bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical practice guidelines for breast cancer rehabilitation
Authors: Harris Susan R. , Schmitz Kathryn H. , Campbell Kristin L. , McNeely Margaret L.
Published: April 2012

BACKGROUND:

Despite strides in early detection and management of breast cancer, the primary treatments for this disease continue to result in physical impairments for some of the nearly 3 million people diagnosed annually. Over the past decade, evidence‐based clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) have been developed with goals of preventing and ameliorating these impairments. However, translation of these guidelines into clinical practice needs to be accelerated.

METHODS:

Relevant health science databases (2001‐2011) were searched to identify CPGs on breast cancer rehabilitation for the following impairments: upper extremity restrictions, lymphedema, pain, fatigue, chemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy, treatment‐related cardiotoxicity, bone health, and weight management.

RESULTS:

Recommendations from 19 relevant CPGs were first summarized by impairment within tables; commonalities across guidelines, within each impairment, were then synthesized within the article. The CPGs were rated using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II (AGREE II); wide variability was noted in rigor of development, clarity of presentation, and stakeholder involvement. The most rigorous and comprehensive of those rated was the adult cancer pain guideline from the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network.

CONCLUSIONS:

Based on a large body of evidence published in recent years, including randomized trials and systematic reviews, there is an urgent need for updating the guidelines on upper extremity musculoskeletal impairments and lymphedema. Furthermore, additional research is needed to provide an evidence base for developing rehabilitation guidelines on management of other impairments identified in the prospective surveillance model, eg, arthralgia. Cancer 2012;118(8 suppl):. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
A prospective model of care for breast cancer rehabilitation: Function
Authors: Campbell Kristin L. , Pusic Andrea L. , Zucker David S. , McNeely Margaret L. , Binkley Jill M. , Cheville Andrea L. , Harwood Kenneth J.
Published: April 2012

A significant proportion of adult breast cancer survivors experience deficits in function and restriction in participation in life roles that may remain many years after diagnosis. Function is a complex construct that takes into account the interactions between an individual, their health condition, and the social and personal context in which they live. Research to date on limitations in activities of daily living, upper extremity function, and functional capacity in breast cancer survivors illustrates the need for prospective measurement of function using measures that are sensitive to the unique issues of breast cancer survivors and the need for the development of effective rehabilitation interventions to improve function. Limitations in function have a significant impact on quality of life, but less is known about the implications on return to work and survival, as well as the impact of other comorbidities and aging on the function limitations in breast cancer survivors. This review provides a rationale for the integration of measures of function into breast cancer care to more fully appreciate the functional limitations associated with breast cancer diagnosis and treatment and to aid in the development of better rehabilitation care for breast cancer survivors. Cancer 2012;. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
A prospective model of care for breast cancer rehabilitation: Bone health and arthralgias
Authors: Winters‐Stone Kerri M. , Schwartz Anna L. , Hayes Sandra C. , Fabian Carol J. , Campbell Kristin L.
Published: April 2012

Musculoskeletal health can be compromised by breast cancer treatment. In particular, bone loss and arthralgias are prevalent side effects experienced by women treated with chemotherapy and/or adjuvant endocrine therapy. Bone loss leads to osteoporosis and related fractures, while arthralgias threaten quality of life and compliance to treatment. Because the processes that lead to these musculoskeletal problems are initiated when treatment begins, early identification of women who may be at higher risk of developing problems, routine monitoring of bone density and pain at certain stages of treatment, and prudent application of therapeutic interventions are key to preventing and/or minimizing musculoskeletal sequelae. Exercise may be a particularly suitable intervention strategy because of its potential to address a number of impairments; it may slow bone loss, appears to reduce joint pain in noncancer conditions, and improves other breast cancer outcomes. Research efforts continue in the areas of etiology, measurement, and treatment of bone loss and arthralgias. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the current knowledge on the management and treatment of bone loss and arthralgias in breast cancer survivors and to present a framework for rehabilitation care to preserve musculoskeletal health in women treated for breast cancer. Cancer 2012;. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Weight management and its role in breast cancer rehabilitation
Authors: Demark‐Wahnefried Wendy , Campbell Kristin L. , Hayes Sandra C.
Published: April 2012

Overweight and obesity are risk factors for postmenopausal breast cancer, and many women diagnosed with breast cancer, irrespective of menopausal status, gain weight after diagnosis. Weight management plays an important role in rehabilitation and recovery because obesity and/or weight gain may lead to poorer breast cancer prognosis, as well as prevalent comorbid conditions (eg, cardiovascular disease and diabetes), poorer surgical outcomes (eg, increased operating and recovery times, higher infection rates, and poorer healing), lymphedema, fatigue, functional decline, and poorer health and overall quality of life. Health care professionals should encourage weight management at all phases of the cancer care continuum as a means to potentially avoid adverse sequelae and late effects, as well as to improve overall health and possibly survival. Comprehensive approaches that involve dietary and behavior modification, and increased aerobic and strength training exercise have shown promise in either preventing weight gain or promoting weight loss, reducing biomarkers associated with inflammation and comorbidity, and improving lifestyle behaviors, functional status, and quality of life in this high‐risk patient population. Cancer 2012;. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Upper‐body morbidity after breast cancer
Authors: Hayes Sandra C. , Johansson Karin , Stout Nicole L. , Prosnitz Robert , Armer Jane M. , Gabram Sheryl , Schmitz Kathryn H.
Published: April 2012

