bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New approach for wine authenticity screening by a cumulative 1H and 2H qNMR
Authors: Ivlev V. , Vasil'ev V. , Kalabin G. , Kolesnov A. , Zenina M. , Anikina N. , Gnilomedova N. , Gerzhikova V. , Egorov E. , Guguchkina T. , Antonenko M.
Published: October 2019

New methodological approach for rapid control of wine authenticity without sample preparation, based on the quantitative NMR spectroscopy (qNMR) of the protium 1H and deuterium 2H nucleus is suggested. The content of dominant (e.g. water, ethanol) and some minor (e.g. glycerol, organic acids) components of wine are determined from qNMR 1H spectra for authentication of molecular composition. The sum of all exchanging hydrogen atoms of wine's components provide the 1H signal with a chemical shift of 4.8 ppm. Accounting for their content from 1H spectrum allows us calculate the 2H isotopic content in wine water from integral intensity of corresponding signal in the 2H qNMR spectrum using an internal or external standard with a known content of the 2H isotope. The possible addition of water can be found from comparison of this value with values of surface and/or ground waters from corresponding viticulture areas. This approach was used for white and red wines from the Black Sea region (Krasnodar area & Crimea peninsula). The 2H contents in investigated wines range from 157 to 165 ppm. The maximum 2H isotope content in surface waters does not exceed 148 ppm. A qNMR measurement of wine according to the proposed approach takes some minutes, that significantly exceeds the laboriousness of methods based on IRMS/SIRA (e.g. δ13C, δ18O). The error of qNMR measurements is less than 2.0%. The qNMR screening of deuterium (2H) in ethanol can be used for detection of possible wine chaptalization. This approach is similar to the known SNIF-NMR method. The positive difference with this method is the use of minimal quantity of enriched 2H standard and measurement of integral intensities of all signals instead of heights. It allows to reduce measurements' time as well as to measure the 2H content of all fragments of ethanol molecules – CH3−, CH2−, OH-groups. The publication has been prepared with the support of the “RUDN University Program 5–100”.
Il difetto di luce nel vino bianco: Effetto ed evoluzione nel corso della conservazione
Authors: Fracassetti D. , Limbo S. , Pellegrino L. , Tirelli A.
Published: October 2019

L'esposizione del vino bianco ad una radiazione luminosa impatta negativamente sulle caratteristiche sensoriali. Tale condizione può causare la comparsa di un'alterazione, nota come difetto di luce, causata dalla formazione di composti solforati, quali metantiolo (MeSH) e dimetildisolfuro (DMDS). Le reazioni indotte dalla luce originano dalla riboflavina (RF), un composto fotosensibile, e dalla metionina (MET). I trattamenti del vino bianco con bentonite o carbone attivo sono efficaci per rimuovere parte della RF e l'aggiunta al vino di tannini idrolizzabili limita la comparsa del difetto di luce in soluzione modello. Non è stata ancora chiarita l'evoluzione del difetto di luce nel vino bianco durante la shelf-life. In questo studio sono stati valutati gli effetti dei fenomeni foto-indotti in vino bianco dopo 24 mesi di conservazione. Il vino è stato addizionato di RF, MET e antiossidanti, quali glutatione, anidride solforosa e tannino di castagno, singolarmente ed in combinazione, esposto alla luce e conservato al buio. Come atteso, la RF è degradata in seguito all'esposizione alla fonte luminosa in tutte le condizioni saggiate. La diminuzione di MET è compresa nel range 21–38% in funzione degli antiossidanti aggiunti che, quando aggiunti singolarmente, limitano la formazione del difetto di luce come dimostra il minore livello di MeSH e DMDS presenti. I dati ottenuti suggeriscono che l'impiego di tannini da legno può essere un efficace strumento per limitare la comparsa del difetto di luce anche nel vino bianco.
Un Índice de adaptación vitivinícola para medir el desempeño de las exportaciones
Authors: Compés López R. , Cervera Ferrer F.J.
Published: October 2019

Con la globalización, el estudio del comercio internacional ha llegado a ser una de las áreas más importantes del estudio de la Economía. En el mundo del vino, donde la globalización ha sido especialmente intensa, el uso de indicadores y métricas que ayudan a determinar el comportamiento de las exportaciones, y a la toma de decisiones estratégicas, resulta especialmente esencial para investigaciones, pero también para bodegas, intermediarios y planes nacionales de apoyo. Uno de estos indicadores es el encargado de medir la adaptación de las exportaciones a los cambios de los mercados de destino. Su base teórica dice que aquellos países que exportan a mercados en crecimiento cuentan con mayores posibilidades para que sus exportaciones se incrementen de forma más rápida y así poder afianzar su posición competitiva a nivel internacional. Los resultados demuestran que, primero y en general, los países exportadores de vino con mayor capacidad de adaptación, para el periodo 2000–2015 son principalmente Francia, seguido de Italia y España; segundo, que los tres tipos de mercado – embotellados, graneles y espumosos – responden a estrategias y canales comerciales diferentes; y, tercero, que no es fácil modificar las estrategias comerciales y la capacidad de adaptación en el corto plazo.
Protection of Rare Plant Species during the Development of Oil Fields in the South of Western Siberia (Tyumen Region, Russia)
Authors: Glazunov Valerii
Published: October 2019

