bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Safety Climate on Safety Behaviour: the Mediating Role of Safety Motivation and Safety Knowledge
Authors: Septian Fariz , Haryanto Budhi
Published: November 2023

Safety behavior is an important element in maintaining safety and preventing accidents. This study aims to analyze the effect of the safety climate on safety behavior through safety motivation and safety knowledge as mediating variables. Type of this research is explanatory research with a quantitative approach. The population of this research is the crew machinist of PT. KeretaApi Indonesia (Persero), amounting to 3000 machinists with the sampling technique using purposive sampling with a sample size of 100 respondents. The data collection method used a questionnaire. The data analysis method used is the path analysis method using the Smart PLS tool. The partial results of hypothesis testing of the safety climate have a positive and significant effect on safety motivation. The safety climate has a positive and significant effect on safety knowledge. The safety climate has a positive and significant effect on safety behavior. Safety motivation has a positive and significant effect on safety behavior. Safety knowledge has a positive and significant effect on safety behavior. The results of testing the indirect effect of using or mediation found that safety motivation and safety knowledge were able to mediate the effect of safety climate on safety behavior
Comparative Analysis of Track Access Charge (TAC) Calculation Using Full Costing and Pricing Methods for Cement Train in Java
Authors: Hermawan Candy Alfan , Djuminah
Published: November 2023

Train operators that utilize state-owned railway infrastructure are obliged to pay a Track Access Charge (TAC). In Indonesia, the TAC formula employed is based on the full costing method. However, this TAC calculation formula does not currently accommodate the policies of multiple operators with varying types of train services and infrastructure. An alternative method for calculating TAC, known as the pricing method is available. In this research, TAC calculations were performed using both the full costing and pricing methods for freight trains in the Java region. From the TAC calculations using both methods, a comparison was made to determine the differences in the results, providing insights and references to the government in formulating policies and regulations related to the development of a relevant TAC formula for railway operators. The full costing method's TAC calculation is contingent on priority factors, while the pricing method's TAC calculation depends on axle load, axle count, unsprung mass, and train speed. Components of the pricing method's calculation directly influence the impact on railway infrastructure damage. In conclusion, the pricing method for TAC is considered fairer and more pertinent for all railway operators when making TAC payments to the government.
The Influence of Leadership Style and Work Motivation on the Performance of Employees in the Cooperatives, Micro-business, Trade and Industry Office of Tanah Bumbu Regency, South Kalimantan Province
Authors: Sri Bintari Endah , Kadir Abdul , Jayen Fredy , Amrulloh Rifqi , Yunistin. L.R Susy
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of leadership style and work motivation on the performance of employees in cooperatives, micro- enterprises, trade and industry in Tanah Bumbu district, South Kalimantan province. The method used is correlational research with a quantitative approach which aims to provide a fairly clear picture of the influence of leadership style and work motivation on the performance of employees at the Cooperative, Micro Enterprise, Trade and Industry Office of Tanah Bumbu Regency, South Kalimantan Province. The research was conducted on 36 employees of the Department of Cooperatives, Micro Enterprises, Trade and Industry and was conducted for a month. The results showed that leadership style and work motivation have a significant simultaneous effect on employee performance, and leadership style and work motivation have a partial significant effect on employee performance, and leadership style is a variable that has a dominant effect on employee performance in the Department of Cooperatives, Micro Enterprises, Trade and Industry of Tanah Bumbu Regency, South Kalimantan.
Autoimmune Encephalitis, a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenge in the Intensive Care Unit.
Authors: Cordero David Sanabria , Alberto Ignacio , de Jesus Mendez , Trejo-Rosas Saúl , Ortega Labra Yuridia Marisela , Damián Flores Sonia , Rosa Vázquez Juan José De La , Jacobo Castro María Verónica , Rodríguez María de las Nieves Hernández , Barragan Aurora Medrano , Omar Avendaño Hernández Francisco , Galicia de Jesús Miriam , Quirino Garcia Karen , Meneses Cisneros Betzahida , Avalos Garcia Magdalena , Velázquez Rivera Adriana Desireé
Published: November 2023

Autoimmune encephalitis is a progressive inflammation of the brain, from acute to subacute, associated with antibodies against neuronal cell surface and synaptic protein, most commonly encephalitis against the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. New significant findings on etiology show that autoimmune encephalitis is triggered by several etiologies, for example neoplastic processes (breast, lung, kidney, thyroid cancer, ovarian teratoma, and B-cell lymphoma) but also by infections of the nervous system, such as herpes encephalitis. Antibodies against neuronal surface structures are usually direct pathogens and develop their effect through internalization of target proteins, through receptor blockade or complement activation. The type and titer of the antibody e.g. against NMDA receptors, Gamma Amino Butyric (GABA), αAmino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors or voltage-gated potassium channel complexes. An associated tumor, biomarkers, imaging studies, and cerebrospinal fluid are decisive for the prognosis. We present the clinical case of a male patient in the fourth decade of life who is diagnosed with autoimmune encephalitis, we will address the diagnosis and treatment
Dietary Diversity and Determinants of Nutritional Status of Primary School Children in Anambra State, Nigeria.
Authors: Tochukwu Ilo Onyeje, Blessing , Ifeyinwa Clementine , Ifeyinwa Doris Onwuekwe , Kingsley Onyeje, Chigozie
Published: November 2023

