bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Pusan at War: Refuge, Relief, and Resettlement in the Temporary Capital, 1950–1953”
Authors: Kim Janice C.H.
Published: November 2017

This article examines the changes that the Korean War and influx of evacuees brought about in the temporary wartime capital at Pusan. It describes the two waves of in-migration into the city—the first following the outbreak of war on 25 June 1950 and the second after the Chinese People’s Volunteer Force occupied Seoul on 4 January 1951. While the first round of conflict brought some 200,000 evacuees to Pusan, mostly relatives of political and military families and the Seoul elite, the second ushered in an overwhelming half million displaced people, including over 100,000 refugees from North Korea. The rapid influx of a transient population exhausted public services and resources that the war already had diminished. The simultaneous development of a u.s. military complex in southeast Korea gave rise to rampant illegal trade and prostitution. Although schemes to continue wartime education testifies to the agency of evacuees to enact continuity in liminal spaces, only the elite could go to school without interruption in a devastated, aid-dependent, hyperinflationary economy. This article evaluates some characteristics of wartime Pusan—with privatized continuation of educational and religious institutions on one hand, and dependence on u.s. aid and military along with widespread prostitution and illegal trade on the other—to help explain why they remained salient features of the South Korean developmental state long after the armistice.
Morphotaxonomic revision of species-groups of Simulium (Simulium) (Diptera: Simuliidae) in the Oriental Region
Authors: TAKAOKA HIROYUKI
Published: November 2017

Species of eight species-groups (seven named and one unnamed) of Simulium (Simulium) Latreille are revised chiefly based on the adult female and male genitalia. Four species-groups are each divided into more than two groups. Thus, the S. christophersi species-group is divided into two (S. christophersi and S. nebulicola species-groups), the S. griseifrons species-group into six (S. griseifrons, S. grossifilum, S. chungi, S. crocinum, S. indicum and S. yadongense species-groups), the S. malyschevi species-group into two (S. malyschevi and S. pavlovskii species-groups), and the S. melanopus species-group into three (S. melanopus, S. dumogaense and S. iridescens species-groups). The S. crassifilum species-group is merged with the S. variegatum species-group. Simulium fulvipes (Ono) of the former S. malyschevi species-group and S. dentastylum Yang, Chen & Luo of Simulium s. str. species unplaced to species-group are removed from the subgenus Simulium because their male styles are subequal in length to the coxites. A revised classification of species of the 15 species-groups including eight new species-groups of Simulium (Simulium) is presented. Keys to 20 species-groups of Simulium (Simulium) in the Oriental Region are provided for adult females and males.
Early ontogeny of Tatia neivai (Ihering, 1930) (Osteichthyes, Auchenipteridae), a small catfish from Neotropical region
Authors: SANTOS JOYCE ANDREIA DOS , PASSOS REGINA MENEGUETTI , AGOSTINHO ANGELO ANTONIO , BIALETZKI ANDRÉA
Published: November 2017

The early development of Tatia neivai (Ihering 1930) was analyzed (i) to characterize its morphological, morphometric and meristic development; and (ii) to examine its possible ontogenic variation as a result of the development of structures and organs necessary for survival. Samples were collected in the Baía River, basin Paraná River, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil, between February 1999 and April 2000. After identification, the specimens were separated according to notochord development, and the morphometric and meristic characters were measured and counted. Forty-seven larvae and one juvenile with standard length ranging from 6.10 to 23.10 mm were analyzed. Larvae exhibit a cylindrical and highly pigmented body, small eyes, short intestine, terminal mouth, one pair of maxillary barbels and two pairs of mentonian barbels (relatively short). The juveniles presented a body shape similar to their adults. The total number of myomeres (33–35, 12 to 14 pre-anal and 20 to 23 postanal). Number of fin rays: dorsal I+4, anal I+9; pectoral I+5 and ventral six. During ontogeny, morphological changes observed in T. neivai have important ecological consequences, especially between flexion and postflexion stages (metamorphosis) when the larvae develop all necessary structures for its survival, such as locomotion and feeding.
Emotional Labor in the Dual Role of Teaching and Coaching
Authors: Lee Ye Hoon , Chelladurai Packianathan , Kang Chanho
Published: November 2017

