bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Combination Social Protection Programme as an HIV Prevention Mechanism: Experiences of Youths in Resource-Constrained Settings of Gauteng Province, South Africa
Authors: Zibengwa Enock , Tanga Pius Tangwe
Published: February 2024

Regardless of the tremendous growth of combination social protection as a human immunodeficiency virus prevention mechanism in South Africa, little is known about the ways in which combination social protection improves prevention outcomes for youths. In this article, we report on the experiences of youths participating in the combination social protection. In the study, which was conducted among Black African youths in the City of Johannesburg township settings of Soweto, Alexandra, and Orange Farm, we adopted a qualitative approach. The aim of the study was to explore the experiences of youths participating in the combination social protection and their views on how the programme changed their risk behaviour and sexual practices. We used a purposively selected sample to identify participants for semi-structured qualitative interviews. In-depth individual interviews were conducted with thirty youths and focus group discussions with six non-governmental organisations practitioners and five Department of Social Development officials. The data were analysed by implementing Creswell and Creswell’s strategy of qualitative thematic analysis. The findings show that when youths are equipped with prevention informational resources, economic capabilities, and social assets, they are empowered with agency and purposefulness that may alter their intentions to engage in risky sexual behaviour. It is also revealed that, by providing space for youths to engage on issues of gender and differential access to health and economic opportunities, the programme advanced the empowerment of female youths. Thus, combination social protection could be part of the country’s comprehensive social work package for empowering youths in poor localities.
The Contribution of the Agricultural Food Security Pack Programme to Beneficiary Households in Zambia: A Case Study of Mpulungu District
Authors: Tembo Royd
Published: February 2024

Small-scale farming provides most of the food produced in Southern Africa. Unfortunately, most vulnerable-but-viable small-scale farmers in Zambia are affected by household food insecurity despite the Zambian government providing them with farming inputs under the food security pack programme. This study investigated the effects of the programme on maize crop production among 147 vulnerable-but-viable farming households in Mpulungu District, using a mixed-methods approach. The study results revealed improved land cultivation, maize crop productivity and access to food by family members after respondents entered the programme. These results imply that the programme contributed positively to the achievement of the aforementioned positive successes, despite the beneficiaries receiving farming inputs late, i.e., outside the planting period. Notwithstanding the many positive effects achieved by the programme, there were some challenges, namely, the late receipt of farming inputs by most beneficiaries, failure by the Zambian government to release timely funds to suppliers of farming inputs, imposition of some male beneficiaries into the programme by politicians, and low literacy levels among most beneficiaries. The study concludes that despite the challenges encountered in the programme implementation, the food security pack programme had positive effects on maize crop production among most of the benefiting vulnerable-but-viable small-scale farmers in Mpulungu District. Therefore, the study recommends scaling up the programme and increasing the number of programme beneficiaries, timely distribution of inputs and budget profiling by the Ministry of Community Development and Social Services — a lead ministry for implementing the programme.
Early diagnosis of skin oncologic diseases using artificial intelligence technologies
Authors: Samokhin Simon О. , Patrushev Alexander V. , Akaeva Yulia I. , Parfenov Sergei A. , Kutelev Gennadii G.
Published: February 2024

The last decade has seen significant progress in computer-aided image analysis and recognition, with modern computer-aided diagnostic algorithms not only catching up with, but in many aspects surpassing human abilities. At the heart of this breakthrough is the development of deep convolutional neural networks, which have given a new impetus to medical diagnosis, particularly of skin cancers. In this paper, we analyzed photo-based skin disease classification systems developed using algorithms based on deep learning convolutional neural networks. Such methods have been variously reported to enable automated diagnosis of skin neoplasms with high sensitivity and specificity. A disease that requires more detailed analysis of graphic images — skin melanoma — was chosen as the main object of study. Early diagnosis of melanoma is of great socio-economic importance, as in this case the prognosis of patients is significantly improved. The aim of this work is to analyze the results of artificial intelligence (AI) applications in dermatology, especially in the context of early detection of skin melanoma. Scientific articles were searched in PubMed, Scopus and eLIBRARY databases using the keywords “convolutional neural networks”, “skin cancer” and “artificial intelligence”. The depth of the search was 10 years. The final analysis included 38 sources where the results of our own research were presented. The advantages of artificial intelligence methods for dermatologists were analyzed. Artificial intelligence can significantly assist dermatologists in developing visual neoplasm diagnosis skills and improve diagnostic accuracy. The use of AI to process dermatoscopic data in conjunction with the analysis of anamnestic and clinical information from medical records will reduce the burden on the healthcare system through correctly diagnosed benign skin tumors. All of this promises to have a significant impact on the future development of dermatovenerology.
Participación de las familias en la educación de estudiantes con discapacidad
Authors: Guerrero Yeison , Rojas Romero Cristian Jovan , Quintanilla Rubio Leidy Vanessa
Published: February 2024

