bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ULASAN Kajian Filogenetika Molekuler dan Peranannya dalam Menyediakan Informasi Dasar untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Sumber Genetik Anggrek
Authors: Hidayat Topik , Pancoro Adi
Published: February 2017

Early information
resulted from molecular phylogenetic studies of many important
ornamental crops is often less attention to many
growers and farmers. Phylogenetics is one of the most preferable
method in systematics to reconstruct evolutionary
relationships of groups of biological organisms in order to
understand their biodiversities. This has been revolutionized
by DNA sequences data. In this method, a group of organisms
that shares many identical characteristics are considered
to be closely related; deriving from a common
ancestor and is assumed to have similar genetic patterns
and biochemical properties. By these basic principles,
molecular phylogenetics plays important roles in revealing a
basic knowledge on pattern of relationships to which
genetic resources can be improved. Over the past decade,
botanists have done several thousand phylogenetic analyses
based on molecular data of economically and horticulturally
important crops. Orchids are the best example for this.
There is no doubt that most orchid plants had played roles in
horticulture and hybridization. At present, many infrageneric
and intergeneric hybrids are available commercially. Successful
hybridization can be achieved if two or more individual
plants understudy are closely related in respect to their
genetics and evolution.
Keragaman Genetik Inbrida Jagung QPM dan Normal Berbasis Marka Mikrosatelit dan Hubungannya dengan Penampilan Hibrida
Authors: Pabendon Marcia B. , Azrai M. , Mejaya M. J. , Sutrisno Sutrisno
Published: February 2017

Information on genetic divergence of
inbred lines and performance of the hybrids developed from
the lines is a great value in maize hybrid program. A study
was conducted to evaluate genetic diversity of six QPM and
five normal maize inbred lines, to determine the relationship
between genetic distance based on SSR markers and the
grain yield of single cross hybrid, and to get information
promising hybrid from the single cross of QPM hybrid.
Twenty four polymorphic primers that covered the 10 maize
chromosomes were used to fingerprint the lines, detecting
in 94 alleles (average of 3.9 and a range of 2-6 alleles per
locus). Genetic divergences were determined using the
Jaccard’s similarity coefficient, and a dendrogram was
constructed using the UPGMA. Cluster analysis divided the
inbreds into two clusters that were confirmed by principal
coordinate analysis. Two promising QPM hybrids that are
crossed from different heterotic group were found. The
estimated value of simple correlations (r) of GDs with the
gain yield of single cross hybrid was negatif (-0.07). There is
a need to conduct more field trials to obtain more accurate
correlations, particularly in a practical utility for predicting
maize hybrid performance for grain yield.
Potensi Pemanfaatan Perangkat Diagnostik ELISA serta Variannya untuk Deteksi Patogen Tanaman
Authors: Suryadi Yadi , Manzila Ifa , Machmud Muhammad
Published: February 2017

Diseases are
major constrains to agricultural crop productions in Indonesia.
In the current free world trade system, the chances of
introduction of plant quarantine agents are higher, and are
difficult to control, due to importation of seeds and other
planting materials. Principles of the plant disease control
include exclusion and eradication. Early and accurate disease
diagnosis is an early and important step for a successful
disease control. Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay
(ELISA) is a promising technique for an aneffective and
efficient disease diagnosis. Some advantages of technique
over the conventional and molecular diagnostic techniques
are economical use of reagents, high sensitivity, relatively
simple and quick, suitable for large numbers of samples,
and adaptable for automation. In the past decade, several
variants and kits of ELISA had been introduced, such as
Indirect ELISA, F(ab’)2 ELISA, Dot Blot ELISA, and Immuno
Fluorescence Assay (ELFA). Based on the solid membrane
used, the Dot Blot ELISA some variants were developed,
such as the NCM-ELISA, Tissue Blotting ELISA, dan Paper ELISA. The ELISA variants had different limit of detection levels. The limit detection of the variants for bacteria is ranging from 102-105 cells/ml, while those for viruses were from 1-10 ng/ml. The times required for the ELISA tests ranging from 5-48 hours. Models and components of ELISA kits for some viral and bacterial plant pathogens had been developed, but more are still needed since generally for each pathogen needs a different kit. The commercially available ELISA kits are limited in numbers, some of them
are for pathogens that are not present in Indonesia. Production of ELISA kits for domestic uses will be more effective and efficent, particularly for pathogens that are present in the country. The ELISA kits are applicable not only fo detection and identification of pathogens, but also for
ecological study of the pathogens in conjuction with epidemiological study of the disease. This paper is a brief review on the ELISA technique and its variants and potential uses for detection of plant pathogens
Peranan Zat Pengatur Tumbuh dalam Perbanyakan Tanaman melalui Kultur Jaringan
Authors: Lestari Endang Gati
Published: February 2017

