bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship between Harsh Parenting and Aggressive Behaviors among Male Juvenile Delinquent: Potential Mediating Roles of Peer Victimization and Hostile Attribution Bias
Authors: Lin Shuang , Wang Ying , Cheng Gonglu , Bai Xuejun
Published: June 2023

Harsh parenting could be regarded as a harsh form of behavior, feelings and attitude towards children in the process of parenting. According to the theory of intergenerational transmission of violence, harsh parenting is an important factor affecting children's aggressive behavior, but the theory does not clarify the specific action path between the harsh parenting and aggressive behavior. In order to reveal the relationship between harsh parenting and aggressive behavior of juvenile delinquents, 604 male juvenile delinquents (N=604, Mage=16.57 years, SD=0.612 years) were investigated using Harsh Parenting Questionnaire, Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire, Multidimensional Peer-Victimization Scale, and the Word Sentence Association Paradigm for Hostility in Chinese version. Analysis using structural equation modeling procedures showed that (a) all variables were positively associated with each others; (b) the partial indirect effect of harsh parenting on aggressive behaviors was realized through the mediator of peer victimization and hostile attribution bias independently, (c) as well as the partial indirect effect through the mediator of peer victimization and hostile attribution bias sequentially. The results suggested that harsh parenting can explain the high aggressive behavior of male juvenile delinquents. Moreover, harsh parenting may also lead to the formation of hostile attribution bias by increasing the risk of peer victimization, and ultimately lead to the formation of highly aggressive behaviors.
Proximity Sports as a Sostenible Strategy for the Promotion of Physical Activity at an Early Age: The KIA Project
Authors: Barrachina Valentina , Marcen Celia , Mainer-Pardos Elena , Arbones-Arque Irela
Published: June 2023

This article presents the main results of the Kids in Action (KIA) project, which aimed to promote physical activity and sport among children aged 3 to 11, by linking the education, sports and family sectors. It applies the concepts of proximity consumption and the 15-minute city to sustainable and healthy habits. The aim of this study is to analyse the degree of success of this pilot experience by means of a survey for participant children, and interviews with the stakeholders involved in order to identify good practices in the promotion of physical activity at an early age. A total of 147 children and 10 adults (3 family members, 4 school managers or teachers and 3 sports managers) participated. As the most outstanding results, we found the role that introducing sport modalities, facilities and, above all, doing it in a guided way in the form of workshops, can have not only on the specific practice but also on the intention to continue with it. Children who are less inclined to mainstream sports particularly benefit from actions such as KIA. Among the main barriers, which cause inequality, is the availability and sporting culture of families.
Effectiveness of a Standardized Nursing Process Using NANDA International, Nursing Interventions Classification and Nursing Outcome Classification Terminologies: A Systematic Review
Authors: Rodríguez-Suárez Claudio-Alberto , González-de laTorre Héctor , Hernández-De Luis María-Naira , Fernández-Gutiérrez Domingo-Ángel , Martínez-Alberto Carlos-Enrique , Brito-Brito Pedro-Ruymán
Published: June 2023

The nursing process in clinical practice can be assessed using standardized language systems. The purpose is to find evidence on the effectiveness of the nursing process with standardized terminology using NANDA International, Nursing Interventions Classification, and Nursing Outcome Classification improving diag-nostic accuracy, nursing interventions, health outcomes, and people’s satisfaction. A systematic review was carried out in Medline and PreMedline, Embase, The Cochrane Library, CINAHL, SCI-EXPANDED, SSCI and Scielo and LILACS including randomized clinical trials, quasi-experimental, cohort and case-control studies. Selection and critical appraisal were conducted by two independent reviewers. The certainty of the evidence was assessed with Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation Methodology. 17 studies were included with variability in the level and certainty of evidence. According to outcomes, 6 evaluated improvements in diagnostic accuracy and 11 evaluated improvements in individual health outcomes. No studies evaluated improvements in intervention efficacy or population satisfaction. There is a need to increase studies with rigorous methodologies that address diagnostic accuracy and indi-viduals’ health outcomes using NANDA International, Nursing Interventions Classification, and Nursing Outcome Classification; as well as implementing studies that evaluate the use of these terminologies for improvements in the efficacy of nurses' interventions and population satisfaction with the nursing process.
Benefits of Judo Training for Brain Functions Related to Physical and Cognitive Performance in Older Adults
Authors: Yamasaki Takao
Published: June 2023

Judo is a popular Japanese martial art and an Olympic sport. Recently, an increasing interest has been observed in the application of judo as a multicomponent exercise, with a growing body of evidence showing that multicomponent exercise improves physical and cognitive performance in older adults. Therefore, this review highlights the benefits of judo training in preventing physical and cognitive decline in older adults. Specifically, first, this review outlines the basic characteristics of judo (philosophy, match, and training). Next, previous studies investigating the effects of judo training on physical and cognitive aspects of older adults are reviewed. Thereafter, the brain mechanisms underlying the effects of judo training in improving physical and cognitive performance are discussed. Throughout this review, judo training demonstrated some positive effects on physical (gait and balance, among others) and cognitive (memory and executive function) function in older adults. These positive effects are attributed to a variety of changes in the brain (e.g., increased neurotrophic factor expression and increased cerebral blood flow, among others), that affect different brain regions and networks both functionally and structurally. From these findings, this review concludes that judo training can be an effective way to maintain and prevent physical and cognitive decline in older adults.
Assessment of Therapeutic Potential of A Dual Aav Approach for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Albini Sonia , Palmieri Laura , Dubois Auriane , Bourg Nathalie , Lostal William , Richard Isabelle
Published: June 2023

