bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Critical Review of Studies on Water Resources in the Souss-Massa Basin, Morocco: Envisioning a Water Research Agenda for Local Sustainable Development
Authors: Attar Oumaima , Brouziyne Youssef , Bouchaou Lhoussaine , Chehbouni Abdelghani
Published: April 2022

Most recent studies confirm a decreasing trend in water resources availability in the northern African region; the high competition between the sectors that use this vital resource, and the changing climate are considered as the main factors behind this situation. Under such very dynamic interactions between the natural resources, climate and the socioeconomic sectors, scientists from different perspectives have a challenging task to provide up-to-date and reliable insights to guide potential sustainable management strategies. Through the case of the Souss-Massa, the present study aims to provide state of the art scientific research on water resources. It is based on data from publications in the two databases Scopus and Web of Science, unpublished papers and reports as well as various theses. The Vosviewer data visualization tool was used to analyze different aspects of the publications, including the time distribution of water resources related research, the research topics as well as the different approaches adopted by the authors. In addition, this review summarizes results of previous research investigations carried out on the quantity and quality of water resources in relation to agriculture as well as to climate change and variability. The study showed that the period 2016–2021 was the most significant in terms of the number of research papers published. The maps of publications analyzed showed that researchers working in the area focus more on the study of the quality, chemical processing and the impacts of climate change on the availability of water resources. The results showed that Souss-Massa is a region where an important amount of research on climate and water has been carried out. Hence, to keep up with the rapid evolution of land use and other anthropogenic actions in the basin there remain several gaps in knowledge and constraints to address. In order to provide potential research opportunities in the Souss-Massa basin, in terms of scope and methods, this review identifies several gaps in research namely data quality and availability, as well as gaps in water resources modelling. A detailed discussion has been provided on the possibilities to develop and address the research gaps in the region.
Spatial Distribution and Source Identification of Water Quality Parameters of an Industrial Seaport Riverbank Area in Bangladesh
Authors: Islam M. Shahidul , Nakagawa Kei , Abdullah-Al-Mamun M. , Khan Abu Shamim , Goni Md. Abdul , Berndtsson Ronny
Published: April 2022

The Pasur River is a vital reservoir of surface water in the Sundarbon area in Bangladesh. Mongla seaport is located on the bank of this river. Many industries and other commercial sectors situated in this port area are discharging waste into the river without proper treatment. For this reason, geospatial analysis and mapping of water pollutant distribution were performed to assess the physicochemical and toxicological situation in the study area. We used different water quality indices such as Metal Index (MI), Comprehensive Pollution Index (CPI), and Weighted Arithmetic Water Quality Index Method (WQI) to improve the understanding of pollution distribution and processes determining the quality of river water. Multivariate statistical methods were used to evaluate loads and sources of pollutants in the Pasur River system. The results indicate that the sources of contaminants are both geogenic and anthropogenic, including untreated or poorly treated wastewater from industries and urban domestic waste discharge. The concentration range of total suspended solid (TSS), chloride, iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn) were from 363.2 to 1482.7, 108.2 to 708.93, 1.13 to 2.75, and 0.19 to 1.41 mg/L, respectively, significantly exceeding the health-based guideline of WHO and Bangladeshi standards. The high Fe and Mn contents are contributions from geogenic and anthropogenic sources such as industrial waste and construction activities. The average pH value was 8.73, higher than the WHO and Bangladeshi standard limit. WQI (ranging from 391 to 1336), CPI (6.71 to 23.1), and MI (7.23 to 23.3) were very high and greatly exceeded standard limits indicating that the Pasur River water is highly polluted. The results of this study can be used as a first reference work for developing a surface water quality monitoring system and guide decisionmakers for priorities regarding wastewater treatment.
Derosion Lattice Performance and Optimization in Solving an End Effect Assessed by CFD: A Case Study in Thailand’s Beach
Authors: Thongsri Jatuporn , Tangsopa Worapol , Kaewbumrung Mongkol , Phanak Mongkol , Busayaporn Wutthikrai
Published: April 2022

Thailand’s beach had a severe coastal erosion problem at the end of rock dams called the “end effect”. One of the innovative solutions to solve this problem is to use the derosion lattice (DL). However, since the DL performance depends on installing conditions such as angle of attack, placement position, terrain, and climate, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was applied to assess the end effect’s occurrence and optimize the performance of DL’s installation. Based on Khao Rup Chang’s condition, a suffered beach in Thailand was used as a case study, and a free surface flow simulation was performed in the transient state using ANSYS Fluent, a CFD software, which revealed water waves flow through the beach with and without the DL installation cases. Furthermore, the CFD-assessed results indicated that the angle of attack and placement position affected the DL performance as expected. In optimization, the 15° angle of attack with the DL placement adjacent to the rock dam was the proper condition. After being applied at the actual site, the DL can help reduce erosion, increase sedimentation, and solve the end effect with excellent performance.
Evaluation of Spatial-Temporal Characteristics of Rainfall Variations over Thailand Inferred from Different Gridded Datasets
Authors: Torsri Kritanai , Lin Zhaohui , Dike Victor Nnamdi , Thodsan Thippawan , Wongsaming Prapaporn
Published: April 2022

