bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness and safety of insulin glargine versus detemir analysis in patients with type 1 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Silva Thales B. C. , Almeida Paulo H. R. F. , Araújo Vania E. , Acurcio Francisco de Assis , Guerra Júnior Augusto A. , Godman Brian , Alvares Juliana
Published: June 2018

Background:

Diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM1) is an autoimmune disease characterized by metabolic destruction of pancreatic cells responsible for insulin production, with treatment based on replacing insulin. Long-acting insulin analogs are indicated for patients with DM1 who exhibit important oscillations of their daily glycemia, despite its higher cost. Our study objective was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of two long-acting insulins, insulin glargine and detemir, in treating patients with DM1.

Methods:

We undertook a systematic review with meta-analysis of observational studies (cohort and registry) available in the databases and the gray literature, and a complementary search in the Diabetes Care journal. Outcomes assessed were: glycated hemoglobin concentration; fasting plasma or capillary glucose; occurrence of episodes of severe hypoglycemia and occurrence of nocturnal hypoglycemia. The assessment of methodological quality was performed using the Newcastle score. The meta-analyses were performed on software Review Manager® 5.2.

Results:

Out of 705 publications, 8 cohort studies were included. The quality of these studies was classified as high. In the meta-analysis, results regarding episodes of severe hypoglycemia ( p = 0.02) and fasting glucose ( p = 0.01) were in favor of detemir. The glycated hemoglobin ( p = 0.49; I2 = 89) showed high heterogeneity and no statistically significant difference between the two. The meta-analysis of total insulin dose favored glargine ( p = 0.006; I2 = 75). The rates of nocturnal hypoglycemia (NH) were evaluated only for one study and showed a significant reduction of NH after therapy with detemir, ( p < 0.0001).

Conclusion:

Although some outcomes were favorable to detemir insulin analog, it has not been possible to identify important differences of effectiveness and safety between the two analogs. These results can help in the current debate on the inclusion of long-acting analogs on the list of reimbursed medicines in Brazil, especially with the recent introduction of an insulin glargine biosimilar at a considerably lower price.
Shift work and risk of cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality: A dose–response meta-analysis of cohort studies
Authors: Wang Dongming , Ruan Wenyu , Chen Zhenlong , Peng Ying , Li Wenzhen
Published: June 2018

Background

Previous studies have suggested that shift work is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease. However, the quantitative dose–response relationship between duration of shift work and cardiovascular disease risk is still unknown. We aimed to evaluate the dose–response association between duration of shift work and risk of cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality.

Design

A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods

PubMed and Embase were searched from inception to 1 December 2017. Prospective cohort studies that reported the associations between duration of shift work and cardiovascular disease risk with at least three categories were included. Data were pooled by using fixed or random effect models. The continuous dose–response associations were assessed by using fixed effect restricted cubic splines with four knots.

Results

Five prospective cohort studies with 10 reports were included. No evidence of a curvilinear association was observed between duration of shift work and risk of cardiovascular disease, similar findings were observed in cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality. The summary relative risk (RR) of an increase of 5 years of shift work was 1.05 (1.04–1.07) with moderate heterogeneity ( P = 0.142, I2 = 33.2%) for cardiovascular disease, 1.06 (1.04–1.08) with low heterogeneity ( P = 0.279, I2 = 21.7%) for cardiovascular disease morbidity, and 1.04 (1.02–1.06) with moderate heterogeneity ( P = 0.135, I2 = 38.5%) for cardiovascular disease mortality, respectively.

Conclusions

Shift work could probably increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular disease mortality in a dose–response way. These findings could have implications for guideline recommendations regarding the risk related to shift schedules.
Choral Configuration: An Overview of Research and Implications for the Choral Music Educator
Authors: Adams Kari
Published: June 2018

Choral configuration, an umbrella term that refers to acoustical placement, formation, or spacing among singers, may cause noticeable transformations to the sound of a choir and the vocal production of ensemble members. Researchers have sought to discover how and to what extent these variables affect the choral sound. The purpose of this article is to examine published research in the area of choral configuration. This article concludes with implications for how choral music educators might apply research to create an optimal configuration for their ensembles.
Multiparameter deblurring filter and its application to elastic migration and inversion
Authors: Feng Zongcai , Guo Bowen , Schuster Gerard T.
Published: June 2018

Different types of model parameters, such as the P- and S-wave velocities, can be coupled to one another in multiparameter seismic inversion. This coupling effect is not taken into account by the conventional approximation to the Hessian inverse for a single type of parameter, and so it can lead to a slow rate of convergence by an iterative inversion method. To solve this problem, we have developed a multiparameter deblurring filter that approximates the Hessian inverse. This filter takes into account the coupling between different parameters by using stationary local filters to approximate the submatrices of the Hessian inverse for the different types of parameters. The filters are calculated by matching the reference multiparameter migration images to their reference reflectivity models. Numerical tests with elastic migration and inversion indicate that the multiparameter deblurring filter not only reduces the footprint noise, balances the amplitude, and increases the resolution of the elastic migration images, but it also mitigates the crosstalk artifacts caused by the coupling effect. When used as a preconditioner, it also accelerates the convergence rate for elastic inversion.
Incidence of Venous Air Embolism During Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography
Authors: Afreen Lubana K. , Bryant Ayesha S. , Nakayama Tetsuzo , Ness Timothy J. , Jones Keith A. , Morgan Charity J. , Wilcox Charles M. , Phillips Mark C.
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND:

Known complications of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) include pancreatitis, bleeding, duodenal perforation, and venous air embolism (VAE). The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of VAE during ERCP and be able to differentiate high-risk versus low-risk ERCP procedures.