Proper nutrition accomplished through consumption of diverse foods is very vital as it provides the foundation for optimum health, strength, cognitive development and academic achievement, especially during the school age. Aim: this study aimed at assessing dietary diversity and determinants of nutritional status of primary school children in Anambra State, Nigeria. Materials and methods: a descriptive cross-sectional survey involving primary school children from two selected local government areas (one urban and one rural) of Anambra State was carried out over a 3-month period. A total of 637 participants comprising 297 males and 340 females were selected using multistage sampling technique. Interviewer-administered questionnaires were used to obtain needed information from the pupils and their parents/guardians. Anthropometric parameters such as height and weight were measured using a digital scale and a measuring tape. Nutritional status was determined using the WHO AnthroPlus version 1.0.4 and data was analyzed using SPSS version 25. Results: Findings revealed that 69.54% of study participants had medium dietary diversity score and the least consumed food groups were animal products (7.2%). The results further showed that 146 pupils (22.92%) had at least one form of malnutrition with the prevalence of wasting, stunting, overweight and obesity being 6.9%, 5.5%, 5.3% and 5.2%, respectively. Findings also suggested that male gender and large family size predicted the likelihood of stunting; while urban residence, attending private school, belonging to high socio-economic class increased the likelihood of overweight and obesity. Conclusion: The present study showed that a high percentage of the population had normal nutritional status while only a small proportion was stunted, wasted, overweight or obese. Factors such as place of residence, family size, birth order, type of school, parental educational level and socio-economic status had significant impact on nutritional status.
English Linguistics Theory for subtype complementary feature in comparison to Javanese Linguistics
Authors: Maharani Putri , Yassi Abdul Hakim , Rahman Fathu
Published: November 2023

Dixon is one of the most influential linguists in English Language Studies that proposed the idea of semantic approach in English grammatical analysis. He divided the types of verbs into six categories, including Primary A and Primary B types; and Secondary A, Secondary B, Secondary C, and Secondary D types. In Primary B types, he mentioned “attention” verbs with all of their possible syntactic properties. The “look” subtype, which is one of the subcategories of these “attention” verbs were mentioned of not allowing the existence of that-complement in the O slot. This study was initiated to illicit an extension of Dixon’s idea regarding this syntactic property of that-complement in the O slot of “look” subtype through the analysis of Javanese language structure. Based on the findings from the Javanese language corpus on SEALang Library, there were eight out of 22 samples of verbs (around 36 percent) that Dixon mentioned in the “look” subtype having that-complement in the form of “sing”, “kang”, and “ingkang” in their O slots. In the Javanese translation, these eight verbs consisted of “mirengaken”, “madosi”, “mandeng”, “ndeleng”, “mirsani”, “nginguk”, and “mriksa”. Most of the verbs appeared in the register of ngoko lugu, as this type of language records the most common utilization by the Javanese society. The findings confirmed that Dixon’s idea regarding the disallowance of that-complement in O slot of “look” subtype verbs could not be universally applied.
Worldwide research productivity and tendency of online English learning a bibliometric analysis (2011-2021)
Authors: Hardiyanti Sri , Pammu Abidin , Nasmilah Nasmilah
Published: November 2023

This study was aimed to illustrate the global research productivity and the tendency of online English learning in recent years (2011-2021). Researchers investigated 922 articles in Google Scholar, which was retrieved via Publish or Perish. A bibliometric methodology was adopted in this study. The data was analyzed to reveal prominent articles distribution from 2011 to 2021, most productive journals, popular keywords and most-cited articles. This study revealed that from the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic (2020-2021), the research productivity in online English learning topics showed a significant increase. IEEexplore was the most productive publisher, followed by CNKI and Springer. The top 10 most-cited articles mainly were written by authors from a developed country. Furthermore, the analysis of the keyword was assisted by VOSviewer software. The result presented the most frequent keyword, including "covid" with (155) occurrences, "online learning" (191) occurrences, "pandemic" (124) occurrences, "technology" (89) occurrences, keyword "platform" with (67) occurrences. The most tendency topics in different years were students' perception, students’ motivation, teachnology and the online learning environment. Further areas of inquiry to advance research in online English Learning were suggested, including teaching strategies on online English learning, online English vocabularies, and reflection of online English teaching.
Designing math learning through teaching the material " Number Patterns " by developing means to train students' reasoning skills
Authors: In'am Akhsanul , Maghfiroh Wasiattul , Rachmawati Nadiya Itsnaini
Published: November 2023

