bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Triggering of Toll-like Receptors in Old Individuals. Relevance for Vaccination
Authors: Zareian Nahid , Aprile Stefano , Cristaldi Laura , Ligotti Mattia Emanuela , Vasto Sonya , Farzaneh Farzin
Published: November 2019

Aging is characterized by a general decline in a range of physiological functions, with a consequent
increase in the risk of developing a variety of chronic diseases and geriatric syndromes. Additionally, increasing
age is accompanied by a progressive decline in both innate and acquired immune system, referred to as immunosenescence.
This impaired ability to mount an efficient immune response after exposure to microorganisms or
vaccines represents a major challenge in acquiring protection against pathogens in aging. Therefore, there is still a
great need for vaccines that are tailored to optimally stimulate the aged immune system, thus promoting more
successful aging. Various strategies can be used to improve vaccine efficacy in old people. Despite this, metaanalyses
have clearly shown that the magnitude of protection obtained remains lower in older adults. Recent
studies show that stimulation of Toll-like receptors, using stimulatory ligands, can enhance vaccine efficacy by a
number of mechanisms, including the activation of innate immune cells and the consequent production of inflammatory
cytokines. Therefore, a possible strategy for more effective vaccination in the older population is the
triggering of multiple TLRs, using a combined adjuvant for the synergistic activation of cellular immunity. Preliminary
in vitro data suggest that in humans the presence of multiple TLR agonists can result in the greater
stimulation of antigen-specific immune responses in immune cells both in the young healthy and in the immune
senescent older donors. These data suggest that appropriately selected combinations of TLR agonists could enhance
the efficacy of vaccination mediated immunity in older people.
Physiological Functions of Heat Shock Proteins
Authors: Shan Qiang , Ma Fengtao , Wei Jingya , Li Hongyang , Ma Hui , Sun Peng
Published: November 2019

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are molecular chaperones involved in a variety of life activities.
HSPs function in the refolding of misfolded proteins, thereby contributing to the maintenance of cellular
homeostasis. Heat shock factor (HSF) is activated in response to environmental stresses and binds
to heat shock elements (HSEs), promoting HSP translation and thus the production of high levels of
HSPs to prevent damage to the organism. Here, we summarize the role of molecular chaperones as
anti-heat stress molecules and their involvement in immune responses and the modulation of apoptosis.
In addition, we review the potential application of HSPs to cancer therapy, general medicine, and the
treatment of heart disease.
Relationship Between Atopic Dermatitis and Food Allergy
Authors: Domínguez Olga , Plaza Ana María , Alvaro Montserrat
Published: November 2019

Consistent evidence has been found on the relationship between food allergy (FA) and
atopic dermatitis (AD) in some children. Food sensitization can be often found in these patients.
Allergy should be confirmed, though, with a food challenge test (FC) before advising a restrictive
diet which could be harmful for the patient. Younger children with AD frequently show sensitization
to egg, milk or peanut, while older ones and adults are more often sensitized to environmental
allergens such as house dust mites, moulds, animal dander or pollens. It is well known that a barrier
disturbance plays a main role in the development of sensitization and allergy. Therefore, due to the
early appearance of AD, preventive newborn skincare with emollients and early introduction of
food appear to be very important to determine food tolerance.
Chronic Stress and Diabetes Mellitus: Interwoven Pathologies
Authors: Sharma Vivek Kumar , Singh Thakur Gurjeet
Published: November 2019

Stress threatens the homeostasis and mobilizes a plethora of adaptive physiological and behavioral
changes via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the sympathetic nervous system.
The HPA axis influences the pituitary gland, hypothalamus and adrenal gland via a complex set of
positive and negative feedback system. The feedback system operates in a well regulated neuroendocrine
manner to reestablish the threatened body equilibrium. The HPA axis secreted major product is a
glucocorticoid (cortisol) which is kept within a physiologically optimal range and serves to accomplish
the various physiological functions crucial for survival. In chronically stressed individuals dishabituation
of HPA axis is followed by increased release of glucocorticoids and catecholamines. Higher secretion
of glucocorticoids influences glucose metabolism by promoting gluconeogenesis in the liver, suppressing
glucose uptake (adipocytes and skeletal muscles), promoting lipolysis in adipocytes, suppressing
insulin secretion, inflicting insulin resistance and inflammation. These biological changes alter neuroendocrine
mechanisms and lead to maladaptive congregation of events that form the underlying cause
of development of Type 2 diabetes (T2D). The currently reviewed evidences advocate that targeting
stress mediated hypersecretion of glucocorticoids may be a viable approach for the treatment of T2D
and to reinstate glucose homeostasis.
Assessing Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Diabetes: An Update
Authors: Damaskos Christos , Garmpis Nikolaos , Kollia Paraskevi , Mitsiopoulos Georgios , Barlampa Danai , Drosos Athanasios , Patsouras Alexandros , Gravvanis Nikolaos , Antoniou Vasileios , Litos Alexandros , Diamantis Evangelos
Published: November 2019

The globalization of the Western lifestyle has resulted in increase of diabetes mellitus, a
complex, multifactorial disease. Diabetes mellitus is a condition often related to the disorders of the
cardiovascular system. It is well established that three quarters of diabetics, aged over 40, will die
from cardiovascular disease and are more likely than non-diabetics to die from their first cardiovascular
event. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to individualize treatment via risk stratification.
Conditions that increase cardiovascular risk in people with diabetes include age more than 40
years, male gender, history of relative suffering from premature CHD, blood pressure and high
LDL levels, presence of microalbuminuria, obstructive sleepapnea, erectile dysfunction and other
conditions.

