bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Fe-Al layered double hydroxides on silica for phosphate and arsenate removal from water
Authors: Egelja Adela , Savic Andrija , Savic Marjetka , Kokunesoski Maja , Pantic Krstimir , Rancic Milica , Vuksanovic Marija
Published: September 2023

In present study FeAl-LDH@SiO2 adsorbent was used for phosphate and arsenate removal from aqueous solutions. Silica, obtained from rice husks, was used as a substrate for the deposition of FeAl based layered double hydroxides (FeAl-LDH) particles. Synthesis of FeAl-LDH, obtained at Fe/Al molar ratio of 3:1, was performed via co-precipitation and concomitant deposition on SiO2 carrier at 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1 LDH/silica mass ratios. The prepared materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms (BET method) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). SEM analysis revealed uniform precipitate of LDH on SiO2 substrate, while XRD analysis confirmed crystallographic structure of LDH deposit. Optimization of adsorption properties of synthesized adsorbents confirmed best performances of FeAl-LDH@SiO2, obtained at 3:1 LDH/silica mass ratio. Thus, adsorption experiments were carried out with respect to adsorbent dosage, phosphate and arsenate concentration at initial pH 4. Phosphate concentrations were determined using spectrophotometer and arsenate concentrations were determined using atomic absorption spectrometer. The results showed that the maximum sorption capacities for phosphates was 62.2 mg g-1, and for arsenate was 59.0 mg g-1. Kinetic study confirmed intra-particle diffusion as rate-limiting step, while thermodynamic study indicates feasible and spontaneous process.
Review article circadian disruption in pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus
Authors: Bykov Yu. V.
Published: September 2023

Diabetes mellitus is a leading endocrine disease with a steadily increasing incidence, and its complications impose a heavy burden on the healthcare. Although pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus has been extensively investigated through the recent decades, the role of circadian rhythms in this regard was vaguely described. Circadian rhythms comprise an autonomous system of neuroendocrine signals and transcription factors that enfold key physiological processes into a daily cycle. Circadian clocks are subdivided into central (located in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus) and peripheral oscillators (located in organs and cells) which produce circadian variations in the activity of virtually all cells within the human body, including the β cells of the pancreas. Circadian rhythm disruption causes circadian desynchronization which is associated with impaired glucose metabolism and insulin secretion, thereby being considered as one of the triggers of diabetes mellitus. Production of melatonin, a master regulator of circadian rhythms and a potent antioxidant, is significantly reduced in patients with diabetes mellitus. Circadian desynchronization may be triggered by a jetlag or an eating disorder. At present, circadian disruption is viewed as an important cause for the development of diabetes mellitus, although the mechanisms of such link have not been fully elucidated hitherto and might include genetic predisposition and increased oxidative stress. Timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment of circadian disruption in patients with diabetes mellitus may ameliorate the severity or prevent diabetes complications.
Optimization of anticoagulant therapy in patients undergoing mechanical heart valve replacement
Authors: Tkachenko S. A. , Astapov D. A. , Bogachev-Prokofiev A. V. , Zalesov A. S. , Pivkin A. N. , Makaev A. G. , Agaeva Kh. A. , Sharifulin R. M.
Published: September 2023

Acquired heart defects have a high prevalence among patients of different age groups and represent a significant social problem. To date, surgery remains the only effective option to treat acquired heart disease, and replacement of the dysfunctional heart valves frequently relies on mechanical prosthetic heart valves which implantation requires lifelong anticoagulant therapy with vitamin K antagonists and constant monitoring of international normalised ratio. However, the optimal target range for international normalised ratio values remains poorly defined. Optimisation of the approaches to anticoagulant therapy for this category of patients is becoming increasingly important. This paper highlights the main problems and possible solutions for patients who have undergone implantation of mechanical heart valves and need constant intake of vitamin K antagonists.
Influence of nitric oxide delivery on kidney damage in experimental model of cardiopulmonary bypass with circulatory arrest
Authors: Boyko A. M. , Kamenshchikov N. O. , Miroshnichenko A. G. , Podoksenov Yu. K. , Serebryakova O. N. , Dzyuman A. N. , Svirko Yu. S. , Dymbrylova O. N. , Lugovskiy V. A. , Diakova M. L. , Panfilov D. S. , Kozlov B. N.
Published: September 2023

Aim. To evaluate the efficiency and safety of nitric oxide delivery for kidney protection in the simulation of cardiopulmonary bypass and circulatory arrest in the experiment.

Materials and Methods. We performed an experimental modeling of cardiopulmonary bypass with circulatory arrest in 20 sheep of the Altai breed weighing 30-32 kg. Circulatory arrest was performed at moderate hypothermia (30-32°C) for 15 minutes and was followed by reperfusion and warming up to 37°C. Animals were divided into 2 equal groups: 10 sheep which received nitric oxide (NO) through the inhalations supply and cardiopulmonary bypass machine at a dose of 80 ppm, and 10 control sheep. We further collected biological fluids and tissue specimens for subsequent assessment of the safety of NO use and its nephropro-tective properties.

