bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Question Order on Outcomes in the Core Outcome Set for Brief Alcohol Interventions Among Online Help-Seekers: Protocol for a Factorial Randomized Trial
Authors: Bendtsen Marcus , Garnett Claire , Toner Paul , Shorter Gillian W
Published: November 2020

Background

A core outcome set (COS) for trials and evaluations of the effectiveness and efficacy of alcohol brief interventions (ABIs) has recently been established through international consensus to address the variability of outcomes evaluated.

Objective

This is a protocol for studies to assess if there are order effects among the questions included in the COS.

Methods

The 10 items of the COS are organized into 4 clusters. A factorial design will be used with 24 arms, where each arm represents 1 order of the 4 clusters. Individuals searching online for help will be asked to complete a questionnaire, and consenting participants will be randomized to 1 of the 24 arms (double-blind with equal allocation). Participants will be included if they are 18 years or older. The primary analyses will (1) estimate how the order of the clusters of outcomes affects how participants respond and (2) investigate patterns of abandonment of the questionnaire.

Results

Data collection is expected to commence in November 2020. A Bayesian group sequential design will be used with interim analyses planned for every 50 participants completing the questionnaire. Data collection will end no more than 24 months after commencement, and the results are expected to be published no later than December 2023.

Conclusions

Homogenizing the outcomes evaluated in studies of ABIs is important to support synthesis, and the COS is an important step toward this goal. Determining whether there may be issues with the COS question order may improve confidence in using it and speed up its dissemination in the research community. We encourage others to adopt the protocol as a study within their trial as they adopt the ORBITAL (Outcome Reporting in Brief Intervention Trials: Alcohol) COS to build a worldwide repository and provide materials to support such analysis.

Trial Registration

ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN17954645; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN17954645

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/24175
The Effect of Question Order on Outcomes in the Core Outcome Set for Brief Alcohol Interventions Among Online Help-Seekers: Protocol for a Factorial Randomized Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Bendtsen Marcus , Garnett Claire , Toner Paul , Shorter Gillian W
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

A core outcome set (COS) for trials and evaluations of the effectiveness and efficacy of alcohol brief interventions (ABIs) has recently been established through international consensus to address the variability of outcomes evaluated.

OBJECTIVE

This is a protocol for studies to assess if there are order effects among the questions included in the COS.

METHODS

The 10 items of the COS are organized into 4 clusters. A factorial design will be used with 24 arms, where each arm represents 1 order of the 4 clusters. Individuals searching online for help will be asked to complete a questionnaire, and consenting participants will be randomized to 1 of the 24 arms (double-blind with equal allocation). Participants will be included if they are 18 years or older. The primary analyses will (1) estimate how the order of the clusters of outcomes affects how participants respond and (2) investigate patterns of abandonment of the questionnaire.

RESULTS

Data collection is expected to commence in November 2020. A Bayesian group sequential design will be used with interim analyses planned for every 50 participants completing the questionnaire. Data collection will end no more than 24 months after commencement, and the results are expected to be published no later than December 2023.

CONCLUSIONS

Homogenizing the outcomes evaluated in studies of ABIs is important to support synthesis, and the COS is an important step toward this goal. Determining whether there may be issues with the COS question order may improve confidence in using it and speed up its dissemination in the research community. We encourage others to adopt the protocol as a study within their trial as they adopt the ORBITAL (Outcome Reporting in Brief Intervention Trials: Alcohol) COS to build a worldwide repository and provide materials to support such analysis.

CLINICALTRIAL

ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN17954645; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN17954645

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/24175
Sex Differences in Electronic Health Record Navigation Strategies: Secondary Data Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Seifer Daniel R , Mcgrath Karess , Scholl Gretchen , Mohan Vishnu , Gold Jeffrey A
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Use of electronic health records (EHRs) has increased dramatically over the past decade. Their widespread adoption has been plagued with numerous complaints about usability, with subsequent impacts on patient safety and provider well-being. Data in other fields suggest biological sex impacts basic patterns of navigation in electronic media.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to determine whether biological sex impacted physicians’ navigational strategies while using EHRs.

METHODS

This is a secondary analysis of a prior study where physicians were given verbal and written signout, and then, while being monitored with an eye tracker, were asked to review a simulated record in our institution’s EHR system, which contained 14 patient safety items. Afterward, the number of safety items recognized was recorded.

RESULTS

A total of 93 physicians (female: n=46, male: n=47) participated in the study. Two gaze patterns were identified: one characterized more so by saccadic (“scanning”) eye movements and the other characterized more so by longer fixations (“staring”). Female physicians were more likely to use the scanning pattern; they had a shorter mean fixation duration (P=.005), traveled more distance per minute of screen time (P=.03), had more saccades per minute of screen time (P=.02), and had longer periods of saccadic movement (P=.03). The average proportion of time spent staring compared to scanning (the Gaze Index [GI]) across all participants was approximately 3:1. Females were more likely than males to have a GI value <3.0 (P=.003). At the extremes, males were more likely to have a GI value >5, while females were more likely to have a GI value <1. Differences in navigational strategy had no impact on task performance.

