bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Computational Behaviour of Precast Lightweight Concrete Sandwich Panel with Double Shear Truss Connectors Under Flexural Load
Authors: Noridah Mohamad  , Mohamad Zulhairi Mohd Bosro  , Abdul Aziz Abdul Samad  , Wan Inn Goh  , Zamri Noranai  , Badrul Amin Khairul Faizi  , Nor Hayati Abd Ghafar  , Norwati Jamaluddin
Published: December 2024

This study presents the computational behavior of precast lightweight foam concrete sandwich panel (PFLP) under flexural load and vibration using SAP2000. PLFP and other types of precast panels with various sustainable materials were proven to have a capacity at par with precast panel fabricated from conventional concrete. However, the number of studies on precast panel which focus on vibration are very limited. Thus, this study undertook the computational analysis on PLFP panel subjected to flexure load and vibration. Two PLFP panels from previous research, designated as PLFP-1 and PLFP-2, were modelled and simulated. The model of panel was first validated by comparing the deflection values of PLFP under flexure load, obtained from experiment and FEM. The validated models were then simulated against vibration and the natural frequencies obtained in each panel were recorded. It is found that PLFP-1 and PLFP-2 panels from FEM managed to obtain deflection significantly smaller than experiment which is 12.49mm and 18.44mm, respectively. The natural frequency recorded from the simulation against vibration are 18.9Hz and 19.32Hz, respectively.
Preparation of Linseed Oil-Filled Urea–Formaldehyde Microcapsules and Anti-Corrosion Performance of Self-Healing Epoxy Coatings on Low Carbon Steel Substrate
Authors: Mohd Fauzi Mamat  , Muhammad Hairy Muhdar  , Nur Nadirah Dollah  , Mohammad Rhadhi Kamshah  , Mohd Farizul Jaafar  , Lailatul Harina Paijan  , Mohd Basri Ali  , Mohd Hadzley Abu Bakar
Published: December 2024

This investigation utilised the in-situ polymerisation method to generate urea-formaldehyde (UF) microcapsules that were filled with linseed oil. Microcapsules with a mean diameter of 20-200 μm were obtained. The self-healing coating was constructed by incorporating 7.5wt. % microcapsules into an epoxy matrix and subsequently applying it to the low carbon steel substrate. The impact of microcapsules on the coating properties was examined through an immersion test in a 3.5wt. % NaCl medium for 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 days. Weight loss and corrosion rate measurements were taken to investigate the effect of embedded microcapsules on the anticorrosive properties of the self-healing coating. Based on visual inspection, mass loss, and corrosion rate results, the complete self-healing coating demonstrated superior anticorrosive properties to the epoxy coating without microcapsules. The scratched self-healing coating's failure was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Overall, the results and tests showed that the self-healing coating is more corrosion-resistant than the coating without microcapsules.
Preparation & Characterization of Biochar from Rice Husk by Pyrolysis Method
Authors: Faizul Che Pa  , Nur Nuha Ulya Norazman  , Ruhiyuddin Mohd Zaki
Published: December 2024

In nations where rice cultivation is prevalent, the responsible management of substantial quantities of rice waste is necessary to mitigate potential environmental concerns. This study aims to produce biochar from rice husks through the pyrolysis method, specifically without using inert nitrogen gas by utilizing a low-oxygen pyrolysis technique. The study employed many experimental parameters, including the process temperature, residence time, and heating rates. The FTIR results revealed a decrease in the stretching of O-H bonds in rice husk biochar at elevated temperatures (500°C), suggesting the degradation and disintegration of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Various bands associated with hydroxyl, carboxyl, aromatic bonds, amine groups, and other aromatic compounds were observed at lower pyrolysis temperatures. The observed functional group in rice husk biochar closely resembles the outcomes obtained from commercial biochar, except for the absence of C=O stretching. It was seen that the biochar structure exhibited an increase in pore size with increasing temperature. At higher temperatures, a decrease in pore size was observed on the surface of the biochar. It has been observed that when subjected to elevated pyrolysis temperatures, commercial biochar has a greater pore size compared to rice husk biochar, albeit fewer in number than the latter. Based on the findings, it can be inferred that the most favourable conditions for the rice husk biochar production by the low oxygen pyrolysis method are attained at temperatures of 300°C for durations of 60 and 90 minutes, as well as at 400°C for 90 minutes.
Temperature Data Acquisition for Material Performance of Instrument Panel (IP) in Automotive Applications
Authors: Lailatul Harina Paijan  , Liza Anuar  , Mohd Fauzi Mamat
Published: December 2024

The thermal heat inside the interior vehicle is the main concern to provide a comfortable environment for the passengers. Experimental studies were performed in the laboratory and field tests to study the behaviour of the temperature data acquisition in these two conditions. The material characterization analysis used in this work is Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). This study is important to investigate the thermal degradation of polymeric materials and determine the material purity used in the automotive components. The temperature measurements were recorded for the selected small component on the Instrument Panel (IP) system that exposed to the hot sun. The results show that the maximum temperature during laboratory and field tests achieved 108.33 °C and 78.2 °C at the IP meter combination, respectively. The maximum temperature achieved for each component on the IP system for both tests has shown that the material can withstand heat resistance during the thermal test in laboratory and field exposure. The temperature difference between these two tests is below 50 %. It was demonstrated that the heat resistance of the material for the IP component is compatible and relevant to automotive applications. The material characterization also revealed that the material used for ABS material on the air outlet and switch centre in the IP system was the virgin material without containing any recycled material. The temperature variations were recorded for the analysis of failure regarding heat factors in Malaysia. The data is necessary to determine whether the temperature in actual service greatly affects the problem of the component. In addition, it would be beneficial for design and material selection for interior automotive applications.
Nitrogen Availability Following Application of Urea and Decanter Cake/Palm Kernel Expeller Frass Produced from Black Soldier Fly Larvae
Authors: Deborah Renting Jimmy  , Latifah Omar  , Nathaniel Maikol  , Rafeah Wahi
Published: December 2024

