bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Norms and values in socio-hydrological models
Authors: Roobavannan Mahendran , van Emmerik Tim H. M. , Elshafei Yasmina , Kandasamy Jaya , Sanderson Matthew , Vigneswaran Saravanamuthu , Pande Saket , Sivapalan Murugesu
Published: July 2017

Abstract. Sustainable water resources management relies on understanding how societies and water systems co-evolve. Many place-based socio-hydrology (SH) studies use proxies, such as environmental degradation, to capture key elements of the social component of system dynamics. Parameters of assumed relationships between environmental degradation and the human response to it are usually obtained through calibration. Since these relationships are not yet underpinned by social science theories, confidence in the predictive power of such place-based socio-hydrologic models remains low. The generalisability of SH models therefore requires major advances in incorporating more realistic relationships, underpinned by appropriate hydrological and social science data, and theories. The latter is a critical input, since human culture – especially values and norms arising from it – influences behaviour and the consequences of behaviours. This paper reviews a key social science theory that links cultural factors to environmental decision-making, assesses how to better incorporate social science insights to enhance SH models, and raises important questions to be addressed in moving forward. This is done in the context of recent progress in socio-hydrological studies and the gaps that remain to be filled. The paper concludes with a discussion of challenges and opportunities in terms of generalisation of SH models and the use of available data to allow future prediction and model transfer to ungauged basins.
Modeling nitrate from land surface to wells' perforations under agricultural land: success, failure, and future scenarios in a Mediterranean case study
Authors: Levy Yehuda , Shapira Roi H. , Chefetz Benny , Kurtzman Daniel
Published: July 2017

Abstract. Contamination of groundwater resources by nitrate leaching under agricultural land is probably the most troublesome agriculture-related water contamination worldwide. Contaminated areas often show large spatial variability of nitrate concentration in wells. In this study, we tried to assess whether this spatial variability can be characterized on the basis of land use and standard agricultural practices. Deep soil sampling (10 m) was used to calibrate vertical flow and nitrogen-transport numerical models of the unsaturated zone under different agricultural land uses. Vegetable fields (potato and strawberry) and deciduous orchards (persimmon) in the Sharon area overlying the coastal aquifer of Israel were examined. Average nitrate–nitrogen fluxes below vegetable fields were 210–290 kg ha−1 yr−1 and under deciduous orchards were 110–140 kg ha−1 yr−1. The output water and nitrate–nitrogen fluxes of the unsaturated-zone models were used as input data for a three-dimensional flow and nitrate-transport model in the aquifer under an area of 13.3 km2 of agricultural land. The area was subdivided into four agricultural land uses: vegetables, deciduous orchards, citrus orchards, and non-cultivated. Fluxes of water and nitrate–nitrogen below citrus orchards were taken from a previous study in the area. The groundwater flow model was calibrated to well heads by changing the hydraulic conductivity. The nitrate-transport model, which was fed by the above-mentioned models of the unsaturated zone, succeeded in reconstructing the average nitrate concentration in the wells. However, this transport model failed in calculating the high concentrations in the most contaminated wells and the large spatial variability of nitrate concentrations in the aquifer. To reconstruct the spatial variability and enable predictions, nitrate fluxes from the unsaturated zone were multiplied by local multipliers. This action was rationalized by the fact that the high concentrations in some wells cannot be explained by regular agricultural activity and are probably due to malfunctions in the well area. Prediction of the nitrate concentration 40 years in the future with three nitrogen-fertilization scenarios showed that (i) under the business as usual fertilization scenario, the nitrate concentration (as NO3−) will increase on average by 19 mg L−1; (ii) under a scenario of 25 % reduction of nitrogen fertilization, the nitrate concentration in the aquifer will stabilize; (iii) with a 50 % reduction of nitrogen fertilization, the nitrate concentration will decrease on average by 18 mg L−1.
Nonlinear modelling and dynamic stability analysis of a flexible Cartesian robotic manipulator with base disturbance and terminal load
Authors: Ju Jinyong , Li Wei , Fan Mengbao , Wang Yuqiao , Yang Xuefeng
Published: July 2017

Abstract. The flexible Cartesian robotic manipulator (FCRM) is coming into widespread application in industry. Because of the feeble rigidity and heavy deflection, the dynamic characteristics of the FCRM are easily influenced by external disturbances which mainly concentrate in the driving end and the load end. Thus, with the influence of driving base disturbance and terminal load considered, the motion differential equations of the FCRM under the plane motion of the base are constructed, which contain the forced and non-linear parametric excitations originated from the disturbances of base lateral and axial motion respectively. Considering the relationship between the coefficients of the motion differential equations and the mode shapes of the flexible manipulator, the analytic expressions of the mode shapes with terminal load are deduced. Then, based on multiple scales method and rectangular coordinate transformation, the average equations of the FCRM are derived to analyze the influence mechanism of base disturbance and terminal load on the system parametric vibration stability. The results show that terminal load mainly affects the node locations of mode shapes and mode frequencies of the FCRM, and the axial motion disturbance of the driving base introduces parametric excitation while the lateral motion disturbance generates forced excitation for the transverse vibration model of the FCRM. Furthermore, with the increase of the base excitation acceleration and terminal load, the parametric vibration instability region of the FCRM increases significantly. This study will be helpful for the dynamic characteristics analysis and vibration control of the FCRM.
Kalman-filter based stochastic-multiobjective network optimization
and maximal-distance Latin hypercube sampling for uncertain
inundation evacuation planning
Authors: Chang Tsang-Jung , Shih Yi-Hsuan , Hu Ming-Che
Published: July 2017

