bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gambaran Karakteristik Akseptor Keluarga Berencana (KB) Metode Kontrasepsi Jangka Panjang (MKJP) di Desa Payaman
Authors: Fitri Putri Yunia , Fitriyah Nurul
Published: November 2018

Indonesia have a problem on the number one of quality human resources with the high birth rate each year. In these improvements, it is necessary to increase the degree of life with development and Family Planning (FP). The purpose of this study was to determine description of characteristic FP MKJP acceptors in Payaman village, Ngraho, Bojonegoro. This research was descriptive analytic with quantitative approach. The data were collected using structured questioners to 243 mothers and 213 fathers in Payaman village. The variable that used in this study was age, education, job, hospital sheet, type of contraseption tools and time used contraseption tools. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistic analysis. The result of this study was determine that mayority of populations in Payaman Village, Ngraho Subdistrict, Bojonegoro City has follow FP’s  program.  The description of characteristic FP acceptors that use MKJP method in Payaman Village, Ngraho Subdistrict, Bojonegoro City were 15–45 years old (61%), has job as a farmer (78%), has a low education (66%) An  using IUD as contraseption tools with using period more than 6 years (90%). From this explanation the result of the variable shows that there is no differences risks between FP MKJP and non MKJP.
Analisis Ketenagakerjaan di Provinsi Jawa Timur
Authors: Baskoro Argus , Kuntoro Kuntoro
Published: November 2018

This study aims to analyze the labor force, labor force participation rate, and employment opportunities in East Java. The method used is the observation of secondary data from the Planning and Development Agencies of East Java (BAPPEDA JATIM) and also the central website of the National Bureau of Statistic (BPS). Then, data is analyzed and processed using Spectrum software. The result of labor force data analysis shows that the city of Surabaya is the region with the largest labor force that is 1.336.932 people, while the city of Mojokerto has the lowest number of labor force is 61.459 inhabitants. The total labor force in an area is affected by the number of indigenous peoples and the rate of urbanization, which residents hope to obtain better education and employment. The highest labor force participation rate was found in Pacitan district area of 83%, while the lowest was Probolinggo district at 63%. The highest employment data analysis result is found Surabaya city with the number of 1.245.542 job opportunities. Some of the factors that affect employment opportunities include the economic conditions of an area, population growth rate, resource quality, the amount of income, and age structure of the population.
Deskripsi Potensi Sumber Daya Manusia dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Capaian Kontrasepsi Mantap di Kota Surabaya Tahun 2014–2016
Authors: Hayati Ratih Nur , Fitriyah Nurul
Published: November 2018

Population problems are characterized by an increasing rate of rapid population growth (BKKBN, 2012). Family planning program is the government’s spearhead to control population growth. Surabaya City which consist of five regions has diverse characteristics of population, ranging from different levels of Education 2015 (71.95%) and exceeding Surabaya’s achievement target by 70% (Dinkes Surabaya, 2015). However, increased achievements of MOW and MOP acceptors in the following year were not guaranteed. Based on those statements, the identification of resource potency to increase the achievement of permanent contraception method was performed. The resource data was the achievement data of Surabaya in 2014–2016. The objective of this study was to describe resource potency to increase MOP and MOW achievement in Surabaya based on achievement data in 2014–2016. The secondary data, namely permanent contraception data was obtained from KB Sector in Department of Population Control, Women Empowerment and Child Protection of Surabaya City and adjusted with the amounts of available midwives, KB staffs and health care facilities in each district. Based on the data analyzed, it was found that resource potency from available midwives, KB staffs and health care facilities had potential effect on permanent contraception achievement in 5 Surabaya’s regions. It was recommended to give IEC involving religion leader or public figure with high influence on public to perform persuasive effort to other acceptors.
Cox Regression untuk Mengetahui Besaran Risiko Terjadinya Kekambuhan Kembali (Relaps) Penyalahgunaan Narkoba
Authors: Monitasari Kardita Puspa , Indriani Diah
Published: November 2018

Relapse happened because of factor that affected an addict back to the previous state. Recurrence rate off an addict that had been treated on a various therapeutic center and rehabilitation was higher from 60% until 80%. Relapse occurred when an individual returned to his/her pattern of addiction or back to deviant behavior. The purpose of this research is identifying factors that can affect relapse. This research is analytic observational research using cross sectional design. The data were collected from 30 people who still undergo the rehabilitation. Data analysis of this research is using cox regression. Result of this research showed that someone who has medium level of knowledge has a risk to get relapse 41.26 times higher than someone who has a lower level of knowledge. Respondent with high level of knowledge might got relapse 1.4 times higher than respondent that has a low level of knowledge. While the variable of a medium peer environment showed risk of 3.31 times higher got a relapse than a high peer environment. Respondent that has a low peer environment might got relapse 1.45 higher than a high peer environment. In this reseach, there are two factors that can affect relapse event, those factors were the level of knowledge and peer environment. The biggest risk for an addict to get their relapse is knowledge, so that the knowledge of narcotics should be given more and also to make their peer environment support them in avoiding the narcotics.
Virtual Asphalt to Predict Roads’ Air Voids and Hydraulic Conductivity
Authors: Aboufoul Mustafa , Chiarelli Andrea , Triguero Isaac , Garcia Alvaro
Published: November 2018

