influenza pandemic. A secondary objective was to evaluate their knowledge and vaccination status regarding the novel virus. A cross-sectional study was performed, with the use of a predesigned anonymous, questionnaire, and distributed to all public nursery teachers of Athens, Greece. General etiquette practices were highly acceptable to over 92% of teachers. Those with longer teaching experience promoted simple preventive measures, such as hand washing and use of hand sanitizer, more often while older children were more likely to familiarize with them. However, teachers presented inadequate knowledge concerning the novel virus and their vaccination rates with the pandemic vaccine were unacceptably low (1.1%). Our study showed that promotion of simple preventive measures is feasible and may contribute to the prevention of outbreaks in nursery schools, although knowledge gaps and fear concerning the pandemic vaccine highlight communication issues.
A Balancing Act
Authors: Knight David S. , Izquierdo Elena , DeMatthews David E.
Published: November 2016

Dual language instructional models have great potential to create inclusive learning environments for traditional under-served students and boost student outcomes. However, principals face many barriers to implementation. One of the key challenges is aligning resources to ensure that the school has (a) an appropriate number of certificated teachers, (b) effective professional development for teachers, (c) staffing to work with the local community to garner buy-in from parents, and (d) adequate curricular materials in two languages. This case study demonstrates that successful implementation of dual language may require substantial reallocation of resources, without necessarily creating additional expenditures in the budget.
When Globalization Causes Cultural Conflict
Authors: Barakat Maysaa , Brooks Jeffrey S.
Published: November 2016

There is ongoing debate about the benefits and dangers of globalization in education, yet it is not always clear how these dynamics manifest at the school level. Moreover, it is often unclear how leaders shape or respond to these dynamics in their day-to-day practice. This case highlights issues related to school culture and globalization as a means of illustrating the potential for leadership to positively and/or negatively influence educational processes and outcomes. More specifically, it examines various ways that globalization shapes cultural interactions in an American International School in Cairo, Egypt. Situating the case in this context allows students to learn about schooling as practiced in an under-studied educational setting, thereby teaching students both about cultural conflict and a part of the world with which they may not be familiar.
Alcohol Use and Mental Health Conditions Among Black College Males: Do Those Attending Postsecondary Minority Institutions Fare Better Than Those at Primarily White Institutions?
Authors: Barry Adam E. , Jackson Zachary , Watkins Daphne C. , Goodwill Janelle R. , Hunte Haslyn E.R.
Published: November 2016

While there is a sizeable body of research examining the association between alcohol use and mental health conditions among college students, there are sparse investigations specifically focusing on these associations among Black college students. This is concerning given Black college students face different stressors compared with their non-Black peers. Black males appear especially at risk, exhibiting increased susceptibility to mental health issues and drinking in greater quantities and more frequently than Black females. This investigation examined the association between alcohol consumption and mental health conditions among Black men attending institutions of higher education in the United States and sought to determine differences between Black men attending predominantly White institutions (PWIs) compared with those attending postsecondary minority institutions. Final sample included 416 Black men, 323 of which attended a PWI. Data were from the National College Health Assessment. Black men attending a PWI reported significantly greater levels of alcohol consumption and significantly more mental health conditions. Attendance at a minority-serving institution was associated with fewer mental health conditions among Black men. Future studies should seek to replicate these findings and conduct culturally sensitive and gender-specific research examining why Black men at PWIs report greater alcohol consumption and more mental health conditions than their peers attending postsecondary minority institutions.
The risk of stroke in spouses of people living with dementia in Korea
Authors: Hong Ickpyo , Han Areum , Reistetter Timothy A , Simpson Annie N
Published: November 2016

Background and purpose

As the Korean population ages, the number of patients with dementia is expected to increase. Although prior studies have reported that the burdens associated with caregiving impact the health of spouses of individuals with dementia, it is unclear whether those spouses have increased risk of stroke. We examined the relationship between the risks of stroke among spouses of people with dementia (SPD).

Methods

We retrieved a total of 314,526 respondents from the population-based surveys of the 2012 and 2013 Korea Community Health Survey. We used unmatched and matched samples (1:1 Greedy matching) to examine the risk of stroke for SPD using logistic regression models.

