bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Fit and CSR Consistency on Company Evaluation: The Role of CSR Support
Authors: Yoo Dongho , Lee Jieun
Published: August 2018

With growing interest in corporate social responsibility (CSR), companies are utilizing it as a public relation (PR) tool for corporate image change. Previous research suggests that the fit between a company and CSR activity is a key determinant of CSR success. They show that, the higher the CSR fit, the more positive the consumers’ evaluations are. However, although many companies undertake various CSR activities, there is no research examining the effect of consistency among various CSR activities. In addition, there is a lack of explanation for cases where consumers positively evaluate low CSR fit. In this study, we examine CSR fit, consistency among various CSR activities (CSR consistency), and the degree of consumer support for CSR activities (CSR support). Our multiple regressions show that higher the CSR support, the more positive is the consumer’s evaluation of the company. In addition, when CSR support is high, the effect of CSR fit and CSR consistency on company evaluations is insignificant. However, when consumer support for CSR activities is low, company evaluations are positive only when both CSR fit and CSR consistency are high. In addition, the influence of three variables on company evaluation is mediated by CSR motives. Finally, we discuss the implications of this study.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE GLOBAL AERONAUTICAL DISTRESS AND SAFETY SYSTEM (GADSS)
Authors: Ilcev Dimov Stojce
Published: August 2018

In this paper is introduced the first proposal for development of Global Aeronautical Distress and Safety System (GADSS) in 1999 by the author of this article. The GADSS is de facto the integration of space (radio and satellite) Communication, Navigation and Surveillance (CNS) with Tracking, Detecting and Search and Rescue (SAR) systems, which have to provide airmen with global communications and locating networks. The GPS, GLONASS and other Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) provide precise positioning data for vessels, land vehicles and aircraft, but modern CNS demands need for enhanced services and augmentation of GNSS networks. Both networks have to be integrated under an GADSS umbrella with elements capable of being operated by any individual onboard aircraft to ensure prompt distress alert for SAR procedure. The enhanced concept of GADSS is that SAR authorities ashore and ships in the immediate vicinity of the aircraft in distress have to be rapidly alerted via radio and satellite communication systems and to assist in a coordinated SAR operations with the minimum of delay. In 2016, 16 years in delay, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) has begun its process to amend international standards and recommended practices to align with GADSS concept. This paper will also introduce the necessary networks and equipment, which has to ensure harmonized and enhanced maritime and aeronautical global SAR systems.
On the Stellar Velocity Distribution in the Solar Neighborhood in Light of Gaia DR2
Authors: Michtchenko Tatiana A. , Lépine Jacques R. D. , Pérez-Villegas Angeles , Vieira Ronaldo S. S. , Barros Douglas A.
Published: August 2018

The aim of this Letter is to contribute to the understanding of the stellar velocity distribution in the solar neighborhood (SN). We propose that the structures on the U–V planes, known as the moving groups, can be mainly explained by the spiral arms perturbations. The applied model of the Galactic disk and spiral arms, with the parameters defined by observational data and with pattern speed Ω
p
 = 28.0 km s−1 kpc−1, is the same that allowed us to explain the origin of the Local Arm and the Sun’s orbit trapped inside the corotation resonance (CR). We show that the U–V picture of the SN consists of the main component, associated with the CR, and the inner and outer structures, which we could associate with the Hercules and Sirius streams, respectively. The Coma-Berenices and Hyades–Pleiades groups, and the Sun itself, belong to the main part. The substructures of Hercules are formed mainly by the nearby 8/1, 12/1, and even 6/1 inner Lindblad resonances, while Sirius is shaped by the bulk of overlapping outer Lindblad resonances, −8/1, −12/1, −16/1, which are stuck to the CR. This richness in resonances only exists near corotation, which should be of the spiral arms, not of the Galactic bar, whose stable corotation zone is far away from the Sun. The model’s predictions of the velocity distribution match qualitatively and quantitatively the distribution provided by Gaia data release 2.
Influence social and healthcare support on psychiatric adverse events in MDR-TB patient
Authors: Reviono Reviono , Harsini Harsini , Aphridasari Jatu , Nugroho I Gusti Bagus Indro , Damayanti Kusmadewi Eka
Published: August 2018

Introduction: Multidrug resistance tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a continuing threat because the treatment is rather toxic. One of the causes of poor treatment outcome is due to the adverse events, especially the occurrence of psychiatric adverse events.

Methodology: The two cases presented in this paper are MDR-TB patients with psychiatric adverse events related to depression spectrum. The diagnosis of psychiatric adverse events was done by psychiatrist in the referral hospital.

Results: The treatment of MDR-TB and psychiatric adverse event was carried out simultaneously. One of the patients was able to manage the adverse events, but the other was not. The management of psychiatric adverse events need to be performed carefully. Social support of family and friends was received by the successful patient, while the other was not fully supported, thus failed the treatment.