Several models have been developed in order to assess cardiovascular risk in people with and without
diabetes. Some of them have been proven to be inadequate while others are widely used for
years. An emerging way of risk assessment in patients with diabetes mellitus is the use of biomarkers
but a lot of research needs to be done in this field in order to have solid conclusions.
New Insight for the Prognosis of CCHF: Clinical, Laboratory and Sonography Findings
Authors: Osquee Hamid Owaysee , Taghizadeh Sepehr , Haghdoost Mehdi , Pourjafar Hadi , Ansari Fereshteh
Published: November 2019

Introduction:

In this article, we report data on confirmed CCHF cases from Iran and describe the
association between studying factors and outcomes of the disease.

Objective:

Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is an acute and fatal disease
with various clinical and paraclinical characteristics.

Methods:

In the Study design, we evaluated demographic characteristics, clinical, laboratory and sonographic findings of 160 CCHF confirmed cases during 2003 and 2012 in Zabol (A city in Sistan and Baluchestan province of Iran). The association between these factors and the fatal outcome was evaluated by regression analysis.

Results:

The disease had a fatal outcome in 7 (4.4%) of patients. Females had more severe symptoms and higher odds for death (odds ratio11.57, p=0.005). Leukocytosis (p<0.001), PT (p<0.001) and PTT (p=0.008) elongation, AST (p=0.010) and ALT (p>0.001) elevation were significantly associated with fatal outcome. CNS related symptoms (odds ratio 5.9, p=0.027) in clinical examination and ascites (odds ratio 38.4, p=0.012) and liquid in the pelvic cavity (odds ratio 24.2, p=0.004) were also identified as risk factors of death in this study.

Conclusions:

Our data suggest that in addition to clinical and laboratory findings practitioners consider sonography for CCHF prognosis.
Influence of Primary Auditory Cortex in the Characterization of Autism Spectrum in Young Adults using Brain Connectivity Parameters and Deep Belief Networks: An fMRI Study
Authors: Srinivasan Vidhusha , Udayakumar N. , Anandan Kavitha
Published: November 2019

Background:

The spectrum of autism encompasses High Functioning Autism (HFA)
and Low Functioning Autism (LFA). Brain mapping studies have revealed that autism individuals
have overlaps in brain behavioural characteristics. Generally, high functioning individuals are
known to exhibit higher intelligence and better language processing abilities. However, specific
mechanisms associated with their functional capabilities are still under research.

Objective:

This work addresses the overlapping phenomenon present in autism spectrum through
functional connectivity patterns along with brain connectivity parameters and distinguishes the
classes using deep belief networks.

Methods:

The task-based functional Magnetic Resonance Images (fMRI) of both high and low
functioning autistic groups were acquired from ABIDE database, for 58 low functioning against
43 high functioning individuals while they were involved in a defined language processing task.
The language processing regions of the brain, along with Default Mode Network (DMN) have
been considered for the analysis. The functional connectivity maps have been plotted through
graph theory procedures. Brain connectivity parameters such as Granger Causality (GC) and
Phase Slope Index (PSI) have been calculated for the individual groups. These parameters have
been fed to Deep Belief Networks (DBN) to classify the subjects under consideration as either
LFA or HFA.

Results:

Results showed increased functional connectivity in high functioning subjects. It was
found that the additional interaction of the Primary Auditory Cortex lying in the temporal lobe,
with other regions of interest complimented their enhanced connectivity. Results were validated
using DBN measuring the classification accuracy of 85.85% for high functioning and 81.71% for
the low functioning group.

Conclusion:

Since it is known that autism involves enhanced, but imbalanced components of intelligence,
the reason behind the supremacy of high functioning group in language processing and
region responsible for enhanced connectivity has been recognized. Therefore, this work that suggests
the effect of Primary Auditory Cortex in characterizing the dominance of language processing
in high functioning young adults seems to be highly significant in discriminating different
groups in autism spectrum.
Metabolomics and Pharmacological Screening of Aspergillus versicolor Isolated from Hyrtios erectus Red Sea Sponge; Egypt
Authors: Shreadah Mohamed A. , El Moneam Nehad M.A. , El-Assar Samy A. , Nabil-Adam Asmaa
Published: November 2019

Background:

Aspergillus Versicolor is a marine-derived fungus isolated from Hyrtios Erectus
Red Sea sponge.

Methods:

The aim of this study was to carry out a pharmacological screening and investigation for the
in vitro biological activity (antioxidant, cholinergic, antidiabetic and anticancer) of Aspergillus Versicolor
crude extract’s active compounds by using different qualitative and quantitative methods.

Results:

The present study results showed that Aspergillus Versicolor crude extracts contain 0.6 mg
total phenolic/mg crude extract. Aspergillus Versicolor also showed a potent antioxidative capacity by
decreasing the oxidation of ABTS. The anticancer and inhibitory effects of Aspergillus Versicolor crude
extracts on PTK and SHKI were found to be 75.29 % and 80.76%; respectively. The AChE inhibitory
assay revealed that Aspergillus Versicolor extracts had an inhibitory percentage of 86.67%. Furthermore,
the anti-inflammatory activity using COX1, COX2, TNF, and IL6 was 77.32, 85.21 %, 59.83%,
and 56.15%; respectively. Additionally, the anti-viral effect using reverse transcriptase enzyme showed
high antiviral activity with 92.10 %.

