bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zarawand Mudharaj (Aristolochia rotunda Linn.), an important medicinal plant used in Unani system of medicine: A review
Authors: Ansari Athar Parvez , Ansari Huzaifa , Butt Tariq Ahmad , Qayoom Ifra , Ahmed N. Zaheer
Published: November 2021

Background: Zarawand Mudharaj (Aristolochia rotunda L.) belongs to family Aristolochiaceae. According to Unani scholars, it is a female plant of Aristolochia fontanesii Boiss. & Reut. (Syn. A. longa L.), usually found growing in Mediterranean regions, Central Asia and South Europe.

Purpose of the review: The main aim of this review is to highlight various aspects of Zarawand Mudharaj such as temperament, botanical description, pharmacological properties, therapeutic uses etc, as mentioned in Unani literature that will ultimately guide researchers to design various studies for further exploration of this important medicinal plant.

Materials and methods: The present review has been carried out through extensive literature survey of various classical Unani and botanical texts, and published papers available on different search engines. The botanical names and their synonyms were validated through ‘The Plant List’ (www.theplantlist.org).

Results: In Unani medicine, the rhizome of Zarawand Mudharaj is used for the treatment of several ailments viz. stomach and liver diseases, jaundice, cough, septic wounds, splenomegaly, gout etc. Apart from its use as single drug, it has also been added in many compound preparations viz. Anqarooya-i-Kabir, Habb-i-Rewand, Majun Falasifa, Majun Dabeedul Ward etc. A study on physicochemical standardization of rhizome of Aristolochia rotunda L. has reported the presence of moisture content, total ash, acid insoluble ash, water soluble ash, sulphated ash, alcohol and water-soluble extractive values within normal limits. The same study has also revealed that the hydro-alcoholic extract of rhizome of Aristolochia rotunda L. possesses significant hepatoprotective activity against CCl4 induced liver toxicity in albino Wistar rats. Several toxicity reports have pointed out that aristolochic acid containing herbal drugs including Aristolochia rotunda L. cause renal impairment and other serious adverse reactions. 

Conclusion: It is concluded that Aristolochia rotunda L. is widely used in Unani system of medicine. However, extensive studies on pharmacognosy, pharmacology, toxicology, phytochemistry and quality control of different parts of this potential medicinal plant have not been carried out so far. Therefore, such studies on modern scientific parameters may be conducted for further exploration so that the benefits may reach the masses.

Keywords: Zarawand Mudharaj; Aristolochia rotunda L.; Unani medicine; Hepatoprotective; Aristolochic acid; Toxicity
Vaginal delivery of clotrimazole by mucoadhesion for treatment of candidiasis
Authors: Rao Monica RP , Paul Gajanan
Published: November 2021

The aim of this study was to prepare mucoadhesive vaginal tablets of clotrimazole for treatment of vaginal candidiasis. A combination of mucoadhesive polymers like HPMC K100M, Sodium CMC, and Eudragit L100 were used in different ratios prepare solid dispersions to enhance its solubility. Tablets were prepared by the wet granulation method. Solid dispersions were evaluated for saturation solubility. All tablet batches were evaluated for weight variation, hardness, friability, drug content, swelling index, in vitro drug release study, ex vivo diffusion and mucoadhesive strength. FTIR spectra showed there was no interaction between the drug and the excipients. HPMC K100 M increased the solubility of clotrimazole in simulated vaginal fluid at pH 4.5. Eudragit L100 was shown to increase the swelling and mucoadhesive strength of the tablet, i.e., 3.03 and 3.29 g. The in vitro and ex vivo release of all 9 batches showed between 61 to 78% release in 8h. Ex vivo diffusion studies using sheep vaginal membrane showed 43 to 59% in 6h in simulated vaginal fluid. The release and flux were nearly comparable to marketed tablet i.e., Candid-V6. The drug release of all batches followed the Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetic model, and the mechanism was found to be non‐Fickian/anomalous.

Keywords: Clotrimazole, solid dispersion, HPMC K100M, Eudragit L100, Sodium CMC.
Inhibition of α-amylase activity of Chamaecrista nigricans (Vahl) Greene (Fabaceae-Caesalpinioideae) and Pseudocedrela kotschyi (Schweinf.) Harms (Meliaceae) water extracts
Authors: SANOU Yacouba , SOMDA Martin Bienvenu , OUATTARA Lassina , DRABO Flora Anne Claire , OUEDRAOGO Relwendé Justin , MEDA Roland NagTiero , OUEDRAOGO Georges Anicet
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Antioxidants and glucosidases inhibitors are interesting in diabetes mellitus prevention and its management. However, conventional drugs have a multitude of unenviable side effects. Thus, research is turning towards herbal remedies, hence this study that was interested in two plants used in the traditional treatment of diabetes in Bobo-Dioulasso. Objective: The aim was to evaluate Chamaecrista (C.) nigricans and Pseudocedrela (P.) kotschyi roots water extracts effect on sorghum α-amylase activity.

Methodology: Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were quantified using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and aluminum trichloride, respectively. FRAP, DPPH and ABTS methods were used to estimate the extracts antioxidant activity. The α-amylase inhibition tests were carried out using the glucose assay method with dinitrosalicylic acid.

Results: The C. nigricans and P. kotschyi extracts have shown strong antioxidant activities, 7031.52±15 and 8762.35±51 µmol AAE.g-1E respectively, referring to trolox using ABTS method. These extracts have also shown an inhibitory effect of 98.57% and 97.67% respectively on α-amylase activity.

Conclusion/perspectives: These plants have in vitro an interesting anti-amylasic potential. Further investigations will be necessary using a pure enzyme and a wider range of concentration of the extracts in order to determine the kinetic parameters and the fractionation by chromatography to determine the most effective fraction(s). Finally, an in vivo evaluation of the anti-diabetic effect of the extracts could be considered.

