bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Altered Actin Filament Dynamics in theDrosophilaMushroom Bodies Lead to Fast Acquisition of Alcohol Consumption Preference
Authors: Butts Andrew R. , Ojelade Shamsideen A. , Pronovost Eva D. , Seguin Alexandra , Merrill Collin B. , Rodan Aylin R. , Rothenfluh Adrian
Published: September 2019

Alcohol use is highly prevalent in the United States and across the world, and every year millions of people suffer from alcohol use disorders (AUDs). Although the genetic contribution to developing AUDs is estimated to be 50–60%, many of the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Previous studies from our laboratory revealed thatDrosophila melanogasterlacking RhoGAP18B and Ras Suppressor 1 (Rsu1) display reduced sensitivity to ethanol-induced sedation. Both Rsu1 and RhoGAP18B are negative regulators of the small Rho-family GTPase, Rac1, a modulator of actin dynamics. Here we investigate the role of Rac1 and its downstream target, the actin-severing protein cofilin, in alcohol consumption preference. We show that these two regulators of actin dynamics can alter male experience-dependent alcohol preference in a bidirectional manner: expressing either activated Rac1 or dominant-negative cofilin in the mushroom bodies (MBs) abolishes experience-dependent alcohol preference. Conversely, dominant-negative Rac1 or activated cofilin MB expression lead to faster acquisition of alcohol preference. Our data show that Rac1 and cofilin activity are key to determining the rate of acquisition of alcohol preference, revealing a critical role of actin dynamics regulation in the development of voluntary self-administration inDrosophila.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe risks for developing an alcohol use disorder (AUD) are strongly determined by genetic factors. Understanding the genes and molecular mechanisms that contribute to that risk is therefore a necessary first step for the development of targeted therapeutic intervention. Here we show that regulators of actin cytoskeleton dynamics can bidirectionally determine the acquisition rate of alcohol self-administration, highlighting this process as a key mechanism contributing to the risk of AUD development.
A Comparison of Nonmajors' & Majors' Incoming Science Process Skills
Authors: Hebert Sadie , Cotner Sehoya
Published: September 2019

Recommendations for undergraduate biology education include integration of research experiences into the curriculum, regardless of major. While non-biology majors and biology majors differ in affective characteristics, it is not clear if they differ in their incoming science process skills. We created a scenario-based assessment instrument – designed to gauge science process skills – that was accessible to nonmajors and majors. We evaluated nonmajors' and majors' open-ended responses using a rubric. We also assessed students' science identity, confidence, and attitudes with a pre-course survey. While affective differences between the populations are evident, we did not detect meaningful differences in science competency. These findings indicate that nonmajors and majors are skilled in the process of science and have the ability to engage in meaningful scientific inquiry, confirming our hypothesis that, in supporting a scientifically literate citizenry, educators must emphasize teaching strategies that target affective differences between nonmajors and majors.
THE EFFECT OF THE THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOR AND THE THEORY OF ETHICS IN DIGITAL PIRACY
Authors: KARAHAN Mehmet Ozan , KAYABAŞI Aydın
Published: September 2019

This study aims to analyze and describe the factors that influence Turkish computer users’ behaviors related to digital piracy in the context of the theory of planned behavior and ethical models. Relational research model was used to reveal the relationship between variables. Structured questionnaires were used for obtaining data and research units were easily sampled. Both single and multi-variabe statistical analysis methods were used while analysing research data and after all structural equilibrium model and path analyses were carried out for testing the hypotheses. While habit the additional factor of the model and the perceived behavioral control factor does not affect the behavior of the individual; attitude and subjective norm factors have influence on intention. Also, intention factor affects the behaviors of the individual for digital piracy as expected. In the context of general ethical theory, perceived benefit factor forming the teleological ethics does not affect the intention of the individual but it affects the attitude with the perceived risk factor. It is also accepted that the moral obligation and justice factors forming the deontological ethics affect the subjective norm and the moral obligation affects the intention of the individual on the digital piracy.
AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON PERSONAL FACTORS AFFECTING EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE LEVELS OF EMPLOYEES IN THE U.S
Authors: ÖZTİMURLENK Sevim
Published: September 2019

This study explores the impact of some personal factors (i.e., gender, age, education, marital status) on employees’ emotional intelligence levels in service sector in the U.S. Using a questionnaire survey, pertinent data is gathered from a group of 98 employees who works in different companies and industries in New York and New Jersey. Employees’ EI is measured using Wong and Low Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS). The data was analyzed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS. First, descriptive statistics were obtained. Then, t-tests ANOVA and Mann Whitney- U tests were conducted. Also, the differences obtained through ANOVA among the means are further compared through Tukey Post-hoc Tests. The results of the study show that education is a factor affecting emotional intelligence of employees positively in the U.S.
BİST SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİRLİK ENDEKSİNDEKİ İŞLETMELERİN SOSYAL SORUMLULUK VE ÇEVRE MUHASEBESİ İLİŞKİSİ AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ: BİR İÇERİK ANALİZİ
Authors: SÜKLÜM Nurcan , HİÇYORULMAZ Ela
Published: September 2019