Reasoning and mathematics cannot be separated because solving problems requires reasoning. This research aims to create learning materials for numerical models in an Islamic context to develop students' mathematical reasoning abilities. This research is design research with a type of development research. The process consists of two stages, namely the preliminary stage and the prototyping stage, with the Tessmer process consisting of 5 stages (self-assessment, expert assessment, individual, small group, and ongoing school trials). The results of the analysis of student responses at the field test stage, especially research topic essays for junior high school students, classified the fifth reasoning ability. Numerical modelling learning material can influence mathematical reasoning abilities because most students have good reasoning abilities
The effectiveness of online learning during the covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Ferri Putri Siera
Published: November 2023

This study aimed to obtain information about the effectiveness of the online learning process in the Covid-19 pandemic. The study uses explorative qualitative methods with an inductive approach. In this study, the respondents involved were five people from SDN 01 Sape Kabupaten Bima, consisting of 1 teacher, two student guardians, and two students. To maintain the confidentiality of respondents’ identities, researchers gave the names of respondents P1, P2, P3, P4, and P5. The interviews were conducted in a structured manner with questions compiled and linked and developed with related literature. Weak supervision of students, lack of signal strength in remote areas, and expensive quota fees are challenges in online learning. The results of this study are less effective online learning because of the lack of facilities and infrastructure and the unpreparedness of technological education.
The improving the psychological well-being through forgiveness cyber-counselling approach among pandemic covid-19 community
Authors: Hafnidar Hafnidar , Junita Nursan , Al Kaitsar Aidilof Hafidz
Published: November 2023

Public health status during the Covid-19 pandemic is quite concerning, while mental health services such as counseling require face-to-face meetings for 1-2 hours per session are risky to practices.  Therefore cyber-therapy techniques are one of the psychological intervention approaches during the Covid-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the forgiveness cyber-counseling approach to improve community psychological well-being during the Covid-19 pandemic. The study used a quasi-experimental design. The psychological well-being level was measured during pre-test, post-test, and follow-up. A total of five-person to be subject in this study. Subjects were selected using the purposive sampling technique based on inclusion criteria such as adolescents who were impacted by the covid-19 pandemic, have low psychological well-being were obtained by the Psychological Well-Being Scale, and signed a commitment to participate in the study. The results of this study indicate that the forgiveness of cyber-counseling to be effective in increasing the subject's psychological well-being. Finally, the study’s result recommended for counselors use the forgiveness cyber-counseling approach in dealing with public mental health problems during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Kiai's leadership in realizing independence through the motivation and communication process (case study in Pesantren At Tanwir)
Authors: Witono Suhadi , Arifin Miftah , Putra Dhian Wahana
Published: November 2023

This study aims to describe and analyze the motivation and communication patterns of the santri (students of an Islamic boarding house or pesantren) to the Kiai (the leader of a pesantren, a kiai is also a religious leader in society) and the community in realizing the pesantren’s independence in Pesantren Kopi At-Tanwir. This research employs a qualitative approach with a case study design. This research reveals some points; first, the motivational patterns developed by the Kiai are: immersing confidence and belief in students and the community, engrossing an entrepreneurial spirit verbally by exemplary, and friendship with all stakeholders, both the community and government officials. Second, the communication patterns developed by the Kiai are direct or verbal communication, open communication, and communication through symbols.
Taxonomy of spiritual quotient learning outcomes: An insight from tasawwuf perspective
Authors: Muslih Moh.
Published: November 2023

The spiritual quotient (SQ) has a vital role in humans because it serves as the foundation of other intelligence, i.e. intelligence quotient (IQ) and emotional quotient (EQ). This study aims to present new insight on the taxonomy of the SQ learning outcomes for students, namely from the tasawwuf perspective. Using a qualitative meta-synthesis approach to explore various sources related to the taxonomy of the SQ learning outcomes through interpretative process, the study found that, in general, the SQ helps a person develop into a complete human being through the inclusion of the sense of ibadah (worship) in every action and thought. The taxonomy of the SQ learning outcomes includes the dimensions of taubat, wara’, zuhud, tawakal, zikr, khalwat, ikhlas, and ridla. If implemented in Islamic education, the said taxonomy will help students know their God, prioritize their conscience to solve problems in life and the learning activity, live life more meaningfully, and be motivated to benefit themselves and others in their learning process. Taken together, these findings strengthen the view that the spiritual quotient can make other intelligence function more optimally.
Kiai's leadership in realizing independence Through the motivation and communication process (case study in Pesantren At Tanwir)
Authors: Winoto Suhadi , Arifin Miftah , Putra Dhian Wahana
Published: November 2023

