bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
L’extraction et la modélisation de patrons lexico-syntaxiques pour leur enseignement en FLE : un exemple à partir du verbe montrer
Authors: Yan Rui , Hatier Sylvain
Published: March 2021

This study focuses on scientific writing and aims at improving verbal patterns teaching for L2 learners. Using a French corpus of scientific articles in humanities and social sciences (Scientext), we have collected and modelized lexicosyntactic patterns for the verb montrer and two of its synonyms. We aim at extracting specific structures for those three semantically close verbs, assuming that their semantic proximity will also be revealed in similar syntactic properties. We thus create a set of verbal patterns, with cooccurrence informations, to combine them to a tool designed to help L2 learners in their scientific writing.
Zwischen Abgrenzung und Faszination. Das nationalsozialistische Deutschland in populärkulturellen dänischen Darstellungen des Zweiten Weltkriegs
Authors: Gorbahn Katja
Published: March 2021

The paper discusses the presentation of Nazi Germany in products of current Danish popular culture. It analyzes and compares two different, but closely connected types of media: movies and popular history magazines. It is informed by a social identity approach and demonstrates that stereotypes with respect to Nazi Germany – such as technology and masculinity – are characterized by a specific tension between otherness and fascination. It argues that memory studies have to cope with the entanglement between national framing and transnational connections. This entanglement shapes specific dynamics in memory culture.
Forms of address as Cross-Cultural Code-Switching: The case of German and Danish in Higher Education
Authors: Ørsnes Bjarne
Published: March 2021

Both German and Danish have distinct pronouns for addressing communication partners formally and informally (referred to as V for Sie/De and T for du/du). However, their use differs considerably in Germany and Denmark, e. g. in higher education. In Germany, the lecturer and the students use V, in Denmark they use T. Based on the observation that Danish students are very reluctant (and sometimes even opposed) to use V in the classroom in Denmark, this article proposes to consider the use of V and T as a case of Cross-Cultural Code-Switching. It is hypothesized that V causes Cultural Cognitive Dissonance for (young) Danes since V is interpreted as an overt manifestation of power distance in a society which considers itself as egalitarian. Ways to cope with such cognitive dissonance in foreign language teaching are discussed. Furthermore, the article addresses the broader question of when cultural behaviours are supposed to apply and – in particular – what conventions are appropriate in higher education in Denmark when German is the language of instruction: should we use V as in Germany or T as in Denmark? Arguments for both choices are presented and discussed.
Die heile Welt in der Werbung – Stereotype als Bestandteil von Werbestil
Authors: Nielsen Martin
Published: March 2021

Advertising is an area that has to rely heavily on reduced and simplified message content due to its often very short perception time or its high reception speed (cf. Kroeber-Riel et al. 2009). Therefore, advertising is a fertile field for investigating stereotypes whose reduced form of presentation serves a quicker orientation in an increasingly complex media society with stimulus overload (cf. Müller/Gelbrich 2014a). In this article, the principle of the “unspoiled world”, “Die heile Welt”, in advertising (cf. Thomsen 1998; Schoenen 2008; Siegert/Brecheis 2010) as a stereotype is identified and discussed. This particular advertising style has previously only been mentioned sporadically in literature. Therefore, in this article different case studies from German advertising and their scholarly thematisation (cf. e. g. Moritz 1997; Bohnsack 2003) are discussed from different perspectives. The specific stereotype advertising phenomenon of “heile Welt” is used to support, develop and differentiate different conceptualisations of advertising style.
Schwa-Elision und die Wortprosodie des Luxemburgischen
Authors: Conrad François
Published: March 2021

In the young Germanic language Luxembourgish schwa can be dropped in the context before (and sometimes after) a sonorant and following a stressed syllable, e. g. Elteren > Elt_ren ‘parents’. The present paper describes schwa deletion from three perspectives: (1) the influ-ence of speech rate (allegro vs. lento speech), (2) the influence of the segments adjacent to schwa and (3) the prosodic structure of words. The results of an empirical investigation with 15 native speakers show that the deletion is very frequent in spoken Luxembourgish and that the two first aspects jointly account for the phenomenon. Regarding the third aspect, due to the loss of the vowel and hence of a syllable the predominance of the dactyl shifts towards the trochee, which constitutes the unmarked foot type in spoken Luxembourgish.
The linguistic sign: Metonymy and virtuality
Authors: Glaz Adam
Published: March 2021

Grounded in a rich philosophical and semiotic tradition, the most influential models of the linguistic sign have been Saussure’s intimate connection between the signifier and the signi-fied and Ogden and Richards’ semiotic triangle. Within the triangle, claim the cognitive lin-guists Radden and Kövecses, the sign functions in a metonymic fashion. The triangular semi-otic model is expanded here to a trapezium and calibrated with, on the one hand, Peirce’s conception of virtuality, and on the other hand, with some of the tenets of Langacker’s Cogni-tive Grammar. In conclusion, the question “How does the linguistic sign mean?” is answered thus: it means by virtue of the linguistic form activating (virtually) the entire trapezium-like configuration of forms, concepts, experienced projections, and relationships between all of the above. Activation of the real world remains dubious or indirect. The process is both meto-nymic and virtual, in the sense specified.
Zu satzfinaler Subjektposition, Unakkusativität und C-Domäne im Jiddischen
Authors: Mecner Pawel
Published: March 2021