This study investigated the emotional labor involved in two forms of sport services—teaching and coaching—as perceived by high school teacher–coaches regarding required emotional displays and the use of emotional labor strategies. A total of 403 high school teacher–coaches from 47 states in the United States completed the online questionnaires measuring their perceptions of required emotional displays and their uses of emotional labor strategies in the two occupational roles. Results showed that there was no significant difference in the perception of positive emotional displays as required among participants. However, participants perceived that the expressions of friendliness and cheerfulness were more required in teaching than in coaching. On the other side, negative emotional displays were perceived to be more required in coaching than in teaching. That is, expressing upset, disappointment, anger, unhappiness, and frustration were perceived differently among participants. Also, participants utilized more surface acting when teaching and employed more genuine expression when coaching. The findings of this study highlight that differences do exist in the perception of required emotional displays and the utilization of emotional labor strategies in the two roles of teaching and coaching. These results were discussed in light of the task and group differences between teaching and coaching.
Paleogeomorphological reconstruction and geological implications of the weathered-crust karst on the top of the Middle Triassic Leikoupo Formation in the Longgang area, Sichuan Basin, China
Authors: Liu Hong , Tang Yuzhe , Tan Xiucheng , He Bing , Tang Song , Zhou Yongjia , Lin Bo
Published: November 2017

Weathered-crust karst carbonate is developed in the third submember of the fourth member of the Middle Triassic Leikoupo Formation (Lei43 submember) in the Longgang area of Sichuan Basin, China, and acts as an important oil and gas reservoir. To reconstruct the paleogeomorphology of the weathered-crust karst, we analyzed the seismic thickness of the interval from the erosional unconformity surface on the top of the Leikoupo Formation to the karst at the bottom of the third member of the Xujiahe Formation (Xu3 member), based on existing three-dimensional seismic and drilling data, and the sedimentary characteristics of the Leikoupo and Xujiahe formations. There are three secondary types of geomorphological unit, namely the karst highlands, the karst transitional zone, and the karst basin, and these have distinct karst water development patterns and hydrological conditions that determine the intensity of karstification and reservoir quality. Among them, the karst highlands have a poor reservoir capacity due to their long-term exposure above the water table, which resulted in severe denudation. The karst transitional zone features the superimposition of multiple periods of strong karstification, and this has resulted in high-quality reservoir conditions in the karst monadnocks but poor reservoir conditions in the karren. The karst basin represents a drainage area that experienced weak karstification, and the reservoir capacity is generally poor, although some good reservoirs were developed in shoals. Paleogeomorphological maps provide excellent guides to finding karst monadnocks in karst transitional zones, and monadnocks should serve as the main targets of exploration in the weathered-crust karst reservoir on top of the Lei43 submember.
Treatment of Elopement Without Blocking With a Child With Autism
Authors: Boyle Megan A. , Keenan Ginny , Forck Kara L. , Curtis Kaitlin S.
Published: November 2017

Elopement is a dangerous behavior common in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Relative to other forms of problematic behavior, elopement has received little attention in both assessment and treatment. The current study entailed a functional analysis of elopement of one child with ASD, results of which suggested a partially automatic function. We then evaluated a differential reinforcement procedure, along with a rule, which successfully decreased elopement without the use of blocking. A changing-criterion design embedded within a withdrawal design was used to gradually increase the criterion for maintaining a close proximity to a therapist prior to being allowed to run.
Acute high-fat feeding leads to disruptions in glucose homeostasis and worsens stroke outcome
Authors: Haley Michael J , Krishnan Siddharth , Burrows David , de Hoog Leon , Thakrar Jamie , Schiessl Ingo , Allan Stuart M , Lawrence Catherine B
Published: November 2017

Chronic consumption of diets high in fat leads to obesity and can negatively affect brain function. Rodents made obese by long-term maintenance on a high-fat diet have worse outcome after experimental stroke. High-fat consumption for only three days does not induce obesity but has rapid effects on the brain including memory impairment. However, the effect of brief periods of high-fat feeding or high-fat consumption in the absence of obesity on stroke is unknown. We therefore tested the effect of an acute period of high-fat feeding (three days) in C57B/6 mice on outcome after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo). In contrast to a chronic high-fat diet (7.5 months), an acute high-fat diet had no effect on body weight, adipose tissue, lipid profile or inflammatory markers (in periphery and the brain). Three days of high-fat feeding impaired glucose tolerance, increased plasma glucose and insulin and brain expression of the glucose transporter GLUT-1. Ischaemic damage was increased (48%) in mice fed an acute high-fat diet, and was associated with a further reduction in GLUT-1 in the ischaemic hemisphere. These data demonstrate that only a brief period of high-fat consumption has a negative effect on glucose homeostasis and worsens outcome after ischaemic stroke.
Bailing out the food banks? Hunger relief, food waste, and crisis in Central Appalachia
Authors: Lohnes Joshua , Wilson Bradley
Published: November 2017

