bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Isoliquiritigenin induced endoplasmic reticulum stress in zebrafish embryos
Authors: Hu Deliang , Xia Yang , Zhang Chun , Fan Shijie , Lin Ling , Luo Puying , Xiong Yuanhuan , Su Yufang
Published: April 2024

Isoliquiritigenin (ISL), a natural flavonoid compound from the root of licorice, has antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-allergic effects, and is commonly detected in both environmental and human samples. Our previous studies have demonstrated that exposure to ISL can result in developmental deformities and abnormal immune responses. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the toxicity of ISL towards zebrafish embryos remains incompletely understood. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of ISL exposure on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in zebrafish embryos by examining the expression levels of ER stress markers HSPA5 and CHOP as well as related apoptosis factor under different concentrations of ISL, using Tm as a positive control group. Additionally, we performed targeted analysis of ER stress-related pathways via RNA transcriptome sequencing. The results showed that exposure to ISL induced high expression levels of HSPA5 and CHOP while activating ER stress pPERK-PEIF2a-ATF4 and ATF6 pathways in zebrafish embryos. These findings suggest that activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling pathway may contribute to the developmental deformities observed following exposure to ISL in zebrafish embryos, highlighting potential ecological risks associated with its use.
The burden of skin diseases in China: Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Authors: Kong Yaoyao , Xing Peiye , Huai Pengcheng , Zhang Furen
Published: April 2024

Skin diseases continue to affect human health and cause a significant disease burden on the healthcare system.We aimed to report the changing trends in the burden of skin disease in China from 1990–2019, Which has an important role in developing targeted prevention strategies. We applied Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 analytical tools to calculate the age-standardized Prevalence and Incidence rates in 2019, number of YLDs and agestandardized YLD rate from 1990 to 2019 of skin and subcutaneous diseases, notifiable infectious skin diseases and skin tumors in China. Among the skin and subcutaneous diseases in China in 2019, dermatitis contributed to the greatest years lived with disability (YLD) (2.17 million, 95% uncertainty interval[UI]: 1.28–3.36). Age-standardized YLD rates for leprosy decreased from 0.09 (95%UI: 0.06–0.13) in 1990 to 0.04 (95%UI: 0.03–0.06) in 2019; the proportional decrease was 55.56% over 30 years. Age-standardized YLD rates for HIV and sexually transmitted infections increased by 26% during the same time period. Age-standardized YLD rates for non-melanoma skin cancer increased at a much higher rate than melanoma between 1990 and 2019. Dermatitis and scabies continue to have an important role in the burden of skin and subcutaneous disease burden in China. The burden of non-melanoma cell cancer has increased most significantly over the past three decades.
A case analysis of intracranial infection of Porphyromonas gingivalis
Authors: yuqiwang
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE A case of intracranial infection caused by Porphyromonas gingivalis was analyzed to provide evidence for clinical treatment.
METHODS In one patient with intracranial infection, the results of multiple blood culture and cerebrospinal fluid culture were negative, and no pathogenic bacteria were found. Porphyromonas gingivalis in cerebrospinal fluid was determined by macrogene detection method, and the empirical selection of vancomycin combined with ceftriaxone anti-infection treatment was converted to metronidazole target treatment.
RESULTS After 4 weeks of treatment, the patients recovered completely, and the laboratory examination indexes were normal. The results of brain CT and cerebrospinal fluid metagene test were negative.
CONCLUSION For intracranial infection caused by rare microorganisms, under the premise of negative results of classical bacterial culture, advanced macrogene sequencing method can be used to determine pathogens, providing rapid and accurate detection results for clinical treatment.
Subject classification codes: include these here if the journal requires them
Investigating the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health hazards of heavy metal ions in Spinacia oleracea grown in agricultural soil treated with biochar and humic acid
Authors: Moradi-Choghamarani Farzad , Ghorbani Farshid
Published: April 2024

This study addressed the bioaccumulation and human health risk among consumption of Spinacia oleracea grown in agricultural soil treated with humic acid and biochars. The biochars came from two local feedstocks of rice husk (RH) and sugar beet pulp (SBP) pyrolyzed at temperatures 300 and 600°C. The effect of soil treatment with biomass/biochar and humic acid in the accumulation of Heavy metals (HMs) in spinach leaves was considered under the controlled laboratory conditions. Optimum conditions for minimum accumulation of HMs were evaluated according to a central composite design (CCD) under the response surface method (RSM) by Design Expert software. Total concentrations of Cu, Cd, and Ni in soil and biomass/biochar were beyond acceptable standards worldwide. The concentrations of Zn, Cd, Pb, and Ni in spinach exceeded the safety threshold limit, and its consumption is not recommended. Results of the desirability test suggested the minimum values of biomass/biochar application rate due to their metal-contaminated nature. The minimum concentration of humic acid also was suggested due to its role in promoting pollutant bioavailability. Results showed that the treatment of metal-contaminated soil with HMs polluted-biochars fails to stabilize pollution. Also, polluted biochars increased the hazard indices for non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic diseases beyond the permissible levels.
Dynamic simulation optimization of hydrogen liquefaction process
Authors: Fu Juntao , Tang Jiahao , Zhu Jianlu , Wang Guocong , Li Yuxing , Han Hui
Published: April 2024

