bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A local climate perspective on possible development pathways for Longyearbyen, Svalbard
Authors: Esau Igor , Miles Victoria
Published: December 2024

Arctic human settlements experience formidable challenges from accelerating climate change and environmental transformations. While these towns have demonstrated adaptive resilience, the looming threat of local climate extremes raises concerns about the results of adaptation and mitigation efforts. With the further development of Arctic settlements, it is necessary to consider changes in local climatic conditions, shifting the adaptation focus from regional to local scales. The local climate perspective in this literature synthesis study is built upon constraints from physical climatology, focused on the climate and environment within and around the town of Longyearbyen, Svalbard. The study provides insights into Longyearbyen’s local climate dynamics, including physical mechanisms, climate localisation, factors and trends, as well as their implications. Three model pathways for development are discussed, centred on (1) industrial development, (2) public services, and (3) tourism and conservation. This categorisation is introduced to distinguish development scenario sensitivity to the local climate effects. The synthesis indicates that any development concentrated spatially will amplify local warming and climate change, as positive climate feedback predominate. The study emphasises the need for a comprehensive understanding of the environmental factors sustaining local climatic anomalies.
Tree universality in positional games
Authors: Adamski Grzegorz , Antoniuk Sylwia , Bednarska-Bzdȩga Małgorzata , Clemens Dennis , Hamann Fabian , Mogge Yannick
Published: December 2024

In this paper we consider positional games where the winning sets are edge sets of tree-universal graphs. Specifically, we show that in the unbiased Maker-Breaker game on the edges of the complete graph

$K_n$

, Maker has a strategy to claim a graph which contains copies of all spanning trees with maximum degree at most

$cn/\log (n)$

, for a suitable constant

$c$

and

$n$

being large enough. We also prove an analogous result for Waiter-Client games. Both of our results show that the building player can play at least as good as suggested by the random graph intuition. Moreover, they improve on a special case of earlier results by Johannsen, Krivelevich, and Samotij as well as Han and Yang for Maker-Breaker games.
Are the number of nucleolar precursor body and size of pronuclear correlated with embryo development and ploidy status in 1PN zygotes?: an analysis through the time-lapse monitoring and pre-implantation genetic testing
Authors: Xiong Shun , Wang Jiang , Gao Yang , Wu Lihong , Hao Xiangwei , Zhu Jia hong , Tong Keya , Huang Guoning , Liu Jun xia , Han Wei
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to demonstrate the utilization value of 1PN embryos. The 1PN zygotes collected from December 2021 to September 2022 were included in this study. The embryo development, the pronuclear characteristics, and the genetic constitutions were investigated. The overall blastocyst formation and good-quality blastocyst rates in 1PN zygotes were 22.94 and 16.24%, significantly lower than those of 2PN zygotes (63.25 and 50.23%, respectively, P = 0.000). The pronuclear characteristics were found to be correlated with the developmental potential. When comparing 1PN zygotes that developed into blastocysts to those that arrested, the former exhibited a significantly larger area (749.49 ± 142.77 vs. 634.00 ± 119.05, P = 0.000), a longer diameter of pronuclear (29.81 ± 3.08 vs. 27.30 ± 3.00, P = 0.000), and a greater number of nucleolar precursor body (NPB) (11.56 ± 3.84 vs. 7.19 ± 2.73, P = 0.000). Among the tested embryos, the diploidy euploidy rate was significantly higher in blastocysts in comparison with the arrested embryos (66.67 vs. 11.76%, P = 0.000), which was also significantly higher in IVF-1PN blastocysts than in ICSI-1PN blastocysts (75.44 vs. 25.00%, P = 0.001). However, the pronuclear characteristics were not found to be linked to the chromosomal ploidy once they formed blastocysts.

In summary, while the developmental potential of 1PN zygotes is reduced, our study shows that, in addition to the reported pronuclear area and diameter, the number of NPB is also associated with their developmental potential. The 1PN blastocysts exhibit a high diploidy euploidy rate, are recommend to be clinically used post genetic testing, especially for patients who do not have other 2PN embryos available.
Cooking with Gas Creates Unhealthy Work Environments
Authors: Cartier Kimberly
Published: December 2024

Even with ventilation, commercial kitchens can have air pollution levels that exceed health-related limits.
Water Testing Builds Trust in Science as Maui Communities Recover
Authors: Cartier Kimberly
Published: December 2024

Following fires that ravaged the island in 2023, researchers educated residents about how wildfires affect water quality, and gathered data to determine how wildfire impacts change over time.
Mantle Motion Matters for Mapping Modern (and Ancient) Ice
Authors: Tripathy-Lang Alka
Published: December 2024

Mantle motions have major effects on topography and the distribution of ice sheets. The motions are key for researchers trying to properly parse past mantle movement.
The Breath of Colonialism Continues to Taint the Air in Uganda
Authors: Aksenfeld Rita
Published: December 2024

Potentially harmful air quality in Kampala, Uganda, follows the borders of segregated settlements from Africa's colonial era.
Io Probably Doesn’t Have a Global Magma Ocean After All
Authors: Cartier Kimberly
Published: December 2024

