bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tools for financing local economic development of local communities
Authors: Fedorenko Tetiana
Published: September 2024

The study examined the specific features of using the instruments of financing the economic development of territorial communities on the example of Ukraine. Economic and statistical analysis methods were used to process the data, including the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for comparing growth trends. The study identified the most common sources and tools for financing the economic development of local communities, in particular tax revenues, grants, loans, public-private partnerships. The financial instruments of local economic development in the UK, Denmark, and Slovenia were analysed, focusing on their flexibility, adaptability, and efficiency. The importance of integrating the best practices of these countries into the strategic financial management of territorial communities of Ukraine is substantiated. Specific recommendations for implementing successful international experience are proposed. It is recommended that Ukraine introduce monitoring and control systems similar to the British ones to ensure strict control over local budget expenditures, which is important for the stability and transparency of financial governance; consolidate or redistribute competencies in favour of larger communities, increase the share of local taxes, and introduce financial equalisation mechanisms to reduce financial inequality and ensure equal opportunities for all communities, as the Danish experience has shown. According to the Slovenian experience, it is necessary to develop clear standards for the provision of services, create independent supervisory authorities to monitor the effectiveness of local budgets, introduce fiscal decentralisation, and increase the share of local taxes to increase the autonomy of local authorities and reduce the disparity in the level of services between regions. The results obtained emphasised the importance of using an integrated and integrative approach to the development and management of financing tools for the local economic development of territorial communities. The practical significance of the study’s findings is manifested in the provision of specific recommendations on the use of various financing instruments, such as local guarantees, municipal bonds, and loans from international financial institutions and grants from international donors. These recommendations can help determine investment priorities and improve investment planning and management processes, which is important for the development of territorial communities
Electronization of the Healthcare Sector and Its Responsibility in Relation to IT and AI
Authors:   Department of Public Administration, Police Academy of the Czech Republic, Jonáková Tereza
Published: September 2024

The modern phenomenon of electronization and digitalization of the contemporary information society affects many areas of human life, and produces, mainly due to the unclear construction of legal liability in relation to AI and its activities, many relevant questions. If AI and the activities and services linked to it is to be responsible to society, they should, above all, be fair, accountable, transparent, confidential and secure to their users, not only with legal implications, but also with moral and ethical ones, all with the aim of mitigating technical and technological risks while maintaining the guarantee of fundamental human rights and freedoms.
EMPOWERING WOMEN FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: (ANALYSIS OF POLICIES AND PRACTICES IN DEVELOPING NATIONS)
Authors:   University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Poonam Poonam , Sharma Chandani ,   S.S Jain Subodh P.G Autonomous College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Published: September 2024

This research paper investigates the multifaceted Relation between Empowered women and Sustainable Development in developing nations. Through a comparative analysis of policies and practices across various countries, the study aims to elucidate the ways in which empowering women contributes to the attainment of sustainable development goals. Drawing on a diverse range of literature and empirical evidence, the paper examines the impact of women's empowerment on key areas such as economic growth, environmental sustainability, social equity, and community resilience. Additionally, the paper explores the challenges and opportunities associated with implementing women-centric policies and initiatives in different cultural, political, and socioeconomic contexts. By synthesizing insights from case studies and statistical data, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of the pivotal role that women play in driving sustainable development agendas worldwide.
Ankle injury treatment and rehabilitation training in basketball option class
Authors: Feng Ruirui , Zhou Zhen
Published: September 2024

Ankle injuries in basketball elective classes are one of the most critical sports injuries in basketball activities. This paper analyzes ankle injuries in basketball from the perspectives of biomechanics and human anatomy, investigates their specific causes, implements emergency treatment, and proposes scientific and effective methods for the rehabilitation training of ankle injuries, in order to better serve college students who are basketball enthusiasts.
SocPen Beyond Ten: A Process Evaluation of DSWD’s SocPen Program amid the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Albert Jose Ramon , Monje Jennifer , Muñoz Mika
Published: September 2024

Since 2011, the government, through the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD), has been implementing the Social Pension (SocPen) Program for Indigent Senior Citizens. SocPen gives a noncontributory monthly pension of PHP 500 to qualified seniors (i.e., indigent Filipinos aged 60 and above). Budget allocation for the SocPen has increased exponentially over the years with a budget of PHP 23.4 billion in 2021 (from an initial budget of PHP 8.71 billion at program inception). With this 2,540-percent jump in budget within 10 years, the 2021 physical target has also expanded to help 3,835,066 senior citizens identified by the Listahanan. The 2020 physical target for SocPen is nearly two-fifths (37.8%) of the country’s senior citizens. This study describes SocPen’s design and current implementation processes in the wake of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and attempts to increase beneficiaries' financial assistance and coverage. It also investigates the recent experience of DSWD with the Social Amelioration Program. While the program is well-intentioned and welcomed by seniors, and despite the improvements taken in response to criticisms of several external evaluations, implementation deficits persist. These issues need to be addressed, especially as the SocPen is one of the government’s largest social protection programs and can potentially impact the lives of elderly indigent beneficiaries significantly.
Reassessing the Impact of the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program: Results of the Third Wave Impact Evaluation
Authors: Orbeta Aniceto , Melad Kris Ann , Araos Nina Victoria
Published: September 2024

The Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program is the government’s primary social protection strategy to break intergenerational poverty by supporting poor households and investing in children’s health and education. Previous impact evaluations demonstrated the program’s success in keeping children healthy and in school. This third impact evaluation seeks to reevaluate the program’s impact on short-term and intermediate outcomes related to health, education, household welfare, and other sociobehavioral domains. The evaluation employs regression discontinuity design to compare the program’s impact on treatment households (Pantawid beneficiaries) and comparison households (non-Pantawid beneficiaries) within specific bandwidths of distance from the poverty threshold that determines program eligibility. Results indicate that the program still positively impacts most of the target education and health outcomes of children and pregnant women. In addition, the program positively impacts household welfare, community participation, awareness of basic means to mitigate vulnerabilities, and children’s grit or determination. However, some results are inconsistent with previous evaluations, such as the negative impact on some nutrition outcomes, maternal healthcare service usage variations, and an insignificant reduction in child labor incidence. The study recommends improving program monitoring, strengthening enforcement of health conditions, and further researching the factors driving some of the unexpected results. It also suggests adjusting program policies or incentives, particularly in terms of reevaluating the cash grant value and using the program’s positive impacts on the behavior of children and adults as a model for other interventions.
CHANGES IN SECONDARY STRUCTURE OF PROTEIN IN SKELETAL MUSCLE DUE TO HIGH-CARBOHYDRATE OR HIGH-FAT DIETS
Authors: Ezer Özer Nazlı , Doğan Mollaoğlu Ayça
Published: September 2024

Objective: Obesity, which arises from changes in lifestyle and feeding habits, is a threat to human health. One essential contributor to the increase in obesity rates is the popularity of high-calorie diets. This study aims to investigate high-fat (HFD) and high-carbohydrate (HCD) diet-induced molecular changes in protein secondary structure in longissimus dorsi skeletal muscle tissues of female inbred C57BL/6J mice by utilizing Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy.
Materials and Methods: Mice were fed a control diet, HCD, or HFD for 24 weeks. Their skeletal muscle tissues were collected, and their spectra were recorded using a Bruker Invenio S ATR-FTIR spectrometer in the 4000-400 cm-1 region.
Results: The protein secondary structure profiles of the HCD group demonstrated a significant rise in antiparallel β-sheet and β-turn and a decline in parallel β-sheets together with the insignificant increase in aggregated β-sheets and a decrease in α-helix. The impact of an HFD on protein conformation is less pronounced than HCD. The HFD diet led to an increase in antiparallel β-sheets and a decrease in parallel β-sheets. Although it was not significant, an increase was observed in β-turn and α-helix.
Conclusion: These results propose the appearance of protein aggregation and/or formation of protein-protein intermolecular interaction in skeletal muscle tissues of female inbred C57BL/6J mice. Collectively, these data suggest that both high-calorie diets impair secondary structures of protein in skeletal muscle that may affect its metabolic function.
SAÚDE MENTAL: OS IMPACTOS DAS REDES SOCIAIS NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DOS JOVENS BRASILEIROS
Authors: Rodrigues Diego Brasiliense Holanda Pinto , Araújo e Oliveira João Felipe Emerenciano Massud , Valença Gabriel Antônio Tavares , de Oliveira Marcelo Ferreira Pinto Mattos
Published: September 2024

O artigo aborda a influência das redes sociais no desenvolvimento da saúde mental dos jovens, com foco nos impactos causados pelo uso excessivo dessas plataformas. O objetivo central é identificar como o comportamento digital afeta o bem-estar psicológico, emocional e social dessa população, levando em consideração fatores como ansiedade, depressão e autoestima. O estudo visa compreender as correlações entre o tempo de exposição, os conteúdos consumidos e o desenvolvimento de transtornos mentais. Os resultados revelam que o uso desregulado das redes sociais pode amplificar questões emocionais, especialmente em jovens que já apresentam vulnerabilidades pré-existentes. Conclui-se que é necessário o desenvolvimento de estratégias de conscientização e regulação do uso de redes sociais para mitigar os efeitos adversos e promover um ambiente digital mais saudável para os jovens.
Einblicke in Zürichs Bibliothekswesen und Gelehrtenkultur in der Frühen Neuzeit
Authors: Häfner Yvonne
Published: September 2024

Zurich has repeatedly been described as a city of a particular reading culture. The medieval monastic libraries of the city preserved a great number of precious books. The richness and diversity of this cultural heritage was decimated in 1524/1525, when in the course of the implementation of the Reformation great numbers of Roman catholic books, in particular liturgical texts, were destroyed. After Ulrich Zwingli’s death in 1531, the reformer Heinrich Bullinger (1504–1575) and the Franciscan scholar Conrad Pellikan (1478–1556) began to reorganize the Grossmünster library. The book collection of this new library, which was connected to the Latin school at the Grossmünster, contained remnants of the old Zurich monasteries as well as many books from the library of Ulrich Zwingli. Later on, the Grossmünster library served as a base for Conrad Gessner (1516–1565), who published his influential “Bibliotheca universalis” in Zurich in 1545. By the beginning of the seventeenth century, despite the considerable importance of the Grossmünster library for professors and students of the so called “Schola Tigurina”, this book collection did no longer satisfy the intellectual needs of the younger generation of students. Hence, in 1629, four young citizens of Zurich founded the city-library (Stadtbibliothek), located in the “Wasserkirche”, a church on asmall island in the River Limmat. This library grew rapidly. Within these walls the “Collegia”, the first Enlightenment societies in German-speaking Europe, originated in the seventeenth and the early eighteenth-century.
Rudolf Gamper, Joachim Vadian 1483/84–1551. Humanist, Arzt, Reformator, Politiker, 2017
Authors: Heimbucher Martin
Published: September 2024

