bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ombres et lumières croisées : l’appropriation prométhéenne de la lumière dans les peintures de Wright of Derby (1734-97) et John Martin (1789-1854)
Authors: Adrien Muriel
Published: September 2015

In the very disparate paintings of John Martin (1789-1854) and Wright of Derby (1734-97), whether it be the scenes of scientific experimentation, the forges, the engineering projects, the candlelight paintings, the Italian paintings or the landscapes, what seems to link them is a strong attention to light effects. Wright of Derby’s first night pieces are often suggestive of the stock forms of religious iconography. However, these paintings continuously glorify human labour and effort and the new control of technical and scientific progress. Religious allusions seem hijacked so to say as if to underline the secularization of light and the increased prestige of man who is initiated with the mysteries of the universe and seeks to take control.In the same spirit, the later Italian paintings do not hesitate to outperform the drama of night light, by magnifying or exaggerating the pictorial scenography of the night performances, undoubtedly influenced by the contemporary staging devices which exploit new knowledge in light, mainly the diorama, the transparencies, and soon enough the eidophusikon. In a similar promethean vein, the mythological connotations of Wright’s Italian paintings also tend to extol mankind, in that the viewers can easily identify with the mythological deities associated with the depicted light shows. In so doing, viewers of these paintings can take on the metaphorical attributes of light, traditionally reserved for sacredness and the Christian God. Beneath the terrestrial, and even telluric topoï that flatter human hubris, the privileged place of pictorial representations is the pandemonium, domain of Lucifer, the light-carrying angel but also the ruler of the kingdom of shades. Technical appropriation of light thus converges with benighted reflexes (let alone black arts) in the chosen pictures, giving way to metapictorial comments on shadow as both artistic and scientific inspiration.
Thick as Trees: Kinship and Place in Transatlantic Small Press Poetry Networks
Authors: Hair Ross
Published: September 2015

Cet article examine le rôle que jouent les maisons d’édition de poésie dans le travail et la réception de plusieurs poètes américains, écossais et britanniques : Lorine Niedecker, Ian Hamilton Finlay, Roy Fisher et Stuart Mills. Malgré la distance géographique qui sépare ces auteurs, ceux-ci partagent néanmoins les espaces sociaux et utopiques des publications et des petites revues dans lesquelles ils ont été publiés ou édités. L’exemple paradigmatique de la maison d’édition Jargon Society de Jonathan Williams illustre ces liens littéraires qui esquissent la constitution d’un canon ou d’une tradition. L’objectif de cet article est de démontrer comment les réseaux de petites maisons d’édition dans les années 1960 et 1970 ont non seulement fourni des plateformes essentielles pour la diffusion et le partage des œuvres poétiques, mais ont aussi offert les moyens de formuler une critique de la condition géographique en façonnant une “société” transatlantique socialement plus inclusive pour poètes, artistes et éditeurs.
Some Unexpected Exchanges in the Construction of American Identity: Henry Louis Mencken and the Australian Contribution
Authors: Przewozny-Desriaux Anne
Published: September 2015

Cet article se propose d’analyser un épisode commun à l’histoire linguistique de l’Australie et des Etats-Unis d’Amérique. Dans la première moitié du vingtième siècle, les deux nations s’attachèrent à affirmer leurs identités linguistiques comme deux communautés anglophones en compétition avec la Grande-Bretagne et la norme linguistique britannique. Ces efforts furent portés notamment par deux défenseurs opiniâtres de l’identité linguistique de l’Australie et de l’Amérique, respectivement Sidney John Baker et Henry Louis Mencken (ainsi que par deux des disciples de ce dernier, David W. Maurer et Hugh Morrison). Notre article porte sur les contextes australien et américain de cette quête parallèle et parfois commune, au travers de la correspondance entre ces deux célèbres lexicologues.
The Role of the West in the Construction of American Identity: From Frontier to Crossroads
Authors: Massip Nathalie
Published: September 2015

L’Ouest américain est souvent présenté comme ayant un statut à part dans la construction de l’identité américaine. Ecrivant à la fin du dix-neuvième siècle, le père fondateur de l’histoire de l’Ouest, Frederick Jackson Turner, considère que la singularité du caractère américain résulte de l’expérience de la Frontière. C’est en participant au peuplement de l’Ouest, au contact de la Frontière, loin de l’Est et de l’Europe, que l’Américain se serait construit. Cette "exception américaine" ("exceptionalism") est mise à mal par les générations suivantes d’historiens. Les études de la deuxième moitié du vingtième siècle insistent, notamment, sur la diversité du peuplement et de la population de l’Ouest, nourris de vagues successives d’immigration. La conception de l’Ouest en tant que région marque alors le passage à une histoire régionale, loin de la vision turnérienne, qui assimilait l’histoire de la nation à celle de l’Ouest. Plus récemment, les spécialistes du domaine ont cherché à replacer l’Ouest dans un contexte international, en le présentant comme un carrefour où se sont croisés des peuples venus non seulement de l’Est, mais aussi du Sud, du Nord, et de l’Ouest. Véritable point de rencontre de nations et d’empires dès l’époque coloniale, région aux frontières internationales, l’Ouest semble se nourrir, aujourd’hui encore, de ces relations, contacts et interactions entre les peuples.
Lieu partagé, jeu magnifié : protocole spectaculaire à la pré-Renaissance anglaise
Authors: Lascombes André
Published: September 2015

