bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ethnolinguistic Identity, Coping Strategies and Language Use among Young Hungarians in Slovakia
Authors: Vincze Laszlo , Dragojevic Marko , Gasiorek Jessica , Miočević Milica
Published: February 2021

The purpose of the present paper was to investigate the propositions of ethnolinguistic identity theory among young Hungarian speakers in Slovakia. Specifically, we aimed to explore the role of ethnolinguistic identification, vitality and boundary permeability in coping with negative ethnolinguistic identities, and also how these effects impact language use. Self-report questionnaire data were collected among Hungarian-speaking secondary school students in (N = 311). The data were analyzed using a Bayesian moderated mediation analysis with informative priors for coefficients based on an earlier study. The results provided mixed support for the hypotheses. Ethnolinguistic mobility appeared to be an outcome of a complex process, where identification, vitality and permeability operate interactively; at the same time, ethnolinguistic competition was independent of the perception of vitality and permeability, but a sole consequence of strong Hungarian identification. In addition, the results indicated that identification, vitality and competency in the outgroup language were factors predicting language use, whereas there was no support for the anticipated mediating effect of coping strategies. Findings are discussed in relation to ethnolinguistic identity theory and to the particular qualities of the local context.
From foreign language teaching methodology to comparative glottodidactics
Authors: Gębal Przemysław Ernest , Nawracka Monika Janina
Published: February 2021

The article presents the results of a diachronic analysis of language education in Poland from the 1950 s to the present day. We reflect on the evolution of theoretical thinking on language teaching methodology and its influence on everyday teaching practice. The approach taken is chronological, both in terms of the description of theory which is developed and implemented as well as the language education. This is an arbitrary choice which we feel is justified by the socio-political context. The analysis starts with a presentation of the tradition of teaching foreign languages in Poland followed by a description of use of terminology. Qualitative empirical research from structured interviews with researchers who have significantly influenced contemporary Polish glottodidactics is used to complement the analysis.
Localising Chinese language curriculum construction: A case study in an Australian primary school
Authors: Zhao K.
Published: February 2021

Chinese is now the second most commonly spoken language in Australia. There is a growing interest in learning Chinese in local schools. However, it is reported that the principally English-speaking learners in Australia have great difficulties and challenges in learning Chinese. The high dropout rate in Chinese courses demonstrates this. This paper presents a case study conducted in a local public school in New South Wales. The purpose of this study is to explore and employ the local students’ daily recurring sociolinguistic activities, performed in English at school, for creating suitable learning content. In this way, a localised Chinese curriculum is constructed in the Australian educational environment. The case study shows that the local students’ translanguaging aptitudes between English and Chinese are developing and becoming influential, as they have engaged in learning Chinese in the form of a local practice – playing chess, which is a typical instance of their daily recurring sociolinguistic activities in school. Therefore, in the process of such contextualised learning practices, not only can Chinese be made learnable for them, but also the specific vocabulary learnt can be the basis for their wider learning of Chinese in the future.
Microstructure and Tribological Properties of TPU/Fluoropolymer Composites
Authors: Rohm K. , Amirkhosravi M. , Manas-Zloczower I.
Published: February 2021

A network of poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) microfibers in a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) was prepared by melt mixing the TPU with solid PTFE particles. The effect of rotor speed on the fiber dimensions was investigated. Higher shear stress was found to be the critical parameter for producing thinner PTFE fibers, rather than the shear rate imposed by the mixer. Shear stress transfer from the melt to the PTFE crystal results in solid phase plastic deformation, and the efficiency of the deformation depends on the shear stress in the matrix. All of the PTFE fiber/TPU composites show lower coefficients of friction compared with the neat TPU. The magnitude of the coefficient of friction was found to correlate with the interfacial area between PTFE and TPU generated by the microfiber network. However, for macroscale PTFE agglomerates, the reduction in the coefficient of friction is mostly affected by the uneven distribution of PTFE in the bulk and on the molded part surface.
Inverse Rheological Methods for the Determination of Polymer Structures, Diffusion of Small Molecules and Nanofiber Lengths
Authors: Cassagnau P.
Published: February 2021

This paper presents so-called inverse rheology methods to determine various parameters that are essential to go further in terms of modelling and/or simulation in the field of polymer processing. The following systems from our previous works are presented: i) Determination of the molecular structure of a poly(e-caprolactone) polymerized in-situ by ring-opening; ii) Measurement of the mutual diffusion coefficient: two cases are considered, namely the diffusion of a plasticizer and the diffusion of an organic peroxide in a polymer melt and iii) Determination of the average length of polymer nanofibers in suspension and study of the universal behavior of nanofibers of different natures in dilute and semi-dilute suspensions. The application of these different studies in the field of reactive extrusion, blending and multi-scale structuring are presented and discussed.
Preparation, Characterization and Processing of PCL/PHO Blends by 3D Bioplotting
Authors: Gopi S. , Ramsay B. A. , Ramsay J. A. , Kontopoulou M.
Published: February 2021

