bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In Vitro Efficacy of Aqueous and Methanol Extract of Cassia siamea Against
the Motility of Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Gagman Haladu Ali , Nik Him Nik Ahmad Irwan Izzauddin , Ahmad Hamdan , Sulaiman Shaida Fariza , Zakaria Rahmad , Meor Termizi Farah Haziqah
Published: October 2020

Gastrointestinal nematode infections can cause great losses in revenue due to decrease livestock production and animal death. The use of anthelmintic to control gastrointestinal nematode put a selection pressure on nematode populations which led to emergence of anthelmintic resistance. Because of that, this study was carried out to investigate the efficacy of aqueous and methanol extract of Cassia siamea against the motility of C. elegans Bristol N2 and C. elegans DA1316. Caenorhabditis elegans Bristol N2 is a susceptible strain and C. elegans DA1316 is an ivermectin resistant strain. In vitro bioassay of various concentrations of (0.2, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 and 2.0 mg mL–1) aqueous and methanol extracts of C. siamea was conducted against the motility of L4 larvae of C. elegans Bristol N2 and C. elegans DA1316. The L4 larvae were treated with 0.02 μg mL–1 of ivermectin served as positive control while those in M9 solution served as negative control. The activity of the extracts was observed after 24 h and 48 h. A significant difference was recorded in the extract performance compared to control at (P < 0.001) after 48 h against the motility of the larvae of both strains. The methanol extracts inhibited the motility of C. elegans Bristol N2 by 86.7% as well as DA1316 up to 84.9% at 2.0 mg mL–1 after 48 h. The methanol extract was more efficient than aqueous extract (P < 0.05) against the motility of both strains of C. elegans. Cassia siamea may be used as a natural source of lead compounds for the development of alternative anthelmintic against parasitic nematodes as well ivermectin resistant strains of nematodes.
Genetic Diversity of Pineapple (Ananas comosus) Germplasm in Malaysia
Using Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) Markers
Authors: Ismail Siti Norhayati , Abdul Ghani Nurul Shamimi , Ab. Razak Shahril Firdaus , Zainal Abidin Rabiatul Adawiah , Mohd Yusof Muhammad Fairuz , Zubir Mohd Nizam , Zainol Rozlaily
Published: October 2020

Assessments of genetic diversity have been claimed to be significantly efficient in utilising and managing resources of genetic for breeding programme. In this study, variations in genetic were observed in 65 pineapple accessions gathered from germplasm available at Malaysian Agriculture Research and Development Institute (MARDI) located in Pontian, Johor via 15 markers of simple sequence repeat (SSR). The results showed that 59 alleles appeared to range from 2.0 to 6.0 alleles with a mean of 3.9 alleles per locus, thus displaying polymorphism for all samples at a moderate level. Furthermore, the values of polymorphic information content (PIC) had been found to range between 0.104 (TsuAC035) and 0.697 (Acom_9.9), thus averaging at the value of 0.433. In addition, the expected and the observed heterozygosity of each locus seemed to vary within the ranges of 0.033 to 0.712, and from 0.033 to 0.885, along with the average values of 0.437 and 0.511, respectively. The population structure analysis via method of delta K (ΔK), along with mean of L (K) method, revealed that individuals from the germplasm could be divided into two major clusters based on genetics (K = 2), namely Group 1 and Group 2. As such, five accessions (Yankee, SRK Chalok, SCK Giant India, SC KEW5 India and SC1 Thailand) were clustered in Group 1, while the rest were clustered in Group 2. These outcomes were also supported by the dendrogram, which had been generated through the technique of unweighted pair group with arithmetic mean (UPGMA). These analyses appear to be helpful amongst breeders to maintain and to manage their collections of germplasm. Besides, the data gathered in this study can be useful for breeders to exploit the area of genetic diversity in estimating the level of heterosis.
Prevalence of Fusarium Wilt Disease of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus Linn) in Peninsular Malaysia Caused by Fusarium oxysporum and F. solani
Authors: Mohd Din Hazirah , Rashed Osamah , Ahmad Khairulmazmi
Published: October 2020

Fusarium wilt disease is one of the most problematic and destructive disease in cucumber production. The causative agents are Fusarium oxysporum and F. solani. These pathogens are soil borne and transmitted through infested soil and water. A field survey was conducted to study the disease prevalence in the major growing areas of cucumber in Peninsular Malaysia. Field study revealed that the disease was highly prevalence in the field with the disease incidence was in the range of 10%–60%. The morphological properties of F. oxysporum are microconidia (3.8–15.7 μm × 2.9–4.9 μm), macroconidia (14.8–38.5 μm × 2.4–5.7 μm) and number of septate was 1–4. While for F. solani are microconidia (3.39–14.63 μm × 2.36–4.44 μm), macroconidia (7.22–50.46 μm × 2.43–6.14 μm) and number of septate was 1–5. Based on molecular identification had confirmed that the disease is caused by F. oxysporum and F. solani with similarity index of 99%–100% based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene sequences. The pathogenicity test showed that the symptoms of Fusarium wilt disease was firstly appeared as yellowing of old leaves. Progressively, the infected plant will be wilted and finally died. The outputs of this study are highly important to establish an effective disease management programme to reduce disease prevalence and yield loss in the field.
Schrödinger approach to Mean Field Games with negative coordination
Authors: Bonnemain Thibault , Gobron Thierry , Ullmo Denis
Published: October 2020