Results. The proposed method of NO therapy during the cardiopulmonary bypass with circulatory arrest was safe and did not lead to an increase in toxic metabolites. In sheep which received NO therapy, the average concentration of NO2 throughout the entire period of the experiment was 1.2 ± 0.19 ppm (with a maximum allowable concentration of 3.0 ppm), and the concentration of methemoglobin (MetHb) was 2.3 ± 0.34% (with a maximum allowable level of 5.0%). Neutrophilic gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) was significantly lower in sheep which received NO therapy (0.67 ± 0.255 ng/mL versus 2.23 ± 0.881 ng/mL in the control group, p = 0.0001). Acute kidney injury was mitigated in sheep which received NO therapy.

Conclusion. Experimental delivery of NO at a dose of 80 ppm during the cardiopulmonary bypass and circulatory arrest is safe and is associated with reduced acute kidney injury.
Farmers’ Food Security in Forest and Peatland Fires Prone Areas of South Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Rozaki Zuhud , Meirani Rejeki Tristya , Rahayu Lestari , Fairuz Ramli Mona
Published: September 2023

Forest and peatland fires in Indonesia affect the lives of farmers near the prone areas, and their food security is impacted. This research aimed to examine the level of food security and identify the factors influencing it in the forest and peatland fires of South Kalimantan. One hundred farmers, considered vulnerable to peatland fires, from two subdistricts, namely Gambut District and Sungai Tabuk District, were interviewed. The study employed the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) method, consisting of nine food conditions questions and logistic regression analysis. This study shows that the majority of farmers experience mild food insecurity. Land status, family size, fire rate, and land size affected the farmers’ food security. Disaster mitigation education may help reduce the impact of forest and peatland fires on farmers’ food security. Additionally, support from various stakeholders will strengthen food security efforts.
Keywords: farmers, fires, food security, forest, peatland
Body like an idol: K-pop fitspiration on Tumblr – an analysis of texts and images
Authors: Achilles Linda , Mandl Thomas , Womser-Hacker Christa
Published: September 2023

Eating disorders are a major health issue in societies today which oftentimes remain untreated. In social media, such as Tumblr, people build communities to exchange information and connect to each other using specific hashtags. Some of these trends which emerge around these hashtags, are related to eating disorders. This study in information science addresses how inspiration for fitness (Fitspiration) inspired by music fandom (in particular K-pop) can be characterized on Tumblr by automatically analyzing text and images of posts. Images are evaluated based on their colorfulness and emotional measures, texts undergo a sentiment and readability analysis, as well as an evaluation of their psycho-linguistic features. Furthermore, a qualitative content analysis of K-pop Fitspiration posts (n=119) is performed and they are compared to the K-pop Thinspiration posts, regular Thinspiration and control group posts. Results reveal, that K-pop Fitspiration posts are oftentimes more similar to posts from the control group than to Thinspiration posts, but that they also share psycho-linguistic features with posts of eating disordered users.
Comparison of Error Rate Prediction Methods in Binary Logistic Regression Modeling for Imbalanced Data
Authors: Bahri Annur Sinaga  , Dodi Vionanda  , Dony Permana  , Admi Salma
Published: September 2023

Binary logistic regression is a regression analysis used in classification modeling. The performance of binary logistic regression can be seen from the accuracy of the model formed. Accuracy can be measured by predicting the error rate. One method of predicting the error rate that is often used is cross validation. There are three algorithms in cross validation, namely leave one out, hold out, and k-fold. Leave one out is a method that divides data based on the number of observations so that each observation has the opportunity to become testing data but requires a long time in the analysis process when the number of observations is large. Hold out is the simplest algorithm that only divides the data into two parts randomly so there is a possibility that important data does not become training data. K-fold is an algorithm that divides data into several groups, but k-fold is not suitable for data that has a small number of observations. In reality, real data found is often imbalanced. In logistic regression when the data is increasingly imbalanced the prediction results will approach the number of minority classes. This research focuses on the comparison of error rate prediction methods in binary logistic regression modeling with imbalanced data. This study uses three types of data, namely univariate, bivariate and multivariate, which are generated by differences in population mean and correlation between independent variables. The results obtained are k-fold algorithm is the most suitable error rate prediction algorithm applied to binary logistic regression.
Flexible Project Management Methods: Types, Analysis, and Comparison
Authors: Rudakov A. A.
Published: September 2023

This article presents a study of flexible project management methods such as Agile, Scrum, Kanban, and Lean. The research aims to explore and compare these methods in order to determine their key characteristics, advantages, disadvantages, and areas of application. The article provides a literature review that establishes the theoretical foundation and core principles of each method. The analysis of practical cases examines successful implementation examples of each method and identifies challenges encountered by teams when using them. The comparative analysis is based on the principles, structure, roles, tools, and areas of application of each method. This allows for identifying similarities and differences between them and understanding in which cases the use of each method is most appropriate. The research methods include literature review, analysis of practical cases, and comparative analysis. The study provides a comprehensive overview of flexible project management methods and offers recommendations for selecting the most suitable method depending on the project context and team needs.
Colchicine added to standard therapy further reduces fibrosis in pigs with myocardial infarction
Authors: Aimo Alberto , Martinez-Falguera Daina , Barison Andrea , Musetti Veronica , Masotti Silvia , Morfino Paolo , Passino Claudio , Martinelli Giulia , Pucci Angela , Crisostomo Veronica , Sanchez-Margallo Francisco , Blanco-Blazquez Virginia , Galvez-Monton Carolina , Emdin Michele , Bayes-Genis Antoni
Published: September 2023

Background

The anti-inflammatory drug colchicine improves the outcome of patients with myocardial infarction (MI). As an intense inflammatory and fibrotic response after MI may lead to scar expansion and left ventricular (LV) remodeling, the clinical benefit of colchicine could be related to a positive effect on the infarct scar and LV remodeling.

