bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analyzing the Box Office Success of the Chinese Remake of the Musical “Apollonia”: Centering on the 7Ps of Marketing Mix
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Fu Linzi , Han Kyung Hoon
Published: December 2023

This study aims to analyze the localization success factors of the Chinese reimagined musical Apollonia in terms of seven factors based on the marketing mix 7P, reveal the impact of localization marketing strategies on the production, and provide effective ideas for the marketing of future reimagined musical. To this end, the performance, advantages and disadvantages of the localization marketing strategy were analysed on the basis of reviewing literature such as relevant articles and musical promotional films, as well as the box office factors and physical evidence factors in the localization process. The analysis showed that the musical Apollonia was more recognized by audiences by focusing on genres that Chinese people could relate to and share similar emotions in the content delivery, and the main promotion method was new media promotion such as Weibo and TikTok. The audience of the musical was analyzed and sales promotion such as “fandom effect”, “collecting desire” were used to induce repeated viewing, and musical IP animation images musical derivatives played an important role in the marketing strategy.
A Study on Visual Representation of Contemporary Chinese Web Animation: Focus on ‘Dali Temple Log’
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Yue Wenjing , Kim Saehoon
Published: December 2023

The popularity of web animation and the expansion of the target audience have promoted the change of the form of visual content, and gradually become a new way of communication and interaction between animation creator and audience. This change of form also points out the future direction for development of web animation. The purpose of the study is to establish a framework of the expression mode, interrelationship and influence mechanism of these forms of content by analyzing the multiple fusion of visual content in classic works of Chinese web animation and the influence of the new forms on the audience's cognitive experience in the context of the times. The study findings demonstrate that situating the creation process of web animation within cultural and social contexts can establish a mutual reinforcement between images and meanings.
Research on How to Revitalize Local Startups in Northern Gyeonggi-do Using AHP
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Ko IlKwon
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the priorities of experts, local entrepreneurs, and support organizations to revitalize local entrepreneurship and set policy directions. The study was conducted in northern Gyeonggi-do, which has a lower Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) than southern Gyeonggi-do, and a higher proportion of small businesses and self-employed entrepreneurs than ICT and manufacturing industries. Previous studies and surveys have shown that northern Gyeonggi-do lacks infrastructure to support entrepreneurship, and the revitalization of local entrepreneurship is helpful in terms of revitalizing the local economy and linking with ICT and manufacturing industries. In this study, in order to structurally analyze the factors for revitalizing local entrepreneurship, sub-factors were subdivided into local cluster perspectives of economic activity localization, industry linkages, and establishment of support systems, and AHP analysis was conducted by experts. The results showed that social factors, physical factors, and institutional factors are the most important factors for local entrepreneurship in the northern part of Gyeonggi-do. In particular, it is necessary to discover specialized brands through local councils and to activate consumption through policy.
Exploring the Perception of Professional Characteristics and Professionalism of Multicultural Society Expert: Focusing on the Master's Degree Students Who are Completing the 2nd Level Course of Multicultural Society Experts
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Kim Taeun
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study is to investigate the perceptions of the job characteristics and expertise regarding multicultural social experts among students currently completing the multicultural social expert course. For this purpose, a questionnaire survey was conducted upon 14 students who were majoring in Korean language education and completing the multicultural social expert course at S University. As a result showed that the unclear identity of the multicultural social expert leads to decreased occupational value and students not recognizing themselves as professionals. Therefore, there is a need to improve the qualification system for multicultural social expert and set their specific roles and treatment in order to allow them to function as professionals with expertise in the field.
Case Study for Improving the Operation of University Convergence Liberal Aarts Education
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Yang Minsuk
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study is to explore ways to improve the operation of university convergence liberal arts education based on a case study of convergence liberal arts education at University A. A research method of in-depth interviews with professors who run convergence liberal arts courses was used, and experiences and opinions on convergence liberal arts education were collected and analyzed. Through this, we sought to develop more progressive convergence liberal arts subjects and explore ways to improve and support convergence liberal arts education. The study analyzed the characteristics and operating system of University A's convergence liberal arts education, the operating method and teaching methods of convergence subjects, and interactions with students, and sought ways to revitalize convergence liberal arts education. In conclusion, the need for a database of convergence materials and cases for instructors, a convergence education program for instructors, a regular opinion listening system for educational support, and efficient collaboration among instructors who discuss textbooks and teaching methods and participate in subject development together is presented.
The Growth of Subject and Female as the Other in Modern Times: Focusing on “Daeha” by Kim Nam-Cheon
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Kim ARum
Published: December 2023