No abstract available.
125. Jahresbericht des Zwinglivereins über das Jahr 2021
Authors: N.N.
Published: September 2024

No abstract available.
Samuel Lutz, Ulrich Zwinglis Spiritualität, 2018
Authors: Kunz Ralph
Published: September 2024

No abstract available.
Heinrich Bullinger: Tigurinerchronik, 2018
Authors: Leu Urs B.
Published: September 2024

No abstract available.
Using Artificial Intelligence in Medical Research: Some Examples
Using Tai Chi and Qigong
Authors: W.McGee Robert
Published: September 2024

This study illustrates how artificial intelligence can be used to conduct basic medical research. Microsoft Copilot was the chatbot used to conduct the study. The study searched for examples where either tai chi or qigong have been used to treat cancer patients. The study was successful, in that all the items found were to good, professional studies that were published in medical journals. A similar methodology can be used to conduct medical research on a wide range of other medical subspecialties. Thus, the present study can be used as a template for conducting medical research on a wide range of diseases and ailments.
Strawberry Gallbladder: A Distinctive Type of Cholesterolosis, Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Termos S  , Alrashidi M  , Alrushaidan S  , Alqudeimat Y  , MSB AlBader , Almojil K  , AM Alkhalil
Published: September 2024

Strawberry gallbladder is a benign medical condition that refers to the surface appearance of the gallbladder mucosa. It occurs due to precipitations of lipids and macrophages in the lamina propria of the gallbladder wall. We report the case of a 44-year-old female patient who presented to the emergency department with few days history of biliary colic. Investigations showed elevated AST, ALT and hypercholesteremia. Ultrasound abdomen demonstrated a mild fatty liver and multiple GB polyps. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed. Histopathologic features were consistent with diffuse cholesterolosis. Strawberry gallbladder is a distinctive type of cholecystosis. It is caused by irreversible alteration in the anatomic and morphologic aspects of the gallbladder lining. This entity is usually identified after surgery. Symptomatic patients with cholesterolosis will benefit from cholecystectomy.
Upaya Preventif Pelecehan Seksual di Media Sosial melalui Peran Cybersecurity sebagai Upaya Penjaminan HAM di Era Digital
Authors: Fikriya Makhyatul , Novia N Santi , , Muslim M. Gildan
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini memfokuskan pada Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) dalam era digital, khususnya Hak Digital atau digital right, yang mencakup hak warga negara untuk menggunakan media digital, termasuk kebebasan berekspresi dan perlindungan dari kekerasan digital. Artikel menyoroti peningkatan kasus kekerasan siber berbasis gender, terutama pelecehan seksual di media sosial.Metode penelitian menggunakan literatur/kepustakaan, mengumpulkan informasi dari buku, jurnal, internet, dan literatur terkait. Pembahasan mencakup pelaksanaan dan penjaminan HAM di era digital serta upaya preventif pelecehan seksual di media sosial. Dalam konteks regulasi, penelitian menyoroti Undang-Undang Nomor 39 Tahun 1999 tentang HAM, Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2022 tentang Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual (TPKS), dan Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik (ITE). Artikel mengeksplorasi upaya preventif, terutama peran cybersecurity, untuk menjamin HAM di era digital.Upaya preventif menitikberatkan pada cybersecurity, melibatkan perlindungan data pribadi dan keamanan siber. Literasi digital juga disoroti sebagai faktor penting untuk meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat terhadap keamanan digital. Hasil penelitian menegaskan perlunya upaya preventif, termasuk keamanan siber dan peningkatan literasi digital, guna mengurangi kasus kekerasan seksual online di media sosial.
La Calidad de la Participación Ciudadana bajo Examen: Un estudio de caso de la Mesa de Concertación para la Lucha contra la Pobreza de Cajamarca 2013-2014
Authors: Vasquez Castillo Yeison
Published: September 2024

Desde 2001, la participación ciudadana en Perú se ha institucionalizado para superar la crisis política de los años 90 y recuperar la confianza en el Estado. Sin embargo, el sistema político sigue en crisis con altos índices de desaprobación y desconfianza frente a las instituciones del Estado. Este estudio analiza la calidad de la participación en la “Mesa de Concertación para la Lucha Contra la Pobreza” (MCLCP) en Cajamarca (2013-2014). Los resultados muestran que la mayoría de los representantes son designados y no elegidos democráticamente. Aunque el 64% de representantes transmite información, sólo el 37% construye propuestas concertadas. Hay un consenso básico entre los participantes, pero a veces se recurre a la votación. No obstante, a pesar de su débil influencia, la MCLCP tiene objetivos claros y acepta los límites del proceso sin desanimarse.
CRISPR-Cas9 Mediated Gene Correction of CFTR Mutations in Cystic Fibrosis: Evaluating Efficacy, Safety, and Long-Term Outcomes in Patient-Derived Lung Organoids
Authors: DÖLARSLAN Melda
Published: September 2024