The inefficient use of nitrogen is due to the loss of nitrogen (N) in the soil caused by a range of mechanisms, including the volatilization of ammonia, the leaching of nitrates, the runoff of soil, and autotrophic reactions. In this work, an effort was made to keep nitrogen from being lost during the urea treatment by making use of frass produced by black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) on decanter cake (DC) and palm kernel expeller (PKE). Thirty days of soil incubation was carried out to study the effects of varying concentrations of BSFL on the amount of nitrogen retained from varying concentrations of urea. In the incubation of the soil, the treatments were as follows: 300 g of soil only (T0), 300 g of soil + 4 g of urea (T1), 300 g of soil + 40 g of frass (T2), 300 g of soil + 30 g of frass+ 3 g of urea (T3), and 300 g of soil + 20 g of frass + 2 g of urea (T4). The treatments were organized using a complete randomized design (CRD), and each replication was performed three times. Incorporating BSFL frass into the soil increased pH, total carbon, organic matter, available nitrate and exchangeable ammonium, and cation exchange capacity in the soil. This is due to BSFL frass being rich in base cations. Amending urea with BSFL frass significantly increased soil cation exchange capacity (CEC) and pH because high pH contributes to a low concentration of H+ ions in the soil and increases the possibility of NH4+ cations binding on the negative sites on the surface of BSFL frass. In conclusion, pH was an important regulator of net nitrification during BSFL composting.
Isothermal Oxidation Behaviour of Heat-treated Fe-33Ni-19Cr Series Ni-based Superalloy
Authors: Megat Farhan Nazmi Megat Mohamad Halim  , Noraziana Parimin  , Esah HamzaH
Published: December 2024

The impact of heat treatment on the high temperature oxidation of Ni-based superalloys, specifically the Fe-33Ni-19Cr series, is discussed in this study. This alloy, designated LT950 and HT1160, is heat treated at two distinct temperatures, 950 °C and 1150 °C, for three hours of soaking time, followed by a water quench. Rockwell hardness tests and optical microscopy were used to characterize the heat-treated samples. An isothermal oxidation test was performed on the heat-treated samples for 200 hours at 900 °C. The oxidation kinetics were ascertained by measuring the weight change of the oxidized sample. Oxidized samples were characterized by morphological analysis of the oxide scale using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and oxide phase analysis using x-ray diffraction (XRD). As a result, the sample's grain size increases with increasing heat treatment temperature. The results of the Rockwell hardness test indicate that the Rockwell hardness number decreases as the heat treatment temperature rises. However, every heat-treated sample that was put through the isothermal oxidation test displayed a pattern of weight gain as the length of exposure increased. Because fine-grained LT950 has a lower parabolic rate constant, it indicates a lower rate of oxidation and therefore has good resistance to oxidation. XRD analysis shows that several oxide layers have formed on the surface of the oxidized sample consisting of Cr-containing oxides from the Cr2O3 and MnCr2O4 phases. SEM analysis of fine-grained LT950 showed uniform oxide scale, while coarse-grained HT1150 showed the formation of cracked and porous structures.
The Effect of Synthesis Parameter On HKUST-1 Nanocomposites Studied by FTIR Characterisation and Mechanical Testing
Authors: Syazwana Ahmad  , Mohd Firdaus Omar  , E. M. Mahdi  , Khairul Anwar Abdul Halim  , Shayfull Zamree Abd Rahim  , Sam Sung Ting  , Hazizan Md Akil  , Norlin Nosbi  , Nurfina Yudasari  , Muhammad Hafiz Hassan
Published: December 2024

In the present work, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST-1) has been synthesised at room temperature with 1:0, 1:1 and 0:1 ratio of ethanol and water and reinforced into polyurethane. In order to understand the impact of synthesis parameters on HKUST-1 nanocomposites, an investigation was conducted using FTIR characterisation and mechanical testing. The objective was to examine the potential improvement of the reinforced polymer. The mechanical testing results were shown to be significantly influenced by the presence of HKUST-1 with 1:0 ratio of ethanol and water (sample A) into polyurethane (PU). The samples underwent Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis to determine the types of bonds within the polymer-MOF nanocomposites. It was observed that the reinforced nanoparticles did not undergo any chemical changes, as indicated by the recorded spectra, which can be related to the overlapping characteristics of HKUST-1 and PU. The findings indicate that the A/PU exhibited a notable impact in comparison to other materials, as evidenced by the results of the tensile test and nanoindentation study.
Effect of Solvent on Mechanical and Physical Properties Of PMMA/Sic Composite Films
Authors: Auni Fakhira Che Baharudin  , Lim Bee Ying  , Voon Chun Hong  , Teh Pei Leng  , Tan Soo Jin
Published: December 2024

The selection of solvent in solution casting is crucial as it may affect the morphology and properties of the resulting composite films. In this study, the effect of solvent on the properties of poly(methyl methacrylate)/silicon carbide (PMMA/SiC) composite films was investigated. By using acetone, the solution casting was carried out at various solvent-to-solid (S/S) ratio, from 4:1 to 10:1 at room temperature. It was found that the increasing S/S ratio enhanced the tensile strength and modulus of elasticity of pristine PMMA films but deteriorated its elongation at break, up to 8:1 ratio. The crystallinity of the PMMA films was found to increase with S/S ratio, as confirmed by the higher peak intensity in X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) patterns and the SEM micrographs. In the second part of the study, by using S/S ratio of 8:1, the nano sized SiC (0.25 wt%) was added as a filler into PMMA and toluene with different ratio was added as a secondary solvent. The addition of SiC has increased the tensile strength and modulus of elasticity of PMMA/SiC but decreased its elongation at break. However, the presence of toluene reduced the tensile strength of the PMMA/SiC composite films and resulting in rougher tensile fracture surfaces as shown in SEM micrographs. The toluene with nonpolar nature had affected the distribution of SiC in PMMA. It can be concluded that the properties of the PMMA composites films can be tailored according to the needs of applications.
Determinants of Using Digital Payments in Paying Zakat, Infaq, Sadaqah (ZIS)
Authors: Sapitri Laili , Kafabih An'im
Published: December 2024