Aiming at the parameter optimization of hydrogen liquefaction process, this paper uses process simulation software Aspen HYSYS to simulate the hydrogen liquefaction process. By establishing the dynamic model of the unit module, this study carried out dynamic simulation optimization based on the steady-state process and process parameters of the hydrogen liquefaction process, and analyzed the dynamic characteristics of the process. Based on the pressure drop characteristic experiment, the pressure drop equation in the heat exchanger is proposed. The heat transfer of hydrogen conversion was simulated and analyzed, and its accuracy was verified by comparing with the literature results. The dynamic simulation of plate-fin heat exchanger was carried out by coupling heat transfer simulation and pressure drop experiment. This study eliminates the influence of the fluctuation of each parameter in the liquefaction process with time, which is of great significance to improve the operation efficiency of the refrigeration cycle and guide the actual production.
Failure assessment of eccentric circular holes under compressive loading
Authors: Ferrian Francesco , Sapora Alberto , Estevez Rafael , Doitrand Aurélien
Published: April 2024

The present work aims to investigate the failure size effect on flattened disks containing an eccentric circular hole under mode I loading conditions. For this purpose, uniaxial compression tests are carried out on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) samples with holes. Depending on the hole radius and eccentricity, the energy release rate is either an increasing or decreasing function of the crack length, thus affecting the stability of crack propagation. Experimental results are interpreted and discussed through the coupled stress and energy criterion of Finite Fracture Mechanics. The approach lies on the assumption of a finite crack advance and it is implemented through the numerical estimation of the stress field and the Incremental Energy Release Rate functions. Finally, stability and crack speed propagation are discussed under the assumption of Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics. Theoretical predictions reveal in agreement with experimental results thus demonstrating that the Coupled Criterion effectively captures the failure condition.
An automated Android exploratory testing based on code evolution coverage
Authors: Oliveira Marlom , Mota Alexandre , Reis Jacinto
Published: April 2024

Testers face challenges to have their test suites up-to-update related to the application source code evolution to be tested. These challenges are greater in a global distributed software development context. The growing daily testing demand also makes difficult the maintenance of such suites. These test suites are also continuously automated to save the time of human testers, but they require maintenance as well. Exploratory testing comes as a trade-off between test case maintenance and human expertise and flexibility. Unfortunately, it is a manual task in general. In this work, we specifically designed a strategy called AETing, which automatically performs screen navigations and Monkey testing aiming to maximize coverage of code changes evolution between two versions of a given Android application. We developed and evaluated our approach in a real testing operation environment related to Motorola Mobility, through an agreement between CIn-UFPE and this company supported by the Informatics Law. The evaluation consisted of testing four different Motorola Android applications. Through the evaluation, we obtained promising results concerning the comparison between AETing and expert exploratory testers’ code coverage. We discuss in detail how AETing works and the results achieved.
Spatial heterogeneity of viral communities across the gastrointestinal tracts of ruminants
Authors: Wang Min
Published: April 2024

The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) microbiome of ruminants significantly influences their nutrition metabolism and health. Current understanding is extensive for bacterial and archaeal communities, but limited for viral communities within the GIT. To address this, we created the Ruminant Gastrointestinal Virome Catalogue (RGVC), which includes 43,981 non-redundant viral Operational Taxonomic Units (vOTUs), with 89.3% newly identified, derived from 370 samples across 10 GIT regions in seven ruminant species. The composition of viral communities is mainly influenced by the GIT regions rather than by the ruminant species. We identified 4,603 putative prokaryotic hosts across 31 bacterial and three archaeal classes for 5,954 viruses, along with significant variations across GIT regions and a strong correlation between hosts and their associated viruses. Lysogeny, constituting 45.6% of survival strategies, was more prevalent than the lytic cycle (4.08%), and the abundances of these viruses varied regionally. The lysogenic viruses encoded 1,805 auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs) that play key roles in carbohydrates, amino acids, and other metabolisms in their hosts. The variation in AMG abundance across regions highlights the distinct viral communities and the varied virus-host interactions within the GIT. Overall, this study offers a comprehensive view of the spatial heterogeneity of viral communities in the ruminant GIT and indicates that this diversity is driven by the interaction of lysogenic viruses with their prokaryotic hosts through AMGs. These findings set the stage for future research into the ecological and nutritional impacts of the ruminant virome, with the potential to uncover novel roles and mechanisms in various GIT regions.
Prediction of optical properties of uniaxial hyperbolic nanospheres via artificial neural network
Authors: Edward Arumona , Johnson Austin
Published: April 2024

In this study, absorption and scattering multilayer perceptron models are developed and validated for the prediction of the optical spectra of uniaxial hyperbolic nanospheres. The finite difference time domain method is used to generate the dataset of the absorption and scattering optical spectra. The models' optimal performance is achieved for 5 hidden layers and 80 neurons for the absorption and the same hidden layers with 120 neurons for the scattering. The predictions by the model on the test dataset give a low aggregate mean squared error of 0.000145 for the absorption and 0.00071 for the scattering. We also performed a robustness test by using parameters outside the initial parameters used for the training and the predictions are in good agreement with the actual datasets for both absorption and scattering. This research shows the application of artificial neural network to predict the optical properties of hyperbolic materials and lay a groundwork for developing more complicated neural network models in predicting complex phenomena in hyperbolic metamaterials which are faster and computationally less expensive than using conventional simulation methods.
Mast Cells density in relation to recurrency, lymphovascular Invasion and MCPyV status in Human Merkel Cell Carcinoma: a descriptive study with prognostic implications
Authors: Cazzato Gerardo , Tamma Roberto , Fanelli Margherita , Colagrande Anna , Marzullo Andrea , Cascardi Eliano , Trilli Irma , Lorusso Loredana , Lettini Teresa , Ingravallo Giuseppe , Ribatti Domenico
Published: April 2024

