bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hot deformation characteristics of Ti-6Al-4V
Authors: Li L.X. , Rao K.P. , Lou Y. , Peng D.S.
Published: February 2022

The flow behavior and hot deformation mechanisms of Ti-6Al-4Vin both β and (α + β) phase regions have been studied by compression tests in the temperature range 750 – 1100 °C and strain rate range 0.05 –15 s –1. The flow curves displayed discontinuous yielding at temperatures above 850 °C and high strain rates, typically 5 and 15 s–1. Flow oscillations were also observed under such conditions. The relative discontinuous flow stress drop increased with increasing temperature in the (α + β) phase region and reached a steady state in the β phase region. The discontinuous yielding is attributed to the sudden increase in the mobile dislocation density occurring due to the activation of β grain boundary sources during hot deformation. The apparent activation energy estimated using the standard kinetic analysis is about 246 kJ/mol in the β region and 621 kJ/ mol in the (α + β) region while the strain rate sensitivity values are 0.34 and 0.18, respectively. The mechanism in the β region has been suggested to involve grain boundary sliding and dynamic recovery of the β phase while in the (α + β) region a transient mechanism, involving dynamic recovery followed by post deformation recrystallization, has been proposed.
Effect of carbon and nitrogen on the stacking fault energy of high-alloyed iron-based austenite
Authors: Petrov Yu. N.
Published: February 2022

The dependence of stacking fault energy (SFE) on the carbon and nitrogen content in iron-based high-alloyed austenite has been thermodynamically calculated and compared with their experimentally measured values. It is shown that such calculations are confined to dilute solid solutions where the content of interstitials does not exceed 1.5 at.%. In more concentrated solid solutions a significant change in their electronic structure renders such a calculation impossible. The influence of the electronic structure on the SFE and the segregation effect in the considered systems are discussed.
Phase and microstructure selection in peritectic alloys under high G-V ratio
Authors: Dobler Stephane , Kurz Wilfried
Published: February 2022

A new model for the case of a superposition of a phase transformation and a microstructure transition from columnar plane front to equiaxed dendritic growth for peritectic alloys is presented. This model is applied to Fe–Ni alloys where a phase transition from γ to δ takes place when the solute content decreases. The results of the model are compared with predictions of the nucleation constitutional undercooling model. They show that the peritectic two-(solid) phase region is restricted and may completely disappear depending on nucleation undercooling and dendrite growth kinetics.
Evolution of texture in Alloy 80A during initial ingot breakdown
Authors: Wasle Gregor , Buchmayr Bruno , Clemens Helmut , Günther Anke , Brokmeier Heinz-Günter , Kleber Siegfried
Published: February 2022

This paper presents details on the evolution of texture in Alloy 80A during the initial ingot break-down process by means of repeated hot-working (cogging). The ingot was produced by vacuum arc re-melting showing equiaxed and columnar grains. Compression tests were performed with a Gleeble system covering the range of temperatures, strains, and strain rates experienced during processing on an industrial scale. Texture analysis (neutron and electron backscatter diffraction) was applied to all specimens before and after hot deformation to reflect the thermo-mechanical history. The ingot exhibited a well pronounced <100>-fiber texture of the initial microstructure. Low deformation ratios did not change the type of texture, but the degree of the preferred orientation. High strains partially result in the destruction of the fiber texture and lead to the appearance of additional texture components, such as cube- and Goss-components. With continued deformation, recovery and recrystallization become predominant.
Characterisation of precipitates in a stainless maraging steel by three-dimensional atom probe and small-angle neutron scattering
Authors: Leitner H. , Clemens H. , Höring S. , Wanderka N. , Banhart J. , Staron P. , Jamnig B.
Published: February 2022

Two complementary techniques, namely three-dimensional atom probe and small-angle neutron scattering, were employed to study precipitation phenomena in a stainless maraging steel (Fe-12.3 %Cr-8.9%Ni-0.6 %Si-1 %Mo-0.6 %Al-0.8%Ti, wt.%) during ageing at 475 °C. Atom probe investigations revealed the precipitation of a single Ni-rich phase exhibiting an average particle diameter of 2.5 nm after 12 h. After ageing for 100 h these precipitates had grown to an average size of 4 nm. In addition, needle-or plate-like Ni-rich precipitates larger than 15 nm were present. Their compositions differ mainly in the amount of Fe, Ni and Ti. Furthermore, Cr-rich precipitates were observed. The size ranges and the number densities of the precipitates match well with those observed by small-angle neutron scattering.
Indicative Conditionals and the Expressive Conception of Logic
Authors: Paulson Spencer
Published: February 2022

It is often thought that the test for whether an indicative conditional is assertible is to first suppose the antecedent and then check to see if the consequent is probable on that supposition. Call this procedure the “Ramsey Test”. Some influential accounts of indicative conditionals (e.g. Adams 1975, Edgington 1995) hold that the Ramsey Test works because indicative conditionals are used to express a high credence in the consequent conditional on the antecedent. In this paper I will argue that a different expressivist account, one inspired by Brandom (1994) can handle a wider range of phenomena. In particular, it does a better job explaining how conditionals function in modus tollens arguments. I will end by discussing how the account proposed here goes beyond Brandom’s own work on logic and hermeneutics. Of particular importance is the role played by a conversational common ground, distinct from the commitments of the interpreter and interpreted (6992 words).
Core–shell heterostructured composites of carbon nanotubes and imine-linked hyperbranched polymers as metal-free Li-ion anodes
Authors: Dou Yu , Zhang Jianye , Han Xiaoyan , He Qiming , Yang Yingkui
Published: February 2022

