bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INTERFACE DA INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL E GENÔMICA FUNCIONAL: ÊNFASE NO SISTEMA CRISPR
Authors: Matias Amanda Gilvani Cordeiro , Carvalho Danila Guimarães , Silveira Silvana Braga da
Published: November 2024

A genômica é um campo interdisciplinar da biologia molecular que estuda a estrutura, função, evolução, mapeamento e edição de genomas dos organismos, pela decodificação dos genomas dos seres biológicos para análises de dados. Sua interface com a inteligência artificial tem sido intensificada a partir de estratégias de Deep Learning (DL) na abordagem do Big Data e no sistema Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) desponta possibilidades revolucionárias na biotecnologia e medicina. O objetivo foi descrever o perfil do uso da inteligência artificial aplicada a genômica funcional e no sistema de edição genética CRISPR. Trata-se de uma revisão de escopo que selecionou artigos de 2020-2024 com buscas nas bases da SciELO, NCBI/PubMed®, Science Direct. A combinação mnemônica PCC (População, Contexto, Conceito) foi utilizada para definir a questão norteadora da pesquisa. A  revisão foi descrita conforme diretrizes do checklist Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Foram inclusos 20 artigos que atenderam aos critérios da pesquisa e após analisar o conteúdo sobre a conexão da inteligência artificial (IA) ​​e as ciências ômicas, verificou-se notórios avanços referente ao aumento da precisão e alcance das tecnologias assistidas pelo aprendizado de máquina. Conclui-se que algoritmos treinados permitem o aprendizado de máquina na mineração de grande volume de dados e proporciona análises preditivas e mais precisas e supera métodos tradicionais. A IA amplia a capacidade de dispositivos tecnológicos nas ciências ômicas e o rendimento; no sistema CRISPR supera métodos tradicionais em precisão, padrões generalizáveis e compreensão do design de RNA-guia.
Planowane rozszerzenie „Unia 30+” a alokacja miejsc w Parlamencie Europejskim
Authors: Barcz Jan
Published: November 2024

Przedmiot artykułu dotyczy formuły alokacji miejsc w Parlamencie Europejskim w świetle planowanego rozszerzenia Unii Europejskiej. Przedstawiono przebieg prac nad tym zagadnieniem w świetle postanowień Traktatu z Nicei i Traktatu z Lizbony. Wskazano na znaczenie tego problemu, zwłaszcza wobec nowej formuły podejmowania decyzji w Radzie UE większością kwalifikowaną. Niemniej uzgodnienie stałego systemu gwarantującego przestrzeganie zasady degresywnej proporcjonalności przy alokacji miejsc w Parlamencie Europejskim jest bardzo trudne. Należy raczej zakładać, że podział miejsc w Parlamencie Europejskim podczas finalizacji planowanego rozszerzenia Unii będzie, jak dotychczas, przede wszystkim wynikiem kontraktu politycznego między państwami członkowskimi.
Moschcowitz Syndrome – A Rare Conundrum with Acute Pancreatitis – Case Report and Narrative Review of Literature
Authors: Mishra Debashish , Abdelrahman Ashraf Talat Mohammed , Pillai Abeesh Padmanabha , Syed Sajid , Ahmad Mudhasir , Surapaneni Sahithi , Lazar Mathew Vadukoot , Yadav Yogesh , Gupta Priyanka , Gupta Rakesh Kumar , Warier Sekhar , Kader Rafeek Puthukudikandyl , Shetty Devendra , Puthenkote Baiju Faizal
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Moschcowitz syndrome or Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP) is a thrombogenic condition due to deficiency or dysfunction of A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif member 13 (ADAMTS13), which causes a myriad of clinical presentations. The association between acute pancreatitis and TTP is a conundrum as both can be etiology and effect of one another. We describe a clinical case and review the available literature to understand this conundrum better.
Case: A 52-year-old male was admitted to our setting with acute pancreatitis and on further evaluation was found to have deranged renal function with anemia and thrombocytopenia. He had multiple seizures during his stay requiring mechanical ventilation. Based on clinical findings a diagnosis of TTP was suspected which was confirmed on relevant investigations. His course and management were a challenge for the team.
Discussion: A thorough literature search was conducted to identify all published reports/case series on acute pancreatitis and TTP. Of 38 identified publications, 20 case reports were reviewed as a cohort of acute pancreatitis and TTP. All cases had acute pancreatitis before TTP, alcohol being the most common cause. Early diagnosis and initiation of plasma exchange improves prognosis.
Conclusion: Acute pancreatitis is a sinister trigger for TTP. Vigilance, suspicion, and early diagnosis are crucial to manage these cases. Early plasma exchange reduces mortality and hospital stay.
El grupo empresarial público en Colombia
Authors: Córdoba Acosta Pablo Andrés
Published: November 2024

El grupo empresarial público es una muestra de cómo el grupo empresarial, que es la forma jurídica predilecta de la gran empresa contemporánea, influye en todos los ámbitos del derecho. En efecto, cuando el Estado, para el cumplimiento de sus fines, adopta la forma de un empresario y ejerce la empresa pública de grupo, se impone la aplicación de los derechos público y privado, ello sin perjuicio del ánimo de lucro que supone la empresa, demostrando cómo la coherencia del ordenamiento jurídico, a pesar de la diversificación del derecho y de la especialidad en la expedición de las normas jurídicas, es todavía un principio fundamental que en este caso está al servicio de la primacía del interés general sobre el particular.
ITALIJANSKA KNJIŽEVNOST U NASTAVNIM PROGRAMIMA OSNOVNIH I SREDNJIH ŠKOLA U SRBIJI
Authors: Varnica Nevena , Tokin Marina
Published: November 2024