This essay argues that certain key factors lie behind the successful rapport that existed between late XVth and early XVIth interludes and their socially mixed audiences. The first is the capacity of the play area to elicit in the audience a sense of simultaneous participation in the world of the play, and that of their social environment. Besides the various techniques of linguistic exchange, factors such as acting style and the frequent use of doubling and masking further served to reinforce a type of audience reception based on what one may term «diaphoric vision». Such authentic illusio is much richer and more pleasurable than «reality-based illusion» achieved through the realistic codes increasingly in use today.
The Polyphonic Structure of John Lyly’s Plays
Authors: Guinle Francis
Published: September 2015

Les pièces de John Lyly sont particulièrement intéressantes du point de vue musical, non seulement parce qu’elles comportent de nombreuses chansons, ce qui se comprend aisément puisqu’elles sont écrites pour une troupe formée des enfants de deux chapelles, mais aussi parce que l’on peut y discerner une polyphonie vocale constituée par les voix des différents groupes de personnages. Tous les procédés de la composition musicale de l’époque s’y retrouvent : imitation, division, fausse relation, jeu entre consonances et dissonances. Au-delà de l’expression musicale audible dans les chansons et les instruments, qui répond toujours à une nécessité dramatique, la musique est un élément essentiel dans la structure même de ces comédies de cour.
Noye’s Fludde: Benjamin Britten’s. Interpretation of the Chester Play
Authors: Happé Peter
Published: September 2015

Dans les années cinquante, Benjamin Britten se proposa d’adapter le la pièce du cycle médiéval de Chester, Noah’s Flood. Cet article se propose d’analyser les modalités de cette transposition musicale, et notamment l’attention minutieuse que Britten prêta au texte originel, qu’il voulait respecter à la lettre. La comparaison avec les sources permet de mettre en lumière la manière dont Britten choisit de développer certains éléments dans son adaptation musicale, tout en préservant soigneusement la ligne dramatique propre au texte originel. Nous reviendrons tout particulièrement sur les trois hymnes ajoutés par Britten, suggérant que les modifications visent à adapter le propos au public de son temps, mais aussi à élargir ce public en l’ouvrant aux enfants.
Kensington ou Tintin au pays des Runologues
Authors: Bord Christophe
Published: September 2015

The following pages present a survey of the century-old, fairly heated debate over the most famous runic forgery of all time known as the Kensington inscription, from the name of the place where it was found at the very end of the nineteenth century by a Swedish farmer in the “Scandinavian” state of Minnesota.Although crushing new evidence speaking against the authenticity of the monument surfaced a few years ago, a group of unwavering believers are still championing the cause of what they see as irrefutable proof of Scandinavian presence in the heart of the New World a century ahead of Columbus. We also suggest some of the (subconscious) causes of their “faith”.
Des monstres ordinaires
Authors: Mathieu Lilian
Published: September 2015

L’article retrace le processus de construction du client en potentiel objet de politique publique, en l’occurrence de politique pénale. Ce processus résulte d’une problématisation portée par une coalition entre les anciennes associations abolitionnistes et des fractions du féminisme centrées sur les enjeux de violence sexiste. Il s’est également appuyé sur un discours expert dépeignant le recours à la prostitution à la fois comme un élément ordinaire de la sexualité masculine et comme l’expression exacerbée d’une brutale libido dominandi. Il a enfin bénéficié de la légitimation internationale apportée par la promotion de la politique suédoise de pénalisation des clients et de l’audience favorable d’un nouveau féminisme d’État.
Violence symbolique et résistances populaires
Authors: Palheta Ugo
Published: September 2015

Cet article fait retour sur le concept de « violence symbolique » tel qu’il a été développé par Pierre Bourdieu, notamment dans l’étude des systèmes d’enseignement mais plus largement pour apporter une réponse à l’énigme de la perpétuation des rapports de domination. Après avoir resitué la place de ce concept dans le paradigme de la reproduction, nous revenons sur les débats théoriques qu’il ouvre pour les sciences sociales (et en particulier pour les sciences de l’éducation), notamment à partir des travaux de Paul Willis mais aussi de Claude Grignon et Jean-Claude Passeron. Puis, à partir d’une recherche sur les publics de l’enseignement professionnel, nous tentons de préciser non seulement les conditions dans lesquelles on peut faire de ce concept un usage à la fois profitable et rigoureux en sciences de l’éducation, tout en en soulignant aussi les inévitables angles morts et points de tension, qui amènent à repenser le rapport qu’entretiennent avec la domination scolaire les jeunes orientés (ou s’orientant) vers ces filières.
La « théorie des nouvelles professions », une ressource heuristique pour penser la professionnalisation
Authors: Lescure Emmanuel de
Published: September 2015

