bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PERECANAAN DAN PELAKSANAAN ANGGARAN TERHADAP PENYERAPAN ANGGARAN (STUDI KASUS PADA KECAMATAN BACAN, KECAMATAN BACAN SELATAN DAN KECAMATAN BACAN TIMUR)
Authors: Husen M Aprialdy , Bailusy Muhsin N , Hadady Hartaty
Published: July 2022

The main objectives of this study were to determine andanalyze: the influence of planning on budget absorption in Bacan subdistrict,southern Bacan sub-district and eastern Bacan sub-district; andthe influence of the budget on budget absorption in Bacan sub-district,southern Bacan sub-district and eastern Bacan sub-district.Methodology: This study uses multiple linear regression analysis usingSPSS version 23 as a statistical test tool. The data collection tools usedwere questionnaires and interviews, and the number of respondentswas 99 respondents spread over the southern Halmahera district.Finding: In the regression output, the significance number for thePlanning variable is 0.731. This value is greater than the significancelevel of 0.05 so that it states that budget planning has no effect onbudget absorption and it can be concluded that H1 is rejected becauseit is supported by the data and is not in accordance with researchexpectations. At the output of the regression obtained a significantfigure for the budget implementation variable of 0.000. This value issmaller than the significance level of 0.05, indicating that budgetexecution has a positive effect on budget absorption and it can beconcluded that H2 is accepted.Conclusion: (1) Planning has no effect on budget absorption in BacanDistrict, South Bacan District and East Bacan District. It can be seenfrom the significance figure for the budget planning variable that it is0.731 because there are still many village officials who have planned orhave budgeted for a plan but in implementation it is not realized so thatit can weaken the absorption capacity of the budget; and (2) budgetimplementation has an effect on budget absorption in South Halmaherain Bacan District, South Bacan District and East Bacan District. It canbe seen from the significance figure for the budget implementationvariable, which is 0.000. Because if the implementation is good, it canabsorb the budget itself and vice versa.
SGLT2 inhibitors: suggestions from the amphibian world
Authors: Michelassi Stefano
Published: July 2022

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors are a class of antidiabetic drugs that inhibit glucose reabsorption in the proximal renal tubules. In many trials these drugs have shown unpredictable major cardio- and nephroprotective properties. Multiple hypotheses have been raised to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the last effects. Some authors suggest they may be due to the contemporary urinary loss of energy (as glucose) and water (by osmotic diuresis). This particular condition could induce metabolic changes resulting in more efficient energetics at cardiac and renal levels and in less oxidative stress. These changes might really be part of a series of evolutionarily conserved metabolic switches that allow organisms to survive in arid habitats with restricted nutrients and water availability, well studied in amphibians and collectively named “estivation”.
pesca de organismos marinos ornamentales y su impacto en los arrecifes de coral
Authors: Montero Fortunato Enmanuel
Published: July 2022

La pesca con fines ornamentales comienza la Republica Dominicana en la década de los 80. El país se consolida como un exportador mediano de especies marinas destinadas al comercio de acuarios recreativos, exportando hacia 8 países en tres continentes. Se describen los impactos más importantes hacia los arrecifes de coral y se detalla cómo es ejercida esta actividad en el país. Se enumera las especies más importantes y las tasas de exportación entre 2016-2019. Un total de 162 especies repartidas entre invertebrados y peces son exportadas anualmente. De este total, 43 familias de peces son utilizadas, siendo Serranidae la de mayor cantidad de especies capturadas. Los crustáceos constituyen el grupo de invertebrados más demandados, con Pagurites cadenati a la cabeza de las exportaciones. Por último, se recomienda continuar con la Resolución de Ordenamiento para la Pesca de Organismos Marinos de Interés Ornamental para establecer cotas de capturas y preservación de las especies capturadas.
Experiencia del paso de la enseñanza superior presencial hacia la virtual, provocado por la crisis sanitaria del Covid-19, en la Escuela de Artes Plásticas de la Universidad de Costa Rica
Authors: Picado Fernández Vera Yolanda
Published: July 2022

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo principal reflexionar sobre la labor docente durante la crisis sanitaria COVID-19 y su paso a la virtualidad, en los distintos cursos de la Facultad de Artes y del Posgrado en Artes de la Universidad de Costa Rica, mediante el desarrollo de la situación de la enseñanza virtual en la Escuela de Artes Plásticas hasta diciembre del 2019; luego, sobre las disposiciones nacionales y universitarias que acompañaron la llegada de la crisis sanitaria; los desafíos que la enseñanza virtual trajo consigo y las primeras respuestas desde la docencia; los problemas, obstáculos y dificultades originados tanto por la pandemia como de la educación virtual. Por ultimo daremos a conocer las distintas iniciativas institucionales para el apoyo de la virtualización y para sobrellevar algunos de sus inconvenientes, con el fin de reconocer los aspectos positivos y negativos, de nuestra experiencia docente en la enseñanza virtual, durante la pandemia del COVID-19.
FUNDAMENTAL AMENDMENT IN WORKING CONDITIONS AS A LIMIT OF EMPLOYER’S MANAGEMENT RIGHT AND EMPLOYEE’S OBLIGATION TO FOLLOW THE INSTRUCTIONS
Authors: YABA Tuğçe , YUVALI Ertuğrul
Published: July 2022

In the labor contract, the employee’s primary obligation is to perform the work and the employer’s primary obligation is payment wage. However, since it established a permanent debt relationship and this contract has a personal nature, thus there are other mutual rights and obligations in the labor contract besides the primary debts. So, the employer’s management right corresponds to the employee’s obligation to follow the instructions. But these rights and obligations are not surely unlimited when the essential principles of labor law are considered. One of the most important limits is the procedure of fundamental amendment in the working conditions included in the 22nd article of the Labor Law by the legislator.