This paper investigates the effects of air void topology on hydraulic conductivity in asphalt mixtures with porosity in the range 14%-31%. Virtual asphalt pore networks were generated using the Intersected Stacked Air voids (ISA) method, with its parameters being automatically adjusted by the means of a differential evolution optimisation algorithm, and then 3D printed using transparent resin. Permeability tests were conducted on the resin samples to understand the effects of pore topology on hydraulic conductivity. Moreover, the pore networks generated virtually were compared to real asphalt pore networks captured via X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) scans. The optimised ISA method was able to generate realistic 3D pore networks corresponding to those seen in asphalt mixtures in term of visual, topological, statistical and air void shape properties. It was found that, in the range of porous asphalt materials investigated in this research, the high dispersion in hydraulic conductivity at constant air void content is a function of the average air void diameter. Finally, the relationship between average void diameter and the maximum aggregate size and gradation in porous asphalt materials was investigated.
Assessing the Operational Carbon at University
Authors: Zen Irina Safitri , Bandi Masilah , Karniah Kasturi Devi , Binti Abu Bakar Iklil Nabihah , Zakaria Rozana
Published: November 2018

The establishment of low carbon assessment initiatives is a crucial task especially at the city level. The determination of which source of carbon contributed more require robust data set and strategic approach. Hence, by using the campus as a small city approach, the establishment of carbon assessment and its’ reduction initiatives was required to keep track of the hotspot of the carbon source. The substantial amount of carbon source from campus operations such as energy consumption in the building, waste generation, and water consumption were identified. Moreover, as institutions of higher education, the execution of low carbon campus was initiated structurally involves the triangulation of research activities, teaching & learning and as well as campus operations or known as campus living lab approach. The application of low carbon cities framework, LCCF and assessment system enables to strategize the low carbon campus initiatives through the use of carbon footprint concept and the LCCF carbon track.
The Perinatal Mental Health Project: A Critical Appraisal of Program Viability, Accessibility and Sustainability
Authors: Cui Qiming , Jiang Shangge , Nie Yan
Published: November 2018

Background. Perinatal depression is one of the leading causes of disability in perinatal women and is highly prevalent in disadvantaged communities in LMICs. However, care capacity remains low in most LMICs. As such, we decided to find and assess a screening program that addresses perinatal mental health problems in a resource-efficient manner. This leads us to a critically appraisal of the Perinatal Mental Health Project (PMHP), a screening program based in peri-urban Western Cape Town that stresses task sharing and stepped care intervention. Method. PubMed, Ovid Medline (1946 to 2018), and Google Scholar were searched for publications until March 2018, with data or evaluation of the PMHP. PMHP website publications were used for data and interpretation. The program’s viability was evaluated based on criteria published by UK National Screening Council. The program’s impact was analyzed using published patient outcome data. Access to care was evaluated at three barriers to accessing care proposed by Gjerdingen et al. (2007). The financial model was evaluated using the “four-pillars” of sustainable organization financial management proposed by León (2001). Findings. The PMHP’s screening program viability satisfies most criteria of the UK National Screening Council, and the program’s benefits outweigh its harms. Patient self-reports indicate successful impact with several highlights in accessibility. The program also demonstrates financial sustainability and potential for scaling-up. Interpretations. The operation model of the PMHP shows satisfactory viability and sustainability. With modifications fitting local context and government cooperation, this model offers promising potential in bringing public health and economic benefits.
Kinetic Studies on Gas-Based Reduction of Vanadium Titano-Magnetite Pellet
Authors: Chen Junwei , Mi Liang , Jiao Yang , Wang Xidong
Published: November 2018

Vanadium titano-magnetite is a significant resource in China, and in this study, we characterize its isothermal reduction mechanisms in the mixture of H2, CO, and N2 where the variables considered here include reduction time, reduction temperature, gas composition, and pellet size. The kinetics of the reduction process are mainly studied, which follows a shrinking core model. The results indicate that the reduction degree of oxidized VTM pellets increases with the increase of reduction time, reduction temperature but decreases with the increase of pellet size. Moreover, we found that an increase of H2/(H2+CO) ratio induces an increase of the reduction degree. Then the transformation of main Ti-bearing mineral phases is discussed, and the most probable reaction mechanism is revealed. In the whole reduction process, the kinetic results confirm the existence of an early stage and a latter stage, which are controlled by interface chemical reaction and diffusion, respectively. Furthermore, the results show that the diffusion-control step can be observably shortened with the decrease of pellet size because a thinner product layer is formed during the reduction process. Our study thus provides a valuable technical basis on the VTM industrial application.
A Green Procedure to Manufacture Nanoparticle Decorated Paper Substrates
Authors: Schlemmer Werner , Fischer Wolfgang , Zankel Armin , Vukušić Tomislava , Filipič Gregor , Jurov Andrea , Blažeka Damjan , Goessler Walter , Bauer Wolfgang , Spirk Stefan , Krstulović Nikša
Published: November 2018