An in situ Schiff-base condensation between p-phthalaldehyde (PPD) and 1,3,5-tris(4-aminophenyl)benzene (TAPB) or 1,3,5-tris(4-aminophenyl)triazine (TAPT) was actualized in the presence of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), producing imine-linked hyperbranched poly(PPD-TAPB) and poly(PPD-TAPT)-coated CNTs (abbreviated as CNT@HBP-1 and CNT@HBP-2, respectively). Such quasi-1D core–shell heterostructures are interleaved to build robust 3D networks with porous internal channels, which are favorable for efficient electron transport and ion diffusion, exposing active sites, fast redox kinetics, and high electrochemical utilization. When used as Li-ion anodes, both CNT@HBP-1 and CNT@HBP-2 exhibit larger specific capacity, better rate performance, and higher cycling stability compared to their pure polymers. Furthermore, CNT@HBP-2 delivers higher reversible capacities of 351 mA h g−1 at 0.05 A g−1, and 81 mA h g−1 at 1.0 A g−1, respectively, compared to CNT@HBP-1 (335 and 56 mA h g−1). Besides, CNT@HBP-2 retains 268 mA h g−1 over 100 cycles at 0.1 A g−1, and 617 mA h g−1 in the 500th cycles at 0.5 A g−1, respectively, outperforming CNT@HBP-1 (155 and 256 mA h g−1). Further improvements in the electrochemical performance for CNT@HBP-2 relative to CNT@HBP-1 are attributable to the incorporation of additional redox-active triazine units into HBP-2. This work would unlock insights into the rational development of metal-free polymer-based electrodes for rechargeable batteries.
Enrichment and analysis of glycated proteins
Authors: Cho Seonghyeon , Duong Van-An , Mok Jeong-Hun , Joo Minjoong , Park Jong-Moon , Lee Hookeun
Published: February 2022

Glycation is a spontaneous post-translational modification of lysine, arginine, and the N-terminus of proteins. Protein glycation is closely related to the pathogenesis of human diseases, including diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, renal disease, and cancer. The levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are positively correlated with the progression of many diseases. However, it remains challenging to analyze glycation-related products, such as reactive carbonyl species, Schiff bases, Amadori compounds, and AGEs, because of their high heterogeneity. Many analysis methods, such as fluorescence detection, immunoassays, and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, have attempted to correlate glycation products with diseases. Some enrichment methods have been used to increase the probability of detection of glycated proteins due to their low abundance in blood plasma. This review summarizes the enrichment and analysis methods that are currently used to identify glycation as a disease biomarker in exploratory studies.
La educación secundaria para obreros y campesinos durante el cardenismo: la creación de internados mixtos, 1937-1944
Authors: Candelario Galicia Tatiana Carolina
Published: February 2022

Los gobiernos posrevolucionarios buscaron reconstruir al país mediante distintos medios. La reconstrucción no se planteó únicamente en términos políticos y económicos; los aspectos culturales y educativos fueron esenciales para el nuevo proyecto de Estado y funcionaron como herramientas para legitimar y afianzar su poder. Los intelectuales, funcionarios y políticos vieron en la educación un medio para crear al nuevo mexicano emergido de la Revolución. En este artículo se analiza la creación de los internados mixtos de educación secundaria para hijos de obreros y campesinos, un programa creado por la Secretaría de Educación Pública para brindar educación a las clases populares. El propósito de este trabajo es mostrar un proyecto educativo específico y conocer cuáles fueron sus objetivos, sus alcances y sus limitaciones.
Economía y región. El caso del suroccidente colombiano durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX
Authors: Arevalo Meneses Brayhan
Published: February 2022

Los estudios históricos regionales poco han discutido sobre el concepto de región, dejando esta categoría espacial en un lugar de incertidumbres. Este artículo discute la forma cómo se construyó una región económica en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX al suroccidente colombiano. Para ello, incursiona en los pocos debates historiográficos que han abordado el tema y reconstruyen sus principales enlaces comerciales para al final demostrar la existencia de un regionalismo. En últimas, las regiones sólo pueden ser explicadas a la luz de sus desplazamientos poblacionales y económicos, en este caso, aquellos que buscaban afanosamente conectar las sierras y valles con el mar.
La evolución de la relación entre marcas e influencers españolas de moda tras la pandemia.
Authors: Guerrero Navarro Daniel , Cristófol Rodríguez Carmen , Gutiérrez Ortega Paloma
Published: February 2022

La llegada del virus SARS-CoV-2 trajo consigo una pandemia mundial y una crisis sanitaria que iba a extenderse a todos los ámbitos de la sociedad, desembocando en cierre de empresas, pérdidas de millones de empleos y numerosas alteraciones en el estilo de vida de los individuos, además de provocar cambios de consumo en la sociedad y un aumento del uso de las redes sociales debido a los meses de confinamiento, lo que supuso un punto de inflexión en diversos ámbitos y, concretamente, en el sector de la moda y de las influencers. Con la presente investigación se pretende analizar, mediante metodología mixta, los cambios producidos antes, durante y después de la pandemia en el trabajo de las influencers de moda, la evolución de las marcas de este sector en los medios digitales y las nuevas tendencias en el marketing de influencia que se han generado a raíz de esta nueva situación. Para ello, se realizará un análisis de contenido y una entrevista a profesionales del sector.
Pour faire face aux défis informationnels, numériques et médiatiques du 21e siècle
Authors: Michelot Florent
Published: February 2022

