bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ó Musa, agora as causas: uma leitura da invocação da Eneida
Authors: Thamos Márcio
Published: December 2023

O texto traz uma análise dos quatro versos do épico virgiliano que correspondem à invocação à musa, os hexâmetros de 8 a 11. Nessa análise, procura-se dar relevo a determinados aspectos do discurso que se configuram como recursos de expressão. Destaca-se principalmente a famosa questão da pietas de Enéias, num esforço de redefini-la em outras bases, a partir de um ponto de vista essencialmente diverso daquele adotado pela tradição e, em seguida, apresenta-se um efeito relevante de menção sub-reptícia ao nome do varão que se pode perceber no último verso desse trecho da epopéia.
A ideia de “harém” na Assiriologia e nos Estudos Aquemênidas
Authors: Treuk Medeiros de Araujo Matheus
Published: December 2023

Devido à possibilidade de reis próximo-orientais terem diversas esposas e concubinas, muitos historiadores projetam acriticamente a noção islâmica de “harém” sobre as realidades do Antigo Oriente Próximo. No entanto, em razão de anacronismos, da carga orientalista do termo e de pressupostos equivocados quanto à homogeneidade da categoria de “mulheres palacianas”, tal prática foi alvo de severas críticas. A proposta desse artigo é demonstrar como discussões teóricas muito parecidas quanto ao “harém” e à segregação feminina se desenvolveram na Assiriologia (com foco no caso do Império Neoassírio) e nos Estudos Aquemênidas, por vezes com resultados distintos. Argumenta-se que, em razão de sua continuidade na longa duração, os Impérios Neoassírio e Aquemênida devem ser estudados de forma comparativa, e que suas respectivas áreas de estudo têm muito a ganhar com um olhar diacrônico sobre a questão das mulheres reais.nder Studies; Assyriology; Achaemenids.
Filósofos e Assassinos
Authors: Troca Pereira Reina Marisol
Published: December 2023

The late Hellenic pseudograph here translated in Portuguese is attributed to Chion of Heraclea. It denotes his maturing path through the evolution of values based on philosophical studies arranged in favor of the community. Subjugated by Clearchus, the locality becomes the object of liberation by the young aristocrat who, along with other conspirators, altruistically gives up a comfortable life and even his own existence. Due to unknown authorship, dating and purposes of that epistolographic novel, as well as the existence of various inconsistencies, anachronisms and historical errors, an ethical doubt gains consistency: after all, can a murder be heroic and praiseworthy?
MORALES, Helen. Presença de Antígona: o poder subversivo dos mitos. Rio de Janeiro: Editora Rocco, 2021, 192 p. ISBN: 978-65-5532-097-8
Authors: Gárbero Maria Fernanda
Published: December 2023

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Apresentação
Authors: Alvarez Beethoven , Cazarini Renata
Published: December 2023

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Clássicos no fundo das minas
Authors: Stead Henry , Alvarez Beethoven , Fortunato Heloize , Silva Bruna Castro da , Lopes Pedro
Published: December 2023

Over the course of this text we shall visit several sites of interaction between mineworkers and the ancient Greek and Roman classics. Beyond simply attesting to their existence, assessment of these interactions will cast some light on Graeco-Roman antiquity’s curious appeal to the mineworker of the period. But first I should contextualize this somewhat niche line of inquiry. The research into miner classics was undertaken when working with Edith Hall on her AHRC-funded project ‘Classics and Class in Britain 1789-1939’. The project was designed ‘to provoke a shift in the perception of the history of British classics, away from a conservative tradition of institutionalized elitism towards a brighter history of broadly inclusive cultural practice and inspired creativity’ (Stead; Hall, 2015, p. 19).
Governance policies in sports federations. A comparison according to their size
Authors: Solanellas Francesc , Muñoz Joshua , Genovard Francesc , Petchamé Josep
Published: December 2023

Recent failures in the administration of sports federations have led individuals, institutions, and researchers in the field of sports to become increasingly concerned with questions of appropriate forms of governance. This paper provides a snapshot of the characteristics of the governance of Catalan sports federations by analysing key issues such as the composition of governing and executive bodies, the conservatism of presidents, participation and democratization in decision-making processes, and accountability orientation. The research was carried out based on content analysis and the operationalization of a questionnaire specific to the purpose of the research. The results point to some particularities, differences, and correlations between the size (and resources) of sports federations and their governance profile. Empirical evidence is presented on the lack of stakeholder participation in decision-making processes and mechanisms for management control and monitoring. Results identified a lack of accountability orientation and levels of transparency. Few organisations reported having created documents such as a governance code, or risk management manuals, and a low percentage of organisations were concerned about making them publicly available. The results support recent calls for good governance in sport by highlighting key areas for improvement. Authors believe that this contribution can serve as a framework for scholars to investigate other contexts.
Impacts of fighting against COVID-19 on critical care nurses’ psychological and physical health: a literature review
Authors: Malairojsiri Arisara
Published: December 2023

Objective

To provide insight into the effects of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on the physical and psychological health of critical care nurses in adult units.

Methods

A systematic search through the CINAHL, MEDLINE, and EMbase databases were performed. Studies that addressed “critical care nurses,” “COVID-19,” “physical effect,” and “psychological effect” from different perspectives were reviewed.