A paper impregnated with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has been prepared. For the preparation of the substrates, aqueous suspensions of pulp fines, a side product from the paper production, have been mixed with Ag nanoparticles (AgNP) suspensions. The nanoparticle synthesis thereof was carried out via laser ablation of pure Ag in water. After the sheet formation process, the leaching of the AgNPs was determined to be low while the sheets exhibited antimicrobial activity towards E. Coli.
Neuroimmune Semaphorin 4A in Cancer Angiogenesis and Inflammation
Authors: Iyer Apoorva , Chapoval Svetlana P.
Published: November 2018

Neuroimmune semaphorin 4A (Sema4A), a member of semaphorin family of transmembrane and secreted proteins, is an important regulator of neuronal and immune functions. In the nervous system, Sema4A primarily regulates the functional activity of neurons serving as an axon guidance molecule. In the immune system, Sema4A regulates immune cell activation and function granting a fine tuning of immune response. Recent studies have shown a dysregulation of Sema4A expression in several types of cancer such as hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal and breast cancers. Cancers have been associated with abnormal angiogenesis. The function of Sema4A in angiogenesis and cancer is not defined. Recent studies have demonstrated Sema4A expression and function in endothelial cells. However, the results of these studies are controversial as they report either pro – or anti-angiogenic Sema4A effects depending on the experimental settings. In this mini-review, we discuss these findings as well as our data on Sema4A regulation of inflammation and angiogenesis, which both are important pathologic processes underlining tumorigenesis and tumor metastasis. Understanding the role of Sema4A in those processes may guide the development of improved therapeutic treatments for cancer.
Attenuated Kinetic and Kinematic Properties During Slow Versus Traditional Velocity Resistance Exercise
Authors: Dietz Patricia , Fry Andrew , Herda Trent , Cabarkapa Dimitrije , Lane Michael , Andre Matthew
Published: November 2018

Purposely slow velocity resistance exercise (i.e., 10 s concentric and eccentric phases) is a popular training method, but limits the loads that can be lifted (e.g., <50% 1 RM). This study compared the biomechanical properties of purposely slow velocity (SLOW) and traditional resistance exercise (TRAD) that uses maximal lifting velocities. Healthy resistance-trained men (n=5) performed two testing sessions (barbell squat and bench press) in random-order; a SLOW session (1 set x 10 repetitions at 28% 1 RM, 10 s concentric & eccentric), and a TRAD session (3 x 10 at 70% 1 RM, controlled eccentric and maximal concentric). A force plate and linear position transducer were used to collect kinetic and kinematic data for every repetition of both protocols (α = 0.05). For both exercises, both concentric and eccentric mean force (N) and power (W) for each repetition was greater for TRAD. When the entire training session (squat + bench press) was examined, SLOW exhibited greater time under tension, while TRAD produced greater work (J) and impulse (N·s). Contrary to suggestions in both the lay and scientific literature, purposely slow resistance exercise produced less force, power, and work than traditional velocity resistance exercise.
$(q,\sigma,\tau)$-Differential Graded Algebras
Authors: Abramov Viktor , Liivapuu Olga , Makhlouf Abdenacer
Published: November 2018

We propose a notion of $(q,\sigma,\tau)$-differential graded algebra, which generalizes the notions of $(\sigma,\tau)$-differential graded algebra and $q$-differential graded algebra. We construct two examples of $(q,\sigma,\tau)$-differential graded algebra, where the first one is constructed by means of generalized Clifford algebra with two generators (reduced quantum plane), where we use a $(\sigma,\tau)$-twisted graded $q$-commutator. In order to construct the second example, we introduce a notion of $(\sigma,\tau)$-pre-cosimplicial algebra.
Anonymous Multi-Receiver Public Key Encryption
Based on Lucas Sequences
Authors: El Fadil L houssain , MOUMEN Abdelkader , BOUYE Mohamed
Published: November 2018

Multi-receiver encryption enables a sender to encrypt a message and transmit the ciphertext to a set of authorized users, while no one out this group of authorized users can decrypt the message. Multi-receiver encryption is of great importance in many sectors such as broadcast

communication, cloud computing, wireless communications, networking applications, e-voting, lottery, and medical applications. This paper proposes an efficient multi-receiver public key

encryption scheme based on Lucas sequences. The results of the computational analysis show that, projected scheme is better against renown attacks and prevailing anonymous multireceiver algorithms
The Rational Drug Use of Dentists in a University Hospital
Authors: Terzi Özlem , Yılmaz Fikret
Published: November 2018