CONCLUSIONS

Females and males demonstrate fundamentally different navigational strategies while navigating the EHR. This has potentially significant impacts for usability testing in EHR training and design. Further studies are needed to determine if the detected differences in gaze patterns produce meaningful differences in cognitive load while using EHRs.
Turn on, Tune in, and Drop out: Predictors of Attrition in a Prospective Observational Cohort Study on Psychedelic Use (Preprint)
Authors: Hübner Sebastian , Haijen Eline , Kaelen Mendel , Carhart-Harris Robin Lester , Kettner Hannes
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

The resurgence of research and public interest in the positive psychological effects of psychedelics, together with advancements in digital data collection techniques, have brought forth a new type of research design, which involves prospectively gathering large-scale naturalistic data from psychedelic users; that is, before and after the use of a psychedelic compound. A methodological limitation of such studies is their high attrition rate, particularly owing to participants who stop responding after initial study enrollment. Importantly, study dropout can introduce systematic biases that may affect the interpretability of results.

OBJECTIVE

Based on a previously collected sample (baseline n=654), here we investigated potential determinants of study attrition in web-based prospective studies on psychedelic use.

METHODS

Logistic regression models were used to examine demographic, psychological trait and state, and psychedelic-specific predictors of dropout. Predictors were assessed 1 week before, 1 day after, and 2 weeks after psychedelic use, with attrition being defined as noncompletion of the key endpoint 4 weeks post experience.

RESULTS

Predictors of attrition were found among demographic variables including age (β=0.024; P=.007) and educational levels, as well as personality traits, specifically conscientiousness (β=–0.079; P=.02) and extraversion (β=0.082; P=.01). Contrary to prior hypotheses, neither baseline attitudes toward psychedelics nor the intensity of acute challenging experiences were predictive of dropout.

CONCLUSIONS

The baseline predictors of attrition identified here are consistent with those reported in longitudinal studies in other scientific disciplines, suggesting their transdisciplinary relevance. Moreover, the lack of an association between attrition and psychedelic advocacy or negative drug experiences in our sample contextualizes concerns about problematic biases in these and related data.
Pengembangan Website Informasi Sekolah di SMP Negeri 2 Kalimanah, Purbalingga
Authors: Indra Kurniawan Yogiek , Chasanah Nur , Nofiyati Nofiyati
Published: November 2020

Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri (SMP N) 2 Kalimanah is a secondary school located in the Kalimanah area, Purbalingga, Central Java. Based on observations and interviews that have been conducted, there are problems at the school, namely regarding the promotion and dissemination of information outside the school which is still lacking because at this time it is only focused on posters and wall magazines. The solution that can be given at SMP N 2 Kalimanah is to create a school information website that specifically displays information for SMP N 2 Kalimanah. With the website, the school can connect more easily with parties outside the school because the website can be accessed by everyone anywhere and anytime as long as it is connected to an internet connection. The service activities are divided into several stages, namely need assessment, application implementation, presentation and website training to teachers, as well as simulation and testing. The result of this activity is a school information website at SMP N 2 Kalimanah that can display news, photos, and activities in the school environment to the wider community. In addition, based on the tests that have been carried out, 95% of respondents stated that the school information website had succeeded in solving the problems of promotion and news delivery at SMP N 2 Kalimanah.
Does the legal profession have a future?
Authors:   ‘Invest-Foresight’ digital media, GENKIN ARTEM S. , MIKHEEV ALEXEY A. ,   University MFA of Russia
Published: November 2020

Due to the development of distributed ledger technology and other related innovative technologies, in the coming years we will face the disappearance of many old management functions – and the emergence of new ones. The future of the profession of notary is only one private case within a truly global trend. At the XI Gaidar Forum, in January 2020, the section ‘Legal Education and the Labour Market. Transforming or stagnating in the digital economy?’ was devoted to this topic. The article provides a number of examples of how various digital technologies help to more effectively implement the functions performed by ‘human lawyers’. Chat bot robots are considered, which are increasingly being used in a number of sectors to perform legal tasks. Examples (in particular, the UAE) are given as governments try to simplify the work of their legal services using the latest technologies. The authors conclude that lawyers will have to obtain interdisciplinary competence in the near future. They stand in solidarity with Elon R. Musk’s view on the need for proactive AI regulation. The issue of correlation of legal norms and requirements of a new technological order in the article is illustrated by an example of a confrontation between the California Department of Motor Vehicles and the state attorney general with Uber over the activities of its self-driving cars. In conclusion, the authors urge to combine efforts and assess the consequences that the emergence of digital technologies has for the legal market and for the legal education market.
From total supervision to smart control
Authors:   Control Department of the President of the Russian Federation, LETUNOVSKY VALENTIN V.
Published: November 2020

