bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The influence of Attitude and Perceived Behavior Control on purchase intention at Sambal Bakar (restaurant)
Authors: Muhammad Faiz Zidan  , Ahmad Nuh  , Huslan Husada
Published: February 2025

This study aims to examine the influence of attitude, trust, subjective norms, personal innovativeness, and perceived behavior control on purchase intention at Sambal Bakar, a restaurant. The study will employ the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to understand the relationships between these variables and their impact on customers' intentions to purchase food from the restaurant. The research will be conducted on a sample of customers who have previously visited Sambal Bakar, and data will be collected using a self-administered questionnaire. The findings of this study will provide valuable insights into the factors that influence purchase intention at Sambal Bakar and help restaurant managers develop strategies to improve customer satisfaction and loyalty.
Prospects of the Role of Parents in Islamic Religious Education in the Contemporary Era
Authors: Anati Rahila
Published: February 2025

Education is one form of investment for society in realizing intelligent and advanced successors to the nation. Islamic education itself can be interpreted as an effort to educate individuals through teaching based on Islamic values. Today there are several contemporary issue phenomena that are quite disturbing. Some of these phenomena are related to the problem of moral degradation. Several previous studies argue that religious education should be emphasized and considered as one of the educations that can erode this phenomenon. Based on this statement, of course, internalization of the values ​​of Islamic religious education in everyday life is needed. Islamic religious education can provide encouragement for someone to be able to carry out positive practices in everyday life. Such as being honest and fair, polite, devoted, and not violating the rights of others. Islamic education can run optimally if parents as one of the facilitators of education also play a role in it. Parents are the main educators for children. Parents play an important role in providing teachings to their descendants. Based on the discussion that has been presented by the author, it can be concluded that parents have an important role in Islamic Religious Education in the Contemporary Era. The statement can be seen from the role of parents in educating, protecting, guiding and teaching their children. Parents play an important role in providing religious education since early childhood. Parents have the responsibility to guide their offspring to become perfect and upright human beings according to religious ethics. Therefore, the results of this study are that parents have prospects in Islamic religious education in the contemporary era as facilitators in education.
Impact of Bhakti and Sufi Mysticism on Social Harmony: Understanding Mystical Experiences and Practices
Authors: Salman Faris TC
Published: February 2025

This research article offers a comparative analysis of the Bhakti Movement in Hinduism and Sufi Mysticism in Islam, two profound spiritual movements that emerged in India and the Islamic world, respectively. Through an exploration of their historical backgrounds, philosophical foundations, practices, and impacts on society, this study aims to shed light on the similarities and differences between these influential religious movements. The research delves into the ways in which both the Bhakti Movement and Sufi Mysticism have fostered devotion, inclusivity, and a profound connection to the divine, while also recognizing their unique cultural contexts and expressions. The analysis seeks to provide a deeper understanding of the transformative power of religious devotion in diverse cultural and religious landscapes. The article also discusses the potential interconnections between Bhakti and Sufi thought, unveiling the possibility of cross-cultural influences that may have shaped the spiritual fabric of both traditions. The investigation will delve into the historical contexts that gave rise to the Bhakti Movement and Sufi Mysticism, their roles in promoting religious pluralism and interfaith dialogue, and the ways in which they have influenced the spiritual lives of their adherents.
Step-by-Step Retrosynthetic Analysis of Norcyclocitrinoic acid A
Authors: Jie Weitao , Jiang Hangfeng
Published: February 2025

Norcyclocitrinoic acid A is a tetracyclic steroid with a bicyclic system, known for its potential as an anti-osteoporosis agent. This research focuses on the theoretical analysis of its retrosynthetic pathway, aiming to simplify the complex structure into manageable intermediates. By applying established organic chemistry principles, such as hydration reactions, Michael addition, and functional group interconversion, key disconnection points were strategically identified to break down the molecule step by step. The retrosynthetic approach was grounded in theoretical frameworks to ensure the proposed pathway’s feasibility for practical synthesis. Through this process, a complete and theoretically sound retrosynthetic pathway was developed, providing a potential blueprint for future experimental synthesis. This research not only suggests a viable synthetic route for Norcyclocitrinoic acid A but also offers valuable insights into the retrosynthesis of other complex polycyclic molecules, demonstrating the utility of retrosynthetic analysis in addressing the challenges posed by structurally intricate compounds in synthetic organic chemistry.
Explore the reason why people deeply believe in occultism practice
Authors: Wang Lichang
Published: February 2025

