bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Negation in Hamar
Authors: Sisay Mendisu Binyam
Published: September 2020

This study deals with the negation of declarative and interrogative main clauses, imperatives, and non-verbal and existential sentences in Hamar, an Aroid language of the Omotic language family. It describes the ways in which negation is expressed in the language, and positions the discussion in light of cross-linguistic observations made by Dahl (1979, 2010), Payne (1985), Miestamo (2005, 2007), Eriksen (2011) and others. The morpheme -t- is used in Hamar to mark negation in both verbal and non-verbal clauses. This means that Hamar has a morphological or affixal negation (Dahl 2010). The language uses two different sets of subject agreement affixes for the affirmative and negative counterparts. While affirmative sentences employ a shortened pronoun, a set of agreement suffixes is used in the negative. In this study, it is suggested that the negative verbs may have preserved older subject agreement morphemes which are now lost in the affirmative, as negatives are less affected by innovation, cf. Zargulla in Azeb 2009 and Canadian French in Poplack 2001. Moreover, close interaction is reported between negation and TAM (Tense, Aspect and Mood) categories. For example, some of the aspect/tense categories that occur in the affirmative are neutralised in the negative. Negative constructions in Hamar are not only different from their affirmative counterparts due to the presence of the negation morpheme –t-, but also in terms of subject agreement marking and tense/aspect categories. As a result, it is argued that Hamar has an asymmetric negation system, cf. Miestamo 2005.
Some Observations on Hadiyyisa Orthography
Authors: Mazengia Shimelis
Published: September 2020

This study attempts to identify aspects of the orthography of Hadiyyisa (one of the Highland East Cushitic languages) that need to be improved and to suggest possible solutions to this. Accordingly, a short Hadiyyisa paragraph was dictated to and was written by randomly selected elementary, high school and first-year university students. The results showed that the students had a problem of distinguishing phonological quantity, that is, between simplex and geminate consonants as well as between short and long vowels. Consequently, representing geminates and long vowels as simple segments occurred frequently. Some aspects of orthographic inconvenience which require adjustments were encountered and solutions were suggested from the perspectives of regularity and economy. Yet another constraint was suggested in relation to the transferability of incompatible knowledge of Hadiyyisa to English. The performance of female students, especially at high school and university levels, was found to be lower than that of the male students and the study suggests that this needs to be further investigated.
Language Planning Challenged by Identity Contestation in a Multilingual Setting: the Case of Gamo
Authors: Woldemariam Hirut
Published: September 2020

A common language-planning problem in places with plural societies is deciding which language should be the language of education. Indeed, de-cisions regarding which languages should be established as the medium of instruction (MOI hereafter) are political decisions which, if ill managed, can lead to appalling consequences. Often, political ideologies and identity contestations interact with and bring influence to on the interpretation of linguistic endeavors. Linguistic diversity in the Gamo area has become entangled with political interests in the process of (re)articulating and implementing the current multilingual language policy in Ethiopia. Contrasting positions have been taken in the course of implementation of the policy. On the one hand, the local authorities have tended to adopt a type of assimilationist approach. Considering the close genetic relationship among the linguistic groups, a common MOI has been prescribed for several ethno-linguistic groups in the former North Omo Zone. On the other hand, despite the existing strong linguistic similarities and mutual intelligibility, various groups have asserted that they differ from each other. Mutual intelligibility between them has been denied. The process has resulted in unstable language planning. The issue of identity and distinctiveness has persisted even among the subgroups of Gamo, the focus of this study. This shows that the language of education has been viewed both as a social practice and as a symbolic system through which identity is marked and represented. The issue of the language of education has become complex in multilingual settings of Gamo, since it is compounded with ethnic identity. In the Gamo area, the situation has resulted in the repeated alteration of language planning and reorganization of the structure of the administrative unit. The aim of this study is to investigate the trajectories and challenges of implementing the new language policy in the multilingual administrational unit to which Gamo belongs. It shows how issues of identity have made it difficult to achieve settled language planning in a multilingual area.
Introduction
Authors: Behrens Bergljot , Fabricius-Hansen Cathrine , Helland Hans Petter , Pitz Anneliese Pauline
Published: September 2020

Introduction to Possessives in L2 and translation: basic principles and empirical findings.
Il lessico musicale nei modi di dire in italiano e in norvegese
Authors: Nardocci Margrethe Førre
Published: September 2020

This study describes Italian idiomatic expressions with musical lexis compared to Norwegian idioms from the same semantic field. Lexical and semantic criteria are used for the analysis. The corpus created for this purpose contains 157 expressions collected from different lexicographic sources. Several correspondences have been observed between Norwegian and Italian idioms: for example, string instruments are often used for expression describing moods, whereas wind instruments often have a negative connotation. At the same time, Italian idioms contain many key concepts that are often missing in Norwegian culture; for example, terms used to describe the liturgy and prayer (e.g., antifona ‘antiphon’, messa ‘mass’, gloria ‘glory’, vespro ‘vespers’, and litania ‘litany’). Another interesting observation concerns the particular use of some verbs in Italian idioms: for example, suonare can signify ‘to beat’, and cantare come un canarino means ‘to betray a secret’.
Identity Criteria of Common Nouns and dot-types for Copredication
Authors: Chatzikyriakidis Stergios , Luo Zhaohui
Published: September 2020