Conclusion: The social support provided by the family and friends are precious for the successful treatment of MDR-TB psychiatric adverse events. The availability of healthcare personnel who is able to recognize the symptoms early is needed in the community healthcare service in order to properly detect and manage the psychiatric adverse events on MDR-TB patients.
Atraumatic Fracture of the BIOLOXdeltaCeramic Liner in Well-Fixed Total Hip Implants
Authors: Yoon Byung-Ho , Park In Keun
Published: August 2018

A newer alumina matrix composite ceramic (BIOLOXdelta; CeramTec, Plochingen, Germany) was developed to improve resistance to wear while reducing the risk for fractures with alumina-on-alumina design. This article describes a case of fracture of the BIOLOXdeltaceramic liner without history of trauma in well-fixed total hip implants. A 61-year-old woman underwent total hip replacement via the posterior approach 20 months earlier because of osteonecrosis of the femoral head. A cementless cup and a stem with a 52/36-mm BIOLOXdeltacouple bearing were used. The authors found signs of stripe wear on the inner surface of the ceramic liner, leading them to believe the possible cause of fracture in this patient was edge loading due to joint laxity. The authors performed revision surgery with the use of another ceramic couple-bearing implant and converted the head component from short to long (+4 mm). More cases should be collected to verify the mechanism of the fracture of the BIOLOXdeltaceramic liner with a well-fixed cup. [Orthopedics. 2018; 41(6):e880–e883.]
Dynamique d’occupation du sol des zones humides urbanisées de Dakar (Sénégal) de 1942 à 2014
Authors: Aimée Diop , Sambou Hyacinthe , Diop Cheikh , Ntiranyibagira Elysée , Dacosta Honoré , Sambou Bienvenu
Published: August 2018

L’étude est une analyse de la dynamique spatiale de l’occupation du sol des zones humides (Niayes) de Dakar de 1942 à 2014 par l’utilisation d’outils de la géomatique. Nous avons exploité les photographies aériennes des années 1942, 1966 et 1978 et les images satellitaires des années 2003 et 2014 pour une cartographie de l’occupation du sol. Les résultats d’analyse montrent que la grande sécheresse des années 1970 a modifié l’hydrologie des Niayes et entraîné une régression des zones inondables. La surface de ces dernières varie de 35,84 % en 1942 à 5,44 % en 2003. À partir de 2003, l’urbanisation accrue de la zone a réduit progressivement la superficie qui était occupée par les Niayes bien que l’eau ait progressé de 9,25 % en 2014. À cette date, le bâti prédominait à 37,27 % dans la zone au détriment des surfaces nues, de l’eau et surtout de la végétation. La densification du réseau routier constitue le principal facteur de fragmentation des Niayes et la principale porte d’entrée à leur occupation.
Revendications religieuses sur les aires protégées chez les Gourmantché du Burkina Faso
Authors: Kaboré Alexis
Published: August 2018

Dans leur grande majorité, les aires protégées (forêts classées, parcs nationaux et réserves de faune...), sont d’anciens territoires de communautés installées dans leurs périphéries. Ces populations sont organisées au travers de processus de construction du territoire qui, dans la plupart des cas, comportent une dimension religieuse. Dans les sociétés de l’Afrique subsaharienne, les autels sacrificiels constituent la marque par excellence d’une telle représentation de l’espace. Continuer à offrir aux puissances associées à ces autels des sacrifices est, pour les populations, une obligation. Pour ce faire, il faut se rendre sur l’autel, même lorsqu’il est situé à l’intérieur du domaine classé. L’impossibilité de retourner sur les sites sacrificiels du fait des contraintes de l’aire protégée est un des principaux objets de la contestation opposée par les populations de la périphérie. Comment des sociétés caractérisées par la mobilité des populations résolvent-elles la contradiction entre déplacements (volontaires ou forcés) des hommes et « fixité » des lieux de culte? Chez les Gourmantché, beaucoup d’observateurs font remarquer que le système sacrificiel dispose en lui-même des solutions pour l’accès aux autels que les populations continuent à solliciter : il faut déplacer l’autel, le reproduire ou lui sacrifier à distance. Cependant, le recours à ces alternatives n’est pas toujours possible, comme nous le montrerons. L’objectif de cet article est d’analyser le sens des résistances manifestées par les pratiques de contournement des injonctions administratives et les discours critiques développés par les populations au sujet de l’accès à leurs lieux de culte.
Characterization of Hydroxyapatite/ Silk Fibroin/ Chitosan Scaffold for Cartilage Tissue Engineering
Authors: Thunsiri Kittiya , Oonjai Atitaya , Wattanutchariya Wassanai
Published: August 2018

Tissue engineering (TE) is a modern medical approach to reconstruct damage tissue in a shorter period. Scaffold is the main structure for cells adhesion and provides 3D space for cell proliferation and growth. Biomaterials were selected to fabricate a scaffold according to properties and target tissues. In this study, Hydroxyapatite (HA), Silk Fibroin (SF), and Chitosan (CS) were selected to fabricate the scaffold in different combination ratios by freeze drying (FD) technique. According to the physical properties of the fabricated scaffold, cartilage tissue was selected as a study target area for the future medical application. Scaffold characterization was performed to observe the scaffolds properties in each materials ratio. In this study, CS scaffold provided highest abilities which related to cartilage tissue structure. Moreover, the combination of SF in CS provided highest ability for cartilage cell proliferation in vitro. Therefore, CS could be used as a cartilage scaffold for cartilage TE and SF could be added to increased the cells viability of the scaffold.
A Model of Magnetorheological Grease using Machine Learning Method
Authors: Bahiuddin Irfan , Mazlan Saiful Amri , Shapiai Mohd. Ibrahim , Mohamad Norzilawati , Imaduddin Fitrian
Published: August 2018