The article examines structures of Yiddish clauses in which the kernel verb contains only one NP. The thematic role of an accessible NP is patient/theme, whereas the agent-NP remains vacant. It is assumed that a direct object of the type “X efent Y” (‘X opens Y’) and an accessible NP of the type “exists Y” appear in Yiddish in the clause-final position as a focalized subject. The study combines minimalist investigations and the cartographic approach, especially with regard to CP and IP/TP structures proposed in Rizzi (1997, 2004) and Belletti (1999) among others, and adopts the concept of functional topic/focus projections in the syntax of Yiddish. Investigations reveal possibilities of case assignment and feature checking in lower projection areas as well as the correlation between the topic projection of the C-domain and the clause-internal focus projection. A mechanism is assumed to combine precisely clause-final focalized subjects, unaccusatives and the C-domain including the following alternatives: (i) unmarked adverbials (PPs), (ii) expletive es and (iii) verb fronting. The analyzed structures have been observed in texts of Isaac Bashevis Singer (1931), Isaac Leib Peretz, (ed. 1920) and Fishl Bimko (1921) as well as in Yiddish daily newspaper Forverts.
Zur Ikonizität deutscher Zwillingsformeln
Authors: Gaweł Agnieszka
Published: March 2021

In this paper we present a corpus analysis of the influence of sequential iconicity on the linear order of German irreversible binomials. The analysis provides evidence for the thesis that semantic and pragmatic factors determining the linear order of binomials can be interpreted as examples of sequential iconicity which subsumes several cases of iconic coding: the linear order of linguistic units reflecting the structure of the extralinguistic reality, the cognitive pro-cesses and the sociocultural coding.
Verbale Aggression: das Spektrum der Funktionen
Authors: Havryliv Oksana
Published: March 2021

Although verbal aggression plays an important role in people’s lives, this subject has been tabood for a long time in both public and in scientific terms. However, an interest in this topic has increased in recent years, especially from the perspective of language as a means of violence. Characteristically the study of language as a means of violence is pursued not as primarily linguistic one, but from the perspective of philosophy of language, and the terms verbal aggression and verbal violence are regarded as synonyms. In this article we will draw a line between these two terms and present the results of our surveys and case studies suggesting that verbal aggression is a complex linguistic phenomenon. Departing from our observations we will try to show that both the intention aimed at humiliation of the addressee (when verbal aggression equals to verbal violence), as well as intentions that are not aimed at verbal violence and that we can call efficient may be false, since the need to communicate negative emotions is inherent in people’s communication (emotional function of language), aimed at expressing some negative moments, rather than intending to offend the addressee. These productive functions of verbal aggression, which are emphasized in the field of psychology, have not been sufficiently studied from linguistic perspective. Special attention in the article is given to the relation of verbal and physical aggression. The article is illustrated by the examples from the German language (on the ground of our empirical data, based on oral and written surveys of the residents of Vienna - 700).
Lokale Strategien der (sprachlichen) Realisierung von globalen Feindbildern
Authors: Palašić Nikolina
Published: March 2021

The goal of this paper is to try to show how language can be used to construct hostile images and how on the basis of these images verbal and physical violence may arise. A recent situation in Croatia, which from present-day perspective can without reservation be described as an anti-gay campaign (2013), will serve as an example of hate speech. We use the statements and images that were used at that time in the media and by the general public to try and explain the origin of such words and images and to explain how they should be interpreted with respect to the Croatian social context.
The Limits of Perception in the Tonal Orthographies of three-tone Systems
Authors: Adeniyi Kolawole
Published: March 2021

This article discusses the representation of downstep in the tonal orthographies of some three-tone languages of West Benue-Congo, in the light of the phonological properties of tone in the languages. Ebira has total downstep, which makes both downstepped high and down-stepped mid to be perceived at a level close to outright low tone, and written so; downstepped high in Igala is realised around the level of the mid tone and is often written as mid in the or-thography. In Gwari, the docking of floating high tonal morpheme and contour simplification interact with downstep in such a way that downstepped high tones are frequently written as mid. It is shown that these situations arise because surface tone perception is taken as the sole parameter for tone categorisation, ignoring the underlying tones of lexical items in the lan-guages as well as the number of tones and possible terracing-triggered intersections between the tones. It is argued that the orthographies of the languages will be far more accurate if these obvious facts of downstep are incorporated.
Zum Status sprachlich kodierter Einheiten in der massenmedialen Kommunikation
Authors: Kapuścińska Anna
Published: March 2021