Copredication, especially when combined with quantification, provides interesting examples to support the idea that common nouns have their own identity criteria, as once argued for by Geach and subsequently studied by others. In this paper, revisiting the use of dot-types in modern type theories to model copredication, we show that, when both copredication and quantification are involved, CNs are not just types but should better be interpreted as types associated with their own identity criteria. In other words, formally, CNs are setoids – pairs whose first component is a type that interprets the domain of a CN and whose second component gives the identity criterion for that CN. For copredication with quantification, identity criteria play an essential role in giving a proper treatment of individuation and counting and hence constructing appropriate semantics to facilitate reasoning correctly. With CNs being setoids, the dot-type approach provides an adequate theory for copredication in general and for copredication with quantification in particular. It is further explained that the CNs-as-types approach is still the appropriate characterisation of our approach to interpreting CNs since, in phenomena that do not involve the interaction of copredication with quantification, the identity criteria of related CNs are essentially the same and can be safely ignored.
A contrastive analysis of Russian and Norwegian utterance-initial coordinating conjunctions
Authors: Post Margje
Published: September 2020

In the study presented here, the three Russian basic additive and contrastive coordinating conjunctions i, a and no were compared to their two Norwegian counterparts og and men when used in utterance-initial position. By means of a direct comparison of sentences from Russian and Norwegian novels and their translations, both differences between the languages and language-internal boundaries between the conjunctions were made apparent. A core meaning was formulated for each of the five conjunctions. Their basic properties account not only for their use in general, but they can also explain certain specific qualities and conditions for pragmatic use in utterance-initial position.
Cross-linguistic semantic prosody: The case of ‘commit’, ‘signs of’ and ‘utterly’ and their Norwegian correspondences
Authors: Ebeling Signe Oksefjell
Published: September 2020

This paper reports on a contrastive study of semantic prosody in English and Norwegian. Semantic prosody refers to the communicative function of extended units of meaning (Sinclair 1996, Stubbs 2013), i.e. «the semantic prosody of an item is the reason why it is chosen, over and above the semantic preferences that also characterise it» (Sinclair 1998: 20), where an item is equated with the sequence of words constituting an extended unit of meaning.

The paper presents three case studies of English units with an established negative prosody containing the core items ‘commit’, ‘signs of’ and ‘utterly’. The Norwegian correspondences of these items are identified on the basis of a bidirectional corpus, viz. the English-Norwegian Parallel Corpus. These correspondences serve as the starting point for an investigation of cross-linguistic prosodies. It is shown that while units with ‘commit’ and ‘signs of’ have good Norwegian matches in terms of semantic prosody, units with ‘utterly’ are less stable across the two languages, underlining the importance of carrying out studies of this kind in order to improve the cross-linguistic understanding of extended units of meaning. This in turn has implications for how teachers, translators and lexicographers choose to present words in isolation or as part of larger, extended units.
The Real, the Apparent, and What is eigentlich
Authors: Eckardt Regine
Published: September 2020

In this paper, I will propose a uniform analysis for adjectival and

certain instances of adverbial eigentlich. The analysis rests

on the assumption that eigentlich contrasts the nominal

content of a concept C with a contextually given notion of

phenomenological evidence for C-hood. eigentlich

offers the semantic frame to refer to two ways of C-hood which

are usually supplied by context. In the adjectival use, the discourse

content should provide an N exemplar in the true sense (an

eigentliches N) along with an apparent N, thereby

proving the two notions to be different. In the adverbial use, the

message conveyed is usually that the actual world nominally

satisfies some proposition p (eigentlich, p) while

the actual world looks as if a contrasting proposition

q were the case. The analysis improves on earlier accounts in

German descriptive linguistics in that it offers a fully compositional

account of the semantic and pragmatic contribution of

eigentlich in a wide variety of constructions, including

focus, contrastive topic and questions. The analysis proposes a

delineation of eigentlich as an emotive marker which differs

from the content use in prosody, syntax, focus sensitivity and meaning.
‘Ser’, ‘estar’, ‘ficar’, ‘haver’ e ‘ter’ contra ‘ha’, ‘bli’ e ‘være’: quem disse que era fácil traduzir sentimentos e sensações?
Authors: Santos Diana
Published: September 2020

It is well known that some kinds of expressions with so-called “have” and “be” verbs behave differently across languages, as is the case with Portuguese and Norwegian ‘tenho medo/pena’ (have) or ‘være redd/lei’ (be). But to what extent is this difference important for the translation of this class of verbs (given that there are a few that literally correspond to English ‘be’ and ‘have’, in the two languages)?

