bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neighbours of a family with a disabled person
Authors: Górnicka Beata
Published: October 2021

Nowadays, social changes include the perception not only of disability itself, but also of a family with a disabled member. These changes concern the organisation of support for the family, which functions in the entire social ecosystem, including the closest social groups, e.g., the neighbourhood. Although this neighbourhood, which is also subject to changes, can become an invaluable source of support, unfortunately, it may also become an environment that contributes to the social exclusion of a family. In this paper, the author presents selected aspects of the co-existence of people with disabilities and their families with their neighbours. The paper used research on opinions about being the neighbour of a family with a disabled person, which included declarations of help or support really offered. The author asserts that a family with a disabled person can experience both positive and negative attitudes and behaviours from neighbours.
Religijność młodzieży i jej rodzinne uwarunkowania – raport z badań
Authors: Pietruszka Lidia
Published: October 2021

The religiosity of Polish youth is an important issue that deserves special attention. This fact is confirmed by the observation of new contemporary religious behaviours. The author set herself the goal of examining the level of religiosity among young people and learning how they assess the role of the family in shaping it. To do this, young people were studied for expressed declarative indicators: attitudes towards God, faith and the religious practices they engage in. The assumed goal is achieved and the answer to the questions that were formulated is included in the process of argumentation, which consists of introducing the problem through the analysis of religiosity and its structure, and then an analysis of the author’s own research indicating family determinants of the development of youth religiosity. Its results are similar to those of nationwide research indicating that it is the family, as the closest educational environment of young people, that has the greatest impact on their attitude to faith: it shapes the nature of religiosity, teaches observance of values and is responsible for the frequency of religious practices.
GraphScope
Authors: Xu Jingbo , Bai Zhanning , Fan Wenfei , Lai Longbin , Li Xue , Li Zhao , Qian Zhengping , Wang Lei , Wang Yanyan , Yu Wenyuan , Zhou Jingren
Published: October 2021

Due to diverse graph data and algorithms, programming and orchestration of complex computation pipelines have become the major challenges to making use of graph applications for Web-scale data analysis. GraphScope aims to provide a one-stop and efficient solution for a wide range of graph computations at scale. It extends previous systems by offering a unified and high-level programming interface and allowing the seamless integration of specialized graph engines in a general data-parallel computing environment.

As we will show in this demo, GraphScope enables developers to write sequential graph programs in Python and provides automatic parallel execution on a cluster. This further allows GraphScope to seamlessly integrate with existing data processing systems in PyData ecosystem. To validate GraphScope's efficiency, we will compare a complex, multi-staged processing pipeline for a real-life fraud detection task with a manually assembled implementation comprising multiple systems. GraphScope achieves a 2.86× speedup on a trillion-scale graph in real production at Alibaba.
Just move it!
Authors: Renz-Wieland Alexander , Drobisch Tobias , Kaoudi Zoi , Gemulla Rainer , Markl Volker
Published: October 2021

Parameter servers (PSs) ease the implementation of distributed machine learning systems, but their performance can fall behind that of single machine baselines due to communication overhead. We demonstrate Lapse, an open source PS with
dynamic parameter allocation
. Previous work has shown that dynamic parameter allocation can improve PS performance by up to two orders of magnitude and lead to near-linear speed-ups over single machine baselines. This demonstration illustrates how Lapse is used and why it can provide order-of-magnitude speed-ups over other PSs. To do so, this demonstration interactively analyzes and visualizes how dynamic parameter allocation looks like in action.
DICE
Authors: Rezig El Kindi , Bhandari Anshul , Fariha Anna , Price Benjamin , Vanterpool Allan , Gadepally Vijay , Stonebraker Michael
Published: October 2021

In order to conduct analytical tasks, data scientists often need to find relevant data from an avalanche of sources (e.g., data lakes, large organizational databases). This effort is typically made in an ad hoc, non-systematic manner, which makes it a daunting endeavour. Current data discovery systems typically require the users to find relevant tables manually, usually by issuing multiple queries (e.g., using SQL). However, expressing such queries is nontrivial, as it requires knowledge of the underlying structure (schema) of the data organization in advance. This issue is further exacerbated when data resides in data lakes, where there is no predefined schema that data must conform to. On the other hand, data scientists can often come up with a few
example records
of interest quickly. Motivated by this observation, we developed DICE---a human-in-the-loop system for
Data dIsCovery by Example---that
takes user-provided example records as input and returns more records that satisfy the user intent.
DICE's
key idea is to synthesize a SQL query that captures the user intent, specified via examples. To this end,
DICE
follows a three-step process: (1)
DICE
first discovers a few candidate queries by finding join paths across tables within the data lake. (2) Then
DICE
consults with the user for validation by presenting a few records to them, and, thus, eliminating spurious queries. (3) Based on the user feedback,
DICE
refines the search and repeats the process until the user is satisfied with the results. We will demonstrate how
DICE
can help in data discovery through an interactive, example-based interaction.
RONIN
Authors: Ouellette Paul , Sciortino Aidan , Nargesian Fatemeh , Bashardoost Bahar Ghadiri , Zhu Erkang , Pu Ken Q. , Miller Renée J.
Published: October 2021