Se centrant sur le cas des métiers de la formation, cet article veut montrer que, même si son retentissement est bien moindre que celui d’autres travaux (notamment sur l’école), un des éléments théoriques développés par Bourdieu constitue encore aujourd’hui une source heuristique pour penser la dynamique des groupes professionnels et les processus de professionnalisation. Pour ce faire, il se propose de considérer un point développé dans La distinction (1979) autour de la notion de « petite bourgeoisie nouvelle ». Mobilisant les résultats d’une analyse secondaire des données de l’enquête Emploi de l’INSEE, il examine le recrutement social des agents de la formation et le processus de segmentation du groupe professionnel des années 1980 à 2000 pour tester l’actualité de ce qui a été nommé a posteriori la « théorie des nouvelles professions ».
Utiliser les théories de Bourdieu sur l’École
Authors: Garcia Alain
Published: September 2015

Connus et reconnus dans les années 1960, les travaux de Pierre Bourdieu et Jean-Claude Passeron ont constitué la sociologie critique. Après la parution des Héritiers et de la Reproduction, les théories bourdieusiennes ont été appliquées à d’autres travaux sur l’École et sur la culture, forts de leur assise épistémologique. Dans cet article, nous proposons d’évaluer l’héritage laissé aux jeunes chercheurs en éducation. Inscrites dans une perspective sociologique ou pluridisciplinaire, plusieurs recherches sur l’apprentissage montrent la force du paradigme bourdieusien, mais aussi le caractère opératoire de ses outils et la possibilité de les adapter (ou de les critiquer). Dans le travail de Vincent Berry, de Marie-Pierre Chopin, d’Alain Coulon, de Christophe Delay, d’Alain Garcia, de Didier Perrier, d’Ugo Palheta, de Philippe Perrenoud et de Bernard Sarrazy, nous constatons la prééminence du concept d’habitus et l’importance accordée à la pratique
L’école et la figure de l’altérité : Peut-on penser et enseigner la diversité dans notre école ?
Authors: Delory-Momberger Christine , Mabilon-Bonfils Béatrice
Published: September 2015

Avec la trans-modernité liquide, l’École, institution de la modernité, oscille entre pluralisation des normes et affermissement des discours et modes d’emprise. L’École en tant qu’« institution imaginaire de la société» est affectée par un changement de paradigme sociétal qui en questionne le sens : dans notre imaginaire collectif, la question ethnique, très peu pensée dans le cadre français, fait aujourd’hui effraction. La question de la diversité est la pierre d’achoppement du système éducatif français. A l’École, l’Autre doit devenir le Même. Défi pédagogique, la diversité ou la pluralité culturelle représente pour chaque « apprenant » un défi biographique, défi qui ne peut être soutenu que dans un cadre collectif et qui a des implications directement politiques. En quoi l’école en tant qu’institution et vectrice de savoirs est-elle outil de domination ou d’émancipation individuelle et collective ?

With the liquid trans-modernity, the school, institution of modernity, oscillates between pluralization standards and strengthening of discourse and sway modes. The school as an "imaginary institution of society" is affected by societal paradigm that challenges its senses: in our collective imagination, the ethnic issue, that is very few thought in the French context, is breaking today . The issue of diversity is the stumbling block of the French education system. At school, the Other must become the Same. Pedagogical challenge, diversity and cultural plurality is for each "learning" a biographical challenge. This challenge can not be argued unless in a collective framework, which has direct political implications. Is the school as an institution and a vector of knowledge a tool of domination or individual and collective emancipation?
L’Éducation nouvelle et l’idée de liberté : approche trialectique
Authors: Osmont Emilie
Published: September 2015

À partir d’un modèle de pensée ancré dans la logique trialectique, cet article se propose d’étudier les conditions d’existence du rapport entre la liberté et l’éducation dès lors que l’humanisme de la Renaissance les a défini comme consubstantielles. Plus précisément, en nous référant au paradigme de la complexité, que l’on enrichi ici des apports de la logique trialectique, nous étudions la relation liberté/éducation en la repositionnant dans un réseau complexe d’influences pour tenter de mettre en exergue les concepts tiers qui l’ont successivement gouvernée. S’il est admis que l’Éducation nouvelle n’est, in fine, pas si « nouvelle » que cela, travailler la question de la liberté – figure de proue de ce mouvement – présente l’intérêt de montrer, qu’en effet, l’idée de liberté portée par ce mouvement est le produit d’influences antérieures, tout en étant, également, une renégociation complexe de cet héritage par le biais de l’émergence d’un nouveau concept médiateur qui redéfinit les possibilités même de la relation entre la liberté et l’éducation.
Renaissances proustiennes
Authors: Compagnon Antoine
Published: September 2015