Gelecek kuşaklara daha iyi yaşanılabilir bir dünya bırakmak her bireyin olduğu gibi işletmelerin de üzerine düşen bir görevdir. Bu görev sosyal sorumluluk anlayışının bir gereğidir. Günümüzde işletmeler maksimum kara odaklandıklarından sosyal sorumluluklarını yerine getirme konusunda çelişkiye düşebilmektedir. Amaç, sadece maksimum kar elde etmek olmamalı, aynı zamanda çevrenin sürdürülebilirliğine katkı sağlamak olmalıdır.  İşletmelerin finansal tablolarına baktığımızda çevre adına bir maliyet unsuruna çok az rastlanmaktadır. Çevre muhasebesi sisteminin uygulanması bu boşluğu dolduracaktır.  Ve böylece işletmelerin çevreye yaptıkları yatırım maliyetleri finansal tablolarında yer almış olacaktır. Gelişmiş ülkelerde, örneğin Japonya ve İsveç’te çevre maliyetleri işletmelerin finansal tablolarında açıkça görülebilir.  Bu çalışmada BİST Sürdürülebilirlik Endeksinde yer alan 63 işletmenin, sürdürülebilirlik, sosyal sorumluluk ve çevre faaliyetleri incelenmiştir. Ayrıca şirketlerin çevre maliyetlerini finansal tablolarında nasıl gösterdikleri incelenerek çevre muhasebesini uygulayıp uygulamadıkları değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda işletmelerin çevre muhasebesini uygulamadıkları, finansal raporlarında ve sürdürülebilirlik raporlarında çevre ile ilgili sayısal bilgilerden ziyade genel bilgilerin yer aldığı tespit edilmiştir.
SWARA VE MAIRCA YÖNTEMLERİ İLE CATERING FİRMASI SEÇİMİ
Authors: ULUTAŞ Alptekin
Published: September 2019

Catering firması dışarıdan herhangi bir kişiye ya da kuruluşa yemek ve hizmet sağlayan firmadır. Bu hizmeti alan kurumlar için catering firması çok büyük öneme sahiptir. Bu firmaların sundukları yemekleri, kurumlarda çalışan personeller tüketmektedirler. Yemeklerin doğrudan kurumdaki personelin performansına etkisi vardır. Bu sebepten dolayı kurumların, catering firması seçimi yaparken dikkatli olması gerekmektedir. Catering firması seçiminde birçok ve birbirleriyle çelişen kriterler göz önüne alınmaktadır. Bundan dolayı çok kriterli karar verme (ÇKKV) yöntemleri catering firması seçiminde kullanılabilir. Bu çalışmada SWARA ve MAIRCA yöntemleri kullanılarak catering firması seçimi yapılmıştır. SWARA yöntemi ile kriter ağırlıkları elde edilirken, MAIRCA yöntemi ile alternatiflerin performansları değerlendirilmiş ve alternatiflerin sıralaması yapılmıştır.  Şu kriterler bu seçim işleminde hesaba katılmıştır; Hijyen, Lezzet, Yemek Çeşitleri, Servis Zamanı, Referanslar, Servis Kalitesi ve Fiyat. SWARA yöntemi ile kriter ağırlıkları hesaplanmıştır. Bu yöntemin sonuçlarına göre en önemli kriter, Hijyen kriteri olarak belirlenmiştir. SWARA yönteminin ardından alternatiflerin sıralanması için MAIRCA yöntemine geçilmiştir. MAIRCA yönteminde dört alternatif değerlendirilmiştir. MAIRCA yönteminin sonuçlarına göre en iyi alternatif CF2 kod adlı catering firması olarak belirlenmiştir.
KAPASİTE MALİYET YÖNETİMİ AÇISINDAN MALİYETLEME YÖNTEMLERİNİN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: ÖZÇELİK Funda
Published: September 2019

İşletmelerin yüksek sabit maliyetlerle günümüz rekabet koşullarında karlılıklarını sürdürebilmesi güç olacağından atıl kapasite maliyetlerine ilişkin konular son yıllarda önem kazanmıştır. Bu nedenle maliyetleme sistemleri atıl kapasiteyi ölçme ve anlama sürecini desteklemelidir. Ancak geleneksel maliyetleme ve Faaliyet Tabanlı Maliyetleme sistemleri bu konuda yetersiz kalmaktadır. Zamana Dayalı Faaliyet Tabanlı Maliyetleme ve Kaynak Tüketim Muhasebesi modelleri atıl kaynakları teşhis eden ve ortaya çıkaran yeni nesil maliyet yönetim sistemleri olarak geliştirilmişlerdir. Bu çalışmada bir örnek ile Faaliyet Tabanlı Maliyetleme, Zamana Dayalı Faaliyet Tabanlı Maliyetleme ve Kaynak Tüketim Muhasebesi sonuçlarını karşılaştırmak ve atıl kapasite maliyetlerinin ortaya çıkarılması konusunda yöntemleri tartışmak amaçlanmaktadır.
ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN SOSYAL MEDYA PAYLAŞIMLARININ ETİK AÇIDAN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: TUNÇBİLEK Mehmet Murat , UZ Abdussamet
Published: September 2019

İnternet ve Web 2.0 teknolojisinin gelişimiyle birlikte hayatımıza giren sosyal medya, kullanıcılarına içerik oluşturma, bunları diğer kullanıcılara ulaştırabilme ve diğer insanlarla interaktif etkileşim kurabilme imkânı sağlamıştır. Sosyal medyanın sunduğu bu imkânlar, insanların gündelik yaşamda önemli bir yere gelmesine sebep olmuştur. Ancak bu durum, sosyal medyada özel hayatın ihlal edilmesi, hatalı içeriğin paylaşılması ve yayılması, nefret söyleminin üretilmesi, argo ve küfür kullanılması, sahte hesap oluşturulması gibi etik problemleri de beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu bağlamda sosyal medyayı yoğun olarak kullanan üniversite öğrencilerinin sosyal medya paylaşımları yaparken ne derece etik değerleri dikkate alarak bu paylaşımları yaptığı bu araştırmanın konusunu oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma verileri nicel analiz yöntemine uygun olarak, 400 kişilik örneklem grubuna uygulanan anket yoluyla elde edilmiştir. Araştırmaya göre, üniversite öğrencilerinin özel hayatın ihlali, sosyal medya hesap profillerinde eksik ve hatalı bilgi verme, diğer kullanıcılarla tartışmalarında ve onların paylaşımlarına yaptığı yorumlarda argo ve küfür kullanma, sahte sosyal medya hesabı açma gibi etik ihlallerde bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir. Kadın öğrencilerin söz konusu etik ihlalleri erkeklerden daha fazla yaptığı tespit edilmiştir.
SANAL BAHİS SİTELERİ Mİ YA DA SANAL KUMAR SİTELERİ Mİ?
Authors: AKÇA Yaşar
Published: September 2019