This paper analyzes why people are willing to believe occultism practice such as tarot from a psychological perspective. From four different angles, this work not only analyzes the principle behind the possible operation of tarot cards, but also explores human psychology of tarot cards. The final conclusions can be divided into different schools. According to Jung’s collective unconscious theory, tarot cards are a tool for projecting people’s subconscious minds, so they can be accurate. From a more scientifically dialectic point of view, people would believe that tarot is due to the Barnum effect, which achieves the illusion of accuracy by substituting their own real experiences with vague descriptions. At the same time, social influences and people’s own personalities also affect the degree to which different people believe in tarot.
The Contradictory Orientation of “New” and “Old” from the Perspective of Countryside: A Comparative Analysis of Shen Congwen’s Border Town and Zhao Shuli’s Sanli Bay
Authors: Wang Yueran
Published: February 2025

Shen Congwen and Zhao Shuli are important writers in the field of modern and contemporary rural literature. There are contradictions between “new” and “old” in their works Border Town and Sanli Bay. The author analyzes this phenomenon by combining the writer’s experience, social background and historical motivation, and finds that the main factors of the contradiction between “new” and “old” are the national cultural relations and the influence of social background. These factors are embodied in the impact of nationality, modernity and cooperative period background on rural traditional family structure. They reflect the characteristics of literary works responding to The Times and examining modern traditions in the social context of the time. Through the study of the contradiction orientation of “new” and “old”, the author perceives the development direction of modern and contemporary literature and history: modern and contemporary literature develops in the process of adapting to the changes of The Times.
Exploring the Relationship Between Misogyny and Anger among Chinese Men: An Evolutionary Psychology Perspective
Authors: Jiang Yingshu , Wu Yifei
Published: February 2025

Misogyny refers to the hatred or dislike of women, encompassing prejudice or discrimination against women. Misogyny is a kind of social phenomenon and social problem. Misogyny in China has a considerable scale, but the research on misogyny is still in an immature stage, and the causes and mechanisms behind this are still unclear. It is needed to study the mechanism behind misogyny. This study aims to explore the relationship between misogyny and anger from an evolutionary psychological perspective. If men receive signals from women that they are insulted, hurt, ignored, etc., which will increase their anger degree, they are more likely to express hatred and discrimination against women, and even express violent and harmful behaviors against women (Rottweiler & Gill, 2021). However, men with high levels of anger are not necessarily misogynistic. Therefore, this study amins to prove that there is a correlation between misogyny and anger, and that the correlation is non-linear growth. The study mainly adopt questionnaires to survey 500 Chinese adult men. The questionnaire is mainly divided into two parts. The first part measures the misogyny degree and anger degree of the participants to study whether there is a relationship between misogyny and anger. The second part is based on the Recalibration Theory of Anger to design three scenarios with different levels of anger for participants through text in the questionnaire, and the three scenarios is low anger, high anger and no anger, so as to explore whether the relationship between anger and misogyny is non-linear growth. This study provides a new research perspective for the future control of extreme violence, prejudice and discrimination caused by misogyny.
Soviet Economic Growth, Military Buildup, and Diplomatic Relations: A Historical Analysis
Authors: Shen Yaoyu , Zhang Chenyuan , Fan Meiqi
Published: February 2025

This article explores the economic development, arms race, and diplomatic relations of the Soviet Union in the 1920s and 1930s. At the beginning of the 20th century, the Soviet Union experienced revolution and civil war, and its economy almost collapsed, but it later achieved recovery through the New Economic Policy (NEP). In the mid-1920s, after Stalin came to power, the Soviet Union began implementing a five-year plan with the goal of rapid industrialization and agricultural collectivization. During this period, the Soviet economy underwent fundamental changes. In terms of military affairs, the Soviet Union accelerated its military construction to respond to domestic and international security threats, and began to participate in the international arms race. In diplomacy, the Soviet Union attempted to expand its influence and export revolution. The international hostile situation has intensified its confrontation with the West.
Dynamic Adjustment of the TLS Protocol Based on Naive Bayes
Authors: Li Kaikun
Published: February 2025

The adaptive adjustment of the TLS (Transport Layer Security) protocol aims to address various security threats and performance requirements in the current network environment. It is crucial for the reliability of online transactions and data transmissions. This research will adopt a comprehensive research approach, integrating network traffic analysis, naïve bayes machine learning algorithms and simulation experiments. It is expected to develop a mechanism that can dynamically adjust the cipher suite parameters of the TLS protocol according to the real-time network situation, so as to strengthen the security of data transmission and improve the efficiency of network communications.
The Impact of Musical Stimuli on the Interpretation of Facial Expressions: An Eye-Tracking Study
Authors: Luo Minghui
Published: February 2025