In this paper I discuss what a corpus of (student) translations between Portuguese and Norwegian (PoNTE) can tell us about eight very frequent verbs (five Portuguese and three Norwegian), that range from auxiliaries to full lexical verbs,and which stand out as some of the most challenging ones to learn for foreign learners. After presenting an overview of their occurrence, in original and translated text, I go deeper into the functions of the Portuguese verbs by classifying every case in the source texts according to fifteen categories, thereby providing an interesting bird’s eye view of their distribution. I then narrow my study down to the cases where feelings or sensations or moral judgements are expressed, and present their full range of translations to illustrate the many issues involved. I end the paper on the subject of translation complexities by presenting further interesting cases involving (the translation of) these verbs.
En meningsløs norsk perfektum i kontrafaktiske kondisjonalsetninger
Authors: Grønn Atle
Published: September 2020

The paper explores the temporal organization of counterfactual conditionals with focus on the perfect auxiliary `ha’ (= `have’) in Norwegian. Data from the Oslo Multilingual Corpus suggest that languages like English, German and French are more well-behaved at the syntax-semantics interface when it comes to the use of the (past) perfect in counterfactuals. Indeed, in all Indo-European languages `have-/be-’ in the antecedent of past counterfactuals will typically be semantically empty. However, in Scandinavian the perfect is ambiguous all over the place in counterfactual conditionals. In fact, the temporal auxiliary can optionally be absent in the overt syntax, or it may be overtly expressed but interpreted as identity in the semantics or it can have its expected meaning as a backward shifter. In the latter case, the backward shift can outscope the bare conditional (genuine past counterfactuals) or take local scope inside the antecedent or consequent.
Pløyelagsfunn i skjæringspunktet mellom forskningspotensial og forvaltningsprioriteringer: Fokus og holdninger i diskusjonen om privat metallsøking i Norge
Authors: Fredriksen Caroline
Published: September 2020

During the last decade, hobbyist metal detecting has increased in Norway, and causes both issues and opportunities for archaeological research and heritage management. Metal objects found in the plough-zone present important issues for both archaeological research and heritage management. In this paper, I review recent papers discussing hobbyist metal detecting in Norway. The main objective is to identify regulations, focuses and attitudes regarding hobbyist metal detecting, and to define the most important issues brought up by the discussants. Discussants seem to either emphasise protection of plough-zone finds, or problematise the relation between hobbyist metal detecting and protection of automatically protected sites. I suggest discussants should focus on a larger topic – the purpose of in situ protection of invisible sites in the plough-zone.
Feltkurs som læringsform. 50 år med arkeologisk feltutdanning ved Universitetet i Oslo.
Authors: Mjærum Axel , Solheim Steinar
Published: September 2020

The archaeological field course is the forum where many archaeology students meet and take part in an archaeological excavation for the first time. To excavate and generate scientific data through excavations is at the core of the archaeological discipline. For that reason, introducing students for theoretical and practical knowledge about field archaeology have been a central part of the discipline for the last 150 years at Norwegian universities. In this paper, we look closer at how the field course has developed at the University of Oslo during the last half century. Based on a compiled overview of field courses, we discuss how the field course has developed and changed over time in relation to the development in the discipline and higher education at large. A central question is whether the field course succeed in giving the students skills to perform an excavation and document the process. A main find is that collegial knowledge transfer run as a thread through the disciplines’ history as the most important way of training new archaeologists.
Gustaf Trotzig: Arkeologins fotografier. Några milstolpar. KVHAA Handlingar Antikvariska serien 56. Mölndal 2018. 328 s.
Authors: Østmo Einar
Published: September 2020

Bokanmeldelse
Selvmordsforebygging skal sitte i veggene: om bygging av nytt Østfoldsykehus
Authors: Gjelstad Kari , Larsen Kim
Published: September 2020

Planlegging av bygging og innredning av psykiatriske akuttavdelinger er en prosess som fordrer et blikk for arkitekturens rolle i å påvirke menneskelig adferd og samspill, og bevissthet om viktigheten av arkitektur og innredning i det selvmordsforebyggende arbeidet. En psykiatrisk avdeling skal ha høy grad av sikkerhet mot mulighet for villet egenskade og selvmord, samtidig som den skal gi gode rammer for terapeutisk arbeid og ivareta pasientenes privatliv og integritet på best mulig måte. Artikkelen beskriver erfaringer fra planleggingen av nytt Østfoldsykehus, og gir eksempler på de prosesser og avveininger som legger grunnlag for utforming av bygg og lokaler, samt for valg av materialer og utstyr i en psykiatrisk avdeling. The planning of the construction and furnishing of acute psychiatric wards demands a keen eye for the role of architecture in influencing human behaviour and interaction, and an awareness of the importance of architecture and fixtures in suicide prevention. A psychiatric ward needs a high standard of security to prevent deliberate self-harm and suicide. At the same time, the ward should provide a good location for therapeutic work, and respect the patients' integrity and need for privacy. The paper describes experiences from the planning of a new hospital in Østfold county, and presents examples from the process of cooperation between builder, architects and psychiatric personnel in the construction and furnishing of the psychiatric ward at a new hospital. The paper focuses on the design of the building and facilities as well as choice of materials, fixtures and furniture.
Wirtschaftsstrafrecht
Authors: Brettel Hauke , Schneider Hendrik
Published: September 2020

This book is mainly addressed to students who would like to inform themselves about criminal law relating to economic offences. Therefore especially didactic mediums like case studies and catch-words are used to show continuative perspectives. To support understanding this field of law, not only the relevant law is demonstrated. In fact also the roots of criminal law relating to economic offences and impacts on the General Part of the Penal Code of the Federal Republic of Germany are shown. Furthermore the book concentrates on measures to prevent crime in corporations, which are referred to as Compliance. Also Prof. Brettel´s and Prof. Schneider’s practical skills and experiences as defenders had influence on this book.
Schädigermehrheit im europäischen internationalen Deliktsrecht
Authors: Schulte Julia
Published: September 2020