This study focuses on the growth of the modern subject that “Daeha” is achieving. In particular, we took into consideration the fact that existing research tends to interpret the growth of modern subjects by focusing on male characters, and attempted to differentiate ourselves by examining aspects of female characters. There are two ways in which women are othered in the “Daeha”. First, it can be pointed out that in the process of acquiring modernity, the male subject regards women as objects of ignorant and ignorant enlightenment. The lack of female characters is maximized in this area. Second, the frustration experienced by male subjects in the process of establishing themselves results in the sexualization of women. At this point, the female body is fragmented by the male gaze, and the woman's desires are completely excluded. Based on these discussions, this study is significant in that it newly clarifies that the establishment of the modern subject revealed in the “Daeha” has a clear limitation that it is limited to male characters.
Transmission of Cultural Heritage through Community Participation Based on the Case of the Pusol School-Museum in Spain
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Cho Sungsil
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze the way in which the local community participates and affects the operation of the Pusol School-Museum in Spain, registered since 2009 in the UNESCO ‘Good Safeguarding Practices’ list, and how it leads to the transmission of the regional cultural heritage. The main identity of the subject of this study, the Pusol School-Museum, is the assertion, preservation and transmission of local cultural heritage in the municipality of Elche, a small rural region in Spain. The contents of the museum are developed as educational programs that local students can enjoy. In this way, the Pusol School-Museum in meanful for the local community, introducing the participation of several generations through numerous cultural heritage transmission programs, and building a structure of collaboration and coexistence between the municipal inhabitants and the museum.
An Analysis of Social Integration Research Trends for North Korean Defectors
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Gu gieun , Cho yunkoung
Published: December 2023

In the case of social integration between the two Koreas, as mentioned earlier, it should be defined whether to be social integration in the sense of institutionalizing conflict or social integration in the sense of social ties. This is because the two Koreas should not only integrate at the physical level, but also integrate internally between the members of the two Koreas. Therefore, this study selected and explored papers on the subject of North Korean defectors and social integration. This study would like to collect papers for social integration for four and a half years from 2019 to June 2023 and analyze the contents according to research methods and topics to suggest directions for social integration of North Korean defectors in the future. And this study collect papers for social integration for four and a half years from 2019 to June 2023 and analyze the contents according to research methods and topics to suggest directions for social integration of North Korean defectors in the future. It will be able to serve as a useful milestone for researchers who want to study this topic in the future by exploring how existing studies understand the problem of social integration for North Korean defectors and approaching problem solving.
A Study on Disaster and Safety Awareness in Seoul Citizens
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Kim Jeewung , Kim Sangwoon
Published: December 2023

This study aims to diagnose the level of disaster safety awareness among Seoul residents and to strengthen disaster safety awareness as an initial step toward building a disaster-safe community. Due to rapid urbanization and population growth, Seoul has become a central area where people live and economic activities are concentrated. As a result, it creates enormous socio-economic value and is exposed to potentially serious disasters and risks. Natural disasters (earthquakes, floods, etc.) and social disasters (fires, accidents) have a more devastating impact in large cities. Therefore, disaster safety has emerged as one of the key challenges of modern society and is strongly influenced by emergency response capabilities, effective prevention and preparedness plans, and citizens' perceptions of disaster safety. Based on the survey data of 1,000 Seoul residents in 2021 conducted by the Seoul Institute, this study used E-stat 3.0, a statistical program of the Korea Social Science Data Center (KSDC), to study disaster safety awareness using frequency analysis and analysis of variance, and the results of the study are expected to derive measures to improve disaster safety awareness at the local level and serve as a resource for strengthening disaster safety awareness not only in Seoul but also in other large cities.
Enhancing Elderly Customer Engagement in Large-scale Domestic Retail: Service Improvement Factors in an Aging Society
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Kang Kyunghee , Yim Jinho
Published: December 2023

Post-pandemic, a significant shift of the elderly to online shopping and large supermarkets started to become warehouses for online channels. This transformation reduces the physical activity of seniors who previously visited large supermarkets, limiting their independent and active lifestyles. This study aims to make domestic large supermarkets more elderly-friendly in the super-aging era, identifying factors through research on distribution changes, trends, demographics, and service quality. 1:1 interviews and surveys with seniors, along with FGI explored feasibility and implementation considerations. Results emphasize the need for senior-exclusive parking, employee call bells, checkout counters, and rest areas with water dispensers.
A Study on Emotional Support Measures for School Maladjusted Youth
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Han Seongkwan
Published: December 2023