Mean Field Games provide a powerful framework to analyze the dynamics
of a large number of controlled agents in interaction. Here we consider
such systems when the interactions between agents result in a negative
coordination and analyze the behavior of the associated system of
coupled PDEs using the now well established correspondence with the non
linear Schrödinger equation. We focus on the long optimization time
limit and on configurations such that the game we consider goes through
different regimes in which the relative importance of disorder,
interactions between agents and external potential vary, which makes
possible to get insights on the role of the forward-backward structure
of the Mean Field Game equations in relation with the way these various
regimes are connected.
Experience of using metaprebiotics in the treatment of certain functional gastrointestinal disorders
Authors: Minushkin O. N. , Maslovskiy L. V. , Bulanova M. I. , Gordienko E. S. , Topchiy T. B. , Beylina N. I.
Published: October 2020

Introduction. Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) occupy one of the leading positions among intestinal pathologies. At present, scientific data indicate the lack of efficiency of existing methods of FGID treatment and the need for further research. This study is devoted to the assessment of the impact of STIM Lax and STIM treatment on clinical manifestations in patients with FC and FD.

Aim of the study. Evaluation of the effectiveness of biologically active additives (BAA) STIM and STIM Laks in 39 patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders. Objectives of the study: to evaluate the effect of the drug on clinical symptoms according to an individual diary and using specialized questionnaires with a score of symptoms before and after treatment.

Materials of the research. 39 patients divided into two groups were admitted to the research. Of these, 20 patients were with FC (4 men and 16 women; mean age – 40.3 ± 8.9 years). Monotherapy with STIM Laks was conducted (1 tablet 3 times a day for 30 days), and 19 FD patients (10 men and 9 women; mean age – 36.9 ± 14.1 years). Before and after the course of treatment a carbolene sample was conducted, stool form and frequency, intensity of flatulence, purring, transfusion, abdominal pain were clinically evaluated.

Results. Therapy of FС and FD with STIM and STIM Laks effectively reduces the frequency and intensity of clinical symptoms, normalizes the transit time of the carbolene sample, the frequency of stool. Increase of flatulence was observed in 7 (17.9%) patients, its resolution within 1–3 days led to a decrease in the dose of the drug, without affecting the end result.

Conclusions. This study indicates a high efficacy and good tolerability of treatment with STIM Laks and STIM in patients with FGID.
Public policies as strategic asset management enablers: the case of Portugal
Authors: Alegre H. , Amaral R. , Brito R. S. , Baptista J. M.
Published: October 2020

Urban water supply, wastewater and storm water services (globally, water services) are essential to society. The lack of permanent, safe, and respondent services has inevitable consequences on public health and the well-being of communities, on the economy, and on the environment. Goal 6 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) recognizes this; failing to meet it necessarily affects the accomplishment of many of the other SDGs. Water services’ provision depends on expensive and long-lasting physical assets. Managing them strategically (e.g., according to the international standards on asset management, series ISO 55x and to the IWA recommendations on infrastructure asset management) is, therefore, fundamental for sustainable societies. Countries need to have sound public policies that enable asset management of water infrastructure. Portugal is a paradigmatic case. This paper elaborates on key government goals, on why asset management is important to meet them, and on key building blocks that a coherent public policy should consider in order to enable asset management of water infrastructure. It also presents how Portugal has been implementing this process, addressing the challenges that need to be overcome.
Treatment of highly turbid water in disaster conditions using coagulation-flocculation process: modeling and optimization
Authors: Nayeri Danial , Mousavi Seyyed Alireza
Published: October 2020

In the present research, the coagulation-flocculation (CF) process was used to eliminate highly turbid water in disaster conditions. To better understand the efficiency of the system, the impact of various numerical factors namely; initial turbidity (10–350 NTU), pH (5–9), coagulant dosage (50–250 mg/L), rapid mixing (120–280 rpm), slow mixing (30–50 rpm), and sedimentation time (10–50 min) were optimized through the central composite design (CCD) under response surface methodology (RSM). Based on analysis of variance (ANOVA), the quadratic model was more suitable for the dataset with R2 = 0.85 for removing turbidity. Moreover, the results of the present study revealed that the highest turbidity removal (99.14%) was observed at pH (9), alum dosage (50 mg/L), initial turbidity (350 NTU), rapid mixing (280 rpm), slow mixing (50 rpm), and sedimentation time (50 min). Furthermore, the residual turbidity at the maximum efficiency of the system was 3 NTU.
Study of the performance of support vector machine for predicting vertical drop hydraulic parameters in the presence of dual horizontal screens
Authors: Daneshfaraz Rasoul , Bagherzadeh Mohammad , Esmaeeli Reza , Norouzi Reza , Abraham John
Published: October 2020