Objective: To evaluate the status of receiving education on rational drug use, the criteria in medical drug selection, and level of knowledge of dentists working in a dentistry faculty in Turkey. Material and Methods: This was a descriptive study based on a questionnaire. One hundred seventeen (74%) dentists volunteered to participate in the study. The questionnaire consisted of 20 questions investigating sociodemographic features and rational drug use. Results: The mean age of the dentists was 30.8 ± 7.2 years, and 62.4% were men. The mean period of professional experience was 8.9±7.1 years. The most frequently used resources of references while prescribing medicine were Vademecum (medical drug guide) (61.5%), the internet (59.0%), and colleagues (49.6%). The most frequently reported condition described as ‘good’ was drug indications (43.6%). The dentists had a moderate level of information about posology, and administration route (48.7%), pharmacologic features (48.7%), and contraindications (46.2%). The number of dentists who stated that they considered cost while prescribing was low [always (6%), and frequently (15.4%)]. Rational drug use education had been received by 23.9% of the dentists. Conclusions: The dentists were found to have a lack of adequate and effective education on rational use of drugs. Regular and continuous education before and after graduation is a necessity for dentists and for their patients.
Comparing Approaches for Evaluating Digital Interventions at the Shop Floor
Authors: Lacueva-Pérez Francisco José , Hannola Lea , Nierhoff Jan , Damalas Stelios , Chatterjee Soumyajit , Herrmann Thomas , Schafler Marlene
Published: November 2018

The introduction of innovative digital tools for supporting manufacturing processes has far-reaching effects on an organizational and an individual level due to the development of Industry 4.0. The FACTS4WORKERS project funded by H2020, i.e. Worker-Centric Workplaces in Smart Factories, aims to develop user-centered assistance systems in order to demonstrate their impact and applicability at the shop floor. To do so it is important to understand how to develop such tools and how to assess if advantages can be derived from the created ICT system. This study introduces the technology of a workplace solution that is linked to a specific industrial challenge. Subsequently, a 2-stepped approach to evaluate the presented system is discussed. Heuristics, which are an output of project “Heuristics for Industry 4.0”, are used to test if the developed solution covers critical aspects of socio-technical system design. Insights into the design, development and holistic evaluation of digital tools at the shop floor should be shown.
Exploring Traffic Congestion on Urban Expressways Considering Drivers' Unreasonable Behavior at Merge/Diverge Sections
Authors: Long Kejun , Lin Qin , Gu Jian , Wu Wei
Published: November 2018

Mechanism of traffic congestion generation is more than complicated, due to complex geometric road design and complicated driving behavior at urban expressway in China. We employ Cell transmission model (CTM) to simulate traffic flow spatiotemporal evolution process along the expressway, and reveal the characteristics of traffic congestion occurrence and propagation. Here we apply the variable-length-cell CTM to adapt the complicated road geometry and configuration, and propose the merge section CTM considering drivers' mandatory lane-changing and other unreasonable behavior at on-ramp merge section, and propose the diverge section CTM considering queue length end extending expressway mainline to generate dynamic bottleneck at diverge section. In the new improved CTM model, we introduce merge ratio and diverge ratio to describe the effect of driver behavior at merge and diverge section. We conduct simulation on the real urban expressway in China, results show that merge section and diverge section are the original location of expressway traffic congestion generation, on/off-ramp traffic flow has great effect on expressway mainline operation. When on-ramp traffic volume increases by 40%, merge section delay increases by 35%. And when off-ramp capacity increases by 100 veh/hr, diverge section delay decreases about by 10%, which proves the strong interaction between expressway and adjacent road networks . Our results provide the underlying insights of traffic congestion mechanism in urban expressway in China, which can be used to better understand and manage this issue.
Mixed-Phase (2H and 1T) MoS2 Catalyst for a Highly Efficient and Stable Si Photocathode
Authors: Joe Jemee , Bae Changdeuck , Kim Eunsoo , Ho Thi Anh , Yang Heejun , Park Jong Hyeok , Shin Hyunjung
Published: November 2018

We describe the direct formation of mixed-phase (1T and 2H) MoS2 layers on Si as a photocathode via atomic layer deposition (ALD) for application in the photoelectrochemical (PEC) reduction of water to hydrogen. Without typical series-metal interfaces between Si and MoS2, our p-Si/SiOx/MoS2 photocathode showed efficient and stable operation in hydrogen evolution reactions (HERs). The resulting performance could be explained by spatially genuine device architectures in three dimensions (that is, laterally homo and vertically heterojunction structures). The ALD-grown MoS2 overlayer with the mixed-phase 1T and 2H homojunction passivates light absorber and surface states and functions as a monolithic structure for effective charge transport within MoS2. It is also beneficial in the operation of p-i-n heterojunctions with inhomogeneous barrier heights due to the presence of mixed-phase cocatalysts. The effective barrier heights reached up to 0.8 eV with optimized MoS2 thicknesses, leading to a 670 mV photovoltage enhancement without employing buried Si p-n junctions. The fast-transient behaviors via light illumination show that the mixed-phase layered chalcogenides can serve as efficient cocatalysts by depinning the Fermi levels at the interfaces. A long-term operation of ~ 70 h was also demonstrated in a 0.5 M H2SO4 solution.
Aerodynamic Parameters Identification and Adaptive LADRC Attitude Control of Quad-Rotor Model
Authors: Yang Sen , Xi Leiping , Hao Jiaxing , Zhao Yuefei , Yang Ye , Wang Wenjie
Published: November 2018

