bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, Attitude, Practice towards Artificial intelligent Patient-controlled analgesia among Anesthesiologists ：a cross-sectional study in east China's Jiangsu Province
Authors: Cai Jiaqin , Huang Shiyi , Jiang Yueyi , Zhou Yihu , Zhang Lin , Gu Lianbing , Tan Jing
Published: April 2024

Background: Inadequate postoperative analgesia greatly affects the recovery of patients, can poses a substantial health and economic burden. Patient-controlled analgesia is the most commonly used method for postoperative pain relief. However, the situation of inadequate analgesia still exists. Artificial intelligent Patient-controlled analgesia (Ai-PCA) system can make it easier for medical staff to understand the pain level of patients in order to deal with it in time. So far, several studies have investigated anesthesiologists' knowledge and management of Ai-PCA.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the degree of anesthesiologists’ knowledge, attitude and their practice(KAP) towards Ai-PCA in east China's Jiangsu Province.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 396 anesthesiologists working in tertiary hospitals. The data were collected using a pretested, structured and self-administered KAP questionnaire. The data were analyzed using Independent t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson’s correlation and multiple linear regression tests.
Results: 512 questionnaires were collected, 396 anesthesiologists (190 Male, and 206 Female) were included in our study for statistical analysis. The score of knowledge, attitude, practice was 5.49 ((SD = 1.65;range:0-8), 37.45 (SD = 4.46; range:9-45), and 26.41 (SD = 9.61; range:9-45), respectively. Among the participants, 309 (78%) and 264 (66.7%) had good knowledge and positive attitudes toward Ai-PCA, respectively. However, only 81 (20.5%) of the participants exhibited good practice regarding Ai-PCA. Participation in Ai-PCA training showed a significant correlation with knowledge, attitude and practice scores. Besides, age, years of experience and professional titles of anesthesiologists were correlated with knowledge scores. The title of the anesthesiologist was associated with attitude scores. And the marital status of anesthesiologists was correlated with practice scores.
Conclusion: Our findings revealed the score of practice regarding Ai-PCA are very poor among anesthesiologists in east China's Jiangsu Province. The utilization of Ai-PCA was found to be impacted by whether the individual had received training. This calls for a comprehensive approach should be conducted for raising the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of anesthesiologist on using Ai-PCA and more Ai-PCA training to be included in the daily learning.
Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (www.chictr.org.cn; 27/10/2023; ChiCTR2300077070).
Racial/ethnic disparities in COVID-19 clinical outcomes: A comparison between Asian ethnic subgroups
Authors: Kamalabadi Mahdieh Ahmadi , Khalili Parvin , Ostadebrahimi Hamid , Jamalizadeh Ahmad , Amin Fatemeh
Published: April 2024

Background
Since the outbreak of COVID-19, general studies about relationship between COVID-19 clinical outcome and ethnicity have been performed on the overall ethnic groups, but studies on ethnic subgroups is limited.
Methods
We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study on hospitalized patients with suspected/confirmed COVID-19 to evaluate whether ethnic background influences disease severity and clinical outcomes. Patients were categorized into three groups: mild, moderate, and severe to critical. Analyses were adjusted for socio-demographic and comorbidities.
Results
Among all hospitalized patients, in the unadjusted model, Afghans had a lower risk of severe to critical illness than Iranians (OR, 0.52; 95%CI, 0.41–0.64; P < 0.000). After adjusting for age, sex and comorbidities the risk remained lower in Afghans (OR, 0.69; 95%CI, 0.56–0.88; P < 0.003). But among positive cases was comparable even after full adjustment (OR, 0.86; 95%CI, 0.54–1.3; P < 0.547). Among all hospitalized patients, in the unadjusted model, the risk of death was comparable between Afghans and Iranians (OR, 1.037; 95%CI, 0.70–1.5; P < 0.003). After adjusting for age, sex and comorbidities, Afghans had a higher risk of death than Iranians (OR, 1.66; 95%CI, 1.08–2.55; P = 0.020). Similar results were observed in positive cases (OR, 2.34; 95%CI, 1.47–3.72; P = 0.000).
Conclusions
In this cohort study, Iranians represented more COVID-19-related symptoms and disease severity than Afghans; but mortality was higher in Afghans. The impact of COVID-19 may be different in various Asian ethnic groups
Comparison of Vaginal Microbiota in HPV-Negative and HPV-Positive Pregnant Women Using a Culture-Based Approach
Authors: Podoprigora Irina V. , Alena Vasina , Manga Joseph Arsene Mbarga , Milana Das , Pikina Alla P. , Lyudmila Kafarskaya , Efimov Boris A.
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis of the composition of the dominant groups of vaginal microorganisms in healthy pregnant women and pregnant women infected with HPV using a microbiological culture-based method. The MALDI TOF MS method and 16S rRNA gene fragment sequencing were used to identify microorganisms isolated from healthy pregnant women (n=32) and pregnant women infected with HPV (n=24). It was found that vaginal secretion samples from both groups contained bacteria of 4 phyla: Bacillota, Actinomycetota, Pseudomonadota, Bacteroidota, and Ascomycotafungi. The most common microbial community in healthy pregnant women being CST I (p=0.0007), and CST V in pregnant women infected with HPV (p=0.0001). At the genus level, a total of 25 taxa were found in all samples, with Lactobacillusbeing the dominant genus overall. Escherichia (p<0.0001) and Prevotella(p=0.0001) concentrations were higher in HPV infected patients. When calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient for the phyla, it was found that Bacillota correlated negatively with HPV genotypes 16 and 51 (p≤0.05), but positively with HPV genotype 59 (p≤0.05), just like Actinomycetota(p≤0.05). Bacteroidota correlated positively with HPV genotype 56 (0.001<p<0.01), and Ascomycota correlated positively with HPV genotypes 39 and 51 (p≤0.05; 0.001<p<0.01). Pearson correlation coefficients between bacteria genera and HPV genotypes were statistically significant for the following genera: Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Gardnerella, Escherichia, Prevotella. The data obtained in our study indicates that the culture-based method is informative when assessing the qualitative and quantitative composition of the microbiota, as well as the risk of potential complications during pregnancy in women with HPV.
Prior antiplatelet is associated with better outcome for acute ischemic stroke patients treated with endovascular treatment: a prospective cohort study in China
Authors: Tan Quandan , He Song , Mao Fengkai , Deng Hongwei , Zheng Danni , Chen Xiaoling , Zhou Junshan , Lin Yapeng , Yang Jie , Wang Xia
Published: April 2024

