bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SNAI1 Promotes the Cholangiocellular Phenotype, but not Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition, in a Murine Hepatocellular Carcinoma Model
Authors: Xu Meng , Wang Jingxiao , Xu Zhong , Li Rong , Wang Pan , Shang Runze , Cigliano Antonio , Ribback Silvia , Solinas Antonio , Pes Giovanni Mario , Evert Katja , Wang Haichuan , Song Xinhua , Zhang Shu , Che Li , Pascale Rosa Maria , Calvisi Diego Francesco , Liu Qingguang , Chen Xin
Published: August 2019

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer and has limited treatment options. Snail family transcriptional repressor 1 (SNAI1) is a master regulator of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and has been implicated in HCC initiation and progression. However, the precise role of SNAI1 and the way it contributes to hepatocarcinogenesis have not been investigated in depth, especially in vivo. Here, we analyzed the functional relevance of SNAI1 in promoting hepatocarcinogenesis in the context of the AKT/c-Met–driven mouse liver tumor model (AKT/c-Met/SNAI1). Overexpression of SNAI1 did not accelerate AKT/c-Met–induced HCC development or induce metastasis in mice. Elevated SNAI1 expression rather led to the formation of cholangiocellular (CCA) lesions in the mouse liver, a phenotype that was paralleled by increased activation of Yap and Notch. Ablation of Yap strongly inhibited AKT/c-Met/SNAI-induced HCC and CCA development, whereas inhibition of the Notch pathway specifically blocked the CCA-like phenotype in mice. Intriguingly, overexpression of SNAI1 failed to induce EMT, indicated by strong E-cadherin expression and lack of vimentin expression by AKT/c-Met/SNAI tumor cells. SNAI1 mRNA levels strongly correlated with the expression of CCA markers, including SOX9, CK19, and EPCAM, but not with EMT markers such as E-CADHERIN and ZO-1, in human HCC samples. Overall, our findings suggest SNAI1 regulates the CCA-like phenotype in hepatocarcinogenesis via regulation of Yap and Notch.

Significance:

These findings report a new function of SNAI1 to promote cholangiocellular transdifferentiation instead of epithelial–mesenchymal transition in hepatocellular carcinoma.
CD45+CD326+ Cells are Predictive of Poor Prognosis in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients
Authors: Ishizawa Kota , Yamanaka Mie , Saiki Yuriko , Miyauchi Eisaku , Fukushige Shinichi , Akaishi Tetsuya , Asao Atsuko , Mimori Takahiro , Saito Ryota , Tojo Yutaka , Yamashita Riu , Abe Michiaki , Sakurada Akira , Pham Nhu-An , Li Ming , Okada Yoshinori , Ishii Tadashi , Ishii Naoto , Kobayashi Seiichi , Nagasaki Masao , Ichinose Masakazu , Tsao Ming-Sound , Horii Akira
Published: August 2019

Purpose:

The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, the major process by which some cancer cells convert from an epithelial phenotype to a mesenchymal one, has been suggested to drive chemo-resistance and/or metastasis in patients with cancer. However, only a few studies have demonstrated the presence of CD45/CD326 doubly-positive cells (CD45/CD326 DPC) in cancer. We deployed a combination of cell surface markers to elucidate the phenotypic heterogeneity in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells and identified a new subpopulation that is doubly-positive for epithelial and non–epithelial cell-surface markers in both NSCLC cells and patients' malignant pleural effusions.

Experimental Design:

We procured a total of 39 patients' samples, solid fresh lung cancer tissues from 21 patients and malignant pleural effusion samples from 18 others, and used FACS and fluorescence microscopy to check their surface markers. We also examined the EGFR mutations in patients with known acquired EGFR mutations.

Results:

Our data revealed that 0.4% to 17.9% of the solid tumor tissue cells and a higher percentage of malignant pleural effusion cells harbored CD45/CD326 DPC expressing both epithelial and nonepithelial surface markers. We selected 3 EGFR mutation patients and genetically confirmed that the newly identified cell population really originated from cancer cells. We also found that higher proportions of CD45/CD326 DPC are significantly associated with poor prognosis.

Conclusions:

In conclusion, varying percentages of CD45/CD326 DPC exist in both solid cancer tissue and malignant pleural effusion in patients with NSCLC. This CD45/CD326 doubly-positive subpopulation can be an important key to clinical management of patients with NSCLC.
An RNA Aptamer–Based Biomarker Platform Demonstrates High Soluble CD25 Occupancy by IL2 in the Serum of Follicular Lymphoma Patients
Authors: Veeramani Suresh , Blackwell Sue E. , Thiel William H. , Yang Zhi-Zhang , Ansell Stephen M. , Giangrande Paloma H. , Weiner George J.
Published: August 2019

Ligand–receptor complexes play a central role in mediating a range of processes in immunology and cancer biology. The ability to directly quantify the fraction of receptors occupied by a ligand in a given biospecimen, as opposed to assessing the concentration of ligand and receptor separately, could provide an additional and valuable clinical and research tool for assessing whether receptors are occupied by a ligand. To address this need, a biomarker platform was developed to quantify the fraction of receptors occupied by a ligand using pairs of RNA aptamers, where one aptamer binds preferentially to the unoccupied receptor and the other to the ligand–receptor complex. Bound aptamer was quantified using RT-qPCR colorimetric probes specific for each aptamer. The binding ratio of aptamer correlated with the fraction of receptors occupied by a ligand. This assay, termed as LIRECAP (LIgand–REceptor Complex-binding APtamer) assay, was used to determine the fraction of soluble CD25 occupied by IL2 in the serum from subjects with B-cell lymphoma. No correlation was found between the type of lymphoma and total soluble CD25 or IL2 independently. In contrast, the fraction of soluble CD25 occupied by IL2 was significantly higher in follicular lymphoma patient serum compared with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patient serum. We conclude that this technology has the potential to serve as a high-throughput biomarker platform to quantify the fraction of receptors occupied by a ligand.
PD-1 Inhibition Achieves a Complete Metabolic Response in a Patient with Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor
Authors: Davis Lisa E. , Nicholls Lauren A. , Babiker Hani M. , Liau Joy , Mahadevan Daruka
Published: August 2019