Keywords: anti α-amylase, antioxidant, Chamaecrista nigricans, Pseudocedrela kotschyi.
Systematic Review on the Effectiveness of Strategies for Increasing Insulin Bioavailability in Oral Route Delivery Systems Based on Manufacturing Techniques and Materials Used
Authors: KRISNA ADIVA PUJA , Ningrum Hendri Wahyu , Fimannuha Tamara Laily , Puspita Oktavia Eka
Published: November 2021

Diabetes is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to impaired insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. All patients with type 1 diabetes and many type 2 diabetes require insulin therapy to achieve reasonable glycemic control. During this time, insulin is given through the subcutaneous injection route because it can be destroyed by gastric acid when given orally. Until now, many studies have developed oral insulin therapy using various delivery system strategies. This systematic literature review aims to answer several questions about the effect of technique and material on increasing oral insulin bioavailability and the best technique and type of material that can produce the best oral insulin bioavailability. We searched for published articles regarding the development of oral route insulin. Bioavailability parameters were assessed based on plasma insulin levels for relative bioavailability values and/or plasma glucose levels for pharmacological bioavailability values. Conclusion: The manufacturing technique in the delivery system affects insulin stability in maintaining its conformation to provide a therapeutic effect. The type of substance affects insulin bioavailability through its properties in paving the way for insulin across various barriers in the digestive tract. To date, the best results in the development of oral insulin have obtained oral insulin bioavailability of 73.10% achieved by mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) delivery system with layer-by-layer technique coated with [poly (methacrylic acid-co-vinyl triethoxylsilane)] (PMV)].

Keywords: bioavailability, diabetes, insulin, nanoparticles, oral delivery system.
Therapeutic properties of aqueous extracts of leaves and stems bark of Prosopis africana (Guill. & Perr.) Taub. (Fabaceae) used in the management of dental caries
Authors: Bance Alimata , Sourabié Seydou , Compaoré Souleymane , Compaoré Eli , Belem-Kabre W. Leila Marie Esther , Ouedraogo Vincent , Rouamba Ablassé , Ouedraogo Noufou , Kiendrebeogo Martin
Published: November 2021

Prosopis africana  (Guill. & Perr.) Taub. (Fabaceae) is used in the herbal medicine of Burkina Faso to treat dental caries. This study aims to contribute to the valorization of the said plant by investigating the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties of aqueous leaves and stems extracts.

The inhibitory activity on lipoxygenase was used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of the extracts. The antioxidant activity of bots extracts of the plant was assessed using DPPH radical scavenging, ABTS+ radical cation decolorization. The anti-biofilm effect of the extracts was evaluated on Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300, Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAOI and the anti-Quorum sensing effect on Chromobacterium CV026.

Aqueous extracts of Prosopis africana stems show the highest content of phenolic compounds (30,04± 0,59 mgAGE/100 mg extract) while those of the leaves show the highest content of total flavonoids (3.29 ± 0.53 mgQE/100mg extract). The aqueous extract of stem bark show the strongest antioxidant activity ( IC50 = 4.58±0.07µg/ml for the ABTS) , a best Inhibitory action on activity of lipoxygenase (IC50 = 13.42 ± 1.26 μg/mL ), a highest anti-biofilm activity ( 63.6%;  at the concentration of 100µg/ml) without affecting the bacterial growth. In addition, this extract has the strongest anti-quorum sensing activity with an percentage of inhibition 53,5%.

These findings suggested that the aqueous extracts of stem bark and leaves of Prosopis africana contain promoted phytomolecules to combat dental caries infections.

Keywords : Anti-biofilm, Anti-quorum sensing, Lipoxygenase, Prosopis africana
Degenerate Quantum LDPC Codes With Good Finite Length Performance
Authors: Panteleev Pavel , Kalachev Gleb
Published: November 2021

We study the performance of medium-length quantum LDPC (QLDPC) codes in the depolarizing channel. Only degenerate codes with the maximal stabilizer weight much smaller than their minimum distance are considered. It is shown that with the help of OSD-like post-processing the performance of the standard belief propagation (BP) decoder on many QLDPC codes can be improved by several orders of magnitude. Using this new BP-OSD decoder we study the performance of several known classes of degenerate QLDPC codes including hypergraph product codes, hyperbicycle codes, homological product codes, and Haah's cubic codes. We also construct several interesting examples of short generalized bicycle codes. Some of them have an additional property that their syndromes are protected by small BCH codes, which may be useful for the fault-tolerant syndrome measurement. We also propose a new large family of QLDPC codes that contains the class of hypergraph product codes, where one of the used parity-check matrices is square. It is shown that in some cases such codes have better performance than hypergraph product codes. Finally, we demonstrate that the performance of the proposed BP-OSD decoder for some of the constructed codes is better than for a relatively large surface code decoded by a near-optimal decoder.
TINDAK PIDANA PENGGUNAAN SOFTWARE KOMPUTER BAJAKAN DALAM UU NO. 28 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG HAK CIPTA PERSPEKTIF HUKUM PIDANA ISLAM
Authors: Munandar Saiful Aris , Abdullah Arifin , Rispalman Rispalman
Published: November 2021

