bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uyku ile Namazın Terki Arasında Bağlantı Kuran İki Hadis ve Delaletleriyle İlgili Değerlendirmeler
Authors: ŞAKAR Mehmet , KAHRAMAN Hüseyin
Published: September 2021

Kur’an ve sünnette en çok zikri geçen ibadet namazdır. Namazdan bahseden ayet ve hadislerin bir kısmında onun vaktinde edasına engel durumlardan bahsedilmiş ve bunlara çözümler sunulmuştur. Bu konudan bahseden hadislerden anlaşıldığına göre din, namazın vaktinde eda edilmesine engel bir mazeret olarak sadece uyku ve unutmaya vurgu yapar. Dinin bu yaklaşımı yani bir namazın ancak uyku veya unutma sebebiyle terk edilebileceğini kabul etmesi, geniş çerçevede, amel ile iman arasında bir bağlantı kurmaya da müsait görünmektedir. Nitekim namazın kendi vaktinde eda edilmesine engel durumları uyku ve unutma olarak sayan hadisler, telafi olarak bunların uyanınca veya hatırlanınca kılınmasını istemekte ve dolayısıyla herhangi bir yaptırımdan ve cezadan bahsetmemektedir. Hadis kitaplarında bu duruma somut örnek olabilecek rivayetler vardır. Bunların birinde Allah resûlü sabah namazlarına uyanamayan sahabiye “Namazını uyanınca kıl!” buyur-makta, gecenin tamamını uyku ile geçiren bir başkasını da “Kulağına şeytan bevletmiş!” ifadesiyle tavsif etmektedir. Hz. Peygamber’in bu tepkiyle yetinmesi, bazı çevreler tarafın-dan “Amel imanın şartlarından değildir.” şeklinde yorumlanmıştır. Bu bakış tarzından öyle anlaşılıyor ki, dinin temelini oluşturan ibadetlerden olan namaz konusunda, imana zarar verebilecek bir probleminin mutlaka ve hatta şiddetli bir şekilde cezalandırılması beklenecektir. Makalede bu yorumun haklılık payı araştırılmaktadır. Zira uykunun istem dışı olmasının ve bir ibadetin böyle bir mazerete binaen terk edilmesinin, amel-iman ilişkisi gibi ciddi bir konuda örnek ve delil sayılması tenkide değer görünmektedir. Bu açıdan araştır-ma, amel-iman münasebeti tartışmalarında öne sürülen delillerin amaca uygunluğunu belirleme konusunda bir örnek addedilebilecek durumdadır.
ГРАВИТАЦИЯЛЫҚ ЦЕНТРЛІК КҮШ ӨРІСІНДЕГІ ДЕНЕ ҚОЗҒАЛЫСЫН САНДЫҚ ӘДІСТЕРМЕН ЗЕРТТЕУ
Authors: Мукушев Б.А
Published: September 2021

Ғарыш денелерінің гравитациялық өрісін зерттеу аспан механикасы ғылымының негізгі міндеттерінің біріне жатады. Мақалада табиғаты гравитациялық болатын центрлік күш өрісінде қозғалатын аспан денелерініңқозғалыстары қарастырылады. Өзара тартылыстағы екі дененің қозғалысын сипаттайтын дифференциалдық теңдеулер қарастырылған. Осы теңдеулергеөлшемсіздендіру амалы қолданылған. MathCAD қолданбалы программалар пакеті көмегімен дифференциалдық теңдеулер сандық әдістер арқылыграфиктік түрде шешілген. Кеплердің бірінші және екінші заңдарына қатысты сандық мәліметтер қолданбалы программа көмегімен алынған. Өзарагравитациялық тартылыстағы екі дененің бірінің массасы екіншісінен өте үлкен болған жағдайдағы екінші дененің эллипс түріндегі орбитасыныңэксцентриситеті есептелді және осыорбитаның жарты осьтерінің ұзындығы табылды. Табиғаты гравитациялық центрлік күш өрісінде қозғалған дененің траекториясы сол дененің радиус-векторы сызған ауданмен берілді.
Bottling Muhammad
Authors: Knight Michael Muhammad
Published: September 2021

This chapter discusses Muhammad’s bodily by-products, such as his hair, fingernails, saliva, sweat, blood, and digestive waste with consideration of the ways that they are presented in hadith literature as possible sources of baraka.
Prosperity Gospel Latinos and Their American Dream
Authors: Lin Tony Tian-Ren
Published: September 2021

In this immersive ethnography, Tony Tian-Ren Lin explores the reasons that Latin American immigrants across the United States are increasingly drawn to Prosperity Gospel Pentecostalism, a strand of Protestantism gaining popularity around the world. Lin contends that Latinos embrace Prosperity Gospel, which teaches that believers may achieve both divine salvation and worldly success, because it helps them account for the contradictions of their lives as immigrants. Weaving together his informants’ firsthand accounts of their religious experiences and everyday lives, Lin offers poignant insight into how they see their faith transforming them both as individuals and as communities.
The theology fuses salvation with material goods so that as these immigrants pursue spiritual rewards they are also, perhaps paradoxically, striving for the American dream. But after all, Lin observes, prosperity is the gospel of the American dream. In this way, while becoming better Prosperity Gospel Pentecostals they are also adopting traditional white American norms. Yet this is not a story of smooth assimilation as most of these immigrants must deal with the immensity of the broader cultural and political resistance to their actually becoming Americans. Rather, Prosperity Gospel Pentecostalism gives Latinos the logic and understanding of themselves as those who belong in this country yet remain perpetual outsiders.
Communities of Dreamers
Authors: Lin Tony Tian-Ren
Published: September 2021