In 2015, West Virginia’s flagship food bank confronted a financial crisis that threatened to cut off the supply of emergency food to some 600 agencies serving 300,000 people a month. Focusing on this crisis, we explore the evolution of charitable food networks across the United States with a particular focus on the role of food banking within agro-industrial supply chains. Drawing on a three year institutional ethnography of West Virginia’s food banking economy, we analyze the transition from producer to buyer driven supply chains in a network that is dependent on charitable giving and affective labor to process surplus foods and revalue obsolete corporate inventories. We argue that food banks and their affiliate agencies have become key institutions within a vast food destruction network increasingly serving the needs of large food firms. While food banks and their affiliate agencies provide tax relief for food corporations and offer a highly efficient vent for state subsidized and corporate food waste, they are primarily funded by community-based organizations who are themselves stretched thin by economic crises within their own locales. The entrenchment and evolution of the food waste qua hunger relief circuit is producing new tensions in a network that is conflicted over whom they are ultimately working for, and sheds light on the paradox of hunger relief in the 21st-century.
Non-kinship family foster care in Egypt
Authors: Megahead Hamido A
Published: November 2017

This article describes the history and philosophy of foster care in Egypt. While journal readers will be familiar with the issues affecting their own work, they are less likely to know about fostering in other countries. This can be limiting as international comparisons can give practitioners, researchers and educators insights into their own work as well as skills to support children from different cultural backgrounds. The article shows that foster care in Egypt is not a recent development, indeed it dates back to ancient Egypt and the Egyptian kings, but the current legal system was formalised in the first half of the 20th century. While fostering services are usually based on western paradigms, the Egyptian approach has several distinct features due to its development through authentication processes that match services to the needs and cultural backgrounds of the children concerned. Explanations for these differences are given.
Do children adopted from British foster care show difficulties in executive functioning and social communication?
Authors: Wretham Alexandra E , Woolgar Matt
Published: November 2017

Early life experiences leave a mark on a child’s emotional, social and cognitive development. It is well established that children adopted from psychosocially depriving institutions have difficulties in executive functioning and social communication ability, but this type of research has not been replicated in children adopted from foster care. In this study, 30 primary school aged UK adoptees without a history of institutionalisation completed an assessment of their intellectual, executive functioning and social communication abilities. Compared to children of a similar age in the general population, the adopted group showed elevated emotional and behavioural difficulties on a parental report measure (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, SDQ). They performed statistically poorer on two of three computerised executive functioning tests (CANTAB Intra-Extra Dimensional Shift and Spatial Working Memory) and elevated scores were observed on a parental report measure of executive functioning (Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning, BRIEF). A strong negative correlation was found between age of adoption and BRIEF scores controlling for ADHD symptoms; no other pre- or post-adoption variables strongly correlated with executive functioning. Although all participants scored below cut-off on an autism screening measure (Social Communication Questionnaire, SCQ), a moderate positive correlation was observed with age of adoption. The identified elevation in emotional, behavioural and executive functioning difficulties is in line with previous research examining children adopted from institutions; however, the observed negative correlation between BRIEF scores and age of adoption is contrary to previous evidence. Limitations and implications for future research are discussed.
A historical review of the concept of severe and multiple disadvantage and responses to it
Authors: Parker Roy , Bullock Roger
Published: November 2017

Roy Parker, who died in January 2017, was one of the first researchers to study foster care and adoption and was Chair of the British Association for Adoption and Fostering (BAAF – now CoramBAAF) for six years from 1980. One of his last projects was a historical review of the concept of severe and multiple disadvantage and responses to it. At a time when 13.5 million people, including 30% of the UK’s children, are living in poverty (Joseph Rowntree Foundation, 2016) we publish it to mark his enormous contribution to the welfare of disadvantaged children and families.
Meso-structure and modeling of a new three-dimensional braided tubular material
Authors: Ma Wensuo , Ma Zhenyu , Ren Bingjie , Fan Weifeng
Published: November 2017

A new three-dimensional braided tubular preform was introduced in this study. The new preform structure can be derived from the representative volume unit which was deduced by the symmetry operations of space group P4. The braiding process of the tubular preform has been discussed. A mathematical model was established to analyze the structural properties of the three-dimensional braided tubular preform. The interrelation of geometrical parameters is analyzed. The fiber volume fraction of the preform was predicted. The new tubular preform was obtained in laboratory to verify the feasibility of the braiding process.
Charge-based hysteresis compensation in low impedance piezoelectric actuators by a modified Prandtl–Ishlinskii model
Authors: Ghafarirad H , Rezaei SM , Zareinejad M , Mardi NA
Published: November 2017