The article is based on the author’s presentation at the Gaidar Forum – 2020 titled ‘From Total Supervision to Smart Control: Issues of Methodology, Theory, and Practice’ in the framework of the expert discussion ‘How Regulatory Enforcement Has Changed: Citizen Perspective’. The author’s position is presented in support of the need for a consistent distinction between control and supervision, including in terms of evaluating their effectiveness, which is currently carried out virtually syncretically in relation to the control and supervision activities of the state. The article formulates the methodological and theoretical model for differentiating control and supervision, its dynamics based on the potential of digital technologies. Based on the results of analytical reports of both state structures and the expert community, the author concludes that it is necessary to adjust the regulatory framework of control and supervisory activities with a mandatory value reorientation of control and supervisory authorities from punitive ideology to the protection and maintenance of the interests of citizens and businesses. It is noted that the synergetic effect at the next stage of development of control and supervisory activities can be provided by a combination of technological and legal approaches and the ‘intersection’ of law-making and law enforcement. Expanding digitalization will allow smart control to replace comprehensive supervision, which will provide a more effective management and control system. According to the author, the practice of total, mandatory, continuous supervision will finally become a thing of the past. The basis of the new control will be a special digital plat
On specificity of national economic models in the post-Soviet countries
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, VARDOMSKY LEONID B. , TURAEVA MADINA O. ,   Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: November 2020

The article attempts to identify the types of models used in countries and to establish which of them and in which countries have been most successful. The study of economic development models used in different countries is important firstly, to identify the most successful world practices for their development and application. It is also necessary for building economic relations and expanding mutually beneficial cooperation with countries for mutual adaptation of economies. This is especially important within the framework of integration associations that require coordination of programs and strategies for the socio-economic development of the participating countries. In theoretical terms, this explains the nature of economic development or stagnation, helps understanding of how to adjust the models of national development. In our view, the economic model is the result of linking, through the appropriate institutions, the goals of national socio-economic development with the available material and intellectual resources, peculiarities of the geo-economic position, cultural traditions, on the one hand, and trends in the development of world politics and economics, national security issues on the other. Post-Soviet countries have common initial conditions for the formation of sovereign economies. The movement towards the polycentric structure of the world economy is aggravating international political and economic relations. The coronavirus pandemic has raised the profile of the quality of governance and hit the incomes of both hydrocarbon producing countries and exporters of labor and services.
Evolution of the public administration system. The Republic of Estonia
Authors:   European Parliament, TOOM YANA , KOMLEVA VALENTINA V. ,   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
Published: November 2020

The article studies the main stages and features of the evolution of the public administration system in the Republic of Estonia after 1992. This paper presents brief geographical and socio-economic characteristics that largely determine the development of the country’s public administration. The evolution of the institution of the presidency, executive, and legislative powers are considered. The role of parliament and mechanisms for coordinating the interests of different groups of the population for the development of the country is especially emphasized. The authors analyze the state and administrative reforms of recent years, which were aimed at improving the quality of services provided to the population, increasing the competitiveness of different parts of Estonia, as well as optimizing public spending and management structure. The introduction of digital technologies into the sphere of public administration, healthcare, education, and the social sphere is of a notable place. Such phenomena as e-residency, e-federation, and other digital projects are considered. The development of a digital system of interstate interaction between Estonia and Finland made it possible to create the world’s first e-federation, and the digitization of all strategically important information and its transfer to cloud storage speaks of the creation of the world’s first e-residency, a special residence of data outside the country’s borders to ensure digital continuity and statehood in the event of critical malfunctions or external threats.
A Service Evaluation to Determine the Efficacy of a Specialist Service for Adults with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Norfolk and Waveney
Authors: Wilson Danielle , Riches Lisa
Published: November 2020

Rationale, aims & objectives: This evaluation was carried out in order
to determine the efficacy of the Norfolk and Waveney Adult ADHD Service.
With the service not commissioned to offer non-pharmacological support,
and with a gap in the research literature, evidence on whether the
service model was effective at reducing the impact of ADHD symptoms on
service users was needed in order to justify longer term commissioning.
Method: Case notes of 113 individuals going through their medication
titration process were observed. Scores from the Weiss Functional
Impairment Rating Scale (WFIRS), which was routinely collected in the
service pre- and post- titration onto ADHD medication, were recorded for
comparison. Results: A T test revealed significant improvements in
functioning across all domains of the WFIRS after successful titration
onto ADHD medication. However, 19.5% of the sample disengaged from the
service prior to completing titration. A further 12.5% of the sample
did not complete titration due to various factors discussed. Conclusion:
While medication has been shown to be effective at improving impairment
of functioning in adults with ADHD, high levels of disengagement suggest
that more needs to be offered to this population.
Lung disease due to FLNA mutation improved after shunt closure for congenital heart disease
Authors: Mori Satomi , Tanoue Koji , Shimizu Hiroyuki , Nagafuchi Hiroyuki , Kim Ki , Murakami Hiroaki , Kurosawa Kenji , Matsui Kiyoshi
Published: November 2020

