bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UPAYA PENINGKATAN KUALITAS TANAH DI DESA SUKAMANAH DAN DESA NANGGERANG KECAMATAN CIGALONTANG KABUPATEN TASIKMALAYA JAWA BARAT MELALUI SOSIALISASI PUPUK HAYATI, PUPUK ORGANIK DAN OLAH TANAH KONSERVASI
Authors: Herdiyantoro Dian
Published: February 2021

Pemakaian pupuk anorganik dalam jumlah berlebihan dan pengolahan tanah secara intensif dapat merusakkualitas tanah. Alternatif yang dapat digunakan untuk mengurangi dampak penggunaan pupuk anorganik danpengolahan tanah intensif adalah dengan pupuk hayati dan pupuk organik serta olah tanah konservasi. Tujuandari kegiatan KKNM-PPMD Integratif dengan judul Upaya Peningkatan Kualitas Tanah di Desa Sukamanahdan Desa Nanggerang Kecamatan Cigalontang Kabupaten Tasikmalaya Jawa Barat Melalui SosialisasiPupuk Hayati, Pupuk Organik dan Olah Tanah Konservasi adalah meningkatkan pengetahuanmasyarakat tentang manfaat penggunaan pupuk hayati dan pupuk organik serta pentingnya penerapan olahtanah konservasi untuk menjaga kelestarian tanah. Kegiatan KKNM-PPMD Integratif dilaksanakan daritanggal 7 Januari 2014 sampai dengan tanggal 6 Februari 2014. Pengenalan pupuk hayati, pupuk organik danolah tanah konservasi dilakukan melalui pertemuan dan diskusi dengan masyarakat Desa Sukamanah dan DesaNanggerang serta demonstrasi plot pembuatan kompos dari jerami padi. Peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakatdianalisis berdasarkan hasil ujian sebelum mengikuti kegiatan pre test dan setelah mengikuti kegiatan posttest. Data dianalisis menggunakan Uji t Dua Sampel Berpasangan (Paired Sample t Test) pada taraf 5%. Hasilkegiatan menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat secara nyata khususnyapetani di Desa Sukamanah tentang pupuk hayati, pupuk organik dan olah tanah konservasi.
PENDAMPINGAN HUKUM UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN MASYARAKAT DALAM PEMBUATAN PERJANJIAN UNTUK MENUNJANG KEGIATAN USAHA DI DESA GEMPOL DAN RANCADAKA KECAMATAN PUSAKANAGARA KABUPATEN SUBANG
Authors: Zamil Yusuf Saiful
Published: February 2021

Berdasarkan hasil survey ke lapangan, sebagian besar mata pencaharian masyarakat Desa Gempol danRancadaka Kecamatan Pusakanagara Kabupaten Subang adalah sebagai petani sawah dan petanipenghasil buah-buahan terutama buah mangga. Desa Rancadaka bahkan sebagai salah satu desa penghasilpadi terbesar di Kabupaten Subang, sedangkan desa Gempol merupakan desa dengan penghasil buahmangga terbesar di Kabupaten Subang. Oleh karena potensi pertanian yang cukup besar tersebut harusditopang dengan keahlian masyarakat dalam membuat perjanjian tertulis agar lebih menjamin kepastianhukum usaha masyarakat yang tujuan akhirnya dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat.Pendampingan Hukum Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Masyarakat Dalam Pembuatan PerjanjianUntuk Menunjang Kegiatan Usaha Di Desa Gempol Dan Rancadaka Kecamatan Pusakanagara KabupatenSubang dilakukan pada Hari Kamis Tanggal 03 Juli 2014 di Sekolah Dasar Negeri Desa Gempol. Pendampinganhukum dihadiri oleh sekitar 50 (lima puluh) orang, pendampingan hukum ini sangat penting dilakukanuntuk memberikan keterampilan kepada masyarakat bagaimana caranya membuat perjanjian tertulis.Pada saat dilakukan pendampingan hukum, hampir sebagian besar masyarakat Desa Gempol danRancadaka, Kecamatan Pusakanagara, Kabupaten Subang tidak menggunakan perjanjian tertulis dalammelakukan transaksi jual beli, sewa menyewa dan transaksi-transaksi lainnya. Setelah dilakukan pendampinganhukum masyarakat menjadi sadar akan pentinganya menggunakan perjanjian tertulis untukmemberikan kepastian hukum terhadap aktivitas usahanya. Setelah dilakukan pendampingan hukummasyarakat Desa Gempol dan Rancadaka Kecamatan Pusakanagara, Kabupaten Subang menjadi terampildan sekurang-kurangnya mempunyai gambaran bagaimana membuat perjanjian tertulis, karena dalampendampingan hukum diberikan pelatihan langsung bagaimana praktek dan tahapan dalam pembuatanperjanjian tertulis mulai dari kepala perjanjian, para pihak dalam perjanjian, maksud dan tujuan dibuatnyaperjanjian, sampai kepada pasal-pasal yang harus ada dalam perjanjian dan penutup dari suatu perjanjian.
PEMBUATAN BERGER FEED UNTUK PAKAN SAPI PEDAGING, PEMANFAATAN KOTORAN UNTUK BIO GAS DAN PUPUK ORGANIK DI DESA SUKAMULYA DAN DESA KUDANGWANGI, KECAMATAN UJUNG JAYA, KABUPATEN SUMEDANG
Authors: Setiyatwan Hendi
Published: February 2021