Piezoelectric actuators are one of the most popular actuators in micro- and nano-applications. The main deficiency of these actuators is the hysteretic behavior. Hysteresis not only can destroy the positioning accuracy, but also may lead to instability. In previous researches, hysteresis in the mechanical domain (voltage–position) has been modeled and compensated by several approaches. The limiting condition has been position measurement by a high cost, fine resolution sensor. So, an alternative idea can be compensation in the electrical domain (voltage–charge). In fact, it can be demonstrated that hysteresis compensation in the electrical domain can simultaneously compensate the mechanical one. But, experimental results depict that voltage–charge relation may be time dependent due to low internal impedances. It would lead to “time-dependent hysteresis”. As a result, conventional models cannot be applied for hysteresis identification. In this paper, a modified time-dependent Prandtl–Ishlinskii model is proposed to identify the time-dependent hysteresis in low impedance actuators. Utilizing the proposed model, experimental results validate that the mechanical hysteresis would be appropriately compensated as a result of compensation in the electrical domain.
Observed and expected mortality in the German skin cancer screening pilot project SCREEN
Authors: Eisemann Nora , Waldmann Annika , Holleczek Bernd , Katalinic Alexander
Published: November 2017

Objective

The main purpose of skin cancer screening is melanoma mortality reduction. Before the implementation of nationwide German skin cancer screening, the pilot project SCREEN was conducted in Schleswig-Holstein in 2003–2004. We aimed to determine whether the pilot project had achieved a mortality reduction.

Methods

Using an incidence-based approach (patients with both melanoma diagnosis and death in 2003–2008), we compared the observed melanoma mortality of the SCREEN cohort to the melanoma mortality expected without screening in the general population of Saarland.

Results

The age- and sex-standardized melanoma mortality ratio (SMR) for 5.5 years of follow-up was 0.59 (95% confidence interval, 0.40–0.83).

Conclusion

Our results indicate reduced mortality in the SCREEN cohort. Several potential biases cannot be excluded, but most of them tend to inflate the SMR.
Impulse Buying: A Consumer Trait Prospective in Context of Central India
Authors: Atulkar Sunil , Kesari Bikrant
Published: November 2017

Impulse buying occurs when a consumer perceives an impulsive and persuasive stimulus to buy something immediately. The main objective of this study is to figure out the relationship between consumer trait and impulse buying. The studied constructs were refined and validated by exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Using SmartPLS 2.0 statistical software, responses from 267 consumers of central India in the proposed research framework were analysed and measured. Resulted findings for the constructs, impulse buying tendency, interpersonal influence, emotional attachment and materialism show significant positive relationship with impulsive buying, whereas, the construct shopping enjoyment tendency having significant relationship, showed negative effects. The study findings also support the past research efforts in this field by validating through the results, especially by considering the significant relationship between consumer traits and impulse buying for the first time in central India. Thus, the study presents useful insights to marketers and academicians regarding the buying behaviour of Indian consumers in a still developing retail sector.
Indian Customers’ Attitude Towards Bundling: A Basis for Classification and Targeting
Authors: Agarwal Reeti
Published: November 2017

The present study was undertaken to gain an insight into the Indian customers’ attitude towards bundling. Combination of household items and tourism services was found to be most likely to be purchased by customers in bundles. Price was found to be the most important factor in influencing the decision of the customer to purchase/not purchase the bundled offer. Using factor and cluster analysis, demographic characteristics of the customers most likely to respond positively to bundle offers have been identified. This information can be used by companies in framing their promotional and targeting strategies.
Hamstring Autograft for Foot and Ankle Applications
Authors: Cody Elizabeth A. , Karnovsky Sydney C. , DeSandis Bridget , Tychanski Papson Andrea , Deland Jonathan T. , Drakos Mark C.
Published: November 2017

Background:

Hamstring tendon autografts may be used for foot and ankle surgeries, although reports on their effectiveness and morbidity in the foot and ankle literature are limited. We studied a cohort of patients who underwent hamstring harvest for foot and ankle applications, hypothesizing that morbidity to the knee would be limited.

Methods:

We studied a cohort of patients who underwent hamstring autograft for foot or ankle applications by a fellowship-trained sports and foot and ankle surgeon since 2011. Thirty-seven patients underwent isokinetic strength testing using a dynamometer an average of 38 months postoperatively. The average patient age was 45 ± 16 (range, 18-78) years, and 54% were women. Peak flexion and extension torque as well as flexion and extension torque at 30, 70, and 90 degrees of flexion were collected at 2 different testing speeds, 180 and 300 degrees/s. t tests were used for all comparisons.

Results:

At follow-up, 32 patients (86%) reported no pain at the harvest site; the remaining 5 patients reported mild to moderate symptoms. No patients were dissatisfied, and all would recommend the surgery to someone else. Flexion strength at higher degrees of flexion was significantly lower compared with extension strength as well as compared with flexion strength at lower degrees of flexion, when testing was performed at lower speed ( P < 0.05).

Conclusions:

When used for foot and ankle surgery, hamstring autografts resulted in high patient satisfaction with minimal donor site morbidity. While knee flexion strength was decreased at higher degrees of flexion, this finding did not appear to be clinically significant.