The Role of Growth Regulator in Tissue Culture Plant
Propagation. Endang G. Lestari. In plant tissue culture,
growth regulator has significant roles such as to control root
and shoot development in the plant formation and callus
induction. Cytokinin and auxin are two prominent growth
regulator. Cytokinin consists of BA (benzil adenin), kinetin
(furfuril amino purin), 2-Ip (dimethyl allyl amino purin), and
zeatin. While auksin covers IAA (indone acetic acid), NAA
(napthalene acetic acid), IBA (indole butiric acid) 2.4-D (2.4-
dicholophenoxy acetic acid), dicamba (3,6 dicloro-O-anisic
acid), and picloram (4-amino 3,5,6-tricloropicolinic acid).
The emphasis of plant growth purposes decide the use of
growth regulator. Cytokinin is applied mainly for the purpose
of shoot, while auxin is mainly used for the purpose of root
and callus. The application of growth regulator application is
varied, depending on the genotype and physiological
condition of the plant. The existence of a certain growth
regulating substances can enhance growth regulator activity
of other substances. The type and concentration of the
appropriate growth regulators for each plant is not the same
because it depends on the genotype and physiological
condition of plant tissue. However so often both are
frequently required depend on the ratio/ratio of auxin
cytokines or vice versa. The existence of a certain growth
regulating substances can enhance growth regulator activity
of other substances. The type and concentration of the
appropriate growth regulators for each plant is not the same
because it depends on the genotype and physiological
condition of plant tissue. For the propagation, multiple and
adventive shoots along with embriosomatic formation could
be applied. The seedling is obtained from one somatic cell.
Here, strong auxin, such as dicamba and picloram 2.4-D, is
utilized for callus production. For this reason, seedling per
unit could be produced more than that of organogenesis.
Analisis Gen Selubung Protein Chilli Veinal Mottle Potyvirus dari Beberapa Daerah di Indonesia
Authors: Manzila Ifa , Hidayat Sri H. , Mariska Ika , Sujiprihati Sriani
Published: February 2017

Variation on symptoms and virulence was
observed on different isolates of ChiVMV collected from
West Java, Central Java, East Java, South Kalimantan, West
Sumatera and Central Aceh. Research was conducted to
study genetic variation of six ChiVMV isolates based on
sequence analysis of coat protein (CP) gene and amino
acid. Sequence analysis of CP gene showed 87% to 99%
homology among the six isolates with level of variation
ranging from 0.02% to 1.48%. Sequence analysis of amino
acid derived from CP gene showed 85% to 99% homology.
Further analysis on amino acid motives of CP gene indicated
mutation of octapeptide motif, i.e
LSGQVQPQSRQSEMETEVPQVR on ChiVMV CKB and
RMETFGLDGRVGTQEEDTERHT on other ChiVMV isolates.
Other differences was observed on amino acid number 61
and 84 i.e. deletion of MET and mutation of GG to KV on
ChiVMV BL and KR. Phyllogenetic analysis based on
nucleotide and amino acid sequence showed that six
isolates of ChiVMV can be differentiated into three groups.
ChiVMV KR and BL were in the same group with ChiVMV
Pataruman (GeneBank No. access DQ854961), ChiVMV CKB
was in the same group with ChiVMV Cikabayan 2
(GeneBank No. access DQ854960), and ChiVMV TD, ChiVMV
NI and GB ChiVMV were in the same group with ChiVMV
Taiwan (GeneBank No. access DQ854948). Analysis of CP
gene confirmed the occurrence of genetic variation among
ChiVMV isolates although symptom variation is weak.
Perbanyakan dan Konservasi In Vitro Plasma Nutfah Talas (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schoot)
Authors: Dewi Nurwita , Purwoko Bambang S. , Hanarida Ida , Purwito Agus , Dewi Iswari S.
Published: February 2017

Taro is a potential source of carbohydrate
for anticipation of climate change. In vitro technology have
not been widely implemented for tuber crops conservation.
Conservation of the crops is mostly conducted in field. Such
conservation is very susceptible to biotic and abiotic stress.
The research consisted of two activities i.e: micropropagation
and conservation. The objectives were to obtain taro in
vitro propagation and conservation method. The trial was
arranged in a factorial design with six replications. Five taro
accessions were used as the first factor for each study. The
second factor in propagation study was propagation medium
i.e: MS; MS + 2.9 μM IAA + 4.4 μM BA and MS + 2.9 μM IAA
+ 22,2 μM BA. Shoot tip from taro sucker was used as
explant. The second factor in conservation study was MS
medium containing mannitol (0, 30, 40, and 50 g/l). Twoleaves
in vitro shoots from micropropagation study was used
as explants. The addition of BA in MS medium + 2.9 μM IAA
increased the number of shoot of taro germplasm. The best
medium for micropropagation of taro germplasm No. 21 and
Talas Jahe is MS + 2,9 μM IAA + 4,4 μM BA, whereas the
best medium for No. 503, Talas Jahe and Lumbu Banten is
MS + 2,9 μM IAA + 22,2 μM BA. Based on data of plant
height, percentage of leaf life and shelf life, MS medium +
manitol 40 g/l was the best medium for taro germplasm
conservation with prolong sub-culture interval.
Deteksi Gen HptII dan Keragaan Agronomis pada Populasi BC1F1 Tanaman Padi Transgenik
Authors: Santosa Budi , Trijatmiko Kurniawan R. , Santoso Tri J.
Published: February 2017