Dataset discovery can be performed using search (with a query or keywords) to find relevant data. However, the result of this discovery can be overwhelming to explore. Existing navigation techniques mostly focus on linkage graphs that enable navigation from one data set to another based on similarity or joinability of attributes. However, users often do not know which data set to start the navigation from. RONIN proposes an alternative way to navigate by building a
hierarchical structure
on a collection of data sets: the user navigates between groups of data sets in a hierarchical manner to narrow down to the data of interest. We demonstrate RONIN, a tool that enables user exploration of a data lake by seamlessly integrating the two common modalities of discovery: data set search and navigation of a hierarchical structure. In RONIN, a user can perform a keyword search or joinability search over a data lake, then, navigate the result using a hierarchical structure, called an
organization
, that is created on the fly. While navigating an organization, the user may switch to the search mode, and back to navigation on an organization that is updated based on search. This integration of search and navigation provides great power in allowing users to find and explore interesting data in a data lake.
The art of balance
Authors: Lee Rubao , Zhou Minghong , Li Chi , Hu Shenggang , Teng Jianping , Li Dongyang , Zhang Xiaodong
Published: October 2021

GPU-accelerated database systems have been studied for more than 10 years, ranging from prototyping development to industry products serving in multiple domains of data applications. Existing GPU database research solutions are often focused on specific aspects in parallel algorithms and system implementations for specific features, while industry product development generally concentrates on delivering a whole system by considering its holistic performance and cost. Aiming to fill this gap between academic research and industry development, we present a comprehensive industry product study on a complete CPU/GPU HTAP system, called RateupDB. We firmly believe "the art of balance" addresses major issues in the development of RateupDB. Specifically, we consider balancing multiple factors in the software development cycle, such as the trade-off between OLAP and OLTP, the trade-off between system performance and development productivity, and balanced choices of algorithms in the product. We also present RateupDB's complete TPC-H test performance to demonstrate its significant advantages over other existing GPU DBMS products.
The future of data(base) education
Authors: Ives Zachary G. , Pottinger Rachel , Kumar Arun , Gehrke Johannes , Giceva Jana
Published: October 2021

This panel encourages a debate over the future of database education and its relationship to Data Science: Are Computer Science (CS) and Data Science (DS) different disciplines about to split, and how does that effect how we teach our field? Is there a "data" course that belongs in CS that all of our students should take? Who is the traditional database course, e.g. based on the "cow book", relevant to? What traditional topics should we
not
be teaching in our core data course(s) and which ones should be added? What do we teach the student who has one elective for data science? How does our community position itself for leadership in CS given the popularity of DS?
Quantifying identifiability to choose and audit ϵ in differentially private deep learning
Authors: Bernau Daniel , Eibl Günther , Grassal Philip W. , Keller Hannah , Kerschbaum Florian
Published: October 2021

Differential privacy allows bounding the influence that training data records have on a machine learning model. To use differential privacy in machine learning, data scientists must choose privacy parameters (ϵ,
δ
). Choosing meaningful privacy parameters is key, since models trained with weak privacy parameters might result in excessive privacy leakage, while strong privacy parameters might overly degrade model utility. However, privacy parameter values are difficult to choose for two main reasons. First, the theoretical upper bound on privacy loss (ϵ, δ) might be loose, depending on the chosen sensitivity and data distribution of practical datasets. Second, legal requirements and societal norms for anonymization often refer to individual identifiability, to which (ϵ,
δ
) are only indirectly related.

We transform (ϵ,
δ
) to a bound on the Bayesian posterior belief of the adversary assumed by differential privacy concerning the presence of any record in the training dataset. The bound holds for multidimensional queries under composition, and we show that it can be tight in practice. Furthermore, we derive an identifiability bound, which relates the adversary assumed in differential privacy to previous work on membership inference adversaries. We formulate an implementation of this differential privacy adversary that allows data scientists to audit model training and compute empirical identifiability scores and empirical (ϵ,
δ
).
Learning semantic and thematic vocabulary clusters through embedded instruction: effects on very young English learners’ vocabulary acquisition and retention
Authors: McDonald Jennifer Ann , Reynolds Barry Lee
Published: October 2021

Research has suggested an interference effect for words taught in semantic clusters due to the semantic links connecting the words. Thematic clustering of vocabulary is an alternative method of presenting new words to second language (L2) learners. However, what is known about the effects of semantic and thematic clustering has been uncovered through the recruitment of adult learners, with little research conducted with very young learners. Moreover, language textbooks and curriculums for very young learners continue to structure vocabulary semantically. Embedded instruction using storybook contexts has been suggested as a suitable context-based vocabulary teaching technique although knowledge of its effects is limited. To investigate this claim, a quasi-experimental within-subjects design was used to investigate whether embedded instruction could differentially affect very young L2 learners’ learning of new vocabulary taught in either semantic or thematic clusters (N = 38) compared to a control (N = 15). The findings suggest that embedded instruction is beneficial for very young L2 learners’ vocabulary learning regardless of the clustering type. Participants gained and retained over time considerable receptive and productive vocabulary knowledge for both semantic and thematic clustered words, indicating that embedding vocabulary in storybook contexts may reduce the potential for interference between target words in semantic clusters.
New results on perturbation-based copulas
Authors: Saminger-Platz Susanne , Kolesárová Anna , Šeliga Adam , Mesiar Radko , Klement Erich Peter
Published: October 2021

