bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Developing a portable field unit to improve well-child care
Authors: Kindler K. E. , Douglas G. P. , Mtonga T. M. , Katsalira E. , Lungu M. , Newton J. B. , Meyer M. , Castillo T. C.
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: Pediatric growth tracking has been identified as a top priority by international health agencies to assess the severity of malnutrition and stunting. However, remote low-resource settings often lack the necessary infrastructure for longitudinal analysis of growth
for the purposes of early identification and immediate intervention of stunting.METHODS: To address this gap, we developed a portable field unit (PFU) capable of identifying a child over the course of multiple visits, each time adding new anthropomorphic measurements. We conducted
a preliminary field evaluation of the PFU by using the unit on two distinct visits to three schools in the area surrounding a medical clinic in rural San Jose, Honduras. The unit was used to assess children at each school as part of the community outreach.RESULTS: Community outreaches
to three schools were conducted by two distinct teams, where they used the device to assess 210 children. Of the 180 children registered during the first visit, 112 were re-identified and assessed on the subsequent visit. Twenty-four instances of moderate-to-severe malnutrition were identified
and referred for further evaluation to the central clinic.CONCLUSION: This initial assessment suggests that the PFU could be an effective means of identifying at-risk children.
Antibiotic resistance in patients with urinary tract infections in Pakistan
Authors: Bullens M. , de Cerqueira Melo A. , Raziq S. , Lee J. , Khalid G. G. , Khan S. N. , Zada A. , Atta-Ur-Rehman  , Wailly Y. , Zeshan S. M. , Saad N. J. , Gil-Cuesta J. , Williams A.
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: The level of antibiotic resistance of pathogens causing uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) is increasing. The 2017–2018 GLASS (Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System) report indicated >70% resistance to ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin
in Escherichia coli in Pakistan.METHODS: A prospective study was conducted in the Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) supported Timurgara District Hospital, Timurgara, Pakistan, from September 2017 to December 2018. Women aged 18–65 years presenting to the
Emergency Department with symptoms of uncomplicated UTI (cystitis/pyelonephritis) were invited to participate. We conducted microbiological culture and sensitivity testing for samples with positive dipstick or nitrite test.RESULTS: Of the 200 patients who participated, 109 (54.5%)
were diagnosed with pyelonephritis and 91 (45.5%) with cystitis. Forty-three samples (21.5%) were culture-positive: E. coli was isolated in 27 samples, Enterococcus spp. in 7 and Klebsiella pneumoniae in 6. Overall resistance to ciprofloxacin was observed in 51.8% of E.
coli isolates, and ceftriaxone resistance in 66.7% of E. coli isolates and in 33.3% of K. pneumoniae. Resistance to fosfomycin was low (one E. coli isolate).CONCLUSIONS: This study found resistance to first- and second-line antibiotics for treating UTIs
as per the MSF protocol. Heightened awareness and potential changes to local prescription practices are necessary to curb the spread of antimicrobial resistance pathogens causing UTIs.
Thoracic ultrasound for TB diagnosis in adults and children
Authors: Fentress M. , Henwood P. C. , Maharaj P. , Mitha M. , Khan D. , Jackpersad R. , Pitcher R. , Redfern A. , Lopez Varela E. , van der Zalm M. M. , Wong E. B. , Palmer M. , Grant A. D.
Published: March 2022

Thoracic ultrasound is an appealing alternative to chest radiography for the diagnosis of TB. Based on research experience conducting thoracic ultrasound for adults and children in South Africa, three key considerations for potential scale-up were identified. First, thoracic ultrasound
requires a comprehensive training programme for novice users; artificial intelligence may be used to simplify training and interpretation. Second, a robust ultrasound device is needed with good subpleural resolution and a probe suitable for children. Third, comprehensive scanning of the lungs
is time-intensive, and shorter scanning protocols may be more feasible in clinical practice.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health service use in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Quaglio G. , Cavallin F. , Nsubuga J. B. , Lochoro P. , Maziku D. , Tsegaye A. , Azzimonti G. , Kamunga A. M. , Manenti F. , Putoto G.
Published: March 2022

SETTING: Six hospitals in four sub-Saharan African countries.OBJECTIVE: To examine the indirect effects of COVID-19 on health service utilisation and to explore the risk of bias in studies on prediction models.DESIGN: Monthly data were analysed using interrupted
time-series modelling. We used linear mixed-effect models for the analysis of antenatal care visits, institutional deliveries, vaccinations, outpatient visits and hospital admissions, and generalised linear mixed-effect models for hospital mortality.RESULTS: During 2018–2020,
the six hospitals recorded a total of 57,075 antenatal care visits, 38,706 institutional deliveries, 312,961 vaccinations, 605,925 out-patient visits and 143,915 hospital admissions. The COVID-19 period was associated with decreases in vacci-nations (− 575 vaccinations, P <
0.0001), outpatient visits (− 700 visits, P < 0.0001) and hospital admission (− 102 admission, P = 0.001); however, no statistically significant effects were found for antenatal care visits (P = 0.71) or institutional deliveries (P = 0.14). Mortality
rate increased by 2% per month in the pre-COVID-19 period; however, a decreasing trend (by 2% per month) was observed during the COVID-19 period (P = 0.004). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses broadly confirmed the main findings with only minor inconsistencies. A reduction in outpatient
visits was also observed in hospitals from countries with a higher Stringency Index and in urban hospitals.CONCLUSIONS: The pandemic resulted in a reduction in health service utilisation. The decreases were less than anticipated from modelling studies.
Psihologia educatiei. Note de curs
Authors: Busu Oprea-Valentin
Published: March 2022