Kecamatan Ujung Jaya merupakan salah satu kecamatan yang terletak di sebelah utara Kabupaten Sumedang.Desa Sukamulya dan Desa Kudangwangi merupakan desa berbasis pertanian. Iklim di kedua wilayah tersebutadalah iklim tropis dengan curah hujan rata-rata 2.550 mm per tahun, suhu udara berkisar antara 18-33o C dengankelembaban 50-70%. Wilayah tersebut merupakan salah satu wilayah yang potensial untuk pengembanganternak sapi pedaging. Ketersediaan hijauan pakan ternak dan limbah pertanian cukup potensial untuk dijadikanpakan sapi pedaging. Berdasarkan hal demikian perlu dilakukan penyuluhan mengenai pembuatan bergerfeed untuk pakan sapi pedaging, pemanfaatan kotoran untuk biogas dan pupuk organik di Desa Sukamulya danDesa Kudangwangi Kecamatan Ujungjaya Kabupaten Sumedang. Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat telahdilaksanakan selama empat bulan mulai bulan Januari sampai dengan April 2014. Serangkaian program telahdilaksanakan mulai dari pengenalan bahan pakan lokal, pembuatan berger feed, membuat bio gas, dan pembuatanpupuk organik. Penyuluhan dilakukan di Desa Sukamulya dan Desa Kudangwangi. Hasil kegiatan disimpulkanbahwa secara umum masyarakat Desa Sukamulya dan Desa Kudangwangi lebih antusias dalam mengikutiprogram penyuluhan dengan metode pendampingan langsung di lokasi, hal demikian tercermin dari aktifitaspeserta yang lebih responsip dan terarah.
LITERASI MEDIA BAGI GURU PAUD DI KECAMATAN CICALENGKA
Authors: Saepudin Encang , Agustini Damayani Ninis , Sukaesih -
Published: February 2021

ABSTRAKPengabdian Kepada Masyarakat 2016 ini berjudul Pelatihan Literasi Informasi  Media Pembelajaran Bagi Guru PAUD di Kecamatan Tanjungsari. Kegiatan Pelatihan literasi  media ini  bertujuan untuk menambah wawasan dan memberikan pengetahuan terbaru tentang pemanfaatan media sebagai sumber belajar bagi para guru dan siswa,   terutama bagi guru yang harus membuat sebuah kegiatan pengajaran kepada siswanya. Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat dilaksanakan bekerja sama  dengan Pihak UPTD Dinas Pendidikan Kecamatan Cicalengka Kabupaten Bandung. Pelaksanaan Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat yaitu pada  tanggal 1 September 2016. Materi utama yang disampaikan dalam pelatihan ini yakni  literasi media dan langkah-langkah membangun literasi media.  Metode yang digunakan adalah ceramah, diskusi, dan  simulasi. Hasil yang dicapai menujukan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan dari seluruh peserta.Hal ini terlihat dari hasil pretest dan posttest yang dilaksanakan.Jumlah peserta mencapai target, dengan animo peserta cukup tinggi menghasilkan diskusi mengalir dan simulasi dilaksanakan dengan sangat antusias. Dari hasil refleksi kegiatan, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa peserta memahami dan mampu membuat rancangan pembelajaran berbasis literasi media.  ABSTRACT This 2016 Community Services is entitled Learning Media Information Literacy Training for Teachers of PAUD in District Cicalengka. Media literacy training activities aim to broaden and provide the latest knowledge about the use of media as a source of learning for teachers and students, especially for teachers who have to make teachingactivities for their students. The community service activities were carried out in collaboration with the UPTD (Department of Education of Subdistrict) Bandung District of Cicalengka. The Community Services Activity was conducted on 1 September 2016. The main materials presented were the media literacy training and steps to build media literacy. The methods used were lectures, discussions, and simulation. The result showed an increase in knowledge and skills of all participants. This was shown from the results of pretest and posttest conducted. The number of participants achieving the target, with the participants' high interest had generated discussion flowed, and simulations were carried out with great enthusiasm. From the results of  activities reflection, it was concluded that participants understood and were able to create media literacy based learning design.
SARCASM: MOCK POLITENESS IN THE BIG BANG THEORY
Authors: Harared Nico , Nurani Siti
Published: February 2021

Sarcasm has become an uncommon way to treat other’s faces in communication. However, the study of sarcasm has not yet been investigated thoroughly in the case of such daily illocutionary acts of the conversations. One of the sarcasm phenomena is mostly seen in the comedy situation of The Big Bang Theory. This research aims at analyzing mock politeness or sarcasm in the utterances of each character. The analysis focuses on describing the use of mock politeness in pragmatics context. The data was obtained from informal speech acts’ situations. The research carries out the descriptive qualitative method. The data was analyzed by using politeness strategy in examining the functions of mock politeness. The results show that sarcasm caused by the violation of pragmatic aspects in The Big Bang Theory releases in several types of utterances, they are: declarative, representative, and expressive. The function of sarcasm in this comedy situation mostly to create humors which are divided into several functions such as humor as a means of social critics, humor to satirize, and humor to mock.
THE NARRATOR’S MOTIVES CONCERNING JULIANA’S LETTERS IN HENRY JAMES’S THE ASPERN PAPERS
Authors: Ahmad Ahmad
Published: February 2021

This study questions how the narrative voice of Henry James’s The Aspern Papers shapes the reader's understanding of the narrator’s motives concerning Juliana’s letters received from Jeffrey Aspern. This is qualitative analytical research in which ‘unreliable narrator’ theory was used to analyze and discuss the data from primary and secondary resources. This paper also links Booth’s idea to Schneider’s critics about unreliable narrator theory. Although The Aspern Papers’ narrator is unreliable due to his unpredictable and unstable actions, the researcher argues that The Aspern Papers’ narrator who also becomes the main character of the story wants to possess Juliana’s letters for his benefits. Should he get the letters, he would be able to “sell” Aspern’s life to the public, and thus he could get financial profit or personal profit for his career as a journalist, a writer, or a publisher.
ІНФОРМАЦІЙНА ТЕХНОЛОГІЯ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ ІТ-ПІДПРИЄМСТВ
Authors: Grinenko Sergiy
Published: February 2021