High-grade malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) have a poor prognosis with limited responsiveness to systemic therapy. We document a case of a complete metabolic response to pembrolizumab monotherapy in metastatic disease. Tumor molecular profiling identified programmed-death ligand-1 (PD-L1) positivity. This characteristic provided a rationale for immune-checkpoint therapy. Treatment with pembrolizumab resulted in a complete metabolic response after four cycles of therapy. Patients with PD-L1–positive, metastatic MPNST may be candidates for immune-checkpoint therapy, which may produce a durable complete remission. Future study of anti–PD-1/PD-L1 therapy is warranted.
Ist die Adipositas ein Risikofaktor für postoperative Komplikationen nach Lungenlappenresektion?
Authors: Lesser Thomas
Published: August 2019

Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of BMI on the short-term outcomes of patients undergoing lung lobectomy. Methods: This was a retrospective clinical cohort study conducted in a single institution to assess the short-term outcomes of obese patients undergoing lung resection. Intraoperative and postoperative parameters were compared between the two study subgroups: obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) and non-obese patients (BMI <30 kg/m2). Results: In total, 203 patients were enrolled in the study (70 obese and 133 non-obese patients). Both study subgroups were comparable with regards to demographics, clinical data and surgical approach (thoracoscopy vs. thoracotomy). The surgery time was significantly longer in obese patients (p = 0.048). There was no difference in the frequency of intraoperative complications between the study subgroups (p = 0.635). The postoperative hospital stay was similar in both study subgroups (p = 0.366). A 30-day postoperative morbidity was higher in a subgroup of non-obese patients (33.8% vs. 21.7%), but the difference was not significant (p = 0.249). In the subgroup of non-obese patients, a higher frequency of mild and severe postoperative complications was observed. However, the differences between the study subgroups were not statistically significant due to the borderline p-value (p = 0.053). The 30-day postoperative mortality was comparable between obese and non-obese patients (p = 0.167). Conclusions: Obesity does not increase the incidence and severity of intraoperative and postoperative complications after lung lobectomy. Slightly better outcomes in obese patients indicate that obesity paradox might be a reality in patients undergoing lung resection.
Entelechy Regained? Further Musings on a Quantised Gyroscopic Metaphor for the Vital Force in Health and Dis-Ease
Authors: Milgrom Lionel R.
Published: August 2019

Background: Many complementary and alternative medicine modalities consider the vital force (Vf) an organism’s source of health and healing, Hahnemann’s notion of the Vf having similarities with quantum systems. Thus, the Vf is only indirectly observable via expressed symptoms: a quantum property is only indirectly observable via its observed experimental effects. Objective: To develop further a quantised gyroscopic metaphor of the Vf in which dis-ease slows axial rotation, causing the Vf to precess (i.e., express symptoms). The curative remedy accelerates axial rotation, throwing off the dis-ease, so precession (and symptom expression) cease. Method: Using earlier wave functions depending solely on observed patient symptoms and changes to them, 6 further wave functions are generated, representing the Vf in various states of dis-ease and health. Results: All 6 Vf wave functions can be arranged on 6 of the 9 points of an enneagram, the other 3 representing the practitioner. Conclusion: Transformations between the 6 Vf states are readily visualised. They may also be divided into two groups separated by a therapeutic “event horizon,” the practitioner being the “arbiter” between them. Thus, they could represent non-reductive information states, suitable as starting points for understanding the influence of consciousness on the therapeutic process.
Increased Sclerostin, but Not Dickkopf-1 Protein, Is Associated with Elevated Pulse Wave Velocity in Hemodialysis Subjects
Authors: Stavrinou Eirini , Sarafidis Pantelis A. , Koumaras Charalampos , Loutradis Charalampos , Giamalis Panagiotis , Tziomalos Konstantinos , Karagiannis Asterios , Papagianni Aikaterini
Published: August 2019

Background: Sclerostin and Dickkopf-1 (Dkk-1) proteins are inhibitors of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin bone pathway. Pilot data suggest that sclerostin may be involved in vascular changes in chronic kidney disease (CKD), but data on the effects of Dkk-1 are scarce. This is the first study investigating simultaneously the associations of sclerostin and Dkk-1 with arterial stiffness in hemodialysis patients. Methods: A total of 80 patients on chronic hemodialysis had carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), central blood pressure (BP), and wave reflections evaluated with applanation tonometry (Sphygmocor) on a midweek non-dialysis day. Serum levels of sclerostin and Dkk-1 were measured with ELISA. A large set of demographic, comorbid, laboratory, and drug parameters were used in the analyses. Results: Subjects with PWV >9.5 m/s (high arterial stiffness group, n = 40) were older, had higher BMI, higher prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, and coronary heart disease, and higher peripheral systolic BP, central systolic BP, C-reactive protein, and serum sclerostin (p = 0.02), but similar Dkk-1, compared to subjects with low PWV. When dichotomizing the population by sclerostin levels, those with high sclerostin had higher PWV than patients with low sclerostin levels (10.63 ± 2.71 vs. 9.77 ± 3.13, p = 0.048). Increased sclerostin (>200 pg/mL) was significantly associated with increased PWV (>9.5 m/s; HR 2.778, 95% CI 1.123–6.868 per pg/mL increase); this association remained significant after stepwise adjustment for Dkk-1, intact parathyroid hormone, and calcium × phosphate product. In contrast, no association was noted between Dkk-1 and PWV (HR 1.000, 95% CI 0.416–2.403). Conclusion: Serum sclerostin is associated with PWV independently of routine markers of CKD-MBD in hemodialysis patients. In contrast, Dkk-1 has no association with arterial stiffness and is not pathophysiologically involved in relevant vascular changes.
Platelet-Rich Plasma and Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Prevent TGF-β1-Induced Myofibroblast Generation but Are Not Synergistic when Combined: Morphological in vitro Analysis
Authors: Chellini Flaminia , Tani Alessia , Vallone Larissa , Nosi Daniele , Pavan Paola , Bambi Franco , Zecchi-Orlandini Sandra , Sassoli Chiara
Published: August 2019

