bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mediengebrauchsforschung. Ein praxeologisch gerahmter Aufriss des Forschungsfeldes, das früher Publikums- und Rezeptionsforschung genannt wurde
Authors: Paus-Hasebrink Ingrid , Hasebrink Uwe
Published: December 2024

Tiefgreifende mediale und gesellschaftliche Veränderungen stellen die wissenschaftliche Auseinandersetzung mit den Praktiken, die Individuen im Umgang mit Medien- und Kommunikationsdiensten entwickeln, vor gravierende Herausforderungen. Die ehemaligen Leitbegriffe „Publikum“ und „Rezeption“ treffen den Gegenstand nur zum Teil, zudem erschwert die zunehmende Spezialisierung der Forschung eine übergreifende Perspektive. Der Beitrag soll eine Reflexion darüber anregen, was das Forschungsfeld zusammenhält und wie sich sein Gegenstandsbereich fassen lässt. Mit Hilfe eines praxeologischen Rahmens wird dazu in einem ersten Schritt eine Mediengebrauchsforschung skizziert, die den Blick auf den praktischen Sinn richtet, den Individuen mit ihrem Mediengebrauch realisieren, im Kontext der alltäglichen Lebensführung und als Zusammenspiel von Handlungsoptionen, Handlungsentwürfen und Handlungskompetenzen. Im zweiten Schritt werden die das Feld prägenden Forschungsstränge mit ihren jeweils spezifischen Perspektiven auf den gemeinsamen Gegenstand anhand von sechs Dimensionen kategorisiert und Wege aufgezeigt, wie die Forschung mit Hilfe des vorgeschlagenen praxeologisch-kontextuellen Rahmens der Komplexität individueller Mediengebrauchsweisen in veränderten Medienumgebungen Rechnung tragen kann, um zu einem übergreifenden Verständnis von Mediengebrauch als Bestandteil der alltäglichen Lebensführung beitragen zu können.
„Satire darf ‚alles‘ – aber nicht alles.“ Zur Spruchpraxis der Presseräte im deutschsprachigen Raum
Authors: Paulitsch Luis
Published: December 2024

In den vergangenen Jahren wurde über die Zulässigkeit einzelner satirischer Darstellungen intensiv diskutiert. Dieser Artikel untersucht etwaige Grenzen der Satire anhand der Spruchpraxis der Presseräte im DACH-Raum. Insgesamt liegen 146 Entscheidungen vor, die sich mit (vermeintlich) satirischen Veröffentlichungen befassen. Die Dokumente werden mittels qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring ausgewertet. Als Codierungssystem dienen die Ethikkodizes der deutschsprachigen Presseräte, woraus sich vier größere Kategorien ergeben: (1) „journalistische Sorgfalt“; (2) „Persönlichkeitsschutz“; (3) „religiöses Empfinden“; (4) „Diskriminierung“. Die Untersuchung zeigt, welche satirischen Inhalte aus Sicht der Presseräte legitim sind und ab wann diese gegen den jeweiligen Kodex verstoßen. Die Forschungsergebnisse dienen als eigenständiger Ausgangspunkt für künftige Diskussionen zur Frage „Was darf Satire?“.
Der Gott dieser Welt
Authors: Kerkmann Jan
Published: December 2024

This monograph examines two of the most influential philosophies of evil in the history of ideas. The first part is devoted to the thought of Augustine, which is explored in terms of the various definitions of evil – from the privation theory to the doctrine of original sin. The second main part focuses on the connection between ontology, natural philosophy and theodicy in Schelling's “Freiheitsschrift”. It is argued that Schelling radicalises Augustine's doctrine of original sin to the extent that man must choose evil in order to exist. Building on this, the last part directly compares Augustine's doctrine of original sin and Schelling's conception of the intelligible act.
Die Autobiografie der Anderen
Authors: Panke-Kochinke Birgit
Published: December 2024

What function does an autobiography fulfill for its authors and recipients? To what extent can references to the construction of the self be found in the text? And – this is the central question – can an immanent theory be developed from the reconstruction of the internal structure of an autobiography? What methodological approaches are necessary? The study focuses on 49 texts, which the sociologist Birgit Panke-Kochinke analyzes and relates to her own life. In addition to autobiographies by scientists, writers, and artists, the study also includes comparative texts that, due to their formal structure, cannot be classified as autobiographies in the strict sense.
Allgemeines Verwaltungsrecht
Authors: Rohde Thomas , Lustig Gernot , Wöhler Arne
Published: December 2024

