bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
(In)sustentabilidades da produção de semijoias de Limeira-SP a partir da atividade
Authors: Bezerra Gemma Sandra Francisca , Traldi de Lima Flavia , Pirino Bruna , Santos Gomes Kemily
Published: January 2025

Introdução: O município de Limeira-SP é reconhecido como um importante polo da indústria de semijoias no Brasil que abrange uma extensa cadeia desde a criação, projeto, fabricação, venda, marketing, gestão e administração, porém lida com desafios ligados às externalidades negativas que precisam ser melhor compreendidos.
Objetivo: Discutir as questões ligadas às (in)sustentabilidades da cadeia produtiva de semijoias em Limeira-SP nas perspectivas social, ambiental e econômica, especialmente com foco na atividade humana.Metodologia: Revisão bibliográfica e dados de pesquisas empíricas realizadas neste setor pelo ErgoLab/Unicamp (Laboratório de Ergonomia, Saúde e Trabalho) e demais instituições parceiras.
Resultados: A atividade produtiva das semijoias na cidade de Limeira-SP traz inúmeras adversidades e pode impactar diretamente tanto na saúde dos(as) trabalhadores(as), quanto nas questões socioambientais, por conta de suas características que envolve manuseio de agentes químicos, os trabalhos infantil, informal e doméstico.
Conclusão: O setor de semijoias não é sustentável, sobretudo por conta das questões sociais e que envolvem a atividade de trabalho. Marcado pela informalidade, o trabalho doméstico, e o consequente trabalho infantil, perpassa por questões de contaminações ambientais, posto que este setor consiste em risco para a saúde coletiva e do território. Ademais, condições de trabalho precárias expõem ainda mais mulheres, jovens e crianças inseridas neste mercado de trabalho, porém de forma (in)sustentável. Urge avançar na formulação e implantação de políticas públicas sistêmicas e integradas que possam dar conta da complexidade enfrentada.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: ergonomia da atividade; psicodinâmica do trabalho; semijoias; sustentabilidade.
Greenwashing: a lógica colonial nas pautas de sustentabilidade da iFood
Authors: Aragão Couto de Oliveira Marcos , Sampietro Pinheiro Maisa , De Figueiredo Garrido Carolina , Nolding Maia Isabel
Published: January 2025

Introdução: O estudo mobilizou teorias decoloniais para questionar como as pautas de sustentabilidade das empresas atravessam a exploração do trabalho plataformizado com estratégias de "maquiagem verde" (greenwashing), operando como uma versão colonial de falsa sustentabilidade.
Objetivo: Esse artigo analisa as ações de sustentabilidade da empresa iFood, verificando se de fato possuem algum impacto real para o meio ambiente e como tais ações se relacionam com as condições de trabalho dos entregadores e das entregadoras.
Metodologia: Para a investigação foram utilizados os próprios materiais publicitários da iFood, em conjunto com reportagens jornalísticas especializadas no tema. Foram apresentados estudos de casos de quatro ações de sustentabilidade divulgados pela empresa iFood e contrapostos com o uso de literatura específica sobre plataformização, sustentabilidade e colonialidade.
Resultados: Identificamos que a iFood não contribui materialmente nas ações de sustentabilidade. Em verdade, suas ações acabam por transferir todos os custos e riscos para seus parceiros, os restaurantes e, principalmente, para entregadores e entregadoras, que são obrigados a dispender de parte de sua saúde física, financeira e segurança pessoal para acomodar as “vantagens” dos programas no seu dia a dia de trabalho.
Conclusão: Concluímos que a iFood pratica greenwashing, não apresentando qualquer contribuição real e praticando uma exploração física e financeira de seus entregadores e entregadoras.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: colonialidade; greenwashing; plataformização; sustentabilidade.
Ecologia, Sindicalismo e Direito do Trabalho: Apresentação
Authors: Seferian Gustavo , Löwy Michael
Published: January 2025

Apresentação do Dossiê “Ecologia, Sindicalismo e Direito do Trabalho”. O texto propõe trazer elementos na articulação entre ecologia, sindicalismo e direito do trabalho. Passa pelo desvelar dos traços ecológicos desde o irromper dos conflitos de classe na modernidade capitalista, assumindo a questão ambiental lugar central das demandas sindicais e a imprescindibilidade de reconhecermos o modo desigual como recaem os efeitos da dimensão climática da crise de civilização no conjunto da população da terra, inclusive no seio da classe trabalhadora, dada a sua heterogênea composição. Aponta pautas historicamente assumidas pelo movimento sindical e registra a importância de que as lutas táticas por direitos trabalhistas possam assumir um horizonte estratégico ecossocialista.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: meio-ambiente do trabalho; sindicalismo; ecologia; desigualdades ecológicas; ecossocialismo.
Các nhân tố ảnh hưởng tới nợ xấu tại các ngân hàng thương mại Việt Nam
Authors: Nguyễn Minh Phương , Tạ Thị Chinh , Trần Bình Minh , Đinh Phương Hà
Published: January 2025