The persistence of activated myofibroblasts is a hallmark of fibrosis of many organs. Thus, the modulation of the generation/functionality of these cells may represent a strategical anti-fibrotic therapeutic option. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-based therapy has shown promising clues, but some criticisms still limit the clinical use of these cells, including the need to avoid xenogeneic compound contamination for ex vivo cell amplification and the identification of appropriate growth factors acting as a pre-conditioning agent and/or cell delivery vehicle during transplantation, thus enabling the improvement of cell survival in the host tissue microenvironment. Many studies have demonstrated the ability of platelet-rich plasma (PRP), a source of many biologically active molecules, to positively influence MSC proliferation, survival, and functionality, as well as its anti-fibrotic potential. Here we investigated the effects of PRP, murine and human bone marrow-derived MSCs, and of the combined treatment PRP/MSCs on in vitro differentiation of murine NIH/3T3 and human HDFα fibroblasts to myofibroblasts induced by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, a well-known pro-fibrotic agent. The myofibroblastic phenotype was evaluated morphologically (cell shape and actin cytoskeleton assembly) and immunocytochemically (vinculin-rich focal adhesion clustering, α-smooth muscle actin and type-1 collagen expression). We found that PRP and MSCs, both as single treatments and in combination, were able to prevent the TGF-β1-induced fibroblast-myofibroblast transition. Unexpectedly, the combination PRP/MSCs had no synergistic effects. In conclusion, within the limitations related to an in vitro experimentation, our study may contribute to providing an experimental background for supporting the anti-fibrotic potential of the combination PRP/MSCs which, once translated “from bench to bedside,” could potentially offer advantages over the single treatments.
Para além da interpretação: repensando os enquadres e a escuta na psicanálise com crianças
Authors: Almeida Alexandre Patricio de
Published: August 2019

A problemática que envolve a homogeneidade da clínica psicanalítica tem ganhado cada vez mais espaço nas pesquisas contemporâneas. Conduzir o setting de maneira rígida e ortodoxa pode ser um risco de alienação para o analista e também para o paciente. Apresentarei, aqui, um caso clínico de um tratamento infantil guiado por meio dos conceitos de técnica elástica de Sándor Ferenczi e da importância do brincar de Winnicott. Os comentários finais direcionarão o leitor para uma possível reflexão a respeito dos manejos e enquadres, propondo um convite para repensar a clínica contemporânea.
As transformações corporais na adolescência através de tatuagens, piercings e alargadores
Authors: Macedo Sybele , Almeida Maíra Lopes
Published: August 2019

Tatuagens, piercings e alargadores tornaram-se comuns entre os adolescentes na contemporaneidade. Essas práticas de modificação corporal, embora tenham sido historicamente relacionadas a culturas exóticas e, mais recentemente, a grupos marginalizados, têm adquirido um novo status social. Além da questão estética, é necessário problematizar essas práticas e o que elas desvelam da adolescência moderna. O objetivo deste artigo é, então, discutir tais transformações corporais na adolescência a partir da psicanálise de Freud e Lacan. Considera-se que essas transformações corporais podem funcionar como estratégia pra lidar com as mudanças corporais decorrentes da puberdade e constituir um corpo que possa circular socialmente, ao mesmo tempo que diferencia o eu e do outro.
Escola consumada e consumida: o declínio da política na contemporaneidade e seus efeitos sobre a escola
Authors: Batista Douglas Emiliano
Published: August 2019

Este artigo procura distinguir o dispositivo escolar que foi hegemônico na modernidade daquele que é hegemônico na contemporaneidade: enquanto o primeiro era indissociável do ressurgimento da política nos primórdios dos tempos modernos, o segundo o é do declínio da política – e da consequente ascensão da tecnoburocracia e da tecnociência – nas últimas décadas do século XX. Nesses termos, o dispositivo escolar hegemônico na contemporaneidade vem sendo consumido para melhor se consumar, o que significa que a escola admitida hoje como ideal é a que se faz onipresente (consumada) na proporção em que é também radicalmente desescolarizada (consumida). Trata-se de dessimbolizar a escola (no que concerne, por exemplo, à transferência do aluno ao professor) para adequá-la aos imperativos visados pela tecnoburocracia e pelo mercado nos termos aparentemente democráticos do gozo de uma inclusão total. Desse modo, o dispositivo escolar acaba sendo consumido e consumado na medida em que seu objetivo já não é tanto formar sujeitos e cidadãos do Estado-Nação, mas conformar indivíduos e consumidores de um mundo global.