Abstract. The subject of this research is to develop Kalman-filter based stochastic-multiobjective network optimization and maximal-distance Latin hypercube sampling methods regarding uncertain inundation evacuation planning. First, this research proposes a maximal-distance Latin hypercube sampling method to seek maximal space-filling sampling in uncertain flooding factor space. Uncertain inundation factors including upstream inflow, downstream water level, and channel friction resistance uncertainty are considered. Incorporated with the sampling method, HEC-RAS hydraulic model simulates stochastic flooding scenarios. Next, a Kalman-filter based stochastic-multiobjective network optimization model is established for uncertain inundation evacuation. Kalman-filter method iteratively predicts the flooding state of the next stage and updates prediction and decision according to new measurements. Kalman-filter based stochastic-multiobjective programming determines optimal shelter capacity expansion in the here-and-now stage and the best evacuation planning for each scenario in the wait-and-see stage. A case study of stochastic inundation evacuation in Muzha, Taiwan, is conducted. The contribution of this study is to incorporate Kalman-filter based stochastic-multiobjective network programming, HEC-RAS hydraulic simulation model, and maximal-distance Latin hypercube sampling to analyze inundation evacuation planning under uncertainty. The results show tradeoff between shelter expansion and evacuation time; furthermore, decreasing marginal effect of capacity expansion for evacuation time reduction is presented.
Arctic Ocean surface geostrophic circulation 2003–2014
Authors: Armitage Thomas W. K. , Bacon Sheldon , Ridout Andy L. , Petty Alek A. , Wolbach Steven , Tsamados Michel
Published: July 2017

Abstract. Monitoring the surface circulation of the ice-covered Arctic Ocean is generally limited in space, time or both. We present a new 12-year record of geostrophic currents at monthly resolution in the ice-covered and ice-free Arctic Ocean derived from satellite radar altimetry and characterise their seasonal to decadal variability from 2003 to 2014, a period of rapid environmental change in the Arctic. Geostrophic currents around the Arctic basin increased in the late 2000s, with the largest increases observed in summer. Currents in the southeastern Beaufort Gyre accelerated in late 2007 with higher current speeds sustained until 2011, after which they decreased to speeds representative of the period 2003–2006. The strength of the northwestward current in the southwest Beaufort Gyre more than doubled between 2003 and 2014. This pattern of changing currents is linked to shifting of the gyre circulation to the northwest during the time period. The Beaufort Gyre circulation and Fram Strait current are strongest in winter, modulated by the seasonal strength of the atmospheric circulation. We find high eddy kinetic energy (EKE) congruent with features of the seafloor bathymetry that are greater in winter than summer, and estimates of EKE and eddy diffusivity in the Beaufort Sea are consistent with those predicted from theoretical considerations. The variability of Arctic Ocean geostrophic circulation highlights the interplay between seasonally variable atmospheric forcing and ice conditions, on a backdrop of long-term changes to the Arctic sea ice–ocean system. Studies point to various mechanisms influencing the observed increase in Arctic Ocean surface stress, and hence geostrophic currents, in the 2000s – e.g. decreased ice concentration/thickness, changing atmospheric forcing, changing ice pack morphology; however, more work is needed to refine the representation of atmosphere–ice–ocean coupling in models before we can fully attribute causality to these increases.
Fugacidades e inanidades en Nada y Bracea de Malú Urriola
Authors: Rojas Gonzalo Ignacio
Published: July 2017

El presente trabajo propone analizar los dos últimos textos de Malú Urriola: Nada y Bracea, los cuales son parte de una trilogía por construir. Para este propósito, se revisarán  ambos textos desde anclajes teóricos como el rizoma (Deleuze y Guattari) y el concepto de differance (Derrida) para ver el discurso poético como agenciamiento en la representación de la palabra poética en un otro; además de las mixturas de nociones estéticas como el despabilamiento, rebote, fugacidad e intermedio. Estos anclajes y mixturas se ponen en tensión en esta trilogía por hacer y así responder al cruce que se dan en estos textos entre la expresión poética y su inanidad como representación del ser que habla.
Metamorfosis: La animalidad y el mito en La Metamorfosis de Kafka y Axolotl de Cortázar
Authors: Villalobos Díaz Catalina
Published: July 2017

El presente artículo propone una lectura de la animalidad, principalmente de la metamorfosis, por medio de dos relatos de dos grandes escritores de la literatura: Axolotl, de Julio Cortázar, y La Metamorfosis, de Franz Kafka. A través de estos textos, se plantea un análisis con respecto a lo que representa una transformación y el mito tras la metamorfosis como tal.
Reseña. Osvaldo Rodríguez Musso, El día que me quieras, Viña del Mar: Ediciones Altazor, 2014
Authors: Rojas Castro Braulio
Published: July 2017

RESEÑA
Exploration of the Effects of Telerehabilitation in a School-Based Setting for At-Risk Youth
Authors: Benham Sara , Gibbs Varleisha
Published: July 2017

This study explored the efficacy and feasibility of a motion-capture program that may be utilized for telerehabilitation purposes. Two children attending a school for at-risk children received 20 sessions of Timocco, with sessions lasting for 30 minutes, under the guidance of research assistants. The researchers employed a mixed methods design to analyze quantitative data and qualitative interviews. Both children improved their fine and gross motor coordination, as measured on the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency Short Form. To explore feasibly, qualitative verbal reports of the child participants and research assistants were obtained. The children and research assistants reported positive experiences with the utilization of this platform. A collaborative, consultative telerehabilitation model may be a promising delivery mode of services for improving motor skills in children, with frequent input from the child, aide or teacher, and clinician. Further exploration is needed for telerehabilitative service delivery for at-risk children.
Erratum
Authors: Tsavourelou Aphrodite
Published: July 2017