Rad se zasniva na istraživanju zastupljenosti italijanske književnosti u aktuelnim programima nastave i učenja (srpskog jezika i književnosti) osnovnih i srednjih škola u Srbiji. U radu se predstavljaju književna dela koja su obavezni i izborni sadržaji, dela koja se čitaju u odlomcima ili u celini kao školska ili kao domaća lektira. Posmatra se na koji način je sačinjen odabir i u kojoj meri je zastupljena savremena italijanska književnost, kako i koliko se novim programima odstupilo od višedecenijskog obrasca u kojem su dominirali predstavnici humanizma i renesanse. Cilj ovog rada je i otkrivanje kakve se predstave o Italiji, italijanskoj kulturi i istoriji dobijaju kroz nastavu književnosti i kakvu sliku stvaraju aktuelna akreditovana izdanja udžbenika.
Security of Romanian Electronic Passports: The Protection of Personal Data in the Digital Age
Authors: BĂDIȚĂ Aurelian-Gabriel
Published: November 2024

Highlighting the evolution and importance of electronic passports in Romania, respectively the security risk associated with cyber attacks against the system for issuing these documents, represents a first pillar in the development of strategies to protect national security. Adopting a proactive approach in managing cyber risks in ensuring the security of the electronic passport issuance system, respectively the security of citizens' personal data, is necessary to provide an optimal climate of trust, both for the national/European/international order and security structures, and for the well-being of the citizens who request such documents. It can be seen that attackers or impostors develop various strategies to identify and gain access to data in electronic passports in order to exploit or compromise them. Many of them resort to different methods of accessing the personal data of electronic passport holders in order to falsify them and use them to cross the state border, respectively to alienate them to other potential criminals who want to evade border control. The structures responsible for issuing e-passports implement state-of-the-art high-performance electronic security equipment and systems to counter cyber-attacks, but permanent security methods are required, as attackers resort to modern advanced methods of unauthorized access.
The Importance of Combating Fake News and its Impact in the Digital Age
Authors: TAUBER Gabriel-Virgil , VASILE Sergiu-Adrian
Published: November 2024

In an era of massive digitization and technologization, information represents the quintessence of success on all levels and in all fields. With a major power and influence in achieving success, disinformation, however, gains in the last period of time more followers who, through different methods and means, manage to manipulate and control different social categories in order to achieve the intended goal. There is currently a risk that a piece of information (fake news) will cause harm and damage not only at the individual level but also at the macro level, destabilizing order and national security. As we will show in this article, with the help of artificial intelligence, with the help of each individual, among cooperation at the international level and among an education appropriate to the century in which we live, we can hope to counteract and diminish this phenomenon that it can also have geopolitical consequences and more.
Cimarinjung River Water Quality Study in Ciwaru Village Ciletuh Geopark Area, Sukabumi Regency, West Java
Authors: Fadjriani Aida , Putri Ifti Nanda , Syahrani Yasinta , Fitriyah Faizah Nur , Dahlia Siti , Ramadhan Dwi , Hartono Dwi Ari , Hofifah Erni , Nadhira Faizzati , Putri Ika Tiana , Ristiadi Rakina , Susilawati Yeti
Published: November 2024

This study aims to determine the water quality of the Cimarinjung River in the Ciletuh Geopark area, Ciwaru Village. The method used in the study was a survey method by taking samples at one location of Cimarinjung River water samples. The results of the study found that the water quality of the Cimarinjung River had some parameters that did not meet the standards required in the water quality standards in Government Regulation Number 22 of 2021 concerning the Implementation of Environmental Protection and Management (Appendix VI concerning Class 1 National Water Quality Standards). Shown by water quality in physical parameters, namely the total solids are sorted by 1369 mg/l which is not in accordance with the requirements (1000 mg/l). The water quality for chemical parmeter, chloride (Cl), was 9340 mg/l exceeding the required limit (300 mg/l). The quality of the biological parameter is APM Esherichia Coli 350 APM/100 ml which exceeds the required limit (100 APM/100 ml).
Difference in Geography Study Results of Students Teached by PBL (Problem Based Learning) and PjBL (Project Based Learning)
Authors: Sitohang Ayu Lestari , Damanik M Ridha Syafii
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the significant differences in Geography learning outcomes of students taught by PBL (Problem Based Learning) model compared to PjBL (Project Based Learning). This research is a quasi-experimental research with Pretest Posttest Control Group design. The data collection method used tests that were analyzed by t-tests. This research was conducted in class XI IIS SMAN 10 Medan. The results showed that the learning outcomes of students through the PBL learning model were 83.529 ± 6.801, while the learning outcomes of students with the PjBL model were 82.794 ± 7.092. Although the learning outcomes obtained are different, but the statistical test results show there is no significant difference between the learning outcomes of students taught with PBL and PjBL models α = 0.05 where Ha is rejected while H0 is accepted.Keywords: Learning Outcomes, Problem Based Learning, Project Based Learning
Penyuluhan Kesehatan Terkait Edukasi Menstruasi dan Mkm (Manajemen Kebersihan Menstruasi) Pada Remaja Putri
Authors: Mentari Ika Ayu , Jannah Raudatul , Aisyah Siti , Kharisma Putri Lisa , Pratama Rizky Putra , Shety Shety , Radityo Muhammad Bayu
Published: November 2024