In the present study, the performance of the support vector machine for estimating vertical drop hydraulic parameters in the presence of dual horizontal screens has been investigated. For this purpose, 120 different laboratory data were used to estimate three parameters of the drop: the relative length, the downstream relative depth, and the residual relative energy in the support vector machine. For each parameter, 12 models were analyzed by using a support vector machine. The performance of the models was evaluated with statistical criteria (R2, DC, and RMSE) and the best model was introduced for each of the parameters. The evaluation criteria for the relative length of the vertical drop equipped with dual horizontal screens for the testing stage are R2 = 0.992, DC = 0.981 and RMSE = 0.050. Also, the values of the downstream relative depth evaluation indicators for the testing stage are R2 = 0.9866, DC = 0.980 and, RMSE = 0.0064. For the residual relative energy parameter, the values of the residual relative energy evaluation indicators are R2 = 0.9949, DC = 0.9853 and RMSE = 0.0056. The results showed the capacity for this approach to predict the hydraulic performance of these systems with accuracy.
POTÊNCIA DA MEMÓRIA DAS MULHERES NA CONSTRUÇÃO DAS REPORTAGENS EM QUADRINHOS: A HISTÓRIA “OS PESADELOS DE GUANTÁNAMO”
Authors: Musse Christina Ferraz , Thomé Cláudia de Albuquerque , Rezende Laura Sanábio Freesz , Magnolo Talita Souza
Published: October 2020

O jornalismo em quadrinhos vem sendo evidenciado nos últimos anos ao se apresentar como possível gênero híbrido que viabiliza a proteção de identidades no relato de crimes. Este artigo busca entender como foi feita a representação das mulheres na reportagem em quadrinhos “Os pesadelos de Guantánamo”, disponível no site da Agência Pública de Jornalismo Investigativo. Objetiva-se compreender como os testemunhos, enquanto artifícios de memória, podem ser (re)significados através dessas histórias em quadrinhos, que possuem como fio condutor o contexto de conflitos, guerras e violência. Para tanto, vamos examinar esse material, buscando por estratégias narrativas que conseguiram expor e reconstruir as histórias das personagens, baseadas em entrevistas. Para a análise, utilizaremos a metodologia de Análise Crítica da Narrativa, de Luiz Gonzaga Motta (2013), e os referenciais teóricos de jornalismo em quadrinhos, de narrativas híbridas e de conceitos relacionados à importância da memória e do testemunho.
VIOLÊNCIA CONTRA MULHER: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: SANTOS FRANCIELLE FEITOSA DIAS
Published: October 2020

A violência contra a mulher pode ser definida como conduta baseada no gênero, que provoque morte, dano ou sofrimento físico, sexual ou psicológico à mulher, tanto no âmbito público como no privado, ocorrida seja na família ou em qualquer relação interpessoal. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho traz um estudo descritivo sobre essa temática. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo analítico através de uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre violência contra à mulher realizada nas bases de dados Pubmed e Scielo em março de 2020. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos publicados nos últimos 5 anos ou textos científicos, como documentos governamentais. Como estratégias de busca foram utilizados operadores booleanos and e or, not violência entre parceiros íntimos. Foram incluídos 10 artigos que corresponderam aos critérios do estudo. As revistas as quais essas publicações estão vinculadas variam entre as aréas da saúde, direito, ciências sociais. Considerando apenas o primeiro trimestre de 2020 esse tema está sendo pauta de mais estudos e publicações. Dos 10 artigos 3 abordaram a importância do engajamento de profissionais de saúde para intervenção humanizada com vítimas de violência doméstica. A abordagem necessária nesses casos pode ser multidisciplinar, beneficiando as vítimas de violência doméstica e evitando prováveis consequências – transtornos de ansiedade e depressão, ou até, suícidio.

Palavras-chave: Violência de gênero, direitos humanos, autonomia pessoal
INVENÇÃO DA FAVELA INDUSTRIAL: PISTAS DA HISTÓRIA, MEMÓRIA E IDENTIDADE DO JACAREZINHO
Authors: Abreu Jonas
Published: October 2020

O presente artigo é resultado de pesquisa que investigou a construção da identidade cultural da Favela do Jacarezinho, em meio ao pano de fundo político e econômico do Rio de Janeiro. Utilizou-se o método de pesquisa exploratória com a finalidade de analisar a difusão dos elementos simbólicos que estão associados com a formação da identidade local. Para obter os resultados do estudo foi consultada extensa bibliografia nos campos da Sociologia, Antropologia e História da Cultura, assim como teses, dissertações, relatórios e documentos públicos. Os resultados deste exame apontaram para o desenvolvimento histórico e social da comunidade em três fases: na primeira, descrevemos a fundação e a expansão territorial da favela estimulados pela emergência do republicanismo e o incremento da industrialização na cidade. Na segunda fase, foram analisados os processos simbólicos construídos na favela através da relação dos moradores com as fábricas, o samba, entidades religiosas e movimentos políticos. Na terceira fase, apuramos um cenário disruptivo caracterizado pela decadência do espaço físico, violência institucionalizada e atravessado por fragmentos de cultura globalizada que inseridos em seu ecossistema social fragmentou as possibilidades identitárias da comunidade. Nossa principal hipótese é a de que atualmente a favela do Jacarezinho reproduz um perfil de privação de seus mitos de origem, como acontece nas novas paisagens transnacionais das periferias da América Latina.
Permanecer na docência
Authors: Cavalcante Maria Mikaele da Silva , Sabino de Farias Isabel Maria
Published: October 2020