Blends of polycaprolactone (PCL) and poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate) P(3HO) were prepared by melt compounding. These immiscible blends exhibited droplet-matrix morphology at compositions up to 30 wt% P(3HO). Even though the addition of amorphous P(3HO) decreased the crystallinity of PCL, the crystallization temperature of the blends increased by 6 to 7 8C. Blends containing up to 30 wt% P(3HO) had higher crystallization rates, and lower crystallization half-times compared to neat PCL. The viscosity of PCL decreased upon addition of P(3HO), making the blends suitable for processing using a 3D bioplotter. Compositions with 10 to 30 wt% P(3HO) were ideal for processing, because of their improved crystallization kinetics, reduced stickiness and good flow properties. Estimation of the interfacial tension by fitting the Palierne model to the linear viscoelastic properties of the blends revealed good compatibility, which gave rise to synergistic effects in the thermal and mechanical properties. The fibres prepared by 3D bioplotting maintained droplet matrix morphology, with finer particle size than the original compounded material. In addition to favourable viscosity and thermal properties, the extruded fibres containing 30 wt% P(3HO) had comparable modulus to the neat PCL, while exhibiting good ductility. These blends may be suitable alternatives to PCL for biomedical applications, because they provide a range of crystallinities, crystallization rates and viscosities.
A Christian Art? Søren Kierkegaard’s Views on Music and Musical Performance Reconsidered
Authors: Petersen Nils Holger
Published: February 2021

While the only extensive discussion of music in Kierkegaard’s work is the famous treatise based on Mozart’s opera Don Giovanni in the first part of the pseudonymous Either/Or (1843), Kierkegaard did write other brief passages, in which he made comments on musical aspects. Two recent articles have pointed to attitudes toward music in such passages which seem to differ from the negative evaluation of music as a religious or theological medium in the first part of Either/Or by the fictitious aesthete A. With a point of departure in the two mentioned articles, I attempt to further discuss the possible relationship between the ethical and the aesthetic in Kierkegaard’s musical thought, involving passages from both parts of Either/Or as well as a few journal-entries. Finally, Erika Fischer-Lichte’s distinction between staging and performativity is brought to bear on these issues.
Between the Two Ethics: Why Assessor Wilhelm is not a Judge
Authors: Bachmetjevas Viktoras
Published: February 2021

Although there is a broad agreement among Kierkegaard’s scholars that Assessor Wilhelm is an ethical thinker, the agreement on what kind of ethics his standpoint represents has been much harder to come by. The suggestions range from Schiller to Aristotle and from Kant to Hegel. The article contends that the apparent lack of a coherent ethical theory on Assessor Wilhelm’s part is in fact part of a deliberate ethical strategy. Based on Vigilius Haufniensis’ distinction between first and second ethics, it is argued that Assessor Wilhelm occupies a space in between, in which he attempts to create a dynamic for A in the direction of the so-called second ethics, and this by mainly using ironic means.
Of Clairvoyants and Mousvoyants: Kierkegaard’s Polemic against Speculative Philosophy in the “Telegraph Messages”
Authors: Li Elizabeth
Published: February 2021

This article explores Kierkegaard’s largely overlooked 1838 paper “Telegraph Messages from a Mousvoyant to a Clairvoyant concerning the Relation between Xnty and Philosophy,” and argues that it can be read as a polemic against the speculative unity of philosophy and Christianity and speculative thought’s epistemological optimism, especially targeting the Danish speculative theologian Hans Lassen Martensen. It will be suggested that the “Telegraph Messages” offer a corrective to this view by separating Christianity and philosophy and underlining the ambiguity of human existence and the paradoxicality of the religious sphere, thus foreshadowing key themes in Kierkegaard’s mature pseudonymous authorship.
The crystal structure of diphenyalmine hydrochloride antimony trichloride co-crystallizate, C12H12Cl4NSb – Localization of hydrogen atoms
Authors: Averdunk Arthur , Hosten Eric C. , Betz Richard
Published: February 2021

C12H12Cl4NSb, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 5.6693(2) Å, b = 20.2385(7) Å, c = 14.3908(5) Å, β = 100.3830(10)°, V = 1624.14(10) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0192, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0430, T = 200 K.
Misplaced in Contexts, Lost in Meaning
Authors: Chernyavskaya Valeria
Published: February 2021

This paper focuses on the meaning-making process as embedded in the situation in which it takes place. It puts forward the key question of what kind of knowledge is relevant to understanding. Thus, there are three central notions in the framework discussed: context, contextualization and context change. The paper is formulated against the background of a theory of metapragmatics, and it is in line with interactional sociolinguistics, as well as cultural linguistics. The results and findings will contribute to the on-going methodological discussions on contexts and contextualization and demonstrate that under certain conditions some external factors may prove to be very strong and determinant. Politically loaded perception and construction of meanings may be decisive in foregrounding some meanings. The paper will show that the dominating political viewpoint in a certain period of time and place may act as a driving force which foregrounds certain meanings and manages a certain way of understanding of texts/utterances. Contextualization can go wrong, and misplacing utterances in contexts may lead to social misunderstandings. As a conclusion, it is stressed that further investigation of context change is a valuable heuristic approach in the metapragmatic and discourse sensitive dimension in linguistic analyses. Conclusions about the samples under discussion can also motivate a deeper consideration of social effects of misunderstandings to protect us from conflicts.
Bio-concentration of Copper in the Oreochromis mossambicus and Safe Level of Consumption
Authors: Budiyono Budiyono , Rosahada Ailsa Devina , Dewanti Nikie Astorina
Published: February 2021