Die Rom II-Verordnung behandelt die Schädigermehrheit im internationalen Deliktsrecht nur unzureichend. Dies betrifft die abweichende objektive und subjektive Anknüpfung in einer von mehreren Schädiger-Geschädigten-Beziehungen, die Zurechnung bei mehreren Tatorten und den Regress. Das Ergebnis sind Statutenspaltungen und gemeinsame Anknüpfungen ohne klares System. Zur Entwicklung einer kohärenten Auslegung werden die relevanten Fallgruppen innerhalb der Verordnung systematisch aufgearbeitet, Zurechnungskriterien im Internationalen Zivilverfahrens- und materiellen EU-Recht (wie dem Verkehrsunfall-, Produkthaftungs- und Kartellschadensersatzrecht, öffentlichen Umwelt- und Strafrecht) aufgezeigt und rechtsvergleichende Ansätze herangezogen.
Stock Markets of the Visegrad Countries after Their Accession to the European Union
Authors: Grabowski Wojciech
Published: September 2020

In this chapter, interlinkages between stock markets in CEE-4 countries and capital markets in developed countries are analyzed. Changes of variance on stock markets in Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Hungary are identified. Differences among countries are analyzed. Capital markets of these countries are compared in terms of market efficiency. Moreover, co-movements of stock markets in Visegrad countries with capital markets in developed countries are studied. Different specifications of multivariate GARCH models are studied. Asymmetric GARCH-BEKK model and Asymmetric Generalized Dynamic Conditional Correlation model are considered.
Urban Sprawl
Authors: Paramasivam Balamurugan , Arumugavelu Illanthirayan
Published: September 2020

Swift progress in urban areas can pilot to urban sprawl, where new components are urbanized around the external boundaries of urban areas, frequently taking up important farmland. Many tenants want better residence, comfortable space, and calm and safe environment, which they discover in the new suburban growth far separate from the center of the city. This kind of expansion requires the addition of utilities and the transport network, as well as the precautions of services such as education, amusement, medical facilities, and commercial services. A number of Indian cities, for example, have a “Delhi,” a “Mumbai,” and other cultural-based communities that reflect our multi-cultural people. Historical information said, many Indian immigrants who lived in these neighborhoods were poorly treated and subject to racism and discrimination by the general people. Urbanization is a truth of life in most cities in India and around the world.
Integrated Molecular Profiling as an Approach to Identify PI3K Inhibitor Resistance Mechanisms
Authors: L. Michmerhuizen Nicole , Wang Jiayu , Brenner J. Chad
Published: September 2020

The identification of drug resistance pathways and approaches to target these pathways remains a significant and important challenge in cancer biology. Here, we address this challenge in the context of ongoing efforts to advance phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors for the treatment of PI3K-aberrant cancers. While PI3K inhibitors have had tremendous success in some diseases, such as breast cancer, early clinical trials in other malignancies, such as head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), have not had the same level of success. Since HNSCC and other cancers display relatively high PI3K pathway alteration rates (>45%), these underwhelming results suggest that additional or unexpected factors may contribute to the lower response rates. Here, we highlight some of the emerging functional genomic and sequencing approaches being used to identify predictive biomarkers of PI3K inhibitor response using both cancer cell lines and clinical trial specimens. Importantly, these approaches have uncovered both innate genetic and adaptive mechanisms driving PI3K inhibitor resistance. In this chapter, we describe recent technological advances that have revolutionized our understanding of PI3K inhibitor resistance pathways in HNSCC and highlight how these and other approaches lay the groundwork to make significant strides in our understanding of molecular pharmacology in the cancer field.
How Human Herpesviruses Subvert Dendritic Cell Biology and Function
Authors: Popella Linda , Steinkasserer Alexander
Published: September 2020

In the last decades, a multitude of distinct herpesvirus-mediated immune evasion mechanisms targeting dendritic cell (DC) biology were uncovered. Within this chapter, we summarize the current knowledge how herpesviruses, especially the α-herpesviruses HSV-1, HSV-2, varicella-zoster virus (VZV), and the β-herpesvirus HCMV, shape and exploit the function of myeloid DCs in order to hamper the induction of potent antiviral immune responses. In particular, the main topics covering herpesvirus-mediated immune evasion will involve: (i) the modulation of immature DC (iDC) phenotype, (ii) modulation of iDC apoptosis, (iii) the inhibition of DC maturation, (iv) degradation of the immune-modulatory molecule CD83 in mature DCs (mDCs), (v) interference with the negative regulator of β2 integrin activity, cytohesin-1 interaction partner (CYTIP), (vi) resulting in modulation of adhesion and migration of mDCs, (vii) autophagic degradation of lamins to support productive HSV-1 replication in iDCs, (viii) the release of uninfectious L-particles with immune-modulatory potential from HSV-1-infected mDCs, and (ix) the implications of DC subversion regarding T lymphocyte activation.
“Pandemic” in a Stateless Society
Authors: Quah Chee-Heong
Published: September 2020