This chapter takes the reader into the world of Latino Prosperity Gospel Pentecostals. It offers an in-depth look at each of the three churches that are the subject of this book. Readers will experience what it is like to enter these different yet similar Prosperity Gospel Pentecostal churches on an average Sunday. It is in these spaces that they learn the flexible rationalities to confront their daily contradictions. Because their everyday world is so foreign and even hostile to them, the activities they engage in and the relationships they form in these churches come to have special significance to them for the rest of the week. It is in these churches that they learn how to find shelter and strength to face the world with a new sense of confidence.
Dreaming of Prosperity at Home
Authors: Lin Tony Tian-Ren
Published: September 2021

The demands of Prosperity Gospel Pentecostalism on the family and gender roles are many. The home is a space where the paradox of Prosperity Gospel Pentecostalism is lived out daily. In traditional Christianity, the family is supposed to be a small-scale replica of the church, where there is a father who serves as the priest, a mother who is his assistant, and a congregation, represented by children who need instruction and guidance. This chapter shows how Prosperity Gospel Pentecostalism shapes family dynamics and the logic they use to bridge their family reality to the religious ideal.
Conclusion
Authors: Lin Tony Tian-Ren
Published: September 2021

I conclude by focusing on the global implications of Prosperity Gospel Pentecostalism. As a global phenomenon this Gospel of the American Dream could be having the same effects with adherents around the world as it is in the United States. Prosperity Gospel Pentecostalism could very well be a new form of cultural imperialism, globalizing Americanism under the guise of religion as it wipes away indigenous forms of Christianity and their cultural values along with its expansion.
Introduction
Authors: Taylor Brian
Published: September 2021

This chapter gives an overview of Fighting for Citizenship, and the argument made therein. It reviews previous scholarship on the topic of black military service. It situates Fighting for Citizenship within the relevant literature.
Introduction
Authors: Gonzalez Aston
Published: September 2021

This introduction explains the importance of visual culture to the United States in the middle decades of the nineteenth century. People believed images to have persuasive powers and activists used them to convince viewers to join various social movements that included antislavery and black emigration. Black activists produced images before, during, and after the Civil War that included daguerreotypes, lithographs, moving panoramas, and cartes de visite. They quickly seized these technologies and mobilized the popularity, desirability, and unique capabilities of each. Studying the works of these black cultural producers expands our understanding of the arsenal of strategies African Americans drew upon in the service of increasing black rights.
Eventful on the Page of History
Authors: Hess Earl J.
Published: September 2021

The attack of May 22 sparked commemorative efforts on the part of the Federals on much the same level as any other major battle of the Civil War. It was memorialized in patriotic speeches, in poems written by survivors, and in paintings. A cyclorama was painted by the same artists who executed the Gettysburg Cyclorama but the May 22 painting has not survived except in the form of reproductions of four panels of the cyclorama. The Vicksburg National Military Park was created in 1899 and vigorous efforts to accurately place hundreds of unit markers was undertaken by William T. Rigby, a member of the park commission and an officer veteran of the Vicksburg siege. A number of photographs taken about 1900 of the landscape of the siege lines preserving information about the nature of the ground, its vegetation, and the remains of Samuel H. Lockett’s defence line more than thirty-five years after the attack of May 22. In contrast, the battle that day, although a Confederate victory, was hardly celebrated at all after the war by Rebel veterans.
A Contact Zone
Authors: Crawford Sharika D.
Published: September 2021

This chapter introduces locales that formed part of the turtlemen's mobile and transnational world. It explores the interconnectedness between the Cayman Islands and various circum-Caribbean communities in Honduras, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Cuba, and Colombia through ethnographical accounts, missionary reports, oral history accounts, and newspaper reports. It also focuses on the way a seafaring culture of Caymanians led to temporary and permanent migration, the formation of transnational as well as transcultural families, and the transmittal of maritime and cultural knowledge among turtlemen of multiple nationalities. The chapter argues that the Caymanian seafaring culture, particularly, turtle fishing, facilitated the creation and recreation of a dynamic contact zone of ongoing transnational and occasional cross-racial encounters among indigenous, white, and Afro-Caribbean inhabitants.
Blues Conditions
Authors: Gussow Adam
Published: September 2021

Between 1920 and 1960, blues was Black popular music. During the decade that followed, however, the Black blues audience largely melted away, redirecting its attentions towards soul music, and a large cohort of white blues fans and blues musicians emerged to fill that space—a cultural earthquake whose effects have lingered to the present day. This chapter, looking to educate that successor cohort, seeks to anchor our understandings of the blues in a fresh appreciation for the world in which the music’s Black southern creators lived. Jim Crow social relations, which included lynching and other forms of racial violence along with legislated segregation, were the crucible in which early blues players struggled to achieve personal freedom and develop their creative gifts. Slavery had been replaced by cotton sharecropping after Emancipation; new sexual freedoms and wide-ranging mobility, however compromised, were there to be explored, in blues lyricism as in life. Playwright August Wilson’s “Ma Rainey’s Black Bottom” vividly dramatizes these themes, offering revelations about the persistence of traumatic memories generated by white southern violence.
Turnaround
Authors: Gussow Adam
Published: September 2021