A prominent example of a perturbation of the bivariate product copula (which characterizes stochastic independence) is the parametric family of Eyraud-Farlie-Gumbel-Morgenstern copulas which allows small dependencies to be modeled. We introduce and discuss several perturbations, some of them perturbing the product copula, while others perturb general copulas. A particularly interesting case is the perturbation of the product based on two functions in one variable where we highlight several special phenomena, e.g., extremal perturbed copulas. The constructions of the perturbations in this paper include three different types of ordinal sums as well as flippings and the survival copula. Some particular relationships to the Markov product and several dependence parameters for the perturbed copulas considered here are also given.
Effect of unified power flow controller installation in dual feed induction generator (DFIG) wind turbines
Authors: Shemshadi Asaad , Khorampour Pourya
Published: October 2021

In recent years, the use of wind energy to generate electricity in the world has been accelerating and growing. Wind farms are unstable when dynamic voltage fluctuations occur, especially sudden and sudden changes in load, and show oscillating performance at their output. In this paper, the Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) has been simulated and studied by Matlab software to improve the dynamic stability and transient behavior of the wind power plant in the event of sudden load changes. The simulation results show that by controlling the UPFC series inverter, voltage fluctuations in the PCC bus are prevented and the UPFC parallel inverter injects power after changing the load for faster recovery and stability of the PCC bus voltage and thus the stability of the wind farm. The UPFC can control the active and reactive power at the transmission line, and in fact, controls the output of the wind turbine with the generator from both sides to the fluctuations caused by sudden load changes that play a role such as sudden disturbances and oscillating errors. Also, the presence of UPFC in the system reduces power fluctuations.
Growth hormone deficiency in a child with benign hereditary chorea caused by a de novo mutation of the TITF1/NKX2-1 gene
Authors: Trevisani Viola , Predieri Barbara , Madeo Simona Filomena , Fusco Carlo , Garavelli Livia , Caraffi Stefano , Iughetti Lorenzo
Published: October 2021

Objectives

Benign Hereditary Chorea (BHC) (MIM 118700) is a rare childhood-onset movements disorder characterized by non-progressive chorea. It is usually caused by variants in the thyroid transcription factor 1 (TITF-1/NKX2-1) gene and it is associated with thyroid dysfunction and pulmonary symptoms in the brain–lung–thyroid syndrome.

Case presentation

We reported the clinical case of a toddler presenting with neurological symptoms (hypotonia, delayed motor milestones, and axial dystonia) and subclinical hypothyroidism in which we found a ‘de novo’ variant in the NKX2-1 gene.

Conclusions

The peculiarity of our case is that the mild alteration of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, hypotonia, and delayed motor milestones were associated with growth hormone deficiency.
The crystal structure of catena-poly[(1,10-phenanthroline-k2
N,N′)-(μ3-tetraoxidomoybdato(VI)-k3
O:O′:O″)manganese(II)] C12H8N2O4MoMn
Authors: Ze-Hai Qiu , Zhu-Sen Zhang , Wu-Hua Chen
Published: October 2021

C12H8N2O4MoMn, monoclinic, P21/m (no. 11), a = 8.9812(5) Å, b = 6.5212(3) Å, c = 10.6167(6) Å, β = 100.120(6)°, V = 612.13(6) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0391, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0783, T = 293(2) K.
Laser irradiation effects on structural, morphological and mechanical characteristics of iron
Authors: Shahid Wajeehah , Shahid Samiah , Iqbal Muhammad Aamir , Idrees Faryal , Ud Din Syed Zaheer , Shah Atta Ullah , Alam Khan , Kanwal Qudsia , Iqbal Sadia Sagar
Published: October 2021

This study is aimed to investigate laser irradiation effects on the surface, structural, and mechanical properties of iron samples. The prepared samples have been treated for multiple exposure times using continuous-wave diode laser with a wavelength of 532 nm in a laboratory environment. The structural as well as surface modifications of laser exposed targets are explored via scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffractometer. The SEM analysis revealed micrometer grain size, exfoliational sputtering, and crater formation, while XRD patterns were used to investigate d-spacing, and grain size of laser exposed samples. The mechanical characteristics of laser-ablated materials were examined using a micro Vickers hardness-tester, and microhardness has been explored as a function of increasing laser exposure time. It has been observed that grain size reduces while hardness of polycrystalline iron increases with increase in exposure time.
Zastosowanie spektroskopii bliskiej podczerwieni do analizy wartości odżywczej produktów garmażeryjnych i makaronów dostępnych na polskim rynku
Authors: Dudkiewicz Agnieszka , Koźniewski Bartłomiej , Szymańska Anna
Published: October 2021