METHODS:

This is a prospective cohort study consisting of patients who underwent ERCP and were monitored with a precordial Doppler ultrasound (PDU) for VAE. PDU monitoring was digitally recorded and analyzed to confirm the suspected VAE. Demographic and clinical data related to the anesthetic care, endoscopic procedure, and intraoperative hemodynamics were analyzed.

RESULTS:

A total of 843 ERCP procedures were performed over a 15-month period. The incidence of VAE was 2.4% (20 patients). All VAE’s occurred during procedures in which stent placement, sphincterotomy, biopsy, duct dilation, gallstone retrieval, cholangioscopy, or necrosectomy occurred. Ten of 20 (50%) of VAEs were associated with hemodynamic alterations. None occurred if the procedure was only diagnostic or for stent removal. Subanalysis for the type of procedure showed that VAE was statistically more frequent when stents were removed and then replaced or if a cholangioscopy was performed.

CONCLUSIONS:

The high incidence of VAE highlights the need for practitioners to be aware of this potentially serious event. Use of PDU can aid in the detection of VAE during ERCP and should be considered especially during high-risk therapeutic procedures. Detection may allow appropriate interventions before serious adverse events such as cardiovascular collapse occur.
Driving Under the Influence of Cannabis: A Framework for Future Policy
Authors: Chow Robert M. , Marascalchi Bryan , Abrams Winfred B. , Peiris Nathalie A. , Odonkor Charles A. , Cohen Steven P.
Published: June 2018

Marijuana is the most widely consumed illicit substance in the United States, and an increasing number of states have legalized it for both medicinal and recreational purposes. As it becomes more readily available, there will be a concurrent rise in the number of users and, consequently, the number of motor vehicle operators driving under the influence. This article examines the cognitive and psychomotor effects of cannabis, as well as current policy concerning driving under the influence of drugs. The authors performed a MEDLINE search on the epidemiology of cannabis use, its cognitive and psychomotor effects, and policies regarding driving under the influence of drugs. Twenty-eight epidemiological studies, 16 acute cognitive and psychomotor studies, 8 chronic cognitive and psychomotor studies, and pertinent state and federal laws and policies were reviewed. These search results revealed that marijuana use is associated with significant cognitive and psychomotor effects. In addition, the legalization of marijuana varies from state to state, as do the laws pertaining to driving under the influence of drugs. Marijuana is a commonly found illicit substance in motor vehicle operators driving under the influence of drugs. Current evidence shows that blood levels of tetrahydrocannabinol do not correlate well with the level of impairment. In addition, although acute infrequent use of cannabis typically leads to cognitive and psychomotor impairment, this is not consistently the case for chronic heavy use. To establish the framework for driving under the influence of cannabis policy, we must review the current published evidence and examine existing policy at state and federal levels.
Bibliometrics of the 100 most-cited articles on refugee populations
Authors: Khosa Musatafa , Waqas Ahmed , Javaid Mahnoor , Singh Jessica , Naveed Sadiq , Majeed Salman , Khosa Faisal
Published: June 2018

Background: Bibliometrics is a form of quantitative analysis that employs peer-reviewed research, journal articles and citation counts to examine the content of current literature on a particular topic. The authors aim to identify the major academic disciplines that dominate the landscape of published materials and research endeavors on the topic of refugees. 

Methods: Using the Web of Science, a database of most-cited articles was created by a team with expertise in bibliometrics.

Results: Citations ranged between 1,493 and 105; averaging 203 citations per article. The publications spanned the years from 1973 to 2010. The year 2004 had the highest number of publications. All articles were published by 45 journals. In total, 294 investigators authored these articles. Psychiatry, psychology and public health constituted the top three fields of affiliation, with the most investigated feature being the mental health of refugees. Single investigators authored a quarter of all articles.

Conclusion: This bibliometric evaluation allowed a multi-dimensional outlook on the conditions of refugee populations across the globe, through collation of relevant peer-reviewed research journal articles. This specialized form of assessment has resulted in a multi-disciplinary compendium of publications on the subject.
The nociception level index (NOL) response to intubation and incision in patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) with and without thoracic epidural analgesia. A pilot study.
Authors: Bollag Laurent A. , Jelacic Srdjan , Delgado Upegui Carlos , Wu Cynthia , Richebe Philippe
Published: June 2018

Background: The PMD100™ (Medasense Biometrics Ltd., Ramat Yishai, Israel) is a novel non-invasive nociception monitor that integrates physiological parameters to compute a real-time nociception level index (NOL) in the anesthetized patients. Thoracic epidural analgesia provides effective analgesia and improves surgical outcomes. Side effects include sympathectomy, hypotension, changes in skin temperature and a decreased cardiac accelerator fiber tone. The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate changes in NOL values after incision in patients with and without epidural analgesia.  