Menstruasi adalah keluarnya darah dari rahim secara teratur setiap bulannya dan menjadi indikasi penanda organ kandungan wanita sudah berfungsi dengan baik. Menstruasi terkait dengan beberapa kesalahanpahaman tentang praktik kebersihan diri. Manajemen kebersihan menstruasi sangat penting untuk dijaga karena pada saat menstruasi sangat rentan terjadi gangguan saluran kemih, gangguan saluran reproduksi dan iritasi kulit terutama pada bagian genitalia. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini untuk memberikan edukasi terkait menstruasi dan manajemen kebersihan menstruasi (MKM). Kegiatan pengabdian dilakukan di SMP Muhammadiyah 3 Samarinda khususnya di kelas VII dengan jumlah remaja putri sebanyak 23 orang. Metode penyuluhan menggunakan metode ceramah dan media penyuluhan menggunakan booklet dan video animasi, waktu pelaksanaan penyuluhan yaitu pada bulan November 2023. Berdasarkan hasil pretes dari sebelum dilakukan penyuluhan untuk tingkat pengetahuan tentang menstruasai dan manajemen kebersihan didapatkan score rata-rata 48,69 dan hasil setelah dilakukan penyuluhan (postest) didapatkan rata-rata score tingkat pengetahuan peserta meningkat menjadi 80.Kata Kunci: Edukasi, Penyuluhan, Menstruasi, MKMMenstruation is the discharge of blood from the uterus regularly every month and is an indication that a woman's uterine organs are functioning properly. Menstruation is linked to several misconceptions about personal hygiene practices. Menstrual hygiene management is very important to maintain because during menstruation it is very susceptible to urinary tract disorders, reproductive tract disorders and skin irritation, especially on the genitals. The aim of this service activity is to provide education regarding menstruation and menstrual hygiene management (MKM). Service activities were carried out at SMP Muhammadiyah 3 Samarinda, especially in class VII, with a total of 23 adolescent girl. The extension method uses the lecture method and the education media uses booklets and animated videos, the time for the extension is in November 2023. Based on the pretest results from before the counseling was carried out for the level of knowledge about menstruation and hygiene management, the average results were 48.6 and the results after the counseling were carried out (posttest) it was found that the level of participants' knowledge increased to 80.
On Motions of a Dynamical System with a Relay Hysteresis
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Kamachkin A. M. ,   Saint Petersburg State University, Potapov D. K. ,   Saint Petersburg State University, Yevstafyeva V. V.
Published: November 2024

We study an $n$-dimensional system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with a relay nonsymmetric hysteresis. Conditions under which the system of ODEs governs a dynamical system are specified. We obtain sufficient conditions for motions of the system to be recurrent or periodic. Also, we consider various configurations for the closed phase trajectories (orbits) of the motions as well as properties of fixed (switching) points on these trajectories. An example for the system of dimension $3$ is given to support the obtained results.
1933 Avusturya’sında Türklerden Kurtuluş Kutlamaları [Türkenbefreiungsfeier]: Tarihsel Arka Plan ve Türkiye’deki Yansımaları
Authors: Keskin Mustafa Berat
Published: November 2024

İki Dünya Savaşı arası dönemde (1918-1939), Avrupa, siyasi istikrarsızlık ve otoriter rejimlerin yükselişi ile büyük güçler arasındaki gerilimlere sahne olmuştur. Bu dönemde Türkiye ve Avusturya, uluslararası gerginliklere rağmen diplomatik ilişkilerini genellikle olumlu bir şekilde sürdürmüştür. Ancak, 1933'te Viyana’da gerçekleştirilen Türklerden Kurtuluş Kutlamaları, bu ilişkiler üzerinde olumsuz etkiler yaratmıştır. Avusturya, Almanya’nın ilhak tehdidi ve Sovyetler Birliği’nin Bolşevik propagandası arasında sıkışmışken, II. Viyana Kuşatması’nın 250. Yıldönümü üzerinden yeni bir düşman algısı yaratılmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu kutlamalar, Avusturya’da ulusal bir bilinç oluşturmayı ve bağımsızlığı vurgulamayı amaçlamıştır. 1933’te yapılan kutlamalar, Mayıs ayında yapılan ilk etkinliklerin ardından, 7-12 Eylül tarihlerinde hükümet ve kilise iş birliğiyle daha geniş kapsamlı bir şekilde düzenlenmiştir. Eylül ayındaki bu etkinlikler sırasında beklenildiği gibi Türk karşıtı bir atmosfer oluşmamış, aksine Avusturyalı yetkililer organizasyonda dikkatli ve temkinli bir yaklaşım sergilemiştir. Sonuç olarak kutlamalar bir propaganda aracı olmaktan öteye geçememiş ve halk üzerinde hükümetin umduğu etkiyi yaratamamıştır. Bu çalışma, söz konusu kutlamaların planlanmasında etkili olan dinamikleri ve Türkiye’nin konuya yaklaşımını ele almaktadır.
Note for the P Versus NP Problem (II)
Authors: Vega Frank
Published: November 2024