Conclusion:

The current study confirmed that the Aspergillus versicolor crude extract and its active
constituents showed strong effects on diminishing the oxidative stress, neurodegenerative damage, antiinflammatory,
anti-cancer and anti-viral, suggesting their beneficial role as a promising fermented product
in the treatment of cancer, oxidative stress, Alzheimer's, anti-inflammatory and anti-viral diseases.
The Correlation Between Ischemic Stroke and Thrombosis by Nanoscale Biomarker Analysis
Authors: Wang Guoqing , Shen Xiangpeng , Tian Qiangyuan , Lakshmipriya Thangavel , Gopinath Subash C.B.
Published: November 2019

Ischemic stroke, which is the fifth leading cause of death, is an attack in the brain due to blockage of a brain artery. It occurs when a sudden loss of blood flow to the brain leads to a reduction in the oxygen supply. A wide range of reasons have been found for ischemic stroke, including high blood pressure and associated thrombosis. Suitable biomarker analysis followed by proper treatment helps to prevent ischemic stroke. An aptamer is an artificial antibody generated against various clinical biomarkers from a smaller molecule of a whole cell. Recently, several researchers conducted biomarker analysis for ischemic stroke using aptamers. Furthermore, factor IX, which is a blood clotting factor, is highly correlated with thrombosis and plays a role in ischemic stroke. In this review, we summarized the potential role of aptamers in ischemic stroke by nanoscale analysis, and factor IX was the distinct focus of this review.
Rational Identification of Hsp90 Inhibitors as Anticancer Lead Molecules by Structure Based Drug Designing Approach
Authors: Gupta Sayan D. , Swapanthi Pappu S. , Bhagya Deshetti , Federicci Fernando , Mazaira Gisela I. , Galigniana Mario D. , Subrahmanyam Chavali V.S. , Gowrishankar Naryanasamy L. , Raghavendra Nulgumnalli M.
Published: November 2019

Background:

Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is an encouraging anticancer target for the development
of clinically significant molecules. Schiff bases play a crucial role in anticancer research because of their ease of
synthesis and excellent antiproliferative effect against multiple cancer cell lines. Therefore, we started our research
work with the discovery of resorcinol/4-chloro resorcinol derived Schiff bases as Hsp90 inhibitors, which
resulted in the discovery of a viable anticancer lead molecule.

Objective:

The objective of the study is to discover more promising lead molecules using our previously established
drug discovery program, wherein the rational drug design is achieved by molecular docking studies.

Methods:

The docking studies were carried out by using Surflex Geom X programme of Sybyl X-1.2 version
software. The molecules with good docking scores were synthesized and their structures were confirmed by IR,
1H NMR and mass spectral analysis. Subsequently, the molecules were evaluated for their potential to attenuate
Hsp90 ATPase activity by Malachite green assay. The anticancer effect of the molecules was examined on PC3
prostate cancer cell lines by utilizing 3-(4,5-dimethythiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT)
assay methodology.

Results:

Schiff bases 11, 12, 20, 23 and 27 exhibiting IC50 value below 1μM and 15μM, in malachite green
assay and MTT assay, respectively, emerged as viable lead molecules for future optimization.

Conclusion:

The research work will pave the way for the rational development of cost-effective Schiff bases as
Hsp90 inhibitors as the method employed for the synthesis of the molecules is simple, economic and facile.
In Search of Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS)-Free Controls: The “Holy Grail” in Genetic Addiction Risk Testing
Authors: Blum Kenneth , Baron David , Lott Lisa , Ponce Jessica V. , Siwicki David , Boyett Brent , Steinberg Bruce , Modestino Edward J. , Fried Lyle , Hauser Mary , Simpatico Thomas , Downs Bill W. , McLaughlin Thomas , Hajela Raju , Badgaiyan Rajendra D.
Published: November 2019

Background:

The search for an accurate, gene-based test to identify heritable risk
factors for Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS) was conducted based on hundreds of published
studies about the role of dopamine in addictive behaviors, including risk for drug dependence
and compulsive/impulsive behavior disorders. The term RDS was first coined by Blum’s group
in 1995 to identify a group of behaviors with a common neurobiological mechanism associated
with a polymorphic allelic propensity for hypodopaminergia.

Objectives:

To outline the process used to select risk alleles of reward genes for the Genetic
Addiction Risk Score (GARS) test. Consequently, to address the limitations caused by inconsistent
results that occur in many case-control behavioral association studies. These limitations
are perhaps due to the failure of investigators to adequately screen controls for drug and alcohol
use disorder, and any of the many RDS behaviors, including nicotine dependence, obesity,
pathological gambling, and internet gaming addiction.

Method:

Review of the literature related to the function of risk alleles of reward genes associated
with hypodopaminergia relevant case-control association studies for the selection of alleles
to be measured by the Genetic Addiction Risk Score (GARS) test.

Result:

The prevalence of the DRD2 A1 allele in unscreened controls (33.3%), compared to
“Super-Controls” [highly screened RDS controls (3.3%) in proband and family] is used to exemplify
a possible solution.

Conclusion:

Unlike One Gene-One Disease (OGOD), RDS is polygenetic, and very complex.
In addition, any RDS-related behaviors must be eliminated from the control group in order to
obtain the best possible statistical analysis instead of comparing the phenotype with diseaseridden
controls.
Short Term Load Forecasting Using Bootstrap Aggregating Based Ensemble Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Tahir Muhammad F. , Haoyong Chen , Mehmood Kashif , Larik Noman A. , Khan Asad , Javed Muhammad S.
Published: November 2019

Background:

Short Term Load Forecasting (STLF) can predict load from several
minutes to week plays a vital role to address challenges such as optimal generation, economic
scheduling, dispatching and contingency analysis.