The purpose of this paper is to review the incidence of upper‐body morbidity (arm and breast symptoms, impairments, and lymphedema), methods for diagnosis, and prevention and treatment strategies. It was also the purpose to highlight the evidence base for integration of prospective surveillance for upper‐body morbidity within standard clinical care of women with breast cancer. Between 10% and 64% of women report upper‐body symptoms between 6 months and 3 years after breast cancer, and approximately 20% develop lymphedema. Symptoms remain common into longer‐term survivorship, and although lymphedema may be transient for some, those who present with mild lymphedema are at increased risk of developing moderate to severe lymphedema. The etiology of morbidity seems to be multifactorial, with the most consistent risk factors being those associated with extent of treatment. However, known risk factors cannot reliably distinguish between those who will and will not develop upper‐body morbidity. Upper‐body morbidity may be treatable with physical therapy. There is also evidence in support of integrating regular surveillance for upper‐body morbidity into the routine care provided to women with breast cancer, with early diagnosis potentially contributing to more effective management and prevention of progression of these conditions. Cancer 2012;118(8 suppl). © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Patient perspectives on breast cancer treatment side effects and the prospective surveillance model for physical rehabilitation for women with breast cancer
Authors: Binkley Jill M. , Harris Susan R. , Levangie Pamela K. , Pearl Marcia , Guglielmino Janine , Kraus Valerie , Rowden Diana
Published: April 2012

Women's experience of breast cancer is complex, affecting all aspects of life during and after treatment. Patients' perspectives about common impairments and functional limitations secondary to breast cancer treatment, including upper extremity motion restriction, lymphedema, fatigue, weight gain, pain, and chemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy, are addressed. Women often report being uninformed regarding these side effects and surprised that they do not always disappear after treatment, but remain part of their lives. Breast cancer patients express strong, unmet needs for education, information, and intervention for these side effects. Evidence suggests that rehabilitation and exercise are effective in preventing and managing many physical side effects of breast cancer treatment. Nevertheless, few women are referred to rehabilitation during or after treatment, and fewer receive baseline assessments of impairment and function to facilitate early detection of impairment and functional limitations. The prospective surveillance model of rehabilitation will serve the needs of women with breast cancer by providing education and information about treatment side effects, reducing the incidence and burden of side effects through early identification and treatment, and enhancing access to timely rehabilitation. Integration of exercise as a component of the model benefits patients at every phase of survivorship, by addressing individual concerns about exercise during and after treatment and highlighting the important contribution of exercise to overall health and survival. The prospective surveillance model of rehabilitation can meet the evident and often expressed needs of survivors for information, guidance, and intervention—thus addressing, and potentially improving, overall quality of life for individuals diagnosed with and treated for breast cancer. Cancer 2012;. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Prospective evaluation of physical rehabilitation needs in breast cancer survivors
Authors: Schmitz Kathryn H. , Stout Nicole L. , Andrews Kimberly , Binkley Jill M. , Smith Robert A.
Published: April 2012

The authors report on a February 2011 roundtable meeting and introduce a series of articles addressing a prospective evaluation approach for the physical rehabilitation of breast cancer survivors. They issue a call to action to include rehabilitation assessment, rehabilitation interventions, and exercise in survivorship care.
ODR: The next green giant
Authors: Ebner Noam , Getz Colleen
Published: April 2012

The worlds of government and business, as well as individual preferences, are moving towards incorporating environmentally friendly practices. Dispute resolution, as with every other human endeavor, has environmental impact. Some practice modes leave a large environmental footprint while others incur less environmental cost. Online dispute resolution (ODR) enjoys clear environmental advantages over any other form of dispute resolution, yet this has not been discussed in the literature or spotlighted in the commercial practices of the field. This article describes the various environmental advantages ODR offers and suggests a framework for taking these into account in dispute resolution ventures and projects.
Storytelling and its transformative impact in the Philippines
Authors: Fuertes Al
Published: April 2012

Storytelling is an effective tool in transforming the negative energy of trauma into something constructive, especially in settings where oral tradition remains strong. The entire process of storytelling, as this article suggests, can bring the whole community to a consciousness of history with a strong appreciation of their individual and societal resilience. The experience of telling stories enables a community to plan and implement the course of action that people want to undertake, and further affirms their being active participants in social healing and community building.
Response-guided telaprevir therapy in prior relapsers? The role of bridging data from treatment-naïve and experienced subjects
Authors: Liu Jiang , Jadhav Pravin R. , Amur Shashi , Fleischer Russell , Hammerstrom Thomas , Lewis Linda , Naeger Lisa , O'Rear Jule , Pacanowski Michael , Robertson Sarah , Seo Shirley , Soon Greg , Birnkrant Debra
Published: April 2012