Results

A total of 42 articles were reviewed based on 2 aspects: critical care nurses’ psychological and physical health. Negative emotions were the most common conditions: fear, anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Burnout, falling ill and having thoughts of self-harm, fatigue, physical burden, sleeping disorders, and chronic work overload also adversely affected the nurses’ health. The nurses’ health deteriorated because of the changes in the unfamiliar working environment and processes, colossal workload and chronic exhaustion, worries about themselves and their families, social response, and witnessing the death toll.

Conclusions

Critical care nurses experienced adverse effects of the institutional reaction, social response, and individuals’ reply to the COVID-19 pandemic upon their psychological and physical health. Supporting services and preparation for other unprecedented situations should be sustainably available.
Investigating adverse events in long-term care facilities: a systematized review
Authors: Kohanová Dominika , Lepiešová Martina , Bartoníčková Daniela , Faťun Pavol , Žiaková Katarína
Published: December 2023

Objective

This systematized review aimed to synthesize the results of empirical studies focused on the types and factors of adverse events (AEs) that contribute to them in long-term care (LTC) settings.

Methods

The search was conducted in ProQuest, Scopus, and PubMed in January 2021 and resulted in 1057 records. The content analysis method was used in the data analysis.

Results

In all, 35 studies were identified as relevant for the review. The analysis revealed 133 different types of AEs and 60 factors that contributed to them.

Conclusions

In LTC, various AEs occur, most of which are preventable, while many factors that influence their occurrence could be significantly modifiable. Through an effective analysis of AEs in LTC, it is possible to minimize their occurrence and, at the same time, minimize their negative impact on all parties concerned.
Efficiency of urban development: gaps in continental profile
Authors: Maricuț Alin , Grădinaru Giani-Ionel , Marin Erika , Vasile Valentina
Published: December 2023

International authorities such as the European Commission and the United Nations pay special attention to sustainable urban development, for this purpose, strategies such as the European Green Deal or the Sustainable Development Strategy 2030 agenda, SDG 11 Sustainable cities and communities are developed. Urban development represents a fundamental direction in the transition process towards the green economy, a sustainable economic model. The paper aims to identify the degree of efficiency of economic development in the context of sustainable development for 41 cities in Romania, Germany, Japan, United States of America and Australia. To achieve this objective, the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method is used, with the aim of identifying the gaps regarding the sustainability of the analyzed cities. Data Envelopment Analysis allows the evaluation of the efficiency of urban settlements in the sample based on representative variables, selected as input. So, the research is ready to give answer to question like “What are the efficient cities in terms of sustainability?” and “What are the relationships between the cities included in the sample?”. The main results showed that there are cities that have a model of sustainable economic development, but certain cities present significant gaps from the point of view of efficient sustainable economic development. In addition, port cities seem to develop an association relationship, with inefficient port cities being associated with efficient port cities.
Digital transformation toward sustainable development in Vietnamese small and medium enterprises
Authors: Sang Tang My
Published: December 2023

Digital transformation is not just a fad, it is also a significant opportunity for businesses to streamline processes, provide customers with value, and boost productivity. The research was conducted to understand the impact of digital transformation on the firm performance of Vietnamese small and medium enterprises. The number of survey samples is 930 and the SEM method is used to process data using SmartPLS 4.0 software. Research results show that digital transformation has a positive impact on business performance. The research results also confirm the mediating role of digital innovation and the moderating role of CSR for customers. This study clarifies the connection between digital information and firm performance in Vietnamese small and medium-sized enterprises, diversifying the results of business performance analysis. Additionally, businesses can use the research findings as a springboard to develop strategies for deploying digital activities that contribute to sustainable development.
IlliberalNeo-Intergovernmentalism: Poland’s Conservative Idea for the European Union?
Authors: Tosiek Piotr
Published: December 2023

The aim of this article is to propose the term ‘illiberal neo-intergovernmentalism’ (IN) to describe and explain Poland’s EU concept promoted by the government and some scholars after 2015. The methodology, based on decision, factor and comparative analyses, is of qualitative nature. The main idea is the assumption that Polish vision can be treated as a concept contributing to theory building. The research question relates to the positioning of the Polish concept against the background of other approaches: due to its significant distance from the functionalist trend, a connection with the intergovernmentalist theories is assumed. Two hypotheses are presented, and their verification shows that the main weakness of the Polish concept is the lack of paradigmatic rooting. The ‘Eurorealist’ illiberal neo-intergovernmentalism has not been created as a result of the evolutionary development of well-founded views typical of the intergovernmental trend and seems to disregard all previous theoretical achievements. Referring to realism alone, without defining the continuity of thought, is not enough to recognise the concept as a realist one. Therefore, this vision does not have explanatory values, while its normative character is the result of the adoption of Eurosceptic and ultraconservative ideology.
The Current State of Nuclear Nephrology in Modern Medicine
Authors: Miladinova Daniela , Makazlieva Tanja , Peshevska Aleksandra , Rambabova-Bushljetik Irena , Poposka Daniela , Majstorov Venjamin , Spasovski Goce
Published: December 2023