This article advocates a perspective on the textuality of language units in the massmedia which is not biased with the established cultural schemes. Due to their massmedia context it appears to be unadequate to categorise them as texts, even though they are from the formal viewpoint comparable to conventional text units. However, such units are evidently not intended for the kind of reception which is typical of texts, but function rather as components of complex “visual surfaces” (Schmitz 2011: 23–42). Most researchers – also outside the field of linguistics – attempt to ascribe such units to one of the established categories of signs, so that they are perceived either as (unusual) texts or as (unusual) pictures, which inevitably results in focusing on their either textual or pictorial aspects. An alternative is an interdisciplinary approach, perceiving such units as a separate type of signs und determining their comprehensive analysis.
When Shikamoo Mama/Baba replaces Tukuwoni Mawu/Dadi: An account of shifting access rituals among the Ngoni of Tanzania
Authors: Mapunda Gastor , Sommer Gabriele
Published: March 2021

The current paper is an attempt at providing an ethnographic description of Tanzanian Ngoni access rituals (greetings) considering verbal and visual aspects of these communicative rou-tines. Three methods of data collection were used, namely: role-play, semi-structured inter-view, and observation. The role-plays were used in order to see how the Ngoni apply their knowledge of this kind of access ritual still acquired in the course of growing up in their communities. Role-plays were recorded with a digital camcorder after the interviews had tak-en place. Semi-structured interviews were meant to provide insights into diachronic develop-ments such as how the expression of politeness through greetings may have changed. Obser-vation method was meant to capture behavioural patterns shown during greeting exchanges and notes were taken immediately thereafter. The main findings are that due to pervasive con-tact between Ngoni and Swahili, greetings tend to be brief today and there is a widespread use of code-switching by all age groups. The tendency to prefer Swahili is viewed by older mem-bers of the community as lack of respect whereas the younger generations regard the use of Swahili as more appropriate and as a reflection of social changes that have been taking place in the community.
Übergänge zur Schriftlichkeit. Zu wechselnden Profilen dialektaler Literalität am Beispiel des Niederdeutschen
Authors: Langhanke Robert
Published: March 2021

Different types of Low German literacy create varieties in addition to spoken Low German. Their function differs according to the change of language use. By setting the focus on dialectal literature it becomes clear, which concepts of Low German literature became influential since the 19th century. In the recent situation, new perspectives for Low German and its literature can be found in the field of planned language acquisition for example at school. Therefore written forms of Low German become much more important than usually thought of by looking at the ideas of language policy and the development at schools in Northern Germany.
Stadt, Land, Berg. Vom Zusammenspiel von Dialektwahrnehmung und Topographie
Authors: Schwarz Christian , Stöckle Philipp
Published: March 2021

In traditional dialectology, prominent geographical conditions are particularly made responsible for linguistic divergence between neighboring dialect areas (e. g. rivers, mountain ranges, etc.). Also modern national borders, territories of the Middle Ages or even older borders between tribal areas are made responsible as factors which consider linguistic areas as “mirror pictures of history” (Bach 1950: 31, translation: CS). Geographical as well as political borders seem to function as points of orientation that speakers use for constructing their cognitive surroundings and which consequently can result in linguistic divergence. In our contribution, we want to focus on the question of how the topographic nature of land-scapes influences the mental construction of linguistic areas by lay speakers. For pursuing this question, we will discuss results from German dialect areas that cover a broad range of different topographic landscape forms. The analyzed areas are located in the utter southwest of Germany (characterized by flat lands along the Rhine valley and low mountain ranges of the Black Forest) and in South Tyrol in the very north of Italy (characterized by mountains and deep valley cuttings). In our contribution, we will argue that speakers in their subjective dialect perception orient themselves toward national borders and topographically prominent points. With regard to topography primarily valleys are used as eponyms for subjective dialect areas.
Mediale Hybridisierung in Hernando Alvarado Tezozomocs „Crónica Mexicana“
Authors: Richter Annegret
Published: March 2021

The Crónica Mexicana is an account of the Aztec history by Mexica historian Hernando Al-varado Tezozomoc. Written ca. 1598, the chronicle focuses on the journey of the Aztec people, on its mythical origins in Aztlan, its migrations and its military endeavors until becoming the most important power in central Mexico. The work ends with the arrival of the Spaniards in Tlaxcala. In this paper, I analyse how Tezozomoc narrates Aztec history by combining narrative strategies of both Spanish and Aztec origins. I argue that the chronicle can not only be read as an example of the hybridization of different cultural traditions but that it also presents a new understanding of the Spanish colonization by integrating it into a Mesoamerican concept of time.
We Live Surrounded by Pigs: Naming the Space
Authors: Ungureanu Dan
Published: March 2021

The geographical nickname is a complex entity, both geographic, social and linguistic. The study is a sociolinguistic one. It focuses on the relation between language and space in Italy, Germany, Switzerland and Romania. We present the widespread practice of giving collective nicknames to the inhabitants of neighbouring villages or cities. This nicknaming reinforces the collective local identity, and defines narrowly the acceptable social and linguistic space. The individual and collective identity of the speakers is constructed through these nicknames. The local nicknames disappear in the 1950–1960, and are gradually replaced by other nicknames, encompassing larger geographical areas. These new nicknames reflect the new migrations.
Typing yourself healthy: Introduction to the special issue on language and health online
Authors: Locher Miriam A. , Thurnherr Franziska
Published: March 2021