Nghiên cứu xác định các nhân tố vi mô và vĩ mô tác động đến nợ xấu tại các ngân hàng thương mại Việt Nam trong giai đoạn 2018-2023. Kết quả phân tích dữ liệu chỉ ra rằng trong 5 nhân tố nghiên cứu tác động tới nợ xấu của các ngân hàng thương mại Việt Nam thì có 3 nhân tố có ý nghĩa thống kê là Tỷ lệ sinh lời trên vốn chủ sở hữu (ROE), Quy mô tổng tài sản (SIZE) và Tỷ lệ lạm phát (INF). Bên cạnh đó, có 2 nhân tố có chiều tác động ngược với kỳ vọng của nhóm tác giả là GDP và SIZE. Việc nghiên cứu về nợ xấu của ngành ngân hàng giai đoạn 2018-2023 mang ý nghĩa quan trọng, vì đây là thời kỳ ghi nhận nhiều biến động về kinh tế và tài chính, từ đó có thể rút ra bài học hữu ích để định hướng các chính sách và chiến lược trong tương lai.
Strategi Ular Tangga Berbasis Turn-Based Logic
Authors: Sugianto Sugianto , Jimmy Jimmy , Simanihuruk Tiarma , Miharja Satriya , Simarmata B. Ricson
Published: January 2025

Meskipun sederhana, ular tangga adalah salah satu permainan yang memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan menjadi platform edukasi dan hiburan berbasis teknologi. Menggunakan Adobe Flash, permainan berbasis Turn-Based Logic dapat diimplementasikan dengan approach yang menggunakan state management dan event-driven programming. Sistem ini dirancang untuk membuat pemain merasa lebih terlibat dalam permainan, intelektual dan strategi. Pengujian menunjukkan bahwa metode ini berhasil dalam meningkatkan keterlibatan pemain dan membantu membuat permainan lebih menarik.
Perbandingan Metode Klasifikasi dan SMOTE Terhadap Analisa Sentimen Mobil Listrik Indonesia
Authors: Kumalasari Jefina Tri , Puspitorini Indah
Published: January 2025

Pesatnya perkembangaan penyimpanan energi terutama teknologi baterai membuat inovasi pada kendaraan. Perkembangan transportasi beralih dari kendaraan berbahan bakar fosil ke energi listrik dimana memiliki keuntungan ramah lingkungan dan tidak bising. Namun pada daya terima masyarakat Indonesia berbeda-beda ada yang positif dan negatif. Dinamika di masyarakat dapat di gali melalui komentar yang terdapat di Youtube. Dimana Youtube sebagai situs layanan menonton dan berbagi video yang mengalami penetrasi signifikan. Saat ini Indonesia berada di posisi ke empat sebagai pengguna Youtube sehingga situs ini sesuai digunakan sebagai sumber data.  Analisa mengenai berdasarkan sentimen mengenai mobil listrik yang berasal dari salah satu kanal Youtube dimana terdapat mendapatkan hasil 65% positif dan sisanya 35% berpendapat negatif. Data diolah dengan menggunakan metode Knowledge Discovery in Data Base dengan metode CRISP-DM. Komentar awal berjumlah 1265 yang diolah dengan menggunakan metode klasifikasi pada data mining. Dengan cara membandingkan algoritma KNN, algoritma Naïve Bayes dan Algoritma SVM. Kemudian guna menyeimbangkan data dan meningkatkan akurasi peneliti mengkombinasikan dengan algoritma SMOTE. Hasil yang diperoleh integrasi algoritma SVM dan SMOTE menghasilkan keakurasian 94.65%, gabungan Naïve Bayes dan SMOTE menghasilkan akurasi 84.82% dan KNN dengan SMOTE menghasilkan 62.80%. Berdasarkan hasil perbandingan algoritma klasifikasi yang telah dilakukan didapat kombinasi algoritma SVM dan SMOTE menghasilkan prediksi terbaik.
Klasterisasi Wilayah Rawan Kekerasan Anak Menggunakan Algoritma k-Medoids di Kota Padang
Authors: Minarni Minarni , Mahendra Mahendra , Anisya Anisya , Putra Dede Wira Trise , Swara Ganda Yoga , Warman Indra
Published: January 2025

Kekerasan merupakan perilaku yang menimbulkan penderitaan baik secara fisik maupun psikologis pada korbannya. Anak-anak menjadi korban kekerasan baik secara fisik, psikologis, seksual, dan eksploitasi yang menyebabkan hak-hak anak terancam. Banyaknya jumlah korban kekerasan yang tersebar di beberapa wilayah menyebabkan lambanya penanganan kasus tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengelompokkan kasus kekerasan anak berdasarkan wilayah menggunakan algoritma k-medoids pada Badan Koordinasi Keluarga Berencana Nasional (BKKBN) Kota Padang. Data yang digunakan sebanyak 2434 data kasus kekerasan terhadap anak yang tesebar pada 11 kecamatan. Data dikelompokkan menggunakan algoritma k-medoids. Atribut variabel yang digunakan yaitu wilayah, usia dan kasus dimana wilayah dalam hal ini kecamatan menjadi acuan pada pemprosesan data tersebut sehingga proses klaster sebanyak 3 buah klaster. Penelitian ini menghasilkan sebuah aplikasi yang dapat mengelompokkan 11 Kecamatan di kota Padang menjadi 3 klaster yaitu klaster 1(kasus tertinggi), klaster 2 (kasus sedang), dan klaster 3 (kasus terendah). Hasil pengujian diperoleh klaster 1 adalah kecamatan Pauh, Lubuk Begalung, dan Koto Tangah, klaster 2 adalah Kecamatan Padang Barat, Padang Selatan, Padang Timur, Kuranji, dan Lubuk Kilangan, dan klaster 3 adalah Padang Utara, Nanggalo, dan Bungus Teluk Kabung. Pengujian juga dilakukan menggunakan tools RapidMiner dengan selisih hasil antara klaster terendah dan tertinggi dengan rincian klaster 0 (kasus tertinggi), klaster 1 (kasus sedang) dan klaster 2 (kasus terendah)
Polymeric Materials Enhanced with Antimicrobial Additives for Use in Dairy Milking Applications
Authors: Allen Benton F , Hunt Emily M , Richeson John T , Dodge Paige , Miersma Robert
Published: January 2025