The twelfth and final “bar” of Whose Blues? offers a handful of thematic and anecdotal explorations: a prismatic view of the blues in the second decade of the third millennium, as Black bluesist heritage claims wrestle with the music’s postmodern condition. What happens when we add Asia—a sampling of younger bluesmen from Japan, China, and India—to our reckoning? Is there a significant statistical disparity between African American and white blues performers in contemporary American blues festivals and awards ceremonies, and at what point does that disparity become objectionable? What might a white blues scholar have to learn by attending the all-Black Jus’ Blues Music Foundation’s annual awards ceremony in Tunica, Mississippi? What sort of blues is being played and sung by the best younger African American bluesmen when they get together in Cleveland, Mississippi—the town where W. C. Handy first had his revelation about the power of the blues more than a hundred years earlier? This chapter ends with a capsule portrait of Akarsha “Aki” Kumar, a Silicon Valley bluesman from Mumbai and former software engineer at Adobe who has reinvented himself in the age of Trump, blending jump blues grooves with Bollywood lyrics and costumes.
Tikkun Olam to the Max
Authors: Eichler-Levine Jodi
Published: September 2021

This chapter examines examples of activism among crafters (also known as “craftivism”) from 2016-2019, with some earlier historical context. Some of these social justice actions, such as the hats accompanying the 2017 Women’s March, were created by Jewish women; others, like the Jewish Hearts for Pittsburgh, were created with specific Jewish communities in mind. All of these examples share the goal of building meaning and community through activism, a repair of the world in literal stitches and metaphorical, even mystical, ideas about human connection.
Tuckey Buzzard Lay Me
Authors: Hilde Libra R.
Published: September 2021

This chapter examines sexual exploitation and violence in the antebellum South and what it meant for an enslaved person to have a white father. Evaluations of white fathers varied considerably depending on how that father treated his illegitimate offspring, how slave communities treated mixed-race children (which also varied), and an individual’s sense of identity, which was tied to these other factors. Biracial children at times expressed admiration for the few white fathers who openly acknowledged their children and provided freedom and education. They tended to be more ambivalent about white fathers who offered a privileged status on the plantation but not freedom. African American communities expressed particular disdain for white fathers who violated paternal duty by abusing or selling their own children. Reactions to white fathers highlight slaves and former slaves’ consistent notions of paternal duty. African American communities understood that white people had a monopoly on concrete power, but that did not mean they had honor.
Introduction
Authors: Royles Dan
Published: September 2021

This chapter begins with the story of Belle Glade, Florida, a farming community near Lake Okeechobee that was known for a brief period in the 1980s as the “AIDS Capital of the World” due to its high per capita AIDS rate. The AIDS epidemic in Belle Glade, which mainly affected poor people of color and migrant workers, and was spread through heterosexual sex and drug use, was a harbinger of things to come, as the disease would “settle” in disenfranchised communities in the U.S. South. This chapter then goes on to trace an overview of African American AIDS activism, including its connection to ideas about Black identity within the African diaspora, and to explain how the book as a whole fits into ongoing conversations about AIDS history, the Black freedom struggle, and Black internationalism.
The South within the North
Authors: Royles Dan
Published: September 2021

This chapter describes the work of SisterLove, an Atlanta-based organization that takes an avowedly intersectional approach to fighting AIDS among Black women, also turned its attention to AIDS in Africa during the 1990s. Dázon Dixon Diallo, the founder and CEO of SisterLove, got her start in women’s health as a student at Spelman College, where she became involved in the abortion rights movement as well as in the Black women’s health movement. Those early experiences would shape her approach to AIDS education through SisterLove, where she took care to include all kinds of Black women in the group’s outreach, at times focusing specifically on rural women, recently incarcerated women, and women in public housing. Dixon Diallo and SisterLove started from the notion that AIDS programs for African American women needed to address the ways that their lives were shaped by the simultaneous interlocking oppressions of racism and sexism. As the group expanded into South Africa, it also considered the ways that other axes of power, including those of class, region, and nation, shaped Black women’s experiences with AIDS and thus should shape SisterLove’s work as well.
Seamstress
Authors: Finley Alexandra J.
Published: September 2021

Chapter two focuses on how slave traders used dress in their attempts to commodify enslaved people before sale. The chapter looks specifically at how women's labor contributed to this process, considering the role of a range of historical actors that had a hand in clothing manufacture, ranging from factory workers in the Northeast to urban needlewomen in the South, to enslaved women and the free, white wives and female relatives of slave traders. The account books of Richmond slave trader Hector Davis provide a lens through which to view these intertwined histories of labor, economy, and material culture. Davis turned to free and enslaved women, some of whom he paid and some of whom he did not, to clothe the enslaved people in his jail. Two of his most frequent seamstresses were Mrs. SN Davis, the wife of one of his agents, and Virginia Ann Isham, a free African American woman.
Housekeeper
Authors: Finley Alexandra J.
Published: September 2021

Chapter four focuses on enslaved women's work in the household through the history of Lucy Ann Cheatham. Cheatham was born enslaved in Virginia and purchased in the domestic slave trade by trader John Hagan of New Orleans, Louisiana. Hagan forced Cheatham to be his enslaved concubine. She bore him several children and acted as his housekeeper. In his will, Hagan disguised the reasons for Cheatham's financial inheritance by describing her as his caregiver. Hagan's language, evocative of the role of ménagères in the French Caribbean, speaks to the number of roles that Cheatham played in his household, and the tendency of enslavers to conflate emotional labor with domestic and sexual labor. After Hagan's death, Cheatham took her domestic labor to the marketplace as a boarding house operator. The chapter also speaks to the strength of Cheatham's connections with family and female friends, and how maintaining those ties can be seen as an act of resistance.
Epilogue
Authors: Finley Alexandra J.
Published: September 2021

