bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fællesskab eller individualitet - om forskning, undervisning og samarbejde i et interdisciplinært universitetsmiljø
Authors: Jensen Anne , Troelsen Rie , Zeuner Lilli
Published: September 2021

Der er en tiltagende satsning på interdisciplinære undervisningsformer i forskellige dele af det danske uddannelsessystem. I de gymnasiale uddannelser blev der med 2005-reformen indført obligatorisk fagsamspil i undervisningen, og på universiteterne indføres der i stigende grad interdisciplinære studier, hvor flere fag indgår i det samme studieforløb. Denne udvikling rejser spørgsmålet om, hvad der er konsekvenserne af den interdisciplinære tænkning i forskning og i undervisning. I denne artikel præsenterer vi en mindre undersøgelse af, hvordan det videnskabelige personale (VIP) på et universitetsinstitut oplever, at interdisciplinaritet kommer til udtryk i forskning, undervisning og samarbejde. Interdisciplinariteten opleves forskelligt afhængigt af sociale relationer, dvs. om man som VIP’er arbejder alene med at sammentænke flere discipliner, eller om man arbejder sammen med andre om at sammentænke flere discipliner.Interdisciplinarity receives increased attention in different parts of the Danish educational system. At the upper secondary level, compulsory, multi-subject coursework was introduced by the reform of 2005, and universities offer interdisciplinary course programs to a higher extent.  This development raises the question of how the notion of interdisciplinarity is realized in teaching and in research. In this article a pilot study on how university faculty view interdisciplinarity in teaching, research and cooperation is presented. Interdisciplinarity is viewed differently depending on social relations, that is whether you work alone or together with others in merging several disciplines.
KOVIKO – et nyt bud på "undervisningsbaseret forskning" i et tværfagligt digitalt lærings- og forskningsfællesskab?
Authors: Blok Anders , Skrydstrup Martin , Wahlberg Ayo
Published: September 2021

Med stigende fokus på øget tværfaglighed og digitalisering i undervisningen på Københavns Universitet undersøger vi i denne artikel hvilke betingelser, der skal til, for at tværfaglighed og digitalisering rent faktisk kan omsættes til læringsudbytte? Det gør vi ved at reflektere over hvilke didaktiske komponenter, der har været virksomme i et nyligt afholdt, tværfagligt kursus: KOrtlægning af VIdenskabelige KOntroverser (KOVIKO). Vi identificerer tre vigtige komponenter som afgørende for de opnåede læringsmæssige resultater: Socialisering til et nyt fagligt fællesskab; internettet som omdrejningspunkt og oplæring til tværfaglige læringsindsatser. I konklusionen fremhæver vi det potentiale, som ligger i brug af digitale metoder og platforme som et fagligt integrerende element i "undervisningsbaseret forskning".With an increasing focus on interdisciplinarity and digitalization in teaching at the University of Copenhagen, we use this article to examine some of the conditions under which interdisciplinarity and digitalization can lead to better learning outcomes as well as improved study environments for students. We do this by reflecting on which didactic components were effective in a recently held course on Mapping Scientific Controversies (KOVIKO). We identify three components as particularly important factors behind achieved learning outcomes and improvements in study environment: an active effort to socialize students into a new interdisciplinary community; the internet as the pivotal object of the course; and encouraging interdisciplinary learning. We conclude by highlighting the potential that digital methods, as integrated elements of “teaching-based research”, hold.
Del af eller uden for fællesskabet? – Rummet som medskaber af uformelle læreprocesser
Authors: Keiding Tina Bering
Published: September 2021

Artiklen undersøger studerendes læringsoplevelser i projektorganiseret undervisning i individuelle grupperum og i åbent kontorlandskab. Den konkluderer, at de to studiemiljøer skaber vidt forskellige lærings-oplevelser. Det åbne rum tilbyder rige muligheder for inspiration og feedback og bidrager til fagligt og socialt tilhørsforhold. Endvidere synes det åbne rum at skabe bedre rammer for udvikling af lærings- og samarbejdskompetencer. De lukkede rum vanskeliggør både formel og uformel kontakt og giver mange studerende en oplevelse af at stå uden for fællesskabet.The paper examines students’ experiences with project organized teaching in two different spatial conditions: separate rooms and an open space office. It concludes that students experience the two types of spatiality to provide very different learning contexts. The advantages of multiple rooms arise from their affordance of spontaneous inspiration, feedback, and social inclusion. Further the findings suggest that the multiple group room assists in the development of competencies in the areas of collaboration and learning. In contrast the separate room challenge on both professional and informal social interaction.
Studerendes caseundersøgelser som omdrejningspunkt for forskningsbaseret holdundervisning
Authors: Dohn Nina Bonderup , Madelung Birgitte
Published: September 2021