Türkiye’de kumar, yasal düzenlemelerle yasak kapsamında engellenmiştir. Bahis oyunları ise serbesttir. Dolayısıyla kumar için kanuni ve cezai yaptırımlar uygulanmaktadır. Bahis oyunları, resmi olarak faaliyetlerini gün geçtikçe artırmaktadır. Toplumun söz konusu oyunlara ilgisi zaman içinde giderek çoğalmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, devletin ilgili kurumlarından elektronik bayilik sözleşmesi imzalamış olan bilyoner.com, nesine.com, misli.com, oley.com, tuttur.com ve birebin.com incelenmiştir. Devlet, sahip olduğu Milli Piyango İdaresi, Spor Toto Teşkilatı ve Türkiye Jokey Kulübü vasıtasıyla bahis oyunlarını düzenlemektedir. Bahis oyunlarının diğer adı kumardır. Sanal bahis sitelerine internet üzerinden erişim kolaylığı bu oyunları oynama sıklığını artırmaktadır. Sanal bahis siteleri de toplum sağlığını korumak için yasak kapsamına alınmalıdır. Yasal bahis sitelerine erişim engeli getirilmelidir. Bu çalışmada araştırma yöntemi olarak alan yazın taraması kullanılmıştır.
ÖRGÜTSEL BAĞLILIĞIN YENİLİKÇİ İŞ DAVRANIŞINA ETKİSİ
Authors: TEKİN İlknur ÇEVİK , AKGEMCİ Tahir
Published: September 2019

Örgütsel bağlılık, çalışanlar tarafından sergilenmesi istenilen bir davranış olmasından dolayı son yıllardaki akademik çalışmalarda pek çok değişken ile ilişkisi incelenmiş bir kavramdır. Ancak yazında, örgütsel bağlılık ve yenilikçi iş davranışı ilişkisini ele alan çalışmaların oldukça az olduğu görülmüştür. Bilindiği gibi bütün örgütler, örgütsel bağlılığı yüksek çalışanlarla çalışmayı istemektedirler. Yenilikçi iş davranışı ise günümüz iş dünyasında örgütlerin rekabet avantajı elde etmelerinin anahtarı olarak görülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın konusu, çalışanların sahip olduğu örgütsel bağlılık ile ilgili algıların, çalışanların yenilikçi iş davranışlarına etkisinin olup olmadığını araştırmaktır. Araştırma, Türkiye’de üretimi yapılan otomotiv firmalarının, çeşitli birimlerinde görev yapan beyaz yakalı çalışanlara uygulanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, analize uygun 406 adet anket verisi elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen verilere, SPSS ve Amos istatistik programları ile gerekli analizler yapılmıştır. Çalışma sonunda, örgütsel bağlılığın yenilikçi iş davranışı etkileyen önemli bir değişken olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
VERGİ BİLİNCİNİN VERGİ AHLAKI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: IĞDIR ÜNİVERSİTESİ İKTİSAT ve İLAHİYAT BÖLÜMÜ ÖĞRENCİLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: GÜRÇAM Özlem Sökmen , MOÇ Turhan
Published: September 2019

Vergi bilinci ve vergi ahlakı, mükellefler tarafından vergilemeye dair ödevlerin yerine getirilmesi açısından önemli kavramlar olarak kabul edilmektedir. Vergi bilinci tam ve vergi ahlak düzeyi yüksek olan bir mükellefin elbette ki vergiye uyumu da yüksek olacaktır. Çalışmada gelecekte potansiyel vergi mükellefi olacağı düşünülen üniversite öğrencilerinin vergi bilinci ve vergi ahlakına etkisi ölçülmek istenmiştir. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın ana kütlesi Iğdır Üniversitesi öğrencileri iken, örneklemi ise Iğdır Üniversitesinde okuyan 2. 3. ve 4. Sınıf İktisat ve İlahiyat Bölümü öğrencilerinden oluşmaktadır. Çalışmanın örneklemi için İktisat ve İlahiyat Bölümü öğrencilerinin seçilme nedeni ise İktisat Bölümü öğrencilerinin kamu maliyesi, vergi hukuku ve Türk vergi sistemi derslerinin müfredatında vergi bilinci ve vergi ahlakı kavramlarının var olması; İlahiyat Bölümü öğrencilerinin seçilme nedeni ise, öğrencilerinin ders müfredatlarında dini ve ahlaki konuları içeren derslerin bulunmasıdır. Çalışmada gönüllülük esas alınmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda ise vergi bilinci ile vergi ahlakı arasında istatiksel olarak anlamlı, pozitif yönlü ve kuvvetli bir ilişki ortaya çıkmıştır.
POZİTİF PSİKOLOJİK SERMAYENİN LİDER-ÜYE ETKİLEŞİMİ VASITASIYLA BİREYSEL PERFORMANSI ETKİLEMEDEKİ ROLÜ: PERAKENDE SEKTÖRÜNDE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: ASLANER Fatih , ARTAN İnci H.
Published: September 2019

