bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Towards a systematic assessment of assay interference: Identification of extensively tested compounds with high assay promiscuity
Authors: Gilberg Erik , Stumpfe Dagmar , Bajorath Jürgen
Published: October 2017

A large-scale statistical analysis of hit rates of extensively assayed compounds is presented to provide a basis for a further assessment of assay interference potential and multi-target activities. A special feature of this investigation has been the inclusion of compound series information in activity analysis and the characterization of analog series using different parameters derived from assay statistics. No prior knowledge of compounds or targets was taken into consideration in the data-driven study of analog series. It was anticipated that taking large volumes of activity data, assay frequency, and assay overlap information into account would lead to statistically sound and chemically meaningful results. More than 6000 unique series of analogs with high hit rates were identified, more than 5000 of which did not contain known interference candidates, hence providing ample opportunities for follow-up analyses from a medicinal chemistry perspective.
On the Origins of Churches and Churchyards of Southern Estonia: The Evidence of Early Grave Finds
Authors: Valk Heiki
Published: October 2017

Data about the earliest history of medieval churches of southernEstonia are fragmentary, being limited to the first mentions ofthe parish, priest or congregation, or to mostly scanty historicalinformation about the architecture. Some information can also beprovided by archaeological grave finds, which often date back furtherthan the first data about the churches.The article presents a brief survey of the finds from the churchyardsof southern Estonia, the area of medieval diocese of Tartu, frombefore ca. 1450 AD. The finds, mostly jewellery and fragments ofcremated bones, show that churches were often built on top of oldcemeteries from the Final Iron Age, whereby the pre-Christianjewellery items, mostly brooches, rings and bracelets, date mainlyfrom the 11th to the early 13th centuries. If the cases in which thearchaeological information is limited or non-existent are excluded,60% of the rural churches of southern Estonia (9 out of 15) were builton pre-Christian cemeteries. The percentage may even be higher,since archaeological data for more than half of the churchyards iseither missing or insufficient for drawing any conclusions. In thecases where major temporal gaps exist between the Final Iron Agefinds and the first written or architectural data about the church,the cemetery probably functioned continuously as a village cemeteryin the Christian period.The pre-Christian origins of the cemeteries in the churchyards indicatethat the local communities were actively involved in choosing thelocations for the churches at the time of Christianization. Place continuityalso shows that, despite the violent nature of Christianization,the natives of southern Estonia did not oppose having Christiansanctuaries built on pre-Christian cemeteries, and evidently, thecontinuous use of the former burial site was considered important.
Familienkapellen auf dem Kirchhof und dem Gutshoffriedhof
Authors: Pius Reet
Published: October 2017

The 1772 cemetery reform of Catherine the Great, Empress of Russia, resulted in great changes in the cemetery culture of Russia’s Baltic provinces. The ban on burials in churches and the vicinity of churches resulted in the rapid development of cemetery parks outside of settlements. The strong political relations of Estonia’s manor owners with the Russian central government resulted in the nobles being given the privilege to establish burial plots in the churchyards, but in Livonia, this was strictly prohibited. Simultaneously with the parish cemeteries, the owners of private manors established family cemeteries on their manors. The new cemeteries were not only places to bury the dead, but, inspired by contemporary poets, they were seen as family altars, which were visited regularly and which was accessed by path that was attuned to contemplation.The cemetery is complex, which includes a garden, chapel and allée, and if possible, a body of water. Noble trees were planted along the path leading to the cemetery. Oaks were preferred, which due their mighty shape were considered to be the symbol of family and nobility. Influenced by the poetry of the Enlightenment, evergreens – silver firs, thuja trees, and spruces – were called “sad trees”. The French poet Jacques Delille, whose works were popular among the Baltic Germans, sees women as mourners. And many family cemeteries were established at the initiative of women. Examples of Ancient Greek architecture, in the form of temples with porticos or antas, or the small-scale copies of the Pantheon from Ancient Rome, dominated in cemetery architecture. The chapel was comprised of underground burial chambers and above-ground memorials. A so-called memorial altar was located in the end wall of the chapel, which have survived until the present day in a few places. The Barclay de Tolly monument is the most majestic in Estonia.Already in the 1830s, the family chapels became memorials and burials no longer took place there. However, chapels continued to be built until in Estonia until the early 20th century.
Childhood As the Main Victim of Total Psychomanipulation: Reflections on the New Textbook
Authors: Гостев Андрей , Gostev Andrey
Published: October 2017

The article is devoted to the analysis of the textbook of V.V. Abramenkova "Social Psychology of Childhood". The author of the article gives a brief account of the sections and main ideas of the book. Particular attention is paid to the influence of the modern information environment and media space (television, the Internet, computer games, mobile phones, etc.) on child development and spiritual and moral development.
Modernization of the Irkutsk Incoherent Scatter Radar
Authors: Кушнарев Дмитрий , Kushnarev Dmitriy , Лебедев Валентин , Lebedev Valentin , Хахинов Виталий , Khakhinov Vitaliy , Евстифеев Сергей , Evstifeev Sergey , Заруднев Виктор , Zarudnev Viktor
Published: October 2017