Results

A total of 3868 spouses (1.2% of the Korean population) lived with a patient with dementia in 2012 and 2013. After we matched samples of those who live with a patient with dementia and those who do not, all baseline demographics were balanced ( p > 0.05), including sex, age, income, education, insurance, smoking, drinking, stress level. The spouses who lived with a patient with dementia had a higher risk of stroke than those who lived with non-dementia spouse in both the unmatched (adjusted odds ratios (AOR), 1.70; 95%CI, 1.47–1.96) and matched samples (AOR, 1.69; 95%CI, 1.35–2.10) after controlling for stroke risk factors, including demographics and nine chronic conditions.

Conclusions

Living with a patient with dementia is associated with a 69% increased odds of stroke in the matched sample. Spouses of individuals with dementia should be closely monitored and educated for risk factors of stroke.
The influence of coaches’ leadership styles on athletes’ satisfaction and team cohesion: A meta-analytic approach
Authors: Kim Hyun-Duck , Cruz Angelita B
Published: November 2016

As a team leader, a coach plays a significant role in helping his/her players obtain high levels of performance and success; therefore, a coach should possess skills to help his/her athletes accomplish such daunting tasks. We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between coaching behaviors, athlete satisfaction, and team cohesion. Moreover, we examined gender as a possible moderating variable. Two-hundred eighty-eight effect sizes were obtained from 24 studies that used Chelladurai’s sports leadership scale. Overall, a moderate relationship was found between leadership and cohesion, and a large relationship was found between leadership and satisfaction. Training/instruction was the highest contributor for both relationships. Gender moderated both relationships. It is important to recognize the influence leadership behaviors have on the psychological state of players, especially as sports evolve to be more challenging and multifaceted.
The Morphology and Prevalence of the Deltoid Complex Ligament of the Ankle
Authors: Yammine Kaissar
Published: November 2016

The deltoid ligament is a complex structure of the tibiotalar joint that limits the translation and tilting of the talus. It is often associated with injuries of the ankle joint. The deltoid complex ligament has 2 layers; one superficial with 4 bands and the other deep with 2 bands. Nevertheless, the prevalence and size of its components are reported with some variability in the literature. The aim of this meta-analysis is to generate weighted values of the prevalence, size, and attachment surface areas of its components. Eight studies met the inclusion criteria with a total of 142 ankle specimens. The analyses demonstrate that the most consistent component is the deep posterior tibiotalar (100%), followed by the tibiospring (≈94%), the tibionavicular (≈90%), and the tibiocalcaneal (85%). The superficial posterior ligament and the deep anterior tibiotalar ligament were the least prevalent (≈80% and ≈63%, respectively). The longest ligament was found to be the tibionavicular ligament and the shortest band was the deep posterior tibiotalar ligament. The tibionavicular ligament was the thinnest of all deltoid complex ligament components. This study yielded more accurate data on the frequency and size of its components. The possible absence of a component, particularly of the superficial layer, might compromise joint stability in acute ankle injuries.

Levels of Evidence: Systematic review of level III studies: prospective studies
Transformation of a City
Authors: Williams Trenessa L. , Needham Charles R.
Published: November 2016

Gentrification changes the landscape and the cultural makeup of a city by increasing property values and changing consumption patterns. Since the late 1980s, gentrification has challenged the residential and small business community of Harlem, New York. Guided by the rent gap theory and the consumption-side theory, the purpose of this case study was to explore how small business leaders can compete with demographical changes brought by gentrification. A purposive sample of 20 Harlem small business owners operating during the city’s gentrification participated in interviews. Interview interpretations were triangulated with government documents and periodicals to bolster the trustworthiness of the final report. These findings may contribute to positive social change by informing the strategies employed by small business owners who are currently facing gentrification.
The Utility of the Bifactor Method for Unidimensionality Assessment When Other Methods Disagree
Authors: Luo Yong , Al-Harbi Khaleel
Published: November 2016

This article provides an empirical illustration of the utility of the bifactor method for unidimensionality assessment when other methods disagree. Specifically, we used two popular methods for unidimensionality assessment: (a) evaluating the model fit of a one-factor model using Mplus, and (b) DIMTEST to show that different unidimensionality methods may lead to different results, and argued that in such cases the bifactor method can be particularly useful. Those procedures were applied to English Placement Test (EPT), a high-stakes English proficiency test in Saudi Arabia, to determine whether EPT is unidimensional so that a unidimensional item response theory (IRT) model can be used for calibration and scoring. We concluded that despite the inconsistency between the one-factor model approach and DIMTEST, the bifactor method indicates that, for practical purposes, unidimensionality assumption holds for EPT.
Headedness in Arabic Compounds within the Synthetic Genitive Construction
Authors: Altakhaineh Abdel Rahman Mitib
Published: November 2016