This chapter debunks the myth that only the state is capable of handling a pandemic. Instead, without the state, private individuals and entities, when given the full freedom, can better ameliorate the risk and harm of a virus outbreak and at the same time maximize the well-being of the entire society. In particular, this chapter discusses what would have happened in a world without a state and how would the economic laws in the Austrian tradition drive individuals to act in ways that maximize the net benefits not only to themselves but ultimately to every member of the society.
Variable Rate Application of Herbicides for Weed Management in Pre- and Postemergence
Authors: da Costa Lima Alessandro , Ferreira Mendes Kassio
Published: September 2020

With the advent of precision agriculture, it was possible to integrate several technologies to develop the variable rate application (VRA). The use of VRA allows savings in the use of herbicides, better weed control, lower environmental impact and, indirectly, increased crop productivity. There are VRA techniques based on maps and sensors for herbicide application in preemergence (PRE) and postemergence (POST). The adoption of the type of system will depend on the investment capacity of the producer, skilled workforce available, and the modality of application. Although it still has some limitations, VRA has been widespread and has been occupying more and more space in chemical management, the tendency in the medium- and long term is that there is a gradual replacement of the conventional method of application. Given the benefits provided by VRA along with the engagement of companies and researchers, there will be constant evolution and improvement of this technology, cheapening the costs of implementation and providing its adoption by an increasing number of producers. Thus, the objective of this chapter was to address an overview of the use of herbicides in VRA for weed management in PRE and POST.
The millipede genus Leucogeorgia Verhoeff, 1930 in the Caucasus, with descriptions of eleven new species, erection of a new monotypic genus and notes on the tribe Leucogeorgiini (Diplopoda: Julida: Julidae)
Authors: Antić Dragan Ž. , Reip Hans S.
Published: September 2020

The Caucasian leucogeorgiinine genera Archileucogeorgia Lohmander, 1936 and Leucogeorgia Verhoeff, 1930 are revised, with Leucogeorgia being considered as a senior subjective synonym of Archileucogeorgia, syn. nov. The following new combinations are thus warranted: Leucogeorgia abchasica (Lohmander, 1936) and L. satunini (Lohmander, 1936), both comb. nov. ex Archileucogeorgia. All four previously described species, viz., L. longipes Verhoeff, 1930, L. abchasica, L. satunini and L. rediviva Golovatch, 1983, are redescribed based on new material, partly also on the type series, with a lectotype being designated for L. longipes. In addition, eleven new species of Leucogeorgia are described, both with normal (L. borealis sp. nov., L. gioi sp. nov., L. golovatchi sp. nov., L. lobata sp. nov., L. oculata sp. nov. and L. prometheus sp. nov.) and modified mouthparts (L. caudata sp. nov., L. mystax sp. nov., L. profunda sp. nov., L. redivivoides sp. nov. and L. turbanovi sp. nov., all clearly troglobionts). Additionally, a new monotypic genus, Martvilia gen. nov., is erected, with M. parva gen. et sp. nov. as the type species, another presumed troglobiont. An identification key to both genera and all 16 species of Caucasian Leucogeorgiini is presented. Several other members of this tribe are also re-examined, including a syntype male of Telsonius nycteridonis Strasser, 1976, from Greece, herewith designated as the lectotype. Troglomorphisms and mouthpart modifications, as well as the distributions and relationships within both Leucogeorgia and Leucogeorgiini, and a Leucogeorgiini species richness estimate for the western Caucasus are discussed.
O trauma da ficção ou a ficção do trauma: uma leitura de K. Relato de uma busca, de Bernardo Kucinski
Authors: Lira Raphaella Mendes Silva de Castro
Published: September 2020

O ato de narrar o trauma passa pela tentativa de verter em palavras a violência absoluta, capaz de desumanizar, de reduzir a dignidade humana. Ao longo da história da humanidade, inúmeros foram os sistemas de governo que atingiram um estado de exceção e passaram a tratar seus próprios cidadãos como inimigos. A ditadura militar brasileira foi um deles. Em K. Relato de uma busca, a estrutura fragmentada chama a atenção por lidar com um período tenso da História do país. A partir do desaparecimento real de sua irmã, Ana Rosa Kucinski, o autor engendra uma teia de possibilidades ficcionais para algo que ficou em suspenso. Fruto de um luto sem corpo, K. Relato de uma busca serve como mote para que se reflita sobre a natureza de um texto que, por mais que não seja claramente um testemunho, é o relato de um sobrevivente.
A entidade meganarradora em Mais estranho que a ficção: aproximações entre a narração literária e a cinematográfica
Authors: Ossanes Carlos
Published: September 2020