Актуальність теми дослідження. Оскільки головним завданням діяльності будь-якого ІТ-підприємства є розробка та впровадження інформаційних систем та технологій, то всі процеси, які пов’язані з реалізацією цього завдання, повинні також використовувати принципи сталого розвитку.
Постановка проблеми. На сьогодні залишається невирішеним питання сталого розвитку ІТ-підприємств, його складових, принципів та основних складових сталого розвитку. Аналіз останніх досліджень і публікацій. Були розглянуті останні наукові публікації з предметної області за останні 11 років у відкритому доступі. Виділення недосліджених частин загальної проблеми. Незважаючи на те, що нині існує певна кількість досліджень, що присвячені сталому розвитку, немає робіт, в яких було б розкрито представлення сталого розвитку ІТ- підприємства, враховуючи специфіку цього домену.
Постановка завдання. Метою цього дослідження є розробка інформаційної технології для представлення та забезпечення сталого розвитку ІТ-підприємства, що включає характеристику цього домену, а також формування складових інформаційної технології сталого розвитку відповідно до предметної області та наведено основні рекомендації щодо реалізації сталого розвитку в контексті ІТ-підприємств. Виклад основного матеріалу. У статті розглянуто питання сталого розвитку ІТ-підприємств, що включає в себе дослідження еволюції поняття сталого розвитку, подано авторське розуміння терміну «сталий розвиток ІТ-підприємств», наведено характеристики, принципи та основні складові сталого розвитку. Визначено інструменти забезпечення та реалізації сталого розвитку в контексті ІТ-підприємств. Висновки відповідно до статті. До головних результатів дослідження предметної області можна віднести авторське розуміння терміна «сталого розвитку ІТ-підприємств», та визначення інструментів забезпечення та реалізації сталого розвитку в контексті ІТ-підприємств відповідно до запропонованої інформаційної технології.
Concepção em casais heterossexuais sorodiscordantes para o Vírus da imunodeficiência humana: scoping review
Authors: Cecato Yasmin Araujo , De Oliveira Laura Leismann , Vieira Letícia Becker
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Identificar os cuidados relacionados ao processo de concepção e planejamento reprodutivo dos casais heterossexuais sorodiscordantes para o vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV). Métodos: Para a realização do estudo foram elencados os seis passos metodológicos da scoping review: (1) identificação da questão de pesquisa, (2) identificação de estudos relevantes (busca de estudos relevantes), (3) seleção dos estudos, (4) extração de dados, (5) separação, sumarização e relatório de resultados e (6) divulgação dos resultados. Resultados: Foi realizada uma sumarização de acordo com a natureza dos métodos, os quais foram classificados em: método de adesão às terapias antirretrovirais (TARV) com carga viral suprimida e Profilaxia Pré-exposição (PrEP) para o parceiro soronegativo, métodos naturais, métodos não naturais, habilidades dos profissionais para aconselhamento seguro de concepção para pessoas que vivem com o HIV (PVHIV). Considerações finais: Existe um alto investimento em pesquisas e aprimoramento nos últimos anos em relação a atenção a saúde das PVHIV e suas parcerias sorodiscordantes, porém, tardam a chegar a esse público, pois uma das maiores barreiras para implementação dos métodos seguros de concepção são as dificuldades dos profissionais para esses aconselhamentos.
C2 quad-screws facilitate 4-rod fixation across the cervico-thoracic junction
Authors: Cady-McCrea Clarke I. , Galgano Michael A.
Published: February 2021

Background:

Cervical spine deformity is a potentially devitalizing problem. Contemporary techniques for repair and reconstruction include fusion using rods of tapered diameter alone, or quadruple-rod constructs in which primary rods are joined to floating accessory rods by connectors. Here, we present how we utilized a quadruple-rod construct to perform five C2 to thoracic spine fusions.

Methods:

Our hospital electronic medical record revealed five patients who underwent the four rod C2-thoracic spine fixation. Patients ranged in age from 14-years-old to 78-years-old. The mean operative time was 715.8 min (range 549–987 min), and average estimated blood loss was 878 cc (range 40–1800 cc).

Results:

None of the five patients sustained any intraoperative complications, and none demonstrated progressive kyphotic deformity over the average follow-up interval of 8 months.

Conclusion:

We successfully treated five patients with degenerative or oncologic cervical pathology requiring fixation across the cervicothoracic junction utilizing a 4-rod C2-cervicothoracic fusion technique.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL BAHAN AJAR SEJARAH BERBASIS PERJUANGAN MASYARAKAT TENGARAN SELAMA REVOLUSI FISIK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN NASIONALISME
Authors: Anggoro Dimas , Wasino Wasino , Sariyatun Sariyatun
Published: February 2021

Bahan ajar sejarah lokal yang berhasil dikembangkan adalah sebuah modul berjudul “Sejarah Perjuangan Masyarakat Tengaran selama Revolusi Fisik 1947-1949”. Desain pengembangan modul menggunakan model ADDIE yang meliputi lima langkah : analisis kebutuhan, desain produk, pengembangan, implementasi, dan evaluasi. Pakar pembelajaran dari Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta dan guru mata pelajaran sejarah Indonesia dari SMA Negeri 1 Tengaran memberi nilai terhadap modul pada aspek media sebesar 51 atau 92,72% (sangat baik) dan aspek materi sebesar 46,5 atau 93% (sangat baik). Modul diujicobakan kepada 35 siswa terbukti dapat dibelajarkan sebagai materi sejarah Indonesia pada pembahasan tentang Revolusi Nasional Indonesia. Uji efektifitas modul terhadap peningkatan nasionalisme menggunakan desain penelitian kuasi eksperimen melalui uji pretest dan posttest pada dua kelompok berbeda (kelompok eksperimental dan kontrol). Hasil uji beda (independent sample t test) menunjukan adanya perbedaan efek penggunaan bahan ajar terhadap peningkatan nasionalisme siswa mencapai 25,17% dengan nilai probabilitas = 0,00 lebih kecil daripada alpha = 0,05. Modul terbukti memberi pengaruh lebih besar terhadap peningkatan nasionalisme siswa dibanding bahan ajar konvensional (handout) dengan skor rerata posttest nasionalisme kelas eksperimen sebesar 85,53 (sangat baik) sedangkan kelas kontrol 77,00 (baik).