Rice varieties tolerant to drought stress are needed to
stabilize rice production under drought stress condition. We
developed transgenic rice cv. Nipponbare carrying hptII
gene that might also contain OsDREB1A gene. OsDREB1A
gene responsible to drought tolerance trait need to be
transferred into cultivated rice in order to obtain new local
rice variety tolerant to drought stress. The aims of this
research were to detect the presence of hptII gene in the F1
and BC1F1 transgenic rice and to observe the agronomic
performace of those populations and their plant physiology.
F1 population was developed by crossing transgenic
Nipponbare, as donor parent, with Batutegi, Code, Ciherang,
and Konawe genotypes, as recipient parents. BC1F1
population was developed by backcrossing F1 transgenic
line with recipient parents, respectively. The presence of
hptII gene was analyzed by PCR using a pair of primers for
hptII. The observation of agronomic performance was
carried out in the green house, meanwhile the observation
of stomata was done using microscope. The result of PCR
analysis showed that BC1F1 Batutegi trans, BC1F1 Code trans,
BC1F1 Konawe trans1, BC1F1 Konawe trans3, dan BC1F1
Konawe trans4 were detected carrying the hptII gene.
Agronomic data showed that BC1F1 transgenic rice lines
yielded panicles, filled grains, and total grains higher than
those of recipent parents. Comparing to the recipient
parents, BC1F1 Konawe trans1 and BC1F1 Konawe trans3 had
less stomata on the lower side of the leaf, but had more
stomata on the upper side of the leaf.
Cost-effectiveness of atypical antipsychotics for the treatment of schizophrenia
Authors: Santos André , Vidal Carlos Eduardo , Brandão Cristina
Published: February 2017

Objetivos: Este estudo realizou uma análise de custo-efetividade entre antipsicóticos de segunda geração (SGA) para a esquizofrenia no Brasil. Métodos: Foi construído um modelo de Markov baseado na prática clínica, dados de literatura e bases de dados governamentais, comparando custos e efetividade da risperidona, quetiapina, ziprasidona e olanzapina no sistema público de saúde do Brasil. O horizonte temporal da análise foi 18 meses. O desfecho utilizado para avaliação da efetividade foi a descontinuação do tratamento por qualquer causa e os custos foram medidos em BRL e USD (2014). Resultados: A olanzapina foi considerada dominante sobre as outras estratégias avaliadas. A análise indicou que a olanzapina foi considerada ótima, com disposição a pagar (WTP) nula, em 51,8% dos ensaios. O aumento progressivo dos valores de WTP eleva a chance de a olanzapina ser considerada ótima, alcançando 100% em cerca de 252.00 BRL (114,03 USD) por mês de tratamento efetivo. Na Análise de Sensibilidade Probabilística (PSA), a olanzapina foi considerada ótima em 49,6% dos ensaios, considerando WTP nula. A chance de a olanzapina ser a escolha ótima atingiu 100% em um WTP de 364,00 BRL (164.71 USD) por mês de tratamento efetivo. Os resultados mostram a importância dos custos de prescrição da olanzapina e de hospitalização para a Razão de Custo-Efetividade Incremental (RCEI). Conclusão: A olanzapina mostrou-se dominante quando comparada a risperidona, quetiapina e ziprasidona, no Brasil. Devido aos baixos valores de RCEI encontrados na análise de sensibilidade e PSA, a olanzapina pode ser considerada a estratégia mais custo-efetiva avaliada.
Effect of Irrigation and Silicon Fertilizer on Total Rice Grain Arsenic Content and Yield
Authors: Stevens William , Rhine Matthew , Vories Earl
Published: February 2017

Core Ideas

Arsenic content in rice was reduced by not flooding fields.

Silicon fertilizer did not affect arsenic content in rice.

Cultivar and hybrid selection did not affect rice arsenic content.

Field tests were conducted at three locations for 2 yr with rice grown with different irrigation systems and rates of calcium silicate fertilizer to determine the effects on brown rice arsenic (As) levels and rice yields. Irrigation systems were sprinkler irrigated using a center‐pivot system, intermittent flooding, and continuous flooding beginning at the first‐tiller rice growth stage. Pelletized calcium silicate fertilizer, a byproduct from steel mills, was applied at 0, 121, and 242 kg Si ha−1 in subplots to bare soil and incorporated. After harvest, rice was de‐hulled to make brown rice grain and tested for total As content. Silicon (Si) fertilizer and cultivar/hybrid selection did not impact rice grain As levels in any of the irrigation programs. Weed control was more difficult to maintain without flooding, which reduced yields. Rice yields grown in aerobic soil conditions with sprinkler irrigation were increased significantly with 60 kg Si ha−1. The high to low order of total As content in rice grain from plots was continuous‐flood > intermittent flood > sprinkler irrigated. The test site with sprinkler irrigation was on a different soil than intermittent and continuous flood systems. Flooded rice on Overcup silt loam soil averaged 210 µg As kg−1 total As. On Sharkey clay soil, rice with intermittent‐flood irrigation contained 27 µg As kg−1 total As in grain compared with 77 µg As kg−1 in continuous flood, but yield was not significantly different from continuous‐flooded rice. Sprinkler‐irrigated rice on Tiptonville silt loam soil averaged 13 µg As kg−1.
Maize Stalk Lodging: Morphological Determinants of Stalk Strength
Authors: Robertson Daniel J. , Julias Margaret , Lee Shien Yang , Cook Douglas D.
Published: February 2017

