bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
USE OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ROAD PAVEMENTS
Authors: Balashova Yu.B. , Demianenko V.V. , Tregub O.V. , Chepurna K.O. , Balashov A.O.
Published: July 2024

Problem statement. Ukraine, on its way to European integration, faces the challenge not only of joining the European Union, but also of adapting its infrastructure to high European quality standards. After the end of the war, it is necessary not only to rebuild the destroyed roads, aerodromes and buildings, but also to guarantee the sustainability and durability of infrastructure facilities. One of the key industries where innovations can make a significant difference is road construction. Asphalt and concrete are the most common building materials in the construction of flexible and rigid pavements. Innovative technologies for repairing cracks in asphalt and concrete road pavements are constantly evolving. New methods and materials are being sought for more efficient and long-term maintenance of the road surface. The use of advanced technologies allows us to improve the quality of repairs, extend the service life of roads and reduce their environmental impact. Innovative approaches to crack repair help to ensure safety and comfort on the road for all road users. The purpose of the article is to analyze foreign experience in the application of effective innovative technologies in the construction of road pavements and to substantiate the feasibility of using a self-healing top layer of flexible and rigid asphalt and concrete pavements in Ukraine based on the analysis of their properties. Conclusions. The inclusion of self-healing properties in asphalt concrete pavements is an effective method for increasing their service life and achieving environmental friendliness of pavements. Existing and advanced self-healing technologies suitable for use in asphalt pavements, namely, the inclusion of healing agents, induction heating, and hybrid technologies, have been investigated. The mechanisms of self-healing of concrete have been studied: autogenous, based on autonomous bacteria, and based on autonomous capsules. Research on self-healing pavements is aimed at developing a smart and efficient pavement system capable of self-assessment and automated crack repair. The choice of technology should be based on its ability to effectively repair damage and cracks in asphalt and concrete, providing long-term and reliable protection.
SIMULATION THE PROCESSES OF ORGANIC MATERIALS DESTRUCTION AND COMBUSTION PROCESSES CONDITION OF FIRE INTENSEICATION
Authors: Bielikov A.S. , Todorov O.P. , Chumak L.O. , Kharchenko V.V.
Published: July 2024

Problem statement. The rapid occurrence and development of fires are caused by the occurrence of combustible materials and structures in their focus. This complicates, and in some cases makes impossible, effective firefighting, evacuation, and rescue of people and property. In order to correctly assess fire resistance, effectively increase fire resistance, and change the flammability of materials, it is necessary to study the materials burning process. The purpose of the article. To study of the combustion of easily dispersible substances and the development of gaseous reactions and their combination using the example of wood combustion. Methods. We use mathematical modeling of combustion and destructive processes under the high temperatures, taking into account the rules of thermodynamics. Research results. The conducted analysis showed that the selection of the main stages in the simulation of wood combustion is much less developed than in the case of the combustion of gas systems. It is especially difficult to do this to describe the combustion of wood, on the surface of which there is an interaction of masses (and heat) during the combustion of individual components, and the size of the front surface per unit cross-section of the sample may also change over time. Therefore, the definition of the main stage in wood burning should be used mainly in the qualitative analysis of the process, and quantitative models of wood burning should be built, if possible, taking into account all the determining factors characterizing the phenomena. Scientific novelty. For the first time, on the basis of the modeling of organic material combustion is proposed. We determine the patterns of destructive processes, which, depending on the temperature, have common patterns of qualitative and quantitative characteristics. The chemical phasing and its connection with the physical phasing of the transformation of combustible organic materials dispersed in the surface layer with the overall thermal effect of the combustion wave were determined. Practical value. The identification of stages during the wave burning of wood allows for a qualitative display of processes depending on the spatial zone and its distance from the gas zone, which allows predicting the development of protective means of organic materials against combustion.
The causes of the language barrier in high school students when learning a foreign language
Authors: Semyonova Nadezhda Igorevna , Iakobadze Dzhuna Zurabovna
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the work is to identify the main factors influencing the manifestation of the language barrier in motivated high school students when learning a foreign language in a secondary school. The article examines both the phenomenon of the language barrier itself and the causes of its occurrence, analyzes various definitions of this term in the Russian scientific literature. A parallel is drawn with the English-language term "language anxiety" used by foreign authors; The results of testing to identify language anxiety among students in grades 10-11 of public schools are presented. As a result of the study, it was found that the most significant for the emergence of a barrier in speaking are the psychological problems of the students themselves and the methodological aspects of the organization of the educational process in teaching English. The scientific novelty lies in considering the language barrier through the prism of a competence-based approach in education, as well as in dividing the causes of the barrier into groups depending on the lack of formation of individual components of foreign language communicative competence. The study of the language barrier in this aspect can be used by teachers of a foreign language to solve methodological problems.
Modeling of the implicative semantics of landscape nominations in a sentence (based on the material of the German language)
Authors: Bespalova Ekaterina Viktorovna
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the study is to identify the relationship of the implicative semantics of landscape nominations with logical and grammatical types of sentences and to build models of implication of additional meanings of landscape nominations on this basis. The article explores the concept of implicative semantics and investigates how the logical and grammatical structure of German sentences relates to the implicit meanings of landscape-related terms found within them. These implicit meanings are derived from German linguistic culture. The scientific novelty of the study consists in the fact that for the first time the implicative semantics of landscape nominations is modeled in connection with the logical and grammatical types of the German sentence. As a result, based on the corpus data of the Digital Dictionary of the German Language, sentences containing nominations of large landscape forms are analyzed. The specifics of the semantic roles of landscape nominations in four main types of German sentences are described. The speaker's predicative connections with landscape objects and their implicative potential in German linguoculture are systematized. Models of the formation of the implicative meaning of landscape nominations are presented in the form of four types of frames: action, procedural, evaluative and the frame of "inclusion of the singular into the particular". The necessity of taking into account the speaker's intention in interpreting the implicative meaning in different types of discourse is shown.
Elimination of Exogenous Pollution Influence on the Microelement Composition of Medicinal Plants
Authors: Kruglov D. S.
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCTION. The compendial analytical procedure for determining the content of heavy metals and arsenic impurities in herbal drugs does not differentiate between endogenous and exogenous elemental impurities. Higher-precision data on the microelement composition of plants, particularly data on endogenous and exogenous impurities, could be instrumental in chemosystematics and in the identification of raw materials.