Correction to: Tsavourelou, A., Stylianides, N., Papadopoulos, A., Dikaiakos, M. D., Nanas, S., Kyprianou, T., Tokmakidis, S. P. (2016). Telerehabilitation solution conceptual paper for community-based exercise rehabilitation of patients discharged after critical illness.  International Journal of Telerehabilitation, 8(2), 61-70. doi: 10.5195/ijt.2016.6205. The sixth author’s name was misspelled. It should read: Kyprianou. A corrected version has been made available at https://doi.org/10.5195/ijt.2016.6205.
A Commentary on Telerehabilitation Services in Pakistan: Current Trends and Future Possibilities
Authors: Zahid Zeshan , Atique Suleman , Saghir Muhammad Hammad , Ali Iftikhar , Shahid Amna , Malik Rehan Ali
Published: July 2017

A 2014 World Health Organization (WHO) study reported that almost 27 million people with disability live in Pakistan with fewer than one allied rehabilitation professional per 10,000 people. The current study sought to determine the attitudes toward telerehabilitation via a survey administered to 329 Pakistani rehabilitation professionals. Study results indicate that rehabilitation professionals in Pakistan are knowledgeable about telerehabilitation and Information and Communication Technology (ICT), and are receptive to employing telerehabilitation programs and applications. Therefore, we can infer that the future of telerehabilitation can be bright in Pakistan but requires the attention of policy makers and non-government organizations to launch an appropriate program nationwide. The authors suggest that a range of telerehabilitation services (e.g., consultation, assessment, and therapy) could alleviate the shortage of rehabilitation personnel in Pakistan.
Front Matter
Authors: Law & Commerce Journal of
Published: July 2017

N/A
Updating search strategies for systematic reviews using EndNote
Authors: Bramer Wichor , Bain Paul
Published: July 2017

A new method is described to update search strategies in multiple databases without the use of date limits. By deduplication of the most recent EndNote library with the EndNote library created at the time of the earlier search only recently added references or older references now retrieved by a changed search strategy remain.
Essential Evidence Plus
Authors: Koos Jessica A.
Published: July 2017

Essential Evidence Plus (EEP) is a point-of-care tool that was created to assist clinicians with evidence-based practice.
Compliance of systematic reviews in veterinary journals with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) literature search reporting guidelines
Authors: Toews Lorraine C.
Published: July 2017

Objective: Complete, accurate reporting of systematic reviews facilitates assessment of how well reviews have been conducted. The primary objective of this study was to examine compliance of systematic reviews in veterinary journals with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines for literature search reporting and to examine the completeness, bias, and reproducibility of the searches in these reviews from what was reported. The second objective was to examine reporting of the credentials and contributions of those involved in the search process.Methods: A sample of systematic reviews or meta-analyses published in veterinary journals between 2011 and 2015 was obtained by searching PubMed. Reporting in the full text of each review was checked against certain PRISMA checklist items.Results: Over one-third of reviews (37%) did not search the CAB Abstracts database, and 9% of reviews searched only 1 database. Over two-thirds of reviews (65%) did not report any search for grey literature or stated they excluded grey literature. The majority of reviews (95%) did not report a reproducible search strategy.Conclusions: Most reviews had significant deficiencies in reporting the search process that raise questions about how these searches were conducted and ultimately cast serious doubts on the validity and reliability of reviews based on a potentially biased and incomplete body of literature. These deficiencies also highlight the need for veterinary journal editors and publishers to be more rigorous in requiring adherence to PRISMA guidelines and to encourage veterinary researchers to include librarians or information specialists on systematic review teams to improve the quality and reporting of searches. This article has been approved for the Medical Library Association’s Independent Reading Program.
Practical Tips for Developing Your Staff
Authors: Earl Martha
Published: July 2017

This work, part of the Practical Tips for Library and Information Professionals series, was developed to provide creative tips-based approaches and best-practice ideas supporting innovation and adaptation in the constantly changing library environment.
Surveying hospital nurses to discover educational needs and preferences
Authors: Lindsay J. Michael , Oelschlegel Sandy , Earl Martha
Published: July 2017

Objective: The author investigated the educational needs of nurses in an American Nurses Credentialing Center Magnet hospital to determine topics of interest, instruction time and delivery preferences, and interest in a research information skills certificate provided by the library.Methods: A 9-question survey was distributed to 1,500 nursing staff of the hospital through email.Results: Surveys were completed by 865 respondents, which represented a response rate of 58%. The majority of respondents were registered nurses, licensed practical nurses, and paramedics (81%), and day-shift workers (65%). For education topics, nursing staff placed the highest priority on finding health-related mobile apps for professionals and developing evidence-based research skills. For mode of delivery, respondents expressed a preference for unit-based in-service, computer-based tutorials, and hands-on computer training. Most (70%) respondents expressed an interest in participating in a research information skills certificate program.Conclusions: Our survey results reveal an avenue for reinvigorating and updating the library’s educational program to match the needs of nursing staff and may offer valuable insight for other libraries seeking to do the same. This article has been approved for the Medical Library Association’s Independent Reading Program.
PACIENTŲ, PATYRUSIŲ GALVOS SMEGENŲ INSULTĄ, KASDIENIŲ
VEIKLŲ ATLIKIMO IR PAŽEISTOS RANKOS FUNKCIJOS
VERTINIMAS REABILITACIJOS EIGOJE BEI
TAIKANT ERGOTERAPIJĄ NAMUOSE
Authors: Rapolienė Jolita , Pivorienė Laura
Published: July 2017