This chapter functions as an introduction to the special issue on Language and Health Online, which features 10 original research papers. It reviews the results of the papers and the joint emerging themes: the impact of technical and social affordances of computer-mediated interaction; discovering an emic perspective of health issues, uncovering health ideologies, and the theme of patient empowerment; the construction of identities, the construction of shared experiences, and the use of narratives. The diverse methodologies that are employed are introduced and a case is made for an open, versatile and mixed methodology when researching language and health online.
“If you start again, don’t worry. You haven’t failed”. Relapse talk and motivation in online smoking cessation
Authors: Rudolf von Rohr Marie-Thérèse
Published: March 2021

In this article, I explore how relapse following initial smoking cessation is discursively construed and how participants position each other to enhance motivation in two different settings: smoking cessation forums and websites from the UK. In my qualitative discourse analysis, I focus on identity construction and relational work to pinpoint how users are re-motivated when they have not managed to reach their goal of becoming smoke-free. Results show an imbalance regarding how extensively relapse is covered in a selection of smoking cessation forums and websites. Relapsing is constructed as a normal part of a quitting journey and not as a deviation from it. Similarly, the moral obligation of making healthy lifestyle choices influences the construction of the relapsed self. My analysis also revealed that writers resort to face-enhancing relational work strategies to console readers and connect with them. Further, while referring to personal experience was a means of normalizing relapses in forums, websites used numerical evidence to back up their informational statements. In both settings, relapsing is transformed into a beneficial learning experience, thereby positioning quitters as having an advantage over new quitters. The findings suggest that there is a common discourse of how relapsing is conceptualized, both on professional and peer-to-peer sites. This paper adds to previous studies of online health practices, providing a different angle by not focussing on success stories. It adds interesting insights by comparing peer-to-peer practices to monologic websites, and it shows that an interpersonal pragmatic approach allows investigating how participants try to impact each other’s decision-making.
“As it’s our last exchange next time…”. The closure initiation in email counseling
Authors: Thurnherr Franziska
Published: March 2021

This paper reports from an interpersonal pragmatics perspective on the negotiation of closure of the counseling process in five naturally occurring email counseling exchanges between one counselor and five different clients. I focus on three aspects: who initiates closure, in what form, and in which interpersonal context. A mixed methodology consisting of a discourse-analytic approach combined with a participant interview serves to examine the closure initiation from multiple perspectives. Results show that extensive collaborative work (e. g. relational strategies such as showing empathy or praising) is carried out to create a “closure-relevant” environment in which the initiation of closure can occur. The counselor, who initiates all five closures, tailors the initiation according to clients’ progress so far and elicits specific relational work (e. g. self-praise) from clients that aims to position them as active self-helpers. It is the collaborative work by counselor and clients that facilitates the closure initiation of the counseling process. The analysis of the collaborative work from an interpersonal pragmatics perspective provides further empirical evidence of the link between relational work and identity construction.
A topic to rack our clever brains on: Premodification in Hungarian and English body-part idioms
Authors: Bakó Barbara
Published: March 2021

The aim of this paper is to examine the adjectival premodification tendencies in English and Hungarian V + NP idioms that involve body-part terms. Investigating the modified variations of twenty expressions in corpora, five major types of premodifiers have been found to occur with this particular class of verbal idioms: conjunction, expressive, external, intermediate, and internal. Conjunction adnominals modify only the literal referent of the body-part term; ex-pressives provide some additional emotional content, while external modifiers have the whole VP in their scope, and function as adverbials. The intermediate type operates only at the figurative level, modifying the abstract meaning of the head noun. Within internal modification, two subclasses should be distinguished: (i) the Stathian (2007) literal-only, and (ii) the literal-and-figurative proposed by Cserép (2010). Intermediate level as well as literal-and-figurative modifiers require the noun to be semantically autonomous, therefore, in principle, these two types can occur only with transparent idioms. It turned out, however, that this is not always true.
Historische formelhafte Wendungen als Konstruktionen: Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der diachronen Konstruktionsgrammatik
Authors: Filatkina Natalia
Published: March 2021

Construction Grammar and research on phraseology have both commenced as purely synchronically oriented subfields of linguistics and are nowadays only starting to gain a historical dimension. Both disciplines put such units of language in the center of their research that I address in the present paper as formulaic patterns. The paper aims to discuss the possibilities and limits of multifold interactions between the two subfields of linguistics with regard to historical formulaic language. An overview of the state of the art in the field of diachronic Construction Grammar (Section 2) is followed by reflections on historical phraseology that can already partially offer some answers to the questions posed by the Construction grammar only now (cf. Section 3). The case studies (Section 4) provide an empirical basis for the preceding theoretical considerations and are based on the data of the Research Group HiFoS at the University of Trier. The data consist of about 32.000 fully annotated formulaic patterns from historical German texts since the beginning of the written tradition in the 8th century to 1650.
Sentence adverbials: Defining the research object and outlining the research results
Authors: De Cesare Anna-Maria , Albom Ana , Cimmino Doriana , Spagnolo Marta Lupica
Published: March 2021