Les fausses nouvelles sont au cœur des préoccupations sociétales. Au Québec, le Cadre de référence de la compétence numérique (Gouvernement du Québec, 2019) soutient une approche rénovée des compétences informationnelles et numériques. Ce document est notamment inspiré de la métalittératie (Mackey et Jacobson, 2011) qui a aussi influencé le plus récent référentiel de l’Association of College and Research Librairies (ACRL). Bien que la portée du concept soit limitée en français, il mérite d’être considéré. Cette note conceptuelle présente la métalittératie dans une brève chronologie et la situe dans les enjeux relatifs à la nécessité de faire évoluer les littératies. Nous concluons la réflexion en décrivant des initiatives pédagogiques.
Plateforme numérique d’accompagnement professionnel en enseignement: défis liés à son élaboration, à sa mise en œuvre et aux stratégies collaboratives déployées
Authors: Collard Fortin Ugo , Gagné Andréanne , Coulombe Sandra , Cody Nadia , Rajotte Thomas , Doucet Manon
Published: February 2022

Les compétences du 21e siècle constituent des enjeux de formation devant davantage s’inscrire au cœur de la préparation de la relève enseignante. Parmi ces dernières compétences, la collaboration représente une voie prometteuse permettant certes d’agir positivement sur le développement de compétences en enseignement, mais pouvant également être utilisée comme un levier de développement pour les intervenants de cette formation. Le projet TrEnsForma (Transition pour les Enseignant(e)s en Formation) a vu le jour en s’appuyant sur cette prémisse. Se présentant sous la forme d’une plateforme numérique, ce dispositif d’accompagnement professionnel s’adresse aux futurs et nouveaux diplômés de tous les secteurs d’enseignement et met en œuvre des activités de mentorat, d’autoformation, de coformation ainsi que des ressources audiovisuelles et des formations créditées. TrEnsForma est développé « pour » et « par » la collaboration. À l’invitation du numéro thématique sur les C21, ce texte illustre les défis du développement (le « par ») de cette plateforme numérique misant sur la collaboration à la fois comme moteur de son élaboration et de sa mise en œuvre. Par le truchement du récit d’expérience, les grandes étapes ainsi que les activités qui ont été nécessaires pour assurer son édification sont décrites, ce qui permet de dégager les stratégies collaboratives qui se sont révélées des leviers tout au long du processus de réalisation du projet.
Comment développer ses compétences en TIC? L’expérience des personnes expertes de divers milieux du Réseau CompéTICA
Authors: Godin Jeanne , Freiman Viktor
Published: February 2022

Cet article identifie les attitudes, les défis et la formation qui ont permis à 42 personnes expertes du Canada atlantique et partenaires du Réseau CompéTICA d’acquérir des compétences en TIC. Les personnes expertes proviennent des milieux de l’éducation, de l’enseignement postsecondaire, des entreprises privées, du gouvernement et d’organismes à but lucratif, sans but lucratif et communautaires. À travers une méthode Delphi, il est démontré que la formation informelle est un facteur important dans la maitrise des compétences en TIC et que des attitudes spécifiques peuvent aider à les acquérir. À la suite des résultats obtenus, un cadre conceptuel est présenté.
Éditorial Faire le point sur les compétences du 21e siècle
Authors: Giroux Patrick , Freiman Viktor
Published: February 2022

Éditorial
Food Access, Identity, and Taste in Two Rural Cuban Communities
Authors: Moon Krystyn R. , Ward Jennifer Rhode , Rodriguez José Vazquez , Foyo Jorge
Published: February 2022

While many scholars have examined the idea of consumption preferences, also known as taste, in capitalist contexts, they have not explored how taste manifests in socialist or communist societies. In this case study, we query the ways in which two Cuban communities express taste through food choices and consumption patterns. We find that identity influences preferences less than the prevailing discourse around Cuban cuisine suggests. In addition, patterns among subjects’ responses speak to the ways in which local custom and larger structural forces intersect in respondents' lives. Instead of simply reflecting the notion of class differentiation through consumption, our subjects reveal the significance of gender roles and individual relationships to food production in their discussions of preferences. Thus, this study demonstrates that, while food preferences appear in this resource-constrained context, taste and actuality do not always align.
Esenciales pero vulnerables
Authors: Alarcón Rafael , Ramírez-García Telésforo
Published: February 2022