Insultas – tai liga, sukelianti neįgalumą, dėl sutrikusios
kraujotakos smegenyse, liga, sukelta dėl cerebrovaskulinių
sutrikimų, širdies ligų ar cukrinio diabeto
(1). Daugelio šalių gyventojų dažniausia mirties priežastis
yra lėtinės neinfekcinės (LNL), ypač širdies ir
kraujagyslių, ligos (ŠKL).
Dažniausia insulto pasekmė yra vienos kūno pusės
paralyžius, dėl ko vystosi koordinacijos, pusiausvyros,
judėjimo sutrikimai.
Sergančiųjų galvos smegenų insultu ergoterapija Lietuvoje
tyrinėjama, tačiau yra nedaug duomenų, kaip
pakinta ligonių, patyrusių galvos smegenų insultą,
kasdienės veiklos bei pažeistos rankos funkcija ne
tik reabilitacijos metu, bet ir tęsiant ergoterapiją namuose.
Darbo tikslas: įvertinti pacientų, patyrusių galvos
smegenų insultą, kasdienių veiklų atlikimą, pažeistos
rankos funkciją reabilitacijos eigoje bei taikant
ergoterapiją namuose.
Metodika: tyrime dalyvavo 60 pacientų, kuriems
buvo diagnozuotas galvos smegenų insultas dešiniajame
galvos smegenų pusrutulyje. Pacientai buvo
suskirstyti: 1 grupė n=30 tiriamųjų, kuriems buvo sudaryta
ergoterapijos namų programa ir 2 grupė n=30
tiriamųjų grįžo į namus ir atliko tik kasdienines veiklas,
be papildomos ergoterapijos programos.
Tyrimo medžiaga ir metodai. Tyrimas buvo atliekamas
nuo 2016 m. rugpjūčio – 2017 m. sausio mėnesio.
Visiems tiriamiesiems buvo taikytas klausimynas
(anketa), Funkcinio nepriklausomumo testas
(FNT), dinamometrija, Frenchay parezinės rankos
miklumo testas.
Rezultatai. Pacientams, patyrusiems galvos smegenų
insultą, pažeistos rankos raumenų jėga atsistato greičiau
taikant ergoterapijos namų programą su papildomomis
ergoterpijos užduotimis.
Išvados. Visiems tiriamiesiems po pusės metų nustatytas
statistiškai reikšmingas savarankiškumo pagerėjimas
(p<0,05), 1 grupės tiriamieji gebėjo savarankiškai
atlikti kasdienes veiklas ir tik atliekant
sudėtingesnes veiklas išliko modifikuotos pagalbos
būtinybė, o 2 grupės tiriamiesiems - būtina minimali/
vidutinė kito asmens pagalba. Taip pat visiems tiriamiesiems
po pusės metų rankos miklumas statistiškai
reikšmingai pagerėjo (p<0,05). Abiejų grupių tiriamiesiems
po pusės metų rankų raumenų jėga statistiškai
reikšmingai padidėjo (p<0,05). Nustatytas
statistiškai reikšmingas skirtumas tarp grupių po 6
mėnesių. Rankų miklumas statistiškai reikšmingai
siejasi su parezinės rankos plaštakos raumenų jėga
ir su pacientų savarankiškumu atliekant kasdienes
veiklas.
Inocybe ahmadii sp. nov. and a new record of I. leptocystis from Pakistan
Authors: Farooqi Ayesha , Aqdus Fauzia , Niazi Abdul Rehman , Jabeen Sana , Khalid Abdul Nasir
Published: July 2017

Two smooth-spored Inocybe species, I. ahmadii (a new taxon) and I. leptocystis, were collected from moist temperate forests of Pakistan and identified based on molecular phylogenetic analysis and assessment of macro- and micro-morphological characters. Inocybe
ahmadii is described as new based on its smooth phaseoliform to sub-amygdaliform basidiospores, pinkish brown lamellae, white stipe surface that is brownish at the apex, broadly lageniform hyaline pleurocystidia, and similar but more frequent cheilocystidia. Our I. leptocystis
specimen, molecularly supported as conspecific with specimens from Austria, China, Italy, and Finland, represents a first record of the species from Pakistan.
Xylaria nelumboniformis sp. nov. from tropical China
Authors: Ma Hai-xia , Vasilyeva Larissa , Li Yu
Published: July 2017

A new pyrenomycetous fungus from the tropical forest of Hainan Province, southern China, Xylaria nelumboniformis, is described and illustrated. The new species is characterized by having lotus-leaf shaped fertile stromatal apices, a flattened surface with conspicuously tomentose
edges, and navicular to crescent-shaped ascospores (23–27.5 × 7.5–9 μm) with a short oblique germ slit.
Neozygites linanensis sp. nov., a fungal pathogen infecting bamboo aphids in southeast China
Authors: Zhou Xiang , Montalva Cristian , Arismendi Nolberto , Hong Fei
Published: July 2017

Neozygites linanensis sp. nov. was identified as infecting the aphid Takecallis taiwanus collected on bamboo plants, Chimonobambusa quadrangularis, in the Lin'an region of southeast China during spring and summer 2014. This is the first record of a Neozygites
species on T. taiwanus. The Chinese Neozygites specimen is described, illustrated, and discussed. The phylogenetic relationship among selected Neozygites species is evaluated based on the successful sequence of the SSU rDNA gene from the new fungus.
A reassessment of Hourangia cheoi from Yunnan, China
Authors: Gelardi Matteo , Vizzini Alfredo , Ercole Enrico
Published: July 2017