Palavras-chave: dispositivo escolar moderno; dispositivo escolar contemporâneo; declínio da política; dessimbolização da escola contemporânea.
Face a uma cultura que não faz mais abrigo: o discurso sobre o “mal da juventude”
Authors: Pirone Ilaria
Published: August 2019

Apoiado em encontros clínicos, experiências de formação e pesquisa em ciências da educação, este artigo relaciona alguns dos impasses dos adolescentes na escola com os novos modos de transmissão e os processos de moralização do discurso escolar. Essas remodelações, que são efeitos do discurso capitalista, parecem produzir formas de desligamento ético dos adultos, deixando os jovens diante de um Outro que não faz mais um abrigo ou uma lei. Essas observações nos obrigam a refletir sobre as apostas do discurso psicanalítico na formação universitária e a atualizar os desafios.
Soluble Prorenin Receptor Increases Blood Pressure in High Fat–Fed Male Mice
Authors: Gatineau Eva , Gong Ming C. , Yiannikouris Frédérique
Published: August 2019

Obesity-related hypertension is a major public health concern. We recently demonstrated that plasma levels of the soluble form of the prorenin receptor (sPRR) were elevated in obesity-associated hypertension. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the contribution of sPRR to blood pressure (BP) elevation in the context of obesity. High fat–fed C57BL/6 male mice were infused with vehicle or sPRR (30 µg/kg per day) via subcutaneously implanted osmotic minipump for 4 weeks. BP parameters were recorded using radiotelemetry devices. Male mice infused with sPRR exhibited higher systolic BP and mean arterial pressure and lower spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity than mice infused with vehicle. To define mechanisms involved in systolic BP elevation, mice were injected with an AT1R (Ang II [angiotensin II] type 1 receptor) antagonist (losartan), a muscarinic receptor antagonist (atropine), a β-adrenergic antagonist (propranolol), and a ganglionic blocker (chlorisondamine). Losartan did not blunt sPRR-induced elevation in systolic BP. Chlorisondamine treatment exacerbated the decrease in mean arterial pressure in male mice infused with sPRR. These results demonstrated that sPRR induced autonomic nervous dysfunction. Interestingly, plasma leptin levels were increased in high fat–fed C57BL/6 male mice infused with sPRR. Overall, our results indicated that sPRR increased systolic BP through an impairment of the baroreflex sensitivity and an increase in the sympathetic tone potentially mediated by leptin in high fat–fed C57BL/6 male mice.
Intrathecal Administration of Losartan Reduces Directly Recorded Cardiac Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Ovine Heart Failure
Authors: Leversha Simon , Allen Andrew M. , May Clive N. , Ramchandra Rohit
Published: August 2019

Early and preferential activation of cardiac sympathetic nerve activity (CSNA) is one of the strongest prognostic markers of heart failure (HF) in patients. Our previous studies have implicated central angiotensin mechanisms as playing a critical role in generating this increase in cardiac sympathetic drive. However, it is unclear if inhibition of AT
1
R (angiotensin type-1 receptors) in different neural groups in the sympathetic pathway to the heart, such as the sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the intermediolateral column of the spinal cord, can reduce cardiac sympathetic drive. We hypothesized that in HF, localized intrathecal administration of the AT
1
R antagonist losartan, specifically into the T1-2 subarachnoid space, would decrease CSNA. In normal conscious sheep, intrathecal infusion of Ang II (angiotensin II; 3.0 nmol/mL per hour), significantly increased mean arterial pressure and CSNA; this effect was abolished by prior administration of losartan (1 mg/h). In an ovine rapid ventricular pacing model of HF, the resting levels of heart rate and CSNA were significantly elevated compared with normals. Intrathecal infusion of losartan (1 mg/h) in HF significantly reduced CSNA and heart rate but did not change arterial pressure. The AT
1
R binding density in the spinal cord was also elevated in the HF group. Our data suggest that AT
1
Rs within the spinal cord are responsible, in part, for the increased CSNA in HF and may represent a target for the selective reduction of CSNA in HF.
Post–Myocardial Infarction Scar With Fat Deposition Shows Specific Electrophysiological Properties and Worse Outcome After Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation
Authors: Cheniti Ghassen , Sridi Soumaya , Sacher Frederic , Chaumeil Arnaud , Pillois Xavier , Takigawa Masateru , Frontera Antonio , Vlachos Konstantinos , Martin Claire A. , Teijeira Elvis , Kitamura Takeshi , Lam Anna , Bourier Felix , Puyo Stephane , Duchateau Josselin , Denis Arnaud , Pambrun Thomas , Chauvel Remi , Derval Nicolas , Laurent François , Montaudon Michel , Hocini Meleze , Haissaguerre Michel , Jais Pierre , Cochet Hubert
Published: August 2019

Background

Fat deposition (
FD
) is part of the healing process after myocardial infarction. The characteristics of
FD
and its impact on the outcome in patients undergoing ventricular tachycardia (
VT
) ablation have not been thoroughly studied.

Methods and Results

We studied consecutive patients undergoing post–myocardial infarction
VT
ablation with pre‐procedural cardiac computed tomography.
FD
was defined as intra‐myocardial attenuation ≤ −30 
HU
on computed tomography. Clinical, anatomical, and post‐procedural outcome was assessed in the overall population. Electrophysiological characteristics were assessed is a subgroup of patients with high‐density electro‐anatomical maps. Sixty‐nine patients were included (66±12 years).
FD
was detected in 44 (64%) patients. The presence of
FD
related to scar age (odds ratio [OR]: 1.14 per year;
P
=0.001) and scar extent (
OR
: 1.27 per segment;
P
=0.02). On electro‐anatomical maps,
FD
was characterized by lower bipolar amplitude (
P
<0.001) and prolonged electrogram duration (
P
<0.001). Although the proportion of local abnormal ventricular activation was similar (
P
=0.22), local abnormal ventricular activation showed lower amplitude (
P
<0.001) and were more delayed (
P
<0.001) in scars with
FD
. After a mean follow‐up of 26 months, patients with
FD
experienced a worse outcome including all‐cause mortality and
VT
recurrence (70% versus 28%,
P
log rank=0.009). On multivariate analysis,
FD
(hazard ratio=2.69; 95%
CI
, 1.12–6.46;
P
=0.027) and left ventricular systolic dysfunction (hazard ratio=2.57; 95%
CI
, 1.13–5.85;
P
=0.024) were independent predictors of adverse outcomes.