Este artigo discute a permanência no magistério entre professores iniciantes, egressos do Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência (Pibid) do curso de Pedagogia de uma universidade nordestina brasileira. O referencial teórico apoiou-se em Garcia (2010), André (2015), Nóvoa (2009), dentre outros. O estudo caracteriza-se como qualitativo e empírico, com uso de entrevista como procedimento de coleta de dados. As análises revelaram que os professores iniciantes desse estudo têm expectativas positivas quanto à permanência na carreira docente, apesar das dúvidas e solidão presentes no início da carreira. As constatações da pesquisa reforçam a ideia de que os primeiros anos de iniciação profissional são decisivos na história profissional do professor, inclusive com repercussões determinantes no seu futuro e na sua relação com o trabalho, o que indica a importância do apoio aos docentes iniciantes na carreira, uma demanda urgente e necessária no âmbito das políticas públicas de formação de professores.
A PRECIPITAÇÃO E O CRITÉRIO DE ESCOLHA DE ANOS-PADRÃO
Authors: Soares Lucas Pereira
Published: October 2020

A proposta deste estudo é desenvolver com base no elemento precipitação, as etapas para a eleição de anos-padrão ao estado do Ceará, considerando a aplicação do método de Tavares (1976). Como critério de escolha, fez-se uso também da espacialização geoestatística dos dados por meio do estimador Kernel Smoothing. A base de dados utilizada é composta de 184 postos pluviométricos da Fundação Cearense de Meteorologia e Recursos Hídricos (FUNCEME), e compreende uma escala temporal de 20 anos, entre 1991-2010. Os dados foram organizados conforme os critérios adotados por Tavares (1976), sendo estes validados por meio das ferramentas de validação cruzada e validação/previsão. Feito a validação, os dados foram quantificados em histogramas e espacializados a partir do estimador Kernel Smoothing. Pela quantificação dos histogramas e análises dos mapas, foram selecionados como anos-padrão para o estado do Ceará: 2005, como ano seco, 2004, como ano habitual e 2009, como ano chuvoso.
Indolic Structure Metabolites as Potential Biomarkers of Non-infectious Diseases
Authors: Beloborodova Natalia V. , Chernevskaya Ekaterina A. , Getsina Maria L.
Published: October 2020

:

Interest in indolic structure metabolites, including a number of products of microbial biotransformation
of the aromatic amino acid tryptophan, is increasingly growing. The review prepared by a team of authors is
based on in-depthscrutiny of data available in PubMed, Scopus, Cyberleninka, Clinical Trials, and Cochrane
Library, eventually narrowing the search to a set of keywords such as tryptophan metabolites; plasma metabolomics
profiling; metabolomics fingerprinting; gas-, liquid chromatography mass spectrometry; serotonin;
melatonin; tryptamine; indoxyl sulfate; indole-3-acetic acid; indole-3-propionic acid; 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic
acid; gut microbiota and microbial metabolites. It provides a summary that outlines the pattern of changes in the
level of indolic structure metabolites in a number of diseases and deals with the data from the field of human
microbiota metabolites. In modern experimental studies, including the use of gnotobiological (germ-free) animals,
it has been convincingly proved that the formation of tryptophan metabolites such as indole-3-acetic acid,
indole-3-propionic acid, tryptamine, and indoxyl sulfate is associated with gut bacteria. Attention to some concentration
changes of indolic compounds is due to the fact that pronounced deviations and a significant decrease
of these metabolites in the blood were found in a number of serious cardiovascular, brain or gastrointestinal diseases.

:

The literature-based analysis allowed the authors to conclude that a constant (normal) level of the main metabolites
of the indolic structure in the human body is maintained by a few strict anaerobic bacteria from the gut of a
healthy body belonging to the species of Clostridium, Bacteroides, Peptostreptococcus, Eubacteria, etc. The
authors focus on several metabolites of the indolic structure that can be called clinically significant in certain
diseases, such as schizophrenia, depression, atherosclerosis, colorectal cancer, etc. Determining the level of indole
metabolites in the blood can be used to diagnose and monitor the effectiveness of a comprehensive treatment
approach.
Apigenin Inhibits Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Human Tongue Carcinoma Tca8113 Cells Through Regulating the MAPK Signaling Pathways
Authors: Xuan Yun-Ze , Xu Li-Zhi , Jin Cheng-Ri , Yang Kang-Juan
Published: October 2020

Objective:

This study aimed to examine the effects of apigenin (API) on the
proliferation, migration, and invasion of human tongue squamous cell carcinoma
Tca8113 cells and explore its probable mechanisms.

Methods:

After treating Tca8113 cells with API, the cell proliferation, migration, and
invasive capacities were identified by tetrazolium salt colorimetry (MTT) assay, cell
scratch test, and Transwell chamber test. Cellular immunofluorescence staining was
used to localize mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1) and extracellular regulated
protein kinase (ERK) 1/2 proteins. Western blot was used to detect the variations of the
related protein expression levels.

Results:

① Through the MTT assay, API significantly inhibited cell proliferation (P<0.01). ②In the cell scratch test, the distance of lateral migration after the API treatment was significantly shorter compared to the control group (P<0.01). ③The invasion rate in the lower chamber of the Transwell chamber was lower in the API group (P<0.01). ④ Cellular immunofluorescence staining presented that the total-MEKK1 was localized in the cytoplasm, p-MEKK1 was localized in the nuclear membrane and cytoplasm, and p-ERK1/2 was localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus. ⑤ After API was applied to cells, the expressions of p-MEKK1 and p-ERK1/2 proteins significantly reduced (P<0.01).