Level of Evidence:

Level IV, case series.
A whole-year approach showing that ambient light level influences walking and cycling
Authors: Fotios S , Uttley J , Fox S
Published: November 2017

Many studies have used surveys to investigate the reactions to changes in lighting from people who walk or cycle. An alternative approach is to use objective data, specifically the number of pedestrians and cyclists present under different lighting conditions. Such data have been reported previously using a daylight savings transition approach. This paper presents a different method for analysing the effect of ambient light conditions in which data from the whole year are examined, rather than only the two weeks either side of the biannual daylight savings clock changes. The results confirm that ambient light has a significant impact: For a given time of day, more people walk or cycle when it is daylight than after dark and more people cycle on cycle trails and walk on foot paths after dark when they are lit than when they are unlit. While both methods use an odds ratio approach, which should account for environmental changes other than lighting, the results suggest the daylight savings method of analysis better isolates changes in weather from the effects of ambient light on travel choice than does the whole-year method.
Adjustable correlated colour temperature for surgical lighting
Authors: Mundinger JJ , Houser KW
Published: November 2017

A surgical luminaire containing two types of phosphor-converted LEDs was employed to illuminate a large midline incision in a 90 kg pig. The PC-LEDs were proportionally blended to create four spectra defined by their approximate correlated colour temperatures: 3000, 4000, 4500 and 5100 K. Sixteen surgeons evaluated the colour appearance of internal anatomy under each spectrum. All four spectra were rated as highly effective. There was no significant difference between the 4000, 4500 and 5100 K spectra. The 3000 K spectrum was rated as less effective, though this does not mean it was ineffective. The spectrum by participant interaction was significant where it could be estimated, suggesting that surgeons may develop individual opinions about which spectra are most effective. While the surgeons moderately agreed that the colour of internal anatomy was altered by the different spectra, they were undecided whether the differences would increase the risk of surgical error or influence surgical decisions. They were also largely undecided whether they would select different spectra during a single procedure, for different procedures, or for different anatomy. Overall, the linear mixing for variable CCT employed in this experiment did not provide obvious utility for surgeons making visual evaluations.
Effect of Time-of-Flight and Regularized Reconstructions on Quantitative Measurements and Qualitative Assessments in Newly Diagnosed Prostate Cancer With 18F-Fluorocholine Dual Time Point PET/MRI
Authors: Behr Spencer C. , Mollard Brett J. , Yang Jaewon , Flavell Robert R. , Hawkins Randall A. , Seo Youngho
Published: November 2017

Recent technical advances in positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) technology allow much improved time-of-flight (TOF) and regularized iterative PET reconstruction regularized iterative reconstruction (RIR) algorithms. We evaluated the effect of TOF and RIR on standardized uptake values (maximum and peak SUV [SUVmax and SUVpeak]) and their metabolic tumor volume dependencies and visual image quality for 18F-fluorocholine PET/MRI in patients with newly diagnosed prostate cancer. Fourteen patients were administered with 3 MBq/kg of 18F-fluorocholine and scanned dynamically for 30 minutes. Positron emission tomography images were divided to early and late time points (1-6 minutes summed and 7-30 minutes summed). The values of the different SUVs were documented for dominant PET-avid lesions, and metabolic tumor volume was estimated using a 50% isocontour and SUV threshold of 2.5. Image quality was assessed via visual acuity scoring (VAS). We found that incorporation of TOF or RIR increased lesion SUVs. The lesion to background ratio was not improved by TOF reconstruction, while RIR improved the lesion to background ratio significantly ( P < .05). The values of the different VAS were all significantly higher ( P < .05) for RIR images over TOF, RIR over non-TOF, and TOF over non-TOF. In conclusion, our data indicate that TOF or RIR should be incorporated into current protocols when available.
Fidelity of Occupational Performance Coaching: Importance of Accuracy in Intervention Identification
Authors: Graham Fiona , Ziviani Jenny , Kennedy-Behr Ann , Kessler Dorothy , Hui Caroline
Published: November 2017

Establishing fidelity processes and measures is an important step in the development of interventions. Accurate referencing, naming of interventions and robust discussion of deviations from the theories, methods or terminology underpinning interventions support the fidelity of future applications of interventions in research and clinical settings. This commentary clarifies the establishment of fidelity for Occupational Performance Coaching (OPC) in relation to a recent article on this topic by Dunn and colleagues. Fundamental flaws in the referencing, labelling, theoretical underpinnings and methods inaccurately described as OPC are outlined. Guidance in establishing fidelity for future applications of OPC is provided.
Restorative Justice With Female Offenders: The Neglected Role of Gender in Restorative Conferencing
Authors: Österman Linnéa , Masson Isla
Published: November 2017