Artiklen indledes med en diskussion af, hvori forskningsbaseret undervisning (FU) består. Vi bestemmer FU som undervisning, hvor studerende involveres som aktive deltagere i processen med at producere ny viden ved brug af forskningsmetode. Vores overordnede forskningsspørgsmål lyder: Hvilke muligheder giver et didaktisk design baseret på, at de studerende inddrages som bidragydere til forskningsprocessen, for at realisere de forskellige begrundelser for forskningsbaseret undervisning? Hvilke problemstillinger viser der sig i forsøget herpå? Spørgsmålet undersøges med fokus på læringsteoretiske begrundelser og filosofiske begrundelser for FU. Vi rapporterer resultater fra et følgeforskningsprojekt i et undervisningsforløb, designet ud fra vores bestemmelse af FU. I diskussionen argumenterer vi for, at de læringsteoretiske begrundelser har rimelige muligheder for at realiseres med det didaktiske design, mens de filosofiske begrundelser kræver mere understøttelse. Resultaterne peger på en række problemstillinger og barrierer for realiseringen af FU (i en bestemmelse som vores) og af begrundelserne for FU. Blandt disse er, at det didaktiske design indebærer en uvant arbejds- og studieform for de studerende, at der kan være en spænding mellem studieordningens faglige mål og FU (i en bestemmelse som vores), og at studerendes instrumentalistiske, erhvervsrettede mål kan være en barriere for realisering af de filosofiske begrundelser for FU. The article starts with a short discussion of different views on research-based teaching (RT). We characterize RT as teaching where students are involved as active participants in the process of producing new knowledge through the use of research methods. Our overall research question is: What possibilities does a pedagogical design based on involving students as contributors to the research process offer for realizing the different reasons for RT? What problems can arise? The research question is investigated with a focus on learning theoretical and philosophical reasons for RT. In the discussion we argue that the pedagogical design supports the learning theoretical reasons for using RT, but is less useful for the philosophical reasons. Our results point to a number of problems and barriers to the realization of RT (as characterized in our project) and of the reasons for RT, amongst which are the following: The pedagogical design involves an unfamiliar form of work/study for the students; tensions may exist between the subject-related learning goals of study regulations and RT (as characterized in our project); and students’ instrumental, job-oriented goals may constitute a barrier to the realization of the philosophical reasons for RT.
Dannelse som basis for udvikling af moderne matematikundervisning
Authors: Isager Julie Marie , Olesen Mogens Nørgaard
Published: September 2021

I denne artikel omtales ambitionerne, opbygningen og resultaterne af et nyt pædagogisk projekt om forbedring af undervisningen i matematik for førsteårsstuderende på Økonomisk Institut ved Københavns Universitet. Initiativet er siden efteråret 2007 blevet udbygget og har hentet væsentlige elementer fra klassisk Kant-Humboldtsk dannelsesteori og moderne universitetspædagogik. Efter at initiativet er iværksat, har de studerende ændret studieadfærd: De er blevet mere aktive og engagerede, og eksamensresultaterne er væsentligt forbedret. Initiativet er ikke fagspecifikt, så andre fag vil kunne lade sig inspirere af vores tanker og metoder.   This article considers the ambitions, design, and results of a new education project intended to improve the teaching of mathematics to first-year students in the Department of Economics at the University of Copenhagen. The initiative, which has been in development since 2007, was inspired by the classical Kantian-Humboldtian theory of Bildung and by modern theories of tertiary teaching methodology. Observations made following the intervention reveal that the students have changed their behaviour; they have become increasingly active and engaged, and the examination results have improved considerably. The initiative is not subject specific and other fields of study may find inspiration in our thoughts and methods.
Pædagogikken som hybrid mellem universitær dannelse og samfundsmæssig innovation
Authors: Hagel Helene , Petersen Karen Lund
Published: September 2021

Denne artikel zoomer ind på debatten om innovation ved kritisk at diskutere og undersøge, hvilke innovationsbegreber der optræder i den politologiske undervisning i dag, og hvordan disse begreber om innovation på hver sin måde definerer forholdet mellem universitet og samfund. Med udgangspunkt i den forskningspolitiske debat om innovation og innovative kompetencer blandt universitetskandidater, diskuterer artiklen pædagogikkens rolle som ’fortolker’ af forholdet mellem universitet og samfund. Vi argumenterer for, at der på Institut for Statskundskab, Københavns Universitet, opereres med to begreber om innovation: ét som betoner politikkens uforudsigelighed og ét, som i højere grad forholder sig til politik som en rumlig afgrænset sfære. Disse begreber beskriver, på hver sin måde, forholdet mellem universitetet og samfundet. Sidst diskuterer artiklen, hvordan forskellige læringsstrategier støtter disse forskelige begreber om innovation.  This article discusses the various ways in which the societal demand for innovation edifies the role of university pedagogies. By zooming in on the discipline of political science and the learning outcomes defined at the Department of Political Science, University of Copenhagen, the article argues that there are two contemporary conceptions of innovation in current university teaching practice: one that emphasizes innovation as the management of the unpredictable future and one that relates to politics as a spatially delimited sphere. While the former puts premium on the creative ability to seize the future, the latter stresses the importance of past experiences for the accumulation of knowledge. These concepts, the article argues, evoke two different understandings of the relationship between university education and social innovation. The article concludes with a discussion of how different learning strategies support these two views of innovation.
Det er det, de unge vil have. En analyse af studerendes præferencer i relation til undervisning
Authors: Bhatti Yosef , Grøn Caroline Howard
Published: September 2021