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the most reliable parameter of renal function. Regarding the complexity of the gold standard inulin clearance, different estimating equations have been developed with CKD-EPI creatinine equation recommended as the most reliable one. In some clinical situations where creatinine based equations might not be valid, alternative methods are needed. Nuclear medicine methods for measuring GFR with 51Cr EDTA and 99mTc DTPA have been widely used for decades. There are different methodologies for the measurement of kidney function with radiopharmaceuticals: urinary clearance, plasma clearance, multiple plasma sampling, slope intercept, single sample plasma equation, slope only, and the gamma camera-based method. Greater precision of measuring GFR is needed in certain clinical situations. The most common are diagnosis and follow up of chronic kidney disease and definition of the beginning of replacement therapy. The assessment of renal function is also important for potential kidney donors. In recent years, with the introduction of new chemotherapeutic drugs and targeted therapy, oncologic patients treated with nephrotoxic drugs have become more commonly referred for measuring GFR. The monitoring of renal function is important during treatment in order to detect the transformation from reversible acute kidney injury to irreversible chronic kidney disease as well as in the cases of renal insufficiency reduce the dosage and prevent accumulation of the drug and avoid dosage related toxic effects. Assessment of kidney function using measured mGFR will be an important milestone in the creation of more accurate and expanding personalized medicine principle in current onconephrology practice.
Bibliometric Analysis of the Climate Change Impact on Energy Systems
Authors: Kostevica Valerija , Dzikevics Mikelis
Published: December 2023

It is well known that energy systems are one of the causes of climate change, but it is less studied how climate change impacts energy systems. Due to rapid changes in climate, it is important to understand how to operate energy systems and what adaptation methods should be used for different energy systems. The main aim of this paper is to compare content and trends in scientific literature. The bibliometric method is used to analyse the scientific literature on a specific topic from the SCOPUS database. This article analyses the trend of publication, the main topics of the studies, and possible research gaps. Results show that in recent years, the number of publications on climate change impact on energy systems has rapidly increased. Also, in the last year, there has been a trend for studies that look into machine learning, weather modelling in the context of energy systems adaptation, and efficiency improvement.
Knowledge and awareness of diabetic foot ulcers among patients with diabetes in the Al-Baha region, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Asiri Mohammed , Alghamdi Mohammed , Alghamdi Abdullah , Abdullah Alzahrani , Alghamdi Mohammed
Published: December 2023

Objective:
This study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practice of diabetic foot care among patients with diabetes in Baha, Saudi Arabia
Methods:
This cross-sectional was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire that included questions on demographic data, knowledge, attitude, and practice towards diabetic foot care.
Results:
The study found that half of the participants had inadequate knowledge about diabetic foot care. Only 64.7% participants had a positive attitude and practice towards diabetic foot care. There was a significant association between knowledge and attitude and practice (p
PAPEL DO CIRURGIÃO-DENTISTA EM VISITAS DOMICILIARES NA ESTRATÉGIA SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA (ESF)
Authors: Costa Gabriele Franco , Ribeiro Jaqueline Fulan , Tognetti Valdineia Maria , Araujo Erika Michele dos Santos
Published: December 2023

A inserção da Estratégia de saúde bucal (ESB) na Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF) focou no processo de reorientação das relações de como são realizados os trabalhos. Foi observado a necessidade da equipe de trabalho se manter em contato com os pacientes e abranger a demanda dos atendimentos solicitados. Os parâmetros que estruturam o trabalho da ESB são os mesmos que regem o funcionamento da ESF, sendo eles a universalidade, integralidade, trabalho em equipe e equidade. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi elaborar uma pesquisa que identifique e demonstre quais as principais dificuldades encontradas nos atendimentos odontológicos nas visitas domiciliares ligadas a Estratégia Saúde da Família e quais as implicações mais evidentes atualmente dentro do SUS. Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura, onde inicialmente foi feita uma busca de trabalhos acadêmicos e posteriormente foi realizada a coleta de dados referentes ao tema.  Não foi publicado um grande volume de trabalhos sobre o tema, houve certa dificuldade em encontrar artigos, teses ou outros materiais que abordassem o papel do cirurgião-dentista na ESF ou do desempenho da ESB nas UBSs. Por fim, pode-se dizer que são necessários mais estudos que abordem mais profundamente as problemáticas e os desafios especificamente no caso da ESB na atenção domiciliar (AD) e visita domiciliar (VD) na ESF, a fim de acompanhar a progressão, direcionar a priorização e sistematização das ações podendo contribuir para a organização das práticas de saúde bucal na ESF.
ESTUDO DA CINÉTICA DA PIRÓLISE DA MADEIRA DE EUCALIPTO RESIDUAL DA PRODUÇÃO DE PAPEL
Authors: Doricci Guilherme Carolina , Aparecida da Silva Raimundo Graziele , D'Amelio Monica Tais Siqueira
Published: December 2023

