bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Organoleptic profiles of bread produced using various natural flavours
Authors:   Obafemi Awolowo University, Akanbi OD , Folorunso AA
Published: June 2022

Bread is one of the world’s most common and widely consumed foods. It is an important and affordable food for the poor in developing countries like Nigeria. The nutritional values of bread can be greatly improved by the addition of natural flavours. However, there have not been many studies on flavouring breads with natural flavours. The objective of this study was to evaluate sensory and consumer acceptability of breads produced using natural flavours. Selected flavours were ginger, garlic, cinnamon, turmeric, and nutmeg. These natural flavours are revered for their potential health attributes. They are reported to have positive effects in the treatment of numerous diseases, especially chronic ones such as cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Nutrition and health are intricately linked, and this is a well-established fact. The ability of nutrition (in this case, nutrients from the selected natural flavours) to reduce the risk of diseases has engaged the attention of researchers and nutritionists alike in recent decades. In this study, five samples were produced using each of the selected flavours in the production of breads. Each of the five bread samples was produced using 5 % ginger, garlic, cinnamon, turmeric or nutmeg powder. Bread was baked using automatic commercial baking line according to American Association of Cereal Chemists. Production of the various bread samples was done under the same environmental conditions. Sensory analysis was done for various sensory attributes of the five bread samples by 50 consumer panelists comprising staff and students of Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. The panelists ranked the consumer acceptability of the various samples using a 9-point hedonic scale. The colour, taste, flavour, texture, and general acceptability were rated. Bread produced using 5 % ginger powder had the highest mean hedonic score for colour, taste, flavour, texture, and general acceptability, implying that sample A was the most preferred and would be the likely most acceptable by consumers. Key words: flavours, bread, sensory, acceptability, nutrition, health, food, organoleptic
Dante y el virgilianismo medieval
Authors: Ruiz de Vergara Olmos Ekaitz
Published: June 2022

La conceptualización de las relaciones entre Virgilio y Dante ha sido uno de los temas más investigados en los estudios de tradición clásica y de literatura comparada. La visión que se ha impuesto desde el siglo XIX es la de Domenico Comparetti, quien acuñó el concepto de “tradición clásica” y afirmó que Dante había “purificado” la imagen popular y legendaria de Virgilio. Pero a lo largo del siglo XX, también se han ensayado otras perspectivas críticas que se distancian del esquema propuesto por Comparetti. En este artículo, realizamos un análisis del virgilianismo medieval: las corrientes estéticas, filosóficas y teológicas que presentaron en la Edad Media ciertas imágenes de Virgilio. La Commedia de Dante puede explicarse como una síntesis de las corrientes principales del virgilianismo medieval. Dante considera a Virgilio un maestro, pero también un autor pagano, por lo que lo somete a un juicio crítico. La conclusión es que Dante fue capaz de unificar en su poema la visión profética de Virgilio de los autores eclesiásticos con la visión legendaria de la tradición popular, la cual representaba al poeta mantuano como una especie de mago o adivino.
Is Normal Birth Safe? Questions Raised by the Ockenden Report in the UK
Authors: Lothian Judith
Published: June 2022

In this column, the associate editor of The Journal of Perinatal Education raises the question “Is Normal Birth Safe through critical analysis of questions raised by the Ockenden Report in the UK. The associate editor also describes the contents of this issue, which offer a broad range of resources, research, and inspiration for childbirth educators in their efforts to promote, support, and protect natural, safe, and healthy birth.
Exploring Correlates of Social Reactions to Disclosure Among Latina Sexual Assault Survivors
Authors: O’Callaghan Erin , Ullman Sarah E.
Published: June 2022

Social reactions to sexual assault (SA) disclosure are well-documented in the literature, but less is known about disclosure and reactions received by Latina survivors. The current study analyzed correlates of positive and negative social reactions to sexual assault disclosure in a community sample of Latina survivors (n= 239). Compared to White survivors, Latina survivors were more likely to report turning against and acknowledgement without support reactions. Among Latina survivors, contrary to hypotheses, both “stereotypical” (e.g. more violent assaults) and “non-stereotypical” (e.g. pre-assault substance use) assault characteristics were associated with acknowledgement without support negative social reactions. Furthermore, total number of sources Latina survivors disclosed to were associated with turning against social reactions. Implications for future research on disclosure/social reactions and Latina survivors are discussed.
Essential Oils Activity of Legundi Leaf (Vitex trifolia L.) as A Repellent for Rice Weevil (Sitophilus oryzae)
Authors: Jayuska Afghani , Warsidah Warsidah , Asikin Nurul , Widiyantoro Ari , Aritonang Anthoni B.
Published: June 2022

Legundi (Vitex trifolia L.) is a plant that contains essential oils. Legundi leaf essential oil has the potential as a more environmentally friendly rice lice repellent. The process of extracting essential oils from Legundi leaves uses the steam-water distillation method. The yield obtained from distillation is 0.10% with a bright yellow color, has a distinctive smell of Legundi oil with a specific gravity of 0.9065 gram/cm3. GC-MS search results showed that Legundi leaf essential oil contains 5 main components, namely 2-β-Pinene (16.18 %), trans-caryophyllene (13.75 %), β-Ocimene (11.16 %), Cyclohexanol (10.03%), and Eucalyptol (5.45%). Testing of repellent activity was carried out on rice lice with variations in volatile oil concentrations of 1%, 5%, 10%, and 20%. The results of the repellent test showed that the highest percentage occurred at a concentration of 20% (P4), which was 56.7%, with an application time of 120 hours (L5). Based on this, it can be said that the greater the concentration of the essential oil used, the higher the percentage of rejection of the population, this also indicates that Legundi leaf essential oil has lice repellent activity (Sitophilus oryzae).
Neutron Mean Free Path in the Slab Reactor Core using One-Dimensional Multi-group Diffusion Equation
Authors: Nabila Putri , Shafii Mohammad Ali , Tongkukut Seni Herlina J.
Published: June 2022

