bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Computer simulations of NIR spectra of thymol – Towards linking basic and analytical NIRS
Authors: Beć Krzysztof B , Grabska Justyna
Published: September 2018

Analytical near-infrared spectroscopy has been evolving rapidly over the last decades reaching a remarkable value for both industrial and institutional laboratories nowadays. Its growth has been strongly connected to focussed development of the instrumentation and multi-variate analytical methods. Multi-variate analysis gives near-infrared spectroscopy the desired analytical performance level but lacks the ability to provide physical insights into the analysed molecular system. Large amount of information carried in an NIR spectrum is omitted in analytical routines. In the present article, we review the latest accomplishments in cross-field research aimed at connecting the basic and analytical near-infrared spectroscopy. An example of thymol molecule, an important constituent of a traditional herbal medicine Thymi herba, is discussed. The key novelty in this case is computer simulation of NIR spectra which allows gaining better understanding of how spectra forming factors correspond to the partial least squares regression coefficients with special attention paid to the role of intermolecular interactions.
Evaluation of density gradient ultracentrifugation serum lipoprotein profiles in healthy dogs and dogs with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency
Authors: Minamoto Tomomi , Parambeth Joseph C. , Walzem Rosemary L. , Payne Harold R. , Lidbury Jonathan A. , Suchodolski Jan S. , Steiner Jörg M.
Published: September 2018

Changes in proportions of lipoprotein classes have been described in disease states in humans. In veterinary medicine, hyperlipidemia can cause complications, such as cutaneous xanthomas, liver disease, cholelithiasis, pancreatitis, glomerular disease, lipemia retinalis, or peripheral neuropathy, but there are few reports regarding lipoproteins in diseased animals. For canine serum, we partially validated continuous lipoprotein density profiling (CLPDP), a novel density gradient ultracentrifugation technique. We examined canine lipoproteins separated by CLPDP by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We compared lipoprotein profiles between healthy control dogs ( n = 29) and dogs with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI; n = 28) using CLPDP. Dogs with EPI included those untreated (EPI-NT; n = 6) and those treated with enzyme supplementation (EPI-T; n = 22). Our preliminary assay validation showed that CLPDP was repeatable (CV = 11.2%) and reproducible (CV = 10.6%) in canine serum. The diameters of lipoproteins analyzed by TEM were similar to those reported previously. Dogs in the EPI-NT group had more severe dyslipidemia than dogs in the EPI-T group. Dogs in the EPI-T group had lipoprotein profiles similar to healthy control dogs. CLPDP might be a useful tool for evaluating dyslipidemia in dogs.
The Prophetic and the Prosperous: Religious Ideologies and the Maintenance of Group Consciousness
Authors: McDaniel Eric L.
Published: September 2018

Integral to the development of group consciousness is the establishment of independent entities, which allow individuals to develop a common identity and solidarity. In the case of African Americans, the black church has facilitated racial group consciousness by bringing blacks together and advocating a belief system that emphasizes justice and community, commonly referred to as the social gospel. In contrast to the social gospel, the prosperity gospel emphasizes individualism and material gain. Scholars and critics argue its growth in the black religious discourse may erode the group cohesion developed by the social gospel. Using a unique data set that measures support for these religious belief systems and black group consciousness, I find support for these assertions. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that the nature of these relationships is contingent upon exposure to religious institutions.
Ultra-wide field imaging of pigmented para-venous retino-choroidal atrophy
Authors: Kumar Vinod , Kumawat Devesh , Tewari Ruchir , Venkatesh Pradeep
Published: September 2018

Objective:

To describe the ultra-wide field imaging features of pigmented para-venous retino-choroidal atrophy.

Design:

Retrospective review at a tertiary care centre.

Participants:

Eight eyes of five patients with pigmented para-venous retino-choroidal atrophy who presented to our retina clinic over last 2 years.

Methods:

Retrospective review of ultra-wide field pseudo-colour and short wave autofluorescence imaging was performed. In vivo histology of the macula and areas of retino-choroidal atrophy was studied with swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT).

Results:

The median age was 40 years (range: 22–67 years). Best corrected visual acuity ranged from perception of light to 20/20. The para-venous retino-choroidal atrophy and pigment clumping not only involved the major arcade vessels but also extended into the peripapillary area and retinal periphery. The affected areas demonstrated hypoautofluorescence with sharp hyperautofluorescent borders. Macular atrophy, epiretinal membrane and optic disc pallor were noted in two eyes each. In all cases, the affected pigmentary area had disorganization of inner retinal layers, disruption of outer retinal layers and retinal pigment epithelium and markedly thinned out choroid on swept source optical coherence tomography. Concurrent involvement with retinitis pigmentosa in the fellow eye was noted in two patients.

