bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Revisiting the Upper Cretaceous Niobrara Petroleum System in the Rocky Mountain Region
Authors: Longman Mark
Published: May 2020

Studies of Niobrara depositional environments done during the 1980s and 1990s relied on what was understood about the processes controlling deposition in ~300 ft (~100 m) water depth at that time. A common idea was that the chalkier beds formed as carbonate-rich marine “snow” settled slowly to the sea floor to form blanket-like deposits that could be easily correlated across tens to hundreds of miles. The dominant control on chalk vs. marl deposition was thought to be relative sea level with highstands favoring chalkier deposition versus lowstands that favored the influx of some clays causing more marly deposition. Relatively recent studies of the deep-sea floor in some settings, however, have dramatically changed insights into deposition of the very fine grained (clay and silt-sized) hemipelagic deposits. Instead of a vertical rain of sediments, dynamic marine currents at depths of hundreds of feet (>100 m) can reign supreme and are now known to form scour and drift features that redistribute the sediments laterally into broadly lenticular sea-floor bars and channels that are themselves tens to hundreds of feet thick. The long (>3000 mi; 5000 km), relatively narrow (<400 mi; 650 km), north-south trend of the Western Interior Seaway between adjacent land masses made it particularly susceptible to a complex set of marine currents during Niobrara deposition that redistributed both the chalky and marly deposits. New evidence for the importance of marine currents in the Seaway during Niobrara deposition versus the traditional idea of fluctuating sea level is six-fold: 1) well-documented interfingering of the chalk and marl facies on a scale of centimeters or less, which is far too thin to be controlled by sea-level fluctuations; 2) a lack of evidence for chalk-related highstands along the seaway’s margins (e.g., in Utah and Kansas); 3) abrupt lateral changes in the thickness of chalkier deposits over distances of a mile (<2 km) or less; 4) thin (<2-inch [5 cm]) organic-rich (>15 weight % TOC) marly “kerogenites” within the clean chalk benches that are too thin to be the product of sea-level changes; 5) color-filled gamma-ray cross sections built with relatively closely spaced wells that clearly show the large-scale scour and drift features; and 6) study of modern ocean current flow patterns on deep-water hemipelagic deposits off New Zealand’s South Island and in the Mediterranean that have yielded bedforms seen on high-resolution seismic lines similar to those seen on color-filled gamma-ray cross sections of the Niobrara in the Denver Basin. Furthermore, subtle topographic features on the sea floor such as the paleo-Hartville Uplift apparently influenced current flow patterns and impacted deposition. The previously underappreciated role of currents must be accounted for when characterizing not only the deeper marine deposits of the Niobrara but also for many other marine deposits in the Western Interior Seaway. The impact of similar currents was probably also significant in other epeiric seaways around the world.
PENERAPAN ALTERNATIF PENYELESAIAN SENGKETATERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA PENCURIAN BERNILAI RINGAN
Authors: Wulandari Septiayu Restu
Published: May 2020

Penelitian mengenai penerapan alternatif penyelesaian sengketa terhadap tindak pidana pencurian bernilai ringan bertujuan untuk mengetahui perkembangan alternatif penyelesaian sengketa dalam masyarakat Indonesia dan untuk mengetahui penerapan alternatif penyelesaian sengketaterhadap tindak pidana pencurian bernilai ringan. Penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif disertai atau penelitian doktrinal ditambah dengan wawancara. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh yaitu sistem alternatif penyelesaian sengketasudah mulai berkembang sejak dulu dengan nama musyawarah adat desa dan semakin berkembang dengan dibentuknya Badan Arbitrase Nasional Indonesia (BANI) dan Pusat Mediasi Nasional (PMN). Selain itu, penerapan alternatif penyelesaian sengketaterhadap tindak pidana pencurian bernilai ringansudah diterapkan berdasarkan Surat Kapolri No.Pol/3022/XII/SDEOPS/2009 tentang Penanganan Kasus Melalui Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) dan PERMA Nomor 02 Tahun 2012 tentang Penyesuaian Batas Tindak Pidana Ringan dan Jumlah Denda dalam KUHP dengan cara memediasikan para pihak tanpa harus melimpahkan berkas ke tingkat pengadilan negeri.
PERBUATAN MELAWAN HUKUM DALAM PERJANJIAN JUAL-BELI APARTEMEN SECARA KREDIT DITINJAU DARI PASAL 1338 ayat (3) KITAB UNDANG-UNDANG HUKUM PERDATA DAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 8 TAHUN 1999 TENTANG PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN
Authors: Widiarti Ari
Published: May 2020