Data from the Juno spacecraft may have answered a decades-old question about Jupiter’s moon.
Comparing Global Violations of Environmentally Critical Groundwater Discharge Thresholds
Authors: Marinelli B. P. P. , Mohan C. , Gleeson T. , Ludwig F. , de Graaf I. E. M.
Published: December 2024

Groundwater is a crucial resource to support surface water bodies via groundwater discharge. In this study, we applied two methods of estimating global environmentally critical groundwater discharge, defined as the flux of groundwater to streamflow necessary to maintain a healthy environment, from 1960 to 2010: the Presumptive Standard stipulates that a standard proportion of groundwater discharge should be maintained at all timesteps, while the Q* is a low‐flow index that focuses on critical periods. We calculated these critical flow thresholds using simulated natural groundwater discharge, and estimated violations of the thresholds when human‐impacted groundwater discharge dropped too low. Our global assessment of the frequency and severity of violations over all timesteps in our study period showed that the Presumptive Standard estimated more frequent and severe violations than the Q*, but that the spatial patterns were similar for both methods. During low‐flow periods, when the relative importance of groundwater to support streamflow is greatest, both methods estimated similar magnitudes of violation frequency and severity. We further compared our results to a method of estimating environmentally critical streamflow, Variable Monthly Flow, which does not explicitly consider groundwater. From the differences in violation frequency between these groundwater‐centric and surface water‐centric methods, we evaluated the influence of including groundwater contributions to streamflow in environmental flow assessments. Our results show that including groundwater in such assessments is particularly important for regions with high groundwater demands in the drier climates of the world, while it is less important for regions with low groundwater demands and more humid climates.
Quadrivalent meningococcal tetanus toxoid-conjugate booster vaccination in children aged 10–12 years: phase III randomized trial complementary analysis of immune persistence 3–6 years after priming
Authors: Peterson James , Galarza Katherine , Bchir Siham , Zocchetti Celine , Bertrand-Gerentes Isabelle , Zambrano Betzana
Published: December 2024

Impact

Immune persistence following primary vaccination with a single dose of meningococcal quadrivalent conjugate vaccines, MenACYW-TT/MCV4-CRM, at age 10–12 years was demonstrated.

Most participants primed with MenACYW-TT and MCV4-CRM maintained seroprotective titers against all serogroups, suggesting continued protection.

Priming with MenACYW-TT resulted in higher persistent titers for serogroups C, W, and Y than MCV4-CRM.

A MenACYW-TT booster induced a robust immune response; almost all participants achieved seroprotection against all serogroups.

This analysis supports the ACIP recommendations for routine administration of a primary dose of a meningococcal ACWY conjugate vaccine at 11–12 years, with a booster dose at 16 years.
Methionine-driven YTHDF1 expression facilitates bladder cancer progression by attenuating RIG-I-modulated immune responses and enhancing the eIF5B-PD-L1 axis
Authors: Yu Anze , Fu Liangmin , Jing Lanyu , Wang Yinghan , Ma Zifang , Zhou Xinwei , Yang Rui , Liu Jinhui , Hu Jiao , Feng Wei , Yang Taowei , Chen Zhenhua , Zu Xiongbing , Chen Wei , Chen Junxing , Luo Junhang
Published: December 2024

The impact of amino acids on tumor immunotherapy is gradually being uncovered. In this study, we screened various essential and non-essential amino acids and found that methionine enhances mRNA methylation and reduced the activation of Type I interferon pathway in bladder cancer. Through RNA sequencing, point mutations, MB49 mouse tumor models, and single-cell RNA sequencing, we demonstrated that high methionine levels elevate the expression of m6A reader YTHDF1, promoting the degradation of RIG-I, thereby inhibiting the RIG-I/MAVS-mediated IFN-I pathway and reducing the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy. Additionally, immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry revealed that YTHDF1 binds to the eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF5B, which acts on PD-L1 mRNA to enhance its translation and promote immune evasion. By intravesical administration of oncolytic bacteria VNP20009, we effectively depleted methionine locally, significantly prolonging mouse survival and enhancing immune cell infiltration and differentiation within tumors. Multiplex immunofluorescence assays in bladder cancer immunotherapy patients confirmed our findings. Our research elucidates two mechanisms by which methionine inhibits bladder cancer immunotherapy and proposes a targeted methionine depletion strategy that advances research while minimizing nutritional impact on patients.
Parahydrogen-enhanced magnetic resonance identification of intermediates in [Fe]-hydrogenase catalysis
Authors: Kaltschnee Lukas , Pravdivtsev Andrey N. , Gehl Manuel , Huang Gangfeng , Stoychev Georgi L. , Riplinger Christoph , Keitel Maximilian , Neese Frank , Hövener Jan-Bernd , Auer Alexander A. , Griesinger Christian , Shima Seigo , Glöggler Stefan
Published: December 2024