The goal of this study is to provide a comprehensive understanding of emotional support measures for school maladjusted youth and to provide actionable insights to educators, policy makers, and educational practitioners for improvements to create nurturing educational environments in which all students can thrive. The goal is to provide. It is most important to provide effective emotional support to school maladjusted youth. School maladjustment encompasses a variety of problems faced by students, including emotional and behavioral difficulties that impede academic and social development. School maladjustment encompasses a variety of problems faced by students, including emotional and behavioral difficulties that impede academic and social development. Above all, the importance of emotional support in alleviating the root causes, psychological and social factors, and effects of adolescents' maladjustment to school is emphasized. Schools must pave the way for a brighter future for maladjusted youth, providing them with the support they need to overcome emotional challenges and reach their full potential both academically and in their personal lives.
The Use of Visual Arts in Medical Education: Action Research
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Kim Yoonjeun
Published: December 2023

This study is an interdisciplinary action research that empirically explores the educational value of integrating art appreciation into medical education in medical humanities classes. The designed study involved six 3rd-year medical school students and implemented a specialized art appreciation class tailored for medical education. During this process, the study combined the SPICES model of educational strategies with “visual thinking strategies” and incorporated neuroscientific research on art responses to refine teaching methods. The class progressed through stages of “intense observation,” “open-ended questioning and discussion,” and “narrative storytelling.” Through in-depth interviews with participants, the study qualitatively evaluated teaching methods, content, and outcomes and confirmed the positive impact of the class on students' observation skills, communication skills, and interpretation skills. Based on these results, this research emphasizes on the potential collaboration between medical education and visual arts, presenting new possibilities for utilizing visual arts in clinical medicine.
A Support Plan for Social Integration Counseling in Multicultural Families by International Marriage
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Jung JinSuk
Published: December 2023

This study seeks to present effective psychological counseling support measures for multicultural families formed through international marriages, including culturally sensitive counseling approaches, intercultural communication strategies, and the role of cultural mediators. In modern society, international marriages are becoming an increasingly common phenomenon, and the formation of multicultural families is also increasing. However, such international marriages and the formation of multicultural families bring about various challenges and concerns. In particular, difficulties, identity conflicts, and communication barriers due to cultural differences between members of multicultural families have a great impact on the psychological aspect. Multicultural families face problems such as multicultural adjustment stress, communication difficulties, and identity conflicts. This study is expected to review foreign cases of multicultural families through international marriage and promote the development of social integrated counseling programs.
Signification of Contemporary Chinese Art through a Semiotic Aspect: Focusing on the Visual Symbols Shown in the Work
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Liu Zhongchen , Lee Guyong
Published: December 2023

This study employs semiotic theory to explore the visual symbols and their meanings in contemporary Chinese art. By analyzing the visual symbols of specific artworks through case studies and interpreting their meanings centered around Roland Barthes's theory of myth, the research delves into the association between art and semiotics in various artistic forms including two-dimensional, three-dimensional, and digital visual symbols. Focusing on works created after the 1979 'Star Art Exhibition', it provides a nuanced understanding of the semiotics and visual symbols in contemporary Chinese art, demonstrating semiotics as a valuable framework for in-depth analysis. The findings reveal that through semiotic analysis, contemporary Chinese art can be seen as a 'text' with profound socio-cultural meanings, enhancing our comprehension of the intricate interplay and deeper significations between contemporary art and signs.
The Effect of Social Support Perceived by the Elderly on Depression: The Mediating Effect of the Meaning of Life
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Jeon Hyejeong , Kim Sungbong
Published: December 2023

This study aimed to verify the mediating effect of meaning in life on the relationship between perceived social support and depression in the elderly. To do so, we used data from 353 elderly people aged 65 and older in J Region who participated in the survey faithfully. SPSS 18.0 was used for frequency analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis, and mediation analysis. The results of the study showed that, first, higher perceived social support was associated with lower levels of depression and higher perceived meaning of life. Second, when the effect of social support on depression was examined through the mediation of meaning of life, it was found that the mediator, meaning of life, had a partial mediation effect. Based on these findings, we suggest the need for an approach utilizing social support and meaning of life as interventions for the mental health of the elderly.
Exploring the Potential of AI as a Tool for Korean Language Education and Learning: A Focus on ChatGPT
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Ryu Jaewon , So Rina
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study is to recognize changes in educational paradigm due to the development of Information and communication technology and the arrival of digital native generation, and to apply new educational tools tailored to learner characteristics to Korean Education. In order to comply with these objectives, the applicability of AI as a tool for teaching and learning Korean was discovered featuring ChatGPT which is a generative Artificial Intelligence currently under the spotlight. Existing discussions for Korean Education using Artificial Intelligence were first investigated and the concept and characteristics of the generative Artificial Intelligence ChatGPT were then explored. Based on this, a commandbased model applicable to teaching and learning Korean and the precautions for use were disclosed in detail. Further, examples of real life applications were presented to promote understanding and educational effects were sought to be maximized by introducing interoperable tools to expand from simply reading and writing to listening and speaking the language. This study is expected to contribute to the expansion of the extent and depth of follow-up research as preliminary data so as to suggest the direction of using AI in Korean Education.
A Study on the Difference in Satisfaction with Nail Care Use according to the Characteristics of Regular Nail Care Users
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Jeong Eunyeong
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study was to find out the difference in satisfaction between the characteristics of nail care users for customers who use regular nail care. The user characteristics of the survey subjects were high in the female group, the non-marriage group, the beauty expert group, the interest group, the one-time group, and the one-time management cost was 100,000 won, and the age group, final academic background, and monthly income were similar. There was a significant difference only in ‘cumulative’ nail care use satisfaction in the average number of monthly nail care uses, occupation, highest level of education, average monthly income, interest in nail care, and average one-time management cost. In addition, there was a significant difference in both ‘cumulative’ and ‘specific’ nail care use satisfaction in the main treatment method. In conclusion, there was a difference in user satisfaction among the nail care user characteristics of customers who use regular nail care. Therefore, it was found that in order to increase the reuse rate of existing customers in the nail care field, the user characteristics of nail care must be considered.
Proposal of Pet Carbon Journey Map
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Chung Jiwon , Pan Younghwan , Yoo chaemoon
Published: December 2023