AIM. This study aimed to modify the analytical procedure for quantifying macro- and microelements in herbal drugs with the intention to eliminate the influence of exogenous pollutants on test results.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study focused on herbal drugs from the Boraginaceae family, including reproductive shoots of lungwort (Pulmonaria mollis Wulf. ex Hornem) and leaves of common borage (Borago officinalis L.). A portion was spiked with elemental pollutants. All herbal drugs were ground and fractionated by sieving. Quantitative determination was performed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Statistical analysis of the results used Microsoft Excel and Statistica 8 software.

RESULTS. A total of 30 elements were quantified in 9 fractions of herbal drugs with different particle sizes. Cluster analysis showed that unfractionated herbal drugs and the fraction comprising particles smaller than 0.2 mm formed sepa rate clusters, indicating significant differences in elemental compositions. Grubbs’ test confirmed that these two samples were significantly different from the others. The fraction of particles smaller than 0.2 mm had the maximum content of the spiked elements; more than 90% of the spiked amounts were recovered from this fraction. The high content of elements observed in unfractionated herbal drugs was due to the plant parts that would have passed the 0.2 mm sieve had they been ground and fractionated.

CONCLUSIONS. The use of unfractionated herbal drugs leads to a systematic error in the results of elemental content determination, which significantly hinders the applicability of such results for the identification of herbal drugs. To ensure reliable results in the determination of the microelement status of plants, the authors suggest performing additional fractionation of herbal drugs and discarding the fraction under 0.2 mm.
Fortaleciendo la experticia adaptativa en la educación quirúrgica: un enfoque integral y estratégico
Authors: Lora-Aguirre Alejandro , Benavides-Largo Sebastián , Domínguez-Torres Luis Carlos , Vega-Peña Neil Valentín
Published: July 2024

Introducción. La formación integral de los residentes excede el conocimiento teórico y la técnica operatoria. Frente a la complejidad de la cirugía moderna, su incertidumbre y dinamismo, es necesario redefinir la comprensión de la educación quirúrgica y promover capacidades adaptativas en los futuros cirujanos para manejar efectivamente el entorno. Estos aspectos se refieren a la experticia adaptativa.
Métodos. La presente revisión narrativa propone una definición de la educación quirúrgica con énfasis en la experticia adaptativa, y un enfoque para su adopción en la práctica.
Resultados. Con base en la literatura disponible, la educación quirúrgica representa un proceso dinámico que se sitúa en la intersección de la complejidad de la cultura quirúrgica, del aprendizaje en el sitio de trabajo y de la calidad en el cuidado de la salud, dirigido a la formación de capacidades cognitivas, manuales y adaptativas en el futuro cirujano, que le permitan proveer cuidado de alto valor en un sistema de trabajo colectivo, mientras se fortalece su identidad profesional. La experticia adaptativa del residente es una capacidad fundamental para maximizar su desempeño frente a estas características de la educación quirúrgica. En la literatura disponible se encuentran seis estrategias para fortalecer esta capacidad.
Conclusión. La experticia adaptativa es una capacidad esperada y necesaria en el médico residente de cirugía, para hacer frente a la complejidad de la educación quirúrgica. Existen estrategias prácticas que pueden ayudar a fortalecerla, las cuales deben ser evaluadas en nuevos estudios.
Saving Kurapaty: The Memorialisation of Victims of Political Repressions in Belarus as a Transitional Justice Mechanism
Authors: Klymenko Lina
Published: July 2024

This article examines the memorialisation of victims of political repressions as part of a transitional justice policy. By drawing on insights from memory studies, it reveals how such memorialisation practices can become a dynamic transitional justice mechanism developed by grassroots movements. The case study in focus is the arrangement of memorials to the victims of Stalinist repressions in Kurapaty near Minsk, Belarus, identifying societal actors participating in memorialisation practices and exploring their values. This study provides a more complex understanding of questions concerning transitional justice, memorialisation, and material traces of traumatic memory embodied in the memorials.
Theological Anthropology Facing Artificial Intelligence. The Investigation of an Intersection Based on Treatises
Authors: Klaiber Judith
Published: July 2024