Analysis of the neutron mean free path in the slab reactor core has been carried out using one-dimensional multi-group diffusion equation. This study aims to determine the neutron mean free path in the slab reactor core with the neutron diffusion coefficient calculation using macroscopic cross-section data in the nuclear fuel cell level and the neutron flux distribution. The type of reactor used in this research is a fast reactor with nuclear fuel is uranium-plutonium nitride (U-PuN). The neutron mean free path is calculated for 70 energy groups of neutron by dividing the energy groups, namely the fast energy group, the intermediate energy group and the thermal energy group. The results showed that the neutron mean free path value for U-235 and Pu-239 fuels were obtained almost the same in all energy groups, namely in the fast energy group ranging from 0.11.10-2 to 0.17.10-2 cm, in the intermediate energy group 0.16.10-2 to 1.78.10-2 cm, and in the thermal energy group 0.4.0-2 to 8.04.10-2 cm. The neutron mean free path value for U-238 fuel is much smaller than that for U-235 and Pu-239 fuel, ranging from 0.03.10-2 to 0.36.10-2 cm. These results can be confirmed, because U-238 fuel is a fertile material. Keywords: Neutron mean free path, diffusion equation, neutron flux, slab reactor core
Research Partnership Between Academic Institutions and Corporate sector
Authors: Hasabnis Gayatri
Published: June 2022

As the industry is growing and at the same time educational institutions and organisations or Universities are also emerging. So, the needs are inevitably coming into the picture. Needs of what? So, the answer is the needs of companies and the need for education. As per the report from World Economic Forum, the Educational needs and Corporate needs are bouncing in a cycle. As the educational needs provide the corporates fulfilments and corporate needs provide educational fulfilments. Since there are many reports and discussions talking about the needs of each of the sectors not only private or public but of corporate and educational. As there is Public-Private Partnership for some needs, some benefits and for some growth. Thus, it is also important for this century to understand and apply the needs and benefits coming out of educational and industrial needs. There is a significant contribution of many researchers, authors, writers, professors, corporate officers, faculty members, business developers and entrepreneurs to elaborate on the uses and implications of an educational and industrial partnership. The research on 'Academic and corporate sector research partnership' seeks the needs, benefits, relationships and roles. It includes the case studies and data analysis about the achievements, and methods which are used to emphasize the importance of partnerships between the educational institutions and the corporate sector. There are many national and international partnerships which have been seen in many corporate world and educational institutions. There are many different ways to generate revenue, investments, Startups, Technology, new innovations, Commercialization and business development. Research that can give you empirical evidence or connect with the gap between one or two things. Under these particular partnerships, there is always a big debate about whether academic research fulfils the need of corporates or whether corporate research can fulfil the requirements of academic institutions. There have many positive and negative opinions on both kinds of research. But ultimately both the research is needed to establish the partnerships for a new innovation or for a new idea of business that can be beneficial for both the academics and corporates. The research is based more on the findings that how new innovative ideas are welcomed to establish new partnerships among academics and corporates to create jobs, business and entrepreneurship in this global world.
Global Importance of Measurement and Verification in Energy Conservation
Authors: Vishwakarma Dr. Suresh , Ali SS
Published: June 2022

Measurement and Verification (M & V) is the rule of the game in Energy Conservation Projects where mode of the payment is “Pay as you save” and modus operandi is “Performance Contracting”. International Measurement and Verification Protocol (IPMVP) has four M & V protocols that are being practiced by Energy Servicing Companies (ESCO) in developed countries for evaluating the performance of any energy conservation project. This paper highlights the importance of M & V protocol.
Review of the Legal Nature of the Act of Puncture and the Possibility of Its Use during the Postmortem Investigation
Authors:   The Korean Academy of Scientific Criminal Investigation, Yun Shin-Kyu
Published: June 2022

In this study, the legal nature of the act of puncture that can be performed as part of the postmortem investigation method for the unnatural deceased and the possibility of its use were considered. The act of puncture is an invasive examination method that may cause damage to the body of the deceased, but the extent of damage is not large and the data about analysis of puncture can be useful to determine the exact cause of death or whether to proceed to the autopsy stage. However, as one of the methods of postmortem investigation, the act of puncture has the same characteristics as investigative verification, so if it is a forced investigation, a warrant must be issued before and after the act of puncture. If a certain medical professional performs the puncture, and if the detailed procedures and methods are determined and implemented in advance, it will contribute to the rapid and accurate determination of the cause of death in a legal basis. A postmortem examiner with medical expertise will be responsible for sample collection by puncture, and the postmortem examiner may directly conduct sample analysis at a certain analysis facility or request a separate forensic science analysis agency. On the other hand, although sampling and analysis by puncture will be very helpful in identifying the cause of death, it should be recognized that it is a complementary method of external autopsy of the corpse and is only used as useful judgment data related to autopsy, and is not a substitute for autopsy.
Redução de Danos em um CAPSad: Discursos e Práticas Profissionais
Authors: Reis Caroline Albertin , Ferrazza Daniele de Andrade
Published: June 2022