Facial recognition are a cornerstone of human social interaction and emotional bonding. People rely on facial recognition to analyze others’ emotions, intentions, and social cues. Facial emotions are particularly effective in conveying information in social contexts. It has the benefits of speed, directness, and universality across cultures. Music, as an emerging area of emotional study, has the power to evoke and alter individual emotions which has the potential to affect emotion recognition. This study examines the impact of different types of music on the judgement of facial emotions. The present research adopts a mixed design, with two types of music as the between-subject variable and three types of facial emotions as the within-subject variable. Participants were asked to evaluate facial expressions while listening to different musical pieces, and an eye-tracker recorded their viewing behaviors. The eye-tracking data, serving as the dependent variable, offers quantifiable details of the observation process. Analysis indicates that under sad music, participants are more likely to rate neutral faces positively. While under happy music, they tend to rate neutral faces more negatively. Eye-tracking results reveal a tendency for participants to focus more on the eye region when viewing faces based on increased total fixation duration, fixation counts, and quicker time to first fixation. Sad music prompts faster gaze towards the eyes, with a shorter time to first fixation compared to happy music. Moreover, when viewing negative emotional faces, participants’ gaze towards the nose is quicker than when viewing positive faces, regardless of the music types. This study contributes a novel perspective to cross-modal emotion recognition research which highlights the interaction between music and facial expression interpretation process. The results suggest new insights for emotion recognition training in music therapy, clinical psychology, and education.
Literature in the Context of History
Authors: Zhu Zimeng
Published: February 2025

My research aims to discuss whether the context of The Times corresponds to the purpose and content that influence literary works. Humanists and historians focus on literature at a particular time, even when it seems to have little to do with historical context or human society. Therefore, the correlation and logic between literature and history or humanity seem to become more important. It is precisely because of the long history of literary works that the witness to history is more special. Therefore, I want to explore whether the economic, political, religious and cultural studies in the context of The Times can be reflected in literary works. It will provide insights into the social value of literary works and their literary value, as well as perspectives for advancing literature analysis.
Can Signing Help You Speak? Assessing the Effectiveness of Sign Language as An Augmentative and Alternative Means of Communication for Autistic Children
Authors: Liu Qianshuo
Published: February 2025

This paper explores the effectiveness of sign language as a method of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) for children with autism, focusing on the potential of sign language to aid language acquisition and improve social interaction. The modality of sign language, as well as its linguistic value, allows it to be used in AAC. presenting both signed and spoken language (simultaneous communication) further enhances the assistance of autonomous articulation for autistic children. However, the evidence mostly comes from case studies and the results are not uniform. The effectiveness of sign language compared to other AAC is controversial. Combining sign language with other AAC to further enhance vocalisations in autistic children may be a promising field.
Research on Lu Xun’s Publications from the Perspective of Communication Studies
Authors: Zhang Mingwei
Published: February 2025

The research topic of this article is Lu Xun’s publications from the perspective of communication studies. Firstly, this article summarizes and roughly introduces the publications run by Lu Xun. Secondly, it analyzes the characteristics of publications as a medium of communication. Then, it analyzes the dissemination subjects, content, objects, and effects of Lu Xun’s publications. Finally, it reflects on and analyzes Lu Xun’s literary and artistic communication ideas and the purpose of the publication. This article provides an overview of the publications edited by Lu Xun throughout his life, introducing their founding time and the main content. The conclusion drawn from the analysis is that Lu Xun believed that journals had excellent effectiveness in disseminating spiritual values, cultivating youth values, and guiding readers. Therefore, Lu Xun regarded publishing as the first main force in promoting the development of Chinese literature and art, which was the purpose of Lu Xun’s publishing.
A Comparative Study of Chinese and Western Vocal Music
Authors: Dong Haihong
Published: February 2025

The goal of this study is to explore in depth the artistic characteristics, teaching methods, and performance styles of Chinese and Western vocal music, and to reveal the similarities and differences between the two traditions in terms of vocal performance, technique training, and musical expression through comparative analysis. The study will provide a comprehensive framework of understanding and a cross-cultural perspective for vocal music scholars and practitioners by analyzing the historical background, cultural differences, and technical details. The paper is divided into four main sections: historical background and cultural factors, vocal techniques and training methods, performance styles and musical expressions, and case comparisons. Finally, the paper will summarize the main similarities and differences between Chinese and Western vocal music, and based on this, propose future research directions and practices. These proposals, aim to promote international cooperation and cultural exchange within the field of vocal music, as well as to promote the innovative development of vocal music teaching and performance.
Can the short selling mechanism curb corporate financial fraud——Taking Muddy Waters Short Selling Huishan Dairy as an Example
Authors: Shi Xinrui
Published: February 2025