Methods: Half of the patients scheduled for Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS) received a thoracic epidural catheter, placed and tested 2h before surgery and activated prior to incision. The other half of the patients received i.v. fentanyl (1 mcg/kg) five minutes before incision. Anesthesia and analgesia were maintained in a standardized manner. NOL and heart rate (HR) were compared before and after the nociceptive stimuli intubation and skin incision.

Results: NOL significantly increased in all patients after intubation by 10.2 points (CI: 4.5-16.0; p=0.002) as well as HR by 9 beats per minute after intubation in all patients (CI: 3.3-15.6; p=0.01). After incision, in patients without epidural analgesia the NOL increased by 13.9 points (CI: 7.4-20.3; p=0.0001), compared to 5.4 points (CI: -6.3-17.1; p=0.29) in patients with epidural analgesia. HR did not significantly vary after incision in both groups. The area under the curve of delta NOL and delta HR variations after incision were significantly different (p<0.05) between groups and delta NOL variations were significantly different from baseline values but not the delta HR variations.

Conclusions: This pilot study suggests that the PMD100™ Monitor may be a useful tool to evaluate the efficacy of an intraoperative thoracic epidural analgesia.

Clinical Trial Registry Number: ClinicalTrials.gov record ID: NCT01978379 registered 10/25/2014.
Efficient technology for processing weld surfaces in case parts
Authors: Гусев Владимир , Gusev Vladimir
Published: June 2018

A well-known technology of machining weld surfaces in case parts of freight cars is analyzed. Its drawbacks are defined and eliminated by means of the development of techniques based on the use of high-capacity combined cutters. Combined cutters ensure a high-capacity machining of weld surfaces during one travel and zero back angles increase expensive hard-alloy plate life by a factor of two. Cutters are tested in the course of mentioned surface machining which confirmed their high efficiency.
Assessment of engineering process efficiency on trust limits of rejects probability
Authors: Моисеев А. , Moiseev A.
Published: June 2018

A method is developed for the assessment of rejects probability trust limits according to the results of sample tests. The method is based on the interpretation of the probability mentioned as a parameter of the binominal value distribution of rejected objects. The application of Student distribution allows computing a critical value for the limited number of tests. At test number increase in the series the dependence of a critical value upon this number practically disappears and trust limits may be interpreted as objective characteristics of the processing technology used. The upper trust limit under these conditions is an efficiency criterion of the technology under analysis – the lower this limit, the more efficient technology is regarding rejects share. In its turn, the lower limit characterizes rejects percentage which is not connected with technology. A basic field of the application of the method offered is a comparative analysis of results of the random control for working and control groups characterizing technology efficiencyA method is developed for the assessment of rejects probability trust limits according to the results of sample tests. The method is based on the interpretation of the probability mentioned as a parameter of the binominal value distribution of rejected objects. The application of Student distribution allows computing a critical value for the limited number of tests. At test number increase in the series the dependence of a critical value upon this number practically disappears and trust limits may be interpreted as objective characteristics of the processing technology used. The upper trust limit under these conditions is an efficiency criterion of the technology under analysis – the lower this limit, the more efficient technology is regarding rejects share. In its turn, the lower limit characterizes rejects percentage which is not connected with technology. A basic field of the application of the method offered is a comparative analysis of results of the random control for working and control groups characterizing technology efficiency.
Cutting edge treatment peculiarities at cutting polymeric composite blanks
Authors: Зубарев Юрий , Zubarev Yuriy , Приемышев Александр , Priyomyshev Alexsandr , Заостровский Алексей , Zaostrovskiy Aleksey
Published: June 2018

Differences in results of metal and composite machining and also the technological parameters impact upon results of machining are considered. Fracto-graphic peculiarities of chip surfaces obtained after different polymeric composite blanks machining, and front faces of cutting tool edges are shown. The results obtained will help to assess physical model potentialities at polymeric composite blank cutting.
Problems in estimate of parts geometrical accuracy
Authors: Базров Борис , Bazrov Boris
Published: June 2018

The paper reports the analysis of the method for parts geometrical accuracy definition which includes the following stages: part surfaces measurement, a representation of measurement results and their relative position, a definition without errors count and a definition of surface errors. There are shown drawbacks of stages enumerated such as a neglect of measurement base surface errors, an ambiguity of measurement base positions regarding surfaces under control, use of bases of error account and criteria for errors estimate irrespective of surface operation functions.