Quels sont les lieux principaux du renouveau des études proustiennes en ce début du xxie siècle ? L’approche historique ou contextuelle de l’œuvre, au sens large de l’histoire culturelle qui s’est beaucoup développée dans les études sur les littératures et les arts des xixe et xxe siècles, a permis de faire se rejoindre les méthodes de la génétique et d’une intertextualité désormais élargie à l’ensemble de la culture contemporaine de Proust. Le roman en est le lieu d’une mémoire intégrale. Un second domaine dans lequel les recherches proustiennes ont été très riches durant la période récente a été celui de la philosophie morale, à la suite du « tournant éthique » des études littéraires au cours des années 1990. On étudie une page de la Recherche qui, en établissant une analogie entre le commérage, révélateur du fonctionnement des relations entre les hommes, et l’archéologie, constitue un encouragement à croiser éthique et histoire culturelle dans l’approche de l’œuvre.
Optimal Resource Provisioning in Federated-Cloud Environments
Authors: Goswami Veena , Sahoo Choudhury N.
Published: September 2015

Cloud computing has emerged as a new paradigm for accessing distributed computing resources such as infrastructure, hardware platform, and software applications on-demand over the internet as services. Multiple Clouds can collaborate in order to integrate different service-models or service providers for end-to-end-requirements. Intercloud Federation and Service delegation models are part of Multi-Cloud environment where the broader target is to achieve infinite pool of resources. This chapter presents an optimal resource management framework for Federated-cloud environments. Each service model caters to specific type of requirements and there are already number of players with own customized products/services offered. They propose an analytical queueing network model to improve the efficiency of the system. Numerical results indicate that the proposed provisioning technique detects changes in arrival pattern, resource demands that occur over time and allocates multiple virtualized IT resources accordingly to achieve application QoS targets.
Fairness-Aware Task Allocation for Heterogeneous Multi-Cloud Systems
Authors: Panda Sanjaya Kumar , Pradhan Roshni , Neha Benazir , Sathua Sujaya Kumar
Published: September 2015

Cloud computing is rapidly growing for its on-demand services over the Internet. The customers can use these services by placing the requirements in the form of leases. In IaaS cloud, the customer submits the leases in one of the form, namely advance reservation (AR) and best effort (BE). The AR lease has higher priority over the BE lease. Hence, it can preempt the BE lease. It results in starvation among the BE leases and is unfair to the BE leases. In this chapter, the authors present fairness-aware task allocation (FATA) algorithm for heterogeneous multi-cloud systems, which aims to provide fairness among AR and BE leases. We have performed rigorous experiments on some benchmark and synthetic datasets. The performance is measured in terms of two metrics, namely makespan and average cloud utilization. The experimental result shows the superiority of the proposed algorithm over the existing algorithm.
An Approach on Cloud Disk Searching Using Parallel Channels
Authors: Sarkar Saswati , Kundu Anirban
Published: September 2015

In this chapter, Cloud disk searching technique is going to be proposed. Cloud based searching mechanism shows the utility of indexing, balancing, and data storage in cloud. The Chapter exhibits complexity of cloud based searching algorithms in real-time scenario. The proposed cloud based disk searching technique using parallel channels is searching data in less time consumption.Comparison graphs have been demonstrated for time difference realization in cloud. Parallel concepts have been introduced to facilitate searching the cloud. Sequential and several parallel situations have been compared using time graphsLoad balance monitoring, data searching and data accessing in less time have been introduced in this chapter.
Data Intensive Cloud Computing
Authors: Jayalakshmi D. S.  , Srinivasan R. , Srinivasa K. G.
Published: September 2015

Processing Big Data is a huge challenge for today's technology. There is a need to find, apply and analyze new ways of computing to make use of the Big Data so as to derive business and scientific value from it. Cloud computing with its promise of seemingly infinite computing resources is seen as the solution to this problem. Data Intensive computing on cloud builds upon the already mature parallel and distributed computing technologies such HPC, grid and cluster computing. However, handling Big Data in the cloud presents its own challenges. In this chapter, we analyze issues specific to data intensive cloud computing and provides a study on available solutions in programming models, data distribution and replication, resource provisioning and scheduling with reference to data intensive applications in cloud. Future directions for further research enabling data intensive cloud applications in cloud environment are identified.
Abstraction in Motion
Authors: Ghetti Cristina , Mazza Emanuele
Published: September 2015

Folding Pattern is an art project developed by the team of artists, Cristina Ghetti and Emanuele Mazza. The work starts from the idea of proposing a revision of the foundations of perceptual abstraction, that had in it's derivations, one of the art movements more connected with the use of new technologies and one of the art tendencies with more powerful and interesting arguments. We are interested in exploring the developments of abstraction in the digital era, incorporating new media tools, and analyzing how contemporary art is developing the ideas of modernist abstraction introducing the utilization of new technologies, in a context where the influence of science, and of new ways of producing and exhibiting the art works, changes completely the art world.
Preparing Students to Engage the Arts in the 21st Century
Authors: Morris Jeffrey M.
Published: September 2015