A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar os discursos e práticas de profissionais de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial álcool e outras drogas (CAPSad), com especial atenção às ações na perspectiva da Política de Redução de Danos. Foram realizadas observações participantes no dispositivo de saúde e entrevistas semiestruturadas com cinco profissionais da equipe. A partir da análise das entrevistas e do diário de campo, produzido por meio das observações realizadas naquele dispositivo de saúde, foram criadas cinco categorias temáticas. Conclui-se que as dificuldades da equipe em reconhecer as estratégias de Redução de Danos resultam de diversos impasses quanto ao planejamento e sua execução no âmbito do serviço analisado e que pode estar relacionado à formação dos profissionais de saúde na atualidade brasileira que, geralmente, parecem distantes e descontextualizadas das atuais problemáticas que envolvem o cuidado e acolhimento do usuário de álcool e outras drogas.
The Prediction of Diabetes
Authors: Massaro Alessandro , Magaletti Nicola , Cosoli Gabriele , Giardinelli Vito O.M. , Leogrande Angelo
Published: June 2022

The following article presents an analysis of the determinants of diabetes using a dataset containing the surveys of 2000 patients from the Frankfurt Hospital in Germany. The data were analyzed using the following models, namely: Tobit, Probit, Logit, Multinomial Logit, OLS, WLS with heteroskedasticity. The results show that the presence of diabetes is positively associated with "Pregnancies", "Glucose", "BMI", "Diabetes Pedigree Function", "Age" and negatively associated with "Blood Pressure". A cluster analysis is realized using the fuzzy c-Means algorithm optimized with the Elbow method and three clusters were found. Finally a confrontation among eight different machine learning algorithms is realized to select the best performing algorithm to predict the probability of patients to develop diabetes.
Formulation and Antioxidant Activity of Peel Off Gel Mask from Paederia Foetida Extract
Authors: Susanti Reny Eka Evi , Ayun Qurrata
Published: June 2022

The peel-Off gel mask is one of the unique characteristic forms of the mask that will form an elastic transparent film layer. It can be removed without rinsing after drying and leaving no residue. The manufacture of masks using natural material is better than synthetic materials as it can cause side effects and damage the natural shape of the skin. One of the natural materials that can be used as a natural ingredient mask is the Paederia Foetida leaf. Paederia Foetida leaf contains antioxidants beneficial as the antidote to free radicals. One of the antioxidants contained in the Paederia Foetida is a flavonoid compound. The research aimed to determine the best concentration of Paederia Foetida leaf extract in the formulation of pell off gel masks with high antioxidant activity. The research method consists of preparing the sample by macerating Paederia Foetida leaf powder using ethanol.  Making peel-off gel mask with variation in concentration from Paederia Foetida leaf extract of 0%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%. mask quality test include organoleptic test, pH, Homogeneity, stability, Drying, and dispersibility—antioxidant activity test by using DPPH with expressed as  IC50 concentration. The Result of the research is that Paederia Foetida leaf extract can be formulated into a peel-off gel mask stock. The formulation of a peel-off gel mask with a concentration of Paederia Foetida leaf extract of 20% was chosen because it meets the criteria of peel-off gel mask of Indonesian Nasional Standard  (It is homogeneous and stable, pH 6, spreadability 6,5 cm, and dry time 28 minutes with an IC50 of 167.74 which is a weak antioxidant).
Hezârfen Hüseyin Efendi ve Batılılarla Münasebetleri
Authors: TEKDEMİR Hatice Kübra
Published: June 2022

Hezârfen Hüseyin Efendi, 17. yy.’ın önemli bir siması olup Osmanlı Devleti’nde çeşitli görevler ifa etmiş ve çok farklı ilim sahalarında eserler vücuda getirmiş önemli bir şahsiyetttir. Hezârfen hakkında Türk dünyasında yazılmış klasik biyografik kaynaklar bize pek az veri sunmakta ve yalnızca bu kaynaklar referans alınarak müellife dair malumat aktaran modern akademik çalışmalarda ise pek çok husus karanlıkta bırakılmaktadır. Öte yandan, İstanbul’a gelen Avrupalı seyyah ve diplomatlarla samimi ilişkiler geliştiren Hezârfen Hüseyin Efendi ile ilgili bazı ayrıntılı verilere dönemin Batılı kaynakları vasıtasıyla ulaşabilmek mümkündür. Makalemizde bu kaynaklar incelenerek, Hezârfen Hüseyin Efendi’nin Batılılarla temaslarına değinilecek; bu yolla müellifin hayatı ve şahsiyetine dair ayrıntılı bilgiler ortaya konmaya çalışılacaktır.
Reoperation and Complication Rates Following Patellar Fracture Repair with Plates
Authors: Checketts Jake X. , Scott Jared , Fishbeck Keith , Hart Thomas , Pham William , Dadgar Azad , Calder Mark , Norris Brent L.
Published: June 2022

Background:

Recent work has suggested good clinical and functional results with dorsal surface plating of patellar fractures. The primary outcome measurement of this study was reoperation rates for patellar fractures that had been treated with dorsal plating.