The article provides a description of the vegetation and information on the discovery of plant species subject to protection, as revealed during the examination of the territory of licensed oil production sites located in the Uvatsky district of the Tyumen region (Western Siberia). The vegetation cover of the territory is represented by a combination of plots of dark-coniferous grass-shrub-green-moss forests, derivative communities in their place, pine-shrub-sphagnum marshes and floodplain meadow-shrub vegetation. The localities of 7 rare species subject to protection at the state and regional levels were discovered, including 2 species of lycopods (Isoetes lacustris, I. echinospora), 2 species of ferns (Dryopteris filix-mas, Phegopteris connectilis), 1 species of angiosperms (Nuphar pumila), mosses (Neckera pennata) and lichens (Lobaria pulmonaria). To preserve the discovered habitats of protected species, the necessary changes were made to the layout of the oil production facilities.
Floristic areas of the Middle Volga region: materials to the analysis
Authors: Senator Stepan , Saksonov Sergey , Bondareva Viktoria
Published: October 2019

The publication presents some quantitative characteristics of the 17 pre-selected floristic areas of the Middle Volga region (the total number of species, number of indigenous taxa and the number of differentiating species). Based on the available data, a linear regression is constructed, illustrating the relative dominance of allochthonous or autochthonous trends in the development of flora in the selected areas. The cluster analysis of the species lists of the floristic areas was completed, and then DCA-ordination of the selected areas was implemented. It is revealed that the forest-steppe areas of the Cis-Volga and Trans-Volga regions are situated by the level of species richness, and the number of species in the selected floristic areas is increasing from West and East towards the Volga.
L’optique hyperfréquence : un défi perpétuel
Authors: Alouini Mehdi
Published: October 2019

D’une science que l’on pouvait qualifier de confidentielle il y a trente ans, car s’adressant principalement aux besoins de la défense comme le radar et la guerre électronique, l’optique hyperfréquence s’est démocratisée ces dernières années. Elle s’invite désormais dans la plupart des nouveaux systèmes électroniques haute fréquence, les télécommunications optiques cohérentes et la métrologie temps-fréquence par exemple.
Fehldiagnose eines genitalen Morbus Paget als Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus aufgrund verspäteter histologischer Diagnosesicherung
Authors: Elsner P. , Peckruhn M. , Meyer J.
Published: October 2019

Eine Patientin mit Hautveränderungen im Bereich der Vulva wurde von einer Dermatologin unter der Diagnose eines Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus behandelt. Zum Ausschluss eines malignen Prozesses erfolgte die Überweisung an eine Gynäkologin zwecks Biopsie, die diese jedoch nicht vornahm. Die Dermatologin behandelte die Patientin über weitere dreieinhalb Jahre antientzündlich, bis durch eine bei einem anderen Gynäkologen durchgeführte Biopsie die Diagnose eines extramammären Morbus Paget gestellt wurde. Aufgrund des zwischenzeitlich ausgedehnten Befundes waren in der Folge wiederholte Vulvektomien mit erheblichen Residualschäden erforderlich.

Von der Schlichtungsstelle wurde ein schuldhafter Befunderhebungsfehler bejaht. Die Übertragung der Durchführung der histopathologischen Diagnostik ohne Einforderung des Befundergebnisses bzw. die histologisch unkontrollierte Aufrechterhaltung der Diagnose bei regelmäßiger Befundkontrolle und Therapie über mehr als 3 Jahre waren als Fehler ärztlichen Handelns einzuordnen.

Da es sich bei dem Biopsieauftrag um eine bloße Delegation einer genuin dermatologischen Leistung handelte, konnte sich die Dermatologin auch nicht auf den rechtlichen Grundsatz der „horizontalen Arbeitsteilung“ berufen. Indem sie die Patientin gleichwohl weiterbehandelte, bestand der Behandlungsvertrag, der sie persönlich zu einer Behandlung nach dermatologischem Facharztstandard verpflichtete, unverändert fort.

Dermatologen sollten bei der Delegation diagnostischer Leistungen an andere Fachgebiete sicherstellen, dass diese Leistungen auch tatsächlich erbracht werden.

Da Vulvakarzinome klinisch uncharakteristisch sein könnten, sollte bei dem geringsten Verdacht eine bioptische dermatohistologische Befundsicherung angestrebt werden.
Resection of a Meningioma at Craniocervical Junction through Far Lateral Approach: Two-Dimensional Operative Video
Authors: Yan Yong , Wang Hongxiang , Xu Tao , Gong Zhenyu , Hong Fan , Zhang Xu , Chen Juxiang
Published: October 2019

Tumors located in the craniocervical junction region are significantly challenging for surgical resection. We shared our experience of a meningioma at craniocervical junction resected through far lateral approach in a 68-year-old female. The patient presented with intermittent headache with discomfort in the neck and shoulders for 3 years without any positive signs. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a tumor of 3.6 cm × 3.0 cm × 2.5 cm lying at the ventral side of medulla oblongata, with T1 hypointensity, T2 hyperintensity, and a significant enhancement on T1-contrast image. The far lateral approach on the right side was planned to resect the tumor with a park-bench position. The patient underwent a standard craniotomy using a lazy S-shaped incision. The transposition of vertebral artery was performed carefully therein, followed by removal of part of the arches of atlas and axis. After exposure of the tumor, vertebral artery (VA) and posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) adhesive to the lesion could be seen operatively. Truncating the supplying blood vessels of the tumor was taken as the first step, followed by resecting the tumor mass in a piecemeal manner. While preserving VA, PICA, posterior nerves, medulla oblongata, and cervical cord, gross-total resection was achieved under the careful operation. The patient tolerated the procedure well without any neurological deficits. Histological examination confirmed the tumor as a meningioma (World Health Organization [WHO] grade I). Postoperative MRI scan depicted complete resection of the tumor. The patient remained symptom free without any evidence of recurrence during the follow-up period of 1 year. Informed consent was obtained from the patient.