We present the results of modernization of the Irkutsk Incoherent Scatter Radar’s control and acquisition system. The modernization was carried out using results of space experiments Plasma–Progress and Radar–Progress involving Progress cargo spacecraft. The modernization has improved the accuracy of radar measurements of low-orbit spacecraft. For example, with a signal-to-noise ratio equal to10, the accuracy of range and angle measurements is 100–300 m and 1–5 arc min.
Analysis of Sparse Cutting Planes for Sparse MILPs with Applications to Stochastic MILPs
Authors: Dey Santanu S. , Molinaro Marco , Wang Qianyi
Published: October 2017

In this paper, we present an analysis of the strength of sparse cutting planes for mixed integer linear programs (MILP) with sparse formulations. We examine three kinds of problems: packing problems, covering problems, and more general MILPs with the only assumption that the objective function is nonnegative. Given an MILP instance of one of these three types, assume that we decide on the support of cutting planes to be used and the strongest inequalities on these supports are added to the linear programming relaxation. We present bounds on the ratio of optimal value of the LP relaxation after adding cuts and the optimal value of the MILP that depends only on the sparsity structure of the constraint matrix and the support of sparse cuts selected, that is, these bounds are completely data independent. These results also shed light on the strength of single-scenario cuts for two-stage stochastic MILPs.
Will Ofsted's latest plan create an unofficial fifth school rating?
Authors: Henshaw Pete
Published: October 2017

Under new Ofsted proposals, ‘good’ schools may face a two-year wait if their short inspections are converted to a full Section 5
How high are your student expectations?
Authors: Sherwood Caroline
Published: October 2017

If you think your expectations are high enough, they're not. Caroline Sherwood draws on a wealth of research evidence to look at how our expectations of students affect our teaching and their outcomes
Memory: Sense and sensibility
Authors: Bromley Matt
Published: October 2017

Our series on how students learn continues with advice on creating a positive learning environment in your classroom in order to appeal to pupils' iconic, echoic and haptic memories – and thus make learning stick. Matt Bromley explains
OS OBSTÁCULOS PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO DAS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS SOCIOAMBIENTAIS URBANAS E A DEMOCRACIA PARTICIPATIVA LOCAL
Authors: Pereira Henrique Mioranza Koppe , Pereira Agostinho Oli Koppe , Calgaro Cleide
Published: October 2017

No presente trabalho objetiva-se estudar a democracia participativa seu exercício e obstáculos para o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas socioambientais voltadas ao espaço urbano. Também analisa-se como se dá a participação do cidadão no espaço local. O método utilizado é o analítico. Conclui-se que a participação do cidadão no espaço local é uma das formas de se efeitvar e tornar eficaz as políticas públicas socioambientais voltadas ao meio ambiente urbano.
A AMBIÇÃO DO OURIÇO: UM ENSAIO SOBRE A VERSÃO FINAL DA FILOSOFIA DO DIREITO DE RONALD DWORKIN
Authors: Mello Cláudio Ari , Motta Francisco José Borges
Published: October 2017

Com o presente ensaio, os autores visam a apresentar a estrutura básica do sistema filosófico exposto pelo jusfilósofo norte-americano Ronald Dworkin, ao longo de sua última grande obra, Justice for Hedgehogs, de 2011. O argumento desenvolvido por Dworkin, no citado livro, é composto por três elementos básicos: (i) a tese da independência do valor; (ii) a tese da unidade do valor; (iii) a tese da responsabilidade moral. O texto pretende apresentar estas teses centrais, contextualizando-as com os escritos anteriores de Dworkin, procurando fornecer, ao leitor, uma visão de conjunto do todo de seu trabalho. Com isso, busca-se iluminar aquilo que se pode chamar de versão final da sua célebre teoria do Direito como integridade.
CADASTRO NACIONAL DE DECISõES DE INCONSTITUCIONALIDADE: UMA NOVA FUNÇÃO PARA O CONSELHO NACIONAL DE JUSTIÇA
Authors: Cruz Gabriel Dias Marques da
Published: October 2017

O artigo tem por objetivo reexaminar a análise judicial da criação do Conselho Nacional de Justiça frente ao princípio da separação de poderes, comparando-o com algumas experiências estrangeiras selecionadas. Portanto, primeiramente expõe os principais argumentos utilizados pela mais importante Corte Brasileira para enfrentar a questão. Ademais, a pesquisa propõe a atribuição de uma nova função ao Conselho Nacional de Justiça, contemplando a criação de um Cadastro Nacional de Decisões de Inconstitucionalidade, ferramenta apta a sistematizar decisões proferidas por Juízes e Tribunais em casos concretos na estrutura de fiscalização jurisdicional brasileira. Tal solução pode contribuir para uma nova compreensão da divisão de poderes e para o processo de construção de políticas públicas no Brasil.
CONTEÚDO DO PROVIMENTO DEFINIDO PELA IDENTIFICAÇÃO DO DIREITO FUNDAMENTAL EM DEBATE: UMA FALSA PREMISSA
Authors: Valle Vanice Regina Lírio do
Published: October 2017