Methods:

This work consists of a retrospective review of clinical and functional outcome data following repair of patellar fractures with dorsal plates. We obtained institutional review board approval for this study and conducted a review of 9 consecutive years of our group’s trauma practice. We also contacted patients to assess patient-reported outcomes (PROs) after 12 months.

Results:

Eighty-five patellar fractures were treated with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) via plating over 9 years. Eight (9.41%) of the patients required reoperation. Of the 72 patients with complete follow-up of ≥12 weeks, 3 (4.17%) had nonunion of the fracture site and 4 (5.56%) had loss of reduction of the fracture. The average Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score among our sample was 18.84 (slight symptoms); 72.41% of the patients in our sample had slight or no symptoms at ≥12 months postoperatively.

Conclusions:

Our results indicated that plating of comminuted patellar fractures is a safe, viable treatment strategy. The PROs at ≥12 months of follow-up data were promising. Additionally, dorsal plating may allow for early return of function and less postoperative bracing.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Análisis de evolución de exportaciones de palta peruana a Estados Unidos 2021
Authors:   , Ramos Quispe Liz Betzabe
Published: June 2022

Este presente proyecto tiene como objetivo evaluar el análisis de la evolución de las exportaciones peruanas y determinar la viabilidad de negocio en la exportación de la palta a Estados Unidos, creando de este modo nuevos objetivos estratégicos las cuales sean beneficiarias para la empresa. De igual manera sabemos que la palta peruana cada vez está en mayor crecimiento y son los productores quienes van a tener que requerir mejores estrategias de mercado para el comercio internacional, por eso vamos a plantear y analizar los objetivos para que la exportación de la palta peruana tenga mayor rentabilidad en Estados Unidos, así como obtener datos de como la evolución de la palta ha aumentado en los últimos 5 años y determinar una visión mucha más amplia del mercado meta. Para obtener todos estos datos se ha evaluado fuentes informativas viables y realizado de este modo estrategias de mercado mencionando los requerimientos que debemos seguir para una exportación acorde al mercado internacional. Como resultado final de esta investigación es poder evaluar de cuanto es el crecimiento del valor de las exportaciones de palta peruana y poder determinar la viabilidad que tiene aprovechando sus beneficios del producto y generar el desarrollo económico para el Perú.
Centro de reciclaje sostenible en el Parque industrial de muebles en Villa El Salvador - la ecología industrial como contribución al desarrollo sostenible
Authors:   , Pereyra Vela Angie Lucero
Published: June 2022

Las industrias han generado efectos importantes en el medio ambiente, la economía y la sociedad, cuando las industrias no tienen un adecuado sistema para los procesos industriales se generan repercusiones negativas. Durante años los Parques Industriales eran organizados y funcionaban sin un enfoque que contemple los impactos de los procesos que en ellos se realizan. Ello ha traído consecuencias negativas medioambientales, sociales y económicas por lo que los Parques Industriales deben ser replanteados desde un enfoque sostenible. Es por ello que en el año 1989 Frosh y Galloupoulos dan lugar a la Ecología Industrial, que constituye un enfoque que propone procesos cíclicos que buscan imitar los mecanismos de los ecosistemas como reemplazo a los procesos lineales tradicionales. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar como la ecología industrial garantiza el desarrollo sostenible en los Parque Industriales y como puede aplicarse al Parque Industrial de Muebles en el distrito de Villa el Salvador. En este contexto es donde se aplicó una investigación de tipo explicativa analítica, con estudios de casos y controles, el diseño es cuantitativo no experimental y la muestra es probabilística, en la cual la población la constituyó los miembros de “La Asociación de Industriales en la Transformación de la Madera del distrito de Villa el Salvador ASIMVES” (CITEmadera, 2018), donde se encuesto a los representantes de 10 talleres y a tres de sus colaboradores, conformando un total de 40 encuestados, en el mes de agosto del 2019.
Coexistencia de enfermedades crónicas y su asociación con fragilidad en personas de la tercera edad: rol de la Diabetes Mellitus 2, Hipertensión Arterial, Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica
Authors:   , Rosales Medina Jessica Michelle , Arevalo Capa Celith Yavina
Published: June 2022

Introducción: La fragilidad es uno de los síndromes más prevalentes en los adultos mayores. Este síndrome está caracterizado por una disfunción de los sistemas fisiológicos, predisponiendo a un elevado estado de vulnerabilidad frente a factores estresantes. Uno de los factores más relacionados a la fragilidad son las enfermedades crónicas. Objetivo: Determinar si el promedio de criterios de fragilidad es mayor ante la presencia de Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2, Hipertensión Arterial y Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica. Materiales y métodos: Es un análisis secundario de la base de datos del estudio “CEMENA Frailty Study”. La muestra del presente estudio fue de 1491 adultos mayores marinos retirados y sus familiares, quienes recibieron atención ambulatoria. Resultados: Se encontró un promedio de 2,05 (DE=1,12) en el número de criterios de fragilidad en pacientes con una cantidad menor o igual a dos comorbilidades y un promedio de 2,59 (DE=0,62) en los pacientes con tres comorbilidades. La media de criterios de fragilidad fue mayor en pacientes que tuvieron Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica, con un promedio de 2,11 (DE=1,07); así como en la combinación con otras enfermedades como la Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2, en donde el promedio fue 2,47 (DE=1,02). Conclusiones: A mayor nivel de fragilidad según los criterios del Fenotipo de Fried, el acúmulo de comorbilidades es mayor. Asimismo, la Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica al evaluarse tanto individualmente como en combinación con las demás enfermedades, se evidenció que presentaba el más alto nivel de fragilidad.
Estilos de liderazgo y productividad del área de operaciones del sector construcción en Lima Metropolitana, Perú, 2020
Authors:   , Oliva Flores Xiomara Yajaira
Published: June 2022