Conclusion:

Apigenin (API) significantly inhibits the proliferation, migration, and
invasion of Tca8113 cells and its mechanism may be associated with the MAPK
signaling pathway.
Comparison of Salivary Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress Status in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Healthy Pregnant Women
Authors: Ahmadi-Motamayel Fatemeh , Fathi Shima , Goodarzi Mohammad Taghi , Borzouei Shiva , Poorolajal Jalal , Barakian Yasamin
Published: October 2020

Background:

One of the most common complications of pregnant women is gestational
diabetes mellitus (GDM). Oxidative stress can play an important role in GDM.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to evaluate salivary antioxidants and oxidative stress markers
in GDM.

Methods:

Twenty pregnant women with GDM and 20 healthy pregnant women with normal blood
glucose test participated in this study. Five mL of unstimulated saliva samples were collected. Spectrophotometric
assay was carried out for sialo-chemical analysis. Stata software was used for data
analysis.

Results:

The GDM group exhibited no significant difference in salivary total antioxidant capacity
and malondialdehyde compared to the healthy control group. All antioxidants markers, the uric
acid, total antioxidant, peroxidase and catalase, decreased in GDM group that the difference of peroxidase
and catalase was statistically significant. All of oxidative stress markers, the salivary
malondialdehyde, total oxidative stress and total thiol, increased in GDM group. GDM group exhibited
significantly higher salivary total oxidative stress levels.

Conclusion:

Catalase level was significantly lower and total oxidative stress was significantly higher.
These two markers might have significant importance and might exhibit early changes compared
to other factors in GDM. Some salivary antioxidants might have diagnostic, prognostic or
therapeutic implications in GDM. Other studies with large sample size on salivary and blood samples
need to be done to confirm these properties and salivary samples using instead of blood samples
in GDM biomarkers changes.
Design, Synthesis and In Vitro Evaluation of 4-Oxo-6-Substituted Phenyl- 2-Thioxo1,2,3,4-Tetrahydropyrimidine-5-Carbonitrile Derivatives as HIV Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors
Authors: Wadhwa Pankaj , Jain Priti , Jadhav Hemant R.
Published: October 2020

Aim::

To design, synthesis and in vitro evaluation of 4-oxo-6-substituted phenyl-2-
thioxo1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile derivatives as HIV integrase strand transfer
inhibitors.

Background::

Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1), a member of retroviridae family, is the
primary causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Three enzymes viz: integrase
(IN), reverse transcriptase (RT) and protease play important role in its replication cycle. HIV-1
integrase is responsible for the incorporation of viral DNA into human chromosomal DNA by catalyzing
two independent reactions, 3′-processing (3′-P) and strand transfer (ST), which are observed
as the “point of no-return” in HIV infection.

Objective::

To develop inhibitors against HIV integrase strand transfer step.

Methods::

Our previous results indicated that tetrahydro pyrimidine-5-carboxamide derivatives are
potent HIV-1 IN inhibitors (unpublished results from our laboratory). Taking clue from above studies
and our own experience, we hypothesized 4-oxo-6-substituted phenyl-2-thioxo1,2,3,4-
tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile analogues (14a to 14n) as inhibitors of HIV-1 Integrase strand
transfer. Prototype compound 14 can be viewed as hybrid structure having characteristics of dihydropyrimidine
derivatives 10-12 and tyrphostin 13.

Result::

A total of fourteen derivatives of 4-oxo-6-substituted phenyl-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-
5-carbonitrile (14a-14n) were synthesized and evaluated using HIV-1 Integrase Assay
Kit (Xpressbio Life Science Products, USA). The percentage inhibition of all compounds was investigated
at 10 μM concentration and IC50 value of few highly active compounds was studied. The
obtained results were validated by in silico molecular docking study using Glide (maestro version
9.3, Schrödinger suite) in extra precision (XP) mode.

Conclusion::

Fourteen 4-oxo-6-substituted phenyl-2-thioxo 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile
analogues were synthesized and evaluated for HIV-1 IN inhibitory activity. Three compounds 14a,
14e, and 14h exhibited significant percentage inhibition of HIV-1 IN. There was good in vitro - in
silico correlation. However, none of the derivative was active against HIV-1 and HIV-2 below their
cytotoxic concentration. It needs to be seen whether these compounds can be explored further for
their anti-HIV or cytotoxic potential.
Synthesis and Docking Study of Some Bioactive N-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)- 2-(4-((substituted)phenoxy)acetamide on Cyclo-oxygenase-2 Enzyme and In vivo Analgesic Activity Evaluation
Authors: Kumar Sumit , Kumar Arvind , Verma Amit , Mishra Arun Kumar
Published: October 2020

Background::

The benzothiazole and its derivatives reported an extremely crucial duty in the progress of commercially important intermediary molecules, which are wanted for the manufacturing of various pharmacologically active agents.

Introduction::

As a necessary element of ongoing examination for the synthesis of new nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs), a number of new benzothiazole derivatives were taken under consideration for the synthesis and were computationally studied along with their biological activity.