The purpose of this report is to illustrate the US Food and Drug Administration's rationale for approving response-guided therapy (RGT) for telaprevir (TVR) in combination with pegylated interferon-α and ribavirin (P/R) for the treatment of adults with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C who were prior relapsers. RGT was prospectively evaluated in two registration trials of treatment-naïve subjects. In these studies, RGT allowed subjects who achieved undetectable hepatitis C virus RNA from weeks 4 and 12, known as extended rapid virologic response (eRVR), to stop all treatments at 24 weeks. A patient without eRVR received an additional 36 weeks of P/R after 12 weeks of a TVR triple regimen (total of 48 weeks). However, RGT in prior P/R relapsers was not prospectively evaluated. Empirical cross-trial data indicated high sustained virologic response rates (>90%) in prior relapsers achieving eRVR, irrespective of P/R duration (24 or 48 weeks). Further analyses demonstrated that interferon responsiveness does not change in P/R-experienced subjects with a second round of P/R. The comparability in interferon responsiveness across treatment courses allowed us to bridge data between treatment-naïve and P/R-experienced subjects to support the approval of RGT in prior relapse subjects. (Hepatology 2013)
Neonatal activation of the nuclear receptor CAR results in epigenetic memory and permanent change of drug metabolism in mouse liver
Authors: Chen Wei-Dong , Fu Xianghui , Dong Bingning , Wang Yan-Dong , Shiah Steven , Moore David D. , Huang Wendong
Published: April 2012

Aberrant epigenetic alterations during development may result in long-term epigenetic memory and have a permanent effect on the health of subjects. Constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) is a central regulator of drug/xenobiotic metabolism. Here, we report that transient neonatal activation of CAR results in epigenetic memory and a permanent change of liver drug metabolism. CAR activation by neonatal exposure to the CAR-specific ligand 1,4-bis[2-(3,5-dichloropyridyloxy)] benzene (TCPOBOP) led to persistently induced expression of the CAR target genes Cyp2B10 and Cyp2C37 throughout the life of exposed mice. These mice showed a permanent reduction in sensitivity to zoxazolamine treatment as adults. Compared with control groups, the induction of Cyp2B10 and Cyp2C37 in hepatocytes isolated from these mice was more sensitive to low concentrations of the CAR agonist TCPOBOP. Accordingly, neonatal activation of CAR led to a permanent increase of histone 3 lysine 4 mono-, di-, and trimethylation and decrease of H3K9 trimethylation within the Cyp2B10 locus. Transcriptional coactivator activating signal cointegrator-2 and histone demethylase JMJD2d participated in this CAR-dependent epigenetic switch.

Conclusion:

Neonatal activation of CAR results in epigenetic memory and a permanent change of liver drug metabolism. (Hepatology 2012)
Revision of sediment quality triad indicators in Puget Sound (Washington, USA): I. a Sediment Chemistry Index and targets for mixtures of toxicants
Authors: Long Edward R , Dutch Margaret , Partridge Valerie , Weakland Sandra , Welch Kathy
Published: April 2012

The Washington State Department of Ecology annually conducts sediment quality monitoring in Puget Sound as a component of the Puget Sound Ecosystem Monitoring Program. Sediment samples are analyzed to determine the concentrations of about 170 chemical and physical variables. A Sediment Chemistry Index (SCI) was derived using the State of Washington Sediment Management Standards to account for the presence and concentrations of mixtures of toxicants. Mean Sediment Quality Standard quotients (mSQSq) were calculated as the basis for the SCI and compared to the incidence and degree of toxicity in laboratory tests and to metrics of the diversity and abundance of resident benthic assemblages in a database consisting of as many as 664 samples. These data were evaluated with co-occurrence analyses to identify “cut points” (i.e., thresholds) in the index below which the frequency and magnitude of biological effects were relatively low and above which they occurred with increasing frequency or magnitude. Iterative trials of different sets of cut points established the final cut points in mSQSq of 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5. They defined 4 ranges in chemical exposure: Minimum (<0.1), Low (0.1– < 0.3), Moderate (0.3– < 0.5), and Maximum (≥0.5). Across these 4 exposure ranges both the incidence and magnitude of toxicity in some laboratory tests increased, the abundance of most stress-sensitive benthic taxa decreased, and the abundance of most stress-tolerant taxa increased. The mSQSq cut point of 0.1 appears to be the target value for protection of benthic resources, the value below which the probability and magnitude of adverse effects either in the laboratory or the field are the lowest. The mSQSq values are rescaled from 0 to 100 to form the SCI, used by the Puget Sound Partnership and environmental managers as a Dashboard Indicator, with biologically relevant targets selected to monitor ecosystem recovery. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2013; 9: 31–49. © 2012 SETAC
Clinical challenge of hyponatremia in heart failure
Authors: Hauptman Paul J.
Published: April 2012