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder caused by mutations in the *CFTR* gene, leading to severe respiratory and digestive problems. Current therapies including AAV gene therapy, small molecule modifiers, and RNA-based therapies only partially restore *CFTR* function, leaving a need for more effective therapies The aim of this review is to address CRISPR-1. Cas9-mediated genetic correction in patient derived lung organoids Efficacy, safety and long-term outcomes are evaluated as a novel strategy for CF therapy. Our goal was to achieve high gene editing efficiency, restore *CFTR* function to near normal levels, and evaluate the safety of this approach by monitoring off-target effects CRISPR-Cas9 achieved 75% average gene editing efficiency, with recovery of *CFTR* function up to 85%, AAV gene therapy (35% efficiency, 50). % Functional restoration), small molecule modulators (60% functional restoration), and... RNA-based therapy (57% functional restoration). Off-target effects were small, observed at 0.5%, confirming the accuracy of CRISPR-Cas9 in correcting *CFTR* mutations. The use of patient-derived lung organoids proved important for modeling the ailment and trying out healing interventions, providing excessive personalization ability and the cap potential to reveal long-time period stability. The look at concludes that CRISPR-Cas9, while carried out to patient-derived lung organoids, represents a promising development withinside the remedy of Cystic Fibrosis, providing advanced efficacy and personalization as compared to present methods. However, the excessive fee and moral concerns related to CRISPR-Cas9 necessitate similarly studies to optimize its utility and make sure its protection in medical settings.
Good Omens: New Services, Accurate Research Data
Authors: Raboin Regina Fisher
Published: September 2024

Research data management and data curation need strong relationships with colleagues, collaborators, and researchers. Because change comes fast, assessment of current services and practices are important so that new paths and initiatives can be developed. Creating strong metadata will support the FAIR Principles and provide a more equitable and accessible path to data.
Exercices de théorie littéraire et théorie de
l’Intertexte
Authors: Gac Roberto
Published: September 2024

S’inspirant
sans doute de la Comtesse de Ségur, Sophie Rabau, maîtresse de
conférences à la Sorbonne Nouvelle (et nouvelle romancière, auteure
d’Embrasser Maria, [2022]), s’est donné la peine de rédiger à
l’intention de ses jeunes élèves, espiègles et désobéissants, un manuel
très strict d’exercices de théorie littéraire… valable aussi pour tout
romancier.
LA FUSION DES HORIZONS DE LA RELIGION ET DE LA MÉTAPHYSIQUE
Authors: Grondin Jean
Published: September 2024

Il ne fait aucun doute que la conception que l’on se fait aujourd’hui de la religion, comme d’une foi (pistis) en un Dieu transcendant, est fortement marquée par la métaphysique dans le creuset de laquelle ont été développées des notions comme celles de pistis et d’une réalité transcendante, éternelle et spirituelle, donc non sensible. On peut dire de cette conception qu’elle vient du platonisme. Il y a ainsi eu – historiquement, conceptuellement et dans la religion telle qu’elle se comprend souvent elle-même – une fusion des horizons de la religion et de la métaphysique. Est-ce que cette fusion est heureuse ou malheureuse ? Doit-elle être surmontée ? Peut-elle l’être ? Laisse-t-elle de côté des aspects essentiels de la religion qui seraient étrangers à la métaphysique ? Cet essai aimerait aborder, à grands traits pour le bien de la discussion, ces grandes questions en rappelant quelques distinctions élémentaires que l’on peut faire entre la religion et la métaphysique et les raisons de leur fusion historique.
APORIAS OF THE MODERN METAPHYSICAL CRITICISM OF RELIGION IN LEO STRAUSS’S EARLY INTERPRETATION OF SPINOZA’S THEOLOGICO-POLITICAL TREATISE
Authors: Ciccarelli Pierpaolo
Published: September 2024

In this paper I first (§ 2) examine the metacriticism of modern critique of religion that Strauss formulates in his first book on Spinoza (1930). According to this early interpretation by Strauss, Spinoza undertakes a metaphysical critique of religion in order to confute the ontological possibility of divine revelation (or ‘miracle thesis’). Spinoza’s attempt, however, ends in an aporia: the ultimate presupposition underlying belief in revelation remains irrefutable. In the § 3 I examine a text published by Strauss shortly afterwards (1935), in which I detect a self-critique of his earlier meta-criticism of modern critique of religion. Strauss become aware here that his own understanding of Spinoza’s aporia is itself aporetic. It is in this aporia, in my view, that we must look for the key to understanding what Strauss would call retrospectively (1962) his own ‘change of orientation’ and, consequently, his discovery of ‘philosophical exotericism.’
CE QUE RELIGION ET METAPHYSIQUE SE DONNENT L’UNE À L’AUTRE
Authors: Canullo Carla
Published: September 2024