Copper (Cu) is a heavy metal that is absorbed by organisms, such as Oreochromis mossambicus fish. This research aims to measure the bio-concentration of Cu in Oreochromis mossambicus and to predict the daily consumption of the fish. Samples of Oreochromis mossambicus fish were obtained from fishermen and collectors. The Cu concentration in the water and 30 fish was identified using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry method. Questionnaires were employed to identify the demographic data of 101 respondents. The average concentration of Cu in the Oreochromis mossambicus fish and Rawapening Lake's water was 0.063 mg/l and 0.6 mg/kg, respectively. Furthermore, the bio-concentration of Cu in the Oreochromis mossambicus fish was 10.26±5.17 and categorized as low, while the average daily consumption of fish was 225±36.89 g/day. Therefore, it was concluded that the average bio-concentration and the daily consumption of the fish are in the low and safe category respectively.
Stakeholder Mapping Analysis on the Scaling-Up Nutrition Movement during the 1000 Days of Life between the Urban and Rural Government Areas
Authors: Sriatmi Ayun , Jati Sutopo Patria , Suryoputro Antono , Fatmasari Eka Yunila
Published: February 2021

The Scaling-Up Nutrition (SUN) Movement was an intervention to overcome chronic malnutrition through integrated stakeholder collaboration. Furthermore, the roles of stakeholders' in the SUN-Movement were not optimal and their characteristics were not yet known based on the groups and government areas (cities and regency). This study aims to map the SUN-Movement stakeholders' roles in different groups and government areas based on their attitudes, powers, and interests. This is an observational descriptive research with a qualitative approach. Totally of 30 institutions as stakeholders were involved in this study and divided into 3 different groups, namely Decision Maker (DM), Provider (P), and Clients & Representatives (CR). The DM group have the power to influence programs. Also, the P group was better at handling technical issues, however, it cannot build collaboration with other stakeholders. The CR tend to build this collaboration passively, nevertheless, it does not consider the SUN-Movement to be important. Consequently, each stakeholder views their roles differently. Different perceptions about stakeholders' roles in various indicators and government areas reveals an implementation gap in the SUN-Movement. Therefore, in conclusion, strengthening advocacy, coordination, routine socialization, and communication between stakeholders could bridge the needs, constraints and challenges that cause malnutrition and stunting.
A Literature review on the Identification of Variables for Measuring Hospital Efficiency in the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)
Authors: Fazria Nokky Farra , Dhamanti Inge
Published: February 2021

The selection of input and output variables usually pose a problem when carrying out efficiency assessment in hospitals. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is an instrument that is used to calculate the efficiency of a hospital using some inputs and outputs. Therefore, this study aims to identify the most frequently used hospital inputs and outputs from an existing paper,, in order to assist the hospital management staffs in choosing the relevant variables that can represent available inputs, are easily accessible, and need improvement. It was conducted using keywords such as “hospital efficiency” and “DEA for hospital” to search for peer-reviewed journals in the PubMed and Open Knowledge Maps from the year 2014-2020. From, the 586 articles, 54 samples were obtained from the about 5-3504 hospitals which were analyzed from 23 countries. The results showed that, the five most used inputs were the number of beds, medical personnel, non-medical staff,  medical technician staff and operational costs, while the most used outputs were number of inpatients, surgeries, emergency visits, outpatient service, and days of inpatients. These variables are often used for accessing the efficiency of hospitals in the DEA application.
Assessment of Patients’ Understanding about Prescribed Medications at Outdoor Patient Department of Tertiary Care Hospital in Central Gujarat, India
Authors: Bariya Bhaveshbhai Rameshbhai , Parmar Rahul J , Mazumdar Vihang S
Published: February 2021

Medication is an important part of a patient's treatment by clinicians and is one of the measures taken by them during the entire period of treatment. This descriptive cross-sectional study aims to assess patients’ understanding about prescribed medication obtained after consultation with clinicians at the outdoor patient department of a tertiary care hospital in central Gujarat, India. 184 patients from different clinical departments were interviewed after their consultation with the clinician. Majority of the subjects (45.5%) were 25-44 years of age, while the rest ranged from 45-54 years of age group. Furthermore, 55.5% of the subjects were female, 20.4% were Illiterate people, and 32.5% were educated up to primary level. The results showed that 84.3% of the patients were informed about proposed treatment duration, while 13.9% were informed about diet relation. Therefore, the patients had fair knowledge about the disease they were suffering from and proposed duration of treatment, but they were not aware of about the line of treatment. In conclusion, patients need to be educated about the correct use of medications by clinicians.
The doubled burden of diabetic bone disease: hip fracture and post-hip fracture mortality
Authors: Behanova Martina , Haschka Judith , Zwerina Jochen , Wascher Thomas C , Reichardt Berthold , Klaushofer Klaus , Kocijan Roland
Published: February 2021

Objective

Patients with diabetes have an increased risk of osteoporosis and shorter life expectancy. Hip fracture (HF) is the most serious consequence of osteoporosis and is associated with increased mortality risk. We aimed to assess the association of antidiabetic medications with HF and the post-hip fracture mortality risk among diabetic patients ≥50 years.