Hyponatremia is a significant and independent predictor of outcomes including rehospitalization and mortality in patients with both acute decompensated heart failure (HF) and chronic HF. Even modest degrees of hyponatremia are associated with a poorer prognosis. Treatment options include fluid restriction and the vaptan class (“aquaretics”) in select patients. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2012; 7:S6–S10. © 2012 Society of Hospital Medicine
Hyponatremia in pneumonia
Authors: Edmonds Zachary V.
Published: April 2012

Hyponatremia is relatively common in patients admitted with pneumonia, and it is associated with higher disease severity. The precise mechanism is incompletely understood, but the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion is felt to play a significant role. Traditional options to manage hyponatremia in such patients are fraught with challenges. The recently approved vasopressin receptor antagonists offer a new option for the management of this challenging condition. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2012; 7:S11–S13. © 2012 Society of Hospital Medicine
Chemical shift‐induced phase errors in phase‐contrast MRI
Authors: Middione Matthew J. , Ennis Daniel B.
Published: April 2012

Phase‐contrast magnetic resonance imaging is subject to numerous sources of error, which decrease clinical confidence in the reported measures. This work outlines how stationary perivascular fat can impart a significant chemical shift induced phase‐contrast magnetic resonance imaging measurement error using computational simulations, in vitro, and in vivo experiments. This chemical shift error does not subtract in phase difference processing, but can be minimized with proper parameter selection. The chemical shift induced phase errors largely depend on both the receiver bandwidth and the TE. Both theory and an in vivo comparison of the maximum difference in net forward flow between vessels with and without perivascular fat indicated that the effects of chemically shifted perivascular fat are minimized by the use of high bandwidth (814 Hz/px) and an in‐phase TE (high BW‐TEIN). In healthy volunteers (N = 10) high BW‐TEIN significantly improves intrapatient net forward flow agreement compared with low bandwidth (401 Hz/px) and a mid‐phase TE as indicated by significantly decreased measurement biases and limits of agreement for the ascending aorta (1.8 ± 0.5 mL vs. 6.4 ± 2.8 mL, P = 0.01), main pulmonary artery (2.0 ± 0.9 mL vs. 11.9 ± 5.8 mL, P = 0.04), the left pulmonary artery (1.3 ± 0.9 mL vs. 5.4 ± 2.5 mL, P = 0.003), and all vessels (1.7 ± 0.8 mL vs. 7.2 ± 4.4 mL, P = 0.001). Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Urodynamic quantification of decrease in sphincter function after radical prostatectomy: Relation to postoperative continence status and the effect of intensive pelvic floor muscle exercises
Authors: Dubbelman Yvette D. , Groen Jan , Wildhagen Mark F. , Rikken Berend , Bosch J.L.H. Ruud
Published: April 2012

Aims

We analyzed the impact of radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP) on the urethral sphincter function as assessed by urethral pressure profilometry (UPP) and its relation to post‐radical prostatectomy continence status. Furthermore, we analyzed the effect of intensive pelvic floor muscle exercises (PFME) on the urethral sphincter function.

Methods

Sixty‐six patients were included in the study. UPP was performed before RRP and 26 weeks after catheter removal. All patients were instructed in PFME, however, the intensity of PFME varied between instructions based on an information folder only (F‐PFME) and intensive guidance by a physiotherapist, in addition to the folder (PG‐PFME).

Results

In 66 patients, pre‐ as well as postoperative UPP was evaluable. After surgery, the functional profile length and the maximum urethral closure pressure (MUCP) showed a median decrease of 64% and 41%, respectively. For men who had regained continence after 6 months the median MUCP was significantly higher both before and after operation as compared to men who were still incontinent. In multivariate analysis, non‐nerve sparing approach was a prognostic factors for a higher relative decrease of the MUCP after RRP. Comparing the PG‐PFME group with the F‐PFME group there were no significant differences in changes in UPP parameters.

Conclusions

A poor preoperative MUCP seems to be an important prognostic factor for persistent incontinence after RRP. Non‐nerve sparing approach seems to be an important prognostic factor for impairment of the urethral sphincter function as measured by UPP. More intensive physiotherapy seems to have no additional effect on the postoperative urethral sphincter function as measured by UPP. Neurourol. Urodynam. 31:646–651, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Bladder dysfunction in advanced Parkinson's disease
Authors: Winge Kristian , Nielsen Kurt K.
Published: April 2012

Background

Parkinson's disease (PD) patients often have lower urinary tract symptoms. Seventy‐four percent of patients with early‐to‐moderate disease report more than one bladder disturbance symptom. Severe bladder symptoms are reported in 27–39% of PD patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the severity of bladder dysfunction in patients with advanced PD.

Methods

Patients were enrolled from a cohort with advanced PD. We compared patients receiving oral medications only, with patients treated using either deep‐brain stimulation (DBS) in the subthalamic nucleus, or with an apomorphine pump. One hundred seven patients were evaluated using two sets of validated questionnaires [Danish Prostate Symptom Score (DanPSS) and the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS)] about bladder symptoms. Postmicturitional residual urine was recorded.