Perkembangan teknologi dewasa ini semakin canggih dan maju sehingga menyebabkan dampak positif maupun negatif dalam penggunaan teknologi di lingkungan masyarakat saat ini, salah satu contohnya adalah penggunaan perangkat lunak (software) komputer. Undang-Undang No.28 Tahun 2014 mengatur tentang hak cipta untuk melindungi pencipta perangkat lunak dari pengambilan maupun penggunaan ciptaannya secara tidak sah oleh orang-orang yang tidak bertanggung jawab. Pertanyaan penelitian dalam skripsi ini meliputi bagaimana ketentuan penggunaan software komputer bajakan dalam Undang-Undang No.28 Tahun 2014 tentang Hak Cipta dan bagaimana perspektif hukum pidana Islam terhadap penggunaan software komputer bajakan dalam Undang- Undang tersebut. Untuk menjawab hal tersebut, penulis menggunakan pendekatan penelitian yuridis normatif yaitu penelitian yang dilakukan dengan cara meneliti bahan pustaka dan data sekunder belaka. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah dari penelitian kepustakaan (library research). Hasil penelitian yang di dapatkan menunjukkan bahwa software komputer adalah salah satu ciptaan yang dilindungi oleh Undang-Undang Hak Cipta No.28 Tahun 2014. Penggunaan software komputer bajakan dapat digunakan untuk kepentingan pribadi yang digunakan untuk penelitian dan pengembangan program komputer sehingga tidak melanggar hukum. Kecuali, penggunaannya yang ditujukan untuk kepentingan komersial merupakan suatu pelanggaran hak cipta yang dapat di pidanakan apabila ada pihak yang merasa dirugikan (delik aduan). Berdasarkan pasal 113 ayat (4) ketentuan pidananya yaitu, penjara paling lama 10 (sepuluh) tahun dan/atau pidana denda paling banyak Rp.4.000.000.000,00 (empat miliar rupiah) bagi pelaku pembajakan. Pembajakan hak cipta yang merugikan pencipta terhadap ciptaannya yaitu software komputer, merupakan suatu perbuatan yang dilarang dalam Islam karena hal tersebut disamakan dengan mengambil harta atau hak milik orang lain yang hukumannya berupa hukuman ta’zir yang berasal dari penguasa yang belum diatur di dalam nash atau hukum syara’.
PENCURIAN INTERNET WIFI PERSPEKTIF HADIS AHKAM (Studi Kasus di Kecamatan Syiah Kuala Kota Banda Aceh)
Authors: Yahya Faisal , Maisarah Maisarah
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini di latar belakangi oleh banyaknya kasus pencurian internet Wi-Fi yang penulis temukan terutama dikalangan mahasiswa yang sebagian besarnya berdomisili di Kecamatan Syiah Kuala Kota Banda Aceh. Faktor utama terjadinya percurian tersebut disebabkan kebutuhan interner yang tinggi dikalangan mahasiswa karena seluruh proses perkuliahan dilakukan secara online. Penelitian ini untuk menemukan bagaimana modus pencurian internet Wi-Fi di Kecamatan Syiah Kuala Kota Banda Aceh dan bagaimanakan perspektif hadis Ahkam tentang fenomena tersebut. Penggunakan metode deskriptif analisis dan dipandukan dengan penelitian lapangan yang diperoleh melalui wawancara dan observasi, sehingga dapat memaparkan dan menggambarkan hasil penelitian secara objektif terhadap keadaan yang ditemui di lapangan. Modus operandi pencurian internet Wi-Fi di Kecamata Syiah Kuala Kota Banda Aceh adalah dengan cara, pelaku menggunakan laptop atau handphone dan men-donwload beberapa software atau aplikasi tertentu yang mereka perlukan untuk menerobos sistem keamanan dan memperoleh username dan password untuk digunakan pada Wi-Fi yang ingin didapatkan akses internetnya. Perspektif hukum islam adalah jelas tidak boleh (haram) karena Wi-Fi tersebut telah diberikan keamanan khusus. Maka diharapkan kepada pelaku pencurian internet Wi-Fi untuk tidak melakukan hal yang demikian lagi dan diharapkan kepada pemilik Wi-Fi untuk melaporkannya kepada pihak yang berwajib.
No Family Company Without Family: The Professionalization of a Chinese Family Business in Hong Kong
Authors: Ling-Fung Chau Karin , Wong Heung Wah
Published: November 2021

No Family Company Without Family: The Professionalization of a Chinese Family Business in Hong Kong
The influence of family board involvement on working capital management
Authors: Franzoi Fabio
Published: November 2021

While research on long-term capital structures of family and non-family firms is well established, differences in current assets- and liabilities-management are largely under-researched. The aim of the study is to examine whether the type and degree of family involvement in the firm affect the efficiency of working capital management. Employing a partially hand-collected panel of 278 listed firms from 2000–2013 this paper analyzes the impact of family shareholders as owners, managers, and supervisors on working capital handling in Germany. The results show that primarily the share of family members in the executive board increases the length of the cash conversion cycle (CCC), particularly in smaller and non-service firms. Most notably, family management increases the inventory period (DIO). The higher average equity ratio of family firms suggests that family firms may face reduced financing pressure to address such inefficiencies in current assets and current liabilities management. Furthermore, family-managed firms may be less professional in their working capital management. The findings contribute to the literature by showing that in a country with a less investor-friendly corporate governance system, family influences on working capital management are primarily due to management presence, not plain shareholder influence. The results stress the need for researchers to consider the degree of family management involvement when analyzing the financial aspects of family firms.
A case report of an extremely rare type of cardiac tumor: Primary Cardiac Angiofibroma
Authors: Mesgarha Milad Gholizadeh , Talebi Aisa , Davani Sam Zeraatian Nejad , Shahrbabaki Ali Saberi , Mohammad Arash Pour , Zare-Mirzaie Ali
Published: November 2021