Methods

Pigs underwent left anterior descending artery occlusion through an angioplasty balloon for 90 min and were then randomized into two groups: standard therapy [ACE inhibitor, beta blocker, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA), aspirin] plus colchicine (n = 14) or standard therapy alone (n = 13). The pigs were treated for 30 days and underwent two cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) scans at 72 h and 30 days. The pigs were then sacrificed the day after the second CMR. The primary efficacy end point was the extent of fibrosis in the infarct zone (calculated on eight samples from this zone and averaged).

Results

In the hearts explanted after 31 days, pigs in the colchicine group had less fibrosis in the infarct zone than the other animals [41.6% (20.4–51.0) vs. 57.4% (42.9–66.5); P = 0.022]. There was a trend toward a higher myocardial salvage index (MSI; an index of the efficacy of revascularization) in pigs on colchicine (P = 0.054). Conversely, changes in LV volumes, ejection fraction and mass did not differ between groups.

Conclusion

Colchicine therapy for 1 month after reperfused MI further reduces myocardial fibrosis when added to standard therapy, while it does not have additional effects on LV remodeling.
The Design and Performance of Internally Cooled Cutting Tools for Turning: A Literature Review
Authors: Korenkovs A. , Gerins E. , Kromanis A.
Published: September 2023

Near–dry machining and dry machining lead to increased temperature of the cutting tools. To reduce tool wear and extend the tool lifetime, and, eventually, to keep the accuracy of manufactured parts within acceptable limits as long as possible, a sustainable cooling technique is required. The technology of internal cooling of the cutting tool appears to be the most promising, because it allows eliminating the presence of the coolant on the manufacturing part and delivers the heat–transferring fluid to the very cutting area of the tool. This paper provides a literature review on the closed–loop internally cooled cutting tools (CLICCT) for turning. The current level of knowledge and experimental machining with prototypes has proven that CLICCT can utilize the benefits of dry cooling, having a longer tool life.
Experimental Study on Concrete by Adding Polyester Fibres
Authors: Nirmala D. B , Angadi Akshay
Published: September 2023

There are increased innovations in the field of concrete because there are endless opportunities for innovative materials, techniques, applications, and design. Today’s construction industry is looking for cost-effective materials to improve the strength of concrete structures. As a result, an attempt has been made in the current research to investigate the impact of adding polyester fibres (Recron 3s) to concrete. Fibres improve concrete's tensile and flexural strength, fatigue properties, durability, shrinkage properties, impact and erosion resistance, and serviceability. Polyester fibres (Recron 3s) are micro fibres; they contribute to enhancing the resistance of concrete to shrinkage and cracking and also help to improve mechanical properties such as the flexural / split tensile and transverse strength of concrete along with improvements in abrasion and impact strength. An experimental study was done using a M30 mix design. Polyester fibres (Recron 3s) were used in the concrete with varying dosage rates of 0.50 kgs / cu.m – 2.00 kgs / cu.m. This study describes the enhancement in the strength of the M30 grade mix concrete by the addition of polyester fibres (Recron 3s) in the proportions of 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2.0kg/cu.m, and M30 concrete with varying dosages of the polyester fibres (Recron 3s) were mixed and cast.
Brazilian Zooarch Database: banco de dados da fauna arqueológica do Brasil
Authors: Fossile Thiago , Ferreira Jessica , Colonese Andre Carlo
Published: September 2023

O Brazilian Zooarch Database é o primeiro banco de dados zooarqueológico colaborativo e de acesso aberto do Brasil, em que o usuário pode visualizar e contribuir na inserção de novos dados para expansão da fauna registrada em sítios arqueológicos no país. Atualmente, o ZooarchBR é composto por 71 publicações produzidas entre 1975 e 2022 que resultou em 366 espécies de 374 sítios arqueológicos. Até o momento, todos os dados são da costa sul do Brasil. Índices de riqueza e abundância foram gerados a partir dos dados publicados. Ainda, é possível caracterizar o contexto cultural em que um espécime foi coletado. Neste artigo, mostramos as possibilidades de aplicação do ZooarchBR para a Arqueologia e Biologia da Conservação.
Estudios actualísticos intrarregionales y formación de sitios: observación y registro de carcasas en el margem Meridional Altoandino de la Puna de Atacama, Norte de Chile
Authors: Santander Boris , Cartajena-F Isabel , Huerta-P Valentina , Yrarrazaval Sebastián , Souza Patricio de
Published: September 2023