A abordagem tradicional sobre a relação entre direitos e provimento jurisdicional que o assegura refere a uma relação causal e dedutiva que se inicia no primeiro, predeterminando o último. A subvalorização da operação de delimitação de conteúdo do provimento é vista como modo de prevenir uma contaminação de preocupações operacionais associadas à enunciação da ordem. Este artigo demonstra a inadequação de um entendimento que situa nos direitos a inteira definição da resposta judicial para uma violação reclamada quando se cuida de direitos socioeconômicos. A indeterminação do conteúdo, atributo desejável dos direitos sociais, requer mais da adjudicação do que uma operação dedutiva. Baseado numa revisão bibliográfica, o artigo aplica o método crítico-analítico para demonstrar a inadequação da posição centrada nos direitos na busca do objetivo da efetividade dos direitos socioeconômicos. Juízes, quando decidindo, interferem numa discussão em curso quanto ao seu conteúdo, o que pode não se revelar favorável à efetividade.
Avaliação da vulnerabilidade natural à contaminação do sistema aquífero Serra Geral no Estado do Paraná – Brasil
Authors: Borges Vinícius Menezes , Athayde Gustavo Barbosa , Reginato Pedro Antônio Roehe
Published: October 2017

As águas subterrâneas são uma importante fonte de abastecimento humano, entretanto, estão se tornando cada vez mais expostas à poluição devido à urbanização, desenvolvimento industrial e expansão agrícola. Assim, tornam-se necessárias medidas de proteção aos aquíferos. Neste trabalho é apresentado um estudo em escala regional sobre a vulnerabilidade natural à contaminação das águas subterrâneas do Sistema Aquífero Serra Geral (SASG) no Estado do Paraná. A avaliação foi realizada através dos métodos DRASTIC e GOD com adaptações para aplicação em estudos relacionados a aquíferos fraturados e os métodos foram comparados através da normalização dos valores de vulnerabilidade.O mapa obtido através do método DRASTIC apresentou graus de vulnerabilidade baixa (5,01%), moderada (83,13%) e elevada (11,85%). Já o método GOD apresentou vulnerabilidades baixa (66,21%), moderada (0,67%), alta (14,32%) e extrema (18,81%). O método DRASTIC apresentou maior grau de detalhe na avaliação e mais valores intermediários. Já o método GOD apresentou variação brusca dos índices em muitas regiões devido a parametrização simplificada. Apesar do método DRASTIC apresentar resultados mais satisfatórios, a escolha do método deve estar condicionada à disponibilidade de dados e de recursos humanos e financeiros.
Groundwater recharge estimating in the Serra Geral aquifer system outcrop area - Paraná State, Brazil
Authors: Borges Vinícius Menezes , Fan Fernando Mainardi , Reginato Pedro Antônio Roehe , Athayde Gustavo Barbosa
Published: October 2017

Este trabalho apresenta um estudo da recarga no Sistema Aquífero Serra Geral (SASG) no Paraná. A estimativa foi realizada através da separação do escoamento de base utilizando o Filtro de Eckhardt. Três métodos diferentes foram utilizados para calcular o parâmetro BFImax: Filtro Inverso, Razão Q90/Q50 e ponderação dos valores pré-definidos por Eckhardt, cujos valores obtidos e comparados para cada bacia que abrange o SASG no Paraná. Os valores de recarga obtidos variaram de 156,89 mm/ano a 489 mm/ano, com médias calculadas por Filtro Inverso, Razão Q90/Q50 e Eckhardt Ponderado foram de 355,59 mm/ano, 352,08 mm/ano e 293,81 mm/ano, respectivamente. Os resultados de BFImax sugerem que os valores pré-definidos por Eckhardt para aquíferos fraturados subestimam a recarga em aquíferos vulcânicos. Os valores das taxas de recarga obtidos apresentaram correlação com valores de declividade e tipo de solo na bacia, entretanto, não apresentaram relação com o tipo aquífero (sedimentar ou fraturado). As taxas mais altas foram identificadas em regiões de menor declividade e com ocorrência de latossolo. Estes resultados podem contribuir para uma gestão adequada das águas subterrâneas no Paraná, entretanto, novos estudos são necessários para a validação.
Comprehensive approach for building outline extraction from LiDAR data with accent to a sparse laser scanning point cloud
Authors: Hofman Petr , Potůčková Markéta
Published: October 2017

The method of building outline extraction based on segmentation of airborne laser scanning data is proposed and tested on a dataset comprising 1,400 buildings typical for residential and industrial urban areas. The algorithm starts with setting a special threshold to separate building from bare earth points and low objects. Next, local planes are fitted to each point using RANSAC and further refined by least squares adjustment. A normal vector is assigned to each point. Similarities among normal vectors are evaluated in order to assemble planar or curved roof segments. Finally, building outlines are formed from detected segments using the a-shapes algorithm and further regularized. The extracted outlines were compared with reference polygons manually derived from the processed laser scanning point cloud and orthoimages. Area-based evaluation of accuracy of the proposed method revealed completeness and correctness of 87 % and 97 %, respectively, for the test dataset. The influence of parameters like number of points per roof segment, complexity of the roof structure, roof type, and overlap with vegetation on accuracy was evaluated and discussed.
SUFISME-PERSIA DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP EKSPRESI BUDAYA ISLAM NUSANTARA
Authors: Faiz Fahruddin
Published: October 2017