Conclusion:

Ultra-wide field imaging of pigmented para-venous retino-choroidal atrophy sheds light onto the widespread retino-choroidal abnormalities. Concurrent disc and macular involvement may jeopardize the visual function. Pigmented para-venous retino-choroidal atrophy may be considered as a self-limited form of retinitis pigmentosa.
Cytokine expression in tears of patients with glaucoma or dry eye disease: A prospective, observational cohort study
Authors: Benitez-del-Castillo Javier , Cantu-Dibildox Jorge , Sanz-González Silvia M , Zanón-Moreno Vicente , Pinazo-Duran Maria Dolores
Published: September 2018

Background:

The aim of this study was to assess the expression of cytokines/chemokines in tears from patients with non-advanced primary open-angle glaucoma and patients with non-severe dry eye disease versus healthy controls.

Methods:

This prospective, observational cohort study enrolled patients with confirmed or suspected non-advanced primary open-angle glaucoma who received any prostaglandin analogue monotherapy for longer than 6 months, patients with non-severe dry eye disease, and healthy controls. Expression of interleukin-1β, interleukin-2, interleukin-4, interleukin-5, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, interleukin-10, and interleukin-12; tumor necrosis factor α; vascular endothelial growth factor; granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; and interferon γ was assessed.

Results:

107 participants were enrolled (primary open-angle glaucoma, n = 41; dry eye disease, n = 30; and healthy controls, n = 36). Compared with healthy controls, interleukin-6 was significantly higher ( p = 0.0001) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and interleukin-1β ( p = 0.0144), interleukin-6 ( p < 0.0001), and interleukin-10 ( p = 0.0392) were higher in patients with dry eye disease. Compared with patients with dry eye disease, patients with primary open-angle glaucoma had significantly lower levels of interleukin-4 (21.79 vs 20.18 pg/mL; p = 0.0012) and significantly higher levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (367.75 vs 609.28 pg/mL; p = 0.0058), tumor necrosis factor α (14.27 vs 17.93 pg/mL; p = 0.0048), and interleukin-6 (17.95 vs 27.48 pg/mL; p = 0.0145). In patients with primary open-angle glaucoma, interleukin-1β expression ( p = 0.0011) was lower than in those who received intraocular pressure–lowering eye drops without preservatives compared with those who received eye drops with preservatives.

Conclusion:

Different cytokine/chemokine expression profiles in tears of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and dry eye disease strongly suggest the involvement of a variety of signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of these ophthalmic processes.
Deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty versus penetrating keratoplasty in corneas showing a high or low graft rejection risk
Authors: Infantes Molina Edgar Javier , Celis Sánchez Javier , Tenias Burilllo José Maria , Diaz Valle David , Benítez-Del-Castillo José Manuel , Mesa Varona Diana , Avendaño-Cantos Eva
Published: September 2018

Purpose:

To compare visual, topographic and topometric outcomes in patients subjected to deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty or penetrating keratoplasty showing a high or low risk of graft rejection.

Setting:

Complejo Hospitalario La Mancha Centro, Ciudad Real, Spain.

Materials and methods:

Data were reviewed for consecutive patients with a corneal stroma disease undergoing deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty or penetrating keratoplasty over the period 2009–2015 at our centre by the same surgeon. The outcome measures examined were 2-year follow-up best-corrected visual acuity, refractive error, topographic astigmatism, intraocular pressure, endothelial cell density and central corneal thickness.

Results:

Of 115 eyes enrolled, 46 underwent deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (15 low risk, 31 high risk) and 69 penetrating keratoplasty (23 low risk, 46 high risk). Mean postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (logMAR) in the low- and high-risk groups, respectively, were 0.31 and 0.26 for deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (p = 0.32) and 0.40 and 0.51 for penetrating keratoplasty (p = 0.28). The values for the high-risk deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty versus high-risk penetrating keratoplasty patients were 0.26 and 0.51, respectively (p = 0.004). Mean postoperative spherical equivalents were −2.60 D for low-risk deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty versus −2.29 D for high-risk deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (p = 0.19), and −0.41 D for low-risk penetrating keratoplasty versus −0.13 D for high-risk penetrating keratoplasty (p = 0.51).

Conclusion:

Final best-corrected visual acuity and visual acuity gains were better for deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty, mainly in corneas with a high rejection risk. Despite a better corneal thickness recorded in the deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty group, the other variables examined were comparable. Deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty emerged as an effective alternative to penetrating keratoplasty for patients with a disease affecting the corneal stroma.
Moral distress and moral competences in midwifery: A latent variable approach
Authors: Oelhafen Stephan , Cignacco Eva
Published: September 2018

Like other health professionals, midwives need moral competences in order to cope effectively with ethical issues and to prevent moral distress and negative consequences such as fatigue or impaired quality of care. In this study, we developed and conducted a survey with 280 midwives or midwifery students assessing the burden associated with ethical issues, moral competences, and negative consequences of moral distress. Results show that ethical issues associated with asymmetries of power and authority most often lead to the experience of distress. The results are critically discussed in the context of the conceptualization and operationalization of moral distress.
Investigation of thermal stratification in premixed homogeneous charge compression ignition engines: A Large Eddy Simulation study
Authors: Sofianopoulos Aimilios , Rahimi Boldaji Mozhgan , Lawler Benjamin , Mamalis Sotirios
Published: September 2018