Bu çalışmanın amacı bir örgütte çalışanlar mutluysa, yöneticileriyle etkileşimleri sağlıklıysa, özgüvenleri yerindeyse, olumsuz durumlara karşı bile iyimserliklerini ve umutlarını koruyorlarsa, bu azim ve dayanıklı çalışmanın iş performanslarına nasıl yansıdığını incelemek ve özellikle lider-üye etkileşiminin performans sonuçlarına etkisini ortaya çıkarmaktır. Kavramsal olarak açıklamak gerekirse, bu araştırmada çalışanların sahip oldukları  pozitif psikolojik sermayeyle bireysel performans algıları ve iş performansları arasındaki ilişki gözlenmiş, ilave olarak lider-üye etkileşiminin bu ilişki üzerindeki aracı etkisi incelenmiştir. Araştırma, Türkiye ev tekstili organize perakende sektörü evreninde ülkenin en büyük ev tekstili firmasının mağaza çalışanları örneklemi üzerinde yapılan bir anket ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışanların pozitif psikolojik sermaye düzeylerini ölçmek amacıyla Luthans ve arkadaşları tarafından geliştirilen psikolojik sermaye ölçeğinin Erkmen ve Esen tarafından dilimize tercüme edilmiş hali kullanılmıştır. Çalışanların lider-üye etkileşimine ilişkin algı düzeylerini tespit etmek üzere Liden ve Maslyn tarafından geliştirilmiş çok boyutlu lider-üye etkileşim ölçeğinin Baş, Keskin ve Mert tarafından dilimize tercüme edilmiş hali kullanılırken bireysel performans algı düzeylerini araştırmak üzere, Erben  tarafından geliştirilen bireysel performans algısı ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Çalışanların performans puanları olarak mağazada aynı işi yapan bireylerin mağaza satış hedefi gerçekleşme yüzdeleri ve bağımsız firma tarafından hazırlanan gizli müşteri mağaza ziyareti değerlendirme puanı yüzdelerinin aritmetik ortalaması kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre pozitif psikolojik sermaye, lider-üye etkileşimi üzerinden bireylerin performans algısını etkilerken hem pozitif anlamda hem de negatif anlamda doğru orantılı olarak çalışanların performans sonuçlarını da etkilemektedir. Bu etkileşimde liderin pozitif veya negatif katkısının performans sonuçlarını doğru orantılı olarak ve kuvvetli şekilde etkilediği saptanmıştır.
BULANIK TOPSIS YÖNTEMİYLE TÜRKİYE’NİN YERLİ OTOMOBİLİ İÇİN EN UYGUN FABRİKA YERİNİN SEÇİMİ
Authors: YILDIZ Aytaç , DEMİR Yunus
Published: September 2019

Girişimciler için, hangi sektörde faaliyet göstermelerinin yanı sıra işletmeyi nereye kuracakları da önemlidir. Çünkü yanlış bir karardan dolayı uygun olmayan bir yere işletmenin kurulması yüksek maliyetlere, nitelikli işgücüne sahip olamama ve yeterli sayıda müşteriye ulaşamama gibi sorunlara sebep olabilir. Yer seçimi problemi, içerisinde birçok kriteri ve belirsizliği barındıran, bundan dolayı da bulanık bir davranış sergileyen bir karar problemidir. Bu gibi karar problemlerinin çözümünde Çok Kriterli Karar Verme (ÇKKV) gibi bilimsel yöntemlerin kullanılması karar vericilere kolaylık sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye için stratejik bir öneme sahip yerli otomobil üretimi için en uygun yerin seçilmesi amaçlanmış ve bu amaç için bulanık ortamlarda karar vermeyi kolaylaştıran bulanık TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Yedi alternatif yer (Kocaeli, Bursa-Gemlik, Sakarya, Konya, İzmir-Aliağa, Adana ve Eskişehir) literatür taraması neticesinde belirlenen beş ayrı kritere göre (ekonomik, coğrafi konum, altyapı, teknik ve sosyal özellik) değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma sonunda yakınlık katsayısı en yüksek olan Bursa-Gemlik alternatifi, yerli otomobil için en uygun fabrika yeri olarak belirlenmiştir.
POZİTİF PSİKOLOJİK SERMAYENİN İŞ TATMİNİNE ETKİSİ: TURİZM SEKTÖRÜNDE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: YÜCEL Esin
Published: September 2019

Rakipler arasında farklılaşmanın büyük ölçüde sahip olunan insan kaynağına bağlı olduğu hizmet sektöründe iş görenlerin sahip oldukları pozitif psikolojik sermaye ve iş tatmini arasındaki ilişkinin tanımlanması insan kaynağının verimli yönetilmesi açısından oldukça önemlidir. Bu araştırmanın amacı konaklama işletmesi çalışanlarının demografik özelliklerinin pozitif psikolojik sermaye düzeyleri üzerinde farklılığa sebep olup olmadığını ve pozitif psikolojik sermaye ile alt boyutlarının (iyimserlik, öz yeterlilik, umut ve dayanıklılık) iş tatmini üzerindeki etkisini ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmanın evrenini Antalya faaliyet gösteren beş yıldızlı otel işletmelerinin çalışanları oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada, çalışanların bireysel özelliklerini belirlemeye yönelik sorular ile PPS ölçeği ve iş tatmini ölçeği olmak üzere üç bölümden oluşan anket formu kullanılmıştır. 430 anket üzerinden yapılan değerlendirmeler için yüzde ve frekans analizi, t testi, Anova testi, korelâsyon analizi ile tek değişkenli regresyon analizinden faydalanılmış, elde edilen bulgular alan yazını ışığında yorumlanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda cinsiyet, yaş ve medeni durumun sahip olunan pozitif psikolojik sermaye üzerinde belirleyici olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca pozitif psikolojik sermayenin ve tüm alt boyutlarının çalışanların iş tatmini üzerinde farklı düzeylerde etkisi olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Association between dietary raw garlic intake and newly diagnosed nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a population-based study
Authors: Zhang Shunming , Gu Yeqing , Wang Liu , Zhang Qing , Liu Li , Lu Min , Meng Ge , Yao Zhanxin , Wu Hongmei , Xia Yang , Bao Xue , Wang Honglei , Shi Hongbin , Sun Shaomei , Wang Xing , Zhou Ming , Jia Qiyu , Song Kun , Xiang Huiling , Niu Kaijun
Published: September 2019

Background and Aims

The protective effect of garlic against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been reported in animal studies. However, in humans, the association between garlic consumption and NAFLD is unclear. The study sought to explore the association between habitual raw garlic intake and newly diagnosed NAFLD among Chinese adults.