A multi-gradation of the method for the estimate of a part error resulting in the accumulation of total error is shown.
Labor Activity on Extra-Curricular Lessons in Mathematics: Production of Counting Disks
Authors: Агафонова Светлана , Agafonova Svetlana
Published: June 2018

In the article written on the basis of the personal practical experience of the author – the teacher of the primary classes of the separate structural subdivision of the school № 109 in Moscow on the Basis of Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology – the process of making counting disks in extra-curricular lessons in mathematics in the framework of the project “We Learn – We Know” is described in detail. The positive effect of this type of labor activity is fixed – especially for children who are on long-term inpatient treatment in medical institutions. The issues of interdisciplinary content of extracurricular activities are considered.
Electronic Learning Resource As a Means of Raising Children of Senior Preschool Age
Authors: Бревнова Ю. , Brevnova Yu. , Мкртчян А. , Mkrtchyan A.
Published: June 2018

The article considers the idea of including the electronic learning resource “1C: School. Pre-school education, 6-7 years old” in developing educational process of a kindergarten. The possibilities of its successful application in the course of education and upbringing of children of senior preschool age are revealed. The requirements for electronic educational resources intended for use in preschool institutions are given.
Literary Works of A.S. Makarenko As a Source of Pedagogical Knowledge
Authors: Павлова Н. , Pavlova N.
Published: June 2018

The article is dedicated to the jubilee date - the 130th anniversary of the birth of the outstanding national teacher and writer Anton Semenovich Makarenko. It gives an assessment of the pedagogical and literary activity of A.S. Makarenko, who made a significant contribution to the formation of the Soviet educational and educational system. The analysis of the most significant works of A.S. Makarenko, both in the field of artistic and educational literature, and publicism is given. Particular attention is paid to the confirmation of the pedagogical theory of A.S. Makarenko by effective practice - the results of his work as the head of the labor colony for street children and juvenile offenders named after M. Gorky, described in the “Pedagogical Poem”, and later - in the Labor Commune named after F.E. Dzerzhinsky, reflected in the book “Flags on the towers”.
Networking in management of relationships with the sports and leisure service market
Authors: Widawska-Stanisz Agnieszka
Published: June 2018

The aim of the paper is to present the opportunities provided by the network of contacts and recommendations in business relationship management. The starting point of the present study is relationship marketing which assumes that relationships can be built, sustained and enriched not only with buyers of products and services but also with other entities from the enterprise market environment. The sports and leisure service market is a very specific sector and, at the same time, a huge industry. In the paper, there are presented the assumptions of the marketing of relationships, recommendations and networking activities - the most important from the point of view of building relationships. The text is supplemented with the assumptions of the relationship marketing model of the sports and leisure company taking into account the use of business networks with, among others, the entities such as dietician services, diet catering companies, companies providing sportswear and supplements.
The specificity of the functioning of the volleyball club in the aspect of creating a business model
Authors: Wiśniewski Adam Krystian
Published: June 2018

This study is the basis for theoretical considerations on the functioning of volleyball club business models. The analyzed object is Piłka Siatkowa AZS UWM S.A. in Olsztyn, operating under the Indykpol AZS Olsztyn brand. In the described case, an analysis of the functioning of the volleyball club functioning at the highest league level was made. The article discusses the construction of a volleyball club in accordance with the requirements of the organizer of the competition. The aim of the study was also to identify and analyze the management methods of the sports club in the context of the available budget, its components and organizational structure. The study was conducted using the monographic method, in which the interview was used, supplemented with the analysis of documents and information obtained from the Profesjonalna Liga Piłki Siatkowej S.A. and Piłka Siatkowa AZS UWM S.A. The research also focuses on the comparison of the current situation with the results obtained in 2013 and presented in the study entitled Management of the Sports Club on the example of Indykpol AZS Olsztyn.
Computer based sport talent identification
Authors: Kaczanowski Maciej
Published: June 2018

This paper presents the concept of the computer decision support system for talent identification in sport. In this concept the use of two methods was assumed: pattern recognition based on multicriteria optimization and machine learning supervised classification algorithm: decision forest. The data for sport dyscyplin patterns has obtained from publication (Santos, Dawson, Matias et al. 2014). This data also has been used to generate test data sets to research purposes. The researches were carried out in author’s application and in the cloud environment Microsoft Azure Machine Learning Studio. The results show that both methods can be used with success to talent identification in sport.
Analysis and Improvement of Blood Collection Operations
Authors: Ayer Turgay , Zhang Can , Zeng Chenxi , White Chelsea C. , Joseph V. Roshan
Published: June 2018