Kata Kunci: Bahan Ajar, Modul, Sejarah Lokal, Nasionalisme Siswa
Accelerated Computation of Free Energy Profile at Ab Initio Quantum Mechanical/Molecular Mechanics Accuracy via a Semiempirical Reference-Potential. 4. Adaptive QM/MM
Authors: Wang Jia-Ning , Liu Wei , Li Pengfei , Mo Yan , Hu Wenxin , Zheng Jun , Pan Xiaoliang , Shao Yihan , Mei Ye
Published: February 2021

Although Quantum Mechanical/Molecular Mechanics (QM/MM) methods are now routinely applied to the studies of chemical reactions in condensed phases and enzymatic reactions, they may experience technical difficulties when the reactive region is varying over time. For instance, when the solvent molecules are directly participating in the reaction, the exchange of water molecules between the QM and MM regions may occur on a time scale comparable to the reaction time. To cope with this situation, several adaptive QM/MM schemes have been proposed. However, these methods either add significantly to the computational cost or introduce artificial restraints to the system. In this work, we developed a novel adaptive QM/MM scheme and applied it to a study of a nucleophilic addition reaction. In this scheme, the configuration sampling was performed with a small QM region (without solvent molecules), and the thermodynamic properties under another potential energy function with a larger QM region (with a certain number of solvent molecules and/or different levels of QM theory) are computed via extrapolation using the reference-potential method. Our simulation results show that this adaptive QM/MM scheme is numerically stable, at least for the case studied in this work. Furthermore, this method also offers an inexpensive way to examine the convergence of the QM/MM calculation with respect to the size of the QM region.
General, Divergent Platform for Diastereoselective Synthesis of trans-Cyclooctenes with High Reactivity and Favorable Physiochemical Properties
Authors: Pigga Jessica E. , Rosenberger Julia , Jemas Andrew , Boyd Samantha , Dmitrenko Olga , Xie Yixin , Fox Joseph
Published: February 2021

trans-Cyclooctenes (TCOs) are essential partners for the fastest known bioorthogonal reactions, but current synthetic methods are limited by poor diastereoselectivity. Especially hard to access are hydrophilic TCOs with favorable physicochemical properties for live cell or in vivo experiments. Described is a new class of TCOs, ‘a-TCOs’, that is prepared in high yield via stereocontrolled 1,2-additions of nucleophiles to trans-cyclooct-4-enone, which itself was prepared on large scale in two steps from 1,5-cyclooctadiene. Computational transition state models rationalize the diastereoselectivity of 1,2-additions to deliver a-TCO products, which were also shown to be more reactive than standard TCOs and less hydrophobic than even a trans-oxocene analog. Illustrating the favorable physicochemical properties of a-TCOs, a fluorescent TAMRA derivative in live HeLa cells was shown to be cell-permeable through intracellular Diels-Alder chemistry and to washout more rapidly than other TCOs.
Quasi-3D Modeling of Li-ion Batteries Based on Single 2D Image
Authors: Takagishi Yoichi , Yamaue Tatsuya , Yamanaka Takumi
Published: February 2021

In this work, we developed an advanced electrochemical physics-based simulation method for Li-ion batteries that enabled a quasi-3D simulation of charge/discharge using only a single 2D slice image. The governing equations are based on typical theories of electrochemical reactions and ion transport. From referencing the 2D plane, the model was able to simulate both the Li concentration in the active material and the Li-ion concentration in the electrolyte for their subsequent consideration in a virtual 3D structure. To confirm the validity of our proposed model, a full 3D discharge simulation with randomly packed active material particles was performed and compared with the results of the quasi-3D model and a simple-2D model. Results indicated that the quasi-3D model properly reproduced the sliced Li and Li-ion concentrations simulated by the full 3D model in the charge/discharge process, whereas the simple-2D simulation partially overestimated or underestimated these concentrations. Finally, we applied the model to an actual Scanning Electron Microscopy equipped with a Focused Ion Beam (FIB-SEM) image of a positive electrode.
Cramming the causative mechanism of glycogen synthase kinase-3β mediated by ischemic preconditioning against ovariectomy challenged rat heart
Authors: Vishal Kumar Vishwakarma  , Tarique Mahmood Ansari  , Prabhat Kumar Upadhyay  , Ritesh Kumar Srivastav  , Farogh Ahsan  , Arshiya Shamim
Published: February 2021

High risks of cardiovascular diseases in women are associated with low estrogen levels. Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) exhibits protection in the heart by Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) phosphorylation that inhibits the mPTP opening, and this protective action of IPC is attenuated by estrogen deficiency. An experiment was performed on female Wistar rats with/without ovariectomy (OVX). Isolated rat heart was attached with perfusion assembly. Infract size, coronary flow, LDH, CKMB and histopathology were estimated. Sham control group decreased the LDH, CKMB and infract size in normal rat heart. The IPC mediated protection of heart was attenuated in OVX rat heart. Inhibition of GSK-3β is found to enhance the threshold of mPTP opening during reperfusion. The treatment with atractyloside stuck significantly the protection of heart of IPC in normal and OVX rat heart. These observations show that downregulation of GSK-3β through an impaired opening of mPTP during reperfusion and GSK-3β might be potential adjuvant to IPC against cardiac injury in OVX challenged rats.
Pandemia 2020 y el poder del Estado. Daños, impactos y respuestas a zonas desprotegidas en escenarios devastadores
Authors: Canaza-Choque Franklin Américo
Published: February 2021