This study aims to pinpoint the position of head in Arabic compounds within the Synthetic Genitive Construction (SGC). It also examines the headedness of these compounds morphologically, syntactically, and semantically. The analysis confirms that compounding in Arabic is predominantly left-headed. The semantic, syntactic, and morphological heads always coincide in Arabic compounds within the SGC. With regard to Adj + N compounds in Arabic, I argue that a silent noun is responsible for determining the syntactic category of the whole construct, resulting in a noun rather than an adjective. The study concludes with recommendations for further research.
The Physicalist Worldview as Neurotic Ego-Defense Mechanism
Authors: Kastrup Bernardo
Published: November 2016

The physicalist worldview is often portrayed as a dispassionate interpretation of reality motivated purely by observable facts. In this article, ideas of both depth and social psychology are used to show that this portrayal may not be accurate. Physicalism—whether it ultimately turns out to be philosophically correct or not—is hypothesized to be partly motivated by the neurotic endeavor to project onto the world attributes that help one avoid confronting unacknowledged aspects of one’s own inner life. Moreover, contrary to what most people assume, physicalism creates an opportunity for the intellectual elites who develop and promote it to maintain a sense of meaning in their own lives through fluid compensation. However, because this compensatory strategy does not apply to a large segment of society, it creates a schism—with corresponding tensions—that may help explain the contemporary conflict between neo-atheism and religious belief.
Efficacy and mechanism of mandibular advancement devices for persistent sleep apnea after surgery: A prospective study
Authors: Luo Huiping , Tang Xulan , Xiong Yuanping , Meng Lili , Yi Hongliang , Yin Shankai
Published: November 2016

Background

To explore the feasibility, the efficacy, and the mechanism of mandibular advancement devices (MAD) in the treatment of persistent sleep apnea after surgery.

Methods

Nineteen patients who failed uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) or UPPP plus genioglossus advancement and hyoid myotomy (GAHM) were given a non-adjustable MAD for treatment. All patients had polysomnography (PSG) at least 6 months post-UPPP with and without the MAD. Seventeen patients had computed tomography (CT) examinations.

Results

After the application of MAD, the apnea hypopnea index (AHI) decreased significantly from 41.2 ± 13.1/h to 10.1 ± 5.6/h in the responder group. The response rate was 57.9% (11/19). During sleep apnea/hypopnea acquired from sedated sleep, the cross-sectional area and anterior-posterior and lateral diameters of the velopharynx enlarged significantly from 4.2 ± 6.0 mm2 to 17.5 ± 15.3 mm2, 1.9 ± 2.3 mm to 6.5 ± 4.1 mm, and 1.1 ± 1.3 mm to 2.6 ± 2.1 mm, respectively ( P < 0.01) in the responder group with MAD. The velopharyngeal collapsibility also decreased significantly from 83.3 ± 21.8% to 46.5 ± 27.1%. The glossopharyngeal collapsibility decreased from 39.8 ± 39.1% to −22.9 ± 73.2% ( P < 0.05).

Conclusion

MAD can be an effective alternative treatment for patients with moderate and severe OSAHS after surgery. The principal mechanisms underlying the effect of MAD are expansion of the lateral diameter of the velopharynx, the enlargement of the velopharyngeal area, the reduction of velopharyngeal and glossopharyngeal collapsibility, and the stabilization of the upper airway.
Identifying local structural states in atomic imaging by computer vision
Authors: Laanait Nouamane , Ziatdinov Maxim , He Qian , Borisevich Albina
Published: November 2016