En Colombia, el Decreto 1421 de 2017 reconoce a la familia como actor esencial en la participación efectiva del estudiantado con discapacidad. Se ofrece una reflexión sobre las barreras que las familias enfrentan al tratar de cumplir con las obligaciones enunciadas en esta normativa, y se proponen estrategias para incrementar su involucramiento. Las barreras actitudinales, físicas, comunicativas y sociales que afrontan las familias dificultan el éxito escolar de niños, niñas y adolescentes con discapacidad. Asimismo, el escaso reconocimiento de la diversidad lingüística, la geografía y el conflicto armado minimizan la presencia de estudiantes con discapacidad y sus familias en entornos escolares de algunas regiones del país. De otra parte, el enfoque unidireccional y centrado en las limitaciones del estudiante dificulta la participación y cumplimiento de las obligaciones escolares en algunos establecimientos educativos. La generación de políticas con enfoque territorial que visibilicen las necesidades regionales y promuevan las diferencias lingüísticas y culturales, así como la toma de conciencia, el acompañamiento psicosocial, el trabajo colaborativo y la generación de espacios de em-poderamiento, desde una perspectiva de derechos, pueden favorecer el rol de las familias para el logro de la inclusión y la equidad en la educación.
Effectiveness of Virtual Reality Environment for Post-Operative Pain Management
Authors: Thippabathuni Srinidhi , Anil Chandra Dronamraju Venkata , Kodandarao Gara Himavathy , Rao Vanamali Dharma
Published: February 2024

Objectives

The imperative need of post-operative period is effective pain management. Virtual reality (VR) causes psychological distraction from pain stimuli, and thus may cause pain alleviation. The study was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of VR distraction on post-operative pain and experience of VR sessions among the patients.

Material and Methods

A hospital-based interventional study was conducted for a period of two months with the objectives to estimate changes in post-operative pain intensity after VR session as well as to analyze experience related to VR interventions. It comprised patients of either gender undergoing surgery and with 1–3 days of hospitalization, who were randomized into two groups (age and gender matched). The control group was kept on standard post-operative pain management. The interventional group was subjected to VR exposure in addition to standard care therapy. The Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) scores were obtained twice post-operatively in subsequent days. I-group presence questionnaire (IPQ) responses were obtained after the VR session.

Results

Both control and interventional groups had 25 participants each for analysis. In both the groups, majority were given bupivacaine for anesthesia and combination of paracetamol and diclofenac for post-operative analgesia. The NRS scores of both groups obtained post-operatively on standard therapy without VR intervention did not show any significant difference. However, the post-VR-sessions’ NRS scores showed significant reduction as compared to pre-session scores among the participants of the interventional group. The responses obtained via IPQ revealed acceptance for the features of realism, engagement, and presence during VR intervention. Majority confirmed their willingness to undergo VR sessions in future.

Conclusion

VR session helped in significant reduction of pain perception as VR simulation diverted considerable attention away from the pain. Majority expressed positive inclination for utilization of VR in comprehensive patient care.
Pembelajaran sejarah maritim melalui media Banten harbour untuk peningkatan kesadaran multikultural
Authors: Nuhiyah N , Supriatna Nana , Yulifar Leli
Published: February 2024

Pembelajaran Sejarah maritim dapat menjadi sebuah langkah startegis bagi Indonesia untuk memahami dan menghargai keberagaman di Indonesia. Hadirnya Aplikasi Banten Harbour menjadi sebuah inovasi guna membumikan multiklturalisme Indonesia melalui sudut pandang historis serta penyajiannya melalui media pembelajaran yang kekinian, yaitu aplikasi android yang kini tengah digandrungi oleh siswa dan menjadi bagian yang tidak terpisahkan dalam kehidupan kita di era revolusi 4.0. Artikel ini membahas bagaimana efektivitas aplikasi banten Harbour dalam meningkatkan kesadaran multikultural siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain The one group pre-test post-test design. Analisis data dilakukan dengan statistik deskriptif dan statistik inferensial. Hasil penelitian ini menujukkan bahwa terdapat penggunaan Aplikasi Banten Harbour selama 12 pertemuan telah memengaruhi perubahan hasil pre-test dan post-test kesadaran multikultural siswa dan penggunaan Aplikasi Banten Harbour terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan kesadaran multikultural siswa dibuktikan melalui Uji Wilxocon dan Uji N Gain. Peningkatan kesadaran multikultural siswa juga terlihat pada perubahan siswa yang mengurangi sikap diskriminasi terhadap sesame teman, saling menghargai Bahasa daerah masing-masing dan semakin memahami berbagai perbedaan budaya melalui pembelajaran berbasis Aplikasi Banten Harbour ini. Selain itu, Aplikasi Banten Harbour juga dapat memotivasi siswa dalam belajar sejarah dan menjadikan pembelajaran sejarah lebih menyenangkan.
Benturan islam di pedalaman Jawa dalam memori babad alit dan babade nagara Patjitan
Authors: Surur Misbahus
Published: February 2024

Kajian ini mengulas pertemuan antara penyebar islam dari Demak dengan masyarakat lokal di pedalaman Jawa. Khususnya Ponorogo dan Pacitan abad 15 hingga awal abad 16, melalui memori babad alit dan babade nagara Patjitan. Dakwah Islam digambarkan menimbulkan benturan. Selama ini tidak banyak informasi sejarah di abad awal dan krusial di persebaran Islam di wilayah pedalaman. Karena menyorot keberhasilan batoro katong, kurang mengelaborasi awal sebaran islam, termasuk hambatan dan peran tokoh lain dari Pacitan. Persebaran islam di Brang Wetan memaparkan peran kiai ageng muhammad besari dengan pesantren Gebang Tinatarnya sesudah masa batoro katong. Upaya menerjemahkan babad tersebut merupakan kabar baik untuk mengisi kekosongan informasi. Metode menggunakan pendekatan sejarah dengan memilih topik, pengumpulan sumber, verifikasi, interpretasi dan penulisan melalui sumber atas dua babad. Penelitian menemukan benturan penyebar islam dengan masyarakat lokal sebab ketegangan agama, juga motif ekonomi dan politik merupakan pengaruh konflik internal antar keluarga sejak akhir kerajaan Majapahit, yaitu setelah perang paregreg. Pertemuan islam dengan masyarakat lokal lalu menghasilkan karakter islam khas pedalaman, berupa adaptasi corak islam dengan tradisi setempat.
The role of local history in strengthening national identity in the era of society 5.0
Authors: Danugroho Agus
Published: February 2024