Como consecuencia de la pandemia del COVID-19, los trabajadores agrícolas en Estados Unidos fueron definidos por el Gobierno del expresidente Donald Trump como “trabajadores esenciales” a pesar de que la mitad de ellos son indocumentados. La mayor parte de estos trabajadores nacieron en México, y tanto los inmigrantes que ya residen en ese país como los que ingresan temporalmente con visas H-2A han continuado laborando para producir alimentos para toda la población. Este artículo analiza la participación laboral de estos trabajadores en Estados Unidos durante la pandemia y las condiciones socioeconómicas y laborales que los hacen especialmente vulnerables a ser infectados por el COVID-19. Los principales hallazgos revelan que, en 2020, los inmigrantes mexicanos, en comparación con el total de trabajadores estadounidenses, tuvieron la participación laboral más alta en actividades económicas consideradas como esenciales. A pesar de haber pasado de la invisibilidad a la visibilidad durante la pandemia, muchos trabajadores constituyen una población altamente vulnerable al coronavirus, especialmente los indocumentados que no cuentan con seguro médico. Asimismo, muchos trabajadores agrícolas poseen distintas comorbilidades, como diabetes mellitus, hipertensión arterial y obesidad, que constituyen factores de riesgo para el COVID-19.
Guerillas in the City
Authors: Nguyen Uyen
Published: February 2022

This article examines the administrative takeover of Hà Nội as a Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV) state-making project in the immediate postwar period (1954–1960). This administrative takeover happened in two stages. First, the DRV “grafted” onto the existing structure to ensure that public administration continued to function. Later, the system was slowly transformed as Associated State of Vietnam (ASV) state employees were sidelined and replaced by the DRV’s own personnel. This article argues that the establishment of the DRV administration in Hà Nội, like other state-making projects that took place throughout the northern territory during the 1950s, was a complicated process that required deliberation, adjustment, and coercion.
Influence of Educational Methods on Bowel Preparation for Coloncopy: Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Kildušis Edvinas , Brimas Gintautas
Published: February 2022

Background. To review and evaluate the influence of bowel preparation educational methods for colonoscopy used in world practice. Research material and methods. Scientific publications have been searched in PubMed, Cochrane Libraly, Google Scholar and SpringerLink databases since 2011 January 1 until 2020 May 10. The following keywords were used in the search: improving bowel preparation, cleansing, colonoscopy, education, enhanced, method, instruction, intervention, comparison, validated bowel preparation scale, adult participants. The specified inclusion and exclusion criteria were used in the selection of articles, and a detailed analysis of educational methods was performed. Results. This systematic review includes 21 articles, which assesses the various ways in which patients are educated before colonoscopy. The publications are divided into 3 groups: (1) patients in the study group educated in some way are compared with those in the control group who received standard instructions; (2) all patients received standard instructions, and the patients in the study group were additionally educated in some way and compared with the control group; (3) all patients received standard instructions, and patients in the study groups (there was more than one study group) were additionally educated in some way and the study groups were compared with each other. The main comparative results of the used bowel preparation for colonoscopy educational methods are presented. Conclusion. It is necessary to objectively (quantitatively, using standardized scales) evaluate the effectiveness of emerging patient bowel preparation before colonoscopy educational methods, to standardize patient training (education) protocols, so that it is possible to properly compare different forms of education.
Structure Characteristics of Light Cluster Nuclei with Extra Nucleons
Authors: Grinyuk B.E. , Simenog I.V.
Published: February 2022

The cluster nuclei 6Li, 6He, 10Be, and 10C are studied as systems consisting of α-particles and two extra nucleons. The structure functions of these nuclei are found within the variational approach. The charge density distributions, form factors, and pair correlation functions are presented and explained.
On Molecular Bonding Logic and Matrix Representation of Constant and Balanced Boolean Functions
Authors: Kryachko E.S.
Published: February 2022

Representing a bonding manifold of a molecule or molecular cluster by a graph given by a set of vertices associated with atoms and a set of edges imitating bonds, the bonding edge encoding formalism is defined on n-tuples qubits in terms of the NOT logic gate acting on the "non-bonded" string. This formalism is illustrated by the simplest diatomic and triatomic molecules whose adjacency matrices generate different quadratic Boolean functions, among which the balanced function appears. In this regard, we review the Deutsch–Jozsa quantum algorithm, well-known in quantum computing, that discriminates between the balanced and constant Boolean functions. A novel matrix representation of the constant-balancedquantum oracle within this algorithm is elaborated. The proposed approach is generalized to distinguish between constant and evenly balanced Boolean functions.
S-matrix and the Aharonov−Bohm Effect
Authors: Sitenko Yu.A. , Vlasii N.D.
Published: February 2022

The S-matrix for the Aharonov–Bohm scattering is considered, and the optical theorem is derived. The persistence of the Fraunhofer diffraction in the short-wavelength limit is shown to be crucial for maintaining the optical theorem in the quasiclassical limit.
Early Sexual Debut and Neighborhood Social Environment in Latinx Youth
Authors: Minnis Alexandra M. , Browne Erica N. , Chavez Marisol , McGlone Linda , Raymond-Flesch Marissa , Auerswald Colette
Published: February 2022

OBJECTIVES

To examine whether social aspects of the neighborhood environment are associated with early sexual initiation in a California agricultural community of predominantly Latinx adolescents.

METHODS

In a prospective cohort study of 599 eighth graders recruited from middle schools in Salinas, California (2015–2019), participants completed five interviews over 2 years. Social environment measures included neighborhood social dynamics (neighborhood disorder, social cohesion, and social network gang exposure); experiences of discrimination; and school connectedness. We estimated associations between baseline social environment and early sexual initiation (<15 years) using Poisson regression with robust standard errors. We compared contraceptive self-efficacy and attitudes by sexual initiation status using ANOVA.