There are numerous religious and cultural ethnic groups worldwide, many of which have mutual interactions with each other. For hundreds of years, Persian as well as Shi‘a communities have been known as minority groups with considerable influence on some Eastern and Western societies. The following article try to uncover modes of Indonesian Islamic culture, which have influenced by Persian Sufism, along with its Syi’ah tendencies. The purpose of this essay is to display the influence of Persian Sufism in the cultural expressions of Moslems in Indonesia in early Islam era. With this purpose in mind, a comprehensive bibliography of works published related to the issues is presented. An attempt is also made to present the influence of Persian Sufism figures and elements on the historical and modern Indonesian Islam.
METHODOLOGY OF HADITH CONTENT CRITICISM: A Study on the Thought of Salah al-Din bin Ahmad al-Adlabi
Authors: Tangngareng Tasmin
Published: October 2017

This article examines Salah al-Din bin Ahmad al-Adlabi’s thought on the subject of methodology of criticism of the Prophet’s hadith content (matan). Al-Adlabi is a hadith scholar who has significat influence on the research methodology of hadith content. In his work entitled Manhaj Naqd al-Matn ‘Inda ‘Ulama al-Hadith al-Nabawiy, al-Adlabi outlines that the background necessitating the importance of the research methodology of hadith content comprises two factors, namely, there have been occurrences of falsification of the Prophet’s hadith at the time of transmission, and there has been a spread of al-wahm, that is, some errors or mistakes in the transmission of the Prophet’s hadith. To determine the quality of a hadith content, al-Adlabi put forward four standards for the validity of hadith content, they are: a), not contradicting to the instructions of al-Qur`an; b), does not conflict with more authentic hadith; c) does not conflict with a healthy mind, senses and history; d) the composition of its statements does not show the characteristics of prophethood. Al-Adlabi’sthought on the methodology of criticism of hadith content obviously worth further discussion. Hence, further study and deeper digging is required in order to give birth to more accurate, constructive, and comprehensive ideas.
SIGNIFIKANSI ANALISIS ELENKTIK BAGI METODE STUDI AGAMA DI PERGURUAN TINGGI AGAMA ISLAM (PTAI)
Authors: Hamsah Ustadi
Published: October 2017

In the context of modern science, Religious Studies is a branch of science that has been emerged in the “structure of plausibility” of Western traditions. As a scientific knowledge, Religious Studies differs from Theology and Philosophy in which scholars, like Friedrich Max Müller, applied the scientific and empirical method in their research. In this regard, Religious Studies would be a part of “positivistic sciences”. In applying those scientific approaches and methods at the Islamic Studies which has been held in Islamic universities like UIN, IAIN, and STAIN, and other high educations in Indonesia will cause epistemological and axiological problem. Inter-relationship between subject and object is a main obstacle of this discipline. The method of Western sciences is constructed by empirical approach an sich while Islamic scientific tradition reflected by conviction which proved by empirical approach known as sui generis cum doctriner method. According to that problem, by applying Karl Manheim’s ‘structure of plausibility’ and Foucault’s ‘archaeology of knowledge’, this article attempts to explore the roots of epistemology of Religious Studies in Islamic higher education institution. Furthermore, this article also attempts to introduce the analysis model of Religious Studies in the Islamic institution namely elenctic method. This method assumes that religious phenomena can be analyzed by two phases, firstly by describing all of religious phenomena as what is understood by its adherents, and secondly by analyzing those religious phenomena with theoretical approaches
PRINSIP-PRINSIP HUKUM/HAK-HAK KELUARGA DALAM FIKIH JA’FARI & SISTEM SYAR’I REPUBULIK ISLAM IRAN
Authors: Nejad Seyed Ahmad Habib
Published: October 2017

Prinsip sentralitas keluarga dalam sistem hukum Iran dapat banyak membantu keseimbangan kepentingan dalam sistem hukumnya. Hal-hal yang berhubungan dengan ahwal syakhshiyyah, terutama pernikahan, dalam seluruh agama, memiliki relasi yang kuat dengan kayakinan keagamaan. Dari satu sisi, ketidakpedulian terhadap perubahan-perubahan sosial akan memunculkan undang-undang yang mati dan kaku dalam hubungan sosial. Dan dari sisi lain, mengabaikan nilai-nilai keagamaan dan terutama pada perilaku yang memiliki sensitifitas terhadap madzhab akan melahirkan dualitas dalam sistem-sistem yang mendominasi perilaku sosial. Ide sentralitas keluarga, dengan memanfaatkan hukum-hukum fikih dan memperhatikan al-ghayah asy-syar’iyyah dari hukum pernikahan dalam fikih Ja’fari melalui pembaharuannya, relatif dapat memberikan dominasi pandangan terhadap hak-hak keluarga di Iran dalam menghadapi perubahan-perubahan sosial dan mengarahkan kepada sistem tunggal dalam sistem keluarga di tengah masyarakat Iran sebagai negara religius. Prinsip-prinsip hasil istinbath dari referensi-referensi ijtihad menurut maktab fikih Ja’fari dalam bidang hukum/hak-hak keluarga dan dimasukkan dalam UUD Republik Islam Iran, melahirkan dominasi sistem hukum khusus terhadap keluarga. Pasal 10 UUD Republik Islam Iran menjadikan keluarga  sebagai yang terpenting dan pemersatu masyarakat. Maka seluruh undang-undang, aturan dan perencanaan  yang berhubungan dengan itu bertujuan memudahkan pembentukan keluarga dan menjaga kesucian dan kelanggengan hubungan kekeluargaan.
VISIBILITAS HUBUNGAN KEMITRAAN PADA POLA INTERAKSI SUAMI-ISTRI DALAM PANDANGAN AL-SYAFI’I
Authors: Qadafy Mu’ammar Zayn
Published: October 2017