Indonesia is a country with 87,02 % Muslim population. However, the realization of ZIS funds collected only reached 5.6%. Therefore, enhancing the utilization of digital payments is one of the ways BAZ and LAZ are focusing to increase ZIS fund collection. Theoretically, consumer choice theory, combined with Islamic perspective suggests that perceived income can be determinan  factor people to pay ZIS digitally. Furthermore, Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) also be used to determine paying ZIS digitally. The number of samples in this research was 210 which was obtained through purposive sampling using questionnaire as a tool for collecting primary data. Gathered data then analysed using SEM-PLS alogarithm. The unique result of this study shows that perceived income do not have significant effect on the use of digital payment to pay ZIS. The other variables from UTAUT show  that performance expectancy and effort expectancy have a positive and significant influence on the use of digital payments in paying ZIS, while social influence and facilitating conditions do not significantly influence the use of digital payments in paying ZIS. These results suggest that BAZ of LAZ  can enhance performance and effort expectancy in its payment application to be more engaged to customers, and making them continue to use digital payment to pay ZIS.
farol para o Brasil
Authors: Costa Felipe Ferrari da , Menezes Marilda Aparecida de
Published: December 2024

Este trabalho visa contribuir na análise sobre a ação política das elites e classes dominantes do campo brasileiro. Especificamente busca-se compreender a afirmação hegemônica de frações dominantes da agropecuária paulista ao longo do tempo. Para tanto, analisaremos o surgimento e organização inicial da Sociedade Rural Brasileira (SRB), considerando sua composição interna, o perfil de suas lideranças e as formas de ação desencadeadas pela entidade naquele contexto. Ainda que tenha epíteto nacional, esta entidade centenária foi criada em 1919 no estado de São Paulo, sendo composta sobretudo por setores da elite agropecuária deste estado. A pesquisa tem como base metodológica análise documental, de caderno de campo e de entrevistas semi-estruturadas. Os processos políticos desenvolvidos pela Sociedade Rural Brasileira no contexto em análise ajudam a projetar estas frações dominantes da agricultura e da agroindústria de São Paulo como uma direção intelectual e moral da classe ao longo do tempo. Isso auxiliou na construção política do agronegócio brasileiro, destacando o protagonismo de São Paulo como celeiro de líderes deste modelo a nível nacional, como a intelligentsia do setor no Brasil.
Sosyobilimsel Konularda Argümantasyonla Öğrenme Modelinin Öğrencilerin Argüman Düzeylerine Etkisi
Authors: Ataş Reha , Köse Mücahit
Published: December 2024

Bu araştırmada sosyobilimsel konularda argümantasyonla öğrenme modelinin öğrencilerin argüman oluşturma düzeylerine etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada açıklayıcı durum çalışması yöntemi tercih edilmiştir. Araştırmada aynı okulda öğrenim görmekte olan dört farklı sınıf düzeyinden toplamda 125 öğrenci araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada 5 hafta 50 ders saatinde argümantasyonla öğrenme modeli uygulanarak fen bilimleri dersleri yürütülmüştür. Hayvanat bahçeleri ve organ bağışı sosyobilimsel konuları bağlamında öğrencilerin geliştirdikleri argümanlar Lin ve Mintezs’in (2010) argüman oluşturma rubriğinden yararlanılarak puanlanmıştır. Bulgulara göre sınıf düzeyi arttıkça öğrencilerin argüman oluşturma becerilerinin daha çok geliştiği, yine gerçekleştirilen etkinlik sayısının artmasıyla öğrencilerin argüman düzeylerinin de önemli ölçüde arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlar sosyobilimsel konular bağlamında argümantasyonla öğrenme modelinin öğrencilerin argüman düzeylerine artırmada etkili bir yöntem olduğunu göstermektedir.
The Cost of Excellence: A Critical Commentary on Instructional Leadership Practices in Pakistan’s Elite Schools
Authors: Dr Sajid Masood  , Muhammad Aslam  , Dr Amna Yousaf
Published: December 2024

In this opinion paper, analysis of the instructional leadership practices in Pakistan’s elite schools is critically analysed by drawing them into their broader societal implications and hidden costs. The paper reveals through a detailed analysis of current practices, power dynamics and stakeholder perspectives, how the aspiration towards educational excellence is always at the cost of enormous social, cultural and psychological costs. These institutions uphold high academic standards and are able to produce globally competitive graduates. However, the practice of leadership in these institutions is concerned with sustainability, equity, and cultural authenticity. The paper discusses how market driven education practices and high-stakes competition influence institutional culture and its impact on the well-being of students and on teacher effectiveness. Specific policy and institutional-level alternative suggestions are presented to reform by balancing academic excellence with social responsibility and cultural integration. It is the suggestion that changing leadership practices in elite schools could lead to positive change all over Pakistan’s education sector, by helping to develop more sustainable, equitable educational models that will nevertheless uphold high standards of academic quality.
Application of the Pieces Method in the Analysis and eval_uation of Satisfaction Levels in SMARD Applications
Authors: Putra Setyawan Krisnantia , Samuel Papilaya Frederik
Published: December 2024

At this time, technological advances are developing rapidly, many have taken advantage of technology to help and facilitate the data processing process for users, one of which is in the office. There is a data processing and data transmission application developed by official organizations, the Population and Civil Registration Office of Semarang Regency has a division or section that develops a data processing application called SMARD. This study aims to obtain what affects the satisfaction of every SMARD application user. The method used to analyze and eval_uate the level of user satisfaction in the SMARD application is PIECES (performance, information, economics, control, efficiency, and service). This study uses a quantitative approach, performance, information, economy, control, efficiency, and service. The average result of SMARD application user satisfaction reached 4.03. It means that users are satisfied with the SMARD application.
The Widyatama Campus Environmental Planning Study refers to the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 26 of 2007 About Spatial Planning for Flood Discharge
Authors: Eko Widyanto Bambang , Setiawan Asep , Agustian Yanyan
Published: December 2024