The aim of this contribution – functioning as preface to the special issue of Linguistik online entitled Formal and functional perspectives on sentence adverbials in the Romance languagesand beyond – is to give a general overview of its research object and agenda. We start by providing a morpho-syntactic definition of the category of adverbials and then present a functional classification of these expressions, paying particular attention to the category of sentence adverbials. After having clarified the research object of this special issue, we present the content of the ten contributions collected, by identifying the lines of analysis which they address.
Epistemic, Evaluative, Speech Act Adverbs and Italian Political Language
Authors: La Forgia Francesca
Published: March 2021

This paper focuses on a group of Italian adverbs ending in -mente whose general function is to convey the speaker/writer’s stance towards what is being said or written: Its purpose is to offer a preliminary description of how epistemic, evaluative and speech act adverbs are used in a specific genre of political discourse: parliamentarians’ speeches during sessions of the Assemblea of the Italian Chamber of Deputies. Since these speeches have an argumentative communicative intention and are highly planned texts, they constitute a potentially favourable environment to observe how these adverbs contribute to building the argumentation, handling agreements and disagreements, and supporting or rejecting opinions.More precisely, I will analyse epistemic adverbs that express doubt and certainty, such as probabilmente (‘probably’) and certamente (‘certainly’); epistemic adverbs that express the source of knowledge, such as ovviamente (‘obviously’) and evidentemente (‘evidently’); evaluative content-oriented adverbs like sfortunatamente (‘unfortunately’); participant-oriented adverbs like giustamente (‘justly’/‘rightly’); and speech act adverbs such as francamente (‘frankly’).
Epistemic sentence adverbs, epistemic complement-taking predicates and epistemic pragmatic markers
Authors: Pietrandrea Paola
Published: March 2021

This study presents a formal and functional data-driven characterization of sentence adverbs. We define epistemic sentence adverbs as semantic predicates that validate the truth value of their scopes and are macrosyntactically dependent on them. We distinguish epistemic sentence adverbs on the one hand from epistemic complement-taking predicates – i. e., semantic predicates that validate the truth value of their scopes and govern them microsyntactically – and on the other hand from epistemic pragmatic markers – i. e., semantic predicates that validate the truth value of their scopes and that are syntactically independent of them. We also hypothesize that epistemic sentence adverbs have a specific functional role. Unlike (most) epistemic complement taking predicates, they express a non-addressable epistemic evaluation of the scope; unlike pragmatic markers they serve to qualify, rather than negotiate, the epistemic evaluation of the scope. We show that such a distinction is not necessarily inscribed at the lexical level: even though some words invariably behave as sentence adverbs, other words can be classified as epistemic sentence adverbs in some syntactic contexts, and as other epistemic markers in other syntactic contexts.
The representation of modal meaning of French sentence adverbs in a qualitative and quantitative approach
Authors: Rossari Corinne
Published: March 2021

Our aim is to give a representation of the modal contribution of sentence adverbs in comparison to other forms conveying modal meaning, such as tenses and modal verbs. Our analysis will focus on modal sentence adverbs conveying epistemic meaning. These will be compared with the modal verbs pouvoir (can) and devoir (must) as well as with some uses of the future tense (called epistemic uses), with the purpose to present a model allowing to apprehend modal meanings transmitted by lexical and grammatical forms in order to differentiate their functioning. We will then substantiate our qualitative analysis by quantitative studies on the collocates that the modal sentence adverbs co-occur with in contemporary corpora constituted of 21st century newspapers, as well as in two other corpora representing two different genres and time periods: Universalis Encyclopedia and the digital edition of the Encyclopedia of Diderot and d’Alembert.
Biological and chemical diversity of the Indonesian marine nudibranchs based on MS/MS molecular networking approach
Authors: Kurnianda Viqqi , Winahyu Diah Astika , Firdaus Rian , Wahyudi Erry , Musman Musri
Published: March 2021

Abstract. The collection of 337 specimens of the Chromodoris species was conducted in Sabang island, Indonesia, from 2013 to 2019. The purpose of this study to investigate the biodiversity and their secondary metabolites related by molecular structures. There are 21 species together with the chemical diversity detected by MS/MS molecular networking approach. The results showed that the nudibranch species of C. willani and C. geometrica have the highest abundance species, while C. aureopurpurea has the lowest abundance species. The result of the chemical investigation showed that the class of diterpene derivatives was found from all specimens of Chromodoris genus in Sabang island, the western part of the Indonesian Archipelago.Keywords: Nudibranch, biodiversity, chemical diversity, MS/MS molecular networking, Chromodoris genus
Efektivitas low light emitting diode sebagai lampu pengumpul ikan untuk perikanan bagan tancap
Authors: Susanto Adi , Wisudo Sugeng Hari , Baskoro Mulyono Sumitro , Riyanto Mochammad , Purwangka Fis
Published: March 2021