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, highly aggressive, primitive neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin, the origin of which is not yet fully understood. Numerous independent prognostic factors have been investigated in an attempt to understand which are the most important parameters to indicate in the histological diagnostic report of MCC. Of these, mast cells have only been studied in one paper before this one. We present a retrospective descriptive study of 13 cases of MCC, received at the Department of Pathology over a 20-year period (2003–2023 inclusive) on which we performed a study using whole-slide (WSI) morphometric analysis scanning platform Aperio Scanscope CS for the detection and spatial distribution of mast cells, using monoclonal anti-Tryptase antibody and anti-CD34 monoclonal antibody to study the density of microvessels. Furthermore, we performed immunohistochemical reactions for MCPyV to split the study cohort of MCC in related and not-related to MCPyV. We found a statistically significant relationship between mast cell density in samples from patients who had experienced local recurrence/distant metastasis or death from MCC and patients who at follow-up (24 months) had shown no recurrence of disease (7.35 vs 2.5; p = 0.008). Regarding MCPyV status, we described for the first time (to the best of our knowledge) that MCPyV-negative MCC have more density of mast cells respect to MCPyV-positive MCC that are known to behave in less aggressive fashion. Conversely, no significant difference was observed between the median vascular density observed on excisional biopsy of patients experiencing recurrence or metastasis and the median observed on excisional biopsy of patients without recurrence (5.3 vs 1.7; p = 0.18). This paper, despite the sample size (n = 13), supports the inclusion of a semi-quantitative analysis of mast cell distribution and density in the histopathological report of MCC.
Reporting the Anti-neuroinflammatory Potential of Selected Spondias mombin Flavonoids through Network Pharmacology and Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Olanrewaju John A. , Arietarhire Leviticus O. , Soremekun Oladimeji E. , Olugbogi Ezekiel A. , Aribisala Precious O. , Alege Pelumi E. , Adeleke Stephen O. , Afolabi Toluwanimi O. , Sodipo Abayomi O.
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Neuroinflammation plays a pivotal role in the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases, with a complex interplay between immune responses and brain activity. Understanding this interaction is crucial for identifying therapeutic targets and developing effective treatments.
Aim: This study aimed to explore the neuroprotective properties of flavonoid compounds from Spondias mombin against neuroinflammation using a comprehensive in-silico approach, including network pharmacology, molecular docking, and dynamic simulations.
Materials & Methods: Active flavonoid ingredients from S. mombin were identified, and their potential protein targets were predicted through Network Pharmacology. Molecular docking was conducted to determine the binding affinities of these compounds to cyclooxygenase-2 and FYN kinase, prioritizing docking scores ≥ -8.0 kcal/mol. Molecular dynamic simulations (MDS) assessed the stability and interaction profiles of these ligand-protein complexes.
Results: The docking studies highlighted cyclooxygenase-2 and FYN kinase as significant targets, with catechin and epicatechin displaying specificity towards FYN. However, these compounds failed the blood-brain barrier permeability test. MDS confirmed the stability of catechin and a reference ligand at the FYN active site, with notable interactions involving hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic contacts, and water bridges. GLU54 emerged as a key residue in the catechin-FYN complex due to its prolonged hydrogen bond interaction stability.
Conclusion: The findings underscore the potential of S. mombin flavonoids as therapeutic agents against neuroinflammation, though optimization and nanotechnology-based delivery methods are suggested to enhance drug efficacy and overcome blood-brain barrier limitations.
Groundwater Quality for drinking purposes at Khairpur Juso, Taluka Larkana Pakistan
Authors: Aghani Faraz Ali
Published: April 2024

The significance of potable water for sustaining life is unequivocal. However, the global scenario depicts a concerning decline in the quality of drinking water worldwide. Consequently, this study was undertaken to assess the suitability of Khairpur Juso water in Larkana for potable purposes. A total of eighteen (18) samples were collected from diverse locations and subjected to laboratory analysis at the Technical College in Larkana. The investigation encompassed the evaluation of various water quality parameters including calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), total hardness (TH), total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), nitrite (NO2), nitrate (NO3), pH, color, and odor for each sample. Standard methodologies were adhered to for the assessment of water quality. The findings revealed that the concentration of several physicochemical parameters in the groundwater of Khairpur Juso exceeded permissible limits. Notably, only the pH levels were within acceptable ranges. Specifically, 55% of the samples exhibited chloride concentrations surpassing the limits set by the World Health Organization (WHO). Additionally, levels of total hardness (TH), total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sulfate (SO4), nitrite (NO2), nitrate (NO3), and zinc (Zn) exceeded the recommended thresholds in 67%, 92%, 92%, 92%, 29%, 37%, and 18% of groundwater samples, respectively. Furthermore, the taste was reported as bitter in more than 67% of the water samples.
In summation, the findings suggest that the water in Khairpur Juso is contaminated and not suitable for consumption.
Modeling Urban Growth Based on Transport and Accessibility Changes in Kurunegala
Authors: Hasan Farasath
Published: April 2024