In this research, we proposed Pet Dog Carbon Journey Map as a new service method that can show how much pet food affects the environment from an objective and environmental perspective. The map suggests ways to induce consumers’ environmentally friendly consumption habits and contribute to raising environmental awareness by visually showing Green consumer’s value consumption zone. In the future, the result of this research is expected to be used for marketing activities of companies targeting Green consumer, creating new petconomy businesses, and providing services that remind customers of awareness of the environment and boost value consumption.
Reviewing the potential of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics: advancements in treatment of ulcerative colitis
Authors: Jadhav Apurva , Jagtap Suresh , Vyavahare Suresh , Sharbidre Archana , Kunchiraman Bipinraj
Published: December 2023

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) like Crohn’s and ulcerative colitis (UC) are multifactorial pathologies caused by environmental factors and genetic background. UC is a chronic inflammatory disorder that specifically targets the colon, resulting in inflammation. Various chemical interventions, including aminosalicylates, corticosteroids, immunomodulators, and biological therapies, have been extensively employed for the purpose of managing symptoms associated with UC. Nevertheless, it is important to note that these therapeutic interventions may give rise to undesirable consequences, including, but not limited to, the potential for weight gain, fluid retention, and heightened vulnerability to infections. Emerging therapeutic approaches for UC are costly due to their chronic nature. Alternatives like synbiotic therapy, combining prebiotics and probiotics, have gained attention for mitigating dysbiosis in UC patients. Prebiotics promote beneficial bacteria proliferation, while probiotics establish a balanced gut microbiota and regulate immune system functionality. The utilisation of synbiotics has been shown to improve the inflammatory response and promote the resolution of symptoms in individuals with UC through the stimulation of beneficial bacteria growth and the enhancement of intestinal barrier integrity. Hence, this review article aims to explore the potential benefits and underlying reasons for incorporating alternative approaches in the management of UC with studies performed using prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics to treat ulcerative colitis and to highlight safety and considerations in UC and future perspectives. This will facilitate the utilisation of novel treatment strategies for the safer and more efficacious management of patients with UC.
The semantic map of when and its typological parallels
Authors: Haug Dag , Pedrazzini Nilo
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we explore the semantic map of the English temporal connective when and its parallels in more than 1,000 languages drawn from a parallel corpus of New Testament translations. We show that there is robust evidence for a cross-linguistic distinction between universal and existentialWHEN. We also see tentative evidence that innovation in this area involves recruiting new items for universal WHEN which gradually can take over the existential usage. Another possible distinction that we see is between serialized events, which tend to be expressed with non-lexified constructions and framing/backgrounding constructions, which favor an explicit subordinator.
Understanding public preferences for learning about uncertain science: measurement and individual difference correlates
Authors: Ratcliff Chelsea L. , Harvill Blue , Wicke Rebekah
Published: December 2023