The FLNA gene encodes filamin A, an actin filament cross-linking protein
that is ubiquitously expressed within the body. FLNA mutation causes
periventricular nodular heterotopia (PVNH) and congenital heart disease.
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) related to FLNA mutation has also been
reported from 2011 and can be lethal. However, there are no reports of
how to combine the treatment of heart disease with the conflicting
treatment of lung disease. We herein report cases of two girls with FLNA
mutation and both ILD and left-to-right shunts due to congenital heart
disease. They presented with respiratory symptoms in early infancy and
required management with long-term intubation and ventilation. However,
their respiratory status improved subsequent to the closure of their
left-to-right shunts even though they were small shunts with improvement
in pulmonary hypertension. This suggests that early intervention with
closure of cardiac shunts can prevent further deterioration of lung
damage.
Budget impact analysis of Intravenous Magnesium Sulfate for Treating Asthma Exacerbations in Children
Authors: Guerrer Diana , Buendia Jefferson
Published: November 2020

Intravenous Magnesium SulfateIV was cost-saving in emergency settings
for treating children with asthma exacerbations. This shift in treatment
approach proved to be economically favorable, reducing the cost of
hospitalization and mechanical ventilation
Numerical Investigation on the Effects of Tensioning on the Dynamic Performance of a Pantograph
Authors: Adoh lucky , Mutswatiwa Lovejoy , Nkundineza Celestin
Published: November 2020

The aim of this analysis was to model the pantograph - catenary system
at static equilibrium and provide analytical solutions by computing the
natural frequencies of the system, mode functions, equivalent stiffness
of the catenary system and the deflections of the catenary wire as a
function of position, time and tensioning force. Furthermore, dynamic
analysis was conducted analytically and the results of the dynamic
performance were obtained. It was shown that the dynamic response of the
catenary system is dependent on the design parameters in which
tensioning force is included. It was also shown that low tensioning
forces result in high risk of contact loss and increased wave
propagation in the catenary wire while high tensioning forces result in
increased static stresses in the catenary system. The results in this
article can be used to select optimum tensioning forces and design
parameters for desired pantograph-catenary dynamic performance.
ISPH simulations of natural convection from heated rotating paddles on a circular cylinder inside a cross-shaped cavity filled with a nanofluid
Authors: Aly Abdelraheem Mahmoud , Mahmoud Ehab
Published: November 2020

The numerical simulations of the uniform circular rotation of paddles on
circular cylinder results natural convection flow of Al2O3-water in a
cross-shaped porous cavity were performed by incompressible
representation of smoothed particle hydrodynamics entitled ISPH method.
The two vertical area of a cross-shaped cavity is saturated with
homogeneous porous media and the whole horizontal area of a cross-shaped
cavity is saturated with heterogeneous porous media. The inner paddles
on the circular cylinder are rotating around their center by a uniform
circular velocity. The whole embedded body of paddles on a circular
cylinder has temperature Th. The wall-sides of a cross-shaped cavity are
positioned at a temperature Tc. The current geometry can be applied in
analysis and understanding the thermophysical behaviors of the
electronic motors. The angular velocity is taken as ! = 7:15 and
consequently the natural convection case is only considered due to the
low speed of inner rotating shape. The performed simulations are
represented in the graphical for the temperature distributions, velocity
fields and tabular forms for average Nusselt number. The results
revealed that an augmentation on paddle length rises the heat transfer
and speed of fluid flow inside a cross shaped cavity. Also, an
incrementation on Rayleigh number augments the heat transfer and speed
of the fluid flow inside a cross-shaped cavity. The fluid flow is
circulated only around the rotating inner shape when Darcy parameter
decreases to Da = 105. Average Nusselt number Nu enhances by an
increment on the paddle lengths and nanoparticles volume fraction
Engineering design of selecting particle size of gangue under solid backfill mining for protecting water resources
Authors: Zhang Yun , Shan Peng-Fei , Bai Rui , Dai Jing-Jing
Published: November 2020

In view of the ecological environment damages caused by the loss of water
resources and the gangue accumulation during coal mining, this paper
proposed a solid backfill mining method to recover the coal seam under the
water body, which could fundamentally reduce the sinking space of the
overlying strata, and better prevent water-flowing fractures expanding.
Consequently, according to the deformation characteristics of the overlying
strata of the solid backfill mining, a mechanical model was established for
superimposed beams on elastic foundation with simu?lating the expansion
water-flowing fractures under solid backfill mining. A method of calculating
the height of the water-flowing fractured zone was provided, and the
mechanical mechanism of the development of water-flowing fractures in the
overlying strata under solid backfill mining was expressed. Meanwhile, the
backfill rate of the experimental working face was designed as 80% to avoid
the ecological environment damages caused by gangue accumulation. The
stress-strain characteristics of gangue samples under different grading
size schemes were further studied.
A new insight into vector calculus with respect to monotone functions for the complex fluid-flows
Authors: Yang Xiao-Jun
Published: November 2020