Results

There were no statistically significant differences between the treatment groups on the total DanPSS or IPSS scores. Bladder symptom severity correlated to the stage of disease (conventional treatment: r = 0.364, P = 0.004, apomorphine: r = 0.73, P = 0.02), except for patients treated with DBS, whereby symptom severity correlated to DBS duration (r = 0.34, P = 0.038). Patients treated with DBS had significant less nocturia compared to the other groups (P = 0.007).

Conclusion

Lower urinary tract symptoms are highly prevalent in patients with advanced PD. More than 50% of patients have severe bladder symptoms, most frequently symptoms of overactive bladder. Patients treated with DBS in the STN had the same amount of LUTS symptoms as patients treated with either conventional oral medication therapy or an apomorphine pump, but exhibited significantly less nocturia. Neurourol. Urodynam. 31:1279–1283, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Factors Causing Design Schedule Delays in Turnkey Projects in Taiwan: An Empirical Study of Power Distribution Substation Projects
Authors: Yau Nie-Jia , Yang Jyh-Bin
Published: April 2012

Because of its benefits, the turnkey project delivery method has received much global attention; however, turnkey contractors often have difficulty completing projects within the contract schedule. Through case studies, expert interviews, questionnaire surveys, and statistical data analysis, this study revealed that, of 27 delay factors that affect design schedules in power distribution substation projects, the most common delay factors are “public contending or political involvement” and “tedious review processes of government agencies.” Furthermore, the study proposes assorted strategies from the perspectives of the owner, turnkey contractor, and designer that can be used to help prevent delays in similar turnkey projects.
A protein‐RNA docking benchmark (II): Extended set from experimental and homology modeling data
Authors: Pérez‐Cano Laura , Jiménez‐García Brian , Fernández‐Recio Juan
Published: April 2012

We present here an extended protein–RNA docking benchmark composed of 71 test cases in which the coordinates of the interacting protein and RNA molecules are available from experimental structures, plus an additional set of 35 cases in which at least one of the interacting subunits is modeled by homology. All cases in the experimental set have available unbound protein structure, and include five cases with available unbound RNA structure, four cases with a pseudo‐unbound RNA structure, and 62 cases with the bound RNA form. The additional set of modeling cases comprises five unbound‐model, eight model‐unbound, 19 model‐bound, and three model‐model protein–RNA cases. The benchmark covers all major functional categories and contains cases with different degrees of difficulty for docking, as far as protein and RNA flexibility is concerned. The main objective of this benchmark is to foster the development of protein–RNA docking algorithms and to contribute to the better understanding and prediction of protein–RNA interactions. The benchmark is freely available at http://life.bsc.es/pid/protein–rna‐benchmark. Proteins 2012; © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Multi‐LZerD: Multiple protein docking for asymmetric complexes
Authors: Esquivel‐Rodríguez Juan , Yang Yifeng David , Kihara Daisuke
Published: April 2012

The tertiary structures of protein complexes provide a crucial insight about the molecular mechanisms that regulate their functions and assembly. However, solving protein complex structures by experimental methods is often more difficult than single protein structures. Here, we have developed a novel computational multiple protein docking algorithm, Multi‐LZerD, that builds models of multimeric complexes by effectively reusing pairwise docking predictions of component proteins. A genetic algorithm is applied to explore the conformational space followed by a structure refinement procedure. Benchmark on eleven hetero‐multimeric complexes resulted in near‐native conformations for all but one of them (a root mean square deviation smaller than 2.5Å). We also show that our method copes with unbound docking cases well, outperforming the methodology that can be directly compared with our approach. Multi‐LZerD was able to predict near‐native structures for multimeric complexes of various topologies.Proteins 2012; © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Evaluation of Lymph Nodes in Patients with Colon Cancer Undergoing Colon Resection: A Population‐based Study
Authors: Chang Yun‐Jau , Chang Yao‐Jen , Chen Li‐Ju , Chung Kuo‐Piao , Lai Mei‐Shu
Published: April 2012

Background

Though lymph node status may predict long‐term outcome of patients with non‐metastatic colon cancer, discordant findings exist among various expressions of lymph node status. The present study was designed to assess the prognostic value among these lymph node evaluations.

Methods

The analysis was based on surgical patients with newly diagnosed colon adenocarcinoma registered in the Taiwan Cancer Database from 2003 to 2005. Exclusion criteria included those patients who had stage IV disease, those whose survival period was <1 month, or those whose lymph node information was unavailable. Studied variables included total number of lymph nodes (LNT), number of positive lymph nodes (LNP), number of negative lymph nodes (LNN), ratio of positive lymph nodes (LNR), and log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS).

Results

Of 16,790 newly diagnosed colon cancer patients, there were 9,644 (65.4 ± 13.5 years; male 54.9 %) patients with non‐metastatic disease who met the criteria. Correlation analyses for patients with stage III disease showed that LNR and LODDS were highly correlated, as were LNT and LNN. By the Cox proportional hazard model, LNT was prognostic of long‐term survival in patients with stage II disease, while LNR and LNP were the most powerful prognosticators for patients with stage III disease (p < 0.001). Both the receiver operating characteristics curve analysis and area under the curve indicated that LNR had the best discriminating capability to predict 5‐year survival (0.704, 0.700, and 0.709 for overall, disease‐free, and disease‐specific survival, respectively), followed by LODDS.

