bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MON-320 Inter-Rater Reliability of T2 MRI Intensity of Somatotroph Adenomas; Endocrinologists vs. Neuroradiologist Pilot Study
Authors: Varlamov Elena V , Hinojosa-Amaya José Miguel , Ting Dawn Lim Shao , Fleseriu Maria , Prola Joao
Published: May 2020

Background MRI T2 hypointensity of growth hormone (GH) secreting pituitary adenomas (PA) has been associated with better biochemical response to somatostatin receptor ligands and has been suggested to be useful in selecting patients with expected favorable response for pre- and post-surgery medical therapy. However, in most imaging centers, T2 intensity measurement is not part of standard neuroradiologist (NR) reporting. Objective To assess whether endocrinologists (Es) can reliably measure PA T2 signal intensity by calculating inter-rater reliability between Es and NR. Methods Retrospective review of MRI in 20 patients with pituitary somatotroph macroadenoma randomly selected from an IRB-approved PA database who had preoperative MRI available. T2 MRI intensity of the solid portion of the PA was compared to the temporal gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM): hypo- (PA< WM), hyper- (PA> GM), and isointense (WM <PA <GM). Measurements were performed separately by a NR and by two Es trained to take measurements by the same NR. Statistics: SPSS 25; Cohen kappa (κ). Results Patient mean age was 47 ± 20 years, with 12 females; mean largest PA diameter was 22.6 mm (range 11-45 mm). NR measured 12 hyper-, 7 iso- and 1 hypo-intense PA. Agreement was moderate between NR and E#1 (κ 0.72, 95%CI 0.751-1.0, p<0.001) and NR and E#2 (κ 0.638, 95%CI 0.351-0976, p<0.001) and strong between E#1 and E#2 (κ=0.90, 95%CI 0.309-0.903, p=0.001). Hypointense PA (by NR) was read by both Es as isointense. One hyperintense PA (by NR) was read by both Es as isointense. One isointense PA was read by E#2 as hypointense. Overall adenomas were; 9 densely granulated GH, 5 sparsely granulated GH, 3 mixed GH and prolactin, 1 plurihormonal, 1 not classified, and 1 no surgical intervention. Discussion Inter-rater reliability between the 2 Es was strong, however, it was moderate between each E and the NR. Factors that likely contributed to difference in measurement are heterogeneity of the PA, MRI quality, selection bias in choosing “most appropriate” site to measure intensity of adenoma, gray and white matter. Es could be trained to interpret the T2 intensity, although reliability with NR is only moderate. Interestingly, in this sample majority of T2 PA were hyperintense, but densely granulated, suggesting that preoperative identification of densely granulated tumors, which are also predictive of favorable SRL response, might be limited. More studies are needed to assess T2 correlation with pathology. Conclusion As T2 intensity (hyper-, hypo- or iso-) on MRI might be predictive of biochemical response to medical therapy in some patients with PA, we recommend T2 intensity to be part of neuroradiology reporting protocol. Our pilot study showed that endocrinologists could read MRIs after adequate training, but there is only moderate correlation with neuroradiologists.
SAT-104 Unraveling the Connection Between Cortisol and Pediatric Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
Authors: Hoyos-Martinez Alfonso , Horne Vincent , Wood Alexis C , Shah Veeral
Published: May 2020

Background: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a condition of elevated intracranial pressure without identifiable secondary causes. The childhood incidence is 0.7 per 100,000 and increases with age, obesity, and female gender. Few case reports in the literature, and our own experience, suggest there may be an association between IIH and adrenal insufficiency (AI) but the real extent is unknown. Aim: To describe the prevalence of AI in children presenting with IIH to a large pediatric referral center. Methods: Retrospective chart review identified all children who presented with IHH and had cortisol measured between January 2010 and September 2019. Based on morning, random or 1 mcg ACTH stimulated cortisol levels, adrenal functioning was classified as: (1) deficient (peak cortisol <16 μg/dl, AM cortisol <5 μg/dl), (2) at risk (peak cortisol 16 - 20 μg/dl, AM cortisol 5 - 13 μg/dl or random < 13 μg/dl), or (3) sufficient (peak cortisol >20 μg/dl, AM or random cortisol >13 μg/dl). Descriptive data present mean (+/- standard deviation), and chi-squared (χ 2) tests of differences are used to examine differences between the adrenal functioning groups. Results: Participants (N=64) were 40.6% male, of mixed ancestry (61% non-Hispanic white; 19% African-American, 16% Hispanic White and 5% Asian), with a mean age of 10.8 (4.8) years. Cortisol levels were obtained at an average of 0.6 (1.9) years after diagnosis of IIH; 23% and 52% of patients had insufficient or at risk cortisol levels. The majority of those in the insufficient (70%) or at risk (80%) groups were exposed to topical, nasal or inhaled corticosteroids, but not systemic. Only 60% and 12 % of those with IIH and insufficient or at risk cortisol testing, respectively, underwent definitive testing with a stimulation test. Adrenal function did not differ by age, race/ethnicity, zBMI, nor prolong exposure to steroids (> 2 weeks), time between IIH diagnosis and cortisol testing (all P>.05). Those in the deficient group were less likely to be female (33%) than those in the at risk (61%; χ 2=3.07, df=1, P=.001) or sufficient (81%; χ 2=7.30, df=1, P<.001) groups. Those with AI were more likely to have history of asthma (53%; vs: 18% at risk and 12% normal; both P>.05) Conclusions: Steroid use and AI are common in IIH and need consideration as a cause of IIH development. Appropriate diagnosis and treatment of AI in children who present with IIH may lead to its resolution, significantly impacting clinical outcomes of these children. In our cohort, the majority had AI or at risk cortisol levels, and many did not undergo further testing. All young children who present with IIH should be evaluated for steroid exposure, including non-systemic steroids, and undergo evaluation for AI. Caution should be utilized in pediatric providers prescribing these medications. More prospective studies are required to evaluate the effects of steroid use in relation to IIH development.
OR26-06 Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Trial for the Improvement of Metabolism (FMT-TRIM): A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Pilot Trial
Authors: Yu Elaine Wei-Yin , Liu Gao , Stastka Petr , Cheney Michael Chadwick , Mahabamunuge Jasmin , Soto Mariam Torres , Ford Christopher B , Bryant Jessica A , Henn Matthew R , Hohmann Elizabeth L
Published: May 2020