The Perspective of al-Syafi’I on Partnership in Marriage In husband and wife relationships, contemporary couples prefer a partnership pattern rather than one of  leadership. Although the latter is not necessary better than the former, it is obviously more accommodative of modern ideas of justice, egalitarianism and gender equality.  This article aims to explore the connections between household partnership patterns, as fundamental to contemporary Muslim’s, and the traditional Islamic jurisprudence (fikih) most dominant among the diverse adherents of Islam.   More specifically, this research describes al-Syafi`í thought. To explore the partnership patterns of married couples, it elaborates on three points: (1) the meaning of qawwamuna, (2) the concept of bride price and household expenses, and (3) interactions between husband and wife. The primary resource use in this research is al-Umm. This article concludes that Syafi’i jurisprudence implicitly accommodates the idea of partnership between marriage partners, as evident in (1) the acknowledgement of a woman’s right to choose her husband; (2) the bride price, which has both legal, formal and moral implications; (3) the co-understanding of the marriage partners in matters of household expenses and the emphasizing of discussion in solving financial problems; and (4) the use of good reason in dealing with household and personal conflicts.
KEDUDUKAN PEREMPUAN DALAM ISLAM MENURUT MADZHAB JA’FARI
Authors: Sobhaninia Mohammad Taqi
Published: October 2017

Islam telah menganugerahkan identitas yang tinggi dan bermartabat kepada perempuan dengan hukum-hukum  taklif dan akhlak yang mulia, mengeluarkannya dari perbudakan, kehancuran dan hilangnya jati diri, dan memandangnya dengan kemuliaan dan penghormatan di tengah masyarakat ketika tidak seorangpun ingin melahirkan seorang anak perempuan.  Artikel ini membahas perempuan dalam Islam, terutama menurut perspektif madzhab Ja’fari yang akan menjawab pertanyaan-pertanyaan dan problema-problema yang muncul terkait perempuan dan kedudukannya dalam Islam dengan bersandar kepada ayat-ayat al-Quran dan riwayatriwayat. Dengan demikian, Islam telah memberikan kehidupan kepada perempuan. Islam telah merubah tradisi-tradisi terdahulu dan menyebutkan perempuan sebagai penyebab turunnya rahmat Allah swt. Dari satu sisi, membesarkan dan mendidik perempuan dijadikan sebagai sumber kebahagiaan kedua orang tua dan dari sisi lain, Islam memberikan penghormatan kepada seorang ibu dengan ungkapan yang terkenal: “Surga di bawah telapak kaki ibu.”
URGENSI PENCATATAN SIPIL DALAM PEMENUHAN HAK ANAK TELAAH MENURUT IMAM SYAFI’I DAN HAM
Authors: Zamroni Mohammad
Published: October 2017

The Urgency of Civil Registration in the Fulfilment of the Rights of the Child From birth Indonesian children have the basic right to be protected by the State and according to religion. One  of the basic rights of the child is the right to obtain a birth certificate through the civil registration system. In this context, all children are seen to have the same basic human rights, and the same is true according to Islam. For example, there is no differentiation in relation to whether a child is born within marriage or illegitimately. From a human rights perspective, all children have an equal rights. Similarly, in Islamic jurisprudence according to the Imam Shafi’i School there are no limits to the care of a child. Civil registration of birth ensures human rights in relation to social status and individual benefits. The civil registration system gives individuals a unique identity, records the relationship with parents, and provides the foundation for citizenship. Birth certificates provide documentation of the birth of the child and usually one or both parents, which was fundamental to the determination of nationality, depending on the laws of each country. Civil registration is also important in recording death, marriage, divorce and so forth.
TAFSIR AYAT-AYAT GENDER ALA AMINA WADUD PERSPEKTIF HERMENEUTIKA GADAMER
Authors: Irsyadunnas Irsyadunnas
Published: October 2017

In the interpretation of the verses of the Qur’an, gender has undergone considerable  and dynamic developments. The classical commentators tend to interpret verses textually – normatively, while feminists tend to interpret the verses contextually – sociologically. Along with the developments in the methods or approaches to the contemporary interpretation of the Qur’an, one of the methods or approaches used by feminists is hermeneutics. Through this method or approach, Amina Wadud tries to interpret verses related to the creation of women, women’s leadership, and the problems of polygamy. The result is that the origin of human beings, both males and females, came from a single nafs which is part of the system pairs (nafs itself and its zawj). The leadership clause should be understood in the context of society as a whole through the concept of “functionalist”. On polygamy, there is no direct evidence from the Koran about the permissibility of polygamous marriage, especially in regard to the three validations often cited by proponents, namely financial reasons, reasons of infertility, and the reason the fulfillment of lust or sexual needs.
KEBIJAKSANAAN SYARI’AT ISLAM DALAM BERBUSANA ISLAMI SEBAGAI PEMENUHAN HAK-HAK ANAK PEREMPUAN
Authors: Akbar Eliyyil
Published: October 2017