Sustainable development in an area often causes land use changes that have a domino impact, especially in water resource management and flood discharge control. In the spirit of development, important aspects such as runoff management are often overlooked. This study aims to analyze the management of runoff water in the Widyatama campus area by referring to Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 26 of 2007 concerning Spatial Planning. The research method uses secondary data in the form of rainfall from the Bandung Climatology Station and manual surveys for land use and topographic analysis. The results showed that the intensity of rain at the 2-year recurrence period (I2) was 127.56 mm. Rainfall intensity is also calculated for 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, and 100 year recurrences. Based on this analysis, land modification or innovation is needed, one of which is the construction of a detention pond that functions to restore the amount of flow to the river according to the zero run-off concept. With a study area of 3.61 Ha, a detention pond is needed for rainfall over 5 years with a storage capacity of 240 m³. The implementation of this innovation is expected to reduce flood risk and improve water management in the study area.
Intervención nutricional en el tratamiento de Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional
Authors: Ocaña Vicente Nicolás , Zuñiga Sánchez Valeria
Published: December 2024

El objetivo del presente artículo es investigar las actualizaciones sobre las intervenciones nutricionales que se utilizan en la prevención y el tratamiento de la Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional. La nutrición en el tratamiento de Diabetes Gestacional se enfoca principalmente en evitar el desarrollo de complicaciones cardiometebólicas en el binomio madre hijo. Las intervenciones nutricionales deben cumplir con los requerimientos nutricionales que requiera una mujer en periodo de gestación. Las intervenciones más efectivas son dietas con hidratos de carbono complejos y de bajo índice glucémico, patrón de dieta mediterránea, suplementación de mioinositol y probióticos. De este modo, la nutrición es fundamental en la Diabetes Gestacional puesto que controla los niveles de glucosa, mejora el estado nutricional y reduce las complicaciones materno fetales.
Studi Literature Review: Perilaku Bullying terhadap Teman Sebaya pada Remaja di Sekolah
Authors: Marlina Leny , Sugiarti Rini , Erlangga Erwin
Published: December 2024

Latar Belakang: Perilaku bullying di kalangan remaja merupakan masalah sosial yang memerlukan perhatian serius karena dapat menimbulkan dampak negatif bagi korban dan pelaku. Bullying melibatkan tindakan menyakiti secara fisik, mental, dan emosional yang dilakukan secara berulang dengan tujuan mendominasi. Fenomena ini semakin meningkat di berbagai negara, termasuk Indonesia, yang tercatat memiliki tingkat bullying yang signifikan. Kasus-kasus ini seringkali terjadi di lingkungan sekolah, tempat yang seharusnya menjadi ruang belajar yang aman dan nyaman.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku bullying. Perilaku bullying di kalangan remaja Indonesia masih tergolong tinggi dan merupakan salah satu masalah yang perlu mendapatkan perhatian serius. 
Metode: Artikel ini mengulas faktor-faktor internal dan eksternal yang berpengaruh teradap perilaku bullying serta dampaknya pada remaja di sekolah. Data-data dikumpulan dari berbagai sumber yaitu artikel jurnal, tesis dan hasil penelitian lainnya yang relevan. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisis dan didiskripsikan.  
Hasil: Hasil review menunjukkan dampak negatif bagi pelaku bullying seperti sikap empati yang rendah, impulsif, dominan, dan tidak bersahabat. Faktor-faktor yang mendukung perilaku bullying adalah, keluarga, teman sebaya, lingkungan sekolah, kepribadian, kontrol diri dan media sosial. Bentuk-bentuk perilaku bullying yang terjadi diantaranya adalah fisik, mental, dan verbal.
Kesimpulan: Faktor-faktor tersebut saling memengaruhi dan memerlukan pendekatan komprehensif untuk mengurangi kejadian bullying di sekolah. Implikasinya, intervensi yang melibatkan keluarga, sekolah, dan komunitas diperlukan untuk menciptakan lingkungan yang mendukung perkembangan positif remaja.
FIRTINALI YILLAR: DOĞU TÜRKİSTAN’I CUMHURİYETE HAZIRLAYAN SÜREÇ
Authors: Aydoğan Zeynep
Published: December 2024

Doğu Türkistan, Mançu-Qing Hanedanlığı tarafından 1884 yılında bölgeye Xinjiang ismi verilmesi sonucu tamamen Çin hakimiyeti altına girmiştir. 1911 yılında Çin’de yaşanan iç çatışmalar, Xinhai Devriminin gerçekleşmesine ve Mançu-Qing İmparatorluğu’nun yıkılarak yerine Çin Cumhuriyeti’nin kurulmasına neden olmuştur. İhtilalin etkileri Doğu Türkistan’a da yansımış ve yönetim değişimi sonrası Doğu Türkistan, umumi valiler tarafından yönetilmeye başlanmıştır. Merkezî otorite tarafından denetlenmeyen Doğu Türkistan, umumi valilerin keyfi uygulamalarına tabi tutulmuştur. Bu makalede, Doğu Türkistan’da Çin yönetiminin baskıcı politikaları ve bu politikalara karşı verilen direnişin detaylarına odaklanılmaktadır. Çalışmada Doğu Türkistan İslam Cumhuriyeti’nin kurulmasını mümkün kılan tarihsel, siyasi ve toplumsal gelişmelerin neler olduğu sorusu üzerinde durulmuş aynı zamanda Çin’de yaşanan iç kargaşa ortamında Doğu Türkistan aydınları ve toplumun önde gelenlerinin nasıl bir mücadele yolunu tercih ettiklerini anlamak, Uygur bağımsızlık tarihinin söz konusu kesitini tarihî veriler ve siyasi söylemler doğrultusunda ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Çin’in bölgedeki Türk halklarına yönelik uyguladığı baskı, şiddet ve tasfiye siyaseti, Doğu Türkistan’ın kültürel ve dinî yapısını tehdit etmiş, bölge halkının özgürlük mücadelesini tetiklemiştir. Jin Shuren’in umumi valilik yaptığı 1931 yılında başlayan Kumul Ayaklanması, bu dönemin önemli bir direniş örneği olup, Uygurların Çin yönetimine karşı verdiği mücadeleyi yansıtmaktadır. Kumul Ayaklanması’nın etkisi 1933 yılına gelindiğinde diğer Uygur bölgelerine de yayılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda Mahmut Muhiti önderliğinde Turfan’da ve Mehmet Emin Buğra öncülüğünde Hoten’de ayaklanmalar başlatılmıştır. Ayaklanmaların yaşandığı esnada, Doğu Türkistan’ın iki önemli merkezi olan Urumçi ve Kaşgar’da meydana gelen gelişmeler de incelenmiştir. Bu süreç, Doğu Türkistan halkının bağımsızlık ve özgürlük mücadelesini güçlendirirken, aynı zamanda Cumhuriyetin kurulmasına giden yolu da hazırlamıştır. Nitekim Hoten Ayaklanması sonucu kurulan “Hoten İslam Hükûmeti” daha sonra Sabit Damolla’nın Kaşgar’a geçmesiyle birlikte burada “Şarki Türkistan İslam Cumhuriyeti” ismiyle varlığını ilan edecektir.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS DAN HASIL BELAJAR IPS MELALUI PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN MEDIA ASLI REMPAH – REMPAH (MAAR)
Authors: Wibawanto Prasnowo
Published: December 2024