Magnetorheological (MR) grease is a promising material to replace MR fluid because the advantage in term of stability and less possibility to leaking. To improve the material properties, an accurate model can be critical for reducing the time and cost of the development process. A model has been developed to predict MR fluid material properties by including the composition. However, the model may need adjustment and cannot predict other essential rheology parameters, such as viscosity, apparent viscosity, shear rate, and shear stress. Therefore, the technical novelty of this paper is to propose a model with composition as one of the inputs using extreme learning machine method. A scoring system is also introduced to quantify the significance of the composition effect toward the MR grease performance. Then, the model is simulated and compared with experimental data. The performance shows high accuracy estimation with normalized root mean square error about 1.25%.
Morphological and Structural Characterization of YSZ Thin Film Fabricated by Electrophoretic Deposition on LSM/YSZ Substrate
Authors: Garcia Alexis Karla , Cervera Rinlee Butch M.
Published: August 2018

YSZ film was fabricated by a facile electrophoretic deposition process using commercial YSZ powders. YSZ films with average thickness of around 10 µm were deposited on LSM/YSZ substrate at 20 V for 20 minutes and subsequently sintered at 1200 °C, 1300 °C, and 1350°C. XRD patterns of the deposited and sintered films can be attributed to mostly cubic YSZ phase. On the other hand, SEM images revealed that a sintering temperature above 1300 °C was needed to obtain a denser YSZ film. The film morphology also showed that as the sintering temperature increases, the YSZ grain size also increases.
Oxygen Atmosphere Annealing Effect on the Thermal Stability of TiO2-x Based Films for Shutter-Less Infrared Image Sensors
Authors: Reddy Y. Ashok Kumar , Kang In Ku , Shin Young Bong , Lee Hee Chul
Published: August 2018

In the present study, we examine the thermal stability of TiO2-x (TiO) and Nb:TiO2-x (TNO) films at different exposing temperatures for the as-deposited and oxygen-atmosphere annealed samples. In order to attain the good thermal stability characteristics, lower resistance of the TiO and TNO samples were annealed in oxygen gas atmosphere at a high flow rate (5 lit/min) of oxygen gas and annealing time (25 min). From the structural studies, it can be confirmed that the annealing process gives the incorporation of oxygen atoms to its vacant sites and the phase transition improvement from the amorphous to rutile structure. The annealed samples reveal the high resistivity and temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) values than as-deposited samples. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the annealed samples exhibits a significant improvement of thermal stability compared to the as-deposited samples. As a result, the annealed TNO sample exhibits outstanding thermal stability as well as better bolometric performance. Consequently, this study reveals that the annealed TNO sample is appropriate for shutter-less infrared image sensor devices.
Experimental Study on Flame Spread over Inclined PMMA and PE Slabs
Authors: Zhao Kun , Zhou Xiao Dong , Peng Fei , Ju Xiao Yu , Yang Li Zhong
Published: August 2018

The effects of orientation on flame spread over the upper surface of PMMA and PE slabs were studied through a series of experiments. For fuel inclined angles smaller than 75° in this study, flame spread would arrive a steady-state stage finally. The flame spread rate and the angle of the fire plume near pyrolysis front in the steady-state stage were measured to investigate the differences between flame spread over melting and non-melting solids. Compared to the flame spread over polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), the melting behaviors of high density polyethylene (PE) significantly decrease the flame spread rate, which is mainly attributed to the decreased size of fire plume and reduced interactions between fire plume and solid surface. The angles of the fire plume in the steady-state stage under different fuel inclined angles were measured to better understand the melting effects on flame spread over the inclined solid surface.
Synthesis of Hematite (α-Fe2O3) Nanostructures by Thermal Oxidation of Iron Sheet for Cr (VI) Adsorption
Authors: Aquino Christian Laurence E. , Bongar Mikko James C. , Silvestre Anfernee B. , Balela Mary Donnabelle L.
Published: August 2018

In this study, hematite (α-Fe2O3) nanostructures were synthesized via thermal oxidation of Fe sheet in dry air and in water vapor. SEM images show nanoblades and nanowires growing on the surface of the sheet. Samples synthesized in water vapor generally produced larger nanostructures while samples oxidized in higher temperatures formed taller and slender nanostructures. The α-Fe2O3nanostructures were used as adsorbent for Cr (VI) in acidic medium. Chromium removal was highest with the samples synthesized at 650°C in water vapor with 95% efficiency. Kinetic and thermodynamic studies revealed that the adsorption process strongly followed pseudo-second order kinetics model and is endothermic. The process also follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model, suggesting that the process is described by homogeneous, monolayer adsorption. Adsorption of Cr (VI) onto hematite may be attributed to the electrostatic reaction between the positively charged hematite adsorbent and negative chromium ion.
The Grinding of the Worm for Worm Gear Set
Authors: Chen Chi Hsiang , Nguyen Duy Hoang , Chang Shinn Liang , Nguyen Truong Giang
Published: August 2018