The effectiveness of the artificial lights on fishing activity with a fixed lift net is significant influences on the success of fishing operations. The used of color and intensity must be adjusted to the preferences, response and behavior of the target fish, due to the fish can be more quickly attracted and concentrated in the catchable area. The development of LED technology as an energy-saving lamp has a great opportunity to be applied as a fishing lamp for fixed lift net fisheries. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of low power LEDs as a fishing lamp based on fish behavioral response. The study was conducted on a research field laboratory that was built in the waters of the Banten Bay in July - August 2018. Test fish were collected from catches of the guiding barrier around the research vehicle. Data on response and behavior of fish to fluorescent lights, blue, green and white LEDs were recorded using 360 ° sonar and side imaging sonar. The results showed the green LEDs had better effectiveness in attracting, focusing and concentrating fish in the main zone than other types of lights. The fish gather more quickly, form groups and have a stable and consistent swimming pattern in the main lighting zone. Green LED is more appropriate to be used as a fishing lamp on fixed lift net fishing with an optimum intensity range of 4-20 μW cm².Keywords: Light, Intensity, Optimum, Response, BehaviorABSTRAKEfektivitas lampu yang digunakan pada proses penangkapan dengan bagan tancap sangat berpengaruh terhadap keberhasilan operasi penangkapan ikan. Intensitas dan warna yang digunakan harus disesuaikan dengan preferensi, respons dan tingkah laku ikan target sehingga ikan lebih cepat terkumpul dan terkonsentrasi pada catchable area. Perkembangan teknologi LED sebagai lampu hemat energi berpeluang besar digunakan sebagai fishing lamp untuk perikanan bagan tancap. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan efektivitas low power LED sebagai lampu pemikat ikan berdasarkan aspek respons dan tingkah laku ikan. Penelitian dilakukan pada wahana penelitian yang dibangun di perairan Teluk Banten pada bulan Juli - Agustus 2018. Ikan uji diperoleh dari hasil tangkapan sero yang berada di sekitar wahana penelitian. Data respons dan tingkah laku ikan terhadap lampu neon, LED biru, hijau dan putih direkam menggunakan sonar 360° dan side imaging sonar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan LED hijau memiliki efektivitas yang lebih baik dalam memikat, mengumpulkan dan mengkonsentrasikan ikan pada main zone dibandingkan jenis lampu lainnya. Ikan lebih cepat berkumpul, membentuk kelompok serta memiliki pola renang yang stabil dan konsistem di zona utama pencahayaan. LED hijau lebih tepat digunakan sebagai fishing lamp pada bagan tancap dibandingkan jenis lampu lainnya dengan intensitas optimum antara 4-20 μW/cm².Kata kunci: Cahaya, Intensitas, Optimum, Respons, Tingkah laku
Peran dinamika laut dan topografi terhadap pola hujan tipe lokal di wilayah Kota Palu
Authors: Alfiandy Solih , Hutauruk Rheinhart Christian Hamonangan , Permana Donaldi Sukma
Published: March 2021

Palu is well – known for its local type rainfall patterns but there are no previous studies examining the relationship between its rainfall pattern and ocean dynamics at regional scale and its unique topography in this region.  The aim of this research is to determine the role of ocean dynamics through an analysis of mean sea surface temperatures (SST) and its correlation to rainfall, analysis of precipitable water and zonal-meridional winds against SST and topographic effects on rainfall which causes Palu is having a local type rainfall pattern. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis and quantitative statistical analysis. The results showed that the pattern of precipitable water and zonal-meridional winds follow the pattern of SST which influenced by the sun’s annual motion.  Rainfall in Palu is affected by the SST and moisture from surrounding waters of Palu with varying amounts each month. Local type rainfall patterns in Palu is influenced by a combination of ocean dynamics, land-sea breeze and valley-mountain winds due to geographical location and unique topographic condition.Keywords: Ocean dynamics, Sea surface temperature, Rainfall, pattern local type, Palu city ABSTRAKKota Palu terkenal dengan pola hujan tipe lokal namun belum ada penelitian yang mengkaji wilayah ini untuk mengetahui hubunganya dengan dinamika laut dalam skala regional dan topografinya yang unik. Tujuan dari kajian penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peran dinamika laut melalui analisis rata – rata suhu permukaan laut dan hubungannya dengan curah hujan, analisis rata – rata kondisi uap air atau precipitable water serta angin zonal – meridional terhadap suhu permukaan laut dan pengaruh topografi terhadap curah hujan yang menyebabkan wilayah kota Palu memiliki pola hujan tipe lokal. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif dan analisis statistik kuantitatif. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pola precipitable water dan angin zonal – meridional mengikuti pola suhu permukaan laut yang dipengaruhi oleh gerak semu matahari tahunan. Curah hujan di wilayah kota Palu mendapatkan kontribusi dari suhu permukaan laut di sekitar wilayah perairan kota Palu dengan jumlah yang bervariasi disetiap bulannya. Pola hujan tipe lokal di wilayah kota Palu terjadi karena adanya kombinasi antara dinamika laut, angin darat – angin laut dan angin lembah – angin gunung karena letak geografis serta kondisi topografinya yang unik.Kata kunci: Dinamika Laut, Pengaruh suhu Permukaan laut, Pola hujan tipe lokal, Kota Palu
Karakterisasi parasit pada komoditas perikanan di Balai Karantina Ikan, Pengendalian Mutu, dan Keamanan Hasil Perikanan Semarang, Jawa Tengah.
Authors: Febrina Melinda , Ulkhaq Mohammad Faizal , Widyadi Hayu , Budi Darmawan Setia , Suciyono Suciyono
Published: March 2021