A recent collection of Hourangia cheoi (Boletaceae, Boletales) from near the type locality in Yunnan Province, southwestern China, is described in detail and illustrated, and its nrITS and nrLSU rDNA sequences are included in molecular phylogenetic analyses. Comparisons
with closely related xerocomoid taxa are also provided.
Bharatheeya coronata sp. nov., a conidial fungus from Brazil
Authors: Conceição Lucas Barbosa , Marques Marcos Fabio Oliveira , Monteiro Josiane Santana , Gusmão Luís Fernando Pascholati , Barbosa Flavia Rodrigues , Castañeda-Ruiz Rafael F.
Published: July 2017

Bharatheeya coronata, collected from decaying twigs in Bahia state, Brazil, is described and illustrated. The new species differs from both other Bharatheeya species by its smooth conidiophores, terminal conidiogenous cells that are truncate at the apex, and coronate,
1-distoseptate, pale brown conidia.
New records of Ascomycota from tropical dry forest in Sonora, Mexico
Authors: Raymundo Tania , Coronado Martha L. , Gutiérrez Aldo , Esqueda Martín , Valenzuela Ricardo
Published: July 2017

—Eight new records of ascomycetes from Sierra de Álamos-Río Cuchujaqui Biosphere Reserve in Sonora, Mexico are reported. Hypoxylon anomalum and Munkovalsaria donacina represent new records for Mexico, while Bionectria byssicola, Fracchiaea
heterogenea, Hypoxylon lenormandii, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, Peroneutypa scoparia, and Pseudocosmospora vilior are new records for Sonora.
Sporormiella longicolla sp. nov. and new Sporormiella records on herbivore dung from Brazil
Authors: Melo Roger Fagner Ribeiro , Miller Andrew N. , Maia Leonor Costa
Published: July 2017

Seven species of Sporormiella are reported from fresh dung collected in a survey including different vegetation areas throughout Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil. An undescribed, long-necked, small-spored species is proposed as Sporormiella longicolla. Sporormiella isomera
is a new record for the Neotropics; S. australis, S. leporina, and S. pentamera are new records for Brazil; and S. herculea (a rare species) and S. minima are also recorded. Descriptions, photographic plates and digital
line drawings are provided, along with an identification key to all Sporormiella species recorded in Brazil. Substrate relationships and distribution data of these fungi are also discussed.
CONSUMO DE ESTIMULANTES CEREBRAIS EM ACADÊMICOS DA ÁREA DA SAÚDE NA CIDADE DE PONTA GROSSA-PR
Authors: CORDEIRO Nicolas , PINTO Rodrigo Moreira Caetano
Published: July 2017

Os estimulantes cerebrais são medicamentos capazes de aumentar a capacidade cognitiva através da estimulação cerebral. Há uma tendência de consumo dessas substâncias em indivíduos saudáveis com o intuito de intensificar o desempenho acadêmico, principalmente em jovens universitários. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar os hábitos de consumo de estimulantes cerebrais em acadêmicos da área da saúde das faculdades particulares na cidade de Ponta Grossa-PR. Para isso foram aplicados formulários compostos com 10 perguntas referentes ao tema, de forma anônima, no período de novembro de 2015. Participaram 793 acadêmicos, 70,9% do sexo feminino e 29,10% do masculino, com idade predominantemente entre 18 e 25 anos. Dentre os acadêmicos, 9,8% relatou consumir algum estimulante cerebral durante a vida (Ginkgo biloba, metilfenidato, modafinila ou piracetam). O medicamento mais consumido de forma off-label foi o Ginkgo biloba, 5,65%, seguido do metilfenidato, 5,3%. A forma mais citada do conhecimento sobre os estimulantes foi durante a graduação, 24,5%. A modafinila é o medicamento mais desconhecido pelos estudantes. As motivações para o consumo foram o aumento da capacidade cognitiva, com o intuito de realizar tarefas específicas como trabalhos ou projetos. Dos usuários de Ginkgo biloba, cerca de 50,8% não percebeu nenhum efeito significativo. Já quem fez uso de metilfenidato, 85 % relatou uma melhora em sua capacidade de memorização e planejamento de ideias. O metilfenidato foi o medicamento que apresentou efeitos colaterais entre os usuários. O consumo de psicoestimulantes é considerado um comportamento de risco, principalmente pelo seu potencial elevado de efeitos adversos.
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Authors: . . .
Published: July 2017

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AVALIAÇÃO DA EFICIÊNCIA DOS REGIMES PRÓPRIOS DE PREVIDÊNCIA SOCIAL (RPPS) A PARTIR DA METODOLOGIA DEA
Authors: Sousa Luana Borges , Araújo Adriano Firmino V.
Published: July 2017

Esse estudo objetiva avaliar a eficiência dos Regimes Próprios de Previdência Social (RPPS) para os estados e capitais estaduais no ano de 2014. Para tanto, foi utilizado o Modelo de Envoltória de Dados (DEA). Constatou-se que os RPPS dos estados do Distrito Federal e Amazonas são os dois mais eficientes, independentemente do tipo de retorno de escala que se considere. No caso das capitais, Natal-RN configura na primeira posição e São Luís-MA configura na última posição, independentemente do tipo de retorno de escala considerado.
TRANSMISSÃO DE PREÇOS AO LONGO DAS CADEIAS PRODUTIVAS DO BRASIL
Authors: Bini Dienice Ana , Canever Mario Duarte , De Souza Mirian Oliveira , Ely Regis Augusto
Published: July 2017