Dressing in unwelcome contemporary fashion to mistakenly conceal one’s identity in the name  of beauty is one of the causal factors of moral degradation threatening our young generation. To establish their identity and charming personality, many young girls perform malfunction of what they should politely and proportionally wear for the sake of the latest mode and art although they have to break religious laws and teachings. To deal with this phenomenon, regions governed under Islamic law establish suitable fashion criteria and administer mild punishment to whoever violates the policy. Some opponents of the rule have voice protest against it, claiming that it violates women’s right to express their style through fashion. It is widely known that there are some ill-conceived policies stirring up violence against the human rights. However, some policies formulated by Islamic legal administers in Takengon, Central Aceh, have granted women the right to wear the fashion of their choice. Here, the author wants to impart the wisdom of Islamic law in setting down the rule on fashion and in giving young women their rights. The wisdom can act as guidance for lawmakers against the formulation of divisive policies violating human rights. The rule on Islamic fashion in this discussion is based on the Syafi’i teaching that women must cover up their entire body except for the face and the palms of the hands. The wisdom of the Islamic rule is that it reminds and urges young girls to confide in their parents to ensure that their existence as women is protected.
The relationship between mobbing and organizational cynicism: An empirical study
Authors: Bedük Aykut , Eryeşil Kemalettin , Duran Altınışık Gülten
Published: October 2017

Today, one must pay attention to all kinds of issues held the sustainable competitive advantage of the organization to survive are mobbing and organizational cynicism. Mobbing and review of the literature on the effect of organizational commitment, cynicism and the impact on overall business performance and organizational cynicism and psychological effects of violence were found in the study of the relationship between. Hence the study "Is it cynicism triggers mobbing organizational sense?" is responding to basic research questions. In this study, mobbing him with cynicism and organizational dimensions (cognitive, emotional and behavioral) were studied to determine the relationship between and direction. The study is an empirical research quality. As data collection tool questionnaire was used. The universe of this research is composed of the faculty members and lecturers of the four vocational high schools which are affiliated to Konya Selcuk University center. The obtained results have been found suitable for factor analysis. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted to test the validity of the scale used in the study. Exploratory factor analysis obtained under Kaiser Meyer Olkin (KMO) and Barlett Sphericity Test. Cronbach's alpha coefficients of the scales were studied to examine the level of credibility of the survey. Our research has emerged reliable results. When done correlation analysis results in the overall evaluation, and said that mobbing in organizational cynicism of all sizes have a positive and statistically significant relationship at a high level(r=0,752).
Nie-poetyka, czyli w stronę paratopiczności
Authors: Zaleski Marek
Published: October 2017

Poetics proposed by structuralists at its best did not respect its own premises in a dogmatic manner. It profited knowledge that today’s Theory (or so-called Post-Theory) considers helpful while dealing with the text. Unlike approaches held on metodologically narrow perspective, the heterogenic Post-Theory has a capacity for the reneval because it pays due regard to the consideration of paratopia of literaty text. It often happens that post-Theory is accused of obscurity and hermeticism, but „ignotum per ignotum, obscurum per obscurum rhetorics” is not always a vice, sometimes it seeks to respect the mystery of the text and its secret language.
Odra – rzeka ekoparadygmatyczna
Authors: Barcz Anna
Published: October 2017

The author aims at presenting examples of literary descriptions of Odra flooding (especially in the context of the most recent in 1997 and 2010) and the river regions in the perspective of aquacriticism. This approach belongs to a wider concept of ecocriticism which perceives the river as a key part of environment. The question being posed is what kind of influence can be traced in literary texts representing floods and how does literature influence perception of aquatic catastrophes such as floods. Since flood belongs to the catastrophe discourse, it blurs anthropocentric knowledge on rivers and indicates aquacentric modes of recognition. The ecoparadigmatic role of Odra is indicated by Silesian authors (in the collection Wie die Oder rauscht ) and writers biographically connected with the river (Tokarczuk). The environmental function of the river can be better acknowledged through literary fiction that “gives voice to the river”.
Zbrodnia inkorporowana. O konwencji „paranoicznego gotyku” w Zbrodni z premedytacją Witolda Gombrowicza
Authors: Warkocki Błażej
Published: October 2017

The article presents the analysis and interpretation (in the form of a close reading) of Witold Gombrowicz’s short story The Premeditated Crime from his debut collection Memoirs from a Time of Immaturity , 1933 (later published under the title Bakakaj  or Bacacay  in the English translation). The main theoretical framework is the concept of „paranoid Gothic” by Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick, which is based on the reinterpretation of Sigmund Freud’s classic essay Psychoanalytical comments on autobiographically described paranoia . From that perspective Gombrowicz’s narrative is interpreted as a paranoid homosexual narrative, and paranoia itself as a form of love.
Eseiści kondycji żydowskiej – po Zagładzie: Maurice Blanchot i Bogdan Dawid Wojdowski
Authors: Kuczyńska-Koschany Katarzyna
Published: October 2017