The operating range of Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engines is limited to low and medium loads by high heat release rates. Negative valve overlap can be used to control ignition timing and heat release by diluting the mixture with residual gas and introducing thermal stratification. Cyclic variability in HCCI engines with NVO can result in reduced efficiency, unstable operation, and excessive pressure rise rates. Contrary to spark-ignition engines, where the sources of cyclic variability are well understood, there is a lack of understanding of the effects of turbulence on cyclic variability in HCCI engines and the dependence of cyclic variability on thermal stratification. A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of a 2.0L GM Ecotec engine cylinder, modified for HCCI combustion, was developed using Converge. Large Eddy Simulations (LES) were combined with detailed chemical kinetics for simulating the combustion process. Twenty consecutive cycles were simulated and the results were compared with individual cycle data of 300 consecutive experimental cycles. A verification approach based on the LES quality index indicated that this modeling framework can resolve more than 80% of the kinetic energy of the working fluid in the combustion chamber at the pre-ignition region. Lower cyclic variability was predicted by the LES model compared to the experiments. This difference is attributed to the resolution of the sub-grid velocity field, time averaging of the intake manifold pressure boundary conditions, and different variability in the equivalence ratio compared to the experimental data. Combustion phasing of each cycle was found to depend primarily on the bulk cylinder temperature, which agrees with established findings in the literature. Large cyclic variability of turbulent mixing and spatial distribution of temperature was predicted. However, both of these parameters were found to have a small effect on the cyclic variability of combustion phasing.
The dead Syrian refugee boy goes viral: funerary Aylan Kurdi memes as tools of mourning and visual reparation in remix culture
Authors: Mielczarek Natalia
Published: September 2018

The picture of 3-year-old Syrian refugee Aylan Kurdi, whose dead body washed up on a Turkish beach in September 2015, was lauded as iconic after it went viral. Within hours, Aylan was a symbol, a hashtag and a meme. This project analyzes funerary Aylan memes to understand their meanings and functions as they proliferated in cyberspace. Through iconographic tracking and visual rhetorical analysis, the project expands the functions of memes from visual jokes and social and political commentary to tools of grieving and atonement. The study demonstrates how memes are deployed to subvert and renegotiate reality, in this case to create a ‘better ending’ for the child and seek reparations for his death. The project also suggests that the rhetorical powers of iconic images may be eroding in remix culture due to their digital appropriations.
Incomplete graphical model inference via latent tree aggregation
Authors: Robin Geneviéve , Ambroise Christophe , Robin Stéphane
Published: September 2018

Graphical network inference is used in many fields such as genomics or ecology to infer the conditional independence structure between variables, from measurements of gene expression or species abundances for instance. In many practical cases, not all variables involved in the network have been observed, and the samples are actually drawn from a distribution where some variables have been marginalized out. This challenges the sparsity assumption commonly made in graphical model inference, since marginalization yields locally dense structures, even when the original network is sparse. We present a procedure for inferring Gaussian graphical models when some variables are unobserved, that accounts both for the influence of missing variables and the low density of the original network. Our model is based on the aggregation of spanning trees, and the estimation procedure on the expectation-maximization algorithm. We treat the graph structure and the unobserved nodes as missing variables and compute posterior probabilities of edge appearance. To provide a complete methodology, we also propose several model selection criteria to estimate the number of missing nodes. A simulation study and an illustration on flow cytometry data reveal that our method has favourable edge detection properties compared to existing graph inference techniques. The methods are implemented in an R package.
Contract variation in the common law
Authors: Fisher James C
Published: September 2018

This note analyses the UK Supreme Court’s decision in Rock Advertising Ltd v MWB Business Exchange Centres Ltd, a case that confirms the long uncertain ability of ‘No Oral Modification’ clauses to exclude informal variations in English law. This note argues that, while the Court was correct to reject the putative oral variation in question, the majority’s description of the law is unsatisfactory because of its detachment from wider contract law principle, and compares unfavourably with the alternative ratio by which Lord Briggs reached a concurring outcome. This note also comments on the Supreme Court’s (cursory) treatment of the portentous Court of Appeal decision in Williams v Roffey Bros, which has reformulated the law on contract variation across common law jurisdictions. The Court acknowledged, but declined to resolve, the tensions Roffey introduced in to the law on part payment of debts. While it is unfortunate that the opportunity to resolve these tensions was missed, this note endorses the Court’s ( obiter) rejection of the analysis by which the Court of Appeal below sought to extend Roffey to the part payment of debts.
A Youth-Friendly Pharmacy Initiative: Decreasing Unintended Pregnancies Among Disenfranchised Youth
Authors: Roberts Calpurnyia B. , Bedell Jane
Published: September 2018