An incomplete understanding of stalk strength and stalk lodging impedes efforts to improve maize (Zea mays L.) production. To develop a more complete understanding of stalk strength, the current study examined the effect of stalk morphology on stalk bending strength. A detailed geometric analysis was conducted on five varieties of dent corn sown at five planting densities in two replicates at each of two locations near Greenville, IA, in 2013. Stalks were imaged using high‐resolution X‐ray computed tomography, and morphological features of the stalk were quantified using customized computer code. After scanning, stalks were subjected to mechanical tests to determine stalk bending strength and rind penetration resistance. The section modulus of the stalk (a morphological quantity derived from engineering beam theory) was found to be highly predictive of stalk strength, and its predictions appear to be largely unaffected by common confounding factors such as hybrid and planting density. By assuming the stalk cross section to be a hollow ellipse, the section modulus of the stalk can be estimated using measurements of stalk diameter and rind thickness (which does not require computerized tomography scanning). The elliptical section modulus is highly predictive of stalk strength, does not appear to be confounded by experimental variables, and can be obtained using a pair of calipers. Thus, it demonstrates potential as a selective breeding index to improve lodging resistance. In the current study, the elliptical section modulus predicted stalk strength with four times the accuracy of rind penetration resistance (a more common method used in breeding studies).
Quantitative Trait Loci Associated with Anthracnose Resistance in Sorghum
Authors: Patil Nikhil Y. , Klein Robert R. , Williams Crescenda L. , Collins S. Delroy , Knoll Joseph E. , Burrell A. Millie , Anderson William F. , Rooney William L. , Klein Patricia E.
Published: February 2017

Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is highly susceptible to the fungal disease anthracnose, which is a major biotic constraint to forage and grain production. With an aim to develop durable resistance to anthracnose, two unique genetic sources of resistance in sorghum were selected to create genetic mapping populations and identify genomic regions that control anthracnose resistance. A series of quantitative trait loci (QTL) were identified that conferred variable levels of resistance, three of which controlled stable resistance across all environments, while two QTL were environment specific. A major anthracnose‐resistance QTL on chromosome 9 of the SC155‐14E genome was observed in all environments and controlled from 19 to 62% of the phenotypic variance. An additional major QTL on chromosome 5 of the SC414‐12E genome explained from 20 to 39% of the phenotypic variance and was observed in four of the six environments tested. Resequencing of the genomes of resistant cultivars SC155‐14E and SC414‐12E facilitated a preliminary survey of the coding regions of genes annotated as playing a role in host defense. The resequenced genomes of the resistant genotypes and the linkage mapping resources represent information relevant for more detailed molecular characterization of genes conditioning anthracnose resistance in this tropical cereal. The identification of QTL conferring anthracnose resistance and the identification of single‐nucleotide polymorphisms linked to these loci will provide the necessary molecular tools for marker‐assisted introgression of durable anthracnose resistance into elite sorghum inbreds.
Double-hydrophilic block copolymer as an effective and green scale inhibitor in industrial recycling water systems
Authors: Liu Guangqing , Xue Mengwei , Liu Qinpu , Zhou Yuming
Published: February 2017

In an attempt to control CaCO3 deposits in industrial recycling water systems, the performance of acrylic acid (AA)–allylpolyethoxy carboxylate (APEL) copolymer as an economical and environmentally friendly inhibitor have been investigated by static experiments, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The experimental results revealed that AA–APEL (acrylic acid–allylpolyethoxy carboxylate copolymer) achieved the maximum scaling inhibition efficiency of 99.1%. The results of SEM and XRD studies revealed that both the morphology and aggregation of calcium carbonate crystals had been changed, when the inhibitor was added. Moreover, the results of TGA further confirmed the scaling mechanism of the copolymer.
A Importância na Identificação dos Fatores de Risco para Prevenção do Câncer de Mama
Authors: Souza Felipe A. de A. , Fernandes Juliana L. , Moraes Natália De S. , Noronha Luiz Francisco F.
Published: February 2017

O câncer de mama é, provavelmente, o mais temido pelas mulheres, devido a sua elevada freqüência e, sobretudo, pelos efeitos psicológicos que as afetam, alterando a percepção da sexualidade, auto-estima e imagem pessoal. É o segundo tipo de câncer mais freqüente no mundo e o mais comum entre as mulheres. A identificação dos fatores de risco na população feminina constitui uma medida importante para a prevenção e abordagem terapêutica adequada. Foram aplicados questionários sobre fatores de risco para câncer de mama em 266 mulheres. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo a análise dos principais fatores de risco relacionados ao câncer de mama nas mulheres, objetivando a detecção precoce e o encaminhamento ao ginecologista, visando reduzir a taxa de mortalidade e, por muitas vezes, evitando a intervenção cirúrgica.
Perfil dos Pacientes Submetidos à Intervenção Coronariana Percutânea no Serviço de Hemodinâmica do Hospital Universitário Sul Fluminense, Vassouras - RJ
Authors: São Leão Alan Marcelo Oliveira , Vilagra Marlon Mohammed
Published: February 2017

A intervenção coronariana percutânea (ICP) é um método rápido, pouco invasivo, seguro e muito eficaz que tem sido cada vez mais utilizado no diagnóstico e no tratamento da doença arterial coronariana (DAC) nos centros de atendimento cardiovasculares emergenciais e urgenciais. Métodos: selecionados 157 pacientes, submetidos à intervenção coronariana percutânea, em um período de seis meses entre 2009 e 2010, para traçar um perfil epidemiológico e fisiopatológico das obstruções por DAC. Resultados: os pacientes que realizaram ICP eram significativamente mais velhos, em sua maioria eram homens, mas que apresentavam menor porcentual de doença coronariana multiarterial. Conclusão: neste registro municipal, a artéria coronária descendente anterior (DA) foi a mais acometida pela obstrução.
A Obesidade e seus Efeitos no Diagnóstico do Câncer de Próstata e Níveis Séricos do Antígeno Prostático Específico (PSA)
Authors: Araujo Tales , Nascimento Tatiana Ribeiro , Júnior Alcendino De Almeida , De Resende Côrtes Paula Pitta
Published: February 2017