Because of the importance, limited supply, and perishable nature of blood products, effective management of blood collection is critical for high-quality healthcare delivery. In this paper, working closely with the American Red Cross (ARC), we study a blood collection problem focusing on whole blood that is to be processed into cryoprecipitate (cryo), a critical blood product for controlling massive hemorrhaging. In particular, we aim to determine when and from which mobile collection sites to collect blood for cryo production, such that the weekly collection target is met while the collection costs are minimized. The cryo collection problem imposes a unique challenge: if blood collected is to be processed into cryo units, it has to be processed within eight hours after collection, while this time limit is 24 hours for most other blood products. To analyze the cryo collection problem, we first develop a mathematical program to represent and compare two different blood collection business models, namely, the status quo nonsplit model and an alternative model we propose, which splits each collection window into two intervals and allows different types of collections in the two intervals. Then, we establish several structural properties of the proposed mathematical program and develop a near-optimal solution algorithm to determine the cryo collection schedules under each collection model. Our extensive computational analyses based on real data indicated that, compared with the status quo, our proposed collection model can significantly reduce total collection costs. Based on this significant potential impact, our proposed collection model has been implemented by the ARC Douglasville manufacturing facility, the largest ARC blood manufacturing facility supplying blood to about 120 hospitals in the southern United States. Field data from postimplementation indicated that our proposed solution has resulted in (i) reducing inconsistencies in supply of cryo collections, and (ii) an approximately 40% reduction in the per-unit collection cost for cryo. Because of this success, the ARC is now at the stage of rolling out our proposed solution approach to other regions in the nation.
Spiritual wellbeing and quality of life in stoma patients
Authors: Rafiei Hossein , Naseh Ladan , Hoseinabadi-Farahani Mohammad Javad , Aghaei Sedigheh , Hosseinzadeh Kazem , Razaghpoor Ali , Alamdari Maedeh Pourhossein , Hosseinigolafshani Seyedeh Zahra
Published: June 2018

Aim:

Although there has been considerable recent research from around the world on the effect of spiritual wellbeing in a variety of chronic conditions, little research has been conducted specifically on the spiritual wellbeing of patients with a stoma. Therefore, this study aimed to quantify spiritual wellbeing in ostomates and determine whether this had any impact on their quality of life (QoL).

Method:

This study was conducted in Iran in 2016, and 70 ostomates were enrolled through convenience sampling. The data collection instrument was based on Palutzian and Ellison's Spiritual Wellbeing Scale and the City of Hope Quality of Life-Ostomy Questionnaire.

Results:

Among the 70 participants, 38 were women (54%). The mean of the total QoL scores was 4.4 (SD=0.7). When separated into physical, psychological, social and spiritual dimensions, the mean QoL scores were 5.7 (SD=0.8), 4.2 (SD=0.7), 3.4 (SD=0.7) and 4.7 (SD=1.1), respectively. The mean score for spiritual wellbeing was 75.1 (SD=7.7). Physical, psychological, social and spiritual dimensions of QoL and total QoL had direct and significant correlations.

Conclusion:

These results demonstrated that there is a relationship between QoL and spiritual wellbeing levels in ostomates, and this can be used by health-care planners and caregivers to improve the QoL of their patients.
Introduction of a palliative approach in the care trajectory among people living with advanced MS: perceptions of home-based health professionals
Authors: Leclerc-Loiselle Jérôme , Legault Alain
Published: June 2018

Background:

Even with the desire of home-based health professionals to provide supportive care, the palliative needs of people living with multiple sclerosis (MS) remain unmet.

Aim:

To describe the perceptions of home-based health professionals concerning the introduction of a palliative care approach in the care trajectory of people living with advanced MS.

Method:

Based on an exploratory qualitative design, focus groups and individual interviews were conducted with nurses, occupational therapists and social workers (n=13 professionals).

Results:

A palliative care approach was described as a possibility for opening the discussion between the patient and their caregivers about their needs and desires at the end of life. The approach required professionals to be supportive and to adapt their interventions to people living with MS. However, professionals reported difficulties in introducing a palliative care approach.

Conclusion:

Health professionals reported that they feel a palliative care approach for people living with MS is mandatory; however, they do not feel comfortable integrating it systematically into their care.
Palliative care in northern Tanzania: doing a lot with a little
Authors: Bond Melissa J. , Knopp Andrea
Published: June 2018

The number of people in need of palliative care is growing worldwide, particularly in the developing world. The World Health Organization recognises palliative care as a basic human right, but there are many challenges for delivering palliative care in low- and middle-income countries. In the African continent, the African Palliative Care Association (APCA) provides guidance for political advocacy for developing palliative care programmes and has developed the APCA Palliative Outcome Score (POS), an evidence-based tool for measuring outcomes of palliative care. This article focuses on palliative care delivery in Shirati, Tanzania, located in the Rorya District in the Mara Region in northern Tanzania, highlighting the impressive work done with limited resources and despite many challenges. Recommendations for future research include evaluation of outcomes using the APCA POS, the application of mobile technology, and governmental advocacy for increased access to opioid medications, which have shown promise in broadening the reach of palliative care in the East African Community.
Take your cue to get conversations rolling
Authors: Barber Jenny
Published: June 2018

In this Practical Pre-School Book extract Jenny Barber outlines how carefully considered interactions can be used to support children at different developmental stages, encouraging their confidence and ideas.
Snap happy!
Authors: White Hilary
Published: June 2018

Photos are a great resource for one-to-one time and group discussion. Make them a focus for discussing holiday destinations, memories and expectations, drawing on their own experiences.
Caring for baby
Authors: Williams Kate
Published: June 2018

Kate Williams outlines ideas for role-play with a baby doll, to encourage boys and girls to develop empathy and begin to understand the needs of a real baby. Observe how they engage with caring.
Biomechanical evaluation of a new gliding screw concept for the fixation of proximal humeral fractures
Authors: Acklin Y. P. , Zderic I. , Inzana J. A. , Grechenig S. , Schwyn R. , Richards R. G. , Gueorguiev B.
Published: June 2018

Aims

Plating displaced proximal humeral fractures is associated with a high rate of screw perforation. Dynamization of the proximal screws might prevent these complications. The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a new gliding screw concept for plating proximal humeral fractures biomechanically.