Design

In this nationwide case-control study 53 992 HF cases and 112 144 age-, sex- and region-matched non-hip fracture controls were analyzed. A cohort of hip-fractured diabetic patients were followed-up for an all-cause mortality.

Methods

We defined three groups of diabetic patients based on a prescription of antidiabetic medications: group 1 treated with insulin monotherapy (G1DM), group 2 (G2DM) treated with blood glucose-lowering drugs (BGLD) only, group 3 on a combined BGLD and insulin therapy (G3DM). We applied logistic regression and Cox regression.

Results

We identified 2757 G1DM patients, 15 310 G2DM patients, 3775 G3DM patients and 144 294 patients without any antidiabetic treatment. All three groups of diabetic patients had increased odds of HF compared to controls. G1DM patients aged 50–64 years (aOR: 4.80, 95% CI: 3.22–7.17) and G3DM patients (aOR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.02–1.88) showed the highest HF odds, whereas G2DM patients had 18% decrease in HF odds than their non-diabetic controls (aOR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.69–0.99). All diabetic patients had increased post-hip fracture mortality risk compared to non-diabetic controls. The highest mortality hazard was observed in G1DM patients, being greater for women than men (HR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.55–1.89 and HR: 1.44, 95% CI: 1.27–1.64, respectively).

Conclusions

Antidiabetic medications increase the probability of HF. Diabetic patients, who sustained HF have a higher mortality risk than non-diabetic patients.
New Year Greetings
Authors: Cheung Alan C. K.
Published: February 2021

On behalf of the Editorial Board of Science Insight Education Frontiers (SIEF), I would like to extend our New Year wishes and deepest gratitude to all of our readers and the experts and scholars who care about and support the development of the journal.
Poverty Caused by Education: Educational Issues in China in the New Era
Authors: Wang Jincheng
Published: February 2021

Education, as one of the forms of human capital investment, especially in developing countries, is considered an important way for families to get rid of generational poverty. The contradictory “poverty caused by education” is an education problem in the new era. It is a social phenomenon in which family members (children) receive education and cause family economic poverty. Based on the connotation of “poverty caused by education,” this paper analyzed its formation mechanism from the three levels of society, family, and school and tried to give some suggestions to reduce the risk of “poverty caused by education effectively.”
Predicting The Feasibility of Small Bowel Feeding in Patients With Generalized Secondary Peritonitis
Authors: Sivkov O. G.
Published: February 2021

Finding a simple reproducible routine test is relevant for the determination of post-pyloric feeding tolerance.

Aim. To evaluate in a pilot study the usefulness of acetaminophen absorption test with post-pyloric drug administration in patients with generalized secondary peritonitis.

Materials and methods. Acetaminophen absorption test was performed in patients with generalized secondary peritonitis. 0.5 g of drug was administered into the lumen of the small intestine through the nasojejunal tube and after 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 90 min its blood level was determined. The first group (n=14) of variables was taken from patients whose test was performed immediately after the surgery. The second group results (n=10) were obtained from the same patients who were tested when they were able to absorb >1 l/day of enteral nutrition without signs of intolerance.

Results. When comparing the concentration of acetaminophen in the blood after the drug administration into the bowel of patients with peritonitis immediately after surgery and at the time when the assimilation of bowel feeding had become possible, it was found that the most significant differences were detected within the time interval of 5–20 minutes after the drug administration (P<0.001). This time interval is optimal for harvesting blood samples during the acetaminophen test procedure.

Conclusion. Bowel absorption of acetaminophen may be informative for predicting the feasibility of adequate post-pyloric enteral feeding of patients with generalized secondary peritonitis.
Pathogenetic and Prognostic Significance of Thrombocytopenia in Patients With Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections
Authors: Serebryanaya N. B. , Avdoshin I. V. , Chernyshev O. B. , Shatil M. A. , Bubnova N. A.
Published: February 2021

Necrotizing soft tissue infection (NSTI) is a severe surgical infection which can result in sepsis and septic shock when generalized.

The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of thrombocytopenia in patients with generalized NSTI, the factors promoting its development, and its association with septic shock.

Materials and Methods. We examined 129 patients with NSTI treated between 09.2015 and 12.2019 at St. George Hospital in St. Petersburg, Russia. Surgical treatment, hematological and biochemical examinations, and bacteriological analysis of blood and wound discharge were performed in each patient. The studied group included 22 patients with systemic inflammatory reaction syndrome, 63 patients with sepsis, and 44 patients with septic shock.