Ainda que não se trate de uma tradução intersemiótica, o longa Mais estranho que a ficção (Stranger than Fiction, 2006), dirigido por Marc Forster, traz à luz das discussões sobre a Teoria da Adaptação um exemplo interessante a respeito do que André Gaudreault denominou meganarrador cinematográfico: uma entidade extradiegética que administra a narrativa. Na obra, a personagem Karen Eiffel escreve um romance sobre a vida de um homem chamado Harold Crick, sem saber que ele realmente existe. A personagem adquire uma voz narrativa diferente quando dentro da diegese primária, por acontecer com Harold tudo aquilo que ela datilografa de sua história. Esse fato é marcado, na película, pelo momento em que a personagem passa a ouvir a voz de sua autora a narrar, prescritiva e descritivamente, as ações do seu dia. Essa estrutura narrativa rende uma aproximação entre o método narrativo da literatura com as recorrentes narrativas cinematográficas, gerando uma problemática acerca das faculdades discursivas de cada uma das linguagens, foco deste trabalho.
Luisa Carnés: a história de uma escritora exilada
Authors: Cabrera Ana Paula , Montemezzo Luciana Ferrari
Published: September 2020

Os autores de exílio assumiam uma proposta quase missionária, revisando infinitamente os infortúnios do passado, mas sobretudo comunicando os sucessos de um passado recente, escrito durante o exílio. Entre esses escritores, destacamos uma em particular, Luisa Carnés (Madrid, 1905- México D.F, 1964). Neste artigo propomos apresentar parte da história dessa escritora, marcada pelo silenciamento imposto pela ditadura franquista (1939-1975), que atingiu com ainda mais contundência as escritoras exiladas. Além disso, também analisaremos o conto Montserrat, Heroína Catalana, escrito em 1936 e publicado na antologia De Barcelona a la Bretaña Francesa, em 2014, na Espanha. Com tal trabalho, acreditamos contribuir para resgatar um pouco a trajetória de uma escritora republicana à frente de seu tempo e até hoje silenciada.
Entre a memória e o exílio: uma leitura de Bartolomeu Campos de Queirós
Authors: Coelho Christian , Pereira Rafael Vinicius da Fonseca
Published: September 2020

Este artigo visa a contribuir para o debate sobre a obra do escritor Bartolomeu Campos de Queirós, tomando a memória e o exílio como aspectos centrais na construção do seu texto literário. Para isso, analisaremos como o autor entrelaça as memórias da infância com a sua fantasia, articulando elementos autobiográficos e ficcionais. Depois, abordaremos a temática do exílio, tanto em sua dimensão concreta como nos seus efeitos simbólicos, em um movimento que parte da experiência negativa para uma ressignificação estética. Para o estudo, utilizamos um referencial que possibilitou a fundamentação teórica em torno dos conceitos destacados, além de ressaltar a presença das reflexões metalinguísticas e as relações do texto ficcional com o contexto histórico.
A História e seus silêncios: Honrarás a tu padre y a tu madre, de Cristina Fallarás
Authors: Ferraz-Infante Joyce Rodrigues
Published: September 2020

O romance Honrarás a tu padre y a tu madre, da escritora espanhola Cristina Fallarás, trata das consequências da Guerra Civil e da repressão franquista na sociedade espanhola da atualidade. Por meio da recuperação de memórias e acontecimentos do passado familiar que haviam sido silenciados, a narradora – que não por acaso possui o mesmo nome da autora – questiona sua própria história pessoal e a História de seu país. O propósito deste trabalho é evidenciar o processo de ressignificação identitária levado a cabo pela personagem, a partir das contribuições de Michael Pollak, sobre memória e identidade, e de Clara Valverde Gefaell, sobre transmissão geracional do trauma da violência política do século XX na Espanha.
Pureza e violência: imagens da infância em A. Veteranyi
Authors: Mathias Dionei , Müller Juliana Cássia
Published: September 2020

Este artigo pretende discutir três contextos significativos do romance Por que a criança cozinha na polenta, da escritora romena Aglaja Veteranyi, publicado postumamente em 2004, em que a pureza da infância é assaltada por experiências da violência e incompreensão. Sendo assim, a análise está focada em três círculos sociais distintos e predominantes no texto de Veteranyi: a família, o trabalho e as amizades. Em cada um desses contextos, o universo infantil da voz narrativa e protagonista do romance é confrontado com uma realidade cruel. Trata-se de uma realidade, carregada de violência, na qual a voz narrativa se revela incapaz de decodificar suas implicações, por não alcançar a dimensão de todo sentido com que se vê confrontada.
Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 and quality of life associated with functional constipation
Authors: Olgac Asburce , Balcı Sezer Oya , Ozbay Hosnut Ferda , Ozcay Figen
Published: September 2020

Background: Functional constipation (FC) defines the form of constipation without an organic aetiology and influences the quality of life of the child in many aspects. In the present study, we aimed to compare the effects of Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) DSM 17938 and lactulose treatments on the health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) of constipated children and their families.Methods: Children with FC were divided into two groups to receive either L. Reuteri DSM 17938 (n = 25) or lactulose (n = 24), for four weeks. All patients and their parents completed the KINDL® HR-QoL questionnaire before and at the end of the treatment period.Results: The final total and disease perception scores and the subscale analyses of the probiotic and lactulose groups were comparable. The final mean total scores of parent questionnaires increased in both groups (68 % to 71.3 % in the probiotic group, 66.1 % to 70.9 % in the lactulose group), and the increase in the lactulose group was found statistically significant.Conclusion: In our study, L. reuteri DSM 17938 has showed to have comparable effects on the HR-QoL in children with FC, when compared to lactulose. Lactulose was more efficient regarding satisfaction of families and the family perception of HR-QoL.
Effectiveness and Safety of Ablative Er:YAG Laser Treatment of External Genital Warts
Authors: Bizjak Ogrinc Urška , Senčar Sabina
Published: September 2020