The link to the video can be found at: https://youtu.be/i9H-wS4fF10.
Association of plasma antimony concentration with markers of liver function in Chinese adults
Authors: You Xiaomin , Xiao Yang , Liu Kang , Yu Yanqiu , Liu Yiyi , Long Pinpin , Wang Hao , Zhou Lue , Deng Qifei , Lin Yuhui , Zhang Xiaomin , He Meian , Wu Tangchun , Yuan Yu
Published: October 2019

Environmental contextAntimony pollution has become a global issue given its wide distribution in the environment and its potential threat to human health. This large population-based study demonstrated that exposure to high levels of antimony may impair liver function in adults. The study highlights the potential hazard to liver function of antimony exposure, and provides convincing evidence of the need to monitor and control antimony exposure in the prevention of liver dysfunction. AbstractThe association of antimony exposure with serum liver enzymes and bilirubin levels remains unknown. We aimed to prospectively evaluate the associations of the plasma antimony concentration with serum liver enzymes [alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)] and bilirubin [total (TBil), direct (DBil) and indirect bilirubin (IBil)] levels among the Chinese middle-aged and elderly population. A total of 4733 participants who were free of cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer and chronic hepatitis at the baseline survey (2008–2010) of the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort were included in the current study. We measured the baseline plasma antimony concentration by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and the serum liver enzymes and bilirubin levels at the resurvey visit (2013) by using an automatic analyser. In the fully adjusted generalised linear models, we observed that an increased plasma antimony concentration was significantly associated with higher bilirubin levels. Moreover, we found that plasma antimony was positively associated with the elevation of DBil (≥7.0μmolL−1), where the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) comparing the extreme tertiles was 1.35 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.70, P trend=0.01). Spline regression analyses indicated that the plasma antimony concentration was linearly associated with the elevation of TBil and DBil (overall P=0.004 and P=0.002 respectively). Our study suggested that exposure to high levels of antimony may impair liver function in adults. Further investigations are warranted to confirm these findings in other populations.
Equine blastocyst production under different incubation temperatures and different CO2 concentrations during early cleavage
Authors: Brom-de-Luna J. G. , Salgado R. M. , Canesin H. S. , Diaw M. , Hinrichs K.
Published: October 2019

Some basic parameters for equine invitro embryo production have not yet been established, including the optimum temperature for maturation and embryo culture, and the optimum CO2 concentration and pH during early embryo development. To explore this, we first performed cultures in incubators set at 37.2°C, 37.7°C or 38.2°C. At these temperatures, the corresponding maturation rates were 33%, 38% and 42%; cleavage rates were 84%, 86% and 88%; and blastocyst rates were 35%, 44% and 44% per injected oocyte. These rates did not differ significantly (P>0.2). We then evaluated three different CO2 concentrations (6%, 6.5% or 7% CO2) in 5% O2 for culture over Days 0–5 after intracytoplasmic sperm injection, using a commercial human embryo medium with added serum, at 38.2°C. The pH values of these media were 7.36, 7.33 and 7.29 respectively. In the presence of 6%, 6.5% or 7% CO2, cleavage rates were 68%, 80% and 70% respectively, and blastocyst rates per injected oocyte were 42%, 54% and 27% respectively. The blastocyst rate for the 7% CO2 treatment was significantly lower than that for the 6.5% CO2 treatment (P<0.05). We conclude that equine invitro embryo production is equally effective within the range of 37.2–38.2°C, but that equine early cleavage stage development is sensitive to small changes in CO2 atmosphere and/or medium pH.
Impact of passive measures on indoor thermal environment and energy consumption under various operating modes of HVAC equipment
Authors: Jiandong Ran , Ke Xiong , Mingfang Tang , Zhenjing Yang , Ya Feng
Published: October 2019

Based on the characteristics of climatic conditions and intermittent energy use in the hot summer and cold winter regions, this paper takes a simplified residential building in Chongqing as an example, use DesignBuilder to simulate and explore the influence of passive methods on the indoor thermal environment and energy consumption of buildings. To make the cooling method used more in line with the actual situation of the residents, this research uses the passive cooling technology such as sunshades and ventilation, and combine them with the intermittent operated air conditioner to achieve a comfortable condition in the room. Under the thermal parameters of the building envelopes were set according to the current 65% energy-saving standards, the results show that the sunshade combined with the intermittent ventilation can extend the non-air-conditioning period of 2041 hours. The building energy consumption of the method combined intermittent air conditioner with sunshade and intermittent ventilation is 22.2 Kwh/m2, which is 56.5% lower than the continuous air conditioner operation.
The effect of airflow rate control on the performance of a fan-assisted solar air heating façade
Authors: Isaia Francesco , Fantucci Stefano , Serra Valentina , Longo Valeria
Published: October 2019