Celem pracy była ocena przydatności techniki spektroskopii bliskiej podczerwieni (NIR) do analizy wartości odżywczej produktów garmażeryjnych i makaronów dostępnych na polskim rynku. Ocenę przeprowadzono na podstawie porównania wyników wartości odżywczej podanych przez NIR z wynikami analiz laboratoryjnych. Urządzenie NIR skalibrowano w odniesieniu do trzech rodzajów produktów: 1) produkty garmażeryjne z mięsem typu krokiety, pierogi, pyzy, tortille, 2) produkty garmażeryjne z serem typu pierogi z serem i ruskie, naleśniki z serem, leniwe, knedle z serem, 3) produkty garmażeryjne inne typu pyzy ziemniaczane, kopytka, kluski na parze, naleśniki bez dodatków a także makarony po ugotowaniu. Kalibracje wykonano poprzez korelację widm NIR z wynikami analiz laboratoryjnych poszczególnych rodzajów produktów i składników chemicznych. Wykazano, że jakość pomiaru była do zaakceptowania w odniesieniu do składników chemicznych: woda, białko, tłuszcz, węglowodany, składniki mineralne jako popiół, błonnik i kwasy tłuszczowe nasycone, przynajmniej w przypadku dwóch rodzajów produktów poddanych analizie. Dla żadnego z analizowanych rodzajów produktów nie uzyskano satysfakcjonujących wyników dotyczących cukrów (prostych i dwucukrów) oraz soli (NaCl). Mała dokładność pomiaru NIR tych składników chemicznych mogła wynikać z niskiego lub mało zróżnicowanego poziomu badanej substancji, właściwego danemu rodzajowi produktu lub słabej interakcji danego składnika z promieniowaniem NIR, co utrudnia jego wykrycie. Na podstawie wyników można stwierdzić, że metoda NIR jest przydatna do poprawnej predykcji większości składników chemicznych składających się na wartość odżywczą, które należy deklarować na opakowaniach produktów garmażeryjnych i makaronów. Może stanowić dobrą alternatywę dla kosztownych i czasochłonnych analiz laboratoryjnych.
Wpływ dodatku inuliny na jakość sorbetów owocowych i warzywnych
Authors: Przybylski Wiesław , Sionek Barbara , Jaworska Danuta , Spychalska Anna , Rupińska Martyna
Published: October 2021

Inulina jest naturalnie występującym prebiotykiem. Jej dodatek do deserów lodowych zwiększa ich walory zdrowotne i nadaje produktom cech żywności funkcjonalnej. Jako substytut tłuszczu inulina obniża wartość energetyczną produktu. Może być czynnikiem teksturotwórczym, poprawiającym konsystencję, smarowność, stabilizującym, zagęszczającym a także może wpływać na smak i zapach produktów. Sorbety są chętnie spożywane, charakteryzują się atrakcyjnymi walorami smakowymi, niską wartością energetyczną, są lekkostrawne i łatwo przyswajalne, dlatego mogą być cennym nośnikiem prebiotyków w diecie. Dodatki prozdrowotne wprowadzane do sorbetów powinny podwyższać jakość sensoryczną produktu albo nie wpływać na nią znacząco. Celem pracy była ocena wpływu inuliny na jakość sensoryczną i wybrane cechy fizykochemiczne sorbetów owocowych i warzywnych. Oceniono jakość sensoryczną i technologiczną sorbetów marchwiowych i truskawkowych w porównaniu z produktami bez dodatku inuliny. Uzyskano sorbety o zadowalającej jakości sensorycznej i dobrych właściwościach fizykochemicznych. Dodatek inuliny (2 i 4 %) do sorbetów marchwiowych wpłynął istotnie na ich kwasowość i parametry barwy. Zwiększenie udziału inuliny wpłynęło na wzrost jasności barwy i obniżenie intensywności barwy czerwonej i żółtej tych sorbetów. Dodatek inuliny nie wpłynął istotnie na parametry barwy sorbetów truskawkowych. Uzyskane wyniki świadczą o tym, że zawartość inuliny w mrożonych deserach lodowych powinna być ustalana indywidualnie, w zależności od rodzaju sorbetu lodowego. W przypadku sorbetu marchwiowego optymalny jest 2-procentowy jej dodatek, a do sorbetu truskawkowego odpowiedni będzie 4-procentowy dodatek inuliny.
Wykorzystanie procesów fermentacyjnych do opracowania innowacyjnej metody otrzymywania octu jabłkowego o właściwościach prozdrowotnych
Authors: Gajewska Magdalena , Bartodziejska Beata , Szosland-Fałtyn Anna
Published: October 2021

Octy owocowe uzyskane metodami fermentacyjnymi stanowią atrakcyjny rodzaj żywności funkcjonalnej, która znajduje coraz większe uznanie wśród konsumentów ze względu na swoje walory prozdrowotne. Celem badań było opracowanie innowacyjnej technologii produkcji octu owocowego z wykorzystaniem lokalnych szczepów mikroorganizmów, pochodzących z kolekcji kultur Instytutu Biotechnologii Przemysłu Rolno-Spożywczego (IBPRS). Surowcem do biosyntezy octu były naturalne, tłoczone na zimno soki jabłkowe pozyskiwane od rolników i małych przedsiębiorców rolnych z województwa łódzkiego, śląskiego oraz mazowieckiego. Soki poddano wstępnym badaniom mikrobiologicznym i fizykochemicznym, polegającym na określeniu: liczby drożdży i pleśni, zawartości ekstraktu ogólnego, cukrów ogółem, kwasowości i pH oraz zawartości kadmu i ołowiu. Pierwszy etap produkcji octu stanowiła beztlenowa fermentacja soków jabłkowych, w wyniku której otrzymano wina, w których oznaczono zawartość alkoholu i cukrów. Drugim etapem była biosynteza kwasu octowego z użyciem win jabłkowych oraz szczepów bakterii octowych Acetobacter pasterianus O4 i Acetobacter pasterianus MW3. Podczas procesu biosyntezy oznaczano zawartość alkoholu oraz moc powstającego octu. Opracowana w Zakładzie Jakości Żywności IBPRS technologia otrzymywania octu owocowego umożliwiła uzyskanie produktu o mocy w zakresie 3,3 ÷ 4,5 g kwasu octowego w 100 cm3, pozbawionego chemicznych konserwantów, o wyjątkowych walorach smakowo-zapachowych, charakteryzującego się wysoką jakością i wartością żywieniową.
Biosynteza i suszenie rozpyłowe inwertazy z drożdzy Yarrowia lipolytica
Authors: Robak Małgorzata , Szczepańska Klaudia , Rakicka-Pustułka Magdalena , Serowik Małgorzata , Figiel Adam
Published: October 2021