Dentro de un escenario de fuertes marcadores, este estudio pretende analizar de manera breve el poder del Estado en un espacio regido por los impactos deliberados de la pandemia COVID-19 y de la irrupción de modelos neoliberales en países de desarrollo intermedio en América Latina y el Caribe. En ese propósito, se realizó un rastreo teórico y de análisis documental en tres etapas nominativas: recolección de información y precisión de conceptos, análisis e interpretación del contenido y, por último, la introducción de nuevos elementos teórico-reflexivos. A partir de ahí, dos son la ideas finales. La primera, aterriza en que la pandemia no ha hecho más que amplificar el impacto de premeditados males público-globales, además de colapsar el sistema de salud y masificar la desintegración del bienestar general y los niveles de estabilidad del orden regional. En tanto que, la segunda refiere que ante un escenario debilitado por la aplicación de políticas neoliberales y del arrastre de anteriores fracturas estructurales, la pandemia ha visibilizado la alta precariedad del Estado y los límites de su poder. En conclusión, todo conduce a la fuerte necesidad de reparar, reactivar y reforzar las políticas sociales y los poderes públicos. Esto es, el retorno del Estado.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SOLID CONCRETE BLOCK MASONRY EMPLOYING DIFFERENT MORTAR RATIOS
Authors: Rizwan Muhammad
Published: February 2021

This research work aims to investigate experimentally the mechanical properties of solid concrete blocks as an individual unit and assembly (block masonry) employing different mortar mix ratios. The material properties of the concrete block unit, such as compressive strength and unit weight were explored by taking three samples from the four local factories. The block masonry assemblages were subjected to various load patterns for the evaluation of compressive strength, diagonal tensile strength and shear strength. For the bond, four types of mortars i.e., cement – sand (1:4), cement – sand (1:8), cement – sand – khaka (1:2:2) and cement – sand – khaka (1:4:4) were used in the joints of concrete block masonry assemblages. (Khaka is a by-product formed in the stone crushing process). For each type of mortar, three samples of block masonry were fabricated for compressive strength, shear strength and diagonal tensile strength, and tested in the laboratory. It is observed that the replacement of sand by khaka enhanced the mechanical properties of masonry.
Valores respiratorios obtenidos en sujetos normales
Authors: Villacis Eduardo , Moscoso Fernando , Teran Fernando
Published: February 2021

Los datos de la función pulmonar estudiadas en 32 sujetos normales residentes en la ciudad de Quito comprueban la existencia de hiperventilación alveolar; sin embargo la presencia alveolar de O2 y la saturación arterial de O2 estuvieron disminuídas como consecuencia del descenso de la presión de O2 en el aire inspirado. Esta hiperventilación ocasiona un mayor trabajo a los músculos de la respiración.
Sensibilización anafiláctica por tripsina y quimotripsina
Authors: Naranjo Enriqueta , Naranjo Plutarco
Published: February 2021

La asociación de tripsina y quimiotripsina es ampliamente utilizada en el tratamiento anti-flamatorio, en diversos procesos patológicos.  Como estas substancias son de naturaleza proteica existe la posibilidad de que actúen alergénicamente y, en efecto, se han descrito accidentes alérgicos inducidos por la administración de estas enzimas.

El presente trabajo estuvo destinado a investigar si las enzimas utilizadas terapéuticamente son capaces de producir anafilaxis en el cobayo y si su suspensión en aceite facilitaba la sensibilización anafiláctica.

Se ensayaron diversas combinaciones de dosis preparantes y desencadenantes, tanto de soluciones acuosas como oleosas y se encontró que la dosis sensibilizante mínima fue de 5 mg/kg., por vía subcutánea. Con esa dosis preparante se encontró que a mayor dosis desencadenante por vía intravenosa, mayor fue la proporción de cobayos que sufrieron shock mortal, obteniéndose este efecto en el 100% con la dosis desencadenante de 20mg/kg.

Cuando se utilizaron soluciones oleosas, para desencadenar la reacción, se halló que parte del efecto letal se debía al propio aceite, por lo que en las siguientes experiencias se utilizaron soluciones oleosas como preparante y acuosas como desencadenantes. En tales circunstancia se halló que para producir el shock mortal en el 50% de cobayos se necesitaba una dosis preparante inferior o, inversamente si la dosis preparante era de 5mg/kg., se necesitaba una dosis menor desencadenante.

Se concluye que la asociación tripsina-quimotripsina heterológica, en dosis apropiadas son capaces de producir la anafilaxis en el cobayo y que a su suspensión en aceite potencializará el efecto anafilactizante.
GASTO PUBLICO Y EL EFECTO FLYPAPER EN LOS GOBIERNOS LOCALES DE LA REGION DE PUNO
Authors: Vilca Mamani Andrés , Calancho Mamani Ernesto , García Castro Erika Beatriz
Published: February 2021

El estudio analizó el gasto público local y el efecto flypaper en los gobiernos locales de la región de Puno-2018, las transferencias intergubernamentales pueden causar dos efectos el efecto flypaper y la pereza fiscal, el efecto flypaper es considerado cuando las transferencias intergubernamentales pueden causar una expansión del gasto público local mayor que ante un aumento equivalente en los ingresos propios de la municipalidad. Para determinar la existencia del efecto flypaper se estimó el modelo de gasto local en función a variables fiscales. Los resultados demuestran la existencia del efecto flypaper en los municipios de la región de Puno, el flypaper por la suma total de transferencias que recibe las municipalidades es de 0.74%, según el rubro canon el flypaper es 0.25% y del foncomun es 0.33%. Esto indica que ante un incremento en las transferencias del canon y foncomun el gasto local aumenta en 0.34% y 0.41% respectivamente, pero ante la misma proporción de incremento de los ingresos tributarios el gasto local aumenta tan solo en 0.09%, estos resultados demuestran que la expansión del gasto local es mayor ante las transferencias y esto comprobaría que los municipios prefieren proveer viene públicos con transferencias que con los ingresos tributarios.
Peningkatan Keaktifan Dan Hasil Belajar Siswa Pada Tema 4 Subtema 4 Melalui Aplikasi Zoom Meet Dengan Media Power Point Pada Kelas Ii SD Negeri Jenang 10 Tahun Pelajaran 2020 / 2021
Authors: Rahmawati Dwi Indrawan
Published: February 2021