This research is a Classroom Action Research (CAR). The subjects of the research were 32 students of class VIII A of SMP Negeri 2 Girimarto. Data collection techniques used written test methods, observation, documentation. The research procedure was carried out through two cycles and each cycle consisted of planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The results of the study showed (1) an increase in learning outcomes, this can be seen from: (a) an increase in the completeness of learning of participants when compared between the pre-cycle, namely 12 students (37.59%) at the end of cycle 2 to 32 students (100%) so that it has reached the level of completeness as determined, namely 100%; (b) there was an increase in the average value when compared between the pre-cycle 68.75 at the end of cycle 2 to 91.25 so that there was an increase of 15.62. (2) there was an increase in learning activity when compared between the pre-cycle cycle, namely the average value of 2.94 (moderate) increased at the end of cycle 2 to 4.13 (good) so that there was an increase of 1.19.
Archiving blogs
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: December 2024

Blogs come and go. Sometimes they move from one location to another. However, blogs have not been systematically archived, perhaps for work by efforts by OpenLaboraty.
Covid era and online payment systems in India
Authors: Chauhan Saraswati , Singh N.P.
Published: December 2024

Research article presents the online payment systems in India and the impact of Covid on Indian economy, role of financial technologies in facilitating financial transaction for citizens and institutions, and initiatives taken by Reserve Bank of India in the form of creating new digitally embedded organization so that reliance on banking systems is eased and industries (e.g., MSME), entrepreneurs, and citizens can get credit without much of manual paper work. In addition, the research article analyzed changes in consumer behavior as a result of the pandemic and digital technology in daily life. For the discussion and results, secondary data is collected from various sources, including websites, portals, annual reports, blogs and write-ups, and so on. The research approach used in this study is exploratory and descriptive, which analyze the various online payment or financial technologies adopted and used by different financial companies, including Indian banks. Finding of the study reveals the expansion of technological infrastructure and the adaptation to new developments in India. In addition, researchers have also explored the process of the issuance of new licenses to new categories of financial organizations, i.e., establishment of payment banks, trade receivables discounting systems (TReDs), peer-to-peer platforms, regulatory frameworks for account aggregators (AA) and NBFC-AA, establishment of wholly digital loan firms (NBFCs), etc.
Humor: A multidisciplinary approach to humor, with a special reference to the study of the humor of Western Serbia
Authors: Rodaljević Dragoslava
Published: December 2024

Humor, as well as the laughter associated with it, is a complex, universal, ubiquitous phenomenon that has a great importance in the life of a modern man, which is why it is studied in almost all social sciences. The paper draws attention to different approaches to the study of humor in several social sciences such as psychology, psychotherapy, philosophy, sociology, ethnology and literary criticism. Since humor is conditioned by cultural and social norms, it is also considered a part of cultural property that can be protected as an intangible cultural heritage, which is the case with the humor of Western Serbia. The contemporary humor of Western Serbia, if we exclude aphorisms, is insufficiently affirmed and studied, which is why the paper contains a bibliography of works on the humor of Western Serbia. Future research works would show the potential and positive influence of Western Serbian humor in modern teaching, psychotherapy and all forms of social life, as well as its beneficial influence on the lives of individuals.
Application of biblioterapy in the "Dimitrije Tucović" library in Lazarevac
Authors: Marinković Dragana
Published: December 2024

Reading helps to better understand the world we live in or the problem we are facing, it affects the development of critical and creative thinking, it helps to achieve better family relationships, it can transfer us to a completely different world, and we can also see our own life through the lives of others characters. The effects of reading are numerous: relieving stress, developing empathy, noticing alternative solutions to problems, developing creativity, developing critical thinking, motivating... The paper will talk about people who have been helped by books in solving life's misfortunes and overcoming many prejudices, difficulties and misunderstandings. Bibliotherapy has been shown to be applicable for partner problems, marital and family conflicts, lack of parenting skills, adolescent crisis, traumatic experiences and domestic violence, grief, divorce, behavioral disorders, addictions and eating disorders. Librarians who have been educated by reading about this branch of librarianship, attending conferences, seminars and workshops organized by psychiatrists and psychologists, can recommend books that are "medicine for the soul".
7343 Sayılı Kanun Kapsamında Borçluya Satış Yetkisi Verilmesi
Authors: Gümüş Kısak Betül
Published: December 2024