The fidelity of gridded rainfall datasets is important for the characterization of rainfall features across the globe. This study investigates the climatology, interannual variability, and spatial-temporal variations of seasonal rainfall over Thailand during the 1970–2007 period using station data obtained from the Thai Meteorological Department (TMDstn). In addition, the performance of three gridded rainfall datasets, namely APHRODITE, CRU, and GPCC, in reproducing these seasonal rainfall features were intercompared and further validated with the results derived from the TMDstn. Results show that the gridded datasets can reproduce the spatial distribution of the TMDstn’s summer mean rainfall. However, large systematic underestimation is seen in APHRODITE, while GPCC shows better agreement with TMDstn as compared to others. In the winter, the spatial distribution of the seasonal mean of rainfall is well captured by all gridded data, especially in the upper part of Thailand, while they failed to capture high rainfall intensity in the south and the eastern parts of Thailand. Meanwhile, all the gridded datasets underestimated the interannual variability of summer and winter season rainfall. Using EOF analysis, we demonstrate that all the gridded datasets captured the first two dominant modes of summer rainfall, while they underestimated the explained variance of EOF-1. In the winter season, a good agreement is found between the first two modes of the TMDstn and the gridded datasets for both the spatial pattern and temporal variation. Overall, the GPCC data show relatively better performance in reproducing the spatial distribution of rainfall climatology and their year-to-year variation over Thailand. Furthermore, the performance of the gridded datasets over Thailand is largely dependent on the season and the complexity of the topography. However, this study indicates the existence of systematic bias in the gridded rainfall datasets when compared with TMDstn. Therefore, this indicates the need for users to pay attention to the reliability of gridded rainfall datasets when trying to identify possible mechanisms responsible for the interannual variability of seasonal rainfall over Thailand.
Risk Assessment of Nitrate Pollution in the Shallow Groundwater of the Mihe Alluvial–Diluvial Fan Based on a DEA Model
Authors: Zhao Qi , Li Fulin , Zhu Aihua , Zhang Xiaoming , Chen Huawei , Sun Tingting
Published: April 2022

Affected by excessive fertilizer application and livestock breeding, the problem of nitrate pollution in the groundwater in the Mihe alluvial–diluvial fan area is becoming increasingly prominent, which poses a great threat to human production and life. Given this, the risk of nitrate pollution in the shallow groundwater of the Mihe alluvial–diluvial fan is evaluated by introducing a data envelopment analysis (DEA) method. Using this model, 28 groundwater sampling points are selected as the decision-making unit (DMU); the nitrogen and pesticide application rate, livestock and poultry stock, groundwater burial depth, aquifer water abundance, and vegetable planting area are taken as the model input; and the nitrate content is taken as the model output to quantitatively calculate the pollution risk index to form a spatial distribution map of pollution risk. The calculation using the model shows that the average pollution risk index of the study area is 0.382, the spatial variation is 1.12, the pollution risk index gradually decreases from south to north, and agricultural planting and livestock and poultry breeding are the main pollution sources. The calculation of nitrate pollution risk using this model not only enriches the nitrate pollution evaluation model but also provides a basis for further implementing the action of reducing fertilizer use by increasing its efficiency and strengthening the prevention of agricultural diffused pollution.
Low-Carbon Tour Route Algorithm of Urban Scenic Water Spots Based on an Improved DIANA Clustering Model
Authors: Zhou Xiao , Zhang De , Tian Jiangpeng , Su Mingzhan
Published: April 2022

Aiming at the problems in current research into low-carbon and water scenery tourism, this paper brings forward a low-carbon tour route algorithm of urban scenic water spots based on an improved Divisive Analysis clustering model. Based on the ecological attributes of scenic water spots, the clustering model is set up to create scenic spot clusters. Via the clusters, the low-carbon tour route algorithm of urban scenic water spots based on the optimal energy conservation and emission reduction mode is proposed, and it provides the optimal scenic water spots and low-carbon tour routes for tourists. The model can thus realize the optimization of vehicle exhaust emission in urban travel and reduce exhaust emission damage to urban water bodies and natural environments. In order to verify the advantages of the proposed algorithm, this paper performs an experiment to compare the proposed algorithm with the frequently used route planning methods by tourists. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has great advantages in energy conservation, emission reduction and low-carbon travel and can reduce the exhaust emission and the damage to the urban water bodies and the natural environment, realizing low-carbon tourism. The main findings and contributions of the proposed work are as follows. First, an improved clustering algorithm is set up, and the urban scenic water spots are clustered according to attribute data, which could optimize the scenic spot recommendation spatial model. Second, combining with the specific characteristics of scenic water spots, the scenic spot mining and matching algorithm is set up to satisfy tourists’ needs. Third, a method that could reduce emission exhaust by optimizing self-driving tour routes is proposed, which could control and reduce the damage to urban environments and protect water ecosystems. The proposed algorithm could be used as the embedded algorithm of tour recommendation systems or the reference algorithm for planning urban tourism transportation. Especially in peak tourism season, it could be used as an effective method for tourism and traffic management departments to direct traffic flow.
Determination of Potential Aquifer Recharge Zones Using Geospatial Techniques for Proxy Data of Gilgel Gibe Catchment, Ethiopia
Authors: Mengistu Tarekegn Dejen , Chang Sun Woo , Kim Il-Hwan , Kim Min-Gyu , Chung Il-Moon
Published: April 2022