In the study; the employer’s management right and scope of this right, the employee’s obligation to follow the instructions and scope of this obligation, the concept of fundamental amendments in working conditions, the cases of fundamental amendments in working conditions that are frequently encountered in practice were examined. And the procedure of fundamental amendments in working conditions, the legal validity of the amendment clauses and its relationship with the fundamental amendment in working conditions, finally amendment termination were examined in the light of doctrine and judicial decisions.
Global prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tan Darren Jun Hao , Quek Sabrina Xin Zi , Yong Jie Ning , Suresh Adithya , Koh Kaiser Xuan Ming , Lim Wen Hui , Quek Jingxuan , Tang Ansel , Tan Caitlyn , Nah Benjamin , Tan Eunice , Keitoku Taisei , Muthiah Mark D. , Syn Nicholas , Ng Cheng Han , Kim Beom Kyung , Tamaki Nobuharu , Ho Cyrus Su Hui , Loomba Rohit , Huang Daniel Q.
Published: July 2022

Background/Aims: Depression and anxiety are associated with poorer outcomes in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the prevalence of depression and anxiety in HCC are unclear. We aimed to establish the prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients with HCC.Methods: MEDLINE and Embase were searched and original articles reporting prevalence of anxiety or depression in patients with HCC were included. A generalized linear mixed model with Clopper-Pearson intervals was used to obtain the pooled prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients with HCC. Risk factors were analyzed via a fractional-logistic regression model.Results: Seventeen articles involving 64,247 patients with HCC were included. The pooled prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients with HCC was 24.04% (95% confidence interval [CI], 13.99–38.11%) and 22.20% (95% CI, 10.07–42.09%) respectively. Subgroup analysis determined that the prevalence of depression was lowest in studies where depression was diagnosed via clinician-administered scales (16.07%;95% CI, 4.42–44.20%) and highest in self-reported scales (30.03%; 95% CI, 17.19–47.01%). Depression in patients with HCC was lowest in the Americas (16.44%; 95% CI, 6.37–36.27%) and highest in South-East Asia (66.67%; 95% CI, 56.68–75.35%). Alcohol consumption, cirrhosis, and college education significantly increased risk of depression in patients with HCC.Conclusions: One in four patients with HCC have depression, while one in five have anxiety. Further studies are required to validate these findings, as seen from the wide CIs in certain subgroup analyses. Screening strategies for depression and anxiety should also be developed for patients with HCC.
IMPLEMENTASI ALGORITMA C.45 UNTUK KLASIFIKASI DETEKSI SERANGAN PADA PROTOKOL JARINGAN
Authors: Anggraeni Irma , Andriani Siska
Published: July 2022

Media internet telah menjadi bagian dari kehidupan manusia dalam kebutuhan komunikasi sebagai salah satu faktor kemajuan teknologi. Dengan semakin banyaknya penggunaan jaringan internet, keamanan menjadi aspek yang penting. Keamanan internet dilakukan untuk menghindari serangan terhadap jaringan tersebut. Untuk dapat mengetahui aktivitas penyerangan dalam suatu jaringan, dapat dilihat dari trafik pada jaringan tersebut. Anomali trafik merupakan kondisi tidak stabil yang terjadi pada suatu jaringan. Berdasarkan pendeteksian data trafik, dapat dilakukan analisis untuk mengetahui serangan-serangan yang terjadi pada jaringan. Data trafik jaringan akan diolah dengan klasifikasi dengan menggunakan Algoritma C.45.. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat analisis serangan dengan mengetahui anomali pada jaringan internet di prodi Ilmu Komputer. Dalam penelitian ini akan dilakukan beberapa tahapan yaitu pengumpulan data menggunakan wireshark, tahap preporessing, kemudian dilakukan proses klasifikasi. Setelah mendapatkan hasil klasifikasi, selanjutnya dilakukan analisis. Hasil klasifikasi didapatkan tingkat akurasi yaitu sebesar 93,67 %.
GAME EDUKASI SENYAWA IONIK SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN MENGGUNAKAN FINITE STATE MACHINE
Authors: Latifah Retnani , Azis Ilham , Risanty Rita Dewi
Published: July 2022