Autorul evidentiaza o serie de aspecte, adesea neglijate, cu care se confrunta mediul educational romanesc in prezent, printre care si rolul central al gandirii, intelegerii in invatare, nu doar al perceptiei, memoriei si atentiei, relatia functionala profesor - cursant centrata pe nevoia de a invata si a sti pentru viata. In sectorul educational este necesara o cunoastere fina si aprofundata a psihologiei elevului / studentului, intrucat aceasta influenteaza major calitatea actului educativ. Un alt element important asupra caruia s-a insistat in aceasta carte a fost acela al reperelor psihogenetice ale dezvoltarii. Intelegerea epigeneticii, a modului de functionare a sistemului nervos prin prisma proceselor biochimice si biofizice desfasurate la acest nivel ne ajuta sa gasim metode de stimulare a creativitatii elevului si de a obtine performanta scolara. De asemenea, mediul social in care traieste elevul / studentul este indicat ca important, deoarece contribuie la modelarea factorului ereditar in mod indirect. Comunicarea didactica reprezinta un alt subiecct de mare interes, fiind intens dezbatut in cadrul acestui curs, cu recomandarea sa se faca in mod asertiv prin imbinarea eficienta a tuturor tipurilor de comunicare. Prin subiectele de actualitate tratate, lucrarea subliniaza dinamica activitatii didactice, fiind menita sa indrume viitoarele cadre didactice si sa le perfectioneze in procesul educational.
Multimedia in contextul tehnologiile web
Authors: Cotfas Liviu-Adrian
Published: March 2022

Cartea este utilizata drept suport in cadrul cursului de Multimedia predat de autor la Academia de Studii Economice. Poate fi, de asemenea, o referinta relevanta pentru dezvoltatorii software care implementeaza aplicatii multimedia utilizand tehnologii web recente precum HTML5, CSS3 si JavaScript.
Current State of Cytologic-Histologic Correlation Implementation for North American and International Laboratories: Results of the College of American Pathologists Cytopathology Committee Laboratory Practices in Gynecologic Cytology Survey
Authors: Nguyen Lananh N. , Crothers Barbara A. , Davey Diane D. , Natale Kristen E. , Nunez Amberly L. , Harkcom Timothy , Mody Dina R. , Barkan Güliz A. , Souers Rhona J. , Tabatabai Z. Laura , Booth Christine N.
Published: March 2022

Context.—

The College of American Pathologists (CAP) updated the Laboratory Accreditation Program Cytopathology Checklist to assist laboratories in meeting and exceeding the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments standards for gynecologic cytologic-histologic correlation (CHC).

Objective.—

To survey the current CHC practices.

Design.—

Data were analyzed from a survey developed by the committee and distributed to participants in the CAP Gynecologic Cytopathology PAP Education Program mailing.

Results.—

Worldwide, CHC practice is nearly universally adopted, with an overall rate of 87.0% (568 of 653). CHC material was highly accessible. CHC was commonly performed real time/concurrently at the time the corresponding surgical pathology was reviewed. Investigation of CHC discordances varied with North American laboratories usually having a single pathologist review all discrepant histology and cytology slides to determine the reason for discordance, while international laboratories have a second pathologist review histology slides to determine the reason for discordance. The cause of CHC discordance was primarily sampling issues. The more common statistical metrics for CHC monitoring were the total percentage of cases that correlated with subsequent biopsies, screening error rate by cytotechnologist, and interpretative error rate by cytotechnologist.

Conclusions.—

Many laboratories have adopted and implemented the CHC guidelines with identifiable differences in practices between North American and international laboratories. We identify the commonalities and differences between North American and international institutional practices including where CHC is performed, how CHC cases are identified and their accessibility, when CHC is performed, who investigates discordances, what discordances are identified, and how the findings affect quality improvement.
Sleep quality and urinary incontinence in elderly female exercise practitioners
Authors: Verônica da-Luz Débora , Fank Felipe , Pereira Franciele da Silva , Mazo Giovana Zarpellon
Published: March 2022

Objectives: Older women with urinary incontinence (UI) commonly report sleep problems. However, little is known about sleep problems in older women with UI who exercise. We aimed to evaluate the relationship of sleep quality with the presence or absence of UI, urine loss, and nocturia episodes in elderly female practitioners of physical exercise.

Material and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study on older women participating in an extension program, southern Brazil. Data were collected in 2018. Sociodemographic and health characteristics were collected by interview. The International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - short form was applied to evaluate the presence of UI, as well as the frequency and amount of urine loss. The International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Overactive Bladder was used to analyze nocturia episodes. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index.