Although uncertainty is inherent in science, public audiences vary in their openness to information about preliminary discoveries and the caveats and limitations of research. These preferences shape responses to science communication, and science communicators often adapt messaging based on assumed preferences. However, there has not been a validated instrument for examining these preferences. Here, we present an instrument to capture preferences for information about uncertainty in science, validated with a large U.S. adult sample. Factor analysis results show that preferring certain scientific information and preferring uncertain scientific information are orthogonal constructs requiring separate measures. The final Preference for Information about Uncertain Science (or “PIUS-11”) scale comprises two dimensions: preferring complete information (i.e., caveats, limitations, and hedging included) and being open to learning about preliminary science. The final Preference for Certain Science Information (or “PCSI-9”) scale comprises two dimensions: preferring streamlined information (i.e., caveats, limitations, and hedging removed) and preferring to learn only about established science. We present psychometric properties of each scale and report observed relationships between each set of preferences and an individual's scientific understanding, trust in science, need for cognitive closure, and sociodemographic factors.
Range-wide trends in tiger conservation landscapes, 2001 - 2020
Authors: Sanderson Eric W. , Miquelle Dale G. , Fisher Kim , Harihar Abishek , Clark Chris , Moy Jesse , Potapov Peter , Robinson Nathaniel , Royte Lucinda , Sampson Dustin , Sanderlin Jamie , Yackulic Charles B. , Belecky Michael , Breitenmoser Urs , Breitenmoser-Würsten Christine , Chanchani Pranav , Chapman Stuart , Deomurari Arpit , Duangchantrasiri Somphot , Facchini Elisa , Gray Thomas N.E. , Goodrich John , Hunter Luke , Linkie Matthew , Marthy Willy , Rasphone Akchousanh , Roy Sugoto , Sittibal Detrit , Tempa Tshering , Umponjan Mayuree , Wood Karen
Published: December 2023

Of all the ways human beings have modified the planet over the last 10,000 years, habitat loss is the most important for other species. To address this most critical threat to biodiversity, governments, non-governmental actors, and the public need to know, in near real-time, where and when habitat loss is occurring. Here we present an integrated habitat modelling system at the range-wide scale for the tiger (Panthera tigris) to measure and monitor changes in tiger habitat at range-wide, national, biome, and landscape scales, as often as the underlying inputs change. We find that after nearly 150 years of decline, effective potential habitat for the tiger seems to have stabilized at around 16% of its indigenous extent (1.817 million km2). As of the 1st of January 2020, there were 63 Tiger Conservation Landscapes in the world, covering 911,920 km2 shared across ten of the 30 modern countries which once harbored tiger populations. Over the last 20 years, the total area of Tiger Conservation Landscapes (TCLs) declined from 1.025 million km2 in 2001, a range-wide loss of 11%, with the greatest losses in Southeast Asia and southern China. Meanwhile, we documented expansions of modelled TCL area in India, Nepal, Bhutan, northern China, and southeastern Russia. We find significant potential for restoring tigers to existing habitats, identified here in 226 Restoration Landscapes. If these habitats had sufficient prey and were tigers able to find them, the occupied land base for tigers might increase by 50%. Our analytical system, incorporating Earth observations, in situ biological data, and a conservation-oriented modelling framework, provides the information the countries need to protect tigers and enhance habitat, including dynamic, spatially explicit maps and results, updated as often as the underlying data change. Our work builds on nearly 30 years of tiger conservation research and provides an accessible way for countries to measure progress and report outcomes. This work serves as a model for objective, range-wide, habitat monitoring as countries work to achieve the goals laid out in the Sustainable Development Goals, the 30×30 Agenda, and the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework.
Association of carotid wall shear stress measured by vector flow mapping technique with ba-PWV: a pilot study
Authors: Cheng Yi , Chen Jie , Zhao Qing , Zhang Jinghan , Gao Junyi
Published: December 2023

Objective

Arterial stiffness is an important tissue biomarker of the progression of atherosclerotic diseases. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (ba-PWV) is a gold standard of arterial stiffness measurement widely used in Asia. Changes in vascular wall shear stress (WSS) lead to artery wall remodeling, which could give rise to an increase in arterial stiffness. The study aimed to explore the association between ba-PWV and common carotid artery (CCA) WSS measured by a newly invented vascular vector flow mapping (VFM) technique.

Methods

We included 94 subjects free of apparent cardiovascular disease (CVD) and divided them into a subclinical atherosclerosis (SA) group (N = 47) and non subclinical atherosclerosis (NSA) group (N = 47). CCA WSS was measured using the VFM technique. Bivariate correlations between CCA WSS and other factors were assessed with Pearson's, Spearman's, or Kendall's coefficient of correlation, as appropriate. Partial correlation analysis was conducted to examine the influence of age and sex. Multiple linear stepwise regression was used for the analysis of independent determinants of CCA WSS. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to find the association between CCA WSS and 10-year CVD risk.

Results

The overall subjects had a mean age of 47.9 ± 11.2 years, and males accounted for 52.1%. Average systolic CCA WSS was significantly correlated with ba-PWV (r = −0.618, p < 0.001) in the SA group. Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis confirmed that ba-PWV was an independent determinant of average systolic CCA WSS (β = −0.361, p = 0.003). The area under the curve (AUC) of average systolic CCA WSS for 10-year CVD risk ≥10% was 0.848 (p < 0.001) in the SA group.