The epilogue is written from the author's point of view, focusing on the experience of research and the challenges of uncovering the histories of enslaved women. This reflection includes information about the graves of Sarah Ann Conner and Lucy Ann Cheatham as well as an analysis of two surviving letters from Corinna Hinton Omohundro. While highlighting the shortcomings of the archive, the epilogue also offers suggestions for path forwards in how to tell lesser-known histories and emphasizes the importance of asking questions, even if those questions are ultimately unanswerable.
Suçlu Drone Saldırılarına Karşı Polisin Zor Kullanma Yetkisi
Authors: KAŞLI Enver
Published: September 2021

Drone olarak bilinen uzaktan yönetilebilen insansız hava araçları, suç failleri tarafından kötü niyetli olarak da kullanılabilmektedir. Suçlu drone saldırıları olarak adlandırılan hukuka aykırı drone uçuşları, hukuka aykırılık yönünden farklı düzeyde ihlaller oluşturmaktadır ve en yüksek risk de terör saldırılarıdır. Yakın dönemde dünyanın farklı bölgelerinde drone saldırılarıyla birçok suçun işlendiğine ilişkin haberler bulunmaktadır. Suçlu drone saldırılarını önlemek veya saldırı başlamışsa sonlandırmak için kullanılan sistemlere drone savunma sistemleri denilmektedir ve bu sistemlerin kullanımının yasal dayanağını zor kullanma yetkisi oluşturmaktadır. Drone savunma sistemleri; tespit ve etkisiz hale getirme olmak üzere temelde iki işlevi yerine getirmektedir. Her sistem farklı teknikleri kullanmakta ve uygulama açısından çeşitli sınırlılıkları bulunmaktadır. Suçlu drone saldırıları neticesinde ortaya çıkabilecek zararların giderilmesinde sorumluluk yönünden çeşitli tartışmalar yaşanması mümkündür. Bu çalışmada drone savunma sisteminin olmaması, etkisiz olması veya zararı engellemeye yeterli olmaması durumunda ortaya çıkan zararlarla ilgili olarak idarenin kusur sorumluluğu olduğu kanaatine varılmıştır.
Comparison of ethanol lock and heparin lock solution as prevention of catheter-related bloodstream infection in hemodialysis patients: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Rosalie Amy , Putra Made Angga , Bachtiar Muhammad Rizki , Christian David Hermawan , Joalsen Ivan
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) is a common complication of catheter use for vascular access in hemodialysis patients and a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Preventive measures, including antibiotic lock, are inadequate due to the risk of resistance and insufficient effect against bacterial biofilm. Ethanol, an antimicrobial substance, is a potential prophylactic lock-in preventing CRBSI. This study aims to assess ethanol lock's effectiveness in preventing CRBSI in hemodialysis patients with a catheter as vascular access and its impact on catheter dysfunction.
Methods: Researchers systematically searched online databases including Pubmed, Cochrane Library, and Science Direct for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published within 2011 until 2020. Relevant data were pooled in PICOs (Population, Intervention, Control, Outcomes) format and analyzed with Review Manager (version 5.3.5, Cochrane Collaboration, Denmark).
Results: Seven RCTs involving 453 patients were assessed. The primary outcome indicates that prophylactic ethanol lock significantly reduces the incidence of CRBSI compared to that of heparin lock (RR=0.32, 95% CI 0.12-0.83, p=0.02, heterogeneity I2=68%). The secondary outcome suggests no significant difference in the incidence of catheter dysfunction in ethanol lock and heparin lock (RR=0.75, 95% CI 0.23-2.40, p=0.63, heterogeneity I2=68%).
Conclusion: Ethanol is a potential prophylactic lock agent in preventing CRBSI in hemodialysis patients with catheter access. Further research is needed to synchronize the procedural use of ethanol lock and evaluate its long-term effect.
The impact of calibrating soil organic carbon model Yasso with multiple datasets
Authors: Viskari Toni , Pusa Janne , Fer Istem , Repo Anna , Vira Julius , Liski Jari
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) models are important tools in determining global SOC distributions and how carbon stocks are affected by climate change. Their performances are, however, affected by data and methods used to calibrate them. Here we study how the Yasso SOC model performs if calibrated individually or with multiple datasets and how the chosen calibration method affected the parameter estimation. We found that when calibrated with multiple datasets, the model showed a better global performance compared to a single dataset calibration. Furthermore, our results show that more advanced calibration algorithms should be used for SOC models due to the multiple local maximas in the likelihood space.
Acute haemoperitoneum caused by endometriosis infiltrating the uterine artery - Two case reports and a literature review
Authors: Vandenameele A.-S. , Platteeuw L , Alaerts H
Published: September 2021

Objective: We report 2 cases of haemoperitoneum due to a bleeding of the uterine artery caused by infiltrating endometriosis. We have also conducted a literature review on endometriosis-related intra-abdominal haemorrhage and wrote a practical guideline on how this entity can be recognized and handled.