For the novelty, the research fields of Artificial Intelligence and Theological Anthropology are creatively confronted with each other, especially the emerging ideas of perfection, salvation, mind and corporeality in comparison with the verbatim meaning of theos and logos. For this purpose, both fields of research, which – historically marked – became virulent at about the same time in (ca. 1960s), are theoretically framed, systematically introduced, and classified. Afterwards, a text-critical appraisal is made based on current European institutional publications on Artificial Intelligence regarding concepts, representations and ways of speaking about the hu_man, about der mensch being beyond neuronal networks. Commonalities and challenges through the juxtaposition and found synergies are not only making a valuable contribution to subjecting concepts of hu_mankind for a sustainable relecture. Furthermore, it provides relevant insights and findings about the positioning of the new technology within (ethical) discourses about human dignity and rights, as well philosophical debates about freedom.
The Super-Rich in Modern Russia: Who Are They and Are They Changing?
Authors: Mareeva Svetlana V. , Slobodenyuk Ekaterina D.
Published: July 2024

The study focuses on a hard-to-reach and relatively little-studied group that largely determines the configuration of wealth inequality in Russia today – the super-rich Russian businessmen. The object of the study are businessmen who have appeared on the Forbes lists from 2004 to 2021. Based on the analysis of the specially collected empirical database, the composition of the group by key socio-economic and demographic indicators is analyzed, its changes in the course of Russia’s modern history are traced, and the overall dynamics of the group are assessed. The high degree of stability of this group is demonstrated, as well as the high degree of internal inequality within it. Differences in the two sub-groups of the super-rich – those who entered the labor market in the pre-reform and post-reform periods – are identified. It is shown that these differences highlight the gradual changes taking place in this group. However, even today the pre-reform super-rich dominate the group and therefore determine its generalized portrait.
Russia’s Sharp Power: Tools and Practices of Implementation
Authors: Orlov Serhii , Ivasechko Olha
Published: July 2024

The Russian Federation is the state that aims at achieving world leadership and restoring its former status as a superpower. Within the framework of such a strategy, the projection of ‘sharp power’ rather than ‘soft power’ gains its significance, since the former expands the wide range of tools for influencing the states and the world community per se. Due to the analysis of the main dimensions of ‘sharp power’, i.e., commerce, media, academia, technology, culture and entertainment, it was determined that Russia uses all channels of it in the countries of the post-Soviet space, which are outlined through the concept of the ‘Near Abroad’. In the group of tools, most widely used, are those from cultural, entertainment and media areas. A distinguishing tool for Russia is the dissemination of the ‘Russian World (Russkii Mir)’ model. It has been outlined that Russia is projecting its sharp power in a visible aspect on a number of countries of the Near Abroad, in particular, Kazakhstan, the Baltic states, Ukraine and Georgia. In addition, based on a number of interpretations, it has been hypothesized that among the goals of ‘sharp power’ is the increase and strengthening of authoritarian practices in the states on which this sharp power is projected.
Between Curse and Cross.
Authors: Popa Romeo
Published: July 2024

By expanding the source base to include the so-called curse tablets, this study attempts to illuminate some aspects from a difficult Pauline paragraph. In Gal 3:10–14, Paul makes a very close connection between law and curse using Old Testament quotations. Some explanations on the employment of curses in legal contexts are used here to clarify on the background of popular magical practice certain features of the Pauline understanding of the law as well as the role of Christ as a counter-curse. An important prerequisite for this methodological approach is the common cultural repertory shared by the author and his readers.
Meliur und Irekel
Authors: Bauer Eva
Published: July 2024

Konrad von Würzburg’s Partonopier and Meliur narrates the ‘minne’ between the French count Partonopier and the Byzantine empress Meliur. Irekel, Meliur’s sister, also has a crucial part in this love affair. While Konrad in his Tronjanerkrieg uses such potential love triangles, described by René Girard with his concept of ‘triangular desire’, to question the semantics of courtly love, Konrad pursues the opposite strategy in his Partonopier. This article argues that Konrad von Würzburg, by withdrawing any attempts of triangular desire shown in his French source, amplifies the complementarity of the two sisters and thus binds Irekel and Meliur even more closely together. This has the effect that Irekel ultimately cannot only contribute to the constitution of courtly ‘minne’ between Partonopier and Meliur, but also to the legitimisation of the couple’s claim to reign.
Zum Problem der ‚Heilsgeschichte‘: Raumzeitliche Situierungen der Alexanderfigur in deutschen und französischen Texten des 12. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Bowden Sarah , Friede Susanne A.
Published: July 2024

This essay takes as its starting point the tension between the biblical role of Alexander the Great and his status as a non-Christian, and explores how medieval texts deal with this tension. Working outwards from selected theories of the secular that establish the term as a representative construct and describe its (modern) functions, the essay analyses the semantics of time and space in two twelfth-century Alexander romances: the German Vorauer Alexander and its manuscript transmission, and the French Roman d’Alexandre in the version of Alexandre de Paris. Through detailed analysis the essay tests the concept of ‘Heilsgeschichte’ (‘salvation history’), which emerges as both a productive yet also highly problematic critical terminology and interpretive matrix. The analysis also demonstrates that Alexander narratives (or episodes within them) defy straightforward categorisation as either religious or secular/worldly; the semantics of time and space in the texts create forms of meaning that cannot be grasped through idealised binaries of Christian and ‘worldly’ signification.
Vergebliche Widerstände? Eine Spurensuche mit W.E.B. Du Bois, Herbert Aptheker, Melville J. Herskovits, Raymond A. Bauer und Alice H. Bauer
Authors: Därmann Iris
Published: July 2024