The Department of Performance Studies at Texas A&M University is building a culture of innovation through strategic facility development, a focus on students sharing work through public performance, and interdisciplinary collaboration. The department has embraced the celebrated strengths of our university in STEM fields (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) by developing interdisciplinary experiences and inspiring facilities (through technology and curriculum grants). These experiences contribute to the university at large by demonstrating how technology can connect with the human element and how technology impacts human expression. Students benefit by joining faculty in exploring the new and also rediscovering the traditional.
Design for Consciousness in the Wild
Authors: Torsi Silvia
Published: September 2015

In this chapter we want to describe consciousness as a metabolic process having place through the apprehension with the world. Consciousness is not an isolated entity; it is instead growing up and reproducing itself by relating with the world. In this frame higher psychological processes, cognition levered by cultural elements, take place. Cognition itself has its bases on the cultural milieu, and it is related with consciousness being one of the possible expressions of it. Therefore in this paper we decline some possible dimension on how consciousness, through cognition, but also through emotions, reflexivity, relationships, expression, takes place and allows the individual cogently participate through the world. Mobility is a novel chance for the individual to take chance of the context to reverberate its consciousness. The physical space is populated with sense, which is gathered, manipulated and reinvented during its interpretation. Here is proposed a provisional list on how sense imbricates places and some possible ways of making use of it for design purposes can be argued. Memory, emotions, reflexivity, sociality, and bewildering therefore from reverberations of consciousness, become qualities that can be explored in the physical space from HCI. We will explain with examples how mobile and GPS technologies represent a new frontier for the sharing of culture and for leaving traces that, according to the statements of cultural-historical psychology, form the starting point for individual's life of mind.
Project Initiation for Telemedicine Services
Authors: Lerouge Cynthia M. , Tulu Bengisu , Wood Suzanne
Published: September 2015

This study investigates project initiation for telemedicine, a technology innovation in healthcare organizations that manifests both intra- and inter-organizational collaboration. Moving from a telemedicine project to a sustainable telemedicine service line can be a challenge for many organizations (LeRouge, Tulu, & Forducey, 2010). Project definition (a.k.a., initiation) sets the strategic vision for a project and has been categorized as the most important stage in a project (C. Gray & Larson, 2008) and a key element for project success (Stah-Le Cardinal & Marle, 2006). Although project management best practices have been applied in many domains, there are few studies that link published best practices to the telemedicine domain. This study first presents a model, resulting from a review of project management literature that specifies the recommended components project definition. Using this model as a foundation, the authors explore how project definition is deployed in the telemedicine domain, using the instantiation of telestroke projects for this study. The authors base their findings on a multi-case qualitative data set, with each case representing a distinct telemedicine business model. Findings from this study explicate how the telestroke project initiation process is collaboratively managed and how this process impacts the overall success of the telemedicine programs through the lens of the five distinct telemedicine business models. Specifically, this study contributes insights on key elements of project initiation in the telemedicine context as well as the effects of the varying business models (focusing on commonalities and differences).
The Role of Perceived Usefulness and Attitude on Electronic Health Record Acceptance
Authors: Gajanayake Randike , Sahama Tony , Iannella Renato
Published: September 2015

Information and communications technologies are a significant component of the healthcare domain, and electronic health records play a major role in it. Therefore, it is important that they are accepted en masse by healthcare professionals. How healthcare professionals perceive the usefulness of electronic health records and their attitudes towards them have been shown to have significant effects on the overall acceptance in many healthcare systems around the world. This paper investigates the role of perceived usefulness and attitude on the intention to use electronic health records by future healthcare professionals using polynomial regression with response surface analysis. Results show that the relationships between these variables are more complex than predicted in prior research. The paper concludes that the properties of the above determinants must be further investigated to clearly understand: (i) their role in predicting the intention to use electronic health records; and (ii) in designing systems that are better adopted by healthcare professionals of the future.
The Impact of the Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) on Hospital Pathology Services
Authors: Georgiou Andrew
Published: September 2015

This chapter reviews what is currently known about the effect of the Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) on aspects of laboratory test ordering, their impact on laboratory efficiency, and the contribution this makes to the quality of patient care. The EMR can be defined as a functioning electronic database within a given organisation that contains patient information. Although laboratory services are expected to gain from the introduction of the EMRs, the evidence to date has highlighted many challenges associated with the implementation of EMRs, including their potential to cause major shifts in responsibilities, work processes, and practices. The chapter outlines an organisational communication framework that has been derived from empirical evidence. This framework considers the interplay between communication, temporal, and organisational factors, as a way to help health information technology designers, clinicians, and hospital and laboratory professionals meet the important challenges associated with EMR design, implementation, and sustainability.
The Importance of Information and Communication Technologies in Establishing Healthcare Services with a Universal Coverage
Authors: Günaydin Davuthan , Cavlak Hakan , Şeren GamzeYıldız , Arun Korhan
Published: September 2015