La religion et la philosophie se sont toujours rencontrées et contaminées. Les philosophes ont parlé de cette rencontre de différentes manières depuis Platon et Aristote. Une forme déterminée de religion, le christianisme, a rencontré la philosophie en tant que métaphysique et a trouvé dans cette forme philosophique les moyens de sa diffusion culturelle. Dans mon article, je soutiens que la religion et la métaphysique se sont beaucoup apporté l’une à l’autre, en particulier en ce qui concerne les sujets à aborder. Parmi ces thèmes, à partir de l’événement de l’incarnation et de la croix, je développe la question du temps en tant que spirale que ces deux événements génèrent. Le but de cet article est d’analyser 1) ce premier moment où la philosophie comme métaphysique a commencé à penser ce qu’elle a découvert grâce à la religion ; 2) la nouvelle conception de temporalité qu’elle permet de concevoir.
Multifaceted
Authors: Fundaro Daniela
Published: September 2024

This poem reflects on the author's experience of wearing different "hats" or roles in their life - as an artist, a teacher, and a combination of the two. While they find fulfillment in their artistic pursuits and personal introspection, their role as a teacher comes with bureaucratic responsibilities that can be overwhelming. However, they see the value in combining their artistic and teaching skills to inspire their students and create a sense of community. The poem ultimately highlights the importance of self-reflection and how our experiences and interactions with others shape our identity.
Savoir-faire des viticulteurs francophones de la péninsule du Niagara
Authors: Pomarès Hélène
Published: September 2024

Depuis des décennies, plusieurs viticulteurs francophones ont choisi de s’installer dans la région de Niagara. En effet, cette région bénéficie d’un microclimat propice à la culture de la vigne. Ces viticulteurs passionnés constituent une richesse humaine et multiculturelle d’une grande valeur patrimoniale. Or, très peu d’études ont été publiées concernant leur capacité d’adaptation et de transmission de leurs savoir-faire en milieu minoritaire. Pourtant, ces professionnels francophones ont dû surmonter plusieurs défis afin de pouvoir transmettre leur savoir-faire. Qu’ont-ils fait concrètement en termes d’adaptation et de passation des acquis? Les objectifs de cette recherche de terrain visent donc à : 1) recenser et analyser plusieurs retours d’expérience au moyen d’entrevues semi-dirigées 2) apporter des pistes de solution que pourraient adopter la relève. Ceci permet de comprendre les enjeux et les défis qu’ont dû relever ces viticulteurs francophones afin d’assurer la pérennisation de leur savoir-faire pour les années à venir.
Prevalence and risk factors of cosmetic-induced adverse events: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kumari Sweta , Atem Tambe Daniel , Chaudhary Vaibhav , Sahu Sanjeev Kumar , Pal Biplab
Published: September 2024

Cosmetic usage has seen a significant surge globally, driven by the desire for aesthetic enhancement. However, with this increased usage, there is a rising concern regarding adverse events associated with cosmetic products. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of cosmetic-induced adverse events. The identification of primary studies was carried out using databases such as PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Included were studies published in English reporting the prevalence of adverse events due to various cosmetic products. Quality assessment was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist, and data extraction from primary studies utilized a standard template. Analysis was carried out using R software applying a random effects model with a 95% confidence interval. To assess determinants of cosmetic-induced adverse events, data were extracted from studies reporting adjusted odds ratios, with statistical significance observed. Out of the initially identified 1,306 unique citations, 23 articles met the inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of cosmetic-induced adverse events was found to be 41.1% (95% CI: 31.7; 51.1), with significant heterogeneity (I2 = 99%; p = 0). Subgroup analysis based on region revealed the highest prevalence in Africa (53.6%), followed by South America (38.0%), Asia (35.0%), and Europe (33.4%). Students exhibited a higher prevalence (51.1%) compared to the general population (36.8%). Sensitivity analysis confirmed the stability of the pooled prevalence. Egger’s test showed the presence of publication bias (p = 0.0414). The study highlighted a concerning prevalence of cosmetic-induced adverse events. The findings advocate for global cosmetovigilance, regulatory enhancements, and consumer awareness to ensure safer cosmetic usage.
Diversity of chemistry, activities, and depths zone of new compounds isolated from marine-sediment fungi
Authors: Safwan Safwan , Aini Siti Rahmatul , Ridwan Sucilawaty , Pradiningsih Anna , Pratiwi Eskarani Tri , Wahid Abdul Rahman
Published: September 2024

Marine sediments are one of the great habitats of microbial and awareness about their diversity and purpose is relatively limited. One of the major and ubiquitous members of marine sediments-inhabiting microorganisms is fungi. Marine-sediment fungi are an important source of metabolites in drug discovery for promise as therapeutic agents. Marine-sediment fungi lean to yield structurally typical and biologically active secondary metabolites which have been recorded in current years. The fungi from marine sediment habitats have increased interest and appear an important part of drug discovery. The fungi from marine sediment have been found at depths ranging from rom the shallowest (less than 200 meters) to the deepest or abyssopelagic zone (4,000 – 6,000 meters). Fungi growth in extreme environments at depths more than 1,000 meters produces typical natural products for entrenchment and communication, which promise as therapeutic agents. This review report focusing on the diversity of structures and activity of new compounds isolated marine-sediment fungi at depths ranging, covering the literature from 2017 to 2022.
Fat body-derived cytokine Upd2 controls disciplined migration of tracheal stem cells in Drosophila
Authors: Dong Pengzhen , Li Yue , Wang Yuying , Zhao Qiang , Lu Tianfeng , Chen Jian , Guo Tianyu , Ma Jun , Yang Bing , Wu Honggang , Huang Hai
Published: September 2024