Integrity stands as the most valuable cornerstone of the market. Promoting the culture of integrity, establishing a long-term mechanism for integrity construction, and practicing honest management are fundamental prerequisites for the sustainable operation of enterprises. Financial fraud disrupts the entire market rules and integrity system, severely damaging the legitimate rights and interests of the public. This article analyzes the motives behind financial fraud in listed companies and highlights that the essence of such fraud reflects the will of the actual controllers of these companies. The motives behind financial fraud in listed companies need to be explored from both external and internal perspectives. The short selling mechanism can effectively curb financial fraud. Taking Muddy Waters’ short selling of Huishan Dairy as an example, this article introduces the process of Muddy Waters’ research and evidence collection regarding financial fraud at Huishan Dairy. As a result of short selling, Huishan Dairy paid a heavy price: the listed company was forced to delist, with a market value of 30 billion yuan vanishing. It was eventually reorganized, facing uncertain prospects. The findings of this case indicate that the short selling mechanism can effectively suppress corporate financial fraud, serving as a beneficial supplement to regulatory systems and a purifier that accelerates the exit of low-quality companies while protecting the legitimate rights and interests of investors.
Shackles for Females by Age: Experienced the Ups and Downs of the Women in Old Shanghai through the Book Named Song of Everlasting Regret
Authors: Fu Yike
Published: February 2025

Prosperous yet downcast times had a significant impact on the females in old Shanghai, especially the females in the 1930s to 1940s. The research aims to discuss how females in old Shanghai seek self-struggle and redemption with the representative of a character called Wang Qiyang during the background of varieties shackles of the age, in the book Song of Everlasting Regret written by Wang Anyi. The whole research has three parts: The bondage of the time for women, which shows the tragedy women experienced in the press of feudal culture; The awareness of self-growing for the female in old Shanghai in the daily living environment, which expresses the process of females who work harder to make a self-redemption, and the disenchantment of the women under the secularization prejudice and constraints in the old Shanghai time, which demonstrate patterns of the aging shackle and the rebellion from women. The study reveals the different kinds of shackles that females face like the restriction of freedom, deprivation of power, oppression of patriarchy and the discrimination of gender. It also further discusses the self-struggle and redemption of women while reproducing the ups and downs epic of females in old Shanghai.
Looking Beyond the Veil: Single Image Dehazing using Untrained Neural Network (SID-UNN)
Authors: Zhou Ziao
Published: February 2025

Haze and fog refer to the suspension of atmospheric particles that significantly diminish visibility, which has always been a concerning issue in our daily lives. Performances of critical computer vision systems are often limited by the hazy weather, posing threats to security and road safety. However, many current dehazing methods rely on complex network or data prior from massive paired datasets which are difficult and costly to obtain, or suffer from artifacts and color distortions. In this paper, I propose a novel dehazing model, SID-UNN, which uses an unsupervised network that requires neither pretraining nor data prior. The model incorporates physical priors in estimating airtight and initializing transmission maps where the parameters are further optimized together with hyperparameters from the network, treating single image dehazing as a nonlinear optimization problem. This unique structure ensures that the estimation does not rely on handcrafted parameters, thus allowing better generalization ability and robustness in the model. Weighted Least Square filtering and smoothing constraints are innovatively applied so that artifacts like halo and noise can be mitigated. Moreover, a benchmarking dataset that includes hazy images in multiple conditions is created. Experiment results on the self-created and synthetic datasets show that SID-UNN has outstanding dehazing ability regarding image details and artefacts that transcend other qualitative and quantitative methods.
Different Performance of Transformer and Logistic Regression Models in Credit Risk Prediction
Authors: Lu Yanran , Lyu Jingxuan , Ma Minghong , Yi Shenxin
Published: February 2025

Nowadays, people’s use of credit cards is increasing significantly, and the importance of predicting credit default for banks has become higher. This paper aims to compare the different performances of two binary classification methods--logistic regression and transformer--in credit risk performance to determine which one bank should use wider when making loans. In the experiment, we selected 600,000 pieces of data randomly and then applied them in both logistic regression and transformer models. As a result, we evaluated the performance of each model in various aspects, and we eventually found that logistic regression is more accurate than transformer. So we can conclude that although there are diverse novel credit scoring models appearing in the world, logistic regression is still one of the most practical, useful and precise ones, which not only saves time but also performs well. However, in the future, if the data features get more complicated, people might discover more uses of transformers in the economic field, especially in credit risk prediction.
The prospect forecast of the development status of green economy
Authors: Tan Wenkun
Published: February 2025

This paper mainly discusses the development status, prospect forecast and data analysis of green economy. Firstly, the concept and background of green economy are introduced, including the domestic and foreign green economy policy and implementation, green economy and sustainable development theory, etc. Then, the evaluation index system of green economy and the global development trend are elaborated in detail. Then the in-depth analysis of economic model, involving the changes of global economic situation, the comparison of traditional economy and green economy, and the cases of green economy in developed countries. In addition, the outlook of the green economy is predicted, the development opportunities, future markets and the impact on the overall global economy are discussed. Finally, through the establishment and analysis of the data model, we made the process of comment and reflection on the whole research project.
Attitude Stability of tilt-rotor UAV during Obstacle Avoidance and Transition mode
Authors: Ren Mingyu , Tian Jiacheng , Li Yuxuan
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a comprehensive study focused on the optimization and enhancement of the control system for tilt-rotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) during the critical transition phase. We have developed a two-dimensional system dynamics model of the tilt-rotor UAV and utilized Simulink simulations to analyze and refine the control strategies. Specifically, we have implemented Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controllers to stabilize the UAV, while employing Genetic Algorithm (GA) techniques to optimize the trajectory of the UAV.
Exploring How English Teachers Can Integrate Generative AI into English Language Teaching
Authors: Lin Xinyi
Published: February 2025