Jual beli adalah suatu perjanjian bertimbal-balik dalam mana pihak yang satu (si penjual) berjanji untuk menyerahkan hak milik atas suatu barang, sedang pihak yang lainnya (si pembeli) berjanji untuk membayar harga yang terdiri atas sejumlah uang sebagai imbalan dari perolehan hak milik tersebut.Pemberian kredit yang dilakukan oleh pihak bank kepada nasabah untuk membayar pembelian apartemen atas dasar kepercayaan dan keyakinan bahwa nasabah yang akan menerima kredit itu mampu dan mau mengembalikan kredit yang telah diterimanya. Dari faktor kemampuan dan kemauan tersebut, tersimpul unsur kemanan dan sekaligus juga unsur keuntungan  dari suatu kredit. Kedua unsur tersebut saling berkaitan. Suatu pinjaman yang diberikan secara khusus untuk membiayai transaksi, misalnya memperoleh barang, jasa, atau tanah disebut dalam undang-undang sebagai debitor creditor supplier agreement. Itikad baik dalam pra perjanjian dan penyusunan perjanjian mewajibkan para pihak untuk memberitahukan atau menjelaskan fakta material kepada pihak yang lain mengenai pokok yang di negoisasikan itu. PT Multi Artha Griya selaku produsen  berkewajiban untuk memberitahukan kepada konsumennya bahwa persyaratan aturan untuk pengikatan perjanjian jual beli (PPJB) dikarenakan suami dari Konsumen ternyata adalah Warga Negara Asing, maka ada syarat mutlak yang harus dipenuhi yaitu adanya perjanjian Pra-nikah antara si suami dan isteri sebelum melakukan Down Payment, sehingga konsumen akan mempertibangkan untuk membeli Apartemen tersebut atau tidak. Tidak adanya itikad baik dari produsen mengenai hal tersebut mengakibatkan produsen telah melakukan perbuatan melawan hukum yakni bertentangan dengan Pasal 4 angka 7, Pasal 7 angka 1 Undang-undang Perlindungan konsumen dan Pasal 1338 ayat 3 Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Perdata.
10-13 Yaş Grubu Çocuklarda Oyunsal Etkinliklerin Dikkat Gelişimine Etkisi
Authors: RENK Mesut , İBİŞ Serkan , AKTUĞ Zait Burak
Published: May 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı, oyunsal etkinliklerin ve fiziksel aktivite düzeyinin dikkat gelişimi üzerine etkisinin incelenmesidir. Çalışmaya 10-13 yaşları arasında 209 kız ve 230 erkek olmak üzere toplam 439 çocuk katılmıştır. Çocuklar kontrol grubu ve 14 hafta boyunca dikkati geliştirmeye yönelik eğitsel oyun oynayan deney grubu olmak üzere iki gruba ayrılmıştır. Çocukların dikkat düzeyi D2 dikkat testiyle fiziksel aktivite düzeyi ise ilköğretim öğrencileri için fiziksel aktivite anketi ile belirlenmiştir. Grupların ön testleri ile son testleri arasındaki farkı belirlemede paired t testi kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda hem deney grubunun hem de kontrol grubunun dikkat düzeylerinin son testte arttığı belirlenirken, deney grubundaki artışının kontrol grubuna göre daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Ayrıca fiziksel aktivite düzeyi yüksek olan çocukların dikkat düzeylerinin de yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Günümüzde çocukların en büyük sorunu olan dikkat eksikliğini engellemek için fiziksel aktivite seviyesinin ve oyunsal etkinliklerle geçirilecek zamanın artırılması gerektiği söylenebilir. Bu bağlamada ebeveyn ve öğretmenlerin, çocukların dikkat gelişimini arttırmak için ders programının içeriklerine, içerisinde fiziksel hareketleri de barındıran eğitsel oyunları ilave etmesi önerilebilir.
Pregnancy and parental leave among neurosurgeons and neurosurgical trainees
Authors: Gupta Mihir , Reichl Allison , Diaz-Aguilar Luis Daniel , Duddleston Pate J. , Ullman Jamie S. , Muraszko Karin M. , Timmons Shelly D. , Germano Isabelle M. , Abosch Aviva , Sweet Jennifer A. , Pannullo Susan C. , Benzil Deborah L. , Ben-Haim Sharona
Published: May 2020

OBJECTIVE

Despite recently heightened advocacy efforts relating to pregnancy and family leave policies in multiple surgical specialties, no studies to date have described female neurosurgeons’ experiences with childbearing. The AANS/CNS Section of Women in Neurosurgery created the Women and Pregnancy Task Force to ascertain female neurosurgeons’ experiences with and attitudes toward pregnancy and the role of family leave policies.

METHODS

A voluntary online 28-question survey examined the pregnancy experiences of female neurosurgeons and perceived barriers to childbearing. The survey was developed and electronically distributed to all members of the American Association of Neurological Surgeons and Congress of Neurological Surgeons who self-identified as female in February 2016. Responses from female resident physicians, fellows, and current or retired practicing neurosurgeons were analyzed.

RESULTS

A total of 126 women (20.3%) responded to the survey; 57 participants (49%) already had children, and 39 (33%) planned to do so. Participants overwhelmingly had or planned to have children during the early practice and senior residency years. The most frequent obstacles experienced or anticipated included insufficient time to care for newborns (47% of women with children, 92% of women planning to have children), discrimination by coworkers (31% and 77%, respectively), and inadequate time for completion of board requirements (18% and 51%, respectively). There was substantial variability in family leave policies, and a minority of participants (35%) endorsed the presence of any formal policy at their institution. Respondents described myriad unique challenges associated with pregnancy and family leave.

CONCLUSIONS

Pregnancy and family leave pose significant challenges to the recruitment, retention, and advancement of women in neurosurgery. It is thus imperative to promote clear family leave policies for trainees and practitioners, address discrimination surrounding these topics, and encourage forethought and flexibility to tackle obstacles inherent in pregnancy and the early stages of child rearing.
Readmission and reoperation for hydrocephalus: a population-based analysis across the spectrum of age
Authors: LeHanka Allison , Piatt Joseph
Published: May 2020

OBJECTIVE

Hydrocephalus is a common, chronic illness that generally requires lifelong, longitudinal, neurosurgical care. Except at select research centers, surgical outcomes in the United States have not been well documented. Comparative outcomes across the spectrum of age have not been studied.

METHODS

Data were derived for the year 2015 from the Nationwide Readmissions Database, a product of the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. In this data set patients are assigned state-specific codes that link repeated discharges through the calendar year. Discharges with diagnostic codes for hydrocephalus were extracted, and for each patient the first discharge defined the index admission. The study event was readmission. Observations were censored at the end of the year. In a similar fashion the first definitive surgical procedure for hydrocephalus was defined as the index operation, and the study event was reoperation for hydrocephalus or complications. Survival without readmission and survival without reoperation were analyzed using life tables and Kaplan-Meier plots.