Background: There has been limited evidence and inconsistent results on the safety and effectiveness of prior antiplatelet (PA) use for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients treated with endovascular treatment (EVT).
Methods: We prospectively enrolled consecutive patients from two comprehensive stroke centers in China from June 2015 to June 2019. The efficacy outcomes were vascular recanalization rate, early neurological function improvement (24-hour NIHSS decreased ≥4), poor prognosis at 90 days (mRS 3-6), and death at 90 days. The safety outcomes were intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was performed with SPSS 22.0.
Results: A total of 298 AIS patients were included. Of them, 54 (18.1%) patients were taking antiplatelet agents before stroke. PA (OR=0.40, 95% CI 0.16-0.98, p=0.046) significantly reduced the three-month death, and this difference persisted after adjusting for clinical confounders (adjusted OR =0.29, 95% CI 0.10-0.83, p=0.021). PA (adjusted OR=0.52, 95% CI 0.26-1.06, p=0.075) was not significantly associated with three-month death or disability. There were no significant differences in successful recanalization, early neurological improvement, ICH and sICH between groups.
Conclusions: For AIS patients with EVT, prior antiplatelet is safe and may reduce the risk of death at three months.
Effect of oral posaconazole on venetoclax plasma concentration and efficacy in patients with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Guo Mengqi , Du Jingwen , He Yingzhi , Qiu Dezhi , Huang Yuxian , Qin Yinjie
Published: April 2024

BCL-2 was the first gene identified to have antiapoptotic effects and venetoclax is an oral selective BCL-2 inhibitor, which has great potential in the treatment of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who are not candidates for intensive therapy. Notably, posaconazole, an oral antifungal drug, is also a strong factor that can affect blood venetoclax concentrations. To the best of our knowledge, the relationship between BCL-2 expression, posaconazole and venetoclax, as well as the influence of them on treatment efficacy and the prognosis of patients with AML, has not been reported. Therefore, in the present study, the relationship between BCL-2 expression and blood venetoclax concentration was analyzed in 35 patients with AML. BCL-2 mRNA expression levels were examined by reverse transcription quantitative PCR. Blood venetoclax concentrations were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The results revealed that among patients with AML, those with lower primary BCL-2 expression had a higher complete remission (CR) rate (P = 0.005), overall response rate (P < 0.0001) and progression-free survival time (P = 0.04). Posaconazole was revealed to be a strong factor that was able to increase blood venetoclax concentration (P < 0.001) and CR rate in the venetoclax plus posaconazole group compared with that in the venetoclax monotherapy group (P = 0.002); however, no significant difference was identified in the occurrence of adverse reactions between these groups. Among low and high blood venetoclax concentration groups, the event-free survival of the former group was significantly higher (P = 0.013). In conclusion, the results of the present study could be used to guide clinical practice in the treatment of AML.
Progression of chronic kidney disease among adults attending tertiary hospitals in Dodoma, Tanzania
Authors: Katatwire Denis D. , Meremo Alfred
Published: April 2024

