bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tropical Continental Downdraft Characteristics: Mesoscale Systems versus Unorganized Convection
Authors: Schiro Kathleen A. , Neelin J. David
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Downdrafts and cold pool characteristics for mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) and isolated, unorganized deep precipitating convection are analyzed using multi-instrument data from the GOAmazon campaign. For both MCSs and isolated cells, there are increases in column water vapor (CWV) observed in the two hours leading the convection and an increase in wind speed, decrease in surface moisture and temperature, and increase in relative humidity coincident with system passage. Composites of vertical velocity data and radar reflectivity from a radar wind profiler show that the downdrafts associated with the sharpest decreases in surface equivalent potential temperature (θe) have a probability that increases towards lower levels below the freezing level. Both MCSs and unorganized convection show similar mean downdraft magnitudes and probabilities with height. This is consistent with thermodynamic arguments: if θe were approximately conserved following descent, it would imply that a large fraction of the air reaching the surface originates at altitudes in the lowest 2 km, with probability of lower θe dropping exponentially. Mixing computations suggest that, on average, air originating at heights greater than 3 km must undergo substantial mixing, particularly in the case of isolated cells, to match the observed cold pool θe, likewise implying a low typical origin level. Precipitation conditionally averaged on decreases in surface equivalent potential temperature (Δθe) exhibits a strong relationship because the largest Δθe values are associated with high probability of precipitation. The more physically motivated conditional average of Δθe on precipitation levels off with increasing precipitation rate, bounded by the maximum difference between surface θe and its minimum in the profile aloft. Precipitation values greater than about 10 mm h−1 are associated with high probability of Δθe decreases. Robustness of these statistics observed across scales and regions suggests their potential use as model diagnostic tools for the improvement of downdraft parameterizations in climate models.
A 2700-year annual timescale and accumulation history for an ice core from Roosevelt Island, West Antarctica
Authors: Winstrup Mai , Vallelonga Paul , Kjær Helle A. , Fudge Tyler J. , Lee James E. , Riis Marie H. , Edwards Ross , Bertler Nancy A. N. , Blunier Thomas , Brook Ed J. , Buizert Christo , Ciobanu Gabriela , Conway Howard , Dahl-Jensen Dorthe , Ellis Aja , Emanuelsson B. Daniel , Keller Elizabeth D. , Kurbatov Andrei , Mayewski Paul , Neff Peter D. , Pyne Rebecca , Simonsen Marius F. , Svensson Anders , Tuohy Andrea , Waddington Ed , Wheatley Sarah
Published: August 2017

Abstract. We present a 2700-year annually resolved timescale for the Roosevelt Island Climate Evolution (RICE) ice core, and reconstruct a past snow accumulation history for the coastal sector of the Ross Ice Shelf in West Antarctica. The timescale was constructed by identifying annual layers in multiple ice-core impurity records, employing both manual and automated counting approaches, and constitutes the top part of the Roosevelt Island Ice Core Chronology 2017 (RICE17). The maritime setting of Roosevelt Island results in high sulfate influx from sea salts and marine biogenic emissions, which prohibits a routine detection of volcanic eruptions in the ice-core records. This led to the use of non-traditional chronological techniques for validating the timescale: RICE was synchronized to the WAIS Divide ice core, on the WD2014 timescale, using volcanic attribution based on direct measurements of ice-core acidity, as well as records of globally-synchronous, centennial-scale variability in atmospheric methane concentrations. The RICE accumulation history suggests stable values of 0.25 m water equivalent (w.e.) per year until around 1260 CE. Uncertainties in the correction for ice flow thinning of annual layers with depth do not allow a firm conclusion about long-term trends in accumulation rates during this early period but from 1260 CE to the present, accumulation rate trends have been consistently negative. The decrease in accumulation rates has been increasingly rapid over the last centuries, with the decrease since 1950 CE being more than 7 times greater than the average over the last 300 years. The current accumulation rate of 0.22 ± 0.06 m w.e. yr−1 (average since 1950 CE, ±1σ) is 1.49 standard deviations (86th percentile) below the mean of 50-year average accumulation rates observed over the last 2700 years.
Evaluation of seNorge2, a conventional climatological datasets for snow- and hydrological modeling in Norway
Authors: Lussana Cristian , Saloranta Tuomo , Skaugen Thomas , Magnussson Jan , Tveito Ole Einar , Andersen Jess
Published: August 2017