Methods

We performed a study of 11,326 men and 12,780 women aged 20–90 years. Habitual food intake was assessed using a validated and standardized 100-item food frequency questionnaire. Diagnosis of NAFLD was based on the liver ultrasonography and self-reported alcohol intake. Multiple logistic regression was used to evaluate the association of raw garlic intake with newly diagnosed NAFLD.

Results

The prevalence of newly diagnosed NAFLD was 28.9% in men and 10.1% in women, respectively. In men, the fully adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of having NAFLD across increasing frequency of raw garlic intake were 1.00 (reference) for <1 time/week, 0.81 (0.73, 0.90) for 1–3 times/week, 0.66 (0.54, 0.80) for 4–6 times/week, and 0.71 (0.55, 0.90) for ≥7 times/week (P for trend <0.0001). The odds ratio for NAFLD associated with each 1 g of raw garlic/1000 kcal was 0.93 (0.90, 0.97) in men. In women, no significant association between raw garlic intake and NAFLD was identified. These associations between raw garlic intake and NAFLD were consistent in several sensitivity analyses.

Conclusions

Frequent consumption of raw garlic is inversely associated with NAFLD in Chinese men. Further investigations are needed to confirm this finding.
Modulation of hypothalamic S6K1 and S6K2 alters feeding behavior and systemic glucose metabolism
Authors: Tavares Mariana Rosolen , Lemes Simone Ferreira , de Fante Thais , Saenz de Miera Cristina , Pavan Isadora Carolina Betim , Bezerra Rosangela Maria Neves , Prada Patricia Oliveira , Torsoni Marcio Alberto , Elias Carol Fuzeti , Simabuco Fernando Moreira
Published: September 2019

The mTOR/S6Ks signaling is one of the intracellular pathways important for metabolic control, acting both peripherally and centrally. In the hypothalamus, mTOR/S6Ks axis mediates the action of leptin and insulin and can modulate the expression of neuropeptides. We analyzed the role of different S6Ks isoforms in the hypothalamic regulation of metabolism. We observed decreased food intake and decreased expression of agouti-related peptide (AgRP) following intracerebroventricular (icv) injections of adenoviral-mediated overexpression of three different S6Ks isoforms. Moreover, mice overexpressing p70-S6K1 in undefined periventricular hypothalamic neurons presented changes in glucose metabolism, as an increase in gluconeogenesis. To further evaluate the hypothalamic role of a less-studied S6K isoform, p54-S6K2, we used a Cre-LoxP approach to specifically overexpress it in AgRP neurons. Our findings demonstrate the potential participation of S6K2 in AgRP neurons regulating feeding behavior.
Feedback control and its impact on generalist predator–prey system with prey harvesting
Authors: Das Debabrata , Kar Tapan Kumar Kumar
Published: September 2019

This article examines the effectiveness of feedback control as a management policy on a generalist predator–prey system with prey harvesting. We discuss the result of implementing feedback control with respect to prey and predator separately. This paper also depicts the effect of exploitations up to maximum sustainable yield (MSY). We observe that with a constant fishing effort MSY policy is a sustainable management policy to protect both the species. However, further increase of fishing effort may cause the extinction of prey species. But considering feedback control of fishing effort may restrict the extinction of prey species. When fishing effort is controlled in terms of prey density, the extinction of prey population can be avoided. In this case, there may be coexistences of prey, predator and fishery or extinction of fishery. But when fishing effort is controlled by predator density, it is difficult to manage the coexistences of prey, predator and fishery.
Spectrum curves for a discrete Sturm–Liouville problem with one integral boundary condition
Authors: Bingelė Kristina , Bankauskienė Agnė , Štikonas Artūras
Published: September 2019

This paper presents new results on the spectrum on complex plane for discrete Sturm–Liouville problem with one integral type nonlocal boundary condition depending on three parameters: γ, ξ1 and ξ2. The integral condition is approximated by the trapezoidal rule. The dependence on parameter γ is investigated by using characteristic function method and analysing spectrum curves which gives qualitative view of the spectrum for fixed ξ1 = m1 / n and ξ2 = m2 / n, where n is discretisation parameter. Some properties of the spectrum curves are formulated and illustrated in figures for various ξ1 and ξ2.
*The research was partially supported by the Research Council of Lithuania (grant No. MIP-047/2014).
Time-delayed impulsive control for discrete-time nonlinear systems with actuator saturation
Authors: Li Liangliang , Li Chuandong , Zhang Wei
Published: September 2019

This paper focuses on the problem of time-delayed impulsive control with actuator saturation for discrete-time dynamical systems. By establishing a delayed impulsive difference inequality, combining with convex analysis and inequality techniques, some sufficient conditions are obtained to ensure exponential stability for discrete-time dynamical systems via time-delayed impulsive controller with actuator saturation. The designed controller admits the existence of some transmission delays in impulsive feedback law, and the control input variables are required to stay within an availability zone. Several numerical simulations are also given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed results.
MANAGEMENT DECISIONS AND FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE THE PROCESS OF ITS ADOPTION AND IMPLEMENTATION
Authors: Briukhovetska M. S.
Published: September 2019