Results. We found a decrease in platelet count in NSTI patients with septic shock as early as on the first day of the disease and its further decrease within the next 3 days, with the mean platelet volume (MPV) increasing during the same period and significantly exceeding that in patients with sepsis and systemic inflammatory response syndrome. In NSTI patients with thrombocytopenia on admission, we found a significant correlation between the platelet count and the percentage of segmented neutrophils (r=0.349; P<0.001; n=40). The maximum incidenсe of septic shock was observed in patients infected with Klebsiella pneumoniae (13 out of 19, 65%). These patients had the highest MPV but did not develop thrombocytopenia. Maximum frequency of thrombocytopenia and elevation of MPV and platelet distribution width (PDW) was found in patients with NSTI and underlying chronic viral hepatitis C. However, the relative frequency of septic shock in these patients was not increased.

Conclusion. The development of septic shock in NSTI is associated with a specific platelet activation pattern
Elderly and Children Are Not The Only Victims of Foreign Body Airway Obstruction in Italy (A National Media-Based Survey)
Authors: Landoni G , Scquizzato T. , Yavorovskiy A. G. , Zangrillo A. , Silvetti S.
Published: February 2021

Choking is a relevant public health problem. Data in medical literature are scarce and fatal events are dramatically under-reported.

The aimof this manuscript is to give a real estimation of this problem and to raise awareness about this topic.

Materials and methods. All deaths caused by choking reported by Italian Mass Media over a two years period were collected. Suspected sudden infant death syndrome was an exclusion criteria.

Results. 76 deaths due to foreign body airway obstruction were identified, 51% during 2018 and 49% in 2019, without identifiable time clusters. Choking affected every age, including pre-scholar children (25%), children 6 to 18 years old (3%), adults (38%), and elderly patients (34%). Witnessed cases were 61 (80%) but in almost half 26 cases (42%) the fatal event occurred before or without first aid maneuvers being performed.

Conclusion. On the Italian territory, during a 2 years period, three cases per month of fatal choking due to foreign-body airway obstruction occurred, many of them in adult patients (38%). Italian people seem not to be educated to provide first aid in these settings.
Storage Time of Filtered Red Blood Cells and Post-Transfusion Complications (Review)
Authors: Moroz V. V. , Sherstyukova E. A. , Kozlova E. K. , Sergunova V. A.
Published: February 2021

Red blood cells are the most required blood transfusion products worldwide. Safety and efficacy of blood transfusion are still relevant issues. Clarification of the causes and mechanisms of post-transfusion complications requires additional research.

Aim of the review is to summarize the data of clinical and research studies on transfusion of red blood cell suspension with various storage times.

Material. We selected 76 sources from Web of Science, Scopus, and RSCI databases containing pertinent clinical and scientific research data, as well as blood transfusion guidelines.

Results. We reviewed the main stages of preparation and storage of filtered red blood cells, described biochemical and structural alterations occurring during blood storage, summarized clinical data on post-transfusion complications, and analyzed clinical consequences and molecular structure abnormalities of red blood cells in relation to their storage time.

Conclusion. During long-term storage, red blood cells undergo significant structural and metabolic changes. The clinical use of relatively «old» red blood cells increases the risk of post-transfusion complications. However, the pathophysiological differences between «young» and «old» erythrocytes remain unclear. Large clinical and molecular research studies may add to our understanding of the complex issues related to blood transfusion.
The zoological yearbook Selevinia: an overview
Authors:   Institute of Zoology, Ministry of Education and Science, Republic of Kazakhstan (Almaty, Kazakhstan, Kovshar Anatoliy
Published: February 2021

Since 1993, the first zoological journal Selevinia has been launched in Almaty. Selevinia publishes articles in various branches of zoology, including taxonomy, fauna, parasitology, and many others. The articles published in the journal contain information on the fauna of Kazakhstan and neighbouring countries. Articles on the fauna, as well as on ecology and animal behaviour predominate. In total, 963 scientific works (495 articles, 155 short reports, and 313 notes) were published in the first 20 volumes of the journal (1993–2013), including 132 theriological articles. A bibliographic review of theriological articles is given, in particular about the composition of fauna (3) and on several species of different systematic groups, e.g. rodents and bats (5), ungulates (5), and carnivorans (16). Among the latter, articles on representatives of the family Felidae predominate, such as on the Turkestan lynx (Lynx lynx isabellinus), the caracal (Lynx caracal), the African wildcat (Felis lybica), the snow leopard (Uncia uncia), and the leopard (Panthera pardus). All issues of the journal are freely available online. According to the interlibrary exchange, the journal reaches 63 libraries in 35 countries. Some articles are published in English, the rest having English summary that facilitates access by foreign readers to scientific articles published in the journal. Selevinia issues for 2012-2019 are posted electronically with full access to texts on several websites, including the websites of the Institute of Zoology of Kazakhstan, the Central Scientific Library of the Academy of Sciences of Kazakhstan, and the Kazakhstan Association for Biodiversity Conservation.
PIGA Mutations Can Mimic Neonatal Hemochromatosis
Authors: Flores-Torres Jaime , Carver Jane D. , Sanchez-Valle Amarilis
Published: February 2021