Abstract. The conventional climate datasets based on observations only are a widely used source of information for climate and hydrology. On the Norwegian mainland, the seNorge datasets of daily mean temperature and total precipitation amount constitute a valuable meteorological input for snow- and hydrological simulations which are routinely conducted over such a complex and heterogeneous terrain. A new seNorge version (seNorge2) has been released recently and to support operational applications for civil protection purposes, it must be updated daily and presented on a high-resolution grid (1 km of grid spacing). The archive goes back to 1957. The seNorge2 statistical interpolation schemes can provide high-resolution fields for applications requiring long-term datasets at regional or national level, where the challenge is to simulate small-scale processes often taking place in complex terrain. The statistical schemes build upon classical spatial interpolation methods, such as Optimal Interpolation and successive-correction schemes, and introduce original approaches. For both temperature and precipitation, the spatial interpolation exploits the concept of (spatial) scale-separation and the first-guess field is derived from the observed data. Furthermore, the geographical coordinates and the elevation are used as complementary information. The evaluation of the seNorge2 products is presented both from a general point of view, through systematic cross-validations, and specifically as the meteorological input in the operational model chains used for snow- and hydrological simulations. The seNorge snow model is used for simulation of snow fields and the DDD (Distance Distribution Dynamics) rainfall-runoff model is the hydrological model used. The evaluation points out important information for the future seNorge2 developments: the daily mean temperature fields constitute an accurate and precise dataset, on average the predicted temperature is an unbiased estimate of the actual temperature and its precision (at grid points) varies between 0.8 °C and 2.4 °C; the daily precipitation fields provide a reasonable estimate of the actual precipitation, the cross-validation shows that on average the precision of the estimates (at grid points) is about ±20 %, though a systematic underestimation of precipitation occurs in data-sparse areas and for intense precipitation. Both the seNorge snow and the DDD models have been able to make profitable use of seNorge2, partly because of the automatic calibration procedure they incorporate for precipitation. The dataset described in this article is available for public download at http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.845733.
Colluvial deposits as a possible weathering reservoir in uplifting mountains
Authors: Carretier Sébastien , Godderis Yves , Martinez Javier , Reich Martin , Martinod Pierre
Published: August 2017

Abstract. The role of mountain uplift in the global climate over geological times is controversial. At the heart of this debate is the capacity of rapid denudation to drive silicate weathering, a CO2 consumer. Here we present the results of a 3D model that couples erosion and weathering during mountain uplift, in which the weathered material is traced during its stochastic transport from the hillslopes to the mountain outlet. During mountain uplift, the erosion rate increases and the climate cools, which thins the regolith and produces a hump in the weathering rate evolution. Nevertheless, lateral river erosion drives mass wasting and the temporary storage of colluvial deposits on the valley borders. This new reservoir is comprised of fresh material which has a residence time ranging from several years up to several thousand years. During this period, the weathering of colluvium sustains the mountain weathering flux at a significant level. The relative weathering contribution of colluvium depends on the area covered by regolith on the hillslopes. For mountains sparsely covered by regolith during cold periods, colluvium produce most of the simulated weathering flux for a large range of erosion parameters and precipitation rate patterns. In addition to other reservoirs such as deep fractured bedrock, colluvial deposits may help to maintain a substantial and constant weathering flux in rapidly uplifting mountains during cooling periods.
Assessment of actual evapotranspiration over a semi-arid heterogeneous land surface by means of coupled low resolution remote sensing data with energy balance model: comparison to extra Large Aperture Scintillometer measurements
Authors: Saadi Sameh , Boulet Gilles , Bahir Malik , Brut Aurore , Mougenot Bernard , Fanise Pascal , Simonneaux Vincent , Lili Chabaane Zohra
Published: August 2017

Abstract. In semi-arid areas, agricultural production is restricted by water availability; hence efficient agricultural water management is a major issue. The design of tools providing regional estimates of evapotranspiration (ET), one of the most relevant water balance fluxes, may help the sustainable management of water resources. Remote sensing provides periodic data about actual vegetation temporal dynamics (through the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index NDVI) and water availability under water stress (through the land surface temperature LST) which are crucial factors controlling ET. In this study, spatially distributed estimates of ET (or its energy equivalent, the latent heat fluxes LE) in the Kairouan plain (Central Tunisia) were computed by applying the Soil Plant Atmosphere and Remote Sensing Evapotraspiration (SPARSE) model fed by low resolution remote sensing data (Terra and Aqua MODIS). The work goal was to assess the operational use of the SPARSE model and the accuracy of the modelled i) sensible heat flux (H) and ii) daily ET over a heterogeneous semi-arid landscape with a complex land cover (i.e. trees, winter cereals, summer vegetables). The SPARSE's layer approach was run to compute instantaneous estimates of H and LE fluxes at the satellite overpass time. The good correspondence (R2 = 0.60 and 0.63 and RMSE = 57.89 W/m-2 and 53.85 W/m-2; for Terra and Aqua, respectively) between instantaneous H estimates and large aperture scintillometer (XLAS)'s H measurements along a pathlength of 4 km over the study area showed that the SPARSE model presents satisfactory accuracy. Results showed that, despite the fairly large scatter, the instantaneous LE can be suitably estimated at large scale (RMSE = 47.20 W/m-2 and 43.20 W/m-2; for Terra and Aqua, respectively and R2 = 0.55 for both satellites). Additionally, water stress was investigated by comparing modelled (SPARSE derived) to observed (XLAS derived) water stress values; we found that most points were located within a 0.2 conﬁdence interval, thus the general tendencies are well reproduced. Even though extrapolation of instantaneous latent heat flux values to daily totals was less obvious, daily ET estimates are deemed acceptable.
Evolution of the vegetation system in the Heihe River basin in the last 2000 years
Authors: Li Shoubo , Zhao Yan , Wei Yongping , Zheng Hang
Published: August 2017