The study evaluated the decision-making processes and determined that the factors that influence the administrative decision-making processes can be divided into рersonal and material aspects. The main purpose of the article was to identify ways to improve the decision-making process by identifying the factors that influence it. It is found that the concept of "underfunding" is relative. Management decisions are not attributed to the category of expenditures. They are unrelated to the purchase of technology and new equipment. The main factor, however, is the organizational culture and the management system. After all, knowledge in the field of management and administration, appropriate training and development of innovations in the field of management is important for most managers. It is emphasized that an important element of decision making is to ensure that it is properly substantiated. It should properly inform those who are interested in its adoption. The decision should outline the key aspects under consideration and the underlying considerations. It should contain a detailed statement of all the essential issues. The basic prerequisites for making an effective management decision are identified: they must make a clear strategy, resource allocation and risk identification; the ideas put forward by decision makers should be taken into account; the decision-making procedure must be fast in order not to lose its relevance; the decision should not contradict the decisions of other management structures, as there must be consistency between them for the implementation of the functions entrusted to the institution. It is proved that several steps are needed to make a decision: first, to identify the problem to be solved and the goals to be achieved, secondly, to identify the alternatives that lead to the proposed goals, and to evaluate whether the alternatives meet the expected the result, thirdly, to take all necessary measures to implement the solution. It is concluded that an effective managerial decision must be pragmatic, since it is an important step in its implementation. If the solution does not translate into work and a concrete result, it is not the decision, it is the intention.
THE TYPES OF THE CHOREOGRAPHIC WORK AS AN OBJECT OF COPYRIGHT IN UKRAINE
Authors: Antoniuk V. O.
Published: September 2019

The article explores the classification of a choreographic work as a copyright object. The legally significant bases of the classification are determined, on these basis the different types of choreographic work are differentiated. The main reasons are the style and the structure of the choreographic work. In the style, the choreographic work is divided into folk, ballroom, modern and classical dance,
in the structure – dance and the dance show. The author also formulate definitions of these concepts. The article presents a number of definitions of the concept of dance through the lens of art, culture and law. Analyzing the latter, the author gives own definition of this term as a copyright object: dance is a system of conditional movements (pa), gestures and poses, pantomimes, subordinated to the general rhythm. The concept “dance show” is defined as follows: dance show is a system of movements, poses, gestures, pantomimes, combined with one thought, with musical accompaniment and choreographic images, which can be fostered by scenery, costumes, stage light and more.
In addition, the article identified the features of dance and the dance show, which allows to delineate these concepts. The signs of dance as an object of copyright are creative, objective form of expression, the presence of movements, poses, gestures, pantomimes arranged in a certain sequence, the presence of rhythm. Among the features of a dance show are the following: creative character, objective form of expression, system of movements, poses, gestures, pantomimes, musical accompaniment, idea of the work, choreographic images. After analyzing these features, the author defines the main difference between these features: a dance show is a complex work that contains a different object of copyright – a piece of music, and it can also contain other results of intellectual creative activity (costumes, scenery and more). At the same time the dance is a sequence of elements of choreographic vocabulary.
One more concept which the author reveals in the article is “choreographic show”. The author equates this object to ballet performances, musicals and considers it necessary to protect them as musical-dramatic works, because they are inherent in all the signs of the last.
PECULIARITIES OF EMPLOYMENT RELATIONS OF PERSONS STUDYING IN GENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATION
Authors: Parinova A. O.
Published: September 2019

The article is dedicated to the attainment of the specifics of the legal regulation of the work of the business community, as well as to the mortgages of the middle middle class. The author of the law stipulates that Ukrainian legislation establishes special guidelines for such categories of children. A guarantee has been established, incompatible legal requirements are limited by the hour of realizing
their right to a legal right. The special characteristics of the working hours of the business community are irreplaceable. The analysis of international legal acts was carried out, in order to regulate the legal activities in the whole sphere, the Ukrainian legislation was also analyzed for the subject of international legal acts. Analyze the nutrition of the winnings of legal capacity and the return of non-recurring
services. The author must come before the visit, when the minimum age has come, without voluntarily turning to the right to enter the labor law, do not lead to the instruction of the labor law. The author proponoон thoroughly process the region of prazuyuchyhosb, so that it wasn’t possible for him to become seventeen rocky. I have to admit, let’s take a look at the problems in the whole field (for example, don’t take into account robotic teachers who have been freed from working, I’m more interested in taking more work and more), more in detail. Analyze the reasons for the wisdom of children. It is invoked by the public authorities for the problem of problems of children and children. The gadgets are scattered, and there are serious economic problems associated with the normative
regulation of the work of such small business people to repair the unabridged Skoda’s development of the country. The author focuses on respect for the fact that children will take part in the crisis camp of the illumination system. Bagato children are drawn into the most naughty forms of children, so as not to be able to deny the possibility of sanctification. Tobto, the very fact that there are alternatives
to the best forms of children’s prazє the reason for the child prazі. The author is robbing a visitor who wants to meet the need for life and to solve problems of child rights in Ukraine and to devise different legal and social visits to the sovereign state.
Imagenological findings of external snapping hip syndrome. Case report
Authors: Donoso-Donoso Ingrid Carolina , Calvo-Páramo Enrique , Medina-Ramírez Roger David
Published: September 2019