RESULTS

Readmission rates at 30 days ranged between 15.6% and 16.8% by age group without significant differences. After the index admission the first readmission alone generated estimated hospital charges of $2.25 billion nationwide. Reoperation rates at 30 days were 34.9% for infants, 39.2% for children, 47.4% for adults, and 32.4% for elders. These differences were highly significant. More than 3 times as many index operations were captured for adults and elders as for infants and children. Estimated 1-year reoperation rates were 74.2% for shunt insertion, 63.9% for shunt revision, but only 34.5% for endoscopic third ventriculostomy. Univariate associations with survival without readmission and survival without reoperation are presented.

CONCLUSIONS

In the United States hydrocephalus is predominantly a disease of adults. Surgical outcomes in this population-based study were substantially worse than outcomes reported from research centers. High reoperation rates after CSF shunt surgery accounted for this discrepancy.
Establishing the minimum clinically important difference in Neck Disability Index and modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores for adult cervical deformity
Authors: Soroceanu Alex , Smith Justin S. , Lau Darryl , Kelly Michael P. , Passias Peter G. , Protopsaltis Themistocles S. , Gum Jeffrey L. , Lafage Virginie , Kim Han-Jo , Scheer Justin K. , Gupta Munish , Mundis Gregory M. , Klineberg Eric O. , Burton Douglas , Bess Shay , Ames Christopher P. , the International Spine Study Group
Published: May 2020

OBJECTIVE

It is being increasingly recognized that adult cervical deformity (ACD) is correlated with significant pain, myelopathy, and disability, and that patients who undergo deformity correction gain significant benefit. However, there are no defined thresholds of minimum clinically important difference (MCID) in Neck Disability Index (NDI) and modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA) scores.

METHODS

Patients of interest were consecutive patients with ACD who underwent cervical deformity correction. ACD was defined as C2–7 sagittal Cobb angle ≥ 10° (kyphosis), C2–7 coronal Cobb angle ≥ 10° (cervical scoliosis), C2–7 sagittal vertical axis ≥ 4 cm, and/or chin-brow vertical angle ≥ 25°. Data were obtained from a consecutive cohort of patients from a multiinstitutional prospective database maintained across 13 sites. Distribution-based MCID, anchor-based MCID, and minimally detectable measurement difference (MDMD) were calculated.

RESULTS

A total of 73 patients met inclusion criteria and had sufficient 1-year follow-up. In the cohort, 42 patients (57.5%) were female. The mean age at the time of surgery was 62.23 years, and average body mass index was 29.28. The mean preoperative NDI was 46.49 and mJOA was 13.17. There was significant improvement in NDI at 1 year (46.49 vs 37.04; p = 0.0001). There was no significant difference in preoperative and 1-year mJOA (13.17 vs 13.7; p = 0.12). Using multiple techniques to yield MCID thresholds specific to the ACD population, the authors obtained values of 5.42 to 7.48 for the NDI, and 1.00 to 1.39 for the mJOA. The MDMD was 6.4 for the NDI, and 1.8 for the mJOA. Therefore, based on their results, the authors recommend using an MCID threshold of 1.8 for the mJOA, and 7.0 for the NDI in patients with ACD.

CONCLUSIONS

The ACD-specific MCID thresholds for NDI and mJOA are similar to the reported MCID following surgery for degenerative cervical disease. Additional studies are needed to verify these findings. Nonetheless, the findings here will be useful for future studies evaluating the success of surgery for patients with ACD undergoing deformity correction.
Prediction of clinical height gain from surgical posterior correction of idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Langlais Tristan , Verdun Stephane , Compagnon Roxane , Ursu Catalin , Vergari Claudio , Barret Hugo , Morin Christian
Published: May 2020

OBJECTIVE

The best predictors of height gain due to surgical correction are the number of fused vertebrae and the degrees of the corrected Cobb angle. Existing studies of predictive models measured the radiographic spinal height and did not report the clinical height gain. The aims of this study were to determine the best predictive factors of clinical height gain before surgical correction, construct a predictive model using patient population data for machine learning, and test the performance of this model on a validation population.

METHODS

The authors reviewed 145 medical records of consecutive patients who underwent surgery that included placement of posterior spinal instrumentation and fusion for idiopathic scoliosis between 2012 and 2016. Standing and sitting clinical heights were measured before and after surgery in patients who had been surgically treated under similar conditions. Multivariate analysis was then performed and the results were used to develop a predictive model for height gain after surgery. The data from the included patients were randomly assigned to a learning set or a test set.

RESULTS

In total, 116 patients were included in the analysis, for whom the average postoperative clinical height gain in a standing position was 4.2 ± 1.8 cm (range 0–11 cm). The best prediction model was calculated as follows: standing clinical height gain (cm) = 1 − 0.023 × sitting clinical height (cm) − 0.19 × Risser stage + 0.058 × Cobb preoperative angle (°) + 0.021 × T5–12 kyphosis (°) + 0.14 × number of levels fused. In the validation cohort, 91% of the predicted values had an error of less than one-half of the actual height gain.