The lack of valuable baseline information about groundwater availability hinders the robust decision-making process of water management in humid, arid, and semi-arid climate regions of the world. In sustainable groundwater management, identifying the spatiotemporal and extrapolative monitoring of potential zone is crucial. Thus, the present study focused on determining potential aquifer recharge zones using geospatial techniques for proxy data of the Gilgel Gibe catchment, Ethiopia. Proxy data are site information derived from satellite imageries or conventional sources that are operated as a layer attribute in the geographical information system (GIS) to identify groundwater occurrence. First, GIS and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) were applied to analyze ten groundwater recharge controlling factors: slope, lithology, topographic position index lineament density, rainfall, soil, elevation, land use/cover, topographic wetness index, and drainage density. Each layer was given relative rank priority depending on the predictive implication of groundwater potentiality. Next, the normalized weight of thematic layers was evaluated using a multi-criteria decision analysis AHP algorithm with a pairwise comparison matrix based on aquifer infiltration relative significance. Lithology, rainfall, and land use/cover were dominant factors covering a weight of 50%. The computed consistency ratio (CR = 0.092, less than 10%) and consistency index (CI = 0.1371) revealed the reliability of input proxy layers’ in the analysis. Then, a GIS-based weighted overlay analysis was performed to delineate very high, high, moderate, low, and very low potential aquifer zones. The delineated map ensures very high (29%), high (25%), moderate (28%), low (13%), and very low (5%) of the total area. According to validation, most of the inventory wells are located in very high (57%), high (32), and moderate (12%) zones. The validation results realized that the method affords substantial results supportive of sustainable development and groundwater exploitation. Therefore, this study could be a vigorous input to enhance development programs to alleviate water scarcity in the study area.
Numerical Experiments Applying Simple Kriging to Intermittent and Log-Normal Data
Authors: Ro Yonghun , Yoo Chulsang
Published: April 2022

This study evaluates the effect of considering data intermittency and log-normality in applications of simple Kriging. Several sets of synthetic data, both intermittent and log-normal, were prepared for this purpose, and then four different Kriging applications were repeated with these synthetic data under different assumptions of data intermittency and log-normality. The effects of these assumptions on the simple Kriging applications were evaluated and compared with each other. As a result, it was found that the derived correlation length of a variogram becomes longer when considering both data intermittency and log-normality, and the sill height becomes smaller when data intermittency is high. The data field generated by simple Kriging was also closer to the original data when considering both data intermittency and log-normality. In the application to rain rate data, the effect of considering data intermittency was confirmed. However, the effect of considering data log-normality was found to be vague. The general assumption of log-normality in relation to the rain rate data seems not to be so valid, at least not for the rain rate data considered in this study.
Importance of Anthropogenic Determinants of Tubastraea coccinea Invasion in the Northern Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Brockinton Emily E. , Peterson Miranda R. , Wang Hsiao-Hsuan , Grant William E.
Published: April 2022

Tubastraea coccinea is an invasive coral that has had ecological, economic, and social impacts in the Atlantic Ocean, the Caribbean Sea, and the Gulf of Mexico (GoM). Tubastraea coccinea is considered a major threat to marine biodiversity, whose occurrence in its non-native range has been associated with artificial structures such as oil/gas platforms and shipwrecks. A recent species distribution model identified important determinants of T. coccinea invasion in the northern GoM and projected its potential range expansion. However, the potential effects of anthropogenic factors were not considered. We used boosted regression trees to develop a species distribution model investigating the importance of oil/gas platforms and shipping fairways as determinants of T. coccinea invasion in the northern GoM. Our results indicate that maximum salinity, distance to platform, minimum nitrate, and mean pH were the first to fourth most influential variables, contributing 31.9%, 23.5%, 22.8%, and 21.8%, respectively, to the model. These findings highlight the importance of considering the effects of anthropogenic factors such as oil/gas platforms as potential determinants of range expansion by invasive corals. Such consideration is imperative when installing new platforms and when decommissioning retired platforms.
Development of Simple Method for Flood Control Capacity Estimation of Dam in South Korea
Authors: Han Heechan , Kwak Jaewon , Kim Deokhwan , Jung Jaewon , Joo Hongjun , Kim Hung Soo
Published: April 2022

As flood damage is becoming more frequent and severe worldwide, efficient flood control of dams has been highlighted. The purpose of the study is to establish a simple method for dam operators to estimate the flood control capacity and predischarge level required for flood response. The cumulative probability distribution (CDF) pair with the same return period for 12 major dams located in South Korea were estimated using the frequency matching method. A Ratio of Storage volume to Flood inflow (RSF) concept was suggested and applied for each dam, and they were classified into three types: Linear, Estranged, and Vague according to the water storage characteristics. Using the method presented in this study, we suggested the required amount of flood control capacity and target water level for each dam. The results demonstrated that there is no linear relationship between flood and storage of dam when the ratio of watershed area to a storage capacity of the dam is 2.0 or more, or the ratio of watershed area to flood control capacity is 20.0 or more. Further, it was found that the RSF value is affected by the initial water level of the dam when a high flood inflow was observed for Estranged and Vague types. It is expected that the method presented in this study can be basic information for performing predischarge for flood control in numerous dams.
Investigating the Impact of Spatial Distribution of Sustainable Drainage System (SuDS) Components on Their Flood Mitigation Performance in Communities with High Groundwater Levels
Authors: Ma Yao , Xia Xilin , Liang Qiuhua , Wan Hongyou
Published: April 2022