Teens from neighborhoods that have experienced historical and contemporary disinvestment have among the highest rates of teen pregnancy, yet they have less access to resources to reduce unintended pregnancies. In recognition of this, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (NYCDOHMH) developed the Youth-Friendly Pharmacy Initiative. Over 7 consecutive months in 2015, educational materials and free NYCDOHMH condoms were placed strategically in independent pharmacies in the South Bronx. Refills were made monthly. Pharmacists were directed to order free refills from the NYCDOHMH after the project ended. To evaluate the feasibility of the study, a survey with teens (15-19 years) at the study midpoint and a 3-month post follow-up assessment were conducted. The retention rate over 7 months was 96.4% (27/28 pharmacies). Forty-three percent (2,068/4,830) of the booklets and 87.9% (43,841/49,850) of the condoms were taken by patrons. The posters and pamphlets were recognized by 63.6% and 27.3% of the teens, respectively. Forty-percent of the teens were aware of the free condoms, and one third had taken the free condoms. In the post assessment, 20% of the sampled pharmacies independently sought out resources for free condom refills. Pharmacies are positive sexual and reproductive health resources for underserved teens.
Growth differentiation factor-15 is a predictive biomarker in primary ventricular fibrillation: The RUTI-STEMI-PVF study
Authors: Garcia-Garcia C , Rueda F , Lupon J , Oliveras T , Labata C , Ferrer M , Cediel G , De Diego O , Rodriguez-Leor O , Carrillo X , Bayes-Genis A
Published: September 2018

Background:

Primary ventricular fibrillation is an ominous complication of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, and proper biomarkers for risk prediction are lacking. Growth differentiation factor-15 is a marker of inflammation, oxidative stress and hypoxia with well-established prognostic value in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients. We explored the predictive value of growth differentiation factor-15 in a subgroup of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients with primary ventricular fibrillation.

Methods:

Prospective registry of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention from February 2011–August 2015. Growth differentiation factor-15 concentrations were measured on admission. Logistic regression and Cox proportional regression analyses were used.

Results:

A total of 1165 ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (men 78.5%, age 62.3±13.1 years) and 72 patients with primary ventricular fibrillation (6.2%) were included. Compared to patients without primary ventricular fibrillation, median growth differentiation factor-15 concentration was two-fold higher in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients with primary ventricular fibrillation (2655 vs 1367 pg/ml, p<0.001). At 30 days, mortality was 13.9% and 3.6% in patients with and without primary ventricular fibrillation, respectively (p<0.001), and median growth differentiation factor-15 concentration in patients with primary ventricular fibrillation was five-fold higher among those who died vs survivors (13,098 vs 2415 pg/ml, p<0.001). In a comprehensive multivariable analysis including age, sex, clinical variables, reperfusion time, left ventricular ejection fraction, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide and high-sensitivity troponin T, growth differentiation factor-15 remained an independent predictor of 30-day mortality, with odds ratios of 3.92 (95% confidence interval 1.35–11.39) in patients with primary ventricular fibrillation (p=0.012) and 1.72 (95% confidence interval 1.23–2.40) in patients without primary ventricular fibrillation (p=0.001).

Conclusions:

Growth differentiation factor-15 is a robust independent predictor of 30-day mortality in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients with primary ventricular fibrillation.
Peroneal muscle activity during different types of walking
Authors: Bavdek Rok , Zdolšek Anže , Strojnik Vojko , Dolenec Aleš
Published: September 2018

Background

As the most common form of movement, walking happens not only on flat but also on uneven surfaces, where constant loss and regaining of balance occur. The main balancing function of the ankle joint is performed by tibial muscles. When changing inclination in a frontal plane, an essential balancing function is performed by the peroneal muscles. One of the methods for improving the activity of peroneal muscles is walking with different foot placement. The objective of this study was to analyze the activity of the peroneal muscles when performing different types of walking.

Methods

Sixteen healthy participants took part in this study, walking on a flat surface (NORM), on a medial incline ramp with the plantar surface of the foot fully placed on the surface (FULL), and on a medial incline ramp with elevated lateral part of the foot (LAT). We monitored the changes of EMG signals in peroneus longus (PL), peroneus brevis (PB), tibialis anterior (TA), soleus (SOL), gastrocnemius medialis (GM) and gastrocnemius lateralis (GL) muscles. We monitored kinematic parameters (gait speed, stride length, contact time, foot position). The parametric ANOVA test and a non‐parametric Friedman test were used at an alpha level of 0.05.

Results

This study shows that the EMG activities of peroneal muscles increases when walking on the medial incline ramp. Statistically significant EMG differences were observed in the peroneal muscles, TA and GL muscles. We observe a very high percentage of normalized EMG value of the PL muscle in LAT walking. Walking on a medial incline ramp impacts the foot position, contact time, and stride length but not the gait speed.

Conclusions

Walking on a medial incline ramp could be an effective exercise to improve the neuro‐muscular function of the peroneal muscles and, therefore, might be a suitable exercise for people with weakened ankle evertors.
External validity of a prognostic nomogram for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma based on the 8th edition of the AJCC/UICC staging system: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: OuYang Pu‐Yun , You Kai‐Yun , Zhang Lu‐Ning , Xiao Yao , Zhang Xiao‐Min , Xie Fang‐Yun
Published: September 2018

Background

The tumor–node–metastasis (TNM) staging system does not perform well for guiding individualized induction or adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). We attempted to externally validate the Pan's nomogram, developed based on the 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC)/Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) staging system, for patients with locoregionally advanced disease. In addition, we investigated the reliability of Pan's nomogram for selection of participants in future clinical trials.