Inwertaza jest ważnym enzymem powszechnie stosowanym w przemyśle spożywczym, zwłaszcza w cukiernictwie. Dostępne na rynku preparaty inwertazy zawierają enzym uzyskany z drożdży Saccharomyces cerevisiae w postaci płynnej. Poszukiwanie nowych źródeł inwertazy oraz uzyskanie bardziej stabilnych preparatów (proszków) może korzystnie zwiększyć ofertę dla przemysłu spożywczego. Do otrzymania sproszkowanych preparatów enzymatycznych stosuje się liofilizację, suszenie fluidyzacyjne, a nawet suszenie rozpyłowe. Celem pracy była ocena procesu biosyntezy inwertazy z glicerolu przez genetycznie zmodyfikowany polski szczep Yarrowia lipolytica oraz otrzymanie suszonego rozpyłowo preparatu tego enzymu. Biosyntezę enzymu wydzielanego przez drożdże prowadzono w trzech niezależnych procesach bioreaktorowych (H1, H2 i H3) z glicerolem jako głównym źródłem węgla. Z jednego bioreaktora uzyskano od 15926 do 40710 jednostek inwertazy (U) o aktywności właściwej 96,8 ÷ 645,6 U/mg białka. Do suszenia rozpyłowego przeznaczono 3690 ml zmieszanego płynu pohodowlanego o aktywności właściwej wynoszącej 263,4 U/mg białka. W procesie suszenia rozpyłowego z dodatkiem 1 % metylocelulozy otrzymano 198,12 g proszku o aktywności właściwej 113,4 U/mg białka. Inwertaza z Y. lipolytica w postaci proszku wykazywała niższe optimum pH i temperatury niż enzym natywny oraz była bardziej termostabilna. W zastosowanych warunkach suszenia rozpyłowego inwertaza utraciła 67 % aktywności i dlatego w dalszym postępowaniu należy przeprowadzić badania nad optymalizacją parametrów suszenia.
Określenie profilu kwasów tłuszczowych w wyciągach uzyskanych za pomocą ekstrakcji dwutlenkiem węgla w stanie nadkrytycznym z liści pokrzywy zwyczajnej (Urtica dioica L.)
Authors: Bajerlein Iza , Bielecki Patryk
Published: October 2021

Ekologiczne ekstrakty roślinne bogate w substancje biologicznie aktywne są cennym surowcem dla przemysłu spożywczego, stąd ciągle poszukuje się nowych ich źródeł. Szczególną uwagę zwraca się na rośliny pospolite, odporne na trudne warunki atmosferyczne, łatwo dostępne i tanie w uprawie. Do tego typu roślin należy pokrzywa zwyczajna (Urtica dioica L.). Celem pracy było określenie profilu kwasów tłuszczowych zawartych w liściach pokrzywy zwyczajnej, w wyciągach uzyskanych metodą ekstrakcji za pomocą nadkrytycznego dwutlenku węgla z dodatkiem etanolu. Uzyskano 5 ekstraktów różniących się sposobem pozyskania oraz parametrami procesu – czasem, ciśnieniem i temperaturą. Profil kwasów tłuszczowych oznaczono metodą GC-MS. Identyfikację związków przeprowadzono na podstawie porównania widm masowych z biblioteką NIST 11 oraz porównania czasów retencji z certyfikowanym materiałem odniesienia. We wszystkich ekstraktach udział nienasyconych kwasów tłuszczowych był większy niż nasyconych kwasów tłuszczowych. W badaniach wykazano, że wzrost temperatury i ciśnienia procesu skutkował wyekstrahowaniem większej ilości pożądanych nienasyconych kwasów tłuszczowych. Największą zawartością nienasyconych kwasów tłuszczowych cechował się ekstrakt otrzymany w temp. 50 ºC przy ciśnieniu 250 barów. W wyciągach uzyskanych przy zastosowaniu niskiego ciśnienia i wydłużonego czasu ekstrakcji nie zidentyfikowano kwasu eikozapentaenowego, który był obecny w pozostałych próbach.
The diverse roles of vitamin E, its occurrence and regulation in different plant tissues
Authors: Georgiadou Egli , Manganaris George , Fotopoulos Vasileios
Published: October 2021