Hydrogenases are widespread metalloenzymes used for the activation and production of molecular hydrogen. Understanding the catalytic mechanism of hydrogenases can help to establish industrial (bio)catalytic hydrogen production and conversion. Here we show the observation of so-far undetectable intermediates of [Fe]-hydrogenase in its catalytic cycle. We observed these intermediates by applying a signal-enhancing NMR technique based on parahydrogen. Molecular hydrogen occurs as orthohydrogen or parahydrogen, depending on its nuclear spin state. We found that catalytic conversion of parahydrogen by the [Fe]-hydrogenase leads to notably enhanced NMR signals (parahydrogen-induced polarization, PHIP). The observed signals encode information about how the [Fe]-hydrogenase binds hydrogen during catalysis. Our data support models of the catalytic mechanism that involve the formation of a hydride at the iron centre. Moreover, PHIP enabled studying the binding kinetics. This work demonstrates the hitherto unexploited power of PHIP to study catalytic mechanisms of hydrogenases.
Laser Fundamentals
Authors: Goswami Debabrata
Published: December 2024

Applications of light–matter interaction have exploded in recent years due to the multitude of enhancements in laser technology. The development of nanoparticle research has also grown in leaps and bounds in recent decades, leading to a major development in quantum dots. The year 2023 was a special year of celebration for these fields as researchers in them were simultaneously awarded two Nobel Prizes. In this chapter, we first introduce some fundamental aspects of lasers and then show their impact on the study and measurement of events happening at the nanoscale. We show the importance of the spatial and temporal aspects of laser interactions, including the various possible aspects of ultrashort pulse shaping, resulting in the control and manipulation of nanoparticles.
Synergy of Cu-doping and in situ reconstruction on Bi2O2CO3 for promoting CO2 electroreduction over a wide pH range
Authors: Zhang Shengnan , Zhang Xiaoyan , Yang Jiatai , Liu Kang , Zhao Jingwen , Guo Shaojun , Zhang Lixue
Published: December 2024

Doping Cu and in situ electrochemical reconstruction on Bi2O2CO3 optimize the hybridization between Bi 6p of Bi2O2CO3 and O 2p of *OCHO, leading to high HCOO− faradaic efficiency of >96% in the all-pH range and satisfactory durability.
Elucidating trends in synthesis and structural periodicity in a series of tetravalent actinide–oxo hexamers
Authors: McCusker Thomas L. , Vanagas Nicole A. , Szymanowski Jennifer E. S. , Surbella Robert G. , Bertke Jeffery A. , Arteaga Ana , Knope Karah E.
Published: December 2024

Differences in synthetic conditions and structural systematics in a series of actinide–oxo clusters reflect trends in the hydrolysis behavior of the tetravalent metal ions, Th–Pu.
Molecular dynamics of evaporative cooling of water clusters
Authors: Klíma Martin , Janek Jiří , Kolafa Jiří
Published: December 2024

Using MD simulations, we found that the evaporation of water clusters is faster than predicted by classical models. Additionally, the rotational degrees of freedom are colder than the translational ones.
New horizons in nanoelectrochemistry: concluding remarks
Authors: Ewing Andrew G.
Published: December 2024

The aim of this paper is to overview the meeting on New horizons in nanoelectrochemistry held at Nanjing University in China in October 2024 and to give some perspective to the work presented.
Correction: Melatonin as an inducer of arecoline and their coordinated roles in anti-oxidative activity and immune responses
Authors: Yin Xiaojian , Wei Yunxie , Song Wei , Zhang He , Liu Guoyin , Chen Yan , Li Lan-Zhu , Alolga Raphael N. , Ma Gaoxiang , Reiter Russel J. , Li Jia , Shi Haitao
Published: December 2024

Correction for ‘Melatonin as an inducer of arecoline and their coordinated roles in anti-oxidative activity and immune responses’ by Xiaojian Yin et al., Food Funct., 2020, 11, 8788–8799, https://doi.org/10.1039/D0FO01841D.
Enhanced emission spectra from flame-assisted LIBS for high-sensitivity detection of Pb in water
Authors: Wan Xiangtong , Yu Xin , Chen Yutong , Wang Ying , Chen Anmin , Jin Mingxing
Published: December 2024

The flame-assisted method significantly enhances LIBS signal intensity, and the combination with dry droplet pretreatment improves the sensitivity for analyzing trace metal elements in water.
Highly selective cloud point extraction of thorium(iv) ions in environmental samples for their ultra-trace level determination by total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometry
Authors: Saha Abhijit , Sanyal Kaushik , Kumari Khushboo , Deb Sadhan Bijoy , Saxena Manoj Kumar
Published: December 2024

The bis(phosphoramidate) ligand-assisted selective cloud point extraction of thorium(iv) ions provides a minimum detection limit of 0.1 μg L−1 by TXRF spectrometry and high tolerance limits for uranium(vi) and lanthanide(iii) ions.
Interfacial chemistry at solid–liquid van der Waals heterojunctions enabling sub-5 nm Ohmic contacts for monolayer semiconductors
Authors: Liu Dexing , Zhang Shengdong , Zhang Min
Published: December 2024