Background
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in resource constrained settings can silently and rapidly progress to end stage kidney disease (ESKD). Thus, it is important to identify patients at risk of CKD progression for appropriate and timely interventions.
Methods
A prospective longitudinal study was conducted among adults with CKD attending nephrology and medical outpatient (MOPD) clinics of two tertiary hospitals in Dodoma, Tanzania between November 2020 to March 2022. Demographic and clinical data were extracted from patient files, as well as measurements of vital signs and face to face interviews conducted at baseline and at follow up. Patients provided urine and blood samples for laboratory investigations at study entry (0) and at 12 months. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed using SPSS software version 26, and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with CKD progression.
Results
A total of 352 participants with median age of 54 (47–59) years were enrolled, the prevalence of CKD progression by a sustained decline in eGFR > 4 ml/min/1.73m2 per year was 28.0% (97/346). For CKD progressors; the baseline median eGFR was 43 (41–49) mL/min/1.73 m2, urine protein creatinine ratio (uPCR) was 0.099 (0.025–0.158) g/g and haemoglobin were 11.7 (9.7–12.6) g/dl. Of the patients with CKD progression, 73(75.3%) patients had diabetes mellitus, 70 (72.2%) of the patients had hypertension, 57 (58.8%) had significant proteinuria and 57 (58.8%) had anaemia. Variables associated with CKD progression after multivariate logistic regression analysis were; diabetes mellitus (OR = 7.02, 95% CI 3.01–16.39, P = 0.001), use of local herbs (OR = 27.98, 95% CI 11.08–70.70, P = 0.001), anaemia (OR = 2.49, 95% CI 1.32–4.68, P = 0.005), proteinuria (OR = 7.51, 95% CI 3.49–16.19 P = 0.001). Half (52.5%) of the patients with CKD progression were found to have left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and a total of 14 (11.9%) patients died during the study period.
Conclusion
The prevalence of CKD progression is high in our settings. Diabetes mellitus, proteinuria, anaemia and use of local herbal medicines were significant risk factors for CKD progression. More than half of the patients who had CKD progression were found to have LVH and few patients died.
Educational anatomical study for transanal total mesorectal excision in cadaveric surgical training
Authors: Ishizaki Tetsuo , Kasahara Kenta , Mazaki Junichi , Udo Ryutaro , Tago Tomoya , Iwasaki Kenichi , Hayashi Yutaka , Nagakawa Yuichi
Published: April 2024

Background
This study reported on cadaveric surgical training (CST) focusing on the anatomical knowledge necessary for transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) and educational perspective on our experiences.
Methods
Anatomical findings were collected from three cadaveric surgical training were conducted with 6 male cadavers from 2018 to 2020. All steps of the TaTME process were timed. Specimens were transanally or transabdominally extracted. The trainer rated the total mesorectal excision (TME) quality as complete, near complete, or incomplete.
Results
The number of trainees were 6 surgeons. Their number of years since graduation was 9 (6–19), their experience with conventional TME on live patients was 46 cases (27–202), and their experience with TaTME on live patients was 0 case (0–4). Their set up of the transanal platform was 14 min (7–21), time to resect the anococcygeal ligament was 17 min (6–29), time to resect the retrourethral muscle was 23 min (9–41), time to spare fourth pelvic splanchnic nerves was 11 min (4–28), and total completion of the TaTME was 84 min (59–122). The grade of TME was incomplete in 1 case (11.1%), nearly complete in 1 case (11.1%), and complete in 7 cases (77.8%).
Conclusion
In this study, the anatomical structures necessary for TaTME was identified. We believe that CST for TaTME is a promising educational method for overcoming and performing the characteristic anatomical challenges safely.
Effects of Different Concentrations of Sevoflurane Anaesthesia on Blood Free Hexafluoroisopropanol Levels and Anaesthesia Awakening Period in Adult Rats
Authors: Zhang Min , He Hongxia , Jiang Wei , Tu Faping
Published: April 2024

Background: Sevoflurane is metabolized in the body to Hexafluoro-isopropanol(HFIP). The aim of this study was to compare the levels of free HFIP in the blood of rats after inhalation of different concentrations of sevoflurane and the effects on the awakening period of rats, and to investigate the related mechanisms.
Methods: Seventy-four healthy male rats of 8–10 weeks of age were selected. Six rats were used to determine the blood/gas partition coefficient of HFIP. Forty-eight rats were randomly divided into three groups: 0.5 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) (group S1), 1.0 MAC (group S2), and 1.5 MAC (group S3), with 16 rats in each group. The free HFIP concentration in blood was measured by gas chromatography. Twenty rats were randomly divided into five groupsof four rats each, anesthetized by inhalation of 1.0 MAC sevoflurane for mine field tests, and immunohistochemistry was used to detect glial changes in cognition-related brain regions of rats.
Results: The peak concentration of free HFIP in the blood of rats appeared at an inhalation concentration of 1 MAC (P<0.05), and the total mileage of the mine experiment was the longest in rats anesthetized for 1 h with 1.0 MAC sevoflurane (P<0.05).Expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and IBA1 in cognitively related brain regions was significantly higher in rats anesthetized for 1 h with 1.0 MAC sevoflurane than the other time points (P<0.05).
Conclusions: Free HFIP in the blood of rats reached its peak 1 hour after 1.0 MAC sevoflurane anesthesia was inhaled. Rats showed obvious arousal and excitement at this time, and glial cells and inflammatory factors in cognitively related brain regions were significantly activated.
Institutional Barriers to the Implementation of Children’s Participation in Pakistan under United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC): Qualitative Study in Pakistan
Authors: Rafique Haroon , Zakar Rubeena , Zakar Muhammad Zakria , Fischer Florian
Published: April 2024