Introduction: External snapping hip syndrome is characterized by a painful sensation accom­panied by an audible snapping noise in the hip when moving. Even though orthopedists are widely aware of this condition, imaging findings still need to be recognized by all radiologists in order to provide more information that allows for the best multidisciplinary treatment. Z-plasty of the iliotibial band is the most used treatment with the best results.Case presentation: Female patient with bi­lateral external hip snapping syndrome on the right side, who was treated initially in a con­servative manner without adequate response; hence, she required surgical management with arthroscopy. All treatment options used for this patient were not successful, and symptoms recurred.Discussion: The diagnosis of snapping hip syndrome is mainly clinical. However, the con­tribution of diagnostic imaging is important to characterize the structures involved in this nosological process, in order to develop the therapeutic planning and do the follow-up.Conclusion: Knowledge on ultrasound and magnetic resonance findings related to this pathology allows radiologists to identify this syndrome and contribute to a timely treatment.
Functional assessment using short tests in a patient with Pompe disease receiving enzyme replacement therapy: case report
Authors: Torres-Cuenca Thomas , Díaz-Ruíz Jorge Arturo , Ortiz-Corredor Fernando
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Pompe disease is characterized by the deficiency of the acid alfa glucosidase enzyme, which leads to a glycogen accumu­lation mainly in cardiac and skeletal muscles. Its onset may be early or late; the late form is more difficult to handle given the variety of presenta­tions. Enzyme replacement therapy has shown to improve gross motor function and lung function in patients.Case description: Female patient who presented chronic quadriparesis. She was diagnosed with Pompe disease, which required enzyme replace­ment therapy that helped improve the symptoms, which was evident with the performance of rapid functional evaluation tests.Discussion: Enzyme replacement therapy in Pompe disease modifies the natural history of the disease. A brief review of the literature about the functional tests that can be used to assess a patient with this disorder is presented.Conclusion: The 10-meter walk test, one-leg stance test, cervical flexion in supine position, five times sit to stand test, and coin rotation task are useful for clinical evaluation in patients with Pompe disease receiving enzyme replacement therapy.
Multiple organ failure caused by poisonous contact with a Lonomia sp caterpillar. Case report
Authors: Pineda-Amaya Wilson Hernando , Pastrana-Ricaurte Nohemí
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Lonomic accidents have become of great interest as they represent a public health problem in rural communities. These accidents are challenging for health personnel given their multiple associated complications, difficult di­agnosis and therapeutic variants.Case presentation: This is the case of a 41-year-old male patient who had contact with a cater­pillar of the genus Lonomia sp. He presented with symptoms of bleeding and subsequent multiple organ failure that resolved with the use of antilonomic serum.Discussion: The patient presented with symp­toms that progressed to multiple organ failure and associated hemorrhagic syndrome due to the difficulties for diagnosis. He required ther­apeutic intervention in a primary care institution with subsequent need for treatment in a more complex center considering the deterioration and non-availability of the antilonomic serum.Conclusions: Based on in-hospital medical intervention strategies, the administration of the lonomic serum and the patient’s follow-up through the system, it was possible to con­firm the improvement of his health condition and discharge him. It is important to stress the knowledge of the health professionals who treat these cases in rural areas and the availability of the serum.
False-positive fourth-generation HIV test associated with autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Case report
Authors: Sánchez-Pardo Santiago , Osorio-Ramírez Jaime Andrés , Choi-Park Isabela , Rojas-Holguín Daniel Felipe , Bolívar-Mejía Adrián
Published: September 2019

Introduction: The fourth-generation ELISA human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) screening test has a high sensitivity and specificity >99% to detect both antigens and antibodies. Estimates are that only 0.5% yield false positive results.Case description: 61-year-old female patient with a clinical picture consisting of malaise, unquantified fever, asthenia and adynamia. Laboratory tests revealed anemia, so a Coombs test was performed, obtaining a positive result along with other findings of mixed autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Two fourth-generation ELISA HIV screening tests were performed obtaining positive results. Given the national recommendations on the diagnosis of HIV infection, a viral load was performed, which turned out to be negative, so the result was considered a false positive.Discussion: Clinical and biological factors are related to false positive results. There are descriptions about autoimmunity phenomena, such as systemic lupus erythematosus or autoimmune hemolytic anemia, with few cases in older adults.Conclusions: Rapid tests have changed the diagnosis of HIV infection worldwide; however, like any other diagnostic test, they may yield false positive results with differential diagnoses, including autoimmune hemolytic anemia.
Peritoneal histoplasmosis. Case report
Authors: Fino-Velásquez Laura Marcela , Zambrano-Muñoz Fernán Santiago , Vega-Molina Alejandro , Sierra-Umaña Sebastián Felipe , Rosero-Paredes Silvio Javier , Barrios-Villegas Juan Esteban , Arce-Cuervo Juliana , Urrutia-Corredor Laura Camila , Díaz-Rojas Camilo Alejandro
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Histoplasmosis is an opportu­nistic granulomatous fungal infection. Peritoneal histoplasmosis (PH) is a rare form of dissem­inated histoplasmosis (DH).Case description: A 44-year-old male pa­tient with history of HIV infection, systemic lupus erythematosus with lupus nephritis, and chronic kidney disease on peritoneal dialysis, presented with recurrent ascites without clear etiology in the serial study of ascitic fluid. Con­trast computed tomography of the abdomen showed a nonspecific peritoneal nodule, for which laparoscopy and biopsy were performed, identifying Histoplasma capsulatum infection. The subject received 15 days of in-hospital treatment with amphotericin B deoxycholate with good evolution, no recurrence of ascites, and indefinite outpatient management with itraconazole.Discussion: The first case of PH was described in 1970 but this is the first case reported in Co­lombia. Most cases of PH have been associated with peritoneal dialysis. Its diagnosis is based on the study of ascitic fluid and its treatment follows the guidelines of other forms DH.Conclusions: PH is a rare entity that requires high clinical suspicion, especially in immuno­compromised patients.
Acquired acrodermatitis enteropathica after abdominal surgery: Case report
Authors: Giraldo-Villa Adriana , Guzmán-Luna Carlos Ernesto
Published: September 2019