Interfacial chemistry at metal/water/monolayer semiconductor van der Waals heterojunctions is investigated by first principles calculations, revealing dipole-induced Fermi-level pinning and Ohmic contacts with low-resistance tunneling behavior.
Vector substrate design for grain boundary engineering: boosting oxygen evolution reaction performance in LaNiO3
Authors: Liu Huan , Han Yue , Guo Jinrui , Gao Wenqi , Wang Jiaqing , He Bin , Wang Zhihong , Lü Weiming
Published: December 2024

Accurate control of diverse LaNiO3 grain boundaries is achieved through vector substrate engineering, leveraging transferrable freestanding oxide layers to enhance the OER.
Polymeric nanoparticles in radiopharmaceutical delivery strategies
Authors: Tian Haidong , Guo Huijun , Liu Jiadi , Du Yongpeng , Ren Haiwei , Li Hongyan
Published: December 2024

The potential applications of polymer nanoparticles (NPs) in the biomedical field have been the subject of extensive research.
Quaternary arrangements of membrane proteins: an aquaporin case
Authors: Hrmova Maria
Published: December 2024

Integral polytopic α-helical membrane transporters and aquaporins move and distribute various molecules and dispose of or compartmentalize harmful elements that gather in living cells. The view shaped nearly 25 years ago states that integrating these proteins into cellular membranes can be considered a two-stage process, with hydrophobic core folding into α-helices across membranes to form functional entities (Popot and Engelman, 1990; Biochemistry29, 4031–4037). Since then, a large body of evidence cemented the roles of structural properties of membrane proteins and bilayer solvent components in forming functional assemblies. This mini-review updates our understanding of multifaced factors, which underlie transporters integration and oligomerization, focusing on water-permeating aquaporins. This work also elaborates on how individual monomers of bacterial and mammalian aquaporin tetramers, interact with each other, and how tetramers form contacts with lipids after being embedded in lipid bilayers of known composition, which mimics bacterial and mammalian membranes. Although this mini-review describes findings acquired using current methods, the view is open to how to extend this knowledge through, e.g. single-molecule-based and in situ cryogenic-electron tomography techniques. These and other methods could unravel the sources of entropy for membrane protein assemblies and pathways underlying integration, folding, oligomerization and quaternary structure formation with binding partners. We could expect that these exceedingly interdisciplinary approaches will form the basis for creating optimized transport systems, which could inspire bioengineering to develop a sustainable and healthy society.
Empowering Learners: GenIA and Their Impact on Self-regulated learning
Authors: Safsouf Yassine , Mouachi Raja
Published: December 2024

Self-regulated learning plays a crucial role in mitigating dropout rates and the risk of failure in the e-learning experience. However, when learners are left to their own devices, they can become frustrated and fatigued, often due to a lack of effective self-regulation techniques. The growing popularity of generative AI, its flexibility, and its accessibility through various free chat tools offer learners opportunities to interact and receive feedback on their learning processes. This article proposes a study on the diverse relationship between AI and self-regulated learning, exploring how AI can assist learners in managing their learning strategies, setting goals, monitoring progress, and regulating cognitive and affective processes.
Computational and dynamic performance of NN-based control in wind energy systems
Authors: Belkasem Imodane , Kaoutar Dahmane , Brahim Bouachrine , Abdellah El idrissi , Mohamed Benydir , Mohamed Ajaamoum
Published: December 2024

In modern power grids, the integration of renewable energy sources such as wind power is crucial to achieving sustainable energy goals. However, the intermittent nature of renewable energy generation creates grid stability issues, particularly with the stabilization of the DC link voltage in systems using Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators (PMSGs). This paper investigates the effectiveness of a boost converter combined with Neural Network Control (NNC) trained by Sliding Mode Control (SMC) in managing voltage fluctuations. To achieve this, we implement both control strategies on a LAUNCHXL-F28069M DSP board using Processor-In-the-Loop (PIL) techniques, enabling a direct comparison of their dynamic and computational performance. While NNC-based control shows superior adaptability and responsiveness, it consumes more computational resources than SMC, particularly in terms of execution time and power consumption. This study provides an overview of the trade-offs between resource consumption and performance, offering a clearer understanding of control strategies for optimizing renewable energy management in embedded systems.
YOLOv10-Enabled IoT Robot Car for Accurate Disease Detection in Strawberry Cultivation
Authors: Bellout Abdelaaziz , Zarboubi Mohamed , Dliou Azzedine , Latif Rachid , Saddik Amine
Published: December 2024

This study addresses the growing need for effective disease management in strawberry cultivation, a crop vital for global nutrition. We present an innovative approach that combines the YOLOv10 model with a Remote-Controlled Robot Car to revolutionize strawberry disease detection. Our system merges deep learning, IoT, and precision agriculture techniques to enable real-time monitoring of strawberry fields. This technology-driven solution offers a proactive and data-based method for identifying diseases early. Our findings show the potential of this advanced system to significantly improve agricultural practices and support sustainable food production. The YOLOv10n model achieved a 96.78% mAP-50 ratio for accurately locating diseased leaves. By integrating IoT capabilities, the system allows for remote control and continuous monitoring, eliminating the need for daily on-site expert inspections. This approach not only enhances disease management efficiency but also has the potential to increase crop yields and reduce pesticide use, contributing to more sustainable farming practices.
Birotor Coaxial Model Estimation using Different Influence Function of Cultural Algorithm
Authors: Azegmout Mohamed , Mjahed Mostafa , El Kari Abdeljalil , Ayad Hassan
Published: December 2024