Background: There is intense interest about the therapeutic potential of altering gut microbiota to improve metabolism, based primarily on intriguing animal studies. One prior trial of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in obese men found that improved metabolic response after FMT was predicted by low baseline microbiome diversity. In the current trial, we investigated the safety and efficacy of weekly oral FMT capsules to improve glycemic outcomes in obese adults, and also explored determinants of successful microbiome engraftment and metabolic improvement after FMT.

Methods: FMT-TRIM was a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled pilot trial of weekly oral FMT vs placebo capsules for 6 weeks in 24 obese adults with mild-moderate insulin resistance. Each participant in the FMT arm received capsules derived from one of 4 metabolically healthy lean donors (BMI 18.5-23 kg/m2). The primary outcome was change in insulin sensitivity assessed by hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp at 0 and 6 weeks. Secondary outcomes included body weight, metabolic labs, and body composition assessed by DXA over 12 weeks. 16SV4 rRNA sequencing was performed to assess microbiome composition and engraftment. Post-hoc exploratory analyses investigated metabolic outcomes after stratification by baseline microbiome diversity.

Results: FMT and placebo groups were well balanced in terms of age (mean±SD 40±9 yrs), BMI (40±6 kg/m2), sex (72% female), and baseline metabolic measures. During the study, there were no statistically significant differences in insulin sensitivity between the FMT and placebo groups (+5 ± 12% FMT vs -3 ± 32% placebo, mean percent difference 9%, 95% CI -5% to 28%; p=0.16). There was a minor improvement in HbA1c at 12 weeks after FMT as compared to placebo (mean difference -0.1, 95% CI -0.3-0.01), but no significant differences in other metabolic labs, body weight, or body composition. Microbial engraftment varied by donor but was present in most FMT recipients, with persistence of engrafting strains throughout the 12-week study. Subgroup analyses of subjects with low microbiome diversity at baseline (FMT n=4, placebo n=7) showed a relative benefit of FMT over placebo at 12 weeks for HbA1c (mean difference -0.2, 95% CI -0.4 to -0.01), total cholesterol (-22 mg/dL, 95% CI -40 to -4 mg/dL), and fasting glucose (-10 mg/dL, 95% CI -19 to -1 mg/dL). There were no significant differences in adverse events between FMT and placebo groups.

Conclusion: Weekly administration of FMT capsules results in gut microbiota engraftment for at least 12 weeks but does not meaningfully alter human metabolism in an unselected population of obese adults. Future studies are needed to elucidate the role of baseline recipient microbial diversity and other factors on the impact of FMT.
The Self-Erasing Word
Authors: LeMahieu Michael
Published: May 2020

Don DeLillo’s early novels explore the relationship between formal logic and literary form. In End Zone, DeLillo uses tautology as a linguistic tactic of diminishment to advance a larger aesthetic strategy of repleteness. The novel says less to show more. As a result, End Zone, like many of DeLillo’s other early novels, frequently represents states of silence and unspeakability. DeLillo’s early fiction shares these concerns with Ludwig Wittgenstein’s early philosophy, particularly the remarks on tautology, silence, and the limits of language in Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus. In their conclusions, End Zone and the Tractatus analogously seek to undo themselves to overcome the inherent limitations of logic and language.
Afterword
Authors: Henderson Andrea
Published: May 2020

This essay reminds readers of the nineteenth-century origins of the disciplinary divide between scientific, formal-theoretical knowledge on the one hand and particularizing, creaturely knowledge on the other, arguing that we literary critics have tended to reify this divide even when we have sought to be more “scientific” in our methods. Logic falls on the far side of this divide; because we typically regard it as a consummately scientific and formalized practice, we presume that it is antithetical to our own. The essays in this collection amply demonstrate that this is not the case, and that logic can and has been set in a productive dialogue with both literature and literary criticism. Indeed, during the nineteenth century itself, disciplinary and methodological distinctions, although under construction, had not yet calcified, and so prompted self-conscious explorations of method rather than dictating its norms. Citing the extraordinary methodological flexibility of Victorian scientists and writers Lewis Carroll and James Clerk Maxwell, this essay reminds us that our relation to science and theoretical abstraction need not be a zero-sum game.
Speculation
Authors: Bhattacharyya Debjani
Published: May 2020