Neonatal hemochromatosis (NH), one of the most common causes of liver failure in the neonate, often causes fetal loss or death during the neonatal period. Most cases are thought to be due to gestational alloimmune disease; however, other rare causes have been reported. NH is generally considered congenital and familial but not heritable. We present an infant diagnosed with NH whose clinical course differed significantly from that of most NH cases: at 11 months of age he had normal levels of liver enzymes, ferritin, and bilirubin, and normal neurodevelopment. This term male infant was born with a history of intrauterine growth restriction, oligohydramnios, and pericardial effusion. On day of life 1, he had hyperbilirubinemia and transaminitis; on day of life 3, ferritin was elevated; and on day of life 9, an MRI revealed iron deposits in the liver and renal cortex. Phenotypic features prompted a genetics consult. Whole-exome sequencing revealed a variant in the phosphatidylinositol glycan biosynthesis class A protein (PIGA) gene. Germ-line PIGA mutations are generally thought to be lethal in utero; however, there are reports of infants with PIGA mutations associated with dysmorphic features, neurologic manifestations, biochemical perturbations, and systemic iron overload; development can be normal up to 6 months of age. Because of the differences between infants with NH versus PIGA germ-line mutations in inheritance, prognosis, and natural history of disease, we propose that PIGA gene testing should be considered when evaluating newborns who present with NH.
Reflexiones desde la academia. Universidad, ciencia y sociedad. Gutiérrez Gutiérrez, José María. San José, Costa Rica: Editorial Arlekín. 2018
Authors: Rovira Mas Jorge
Published: February 2021

Esta obra que reseñamos es, en verdad, el resultado de una prolongada labor académica, pero, sobre todo, es el fruto de un ejercicio sistemático, infrecuente en los espacios universitarios, de reflexividad, valga decir, de disposición crítica para analizar lo que se hace, cómo se hace y sobre el contexto en el cual se practica lo que se hace. Una mirada que arraiga en una suerte de movimiento de sístole y diástole, de mirada interior razonada y cuestionadora, a la vez que proyectada —la universidad— en su contexto social e histórico. Una perspectiva que no se agota, pese a lo importante que esta pueda ser, en la visión intramuros de estas instituciones, sino que la define y entiende como una instancia capital de la sociedad nacional.
Projectional Interpretation: Bolesław Prus’s Reading of „Zdania i uwagi” by Adam Mickiewicz
Authors:   University of Bialystok, Poland, Ławski Jarosław
Published: February 2021

The article focuses on the interpretation of selected aphorisms of the Romantic poet Adam Mickiewicz (1798–1855) provided by Bolesław Prus (1847–1912), a prose writer and a representative of realism in Polish post-Romantic literature. Prus interpreted religious, sometimes almost mystical, aphorisms as commendation of hard work, activism, and as a manifesto of practical ethics. Inspired by the mystical thoughts of Angelus Silesius, Jakob Böhme and Saint-Martin, Mickiewicz’s aphorisms are perceived as exceptionally ambiguous. Prus, however, projected his own literary and philosophical mindset onto the micro-texts of the Romantic poet and, in consequence, oversimplified their meaning. What he did is here called a projectional interpretation.
The Novel as Third Space in the Struggle for One’s Own Place: Witold Gombrowicz’s Hidden Polemic with German Literature in „Pornografia”
Authors:   Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Germany, Gall Alfred
Published: February 2021

This paper deals with Gombrowicz’s novel „Pornografia” which can be interpreted as a third space where different literary discourses and philosophical concepts are interwoven. In this respect two German authors deserve special attention: Thomas Mann and Friedrich Nietzsche. It is the aim of this article to show to what extent Gombrowicz refers to the writings of these two authors in his attempt to establish himself as an important writer during his exile in Argentina. The novel „Pornografia” works in this respect as a sphere of interferences and a space of emerging hybridity, where Gombrowicz creates a special textuality consisting of hidden references to and even polemic with both Mann and Nietzsche. The notion of conflict is thus applicable in the description of Gombrowicz’s literary practice in this novel.
The goblin spider genus Opopaea in Australia and the Pacific islands (Araneae: Oonopidae)
Authors:   Queensland Museum, Baehr Barbara , Harvey Mark ,   Western Australia Museum, Smith H.M. , Ott R.
Published: February 2021