Because of the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence (AI), the possibility of introducing GAI into educational settings is gaining more and more attention. This is especially true with the release of ChatGPT in 2023. This study focusses on the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in English language instruction from four different points of view: the creation of materials, the preparation of lessons, the checking of grammar, and the role of a learning partner. In this section, we will expand upon the instructors’ perspectives on the uses and effectiveness of employing GAI in education, as derived from current research that are linked to this topic. The paper will also emphasize the value of AI literacy training for teachers and the necessity of a balanced approach between human teaching and the use of GAI. This is done with the intention of assisting English teachers in the process of changing traditional education for the development of GAI.
Pengaderan Pemimpin GKII Daerah Melawi Hilir Wilayah Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Beriang Senan
Published: February 2025

The objectives of writing this research are: First, so that the leaders, in this case the Regional Chairperson and the Related Commissions, can work together with the workers and all local congregations of the GKII Melawi Hilir Region of West Kalimantan to realize the importance of the leader formation program. Second, by implementing a serious cadre program, it is hoped that the Melawi Hilir Regional GKII will have professional leaders, managers and administrators in the future, who have solid character, knowledge and skills, and are ready to face various challenges and the rapid globalization of the world. The scope of the GKII Melawi Hilir Regional leader training, contains leader training, manager training, administrator training, and a summary. The leader development strategy of the GKII Melawi Hilir Region contains: Planning of leader training, implementation of leader training, evaluation for improving leader performance, leader placement, and summary.
As repercussões da endometriose na qualidade de vida das mulheres brasileiras
Authors: Sobral Laryssa , Vaques dos Santos Gabriela , Alves Marques Mendes Giovanna , Rodrigues Afiune Maria Clara , Fleury Nunes Michelle , Da Silva Brito Vêika , Spina Canela Heliara Maria
Published: February 2025

A endometriose é uma doença caracterizada pela presença de tecido endometrial funcional fora da cavidade uterina e do miométrio (FEBRASGO, 2021), associada a sintomas como dismenorreia, dispareunia e infertilidade. Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa na base de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e, contando com auxilio das estratégias PICOT (LIRA; ROCHA; PICOT, 2019) e PRISMA 2020 (PAGE et al, 2022), foram selecionados 13 artigos. Evidenciou-se, portanto, que, por possuir etiologia desconhecida e se tratar de uma condição subdiagnosticada, a endometriose pode afetar não somente a saúde física, como também a mental, a financeira e a social das mulheres acometidas. Conclui-se que a endometriose possui repercussões multidimensionais na vida das mulheres brasileiras e o diagnóstico precoce aliado ao tratamento adequado são essenciais para a melhora na qualidade de vida das pacientes.
Aluminum, nickel, and manganese supported on bentonite for conversion of ethanol to gasoline
Authors: Rahmanda Deri , Wardhani Sri , Andayani Ulfa , Widjaya Robert R. , Dwiatmoko Adid A. , Rinaldi Nino , Prasetyo Joni , Kurniawan Kezia F.
Published: February 2025