This study aims to describe and analyze the motivation and communication patterns of the santri (students of an Islamic boarding house or pesantren) to the Kiai (the leader of a pesantren, a kiai is also a religious leader in society) and the community in realizing the pesantren’s independence in Pesantren Kopi At-Tanwir. This research employs a qualitative approach with a case study design. This research reveals some points; first, the motivational patterns developed by the Kiai are: immersing confidence and belief in students and the community, engrossing an entrepreneurial spirit verbally by exemplary, and friendship with all stakeholders, both the community and government officials. Second, the communication patterns developed by the Kiai are direct or verbal communication, open communication, and communication through symbols.
When did the “google classroom platform” become an issue in Islamic religious education?
Authors: Safitri Niken Dwi , In'am Akhsanul , Latipun L , Mahmood Tariq
Published: November 2023

The problem of learning the Islamic religion in Indonesia arose due to the coronavirus (Covid-19) pandemic. The problem of this study lies in the barriers to using Google Classroom as a learning tool in the COVID-19 era in PAI subjects at YALC Pasuruan Middle School. This type of research is qualitative, with a descriptive approach, and data collection techniques used include observation, interviews, and notes. The informants for this study were the Foundation director, classroom teachers, PAI teachers, and students of YALC Pasuruan College. The results of this study show that the barrier when using Google Classroom is that the technology still has many inadequacies, such as an unstable network, many students need smartphones or laptops to learn online, and there are still many teachers. Those who do not have them. Google Classroom cannot be accessed. Less proficient in using technology and social media. Remote learning means face-to-face discussions are complicated, and many students still need help understanding how to use technology in learning. Meanwhile, efforts to overcome the problem of using Google Classroom as a learning tool include schools explaining the use of Google Classroom before learning activities are conducted and schools providing learning targets to facilitate internet access for students at YALC Pasuruan Secondary School
EFL teachers’ beliefs about students’ motivation towards learning English during emergency remote learning at an Indonesian junior high school
Authors: Kusuma Lintang , Suwartono Tono
Published: November 2023

With the outbreak of COVID-19, the teaching and learning process is mostly conducted online. However, the implementation of online learning in this pandemic situation is not the same as a well-planned online education system. As a result, the concept of online learning was shifted to emergency remote learning (ERL). This method can bring advantages, but not all students can take advantage of this method. The longer this pandemic situation made the students’ interest and learning motivation decrease. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the EFL teachers’ beliefs about the seventh-grade students’ motivation to learn English during ERL at SMPN 1 Kawunganten and their strategies to motivate the students in learning English. Based on the teachers’ beliefs, there were both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation influencing students’ learning. In intrinsic motivation, there were several internal factors, namely challenge, students’ enjoyment of learning English, fun learning activities and students’ interests, students’ passion for learning English, students’ knowledge, skills, attitude or behaviour, and curiosity. Meanwhile, in extrinsic motivation, there were several external factors, namely the benefit of learning, academic achievement, English status and the importance of the English language, students’ relationship, students’ family conditions, economic conditions, and the environment. Moreover, the teachers had taken several strategies to increase the students’ motivation during the ERL that were using a fun approach, being a communicative teacher, using innovative and various learning methods, and doing self-introspection in teaching. With a good implementation of these strategies, the teachers believed that they could face the challenges ahead so that they could increase the students’ motivation to learn English.
Treatment combination of corn cob biochar and bio land organic fertilizer as soil amendment in kale plant (brassica oleraceae var. acephala L.)
Authors: Dyah Yuniwati Eny , Mita Lestari Adyla Mita Lestari
Published: November 2023

Kale is rich in vitamins and easy to cultivate, yet land degradation often occurs. The combination of corn cob biochar and Bio land organic liquid fertilizer as soil amendment materials can reduce land degradation. This study aims to determine a proper dose combination of corn cob biochar and Bio Land on growing and yielding Kale. Results showed that the treatment using the combination of corn cob biochar and Bio Land affected the number of leaves, fresh weight, and plant height. Corn cob biochar dose of 6 t/ha and Bio Land of 15 l/ha were shown significantly improved the number of kale leaves, which were 25.50 strands at 5 mst, chlorophyll of 51.42 spad units, leaf area of 1164.5 cm3, root volume of 10.40 cm3. Kale leaves also reached fresh weight of 200.46 g, and dry weight of 26.81 g. Both soil’s physical and chemical properties were increased in the number of organic C, pH, nitrogen elements, and cation exchange capacity (CEC). The combination of corn cob biochar and Bio Land enhanced the growing and yielding of kale, in which the readily-available corn cob’s and Bio Land’s nutrients accelerated absorption. Higher dose of combination between corn cob biochar and Bio Land resulted in higher kale yield.
Problem-solving model and LKPD: How do they affect the math-solving ability of middle school students?
Authors: In'am Akhsanul , Ridho'i Anindita Verliana , Vedianty Adinda Syalsyabilla Aidha
Published: November 2023