The P versus NP problem is a cornerstone of theoretical computer science, asking whether problems that are easy to check are also easy to solve. "Easy" here means solvable in polynomial time, where the computation time grows proportionally to the input size. While this problem's origins can be traced to John Nash's 1955 letter, its formalization is credited to Stephen Cook and Leonid Levin. Despite decades of research, a definitive answer remains elusive. Central to this question is the concept of NP-completeness. If even one NP-complete problem could be solved efficiently, it would imply that all problems in NP could be solved efficiently, proving P equals NP. This research proposes that a notoriously difficult NP-complete problem can be solved efficiently, thereby potentially establishing the equivalence of P and NP. This work is an expansion and refinement of the article "Note for the P versus NP problem", published in IPI Letters.
Josephson Junction Dynamics as a Ride on a Roller Coaster
Authors: Nappi Ciro , Camerlingo Carlo , Cristiano Roberto
Published: November 2024

We discuss the dynamics of a roller coaster cart driven by a constant force along the
suspended track of a winding roller coaster. The track is assumed arbitrarily long and specially
shaped. It is made by semicircular track portions, in the form of valleys and hills, standing perfectly
vertical in the same plane. This is a mechanical analog of a Josephson junction electrodynamics. To
demonstrate the explanatory potential of the analogy, we focus particularly on the conditions of
de-trapping of the cart from one of the valleys of the track. This mechanical process has its analog in
a non-noise-generated premature switching to the finite voltage state of a Josephson junction.
Quantum Epistemology and Mode 4 Knowledge Production: Catalyzing Transformative Learning for a Complex World
Authors: Moleka Pitshou
Published: November 2024

In an era of unprecedented global challenges, the limitations of traditional, siloed approaches to knowledge production have become increasingly apparent. The prevailing Newtonian, mechanistic worldview that has long dominated Western academic and scientific paradigms is proving insufficient in the face of the complex, interconnected, and rapidly changing realities that humanity now confronts. Recognizing this imperative, pioneering scholars have begun to explore alternative epistemological frameworks that can more effectively navigate the uncertainty, ambiguity, and nonlinearity of the 21st century. This article introduces the groundbreaking concepts of “Quantum Epistemology” and “Mode 4 Knowledge Production” - transformative new paradigms that draw upon insights from quantum physics, systems theory, integral theory, and emerging models of consciousness to radically reimagine the nature of knowledge, learning, and reality. Quantum Epistemology posits that knowledge is not a static, objective commodity to be accumulated, but rather a dynamic, participatory, and co-creative process rooted in the inherent interconnectedness of all phenomena. Mode 4 Knowledge Production, in turn, is a comprehensive framework for cultivating collaborative, transdisciplinary, and values-driven approaches to the generation, validation, and application of knowledge - empowering individuals, organizations, and communities to address the world’s most complex challenges in holistic, inclusive, and transformative ways. By integrating these pioneering concepts, this article makes several groundbreaking contributions. Firstly, it articulates a quantum-informed understanding of knowledge that transcends the limitations of traditional epistemologies, embracing the paradoxical, complementary, and contextual nature of reality. Secondly, it outlines the key principles and dimensions of Mode 4 Knowledge Production, including the centrality of diverse worldviews, the fusion of theory and practice, and the alignment of knowledge creation with values-based transformation. Thirdly, it provides a comprehensive roadmap for cultivating Mode 4 learning ecosystems that can harness the power of collective intelligence, adaptive capacity, and systemic change to catalyze positive global impact. Through the synthesis of empirical evidence, theoretical insights, and practical case studies, this article offers a compelling alternative to the prevailing knowledge production paradigms that have perpetuated fragmentation, reductionism, and the privileging of certain cultural perspectives over others. By empowering a shift towards Quantum Epistemology and Mode 4 Knowledge Production, this framework equips individuals, organizations, and communities around the world with the transformative learning capacities required to navigate complexity, foster adaptability, and drive breakthrough solutions to the most pressing challenges of our time.
Brolucizumab for the Treatment of Diabetic Macular Edema: An Optical Coherence Tomography – Based Analysis
Authors: Pastore Marco R , Milan Serena , Gouigoux Stefano , Colombo Olimpia , Rinaldi Silvia , Cirigliano Gabriella , Tognetto Daniele
Published: November 2024

Objectives: to evaluate the structural and functional outcomes after the loading phase with Brolucizumab in switched patients with diabetic macular edema (DME), and to identify potential predictive biomarkers of treatment response. Methods: A total of 28 eyes with DME, switched to Brolucizumab, were retrospectively reviewed. Main outcomes during the follow-up period, up to 6 weeks after the fifth injection, included changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central subfield thickness (CST), macular volume, subfoveal choroidal thickness, intraretinal and subretinal fluid (IRF, SRF), cyst dimension including maximal-horizontal-cyst-diameter (MHCD), maximal-vertical-cyst-diameter (MVCD), width to height ratio (WHR), foveal avascular zone (FAZ) dimension, and vessel density (VD). Results: At the last follow-up, BCVA was significantly improved (p=0.003). Significant reduction of CST was demonstrated after each injection time point (p<0.05), and a dry macula was detected in 64.3% of patients at the last follow-up. The WHR was 1.23 ± 0.46 and a negative correlation to final CST (p<0.0001) was found. In FAZ and VD analysis, no significant variation was detected. At the last disease activity assessment, the treatment regimen was q12 in 64% of patients. Conclusion: brolucizumab leads to anatomical and functional improvements in switched eyes affected by DME. WHR may represent a predictive biomarker of treatment response.
Efficiency Evaluation of Small Conventional Electrical Transformers
Authors: Garabitos Lara Edwin
Published: November 2024