Background
One of the core principles of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) is to achieve child participation in matters that concern them. However, the implementation of this principle faces different institutional barriers in Pakistan. This paper, while relying on interviews conducted in Punjab and federal area, attempts to find out what these institutional barriers are and presents an empirical analysis which Pakistan faces in promoting child participation.
Methods
A qualitative study design was used. Primary data was collected from 22 stakeholders in the public sector, NGOs and international organizations working on children’s issues and having knowledge about UNCRC. The data collected from the interviews were interpreted to identify common recurring themes and was further divided into thematic categories.
Results
The findings of this research shed light on significant barriers to child participation rights in Pakistan, highlighting key themes related to stakeholders’ attitudes, approaches toward the significance of children, institutionalization, coordination between federal and provincial levels, and the role of NGOs, civil society, and international organizations.
Conclusions
The research posits that the starting point for all the children specific organizations in Pakistan is to get themselves aware of the idea of importance of children so that they can implement it in the manner envisaged by UNCCRC and with a belief of its importance.
Shadclips:When Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning with Multimodal Meets Shadow Removal
Authors: Zhang Xiaofeng , Xu Zishan , Tang Hao , Gu Chaochen , Zhu Shanying , Guan Xinping
Published: April 2024

Segment Anything Model (SAM), an advanced universal image segmentation model trained on an expansive visual dataset, has set a new benchmark in image segmentation and computer vision. However, it faced challenges when it came to distinguishing between shadows and their backgrounds. To address this, we proposed ShadClips, which consists of SAM-optimizer and SONet. It has dramatically enhanced SAM’s ability to segment shadow images, differentiating between the background and both soft and hard shadows adeptly. Due to its dependence on pixel point inputs, the SAM-Optimizer interface could do better. This method presents challenges, especially when dealing with long, extended shadows. To make the user experience more intuitive and effective, we incorporated the capabilities of CLIPs. Therefore, simple text descriptions like “A photo of a shadow” can be used to guide the SAM-Optimizer, allowing it to select the most relevant shadow mask from SAM’s comprehensive category list. Meanwhile, we introduce SONet to shadow removal. A large number of experiments on ISTD/SRD prove that the proposed method is effective and satisfactory. The source code of the ShadClips can be accessed from https://github.com/zhangbaijin/SAM-helps-Shadow.
Radial Basis Function-based Quantum Hybrid Classical Generative Adversarial Networks for Enhanced Image Quality and Training Stability
Authors: Xu Zuyu , Yang Tao , Cai Pengnian , Shen Kang , Hu Yuanming , Lv Bin , Chen Shixian , Zhu Yunlai , Wu Zuheng , Wang Jun , Dai Yuehua
Published: April 2024

Quantum Generative Adversarial Networks (QGANs), as the quantum version to classical Generative Adversarial Networks, exhibit exponential advantages in certain aspects, garnering considerable attention. However, within this nascent field, challenges persist in the synthesis of image quality and the stability of training in QGANs. In this work, we introduce a Hybrid Quantum Classical Generative Adversarial Network (HQCGAN), incorporating a classical discriminator constructed using Radial Basis Function Neural Networks (RBFNN). Harnessing the superior non-linear data processing capabilities and inherent resilience to image noise of RBFNNs, our HQCGAN significantly enhances its proficiency in generating high-fidelity grayscale images characterized by discrete value distributions. Through a series of meticulous experiments that evaluated the training cross-validation scores and the robustness of the loss functions, we have demonstrated the exceptional performance of our HQCGAN model, especially in the presence of noisy input data. These findings contribute meaningfully to the burgeoning field of quantum generative models, underscoring the vital role played by classical machine learning components in augmenting the overall efficacy of quantum approaches. The incorporation of RBFNNs within a quantum framework in our study offers novel perspectives to address prevailing challenges related to image quality and training stability, marking a substantial progression in the evolution of quantum generative adversarial networks.
Optimization of maintenance and chemical cleaning methods for shipboard seawater desalination plants
Authors: Melnyk Oleksiy , Onishchenko Oleg Oleg , Shumylo Oleksandr , Kuznichenko Serhii , Lohinov Oleh , Bulgakov Mykola , Cheredarchuk Natalia , Shcheniavskyi Gennadiy
Published: April 2024

Desalination plants play a critical role in providing fresh water to regions with limited freshwater resources. These plants utilize advanced technologies to extract salt and impurities from seawater, providing a sustainable source of drinking water. This paper discusses optimal maintenance strategies for desalination plants with a particular focus on addressing water supply issues. A detailed analysis of chemical treatment methods is presented, considering the unique aspects of water treatment in desalination processes. The article reviews current approaches, including non-disassembling and disassembling methods, providing a comprehensive overview of their application in desalination. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are discussed in detail, emphasizing their impact on water quality and overall durability of desalination systems. This article is of practical importance in the field of desalination, offering valuable insights for improving maintenance efficiency and solving operational problems, ultimately ensuring the longevity and reliability of desalination plants.
Phase Shift Analysis of Nucleon Scattering on Light Nuclei Using Phase Function Method
Authors: Kumar Lalit , Khachi Anil , Sastri O.S.K.S
Published: April 2024