RESULTS

Most youth were Latinx (94%) and age 13 (70%) at enrollment; 53% were female and 49% had a parent employed in agriculture. Additionally, 14% reported first vaginal sex before age 15. Neighborhood disorder (relative risk [RR], 1.13; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05–1.21), social network gang exposure (RR, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.49–3.33), and experiences of discrimination (RR, 1.67 [1–2 events versus none], 95% CI, 1.09–2.55; RR, 2.33 [3+ events versus none], 95% CI, 1.07–4.64) were associated with early sexual initiation. School connectedness was protective (RR, 0.44, 95% CI, 0.29–0.69). Youth who initiated sex before age 15 had more negative birth control attitudes and expressed lower motivation to use contraceptives.

CONCLUSIONS

Findings underscore opportunities to promote early adolescent sexual health through strengthening supportive and safe neighborhood environments with the promise of addressing disparities in unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infection rates in later adolescence.
Las condiciones asociadas a la experiencia de éxito universitario de las mujeres con discapacidad
Authors: Morera Marcela Ramírez
Published: February 2022

Introducción: En el presente artículo[1] se expone el proceso y resultado desarrollado en una investigación doctoral que analiza las condiciones de éxito académico de las mujeres con discapacidad en la educación superior costarricense. En esta se muestra que ellas son mujeres determinadas, con metas claras y que han transitado a través de trayectorias académicas caracterizadas por el enfrentamiento constante de barreras y el apoyo incondicional de las familias como eje fundamental de su éxito.

Objetivo: El artículo comprende las experiencias de éxito académico de las mujeres en situación de discapacidad en las universidades costarricenses, a partir de las condiciones endógenas, familiares y sociales.

Método: Se acude al paradigma de la codificación de la teoría fundamentada, mediante la escucha atenta de los textos discursivos obtenidos de las narraciones biográficas, desarrolladas por medio de cuatro focos de discusión (personal, familiar, docente y grupo de pares).

[Continúa leyendo en el artículo]
New record of Chinese Reddish Mantis, Hierodula chinensis Werner, 1929 (Mantodea, Mantidae) from Japan
Authors: Yamasaki Kazuhisa , Schütte Kai , Nawa Tetsuo
Published: February 2022

We report on a new distribution record of Hierodula chinensis Werner, 1929 from Gifu Prefecture, Honshu, Japan. This species is distributed in China and recently recorded from Korea. This is the first formal record of this species from Japan. Our comparison of the morphological characters of Japanese specimens with those of type specimens revealed that H. chinensis from Japan has dimorphic male genitalia and retains morphological diversity.
Influência da prática do CrossFit® sobre a função muscular do assoalho pélvico em mulheres
Authors: Bezerra Ketiane Moura , Monteiro Rainara Dos Santos , Da Costa Lima Thiffany Da Costa , De Macêdo Rafaela Cordeiro
Published: February 2022

Resumo | Introdução: O CrossFit® é uma atividade física com movimentos de alta intensidade e variações constantes que causam sobrecarga na musculatura perineal, tornando-se um fator de risco para o surgimento de disfunções do assoalho pélvico. Objetivo: Verificar os efeitos do CrossFit® na função muscular do assoalho pélvico. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo, observacional, descritivo e quantitativo com mulheres entre 19 a 40 anos, a avaliação funcional do assoalho pélvico foi feita através do esquema PERFECT e da função sexual através do questionário Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). Resultados: Participaram da pesquisa 32 mulheres, com média de idade de 25,56 anos, o tempo de prática do Crossfit® foi em torno de 18,28 meses, 75% destas relataram perda de urina durante a execução dos exercícios: Double under, Box jump, Medicine ball clean e Kettlebell swing, quanto ao PERFECT demostrou-se baixo em todas as variáveis e no escore total do FSFI com valor 26 expressando alto risco de disfunção sexual. Conclusão: O CrossFit® interfere na funcionalidade da musculatura do assoalho pélvico (MAP) e somados com o tipo parto, número de gestações está modalidade contribui para desencadear a incontinência urinária durante a prática do esporte, favorecendo a redução da força do MAP influenciando diretamente na função sexual.
Self-rated health in university students: a systematic review
Authors: Ferreira Mariana Da Silva , Farias Gildeene Silva , Nunes Sandra Adriana Neves , Papini Camila Bosquiero , Sousa Thiago Ferreira de
Published: February 2022

Objective: To determine, through a systematic review, the prevalence of self-rated health (SRH) in university students, as well as the factors associated. Methods: The data was collected in the databases PubMed, SciELO, Virtual Health Library, LILACS, Web of Science and Scopus, and through manual searches. This study adopted the PRISMA checklist and recommendations. The selected articles were analyzed according to their methodological characteristics and the critical evaluation guidelines. Studies that estimated SRH  in university students were eligible. Results: Of the 1.416 articles found, 19 composed this review. Positive results in the SRH varied from 61.8% to 94.5%, and negative ones, from 3.4% to 38.2%, in students from different countries. The cross-sectional design was adopted in all studies. The studies used different questions and answers in the SRH. Having inadequate nutrition, leisure, physical inactivity, severe stress, and health complaints were the factors that were most associated with a negative SRH. Conclusions: The prevalence results of negative SRH in university students from different countries and the associated factors indicate the need for health promotion actions in this environment
Suicide Mortality in the United States, 2000–2020
Authors: Garnett Matthew , Curtin Sally , Stone Deborah
Published: February 2022