From the beginning of the twentieth century, new urban housing forms, including social housing, land pooling, and building syndicates, began to emerge as products of housing rights and labor movements. Yet this emergence cannot simply be accounted for by a history of workers' rights and housing movements but must also take into consideration the political economy of land and housing created by new forms of real estate speculation. This article situates the history of urban speculation and the new fiduciary innovations pertaining to urban land and housing markets within the scholarship on the development of architectural and town-planning theories during the early decades of the twentieth century. Focusing on Calcutta and Bombay—two central cities of the British Empire—as case studies, I will trace the history of how the housing market became a tradeable object of speculation through colonial policies that disentangled housing from its singular history and abstracted it out of its nonmonetizable attachments. Indeed, it is by understanding how the land and housing market became a site for future investments and ultimately was structured through new social relations and values following World War I that we might get a fuller understanding of how we arrived at our contemporary “residential capitalism” and landscapes of accumulation and homelessness.
DECISÃO MULTICRITÉRIO DE SOFTWARE PARA ANÁLISE ECONOMÉTRICA
Authors: Serra Costa José Fabiano Da , Moreira Ana Paula Alves , Arruda Fernanda Helena Xavier de , Torquato Marina Christina De Melo
Published: May 2020

DOI: 10.12957/cadest.2019.50420 Esse artigo apresenta uma utilização de metodologia multicritério, especificamente do método de análise hierárquica (AHP) para escolha do software mais adequado para uma empresa de porte médio que atua no mercado financeiro, para análise econométrica na área de pesquisa e estudo macroeconômico. São definidos alternativas, critérios e especialistas e, apresentados o modelo desenvolvido com os respectivos resultados e a análise de consistência, que apontaram o software matlab como o mais adequado.Palavras-chaves: AHP; Software Econométrico; Decisão Multicritério.
Design Phase Delay Control for Soft Starting 3 Phase Induction Motor
Authors: Widarsono Kukuh
Published: May 2020

Induction Motor is one type of electric machine that is widely used both in household consumers and industrial players. However, induction motors have drawbacks, namely starting currents that can reach 5-7 times the nominal current, of course this can lead to reduced life time of other electrical equipment and the possibility of shutdown or trip is very large. This research proposes a new modeling to create a soft starting system to reduce the 3 phase induction motor start current. This system was built with the help of a Phase Delay Control power electronics circuit with the main component, Triac, which functions to regulate the input voltage of a 3 phase induction motor and a contactor whose function is to move the 3 phase induction motor power supply from the soft starting system to the PLN source directly if, The input voltage is the same as the nominal voltage. The output of these processes is the Triac ignition angle, so during the starting process, the induction motor will receive an input voltage in stages from the smallest to reach its nominal voltage. Thus the results of testing the soft starting system that is designed to have a maximum current value at the start of 2.45 A or 77.58% lower than the start current using the DOL method with a value of 10.93 A at no-load conditions and 7.41 A or 34.19% lower than the motor starting current with the DOL method with a value of 11.31 A when the motor is loaded.
Antiemetics: types, actions and uses
Authors: Dulay Mansimran S , Dulay Jasbir S
Published: May 2020

Nausea and vomiting are common symptoms in the hospital setting, with numerous causes. Common precipitants leading to or complicating inpatient hospital admissions include nausea and vomiting secondary to drugs, gastrointestinal disturbances, metabolic aberrancies, and vestibular pathologies. Appropriate selection and prescribing of antiemetic drugs is therefore important for healthcare professionals. There are numerous antiemetics available to physicians, ranging from muscarinic, dopaminergic and serotoninergic drugs, each acting on a different part of the nausea–vomiting cascade. This review describes the main pathophysiological processes involved in the development of symptomatic nausea and vomiting, and gives an overview of how common antiemetic drugs function to alleviate symptoms, alongside cautions and contraindications in their usage.
Cattle Review
Authors: Barrett David C
Published: May 2020

Introduction:

In this Cattle Review we consider publications on the effects of dry cow therapy on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in calves, the risk of Mycoplasma bovis transmission through colostrum and the effect of providing very young calves with water on their developing microbiome.
Ultra-fast all-optical 2-to-4 decoder based on a photonic crystal structure
Authors: Maleki M. J. , Soroosh M. , Mir A.
Published: May 2020

In this paper, a photonic crystal structure based on nonlinear cavities has been proposed to improve the time response of a 2-to-4 decoder. The structure includes an array of chalcogenide rods with an air gap in which the spatial period of rods is 500 nm. The radius of the fundamental rods is assumed to be 125 nm, which results in a photonic bandgap of 1092–1724 nm at TM mode. Three cavities, including the nonlinear rods with a Kerr coefficient of

10

−
14

m

2

/

W

, drop the incoming waves concerning the amount of optical intensity. The finite-difference time-domain method was used to calculate the components of the electric and magnetic fields throughout the structure. The time analysis of the device shows the rise time is equal to 200 fs, which is less than one for the previous structures. The area of

110

µ

m

2

and the margins of 4% and 88% for logics 0 and 1 are other advantages of the proposed structure. Based on the obtained results, it was proven that the performance of the 2-to-4 photonic crystal-based decoder has been improved by this work.
Enabling high repetition rate nonlinear THz science with a kilowatt-class sub-100 fs laser source
Authors: Kramer Patrick L. , Windeler Matthew K. R. , Mecseki Katalin , Champenois Elio G. , Hoffmann Matthias C. , Tavella Franz
Published: May 2020