Der Artikel beschäftigt sich mit „multidirektionalen“ bzw. chiastischen Formen antirassistischer Gegengeschichtsschreibung aus der Perspektive von Black Scholars und jüdischen Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftlern in den 1930er und 1940er Jahren. Im Blickpunkt steht dabei insbesondere der desperate bzw. „passive Widerstand“ Schwarzer gegen die transatlantische Versklavung und die Frage, inwieweit die Entdeckung des schwarzen passiven Widerstands zu einem neuen politischen Verständnis der Widerstandspraktiken von Jüdinnen und Juden in der Shoah beitragen konnte.
Diagnóstico y propuesta de rehabilitación estructural de un edificio en Monte Maíz, provincia de Córdoba
Authors: Zanni Enrique E. , Capdevila Julio A.
Published: July 2024

Los suelos loéssicos ocupan gran parte de la provincia de Córdoba y son propensos a sufrir colapso por cambios volumétricos en presencia de agua. Además, el fenómeno del Niño provocó que 2014 resultara el año de mayores precipitaciones de los últimos 40 años, originando el ascenso del nivel freático en gran parte del sudeste provincial. El incremento en el contenido de humedad del suelo generó una disminución en su capacidad soporte, provocando el asiento diferencial de la estructura que apoya sobre el mismo. El presente trabajo detalla las causas de los asentamientos producidos en un edificio de 3 plantas de la localidad de Monte Maíz, provincia de Córdoba, junto con la alternativa de solución propuesta. Asimismo, se incluye la verificación y proyecto de refuerzo de las losas de entrepiso con fisuras por flexión, debido al posible cambio de uso del mismo.
ANALISIS ANALISIS PENGARUH PUTARAN SPINDLE PROSES PEMBUBUTAN METODE DRY CUTTING DAN WET CUTTING TERHADAP KEKASARAN PERMUKAAN BAJA ST 60 PADA PAHAT KARBIDA
Authors: Aziz Moh. Nor Ali , Fatkhurrohman Fatkhurrohman , Santoso Edi , Dewantara Muhammad Celvin , Pratama Muhammad Zidane
Published: July 2024

ABSTRAK
 
Kekasaran permukaan adalah salah satu karakteristik penting dalam metode pemesinan karena berpengaruh pada kinerja komponen mesin. Parameter pemesinan seperti sudut potong dan kecepatan pemakanan benda kerja (feeding) memiliki dampak signifikan terhadap kualitas kekasaran permukaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh putaran spindle dalam proses pembubutan dengan metode dry cutting dan wet cutting (cairan emulsi dan cairan Synthetic) terhadap kekasaran permukaan Baja ST 60 menggunakan pahat karbida. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan variasi kecepatan spindle 500, 760, dan 1200 Rpm serta variasi jenis pendinginan, dengan kedalaman pemotongan tetap 1,5 mm dan dilakukan 3 kali pemakanan. Total 27 spesimen Baja ST 60 digunakan dalam eksperimen ini. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, nilai kekasaran permukaan terendah (Ra) diperoleh pada putaran spindle 1200 Rpm dengan metode wet cutting dan jenis pendingin cairan synthetic, dengan nilai kekasaran rata-rata 1,744 µm. Sedangkan kekasaran permukaan tertinggi (Ra) diperoleh putaran spindle 500 Rpm dengan metode Dry Cutting, dengan nilai kekasaran 5,767 µm. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan putaran spindle berpotensi menghasilkan permukaan benda kerja yang lebih halus.
 
Kata kunci: Putaran Spindle, Kekasaran Permukaan, Dry Cutting, Wet Cutting, Medium Carbon Steel ST 60
PEMAHAMAN REMAJA TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN APLIKASI AL QUR’AN DIGITAL DI MASJID NURUL HUDA CIKARANG BEKASI JAWA BARAT
Authors: Istiqomah Ira Nadila , Ruslan Undang , Abidin Jaenal
Published: July 2024

Technological advances have produced many new products, including religion, one of which is the digital Koran, a product of technological progress. This is an advantage for Muslims, considering that digitalization makes it easier to read and search for verses, recitation signs, asbabun nuzul and so on. From these various convenience facilities, the question arises: what are the etiquettes of using the digital Al Qur'an application? Is it the same in responding to the Mushaf of the Qur'an? Based on these problems, researchers are interested in researching this matter. This research uses qualitative methods with the type of field research. This research focuses on the understanding and etiquette of adolescent girls in using the digital Al Qur'an application. This research was conducted at the Nurul Huda Mosque, West Cikarang, Bekasi, taking informants from 5 female youth members of the mosque. Online interviews were carried out data collection was via WhatsApp video call. The research results show that mosque teenagers have different opinions in choosing the type of digital Al Qur'an application because they look at the features and file size of the application. The majority of teenagers have the same opinion regarding the etiquette of using the digital Al Qur'an, namely that it must be holy, and the place for reading must be clean. The implications of this research are more flexibility in reading the Qur'an, creative and innovative learning approaches, and strengthening skills in using technology.
PERENCANAAN PENGEMBANGAN SARANA DAN PRASARANA PERPUSTAKAAN YANG EFEKTIF DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA DI KARAWANG
Authors: Jaya Nandang Putra , Sholeh Slamet , Maryati Mimin
Published: July 2024

