bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KONSUMSI PAKAN AYAM RAS PETELUR FASE LAYER DI UPTD TAMAN TERNAK PASSO
Authors: Sarfan Riri , Papilaya Bercomien Juliet
Published: November 2023

The success of raising poultry, especially laying hens, dipends on three pilars of animal husbandry, they are: seeds, feeds, and management. 60 – 70% of total production costs is feed. Therefore, the feed contant must meet a balanced portion of nutrients. Feed costs are determining factor for the success and failure of livestock raising businesses. The aim of community service activities is to provide skills and insight regarding feed management for laying hens in the layer phase in order to increase their productivity the stages of community service activities are: first, onservation second, implementation of activities for 1 month the benefite of community service activity is the breeders comprehend the correct use of feed for the fulfill meat of nutrients. In order to produce quality production. The result of community service is to determine the frequenly of feeding, 2 times a day with a amount of 120 grams per head per day in battery cages.
PENGELOLAAN AGROFORESTRI TRADISIONAL “DUSUNG” SEBAGAI SOLUSI PENINGKATAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT DI NEGERI WAAI KECAMATAN SALAHUTU
Authors: Sahureka Mersiana , Wattimena Cornelia M. A. , Latupapua Lesly
Published: November 2023

Agroforestry is a form of land use carried out by the community, namely a combination pattern of agricultural crops, plantations and forestry. Currently, agroforestry management practices have been widely implemented and provide many benefits both economically, ecologically and culturally. Waai Country, which is located in the Salahutu sub-district, Central Maluku Regency, generally has residents who earn their living as farmers and fishermen. People in Waai country still apply traditional agroforestry management patterns, namely dusung, which is a form of local wisdom in Maluku that is still maintained from generation to generation. The partners' priority problems are decreasing land productivity which directly affects land yields, lack of public interest, especially generations, in farming, and not enriching the types of forestry plants in the hamlets. The solution offered to partners is the realization and stages of activities carrying out extension activities, training activities and planting 100 MPTs (Multi Purpose Tree Species) plant saplings in the village, which will provide various results for the sustainability of the ecosystem and community economy.
EVALUASI PENENTUAN PEMENANG LELANG DENGAN METODE SISTEM NILAI UNTUK PENAWARAN KONTRAKTOR PADA PROYEK PEMBANGUNAN JEMBATAN WAIRUHU HATIVE KECIL
Authors: Yunitasari Dian Resti , Buyang Christy Gery , Taihuttu Felix
Published: November 2023

Dalam penentuan pemenang lelang sering terjadi yang mana terdapat budaya suap menyuap, proses pelelangan proyek pada penawaran Proyek Pembangunan Jembatan Wairuhu Hative Kecil Kota Ambon pihak pokja Kota Ambon menggunakan evaluasi sistem gugur, yang dimana penggunaan sering menghasilkan konstruksi yang kurang baik karena proses evaluasinya belum jelas dan rinci sehingga dapat menimbulkan perselisihan, pelaksanaan pembangunan tidak sesuai dengan rencana, kualitas konstruksi menjadi rendah, waktu penyelesaian proyek sering terlambat. Penelitian pada proyek jembatan Waihuru bertujuan untuk mendapatkan urutan calon pemenang penyedia barang/jasa (kontraktor) dengan sistem nilai dengan variasi bobot evaluasi teknis dan evaluasi biaya. Adapun beberapa perusahaan yang mengikuti penawaran tender yaitu diantaranya PT. Waagner Biro Indonesia, CV. Amanah konstruksi, CV Rachmanda Pratama, CV. Manawoko, CV. Dwi Tunggal Abadi, PT. Meranti Jaya Permai, CV. Mampu Membangun, PT. Rajawali Mitra Bersama, PT. Azriel Perkasa, PT. Cahaya Sakti Utama Jaya, PT. Lounusa Karya Mandiri, PT. Algira Utama Karya, CV. Graventia, PT. Lionel Bina Mandiri. Dari banyaknya perusahaan yang mengikuti penawaran tender pada proyek pembangunan jembatan Wairuhu hanya terdapat tiga perusahaan diantaranya PT. Azriel Perkasa, PT. Cahaya Sakti Utama Jaya, dan PT. Meranti Jaya Permai  yang memenuhi syarat dan kriteria. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui jumlah bobot evaluasi pada penawaran tender tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi kualitatif dengan melakukan pengambilan data dan wawancara dilanjutkan dengan metode analisis. Hasil dari penggunaan metode tersebut mendapatkan tiga nilai yang digunakan yaitu,  presentase evaluasi teknis 70% dan evaluasi biaya 30% mendapat nilai 39.076, evaluasi teknis 80% dan evaluasi biaya 20% mendapat nilai 44.207, dan evaluasi teknis 60% dan evaluasi biaya 40% mendapat nilai 33,945. Penggunaan 3 presentasi evaluasi teknis dan evaluasi nilai tersebut adalah untuk memperjelas ranking urutan calon pemenang tender, dan hasilnya yaitu sehingga PT. Azriel Perkasa ditetapkan menjadi pemenang dalam penawaran ini.
Application of the discrete element method for simulation of coal mining by a cutter-loader in a working face
Authors: Starodubov A.N. , Kadochigova A.N. , Kaplun A.V.
Published: November 2023

Timulation modeling as a method of studying complex technological processes is successfully used in mining. Due to the creation of digital models, it is possible to estimate and improve the efficiency of technical and organizational solutions used in difficult mining and geological conditions. The article describes the development of a simulation model of coal extraction by a shearer and its transportation to an armored conveyer. Fragmentation of a high coal seam was simulated under the action of the cutting planes of the shearer. The created model in the Rocky DEM simulation environment takes into account the physical and mechanical properties of materials and 3D structures of mining equipment. The method of discrete elements was used as a mathematical tool for computing fragmentation of the coalbed, which helped to perform the computing without loss of the initial mass and volume of the materials. During the validation of the simulation model, a series of tests were carried out to determine the angle of natural slope of non-spherical coal particles close in granulometric composition to the mass formed during the fragmentation of the coalbed. Based on the test results, an array of values of coal particle adhesion parameters was obtained, which allows conducting simulation studies in conditions of existing and projected coal mines.
Methodological bases for assessing the health of equipment being part of robotic coal mining complexes and predicting its changes during operation
Authors: Gerike P.B. , Klishin V.I. , Gerike B.L.
Published: November 2023