Conclusions

FD
in patients with post–myocardial infarction
VT
undergoing catheter ablation relates to scar age and size and may be a marker of adverse outcomes including all‐cause mortality and
VT
recurrence.
Synopsis of the Cochylini (Tortricidae: Tortricinae: Cochylini) of Iran, with the description of a new species
Authors: ALIPANAH HELEN
Published: August 2019

Eighty-two species of Cochylini are recorded from Iran. Previous studies dealing with the tribe are summarized, and new data on the distribution of the Iranian species are provided. Aethes kandovana sp. n. is described; three genera, viz. Ceratoxanthis Razowski, Gynnidomorpha Turner, and Cochylidia Obraztsov, and the species Phtheochroa durbonana (Lhomme), P. syrtana Ragonot, P. inopiana (Haworth), P. decipiens (Walsingham), P. kenneli Obraztsov, P. subfumida (Falkovitsch), Cochylimorpha alternana (Stephens), C. armeniana (Joannis), C. kurdistana (Amsel), C. langeana (Kalchberg), C. montana (Razowski), C. nodulana (Möschler), C. nuristana (Razowski), Phalonidia manniana (Fischer von Röslerstamm), Gynnidomorpha permixtana ([Denis & Schiffermüller]), Ceratoxanthis iberica Baixeras, Eugnosta lathoniana (Hübner), Aethes conversana (Walsingham), A. deutschiana (Zetterstedt), A. eichleri Razowski, A. fennicana (Toll), A. scalana (Zerny), A. williana (Brahm), Cochylidia moguntiana Roessler, C. rupicola (Curtis), C. implicitana (Wocke), and Diceratura ostrinana (Guenée) are newly reported. The previously unknown male of Cochylimorpha fluens (Razowski) and the previously unknown females of C. scrophulana Razowski and C. montana (Razowski) are described.
Making biodiversity discovery more efficient: An exploratory test using Mexican birds
Authors: PETERSON A. TOWNSEND , NAVARRO-SIGÜENZA ADOLFO G.
Published: August 2019

Recent studies have explored the possible utility of ecological niche modeling as a tool for species discovery, with promising initial results, but no detailed test has as-yet evaluated the success or failure rates of the method. We use a comprehensive distributional summary for the birds of Mexico to develop a test, in which well-known and broadlydistributed species are used to predict the distributional areas of poorly-known congener species. The results indicated that all of the ‘unknown’ species chosen for testing were predicted significantly better than random expectations by the ecological characteristics of at least one well-known congener species. These results bode well for broader applications of using biodiversity informatics tools to guide species discovery, but further testing and development of protocols is still needed.
Podargus brachypterus vs. macrorhynchus: misuse of Article 32.5.1.1 of the Code
Authors: SCHODDE RICHARD
Published: August 2019

Dickinson et al. (2009) argued that the in-use name brachypterus Gould, 1841 for the western Australian subspecies of the Tawny Frogmouth (Aves: Podargus strigoides) must be replaced by macrorhynchus Gould, 1841. The latter was an alternative but unused name published for the frogmouth in the same paper (Gould 1841). In justifying their action, Dickinson et al. (2009) pointed out that brachypterus had been “erased” in a corrigendum to the paper. Then, resting their case on Art. 32.5.1.1 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN 1999), hereafter the Code, they went on to assume that such a correction was “clear evidence” that brachypterus was “an inadvertent error” in spelling. Therefore, they concluded, macrorhynchus was the “correct original spelling”.
New Cimbrophlebiidae (Insecta: Mecoptera) from the Early Eocene at McAbee, British Columbia, Canada and Republic, Washington, USA
Authors: ARCHIBALD S. BRUCE
Published: August 2019

Four new scorpionfly species of the family Cimbrophlebiidae (Mecoptera) are described in the genus Cimbrophlebia Willmann from two localities of the far-western North American Early Eocene Okanagan Highlands: C. flabelliformis sp. n. and C. leahyi sp. n. from McAbee, British Columbia, Canada; and C. brooksi sp. n. and C. westae, sp. n. from Republic, Washington, U.S.A. A further, partially preserved specimen of a large cimbrophlebiid from McAbee is treated as Cimbrophlebia sp. A. This is the first record of the extinct family in the Western Hemisphere, which was previously known with confidence from the Early Eocene of Denmark (C. bittaciformis Willmann) and the Jurassic of Germany (Malmocimbrophlebia buergeri Bechly & Schweigert and an undescribed genus and species); Telobittacus fragosus Zhang from Early Cretaceous of China may also belong to the family. These Okanagan Highlands occurrences further reflect Early Eocene cross-North Atlantic distributions that have been well documented in plants and mammals, and are increasingly seen in insects.
Revision of the Oriental species of the Bengalia peuhi speciesgroup (Diptera, Calliphoridae)
Authors: ROGNES KNUT
Published: August 2019