O uso de fontes de energia mais limpa e/ou renovável, tem sido cada vez mais procurado na atualidade. Ademais, as indústrias buscam melhor destino e valor agregado aos seus resíduos. Sob essa ótica, esse projeto, objetiva estudar a cinética da pirólise da madeira residual da produção de papel. Sendo uma forma de biomassa lignocelulósica, é um bom material para o processo de pirólise e obtenção de energia, que pode ser reaproveitada dentro da própria indústria. Neste contexto, realizou-se um estudo da umidade, bem como a realização de Análise Termogravimétrica na madeira úmida e seca, e em taxas de aquecimento diferentes (20°C/min e 80°C/min), a fim de trazer um comparativo e conhecer parâmetros como Energia de Ativação e Fator pré-exponencial, auxiliando diretamente no estudo da cinética. Além da Análise de Calorimetria Exploratória Diferencial, que possibilita conhecer a variação de entalpia da reação. Esses estudos mostraram que a biomassa úmida consome mais energia térmica para liberar água quando comparada à biomassa seca, o que faz com que o aproveitamento energético dessa última seja mais eficiente. Também pode-se observar que a maior taxa de aquecimento apresenta mais massa residual o que indica maior formação de produto sólido do que de voláteis, fazendo com que a menor taxa de aquecimento seja mais eficiente no aproveitamento energético. Portanto, conclui-se que a pirólise pode ser considerada um bom tratamento térmico, inclusive quando a intenção é realizar um aproveitamento energético a partir dos produtos dessa reação.
Rainwater Harvesting of Some Catchment Areas in Mosul City/ Iraq by Small Dams Construction
Authors: AL-Zakar Shatha H. D. , Alsaidi Mays Ibrahim
Published: December 2023

In semi-arid and arid areas, there is little surface and groundwater. Consequently, efforts are being undertaken to protect and collect rainwater as much as possible. When the rainfall is irregular in arid and semi-arid regions, a large portion of it is lost as surface run-off creating a water shortage that puts people at risk. Water collection is a substitute in these circumstances and is crucial. Water harvesting is the process of collecting rainfall and run-off using various storage structures, such as tiny dams, primarily for human, agricultural, and livestock use. For the construction of storage structures to impound and harvest rain and run-off water, forming surface storage reservoirs, four sites with special hydrological and geomorphologic characteristics have been identified and pointed in the drainage map of the studied areas (Tal-Kaif, Zummar, Al-Shor, and Wadi-Almur). A dam model was created using a Global Mapper and Watershed Modeling System program, WMS. Each reservoir's geometrical dimensions and the overall volume of water held behind each site's dams were measured and computed. The four sites' combined storage capacity for water behind the dams might exceed (75×106) m3. Several dam heights were selected in each basin, and the submerged areas for each height were determined to select the optimal height in each basin, i.e., 11.75, 13.9, 9.8, and 12.3 m.
Copyright Amendment Bill: Contradictions to Hit the South African Education Sector
Authors: Tomaselli Keyan , Pieterse Hetta
Published: December 2023

This article maps the latest developments in South Africa’s complex battle to update its Copyright Amendment Bill across a path strewn with legal pitfalls. Driving the agenda of the American-derived “fair use” and other copyright exceptions at the expense of content creators are the state, under the guise of “access” to education, and Big Tech companies focused on data mining, paraded as users’ rights to content. The emerging Bill has given rise to a set of major contradictions that will directly and negatively impact especially educational book publishing, from primary to tertiary sectors. The updated Bill risks violating authors’ rights and international treaties. The authors identify contradictions in public policy and sketch the most contentious aspects within debates around the Bill. The implications for the national research economy are considered, while the need to adequately protect the copyright of open access content is raised. The article closes with a summary of the issues of “fair use” and fair dealing, the predatory implications, and the outcome of the contradictions for the industry. The relevance of writing about a moving target is because a) the Bill has been in contestation for eight years now; b) universities and the whole educational sector have failed to respond coherently to the threats portended in the Bill; c) the nature of the claims and counter-arguments raised by the Bill will continue well after it has been promulgated; and d) the analysis is alert to  open access imperatives and to the threat of South Africa becoming a haven for servers hosting pirated content should the Bill become law.
The Tax Cooperation Mechanism between China and African Countries and the Avoidance of a Double Taxation Agreement
Authors: Zezhong Zhang , Yue Xu
Published: December 2023

The tax cooperation mechanism between China and African countries has a bearing on the business environment of bilateral economic and trade cooperation. At present, the tax cooperation mechanism between China and African countries has developed rapidly by way of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) and the Belt and Road Initiative (B&R), but it still faces challenges, such as an insufficiency in tax agreements, differences on the agreement content, a lack of trans-regional tax cooperation agreements and support mechanisms to promote tax cooperation and exchange. To improve the China-Africa international business environment, it is necessary to enhance the tax cooperation mechanism between China and African countries, including the speeding up and signing of tax treaties, coordinating and improving the content of the agreements, negotiating a convention of trans-regional tax cooperation, setting up a tax supporting cooperation dialogue mechanism, strengthening the construction of tax capacity and improving the tax dispute settlement mechanism.
Assessment of Predictive Factors for Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer
Authors: Bachheti Yamini , Nautiyal Vipul , Ahmad Mushtaq
Published: December 2023

Objectives

The early identification of breast cancer patients who will not respond to neoadjuvant chemotherapy is valuable for timely change in management strategies. Reliable clinical and pathological markers predictive of response to treatment have considerable potential for practical clinical use. Our longitudinal study aimed to assess clinical, pathological, and immunohistological factors predictive of chemotherapy response.