Methods::

Obtainable benzothiazole derivatives were synthesized by the condensing of 2-(4- aminophenoxy)-N-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)acetamide with substituted acetophenones in ethanol in the presence of a catalytic amount of glacial acetic acid. The structures of newly synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis techniques. Several molecular properties of these derivatives were computed in order to estimate their drug like candidates. Molecular docking was performed to these synthesized derivatives with particular reference to cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme. The synthesized derivatives were screened for their biological activity, including analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity as COX-2 inhibitors.

Results and Discussion::

From all data, it established that among all target compounds, S-4 (N-(benzo[d]thiazol- 2-yl)-2-(4-((1-(3-nitrophenyl)ethylidene)amino)phenoxy)acetamide) displayed the highest antiinflammatory and analgesic effects.

Conclusion::

All these findings recommended that S-4 might be utilized as a promising new lead compound for Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs) development.
Biomimetic Design of 3D Printed Tissue-Engineered Bone Constructs
Authors: Liu Wei , Liu Shifeng , Li Yunzhe , Zhou Peng , Ma Qian
Published: October 2020

Surgery to repair damaged tissue, which is caused by disease or trauma, is being carried
out all the time, and a desirable treatment is compelling need to regenerate damaged tissues to further
improve the quality of human health. Therefore, more and more research focus on exploring the most
suitable bionic design to enrich available treatment methods. 3D-printing, as an advanced material
processing approach, holds the promising potential to create prototypes with complex constructs that
could reproduce primitive tissues and organs as much as possible or provide appropriate cell-material
interfaces. In a sense, 3D printing is a promising bridge between tissue engineering and bionic design,
which can provide an unprecedented personalized recapitulation with biomimetic function under
the precise control of the composition and spatial distribution of cells and biomaterials. This article
describes recent progress in 3D bionic design and the potential application prospect of 3D printing
regenerative medicine, including 3D printing biomimetic scaffolds and 3D cell printing in tissue
engineering.
COVID-19 and Infection Control in Dental Clinics; Assessment of Public Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices in Several Regions of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Rajeh Mona
Published: October 2020

Background:

The recent outbreak of the Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) has affected millions of lives in different countries including the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Due to the characteristics of dental practice settings, there is a high risk of infection transmission between patients and dentists.

Objectives:

The aim of this study was to assess the level of public knowledge, attitude and practice regarding COVID-19 and infection control when visiting a dentist.

Methods:

In April 2020, a web-based cross-sectional survey was distributed randomly among the public through social media platforms. A validated anonymous questionnaire was used to assess knowledge about COVID-19 and participants’ attitudes toward extra measures to prevent the spread of infection.

Results:

Among the completed questionnaires (N=521), the mean age of the participants was 36.24 years, 68.3% were women, 87.5% held a university degree, and 81% were from the Makkah region. Most of the participants (99%) obtained a good knowledge score regarding COVID-19. Women were more likely than men to have more knowledge (p<0.05). Nearly all of the participants (99.6%) demonstrated good attitudes towards precautionary measures in dental clinics.

Spearman’s rho test showed a statistically significant correlation between age and attitude score, suggesting that attitude score increased with age (p<0.05). Overall, 73.3% reported that they would maintain good hygiene practices when visiting a dentist during this pandemic.

Conclusion:

Most Saudi residents with a high education level are knowledgeable about COVID-19, hold promising attitudes, and have appropriate practices towards precautionary measures needed while visiting a dental clinic during the virus outbreak.
Successful Non-surgical Management of a Mandible Fracture Secondary to Medication-related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: A Unique Case Report
Authors: Bennardo Francesco , Buffone Caterina , Fortunato Leonzio , Giudice Amerigo
Published: October 2020

Background:

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) may be a severe side effect of bone-modifying agents.

Objective:

Pathologic fractures treatment in patients with MRONJ remains challenging. The authors reported a unique case of successful non-surgical management of a mandible fracture secondary to MRONJ.

Methods:

A 78-year-old osteoporotic woman with a 4-year history of oral bisphosphonate therapy and a compromised dental condition developed an MRONJ-related right mandibular body fracture. Treatment consisted of systemic antibiotic administration (amoxiclav and metronidazole) and chlorhexidine mouthwash.

Results:

Follow-up visits revealed progressive healing of the mandibular fracture with bone callus formation and complete recovery of the ipsilateral lip and chin sensitivity after one year.

Conclusion:

Non-surgical management of pathological fractures related to MRONJ might be of interest in patients that refuse any type of surgery, but preventive measures, such as careful dental examination, should be taken before start antiresorptive therapy and during the treatment. The authors reported the first case in the literature of successful management of a mandibular fracture secondary to MRONJ with only antibiotics and mouthwashes.
The Method and Simulation Model of Element Base Selection for Protection System Synthesis and Data Transmission
Authors: Tsmots Ivan , Teslyuk Vasyl , Teslyuk Taras , Lukashchuk Yurii
Published: October 2020

Background:

The modern stage of the development data protection and transmission systems is characterized by an extension of the application areas, most of which require encryption (decryption) and encoding (decoding) in real time on hardware that satisfy the restrictions on the dimensions, energy, cost and development time. In this connection, the problem of choosing an elemental base for the synthesis of neuro-like structures of symmetric encryption-decryption of data and means of encoding-decoding when transmitting data using noise-like codes becomes especially relevant.