Cardiac angiofibroma is a very rare diagnosis when a patient develops an
intracardiac mass. It is a primary benign cardiac tumor with a scarcity
of information in the literature.  This case report illustrates a
26-year-old man with a complaint of chronic chest tightness who was
firstly diagnosed with right ventricle tumor by echocardiography then
underwent cardiac MRI which confirmed the presence of a highly-vascular
tumor with radiologically benign behavior. Then his tumor was excised,
his postoperative course was uncomplicated and he was well within almost
2 months after discharge. Ultimately the histopathologic findings
demonstrated vascular and stromal tissue in favor of angiofibroma and
excluded the other diagnoses with IHC and trichrome staining. 
Angiofibroma is a benign, highly vascular tumor, mostly discovered in
the nasopharynx. When it is found in the heart, CMR and pathology are
pivotal to rule in its diagnosis. It is isointense in T1 weighted and
hyperintense in T2 weighted sequences with intense enhancement following
contrast injection. Its pathology contains an admixture of vasculatures
with CD31 positive immunoreactivity for endothelial cells and fibrotic
tissue with bluish coloration in trichrome staining. Eventually, its
treatment includes merely surgical excision given its benign nature.
Possibilities of plant nutrient recycling in energy grass plantations = Augu barības elementu reciklācijas iespējas enerģētisko zālaugu plantācijās
Authors:   ,   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Rancane Sarmite
Published: November 2021

To develop the scientific work, field trials were performed at the Research Institute of Agronomy of the Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, in Skriveri in the time period from 2012 to 2016. Hypothesis of the thesis By using by-products of bioenergy production in fertilisation - fermentation residues or digestate and wood ash, it is possible to partially cover the requirements of energy grasses for nutrients, as well as to ensure their reuse. The aim of the thesis To find out the possibilities of growing reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) 'Bamse' and festulolium (× Festulolium pabulare) 'Felina' for energy production by using bioenergy production by-products in fertilisation – fermentation residues or digestate and wood ash, as well as to study possibilities of plant nutrient reuse in the system: soil – plants – digestate / ash – soil – plants. Research tasks 1. To evaluate digestate and wood ash as energy grasses fertilisers. 2. To find out the optimal norm and the regime of use of digestate in reed canary grass fertilisation. 3. To study the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium circulation cycle in the system: soil – plants – digestate / ash – soil – plants. 4. To perform economic evaluation of reed canary grass and festulolium fertilisation. The structure of the research paper Chapter 1 - The literature review includes five subchapters. The chapter provides a brief overview of bioenergy production technologies, examines perennial grasses in the context of bioenergy production, evaluates agrotechnical measures to ensure adequate grass biomass yield and quality for biogas and fuel feedstock production, examines plant nutrient circulation in bioenergy crop production systems, and provides agronomic assessment of by-product – digestate and ash fertiliser for use in energy grass plantations. Chapter 2 - Materials and Methods includes two subchapters. The chapter describes the methodology of test establishment, the studied material, the observations and analyzes performed, describes the meteorological conditions and describes the statistical analysis of data. Chapter 3 - The results and discussion include six subsections. The chapter analyzes the obtained results on reed canary grass and festulolium yield and changes in yield structure and quality due to the use of different fertilisers, norms and regimes, performing grassland dry matter yield inventory by mowing once and twice a year. The remove of plant nutrients from soil with dry matter yield, as well as changes in soil agrochemical parameters due to fertilisation were evaluated. An economic evaluation of reed canary grass and festulolium fertilisation has been performed. The conclusions include answers to the research tasks. The paper contains 34 tables, 41 figures, 53 annexes and 353 scientific source references.
Extraction of image parking spaces in intelligent video surveillance systems
Authors: Bohush Rykhard , Ablameyko Sergey , Kalganova Tatiana , Yarashevich Pavel
Published: November 2021

This paper discusses the algorithmic framework for image parking lot localization and classification for the video intelligent parking system. Perspective transformation, adaptive Otsu's binarization, mathematical morphology operations, representation of horizontal lines as vectors, creating and filtering vertical lines, and parking space coordinates determination are used for the localization of parking spaces in a~video frame. The algorithm for classification of parking spaces is based on the Histogram of Oriented Descriptors (HOG) and the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier. Parking lot descriptors are extracted based on HOG. The overall algorithmic framework consists of the following steps: vertical and horizontal gradient calculation for the image of the parking lot, gradient module vector and orientation calculation, power gradient accumulation in accordance with cell orientations, blocking of cells, second norm calculations, and normalization of cell orientation in blocks. The parameters of the descriptor have been optimized experimentally. The results demonstrate the improved classification accuracy over the class of similar algorithms and the proposed framework performs the best among the algorithms proposed earlier to solve the parking recognition problem.
Flotator Oxal as the plasticizer for suspension PVC
Authors: Trifonova Irina , Rodicheva Julia , Sheveleva Anna , Burmistrov Vladimir , Koifman Oscar
Published: November 2021

Flotator Oxal, a mixture of dioxane ethers and alcohols, was studied as a plasticizer for suspension PVC in comparison with the well-known dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DOP). The rheological parameters and gelation ability of the plasticizers were determined, and the values of the storage modulus and tangent of mechanical loss angle in the glassy and rubbery states were measured by the DMA method, and the glass transition temperatures were determined. The deformation-strength properties and rigidity of polymer films were tested before and after light-thermal aging. Oxal was shown to reveal a fairly low viscosity and high gelation properties in relation to PVC. At the same time, its ability to reduce the glass transition temperature and elasticize the polymer in the glassy and rubbery state is somewhat lower than that of phthalate plasticizers. PVC samples plasticized with DBP have the highest resistance to light-thermal aging.
Policy Uncertainty and Textual Disclosure
Authors: Jiang Liangliang , Pittman Jeffrey A. , Saffar Walid
Published: November 2021

SYNOPSIS

We study how policy uncertainty influences textual disclosure in the U.S. from 1996 to 2015. Consistent with incentives for voluntary disclosure, we find that policy uncertainty increases textual disclosure quantity, as evident in disclosure length, but lowers textual readability and increases the tone of uncertainty and negativity. We also document that the negative impact on readability subsides when firms are subject to tough external monitoring. Finally, we provide evidence implying that investors perceive such disclosure to be valuable, as evident in cheaper equity financing costs under economic policy uncertainty.