Estudos recentes sugerem que a obesidade está correlacionada com menores níveis de PSA, o que talvez influencie na recomendação para a realização da biópsia de próstata, explicando, talvez, o pior prognóstico observado entre os homens obesos. Até a presente data, muitos relatos foram discutidos sobre uma suposta relação inversa entre o PSA e índice de massa corporal (IMC) em pacientes com câncer de próstata, e a maioria dos estudos, por sua vez, mostram que os níveis de PSA são menores em homens obesos. Tais achados nos fazem questionar quanto à empregabilidade dessa relação inversa (PSA/IMC) na prática clínica, assim como os possíveis benefícios desta correlação para os pacientes obesos.
PAIME - PROCESSAMENTO E ANÁLISE DE IMAGEM MÉDICA POR ESCANOMETRIA
Authors: De Souza Alexandre Luiz , Da Silva Júlio César
Published: February 2017

A desigualdade de membros inferiores (DMI) está presente em cerca de 70% dapopulação geral, podendo ser do tipo estrutural, onde existe diferença no comprimento deestruturas ósseas, ou funcional, como resultado de alterações mecânicas dos membros inferiores. Adesigualdade pode ainda ser classificada quanto a sua magnitude, sendo discreta, moderada, ougrave. Existem diversos métodos para a realização da estimativa à assimetria no comprimento dosmembros inferiores num indivíduo, sendo que neste trabalho uma técnica prática para medirdiferenças entre os comprimentos dos membros inferiores (método de Farill). O princípio em queeste método se baseia é muito simples: na medida da diferença entre duas distâncias, a eliminaçãode iguais segmentos de cada uma não altera o resultado final. Sendo um método de fácil execução eque não exige nenhum equipamento específico, sendo realizado diariamente em qualquer serviçode radiologia geral. Com base neste método de Farill (1953) foi desenvolvido um protótipo desoftware que auxilia o profissional a obter tal estimativa. O protótipo foi desenvolvido usandosoftware MatLab, com a toolbox de processamento de imagens, funcionando de formasemiautomática, fazendo-se a medição dos pontos escolhidos pelo profissional e os comparandocom a imagem radiográfica. Podendo indicar os centros de ossificação a serem marcados naradiografia carregada pelo protótipo, retornando como resultado a assimetria no comprimento dosmembros inferiores do indivíduo. Apresenta-se a descrição deste protótipo com as respectivasinterfaces gráficas construídas no software MatLab.
Diagnóstico diferencial de massas abdominais na infância: revisão de literatura
Authors: Souza Nathalye Emanuelle , Botrel Letícia Do Nascimento , Neves Kleiton Santos
Published: February 2017

O objetivo desse estudo é discutir as características clínicas e laboratoriais das massas abdominais mais freqüentes na infância, contribuindo para o diagnóstico precoce destas doenças. Diversos estudos comprovam que a maioria das massas abdominais é causada por doenças benignas. Entretanto, neoplasias malignas da infância se manifestam de semelhante modo, como tumor abdominal. Conclusão: Através da análise dos dados clínicos e laboratoriais do paciente com tumor abdominal, o pediatra pode traçar hipóteses diagnósticas e encaminhar precocemente a criança para centros especializados em caso de tumores malignos.
Cefaleia: migrânea e qualidade de vida
Authors: Souza Nathalye Emanuelle , Calumby Mariana Leão , Afonso Elisangela De Oliveira , Nogueira Thiago Zannon Soares , Pereira Ana Beatriz Calmon Nogueira da Gama
Published: February 2017

A Migrânea é um dos tipos de cefaleia primária, cuja etiologia é multifatorial, acometendo cerca de 15% da população mundial. Predomina mais nas mulheres do que nos homens, e causa grande impacto na qualidade de vida. São quatro as fases da migrânea: prodrômica, aura, cefaleia propriamente dita e recuperação. Nesse trabalho, os autores buscam correlacionar o efeito da migrânea sobre a qualidade de vida, através de revisão da literatura atual.
Estudo preliminar sobre a ocorrência de Leishmaniose visceral em seres humanos no município de Vassouras, RJ, Brasil
Authors: Petrin Robson Vettore Nogueira , Silva João Pedro Maciel de Almeida e , De Faria Gisele Euzébio , Mendonça Caio Do Canto , Tavares Walter , De Carvalho Flávia Clare Goulart
Published: February 2017