Methods

This study included 535 patients with locoregionally advanced NPC who were treated between March 2007 and January 2012. The 5‐year overall survival (OS) rates were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method and compared with predicted outcomes. The calibration was tested using calibration plots and the Hosmer–Lemeshow test. Discrimination ability, which was assessed using the concordance index, as compared with other predictors.

Results

Pan's nomogram was observed to underestimate the 5‐year OS of the entire cohort by 8.65% [95% confidence interval (CI) − 9.70 to − 7.60%, P < 0.001] and underestimated the 5‐year OS of each risk group. The differences between the predicted and observed 5‐year OS rates were smallest among low‐risk patients (< 135 points calculated using Pan's nomogram; which predicted minus observed OS, − 6.41%, 95% CI − 6.75 to − 6.07%, P < 0.001) and were largest among high‐risk patients (≥ 160 points) (− 13.56%, 95% CI − 15.48 to − 11.63%, P < 0.001). The Hosmer–Lemeshow test suggested that the predicted and observed 5‐year OS rates had no ideal relationship (P < 0.001). Pan's nomogram had better discriminatory ability compared with the levels of Epstein–Barr virus DNA acid (EBV DNA) and the 7th or 8th AJCC/UICC staging system, although not better compared with the combination of EBV DNA and the 8th staging system. Additionally, Pan's nomogram was marginally inferior to our predictive model, which included the 8th AJCC/UICC N‐classification, age, gross primary tumor volume, lactate dehydrogenase, and body mass index.

Conclusions

Pan's nomogram underestimated the 5‐year OS of patients with locoregionally advanced NPC at our cancer center, and may not be a precise tool for selecting participants for clinical trials.
Estimation of fracture weaknesses and integrated attenuation factors from azimuthal variations in seismic amplitudes
Authors: Chen Huaizhen , Innanen Kristopher A.
Published: September 2018

Seismic wave propagation in fractured reservoirs exhibits anisotropy and attenuation, which are in turn related to fracture properties (e.g., fracture density) and fluid parameters (e.g., moduli and viscosity). Based on the linear slip theory, stiffness parameters can be determined for fractured and dissipative rocks, from which integrated attenuation factors involving host-rock intrinsic attenuation and fracture-induced attenuation emerge. Using a simplified mathematical form for these stiffness parameters, a linearized mathematical relationship directly relating the reflection coefficient to fracture weaknesses and integrated attenuation factors is available. A two-step inversion approach, involving (1) an iterative damped least-squares algorithm to predict P- and S-wave moduli using seismic angle gathers along the fracture orientation azimuth and (2) an iterative inversion method to estimate fracture weaknesses and integrated attenuation factors from azimuthal amplitude differences, is examined. The objective function for the second step is constructed based on a Bayesian framework. Synthetic testing confirms that fracture weaknesses and integrated attenuation factors are stably determined from seismic amplitudes exhibiting a moderate signal-to-noise ratio. The approach is applied to a field data set from a fractured carbonate reservoir. We observe that geologically reasonable results of fracture weaknesses and integrated attenuation factors are obtained. We conclude that this estimation procedure provides a reliable tool in fracture prediction and inverted attenuation factors appear as additional proofs to identify fluid type in fractured reservoirs.
Organization of Labour Remuneration According to the Effective Contract of Scientific and Pedagogical Workers
Authors: Ширинкина Елена , Shirinkina Elena
Published: September 2018

The relevance of the study is conditioned by the fact that the highly effective organization of labor remuneration in the system of higher education is the main instrument of the activity of the educational institution, which assumes the creation of normal conditions for scientifi c and pedagogical workers as an important link in the system of higher education. At present, the basis of the concept of personnel management of a higher educational institution is the knowledge of the scientifi c and pedagogical worker, his motivational attitudes, the ability to form and direct them in accordance with the tasks facing the institution. Without current and subsequent analysis of labor incentives, it is impossible to solve personnel issues in educational activities. In this connection, the author discusses the reasons for the implementation of the goal of introducing an eff ective contract, the “road map” measures that should be followed in the transition to an eff ective contract, which determines the practical value of the study. It is substantiated that a large-scale introduction of an eff ective contract to all higher institutions will ensure not only the quality provision of educational services and the introduction of new educational programs, but will also allow for the systematic development of the education system and the competitive advantages of Russia in the world community. Scientific novelty is the development of an expanded approach to the effective organization of remuneration in higher education institutions, which should focus on the formation of performance indicators of scientifi c and pedagogical workers.
Innovation and enthusiasm
Authors: Alderson Derek
Published: September 2018

History teaches us to temper our excitement about innovation with a calm, rational approach, and a solid research base.
Returning to the theatre after an interval
Authors: Nash E , Curry JI , Blackburn SC
Published: September 2018

What is the experience of paediatric higher surgical trainees returning to clinical work after a period away from training?
Obtaining valid consent
Authors: Wheeler Robert
Published: September 2018