Coordinated activation and directional migration of adult stem cells are essential for maintaining tissue homeostasis.
Drosophila
tracheal progenitors are adult stem cells that migrate posteriorly along the dorsal trunk to replenish degenerating branches that disperse the FGF mitogen. However, it is currently unknown how the overall anterior-to-posterior directionality of such migration is controlled. Here we show that individual progenitor cells migrate together in a concerted, disciplined manner, a behavior that is dependent on the neighboring fat body. We identify the fat body-derived cytokine, Upd2, in targeting and inducing JAK/STAT signaling in tracheal progenitors to maintain their directional migration. Perturbation of either Upd2 production in fat body or JAK/STAT signaling in trachea causes aberrant bidirectional migration of tracheal progenitors. We show that JAK/STAT signaling promotes the expression of genes involved in planar cell polarity leading to asymmetric localization of Fat in progenitor cells. We provide evidence that Upd2 transport requires Rab5- and Rab7-mediated endocytic sorting and Lbm-dependent vesicle trafficking. Our study thus uncovers an inter-organ communication in the control of disciplined migration of tracheal progenitor cells, a process that requires vesicular trafficking of fat body-derived cytokine Upd2 and JAK/STAT signaling-mediated activation of PCP genes.
Fat body-derived cytokine Upd2 controls disciplined migration of tracheal stem cells in Drosophila
Authors: Dong Pengzhen , Li Yue , Wang Yuying , Zhao Qiang , Lu Tianfeng , Guo Tianyu , Ma Jun , Yang Bing , Wu Honggang , Huang Hai
Published: September 2024

Coordinated activation and directional migration of adult stem cells are essential for maintaining tissue homeostasis.
Drosophila
tracheal progenitors are adult stem cells that migrate posteriorly along the dorsal trunk to replenish degenerating branches that disperse the FGF mitogen. However, it is currently unknown how the overall anterior-to-posterior directionality of such migration is controlled. Here we show that individual progenitor cells migrate together in a concerted, disciplined manner, a behavior that is dependent on the neighboring fat body. We identify the fat body-derived cytokine, Upd2, in targeting and inducing JAK/STAT signaling in tracheal progenitors to maintain their directional migration. Perturbation of either Upd2 production in fat body or JAK/STAT signaling in trachea causes aberrant bidirectional migration of tracheal progenitors. We show that JAK/STAT signaling promotes the expression of genes involved in planar cell polarity leading to asymmetric localization of Fat in progenitor cells. We provide evidence that Upd2 transport requires Rab5- and Rab7-mediated endocytic sorting and Lbm-dependent vesicle trafficking. Our study thus uncovers an inter-organ communication in the control of disciplined migration of tracheal progenitor cells, a process that requires vesicular trafficking of fat body-derived cytokine Upd2 and JAK/STAT signaling-mediated activation of PCP genes.
When and why does motor preparation arise in recurrent neural network models of motor control?
Authors: Schimel Marine , Kao Ta-Chu , Hennequin Guillaume
Published: September 2024

During delayed ballistic reaches, motor areas consistently display movement-specific activity patterns prior to movement onset. It is unclear why these patterns arise: while they have been proposed to seed an initial neural state from which the movement unfolds, recent experiments have uncovered the presence and necessity of ongoing inputs during movement, which may lessen the need for careful initialization. Here, we modeled the motor cortex as an input-driven dynamical system, and we asked what the optimal way to control this system to perform fast delayed reaches is. We find that delay-period inputs consistently arise in an optimally controlled model of M1. By studying a variety of network architectures, we could dissect and predict the situations in which it is beneficial for a network to prepare. Finally, we show that optimal input-driven control of neural dynamics gives rise to multiple phases of preparation during reach sequences, providing a novel explanation for experimentally observed features of monkey M1 activity in double reaching.
Foothold selection during locomotion in uneven terrain: Results from the integration of eye tracking, motion capture, and photogrammetry
Authors: Muller Karl S , Panfili Dan , Shields Stephanie , Matthis Jonathan S , Bonnen Kathryn , Hayhoe Mary M
Published: September 2024