Senyawa ionik merupakan salah satu bentuk senyawa kimia yang memiliki muatan dan berjumlah cukup banyak sehingga beberapa orang kesulitan untuk mempelajari. Meskipun beberapa game edukasi kimia sudah dikembangkan, namun yang berfokus pada senyawa ionik cukup jarang ditemukan. Demikian juga dengan game edukasi kimia yang memanfaatkan adanya agen cerdas untuk membuat game menjadi lebih interaktif dan bertipe petualangan. Penelitian ini mengembangkan suatu game edukasi senyawa ionik berbasis android yang memiliki sebuah agen cerdas sebagai non-player character (NPC) yang perilaku otomatisnya dirancang menggunakan metode Finite State Machine (FSM). Dari hasil pengujian diperoleh bahwa agen cerdas sudah berjalan sesuai dengan rancangan FSM dan semua fungsi juga bekerja sesuai harapan dengan kendala minor. Selain itu, responden juga menyebutkan bahwa game ini dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif media pembelajaran dengan reliabilitas kuesioner mencapai 0.854, walaupun tingkat kemudahannya masih perlu ditingkatkan.
Analysis of Satisfaction Level with Hajj Registration Services using Fuzzy Service Quality and Importance Performance Analysis
Authors: Rivaldi Aditya , Herfina Herfina , Mulyati Mulyati
Published: July 2022

Service is an activity that is interactive between communities that aims to provide satisfaction and comfort. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to improve the quality and quality of services as well as in the Hajj registration service. The purpose of this study was to analyze the level of satisfaction with Hajj Registration Services using the Fuzzy Service Quality (Servqual) and Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) methods. The data collection technique in this study used 100 questionnaires. The statement items used refer to the dimensions of service quality, namely reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy and physical evidence and the methods used to analyze are service quality (servqual) and Importance Performance Analysis (IPA). The servqual method will measure the service quality of each dimension so that the gap value is obtained which is the difference between expectations and reality received by the registrant. The servqual method is then integrated with Importance Performance Analysis to classify certain service quality attributes. The results showed that the Hajj registrants were not satisfied with the quality of services provided by the Ministry of Religion in Kabupaten Bogor by showing a negative servqual score. Based on the results of the IPA, there are 9 attributes that are in quadrant B and quadrant C, 3 attributes that are in quadrant D and none of them are in quadrant A. Therefore, improving service quality needs to be carried out by the Ministry of Religion in Kab. Bogor.
Classification of Organizational Data Using the K-Means Algorithm
Authors: Mulyana Yana , Fadlil Abdul , Riadi Imam
Published: July 2022

The University of Muhammadiyah Tasikmalaya (UMTAS) is a private university under the Muhammadiyah association located in Tasikmalaya City, West Java Province. As a form of developing student soft skills, UMTAS carries out many activities, one of which is through student organizations consisting of internal and external organizations. This research was conducted to find out which student organizations are categorized as excellent, good, and not good. The assessment attributes for grouping student organization data are the number of active members, activities in one year, organizational discipline, and achievements. Clustering uses the K-Means algorithm. The results obtained from calculations carried out manually and using the rapidminer application obtained the same results, namely clusters with the "excellent" category totaling 8 data (26.6%), clusters with the "good" category totaling 17 data (56.6%), and clusters with the "not good" category totaling 5 data (16.6%). The results of this study can be used by the head of the bureau of academic administration of student affairs and alumni in providing rewards in the form of priorities in organizational funding, awarding charters and punishments in the form of coaching and revoking student organization decrees.
POINTWISE INNER AUTOMORPHISMS OF RELATIVELY FREE LIE ALGEBRAS
Authors: AYDIN Ela
Published: July 2022

Let $K$ be a field of characteristic zero, and $L_{m,c}$ be the free metabelian nilpotent Lie algebra of class $c$ of rank $m$ over $K$. We call an automorphism $\phi$ pointwise inner, if there exists an inner automorphism $\xi_i$ for each generator $x_i$, $i=1,\ldots,m$, such that $\phi(x_i)=\xi_i(x_i)$. In this study, we exemine the group $PI(L_{m,c})$ of pintwise inner automorphisms of the Lie algebra $L_{m,c}$, and we provide a set of generators for this group.
ON THE ALGEBRA OF CONSTANTS OF FREE METABELIAN LIE ALGEBRAS
Authors: DUSHIMIRIMANA Andre
Published: July 2022

Let $K$ be a field of characteristic zero, $X_n=\{x_1,\dots,x_n\}$ be a set of variables, $K[X_n]$ be the polynomial algebra and $F_n$ be the free metabelian Lie algebra of rank $n$ generated by $X_n$ over the base field $K$. Well known result of Weitzenb\"ock states that $K[X_n]^\delta=\big \{u\in K[X_n] \big\vert\ \delta(u)=0\big \}$ is finitely generated as an algebra, where $\delta$ is a locally nilpotent linear derivation of $K[X_n]$. Extending this ideal to the non commutative algebras, recently the algebra $F_n^\delta$ of constants in the free metabelian Lie algebras have been investigated. According to the findings, $F_n^\delta$ is not finitely generated as a Lie algebra; whereas, $F_n^\delta \cap F_n^\prime$ is finitely generated $K[X_n]^\delta$-module and a list of generators for $n\le 4$ was given. In this work, in filling the gap in the list of small $n'$s we work in $F_5$ and give a list of generators of $F_5^\delta$ where $\delta(x_5)=x_4$, $\delta(x_4)=0$, $\delta(x_3)=x_2$, $\delta(x_2)=x_1$ and $\delta(x_1)=0$.
In Vitro Assessment of Anti-inflammatory Effect of Apigenin on Renal Cell Inflammation
Authors: ÖZSOY Selen , YARIM Gül Fatma
Published: July 2022