Penelitian berjudul Peningkatan Keaktifan dan Hasil Belajar Siswa Pada Tema  4 Subtema 4 Melalui Aplikasi Zoom Meet Dengan Media Power Point Pada Kelas II SD Negeri Jenang 10 Tahun Pelajaran 2020 / 2021 .Dengan subyek penelitian berjumlah 15 anak terdiri dari 7 laki laki dan 8 perempuan.Penelitian ini dilakukan karena prestasi belajar siswa rendah pada kondisi prasiklus dengan nilai rata rata 50 %.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dua siklus ,tiap tiap siklus menggunakan menggunakan model pembelajaran Saintific.Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui angket,tes,dan observasi .Indikator keberhasilan dalam penelitian ini jika 85 % dari siswa tuntas belajar serta menunjukan keaktifan.Hasil penelitian menunjukan peningkatan aktifitas dan hasil belajar siswa dari siklus 1 dan siklus II yaitu pada siklus I mencapai skor 60 % masuk pada kategori baik meningkat menjadi  85 % masuk pada kategori  sangat baik pada siklus II.Hasil belajar siswa juga mengalami peningkatan.Hasil prestasi belajar siswa juga mengalami peningkatan.Hasil prestasi belajar siswa pada siklus I mencapai rata-rata 60 % dan meningkat pada siklus II menjadi 85.Dari hasil penelitian ketuntasan belajar mengalami peningkatan pada siklus I (10 %) dan pada siklus II ( 100%),terjadi peningkatan ketuntasan belajar sebesar(25%).Penerapan model pembelajaran Saintific dapat meningkatkan aktifitas dan prestasi belajar siswa.
Principles of Calculation of Track Access Charges in Rail Freight Transport in Poland
Authors: Przybylowicz - Ruszala Klaudia
Published: February 2021

Non-discriminatory rules for access to the railway infrastructure as well as transparent pricing system are the essential factors of ensuring that the freight transport in Poland is competitive enough. Infrastructure managers pass some categories of their costs (e.g. for maintaining of railway infrastructure) on railway undertakings in the form of access charges verified andaccepted by the Polish regulatory body. In general, approximately one – third of their costs shall be paid by railway undertakings. Given that access charges are treated as one of the most important factors for both railway undertakings and railway infrastructure man-agers. The aim of this article is to review the main principles of calculation of track access charges in rail freight transport in Poland. The article refers to the judgment of the Court of Justice, which stated that Poland failed to properly implement the direct cost principle in the meaning of directive 2001/14/EC. The direct costs principle expressed in article 7(3) of the Directive means that only the direct costs incurred as a result of operating the train services can be taken into account by the rail infrastructure managerwhen setting infrastructure access charges.
SULP (Sustainable Urban Logistics Plan) as a Tool for Shaping Sustainable Urban Logistics: a Review of European Projects Supporting the Creation of SULP
Authors: Matusiewicz Maria
Published: February 2021

Few European cities have logistics plans. However, many European projects involve cities to create such plans and share the results with others. This article reviews the most important projects regarding the creation of Sustainable Urban Logistics Plans (SULP) as the fundamental element of all logistics plans. Having a sustainable logistics plan is necessary to achieve the ambitious goals set in the White Paper on Transport – zero-emission logistics in cities by 2050.
Sztuka starości. Dwa późne wiersze Pära Lagerkvista w kontekście liryku ***I’ sto rinchiuso come la midolla… Michała Anioła Buonarrotiego
Authors: Szewczyk-Haake Katarzyna
Published: February 2021

The subject of this article is an analysis of two poems by Pär Lagerkvist from his late book Aftonland (1953) in a context which has not been considered in previous research, i.e. a poem I’ sto rinchiuso come la midolla… by Michelangelo Buonarroti. In his poems about old age and the aging artist, Lagerkvist is close to some of the crucial poetic images drawn by Michelangelo – an artist whom the Swede highly esteemed. Additionally, a Polish translation of the two poems (Gammal genius. Vid färdens sista rast…) is proposed.
From Tabermann to Mr. Baudelaire. Allusions and popular culture references in the Finnish comic Northern Overexposure and their English translations
Authors: Santoo Laura
Published: February 2021

Comics, as other written works, contains allusions that serve many functions and might be difficult to translate due to cultural differences. The aim of this article is to analyse the selected allusions and popular culture references in the Finnish comic Northern Overexposure and compare the Finnish source text with the English target text. In addition, the function of these allusions as well as the relevant cultural background are covered. The examples were analysed with Ritva Leppihalme’s (1997) strategies for translating allusions. The article also provides insight into the Finnish field of comics and the translation process of the selected comic.
Działalność Poselstwa RP w Oslo w latach 1946–1947
Authors: Denkiewicz-Szczepaniak Emilia
Published: February 2021