Abstract. The response of vegetation systems to the long-term changes in climate, hydrology, and social–economic conditions in river basins is critical for sustainable river basin management. This study aims to investigate the evolution of natural and crop vegetation systems in the Heihe River basin (HRB) over the past 2000 years. Archived Landsat images, historical land use maps and hydrological records were introduced to derive the long-term spatial distribution of natural and crop vegetation and the corresponding biomass levels. The major findings are that (1) both natural and crop vegetation experienced three development stages: a pre-development stage (before the Republic of China), a rapid development stage (Republic of China – 2000), and a post-development stage (after 2000). Climate and hydrological conditions did not show significant impacts over crop vegetation, while streamflow presented synchronous changes with natural vegetation in the first stage. For the second stage, warmer temperature and increasing streamflow were found to be important factors for the increase in both natural and crop vegetation in the middle reaches of the HRB. For the third stage, positive climate and hydrological conditions, together with policy interventions, supported the overall vegetation increase in both the middle and lower HRB; (2) there was a significantly faster increase in crop biomass than that of native vegetation since 1949, which could be explained by the technological development; and (3) the ratio of natural vegetation to crop vegetation decreased from 16 during the Yuan Dynasty to about 2.2 since 2005. This ratio reflects the reaction of land and water development to a changing climate and altering social–economic conditions at the river basin level; therefore, it could be used as an indicator of water and land management at river basins.
Electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for biological analysis and food characterization: a review
Authors: Grossi Marco , Riccò Bruno
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), in which a sinusoidal test voltage or current is applied to the sample under test to measure its impedance over a suitable frequency range, is a powerful technique to investigate the electrical properties of a large variety of materials. In practice, the measured impedance spectra, usually fitted with an equivalent electrical model, represent an electrical fingerprint of the sample providing an insight into its properties and behavior. EIS is used in a broad range of applications as a quick and easily automated technique to characterize solid, liquid, semiliquid, organic as well as inorganic materials. This paper presents an updated review of EIS main implementations and applications.
An alternative design method for the double-layer combined die using autofrettage theory
Authors: Hu Chengliang , Yang Fengyu , Zhao Zhen , Zeng Fan
Published: August 2017

Abstract. The double-layer combined die is used for its longer life in forging. Autofrettage is a well-known elastic–plastic technology that increases the durability of thick-walled cylinders. This study explores an alternative design method of the double-layer combined die using autofrettage theory. An analytical solution for the autofrettage process of the double-layer combined die is obtained based on Lamé's equation. The relationship between the autofrettage pressure and the yield radius of the die insert is obtained, and expressions of residual stresses and displacements, which are directly related to geometric parameters, material properties and internal pressure, are derived. The finite-element simulation of a specific case is performed, and good agreement between theoretical calculations and simulation results is found. Furthermore, the effects of important parameters, including the ratio of the plastic area and yield strength of the die insert and the outer diameters of the die insert and stress ring, on the autofrettage effect are investigated. Compared with the conventional combined die, the autofrettaged die can bear larger working pressure, as expected. The use of the autofrettaged die can reduce the amount of expensive material required for the die insert and the working space of the die set, which would benefit the practical forging process.
Isoneutral control of effective diapycnal mixing in numerical ocean
models with neutral rotated diffusion tensors
Authors: Hochet Antoine , Tailleux Rémi , Ferreira David , Kuhlbrodt Till
Published: August 2017

Abstract. The current view about the mixing of heat and salt in the ocean is that it should be parameterised by means of a rotated diffusion tensor based on mixing directions parallel and perpendicular to the local neutral vector. However, the impossibility to construct a density variable in the ocean that is exactly neutral because of the coupling between thermobaricity and density-compensated temperature/salinity anomalies implies that the effective diapycnal diffusivity experienced by any possible density variable is partly controlled by isoneutral diffusion when using neutral rotated diffusion. Here, this effect is quantified by evaluating the effective diapycnal diffusion coefficient for five widely used density variables: Jackett and McDougall (1997) γn, Lorenz reference state density ρref of Winters and D’Asaro (1996); Saenz et al. (2015), and three potential density variables σ0, σ2 and σ4. Computations use the World Ocean Circulation Experiment climatology, assuming either a uniform value for isoneutral mixing or spatially varying values inferred from an inverse calculation. Isopycnal mixing contributions to the effective diapycnal mixing yields values systematically larger than 10−3 m2/s in the deep ocean for all density variables, with γn suffering the least from the isoneutral control of effective diapycnal mixing, and σ0 the most. These high values are due to spatially localised large values of non-neutrality, mostly in the deep Southern Ocean. Removing only 5 % of these high values on each density surface reduces the effective diapycnal diffusivities to less than 10−4 m2/s. This work highlights the potential pitfalls of estimating diapycnal diffusivities by means of Walin-like water masses analysis or in using Lorenz reference state for diagnosing spurious numerical diapycnal mixing.
Hierarchical creep cavity formation in an ultramylonite and implications for phase mixing
Authors: Gilgannon James , Fusseis Florian , Menegon Luca , Regenauer-Lieb Klaus , Buckman Jim
Published: August 2017