The article discusses the challenges of building predictive assessments of equipment availability that is part of robotic complex for underground coal mining. Gradual failures that make it possible to build degradation models based on functional methods of their health diagnostics using parameters of vibroacoustic signals, temperature fields and working oil have been selected from all the types of possible equipment failures. Limit states of equipment health have been justified for all the considered types of nondestructive testing based on the used diagnostic criteria. Various models of changes in the health of mining equipment being part of the robotic complexes have been analyzed, criteria for assessing the adequacy of the model to the actual values have been justified, and two main estimates of the interval limits, i.e. the confidence interval and the prediction interval, have been determined. Methodologies have been developed for long-term (for the existing system of scheduled maintenance) and short-term (for the system of preventative maintenance) forecasting of changes in the health of equipment being part of robotic complexes for underground coal mining. The proposed factographic models are based on processing and analysis of statistical material obtained by monitoring of diagnostic parameters.
Use of Tempeh in the Instant Tempeh Pudding as Functional Food
Authors: Lestari Alsuci , Novita Rosi , Rachmawati Rachmawati , Erwandi Erwandi
Published: November 2023

Additional food feeding has limitations in terms of processing and variations. However, it can be modified in various forms by utilizing tempeh, a highly functional food ingredient. This study aims to (1) explore the acceptability of instant tempeh pudding based on the parameters of color, taste, aroma, and texture, and (2) analyze the content of the chemical test including water, ash, protein, fat, and carbohydrate content. This research employed an experimental design and a completely randomized design (CRD). Chemical properties were analyzed using the proximate method. Meanwhile, the organoleptic properties were analyzed using the hedonic test. This study employed 30 moderately trained panelists and conducted a statistical analysis using the ANOVA test and Duncan's follow-up test (DMRT). This research was conducted in June 2021 at the Organoleptic Laboratory and Goods Quality Testing and at the Certification Center to analyze chemical properties. The organoleptic test examined the categories of color, taste, aroma, and texture of three pudding treatments with the addition of 80 grams (A1), 100 grams (A2), and 120 grams (A3) of tempeh flour. The chemical test has discovered that the average water content of the pudding from the three treatments is 67.1–69.8, the ash content is 0.63-0.68, the protein is 3.80-4.22, the fat is 0.28-0.47, and the carbohydrates are 24.9-27.7%. The addition of 80 grams, 100 grams, and 120 grams of tempeh flour does not significantly affect the organoleptic properties of the pudding. Finally, the chemical analysis shows that the addition of 80 gr, 100 gr, and 120 grams of tempeh flour significantly affects water and carbohydrate content but does not significantly affect ash, protein, and fat content.
Relationship between Nutritional Intake and Obesity in Children during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Mahjuri Mahjuri , Suryana Suryana , Fajri T Khairul , Al Rahmad Agus Hendra
Published: November 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic has affected school children who are not homeschooled. Moreover, the pandemic has negatively impacted their food intake, sleeping behavior, and physical activities; these impacts lead to obesity. This study aims to (1) describe the children's intake of energy and nutrients (KH, protein, and fat) that cause obesity during the 2021 Covid-19 pandemic, (2) describe the incidence of obesity in children during the 2021 Covid-19 pandemic, and (3) analyze the relationship between food intake and the incidence of obesity in children during the 2021 Covid-19 pandemic. This study employed a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach. The researchers investigated the relationship between energy, carbohydrate, fat, and protein intake and obesity in children. This research was conducted at Raudhatul Mubarakah Islamic Boarding School from 31 August to 6 September 2021. This study has discovered that most of the respondents (78%) have insufficient energy intake, 23 samples (46%) have insufficient carbohydrate intake, 39 samples (78%) have insufficient fat intake, and 20 samples (40%) have sufficient protein intake. Moreover, this study has found that 22 samples (44%) are obese while 28 samples (56%) are not obese. Finally, this study has proven a relationship between protein intake and the incidence of obesity (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, energy, carbohydrate, and fat intakes do not show significant relationships with the incidence of obesity (p > 0.05).
effect of added banana flower on acceptance and chemical properties shredded bamboo shoots
Authors: Sativa Runia , Andriani Andriani , Erwandi Erwandi , Khazanah Wiqayatun
Published: November 2023

One of the foods that are high in fiber other than bamboo (bamboo shoots) is banana flower with a high fiber content which will benefit the elderly by processing it into shreds, as a substitute for crude fiber and also has many benefits for body health. This research is experimental with three treatments and three repetitions with the addition of 20 grams, 30 grams and 40 grams of banana heart. The panelists used in this study were semi-panelists. The research methods: This type of research is experimental with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), specifically 3 treatments and 3 repetitions using the hedonic test. Up to 30 people were trained from students at the Department of Nutrition, Ministry of Health, Aceh. Utilizing ANOVA (Analysis Of Variance) and Duncan's Multiple Test Further Test, data processing and analysis were performed. The addition of 20 g, 30 g and 40 g of banana flower had no significant effect on the color of the shredded bamboo shoots. The addition of 20 g, 30 g and 40 g of banana flower had a significant effect on the taste, aroma and texture of shredded bamboo shoots. The high water content in shredded bamboo shoots is influenced by the process of boiling ingredients such as bamboo shoots and banana buds, to reduce the water content it can be seen through the frying process which then shrinks.
Communication technologies and its relationship with the career change for the Arab families
Authors: Al Azzam Seham
Published: November 2023