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate effectiveness and safety of the use of ablative Er:YAG laser for removal of external genital warts (EGW), also called condylomata acuminata (CA).Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study performed at Gynecology Clinic Juna in Ljubljana, Slovenia. All patients older than 18 years that were clinically diagnosed with EGW and were treated with ablative Er:YAG laser between January 2012 and December 2017 were included in the study.Results: A total of 133 female patients (mean age 39.6 ± 12.9 years, range: 19–80) with EGW were eligible to be included in this study. EGW have been present from one to seven months, with a mean presence of 2.1 ± 2.0 months. The majority of the warts were on the labia, major some also on the mons pubis. The size of the lesions was 2–8 mm. The majority of patients, who completed therapy (74 patients out of 116; 64 %) received only one treatment and 82 % of the patients (n = 95) showed complete clearance of the lesions, without recurrence observed to date of analysis. Complete clearance was achieved after an average of 1.33 treatment sessions. Recurrence was reported by 21 patients (18 %). Recorded adverse effects of laser treatment were mild and transient.Conclusion: Er:YAG laser removal of EGW is a simple, quick and safe procedure, particularly suitable for large volume EGW or those that are located in anatomical sites difficult to access by other techniques.
A pilot feasibility randomized controlled trial on combining mind-body physical exercise, cognitive training, and nurse-led risk factor modification to reduce cognitive decline among older adults with mild cognitive impairment in primary care
Authors: Xu Zijun , Zhang Dexing , Lee Allen T.C. , Sit Regina W.S. , Wong Carmen , Lee Eric K.P. , Yip Benjamin H.K. , Tiu Jennifer Y.S. , Lam Linda C.W. , Wong Samuel Y.S.
Published: September 2020

Objectives

To examine the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of (1) combining cognitive training, mind-body physical exercise, and nurse-led risk factor modification (CPR), (2) nurse-led risk factor modification (RFM), and (3) health advice (HA) on reducing cognitive decline among older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods

It was a 3-arm open-labeled pilot randomized controlled trial in the primary care setting in Hong Kong. Nineteen older adults with MCI were randomized to either CPR (n = 6), RFM (n = 7), or HA (n = 6) for 6 months. The primary outcome was the feasibility of the study. Secondary outcomes included the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Hong Kong version (HK-MoCA), the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR), the Disability Assessment for Dementia (DAD), quality of life, depression, anxiety, physical activity, health service utilization, and diet.

Results

Nineteen out the 98 potential patients were recruited, with a recruitment rate of 19% (95% CI [12–29]%,P = 0.243). The adherence rate of risk factor modification was 89% (95% CI [65–98]%,P = 0.139) for CPR group and 86% (95% CI [63–96]%,P = 0.182) for RFM group. In the CPR group, 53% (95% CI [36–70]%,P = 0.038) of the Tai Chi exercise sessions and 54% (95% CI [37–71]%,P = 0.051) of cognitive sessions were completed. The overall dropout rate was 11% (95% CI [2–34]%,P = 0.456). Significant within group changes were observed in HK-MoCA in RFM (4.50 ± 2.59,P = 0.008), cost of health service utilization in CPR (−4000, quartiles: −6800 to −200,P = 0.043), fish and seafood in HA (−1.10 ± 1.02,P = 0.047), and sugar in HA (2.69 ± 1.80,P = 0.015). Group × time interactions were noted on HK-MoCA favoring the RFM group (P = 0.000), DAD score favoring CPR group (P = 0.027), GAS-20 favoring CPR group (P = 0.026), number of servings of fish and seafood (P = 0.004), and sugar (P < 0.001) ate per day.

Conclusions

In this pilot study, RFM and the multi-domain approach CPR were feasible and had preliminary beneficial effects in older adults with MCI in primary care setting in Hong Kong.

Trial registration

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR1800015324).
Heterosis in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) for Yield and Yield Component Traits
Authors: Soresa Desalegn Negasa , Nayagam Gomathi , Bacha Netsanet , Jaleta Zerihun
Published: September 2020