Manipulating the atomic and electronic structure of matter with strong terahertz (THz) fields while probing the response with ultrafast pulses at x-ray free electron lasers (FELs) has offered unique insights into a multitude of physical phenomena in solid state and atomic physics. Recent upgrades of x-ray FEL facilities are pushing to much higher repetition rates, enabling unprecedented signal-to-noise ratio for pump probe experiments. This requires the development of suitable THz pump sources that are able to deliver intense pulses at compatible repetition rates. Here we present a high-power laser-driven THz source based on optical rectification in LiNbO3 using tilted pulse front pumping. Our source is driven by a kilowatt-level Yb:YAG amplifier system operating at 100 kHz repetition rate and employing nonlinear spectral broadening and recompression to achieve sub-100 fs pulses with pulse energies up to 7 mJ that are necessary for high THz conversion efficiency and peak field strength. We demonstrate a maximum of 144 mW average THz power (1.44 μJ pulse energy), consisting of single-cycle pulses centered at 0.6 THz with a peak electric field strength exceeding 150 kV/cm. These high field pulses open up a range of possibilities for nonlinear time-resolved THz experiments at unprecedented rates.
Polarimetric imaging in backscattering for the structural characterization of strongly scattering birefringent fibrous media
Authors: Jain Arushi , Maurya Anjani K. , Ulrich Leonie , Jaeger Michael , Rossi René M. , Neels Antonia , Schucht Philippe , Dommann Alex , Frenz Martin , Akarçay H. Günhan
Published: May 2020

Interpreting the polarimetric data from fiber-like macromolecules constitutive of tissue can be difficult due to strong scattering. In this study, we probed the superficial layers of fibrous tissue models (membranes consisting of nanofibers) displaying varying degrees of alignment. To better understand the manifestation of membranes’ degree of alignment in polarimetry, we analyzed the spatial variations of the backscattered light’s Stokes vectors as a function of the orientation of the probing beam’s linear polarization. The degree of linear polarization reflects the uniaxially birefringent behavior of the membranes. The rotational (a-)symmetry of the backscattered light’s degree of linear polarization provides a measure of the membranes’ degree of alignment.
Optimal polarimeter structures for estimating polarization degree, angle, and ellipticity in the presence of additive noise
Authors: Goudail François , Dai Jun
Published: May 2020

In polarimetry, it is well known that measurement matrices based on spherical 2 designs optimize Stokes vector estimation in the presence of additive noise. We investigate the optimal matrices for estimation of the degree of polarization (DOP), the angle of polarization (AOP), and the ellipticity (EOP), which are nonlinear functions of the Stokes vector. We demonstrate that spherical 2 designs also optimize DOP and EOP estimation, but not AOP estimation, for which optimal structures consist of linear analyzers forming a regular polygon on the equator of the Poincaré sphere.
Distributed sparse signal sensing based on compressive sensing OFDR
Authors: Qu Shuai , Qin Zengguang , Xu Yanping , Liu Zhaojun , Cong Zhenhua , Wang Heng , Li Zhao
Published: May 2020

The maximum detectable vibration frequency of an optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) system is limited by the tunable rate of the laser source. Unlike uniform sampling with the time-resolved method, the sampling frequency is randomly modulated so that the vibration signal applied on the interrogation fiber is sampled by a multi-frequency sub-Nyquist sampling method and reconstructed by the compressive sensing technique. First, we give a full treatment to prove that the proposed method has the same performance as the conventional method. Second, in a further proof-of-concept experiment, the measurable frequency of a sparse signal is achieved up to 200 Hz with a sweeping rate of 40 nm/s. This method can recover the vibration signal with sampling rates less than that required by the Nyquist sampling theory, which is a significant step toward a high-performance OFDR system, especially for evaluating the intrinsic frequency of the object’s structural condition.
Turismo pedagógico ou Atividade pedagógica pelo turismo? O binômio “turismo pedagógico”: concepções de turismo e pressupostos epistemológico-pedagógicos subjacentes
Authors: De Lima Francielle , Cappellano Dos Santos Marcia Maria , Köche Jose Carlos
Published: May 2020

Este artigo, resultado de pesquisa de cunho exploratório bibliográfico, tem como objeto de estudo o conceito de Turismo Pedagógico (TP) depreendido de artigos publicados em periódicos científicos brasileiros e/ou apresentados em eventos científicos consolidados na área do Turismo, no período de 2005 a 2017. Com uma abordagem hermenêutica, focaliza relações conceituais que emergem da análise desse binômio, considerando o fato de «turismo» configurar-se como termo nuclear da expressão. Busca assim responder à questão: Na adjetivação do turismo como pedagógico, que concepções de turismo e que pressupostos epistemológico-pedagógicos estariam aí subjacentes? A análise textual leva a uma discussão conceitual sobre a própria denominação da atividade no âmbito escolar, trazendo à reflexão, na relação binomial, o caráter contingencial do pedagógico ou este como característica substantiva do turismo.
Sociología del turismo. Antonio Álvarez Sousa, Alejandro Mantecón e Inmaculada Puertas-Cañaveral.
Authors: García-Ramos Agustín
Published: May 2020

Reseña de: Sociología del turismo. Antonio Álvarez Sousa, Alejandro Mantecón e Inmaculada Puertas-Cañaveral. Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas, Madrid. 328 pp. ISBN (papel): 978-84-7476-811-4 ‒ ISBN (electrónico): 978-84-7476-812-1
Indicadores Financeiros e Governança Corporativa de Companhias Brasileiras
Authors: Silva Breno Augusto de Oliveira , Krauter Elizabeth
Published: May 2020