The neutron and proton scattering with stable alpha particles can be modeled as a two-particle system. In this paper, using the Morse function, local interaction potentials for various $\ell$-channels have been constructed directly from scattering phase shifts (SPS) data for light nucleon-nucleus systems. The phase equation for various $\ell$-channels has been numerically solved to obtain SPS. Our research employs an optimization approach encompassing parameter boundary setting, cost function formulation, and optimization routine utilization to achieve optimal model-parameter fitting with experimental data, ensuring clarity and convenience in our analysis. The resonance energies obtained(experimental) from partial cross-section plots for the $p_{1/2}$ and $p_{3/2}$ states in the $n\alpha$ system are 4.10(4$\pm$1) and 0.93(0.89) MeV, respectively, while those in the $p\alpha$ system are 5.31(5$\pm$2) and 1.97(1.96) MeV. While the total cross-section for the $n\alpha$ system matches values available in the literature, that of the $p\alpha$ system follows the correct trend.
Combining Senescence-related lncRNA and Bulk-RNA Transcriptome Sequencing to Construct a Prognostic Model and Identify TSPEAR−AS2 as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Colon Adenocarcinoma Patients
Authors: Liang Xiaoqing , Cai Xing , Zhang Dan , Meng Xuan , Wang Kun , Liu Yin , Hao Mengdi , Li Huimin , Ding Lei
Published: April 2024

Background
Senescence, a key characteristic of cancer, significantly influences various processes of tumor initiation and progression. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in cancer, particularly their correlation with the prognosis of colon cancer. However, the role of senescence-related lncRNAs (SRLs) in cancer remains unexplored.
Aim
The objective of this study is to establish a prognostic model for colon cancer patients based on senescence-related lncRNAs.
Methods
We utilized univariate Cox analysis and random survival forest variable hunting to identify SRLs with prognostic significance. Subsequently, a multivariate Cox regression analysis was conducted to construct a final prognostic risk score signature. We further validated our risk model using external datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and GSE. Additionally, we developed a nomogram for prognostic assessment and conducted a comprehensive analysis of clinicopathological characteristics, immune cell infiltration, chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity, and somatic mutation landscapes in the low- and high-risk groups. The most significant lncRNA TSPEAR − AS2 was selected and a knockdown cell line stably transfected with this lncRNA was constructed by the lentivirus technique. The function of lncRNA TSPEAR − AS2, which is associated with promoting senescence in cancer cells, was successfully verified by using methods such as CCK8, transwell, scratch assays, clonal formation assays, cell apoptosis rate detection experiment and subcutaneous tumor formation assays in mice.
Results
Upon systematically assessing the interactions between senescence-related lncRNA signatures and colon cancer, we constructed a novel risk model based on four SRLs. In particular, the SRL signature comprising MIR210HG, TSPEAR-AS2, APTR, and ZEB1-AS1 showed promising prognostic ability. The predictive value of our risk model was further confirmed in the validation dataset. Phenotypic assessments and animal experiment in this study have corroborated that suppression of TSPEAR − AS2 expression can curtail the malignant phenotype of CC.
Conclusion
We have successfully established an independent risk model, based on four SRLs (MIR210HG, TSPEAR-AS2, APTR, and ZEB1-AS1), which demonstrating high predictive accuracy for colon cancer patients. To further validate our findings, we focused on the most significant lncRNA, TSPEAR-AS2, conducting both in vivo and in vitro experiments. These experiments confirmed that inhibiting TSPEAR-AS2 expression can reduce the malignant phenotype of CC tumor cells and inhibit tumor formation in mice. Our research presents potential avenues for the development of personalized prediction strategies and the exploration of underlying pathways in colon cancer pathogenesis.
Comprehensive Exploration of Polyvinyl Alcohol-Tannic Acid Self-Assembled Hydrogel-Coated PVDF Membranes for Efficient Oil-Water Emulsion Separation
Authors: Yang Jie , Yan Zhuo , Dai Jiangdong
Published: April 2024

With the rapid industrial development worldwide, the volume of oily wastewater, including petroleum spills and industrial effluents, has increased dramatically, posing a threat to ecosystems and human health. Membrane separation technology, known for its advantages of phase-transition-free operation, low energy consumption, and simplicity, has gained rapid popularity in wastewater treatment. This study focused on modifying PVDF membranes using PVA-TA hydrogels with two distinct coordination strategies: TA-Fe3+ coordination and APTMS covalent cross-linking. The resulting composite membranes exhibited superhydrophilic/underwater superoleophobic properties with high emulsion flux (3800–6900 and 4200–12000 Lm− 2h− 1bar− 1) and separation efficiency (> 98.9% and > 99.3%) for various oil-water emulsions. Notably, the stability of the hydrogel network allowed the composite membranes to maintain elevated fluxes (6847.2 and 10266.7 Lm− 2h− 1bar− 1) and separation efficiencies (97.8% and 99.3%) even after 10 cycles for dichloroethylene-water emulsion. The addition of Fe3+ and APTMS enhances hydrogel stability and roughness, with APTMS contributing to superior wetting and separation performance. This work provides valuable insights into the impact of different coordination mechanisms on hydrogel-coated membranes, offering a foundation for the development of advanced materials in efficient oil-water separation.
Enhanced Relative Discrimination Criterion and RSS-ELM Techniques to Improve the Document Classification
Authors: Anwaar Muhammad , Gilanie Ghulam , Ahmad Faizan , Sharif Wareesa , Shaheen Momina , Ashraf Muhammad , Ali Rafaqat
Published: April 2024