CONCLUSIONS

This predictive model formula for calculating the potential postoperative height gain after surgical treatment can be used preoperatively to inform idiopathic scoliosis patients of what outcomes they may expect from posterior spinal instrumentation and fusion (taking into account the model’s uncertainty).
Three-dimensional assessment of robot-assisted pedicle screw placement accuracy and instrumentation reliability based on a preplanned trajectory
Authors: Jiang Bowen , Pennington Zach , Zhu Alex , Matsoukas Stavros , Ahmed A. Karim , Ehresman Jeff , Mahapatra Smruti , Cottrill Ethan , Sheppell Hailey , Manbachi Amir , Crawford Neil , Theodore Nicholas
Published: May 2020

OBJECTIVE

Robotic spine surgery systems are increasingly used in the US market. As this technology gains traction, however, it is necessary to identify mechanisms that assess its effectiveness and allow for its continued improvement. One such mechanism is the development of a new 3D grading system that can serve as the foundation for error-based learning in robot systems. Herein the authors attempted 1) to define a system of providing accuracy data along all three pedicle screw placement axes, that is, cephalocaudal, mediolateral, and screw long axes; and 2) to use the grading system to evaluate the mean accuracy of thoracolumbar pedicle screws placed using a single commercially available robotic system.

METHODS

The authors retrospectively reviewed a prospectively maintained, IRB-approved database of patients at a single tertiary care center who had undergone instrumented fusion of the thoracic or lumbosacral spine using robotic assistance. Patients with preoperatively planned screw trajectories and postoperative CT studies were included in the final analysis. Screw accuracy was measured as the net deviation of the planned trajectory from the actual screw trajectory in the mediolateral, cephalocaudal, and screw long axes.

RESULTS

The authors identified 47 patients, 51% male, whose pedicles had been instrumented with a total of 254 screws (63 thoracic, 191 lumbosacral). The patients had a mean age of 61.1 years and a mean BMI of 30.0 kg/m2. The mean screw tip accuracies were 1.3 ± 1.3 mm, 1.2 ± 1.1 mm, and 2.6 ± 2.2 mm in the mediolateral, cephalocaudal, and screw long axes, respectively, for a net linear deviation of 3.6 ± 2.3 mm and net angular deviation of 3.6° ± 2.8°. According to the Gertzbein-Robbins grading system, 184 screws (72%) were classified as grade A and 70 screws (28%) as grade B. Placement of 100% of the screws was clinically acceptable.

CONCLUSIONS

The accuracy of the discussed robotic spine system is similar to that described for other surgical systems. Additionally, the authors outline a new method of grading screw placement accuracy that measures deviation in all three relevant axes. This grading system could provide the error signal necessary for unsupervised machine learning by robotic systems, which would in turn support continued improvement in instrumentation placement accuracy.
Music Computer Technologies in Education as a Tool for Implementing the Polymodality of Musical Perception
Authors: Gorbunova Irina B. , Plotnikov Konstantin Yu.
Published: May 2020

The article reveals the psychological aspects of the perception of music and interaction with it when using music computer technologies, which are a software and hardware complex (musical computer, keyboard synthesizer, DJ console, smartphone with sound programs, etc.) in conjunction with the methodology of its application in creativity and in music training. Revealing the contradictions that are typical for the educational field “Art: Music”, the authors propose and use in their research an interdisciplinary approach (psychology, neurophysiology, pedagogy, computer science and Information & Communication Technology) in a holistic consideration of the phenomenon of music in connection with the phenomenon and processes of its perception, creation, and translation. The main problem is identified as the need to identify and take into account the psychophysiological factors that affect a person when interacting with music. The goal is to study the effect of convergence of the music computer technologies, manifested through the phenomenon of polymodality of perception of an artistic image is solved through the analysis of existing interpretations of polymodality, related connotations and classifications of synesthesia, using examples of technological and cultural manifestations of the polymodal nature of perception (syncretism of arts, associativity as a method of interpretation of an artistic image). Discussed insights on the future prospects of the study of polymodality of perception and representation of the artistic image of a musical work as one of the key features actualized in music computer technologies the effect of convergence and to explore the effect of virtualization, the use of potential of these technologies and multimodal nature of human perception for the holistic understanding of works of art.
N. K. Metner – Reflecting Artist: Composer, Pianist, Teacher
Authors: Danilova Olga S.
Published: May 2020

The article is devoted to understanding the role of reflection in the multifaceted activities by Nikolai Karlovich Metner, a remarkable composer, an outstanding pianist of the 20th century, an originally thinking philosopher. We analyze the relationship of creative reflection, reflected in his literary heritage, with the author’s performing interpretations. The organic connection between the Master of composer’s thinking and performance style in the creative process is revealed. The following aspects are considered: reflection in Metner’s performance of the main composer goals and features of the composition process; the relationship of the performing style and aesthetic positions of the musician in matters of piano art. According to the author of the article, reflection as the most important feature of N. K. Metner’s creative consciousness is included in the process of composing and performing music the “dialogue with oneself” is part of the artistic image of the works that he creates, and the essence of his interpretative intentions. A holistic understanding of the art of interpretation and reflection by Metner-composer and pianist can give a key to understanding the characteristic features of his unique manner of performance, and allow us to feel the continuation of the creative process of composing music in it. It is concluded that the study of the reflexive processes by N. K. Metner in his philosophical and methodological works helps modern teachers to realize the most important professional tasks: to teach young musicians to think critically, to pose essential questions, to find their own strategies for mastering the artistic content of the studied works, and analyze their own performing experience in detail.
The Historical Role of Foreign Piano Schools in the Development of Chinese Pianism
Authors: Yanan Chen
Published: May 2020