National identity is a crucial element in building unity within a country, and history plays a central role in shaping that identity. However, sometimes the focus on national history can overlook local cultural roots and heritage that are integral to the larger national identity. An Merdeka curriculum that incorporates local history is an important instrument in linking national history with local cultural roots. Although the challenges of integrating local history are many, the resulting benefits, including an appreciation of cultural diversity, local pride, and a deeper understanding of national identity, provide a strong basis for continuing this endeavor. The type of research used is qualitative. The results of this study show the importance of local history in reinforcing national identity. The integration of local history in the curriculum not only deepens students' knowledge, but also provides a stronger foundation for shaping a national identity that is inclusive, values diversity, and strengthens the bond between local and national identity.
Prototype Pengontrolan Kualitas Air Kolam Menggunakan Arduino Berbasis IoT (Internet Of Things)
Authors: Renaldi Erit , Fandidarma Bayu , Susilo Dody
Published: February 2024

Salah satu faktor penting yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan budidaya ikan adalah kualitas air. Beberapa parameter fisik yang dapat diamati untuk menggambarkan kualitas air antara lain suhu, keasaman (pH), dan jumlah padatan terlarut dalam air (TDS) Salah satu masalah utama di sektor budidaya perikanan adalah sistem pengendalian kualitas air yang kurang baik, yang menyebabkan hama dan penyakit di air dan mempengaruhi ikan stres dan mati. Pengontrolan kualitas air berbasis Internet of Things pada perangkat smartphone dapat menjadi solusi yang baik untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut.Pada prototype ini menggunakan mikrokontroler Arduino uno built-in ESP8266. Adapun sensor yang digunakan diantaranya sensor suhu DS18B20 sebagai sensor pembaca data suhu, sensor pH E-201-C sebagai pembaca data pH air dan sensor TDS sebagai pembaca data jumlah zat padat terlarut dalam air. Hasil pengujian Prototype Pengontrol Kualitas Air Menggunakan Arduino Berbasis Internet of Things dapat dikatakan berjalan dengan baik. Pembacaan sensor pada Prototype dan pengontrolan relay dapat berjalan dengan baik. Pembacaan sensor suhu DS18B20 dan sensor TDS dengan alat ukur cukup akurat, rata-rata error sensor suhu DS1820 dan sensor TDS yaitu 2,57% dan 7,94%. Sedangkan perbandingan nilai sensor pH dengan alat ukur masih tinggi, rata-rata error pada sensor pH yaitu 12,13%.
Strategi dalam mengembangkan usaha industri rumahan (home industry) untuk meningkatkan pendapatan UMKM RIMIKAS di Tanjung Selor
Authors: Amrie Macmud Al , Erdiani Eni
Published: February 2024

Indonesia merupakan negara berkembang di mana perekonomian menjadi masalah utama yang harus dihadapi oleh negara berkembang dan ekonomi global yang selalu berubah-ubah membuat negara berkembang harus siap untuk menghadapinya. salah satu cara yang saat ini dapat dilakukan oleh negara Indonesia dalam mengatasi masalah tersebut adalah fokus terhadap usaha mikro ekonomi.   Home Industry adalah salah satu dari usaha mikro yang dapat dijalankan oleh siapa saja. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah kurangnya perhatian pemerintah daerah dan provinsi Kalimantan Utara dalam membantu mengembangkan UMKM yang baru akan merintis usaha, birokrasi akan meminjam modal usaha juga susah. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui strategi yang digunakan dalam mengembangkan usaha industri rumahan (home industry) dalam meningkatkan pendapatan UMKM RIMIKAS. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah data primer yang terdiri dari observasi dan wawancara dengan pemilik, dan  data sekunder yang terdiri dari jurnal, buku, laporan hasil penelitian, dan lain-lain. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah 1)  Strategi mengembangkan usaha yang dilakukan rumah produksi RIMIKAS untuk meningkatkan pendapatan UMKM dengan cara meningkatkan kualitas produk,  menetapkan harga yang terjangkau, mempromosikan produk dengan mengandalkan relasi, kenalan, atau teman, dan mendistribusikan produk keluar kota. 2) Campur tangan pemerintah dalam menjalankan usaha berupa pelatihan, bantuan alat produksi, dan perijinan buat usaha.  
Penerapan digital marketing pada sosial media terhadap strategi komunikasi pemasaran produk jasa pada Supoyo Consultant
Authors: Setiawan Muhammad Ricky , Purwanto Eko
Published: February 2024

