bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gastroesophageal reflux disease associatedsymptoms management in patients with chronic conditions
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, ", Ionescu Oana Maria ,   Grigore T. Popa",   University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania, Popa Andrei ,   “St. Spiridon” Emergency Hospital, Iasi, Romania, Hanghicel Teodora ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania, Profire Lenuta ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
Published: May 2022

Gastroesophageal reflux disease is a worldwide prevalent medical condition. It not only impacts the life quality of patients, but also plays a role in the socio-economic aspect in terms of management of symptoms and therapy. Attentive diagnosis is made after a physical examination that excludes other possible conditions such as cardiac or systemic diseases. Medication must be chosen in agreement with other underlying conditions (diabetes, autoimmune or rheumatic diseases etc.) as many interactions may occur otherwise. The role of a pharmacist plays a key role in this step. In the current situation of the pandemic, increased attention is necessary from the specialists´ point of view to fully benefit the patient.
Adnexal torsion in pregnancy
Authors:   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Ragea Carina , Ciobanu Anca Marina ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Gica Corina ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Demetrian Mihaela ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Cimpoca-Raptis Brindusa Ana ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Peltecu Gheorghe ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Botezatu Radu ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Gica Nicolae ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Panaitescu Anca Maria ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Published: May 2022

This review has the purpose to evaluate and report clinical characteristics, treatment, and obstetric outcomes of adnexal torsion in pregnant women in order to raise awareness of the need for prompt diagnosis and surgical intervention. Adnexal torsion (AT) in pregnancy is a rare event but is a surgical emergency that needs prompt intervention. Misdiagnosis or delay in treatment can lead to loss of ovarian function with an effect on future fertility and loss of the pregnancy. The use of assisted reproductive technology is associated with an increased risk of AT. Diagnosis of AT is very challenging due to its nonspecific signs and symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal tenderness. Furthermore, pregnant women with AT present with specific characteristics, and these common signs and symptoms may be caused by other obstetric and non-obstetric conditions. Ultrasound examination may not be as valuable as in non-pregnant women. MRI can assist in making the diagnosis in pregnant women. Clinical suspicion of AT should not delay treatment if the imaging evaluation is not clarifying. In standard practice, the surgical treatment of AT is performed by laparoscopy which is safe for pregnant patients regardless of the trimester. The treatment is based on a conservative approach by preserving the adnexa although initially, the ovary may seem necrotic. During the intervention the adnexa is de-twisted, and cystectomy or cyst aspiration is performed, if any adnexal mass is present, to reduce the recurrence risk. Surgery during pregnancy for suspected AT does not lead to adverse obstetrical outcomes. Given the difficulties of the diagnosis of AT in pregnancy, it is of great importance that clinicians are familiar with this complication in pregnancy and are aware of the need for prompt intervention.
Inflammatory bowel disease in pregnancy
Authors:   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Cudalba Delia , Ciobanu Anca Marina ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Gica Corina ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Demetrian Mihaela ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Cimpoca-Raptis Brindusa Ana ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Peltecu Gheorghe ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Botezatu Radu ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Gica Nicolae ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Panaitescu Anca Maria ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Published: May 2022

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), with its two main forms, Crohn’s disease, and ulcerative colitis, are characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. It is frequently diagnosed during childbearing years and its overlapping with pregnancy adds more complexity to the management of the disease. This review article aims to summarize what is acknowledged so far regarding IBD in pregnancy, providing up-to-date information. A systematic literature electronic search for journal articles and guidelines regarding IBD during pregnancy was undertaken. The most favorable pregnancy outcomes for pregnant women with IBD occur when the disease is in remission both at the time of conception and during the pregnancy. Most of IBD medication is considered safe during pregnancy and continuing therapy in pregnancy is fundamental for achieving optimal outcomes. Proper management of active IBD in pregnancy requires multidisciplinary care to lower adverse outcomes. There is insufficient knowledge among patients regarding how their pregnancy outcomes could be optimized.
Management of patients with unruptured cerebral arteriovenous malformations during pregnancy and childbirth
Authors:   Neurosurgical Department, “Bagdasar-Arseni” Clinical Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Paslaru Francesca Gabriela , Giovani Andrei ,   Neurosurgical Department, “Bagdasar-Arseni” Clinical Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Nestian Elena ,   Neurosurgical Department, “Bagdasar-Arseni” Clinical Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Iancu George ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Pirgaru Dragos-Iosif ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Paslaru Alexandru Catalin ,   Department of Physiology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Gica Nicolae ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Panaitescu Anca Maria ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
Published: May 2022

Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVM) are fistulous connections between arterial and venous blood flow, consisting of an abnormal tangle of dysplastic arteries and veins, without capillary vessels or interposed functional brain parenchyma. Management of pregnant patients with unruptured AVMs remain a dilemma for both obstetricians and neurosurgeons, due to the scarcity of data about this condition. Decisions are made weighting the risk of bleeding during pregnancy and the neurological status of the patient against the risks associated with a neurosurgical intervention. Most studies suggest that the bleeding risk does increase slightly during pregnancy, but further large prospective studies are needed. This article selects and reviews literature data to convey recommended management strategies for unruptured cerebral vascular malformations during pregnancy, childbirth and puerperium.
Burn injury during pregnancy
Authors:   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Duminica-Turcu Ana Gabriela , Marin Andrei ,   Department of Plastic Surgery, “Sf. Ioan” Emergency Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Gica Nicolae ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Peltecu Gheorghe ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Botezatu Radu ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Panaitescu Anca Maria ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Published: May 2022

Burn injuries represent an important health problem, resulting in severe comorbidity and even death. Described as one of the most uncommon conditions during pregnancy, burn injuries represent a challenge for obstetricians and health care providers among the world, primarily because of the need to find proper treatment options that could benefit both the future mother and the foetus. Diagnosis and treatment require the combined effort of a multidisciplinary team in order to find the best therapeutic options. Given the physiological changes that occur during pregnancy, the body's ability to respond as a result of the stress caused by a burn injury may be affected, while maintaining the viability of the fetus is also considered. Although there is a number of dressings which can be used in superficial burn injuries, in the case of a pregnant woman there are emerging concerns regarding absorption and toxicity. Nonetheless, treatment is individualized according to the degree of burn and gestational age.
Acute pancreatitis and pregnancy
Authors:   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Ilie Ilinca , Cimpoca-Raptis Brindusa Ana ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Ciobanu Anca Marina ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Gica Corina ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Demetrian Mihaela ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Peltecu Gheorghe ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Botezatu Radu ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Gica Nicolae ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Panaitescu Anca Maria ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Published: May 2022

Acute pancreatitis in pregnancy is a rare, but severe medical condition, occurring in 1 in 1,000 to 1 in 10,000 pregnancies and may present as mild, moderate, or severe disease. Diagnosis of acute pancreatitis in the pregnant population is hampered by biochemical and hematological alterations generated by pregnancy itself. There is an increased risk of maternal and fetal complications in cases of severe acute pancreatitis in pregnancy. Diagnosis of acute pancreatitis in pregnancy is based on clinical examination, laboratory tests and imaging techniques. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic ultrasound are diagnostic and therapeutic modalities. Surgical treatment is indicated in severe and refractory cases of acute pancreatitis in pregnancy and laparoscopic cholecystectomy is preferred over open cholecystectomy. Timely diagnosis and management of acute pancreatitis significantly improves both maternal and fetal outcome.
Leiomyomas in pregnancy
Authors:   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Huszti Ana Maria , Ciobanu Anca Marina ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Gica Corina ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Demetrian Mihaela ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Cimpoca-Raptis Brindusa Ana ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Peltecu Gheorghe ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Botezatu Radu ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Gica Nicolae ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Panaitescu Anca Maria ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Published: May 2022

Uterine fibroids are the most common benign tumors affecting female genital tract, responsible for a high morbidity across fertile age women, with a prevalence of 0,1-11% among pregnant women. Although generally asymptomatic, they can lead to a series of symptoms and complications such as pain, infertility, miscarriages, antenatal bleeding, postpartum hemorrhage, preterm labor, fetal malpresentation, placental abruptio and high cesarean section rates. The purpose of review is to update information regarding fibroids specifications and their correlation with pregnancy outcomes as well as fibroids management during pregnancy. Because of uterine fibroids heterogeneity and lack of large, randomized trials there are encountered discrepancies among studies, but it was observed that uterine fibroids increase the risks of negative obstetrical outcomes, especially when it goes to large, multiple, submucous and retroplacental myomas. Conservative management during pregnancy is advised, but in special situations myomectomy could be recommended and possible. Trial of labor should be offered to pregnant women even if they have large uterine fibroids, or previous myomectomy excepting fibroids obstructing the birth canal or patients who underwent extensive surgery for fibroids removal.
Medical Staff at Sanatorium-Resort Organizations: Working Conditions and Health Risk Factors
Authors: Meshkov Nikolay A. , Fesyun Anatoliy D. , Yakovlev Maxim Yu. , Rachin Andrey P. , Valtseva Elena A.
Published: May 2022