Material and Methods

Thirty Five patients of breast cancer underwent six cycles of Taxotere, Adriamycin, and Cyclophosphamide (TAC) based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (Docetaxel 75 mg/m2, Doxorubicin 50 mg/m2 or Epirubicin 100 mg/m2 and Cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m2) every three weeks followed by surgery. Histopathological response was assessed after surgery. At a follow up of 12 months, association between factors was tested with Fisher exact test, survival analysis was done with Kaplan Meier analysis and significance was tested by log rank test.

Results

Five patients out of 35 had pathological complete response (pCR). 14.8% of all T4 disease (P = 0.043) and 22.7% of all Estrogen receptor (ER) negative patients had pCR (P = 0.025). Among all patients showing pCR, four patients (80%) had Grade III tumors (P = 0.018) while all five patients had high Ki67 index (P = 0.032). At 12 months, the mean estimated overall survival came out to be 11.6 months. Mean estimated disease free survival was less for patients with pCR (7.2 months) vs. partial response (10.1 months) (P = 0.44).

Conclusion

Our study concluded that tumors with larger size, higher stage, higher grade, ER negativity and higher proliferation index had better response to chemotherapy but these tumors also had a trend towards early relapse.
HUKUM INVESTASI DITINJAU DARI THE PRINCIPLE OF SOVEREIGN EQUALITY
Authors: Erlina Erlina , Idris Zulherman , Suparba Radian
Published: December 2023

The results of the WTO panel's decision were recorded in the DS 592 lawsuit. The final panel report was issued on October 17, 2022, stating that the export policy and the obligation to process and refine nickel minerals in Indonesia proved to violate WTO Article XI provisions. GATT 1994 and cannot be justified by Article XI.2 (a) and XX (d) GATT 1994. The purpose of the provisions of WTO Article XI.1 GATT 1994 states that each WTO member country is prohibited from making restrictions other than tariffs, taxes and other duties , and not other restrictions including quotas and licensing of imports or sales in the framework of export. There are two consequences that will be faced by Indonesia, including having to pay losses to the European Union (EU) as the plaintiff arising from the nickel export ban. Second, facing retaliation from the European Union's ban on other Indonesian commodities or in fiscal prohibition instruments. Problems in the field of capital loading are related to demands and threats to the principle of equality of sovereignty against investors who are treated differently, amid demands to make as much profit as possible. The principle can be a way out for investors to withdraw from investing in arbitration or court courts, so that Indonesia will suffer losses. Thus, it is necessary to explain the concept to understand the principle of sovereign equality and its influence in Indonesian laws and regulations in the field of capital protection, so as to provide a clear picture of the treatment of investors.
Strategi Peningkatan Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Program Kang Pisman Di Kota Bandung
Authors: Sitompul Danil Julio , Laksmono Bambang Shergi
Published: December 2023

Community participation is an integrated part of collaborative governance. With collaborative governance, it can increase community participation in regional development and realize social welfare. The waste problem in the city of Bandung is caused by the low level of community participation in reducing waste in households and in the informal sector. So, a strategy is needed to increase community participation in the Kang Pisman program in Bandung City to increase public awareness in managing waste. The aim of this research is to see the strategy for increasing community participation in the Kang Pisman program in the city of Bandung by looking at 4 strategies through collaborative governance, community development, circular economy and digital-based governance approaches through waste processing. The research method used is qualitative with a descriptive research type as stated by Newman (2016). The results of this research indicate that the Strategy for Increasing Community Participation in the Kang Pisman program in Bandung City is going well. The strategy to increase community participation is not only influenced by the policies of the Kang Pisman program which uses a community development approach, but there are also triggering factors from the circular economy, increasing collaborative governance and socialization using digital.
The Role of Protons in and Around Biradicals for Cross-Effect Dynamic Nuclear Polarization
Authors: Chatterjee Satyaki , Venkatesh Amrit , Sigurdsson Snorri Thor , Mentink-Vigier Frederic
Published: December 2023

In magic angle spinning dynamic nuclear polarization, biradicals such as bis-nitroxides are used to hyperpolarize protons under microwave irradiation through the cross-effect mechanism. This mechanism relies on electron-electron spin interactions (dipolar coupling and exchange interaction) and electron to nuclear spin interactions (hyperfine coupling) to hyperpolarize the protons surrounding the biradical. This hyperpolarization is then transferred to the bulk sample via nuclear spin diffusion. However, the involvement of the protons in the biradical in the cross-effect DNP process has been under debate. In this work, we address this question by exploring the hyperpolarization pathways in and around bis-nitroxides. We demonstrate that for biradicals with strong electron-electron interactions, as in the case of the AsymPols, the protons on the biradical may not be necessary to quickly generate hyperpolarization. Instead, such biradicals can efficiently, and directly, polarize the surrounding protons of the solvent. The findings should impact the design of the next generation of biradicals..
A red-shifted donor-acceptor hemicyanine-based probe for mitochondrial pH in live cells
Authors: Kalim Fouzia , Gandhi Sivaraman , Ramesh Arati , Raja Sufi O. , Gulyani Akash
Published: December 2023