The internet is teeming with an ever-increasing amount of text information, which can come in various forms such as words, phrases, terms, patterns, concepts, sentences, paragraphs, and documents. The vast quantity of data can pose a difficulty in terms of organizing and structuring textual data effectively. In existing research work, imbalance in counting the terms hampers the classification results. We prioritize the data that precisely fits into the correct class to reduce the imbalances in the dataset and improve the overall result quality. Significant improvements are noticed in accurately classifying text by maintaining an adequate ratio of text data and using efficient text classification approaches. To improve the generalized ability of ELM, feature Selection and optimization of Deep Learning algorithms produced a great influence on classification. In this paper, the Enhanced Relative Discriminative Criterion (ERDC) and Ringed Seal Search along with Extreme Learning Machine (RSS-ELM) have been proposed for text classification. Experiments are conducted on three text datasets named: Reuter21578, 20 newsgroups, and TDT2 with a different number of classes, which shows proposed ERDC technique presents an average of 91.6% accuracy results among the previous IRDC & RDC techniques. Moreover, the proposed RSS-ELM produced a significant result of around 99.1% as compared to existing CS-ELM and GA-ELM techniques which count an average of 66%, and 54% respectively.
Apology for myth in history
Authors: Экштут С.А.
Published: April 2024

Автор исходит из понимания мифа, которое сформулировал А.Ф. Лосев. Бытование мифа в истории тесно связано с двумя внешне далеко отстающими друг от друга, но внутренне неразрывно соединенными между собой процессами – поиском исторической альтернативы и восхвалением на страницах Истории, которое именуется воздаянием славы. Личность может проснуться знаменитой на следующий день после совершения поступка, а может очень долго дожидаться всеобщего признания собственных заслуг, но так и не дождаться прижизненной славы. В этом признании или непризнании молвой заслуг и достоинств личности заключается одно из частных проявлений альтернативного характера исторического процесса. Существует весьма протяженный временной лаг между совершением выдающегося исторического деяния и его достойной исторической оценкой, которая выставляется потомством. Напряженная ситуация признания или непризнания заслуг перед Историей многократно усложняется альтернативным характером исторического процесса.

The author proceeds from the understanding of myth by A.F. Losev. The existence of myth in history is closely connected with two processes that are outwardly far removed from each other, but internally inextricably linked - the search for a historical alternative and praise on the pages of History, which is called the retribution of glory. A person may wake up famous the next day after committing an act, or he may wait a very long time for general recognition of his own merits, but never achieve lifetime fame. This recognition or non-recognition by rumor of the merits and merits of an individual lies one of the particular manifestations of the alternative nature of the historical process. There is a very long time lag between the commission of an outstanding historical act and its worthy historical assessment, which is given by posterity. The tense situation of recognition or non-recognition of merits to History is greatly complicated by the alternative nature of the historical process.
Does Tourism Reduce Income Inequality Empirical Evidence for Turkiye
Authors: SOYU YILDIRIM Esra
Published: April 2024

Income inequality poses a significant risk to societal harmony. While tourism presents numerous economic prospects, the ongoing discussion regarding its impact on income inequality persists. Assessing the potential of leveraging the growth in the tourism industry to address income disparities will have significant ramifications for Turkiye, a prominent player in the tourism sector. Hence, this study examines the influence of tourism on the disparity of wealth in Turkiye spanning the years 1995 to 2020. The RALS-EG method is used to examine this impact. According to the information obtained, while an increase in the GDP variable increases income inequality, an increase in the FDI variable leads to a decrease in income inequality. The tourism variable, which is the main subject of the study, has a negative sign and a 1 unit increase in tourism causes a 0.03% decrease in income inequality.
Reflections of Technological Developments on Tourist Guidance: Mobile Tourist Guide Applications
Authors: EKİCİ ÇİLKİN Remziye , TOKSÖZ Derya
Published: April 2024

Technology is spreading to all areas of life day by day and has a significant impact on the tourism system, which consists of many different components. The profession of tourist guiding is also affected by technology and innovation. Advanced GPS-supported map applications, applications that offer detailed, written and audio descriptions of museums and protected areas can now offer tourists the alternative of travelling without a guide, even in destinations they visit for the first time. In this study, the effects of mobile tourist guide applications on the field of profession were examined by giving sample technological applications. The research conducted is a review study and the applications related to the subject in the field have been examined. The most preferred or most common 3 mobile tourist guide applications in the field were evaluated together with their features and their effects on the guiding profession. It has been determined that mobile tourist guide applications provide tourists with many different and rich information during their trips and facilitate tourists' trips.
Neighbourhoods and Social Cohesion: Why Neighbourhoods Still Matter
Authors: Kurtenbach Sebastian
Published: April 2024