Este artigo analisa se variações no preço internacional do petróleo são transmitidas para os preços domésticos dos fertilizantes: cloreto de potássio, sulfato de amônia e superfosfato simples e das commodities:milho, soja e frango. Avalia-se também se variações nos preços dos fertilizantes são repassadas para os grãos e dos grãos para o frango.Para tal análise foi estimado um modelo VEC com base em séries mensais de preços no período de agosto/1994 a março/2014. Constatou-se transmissão dos preços do petróleo para os três fertilizantes e para o frango, mas não para os grãos. Não foi detectada transmissão dos preços dos fertilizantes para os grãos. Observou-se que variações no preço da soja são transferidas para o preço do milho e destas duas commodities agrícolas para o preço do frango. Além disso, verificou-se que a taxa de câmbio influencia os preços dos fertilizantes:cloreto de potássio e sulfato de amônia.
DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE RENDA E CRESCIMENTO ECONÔMICO NO BRASIL: UMA ANÁLISE ECONOMÉTRICA DO PERÍODO 1976-2010
Authors: Dos Santos Moisés Pais , Cunha Marina Silva da , Gadelha Sérgio Ricardo de Brito
Published: July 2017

O modelo brasileiro de crescimento econômico predominante se caracteriza por baixas taxas de crescimento, grau reduzido de dinamismo e intensa desigualdade social. Esta pesquisa se norteia pela seguinte questão: de que forma e em que magnitude a distribuição de renda e o crescimento econômico brasileiro tem se inter-relacionado ao longo do período 1976-2012? O objetivo deste trabalho é estudar as relações de longo prazo entre a distribuição de renda e crescimento econômico no Brasil. Tanto a modelagem VEC quanto os modelos autorregressivos de defasagens distribuídas (ADLs) sugeriram a existência, no sentido de Granger, de bicausalidade da desigualdade para o crescimento e do crescimento para a desigualdade.
SETORES-CHAVE E ÍNDICES DE LIGAÇÕES NO MUNICÍPIO DE LONDRINA-PARANÁ
Authors: Carvalho Renato Rugene de , Sesso Filho Umberto Antonio , Oliveira Lorena Regina , Ruivo Willian , Brene Paulo Rogério Alves
Published: July 2017

Este artigo tem como objetivo estimar o sistema inter-regional de insumo-produto Londrina-Paraná-Restante do Brasil para o ano de 2013, tornando possível a identificação de setores-chave para nortear políticas de desenvolvimento do município que proporcionem o maior retorno em termos de desenvolvimento econômico e social. Os resultados mostram que os setores com maior capacidade de geração de empregos locais são 17-Saúde; 16-Educação; 18-Artes, cultura e recreação; 19-Outras atividades de serviços; e 14-Atividades administrativas e serviços complementares. As atividades econômicas de Londrina com maiores valores para o multiplicador de produção são 3-Indústria de transformação; 8-Transporte; 6-Construção; 9-Alojamento e alimentação; e 13-Informação e comunicação. Os setores-chave para a geração de rendimento formal em Londrina foram identificados como 16-Educação; 17-Saúde; 15-Administração pública; 13-Atividades profissionais, científicas e técnicas; 18-Artes, cultura, esporte e recreação. As 3-Indústrias de transformação; 8-Transporte; e 10-Informação e comunicação; foram identificadas como importantes com valores maiores de índices de ligações intersetoriais.
DESEMPENHO DO MODELO SWAT PARA DIFERENTES CRITÉRIOS DE GERAÇÃO DE UNIDADES DE RESPOSTA HIDROLÓGICA
Authors: Bueno Eduardo De Oliveira , De Oliveira Vinícius Augusto , Viola Marcelo Ribeiro , De Mello Carlos Rogério
Published: July 2017

A subjetividade no uso do modelo SWAT, no que diz respeito à escolha de critérios para discretização espacial da área de estudo em sub-bacias e para geração das unidades de resposta hidrológica (URHs) foi a questão que motivou a elaboração deste artigo. Foram comparados os resultados obtidos (vazões mensais) com o modelo hidrológico SWAT na simulação mensal de uma bacia hidrográfica com 2030 Km2 de área de drenagem (rio Grande, MG), adotando diferentes critérios de geração de URHs e de discretização em sub-bacias. Foi observado que a configuração do modelo SWAT com um maior número de sub-bacias e a adoção de URHs múltiplas apresentou melhores resultados, na calibração e validação, no passo de tempo mensal, do que o cenário com menor detalhamento da rede de drenagem e apenas uma URH por sub-bacia. Observou-se também que uma maior discretização da bacia do rio Grande em termos de sub-bacias e de URHs propiciou melhor qualidade estatística na simulação de vazões médias. Dentre os três critérios de geração de URHs analisados, houveram poucas diferenças entre os resultados dos métodos que geram uma única URH por sub-bacia (URH Predominante e Classes Predominantes). Entretanto, observou-se uma melhoria significativa no desempenho do modelo, expresso nas estatísticas de precisão NS (coeficiente de Nash-Sutcliffe) e PBIAS (tendência), ao se considerar o método que gera mais de uma URH por sub-bacia (URHs Múltiplas), possibilitando concluir que o maior grau de discretização espacial proporcionou melhores resultados na simulação hidrológica.
PERFORMANCE PRODUCTIVE OF EARLY SUGARCANE GENOTYPES IN RIO GRANDE DO SUL STATE, BRAZIL
Authors: Antunes William Rodrigues , Schöffel Edgar Ricardo , Silva Sergio Delmar dos Anjos e , Härter Adílson , Campos Alexssandra Dayanne Soares de , Montero Cândida Raquel Scherrer
Published: July 2017