Em mercados caracterizados por assimetria informacional e conflitos de agência em diferentes níveis, boas práticas de governança corporativa tornam-se essenciais na tentativa de minimizar os impactos das restrições financeiras e propiciar às empresas maior acesso a recursos externos com custos menores. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar se alguns indicadores financeiros convencionais das empresas listadas nos principais segmentos da B3 (Novo Mercado, Nível 2, Nível 1 e Tradicional) suportam o status de governança atribuído a elas pelo respectivo segmento, de modo a efetivamente classificá-las como mais ou menos restritas financeiramente. Para isso, um painel de dados de uma amostra de 266 companhias abertas brasileiras, durante o período de 2009 a 2014, foi analisado por meio de testes de hipóteses. Os resultados demonstraram que empresas pertencentes a algum nível diferenciado de governança corporativa (Novo Mercado, Nível 2 e Nível 1) apresentaram, para todos os indicadores, valores significativamente maiores do que aquelas listadas no segmento Tradicional. Dentre os níveis diferenciados de governança corporativa, o Novo Mercado foi o que mais se diferenciou do segmento Tradicional, apresentando valores significativamente maiores para todos os indicadores financeiros. A situação econômico-financeira mais sólida e favorável das empresas com práticas diferenciadas de governança corporativa, analisadas no presente estudo, parece respaldar seu status de governança, identificando-as como mais seguras a novos investimentos externos e, portanto, menos restritas financeiramente.
Diagnóstico parasitológico y molecular de Ehrlichia canis en perros de la ciudad de Concordia, Entre Ríos, Argentina
Authors: SÁNCHEZ Ricardo Oscar , BAZZANO Valentín , FELIX María Laura , ARMÚA-FERNÁNDEZ María Teresita , VENZAL José Manuel
Published: May 2020

El objetivo del siguiente trabajo fue confirmar la presencia de Ehrlichia canis por diagnóstico molecular, a partir de muestras de perros con diagnósticos presuntivos, oriundos de la ciudad de Concordia, provincia de Entre Ríos. ADN fue extraído de 14 muestras de sangre de perros con diagnóstico presuntivo de EMC. Para la detección de ADN de E. canis se amplificó un fragmento del gen dsb, específico de este género, y su confirmación específica se realizó mediante secuenciación. Doce de las 14 muestras mostraron bandas del tamaño esperado. Las secuencias obtenidas mostraron un 98-100% de identidad con secuencias registradas en GenBank para E. canis. Además, se amplificó un fragmento del gen ARNr 16S mitocondrial de garrapatas obtenidas de un perro positivo. Las secuencias demostraron que corresponden a R. sanguineus sensu stricto (linaje templado). En este estudio se confirma la presencia de E. canis en la ciudad de Concordia, Entre Ríos, resultando en una alerta para los médicos veterinarios de la región, a fin de incentivar estrategias de prevención de la enfermedad y control del vector.
Book review: Virginia Costa, Modern Metals in Cultural Heritage, understanding and characterization, Getty Conservation Institute, Los Angeles, 2019, 136 p.
Authors: Tissot Isabel
Published: May 2020

The conservation of modern metals–such as aluminium, stainless, and weathering steels–used as materials of contemporary works of art is a major challenge for
conservators and curators. The recent application of these metals, in use since the beginning of the nineteenth century, makes for the lack of conservative measurements and conservation programs on such materials. In order to achieve this, a detailed identification, characterisation of the fabrication techniques, and the study of these metals’ deterioration is required. In her book, Virginia Costa embraces the hard challenge of bridging this gap.
INFORMATION AVOIDANCE BEHAVIOR REGARDING HOAXES INDICATORS
Authors: Godwin Raymond , Chairunnisa Fanny , Fitri Rani Agias
Published: May 2020

Hoaxes have become a common phenomenon in Indonesia. The Indonesian Telematics Society Survey shows that even though Indonesian people understand the way in recognizing hoaxes, they Indonesia are not sure of being able to immediately recognize hoaxes. Based on previous studies, there are two reasons that lead to lack of the assuredness, namely, the idleness in using thinking skills and ignorance of hoax indicators in the news they read. This study aims to find the correlation between avoidance behavior toward information that can indicate hoax, critical skill, and individual perception of easiness in obtaining the information regarding hoaxes. Information Avoidance Scale and the Critical Skill dimensions of the Digital Literacy Scale were adapted to Bahasa Indonesia to measure the tendency of information avoidance and critical skills. Whereas an instrument to measure the perception of the easiness to obtain information was constructed independently. The results indicate that critical skills and perceptions of the easiness to obtain information have a negative correlation with the tendency to avoid information. However, because the correlation is poor, critical skills and perceptions of the easiness to obtain information do not adequately explain a person's tendency to avoid information that can help him to recognize hoaxes.
ATTRIBUTION ERROR TO THE VICTIM IN DOMESTIC VIOLENCE: A CONTEMPLATION OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE OBSERVER
Authors: Irwan Geby Chyntia , Margaretha Margaretha
Published: May 2020