Methods:

This paper uses Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) Artificial Neural Network (ANN) technique
to perform STFL but long training time and convergence issues caused by bias, variance and
less generalization ability, make this algorithm unable to accurately predict future loads.

Results:

This issue can be resolved by various methods of Bootstraps Aggregating (Bagging) (like
disjoint partitions, small bags, replica small bags and disjoint bags) which help in reducing variance
and increasing generalization ability of ANN. Moreover, it results in reducing error in the learning
process of ANN. Disjoint partition proves to be the most accurate Bagging method and combining
outputs of this method by taking mean improves the overall performance.

Conclusion:

This method of combining several predictors known as Ensemble Artificial Neural
Network (EANN) outperforms the ANN and Bagging method by further increasing the generalization
ability and STLF accuracy.
Autism Spectrum Disorder Detection with Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Erkan Uğur , Thanh Dang N.H.
Published: November 2019

Background:

Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a disorder associated with genetic and neurological components leading to difficulties in social interaction and communication. According to statistics of WHO, the number of patients diagnosed with ASD is gradually increasing. Most of the current studies focus on clinical diagnosis, data collection and brain images analysis, but do not focus on the diagnosis of ASD based on machine learning.

Objective:

This study aims to classify ASD data to provide a quick, accessible and easy way to support early diagnosis of ASD.

Methods:

Three ASD datasets are used for children, adolescences and adults. To classify the ASD data, we used the k-Nearest Neighbours method (kNN), the Support Vector Machine method (SVM) and the Random Forests method (RF). In our experiments, the data was randomly split into training and test sets. The parts of the data were randomly selected 100 times to test the classification methods.

Results:

The final results were assessed by the average values. It is shown that SVM and RF are effective methods for ASD classification. In particular, the RF method classified the data with an accuracy of 100% for all above datasets.

Conclusion:

The early diagnosis of ASD is critical. If the number of data samples is large enough, we can achieve a high accuracy for machine learning-based ASD diagnosis. Among three classification methods, RF achieves the best performance for ASD data classification.
Electronic Health Literacy in Swiss-German Parents: Cross-Sectional Study of eHealth Literacy Scale Unidimensionality
Authors: Juvalta Sibylle , Kerry Matthew J , Jaks Rebecca , Baumann Isabel , Dratva Julia
Published: November 2019

Background

Parents often use digital media to search for information related to their children’s health. As the quantity and quality of digital sources meant specifically for parents expand, parents’ digital health literacy is increasingly important to process the information they retrieve. One of the earliest developed and widely used instruments to assess digital health literacy is the self-reported eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS). However, the eHEALS has not been psychometrically validated in a sample of parents. Given the inconsistency of the eHEALS underlying factor structure across previous reports, it is particularly important for validation to occur.

Objective

This study aimed to determine the factor structure of the German eHEALS measure in a sample of parents by adopting classic and modern psychometric approaches. In particular, this study sought to identify the eHEALS validity as a unidimensional index as well as the viability for potential subscales.

Methods

A cross-sectional design was used across two purposive sampling frames: online and paper administrations. Responses were collected between January 2018 and May 2018 from 703 Swiss-German parents. In addition to determining the sampling characteristics, we conducted exploratory factor analysis of the eHEALS by considering its ordinal structure using polychoric correlations. This analysis was performed separately for online–based and paper–based responses to examine the general factor strength of the eHEALS as a unidimensional index. Furthermore, item response theory (IRT) analyses were conducted by fitting eHEALS to a bifactor model to further inspect its unidimensionality and subscale viability.

Results

Parents in both samples were predominantly mothers (622/703, 88.5%), highly educated (538/703, 76.9%), of Swiss nationality (489/703, 71.8%), and living with a partner (692/703, 98.4%). Factor analyses of the eHEALS indicated the presence of a strong general factor across both paper and online samples, and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test indicated that the eHEALS total sum score was not significantly different between the paper and online samples (P=.12). Finally, the IRT analyses indicated negligible multidimensionality, insufficient subscale reliability after accounting for the eHEALS general factor, and a reduced subset of items that could serve as a unidimensional index of the eHEALS across the paper and online samples.

Conclusions

The German eHEALS evidenced good psychometric properties in a parent-specific study sample. Factor analyses indicated a strong general factor across purposively distinct sample frames (online and paper). IRT analyses validated the eHEALS as a unidimensional index while failing to find support for subscale usage.
Red Guava Juice (Psidium guajava L.) Reduce Oxidative Stress of Toll Gate Collector
Authors: Anugrah Riva Mustika , Maryanto Sugeng , Tjahjono Kusmiyati , Kartasurya Martha Irene
Published: November 2019

Exposure to air pollution can increase the occurrence of oxidative stress. Research showed that guava can reduce oxidative stress in Sprague Dawley rats. This experiment investigated the effect of red guava juice on oxidative stress in toll collectors. The subjects were 20 toll collectors in the treatment group and 20 in the control group. The treatment group received 250 mL red guava juice for 21 days while the controls did not receive anything. Malondialdehyde (MDA) was measured with thiobarbituric acid (TBA) reaction, food consumption was measured by 3×24 hours’ recall. The data were analyzed by paired t-test, Wilcoxon test, independent t-test, Mann Whitney test, and general linear model. The results showed that the effect of red guava juice on the MDA level was significant in the treatment group (p<0.05). A multivariate analysis showed that the effect of red guava juice to MDA level was significant after controlled by age, carbohydrate intake and initial conditions (p<0.05). Red guava juices of 250 mL for 21 days could reduce malondialdehyde (MDA) levels of toll collectors.
Aktivitas Antimikroba Ekstrak Kulit dan Jantung Pisang Muli (Musa Acuminata) terhadap Bakteri Escherichia coli
Authors: Sartika Dewi , Herdiana Novita , Kusuma Suci Nata
Published: November 2019