This article presents findings from a new qualitative study into female offenders’ experiences of restorative conferencing in England and Wales. It is argued that gendered factors of crime and victimization have a definite impact on the restorative conference process, particularly in the areas of complex and interacting needs, differently natured conference engagements, and risks around shame, mental health, and stereotypical ideals of female behavior. For women to reap the full benefits of restorative justice, it is argued that the particular needs and circumstances of female offenders must not only be acknowledged, but also incorporated into the field and mainstreamed into practice.
Drag and lift measurements of solid sports balls in still air
Authors: Kensrud Jeff R , Smith Lloyd V
Published: November 2017

The following article considers lift and drag measurements of solid sports balls propelled through still air in a laboratory setting. The balls traveled at speeds ranging from 26 to 134 m/s with spin rates up to 3900 r/min. Light gates measured the speed and location of the balls at two locations from which lift and drag values were determined. Ball roughness varied from polished to rough surface protrusions, that is, seams as high as 1.5 mm. Lift and drag were observed to depend on speed, spin rate, surface roughness, and seam orientation. A drag crisis was observed on smooth balls as well as non-rotating seamed balls with seam heights less than 0.9 mm. The drag coefficient of approximately 0.42 was nearly constant with speed for spinning seamed balls with seam height greater than 0.9 mm. The still air drag coefficient of smooth balls was comparable to wind tunnel drag at low speeds ( Re < 2 × 105) and higher than wind tunnel results at high speeds ( Re > 2 × 105). The lift and drag coefficients of spinning balls increased with increasing spin rate. The lift coefficient of baseballs was not sensitive to ball orientation or seam height.
Determining Attitudes Toward Ability: A New Tool for New Understanding
Authors: Szymanski Antonia , Croft Laurie , Godor Brian
Published: November 2017

The purpose of this study is to explore teacher attitudes toward gifted students in several distinct areas and to provide psychometric evidence of reliability and validity for the use of an instrument titled “Determining Attitudes Toward Ability” (DATA) to measure specific components of teacher attitudes. Subscales of Focus on Others, Problems With Acceleration, Grade Skipping, Identification, and Curriculum/Policy and ranking the goals of gifted programming allow precise understanding of teacher attitudes regarding important factors in gifted education. This study represents the initial efforts to provide a psychometrically evaluated instrument that reflects developments in the field of gifted education.
Assessing gaps in cholesterol treatment guidelines for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease based on available randomised clinical trial evidence: The Rotterdam Study
Authors: Pavlović Jelena , Greenland Philip , Deckers Jaap W , Kavousi Maryam , Hofman Albert , Ikram M Arfan , Franco Oscar H , Leening Maarten JG
Published: November 2017

Background

The purpose of this study was to determine how American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) 2013 and European Society of Cardiology 2016 guidelines for the primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) compare in reflecting the totality of accrued randomised clinical trial evidence for statin treatment at population level.

Methods

From 1997–2008, 7279 participants aged 45–75 years, free of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, from the population-based Rotterdam Study were included. For each participant, we compared eligibility for each one of 11 randomised clinical trials on statin use in primary prevention of CVD, with recommendations on lipid-lowering therapy from the ACC/AHA and European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease incidence and cardiovascular disease mortality rates were calculated.

Results

The proportion of participants eligible for each trial ranged from 0.4% for ALLHAT-LLT to 30.8% for MEGA. The likelihood of being recommended for lipid-lowering treatment was lowest for those eligible for low-to-intermediate risk RCTs (HOPE-3, MEGA, and JUPITER), and highest for high-risk individuals with diabetes (MRC/BHF HPS, CARDS, and ASPEN) or elderly PROSPER. Eligibility for an increasing number of randomised clinical trials correlated with a greater likelihood of being recommended lipid-lowering treatment by either guideline ( p < 0.001 for both guidelines).

Conclusion

Compared to RCTs done in high risk populations, randomised clinical trials targeting low-to-intermediate risk populations are less well-reflected in the ACC/AHA, and even less so in the ESC guideline recommendations. Importantly, the low-to-intermediate risk population targeted by HOPE-3, the most recent randomised clinical trial in this field, is not well-captured by the current European prevention guidelines and should be specifically considered in future iterations of the guidelines.
Banking Reform: New Development in Banking Legislation in 2017
Authors: Ермаков В. , Ermakov V.
Published: November 2017

Th is article is devoted to legislative changes in the activities of Russian credit institutions that come into eff ect in 2018. Th ese changes in legislation lead to the creation of a two-tier system of credit institutions with signifi cant diff erences in the possibilities for conducting banking operations and other transactions.
Leasing Relations As an Important Source of Funding of the Activity of Small and Medium Entities
Authors: Калачева Ольга , Kalacheva Olga
Published: November 2017