Transformers are essential machines in electrical energy distribution systems, which is why more efficient technologies for power transformers have been developed for decades. This has not been the case for mall transformers used in low voltage circuits, in literature there is little knowledge about his efficiency. This work seek to determine the efficiency of conventional transformers used in low voltage through a methodology that includes an analytical method and experimental tests. Three transformers in the Dominican Republic market are selected, two of 900 VA and one of 1500 VA, all step-downs of approximately 120 V/25 V. The initial load is a resistive load of 18.4 Ω. The results indicate that the efficiencies are in the range of 47 to 86.5%, considering variations in the load. The highest efficiency of the transformers was in the demand range of 12 to 24% of the nominal demand. In general, losses in the excitation branch in the core represent at least 90% of the losses, while losses in the windings represent the remaining part. Based on the results, a more exhaustive evaluation of the efficiency of small transformers is suggested, as well as economically evaluating the replacement of transformers with more efficient ones.
Geometric Nature of the Turánian of Modified Bessel Function of the First Kind
Authors: Sarkar Samanway , Prodanov Dimiter , Kumar Anish , Das Sourav
Published: November 2024

This work explores the geometric properties of the Turanian of the modified Bessel function of the first Kind (TMBF). By using the properties of the digamma function, we establish conditions under which the normalized TMBF satisfies starlikeness, convexity, k-starlikeness, k-uniform convexity, pre-starlikeness, lemniscate starlikeness and convexity, and exponential starlikeness and convexity are obtained. By combining methods from complex analysis, inequalities, and functional analysis, the article advances theory of Bessel functions and hypergeometric functions. Established results could be useful in approximation theory and bounding the behavior of functions.
Prognostic Value of the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index in Predicting One-Year Survival Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated with Platinum-Based Chemotherapy: Initial Findings from West Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Afriani Afriani , Ermayanti Sabrina , Firdaus Dimas Bayu
Published: November 2024

Background and objective: The Systemic Immune Inflammation Index (SII), a non-invasive bi-omarker utilizing platelet, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts, serves as an objective and pre-dictive indicator for the comprehensive assessment of host immune status and inflammation in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) patients. This study aims to evaluate the prognostic value of SII in advanced-stage NSCLC patients. Methods: This analytical observational study with a retrospective cohort design included 65 advanced-stage NSCLC patients who received a mini-mum of three cycles of chemotherapy from January 2020 to December 2022 at Dr. M Djamil Hospital Padang. Survival duration was defined as the period (in months) from the initiation of therapy until the patient either deceased or completed the observation phase, with the last fol-low-up in December 2023. Survival was categorized into two groups: less than one year and equal to or exceeding one year. The optimal SII cut-off values for one-year survival were deter-mined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results: The average SII in the group with less than one-year survival was higher compared to the other group (3,414.95 x 109/L vs 1,517.95 x 9/L). The ROC analysis revealed an Area Under the Curve (AUC) value of 0.745 (95% CI 0.62-0.87). The ideal SII cutoff for predicting one-year survival was 1760.00 x 109/L, with a sensitivity of 74% and specificity of 81%. Conclusion: The study's robust findings demonstrate that higher SII values are linked to shorter survival in advanced-stage NSCLC patients. The SII serves as a promising prognostic
Rat as a Predictive Model for Human Clearance and Bioavailability of Monoclonal Antibodies
Authors: Robarge Jason D. , Budge Kevin M. , Her Lucy , Patterson Andrea M. , Brown-Augsburger Patricia
Published: November 2024

Background: Prediction of human clearance (CL) and subcutaneous (SC) bioavailability are critical aspects of monoclonal antibody (mAb) selection for clinical development. While monkeys are a well-accepted model for predicting human CL, other preclinical species have been less-thoroughly explored. Unlike CL, predicting bioavailability of SC administered mAbs in humans remains challenging as contributing factors are not well understood, and preclinical models have not been systematically evaluated.
Methods: Nonclinical and clinical pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters were mined from public and internal sources for rats, cynomolgus monkeys, and humans. Intravenous (IV) and SC PK was determined in Sprague Dawley rats for fourteen mAbs without existing PK data. Together we obtained cross-species data for 25 mAbs to evaluate CL and SC bioavailability relationships among rats, monkeys, and humans.
Results: Rat and monkey CL significantly correlated with human CL and supported the use of species-specific exponents for body weight-based allometric scaling. Notably, rat SC bioavailability significantly correlated with human SC bioavailability, while monkey did not. Bioavailability also correlated with clearance.
Conclusions: The rat model enables early assessment of mAb PK properties, allowing discrimination among molecules in the discovery pipeline and prediction of human PK. Importantly, rat SC bioavailability significantly correlated with human SC bioavailability, which has not been observed with other species. Rats are cost effective and efficient relative to monkeys and provide a valuable tool for pharmacokinetic predictions in therapeutic antibody discovery.
Pre-Trained Language Model for Temporal Knowledge Graph Completion
Authors: Feng Wenying , Li Jianming , Zhang Zhiqiang , Zhao Angxiao , Jia Yan , Gu Zhaoquan
Published: November 2024