The article reviews the influence’s features of foreign piano traditions on the establishment of the piano school of the People’s Republic of China, which are allowed comprehend possible means of integrating adopted foreign experience and Chinese national originality. Analyzing scientific research of numerous periodizations of the development of Chinese piano culture we have reviewed the international influence within three periods: 1) the first half of the XX century; 2) the 1950s – 70s of the XX century; 3) from 1978 to the present. The conclusion is made about the positive assimilation of foreign experience for the formation of the basic characteristics of the modern Chinese piano school: a thorough technical training of young pianists, an analytical approach to work with music pieces, a scientific and theoretical basis for teaching, a deep study of outstanding examples of world piano skills. It is noted, the need for further improvement of theoretical and methodological approaches for the assimilation of foreign professional achievements in the development of Chinese piano education that will give system character of foreign influences and qualitatively integrate the gained experience in the modernity teaching practice of China.
PENGARUH KETERAMPILAN MANAJERIAL KEPALA SEKOLAH DAN PELAYANAN TENAGA ADMINISTRASI TERHADAP EFEKTIVITAS KERJA GURU SMA NEGERI DI KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU
Authors: Supiyanto Supiyanto
Published: May 2020

ABSTRAK

Di sekolah masih banyak ditemukan efektivitas keja guru yang belum sesuai dengan harapan tujuan pendidikan nasional, seperti rerata hasil Ujian Nasional yang masih rendah, serta prosentasi outcome juga masih rendah. hal ini disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor, seperti lemahnya ; keterampilan manajerial kepala sekolah, pelayanan tenaga administrasi, dan sarana parasarana lainnya. Maka perlu diadakan penelitian pengaruh keterampilan manajerial kepala sekolah dan pelayanan tenaga administrasi terhadap efektivitas kerja guru. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh positif Keterampilan manajerial kepala sekolah (X1), dan Pelayanan tenaga administrasi (X2) terhadap Efektivitas kerja guru (Y). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survey melalui pendekatan kuantitatif dengan populasi berjumlah 961 orang guru SMAN di Kabupaten Indramayu. Pengolahan datanya menggunakan aplikasi program SPSS. Hasil dari penelitian ini diperoleh informasi ; (1) Terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan keterampilan manajerial kepala sekolah (X1) terhadap efektivitas kerja guru (Y), dengan besaran pengaruhnya 33%. (2) Terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan pelayanan tenaga administrasi (X2) terhadap efektivitas kerja guru (Y), dengan besaran pengaruhnya 22%.
Revisión de literatura: estilos de aprendizaje
Authors: De-la-Hoz-Hernández Juan-David , Perez Coronell Leidy , Navarro-Beltran Jorge
Published: May 2020

El presente ensayo reflexiona acerca de las ideas y teorías que existen alrededor de los estilo de aprendizaje. Define primeramente a esta herramienta como una de las formas elementales pero decisivas a la hora de adquirir conocimientos. Asimismo, como las preferencias o tendencias generales que una persona utiliza como método propio para aprender. Son estrategias que, de alguna manera, utilizamos cada uno de nosotros para aprender. Aunque unas estrategias concretas pueden variar según lo que intentamos aprender, cada uno de nosotros tiende a desarrollar un sistema global similar. Uno de los objetivos de este ensayo se fundamenta en la necesidad que tenemos las personas de aprender de formas diferentes, de acuerdo a los sentidos que consideramos nos son más útiles al recibir, procesar y responder ante la información que captamos del medio.
Incidencia del uso de la tecnología y la actividad física en estudiantes de 7 a 17 año
Authors: Pérez Patricia Cuello , Bustos Linda Chacón , Piña Astrid Guzmán , Cañas Diana Villanueva , David Mónica Arrazola
Published: May 2020

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal con 165 estudiantes del instituto Distrital de Experiencias Pedagógicas de la ciudad de Barranquilla, para valorar el nivel de actividad física. Se evaluó la edad, el género, el nivel académico, estrato socioeconómico, el IMC, perímetro de cintura y la actividad física con el uso del Cuestionario de actividad física (IPAQ-C). El 64.9% de los participantes tiene entre 8-13 años, el 51% son hombres y el 49% son mujeres, el 21.2% pertenecen al grado 5°, el 88.4% son de estrato socioeconómico 3 y 4, el 38.7% presentan sobrepeso y obesidad; y el promedio del índice de cintura de 67. Con relación a la actividad física el sedentarismo se presenta en un 65.1%; uno de cada cinco estudiantes son obesos. El 98% de los estudiantes dedican en promedio seis horas diarias a las actividades tecnológicas, así: videojuegos con un 48%, televisión con un 30% y uso de la computadora en un 20%. Sólo el 2% no realiza ningún tipo de actividad con el uso de la tecnología.

Se recomienda promover un programa de educación física con mínimo de sesenta minutos, tres veces a la semana.
Caracterización de la población que cultiva maracuyá en el municipio de Suaza- Huila
Authors: Pachón Pedraza Néstor Alonso , Monedero Jaramillo Nasly Alejandra
Published: May 2020

Objetivo: Este trabajo tiene por objeto el análisis de la cadena productiva del maracuyá (Passiflora Edulis) y los factores que inciden el deterioro de la fruta que llegas hasta el consumidor final. Por tal motivo este análisis inicia con la caracterización de la población cultivadora de maracuyá en el municipio de Suaza – Huila, siendo este el mayor productor de la fruta en el departamento y el cual será protagonista de la investigación.

Metodología: El agricultor de Suaza es un campesino de edad promedio entre los 43 – 48 años de esas, con un nivel básico de escolaridad, quien posee un núcleo familiar de alrededor cinco personas; los cuales sustenta con sus ganancias de aproximadamente 1 – 2 smmlv. Sus predios cuentan con una expansión promedio de tierra de 1,5 a 3 ha, en donde aproximadamente el 50\% del área lo disponen para el cultivo de maracuyá.