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a yet incurable rare genetic disease that affects the skeletal and cardiac muscles, leading to progressive muscle wasting and premature death. DMD is caused by the lack of dystrophin, a muscle protein essential for the biochemical support and integrity of muscle fibers. Gene replacement strategies for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) employing the adeno-associated virus (AAV) face the challenge imposed by the limited packaging capacity of AAV, only allowing the accommodation of a short version of dystrophin (µDys) that is still far removed from correcting human disease. The need to develop strategies leading to the expression of a best performing dystrophin variant led to only few studies reporting on the use of dual vectors, but none reported on a method to assess in vivo transgene reconstitution efficiency, the degree of which directly affects the use of safe AAV dosing. We report here on the generation of a dual AAV vector approach for the expression of a larger dystrophin version (quasidystrophin) based on homologous recombination, and the development of a methodology employing a strategic droplet digital PCR design, to determine the recombination efficiency as well as the occurrence of unwanted concatemerization events or aberrant expression from the single vectors. We demonstrated that, upon systemic delivery in the dystrophic DBA2mdx mice, our dual AAV approach led to high transgene reconstitution efficiency and negligible ITR-dependent concatemerization, with consequent remarkable protein restoration in muscles and improvement of muscle pathology. This evidence supports the suitability of our system for gene therapy application and the potential of this methodology to assess and improve the feasibility for therapeutic translation of multiple vector approaches
Monitoring the Opening of Rapid Palatal Expansion (RPE) in a 3D Printed Skull Model Using Fiber Optic F-P Sensors
Authors: Zhao Zhen , Zhang Shijie , Zhang Faxiang , Duan Zhenhui , Wang Yingying
Published: June 2023

We present a novel method for online measurement of multi-point opening distances of midpalatal suture during rapid palatal expansion (RPE) using fiber optic Fabry-Perot (F-P) sensors. The sensor consists of an optical fiber with a cut flat end face and an optical reflector, which are implanted into the palatal base structure of an expander and is capable of measuring the precise distance between two optical reflective surfaces. As a demonstration, a 3D printed skull model containing the maxilla and zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) was produced and a miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expander (MARPE) with two guide rods was used to generate the midpalatal suture expansion. The reflected spectrums of the sensors were used to dynamically extract cavity length information for full process monitoring of expansion. The dynamic opening of the midpalatal suture during the gradual activation of the expander was measured, and a displacement resolution of 2.5 μm was demonstrated. The angle of expansion was derived and the results suggested that the midpalatal suture was opened with a slightly V type expansion of 0.03 rad at the first loading and subsequently expanded in parallel. This finding might be useful for understanding the mechanical mechanisms that lead to different types of expansion. The use of a fiber-optic sensor for mounting the rapid palatal expander facilitates biomechanical studies and experimental and clinical evaluation of the effects of RPE.
Carbohydrate-containing Low Molecular Weight Metabolites of Microalgae
Authors: Stonik Valentin A. , Stonik Inna V.
Published: June 2023

Microalgae are abundant components of biosphere rich in low molecular weight carbohy-drate-containing natural products (glycoconjugates). Glycoconjugates take a part in processes of photosynthesis, provide producers with important biological properties, influence other organ-isms and known by biological activities. Some of them, for example glycosylated toxins and ar-senicals, are detrimental and can be transferring via food chains into higher organisms including humans. So far, the studies on a series of particular groups of microalgal glycoconjugates were not comprehensively discussed in special reviews. In this review, a special focus was made on the isolation, structure determination, properties and approaches to the search for new bioactive metabolites. Analysis of literature data concerning structures, functions and biological activities of ribosylated arsenicals, galactosylated and sulfoquinovosylated lipids, phosphoglycolipids, gly-coside derivatives of toxins, and other groups of glycoconjugates was carried out and discussed. The discovery of a great variety of new carbohydrate-containing metabolites, important biological roles some of them, participation in regulation of microalgal blooms via viral infections as well as the detection of potent immunomodulatory activity, shown by these type metabolites could be attributed to the most interesting recent achievements. Structures, properties and biological roles of glycoconjugates from microalgae attract a great attention growing year to year.
Timing Matters: The Interplay between Early Mealtime, Circadian Rhythms, Gene Expression, Circadian Hormones, and Metabolism
Authors: BaHammam Ahmed S. S , Pirzada Rouf
Published: June 2023