In accordance with problems such as difficulty in obtaining aerodynamic parameters of a quad-rotor model, the change of model parameters with external interference affects the control performances, an aerodynamic parameter estimation method and an adaptive attitude control method based on LADRC are designed. Firstly, the motion model, dynamics model and control distribution model of quad-rotor are established by using the aerodynamic and Newtonian Euler equations. Secondly, the identification tool CIFER is used to identify the aerodynamic parameters with large uncertainties in frequency domain and a more accurate attitude model of the quad-rotor is obtained. Then an adaptive attitude decoupling controller based on LADRC is designed to solve the problem of poor anti-interference ability of the quad-rotor, so that the control parameter b0 can be automatically adjusted to identify the change of the moment of inertia in real time. Finally, a semi-physical simulation platform is used for simulation verification. The results show that the adaptive LADRC attitude controller designed can effectively estimate and compensate the system's internal and external disturbances, and the tracking speed of the controller is faster and the precision is higher which can effectively improve system's anti-interference and robustness.
Synthesis of Novel Biologically Active Thiazole Dyes and Their Applications
Authors: Abu-Melha Sarra
Published: November 2018

This work is aiming to motivation on the prospect of evolving new thiazole dyes with respectable application properties, expected pharmacological activities. Curcumin Coupling with diverse diazonium salts of 2-amino thiazole derivatives as 2-aminobenzothiazole, 2- amino-5-phenylthiazole, 2 amino-5-methylthiazole and 2 amino-5-nitrothiazole to produce novel azo dyes. All synthesised dyes were completely confirmed their structures via elemental and spectroscopic techniques. The synthesised thiazole derivatives were examined for their “antimicrobial, anticancer and antioxidant” activities. All of the synthesized dyes were applied on synthetic fabrics as polyester and successively their dyeing properties, “light, washing, perspiration, rubbing and sublimation” fastness were evaluated. Prepared dyestuffs are suitable for dyeing polyester fabrics. It was initiate that all of prepared dyes own extraordinary colour hue, along with respectable fastness properties. Also the synthesised thiazole derivatives display moral pharmacology activity.
Predictive and Prognostic Value of Hepatic Steatosis in Conversion Therapy for Colorectal Liver-Limited Metastases
Authors: Jian Mi , Chang Wenju , Ren Li , Liu Tianyu , Chen Yijiao , Wei Ye , Lin Qi , Xu Jianmin , Qin Xinyu
Published: November 2018

This study is aimed to assess the role of hepatic steatosis (HS) on outcome of conversion therapy for patients with initially unresectable synchronous colorectal liver-limited metastases (CLLMs). We identified 346 patients with initially unresectable CLLMs received conversion therapy under the guidance of multidisciplinary team (MDT) in Zhongshan hospital (2013 to 2016). HS status of all patients was evaluated before the first circle of conversion therapy. The objective response rate (ORR), hepatectomy rate, predictor of conversion hepatectomy, and overall survival (OS) were compared using propensity-score matching (PSM). Predictive value of HS in conversion hepatectomy was validated with a separate cohort of 60 patients initially unresectable CLLMs who received conversion therapy (2017 to 2018). Before conversion therapy start, 108 (31.2%) patients were detected with HS status. In study set after PSM, compared with non-HS group, HS group supplied improved ORR (36.7% vs 23.9%, P = 0.020), hepatectomy rate from MDT (27.7% vs. 16.9%, P < 0.001) following conversion therapy. Multivariate analysis confirmed that HS (OR, 5.234; 95%CI, 2.398–11.423, P < 0.001), targeted therapy and transarterial chemoembolization treatment were independent predictors of hepatectomy rate. In the validation cohort, patients with HS had an improved conversion hepatectomy rate (43.7% vs. 15.9%, P = 0.038) following conversion therapy. Hepatic steatosis status could be a predictor of conversion hepatectomy in patients with synchronous colorectal liver-limited metastases. This effect appears to be independent of use of targeted therapy.
Morbi-Mortality of the Victims of Internal Conflict and Poor Population in The Risaralda Province, Colombia
Authors: Renteria-Ramos Rafael , Hurtado-Heredia Rafael , Urdinola B Piedad
Published: November 2018

Health differences across socioeconomic strata have always pointed out that poorer and minorities have higher mortality and morbidity than richer and majorities. This difference is exacerbated for particular populations such as the victims of ongoing armed conflicts, who are also much harder to quantify due to the conflict itself. This study applies network analysis to a combination of three large administrative records for the health system and mortality records in the province of Risaralda (Colombia) between 2011 and 2016. It produces the most common causes of morbi-mortality for both victims of violence and the poorest inhabitants of Risaralda, defined as those who qualify as recipients of subsidies from the Colombian welfare program called SISBEN in the categories of highest need. Both populations show high morbidity frequencies for non-communicable diseases such as Type II diabetes, hypertension, and hyperglyceridaemia, mostly associated with exposure to unhealthy lifestyles. Additionally, the mortality outcomes reflect the different lifestyles and medical treatments of both subpopulations. While the poorest replicate the same causes identified for morbidity, the victims of armed conflict die of additional causes including Type II diabetes, which reflects the even worse conditions they face.
Greenness Indices from a Low-Cost UAV Imagery as Tools for Monitoring after-Fire Forest Recovery
Authors: Larrinaga Asier R. , Brotóns Lluís
Published: November 2018