Artiklen undersøger de studerendes forventninger til undervisere og undervisning gennem et survey af ca. 200 grunduddannelses- og overbygnings­­studerende og finder, at der er stærkere præferencer for underviserens forelæsning og gennemgang af pensum i forhold til mere inddragende og perspektiverende undervisning. Ligeledes undersøges demografiske, strukturelle samt subjektive karakteristikas evne til at forklare variationer i de studerendes præferencer. Mod forventning finder vi, at de studerendes præferencer til underviser og undervisning kun i meget ringe grad kan forklares ved de undersøgte faktorer.  The paper examines students' expectations regarding teachers and teaching through a survey of approximately 200 BA and MA students. The findings suggest that students generally prefer lectures and presentations of the curriculum given by teachers rather than alternative methods of curriculum delivery. Demographic, structural and subjective characteristics of the students are included in models to explain variations in student preferences. Contra to our expectations, we find that the preferences of the students regarding teachers and teaching methods are only to a very limited extent explained by the included variables.
New approach towards border regions in the Territorial Agenda 2030
Authors: Jakubowski Andrzej , Miszczuk Andrzej
Published: September 2021

Border regions are commonly perceived as peripheral in terms of transport accessibility and socio-economic development. The peripherality has meant that they have been and continue to be beneficiaries of a traditionally understood – i.e. compensatory – paradigm of regional development. To a large extent, this has been the character of the European Union Cohesion Policy to date. However, a new paradigm of regional development, manifested by the Territorial Agenda 2030, is becoming more and more popular. The article debates possible actions to be taken in regions along national borders to achieve their strategic objectives using the multi-level governance and territorial capital concepts and referring to the six priorities of the Territorial Agenda 2030.
On nations and international boundaries – the case of the Mediterranean region
Authors: Biger Gideon
Published: September 2021

The world seems mainly to comprise nation states that are independent and based on one nation, if sometimes with certain minorities within it. Thus, at first glance the model seems to be of ‘a nation establishing its boundaries’. However, a ‘boundaries that made a nation’ model also in fact exists – in which nations were created after boundaries were laid down. The independent states in the Mediterranean region forming the main subject of study here are found to belong to both of the above models, with the result that they place overall between the European model of ‘nation states’ and the African and Middle Eastern model by which ‘boundaries make nations’.
The Green Line in Cyprus: external border or internal discontinuity of the EU?
Authors: Le Mouel Pierre
Published: September 2021

Defining the Cyprus Green Line is a contested issue. Since the accession to the European Union of the Republic of Cyprus (RoC) in 2004, the EU has had to balance between two conflicting definitions of the Green Line. The first, set by international law and the United Nations (UN) resolutions, is that of a peace line that is only a temporary internal discontinuity within the RoC, separating both communities until a settlement is agreed. The second, championed by Turkey and the Turkish Cypriots’ pseudo-state, is that of an international border between both independent communities. The EU has had to apply both definitions at the same time, legally and pragmatically, which has heavily hindered its own peacebuilding efforts in Cyprus and reduced its actorness in Eastern Mediterranean geopolitics.
Physical Activity as an Asset of Quality of Life / Fizička aktivnost u funkciji kvaliteta života
Authors: Jotov Nebojša , Kolev Dragan
Published: September 2021

Quality of life as one of the significant dimensions of life can be viewed and promoted in various ways. From the corpus of the multidisciplinary approach, in our work we have opted for physical activity as an important basis for the quality of life. Specifically, this paper aims to determine the effect of different physical activity programs - experimental models (E-fitball exercises during work breaks, E1 - aqua aerobics, and E2 - Nordic walking, applied over a period of three months - three times a week) on the transformation of the morphological status of physically inactive women in order to improve the quality of life. The research problem is related to the effects of different models of physical activity programs in modifying the morphological - body structure and improving the quality of life. We have defined the general hypothesis as follows: The implementation of physical activity programs (fitball, aqua aerobics, Nordic walking) will lead to positive transformational changes in morphological - body status, thus improving the quality of life. The sample consisted of 84 subjects, women aged 30 to 40, leading a sedentary lifestyle. We tested the variables that characterize the morphological and physical status of the subjects. In order to accomplish the tasks of research and achieve its goal, a complex methodology was applied, which consisted of the following methods: experimental method with three experimental groups, morphological anthropometry method, bioelectric impedance method, descriptive statistics method (measures of central tendency and measures of dispersion), testing differences of arithmetic means (Student's t-criterion), one-factor variance analysis (ANOVA1), theoretical analysis - content analysis method. A comparative experiment with different models of physical activity programs showed a significant statistical difference for all tested morphological indicators (with the exception of the body height variable). The dynamics of the t-test results in the variables for the assessment of morphological status showed a significant statistical difference (significance level p 0.05) between the initial and final treatment in all experimental groups. In the final testing, we register the difference between the groups with the arm circumference variable (in favor of experimental group E1 (aqua aerobics) and E2 (Nordic walking), the thickness of the triceps skin fold (in favor of E1 and E2) and the thickness of the supriliac skin fold (in favor of E1 and E2) By looking at the results of the percentage of body fat (FAT%) after the application of the experimental program, we register the highest fat reduction in the experimental group E1 (aqua aerobics). Applied physical activity models are a good instrument for maintaining and optimizing the morphological status of physically inactive women and improving the quality of life for women.
Pyramid of Corporate Social Responsibility in Bosnia and Herzegovina: The Case of Consumers of Small and Medium Enterprises
Authors: Ćatić-Kajtazović Elvira , Šumar Selma
Published: September 2021