Achieving synchronization between the central and peripheral body clocks is essential for ensuring optimal metabolic function. Meal timing is an emerging field of research that investigates the influence of eating patterns on our circadian rhythm, metabolism, and overall health. This narrative review examines the relationship between meal timing, circadian rhythm, clock genes, circadian hormones, and metabolic function. It analyzes existing literature and experimental data to explore the connection between mealtime, circadian rhythms, and metabolic processes. The available evidence highlights the importance of aligning mealtime with the body’s natural rhythms to promote metabolic health and prevent metabolic disorders. Specifically, studies show that consuming meals later in the day is associated with a elevated prevalence of metabolic disorders, while early time-restricted eating, such as having an early breakfast and an earlier dinner, improves levels of glucose in the blood and substrate oxidation. Circadian hormones, including cortisol and melatonin, interact with mealtimes and play vital roles in regulating metabolic processes. Cortisol, aligned with dawn in diurnal mammals, activates energy reserves, stimulates appetite, influences clock gene expression, and synchronizes peripheral clocks. Consuming meals during periods of elevated melatonin levels, specifically during the circadian night, has been correlated with potential implications for glucose tolerance. Understanding the mechanisms of central and peripheral clock synchronization, including genetics, interactions with chronotype, sleep duration, and hormonal changes, provides valuable insights for optimizing dietary strategies and timing. This knowledge contributes to improved overall health and well-being by aligning mealtime with the body’s natural circadian rhythm.
Characterizing the Spatio-Temporal Variations of Urban Growth with Multifractal Spectrums
Authors: Fu Meng
Published: June 2023

Urban morphology exhibits fractal characteristics, which can be described by multifractal scaling. Multifractal parameters under positive moment orders primarily capture information about cen-tral areas with relatively stable growth, while those under negative moment orders mainly reflect information about marginal areas with more active growth. However, effectively utilizing mul-tifractal spectrums to uncover the spatio-temporal variations of urban growth remains a challenge. To addresses this issue, this paper proposes a multifractal measurement by combining theoretical principles and empirical analysis. To capture the difference between growth stability in central areas and growth activity in marginal areas, an index based on generalized correlation dimension Dq is defined. This index takes the growth rate of Dq at extreme negative moment order as the numerator, and that at extreme positive moment order as the denominator. During the stable stage of urban growth, the index demonstrates a consistent pattern over time. While during the active stage, the index may exhibit abnormal fluctuations or even jumps. This indicates that the index can reveal spatio-temporal information about urban evolution that cannot be directly observed through multifractal spectrums alone. By integrating this index with multifractal spectrums, we can more comprehensively characterize the evolutionary characteristics of urban spatial structure.
Field Study of Activity of Antimicrobial Polypropylene Textiles
Authors: Balogová Alena , Zatroch Tomáš , Bizubová Bibiána , Kleščík Michal
Published: June 2023

In this work we present a study of impact of textile materials used in health care facilities on microbial colonization of textile surfaces. Polypropylene yarns doped with silver phosphate glass and zinc pyrithione were prepared and used for production of bed sheets and clothing for healthcare personnel. Subsequently measurements of airborne particles and viable microorganisms on given textiles were conducted in a private surgery clinic during 3 weeks comparing the counts of viable microorganisms before and after replacing of staff clothing and bedding on examination and surgical bed with said polypropylene cloth. In this study a significant reduction of viable airborne fungi and viable microorganisms on monitored textiles was observed by multiple methods.
The Genetic Basis of Probable REM Sleep Behavior Disorder in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Pérez-Lloret Santiago , Chevalier Guenson , Bordet Sofia , Barbar Hanny , Capani Francisco , Udovin Lucas , Otero-Losada Matilde
Published: June 2023

Patients with Parkinson’s Disease (PD) experience REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) more frequently than healthy controls. RBD is associated with torpid disease evolution. To test the hypothesis that differential genetic signatures might contribute to the torpid disease evolution in PD patients with RBD. We compared the rate of genetic mutations in PD patients with or without probable RBD. Patients with a clinical diagnosis of PD in the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) database entered the study. We excluded those with missing data or a diagnosis change over the first five years from the initial PD diagnosis. Probable RBD (pRBD) was confirmed by a REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Screening Questionnaire score >5 points. Logistic regression and Machine Learning (ML) algorithms were used to relate Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNPs) in PD-related genes with pRBD. We included 330 PD patients fulfilling all inclusion and exclusion criteria. The final logistic multivariate model revealed that the following SNPs increased the risk of pRBD: GBA_N370S_rs76763715 (OR, 95% CI: 3.38, 1.45-7.93), SNCA_A53T_rs104893877 (8.21, 2.26-36.34), ANK2. CAMK2D_rs78738012 (2.12, 1.08-4.10), and ZNF184_rs9468199 (1.89, 1.08-3.33). Conversely, SNP COQ7. SYT17_rs11343 reduced pRBD risk (0.36, 0.15-0.78). The ML algorithms led to similar results. The predictive models were highly specific (95-99%) but lacked sensitivity (9-39%). We found a distinctive genetic signature for pRBD in PD. The high specificity and low sensitivity of the predictive models suggest that genetic mutations are necessary but not sufficient to develop RBD in PD. Additional investigations are needed.
Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality Training in Disaster Medicine Courses for Students in Nursing: A Scoping Review of Adoptable Tools
Authors: Magi Camilla Elena , Bambi Stefano , Iovino Paolo , El Aoufy Khadija , Amato Carla , Balestri Chiara , Rasero Laura , Longobucco Yari
Published: June 2023