En este texto se presenta una nota sobre el desarrollo de trabajos de observación y registro de carcasas animales en dos espacios ecológicos diferentes, separados por escasos kilómetros pero con notorias diferencias en términos de altitud, humedad, temperatura, radiación solar y salinidad. El trabajo de observación tiene por objetivo detectar, desde una perspectiva actualística, diferencias a nivel intrarregional en los procesos de formación y modificación de los restos óseos, que contribuyan a explicar el escaso registro arqueofaunístico recuperado en los sitios arqueológicos del área.
WORKSHOP IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS INDUSTRI DALAM RANGKA PENDAMPINGAN SMK PUSAT KEUNGGULAN PADA SMKN 1 RANGKAS BITUNG
Authors: Winanti Winanti , Nurasiah Nurasiah , Basuki Sucipto , Kumoro Dwi Ferdiyatmoko Cahya , Kamar Karnawi , Purno Marhaendro , Himmy’azz Istajib Kulla , Yulia Yayah , Adiyanto Adiyanto , Fernando Erick , Yusuf Yusuf , Ahadi Ahadi
Published: September 2023

Kegiatan pendampingan dilakukan selama tahun 2022 dengan 6 kunjungan onsite dan salah satunya adalah dengan kegiatan workshop impelentasi kurikulum berbasis industri untuk program studi desain komunikasi visual (DKV). SMKN 1 Rangkas Bitung menadi salah satu SMK Pusat Keunggulan di tahun 2021 dan berlanjut di tahun 2022. Workshop ini menjadi salah satu agenda kegiatan yang harus dilakukan oleh SMK Pusat Keunggulan karena pentingnya penyelarasan dan implementasi kurikulum berbasis industri. Upaya yang dilakukan oleh SMK untuk mempersiapkan lulusan dengan kurikulum yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan industri. Pentingnya kegiatan ini implementasi kurikulum dengan industri maka perlu dilakukan pertemuan secara rutin antara SMK dengan industri mitra. Untuk ke depannya agar pihak SMK lebih banyak lagi mengundang industri sebagai narasumber, dan guru magang di industri dengan tujuan agar apa yang diajarkan di sekolah secara real mengadopsi industry, dan pada akhirnya lulusan benar-benar dipastikan siap kerja, melanjutkan studi dan berwirausaha.
Lhermitte–Duclos disease: A systematic review
Authors: Alanazi Aued Iaed , Alanezi Tariq , Aljofan Ziyad Fahad , Alarabi Alwaleed , Elwatidy Sherif
Published: September 2023

Background:

Lhermitte–Duclos disease (LDD) is a rare tumor, with only about 300 reported cases. It often shows comorbidity with Cowden syndrome (CS); however, it can occur by itself. Radiologically, the “tiger-stripe” appearance is considered pathognomonic. Surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment. This report aims to describe the clinical and radiological characteristics of LDD and its relationship with CS according to age group.

Methods:

PubMed electronic databases were searched in August 2022. The search terms included “Lhermitte– Duclos disease” and “dysplastic gangliocytoma,” which yielded 297 and 103 research articles, respectively. The articles were collected and reviewed by three researchers.

Results:

Out of 400 identified articles, we analyzed 302 reported cases. The mean age at presentation was 33.6 ± 16 years; 171 patients (56.6%) were female, and 123 (40.7%) were male. The most commonly reported symptom was headache (174 patients, 57.6%), followed by ataxia (109, 36.1%). In addition, 99 cases (32.8%) were associated with CS, and 60 (19.9%) had a confirmed phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) mutation. A tiger-stripe appearance was observed in 208 cases (58.7%); surgical resection was performed in 64.2% of the cases. Mortality and recurrence rates were 4.3% and 8.6%, respectively. No statistically significant difference was found between adult- and pediatric-onset LDD for the association with CS (P = 0.128).

Conclusion:

Our findings suggest that adult and pediatric LDD have major commonalities; however, further prospective studies are warranted.
Crowdfunding Success Effects on Financing Outcomes for Startups: A Signaling Theory Perspective
Authors: Ryu Sunghan , Kim Keongtae , Hahn Jungpil
Published: September 2023

This study adopts a signaling theory perspective to examine whether and how crowdfunding (relative to angel financing) influences subsequent venture capital (VC) investments in startups. We used a bivariate probit model with propensity score matching to address the potential endogeneity of the initial funding choice. Subsequently, we found that crowdfunded startups have a lower chance of receiving VC funding than angel-financed startups and that the effect is more negative for startups located outside of startup cluster cities. We show that corporate VCs, unlike independent VCs comprising the majority of VCs, favor crowdfunded startups. Our study contributes to the literature on crowdfunding, startup finance, and the transformative effects of IT-enabled platforms. This study further discusses the practical implications of crowdfunding in startup finance ecosystems.
Extracting Actionable Insights from Text Data: A Stable Topic Model Approach
Authors:   Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Yang Yi , Subramanyam Ramanath ,   University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Published: September 2023