JEL Classifications: D72; G14; G18; G34.
Adult-onset Still’s Disease Secondary to Cytophagic Histiocytic Panniculitis
Authors: Yoshida Ai , Sugita Kazunari , Yamada Nanako , Goto Hiroyuki , Yamamoto Osamu
Published: November 2021

Abstract is missing (Short communication)
Living Quran: Konstruksi Metode Tahfidz Al-Quran Di Majelis Qiraah Wat Tahfidz Pondok Pesantren Murattil Al-Quran Lirboyo Kota Kediri
Authors: Zulfikar Eko
Published: November 2021

The maintenance of the Qurâ€™an from the past until now gives an indication that Muslims are obliged to always maintain and keep it, by reading, writing or memorizing. It aims to keep the Qurâ€™an on its authenticity throughout the lifetime of change and replacement. This paper will discuss the method of tahfidz al-Qurâ€™an in the Majelis Qiraâ€™ah wat Tahfidz (MQT) pondok pesantren Murattil al-Qurâ€™an (PPMQ) in Lirboyo, Kediri. This research was conducted with a qualitative approach. The data collection was through interviews, observation and documentation techniques. The results concluded that the MQT Assembly used various methods in the activities of tahfidz al-Qurâ€™an, which was to read and memorize verses of the Qurâ€™an collectively (jamaâ€™), read carefully one by one the verses of the Qurâ€™an that would be memorized by looking at the Qurâ€™an repeatedly (wah}dah and bi al-nadzar), depositing a new memorization to ustadz or kiyai (talaqqi), memorizing back verses of the Qurâ€™an that had been deposited to ustadz or kiyai (takrir), and playing rote to the other santri (tasmiâ€™).
Hijab dalam Pandangan Muslimah
Authors: Kartikaningrum Ken Ayu
Published: November 2021

This article discusses the hijab in the view of the Muslim community Caring for the Hijab Purwokerto. This research is a type of field research. In analyzing data, the instruments that researchers use are in-depth interviews, observations, and data that researchers get from journals, books, and newspapers. Researchers, in this case, use the Social Construction Theory from Peter L Berger's theory. This theory is more focused on the meaning and joint interpretation constructed in community networks. From the research conducted, the researchers focused on two main things, namely: (1) The view of the Muslim community caring for Hijab Purwokerto on the hijab. (2) Genealogy of Muslim Hijab Care for Hijab Purwokerto community understanding hijab
A Review on the Application and Morphology of Organic Corrosion Inhibitors
Authors: Rayeg Olivia , Petrus Clotilda , Marajan Caroline , Tawie Rudy , Na Wongi S. , Huap Ang Chung , Nyuin Joe
Published: November 2021

Corrosion is a major challenge in construction technology and manufacturing industry. It does not only reduce the aesthetics of a building but also weakens the structure. Structural weakness caused by rust leads to the reduction in the durability of reinforced concrete.  Various efforts and research ranging from prevention to maintenance process are being carried out globally to overcome this problem. Due to the increased awareness of the importance of preserving the environment for health and ecological system, studies are increasingly focused on the use of environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitor. This paper discusses several conditioning methods of using organic corrosion inhibitors in concrete reinforcement. It also takes a close look at the effect of every conditioning method towards the reinforced concrete strength and the mechanism to improve it. The migrating and admixed corrosion inhibitors (MCI) conditioning methods is considered as the best solution so far to enhance corrosion resistance performance that contributes to superior reinforced concrete mechanical strength.
A Systematic Review of the Effectiveness, Content, and Usage Patterns of Mobile Mental Health Interventions on Smartphone Platforms for Anxiety Symptoms
Authors: Turan Numan , Çetintaş Şeyda
Published: November 2021

"This systematic review aims to examine the content, usage pattern and
efficacy of mobile mental health interventions in reducing anxiety
symptoms. A search of 10 electronic databases returned 44 408 studies in
total and 27 studies met the inclusion criteria, including 4460 participants in
total. The rate of attrition was 27% (SD = 22) among the participants who
initiated the app use. The rate of significant reductions in measures of anxiety
symptoms was 87% from within-subjects pretest to posttest assessments, yet
this rate dropped to 46% when compared to a waitlist/control group. A vast
majority of the studies used cognitive and/or behavioral interventions (N =
26, 96%), a few studies included professional support (N = 11, 41%), a
structured form of delivering the interventions (N = 8, 30%) or tailored it to
users’ needs (N = 6, 22%). Few studies reported the actual time spent on the
app per week (N = 4, M = 63.76, SD = 62.17). The mobile mental health
interventions were effective in reducing anxiety symptoms, yet this
effectiveness eroded compared to control groups. There is a need to develop
consistent ways of reporting the usage patterns and testing evidence-based
interventions other than cognitive behavioral treatments."
"Pandemic Dreams are Susceptible to Priming and Unrelated
to COVID-19 Exposure"
Authors: Gallagher Shawn Patrick , Incelli Nicholas A.
Published: November 2021

"Surveys that have recruited participants through social media and news
websites have led researchers and clinicians to conclude that the COVID-19
pandemic has precipitated a parallel pandemic of nightmares that reflect
pandemic-induced psychological distress. Many of these surveys were
administered to participants who intentionally opted into research knowing
that the investigators were soliciting pandemic dream reports. This
investigation surveyed 193 college students who were blind to the purpose
of the study to assess the prevalence of pandemic dreams and to determine if
the wording of the questions could shape responses. Fewer than half could
recall a dream. Reports were brief, susceptible to priming, and unrelated to
personal SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 exposure. Although this sample was not
truly random, it is probably more representative of the US population than
those recruited through thematic websites. Clinicians should be aware of
problems inherent in survey research and understand how their words can
shape client responses."
Dupla invisibilidade: a educação de meninas surdas do século XIX no Brasil
Authors: Sofiato Cássia Geciauskas , Menezes Roni Cleber Dias de
Published: November 2021