Estimates of heterosis for F1 hybrids over mid and better parent were computed for traits that showed significant differences between genotypes on analysis of variance. Heterosis for yield components and yield was studied using 8x8 half diallel cross in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). The heterosis for yield was generally accompanied by heterosis for yield components. Heterosis for marketable fruit yield per plant ranged from (-63.4%) (P3xP8) to (33.8%) (P6xP8) and (-62.5%) (P3xP8) to (52.6%) (P5xP7), for mid parent and better parent respectively. Significant heterosis over better and mid-parent was observed for all the traits.  Best parent and Mid-parent heterosis (MPH) was highest  and in desirable direction for number of marketable fruit per plant  (29.3%; 29.2%)  in crosses ( P3xP6 for both ) and pericarp thickness  (46.3%; 57.6%) in crosses (P2xP6 and P4xP8), number of fruit cluster per plant (32.8%; 35.9%) in cross (P3xP6 for both), individual fruit weight (36.1%; 41.2%) in cross (P2xP8, P3xP5) and fruit diameter (28.4%; 28.3%) in cross (P3xP5; P2xP6), fruit length (23.07%; 20.4%)  in cross (P2xP6 for both). Out of 28 F1 crosses, positive and desirable heterosis by 10 crosses over better parent and 17 crosses over mid-parent were observed for total fruit density in tomato. An important heterosis both in heterobeltiosis and mid-parent was recorded in marketable fruit yield in ton per hectare. From all the crosses, seven crosses revealed positive from which three crosses are the most important P2xP7 (31%),  P3xP5 (20%) and P3xP6 (54%) in better parent heterosis. Similarly for mid-parent heterosis, only ten crosses out of 28 reveled positive while the rest 18 crosses showed the undesirable direction for marketable fruit yield indicating majority of the hybrids exhibited unfavorable heterotic response and only a few hybrids could be considered for selection.
Impact of Cluster Front Line Demonstrations in Diversification of Chickpea with Safflower Variety ISF-764 in Rainfed Black Soils of Kurnool District of Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Jayalakshmi M. , Babu G. Prasad , Chaithanya B. H. , Mahadevaiah M. , Vijayabhinandana B.
Published: September 2020

The productivity of chickpea has declined considerably during the last three years in rainfed black soils of western part of Kurnool district due to the aberrations in the rainfall pattern, high cost of cultivation, pest & disease incidence and wild deer problem. To overcome these production constraints Cluster Frontline Demonstrations in safflower played major role with introduction of new safflower variety ISF-764.Cluster Frontline Demonstrations were conducted in safflower in 30ha area in 2017-18 and 40 ha in 2018-19 by Krishi Vigyan Kendra Banavasi. ISF-764 (T3 demonstration) performed better even in dry spell conditions compared to chickpea .Cost of cultivation in both ISF -764 (demonstration) and PBNS-12 (T2check) was low (18,300 Rs/ha) compared to chick pea (35,500 Rs/ha) variety JG-11(T3farmers Practice). Chickpea equivalent yields of safflower was 1339 and 803 (kg/ha) in demonstration and check and 720 kg/ha in farmers practice with 86 and 11.6 % improvement in yield. Extension gap for ISF 764 and PBNS-12 were 619 & 83 kg/ha respectively. The technology index was lowest in ISF-764 (21.8) as compared toPBNS-12 (57.12) and JG -11 (58 .8) which indicates the highest feasibility of the demonstrated technology. The net returns (37,950 Rs/ha) and benefit cost ratio (3.07) were highest in ISF -764. Hence Safflower variety, ISF 764 is highly suitable for rainfed black soils of Kurnool district of Andhra Pradesh.
Mechanism of the Electrochemical Deposition of a CoNiFe Alloy
Authors: Tikhonov Robert Dmitrievich
Published: September 2020

Heating the chloride electrolyte to a temperature of 70°C ensures the normal codeposition of the components of the CoNiFe alloy as a result of the discharge of single-charged iron and cobalt species (Fe2+Cl-)+ and (Co2+Cl-)+, respectively and double-charged Ni2+ ions at a high cathode current density. The chloride electrolyte obtained with filtration and pH correction by hydrochloric acid provides the electrochemical deposition of CoNiFe films with a CCo:CNi:CFe ratio of 1:1:1. The mechanism of the abnormal deposition of Co, Fe and Ni occurs due to the incomplete ionization of atoms and differences in ion mobility. Based on the experimental results of CoNiFe films, an electrochemical deposition mechanism is proposed. In contrast to the well-known in the literature, the phenomena occurring in the volume of electrolyte, including transmission of ions, with the determining effect is the mobility and formation of positive ions on the anode. CoNiFe films are produced without mechanical stresses, with a uniform structure and with high magnetic parameters without a high burn temperature. Electrochemical deposition when the charge of ions in the electrolyte is taken into account allows to obtaining a reproducible electrochemical deposition of CoNiFe films.
Management of Migraine with Ayurvedic Intervention - A Case Report
Authors: Archana Kumari , Vaghela D. B.
Published: September 2020

Migraine is a common episodic neurological disorder with a multifaceted pathophysiology that displays as recurrent attacks of headache that are typically throbbing and unilateral/bilateral and often severe with concomitant symptoms such as photophobia, phonophobia stimuli. Similar disease condition with its cardinal feature is well describe as Shirah Shoola in Ayurveda caused by vitiated Tridosha. About 15% of the population suffers migraine. Prevalence of migraine is approximately 5.7% in men and 17.0% in women and accounts 2% years of life lost due to a disability in women of all ages. Modern science enforced several medications to manage migraine but fails to deroot it, additionally these drugs have adverse effects like GI upset, hypotension, lack of concentration etc. In contrast Ayurveda approach rather safe in use could be promising strategies that can pacify the characteristics of various Shirah Shoola as well as its associated disability. Laghu Sutasekhara Rasa orally and Brihat Dashmoola Taila Nasya is mentioned in Rasatantrasara and Siddhayogasangraha book with special indication to Shiarh Shoola. So an attempt has been made to assess the efficacy of these two drugs in the management of migraine in this single case study. Considerable improvement was seen in the clinical features of Migraine.