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been proven remarkable in natural language processing, which prompts numerous works on knowledge extraction, knowledge fusion, knowledge representation, and knowledge completion. Existing works mainly focus on static multi-relational knowledge graph (KG). Unlike static knowledge graph, temporal knowledge graph (TKG) contains temporal information and evolves over time. Learning and reasoning about the representation of temporal knowledge graph are more difficult. Training or fine-tuning LLMs for temporal graph related tasks incurs significant computational overhead and requires the design of prompts. Conducting tasks of TKG does not necessarily require such complex work. Therefore, we explore temporal knowledge graph completion (TKGC) based on pre-trained "small" language model. We propose TKG-BERT by applying BERT for temporal knowledge graph completion and classification. Specifically, We introduce three ways to model temporal knowledge in TKG-BERT: vanilla knowledge embedding (Van.), explicit time modeling (Exp.) and implicit time modeling (Imp.). TKG-BERT(Van.) only adopts static knowledge without embedding time information; TKG-BERT(Exp.) embeds timestamp in quadruple explicitly; TKG-BERT(Imp.) models time implicitly, by dividing the training set and testing set in chronological order. We conduct experiments on ICEWS14 and ICEWS05-15, which are two public temporal knowledge graph datasets. Various experiments of temporal knowledge graph completion and classification tasks show the effectiveness of pre-trained language model for TKG completion. We also compare the performance of TKG-BERT accross different time modeling way and proportion of training set.
A Case of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with Mutually Exclusive EGFR and KRAS Mutations
Authors: Tushir Abhimanyu , Akhtar Israh , Seth Anjali
Published: November 2024

Historically, EGFR and KRAS mutations were believed to be mutually exclusive. However, over the past few years, there have been emerging case reports showing the co-existence of both mutations in a single case. The majority of these co-occurring alterations were detected in samples collected from patients at resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment, indicating a potential functional role in driving resistance to therapy. These co-occurring tumor genomic alterations are not necessarily mutually exclusive, and evidence suggests that multiple clonal and sub-clonal cancer cell populations can co-exist and contribute to EGFR TKI resistance. We have reported such a case of concomitant EGFR and KRAS mutation in a 64 year old female. This case highlights the importance of continuous molecular testing in managing NSCLC, especially in cases with rare mutation profiles. The emergence of new mutations during treatment can significantly impact the course of therapy and patient outcomes. In this case, the detection of both EGFR and KRAS mutations guided the selection of an appropriate targeted therapeutic strategy, including the use of Amivantamab.
Innovation Learning on The Topic of Sound: Rasch Analysis on Team Game Tournament with Uno Card Media
Authors: Hanindya Yovita , Supahar Supahar , Lestari Indiyah , Handono Budi , Dyaz Iqbal , Zukhruf Naura
Published: November 2024

This study aims to analyze the characteristics of the Teams Game Tournament (TGT) learning model instrument using the Rasch model on the topic of sound, incorporating Bloom's cognitive features. The analysis focuses on validity, reliability, discrimination capacity, and difficulty level to determine the instrument's feasibility. The study adopts the classroom action research paradigm. The instrument comprises ten multiple-choice questions. The findings indicate that the instrument demonstrates adequate validity within an acceptable range. The reliability analysis yields a Cronbach's alpha score of 0.82, indicating high reliability, with item reliability at 0.36 and person reliability at 0.32. Additionally, the discriminating power meets the criteria, as shown by Infit Mean Square (MNSQ), Outfit Z-Standard (ZSTD), and Point Measure Correlation (PT Measure Corr). Regarding difficulty level, the instrument includes five questions categorized as difficult, three as moderate, and two as easy.
The correlation of higher order thinking skills and scientific literacy of public high school students
Authors: Reski Fiska Indah , Daud Firdaus , Taiyeb A. Mushawwir , Pallenari Muhiddin , Hiola Siti Fatmah
Published: November 2024

Various studies show that the scientific literacy of Indonesian students is still in a very low category, based on a review of the literature several factors are thought to be involved, namely related to the thinking ability of students who have not reached higher cognitive abilities in this case higher order thinking skills. So, this study aims to determine the relationship between higher order thinking skills and scientific literacy in public high school students in Bulukumba Regency, this research is a correlational type with a quantitative approach. The population in this study were all XII grade students at public high schools in Bulukumba Regency. The samples in this study were XII grade students at SMAN A, SMAN B, SMAN C, SMAN D, SMAN E, SMAN F, SMAN G, and SMAN H. Data collection techniques in this study used multiple choice tests that tested the C4-C6 level and scientific literacy tests tested in the PISA Program. Data analysis in this study was conducted using simple correlation test with Product Moment correlation method. The results showed that there is a relationship between higher order thinking skills and scientific literacy of high school students in Bulukumba Regency. This is based on the results of the analysis obtained showing that the significance value of learning is smaller than 0.05, namely (0.001 <0.05).
Bills to Restrict Access to and Harm From Indoor Tanning Facilities in US State Legislatures, 1992‒2023
Authors: Buller David B. , Berteletti Julia , Heckman Carolyn , Schroth Kevin R. J. , Geller Alan C. , Stapleton Jerod L. , Adjei Irene , Mitarotondo Anna , Guild Samantha R. , Gershenwald Jeffrey E. , Dellavalle Robert , Pagoto Sherry
Published: November 2024

Objectives. To describe progression, content, and stringency of state legislation regulating indoor tanning and association with state government political party leadership.