ÖZ
7343 sayılı Kanun ile hukuk sistemimize borçluya satış yetkisi verilmesine dair düzenlemeler getirilmiştir. Getirilen değişikliklerin amacı hacizli malın satış sürecini hızlandırmak ve basitleştirmektir. Borçlu, kendisine ait hacizli malın bizzat satışını yapma yetkisine kavuşmuştur. Borçluya satış yetkisi verilmesi süreci, kıymet takdiri yapıldıktan sonra başlamaktadır. Kıymet takdirinin yapılmadığı durumlarda borçlunun da kıymet takdiri yapılmasını talep hakkı vardır. Bu sayede borçluya, cebri icra sürecini hızlı bir şekilde sonuçlandırma imkânı getirilmiştir. Satış yetkisinde belirtilen şartlara uygun şekilde borçlu, satışı gerçekleştirir. Alıcı, parayı yatırdıktan sonra ise satışın onaylanması kararını, icra mahkemesi vermektedir. Mahkemenin kabul kararı ile satılan şeyin mülkiyeti alıcıya geçer. Mahkemenin ret kararı vermesi halinde satış bedeli alıcıya iade edilir. Mahkemede yürütülen sürece alacaklıların veya haciz ilgililerinin katılması yönünde kanuni bir düzenleme yapılmamıştır. Mahkemenin yapacağı inceleme sonucunda verdiği kararlar kesindir. Kararın kesin olması hükmün denetlenmesini talep hakkına ve hak arama özgürlüğüne aykırı sonuç yaratmıştır. Borçluya satış yetkisi verilmesi suretiyle gerçekleşen satış bir cebri icra satışıdır ancak cebri açık arttırmadan farklı özellikler taşımaktadır. Satışın iptal edilmesi istenildiğinde ihalenin feshi hükümleri yerine sözleşmenin geçersizliği hükümlerine başvurulur.
Adli ve İdari Yargı Kararları Çerçevesinde Denetim Görevinin İhmali Suçu
Authors: Gök Sevimsu , Alıcı Orhan Veli
Published: December 2024

5237 sayılı Türk Ceza Kanunu’nun 251’inci maddesinde düzenlenen “Denetim görevinin ihmali” suçu, “Kamu İdaresinin Güvenilirliğine ve İşleyişine Karşı Suçlar” başlığı altında hüküm altına alınmıştır. Maddenin birinci fıkrasında denetimle yükümlü kamu görevlisinin zimmet veya irtikap suçunun işlenmesine kasten göz yumması hali düzenlenmektedir. Maddenin ikinci fıkrasında ise denetim görevini ihmal ederek, zimmet veya irtikap suçunun işlenmesine imkan sağlama hali hüküm altına alınmıştır. Kanun’da düzenlenen denetim görevini ihmal suçunun ilgili kamu görevlisi özelinde aynı zamanda bir disiplin suçunu oluşturduğu açıktır. Bununla birlikte söz konusu fiilin 657 sayılı Devlet Memurları Kanunu özelinde hangi disiplin cezası ile tecziye edileceği konusunda tereddütler bulunmaktadır. Çalışmada denetim görevini ihmal eden kamu görevlisinin işlemiş olduğu fiil yargı kararları çerçevesinde ele alınmaktadır. Uygulamada tereddüde mahal veren hususlar tartışılarak bilhassa disiplin hukuku özelinde önerilerde bulunulmaktadır.
Risk assessments of contaminants of environmental concern need to address future scenarios to effectively protect human health and ecosystems
Authors: Abessa Denis Moledo de Souza
Published: December 2024

This article intends to discuss some limitations of the current approaches used to assess human health and environmental risks caused by contaminants of emerging concern (CECs). Human health and environmental risk assessments of CECs are normally based on a relationship between measured and predicted environmental concentrations (MECs and PECs, respectively) often estimated based on past conditions, and the respective predicted no-effect concentrations (PNECs). However, for most of chemicals, emissions continue to increase following the population growth and increasing polluting activities, resulting in a continuous rise of contaminants concentrations in the environmental compartments and the consequent increase of risks associated with them. Therefore, risk predictions based on past data may be unreliable and ineffective to support actions aimed to protect the environment, particularly in developing countries where pollutants monitoring are lacking or regulations are based on few academic studies. In this context, new tools need to be incorporated to improve the risk assessment protocols. Projections of future scenarios may predict the environmental concentrations of chemicals, allowing decision makers to establish appropriate actions to control the emissions and avoid the emergence of risks to human health and ecosystems before critical conditions are achieved. Thus, effective policies to control pollution and its effects would be taken.
Biomedical applications of nanomaterials: A short review
Authors: Durmuş Hüseyin Okan
Published: December 2024

Nanomaterials have emerged as transformative tools in the biomedical field due to their distinct physical and chemical properties. This review delves into the synthesis, classifications, and applications of nanomaterials, emphasizing advancements in drug delivery, bioimaging, and diagnostics. Unique aspects include a focused discussion on sol-gel synthesis methods and recent trends in nanomaterial applications for personalized medicine. We conclude with a future perspective on overcoming challenges such as toxicity and regulatory issues, paving the way for sustainable biomedical innovations.
AZƏRBAYCANIN KİÇİK ÇAYLARININ MAKSİMAL SU SƏRFLƏRİNİN HESABLANMASI
Authors: İmanov F.Ə. , Məhərrəmova A.R.
Published: December 2024

Mə­qa­lə­də mü­şa­hi­də mə­lu­mat­la­rı ol­ma­yan çay­la­rın ya­ğış mən­şə­li mak­si­mal su sərf­lə­ri­ni he­sab­la­maq üçün is­ti­fa­də olu­nan me­tod­la­rın qı­sa ic­ma­lı ve­ril­miş­dir. 19 çay üçün he­sab­la­ma­lar mü­va­fiq ola­raq Azər­bay­can­da və xa­ri­ci öl­kə­lər­də tət­biq edi­lən mak­si­mal in­ten­siv­lik düs­tu­ru və ra­sio­nal düs­tur­la ye­ri­nə ye­ti­ril­miş, alın­mış nə­ti­cə­lər mü­qa­yi­sə­li təh­lil olun­muş­dur. Mak­si­mal in­ten­siv­lik düs­tu­ru­nun əsas pa­ra­metr­lə­ri də­qiq­ləş­di­ril­miş və gös­tə­ril­miş­dir ki, bu hal­da hə­min düs­tur­la he­sab­la­ma­la­rın xə­ta­sı­nın me­di­an qiy­mə­ti 18% aza­lır. Azər­bay­can çay­la­rı üçün ilk də­fə tət­biq olu­nan ra­sio­nal me­tod­la he­sab­la­ma­la­rın nə­ti­cə­si­nə gö­rə bu azal­ma 17% təş­kil edir. Gö­rün­dü­yü ki­mi, hər iki me­tod­la he­sab­la­ma­la­rın də­qiq­li­yi de­mək olar ki, ey­ni­dir.
KÜRMÜKÇAY VƏ ŞİNÇAYIN SU EHTİYATLARINDAN SƏMƏRƏLİ İSTİFADƏNİN OPTİMAL VARİANTLARI
Authors: Cavadzadə E.B. , Bayaramov A.Ə. , Vəliyeva S.A.
Published: December 2024