Patients: Case 1: A 49-year-old multiparous woman presented with intense stabbing pain in the lower abdomen during her menstruation. CT angiography showed a bleeding from a side branch of the internal iliac artery. Laparoscopy was performed and an active bleeding from the right uterine artery was confirmed, clearly caused by infiltrating endometriosis lesions. Haemostasis was achieved by bipolar coagulation. Case 2: A 29-year-old nulliparous woman was admitted for observation because of heavy stabbing pain in the right lower quadrant and presence of free fluid on CT abdomen. The day after the admission, laparoscopy was performed because of a decreasing haemoglobin level. An arterial bleeding from the right parametrium was observed, probably originating from the right uterine artery. Histopathological examination of a biopsy of the right parametrium proved the presence of endometriosis. Haemostasis was achieved by bipolar coagulation.

Conclusion: Although endometriosis-related haemoperitoneum is a rare entity, this diagnosis should be considered when a patient presents with an intra-abdominal haemorrhage during menstruation or withdrawal bleeding - especially in case of a history or suspicion of endometriosis. Laparoscopy is the cornerstone of the treatment.
Behind the textual: considerations of knowledge challenges in postgraduate students’ planning, researching and writing of theses
Authors: Franken Margaret
Published: September 2021

Research into academic literacy demands on postgraduate students, particularly at the

doctoral level, has increased significantly in the last decade or so. Academic literacy is

often configured in relation to students needing to understand the conventions of the

discourse community and being able to respond to the challenges associated with the

practices, skills, and particularly the text forms associated with it. While this is of value in

guiding pedagogical support and interventions, it must be complemented with an

understanding of the students themselves: what they bring to the community and learning

context in terms of prior knowledge and expertise, what they personally find challenging in

knowledge terms, and how they respond to the challenges. This requires us to ’go behind

the textual’. A productive framework for this analysis is the work of Eraut (2000, 2003,

2004, 2008), which encompasses a view of discourse community or group membership,

considers challenges arising from transitions to different communities or situations, and

focuses on how knowledge demands shift and change. This paper presents data from

international students representing knowledge transitions and challenges in masters

research study, as the students plan their research, write about (or ‘codify’) their planning,

and write about it in the form of a thesis. As the data shows, challenges and successes in

these transitions impact on a student’s developing identity as a researcher, and also on the

likelihood of successful completion and aspirations to engage in further research.
Patterns of Forest Encroachment Behavior Based on Characteristics of Immigrants and Local Communities
Authors: Yurike Yurike , Yonariza Yonariza , Febriamansyah Rudi
Published: September 2021

This study aims to analyze the comparison of the behavioral characteristics of forest encroachers between migrants and local communities. The research method uses descriptive analysis. Sampling using the snowball sampling method. The results showed that the behavior of forest encroachment was formed based on the number of respondents from the most, namely the behavior of sustainable, mixed and unsustainable use. However, when viewed based on land area, it turns out to be inversely proportional to where the area of rubber plantations is at least 822 ha, while the area of oil palm plantations reaches 1203 ha. In addition, it should be noted that the highest land area is found in a mixed pattern. This means that local people have started to look at oil palm plantations for cultivation. Overall, based on the age that dominates the forest encroachers, the range is 31-50 years. The education of migrants is higher than that of local communities, but the pattern of encroachment of local communities is more sustainable when compared to migrants. The number of family members of immigrants is mostly in the medium category, while the number of family members of local communities is mostly in the small category. In addition, squatters whose main occupation is farmers tend to be more sustainable when compared to other occupations. Efforts to resolve the problem of forest encroachment in the Dharmasraya PFMU area can be resolved through sustainable community empowerment activities, improving the handling of encroachers, and increasing the effectiveness of PFMU management.
Does Early Diabetic Kidney Damage Alter Renal Elasticity? An Ultrasound-Based, Two-Dimensional Shear Wave Elastography Study
Authors: Gündüz Nesrin , Buz Ayşenur , Kabaalioğlu Adnan
Published: September 2021

Objective: Kidney damage caused by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can reduce renal elasticity. Limited number of data exist indicating whether early kidney damage causes stiffening of renal tissue. This comparative study aims to assess kidney elasticity in T2DM patients with or without moderate albuminuria, using ultrasound-based two-dimensional shear wave velocity (2D-SWV) measurements. Methods: Fifty-seven cases (40 T2D patients with stage 1 or 2 chronic kidney disease and 17 age- and sex-matched healthy controls) were included in this single-center prospective study. The T2DM patients were divided into those with moderate albuminuria (n=22) and those without albuminuria (n=18). Bilateral renal parenchymal 2D-SWV values were measured (separately) in the upper, middle, and lower kidney regions. Group data were compared using the t-test or Mann-Whitney-U test (whichever appropriate). Inter-observer agreement was assessed by deriving the intra-class correlation coefficient. Results: There was no difference between the T2DM and control groups in terms of the median age [55.5 (50-62) vs. 55 (48.5-59.5) years, p=0.48] and sex ratio [18 (45%) males vs. 10 (58.8%) females, p=0.34]. The average regional 2D-SWV values were all similar between the groups (all p>0.05). The average 2D-SWV values were similar between the subgroups with and without albuminuria. The inter-observer agreement was good (intra-class correlation coefficient=0.66, 95% CI 0.19-0.88, p=0.006). Conclusion: Kidney elasticity does not seem to be compromised in patients with diabetes and preserved estimated glomerular filtration rate with or without moderate albuminuria
Nasolacrimal Duct Malignancy or IgG4- Related Disease? A Curious Case Report of a Nasal Vestibular Mass and Review of the Literature
Authors: Khoo Veejie , Jiun Khoo Hillary Sh , Goh Liang Chye
Published: September 2021

gG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a fibro-inflammatory condition associated with tumefactive lesions at multiple sites. IgG4-RD was initially recognized in 2001 in a case of autoimmune pancreatitis. However, the disease was not limited to the pancreas but involved other organs such as the bile ducts, lacrimal glands, lymph nodes and salivary glands. IgG4-RD is rarely seen with an estimated incidence of 0.2 to 1/100.000 as reported in Japan, but with minimal to no incidence data have been published in Western countries. We hereby report a case of an IgG4-related mass arising from the nasolacrimal duct, masquerading as a sinonasal mass.
Geografía de la Educación: Corrientes principales y perspectivas de investigación
Authors: Torres Cañete Rodrigo
Published: September 2021