This study analyses the connection between neighbourly relations and social cohesion. These concepts obviously overlap to a certain degree, but it is not clear how they are related. The crucial questions are if and how neighbourly relations can promote social cohesion. To answer this,
a qualitative study based on interviews (n = 4 0) was conducted to examine neighbourly relations in two urban districts in Germany. Both districts are characterized by high levels of social segregation and cultural diversity but differ from each other in terms of the extent of resident turnover,
the availability of local social service organizations, and their respective urban development profiles. The results show that there is a close connection between residents' perceptions of social cohesion and inclination for social participation in the neighbourhood. Local social service organizations
and associations can play a critical role in facilitating the social encounters that create such perceptions. Basically, neighbourly relationships are influenced by the local conditions, especially by the extent of fluctuation but also by neighbourly behaviour, which promotes social cohesion
at the neighbourhood level.
Representatividade política feminina como fator de concretização da democracia: uma análise a respeito das políticas afirmativas
Authors: Sparemberger Raquel Fabiana , Slongo Mayelli , De Souza Leonardo da Rocha
Published: April 2024

O eleitorado brasileiro constitui-se, no ano de 2020, por 52,5% de mulheres de acordo com o Tribunal Superior Eleitoral, contudo o Brasil encontra-se entre os países com piores indicadores na América Latina em relação à participação feminina na política. Segundo dados coletados pelo projeto Atenea, criado pelo Programa das Nações Unidas para o Desenvolvimento (Pnud) e pela ONU Mulheres, com o apoio da Idea International (International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance), o Brasil encontra-se em 9º lugar de uma lista de 11 países da América Latina analisados em relação aos direitos políticos das mulheres e à igualdade política entre homens e mulheres. Nesse contexto, busca-se compreender a importância da participação feminina na política brasileira, como forma de efetivação da igualdade entre homens e mulheres e fator de concretização da democracia participativa. Para tanto, por meio de levantamento teórico-bibliográfico e abordagem epistemológica hermenêutico-dialética, será estudada a igualdade de gênero entre homens e mulheres no Brasil em relação a direitos políticos, especificamente no que diz respeito à possibilidade de ser eleita, bem como em que contexto são necessárias, eficazes e qual a importância das ações afirmativas, para que se possa ao fim ser analisado se, quando do julgamento da ADI 5671, o STF agiu dentro de seu limite de competência.
Qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde e fatores associados em pessoas submetidas ao transplante hepático
Authors: Stolf Fernanda Maria Sirtolli , Vargas Deisi Maria , Nunes Carlos de Oliveira , De Azevedo Luciane Coutinho
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: Analisar a qualidade de vida (QV) e os fatores associados em pessoas submetidas ao transplante hepático no Sul do Brasil. Métodos: Estudo exploratório, de caráter transversal. As variáveis dependentes foram os domínios de QV coletadas por meio do questionário Short Form Quality of Life – 36, e as variáveis independentes, sexo, idade, estado civil, escolaridade, renda, empregabilidade, exercício físico, anos de transplante, etiologia e comorbidades. Na análise, considerou-se p<0,05. Resultados: Amostra foi de 226 pessoas. Os domínios da QV que mais pontuaram foram Aspecto Emocional, Aspecto Social e Capacidade Funcional, e os que menos pontuaram, Dor, Aspecto Físico e Vitalidade. Ser do sexo feminino associou-se a menor pontuação em Capacidade Funcional, Vitalidade e Aspecto Social. Menor renda associou-se a menores pontuações no Aspecto Emocional e não estar trabalhando, a menor pontuação na Vitalidade. Número de comorbidades associou-se negativamente com Estado Geral de Saúde e Vitalidade. A presença de doença de Saúde Mental reduziu os valores de Vitalidade, Aspecto Social, Aspecto Emocional e Saúde Mental. Fazer exercício físico após o transplante associou-se a maiores valores em Dor, Aspecto Físico, Capacidade Funcional, Vitalidade, Aspecto Emocional e Saúde Mental. Conclusões: Esta amostra apresentou percepção mais satisfatória nos domínios da QV Aspecto Emocional e Social e Capacidade Funcional. Fatores relacionados negativamente à qualidade de vida foram ser do sexo feminino, ter renda menor que R$ 3.000, não estar trabalhando, número de comorbidades presentes no momento da entrevista e presença de doença de saúde mental. Estar praticando exercício físico após o transplante relacionou-se positivamente.
Las dos libertades de Benjamin Constant
Authors: Mansuy Daniel
Published: April 2024

Este artículo relativiza la tesis de que Benjamin Constant es un antecedente directo de la distinción entre libertad positiva y negativa de Isaiah Berlin. Según aquella postura, habría una línea clara entre Dos conceptos de libertad, de Berlin, y el Discurso de Constant. En un primer momento, refiero al modo en que Berlin remite a Constant para dar cuenta de su distinción. Después examino una dificultad relevante que enfrenta la filiación propuesta por Berlin, que remite al tono republicano de Constant. En la tercera parte, examino el pensamiento de Constant, para tratar de determinar el papel que juega ese tono republicano, lo que, a su vez, resulta indispensable para medir su distancia con Berlin. Concluyo con algunas reflexiones en torno a la relación entre ambos autores.
La crítica de Aristóteles al automovimiento del alma en DA I
Authors: Sánchez Castro Liliana Carolina
Published: April 2024