In this article, the author reviews the problems of attracting fi nancial resources by small and medium entities for conducting their activities. It outlines the leasing as a priority and accessible source of replenishment the material and technical basis of small entities — plant assets. Th e economic and social role of leasing in the life of the country is revealed in the article.
Application of Dupin Cyclide’s Properties to Inventions
Authors: Сальков Николай , Sal'kov Nikolay
Published: November 2017

Dupin cyclide belongs to channel surfaces. These surfaces are the single known ones whose focal surfaces, i.e. surfaces consisting of point sets of centers of curvatures, have been degenerated into two confocal second order curves. In the works devoted to Dupin cyclide and published in the "Geometry and Graphics" journal, are presented various cyclides’ properties and demonstrated application of these surfaces in various industries, mostly in construction. Based on Dupin cyclides’ properties have been developed several inventions relating to drawing devices and having the opportunity to apply in various geometric constructions with the use of computer technologies. It is possible because the Dupin cyclides’ geometric properties suppose not only to create devices recognized as inventions, but also provide an opportunity to apply these properties to write programs for drawing v arious kinds of curves on a display screen: the second order curves, their equidistant in the direction of normals or tangents, as well as to perform other constructions. It should be said that in inventions belonging to technical areas, which include the drawing devices, the geometric component is always decisive. This position with the express aim of technical inventions can justify any copyright certificate of the USSR, any patent of Russia and foreign countries. Unfortunately, currently in schools geometry is not studied as a component of pupil’s intellectual horizons, that broadens his area of interests and teaches to analytical understanding the world, but as an inevitable, almost unnecessary appendage in preparation for the Unified State Examination.
Content of the Site for Supporting of Regional Student Competition on Engineering and Computer Graphics
Authors: Большаков В. , Bolshakov V. , Климов И. , Klimov I. , Чагина А. , Chagina A.
Published: November 2017

At the beginning of this paper has been pointed a large number of works, in which organizational, methodological and informational questions related to student competitions of different levels on graphic cycle’s courses are considered. In Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University "LETI" in 2000-2012 were hold 13 city (regional) student competitions on engineering and computer graphics (ECG) among St. Petersburg high educational institutions. In 2013-2016 regional student competitions were hold in Saint Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics (ITMO University). In this paper has been presented the main page of the site for supporting of regional student competitions on engineering and computer graphics preparation and holding in the St. Petersburg region. Has been demonstrated an example for representation of original data for one of the task options (2016) where it was necessary to create solid models of two parts, assemblies of these parts with standard fasteners, associative drawings of one part and assembly, and the assembly specification. Have been presented tables with criteria for assessments the development correctness of four documents: the part drawing, the assembly drawing, the specification, and a document with the assembly’s axonometric view and a localized section of two parts connection by fasteners. Has been considered a compilation of reference data from the Russian State Standards for student competition task fulfillment. This compilation usage excludes the need for reference books with a large amount of excess information not related to competition tasks. Has been presented information about the procedure for evaluation of performed competition tasks. The efficiency of preparation for participation in the competition based on the analysis of competition tasks performed in previous years has been marked. The experience in preparing students for participation in competitions shows the effectiveness of posting informational and methodical materials on the relevant thematic sites.
USING OF BYOD MODEL FOR TESTING OF EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENTS ON THE BASIS OF GOOGLE SEARCH SERVICES
Authors: Bondarenko T. , Kozhevnikov G.
Published: November 2017

The technology of using their own mobile devices of learners for testing educational achievements, based on the model of BYOD, in an article is offered. The proposed technology is based on cloud services Google. This technology provides a comprehensive support of testing system: creating appropriate forms, storing the results in cloud storage, processing test results and management of testing system through the use of Google-Calendar. A number of software products based on cloud technologies that allow using BYOD model for testing of educational achievement are described, their strengths and weaknesses are identified. This article also describes the stages of the testing process of the academic achievements of students on the basis of Google search services with using the BYOD model. The proposed approaches to the testing of educational achievements based on using of BYOD model extends the space and time of the testing, makes the test procedure more flexible and systematically, adds to the procedure for testing the elements of a computer game. BYOD model opens up broad prospects for implementation of ICT in all forms of learning process, and particularly in testing of educational achievement in view of the limited computing resources in education.
USING THE DISTANCE TECHNOLOGIES IN METHODICAL TRAINING OF FUTURE TEACHERS OF BIOLOGY
Authors: Grytsai N.
Published: November 2017