Daging ayam merupakan salah satu bahan pangan yang memegang peranan penting sebagai sumber protein hewani dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan gizi masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui adanya daya hambat ekstrak kulit dan jantung pisang muli sebagai antimikroba alami dalam menurunkan cemaran Escherichia coli, (2) menentukan konsentrasi terbaik ekstrak kulit dan jantung pisang muli sebagai antimikroba alami untuk menurunkan cemaranEscherichia coli, (3) mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan ekstrak kulit dan jantung pisang muli sebagai antimikroba alami dalam penurunan cemaranEscherichia coli pada daging ayam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak kulit dan jantung pisang muli memiliki daya hambat sebagai antimikroba alami dalam menurunkan cemaran bakteri Escherichia coli. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak kulit pisang muli memiliki daya hambat pertumbuhan bakteri E. coli dengan diameter sebesar 6.45 mm dengan aktivitas antibakteri sedang. Penghambatan ekstrak jantung pisang muli menunjukkan mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri E. coli dengan diameter hambat sebesar 5.63 mm dengan kategori aktivitas antimikroba sedang. Konsentrasi terbaik ekstrak kulit dan jantung pisang muli sebagai antimikroba alami untuk menurunkan cemaran Escherichia coli yaitu masing-masing konsentrasi ekstrak 100% pada taraf nyata 5%. Ekstrak kulit dan jantung pisang muli mampu menurunkan cemaran bakteri Escherichia coli pada daging ayam dengan kategori rendah, dengan angka penurunana dari 8log1.8 menjadi 7log3.0 koloni/g (ekstrak kulit pisang) dan 8log1.6 menjadi 7log4,4 (ekstrak jantung pisang). Total penurunan mikrobia oleh ekstrak kulit dan jantung pisang hanya 1log cycle dengan kategori kativitas anti bakterinya adalah rendah.
The Toxicity and Antibacterial Properties of Calamus ornatus Bl. Rattan Fruit
Authors: Salusu Heriad Daud , Obeth Ernita , Zarta Abdul Rasyid , Nurmarini Eva , Nurkaya Hamka , Kusuma Irawan Wijaya , Arung Enos Tangke
Published: November 2019

Calamus ornatus Bl., locally known as rotan mantang or rotan seuti is one of the commercial rattan species growing in the forests of East Borneo. Its fruit is edible, like the fruits of other species of rattan, and it has been used by the local people as traditional medicine to treat stomachache or toothache. Until recently, there has not been any study investigating the benefits of the fruit for medicinal or other purposes. This research aimed to discover the bio-activity potentials of Calamus ornatus Bl. fruits by identifying its toxicity level and antibacterial potentials. The parts of the fruit (pericarp, flesh, and seed) were extracted using ethanol as solvent to extract samples. The toxicity was analyzed by using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method while the antibacterial activity was tested using a well diffusion method. Low toxicity was found in the flesh, whereas the pericarp and the seed were non-toxic. Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli was found in the pericarp and the seed, while antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans was found in the pericarp and the flesh.
Пиролитическая хроматография для геохимических исследований нефтеносных горных пород: новый взгляд на классический метод
Authors: Герасимов Р.С. , Свирский К.С.
Published: November 2019

Предложен альтернативный способ (Пиро-ГХ / МС) проведения пиролиза различных геологических объектов, не уступающий по ряду факторов классическому исполнению на популярных системах для геохимической характеризации горных пород. Описаны объекты исследования (образцы нефтематеринской породы и керогена), а также применяемое пиролитическое оборудование, которое представляет собой схему «пиролизер – хроматограф – масс-спектрометрический детектор». Показано, что с помощью Пиро-ГХ/МС можно снимать масс-спектры выделяющихся газов (продуктов пиролиза) свозможностью идентификации групп компонентов или отдельных соединений. Удалось продемонстрировать, что основные пиролитические параметры S1, S2, S3, Tmax очень хорошо определяются методом Пиро-ГХ/МС, при этом метрологические параметры сопоставимы с аналогичными данными, полученными с помощью классического пиролизатора горных пород. В качестве примера рассмотрена совокупность серосодержащих соединений, которые образуются в результате пиролиза керогена, выделенного из пиритсодержащей нефтематеринской породы.
Функциональные наноматериалы – ​от теории к практике
Authors: Родченкова В.В.
Published: November 2019

Лаборатория синтеза функциональных материалов и переработки минерального сырья является одним из подразделений Института общей и неорганической химии им. Н. С. Курнакова РАН. Основные направления научной работы лаборатории связаны с получением различных функциональных материалов, в частности нанодисперсных порошков простых и сложных оксидов, одномерных наноструктур, нанокомпозитов, люминесцентных материалов, фотокатализаторов, биоматериалов и др., с использованием методов «мягкой химии», включая гидротермальный, гидротермально-­ультразвуковой и гидротермально-­микроволновой методы. Заведующий лабораторией, кандидат химических наук Александр Евгеньевич Баранчиков рассказал нам о научных исследованиях и проектах, над которыми сегодня работают сотрудники лаборатории, о разработках новых материалов, технологии их получения, о современном оборудовании для изучения их свой­ств, а также перспективах применения.
Исследовательская инфраструктура: от архитектуры и лабораторного дизайна к научным достижениям и открытиям
Authors: Алёшин А.Н.
Published: November 2019