This study aims to determine the attitudes toward the violence, conducted by a husband to wife, focus on victim-blaming. In this study, the effect of demographic factors on the violence and victim-blaming was also analyzed. The respondents of this study were 458 college students aged 18 to 32 years. Two measuring instruments were used, namely: IBWB (Inventory of Beliefs about Wife Beating) and DVBS (Domestic Violence Blame Scale). The data was analyzed using stepwise regression, and the result shows a relationship between attitudes about violence against wife and victim-blaming (r=-.41, p<.001). Independent t-test of ANOVA shows the higher level of bias of gender role on the male as female. ANOVA and independent t test show that men have a higher level of gender role bias, but there is no significant difference in marital status or religion in blaming the victim. Stepwise regression analysis showed R2 = .03 for the gender variable, and R2 = .20. The R2 = .20 is a contribution from two variables, namely husband’s violent attitude to wife and gender. This can lead to the victim blaming in a domestic violence case. The implications of the findings are also discussed.
Understanding context specificity: the effect of contextual factors on clinical reasoning
Authors: Konopasky Abigail , Artino Anthony R. , Battista Alexis , Ohmer Megan , Hemmer Paul A. , Torre Dario , Ramani Divya , van Merrienboer Jeroen , Teunissen Pim W. , McBee Elexis , Ratcliffe Temple , Durning Steven J.
Published: May 2020

Background

Situated cognition theory argues that thinking is inextricably situated in a context. In clinical reasoning, this can lead to context specificity: a physician arriving at two different diagnoses for two patients with the same symptoms, findings, and diagnosis but different contextual factors (something beyond case content potentially influencing reasoning). This paper experimentally investigates the presence of and mechanisms behind context specificity by measuring differences in clinical reasoning performance in cases with and without contextual factors.

Methods

An experimental study was conducted in 2018–2019 with 39 resident and attending physicians in internal medicine. Participants viewed two outpatient clinic video cases (unstable angina and diabetes mellitus), one with distracting contextual factors and one without. After viewing each case, participants responded to six open-ended diagnostic items (e.g. problem list, leading diagnosis) and rated their cognitive load.

Results

Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) results revealed significant differences in angina case performance with and without contextual factors [Pillai’s trace = 0.72, F = 12.4, df =(6, 29), p < 0.001,

η
p
2

=
0.72

$\eta _{\rm p}^2 = 0.72$

], with follow-up univariate analyses indicating that participants performed statistically significantly worse in cases with contextual factors on five of six items. There were no significant differences in diabetes cases between conditions. There was no statistically significant difference in cognitive load between conditions.

Conclusions

Using typical presentations of common diagnoses, and contextual factors typical for clinical practice, we provide ecologically valid evidence for the theoretically predicted negative effects of context specificity (i.e. for the angina case), with large effect sizes, offering insight into the persistence of diagnostic error.
Training With Weightlifting Derivatives: The Effects of Force and Velocity Overload Stimuli
Authors: Suchomel Timothy J. , McKeever Shana M. , Comfort Paul
Published: May 2020

Suchomel, TJ, McKeever, SM, and Comfort, P. Training with weightlifting derivatives: The effects of force and velocity overload stimuli. J Strength Cond Res 34(7): 1808–1818, 2020—The purposes of this study were to compare the training effects of weightlifting movements performed with (CATCH) or without (PULL) the catch phase of clean derivatives performed at the same relative loads or training without the catch phase using a force- and velocity-specific overload stimulus (OL) on isometric and dynamic performance tasks. Twenty-seven resistance-trained men completed 10 weeks of training as part of the CATCH, PULL, or OL group. The CATCH group trained using weightlifting catching derivatives, while the PULL and OL groups used biomechanically similar pulling derivatives. The CATCH and PULL groups were prescribed the same relative loads, while the OL group was prescribed force- and velocity-specific loading that was exercise and phase specific. Preintervention and postintervention isometric midthigh pull (IMTP), relative one repetition maximum power clean (1RM PC), 10-, 20-, and 30-m sprint, and 505 change of direction on the right (505R) and left (505L) leg were examined. Statistically significant differences in preintervention to postintervention percent change were present for relative IMTP peak force, 10-, 20-, and 30-m sprints, and 505L (all p < 0.03), but not for relative 1RM PC or 505R (p > 0.05). The OL group produced the greatest improvements in each of the examined characteristics compared with the CATCH and PULL groups with generally moderate to large practical effects being present. Using a force- and velocity-specific overload stimulus with weightlifting pulling derivatives may produce superior adaptations in relative strength, sprint speed, and change of direction compared with submaximally loaded weightlifting catching and pulling derivatives.
INVESTIGATION OF SOME QUALITY PARAMETERS OF PICKLED PEPPER PRODUCED BY LOW VALUE DAIRY BY-PRODUCTS
Authors: GÜNEŞ Recep , ÇETİN Bayram
Published: May 2020

In this study, traditional pickled pepper was produced in 3 different formulations by using whey cheese and cheese crumbs, which are obtained as a by-product in the cheese-making process. In the scope of the study, the microbiological, chemical and sensory properties were examined during the 5 months of storage period. The initial E. coli contents of the samples were determined as 3.71, 2.73, 4.72 log cfu/g respectively and it was not detected in any of the group at the end of the 21st day. The 2nd group was the most acceptable in terms of taste (5.9-6.6), smell (6.2-6.6) and visual appearance (6.3-6.7) for 4 months. It was observed that there was no change in the chemical parameters of all groups that could negatively affect consumption during the storage period. As a result of the study, it was shown that a high value-added product can be produced by using dairy by-products.
Religio-politics of Islamic Group in the Contestation of 2019 Indonesian Presidential Election
Authors: Winarni Leni , Agussalim Dafri , Bagir Zainal Abidin
Published: May 2020