A fundação do Imperial Instituto dos Surdos-Mudos, no século XIX, no Rio de Janeiro, deu início à educação de surdos no Brasil. A referida instituição tinha como finalidade a regeneração intelectual e moral de pessoas com surdez e acolhia, desde a sua origem, alunos e alunas surdas de acordo com o previsto para a educação das camadas populares e prescrições existentes à época sobre gênero. Dada a invisibilidade a respeito da educação de meninas surdas na literatura da área da Educação Especial, este estudo teve como objetivo delinear e refletir sobre o percurso da educação de meninas surdas no Imperial Instituto de Surdos-Mudos de 1857 a 1873. Diante disso, a pesquisa possui uma abordagem qualitativa e é do tipo estudo documental. O corpus foi constituído por fontes de natureza primária, a saber: relatórios dos diretores da instituição e de ministros e secretários de Estado dos Negócios do Império, publicações oficiais, além de leis que versavam sobre a instrução pública no período. Por meio do estudo foi possível constatar que o processo de instrução de meninas surdas era semelhante, em alguns aspectos, ao praticado com meninas ouvintes que tinham a mesma origem socioeconômica e cor de pele. A educação de meninas surdas foi extinta a partir de 1873 no referido Instituto por uma série de motivos, entre eles a falta de estrutura para o atendimento às alunas.
Wielkość i jakość plonu nasion rzepaku ozimego w zależności od typu odmiany
Authors: Jarecki Wacław
Published: November 2021

Celem badań była ocena wielkości i jakości plonu nasion rzepaku ozimego w zależności od typu odmiany. Doświadczenie polowe przeprowadzono metodą losowanych bloków, a założone zostało w Podkarpackim Ośrodku Doradztwa Rolniczego w Boguchwale. Warunki pogodowe w latach badań były zróżnicowane i miały wpływ na plonowanie rzepaku ozimego. W 2017 r. plon nasion wyniósł 4,18 t·ha–1, zaś w latach 2018 i 2019 był niższy odpowiednio o 0,66 i 0,23 t·ha–1. Poszczególne odmiany różniły się istotnie komponentami plonu. Najwyżej plonowała odmiana ‘Kuga F1’, a istotnie niżej ‒ odmiany ‘ES Valegro’ i ‘Mentor F1’. Uzyskana różnica wyniosła odpowiednio 0,39 i 0,54 t·ha–1. Z odmian kiłotolerancyjnych wyżej plonowała ‘DK PlatiniumF1’ w porównaniu z odmianą ‘Mentor F1’. Największą zawartość białka ogólnego oznaczono w nasionach odmiany ‘Visby F1’, a istotnie mniejszą u odmiany ‘ES Valegro’. Zawartość tłuszczu surowego w nasionach nie była zróżnicowana odmianowo. Największy plon białka wydała odmiana ‘DK Platinium F1’, a istotnie mniejszy ‘ES Valegro’, ‘Birdy’ i ‘Mentor F1’. Poza tym większym plonem białka ogólnego odznaczyły się odmiany ‘Visby F1’ i ‘Kuga F1’ w porównaniu z odmianami ‘ES Valegro’ i ‘Mentor F1’. Istotnie wyższy plon tłuszczu wydała odmiana ‘Kuga F1’ i ‘DK Platinium F1’ niż odmiany ‘Mentor F1’. Uzyskane różnice wyniosły odpowiednio 0,24 i 0,18 t·ha–1. Wyniki przeprowadzonych badań wykazały istotne różnice w wielkości i jakości plonu nasion w zależności od typu odmiany rzepaku ozimego.Celem badań była ocena wielkości i jakości plonu nasion rzepaku ozimego w zależności od typu odmiany. Doświadczenie polowe przeprowadzono metodą losowanych bloków, a założone zostało w Podkarpackim Ośrodku Doradztwa Rolniczego w Boguchwale. Warunki pogodowe w latach badań były zróżnicowane i miały wpływ na plonowanie rzepaku ozimego.W 2017 r. plon nasion wyniósł 4,18 t·ha–1, zaś w latach 2018 i 2019 był niższy odpowiednio o 0,66 i 0,23 t·ha–1. Poszczególne odmiany różniły się istotnie komponentami plonu. Najwyżej plonowała odmiana ‘Kuga F1’, a istotnie niżej ‒ odmiany ‘ES Valegro’ i ‘Mentor F1’. Uzyskana różnica wyniosła odpowiednio 0,39 i 0,54 t·ha–1. Z odmian kiłotolerancyjnych wyżej plonowała ‘DK Platinium F1’ w porównaniu z odmianą ‘Mentor F1’. Największą zawartość białka ogólnego oznaczono w nasionach odmiany ‘Visby F1’, a istotnie mniejszą u odmiany ‘ES Valegro’. Zawartość tłuszczu surowego w nasionach nie była zróżnicowana odmianowo. Największy plon białka wydała odmiana ‘DK Platinium F1’, a istotnie mniejszy ‘ES Valegro’, ‘Birdy’ i ‘Mentor F1’. Poza tym większym plonem białka ogólnego odznaczyły się odmiany ‘Visby F1’ i ‘Kuga F1’ w porównaniu z odmianami ‘ES Valegro’ i ‘Mentor F1’. Istotnie wyższy plon tłuszczu wydała odmiana ‘Kuga F1’ i ‘DK Platinium F1’ niż odmiany ‘Mentor F1’. Uzyskane różnice wyniosły odpowiednio 0,24 i 0,18 t·ha–1. Wynikiprzeprowadzonych badań wykazały istotne różnice w wielkości i jakości plonu nasion w zależnościod typu odmiany rzepaku ozimego.
Effect of foliar fertilization using micronutrient fertilizers on the content of nitrates(V), nitrites(III) in potato tubers
Authors: Bienia Bernadetta , Sawicka Barbara Helena , Krochmal-Marczak Barbara
Published: November 2021