Worm gear set is composed by the worm and worm wheel. It is an important transmission device for crossed axes transmission with high gear ratio. Worm gears can be produced in several ways, depending on the size of the transmission, the number of threads, the type of the worm and the purpose of application, etc. The contact is highly related to the precision of tooth profile. The best way to control the characteristic of contact is done by the modified worm profile. This paper deals with the manufacture of ZI-Worm whose theoretical tooth surface is generated by a screw motion of a straight line. In order to manufacture the worm with modified high precision tooth profile, the most important consideration is how to develop the profile of the grinding wheel in the worm grinding process. It is the essential requirement for the development of grinding machine for the worm. This article therefore deals with the problems of how to generate the profile of the grinding wheel. By the development of the grinding machine, we can complete the worm surface and tools for the production.
Modelling and Optimization for Cutting Forces in Ultrasonic-Assisted Drilling of Soda Glass
Authors: Abdelkawy Abdallah , Hossam Mohab , El-Hofy Hassan
Published: August 2018

Ultrasonic-Assisted Drilling (UAD) is a promising technology used for machining difficult-to-cut materials. In this work, an experimental investigation and statistical analysis are used to study the characteristics UAD and conventional drilling (CD) of soda glass using diamond abrasive tools. Statistically designed experiments were conducted using cutting fluid at different levels of tool feed rate, spindle speed, and tool abrasive-concentration. The mean thrust force and moment were considered the main responses. The significant drilling factors and their interactions were identified by modelling the process parameters and the output responses. The statistical models and optimum levels are determined. The ultrasonic application showed a significant effect on reducing the feed forces and drilling moment. Spindle speed is significant factor on thrust force and moment. The models error is less that 9%.
Analysis of Indentation on Layered Elastic Medium with Surface Energy Effects
Authors: Tirapat Supakorn , Senjuntichai Teerapong
Published: August 2018

This paper presents the analysis of an axisymmetric frictionless rigid punch on a layered elastic medium with the consideration of surface energy effects by adopting Gurtin-Murdoch continuum theory of surface elasticity. The indentation problem is formulated as a mixed-boundary value problem with the displacement boundary condition being imposed at the contact area. The unknown contact pressure under the indenter is then determined by employing a discretization technique with use of the displacement Green’s functions. The required Green’s functions are expressed in the form of the Hankel integral transform. The accuracy of the proposed solution scheme is verified by comparing with existing solutions. Selected numerical results on displacement and stress profiles in a layered elastic half-space are presented to demonstrate the influence of various parameters on elastic fields. It is found that the layered medium becomes stiffer and shows size-dependent behavior due to the presence of surface stresses.
Material Properties of Natural Rubber Solid Tires for Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Phromjan Juthanee , Suvanjumrat Chakrit
Published: August 2018

The three natural rubber compounds of solid tires producing were performed the mechanical property test. The constitutive model of each material tire layer was determined by the curve fitting method of the true stress-strain characteristic results. The Ogden constitutive model was the most suitable material model for all layers of solid tires. It had the precise R2 result comprising of 0.990, 0.988 and 0.989 for the internal, middle and tread layer of solid tires, respectively. Subsequently, the material model was implemented for the finite element method (FEM) to test the rubber specimens. The FEM obtained an average error of 7.84%. Finally, the compression load test on solid tires was performed both FEM and physical experiment. The solid tire model with the Ogden constitutive model had a good agreement with the experimental data and obtained an average difference of 2.27 mm for the vertical deformation under compression test.
Evaluation of the Design Mix Proportion on Mechanical Properties of Engineered Cementitious Composites
Authors: Wee Lee Siong , Lian Oh Chai , Zain Mohd Raizamzamani Md
Published: August 2018

This paper investigates the mechanical properties of engineered cementitious composites (ECC) in terms of compressive strength and flexural behaviour. A new version of ECC made of cement, ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS), local sand, polypropylene (PP) fibers, water and superplasticizer (SP) was employed in this study. Few series of ECC mixtures were designed, cast, and tested in compression and flexural after 28 days of curing. The effect of the fiber content and sand content were studied in different cement-GGBS combination. Compression test results indicated that all ECC mixtures obtained at least 1.8 times compressive strength compared to normal concrete. They also demonstrated more ductile flexural behavior compared to normal concrete from three-point bending test. Increasing fiber content from 1.5% to 2.0% and 2.5% has negative effect on compressive strength but significantly improved modulus of toughness of ECC mixtures. The compressive strength of ECC was reduced when the sand to binder ratio adjusted to 0.4 and 0.6. The flexural behaviour of ECC was slightly improved with the increasing of sand content.
Behaviour of Fly Ash and Rice Husk Ash Based Geopolymer Concrete
Authors: Verma Saraswati , Kumar Mayank
Published: August 2018