The transmission of mastitis infections within dairy herds, facilitated by biofilms on dairy liners, presents a significant challenge to animal health and dairy farm productivity. This study introduces novel engineered materials designed to reduce the prevalence of mastitis in dairy herds without escalating antibiotic drug usage. By integrating inherently antimicrobial materials into the polymer matrix of dairy liners, we aim to create a passive barrier against pathogenic organisms, thereby limiting disease transmission among animals. Specifically, the antimicrobial efficacy of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) embedded within a polymer matrix, akin to those utilized in commercial dairy liners, was assessed using two methods. The first method followed the non-GLP ASTM International Method E2180 to evaluate the antibacterial activity of treated articles against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538. The results demonstrated a significant log reduction in bacterial count, achieving a 4.28 log reduction with a 2% (weight) ZnO incorporation and a 5.34 log reduction with 4% ZnO. The second method utilized was an augmentation of ASTM E2180-18 with the objective being to develop a pseudo-biofilm on the surface of the polymers by exposing them to raw dairy hospital parlor milk. Results show a decrease in microbiological growth with the addition of ZnO particles in the polymer matrix. This study underscores the potential of utilizing engineered materials with embedded antimicrobial agents to create surfaces that passively neutralize pathogenic organisms. By doing so, it is possible to inhibit disease transmission within dairy herds and decrease the dependency on antibiotics for treating communicable diseases in dairy cattle, thus contributing to sustainable dairy farming practices.
Islamic Banking Perspective on Corporate Governance
Authors: Mahareeq Leena , Abu Karsh Sharif M
Published: January 2025

Relevance: The Islamic banking industry has worked more effectively for decades during the era of Muslim civilization and has made a resurgence into a global platform. This in turns leads to efficient corporate governance in Islamic financial institutions, structured to fulfill the requirements and regulations of sharia.

Purpose: The purpose of the research is to determine Islamic Banking’s perception on corporate governance.

Method: This paper presents a descriptive analysis on cooperate governance of Islamic Backing. The study reviewed articles on corporate banking systems, the Islamic banking system, the underlying structures that exist in both systems, their rules and regulations, and the relationship between both systems of banking.

Result: The study found that Islamic banking has well-structured corporate governance guided by different bodies, including a multi-layered organization comprising the Sharia Supervisory Board (SSB), board of directors, investors, and commissioners. The SSB sits at the top of the corporate governance ladder; it offers oversight of all the transactional operations and compliance of the Islamic banking system based on sharia law (rule and regulations) known as Super Authority. This has accelerated the growth of Islamic banks.

Conclusion: Islamic banking runs a multi-layered corporate governance whose primary transactional operation is guided by Sharia principles. This sole technique has contributed to the extensive growth on its corporate governance.
Choosing to Quit Work: Work-Family Enhancement among Married Female Workers
Authors: Mahareeq Leena , Abu Karsh Sharif M
Published: January 2025

The decision for a woman to stay in her job is told by her station towards the job; as similar, numerous workers are frequently driven to quit their jobs whenever they feel that they aren't attached to the employer or the company. This paper will examine the effect of work engagement and work- family improvement on womanish workers' development intention, especially wedded women. Studies indicate that wedded womanish workers tend to have a high rate of work engagement only if they feel that the job is worth their time and can sustain their families. The paper examined these issues grounded on both primary and secondary data sources. In addition, both qualitative and quantitative exploration designs will also be used in this paper. Online checks and questionnaires were administered to a sample population of wedded womanish workers. In addition, the paper was also espoused ideas from a check that was conducted on a sample population of 391 wedded womanish workers working in the hospitality assiduity in Bali, Indonesia. The study, which involved anon-probability slice fashion with over 330 questionnaires, formed the base of our secondary data for this paper. Online checks were grounded on specific questions, and data collected through this system was anatomized using structural equation modelling (SEM). Our analysis indicates that wedded womanish workers tend to be more enthusiastic about jobs that can make them fulfil their double places at work and in their separate families. Thus, this exploration is a consideration for operation in the timber of programs and regulations regarding declining development intentions.
Unlocking the Power of Internal Control: How It Lowers Risk and Slashes Logistics Costs in Retail
Authors: Haryanto Haryanto , Wahjoe Hapsari Dini , Hidayah Nurul
Published: January 2025