The main object of the author’s reflection is the Jewish situation after the Holocaust expressed in the genre of literary essay. The thoughts of Maurice Blanchot and Bogdan Dawid Wojdowski – both prominent essayists – are taken into consideration as an example. Whereas the French writer’s reflections on the Jewish situation are part of his observations about the category of infinity, the Polish essayist’s realizations are intermingled with his own tragic fate as a Jew. Blanchot and Wojdowski wrote after the Holocaust, which is an unique turning point in history for the Jews and their diaspora as well as for the Mediterranean culture.
O sztuce „nieczystej”, różnie rozumianych obrazach i konkurencyjnych modelach ich interpretacji
Authors: Stankowska Agata
Published: October 2017

The paper is devoted to the chosen aspects of varied models of defining the image and research practices created by the contemporary art studies – Visual Culture Studies,  anthropologically oriented Bildwissenschaft  and the French pictorial semiology. What they all have in common is interdisciplinarity that constitutes a response to the „impurity” of art, trespassing its own borders, being autocritical and exposing not only the artistic, but also political, religious, existential and biological status of the image.
Poza metaforą – autyzm jako impas hermeneutyczny w powieści postkolonialnej
Authors: Kołodziejczyk Dorota
Published: October 2017

A lot of postcolonial novels feature characters with disordered communication, unable to express their will, existing outside of language. These most often unnamed traces of autism and/or intellectual disability become in fictional narrative an element disturbing the expected outcome of postcolonial vindications, out of which the most important is regaining by a marginalized character the sense of subjectivity, realized as a possibility to tell one’s own story. Basing on Ato Quayson’s concept of “aesthetic nervousness”, the article traces how literary and cultural representations of disability introduce into a text affective-cognitive mechanisms which reveal, as Ato Quayson says, “heremeneutic impasse” caused by a confrontation of the norm with disability. This blocked path of text interpretation poses the radical example of untranslatability which will not be abated or compensated by the effort to substitute lack represented by the autistic subject (lack of speech, communication, subjectivity – in general – lack of participation in the universe of interlocution, as Seyla Benhabib calls it). Hermeneutic impasse is, then, inscribed in the very narrative structure featuring an autistic character. On the basis of J. M. Coetzee’s novels, the article analyses this impasse as resistance that untranslatability poses against the attempts to understand, that is, represent, such a subject. These attempts, ethical as to their purpose, end up, however, in containment.
The Analysis of the Possibility of Using Viola-Jones Algorithm to Recognise Hand Gestures in Human-Machine Interaction
Authors: Golański Piotr , Szczekala Marek
Published: October 2017

The article concerns the issue of applying computer-aided systems of the maintenance of technical objects in difficult conditions. Difficult conditions shall be understood as these in which the maintenance takes place in a specific location making it hard or even preventing from using a computer. In these cases computers integrated with workwear should be used, the so-called wearable computers, with which the communication is possible by using hand gestures. The results of the analysis of the usefulness of one of methods of image recognition based on Viola-Jones algorithm were described. This algorithm enables to obtain the model of recognised image which might be used as a pattern in the application programme detecting a certain image.
Modification of TiN coatings by Ion Implantation
Authors: Narojczyk Jerzy , Morozow Dmitrij
Published: October 2017

The high-speed steel HS 6-5-2 cutting inserts coated with TiN were subjected to ion implantation with both silicon (dose 2×1017Si+/cm2) and silicon with nitrogen ions (dose (1+1)×1017(Si+ + N+)/cm2) on the subsurface layer of the rake face. Microhardness was examined before and after ion implantation. The composition and structural properties of the subsurface layer were examined by Glow Discharge Optical Emission Spectroscopy (GD-OES). The turning tests of 40H construction steel with the use of the cutting inserts implanted and non-implanted were performed. During the tests the two components of the net cutting force (the main cutting force Fc and feed force Ff) as well as the wear parameters VB on the major flankalong with the surface roughness (Ra) were measured. The implanted inserts exhibited higher durability compared to non-implanted ones.
Minimal Kinematic Boundary Conditions for Computational Homogenization of the Permeability Coefficient
Authors: Wojciechowski Marek
Published: October 2017

In the paper, computational homogenization approach is used for recognizing the macroscopic permeability from the microscopic representative volume element (RVE). Flow of water, at both macro and micro level, is assumed to be ruled by Darcy law. A special averaging constraint is used for numerical flow analysis in RVE, which allows to apply macroscopic pressure gradient without the necessity to use directly Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions. This approach allows arbitrarily shaped representative volumes and eliminates undesirable boundary effects. Generated effective permeability takes into account the structuring effects, what is an advantage over other homogenization methods, like self-consistent one.
Magnetostatic Analysis of a Pinch Mode Magnetorheological Valve
Authors: Gołdasz Janusz , Sapiński Bogdan
Published: October 2017