This work investigates the estimation of a coaxial birotor UAV’s model parameters by utilizing four influence function of Cultural Algorithm (CA). The CA is regarded as a strong algorithm that can adapt to a variety of problems. In this case, we are utilizing Situational and Normative knowledge sources, evaluating the efficacy of the proposed techniques is believed to depend on applying these tactics to uncover the coaxial birotor’s autonomous complicated and nonlinear dynamics. The coaxial birotor model’s parameters are retrieved using intelligent CA-(NS), CA-(SD), CA-(SD+NS), and CA-(ND+NS) techniques after the birotor dynamic modeling is defined using the Newton-Euler formalism. Ultimately, simulation results demonstrate the superior efficiency of CA-(SD+NS) in birotor identification parameter optimization.
Performance evaluation of forecasting strategies for building occupancy prediction
Authors: Maniar Amine , Delahoche Laurent , Chrifi-Alaoui Larbi , Zegrari Mourad , Mohamed Hamlich , Marhic Bruno , Masson Jean-Baptiste
Published: December 2024

Occupant behavior has been identified as a key factor affecting energy usage in buildings. Integrating occupancy data into HVAC control strategies presents an opportunity for substantial energy savings. The proposed study evaluates different occupancy prediction strategies with a focus on forecasting performance on highly variable signals such as CO2 concentration and noise levels. Our work compares single-step and multiple-steps prediction methods to analyze their impact on accuracy and reliability. The predicted signals can be used to identify future activity to improve occupancy forecasting. In this paper, we highlight the importance of accurate occupancy data and fitting forecasting strategy and propose future research directions to address current limitations in occupancy prediction models.
Advanced Cancer Classification Using AI and Pattern Recognition Techniques
Authors: Haddou Bouazza Sara , Haddou Bouazza Jihad
Published: December 2024

Accurate cancer classification is essential for early detection and effective treatment, yet the complexity of gene expression presents significant challenges. In this study, we explored how combining multiple feature selection methods with various classifiers enhances the identification of marker genes for four cancers: leukemia, lung, lymphoma, and ovarian cancer. We applied feature selection techniques such as the F Test, Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), T-test, ReliefF, Correlation Coefficient, Mutual Information, and minimum redundancy maximum relevance, along with classifiers including K-Nearest Neighbors, Support Vector Machines, Linear Discriminant Analysis, Decision Tree Classifiers, and Naive Bayes. Our results demonstrate that the SNR method consistently achieved the highest accuracy in gene selection, particularly when paired with K-means clustering. Remarkably, leukemia was classified with 100% accuracy using only four genes, lung cancer, and lymphoma with 100% and 97% accuracy, respectively, using three genes, and ovarian cancer with 100% accuracy using just one gene. These findings highlight the potential of minimal gene sets for highly precise cancer classification.
Wearable fractal integrated antennas for medical applications
Authors: Reha Abdelati , Benkhadda Oumaima , Harrou Meryama , Saih Mohamed
Published: December 2024

Wearable embedded antennas are becoming increasingly vital in modern healthcare, enabling continuous monitoring and communication for medical purposes. Integrated into wearable devices, these antennas facilitate the transmission and reception of crucial health data, such as pulse rate, body temperature, and blood pressure, to healthcare professionals or real-time monitoring systems. This instant data transmission allows for swift interventions, thereby enhancing the quality of healthcare services. The aim of this study is to summarize recent research carried out in prestigious databases, focusing on the specificity and effectiveness of wearable fractal antennas used in medical applications. This synthesis offers valuable insights for researchers and practitioners aiming to develop and implement wearable integrated fractal antennas in the medical field, ultimately improving healthcare and patient outcomes.
Machine Learning Analysis of Informal Minibus Taxi Driving
Authors: Cele Nomfundo , Kibangou Alain , Musakwa Walter
Published: December 2024

This paper presents a machine learning analysis of driving behaviors in informal minibus taxis, focusing on both controlled and uncontrolled environments. Informal minibus taxis play a crucial role in urban transportation, particularly in developing countries, yet their driving patterns and safety implications remain under-explored. We utilize exploratory factor analysis to analyze data collected from smartphone GPS carried by a passenger of a minibus taxi, identifying key driving behaviors and patterns. Our study highlights significant differences in driving styles between controlled and uncontrolled environments, offering insights into safety and efficiency. The findings provide valuable information for policymakers, transportation planners, and technology developers aiming to enhance urban mobility and safety in the informal transport sector.
Educable learning-oriented multilevel shared autonomy for inclusive mobility and healthcare
Authors: Vanderhaegen Frédéric , Ascone Corentin
Published: December 2024