Dunia bisnis mengalami perkembangan yang pesat seiring dengan pertumbuhan ekonomi dan kemajuan teknologi. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dan keinginan pelanggan, berbagai perusahaan muncul dengan tujuan membuat barang dan jasa. Meningkatnya penggunaan sosial media, seperti Facebook, Twitter, dan forum komunikasi sosial media lainnya, memaksa organisasi untuk mengubah pendekatan komunikasi mereka secara tidak sengaja. Salah satu strategi yang efektif untuk meningkatkan kesadaran merek perusahaan adalah digital marketing. Banyak bisnis menggunakan media sosial yang berkembang dengan pesat untuk memasarkan barang dan jasa mereka. Untuk menarik perhatian audiens, konten harus menarik dan mengikuti tren saat ini. Supoyo Consultant merupakan perusahaan konsultan manajemen yang memiliki masalah dengan brandingnya di media sosial yang kurang efektif, yang kurang membangun brand awareness. Jadi, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui, mengamati, menyelesaikan, dan terjun secara langsung dengan menggunakan metode pelaksanaan observasi dan partisipasi aktif dalam pembuatan content marketing untuk meningkatkan kesadaran merek. Digital marketing memanfaatkan media sosial untuk meningkatkan kesadaran merek. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa membuat konten kreatif dan menarik di platform media sosial seperti Instagram, TikTok, LinkedIn, dan YouTube dapat meningkatkan kesadaran merek perusahaan dan menjadi alat pemasaran untuk membangun kesadaran merek. Untuk menjangkau lebih banyak audiens, perusahaan harus memahami kebutuhan audiens, melakukan analisis media sosial, dan kemudian memilih konten yang paling sesuai dengan jenis konten yang diproduksi. Penelitian ini diharapkan akan memberikan manfaat atau konsekuensi bagi pihak yang berkepentingan dalam bentuk peningkatan wawasan, informasi, dan pengetahuan. Selain itu, diharapkan bahwa penelitian ini akan berkontribusi pada penelitian lebih lanjut yang berkaitan dengan digital marketing yang belum dibahas dalam penelitian ini.
Analysis of Factors Affecting Shopping Levels Independent Student Exchange Program Batch 3, Universitas Negeri Medan
Authors: Alvindra Devira Chessa , Pambudi Setyari , Andriani Dwi Nila , Wibawa Ramadhan Prasetya
Published: February 2024

The Independent Student Exchange Program (PMM) is one of the Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) activities that aim to enrich student learning experiences. Students are active individuals who always try to meet their needs, especially students who are taking part in programs from their universities or the government, for example, the Independent Student Exchange (PMM) program. This article aims to find out what factors can influence the consumption level of exchange students. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method, and the instruments of this research are students from the Independent Student Exchange Program (PMM) batch 3, Universitas Negeri Medan. The results obtained from this research are pocket money, scholarships, basic needs, primary needs, and the completeness of goods and services available at the location where the exchange student lives.
SOSIALISASI PEMBELAJARAN INOVATIF MENGGUNAKAN MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF DENGAN TEKS NARATIF BERBASIS BUDAYA LOKAL BAGI GURU-GURU SMP DI KOTA PALEMBANG
Authors: Inderawati Rita , Sofendi Sofendi , Jaya Hariswan Putra , Erlina Erlina , Pitaloka Nova Lingga
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Reading skill is very important to be developed, but PISA 2018 reports that Indonesian literacy skill is still not satisfactory, which is ranked 72 out of a total of 77 participating countries. This is due to many educational problems in Indonesia. One solution is to use interactive multimedia with local-content based narrative texts. The purpose of this activity is to socialize the use of interactive multimedia with local-content based narrative texts. The method used in this activity was a workshop with a sequence of activities in the form of pretest, material presentation, question and answer and discussion, demonstration, practice of using interactive multimedia represented by one of the participating teachers, posttest, lesson plan development, feedback. The results of this activity indicated that there was an increase in teachers’ knowledge, teachers could use interactive multimedia well, teachers were very enthusiastic about this workshop, and able to make lesson plan. The participants also gave suggestions for ongoing workhsop on other materials such as developing instructional media.

 

Abstrak. Keterampilan membaca sangat penting untuk dikembangkan, tetapi PISA 2018 melaporkan kemampuan literasi Indonesia masih bekum memuaskan yaitu berada pada peringkat 72 dari total 77 negara yang berpartisipasi. Hal ini disebabkan oleh banyaknya masalah pendidikan di Indonesia. Salah satu solusinya adalah menggunakan multimedia interaktif dengan teks naratif berbasis budaya lokal. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini yaitu sosialisai penggunaan multimedia interaktif dengan teks naratif berbasis budaya lokal. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah workshop dengan urutan kegiatan berupa tes awal, presentasi materi, tanyajawab dan diskusi, peragaan/demonstrasi, praktik penggunaan multimedia interaktif yang di wakilkan oleh salah satu guru peserta pelatihan, tes akhir, pembuatan RPP, pengisian formulir umpan balik kegiatan. Hasil dari kegiatan ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan guru,  guru bisa menggunakan multimedia interaktif dengan baik, sangat merasa antusias terhadap pelatihan ini, dan bisa membuat RPP. Para peserta juga memberi saran untuk pelatihan berkelanjutan dengan materi lainnya seperti pembuatan media pembelajaran.  