Conclusions

Average systolic CCA WSS was significantly correlated with ba-PWV and was associated with 10-year CVD risk ≥10% in the SA group. Therefore, CCA WSS measured by the VFM technique could be used for monitoring and screening subjects with potential CVD risks.
Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of lung cells in COVID-19 patients with diabetes, hypertension, and comorbid diabetes-hypertension
Authors: Zhang Xin , Deng Xiaoqian , Zhang Liangliang , Wang Pengbo , Tong Xia , Mo Yan , Zhang Yuansheng , Zhang Yan , Mo Chunheng , Zhang Lanlan
Published: December 2023

Background

There is growing evidence that the lung is a target organ for injury in diabetes and hypertension. There are no studies on the status of the lungs, especially cellular subpopulations, and related functions in patients with diabetes, hypertension, and hypertension-diabetes after combined SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Method

Using single-cell meta-analysis in combination with bulk-RNA analysis, we identified three drug targets and potential receptors for SARS-CoV-2 infection in lung tissues from patients with diabetes, hypertension, and hypertension-diabetes, referred to as “co-morbid” patients. Using single-cell meta-analysis analysis in combination with bulk-RNA, we identified drug targets and potential receptors for SARS-CoV-2 infection in the three co-morbidities.

Results

The single-cell meta-analysis of lung samples from SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals with diabetes, hypertension, and hypertension-diabetes comorbidity revealed an upregulation of fibroblast subpopulations in these disease conditions associated with a predictive decrease in lung function. To further investigate the response of fibroblasts to therapeutic targets in hypertension and diabetes, we analyzed 35 upregulated targets in both diabetes and hypertension. Interestingly, among these targets, five specific genes were upregulated in fibroblasts, suggesting their potential association with enhanced activation of endothelial cells. Furthermore, our investigation into the underlying mechanisms driving fibroblast upregulation indicated that KREMEN1, rather than ACE2, could be the receptor responsible for fibroblast activation. This finding adds novel insights into the molecular processes involved in fibroblast modulation in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection within these comorbid conditions. Lastly, we compared the efficacy of Pirfenidone and Nintedanib as therapeutic interventions targeting fibroblasts prone to pulmonary fibrosis. Our findings suggest that Nintedanib may be a more suitable treatment option for COVID-19 patients with diabetes and hypertension who exhibit fibrotic lung lesions.

Conclusion

In the context of SARS-CoV-2 infections, diabetes, hypertension, and their coexistence predominantly lead to myofibroblast proliferation. This phenomenon could be attributed to the upregulation of activated endothelial cells. Moreover, it is noteworthy that therapeutic interventions targeting hypertension-diabetes demonstrate superior efficacy. Regarding treating fibrotic lung conditions, Nintedanib is a more compelling therapeutic option.
High incidence of occult familial SDHD cases amongst Czech patients with head and neck paragangliomas
Authors: Guha Anasuya , Vicha Ales , Zelinka Tomas , Kana Martin , Musil Zdenek , Pacak Karel , Betka Jan , Chovanec Martin , Plzak Jan , Boucek Jan
Published: December 2023

Introduction

Head and neck paragangliomas (HNPGLs) are rare neuroendocrine tumors, which are mostly benign in nature. Amongst all genes, Succinate Dehydrogenase Subunit D (SDHD) is the most commonly mutated in familial HNPGLs. In about 30% of HNPGLs, germline mutations in SDHD can also occur in the absence of positive family history, thus giving rise to “occult familial” cases. Our aim was to evaluate the pattern of SDHD germline mutations in Czech patients with HNPGLs.

Materials and methods

We analyzed a total of 105 patients with HNPGLs from the Otorhinolaryngology departments of 2 tertiary centers between 2006 – 2021. All underwent complex diagnostic work-up and were also consented for genetic analysis.

Results

Eighty patients aged 13-76 years were included; around 60% with multiple PGLs were males. Carotid body tumor was the most frequently diagnosed tumor. Germline SDHD mutation was found in only 12% of the Czech patients; approximately 78% of those harboring the mutation had negative family history. The mutation traits had higher affiliation for multiple tumors with nearly 70% patients of ≤ 40 years of age.