This paper investigated the impact of the spatial distribution of SuDS components on their flood reduction performance and the underlying mechanisms in a community with high groundwater levels. The effects of SuDS components’ connectivity, decentralized level, and installation position along the flow direction on the reduction of total discharge volume (TDV), average discharge flow rate (ADFR), maximum discharge flow rate (MDFR), inundated area (IA), average inundated depth (AID), and maximum inundated depth (MID) were studied by coupling of the storm water management model (SWMM) and high-performance integrated hydrodynamic modelling system (HiPIMS). The results demonstrate that the connectivity has a positive linear correlation with the reduction of TDV (R2 > 0.991), ADFR (R2 > 0.992), and MDFR (R2 > 0.958), while the decentralized level of rain gardens and green roofs present positive one-phase exponential correlation with the reduction of TDV (R2 > 0.935), ADFR (R2 > 0.934) and MDFR (R2 > 0.967). A better-integrated mitigation of TDV and ADFR could be achieved by installing SuDS upstream along the flow direction. The connectivity from green roofs to rain gardens has a positive effect on the reduction of AID and MID but leads to the increase of IA. The findings of this study may contribute to the development of general spatial distribution guidelines and strategies to optimize the overall performance of SuDS components, especially at a community scale.
Contribution of Spring Snowmelt Water to Soil Water in Northeast China and Its Dynamic Changes
Authors: Zhang Wenshuai , Du Chen , Zhang Lijuan , Tan Yulong , Huang Yutao , Jiang Meiyi
Published: April 2022

Snowmelt water in spring is an important source of soil water, which is critical to supporting crop growth. Quantifying the contribution of snowmelt water to soil water and its dynamic changes is essential for evaluating soil moisture and allocating agricultural water resources. In this paper, through controlled outdoor experiments, different snow depths and soil depth gradients were set; and snow, precipitation, and soil samples were collected regularly. To analyze the contribution of snowmelt water to soil water and its dynamic changes, the MAT-253 stable isotope ratio mass spectrometer was adopted for hydrogen and oxygen isotope analyses. The results showed that the snowmelt water for snow depths of 10 cm, 30 cm, and 50 cm all contributed to the 0–30 cm soil layer. The contribution increased with soil depth, contributing 8.13%, 8.55%, and 11.24%, respectively. The contribution of the snow cover at the same depth to the soil moisture at different depths also varied, i.e., the contribution increased with increasing soil depth. The snowmelt water retention time at depths of 10 cm, 30 cm, and 50 cm was inconsistent, i.e., it was the longest at 0–10 cm (average of 69 days), followed by 20–30 cm (average of 59 days), and the shortest at 10–20 cm (average of 54 days). The greater the snow depth, the shorter the retention time of the snowmelt water in the different soil layers. For surface soil, the contribution of the snowmelt water at greater depths was significantly different; while for deep soil, the contribution was more sensitive to the snow depth. Regardless of snow depth, soil contributions at different depths were significantly different. Precipitation also affected the contribution of the snowmelt water to the soil water, exhibiting different effects at different depths.
A Quasi-Single-Phase Model for Debris Flows Incorporating Non-Newtonian Fluid Behavior
Authors: Xia Chunchen , Tian Haoyong
Published: April 2022

Debris-flow modeling is a great challenge due to its complex physical mechanism that remains poorly understood. The present research incorporates the effect of rheological features of the non-Newtonian fluid into the complete quasi-single-phase mixture model, which explicitly accommodates the interactions between flow, non-uniform sediment transport, and bed evolution. The effect of rheological features is estimated by Hersch–Bulkley–Papanastasiou model that can be simplified to Bingham or Newtonian models with specific coefficients. The governing equations are solved by a fully conservative numerical algorithm, using an explicit finite volume discretization with well-balanced slope-limited centered scheme combined with an implicit discretization method. One set of large-scaled U.S. Geological Survey debris-flow experiments is applied to investigate the influence of the non-Newtonian fluid on debris-flow modeling. It is found that the present model closed by Hersch–Bulkley–Papanastasiou model performs better than the models without considering effect of rheological features, which may facilitate the development of quasi-single-phase mixture modeling for debris flows.
Variability of Mean Annual Flows in Southern Quebec (Canada)
Authors: Assani Ali Arkamose
Published: April 2022