The Oriental species of the Bengalia peuhi species-group are revised and their male genitalia illustrated by means of digital colour photography. A key to males is presented, complete synonymies are given for all the species and their geographical distribution reconsidered. The 13 Oriental species making up the group are: Bengalia emarginata Malloch, 1927 (China, Laos, Malaysia, Nepal, Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam); B. emarginatoides sp. nov. (India, Sri Lanka); B. emdeniella (Lehrer, 2005), comb. nov. (China); B. fani Feng & Wei, 1998 (China); B. inermis Malloch, 1927 (Philippines); B. latro de Meijere, 1910 (Indonesia); B. lyneborgi James, 1966 (Philippines); B. pseudovaricolor Kurahashi & Tumrasvin, 1979 (Thailand); B. surcoufi Senior-White, 1923 (India, Nepal, Pakistan, Vietnam); B. taksina (Lehrer, 2005), comb. nov. (Laos, Malaysia, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam); B. unicolor Séguy, 1946 (Pakistan); B. varicolor (Fabricius, 1805) (China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Pakistan, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam); and B. weii sp. nov. (China). A lectotype is designated for Bengalia latro to fix the interpretation of the name. Bengalia bezzii Senior-White, 1923 is established as a junior synonym of Musca varicolor Fabricius, 1805, syn. nov. Bengalia chromatella Séguy, 1946 and Bengalia pallidicoxa Séguy, 1946 are treated as junior synonyms of Musca varicolor Fabricius, 1805, syn. nov. Afridigalia bezziella Lehrer, 2005 is established as a junior synonym of Bengalia emarginata Malloch, 1927, syn. nov. Afridigalia pinatuba Lehrer, 2005 and Ashokiana ramsdalei Lehrer, 2005 are established as junior synonyms of Bengalia inermis Malloch, 1927, syn. nov. Ashokiana ramsdalei and Afridigalia laguna Lehrer, 2005 are both based on a holotype with a partly destroyed aedeagus. Afridigalia tenggeria Lehrer, 2006 is established as a junior synonym of Bengalia latro de Meijere, 1910, syn. nov. Afridigalia thaisia Lehrer, 2008 is established as a junior synonym of Afridigalia taksina Lehrer, 2005, syn. nov. The Afrotropical Afridigalia walkeriana Lehrer, 2005 is established as a junior synonym of Bengalia depressa Walker, 1858, syn. nov. The Afrotropical Afridigalia zouloupyga Lehrer, 2006 is established as a junior synonym of Bengalia floccosa Wulp, 1885, syn. nov. Afridigalia arawakia Lehrer, 2006 is established as a junior synonym of Bengalia peuhi Villeneuve, 1914, syn. nov. Bengalia taiwanensis Fan, 1965, not a member of the peuhi species-group, is established as a junior synonym of Bengalia fuscipennis Bezzi, 1913, syn. nov. Sri Lanka is deleted from the distributional range of this species. New morphological terms are introduced for the description of the aedeagus. The ovipositor is described for Bengalia emarginata and Bengalia lyneborgi. A preliminary phylogenetic analysis is performed using NONA and Pee-Wee.
Studies toward a World Catalog of Symphyta (Hymenoptera)
Authors: BLANK STEPHAN M. , TAEGER ANDREAS , LISTON ANDREW D. , SMITH DAVID R. , RASNITSYN ALEXANDR P. , SHINOHARA AKIHIKO , HEIDEMAA MIKK , VIITASAARI MATTI
Published: August 2019

Taxonomic and nomenclatorial changes affecting Symphyta, resulting from work on a forthcoming world catalog, are proposed and explained. Dolerus zhelochovtsevi Heidemaa & Viitasaari, sp. nov. is described. One former subgenus and two former subspecies are now treated at genus or species level, respectively. Eighteen replacement names are given, 73 new synonymies and 78 new combinations are proposed, 3 synonymies are re-established, and 5 names are resurrected from synonymy. The precedence of 18 species names (nomina protecta) over their older synonyms (20 nomina oblita) is explained. Type species are designated for 8 genus-group names. One neotype and 17 lectotypes are designated. Five names described as varieties are assigned infrasubspecific rank. Twenty-five genus-group names associated with Arge, Corynis, Dolerus, Trichiosoma and Xyela are unavailable. Two genus-group names and 33 species-group names are considered as unplaced taxa. An identification key is presented for the West Palaearctic species of Profenusa MacGillivray, 1914. Notes on publication dates and authorships of names of certain taxa are also included.
A Revision of the Tetrasphaeropyx Ashmead Lineage of the Genus Aleiodes Wesmael (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Rogadinae)
Authors: FORTIER JOSEPH C.
Published: August 2019