Medical staff working conditions are characterized by a range of adverse workplace factors investigated primarily at hospital organizations. However, sanitary audit of working conditions and health risk factors for medical workers in the sanatorium-resort industry is also a task that needs attention.
Aim. To analyze the results of the working conditions special assessment and identify the main work-related factors affecting health state of medical staff at sanatorium-resort organizations.
Material and methods. Scientific search and analysis of publications on the safety of working conditions and health protection of medical workers. Systematization of research materials, statistical and comparative analysis of the results of working conditions special assessment carried out at branches of the Medical Research Center and data provided in publications.
Results. Medical staff are exposed to a wide range of hazards. Work-related factors that do not meet established hygiene standards cause the greatest concern among medical workers. These are microclimate, lighting and working equipment (47.0%, 37.8% and 24.0%, respectively). A number of devices inspected in the physiotherapy room exceeded hygienic standards for alternating electric and magnetic field intensity. Analysis of air pollution in the physiotherapy department working area showed that some of the harmful chemicals exceeded permissible exposure limits. The results of the special assessment of working conditions performed at branches of the Medical Research Center showed that a high percentage of medical workers was exposed to harmful biological factors and high severity of the labor process.
Conclusion. Physical and chemical factors are the greatest workplace hazards for healthcare workers at health resorts. However, a special assessment of working conditions showed that the biological factor was the most significant one across all professional groups.
Experience in the Use of Physical Factors in the Rehabilitation of Patients after Pneumonia Associated with COVID-19
Authors: Kulchitskaya Detelina B. , Fesyun Anatoliy D. , Samoylov Alexander S. , Kolbakhova Svetlana N.
Published: May 2022

To date, a new coronavirus disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus (also known as COVID-19) has become a serious public health problem worldwide. Unfortunately, there are no specific drugs for the treatment of this infection until now. It is known that COVID-19 is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 betacoronavirus, which mainly affects the cells of the respiratory and digestive systems. There are scientific data on the effectiveness of a number of physiotherapy methods for a new coronavirus infection, which justifies their inclusion in the complex rehabilitation within the in-patient stage.
Aim. This work aimed at the scientific justification of the physical factors use in the rehabilitation programs of patients after pneumonia associated with COVID-19.
Material and methods. 60 patients (40 women and 20 men) who had suffered from COVID-19 pneumonia were examined. The time from the onset of the disease was on average 2 months. The study involved patients with mild and moderate pneumonia. The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups. The first group (30 patients) received low-intensity magnetic therapy for the chest area, infrared laser therapy for the lung roots, chest massage, therapeutic gymnastics and a course of hyperbaric oxygenation. The second group (30 patients) received high-intensity magnetic stimulation of the respiratory muscles, infrared laser therapy on the lung roots, chest massage, therapeutic gymnastics and a course of hyperbaric oxygenation.
Results. As a result of the conducted rehabilitation programs, there was an improvement in the well-being of patients in both groups.There was a decrease in shortness of breath, an increase in physical activity, a decrease and disappearance of pain in the chest area. This was confirmed by a significant reliable dynamics of the 6-minute walk test and the laser Doppler flowmetry parameters and spirometry. Positive dynamics in the C — reactive protein parameter and a tendency to improve the D –dimer parameter were revealed. The changes in the studied parameters were more significant in patients of the second group.
Conclusion. Thus, analyzing the results obtained, it can be argued that the developed comprehensive treatment programs for patients who have suffered pneumonia associated with COVID-19 lead to clinical improvement in this category of patients. However, more significant changes in the studied parameters were noted in the group of patients that received a comprehensive program that included a high-intensity electromagnetic field.
Orthostatic Hypotension Management in Patients with Traumatic Cervical Myelopathy
Authors: Bushkov Fedor A. , Razumov Alexander N. , Sichinava Nino V.
Published: May 2022