Methods:

Software implementation of data protection and transmission using noise-like codes involves the use of universal and functionally oriented microprocessors. In the programmatic implementation of neuro-like algorithms for encryption and decryption of data, computational processes are mostly expandable in time with a large volume of information transfer between the RAM and operating devices.

Results:

In this work were performed series of element base selection simulations and synthesis of DPTS, with various technical parameters. During each simulation, the microcontroller, memory blocks, operating nodes and communication interfaces are selected. The simulation was performed on a MacBook Pro 2015 with a Core i7 processor and 16 GB of RAM.

Conclusion:

It has been proposed to implement the real-time DPTS using noise-like codes by combining universal and special approaches based on the processor core supplemented by hardware with a table-algorithmic implementation of encryption (decryption) processes. The method of selection of the elemental base for synthesis of DPTS has been improved. A simulation model of element base selection for the synthesis of the DPTS has been developed. The system of synthesis of data protection and data transmission using noise-like codes has been developed.
Surface Processes in Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2 on TiO2-based Materials
Authors: Santalucia Rosangela , Mino Lorenzo , Cesano Federico , Scarano Domenica , Spoto Giuseppe , Martra Gianmario
Published: October 2020

Owing to its excellent photoactivity, good stability and low cost, TiO2 is one of the most
studied semiconductor materials to convert CO2 into useful chemicals, contributing to mitigate global
warming. In this review, starting from the basic kinetic and thermodynamic principles of CO2 photoreduction,
the focus is on the surface processes involved in its capture and subsequent reactivity on
TiO2. In particular, the role of different TiO2 morphologies, facets and surface heterostructures is discussed.
The effect of relevant co-adsorbed molecules (e.g., H2O) on the CO2 reaction pathways is also
considered. Moreover, the coupling of TiO2 with graphene and metal nanoparticles to enhance the reaction
rates is presented. A deeper understanding at the atomic level of these surface mechanisms
could help the design of TiO2-based photocatalysts with improved efficiency and selectivity.
Vivir – Habitar- Convivir: Cinco reflexiones sobre sostenibilidad para la formación del Arquitecto
Authors: Linares-Bermúdez María Auxiliadora
Published: October 2020

El respeto por los espacios habitables, debe partir de un sistema de valores promotores de buenas prácticas para el hacer. La presente reflexión forma parte de una diagnosis sobre la praxis en el escenario del proceso de aprendizaje del Diseño Arquitectónico, para guiar a los estudiantes hacia la proyectación de propuestas con criterios de sostenibilidad, más allá de posturas teóricas recurrentes. Se abordan cinco reflexiones a modo de interrogantes, surgidas de la preocupación por la sostenibilidad, su práctica en los espacios habitables, la experiencia docente del Diseño Arquitectónico, así como consideraciones sobre el hacer académico de la Arquitectura.
Stress Tracker—Detecting Acute Stress From a Trackpad: Controlled Study
Authors: Goel Rahul , An Michael , Alayrangues Hugo , Koneshloo Amirhossein , Lincoln Emmanuel Thierry , Paredes Pablo Enrique
Published: October 2020

Background

Stress is a risk factor associated with physiological and mental health problems. Unobtrusive, continuous stress sensing would enable precision health monitoring and proactive interventions, but current sensing methods are often inconvenient, expensive, or suffer from limited adherence. Prior work has shown the possibility to detect acute stress using biomechanical models derived from passive logging of computer input devices.

Objective

Our objective is to detect acute stress from passive movement measurements of everyday interactions on a laptop trackpad: (1) click, (2) steer, and (3) drag and drop.

Methods

We built upon previous work, detecting acute stress through the biomechanical analyses of canonical computer mouse interactions and extended it to study similar interactions with the trackpad. A total of 18 participants carried out 40 trials each of three different types of movement—(1) click, (2) steer, and (3) drag and drop—under both relaxed and stressed conditions.

Results

The mean and SD of the contact area under the finger were higher when clicking trials were performed under stressed versus relaxed conditions (mean area: P=.009, effect size=0.76; SD area: P=.01, effect size=0.69). Further, our results show that as little as 4 clicks on a trackpad can be used to detect binary levels of acute stress (ie, whether it is present or not).

Conclusions

We present evidence that scalable, inexpensive, and unobtrusive stress sensing can be done via repurposing passive monitoring of computer trackpad usage.
Designing a Clinical Decision Support Tool That Leverages Machine Learning for Suicide Risk Prediction: Development Study in Partnership With Native American Care Providers (Preprint)
Authors: Haroz Emily E , Grubin Fiona , Goklish Novalene , Pioche Shardai , Cwik Mary , Barlow Allison , Waugh Emma , Usher Jason , Lenert Matthew C , Walsh Colin G
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

Machine learning algorithms for suicide risk prediction have been developed with notable improvements in accuracy. Implementing these algorithms to enhance clinical care and reduce suicide has not been well studied.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to design a clinical decision support tool and appropriate care pathways for community-based suicide surveillance and case management systems operating on Native American reservations.