Introduction: The treatment of acquired acro­dermatitis enteropathica involves zinc supple­mentation; however, further research is required to establsih the optimal dose and duration of the supplementation.Case presentation: Female patient with a history of gastric bypass, intestinal resection, and 2 months of skin rash that required biopsy with histological findings compatible with der­matitis associated to nutritional deficiency. She received elemental zinc supplementation for 11 days, achieving improvement in skin le­sions. She was later readmitted twice due to reactivation of the disease with the need to restart zinc supplementation. At the time of this study, she had been receiving oral elemental zinc treatment for 3 years, at doses of up to 240 mg/day.Discussion: In patients with gastric bypass and intestinal malabsorption, the usual zinc dose of 8-11 mg/day may be insufficient and put patients at risk for acquired acrodermatitis enteropathica. In similar case reports, the sup­plementation dose ranges from 2 mg/kg/day of venous elemental zinc to 300 mg/day orally, while the duration of supplementation has not been established.Conclusions: Oral supplementation for 3 years with a maximum dose of 240 mg/day has been adequate for controlling the disease. Monitoring blood zinc levels and physical examination of the skin have been key factors for adjusting the dose to be supplied.
Evaluation of the HEC-HMS model for the hydrological simulation of a paramo basin
Authors: Timbe Castro Luis Manuel , Crespo Sánchez Patricio Javier , Cabrera-Balarezo Juan José
Published: September 2019

In this study, the performance of the HEC-HMS model was evaluated for the simulation of rain-runoff processes in a paramo basin of approximately 21. 8 km2, south of Ecuador. The calibration and validation comprises the period of July-2013 to June-2016 with daily data. The Soil Moisture Accounting (SMA) method was used to compute the water flow in the soil. For the rainfall distribution, the Thiessen method was used, while the Evapotranspiration was calculated with the Penman-Monteith equation. The results revealed that (1) 83% of the water infiltrates the soil while only 17% is retained in plants and the soil surface, (2) the water is retained for approximately 42 days before reaching the river and (3) that more than 60% of the flow corresponds to sub-surface flow.
Viability of Lactobacillus casei ATCC 393 and properties in Andean blackberry suspensions with probiotic and prebiotic characteristics
Authors: Marin Arango Zaira Tatiana , Cortés Rodriguez Misael , Montoya Campuzano Olga Ines , Arango Tobón Julio Cesar
Published: September 2019

Food industry has grown in recent years mainly due to the supply of functional foods with probiotics and prebiotics. The viability of Lactobacillus casei and the properties of blackberry suspensions added with inulin were evaluated using a central design composed of the following factors: mass fraction of total solid blackberry concentrate (XTSBC) (0.103-0.120), [McFarland] (6-10), inulin (2.78-3.68%), and mass blackberry concentrate (BC)/mass inoculum (R) (5-20); and the dependent variables: moisture (M), pH, acidity, °Brix, total solids suspension (TSS), viscosity (μ), zeta potential (z), and Log CFU/g. Results of the experimental optimization of multiple responses were: XTSBC (0.103), [McFarland] (10), inulin (3.12%w/w), and R (18.5); being the dependent variables: M=86.7±0.0%, pH=2.74±0.01, acidity=3.1±0.0%, °Brix=11.0±0.1%, TSS=13.3±0.0%, µ=1288.0±20.1 cP, z=-13.3±0.3 mV and Log CFU/g=7.8±0.5. The probiotic microorganism Lb. casei ATCC 393 presents an adaptability in suspensions based on BC and inulin, which guarantee its viability and a possible use for obtaining an innovative spray-dried product.
Wood walls insulated with coconut fiber
Authors: VILLA KEVEN , ECHAVARRIA CESAR , BLESSENT DANIELA
Published: September 2019

Solid wood gives the shape to walls, while panels are the coating and they are nailed or screwed to the wood sections. In the cavities between the wood elements and the panels, a thermal and acoustic insulator must be added. Unfortunately, almost all of the currently used insulators (mineral wool, expanded polystyrene, polyurethane) are not biodegradable and require the use of vapor barriers (polyethylene sheets, aluminum foils, etc.) that deteriorate rapidly and that are relatively environmentally unfriendly. In this article, the use of coconut fiber instead of conventional insulators is suggested. The acoustic absorption and thermal conductivity coefficients of composite sections taken from wood walls with coconut fiber are estimated. In this way, good thermo-acoustic conditions inside the wood building are achieved using an ecological insulating material.
Determination the coefficients of San’s model, to calculate the percentage of removal flocculent particles with three coagulants types
Authors: Ruge Juan Carlos , Pulgarín Diego , Santamaría Felipe , Orduz Oscar Ivan
Published: September 2019

This study calculated coefficients for the model elaborated by Hasan Ali San in 1989 based on the percentage of flocculated particles removed by three coagulants commonly used for water purification. The coagulants used were type A aluminum sulfate, type B aluminum sulfate and ferric chloride. An experiment was designed to study water with initial turbidity between 25 and 30 Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTU). The experiment consisted of filling a sedimentation column with water and colloid particles which were agitated rapidly and then slowly with compressed air. This allowed the percentage of particles removed from the remaining turbidity to be determined at different times and different depths by measuring sedimentation of the flocculated particles. Once percentages of material removed had been calculated, an isoconcentration graph was elaborated and multiple linear regression was used to determine the coefficients of the model proposed by San.
Significant enzymatic activities in the residues hydrolysis of the sugar cane harvest
Authors: Salcedo mendoza Jairo Guadalupe , Florez Pardo Luz Marina , Lopez Galan Jorge Enrique
Published: September 2019

In the production of ethanol from agroindustrial crop residues, one of the critical stages in the process is the conversion of lignocellulosic material to simple sugars, which can be done chemically or enzymatically. In this research, the enzymatic activities of commercial enzymes were evaluated for their influence on the degradation of lignocellulosic materials from sugar cane harvest residues (leaves and top cane). Eight substrates were pretreated with different delignification methods. Likewise, five enzymatic preparations were configured. An analysis of the enzyme-substrate interactions was conducted through fuzzy system analysis. The results showed regions of maximum enzymatic activity for residues of the sugarcane harvest, between 20-30 Filter Paper Units (FPU) /mL values lower than 500 pNPG (p-Nitrofenol-α-D-Glucopyranoside) U / mL of activity beta-glucosidase and hemicellulase activity between 50 and 70 IU / mL, confirming that the use of large amounts of cellulolytic enzymes is not necessary.