Snow is the main source of streamflow in temperate regions characterized by very cold and snowy winters. Due to global warming, these regions are experiencing a significant decrease in snowfall. The main objective of this study is to analyze the impacts of snowfall on the spatio-temporal variability of mean annual flows (MAFs) of 17 rivers, grouped into three hydroclimatic regions, from 1930 to 2019 in southern Quebec. In terms of spatial variability, snowfall is the variable most correlated with MAFs (positive correlation), followed by drainage density (positive correlation) and wetland surface areas (negative correlation). Due to the influence of these three factors, MAF values are generally higher in the most agricultural watersheds of the southeastern hydroclimatic region on the south shore than in the less agricultural watersheds of the southwestern hydroclimatic region on the north shore of the St. Lawrence River. As for temporal variability, the four statistical tests applied to the hydrological series detect no significant downward trend in MAFs, despite having reduced snowfall. Instead, they suggest an evolution toward an increase in mean annual flows, as a result of increased rainfall due to the increase in temperature. This evolution is more pronounced on the north shore than on the south shore, likely due to the presence of wetlands and others water bodies, whose runoff water storage capacity does not change over time to be able to store the surplus of the quantity of water brought by the increase in rain.
Effect of Time and Temperature on SARS-CoV-2 in Municipal Wastewater Conveyance Systems
Authors: Schussman Melissa K. , McLellan Sandra L.
Published: April 2022

Wastewater surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 is becoming a widespread public health metric, but little is known about pre-analytical influences on these measurements. We examined SARS-CoV-2 loads from two sewer service areas with different travel times that were within the same metropolitan area. Throughout the one-year study, case rates were nearly identical between the two service areas allowing us to compare differences in empirical concentrations relative to conveyance system characteristics and wastewater treatment plant parameters. We found time did not have a significant effect on degradation of SARS-CoV-2 when using average transit times (22 vs. 7.5 h) (p = 0.08), or under low flow conditions when transit times are greater (p = 0.14). Flow increased rather than decreased SARS-CoV-2 case-adjusted concentrations, but this increase was only significant in one service area. Warmer temperatures (16.8–19.8 °C) compared with colder (8.4–12.3 °C) reduced SARS-CoV-2 case-adjusted loads by ~50% in both plants (p < 0.05). Decreased concentrations in warmer temperatures may be an important factor to consider when comparing seasonal dynamics. Oxygen demand and suspended solids had no significant effect on SARS-CoV-2 case-adjusted loads overall. Understanding wastewater conveyance system influences prior to sample collection will improve comparisons of regional or national data for SARS-CoV-2 community infections.
Prioritizing Stream Protection, Restoration and Management Actions Using Landscape Modeling and Spatial Analysis
Authors: Stein Eric D. , Brown Jeffrey S. , Canney Alexis , Mirkhanian Megan , Lowman Heili , O’Connor Kevin , Clark Ross
Published: April 2022

Watersheds are often degraded by human activities, reducing their ability to provide ecosystem functions and services. While governmental agencies have put forward plans for improving watershed health, resources are limited, and choices must be made as to which watersheds to prioritize and what actions to take. Prioritization tools with sufficient specificity, resolution, and automation are needed to guide decisions on restoration and management actions across large scales. To address this need, we developed a set of tools to support the protection of streams and associated riparian habitats across the state of California. We developed and tested watershed condition estimation models based on bioassessment data, used the EPA’s StreamCat dataset to identify stressors, incorporated environmental justice factors and developed reach-specific models to prioritize actions. We applied the prioritization tools statewide and were able to identify 18% of stream reaches that are in good condition but that are most vulnerable to existing stressors and an additional 19% of stream reaches that are degraded and are highest priority for restoration and management. The remaining 63% of stream reaches were prioritized for protection and periodic monitoring or minor remedial actions. The results of this project can help regional stakeholders and agencies prioritize hundreds of millions of dollars being spent to protect, acquire, and restore stream and riparian habitats. The methods are directly transferable by using any regional condition and stress data that can be readily obtained.
Taking Account of Seasonality in a Regional Flood Frequency Estimation Approach Based on Event Simulations
Authors: Ding Qifan , Arnaud Patrick
Published: April 2022

Regional flood estimation is an important issue in hydrology to anticipate and reduce the damages caused by extreme rainfall events. Approaches based on event simulation are particularly suitable to address this. As research has demonstrated the seasonality of rainfall characteristics, many flood frequency estimation approaches take into account rainfall seasonality to include seasonal fluctuations. For an event-based approach, since its hydrological model is initialized for each rainfall event, its performance is very sensitive to the initial states of the model. The seasonality of its hydrological model could thus become a decisive factor. Due to the complexity of the regionalization method, very few flood frequency estimation approaches based on event simulation have been regionalized at a large scale and do not consider the seasonality of hydrological parameters. This is the case for the SHYREG method studied in this article. Using data from HYDRO French database and SAFRAN, we discuss several adapted configurations considering the seasonality of both rainfall and hydrological parameters during its calibration and regionalization phase. Tests were carried out on 1929 catchments throughout France. Rather than calibrating a constant annual parameter for the hydrological model, we calibrated “winter” and “summer” parameters based on different observed flow quantiles (“seasonal”, “annual”, or “both”). Criteria on flood quantiles were calculated for different samplings. We also discuss the representativeness of seasonal parameters for the regionalization procedure and hydrological coherence observed from this seasonal parameterization. It seems that calibrating parameters based on seasonal flow quantiles helps reproduce annual quantiles, while the opposite is not possible. Among all the calibration configurations, calibration performed on both seasonal and annual flow quantiles makes the largest improvement compared to the initial annual parameterization method. It can correctly restitute seasonal flood quantiles for both calibration and validation catchments, with an obvious improvement in terms of estimating flood frequency in ungauged sites. It shows that the seasonality of hydrological parameters is worth considering for a regional flood estimation approach.
Permanent Magnet or Additional Electromagnet Compensation Structures of End Electromagnet Module for Mid-Low Speed Maglev Train
Authors: He Yunfeng , Lu Qinfen
Published: April 2022