The availability of atomically resolved imaging modalities enables an unprecedented view into the local structural states of materials, which manifest themselves by deviations from the fundamental assumptions of periodicity and symmetry. Consequently, approaches that aim to extract these local structural states from atomic imaging data with minimal assumptions regarding the average crystallographic configuration of a material are indispensable to advances in structural and chemical investigations of materials. Here, we present an approach to identify and classify local structural states that is rooted in computer vision. This approach introduces a definition of a structural state that is composed of both local and nonlocal information extracted from atomically resolved images, and is wholly untethered from the familiar concepts of symmetry and periodicity. Instead, this approach relies on computer vision techniques such as feature detection, and concepts such as scale invariance. We present the fundamental aspects of local structural state extraction and classification by application to simulated scanning transmission electron microscopy images, and analyze the robustness of this approach in the presence of common instrumental factors such as noise, limited spatial resolution, and weak contrast. Finally, we apply this computer vision-based approach for the unsupervised detection and classification of local structural states in an experimental electron micrograph of a complex oxides interface, and a scanning tunneling micrograph of a defect-engineered multilayer graphene surface.
pQC: A novel approach for robust automatic near-surface analysis in low-relief geology
Authors: Colombo Daniele , Miorelli Federico , Sandoval-Curiel Ernesto , Rovetta Diego
Published: November 2016

A novel approach, named pQC, was developed to automatically derive near-surface velocities and statics by applying surface-consistent analysis to refraction data, where the data consist of first-break (FB) traveltimes and early-arrival waveforms. This approach is facilitated by the introduction of a new sorting domain in which FB traveltimes and traces are organized in a multidimensional space consisting of a common-midpoint (CMP) location, offset, and azimuth, called the XYOA domain. The FB traveltime data sorted in this domain can be analyzed efficiently with statistical methods to obtain localized average depth domain velocity trends for calculation of long-wavelength statics. Short-wavelength (residual) refraction statics are then calculated based on the cross correlation of early-arrival waveforms in the XYOA gathers over multiple offset classes and inverted for surface-consistent source and receiver corrections. The application of the combined statics solution to the traces enhances the continuity and power of the stacked reflected events without the need to perform tomography. Surface-consistent analysis of refraction data in the XYOA domain is fully automatic, provides robust solutions for noisy data, and enhances subsequent reflection residual statics calculations. This method can also be exploited for quality-control analysis of FB picks and for automating, in an iterative procedure, the picking of large 3D seismic data sets. The method is demonstrated on a 3D land survey over complex geology where the novel refraction surface-consistent solution enhances the imaging results and employs a fraction of the time needed by a typical tomographic workflow.
Image-based near-surface modeling for statics corrections
Authors: Yilmaz Öz
Published: November 2016

The near-surface is usually defined as the depth interval below the topography, composed of a low-velocity soil column and weathered rock layer. In contrast with the near-surface, the subsurface is composed of relatively higher velocity rock layers. This means that the interface between the near-surface and the subsurface often gives rise to a strong shallow reflection. The image-based method described in this paper makes use of the strong reflection at the base of the near-surface to estimate a model for the near-surface for statics corrections. The method is based on construction of constant-velocity migration volume by prestack time migration of shot records. The near-surface rms velocities associated with the strong reflector at the base of the near-surface are picked from the semblance spectra to create the near-surface rms velocity field. This laterally varying, but vertically invariant, velocity field actually is equivalent to the near-surface interval velocity field, which can be used to perform prestack depth migration of shot records to obtain a shallow seismic image of the near-surface. Finally, the depth horizon associated with the base of the near-surface is delineated from this shallow seismic image. The image-based near-surface model is formed by combining this depth horizon with the interval velocity field. This image-based model for the near-surface yields essentially the same statics that one calculates from a more complicated model for the near-surface that may be estimated from inversion methods.
ITM2A Expands Evidence for Genetic and Environmental Interaction in Graves Disease Pathogenesis
Authors: Ye Xiao-Ping , Yuan Fei-Fei , Zhang Le-Le , Ma Yu-Ru , Zhang Man-Man , Liu Wei , Sun Feng , Wu Jing , Lu Meng , Xue Li-Qiong , Shi Jing-Yi , Zhao Shuang-Xia , Song Huai-Dong , Liang Jun , Zheng Cui-Xia ,   for The China Consortium for the Genetics of Autoimmune Thyroid Disease
Published: November 2016

Context:

Graves disease (GD) is a common autoimmune disease triggered by genetic predisposition and environmental factors. However, the mechanisms of interaction between genetic and environmental factors contributing to the development of GD remain unknown.

Objective:

We aimed to identify GD susceptibility variants and genes on Xq21.1 locus and interpret the contribution of interaction between genetic predisposition on Xq21.1 and environmental factors to GD.

Design:

We performed refining study on Xq21.1 in a 2-stage study and carried out expression quantitative trait locus analysis of the best association signal with GD.