The research was based on a 3-year field experiment carried out in south-eastern Poland, in 2013‒2015, on brown, slightly acidic soil. The experiment was established by the randomized subblock method, where the first-order factors were foliar fertilization: (A) Fortis Duotop Zn Mn + Fortis Aminotop, (B) Fortis B Mo + Ferti Agro, (C) Fortis Zn Mn + Fortis B Mo and (0) standard object, without foliar fertilization. The factors of the second order were 4 edible potato cultivars (‘Viviana’, ‘Vineta’, ‘Jelly’ and ‘Agnes’). Foliar application of all fertilizer combinations contributed to the reduction of the content of nitrates and nitrites in potato tubers. However, the response of cultivars to foliar fertilization was varied. The medium late cultivar ‘Jelly’ was characterized by the lowest tendency to accumulate nitrates, while the early cultivar ‘Vineta’ was the highest. The highest content of both nitrates and nitrites in tubers was recorded in the dry year, with a significant shortage of rainfall during the potato growing season, and the lowest in the year, about wet June, and September.
Development of an efficient in vitro callus proliferation protocol for edible wild rhubarb (Rheum ribes L.)
Authors: Tuncer Burcu
Published: November 2021

Rheum ribes L. is a perennial wild species. Young shoots and flower bunches are freshly consumed, and root and rhizomes are generally used for medicinal purposes. The aim of the present study was to improve the callus proliferation protocol for R. ribes L. under in vitro conditions. For callus induction, hypocotyl explants taken from 14-day old plantlets germinated in Murashige and Skoog (MS) media were cultured in MS media with 9 plant growth regulator (PGR) combinations containing 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) (2, 3, and 4 mg/L) + naphthylacetic acid (NAA) (0.1, 0.5, and 1 mg/L). Then, for callus proliferation, 4 PGR combinations containing NAA (0.2 mg/L) + thidiazuron (TDZ) (0.5, 1, 2, and 3 mg) were used in the first set of experiments, and 36 PGR combinations containing BAP (1, 2, 3, and 4 mg/L) + indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) (0.2, 0.5, and 1 mg/L), BAP (1, 2, 3, and 4 mg/L) + NAA (0.2, 0.5, and 1 mg/L), and TDZ (1, 2, 3, and 4 mg/L) + NAA (0.2, 0.5, and 1 mg/L) were used in the second set of experiments. At the end of the second set of experiments, the greatest callus regeneration ratios were obtained due to the combinations including BAP and IBA as well as the low-dose TDZ- (especially 1 mg/L) and NAA- (0.2, 0.5, 1 mg/L) combinations. Regarding callus fresh weights, TDZ + NAA combinations were found to be more successful. The greatest callus fresh weight (12.7 ±0.4 g) was obtained from MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/L TDZ and 0.2 mg/L NAA.
PERUBAHAN DIMENSI BAHAN CETAK ALGINAT DENGAN PELARUT EKSTRAK KAYU MANIS (Cinnamomum burmannii)
Authors: Murdiyanto Dendy , Putra Vega Rasiditya Andryant
Published: November 2021

Bahan cetak alginat kedokteran gigi dapat menjadi media penularan infeksi dan mudah mengalami perubahan dimensi. Metode disinfeksi alternatif perlu dilakukan dengan mencampurkan bahan alam kayu manis (Cinnamomum burmannii) yang memiliki manfaat anti fungi dan anti bakteri serta bersifat desinfektan sebagai pelarut bahan cetak alginat tanpa mempengaruhi dimensi. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak kayu manis (Cinnamomum burmannii) sebagai pelarut bahan cetak alginat terhadap perubahan dimensi dan mengetahui pengaruh peningkatan konsentrasi ekstrak kayu manis (Cinnamomum burmannii) sebagai pelarut bahan cetak alginat terhadap perubahan dimensi. Desain penelitian posttest-only control group design dengan cara mengukur selisih volume akhir dengan volume awal menggunakan jangka sorong ketelitian 0,01 mm. Kelompok perlakuan larutan ekstrak kayu manis dibagi menjadi 5 konsentrasi yaitu kontrol, 5%, 10%, 20%, dan 40%. Hasil penelitian dengan uji One-Way ANOVA menunjukkan nilai p=0,066 (p0,05) yang berarti tidak terdapat pengaruh ekstrak kayu manis sebagai pelarut bahan cetak alginat terhadap perubahan dimensi. Simpulan penelitian bahwa ekstrak kayu manis (Cinnamomum burmannii) sebagai pelarut bahan cetak alginat tidak berpengaruh terhadap perubahan dimensi. Peningkatan konsentrasi ekstrak kayu manis (Cinnamomum burmannii) hingga 40% sebagai pelarut bahan cetak alginat juga tidak berpengaruh terhadap perubahan dimensi.
HUBUNGAN DIMENSI VERTIKAL TERHADAP KUALITAS HURUF BILABIAL PADA PASIEN PEMAKAI GIGI TIRUAN LENGKAP DI RSGM UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Rohmah Fathur , Andryas Ika
Published: November 2021

Edentulus penuh adalah kehilangan seluruh gigi pada rahang atas dan rahang bawah yang dapat di atasi dengan gigi tiruan. Pembuatan gigi tiruan disarankan agar dapat membantu memroses makanan serta mengembalikan fungsi bicara yang mengharuskan dokter gigi menggunakan kemampuan berbicara sebagai pengetahuan klinis tentang peranan faktor fonetik dalam pembuatan gigi tiruan. Dimensi vertikal merupakan salah satu faktor yang memengaruhi suara pada pasien pemakai gigi tiruan lengkap. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat adanya hubungan dimensi vertikal pada pasien pemakai gigi tiruan lengkap terhadap kualitas huruf bilabial. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah penelitian analitik dengan menggunakan metode cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel penelitian dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling pada pasien edentulous lengkap di klinik Prostodonsia Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut Universitas Sumatera Utara tahun 2017-2019 yang telah memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi sebanyak 30 orang. Data dianalisis dengan uji T berpasangan dan uji wilcoxon range test. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa adanya hubungan signifikan antara dimensi vertikal terhadap kualitas huruf [b] dan tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan antara dimensi vertikal terhadap kualitas huruf [m] pada pemakai gigi tiruan lengkap.
PERAWATAN KANDIDIASIS ORAL PADA PASIEN HIV/AIDS (Studi Pustaka)
Authors: Rezeki Sri , Rahmayanti Febrina
Published: November 2021