Results: The study group included 142 older women with a mean age of 68.8±6.8 years. The prevalence of UI was 33.8% (95% CI: 0.26-0.42). Women with UI had higher use of medication, daytime dysfunction, and total sleep quality scores than women without UI (p<0.05). Older women who leak urine several times a day exhibited worse sleep quality than those who lose urine once a week or less (p=0.036). Women with three or more episodes of nocturia also showed worse sleep quality than those without any episode (p=0.029). Conclusion: Exercising older women with UI have worse sleep quality than those without this dysfunction. Furthermore, participants who lose large amounts of urine and have more episodes of nocturia also exhibit worse sleep quality.
Possible influences of vitamin D levels on sleep quality, depression, anxiety and physiological stress in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a case control study
Authors: Dias Carlos José , Barroso Rodrigo , Dias-Filho Carlos Alberto Alves , Ferreira Andressa Coelho , Cabido Christian Emmanuel Torres , Crestani Carlos C , Silva Mayra Santos , Pinheiro Alcimar Nunes , Rodrigues Bruno , Mostarda Cristiano Teixeira
Published: March 2022

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin D deficiency on sleep quality, depression, anxiety, and physiological stress in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We screened for COPD patients with normal (NorVD) (n=24) and insufficient (InsVD) (n=7) vitamin D levels. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), the Beck anxiety inventory (BAI), the Beck depression inventory (BDI) and the Baevsky’s stress index were used for the sleep and psychometric evaluation. The evaluation of sleep quality by PSQI showed that NorVD individuals had higher duration and quality of sleep when compared with the InsVD group. Additionally, the group InsVD presented higher risk of developing sleep quality (OR=6.20; 95% CI=1.334, 29.013; p=0.009). BDI was higher in the InsVD, and this group had a higher risk of developing moderate and severe depression (OR=3.37; 95% CI=0.895, 12.722; p=0.03). The stress index indicated higher values in the InsVD in relation to the NorVD group (InsVD=24±0.8 vs. NorVD=16±0.9), and the group InsVD showed higher risk of developing high and very high physiological stress (OR=7.70; 95% CI=1.351, 43.878; p=0.01). The stress and sleep quality effects were negatively correlated with vitamin D levels. Insufficient levels of vitamin D negatively affect sleep quality and psychometric variables.
Mandibular advancement devices in obstructive sleep apnea: an updated review
Authors: Manetta Izabella Paola , Ettlin Dominik , Sanz Pedro Mayoral , Rocha Isabel , Cruz Miguel Meira e
Published: March 2022

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the most prevalent sleep-disordered breathing in the adult population and if untreated remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy is still the gold standard treatment for OSA, but patient acceptance and adherence are often poor due to a multitude of factors, thereby compromising treatment success. Mandibular advancement devices (MADs) have been proposed not only as a first line therapy for symptomatic snoring patients, but also for those suﬀering from mild to moderate OSA, or those who refuse or do not tolerate CPAP. Yet, improved understanding of MAD regarding design, construction, and mechanisms of action is an important requirement to successfully implement MAD as a therapeutic tool. Therefore, the main focus of this paper is to focus on the general concepts and mechanisms of action of MAD, while highlighting important characteristics in the context of their use as a viable and effective treatment option for OSA patients.
The importance of vitamin a in the nutrition
Authors: Koprivica Marko , Bjelanović Jelena
Published: March 2022

Vitamin A is a group of molecules that are introduced into the body through food. This vitamin is present in food of vegetable and animal origin. Daily vitamin A needs depend on age and reproductive status. The lowest concentrations are required by infants and children up to 14 years of age, while pregnant women and lactating women are more likely to have the highest vitamin A needs. In the human body, vitamin A participates in numerous physiological processes. This vitamin forms the pigment rhodopsin which enables night vision. In addition to this role, vitamin A exerts its function in the immune system, where it participates in maintaining the integrity of the epithelial membranes, as well as in the proper functioning and differentiation of lymphocytes. More recent studies show that vitamin A has a protective role in the process of carcinogenesis and that its regular use prevents gastric cancer from developing. Vitamin A deficiency is a serious public health problem in certain regions of the world, so vitamin supplementation is recommended in some cases in children up to 5 years of age and in pregnant women.
The concordat with Serbia of 1914 as a Forebearer of modern concordats and the model of Church-state cooperation
Authors: Rakitić Dušan
Published: March 2022

The concordat of 1914 affirmed the Kingdom of Serbia, on the eve of the Great War, as the state with sufficient legal and political capacity to secure equal treatment for its newly acquired Catholic minority population in relation to the Orthodox majority, and consequently, to serve as the pivot of unification of South Slavs irrespective of their religious affiliation. The aim of the paper is to examine the claim that the subject concordat represented the model for the new generation of concordats which came into being after World War I. If that hypothesis proves true, the significance of the subject concordat should be assessed against the backdrop of two facts - the key features of the interwar concordats have continued to permeate the concordats that have been concluded since World War II until the present day, as well as that the subject conceptual approach to concordats, as agreements of two equal counterparties on issues of common interest, made way to the model of Church-state cooperation, which is pervasive in modern-day Europe. The conclusion may further magnify the seminal nature of the concordat concluded with the Kingdom of Serbia in 1914, and, consequently, of its own ancient and rudimentary predecessor, the concordat with the Principality of Montenegro of 1886.
Development of sustainable products from oil palm towards enhancing national food security: A review
Authors: Assian Ubong , Okoko Joseph , Alonge Folarin , Udoumoh Unwana , Ehiomogue Precious
Published: March 2022