The widespread and highly diverse goblin spider genus Opopaea Simon is a pantropical genus with biodiversity hotspots in Africa, Asia and Australia. We revise the Australian and Pacific species of the genus, provide redescriptions of the Australian species O. banksi (Hickman) and the Micronesian species O. foveolata Roewer, and new records of the pantropical O. deserticola Simon and O. concolor (Blackwall), as well as O. apicalis (Simon) which is newly transferred from Epectris, after the new synonymy of Epectris with Opopaea. The following species are provisionally transferred from Epectris to Opopaea, pending investigations into their generic affinities: O. conujaingensis (Xu), new combination from China; and O. mollis (Simon), new combination from Sri Lanka. Most Pacific Islands are inhabited by the four above-mentioned species but the following 15 newly described species are most likely native to the islands: from Fiji (O. fiji), Hawaii (O. hawaii), Palau (O. palau), New Caledonia (O. amieu, O. bicolor, O. burwelli, O. calcaris, O. goloboffi, O. monteithi, O. ndoua, O. platnicki, O. raveni, O. striata, O. touho, O. tuberculata). We treat the Australian Opopaea fauna and recognise 84 species including 71 new and 13 previously described species. The new Australian species include 21 species from New South Wales (O. acuminata, O. addsae, O. bushblitz, O. gerstmeieri, O. lebretoni, O. linea (also occurs in Queensland), O. magna, O. margaretehoffmannae, O. martini, O. michaeli, O. milledgei, O. nitens, O. ottoi, O. plana, O. simplex, O. sturt, O. suelewisae, O. sylvestrella, O. tenuis, O. ursulae, O. yorki); six from Northern Territory (O. ephemera, O. fishriver, O. gilliesi, O. johardingae, O. preecei, O. wongalara); 13 from Queensland (O. ameyi, O. brisbanensis, O. broadwater, O. carnarvon, O. carteri, O. chrisconwayi, O. douglasi, O. lambkinae, O. leichhardti, O. mcleani, O. proserpine, O. stanisici, O. ulrichi); three from South Australia (O. millbrook, O. mundy, O. stevensi); and 28 from Western Australia (O. aculeata, O. aurantiaca, O. billroth, O. callani, O. cowra, O. durranti, O. exoculata, O. flava, O. fragilis, O. framenaui, O. gracilis, O. gracillima, O. harmsi, O. johannae, O. julianneae, O. marangaroo, O. millstream, O. nadineae, O. pallida, O. pannawonica, O. pilbara, O. rixi, O. robusta, O. rugosa, O. subtilis, O. triangularis, O. wheelarra, O. whim). New records are provided for O. sown Baehr. Seven area-based keys to species are provided.
The Regulatory Guillotine as a Mechanism for Deregulation and Anti-Corruption
Authors:   Higher School of Economics (Moscow, Russian Federation), Artemenko Egor A. ,   Analytical Center “Forum” (Moscow, Russian Federation)
Published: February 2021

The article examines the implementation of the “regulatory guillotine” reform as a method of state deregulation, reduction of administrative barriers to economic activity, elimination of excessive and outdated mandatory requirements that can cause corruption risks in the interaction of regulatory authorities and business. The main aim of the study is to assess the system of state deregulation measures implemented in certain areas within the framework of the regulatory guillotine, including the development of new structures of state regulation in certain areas and types of state control (supervision), the development of new mandatory requirements in terms of ensuring the connection of mandatory requirements with potential risks of harm, damage, protected values and sources of risk. The article also aims to identify the main risks of implementing the reform. The source of empirical data was Federal Laws No. 247-FZ and 248-FZ adopted on July 31, 2020, drafts of normative legal acts containing mandatory requirements, drafts of new regulatory structures in certain areas developed by regulatory agencies and control and supervisory bodies, methodological materials, positions of scholars and economists on the prospects for the reform, foreign experience of deregulation and implementation of the regulatory guillotine in particular. The article presents the countries’ experience of implementing the regulatory guillotine (South Korea, Croatia, Kenya, and some deregulation initiatives in the USA) in order to analyze the possibility of its application in domestic practice. Based on the research, a number of conclusions are made about the implementation of the reform in terms of deregulation, institutional measures to combat corruption, the “bottlenecks” of the implementation of the reform, the risks of not achieving the goals, and possible ways to minimize them.
The Results of Testing a Methodological Approach to Assessing the Consumer Value of Medical Services in Commercial Medical Centers
Authors:   Far Eastern Federal University (Vladivostok, Russian Federation), Romanova Irina M. , Sologub Elena V. ,   Far Eastern Federal University (Vladivostok, Russian Federation)
Published: February 2021

The article presents the main results of applying a methodological approach (developed by the authors) to assessing the consumer value of services provided by commercial medical centers. The proposed research hypotheses were tested using ranked variation series, pair correlation analysis, single-factor analysis of variance, and Z-test. The study allowed testing the proposed hypotheses. The emotional attributes of consumer value in terms of benefits are not the most significant attributes for clients of commercial medical centers; such clients’ satisfaction with the provided medical service largely depends on the significance of the consumer value attributes of this service. No differences are revealed in the significance of consumer value attributes among consumers of different gender and different social status. No differences are revealed in the significance of the consumer value attributes of medical services for consumers of different ages with different number of children and different monthly spending on medical services.
THE SUB-NATIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF SOUTH KOREAN FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN RUSSIA: A FOCUS ON THE RUSSIAN FAR EAST
Authors:   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (Moscow, Russian Federation), Lee Han-Sol
Published: February 2021

This paper investigates the Korean foreign direct investment (FDI) in the Russian Far East, a significant area to develop South Korea’s new northern policy and Russia’s pivot to the East policy. Unlike the insignificant influence of the Korean FDI on Russia’s economy as a whole, South Korea is one of the key economic partners in the Russian Far East. For the period 2015–2019, South Korea is the 4th largest investor in the Russian Far East. In 2019, 69.7% of the Korean investments in the Russian Far East concentrated on Primorsky Krai, which contradicts the general trend that the world investments in the Russian Far East are highly skewed in Sakhalin Oblast to participate in the gas and oil projects. The Korean FDI in the Russian Far East aims market seeking rather than resource seeking. Besides, due to the high entry barrier of “nine bridges”, there are limited numbers of companies in nine bridges-industries.
Scientific and Technical Potential: Analysis of Theoretical and Methodological Approaches
Authors:   UEC-STAR JSC (Perm, Russian Federation), Khudyakov Vladimir V. , Merzlov Igor Yu. ,   Perm State University (Perm, Russian Federation)
Published: February 2021