Since the second half of the twentieth century, a series of research projects conducted in Central Europe and the United Kingdom have proposed and addressed geographical objects of study in response to specific concerns about their own educational systems. Both currents are beginning to converge; they are disciplinarily distinct from previous developments in the sociology of education and are consolidating as a subfield. However, they still fail to link consistently to everyday educational spaces and the improvement of pedagogical practices. Based on these elements, a state of the art of the Geography of Education is presented, showing its growing potential to effectively contribute to the quality of teaching at the scale of the places where people learn. Some of the most promising research agendas on this line of studies are also established.
Habitabilidad en la Zona Oriental del Centro Histórico de la Ciudad de México. ¿Un área marginal?
Authors: Tello Carlos Alberto , Olivos Benito de Jesús
Published: September 2021

Liveability is an important concept in any urban settlement and determines its value as such. Its different levels rule the growth of a city. For that purpose, this growth needs to keep a social, economic, and environmental balance in time and space from the perspective of a more significant possibility of central demographic permanence. The Eastern zone of Mexico City 's historical centre does not keep it. Using an SPSS software, this article established as a research objective the design of a cause-effect regression model to expose the interrelation kept by the variable "housing seniority" proxy of the level of demographic permanence and a set of variables of residential improvement in terms of needs/impedance4 (difficulties). This is to explain the level of liveability that this area currently maintains from the perspective of the resident population. The results show “type of housing” and “municipal seniority” as the independent variables with the highest explanatory power for the behavior of “housing seniority” dependent variable in the Eastern Zone of the historical centre.
Organoleptic and Chemical Analysis Characteristics of Sulguni Stored in Beeswax
Authors: Elanidze Lali , Khositashvili Tea
Published: September 2021

In the paper showed organoleptic and chemical analysis of sulguni that is made of traditional technology and sulguni in beeswax has been carried out to study the effects of bee wax layer on the organoleptic and chemical parameters of sulguni. Some main factors are obstacle those make influence on sulguni, such as: cheese weight loss, fat oxidation and enzymatic breakdown. On the base of analysis the use of beeswax layer improves the physical stability of sulguni, at the same time the visual and tactile characteristics of the surface are improved as well. Moreover, it prevents the existence of mucus and mold on the surface, as well as protects the cheese from moisture loss and sulguni also retains its taste properties. Vacuum packaging cheese production in beeswax layer can be considered as the new, ecologically clean and safe alternative.
North Caucasus aborigine population in VII-IX centuries Adighe-Zikhes and different states of Dagestan
Authors: Gumashvili Zaur
Published: September 2021

The article sets out howthe formation process of Aborigen population - Adighe-Zikhes and Dagestan as astate, had developed in North Caucasus in VII-IX centuries.For that period, Adyghes occupied black sea coast in the South-East of Tamans peninsula which had been ruled by Gothic-Tetraksite. the mentioned process served to strengthen Zikhes tribe, which became quitsignificant and prominentevenearlier in 1st century BC. In VIII century there appear plenty of state units in the territory of Dagestan as a result of society development. The “kingdoms” such as Tabasaran, Sarir, Kaitag, Gumukand atc. become established. These political units owned the territories of Dagestan main ethnic groups. Within these political units went formation process of Dagestan Main ethnos.
For Some Phraseological Units in the Tao Dialect
Authors: Baramidze Maia
Published: September 2021

The Tao dialect is one of the southern dialects. The remnants of a dialect, spread across once extensive territory, are now preserved in a number of minor villages of Tao (Eliaskhevi, Tsitleqari, Khevai, Quabagi, Phishnarkhevi, Baslekari, Balkhi, Qvenobani, Balkhibari, Gaghmaqobai, Chevreli), as well as in the village, bordering Tao and Klarjeti – Binati.The Tao Georgian is noteworthy due to many aspects.The abstract looks upon some phraseological units, spread in the Tao Georgian dialect.The phraseological units of the Tao Georgian are diverse both from the semantic and structural point of view.The first component of a phraseological unit in Tao dialect is usually the word ‘eye’, the next ones are mostly often the verbs ‘hold (keep)’ or ‘have’, the meaning of the phrase being ‘appealing, taking to or falling in love’: is aqevr vinme gogoze t’vali k’onebia ki. In addition to the mentioned meanings of ‘keep/hold an eye’, more variations are realized through this expression in Tao dialect, such as ‘jinx or overlook in an evil way’: nonas t’valma dimicira.Somatic phraseological units express pain, having as their second consistent component the verb ‘inflamate’: ik’ kar gevdet’, ak’ t’avi ement’o; clikebi ent’eba. Fainting, connected with grief and distress is expressed by phrases, which have brain as their essential component: esa cevda, c’em kac’ma ckva dimilia, cevda ert’i t’ve ar vxedavdi, imaze imaze ckva cevda; aman ckva dimilia.
For the Decoding of a Proverb in a Speech Act
Authors: Tumanishvili Khatuna
Published: September 2021