Increasing threat insecurity of food production in Nigeria is perceived in almost all parts and areas of the national food production. Food insecurity seems to be a global challenge that has a lot to do with surge in energy demand, population growth, climate change and competition for land, food and water. The rural settlements are more prone to irregular food supply, malnutrition, and low quality foods, high cost of food items and even widespread lack of food. This has created a serious concern towards national food security. However, the availability of agricultural and food products could mitigate this menace. So, in an attempt to arrest this situation, this paper presents a review of the development of some sustainable products from oil palm towards enhancing national food security. In a nutshell, it highlights the overview of oil palm tree, its classification, current and future mechanization, processing of oil palm fruit from the bunch to crude palm kernel oil extraction and other by-products, application of the products; and production capacity of palm oil from 2010 to 2020 in Nigeria. Besides, nutritional composition of palm oil and palm kernel oil, rationale for the use of oil palm and its derivatives in the development of sustainable food and allied products are also discussed. Furthermore, concept of sustainable palm oil, some food products made from palm oil and its functional attributes; and the development of some selected food products with palm oil as one of the major ingredients are also highlighted.
The importance of electronic storage of documentation in agricultural enterprises in the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Jeremić Dejan , Stanojević Slobodan
Published: March 2022

In this study, the authors point out the importance of archiving documentation in agricultural enterprises in the Republic of Serbia. The aim of the study was to point out the importance of a new approach (application of electronic archiving) in agricultural enterprises. This is of great importance because documentation is the basis for financial reporting and financially stable management in the company. The survey was conducted in 144 agricultural enterprises and we found that financial management and control was introduced in 79 enterprises, and that an insufficient level of control at the enterprise level was present in 65 enterprises. By presenting the Phi/Cramer correlation coefficient, the authors proved the existence of statistical significance (p = .00) and achieving more secure archiving of documentation in agricultural enterprises that have introduced a system of financial management and control in their regular operations.
Analiza temperatura na mjernim mjestima komponenti vjetroagregata 1 u VE "Rudine"
Authors: Krunić Gojko , Vasković Srđan , Krile Srećko , Reščec Boris
Published: March 2022

The paper presents an analysis of the temperature at the measuring points of individual components of wind turbines 1 in the wind farm (WPP) "Rudine". The characteristics of hubs, gearbox, generators and nacelles of wind turbines 1 are described. The temperature movements at the measuring points of the mentioned components during one day during different equidistant ten-minute intervals are shown. The minimum, average and maximum temperatures at the measuring points of the wind turbine 1 components were analyzed, the times of their occurrence were recorded and the ten-minute intervals in which they were measured were stated. By comparing the measurement data measured at the measurement locations of wind turbine 1 components, it is possible to observe their interdependence.
emoTouch Web – a web-based system for continuous real time studies with smartphones, tablets, and desktop computers
Authors: Louven Christoph , Scholle Carolin , Gehrs Fabian , Lenz Antonia
Published: March 2022

emoTouch Web is a new web-based system for designing, conducting and evaluating continuous real-time studies in all disciplines dealing with time-bound phenomena, such as music, theatre, dance, film, commercials, lectures, speeches or sport events. The system uses modern web and network technologies to easily turn every modern smartphone, tablet, or computer into a flexible and reliable research tool for continuous response studies in laboratory, online and live settings. Even the participant’s own devices can be used easily (“Bring-Your-Own-Device”, BYOD). The system contains coordinated tools for the graphical and numerical review, evaluation and analysis of the collected real time data in longitudinal and cross-section. emoTouch Web may be used free of charge for scientific purposes.
Invasión rusa en Ucrania: análisis desinformativo de la primera semana de conflicto
Authors:   Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, López-Borrull Alexandre
Published: March 2022

Escribo este artículo el 1 de marzo, sexto día de la invasión rusa de Ucrania, una nueva guerra en Europa. Lo empiezo expresamente con las dos palabras (guerra, invasión) que curiosamente no aparecen de momento en los medios informativos prorrusos, ocultas tras el eufemismo de operación militar especial. Sí, me resulta difícil mantener la objetividad (pero no la neutralidad) a la hora de hablar y analizar lo que está sucediendo.
Theoretical design and study of two-dimensional organic ferroelectric monolayer based on cyclobutene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid
Authors: Tong Jian , Ma Liang ,   School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
Published: March 2022

Compared with traditional inorganic ferroelectric materials, organic molecular ferroelectric materials possess many advantages, such as light weight, flexibility, no heavy metal atoms and low cost, and have received extensive attention for a long time. In recent years, atomic-thick two-dimensional (2D) inorganic ferroelectric materials have achieved breakthrough and attracted much attention. However, there are few reports on the design and research of two-dimensional organic ferroelectric materials. In this paper, we theoretically propose a 2D monolayer organic ferroelectric molecular crystal with the cyclobutene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid (CBDC) molecules as the building block based on density functional theory calculations. The bulk of CBDC molecular crystals clearly shows layered structure due to the chain-like arrangement of hydrogen bonds in crystal. It is found that the internal hydrogen bond chains give rise to the anisotropic cleavage energy values along different crystal planes of the CBDC molecular crystal bulk. Theoretical calculation suggests that the CBDC based 2D monolayer organic ferroelectric molecular crystal can be achieved by the mechanical/chemical peeling along the (102) crystal plane because of the lowest cleavage energy. It is predicted that the in-plane spontaneous polarization of the CBDC (102) molecular crystal monolayer is ～0.39 × 10–6 μC/cm, which is comparable to those of some inorganic counterparts. Calculations also indicate that the CBDC (102) molecular crystal monolayer shows a high polarization reversal barrier and is sensitive to the external uniaxial stress. The CBDC (102) monolayer organic ferroelectric molecular crystal reveals high in-plane spontaneous polarization with polarization reversal barrier easily modulated by the interface strain engineering, thereby rendering it great potential in lightweight, metal-free and flexible ferroelectric devices.
Posterior Ankle Impingement Syndrome in a Nonathletic Population: Causes, Treatment Modalities, and the Results of Endoscopic Treatment
Authors: Cengiz Bertan , Moradi Ramin , Karaoglu Sinan
Published: March 2022