pH dynamically regulates diverse cellular functions and processes. At the Inner Mitochondrial Membrane (IMM), nanoscale pH gradients generated by the Electron Transport Chain (ETC) play a critical role in contributing to mitochondrial membrane potential that drives ATP synthesis and thermogenesis. However, tools to decouple pH gradients from the overall IMM potential in living cells are limited. This study integrates a fluorescent “benzo-indole” chromophore with a pH-sensitive “phenol” moiety into a single covalent skeleton to build a sensitive, red-shifted, cell-permeable pH probe (Mito-pH2). Mito-pH2 localizes inside mitochondria with high specificity presumably to the mitochondrial inner membrane by virtue of being an amphiphilic cation and can report dynamic changes in mitochondrial pH in living cells. Our design ensures that Mito-pH2 exhibits pH-sensitive dual-excitation and dual-emission peaks enabling ratiometric pH-sensing. Further, Mito-pH2 reports an increase in pH in the pH range of 3-9 through a striking colour change from yellow to purple making it a sensitive all-purpose colorimetric pH probe. A combination of DFT calculations and spectroscopy shed light on likely sensing mechanisms including photophysics. Quantitative live-cell fluorescence imaging reveals that Mito-pH2 can detect dynamic changes in mitochondrial pH upon extracellular pH modulation with little or no measurable cytotoxicity during live imaging. Red-emitting Mito-pH2 opens new avenues of quantitative mapping of physiological mitochondrial membrane pH and significantly enhances the repertoire of environment-sensitive and low-toxicity mitochondrial probes that link mitochondrial state and micro-environment.
Studying Cation Exchange in {Cr7Co} Pseudorotaxanes: Preparatory Studies for Making Hybrid Molecular Machines
Authors: Bennett Tom , Geue Niklas , Timco Grigore , Whitehead George , Vitorica-Yrezabal Inigo , Barran Perdita , McInnes Eric , Winpenny Richard
Published: December 2023

In the design of dynamic supramolecular systems used in molecular machines, it is important to understand the binding preferences between the macrocycle and stations along the thread. Here, we apply 1H NMR spectroscopy to investigate the relative stabilities of a series of linear alkylammonium templated pseudorotaxanes with the general formula [H2NRR’][Cr7CoF8(O2CCH2tBu)16] by exchanging the cation in solution. Our results show that the pseudorotaxanes are able to exchange threads via a dissociative mechanism. The position of equilibrium is dependent upon the ammonium cation and solvent used. Short chain primary ammonium cations are shown to be far less favourable macrocycle stations than secondary ammonium cations. Collision-induced dissociation mass spectrometry (CID-MS) has been used to look at disassembly of the pseudorotaxanes in a solvent-free environment and stability trends compared to those in acetone-d6. The energy needed to induce 50% of the precursor ion loss (E50) is used shows a similar trend to the equilibria measured by NMR. Comparing the relative stabilities of these hybrid inorganic-organic pseudo-rotaxanes with host-guest compounds involving crown ethers shows significant differences that may be valuable for the design of molecular machines.
Diverse Amine-Acid Coupling Reactions Modulate the Potency of BRD4 PROTACs
Authors: McGrath Andrew , Huang Haiyan , Brazeau Jean-Francois , Zhang Zirong , Vellore Nadeem A. , Zhu Lu , Shi Zhicai , Venable Jennifer D. , Gelin Christine , Cernak Tim
Published: December 2023

Protein degradation with proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) has emerged as a powerful therapeutic strate-gy. PROTACs are heterobifunctional molecules consisting of a target-binding moiety, a linker and an E3 ligase-binding moiety that are commonly linked together using amide bonds. Although experimentally facile, this bond choice may impart sub-optimal drug properties to the overall PROTAC molecule. Here, we show that a suite of BRD4 PROTAC degraders were prepared via diverse amine-acid couplings beyond the amide bond, where the bromo-domain inhibitor JQ1 carboxylic acid was used as the acid and the E3-derived (Cereblon or Von Hippel Lindau) par-tial PROTACs served as the amine. Four new amine–acid coupling reactions were developed to generate the ester, ketone, alkane, or amine bond connection using miniaturized high-throughput experimentation (HTE). Subtle reac-tion condition effects in nickel and platinum catalyzed couplings on complex molecule substrates were uncovered, and the toolbox of linkage methods to synthesize heterobifunctional degraders was expanded. Calculated physico-chemical properties for these ten diversly linked PROTACs showed a wide range of lipophilicity, polar surface area, and hydrogen bonding characteristics. Ultimately, when these compounds were evaluated for BRD4 degradation, several of them showed improved efficacy. The ester, ketone, and alkane linked degraders outperform the classic amide-linked compound. This study highlights the impact that slight changes to the linkage between the protein of interest (POI) and E3 ligase binders can be used to modulate degradation and drug properties.
Electrophoretic Mobility of Nanoparticles in Water
Authors: Matyushov Dmitry
Published: December 2023