Corporate Social Responsibility represents the voluntary and expressed concern of the company towards itself and its employees and towards the environment in a way to avoid or to minimize the negative consequences of its activities and to encourage, improve, and invest in its own development and development of the society. As Bosnia and Herzegovina belongs to a group of countries in development with a traditionally rooted philanthropy, we expect that the presented results of this paper will contribute to the reduction of the literary gap that had arisen from the lack of researches that have in its context corporate social responsibility, consumers and small and medium enterprises in such countries. The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the ranking of responsibility from the pyramid of corporate social responsibility from the aspect of small and medium enterprises consumers in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Particularly, this paper analyzes the difference in the priorities and the achieved mean values of economic, legal, ethical and philanthropic responsibility with respect to gender, whether the consumers in the environment know the company that operates ethically and socially responsibly, and respect to the material situation of consumer's household. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that consumers give priority to the philanthropic responsibility, i.e. in this research the redistribution of the importance of certain responsibility dimensions from the Carroll's pyramid of corporate social responsibility has not been confirmed. Statistically significant and positive values of Pearson correlation coefficient show us that economic, legal, ethical and philanthropic responsibilities are interconnected. There is no difference in the achieved mean values of economic, legal, ethical and philanthropic responsibilities with respect to the respondents’ gender (although there is a difference in the ranking of responsibilities). The highest mean values of the stated responsibilities have been achieved among the respondents who rated their material household status as "Much worse than the average", while the difference in the achieved mean values is statistically significant only for the legal and philanthropic responsibility in favor of consumers who had rated their household material condition as much worse than the average compared to those who had rated the household material condition as much better than average. Also significant mean values are noticable among respondents who know in their surrounding enterprises that are ethically and socially responsible, although statistically significant difference exist only with philanthropic responsibility. The results achieved in this research support the claims that in developing countries as well as in countries with traditionally rooted philanthropy priority is given to philanthropic responsibility compared to others.
Forecast of E-Commerce Growth in Bosnia and Hercegovina
Authors: Jaganjac Jamila , Obhodaš Ibrahim , Jerković Darijo
Published: September 2021

E-commerce is growing faster than traditional forms of commerce. The expansion of the internet, mobile networks and the use of smartphones have increasingly driven consumers to online shopping. The convenience of buying from home and possibilities to compare products are key benefits for consumers. Changes in consumer behavior have implications for traders and their business models. They are switching the entire business to e-commerce. The relatively lower costs of doing business and promotional activities are key reasons for such business transitions. For traditional traders (Brick and mortar), the greater challenge is that big players in this sector become those who do not have physical stores. The implementation and expansion of e-commerce are of varying intensity in the economies of the world. E-commerce can significantly increase competitiveness and strengthen the position of BiH companies in a wider market. This paper deals with the current and future trends of e-commerce in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The paper forecasts e-commerce trends for the period from 2019 to 2021. Based on available data for the period from 2015 to 2018, by the trend extrapolation method, the forecast for the next three years is given. A trend represents the movement of a process or occurrence that prevails over some time. The business activity under code 47.91 was analyzed, that is, retail trade via mail or internet. Business activity under code 47.91 is compared with the same at global and Europian level. Besides, basic business performance was analyzed both at the level of activity 47.91 and at the level of five domestic e-commerce companies (Pik d.o.o., E-kupi d.o.o., Kupi tehniku d.o.o., Fact cool d.o.o. i Dopi grupa d.o.o.). The following indicators were used in the analysis of business performance: sales revenue, net profit, number of employees and return on total assets. The paper aims to identify the growth rates of e-commerce in the period 2015-2018 in this market, to determine what this trend is relative to the trend of e-commerce development in the world and the region. Further, the aim is to extrapolate the trends of the analyzed indicators to predict the growth of e-commerce in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the next three years.Based on an extrapolation of trends in sales revenue, net income, and headcount, it was concluded that the growth rate of e-commerce in BiH will be significantly lower compared to the global level, but should also be higher than the growth at the level of European Union. Research has shown that e-commerce is very profitable and that an increasing number of companies are joining it.
Application of in-situ characterization techniques in all-solid-state lithium batteries
Authors: Lu Jing-Yu , Ke Cheng-Zhi , Gong Zheng-Liang , Li De-Ping , Ci Li-Jie , Zhang Li , Zhang Qiao-Bao ,   School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China,   College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China,   College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China,   School of Materials, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China,   College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
Published: September 2021