Parasite is one of the infectious disease pathogens in fish which can cause secondary infection by bacteria, fungi and viruses. Therefore, fish quarantine activities are needed to prevent disease transmission and are carried out by the fish quarantine center. This study aimed to characterize the types of parasites that infect fish commodities that will be trafficked at the Fish Quarantine Center, Quality Control and Safety of Fishery Products in Semarang, Central Java. Parasitic examination was carried out using the original microscopic method by scraping the mucus, gills and internal organs, then characterizing it morphologically. The results showed that the infected parasites in fish samples included ectoparasites (Trichodina, Gyrodactylus, Dactylogyrus, Chilodonella, and Argulus) and endoparasites (Anisakis).Keywords:ParasitesFishery CommodityBKIPMHP SemarangABSTRAKParasit merupakan salah satu patogen penyebab penyakit infeksius yang dapat memicu terjadinya infeksi sekunder oleh bakteri, jamur maupun virus. Oleh sebab itu, perlu dilakukan tindakan karantina ikan untuk mencegah terjadinya penyebaran penyakit yang dilakukan oleh balai karantina ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkarakterisasi jenis parasit yang menginfeksi komoditas ikan yang akan dilalulintaskan di Balai Karantina Ikan, Pengendalian Mutu dan Keamanan Hasil Perikanan Semarang, Jawa Tengah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu pemeriksaan secara mikroskopis menggunakan metode natif/langsung pada lendir, insang dan organ dalam ikan, dilakukan karakterisasi secara morfologis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sampel ikan terinfeksi parasit dari golongan ektoparasit (Trichodina, Gyrodactylus, Dactylogyrus, Chilodonella, and Argulus) dan endoparasit (Anisakis).Kata kunci:ParasitKomoditas Perikanan BKIPMHP Semarang
PDC-Net: Robust point cloud registration using deep cyclic neural network combined with PCA
Authors: Liu Dengzhi , Zhang Yu , Luo Lin , Li Jinlong , Gao Xiaorong
Published: March 2021

It is important to improve the registration precision and speed in the process of registration. In order to solve this problem, we proposed a robust point cloud registration method based on deep learning, called PDC-Net, using a principal component analysis based adjustment network that quickly adjusts the initial position between two slices of the point cloud, then using an iterative neural network based on the inverse compositional algorithm to complete the final registration transformation. We compare it on the ModelNet40 dataset with iterative closest point, which is the traditional point cloud registration method, and the learning-based methods including PointNet-LK and deep closest point. The experimental results show that the registration error is not worse with the increase of the initial phase between point clouds, avoiding the algorithm falling into the local optimal solution and enhancing the robustness of registration.
Narrow-linewidth high-efficiency single-frequency ytterbium-doped fiber laser with highly linear polarization at 1064  nm
Authors: Qi Zhangni , Yin Taoce , Jiang Xiaogang , Chen Feihong , He Sailing
Published: March 2021

We present a linearly polarized single-longitudinal-mode (SLM) ytterbium-doped fiber laser with a polarization extinction ratio (PER) of over 35 dB and a narrow linewidth of less than 4.5 kHz. The very high PER is obtained by utilizing the polarization evolution effect at the optical fiber and the high-performance polarizing beam splitter. The SLM is achieved by using a segment of polarization-maintaining ytterbium-doped fiber as a narrowband filter. In addition, a high optical signal-to-noise ratio of 50 dB and a good slope efficiency of 60.5% are achieved. Using an ytterbium-doped fiber amplifier, a linearly polarized SLM laser system with a high power of over 2.5 W is demonstrated at 1064 nm.
Application of Fresnel diffraction from the edge of a transparent plate to measurement of glucose concentration
Authors: Bahmanpour Sana , Mahmoudi Ali
Published: March 2021

We present a new method for measuring the solution concentration based on laser light diffraction from the edge of a glass plate immersed in the solution. It is shown experimentally that the visibility of diffraction fringes is varied periodically with solution concentration and the period is related to light wavelength and thickness of the glass plate. There are intervals of concentrations in which the visibility-concentration curve is very near to linear. By choosing a suitable glass plate, one can change the extent of measurable concentrations and the resolution of the method. Using a 1 mm thick glass plate, we obtained a resolution of

7.67
×

10

−
6

g

/

c
c

in the detection of glucose concentration. The presented method is accurate and much simpler than other methods for measuring the solution concentration.
All-optical single-shot complete electric field measurement of extreme ultraviolet free electron laser pulses
Authors: Peters William K. , Jones Travis , Efimov Anatoly , Pedersoli Emanuele , Foglia Laura , Mincigrucci Riccardo , Nikolov Ivaylo , Trebino Rick , Danailov Miltcho B. , Capotondi Flavio , Bencivenga Filippo , Bowlan Pamela
Published: March 2021