The potential of bentonite as a catalyst is rapidly growing, isomorphic substitution in its interlayer allows for cation exchange and facilitates modification to enhance its catalytic properties. The catalytic performance of bentonite can be improved through the insertion of pillared clays (PILC) into its interlayer structure using Al2O3, NiO, and MnO metal oxide alloys. This research aims to develop and study a modified bentonite catalyst, focusing on its physicochemical changes,as well as its activity and selectivity in the conversion of ethanol to biogasoline. The synthesis of oxide pillars on bentonite was carried out at a consistent metal/bentonite mole ratio of 10 mmol/g, with a mixed metal composition of 1:1. The results showed anexpansion of interlayer distance, as measured by X-ray diffraction (XRD), which increased in all catalysts compared to natural bentonite6,350 (13.94 Å). Surface Area Analyzer (SAA) analysis, revealed that Al/Bentonite exhibited the highest surface area at187.84 m2/g. Total acidity  analyzed, using Temperature Programmed Desorption-Ammonia (TPD-NH3), was found to be 2.33 mmol/g, with Al-Ni/Bentonite showing the highest acidity. Thermal stability, tested throughThermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), indicated that catalysts containing Al and Ni demonstrated the highest stability. The catalytic activity test showed that the Al/bentonite catalyst achieved the highest ethanol conversion rate of68.64% and a catalyst selectivity of 51.70%, as determined byGas Chromatography-Flame Ionized Detector (GC-FID) analysis. These results indicate that the pillarization of bentonite with Al2O3, NiO, and MnO oxides significantly improved its physicochemical properties, activity, and selectivity in the catalytic conversion of ethanol to biogasoline compared to natural bentonite.
Evaluasi dan Kritik terhadap Pelaksanaan Kurikulum Merdeka: Perspektif Guru, Siswa, dan Pengelola Pendidikan
Authors: Adib M. Afiqul
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini mengevaluasi dan mengkritisi pelaksanaan Kurikulum Merdeka dari perspektif guru, siswa, dan pengelola pendidikan. Meskipun Kurikulum Merdeka diharapkan dapat memberikan kebebasan dalam pembelajaran, implementasinya yang terlalu mendadak menyebabkan berbagai kendala. Guru-guru tidak siap, pelaksanaan Projek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila (P5) tidak maksimal, dan pembimbing P5 seringkali tidak memahami tugasnya, sehingga efektivitas pelaksanaannya masih rendah. Selain itu, kesalahpahaman terhadap konsep P5 telah menyebabkan beban ekonomi tambahan bagi siswa, yang bertentangan dengan tujuan inklusivitas kurikulum. Di sisi lain, beban administrasi yang berat juga menjadi tantangan bagi guru penggerak, menghambat untuk fokus pada pengembangan pembelajaran. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan evaluasi yang mendalam dan perbaikan dalam implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka agar tujuan pendidikan yang lebih baik dapat tercapai.
Comparison of Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate Blood Glucose Level and Blood Pressure in Different Menstrual Phases
Authors: Warsi Jamshed
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Objective: The current study aimed to determine the relationship between the various menstrual
cycle phases and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) blood pressure, and blood glucose level.
Methodology: An experimental study was carried out with (n) a sample of 119 healthy females aged
between 19and 25, having different phases of the menstrual cycle. Blood pressure, blood glucose
level, and ESRwere measured and analyzed.
Results: Blood glucose level was found significantly (P< 0.05) different in follicular 96.72±15.97 as
compared to luteal phase 104.90±14.47. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate in the luteal phase 31.09
mm in the first hour±16.47 was higher as compared to the follicular phase 25.08mm in the first hour
±14.05. Conclusively random blood glucose levels and ESR were found higher in the luteal phase of
the menstruating cycle.
Conclusion: Conclusively random blood glucose level and ESR was found higher in the luteal phase
of the menstruating cycle
Key Words: Menstrual cycle, Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), Blood pressure, Blood glucose
level.
Pengaruh Working Capital Turnover, Perubahan Laba, dan Sales Growth Terhadap Financial Distress (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Consumer Non-Cyclicals yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2019-2023)
Authors: Mafiroh Siti , Mu'arif Syamsul
Published: February 2025

As an investor, before investing in a company, you need complete and accurate company information regarding the company's financial condition. This aims to enable investors to obtain dividends on the funds they invest in the company. This research will discuss financial distress. Financial distress is a condition of economic difficulty or financial crisis experienced by a company before bankruptcy occurs. This research aims to determine the influence of Working Capital Turnover, Profit Changes, and Sales Growth on Financial Distress. Empirical Study of Non-Cyclical Consumer Companies Listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (BEI) in 2019-2023. The type of research used is quantitative research using secondary data in the form of financial reports of Consumer Non-Cyclicals companies obtained from the official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) and the official websites of each company. The selected samples were 24 companies with observations for 5 years in the 2019-2023 period or 120 samples based on the pursive sampling method. The analysis technique used in this research uses panel data regression analysis with the help of Eviews 12 data processing software. The research results show that Working Capital Turnover, Profit Changes and Sales Growth simultaneously influence Financial Distress. Working Capital Turnover partially has a negative effect on Financial Distress, Profit Changes have no effect on Financial Distress, and Sales Growth partially has no effect on Financial Distress.
Rehydration Kinetics of Green Pea Grains Dried at Different Microwave Powers
Authors:   Tekirdag Namik Kemal University, Technical Vocational School, Department of Food Science, Tekirdag/ Turkiye, Kayisoglu Serap
Published: February 2025