Junior high schools are required to have adequate library facilities and infrastructure, because according to the saying the library is a window to the world, therefore based on researcher observations data on student visitors to the library shows that student enthusiasm is quite high, therefore to optimize the library in junior high schools in Kerawang In this case, it is necessary to plan library facilities and infrastructure well. Therefore, the researcher wanted to deepen this issue because he wanted to know the extent to which the school library was planned to fulfill students' interest in reading and learning. The research method used in this research uses a qualitative approach with the type of library research. The research results show that the planning of library facilities and infrastructure in schools is carried out well by providing complete library facilities and materials so that visitors will feel comfortable in the library and it will be much easier to find the books they are looking for. In terms of planning library facilities and infrastructure, this includes budget planning and collection development planning. Apart from that, you also need to pay attention to what facilities and infrastructure are needed by the library. The implications of this research are: 1) developing more effective learning strategies, 2) strengthening learning discipline, 3) improving reward and legal systems, 4) the role of teachers as motivators and managers, 5) increasing collaboration between schools and stakeholders and the community.
ROKAT BHELIONE: MEMAKNAI TRADISI LOCAL WISDOM MASYARAKAT PAMEKASAN SAAT ANGGOTA KELUARGA MENINGGAL DUNIA
Authors: Rohman Mujibur , Haris Abd , Supandi Supandi
Published: July 2024

Rokat is a tradition of the Madurese people that is still sympathetic and is still being preserved. Rokat is a cultural and religious assimilation that makes researchers interested in exploring it. The research method used is qualitative with a phenomenological type. The data collection methods used were 1) interviews, 2) observation, and 3 documentation analysis, while the research informants were 1) religious leaders, 2) community leaders, and the community. The results of the research show that the implementation of rokat belief in society is as follows: a) rokat belioneh is a salvation activity carried out when a family member dies, b) rokat belioneh is carried out to get closer to Allah SWT, c) rokat belioneh is carried out with several stage (preparation and implementation). Meanwhile, related to the views of the Pamekasan people regarding the rokat bhelioneh tradition when a family member dies, they are: a) rokat bhelioneh is a culture that does not conflict with Islamic teachings. b) Rokat bhelioneh is a tradition carried out to gain approval and mercy from Allah SWT, c) Rokat bhelioneh is carried out to eliminate sadness due to being abandoned by loved ones and aims to obtain the safety of wealth and health from all forms of danger that threatens. The applications of this research activity are 1) the importance of local traditions in dealing with death, 2) the role of family and community in the mourning process, 3) values ​​of belief and spirituality, 4) the maintenance and transmission of traditions and culture.
Evaluation of Qualifications of Emergency Assembly Areas in Istanbul using the Spherical Fuzzy MAIRCA Process
Authors: Tepe Serap , Eti Serkan
Published: July 2024

Disasters are inevitable facts of life. It is difficult to deal with disasters and emergencies because of the uncertainties they contain. Managing disasters and emergencies requires integrity with before and after processes. No matter how well-informed people may be when faced with a disaster, they may not act consciously due to the shock of the event, fear and anxiety. Therefore, the recovery phase after a disaster is very important. In the presented paper, meeting areas after a disaster for Istanbul, which is one of the closest witnesses of the earthquake reality, were examined. The motivation of the paper is to evaluate the assembly areas in Istanbul on the basis of all districts under expert opinions and to compare and rank the suitability of the currently existing emergency assembly areas for the expected major Istanbul earthquake. This ranking was made by the help of the fuzzy logic integration of the Multi Attributive Ideal Real Comparative Analysis (MAIRCA) method, which is one of the Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Techniques (MCDM). It is thought that this ranking will be useful in revealing the current situation of the districts and raising awareness. As far as is known, according to the results obtained from the paper in which the spherical fuzzy logic integrated MAIRCA technique was used for the first time, Kadıköy district was determined as the district with the best conditions assembly areas.
Sosyal Konutların Toplu Taşıma Sistemi ile Entegrasyonu: Diyarbakır Örneği
Authors: Tutal Gül Şebnem , Koç Canan
Published: July 2024