Nurses and paramedics play a pivotal role when Mass Casualty Incidents (MCI) occur, yet they often feel unprepared for such events. Implementation strategies for training activities, including Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) simulations, offer realistic and immersive learning experiences, enhancing skills and competencies for nursing students. The aim of this work was to investigate the adopted tools in studies on VR&AR simulations for training nursing and paramedic students in managing MCI. A scoping review was performed following the PRISMA-ScR statement, and the search strategy was conducted through five electronic databases from December 2022 to March 2023. Of 162 records identified, 27 full-text were screened and, six studies were included in this review. These studies involved students who were assigned to different training methods, including immersive VR simulation, written instruction, and traditional lecture. VR&AR and immersive simulation generally show promising evidences in enhancing practical skills and knowledge in MCI management. VR&AR showed to be promising in disaster education and preparedness training, offering different levels of immersiveness and engagement, encouraging active and experential learning. Further research is needed to determine their long-term effectiveness. The choice of training method should consider program goals, target population, and available resources.
Interdisciplinary Analysis of Roman Floor Types in the Villa of Diomedes at Archaeological Park of Pompeii
Authors: De Martino Giuseppina , Di Ludovico Marco , Dessales Helene , Prota Andrea
Published: June 2023

The present work presents and discusses an analysis of the floor types of Villa of Diomedes (Pompeii archaeological park in the Campania region, Italy) both from architectural, archaeological, and structural point of view. In particular, the geometrical structural parameters of different floor types and the rules used by ancient builders to design them are investigated by means of interdisciplinary research. Link between structural-based assumptions, archival sources, geometric survey, in situ visual inspections and the archaeological information make it possible to define the geometrical structural parameters of eleven-barrel vaults, three wooden floors and three sloped wooden roofs (buried and collapsed during the Vesuvius eruption). A specific study of the barrel vaults is presented to investigate the relationships between the main vaults’ structural parameter. Furthermore, a comparison between the vaults’ dimensions obtained from surveys and those produced by the literature formulations from the 15th to the 20th centuries concerning masonry-vault designs is presented and discussed.

These analyses carried out in the framework of Villa of Diomedes interdisciplinary project was very useful to interpret the fabrication of the Villa and to make a reconstruction of 3D model as it probably resulted to be the fateful year of 79 A.D.
Future Scenarios of Bioclimatic Viticulture Indices in the Eastern Mediterranean: Insights into Sustainable Vineyard Management in a Changing Climate
Authors: Alsafadi Karam , Bi ShuoBen , Bashir Bashar , Alsalman Abdullah , Srivastava Amit Kumar
Published: June 2023

The evaluation of suitability for bioclimatic viticulture indices (BVIs) zones, as with any other crop, requires a well-founded knowledge of the spatial variability in climate data, which is also used to assess different grapevine cultivars and to delimit appropriate regions for vineyard production under the current climate and projected climate change. BVIs, on the other hand, are typically calculated using a small number of locations linked by climatic station sites or applied using a coarsely-resolution distributed dataset. Furthermore, often the methods applied to precisely delineate symmetrical regions are not appropriate to generate accurate maps. To provide an analysis using three temperature-based indices and the hydrothermal coefficient (HTC), quantifying their spatial variation, and representing the spatial patterns of each BVI throughout the Jabal Al Arab viticulture—one of the most important Syrian viticulture regions in the Eastern Mediterranean—daily temperature data from 15 meteorological stations and 57 rain gauges, considering the 1984–2014 period, and downscaled future scenarios (RCPs based on CanESM2), considering the 2016–2100 period, were utilized. The statistical method of each BVI was analyzed, and, later, they were mapped by using GIS and a hybrid interpolation (regression-kriging) approach. The regression fitting method revealed that the sum accumulation of heat and the hydro-thermal index during the growing season were highly related to elevation and distance to the seacoast variables; however, the viticulture zones varied spatially depending on which index was used and under suggested future scenarios compared to the current climate. The spatial distribution of climate in the Jabal Al Arab regions exhibits significant variability. The findings suggest that climate change projections indicate a prevalence of warmer conditions in the future. Under the RCP scenarios, the territory can be categorized into up to three bioclimatic classes for both the Heat Index (HI) and the Winter Index-Growing Degree Days (WI-GDD), in contrast to the current climate which has six classes. These results provide valuable insights into the suitability of viticulture within each climatic region and facilitate the identification of homogeneous zones. The utilization of consistent bioclimatic indices and an advanced hybrid interpolation method has enabled the delineation and comparison of bioclimatic variables of Jabal Al Arab with other regions worldwide. Such comparisons should be considered when selecting grapevine varieties and assessing the potential for grape production.
MONITORING PROPOSAL OF THE RED SWAMP CRAYFISH PROCAMBARUS CLARKII (GIRARD, 1852)
Authors:   Faculty of Animal Breeding, Bioengineering and Conservation, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warszawa, Poland, WRÓBLEWSKI Paweł
Published: June 2023