Effective internal control is crucial for optimizing the logistics process and mitigating potential financial and operational losses associated with various risks, including inventory discrepancies, delayed deliveries, and lost goods. This study examines internal control's role in minimizing logistics risks and costs within the retail sector. This research uses a qualitative approach and a descriptive method, and the findings reveal that internal control is vital for the retail industry, particularly in decreasing operational risks and managing high logistics costs. By implementing standardized procedures, companies can enhance the efficiency of inventory management, distribution, and storage, thereby reducing the likelihood of loss or inaccuracies in stock data. Furthermore, the segregation of duties safeguards against fraud and improves overall accuracy. Internal control also fosters cost-efficiency by optimizing inventory management, employing technology for real-time monitoring of shipments and distribution, and better overseeing transportation budgets. Additionally, it ensures adherence to relevant regulations and legal standards, promotes transparency and accountability within the logistics process, and bolsters the organization's integrity. Thus, internal control significantly contributes to effective risk management, cost efficiency, and the sustainability of businesses in the retail sector.
Analysis of Building Information Modeling (BIM) Implementation in Mechanical, Electrical, and Plumbing (MEP) Works on the Success of Construction Projects
Authors: Putri Mike Riska
Published: January 2025

The construction industry has an important role in global infrastructure development, with Building Information Modeling (BIM) an increasingly important innovation to improve efficiency, collaboration and project quality. The transformation of the construction industry that is developing from Industrial Revolution 4.0 to Society 5.0 requires the use of technology that takes advantage of the connection between humans and digital systems. Even though BIM offers great potential in the construction sector, its implementation in Mechanical, Electrical and Plumbing (MEP) work still faces major challenges such as communication barriers, communications and the risk of delays which affect the final project results. The aim of this research is to identify the factors that influence the successful implementation of BIM in MEP work, as well as the benefits and barriers that arise in the field. The analysis method used is factor, namely a multivariate statistical technique that groups mutually inhibiting variables into main factors that can influence the effectiveness of BIM implementation. The research results show that the application of BIM to MEP work provides benefits to the quality of MEP project management, MEP project performance and operational efficiency of MEP work. BIM implementation also has obstacles caused by policy factors, organizational factors and knowledge factors in implementing BIM in MEP work. The Human Resources (HR) readiness factor is the main aspect that influences the success of implementing BIM in MEP work.
Neural Basis of Aging
Authors: Jackson Brennan
Published: January 2025

Gamma oscillations within the sensory cortices have been shown to play a key role in feature binding, multisensory information encoding, selective attention, and increased information transmission to the hippocampus. The process of the cortex promoting arousal, attention, and determining novelty is thought to rely on a complex interplay of dopaminergic and noradrenergic signaling for contextual novelty and cholinergic and noradrenergic signaling encoding absolute novelty. Gamma entrainment using sensory stimulation (GENUS) has been found to have significant impacts on 1) glial cells and neuroinflammation 2) increasing blood and glymphatic flow 3) plasticity, neurogenesis, and preventing neurodegeneration, and 4) hippocampal dependent memory in preclinical models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and neurodegeneration. Related phenotypes have been observed in a variety of disease models including chemobrain, multiple sclerosis, and stroke. Additionally, similar results have been observed using vagus nerve and transcranial stimulation in the gamma range. We propose a mechanism in which the positive impact of GENUS and gamma range stimulation is largely mediated by activation of midbrain nuclei, promotion of noradrenergic and cholinergic signaling, influencing of glial and synaptic dynamics, and promotion of circuit health. We would hypothesize that these phenotypes are based on neuromodulatory communication and diffusion rather than direct neuron-glia interactions within the cortex or corticocortical communication. We discuss the ways in which this circuit has been shown to be functionally impacted by the pathophysiology of AD and its relationship with cognitive reserve and decline. Finally, we discuss improvements in stimulation protocol to more directly promote this signaling pathway.
Enhancing Micro-Droplet Mixing in Microfluidic Systems Via Electrowetting-Induced Parametric Oscillations
Authors: Wei Yaming , Zou Jianfeng , Zhao Ziting , Sun Jiaqi
Published: January 2025

In the context of space exploration, electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) microfluidic systems hold substantial promise for enhancing in-situ analysis and experimentation, particularly given its potential for precise control of fluid dynamics in the microgravity environment. This study investigates the effects of electrowetting-induced parametric oscillations on mixing efficiency within coalesced micro-droplets in EWOD microfluidic devices using numerical simulations. The mechanism by which parametric oscillation affects the mixing process of micro-droplets in EWOD devices is unraveled, which is previously uninverstigated in the literature to the best of our knowledge. The simulations reveal that parametric oscillations significantly increase vorticity magnitude and shear rate around the droplet interface, leading to improved mixing compared to free oscillation. Notably, the study identifies fluctuations in the mixing index associated with the oscillation-induced shape changes of the droplets. These findings underscore the potential of parametric oscillation as a strategy for optimizing mixing in EWOD systems, with implications for the design of more efficient microfluidic devices.
Productive biosensing techniques empowered by all-dielectric metasurfaces
Authors: Iwanaga Masanobu
Published: January 2025