Türkiye’de sosyal konutlar genellikle kent merkezinden uzak ve düşük maliyetli arazilere Toplu Konut İdaresi tarafından inşa edilmektedir. Bu durum toplu konut alanlarında yaşayan kullanıcıların toplu taşıma hizmetlerine yüksek bağımlılıklarının olmasına neden olmaktadır. Toplumsal eşitliğin sağlanması noktasına etkili olan kamusal hizmetlerden biri de toplu taşımadır. Toplu taşımanın sosyal konutlarla entegrasyonu kullanıcıların toplumun bir parçası olarak kalmasını ve sosyal yaşamda var olmasını sağlayacaktır. Çalışmada Diyarbakır’da yer alan Şilbe, Üçkuyu, Memursen ve Çölgüzeli toplu konut alanları ele alınmıştır. Bu alanlardan kentin tarihi ve ticari merkezlerinden biri olan Dağkapı’ya mevcut toplu taşıma sistemi ile ulaşımın nasıl sağlandığı araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada sosyal konutlar, kent içi ulaşım ve erişilebilirlik ilişkisi ile ilgili literatür taraması yapılmıştır. Daha sonra belediye otobüslerinin güzergahları ile ilgili bilgiler Diyarbakır Büyükşehir Belediyesi’nden alınmış ve Moovit uygulamasıyla seçilen alanlardan varış noktasına giden en kısa rota belirlenmiştir. Rotalar karşılaştırılmış görselleştirilerek değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Diyarbakır’daki toplu konut alanlarının mevcut ulaşım sistemiyle entegrasyonunda sorunlar olduğu görülmüş ve geleceğe yönelik öneriler sunulmuştur.
Çevre Psikolojisi, Mimarlık ve Sinema İlişkisi Üzerinden Bir Filmin Analizi: Soylent Green
Authors: Kuruçay Gök Ebrar , Özkan Ayşen
Published: July 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, sinemasal mekânın şekillenmesinde çevre psikolojisi, mimarlık ve sinema ilişkisini mekânsal analiz ve okumalarla irdelemek; bu kurgusal mekânların niteliğini etkileyen çevre psikolojisi kavramları kapsamında inşa edilecek distopik kent ve mekân tasarımları hakkında bir öngörü oluşturmaktır. Bu kapsamda, fiziksel çevre ve insan davranışı arasındaki karşılıklı ilişkilerin incelenmesine yönelik çevre psikolojisi araştırmalarının önem kazandığı dönem ile eş zamanlı olarak 1973 yılında gösterime girmiş olan Soylent Green distopik filmi üzerinden; kullanıcının öz-değer deneyimlerini gerçekleştirdiği kişisel alan, davranış ortamındaki faaliyet çeşitliliği ve yükümlülüğüne yönelik kalabalık, yoğunluk ve alansallık kavramları ile bu ortamlar içindeki statünün nasıl korunabildiğine dair mahremiyet kavramları tümdengelim yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda, sinema ve mimarlığın sadece zamansal ve mekânsal yapıları nedeniyle değil, aynı zamanda her iki disiplinin de temelde yaşam alanıyla iç içe olması ve çok çeşitli yaşam imgelerini bir araya getirme çabalarıyla da ilişkili olduğu görülmüştür. Mekânsal davranış ve çevresel bilgi etkileşiminin sinemasal ortama yansımasının, duygusal deneyimler ve sosyal gelişmelerle de ilişkili olduğu desteklenmektedir.
Mardin Mimarlık Mirasında Mimarbaşı Lole'nin Rolü
Authors: Kutlu İzzettin , Şimşek Deryanur
Published: July 2024

Mardin'in tarihi dokusu üzerinde en belirgin etkiyi bırakan figürlerden biri olan Ermeni asıllı Mimarbaşı Lole, 19. ve erken 20. yüzyılda birçok önemli eserin inşa sürecinde aktif rol üstlenmiş ve onarım süreçlerinde yer almıştır. Çalışma, Mardin'in çok katmanlı tarihi dokusu içerisinde yer edinmiş bir yapı ustasının, günümüze kadar ulaşmış ve kendisine atfedilmiş eserlerinin detaylı bir belgelemesini yapmayı amaçlamaktadır. Mimarbaşı tarafından inşa edilen veya onarımı gerçekleştirilen eserleri tespit etmek ve inşa pratiğini ortaya koymak amacıyla dört aşamalı bir yöntem kullanılmıştır. İlk aşamada literatürden elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda kendisine atfedilen eserler belirlenmiştir. İkinci aşamada Mardin tarihi dokusunda bu eserlerin çevresi ile kurduğu ilişkinin tespiti için harita oluşturulmuş ve üçüncü aşamada özelliklerine göre tablolaştırılmıştır. Son aşamada, ardışık bir yaklaşımla eserler ve özellikleri incelenmiş ve inşa pratiğinin zaman içinde nasıl evrildiğine dair değerlendirmelere yer verilmiştir. Kentin farklı alanlarında konaklar, kiliseler, eğitim ve idari yapıların da arasında yer aldığı birçok eserde etkin rol aldığı görülmüş ve bölgede belirli bir mimari ve kültürel formasyonun mevcutta yer aldığı, Lole tarafından ortaya konan formasyonun bunun dışında olmadığı sonucuna varılmıştır.
The Effect of Visual Aids on Reading Numeric Data Tables
Authors: Ji YongFeng , Perin Charles , Nacenta Miguel
Published: July 2024