Mə­qa­lə­də Kür­mük  və  Şin çay­la­rı­nın su eh­ti­yat­la­rın­dan sə­mə­rə­li is­ti­fa­də ilə bağ­lı  həll va­ri­an­tı haq­qın­da mə­lu­mat ve­ril­miş­dir. Bu çay­la­rın ha­zır­da is­ti­fa­də olun­ma­yan Ya­şıl ener­ji po­ten­sia­lın­dan və su eh­ti­yat­la­tı­nın tən­zim­lə­nə­rək komp­les şə­kil­də is­ti­fa­də olun­ma­sı­na kəs­kin eh­ti­yac var­dır. Ha­zır­da bu çay­la­rın su eh­ti­yat­la­rın­dan pə­rə­kən­də şə­kil­də su­var­ma­da is­ti­fa­də olu­nur. Ümu­mən çay­la­rın pa­yız-qış axım­la­rın­dan is­ti­fa­də olun­mur. Bu çay­la­rın höv­zə­lə­rin­də su eh­ti­yat­la­rın­dan is­ti­fa­də­nin möv­cud və­ziy­yə­ti araş­dı­rıl­mış, hid­ro­lo­ji mü­şa­hi­də mə­lu­mat­la­rı əsa­sın­da hid­roe­ner­ji po­ten­sia­lın­dan sə­mə­rə­li is­ti­fa­də, su­var­ma və di­gər komp­leks məq­səd­lər üçün is­ti­fa­də ilə bağ­lı mü­hən­di­si qur­ğu­la­rın və məc­ra­dan kə­nar su an­ba­rı­nın ti­kil­mə­si tək­lif olin­muş­dur. Ye­ni ya­ra­dı­la­caq su an­ba­rı ha­zır­da əsa­sən lil­lə­nə­rək öz funk­si­ya­sı­nı ye­ri­nə ye­ti­rə bil­mə­yən “Əy­ri­çay”su an­ba­rı­nın su­var­ma əra­zi­si­nə özüa­xar re­jim­də su­var­ma su­yu­nun ve­ril­mə­si­ni tə­min edə bi­lə­cək­dir. Qeyd et­mək la­zım­dır ki, 1987-ci il­də is­ti­fa­də­yə ve­ri­lən və 22800 hek­tar əkin sa­hə­lə­ri­nin su­va­rıl­ma­sı üçün nə­zər­də tu­tu­lan “Əy­ri­çay” su an­ba­rı ar­tıq lil­lən­miş­dir. İl­kin he­sab­la­ma­la­ra gö­rə Kür­mük­çay və Şin­ça­yın su eh­ti­yat­la­rı­nın bir his­sə­sin­dən is­ti­fa­də et­mək­lə  ümu­mi həc­mi 90.0 mln.m3 olan məc­ra­dan­kə­nar su an­ba­rı­nın (şər­ti adı “Baq­qal”) ya­ra­dıl­ma­sı müm­kün­dür. Ye­ni su an­ba­rı­nı qi­da­lan­dı­ra­caq su kə­mər­lə­ri üzə­rin­də isə  ümu­mi gü­cü 25.2 MVt  ola­caq 3 ədəd su elekt­rik stan­si­ya­sı­nın  ti­kil­mə­si də müm­kün­dür.
MİL-MUĞAN İQTİSADİ RAYONUNUN ŞƏHƏR VƏ KƏND ƏHALİSİNİN DEMOQRAFİK İNKİŞAFINDA BAŞ VERƏN MEYİLLƏR
Authors: Bayramov E.A.
Published: December 2024

Mə­qa­lə­də Mil-Mu­ğan iq­ti­sa­di ra­yo­nu­nun şə­hər və kənd əha­li­si­nin de­moq­ra­fik in­ki­şa­fı və bu sa­hə­də ya­ra­nan prob­lem­lər araş­dı­rı­lır. Təd­qi­qat   əra­zi­sin­də şə­hər və kənd əha­li­si­nin ar­tım tem­pi, baş ve­rən me­yil­lər, öl­kə sə­viy­yə­si ilə mü­qa­yi­sə­də ve­ri­lə­rək, bu pro­se­sə tə­sir edən amil­lər təh­lil edi­lir. İq­ti­sa­di ra­yon­da  əha­li­nin si­ya­hı­yaa­lın­ma­sı və ca­ri sta­tis­tik mə­lu­mat­lar­dan is­ti­fa­də edi­lə­rək de­moq­ra­fik pro­ses­lər­dən tə­bii ar­tım, do­ğum, ölüm gös­tə­ri­ci­lə­rinin ar­tım tem­pi və bu sa­hə­də baş ve­rən də­yi­şik­lik­lər araş­dı­rıl­mış­dır. Fərq­li il­lər­də iq­ti­sa­di ra­yo­nun de­moq­ra­fik gös­tə­ri­ci­lə­ri res­pub­li­ka­nın mü­va­fiq gös­tə­ri­ci­lə­ri ilə mü­qa­yi­sə olun­muş­dur. Əha­li­nin tə­bii ar­tı­mı­nın müt­ləq gös­tə­ri­ci­lə­ri 1999-2023-cü il­lər ər­zin­də 5 il­lik­lər üz­rə təh­lil edil­miş və mü­əy­yən olun­muş­dur ki, ən bö­yük ar­tım pro­ses­lə­ri 2009-2013 və 2014-2018-ci il­lər­də ol­muş­dur. Mə­qa­lə­də təd­qi­qat­lar nə­ti­cə­sin­də aş­kar edi­lən prob­lem­lər mü­əy­yən­ləş­di­ri­lib və on­la­rın həl­li üçün tək­lif­lər ve­ril­miş­dir.
Innovations in Public Health: The Role of Technology in Improving Access to Healthcare Services
Authors: Mahendra Robert One Daniesha , Ariantini Nyoman Sri , Kristiyawati Sri Puguh , Putra Farhandika , Abdillah Muhammad Nur
Published: December 2024