As is known a proverb (both formally and semantically) is the micro-model of the life and mentality of the world where it was created and where it operates. Its basic function is grasping the wisdom seen from the viewpoint of the given ethnos – the general regularities. It is figuratively constructed of the specific material which is recorded in “the sensory material of perception” of the given ethnos, i.e. in its experience linked with this specific part of the universe. Therefore, it is difficult to understand fundamentally proverbs of a foreign language and to identify the relevant frames (sphere of use) of the respective general semantic domain. Its study implies (along with that of the language) the study of the ethnic “metaphorical thinking”, practically ethnopsychology of the people that created it.
Crop Microclimate Modification to Address Climate Change
Authors: Debangshi Udit
Published: September 2021

Climate-related agricultural vulnerabilities, as well as their implications for food security and farm livelihoods, have been extensively documented. Extreme weather events such as floods, droughts, heat and cold waves, hailstorms, strong winds, cyclones, and other weather events have increased the exposures of agriculture to climate risk. These processes are hampered by a lack of appropriate climatic elements, resulting in an unfavourable drop in crop productivity. Increased frequency and intensity of droughts and floods, as well as erratic precipitation patterns are predicted to increase year-to-year yield variability in crop production. Microclimate, which refers to the climatic elements in the immediate vicinity of the plants, is critical because it regulates and affects the physiological reactions of the plants as well as the energy exchange activities between the plant and its surroundings. Implementation of such microclimatic modifications in crop production are required to manage extreme weather risks and boost crop output in order to increase food security and agricultural sustainability in this changing climate. The goal of this paper is to improve crop production and land productivity by modifying microclimate as a manifestation of the efficiency and effectiveness of growth factor utilisation.

Keywords: Agriculture's vulnerability, Crop productivity, Climate change, Microclimatic modifications.
Drug-Induced Tardive Dyskinesia
Authors: Marianto Marianto , Kosim Hartono , Wedastra I Made
Published: September 2021

Drug-induced movement disorders could be classified into acute, subacute, and chronic based on the time of occurrence. Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is one of the most frequent long-term drug-induced movement disorders. Delay in treatment often caused TD to be irreversible. In this review, we will discuss TD in-depth to enhance clinician knowledge regarding the diagnosis, prevention, and comprehensive management of patients with TD.

Keywords: tardive dyskinesia, movement, disorder, antipsychotic.
Tabulatur von Kemberg von Beginn des 17. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Ziegler Reinald
Published: September 2021

Beschrieben werden die Kantoreiakten der Propstei Kemberg in Sachsen, die unter anderem Kantorei-Ordnungen, Mitglieder-Verzeichnisse, Rechenschaftsberichte sowie Stücke einer umfangreicheren Tabulatur beinhalten. Die Kantorei Kembergs zählte nachweislich mit zu den frühesten Vereinigungen dieser Art, und ihre Akten geben eine Vorstellung davon, auf welchem Niveau sich die musikalische Praxis zu Beginn des 17. Jahrhunderts in den Kleinstädten Mitteldeutschlands bewegte.

bms online (Cornelia Schöntube)
Primat der Melodie
Authors: Gerhard Anselm
Published: September 2021

Um vor dem Hintergrund der seltenen Analysen von Melodien aufzuzeigen, wie viel eine radikal an der Melodie orientierte musikalische Analyse leisten kann, werden ausgewählte Schlüsselszenen aus Verdis Oeuvre unter dem Kriterium der gestischen Einfühlung und des dramatischen Kontexts möglichst genau beschrieben - unter bewusster Vernachlässigung der Orchesterbegleitung. Neben den konkreten Analysen von Szenen aus "Un ballo in maschera", "Aida", "Otello" und "Don Carlos" stehen Überlegungen, die über den Einzelfall und über Verdi hinausweisen sollen. An einem Chor aus "I masnadieri" wird die These zugespitzt, dass Verdi bisweilen bewusst regelwidrige Eingriffe in die Deklamation der von ihm in Auftrag gegebenen Verse vorgenommen hat, um eine genuin musikdramatische Aussage so scharf wie möglich mit melodischen Mitteln konturieren zu können.

bms online (Cornelia Schöntube)
Ernst Kurths Nachlass in Bern
Authors: Schmid Nora
Published: September 2021

Detaillierte Informationen zum Inventar des Kurth-Nachlasses unter www.musik.unibe.ch.
Die Grenzen der dreistimmigen Trecento-Satztechnik
Authors: Rotter-Broman Signe
Published: September 2021

Ein bedeutender Teil der um 1400 in Italien entstandenen Liedsätze ist sowohl in zwei- als auch in dreistimmigen Fassungen überliefert. Ein Original ist dabei - entgegen älteren Forschungsparadigmen - nicht zu ermitteln. Zum einen sind die Quellen in enger zeitlicher und räumlicher Nähe entstanden, zum anderen besteht keine Regelmäßigkeit in den Überlieferungsmodellen, wie anhand der Mehrfachüberlieferung bei Bartolino da Padova im Detail gezeigt wird. Dieser Quellenbefund hat Konsequenzen für die Analyse. Liedsätze sind Teil einer dreistimmigen Praxis, in der die kategorische Trennung zwischen Liedsätzen für zwei und für drei Stimmen nicht angemessen ist.
Zensurverfahren gegen Giuseppe Verdis "Don Carlo" vor der Römischen Inquisition
Authors: Höink Dominik
Published: September 2021