A learning model focusing on teaching and problem-solving skills, then strengthening those skills. Learning problem-solving applications can help students who do not understand the lesson content previously given by the teacher and can improve their motivation and problem-solving skills. Children. This study aims to determine the significant impact of a problem-solving learning model supported by Liveworksheet-based exercises on the mathematical problem-solving ability of Grade VII students in social arithmetic. This research is quantitative. The quantitative descriptive method measures the influence of the math solving model supported by Livesheet Worksheets (LKPD) on the ability to complete math subjects of 7th-grade middle school students in social arithmetic subjects—data analysis technique using descriptive percentages. Based on the descriptive analysis of percentages and students' math-solving ability, it shows that, in general, students' math-solving ability is relatively high. This can be seen in the proportion of high-quality problem-solving models supported by the LKPD Live Worksheet. Based on the analysis, the results show that the problem-solving model supported by  LKPD Direct LKS influences mathematical problem-solving ability
Application of the AIR learning model using song media to improve students’ mathematical representational ability
Authors: Anggraini Nanda Ayu , Ningsih Eka Fitria , Choirudin Choirudin , Darmayanti Rani , Triyanto Diyan
Published: November 2023

One of the overarching goals of teaching mathematics is the capacity for mathematical representation. Someone must be able to communicate through visuals, graphics, diagrams, or other types of representation. The learning model must enable students to play an active role in class, learn more through experiments, ask questions, and receive answers to their questions. This study aimed to determine the increase in students' mathematical representation abilities after following the Auditory intellectual repetition (AIR) learning model assisted by song media. This research method is a quantitative method with the One Group Pretest-Posttest design. The research was conducted at Ma'arif 5 Metro Middle School in the even semester of the 2022/2023 school year. The sample for this research was class VII students, totaling 23 students. The test instrument is used for data collection. The data analysis technique uses a paired sample t-test. The conclusion of this study states that the Auditory intellectual repetition (AIR) learning model using song media can improve students' mathematical representation skills.
The relationship between peer association and interest in learning against student learning outcomes
Authors: Nurqotimah Siti , Setiawan Agus , Anwar Muhammad Saidun , Anggraeni Aulia Dita
Published: November 2023

This study is motivated by low student learning outcomes in learning mathematics. This study aimed to determine whether there is a relationship between peers and learning interests in student learning outcomes in mathematics. This study uses a descriptive method with a quantitative approach. The population in this study was 25 students from class VIIa and 30 students from class VIIb, while the sample in this study was 30 students from that class selected by a simple random sampling technique. This type of research is quantitative descriptive research. The data collection instruments used in this study were observations, interviews, response questionnaires from students to determine the effect of peer relations and student interest in learning outcomes, and documentation. The data collected were then analyzed using multiple correlations. The results showed that: (1) There was a significant relationship between peer association and learning outcomes in mathematics using Pearson correlation analysis. (2-tailed) variable X1 is 0.004 < Sig. variable Y of 0.005; (2) There is a significant relationship between learning interest and learning outcomes in mathematics with Pearson correlation analysis. The count value of the X2 variable is 0.471 >, the average value of the variable Y is 0.361, and the value of Sig. (2-tailed) variable X 2 is 0.009 < Sig. variable Y of 0.005; (3) There is a significant relationship between peer association and learning interest in student learning outcomes with simultaneous test results (F) obtained an F-count of 4.965 > F-table 3.34 and a significance value (Sig.) 0.15 < Probability value of 0.05.
Analysis of supporting factors of the successful implementation of green manufacturing for Indonesian Manufacturing SMEs
Authors: Setiyo Purwanto Untung , Sahid Sujiwo Aryo , Susanti Marcely
Published: November 2023

Many manufacturing SMEs experience difficulties in finding an effective framework for building green manufacturing system for production and operations activities. The study purpose to identify the elements support the successful implementation of green manufacturing systems in SMEs, develop a conceptual hierarchical model of elements based on the ISM approach, and identify and analyze the dominant elements. This study applies a survey method to obtain data that is relevant to the research objectives. The respondents involved were 32 managers/owners of manufacturing SMEs located in Tegal Regency, Central Java Province of Indonesia. The study results show the existence of 39 supporting elements for the successful implementation of green manufacturing in SMEs. Factor analysis shows that these elements can be simplified into 12 common elements. MICMAC analysis shows that five elements can be categorized as dependent elements; lower production costs, environmental knowledge, Improved waste management, investing in innovation and technology, and new market opportunities; seven elements can be categorized as independent elements, namely green supply chain, government promotion and regulation, pressure from the market, organizational culture, involvement of various business stakeholders, top management commitment, and environmental specialist assistance. ISM analysis shows there are four elements that can be categorized as dominant elements; namely green supply chain, involvement of various business stakeholders, top management commitment, and government promotion and regulation.
Experimentation of cooperative learning model with group investigation type on communication ability and mathematical disposition
Authors: Rosyid M. Abd , Wawan Wawan , Choirudin Choirudin , Darmayanti Rani , Riono Sapto Hadi
Published: November 2023