Kata kunci: Sosialisasi, multimedia interaktif, teks naratif, budaya lokal

 
PELATIHAN DAN PEMBERIAN BANTUAN ALAT KESEHATAN SERTA MINI GARDEN PORTABLE BAGI POSYANDU REMAJA MOJO
Authors: Purbowati Rini , Hernanda Pratika Yuhyi , Isrianto Pramita Laksitarahmi , Tjandra Lusiani , Masfufatun Masfufatun , Aritania Putu Oky , Indahsari Noer Kumala
Published: February 2024

Abstract. The increase in non-communicable diseases (NCDs) that occur at young and productive ages is triggered by the tendency of teenagers to like to consume "viral" foods and drinks, which usually have high sugar content, contain preservatives, a high level of spiciness and are less hygienic. These habits of teenagers without realizing it will have a big influence on their health, growth, and development in later ages. It is hoped that the Youth Posyandu can become a forum to facilitate teenagers in understanding adolescent health problems. This community service activity aims to provide solutions to 3 problems at the "Mojo Youth Posyandu", namely: limitations on physical facilities, lack of use of appropriate technology, and poor organizational management. Activities were carried out through training methods and the delivery of health equipment as well as counseling methods targeting 12 Mojo youth posyandu cadres. The results of this activity were able to increase the completeness of adolescent health examination tools as well as improve the skills of adolescent posyandu cadres to be able to use them, increase the availability of fresh vegetables and fruit through the "Mini Garden Portable" and improve the management of the Mojo youth posyandu organization by providing 2 copies of the Adolescent Posyandu Guidebook

 

Abstrak. Meningkatnya Penyakit Tidak Menular (PTM) yang terjadi diusia muda dan produktif dipicu oleh kecenderungan remaja yang gemar mengkonsumsi makanan dan minuman yang sedang “viral”, yang biasanya memiliki kandungan gula yang tinggi, mengandung bahan pengawet, tingkat kepedasan yang tinggi serta kurang higienis. Kebiasaan remaja tersebut tanpa disadari akan menimbulkan pengaruh yang besar terhadap kesehatan, pertumbuhan dan perkembangannya di usia-usia selanjutnya. Posyandu Remaja diharapkan dapat menjadi wadah untuk memfasilitasi remaja dalam memahami permasalahan kesehatan remaja. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan solusi terhadap 3 permasalahan pada Posyandu Remaja Mojo, yaitu: keterbatasan fasilitas fisik, kurangnya pemanfaatan teknologi tepat guna serta rendahnya manajemen organisasi. Kegiatan dilakukan melalui metode pelatihan dan penyerahan alat-alat kesehatan serta metode penyuluhan dengan sasaran 12 kader posyandu remaja Mojo. Hasil kegiatan ini mampu menambah kelengkapan alat pemeriksaan kesehatan remaja sekaligus meningkatkan keterampilan para kader posyandu remaja untuk dapat menggunakannya, meningkatkan ketersediaan sayur dan buah segar melalui “Mini Garden Portable” serta meningkatkan manajemen organisasi posyandu remaja Mojo melalui pemberian 2 eksemplar Buku Panduan Posyandu Remaja.
Significance of advanced porous configurations in enhancing solid oxide fuel cell performance: a comparative analysis between conventional porous anodes and state-of-the-art variants
Authors: Abbasi Hamid Reza , Babaei Masoud , Rabbani Arash , Theodoropoulos Constantinos
Published: February 2024

Three different configurations of the porous anode of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) have been computationally synthesized and analyzed with respect to their electrochemical performance and topological properties. In addition to the conventional Ni/YSZ configuration of SOFC, which is usually fabricated using screen-printing, two novel designs (fibrous and lattice microstructures) are synthesized and tested. For each class of configurations, a numerical framework has been developed that can generate microstructures with specified topological characteristics. Finite volume method is employed to investigate transport phenomena and electrochemical reactions occurring within the active layer of porous anode cermet. Utilization of synthetically generated microstructures enables the direct study of certain microstructural and image acquisition attributes that may be inherently fixed within the confines and limits of a destructive 3D imaging. For instance, results showed how the choice of voxel size can greatly alter the measured Triple Phase Boundary (TPB) and the electrochemical performance. The investigation further demonstrated that lattice and fibrous structures produce an increased current density of 4.8 and 1.4 times, respectively, compared to the established conventional configuration. Finally, gradient microstructures have demonstrated the capacity to enhance electrochemical performance when subjected to careful fabrication methodologies.
Carbon-Negative production of Hydrogen through Sulfur Intermediates
Authors: Bachman Benjamin , Hamers Robert
Published: February 2024

Chemical fuel production from biomass represents one method for decarbonizing the global energy infrastructure. However, current technologies have significant drawbacks that limit application to select feedstocks. For example, the endothermic steam-reforming process is limited to gasified low-sulfur feedstocks that have thus far precluded the economic utilization of municipal solid wastes (MSW) among other sources of biomass. The use of elemental S is one potential method to utilize these organic wastes for H2 production through the high-temperature and exothermic production of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and carbon disulfide (CS2) gasses as chemical intermediates. These reduced sulfur species are thermodynamically unstable with respect to their oxygen-analogs, which indicates that usable chemical energy may be derived from their oxidation. When biomass is dehydrogenated with S at lower temperatures, the formation of CS2 is suppressed and sulfurized biochar is produced. In this work, we describe and analyze a possible cyclic route to producing H2 from these species through the use of well-known chemical reactions operating in continuous fashion using cellulose as an example molecule. This “sulfur-reforming” process and additional steps may allow for the economical valorization of currently unutilized organic matter in MSW that may be contributing to environmental harm. If the sulfurized biochar is left sequestered, such as through use as a soil-amendment, and if the electrical energy is sourced from renewables, this process may be considered carbon-negative.
High-bandwidth low-current measurement system for automated and scalable probing of tunnel junctions in liquids
Authors: Raja Shyamprasad N. , Jain Saumey , Kipen Javier , Jaldén Joakim , Stemme Göran , Herland Anna , Niklaus Frank
Published: February 2024