Methods. Trained research assistants used legal mapping methods to code legislative bills on indoor tanning introduced in US states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. We calculated composite scores on the stringency of age restrictions and of warnings, operator requirements, and enforcement. We evaluated associations of the political party of the legislative sponsor and legislature majority.

Results. Between 1992 and 2023, 184 bills were introduced in 49 of 50 states and DC (56 laws were enacted, and 126 bills failed). An under-18 ban was enacted in 22 states and DC. Party affiliation of the bill sponsor and legislature majority combined to affect bill passage and age restrictions.

Conclusions. In many states, it took several years and proposed bills before a law on indoor tanning was enacted. Enacted bills were more stringent than failed bills.

Public Health Implications. Increasing support for stringent regulations on indoor tanning is evident and may motivate other states or the federal government to prohibit minors from using indoor tanning facilities. ( Am J Public Health. 2025;115(2):191–200. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307894 )
Trusted Messengers: Public Health Education and Advocacy in 20th Century Black American Newspapers
Authors: Muigai Wangui
Published: November 2024

For much of the 20th century, Black readers turned to Black newspapers for health information and advice. The messages reached hundreds of thousands across the United States during a period when the nation’s racially separate and unequal health care system limited the ability of Black communities to access vital resources, including public health education. This article, based on an analysis of several hundred health columns published between the 1910s and 1970, traces the origins and evolving role Black newspapers played as trusted messengers of health information. In doing so, it details the strategic ways Black health professionals as well as readers leveraged this form of media to promote health knowledge, address the prevention needs in Black communities, and advocate for better care. ( Am J Public Health. 2025;115(3):326–332. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307897 )
Problemáticas de la pesca ribereña desde la perspectiva de los actores sociales: el caso de la laguna de Tres Palos
Authors: Albarrán Gervacio Venecia , Sampedro Rosas María Laura , Rojas Herrera Agustín Aucencio , Tovilla Hernández Cristian , Villerías Salinas Salvador , Violante González Juan
Published: November 2024

La fragilidad de las localidades con actividades pesqueras ribereñas en el sur de México, enfrentan una serie de amenazas que ponen en riesgo la sustentabilidad de esta práctica. El objetivo fue caracterizar las problemáticas socioambientales y los puntos críticos para la pesca ribereña en la laguna de Tres Palos, Guerrero, México. Se utilizó la metodología con un enfoque cualitativo a través de la teoría fundamentada y la cartografía participativa, utilizando las técnicas de mapeo de actores clave, talleres participativos y opinión de expertos, los datos se analizaron a través de redes semánticas y un mapa social colectivo. Los resultados indicaron la existencia de contaminación de los recursos hídricos, falta de ordenamiento pesquero y falta de participación y confianza de los pescadores, lo que ha provocado la incertidumbre y vulnerabilidad de las comunidades costeras, la sobreexplotación de recursos pesqueros y la degradación del ecosistema y el hábitat. Se concluyó que el desarrollo socioecosistémico para las comunidades costeras, requiere de áreas de oportunidad que contemplen la participación de ellas en la toma de decisiones, con el fin de implementar políticas públicas eficaces para garantizar la sustentabilidad a mediano y largo plazo de los recursos acuáticos, terrestres y la zona costera en su conjunto.
Mega-eventos deportivos y transporte aéreo en una perspectiva geoestratégica: análisis del campeonato mundial de fútbol de Catar 2022
Authors: Díez-Pisonero Roberto , Prieto Parilla Raquel
Published: November 2024

En el actual contexto de globalización, las ciudades y/o países compiten no solo en términos económico-productivos, también tienden a considerar las manifestaciones culturales de orden global. Entre estas, destaca la celebración de eventos deportivos, convertidos en un método eficaz para ganar notoriedad en el mundo y fortalecer la imagen de los lugares anfitriones.
Utilizando una metodología multitécnica basada en la revisión bibliográfica y el análisis y tratamiento de datos estadísticos procedentes de organismos aéreos, esta investigación se detiene en el campeonato mundial de fútbol de Catar de 2022 para analizar su impacto en la actividad aérea.
Los resultados ponen de manifiesto no solo el “efecto mundial” sobre las diferentes métricas de estudio, sino especialmente, la apuesta decidida por el gobierno catarí en la diplomacia deportiva a través del binomio aerolínea (Qatar Airways) – aeropuerto (Internacional de Hamad).
Wellbore Transmissibility from Afterflow-Dominated Pressure Buildup Data
Authors: McKinley R. M.
Published: November 2024

This paper shows how pressure buildup data distorted by afterflow can be analyzed directly to give a numerical value for effective wellbore transmissibility. Because such data are directly indicative of wellbore-limited productivity, the method is helpful in assessing the need for and the effectiveness of a well stimulation. Alternatively, it is a method for interpreting that portion of a pressure buildup curve not subject to Horner analysis.