This paper proposes a new paradigm based on educable learning for multilevel shared autonomy between humans and machines on future inclusive mobility or healthcare. Multilevel shared autonomy is presented from the perspective of three groups of process: a group of interactive supports, a group of roles of humans and machine in the course of shared autonomy and a group of sources or targets for inclusive mobility or healthcare. Two literature reviews present advances of the first two groups. Educable learning oriented multilevel shared autonomy is then proposed to recover limits of current approaches and to update online or offline learning or education supports. A case study illustrates the feasibility of such educable learning process.
Understanding the railway driving activity to design HUD: Recommendations and specificities for future light trains
Authors: Bernard Cécile I. , Gadmer Quentin , Richard Philippe
Published: December 2024

As new operating modes emerge for rail transportation, an ergonomics and human factors centered study is essential to ensure that the needs of operators are fully taken into account during this evolution. In this paper, we study the possibility of integrating heads-up displays (HUD’s) to help design future train cabs for very light trains operating in small rural lines. Multiple studies underline the apparent advantages of using HUD’s in transport fields, notably to improve the visibility of certain information or reduce the time when the driver’s attention must diverge from the train and its environment. However, implementing such interfaces is not simple, as technological solutions can be difficult to implement and must comply with strict safety standards. While it has been scarcely explored in the railway industry, this paper investigates the known advantages and disadvantages of using HUD’s, and presents recommendations for their development, based on both a study of the literature and general observations made in the driver’s cab of various types of train operating on small rural lines.
Robust H∞ Control Implementation in IFOC for High-Performance Electric Vehicle Induction Motors
Authors: Boudallaa Abdelhak , Chennani Mohammed , Belkhadir Ahmed , Rhofir Karim , Belkhayat Driss
Published: December 2024

This paper presents an indirect field-oriented control method with rotor flux orientation applied to induction motors, enhanced by robust controllers. This approach aims to optimize the motor's dynamic performance, allowing for more precise control of torque and speed. Due to the nonlinear, multivariable, and highly coupled dynamics, induction motors require particularly complex control algorithms. Consequently, this method relies on accurate knowledge of the rotor position, which is directly related to the rotor time constant and, under real conditions, depends on temperature variations as well as the magnetic state of the machine. This technique was simulated in MATLAB/Simulink environment and subsequently implemented in real time.
Design of a Dual Band Antenna for Wireless Communications Utilizing the Sierpinski Carpet Fractal
Authors: Attioui Sanae , Khabba Asma , Ibnyaich Saida , Zeroual Abdelouhab
Published: December 2024

This study is focused on the design and presentation of a unique dual band fractal antenna that incorporates the Sierpinski carpet onto the fundamental rectangular patch antenna. The versatility of this fractal antenna lies in its innovative design, which makes it suitable for the applications that operate in the C-band and X-band. The process of producing the Sierpinski carpet involves cutting three squares of different sizes within the given patch area. The fractal antenna that is suggested is placed on a substrate composed of FR-4 material, which possesses a dielectric constant of 4.4. Additionally, the antenna has dimensions 35 × 30 × 1.6 mm3. The antenna that is being proposed for use has been designed and developed through the utilization of the High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS). According to the simulation results, it can be observed that the fractal antenna demonstrates the capability of resonating at three distinct frequencies. The frequencies of 4.88 GHz (-19.88 dB), 9.62 GHz (-15.07 dB), and 10.03 GHz (-26.65 dB) are all characterized by a radiation behavior that is considered appropriate for the intended application.
Optimizing Convolution Operations for YOLOv4-based Object Detection on GPU
Authors: Guerrouj Fatima Zahra , Rodríguez Flórez Sergio , El Ouardi Abdelhafid , Abouzahir Mohamed , Ramzi Mustapha
Published: December 2024

Real-time object detection is crucial for autonomous vehicles, and YOLO (You Only Look Once) algorithms have demonstrated their effectiveness for this purpose. This study examines the performance of YOLOv4 [3] for real-time object detection on an embedded architecture. We focus on optimizing the computationally intensive convolution operations by employing the cuDNN library to achieve efficient inference. The evaluation assesses critical performance metrics, including object detection accuracy in terms of Mean Average Precision (mAP) and inference latency on the embedded architecture. We conduct a comparative analysis using the publicly available KITTI [7] database. The reported results establish a benchmark between the parallelized YOLOv4 model and the baseline implementation, assessing the advantages of cuDNN acceleration for real-time object detection on resource-constrained devices.
La rééducation myofonctionnelle oro-faciale avec gouttière préfabriquée : simple option thérapeutique ou nécessité médicale
Authors: Amat Philippe , Béry Alain
Published: December 2024

Les données publiées, même de niveaux de biais hétérogènes, concluent à la supériorité d’une rééducation myofonctionnelle oro-faciale (RMOF) combinée au port d’une gouttière de rééducation préfabriquée (GRP), comparée à la mise en œuvre d’une rééducation myofonctionnelle oro-faciale sans gouttière de rééducation préfabriquée sur l’amélioration de paramètres fonctionnels (ventilation, indice d’apnée hypopnée, déglutition, équilibre musculaire) et anthropométriques (dentoalvéolaires et squelettiques).