During recent years UAVs have been increasingly used in agriculture and forestry research and application. Nevertheless, most of this work has been devoted to improving accuracy and explanatory power, often at the cost of usability and affordability. We tested a low-cost UAV and a simple workflow to apply four different greenness indices to the monitoring of pine (Pinus sylvestris and P. nigra) after-fire regeneration in a Mediterranean forest. We selected two sites and masured all pines within a pre-selected plot. Winter flights were carried out at each of the sites, at two flight altitudes (50 and 100 m). Automatically normalizing images entered an SfM based photogrammetric software for restitution and the obtained point cloud and orthomosaic processed to get a canopy height model and four different greenness indices. Sum of pine DBH was regressed on summary statistics of greenness indices and canopy height model. ExGI and GCC indices outperformed VARI and GRVI in estimating pine DBH, while canopy height model slightly improved the models. Flight altitude did not severely affect model performance. Our results show that low cost UAVs may improve forest monitoring after disturbance, even in those habitats and situations were resource limitation is an issue.
Use of Steel and Polyolefin Fibres in the La Canda Tunnels: Applying MIVES for Assessing Sustainability Evaluation
Authors: Alberti Marcos G. , Gálvez Jaime C. , Enfedaque Alejandro , Carmona Ana , Valverde Cristina , Pardo Gabriel
Published: November 2018

Construction involves the use of significant quantities of raw materials and entails high-energy consumption. For the sake of choosing the most appropriate solution that considers environmental and sustainable concepts, tools such as the integrated value model for sustainable assessment (Modelo Integrado de Valor para una Evaluación Sostenible, MIVES) used in Spain, plays a key role in obtaining the best solution. MIVES is a multi-criteria decision-making method based on the value function concept and the seminars delivered by experts. Such tools, in order to show how they may work, require application to case studies. In this paper, two concrete slabs manufactured with differing reinforcement during the construction of the La Canda Tunnels are compared by means of MIVES. The two concrete slabs were reinforced with a conventional steel-mesh and with polyolefin fibres. The results showed that from the point of view of sustainability, the use of polyolefin fibres provided a significant advantage mainly due to the lower maintenance required.
Effect of SLM Process Parameters on the Quality of Al Alloy Parts; Part II: Microstructure and Mechanical Properties
Authors: Maamoun Ahmed H. , Xue Yi F. , Elbestawi Mohamed A. , Veldhuis Stephen C.
Published: November 2018

Additive manufacturing (AM) provides customization of the microstructure and mechanical properties of components. Selective laser melting (SLM) is the commonly used technique for processing high strength Aluminum alloys. Selection of SLM process parameters could control the microstructure of fabricated parts and their mechanical properties. However, process parameter limits and defects inside the as-built parts present obstacles to customized part production. This study is the second part of a comprehensive work that investigates the influence of SLM process parameters on the quality of as-built Al6061 and AlSi10Mg parts. The microstructure of both materials was characterized for different parts processed over a wide range of SLM process parameters. The optimized SLM parameters were investigated to eliminate the internal microstructure defects. Mechanical properties of the parts were illustrated by regression models generated with design of experiment (DOE) analysis. The results reported in this study were compared to previous studies, illustrating how the process parameters and powder characteristics could affect the quality of produced parts.
Improvement of Electrical Performance in P-Channel LTPS Thin-Film Transistor with a-Si:H Surface Passivation
Authors: Jang Kyungsoo , Phong Pham Duy , Lee Yoonjung , Park Joonghyun , Yi Junsin
Published: November 2018

We report the effects of surface passivation by depositing a hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) layer on the electrical characteristics of low temperature polycrystalline silicon thin film transistors (LTPS TFTs). The a-Si:H layer was optimized by hydrogen dilution and its structural and electrical characteristics were investigated. The a-Si:H layer in the transition region between a-Si:H and µc-Si:H resulted in superior device characteristics. Using an a-Si:H passivation layer, the field-effect mobility of the LTPS TFT was increased by 78.4% compared with a conventional LTPS TFT. Moreover, the leakage current measured at a VGS of 5 V was suppressed because the defect sites at the poly-Si grain boundaries were well passivated. Our passivation layer, which allows thorough control of the crystallinity and passivation-quality, should be considered a candidate for high performance LTPS TFTs.
Inclusion of Public Health in the Pharm Curriculum in the United Kingdom: Content Analysis
Authors: Agomo Chijioke , Portlock Jane , Ogunleye James
Published: November 2018