Invasive alien species are one of the major problems in Polish fauna and flora. They can displace native species and cause economic losses. Such animals as red swamp crayfish have a wide tolerance to changing living conditions, which means that their range of occurrence increases over time. The current area of red swamp crayfish in Poland includes several locations, but reports indicate that this species inhabits many other reservoirs. It is very important that the red swamp crayfish population is regularly monitored, which may limit the number of this crustacean in Polish waters.
NATURAL AND HABITAT CONDITIONS OF MEDOW COMMUNITIES IN THE NORTHERN POLDER IN THE “UJŚCIE WARTY” NATIONAL PARK
Authors:   Department of Grassland and Natural Landscape, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland, GRZELAK Mieczysław , MAJCHRZAK Leszek ,   Department of Agronomy, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland, GAWEŁ Eliza ,   Department od Forage Crop Production Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation – State Research Institute, Puławy, Poland, IDZIAK Robert ,   Department of Agronomy, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
Published: June 2023

Research on natural and functional values of grassy and reed phytocenoses in the “Ujście Warty” National Park in the Northern Polder, was carried out in 2013–2019. They showed that the formation of grass communities, their richness and floristic diversity, as well as natural and agricultural values, is mainly influenced by moisture, which results from the mosaic of habitats and the intensity of use. The aim of the study was to assess the floristic diversity, natural values and utility of grass communities in leasehold complexes in the “Ujście Warty” National Park in the Northern Polder in the Natura 2000 area. One of the methods of protection and renaturation of naturally valuable meadow communities is the introduction of extensive forms of mowing and pasture use. The aim of such activities is, among others, to improve floristic diversity and prevent unfavorable transformations of protocoenoses, especially in relation to areas covered by the Natura 2000 area. Single, annual mowing during the growing season, through the implementation of agri-environmental programs, does not cause significant changes in the botanical composition of the sward, but it is conducive to restoring the most valuable natural habitats as a potential habitat for bird species endangered on a national and European scale. The distinguished communities have a diversified economic and use value of Lwu ranging from 1.1 to 7.4, and some are wastelands. The calculated floristic diversity (H’) is varied and ranges from 1.3 to 3.9, and the obtained yields are sm. range from 2.8 to 14.8 t∙ha−1 .
NUTRITIONAL PROBLEMS OF LARGE AND GIANT BREED DOGS. PART II. ADULT DOGS
Authors:   Department of Monogastric Animal Sciences, Division of Animal Nutrition and Food, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Poland, KĘPIŃSKA-PACELIK Jagoda , BIEL Wioletta ,   Department of Monogastric Animal Sciences, Division of Animal Nutrition and Food, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Poland
Published: June 2023

The subject of dog nutrition is gaining popularity due to the growing awareness of the caregivers. Although there are foods dedicated to dogs of different breeds available on the market, caregivers relatively rarely wonder what they really differ from each other and what significance it has for animals. Many dogs are fed the same food for extended periods of time. The product designated as a complete/maintenance food is, according to legal regulations, balanced in such a way that it can be the only source of food for the animal, without leading to nutrient deficiencies. A dog’s digestive tract has not changed for hundreds of years, but the physiology of dog nutrition depends on the size of the breed. Dogs of small, medium, large and giant breeds, despite the fact that they belong to one species, have different nutritional needs. These differences must be taken into account in order to meet the needs as best as possible. The smaller the dog, the greater the digestive volume, and vice versa. The diet of large and giant breed dogs should be enriched with functional additives supporting the work of the joints. This need results from the fact that representatives of large and giant breeds, due to their size and large body weight, are particularly exposed to excessive strain on the elbows and hips.
GENETIC ASPECTS OF LACTOSE SYNTHESIS IN DAIRY CATTLE
Authors:   Department of Genetics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland, ŚPIEWAK Magdalena , KOWALEWSKA Inga ,   Department of Genetics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland, CZERNIAWSKA-PIĄTKOWSKA Ewa ,   Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
Published: June 2023

Market requirements, dictated by the growing needs of consumers, make it necessary to conduct breeding works to improve the performance characteristics of farm animals. The effectiveness of the breeding goal depends on both the genotype of the animals and the environmental conditions. Genomic selection using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is increasingly used in the selection and evaluation of dairy cattle breeds. In recent years, many experiments have been carried out to determine the relationship between the occurrence of the genotype and performance traits of livestock. The analysis of milk composition carried out so far focused mainly on such milk production traits as milk yield (kg), fat yield (kg), fat content (%), protein yield (kg) and protein content (%). So far, no largescale experiments have been carried out to test the content of lactose in milk and evaluate possible relationships with other milk performance traits. Lactose synthesis in the epithelial cells of the mammary gland serves as a major factor influencing milk volume production. Due to that conducting such an analysis seems to be beneficial for milk producers for economic reasons. An additional advantage may be the use of the obtained results in marker-assisted selection (MAS). The present review summarizes knowledge about lactose synthesis by covering and linking several aspects of cow’s milk.
Development of Advanced Electric Submersible Pumps to Meet Today’s Challenges
Authors: Heggum Geir , Girard Cyril , Harden William , McNair Steven , McAllister Scott
Published: June 2023

ESP technology has been incrementally evolving for many years now and can be considered a mature technology for well lifting applications. However, despite improvements, longevity of ESP equipment is still relatively poor, many of the reasons for which are rooted in the basic arrangement of the ESP motor – seal – pump – cable architecture that was developed over 80 years ago for land based well applications and using a historical business model based on commodity volumes.