Kandidiasis oral merupakan infeksi jamur oportunistik yang paling sering terjadi pada pasien HIV/AIDS. Terdapat beberapa obat antijamur yang dapat digunakan dalam perawatan kandidiasis oral pada pasien HIV/AIDS, namun pemilihannya tergantung beberapa faktor, seperti perluasan lesi, keparahan penyakit, kondisi asam lambung, level supresi imun, farmakodinamik/farmakokinetik, interaksi obat, resistensi, dan tingkat kepatuhan pasien. Namun, kandidiasis oral refractory dapat terjadi yaitu kegagalan dalam merespon perawatan dengan antijamur. Pada kasus seperti ini, identifikasi Candida dari daerah orofaring dapat membantu membedakan penyebab kegagalan lain secara mikrobiologis. Pasien AIDS diketahui mengalami hypochlorhydria dan peningkatan pH lambung, sehingga berpotensi terjadi penurunan absorpsi dan bioavailabilitas beberapa obat antijamur. Pasien dengan kondisi ini dapat diberikan flukonazol oral karena tidak tergantung pada pH lambung, dapat diabsorpsi dengan cepat, serta memiliki bioavailabilitas tinggi, sehingga flukonazol lebih unggul dibandingkan golongan azol lain dan antijamur topikal seperti nistatin supsensi oral maupun klotrimazol troches. Larutan itrakonazol dan posakonazol dapat dijadikan terapi second-line yang dapat digunakan, selain itu peningkatan imunitas lokal dan sistemik merupakan hal yang penting dalam melawan infeksi Candida. Dengan demikian, berdasarkan tinjauan pustaka flukonazol lebih baik digunakan dalam perawatan kandidiasis oral pada pasien HIV/AIDS.
GINGIVEKTOMI PEMBESARAN GINGIVA PASIEN ORTODONTIK (Laporan Kasus)
Authors: Sopiatin Siti , Komara Ira , Hendiani Ina , Pribadi Indra Mustika Setia
Published: November 2021

Pembesaran gingiva merupakan keadaan yang sering dijumpai pada pasien yang sedang menggunakan piranti ortodonti cekat. Pada pasien tertentu, penggunaan piranti ortodonti cekat dapat memicu terjadinya pembesaran gingiva yang dapat menyulitkan pemeliharaan kebersihan mulut sehingga menimbulkan terjadinya inflamasi gingiva serta mengganggu fungsi estetik. Pasien wanita usia 18 tahun datang ke Klinik Periodonsia Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut Universitas Padjadjaran dengan keluhan utama gingiva membesar pada seluruh regio rahang bawah sejak ± 1 tahun yang lalu, tidak ada riwayat mengecil, dan tidak terasa sakit. Pada saat pemeriksaan intra oral, gusi rahang atas juga terlihat menutupi sebagian permukaan gigi meskipun tidak tampak membengkak, tetapi menyebabkan gigi terlihat lebih pendek. Pasien menggunakan piranti ortodonti cekat sejak ± 3 tahun yang lalu. Gingivektomi efektif dalam mengatasi pembesaran gingiva pada pasien yang sedang menggunakan piranti ortodonti cekat. Terapi tersebut bertujuan untuk menghilangkan poket gingiva, mencegah inflamasi dan penyakit periodontal tahap lanjut, serta mengembalikan fungsi estetik.
KONSENTRASI HAMBAT DAN BUNUH MINIMUM FORMULA HIDROGEL EKSTRAK DAUN TIN (Ficus carica) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Arbi Teuku Ahmad , Afrina Afrina , Guntara Dewa Judhistira
Published: November 2021

Staphylococcus aureus merupakan patogen yang menyebabkan berbagai infeksi sekunder seperti infeksi pada kulit dan jaringan lunak di rongga mulut, dilaporkan bahwa S. aureus berperan dalam kegagalan implan gigi, menginfeksi perawatan saluran akar dan juga dapat berkolonisasi pada mukosa pengguna gigi tiruan. Daun Tin (Ficus carica) yang diekstrak dibuat dalam sedian hidrogel dan dapat dijadikan obat karena memiliki kandungan senyawa aktif seperti alkaloid, flavonoid, kumarin, saponin, polifenol dan tanin yang dapat menghambat dan membunuh bakteri dan berfungsi sebagai antibakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum (KHM) dan Konsentrasi Bunuh Minimum (KBM) formula hidrogel ekstrak daun Tin terhadap pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus. Daun Tin diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi, selanjutnya dilakukan uji konsentrasi hambat dan bunuh minimum dengan metode dilusi. Berdasarkan hasil uji Kruskal-Wallis diperoleh nilai P = 0,76 (P0,05) yang menunjukan tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara kelompok perlakuan terhadap pertumbuhan S. aureus. Hasil perlakuan menunjukan nilai tertinggi sampai terendah yaitu kontrol negatif, 5%, 25%, 50% dan kontrol positif. Kesimpulan penelitian ini didapatkan konsentrasi formula hidrogel ekstrak daun Tin dalam menghambat S. aureus adalah pada konsentrasi 5%, dan pada konsentrasi 50% tidak menunjukan hasil uji yang sama seperti kontrol positif.