In the paper, the Navier-Stokes-type equations of the complex fluid-flows,
the equations of the complex turbulent flows, and Euler-type equations of
the complex fluid-flows based on the theory of the new vector calculus with
respect to monotone functions are investigated for the first time.
A numerical simulation on coal seam gas recovery from high temperature reservoir
Authors: Teng Teng , Zhu Xiao-Yan , Zhang Xiang-Yang , Chen Peng-Fei , Wang Yu-Ming , Fu Hao-Wei
Published: November 2020

The coal seam gas recovery in deep reservoirs often meets high temperature.
The change of temperature can greatly influence gas sorption, and couples
heat transfer with coal deformation and gas-flow. This paper modifies the
conventional Langmuir adsorption equation into a non-isothermal adsorption
equation with a set of experimental data. After then, a fully coupled
thermo-hydro-mechanical model of coal deformation, gas-flow and heat transfer
is established. By using a finite element approach of COMSOL multi-physics, a
numerical simulation of coal seam gas recovery from high temperature
reservoir is subsequently implemented. The results show that the gas pressure
and temperature decrease with production time and increase with the distance
from production well, the reservoir permeability decreases with production
time due to the compaction of increasing effective stress to coal fracture
network, the cumulative gas production increases with production time
exponentially whereas the production efficiency decreases negative
exponentially, that the gas production in earlier 10 years accounts for 80%
of the total production in 30 years. Our fully coupled
thermo-hydro-mechanical model can improve the current understanding of coal
seam gas recovery from high temperature reservoirs.
Euroscepticism 's Impact upon European Union's Foreing Policy
Authors:   National University Ostroh Academy, Yakymchuk Maryna
Published: November 2020

In the article, the author overviews and analyzes the impact of Euroscepticism on EU foreign policy. In particular, we identify the key actors involved in implementing the European common foreign policy and level of their affiliation with the ideas of Euroscepticism. EU Commissioners, the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy and the staff of the European External Action Service are not eurosceptic. However, they do not have sufficient political influence decision making process. Thus, the European Council faces some obstacles achieving a compromise on international relations' issues. The European Parliament is more dependent on the Member States. Positions of the Member States are also different. The countries of Central and Eastern Europe have a much higher level of opposition to strengthening internal integration in foreign policy, but they support EU enlargement. The Nordic countries support the deepening of foreign policy cooperation but are wary of the accession of new members. Therefore, the biggest opposition to the common foreign policy observed in the EU member states. Under the influence of Eurosceptic ideas, they slow down the process of integration. The population supports the common foreign policy with hopes to resolve the migration problem. Besides, citizens believe that common foreign policy can prevent the economic intervention of third countries. Excessive interference in the EU by Russia, China and the United States is also an obstacle to deepening integration. Despite this, European officials and citizens of EU member states support of strengthening cooperation in this area. To sum up, it is difficult to realise a common foreign policy without decreasing level of eurosceptism.
The Pandemic of COVID-19 as the Challenge to Ukrainian Migrant Workers in Poland
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Turchyn Yaryna , Ivasechko Olha ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: November 2020

In the article, the authors analyze the impact of the COVID-19 world pandemic on the employment of Ukrainian migrant workers in Poland. It is noted that the economic situation and the war in the east of Ukraine led to continuous process of labor migration from Ukraine to Poland. The author analyzes basic documents of the migration policy of Ukraine as well as Polish legislation in the field of employment of foreign citizens. It was found that the introduction of quarantine restrictions resulted in mass return of Ukrainian workers from Poland. Special attention is placed on the adoption of the so-called Anti-Crisis Shield and Anti-Crisis Shield 2.0, aimed at mitigating the negative economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland, taking into account interests of foreign workers, including Ukrainian labor migrants, who stayed abroad after quarantine restrictions come into force. Based on sociological research and official statistics, it has been determined that one third of Ukrainian migrant workers in Poland have been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, and some of them complain about income restrictions and reductions. It has been outlined an attitude of Ukrainian migrant workers who left Poland towards their return to work, perception of quarantine restrictions and the main reasons that force them to stay in Ukraine or return to the neighboring country. It is pointed out the volume of private money transfers to Ukraine for the same period in 2019 and 2020 respectively. The author draws conclusions that the COVID-19 world pandemic greatly affected the Ukrainian labor migrants in Poland, forcing them to leave their jobs and return home or stay abroad without actual source of income. It is mentioned that Poland still needs Ukrainian workers, who are especially in demand in the food industry, logistics, woodworking and household appliances.
Evolution and Religious Experience. Review of Johan De Smedt’s and Helen De Cruz’s book "The Challenge of Evolution to Religion". University Printing House, Cambridge, 2020
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Kadykalo Andrii
Published: November 2020