Fruits and vegetables contain vitamins, dietary fibre and phytochemicals, which promote human health. Specifically vitamins are major bioactive compounds. In plant raw materials there are water-soluble (vitamins B and C) and lipid-soluble (vitamins A, E and K) ones, having strong antioxidant potential and limiting several diseases, including cancer and cardio-vascular diseases. Furthermore, vitamins play a key role in plant protection against abiotic and biotic stress factors. Vitamin E is a group of eight fat-soluble compounds known as tocochromanols, which are synthesized exclusively by photosynthetic organisms. Tocochromanols are categorised into two groups – tocopherols and tocotrienols. Each group contains four forms identified by prefixes α-, β-, γ- and δ-, yielding a total of eight forms. Vitamin E is an essential, lipid-soluble antioxidant in the human diet, protecting from cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular and neurological diseases. This review summarizes the recent developments in the understanding the variety of roles of vitamin E as well as its major genetic regulatory pathways in plants. In addition, a comprehensive mapping of vitamin E occurrence is presented in different plant tissues, organelles and horticultural crop species, as well as throughout different stages of fruit development and after postharvest.
Charakterystyka modelowych emulsji typu O/W z dodatkiem zagęszczonego wodnego ekstraktu z dzikiego dorsza
Authors: Szymańska Iwona , Żbikowska Anna , Marciniak-Łukasiak Katarzyna , Kowalska Małgorzata
Published: October 2021

Celem pracy było określenie wpływu wielkości dodatku zagęszczonego, wodnego ekstraktu z dzikiego dorsza na charakterystykę fizyczną modelowych emulsji typu O/W. Badano próbki zawierające 0, 4, 6, 8 i 10 % preparatu. Wyznaczono współczynniki konsystencji (wiskozymetrem rotacyjnym), średnią wielkość cząstek (pod mikroskopem optycznym), współczynniki dyspersji, stabilność wirówkową, stabilność termiczno-wirówkową oraz indeksy niestabilności emulsji (testem LUMiSizer). Przeprowadzono test przechowalniczy, którym analizowano profile transmisji światła przez próbki przechowywane w temp. 4, 20 lub 40 ºC przez 1, 4, 7, 10 i 14 dni. Wykazano, że wprowadzenie preparatu z dorsza do modelowych emulsji spowodowało wzrost średniej wielkości cząstek i współczynnika konsystencji emulsji oraz zmniejszenie wielkości współczynnika dyspersji w porównaniu z próbą kontrolną (bez udziału białka). Wszystkie emulsje były stabilne w teście wirówkowym, natomiast te z dodatkiem preparatu uległy niewielkiemu rozwarstwieniu w teście termiczno-wirówkowym. Na trwałość emulsji w czasie wpływ miały zarówno obecność preparatu w ich składzie, jak i temperatura przechowywania. Zastosowany preparat wydłużył trwałość emulsji. Próbki termostatowane w temp. 40 ºC charakteryzowały się najniższą stabilnością przechowalniczą – odwracalne i nieodwracalne zjawiska destabilizacji zachodziły w nich najintensywniej. Wykazano możliwość zagospodarowania odpadów branży rybnej do produkcji emulsji niskotłuszczowych.
New Approaches to the Creative Heritage of F. M. Dostoevsky: Based on the Materials from the Writer
Authors: Tarasova Natalia , Mbogo Irina , Zakharkina Valentina
Published: October 2021

The work is devoted to the substantiation of new research methods used to examine the writer's creative heritage and the concept of Dostoevsky's digital archive. The first part of the article provides examples of the use of online information technologies to create electronic archives of literary and historical texts from different eras, highlight the distinct and common features of the created archival collections, and analyze the principles of material presentation. The material for this part of the research was obtained from the most respectable foreign and Russian Internet portals, which display historical and literary collections and funds associated with various cultural traditions and personas. Each such electronic collection was created on the basis of extensive, sometimes decades-long, scientific work aimed at collecting handwritten and printed sources, restoring handwritten materials, their textual research, studying their creative and non-creative history, determining the methodology of working with them and the concept of their textual and digital reproduction, as well as extensive preparatory work on the selection of technical equipment and digitization of texts. In most cases, such digital archives are not only a place to store sources; they continue to serve research purposes and contain the results and examples of scientific research. In the second part of the article, the tasks of the Dostoevsky digital archive as a collection of texts and a scientific laboratory for the study of the writer's handwritten and printed heritage are formulated. The article substantiates the first stage of research work on the creation of a catalog of Dostoevsky's verbal and non-verbal graphics, based on the combination of modern software methods and textual analysis.
Understanding early auloi: Instruments from Paestum, Pydna and elsewhere
Authors: Hagel Stefan
Published: October 2021

Starting from data on the ‘Paestum’ or ‘Poseidonia’ aulos established by Paul andBarbara Reichlin-Moser and Stelios Psaroudakēs, the ‘Pydna’ aulos, and comparable finds ofearly, mainly six-hole one-hole-shift, doublepipe fragments, possible musical interpretations ofthis important instrument type of the early Classical Period are considered. Probable pitchesand intervals are assessed by means of well-tested software and confirmed experimentally;the required double reeds of a much longer type than known from later periods are shownto be substantiated by iconographic and literary testimony. The harmonic analysis of theinstruments proposes the notion of a rudimentary tetrachordal structure, with equallydivided tetrachords, which is both plausible in terms of music-ethnological parallels and thedevelopment of ancient musical theory. Some of the studied instruments appear to adhereto an early pitch standard, seemingly coinciding with the typical cithara octave. Criticalevaluation of literary sources finally leads to a cautious interpretation as ‘Lydian’ instruments.
Óleos essenciais no controle in vitro de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
Authors: Portella Julia , Corbellini Orlandi Rodrigo , Almeida Junior , Koefender Jana , Schoffel André , Nicolodi Camera Juliane
Published: October 2021