Abstract. The dispersal of monomineralic quartz domains in a quartzofeldspathic ultramylonite is interpreted to be the result of the emergence of syn-kinematic pores, called creep cavities. The cavities can be considered the product of two distinct mechanisms that formed hierarchically: Zener-Stroh cracking and viscous grain boundary sliding. In initially thick and coherent quartz ribbons deforming by grain size-insensitive creep, cavities were generated by the Zener-Stroh mechanism on grain-boundaries aligned with the YZ plane of finite strain. The opening of creep cavities promoted the ingress of fluids to sites of low stress. The local addition of a fluid lowered the adhesion and cohesion of grain-boundaries and promoted viscous grain boundary sliding. With the increased contribution of viscous grain boundary sliding, a second population of cavities formed to accommodate strain incompatibilities. Ultimately, the emergence of creep cavities is interpreted to be responsible for the transition of quartz domains from a grain size-insensitive, to a grain size-sensitive rheology.
Brodie abscess of the jaw: An unusual presentation of a rare complication of subacute osteomyelitis
Authors: D'souza Melroy , Xu Jack , John Elizabeth , Parikh Payal
Published: August 2017

Background: A Brodie abscess is a rare subtype of subacute osteomyelitis which can be acquired from local trauma or hematogenous spread secondary to transient bacteremia. However, to date there have been no reports of the presence of a Brodie abscess in the mandible.Case representation: Here we report a case of a 51-year-old female who presented to the emergency department with a 4-day history of left sided facial pain and trismus after recent dental manipulation. A computed tomography (CT) scan showed the presence of osteomyelitis with a Brodie abscess in the mandibular condyle. Empiric treatment was initiated with ampicillinsulbactam. After seven days of treatment, the antibiotics were switched to ceftriaxone and metronidazole on discharge. Five days later the patient returned to the hospital with the same symptoms that she initially presented with, indicating a failure of treatment. Follow-up CT scan showed the persistence of the Brodie abscess. Subsequently, IV ertapenem was initiated for a duration of eight weeks and the patient was instructed to obtain an oral surgery evaluation as an outpatient.Conclusions: This case highlights a unique presentation of a Brodie abscess, which has been previously exclusively found in long bones, and raises awareness of such a complication in patients whose facial erythema, pain, and swelling may not improve with first line therapy for a simple dental infection. Additionally, we highlight that the unique location of the mandibular condyle poses a treatment challenge and surgical replacement of the jaw appears to be the lone curative modality.
Internet Addiction among Senior Medical Students in King Abdulaziz University, Prevalence and Association with Depression
Authors: Bakarman Marwan A
Published: August 2017

INTRODUCTION: Excessive internet use can lead to negative outcomes such as poor academic performance and social isolation. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of the internet addiction and to explore the factors associated with depression among medical students, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.METHODS: The total number of senior medical students was 1049 in the academic years 2013-2014. An analytical cross sectional study was adopted. Stratified sampling technique with proportional allocation to recruit medical students. A self-administered questionnaire was used which adopted the 20-item Young’s internet addiction test (IAT) to explore the internet addictions, while the existence of depression was assessed using the centre for epidemiological studies depression scale (CES-D).RESULTS: The study included 161 medical students, making the response rate of 78.2%. Majority (94.4%) had computer and 99.4% were using the internet. Community sites ranked first (40.6%), whereas general sites, chatting and emailing were preferred by 14.4%, 10% and 10% respectively. Internet addiction was reported among only five students (3.1%). Possible addiction was reported among 74 students (46.3%). Male students (66.2%) were more addicts to internet than females (44.6%) (P=0.007). The 4th year students reported the highest rate of internet addiction or possible addiction (70.3%) (P=0.003). All internet addicts were depressed, whereas 74.1% of possible addicts and 62.2% of non addicts were depressed (P=0.088). However, the trend in the prevalence of depression in the three different situations was statistically significant (P=0.034).CONCLUSION: Internet addiction is growing hidden problem, which has psychological and social impact on medical students and requires preventive strategies and therapeutic interventions.
Finite Element Analysis of Screw-Tightening Torque Applied to Custom and Conventional Abutment
Authors: Lee Sang Hyun , Hong Min Ho , Lee Kyu Bok
Published: August 2017

The aim of this study was to design an abutment with an esthetic emergence profile contour using CAD technology and compare the stress distribution within the structure between the custom abutment and conventional abutment according to the screw tightening torque using 3D finite element analysis (FEA). The maximum tensile principal stress was found in the endpoint of the screw head and the start point of the screw line with regard to the application of the tightening torque of the screw. A similar pattern was observed in all of the following screws: 10N·cm, 20N·cm, and 30N·cm. The tightening torque of the screw had a significant impact on the changes in the stress of the abutment and screw fixture. This study also found that the condition in which the screw load was applied showed a more realistic description of the behavior of a single fixed dental implant than the condition in which the screw load was not applied. This study examined the optimal tightening torque value of the screw for the denture used in this study at a location slightly higher than 20N·cm. The difference in the custom abutment and conventional abutment did not have a significant impact on the supporting bone with regard to the external load. In regard to the stress occurring in the screw, the custom abutment had a lower degree of stress than the conventional type. Therefore, a screw fracture would occur less frequently in a custom abutment than a conventional abutment.
Model-based Informal Inference
Authors: Prodromou Theodosia
Published: August 2017