In this revision, seventy-two Aleiodes (Tetrasphaeropyx) species are described of which 28 are recently described species and 43 are new species. A morphological phylogenetic analysis provided to test the monophyly of the group using Aleiodes coxalis-group species as the out-group provides evidence for the monophyly of the A. (Tetrasphaeropyx) group, which is herein classified as a subgenus of Aleiodes Wesmael. A. coxalis-group species were used as the outgroup because previous work has shown that the A. (Tetrasphaeropyx) lineage falls at the apex of the A. coxalis-group. A dichotomous key to all species is provided as well as a glossary of terminology, illustrations referred to in the key, host information, and geographical collection information. Aleiodes (Tetrasphaeropyx) is easily distinguished from other Aleiodes species by the sculptured, carapace-like metasomal tergite IV. Host associations herein reported for about 35% of all A. (Tetrasphaeropyx) species suggest that the group exclusively attacks larvae of Geometridae. Aleiodes (Tetrasphaeropyx) species treated in this study are as follows: A. accohannocki n. sp., A. alafuscus n. sp., A. anatariatus Fortier, A. aquaedulcensis Fortier, A. aranamai n. sp., A. arcticus (Thomson), A. areolatus Fortier, A. argyllacearivorax Fortier, A. arikarai n. sp., A. assateaguenus n. sp., A. axaceei n. sp., A. bretti n. sp., A. brevicellula Fortier, A. cartwrightensis Fortier, A. catherinensis Fortier, A. chisosi n. sp., A. chumashanus n. sp., A. citriscutum Fortier, A. cochisensis Fortier, A. copiosus n. sp., A. crassijugosus Fortier, A. dabai n. sp., A. dakotensis Fortier, A. dissiticarina Fortier, A. dorsofoveolatus Fortier, A. exiguus n. sp., A. fernaldellavorax Fortier, A. flavinotaulus Fortier, A. haematoxyloni Fortier, A. halifaxensis Fortier, A. hiisiis n. sp., A. huberi Fortier, A. illiniweki n. sp., A. iowensis n. sp., A. itamevorus Shaw and Marsh, A. jaliscoensis Fortier, A. karankawai n. sp., A. kisomm n. sp., A. kohook n. sp., A. luhmanin. sp., A. magnoculus n. sp., A. maheono n. sp., A. maidunus n. sp., A. mannegishii n. sp., A. marinensis n. sp., A. maritimus Shaw and Marsh, A. min n. sp., A. nigrilatus n. sp., A. oaxacensis Fortier, A. parabretti n. sp., A. paracopiosus n. sp., A. paraluhmani n. sp., A. parareolatus n. sp., A. paraselu n. sp., A. parasquilaxensis n. sp., A. pilosus (Cresson), A. pooedooa n. sp., A. provancheri Fortier, A. pseudoanatariatus n. sp., A. quickei Fortier, A. quiniguanus n. sp., A. reisi Fortier and Sherman, A. sarceei n. sp., A. secwepemc Fortier, A. selu n. sp., A. sexmaculativorax Fortier, A. shawi Fortier, A. squilaxensis n. sp., A. totuyai n. sp., A. tulensis Fortier, A. tullyi Fortier, and A. wicayazipa Fortier.
Annotated review and discussion of phylogenetically important characters for families and subfamilies of Gelechioidea (Insecta: Lepidoptera)
Authors: BUCHELI SIBYL RAE
Published: August 2019

Gelechioidea is a large, diverse superfamily of microlepidoptera that is difficult to characterize due to its species richness. The main working taxonomic unit for Gelechioidea seems to be the subfamily level, although many researchers use the taxonomy of family and subfamily interchangeably. Some researchers believe the superfamily should be split into several superfamilies to better diagnose lineages. Only recently have there been attempts at comprehensive treatments that aim to address world fauna of the entire superfamily rather than focusing on a few local families. This work reviews the revisional history of Gelechioidea, focusing on major taxonomic publications. It also addresses character state delineation and terminology for many taxa in some cases establishing equivalence across authors for the first time. Finally, it reviews major trends in phylogenetics and classification of the megadiverse lineage Gelechioidea.
A new species and nine new records of Syllidae (Annelida) from the Socotra Archipelago (Indian Ocean)
Authors: RODRÍGUEZ YOLANDA LUCAS , SAN MARTÍN GUILLERMO , FIEGE DIETER
Published: August 2019

In this paper, we report 10 species of Syllidae, collected in the Socotra Archipelago (Indian Ocean). They belong to eight different genera in four subfamilies namely, Syllinae: Haplosyllis Langerhans, 1879, Megasyllis San Martín, Hutchings & Aguado, 2008, Opisthosyllis Langerhans, 1879, Trypanosyllis Claparède, 1864; Eusyllinae: Eusyllis Malmgren, 1867, Odontosyllis Claparède, 1863; Exogoninae: Salvatoria McIntosh, 1885; and Autolytinae: Myrianida Milne Edwards, 1845. Trypanosyllis mercedesae n. sp., is here formally described and distinguished from congeners. Trypanosyllis richardi Gravier, 1900 is re-described, adding important taxonomic information to the original description, based on specimens collected from Djibouti (Gulf of Aden). We provide new insight into the reproduction of Megasyllis heterosetosa (Hartmann-Schröder, 1991) with the description of a specimen with an attached female dicerous stolon, full of oocytes. Odontosyllis polycera (Schmarda, 1861) is described because it is newly recorded for the Indian Ocean. We also provide some remarks about Myrianida pachycera (Augener, 1913), collected with a chain of stolons.
Local Atmosphere–Ocean Predictability: Dynamical Origins, Lead Times, and Seasonality
Authors: Bach Eviatar , Motesharrei Safa , Kalnay Eugenia , Ruiz-Barradas Alfredo
Published: August 2019

Due to the physical coupling between atmosphere and ocean, information about the ocean helps to better predict the future of the atmosphere, and in turn, information about the atmosphere helps to better predict the ocean. Here, we investigate the spatial and temporal nature of this predictability: where, for how long, and at what frequencies does the ocean significantly improve prediction of the atmosphere, and vice versa? We apply Granger causality, a statistical test to measure whether a variable improves prediction of another, to local time series of sea surface temperature (SST) and low-level atmospheric variables. We calculate the detailed spatial structure of the atmosphere-to-ocean and ocean-to-atmosphere predictability. We find that the atmosphere improves prediction of the ocean most in the extratropics, especially in regions of large SST gradients. This atmosphere-to-ocean predictability is weaker but longer-lived in the tropics, where it can last for several months in some regions. On the other hand, the ocean improves prediction of the atmosphere most significantly in the tropics, where this predictability lasts for months to over a year. However, we find a robust signature of the ocean on the atmosphere almost everywhere in the extratropics, an influence that has been difficult to demonstrate with model studies. We find that both the atmosphere-to-ocean and ocean-to-atmosphere predictability are maximal at low frequencies, and both are larger in the summer hemisphere. The patterns we observe generally agree with dynamical understanding and the results of the Kalnay dynamical rule, which diagnoses the direction of forcing between the atmosphere and ocean by considering the local phase relationship between simultaneous sea surface temperature and vorticity anomaly signals. We discuss applications to coupled data assimilation.
Variability of Sea Level and Upper-Ocean Heat Content in the Indian Ocean: Effects of Subtropical Indian Ocean Dipole and ENSO
Authors: Zhang Lei , Han Weiqing , Li Yuanlong , Lovenduski Nicole S.
Published: August 2019