Each month we take a close look at a recent legal case with implications for the surgical profession.
Calibração do modelo de consumo de combustível do simulador AIMSUN com dados coletados via OBD
Authors: Marinho Arthur Theodoro , Eccel Renan Artur Lopes , Carlson Rodrigo Castelan , Kraus Junior Werner
Published: September 2018

Dados coletados por meio da interface de diagnóstico de bordo (On-Board Diagnostics ‒ OBD), presente nos automóveis nacionais fabricados a partir de 2009, foram usados na calibração de modelo microscópico de consumo de combustível do simulador AIMSUN. Para a calibração dos parâmetros do modelo de consumo, mediu-se a velocidade instantânea, o fluxo de ar de admissão e o teor de oxigênio na mistura ar/combustível. Calibrou-se o modelo de consumo do simulador seguindo a abordagem modal, usando regressão para os modos de aceleração e velocidades constantes e média simples para os modos de marcha lenta e desaceleração. Para validar o modelo, os consumos de combustível medido e estimado foram comparados em ciclos de condução em áreas urbanas. Os resultados indicam a adequação do método para avaliação do consumo de combustível por veículos em malhas viárias urbanas. Além disso, o modelo calibrado com dados do OBD de quatro tipos de veículos foi usado no estudo por simulação de cenários atual e futuro no contexto de projeto de ampliação viária. Por meio de abordagem comparativa entre cenários, mostra-se que a estimação com parâmetros calibrados produz indicadores distintos e mais confiáveis em relação aos obtidos com os parâmetros originais do simulador.
Estudo da condição de superfície em rodovias por meio do uso de aplicativo para smartphone
Authors: Almeida Lucas Cavalcante de , Oliveira Francisco Heber Lacerda de , Ramos Saulo Passos
Published: September 2018

Este artigo analisa as condições de superfície de vias pavimentadas com revestimento em Concreto Asfáltico, Tratamento Superficial e Concreto de Cimento Portland, além de uma via não pavimentada, por meio da utilização do aplicativo para smartphone denominado Roadroid. As características consideradas estão associadas à textura e aos defeitos de superfície. A análise é efetuada através de um gráfico BoxPlot comparativo e medidas de tendência central. Em relação às texturas, constata-se que revestimentos com texturas abertas apresentam maiores valores de irregularidade mesmo na ausência de defeitos. Verifica-se, também, que os trechos em estudo apresentam condição de superfície analisadas pelo aplicativo semelhante às fornecidas pelos órgãos rodoviários e que segmentos com alto coeficiente de variação apresentam quantidades significativas de defeitos, sobretudo remendos e buracos. Com esta análise, espera-se contribuir com dados mais confiáveis, obtidos por meio de smartphones, de modo a auxiliar a tomada de decisão dos órgãos gestores.
The experiences in the family of origin and the early maladaptive schemas as predictors of marital violence in men and women
Authors: Paim Kelly Cardoso , Falcke Denise
Published: September 2018

A violência conjugal é uma problemática mundial que abrange diferentes classes econômicas, raças e etnias. Partindo-se do pressuposto de que a dinâmica conjugal violenta é um fenômeno complexo e interacional, o presente estudo se propõe a identificar variáveis preditoras do fenômeno, utilizando a perspectiva da Teoria dos Esquemas de Jeffrey Young. Sendo assim, foi investigado o poder das experiências na família de origem e dos Esquemas Iniciais Desadaptativos como preditores da violência física cometida e sofrida na relação conjugal conforme o sexo. A amostra foi constituída por 181 homens e 181 mulheres e os instrumentos utilizados para a coleta de dados foram: Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ-S3), e Revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS2). A análise dos resultados foi realizada através de análise de regressão múltipla com método stepwise. Os resultados indicaram que o esquema de defectividade/vergonha das mulheres e dos homens e o esquema de desconfiança/abuso dos homens são variáveis preditoras da violência física cometida contra o cônjuge. O maior ajustamento materno foi considerado a variável protetiva de comportamentos violentos cometidos pelas mulheres. Em relação à vitimização da violência, os esquemas de desconfiança/abuso das mulheres e dos homens, assim como o esquema de defectividade/vergonha dos homens foram identificados como preditores de violência física sofrida nos relacionamentos íntimos. A maior funcionalidade do estilo de decisão materno foi identificada como protetor de vitimização de violência para as mulheres. Os achados ampliam a discussão sobre as variáveis que podem explicar o fenômeno da violência conjugal, consolidando a importância da avaliação dos Esquemas Iniciais Desadaptativos em situação de violência conjugal.
Estilos parentais, adaptação académica e bem-estar psicológico em jovens adultos
Authors: Granja Maria Bárbara , Mota Catarina Pinheiro
Published: September 2018