This report presents final suicide rates for 2000–2020 in total and by sex, age group, and means of suicide, using mortality data from the National Vital Statistics System.
Application of Fuzzy Mathematics Models for Solving Medical Diagnostics Problems
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Germashev Ilya , Dubovskaya Viktoriya ,   Volgograd State University
Published: February 2022

Fuzzy set theory and fuzzy logic are a very suitable and applicable framework for developing knowledge-based systems in medicine for tasks such as interpreting medical outcome sets, differentiating syndromes, diagnosing various diseases, choosing optimal treatment tactics, and monitoring patients in real time. fuzzy logic is similar to the system of human thinking and, therefore, can cope with the uncertainties and inaccuracies found by the specialist in the course of working with the patient and making a medical diagnosis. The analysis of modern medical practice and literature sources proves the advantages of using fuzzy data analysis methods. this paper presents an overview of various studies in the field of diseases of the cardiovascular system, cholera, brain tumors, lungs, etc. the successful use of various fuzzy logic systems and classification applications highlights the advantages of using fuzzy logic methods in the fight against diseases that require software for their accurate detection, and concludes that this strategy is applicable to the differential diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer.
Role of optical illusions and acoustic effects in the city architecture and the assessment of their impact on human
Authors: Kurochkina Valentina , Khlebnikov Sergey , Chernykh Valerii , Soloviev Kirill
Published: February 2022

The modern person spends the most part of time in the urban environment. Any environment influences human. At the moment, the issue of psychological impact of architecture on people is especially topical. The analysis of the foreign and domestic developments and research, describing the influence of urban development, architecture of buildings and the interior of rooms in terms of architecture psychology is presented in the article. The authors studied the phenomenon of architecture psychology during the research as well as the main methods of psychological influence, characteristic of architecture, and methods of their realization in practice.
The research concerns the optical illusions and acoustic effects in architecture objects, having the largest potential as instruments of psychological impact on human. The authors of the article developed classification of optical illusions by the purposes of their use and the nature of origin during the research. The most striking examples of the use of optical illusions and acoustic effects in already existing buildings and structures are reviewed in the article. The main design methods of the similar phenomena are also provided.
The negative impact of noise pollution is also considered in the work besides the positive impact of sound on human. Its sources and measures, directed to the decrease in negative noise impact, are also described.
The principles of the creation of positive sound influence in architecture were studied. The extent of impact of these architectural acceptances on psychological state of human is revealed as the result. According to that the conclusions are drawn on the need of taking into account of psychological influence of objects of architecture at the design stage.
Correlation between the range of rotation of the hip and the radiographic signs of cam and pincer morphology in femoroacetabular impingement syndrome
Authors: Silva Andreza Maroneze da , Nakatake Flávia Marques , Xavier Vivian Bertoni , Alves Vera Lúcia dos Santos , Polesello Giancarlo Cavalli
Published: February 2022

Abstract Objective: To determine whether hip rotation correlates with the radiographic signs of cam or pincer deformity after hip arthroscopy in patients with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome. Materials and Methods: This was a single-center retrospective study of data collected between 2014 and 2017. The study sample included 65 patients between 18 and 55 years of age who underwent hip arthroscopy for the treatment of unilateral femoroacetabular impingement. The following data were collected for the periods prior to and six months after surgery range of medial and lateral rotation of the hip; measures on anteroposterior X-rays of the pelvis obtained in the standing position and on ateral X-rays in the Ducroquet profile view; and score on the 33-item International Hip Outcome Tool. Results: Mean preoperative and postoperative values were as follows: 19.26 ± 10.39° and 30.95 ± 3.52°, respectively, for medial rotation of the hip (p < 0.001); 73.85 ± 6.62° and 68.12 ± 5.04°, respectively, for the anteroposterior alpha angle (p < 0.001); 56.97 ± 6.09° and 50.61 ± 5.39°, respectively, for the lateral alpha angle (p < 0.001); and 0.17 ± 0.11 and 0.07 ± 0.08, respectively, for the acetabular retroversion index (p < 0.001). The crossover sign was identified in 75.4% of the patients before surgery and in 44.6% after (p < 0.001). Although there was an increase in the range of hip rotation and an improvement in radiographic parameters after arthroscopy, we detected no direct correlation between the two. Conclusion: Hip arthroscopy can improve medial rotation of the hip, as well as reducing cam and pincer deformities, in patients with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome. However, those findings do not appear to be directly correlated.
Concomitant COVID-19 and pulmonary tuberculosis: computed tomography aspects
Authors: Mançano Alexandre Dias , Zanetti Gláucia , Marchiori Edson
Published: February 2022