Solar Air Heating Façades (SAHF) can exploit solar radiation to partially fulfil the building heating and ventilation demand. This study was developed starting from an experimental campaign on a full scale fan-assisted SAHF applied to an outdoor test cell (TWINS) located in Torino (Italy). The data gathered from the monitoring activity were used to validate a white box model, developed in EnergyPlus. An axial fan drives the airflow through the façade; therefore, the supplied air temperature can be controlled by changing the fan speed. For this purpose, a PID (Proportional Integrative Derivative) controller was developed. This study demonstrates that the application of different control strategies significantly affects the façade overall performance and behaviour. Results highlight that the system can reach an average seasonal solar efficiency of up to 30%. Furthermore, by operating the system in heating-mode only and controlling the supply air temperature at 25°C, the system operates for 30% of the heating season, while at 40°C the system can provide fresh pre-heated air with an higher exergy level for the 10% of the winter period. Fan-assisted SAHF represent a valuable retrofit strategy solution in all buildings that present space limitations for the installation of centralised ventilation systems, helping to address the nZEB target requirements.
A benchmark test for room air distribution: the backward facing step flow
Authors: Nielsen P V , Zhang C , Kjær C T , Leiria D , Nørholm H , Ramstad T , Rovithakis A , Jensen R L
Published: October 2019

This paper concerns the use of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) for the prediction of room air movement and provide a guide on selecting of the proper turbulence model. The benchmark which developed here for the first time is a backward-facing step flow problem. The measurements is performed in a small-scale model and the velocity filed is measured by Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). The measurements focus on transitional flow and fully developed turbulent flow at isothermal condition. The PIV measurements and different CFD predictions are compared. The CFD predictions are generally slightly diverse, and this is, among other things, the result of using different turbulence models as well as using different software codes, grid distribution and boundary values etc. The k-ε family of turbulence models is an option for fully developed flow, and the k-ω family does work for transitional low turbulent flow in this backward-facing step flow.
Minimizing the airborne particle migration to the operating room during door opening
Authors: Lind MC , Sadrizadeh S , Venås B , Sadeghian P , Wang C , Harsem TT
Published: October 2019

Airborne bacteria that enter an open wound during surgery can result in post-operative infections, commonly referred to as surgical site infections (SSIs). The level of contaminants is usually lower in the operating rooms (ORs) in contrast to adjacent corridors. Penetration of particles carrying bacteria through the doorway during a door opening gives rise to the OR contaminant level as door-opening and passage may occur every 2.5 minutes during a given surgical activity. The authors had previously conducted a successful research study to reduce the contaminant migration from an anteroom, through the doorway, into an Airborne Infection Isolation Room (AIIR). In contrast to the AIIRs, the ORs are usually over-pressured related to the surrounding environments. However, both ORs and AIIRs share the same interest in avoiding air exchange between the room and the adjacent space. This paper, built upon the previous research achievement, proposes an innovative design solution to reduce the bacteria penetration to the ORs during a door opening and staff passage. Previously achieved results from CFD simulation and laboratory measurement confirmed that installing a ventilation unit that supplies a high air volume into the OR through low-velocity wall diffusers, may significantly reduce the contaminant migration to the OR during door-opening activities.
Personal inhalation risk assessment based on a hybrid method using CFD-CSP-PBTK modelling: quantification of time-averaged and peak concentration differences
Authors: Murga Alicia , Kuga Kazuki , Yoo Sung-Jun , Ito Kazuhide
Published: October 2019

Human health has been intimately linked to the indoor environment, highlighting the relevance of indoor air quality (IAQ). Although various techniques have been developed to maintain the well-being of building residents/workers, a convergence between IAQ and personal inhalation exposure risk under realistic conditions has yet to be achieved due to the heterogeneous nature of contaminant transfer. In this regard, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a promising tool when analysing detailed three-dimensional flow and gas-phase contaminant transport in a building. From this viewpoint, this study performs a comprehensive inhalation exposure analysis in the working environment, integrating outdoor airflow to the indoor environment of a factory under cross-ventilation for an 8-hour occupational period, a factory worker in the form of a computer simulated person (CSP) and a semi-coupled virtual respiratory tract. A physiologically-based toxicokinetic (PBTK) model has been added to the respiratory tract to predict tissue dose distribution, i.e., inhalation exposure risk. Three cases were analysed to confirm the differences between maximum/minimum and time-averaged inhaled dose for a comprehensive source-to-dose study. Results confirmed the relevance of calculated personal inhalation exposure for an accurate time-averaged intake and the danger of acute exposures at given times of a working day.
Numerical evaluation of a Ductless Personalized Ventilation (DPV) combined with a radiant HVAC system: thermal comfort
Authors: Liu Jiying , Zhao Yingying , Li Zhuangzhuang , Zhu Shengwei , Zhang Linhua , Srebric Jelena
Published: October 2019