Classical equations for colloidal mobility anticipate linear proportionality between the nanoparticle mobility and zeta potential caused by combined electrostatics of free charges at the nanoparticle and screening bound charges of the polar solvent. Polarization of the interfacial liquid, either spontaneous due to molecular asymmetry of the solvent (water) or induced by non-electrostatic (e.g., charge-transfer) interactions, is responsible for a static interface charge adding to the overall electrokinetic charge of the nanoparticle. The particle mobility gains a constant offset term formally unrelated to the zeta potential. The static charge is multiplied with the static dielectric constant of the solvent in the expression for the electrokinetic charge and is sufficiently large in magnitude to cause electrophoretic mobility of even neutral particles. At a larger scale, nonlinear electrophoresis linked to the interface quadrupole moment can potentially contribute a sufficiently negative charge to a micrometer-size nanoparticle.
Machine-learning prediction of exciton binding energies in two-dimensional materials for photonics application
Authors: Lin Zhengliang , Liu Jingze , Zhong Sijing , Hsiao Kristine , Chen Xi
Published: December 2023

Density functional theory (DFT) is a ubiquitous first-principles method, but the approximate nature of the exchange-correlation functional poses an inherent limitation for the accuracy of various computed properties. In this context, surrogate models based on machine learning have the potential to provide a more efficient and physically meaningful understanding of electronic properties, such as the exciton binding energy. Here, we construct a regression model based on gradient boosting on decision trees (CatBoost) for prediction of the exciton binding energy of 2D materials from simple physical descriptors, using the Computational 2D Materials Database (C2DB). Out of 22 atomic features, the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy levels exhibit the highest importance scores, with HOMO having a much more important role compared to other features. We obtain a R2 value of 0.8023 and mean absolute error of 0.2138 eV using the top 9 features. Our work presents a rapid and interpretable prediction model for exciton biding energy with high fidelity to DFT and can be extended beyond the C2DB dataset considered in this study.
A Comparative Study of Printed Fabric Product Lines and Design Concepts of Texstyle Ghana Limited
Authors: Pardie S. P. , Asinyo B. K. , Acquaye R. , Howard E. K.
Published: December 2023

Purpose: This research investigates TexStyle Ghana Limited’s printed fabric design concepts over three decades, focusing on cultural heritage and consumer preferences, aiming to understand trends and patterns.

Design/Methodology/Approach: This research employs qualitative data analysis as the primary approach to investigate design concepts. The research method adopted for this study is a single-case method. The data is collected from TexStyle Ghana Limited (TSGL), a prominent textile printing company in Ghana, with a specific focus on their product lines and historical design trends. The data is analysed based on patterns, and themes within textual or visual data.

Findings: TexStyle Ghana Limited (TSGL) offers four unique brands of printed fabrics catering to diverse consumer segments. Their design concepts reflect cultural motifs, traditional heritage, and bold African textile utilisation. TSGL's product lines, such as the Adepa Dumas and NuStyle collections, target specific demographics with distinctive design elements.

Research Limitation/Implications: The study's limitation includes focusing on TSGL, although there are other printing companies in Ghana. However, the findings or implications could apply to other textile printing companies.

Practical Implication: The research highlights the significance of considering customer preferences and cultural heritage in textile design for Ghanaian companies. These include traditional motifs, vibrant colours, and cultural symbolism that enhances competitiveness and customer satisfaction.

Social Implication: Preserving Ghanaian cultural heritage through printed fabrics promotes representation, inclusivity, and global promotion of African art and fashion while catering to diverse consumer segments.

Originality/Value: This industry-specific lens allows for targeted insights into the unique challenges and innovations in textile printing, contributing to a more granular understanding of Ghana's fashion landscape.
Urban and Regional Migration Estimates, Third Quarter 2023 Update
Authors: Whitaker Stephan D.
Published: December 2023

This Data Brief updates the figures that appeared in "Urban and Regional Migration Estimates: Will Your City Recover from the Pandemic?" with data for 2023 Q3 for all series. Migration estimates enable us to track which urban neighborhoods and metro areas are returning to their old migration patterns and where the pandemic has permanently shifted migration trends.
The Educational Paradigms in Tagore’s School Through the Lens of Continental Pedagogy
Authors: Lesar Irena
Published: December 2023