Technological developments have had a significant impact on the transformation of public health services, especially in improving the accessibility of services in areas that are difficult to reach or have limited infrastructure. Innovations such as telemedicine, blockchain, Internet of Things (IoT), and artificial intelligence (AI) have become solutions to overcome geographical, logistical, and resource barriers for healthcare workers. This research aims to explore how technology can improve access to healthcare and identify innovative technologies that have proven effective in expanding the scope of healthcare globally. This research uses a qualitative method based on literature studies, which includes analysis of scientific articles, institutional reports, and official documents published in the last five years (2018–2023). The data collection technique is carried out through systematic searches on scientific databases such as PubMed and Scopus with specific keywords related to health technology. The results show that technologies such as telemedicine have enabled remote medical consultations that speed up the diagnosis and treatment of patients in remote areas. Meanwhile, blockchain improves the interoperability of medical data, and IoT supports real-time health monitoring through wearable devices. The study also found that the implementation of technology requires policy support, infrastructure investment, and training of healthcare workers to ensure widespread and sustainable adoption. With the right strategy, technology has the potential to create a more inclusive, efficient, and resilient health system.
The Impacts of COVID 19 on Empowerment: A Study on the Growth and Development of Online Business with Special Reference to F-commerce and Home Kitchen Service
Authors: Khatun Amena , Hasna Binte Hafiz
Published: December 2024

This study aims to provide a comprehensive image of how businessmen view online business and to find potential for the growth and development of online enterprises such as Home Kitchens and f-commerce during the COVID-19 pandemic. It also helps to integrate social media with an e-commerce platform. This study investigates the leading factors, and problems associated with online business and Home Kitchens and also provide some recommendations. For this study, a descriptive-interpretive interview methodology has to be used to gather data from a small group of participants. Social media messaging services (interviewing) have been used for collecting data. The results indicate the COVID-19 provided with the opportunity to become a businessman. During the COVID-19 pandemic emergency, new technologies, concepts, and procedures were applied to almost every facet of business operations. This study also showed some aspects still need to be improved to provide a better e-commerce environment. The study explored the wide range of factors that have a big impact on Bangladesh’s development of internet enterprises by evaluating reports and interviews. The study may help Bangladeshi businesses who want to expand their e-commerce by giving them a better understanding of Bangladesh’s e-commerce.
The transfer of information about Muslim urban cultures from the Tatar public discourse to the Ukrainian one in the early 20th century (Ismail Gasprinsky and Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi)
Authors: Filianin Yevhen
Published: December 2024

Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi is a Ukrainian author, journalist, and political activist of the late 19th – early 20th century. He is considered one of the most talented representatives of Ukrainian literature. He is known as an elegant impressionist and master of psychological prose. In the 1890’s he spent a total of two years of his life in Crimea. As a result, he wrote the «Crimean series» (three short stories: “In the Shaytan’s Chains”, “On the Stone”, and “Under the Minarets”).
Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi's trip to the Crimean Peninsula coincides chronologically with the presence of progressive ideas in the Crimean public discourse. There were passionate supporters of European-style reform in Crimea. One of the leading figures for such movements was Ismail Gasprinsky - a Tatar enlightener and Pan-Turkist. He supported the concept of the modernization of Muslim cultures through the adaptation of some Western elements. Ismail Gasprinsky was convinced of the negative influence of traditionalism on the development of Muslim societies. The content of Kotsiubynskyi's short stories matches the Crimean reality of the early 20th century and Gasprinsky’s narrative considerably.
The paper aims to examine Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi's role in the transfer of information about Muslim urban cultures from the Tatar public discourse to the Ukrainian one in the early 20th century.
Bir Dizi İnşa Faaliyetinin Yarattığı Bir Liman: Osmanlı Yeniçağı’nda Kuşadası
Authors: Çelik Bülent , Akmeşe Yasin
Published: December 2024

Kuşadası, Osmanlı Devleti’nin XVI-XVII. yüzyılları boyunca nüfusu ve ticari potansiyeli giderek büyüyen bir liman kentiydi. Osmanlı başkentinin Ayasuluğ kazasına bağlı bu küçük köye olan ilgisi XVI. yüzyılda başladı. Başkent İstanbul’un ihtiyacı olan zeytin, zeytinyağı, sabun, kuru meyveler ve tahılın bir kısmı Aydın sancağından karşılandığı için bu ürünlerin gemilere yükleneceği korunaklı bir limana ihtiyaç duyulmaktaydı. Ayrıca Mısır’ın I. Selim tarafından ele geçirilişinden sonra İskenderiye-İstanbul arasındaki deniz seyrüseferinin önemi giderek artınca, bu güzergâh arasında işleyen gemi trafiği için yine güvenli, korunaklı ve lojistik imkânları olan Kuşadası gibi limanlara ihtiyaç duyulmaya başlamıştır. Her yıl önemli miktarda tahıl, pirinç ve nakit parayı İskenderiye’den İstanbul’a taşıyan Osmanlı gemileri, seyrüseferi açık denize çıkmak yerine genellikle daha güvenli gördükleri kıyıları izleyerek gerçekleştirmekteydiler. Bu rota üzerinde korunaklı limanı, güvenliği sağlayan ve hatırı sayılır bir askeri gücü olan istihkâmı ve zengin hinterlandı ile Kuşadası ideal bir konumdaydı. Kasabanın bu özelliklerini kazanması doğal olarak birdenbire olmamıştı. Kuşadası’nın önce Cerrah Mehmed Paşa’ya, onun ölümü sonrasında da vasiyeti gereği Öküz Mehmed Paşa’ya temlik edilmesi, onun da bir süre sonra kasabada bir han, kule ve liman inşaatına başladığı ve bu yapıların inşasının bitirildiği tarihi olan 1618 yılı, kasabanın gelişimindeki en önemli tarih olmalıdır.