Data tables are one of the most common ways in which people encounter data. Although mostly built with text and numbers, data tables have a spatial layout and often exhibit visual elements meant to facilitate their reading. Surprisingly, there is an empirical knowledge gap on how people read tables and how different visual aids affect people’s reading of tables. In this work, we seek to address this vacuum through a controlled study. We asked participants to repeatedly perform four different tasks with four table representation conditions (plain tables, tables with zebra striping, tables with cell background color encoding cell value, and tables with in-cell bars with lengths encoding cell value). We analyzed completion time, error rate, gaze-tracking data, mouse movement and participant preferences. We found that color and bar encodings help for finding maximum values. For a more complex task (comparison of proportional differences) color and bar helped less than zebra striping. We also characterize typical human behavior for the four tasks. These findings inform the design of tables and research directions for improving presentation of data in tabular form.
Can music concerts boost nationalist identity?
Authors: Kovac Dejan , Singh Manu , Shapiro Jacob N
Published: July 2024

Music and large-scale public events have long been used as part of nationalist projects, but their impact is unclear as those who engage may do so to express preexisting beliefs. We study whether attending nationalist concerts heighten nationalist identity in Croatia, where consumer behavior, i.e., purchase of nationally branded goods labeled 'Authentic Croatian' or 'Croatian Quality', provides a high frequency, individual-level revealed preference measure of nationalist identity. We first show a robust positive correlation at the store level between such goods and votes for right-wing political parties, which emphasize Croatian national identity. We then use loyalty card tracking to identify individuals who likely traveled to attend nationalist or non-nationalist music concerts. Using a regression discontinuity in time (RDiT) design, we show that attending concerts by a highly-political nationalist artist leads to an approximately three percentage point increase in the share of nationally branded goods purchased, a 17\% increase from the mean, and a 0.19 standard deviation treatment effect. We find no similar impact on consumption after attending non-nationalist concerts or for attending concerts by a Herzegovinian singer who sometimes performs with Croatian nationalist artists.
SKI complex: A multifaceted cytoplasmic RNA exosome cofactor in mRNA metabolism with links to disease, developmental processes, and antiviral responses
Authors: Tomecki Rafał , Drazkowska Karolina , Kobyłecki Kamil , Tudek Agnieszka
Published: July 2024

RNA stability and quality control are integral parts of gene expression regulation. A key factor shapingeukaryotic transcriptomes, mainly via 3'-5' exoribonucleolytic trimming or degradation of diversetranscripts in nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments, is the RNA exosome. Precise exosometargeting to various RNA molecules requires strict collaboration with specialized auxiliary factors,which facilitate interactions with its substrates. The predominant class of cytoplasmic RNA targeted bythe exosome are protein-coding transcripts, which are carefully scrutinized for errors duringtranslation. Normal, functional mRNAs are turned over following protein synthesis by the exosome orby Xrn1 5'-3'-exonuclease, acting in concert with Dcp1/2 decapping complex. In turn, aberranttranscripts are eliminated by dedicated surveillance pathways, triggered whenever ribosometranslocation is impaired. Cytoplasmic 3'-5' mRNA decay and surveillance are dependent on the tightcooperation between the exosome and its evolutionary conserved co-factor – the SKI complex (SKIc).Here, we summarize recent findings from structural, biochemical, and functional studies of SKIc rolesin controlling cytoplasmic RNA metabolism, including links to various cellular processes. Mechanism of SKIc action is illuminated by presentation of its spatial structure and details of its interactions withexosome and ribosome. Furthermore, contribution of SKIc and exosome to various mRNA decaypathways, usually converging on recycling of ribosomal subunits, is delineated. A crucial physiologicalrole of SKIc is emphasized by describing association between its dysfunction and devastating humandisease – a trichohepatoenteric syndrome (THES). Eventually, we discuss SKIc functions in theregulation of antiviral defense systems, cell signaling and developmental transitions, emerging frominterdisciplinary investigations.
A Revolution in Physics Education Was Forecast In 1989, Why Hasn't It Happened? What Will It Take?
Authors: Flannery William
Published: July 2024

The 1989 paper ‘Using Computers in Teaching Physics’ was subtitled ‘Computers can revolutionize not only the way we teach physics, but also what physics we teach’. It gave compelling reasons for incorporating computers into physics education. But, now, 30+ years later, we read in ‘Computing in Physics Education’: ‘In the USA the undergraduate physics curriculum - that is, the standard set of coursework and activities in an accredited physics major – looks much the same as it did 60 years ago.’ Classical physics is based on the analysis of differential equation models of physical systems. However, most differential equation models of physical systems are analytically unsolvable. This is the university’s little secret, it is the reason physics education is so difficult and why so few physical systems are analyzed.The computer and computational calculus revolutionized physics because they make it possible to analyze analytically unsolvable differential equations. This changed everything in physics. Computational calculus quickly became the norm for analyzing physical systems in science and engineering (outside the classroom).And, unlike analytic calculus, computational calculus is trivially easy and intuitively transparent. It will change everything in physics education. It requires rewriting the entire classical physics curriculum, from introductory physics, starting in high school, to advanced, incorporating differential equations, computers, and computational calculus from the beginning.
Explaining Unfamiliar Genomics Data Visualizations to a Blind Individual through Transitions
Authors: Smits Thomas Chris , L'Yi Sehi , Nguyen Huyen N. , Mar Andrew Patrick , Gehlenborg Nils
Published: July 2024