Methods

Eight pairs of three-part humeral fractures were randomly assigned for pairwise instrumentation using either a prototype gliding plate or a standard PHILOS plate, and four pairs were fixed using the gliding plate with bone cement augmentation of its proximal screws. The specimens were cyclically tested under progressively increasing loading until perforation of a screw. Telescoping of a screw, varus tilting and screw migration were recorded using optical motion tracking.

Results

Mean initial stiffness (N/mm) was 581.3 (sd 239.7) for the gliding plate, 631.5 (sd 160.0) for the PHILOS and 440.2 (sd 97.6) for the gliding augmented plate without significant differences between the groups (p = 0.11). Mean varus tilting (°) after 7500 cycles was comparable between the gliding plate (2.6; sd 1.9), PHILOS (1.2; sd 0.6) and gliding augmented plate (1.7; sd 0.9) (p = 0.10). Similarly, mean screw migration(mm) after 7500 cycles was similar between the gliding plate (3.02; sd 2.85), PHILOS (1.30; sd 0.44) and gliding augmented plate (2.83; sd 1.18) (p = 0.13). Mean number of cycles until failure with 5° varus tilting were 12702 (sd 3687) for the gliding plate, 13948 (sd 1295) for PHILOS and 13189 (sd 2647) for the gliding augmented plate without significant differences between the groups (p = 0.66).

Conclusion

Biomechanically, plate fixation using a new gliding screw technology did not show considerable advantages in comparison with fixation using a standard PHILOS plate. Based on the finding of telescoping of screws, however, it may represent a valid approach for further investigations into how to avoid the cut-out of screws. Cite this article: Y. P. Acklin, I. Zderic, J. A. Inzana, S. Grechenig, R. Schwyn, R. G. Richards, B. Gueorguiev. Biomechanical evaluation of a new gliding screw concept for the fixation of proximal humeral fractures. Bone Joint Res 2018;7:422–429. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.76.BJR-2017-0356.R1.
Impaction of primary tooth molar in mandibule – case report
Authors: Patussi Cleverson , Zavarez Larissa Balbo , Klein Parise Guilherme , Lucena Schussel Juliana , Sassi Laurindo Moacir
Published: June 2018

Tooth impaction results from a mechanical blocking that prevents the tooth from erupt. This situation is frequently associated to permanent tooth as wisdom teeth and canines. Impaction of a primary tooth can be associated to systemic or local etiologic factors. Treatment options could include dental extraction, removal of lesion associated without removing the primary tooth and others. The aim of this article is to present a rare case report of an impacted primary tooth in a 42 year-old man, with no complain of swelling. Extra oral examination revealed no alteration of normality. The panoramic radiograph showed a primary tooth impacted in the left body of the mandible.  Most of the time the cause for non-eruption of primary tooth is the presence of a mechanical obstacle, not anatomical, in its trajectory. The surgical intervention is a possibility, but it can stay unaltered with no problems related to the impacted tooth. Many times the professional experience and the activity together in various areas of knowledge are the most important and wise conduct to be taken in health care.KeywordsMandible; Impacted tooth; Oral surgery.Key-words: mandible; impacted tooth; oral surgery
In vitro analysis of dental ceramics: evaluation of the radiopacity and chemical composition by raman spectroscopy
Authors: De Carvalho Rodrigo Furtado , Cruz Fernando Luiz Goulart , Antunes Debora Pinto , Toledo Júnior Evane Gonçalves , De Oliveira Luiz Fernando Cappa , De Paula Marcos Vinícius Queiroz , Devito Karina Lopes
Published: June 2018

Objective: This study compared the radiopacity of different ceramic systems by means of digital radiographs and evaluate the chemical composition of the samples by Raman spectroscopy. Material and Methods: The hypothesis tested was that there was a difference in radiopacity among the tested materials. Specimens were prepared for each ceramic tested: FLD - VM7 (VITA Zahnfabrik), LD - IPS Empress e.max Press (IPS Empress), AL - In Ceram Alumina (VITA Zahnfabrik), ALYZ - In Ceram Zirconia (VITA Zahnfabrik), YZ - Lava All Ceram (3M/ESPE), and MYZ - Zirconzahn (Talladium Brazil). The specimens were radiographed and submitted to radiographic density readings using a histogram tool. The spectrometer coupled to a petrographic microscope was used for Raman spectroscopy measurements. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and a Tukey post-hoc test were used to compare radiopacity of the different materials. Results: For all tested materials, the radiopacity showed statistically significant differences, except YZ and MYZ. Lava All Ceram and ZirkonZahn had high radiopacity values and VM7 and IPS Empress e.max Press showed lower radiopacity than human dental structures. Conclusion: It was possible to conclude that radiopacity is closely linked to ceramic chemical composition.KeywordsDental ceramics; Radiopacity; Raman spectroscopy test; Restorative dentistry.
Impact of dental treatment on self-esteem and oral health selfperception of children and adolescents victims of sexual abuse
Authors: Mariz Ana Luísa de Ataíde , Araújo Symonne Leandro , Negrinho Luiz Antônio , Pedrosa Marlus da Silva , Pompeu José Guilherme Férrer , Da Silva Cláudio Heliomar Vicente
Published: June 2018