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate in vitro effect of apigenin on anti – and pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) levels in an in vitro model of renal cell inflammation induced with lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

Methods: For the in vitro renal cell inflammation model, the African green monkey kidney cell line (Vero) was used. Four groups as NC (without any treatment), LPS (Vero cells treated with 10 μg/mL of LPS for 4 hours), API (Vero cells treated with 5 μg/mL of apigenin for 12 hours), and LPS+API (Vero cells treated with 5 μg/mL of apigenin for 12 hours + 10 μg/mL of LPS for 4 hours) was formed. The non-cytotoxic dose of apigenin in Vero cells was evaluated by a cell count test. IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and TGF-β concentrations in the cell culture medium were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. All analyses were performed in four repetitions.

Results: IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and TGF-β concentrations of the LPS group increased compared to NC, API, and LPS+API groups (p
The Protective Effect of Rheum Ribes L., and Quercetin on Protein Carbonyl Levels Against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver and Kidney Damage in the Rats
Authors: BAKIR Ahmet , EKİN Suat , YÜKSEK Sevgi , OTO Gokhan
Published: July 2022

Objective: This study was designed to examine the potential protective effects of Rheum ribes L., and quercetin on protein carbonyl (PCO) in kidney and liver tissue, trace elements (Fe, Cu, Zn) and mineral (P) in serum samples in Wistar rats of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced oxidative damage.

Methods: The 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) method is the most reliable method widely used to measure carbonyl levels in proteins. In this study, the effect of Rheum ribes L. (Rr) and quercetin on protein carbonyl, trace elements (Fe, Cu, Zn) and mineral (P) levels against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) mediated liver and kidney damage was investigated. For this purpose, 56 Wistar albino female rats weighing 200 ± 220 g were used. Groups were designed as: controls, 0.3 ml DMSO, 1 ml/kg olive oil, 1 ml/kg CCl4, 100 mg/kg Rr, 100 mg/kg quercetin, 100 mg/kg Rr+1 ml/kg CCl4 and 100 mg/kg quercetin+1 ml/kg CCl4 groups.

Results: The results showed that the CCl4 group had significantly higher level of protein carbonyl (PCO) than the control, DMSO, olive oil, Rr and quercetin groups (p
Effect of cyclophosphamide on hematological and physiological and possible protective role of Berberis vulgaris in mice
Authors: Mohamed Idriss H.
Published: July 2022

Aim of study to investigate the effect of certain natural products from medicinal plants as adjuvant systems to reduce toxicity of chemotherapy. cyclophosphamide (CTX) is anti-cancer DNA alkylating chemotherapeutic agent to act against a variety of tumors in head and neck, testicular, ovarian, bladder, small-cell lung cancers, this study performed to investigate the effect of Berberis vulgaris in combination with CTX on hematological and physiological parameters induced by CTX in mice. In this study we evaluate the possible protective effects of Berberis vulgaris on hematological and physiological parameters in mice chronically treated with CTX. Four groups of mice were examined: a control (I), mice treated with CTX (II), mice treated with CTX + Berberis vulgaris (III), and mice treated with Berberis vulgaris (IV). All animals were treated for successively 5 days and killed one week after the last treatment, The results show significant decreases in levels of red blood cell distribution width (RDW), white blood cells (WBCs), neutrophils and lymphocytes counts with increases in levels of monocytes. Also, hepatocytes oxidative stress which characterized by significant increases in the serum activities aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Berberis vulgaris combined with CTX or Berberis vulgaris alone successfully normalized the hematological and biochemical parameters in form returning (RDW), (WBCs), monocytes and lymphocytes counts to normal level. Hepatocytes oxidative stress which characterized by significant decrease in the serum activities of (AST) and (ALT).
Yield performance of radiation induced rapeseed mutants at M8 generation
Authors: Bhuiyan Md. Saikat Hossain , Malek Md. Abdul , Emon Reza Mohammad , Khatun Mst. Khadija
Published: July 2022

Rapeseed is the most potential oil seed crops of Indian sub-continent. So higher seed yield potential variety is central choice of rapeseed grower. To verify the yield performances of rapeseed mutants an experiment was conducted at various locations of Bangladesh. Four true breeding (homozygous) mutants obtain from three different radiation doses (600, 800 and 900 Gy) along with the mother variety BARI Sarisha-15 and check variety BARI Sarisha-17 were used for each condition. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Interaction between genotype and location showed significant variations for all the agronomic traits, whereas only non-significant variations were provided from branch plant-1 and siliquae length for location. Mutant RM-20 produces the highest plant height (101.1cm) and matures earlier than all other mutants’ parent and check. At Magura and Ishurdi all the mutants produce significantly higher number of siliquae plant-1 then parent BARI Sarisha-15 and check BARI Sarisha-17. RM-18 and RM-20 produce maximum seeds siliquae-1 (30) whereas the mutant RM-07 produced lowest number of seeds siliquae-1 (22). Combined means over locations showed that mutants namely RM-18 and RM-20 produced significantly higher seed yield (1551.1 and 1385 kg/ha, respectively). This suggests that gamma ray’s irradiation can be fruitfully applied to develop mutants with higher seed yield and other agronomic traits in rapeseed
Comparative investigation of effects of phytosynthesized and mycosynthesized based silver nanoparticles on the growth of maize
Authors: Akhtar Yasmin , Akram Abida , Raja Naveed Iqbal , Awan Ghulam Yaseen
Published: July 2022