The article is devoted to the communication technologies and its relationship to the functional change of the Arab family. A cross-sectional quantitative study design was used, and the study sample consisted of 190 participants who were randomly selected.
ظاهرةُ الحذفِ في أمالي ابن الحاجب: المنهج والرأي دراسة وصفيّة تحليليّة
Authors: د. محمد عطا أحمد أبو فنون
Published: November 2023

يتناول هذا البحثُ ظاهرةَ الحذفِ في أمالي ابن الحاجب للتّعرف على منهجه ورأيه فيها، كون كتاب الأمالي يختلفُ في تناوله هذه الظاهرة عن الكتب المؤلّفة في النّحو والصّرف؛ فهو يُملي على طلّابه في حلقات الدّرس. فكان تناولُهُ لها متناثرًا غيرَ مُبَوَّبٍ وغير منتظم، وكانت آراؤُهُ وتعليلاتُهُ ظاهرةً وواضحةً، ولتفصيل ذلك قُسِّمَ البحثُ إلى مقدّمةٍ وتمهيدٍ وأربعةِ مباحثَ وخاتمةٍ، عُنْوِنتِ المباحثُ بحذف الاسم، وحذف الفعل، وحذف شبه الجملة، وحذف الحرف، ومن خلالها برز منهجُ ابن الحاجب ورأيُهُ في هذه الظاهرة، وكان المنهجُ  الملائمُ لمناقشتها هو المنهج الوصفيّ التّحليليّ؛ إذ تمّ الوقوفُ على مواطنِ الحذفِ في الكتاب، وتحليلها، والخروج بعددٍ من النتائج الّتي أُثْبِتَتْ في الخاتمة
سياسة الصين تجاه تدخل الاتحاد السوفيتي في انغولا للمدة 1971-1976
Authors: م.د. ثامر محمد حميد حسين
Published: November 2023

تناول البحث سياسة الصين تجاه تدخل الاتحاد السوفيتي في انغولا للمدة 1971-1976 ، إذ تطرق الى ستراتيجية الصين السياسية في انغولا ودوافعها ، وكيف واجه سياسات الاتحاد السوفيتي في انغولا ، وتناول المساعدات الصينية لأنغولا وكيف انها فاقت بشكل كبير ما قدمه الاتحاد السوفيتـي ، الا في المساعدات العسكرية التي تفوق السوفييت فيها .

نظرة الصين للدول الأفريقية ولاسيما انغولا على انها تنتمي لدول العالم الثالث وعلى اساس ذلك سعت الصين لمحاولة استقطابـها وتزعمها ، فضلا عن انتماء دول أفريقيـة لحركة عدم الانحياز والتي سعت الصين لمواجهة النفوذ السوفيتـي بـها ، وللاستفادة من الاصوات الافريقية داخل الامم المتحدة ، وكذلك أهمية السوق الانغولية وقدرتها على استيعاب الصادرات الصينيـة التي وجدت منافسة قويـة في الأسواق الآسيوية والأوروبية .

استخدمت الصين كافة الوسائل الدعائيـة لنشر أيديولوجيتها وتحقيق مصالحها في انغولا وحشدت مجهودات ضخمة لخدمة أهدافها ، وتأكيد وضعها الدولي في مواجهة السوفيت ، كذلك قدمت مساعدات بمختلف المجالات الى حركات التحرر الانغوليه ولا سيما حركتي فنلا ويونيتا .

عالج البحث ايضا مسالة تدخل الدول المساندة للصين او للاتحاد السوفيتي ، فقد ناقش مجلس الأمن التدخل الكوبي في انغولا عندما اشتكت الصين من فشل مشروع القرار الذي ندد بالاشتراكية السوفيتية وبمرتزقتها بسبب تدخل الاتحاد السوفيتي ، وأن مشروع القرار لم يعكس المطلب العادل بالانسحاب الفوري والكامل من أنغولا ، لكن بالرغم من ذلك وافقت الصين على التنديد بجنوب أفريقيا ، إذ كانت قلقة من تدخل جنوب أفريقيا في انغـولا ورأت ضرورة انسحاب قوات جنوب أفريقيا حتى لا يكون ذلك التدخل سبباً في ترحيب بعض الدول الأفريقية والوقوف بجانب حركة مبلا نظراً لحساسية الدول الأفريقية تجاه نظام جنوب أفريقيا العنصري وفى ظل ذلك القلق طالبت الصين من الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية محاولة انهاء ذلك التدخل
القناعة في منظور الامام علي (عليه السلام ) واثرها في تحقيق العدالة الاجتماعية وإصلاح المجتمع
Authors: م.د. محمد كاظم عبدالله
Published: November 2023

القناعة كنز لا يفنى ,الراحة الحقيقية  في هذه الدنيا تكمن في طاعة الله عز وجل  واذا امتزجت بالقناعة والرضا بما قسم الله زادت العبد سعادة وطمأنينة , وهي من الفضائل الأخلاقية  والآداب العظيمة التي حث عليها الشرع المقدس لآثارها الكبيرة على الفرد والمجتمع فحياة العباد في هذه الدنيا بين حدين أما الجشع او القناعة والذي يختاره العبد منهما يحدد سلوكه في الدنيا ولأجل معالجة آفة الطمع التي تودي للذل والهوان حث الاسلام على الرضا والقناعة في الدنيا وبين أنها طريق الفلاح والسعادة وطريق الألفة والمودة فما يقع  من شقاق وكراهية وحسد بين العباد سببه الدنيا والتنازع عليها لكن في القناعة راحة العباد من الفتنة والركض وراء الدنيا وزخرفها وبذلك ترتاح النفوس من الحزن والهم فالمؤمن يعلم ان الغنى الحقيقي غنى النفس بان تكون نفس العباد قانعة مطمئنة حتى لو كان صاحبها لا يملك شيئا من حطام الدنيا . فالنفس اذا لم تكن راضية قانعة تنظر لما في أيد الناس فهي نفس فقيرة لا يمكن أن تستغني ابدا. فالسعادة ان يكون المؤمن مستغنيا بالله تعالى مؤمن به مفتقرا اليه قانعا بما قسمه الله راغبا عما في ايد العباد مستغنيا عنهم لا يسال إلا الله سبحانه وتعالى ليكن عزيزا بين العباد ذليلا فقيرا عند الله وبذلك ترتفع درجته عند خالقه عز وجل
المعتقدات الدافعية وعلاقتها بالذكاء ثلاثي الابعاد لدى الطلبة المتفوقين
Authors: أ.م.د حياة علي جاسم
Published: November 2023

يستهدف البحث الحالي التعرف على

مستوى المعتقدات الدافعية لدى الطلبة المتفوقين.