Geopolymer Concrete (GPC) is a novel concrete which has evolved in recent decades. It uses industrial waste products like fly ash (FA), ground granulated blast slag (GGBS), Rice husk ash (RHA), micro-silica, and red mud etc., from industries, with alkaline liquids to replace cement in concrete by 100%, thereby developing an eco-friendly and sustainable construction material and simultaneously reducing waste disposal problem of fly ash and rice husk ash. GPC not only possesses excellent mechanical properties it also have very good durability properties. This paper presents the effect of partial replacements of fly ash with rice husk ash on the properties of geopolymer concrete. Mixes chosen for investigation were GPC-1, GPC-2, GPC-3, GPC-4, and GPC-5 containing respectively 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% RHA in place of FA. Various synthesis parameters like alkaline liquid to source material ratio, molarity of NaOH solution, sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide ratio were kept at their optimum values of 0.45, 12M, and 2.5 respectively. Heat curing was given to specimens by dry oven curing for initial 24 hours at a specified temperature of 70°C, and then ambient exposure was given to the test specimens for periods of 3, 7, 28, and 90 days respectively. Results of tests conducted have been discussed in detail.
Investigation of Gamma Ray Shielding and Compressive Strength of Concrete Containing Barite and Ferrophosphorous
Authors: Julphunthong Phongthorn , Joyklad Panuwat
Published: August 2018

This work emphasizes on the improvement of the gamma shielding ability of concrete using heavyweight materials of barite and ferrophosphorous. The physical properties and chemical composition of the selected aggregate materials were also studied. The specific gravity test results suggested barite and ferrophosphorous show excellent characteristics for improving shielding ability due to their high specific gravity of 4.21 and 5.35, respectively. The samples which applied barite and ferrophosphorous as aggregates, show high densities of 3,233 kg/m3 and 4,288 kg/m3, respectively. The sample applied ferrophosphorus material as an aggregate, had the highest linear attenuation coefficients with the highest density. The computed linear attenuation coefficients indicated higher values when compared with measured values due to low homogeneity of samples.
Temporary exports and characteristics of destination countries: first evidence from German transaction data
Authors: Wagner Joachim
Published: August 2018

This paper uses information on all export transactions of goods by German firms with countries outside the European Union from 2009 to 2014 to document for the first time the patterns of export participation at the firm-good-destination level over time and to investigate the link between the duration of export patterns and characteristics of destination countries. It turns out that only 6.5 percent of all combinations were recorded in each year, while more than half of all patterns are only observed once. In line with theoretical hypotheses, the likelihood of permanent trade patterns increases within a firm with proximity and market size of destination countries.
The Impact of Employee Empowerment on the Organizational Commitment
Authors: Zaraket Wael , Garios Robert , Malek Layla Abdel
Published: August 2018

Organizational commitment has been a topic of extensive interest since 1950 due to its substantial implications on both employees and organizations. Therefore, it is crucial for every company to determine and understand the aspects which boost the commitment of its employees thus leading to achieve its objectives and optimize the human capital. Hence, the purpose of this research was to analyze the impact of core components of employee empowerment on the organizational commitment in the Lebanese Banking sector.This research adopted the principles of positivism where the researcher was independent from the study. Since the study was already grounded from an existing theoretical framework with the purpose of testing hypotheses, the deductive approach was followed.  After studying the existing literature related to the subject, the researcher conducted a quantitative study. The data was distributed and collected from 123 employees working in the Lebanese Banking sector using a self-administered questionnaire. The aim of this questionnaire was to explore the influence of job autonomy, motivation, training and compensation on organizational commitment.The hypotheses which were proposed to be tested during the research were verified. The results reflected a positive relation between the components of employee empowerment and organizational commitment. This was in alignment with the other business sectors in Lebanon and in similar banking sector in the region and the West. Accordingly, the banks should consider employee empowerment as one of the factors in promoting organizational commitment. Consequently, this leads to employees’ organizational retention in the Lebanese Banking sector.
Case/agreement matching: Evidence for a cognitive bias
Authors: Sheehan Michelle , Paciorek Albertyna , Williams John
Published: August 2018

In an artificial language experiment, participants were taught two different artificial languages consisting of English content words and novel morphological marking. The first of the languages had matching alignment in both case and agreement, as attested in natural languages such as Basque, Belhare and Tsez. The other language combined accusative case alignment with ergative agreement alignment, a combination which is apparently unattested amongst natural languages. There was no significant difference between the languages in terms of the proportion of participants that showed awareness of the agreement pattern, nor in the ability of aware participants to recall case markers and inflections during training, or select the correct verb inflection in the generation post-test. However, amongst participants who remained unaware of the agreement pattern there was a significant difference in recall of verb inflections and case markers during the exposure phase task – recall was more accurate in the (attested) language with matching case and agreement alignment than the (nonattested) language in which case and agreement alignment were unmatched. We take this as evidence that there is a cognitive bias against the unattested non-matching alignment, reflected in implicit learning.
Accounting perspective on the budgets of Częstochowa and Dąbrowa Górnicza on the eve of the Second Republic of Poland
Authors: Chluska Jolanta , Adamek-Hyska Dorota
Published: August 2018