This study tries to see: 1) Are there differences in mathematical communication between students who use the direct learning model and students who use the cooperative learning model? 2). Is there a difference in disposition between students who use the direct learning model and students who use the cooperative learning model? A quantitative approach to the type of experimental quiz used in this study, Nonrandomized Control Group design, and Pre-Posttest Design. The population is class VIII students of SMP N 2 Pekalongan. Sixty-four students were included in the sample; 32 were in the experimental group, and 32 were in the control group. Sampling was tried by simple random sampling. The research instrument was a test of communication skills and a questionnaire on students' mathematical dispositions. Data were analyzed using MANOVA, one-way ANOVA, and paired sample t-test. After fulfilling the prerequisite tests, namely the multivariate normality test and the homogeneity of variance and covariance. According to the results of the t-test calculations for two paired samples, the value of Sig. Equal to 0.000 < 0.05. This means that Ho is rejected, and H1 is accepted. It can be concluded that there is a difference between the pre and post-test results for the experimental and control classes, as well as showing if the type of GI cooperative learning model on students' communication abilities and mathematical dispositions can increase. The Manova and Anova tests show if the Wilks' Lambda value is in the model line with Sig. 0.000 is smaller than the alpha value of 0.05, so Ho is rejected, and the two educational models do not have the same impact on students' communication abilities and dispositions. The conclusions of this research are: 1). There is a difference in communication between students using the cooperative and direct learning models. 2) There is a difference in mathematical disposition between students who use cooperative and direct learning models.
Factors Influencing the Use of Mobile Phone-Enabled Services in Accessing Agricultural Information by Smallholder Farmers in Bungoma County, Kenya
Authors: Lusike Mary , Wakhungu Jacob , Ndiema Alice , Okoth Annette
Published: November 2023

The agriculture sector is the backbone of Kenya’s economy, contributing approximately 33 percent of Kenya’s gross domestic product (GDP). The agriculture sector employs more than 40 percent of the total population and 70 percent of the rural population. Kenya’s agriculture is predominantly smallholder farming and is carried out on farms averaging 0.2–3 ha, mostly on a subsistence basis. The objective of this study was to determine factors influencing the use of mobile phone-enabled services in accessing agricultural information by smallholder farmers in Bungoma County, Kenya. The study adopted a cross-sectional and correlational research design. Using simple random sampling, 400 respondents were selected to participate in the study. Data was collected using questionnaires, interview guides, and focus group discussions. Findings revealed that 71.1% of smallholder farmers indicated that it was costly to use mobile phone-enabled services to access agricultural information. Another 57% of the farmers perceived that socio-economic characteristics (age, education, and income) were factors determining the use of mobile phone-enabled services for accessing agricultural information. About 75.8% of the smallholder farmers did not use mobile phones to communicate agricultural information needed for their farming activities for various reasons, including: having no one to communicate with, due to the complexity of mobile phone technology, not being able to pay for the cost of both the purchase and use of mobile phones, and due to network problems. Further evidence showed that the factors affecting the use of mobile phone-enabled services have a significant impact on accessing agricultural information. The fact that socio-demographic factors significantly affect the use of mobile phone-enabled services in accessing agricultural information It is recommended that mobile phone service providers such as Safaricom, Airtel, and Orange need to understand the user’s characteristics, their needs, dynamics, and challenges, as well as potential changes in the future.
Diagnostic Assessment Knowledge and Practices among Secondary School Mathematics Teachers in Dodoma, Tanzania
Authors: Mjenda Marcellina , Mutarutinya Vedaste , Owiti Dickson
Published: November 2023

This study examined how secondary mathematics teachers understand and implement diagnostic assessments in their mathematics classes. To understand how mathematics teachers conceptualize diagnostic assessment and how they put it into practice, the study conducted in-depth interviews with 20 secondary school mathematics teachers using a phenomenography research approach and analyzed them thematically. The results showed that most mathematics teachers are unfamiliar with the concept of diagnostic assessment, misunderstand its role in the teaching and learning process, and refrain from using it because they don't know how to do so efficiently. Due to the overcrowding in classes and the widespread failure of national examinations, the few people who understood the concept admitted to not implementing it. The study recommends professional development for mathematics teachers to improve their conceptual understanding of diagnostic assessment as well as their capacity to integrate it in classrooms to improve the teaching and learning of mathematics and hence improve students' performance in the subject.
Leveraging on Virtual Laboratory-Based Instruction to Achieve Active Classroom Interaction in Teaching and Learning of Physics in Secondary Schools in Kenya
Authors: Okono Elijah , Abenga Elizabeth , Ayoti Caroline
Published: November 2023