The activity of the Polish Legation in Oslo in the years 1946–1947 is one of the most important and, at the same time, one of the most difficult periods in the history of Polish-Norwegian relations. The introduction explains the reasons for such a late sending of a Polish representative, Mieczysław Rogalski, to Norway. Section I presents the biography of Rogalski as well as the experience he gained while working for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The next section describes the negative attitude that the Polish diplomat had during his contacts with the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Utenriksdepartementet), especially in relation to further repatriation of Poles, which was started in autumn 1945 by the liaison officers of the Polish government in exile. Section III presents the diplomatic successes Rogalski had in his relations with Norwegian politicians and also indicates how good his orientation in Norway’s foreign policy was. Finally, the last section contains a description of Legation problems regarding mutual exchange of decorations and orders between Poland and Norway, including in particular political activities connected with the organization of celebrations commemorating the victory at Narvik.
Predictors of in-hospital mortality in critically ill Geriatric patients
Authors:   Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Published: February 2021

Objective: To determine the predictors of in-hospital mortality in critically ill older patients. Participants and Methods: A prospective cohort study including 305 critically ill older adults (age ≥60 years) who were admitted to High Dependency Units (HDUs) in a tertiary care university hospital from March 22, 2019 to January 4, 2020. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data of participants were collected thought a review of medical records and clinical observation at HDUs till either death or discharge alive. Statistical analysis included univariate analysis of selected potential predictors such as various comorbidities, C- reactive protein / Albumin ratio (CAR), Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), Red cell distribution width (RDW), Po2/Fio2 ratio (PFR), Simplified acute physiology score II (SAPS II), Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) and multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial (MDR-GNB) infection to ascertain their association with mortality, followed by multivariable logistic regression to derive the final prediction model. The discriminative ability of the model was evaluated by using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. RESULTS: Overall mortality was 53.1%. Multivariate regression analysis revealed independent predictors of mortality including dementia in clinical history with an odds ratio (OR) of 4.86 (95% CI: 1.28-18.34), total protein with an OR of .53 (95% CI: .30-.95) and the use of mechanical ventilation (MV) and/or intravenous cardiovascular support with an OR of 148.34 (95% CI: 34.28-641.77), formulating a novel prognostic model with an area under the ROC curve of .93 (95% CI: .89-.96, P.000). CONCLUSION: History of dementia, total protein and the use of MV and/or intravenous cardiovascular support are predictors of mortality in critically ill geriatric patients. It provides a novel prognostic model which needs validation in other multicenter prospective studies.
Women With Regenerative Potential As Against Women With Destructive Potential (The Case Study Of Amma Darko’s “Faceless”)
Authors:   1Faculty Of Education, Knust, St. Louis College Of Education, Department Of Languages,   2Faculty of Education, KNUST.
Published: February 2021

The research looked at the woman with regenerative potentials and how reliable mentors they are to the benefit of society using Ama Darko’s Faceless. The purpose of the study was to use Ama Darko’s Faceless to showcase the position of the woman with regenerative potential irrespective education because though Education empowers women to have regenerative potentials other women who are uneducated also exhibit such traits in our societies. A qualitative approach was employed to look at views related to the African woman with regenerative potential and also adopted the traditional library research approach through the use of books, articles, journals and publications in as much as they contribute to the worth of the study. It was in-formed by the stiwanist theory. The main findings of the study indicate that the woes of irresponsible mothers who do not responsibly take care of the results of their pleasure with men are being disapproved. This disapproval is as a result of the pitiful portrayal of women with destructive potential as against positive up lifting portrayal of women with regenerative potential and making them reliable mentors of society. This change has come about as a result of women’s quest to assert themselves through education and contribute towards freeing their families from cultural and societal dogmas in which women were treated to subjugation and marginalization. A remarkable observation was the intentionality of ascribing to female characters more respectable roles in novels by various writers as the years go by. A conclusion drawn from the study is that education is still a major weapon of enhancing assertiveness in women but it is not the ultimate.
Como um saber elementar, a leitura, tornou-se uma competência complexa
Authors: Chartier Anne-Marie
Published: February 2021

Como o “saber ler” sempre foi considerado como uma competência (uma habilidade, um saber-fazer, conforme a época), a passagem de uma lógica escolar centrada nas disciplinas para uma abordagem por competências não deveria afetá-lo. Mas, ao invés disso, considerar a leitura como uma competência transversal tornou sua definição mais complexa e mais imprecisa: o saber ler ora é reduzido à decodificação, ora ampliado à compreensão de todos os gêneros de textos. De fato, o “saber ler” visado escolarmente não é independente das práticas sociais de leitura, que mudaram profundamente ao longo do tempo, como evidencia a história. Assim, a formação de professores responsáveis por essa aprendizagem teve que ser consequentemente redefinida. São essas três questões (as interferências entre conhecimentos e competências, a evolução da noção de “saber ler” e a evolução dos objetivos da formação de professores) que essa contribuição tenta esclarecer
(Sub)desenvolvimento e dependência: revisitando as interpretações de Celso Furtado e Fernando Henrique Cardoso
Authors: Costa Peres Samuel , De Azevedo Silva Laís Fernanda
Published: February 2021

Este trabalho revisita as obras de Furtado e Cardoso, apresentando os principais elementos de suas interpretações sobre o desenvolvimento econômico e a dependência, e seus pontos de convergência e divergência. Embora ambos ressaltem a importância do processo histórico para compreender o subdesenvolvimento e as possibilidades de desenvolvimento, para Furtado, este não é apenas uma questão de crescimento ou acumulação de capital, mas de mudanças estruturais em benefício da coletividade. Cardoso entende desenvolvimento como acumulação de capital, a qual não implica benefícios para a sociedade, ao contrário, tende a ser contraditória e geradora de desigualdades. A dependência, para ambos, caracteriza o modus operandi do capitalismo na periferia. Entretanto, para Furtado, o desenvolvimento torna-se muito difícil nos quadros de dependência e, para Cardoso, a dependência não exclui e não colide com a possibilidade de desenvolvimento.
integração nacional e fragmentação regional da indústria de transformação: Sudeste e Nordeste
Authors: WANDERLEY LÍVIO ANDRADE
Published: February 2021