Following recent scholarly interest in teaching informal linear regression models, this study looks at teachers’ reasoning about informal lines of best fit and their role in pedagogy. The case results presented in this journal paper provide insights into the reasoning used when developing a simple informal linear model to best fit the available data. This study also suggests potential in specific aspects of bidirectional modelling to help foster the development of robust knowledge of the logic of inference for those investigating and coordinating relations between models developed during modelling exercises and informal inferences based on these models. These insights can inform refinement of instructional practices using simple linear models to support students’ learning of statistical inference, both formal and informal.
Climate Change, Environmental Security and Global Justice
Authors: Salako Solomon E.
Published: August 2017

There is an international consensus that climate change is caused by human activities which substantially increase the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases.The ill-effects of climate change are droughts which adversely affect the global poor who are engaged in agriculture; storm surges which destroy local infrastructure, housing and crops; and the rise of sea levels which adversely affect the inhabitants of small island states which could eventually be totally submerged. Military strategists and intelligence analysts are preparing for future conflicts likely to be caused by environmental security issues.The objects of this article are: (i) to evaluate the ill-effects of climate change as a matter of global justice, (ii) to consider whether future generations have the right not to suffer from the ill-effects of climate change, and if so, (iii) to evaluate the relevant conceptions of global justice, and (iv) to assess critically whether international law provides effective preventive responses to climate change and environmental security threats.Finally, a monist-naturalist conception of global justice privileging human dignity as one of its guiding principles is proffered as a solution to the problems raised by the mechanisms of dealing with the ill-effects of climate change and the attendant environmental security issues under international law.
Power Laws in Cone Production of Longleaf Pine across Its Native Range in the United States
Authors: Chen Xiongwen , Guo Qinfeng , Brockway Dale G.
Published: August 2017

Longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) forests in the southeastern United States are considered endangered ecosystems, because of their dramatic decrease in area since European colonization and poor rates of recovery related to episodic natural regeneration. Sporadic seed production constrains restoration efforts and complicates sustainable management of this species. Previous studies of other tree species found invariant scaling properties in seed output. Here, using long-term monitoring data for cone production at seven sites across the native range of longleaf pine, we tested the possible presence of two types of power laws. Findings indicate that (i) the frequency distribution of cone production at seven sites, from 1958 to 2014, follows power law relationships with high level of significance; (ii) although there is no general trend in the dynamics of scaling exponents among all sites, there are dynamics of scaling exponents at each site, with sudden changes in scaling exponents generally corresponding to the years of higher or lower cone production; and (iii) Taylor’s power laws explain cone production at different locations, but the scaling exponents vary among these. Results from this computational approach provide new insight into the irregular cone production of longleaf pine at spatial and temporal scales. Integrated ecosystem monitoring will be necessary to more fully understand future changes in cone production.
Effects of Biochar and Farm Yard Manure on Soil Properties and Crop Growth in an Agroforestry System in the Himalaya
Authors: Gautam Deepak K. , Bajracharya Roshan M. , Sitaula Bishal K.
Published: August 2017

Many parts of South Asia are facing agricultural land degradation and reduced productivity while the population continues to grow and demand for food is ever-increasing. This paper presents the results of research specifically focused on application of biochar and Farm Yard Manure (FYM) at 5t/ha and 20t/ha, respectively as an amendment on degraded soil in a coffee agroforestry system of the mid-hills in the Nepal Himalaya. The study showed that there were significant (P<0.05) positive effects on soil chemical properties, crop growth (height) and crop productivity. In particular, the soil pH and SOM increased significantly, while other soil properties were not significantly improved. Also, plant growth increased dramatically with application of biochar, however, crop yields showed only slight increases. It is suggested that biochar applied at low rates along with FYM generally has immediate positive effects on the vegetative growth of plants, however, soil properties and overall crop yields may take a longer time to show improvement.
APOLOGIES IN L1 AND LINGUA FRANCA ENGLISH: A CONTRASTIVE PRAGMATIC STUDY OF TRIPADVISOR RESPONSES
Authors: Hopkinson Christopher
Published: August 2017

The article reports on a study of restaurant-owners’ public online responses to negativecustomer reviews on the TripAdvisor website, exploring the differences between thepractices used by L1 English and lingua franca English (ELF) speakers when performingpublic apologies. The focus is on the occurrence and linguistic realizations of two keycomponents of apologies: illocutionary force indicating devices (IFIDs) and accounts ofthe incident. The results indicate certain differences between the L1 and ELF responses –both in the use of IFIDs (the IFIDs in the ELF responses are more frequently ambiguousin terms of their illocution) and in the amount of facework done (the L1 responses usefacework resources more proficiently, while the ELF responses are more face-neutral).
PREVALÊNCIA DOS DISTÚRBIOS OSTEOMUSCULARES RELACIONADOS AO TRABALHO: ESTUDO COM LAVADEIRAS DE ROUPA
Authors: Diniz Elenir Alcântara , Ribeiro Rafaella Do Carmo , Sousa Milena Nunes Alves de
Published: August 2017