The article is justified the urgency of introducing the elements of distance learning in methodical training of future teachers of biology. The essence of the concepts of «distance learning» and «distance learning technologies», highlights to the views of different scholars. The author is found out that the distance learning can be proceeding through various means of communication: mail, phone, email, and telecommunications. Today the most common e-distance learning is made with the help of computer information and communication technologies. The author analyzes the results of a survey of teachers of biology on their use of innovative learning technologies. It was found out that in using the distance technology by the universities of Ukraine in their methodical training of future teachers is not enough. The author justified to specified difficulties in implementing the distance learning in higher education. The national and international experience with elements of distance learning in methodical training of future teachers of biology has been described by the author. The structure of the distance course by the subject «Methods of teaching biology» has been opened. A methodical portal to the students’ teaching practice has been proposed. The recommendations for implementation the distance learning technologies in the educational process of higher educational institutions of Ukraine to prepare a new generation of biology teachers that is competitive and competent has been made.
METHODICAL ASPECTS OF SYSTEM MAXIMA IN LEARNING PROCESS OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH
Authors: Kobylnyk T. , Kohut U.
Published: November 2017

Training of operations research of bachelors of Computer Science is particularly important because combines both fundamental concepts and principles of mathematics and informational different disciplines and applied models and algorithms for their use. One of the urgent problems of higher education is creation of a methodological training systems targeted at a broad, yet educationally balanced use of modern learning process and information and communication technologies, including computer systems of mathematics. It is scientifically based, educationally balanced and appropriate implementation of these tools in the educational institutions will increase the level of information technological support and substantial growth of informational and fundamental mathematical training of future specialists in computer science. Because of this, there is need to identify ways of using ICT in learning process of operations research of Bachelor of Computer Science in Pedagogical Universities, modernizing the learning environment, taking into account trends in the development of science and technology, improving teaching training systems, including through the use of computer mathematics system as learning tools. This article analyzes the experimental study of effectiveness of using the system Maxima methods in learning of operations research of bachelors of computer science. The article outlines the pedagogical directions of use of computer mathematics system (CMS) at studying operations research; highlights the methodological aspects of CMS Maxima in the study of this course. The purpose of the article is an experimental trial of CMS Maxima as a means of teaching of operations research of bachelors of computer science. The object of investigation is the learning process of bachelors of computer science with the use of CMS. The subject of investigation is the peculiarities of CMS Maxima using as a learning tool of support for computer science courses.
USE OF NETWORKING TECHNOLOGIES OF OPEN SYSTEMS IN TRAING BACHELORS OF COMPUTER SCIENCE: GENERAL CONCLUSIONS
Authors: Vdovychyn T.
Published: November 2017

The article highlights the main results of the study using networking technologies of open systems in training bachelors of computer science. The process of informatization of educational policy in Ukraine as a basis for the introduction of network technologies of open systems in the educational process is considered; the historical background of their formation and development is analyzed; the basic concept for their use in educational theory and practice is uderlined. The possibility of using networking technologies of open systems in the learning process of the first (bachelor) level of higher education in the field of knowledge 0403 "System sciences and cybernetics" training direction 6.040302 "Information *" is defined; the principles fundamentalization and modernization in training bachelors of computer science with the use of these technologies are analyzed. Pedagogical conditions for the learning process of bachelors of computer science in higher education are substantiated; procedural model using networking technologies of open systems in training bachelors of computer science is given; the criteria, indexes and levels of competence of bachelor of computer science in the use of networking technologies of open systems in future professional activity are given; the model of competence of bachelor of computer science in the use of networking technologies of open systems is developed and proved. The basic components of the method of using networking technologies of open systems in teaching bachelors of computer science based on improving the content of discipline "Organizational Informatics" using open networking systems are proved.Recommendations of implementation of networking technologies of open systems for students,teaching staff, university administration and teaching support staff are given.
STUDY OF FUTURE PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS’ CULTURAL TRAINING WITHIN THE INFORMATION CULTURE OF SOCIETY
Authors: Vinnyk T.
Published: November 2017

The article presents the results of scientific studies and experimental approbation of pedagogical conditions of future primary school teachers’ cultural training taking into account the information culture of society. The nature and structure of the notion «future primary school teachers’ cultural training» are clarified. The indicated phenomenon is considered as the structure of four levels, the core of which is personality’s humanistic orientation, the totality of psychological-pedagogical and cultural knowledge and skills, the complex of professionally significant personal qualities. The author pointed out the criteria and related indicators of cultural proficiency, they are: value-motivational (vocational and humanistic orientation; the presence of values and professional motives; motivation for success); substantial and procedural (knowledge and skills in psycho-pedagogical disciplines; the body of knowledge regarding the content and components of cultural training, cultural skills); assessment and behavioral (the existence of communicative qualities, ability to empathy, tolerance). Levels of future primary school teachers’ cultural readiness: high, average and low are characterized. The experience of ICT using in students’ cultural training is presented. Pedagogical conditions of future primary school teachers’ cultural training in University are identified, their effectiveness is proved by experimental testing.