Инновационный центр «Сколково» расширяет горизонты взаимодействия участников
высокотехнологичных проектов и создателей интеллектуального богатства нашей
страны. На базе Нового Кампуса института науки и технологий регулярно проходят
форумы и конференции, которые призваны аккумулировать созидательную энергию
талантливой молодежи, используя передовой опыт зарубежных коллег по творческому
преобразованию развивающихся проектов и запуску революционных стартапов.
Ягоды: химический состав, антиоксидантная активность. Влияние потребления ягод на здоровье человека
Authors: Яшин А.Я. , Веденин А.Н. , Яшин Я.И. , Немзер Б.В.
Published: November 2019

Ягоды – ​один из важнейших источников антиоксидантов в питании человека. В кратком обзоре приведены сведения о содержании природных полифенолов – ​антиоксидантов в наиболее распространенных ягодах: клубника, клюква, брусника, черника, облепиха, калина, жимолость, вишня, голубика, черная смородина, арония. Обсуждаются состав и антиоксидантная активность ягод, которая определяется содержанием полифенолов-­антиоксидантов. Приведены последние данные о публикациях с результатами исследований по влиянию регулярного потребления ягод на здоровье человека
Определение влаги и примесей в трансформаторном масле модифицированным методом Фишера
Authors: Гиззатова И.Д. , Козлов В.К. , Валиуллина Д.М. , Гиниатуллин Р.А.
Published: November 2019

Рассмотрен модифицированный метод Фишера для определения абсолютного содержания влаги и количества примесей в трансформаторном масле. Представлены результаты, полученные после вакуумной осушки, охлаждения и обработки сверхвысокочастотным излучением. Показано, что все эти три способа помогают полностью удалить влагу из масла, а затем оценить количество других примесей. Обсуждаются преимущества предложенного метода и возможности его применения для определения состава примесей.
Открытие Лаборатории «Хеликон» в МГУ – ​шаг к интеграции современных технологий в образование
Authors: Алёшин А.Н.
Published: November 2019

Необходимость активного взаимодействия современных высокотехнологичных приборостроительных компаний и научного сообщества очевидна. Одна из форм сотрудничества - создание на базе вузов лабораторий, оснащенных по последнему слову инженерной мысли. Польза от совместной деятельности обоюдная, поскольку привлечение талантливой молодежи имеет большой потенциал как для науки, так и для бизнеса. Кроме того, в вузах сформированы научные школы и имеется большой опыт исследовательских работ, поэтому студенты в процессе обучения осваивают самое передовое оборудование и в то же время приобщаются к настоящей науке. А инженеры компании получают возможность проверить работу приборов на практике и скорректировать обнаруженные недочеты, создавая новые модели с улучшенными характеристиками.
Химические лабораторные реакторы высокого давления: основные характеристики и области применения
Authors: Петушков Н.А.
Published: November 2019

Описаны характеристики химических реакторов высокого давления двух типов: традиционной конструкции и с применением сверхкритической флюидной экстракции. Обсуждаются их возможности и области применения, отмечены преимущества реакторов второго типа. Приведены примеры практического использования в различных приложениях. Особое внимание уделено мерам безопасности и автоматизации процесса экстракции.
Его считали не реализовавшим себя гением. Универсальный химик Ю. А. Клячко.
Authors: Золотов Ю.А.
Published: November 2019

В 2020 году исполняется 110 лет со дня рождения Юрия Аркадьевича Клячко (1910–2004) – ​доктора химических наук, профессора, Заслуженного деятеля науки и техники РСФСР, известного химика, прежде всего химика-­аналитика. Он многое сделал для определения газов и неметаллических примесей в металлах и сплавах, для анализа пищевых продуктов; был одним из немногих, кто вникал в так называемые общие вопросы аналитической химии. Но его интересы распространялись и на многие другие области: он опубликовал множество работ о структуре металлов, о появлении водорода при производстве и обработке алюминия.
Аналитический контроль авиационных материалов нового поколения
Authors: Дворецков Р.М. , Славин А.В.
Published: November 2019

Лаборатория «Спектральные, химико-­аналитические исследования и эталонные образцы» является структурным подразделением Испытательного центра Всероссийского института авиационных материалов (ИЦ ВИАМ). Специалисты лаборатории занимаются исследованием химического состава сплавов на различных основах: никелевых жаропрочных и жаростойких, высоколегированных сталей, сплавов на основе тугоплавких металлов, на основе титана, алюминия, магния; анализом чистых металлов, лигатур, электролитных ванн, шлаков, связующих, присадок, покрытий и других авиационных материалов и полуфабрикатов. Лаборатория разрабатывает методики анализа новых авиационных материалов и стандартные образцы состава сплавов.
Наблюдение и анализ образцов на полевом растровом электронном микроскопе сверхвысокого разрешения при низких ускоряющих напряжениях
Authors: Ниими Х. , Сакуда Ю. , Асано Н. , Асахина Ш.
Published: November 2019

JEOL разрабатывает и выпускает растровые электронные микроскопы (РЭМ) более 50 лет: первый – JSM 1 – был представлен в 1966 году. РЭМ широко используется в науке, медицине, производстве, при проведении криминалистической и других экспертиз благодаря своей способности не только формировать изображение мелких структур, но и выдавать информацию об элементном составе образца и его кристаллических свой­ствах. В последнее время при проведении таких исследований предъявляются все более высокие требования к пространственному разрешению микроскопа, уменьшению эффекта зарядки поверхности и повреждений образца, а также локализации зоны анализа. В работе продемонстрированы решения с использованием низкого ускоряющего напряжения, реализованные в новом РЭМ FE-SEM JSM 7900F, а также примеры их применения.
Определение синтетического пищевого красителя индигокармина в фармацевтических препаратах методом флуориметрии
Authors: Николаева А.А. , Иванов А.А. , Короткова Е.И.
Published: November 2019