Ductless personalized ventilation (DPV) as a recently developed technique and having the potential to meet the requirement of local thermal comfort and increase a wider thermostat setpoint range. The majority of published studies focused on the performance of DPV combined with convective-dominant HVAC system, while few investigations employed DPV in the radiant heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system. This study conducted the numerical simulation to evaluate the local thermal comfort of a DPV combined with a radiant HVAC system. Flow rate of 2, 4 and 6 l/s were applied as personalized air which is drawn at the sucking height of 0.1 m, and ACH of 1.2 h−1 (0.16 m/s) and 2.4 h−1 (0.32 m/s) were considered for DV system. Different building enclosure temperature of 24, 26 and 28°C were assumed. Vertical air temperature difference, manikin-based equivalent temperature and draught rate expose to occupant face are mainly used as evaluation criteria. The results remarkably show that DPV can significantly decrease the equivalent temperature in head segment, and slightly increase the equivalent temperature in foot segment as well as calf and thigh segments. Larger draft discomfort with draught rate of about 16% occurred when DPV flow rate of 6 l/s was applied.
Development of metabolic rate prediction model using deep learning via Kinect camera in an indoor environment
Authors: Na HooSeung , Kim Taeyeon
Published: October 2019

Currently, there are only a few conventional methods to measure individual factors affecting metabolic rate (MET) based on the thermal comfort of occupants in residential buildings. In this work, a deep learning based MET prediction using a Kinect camera, which is a non-contact sensor, was developed. The root mean squared error (RMSE) and the coefficient of variation (CV) of the RMSE were used as indicators to predict MET accuracy. A total of 31 subjects participated in the experiment (16 men and 15 women). The METs of eight representative activities in the ASHRAE Standard 55 were measured (lying down, sitting, cooking, walking, eating, house cleaning, folding clothes, and handling 50 kg of books). The predicted results for all eight activities were significantly high. (RMSE: 0.26, CV: 13%). Further, METs were analyzed according to the gender and body mass index (BMI). Results of the analysis based on gender reveal that METs of men are higher than those of women. Analysis based on BMI showed that MET increased with higher BMI. However, with respect to sitting and eating food, the higher the BMI, the lower is the MET. This paper suggest that, a creative method was developed herein for predicting MET in an indoor environment with fairly high accuracy. Moreover, the difference in MET considering behavior as a factor was analyzed according to gender and BMI; these results can be used to develop guidelines for more accurate thermal comfort control.
Effect of ventilation on perceived air quality in 18 classrooms
Authors: Holøs Sverre B , Yang Aileen , Thunshelle Kari , Mysen Mads
Published: October 2019

The aim of this paper is to assess whether reducing the minimum ventilation airflow rate (Vmin) has any negative impacts on perceived air quality (PAQ) upon entering an unoccupied room. Seventeen healthy young adults were asked to assess PAQ in 18 unoccupied classrooms upon entry. Extra pollution sources were introduced in two classrooms, while three other classrooms were not cleaned. The ventilation rate in each classroom was set in a random order to off, low (0.9/1.1 l/s per m2), medium (1.3 l/s per m2) and high (2.0 l/s per m2). Increasing the ventilation rate resulted in a significant improvement of the PAQ-score, with highest PAQ-score when Vmin is set to high and lowest when the ventilation is off. However, most of this increase occurred when increasing ventilation to the low rate. Classrooms that were not cleaned for two days of normal use prior to the test only showed a marked reduced PAQ at all ventilation rates.
Strategies of natural ventilation for hospitals: a comparative study between hospitals in the city of Rio de Janeiro and the Brazilian standard of thermal performance
Authors: Fugazza K S , Gobbi M E , Santos M
Published: October 2019

With the introduction of technological advancements in buildings and specially in health environments, such places became even more enclosed and automatized. The choice for the proper air ventilation system must be careful, for that is the biggest energy consumer in hospitals and decisive for inner air quality. This article has the objective to analyze natural ventilation strategies and thermal development in two wards located in two hospitals in the city of Rio de Janeiro - Brazil, computer modeled and simulated. The discussion raises the following questions: 1. Do the ward windows at both hospitals meet the requirements for environmental comfort? 2. If so, for which months? Through bibliographical review building analysis were made, an architectural survey and computer simulation were made using DesignBuilder, taking into consideration all months of the year for the comfort and discomfort sensation frequencies. The results obtained point to a desired thermal comfort in both case studies throughout the months of April to December according to the span for acceptable operative temperatures in naturally ventilated buildings defined by ASHRAE 55-2013.
Energy use and perceived health in indoor swimming pool facilities
Authors: Nitter Therese B. , Carlucci Salvatore , Olsen Snorre N. , Svendsen Kristin v. H.
Published: October 2019

Swimming facilities are one of the most complex building categories with their high energy use and demanding indoor environment. A survey to collect information about user health and comfort, technical installations and operational strategies was distributed to pool facilities–from conventional swimming facilities to water parks–across Norway, and this article is based on the responses from 45 facilities. Using a multiple regression analysis, approximately 75% of the delivered energy can be attributed to the bather load and number of opening days. No correlation between delivered energy and user health and thermal comfort was obtained; however, a significant correlation between bathers and workers perceived health and comfort was found. Furthermore, bathers in the water parks reported to be significantly less satisfied with the indoor environment in comparison to bathers in conventional swimming facilities. The water parks also have a lower air change rate compared to the conventional swimming facilities.
Investigation into the adaption of PMV to evaluation of the medical staff in hospitals in Guangzhou
Authors: fang Zhaosong , Ji Xiangfei , Liao Yundang
Published: October 2019