Background: A common cause of posterior ankle pain is posterior ankle impingement syndrome (PAIS). Many studies about PAIS have been conducted on special groups such as athletes and dancers; there has been no previous study of a nonathletic population. This study aimed to evaluate the causes and treatment methods of PAIS in the nonathletic population and compare it with the athletic population.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed and 28 of 46 patients (60.9%) recovered from two-staged conservative therapy. In the 18 patients (39.1%) who did not benefit from 3 months of conservative treatment, hindfoot endoscopy was applied. Patient data, including sex, age, occupation, and sports activity level, were recorded. Visual analog scale, American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot, and Tegner scores were recorded. Patient satisfaction was assessed with a 4-point Likert scale. Complications were recorded.

Results: Mean follow-up was 27.4 months. At final follow-up, the AOFAS hindfoot score had significantly improved from 66.4 to 96.8 (P < .001). The Tegner score improved significantly from 4.6 to 8.8 (P < .001). The visual analog scale score was 6.4 and increased to 0.9 (P < .001). Using the 4-point Likert scale for patient satisfaction, 13 (72.2%) stated that the surgical procedure was excellent and five (27.8%) good. Mean time to return to work was 4.2 weeks. Sural nerve dysesthesia was seen in two patients (11.1%).

Conclusions: This is the first study to evaluate PAIS in the nonathletic population. Conservative treatment showed good results as nearly two-thirds of the patients recovered. Hindfoot endoscopy in those not responding to conservative therapy is a successful treatment with low complication rates.
Vacilando entre hilos y agujas: una investigación sobre la dimensión táctil en la experimentación en diseño
Authors:   Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, Departamento de Diseño, Copetti Maccagnan Ana Maria , Corrêa Meyer Guilherme Englert ,   Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, Departamento de Diseño
Published: March 2022

Aunque la experimentación y su aspecto material están ligados a la práctica del di­seño, existen pocos textos que aborden la relación entre estos temas y la dimensión táctil. Teniendo en cuenta que, como so­ciedad, nos encontramos en tiempos que percibimos como inciertos y críticos, se hace necesario desarrollar prácticas diferentes a las que prevalecen en los campos del diseño de interacción, que sean capaces de tocar otros mundos posibles. Confiamos en que el acto de disminuir la velocidad nos permita cultivar una sensibilidad distinta, permitiéndonos vacilar en la construcción de un “buen mundo común”. Este artículo investiga los espacios de vacilación a través de la experimentación guiada por el tacto e informa sobre un caso específico, una prácti­ca experimental desarrollada a partir de la formación de un colectivo de bordadoras. La práctica propone un proceso de diseño más comprometido con las incertidumbres, los cuidados y las subjetividades.
Diseño Somático: Sobre la articulación, la materialidad, la política y el cuerpo. Entrevista con Kristina Höök
Authors:   KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Núñez-Pacheco Claudia ,   Digital Futures
Published: March 2022

Kristina Höök es profesora de Diseño de Interacción en el Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), donde dirige el Grupo de Investigación de Diseño Somaestético, un laboratorio que explora diversas formas de reincorporar el cuerpo y el movi­miento a un régimen de diseño que durante mucho tiempo ha privilegiado el lenguaje y la lógica. La investigación de Höök sobre la interacción afectiva, el diseño somaestético y el Inter­net de las cosas busca que la vida con la tecnología sea más sig­nificativa, agradable, creativa y estéticamente atractiva, para lo cual se enfoca en el soma, es decir, en nuestro cuerpo vivo, intencionado, sensible y perceptivo. Autora de Designing with the Body: Somaesthetic Interaction Design (MIT Press, 2018), Kristina Höök comienza la entre­vista definiendo brevemente el diseño somático en relación con la somaestética y las teorías feministas. A la luz de la defi­nición fundamental de la somaestética y la función que cumple el desarrollo del yo y la apreciación sensorial, Höök hace dis­tinciones entre el diseño somático y otros enfoques de diseño, discutiendo, por ejemplo, las tensiones entre el uso del len­guaje y el cuerpo, el cultivo de la sensibilidad somática frente a la corrección, el desarrollo pausado frente a la obsesión por las soluciones, la cultura frente a la naturaleza y la materiali­dad tangible frente a la digital. Höök aclara que, para el diseño somático, la importancia de articular en detalle la experien­cia no traiciona la centralidad del cuerpo y que acciones tales como dibujar, hacer y codificar podrían representar medios de articulación en sí mismos.
Diseño y sensibilidades somáticas
Authors:   KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Núñez-Pacheco Claudia , Ciolfi Felice Marianela ,   KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Tsaknaki Vasiliki ,   IT University of Copenhagen
Published: March 2022

Cultivar la sensibilidad somática implica aumentar nuestra apre­ciación sensorial como vía para idear experiencias multisensoriales significativas en el diseño de interacción. Inmersos en un mundo cada vez más digitalizado y centrado en los datos, los proyectos de investigación centrados en la realidad sensorial, corporizada y material de nuestra experiencia, podrían empezar a perder impulso. Por otra parte, la pandemia también ha desplazado nuestros laboratorios, trasladándolos desde el carácter público del taller a la intimidad de nuestros hogares, aportando beneficios y retos inesperados. Los artículos incluidos en este número se centran en las experiencias sensoriales y materiales de diseñadoras que trabajan con métodos de diseño que ponen los modos somá­ticos de indagación en primer plano, mostrando cómo estos cambios podrían abrir nuevas oportunidades para subrayar la importancia de las prácticas corporizadas y somáticas en el diseño y la HCI.
Benign Atrophic Papulosis as a Paraneoplastic Clinical Marker
Authors: Kantardjiev V. , Sharkova R. , Broshtilova V.
Published: March 2022