O Brasil é o maior produtor mundial de cana-de-açúcar, sendo o estado do Rio Grande do Sul considerado uma região de expansão da cultura, carecendo de estudos relacionados à adaptabilidade e estabilidade de novos genótipos de cana-de-açúcar. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a adaptabilidade e estabilidade de genótipos de cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum spp.) de ciclo precoce, quanto à produção de colmos, açúcar e eficiência da conversão de energia solar em produção, no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Foram avaliados 13 genótipos, em nove ambientes. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos ao acaso, com três repetições. As variáveis utilizadas para a análise AMMI (Análise de efeitos principais aditivos e interações multiplicativas) foram produtividade de colmos, de açúcar e eficiência da conversão de energia solar em produção. Os resultados revelaram que entre os genótipos de maturação precoce, o RB975932 (G12) foi superior a cultivar testemunha RB855156 em estabilidade, produtividade e eficiência da conversão de energia solarem produção. Os ambientes de teste de maior produtividade foram São Luiz Gonzaga, para primeira soca, e Santa Rosa tanto como cana planta como para primeira soca.
Resistência do solo a penetração e desenvolvimento radicular da soja sob sistema plantio direto com tráfego controlado de máquinas agrícolas
Authors: Girardello Vitor Cauduro , Amado Telmo Jorge Carneiro Amado Jorge Carneio , Santi Antonio Luis Santi Luis , Lanzanova Mastrângello Enivar Lanzanova Enivar , Tasca Aldo Tasca
Published: July 2017

O tráfego intenso de máquinas agrícolas de grande porte sob condições de elevada umidade do solo induz a ocorrência da compactação. A ausência de mobilização em áreas manejadas sob sistema plantio direto pode fazer com que esta compactação permaneça por longo tempo. Ordenar o tráfego de máquinas agrícolas (tráfego controlado) é uma de mitigar as perdas de produtividade das culturas associadas a compactação do solo e incrementar o rendimento operacional das máquinas agrícolas. Este estudo foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar as modificações imposta pelo tráfego controlado de máquinas na resistência do solo a penetração, no desenvolvimento do sistema radicular e na produtividade da soja. O solo do local é classificado como Latossolo Vermelho com textura muito argilosa. Os tratamentos investigados foram: (a) Sem tráfego de máquinas (ST); (b) Tráfego de pulverizador (TP) e (c) Tráfego intenso, acumulando passagens de pulverizador e de conjunto trator-semeadora (TI). O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos inteiramente casualizados, com 3 blocos e 5 repetições em cada bloco. A implantação parcial do sistema de tráfego controlado aumentou a resistência do solo a penetração em locais onde ocorreu o tráfego das máquinas, porém não atingiu valores críticos. O sistema radicular da soja apresentou maior comprimento na camada entre 0,10-0,30 m no tratamento sem tráfego, que apresentou produtividade de grãos 7 % maior que o tratamento com tráfego máximo.
TEMPERATURA E UMIDADE DO SOLO EM SISTEMA DE INTEGRAÇÃO SOJA-BOVINOS DE CORTE COM DIFERENTES MANEJOS DA ALTURA DO PASTO
Authors: Bonetti João De Andrade , Anghinoni Ibanor , Zulpo Lucas
Published: July 2017

O manejo de bovinos em sistemas integrados de produção agropecuária reduz a biomassa, podendo alterar a dinâmica dos atributos do solo. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos relacionados à altura de manejo do pasto, na cobertura, umidade e temperatura do solo, durante o pastejo e o cultivo de soja. A altura de manejo do pasto foi de 10, 20, 30, 40 cm e sem pastejo. Os atributos de solo foram determinados nas camadas 0-5, 5-10 e 10-20 cm, sendo; caracterização física, umidade do solo e temperatura do solo no período noturno e diurno.  A biomassa sobre o solo, no ciclo de pasto, foi determinada coletando amostras a cada mês. As diferentes intensidades de pastejo reduziram a biomassa sobre o solo, sendo que no mês de setembro a biomassa residual foi de 0,48 Mg ha-1 no pasto mantido a 10 cm de altura e 5,81 Mg ha-1 no sem pastejo. A umidade do solo foi pouco alterada, sendo esse resultado relacionado a precipitação regular e acima da média regional. A maior temperatura do solo no início do cultivo do pasto e da soja foi observada nas áreas com maior intensidade de pastejo. A redução da biomassa do pasto, em função do pastejo, proporcionou maior temperatura do solo durante o dia e menor durante a noite, fato que aumentou a amplitude de temperatura, especialmente no pasto mantido a 10 e 20 cm de altura.
Resposta da inoculação com Azospirillum brasilense nas culturas de trigo e de milho safrinha
Authors: MUMBACH GILMAR LUIZ , Kotowski Ivan Enrique , Schneider Fabio José Andres , Mallmann Micael Stolben , Bonfada Elcio Bilibio , Portela Valéria Ortaça , Bonfada Éverson Bilibio , Kaiser Douglas Rodrigo
Published: July 2017

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a eficiência agronômica da inoculação de sementes de trigo e de milho com Azospirillum brasilense, em associação à adubação nitrogenada. Sete tratamentos foram avaliados, associando a inoculação com aplicação de nitrogênio (N), sob delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com 4 repetições, totalizando 28 unidades experimentais com área individual de 27,2 m2. Na cultura do trigo foi avaliado o número de perfilhos por planta, número de espigas por metro quadrado, número de grãos por espiga, rendimento de massa seca e grãos, massa de mil grãos e peso hectolitro. No milho foi analisado o diâmetro de colmo, área foliar, índice de área foliar, altura de plantas, rendimento de grãos, massa de mil grãos, diâmetro e comprimento de espigas. Os resultados demonstraram que a inoculação não representou ganhos nos diferentes atributos avaliados; a associação da inoculação com adubação com N mineral aumentou a produtividade e a produção de matéria seca; a redução pela metade da adubação de N em cobertura, quando associada à inoculação, não afetou a resposta das culturas nos diferentes atributos avaliados. Conclui-se que apenas a inoculação não é eficiente para as culturas avaliadas, porém permite a redução da adubação de N em cobertura.
Full – Perspective Analysis of Medium Income Trap
Authors: Wang Guangtong , Jiang Qiang
Published: July 2017