From the perspective of the period 1918-2018, it is possible to conclude that budget is the most important economic, political and social institution in both the state sector and the self-government sector. Budget related assumptions are major determinants of each municipality’s accounting, from financial planning, through recording to reporting. The article aims to present the informative value of budgets and their structures in 1918 in two selected municipalities, i.e. Częstochowa and Dąbrowa Górnicza. In addition, partial comparative analysis was made of both municipalities’ 1918 budgets and their structures and budgets for the year 2018. Research methods employed in the article are predominantly based on critical analysis of the budgets, relevant reports, partial records and other documents for 1918 and 2018. The analysis comprised materials in the National Archives in Częstochowa and Katowice, in libraries and in digital databases. Fragmentary legal regulations that were binding in the interwar period were analysed along with domestic literature devoted to public finance and budget accounting.
L’humour : de l’oubli de notre fragilité commune à l’éthique
Authors: Cotte Jérôme
Published: August 2018

L’humour peut avoir une multitude de fonctions et de définitions. Il provoque aussi des rires ou des sourires de toutes sortes. Dans cet article, l’auteur rend compte non pas de l’humour et du rire, mais plutôt de deux tendances précises qu’ils peuvent prendre. D’abord, le rire bête est celui qui favorise l’oubli de notre finitude, de notre fragilité, de la mort. En donnant l’impression frauduleuse de triompher sur la misère, il célèbre plutôt la vie mutilée et participe au renforcement de l’harmonie illusoire de la société. Pourtant, le rire peut aussi faire de la souffrance, de la mort et des situations pénibles une force émancipatrice. Cette deuxième approche est associée à ce que nous appelons « l’humour éthique ».
Discours de la présidente. Confronter notre passé colonial : une réévaluation des alliances politiques au Canada à travers le XXe siècle
Authors: Sangster Joan
Published: August 2018

Cet article examine des exemples d’alliances politiques initiées par les colons avec les Premières nations du Canada au cours du XXe siècle, en les replaçant dans leurs contextes sociaux et historiques, et en évaluant leurs conceptions ainsi que leurs limites idéologiques et matérielles. Je considère quatre exemples très différents, allant des protestations contre la mainmise sur les terres et des tentatives de préserver les cultures autochtones, jusqu’à l’Indian Eskimo Association de l’après-Seconde Guerre mondiale et les projets des Jeunes Autochtones associés à la Compagnie des jeunes Canadiens. Par le passé, les efforts des colons de nouer des alliances ou de parler au nom des Peuples autochtones recouvraient de multiples intentions et idées politiques, incluant autant des efforts de plaidoyer et de partenariat qu’une reproduction paternaliste de la pensée colonialiste. L’évaluation de ces histoires complexes représente une partie importante de nos tentatives de nous confronter de manière critique à l’histoire du colonialisme au Canada.
Weaving the Imperial Breadbasket: Nationalism, Empire and the Triumph of Canadian Wheat, 1890-1940
Authors: Tošaj Nicholas
Published: August 2018

Canadian wheat has occupied a prominent place in the global market since the late 19th century. Ideal for bread-baking, the high-protein wheat grown on the Canadian prairies was a highly valued export. The efforts undertaken to adapt wheat to Canadian agriculture, and the subsequent success of Canada’s wheat export market, contributed to building Canadian nationhood both at home and abroad. The prominence of Canadian wheat is a testament to the success of imperial agricultural developments and the connections woven by empires. Britain’s creation of an agricultural hinterland within Canada through the expansion of its empire’s food supply defined how a new nation emerged through an old-world dependency on wheat. The wheat produced by Canadian farmers flowed into both the British and French empires, filling crucial roles throughout each of these imperial structures. Divergent reactions to these imports speak to wheat’s importance both as a staple foodstuff and a bearer of cultural significance.
Teologia da kénosis e relações de gênero: uma perspectiva de leitura
Authors: Candiotto Jaci de Fátima Souza
Published: August 2018

Este estudo objetiva analisar, a partir de Gianni Vattimo e de outros pensadores, a passagem de uma imagem de “Deus-forte” e racional correspondente à era da metafísica para a percepção niilista e secularizada de um “Deus-fraco” na Modernidade, e como esta última pode ser pertinente para repensar o lugar do cristianismo no mundo atual; em seguida, e para além de Vattimo, se busca identificar não somente na kénosis da encarnação, mas também na da crucificação, uma percepção do divino que responda aos grandes desafios da contemporaneidade, especialmente o da violência como causadora do sofrimento humano; finalmente, se procura repensar o sofrimento das mulheres a partir da kénosis da crucificação e a possibilidade da teologia das relações de gênero de elaborar uma leitura singular da teologia kenótica.
Religião e ética no cristianismo não religioso: Uma abordagem a partir de Gianni Vattimo
Authors: Lopes Gonçalves Paulo Sérgio
Published: August 2018