Degos’ disease is a rare vascular disorder with a cutaneous-limited form - benign atrophic papulosis, and a systemic variant - malignant atrophic papulosis. The aetiology of this condition is unknown. The cutaneous signs – papular skin lesions with central porcelain-white atrophy and surrounding telangiectatic rim – are pathognomonic. Extracutaneous, systemic involvement includes multiple limited infarcts of the gastrointestinal system, central nervous system and other organs. Here, we report a patient with cutaneous manifestation of Degos disease associated with a squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. The patient had no other internal organs involvement. Benign Degos’ disease is anecdotally rare, and no other association with neoplastic conditions have been reported, to date. A speculation of the possible common pathogenetic pathways is also presented.
Electrooxidation of Iohexol in Its Commercial Formulation Omnipaque on Boron Doped Diamond Electrode
Authors: Kouakou Jocelin Kimou , Ollo Kambiré , Sylvestre Koffi Konan , Kouakou Etienne Kouadio , Souleymane Koné , Lassiné Ouattara
Published: March 2022

This study investigated the electrochemical behavior of iohexol in its commercial formulation omnipaque on a boron-doped diamond electrode using cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. The dependence of the anodic peak current density vs. iohexol concentration is linear and can be applied to the determination of the substrate concentration in environmental samples and pharmaceuticals. The iohexol electrooxidation on boron-doped diamond electrode is diffusion-controlled process and proceed via two ways: a direct electron transfers at the surface of boron-doped diamond electrode and an indirect oxidation mediated by in situ oxidative species. The iohexol electrooxidation in pH range from 2 to 6 includes exchange of 4 electrons and 1 proton, at pH superior to 6 it includes an exchanged of 2 electrons and 1 proton. The values of activation energy, anodic transfer coefficient, heterogenous rate constant, diffusion coefficient and the catalytic rate constant were 14.164 kJ mol-1, 0.428, 1.06 s-1, 4.47 cm2 s-1 and 3.61 M-1 s-1 respectively. It appears from those results that, on our electrode, for the high potential scan rates, few actives sites mainly those located at the electrode surface are involved in the iohexol oxidation process. As the potential scan rate decreases, more actives sites are involved in the process.
Isolated Pattern of Microorganism among Pediatric Patients with Ventilator-associated Pneumonia (VAP) in a Tertiary Care Hospital Karachi
Authors: Khan Faiza , Khan Maqsood Ahmed , Alam Shazia , Zeb-Un-Nisa . , Kafeel Bisma , Shumail . , Shafiq Sara , Gulraiz Muhammad , Shahnaz Saira
Published: March 2022

Background: The Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common condition with inflammation of lungs. The patients on mechanical ventilation or artificial breathings for 48 to 72 hours tend to developed this condition., which is a type of Nosocomial Pneumonia.

Objective: To assess the causative agent and treatment pattern among the patients suffering from ventilator associated pneumonia.

Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted for the period of 8 months at a tertiary health care setup of the Karachi Pakistan among the patient’s with VAP. Total of 72 patients with confirmed diagnosis of VAP were included in the study. Data was collected from the children intensive care units on a structed questionnaire. The required variables were obtained from the patients files/Records after the ethical approval was obtained before the collection of data Results were evaluated using the SPSS version 20.0.

Results: The study found out that the VAP is most type of hospital acquired pneumonia form the health care system., showed 59.8% (n=61) males and 34.3% (n=35) females’ patients with VAP diagnosis. The age group revealed majority of the patients 46.1% (n=47) were 0–1-year-old, 11.8% (n=12) patients were above 2- 3 years old. 18.6% patients (n=19) were >3 years-4years old. The study also assesses ventilators support >48 hours have around 20-30% (Mean 6.9 days CI: 1.16-3.65) chance to develop the VAP. The subsequent effects of VAP shows the two-fold rates of mortality hence requiring the more length of stay at hospital and extra charges.

Conclusion: The VAP occurs among the considerable numbers of patients on the ventilator supports, the findings suggests that an appropriate management, prevention strategies and effective treatment is needed to reduces the mortality and complications of VAP.
A Review on Role of Zebrafish in Huntington’s Disease
Authors: Chaturvedi Bhumi , Goswami Shambaditya , Bareth Hemant , Patel Akhilesh , Sharma Rajesh Kumar , Nathiya Deepak , Jain Arjav , Pal Nikita
Published: March 2022

Treatment and effective therapies of most of the neurodegenerative disease are not available due to social and economic factors which makes it incurable. Huntington’s disease is one of such disease. Huntington’s disease (HD) is an inherited condition which leads to progressive degeneration of nerve cells may leads to cognitive, behavioral, and psychiatric symptoms. Discovery of zebrafish has filled the gap between in vitro and in vivo assays and makes the study of neuroscience easy with less complications. Zebrafish model has become a recent topic to focus on, as its utility in the study of neurological disease and role in improving screening methods makes the treatment and therapies more productive. Zebrafish hold many advanced functional genomics like human disease, the understanding of genetics, neurodegenerative disease and disorders and the discovery of therapeutics. It assess the mutant gene, etiology of human’s disease, and it is role in the disease progression and allows the identification of relevant treatment for the same. This review highlights the role of the zebrafish in the Huntington’s disease.
Sphaerochaetaceae
Authors: Nazina Tamara N. , Bidzhieva Salimat K. , Grouzdev Denis S. , Löffler Frank E.
Published: March 2022

Sphae.ro.chae.ta.ce'ae. N.L. fem. n.
Sphaerochaeta
type genus of the family; L. suff. –
aceae
, ending to denote a family; N.L. fem. pl. n.
Sphaerochaetaceae
the family of the genus
Sphaerochaeta
.