This research uses spatial modeling techniques to assess how urbanization is affected by transportation and accessibility in Kurunegala. It has been built on an approach to simulate urban growth patterns by examining a wide range of variables, such as land use, excluded areas from development, slope, and road network. The findings indicate that improvements in transportation and ease of access have a major bearing on urban development, especially in regions with higher population density and economic activity. The level of urbanization considering road influence is 6.78%, and when it is not considered it is 13.13%. The study used a CA model for comparing and contrasting the simulated results with the Agent-based (Net Logo) modeling outputs. The results generated from the CA-Python simulation, the level of urbanization was obtained as 11.12% and the results are quite similar when it is not considering the road-influenced growth. Accordingly, when road influence growth is considered, less urban dissemination can be observed and the results can be emphasized using the CA model. The model validation of the derived results was done using the urbanization level and the comparison of the level of urban area expansion. The validation of the CA-Python results was done using the same model itself.
Enhancing Unsupervised Signature Verification through Advanced Feature Extraction Techniques
Authors: Tetteh Michael Laryea , Sarfo Opoku Yaw , Dodoo Albert Ankomah , Amissah Daniel Kwame , Soli Michael Agbo Tettey , Appati Justice Kwame
Published: April 2024

This study delves into unsupervised handwritten signature verification, aiming to develop effective techniques without relying on labeled data. To address the challenge of limited training data, the researchers creatively employ an extensive artificially generated dataset containing signatures from over 3,000 unique individuals. The primary objective is to explore the potential of Extreme Learning Machines (ELMs) in offline signature verification, leveraging innovative unsupervised methodologies. The methodology involves several steps, including the generation of high-quality signature images, extraction of local features using a sliding window technique, and utilization of deep learning principles to train a comprehensive ELM model. The final image prediction is obtained by aggregating predictions made on local features, followed by thorough performance evaluation and assessment of practical applicability. Through meticulous methodology and rigorous evaluation, this study demonstrates a novel approach to unsupervised handwritten signature verification. By showcasing the efficacy of utilizing artificial datasets and ELMs, the research provides valuable insights for advancing signature verification systems, with potential implications for enhancing security measures across various domains.
Linking Pacific Plate Motions to Metamorphism and Magmatism in Japan During Cretaceous to Paleogene Times
Authors: Wu Jonny , Wu Tsung-Jui , Yamaoka Ken
Published: April 2024

Plate reconstructions of oceanic domains are generally based on paleo-magnetic and seafloor spreading records. However, uncertainties associated with such reconstructions grow rapidly with increasing geological age because the original oceanic plates have been subducted. Here we synthesize advances in seismic tomographic mapping of subducted plates now lying within the mantle that assist plate reconstructions. Our proposed Japan–NW Pacific subduction histories incorporate tomography results and show three distinct stages comparable to those revealed by geochronology, petrology, and geochemistry. We propose major revisions to previously accepted ideas about the age, kinematics, and identity of the plates outboard of Japan during the Cretaceous–Paleogene Sanbagawa-Ryoke paired metamorphism. These revisions require updates to relevant plate convergence boundary conditions and thermo-dynamic models.
Thermal Modeling of the Sanbagawa and Ryoke Belts
Authors: Miyazaki Kazuhiro , Wallis Simon R. , Ishii Kazuhiko , Annen Catherine
Published: April 2024

The Sanbagawa and Ryoke belts were formed in a convergent plate boundary along the eastern margin of Eurasia. Thermal modeling using the geological records of these belts as constraints allows quantitative estimates of both shear heating along the Wadati-Benioff zone and magma fluxes beneath the volcanic arc. In contrast to real-time observations of crustal movement and heat flow, rocks record changes in pressures and temperatures that occur over periods of several million years and can be used to examine conditions from the surface to the mantle. Thermal modeling combined with such geological records helps to bridge the gap in our knowledge between real-time observations of ongoing geological processes and the development of orogenies in convergent plate margins over geological time.
Sanbagawa Subduction: What Went in, How Deep, and How Hot did it Get?
Authors: Endo Shunsuke , Kouketsu Yui , Aoya Mutsuki
Published: April 2024

The Sanbagawa belt is a “coherent” oceanic subduction-type metamorphic region representing a rock package predominantly derived from oceanic crust and accreted at depths of 20–80 km (300–700 °C). The thermal structure and lithological layers are complexly deformed but semi-continuous, in contrast to more commonly reported subduction-related domains dominated by mélange. The coeval Shimanto accretionary complex records accretion at depths <15 km and the rocks are primarily terrigenous sediments. The Sanbagawa belt has a greater proportion of mafic rocks than the Shimanto complex, implying progressive peeling-off of oceanic plate stratigraphy with more basaltic oceanic crust slices accreted at deeper levels. Tectonic exhumation can be explained by three separate phases dominated by buoyancy-driven upflow, ductile thinning, and normal faulting.
Ultramafic Rocks from the Sanbagawa Belt: Records of Mantle Wedge Processes
Authors: Okamoto Atsushi , Nagaya Takayoshi , Endo Shunsuke , Mizukami Tomoyuki
Published: April 2024