The study deals with the pinch mode of magnetorheological (MR) fluids’ operation and its application in MR valves. By applying the principle in MR valves a highly non-uniform magnetic field can be generated in flow channels in such a way to solidify the portion of the material that is the nearest to the flow channel’s walls. This is in contrary to well-known MR flow mode valves. The authors investigate a basic pinch mode valve in several fundamental configurations, and then examine their magnetic circuits through magnetostatic finite-element (FE) analysis. Flux density contour maps are revealed and basic performance figures calculated and analysed. The FE analysis results yield confidence in that the performance of MR pinch mode devices can be effectively controlled through electromagnetic means.
Influence of Terfenol-D Powder Volume Fraction in Epoxy Matirx Composites on their Magnetomechanical Properies
Authors: Mech Rafał , Kaleta Jerzy
Published: October 2017

In this paper the investigations of magnetostriction as well as DC magnetic properties for composites doped with Terfenol-D particles are presented. All investigations were performed for the materials with 35%, 46% and 70% volume fraction of the Terfenol-D particles surrounded by epoxy matrix. Moreover, the bulk Terfenol-D alloy was tested. The obtained results show that the magnetization of the composite materials increases with increasing the volume fraction of Terfenol-D particles. Similar dependence as for magnetization was observed for the magnetostriction measurements. Although the magnetostriction of composite material is smaller than for solid Terfenol-D it is still tens of times bigger than in case of traditional magnetostrictive materials. Obtained results gives opportunity to use these materials for variety applications such as actuators and sensors.
Light Conditions, Soil Moisture, and Vegetation Cover in Artificial Forest Gaps in Western Hungary
Authors: Kollár Tamás
Published: October 2017

One of the greatest challenges of continuous cover forest management is to find a suitable gap size in a given forest stand that will help the regeneration of economically significant tree species, and possibly control competitor species. This paper summarizes the results of a two-year intensive mapping of various bearing artificial gaps at two sites in western Hungary: a sessile-oak-hornbeam and a Turkey oak forest. Light conditions and soil moisture were measured in the gaps as abiotic variables. Hemispherical photography and a Field Scout TDR 300 Soil Moisture Meter were used. Vegetation cover as well as quantity and height of the regeneration were measured as biotic variables. There are significant differences between the middle of a gap and the closed canopy forest stands. The maximum light intensity below the canopy shows a slight northward dislocation. Correlation analysis results showed that a gap’s slight, northward irradiation surplus effected soil moisture, regeneration heights, and total vegetation cover less than a gap’s real shape and size, ergo, its openness did.
Energy Grass as Raw Material for MDF Production
Authors: Alpár Tibor L. , Markó Gábor
Published: October 2017

Medium density fiberboards are widely produced and used in Europe. The main raw materials used in Hungary are beech (Fagus sylvatica), hornbeam (Carpinus betulus), poplar (Populus spp.) and pine (Pinus spp.). Governmental subsidizing of biomass for power plants has created economic pressure and a shortage of wood prompting a major producer of energy grass to initialize a project to examine the possibility for the production of MDF from energy grass “Szarvasi-1” (Elymus elongatus (Agropyron elongatum) cv. Szarvasi-1). Prior to this, no research results on the experimental production of MDF from energy grass had been published. In our research study, energy grass was defibrated and MDF boards were produced with the use of different adhesives. Standard tests were completed to evaluate the suitability of this alternate raw material in MDF production. The best result was achieved with phenol formaldehyde (PF) adhesive.
Testing the Photostability of Acetylated and Boiled Linseed Oil-coated Common Hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.) Wood
Authors: Fodor Fanni , Németh Róbert
Published: October 2017

In this study, the effect of acetylation and coating with boiled linseed oil was evaluated concerning the photodegradation of common hornbeam wood (Carpinus betulusL.). To measure colour stability, a 10-month-long outdoor weather resistance test without soil contact was performed as well as artificial aging using a 200 hour mercury-vapour lamp irradiation test. The measurements were done on hornbeam, acetylated hornbeam, boiled linseed oil-treated hornbeam, and acetylated and boiled linseed oil-treated hornbeam samples. The control and treated samples’ colour change was determined by comparing them to the original colour in all cases. The photodegradation process was examined with Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra. Acetylated hornbeam was less prone to crack, but the modification did not hinder the fading and greying caused by UV irradiation. Coating the samples with boiled linseed oil decreased the rate of colour change and cracking. The photodegradation of lignin was confirmed by the FTIR spectra.
Effect of different levels of nitrogen on the total polyphenol and total flavonoid content of sorghum and millet flours
Authors: Jevcsák Sz. , Murányi E. , Stündl L. , Jóvér J. , Sipos P.
Published: October 2017

Cereals are the most important food sources worldwide. Nowadays, there is an increase in the interest for sorghum and millet grains due to their nutritional quality and health benefits. Our aim was to determine the total polyphenol (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of sorghum and millet flours, influenced with different levels of nitrogen. The TPC of flours varied between 38.45 and 375.80 mg GAE/100g of the selected cereal flours. The TFC ranged from 106.26 to 117.93 mg CE/100g in sorghum and millet flours.