The philosophy that advances the study of physics as one of the learning areas in secondary schools cannot be overlooked due to the realization of the contributions of physics towards the industrial and vocational development of the country. The major concern of this particular study is the consistent poor average scores in the subject currently witnessed at the Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (KCSE) level in Physics, which can be attributed to low student motivation and traditional teaching strategies. For instance, in the years 2016, 2017, 2018, and 2019, Kisumu County registered low mean scores of 4.23, 4.98, 4.67, and 4.10, respectively, in physics in KCSE. The use of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) in the teaching and learning of physics can be used to promote learners’ centered teaching and learning of physics and eventually improve physics scores. This study therefore underscores the need for virtual laboratory-based instruction (VLBI) to realize active classroom interaction during the teaching and learning of physics. Technology-based enhanced learning leverages all learners, irrespective of their economic and demographic background. The study therefore aimed at establishing the effect of VLBI on students’ level of interaction in the classroom in learning physics in secondary schools in Kenya. The study is supported by behaviorism learning theory and adopted quasi-experimental research designs. The physics teachers were purposefully sampled from each selected school. Physics teachers were purposefully sampled from each of the schools selected. There were 358 students and 72 teachers in the sample. The data was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The study concluded that virtual laboratories enhanced the use of experimental teaching approaches and that there was no statistical significance between the knowledge of the teacher about the selected ICT framework and the use of virtual experiments. There is a need to develop a prototype for a technology-enriched ICT framework for active learning of physics that will provide teachers and students with an interactive platform to promote active physics learning.
Evaluation of CMIP6 model simulations of PM2.5 and its components over China
Authors: Ren Fangxuan , Lin Jintai , Xu Chenghao , Adeniran Jamiu A. , Wang Jingxu , Martin Randall V. , van Donkelaar Aaron , Hammer Melanie , Horowitz Larry , Turnock Steven T. , Oshima Naga , Zhang Jie , Bauer Susanne , Tsigaridis Kostas , Seland Øyvind , Nabat Pierre , Neubauer David , Strand Gary , van Noije Twan , Le Sager Philippe , Takemura Toshihiko
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Earth system models (ESMs) participating in the latest Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) simulate various components of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) as major climate forcers. Yet the model performance for PM2.5 components remains little evaluated due in part to lack of observational data. Here, we evaluate near-surface concentrations of PM2.5 and its five main components over China as simulated by fourteen CMIP6 models, including organic carbon (OC, available in 14 models), black carbon (BC, 14 models), sulfate (14 models), nitrate (4 models), and ammonium (5 models). For this purpose, we collect observational data between 2000 and 2014 from a satellite-based dataset for total PM2.5 and from 2469 measurement records in the literature for PM2.5 components. Seven models output total PM2.5 concentrations, and they all underestimate the observed total PM2.5 over eastern China, with GFDL-ESM4 (–1.5 %) and MPI-ESM-1-2-HAM (–1.1 %) exhibiting the smallest biases averaged over the whole country. The other seven models, for which we recalculate total PM2.5 from the available components output, underestimate the total PM2.5 concentrations, partly because of the missing model representations of nitrate and ammonium. Concentrations of the five individual components are underestimated in almost all models, except that sulfate is overestimated in MPI-ESM-1-2-HAM by 12.6 % and in MRI-ESM2-0 by 24.5 %. The underestimation is the largest for OC (by –71.2 % to –37.8 % across the 14 models) and the smallest for BC (–47.9 % to –12.1 %). The multi-model mean (MMM) reproduces fairly well the observed spatial pattern for OC (R = 0.51), sulfate (R = 0.57), nitrate (R = 0.70) and ammonium (R = 0.75), yet the agreement is poorer for BC (R = 0.39). The varying performances of ESMs on total PM2.5 and its components have important implications for the modeled magnitude and spatial pattern of aerosol radiative forcing.
Contact metamorphic reactions and fluid–rock interactions related to magmatic sill intrusion in the Guaymas Basin
Authors: Cheviet Alban , Buatier Martine , Choulet Flavien , Galerne Christophe , Riboulleau Armelle , Aiello Ivano , Marsaglia Kathleen M. , Höfig Tobias W.
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Igneous basaltic intrusions into young organic-rich sedimentary basins have a major impact not only on the carbon cycle but also on major and trace element transfers between deep and superficial geological reservoirs. The actively rifting Guaymas Basin in the Gulf of California, which was drilled by the International Ocean Discovery Program during Expedition 385, represents the nascent stage of an ocean characterized by siliceous organic-rich sediments (diatom ooze) intruded by a very dense network of basaltic sills. This study focuses on Site U1546 where the relatively high geothermal gradient (over 200 ∘C km−1) induces early diagenetic transformations in both pore waters and sediments, involving sulfide, carbonate and silica. Geochemical and mineralogical characterizations of the sediment at sill contacts indicate that sulfides and silica polymorphs are the main phases impacted by contact metamorphism, being evident by a transition from opal-CT to quartz and pyrite to pyrrhotite, respectively. Mass balance calculations have been used to estimate mass transfers in metamorphic aureoles. In the top contact aureole, predominantly isochemical metamorphism is reflected by the presence of authigenic quartz and disseminated 20–50 µm sized pyrrhotite crystals, filling primary interstitial space, and partial dissolution of detrital feldspar grains. In the bottom contact aureole, quartz and euhedral pyrrhotite crystals occur, which are up to 4 times larger than those at the top contact. Significant metamorphism of sediments is observed in the lower contact aureole, where plagioclase recrystallizes around the detrital feldspars and locally euhedral pyroxenes are included in patches of carbonate cement; this suggests precipitation from carbon-rich fluids at temperatures (T) higher than 300 ∘C. The lower contact aureole also is more enriched in CaO, Na2O, Fe2O3 and trace elements (Cu, As, Zn, etc.) compared to the upper contact. Based on these petrological investigations, a conceptual model of magma–sediment–fluid interaction is proposed distinguishing top and bottom contact processes. Initial contact metamorphism due to sill emplacement is characterized by dehydration reactions in sediments and crystallization of new minerals. It was followed by carbonate precipitation from the released fluids. At a final stage, the temperature re-equilibrated with the geothermal gradient and the rocks were further altered by hydrothermal fluids.
La Nueva Ley de Cooperación Internacional: una oportunidad para aumentar el impacto de la cooperación financiera
Authors: Gómez Carrión Tania , Martin Rodriguez Arianne , Tena Bassols Paula
Published: November 2023