In the mid-low speed Maglev train, the levitation force produced by end electromagnets is influenced by the train speed due to the eddy current effect, especially the front-end electromagnets at high speed. In this paper, the eddy current effect of front-end electromagnets is calculated by an analytical method, which is validated by the Finite Element method (FEM). To compensate a decrease of levitation force, two improved structures of end electromagnet modules are designed and compared. One is the permanent magnet compensation structure, designed by inserting a piece of permanent magnet (PM), and called the PM hybrid structure, and the other is an additional electromagnet compensation structure, which adopts five electromagnets, and called the five-coil structure. In terms of comparison, the five-coil structure can not only produce a high enough levitation force, but can also be easily manufactured. Its effectiveness is verified by the prototype application.
Development and Simulation of Real-Time Early Warning Protection System for Electric Vehicle Charging Based on a Two-Layer Protection Model
Authors: Jiang Linru , Li Taoyong , Li Bowen , Diao Xiaohong , Zhang Jing
Published: April 2022

With the increase of fire problems of new energy vehicles (EVs), more and more attention has been paid to charging safety. Firstly, the charging safety problems and protection strategies in the power grid are summarized from the grid side, the charging equipment side, the vehicle side, and the operation platform side, and a solution for the vehicle side charging safety protection is proposed. Secondly, with regards to building a charging early warning protection system architecture, a real-time protection strategy for EV charging is proposed; a battery temperature difference, battery voltage ramp rate, and current ramp rate are proposed; and a double-layer protection model of an active protection layer and a big data protection layer is established based on the real-time monitoring of 27 parameters. Finally, by building a physical simulation platform of the early warning system, the simulation and verification are carried out based on the BYD Han model. The system was demonstrated in the State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Company of China. The results show that the system can realize the charging real-time early warning and deal with it in time when the battery charging is abnormal, which has practical application value for the popularization and development of EVs.
Cycling Infrastructure for All EPACs Included?
Authors: Van den Steen Nikolaas , de Geus Bas , Cappelle Jan , Vanhaverbeke Lieselot
Published: April 2022

A modal shift to electric pedal-assisted cycles (EPACs) can help with reaching the transport emission goals of the European Green Deal. With the rising sales of EPACs in Europe, a lack of appropriate (electric) cycling infrastructure remains a major barrier for many potential users. This paper discusses the results of a survey about the requirements of (potential) cyclists to design a better cycling infrastructure. The differences in requirements for non-cyclists vs. cyclists and electric cyclists vs. conventional cyclists are discussed using statistical analysis. The key findings are that cyclists and non-cyclists both require wide quality cycling infrastructure with safe crossing points, secure bicycle parking and smart traffic lights. Non-cyclists’ requirements significantly differ from cyclists’ on 12 items, of which rain cover while cycling and parking spots for the car are the most noteworthy. There is (but) one significant difference between the requirements of EPAC users and conventional cyclists: the need for charging points for EPACs along the cycle route.
Mid-to-Long Range Wind Forecast in Brazil Using Numerical Modeling and Neural Networks
Authors: Campos Ricardo M. , Palmeira Ronaldo M. J. , Pereira Henrique P. P. , Azevedo Laura C.
Published: April 2022

This paper investigated the development of a hybrid model for wind speed forecast, ranging from 1 to 46 days, in the northeast of Brazil. The prediction system was linked to the widely used numerical weather prediction from the ECMWF global ensemble forecast, with neural networks (NNs) trained using local measurements. The focus of this study was on the post-processing of NNs, in terms of data structure, dimensionality, architecture, training strategy, and validation. Multilayer perceptron NNs were constructed using the following inputs: wind components, temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure information from ECMWF, as well as latitude, longitude, sin/cos of time, and forecast lead time. The main NN output consisted of the residue of wind speed, i.e., the difference between the arithmetic ensemble mean, derived from ECMWF, and the observations. By preserving the simplicity and small dimension of the NN model, it was possible to build an ensemble of NNs (20 members) that significantly improved the forecasts. The original ECMWF bias of −0.3 to −1.4 m/s has been corrected to values between −0.1 and 0.1 m/s, while also reducing the RMSE in 10 to 30%. The operational implementation is discussed, and a detailed evaluation shows the considerable generalization capability and robustness of the forecast system, with low computational cost.
Questões sobre o ensino de História Antiga no Brasil: entrevista com Raquel dos Santos Funari
Authors: Funari Raquel dos Santos
Published: April 2022

Entrevista
Aprender mitologia nos museus, palácios e jardins
Authors: Barata Filomena
Published: April 2022