Resultado: Semanalmente en época de cosecha de maracuyá, se recolecta en promedio 200Kg; para lo cual se hace necesaria la contratación de jornales, que complementen las jornadas de fumigación, poda, recolección y clasificación. Sin embargo el agricultor no atribuye las pérdidas de fruta al sistema de transporte, sino al proceso de cosecha y poscosecha. Asegurando así que; 3 de cada 10 frutas se pierden en la cosecha y 1 de cada 10 al sistema de empaque.

Conclusión: Dejando esta información preocupación por la pérdida de alrededor del 40\% de una fruta que es promesa de exportación y de la cual el consumidor final no alcanza gozar de las cualidades de esta en su máxima calidad. Abriendo así la puerta para múltiples investigaciones que contribuyan al mejoramiento de técnicas y procesos en la cadena productiva de la Passiflora.
PENGARUH PENYULUHAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP KELUARGA TENTANG STRATEGI PELAKSANAAN HALUSINASI DI PUSKESMAS MANGASA
Authors: Nasar Rahman
Published: May 2020

Keluarga merupakan sistem pendukung utama dalam perawatan pasien jiwa dalam mencegah kekambuhan dan mempercepat rehabilitasi agar dapat kembali produktif. Oleh karenanya dibutuhkan kemampuan strategi tindakan dalam melakukan perawatan di rumah. Strategi Pelaksanaan Tindakan Keperawatan merupakan alat yang dijadikan sebagai panduan oleh seorang perawat jiwa ketika berinteraksi dengan klien. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah diketahuinya pengaruh penyuluhan dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan keluarga tentang strategi pelaksanaan tindakan keperawatan jiwa. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara quasy eksperimen dengan desain pretets-postest kelompok kontrol subjek random. Penelitian dilaksanakan di wilayah kerja PKM Mangasa Makassar Sampel dalam penelitian ini diambil secara total samping, yaitu 30 kepala keluarga yang mempunyai anggota keluarga mengalami halusinasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya perbedaan tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap responden setelah dilakukan penyuluhan. Rata-rata skor pengetahuan setelah intervensi 33,53 (95% CI; 32,94 -34,12) dan sikap 13,06 (95% CI; 10,51 – 11,75).  Peneliti menyarankan perlunya pemberian penyuluhan secara berkesinambungan demi meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap keluarga mengenai perawatan pasien halusinasi, perlunya melibakan kelompok masyarakat untuk menciptakan support system pada pasien gangguan jiwa, serta perlunya dibentuk kelompok masyarakat sadar kesehatan jiwa sebagai wadah untuk melayani dan melatih keluarga pasien jiwa.
KEPATUHAN IBU HAMIL DALAM MEMINUM TABLET Fe DENGAN KEJADIAN ANEMIA DI PUSKESMAS MACCINI SAWAH KOTA MAKASSAR
Authors: Chalik Raimundus
Published: May 2020

Di negara Indonesia rendahnya kesehatan ditandai dengan masih tingginya angka kematian ibu WHO, 40% kematian ibu di negara berkembang berkaitan dengan anemia dalam kehamilan. Penyebab paling umum dari anemia pada kehamilan adalah kekurangan zat besi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kepatuhan ibu hamil dalam meminum tablet Fe dengan kejadian anemia. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptik analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Pengambilan data dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni-Agusstus 2018 di Puskesmas Maccini Sawah Kota Makassar. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara prospektif. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 93 orang yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Instrumen MMAS-8 digunakan untuk mengukur kepatuhan pengobatan. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji dan analisis multivariat dengan regresi logistik gandaHasil penelitian menemukan 84,9% ibu hamil yang patuh meminum tablet Fe. Dari nilai ini 67,1% yang tidak mengalami anemia dan 32,9% anemia. Analisis chi-square menemukan variabel yang berhubungan dengan kejadian anemia adalah kepatuhan dan paritas (p < 0,05). Selanjutnya pada analisis regresi logistik ganda menemukan hanya variabel kepatuhan saja yang memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan kejadian anemia (p < 0,05, OR 5,096). Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa risiko anemia 5,096 kali pada ibu hamil yang tidak patuh dalam meminum tablet Fe dibadingan dengan yang patuh.Kata kunci : kepatuhan, anemia, ibu hamil, Puskesmas Maccini Sawah
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN, MOTIVASI, DAN SIKAP DENGAN KEPATUHAN DIET PADA PENDERITA DM TIPE 2 DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS SUDIANG RAYA KOTA MAKASSAR.
Authors: Jaya Hj. Ningsih , Muhasidah Muhasidah , Rahmiyanti Rahmiyanti
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT In stabilizing blood glucose levels in patients with DM especially DM type 2, through increasing diet compliance, diet compliance is very important in order to achieve success in treatment. Obedience is an individual's willingness to do something that is expected or requested by the authority or power holder which is marked by willingness, obedience, and making a desire to meet the expectations or adjusted expectations of others. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation of knowledge, motivation, and attitude with diet compliance in patients with type 2 diabetes. The method was cross sectional research. The sampling technique in this study was non random sampling technique with a purposive sampling method with a total sample 51 people. The results of this study indicated based on chi-square analysis found there was a correlation between knowledge with diet compliance with a significant value (p = 0,000), there was a correlation between motivation with diet compliance with a significant value (p = 0.003), there was a correlation between attitude and diet compliance with a significant value ( p = 0.001). So it can be concluded that there was a correlation between knowledge, motivation, and attitude with diet compliance in patients with Type 2 diabetes. Keywords: DM Type 2, Knowledge, Motivation, Attitude, Diet Compliance. ABSTRAK         Dalam menstabilkan kadar glukosa darah pada penderita DM terutama DM tipe 2 yaitu meningkatkan kepatuhan dietnya, kepatuhan diet ini sangat berperan penting guna untuk mencapai keberhasilan dalam terapi. Kepatuhan adalah kerelaan individu untuk melakukan sesuatu yang diharapkan atau diminta oleh pemegang otoritas atau kekuasaan yang ditandai dengan kerelaan, mengalah, membuat suatu keinginan konformitas dengan harapan atau kemauan orang lain sehingga dapat menyesuaikan diri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah Untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan, motivasi, dan sikap dengan kepatuhan diet pada penderita DM tipe 2. Metode penelitian cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini teknik non random sampling dengan metode purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 51 orang. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan berdasarkan analisis chi – square didapatkan ada hubungan pengetahuan dengan kepatuhan diet dengan nilai bermakna (p=0,000), ada hubungan motivasi dengan kepatuhan diet dengan nilai bermakna (p=0,003), ada hubungan sikap dengan kepatuhan diet dengan nilai bermakna (p=0,001).sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan prngetahuan, motivasi, dan sikap dengan kepatuhan diet pada penderita DM Tipe 2. Kata Kunci : DM Tipe 2, pengetahuan, motivasi, sikap, kepatuhan diet.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN POLA MAKAN DENGAN KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH PADA PASIEN DM TIPE 2 DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS MANGASA KOTA MAKASSAR
Authors: Ermawati Ermawati -
Published: May 2020