Setting and Participants:

A total of 4316 GD patients and 4374 sex-matched controls were collected from the Chinese Han population by cooperation with multiple hospitals.

Results:

We identified that rs3827440 or its linkage single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were probably the causal variant in the Xq21.1 locus, with the most substantial association with GD in our combined cohorts (P = 2.45 × 10−15). The genotypes of rs3827440 were correlated with the expression of ITM2A in monocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy volunteers. Notably, the expression of ITM2A in monocytes after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-γ (INF-γ) stimulation showed substantial difference among the volunteers that carried different genotypes of rs3827440 (P = 9.40 × 10−7 and P = 1.26 × 10−5 for 24 hours’ LPS and INF-γ stimulation, respectively). Moreover, ITM2A expression was significantly decreased in PBMCs from untreated GD patients than that from controls.

Conclusion:

The results suggest that ITM2A might be a susceptibility gene for GD in the Xq21.1 locus, and environmental factors, such as viral and bacterial infections, probably contribute to GD pathogenesis by interacting with the risk SNP rs3827440 mediating the regulation of ITM2A expression.
Localization of Insulinoma Using 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT Scan
Authors: Nockel Pavel , Babic Bruna , Millo Corina , Herscovitch Peter , Patel Dhaval , Nilubol Naris , Sadowski Samira M. , Cochran Craig , Gorden Phillip , Kebebew Electron
Published: November 2016

Context:

Reliable localization of insulinoma is critical for successful treatment.

Objective:

This study compared the accuracy of 68Gallium DOTA-(Tyr3)-octreotate (Ga-DOTATATE) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) to anatomic imaging modalities, selective arterial secretagogue injection (SASI), and intraoperative ultrasound (IO ultrasound) and palpation for localizing insulinoma in patients who were biochemically cured.

Design, Setting, and Patients:

We conducted a retrospective analysis of 31 patients who had an insulinoma. The results of CT, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound, IO ultrasound, 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT, SASI, and operative findings were analyzed.

Intervention, Main Outcome Measures, and Results:

The insulinomas were correctly localized in 17 out of 31 (55%) patients by CT, in 17 out of 28 (61%) by MRI, in 6 out of 28 (21%) by ultrasound, and in 9 out of 10 (90%) by 68Ga-DOTATATE. In 29 of 31 patients (93.5%) who had IO ultrasound, an insulinoma was successfully localized. Thirty patients underwent SASI, and the insulinoma was regionalized in 28 out of 30 patients (93%). In 19 out of 23 patients (83%), manual palpation identified insulinoma. In patients who had all 4 noninvasive imaging studies, CT was concordant with 68Ga-DOTATATE in 6 out of 9 patients (67%), MRI in 8 out of 9 (78%), ultrasound in 0 out of 9; the lesion was only seen by 68Ga-DOTATATE in 1 out of 9 (11%).

Conclusions

68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT identifies most insulinomas and may be considered as an adjunct imaging study when all imaging studies are negative and when a minimally invasive surgical approach is planned.
Aligned-Cycle Spaces
Authors: Stoecker Philip
Published: November 2016

In this article I investigate aligned cycles. First identified by Alban Berg in a letter to Arnold Schoenberg and later discussed by George Perle and David Headlam, an aligned cycle is when two (or more) interval cycles unfold in the same direction in a note-against-note alignment, for instance, a rising whole-tone scale (an interval 2-cycle) simultaneously with a rising chromatic scale (an interval 1-cycle). This article extends beyond prior discussions of aligned cycles by exploring the different combinations and rotations of these cyclic structures and investigates how these permutations create different families of harmonies. In particular, this article focuses on three-voice aligned cycles. I show how the different combinations, alignments, and rotations of the individual voices of an aligned cycle create a unique collection of aligned-cycle classes and, at a more large-scale level, aligned-cycle families. To conclude, I reexamine a three-voice aligned cycle from the second movement of Berg's String Quartet, op. 3, and investigate cyclic progressions in Thomas Adès's Piano Quintet, Lieux retrouvés, and The Tempest.
The comparative hydrodynamics of rapid rotation by predatory appendages
Authors: McHenry M. J. , Anderson P. S. L. , Van Wassenbergh S. , Matthews D. G. , Summers A. P. , Patek S. N.
Published: November 2016