The author of the review analyzes the book that focuses on three challenges of evolution to religion: teleology, origin of a human being, and the evolution of religion itself. De Smedt and Helen De Cruz show how these tensions arise and offer potential responses for religion. Individual religions can meet these challenges, if some of their metaphysical assumptions are adapted or abandoned.
DETEKSI DAN IDENTIFIKASI CITRA DIGITAL JENIS BERAS MENGGUNAKAN METODE ANFIS DAN PREWITT
Authors: Nataraharja Nisrina Hasna , Adam Riza Ibnu , Garno Garno
Published: November 2020

Indonesia termasuk negara penghasil beras terbanyak ketiga di dunia. Berkat itulah terdapat banyak jenis beras di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis beras menggunakan metode Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference (ANFIS) yang dapat dilatih untuk mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis beras. Menggunakan nilai yang terdapat pada ekstraksi ciri bentuk yang meliputi metric dan eccentricity serta ekstraksi ciri tekstur yang meliputi LBP, contrast, correlation, dan energy. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan deteksi tepi Prewitt terhadap akurasi dalam identifikasi jenis beras. Deteksi tepi ini ditambahkan pada pengambilan nilai ekstraksi ciri bentuk. Nilai ekstraksi diambil dari 100 citra latih dan 100 citra uji dengan masing-masing 25 citra per jenis beras. Hasil dari penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa ANFIS terbukti cukup baik dalam mengidentifikasi jenis beras dengan rerata akurasi diatas 70%, sedangkan penggunaan deteksi tepi Prewitt berpengaruh 1-5% terhadap akurasi.
Epidemiology of Canine Mast Cell Tumors in Uruguay
Authors: Denis Alex , Yamasaki Kanji , Cruz Juan Carlos , Verdes José Manuel
Published: November 2020

We examined in the present study main epidemiological features of canine mast cell tumors in Uruguay, principal breeds of occurrence, age, gender, anatomical distributions, and associated differences of pathological grading. During a three-year period, eighty four out of 405 skin specimens of dogs mainly received at the Veterinary Faculty of Montevideo from private clinics were mast cell tumors. Mix-breed dogs were mostly affected, followed by Labrador Retrievers, Boxers, Pit bulls and Golden Retrievers. Age of patients ranged from 3 to 15 years (median 7.9), and the incidence in females was slightly higher than in males. Tumors were more frequent in the trunk, followed by extremities, scrotum and neck. The majority of specimens were of high malignancy.
Designing an Empowerment Model for Iranian Health Centre Managers: A comprehensive study
Authors: Yousef Yaghoobi Fatemeh , Riahi Leila , Tabibi Seyed Jamaleddin , Mahmoodi Majdabadi Farahani Mahmood
Published: November 2020

OBJECTIVES: Empowering managers plays a crucial role in developing the capabilities and competencies of individuals to improve the continuous performance of health center organizations. The purpose of this study is to design a model of empowerment of health center managers in Iran during 2018-2019.
DESIGN: In this applied, exploratory and cross-sectional study, human resource empowerment components were extracted by reviewing the literature and interviewing subject specialists. Then, the conceptual model of the research was designed and the questionnaire was formulated and validated. Data were collected by filling out a questionnaire from a total of 416 managers of health centers selected by stratified random sampling. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis.
RESULTS: In the final model of empowerment of health center managers, five factors were identified as effective factors. The standardized regression coefficients among the contextual, self-efficacy, managerial, organizational-value, and psychological factors with empowerment were 0.98, 0.95, 0.92, 0.90, and 0.76, respectively. The results of confirmatory factor analysis indicate the suitability of the final model of health center managers’ empowerment.
CONCLUSIONS: Due to the influence of contextual, self-efficacy, managerial, organizational-value, and psychological factors in the model approved in this study, the health system senior managers can have a systemic approach to issues. In addition, they can improve managers’ abilities by employing a continuous self-assessment system in health centers, applying the proposed model, improving administrative infrastructure and working environment, paying attention to organizational culture, reward system, participatory management, information sharing, continuous training, and modeling.
Infodemic Monikers in Social Media During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Bhatta Jeevan , Sharma Sharmistha , Kandel Shashi , Nepal Roshan
Published: November 2020

Social media is a common platform that enables its users to share opinions, personal experiences, perspectives with one another instantaneously, globally. It has played a paramount role during pandemics such as COVID-19 and unveiled itself as a crucial means to communicate between the sources and the individuals. However, it also has become a place to disseminate misinformation and fake news rapidly. Infodemic, a plethora of information, some authentic some not makes it even harder to general people to receive factual and trustworthy information when required, has grown to be a major risk to public health and social media is developing as a trendy platform for this infodemic. This commentary aims to explore how social media has affected the current situation. We also aim to share our insight to control this misinformation.  This commentary contributes to evolving knowledge to counter fake news or health-related information shared over various social media platforms.
Covid-19: Moving towards the new normal
Authors: Briggs David
Published: November 2020