Tunnel junctions have long been used to immobilize and study the electronic transport properties of single molecules. The sensitivity of tunneling currents to entities in the tunneling gap has generated interest in developing electronic biosensors with single molecule resolution. Tunnel junctions can, for example, be used for sensing bound or unbound DNA, RNA, amino acids, and proteins in liquids. However, manufacturing technologies for on-chip integrated arrays of tunnel junction sensors are still in their infancy, and scalable measurement strategies that allow the measurement of large numbers of tunneling junctions are required to facilitate progress. Here, we describe an experimental setup to perform scalable, high bandwidth (> 10 kHz) measurements of low currents (pA–nA) in arrays of on-chip integrated tunnel junctions immersed in various liquid media. Leveraging a commercially available compact 100 kHz bandwidth low-current measurement instrument, we developed a custom two-terminal probe on which the amplifier is directly mounted to decrease parasitic probe capacitances to sub-pF levels. We also integrated a motorized 3-axis stage, which could be powered down using software control, inside the Faraday cage of the setup. This enabled automated data acquisition on arrays of tunnel junctions without worsening the noise floor despite being inside the Faraday cage. A deliberately positioned air gap in the fluidic path ensured liquid perfusion to the chip from outside the Faraday cage without coupling in additional noise. We demonstrated the performance of our setup using rapid current switching observed in electromigrated gold tunnel junctions immersed in deionized water. Our measurement setup and findings will contribute to developing the emerging field of tunnel junction sensors and can be readily extended towards higher bandwidth sensing, as well as to other types of electronic single molecule sensors.
How Depletion Layers Govern the Dynamic Plasmonic Response of In-doped CdO Nanocrystals
Authors: Shubert-Zuleta Sofia , Segui Barragan Victor , Berry Marina , Russum Robert , Milliron Delia
Published: February 2024

Doped metal oxide nanocrystals exhibit localized surface plasmon resonance that is widely tunable across the mid- to near-infrared region, making them useful for applications in optoelectronics, sensing, and photocatalysis. Surface states pin the Fermi level and induce a surface depletion layer that hinders conductivity and refractive index sensing, but can be advantageous for optical modulation. Several strategies have been developed to both synthetically and post-synthetically tailor the depletion layer towards particular applications, however, this understanding has primarily been advanced in Sn-doped In2O3 (ITO) nanocrystals, leaving open questions about generalizing to other doped metal oxides. Here, we quantitatively analyze the depletion layer in In-doped CdO (ICO) nanocrystals, which we show have an intrinsically wide depletion layer that leads to broad plasmonic modulation via post-synthetic chemical reduction and ligand exchange. Leveraging these insights, we apply depletion layer tuning to enhance the inherently weak plasmonic coupling in ICO nanocrystal superlattices. Our results demonstrate how electronic band structure dictates the radial distribution of electrons and governs the response to post-synthetic modulation, enabling the design of tunable and responsive plasmonic materials.
From the Editorial Desk
Authors: B R Ramakrishna Dr.
Published: February 2024

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National Ayurveda day
Authors: B R Ramakrishna Dr.
Published: February 2024

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Practical Applicability of Nasya Karma (Ayurveda Therapy) in Sinusitis
Authors: . Vanishree , Bali MR Yogitha
Published: February 2024

Nasya karma is an important therapy in which the medicine is administered through the nose either in the form of ghrita oil powder liquid or smoke. It is particularly useful in treating the diseases of organs above the clavicle. Sinusitis is one such disease. All the recently published guidelines have adopted the term rhinosinusitis RS instead of sinusitis. RS is the inflammation of the nose and paranasal sinuses characterized by two or more symptoms one of which should be either nasal blockage obstruction congestion or nasal discharge and the second either facial painpressure or reductionloss of smell or both of these with objective findings on either computed tomography or nasal endoscopy. Nasya karma is a unique therapy of Ayurveda that does both the shamana and shodhana of the doshas thereby relieving the symptoms and preventing the problem from progressing. Though there are a large number of studies on the topic more studies with larger sample size needs to be carried out to understand nasya therapy in depth and its role in sinusitis.nbsp
Aplicação de Storytelling na Gestão do Conhecimento
Authors: França Geovana Ezequieli de , Silveira Tatiana Impelizieri Moura da , Roberto Felipe Lopes , Pereira Lincoln Nilo , Lima Sander Diego Gomes de Melo , Silva Helena de Fátima Nunes
Published: February 2024