Objetivou-se avaliar a prevalência de distúrbios osteomusculares relacionados ao trabalho em lavadeiras no município de Caicó-RN. Estudo de campo, exploratório-descritivo com abordagem quantitativa foi realizado com uma amostra de 45 lavadeiras, determinada mediante amostra não probabilística por conveniência. Os dados foram coletados a partir de questionários e analisados no SPSS 21.0. Utilizou-se de estatísticas descritivas de frequência e porcentagem, além de média, desvio padrão, mediana, valores mínimos e máximos. Adicionalmente, foram utilizados testes inferenciais. Observou-se a exclusividade de mulheres trabalhadoras e constatou-se a maior frequência de acometimento por distúrbios osteomusculares nas regiões de mãos/punho e cotovelos (22,2% e 46,7%). Quanto aos problemas osteomusculares relacionados ao trabalho, o mais associado foi o dos punhos ou mãos (95,6%), seguido dos cotovelos (62,2%) e pescoço/região cervical (53,3%). Houve queixas osteomusculares em toda a amostra, havendo correlação entre as regiões acometidas e seu uso para a realização das atividades laborais desenvolvidas pelas lavadeiras.Descritores: Saúde do Trabalhador; Riscos Ocupacionais; Transtornos Traumáticos Cumulativos.
CUIDADOS PALIATIVOS: PERCEPÇÃO DE CUIDADORES FAMILIARES DE IDOSOS EM TRATAMENTO ONCOLÓGICO
Authors: Almeida Denize Alves de , Silveira Sandramar De Lima , Rosa Wallisete De Almeida Godinho , Zeferino Mariana Gondim Mariutti , Lenza Nariman De Felicio Bortucan
Published: August 2017

Objetivo: Investigar a percepção acerca de cuidados paliativos de cuidadores familiares de idosos em tratamento oncológico cadastrados em uma Associação de Combate ao Câncer. Metodologia: Pesquisa de campo, descritiva, do tipo transversal, de abordagem qualitativa, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, que foram transcritas e categorizadas. Resultados: foram identificadas seis categorias que demonstram que os cuidadores apesar de não terem muito conhecimento acerca de cuidados paliativos, os praticam em dimensões variadas, seja oferecendo uma alimentação saudável, realizando higiene adequada, buscando o alívio da dor e mantendo atenção e cuidado quanto a medicação prescrita. Alguns referem que se sentem desamparados e sobrecarregados ao oferecer os cuidados necessários ao familiar com câncer, além de enfrentar limitações físicas. A enfermagem tem papel fundamental nos cuidados paliativos e na atenção aos cuidadores, no sentido de traçar estratégias de ensino e capacitação desses para que possam aprimorar o ato de cuidar e se sintam mais amparados.Descritores: Cuidados Paliativos; Neoplasias; Idoso.
CONHECIMENTO DOS ACADÊMICOS DE MEDICINA ACERCA DO HPV E DO CÂNCER DE COLO UTERINO
Authors: Silva Samuel Laurindo da , Vargas Alfredo Lustosa , Almeida Rogério José de , Saddi Vera Aparecida , Cordeiro Jacqueline Andréia Bernardes Leão , Silva Antonio Márcio Teodoro Cordeiro
Published: August 2017

O Papilomavírus humano (HPV) é capaz de induzir lesões com potencial oncogênico em tecidos epiteliais. Tendo em vista a alta prevalência mundial da infecção pelo HPV e das neoplasias associadas, questiona-se o conhecimento dos acadêmicos de Medicina sobre as características do HPV. A relevância de avaliar o conhecimento de acadêmicos de medicina sobre o tema HPV está baseada na necessidade de formar médicos com experiência sobre o assunto para que possam promover a orientação da população. Trata-se de estudo descritivo realizado com acadêmicos de Medicina da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás (Goiânia, Goiás, Brasil), por meio da aplicação de questionário validado, que avalia o nível de conhecimento sobre o HPV, a vacina e o câncer de colo uterino. A porcentagem geral de acerto foi de 80% e as médias das respostas aumentaram com o avanço de cada semestre. Concluiu-se, portanto, que o conhecimento foi satisfatório e progressivo.Descritores: HPV; Neoplasias Uterinas; Vacinas contra HPV; Medicina.
Solving Optimization Problems with Spreadsheets
Authors: Beigie Darin
Published: August 2017

These classic activities usually reserved for calculus are recast in a highly visual approach as investigations with first-year algebra students.
Building a High School Math Research Curriculum
Authors: Gerver Robert , Santucci Lauren , Leventhal Hanah
Published: August 2017

Past issues of Mathematics Teacher provide the resources for a course that allows students to stretch mathematically into the areas of research and technical writing.
Isoperimetric Triangles
Authors: Rizcallah Joseph A.
Published: August 2017

The isoperimetric problem is a well-known problem in geometry, and it has a long and rich history (Blasjo 2005). In the plane, the isoperimetric problem consists of finding the simple closed curve of a given perimeter that encloses the greatest area, with the circle being the famous solution. Attempts to solve the isoperimetric problem, as well as other analogous problems in calculus and physics, were undertaken by many great mathematicians in the past whose work ultimately laid the foundation for the elegant branch of analysis known today as the calculus of variations.
The Pascal's Triangle Project
Authors: Rosby Graham
Published: August 2017