1) Public health remains a tiny portion of the undergraduate pharmacy curriculum and the material is integrated into other modules. The objective of this study is to describe the UK undergraduate pharmacy curriculum, including its public health content; 2) Methods: A qualitative method (content analysis of websites) was used to describe the UK undergraduate pharmacy curriculum and teaching and learning policy. This involved selecting relevant concepts and then quantifying their presence and the relationships between them. The NVivo software was used to carry out ‘group queries’ and visualisation of results; 3) Results: Public health remains an optional module in the curricula of many UK schools of pharmacy. Several public health-related topics are often integrated into other modules, but UK undergraduate pharmacy curricula are still dominated by traditional pharmacy modules; and 4) Conclusions: Most of the curricula analysed were dominated by traditional pharmacy modules designed to enhance students' knowledge and skills. The skill set of UK pharmacy students with respect to macro-level public health activities needs to be improved in order to enhance pharmacists’ contribution to public health.
Blood-brain barrier, lymphatic clearance and recovery: Ariadne’s thread in labyrinths of hypothesis
Authors: Semyachkina-Glushkovskaya Oxana , Postnov Dmitry , Kurths Jürgen
Published: November 2018

The peripheral lymphatic system plays a crucial role in the recovery mechanisms after many pathological changes, such as infection, trauma, vascular, or metabolic diseases. The lymphatic clearance of different tissues from waste products, viruses, bacteria and toxic proteins significantly contributes to the correspondent recovery processes. However, understanding of the meningeal lymphatics functions is a challenging problem. The exploration of mechanisms of lymphatic communication with brain fluids as well as the role of the lymphatic system in the brain drainage, clearance and recovery are still in its infancy.

Here we review novel concepts on the anatomy and physiology of the lymphatics in the brain, which warrant a substantial revision of our knowledge about the role of lymphatics in the rehabilitation of the brain functions after neural pathologies. We discuss a new vision on how to recruit the meningeal lymphatics by the opening of blood-brain barrier as a trigger mechanism of activation of the meningeal lymphatic drainage. This leads to innovative strategies in neurorehabilitation therapy.
Digital and Computational Aspects of Human and AI Ethical Frameworks
Authors: Zenil Hector
Published: November 2018

I explore previous attempts, including recent ones, to introduce aspects of digital information and computation into the discussion of ethical frameworks. I study some limitations and advantages of previous attempts to produce guiding principles at different scales. In particular, I survey and discuss questions and approaches based on, or related to, simulation, information theory, integrated information, computer simulation, intractability, algorithmic complexity, and measures of computational organisation and sophistication. I discuss and propose a set of desirable features of ethical frameworks that may be considered well-grounded, both in theoretical and methodological terms. I will show that while global ethi- cal frameworks that are uncomputable are desirable because they provide non-teleological directions with open-ended meaning, constrained versions should be able to provide guidelines at more local and immediate time scales. In connection to the ethics of artificial intelligence, one point that must be underscored in relation to computational approaches is that (General) AI should only share and embrace an ethical framework that we humans are willing to adopt, preempting the need for possibly flawed distinctions between human and machine actions, especially in connection to concerns of a much more fundamental nature than the classical issues raised by AI development such as job displacement and legal liability. I think that such framework is possible by following a general and universal (in the sense of computation) framework from first computational principles.
The Significant Role of Different Magnesium: Carbonate Minerals Induced by Moderate Halophile Staphylococcus epidermis Y2
Authors: Han Zuozhen , Yu Wenwen , Zhao Yanhong , Tucker Maurice E. , Yan Huaxiao
Published: November 2018

Carbonate precipitation induced by microorganism has become a hot spot in the field of carbonate sedimentology, while the effect of different magnesium on biominerals has rarely been studied. Therefore, magnesium sulfate and magnesium chloride were used to investigate the significant role played on carbonate minerals. In this study, Staphylococcus epidermidis Y2 was isolated and identified by 16S rDNA homology comparison. The ammonia, pH, carbonic anhydrase, carbonate and bicarbonate ions were investigated. The mineral phase, morphology and elemental composition were analyzed by XRD and SEM-EDS. The ultrathin slices of bacteria were analyzed by HRTEM-SAED and STEM. The result showed that this bacterium could release ammonia and carbonic anhydrase to increase pH, and elevate the supersaturation via a large number of carbonate and bicarbonate ions released through carbon dioxide hydration catalyzed by carbonic anhydrase. The crystal cell density of monohydrocalcite was lower in magnesium chloride medium than that in magnesium sulfate medium. The crystal grew in a mode of spiral staircas in magnesium sulfate medium, while in a concentric circular pattern in magnesium chloride medium. There was no obvious intracellular biomineralization. This study may be helpful to further understand the biomineralization mechanism, may also provide some references for the reconstruction of paleogeological environment.
Surplus Sharing with Coherent Utility Functions
Authors: Coculescu Delia , Delbaen Freddy
Published: November 2018

We use the theory of coherent measures to look at the problem of surplus sharing in an insurance business. The surplus share of an insured is calculated by the surplus premium in the contract. The theory of coherent risk measures and the resulting capital allocation gives a way to divide the surplus between the insured and the capital providers, i.e. the shareholders.
Resolution of Intergeneric Relationships within the Early-Diverging Angiosperm Family Nymphaeaceae Based on Chloroplast Phylogenomics
Authors: He Dingxuan , Gichira Andrew W. , Li Zhizhong , Nzei John M. , Guo Youhao , Wang Qingfeng , Chen Jinming
Published: November 2018