Este artigo apresenta uma revisão sistemática da literatura referente a aplicação de storytelling na gestão do conhecimento. Para o levantamento dos artigos foram usadas as bases de dados Science Direct e Scopus com o objetivo de identificar publicações indexadas nas bases de dados mencionadas no período de 2011 a 2020. Os artigos foram submetidos ao método Ordinatio para a seleção daqueles com maior relevância. Na revisão de literatura há uma abordagem sobre práticas de gestão do conhecimento com destaque para as narrativas. Ainda na revisão de literatura é contextualizada a relação com a tomada de decisão. A pesquisa evidencia que o tema tem sido explorado mais recentemente de forma distribuída entre periódicos e entre países, além de evidenciar que a principal aplicação de storytelling envolve a avaliação das narrativas para obtenção de informações relativas às experiências dos indivíduos participantes. Demonstra ainda que as narrativas são facilitadoras para o entendimento, comunicação, extração de conteúdo e tomada de decisão.
Rede Brasileira de Estudos e Conteúdos Adaptados (REBECA): desafios e perspectivas na colaboração do acesso à informação às pessoas com deficiência visual no Brasil
Authors: Melo Francisco Ricardo Lins Vieira de , Furtado Margareth Maciel Figueiredo Dias , Malheiros Tania Milca de Carvalho , Sousa Clemilda dos Santos
Published: February 2024

A formação de redes de colaboração tem contribuído para o aprimoramento das ações inclusivas nas universidades, trazendo novos olhares para as questões da acessibilidade e favorecendo o diálogo para a resolução das demandas apresentadas pelas pessoas com deficiência. A Rede Rebeca é a primeira rede brasileira de colaboração de acervos acadêmicos em formato acessível. Seu objetivo é reunir instituições de ensino superior que desenvolvem os mesmos produtos e serviços, proporcionando cooperação técnica e intercâmbio de trabalhos em formato acessível. Este trabalho visa apresentar as atividades da REBECA e descrever os processos adotados pelos profissionais que se encontram nos centros, laboratórios e bibliotecas acessíveis a pessoas com deficiência visual nas Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES). O presente trabalho caracteriza-se como um relato de experiência das ações desenvolvidas pela Rede. Os participantes da pesquisa foram profissionais de universidades públicas federais brasileiras. A metodologia é o levantamento bibliográfico sobre redes colaborativas em bibliotecas e a análise documental de registros e relatórios no período de 2018 a 2021. Com relação aos resultados, a Rede reúne atualmente 18 instituições que agregam 60 profissionais, beneficiando aproximadamente 180 usuários. As atividades são realizadas por 06 grupos de trabalho com temas específicos, os quais: comunicação, repositórios, padronização de manuais, audiodescrição, musicografia em braille e mentoria (para instituições aspirantes). Pode-se concluir que as ações da REBECA trazem benefícios em termos de apoio aos serviços de biblioteca para atendimento às pessoas com deficiência visual. Seja na orientação de padrões comuns de boas práticas na produção de materiais em formatos acessíveis, como na criação de bibliotecas digitais acessíveis, no intercâmbio de documentos e informações técnicas. O diálogo entre os profissionais que estão na primeira linha de atendimento permite aprimorar os processos e fortalecer o enfrentamento à exclusão que ainda persiste nas instituições.
protagonismo da Competência em Informação no contexto das fake news
Authors: Silva Rafaela Carolina , Santos Beatriz Rosa Pinheiro , Ottonicar Selma Letícia Capinzaiki , Damian Ieda Pelógia Martins
Published: February 2024

Aborda a relação entre a competência em informação e as fake news no universo das mídias redes sociais, por meio das fontes relativas Ã  competência em informação, fake news e desinformação na era da informação. Objetivou apresentar as relações existentes entre as fake news e a competência em informação, sugerindo diretrizes para identificação e redução das fake news no contexto das mídias e redes sociais. Para tanto, buscou enfatizar o impacto que as notícias falsas correntes nas mídias e redes sociais geram Ã  sociedade, destacando-se a competência em informação como a principal ferramenta de combate Ã s fake news e de capacitação informacional humana. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica. Os resultados demonstraram que é papel dos cientistas e profissionais da informação trabalhar em prol do combate Ã s fake news no ambiente das mídias e redes sociais, visto que as os efeitos desse tipo de notícia podem ser perigosos e oferecerem riscos Ã  consistência da sociedade. Como considerações finais, afirma-se que a competência em informação é o processo norteador para preparo e capacitação humana acerca do acesso e do uso eficaz da informação nos seus multivariados contextos e que esse processo é essencialmente importante na causa de combate Ã s fake news.
Gestão do conhecimento e sustentabilidade no contexto organizacional
Authors: Fonseca Diego Leonardo de Souza , Mota Kelren Cecília dos Santos Lima da , Santos Junior Roberto Lopes dos
Published: February 2024

Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática dos estudos que apresentam discussões que interseccionam as temáticas sobre sustentabilidade e gestão do conhecimento nas organizações no âmbito da Ciência da Informação. O método aplicado foi a revisão sistemática, realizada a partir do processo de levantamento de pesquisas interseccionadas no campo da Ciência da Informação, coletadas a partir dos periódicos científicos da área, sob uma análise descritiva-exploratória de natureza qualitativa. O processo de coleta de dados foi delineado a partir dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, por meio do uso dos seguintes termos-chaves: "Organizações" "Sustentabilidade", “Desenvolvimento sustentável”, “Organization”, “Knowledge management", “Sustainability development” e "Sustainability". Identificou-se um total de 1.102 artigos, nos quais, após a aplicação do método de elegibilidade na pesquisa, foram analisados 07 artigos aderentes ao objetivo do estudo. Observou-se, quanto a relação temática dos estudos sob a perspectiva da gestão do conhecimento e da sustentabilidade nas organizações, uma interseccionalidade nos objetos de pesquisa, nos quais diferentes eixos de abordagem foram tratados: vantagem competitiva sustentável, inovação, educação ambiental, sistemas organizacionais, inteligência competitiva, dentre outros. Concluiu-se, a partir da revisão sistemática, que há uma interseccionalidade dos estudos sobre a gestão do conhecimento e a sustentabilidade nas organizações publicados nos periódicos da Ciência da Informação (Comunicação e Informação – Plataforma Sucupira CNPq), mesmo que em nichos de abordagem diferentes, observando que grande parte das pesquisas coletadas na primeira fase da revisão não contemplavam os critérios de elegibilidade definidos para a proposta do estudo.
A biblioteconomia brasileira na década de 1970
Authors: Tanus Gabrielle Francinne de S. C. , Oliveira Rita de Cássia Gomes de , Araujo Diandra Santiago de
Published: February 2024