The research object is the term “scientific and technical potential”. The work analyzes the theoretical and methodological approaches to understanding this term. In order to obtain the most complete results during the work, along with the term “scientific and technical potential”, such interrelated categories as “economic potential”, “innovative potential”, “scientific and technological potential”, “scientific and production potential”, “scientific potential” and “production potential” were addressed. Theoretical research methods of analysis and synthesis were used in the work. The result of the study is the authors’ approach, which allows systematizing the relationship of the above mentioned terms and theoretically substantiating the understanding of scientific and technical potential as an essential part of the economic (market) potential, which consists of the formed components with an argumentation of the most important conditions for its successful implementation. The practical significance of the results is that they can be used for further scientific and technological potential studies in various sectors and on different levels of the economy.
On Russia’s “Northern” Strategy: Development or Settlement
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University (Novosibirsk, Russian Federation), Goroshko Nadezhda V. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University (Novosibirsk, Russian Federation), Patsala Sergey V. ,   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University (Novosibirsk, Russian Federation)
Published: February 2021

The article systematizes the main approaches to the development of the regions of the Far North and equivalent areas, and identifies trends in the demographic development of the Russian North at the present stage. The necessity of developing this macroregion is substantiated, taking into account the disproportion between the size of the country’s space and the size of its population. In Russia, there is an urgent need to move away from the costly “extensive” development type. In the North of the country, it is necessary to focus on the point-by-point development of individual relatively large urban settlements and ports that could play the role of “growth poles” and infrastructure corridors that allow retaining these sparsely populated areas.
IMPACTS OF DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS AND TIMES OF APPLICATION OF CHITOSAN ON SWEET BASIL (Ocimum basilicum L.)
Authors:   Crop science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, Qazizadah Ahmad Zubair , Nakasha Jaafar Juju ,   Crop science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, Sinniah Uma Rani ,   Crop science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, Wahab Puteri Edaroyati Megat ,   Crop science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: February 2021

Sweet basil is one of the popular herbs that contains various types of antioxidants and is widely usedin pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries. Although sweet basil is considered as an easy and fast-growing herb, yet, the production is still insufficient to cater to the rising demand. Thus, the aim of this study is to increase biomass of sweet basil by the application of chitosan at different timing. The experiment was arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications. Plants were treated with different concentrations of chitosan (0, 2, 4 and 6 ml/L) at three different times of application (20, 40 and 20+40 days after transplanting), and kept for 60 days under open field. Data was analysed by using Statistical Analysis Software (version 9.4), Analysis of Variance was used and means were separated using Least Significant Differences.Based on the findings, all treated plants showed greater value compared to the control treatment. Among the treatments, it was found that plants treated with 4 ml/L at 20 days after transplanting performed the best where the plants reached highest stem fresh weight (44.59 g/plant), root dry weight (2.83 g/plant), leaf fresh weight (54.28 g/plant) and leaf dry weight (8.80 g/plant). The yield was higher than control treatment at 43.45% and 59.71% based on its leaf fresh weight and leaf dry weight, respectively. Therefore, it is recommended for sweet basil to be treated with 4 ml/L at 20 days after transplanting. Besides, more details study on compound profiling and its fraction from sweet basil leaf extract can be conducted in the future.Keywords: dry weight; fresh weight; physiology; sweet basil; yield
KEMAMPUAN KOGNITIF DALAM MENINGKATKAN EFEKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN ILMU SOSIAL BAGI SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Basri Hasan
Published: February 2021

Kemampuan kognitif adalah keterampilan berbasis otak yang diperlukan untuk melakukan tugas apapun dari yang sederhana hingga yang paling kompleks. Struktur kognitif yang ada pada seorang anak sangat cepat, seperti: mereka akan lebih cepat menangkap dan mengingat sesuatu yang nyata baginya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tentang kemampuan kognitif dalam meningkatkan efektivtas pembelajaran ilmu sosial. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif yang ditujukan pada pembelajaran Ilmu Sosial pada tingkat Sekolah Dasar. Instrumen pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan observasi, wawancara studi dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis dengan teknik induktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Peaget membagi perkembangan kognitif menjadi empat fase yaitu fase sensorimotor, fase pra-operasional, fase operasi beton, dan fase operasi formal. Strategi untuk setiap fase adalah dengan menggunakan tindakan dan instruksi yang tepat dari guru. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa teori kognitif Piaget telah menyumbangkan tema berkaitan dengan perkembanngan kognitif seseorang dan dapat menjadi acuan dalam meningatkan efektifitas pembelajaran Ilmu Sosial. Peneliti merekomendasikan pada penelitian selanjutnya untuk mengkaji tahap-tahap perkembangan kognitif yang mempengaruhi kegiatan belajar anak di sekolah maupun di rumah.