O artigo faz uma análise do processo de (des)concentração industrial que ocorreu no Brasil, com enfoque nas transformações do Sudeste e Nordeste a partir dos anos 60 e 70 do século XX. Nesse período houve mudanças na localização de alguns setores da indústria de transformação, caracterizando-se por uma fase de integração nacional solidária e outra pela integração competitiva e fragmentada regionalmente. A teoria de (des)economias externas de aglomeração foi utilizada para embasar o entendimento da problemática da (des)concentração regional e da fragmentação. Fez-se um contraponto entre as regiões Sudeste e Nordeste como pano de fundo, visando argumentar os fundamentos que dão suporte para a integração solidária e a integração solitária nos períodos anterior e posterior a 1985, respectivamente.
Proteção ambiental e conflitos sociais: análise e identificação dos atores nas unidades de conservação.
Authors: CEZAR KILMA GONÇALVES , BARRETO CRISTIANE GOMES , NASCIMENTO ELIMAR PINHEIRO
Published: February 2021

O presente artigo visa analisar e identificar os atores envolvidos na gestão ambiental, especificamente, na elaboração dos planos de manejo de duas unidades de conservação situadas na região da Mata Atlântica do Rio de Janeiro. A primeira de uso sustentável, a Área de Proteção Ambiental (APP) da Região Serrana de Petrópolis; a segunda, de proteção integral, a Reserva Biológica do Tinguá. Será utilizada a ferramenta Stakeholder Analysis and Mapping – SAM, definida no âmbito do Programa das Nações Unidas para o Meio Ambiente – PNUMA (1995). Concluiu-se que, diante de uma arena complexa como a gestão ambiental, para minimizar conflitos existentes, é necessário identificar e reconhecer o conjunto de atores envolvidos, transformando as suas diferenças em estratégias de ação.
apicultura e a Tripla Perspectiva do Desenvolvimento: arranjos produtivos locais e áreas protegidas
Authors: NUNES MICHELLE CRISTIANE DE LIMA , NASCIMENTO LÍDICE , LUSTOSA IRA , COSTA MÁRCIO JORGE PORANGABA
Published: February 2021

Tanto a sustentabilidade como a inclusão social são pontos centrais das políticas de APLs. Nessa linha, a maioria dos APLs de apicultura possui esse viés. O intuito é a análise com- parativa de indicadores, com a aplicação da análise espacial com a utilização do índice de moran e modelos de ANOVA e ANCOVA para a confirmação (ou não) de quatro pontos prin- cipais questionados como: 1) a relação de proximidade entre produtores; 2) quais os estados que poderiam ter seus arranjos apícolas apoiados; 3) se as matas verdes possuem correlação significativa com a produção; e, 4) se a política de APL teve impacto na produção de 2010. Conclui-se pela efetividade do índice de moran, a possibilidade de mais estados serem apoiados, o impacto da política no aumento da produção de 2000 para 2010 e, a não correlação espacial da produção apícola e as matas verdes.
a composição financeira dos municípios alagoanos, com ênfase na lei de responsabilidade fiscal (1999/2010)
Authors: ARAÚJO ANDERSON HENRIQUE DOS SANTOS , GOMES FÁBIO GUEDES , SANTOS FILHO JOSÉ EMÍLIO DOS
Published: February 2021

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo estudar as finanças públicas e o comportamento econômico dos Municípios alagoanos entre os anos de 1999/2010, utilizando os indicadores fiscais. A Constituição de 1988 foi um marco na busca do federalismo fiscal descentralizado, visto que a partir desse momento, os Municípios passaram a receber os status de ente federado e tiveram ampliação das receitas e maiores mecanismos de arrecadação própria. Assim, os entes subnacionais, mais próximos aos anseios da população poderiam cumprir mais eficientemente o papel do Estado na produção de bens públicos e na solução das demandas da população. Todavia, nos anos posteriores a Constituição, as mudanças políticas nos País, sobretudo com a promulgação da Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal, conduziram a um novo processo de centralização fiscal no Brasil, com consequências para os 5565 Municípios brasileiros. Nesse cenário, a análise das finanças municipais em Alagoas, com o apoio de indicadores de elaboração própria e do Índice FIRJAN de gestão fiscal, confirmam seguintes pressupostos: a baixa arrecadação própria, alta dependência dos repasses federais, o esforço e cumprimento dos limites estabelecidos pela LRF para gasto com pessoal e os baixos níveis de investimento são características dos Municípios alagoanos. Assim, as conclusões principais indicam que o processo descentralizador da Constituição de 1988 foi minado por toda a década seguinte, penalizando os Municípios mais pobres.
ASSESSMENT OF ENTREPRENEURIAL OPPORTUNITIES OF MAMANWA TRIBE IN BASEY, SAMAR: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Sedanza Nestor C. , Piedad Myrna O. , Lerios Juliet C.
Published: February 2021

One of the priorities of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) 2030 is poverty eradication with emphasis on the marginalized and indigenous peoples (UNESCO). The migrant Mamanwas in Basey, Samar composed of 24 families rely on the subsistence economy which is hand-to-mouth existence. The theory of personal resourcefulness emphasizes in one’s own capability for initiating actions towards creation and growth of enterprise (Kulkarni, 2016). This qualitative study sought to examine the entrepreneurial initiatives of Mamanwas that helped them sustain their existence. It employed evaluative qualitative research method - single case study, the Mamanwa tribe. The data were collected through observations, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussion. The data were analyzed through two cycles of coding and categories and themes were developed. The findings revealed that Mamanwas’ sources of income were farming, gathering of rattan and abaca, grass cutting, mat weaving, handicrafts, and making of souvenir items. However, they needed technical assistance in the preparation of souvenir items and checking whether it pass quality standards, they also lack materials and tools and a strategy in marketing their products, they want training on food preparation and cooperative education. This study recommended for an extension project proposal on training and technology assistance for entrepreneurs.