Aim. To study the incidence and severity of orthostatic hypotension and develop a method for its correction in patients after spinal cord injury (SCI) at the cervical level.
Material and мethods. The study included 120 patients after spinal cord injury at cervical level with tetraplegia C5–C8 motor levels since injury more than 1 year divided into 3 groups comparable in terms of demographic, neurological and functional parameters. The group 1 (control) received standard therapy (exercise therapy, modalities, ergotherapy, massage), the group 2 received standard therapy and permanent wearing of an abdominal bandage during the day, the group 3 received rehabilitation identical to the group 2 in conjunction with low-intensity laser therapy (reflex-segmental technique). Evaluation of the results was carried out at the beginning (T1), at the end (T2) after a 30-day rehabilitation course; in assessing the state of the ANS used heart rate variability, ABPM, tilt test, deep breathing test; the motor system was assessed using the international neurological assessment standard — ASIA Impairment Scale, the FIM motor subscale (FIMm).
Results and discussion. The quantity of 35% of patients have orthostatic hypotension while subjective manifestations during the tilt test was seen only in 22% of patients. At the initial examination, there were no differences between the groups in terms of vegetative and functional status. There were no changes in neurological status in all groups, functional activity increased by 6 ± 5.4 points in the control group (FIMm), and 6 ± 4.6 and 7 ± 4.5 points in 2 and 3 groups, respectively without any the statistical differences between the groups (F = 0.51; p = 0.42) at the end of rehabilitation. There were positive changes in vegetative parameters in all groups, with the exception of the mean night systolic blood pressure (SBP) between the 1 and 2 groups. Intergroup comparison have shown positive changes in all vegetative parameters that was higher in the 2 and 3 groups: decreasing drop of SBP during tilt test was 4 ± 2.8. and 5 ± 3.2 mm Hg, increase in inspiratory- expiratory index (RRmax / RRmin) 0.5 ± 0.08 and 0.7 ± 0.10 units, increase in daytime mean SBP (ABPM) 5 ± 1.1 and 8 ± 1.4 mm Hg respectively in groups 2 and 3, against 2 ± 1.9 mm Hg. and 0.2 ± 0.05 units, 3 ± 0.9 mm Hg in the group 1. In group 3, the value and increase in RRmax / RRmin (1.21 ± 0.11; 1.23 ± 0.13; 1.27 ± 0.15, respectively, in 1, 2 and 3 groups), mean daytime SBP (105 ± 3; 108 ± 3; 110 ± 4 mm Hg, respectively in 1, 2, and 3 groups) was higher in the group 3.
Conclusion. Orthostatic Hypotension (OH) occured in one third of patients in the late period after SCI at the cervical level, the method of OH management that included daytime abdominal bandage wearing and using low-intensity laser radiation (905 nm, 50 Hz) on the cardioreflex zones has shown its preliminary effectiveness.
Experience of Rhythmic Peripheral Magnetic Stimulation Application in the Treatment of Pareses of Various Etiologies at the Foot Level and the Objectiveness of Assessing the Dynamics of Motor Disorders. Literature Review
Authors: Kuzyuberdin Alexey V. , Karpov Sergey M. , Shatokhin Anton A. , Vyshlova Irina A. , Raevskaya Anastasia I.
Published: May 2022

The aim of this work is to study the current issue state of using rhythmic peripheral magnetic stimulation (rPMS) in the rehabilitation of patients with paresis of the lower extremities with lower lumbar radiculopathy. The article presents information on the use of rPMS in the rehabilitation of patients with motor impairments in various diseases. The world experience of the effectiveness and reliability of the technique application in patients with various motor disorders has been analyzed. It is clarified that this direction in the domestic and foreign literature is represented by few works, and the rehabilitation of patients with paresis of the foot after discectomy at the lower lumbar level is insufficiently expanded on a topic.
Conclusion. Our literature analysis shows a good clinical effect of using low-frequency stimulation in the treatment of motor disorders, which turned out to be identical to that obtained by a number of authors who used low-frequency rTMS in similar studies. The issue of using the rPMS method in the rehabilitation of patients with paresis of the lower extremities remains relevant and promising.
Physical Medicine and Medical Rehabilitation in “Restorative” Ophthalmology: Historical Stages and Development Prospects
Authors: Ovechkin Igor G. , Yudin Vladimir E. , Shakula Alexander V. , Ovechkin Nikolay I.
Published: May 2022

An overview of the historical stages of “restorative ophthalmology” is presented, taking into account the main directions of the concept of “Wellness of Healthy Eyes” in order to prevent and correct asthenopia in patients with visually strenuous work, based on a three-level system of prevention and correction of functional visual disorders. The first level is aimed at increasing the patient’s awareness of issues of vision protection and hygiene. The second level is aimed at reducing the adverse effects of environmental factors on the state of vision. The third level is realized in the form of methods of specific and nonspecific stimulation of the organ of vision. The urgency of considering a new scientific problem in ophthalmology related to the development of the concept of diagnostics and assessment of the therapeutic measures effectiveness from the standpoint of modern requirements for medical rehabilitation has been substantiated. It is proposed that a practical solution to this problem should be carried out through the development of qualificatory signs of the international classification of functioning, adequate questionnaires for assessing the “quality of life” in actual eye pathology (asthenopia,cataract), as well as an assessment of traditional (conservative, surgical) treatment from the standpoint of modern basic characteristics of medical rehabilitation (rehabilitation goal, rehabilitation diagnosis, rehabilitation prognosis, etc.).
Conclusion. The most important task of medical focus is to preserve the functional state of the human operator’s visual analyzer at a level that allows performing professional activities with the required reliability and quality indicators.
FAMILIARITY BIAS INVESTIGATION IN PORTFOLIO CREATION
Authors: Maknickienė Nijolė , Martinkutė-Kaulienė Raimonda , Rapkevičiūtė Lina
Published: May 2022