Topic models are becoming a frequently employed tool in the empirical methods repertoire of information systems and management scholars. Given textual corpora, such as consumer reviews and online discussion forums, researchers and business practitioners often use topic modeling to either explore data in an unsupervised fashion or generate variables of interest for subsequent econometric analysis. However, one important concern stems from the fact that topic models can be notorious for their instability, i.e., the generated results could be inconsistent and irreproducible at different times, even on the same dataset. Therefore, researchers might arrive at potentially unreliable results regarding the theoretical relationships that they are testing or developing. In this paper, we attempt to highlight this problem and suggest a potential approach to addressing it. First, we empirically define and evaluate the stability problem of topic models using four textual datasets. Next, to alleviate the problem and with the goal of extracting actionable insights from textual data, we propose a new method, Stable LDA, which incorporates topical word clusters into the topic model to steer the model inference toward consistent results. We show that the proposed Stable LDA approach can significantly improve model stability while maintaining or even improving the topic model quality. Further, employing two case studies related to an online knowledge community and online consumer reviews, we demonstrate that the variables generated from Stable LDA can lead to more consistent estimations in econometric analyses. We believe that our work can further enhance management scholars’ collective toolkit to analyze ever-growing textual data.
Results of deep horizons exploration of the Mir kimberlite pipe
Authors: Kilizhekov O. K. , Tolstov A. V. , Yakhin Sh. M.
Published: September 2023

The first results on the geological structure of the deep horizons of a diamond deposit – the Mir kimberlite pipe are presented. According to the results of exploration of deep horizons, new data on the geological structure of the deposit was obtained. The morphology of the pipe with depth has a definite tendency to increase the volume of the ore body in comparison with the results of previous explorations. The material composition of kimberlites and their productivity to a depth of more than 1,500 m vary slightly. In general, the results of the exploration allowed us to obtain a significant increase in the reserves of kimberlite ore and diamonds with a total volume of over 40 million carats.
ОДНОСТАДИЙНОЕ ОСАЖДЕНИЕ Ti–Cu ПОКРЫТИЯ ЭЛЕКТРОИСКРОВОЙ ОБРАБОТКОЙ ТИТАНОВОГО СПЛАВА Ti6Al4V АНОДОМ ИЗ МЕДНЫХ И ТИТАНОВЫХ ГРАНУЛ
Authors: Бурков А.А.
Published: September 2023

В настоящее время титано-медные покрытия привлекли большое внимание исследователей в области модификации поверхности промышленных и биомедицинских материалов из-за их превосходных механических свойств и биосовместимости. Приготовление интерметаллидного Ti–Cu покрытия осуществлялось методом электроискровой обработки в эквимолярной смеси гранул из электротехнической меди М0 и титанового сплава ВТ1-00. По данным энергодисперисионного анализа средняя концентрация меди и титана в покрытии составляла 30 и 70 ат. %, соответственно. По данным рентгенофазового анализа в структуре покрытия обнаружены интерметаллиды: CuTi3, CuTi, Cu4Ti3 благодаря которым микротвердость покрытия достигала 498,5 HV. Средняя толщина покрытия составила 43,7 мкм. Микроструктура покрытия представлена равноосными зернами диаметром 70-500 нм. Угол контакта с водой для Ti–Cu покрытия на 24 % больше чем у исходного сплава. Ti–Cu покрытие позволяет повысить жаростойкость титанового сплава Ti6Al4V в 1,3 раза. Приведенная величина износа покрытия составила 0,67×105 мм3/Нм. Применение электроискровых Cu–Ti покрытий позволяет повысить интенсивность изнашивания поверхности сплава Ti6Al4V в 11 раз. Сочетание окислительного и абразивного износа было механизмом изнашивания Ti–Cu покрытия, в то время как адгезионный износ был более характерен для сплава Ti6Al4V.
Rapid Detection of Micro/Nanoplastics Via Integration of Luminescent Metal Phenolic Networks Labeling and Quantitative Fluorescence Imaging in A Portable Device
Authors: Ye Haoxin , Zheng Xinzhe , Yang Haoming , Kowal Matthew , Seifried Teresa , Pal Singh Gurvendra , Aayush Krishna , Gao Guang , Grant Edward , Kitts David , Yada Rickey , Yang Tianxi
Published: September 2023