El propósito de la investigación es reconocer la relación entre los estilos de liderazgo y productividad en el área de operaciones del sector de la construcción en Lima Metropolitana, Perú, 2020. Para la investigación el sector construcción estará siendo representada por la empresa E.F. Contratistas S.A.C, dedicada al servicio general de construcción e inversión inmobiliaria, considerándose siete (7) proyectos ubicados en diversos distritos en Lima Metropolitana como Pueblo Libre, Cercado de Lima, San Isidro, La Victoria y Surquillo respectivamente. El estudio analizó dos (2) variables “estilos de liderazgo y productividad”. Aplicó un estudio de enfoque cuantitativo, diseño no experimental-transversal. La población estuvo conformada por 482 colaboradores, dividiéndose en 35 colaboradores con personal a cargo y 447 colaboradores operativos. Respecto a la muestra, la variable independiente tuvo una muestra censal (35 colaboradores), mientras que la variable independiente tuvo una muestra probabilística y aleatoria simple (334 colaboradores). El instrumento aplicado en los estilos de liderazgo fue un test (Kurt Leadership Test) compuesto por 33 preguntas y, el instrumento de la productividad fue un cuestionario de 12 preguntas. El Test de Liderazgo de Kurt tiene validez internacional y es un instrumento de uso actual en relación al liderazgo, mientras que el cuestionario fue validado mediante Juicio de Experto especializado, dos (2) profesores de nuestra universidad y uno (1) externo. Se usó el programa estadístico SPSS y se sometido una prueba alfa de Cronbach que alcanzó 0,757. Asimismo, el coeficiente de Spearman arrojó 0.935 y un p valor de 0.002; evidenciando una correlación positiva muy alta; así, el resultado estadístico permite aceptar la hipótesis de investigación (Hi) que propone una relación entre los estilos de liderazgo y la productividad en el área de operaciones del sector de la construcción en Lima Metropolitana, Perú, 2020.
Baseline severity and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (sVCAM-1) as biomarker predictors of short-term mortality in acute ischemic stroke
Authors: de Araújo Maria Carolina Martins , Alfieri Daniela Frizon , Lehmann Ana Lucia Cruz Fürstenberger , Flauzino Tamires , Trevisani Emmanuelle Roberto , Nagao Maisa Rocha , de Freitas Leonardo Bodner , Simão Andrea Name Colado , Reiche Edna Maria Vissoci
Published: June 2022

The aim was to investigate the association between plasma levels of cellular adhesion molecules (CAMs) and risk factors, subtypes, severity and short-term mortality of acute ischemic stroke (IS), and to identify a panel of biomarkers to predict short-term mortality after IS. The prospective study evaluated 132 IS patients within 24 h of their hospital admission. The baseline IS severity was assessed using the National Institutes Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and categorized as mild (NIHSS<5), moderate (NIHSS 5-14) and severe (NIHSS≥15). After three-month follow-up, the disability was assessed using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS); moreover, the patients were classified as survivors and non-survivors. Baseline inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and soluble CAMs were evaluated. Twenty-nine (21.9%) IS patients were non-survivors and showed higher NIHSS and soluble vascular cellular adhesion molecule 1 (sVCAM-1) than the survivors. The sVCAM-1 levels positively correlated with age, homocysteine, severity, and disability. The model #3 combining sVCAM-1 and NIHSS showed better results to predict short-term mortality with an area under the curve receiving operating characteristics (AUC/ROC) of 0.8841 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.795-0.941] than the models with sVCAM-1 and NIHSS alone, with positive predictive value of 68.0%, negative predictive value of 91.3%, and accuracy of 86.5%. In conclusion, the combined model with baseline severity of IS and sVCAM-1 levels can early predict the prognosis of IS patients who may benefit with therapeutic measures of personalized therapy that taken into account these biomarkers. Moreover, this result suggests that VCAM-1 might be a potential target for the therapeutic strategies in IS.
Operation or not? An In-hospital Mortality Risk Index in treating perforated peptic ulcer: A population-based study in Asia
Authors: Huang Yi-Kai , Wu Kun-Ta , Chen Chung-Yen , Chen Jian-Han
Published: June 2022