Countless aquatic animals rotate appendages through the water, yet fluid forces are typically modeled with translational motion. To elucidate the hydrodynamics of rotation, we analyzed the raptorial appendages of mantis shrimp (Stomatopoda) using a combination of flume experiments, mathematical modeling and phylogenetic comparative analyses. We found that computationally efficient blade-element models offered an accurate first-order approximation of drag, when compared with a more elaborate computational fluid-dynamic model. Taking advantage of this efficiency, we compared the hydrodynamics of the raptorial appendage in different species, including a newly measured spearing species, Coronis scolopendra. The ultrafast appendages of a smasher species (Odontodactylus scyllarus) were an order of magnitude smaller, yet experienced values of drag-induced torque similar to those of a spearing species (Lysiosquillina maculata). The dactyl, a stabbing segment that can be opened at the distal end of the appendage, generated substantial additional drag in the smasher, but not in the spearer, which uses the segment to capture evasive prey. Phylogenetic comparative analyses revealed that larger mantis shrimp species strike more slowly, regardless of whether they smash or spear their prey. In summary, drag was minimally affected by shape, whereas size, speed and dactyl orientation dominated and differentiated the hydrodynamic forces across species and sizes. This study demonstrates the utility of simple mathematical modeling for comparative analyses and illustrates the multi-faceted consequences of drag during the evolutionary diversification of rotating appendages.
Bottom-up Creation of Functional Low-Dimensional Materials Based on Metal Complexes
Authors: Sakamoto Ryota
Published: November 2016

The author investigated low-dimensional materials, one-dimensional wires and two-dimensional nanosheets, based on coordination compounds. At the same time, molecular chemistry of the metal complex motifs used therein was promoted. In the present review, a series of achievements is addressed, focusing on those related to dipyrrin–metal complexes.
Lógica jurídica e jurisprudência. O conceito de “lógica jurídica” de Ulrich Klug
Authors: Jobim Nelson
Published: November 2016

Este texto analisa o conceito de lógica jurídica exposto pelo jurista alemão Ulrich Klug, confrontando os elementos que o levaram a classificar a lógica jurídica como parte da lógica formal. This paper analyzes the concept of legal logic exposed by German jurist Ulrich Klug, confronting the elements that led him to classify legal logic as part of formal logic.
Sanções aplicadas pelo Conselho Administrativo de Defesa Econômica (Cade) a empresas no cartel do cimento: uma visão da análise econômica das penas
Authors: Boson Daniel Silva
Published: November 2016

O presente artigo apresenta a teoria econômica das penas a partir de estudo de caso, qual seja, as sanções aplicadas pelo Cade às empresas que foram condenadas por integrarem o chamado cartel do cimento. Para cada tipo de sanção foi feita uma análise teórica dos seus respectivos custos e benefícios sociais, bem como adequação e necessidade. Dado que as multas por cartéis tendem a não ser suficientes para um efeito dissuasório significativo, concluiu-se que há justificativas para a aplicação de um conjunto de sanções, mas que é necessário verificar os seus efeitos individuais, pois a princípio nem todas incrementam o bem-estar da sociedade. This article presents the economic theory of penalties from a case study, namely, the sanctions imposed by Cade to companies that have been convicted of integrating the so-called cement cartel. For each type of sanction was made a theoretical analysis of the respective social costs and benefits, as well as adequacy and necessity. Since the fines for cartels tend not to be sufficient for a significant deterrent effect, it was concluded that there is justification for applying a set of sanctions, but it’s necessary to check their individual effects because at first not all increment good –being of society.
The TrialsTracker: Automated ongoing monitoring of failure to share clinical trial results by all major companies and research institutions
Authors: Powell-Smith Anna , Goldacre Ben
Published: November 2016

Background: Failure to publish trial results is a prevalent ethical breach with a negative impact on patient care. Audit is an important tool for quality improvement. We set out to produce an online resource that automatically identifies the sponsors with the best and worst record for failing to share trial results. Methods: A tool was produced that identifies all completed trials from clinicaltrials.gov, searches for results in the clinicaltrials.gov registry and on PubMed, and presents summary statistics for each sponsor online. Results: The TrialsTracker tool is now available. Results are consistent with previous publication bias cohort studies using manual searches. The prevalence of missing studies is presented for various classes of sponsor. All code and data is shared. Discussion: We have designed, built, and launched an easily accessible online service, the TrialsTracker, that identifies sponsors who have failed in their duty to make results of clinical trials available, and which can be maintained at low cost. Sponsors who wish to improve their performance metrics in this tool can do so by publishing the results of their trials.
Protein-mRNA interactome capture: cartography of the mRNP landscape
Authors: Ryder Sean P.
Published: November 2016