The fact that there is an accumulation of micro-and nano-plastics (MNPs) in ecosystems which poses tremendous environmental risks for terrestrial and aquatic organisms is undeniable. Thus, designing improved rapid, field-deployable, and sensitive analytical devices that can assess the potential risks of MNPs pollution is critical. Since current techniques for MNPs detection have limited effectiveness, we sought to design a wireless portable device that will allow rapid, sensitive, and on-site detection of MNPs. Coupling this capacity with remote data processing via machine learning algorithms in a mobile device APP will further enable quantitative fluorescence imaging of MNPs. To achieve this goal, we utilized a developed supramolecular labeling strategy, employing luminescent metal-phenolic networks (L-MPNs) composed of zirconium ions, tannic acid, and rhodamine B, to label a wide range of MNP sizes (i.e.,10 μm, 1 μm, 500 nm, and 50 nm). Results showed that our device can quantify MNPs and detect particle quantities as low as 330 micro-plastic particles and 3.08×106 nano-plastic particles in less than 20 min; while also successfully facilitating quantitative analysis of real-world MNPs samples. The determination of diverse types of MNPs released from commercial plastic cups revealed that the quantity of released plastic particles reached ranges of hundred-million after exposure to boiling water and subsequent 30 min cooling. The device was shown to be user-friendly and operative on a mobile APP by untrained personnel to conduct data processing remotely and effectively. The analytical platform integrating quantitative fluorescence imaging, customized data processing, decision tree model and low-cost analysis ($0.015 per assay) has great potential for high-throughput screening of various types of MNPs in agri-food and environmental systems.
Switching it Up: New Mechanisms Revealed in Wurtzite-type Ferroelectrics
Authors: Lee Cheng-Wei , Yazawa Keisuke , Zakutayev Andriy , Brennecka Geoff L. , Gorai Prashun
Published: September 2023

Wurtzite-type ferroelectrics have drawn increasing attention due to the promise of better performance and integration than traditional oxide ferroelectrics with semiconductors such as Si, SiC, and III-V compounds. However, wurtzite-type ferroelectrics generally require enormous electric fields, approaching breakdown, to reverse their polarization. The underlying switching mechanism(s), especially for multinary compounds and alloys, remains elusive. Here, we examine the switching behaviors in (Al,Sc)N alloys and new wurtzite-type multinary candidate compounds we recently computationally identified. We find that switching in these tetrahedrally-coordinated materials proceeds via a variety of non-polar intermediate structures and that switching barriers are dominated by the more electronegative of the cations. For (Al,Sc)N alloys, we find that the switching pathway changes from a collective mechanism to a lower-barrier mechanism enabled by inversion of individual tetrahedra with increased Sc composition. Our findings provide insights for future engineering and realization of wurtzite-type materials and open a door to understanding domain motion.
The survival prediction of hospitalized patients with COVID-19: the role of chitotriosidase level in peripheral blood
Authors: Schelkanovtseva Ekaterina S. , Isaev Georgy O. , Mironova Olga Yu. , Balakhonov Alexander A. , Skvortsov Alexey V. , Nagornov Ilya O. , Suvorov Aleksandr Yu. , Fomin Victor V. , Panferov Alexandr S.
Published: September 2023

Aim. To assess the relationship between plasma chitotiosidase (CHIT) level and mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.
Materials and methods. 347 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were enrolled in our single-center cohort prospective observational study. On the first day of hospitalization the patients were assessed by the level of CHIT in the venosus blood to addition to default laboratory examinations. The primary endpoint was all-cause death. The survival after hospital discharge were assessed via phone calls on 90 and 180 days since inclusion to the study (NCT04752085).
Results. Our study included 347 patients. The first symptoms appeared in 7 days [5; 7] before hospitalization; 283 (84.3%) patients had less than 50% of the involvement of the lung tissue to the inflammation process (CT 02); 36 (10.4%) patients had died since the start of our investigation; 30 (83.3%) of them died during hospitalization, others -no later than 60 days; 68 (19%) people didnt answer during phone call. The survivor's activity of the enzyme in the deceased was significantly lower in compare to deceased patients (90.5 [40.2; 178.0] nmol/h/mL vs 180.0 [77.2; 393.2] nmol/h/mL; p=0.001). Survivor of the patients with a higher level of the activity of the CHIT (more than 171 nmol/h/mL) was statically significantly lower.
Conclusion. Rising of the CHIT's activity more than 171 nmol/h/mL might be an early independent predictor of the bad prognosis of the patients, who were hospitalized with COVID-19 infection.
Effects of sacubitril/valsartan in patients with cancer therapy-related heart failure
Authors: Vitsenya Marina V. , Potekhina Alexandra V. , Gavryushina Svetlana V. , Ibragimova Nursiiat M. , Stukalova Olga V. , Masenko Valery P. , Sharf Tatiana V. , Ageev Fail T.
Published: September 2023