A Biblioteconomia é um dos campos científicos das Ciências Sociais que apresenta uma extensa trajetória acadêmica e profissional. São diversas as possibilidades de se estudar a epistemologia de um campo. Aqui nosso foco são os discursos oriundos dos artigos científicos publicados na Revista de Biblioteconomia de Brasília, que teve seu primeiro número em 1973. O recorte para a análise dos artigos foi a década de 1970 e concentrou os artigos que possibilitaram discutir sobre duas categorias: biblioteca e bibliotecário. A pesquisa é considerada exploratória, de cunho bibliográfico, cujo método empregado foi a da análise de conteúdo que possibilitou operacionalizar três fases: pré-análise, exploração do material e tratamento dos resultados. De modo geral, os discursos dos 27 artigos analisados abordaram a importância das bibliotecas, em especial, das bibliotecas públicas, do ensino da Biblioteconomia e da atuação do profissional. Além disso, abordaram a insuficiência de profissionais bibliotecários para execução do projeto de expansão das bibliotecas brasileiras, estas que são indispensáveis para o desenvolvimento econômico e social do país. Esses artigos, publicados dentro do contexto da ditatura civil-militar de 1964-1985, não fizeram qualquer menção a esse acontecimento histórico.
ATUAÇÃO DO ENFERMEIRO NA PROMOÇÃO E NO INCENTIVO AO ALEITAMENTO MATERNO DURANTE O PRÉ-NATAL
Authors: Marques Thalita Thais Araújo , Pereira Gledson de Lima , JARDIM MARA JULYETE ARRAES
Published: February 2024

INTRODUÇÃO: O leite materno é o alimento mais importante e principal fonte de crescimento e desenvolvimento dos lactentes, além dos seus inúmeros benefícios nutricionais para a saúde materno-infantil.
Beyond the Blue Planet: Risk Management Strategies for Space Programs
Authors: YAZICI Ayşe Meriç
Published: February 2024

Space exploration and the expansion of human activities beyond the Earth's atmosphere present unique challenges and risks. As space programs continue to progress, the need for effective risk management strategies becomes increasingly important. This article provides a theoretical review of risk management approaches for space programs by exploring the complex interplay between technological, operational and environmental factors. The theoretical framework presented in this study provides a basis for developing comprehensive risk management strategies for space programs. These strategies can help ensure the safety of astronauts, the success of missions, and the long-term sustainability of space activities by addressing the unique challenges posed by space exploration. In addition, through validation and refinement, the study can serve as a valuable resource for policymakers, space agencies and industry practitioners seeking safe and sustainable space exploration. Space programs are important initiatives where exploration, research and technological advancement come together. However, as such programs require large amounts of investment and complex processes, risk management is of vital importance. The study examines risk management in space programs and presents key findings, implications for future programs and recommendations for improved risk management.
CORRUPTION PREVENTION IN UKRAINE THROUGH THE PRISM OF ELITE MENTALITY
Authors: Busol Оlena , Romanyk Bogdan
Published: February 2024

The article considers the problem of corruption prevention from the perspective of the elite mentality and proves the necessity of cultivating a national anti-corruption culture in Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to consider the problem of corruption prevention from the perspective of the elite psyche and to prove the necessity of cultivating a national anti-corruption culture in Ukraine. Methodology. The synergetic method of scientific cognition allowed to study society and its anti-corruption institutions as a system characterised by transparency, diffusion, irregular connections, functional instability, whose development is non-linear under the influence of a wide range of often random factors, especially in its critical and unstable states. The phenomenological method is used to clarify the nature and mechanism of individual criminal behaviour of a corrupt official, the influence of factors of the fight against corruption crimes on its overall level and the level of effectiveness of the fight against corruption in individual states. The comparative method makes it possible to identify common and special phenomena in different socio-cultural systems through comparison. In the process of writing this article, the authors used philosophical, psychological, sociological and other literature related to the topic of this study, along with scientific works on criminology. Results. The article proves that a huge anti-corruption machine consisting of anti-corruption and repressive bodies with different status, functions and tasks in Ukraine is not an effective tool for fighting corruption. Practical implications. Today, repressive measures in the fight against corruption are effective only when combined with preventive measures. Value/originality. According to the theory proposed by the authors, the mission of social cultivation of the nation should be carried out by its elite. In the long run, the application of preventive measures will lead to the education of a virtuous generation of citizens. Virtuous citizens will form an elite that will cherish anti-corruption values. Conclusion. The authors of the article conclude that among all the ways to respond to such a multifactorial phenomenon as corruption, preventive steps are the most effective and inexpensive for the state. The results of the study will be useful for the governments of other countries that suffer from corruption.