METHODS

Participants included Native American case managers and supervisors (N=9) who worked on suicide surveillance and case management programs on 2 Native American reservations. We used in-depth interviews to understand how case managers think about and respond to suicide risk. The results from interviews informed a draft clinical decision support tool, which was then reviewed with supervisors and combined with appropriate care pathways.

RESULTS

Case managers reported acceptance of risk flags based on a predictive algorithm in their surveillance system tools, particularly if the information was available in a timely manner and used in conjunction with their clinical judgment. Implementation of risk flags needed to be programmed on a dichotomous basis, so the algorithm could produce output indicating high versus low risk. To dichotomize the continuous predicted probabilities, we developed a cutoff point that favored specificity, with the understanding that case managers’ clinical judgment would help increase sensitivity.

CONCLUSIONS

Suicide risk prediction algorithms show promise, but implementation to guide clinical care remains relatively elusive. Our study demonstrates the utility of working with partners to develop and guide the operationalization of risk prediction algorithms to enhance clinical care in a community setting.
Why Being a Periphery is not Honorable, and why It does not Threaten Russia
Authors: Mezhevich N. M.
Published: October 2020

The foreign policy of theRussian Federationattracts the attention of experts and researchers not only during the days of obvious victories, but also during periods of serious trials.Russiamanaged not to become the periphery of any Center; this is the fi st, necessary, but not the only condition forNationalStatedevelopment. The second condition is the formation of such a foreign policy, which does not focus on cooperation with any exclusive partner, but clearly and unequivocally declares:Russiaitself is the center of power.
Optimization of the Educational Expenses in the Municipal Districts
Authors: Orlov E. V. , Brut-Brulyako A. A.
Published: October 2020

In modern conditions, the vast majority of municipalities in the Russian Federation are expe­riencing financial difficulties associated with a lack of incoming financial resources and a con­stant increase in costs. The key to improving the situation is to reduce costs and redistribute the released resources to activities aimed at improving the quality of public and municipal services provided to the population. Non-profit concession allows to combine efforts, finances, human potential and direct concentrated resources to solving priority problems. The purpose of the article is to confirm the hypothesis that the use of non-profit concessions will reduce the cost of providing education while maintaining or improving the quality of services provided to the population in this area. The results obtained in the course of the study can be used to increase the effectiveness of education systems in the municipal districts of all regions of the Russian Federation, and their individual elements will be suitable for use in similar purposes in towns.
The Formation of Students’ Values in the Context of Changes in the Educational Environment (On the Example of the Leningrad Region)
Authors: Klyuev A. V. , Lyashko S. V.
Published: October 2020

The article examines the direction of improving the quality level of the educational process in the conditions of changing educational environment and new social challenges. One of the important aspects in the conditions of innovative transformations is the formation of students ‘ social and spiritual values. It is the General education school that should form in the minds of the younger generation spiritual, moral and Patriotic values, social and ethical norms of behavior based on national and universal ideals.

The study of students ‘own value preferences is insufficient from the point of view of methodological educational and organizational approaches.in this regard, students’ value orientations and preferences often remain outside the field of view of the pedagogical community.

The article notes that a comprehensive analysis of the formation of values of high school students, the study of the mechanisms of intergenerational continuity and the development of innovative forms of educational influence important study of value preferences of students, as well as the evaluation opinions of the teaching staff, especially young teachers engaged in the educational process. The purpose of this article is also to study the trends and specifics of the educational and educational process focused on the problems and formation of social values of students of educational organizations in the Leningrad region.
Developing interdisciplinary and intercultural skills in engineers through short-term field experiences
Authors: Gonçalves Martin Johanna , Graezer Bideau Florence , Hoesli Eric , Laperrouza Marc , Tormey Roland
Published: October 2020

Short-term field study experiences are increasingly popular in engineering education. Where they include an international dimension, they can also develop skills and knowledge needed for working across cultures and in interdisciplinary teams. Such programs can take students out of their ‘comfort zone’, thereby enabling them to question their previously taken-for-granted assumptions. Here we analyze four different case studies of organizing short-term international field study programs in engineering education which share a methodology of mixing student disciplines and skills, of interaction with people from other cultures or contexts, and using reflection tools drawn from social and human sciences. While such programs appear to directly address skills desired in engineering students, it was extremely challenging to fit them within the constraints of a traditional university program and to have their modes of reflection accepted as valid by more traditional engineering education practitioners.
A design-based (pre)recruitment approach for new professions: defining futureproof job profiles
Authors: Sjoer Ellen , Biemans Petra
Published: October 2020

In a rapidly developing labor market, in which some parts of jobs disappear and new parts appear due to technological developments, companies are struggling with defining future-proof job qualifications and describing job profiles that fit the organization’s needs. This is even more applicable to smaller companies with new types of work because they often grow rapidly and cannot hire graduates from existing study programs. In this research project, we undertook in-depth, qualitative research into the five roles of a new profession: social media architect. It has become clear which 21st century skills and motivations are important per role and, above all, how they differ in subcategory and are interpreted by a full-service team in their working methods, in a labor market context, and in the talents of the professional themselves. In a workshop, these “skills” were supplemented through a design-based approach and visualized per team role in flexibly applicable recruitment cards. This research project serves as an example of how to co-create innovative job profiles for the changing labor market.