Effects of phytosynthesized and mycosynthesized based silver nanoparticles on plant growth parameters such as shoot and root lengths, leaf surface area, chlorophyll, RWC, MSI, SSC, carotenoid, SOD and POD contents of corn (Zea mays L.) was probed in the present research. The study was carried out with three replications. 4 dose of silver nanoparticles (20, 40, 60 and 80 ppm) were used. After germination, daily supply with 15 ml from each concentration was carried out for 12 days during plant growth. The results showed that small dose of silver nanoparticles enhanced the growth, while the higher dose induced the inhibitory effect. However, 40ppm of phytosynthesized NPs showed best results on increasing the shoot and root lengths, leaf length, chlorophyll, carotenoids SOD and POD contents of the tested crop plants while mycosynthesized showed best results at 60ppm dose on all the growth parameters as compared to the control. The present study illustrate the effects of phytosynthesized and mycosynthesized silver nanoparticles on maize growth parameters
Antagonistic effects of Rhamnolipid biosurfactant on larval gut microbes and impact on the growth and development of the silkworm
Authors: Kannan Mani , Rahman Pattanathu , Arumugam Thangarasu , Suganya Thangaiyan , Arunprasanna Vimalanathan , Tettamanti Gianluca , Krishnan Muthukalingan
Published: July 2022

The demand for bio-based insecticides has significantly increased during the last decade due to the contamination of the environment following massive pesticide use. The present study aims at evaluating the insecticidal activity of rhamnolipid (RL) biosurfactant (from

0.01 to 1 %) orally administered to fifth instar larvae of the silkworm, Bombyx mori, a model among Lepidoptera. The bioassay showed that above 0.5% RL caused significant mortality in the larvae and pupae of B.mori. To evaluate the mode of action of RL, we carried out

antibacterial activity assays against larval gut microbes of B.mori. Interestingly, a fall of the microbial population and a susceptibility of host beneficial bacterial species, like Bacillus megaterium, Bacterium IMBL3, Enterococcus mundtii and Bacillus cerus, towards RL were

observed by using plate sensitive assay and agar well diffusion assay, respectively. The results of the present study confirm that RL cause

the breakdown of beneficial interactions between the larval gut and microbes, leading to a high rate of larval mortality due to the digestive upset in the B. mori gut. This work provides a platform of knowledge to set up promising strategies for the biological control of insect pests.

Keywords: Rhamnolipid, antibacterial activity, Bombyx mori, insecticidal activity, gut microbes
Single-cell transcriptomics reveals male germ cells and Sertoli cells developmental patterns in dairy goats
Authors: Ren Fa , Xi Huaming , Qiao Pengyun , Li Yu , Xian Ming , Zhu Dawei , Hu Jianhong
Published: July 2022

Spermatogenesis holds considerable promise for human-assisted reproduction and livestock breeding based on stem cells. It occurs in seminiferous tubules within the testis, which mainly comprise male germ cells and Sertoli cells. While the developmental progression of male germ cells and Sertoli cells has been widely reported in mice, much less is known in other large animal species, including dairy goats. In this study, we present the data of single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) for 25,373 cells from 45 (pre-puberty), 90 (puberty), and 180-day-old (post-puberty) dairy goat testes. We aimed to identify genes that are associated with key developmental events in male germ cells and Sertoli cells. We examined the development of spermatogenic cells and seminiferous tubules from 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 180, and 240-day-old buck goat testes. scRNA-seq clustering analysis of testicular cells from pre-puberty, puberty, and post-puberty goat testes revealed several cell types, including cell populations with characteristics of spermatogonia, early spermatocytes, spermatocytes, spermatids, Sertoli cells, Leydig cells, macrophages, and endothelial cells. We mapped the timeline for male germ cells development from spermatogonia to spermatids and identified gene signatures that define spermatogenic cell populations, such as AMH, SOHLH1, INHA, and ACTA2. Importantly, using immunofluorescence staining for different marker proteins (UCHL1, C-KIT, VASA, SOX9, AMH, and PCNA), we explored the proliferative activity and development of male germ cells and Sertoli cells. Moreover, we identified the expression patterns of potential key genes associated with the niche-related key pathways in male germ cells of dairy goats, including testosterone, retinoic acid, PDGF, FGF, and WNT pathways. In summary, our study systematically investigated the elaborate male germ cells and Sertoli cells developmental patterns in dairy goats that have so far remained largely unknown. This information represents a valuable resource for the establishment of goat male reproductive stem cells lines, induction of germ cell differentiation in vitro, and the exploration of sequential cell fate transition for spermatogenesis and testicular development at single-cell resolution.
Enterobacterial LPS-inducible LINC00152 is regulated by histone lactylation and promotes cancer cells invasion and migration
Authors: Wang Jianwei , Liu Zhi , Xu Yuyu , Wang Yipeng , Wang Fei , Zhang Qingqing , Ni Chunhua , Zhen Yi , Xu Rui , Liu Qisha , Fang Weijia , Huang Ping , Liu Xingyin
Published: July 2022