Das Buch orientiert sich am Curriculum der Bachelorstudiengänge "Kommunaler Verwaltungsdienst" und "Staatlicher Verwaltungsdienst" an der Hochschule für Polizei und öffentliche Verwaltung Nordrhein-Westfalen (HSPV NRW). Alle prüfungsrelevanten Inhalte des Allgemeinen Verwaltungsrechts, etwa Aufbau der öffentlichen Bundes-, Landes- und Kommunalverwaltung, Handlungsformen der Verwaltung, Zustandekommen eines Verwaltungsakts und materielle Rechtmäßigkeitsanforderungen sowie Kontrollmechanismen, Europarecht, Staatshaftung, Verwaltungsvollstreckung und verwaltungsgerichtlicher Rechtsschutz werden ebenso gründlich wie verständlich behandelt. Zahlreiche Übungen mit Musterlösungen, eine Vielzahl von Beispielen, Schaubildern und Bearbeitungsschemata zu den Themen verfestigen das angeeignete Wissen. Durch umfangreiche Nachweise und Berücksichtigung der aktuellen Rechtsprechung eignet sich das Buch ebenfalls für Praktiker:innen in der öffentlichen Verwaltung. Thomas Rohde ist hauptamtlicher Dozent, Dr. Arne Wöhler ist Professor an der Hochschule für Polizei und öffentliche Verwaltung Nordrhein-Westfalen (HSPV NRW). Gernot Lustig ist Referats- und stellv. Abteilungsleiter im Niedersächsischen Justizministerium.
Prüfungsschmata Öffentliches Recht
Authors: Johannisbauer Christoph , Bode Matthias
Published: December 2024

Das Werk richtet sich v. a., aber nicht ausschließlich an Bachelor-Studierende der Hochschule für Polizei und öffentliche Verwaltung Nordrhein-Westfalen (HSPV NRW) und versammelt die wichtigsten und klausurrelevanten Prüfungsschemata aus dem Bereich des Öffentlichen Rechts. Die enthaltenen Schemata sind kompakt und übersichtlich aufbereitet und decken folgende Pflichtmodule ab: Staats- und Europarecht, Allgemeines Verwaltungsrecht, Polizei- und Ordnungsrecht, Ordnungswidrigkeitenrecht, Bescheidtechnik, Verwaltungsgerichtlicher Rechtsschutz, Verwaltungsvollstreckungsrecht und Kommunalrecht. Eine Einführung in die Technik der Fallbearbeitung inkl. Methodenlehre, wertvolle Tipps für eine erfolgreiche Klausurbearbeitung sowie vertiefende Literaturhinweise vervollständigen das Werk und machen es zu einem unverzichtbaren Begleiter im Studienalltag. Dr. Christoph Johannisbauer und Dr. Matthias Bode sind Professoren an der Hochschule für Polizei und öffentliche Verwaltung Nordrhein-Westfalen (HSPV NRW).
SGB II und SGB XII für Studium und Praxis (Bd. 3/3)
Authors: Grosse Michael , Weber Dirk , Wesemann Michael
Published: December 2024

Der dritte Band widmet sich dem Sozialverwaltungsverfahren und den Rückabwicklungsansprüchen. Für die 15. Auflage wurden u. a. die Ausführungen zu den Aufhebungsvorschriften (§§ 44 ff. SGB X) überarbeitet und noch genauer dargestellt, aktuelle Rechtsprechung und die aktuelle Rechtslage eingearbeitet.
Praktische Fälle aus dem Kommunalrecht
Authors: Hofmann Harald , Wiesener Cornelius
Published: December 2024

Das Buch versteht sich v. a. als Trainingshilfe zur Vorbereitung auf Kommunalrechtsklausuren, dient durch die Auswahl der Fälle aber auch zur Wiederholung des kompletten Lehrstoffs. Die 14. Auflage berücksichtigt alle relevanten Gesetzesänderungen und die jüngere Rechtsprechung bis April 2024. Enthalten sind 25 Übungsfälle von unterschiedlichen Verfassern, die nicht nur idealtypische Musterlösungen, sondern auch methodische Ratschläge sowie vertiefende Anmerkungen an die Hand geben. Dabei wird auch kommentiert, ob und welche Abweichungen von der jeweiligen Musterlösung inhaltlich und vom Aufbau her vertretbar sind. Allgemeine Klausurhinweise und Aufbauschemata runden das Werk ab und machen es zu einem wertvollen Begleiter für Studium und Praxis des Kommunalrechts in NRW. Harald Hofmann ist Professor, Cornelius Wiesner ist hauptamtlicher Dozent an der Hochschule für Polizei und öffentliche Verwaltung Nordrhein-Westfalen (HSPV NRW).
Allgemeines Verwaltungsrecht
Authors: Conradi Claudia , Hasebrink Marita
Published: December 2024