The prevailing opinion exists that investors include to their portfolio what they know or what is located around them. Investment decision, which is impacted by familiarity bias, avoid including international companies to portfolio which might lead to lower performance compared to portfolio which has both, local and international, stocks in a portfolio. The aim of this study is to analyse the impact of familiarity bias on investment decision, to form port-folios from the stocks listed on the Nasdaq Baltic stock exchange and compare their performance to global portfolios, which are formed from the stocks listed on the New York Stock Exchange. Investment portfolios were built using mean variance (MV) and Black–Litterman (BL) models. The analysis revealed that the returns of the portfolios built on the Nasdaq Baltic exchange are higher than the returns of the global portfolios. Additionally, the volatility of returns is lower for Nasdaq Baltic portfolios. When selected markets have different growth rates, investment decisions based on familiarity bias can achieve better results.
CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR INVESTMENT IN AFGHANISTAN DURING THE COALITION FORCES’ SUPPORT FOR THE GOVERNMENT
Authors: Güvenek Burcu , Karaçor Zeynep , Khatir Abdul Qahar
Published: May 2022

The goal of this study is to look into the challenges and opportunities for investing in Afghanistan while coalition forces are present in the country. The World Bank (WB) enterprise survey was used for this, with dependent dummy variables being access to finance, land, electricity, being in a stable political environment, taxes, and security, and dependent variables being age, small, medium, and large enterprises, experience of top level managers, and firm ages. The most significant and significant impediments for investors and enterprises are access to land, access to electricity, access to a secure environment, and taxes.
EFFICIENCY OF ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING: THE CASE OF NORTHERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
Authors: Truskauskas Gintas , Taujanskaitė Kamilė
Published: May 2022

As money laundering is a highly threatening and dangerous activity, its damage is only discussed when the consequences of these illegal activities become public, thus such kinds of investigations are particularly relevant. By fol-lowing public anti-money laundering (AML) directives and internal financial legislation of specific countries, it is pos-sible to improve any money laundering situation, anticipate potential risks and avoid various financial downturns. This paper examines the evolution of money laundering, the motives behind them, the potential economic consequences and highlights the need to suppress these activities to promote higher standards of AML, which could have a posi-tive impact on the countries’ economies. In the empirical part, according to the main macroeconomic indicators, 10 Northern European countries are analysed and the effectiveness of anti-money laundering processes, are identified. The analysis is made using several research steps, obtained results are compared and discussed. Methods used: scientific literature analysis, comparative analysis, data systematization, statistical data analysis, COPRAS, and cluster analysis. Conclusions and future research areas are mentioned.
RESEARCH ON THE USE OF ADTECH IN FINTECH COMPANIES
Authors: Gustaitė Akvilė , Miečinskienė Algita
Published: May 2022

The FinTech sector is booming with record funding and investment every year. It is no surprise that the industry is becoming remarkably attractive to new business players and, as a result, increasingly competitive. To cut through the noise and lead, it is important to promote the service or product most effectively and accurately. The Fin-Tech advertising and marketing literature analyses well-known approaches such as social media or even traditional advertising; however, the usage of AdTech in the FinTech sector is barely discussed and analyzed. This article aims to fill the gap and research the usage of AdTech in the FinTech sector, analyzing the relevance, efficiency, and value of Ad-Tech tools in FinTech companies. This research methodology includes an experts’ survey, Kendall’s coefficient of con-cordance (W), TOPSIS, and AHP methods that help determine the factors of the use of AdTech in the FinTech sector.
NII FORECASTING MODEL FOR LOCAL BALTIC BANKS IRRBB MANAGEMENT
Authors: Žigienė Gerda , Valukonis Mantas
Published: May 2022

This paper contributes to the existent literature and the current discussions on regulatory changes towards bank exposure to interest rate risk in the banking book (IRRBB) aiming to provide the model on the computation of earning based gap analysis under unconditional cash flow for the European Bank Authority’s (EBA’s) category 4 banks (i. e. small non-complex domestic financial institutions). The problem, discussed in this paper, arises because the Final Standards issued by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision do not determine the level of sophistication of the IRRBB measurement techniques. There are different explanations of consultants, some surveys, and recommendations, but no suggestions on the particular modeling towards regulation in IRRBB have been found. Another issue addressed here is the uneven capacity of creating risk assessment models of large international and small domestic financial insti-tutions due to the difference in human resources. We first discuss recent changes of regulation on interest rates in the banking book and the background of these changes. We then develop a methodology of the model for assessment of earning-based gap analysis under unconditional cash flows for the 4th category of banks (small, local banks). In addi-tion, the model with one of the Baltic domestic commercial bank’s simulated data is tested.
The Large Dispersion and Scattering of FRB 20190520B Are Dominated by the Host Galaxy
Authors: Koch Ocker Stella , Cordes James M. , Chatterjee Shami , Niu Chen-Hui , Li Di , McKee James W. , Law Casey J. , Tsai Chao-Wei , Anna-Thomas Reshma , Yao Ju-Mei , Cruces Marilyn
Published: May 2022