Предложен новый метод флуориметрического определения синтетического пищевого красителя индигокармина (Е132). Изучены спектры люминесценции исследуемого лейкосоединения индигокармина. С помощью синхронного сканирования найдена оптимальная длина волны возбуждения лейкосоединения индигокармина 270 нм, при которой наблюдается наиболее интенсивная люминесценция на длине волны 410 нм, рассчитано время жизни сигнала люминесценции. Разработанная методика успешно применена для количественного определения синтетического красителя индигокармина (Е132), апробирована на лекарственных препаратах и витаминах для детей. Метод имеет хорошую сходимость с результатами хроматографического прямого определения Е132 в водном растворе в исследуемых объектах и может быть использован для контроля качества и безопасности фармацевтических препаратов.
Faktor Pendorong Keberangkatan TKI dalam Memenuhi Investasi Non Fisik di Kecamatan Selorejo Kabupaten Blitar
Authors: Waluyo Dwi Eko , Sulistyono Setyo Wahyu
Published: November 2019

Secara teoritis peran investasi non fisik berupa pendidikan  dan kesehatan sebagai faktor pendorong (push factor) seseorang menjadi TKI di Kabupaten Malang Provinsi Jawa Timur, dengan metode pengumpulan data untuk memperoleh data primer, sebagai tahap pertama peneliti hadir di Kecamatan Selorejo. Dengan tujuan masalah (1) Menjawab peran investasi non fisik berupa pendidikan  sebagai pendorong seseorang menjadi TKI di Kecamatan Selorejo Kabupaten Blitar Provinsi Jawa Timur. (2). Menjawab peran investasi non fisik berupa kesehatan dan pendidikan sebagai pendorong seorang menjadi TKI di Kecamatan Selorejo Kabupaten  Blitar  Provinsi Jawa Timur . Kabupaten Blitar sebagai situs penelitian sebagai observasi awal, dengan diikuti tahap observasi dengan menggunakan pertanyaan mendalam (deep questions) dengan harapan menjawab secara faktual alasan seorang menjadi TKI secara fenomenalogi diikuti oleh tahapan terakhir berupa collection data, berupa hasil wawancara atau dokumen terkait sebagai pendukung penelitian yang ditujukan kepada mantan TKI  atau calon TKI yang pada saat penelitian berada di situs penelitian dengan pendekatan triangulasi data sebagai uji validitas kebenaran dari penelitian. Hasil yang diperoleh dari beberapa responden peran karakter sosial ekonomi informan menjadi TKI senantiasa untuk membantu meringankan beban suami yang memiliki tanggungjawab atas keluarga dan berupaya untuk membiayai pendidikan anak dalam memprioritaskan dalam investasi non fisik dan modal usaha dalam pengembangan usaha suami. Abstract berisi tujuan penelitian, metodologi dan ringkasan hasil utama penelitian. Abstract ditulis dalam bahasa Inggris dan mengikuti format dalam template ini. Peneliti diharapkan melakukan copy dan format painter untuk memasukkan abstract mereka maupun hasil penelitian. Keywords: Integrity, Phenomenology, Public Accountant
Strategi Pengembangan Kampung Santren Gadingkasri
Authors: Boedirachminarni Arfida
Published: November 2019

Kampung Santren Gading Kasri ini memiliki keunikan, yaitu sebagai permukiman rakyat yang dipengaruhi secara kuat oleh karakter budaya, ekonomi, sosial dan sistem religi. Maka tujuan utama penelitian ini yaitu pengembangan sosial ekonomi masyarakat di kampung santren. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif untuk menganalisa karakteristik budaya, sosial, ekonomi dan sistem religi pada kampung Santren Gading Kasri Malang. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan kampung ini dapat diarahkan pada kearifan lokal yang dimiliki dan perlu dikembangan brand kampung santren disetiap sudut kampung.
Keterkaitan Pasar Modal di Amerika Serikat, Indonesia dan Korea Selatan
Authors: Hadi Syamsul
Published: November 2019