Mathematical beauty is often an elusive concept. One might tell students that a solution is “elegant” or mention that fractal self-symmetry is “beautiful,” but computer-generated images and textbook visualizations seldom have the same reward as something built by hand. Triangle Day involved hands-on learning.
Getting Mileage out of Your 401(K)
Authors: Cho Hoyun , Spangler David B. , Hendrickson Katie A.
Published: August 2017

A cartoon exploring an issue of finances is coupled with a full-page activity sheet.
Creating Zines: Supporting Powerful Math Identities
Authors: Oslund Joy A. , Barton Joshua
Published: August 2017

During a math camp, students created zines—small, self-published works—and reflected on what it means to be “smart” in math.
Harry Potter–inspired mathematics
Authors: Russo James , Russo Toby
Published: August 2017

This month, students use a Harry Potter book as the context for a wide range of problems about key mathematical concepts. Math by the Month features collections of short activities focused on a monthly theme. Math by the Month features collections of short activities focused on a monthly theme. These articles aim for an inquiry or problem-solving orientation that includes four activities each for grade bands K–2, 3–4, and 5–6.
Modeling as a Decision-Making Process
Authors: Bleiler-Baxter Sarah K. , Stephens D. Christopher , Baxter Wesley A. , Barlow Angela T.
Published: August 2017

Using simplification, relationship mapping, and situation analysis as a framework, we offer vignettes of student discussions about the Theme Park task to highlight their key choices as they model with mathematics.
Keep your boat afloat
Authors: Chesky Nataly Z. , Wells Lyndsey
Published: August 2017

This STEM activity uses the latest technology, three-dimensional printing, in an elementary school after-care setting. The authors explain the need to develop more childhood STEM-focused activities and reflect on lessons learned. Contributors to the iSTEM (Integrating Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) department share ideas and activities that stimulate student interest in integrated STEM fields in K–grade 6 classrooms.
Does money change political views? – An investigation of money priming and the preference for right-wing politics
Authors: Schuler Johannes , Ivanov Igor , Wänke Michaela
Published: August 2017

In a multistudy approach across seven studies we explored whether, as suggested by previous research, money primes affect people’s political orientation. Across the studies we used different dependent variables and samples, and we combined the results in a small-scale meta-analysis to test two competing hypotheses. Independent of the measures and experimental setting, our findings did not indicate that money primes lead to stronger right-wing orientations (main-effect hypothesis). However, we obtained a marginally significant interaction effect suggesting that the money priming effect is moderated by subjective socioeconomic status (moderation hypothesis). These findings suggest that, contrary to previous research, the money priming effect on political orientation is at best small and dependent on one’s subjective socioeconomic status. Implications for money priming research and political psychology are discussed.
Estratégias de operações de serviço no setor público: um exame a partir da produção científica brasileira no período de 2004-2014
Authors: Santos Diego da Guia , Santos Flávio Henrique Reis , Finger Andrew Beheregarai
Published: August 2017

O presente artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão sistemática do campo de Gestão de Operações de Serviços (GOS) no setor público, no período de 2004 a 2014, a fim de verificar as características e evolução das publicações nacionais na área. Os resultados da pesquisa foram divididos em resultados descritivos e resultados temáticos. Os descritivos buscaram responder quatro questões adaptadas do modelo proposto por Machuca et al. (2007): (A) Que variações, se houver, podem ter ocorrido no número de publicações em Operações de Serviço no setor público no decorrer dos anos? (B) Quais são os principais temas de pesquisa? (C) Que métodos são usados em pesquisas de GOS no setor público? (D) Quais são os setores de atividade mais estudados? Os resultados temáticos se basearam na classificação dos artigos segundo seu tópico focal - conteúdo ou processo - conforme apresentado por Dangayach e Deshmukh (2001) e Boyer et al. (2005). Por meio de resultados descritivos, verificou-se uma distribuição de trabalhos voltados para o setor público acompanhando as publicações gerais de GOS, tendo como principal tema abordado o planejamento, a modelagem como método mais utilizado e o setor de saúde como o mais estudado. Quanto aos resultados temáticos percebeu-se uma concentração de artigos que focam aspectos de conteúdo com perceptível destaque para as subcategorias Capacidade de Fabricação e Medida de Desempenho.
Atitude empreendedora: uma análise da produção científica no web of science no período de 2005 a 2014
Authors: KrÃ¼ger Cristiane , Goulart Cristiane Silveira , Minello Italo Fernando
Published: August 2017