The major treatment for perforated peptic ulcers (PPU) is surgery, and several scoring systems have been reported to predict morbidity and mortality after surgery. However, it remains unclear which patient should receive nonoperative management instead of surgery. This study aimed to generate a scoring system for surgeons to identify patients with PPU who may be too weak to undergo surgery and without any survival benefit. We extracted the admission data of adult (≥ 18 years) patients with PPU disease from the NHIRD database. They were randomly divided into an 80% model derivation cohort and a 20% validation cohort. Multivariate analysis with a logistic regression model was applied to generate the scoring system, PPUMS. The scoring system was then applied to the validation group. The PPUMS score ranged from 0 to 8 points, composite with age (< 45: 0 points, 45–65: 1 point, 65–80: 2 points, > 80: 3 points), and five comorbidities (congestive heart failure, severe liver disease, renal disease, history of malignancy, and obesity: 1 point each). In the derivation group, patients with PPUMS > 4 had a 45.9% in-hospital mortality rate and similar in-hospital mortality risk in the operation group [traditional laparotomy: odds ratio (OR) = 0.729, p = 0.320, laparoscopy: OR = 0.772, p = 0.697] and the non-operation group. In the validation group, patients with PPUMS > 4 points had a 36.9% mortality rate and similar mortality risk in the operation group (traditional laparotomy: OR = 0.353, p = 0.093, laparoscopy: no applicable) and non-operation group. PPUMS is a good predictor of mortality risk in patients with PPU and with various underlying diseases or comorbidities. Surgical management is suggested for patients with PPU with PPUMS ≤ 4 points because of lower mortality risk. However, in patients with PPUMS > 4 points, surgery may have limited benefit due to the high mortality rate compared to nonoperative treatment.
An ancestral western diet causes transgenerational changes in offspring feeding behavior linked to alterations in brain mitochondrial proteome and microRNAs.
Authors: Murashov Alexander , Pak Elena , Mar Jordan , Fisher-Wellman Kelsey , Bhat Krishna
Published: June 2022

Parental lifestyle and eating habits are largely responsible for childhood obesity epidemic. Clustering of obesity in families suggests that cultural inheritance, genetics, and epigenetics work together to affect children's eating habits. In the current study, we explored whether epigenetic factors, such as ancestral diet, can influence offspring feeding behavior by using a fruit fly model. Here, we demonstrate that ancestral caloric overload alters offspring feeding behavior via transgenerational inheritance, along with changes in activity, triglyceride levels, and mitochondrial density in the brain. Mechanistically, we found that the generational differences are associated with changes in brain proteome and miRNA. The findings identify ancestral nutrition as a critical factor in the generational programming of feeding behavior.
The significance of morphological and anatomical investigation of leaves and stems for the identification of Zygophyllaceae.
Authors: Ibrahim Dalia , Ragab Osama
Published: June 2022

Background
In this study we examined morphological and anatomical variation in stem and leaf tissue of three genera in the Zygophyllaceae: Fagonia (4 taxa), Tetraena (4 taxa), and Tribulus (4 taxa) were investigated.
Results
The twelve examined taxa included nine species that grow in eastern region of Saudi Arabia. Additional features for taxon identification and characterization were developed as a result of our observations. We recorded stem diagram, epidermal cell shape, cortex, pith, the number of vascular bundles, petiole and blade outline in cross section, mesophyll type, and secretory and crystal distribution.
Conclusions
We conclude that anatomical features, particularly the petiole and blade outlines and the type of vasculature in the stem and petiole, are significant for identifying and distinguishing between the species examined here. A bracketed key is provided for the identification of the investigated taxa based on the characters analyzed here. The characters assessed in this study agreed with previous classifications of Zygophyllaceae species.
The locust plagues in the Yangtze River Delta of China during the Ming and Qing Dynasties
Authors: Wang Xingxing , Li Gang , Xu Wei , Kong Dongyan , Gao Xing , Wang Shuo , Feng Chenxi
Published: June 2022

The Little Ice Age was concurrent with frequent natural disasters in China during the Ming and Qing Dynasties (1368–1911 AD). Using historical documents created in the Yangtze River Delta during these dynasties, we reconstructed the severity and frequency of locust plagues. We uncovered their temporal and spatial patterns, relevant influencing factors, and applied control measures as follows. These locust plagues occurred in the Yangtze River Delta during summer and autumn and were considered moderate-degree disasters. The locust plagues during the Qing Dynasty were less harmful than those during the Ming Dynasty. The locust plagues occurred north of 31 °N and were concentrated around lakes and rivers. Regarding long-term changes, three periods of frequent locust plagues were identified: 1520–1540 AD, 1610–1670 AD, and 1850–1870 AD. The locust plague cycles were dominated by long-term changes of 100 and 350 years, alternating with short-term changes of 10–30 years. Locust growth and development occur under suitable climate conditions. However, in the Yangtze River Delta, the relationship between locust outbreaks and temperature changes was insignificant, whereas flood disasters provided suitable humidity conditions for locust nymph growth. Locust plague outbreaks had a series of social impacts; one direct result was rising food prices. When facing locust plagues, the Ming and Qing Dynasties formed effective top-down preventative measures corresponding to local conditions. The locust plagues in the Yangtze River Delta during the Ming and Qing Dynasties occurred with regularity, were responsive to local hydrological conditions, and impacted social economies and technologies.
Development of a Social Skills Training Programme Using Virtual Reality Technology in Municipal Mental Health Services
Authors: Ose Solveig Osborg , Thaulow Kristin , Færevik Hilde , Hoffmann Per Lund , Lestander Hedvig , Stiles Tore , Lindgren Martin
Published: June 2022

Background
People with severe mental illness often have a small or no network of friends and limited contact with their family and live social isolated lives. We developed a social skills training programme to be administered by public mental health professionals in helping those with mental illness to overcome their social isolation.
Methods
The programme was developed over three years in close collaboration among psychologists, service users, municipal mental health professionals, mental health service researchers and a local firm providing virtual reality (VR) training.
Results
The mental health professionals acknowledge the potential this technology represents, and the first pilot study is currently being conducted. Even before the pilot study is completed, some of the staff have been able to use VR technology in meetings with service users when deemed suitable.
Conclusion
Several factors made adoption and implementation of VR technology possible in a relatively short timeframe: namely, the municipality and service users were involved from the beginning of the process, efforts were made to introduce VR to mental health professionals and allow them to reflect on its usability, solutions were low-tech and low cost, and the long-term research collaboration was established without municipal financial obligations.
A novel victorivirus isolated from the tobacco spot blight fungus Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum in China
Authors: Yang Meng meng , Wang Guiyao , Mu Wenjun , Guo Jianhua , Xi Jiaqin , Hu Liwei , Liang Kexin , Xu Qiang , Hu Zongyu , Song Jizhen
Published: June 2022

Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum is an important plant-pathogenic fungus that causes stem and leaf blight diseases in a variety of crops. Here, we report the characterization of a novel victorivirus, tentatively named Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum victorivirus 1 (ScVV-1), isolated from the S. cucurbitacearum isolate M-7. The ScVV-1 genome is 5,165 bp in length with a predicted GC content of 60.1%, putatively contains two large open reading frames (ORF 1 and 2) that encode a coat protein (CP) and an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), which share significant identities with corresponding proteins of mycoviruses in the family Totiviridae. The ScVV-1 RdRp appears to be translated by a stop-initiation pentanucleotide UAAUG sequence. Phylogenetic analyses based on CP and RdRp amino acid (aa) sequences both indicated that ScVV-1 belonged to the genus Victorivirus in the family Totiviridae. To our knowledge, this is the first full-length genome sequence of a victorivirus infecting S. cucurbitacearum.
Characterizing surface roughness of β-titanium alloy machined using carbide tool by machine learning approaches
Authors: Ma Abdul Md , Imam Tasadduq , Ahsan Kazi Badrul , Khandoker Neamul Ahsan Noman
Published: June 2022

By virtue of its high strength-to-weight ratio, preserving its toughness and other mechanical strength properties at high temperature, low wear, and corrosion rates even in eroding environment, and non-reactivity with human body fluid, the titanium α-β alloy Ti-6Al-4V is a supreme material for producing responsible machine parts. However, machining of such and other Ti-alloy based materials is difficult especially due to lower thermal conductivity, unprecedented high heat generation in cutting zone, chemical reactivity of Ti molecules with cutting tool materials (producing built-up edge), further to notoriously low tool life, low molecular density, and poor surface integrity sustained during machining. Development of optimum machining regimes is, hence, important to reduce machining time and consequently the production cost while maintaining product quality and surface integrity. A series of real-life machining investigations, using coated and uncoated carbide inserts, have been carried out to characterise the optimum ranges of individual cutting parameters (v, f, d) with respect of obtained surface roughness (Ra). While machining literature generally focuses on varying specific parameters keeping other parameter constant to characterise the impact of cutting parameters on surface roughness, we in this article process the machining data using machine learning (ML) approaches (Support Vector Machine, Random Forest, and Deep Learning) to characterise surface roughness with respect to varying all three cutting parameters together. Thus, this work makes an important contribution to the current machining literature. The achieved outcomes will facilitate sustainability, economic efficiencies and machining quality in future research and the manufacturing process of Ti alloy products.
Simultaneous inhibition of MEK and CAKMII in presence of LIF upregulates expression of Sox1 and Pax6 in mouse ES cells without affecting its pluripotency
Authors: Pisal Rishikaysh V. , Bavorova Hana , Sullivan Gareth , Mokry Jaroslav
Published: June 2022

Earliest cells of neural lineage express pluripotency and early neural genes. However, conditions essential for propagating these cells are not known. In this study, we investigated several factors that would support and propagate embryonic stem cells (ES) derived early neural stem cells. RT-qPCR data revealed that PD325901 (MEK inhibitor), Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and KN93 (CAMKII inhibitor) (henceforth referred as PLK media) upregulated expression of early neural genes Sox1 and Pax6 in ES cells, while the expression of pluripotency genes Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog remained on par with the ES cells cultured in ES media. On repeated passaging in PLK medium, expression of Sox1 and Pax6 increased gradually while expression of pluripotency genes remained constant. Moreover, even after several passages the PLK cultured cells were pluripotent, as confirmed by embryoid body (EB) mediated assay. To best of our knowledge, ours is the first group to report this unique combination of factors that potentially upregulated early neural genes while maintaining pluripotency. We feel it is appropriate to call the newly isolated cells “pro-neurogenic ES cells” (pnESC) and not primitive neural stem cells (pNSCs) since they retained pluripotency while pNSCs are not pluripotent.
New Synthesized tri-peptide as Inhibitor of krait (Bungarus sindanus) venom acetylcholinesterase
Authors: Ahmed Mushtaq , Mushtaq Nadia , Sher Naila
Published: June 2022

In the current study, the cyclopeptide alkaloid discarine D derived tri-peptides fragments were manufactured and then investigated for their inhibitory potential against krait (Bungarus sindanus) venom acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme. The tri-peptides L-Leu- threo-D-Pheser-L-Phe and L-Leu- threo-L-Pheser-L-Phe were chemically synthesized by a conventional method using the benzyloxycarbonyl group for the alpha-amino (α-amino) safety and the methyl esters an amino acids derivative used safety for the carboxyl group. The present paper described that the general synthetic strategy of tri-peptide allows the tri-peptide sequence to be acquired with the N-terminal extreme protected. Kinetic studies using the Lineweaver Burk plot indicated that tri-peptides fragments cause an un-competitive type of inhibition i.e. both Km and Vmax values decreased with the increase of tri-peptides fragment concentration (13.5-22.5 µM). The estimated Ki and IC50 for krait venom AChE were found to be 17.5 µM and 19.5 µM, respectively. It is concluded from the present paper clarified that the freshly produced tri-peptides fragment can be deliberated as a beneficial mediator for the inhibition of krait venom AChE.
`Relativistic Beaming and Source Orientation Effects in Extragalactic Radio Sources
Authors: Onah C. I. , Ubachukwu A. A. , Odo F. C. , Aniezi J. N.
Published: June 2022