Abstract Objective: To describe the relationship between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and pulmonary tuberculosis during the current pandemic, as well as to describe the main computed tomography (CT) findings in patients suffering from both diseases simultaneously. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional observational study of the chest CT scans of 360 patients with COVID-19, as confirmed by RT-PCR. Results: In four (1.1%) of the patients, changes suggestive of COVID-19 and tuberculosis were observed on the initial CT scan of the chest. On chest CT scans performed for the follow-up of COVID-19, cavitary lesions with bronchogenic spread were observed in two of the four patients, whereas alterations consistent with the progression of fibrous scarring related to previous tuberculosis were observed in the two other patients. The diagnosis of tuberculosis was confirmed by the isolation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Conclusion: Albeit rare, concomitant COVID-19 and tuberculosis can be suggested on the basis of the CT aspects. Radiologists should be aware of this possibility, because initial studies indicate that mortality rates are higher in patients suffering from both diseases simultaneously.
ADAPTATION AND VALIDATION OF A MULTIDISCIPLINARY CHECKLIST FOR ROUNDS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
Authors: Maran Edilaine , Matsuda Laura Misue , Marcon Sonia Silva , Haddad Maria do Carmo Fernandez Lourenço , Costa Maria Antonia Ramos , Magalhães Ana Maria Muller de
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: to perform the adaptation, content validation and semantic analysis of a Multidisciplinary Checklist used in rounds in Intensive Care Units for adults. Method: a methodological study, consisting of three stages: Adaptation of the checklist, performed by one of the authors; Content validation, performed by seven judges/health professionals from a public teaching hospital in Paraná; and Semantic analysis, performed in a philanthropic hospital in the same state. Agreement of the judges and of the target audience in the content validation and semantic analysis stages was calculated using the Content Validity Index and the Agreement Index, respectively, with a minimum acceptable value of 0.80. Results: in the content validation stage, the checklist obtained a total agreement of 0.84. Of the 16 items included in the instrument, 11 (68.75%) were readjusted and four (25%) were excluded for not reaching the minimum agreement. The readjusted items referred to sedation; analgesia; nutrition; glycemic control; headboard elevation; gastric ulcer prophylaxis; prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism; indwelling urinary catheter, central venous catheter; protective mechanical ventilation and spontaneous breathing test. Regarding the items excluded, they referred to the cuff pressure of the orotracheal tube and to Nursing care measures such as taking the patient out of the bed, pressure injury prophylaxis, and ophthalmoprotection. In the semantic analysis, the final agreement of the instrument's items was 0.96. Conclusion: after two evaluation rounds by the judges, testing in critically-ill patients and high inter-evaluator agreement index, the Multidisciplinary Checklist is found with validated content suitable for use in rounds in intensive care.
Ligas acadêmicas e formação médica: validação de um instrumento para avaliação e percepção discente
Authors: Misael Jailton Rocha , Santos Júnior Claudio José dos , Wanderley Flávia Accioly Canuto
Published: February 2022

Resumo: Introdução: As Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais de Medicina de 2014 incentivam a utilização de metodologias que privilegiem a participação ativa do aluno na construção do conhecimento e na integração entre os conteúdos, assegurando a indissociabilidade do ensino, da pesquisa e da extensão, sendo as ligas acadêmicas (LA) uma dessas estratégias. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo validar um instrumento de avaliação da contribuição de LA no processo de formação médica por meio da percepção discente. Método: Trata-se de um estudo metodológico com a adoção das etapas de validação de conteúdo, a partir da construção de um questionário e submissão a um comitê de juízes, que propiciaram a retificação e inclusão de itens, além de avaliarem o grau de concordância entre os especialistas. Por conseguinte, a consistência interna foi analisada por meio das aplicações do instrumento num grupo-piloto, sob o método teste-reteste, analisando a clareza linguística, a fidedignidade e a reprodutibilidade temporal. Resultado: Inicialmente foi proposto um instrumento de 14 itens, agrupados em quatro dimensões. Diante da submissão ao comitê de experts, houve a restruturação e inserção de assertivas. Por meio do Índice de Validade de Conteúdo, duas sentenças foram excluídas, resultando em 19 asserções. Na primeira aplicação no grupo-piloto, preponderou a compreensão de todos os itens pelos estudantes, alçando o coeficiente de α de Cronbach de 0,829. Para a análise da estabilidade temporal, os coeficientes de correlação intraclasse intra e interavaliadores certificaram a excelente reprodutibilidade do instrumento. Por fim, foi possível qualificar a contribuição das LA por meio da estratificação dos escores médios do instrumento. Conclusão: O questionário de avaliação da contribuição de LA no processo de formação médica é um instrumento válido e confiável.
Predictive ability of severity scores and outcomes for mortality in kidney transplant recipients with coronavirus disease 2019 admitted to the intensive care unit: results from a Brazilian single-center cohort study
Authors: Peruzzo Maria Bethânia , Requião-Moura Lúcio , Nakamura Mônica Rica , Viana Laila , Cristelli Marina , Tedesco-Silva Hélio , Medina-Pestana José
Published: February 2022

Abstract Background: the predictive ability of severity scores for mortality in patients admitted to intensive care units is not well-known among kidney transplanted (KT) patients, especially those diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the predictive ability of severity scores for mortality in KT recipients. Methods: 51 KT recipients with COVID-19 diagnosis were enrolled. The performance of the SOFA, SAPS 3, and APACHE IV tools in predicting mortality after COVID-19 was compared by the area under the ROC curve (AUC-ROC) and univariate Cox regression analysis was performed. Results: The 90-day cumulative incidence of death was 63.4%. Only APACHE IV score differed between survivors and nonsurvivors: 91.2±18.3 vs. 106.5±26.3, P = 0.03. The AUC- ROC of APACHE IV for predicting death was 0.706 (P = 0.04) and 0.656 (P = 0.06) at 7 and 90 days, respectively. Receiving a kidney from a deceased donor (HR = 3.16; P = 0.03), troponin levels at admission (HR for each ng/mL = 1.001; P = 0.03), APACHE IV score (HR for each 1 point = 1.02; P = 0.01), mechanical ventilation (MV) requirement (HR = 3.04; P = 0.002) and vasopressor use on the first day after ICU admission (HR = 3.85; P < 0.001) were associated with the 90-day mortality in the univariate analysis. Conclusion: KT recipients had high mortality, which was associated with type of donor, troponin levels, early use of vasopressors, and MV requirement. The other traditional severity scores investigated could not predict mortality.
O financiamento educacional no Espírito Santo: o que dizem os gestores de Educação Especial
Authors: França Marileide Gonçalves , Melo Douglas Christian Ferrari de , Almeida Mariangela Lima de
Published: February 2022