In recent years, mobile consumer electronics and electric vehicles have been developing rapidly, and they have been hunting for lithium batteries with high energy density, high safety and stability, to alleviate the range anxiety and improve their stability over long term operations. These make all-solid-state lithium batteries very attractive and they have been under intense investigations. However, the development of high-performance all-solid-state lithium batteries requires an in-depth understanding of their charge and discharge mechanism, their degradation process, along with the evolution of the microstructures, phase compositions, chemical states and their distributions, etc., inside the battery and at the interface. This paper summarizes the basic principles, functions, and the representative advances in investigation of the dynamics and failure mechanism of electrode materials and interfaces in solid-state lithium batteries under working conditions, with typical in-situ characterization techniques, including in-situ microscopy (in-situ scanning electron microscopy (SEM), in-situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM)), in-situ X-ray techniques (in-situ X-ray diffraction (XRD)), in-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), in-situ near-edge structure X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XANES), in-situ X-ray tomography), in-situ neutron techniques (in-situ neutron diffraction (ND), in-situ neutron depth profiling (NDP)) and in-situ spectroscopies (in-situ Raman spectroscopy, in-situ nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and in-situ nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)), etc. We also discussed the application of future advanced in-situ characterization techniques in the investigation of all-solid-state lithium batteries.
Evolutionary drivers of the hump-shaped latitudinal gradient of benthic polychaete species richness along the Southeastern Pacific coast
Authors: Moreno Rodrigo A. , Labra Fabio A. , Cotoras Darko D. , Camus Patricio A. , Gutiérrez Dimitri , Aguirre Luis , Rozbaczylo Nicolás , Poulin Elie , Lagos Nelson A. , Zamorano Daniel , Rivadeneira Marcelo M.
Published: September 2021

Latitudinal diversity gradients (LDG) and their explanatory factors are among the most challenging topics in macroecology and biogeography. Despite of its apparent generality, a growing body of evidence shows that ‘anomalous’ LDG (i.e., inverse or hump-shaped trends) are common among marine organisms along the Southeastern Pacific (SEP) coast. Here, we evaluate the shape of the LDG of marine benthic polychaetes and its underlying causes using a dataset of 643 species inhabiting the continental shelf (<200 m depth), using latitudinal bands with a spatial resolution of 0.5°, along the SEP (3–56° S). The explanatory value of six oceanographic (Sea Surface Temperature (SST), SST range, salinity, salinity range, primary productivity and shelf area), and one macroecological proxy (median latitudinal range of species) were assessed using a random forest model. The taxonomic structure was used to estimate the degree of niche conservatism of predictor variables and to estimate latitudinal trends in phylogenetic diversity, based on three indices (phylogenetic richness (PDSES), mean pairwise distance (MPDSES), and variation of pairwise distances (VPD)). The LDG exhibits a hump-shaped trend, with a maximum peak of species richness at ca. 42° S, declining towards northern and southern areas of SEP. The latitudinal pattern was also evident in local samples controlled by sampling effort. The random forest model had a high accuracy (pseudo-r2 = 0.95) and showed that the LDG could be explained by four variables (median latitudinal range, SST, salinity, and SST range), yet the functional relationship between species richness and these predictors was variable. A significant degree of phylogenetic conservatism was detected for the median latitudinal range and SST. PDSES increased toward the southern region, whereas VPD showed the opposite trend, both statistically significant. MPDSES has the same trend as PDSES, but it is not significant. Our results reinforce the idea that the south Chile fjord area, particularly the Chiloé region, was likely the evolutionary source of new species of marine polychaetes along SEP, creating a hotspot of diversity. Therefore, in the same way as the canonical LDG shows a decline in diversity while moving away from the tropics; on this case the decline occurs while moving away from Chiloé Island. These results, coupled with a strong phylogenetic signal of the main predictor variables suggest that processes operating mainly at evolutionary timescales govern the LDG.
Effect of control measures on the pattern of COVID-19 Epidemics in Japan
Authors: Konishi Tomokazu
Published: September 2021

Background

COVID-19 has spread worldwide since its emergence in 2019. In contrast to many other countries with epidemics, Japan differed in that it avoided lockdowns and instead asked people for self-control. A travel campaign was conducted with a sizable budget, but the number of PCR tests was severely limited. These choices may have influenced the course of the epidemic.

Methods

The increase or decrease in the classes of SARS-CoV-2 variants was estimated by analyzing the published sequences with an objective multivariate analysis. This approach observes the samples in multiple directions, digesting complex differences into simpler forms. The results were compared over time with the number of confirmed cases, PCR tests, and overseas visitors. The kinetics of infection were analyzed using the logarithmic growth rate.