RNA-binding proteins play a variety of roles in cellular physiology. Some regulate mRNA processing, mRNA abundance, and translation efficiency. Some fight off invader RNA through small RNA-driven silencing pathways. Others sense foreign sequences in the form of double-stranded RNA and activate the innate immune response. Yet others, for example cytoplasmic aconitase, act as bi-functional proteins, processing metabolites in one conformation and regulating metabolic gene expression in another. Not all are involved in gene regulation. Some play structural roles, for example, connecting the translational machinery to the endoplasmic reticulum outer membrane. Despite their pervasive role and relative importance, it has remained difficult to identify new RNA-binding proteins in a systematic, unbiased way. A recent body of literature from several independent labs has defined robust, easily adaptable protocols for mRNA interactome discovery. In this review, I summarize the methods and review some of the intriguing findings from their application to a wide variety of biological systems.
Prospects and limitations, illusions and facts for the development of Cycling in Moscow
Authors: Лукина Анастасия , Lukina Anastasiya
Published: November 2016

The article analyzes the prospects for the development of cycling in Moscow as an environmentally friendly transport that can help to solve the problem of anthropogenic pollution in the city. The paper looks on the factors that promote or hinder development of cycling in the city. Author attempts to estimate the demand for this type of transportation, as well as to evaluate the economic feasibility of this type of transport in Moscow.
Theoretical and methodological basis of competitiveness of the region in terms of assessment of comfort of living
Authors: Максимчук Ольга , Maksimchuk Olga , Першина Татьяна , Pershina Tatyana
Published: November 2016

In modern conditions of each region of Russia solves the problem of increasing con competitiveness and self-sufficiency. However, the solution to this problem without the Centre the instrumentation the primary function of the region - the creation of environments and human reproduction - socially and economically unjustified. Environment, this should be comfortable, high quality, and for all regions historically given conditions should be developed on the basis of relatively competitive interaction and cooperation, which is not performed. This explains the relevance of the research, in which the authors were based on the scientific work of Russian and foreign scientists: Ayvazyan S.A., Bezyazichny V.F., Gerasimov B.I., Gundarova I.A., Drobysheva V. V., Egorshina A.P., Kozlova M.I., Malikova K.S., Navrotskiy B.A., Neretina E.A., Salimova T.A., Albrecht G.L., Boyce C.J., Catalano T., Devlieger P., Hajiran H., Kendall E., Ortega F., Peri G., Wood A.M. Research subject - the factors that determine stay of comfort population in the region in various aspects, and object - the region (and the city as a structural unit of the region). Methodologically the research is based on the complex and systematic approach using comparative methods, retrospective, statistical, mathematical, logical analysis, modeling and forecasting. The purpose of copyright is to find theoretical and methodical substantiation of competitiveness of the region with the comfort of assessment items residing in it with scientists-including historical, socio-cultural, economic and environmental aspects. To achieve this goal the authors solved the problem: 1) revealed a problem of competitiveness of regions from the point of evaluating stay of comfort population in the region grounded and the trend in the functional role of temporal cities to ensure the region´s competitiveness; 2) defines competitiveness of the region from the standpoint of evaluating stay of comfort population in the region in it and a comparative analysis of the theoretical and methodological approaches to the identification and assessment of the level and quality of life, and stay of comfort population in the region; 3) developed and tested an original theoretical approach to the definition comfort of living in the region as an indicator of competitiveness, and the expediency of its use in the development of socio-economic development programs.
THE STRATEGY OF THE LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT DEVELOPMENT IN RUSSIA: FACTS, DISCUSSION, PREDICTIONS
Authors: Блинова Наталья , Blinova Natalya
Published: November 2016

The article attempted to synthesize relevant scientific and public debate on the further development of local self-government in the Russian Federation. The author, based on the analysis of the dynamics of legislative changes, relevant scientific papers and discussion practitioners on various venues for the 2014-2015 year represents a slice of the key problems of the local self-government’s reform in Russia and gives a description of the risks and drivers of the local self-government’s development. The article presents the author´s suggestions for a draft strategy for socio-economic development of the Russian Federation up to the year 2030. One of the biggest problems the author highlights the absence to date of the State concept of local self-government. The author proposes to overcome chaos of reforming local government and enumerates a series of measures aimed at improving efficiency and consistency in the development of contemporary Russian zemstvo.
OPTIMIZATION OF INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN THE RUSSIAN REGIONS
Authors: Ламзин Роман , Lamzin Roman , Епинина В , Epinina V , Кайль Я , Kayl Ya
Published: November 2016