In this investigation, the measurement thermal parameters and thermal comfort field survey were carried in six air conditioned hospitals in Guangzhou. A total of 114 valid questionnaires were collected. Based on the data, there were strong linear regression relationships between PMV and MTSV and operative temperature. The neutral PMV of medical staff was 0.004. The neutral operation temperature was 22.99 °C from the PMV model. The thermal comfort temperature which meets a satisfaction degree of 90% ranges from 21.29°C to 24.70°C. In addition, the neutral temperature was 24.36 °C from the linear regression of MTSV. The range of thermal comfort temperature was between 22.86°C and 25.85°C. Comparing the MTSV and PMV, the MTSV was lower than that of PMV.
Comparative evaluation of the link between measured and perceived indoor environmental conditions in naturally and mechanically ventilated office environments
Authors: Gupta Rajat , Howard Alastair
Published: October 2019

This paper uses a case study-based approach to comparatively evaluate the relationship between measured and perceived indoor environmental conditions in two office buildings, one naturally ventilated (NV) and one mechanically ventilated (MV) located in southeast England. Environmental parameters (indoor and outdoor relative humidity (RH), CO2 and indoor and outdoor temperature) were continuously monitored at 5 minute intervals over a period of 19 months (March 2017 to September 2018). During the monitoring period, occupant satisfaction surveys (snapshot and longitudinal) were conducted to record occupant perceptions of their working environment, including thermal comfort, resulting in approximately 2600 survey responses from each case study.

In the NV office, CO2 levels were high (>2000ppm) and indoor temperature was both high (>27°C) and variable (up to 8°C change). The MV office environment was found to operate within much narrower indoor temperature, RH and CO2 bands. This was evident in the little seasonal variation observed in the indoor CO2 levels in the MV office; whereas in the NV office, CO2 concentrations were over 1400 ppm for 20% of the working hours during the heating seasons and decreasing to 3% in the non-heating seasons, when windows were frequently opened. Occupants were found to have different levels of tolerance to measured indoor temperatures - neutral thermal sensation votes corresponded to a higher indoor temperature in the NV building, indicating the role of adaptation. Insights from the study can help in improving indoor environments of NV and MV offices.
Prediction of DHW energy use in a hotel in Norway
Authors: Dmytro Ivanko , Natasa Nord , Åse Lekang Sørensen , Igor Sartori , Thale Sofie Wester Plesser , Taxt Walnum Harald
Published: October 2019

Domestic hot water (DHW) systems are significant consumers of energy in buildings. This article is dedicated to hourly and daily DHW energy use modeling, with the aim of achieving energy savings in buildings. The methods investigated in the article were tested using statistical data obtained from a hotel located in Oslo, Norway. For better modeling, the influence of various factors on DHW energy use in the hotel was studied. For this purpose, the wrapper approach was used. The analysis indicates that the most important variable that should be used in the model is number of guests. There are also other factors that can be taken in account, even though they do not have such strong influence. Traditionally, only daily data about number of guests are available in the hotels. These data do not allow us to develop accurate hourly model of DHW energy. The article therefore proposes a method which, based on introduction of artificial variables, improve accuracy of the hourly DHW model. Eight models are compered, based on criteria of their adequacy. The Support vector machine model shows the best results for daily modeling and the Partial least squares (PLS) regression for hourly modeling.
The utilization rate of potential heat accumulation capabilities using latent heat of phase-change materials
Authors: Zastawna-Rumin Anna , Nowak Katarzyna
Published: October 2019

The aim of the study is to gain information on the actual effects of PCM labor in building partitions. The tested materials were plasterboards containing microcapsules of PCM. Two types of boards with various thermal characteristics of the contained PCM phase change and a simple plasterboard without PCM were tested. The results presented in this paper are one of the few stages of broader research on various PCM materials and different ways of their application. The lightweight wall of timber frame with high thermal insulation was subjected to set of test. The research was conducted in a complex of environmental chambers which allows provide different temperature curve of the chamber possible for real climatic conditions. The temperature and the density of heat flux were the values measured both on the surface and between wall layers. The results of measurements can also serve as a basis to determine the actual thermal characteristics of a partition wall with PCM layers, which can be helpful in creating a design tool to select an appropriate amount of PCM in relation to the thermal load of the building.
Building with nature: the case of “Case di Luce”
Authors: Pietro Pedone Ing. , Pantaleo Pedone Arch. , Massimo Pedone Arch.
Published: October 2019

Case di Luce is a Near Zero Energy Building and it is part of a sustainable urban regeneration that avoids land consumption, improving the area, sites in Bisceglie, a city of the south of Italy. A complex system of public spaces increases urban quality, matching residential NZEB with new infrastructures. The design experimentation stems from a holistic approach, linked to the themes of bio-architecture, eco-sustainability, environmental and living comfort. The architectural language is based on Nature and Bioclimatism. The project envisages as principles of sustainability new constructive techniques and natural materials as the backbones of the architectural composition, in a Mediterranean language. These elements are two. The first are greenhouses, the elements of passive capture of solar energy and of mediation between internal and external parts. The second is the “sail” cover - to accommodate the solar thermal and photo-voltaic panels – that allow the improvement of the architectural style and facilitate the achievement of the visual and thermal comfort. Great technical, ethical and environmental attention characterizes the building’s walls that are indeed realized with hemp and lime bricks, a mixture that is completely recyclable, bio-compatible, able to capture CO2. The use of breathable, green certified and non-toxic materials facilitates high standards of living. The building is certificated by CasaClima Gold 10 kWh/m2a and won the GREEN BUILDING AWARD 2016.
Analysis on the driving factors and patterns of window opening and closing behaviour in French households
Authors: Li Jun , Panchabikesan Karthik , Yu Zhun (Jerry) , Haghighat Fariborz , Mankibi Mohamed El , Zhang Guoqiang
Published: October 2019