In spite of the fact that Islamic identity politics is not a new theme in Indonesia, this phenomenon is increasing in the public sphere after the 1998 reform. This is marked by the frequent use of religious issues in the political contestations such as the 2017 DKI Jakarta Gubernatorial election and the 2019 Presidential election. In the DKI election, certain Islamic groups demanded Basuki Tjahaya Purnama, who from the double minority group, as a subject due to blasphemy issue. However, in 2019 Presidential election which Joko Widodo and Prabowo Subianto rematched for the second candidacy, religious issues were also raising. Political contestation continued despite the fact that the two presidential candidates are Muslim. This interesting fact certainly raises the question of the phenomenon of national politics which leads not only to the strengthening of Islamic identity politics but also the identity politicsbetween Islamic groups in Indonesia. Based on field studies, literatures and interviews, this study will discuss the construction process of the identity politics of Islamic groups against social and political reality nowadays, moreover in the 2019 Presidential Election. In contrast to the other researches that still focuses on why identity politics arises, this research will examine the construction process, moreover in the 2019 Presidential election.
Strengthening Multistakeholder Integrated through Shared Responsibility in the face of Cyber Attacks Threat
Authors: Mahira Dararida Fandra , Rohmahwatin Dwi Suci , Suciningtyas Nabila Dian
Published: May 2020

The development of the Internet can increase the threat to the country's roughness in cyberspace. Cybersecurity is required as protection of virtual worlds from hazard sources. Cyber defense is also required as a form of an effort to maintain cybersecurity or cyberspace. The development of Internet technology is a new challenge for defense and security strategy that must be owned by the country. Based on these facts and issues, Indonesia needs an integrated and synergistic cyber-resistance system to realize national resilience and security in the face of cyber attack threats. This research uses the normative juridical method. This research is expected to improve the cyber resistance system in Indonesia.
Handling Covid-19 Related to Regional Security According to ASEAN Political-Security Community
Authors: Calvin Calvin
Published: May 2020

INDONESIAN

 

Hadirnya COVID-19 menyebabkan kerugian yang sangat besar dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara. Salah satu aspek yang dimaksud adalah aspek keamanan negara, terutama di ASEAN. Hingga kini, belum ditemukan vaksin yang dapat sepenuhnya menyembuhkan COVID-19. Sehingga, tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui apa saja upaya penanganan yang telah dilakukan oleh negara-negara di kawasan Asia Tenggara dalam aspek keamanan negara, dan untuk mengetahui upaya yang dilakukan menurut ASEAN Political-Security Community. Peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis-normatif yang meneliti peraturan perundang-undangan, sumber hukum internasional, doktrin, literatur, dan media lainnya. Berdasarkan dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, anggota ASEAN telah mengeluarkan berbagai kebijakan dalam upaya penanganan COVID-19 seperti: travel ban, social distancing/ physical distancing, dan lockdown. Selain itu, upaya penanganan yang telah dilakukan oleh ASEAN Political-Security Community bersifat soft law.  Maka, diperlukannya itikad baik dan pengedepanan prinsip penanganan bersama dari anggota ASEAN dalam menjalankan isi dari pertemuan tersebut.

ENGLISH

The presence of COVID-19, caused enourmous losses to the society and nation in various aspects of life. One aspect which is meant is state security especially in ASEAN. Speaking of the present, no antidote has been completely found to cure COVID-19. This paper is made to find out what effort has been done by South East Asia countries in the aspect of state security, and to find out what effort has been done by ASEAN Political-Security Community. The author uses juridical-normative research method, which the author did the research based on national and international instruments of law, doctrines, literature and other medias. Based on the research results, ASEAN members  has issued various policies in purpose to deal with COVID-19 such as: travel ban, social distancing/ physical distancing, and lockdown. Furthermore, all efforts made by ASEAN Political-Security Community are categorized as soft law. Therefore, it requires good faith and prioritizing the principle of shared responsibility from the members in order to carrying out the contents of the meeting.
Legal Analysis Of Human Trafficking Case As A Transnational Organized Crime That Is Threatening State Security
Authors: Prasetya Yuda
Published: May 2020

Human trafficking is a form of transnational crime. One of the cases that occurred in 2019 was the torture of one of the Female Workers even being made a sexual gratification is one proof of the cruelty of human trafficking. Several Conventions have been held to prevent human trafficking. The UN in 2000 issued the Palermo Protocol on Preventing, Eradicating and Punishing Trafficking in Persons. The perpetrators of human trafficking have violated human rights because of exploitation. The Government of Indonesia issued The Act Number 21 of 2007 concerning the Eradication of the Criminal Act of Trafficking in Persons as an action to prevent trafficking in persons. Efforts to protect victims are also carried out by protecting, helping to resolve victims' problems and repatriating victims.
Las acciones educativas en la clase de educación física a la luz de las orientaciones pedagógicas del MEN
Authors: Riaño Casalla Wilson Yesid , Naranjo Barreto Diana Carolina , López Domínguez Sonia , Martín Reyes Alfonso
Published: May 2020