O mofo-branco é um patógeno que afeta culturas agrícolas, em especial a soja. O manejo da doença é baseado em medidas de controle cultural, químico e biológico. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o efeito dos óleos essenciais sobre o crescimento de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. O experimento foi conduzido no delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com 6 tratamentos e 5 repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos dos óleos essenciais de alho, alecrim, própolis, cravo-botão e melaleuca, além da testemunha. Para a determinação da atividade antifúngica procedeu-se o isolamento monospórico de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum para obtenção das colônias puras. Foram avaliados o crescimento micelial, percentagem de inibição do crescimento e taxa de crescimento micelial. As avaliações foram realizadas aos 3 dias e após em intervalos de sete dias, até as colônias atingirem toda a superfície do meio de cultura. O alho apresentou inibição parcial do crescimento micelial do fungo. O alecrim, própolis, cravo-botão e melaleuca são eficientes para o controle in vitro de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.
Palavras-chave: Fitopatologia; mofo-branco; alternativa de controle; doenças de plantas.
WORK ABILITY INDEX AND MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS IN WORKERS AT TRAKIA UNIVERSITY - STARA ZAGORA
Authors: Sandeva G. , Tsvetkova V. , Prakova G.
Published: October 2021

Demographic trends in the EU-27 show a gradual increase of the 55-64 age group (26% of the workforce). Natural aging is accompanied by complex age-related changes that lead to a progressive decrease in the body's adaptive capacity. The Work Ability Index (WAI) is a self-assessment tool for the physical and mental resources needed to perform various work activities. PURPOSE of this study was to determine WAI, musculoskeletal disorders and workplace risk factors for the employees of Trakia University, Stara Zagora. METHODS: A survey was performed using the WAI Questionnaire, the Nordic Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire, and a questionnaire on risk factors in the work environment. RESULTS: The total number of valid surveys was 513 (56.5% of all employees). Workers aged 55-64 had the highest share - 36.6%, followed by those aged 45-54 years (24.9%). The mean WAI score for all employees was good - 41.5. Clinical teaching staff had the highest mean WAI score (43.7), while preclinical tutors (40.9) and medical professionals (40.6) had the lowest. A significant negative correlation was found between WAI and age (r = -0.15; p <0.0005), as well as between WAI and work experience (r = -0.17; p <0.0003). Most common in the prevalence of reported diseases were musculoskeletal disorders (25.0%), followed by cardiovascular (14.69%) and gastrointestinal diseases (12.7%). Risk factor analysis showed that 55.9% of the respondents indicated using display screen equipment, 37.5% - frequent, repetitive hand movements, and 27.7% - working at a non-ergonomic workstation for at least half of the working time. CONCLUSION: The obtained results show good work ability of the employees at the university, but also the need for prevention of musculoskeletal disorders, which are mainly due to long work hours involving display screen equipment.
Overview of early childhood care and education in Malaysia
Authors: Rahmatullah Bahbibi , Muhamad Rawai Norshakila , Mohamad Samuri Suzani , Md Yassin Sopia
Published: October 2021

Early childhood care and education (ECCE) is commonly understood in Malaysia as providing care and education for young children from the age of newborn until about six years old, before they enter formal elementary education. Various curriculum and teaching approaches were developed to enhance children's learning experiences based on their needs, age, and ability to support all three main developmental aspects: cognitive (language development and problem-solving skills), physical (development of gross and fine motor skills), and social-emotional (interaction with others). This paper will provide an overview of Malaysia's ECCE from its early implementation until today based on literature review of related research conducted in Malaysia. The definition of ECCE in Malaysia, its history and development, ECCE providers and type of institutions, current ECCE curriculum, and ECCE related acts in Malaysia are presented. In addition, the challenges faced, its consequences, and future course of ECCE in Malaysia are also discussed. It is envisaged that this article would be a platform for the relevant stakeholders worldwide to gain an insight on the Malaysian ECCE, serve as a benchmark and act as a reference for their respective ECCE settings.
Developing new antiferroelectric and ferroelectric oxides and chalcogenides within the A2BX3 family
Authors: Khan Aaliyah C. , Cook Autumn S. , Leginze Joshua A. , Bennett Joseph W.
Published: October 2021

Here, we employ first-principles methods to expand the set of functional materials known as ferroelectrics and antiferroelectrics. We use known compounds, whose properties have previously been overlooked, as the springboard for new materials. We first develop methodology to search for polar instabilities in known nonpolar and antipolar compounds and then use this technique to identify new members of the A2BX3 family. This methodology identities new Pb-free oxides and chalcogenides, with a wide range of band gaps, to be used as solid-state photovoltaics. Finally, we perform a cursory evaluation of how compositional tuning of oxide materials can adjust the difference in energy between ground and metastable states, to assess the likelihood of polarization switching. In total, we report on a targeted sets of new materials to synthesize and design routes to obtain ferroelectrics and antiferroelectrics with energetic barriers amenable to switching with an electric field.