The repeating fast radio burst FRB 20190520B is localized to a galaxy at z = 0.241, much closer than expected given its dispersion measure DM = 1205 ± 4 pc cm−3. Here we assess implications of the large DM and scattering observed from FRB 20190520B for the host galaxy’s plasma properties. A sample of 75 bursts detected with the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope shows scattering on two scales: a mean temporal delay τ(1.41 GHz) = 10.9 ± 1.5 ms, which is attributed to the host galaxy, and a mean scintillation bandwidth Δν
d(1.41 GHz) = 0.21 ± 0.01 MHz, which is attributed to the Milky Way. Balmer line measurements for the host imply an Hα emission measure (galaxy frame) EMs = 620 pc cm−6 × (T/104 K)0.9, implying DMHα
of order the value inferred from the FRB DM budget,

DM

h

=

1121

−
138

+
89

pc cm−3 for plasma temperatures greater than the typical value 104 K. Combining τ and DMh yields a nominal constraint on the scattering amplification from the host galaxy

F

˜

G

=

1.5

−
0.3

+
0.8

(

pc

2

km
)

−
1

/

3

, where

F

˜

describes turbulent density fluctuations and G represents the geometric leverage to scattering that depends on the location of the scattering material. For a two-screen scattering geometry where τ arises from the host galaxy and Δν
d from the Milky Way, the implied distance between the FRB source and dominant scattering material is ≲100 pc. The host galaxy scattering and DM contributions support a novel technique for estimating FRB redshifts using the τ–DM relation, and are consistent with previous findings that scattering of localized FRBs is largely dominated by plasma within host galaxies and the Milky Way.
Improved Upper Limit on Degree-scale CMB B-mode Polarization Power from the 670 Square-degree POLARBEAR Survey
Authors:   The polarbear Collaboration, Adachi S. , Adkins T. , Aguilar Faúndez M. A. O. , Arnold K. S. , Baccigalupi C. , Barron D. , Chapman S. , Cheung K. , Chinone Y. , Crowley K. T. , Elleflot T. , Errard J. , Fabbian G. , Feng C. , Fujino T. , Galitzki N. , Halverson N. W. , Hasegawa M. , Hazumi M. , Hirose H. , Howe L. , Ito J. , Jeong O. , Kaneko D. , Katayama N. , Keating B. , Kisner T. , Krachmalnicoff N. , Kusaka A. , Lee A. T. , Linder E. , Lonappan A. I. , Lowry L. N. , Matsuda F. , Matsumura T. , Minami Y. , Murata M. , Nishino H. , Nishinomiya Y. , Poletti D. , Reichardt C. L. , Ross C. , Segawa Y. , Siritanasak P. , Stompor R. , Suzuki A. , Tajima O. , Takakura S. , Takatori S. , Tanabe D. , Teply G. , Yamada K. , Zhou Y.
Published: May 2022

We report an improved measurement of the degree-scale cosmic microwave background B-mode angular-power spectrum over 670 deg2 sky area at 150 GHz with Polarbear. In the original analysis of the data, errors in the angle measurement of the continuously rotating half-wave plate, a polarization modulator, caused significant data loss. By introducing an angle-correction algorithm, the data volume is increased by a factor of 1.8. We report a new analysis using the larger data set. We find the measured B-mode spectrum is consistent with the ΛCDM model with Galactic dust foregrounds. We estimate the contamination of the foreground by cross-correlating our data and Planck 143, 217, and 353 GHz measurements, where its spectrum is modeled as a power law in angular scale and a modified blackbody in frequency. We place an upper limit on the tensor-to-scalar ratio r < 0.33 at 95% confidence level after marginalizing over the foreground parameters.
Detection of Cosmic Fullerenes in the Almahata Sitta Meteorite: Are They an Interstellar Heritage?
Authors: Sabbah Hassan , Carlos Mickaël , Jenniskens Peter , Shaddad Muawia H. , Duprat Jean , Goodrich Cyrena A. , Joblin Christine
Published: May 2022

Buckminsterfullerene, C60, is the largest molecule observed to date in interstellar and circumstellar environments. The mechanism of formation of this molecule is actively debated. Despite targeted searches in primitive carbonaceous chondrites, no unambiguous detection of C60 in a meteorite has been reported to date. Here we report the first firm detection of fullerenes, from C30 to at least C100, in the Almahata Sitta (AhS) polymict ureilite meteorite. This detection was achieved using highly sensitive laser desorption laser ionization mass spectrometry. Fullerenes have been unambiguously detected in seven clasts of AhS ureilites. Molecular family analysis shows that fullerenes are from a different reservoir compared to the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons detected in the same samples. The fullerene family correlates best with carbon clusters, some of which may have been formed by the destruction of solid carbon phases by the impacting laser. We show that the detected fullerenes are not formed in this way. We suggest that fullerenes are an intrinsic component of a specific carbon phase that has yet to be identified. The nondetection of fullerenes in the Murchison and Allende bulk samples, while using the same experimental conditions, suggests that this phase is absent or less abundant in these primitive chondrites. The former case would support the formation of fullerenes by shock-wave processing of carbonaceous phases in the ureilite parent body. However, there are no experimental data to support this scenario. This leaves open the possibility that fullerenes are an interstellar heritage and a messenger of interstellar processes.
The Dynamic Structure of Coronal Hole Boundaries
Authors: Aslanyan V. , Pontin D. I. , Scott R. B. , Higginson A. K. , Wyper P. F. , Antiochos S. K.
Published: May 2022