In this study, both untreated and pre-treated green pea grain samples dried at different microwave output powers (90, 180, and 360 W) were rehydrated at three different temperatures (30ºC, 50ºC, and 70ºC). The rehydration kinetics of dried peas were analyzed using both the Peleg and the first-order kinetic models. Observations revealed that the Peleg model exhibited better agreement with the experimental data. As both microwave power and rehydration temperature increased, the rehydration capacity also increased in both pre-treated and untreated peas. The highest moisture content was observed after rehydration in pre-treated peas dried at 360 W microwave power (2.80 g water/g dry matter and 213.40% mass gain), while the lowest moisture content was recorded in pre-treated samples dried at 90 W microwave power (1.66 g water/g dry matter and 119.30% mass gain). However, the samples were unable to reach the moisture level (3.10 g water/g dry matter) before drying at all rehydration temperatures. The activation energy of rehydration varied between 10.75 and 37.39 kJ/mol. The color properties of rehydrated green pea grains were significantly influenced by both microwave power and rehydration temperature. As these two parameters increased, the color differences of rehydrated peas compared to fresh peas also increased. The maximum total color difference (E = 17.66) in rehydrated peas compared to fresh peas was observed at 360 W microwave power and 70ºC rehydration temperature with untreated green peas, while the least total color difference (E = 8.69) occurred at 90 W microwave power and 30ºC rehydration temperature with pre-treated green peas.
Morphological and Physiological Changes of Katuray (Sesbania grandiflora) during Seed Maturation [RESEARCH NOTE}
Authors:   DOST - Philippine Science High School Main Campus, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines, San Pascual Alangelico , de Guzman Lucille Elna ,   Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines, Gravidez Maurice ,   Science Unit, De La Salle Araneta University- Integrated School, Malabon City, Philippines, Estante Elijah ,   DOST - Philippine Science High School Main Campus, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
Published: February 2025

Katuray (Sesbania grandiflora), whose flowers are consumed as steamed vegetables, is an important green manure crop in the Philippines. Understanding different processes leading to seed maturity can aid in determining S. grandiflora’s seed quality, preventing premature harvesting for seed increase, ensuring efficient propagation and production of seedlings, and breeding new varieties of this crop. Multiple flowers were tagged, and three to five pods were collected five days after anthesis (DAA) and at a five-day interval thereafter until 100% germination was achieved. Seed size, moisture content (MC), dry weight, germination percentage, and embryo development were observed and recorded. Seed length was highest at 55 DAA and decreased thereafter. Moisture content had an increasing trend from 15 to 50 DAA then decreased afterwards. The increase in seed size can be attributed to the increase in accumulated dry matter while the decrease in MC can be attributed to the weakening ability of the seed as a sink and its acquisition of desiccation tolerance. Germination started at 45 DAA and reached 100% at 60 DAA. For embryo development, walking stick stage was observed at 55 DAA and full seed maturity was attained at 75 DAA. Seed physiological maturity was observed at 60 DAA, where highest seed dry weight was measured. Correlational analysis of different seed parameters showed a positive correlation of seed size, dry weight, and germination rate while a negative correlation was observed in germination rate and moisture content. Documentation of the morphological changes during seed maturity and the relationship of these changes have biological, breeding, and production implications in seed systems for this underutilized crop species.
Field Assessment of Fertilization, Nursery, and Crop Management Practices among Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in the Ilocos Provinces, Philippines
Authors:   Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Food Science University of the Philippines Los Banos, College, Laguna 4031, Philippines, Aquino Annalissa , Bon Sancho ,   Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Food Science University of the Philippines Los Banos, College, Laguna 4031, Philippines, Guanlao Angelica ,   Faculty of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Forestry Bataan Peninsula State University-Abucay Campus, Abucay Bataan, Philippines, Magnaye Ann Mylalulex ,   Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Food Science University of the Philippines Los Banos, College, Laguna 4031, Philippines, Sta Cruz Filomena ,   Institute of Weed Science, Entomology and Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Banos, College, Laguna 4031, Philippines, Sta. Cruz Pompe ,   Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Food Science University of the Philippines Los Banos, College, Laguna 4031, Philippines
Published: February 2025

Growth and yield of many economically important vegetables like tomatoes are heavily influenced by crop management practices, particularly fertilizer application, irrigation scheme, and pest management. To attain maximum tomato yields and increase farmers’ profits, these crop production components must be optimized in local farm levels. Before optimization measures can be conducted, baseline information on prevailing practices needs to be evaluated. To assess the nutrient management and other crop production practices of tomato farmers in the Ilocos provinces, Philippines, on-farm surveys were conducted in 16 and 18 barangays planting fresh-type and processing-type tomatoes, respectively. The study involved a total of 88 tomato farmers who underwent key informant interviews regarding their seed and crop establishment practices, nutrient management, pest occurrence, and their perceived yield losses due to pests. Nitrogen and phosphorus application rates by farmers in Ilocos Sur are generally higher by 19% while potassium application rate is higher by 33% compared to those in Ilocos Norte. Farmers of both fresh-type and processing-type tomatoes apply mostly nitrogen and potassium fertilizers and limiting phosphate-containing fertilizers. Ammonium sulfate, muriate of potash, and foliar fertilizer are among the common fertilizer choices for farmers in both provinces and tomato types. Ilocos Sur farmers practice higher seeding rates (400–600 g ha-1) while Ilocos Norte farmers mostly use 250 g ha-1 seeds. Farmers also consider diseases to be the most yield-reducing biotic stress, while weeds are perceived to cause only minimal yield losses.
Biomechanical characteristics and training interventions of inverted running movements in teenage soccer players
Authors: Ding Jiahao , Li Yang
Published: February 2025