Aim. To evaluate the effect of Sacubitril/Valsartan (S/V) on the functional status, systolic and diastolic function of the left ventricle (LV), tolerability of therapy and to determine predictors of its effectiveness in patients with cancer therapy-related heart failure (СTRHF).
Materials and methods. Forty patients 58 [46; 65.5] years of age with HF associated with anthracycline-containing cancer therapy were enrolled. Clinical examination, echocardiography, and assessment of potassium and creatinine levels were performed at baseline and after 6 months of S/V therapy.
Results. NYHA functional class (FC) improvement was observed in 22 (64.7%) patients. Radiation therapy (RT) decreased (OR 0.091; 95% CI 0.010.83; p=0.03) while baseline low LV EF increased (OR 9.0; 95% CI 1.7845.33; p=0.008) the odds of FC improvement. LV EF increased from 37.3 [30; 42.5] % to 45 [38; 48] % (p0.0001) and exceeded 50% in 7 (20.6%) patients. The odds of LV EF recovery increased when S/V therapy was initiated 1 year after anthracycline therapy (OR 10.67; 95% CI 1.5772.67; p=0.0016) and decreased in patients with the history of RT (OR 0.14; 95% CI 0.020.89; p=0.0037) and in patients over 58 years (OR 0.07; 95% CI 0.010.68; p=0.022). LV diastolic function improvement included E/e descent from 13.6 [10; 18.3] to 8.9 [6.9; 13.7] (p=0.0005), and decrease in diastolic dysfunction grade in 18 (45%) patients (p=0.0001). No significant change in serum potassium (4.45 [4.2; 4.8] versus 4.5 [4.3; 4.8]; p=0.5) and creatinine (75.4 [67.6; 85.1] versus 75.5 [68.2; 98.3]; p=0.08) levels were observed.
Conclusion. S/V therapy is associated with improvement of EF, systolic and diastolic LV function, demonstrates a favorable tolerability profile in patients with СTRHF. Lack of RT and low baseline LV EF increased the odds of LV EF improvement; lack of RT, early (1 year) start of treatment after discontinuation of anthracycline therapy, and age 58 years increased the odds of LV EF recovery.
COMPARISON OF ECOTOURISM MODELS IN GERMANY AND AUSTRALIA
Authors: Дорофеев А.А. , Паршикова М.И.
Published: September 2023

Популярный вариант природно-ориентированных путешествий – экологический туризм, в регионах мира развивается по-разному. Специалисты выделяют несколько моделей организации экотуров. Общепризнанными являются «Северо-Американская» и «Западно-Европейская» модели. Наиболее четко эти модели проявляются, соответственно, в Австралии и Германии. Основным приемом в исследовании являлся сравнительно-описательный метод. В статье на примере указанных стран обсуждаются причины формирования и различия между названными моделями. Формулируемые положения и выводы подкрепляются количественными показателями и конкретными примерами из практики экотуризма в сравниваемых государствах. В работе использованы оригинальные публикации и статистические материалы австралийских и немецких источников.

A popular variant of nature-oriented travel is ecological tourism, which is developing in different ways in the regions of the world. Experts identify several models for organizing eco-tours. The "North American" and "Western European" models are generally recognized. Australia and Germany correspond to these models most vividly. The main technique in the study was the comparative-descriptive method. Using the example of these countries, the article discusses the reasons for the formation and differences between these models. The formulated provisions and conclusions are supported by quantitative indicators and specific examples from the practice of ecotourism in the compared states. The paper uses original publications and statistical materials from Australian and German sources.
Perceptions of Students and Teachers of the University of Montenegro on Academic Integrity
Authors: Čalović Nenezić Sanja , Krtolica Milena , Jelić Milica , Šekarić Suzana
Published: September 2023

At the University of Montenegro, increasing emphasis has recently been placed on academic integrity. Academic integrity is based on the principles of honesty, objectivity, openness, freedom in teaching and research, and responsibility to academia and society/the community. One of the basic principles of academic integrity is honesty. The present study is based on examining the perception of students and teachers of the University of Montenegro concerning different segments of academic honesty. The aim of the research was to examine ethical behaviour related to respect for someone else’s work (using and referring to literature) and copying as well as using illicit means in exams. The research was conducted using quantitative research on a sample of 200 students and 50 teachers at the University of Montenegro. For this purpose, the authors used a Likert-type assessment scale. The findings suggest that the respondents understand the importance of academic integrity, that is, honesty as its principle, but that they do not recognise all of the segments that it covers in the same way. For example, different answers were received regarding the claim that students copy papers without paraphrasing, and despite the observed negative attitude towards the disciplinary procedure in both groups, teachers seem to lead in this attitude.
Implementation of Education Management in Increasing the Quality of Community Learning Centers
Authors: Sulaeman Devi , Kamil Mustofa , Ardiwinata Jajat Sudrajat , Saepudin Asep
Published: September 2023

Purpose:  This study discusses management implementation in improving the quality of community learning activity centers based on aspects of planning, organizing, implementing, monitoring, and evaluating.
 
Theoretical framework: PKBM today is a critical point in educational competition if there is no good management. PKBM management provides effective as well as positive results in dealing with global challenges so that in line with management is the achievement of organizational goals in an effective and efficient manner through organizational planning, leadership and control of organizational resources.
 
Design/Methodology/Approach:  The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative analysis, while data collection techniques are carried out through interviews and observation.
 
Findings: From the results of the study it was concluded that this PKBM planning can be said to be effective because all programs are well planned and efficient without any problems. The organization of PKBM management so far has been well structured. This can be seen from the division of work management, the distribution of tutor expertise, the existence of each resident study group and scheduling which is also well structured. In this case, the organizing field is also very effective. The implementation of the management carried out at PKBM went according to the initial plan. However, there is only one obstacle that often occurs in learning residents who are often absent during class time, but this has been followed up by the head of PKBM by reminding them of the importance of knowledge. Supervision of PKBM management based on PKBM supervision standards is very effective, it is written that each PKBM must carry out supervisory activities. This has been carried out by PKBM Chairmen who always carry out routine supervision at the beginning, middle and end of the program. At the evaluation stage of PKBM management, it can be seen that almost all of the planned programs can be said to be successful. The evaluation stage is also included in the very effective criteria. This can be seen from the various results obtained. However, the PKBM management only has to fix some of the problems that have occurred, and improve the programs that still have to be maintained in accordance with existing management standards.
 