Since the last issue when we first spoke of the impact of Covid-19 we continue to be focused on addressing the challenges this virus has on health systems, nation states, communities, and people. The approach of countries and health systems has been variable as has the political interventions and interpretations of policy with some unfortunately placing parochial populism ahead of evidence and common sense......
Pemrosesan Informasi Pandemi Covid-19 dari Facebook
Authors: Setyowati Lenny
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami pengalaman individu dalam memproses informasi tentang Covid-19 dari Facebook. Tipe penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu pemrosesan informasi dalam sistem kognitif individu dimulai sejak individu terterpa informasi yang berkaitan dengan Covid-19. Informasi tentang Covid-19, mendorong terjadinya involuntary attention individu, karena pada awalnya individu dihadapkan pada situasi unaware, yang menganggap bahwa informasi mengenai Covid-19 bukan sebagai informational goal sehari-hari. Pada perkembangannya, informasi tentang Covid-19 mulai ditempatkan sebagai informasi yang perlu diakses. Sejumlah informasi dapat menarik perhatian individu, sehingga mendorong motivasi mereka untuk mengikuti perkembangan informasi tersebut. Selain itu, kehadiran informasi-informasi tentang Covid-19 juga mendorong rasa penasaran dan menyebabkan cognitive dissonance pada individu. Informasi-informasi tentang Covid-19 yang disaring individu dalam sistem kognitif, mendorong pembentukan struktur kognitif dan sikap individu. Terdapat tiga pemaknaan mengenai hoaks tentang Covid-19 yang dipahami individu, yang secara dominan diperoleh melalui Facebook. Namun demikian, hoaks tentang Covid-19 juga ditransmisikan melalui (grup) WhatsApp, Twitter, word of mouth (WOM), bahkan portal berita online.
Optimalisasi Media Online Sebagai Solusi Promosi Pemasaran Umkm Di Semarang Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Pasaribu Rotumiar
Published: November 2020

Masa pandemi Covid-19 menjadi masa yang sulit bagi beberapa aspek termasuk dunia pemasaran. Hal tersebut juga dirasakan oleh para pelaku usaha UMKM. Melalui pendampingan bagi beberapa mitra pada Mata Kuliah Komunikasi Pemasaran maka penting untuk mencari tahu apakah penggunaan media online dapat membantu pertahanan dan perjalanan hidup UMKM. Tolok ukur yang digunakan untuk mencari tahu ketepatan penggunaan media online dapat dilihat dari segi mode transmisi, waktu, konteks, format dan reception. Responden yang menjadi mitra penelitian adalah para pelaku UMKM yang baru menjalankan usahanya dan belum memiliki mode pemasaran yang stabil. Selain itu, pemilihan responden juga dilihat dari merosotnya penjualan selama masa pandemi Covid-19 ini muncul. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media online memberikan dapak positif bagi stabilitas kehidupan usaha. Kombinasi dari mode transmisi, waktu, konteks dan format yang tepat pada media online ini menghasilkan dampak positif pada timbal balik, baik dari segi proses komunikasi maupun dari peningkatan penjualan.  Selain itu alat komunikasi pemasaran seperti periklanan, direct marketing, sales promotion, E-WOM dan public relations dapat tetap diorganisir dengan menggunakan media online. Alat pemasaran yang paling menunjukkan hasil yang signifikan adalah penggunaan direct marketing dan sales promotion. Meskipun demikian, para pelaku usaha mengaku bahwa pesan promosi pemasaran masih terdampak lebih besar jika dilakukan dengan tatap muka langsung.
Las transformaciones de un fandom en tiempos de aislamiento
Authors: Aller Roberta , Cuestas Paula
Published: November 2020

En el artículo se muestran las transformaciones que atravesó un club de fans de Harry Potter, a partir de las medidas de aislamiento social dispuestas frente al avance del COVID-19. Se describen los orígenes del club, ligados a un momento de expansión de las tecnologías digitales y los encuentros «cara-a-cara» habitualmente organizados por el club. Como objetivo central, mediante una metodología de etnografía digital se analizan las nuevas dinámicas que lleva adelante el CHP en un contexto de obligada «virtualidad»
Biographical data in selection-between prediction and abuse
Authors: Amihăieși Cătălina , Catana Eusebiu
Published: November 2020

This paper explores the use of biodata as a selection method. Starting from the definition of the term, its content, as well as the elaboration of specific instruments and the validity of biodata use, this paper offers a holistic picture on biographical data used in selection, providing suggestions for practitioners as well as researchers.
PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN KEDELAI (Glycine max L.) TERHADAP PEMBERIAN VERMIKOMPOS DAN BIOCHAR DI TANAH ULTISOL
Authors: Sirait Elisa Ester , Nelvia Nelvia , Fauzana Hafiz
Published: November 2020