Inverted running, which has a backward and lateral component has recently been especially used for improving agility, proprioception, and injury prevention in young soccer players. This paper investigates the biomechanical and energetic profile of inverted running and assesses the impact of a 6-week intervention program using 62 participants of aged 10–13 months. Anthropometric data improvements include a 27% decrease in the ground reaction forces (GRFs) during the landing, 18% improvement in the agility score and 32% improvement in balance metrics. Increased muscle stimulation was measured in the muscles of the hamstrings and glutes and a 25% and 22% levels respectively proving that the muscle groups reduced their susceptibility to the anterior knee injuries. The intervention program included exercises of increasing complexity such as backward bounding, lateral hops, and soccer specific drills and participants were able to perform 70% an average of implemented training sessions. Post-intervention testing revealed significant improvements in proprioception and dynamic stability compared to the control group (p < 0.05). These findings underscore the value of incorporating atypical movement patterns, such as inverted running, into soccer training regimens to promote comprehensive physical development and reduce injury risk in young athletes.
Biomechanical analysis of forehand and backhand strokes in elite table tennis players: Implications for training and injury prevention
Authors: Zhang Yu
Published: February 2025

This study aims to provide insights into improving training methods and preventing injuries by analyzing the biomechanics of forehand and backhand strokes in elite table tennis players. A literature review shows that biomechanical research in table tennis is crucial for enhancing performance and reducing injuries. Elite table tennis players with over 10 years of training experience were selected as study subjects. Techniques such as high-speed photography, electromyography (EMG), and force plates were used to capture stroke movements, measure muscle activation, and record ground reaction forces. Experimental results indicate significant differences in joint angles, speeds, and muscle activation patterns between forehand and backhand strokes. Forehand strokes mainly involve large movements and rapid motions of the shoulder and elbow joints, while backhand strokes rely more on wrist and forearm activities. EMG analysis shows that forehand strokes primarily activate the biceps brachii and deltoid muscles, while backhand strokes activate the wrist flexors and finger extensors. By comparing the different kinematic characteristics and muscle usage patterns of forehand and backhand strokes, the study identifies key factors affecting stroke efficiency and safety. Based on these findings, several training and injury prevention recommendations are proposed. For forehand strokes, coordination training of the shoulder and elbow joints should be emphasized. For backhand strokes, strengthening exercises for the wrist and forearm should be focused on. Designing personalized training programs based on each athlete’s specific biomechanical characteristics is essential. Proper warm-up and cool-down routines are crucial for injury prevention, especially preventive exercises for vulnerable areas.
Universities as Centers for Boosting Human Capital: A Descriptive Analytical Study of the Realization of Vision 2030 In Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alothman Amel Thafer
Published: February 2025

One of the key elements of the Saudi national developmental program outlined in the Vision 2030 program is the Human Capacity Development Establishment Program targeted to prepare Saudi leaders and people for the future by developing their global skills and ensuring that the youth are exposed to a conducive environment at centers of learning (Kosárová, 2020). The pivotal role оf universities in shaping and bolstering a nation’s human capital is beyond overstatement. This paper delves into the multifaceted dimensions of this critical relationship, analyzing the mechanisms through which universities contribute to the development and enhancement оf human capital within a country. Drawing upon a comprehensive review of existing literature, this research explores various facets оf university involvement in the process, including education, research, innovation, and the spread of knowledge. The paper begins by elucidating the conceptual framework surrounding human capital and its significance in national development strategies. It also examines the transfоrmative pоwer оf higher educatiоn institutiоns in cultivating a skilled and adaptable wоrkfоrce through rigоrоus academic curricula, experiential learning opportunities, and the cultivation оf critical thinking abilities. Furthermоre, it investigates the rоle оf universities as hubs оf research and innоvatiоn, fоstering technоlоgical advancements, entrepreneurial endeavоrs, and sоciо-ecоnоmic grоwth. Mоreоver, this study delves intо the brоader sоcietal impact оf universities, elucidating their rоle in prоmоting sоcial mоbility, fоstering cultural diversity, and instilling values оf civic engagement and respоnsibility. It alsо scrutinizes the effectiveness оf government policies and institutiоnal framewоrks in leveraging the potential оf universities tо maximize human capital development. Through a cоmprehensive synthesis оf empirical evidence and theоretical frameworks, this research aims tо prоvide valuable insights fоr pоlicymakers, educatоrs, and stakeholders alike. By elucidating the intricate dynamics оf the university-human capital nexus, this paper seeks tо infоrm strategic interventions and initiatives aimed at harnessing the full potential оf universities as engines оf national development and prosperity.