Resumo O artigo analisa a compreensão dos gestores de Educação Especial do estado do Espírito Santo acerca do financiamento dessa modalidade de Ensino. Assume, como perspectiva teórico-metodológica, a pesquisa-ação colaborativo-crítica, que se ocupa simultaneamente da ação e da investigação. A pesquisa evidencia que alguns gestores demonstram ter conhecimento sobre o financiamento da Educação Especial, em relação à fonte de recursos, normativas, dupla matrícula no Fundeb e programas específicos. No entanto, faz-se necessário destacar os gestores que desconhecem a temática, o que revela o desafio da formação para esses profissionais que atuam na gestão da Educação Especial nos municípios.
The Challenges of Climate Change for Migration
Authors: Kakuk Gabriella
Published: February 2022

Nowadays, when we want to describe environmental conditions, terms like air, water and soil pollution, melting glaciers, devastating drought, rising sea levels, population problems or the decrease of biodiversity are among the first ones to come up. The environment has always been a driver of migration. The estimation on the total number of environmental migrants due to global factors such as population growth, poverty, governance, human security and conflict, which have a huge impact, is quite challenging. As for the predictions, this amount may range from 25 million to one billion by the year 2050.2 Europe has become one of the most important immigration destinations in recent decades, and migratory pressures are increasing. Furthermore, the continent is affected not only by external exodus, but also by internal migration, as a result of environmental degradation, which can also be observed there, further accelerating the process of internal migration. The immigration policies of most destination countries are not conducive to receiving large numbers of environmental migrants, unless they enter through already existing admission categories. Thus typically, the purpose of the residence is employment, education and family reunification, but what about the people who had to leave their homes because of the environmental degradation? During the coronavirus pandemic economic activity slowed down, causing a reduction in carbon emissions, but due to the constant deterioration of the environmental conditions there are a lot of discussions about the term sustainable development. The aim of this study is to demonstrate how climate change has a major role to play in the migration tendencies, as it may amplify the existing political, social or economic problems. Discussing this topic, it is inevitable to use the term environmental refugee. After an overview of the relevant scientific literature, the author looks for the answer to the question whether there have been any changes in the regulations since the introduction of this concept.
Kiképzés és szimuláció : A MARCUS konstruktív szimulációs rendszer továbbfejlesztési lehetőségei
Authors: Zsitnyányi Attila
Published: February 2022

Az utóbbi évtizedben a korszerű kiképzésben, a világ minden haderejénél meghatározóvá vált a szimulációs eszközök alkalmazása. A Zrínyi Honvédelmi és Haderőfejlesztési Program (Zrínyi HHP) keretében beszerzésre kerülő új eszközök megjelenésével szükség van a Magyar Honvédségnél rendelkezésre álló szimulációs képességek hadműveleti/harcászati követelményeinek felülvizsgálatára. A konstruktív és virtuális szimulációs kiképzés területén, Magyarország jelentős nemzeti képességekkel rendelkezik. Az új feladatok egyben új lehetőségek is a hazai védelmi ipar számára. Jelen tanulmány az alkalmazók által megfogalmazott igényeket, valamint a magyar fejlesztésű MARCUS konstruktív szimulációs rendszerrel kapcsolatos fejlesztői terveket foglalja össze.
Ecologia: Inteligencia Artificial para el cuidado del medio ambiente, prototipo de clasificación de residuos sólidos en punto de origen
Authors: Pinto Rodríguez Víctor , Muñoz Ordóñez Julián , Pardo Burbano Michael
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: Construir el primer prototipo de punto ecológico inteligente que asista al usuario en la correcta clasificación de residuos sólidos en punto de origen utilizando Deep Learning, aportando nuevas tecnologías que estén enfocadas en mitigar el impacto climático causado por la mala gestión de los residuos sólidos. Metodología: para el desarrollo de la investigación se implementó la metodología LEAN de Toyota y la herramienta Solid Works para diseñar un prototipo acorde a las necesidades de un punto ecológico, incluyendo un análisis estructural y pruebas de peso con el fin de medir su capacidad de resistencia. La metodología ágil aplicada para el desarrollo de la inteligencia artificial y la conformación del conjunto de imágenes fue programación extrema. Resultados y conclusiones: se construye un conjunto de datos de tres clases acorde a la resolución 2184 de 2019 de Colombia, que contiene un total de 400 muestras tomadas desde el prototipo. El modelo de clasificación utilizando una arquitectura de bajo coste computacional: MobileNet obtuvo una precisión del 97.91% en la validación y un coeficiente kappa de 0.95. El modelo entrenado se ejecuta sobre una Raspberry Pi con el fin de minimizar costos de producción. La investigación presenta una prueba de aceptación y usabilidad del prototipo.