مستوى الذكاء الثلاثي الابعاد لدى الطلبة المتفوقين.

درجة وطبيعة العلاقة بين المعتقدات الدافعية والذكاء الثلاثي الابعاد لدى الطلبة المتفوقين.

الفرق في العلاقة بين المعتقدات الدافعية والذكاء الثلاثي الابعاد تبعاً لجنس الطلبة (ذكور/ اناث).

تالفت عينة البحث من (500) طالب وطالبة تم اختيارهم بطريقة عشوائية ذات التوزيع المتناسب بواقع (235) من الذكور (265) من اناث .

تم التوصل الى النتائج التالية :-

يتمتع الطلبة المتفوقين بمستوى مرتفع من المعتقدات الدافعية ، وعدم وجود فرق حقيقي بين المتوسط الحسابي والفرضي لبعد توجه الهدف الخارجي ، مما يعني اعتدال مستوى توجه الهدف عند الطلبة المتفوقين بنسبة طبيعية تساوي النسبة الظاهرة في المجتمع الطبيعي.

يتمتع الطلبة المتفوقين بأرتفاع في مستوى القدرتين التحليلية والعملية وبمستوى معتدل من القدرة الابداعية ووجود فرق حقيقي بين المتوسط العام للذكاء الثلاثي الابعاد والفرضي ، مما يعني تمتعهم بمستوى ذكاء ثلاثي الابعاد .

ارتفاع في مستوى المعتقدات الدافعية لدى الطلبة المتفوقين يصاحبها ارتفاع في مستوى الذكاء الثلاثي لديهم.

وجود ارتباط بين المعتقدات الدافعية والذكاء الثلاثي الابعاد عند الذكور بشكل اكبر مما يرتبط عند الاناث من الطلبة المتفوقين.
فرنسا والحروب الصليبيةدور لويس السابع ملك فرنسا في الحملة الصليبية الثانية ١١٤٥ -١١٤٩
Authors: أ.د طالب محيبس الوائلي
Published: November 2023

كان لسقوط إمارة الرها الصليبية دوي كبير في أنحاء أوروبا عموما, وفى مقر البابوية خصوصا, وارتفع صدى هذا الدوي بعد الإستغاثات المتكررة الصادرة من نصارى الشام لإخوانهم بأوروبا, وجاءت التلبية في العام 1148م عندما تحرك اثنان من أكبر قادة أوروبا هما لويس السابع (ملك فرنسا) وكونراد الثالث (ملك ألمانيا), وسلك كل منهما طريقا مختلفا عن الآخر ليكونوا شبه كماشة للانقضاض على الشام من ناحيتين: الألماني من ناحية آسيا الصغرى, والفرنسي من ناحية القسطنطينية. كان حظ الجيش الألماني عاثرا, فعند مدينة قونية بآسيا الصغرى هجمت قوات سلاجقة الروم المسلمة على الجيش الألماني ومزقته شر ممزق وشتت شمله, وفرّ كونراد الثالث من أرض المعركة الى مدينة نيقية، حيث التقى بلويس السابع وهو في غاية الذل والمهانة, وعلى الرغم من أن لويس السابع قد اختار الطريق الآمن؛ فإنه لم ينج من غارات السلاجقة المسلمين, مما اضطره لتعديل مساره، حيث آخذا طريق البحر, ثم أنطاكية, فبيت المقدس متناسيا الهدف من حملته، وهو استعادة الرها, والتفكير في هدف أكبر وأخطر.
Kalam dan Pembagian Kata Dalam Bahasa Arab
Authors: Azhar Muhammad
Published: November 2023

Kalam / Kalimat adalah ucapan yang terdiri dari beberapa kata, berguna bagi pendengar dan diucapkan dengan sengaja.Jadi syarat kalimat ada 4, yaitu: Ucapan (lafazh), Tersusun dari beberapa kata (murakkab), Berguna bagi pendengar (mufid), Diucapkan dengan sengaja (wadh’i)
Peran Kepala Sekolah Sebagai Pemimpin Dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan Sekolah
Authors: Nugroho Dudit
Published: November 2023

Kepemimpinan merupakan aspek yang penting atau sangat penting di sebuah lembaga. Dengan adanya kepemimpinan di sebuah lembaga maka akan ikut menentukan kesuksesan dari lembaga tersebut. Contoh di sebuah organisasi maka seorang pimpinan menentukan perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pelaksanaan, pengawasan, dan evaluasi, dengan begitu aspek manajemen di lembaga tersebut akan terurus. Berbicara mengenai kepemimpinan, maka peranan kepemimpinan kepala sekolah sangat menentukan keberhasilan sekolah. ”Keberhasilan sekolah adalah keberhasilan kepala sekolah”. Kepala sekolah dalam melaksanakan kepemimpinan ikut menentukan kesuksesan dari lembaga pendidikan yang dipimpinnya. Jika kepemimpinan dari kepala sekolah ada terurus maka dapat ikut menentukan atau meningkatkan mutu pendidikan. Pimpinan harus menunjukkan sikap teladannya agar dapat meningkat mutu lembaga pendidikannya. Berdasarkan argumen tersebut maka pimpinan mempunyai peran untuk meningkat mutu pendidikan di era digital saat ini. Contoh kepemimpinan di sekolah misalnya kepala sekolah ikut menjadi pembimbing dari guru di sekolah. Kepala sekolah ikut berperan memberikan bimbingan kepada guru yang mesti diberikan bimbingan agar dapat memperbaiki aspek yang mesti diperbaiki sehingga dapat mencapai tujuan pembelajaran yang telah ditentukan.
Isim Menurut Gender dan Jumlahnya dalam Bahasa Arab
Authors: Azhar Muhammad
Published: November 2023