Results

The declared states of emergency failed to alter the movement of the growth rate. Three epidemic peaks were caused by domestically mutated variants. In other countries, there are few cases in which multiple variants have peaked. However, due to the relaxation of immigration restrictions, several infective variants have been imported from abroad and are currently competing for expansion, creating the fourth peak. By April 2021, these foreign variants exceeded 80%. The chaotic situation in Japan will continue for some time, in part because no effort has been made to identify asymptomatic carriers, and details of the vaccination program are undecided.
Assessing attitudes of patient-centered care among chiropractic students at a South African university
Authors: Ismail Fatima , Yelverton Christopher , Schafer Tamaryn , Peterson Cynthia
Published: September 2021

Objective

Patient-centered care (PCC) is acknowledged globally as a foundation of quality patient care and key to doctor–patient rapport. Student attitudes toward PCC have been assessed in some health professions and some international chiropractic institutions but is lacking in the South African chiropractic student context. This study explores this concept and compares these attitudes to other student groups.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted on chiropractic students (years 1, 3, 5, and 6) at a South African institution. The 18-item Patient–Practitioner Orientation Scale (PPOS), with scoring 1–6 on a Likert scale, was used to evaluate the attitude toward PCC by students. Higher scores were representative of more patient-centeredness. Variables were analyzed to assess for associations between variables. Mean PPOS scores were calculated, and reliability and validity were tested using Cronbach α and factor analysis.

Results

There were 100 respondents (68% response rate). The PPOS showed unsatisfactory reliability in our sample. The mean scores for the overall PPOS were 3.64 (SD = 0.46), the sharing subscale was 2.99 (SD = 0.61), and the caring subscale was 4.29 (SD = 0.58). There were small but suggestive trends noticed in PPOS scores based on age, sex, and year of study.

Conclusions

Chiropractic students from our university showed a general positive tendency toward PCC with no association between age and year of study. Sex showed some suggestive descriptive trends contrary to findings in other studies. The PPOS showed poor reliability in this study, warranting consideration with its use in similar contexts.
Blaan T’logan: The Marker of Tribal Identity
Authors: C. Franca Glenford
Published: September 2021

Aims: To determine the identity and practices of the Blaan tribe of Kiblawan, Davao del Sur, Southern Philippines.

Study Design:  This study used the historical approach.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at Kiblawan, Davao del Sur, Southern Philippines for 6 months.

Methodology: Historical approach was used through the tribe’s oral tradition and elders’ revelations, triangulated by the tangible and immovable cultural property.

Results: Just like the other tribes in the Davao region, the Blaan tribe has also their own unique beliefs and culture. The stories they believed in where obtained from their ancestors. Believing to these stories had become part of their daily living. To preserve their customary practices, the Blaan elders constructed the T’logan which the tribe considered a sacred community house, where several significant socio-cultural and political activities were held. The T’logan became a marker their identity and symbolizes community prestige, honor, pride and strong social cohesion. It was greatly valued by the tribe members since it embraced spiritual, social, and political significance. It was a place where disputes were settled, alliances were forged, marriages were officiated and other community rituals.

Conclusion: Cultural preservation during this technologically advanced era and liberalized time is not easy. However, the unity of the Blaan elders and members is the key to reviving and promoting their beliefs and cultural practices not only for the tribe members but for the outside communities. Moreover, studying and dissimination of the Blaan tribe’s customary beliefs and cultures is a contribution which the educational institutions can do best.
Distance Education in the Clinical Laboratory Sciences: Part of the Solution to the Professional Labor Shortage
Authors: Brooks Reed , Olmsted Jodi
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this paper is introducing research conducted about issues related to influences and barriers to the potential use of distance education for mitigating the clinical laboratory sciences labor shortage. Diagnostic careers such as those in the clinical laboratory sciences remain a mystery to many people because they do not have the same prominence or visibility associated with therapeutic careers. Clinical laboratory science courses often have both didactic and laboratory components. Coursework with laboratory components require additional faculty time for preparation. When health care education is offered in traditional university or college settings not affiliated with a teaching hospital or clinical setting, laboratory costs are higher due to purchasing supplies, reagents and media. Issues are further explored in a brief series of papers addressing them.  Using DE for delivering diagnostic clinical educational is a potential viable solution for addressing national diagnostic labor shortages.
Optimizing Opioid Abuse Prevention Strategies: Role of Pharmacist in Safe Dispensing
Authors: Anusree M. , Mohan Pravina , Reshma P. , Mariyam Zuhara
Published: September 2021

Misuse, violence, and distribution of opioids are also a public health concern. Pharmacists are at the forefront of the health-care response to the opioid epidemic because they have more opportunities to engage with patients than primary care or specialist medical practitioners. Because of these situations, pharmacists have more chances to provide proper prevention advice and reinforce proper opioid drug usage. Understanding dosage restrictions, learning how to use prescription drug monitoring programmes, knowing when drug take-back programmes are taking place, and advising consumers about the dangers of substance addiction are both techniques that pharmacists should be informed about. Recognising "red flag" actions that may suggest opioid abuse; using tests to determine a patient's risk of opioid abuse; collaborating with other health-care providers to plan a patient's treatment; knowing how abuse-deterrent antidepressants function and what they can't do. Pharmacists can help mitigate substance misuse and improve patient outcomes by implementing these techniques. All patients who require legitimate and effective pain management through the use of opioids must have access to them. While further study is needed in a variety of areas, pharmacists may make efforts today to follow proposed recommendations, rules, and legislation to reduce drug misuse and diversion of restricted drugs.
Prevalence, Co-morbidities and Management of Psoriasis in Saudi Arabia: A Review
Authors: Alenazy Afaf Enad , Alenazy Asmaa Enad S. , Alanazi Maali Salamah N. , Alshammari Manal Nashi
Published: September 2021

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin illness with an autoimmune pathogenic mannerisms and genetic tendency. It is regarded as erythematous plaques sheltered with silvery scales predominantly over the extensor exteriors, scalp, and lumbosacral region. The prevalence in Saudi Arabia was projected to be 5.3% (53% of psoriasis patients develop it before 30 years of age.