Conclusions

For patients undergoing resection for colon cancer, LNR, LODDS, and LNP are better prognostic factors for those with stage III disease than LNT is for patients with stage III disease.
Sense of Community and Informal Social Control Among Lower Income Households: The Role of Homeownership and Collective Efficacy in Reducing Subjective Neighborhood Crime and Disorder
Authors: Lindblad Mark R. , Manturuk Kim R. , Quercia Roberto G.
Published: April 2012

We examine the link between homeownership, collective efficacy, and subjective neighborhood crime and disorder. Although prior research suggests that homeownership provides social benefits, the housing downturn and foreclosure crisis, coupled with mounting evidence that people self‐select into housing, raise questions about the role of homeownership. We adjust for respondents’ decision to own or rent using a nationwide sample of lower‐income households. We account for demographic and neighborhood characteristics as well as ratings of individual efficacy. We present a structural equation model that identifies how sense of community and informal social control jointly contribute to collective efficacy. The latent collective efficacy construct mediates the impact of homeownership on resident's perceptions of neighborhood disorder. Such perceptions matter because they have been linked to resident's physical and mental health. Our findings demonstrate that when coupled with sustainable mortgages, homeownership exerts a robust yet indirect effect in reducing subjective neighborhood crime and disorder. Our model also links collective efficacy to neighborhood racial homogeneity, a finding which presents challenges for the study of diversity and community. We discuss sense of community research as well as sustainable mortgages and implications of the foreclosure crisis for the future of homeownership opportunities among lower income households and neighborhoods.
Kinetics of proton release and uptake by channelrhodopsin‐2
Authors: Nack Melanie , Radu Ionela , Schultz Bernd-Joachim , Resler Tom , Schlesinger Ramona , Bondar Ana-Nicoleta , del Val Coral , Abbruzzetti Stefania , Viappiani Cristiano , Bamann Christian , Bamberg Ernst , Heberle Joachim
Published: April 2012

Electrophysiological experiments showed that the light‐activated cation channel channelrhodopsin‐2 (ChR2) pumps protons in the absence of a membrane potential. We determined here the kinetics of transient pH change using a water‐soluble pH‐indicator. It is shown that ChR2 released protons prior to uptake with a stoichiometry of 0.3 protons per ChR2. Comparison to the photocycle kinetics revealed that proton release and uptake match rise and decay of the intermediate. As the state also represents the conductive state of cation channeling, the concurrence of proton pumping and channel gating implies an intimate mechanistic link of the two functional modes. Studies on the E123T and S245E mutants show that these residues are not critically involved in proton translocation.
L'activation améliorée et les soins de rétablissement
Authors: Crawford Heather , Anderson Sherry , TeKamp Robin , Chatzikiriakos Vaughnette , Osborne Deanne
Published: April 2012

Tandis que la population canadienne vieillit, il devient de plus en plus important que les hôpitaux évaluent et mettent en œuvre des programmes et politiques visant à garantir que les patients âgés reçoivent les bons soins, au bon endroit et au bon moment. Même si la majorité des patients âgés sont en meilleure santé que jamais, il est important de dépister le déconditionnement rapide dont ils sont victimes lorsqu'ils sont admis dans un hôpital de soins de courte durée. Bien qu'on sache que les enfants ont besoin d'être soignés différemment, on omet d'admettre que le même constat s'applique aux personnes âgées. Le concept du programme d'activation améliorée a vu le jour dans le cadre de consultations avec des partenaires communautaires sur la stratégie du vieillissement à domicile. C'est alors qu'on a déterminé les écueils des services aux personnes âgées fragiles et élaboré le programme d'activation améliorée.
The influence of relational experience and contractual governance on the negotiation strategy in buyer–supplier disputes
Authors: Lumineau Fabrice , Henderson James E.
Published: April 2012

This paper theoretically refines and empirically extends the debate on the type of interplay between relational experience and contractual governance in an under‐researched area: supply chain disputes. We define relational experience as either cooperative or competitive; distinguish between control and coordination functions of contractual governance; and assess their interplay on the negotiation strategy used in disputes. Using a unique data set of buyer–supplier disputes, we find, in particular that increasing contractual control governance weakens the positive effect of cooperative relational experience on cooperative negotiation strategy. However, increasing contractual control governance for a buyer–supplier dyad with competitive relational experience will increase cooperative negotiation strategy. Contractual coordination governance reinforces the positive effect of cooperative relational experience. Through this study, we reach a better understanding ofhowandwhencontractual and relational governance dimensions interact; rather thanwhetherthey act as substitutes or complements as has been studied in prior research. We discuss the implications of these findings for the field of supply chain management.
Functional characterization of mammalian Wntless homolog in mammalian system
Authors: Wang Li‐Ting , Wang Shih‐Jong , Hsu Shih‐Hsien
Published: April 2012