Este artículo examina la posición de Aristóteles frente a la teoría del alma como entidad automotriz a la luz de una concepción menos negativa de la discusión de Aristóteles con sus predecesores. Para ello, exploro la hipótesis de que Aristóteles está produciendo los conceptos necesarios para su propia investigación a través de una crítica de la tesis de Platón. Muestro que, más que a una crítica, a lo que asistimos es a un proceso de apropiación conceptual en el que Aristóteles filtra la opinión para hacer un mejor uso de ella. Para fundamentar mi argumento, muestro cómo funciona el dispositivo exegético de Aristóteles y cómo podría conectarse en su propio procedimiento definicional del libro II del De Anima.
Modal and vibration response characteristics of rotating support platform
Authors: Zhao Qian
Published: April 2024

In order to improve the strength and stability of the rotating support platform, modal and stress characteristics were simulated and calculated based on finite element analysis method. In Hypemesh, the model of the rotating support platform was established. In Abaqus, boundary conditions and loads were defined, and the natural frequencies and vibration modes of the first four orders were obtained. Based on the structure and stress characteristics of the crossbeam, different damping technologies were compared and analyzed, and rubber damping scheme was selected and designed. Through time mileage analysis, the load response and damping effect of damping scheme were verified. The results show that the rubber damping scheme can reduce the maximum stress by more than 15 % without changing the natural frequency substantially.
Study on bullet impact performance of the HATO-based explosives
Authors: Yang Jian , Li Hong-Bin , Jin Peng-Gang , Gao Zan , Ren Song-Tao , Jiang Xi-Bo , Zhang Wei-Jing
Published: April 2024

In order to study the vulnerability of 1,1'-dihydroxy-5,5'-bistetrazole dihydroxylamine salt (HATO) based explosives, a comparative study of the bullet impact vulnerable characteristics of HATO-based explosives and HMX-based explosives were carried out by using the 12.7 mm bullet impact test method of the 700-group of the Military Mixed Explosives Formulation and Performance Test Methods. The results of the study indicate that due to the friction and impact sensitivities of the HATO and the HMX explosives are similar, and the bullet impact response degree and the safety performance of the HATO-based explosives and HMX-based explosives is equivalent too.
Modal and fatigue characteristics analysis of key components of tower crane
Authors: Guo Hao , Chen Kun
Published: April 2024

In order to ensure good stability and safety of the tower crane under long-term heavy load conditions, modal analysis and fatigue analysis were conducted on its key components, including standard section and frame section. The connection points of each truss structure were regarded as indivisible common nodes, and the model was simplified and parameterized, resulting in improved mesh quality and computational efficiency. Based on Pro/E, standard section and frame section models were established and imported into Workbench through intermediate data formats for simulation calculations in modal and static structural modules. By calculation, the natural frequency and modal shape of the standard section, as well as the lifespan, damage, and safety factor of the frame section, were obtained. It can be seen that the standard section has good structural stability and can maintain relative balance under excitation in different directions and degrees of freedom. If the safety factor of the web components is high and the service life is improved from a structural perspective, it can be considered to increase the thickness of the chord members.
Research and optimization of vibration damping control for computer case
Authors: Jia Dandan , Wang Rui
Published: April 2024

In order to effectively reduce the vibration of the product in the process of transportation, the cushioning pad is applied in the packaging of the computer case, which can not only greatly reduce the cost of the cushioning packaging design, but also promote the sales of the product. The vibration response of the key components in the computer case was tested and analyzed under the conditions of force hammer experiment and random vibration experiment, and the direct transmission rate of the buffer liner system to the key components was obtained. The excitation of three vibration levels of the standard truck vibration spectrum was used to simulate the excitation of different intensities in actual transportation, and the excitation acceleration power spectrum was obtained. The direct transmission rate quantified the vibration transmission characteristics of each buffer pad to the key components, and the size of the direct transmission rate reflected the degree of vibration energy absorption of each buffer pad to the key components. The critical buffer pad was optimized to absorb more vibration energy by increasing the buffer area of the critical buffer pad, reducing its vibration transmission capacity in the main resonance area.
Research and construction of an adaptive drive with increased efficiency based on a balancing friction clutch
Authors: Sultan Aidos , Yermoldina Gulnaz , Kassym Ruslan , Serikov Tansaule , Bekbosynov Serik , Yernazarov Nursultan , Tlenshiyeva Akmaral , Samat Ali , Yerzhigitov Erkin , Beibit Yerdaulet
Published: April 2024

Presently, there is significant emphasis on researching the automation of processes, systems, and devices across scientific and technical fields. This emphasis extends notably to sectors like aerospace, robotics, and electric transportation technology. One effective approach to tackling the technical and design challenges of automating various technological tools and processes is through the implementation of adaptive systems. Specifically, achieving efficient and reliable power transmission in electric autonomous and mobile vehicles can be realized by employing an adaptive mechanical drive with two degrees of freedom. The adaptability of this two-mobile system is enabled by introducing an innovative continuous multi-speed drive design featuring an additional friction coupling. The primary attribute ensuring the reliability of this self-adjusting mechanical drive lies in its ability to autonomously adapt to external loads. This is made possible by a balancing friction coupling that establishes a connection between the frictional torque and the relative angular velocity.