The boundaries of solar coronal holes are difficult to uniquely define observationally but are sites of interest in part because the slow solar wind appears to originate there. The aim of this article is to explore the dynamics of interchange magnetic reconnection at different types of coronal hole boundaries—namely streamers and pseudostreamers—and their implications for the coronal structure. We describe synthetic observables derived from three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the atmosphere of the Sun in which coronal hole boundaries are disturbed by flows that mimic the solar supergranulation. Our analysis shows that interchange reconnection takes place much more readily at the pseudostreamer boundary of the coronal hole. As a result, the portion of the coronal hole boundary formed by the pseudostreamer remains much smoother, in contrast to the highly distorted helmet-streamer portion of the coronal hole boundary. Our results yield important new insights on coronal hole boundary regions, which are critical in coupling the corona to the heliosphere as the formation regions of the slow solar wind.
The Effect of Supernova Convection On Neutron Star and Black Hole Masses
Authors: Fryer Chris L. , Olejak Aleksandra , Belczynski Krzysztof
Published: May 2022

Our understanding of the convective-engine paradigm driving core-collapse supernovae has been used for two decades to predict the remnant mass distribution from stellar collapse. These predictions improve as our understanding of this engine increases. In this paper, we review our current understanding of convection (in particular, the growth rate of convection) in stellar collapse and study its effect on the remnant mass distribution. We show how the depth of the mass gap between neutron stars and black holes can help probe this convective growth. We include a study of the effects of stochasticity in both the stellar structure and the convective seeds caused by stellar burning. We study the role of rotation and its effect on the pair-instability mass gap. Under the paradigm limiting stellar rotation to those stars in tight binaries, we determine the effect of rotation on the remnant mass distribution.
Revenu permanent, cycle de vie, héritage : comment la microéconomie modélise le temps long de l’épargne ?
Authors: Amard Pauline , de l’Estoile Étienne
Published: May 2022

Cet encadré revient sur les grands modèles des comportements d’épargne : l’hypothèse du revenu permanent, la théorie du cycle de vie et les modèles hypermétropes qui prennent en compte l’héritage, pour les expliquer brièvement et faire ressortir les différences dans leurs définitions de l’horizon temporel des agents économiques.
Histoire et politique économique : le choix radical possible
Authors: Antipa Pamfili , Bignon Vincent
Published: May 2022

Pendant les crises économiques et financières ou en période de fort changement technologique, des solutions radicales émergent et des politiques non-conventionnelles sont mises en œuvre. L’histoire est souvent mobilisée pour discuter ou motiver l’intérêt de ces solutions ou de ces politiques. Dans cet article, nous discutons des apports de l’histoire économique dans ces périodes de changement radical.
Risque, incertitude et anticipations en économie
Authors: Passaga Éloïse , Salin Mathilde
Published: May 2022

La distinction établie par F. Knight en 1921 entre un risque — événement futur auquel on peut donner une probabilité d'occurrence — et une incertitude — pour laquelle on ne peut pas donner de probabilité — a été historiquement mise de côté par la théorie économique dominante pour expliquer comment les agents économiques envisagent le futur. Néanmoins, le concept d’incertitude semble actuellement regagner en popularité et vient défier les théories existantes des anticipations.
Prévision et prospective : deux approches différentes de l'avenir économique ? Entretien croisé avec des praticiens
Authors: Maïzi Nadia , Ouvrard Jean-François , Daumas Louis , Régniez Théo
Published: May 2022

En économie, regarder vers le futur mobilise deux principales approches : la prévision et la prospective. Dans cet entretien croisé avec Nadia Maïzi, spécialiste de prospective et professeure en mathématiques appliquées à MINES Paris-PSL, et Jean-François Ouvrard, prévisionniste et chef du service dédié à la Banque de France, nous interrogeons ces deux disciplines. Au travers de leurs particularités, leurs différences et leurs interfaces, cette discussion met en exergue comment elles impliquent deux rapports complémentaires au futur, s’insèrent à des étapes distinctes des processus de décision, et interviennent chacune à leur manière dans le débat public.
Une science de la prévision économique ?
Authors: Pilmis Olivier
Published: May 2022