Du fait de la supériorité d’une rééducation myofonctionnelle oro-faciale avec gouttière de rééducation préfabriquée, il est également souhaitable que les orthodontistes remettent systématiquement une gouttière de rééducation préfabriquée à chacun des patients qu’ils adressent à un rééducateur spécialisé, kinésithérapeute ou orthophoniste, pour une rééducation myofonctionnelle oro-faciale spécialisée.

Cette approche de la rééducation myofonctionnelle oro-faciale avec gouttière de rééducation préfabriquée apparaît comme un nécessaire changement de paradigme, dont il semble utile de faire bénéficier nos patients. Ne pas le faire pourrait être pour le patient assimilé à une perte de chance et si un praticien prétextait ne pas être au courant, il montrerait ipso facto son manquement à l’obligation de formation continue.
An Introduction to the Teaching Reform of Data Science Courses in the Context of Big Data
Authors: Shang Du , Su Shuai
Published: December 2024

In the big data age, it’s imperative for data science courses to undergo transformation and embrace innovation. Building upon the foundation of existing data science education, we should introduce a big data-informed perspective for curriculum reform. This reform should encompass specific strategies and measures across various dimensions, including curriculum content, pedagogical approaches, theoretical instruction, and practical application scenarios. The goal of this curriculum overhaul is to foster an integration of modern statistical techniques with big data analytics, balancing theoretical knowledge with hands-on experience. It aims to develop students’ statistical acumen and their ability to manage complex datasets within the big data landscape. By doing so, it seeks to elevate students’ overall proficiency and empower them with the skills to apply contemporary mathematical and statistical methods to tackle realworld challenges effectively.
Digital Empowerment of the Innovation of Ideological and Political Education Methods
Authors: Guo Ling
Published: December 2024

Digital technology has significantly empowered ideological and political education. Digital ideological and political education is the requirement of reform and innovation of ideological and political education in the new era. It is not only the innovation in the instrumental sense, but also the renewal of the mode of thinking on the value level. In the digital era, ideological and political education plays a leading role in the field of ideology and politics, and it should make use of big data technology to enhance the cohesion and leadership of the mainstream ideology, to enhance the vividness of ideological and political education by adapting educational content and methods, and to gather the power of ideological and political education by taking digital technology as the basis, breaking through the limitations of time and space and the field, and realizing the collection and sharing of high-quality resources.
Research on Population Trends and Optimal Allocation of Urban and Rural Public Resources in Luzhou City Based on Multi source Remote Sensing Data
Authors: Bing Xiao , Dan Xie , Ze Wang , Tao Ji , Ming Zeng , Jianyu Chen , Jiangjun Chen
Published: December 2024

Population is an important basis for land and resource planning, and optimising the allocation of urban and rural public resources is conducive to the development of the regional economy and the protection of the regional ecological environment. Existing studies have mostly adopted the field research method, which mainly relies on researchers’ field visits to the population and public resources in the study area, and the data obtained by this method are relatively accurate, but only small-scale studies can be carried out, and it is difficult for researchers to grasp the overall state of the regional population and urban and rural public resources as a whole. This study is mainly based on multi-source nighttime light remote sensing data to analyse the population distribution and urban and rural public resources development in Luzhou City, Sichuan Province from 2012 to 2020, and the results of the study show that: 1.The total population of Luzhou City in 2020 is 314,100 more than the resident population of Luzhou City in the regression compared with the statistical data of Luzhou City, and the relative error is 7.38%, which shows that the overall accuracy of this study is high. 2. Luzhou city overall population, economy and public resources rapid development of the region is more dense, and shows the phenomenon of spatial aggregation. Good population development and balanced allocation of urban and rural public resources will be conducive to promoting the rapid development of the regional economy and providing sustainable power for regional development.
The Impact of Streamer Marketing on Consumer Purchasing Behavior in the Live-Stream Economy
Authors: Xu Zhanlin
Published: December 2024

Face-to-face video connection via online live stream decreases knowledge asymmetry between buyers and sellers and has emerged as a new economic model in the wake of the COVID-19 epidemic. Based on this new economic model, this study focuses on the impact of streamer marketing methods on customer purchasing behavior. Through questionnaire survey research, it is found that the current live stream economy has become an economic model with high participation. Consumers are generally less affected by streamer marketing strategies, and their buying behavior is generally more rational. Quality marketing in streamer marketing methods will significantly enhance consumers’ purchasing behavior. After impulse buying, consumers are more rational and will properly dispose of unnecessary goods. Finally, results are discussed based on the research.
Research on the Current Situation and Causes of Food Additives Problem in China
Authors: Li Zimu
Published: December 2024