Penyakit Diabetes Melitus (DM) merupakan penyakit degeneratif yang memerlukan upaya penanganan yang tepat dan serius. Apabila tidak dilakukan penanganan secara cermat, dampak dari penyakit tersebut dapat menyebabkan berbagai komplikasi penyakit serius lainnya, di antaranya, jantung, stroke, disfungsi ereksi, gagal ginjal, dan kerusakan system syaraf. Tujuan penelitian ini Untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan pola makan dengan kadar glukosa darah pasien DM tipe 2 di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Mangasa Kota Makassar. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan menggunakan alat bantu pertanyaan untuk melihat hubungan antara variabel penelitian. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua pasien diabetes melitus  di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Mangasa Kota Makassar pada Bulan Juli – Agustus 2018, Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi yang berjumlah 40 responden. Tehnik pengambilan sampel adalah non probability sampling yaitu secara accidental sampling artinya peneliti mengumpulkan data dari subyek yang ditemui dan dalam jumlah secukupnya. Hasil penelitian dengan Uji statistk chi square menunjukkan bahwa H0 ditolak yang berarti ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan dengan kadar  glukosa darah pasien, dimana P Value = 0.013 < dari nilai α=0.05, selanjutnya Uji statistik chi square dengan fisher axact test menunjukkan bahwa H0 ditolak yang berarti ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pola makan dengan kadar  glukosa darah pasien, dimana P Value = 0.003 < dari nilai α=0.05. peneliti sarankan untuk peneliti selanjutnya untuk mengkaji faktor-faktor lain yang berpengaruh terhadap kadar glukosa responden
TERAPI AKUPRESURE TERHADAP KESEIMBANGAN GLUKOSA DARAH PADA PASIEN DM TIPE 2 DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS JUMPANDANG BARU MAKASSAR
Authors: Jamaluddin Maryam , Prasetyo Wahyuni Maria
Published: May 2020

Penyakit DM merupakan penyakit metabolik yang dapat menimbulkan berbagai komplikasi. Keadaan ini sangat memengaruhi kualitas hidup penyandang DM sehingga perlu mendapatkan perhatian serius dari semua pihak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah Untuk mengetahui pengaruh Accupresure terhadap keseimbangan glukosa darah pasien DM diwilayah kerja puskesmas Makassar. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian Quasy Experiment dengan bentuk Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di Puskesmas Jumpandang Baru Makassar pada bulan Juni sampai dengan September. Pada Penelitian ini populasinya adalah seluruh penderita Diabetes Melitus yang ada di wilayah kerja Jumpandang Baru Makassar. Dari populasi tersebut kemudian di ambil sejumlah sampel untuk dijadikan responden berdasarkan consecutive sampling dengan besaran sampel menggunakan tabel wilcoxon dengan tingkat kemaknaan 5% yaitu minimal 6 sampel, dengan pertimbangan sampel yang drop out  dan kekuatan sampel maka peneliti mengambil 15 sampel dalam masing-masing kelompok intervensi dan kontrol. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan ada pengaruh yang signifikan pemberian terapi akupresure terhadap keseimbangan glukosa darah pada pasien DM tipe 2 dengan nilai p=0.005 pada kelompok intervensi dan p=0.977 pada kelompok control. Terapi akupresur terbukti mampu mengurangi glukosa darah dan sangat membantu untuk mengurangi komplikasi akibat diabetes, Terapi akupresur dianggap sebagai terapi alternative yang paling efektif untuk mengontrol diabetes dibandingkan dengan terapi lainnya. Akupresur terbukti mampu mengurangi glukosa darah dan sangat membantu untuk mengurangi komplikasi akibat diabetes. Terapi gabungan (terapi akupresur, hipnoterapi, dan Transcendental Meditation) mungkin penting pada populasi pasien diabetes tipe 2 untuk terapi psiko-fisiologis tingkat lanjut.Kata kunci : Akupresur, DM tipe 2, Hba1C
Mandala Colouring Therapy And Cognitive Function In Elderly With Dementia
Authors: Ayu TP Noor Rochmah Ida , Setyaningsih Reni Dwi , Sukmaningtyas Wilis
Published: May 2020