Conclusion

An SDHD mutation variant was shared amongst unrelated patients but no founder-effect was established. Our findings confirmed that the pattern of SDHD mutation distribution amongst HNPGLs in Czech Republic differs from most studies worldwide.
Arginine vasopressin injection rescues delayed oviposition in cyp19a1b-/- mutant female zebrafish
Authors: Shaw Katherine , Lu Chunyu , Liu Xiaochun , Trudeau Vance L.
Published: December 2023

In zebrafish, estrogens produced in the ovaries via Cyp19a1a activity are required for both sexual differentiation of the ovary during early development as well as maintenance of the ovarian state during adulthood. The importance of Cyp19a1b that is highly expressed in the brain for female reproduction is still under study. We previously reported that female cyp19a1b-/- mutant zebrafish have significantly lower brain estradiol levels and impaired spawning behavior characterized by an increased latency to oviposition during dyadic sexual behavior encounters. In the current study, we provide evidence that the delayed oviposition in female cyp19a1b-/- mutants is linked to impaired arginine vasopressin (Avp) signaling. Droplet digital PCR experiments revealed that levels of the estrogen receptors, avp, and oxytocin (oxt) are lower in the hypothalamus of mutant females compared to wildtype fish. We then used acute intraperitoneal injections of Avp and Oxt, along with mixtures of their respective receptor antagonists, to determine that Avp can uniquely rescue the delayed oviposition in female cyp19a1b-/- mutants. Using immunohistochemistry, we demonstrated that Cyp19a1b-expressing radial glial cell (RGC) fibers surround and are in contact with Avp-immunopositive neurons in the preoptic areas of the brain. This could provide the neuroanatomical proximity for RGC-derived estrogens to diffuse to and activate estrogen receptors and regulate avp expression levels. Together these findings identify a positive link between Cyp19a1b and Avp for female zebrafish sexual behavior. They also suggest that the female cyp19a1b-/- mutant behavioral phenotype is likely a consequence of impaired processing of Avp-dependent social cues important for mate identification and assessment.
Early warning analysis of mountain flood disaster based on Copula function risk combination
Authors: Chai Qihui , Wan Fang , Zhang Fei , Wu Feng , Han Wenhao , Ding Zelin , Yang Shifeng
Published: December 2023

Mountain torrent disaster prevention is the focus of flood control and disaster reduction in China. Critical rainfall is an important indicator to determine the success or failure of mountain torrent disaster early warning. In this paper, the M-Copula function is introduced, the multi-dimensional joint distribution of critical rainfall is constructed, and the joint distribution of rainfall and peak rainfall intensity is analyzed. Taking A village in Xinxian County as an example. The critical rainfall of the combined probability is calculated, and the critical rainfall of the flash flood disaster water level, the pre-shift warning and the sharp-shift warning is warned and analyzed. The results show that the flood peak modulus calculated by Yishangfan group is 8.89, which has certain rules for the flood peak modulus of rivers in hilly areas. The larger the basin area is, the smaller the flood peak modulus is, the smaller the area is, and the larger the flood peak modulus is. The calculation result of the design flow of 533 m3/s is reasonable. It is reasonable and reliable to select the M-Copula function as the connection function to fit the joint distribution of rainfall and peak rainfall intensity, which can provide theoretical support for flash flood disaster warning in other regions.
“Keep on rolling”: circulating cells in a botryllid ascidian torpor
Authors: Hyams Yosef , Panov Julia , Taranenko Elizaveta , Brodsky Leonid , Rinkevich Yuval , Rinkevich Baruch
Published: December 2023

Hemocytes of the colonial tunicate Botrylloides leachii play important roles throughout the animal’s life span, including transport and storage of nutrients, respiration, regeneration, budding, sexual reproduction, defense responses, and tunic generation. Nevertheless, very little is known about the involvement of hemocytes or their functions in the remarkable torpor phenomenon characteristic of this species. Changes in water temperature result in rapid and dramatic morphological changes in which the entire colony degenerates, leaving remnants devoid of feeding and reproductive organs that form compacted and opaque masses of lacunae filled with hemocyte cells. Here, we study hemocyte populations in active and hibernating colonies at the morphological, cellular, and molecular levels using histological and transmission electron microscopy observations, primary cell culture observations, and single-cell transcriptomics. This study defines and captures the different cell types in torpor and control stages and further highlights torpor-associated cell types. Multinucleated cells (MNCs) appear only in torpor stages and under in vitro conditions and are most likely formed from cell fusions. Bacteria-carrying phagocytes are cells specific to a torpor state with yet unknown function. Single-cell sequencing analysis revealed 14 transcriptionally distinct cell clusters. The hibernating colonies had a low throughput of cells, yet all but two transcriptional clusters were present in hibernating colonies. A comparison of gene expressions in the same cell clusters revealed torpor-specific transcriptional modalities in seven of the cell types. Single-cell sequencing generates an enormous amount of valuable data that can serve researchers in future studies of ascidians and torpor phenomena and provide opportunities for future meta-analysis studies. However, the technical challenges create bottlenecks for the full exploitation of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data. We developed an interactive, searchable, and intuitive cloud-based database where researchers can easily explore the single-cell transcriptomics data generated by us from active and torpid B. leachii colonies. The data can be interrogated and downloaded for further analysis and comparative studies. The Dashboard is available at: http://bleachii.tauberbioinformatics.org/seurat?id=Bleachii-v1. By elucidating hemocyte populations during hibernation, these results provide the basis for future studies of hibernation at the cellular and molecular levels in B. leachii and comparative studies of hibernation phenomena in other organisms.
Progress in gene editing tools, implications and success in plants: a review
Authors: Bhuyan Suman Jyoti , Kumar Manoj , Ramrao Devde Pandurang , Rai Avinash Chandra , Mishra Amit Kumar , Singh Prashant Kumar , Siddique Kadambot H. M.
Published: December 2023