Der Lehrbrief gibt einen schnellen Überblick zu den grundsätzlichen Themen des Allgemeinen Verwaltungsrechts. Er enthält das Rüstzeug für Verwaltungsausbildung, Studium und Verwaltungstätigkeit in der täglichen Praxis. Die Darstellung wird durch viele Fallbeispiele, übersichtliche Schaubilder, Prüfungsschemata und prägnante Merksätze ergänzt. Kontrollfragen mit Lösungen geben den Leser:innen die Möglichkeit, das erlernte Wissen selbständig zu überprüfen und zu vertiefen. Da die Verwaltung ihre Entscheidungen auch an der Rechtsprechung der Verwaltungsgerichte auszurichten hat, widmet sich der Lehrbrief sowohl dem Rechtsbehelfsverfahren als auch dem verwaltungsgerichtlichen Rechtsschutz. Auch wenn der Lehrbrief sich am sächsischen Recht orientiert, gelten die allgemeinen Grundsätze bundesländerübergreifend. Claudia Conradi ist Dozentin an der Hochschule Meißen (FH) und Fortbildungszentrum. Marita Hasebrink ist Abteilungsleiterin Straßenverwaltung im Verkehrs-und Tiefbauamt und Recht der Stadt Leipzig.
Allgemeines Sicherheits- und Ordnungsgesetz (ASOG) Berlin
Authors: Lerm Patrick
Published: December 2024

Die sichere Kenntnis der Definitionen von Eingriffsbefugnissen ist ein zentraler Baustein einer bestandenen Prüfung. Ohne sie kann der Prüfungssachverhalt kaum erfolgreich bearbeitet werden. Je schneller Definitionen in der Prüfungssituation abgerufen werden können, desto mehr Zeit bleibt für die eigentliche Subsumtion – und einem Bestehen steht nichts mehr im Weg! Die Definitionssammlung hilft Polizeikommissaranwärterinnen und -anwärtern der Polizei Berlin dabei, sich gezielt auf Prüfungen im Fach Polizei- und Ordnungsrecht (POR) vorzubereiten. Das Buch eignet sich ebenso für Stadtsekretäranwärterinnen und -anwärter des Landes Berlin, die mit den Regelungen des Polizei- und Ordnungsrechts konfrontiert sind. Patrick Lerm ist im Hauptamt Polizeihauptkommissar und Fachlehrer für Einsatz- und Beamtenrecht bei der Bundespolizei; im Nebenamt Dozent bei der Bayerischen Verwaltungsschule für die Fächer Sicherheits- und Beamtenrecht sowie Lehrbeauftragter an der Hochschule für Wirtschaft und Recht Berlin für das Fach Polizei- und Ordnungsrecht.
Hans Rosenberg
Authors: Maubach Franka
Published: December 2024

Die Biographie eines bedeutenden Historikers als Studie zur Geschichte der intellektuellen Figur des »deutschen Sonderwegs«. Hans Rosenberg (1904-1988) gilt als Vordenker der Sozialgeschichte und prominenter Vertreter der These vom »deutschen Sonderweg«. Seit den siebziger Jahren machte sich vor allem Hans-Ulrich Wehler um das Werk des in die USA emigrierten Wissenschaftlers verdient, der in den letzten Tagen der Weimarer Republik in Köln habilitiert worden war. Mit Rosenbergs »Wiederentdeckung« verbunden war allerdings auch eine gewisse Vereinnahmung seiner Deutung der deutschen Geschichte für die Bielefelder Schule der »historischen Sozialwissenschaft«. Dass Rosenbergs Arbeiten in dieser Verortung nicht aufgehen, zeigt Franka Maubach: Gerade in Zeiten multipler Krisen wollte Rosenberg die Vergangenheit umfassend verstanden wissen – nicht nur sozial- und wirtschaftsgeschichtlich, sondern auch politik-, ideen- und kulturgeschichtlich. Dieser Anspruch auf die »ganze« Geschichte regt dazu an, Werk und Wirken von Hans Rosenberg jenseits von Schulen oder paradigmatischen Deutungen auf neue Weise zu betrachten.
Die leere Zentrale. Berlin, ein Bild aus dem deutschen Nachkrieg
Authors: Greite Till
Published: December 2024