O desenvolvimento de relações de vinculação seguras com as figuras significativas e os estilos parentais, sugerem assumir um papel importante para o jovem adulto na transição e adaptação aos desafios externos, nomeadamente, à adaptação ao contexto académico e à manutenção de um bem-estar psicológico. O presente estudo objetivou analisar o papel dos estilos parentais na adaptação académica e bem-estar psicológico de jovens adultos assim como testar o papel moderador do género na associação anterior. A amostra foi constituída por 787 jovens universitários com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 25 anos (M=20.07, DP=1.7). Os resultados apontam para um efeito preditor positivo do bem-estar psicológico face à adaptação académica. Verificou-se também a existência de um efeito moderador do género na associação entre o estilo parental autoritativo, face ao pai e à mãe, e a adaptação académica.
Questionário de Estilos Educativos Parentais revisto (QEEP-r): Estudo psicométrico e análise da invariância da medida para mães e pais
Authors: Cruz Orlanda , Canário Catarina , Barbosa-Ducharne Maria
Published: September 2018

Este artigo apresenta o Questionário de Estilos Educativos Parentais revisto (QEEP-r), que oferece uma medida da perceção dos adolescentes quanto aos estilos educativos parentais (tal como a sua primeira versão, o QEEP), mas distinguindo o alvo da avaliação em pai e mãe e focando a dimensão da promoção da autonomia. São estudadas as propriedades psicométricas e avaliada a invariância da escala quanto aos estilos educativos do pai e aos estilos educativos da mãe. Um total de 664 participantes, alunos do ensino básico e secundário de seis escolas dos distritos de Braga e Porto, com idades compreendidas entre os 12 e os 18 anos (M=15.31, DP=1.28), do género feminino (54.20%) e masculino (43.50%) preencheu o QEEP-r. Os resultados da análise fatorial confirmatória evidenciam uma estrutura tridimensional do QEEP-r e propriedades psicométricas adequadas. A estrutura tridimensional inclui um fator de autonomia psicológica, um fator de clima positivo e um fator de conhecimento. Do ponto de vista da invariância da medida foi identificada a invariância configural e a invariância métrica, mas não a invariância escalar ou residual. Este instrumento é relevante no contexto da investigação em língua portuguesa sobre os EEP, na medida em que permite avaliar a perceção dos adolescentes até aos 18 anos de idade sobre os EEP dos pais, através de duas escalas (pai e mãe) entre as quais se constata invariância métrica.
Social and Collaborative Businesses: approaches and the potential brought by the Creative Economy
Authors: Stephan Clarisse
Published: September 2018

This paper aims at comprehending the new productive arrangements called social and collaborative business – drawing a parallel between them – and analyzing their potential for success in the market segment that has been called “Creative Economy”. Upon the analysis of such economy, which is characterized for being intensive in immaterial goods (ubiquitous and non-rival), these new productive formats could take root, since taking into account their propagated ethics of democratization, self-management and sharing, their production factors should be, by excellence, not scarce and subject to continuous renewal.
Creative industries in Chile, the case of animation
Authors: Severino María Graciela
Published: September 2018

The present study is a characterization of the creative industry in Chile, the process in which it currently is, and the specific case study of the animation industry in Chile. Given the lack of official data on the impact of this creative sector in Chile’s economy, the need to develop activities arose, associated with the collection of consistent and reliable data on the creative economy in Chile. To be able to exemplify and understand the impact of the aforementioned sector, previous studies and methodologies were used, and direct data collection from the sources, as well as secondary sources, were analyzed. The results of this study reveal favorable practices and data for future market research.
Building creativity: an argument for the reformulation of Brazil’s Copyright system
Authors: Magrani Eduardo , Ferreira Matos Helena
Published: September 2018

Brazil has had a history of maximization of copyrights since the first rules prohibiting unauthorized uses of intellectual works emerged in the first half of the nineteenth century. The country’s current system of exceptions and limitations is not adequate to the current times, and has been applied in a restrictive manner. This has created an environment that is overly hostile to the use of works that would otherwise be considered fair, and hampers the development of a thriving creative economy. With this in mind, the reinterpretation of the norms regarding copyrights, as well as the reform of Copyright Law is requested.
Digital Art on the Internet: the limits of the Brazilian Legal System and the Global Contemporary Thinking
Authors: Villefort Wisrah
Published: September 2018

This study aims at reaching the emerging global thinking around the relations of access to digital artistic content available on the internet. Through the appointments of the intersection between the knowledges of the law, anthropology, philosophy, physics and art - organized in a multidisciplinary way - the present scientific narrative is build. Initially, a brief history of the idea of constructing copyright in the global context is presented. Subsequently, the digital object is analyzed as material to produce art in the contemporary context. Then, the post-internet cultural phenomenon is observed, so that the current Brazilian Copyright Law System can be inquired due its limits and openings. Finally, the 'Creative Commons' is presented analytically in the face of current demands in the follow of the contemporary understanding around copyright.
Premisses for a Public Policy to Foster the Creative Economy: the case of Ancine
Authors: Lima Roberto Gonçalves
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this paper is to identify the premisses that have oriented the construction process of structuring public policies to the audiovisual domain draw on the ten years managerial experience of Brazil's National Cinema Agency (Ancine), also seeking to take a look at how such experience can bring perspectives to the formulation and management of policies directed towards the Creative Economy.
GIS-BASED LANDSLIDE SUSCEPTIBILITY ASSESSMENT AND FACTOR EFFECT ANALYSIS BY CERTAINTY FACTOR IN UPSTREAM OF JENEBERANG RIVER, INDONESIA
Authors: Nurdin Putri Fatimah , Kubota Tetsuya
Published: September 2018