Isim dari segi gender/ jenis kelaminnya ada 2, yaitu muzakkar (laki-laki) dan muannas (perempuan). Isim muzakkar adalah setiap isim yang menunjukkan laki-laki, dan biasanya tidak memiliki ta marbuthah (ة) diakhirnya. Sedangkan isim muannas adalah setiap isim yang menunjukkan perempuan, dan biasanya memiliki ta marbuthah (ة) diakhirnya. Isim dari segi jumlah ada isim mufrad, tasniah dan jamak.
Essaysammlung zu mentaler Gesundheit
Authors: Schönborn Tessa , Dobbelstein Andreas , Boehl Julia , Zawadzki Luna , Grambs Michelle , Pelzl Michael Alexander
Published: November 2023

Liebe Leserin, lieber Leser,das folgende Buch enthält Aufsätze von Studierenden, die im Rahmen eines Seminars zu psychischer Gesundheit und Resilienz von Medizinstudierenden entstanden sind. Um die Mühe und die gelungenen Aufsätze zu würdigen, haben wir entschieden einige der Ausätze im Rahmen dieses Sammelbandes zu veröffentlichen. Vorausschicken möchte ich jedoch den Hinweis, dass es sich um Seminararbeiten handelt, die zwar informativ und für einige sicherlich interessant zu lesen sind, jedoch nicht an den wissenschaftlichen Standard eines Reviewartikels heranreichen können oder wollen. Die Studierenden wurden dazu angehalten Primärliteratur zu verwenden und nach wissenschaftlichen Standards zu zitieren, es konnte jedoch nicht ausführlich überprüft werden, inwiefern dieser Maßstab umgesetzt wurde.Es bleibt Ihnen als Leserin oder Leser selbst überlassen die Informationen selbst zu prüfen und kritisch zu hinterfragen, wenn Sie wissenschaftlich damit arbeiten möchten.In jedem Fall wünschen wir viel Freude bei der Lektüre und gute Inspirationen!Dr. med. Michael Alexander PelzlNürnberg, 6. November 2023
Serum Iron Profile in Type 2 Diabetes, A Role Beyond Anemic Marker!
Authors: Chutia Happy , Jamir Sungdirenla , Yasir Md , Handique Gautam
Published: November 2023

Background: There are evidences of controversial study findings that iron profile has a significant role in maintenance of glycemic status. This study has therefore been done to estimate the markers of iron in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus as compared to impaired glycemic status and apparently healthy individuals and to look for correlation between these various iron markers and glycemic control. Methods: One hundred and fifteen (115) subjects were enrolled for the study and divided into three groups: fifty (50) each of diabetic & impaired glycemic status and fifteen (15) apparently healthy individuals based on HbA1c level. Basic demographic profile like age and sex and estimation of serum random glucose, urea, ceatinine, iron, ferritin, transferrin and soluble transferring receptor (stfR) were done. Results: ANOVA test has shown a significant difference in the mean for stfR (F=11.055, p=0.000) as well as for stfR/ferritin index (F=8.68, p=0.000). ANOVA for serum iron, transferrin, and ferritin were not statistically different for the groups. A significant correlation was found between HbA1c & stfR -ferritin index and between HbA1c and stfR in diabetic group. Conclusion: Iron and its markers are not only important in detecting and study of iron deficiency anemia but also might have a strong role in glucose homeostasis as well as development of intolerance and hence diabetes. stfR and stfR- ferritin index is comparatively stable and might be therefore used as additional marker along with HbA1C for monitoring blood glucose homeostasis.
MANGROVE VEGETATION COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN PONGKAR VILLAGE, TEBING DISTRICT, KARIMUN REGENCY, KEPULAUAN RIAU PROVINCE
Authors: Hadiyatma Patwa , Efriyeldi Efriyeldi , Thamrin Thamrin
Published: November 2023

Mangrove is a type of vegetation that grows on muddy soil in tidal areas, around the river estuary, and in tropical coastal areas. To support the success of mangrove forest management, it is important to pay attention to the factors that affect the growth of mangroves. This research was conducted in October – December 2021. The purpose of the study was to determine the type, density value, frequency, and cover of mangrove vegetation and its importance value index in Pongkar Village, Karimun Regency, Kepulauan Riau Province, using survey methods and sampling and measuring environmental quality parameters waters in the field. Based on the result of the research, the types of mangrove vegetation found consisted of 6 species, namely Avicennia alba, Avicennia marina, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Sonneratia alba, and Lumnitzera littorea. The highest density of mangrove vegetation in the Pongkar Village area is near the Military District Command (Station II) housing with a total density of 1822.22 ind/ha. The highest relative frequency value of mangroves is found in the Pelambung area of ​​A.alba species with a value of 40%. The highest relative dominance value of mangroves was found at station II of S.alba species with a value of 63.12%. Meanwhile, the highest important value index was found at station II for S.alba species with a value of 152.01% and the lowest important value index was L.littorea which was found at station I with a value of 12.69%.
EFFECT OF ADDITION OF COCONUT WATER AS ENRICHMENT OF Spirulina platensis GROWTH MEDIA IN LABORATORY SCALE
Authors: Khasena Aisyah , Nurrachmi Irvina , Zulkifli Zulkifli
Published: November 2023