Wntless (GPR177) protein is a newly identified regulator of Wnt signals in Drosophila, but its cellular function in mammals is still unclear. In this study, we explored the expression pattern and potential cellular function of Wntless in mammalian cells. Wntless mRNA was expressed in many mouse tissues, including the spleen, lung, kidney, thymus, and stomach, and lower levels of expression were detected in the mouse brain and testis. Expression of Wntless protein analyzed by Western blot and immunohistochemical staining was only detected in the submucosa, muscle, ganglia, and nerve cells of murine large intestines. Both immunofluorescence staining and subcellular fraction extraction analysis revealed that endogenous Wntless protein was expressed predominantly in the cytoplasmic organelles with a morphologically dot‐shaped distribution. Furthermore, overexpression of Wntless could be corrected by and may activate the nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) signaling pathway in cancer (HeLa) cells. These results suggest that Wntless plays a role in signaling regulation during the formation of cancer in addition to its role as a retromer protein in mammalian systems.
Soft catheters reduce the risk of intravascular cannulation during epidural block—A retrospective analysis of 1117 cases in a medical center
Authors: Shih Chih‐Kai , Wang Fu‐Yuan , Shieh Chia‐Fang , Huang Jui‐Mei , Lu I‐Cheng , Wu Li‐Chen , Lu David Vi
Published: April 2012

A wet or bloody tap is an inevitable complication while performing epidural block. The influence of different catheters on the incidence of intravascular cannulation during epidural catheterization has not been reported. We observed an initial, relatively different incidence of intravascular cannulation during the placement of different sorts of epidural catheter; hence, a retrospective review was conducted to explore the possible association. We reviewed 1‐year interval anesthetic records of 1117 patients who had undergone epidural anesthesia or received patient‐controlled epidural analgesia. Epidural catheter placement was performed by a loss of resistance technique with an 18‐G Tuohy needle in lateral position. Patients were divided into two groups according to the different types of epidural catheters used (Perifix One, n = 590; Perifix Standard, n = 527). Primary outcome measurement was the incidence of intravascular injection. Other analyzed outcomes included dura puncture, failure rate, and low back pain. The incidence of epiduralintravascular cannulation was significantly lower using the Perifix One catheter (1.5%; 9/590) than using the Perifix Standard (4.6%; 24/527), p = 0.003. The dura puncture rate did not differ significantly between the Perifix One (1.9%; 11/590) and the Perifix Standard (2.5%; 13/527), p = 0.49. Failure rates and low back pain incidence were also comparable between the two groups. Application of the soft epidural catheter (Perifix One) may reduce the incidence of epidural intravascular cannulation. We suggest the use of Perifix One catheter instead of Perifix Standard catheter in daily practice.
Feasibility of First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Injections for Sesamoid Disorders: A Cadaveric Investigation
Authors: Wempe Michael K. , Sellon Jacob L. , Sayeed Yusef A. , Smith Jay
Published: April 2012

Objective

To determine whether accurately placed first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) injections consistently deliver injectate to the metatarsosesamoid articulations.

Design

Prospective anatomic cadaver study.

Setting

Procedural skills laboratory at a tertiary care academic institution.

Participants

Five unembalmed cadaveric lower limb specimens, free from trauma, surgery, or major deformity of the medial forefoot.

Methods

Ultrasound guidance was used to accurately inject the first MTPJs of each cadaveric specimen with diluted, blue‐colored latex. At a minimum of 24 hours after injection, each specimen was dissected to determine whether the latex was present between the metatarsal head and sesamoid bones (metatarsosesamoid articulations).

Main Outcome Measures

The presence or absence of latex within the first MTPJ and both the tibial and fibular metatarsosesamoid articulations.

Results

In all 5 cadaveric specimens, ultrasound‐guided first MTPJ injection accurately delivered latex into the first MTPJ. In addition, in each specimen, latex was seen between the metatarsal head and both the fibular and tibial sesamoid bones.

Conclusions

Accurate first MTPJ injections reliably deliver latex to the articular surfaces of the metatarsosesamoid articulations. Clinicians administering diagnostic or therapeutic injections for patients with sesamoid disorders should consider injecting the first MTPJ as an alternative to direct metatarsosesamoid articulation injections.
Validating the Polish Adaptation of the 11-Item De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale
Authors: Grygiel Pawel , Humenny Grzegorz , Rebisz Slawomir , Świtaj Piotr , Sikorska Justyna
Published: April 2012