Recent advances in ultrafast extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and x-ray light
sources provide direct access to fundamental time and length scales
for biology, chemistry, and materials physics. However, such light
pulses are challenging to measure due to the need for femtosecond time
resolution at difficult-to-detect wavelengths. Also, single-shot
measurements are needed because severe pulse-to-pulse fluctuations are
common. Here we demonstrate single-shot, complete field measurements
by applying a novel version of frequency resolved optical gating. An
EUV free electron laser beam creates a transient grating containing
the pulse’s electric field information, which is read out with a
400 nm probe pulse. By varying the time delay between two copies of
the EUV pump, rather than between the pump and the probe, we separate
the needed coherent wave mixing from the slow incoherent response.
Because this approach uses photoionization, it should be applicable
from the vacuum ultraviolet to hard x rays.
Ptychographic wavefront characterization for single-particle imaging at x-ray lasers
Authors: Daurer Benedikt J. , Sala Simone , Hantke Max F. , Reddy Hemanth K. N. , Bielecki Johan , Shen Zhou , Nettelblad Carl , Svenda Martin , Ekeberg Tomas , Carini Gabriella A. , Hart Philip , Osipov Timur , Aquila Andrew , Loh N. Duane , Maia Filipe R. N. C. , Thibault Pierre
Published: March 2021

A well-characterized wavefront is important for many x-ray
free-electron laser (XFEL) experiments, especially for single-particle
imaging (SPI), where individual biomolecules randomly sample a
nanometer region of highly focused femtosecond pulses. We demonstrate
high-resolution multiple-plane wavefront imaging of an ensemble of
XFEL pulses, focused by Kirkpatrick–Baez mirrors, based on mixed-state
ptychography, an approach letting us infer and reduce experimental
sources of instability. From the recovered wavefront profiles, we show
that while local photon fluence correction is crucial and possible for
SPI, a small diversity of phase tilts likely has no impact. Our
detailed characterization will aid interpretation of data from past
and future SPI experiments and provides a basis for further
improvements to experimental design and reconstruction algorithms.
Intra-operative autologous blood donation for cardiovascular surgeries in Japan: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Okuno Takuya , Kunisawa Susumu , Fushimi Kiyohide , Imanaka Yuichi
Published: March 2021

Intra-operative autologous blood donation is a blood conservation technique with limited evidence. We evaluated the association between intra-operative autologous blood donation and decrease in peri-operative transfusion in cardiovascular surgery based on evidence from a Japanese administrative database. We extracted the data of patients who had undergone cardiovascular surgery from the Diagnosis Procedure Combination database in Japan (2016–2019). Based on the surgery type, we examined the association of intra-operative autologous blood donation with the transfusion rate and amount of blood used in cardiac and aortic surgeries using multilevel propensity score matching. We enrolled 32,433 and 4,267 patients who underwent cardiac and aortic surgeries and received 5.0% and 6.7% intra-operative autologous blood donation with mean volumes of 557.68 mL and 616.96 mL, respectively. The red blood cell transfusion rates of the control and intra-operative autologous blood donation groups were 60.6% and 38.4%, respectively, in the cardiac surgery cohort (p < .001) and 91.4%, and 83.8%, respectively, in the aortic surgery cohort (p = .037). The transfusion amounts for the control and intra-operative autologous blood donation groups were 5.9 and 3.5 units of red blood cells, respectively, for cardiac surgery patients (p < .001) and 11.9 and 7.9 units, respectively, for aortic surgery patients (p < .001). Intra-operative autologous blood donation could reduce the transfusion rate or amount of red blood cells and fresh frozen plasma for patients undergoing index cardiovascular surgery and could be an effective blood transfusion strategy in cardiovascular surgery for Japanese patients.
What cancer research makes the news? A quantitative analysis of online news stories that mention cancer studies
Authors: Moorhead Laura , Krakow Melinda , Maggio Lauren
Published: March 2021

Journalists’ health and science reporting aid the public’s direct access to research through the inclusion of hyperlinks leading to original studies in peer-reviewed journals. While this effort supports the US-government mandate that research be made widely available, little is known about what research journalists share with the public. This cross-sectional exploratory study characterises US-government-funded research on cancer that appeared most frequently in news coverage and how that coverage varied by cancer type, disease incidence and mortality rates. The subject of analysis was 11436 research articles (published in 2016) on cancer funded by the US government and 642 news stories mentioning at least one of these articles. Based on Altmetric data, researchers identified articles via PubMed and characterised each based on the news media attention received online. Only 1.88% (n = 213) of research articles mentioning US government-funded cancer research included at least one mention in an online news publication. This is in contrast to previous research that found 16.8% (n = 1925) of articles received mention by online mass media publications. Of the 13 most common cancers in the US, 12 were the subject of at least one news mention; only urinary and bladder cancer received no mention. Traditional news sources included significantly more mentions of research on common cancers than digital native news sources. However, a general discrepancy exists between cancers prominent in news sources and those with the highest mortality rate. For instance, lung cancer accounted for the most deaths annually, while melanoma led to 56% less annual deaths; however, journalists cited research regarding these cancers nearly equally. Additionally, breast cancer received the greatest coverage per estimated annual death, while pancreatic cancer received the least coverage per death. Findings demonstrated a continued misalignment between prevalent cancers and cancers mentioned in online news media. Additionally, cancer control and prevention received less coverage from journalists than other cancer continuum stages, highlighting a continued underrepresentation of prevention-focused research. Results revealed a need for further scholarship regarding the role of journalists in research dissemination.