Artificially designed, functional nanostructured surfaces, called metasurfaces, are an emerging platform for biosensing. Two major types of metasurface biosensors have been reported: one is based on resonant-wavelength shift and the other is specialized for fluorescence (FL) detection. The all-dielectric metasurfaces that composed of periodic arrays of silicon nanocolumns have a series of optical magnetic-mode resonances, some of which were found to significantly enhance capability for FL detection of diverse target biomolecules, ranging from nucleic acid to antigens and antibodies. Here, we mainly address the recent advances in productive metasurface FL biosensors, provide an overview of the pivotal results, and discuss the future prospects, including artificial-intelligence-driven big data analysis for the next-generation healthcare services.
HSF1 at the crossroads of chemoresistance: from current insights to future horizons in cell death mechanisms
Authors: Ghai Shruti , Shrestha Rejina , Su Kuo-Hui
Published: January 2025

Heat Shock Factor 1 (HSF1) is a major transcriptional factor regulating the heat shock response and has become a potential target for overcoming cancer chemoresistance. This review comprehensively examines HSF1’s role in chemoresistance and its potential as a therapeutic target in cancer. We explore the complex, intricate mechanism that regulates the activation of HSF1, HSF1’s function in promoting resistance to chemotherapy, and the strategies used to manipulate HSF1 for therapeutic benefit. In addition, we discuss emerging research implicating HSF1’s roles in autophagy, apoptosis, DNA damage repair, drug efflux, and thus chemoresistance. This article highlights the significance of HSF1 in cancer chemoresistance and its potential as a target for enhancing cancer treatment efficacy.
The quagga mussel, Dreissena rostriformis: a novel model for EcoEvoDevo, environmental research, and the applied sciences
Authors: Wanninger Andreas , Schwarze Gudrun
Published: January 2025

Bivalve mollusks are globally distributed in marine and freshwater habitats. While exhibiting a relatively uniform bodyplan that is characterized by their eponymous bivalved shell that houses the soft-bodied animal, many lineages have acquired unique morphological, physiological, and molecular innovations that account for their high adaptability to the various properties of aquatic environments such as salinity, flow conditions, or substrate composition. This renders them ideal candidates for studies into the evolutionary trajectories that have resulted in their diversity, but also makes them important players for research concerned with climate change-induced warming and acidification of aquatic habitats. Some species, such as the blue and Mediterranean as well as the zebra and quagga mussels, form biodegradable fibers, the byssus threads. These have significant potential for biomimetic approaches by aiding in developing sustainable textiles and other fiber-based fabrics. Despite this broad span of scientific relevance, bivalves remain dramatically understudied and key resources such as high-quality genomes and developmental transcriptomes in combination with established laboratory protocols to carry out state-of-the-art molecular and morphological studies are only available for less than a handful of species. Here, we report on one of the best-investigated bivalves in this respect, the quagga mussel, Dreissena rostriformis, an invasive freshwater species. We summarize the current state of knowledge and available resources that make the quagga mussel highly amenable for studying adaptive mechanisms for life in hypoosmotic environments, biomineralization, biomimetics, and evolutionary developmental biology. We argue that the unique combination of biological features and the broad relevance of the quagga mussel for the basic and the applied sciences as well as for biomonitoring and conservation biology measures call for intensified research efforts using Dreissena rostriformis as a model.
The efficacy and safety of indobufen in patients with ischemic cardiovascular or cerebrovascular diseases: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Luo Xiaolu , Lai Chenglu , Chen Tielong
Published: January 2025

Objective

This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of indobufen in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, and thromboembolic disorders. The primary focus is on the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), thrombosis, bleeding events, and adverse reactions. The results are intended to provide a reference for the clinical application of indobufen and suggest directions for further large-scale, multi-center, prospective studies.

Methods

This review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library databases to identify all relevant studies on indobufen. Twelve trials, all randomized controlled trials (RCTs), met the inclusion criteria. The results were presented as risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI), and meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 and Stata 18.0 software.

Results

The meta-analysis included 12 randomized controlled trials. Regarding safety, indobufen showed superior clinical outcomes compared to other antiplatelet agents regarding bleeding events, gastrointestinal adverse reactions, and overall adverse reactions, with these differences being more pronounced in cardiovascular diseases. However, the effects of both treatments on efficacy outcomes, including MACE, myocardial infarction, angina, mortality, and thrombotic events, were similar. For stroke events, particularly in patients with cerebrovascular diseases, the use of indobufen was associated with some risk.

Conclusion

Indobufen is associated with a lower risk of adverse reactions and bleeding, making it a viable option for patients at risk of bleeding or adverse effects, particularly in those with cardiovascular diseases. However, compared to anticoagulants such as aspirin and clopidogrel, indobufen has a shorter history of use, and its evidence base is relatively limited, highlighting the need for further research. Currently, indobufen is widely used in secondary cardiovascular and cerebrovascular prevention and provides some guidance for antiplatelet therapy in patients with gastrointestinal discomfort or bleeding risk. However, due to the potential risks in MACE, stroke, and other events, further clinical trials are needed to assess the clinical applicability of indobufen.

Systematic Review Registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/, identifier (CRD42024587938).
Antibiotic-mediated dysbiosis leads to activation of inflammatory pathways
Authors: Taitz Jemma J. , Tan Jian , Ni Duan , Potier-Villette Camille , Grau Georges , Nanan Ralph , Macia Laurence
Published: January 2025

Introduction

The gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in influencing host health, through the production of metabolites and other key signalling molecules. While the impact of specific metabolites or taxa on host cells is well-documented, the broader impact of a disrupted microbiota on immune homeostasis is less understood, which is particularly important in the context of the increasing overuse of antibiotics.