The introduction of novel visualizations through animated transitions is a well-established practice in visualization research. In our preliminary exploratory study, we investigate whether this approach could effectively facilitate the introduction of new visualization types to blind and low-vision (BLV) individuals. Specifically, we present two approaches, direct and gradual, to a user who is blind and compare their potential usefulness. The direct approach involved a single, comprehensive description of the visual elements, while the gradual approach utilized a series of visualizations and transitions, starting from familiar visualization types known to the user and progressing to the final, novel visualization. We introduce two genomics visualizations, sequence logos and Circos plots, to the user with descriptions and then ask them to sketch the visualizations to reflect their understanding of the visual elements. Feedback from the user indicates that the gradual approach was easier to follow, suggesting that BLV individuals could benefit more from this method. We outline our design process and insights from the study, and highlight key considerations for future research directions.
Partnering Up (and Down): Examining When and Why People Prefer Collaborating with Higher-Paid Peers (and Lower-Paid Subordinates)
Authors: Kniffin Kevin M , Hildreth Angus
Published: July 2024

Emerging trends towards greater pay transparency and more freedom in teaming decisions intersect to highlight a potential conflict. Extant research suggests that visible pay disparities should adversely affect collaborations, particularly with higher-paid partners, but we challenge this thesis and present three pre-registered studies demonstrating that visible salary disparities can positively affect collaboration with higher-paid peers in teaming decisions. In Studies 1 and 2, people chose to collaborate with higher- rather than lower-paid peers unless explicitly told that their potential collaborators’ knowledge, skills, abilities, and experience were similar, suggesting that pay was viewed as a signal for competence. In Study 3, the preference for working with higher-paid peers was replicated even when the decision-makers were familiar with their potential co-workers. In contrast to teaming decisions, in a fourth pre-registered study (Study 4) focused on hiring decisions, people were less likely to hire a candidate with a higher (versus lower) pay history for a subordinate position on their team. Taken together, the studies demonstrate that visible pay disparities affect collaboration and selection decisions but in different ways: people tend to show a bias in favor of higher-paid peers as collaboration partners while they show an aversion to hiring people with higher-pay histories as subordinates.
Identifying pathways from childhood adversity to suicidal thoughts and behaviors among sexual minority adults: An exploratory mediation analysis
Authors: Tang Mingcong , Rodriguez Violeta J. , Stanton Amelia M. , Trichtinger Lauren A. , Yung Alexander , Liu Qimin
Published: July 2024

BackgroundThe current study uses a nationally representative longitudinal dataset of sexual minority adults in the US to investigate the pathways from adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) to adulthood suicidal thoughts and behaviors.MethodsACEs were measured at year one, potential mediators at year two, and suicidal thoughts and behaviors (suicidal ideation, intent, plan, and attempt) at year three. We conducted an exploratory mediation analysis to identify potential mediating factors linking ACEs to suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Ten candidate mediators were examined: social well-being, felt stigma, experiences of everyday discrimination, social support, psychological distress, alcohol and drug use, importance of sexual identity, community connection, and internalized homophobia.ResultsParticipants were 1518 adults who identified as lesbian or gay (n = 833; 55 %), bisexual (n = 493; 33 %), or with other sexual minority identities (n = 181; 12 %) and were on average 36.48 years (SD = 14.7) of age. Psychological distress served as a common mediator between ACEs and suicidal ideation, intent, plan, and attempt. Additionally, experiences of everyday discrimination emerged as a specific mediator leading to suicidal intent, whereas social support uniquely mediated the relation between ACEs and suicide plan.LimitationsPotential recall bias due to retrospective reporting of ACEs may be a limitation. Future studies should broaden the measurement scope of ACEs and implement intersectional methods.ConclusionThe current findings underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions that address the specific mental health needs of sexual minority individuals, particularly focusing on mitigating psychological distress, combating systemic discrimination, and enhancing social support.
The Word Learning Dynamic Assessment Protocol (WorLDAP): Practice guidelines for speech-language pathologists
Authors: Jackson Emily , Leitao Suze , Claessen Mary , Calder Samuel
Published: July 2024

Executive summary: There are few available resources to support speech-language pathologists’ (SLPs’) dynamic assessment of vocabulary. This paper describes the development of, and practice guidelines for implementing, the Word Learning Dynamic Assessment Protocol (WorLDAP). This task is designed for use by SLPs to assess the word learning capacity of school-aged children. This information may be used in practice as part of an oral language assessment battery to determine a child’s strengths and weaknesses in language, and this information may be used to guide planning for intervention. The WorLDAP follows a test-teach-retest structure with graduated prompting. This paper includes a description of the theoretical underpinnings of the WorLDAP. It also includes guidelines and a link to practical resources (e.g., record forms) that SLPs may use to aid their administration and scoring of the WorLDAP. This paper has been developed in accordance with the Reporting Items for practice Guidelines in HealThcare (RIGHT) reporting statement (Chen et al., 2017). The WorLDAP is in the early stages of pilot and feasibility testing (the results of which will be reported separately), so caution and clinical judgement must be used by SLPs deciding to use the task and resources in practice. Abbreviations and acronyms: WorLDAP (Word Learning Dynamic Assessment Protocol); DA (dynamic assessment); SLP (speech-language pathologist)