One of the most important challenges faced by the healthcare system is the organization of healthcare services to cope with the increase in population and aging of citizens. Especially in developing countries, demographic movements of the population, regional disparities, political concerns, and increasing expectations of health services have led to a search for new ways to serve all of the population with healthcare services. With traditional methods, it is not possible to increase the supply of health services because of inadequate infrastructure and shortcomings in quantity and quality of healthcare staff. This new health system called e-health and uses all of the possibilities provided by information and communication technologies that aim to improve public health. In this chapter, the effects of e-health practices on the quality and accessibility of healthcare services are assessed and the extent of e-health practices in Turkey are evaluated.
Lean Six Sigma in Healthcare
Authors: Aboelmaged Mohamed Gamal
Published: September 2015

The chapter clarifies emerging aspects and trends of Lean Six Sigma (LSS) in healthcare through the systematic examination of 162 peer-reviewed articles in business, management, and healthcare disciplines that have been published over a ten-year period from 2004 to January 2014. Every article is analyzed using a scheme of six distinct dimensions including year of publication, journal, applications areas, tools and techniques, benefits and improvements, and research type. The chapter provides significant insights into the state of the art of LSS in healthcare research and clarifies confusion in the literature as to what constitutes LSS role in improving healthcare context.
Telemedically Augmented Palliative Care
Authors: Nemecek Romina , Huber Patrick , Schur Sophie , Masel Eva , Porkert Stefanie , Hofer Barbara , Watzke Herbert , Zielinski Christoph , Binder Michael
Published: September 2015

Patients with advanced cancer have a substantial symptom burden, which deteriorates their quality of life. Palliative care improves well-being of patients and their family caregivers. Within the scope of a controlled pilot study, a user-friendly telepresence system is developed, which enables patients and family caregivers to send a direct request to a palliative care team. Additionally, a specially tailored database is developed, which contains up to date patient information. Twenty patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer are consecutively assigned in a control and an intervention group. The intervention group receives the telemedically augmented care, whereas the control group receives standard care. The primary goal of this chapter is to determine the usability and feasibility; the secondary goal is the assessment of the intervention's impact on quality of life and the number of unscheduled hospital admissions. To sum up, telemedically supported ambulatory palliative care may synergistically help to improve safety and quality of life.
The Mobile is Part of a Whole
Authors: Manda Tiwonge Davis , Sanner Terje Aksel
Published: September 2015

A challenge with mHealth in developing countries is that implementations are frequently treated as standalone solutions. Implementations fail because they are not sufficiently aligned with existing health information infrastructures (II). An interesting tool for evaluating implementation efforts in the context of the overall health II strategy, and thus potentially useful for identifying and mitigating risks, is the Bootstrap strategy. Bootstrapping is concerned with addressing take-off challenges facing novel solution implementations through incremental progression, resource maximization, mutual learning, and complexity mitigation. Although the strategy has been previously employed in retrospect to explain how implementation take-off challenges can be alleviated, less is known about its effectiveness as a tool for real time implementation risk assessment. Drawing on an action research mHealth project in Malawi, the study confirms bootstrapping as an effective tool for risk assessment, although the case also reveals that it may not always be easy to mitigate risks identified.
Anomaly Detection in Medical Wireless Sensor Networks using SVM and Linear Regression Models
Authors: Salem Osman , Guerassimov Alexey , Mehaoua Ahmed , Marcus Anthony , Furht Borko
Published: September 2015

This paper details the architecture and describes the preliminary experimentation with the proposed framework for anomaly detection in medical wireless body area networks for ubiquitous patient and healthcare monitoring. The architecture integrates novel data mining and machine learning algorithms with modern sensor fusion techniques. Knowing wireless sensor networks are prone to failures resulting from their limitations (i.e. limited energy resources and computational power), using this framework, the authors can distinguish between irregular variations in the physiological parameters of the monitored patient and faulty sensor data, to ensure reliable operations and real time global monitoring from smart devices. Sensor nodes are used to measure characteristics of the patient and the sensed data is stored on the local processing unit. Authorized users may access this patient data remotely as long as they maintain connectivity with their application enabled smart device. Anomalous or faulty measurement data resulting from damaged sensor nodes or caused by malicious external parties may lead to misdiagnosis or even death for patients. The authors' application uses a Support Vector Machine to classify abnormal instances in the incoming sensor data. If found, the authors apply a periodically rebuilt, regressive prediction model to the abnormal instance and determine if the patient is entering a critical state or if a sensor is reporting faulty readings. Using real patient data in our experiments, the results validate the robustness of our proposed framework. The authors further discuss the experimental analysis with the proposed approach which shows that it is quickly able to identify sensor anomalies and compared with several other algorithms, it maintains a higher true positive and lower false negative rate.
Cloud-Based Monitoring for Patients with Dementia
Authors: Moore Philip , Xhafa Fatos , Sharma Mak
Published: September 2015