El presente artículo hace parte de los resultados de la investigación Caracterización de la Educación Física en perspectiva disciplinar y pedagógica, la cual tuvo por objetivo identificar las particularidades del quehacer educativo de la educación física como asignatura escolar en algunas instituciones formales de Bogotá. Desde un enfoque cualitativo descriptivo, se presenta la categoría de análisis correspondiente a la dimensión normativa la cual se moderó por las Competencias Específicas propuestas por el Documento No. 15 del Ministerio de Educación Nacional. Como parte de los resultados más relevantes, se evidencia que el quehacer educativo escolar del área está centralizado en torno a acciones correspondientes con la competencia motriz, descuidando las posibilidades que motivan las otras dos competencias. Se constata cómo esta asignatura, pese a que ha centralizado su quehacer en una sola dimensión, puede reorientar su incidencia educativa a partir del reconocimiento de los estudiantes como seres activos en su tejido social, conscientes de su constitución como singularidad corporal y con capacidad de decisión sobre la construcción como sujetos, disposiciones que se insinúan y pueden ser motivadas a partir del reconocimiento y la acción mancomunada de las competencias educativas.
Correlación: fuerza de tronco y composición corporal de hombres Bogotá
Authors: Uscategui Ciendua Alix Johana , Rodríguez Peña Jaime Orlando , Gutiérrez Galvis Adriana Rocio
Published: May 2020

La investigación estableció la correlación entre las variables de fuerza de tronco en flexión y la composición corporal en hombres de Bogotá, el estudio fue realizado en el laboratorio de investigación del Centro de Formación en Actividad Física y Cultura SENA, donde participaron voluntariamente 41 hombres con edades comprendidas entre 18 y 30 años (m= 23.44 + 5.81), con enfoque cuantitativo, de alcance descriptivo, transversal de alcance correlacional. La evaluación de la composición corporal se aplico el método de análisis de impedancia bioélectrica (BIA), con la báscula TANITA Fit Scan BC-585F y la valoración de  la fuerza abdominal se utilizó el equipo de laboratorio Torso Check (Moreau, Green, Johnson & Moreau, 2001); el análisis estadístico se utilizo el software SPSS® (versión 24.0 IBM para Windows), la prueba de distribución normal Kolmogorov Smirnov. Se empleó la prueba de correlación de Pearson para establecer las relaciones entre las variables del estudio. Se fijó el nivel de significancia de p < 0,05. Los resultados obtenidos indican que existe una correlación negativa moderada evidenciada entre el % de masa grasa y la fuerza de flexión del tronco, indicando que a mayor % graso menor fuerza abdominal en flexión. Se recomienda incluir en los programas de ejercicios enfocados en el fortalecimiento del Core.
Análisis de la práctica de graficación en estudiantes de ingeniería en un contexto de laboratorio de física
Authors: Garza-Kanagusico Arianna Berenice , Zaldívar-Rojas José David , Quiroz-Rivera Samantha , Rodríguez-García Carlos Eduardo
Published: May 2020

El objetivo principal de esta investigación es caracterizar la práctica de graficación en estudiantes del primer semestre de Ingeniería Física dentro de situaciones experimentales en un contexto de laboratorio. Para ello se utiliza una metodología etnográfica en la toma de datos y se integra a esta investigación un marco de referencia que considera a la graficación como una práctica social. Para el análisis se hace uso de cinco componentes en ambientes científicos: inquietudes en desarrollo, prácticas estándar, recursos materiales, recursos lingüísticos y rupturas. La intención es dar cuenta de los enfrentamientos, dificultades y participación de un grupo de 44 alumnos de primer semestre en Ingeniería Física, en la práctica social de graficación, mientras construyen e interpretan gráficas cartesianas. Por tanto, se presenta una síntesis de los resultados obtenidos y se logra mostrar una categorización de los componentes de la graficación durante la práctica experimental, y se asume que dicha categorización permitió caracterizar algunas dificultades que presentan los estudiantes en la interpretación y construcción de gráficas cartesianas.
Affine differential geometry of osculating hypersurfaces
Authors: Navickis Kazimieras
Published: May 2020

Osculating surfaces of second order have been studied in classical affine differential geometry [1].  In this article we generalize this notion to osculating hypersurfaces of higher order of hypersurfaces in Euclidean n-space. Various geometric interpretations are given. This yields a affinely invariant consideration of the local properties of a given hypersurface which depend on the derivatives of higher order.
Power approximation of the transmission disequilibrium test
Authors: Germanas Šarūnas , Jakaitienė Audronė
Published: May 2020

In this paper we apply Poisson distribution in order to approximate the power of the Transmission Disequilibrium Test (TDT). In this research we calculated the power of the TDT for different values of sample size n and different values of allele transmission frequencies p. The research showed that Poisson approximation have smaller errors than Normal approximation when the power is between 0.8 and 0.95 and sample size m is equal or bigger than 50.
Mathematical modelling of biosensors with substrate and product degeneration
Authors: Stonkienė Liana , Ivanauskas Feliksas
Published: May 2020

This paper presents a one-dimensional-in-space mathematical model of the amperometric biosensors with substrate and product degeneration. The model is based on diffusion equations containing a non-linear term related to Michaelis-Menten kinetics of the enzymatic reactions. It was analyzed effect of substrate and product degeneration for the biosensors response.
Possibilities of using Mensa puzzles in teaching the gifted
Authors: Elijio Aistė , Abelytė Lina
Published: May 2020

The article investigates possibilities to use Mensa puzzles in education of gifted children. Mensa – largest and probably the most famous international organisation of people with high IQ, that includes people of various races, beliefs, age and social background, who pass a special test. In the article, we explore how the puzzles developed by the organization could be applied both working with the students that are gifted in mathematics, and making the usual math lessons at school more interesting.