The use of organic matter in agricultural production is important in increasing crop production, especially in Ultisols. This study aimed to study the interaction between vermicompost and biochar on the growth and yield of soybean (Glycine max L.) in Ultisols. The research was carried out in the experimental station of the Faculty of Agriculture, Riau University, Bina Widya Tampan campus, Pekanbaru from July - September 2018. The research used factorial design form in a completely randomized design. The first factor is vermicompost which consists of 4 levels (doses of 0, 25, 50 and 75 g of polybag-1) while the second factor is biochar consisting of 4 levels (doses of 0, 25, 50 and 75 g of polybag-1) for each combination repeated 4 times. The parameters observed were the number of effective roots, proportion of effective nodules, plant height, number of primary branches, age of plants, age of harvest, proportion of well-fused pods, number of seeds, seed weight and weight of 100 seeds. The results showed that the interaction of vermicompost at a dose of 25 g.polybag-1 following a dose of 50 g.polybag-1 biochar increased the number of effective root nodules, the proportion of effective root nodules, the number of primary branches, the proportion of pithy pods, and accelerated plant age and soybean plant age compared without treatment but not significantly compared to other combinations.Key words : Soybean, vermicompost, biochar
APLIKASI ULANG AZOSPIRILLUM TERSELEKSI PADA TANAMAN CABAI MERAH (Capsicum annum, L) YANG DITANAM PADA ULTISOL
Authors: Mardya Imra Atil , Gusmini Gusmini , Agustian Agustian
Published: November 2020

The endophytic bacteria are bacteria whose life cycle is partially or completely associated in the host plant tissue in various kinds of relationships (symbiosis) that it undergoes. The potential of endophytic bacteria as microbial resources is widely used as a biological control for plants, including as the producer of phytohormones and the agent of biocontrol and biofertilizer. This study aims to test selected endophyte bacterial isolates from chili as a biofertilizer to meet the nutrient requirements that are useful during the vegetative growth period of red chili in Ultisols. The study used a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 3 replications, namely A = fertilizer N  recommendation; B = Azospirillum sp AK+ Fertilizer N recommendation; C = Azospirillum sp BT+ Fertilizer N recommendation; D = Azospirillum sp DN+ fertilizer N recommendation. Azospirillum sp AK and Azospirillum sp DN isolates gave better vegetative growth than those of Azospirillum sp BT isolates with average dry weight, respectively, 19.49 g and 18.93 g and with a height of 29.67 cm and 29.60cm. The superiority of the 2 isolates was also shown in the observation of the number of leaves 30.39 and 22.50 and the number of branches 6.45 and 6.28 respectively for Azospirillum sp AK and Azospirillum sp DN isolates.Key words : Endophytic bacteria, red chili, Ultisols
School Governance and Social Justice in South Africa: A Review of Research from 1996 to 2016
Authors: Moorosi Pontso , Bantwini Bongani , Molale Itumeleng , Diko Nolutho
Published: November 2020

In this article, we conduct a systematic review of school governance literature in order to examine the influence of the social justice agenda in South Africa between 1996 and 2016. The review explores the nature and scope of school governance research, the methodologies used as well as the theoretical constructs underpinning the research in the identified period. We used search words related to school governance to identify electronically published academic material. By way of analysis, we employed a combination of descriptive quantitative and qualitative forms of systematic review. The findings reveal a relatively small body of research spread across local and international journals that mostly investigates issues around democratic participation and representation. Although redressing the education system was viewed as one of the major catalysts in restoring the values necessary for a socially just and democratic society, school governance research is not underpinned by the analysis of social justice. We conclude by reflecting on limitations and making suggestions for future research.
Intervenção farmacêutica na antibioticoterapia do idoso: caminhos para a redução da ocorrência de problemas relacionados a medicamentos e promoção da farmacoeconomia
Authors: Azulino Ariana Cristina de Oliveira , Soler Orenzio , Arruda José Eduardo Gomes
Published: November 2020

Objetivo: Avaliar estudos sobre intervenções farmacêuticas direcionadas à redução de Problemas Relacionados a Medicamentos em pacientes idosos, durante o uso de antibióticos, no contexto hospitalar. Métodos: Trata-se de uma Revisão Integrativa. Os estudos incluídos responderam a critérios previamente definidos, os quais adotaram participantes dos estudos como “idosos internados em unidades de média e/ou alta complexidade”; intervenções a serem investigadas como “intervenções farmacêuticas em nível hospitalar” e resultados a serem mensurados como “evidências clínicas, epidemiológicas, de acesso (output), humanísticas e/ou econômicas”. Os dados foram coletados em fontes secundárias, com um recorte temporal de 2015 a 2020, em que foram selecionados estudos relacionados ao acompanhamento/cuidado, em pacientes idosos, cujas características metodológicas foram de Ensaios Clínicos Controlados, Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Randomizados e Revisões Sistemáticas, obrigatoriamente nos níveis de atenção de média e alta complexidade. Resultados: Foram selecionados 7 estudos, e cada um apresentou um método de intervenção farmacêutica para a problemática apresentada. Considerações finais: A análise dos resultados sugeriu que existem evidências de que intervenções farmacêuticas podem reduzir os Problemas Relacionados a Medicamentos na antibioticoterapia em idosos hospitalizados; não sendo identificadas, porém, investigações robustas acerca dos efeitos dessas intervenções sobre a promoção da sustentabilidade econômica.