The method does not require any estimates of formation or wellbore properties for the analysis. The procedure consists of first plotting pressure buildup from flowing pressure as a function of shut-in time on a log-log scale and, second, matching the data points to one of a set of parametric type curves. From this match, a numerical value is calculated for wellbore transmissibility. Finally, the shape of the buildup curve indicates either wellbore damage or stimulation.

The paper describes the generation and use of type curves with computed data illustrating the effects of wellbore damage or stimulation. A variety of field examples demonstrate the practical utility of the method.
Determinants of Plasmodium infection prevalence using microscopy and nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) among febrile children suspected of malaria in Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Getie Sisay , Getenet Gebeyaw , Worku Ligabaw , Birhanie Meseret , Meda Aline Lamien , Abere Aberham , Noedl Harald
Published: November 2024

Background
Malaria in children remains a major public health problem in the global, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. WHO reported an annually declining burden of malaria in Ethiopia. Despite these, different parts of the country reported a contradictory result, and malaria remains to be the main cause of morbidity among children. However, Microscopic examination of peripheral blood smear produces reliable results. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the performance of microscopy and nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) to detect malaria suspected febrile children.
Methods
A health institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted in northwest Ethiopia. A total of 302 malaria suspected participants were included. The capillary blood sample was collected from each study subject for the confirmation of malaria and a questionnaire was used to collect associated risk factors. Data analysis using SPSS version 23, Chi-square and multivariate analysis were performed for the comparison of categorical variables and assessment of associated risk factors, respectively. 𝑃 values less than 0.05 were taken as statistically significant. R
esults:
The overall prevalence of malaria was 22.2% and 18.2% by microscopy and nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR), respectively. In nPCR malaria was found in 19.2% of males and 17.3% of female study subjects while the highest prevalence (25.6%) was observed among the age group ≥ 5 years old. Children in the age group between 1–5 years old were approximately 6 times more likely to be affected by malaria. And children who had no habited of bed net usages at all times were 12 times more likely to be contracted with malaria.
Conclusion
This study revealed that malaria infection among children seeks emphasis and need to specify the bottlenecks of all universal health coverage and community health awareness. In addition, the study suggested the need for adequate professional training towards clinical management of malaria to support unbiased diagnosis and treatment of childhood malaria.
Exploring Motivation and Barriers to Physical Activity among Adults Saudi Women
Authors: Alajlan Sarah , ALJOHANI obaidalah , Boughattas Wissal
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to discover Saudi women’s perceptions of their motivation to engage in physical activity and the challenges of engaging in physical activity at Taif University. The research also aimed to test whether there were significant differences among the variables due to age, type of work, and marital status, as well as to clarify whether the women were engaged in physical activity or sports. Moreover, the research investigated whether there was a statistically significant correlation between Saudi women’s perceptions of their motivation to engage in physical activity and the challenges of engaging in physical activity at Taif University. This study used Self-determination theory as the theoretical framework for understanding motivation. A self-administered questionnaire was used for this research. The study’s total population consisted of 2,762 women. The results revealed that the female students and employees at Taif University were influenced by five motivations (psychological motives, fitness-related motives, health motives, athletic-inclination motives, and social motives). Psychological motives were the highest -ranked items for the motivation elements that inspire adult Saudi women to participate in physical activity (AP). Concerning the challenges with PA practices, the results confirmed that the physical and service obstacles were the major constraints of daily physical-activity practices. The study indicated that 30-40-year-old women were more motivated to practice regular physical activity than the other participants. More empirical study is needed to confirm, refute, or interpret the conclusions.
Health Literacy Levels and Self-Rated Health in the state of Delaware: a cross-sectional Study
Authors: Tutu Raymond , Ameyaw Edmund , Kwagyan John , Ottie-Boakye Doris
Published: November 2024

Background
Better health literacy has been found to be associated with better health outcomes across varied populations. This study aimed to (1) examine the health literacy levels of individuals with respect to the extent to which they acquire, understand, appraise, and apply health information, and (2) to assess the relationship between health literacy and self-reported health in the state of Delaware.
Methods
The sampling frame consisted of 60 purposively selected faith-based organizations across the state of Delaware who predominantly serve minorities. Accounting for clustering design, a sample size was determined based on a Mixed Methods test. In total, 1095 participants responded to a survey questionnaire which included a validated short version of the European Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q16). The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, reliability techniques, chi-square test of independence, and ordinal logistic regression.
Results
The study found that about a quarter of the participants had inadequate level of health literacy and about another quarter had problematic level of health literacy. These results are reflected across the health domains – health care, disease prevention, and health promotion. Health literacy was predictor of self-rated health. The odds of better self-rated health are 0.360 times lower for people with inadequate health literacy levels compared to those with sufficient health literacy.
Conclusion
Health literacy profoundly shapes health outcomes. The high proportion of people expressing difficulty concerning accessing, comprehending, appraising, and using health information in the health care, disease prevention, and health promotion domains in state of Delaware would require a concerted effort.