Spirulina platensis is a microalga that has high economic value. The growth of S.platensis is influenced by environmental conditions and nutrients. The objectives of this study are to determine the best concentration of coconut water for media of S.platensis growth. The study was conducted at the Natural Feed Laboratory of the Brackish Water Aquaculture Center (BPBAP) Ujung Batee Aceh. This research is an experimental study using a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 3 levels of treatment and control using coconut water of the media with concentrations of 3%, 5%, and 7% with 3 replications. The highest cell density level of S.platensis reached 83.102 cells/ml in treatment A (3%), in treatment B (5%) 73.975 cells/ml, the density in the control treatment reached 70.850 cells/ml, and in treatment, C (7%) cell density only reached 54.658 cells/ml. The results of the ANOVA test on day 2, day 3, day 5, and day 6 showed that the addition of coconut water with different concentrations had a significant effect (p<0.05) on the growth of S.platensis
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF ECHINODERMS IN THE COASTAL WATERS OF SUNGAI NIPAH PESISIR SELATAN REGENCY
Authors: Meitasuri Gevi , Efriyeldi Efriyeldi , Nasution Syafruddin
Published: November 2023

Echinoderms are thorn-skinned invertebrates such as sea stars, snake stars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, and sea lilies. Echinoderms are marine animals that act as cleaners for the marine environment, especially the coastal environment. This research was conducted in September 2021 in the coastal waters of Sungai Nipah, Pesisir Selatan Regency, West Sumatra Province. The purpose of this study was to determine the structure of the echinoderm community which includes species, abundance, relative abundance, diversity, uniformity, dominance, and distribution patterns. The method used in this research was a survey method, to determine the observation station using a purposive sampling technique. Based on the research results, the species of echinoderms found in the coastal waters of Sungai Nipah Village are Holothuria scabra, H.atra, and Ophiocoma scolopendrina. The abundance of echinoderms obtained ranged from 7,407–11,481 ind/ha. Echinodemata diversity has an average of 1.13 which belongs to the medium category. The uniformity of echinoderms has an average of 0.13 which is included in the category of very low species uniformity. The average value of dominance is 0.51 which means that there are species that dominate in these waters. The distribution pattern of echinoderms in the coastal waters of Sungai Nipah is uniform
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF EPIZOIC DIATOM Pinna muricata AT SEAGRASS ECOSISTEM IN PANDARATAN BEACH TAPANULI TENGAH REGENCY NORTH SUMATRA PROVINCE
Authors: Dalimunthe Salmi Patima , Samiaji Joko , Siregar Sofyan Husein
Published: November 2023

This research was carried out in March 2022; the location of this research is Pandaratan Beach, Tapanuli Tengah Regency, North Sumatra Province. The purpose of this study was to determine the abundance, relative abundance, diversity index, dominance index, and uniformity index of epizoic diatom species in Pinna muricata in the seagrass ecosystem of Pandaratan Beach. The method used is a survey method, using three sampling points to take p.muricata, the determination of 3 sampling points based on the density of the seagrass ecosystem. Sampling of diatoms was carried out by scraping the surface of the shells 5 cm wide, on the right and left backs of the shells. The diatom samples obtained were then analyzed in the laboratory. There were 12 types of epizoic diatoms found, consisting of Amphora sp, Bacillaria sp, Cyclotella sp, Cymbella sp, Isthmia sp, Melosira sp, Navicula sp, Nitzschia sp, Pinnularia sp, Skeletonema sp, Surirella sp, Synedra sp. the average value of epizoic diatom abundance on the shells of Pinna muricata ranged from 2.711,28–4.617,84 ind/cm2, the average value of the diversity index (H') of epizoic diatoms ranged from 1.43-2.50. The mean value of the dominance index (D) is in the range of 0.26 to 0.92. The average value of the uniformity index (E) ranges from 0.40-0.70.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NITRATE, PHOSPHATE AND ORGANIC MATERIAL CONCENTRATION TO PHYTOPLANKTON ABUNDANCE IN RUPAT ISLAND WATERS
Authors: Tanjung Doli Juni Setia , Amin Bintal , Mubarak Mubarak
Published: November 2023

Over time, Rupat Island has experienced very rapid development, marked by various activities such as plantations, agriculture, farming, and ecotourism activities which are growing rapidly. This study aims to determine the relationship between concentrations of nitrate, phosphate, and organic matter on the abundance of phytoplankton in Rupat Island waters. The results showed that the average nitrate concentration was relatively high, ranging from 0.0993-0.1618 mg/L and the average phosphate concentration was around 0.0951-0.1571 mg/L. Furthermore, the concentration of organic matter in water ranged from 27.555-35.234 mg/L. The lowest abundance of phytoplankton was found in the Station II area with an average abundance value of around 416.67 cells/L, while the highest average abundance was in the Station V area with an average value of 993.05 cells/L. The relationship between the content of nitrate, phosphate, and organic matter with the abundance of phytoplankton in the Rupat Island area was insignificant or weak with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 8%, 10.5% and 3.3%
THE EFFECT OF INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEM ON FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT AT BLUD PETALA BUMI HOSPITAL, RIAU PROVINCE
Authors: Arini Arini
Published: November 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of the internal control system on financial management at the BLUD of Petala Bumi Hospital, Riau Province. The population in this study were employees at the Petala Bumi Hospital, Riau Province, which consisted of 11 people from the Finance Section, 6 people from Casemix, 3 people from Cashier, 4 people from Planning, 6 people from Logistics and Assets. This research approach uses quantitative with primary data sources. The analytical method used is Simple Linear Regression with the help of SPSS 23. The statistical test results show that the Internal Control System has a significant effect on financial management at the BLUD of Petala Bumi Hospital, Riau Province.
A Survey on the Effectiveness of Online Listening Classes during the Covid-19 Pandemic at English Department of Universitas Riau
Authors: Putri Dita Aulia , Daud Afrianto , Eliwarti Eliwarti
Published: November 2023