O objetivo deste estudo consiste em apresentar o cenário das pesquisas nas áreas de empreendedorismo e comportamento empreendedor, especificamente atitude empreendedora (entrepreneurial attitude) na base de dados Web of Science, incluindo a caracterização da produção, dos aspectos metodológicos e dos temas correlatos. O trabalho descritivo e quantitativo, de natureza bibliométrica, busca levantar as características da produção acadêmica, para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliométrica, na qual foram investigados 460 artigos publicados no período de 2005 a 2014, no Web of Science, objetivando ampliar o conhecimento referente às publicações relacionadas a atitude empreendedora (entrepreneurial attitude) e o empreendedorismo (entrepreneurship). Inicialmente foi identificado o total de publicações, sendo caracterizados por suas áreas temáticas, tipos de documentos, ano das publicações, autores, agências financiadoras e instituições, países, idiomas e, por fim, foi analisado o índice h-b e o índice m, observou-se que as publicações sobre o tema atitude empreendedora estão crescendo a cada ano, o que contribui para área econômica, o empreendedorismo é considerado um dos responsáveis pelo desenvolvimento econômico e social, o sujeito empreendedor é conhecido por suas características comportamentais, a atitude empreendedora faz parte desse contexto, como determinante sobre qual a intenção de agir do mesmo. O estudo também evidencia a necessidade de maior incentivo para que se proporcione mais pesquisas e estudos sobre o comportamento empreendedor, especificamente atitude empreendedora no Brasil, isso porque o Brasil não consta dentre os dez principais países pesquisadores do tema. No decorrer do trabalho percebeu-se a utilidade de mecanismos de busca como o Web of Science para a realização de pesquisas acadêmicas, que servem de ferramenta para que a comunidade acadêmica tenha acesso às publicações, assim como se busque demais informações a respeito da evolução dos temas de interesse.
Consumers Disposition to Pay: A Projection of Investments in Automobile Eco-Services
Authors: Lucion Eric Vinicius , Barboza Luiz Gustavo Santos , Bertolini Geysler Rogis Flor , Johann Jerry Adriani
Published: August 2017

The research aims to analyze the willingness to pay and the projection of investments in ecological automobile services. The research presents a qualitative and quantitative approach and exploratory character, using bibliographical sources and semi-structured interviews in a first development and, later, statistical analysis of correlation between variables raised through the application of questionnaires via Google Docs to a sample of 384 individuals. As results, the necessities o0066 adaptation in the waste management were verified, as well as the correlation between the variables observable by the potential consumer and their willingness to pay more for these services, providing feasibility to the project.
Competences for sustainability and its institutionalization level in a higher education institution
Authors: Cappellari Nadiessa , Stefano Silvio Roberto , Kuhl Marcos Roberto , Lara Luiz Fernando
Published: August 2017

This paper aims to identify the competences for sustainability and its level of institutionalization from the perspective of the professors of the Department of Applied Social Sciences (SESA) of a State University of the Center-South region of Paraná, Brazil. The research can be characterized by the quantitative approach and survey method. For data collection, an already tested and validated instrument proposed by Stefano and Alberton (2015) was used to identify the 5 (five) competencies for sustainability (focus on systemic thinking; preventive; normative; interpersonal strategic), as well as issues related to their level of institutionalization (habitualization, objectification and sedimentation), based on the model of Tolbert and Zucker (1999). Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Cronbach's Alpha test and Cluster Analysis were performed. The results show that approximately 70% of the respondents consider the existence of competencies for sustainability at the university, however, the institutionalization of the sustainability theme is at the habitualization level. It is important to identify the competencies that favor sustainability practices in the organizational environment, as well as the institutionalization of these new values, especially in public universities, which, besides their social duty, are educating future generations to make decisions, thus being able to promote a more sustainable future.
Satisfação e percepção de dor em puérperas: um estudo comparativo após parto vaginal e cesariana em maternidades públicas de Aracaju
Authors: Rett Mariana Tirolli , Oliveira Danieli Moreira de , Soares Ellen Caroline Gabriel , DeSantana Josimari Melo , Araújo Karina Conceição Gomes Machado de
Published: August 2017

Introdução: Além da qualidade do cuidado, estrutura física e acesso ao serviço de saúde, a assistência humanizada no processo de nascimento deve refletir sobre a experiência de dor e satisfação da mulher. Objetivo: Comparar a satisfação e a percepção de dor vivenciada pela mulher no parto vaginal e na cesariana. Métodos: Estudo descritivo de corte transversal envolvendo puérperas. Foram aplicados: “Questionário de Experiência e Satisfação com o Parto” (QESP) modificado, versão curta do “questionário de dor McGill” e “esquema de representação corporal feminino”. Resultados: Foram entrevistadas 150 puérperas. Após a cesariana, demonstraram maior satisfação quanto à forma que decorreu o trabalho de parto (TP) (p=0,01) e menos satisfação em relação à dor no pós-parto (PP) (p=0,04). As de parto vaginal estavam mais satisfeitas sobre como decorreu o PP (p=0,02) e menos satisfeitas com a intensidade de dor no TP (p=0,03) e no parto (P) (p=0,01). As características dolorosas durante o TP e P foram aguda e cruel-punitiva. Em relação ao PP, a dor em baixo ventre foi mais relatada após a cesariana. A intensidade dolorosa no TP foi significativamente maior no parto vaginal (7,30 (±2,82) versus 5,86 (±3,51)), (p=0,007). Conclusão: As que realizaram cesariana estavam mais satisfeitas como decorreu o TP e menos satisfeitas em relação à dor no PP. As de parto vaginal estavam mais satisfeitas com a forma que decorreu o PP e menos satisfeitas com a intensidade de dor no TP e P.