Research, Practical & Social implications: PKBM institutions need to carry out the latest innovations to improve the quality and progress of PKBM it self
 
Originality/Value:  This research was conducted by developing previous research and producing original data.
Agents, ideas and microprocesses: What happens in the early stage of a public service reform?
Authors:   , Coote Rosalind
Published: September 2023

This thesis explores the question ‘What happens in the early stage of administrative culture reform?’ by examining an exemplar of this type of reform in the New Zealand public service. Reforms of administrative culture are frequently proposed in Westminster democracies like New Zealand, Australia, and the UK. However, public administration has yet to attach much importance to what occurs at macro, meso and micro levels while administrative culture reform is occurring. Top-down, ex-post perspectives obscure what agents do in the ‘time lag between talk and change’, leading to a blind spot in our practical knowledge of reform. A constructionist methodological approach is used to capture an exemplar of administrative reform in the New Zealand public service focused on the idea of stewardship, using a nested case study. Interviews and documents are analysed using Vivien Schmidt’s Discursive Institutional analysis framework to provide insight into unfolding reform through the realised stewardship meaning and practice. The research question is answered by using a framework resulting from synthesis of the case findings and scholarship on reform and change in other contexts. In the early stage of administrative culture reform, agents drive five interacting dynamics for collective action with the aim of solving issues in local contexts by adapting or adding practice. The thesis concludes that agents modify reform ideas after they are introduced and take up reform ideas to address issues within their own context, not necessarily the wider reform problem. The framework in the thesis provides insight into why administrative culture reform take-up is patchy and varies from what was intended. The thesis makes four contributions: a theory-based conceptual framework of early-stage administrative culture reform dynamics; a novel research strategy for capturing context, ideas, and practice changes in a ‘live’ reform for further analysis, it fills a gap in the literature around formation of stewardship practice, and captures stewardship reform in New Zealand at the time when it was new and unfolding.
Rediscovering the Meaning of Man and the World——Reading McDowell’s Mind and World
Authors: Wang Zelin
Published: September 2023

Mind and World was compiled based on McDowell’s lectures and divided into six chapters. Each chapter is independent of each other. This article assumes that McDowell wants to explain this core theme in these six chapters. Breaking the original isolation between people and the world (mind and world) through “meaning,” allowing the two to reconnect in “meaning.” This “meaning” originates from human subjective consciousness, but its carrier is the world object. Therefore, the world’s objectivity constitutes the carrier and content of the formality of meaning, and human subjective consciousness adds the meaningful form of will to the world’s objects. Because of the existence of “meaning,” the relationship between people and the world is no longer divided into “subject-object” and “form-content” but is spliced into one through the thread of “meaning.” This article attempts to summarize the logical thread of McDowell’s entire book around how McDowell returns “meaning” by overcoming methodological dualities.
Professional education of officers: modern trends
Authors: Lopoukha T. L. , Sorokoumova S. N.
Published: September 2023

Introduction. The professional education of Russian officers has always been of particular importance in ensuring its security and sovereignty. During the periods of the highest military victories and successes, it was based on national ideas and values, folk and military traditions. The beginning of their modern revival in our country provides a unique opportunity for the development of a full-fledged institute of professional education, conducting its activities on a scientific pedagogical basis.

Materials and Methods. In the course of this study, the methodological foundations were system, socio-cultural and axiological approaches.

The key concepts studied and used in the work are "professional education", its "ideological and value foundations", "modern trends in education", "traditions and innovations in education".

Results. Professional education of officers in higher military educational institutions is understood by us as a systematic and planned activity of the state, society, military administration bodies for the training of highly professional military specialists, patriots of the Fatherland, carried out by pedagogical methods and means.

Ideology plays a special role in education, which gives students an attractive image of the future, and values, the internalization of which ensures the formation of professionally necessary qualities in cadets and students.

As revealed in the course of the study (5 monographs have been prepared on the problem, 4 of which are collective, and 16 articles in the journals of the RSCI and the Higher Attestation Commission of the Russian Federation), corporate (officer) traditions play a special role in professional education.

The result of the effectiveness of professional education based on the ideas and values of Russian officers in the Novosibirsk VVKU is the readiness of graduates to defend the Fatherland. In the post– Soviet period, thousands of graduates were awarded state awards, 26 of them were awarded the title of "Hero of the Russian Federation", including 7 for participation in a Special military operation.

Discussion and Conclusions. The professional education of cadets and students of military universities is successfully carried out on the idea of patriotism and national Russian values, approved by Decree No 809 of 9.11.2022.

Its current trends are:

– the formation of a nationally-oriented value-ideological basis;

– return to the ideas of collective education that meet the ethnic traditions of the peoples of Russia;

– balanced use of traditional and innovative forms and methods of education;

– pedagogization of modern professional education, rejection of excessive use of manipulative technologies, priority use of persuasion and example methods by teachers.