In recent years, the food additives problem in China remains serious although it has been alleviated, which inevitably triggers public concern. In this study, 216 citizens’ knowledge of food additives was investigated using a combination of literature research method and questionnaire survey to systematically research the current situation, causes and impacts of the food additives problem in China. The results indicate that China’s current food additive standards to a large extent take the GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) of the United States for reference. However, the results of sampling tests still reveal severe food additives problems, especially the common problem of illegal additives by enterprises. Besides, the public’s knowledge of food additives is limited. Thus, their concerns focus on color and taste additives, whereas their acceptance of functional additives is higher. The industry uses additives mainly to save costs and improve the taste. However, weak regulation is a key factor leading to the problems. Moreover, the public believes that food additives have both advantages and disadvantages, with the advantages being improved taste and quality, and the disadvantages being possible psychological dependence and health hazards. Most people believe that the disadvantages outweigh the advantages. Finally, considering the major problems of food additives in China, the public’s general concern and the causes of the problems, this paper puts forward suggestions for solving the problems of food additives in China.
Cobalt-Catalyzed Three-Component Synthesis of α-Substituted N-Sulfonyl Amines via C(sp2)–H Bond Activation
Authors: Manolikakes Georg , Olu-Igbiloba Oluwaseun A. , Sitzmann Helmut
Published: December 2024

Herein, we report a three-component synthesis of α-substituted N-sulfonyl amines from aryl aldehydes, primary sulfonamides, and (hetero)arenes as readily available building blocks. This method is based on the direct functionalization of (hetero)arenes via a cobalt-catalyzed C(sp2)–H bond activation. It enables the modular synthesis of highly substituted sulfonamides as interesting scaffolds for pharmaceutical applications in good yields with a high degree of structural diversity. The applicability of this method in the context of pharmaceutical research was demonstrated by the late-stage modification of active pharmaceutical ingredients and drug-like compounds. Overall, this process offers an interesting and atom-economical alternative to classical approaches for the preparation of α-arylated amines, such as the Petasis reactions or similar processes based on organometallic reagents.
Enhancing Surgical Outcomes: Evaluating the Impact of Implementing the World Health Organization Surgical Safety Checklist—A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Gasoma ElMuhtadi B. Y. , Marouf Mohamed A.
Published: December 2024

Background Globally, surgical care plays a vital role in health care. Unfortunately, complications arise in approximately 5 to 18% of surgical procedures. However, research has shown that following the surgical safety checklist provided by the World Health Organization (WHO) can significantly reduce these complications and surgery-related fatalities. The objective of this study was to assess the accuracy and completion of the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist.

Materials and Method From October 3, 2022 to February 28, 2023, a comprehensive observational study was conducted involving 300 patients who underwent elective and emergency surgeries. The completion rates for the different stages of surgery, namely sign-in, time-out, and sign-out, were determined using the SPSS 22.0 software.

Result In our research, we specifically examined the completion of the checklist for 300 patients who underwent important procedures within a span of 5 months. For each patient, we ensured that their identities, procedures, and consent were verified with a 100% success rate. Additionally, we thoroughly checked the anesthesia equipment and drugs for safety in every case. Furthermore, all essential images were consistently displayed for each patient, achieving a 100% adherence to this crucial aspect of the process.

Conclusion In general, the level of completeness of the checklist was satisfactory across the sign-in, time-out, and sign-out phases. While this study did not assess the specific outcomes, it is presumed that incomplete data may have exposed patients to potential perioperative complications.
Vapor–liquid–crystal three-phase equilibrium of the deuterium–helium binary system
Authors: Bereznyak N. G. , Sheinina A. A.
Published: December 2024

The P−T line of three-phase (vapor–liquid–solid) equilibrium of the deuterium–helium binary system was measured from the triple point of deuterium to a pressure of approximately 60 atm. The solubility of He4 in deuterium on this three-phase equilibrium line is estimated. The difference between the effects of Ne and He4 impurities on the freezing temperature of hydrogen isotopes is also examined.
Ultrafast no-wash bioassay based on gold nanoparticles and enhanced by acoustic streaming
Authors: Pan Shuting , Ke Xianwu , You Rui , Wang Yanyan , Chen Xian , Shen Xiaotian , Liu Bohua , Sun Chongling , Pang Wei , Duan Xuexin
Published: December 2024

No-wash bioassays based on nanoparticles are used widely in biochemical procedures because of their responsive sensing and no need for washing processes. Essential for no-wash biosensing are the interactions between nanoparticles and biomolecules, but it is challenging to achieve controlled bioconjugation of molecules on nanomaterials. Reported here is a way to actively improve nanoparticle-based no-wash bioassays by enhancing the binding between biomolecules and gold nanoparticles via acoustic streaming generated by a gigahertz piezoelectric nanoelectromechanical resonator. Tunable micro-vortices are generated at the device–liquid interface, thereby accelerating the internal circulating flow of the solution, bypassing the diffusion limitation, and thus improving the binding between the biomolecules and gold nanoparticles. Combined with fluorescence quenching, an enhanced and ultrafast no-wash biosensing assay is realized for specific proteins. The sensing method presented here is a versatile tool for different types of biomolecule detection with high efficiency and simplicity.