Demographic changes are resulting in a rapidly growing elderly population with healthcare implications which importantly include dementia, which is a condition that requires long-term support and care to manage the negative behavioural symptoms. In order to optimise the management of healthcare professionals and provide an enhanced quality of life for patients and carers alike, Remote Electronic Health Monitoring forms a crucial role. This requires myriad functions and components to achieve patient monitoring while accommodating the technological, medical, legal, regulatory, ethical, and privacy considerations. The chapter considers the relevant components and functions of the current state-of-the-art to the provision of effective Remote Electronic Health Monitoring. The authors present the background and related research, and then they focus on the technological aspects of Remote Electronic Health Monitoring to which Cloud-Based Systems and the closely related Cloud Service Modules are central. A number of scenarios to illustrate the concepts are discussed in the chapter.
Services and Monitors for Dependability Assessment of Mobile Health Monitoring Systems
Authors: Testa Alessandro , Coronato Antonio , Cinque Marcello , De Pietro Giuseppe
Published: September 2015

The problem of failure detection in mHealth monitoring systems is becoming more critical, and the use of wireless technologies and commodity hardware/software platforms pose new challenges to their correct functioning. Remote and continuous monitoring of patients' vital signs aims to improve the quality of life of patients. Such applications, however, are particularly critical from the point of view of dependability. Wireless channels can be affected by packet loss, and cheap and wireless-enabled medical devices can exhibit wrong readings, inducing the medical staff to make wrong decisions. In this chapter, the authors present the results of a Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) conducted to identify the dependability threats of health monitoring systems and a set of services and monitors for the assurance of high degrees of dependability to mobile health monitoring systems. Moreover, the authors describe a case study realized to detect failures at runtime.
Medical Data Analytics in the Cloud Using Homomorphic Encryption
Authors: Kocabaş Övünç , Soyata Tolga
Published: September 2015

Transitioning US healthcare into the digital era is necessary to reduce operational costs at Healthcare Organizations (HCO) and provide better diagnostic tools for healthcare professionals by making digital patient data available in a timely fashion. Such a transition requires that the Personal Health Information (PHI) is protected in three different phases of the manipulation of digital patient data: 1) Acquisition, 2) Storage, and 3) Computation. While being able to perform analytics or using such PHI for long-term health monitoring can have significant positive impacts on the quality of healthcare, securing PHI in each one of these phases presents unique challenges in each phase. While established encryption techniques, such as Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), can secure PHI in Phases 1 (acquisition) and 2 (storage), they can only assure secure storage. Assuring the data privacy in Phase 3 (computation) is much more challenging, since there exists no method to perform computations, such as analytics and long-term health monitoring, on encrypted data efficiently. In this chapter, the authors study one emerging encryption technique, called Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE), as a candidate to perform secure analytics and monitoring on PHI in Phase 3. While FHE is in its developing stages and a mainstream application of it to general healthcare applications may take years to be established, the authors conduct a feasibility study of its application to long-term patient monitoring via cloud-based ECG data acquisition through existing ECG acquisition devices.
Using Virtual Environments to Achieve Learner Outcomes in Interprofessional Healthcare Education
Authors: Aebersold Michelle , Tschannen Dana
Published: September 2015

The use of simulation in the training of healthcare professionals has become an essential part of the educational experience. Students and practitioners need to learn a variety of technical, interpersonal, and clinical judgment skills to be effective healthcare practitioners. Virtual simulation can provide an effective training method to facilitate learning and can be targeted to develop specific skills in the area of Interprofessional Education (IPE). This chapter reviews the literature around simulation techniques and outlines a development process that can be used to develop virtual simulations to meet a variety of learning objectives including IPE. Specific issues and solutions are also presented to ensure a successful educational experience.
Using a Smartphone as a Track and Fall Detector
Authors: Ko Chia-Yin , Leu Fang-Yie , Lin I-Tsen
Published: September 2015

This chapter proposes a smartphone-based system for both indoor and outdoor monitoring of people with dementia. The whole system comprises wandering detection, safety-zone monitoring, fall detection, communication services, alert notifications, and emergency medical services. To effectively track the elderly, the proposed system uses a smartphone camera to take real-time pictures along the user's path as he or she moves about. Those photos, accompanied with time and GPS signals, are delivered to and stored on the Cloud system. When necessary, family caregivers can download those data to quickly find a way to help the elderly individual. Additionally, this study uses tri-axial accelerometers to examine falls. To assure individuals' data is safeguarded appropriately, an RSA method has been adopted by the system to encrypt stored data. This reliable and minimally intrusive system provides people with dementia with an opportunity to maintain their social networks and to improve their quality of lives.
Employing Opportunistic Networks in Dementia Patient Monitoring
Authors: Ciobanu Radu-Ioan , Dobre Ciprian
Published: September 2015