Mantle wedge domains beneath the forearc Moho are unique regions of Earth’s interior where mantle encounters subducting oceanic plates. Crystal-plastic deformation and fluid-induced reactions in the supra-subduction mantle control global material circulation, arc volcanism, and seismicity within subduction zones. The Sanbagawa metamorphic belt contains numerous ultramafic blocks in its higher-grade zones, some of which likely originated as lower crustal arc cumulates that were subsequently incorporated into the mantle wedge and transported to the slab–mantle interface by mantle flow. Properties of these ultramafic rocks provide a valuable opportunity to understand the dynamic processes of the mantle wedge up to 80 km depth, including mantle flow, hydration/dehydration, and fluid–rock interactions near the slab–mantle interface of a warm subduction zone.
Geochronology of the Sanbagawa Belt: Younger and Faster than Before
Authors: Knittel Ulrich , Tokiwa Tetsuya , Tsutsumi Yukiyasu , Endo Shunsuke , Wallis Simon R.
Published: April 2024

Recent advances in geochronological studies have helped establish the Sanbagawa belt as an important site for studying metamorphism related to subduction. Application of several dating methods yield the following important results. 1) Metamorphism and deformation related to subduction started ~120 Ma and were complete by ~50 Ma. 2) Subduction to eclogite facies, followed by return to the surface, was rapid and occurred within a few million years or less (at ~89 Ma), indicating exhumation rates of at least 1–2 cm·y−1. 3) The age of the slab during the peak eclogite facies metamorphism was ~60 My. These results help redefine the geological history of SW Japan and provide important constraints for mechanical and thermal models of subduction zones in general.
To 75th anniversary of V.N. Lomivorotov
Authors: Article Editorial
Published: April 2024

In Russ.
In memory of V.G. Postnov
Authors: Article Editorial
Published: April 2024

In Russ.
Editorial
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: April 2024

In Russ.
Dincharya and Sodhana for Cancer Prevention
Authors: Hema Tejavani  , Rajeshkumar Sharma
Published: April 2024

As we all are noticing that cancer now a day become a major disease worldwide. Ancient Surgical Science Shalyatantra contains both preventive & curative aspect of Arbuda & Asadhya Vrana. To prevent cancer & its recurrence follow Dincharya, Rutucharya, Rasayan, Sodhana therapies which are mentioned in our classical text. Though vitiated Tridosha are responsible for the development of Arbuda, but mainly Kapha Dosha & Meda Dhatu involved. Rutu Anusar Sodhana (Panchkarma) useful for removing Strotavarodha & Doshas. Snehana and Basti have major importance in Post chemotherapeutic Ojavardhana. Triphala, Guduchi, and Punarnava such drugs have shown very impressive effects on protecting body from the side effects of chemo and radio therapies. Ayurvedic Dincharya includes Dantadhavan, Gandusha, Kavala, Nasya, Dhumpana, Tambulasevana, Vyayam, Udvartana, Anjana, Abhyanga, Contraindication of Vegadharana, Devapoojana, Achara Rasayan etc. helpful for prevention of cancer as well as many diseases. Drugs which are Katu, Tikta, Kashaya Rasa & Ushna Virya can be used for reduce pathogenesis due to Kapha & Meda. Drugs like Amalaki, Guduchi, Gokshura use as Rasayana Chikitsa can help to boost attempts to remove immune suppression in tumors. This all can be use in prevention & management of cancer. The review shows that as mentioned in Ayurveda dietary and lifestyle are played an important role in the prevention and minimize the risk of cancer and boost our ability to fight cancer.
A conceptual review on the efficacy of Agnitundi Vati in the management of Gridhrasi w.s.r. to Sciatica
Authors: Diksha P. Nandurkar  , Kalpana R. Chavhan
Published: April 2024

Background: Gridhrasi is Shoolapradhan Nanatmaj Vata Vyadhi mainly caused due to vitiation of Vata Dosha. The cardinal signs and symptoms of Gridhrasi are Ruk, Toda, Muhuspandan, Stambha. Gridhrasi can be correlated with sciatica due to resemblance of symptoms. The prevalence of sciatica varies considerably ranging from 1.6% in the general population to 43% in selected working population. Sciatica is characterised by constant aching pain in the lumbar region radiating to the buttock, calf and foot caused by irritation to the sciatic nerve. Being a nervine disorder, it can be treated by a drug having Vatashamak & Shoolaghna properties. Agnitundi Vati is a unique formulation having Shoolaghna & Vatahara properties. Kuchala is the major content of Agnitundi Vati which is more effective in nervine disorder. Kuchala being a potent spinal poison contains two major alkaloids named strychnine and brucine and it is subjected to be used after proper Shodhan process of Kuchala. Present study aimed to compile all the available literature regarding the pharmacological action of Agnitundi Vati. Aim & Objectives: To study the literary review of Agnitundi Vati & it’s mode of action in Gridhrasi. Materials & Methods: Various Samhita Granthas, textbooks and articles related to Agnitundi Vati & sciatica were studied. Result & Discussion: Agnitundi Vati is the formulation having Vatashamak & Shoolahar properties due to its Ushna Virya. Hence it proved to be a potent formulation for management of pain in Gridhrasi.
Role of Dinacharya in Eye Care - A Preventive Approach
Authors: Neethu Kesavan  , Thrijil Krishnan EM  , Saniya CK  , G.V Ramana
Published: April 2024