In this paper we use the correlation between radio core-dominance (R) and Linear size (D) properties of a sample of AGN (ESSs and FSRQs) to investigate the beaming hypothesis and orientation effects in AGNs. The distributions give mean values of D of 144.54 ± 7.52kpc, 288.40 ± 33.66kpc and 25.48 ± 0.054 kpc for ESS quasars, radio galaxies and FSRQs respectively. The R-distributions give mean values of R for ESS quasars, radio galaxies and FSRQs as 0.10 ± 0.006, 0.02 ± 0.006 and 124.4 ± 0.002 for ESS quasars, radio galaxies and FSRQs respectively. The regression analyses yield: logR = -1.47–0.11logD (kpc), with r ~ -0.06; logR = -0.68 -0.15logD (kpc), with r ~ -0.10 and logR = 2.49–1.71logD (kpc), with r ~ -0.85 for ESS radio galaxies, ESS quasars and FSRQs respectively. The results reveal that FSRQs are more consistent with beaming model than ESS quasars and ESS radio galaxies that are yet to be understood in terms of the model. The results are consistent with 6 ≤ γ ≤ 15 for FSRQs which correspond to critical cone angles, ϕc in the range of 40 ≤ φc ≤ 100. Further analyses of the results yield: 6c ≤ βapp ≤ 15c. The results are consistent with relativistic beaming and orientation scheme in which the radio axes of FSRQs observed at smaller angle to the line-of-sight of the observer has more Doppler boosting effect than ESS radio sources counterpart
COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Prospectively Predicts Booster Vaccination Side-effects Six Months Later: Implications of this Psychosomatic Nocebo Component
Authors: Hoffman Yaakov S.G. , Levin Yafit , Palgi Yuval , Goodwin Robin , Ben-Ezra Menachem , Greenblatt-Kimron Lee
Published: June 2022

The directionality between vaccine hesitancy and COVID-19 vaccine side-effects was not hitherto examined. Aligned with nocebo effects, vaccine hesitancy to the second Pfizer vaccination dose should predict subsequent side-effects to the booster dose, over and beyond all other effects. Furthermore, consistent with nocebo effects being driven by (mis)information in males, and by prior experience in females, compatible sex differences were predicted. A representative sample of older adults (n = 756, mean age = 68.9 ± 3.43) were questioned in a typical cross-lagged design (wave 1 following the second Pfizer dose, wave 2 after their booster shot). Vaccine hesitancy, side-effect severity and demographics were reported at each wave. All predictions were confirmed. First, only the direction of earlier vaccine hesitancy predicting subsequent booster side-effects was significant, for females (β = 0.10 p = .025, f 2=.02) and males (β = 0.34, p < 0.001, f 2 = .16 ). Second, this effect was stronger in males (χ²Δ (1) = 4.34, p = .03). Third, the autoregression W1-to-W2 side-effect link was stronger in females (β = .34, p < .001), than in males (β = .18, p < .001), χ²Δ (1) = 26.86, p < .001. The data show that a quantifiable and meaningful portion of COVID-19 vaccine side-effects is predicted by prior negative attitudes towards the vaccine (i.e., hesitancy), demonstrating that side-effects comprise a psychosomatic component in vaccinated individuals. The results reveal distinct risk levels for future side-effects and suggest implications for tailoring public health messaging to these psychosomatic effects.
Substrate-Rhodium cooperativity in photoinduced ortho-alkynylation of arenes
Authors: Saha Argha , Ghosh Animesh , Guin Srimanta , Panda Sanjib , Mal Dibya Kanti , Majumdar Abhirup , Akita Munetaka , Maiti Debabrata
Published: June 2022

In the realm of metallaphotocatalytic C-H activation strategy, the mode of reaction which has been mostly explored is the synergistic effect between a photocatalyst (PC) and a transition metal. In these cases, the energy and redox transfer from the PC to transition metal modulates the oxidation state which brings new mechanistic paradigms in C-H activation and enables prior elusive transformations under milder conditions. Another mode of reactivity occurs via the direct excitation of the transition metal which plays the dual role of light energy harnessing alongside performing the bond breaking and forming. This mode is advantageous because it would not require any exogenous PC, however such reactivity by transition metals is rare in literature. In this context we have developed the first photo-induced Rh-catalyzed ortho-alkynylation under ambient conditions without the requirement of silver salt, PC or any engineered substrate or catalyst. The transformation functions by the specific cooperative effect of a six-membered rhodacycle which is the photo-responsive species. The catalytic system allows the conjugation of arenes with sp3-rich pharmacophoric fragments. The control experiments as well as the computational studies resolve the mechanistic intricacies for this transformation. An outer sphere electron transfer process from Rh to alkynyl radical is operative for the present photo-induced transformation over the more common oxidative addition or 1,2-migratory insertion pathways.