In today’s world, the question of the impact of schooling on various aspects of the personality of children and adolescents is relevant and not just a question of the most effective teaching and learning process. For Tagore, the ultimate goal of education is the all-round development of the individual to adapt harmoniously to reality. The purpose of this article is therefore to detail Tagore’s concept of comprehensive education and how it is reflected in the functioning of his school in Santiniketan. In addition, a qualitative theoretical analysis is undertaken to determine which of the four identified factors of education in the continental tradition (teacher, content of teaching, child and social environment) is the key medium of education in his school. The systematic analysis of the characteristics of Tagore’s educational process and its requirements and objectives shows that he succeeded in integrating all four pedagogical factors known in the European continental tradition, which cannot be said of any of the European pedagogical theories presented (Herbartianism, humanistic or cultural pedagogy, reform pedagogy and socially critical pedagogy). Moreover, Tagore succeeded in bringing many theoretical concepts that are still relevant today (e.g., experiential learning, student participation, embodied  cognition, the concept of a hundred languages) into the operation of the Santiniketan School in a very innovative way.
Status of post-vaccination immunity to diphtheria and tetanus in adults with EBV infection
Authors: Lyadova Tetyana , Popova Alisa
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Recently, the number of cases of infectious mononucleosis has increased among adults, as well as with the course of the disease for more than 3 months. The Epstein-Barr virus is capable of attacking immunocompetent cells, causing lymphadenopathy, hepato- and splenomegaly, being stored forever in the body's lymphocytes, and causing an immunodeficient state. The aim of the study. To find out the state of post-vaccination immunity to diphtheria and tetanus in adults who have contracted EBV infection. Materials and methods. 79 adults (1 group) with MI were examined: 30 people with a mild (L) form of the disease, 38 people with a moderate (SrT) form, 11 people with a severe (T) form, and 25 adults (2 groups) with chronic EBV infection (CHEBVI). The control group consisted of 41 people (K group). The level of antibodies to diphtheria and tetanus toxin was measured by ELISA according to the instructions. According to WHO recommendations, the protective level of antibodies against these infections was considered ˃ 0.1 IU/ml. The results. It was established that in adults who fell ill with infectious mononucleosis in a mild form, a decrease in the level of antibodies to diphtheria and tetanus below the protective level (˂ 0.1 IU/ml) was not observed. 44.7 % of persons who fell ill with infectious mononucleosis in a moderate form did not have protective levels of antibodies to diphtheria, 34.2 % before tetanus, 54.5 % of people who fell ill with severe infectious mononucleosis did not have a protective level of antibodies against diphtheria and tetanus. The number of adults in the control group who did not have a protective level of antibodies to tetanus was 12.1 %, to diphtheria – 26.7 %. During the examination of 25 adults with CHEBVI, it was established that 76.0 % did not have a protective level of antibodies to diphtheria, 64.0 % to tetanus. Conclusions. In adults who have contracted the acute and chronic form of EBV infection, there is a decrease in the level of anti-tetanus and anti-diphtheria antitoxins, and an increase in the percentage of people without a protective level of antibodies to these infections. The percentage of patients with CHEBVI who did not have a protective level of antibodies was significantly higher than among persons who contracted infectious mononucleosis. The obtained data indicate the need to monitor the immune status of persons who have contracted EBV infection and recommend vaccination in case of a low level of antibodies to diphtheria and tetanus or their absence.
News and Views
Authors: Fuller Carol , Crozier Rob , Jackson Syd
Published: December 2023

News covering Wellington, Otago-Southland, Auckland
Industrial Law Cases
Authors: Hodge Bill
Published: December 2023

1. Wellington District Hotel, Hospital, Restaurant and Related Trades I.U.W. v Barretts Hotel Limited Arbitration Court, Wellington. 28 August 1977 (A.C. 30/78) Horn J. 2. Wellington District Woollen Mills, Knitting Mills, Hosiery Factories, Carpet Factories, Synthetic Fibre Factories, Flaxmill and Flax Textile Factories Employees I.U.W. v Feltex Carpets (NZ) Ltd. Arbitration Court. Wellington. 9 June, 1978 (A.C 8/78). Jamieson C J 3. Marine Offshore Contractors v Federated Cooks and Stewards I.U.W. and N.Z. Federated Hotel etc. Employees I.A.W. Arbitration Court, Wellington. 22 June, 1978 (A. C. 1 0/78). Horn J. 4. Various Sporting Clubs v New Zealand Federated Hotel, Hospital Restaurant and Related Trades' Employees I.A.W. Arbitration Court, Wellington. 30 June, 1978 (A C. 12/78). Williamson J. 5. McClenaghan v Bank of New Zealand Supreme Court, Auckland 11 July, 1978 (A 95176. 96/78, 97/78, 98/78, 99178. 2025/78). Chilwell J 6. NZ Engineering, Coachbuilding, Aircraft. Motor and Related Trades I.U.W. v NZ Steel Ltd Arbitration Court, Auckland. 14 August 1978. (AC. 25/78) Jamieson C J 7. Auckland Hospital Board v North Island Electrical & Related Trades I.U.W. Arbitration Court, Auckland. 22 August, 1978 (A.C. 14/78) Williamson J 8. Nelson, Marlborough, Buller Electrical Workers Society v NZ Engineering, Coachbuilding, Aircraft, Motor and Related Trades I.U.W. Arbitration Court, Wellington. 22 August 1978. (A.C 31 /78). Williamson J.
Reviews
Authors: Turkington Don J. , Brosnan Peter , Anderson G. J.
Published: December 2023

Reviews of Trade Unionism Under Collective Bargaining: A Theory Based on Comparisons of Six Countries, Union Growth and the Business Cycle, Industrial Relations: A Textbook
Welcome and introduction
Authors: Renwick James
Published: December 2023

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Enabling innovation
Authors: Rowarth Jacqueline , Parsons Tony
Published: December 2023

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New Zealand, new futures, new ways of science engaging with society?
Authors: Frame Bob , Collins Alison , Gordon Richard
Published: December 2023

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Building Magritek: New Zealand’s magnetic resonance imaging company
Authors: Coy Andrew
Published: December 2023

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