Ayurveda, the traditional system of medicine indeed emphasizes a holistic approach to health that includes both prevention and cure. In ophthalmology, the preventive measures play a crucial role in maintaining eye health and reducing the risk of developing various eye diseases that can lead to vision impairment. The ability to see clearly and perceive the world around us is crucial for various activities, from navigating our environment to appreciating the beauty of the world. The term Swasthavritta refers to a lifestyle or regimen followed to maintain health and prevent the occurrence of diseases. It encompasses a set of practices and principles that are aimed at promoting overall well-being and preventing imbalances in the body and mind. All the Acharyas have mentioned the mandatory practice of Dinacharya for health maintenance. Hence here an attempt has been made to compile the procedures to improve the health of the eye through which the various diseases of eye can be prevented. The daily regimens like Anjana, Nasya, Dhumapana, Kavala, Gandusha, Abyanga, Padatra dharana, Snana etc are included for maintaining eye health. The eyes should be always protected from the external factors like dust, heat, radiations, excessive screen time, over straining the eyes like in dim light reading , gadget use in dim light etc. Most of the Netraroga in the current scenario can be prevented by healthy Dinacharya and by avoiding negligence.
Systematic review on published studies on Matrabasti as an Ayurvedic intervention in Udavartini Yonivyapad (Primary Dysmenorrhea)
Authors: Srushti Susarla  , Anupama V
Published: April 2024

Objectives: Udavartini Yonivyapad (Primary Dysmenorrhea) a prevalent condition characterized by severe menstrual pain, has been addressed through various treatment modalities. This review aims to provide an updated perspective on the use of Matrabasti as an Ayurvedic intervention for Primary Dysmenorrhea. Methods: This study systematically reviewed thirteen published research studies on Matrabasti as an intervention for Udavartini Yonivyapad (Primary Dysmenorrhea), following PRISMA[3] guidelines. Searches were conducted on databases including Pubmed, Google Scholar, Cochrane library, DHARA, AYUSH Portal & Scopus, encompassing literature published in English language. A detailed analysis and exploration was made of the strengths, limitations, implications, and future research directions of the summarized studies. Results: These studies include 3 RCTs, 3 single group studies, and 7 single case studies with sample sizes varying from 50 to 10 participants. Treatment duration ranges from 7 to 9 days, starting mid-cycle or post-menstruation cessation, spanning 2 to 5 consecutive cycles. Some studies involve oral medication in conjunction with Matrabasti or alternative-day Ksheerabasti and Anuvasana/Sneha Basti. Assessment methods predominantly employ the visual analogue scale and multidimensional scoring. The review covered diverse formulations including Dashamoola Taila, Tila Taila, Phala Taila, Hingwadi Taila, Trivrutta Taila, Shatapushpa Taila, Sahacharadi Taila, Dhanwantaram Taila, Dashamoola Ksheerapaka and Mahanarayana Taila.  Conclusion: Ayurvedic interventions, particularly Matrabasti formulations, present a diverse and promising avenue for managing Udavartini Yonivyapad (Primary Dysmenorrhea). The formulations, derived from classical Ayurvedic texts, showcase efficacy in balancing Vata Dosha, reducing pain severity and all associated symptoms, and improving overall well-being.
A literary review on Nabhi as Jyotisthana
Authors: Priya  , Krishnamurthy  , Kochutresia Jose
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Nabhi (umbilicus) is considerd as one among Matrujadi Bhava (maternal factor). It is Kosthanga (organ located within the Kostha). It is the place where Prana (life) resides, is situated below the Amashaya (stomach) and above the Pakwashaya (intestine). It is also termed as Pachakashaya. And it is one among Sadhyopranahara Marma, and Dashapranayatana. Nabhi is also considered as Sthana of Pitta. Need for the study: Literary review to know that the concept of Agni (digestive fire) w.s.r. to Nabhi with the help of contemporary science. Observation: By considering the references given in the classic i.e., Nabhi as Jyoti Sthana. And by anatomical landmark and physiologically it can be able to correlate that the diseases which involves indigestion, malnutrition, metabolism. Conclusion: Discussion on literary review is carried out to conclude the concept of Nabhi as Jyoti Sthana.
A comprehensive drug review of Mushikavishari Agada on Mushika Visha as Vishagna
Authors: Poojitha Rangoli R.  , Shrinidhi R.  , Ranjana K.  , Chaithra S. Hebbar
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Mushika Visha is categorized under Jangama Visha, which is also known as Akhu Visha. Teeth bites, scratches caused by sharp nails, urine and semen all have toxic effects on the body and can cause symptoms. There are two types of symptoms, Curable and Incurable. There are many ways to treat Mushika Visha, with numerous combinations and single drugs. Materials and Method: A literary review to know the action of Mushikavishari Agada in Mushika Visha from contemporary texts. Observation:  Considering twenty six drugs with its Rasa, Guna, Veerya, Vipaka, Karma and Doshagnata literature proves that individual drugs mentioned in this Mushikavishari Agada[4] formulation can be used in condition such as Pandu (Anaemia), Jwara (Fever), Daha (Burning sensation), Aruchi (Anorexia) and acts as Vishagna (Anti-poisonous). Result: By literary review it can be inferred that formulation Mushikavishari Agada consisting twenty-six drugs can counter the spread the toxin thus negating symptoms of Mushika Visha mentioned by Acharya Caraka. Conclusion: A literary review conclude that the formulation Mushikavishari Agada mentioned in Sushrutha Samhitha Kalpa Sthana can subside Mushika Visha and acts as Vishagna.
Prevention of Maternal Complication with Ayurveda Regime
Authors: Sonu Raghuwanshi  , Sucheta Ray  , Varsha Jadhav  , Ekta Singh Parihar  , Priyanka Hajare
Published: April 2024