Pretende-se com o projecto “Aprender Mitologia nos Museus, Palácios e Jardins” fazer o reconhecimento de alguns Mitos que nos acompanham ao longo dos séculos, representadosem edifícios ou espaços públicos.
Moldagens, arte e objetos de ensino
Authors: Esposito Arianna , Montel Sophie
Published: April 2022

Coleções de objetos para fins educacionais recebem hoje em dia atenção especial com o desenvolvimento dos estudos sobre recepção da Antiguidade clássica. De fato, essas coleções nos permitem estudar a evolução no tempo do interesse despertado pela Antiguidade, bem como a história de nossas disciplinas e seus métodos pedagógicos. Neste artigo, propomos analisar a forma como moldagens de gesso, modelos e instrumentos de estudo da Antiguidade foram usados com o propósito de ensinar história da arte greco-romana, com uma atenção particular a algumas tradições nacionais. A reprodução por intermédio de moldagens não é apenas um substituto de um original, é também uma obra de arte, num diálogo entre a obra original, sua interpretação e sua cópia. Em suma, moldagens são obras de arte complexas, ilustrando as idas e vindas entre arte e arqueologia.
política de ensino de História Antiga na Índia, Paquistão e Mianmar contemporâneos
Authors: Lall Marie-Carine
Published: April 2022

Os sistemas de educação em toda a Ásia têm suas origens em processos de formação de Estado destinados a combater o imperialismo ou promover a construção nacional pós-colonial. As elites estatais em toda a Ásia procuraram popularizar visões poderosas de nacionalidade, equipar essas visões com uma “história de fundo” histórica e dotá-las de carga sentimental. O currículo e os livros didáticos de história constroem os mitos das origens e traçam fronteiras geográficas, ideológicas e afetivas para distinguir a nação dos “outros”. Este artigo se concentra em como o ensino de história – particularmente a história antiga na Índia, Paquistão e Mianmar tem sido usado como ferramenta política para sustentar o discurso político contemporâneo. Ele argumenta que a inclusão ou exclusão de certas partes da história e o ângulo tomado pelo currículo e livros didáticos é para garantir que as crianças aprendam sobre a herança ininterrupta e antiga do grupo religioso e étnico dominante do país. Ao criar essa pureza do eu, a história torna-se o veículo justificador da discriminação rotineira dos outros, principalmente das minorias étnicas e religiosas.
escrita da História Antiga escolar nos anos de 1820-1830
Authors: Barnabé Luís Ernesto
Published: April 2022

A História enquanto disciplina escolar tornou-se cada vez mais presente ao longo do processo de escolarização desencadeado pelos debates iluministas e a Revolução Francesa, ainda que com contornos muito distintos daquilo que nos é familiar atualmente e formata nossos livros didáticos. A coleção de Précis de l’Histoire se apresenta como um artefato especial para a análise desse processo: composta por cinco volumes e cuja publicação aparece completa em 1830, sendo prescrita desde então para os collèges parisienses como um curso de história, na acepção moderna do termo. O artigo objetiva analisar a construção narrativa, feita por Auguste Poirson, acerca dos gregos e sua origem presente nas segunda e terceira edições (1828; 1831) do Précis de l’Histoire Ancienne para demonstrar: a datada indefinição de fronteiras para a escrita de um compêndio destinado ao uso escolar; e também, nos termos da nascente historiografia profissionalizada, o debate entre inteligibilidades antigas e modernas. Ao mesmo tempo, propõe reflexões acerca da escrita da história Antiga escolar tendo como horizonte o escopo temporal entre o início e o fim do século XIX e o início do século XX.
História do cristianismo nos manuais de ensino de História
Authors: Junior José Petrúcio de Farias
Published: April 2022

O presente estudo ocupa-se da presença de conteúdos de História Antiga em manuais de ensino de História brasileiros. Indagaremos, particularmente, as permanências e as mudanças na configuração de formas históricas sobre a história do cristianismo com a finalidade de destacar que a memória histórica fabricada por tais narrativas exerce um papel político-cultural significativo, ora como instrumento legitimador da ordem social vigente, no interior da qual o passado é ‘domesticado’ para satisfazer a interesses e objetivos do presente, ora como produtor de um sentido ao passado em consonância com as instituições políticas e religiosas contemporâneas. Por fim, discutiremos o papel dos estudos clássicos nas propostas curriculares de História no século XXI, seus avanços e percalços.
Gênero e mulheres na Antiguidade
Authors: Feitosa Lourdes Conde , Souza Mariane Pizarro de
Published: April 2022

O presente texto propõe uma reflexão a respeito de como as questões de gênero e a Histórias das mulheres da Antiguidade estão presentes em Livros Didáticos indicados nas escolas públicas de todo o país, além de comentar sobre a ligação destes com a BNCC e o processo de seleção.  Para realizar tal objetivo, foram elencados três materiais, de editoras diferentes, direcionados ao 6 ano do Ensino Fundamental II, uma vez que é nessa etapa que o ensino sobre Antiguidade está previsto. Tais livros chegaram nas escolas em 2020 e serão utilizados até 2022. O estudo foi realizado utilizando a metodologia de análise documental, apoiando-se nas teorias de gênero e no multiculturalismo. No decurso das análises dos materiais, procurou-se estudar em quais espaços e sob quais perspectivas as mulheres são apresentadas nos livros didáticos. Os conteúdos abordados, as discussões, ou não, a respeito do termo gênero, e como as imagens de figuras femininas são utilizadas enquanto recurso pedagógico.
Projetanto a recepção clássica em sala de aula
Authors: Pollini Airton
Published: April 2022