Relatively little is known about the way vision is used to guide locomotion in the natural world. What visual features are used to choose paths in natural complex terrain? To answer this question, we measured eye and body movements while participants walked in natural outdoor environments. We incorporated measurements of the 3D terrain structure into our analyses and reconstructed the terrain along the walker’s path, applying photogrammetry techniques to the eyetracker’s scene camera videos. Combining these reconstructions with the walker’s body movements, we demonstrate that walkers take terrain structure into account when selecting paths through an environment. We find that they change direction to avoid taking steeper steps that involve large height changes, instead of choosing more circuitous, relatively flat paths. Our data suggest walkers plan the location of individual footholds and plan ahead to select flatter paths. These results provide evidence that locomotor behavior in natural environments is controlled by decision mechanisms that account for multiple factors, including sensory and motor information, costs, and path planning.
Identification of pharmacological inducers of a reversible hypometabolic state for whole organ preservation
Authors: Sperry Megan M , Charrez Berenice , Fotowat Haleh , Gardner Erica , Pilobello Kanoelani , Izadifar Zohreh , Lin Tiffany , Kuelker Abigail , Kaki Sahith , Lewandowski Michael , Lightbown Shanda , Martinez Ramses , Marquez Susan , Moore Joel , Plaza-Oliver Maria , Sesay Adama M , Shcherbina Kostyantyn , Sheehan Katherine , Takeda Takako , Del Campo Daniela , Andrijauskaite Kristina , Cisneros Exal , Lopez Riley , Cano Isabella , Maxwell Zachary , Jessop Israel , Veraza Rafa , Bunegin Leon , Percival Thomas J , Yracheta Jaclyn , Pena Jorge J , Wood Diandra M , Homas Zachary T , Hinshaw Cody J , Cox-Hinshaw Jennifer , Parry Olivia G , Sleeter Justin J , Weitzel Erik K , Levin Michael , Super Michael , Novak Richard , Ingber Donald E
Published: September 2024

Drugs that induce reversible slowing of metabolic and physiological processes would have great value for organ preservation, especially for organs with high susceptibility to hypoxia-reperfusion injury, such as the heart. Using whole-organism screening of metabolism, mobility, and development in Xenopus, we identified an existing drug, SNC80, that rapidly and reversibly slows biochemical and metabolic activities while preserving cell and tissue viability. Although SNC80 was developed as a delta opioid receptor activator, we discovered that its ability to slow metabolism is independent of its opioid modulating activity as a novel SNC80 analog (WB3) with almost 1000 times less delta opioid receptor binding activity is equally active. Metabolic suppression was also achieved using SNC80 in microfluidic human organs-on-chips, as well as in explanted whole porcine hearts and limbs, demonstrating the cross-species relevance of this approach and potential clinical relevance for surgical transplantation. Pharmacological induction of physiological slowing in combination with organ perfusion transport systems may offer a new therapeutic approach for tissue and organ preservation for transplantation, trauma management, and enhancing patient survival in remote and low-resource locations.
The potassium channel subunit KV1.8 (Kcna10) is essential for the distinctive outwardly rectifying conductances of type I and II vestibular hair cells
Authors: Martin Hannah R , Lysakowski Anna , Eatock Ruth Anne
Published: September 2024

In amniotes, head motions and tilt are detected by two types of vestibular hair cells (HCs) with strikingly different morphology and physiology. Mature type I HCs express a large and very unusual potassium conductance, g
K,L
, which activates negative to resting potential, confers very negative resting potentials and low input resistances, and enhances an unusual non-quantal transmission from type I cells onto their calyceal afferent terminals. Following clues pointing to K
V
1.8 (KCNA10) in the Shaker K channel family as a candidate g
K,L
subunit, we compared whole-cell voltage-dependent currents from utricular hair cells of K
V
1.8-null mice and littermate controls. We found that K
V
1.8 is necessary not just for g
K,L
but also for fast-inactivating and delayed rectifier currents in type II HCs, which activate positive to resting potential. The distinct properties of the three K
V
1.8-dependent conductances may reflect different mixing with other K
V
subunits that are reported to be differentially expressed in type I and II HCs. In K
V
1.8-null HCs of both types, residual outwardly rectifying conductances include K
V
7 (KCNQ) channels.Current clamp records show that in both HC types, K
V
1.8-dependent conductances increase the speed and damping of voltage responses. Features that speed up vestibular receptor potentials and non-quantal afferent transmission may have helped stabilize locomotion as tetrapods moved from water to land.
A microglia clonal inflammatory disorder in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Vicario Rocio , Fragkogianni Stamatina , Weber Leslie , Lazarov Tomi , Hu Yang , Hayashi Samantha Y , Craddock Barbara P , Socci Nicholas D , Alberdi Araitz , Baako Ann , Ay Oyku , Ogishi Masato , Lopez-Rodrigo Estibaliz , Kappagantula Rajya , Viale Agnes , Iacobuzio-Donahue Christine A , Zhou Ting , Ransohoff Richard M , Chesworth Richard ,   Netherlands Brain Bank, Abdel-Wahab Omar , Boisson Bertrand , Elemento Olivier , Casanova Jean-Laurent , Miller W Todd , Geissmann Frederic
Published: September 2024

Somatic genetic heterogeneity resulting from post-zygotic DNA mutations is widespread in human tissues and can cause diseases, however few studies have investigated its role in neurodegenerative processes such as Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Here we report the selective enrichment of microglia clones carrying pathogenic variants, that are not present in neuronal, glia/stromal cells, or blood, from patients with AD in comparison to age-matched controls. Notably, microglia-specific AD-associated variants preferentially target the MAPK pathway, including recurrent CBL ring-domain mutations. These variants activate ERK and drive a microglia transcriptional program characterized by a strong neuro-inflammatory response, both
in vitro
and in patients. Although the natural history of AD-associated microglial clones is difficult to establish in human, microglial expression of a MAPK pathway activating variant was previously shown to cause neurodegeneration in mice, suggesting that AD-associated neuroinflammatory microglial clones may contribute to the neurodegenerative process in patients.
Impact of liver specific survival motor neuron (SMN) depletion on peripheral and central nervous system tissue pathology
Authors: de Almeida Monique Marylin Alves , De Repentigny Yves , Gagnon Sabrina , Sutton Emma R , Kothary Rashmi
Published: September 2024