Spirochaetes / Spirochaetia / Spirochaetales / Sphaerochaetaceae

The family
Sphaerochaetaceae
accommodates the genera
Sphaerochaeta, Parasphaerochaeta,
and
Pleomorphochaeta
. Pleomorphic, anaerobic spirochetes with fermentative metabolisms. Gram‐negative spherical or pleomorphic cells occur singly, in pairs, or assembled in aggregates. Motile cells with spiral (helical) morphology are rare but may occur in the growth cycle in some species. Mesophilic or psychrophilic. Freshwater and marine; some species are halotolerant. Neutrophilic. Chemoorganoheterotrophic anaerobes. Fermentative growth is observed with carbohydrates including pentose and hexose monosaccharides, disaccharides, and soluble starch. Carbohydrate fermentation yields various products including acetate. No growth with cellulose or via H
2
/CO
2
reductive acetogenesis. May require yeast extract for growth. Oxidase‐negative. Isoprenoid quinones absent. Genome sizes range from 2.2 to 3.6 Mb. Free‐living, in microbial assemblages, or host associated.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 28.7–51 (genome sequence).

Type genus
:
Sphaerochaeta
Ritalahti et al. 2012
VP
emend. Abt et al. 2012, Miyazaki et al. 2014, Arroua et al. 2017, Bidzhieva et al. 2020.
Achieving 16% Efficiency for Polythiophene Organic Solar Cells with a Cyano‐Substituted Polythiophene
Authors: Yuan Xiyue , Zhao Yunli , Zhang Yue , Xie Dongsheng , Deng Wanyuan , Li Junyu , Wu Hongbin , Duan Chunhui , Huang Fei , Cao Yong
Published: March 2022

Polythiophenes (PTs) are promising electron donors in organic solar cells (OSCs) due to their simple structures and excellent synthetic scalability. However, the device performance of PT‐based OSCs is rather poor due mainly to large photon energy losses and an unfavorable active layer morphology. Herein, the authors report a new PT, which is abbreviated as P5TCN‐2F and features cyano‐group substituents for high‐efficiency OSCs. The cyano‐group endows P5TCN‐2F with a deep‐lying highest occupied molecular orbital energy level, which thereby contributed to high open‐circuit voltage in OSCs as a result of reduced non‐radiative recombination energy loss. Moreover, the cyano‐group leads to strong interchain interaction, improved polymer crystallinity, and appropriate miscibility with the prevailing non‐fullerene acceptors. Consequently, P5TCN‐2F offers over 15% power conversion efficiency when blended with various Y‐series non‐fullerene acceptors (Y6, Y6‐BO, eC9, and L8‐BO). Particularly, a champion efficiency of 16.1% is obtained by the P5TCN‐2F:Y6 blend, which is largely higher than that of any previous PT‐based OSCs. Moreover, the average figure of merit of the active layer based on P5TCN‐2F is much superior to that of benzodithiophene‐based polymers. These results suggest the renaissance of PT‐based OSCs and have opened an avenue to access high‐performance materials for the large‐scale production of OSC modules.
Thermoplasmonics in Solar Energy Conversion: Materials, Nanostructured Designs, and Applications
Authors: Yang Bei , Li Chenyu , Wang Zhifeng , Dai Qing
Published: March 2022

The indispensable requirement for sustainable development of human society has forced almost all countries to seek highly efficient and cost‐effective ways to harvest and convert solar energy. Though continuous progress has advanced, it remains a daunting challenge to achieve full‐spectrum solar absorption and maximize the conversion efficiency of sunlight. Recently, thermoplasmonics has emerged as a promising solution, which involves several beneficial effects including enhanced light absorption and scattering, generation and relaxation of hot carriers, as well as localized/collective heating, offering tremendous opportunities for optimized energy conversion. Besides, all these functionalities can be tailored via elaborated designs of materials and nanostructures. Here, first the fundamental physics governing thermoplasmonics is presented and then the strategies for both material selection and nanostructured designs toward more efficient energy conversion are summarized. Based on this, recent progress in thermoplasmonic applications including solar evaporation, photothermal chemistry, and thermophotovoltaic is reviewed. Finally, the corresponding challenges and prospects are discussed.
Polymer‐Functionalized Mitochondrial Transplantation to Plaque Macrophages as a Therapeutic Strategy Targeting Atherosclerosis
Authors: Liu Haoran , Wu Suhong , Lee Hyunho , Baudo Gherardo , Massaro Matteo , Zhang Aijun , Hamilton Dale J. , Blanco Elvin
Published: March 2022