Aim: The main objective of this study is to summarize the current evidence regarding prevalence, types, risk factors, associated comorbidities and management of psoriasis in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: This is a systematic review was carried out, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and EBSCO that examining previous studies regarding psoriasis in KSA. Authors extracted the data, and then the author's names, year and region of publication, the study type, period of study, and the result were reported.                                                                                    

Results: The review included 7 studies that illustrate prevalence, types, risk factors, associated comorbidities and management of psoriasis in Saudi Arabia.            

Conclusion: The incidence of psoriasis in Saudi Arabia is within previously reported figures worldwide. Family history seems to have a strong association with the occurrence of psoriasis. CVD and psychological disorders seem to be prevalent Saudi psoriatic patients. Topical medications are widely used and effective in psoriasis management in Saudi Arabia.
Coco: Relasi Keluarga Hingga Tradisi Budaya
Authors: Sadewa Ghalif P.
Published: September 2021

Keluarga menjadi hal pokok dan pertama dimana relasi diajarkan. Ajaran moral dan pedoman hidup merupakan bagian eksistensi yang nyata dalam bentuk komunikasi anggota keluarga. Wajar adanya jika tema kasih sayang dalam keluarga kerap dijumpai pada sebuah film. Kedekatan emosi, persoalan yang sama, hingga latar cerita membuat tema ini mudah diterima penontonnya. Konflik sederhana namun jika diramu dengan baik tentu akan memikat penonton. Apalagi jika menyajikan visual yang memukau. Coco adalah perjalanan emosional yang mudah dimengerti. Sebuah perjalanan singkat untuk kembali mengenal arti keluarga dan wisata budaya Meksiko dalam Dia de los Muertos. Coco merajut makna kehilangan dan kematian bukan dengan cara klise. Menyuguhkan hal yang tampak lebih indah dalam memaknai sebuah kematian. Nafas naratif tak sekadar dari dialog dan konflik antar tokohnya jauh dari hal itu, Coco menawarkan elemen visual yang menawan. Musik yang saling mengisi emosional tokoh dengan ujung dramatik adegan yang menguras air mata.
Promotional Strategy for Magic Group Media
Authors: Lohanjaya Melia
Published: September 2021

Magic Group Media is a post-production company based in Amsterdam. Magic Group Media constantly keeps growing and being ambitious in a way to expand the business and target a wider market. Magic has already done some promotion strategies before, but to reach a bigger market, Magic evaluates it is essential to invest more in effective promotional strategy. Through this promotional strategy, Magic wants to build a working relationship with new potential clients. This study is aimed at analyzing and knowing what promotional strategy can be used by Magic Group Media to build a working relationship with potential clients.
Physicochemical characterization and antioxidant activity of wild Physalis spp. genotypes
Authors: Herrera Aleyda Pérez- , Gutiérrez Gabino Alberto Martínez- , Morales Isidro , Medina Marco Antonio Sánchez- , Tinoco Cirenio Escamirosa-
Published: September 2021

The center of origin and domestication of Physalis spp. is Mexico, where 70 wild species and only two cultivated species are found. Fruits of wild husk tomato are collected by farmers for home consumption or for sale in local markets, where prices are higher than for the cultivated husk tomato. Despite their economic and nutritional importance, they have been little studied. The objective of this study was to determine phytochemical properties, nutritional value, total contents of phenol, anthocyanins and flavonoids, and the antioxidant capacity of the fruits of five wild genotypes of Physalis spp (Quialana, Jalieza, Vigallo, Ejutla and Miahuatlán), collected in the corn harvest season in five localities of Oaxaca, Mexico. The genotypes Quialana and Miahuatlán had the best physical characteristics, but their antioxidant capacity was lower than that of the genotypes Jalieza, Vigallo and Ejutla, which did not exhibit physical characteristics that are attractive for consumers. Moreover, the high contents of phenols and flavonoids, as well as the antioxidant capacity of all the wild genotypes studied, showed that Physalis spp. is an option for more frequent inclusion in the population’s diet. However, because of food globalization issues, production, commercialization and consumption of these wild species is disappearing.
Effect of boiling on nutritional, antioxidant and physicochemical properties of edible plants (Malva parviflora and Myrtillocactus geometrizans)
Authors: Eli Mireya Sandoval-Gallegos , José Arias-Rico , Socorro Cruz-Cansino Nelly del , Deyanira Ramírez-Ojeda , Yadira Zafra-Rojas Quinatzin , Juan Hernández-Ávila , Esther Ramírez-Moreno
Published: September 2021