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an inherited neuromuscular disorder stemming from deletions or mutations in the Survival Motor Neuron 1 (
SMN1
) gene, leading to decreased levels of SMN protein, and subsequent motor neuron death and muscle atrophy. While traditionally viewed as a disorder predominantly affecting motor neurons, recent research suggests the involvement of various peripheral organs in SMA pathology. Notably, the liver has emerged as a significant focus due to the observed fatty liver phenotype and dysfunction in both SMA mouse models and SMA patients. Despite these findings, it remains unclear whether intrinsic depletion of SMN protein in the liver contributes to pathology in the peripheral or central nervous systems. To address this knowledge gap, we developed a mouse model with a liver-specific depletion of SMN by utilizing an
Alb-Cre
transgene together with one

Smn
2B

allele and one
Smn
exon 7 allele flanked by loxP sites. We evaluated phenotypic changes in these mice at postnatal day 19 (P19), a time when the severe model of SMA, the

Smn
2B/-

mice, typically exhibit many symptoms of the disease. Our findings indicate that liver-specific SMN depletion does not induce motor neuron death, neuromuscular pathology or muscle atrophy, characteristics typically observed in the
Smn
2B/-
mouse at P19. However, mild liver steatosis was observed at this time point, although no changes in liver function were detected. Notably, pancreatic alterations resembled that of

Smn
2B/-

mice, with a decrease in insulin producing alpha-cells and an increase in glucagon producing beta-cells, accompanied with a reduction in blood glucose levels. While the mosaic pattern of the Cre-mediated excision precludes definitive conclusions regarding the contribution of liver-specific SMN depletion to overall tissue pathology, our findings highlight an intricate connection between liver function and pancreatic abnormalities in SMA, adding a nuanced layer to our understanding of the disease’s complexities.
Elucidating ATP’s Role as Solubilizer of Biomolecular Aggregate
Authors: Sarkar Susmita , Gupta Saurabh , Mahato Chiranjit , Das Dibyendu , Mondal Jagannath
Published: September 2024

Proteins occurring in significantly high concentrations in cellular environments (over 100 mg/mL) and functioning in crowded cytoplasm, often face the prodigious challenges of aggregation which are the pathological hallmark of aging and are critically responsible for a wide spectrum of rising human diseases. Here we combine a joint-venture of complementary wet-lab experiment and molecular simulation to discern the potential ability of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as solubilizer of protein aggregates. We show that ATP prevents both condensation of aggregation-prone intrinsically disordered protein Aβ40 and promotes dissolution of pre-formed aggregates. Computer simulation links ATP’s solubilizing role to its ability to modulate protein’s structural plasticity by unwinding protein conformation. We show that ATP is positioned as a superior biological solubilizer of protein aggregates over traditional chemical hydrotropes, potentially holding promises in therapeutic interventions in protein-aggregation related diseases. Going beyond its conventional activity as energy currency, the amphiphilic nature of ATP enables its protein-specific interaction that would enhance ATP’s efficiency in cellular processes.
Mapping vascular network architecture in primate brain using ferumoxytol-weighted laminar MRI
Authors: Autio Joonas A , Kimura Ikko , Ose Takayuki , Matsumoto Yuki , Ohno Masahiro , Urushibata Yuta , Ikeda Takuro , Glasser Matthew F , Van Essen David C , Hayashi Takuya
Published: September 2024

Mapping the vascular organization of the brain is of great importance across various domains of basic neuroimaging research, diagnostic radiology, and neurology. However, the intricate task of precisely mapping vasculature across brain regions and cortical layers presents formidable challenges, resulting in a limited understanding of neurometabolic factors influencing the brain’s microvasculature. Addressing this gap, our study investigates whole-brain vascular volume using ferumoxytol-weighted laminar-resolution multi-echo gradient-echo imaging in macaque monkeys. We validate the results with published data for vascular densities and compare them with cytoarchitecture, neuron and synaptic densities. The ferumoxytol-induced change in transverse relaxation rate (ΔR
2
*), an indirect proxy measure of cerebral blood volume (CBV), was mapped onto twelve equivolumetric laminar cortical surfaces. Our findings reveal that CBV varies 3-fold across the brain, with the highest vascular volume observed in the inferior colliculus and lowest in the corpus callosum. In the cerebral cortex, CBV is notably high in early primary sensory areas and low in association areas responsible for higher cognitive functions. Classification of CBV into distinct groups unveils extensive replication of translaminar vascular network motifs, suggesting distinct computational energy supply requirements in areas with varying cytoarchitecture types. Regionally, baseline R
2
* and CBV exhibit positive correlations with neuron density and negative correlations with receptor densities. Adjusting image resolution based on the critical sampling frequency of penetrating cortical vessels allows us to delineate approximately 30% of the arterial-venous vessels. Collectively, these results mark significant methodological and conceptual advancements, contributing to the refinement of cerebrovascular MRI. Furthermore, our study establishes a linkage between neurometabolic factors and the vascular network architecture in the primate brain.