Methods

Female C57BL/6 mice were gavaged twice daily for four weeks with Vancomycin, Polymyxin B, or PBS (control). Caecal microbiota composition was assessed via 16S rRNA sequencing and caecal metabolites were quantified with NMR spectroscopy. Immune profiles of spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) were assessed by flow cytometry, and splenocytes assessed for ex vivo cytokine production. A generalised additive model approach was used to examine the relationship between global antibiotic consumption and IBD incidence.

Results

Antibiotics significantly altered gut microbiota composition, reducing alpha-diversity. Acetate and butyrate were significantly reduced in antibiotic groups, while propionate and succinate increased in Vancomycin and PmB-treated mice, respectively. The MLNs and spleen showed changes only to DC numbers. Splenocytes from antibiotic-treated mice stimulated ex vivo exhibited increased production of TNF. Epidemiological analysis revealed a positive correlation between global antibiotic consumption and IBD incidence.

Discussion

Our findings demonstrate that antibiotic-mediated dysbiosis results in significantly altered short-chain fatty acid levels but immune homeostasis in spleen and MLNs at steady state is mostly preserved. Non-specific activation of splenocytes ex vivo, however, revealed mice with perturbed microbiota had significantly elevated production of TNF. Thus, this highlights antibiotic-mediated disruption of the gut microbiota may program the host towards dysregulated immune responses, predisposing to the development of TNF-associated autoimmune or chronic inflammatory disease.
Blood leukocyte-based clusters in patients with traumatic brain injury
Authors: Wang Ruoran , Xu Jianguo , He Min
Published: January 2025

Background

Leukocytes play an important role in inflammatory response after a traumatic brain injury (TBI). We designed this study to identify TBI phenotypes by clustering blood levels of various leukocytes.

Methods

TBI patients from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-III (MIMIC-III) database were included. Blood levels of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, basophils, and eosinophils were collected by analyzing the first blood sample within 24 h since admission. Overall, TBI patients were divided into clusters following the K-means clustering method using blood levels of five types of leukocytes. The correlation between identified clusters and mortality was tested by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to verify the survival difference between identified TBI clusters.

Results

A total of 172 (cluster 1), 791 (cluster 2), and 636 (cluster 3) TBI patients were divided into three clusters with the following percentages, 10.8%, 49.5%, and 39.8%, respectively. Cluster 1 had the lowest Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and the highest Injury Severity Score (ISS) while cluster 2 had the highest GCS and the lowest ISS. The mortality rates of the three clusters were 25.6%, 13.3%, and 18.1%, respectively. The multivariate logistic regression indicated that cluster 1 had a higher mortality risk (OR = 2.211, p = 0.003) than cluster 2, while cluster 3 did not show a significantly higher mortality risk than cluster 2 (OR = 1.285, p = 0.163). Kapan–Meier analysis showed that cluster 1 had shorter survival than cluster 2 and cluster 3.

Conclusion

Three TBI phenotypes with different inflammatory statuses and mortality rates were identified based on blood levels of leukocytes. This classification is helpful for physicians to evaluate the prognosis of TBI patients.
Spatial distribution-based progression of spinal cord injury pathology: a key role for neuroimmune cells
Authors: Li Jian , Zhai Xiaolei , Yu Chaochun
Published: January 2025

An external trauma, illness, or other pathological cause can harm the structure and function of the spinal cord, resulting in a significant neurological disorder known as spinal cord injury (SCI). In addition to impairing movement and sensory functions, spinal cord injury (SCI) triggers complex pathophysiological responses, with the spatial dynamics of immune cells playing a key role. The inflammatory response and subsequent healing processes following SCI are profoundly influenced by the spatial distribution and movement of immune cells. Despite significant advances in both scientific and clinical research, SCI therapy still faces several challenges. These challenges primarily stem from our limited understanding of the spatial dynamics of immune cell distribution and the processes that regulate their interactions within the microenvironment following injury. Therefore, a comprehensive investigation into the spatial dynamics of immune cells following SCI is essential to uncover their mechanisms in neuroinflammation and repair, and to develop novel therapeutic strategies.
Subtype-specific human endogenous retrovirus K102 envelope protein is a novel serum immunosuppressive biomarker of cancer
Authors: Gong Qinyuan , Xu Rongzhen
Published: January 2025