Dementia is a disorder of cognitive function in eldery. It is as one sign of an aging process, where there is a metabolic decline in the brain. Non-pharmacalogical theraphy with art theraphy, Mandala Therapy, believed to improved the cognitive function of older adult with dementia.This study aims to determain the effect of Mandala Therapy to improving cogntive function in elderly. Mandala Colouring Theraphy,which is expected to be able to help  elderly  to increase focus, concentration, reduce anxiety and can be an inherent process of meditation. The research design in this study used quasy experimental with the sample as 37 elderly. The measurement of cognitive function was carried out using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) instrument which was carried out before and after the Mandala color therapy. The results found not significant difference between before and after Mandala colouring therapy (p = 0.324) with a mean decline of 0.69 points, but there were significant differences based on the severity of cognitive function disorders. Coloring therapy needs to be done routinely and continuously in order to provide meaningful results.
FORMULASI SEDIAAN KRIM A/M DENGAN VARIASI KONSENTRASI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAGING BUAH PEPAYA (Carica Papaya) MENGGUNAKAN EMULGATOR TWEEN 80 DAN SPAN 80
Authors: Puspita Gita , Sugihartini Nining , Wahyuningsih Iis
Published: May 2020

Papaya (Carica papaya) contains flavonoid and phenolic compounds proven to have sunscreen and antithyrosinase activity. For this reason, there is a need to formulate them in the form of cream preparations. This study analyzes the effect of the ethanol extract concentration of papaya flesh in the form of A / M cream preparations on their physical properties. The extracts were obtained using the maceration method with 70% ethanol solvent in A / M cream preparations and concentrations of 1%, 3%, and 5% through Tween 80 and Span 80 emulgators. Creams were evaluated for physical properties, including pH, adhesion, dispersion, viscosity, and physical stability. The test results showed that an increase in the concentration of ethanol extract led to a decrease in pH (p <0.05), viscosity (p <0.05), adhesion (p <0.05), and an increase in dispersion (p <0.05). Additionally, phase separation occurs at a concentration of 5% papaya fruit extract cream. These results show that variations in the ethanol extract concentration of papaya fruit influence the physical properties of A / M cream.Keywords: Carica papaya; A / M cream; Physical Properties.Pepaya (Carica papaya) mengandung senyawa flavonoid dan fenolik  yang terbukti memiliki aktivitas sebagai tabir surya dan antitirosinase sehingga perlu diformulasikan dalam bentuk sediaan krim. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi ekstrak etanol daging buah papaya dalam bentuk sediaan krim A/M terhadap sifat fisik sediaan. Ekstraksi buah papaya diperoleh dengan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 70% dalam sediaan krim A/M dengan konsentrasi 1% (FI), 3% (F2) Dan 5% (F3). Krim dievaluasi sifat fisik meliputi pH, daya lekat, dan daya sebar, viskositas dan stabilitas fisik. Hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan konsentrasi ekstrak etanol buah papaya menyebabkan penurunan pH (p<0.05), viskositas (p<0.05), daya lekat (p<0.05), peningkatan daya sebar (p<0.05). Terjadi pemisahan fase pada konsentrasi 5% krim ekstrak buah papaya. Berdasarkan hasil dapat disimpulkan bahwa variasi konsentrasi ekstrak etanol daging buah papaya memiliki pengaruh terhadap sifat fisik krim A/MKata kunci : Carica papaya; krim A/M; Sifat Fisik
IDENTIFIKASI KANDUNGAN BAKTERI Escherichia coli dan Salmonella PADA BURGER YANG DIJUAL PEDAGANG KAKI LIMA DI KOTA MAKASSAR
Authors: Noviana Noviana , Ruhban Andi
Published: May 2020

Berdasarkan survai awal yang dilakukan dalam proses pembuatan burger dapat dilihat pedagang cenderung tidak memperhatikan hygiene sanitasi makanan yang baik seperti tidak memakai sarung tangan, tidak memperhatikan kebersihan tempat pengolahan, air yang digunakan dan berbicara pada saat melakukan proses pengolahan sehingga berdampak memindahkan penyakit ke konsumen. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keberadaan bakteri E.coli dan Salmonella  pada burger yang dijual pedagang kaki lima di kota Makassar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan secara observasi yang melalui pengamatan langsung dilapangan dan pemeriksaan laboratorium sebanyak 4 sampel yang diambil dijalan dijalan Rappocini, Banta-Bantaeng, Andi Djemma dan Hertasning dengan metode tabung fermentasi, endo agar dan metode gores. Berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium untuk parameter E.coli dan Salmonella pada burger yang dijual pedagang kaki lima dijalan Rappocini, Banta-Bantaeng, Andi Djemma dan Hertasning masing-masing menunjukkan hasil negatif. Hal ini memenuhi syarat berdasarkan peraturan Kepala Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan Republik Indonesia Nomor HK.00.06.1.52.4011, tentang cemaran mikroba pada makanan. Dari hasil uji laboratorium diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa keberadaan bakteri E.coli dan Salmonella pada burger yang dijual pedagang kaki lima dijalan Rappocini, Banta-Bantaeng, Andi Djemma dan Hertasning menunjukkan hasil negatif. Hal ini burger tidak mempunyai masalah dikarenakan pengolahan daging dengan menggunakan suhu didih dan suhu penyimpanan makanan yang baik sehingga peluang terjadinya kontaminasi bakteri pada makanan secara langsung tidak terjadi. Kata kunci : E.coli, Salmonella, Burger dan Pedagang Kaki Lima