Einen exzeptionellen Sonderfall eines Inquisitionsverfahrens im Rom des 19. Jahrhunderts stellt die Verhandlung von Giuseppe Verdis "Don Carlo" dar. Auf der Grundlage der Akten aus dem Archiv der Glaubenskongregation wird das Verfahren nachgezeichnet und in einem editorischen Anhang das Gutachten dargeboten. Ersichtlich wird an diesem Verfahren eine Facette des kirchlichen Umgangs mit liberalen Ideen zur Zeit Pius IX.
Was ist "echte" ungarische Volksmusik?
Authors: Sárosi Bálint
Published: September 2021

Schon Béla Bartók und Zoltán Kodály haben versucht, das ungarische Volk musikalisch zu "erziehen", indem sie dem Volk nur besonders ausgewählte Lieder darboten. Doch dieser Versuch blieb, wie auch spätere, erfolglos, da das Volk die Volkslieder nur zur Entspannung und Unterhaltung gebraucht. Dies findet es insbesondere in der Zigeunermusik, die auch echte ungarische Volksmusik ist. Ungarische Volksmusik kennt man seit langer Zeit überall auf der Welt durch die Zigeunermusik, die ihre Ursprünge in Ungarn im 15. Jahrhundert hat.

bms online (Mano Eßwein)
Beweis oder Vermutung?
Authors: Staehelin Martin
Published: September 2021

Die im Jahre 2007 faksimilierten Weimarer Orgeltabulaturblätter enthalten u.a. zwei um 1700 notierte Faszikel mit Kompositionen Reinckens und Buxtehudes, die nach Meinung der Herausgeber Michael Maul und Peter Wollny als "die frühesten Notenhandschriften Johann Sebastian Bachs" zu gelten hätten. Die Auffassung, hier sei Bachs frühe Hand faßbar, erscheint jedoch zweifelhaft, weil einmal die desperate Überlieferungslage früher Bachscher Schriftzeugnisse kaum Vergleiche erlaubt, sodann die verglichenen Schriftbilder teilweise durchaus voneinander abweichen und die Autoren auch aufgrund fiktiver Bachscher Schriftstadien argumentieren. Es kommt schließlich dazu, daß ein autographes Bachsches Kolophon auf Faszikel I die angeblich von Bachs Hand stammende Tabulaturniederschrift ausdrücklich als Leistung Georg Böhms bezeichnet; dieses Kolophon wird von den Autoren zwar richtig übersetzt, aber die zugehörige Tabulatur als eine Niederschrift Bachs "bei" Böhm interpretiert. Da diese nur entweder von Bach oder von Böhm stammen kann, bleiben alle Bemühungen, in dieser Quelle eine direkte persönliche Nähe Bachs zu Böhm dokumentiert sehen und gar die musikalische Jugendgeschichte Bachs neu schreiben zu wollen, spekulativ und ungewiß. Schließlich weist der Aufsatz auf äußerliche Ähnlichkeiten der fraglichen Niederschriften zu solchen der Möllerschen Handschrift hin, welche die Weimarer Notationen eher in die Nähe zu Bachs Bruder Johann Christoph in Ohrdruf rücken.
Fragment zur Orgelbegleitung von Sequenzen
Authors: Traub Andreas
Published: September 2021

Es wird ein Fragment bekannt gemacht, in dem textlose Sequenzmelodien aufgezeichnet sind. Sie sind durch die Angaben "Cho" (Chorus) und "Orga" (Organum) offensichtlich für eine Alternatimaufführung unter Beteiligung der Orgel eingerichtet.

bms online (Cornelia Schöntube)
Das Präludium im deutschsprachigen Raum im 15. und 16. Jahrhundert
Authors: Schöning Kateryna
Published: September 2021

Jeder Versuch, das frühe Präludium als Gattung zu definieren, stößt methodisch rasch an Grenzen, da sich die Begriffe 'Gattung', 'Gattungstyp' und auch 'Stil' auf die Instrumentalmusik des 15. und 16. Jahrhunderts nur schwer anwenden lassen. Es stellt sich die Frage, ob es sich hierbei um eine Gattung, eine gattungsstilistische Form oder eine offene stilistische Form handelt. Der aktuelle Stand der Gattungsdiskussion wird betrachtet, die Präludien werden mit traditionellen Gattungsschemata verglichen und es wird eine Typisierung der Präludien vorgenommen. Untersucht werden Orgel- und Lautenpräludien des 15. und 16. Jahrhunderts im deutschsprachigen Raum, insgesamt mehr als hundert Kompositionen.

bms online (Cornelia Schöntube)
Friedrich Kittlers Bedeutung für die Musikwissenschaft
Authors: Bayreuther Rainer
Published: September 2021

Kittlers akustische Medientheorie ist eine Herausforderung für die Musikwissenschaft, der sie sich stellen sollte. Sein gesamtes Werk hindurch, besonders im unvollendeten Werk "Musik und Mathematik", thematisiert er Grundprobleme der Musikwissenschaft, die diese selbst nur unzureichend bearbeitet: die falsche Alternative Musik aus der Sprache/Sprache aus der Musik; die Tatsache, dass Musik zugleich auf grundlegendere Medien angewiesen, zugleich aber selbst Medium für Semantiken ist; daraus folgend die verifikatorische Funktion von Musik für Semantiken mit per se unentscheidbarem Wahrheitswert; die Rolle der Musik in Konzepten der Totalität und der Digitalisierung; die im Zusammenhang mit Musik unangemessenen Begriffe "Kultur" und "Geschichte".