Immune dysfunction is one of the hallmarks of cancer and plays critical roles in immunotherapy resistance, but there is no serum biomarker that can be used to evaluate immune-dysfunction status of cancer patients. Here, we identified subtype-specific human endogenous retrovirus K102 envelope (HERV-K102-Env) with immunosuppressive activity in circulating blood as a novel serum immunosuppressive biomarker of cancer. We first generated monoclonal antibodies against K102-Env with high sensitivity and specificity, and we developed an ELISA assay to detect serum K102-Env. We then investigated whether K102-Env and K108-Env proteins are present in circulating blood of cancer patients. We found K108-Env proteins were present in serum of both patients with cancer and healthy individuals. In contrast, K102-Env markedly increased in patients with PDAC, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) compared with healthy controls. The positive rates of K102-Env were 34.00%, 39%, and 28.0% in PDAC, HCC, and NSCLC, respectively, whereas only 5.0% of healthy individuals had marginally increased K102-Env. In the sera of PDAC patients, K102-Env was 36.63-fold higher than that of healthy controls. K102-Env significantly upregulated PD-1/PD-L1 and c-Myc expression levels of T cells. Importantly, serum K102-Env levels correlated well with advanced cancers and tumor biomarkers CA19-9 and AFP. These findings indicate that circulating K102-Env protein is a novel serum biomarker for evaluating immunosuppressive status and disease stage of patients with cancer.
Characteristics, source analysis, and risk assessment of organochlorine pesticide contamination in nearshore surface sediments of a tropical tourist island
Authors: Wang Hongbing , Zhang Lin , Yang Feng , Yan Li , Lin Cong , Shen Cheng
Published: January 2025

Surface sediment samples were collected from the surrounding waters of the two largest tourist islands in Sanya, China, to compare and evaluate the sources, distribution, and ecological risks of 21 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs). The total concentration of OCPs ranged from 1.35 to 5.0 ng/g. Among the OCPs, ΣDDTs accounted for the largest proportion, followed by ΣHCHs. The concentrations of HCHs and DDTs from the west side of West Island were significantly higher than those from the east side, and fine-grained sediments exhibited a stronger adsorption effect on OCPs. Source analysis indicated that the area experienced new inputs of HCH pollutants, while historical residues of HCHs remained high. Residual OCPs are still widely present in the environment, transported mainly by river runoff, with a smaller portion originating from atmospheric deposition and ship paints. Ecological risk assessment results showed that factors occasionally causing adverse biological effects include Heptachlor epoxide, 4,4'-DDE, ΣDDT, Dieldrin, Endrin, and γ-HCH, while other factors rarely caused negative biological effects. Potential ecological effect evaluations indicated that stations SY03, SY04, SY06, and SY09 were classified as having moderate ecological effect levels, while other stations were classified as having no ecological effects. Strengthened investigation, monitoring, and control of pollutant sources in ecologically impacted areas are necessary. This study fills a data gap for the region and provides an academic foundation for environmental protection and the sustainable development of tourism resources.
Assessment of heart rate deceleration capacity, heart rate deceleration runs, heart rate acceleration capacity, and lipoprotein-related phospholipase A2 as predictors in individuals with dementia
Authors: Wang Yaping , Liu Mingyan , Liu Yaping , Tang Xiaowei , Tang Xiangming
Published: January 2025

Background

Autonomic dysfunction plays an essential role in dementia, however, it is not known whether electrocardiogram autonomic dysfunction-related indicators are associated with the severity of dementia. In this study, we attempted to investigate whether these indicators are correlated in patients with vascular dementia and Alzheimer’s disease compared with normal health individuals. For this purpose, we measured and analyzed the predictive value of heart rate deceleration capacity (DC), heart rate deceleration runs (DRs), heart rate acceleration capacity (AC) along with the plasma levels of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2).

Methods

We compared 83 dementia cases including 41 vascular dementia (VD), 42 Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients with 42 elderly health controls. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores, DC, DRs, AC, and Lp-PLA2 levels were comprehensively evaluated.

Results

Our studies showed that DC and DRs in VD and AD groups were significantly lower than those in controls, while AC values were significantly higher. Furthermore, the risk stratification (high- and moderate-) of DC, DRs, and AC in VD and AD groups was increased, while the low-risk was simultaneously decreased. In addition, DC and DRs were positively while AC and Lp-PLA2 were negatively correlated with MMSE scores. Logistic regression analysis indicated that DC, DRs, AC, and Lp-PLA2 were associated with dementia. Moreover, the areas under the ROC curves showed that the combination of five variables and AC + Lp-PLA2 were 0.970 (95% CI, 0.923–0.992) and 0.940 (95% CI, 0.882–0.974) were larger than each single indicator alone.

Conclusion

Distinctive alterations in dynamic electrocardiogram-related indicators reveal a decline in autonomic nervous functions among individuals with dementia. By incorporating comprehensive analyses of DC, DRs, AC, and Lp-PLA2 values, the specificity and sensitivity of dementia diagnosis can be significantly enhanced.
Effects of salt stress on plant and rhizosphere bacterial communities, interaction patterns, and functions
Authors: Fu Maoxing , Liu Liying , Fu Bingzhe , Hou Meiling , Xiao Yanzi , Liu Yinghao , Sa Duowen , Lu Qiang
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Salt stress significantly affects plant growth, and Na+ has gained attention for its potential to enhance plant adaptability to saline conditions. However, the interactions between Na+, plants, and rhizosphere bacterial communities remain unclear, hindering a deeper understanding of how Na+ contributes to plant resilience under salt stress.

Methods

This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms through which Na+ promotes alfalfa's adaptation to salt stress by modifying rhizosphere bacterial communities. We examined the metabolic activity and community composition of both plant and rhizosphere bacteria under Na+ treatment.