Maternal health revolves around the health and wellness of pregnant women at the time they give birth and during child rising. Ayurveda considers food to be the best source of nourishment as well as medication for the pregnant woman. The nine monthly diets are singularly unique to Ayurveda. The food taken by a pregnant woman (Aahar Ras) nourishes and helps the growth of the foetus (Garbha Vriddhi), nourishes the mother's own body (Swa-Sharir Pushti) and nourishes the breasts by which the breast milk formed (Stanyaya). Postpartum period is an important phase of transition in women’s life following childbirth. This period is also known as puerperium, starts following the expulsion of the placenta. Mortality and morbidity of mother are most challenging problems of our country. In our day-to-day life we see many mothers complaining of increase in their physical problems like back-ache, anaemia and many other infections after puerperium. Lady after delivery of placenta is called as Sutika (puerperal woman), Sutikakala (duration of puerperium) is the period following childbirth during which all body tissues revert back approximately to a pre-pregnant state. For better health attainment after delivery every postnatal woman should be encouraged to follow Sutika Paricharya as per Ayurveda classics.
A clinical study of Sidharthakadi Lepa in management of Yuvanpidika (Acne Vulgaris)
Authors: Maneesh Kumar  , Pramod Kumar Mishra  , Brahmanand Sharma
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Acne is a distressing condition that affects the majority of adolescents and harms beauty of the face so person may suffer with inferiority complex, anxiety, isolation etc. Due to wide spectrum of disease, much prevalence in the society and lack of effective medicine, this is the main cause of the global shift toward Ayurveda and Herbal skin care. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Sidharthakadi Lepa in management of Yuvanpidika. Methodology: Single arm open randomized clinical study was conducted on 40 clinically diagnosed patients with Acne Vulgaris for Sidharthakadi Lepa in the Postgraduate Institute of Ayurveda, DSRRAU, Jodhpur. Study evaluates their role in management of Pidika (Prescence of Acne), Kandu (Itching), Vedana (Pain), Daha (Burning sensation) and Srava (Discharge) Results: Result of the study depicts that Lepa has significantly helps in reducing the Acne vulgaris. Conclusion: Out of 40 patients selected for the study, a greater number of young adults & 11 patients were male and 29 were female. It showed the high rate of occurrence and consciousness of this condition in females. Sidharthakadi Lepa is more effective in Vata and Kapha Prakrithi individuals.
Validation of classical pharmacology of Sida cordifolia Linn. (Bala) through reverse pharmacology
Authors: Maurya Bhavna  , Mishra H.S.  , Agarwal Ajay Kumar
Published: April 2024

Bala (Sida cordifolia Linn.) belonging to the Malvaceae family is one of the most frequently used herbs in Ayurveda therapeutics. It has been included in Agraya Prakarana (best among their class drugs) which signifies its role in various diseases. In Charaka Samhita, Bala has also been categorized under Balya, Brimhaniya and Prajasthapana Mahakashaya. It is used in several diseases like Vatavyadhi, Vatarakta and acts as a Rasayana. Ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, sterculic acid, malvalic acid are its main bioactive chemical constituents. It has been demonstrated to possess various pharmacological activities like CNS depressant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, hypotensive, antidiabetic activities and the plant is reported to be used in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease also. In classical texts, five varieties of Bala have been mentioned and all are said to possess similar properties and actions. All the varieties are abundantly available across the country. Thus, Bala becomes one of the most potent medicinal plants of present era. Present paper is an attempt towards exploration of therapeutic potential of the drug through reverse pharmacology.
A comprehensive review on Lepidagathias crisata Wild.
Authors: Aditya V. Ubhale  , Pankaj H. Chaudhary  , Dipti B. Ruikar
Published: April 2024

The herb Lepidagathis cristata Willd. (Acanthaceae) is abundant in desert wastelands. The leaves, roots, flowers, seeds, and entire plant are all medicinally beneficial. The plant possesses a large number of phytochemicals that contributes to its different pharmacological activities. Fever, eczema, psoriasis, epilepsy, skin abscess, burns, mouth ulcer, snake bites, wounds, skin itching, and other skin problems are treated with this plant. As a result, the current study aims to shed light on the ethnomedicinal applications, phytoconstituents, pharmacological activity, and pharmaceutical preparations of the medicinal herb Lepidagathis cristata Willd, which belongs to the Acanthaceae family.
Review on Chandrakala Rasa - A Kharaliya Rasayana
Authors: Fattepur  , Kamatar S  , Hussain G
Published: April 2024