The article deals with the most important elements of the information support of representative and executive bodies in Russian regions – members of the three federal districts. The main problems of obtaining and using information resources of public administration entities in the Russian regions relate with establishment of stable communication channels between public authorities and society, which contribute to the expression of the public interest of the authorities and the receipt of the citizens of public services, related to informing on the activities of the authorities. The authors conclude that the implementation of existing regional legislation leads to the creation of effective mediation of administrative bodies that are able to increase the productivity of information communications in the region between the administrative structures and society. Specific activities for solving problems in the area of information support of public administration in the Russian regions and the modernization of the regional public administration are offered.
THE DEFINITION AND IMPORTANCE OF LOCAL GOVERNANCE
Authors: Ndreu Aurora
Published: November 2016

There is no precise and universal definition about what is administrative law, but rationally it can be determined that covers the organization, functions, duties and responsibilities of public authorities of all kinds who take part in the administration, relations between them and citizens or between them and non-governmental bodies. It defines legal methods for controlling public administration as well as the rights and duties of officials. We must say that administrative law theory  over time has slipped into a legitimate model that underlies the political control of the administrative policy. It must be admitted that the role played by political decision making in administrative ones has greatly increased, viewed from the perspective of a very questionable democratic theory. According to legal positivism or Hart defined by Kant, the most important moral principles between standarts are identified as governing laws. So we first have the social fact, and this fact can be then a law. Thus was born the administrative law as a social fact. So a rule, can be turned into a law, welcomed by all the society. From the administrative law it was defined the local governance definition. The existence of modern already legal positivism, which enables morality or political morality to return to positive law through several methods become an inclusive part of a set of naturally beliefs.
Clinical evaluation of fatigue in MS using the Brief Fatigue and Associated Symptoms Scale
Authors: Barlow Sharon , Brimelow Rachel , Burke Therese , Douglas Clint , Hooper Kaye D , McLay-Barnes Rachel HM , Stevenson-Hall Sharon , Wollin Judy A
Published: November 2016

Background

Fatigue negatively impacts on the lives of people with multiple sclerosis (MS). While primary MS-related fatigue may be difficult to treat, the authors hypothesised that secondary fatigue may respond to targeted strategies addressing causal factors such as pain, depression and sleep disturbance.

Methods

A prospective, multi-centre study was conducted over six months to establish the clinical utility and efficacy of a practical screening tool for the assessment of fatigue and associated factors: the Brief Fatigue and Associated Symptoms Scale (BFASS). A total of 158 people with MS attending outpatient clinics were recruited across three sites.

Results

The BFASS provided a structured approach to assessment and increased referrals by MS nurses for clinically significant contributors to fatigue. As expected, severity of fatigue was correlated with pain, depression, daytime sleepiness and quality of life scores. Mean scores for fatigue also showed a small reduction from baseline (39 ± 19) to 6-month follow-up (35 ± 19). From the perspective of MS nurses, implementing a screening tool for fatigue and associated factors uncovered previously hidden problems and it improved symptom management.

Conclusion

The BFASS is recommended for MS clinicians as a brief, structured assessment of fatigue, providing clinically meaningful cut-offs for referral, and facilitating conversations about hidden MS-related problems that reduce quality of life.
BJNN conference focuses on neurogenic bladder and bowel
Authors: Coggrave Maureen , Vogeli David , Bardsley Alison , Fulford Simon , Lyons Monica , Buswell Marina , Russell Bridget , Catterall Lesley , Middleton Denise
Published: November 2016

On 13 September the Neurogenic Bladder and Bowel Dysfunction Conference, organised by the British Journal of Neuroscience Nursing, took place in London. To give readers an insight into the procedings, each presentation has been summarised below, with slides available online at: http://tinyurl.com/j7qotzx
How to… be more efficient
Authors: Hancock Dave
Published: November 2016

With more and more tasks and few practices paying overtime, how can dental nurses beat the clock and streamline their workload? Dave Hancock counts the ways