Procurou-se identificar a infecção humana por Leishmania chagasiem dois bairros da cidade de Vassouras, Estado do Rio de Janeiro, onde foram identificados cães infectados por esse parasito. Foi realizada sorologia por técnica de ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) em 17 pessoas que tiveram contato com cães infectados. A sorologia foi negativa em todas as amostras colhidas. Paralelamente, realizou-se trabalho educativo junto à população dos locais estudados, esclarecendo sobre medidas preventivas em relação ao calazar, enfermidade cuja descrição vem aumentando em municípios próximos a Vassouras.
PENGARUH SUPLEMENTASI FILTRAT KECAMBAH KACANG HIJAU (Phaseolus radiatus L.) TERHADAP KUALITAS SEMEN SAPI SIMMENTAL DALAM PENGENCER SKIM MILK PADA SUHU DINGIN
Authors: Sades Ayu Melia , Isnaini Nurul , Wahjuningsih Sri
Published: February 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suplementasi filtrat kecambah kacang hijau dalam pengencer skim milk terhadap kualitas semen sapi Simmental pada suhu dingin. Materi penelitian yang digunakan adalah semen pejantan sapi Simmental dengan kriteria umur 5-7 tahun dan memiliki motilitas individu â‰¥50%. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pola Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 6 kali ulangan. Semen diencerkan dalam pengencer skim milk dengan 4 perlakuan (0%, 2%, 4% dan 6% filtrat kecambah kacang hijau). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan filtrat kecambah kacang hijau ke dalam pengencer skim milk memberikan perbedaan yang tidak nyata (P>0,05) terhadap motilitas, viabilitas dan abnormalitas spermatozoa. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah penambahan filtrat kecambah kacang hijau dalam pengencer skim milk tidak dapat mempertahankan kualitas semen cair (motilitas, viabilitas dan abnormalitas) sapi Simmental yang disimpan pada suhu dingin. Saran untuk penelitian selanjutnya adalah perlu studi lebih lanjut mengenai pengaruh suplementasi filtrat kecambah kacang hijau dalam pengencer skim milk terhadap kualitas semen cair sapi Simmental dengan menggunakan semen segar yang memiliki motilitas awal sesuai standart yaitu â‰¥70%.Kata kunci: kualitas spermatozoa, semen cair, penyimpanan suhu dingin.
Status of Indigenous Chicken Rearing in Krishna District of Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Nirmala T. Vijaya , Prasad Sunitha , Subrahmanyeswari B. , Kumari K. Nagaraja
Published: February 2017

Backyard poultry plays an important role in the livelihood of rural families in developing countries
as a source of ready cash income alongwith satisfying social needs. This paper is based on a study
conducted in eight villages from Nuzvid division of Krishna District of Andhra Pradesh to assess
the status of backyard poultry rearing. The survey indicated the existence of desi birds in the study
area with an average flock size of 4-9 birds per household with little or negligible supplementary
feeding. High mortality, poor productivity was reported by majority of the respondents which might
be due to lack of awareness about improved backyard varieties and poultry related government
schemes. Appropriate institutional support in terms of provision of improved backyard varieties,
disease control strategies, training and awareness programmes can promote this remunerative
enterprise in the region keeping in view of raising demand for backyard egg and chicken.
The Economic Implications of Global Water Scarcity
Authors: Guarino Arthur S.
Published: February 2017

Water, like any other natural resource, is vital to a nation’s economic growth and existence. Without adequate water supplies a nation will face severe economic problems as well as social unrest and political instability. The current problem many nations face is their dwindling water supply. The aim and purpose of this paper is to examine the economic impact of global water scarcity on both developed and developing nations. This paper will also examine how a lack of clean water will hurt a nation’s economic growth and its ability to be a viable player in global trade and be able to provide for its people. This study will also look at the causes of water scarcity and also how the problem can be rectified.
Investimento em unidades de cura para tabaco tipo Virginia
Authors: Boettcher Ricardo Luiz
Published: February 2017

A fumicultura na região Sul do Brasil está fundamentada no sistema integrado de produção. Ao longo do processo produtivo, há a necessidade de utilização de unidades de cura e secagem (estufas), sendo um investimento oneroso ao produtor. Dois sistemas de estufas predominam e de funcionamento distintos, os de estufas convencionais (convecção natural do ar) e com circulação forçada do ar. O sistema de circulação forçada é o modelo preferido pelos produtores que optam por fazer novos investimentos. A decisão em investir demanda criteriosa análise da viabilidade econômica por parte do produtor, para minimizar risco de endividamentos. O objetivo do trabalho foi determinar a viabilidade financeira de unidades de cura para tabaco nas modalidades de financiamento com juros de crédito rural e juros de crédito rural subvencionados. As ferramentas financeiras utilizadas foram Valor Presente Líquido [VPL], Taxa Interna de Retorno [TIR], payback simples e análise de sensibilidade do investimento em relação à variável produtividade (kg ha-1).  Utilizando taxa mínima de atratividade [TMA] 7,16%, o investimento não apresenta viabilidade econômica nas duas modalidades de juros, considerando a produtividade média histórica, o modelo de estufa selecionado e prazo de amortização. A análise de sensibilidade confirmou a produtividade (kg ha-1) como fator determinante da viabilidade do projeto. O incremento de >10% na produtividade média, reverte o quadro e o projeto passa a ser economicamente viável nas duas modalidades de juros de amortização do investimento.
Factores claves de éxito en la implementación de Lean Manufacturing en algunas empresas con sede en Colombia
Authors: León Gonzalo Emilio , Marulanda Natalia , González Henry Helí
Published: February 2017

La investigación del presente documento pretendió identificar en cinco empresas de diferentes sectores de la economía, en Colombia, cuáles han sido los factores claves que han permitido implementar con éxito herramientas de Manufactura Esbelta o Lean Manufacturing. Estas herramientas surgen de la filosofía japonesa, que pretende hacer más con menos, eliminando todo tipo de desperdicios en materiales y recursos; mediante la aplicación de diferentes herramientas administrativas y de producción que incluye entre otras, la mejora continua. Se entiende por desperdicio, todas aquellas actividades que no aportan valor al producto y por las cuales el cliente no está dispuesto a pagar. Se buscó identificar también cuales han sido sus principales logros y barreras en la implementación, a partir de una investigación de aspectos cualitativos mediante la metodología de estudio de caso. Se encontró que el compromiso de los dueños y directivos, el liderazgo visto desde las competencias Lean, el cuidadoso diseño de indicadores y su seguimiento y el entrenamiento en la filosofía y operación, son esenciales a la hora de realizar la implementación; estos ayudaron en la mejora de aspectos relevantes como la productividad y rentabilidad. En algunas, la implementación exitosa, permitió extender su aplicación a sus proveedores más importantes.
El clúster como modelo de red empresarial, una opción relevante para la competitividad del subsector del turismo en Colombia
Authors: Gil Toledo John Jairo
Published: February 2017