Genetic modifications are made through diverse mutagenesis techniques for crop improvement programs. Among these mutagenesis tools, the traditional methods involve chemical and radiation-induced mutagenesis, resulting in off-target and unintended mutations in the genome. However, recent advances have introduced site-directed nucleases (SDNs) for gene editing, significantly reducing off-target changes in the genome compared to induced mutagenesis and naturally occurring mutations in breeding populations. SDNs have revolutionized genetic engineering, enabling precise gene editing in recent decades. One widely used method, homology-directed repair (HDR), has been effective for accurate base substitution and gene alterations in some plant species. However, its application has been limited due to the inefficiency of HDR in plant cells and the prevalence of the error-prone repair pathway known as non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). The discovery of CRISPR-Cas has been a game-changer in this field. This system induces mutations by creating double-strand breaks (DSBs) in the genome and repairing them through associated repair pathways like NHEJ. As a result, the CRISPR-Cas system has been extensively used to transform plants for gene function analysis and to enhance desirable traits. Researchers have made significant progress in genetic engineering in recent years, particularly in understanding the CRISPR-Cas mechanism. This has led to various CRISPR-Cas variants, including CRISPR-Cas13, CRISPR interference, CRISPR activation, base editors, primes editors, and CRASPASE, a new CRISPR-Cas system for genetic engineering that cleaves proteins. Moreover, gene editing technologies like the prime editor and base editor approaches offer excellent opportunities for plant genome engineering. These cutting-edge tools have opened up new avenues for rapidly manipulating plant genomes. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of plant genetic engineering, focusing on recently developed tools for gene alteration and their potential applications in plant research.
Post-traumatic stress disorder following childbirth: a neglected cause
Authors: Ahsan Areeba , Nadeem Abdullah , Habib Ashna , Basaria Areeba Aamir Ali , Tariq Rabeea , Raufi Nahid
Published: December 2023

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following childbirth is a significant mental health risk for women globally. However, it remains a neglected cause, particularly in low-income countries like Pakistan. This paper explores the unique challenges faced by women in such settings, including limited access to healthcare and social support, cultural norms, and stigma surrounding mental health. The diagnosis and causes of postpartum PTSD are discussed, along with its effects on both mothers and their infants. The lack of awareness and training among healthcare professionals in recognizing and treating postpartum PTSD is highlighted as a major barrier to adequate care. To address these challenges, the paper proposes a comprehensive approach, including raising public awareness, providing mental health support and resources, and integrating postpartum mental health into medical education. Trauma-focused therapies are recommended for effective treatment. The paper concludes with the need for more research in low-income countries and emphasizes the importance of understanding and supporting women with postpartum PTSD to improve their well-being and maternal and child health.
Activation of immune defences against parasitoid wasps does not underlie the cost of infection
Authors: Leitão Alexandre B. , Geldman Emma M. , Jiggins Francis M.
Published: December 2023

Parasites reduce the fitness of their hosts, and different causes of this damage have fundamentally different consequences for the evolution of immune defences. Damage to the host may result from the parasite directly harming its host, often due to the production of virulence factors that manipulate host physiology. Alternatively, the host may be harmed by the activation of its own immune defences, as these can be energetically demanding or cause self-harm. A well-studied model of the cost of infection is Drosophila melanogaster and its common natural enemy, parasitoid wasps. Infected Drosophila larvae rely on humoral and cellular immune mechanisms to form a capsule around the parasitoid egg and kill it. Infection results in a developmental delay and reduced adult body size. To disentangle the effects of virulence factors and immune defences on these costs, we artificially activated anti-parasitoid immune defences in the absence of virulence factors. Despite immune activation triggering extensive differentiation and proliferation of immune cells together with hyperglycaemia, it did not result in a developmental delay or reduced body size. We conclude that the costs of infection do not result from these aspects of the immune response and may instead result from the parasite directly damaging the host.