Objective: To evaluate the oral health self-perception and the influence of dental treatment on the multidisciplinary approach of adolescent victims of sexual abuse. Material and Methods: It was adopted a qualitative methodology that emphasized the deepening and comprehension of the answers obtained. Six adolescents, from both genders, victims of sexual abuse in the last two years, aged between 10 and 15, took part of the study. A questionnaire was applied before and after the dental treatment in order to evaluate changes in the self-perception and self-esteem of the individuals. The answers were categorized into two thematic axes with the use of the qualitative content analysis: self-perception and self-esteem. Psychological attendance prior and after the dental interventions enabled to comprehend the changes observed. Results: The participants presented a coherent self-perception in relation to the present clinical situation and an increase of their self-esteem after the dental interventions. Conclusion: Dental treatment contributed to improvements regarding self-esteem and oral health self-perception in victims of sexual abuse. KeywordsSelf-reported oral health; Sexual abuse; Dental aesthetic; Adolescent; Child.
Influence of indirect reinforcements on the flexural strength of a thermally activated acrylic resin used for complete dentures
Authors: Miranda Jean Soares , Marinho Caroline Cotes , Macedo Vanessa Cruz , Barcellos Aline Serrado de Pinho , Paradella Thaís Cachuté , Paes Jr Tarcísio José Arruda , Kimpara Estevão Tomomitsu
Published: June 2018

Objetive: This research aimed to verify the performance of thermally activated acrylic resin (TAAR) combined with a mix of glass and aramid fibers and/or composite resin of indirect use by a tree point bending test. Material and Methods: Ten samples, with 65 x 10 x 2.5 mm, were prepared for each group (n = 10): CO, control of only TAAR; CR, in which an 60 mm indirect composite resin was polymerized together with the acrylic resin during the thermo-polymerization cycle; SS, in which ceramic glass mixed with aramid fibers cut 60 mm in length were incorporated into the samples; and SC, in which the same fibers were incorporated with addiction of the indirect composite resin. A three-point flexural strength test was performed with a universal testing machine with a load of 50KgF at a speed of 5 mm/min in the center of the samples supported by a suitable device. The reinforced face was placed to the tensile side. The statistical one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests were made with a significance level of 95%. Results: The mean value for the CO was 60,27 ± 24,18 MPa, for CR it was 38,39±12,75 MPa, for SS it was 79,97±12,75 Mpa and for CS it was 32,40±9,05 MPa. Conclusion: The use of glass and aramid fibers at the base of a TAAR increased the three-point flexural strength, however when indirect composite resin was incorporated, a significant drop of this mechanical property was observed. KeywordsAcrylic resin; Complete denture; Composite resin.
Non-thermal plasma increase bond strength of zirconia to a resin cement
Authors: Da Silva Beatriz Togoro Ferreira , Trevelin Lívia Tosi , Teixeira Fernanda de Sá , Salvadori Maria Cecília , Cesar Paulo Francisco , Bona Matos Adriana
Published: June 2018

Objective: This study investigated the influence of different surface treatments on zirconia surface energy, roughness and microshear bond strength. Material and Methods: Forty eight slices of Yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP- VITA In-Ceram® YZ for inLab®) (6.4 x 3.2 x 1.6 mm) were divided into 3 groups according to the surface treatment (n = 16): YTZP_control -untreated; YTZP_plasma -surface treatment with non-thermal oxygen plasma; YTZP_primer - coating with ceramic primer. Surface energy (n = 6) was measured with a goniometer; and surface roughness (n = 10) was analyzed with a 3D profilometer were performed over zirconia surface. On the same specimens of surface roughness, on the treated zirconia's surface, resin cement (PANAVIA V5 - Kuraray Noritake Dental) was built up by inserting the resin cement into Tygon tubes (1 mm of internal diameter X 1 mm length).  After 24 h storage, microshear test was assessed. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc test (p < 0.05). Results: Non-thermal oxygen plasma treated specimens exhibited higher statistically significant surface energy (p = 0.00) and bond strength (p = 0.00) when compared to control and primer groups. Roughness test (p = 0.897) could not detect statistical difference among the tested groups. Conclusion: Non-thermal oxygen plasma should be a suitable alternative for zirconia surface treatment prior to luting hence it improved microshear bond strength and provided higher surface energy without affecting surface roughness. Keywords                                                                                                   Adhesion; Non-thermal plasma; Surface treatment.
Is genetic involve in the outcomes of contact reactions between parent and offspring and between siblings of the coral Pocillopora damicornis?
Authors: Wijayanti Diah Permata , Hidaka Michio
Published: June 2018