El escenario empresarial existente en este tiempo le propone a las compañías el reto de coexistir en el ambiente de sistemas organizacionales asociados, específicamente para las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas, y su aporte al crecimiento de la región. Esta situación ha despertado inquietud en los investigadores por analizar este tejido empresarial a partir de su impacto en la ejecución de las firmas. A partir del anterior raciocinio, este artículo analiza el impacto que genera el vínculo existente entre empresas y el establecimiento en relación a los procesos de creatividad empresarial en los municipios del departamento de Cundinamarca (Colombia). El presente documento es empírico y los resultados obtenidos forman parte de la construcción del marco teórico que da sustento a la investigación que la genera. El producto de este trabajo muestra que los lazos que vinculan a las organizaciones empresariales analizadas con el fin de llevar a cabo acciones de Investigación y Desarrollo y transmisión de conocimientos, contribuyen de manera provechosa al crecimiento de las organizaciones.Este trabajo forma parte de una revisión bibliográfica de investigación que posteriormente se consolidará como una propuesta de mayor impacto y relevancia para el sector objeto de estudio.
Universidad y empresa: un binomio de responsabilidad social en el siglo XXI
Authors: Hernández Arteaga Isabel , Mora García José Pascual , Luna José Alberto
Published: February 2017

Este artículo de revisión resultado de investigación en el tema, la cual posibilitó la articulación de empresarios e investigadores, tiene como propósito el rastreo de las tendencias teóricas conceptuales sobre la responsabilidad social que deben cumplir la universidad y la empresa frente a la formación de profesionales y al desarrollo regional. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión documental bibliográ.ca en cuyos objetivos estudian la relación universidad–empresa y su responsabilidad social en los diez últimos años. Resultados: La responsabilidad social de la universidad se asume desde su vinculación con el entorno, donde su misión se centra en la formación de profesionales y el desarrollo e innovación del conocimiento. Por su parte, la responsabilidad social de la empresa es una exigencia del contexto, constituyéndose en valor agregado, y en ventaja competitiva que le permite posicionarse en su campo. Conclusión: La relación Universidad-Empresa está rodeada de agentes activos y reactivos que determinan interrelaciones necesarias para su evolución.
El incesto a la luz de un análisis de género
Authors: Quirós Ferlini Carolina
Published: February 2017

La identidad de género, la discriminación, la violencia y la adopción de conductas que se asumen como “naturalmente dadas” y modeladas son factores coadyuvantes en la problemática del incesto. En esta dinámica se identifica la relación existente entre la variable género, las conductas aprendidas de poder y sumisión así como su clara expresión en las manifestaciones sociales de la sexualidad.
Management control systems, organization and impact on performances: Evidences from Italy
Authors: Truant Elisa
Published: February 2017

The value creation is the primary goal of each organization and intellectual capital is certainly a key factor for long-term success. The intellectual capital variables have to be managed and measured within advanced management systems, in order to facilitate the communication and translation of strategy’s tangible and intangible elements into operational terms. This study focuses on a sample of medium-sized Italian firms and is based on multiple sources of evidence: the in-depth study of internal documents and interviews with corporate managers holding key positions within the organization. The research aims at investigating if managers identified, measured and monitored intellectual capital variables within advanced management accounting systems, over a period of 5 years. Because the strategy and the organizational structure are highly interdependent, this study also focuses on evaluation and incentive systems implemented within selected companies. Then, it was decided to analyze whether the use of managerial and organizational tools influence firms’ performances. This research contributes to extend existing literature on intellectual capital and management systems: the results revealed that companies able to manage and monitor intellectual capital within advanced management tools, as well as implement evaluation and incentive systems, achieved higher and more stable performances. The main limit of this study is strictly related to the choice of these variables: in fact, company’s performances are influenced by a significant number of factors, endogenous and exogenous to the organization. Future researches can involve a greater number of companies and organizational variables, in order to validate or confute the actual findings.
The monitoring role of the external ownership and discretionary accruals
Authors: Mosa Ghazalat Anas Najeeb , Islam Md.Aminul , Mohd Noor Idris Bin
Published: February 2017

Prior studies have focused on the role that the institutional investors play to control managerial behaviours as one of the factors of the external ownership in the developed countries specifically. Nevertheless, scant attention has given to the external ownership role whether the institutional or the foreign investors to maintain the minority shareholder interest especially with the presence of the central agency problem in the emerging markets such as Jordan. Thus, this study argued the monitoring role of the external ownership factors can minimize the managerial opportunistic behaviours through examining the relationship between external ownership factors and earnings management. Earnings management proxies using the performance-adjusted discretionary accruals model (Kothari et al. 2005 model) by applying the cross-sectional method to determine model parameters for each industry in each year. In order to achieve objectives of this research a sample of 798 firm-observation of the Jordanian non-financial firms listed in ASE during the period 2009-2015 were collected. The random-effect GLS regression model is used after following the correct procedures of the panel data analysis to determine the appropriate model as stated by the results of Hausman and LM tests. Hence, the correcting robust standard errors estimates method was used since the data was suffered from the heteroscedasticity problem. The results show that the institutional ownership in Jordan plays a vital role in mitigating the opportunistic behaviours of managers. Likewise, the existence of foreign ownership in firms minimizes the level of earnings management practices. These support the hypotheses that the institutional and foreign investors are able to control the managers of the firm. Also, provide evidence about the similarities between the role of the foreign investors and the role of institutional investors since there is a shortage of the evidence about foreign investors role especially with earnings management.
Sharia Maqashid Index as a measuring performance of Islamic banking: A more holistic approach
Authors: Hartono Sri , Sobari Agus
Published: February 2017