With the increasing shift towards high CAPEX and OPEX offshore wells, often involving deep waters, large setting depths, high production rates, extensive well barrier requirements and more complex fluid reservoirs, the application of traditional ESPs is therefore compromised. Average run-life remains relatively short and the financial impact on OPEX of workovers is high, introducing significant deferred production and unacceptable economic risks to the business case for many of today’s challenging wells.

A Statoil development initiative to develop an Advanced ESP (AESP) is therefore under way on two fronts; firstly to redesign the current machinery arrangements so that many of the key failure modes are eliminated and secondly to address the overall deployment and retrievability of improved ESPs inside the production tubing.

The first development, the AESP, will focus on three main machinery elements:

- Development of a compact, high speed self-contained pump end

- Elimination of the current interconnecting shaft sealing system

- Application of new step change compact motor technology

The intention is to develop a robust ESP system including novel control, automation and power supply technology able to operate over a very wide range of production sensitivities with a high average run-life.
Comparison of the electrochemical degradation of alizarin green (AG) by Ti/PbO2 electrode and Ti/IrO2+Ta2O5 electrode
Authors: Miao Zhenghang , Zhong Yifang , Zhang Yuhao , Yan Hanyi , Zhao Yin , Shen Hong , Zhang Weiwei
Published: June 2023

In this study, the degradation of alizarin green (AG) by Ti/PbO2 electrode and Ti/IrO2 + Ta2O5 electrode was investigated; specifically, the degradation efficiency was compared. The optimal conditions for degradation, as determined from the results, were as follows: an initial concentration of the pollutant (AG) of 100 mg/L, an electrolyte (Na2SO4) concentration of 0.1 mol/L, a current density of 30 mA/cm2, and a pH of 5.86. Under these optimal conditions, the AG removal rate and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate were greater than 81.4% and 51.6%, respectively, by Ti/PbO2 electrode and Ti/IrO2 + Ta2O5 electrode after 70 min of degradation. In comparison with the mud-cracked surface of the Ti/IrO2 + Ta2O5 electrode, the Ti/PbO2 electrode showed higher stability for its pyramid crystal structure. Furthermore, during degradation, accelerated spalling phenomena were observed by SEM on the Ti/IrO2 + Ta2O5 electrode surface owing to the mud-cracked surface structure. As a result, a TiO2 passive film was formed, which lead to an increase in cell pressure and a decrease in the electrocatalysis ability of the Ti/IrO2 + Ta2O5 electrode.
The persulfate oxidation process, followed by biological treatment, is a hybrid process for the treatment of wastewater containing Rhodamine-B dye.
Authors: Shaik Shakira , Mallemko Venakata Sai Suma Sri , Barik Puspita , Kuppam Chandrasekhar , Kommoju Vallayya Chari , Mikkili Indira , Davuluri Syam Babu
Published: June 2023

This study investigated a combined approach of a persulfate-based advanced oxidation process followed by biological treatment of a textile industrial effluent. The effluent from the textile industry is primarily composed of various dyes in varying concentrations, resulting in high chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD). The model pollutant Rhodamine-Blue was used in the optimization studies (RhB). During the persulfate oxidation process, persulfate activation is required to generate sulfate radicals (SO4−•). Raw laterite soil was used as an external catalyst for the treatment of RhB in batch studies, and it was able to reduce the dye concentration by about 20% in 60 minutes of operation, with initial RhB concentrations of 150 mg L-1 and Persulfate concentrations of 200 mg L-1. Furthermore, alkali-treated laterite soil was used as a catalyst, achieving 57 to 60% removal in 60 min at pH 3 and nearly complete removal after 72 hours of biological treatment. Furthermore, the optimized conditions were tested on real field waters to determine efficiency, and it was discovered that the persulfate oxidation process removed approximately 45% of COD, with further biological treatment for 72 hours increasing the removal efficiency to 64%. All other parameters of water quality were reduced by more than 60%.
Soft expert approach in rough fuzzy set and its application in MCDM problem
Authors: Vijayabalaji Srinivasan , Kalaiselvan Shanmugam , Davvaz Bijan
Published: June 2023

One of the interesting part in the study of uncertainty is to learn about their fusion models. In particular while studying about fuzzy set and rough set one may be interested to know about their joint models. Rough fuzzy sets and fuzzy rough sets are those types. After the introduction of soft sets many research developments started emerging both in the theoretical and application prospective manner. Though this theory sounds good it has its own limitation in describing expert opinion. To overcome this difficulty the novel idea of soft expert set was being developed. This paper attempts to inter-relate soft expert set with rough fuzzy set in theoretical aspect. An approach to decision-making situation based on the soft expert rough fuzzy set model is also given in a lucid manner.
Chemotherapy-driven increases in the IL6/STAT3/Mcl-1 axis reduce the chemosensitivity of osteosarcoma cells
Authors: Huang Peng , Liu An-Song , Huang Jufang , Zhou Ruo-Yun , Yin Ke , Yu Hai-Yang , Li Jin-Song
Published: June 2023