Gut microbes participate in pathogenesis by interacting with the host genome through epigenetic mechanisms, such as long non-coding RNAs. However, the mechanisms by which the microbiota induce expression alteration of long non-coding RNAs remains unclear. Here, we quantified the transcriptome alteration of human colon cell lines after being infected by a common enteric pathogen Salmonella typhimurium SL1344. We observed a widespread lncRNAs expression alteration. Among them, the elevated expression of LINC00152 was verified and proved to be induced by enteric bacteria-derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The inducible LINC00152 were found to inhibit Salmonella invasion and inflammation response. LINC00152 was overexpressed in tumors of the clinical CRC samples compared with adjacent normal tissues. Accordingly, we also demonstrated that overexpression of LINC00152 promoted the migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells. Consistently, we observed an increased abundance of gram-negative bacteria and LPS in tumors tissue. Taken together, the above data implicated that enriched gram-negative bacteria in tumor tissue might promote tumor growth through modulating the expression of LINC00152. Furthermore, we demonstrated that LPS upregulated the expression of LINC00152 by introducing histone lactylation on its promoter and decreasing the binding efficiency of the repressor, YY1, to it. Our results provide new insights into how enterobacteria affect host epigenetics in human disease.
Designing Climate Information Services to Enhance Resilient Farming Activities: Lessons From Papua New Guinea
Authors: Friedman Rachel S. , Mackenzie Ellis , Baiga Ruth , Inape Kasis , Crimp Steven J. , Howden Mark
Published: July 2022

Anthropogenically-driven changes in seasonal climate patterns are already jeopardizing traditional farming practices all around the world. These climatic changes increasingly expose farmers to challenging conditions, reducing the efficacy of existing farm practices and productivity. There is a plethora of information, tools, and practices that could be useful for farmers trying to respond to climate variability and change, including climate projections, horticultural advances, and agricultural management best practices. Whilst these tools and knowledge exist, they are often not contextualized in ways that equitably facilitate decision-making and action. To ensure weather and climate information services are accessible and useful to farmers, it is critical to understand and integrate considerations for the desired types, timing, and uses of the information. The one-size-fits-all information services that are often available don't account for regional or social differences, local physical conditions, or the needs of different populations. In order to improve our understanding of how weather and climate information services can better cater to farmers' needs when modifying and adapting their goals, risk management, and farm practices, we carried out a household survey in communities across three provinces in Papua New Guinea. The survey was developed to draw out key design considerations for seasonal climate forecasts in terms of timing, type of information, and applications. Based on the clustering and associations of these variables, this study identifies different profiles of information services content. It then examines whether specific profiles are associated with demographic groups or geographic locations. The findings demonstrate gender and geographic differences in the desired bundles of weather and climate information, and therefore can help to pinpoint specific components that would be beneficial to incorporate into extension and outreach programmes in different contexts within Papua New Guinea. This study highlights the value of tailoring weather and climate information services with specific groups of farmers, thereby enabling more equitable access to and use of critical knowledge for smallholders to build the capacity, knowledge, and systems to strategically adapt to climate change. At the same time, this study illustrates areas to gain efficiency and potentially scale up the provision of climate information services.
Industrial Apprenticeship Model Based on Work-Based Learning for Pre-service Teachers in Automotive Engineering
Authors: Suyitno Suyitno , Kamin Yusri , Jatmoko Dwi , Nurtanto Muhammad , Sunjayanto Edi
Published: July 2022

The low vocational competence of vocational teachers has become an essential issue in the last few decades. This problem is due to the lack of actual work experience in the industry for vocational teachers. One of the vocational skills improvement programs that are considered adequate is the industrial apprenticeship program. Many studies discuss apprenticeships, but there are still limited studies that examine effective apprenticeship programs to improve the competence of pre-service teachers at automotive engineering Vocational High Schools. Therefore, this study aims to determine the development of a Work-Based Learning (WBL)-based industrial apprenticeship model and its effectiveness to improve the competence of pre-service teachers at Vocational High Schools in the field of automotive engineering. This study uses an Education Research and Development (R&D) approach and involves two campuses in Central Java-Indonesia. There were 20 pre-service vocational teachers and three industry parties involved in the preliminary study. The preliminary study aims to obtain information about the problems and needs of the apprenticeship model. Furthermore, there were 60 pre-service vocational teachers and 12 industry parties involved in a follow-up study to test the effectiveness of the apprenticeship model. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. The study results revealed that the WBL-based industrial apprenticeship model for pre-service vocational teachers in the automotive engineering field was considered feasible. In addition, the implementation of a WBL-based industrial apprenticeship can improve the competence of pre-service automotive engineering teachers, which includes knowledge, attitudes, and skills in the field of automotive engineering. The results of this study have implications for vocational education practitioners, especially higher education that organizes teacher education programs, to apply this apprenticeship model in preparing pre-service vocational teachers. This is because the WBL-based industrial apprenticeship model for pre-service vocational teachers plays a vital role in improving vocational skills for pre-service vocational teachers.
The association between different hypoglycemic regimens and postoperative diabetic macular edema after vitrectomy in the Japanese patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Lei Chunyan , Zhang Yun , Zhang Meixia
Published: July 2022

Purpose

To study the association between different hypoglycemic regimens and postoperative diabetic macular edema (DME).