El cumplimiento de la Agenda 2030 requiere de cambios sustanciales en la estructura y funcionamiento del sistema de cooperación español. La nueva Ley 1/2023 supone un primer paso en esta dirección, dotando a la cooperación financiera de mayor flexibilidad y autonomía para crear un sistema más ágil e innovador. No obstante, una comparativa con otros modelos europeos (Alemania, Holanda y Francia) dan muestra de mayor capital y diversidad de instrumentos financieros, así como de innovadoras alianzas público-privadas capaces de diseñar e implementar nuevas modalidades de cooperación financiera. De esto modo, la Cooperación Española debe considerar nuevos mecanismos como los ya diseñados en otros países europeos que le permitan incrementar el músculo financiero, la tipología de proyectos y el impacto al tiempo de que la hagan catalizadora de la inversión de impacto. en nuestro país.
The Mediating Role of Governance in Foreign Direct Investment Inflows and Economic Performance Nexus: New Evidence from Nigeria
Authors: A.E. Ozegbe , L.O. Salami
Published: November 2023

The recent FDI-growth literature suggests that the varying effects of foreign direct investment on economic growth in host countries might be due to certain domestic factors that determine the benefits of FDI. Among these factors is the quality of governance; thus, this study examined how the interaction between foreign direct investment (FDI) and governance affects the performance of the Nigerian economy by relying on annual time series data spanning 1986 to 2021. The results from the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model revealed that the interaction between governance and foreign direct investment exerts a positive and highly significant impact on economic performance. Apparently, the interaction between governance and foreign direct investment appears to be elastic. The foregoing suggests that governance is a significant moderating factor between foreign direct investment and economic performance in Nigeria.
STRATEGIC PLANNING IN UNIVERSITIES OF KAZAKHSTAN IN THE POST-PANDEMIC PERIOD
Authors: Makatova A. B. , Kuchumova G. , Moldashev K.
Published: November 2023

The purpose of the research – This research aims to study the practices of strategy development in public and private universities in Kazakhstan and develop recommendations for their improvement. Particular attention is paid to the strategy development process, stakeholder engagement, the impact of the pandemic, as well as issues of well-being and digitalization.

Methodology – Semi-structured face-to-face and online interviews were used as a collection method. The researchers conducted 7 semi-structured interviews with senior or middle managers who participated or are involved in the development of the strategy (rector, vice-rector, head of the department), as well as an analysis of strategic documents.

Originality / value of the research – There are many studies in the scientific literature on the impact of the pandemic on various processes in higher education, but the impact on the strategic planning process, taking into account digitalization and the well-being of students and staff, is poorly studied. This study fills this gap, and also shows practices and difficulties in strategic planning at universities in Kazakhstan.

Findings – In the process of strategic planning, there is a top-down approach, with low involvement of stakeholders. In public universities, the dominant role is played by key performance indicators (KPIs), released by the EOM, turning strategies into a plan to achieve these KPIs. The pandemic has prompted universities to take a strategic approach to digitalization, but well-being issues are not taken into account in the planning process.