Osteosarcoma (OS) remains one of the most uncontrollable and devastating malignant tumors and is very prone to chemotherapy resistance as the main reason for treatment failure. Previous study found that chemotherapy itself can stimulate Mcl-1 upregulation in OS cells, which in turn inhibits the chemosensitivity of OS cells, but the basic process by which this occurs is unknown. The present study found that chemotherapy upregulated the expression of Mcl-1, which led to a decrease in the chemosensitivity of tumors by promoting their proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. The IL6/STAT3 axis was the critical regulator of Mcl-1 expression in OS cells receiving chemotherapy. Mechanistic analysis suggested that enhanced the DNA damage repair machinery was the mechanism by which chemotherapy-driven increases in the IL6/STAT3/Mcl-1 axis led to chemoresistance. Therefore, chemotherapy-driven increases in the IL6/STAT3/Mcl-1 axis are the key in chemoresistance, suggesting the potential for a novel strategy to enhance chemosensitivity in OS.
Risk of myocardial infarction, heart failure, and cerebrovascular disease with the use of angiotensin receptor blockers: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Yoo yung-geun , Lim Min-Jung , Kim Jin-Seob , Jeong Han-Eol , Ko Hee-Joo , Shin Ju-Young
Published: June 2023

Background:There is a lack of studies comparing the risk of cardio-cerebrovascular disease between angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) of different half-lives.Aim:To compare the risks of myocardial infarction, heart failure, and cerebrovascular disease with the use of ARBs with different half-lives in a retrospective cohort of patients aged ≥ 40 years with hypertension.Method:We performed propensity score matching to establish a cohort of 148,229 patients exposed to valsartan, losartan, irbesartan, or telmisartan. We used an as-treated approach to evaluate exposure and the Cox regression logistic model to calculate the incidence rates and adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs, 95% confidence interval) for MI, heart failure, and cerebrovascular disease with valsartan, losartan, and irbesartan compared to telmisartan.Results:The matched cohort analysis showed that the risk of myocardial infarction was higher for valsartan use (1.39, 1.33–1.45) and losartan use (1.10, 1.05–1.15) but lower for irbesartan use (0.90, 0.86-0.94) than telmisartan use. Compared with telmisartan use, the risk for cerebrovascular disease was lower for valsartan use (0.85, 0.83–0.87) and losartan use (0.80, 0.78–0.82) but higher for irbesartan use (1.11, 1.09–1.13).Conclusion:We found differences in the risk of myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular disease with the use of ARBs with different half-lives. Valsartan and losartan with a short half-life, which showed a higher risk of myocardial infarction, had a lower risk of cerebrovascular disease. Conversely, irbesartan with a long half-life, which showed a lower risk of myocardial infarction, had a higher risk of cerebrovascular disease.
A community-based intervention to improve screening, referral, and follow-up of non-communicable diseases and anaemia amongst pregnant and postpartum women in rural India: study protocol for a cluster randomised trial
Authors: Hirst Jane Elizabeth , Votruba Nicole , Billot Laurent , Arora Varun , Thout Sudhir Raj , Peiris David , Patel Aunshka , Norton Robyn , Mullins Edward , Sharma Ankita , Kennedy Stephen , Jha Vivekanand , Praveen Devarsetty
Published: June 2023

Background
Medical complications during pregnancy, including anaemia, gestational diabetes mellitus and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy place women are at higher risk of long-term complications. Scalable and low-cost strategies to integrate non-communicable disease screening into pregnancy care are needed. We aim to determine the effectiveness and implementation components of a community-based, digitally-enabled approach, “SMARThealth Pregnancy”, to improve health during pregnancy and the first year after birth.
Methods
A pragmatic, parallel-group, cluster-randomised, type 2 hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial of a community-based, complex intervention in rural India to decrease anaemia (primary outcome, defined as haemoglobin < 12g/dL) and increase testing for haemoglobin, glucose and blood pressure (secondary outcomes) in the first year after birth. Primary Health Centres (PHCs) are the unit of randomisation. PHCs are eligible with: (1) >1 medical officer and >2 community health workers; and (2) capability to administer intravenous iron sucrose. Thirty PHCs in Telangana and Haryana, will be randomised 1:1 using a matched-pair design accounting for cluster size and distance from the regional centre. The intervention comprises: (i) an education programme for community health workers and PHC doctors; (ii) the SMARThealth Pregnancy App for health workers to support community-based screening, referral, and follow-up of high-risk cases; (iii) a dashboard for PHC doctors to monitor high-risk women in the community; (iv) supply chain monitoring for consumables and medications, and (v) stakeholder engagement to co-develop implementation and sustainability pathways. The comparator is usual care with additional health worker education. Secondary outcomes include implementation outcomes assessed by the RE-AIM framework (reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, maintenance), clinical endpoints (anaemia, diabetes, hypertension), clinical service delivery indicators (quality of care score), mental health, and lactation practice (PHQ9, GAD7, EuroQoL-5D, WHO IYCF questionnaire).
Discussion
Engaging women with screening after a high-risk pregnancy is a challenge and has been highlighted as a missed opportunity for the prevention of non-communicable diseases. The SMARThealth Pregnancy trial is powered for the primary outcome and will address gaps in the evidence around how pregnancy can be used as an opportunity to improve women’s lifelong health. If successful, this approach could improve the health of women living in resource-limited settings around the world.
Trial registration: clinicaltrials.gov NCT05752955. Date of registration 3 March 2023
Effect of different application duration of a venous foot pump on prevention of venous thromboembolism after hip and knee arthroplasty: A multicenter prospective clinical trial
Authors: GU Siqi , Chen Yu-e , Lei Mingxing , Li Jiahui , Li Wanying , Zhang Meihong , Zhu Hongxia , Ma Mengying , Kong Dan , Gao Yuan
Published: June 2023