Rasashastra is a branch of Ayurveda, which deals with formulations prepared with varied origin of drugs like metals, minerals, marine drugs, silicate drugs, etc. The formulations are grouped into four categories namely Kharaliya Yogas, Parpati Yogas, Kupipakwa Yogas and Pottali Yogas. Chandrakala Rasa comes under Kharaliya Rasa category of Rasaushadhis. Chandrakala Rasa is one of the Ayurvedic formulations mentioned under Mutrakricchra (Dysuria), Raktapitta (Bleeding disorders), Daha (Burning sensations), Jwara (Fever), as per different classical textbooks. It is a herbo- mineral formulation indicated in Pitta Vikara (disease caused by vitiation of Pitta dosha) such as Raktapitta (Bleeding disorders), Raktapradara (Menorrhagia), Jwara (Fever), Prameha (Diabetes), Mutrakriccha (Dysuria), etc. Various references of it are mentioned in different classical text books.
A comparative analysis of Parimana (measurements) mentioned in Hastyayurveda with Charak Samhita and Sharangdhar Samhita
Authors: Sase Ankita Vishnu  , Mishra H.S.  , Sharma Uma Shankar  , Pandey Yogeshwar Kumar
Published: April 2024

The Hastyayurveda, authored by sage Palkapya is one of the most important ancient text available having description of wellbeing, diseases and their management in elephants. The text has been composed in the form of conversation between king of Anga Desha, Romapada and sage Palkapya. The text Hastyayurveda is the unexplored part of Ayurvedic literature. There is a need to explore the text and understand the fundamental principles, theories and traditional healing system by comparing it with the well-established available Ayurvedic literature. This endeavour will not only enrich our understanding but also serve as a crucial step in preserving ancient wisdom. It is an established and well accepted fact that Parimana (Measurements) have crucial importance in therapeutics, in both human beings as well as in animals. Like Charak Samhita and Sharangdhar Samhita, Hastyayurveda also contains description of Parimana. As we know, Charak Samhita is most widely accepted Samhita text in Ayurveda and Sharangdhar Samhita is considered as the basic text dealing with Bhaishajya Kalpana. Present paper is an effort towards a comparative analysis of different types of Parimana described in Hastyayurveda with those described in Charak Samhita and Sharangdhar Samhita.
Conceptual study on efficacy of Lajjalu Moola Taila in Sadhyovrana
Authors: Sneha K J  , Srinivas Masalekar  , Chandrakala D
Published: April 2024

A surgeons' initial challenge is management of Vrana (wound). Vrana is the one which does the Gatravichurnana (disruption of tissues) and produces Vivarnata (discolouration) of the defected body part. Sadhyovranas are those which are caused by trauma and exogenous factors. Sadhyovrana encompasses various types of fresh wounds, including traumatic wounds, burn wounds, animal bites, and post-operative wounds. The aim of wound care is to promote wound healing in the shortest time possible, with minimal pain and scarring. While promotion of wound healing still remains a topic of discussion in modern science, the ancient system of Ayurveda has described concept of Vrana Ropana and is elaborated in the treatise Sushruta Samhita under Shashti Upakrama.[1] There is a need to explore this unique concept of Vrana Ropana under which many formulations have been mentioned in various classics which aids in early healing of the wounds. In the context of Sadhyovrana, Acharya Shodala, as cited in the Gadanigraha, refers the use of Lajjalumoolataila especially in shastraghata Vrana.[2] He particularly emphasises on its Ropanakarma function, which accelerates wound healing by preventing Paka thus, ensuring a quick recovery. Hence, an effort has been undertaken to explore the effectiveness of Lajjalumoola Taila in promoting wound healing, with a particular focus on its application in Sadhyovrana.
A critical review on Snana: An Ayurvedic way of bathing
Authors: Kamakshi  , Sharma Ravi
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Snana is a technique that emphasizes the connection between the body, mind, and spirit. It has its roots in Ayurvedic medicine. According to Ayurveda, the choice of water, temperature, and the manner in which one bathes can have profound effects on the Doshas that direct an individual's composition. Aim: This study aims to present a comprehensive and critical review of "Snana," the Ayurvedic practice of bathing, along with its therapeutic, ritualistic, and holistic aspects. Methodology: A comprehensive review of the literature on the topic of Snana (bathing) was done in major Ayurvedic textbooks and their available commentaries. Conclusion: Snana is important for preserving health and preventing lifestyle diseases. Therefore, to take full advantage of its benefits and preserve health, it needs to be performed as a daily regimen following its proper rules as mentioned in Ayurvedic textbooks.
Role of Pradhmana (Churna) Nasya and Shirolepa in Ardhavabhedaka w.s.r to Migraine - A Clinical Pilot Study
Authors: Nupur Namdeo  , Babita Dash
Published: April 2024

Ardhavabhedak is one of the Shiroroga which can be correlated with migraine in modern health care system. It is a type of Headache characterized by moderate to severe throbbing pain, generally associated with nausea, photophobia and phonophobia. Its cardinal feature is 'half sided headache' which is also explained by commentator Chakrapani as Ardha Mastaka Vedana. According to International headache society, Migraine constitutes 16% of the primary headache and affects about 10-20% of the general population. As per Acharya Sushruta Ardhavabhedaka occur due to vitiation of Tridosha. While Acharya Charaka had mentioned that vitiated Vata/Vata - Kapha are involved in manifestation of the disease, while Acharya Vagbhatta believed it occurs due to vitiated Vata. Till now there is no effective management present in modern science as they provides the symptomatic treatment. But Ayurveda acts on roots of the disease, it does Samprapti Vighatan and cures the disease. Nasya Karma (Errhine Therapy) is considered as the best therapeutic intervention in Shirogata Roga by Acharya Charaka. In present pilot study, an attempt is made to treat the patient of Ardhavabhedaka with Pradhmana Nasya along with Shirolepa.