This paper discusses a study that focuses on discussing the effectiveness of online learning for students of the English Education Study Program in learning Listening Comprehension 3 courses in online learning. This research is a quantitative descriptive study involving 118 English Department students taking the Listening Comprehension 3 subject at the Universitas Riau. The sample was selected through total sampling technique, in which the entire population that filled out the questionnaire was sampled in this study. Data was collected from a set of questionnaire which were distributed online in the form of a Google Form. The questionnaire was designed using a Likert Scale and documentation in the form of student achievement from the Listening Comprehension 3 subject to support the research results. The results showed that the learning effectiveness of students of the English Department was high with a total average of 3.70 when studying Listening Comprehension 3 in online learning. In conclusion, the effectiveness of online listening classes during the Covid-19 pandemic at the English Department at the University of Riau was high.
Unlocking Organic Agroindustry Employee Eco-Innovation: Role of Green Product Knowledge and Green Transformational Leadership
Authors: Irawan Norbertus Citra , Esthi Raniasari Bimanti , Wijayanti Irene Kartika Eka , Widodo Zandra Dwanita , Darmaningrum Kurniawati
Published: November 2023

The problem to be answered in this study is whether green product knowledge (GPK) affects eco-innovation through the mediation of green transformational leadership (GTL) in the processed organic food agroindustry. This research is important because processed organic food is one of the solutions to provide healthy food products for the community and has a broad impact on environmental sustainability through environmentally friendly production practices. The basic research method is an explanatory case study; the data collection technique uses the interview method by distributing 175 questionnaires to 35 agroindustry MSMEs of processed organic food products. Only 150 questionnaires are filled in to be analyzed further, and data analysis uses partial least square. Based on the research results, the first finding is that GPK positively and significantly affects GTL. The second finding is that GPK positively and significantly affects eco-innovation in the processed organic food agroindustry (EI). The third finding is that GTL positively and significantly affects EI. The fourth finding is that GPK positively and significantly affects EI mediated by GTL.
Prevalence of Covid-19 and Associated Co-Morbidities at a Tertiary Hospital in Eastern Nepal
Authors: Singh Randhir Kumar , Singh Bijoy Lakshmi Dewasy , Mehta Ram Kumar , Deo Santosh Kumar
Published: November 2023

Introduction: COVID-19 (coronavirus disease) manifests as asymptomatic, mild, or severe pneumonia-like symptoms. COVID-19 patients with diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cardiovascular disease (CVD), hypertension, malignancies, HIV, and other comorbidities could develop a life-threatening condition.

Objectives: To identify the various comorbid illnesses in COVID-19-positive patients along with its baseline characteristics in a tertiary hospital in eastern Nepal.

Methodology: A one-month observational study carried out in RT-PCR positive COVID-19 patients in Birat Medical College and Hospital (BMCTH) Molecular Laboratory from June to July 2021. All the data was entered in a pre-structured proforma. The data was then further entered and analyzed by using Microsoft Excel 2014.

Result: There were 354 (22.77%) RT-PCR positive COVID-19 cases and 1200 (77.22%) RT-PCR negative COVID-19 cases. More than half of the COVID-19 positive patients were males 211(59.60%). The most common symptoms were fever (92.3%), cough (83.5%) and tiredness (81.23%). Psycho-social stress such as anxiety, depression and insomnia 123 (34.74%) were common comorbidities followed by diabetes 91(25.70%) and hypertension 72(20.33%).

Conclusion: COVID-19 patients were mostly between the 20-30 years of age group. Fever, cough, and throat pain were the commonest presenting symptoms.
Time Series Analysis of the Foreign Direct Investment in Nepal: Economics Perspective
Authors: Koirala Dhirendra Prasad , Abdullah Nazirdduin
Published: November 2023

The main aim of this paper is to identify the major economic determinants of foreign direct investment in Nepal. In doing so, the Johansen-Juselius (JJ) cointegration approach as well as vector error correction model are implemented to identify the relationship among the macro variables. The empirical results revealed that all the variables are stationary at first difference and the evidence of cointegrating vector is obvious based on the JJ cointegration results. In addition, it is found that there is a long run relationship among the variables based on the coefficient of Error Correction Term (ECT). The long run coefficients show that Trade, GDP, exchange rate, and interest rate have a positive impact on FDI in Nepal, while, gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) and inflation (CPI) have a negative impact. Finally, in the short run, only one lag of FDI is affecting FDI. These results suggest that the inward FDI tends to incorporate information from the macroeconomic variables.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice towards COVID-19 among Healthcare Workers in Peoples Dental College and Hospital, Nepal
Authors: Mahto Moni , Shah Ankur
Published: November 2023

INTRODUCTION: HCWs are at risk of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) because of prolonged and repeated exposure to patients and because HCWs work in a team and physical distancing is usually not possible among them. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the current status of knowledge, attitude and practice among HCWs in Peoples Dental College and Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at People’s Dental College and Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal through an online survey questionnaire from 1st July 2020 to 30th August 2020. A total of 163 HCWs were identified as eligible for study and 90 participants (HCWs) participated in the study. The data were collected through a structured questionnaire regarding COVID-19 and distributed via email, Facebook, Whatsapp. The responses were presented as numbers and percentages.
RESULTS: Among 90 participants, majority were dentist 66(73.3%), 15(16.7%) were medical doctors and few 6(6.7%) were paramedical. Majority of the participants had proper knowledge of its transmission, incubation period, isolation and treatment and showed a positive practices towards preventive measures. A vast majority of health care workers were practicing precautionary measures such as washing hand 81(90%), wearing face mask while leaving home 87(96.7%), maintaining social distancing and healthy lifestyle 60(66.7%). However, fear of human to human transmission and transmission of infection to family member had a significant impact on attitude of some of the HCWs.
CONCLUSIONS: The majority of HCWs had proper knowledge and practices toward COVID-19. However, the level of some knowledge and practices lower than that expected and negative attitude need to be addressed. Hence additional educational interventions are required for health care workers.
Evaluation of Blood Group in Co-relation with the Dermatoglyphics Patterns among Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sah Surendra Kumar , Mahat Samyog , Jha Manisha , Bhagat Prachi , Pokharel Sinet , Jayshwal Raju
Published: November 2023