The aim of the present research was to determine the effect of boiling on nutritional composition, total phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity, physicochemical and morphological characteristics of two edible plants Malva parviflora (mallow leaf) and Myrtillocactus geometrizans (garambullo flower). The plants had an important nutritional composition as carbohydrates (48-70 %), dietary fiber (36-42 %) and protein (13 %), as well as total phenolic compounds (468-750 mg GAE/100 g db) with a high antioxidant capacity. However, boiling originated the decrease of soluble compounds, carbohydrates, total phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity and physicochemical properties. Plants changed to dark colors and physicochemical properties were affected, except to water retention capacity, oil retention capacity and viscosity, which had the same values in mallow leaves (raw and boiled), but increased water retention capacity in garambullo flowers, it may be by changes in the morphology observed. Therefore, is to suggest the raw consumption or with minimal cooking of these plants to avoid changes caused by thermal treatment.
Experiences of women who faced a pregnancy between 35 and 45 years of age / Experiencias de mulheres ao vivenciarem uma gravidez entre 35 e 45 anos de idade
Authors: Tavares Maria Érica Leite , Freitas Adrielly Moura Sousa de , Davim Rejane Marie Barbosa , Alencar Lima Thoyama Nadja Félix de , Santos Caldas Mona Lisa Lopes dos , Oliveira Luciana Ferreira Monteiro e
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: identificar a experiência de mulheres ao vivenciarem uma gravidez tardia. Método: estudo descritivo, quantitativo, desenvolvido no município de Ouro Velho-PB, com mulheres na faixa etária entre 35 a 45 anos de idade. A amostra gerou em torno de 19 mulheres que engravidaram nesta faixa etária, cadastradas na Unidade Básica de Saúde da Família do município. Resultados: observou-se que a maioria estava entre 35 a 40 anos (58%), casadas, pardas e ensino superior, entretanto, a gravidez tardia possibilitou significados na vida destas mulheres, permeadas de sentimentos de satisfação pessoal, familiar, possibilitando maior segurança na relação com o companheiro, família e bebê. Conclusão: identificou-se complicações como hipertensão, prematuridade, aborto e pós-datismo, que influenciaram no tipo da via de parto, sendo a cesariana a de maior evidência. O preparo psicológico para a maternidade nessa faixa etária é acompanhado de sentimentos de desejo, alegria, ansiedade e medo do desconhecido.
Construction of a calendar for people with hypertension for self-care in the hospital - home transition / Construção de calendário à pessoa com hipertensão para o cuidado/ autocuidado na transição hospital – domicílio
Authors: Fava Silvana Maria Coelho Leite , Silveira Letícia Kühn , Carvalho-Peloso Bianca de Moura , Dázio Eliza Maria Rezende , Freitas Patrícia Scotini , Morais Camila Mendonça de
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: descrever a construção de um material educativo em forma de calendário para o autocuidado às pessoas com hipertensão arterial no processo de transição hospital-domicílio. Método: estudo metodológico fundamentado em critérios para a elaboração de materiais educativos, na revisão de escopo, nos princípios da literacia em saúde e da Andragogia. Resultados: construção do calendário ilustrado, com os temas: definições da hipertensão arterial; valores da pressão arterial; técnica para a medida da pressão arterial; estratégias para o controle da pressão arterial; tratamento não farmacológico e farmacológico da hipertensão e direitos da pessoa com Hipertensão arterial. Conclusão: a construção do material educativo no formato de calendário às pessoas com hipertensão arterial no processo de transição hospital- domicílio pode contribuir para a continuidade dos cuidados, com potencial para a pessoa cuidar melhor de si.
Challenges in leprosy control actions in brazilian basic care / Desafios nas ações de controle da hanseníase na atenção básica brasileira
Authors: Martini Larissa Genuíno Carneiro , Meneses Aisha Sthefany Silva de , Pessoa Júnior João Mário , Marcolino Emanuella de Castro , Chaves Ana Elisa Pereira , Clementino Francisco de Sales
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: analisar as ações de controle da hanseníase na Atenção Básica no Brasil, a partir da avaliação externa do Programa de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica (PMAQ-AB). Método: estudo transversal de abordagem quantitativa realizado a partir de dados secundários coletados junto as equipes de profissionais do PMAQ-AB, 2º ciclo. Resultados: a região Centro-Oeste com maior percentual de equipes com casos registrados de hanseníase(71,20%), sendo a que mais realiza diagnóstico de casos novos(90,2%); grande parte das equipes refere a existência da ficha de notificação(85,9%) e segue acompanhamento do tratamento dos usuários(95,2%); o Sudeste aparece como a região que menos faz busca ativa de faltosos do tratamento(83%); quanto a vigilância intradomiciliar, a maioria dos profissionais entrevistados afirma realizá-la(94,8%). Conclusão: reforça-se a necessidade de melhorias do trabalho das equipes para o atendimento integral às pessoas com hanseníase.