The backward economies can’t enter into the high-income group after stepping on the middle-income stage successfully. Based on multidimensional perspective of economics, this paper will analyze the reasons of "middle-income trap". As the adverse condition of international environment and domestic weakness, the development process of backward economies when they enter into the "middle income trap" is generally affected by the global economic crisis, while it is difficult to resist the global economic crisis for the middle income stage because its vulnerability. Turning to another views, the lower domestic savings rate, the shortage of high-end production factors, the low degree of market standard, the low-end embedded international production system will hinder the middle-income economies to enter into high-income group. The analysis of this paper in details will provide reference for China and provide theoretical support and policy guidance for its rapid entry into high - income economies.
Distinct Doppler Effects for Spontaneously Emitted Photons and Continuously Emitted Waves
Authors: Sandhu Gurcharn S.
Published: July 2017

In this paper, we distinguish between the Doppler effects for spontaneously emitted photons and continuously emitted waves. Under certain plausible assumptions, electron orbits can be modeled for simple atomic systems and such studies show that all permissible electron trajectories correspond to elliptical orbits. From the conservation of energy, momentum and angular momentum, in conjunction with the geometrical model of electron orbits, we derive the Doppler effect for spontaneously emitted photons that is quite different from the one used for continuously generated waves. All astronomical redshifts are currently interpreted by assuming the incoming radiation to be continuously emitted waves. Therefore, widely-observed redshift in radiation from most astronomical sources is interpreted to imply the expanding universe, along with cosmological expansion of space. However, for the spontaneously emitted photons, we show that the photons emitted in forward direction parallel to the emitter velocity get redshifted. That means, the astronomical redshift implies that the emission sources are moving towards the observer and our universe is not expanding. All high redshift astronomical objects are likely to be physically disrupted through dynamic instabilities or explosions and their high redshifts are associated with relativistic shock waves propagating towards the observer. Hence the proposed Doppler effect for the spontaneously emitted photons dismisses the cosmological expansion of space and supports a steady state universe.
Trigonometric Functions Above and Below of the Double-Slit Barrier
Authors: Stavek Jiri
Published: July 2017

The Double-Slit Experiment with individual electrons represents the central mystery of quantum mechanics and was voted by readers of Physics World as the most beautiful experiment in physics. In our trigonometric model we have divided the Young-Feynman double-slit interferometer into two zones: Aristotelian mixing chamber (the space between the entrance slit S0 and above the double-slit barrier with slits S1 and S2 where particles have been reflected (Euclid) and/or randomly deviated – parenklisis of Epicurus) and Plato’s projection chamber (the space below the double-slit barrier and above the projection screen). Aristotelian mixing chamber represents the classical hidden variable: individual particles have been reflected and/or randomly deviated in this zone and later pass through the double-slit barrier in such a way that they create probability distributions of single particles described by the very well known trigonometric relations. The double-slit barrier serves as a “self-organizing filter” for reflected and/or deviated individual particles and creates an order in the population densities among individual particles. For the experimental evaluation of this trigonometric model we propose to insert an internal and external “sfumato mirrors” for the quantitative manipulation of probability distributions of individual particles. The concept “sfumato” was inspired by the Old Master Leonardo da Vinci (see his picture Mona Lisa) (“sfumato” means “smoke”). Sfumato mirrors represent the classical observable variable and their influence on the resulting probability densities of individual particles can be trigonometrically described. Sfumato mirrors must not absorb any particles. In another experimental modification we can insert below one slit of the double-slit barrier an “absorption chiaroscuro mask” to fully remove those penetrating particles from the system and thus manipulate with the probability distribution observed with one opened slit (“chiaroscuro” means “light-dark”). It could be of interest to observe the resulting probability distribution of individual particles registered on the projection screen from one opened slit S1 or S2. The absorption chiaroscuro mask must not reflect particles back to the Aristotelian mixing chamber or to the Plato´s projection chamber. The results of these experiments will decide if we are just going up in a blind alley”.
Personal experiencing of spoken English by Poles
Authors: Daszkiewicz Michał
Published: July 2017

The paper addresses applicability of terms and rationale normally associated with early language education to the learning (and articulation) of English by adult Poles. It discusses how grown-ups – supposedly aware of how important speech is for their language success – prove victim to affective obstacles, require the personally – and emotionally-experienced sense of achievement, which implies that the character of their language learning does not depart too far from that of young children. The paper opens with a section concerning the (Polish) national edge of the learning of English and focusing on the learners’ decision not to speak having a personal and crucial character. Then, the issue of affective obstacles is examined theoretically in a discussion on the suitability of specific early education terms for adult language education, and empirically – through a qualitative study of what effect is obtained among Polish grown-ups by using a language teaching method resting on L2 early education terms. It is observed that following a simple teaching procedure in which learners were presented with a set of topic-oriented questions and exemplary answers and then requested to remark (in Polish) on (a four-faceted construct reflecting) how they feel about their productive language learning, an immediate positive outcome is obtained on the affective stratum.