So far, measurements of financial performance of Islamic banking is still predominantly still used by indicators of financial performance of conventional banking system. Its implication, many stakeholders, especially customers of Islamic banks. For Moslems are difficulty in measuring the benefits of the existence of Islamic banking. It is clearly due measure of success of Islamic banking course will be very different from conventional banking successes. If the benchmarks used today is still conventional, the consequences will be contained incorrect results of performance comparison of Islamic banking and conventional banking. Thus, both of the banking system becomes irrelevant and less apt to be compared directly. The size of Islamic banking performance should not directly benchmarking with conventional banking. It must be linked to the objectives and the establishment of Islamic banking noble intentions, namely to provide human well simultaneously implement the principles contained in sharia maqashid. This research will try to practice the measurement of financial performance based Sharia Maqashid and use it to make comparisons between the performance of the national largest-scale of Islamic commercial banks and regional small-scale of Islamic rural banks (BPR Syariah). This study presented using data from the financial statements of the three Islamic commercial banks and three Islamic rural banks (BPR Syariah). The results showed that the performance of the national largest-scale of Islamic commercial banks and regional small-scale of Islamic rural banks (BPR Syariah), all of them, has no a Sharia Maqashid index whose high value. This shows the inconsistency, that should be, the national largest-scale of Islamic banking to always focus on the muamalah objectives according by sharia. From the comparison of financial performance based on sharia maqashid, it turns out the national large-scale of Islamic commercial banks tend to have a lower index of Sharia Maqashid than the regional small-scale of Islamic rural banks (BPR Syariah).
Corporate social responsibility: Applying sustainability principles in stakeholder engagement
Authors: Rampersad Renitha
Published: February 2017

There is a strong ethical case to redress poverty and inequality in South Africa. The South African corporate sector has been called upon to take responsibility for the ways their operations impact societies. There has been considerable change in the way the corporate sector concerns themselves with applying sustainability principles to the ways in which they conduct their business specifically in their social interactions with stakeholders. This sees the South African corporate sector investing millions to support sustainable community development and social programs. The total corporate social responsibility (CSR) expenditure in South Africa was estimated to amount to R8.2 billion in 2013/2014 (Trialogue, 2014). Although major South African and multinational companies have had ample opportunity to express and communicate their views on the potential of CSR, the voices of communities continue to be thwarted and stifled when they should logically lie at the heart of effective change management interventions. Business has the obligation, and also the resources, to make a contribution to communities in which they operate. This article investigates the South African business sectors involvement in stakeholder engagement and describes two cases of major South African companies and their increased value for a stakeholder governance model.
Zen and the Arts of Digital Literacies
Authors: Belshaw Doug
Published: February 2017

The arena of digital literacy is a confusing, contested place. There are multiple definitions of the term; (supposed) ‘authorities’ on the subject express diametrically opposing views; and there exist almost as many frameworks for developing digital literacy as there are researchers in the field. The purpose of what follows is to try and clear a way through some of the weeds inherent in the ‘field’.
Comparability and Cost of Equity Capital
Authors: Imhof Michael J , Seavey Scott E. , Smith David B.
Published: February 2017

SYNOPSIS

We investigate how the comparability of a company's financial statements is related to its cost of equity capital. The Financial Accounting Standards Board's (FASB 2010) Statement of Financial Accounting Concept No. 8 proposes that comparability is a key tenet of accounting because it allows users of financial statements to benchmark a firm against similar firms when distinguishing between alternative investment opportunities. We provide evidence that greater financial statement comparability is associated with lower cost of equity capital, and show that comparability's effect on cost of equity remains after controlling for within-firm accounting quality. Additionally, we find that investors derive greater benefits from financial statement comparability in firms whose information environments are less transparent (high information asymmetry) and whose equity shares trade in markets that are less competitive (imperfect markets). Our findings contribute to accounting research by providing evidence justifying comparability as a separate element of the FASB's conceptual framework.
Why Does Aggregate Earnings Growth Reflect Information about Future Inflation?
Authors: Shivakumar Lakshmanan , Urcan Oktay
Published: February 2017

We propose two explanations for the previously documented relation between aggregate earnings growth and future inflation: one based on firms changing their investment in response to earnings growth, and the other based on consumers varying their consumption in response to wealth effects of profitability growth. As the supply of goods and services is relatively inelastic in the short run, our arguments imply that changes to near-term demand for investment (consumption) will affect the prices of investment (consumption) goods and services. Consistent with the investment-based argument, we find that profitability changes predict investment and Producer Price Index (PPI) shifts in subsequent quarters. Our analyses also reveal that aggregate earnings growth predicts future investment and PPI forecast errors. We find, at best, weak evidence for the consumption-based link between aggregate earnings growth and future inflation.