INTRODUCTION: Dermatoglyphics is the scientific study of naturally occurring epidermal ridges and their configuration on the digits, palms, and soles apart from flexion crease and secondary folds. Fingerprint scans are now-a-days used in the biometric systems, validating electronic registration, cashless transactions, library access and forensic purposes. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between dermatoglyphics patterns and blood groups.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study designed to study the dermatoglyphics pattern in correlation with blood group among 200 medical students from November 2022 to April 2023. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 16 and Chi-Square test was used.
RESULTS: The major type of blood group among the participants was blood group O (38.5%) followed by blood group B (37%), blood group A (17.5%) and blood group AB (7%). Rh positive was the dominant Rh factor (95.5%) while Rh negative was 4.5% only. The general distribution of dermatoglyphics pattern showed that the dominant pattern of finger print was loop type (52%) in both the genders, followed by whorls pattern (36.5%) and arch pattern (11.5%). Based on Chi- Square test it was observed that the dominant type of finger print was whorls type in  blood group O and B while, arch type of finger print was common in blood group B.
CONCLUSIONS: Finger prints of each individual is unique. Hence, it can be effectively used for corroborative identification of an individual in mass disasters as well as in other forensic and anatomical applications.
Morphological Study of Right and Left Coronary Artery: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Gautam Ajeevan , Chaulagain Rajib , Sintakala Chandan , Yong Kun Hing
Published: November 2023

INTRODUCTION: The coronary arteries furnish the heart with its special arterial supply. The right coronary artery descends into the coronary sulcus after emerging from the right aortic sinus. The left coronary artery, which arises from the left aortic sinus, travels briefly via the coronary sulcus before splitting into two or three branches at the atrioventricular groove. This study aimed to estimate the standard size of the cadaveric heart and assess the morphological variation of the coronary artery.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted at the dissection hall of the Anatomy department at Chitwan medical college. Twentyfour (24) human hearts present at the dissection hall and museum were used for the study. The weight of the heart was taken; a complete tracing of the coronary artery was done. Photographs were taken at different sites of dissection to find anomalies. Deformed specimens were excluded.
RESULTS: Among 24 human hearts studied, the average weight was between 243gm to 322gm. The length of the heart was 11.02 to 11.89cm and the width was 7.97 to 8.56cm. The study reported right coronary dominance in 96% and left coronary dominance in 4% respectively. The study did not report any splitting of the right coronary artery but trifurcation of the left coronary artery was commonest (58%).
CONCLUSIONS: This study concludes that the right coronary dominance is most common and the left coronary artery shows several variations than the right. The findings may be helpful in academic, medical, and surgical management like open heart surgery angioplasty.
Determinants of Lending Interest Rate of Nepalese Commercial Banks
Authors: Niroula Ballav , Gnawali Bindu
Published: November 2023

This research analyzes the determinants of lending interest rates of commercial banks in Nepal. The lending interest is the main source of income for any financial institution. Secondary data has been collected from the annual reports of seven commercial banks for the study. Using convenience sampling techniques only seven banks are taken as samples out of 21 commercial banks in Nepal. 35 observations of the study are analyzed and interpreted using correlation and simple regression analysis. The study is based on the dependent variable lending interest rate and independent variables: liquidity ratio, deposit interest rate, return on assets, default risk, gross domestic production, and inflation. This study found a statistically positive and significant effect of deposit interest rate, return on assets, and inflation on the lending interest rate of commercial banks in Nepal.
Performance Analysis of Sketching Methods
Authors: Maharjan Dinesh
Published: November 2023

One of the problems in data mining or machine learning is the high-dimensional dataset. MinHash can generate sketches of sparse datasets efficiently reducing the dimension to a few thousand. These sketches, then, can be used for different machine-learning applications. It takes O(kd) computations to generate k hash values for a data point with d non-zeros. The Sketch of a data point is the vector of k hash values. Weighted Minwise Hashing is another method to generate a sketch of size k in O(kp/d) computations. Here, p is the size of the universal set. Optimal Densification is the most efficient and accurate method as it can generate k hash values in mere O(d + k) computations. In this paper, we investigate the performance of Optimal Densification, Weighted Minwise Hashing, and Vanilla MinHash by performing two experiments. Firstly, we investigate Jaccard similarity estimation accuracy on six different synthetic datasets. Then, we perform one nearest neighbor classification (1NN) of four real datasets. Optimal Densification outperforms both Weighted Minwise Hashing and Vanilla MinHash in terms of accuracy and time taken to generate the sketches.
Гастроентерологічні розлади у хворих з ураженням нирок
Authors: Moyseyenko V. O. , Alianova T. S.
Published: November 2023

В огляді розглянуто найпоширеніші гастроентерологічні розлади серед хворих з хронічною нирковою недостатністю (ХНН). Визначено два основні напрями: гастроентерологічні розлади як прояв основного захворювання (ХХН) та супутня патологія. Виявлено, що найчастіше зустрічаються такі прояви ураження верхніх відділів травного каналу, як анорексія, нудота та блювання, запор, шлунково-кишкова кровотеча та гострий абдомінальний біль. Доведено необхідність подальшого вивчення патогенетичних механізмів виникнення та прогресування гастроентерологічної патології при ХНН і важливість комплексного підходу до обстеження й ведення хворих з ХНН.
Ураження травної системи як прояв плейотропної дії генів при мітохондріальній дисфункції
Authors: Grechanina O. Ya. , Grechanina Yu. B. , Gusar V. A. , Molodan L. V.
Published: November 2023

Фенотипові ознаки спадкової патології формуються внаслідок плейотропної дії генів. Саме тому ураження має поліорганний характер. Такі особливості характерні і для мітохондріальної дисфункції, викликаної мутаціями як ядерної, так і мітохондріальної ДНК. Визначення ролі деяких складових клінічного фенотипу у формуванні ознак того чи іншого захворювання дає можливість системного ефективного патогенетичного лікування. На прикладі мітохондріальної дисфункції вивчено роль ураження травної системи у формуванні клінічної картини захворювань, асоційованих як з "точковими" мутаціями, так і поліморфізмами мтДНК. Доведено важливу роль ураження травної системи в клінічному перебігу складних мітохондріальних порушень.