Window operation plays a vital role in indoor environmental quality (IEQ) and building energy consumption while maintaining occupants’ expected IEQ levels. In recent years, the influencing factors of window opening/closing behaviour have been widely investigated and evaluated in residential buildings, aiming at simulating building energy performance in a realistic manner. However, due to the challenges in collecting and analysing occupancy-related data, previous research works emphasized more on indoor/outdoor parameters (e.g. temperature and CO2). Hence, the correlation between occupancy patterns with window behaviour in a household has not been well explored. The aim of this study is to analyse the patterns of window opening and closing behaviour in French households and identify respective driving factors. The analysis was based on the data collected from four apartments in a high-performance residential building located in Lyon, France. The dataset considered in this study includes indoor environment data, weather data and occupancy behaviour with one minute resolution. Both model-dependent and model-independent approaches were adopted to assess the relative importance of driving factors for window operation. The results obtained in this study will provide insights regarding different driving factors for window operation and its related impact on occupant behaviour model performance. The outcomes of this research work can be used as input variables of occupant behaviour models in order to improve the building energy simulation performance.
The high-speed channel made of metal for interfacial charge transfer in Z-scheme g–C3N4/MoS2 water-splitting photocatalyst
Authors: Ju Lin , Liu Chen , Shi Liran , Sun Li
Published: October 2019

Z-scheme heterostructures have attracted much attention for their prominent photocatalytic performance. However, the charge transfer mechanism is still ambiguous, and how to design the high-speed channel for interfacial charge transfer is still a big challenge. In the present work, the energy band structure and charge transfer of the MoS2/g–C3N4 heterojunction are studied systematically. MoS2/g–C3N4 heterojunction could be demonstrated to form a direct Z-scheme system via the analysis of the interfacial band bending. Regrettably, this heterojunction has a low tunneling possibility at the surface, seriously limiting the photocatalytic efficiency. To solve this problem, we try to build high-speed channel between the layers with suitable metal. We make a thorough inquiry of the interface of M–C3N4 and M–MoS2 heterojunctions (M = Ag, Al, Au, and Pt). Our results reveals that Ag could improve the recombination efficiency of the majority carriers at the interface, which could pretty explain the enhanced photoactivity for g–C3N4/Ag/MoS2 system found in experiments. More notably, both Schottky and tunneling barriers vanish at the Al–C3N4 interface, forming an ohmic contact, which predicts a higher performance for electron transport. So that aluminum with the more excellent performance and higher abundance is a promising candidate for sliver in the Z-scheme system.
A new basis for the representation ring of a Weyl group
Authors: Lusztig G.
Published: October 2019

Let

W
W

be a Weyl group. In this paper we define a new basis for the Grothendieck group of representations of

W
W

. This basis contains on the one hand the special representations of

W
W

and on the other hand the representations of

W
W

carried by the left cells of

W
W

. We show that the representations in the new basis have a certain bipositivity property.
HAX1 impact on collective cell migration, cell adhesion, and cell shape is linked to the regulation of actomyosin contractility
Authors: Balcerak Anna , Trebinska-Stryjewska Alicja , Wakula Maciej , Chmielarczyk Mateusz , Smietanka Urszula , Rubel Tymon , Konopinski Ryszard , Macech-Klicka Ewelina , Zub Renata , Grzybowska Ewa Anna
Published: October 2019

HAX1 protein is involved in the regulation of apoptosis, cell motility and calcium homeostasis. Its overexpression was reported in several tumors, including breast cancer. This study demonstrates that HAX1 has an impact on collective, but not single-cell migration, thus indicating the importance of cell–cell contacts for the HAX1-mediated effect. Accordingly, it was shown that HAX1 knockdown affects cell–cell junctions, substrate adhesion, and epithelial cell layer integrity. As demonstrated here, these effects can be attributed to the modulation of actomyosin contractility through changes in RhoA and septin signaling. Additionally, it was shown that HAX1 does not influence invasive potential in the breast cancer cell line, suggesting that its role in breast cancer progression may be linked instead to collective invasion of the epithelial cells but not single-cell dissemination.
Vitamin K antagonists vs. direct oral anticoagulants after transcatheter aortic valve implantation in atrial fibrillation
Authors: Butt Jawad H , De Backer Ole , Olesen Jonas B , Gerds Thomas A , Havers-Borgersen Eva , Gislason Gunnar H , Torp-Pedersen Christian , Søndergaard Lars , Køber Lars , Fosbøl Emil L
Published: October 2019

Aims

To examine the risk of arterial thromboembolism, bleeding, and all-cause mortality in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients treated with direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) vs. vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).