Graphic abstract
3D printing nanocomposite hydrogels with lattice vascular networks using stereolithography
Authors: Kalossaka Livia M. , Mohammed Ali A. , Sena Giovanni , Barter Laura , Myant Connor
Published: October 2021

Hydrogels have emerged as leading candidates to reproduce native extracellular matrix. To provide structures and functions similar to tissues in vivo, controlled porosity and vascular networks are required. However, fabrication techniques to introduce these are still limited. In this study we propose stereolithography as a fabrication technique to achieve 3D vascular networks using water-based solvents only. A 3D printable hydrogel is formulated based on available commercial chemicals such as acrylamide (AAm) and polyethylene glycol diacrylate 700 (PEGDA700), with nanocellulose crystals (CNC) as a nanofiller. An optimisation procedure to increase resolution, tune porosity as well as mechanical properties is developed. The results highlight the importance of photoabsorber addition to improve channel resolution. We demonstrate that with the adequate choice of chemicals and fillers for photocurable formulations, structural and functional properties of the fabricated scaffold can be tailored, opening the path for advanced applications.

Graphic abstract
Economía social, crisis económicas y reestructuración del estado de bienestar
Authors: Inglada Galiana Elena , Pérez Chinarro Emilio , Manuel Sastre Jose
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: el presente artículo pretende establecer una vinculación histórica y actual entre la evolución del Estado de bienestar, la economía social y las crisis económicas. De este objetivo general se deduce otro objetivo más concreto: trazar los vínculos entre el estadillo de la recesión económica iniciada en 2008 y las consecuencias en el Estado de bienestar en España.

Metodología: esta investigación se realiza con fuentes secundarias, mediante la revisión bibliográfica de aspectos teóricos del Estado del bienestar y la Economía Social. Se han analizado las consecuencias derivadas de la recesión, examinándose diferentes ámbitos de actuación correspondientes a las principales áreas que conforman la política social, fundamentalmente la vivienda, incluyéndose diversos indicadores —ejecuciones hipotecarias, desahucios o el PIB de las Comunidades Autónomas—. Para ello se ha trabajado a partir de una revisión bibliográfica de autores de referencia, revistas especializadas, sitios web y datos procedentes de fuentes gubernamentales (INE, Banco de España, entre otras).

Resultados: el resultado advertido es que el Estado del bienestar ha experimentado transformaciones en sus interpretaciones y puntos de vista marcados por los heterogéneos contextos políticos económicos y sociales que ha vivido en los últimos años. En el presente, no es resultado de un único factor sino de un compendio de escenarios políticos, sociales y laborales que traspasan nuestras fronteras debido a la globalización.

Conclusiones: se puede determinar que el futuro implica, necesariamente, una reestructuración del Estado del Bienestar dentro de las líneas generales de actuación que defiende la economía social.
Rainy season characteristics for the Luvuvhu River catchment, South Africa
Authors: Fhulufhelo Phillis Tshililo  , Michael John Savage  , Mokhele Edmond Moeletsi
Published: October 2021

Maize is a staple crop in South Africa and is mainly grown under rain-fed conditions. Rain-fed agricultural production is heavily reliant on rainfall during the planting season. Information on rainy season characteristics is of utmost importance as it guides farmers in preparing for the upcoming season. The study investigated rainy season characteristics for the Luvuvhu River Catchment with reference to rain-fed maize production. Historical daily rainfall data were obtained from 12 weather stations for the period 1923–2015. Instant+ statistical software was used to compute onset, false onset, cessation and length of the rainy season. The trends in rainy season characteristics were analysed using the Spearman rank correlation test. Onset of the rainy season can be expected from the first week of October to the third week of January, while cessation can be expected from the first week of February to the first week of May. The length of the rainy season ranged from 67 to 203 days. Seasonal rainfall ranged from 182 to 1 535 mm. Phafuri, Sigonde, Phunda Maria and Folovhodwe had a higher probability of false onset. No significant changes in rainy season characteristics at a 5% level of significance were observed. There was a strong correlation between onset and length of the rainy season. Based on rainfall patterns only, Phafuri, Sigonde and Folovhodwe might not be suitable for maize production under the current climate. The most favourable sites for maize production within the catchment are Entabeni, Levubu, Lwamondo, Thathe, Tshiombo and Vreemedeling. The findings of this study have implications on agricultural activities and food security as maize is a staple crop in the Luvuvhu River catchment area. Information on rainy season characteristics may therefore help in strengthening food security.
Expanded perlite: potential for removing antibiotics from water
Authors: Bruna Martins Vicentin  , Raquel Dalla Costa da Rocha
Published: October 2021

This work aims to study the potential of expanded perlite (EP) for amoxicillin (AMX) removal in aqueous solution. For this purpose, chemical, morphological, and textural characteristics of the EP were evaluated, in addition to AMX removal by the adsorption process. The kinetic, isothermal, and thermodynamic parameters were also assessed. The EP presented an isoelectric point of 6.5 and a surface with hydroxyl bands, which favour the adsorption process. Air bubbles were sealed and randomly connected with each other, increasing the surface area relative to the adsorption sites. These non-porous or macro-porous sites demonstrate efficiency in the mechanisms of mass transfer. AMX removal was determined to be a pseudo-second-order process since the adsorption velocity was proportional to the square of the available adsorption sites and indicates heterogeneity in the surface interactions between the adsorbed molecules. Also, the interactions were considered multilayer for low concentrations and monolayer for high concentrations (Sips isotherm). The adsorption process was endothermic and utilised a physical adsorption mechanism. Considering that no modification treatment was applied to the EP, and due to its neutral isoelectric point, macropores, amorphous and dipole induction force (physical adsorption) characteristics, favourable affinity between EP and AMX was observed.