This study aimed to assess landslide susceptibility by employing certainty factors model (CF) to select the causative factors for landslide susceptibility mapping in Upstream of Jeneberang River, South Sulawesi. Indonesia. The landslide causative factors were: soil, slope angle, aspect, elevation, lithology, land use, distance to the river, drainage density, and precipitation. For validation purpose, landslide inventory map was randomly partition into two groups, 30% for the validation and 70% for the training. Landslide susceptibility maps were produced by logistic regression using original factor (all nine factors) and selected factor (four factors with positive CF value). The result of certainty factor analysis shows CF value is positive for elevation, land use, slope and drainage density. The accuracy of two landslide susceptibility maps were evaluated by calculating the area under the curve of Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves. The result shows the the success rate curve for nine factor map (80.2%)  is higher than four factor map (78%). But in case of closeness between success rate curve and predictive rate curve, certainty factors model has a closer distance. In this study, effect analysis studies show how the accuracy changes when the input factors are changed.
OPERATOR ACCRETIVE KUAT PADA RUANG HILBERT
Authors: Saputro Razis Aji , Hariyanto Susilo , Sumanto Y.D.
Published: September 2018

Pre-Hilbert space is a vector space equipped with an inner-product. Furthermore, if each Cauchy sequence in a pre-Hilbert space is convergent then it can be said complete and it called as Hilbert space. The accretive operator is a linear operator in a Hilbert space. Accretive operator is occurred if the real part of the corresponding inner product will be equal to zero or positive. Accretive operators are also associated with non-negative self-adjoint operators. Thus, an accretive operator is said to be strict if there is a positive number such that the real part of the inner product will be greater than or equal to that number times to the squared norm value of any vector in the corresponding Hilbert Space. In this paper, we prove that a strict accretive operator is an accretive operator.
ANALISIS BEBERAPA TEOREMA KETUNGGALAN TITIK TETAP DI RUANG METRIK MULTIPLIKATIF (MULTIPLICATIVE METRIC SPACES)
Authors: Malahayati Malahayati
Published: September 2018

This research was conducted to analyze several theorems about fixed point uniqueness on multiplicative metric space. Firstly, the proof of fixed point uniqueness theorem on complete multiplicative metric space is analyzed with involving multiplicative continuous functions. Then, several fixed point uniqueness theorems is analyzed without involving multiplicative continuous functions. The proof of fixed point uniqueness theorem on complete multiplicative metric space with involving multiplicative continuous functions can be done without requirement of contraction multiplicative mapping. If this mapping is satisfying a condition with involving multiplicative continuous functions then it was proven that it had the unique fixed point. Furthermore, the proof of fixed point uniqueness theorem on complete multiplicative metric space without involving multiplicative continuous functions can be done by requiring the mapping is contraction.
PENENTUAN HARGA OPSI DENGAN MODEL BLACK-SCHOLES MENGGUNALKAN METODE BEDA HINGGA FORWARD TIME CENTRAL SPACE
Authors: Febrianti Werry
Published: September 2018

Option can be defined as a contract between two sides/parties said party one and party two. Party one has the right to buy or sell of stock to party two. Party two can invest by observe the put option price or call option price on a time period in the option contract. Black-Scholes option solution using finite difference method based on forward time central space (FTCS) can be used as the reference for party two in the investment determining. Option price determining by using Black-Scholes was applied on Samsung stock (SSNLF) by using finite difference method FTCS. Daily data of Samsung stock in one year was processed to obtain the volatility of the stock. Then, the call option and put option are calculated by using FTCS method after discretization on the Black-Scholes model. The value of call option was obtained as $1.457695030014260 and the put option value was obtained as $1.476925604670225.
Analisis Kebudayaan dalam Karya Sastra Willem Iskandar “Si Bulus-Bulus Si Rumbuk-Rumbuk”
Authors: Siregar Kartika , Djono Djono , Agung Leo
Published: September 2018

This article aims to discuss the literary work of Si Bulus-Bulus Si Rumbuk-Rumbuk written by Willem Iskandar in cultural approach. Willem Iskandar was a writer who produced literary works to build a revolutionary spirit for the advancement of South Tapanuli. The literary work he produced implied a passion for change. The literary works that he wrote were very much about the culture in South Tapanuli. Si Bulus-Bulus Si Rumbuk-Rumbuk is his most popular work. Many messages are written in his work. The depiction of culture as outlined in his work invites the people of South Tapanuli to be more eager to make local wisdom a cultural heritage that must be preserved. In addition, his work also describes the geographical conditions and conditions in South Tapanuli. This work was a great asset for advancing education in South Tapanuli at that time. This article was prepared using qualitative descriptive methods based on literature studies and field research. A review of Si Bulus-Bulus Si Rumbuk-Rumbuk works conducted by understanding the text and then interpreting it to obtain the values contained in it.