Abordant la prévision macroéconomique sous l’angle de la scientificité qu’on lui prête, ce texte met en lumière certaines de ses propriétés en tant que processus de production. D’abord, celui-ci ne repose pas exclusivement sur l’utilisation de modèles économétriques, mais s’inscrit dans une division plus large du travail d’expertise. Celle-ci comprend même certains « représentants » de l’économie elle-même, ce qui invite à rompre avec l’idée de prévisionnistes qui observeraient l’économie depuis une position surplombante. Enfin, s’intéresser à certains concepts qui figurent au cœur de cette activité, comme celui de PIB potentiel, souligne que les descriptions produites par la prévision ne sont jamais parfaitement neutres mais comprennent déjà des qualifications politiques des situations économiques.
Démocratiser le long terme
Authors: Agacinski Daniel
Published: May 2022

La question de la responsabilité à l’égard des générations futures n’est pas nouvelle en démocratie : dès la Révolution américaine, Jefferson déclarait que « la terre appartient en usufruit aux vivants et non aux morts ». Mais le nouveau régime climatique exacerbe cette responsabilité, et met la démocratie sous tension. Comment faire pour engager une transition résolue et fiable sur le long terme, sans restreindre la liberté de choix propre aux processus démocratiques ?
Entre humain et divin : la bipolarité du discours dans l’ Heptaméron
Authors: de Lajarte Philippe
Published: May 2022

Présent d’entrée dans le Prologue, avec le discours d’Oisille, le souci spirituel continue d’habiter les récits des devisants aussi bien que leurs dialogues, fondé essentiellement sur la participation de l’ensemble des reclus de Serrance au même credo évangélique. Ne leur donnant pas pour autant accès au « conseil privé de Dieu », autrement dit à la Vérité absolue, cette communauté spirituelle ne les empêche pas de se trouver le plus souvent en désaccord sur le sens à donner aux faits rapportés dans les récits et sur les questions fondamentales, d’ordre moral et même spirituel, que ceux-ci soulèvent. Strictement requise au sein de leurs échanges, l’exigence de véridicité ne donne pas aux devisants le pouvoir de transgresser les limites humaines du jugement ni à leur discours celui de dépasser le niveau de ce que l’exégèse chrétienne appelle le sens « littéral ».
Marc Papillon de Lasphrise ou les ambivalences du poil
Authors: Gilles Audrey
Published: May 2022

Le motif du poil dans les Premières œuvres poétiques de Marc Papillon Lasphrise souligne une poétique de l’ambivalence qui recouvre aussi bien les effets stylistiques que l’agencement des recueils ou les discours sur les femmes. Il permet de retracer une évolution des influences et des pratiques poétiques, entre pétrarquisme et baroque.
Les contours fluctuants de l’altérité vérolée dans les écrits médicaux français (XVI e -XVII e siècle)
Authors: Laubner Jérôme
Published: May 2022

Depuis plusieurs années, les écrits médicaux produits en France au xvi e  siècle autour de la maladie vénérienne appelée « grosse vérole » ou « syphilis » font l’objet de multiples investigations. Élargissant le corpus aux textes peu étudiés du xvii e  siècle, la présente contribution analyse les diverses figures de l’altérité qui sont jugées responsables de la propagation épidémique d’une maladie intimement liée à la luxure. En dépit des changements qui affectent la médecine au cours de ces deux siècles, l’article montre que la condamnation des paillards et des prostituées est une constante des discours marqués par un contextepost-tridentinde valorisation de la procréation au sein du couple marié. L’élargissement du corpus aux recueils d’observations médicales fait apparaître combien les contoursde l’altérité fluctuent selon les genres retenus pour décrire la vérole. Si le discours misogyne est frappant dans le genre du traité médical, les observations esquissent la possibilité d’une prise en charge axiologiquement plus neutre.
Référendums citoyens contre les projets extractifs en Colombie : la construction de coalitions multisectorielles pour la défense du territoire et des ressources
Authors: Massal Julie
Published: May 2022

La mise en œuvre de référendums « populaires » ou « citoyens » s’opposant à des projets extractifs de diverses ressources (pétrolière, minière ou hydraulique) a pris une ampleur inédite en 2017, en Colombie. Ce mode de consultation est devenu l’un des instruments majeurs de la défense des ressources naturelles et des territoires et débouche sur un rejet massif des projets extractifs. Chaque référendum donne lieu à la constitution d’une ample coalition composite socialement, qui tisse des alliances à diverses échelles. La stratégie d’alliance multi-niveaux depuis un ancrage municipal et la défense d’une légitime participation populaire à la décision sur le modèle de développement, contribuent de façon décisive à l’essor des référendums citoyens. Leur impact politique national est cependant restreint par une série d’obstacles politiques et sociaux.