Hasil analisis yang telah dilakukan maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa pasar modal Indonesia, Korea Selatan dan Amerika memiliki keterkaitan yang erat. Pasar modal Indonesia memiliki hubungan yang kuat dengan pasar modal di Amerika Serikat, sedangkan hubungan antara pasar modal Indonesia dengan pasar modal Korea Selatan lebih kecil jika dibandingkan dengan hubungan pasar modal Amerika Serikat.
Nilai-Nilai Islami pada Budaya Organisasi di Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang
Authors: Cantika Yuli Sri Budi
Published: November 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik budaya organisasi Islami di Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang sebagai upaya meningkatkan kinerja karyawan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi, dengan meneliti pengalaman yang disadari oleh informan (conscious experience). Metode pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi sehingga dapat menggali lebih dalam tentang karakteristik budaya organisasi Islami yang ada di Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang. Informan penelitian ini adalah (1) Pimpinan Universitas; (2) Pimpinan Fakultas; (3) Dosen; (4) Karyawan. Teknik analisis data kualitatif dalam penelitian ini menggunakan 3 (tiga) analisis yaitu: Reduksi Data, Penyajian Data, dan Penarikan Kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa persepsi terhadap budaya organisasi Islami dilihat dari persepsi pimpinan, dosen dan karyawan terhadap kepemimpinan, norma dan praktek manajemen, cerita dan tokoh, tradisi dan ritual, serta persepsi terhadap simbol. Karakteristik budaya organisasi islami yaitu meliputi (1) Shiddiq untuk mencapai personal excellence yaitu sikap jujur, transparan dan akuntabel, (2) Amanah untuk mencapai inter-personal capital yaitu sikap adil dan komitmen,(3) Tabligh untuk mencapai visionary and communicative leadership yaitu sikap komunikatif dan terbuka, (4) Fathonah untuk mencapai professionalism and technical leadership yaitu cerdas, kompeten dan inovatif.
Analisis Added Value Program Kawasan Rumah Pangan Lestari (KRPL) terhadap Ekonomi Rumah Tangga (Studi Kasus Pada Kelompok Wanita Tani “DEWI SRI” Kota Batu)
Authors: Syam Dhaniel , Saputri Novitasari Agus , Widyastuti Aviani
Published: November 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis adanya nilai tambah dari kegiatan kawasan rumah pangan lestari (KRPL) terhadap ekonomi keluarga. Pada dasarnya KRPL yang didukung oleh Dinas Pertanian dan Dinas Ketahanan Pangan Kota Batu ini bertujuan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pangan dari setiap anggotanya dengan cara menanam tanaman pangan organik sehingga kebutuhan pangan rumah tangga dapat dipenuhi dengan kegiatan tersebut. Metode yang digunaan dari penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara terstruktur dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan implementasi Kawasan Rumah Pangan Lestari pada kelompok tani wanita Dewi Sri memiliki nilai tambah ekonomi atau economics value added. Value added pada kegiatan ini dapat diukur secara kualitatif maupun kuantitatif. Secara kualitatif dapat terlihat dari adanya aktivitas menjual barang hasil panen oleh anggota kelompok, artinya pada dasarnya tujuan KRPL adalah untuk ketahanan pangan keluarga namun apabila anggota sudah memenuhi segala kebutuhanya dari barang yang ditanamnya maka anggota bebas menjual barang tersebut epada orang lain. Diukur secra kuantitatif dapat dijelaskan pada saat anggota menerima sejumlah pendapatan yan berasal dari selisih pembelian dan penjualan yang dilaksankaan oleh kelompok. Selisih tersebut diakui sebagai pendapatan anggota dan asumsinya anggota dapat meningkatkan jumlah pendapatan keluarga melalui KRPL selain sebagai kegiatan yang memiliki tujuan untuk ketahanan pangan keluarga.
MEMAHAMI “MAKNA LAIN” INSENTIF TERHADAP KINERJA BANK YANG HOLISTIK: PERSPEKTIF INTERDISIPLINER
Authors: Leniwati Driana
Published: November 2019

Theoretically, financial incentives motivate the employee to improve performance but also found empirical evidence that shows the financial incentives are often inversely proportional (Young and Lewis 1995; Jenkins et al 1998). Base on the phenomena is interesting to look more at the meaning of incentives for Customer Relationship Manager (CRM) in the performance improvements. This study uses an interdisciplinary perspective of management accounting, psychology, and spirituality and borrows psychological needs and spiritual theories to see the motivation of CRM in improving performance based on their needs. The method used is a case study with an interpretive approach. Qualitative data is obtained by conducting interviews with several CRM in one of a commercial bank. The results of this study found there are other meanings of incentives for CRM. These meanings are inclined about security, loyalty, and accountability for their work, the meaning of appreciation, self-actualization, and spiritual which defeats the meaning of basic needs. The meanings that arise not depending on the period of work or position but more on the awareness of each. Understanding these meanings can be taken into consideration in making the right incentive scheme for employees. So that, incentives can really motivate employees to improve their performance.
Optimizing the landslide-prone slope stabilization
Authors: Solsky Stanislav V. , Bykovskaya Sofya A.
Published: November 2019

Introduction. Nowadays, the study of landslide processes is one of the most intensive aspects of construction and maintenance of industrial and civil buildings and installations. The landslides violate the stability of foundations and entire complexes of installations, so the assessment of the stability of the slopes is the most important task before starting the construction. Currently, there is a large number of landslide classifications, which characterize the conditions of their formation, the history of geological development, their age, and structure. Normative documentation gives three ways of slope slump control: preventive, restricting, and liquidation ones. However, this source does not give systematic validity of the engineering solutions. The study sets the following tasks: to develop an algorithm for the optimal choice of rational slope strengthening in landslide construction conditions and to test it with a specific example.

Materials and methods. The study analyzed the publications on theoretical and practical experience in dealing with landslides as well as normative documents. Numerical simulation methods were used to calculate the slope stability when testing the algorithm.

Results. Using the introduced classification, the study presented an algorithm that makes it possible to choose a rational way of slope strengthening under landslide construction conditions. The concept of the algorithm allows step-by-step approximating parameters of a landslide-prone slope model to the real conditions, on the one hand, and selecting the most reasonable anti-landslide measures, on the other hand. The developed algorithm was tested on the territory of a large industrial complex situated on river overflood plain fringes. By applying the value engineering comparison of several slope stabilization variants, the research has taken the most optimal one of them for realization.

Conclusions. The study developed the author’s classification and algorithm for the selection of optimal design solutions to stabilize landslide-prone slopes or slants. Successful approbation of the algorithm confirmed its practical applicability. The algorithm allows choosing the most effective complex for protection against landslides.