Objetiva-se neste artigo apresentar analiticamente a relação entre religião e ética na proposta do cristianismo não religioso de Gianni Vattimo. Justifica-se este objetivo o fato de que o filósofo italiano desenvolve a sua proposta assumindo a perspectiva niilista da ontologia hermenêutica, unindo a sentença nietzscheniana da morte de Deus e o projeto heideggeriano da superação da metafísica, para afirmar que o cristianismo é uma religião da encarnação do verbo, centrada na caridade, e, ao inserir-se no mundo, possui a missão de praticar a caridade, na condição de sua própria verdade. Para atingir este objetivo, será apresentado o estado da questão deste tema, afirmando as linhas fundamentais do cristianismo não religioso e a ética dele subjacente que se denominará analogamente ética cristã não religiosa, cujo fundamento material está situado em algumas obras e fontes desse filósofo italiano e de alguns outros pensadores que propiciam a análise do tema.
Quantifying Forearm Soft Tissue Motion from Massless Skin Markers following Forward Fall Hand Impacts
Authors: L. Gyemi Danielle , Clarke Don , M. van Wyk Paula , J. Altenhof William , M. Andrews David
Published: August 2018

Background: Investigating soft tissue motion related to impact events is important for understanding how the body mitigates potentially injurious forces through shock attenuation. Objectives: The aims of this study were to: 1) quantify displacement and velocity of the forearm soft tissues following forward fall impacts; and 2) compare two massless skin marker designs (single layer, uniform (SLU) design; stacked, non-uniform (SNU) design) in terms of how well they could be tracked over varying skin pigmentations using automated motion capture software. Methods: Two participant groups (skin pigmentation: light – 9F, 8M; dark – 9F, 6M) underwent simulated forward fall hand impacts for each marker design using a torso-release apparatus. Marker positions associated with planar motion of forearm soft tissues during impact were automatically tracked (ProAnalyst®) in the proximal-distal and anterior-posterior axes from high speed recordings (5000 f/s). Mean peak displacements and velocities for eight forearm regions were then calculated (LabVIEW®). Results: Overall, soft tissue displacement and velocity increased from distal to proximal forearm regions. The greatest displacement (1.47 cm) and velocity (112.8 cm/s) occurred distally toward the wrist. Soft tissue impact responses between sexes did not differ, on average (p > 0.05). The SLU and SNU markers produced different kinematic values (p < 0.05); however, the magnitudes of, and consequently meaningfulness of these statistical differences for automatically tracking soft tissue motion, were negligible (displacement: ≤ 0.05 cm; velocity: ≤ 2.5 cm/s). Conclusions: Forearm soft tissue motion was successfully quantified for forward fall hand impacts; both marker designs were deemed functionally equivalent.
Voxel‐based meta‐analysis of gray and white matter volume abnormalities in spinocerebellar ataxia type 2
Authors: Han Qing , Yang Jing , Xiong Hai , Shang Huifang
Published: August 2018

Objective

To identify the consistent findings from the whole‐brain voxel‐based morphometry (VBM) studies on spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2).

Methods

The whole‐brain VBM studies comparing SCA2 patients and healthy controls (HCs) were systematically searched in PubMed, Embase databases from January 2000 to June 2017. The coordinates with significant differences in gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) between SCA2 patients and HCs were extracted separately from each cluster. A meta‐analysis was performed using anisotropic effect size‐based signed differential mapping (AES‐SDM) software.

Results

A total of five studies with 65 SCA2 patients and 124 HCs were included in the GM meta‐analysis. Four of the five studies with 50 SCA2 patients and 109 HCs were included in the WM meta‐analysis. Significant and consistent GM volume reductions were detected in bilateral cerebellar hemispheres, cerebellar vermis, the right fusiform gyrus, the right parahippocampal gyrus, and the right lingual gyrus. The WM volume reductions were observed in bilateral cerebellar hemispheres, cerebellar vermis, middle cerebellar peduncles, pons, and bilateral cortico‐spinal projections. The findings of the study remained largely unchanged in jackknife sensitivity analysis.

Conclusions

The consistent findings from our meta‐analysis showed that GM volume reductions in SCA2 patients were not limited in cerebellum while significant WM volume reductions widely existed in cerebellum and pyramidal system. The findings provide morphological basis for further studies on SCA2.
Distribution of Eg5 and TPX2 in mitosis: Insight from CRISPR tagged cells
Authors: Mann B. J. , Wadsworth P.
Published: August 2018

The mitotic spindle is a dynamic bipolar structure that mediates chromosome segregation in mitosis. In most organisms, spindle formation requires the action of kinesin‐5 motor proteins that generate outward force on antiparallel microtubules to establish spindle bipolarity. Previous work has shown that Eg5 and TPX2, a spindle microtubule‐associated protein that suppresses Eg5 motor activity, are enriched on parallel microtubules near spindle poles. This distribution is inconsistent with the requirement for Eg5‐dependent force production during mitosis. To investigate this, we used CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing to tag Eg5 and TPX2 with EGFP and quantify protein distribution throughout mitosis. The results show that at metaphase both Eg5–EGFP and TPX2–EGFP are enriched toward spindle poles, but only TPX2–EGFP is enriched relative to microtubules. Eg5–EGFP and TPX2–EGFP show distinct localization patterns in anaphase, with Eg5–EGFP relocalizing to the midzone earlier than TPX2–EGFP. Analysis of spindles oriented at 90° to the coverslip confirmed that Eg5–EGFP was present on bridge microtubules in metaphase and anaphase; in contrast, TPX2 was not enriched, or enriched at later times, on these microtubules. Overall, TPX2 was present at 3.6X the level of Eg5 on the spindle and Eg5 was locally enriched at the prophase centrosome (~7×) compared to the whole cell. Our results show that using cells with fluorescent tags at the endogenous locus can provide novel insight into protein distribution during mitosis.
Role of the consultant pharmacist in clinical practice
Authors: Lewis Rachel , Mortimore Gerri
Published: August 2018