The aim of this study was to translate into Polish and establish the psychometric properties of the 11-item De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale (DJGLS). The translation process followed the recent guidelines for the crosscultural adaptation of questionnaires and was tested through analysis of differential item functioning (DIF) by the use of the Poly-SIBTEST method and bilingual groups. The essential unidimensionality was checked by bifactor analysis. Reliability was assessed by internal consistency and homogeneity analysis, and external construct validity by correlation with several external scales. The research indicated no differences in item performance between the final Polish and English versions, and confirmed the earlier findings indicating that the DJGLS measures two dimensions of loneliness (social and emotional) which generalize into a higher-order factor of a general sense of loneliness (bifactor structure). Reliability (α = .89) and homogeneity (H = .47) proved to be high. Research showed that the instrument has a satisfactory validity criterion: Correlation with the UCLA Loneliness Scale r = .82; with Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale r = –.56; and with the Beck Depression Inventory r = .46 (all p < .01). The Polish adaptation of the DJGLS thus presents a bifactor structure, with good levels of internal consistency, homogeneity, and construct validity.
Adaptation and Initial Validation of the German Version of the Students’ Life Satisfaction Scale (German SLSS)
Authors: Weber Marco , Ruch Willibald , Huebner E. Scott
Published: April 2012

The present research describes the adaptation and initial validation of a brief measure of global life satisfaction, the Students’ Life Satisfactions Scale (SLSS), for German-speaking children and adolescents aged 10–17 years. Study 1 investigated the responses of 286 Swiss students (aged 12–17 years) administering paper-pencil questionnaires (e.g., Junior Eysenck Personality Questionnaire) during class on two occasions (interval 4 months). Study 2 investigated the responses of a heterogeneous sample composed of 3,407 Austrian, German, and Swiss students (aged 10–17 years), administering questionnaires online (e.g., Brief Multidimensional Students’ Life Satisfaction Scale). The German SLSS showed unidimensionality, explaining approximately 60% of variance, an internal consistency coefficient of α = .88, and a stability coefficient of .55 over a 4-month interval. Study 1 found a moderate association between life satisfaction and social desirability (.20), and theoretically meaningful correlations with temperamental variables (–.16 with Psychoticism, .29 with Extraversion, –.48 with Neuroticism). Study 2 found no gender differences, but small age effects. Differences among Austrian, German, and Swiss students were also identified. Study 2 found correlations between German SLSS and domain-specific satisfaction (e.g., satisfaction with the self). The two studies support the usefulness of the German SLSS and provide preliminary norms for comparison purposes for subsequent research.
Applicants’ Self-Presentational Behavior
Authors: Jansen Anne , König Cornelius J. , Stadelmann Eveline H. , Kleinmann Martin
Published: April 2012

This study contributes to the literature on self-presentation by comparing recruiters’ expectations about applicants’ self-presentational behaviors in personnel selection settings to applicants’ actual use of these behaviors. Recruiters (N = 51) rated the perceived appropriateness of 24 self-presentational behaviors. In addition, the prevalence of these behaviors was separately assessed in two subsamples of applicants (N1 = 416 and N2 = 88) with the randomized response technique. In line with the script concept, the results revealed that recruiters similarly evaluated the appropriateness of specific self-presentational behaviors and that applicants’ general use of these behaviors corresponded to recruiters’ shared expectations. The findings indicate that applicants who use strategic self-presentational behaviors may just be trying to fulfill situational requirements.
Job Analysis by Incumbents and Laypersons
Authors: Schumacher Sandra , Kleinmann Martin , König Cornelius J.
Published: April 2012

Although research has tried to lessen the cognitive burden for job analysts by decomposing the decision process, findings have been ambiguous. This ambiguity may stem from overlooking the idea that analyzing jobs involves intuitive processes that decomposing hinders, at least if the job analysts have much job experience (i.e., job incumbents). Furthermore, job incumbents’ intuition might be particularly advantageous if complex items are used. Focusing on the job of paramedics, we found that incumbents’ ratings were more accurate than laypersons’ ratings if the job was presented holistically, whereas laypersons were more accurate when the job was decomposed. Results also showed an analogous Job Experience × Item Complexity interaction. These findings indicate that the role of intuition for analyzing jobs deserves more attention.
Sounding of HF heating‐induced artificial ionospheric disturbances by navigational satellite radio transmissions
Authors: Kunitsyn V. E. , Andreeva E. S. , Frolov V. L. , Komrakov G. P. , Nazarenko M. O. , Padokhin A. M.
Published: April 2012

During experiments carried out in 2009–2011 the midlatitude ionosphere was modified by powerful HF pulses from the Sura heating facility located near Nizhny Novgorod (Russia) and operated by the Radio Physical Research Institute. GPS/GLONASS and Parus/Tsikada satellite radio transmissions responding to the heating‐induced disturbances in electron density were analyzed. The variations in the total electron content (TEC), which are proportional to the reduced phase of navigational signals, were studied for various schemes of radiation of the heating wave. The variations in TEC (their amplitudes and temporal behavior) caused by HF heating are identified in several examples. The TEC spectra contain frequency components corresponding to the modulation periods of the heating wave. For the first time, the spatial structure of the wave disturbances generated in the ionosphere by high‐power radio waves radiated by the Sura heating facility with a square wave modulation of the effective radiated power at a frequency lower than or of the order of the Brunt‐Vaisala frequency of the neutral atmosphere is imaged using the method of low‐orbital radio tomography and GPS/GLONASS data.