The order Nymphaeales, consisting of three families with a record of eight genera, has gained significant interest from botanists probably due to its position as a basal-angiosperm. The phylogenetic relationships within the order have well been studied and resolved; however, a few controversial nodes still remain in the Nymphaeaceae including the position of the genus Nuphar. The position of the genus Nuphar and the monophyly of the Nymphaeaceae family remain uncertain. This study adds to the increasing number of completely sequenced plastid genomes of the Nymphaeales and applies large chloroplast gene data set in reconstructing the intergeneric relationships within the Nymphaeaceae. Five complete chloroplast genomes were newly generated, including a first one for the monotypic genus Euryale. Using a set of 66 protein coding genes from the chloroplast genomes of 17 taxa, the phylogenetic position of Nuphar was determined and a monophyletic Nymphaeaceae family was obtained with a convincing statistical support from both partitioned and unpartitioned data schemes. Although genomic comparative analyses revealed a high degree of synteny among the chloroplast genomes of the ancient angiosperms, key minor variations were evident particularly in the contraction/expansion of the Inverted Repeat regions and in RNA editing events. Genome structure, gene content and arrangement were highly conserved among the chloroplast genomes.
Reporters Opinion on Managements of Telugu Newspapers: A Survey Analysis in Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Babu J. Madhu , Manjunath J.
Published: November 2018

This study examines the working conditions and occupational stress of Journalists in Telugu news dailies in Andhra Pradesh. The quantitative survey method was adopted for the study. The population consists of 800 rural journalists of Telugu dailies in Andhra Pradesh.  The sample size was chosen to be 100 journalists. The entire questionnaires that were randomly distributed to the 100 selected journalists were duly filled and retrieved. The research results showed that, demographic profile of journalists, Qualification in Journalism, working position in the present organization. Majority of journalists feel professional stress and they have no appointment orders. They were said their work was temporarily basis. Finally concluded that the working condition of Journalists is very low and occupational stress is very high. The attitude of managements did not interest to pay salaries to Journalists.
Mais um obstáculo ao SUS: o caso dos planos de saúde populares
Authors: Mariano Cynara Monteiro , Pereira Fabricia Helena Linhares
Published: November 2018

Sendo o acesso igualitário e universal ao Sistema Público de Saúde um direito do cidadão e dever do Estado no Brasil, assim estabelecido no plano constitucional, não seria preciso dizer que a atuação estatal deve ser protagonista na prestação de serviços públicos de saúde, cabendo à iniciativa privada uma participação complementar. Em recente proposta violadora desses ditames constitucionais, o Ministério da Saúde encaminhou para estudos, análise e regulamentação à Agência Nacional de Saúde Suplementar (ANS) três propostas de novas modalidades de planos privados de saúde - os chamados “planos de saúde populares” ou “planos de saúde acessível”, nos quais a cobertura de atendimentos e os preços pagos são sensivelmente reduzidos. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo, por meio de uma metodologia analítica, qualitativa e exploratória, pretende examinar as referidas propostas de planos de saúde com preços acessíveis, concluindo-se que apresentando esses planos de saúde à população como uma alternativa ao SUS, o Estado busca uma transferência de uma obrigação estatal sua, considerada fundante do projeto constituinte brasileiro de um Estado de Bem Social, que determinou ao Estado o dever de prestador de serviços públicos e não mero regulador do mercado.
The possibilities of consensual resolution of judicial conflicts with the Public Administration
Authors: Perlingeiro Gabriel
Published: November 2018

This text endeavors to define the theoretical limits of the capacities of the public administrative authorities to reach consensual solutions to disputes within the framework of judicial review. It is motivated by the lack of a clear understanding in Brazilian law of the border area between the legal relations of public and private law involving the public authorities, and the expressions “inalienable right” (or “inalienable interest”) and “public interest” as shown by the inexplicable asymmetry between what the public administrative authorities can do within a judicial proceeding and outside one. Based on a comparative study of common law versus civil law legal systems and an examination of the treatment of the subject in Brazilian statutes, case law and legal studies, this article reviews the relationship between the public interest and inalienability, demonstrating, in conclusion, that the possibility of the administrative authorities to enter into settlements or follow similar practices should not be rejected a priori, even in cases of public law. According to the author, there are three possible scenarios in which public administrative authorities may resort to consensual dispute resolution in the context of the judicial review: in private-law relationships, in public-law relationships with respect to the exercise of administrative actions prescribed by law and public-law relationships with respect to the exercise of discretionary powers.
Direitos fundamentais penais: entre o legislador e o tribunal constitucional
Authors: Nobre Junior Edilson Pereira
Published: November 2018

O presente escrito discorre sobre a importância das inovações que o Estado de Direito trouxe para o direito criminal, sendo de destaque a confiança atribuída ao legislador representativo para dispor, objetiva e taxativamente, sobre as relações jurídicas que envolvem tal ramo jurídico. Diante disso, procura-se analisar os limites do tribunal constitucional no que concernente ao exame da legislação penal, de maneira a evitar que excessos deste possam comprometer a segurança jurídica que assegura a legalidade, garantido, assim, os direitos fundamentais do cidadão.