It is now 15 years since the Department of Health first announced its plans for the establishment of consultant pharmacist posts in the NHS. This article examines how the role is developing and how it differs from that of an advanced clinical pharmacist practitioner.
Exceptional Catalytic Activities and Sensing Performance of Palladium Decorated Anisotropic Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Chawla Mohit , Kumari Anu , Siril Prem Felix
Published: August 2018

The present perspective explores the effect of composition and morphology on the catalytic and surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensing applications of anisotropic bimetallic gold‐palladium (Au−Pd) nanoparticles. The morphology of the nanoparticles was controlled by a ‘soft’ templating approach by using a hexagonal lyotropic liquid crystalline phase. The mesophases comprised of toluene‐swollen surfactant cylinders, doped with the gold (Au) and palladium (Pd) precursors, stabilized by a monolayer of surfactant and co‐surfactant molecules, arranged in a hexagonal lattice in water as continuous medium. Anisotropic nanostructures of Au having very small Pd nanoparticles deposited on their surface were produced when hexagonal mesophases containing Au and Pd precursors were subjected to gamma irradiation. The synthesized nanomaterials were thoroughly characterized using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X‐ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS). These nanomaterials showed exceptionally high catalytic activities for the reduction of 4‐nitrophenol with the normalized rate constant of the bimetallic Au−Pd catalyst being 1.5 times higher than the best catalyst that is reported in the literature. These bimetallic Au−Pd nanostructures also demonstrated very good enhancement for Raman signals of methylene blue by demonstrating an enhancement factor of the order of 106 and a detection limit as low as 0.1 nM.
Effect of Annealing Treatment on Electrocatalytic Properties of Copper Electrodes toward Enhanced CO2 Reduction
Authors: Lopes Osmando F. , Varela Hamilton
Published: August 2018

CO2 reduction (CO2RR) into added‐value chemicals is a key contribution to solve energetic and environmental issues. The performance of Cu‐based electrodes towards CO2RR is strongly affected by pretreatments and presence of impurities, such as copper oxides. We evaluated the effect of different treatments, electropolishing (Cu‐p), and annealing treatments under oxidizing (Cu‐Air) and reducing (Cu‐H2) conditions, on the performance of Cu electrodes designed for CO2RR. Characterizations revealed the presence of Cu2O and CuO layers on the surface of the Cu‐Air electrode. All electrodes formed only HCOO− ions as liquid‐phase products, with yield of 480 mg L−1 of HCOO− and Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 30% for the Cu‐Air electrode and 25 mg L−1 with FE of 16%, and 26 mg L−1 with FE of 10% for the Cu‐p and Cu‐H2 electrodes, respectively. Overall, the HCOO− concentration increased with an increasing KHCO3 concentration, while the FE increased up to 46%, due to insertion of CO2 into the electrical double layer, generating an intermediate specie prior to the electrochemical CO2RR. CO2RR tests performed on the Cu‐Air and Cu‐p electrodes under galvanostatic conditions showed HCOO− FE of 32% and 16%, respectively. Therefore, the increasing local pH mechanism does not play a key role in the liquid‐phase products of CO2RR. The activity of the Cu‐Air electrode for CO2RR remained stable over 64 hours. It was proposed that Cu1+ was the active site responsible for CO2RR. CO, C2H4, C2H6 and H2 were formed by gas‐phase electrochemical CO2RR using the Cu‐Air electrode, with total FE higher than 65%. We have uncovered the role played by the type of pre‐treatment in the performance of Cu‐based electrodes on CO2RR and the reason for the increased electrocatalytic activity of oxidized Cu electrodes.
Quantum fluctuation and dissipation in holographic theories: A unifying study scheme
Authors: Giataganas Dimitrios , Lee Da-Shin , Yeh Chen-Pin
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Motivated by the wide range of applicability of the fluctuation and dissipation phenomena in non-equilibrium systems, we provide a universal study scheme for the dissipation of the energy and the corresponding Brownian motion analysis of massive particles due to quantum and thermal fluctuations in a wide class of strongly coupled quantum field theories. The underlying reason for the existence of such unified study scheme, is that our analytic methods turn out to heavily depend on the order of the Bessel functions ν, describing the string fluctuations attached to the particle. Different values of the order are associated to different theories.

The two-point function of the fluctuations exhibits two different late time behaviors, depending purely on the value of the order of Bessel functions. We then find that the coefficients and observables associated with the stochastic motion at zero and finite temperature, depend on the scales of the theory through powers of the order ν. Moreover, the fluctuation-dissipation theorem is verified from the bulk perspective to be universally satisfied for the whole class of theories. Finally, we show that the analysis of certain types of Dp-brane fluctuations can be mapped one-to-one to the string fluctuations and therefore the stochastic brane observables can be read from the string ones. In the closing remarks we demonstrate how our analysis accommodates known results as special cases and provide more applications.