Various allogeneic responses have been characterized in stony corals. The responses were thought to be genetically control. However, very little is known about the genetic mechanism of allorecognition in corals. Therefore, the contact reaction between parent-offspring and between siblings of the coral Pocillopora damicornis has been studied. Three types of contact reactions were observed: between young colonies, between adult and young colonies, and between adult colonies.  Siblings, which were primary polyps or young colonies derived from the same broodparent, invariably fused. All but one pair of parent-offspring grafts exhibited fusion. However, some pairs of young colonies derived from the same two broodparents showed a different contact response than did the broodparents when their branch tips were paired. When the same pairs of the young colonies were repeated to contact at different age, most pairs yielded the same results. Together with the findings that young colonies were able to recognize their partner less than 1 month after the initial contact, we suggest that contact reaction in coral and time needed for the stable reaction are most probably under genetic control. Keywords: coral, young colonies, reproduction, parent-offspring relationship, histocompatibility
Characteristics of Sediments Deposition in Karimata Strait
Authors: Erawan Muhammad Trial Fiar , Prartono Tri , Arman Ali
Published: June 2018

Karimata strait connects South China Sea and Indonesia territorial seas where the strait current pattern is affected by west and east monsoon. This condition influences particles depositing sedimentation process in the strait. Lack information about sediment depositing rate at the straits dozens years ago makes this research is important to be conducted. This research was to estimate sediment depositing rate in the strait in two areas, near shore and off shore of Borneo. The research was conducted on June to September 2015 used coring sediment samples. Those samples were derived from Baruna Jaya VIII Ship Cruise on June 2015 that was collaborative research between Ministry of Marine and Fisheries Affairs of Indonesia and National Nuclear Center of Indonesia (BATAN).Samples were analyzed in the laboratory of Chemical and Ocean, Department of Environmental and Natural Resources, Center of Radiation and Isotope, National Nuclear Center of Indonesia (BATAN). Estimation of sediment depositing rate used natural isotope 210Pb. The study shows that the depositing rate of the nearest to Borneo area is about 0.92 kg.m-2.y-1 (1965) and increases to be 3.31 kg.m-2.y-1 (2009). The other area is about 0.08 kg.m-2.y-1 (1840) and increases to be 1.78 kg.m-2.y-1 (2010). This result implies that the sediment depositing rate at the nearest area to Borneo is higher than the off shore. Keywords: Near shore, off shore, Natural Isotop 210Pb, CRS (Constant Rate of Supply) model
A holographic doctors’ assistant on the example of a wireless heart rate monitor
Authors: Proniewska Klaudia , Dołęga-Dołęgowski Damian , Dudek Dariusz
Published: June 2018

Microsoft has created HoloLens glasses, a high-tech device used for holographic purposes, which is unique and superior to other available solutions. We present a new idea of a holographic assistant to doctors, using as an example a wireless patient data monitor. A dedicated application will be created to be used by doctors, allowing hands-free access to patient cards/data, reviewing of new/old examination results, and even the ability to work on real-time data. Doctors will be able to use this in the examination room, at a patient’s bedside, or in an entirely different location. Currently, analysis of patient data is done mostly by the doctor; however, huge progress in computer hardware performance and artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms has allowed the development of new methods used to analyze and classify patient examination results. In the same way that doctors learn and practice how to treat patients during their studies, algorithms can learn to spot abnormalities, allowing current technology and advanced AI algorithms to be joined in one high-tech solution that should provide initial assessment of patients’ health and give treatment guidance, if necessary.
Approximation of functions and their conjugates in Lp and uniform metric by Euler means
Authors: Volosivets Sergey S. , Tyuleneva Anna A.
Published: June 2018

For 2π-periodic functions from Lp (where 1 < p < ∞) we prove an estimate of approximation by Euler means in Lp metric generalizing a result of L. Rempuska and K. Tomczak. Furthermore, we show that this estimate is sharp in a certain sense. We study the uniform approximation of functions by Euler means in terms of their best approximations in p-variational metric and also prove the sharpness of this estimate under some conditions. Similar problems are treated for conjugate functions.
Determination of pinene content in black liquor by solvent-assisted/pyrogallol-protected headspace gas chromatography (HS-GC)
Authors: Hu Hui-Chao , Zeng Tong , Zhang Shaokai , Chen Lihui , Huang Liulian , Ni Yonghao
Published: June 2018

A solvent-assisted and pyrogallol (PG)-protected headspace gas chromatography (HS-GC) method was developed to determine the pinene (α- and β-pinene) content in the kraft pulping black liquor (BL). Ethanol (EtOH) addition eliminated pinene’s micelles in BL by complete dissolution in the EtOH/BL medium. PG was applied to protect pinene from oxidation during the sample storage and measurement. The results showed that, with a 25% (v/v) of EtOH content and a 0.1 g of PG in 5-ml of sample solution, a rapid and stable pinene HS extraction can be obtained in 20 min at 80°C. The method has high precision with relative standard deviations within 4.2%. The sensitivity [limits of quantification (LOQ) are ~140 μg l−1] was high, and a good accuracy (recovery=96.0–104%) was typical for the pinene detection. The presented method is simple, rapid, accurate and is suitable for pinene quantification in biorefinery related processes and it leads to the preparation of high-value chemicals.