By 2050, 135.5 million people will suffer from dementia worldwide. Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) technologies can help dementia patients enjoy an independent life. In particular, communication is vital to any AAL system. Opportunistic networking uses low-cost wearable devices to exchange packets at a close range in cases where there is limited or no infrastructure. In this chapter, the authors propose and describe an autonomous patient monitoring support system based on opportunistic communication. The monitored patient wears non-intrusive sensors, computing devices and actuators, forming a Body Area Network (BAN). The BAN can provide memory impairment support services for the patient and is used to construct personalized condition-monitoring patient models to evaluate against a set of potential life-threatening events. The authors present two data transfer algorithms and show that they are able to offer good hit rates while decreasing congestion and overhead when compared to other existing solutions.
A Case for Enterprise Interoperability in Healthcare IT
Authors: Yuksel Mustafa , Dogac Asuman , Taskin Cebrail , Yalcinkaya Anil
Published: September 2015

The PHR systems need to be integrated with a wide variety of healthcare IT systems including EHRs, electronic medical devices, and clinical decision support services to get their full benefit. It is not possible to sustain the integration of PHRs with other healthcare IT systems in a proprietary way; this integration has to be achieved by exploiting the promising interoperability standards and profiles. This chapter provides a survey and analysis of the interoperability standards and profiles that can be used to integrate PHRs with a variety of healthcare applications and medical data resources, including EHR systems to enable access of a patient to his own medical data generated by healthcare professionals; personal medical devices to obtain the patient's instant physiological status; and the clinical decision support services for patient-physician shared decision making.
A Balanced Perspective to Perioperative Process Management Aligned to Hospital Strategy
Authors: Ryan Jim , Doster Barbara , Daily Sandra , Lewis Carmen
Published: September 2015

Dynamic technological activities of analysis, evaluation, and synthesis can highlight complex relationships within integrated processes to target improvement and ultimately yield improved processes. Likewise, the identification of existing process limitations, potential capabilities, and subsequent contextual understanding are contributing factors that yield measured improvement. Based on a 120-month longitudinal study of an academic medical center, this study investigates how integrated information systems and business analytics can improve perioperative efficiency and effectiveness across patient quality of care, stakeholder satisfaction, clinical operations, and financial cost effectiveness. This case study examines process management practices of balanced scorecard and dashboards to monitor and improve the perioperative process, aligned to overall hospital goals at strategic, tactical, and operational levels. The conclusion includes discussion of study implications and limitations.
Detection of Pre-Analytical Laboratory Testing Errors
Authors: Al-Zahrani Wafa , Sheikh Mohamud
Published: September 2015

A Few years later, after the publication of ‘To Err is Human: building a Safer Health System', patient safety became the major concern of the medical services and for the public. The clinical laboratory is not completely empty of errors, and these errors may affect the patient's health and the health care service. Evidence from studies indicate that a large percentage of laboratory errors occur in the pre-analytical and post-analytical phases. Based on reliable data, laboratories that established ongoing quality monitoring system have low percentage of errors. Most of laboratory errors are attributed to ineffective systems and less attributed to the individual malpractice, thus the laboratory quality improvement programs should focus more on the system in a holistic manner. This chapter aims to explore the critical issues that underpin laboratory errors and in particular the pre-analytical errors and provides some recommendations of ways to overcome such critical domains.
Legal and Ethical Considerations in the Implementation of Electronic Health Records
Authors: Ervin Karen
Published: September 2015

This chapter examines the literature of healthcare in the United States during the transitioning to electronic records. Key government legislation, such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) and the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (HITECH), which were part of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) and the Affordable Health Care Act, are reviewed. The review concentrates on patient privacy issues, how they have been addressed in these acts, and what recommendations for improvement have been found in the literature. A comparison of the adoption of electronic health records on a nationwide scale in three countries is included. England, Australia, and the United States are all embarking in and are at different stages of implementing nationwide electronic health database systems. The resources used in locating relevant literature were PubMed, Medline, Highwire Press, State Library of Pennsylvania, and Google Scholar databases.
Approaches to Evidence-Based Management and Decision-Making in Healthcare Organizations
Authors: Al Saleem Nouf , Sheikh Mohamud
Published: September 2015

Decision-making is an essential process that everyone takes upon at all times. Healthcare managers make decisions to ensure serving high quality of patient care, reduce costs and allocate resources. Evidence based decision making in healthcare has recently received a lot of attention by all health care stakeholders including clinicians, researchers, managers and policy makers. However, it is more adapted by clinicians and researchers than managers and policy makers. Evidence-Based science began to develop in the early 90s and was later named “Evidence Based Medicine” after its methods have been applied in health-related fields. Yet, Evidence Based Management still showing a slow progress in terms of its application in decision-making in practice worldwide. This chapter seeks to examine the key aspects of decision-making in the health care settings. It further seeks to provide key examples of decision-making and ways to seek evidence, types of evidence, and approaches to making evidence-based decisions.