Results and discussion

Our results revealed significant changes in the metabolism and community composition of both plant and rhizosphere bacteria following Na+ addition. Na+ not only promoted the growth of rhizosphere bacteria but also induced shifts in the plant-associated bacterial community, increasing the abundance of bacterial species linked to alfalfa's resistance to salt stress. Furthermore, the chemical characteristics of alfalfa were strongly correlated with the composition and network complexity of both plant and rhizosphere bacterial communities. These interactions suggest that Na+ plays a crucial role in enhancing alfalfa’s adaptability to salt stress by fostering beneficial bacterial communities in the rhizosphere. This finding highlights the potential of leveraging Na+ interactions with plant-microbe systems to improve crop resilience and productivity in saline agricultural environments.
Stress, perceived competence and guilt as predictors of depression in parents with chronic pain
Authors: Muñoz-Peña Irene J. , González-Gutiérrez José L. , Yunta-Rua Laura , Pacho-Hernández Juan C. , López-López Almudena
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Suffering from chronic pain (CP) and coping with parenthood can be challenging for parental mental health. Pain can hinder the ability to deal with demands related to parenthood, which can negatively affect their psychological well-being because of unmet caregiving expectations.

Methods

Considering the limited amount of research regarding the mental health of parents with CP, the study’s main aim was to test a predictive model based on previous scientific literature, using structural equation analysis, in which parental competence and parental guilt partially mediate the relationship between parental stress and depression. To examine the moderating role of CP, the model was tested on a group of parents with CP and a control group of parents without CP. The study included 380 parents from all over Spain, of which 200 formed the group with CP and 180 participants formed the control group. A cross-sectional design was used to collect data through self-report measures.

Results

Higher levels of stress, guilt, and depression were observed in parents with CP. Based on the results, both groups of parents showed a good fit with the predictive model; parental stress was a good predictor of symptoms of depression both in parents with and without CP, parental competence mediated the relationship between parental stress and depression, being the relationship between competence and depression partially mediated by parental guilt.

Discussion

This study is the first to quantitatively examine parental competence and guilt in parents with CP, and to analyze their role as mediators between parental stress and depression in both CP and healthy parents. The results confirm previous qualitative findings and extend them to parents with CP, showing that the tested model aligns with the main theories on stress, self-efficacy, and depression, as well as existing literature on CP. These results suggest the relevance of addressing parental stress levels for reducing and preventing depressive symptoms in parents with CP and the importance of working on guilt reduction and enhancing competence in order to improve the emotional well-being of parents. The need to take into account the mental health of parents with CP to improve their quality of life is discussed.
Revisiting governmentality in surf tourism governance: a diverse ecologies approach
Authors: Ruttenberg Tara , Brosius J. Peter
Published: January 2025

Emergent discussions on governmentality in surf tourism scholarship apply a traditional Foucauldian perspective to analyze governance models in surf tourism destinations. Understanding governmentality as an “art of governance” creating and influencing human behavior, a handful of scholarly discussions have thus far engaged with Foucault's fourfold categories of neoliberal, sovereign, disciplinary, and (to a much lesser extent) truth governmentalities to interpret surf tourism governance in select locations. Importantly, this nascent thread of surf tourism research has yet to contend with Fletcher's novel framing of multiple governmentalities, which builds on Foucault's original categories and offers communal governmentality as a fifth category. Applying an anti-essentialist approach to the analysis of existing surf tourism governmentality literature, we identify diversity in surfscape governance approaches as an avenue for visibilizing communally self-determined futures in surfing destinations. We map multiple governmentalities as discussed in the literature across the five categories of “art of governance” philosophies and their associated governance principles, policies and subjectivities. The theoretical and empirical implications of a multiple governmentalities approach to surf tourism research can support and strengthen emancipatory community-based surfscape governance models challenging neoliberalism beyond otherwise essentializing frames.
Clinical outcomes of COVID-19 infection in liver transplant recipients based on vaccination status
Authors: Polamraju Vinathi , Vachharajani Neeta , Gage Brian F. , Crippin Jeffrey S. , Chapman William C.
Published: January 2025

Background

COVID-19 disease burden has been mitigated by vaccination; however, concerns persist regarding weakened immune responses in liver transplant (LT) recipients. This study investigates COVID-19 outcomes in LT recipients based on vaccination status.

Methods

This single-center retrospective study identified LT recipients with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 infection from 03/01/2020 to 07/31/2023. Logistic regression analyses were conducted, adjusting for age, race, co-morbidities, number of immunosuppressive agents, and infection date.

Results

Of 1,787 registered LT recipients, 361 had confirmed COVID-19 infection. Of those, 136 were unvaccinated and 225 were vaccinated. 13% had 1 vaccine dose, 31% had 2 vaccine doses, and 56% had 3 vaccine doses prior to infection. Logistic regression found higher mortality (p = 0.001) and hospitalization (p = 0.016) rates for older recipients, while those with 3 or more vaccine doses had lower mortality (p = 0.039) and hospitalization (p = 0.008) rates. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) increased risk of hospitalization (p < 0.001). Adjusting for the date when the Omicron variant became locally predominant, the protective effect from 3 or more vaccine doses declined to an OR (95% CI) of 0.58 (0.15–2.23), p = 0.39.

Conclusions

Three or more COVID-19 vaccine doses could decrease mortality for LT recipients, particularly older recipients and those with CKD. These individuals may benefit from vaccination and other interventions.