In this study, the Indian Ocean upper-ocean variability associated with the subtropical Indian Ocean dipole (SIOD) is investigated. We find that the SIOD is associated with a prominent southwest–northeast sea level anomaly (SLA) dipole over the western-central south Indian Ocean, with the north pole located in the Seychelles–Chagos thermocline ridge (SCTR) and the south pole at southeast of Madagascar, which is different from the distribution of the sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA). While the thermocline depth and upper-ocean heat content anomalies mirror SLAs, the air–sea CO2 flux anomalies associated with SIOD are controlled by SSTA. In the SCTR region, the westward propagation of oceanic Rossby waves generated by anomalous winds over the eastern tropical Indian Ocean is the major cause for the SLAs, with cyclonic wind causing negative SLAs during positive SIOD (pSIOD). Local wind forcing is the primary driver for the SLAs southeast of Madagascar, with anticyclonic winds causing positive SLAs. Since the SIOD is correlated with ENSO, the relative roles of the SIOD and ENSO are examined. We find that while ENSO can induce significant SLAs in the SCTR region through an atmospheric bridge, it has negligible impact on the SLA to the southeast of Madagascar. By contrast, the SIOD with ENSO influence removed is associated with an opposite SLA in the SCTR and southeast of Madagascar, corresponding to the SLA dipole identified above. A new subtropical dipole mode index (SDMI) is proposed, which is uncorrelated with ENSO and thus better represents the pure SIOD effect.
The Catholic Charismatic Renewal Through the Eyes of St. Thomas Aquinas
Authors: Newton William
Published: August 2019

The Catholic Charismatic Renewal has now passed its fiftieth birthday. Yet, it still seems very much on the fringes of the life of the Catholic Church. Perhaps one reason for this is that, for many Catholics, the Renewal appears to be, more or less, an innovation. One way to check the validity of that perception would be to take a look at the Renewal through the theology of one of the most mainstream of Catholic theologians, St. Thomas Aquinas. This is possible because Aquinas wrote about the charisms in a number of his works. The conclusion of this essay is that the key elements of the Renewal are conformable to the theological vision of St. Thomas. Nonetheless, there are a number of areas where Aquinas diverges from the standard interpretation of charismatic phenomena within the Renewal. This essay will side with Aquinas on some of these, but not all.
Mindfulness interventions in schools: Integrity and feasibility of implementation
Authors: Emerson Lisa-Marie , de Diaz Natalja Nabinger , Sherwood Ashra , Waters Allison , Farrell Lara
Published: August 2019

Research on mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) has proliferated in recent years and the integration of mindfulness-based programs in school settings has been at the forefront of implementation research. Recent reviews of studies evaluating the efficacy of school-based mindfulness programs have produced mixed findings, which may in part be due to methodological differences across studies to date, as well as adaptations of MBIs in order to implement them within school settings. For example, there are vast differences across studies in the content, delivery, and training requirements of school-based MBIs, which may influence both fidelity and efficacy. This systematic review aimed to synthesize the literature on the implementation of school-based MBIs and determine the degree to which the interventions align to standards for MBIs. A systematic search identified studies evaluating the effects of a school-based MBI on mental health outcomes in schools, utilizing quantitative and qualitative designs. The results draw comparison across the identified MBIs in relation to intervention integrity, and teacher training and competence according to existing standards. The findings indicate a poor alignment to all standards; for example, intervention integrity was indicated in 45% of studies that included core mindfulness practices, and standards of teacher training were met in 26% of studies. In addition, the feasibility design of studies is critiqued against recommended standards. Despite claims from many studies, feasibility has not yet been established for school settings. Feasibility studies have failed to adequately assess organizational factors that influence implementation. The lack of detail and consistency in reporting across studies is a particular limitation of the field of research, which may have disadvantaged the assessment of studies against stringent guidelines. The ongoing challenges to developing an evidence base for school-based MBIs as well as to implementation are discussed. Recommendations for future directions in implementation science of mindfulness interventions within a school context are provided.
The role of perceived bullying norms in friendship dynamics: An examination of friendship selection and influence on bullying and victimization
Authors: Shin Huiyoung
Published: August 2019

The current study examined whether youth’s perceived bullying norms play a role in friendship dynamics related to bullying and victimization among the fifth and sixth grade ( N = 736, 52% girls at Wave 1, N = 677, 52% girls at Wave 2) in elementary schools. Youth completed peer nominations (friendship, bullying, and victimization) and a self-reported measure of perceived bullying norms in the classroom. With longitudinal social network analysis (RSiena), this study investigated selection and influence of friends in bullying and victimization as well as the moderating role of perceived bullying norms in these processes. Results indicated that high bullying youth received many friendship nominations and tended to be more influenced by high bullying friends. In addition, highly victimized youth tended to form friendships with highly victimized peers, and youth whose friends are highly victimized became highly victimized themselves over time. As hypothesized, youth’s perceived bullying norms moderated these processes. As youth perceived higher bullying norms, the greater was the tendency for high bullying youth to select high bullying peers as friends and to be influenced by high bullying friends. Likewise, friend influence on victimization was magnified when youth perceived high bullying norms. The current study underscores the importance of youth’s perceived bullying norms in friendship dynamics of bullying and victimization.