Este artigo comenta um projeto pedagógico conduzido com estudantes do segundo ano de graduação em História. O projeto tinha como objetivo desenvolver a percepção dos alunos com relação aos diferentes usos da Antiguidade clássica em criações contemporâneas, especialmente filmes e séries de televisão (Troy, Troy the fall of a city, Cleopatra, Astérix et Obélix…). Os estudos sobre Recepção são uma preocupação em grande desenvolvimento e, utilizando uma abordagem inspirada pelo conceito de interculturalidade, tentamos conscientizar os alunos sobre diversas questões contemporâneas e como a Antiguidade clássica pode ser reinterpretada, adoptada e adaptada.
Isso é Esparta...? Um projeto de ensino experimental sobre Esparta em guerra
Authors: Franchi Elena
Published: April 2022

Este artigo descreve uma proposta de ensino desenvolvida para alunos de bacharelado matriculados em um curso sobre a antiga Esparta totalizando 30 horas. Uma introdução ao ensino da antiga Esparta e as dificuldades que ela apresenta em termos de didática (seção 2 ) é seguido por uma seção que ilustra o método de ensino escolhido, ou seja, co-ensino com especialistas no assunto, na forma de uma série de três webinars com duração de duas horas cada, fazendo parte do curso maior (seção 3). Segue-se uma secção (4) que descreve as estratégias de ensino específicas adotadas durante os workshops de apoio, nomeadamente atividades entre pares, CLIL (Conteúdo e Aprendizagem Integrada de Línguas) e sala de aula invertida, depois uma secção adicional (5) focada nas estratégias de consolidação. O artigo conclui com foco no feedback dos alunos e uma avaliação provisória (6).
Monastérios e conventos cortados na rocha na Europa Oriental
Authors: Musteață Sergiu , Postică Gheorghe
Published: April 2022

O artigo discute o fenômeno da arquitetura de corte de rocha da República da Moldávia com base no estudo de caso de OrheiulVechi (OldOrhei). A paisagem desempenhou o papel mais importante no desenvolvimento de ermidas e comunidades monásticas, suas infraestruturas, atividades religiosas, sociais e econômicas. Outro aspecto importante é a cronologia, que é uma questão debatida porque as fontes escritas mencionam esses locais muito tardiamente e alguns estudiosos vêm tentando relacionar esse fenômeno com o monaquismo primitivo. O tempo de construção destes complexos não está claramente estabelecido, mas a sua existência pode certamente ser enquadrada com o estado medieval da Moldávia. Neste contexto, é particularmente importante situar os sítios rochosos da Moldávia no seu contexto geográfico mais amplo, o que significaria um exame e apresentação dos elementos dessa arquitetura do Sudeste e Leste Europeu. O artigo descreve uma das ermidas mais importantes da República da Moldávia, que se encontra nos espaços rochosos do rio Răut. Durante a época medieval, a cidade de OrheiulVechi foi um importante centro administrativo e, provavelmente neste contexto, desenvolveu-se uma enorme rede de ermidas, concentrada em seis áreas do vale do rio Răut. Dois deles são conhecidos como mosteiros – Peștere e Bosie e os outros como ermidas dos monges. Durante as últimas duas décadas, registramos mais de 150 células cortadas em rocha. Assim, com base em fontes escritas e arqueológicas, o artigo discute a história das ermidas rochosas de OrheiulVechi, o papel do ambiente natural no seu desenvolvimento e o lugar no contexto de um sistema eclesiástico da Moldávia Medieval.
Uma dimensão global por meio do ensino do 'Mundo Antigo'
Authors: Hourdakis Anthony
Published: April 2022

O presente estudo visa investigar em que medida uma dimensão global é comunicada aos estudantes por meio do ensino de "Mundo Antigo" nas diferentes matérias dos livros didáticos de ensino primário na grécia, a saber: línguas, estudos sociais, ciência e religião. Neste artigo, o "Mundo Antigo" se refere tanto à tradicional civilização greco-romana, quanto àquelas não greco-romanas. A análise dos conteúdos desses livros didáticos gregos demonstra que a apresentação do "Mundo Antigo" tem como propósito promover uma orientação etnocêntrica/nacionalista. A ausência de referências a outras civilizações antigas, nesse sentido, está em contraste com as atuais ênfases presentes no desenvolvimento de currículos globais e multiculturais?
FARIAS JR., JOSÉ PETRÚCIO. HISTÓRIA ANTIGA: TRAJETÓRIAS, ABORDAGENS E METODOLOGIAS DE ENSINO. UBERLÂNDIA: NAVEGANDO PUBLICAÇÕES, 2020. 178p. ISBN: 9786581417123
Authors: Knust José
Published: April 2022

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