The pro‐inflammatory microenvironment that contributes to atherosclerotic plaque progression is sustained by M1 macrophages. Metabolic reprogramming toward heightened glycolysis accompanies M1 macrophage polarization, with approaches aimed at lessening glycolytic metabolism in macrophages standing to impact disease progression. The objective is to decrease the inflammatory response in atherosclerotic lesions by inducing favorable metabolic phenotypes in macrophages using an innovative mitochondrial transplantation strategy. The hypothesis is that delivery of mitochondria, functionalized with a dextran and triphenylphosphonium (Dextran‐TPP) polymer conjugate for enhanced cellular transplantation, to atherosclerotic plaques properly regulates M1 macrophage bioenergetics, attenuating inflammatory processes and preventing plaque progression. Dextran‐TPP mitochondria transplantation to M1 macrophages has profound effects on cell bioenergetics, resulting in increased oxygen consumption rate and reduced glycolytic flux that coincides with a decreased inflammatory response. Upon intravenous delivery to ApoE−/− mice fed a high fat diet, Dextran‐TPP mitochondria accumulate in aortic plaques and co‐localize with macrophages. Importantly, Dextran‐TPP mitochondria treatment reduces the plaque burden in ApoE−/− mice, improving cholesterol levels, and ameliorating hepatic steatosis and inflammation. Findings highlight Dextran‐TPP mitochondria as a novel biological particle for the treatment of atherosclerosis, underlining the potential for macrophage metabolic regulation as a therapy in other diseases.
Macroscale Robust Superlubricity on Metallic NbB2
Authors: Wang Jia , Liu Chang , Miao Kaifei , Zhang Kan , Zheng Weitao , Chen Changfeng
Published: March 2022

Robust superlubricity (RSL), defined by concurrent superlow friction and wear, holds great promise for reducing material and energy loss in vast industrial and technological operations. Despite recent advances, challenges remain in finding materials that exhibit RSL on macrolength and time scales and possess vigorous electrical conduction ability. Here, the discovery of RSL is reported on hydrated NbB2 films that exhibit vanishingly small coefficient of friction (0.001–0.006) and superlow wear rate (≈10−17 m3 N−1 m−1) on large length scales reaching millimeter range and prolonged time scales lasting through extensive loading durations. Moreover, the measured low resistivity (≈10−6 Ω m) of the synthesized NbB2 film indicates ample capability for electrical conduction, extending macroscale RSL to hitherto largely untapped metallic materials. Pertinent microscopic mechanisms are elucidated by deciphering the intricate load‐driven chemical reactions that generate and sustain the observed superlubricating state and assessing the strong stress responses under diverse strains that produce the superior durability.
Mantle cell lymphoma in 2022—A comprehensive update on molecular pathogenesis, risk stratification, clinical approach, and current and novel treatments
Authors: Jain Preetesh , Wang Michael L.
Published: March 2022

The field of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) has witnessed remarkable progress due to relentless advances in molecular pathogenesis, prognostication, and newer treatments. MCL consists of a spectrum of clinical subtypes. Rarely, atypical cyclin D1‐negative MCL and in situ MCL neoplasia are identified. Prognostication of MCL is further refined by identifying somatic mutations (such as TP53, NSD2, KMT2D), methylation status, chromatin organization pattern, SOX‐11 expression, minimal residual disease (MRD), and genomic clusters. Lymphoid tissue microenvironment studies demonstrated the role of B‐cell receptor signaling, nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐kB), colony‐stimulating factor (CSF)‐1, the CD70‐SOX‐11 axis. Molecular mechanism of resistance, mutation dynamics, and pathogenic pathways (B‐cell receptor (BCR), oxidative phosphorylation, and MYC) were identified in mediating resistance to various treatments (bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors [ibrutinib, acalabrutinib]. Treatment options range from conventional chemoimmunotherapy and stem cell transplantation (SCT) to targeted therapies against BTK (covalent and noncovalent), Bcl2, ROR1, cellular therapy such as anti‐CD19 chimeric antigen receptor therapy (CAR‐T), and most recently bispecific antibodies against CD19 and CD20. MCL patients frequently relapse. Complex pathogenesis and the management of patients with progression after treatment with BTK/Bcl2 inhibitors and CAR‐T (triple‐resistant MCL) remain a challenge. Next‐generation clinical trials incorporating newer agents and concurrent translational and molecular investigations are ongoing.
Silver‐Catalyzed One‐Pot Access to Diastereoselective Benzo[5,6]oxepino[2,3‐c]pyrroles via Formal (5+2)‐Annulation of Donor‐/Acceptor‐Type Aryl Vinyl Diazosuccinimide with Ketones
Authors: Laha Debasish , Meher Kajal B. , Bankar Onkar S. , Bhat Ramakrishna G.
Published: March 2022

A silver triflimide catalyzed one‐pot protocol for the diastereoselective synthesis of dihydrobenzoxepines has been developed. Silver triflimide was found to be an efficient catalyst for the formal (5+2)‐cycloaddition to access dihydrobenzoxepines as a single diastereomer using vinyl diazosuccinimides as 5‐C‐synthons and ketones. An unmet challenge of utilizing the donor‐/acceptor‐type vinyl diazosuccinimides as 5‐C‐synthons under silver‐catalysis is presented. This protocol was found to be highly regio‐, chemo‐ and diastereoselective, and works well with aliphatic as well as aromatic methyl ketones bearing electron deactivating as well as donating groups to afford dihydrobenzo[5,6]oxepino[2,3‐c]pyrroles. The control experiments and time‐dependent NMR studies revealed the plausible mechanism of this transformation. The protocol also proved to be scalable on the gram‐scale synthesis.