Methods

A secondary analysis based on a retrospective cohort study.

Results

In this secondary analysis, 124 eyes from patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) who underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) between January 2008 and September 2012 were included. We found that compared with oral hypoglycemic medication, oral hypoglycemic medication plus insulin treatment revealed an insignificant relationship with postoperative DME (odds ratio [OR]=0.8, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.12-5.21, P=0.8167), only insulin treatment revealed a significant association with postoperative DME (OR=0.10, 95% CI: 0.01-0.84, P=0.0337) after adjusted age, sex. After adjusted age, sex, diabetes mellitus (DM) duration, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), the results did not have obvious changes (OR=0.61, 95% CI: 0.09-4.26, P=0.6187; OR=0.07, 95% CI: 0.01-0.65, P=0.0197). Furthermore, after adjusted age, sex, DM duration, HbA1c, hypertension, intraoperative retinal photocoagulation, vitreous hemorrhage, macular detachment, fibrovascular membrane, intraocular lens implantation and microincision vitrectomy surgery, the results were consistent (OR=0.66, 95% CI: 0.05-9.49, P=0.7621; OR=0.06, 95% CI: 0.00-0.81, P=0.0342). The same trend was observed in these adjusted models as well (p for trend was 0.0254, 0.0141, and 0.0311, respectively).

Conclusion

In conclusion, our results of the secondary analysis should be interpreted as a significant association between insulin treatment and reduced risks of postoperative DME in Japanese PDR patients with PPV surgery, compared with oral medications. Well glycemic control with longstanding insulin therapy may be beneficial to reduce the risks of postoperative DME in PDR patients. Our investigation calls for large-scale and long-term prospective clinical studies for a full evaluation of the exact role of insulin in the progression of postoperative DME.
Reduced leukocyte mitochondrial copy number in metabolic syndrome and metabolically healthy obesity
Authors: Agius Rachel , Pace Nikolai Paul , Fava Stephen
Published: July 2022

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the associations between peripheral blood leukocyte mitochondrial copy number, metabolic syndrome, and adiposity-related body composition phenotypes in a high prevalence population.

Methods

A single center cross-sectional study was conducted, consisting of 521 middle-aged subjects of Maltese-Caucasian ethnicity. Participants were stratified according to the presence of metabolic syndrome and different metabolic health definitions based on NCEP-ATP III criteria. Relative leukocyte mitochondrial DNA copy number was determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and corrected for leukocyte and platelet count. The associations between mitochondrial copy number and metabolic syndrome components was evaluated and adjusted for age and gender.

Results

Significant negative correlations between mtDNA copy number and BMI, waist circumference, triglyceride levels, fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, HOMA-IR and hsCRP were observed, along with a positive correlation with HDL-C levels. Mitochondrial copy number was lower in individuals with metabolic syndrome. When compared to metabolically healthy normal weight subjects, a reduction in mtDNA copy number was observed in both the metabolically healthy and unhealthy obese categories.

Conclusion

Our data supports the association between reduced leukocyte mtDNA copy number, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. This investigation expands on the spectrum of associations between mtDNA copy number and metabolic phenotypes in different populations and underpins the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the development and progression of metabolic syndrome and its components.
Prediction of plant diversity under different stocking rates based on functional traits of constructive species in a desert steppe, northern China
Authors: Li Jiangwen , He Bangyin , Zhou Shuangxi , Zhang Xiaoxi , Li Cai , Han Guodong
Published: July 2022

Excessive grazing causes a decrease in plant diversity of grassland and also leads to changes in the functional traits of grassland plants. Based on the relationship between plant diversity and the functional traits of constructive species, the patterns of change in plant diversity can be predicted based on change in plant functional traits under different stocking rates. For the present study, Stipa breviflora desert steppe in Inner Mongolia was studied to characterize the plant community and population characteristics and plant functional traits of S. breviflora in grazing areas with different stocking rates [without grazing, light grazing (LG, 0.93 sheep unit hm–2half yr–1), moderate grazing (MG, 1.82 sheep unit hm–2half yr–1), heavy grazing (HG, 2.71 sheep unit hm–2 half yr–1)]. The results showed that: (1) LG significantly weakened the competitive advantage of the constructive species (S. breviflora) (P < 0.05), while HG significantly strengthened its competitive advantage in the community (P < 0.05); (2) Changes in plant diversity were generally significantly related to changes in S. breviflora root traits. The competitive advantage of S. breviflora in the community and the change in root traits could be used to predict the change in plant diversity in the desert steppe under different stocking rates. This research can provide a theoretical basis for maintaining plant diversity and sustainability in the desert steppe.
Syntactic properties of male courtship song in the lesser short-tailed bat, Mystacina tuberculata
Authors: Collier Kathleen , Parsons Stuart
Published: July 2022

Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) have sophisticated acoustic abilities adapted to many uses, including both echolocation and social vocalisations. Social vocalisations are used in a wide variety of contexts and vary greatly in acoustic arrangement and complexity. Among the most intricate are the courtship songs that males of certain species use to attract mates and advertise their qualities. To date, however, few studies have examined the phonological construction of bat songs or made a detailed assessment of the syntax used to combine different song elements. Here, we examine the syntactic construction of courtship songs in the New Zealand lesser short-tailed bat, Mystacina tuberculata, a highly vocal, lek-breeding species with exceptionally high song-output rates. We hypothesised that song construction in this species is both hierarchical and non-random, and demonstrates a high degree of individual variation, potentially allowing for individual recognition. We recorded the courtship songs of nine male bats and used manual classification of song components to examine the song structure. Here we examine whether the deployment of different song components is dependent on their position, and also determine the transition probabilities between different components. We find that the frequency of song-element production and the distribution of elements within songs are non-random at both the individual and population level, and that the number of elements used per phrase differs between individuals. Overall, we demonstrate that M. tuberculata songs are hierarchically constructed and employ phonological syntax to build syllables and phrases. We further show that bats employ high structural similarity and conservatism in the construction of syllables, while retaining a capacity for versatility and innovation that allows for considerable individual variation and, likely, individual recognition.
Discovery of Novel Variants on the CHD7 Gene: A Case Series of CHARGE Syndrome
Authors: Wu Xiangtao , Chen Liang , Lu Weihong , He Shaoru , Li Xiaowen , Sun Lingling , Zhang Longjiang , Wang Dejuan , Zhang Ruigui , Liu Yumei , Sun Yunxia , Feng Zhichun , Wei Zhang Victor
Published: July 2022

Background: CHARGE syndrome (CS) is a single-gene genetic disorder with multiple organ malformations caused by a variant of the chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein 7 (CHD7) gene on chromosome 8q12.1. In this study, we aimed to investigate new variants that have emerged in these cases compared with typical CS and the relationship between the genes and phenotypes.

Methods: Patients with suspected genetic diseases were subjected to Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) at a genetics laboratory in Guangzhou. The average sequencing coverage depth was >200 ×, and 96% was >20 ×. The variant interpretation was manipulated according to the American College of Medical Genetics (ACMG) guidelines. Molecular data on databases for ClinVar and CHD7 were also collected and collated. We reviewed the currently described CHD7 variants and analyzed the genetic variation and phenotypic heterogeneity.

Results: Data of 12 patients with CS from four hospitals in China were collected. According to gestational age, most of them (8/12) were near-term babies with a lower birth weight than their peers, averaging 2.62 kg. In this study, the most common phenotypes were respiratory tract malformations (11/12), heart malformations (10/12), and central nervous system malformations (9/12). Two fetuses were confirmed to have brain or heart abnormalities during prenatal testing, while 10/12 were found to have abnormalities during prenatal testing. The maximum Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE II) score at admission was 19, and the average was 11.58. Five variants in the CHD7 gene c.7012C > T (p.Q2338*), c.7868delC (p.P2623Rfs*16), c.5405-3C > G, c.6936 + 2T > C, and c.8077-2A > G) were novel and were located in exons 33, 36, and introns 25, 32, and 37, respectively. There may be a positive correlation between exon location and phenotype.

Conclusion: Five novel variants were discovered. These expanded the mutational spectrum of the CHD7 gene and the phenotype of CS. There may be a correlation between the new mutation sites and the phenotype, which has some reference value for the evaluation of mutation sites.
Estimating Heritabilities and Breeding Values From Censored Phenotypes Using a Data Augmentation Approach
Authors: Stephen Melissa A. , Cheng Hao , Pryce Jennie E. , Burke Chris R. , Steele Nicole M. , Phyn Claire V. C. , Garrick Dorian J.
Published: July 2022

Time-dependent traits are often subject to censorship, where instead of precise phenotypes, only a lower and/or upper bound can be established for some of the individuals. Censorship reduces the precision of phenotypes but can represent compromise between measurement cost and animal ethics considerations. This compromise is particularly relevant for genetic evaluation because phenotyping initiatives often involve thousands of individuals. This research aimed to: 1) demonstrate a data augmentation approach for analysing censored phenotypes, and 2) quantify the implications of phenotype censorship on estimation of heritabilities and predictions of breeding values. First, we simulated uncensored phenotypes, representing fine-scale “age at puberty” for each individual in a population of some 5,000 animals across 50 herds. Analysis of these uncensored phenotypes provided a gold-standard control. We then produced seven “test” phenotypes by superimposing varying degrees of left, interval, and/or right censorship, as if herds were measured on only one, two or three occasions, with a binary measure categorized for animals at each visit (either pre or post pubertal). We demonstrated that our estimates of heritabilities and predictions of breeding values obtained using a data augmentation approach were remarkably robust to phenotype censorship. Our results have important practical implications for measuring time-dependent traits for genetic evaluation. More specifically, we suggest that data collection can be designed with relatively infrequent repeated measures, thereby reducing costs and increasing feasibility across large numbers of animals.