Methods and results

In this nationwide observational cohort study, 735 patients undergoing TAVI from 1 January 2012 to 30 June 2017 with a history of AF and who were treated with oral anticoagulants were identified using data from Danish nationwide registries. Of these, 219 (29.8%) and 516 (70.2%) patients were treated with DOACs and VKAs, respectively. The DOAC group was characterized by a higher prevalence of previous arterial thromboembolism and a lower prevalence of chronic kidney disease compared with the VKA group. The distribution of age, sex, CHA2DS2-VASc and HAS-BLED scores, and concomitant antiplatelet therapy was similar between groups. Compared with VKA, treatment with DOACs was not associated with a significantly different 3-year absolute risk of arterial thromboembolism [9.6% (95% confidence interval, CI 4.7–16.5%) vs. 7.4% (95% CI 4.9–10.5%) in the DOAC and VKA group, respectively], bleeding [14.3% (95% CI 7.6–22.9%) vs. 13.3% (95% CI 9.9–17.1%)], or all-cause mortality [32.7% (95% CI 21.8–44.0%) vs. 32.0% (95% CI 26.8–37.3%)]. In adjusted analyses, treatment with DOACs, when compared with VKAs, was not associated with a significantly different rate of arterial thromboembolism [hazard ratio (HR) 1.23 (95% CI 0.58–2.59)], bleeding [HR 1.14 (95% CI 0.63–2.06)], or all-cause mortality [HR 0.93 (95% CI 0.61–1.40)].

Conclusion

In patients with AF undergoing TAVI, treatment with DOACs was not associated with a significantly different risk of arterial thromboembolism, bleeding, or all-cause mortality compared with VKA.
A Novel Approach to Developing a Discordance Index for Older Adults With Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Hall Rasheeda K , Zhou Hui , Reynolds Kristi , Harrison Teresa N , Bowling C Barrett
Published: October 2019

Background

Older adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD)-discordant conditions (comorbid conditions with treatment recommendations that potentially complicate CKD management) have higher risk of hospitalization and death. Our goal is to develop a CKD-Discordance Index using electronic health records to improve recognition of discordance.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study included Kaiser Permanente Southern California patients aged ≥65 years and older with incident CKD (N = 30,932). To guide inclusion of conditions in the Index and weight each condition, we first developed a prediction model for 1-year hospitalization risk using Cox regression. Points were assigned proportional to regression coefficients derived from the model. Next, the CKD-Discordance Index was calculated as an individual’s total points divided by the maximum possible discordance points. The association between CKD-Discordance Index and hospitalizations, emergency department visits, and mortality was accessed using multivariable-adjusted Cox regression model.

Results

Overall, mean (SD) age was 77.9 (7.6) years, 55% of participants were female, 59.3% were white, and 32% (n = 9,869) had ≥1 hospitalization during 1 year of follow-up. The CKD-Discordance Index included the following variables: heart failure, gastroesophageal reflux disease/peptic ulcer disease, osteoarthritis, dementia, depression, cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease/asthma, and having four or more prescribers. Compared to those with a CKD-Discordance Index of 0, adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for hospitalization were 1.39 (1.27–1.51) and 1.81 (1.64–2.01) for those with a CKD-Discordance Index of 0.001–0.24 and ≥0.25, respectively (ptrend < .001). A graded pattern of risk was seen for emergency department visits and all-cause mortality.

Conclusion

A data-driven approach identified CKD-discordant indicators for a CKD-Discordance Index. Higher CKD-Discordance Index was associated with health care utilization and mortality.
Life-Course Circumstances and Frailty in Old Age Within Different European Welfare Regimes: A Longitudinal Study With SHARE
Authors: Van Der Linden Bernadette Wilhelmina Antonia , Sieber Stefan , Cheval Boris , Orsholits Dan , Guessous Idris , Gabriel Rainer , Von Arx Martina , Kelly-Irving Michelle , Aartsen Marja , Blane David , Boisgontier Matthieu P , Courvoisier Delphine , Oris Michel , Kliegel Matthias , Cullati Stéphane
Published: October 2019

Objectives

This study aimed to assess whether cumulative disadvantage in childhood misfortune and adult-life socioeconomic conditions influence the risk of frailty in old age and whether welfare regimes influence these associations.

Method

Data from 23,358 participants aged 50 years and older included in the longitudinal SHARE survey were used. Frailty was operationalized according to Fried’s phenotype as presenting either weakness, shrinking, exhaustion, slowness, or low activity. Confounder-adjusted mixed-effects logistic regression models were used to analyze associations of childhood misfortune and life-course socioeconomic conditions with frailty.

Results

Childhood misfortune and poor adult-life socioeconomic conditions increased the odds of (pre-)frailty at older age. With aging, differences narrowed between categories of adverse childhood experiences (driven by Scandinavian welfare regime) and adverse childhood health experiences (driven by Eastern European welfare regime), but increased between categories of occupational position (driven by Bismarckian welfare regime).

Discussion

These findings suggest that childhood misfortune is linked to frailty in old age. Such a disadvantaged start in life does not seem to be compensated by a person’s life-course socioeconomic trajectory, though certain types of welfare regimes affected this relationship. Apart from main occupational position, our findings do not support the cumulative dis/advantage theory, but rather show narrowing differences.