Objective: To investigate the optimal duration of applying a venous foot pump (VFP) in the prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) following hip and knee arthroplasty.
Methods: A total of 230 patients undergoing hip and knee arthroplasty between March 2021 and March 2022 in orthopedic departments of four major teaching hospitals were prospectively enrolled. Patients were randomly divided into five groups based on the duration of the VFP application. Postoperative deep vein thromboses (DVT), including proximal, distal, and intermuscular DVT, were recorded for analysis. Postoperative blood coagulation examinations, such as D-dimer and active partial thromboplastin time (APTT), pain outcome, and degree of comfort were also collected.
Results: Two of the 230 patients withdrew due to early discharge from the hospital, and 228 patients were included in the final analysis. The mean age was 60.38 ± 13.33 years. The baseline characteristics were comparable among the five groups. Compared with the other groups, patients treated with 6-hour VFP had the lowest incidence of DVT (8.7%, 4/46), followed by those treated with 1-hour VFP (15.2%, 7/46), 12-hour VFP (15.6%, 7/45), 18-hour VFP(17.8%, 8/45) and 20-hour VFP(21.7%, 10/46), but with no significant difference (P = 0.539). Regarding postoperative blood coagulation examinations, patients treated with 6-hour VFP had the lowest D-dimer (P = 0.658) and the highest APTT (P= 0.262) compared with the other four groups. 6-hour VFP also had the lowest pain score (P = 0.206) and the highest comfort score (P = 0.288) compared with the other four groups.
Conclusions: Six hours may be the optimal duration of applying VFP for the prevention of VTE in patients undergoing hip and knee arthroplasty in terms of VTE incidence, postoperative blood coagulation examinations, pain outcomes, and comfort scores.
Celestial compass design mimics the fan-like polarisation filter array of insect eyes
Authors: Gkanias Evripidis , Mitchell Robert , Stankiewicz Jan , Khan Sadeque , Mitra Srinjoy , Webb Barbara
Published: June 2023

Insects use the sun's position (even when concealed) as a compass for navigation by filtering celestial light intensity and polarisation through their compound eyes. To replicate this functionality, we present a sensor that imitates essential aspects of insect eyes, particularly the fan-like arrangements of polarised light receptors in their dorsal rim area. Our sensor comprises a ring of just eight polarimeter devices (pairs of photodiodes evaluating two orthogonal polarised light orientations) to analyse the skylight coming from different directions. Because the layout of our sensor aligns with the polarised light pattern in the sky, a simple computation that integrates information spatially across the devices allows accurate extraction of the sun's position. In extensive validation encompassing various occlusions from trees and buildings, as well as diverse atmospheric and weather conditions, our sensor exhibited superior performance compared to alternative (and computationally more complex) methods
Sample Size Calculation in Randomized Clinical Trials (A Review of Clinical Trials.gov)
Authors: Umoke Ifeanyi Charles
Published: June 2023

Randomized Controlled Trial, RCT, is the gold standard approach in clinical investigations. In designing RCTs, a vital step is calculating and justifying the sample size. Critical to the sample size calculation is determination of the target effect size. Transparency in the process of determining both is key to producing quality trials and meeting study targets. This study aims to quantify the standardized effect sizes of trials published in clinicaltrials.gov and to determine if this, and the sample sizes were influenced by study sponsors. Search strategy Ninety-six, 96, trials registered in clinicaltrials.org between 2021 and 2019 were included in the review. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 26. Results are presented with the appropriate statistical tools. Results The median standardized target effect size was 0.60 (IQR = 0.39–0.79). The most common elicitation method for the target effect size was the review of evidence base, observed in 54% of the trials, (N = 52). The median sample size (calculated per arm) was 41.00. When analyzed according to sponsors, the median sample sizes were 53.50 (Charity); 46.50 (Industry) and 45.00 (Public). Conclusion Sample sizes varied according to sponsors with a tendency for studies originating from charity institutions to have higher sample sizes than other categories when the primary outcome variable was of continuous scale.