Ein vergessenes Stück Literaturgeschichte der Stadt Berlin Unter der Leitmetaphorik der leeren Zentrale wird erstmals nicht nur das Ruinenfeld des Nachkriegsberlin mittels eines stadtarchäologischen Zugangs erschlossen, sondern ein literaturgeschichtliches Terrain aus dem Schutt der Überlieferung geholt, das sich sukzessive als Denkfeld sui generis erschließt. Durch dieses Feld zieht sich ein epochaler Riss, der auf neuen Deutungswegen durchwandert wird, um, - u. a. anhand von Archivbeständen - übersehene wirkungsgeschichtliche Linien für ein anderes Verständnis der deutschen Nachkriegsliteratur zugewinnen. Im Zeichen der Neuorientierung wird Berlin als inoffizieller locus communis gedeutet, der von West und Ost - wie vom Exil - als Suchpunkt für persönliche wie geschichtliche Erfahrungen angesteuert wurde. Der Ort brachte so unterschiedliche Schriftsteller:innen wie Wolfgang Koeppen, Günther Anders, Marie Luise Kaschnitz oder Peter Huchel ins Zwiegespräch. Zur Ausgrabung dieses Berliner Mosaiks aus poetischen Bruchstücken bedient sich die Arbeit eines eigenen hermeneutisch-phänomenologischen Verfahrens, das aus der Kraft des Unbegrifflichen, der Unhintergehbarkeit der Bilder und Erfahrungen jener Nachkriegsflaneure, ihre Befunde zieht.
Perspective Chapter: Transition from the Modernisation of Information Technologies to the Digitalisation of Social Services and Social Work in Latvia
Authors: Pāvulēns Edvarts , Vilka Lolita
Published: December 2024

This chapter presents the path to digitalisation of social services and social work in the context of the digital transformation processes in Latvia from learning about computers and acquiring basic skills to creating a unified welfare policy information system and digital services. The introduction of information technology (IT) in the organisation of social work and services has created new opportunities for service delivery and the development of means of communication. This has made it possible to overcome territorial distances and reduce inequalities in access to services in rural areas. The availability of IT and relevant skills is important for professionals and lay people alike. The availability and quality of social services depend on digital competence. However, the arrival of digitalisation in the field of social work is met with mixed reactions. The changing forms of work among social workers raise concerns about the future of the profession, that the dominance of technology could overwhelm human relationships and alienate them from the values of social work. But realistic optimists in Latvia believe that social work is one of the few professions that will survive in the long term and that automatisation, robotisation and modernisation will not completely replace it.
Foreign Body in the Ear
Authors: Munilson Jacky , Edward Yan , Nissa Khairani Emilia
Published: December 2024

Foreign bodies are all objects that are not normally present in the human body. In the context of ear foreign bodies, the sophisticated structures of ear itself allow any materials that enter through the external auditory canal to become impacted. The prevalence of foreign bodies in the ear varies by gender and sex and depends on any other condition that may affect them. The clinical manifestation of foreign bodies in the ear may vary based on the material, location and duration of impaction. The removal of ear foreign bodies is performed using various kind of instrumentation and technique, considering how complex the removal is to be performed. Some complications may emerge either from the foreign bodies itself or the attempts of removal.
Optical Fiber Sensors
Authors: Hira Uzma , Nayab Ahmad Muhammad
Published: December 2024

Optical fiber sensors have become an indispensable technological advancement due to their exceptional sensitivity, resilience against electromagnetic interference, and durability under challenging conditions. Their uses cover a wide range of industries, including environmental sensing, structural health monitoring, and medical diagnostics. Their performance has been improved by developments in materials, computation of signals, and miniaturization. Future developments will tackle present issues like high prices and interference from the environment by concentrating on hybrid systems, versatile capabilities, and quantum sensing. Wider acceptance will be made easier by standardization and compatibility. This chapter highlights the revolutionary power of optical fiber sensors across sectors by examining their technological developments, prospective innovations, and future possibilities.
Secondary Mania of Medical and Neurological Disorders
Authors: M. Nikogosyan Gregory , R. Torncello Emma , I. MacDonald Samuel
Published: December 2024

Secondary mania, also known as secondary bipolar disorder, is a mood disorder characterized by episodes of mania or hypomania that are attributed to an identifiable physical or medical condition rather than primary psychiatric origins. This condition can arise due to various factors, including neurological disorders, systemic illnesses, medications, or substance abuse. Secondary mania often presents diagnostic and therapeutic challenges as a comprehensive evaluation is required to identify the underlying cause. Understanding the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and treatment strategies for secondary mania is crucial for effective management. This chapter explores the etiology, diagnostic criteria, differential diagnosis, and evidence-based treatment approaches for secondary mania, highlighting the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration in managing this complex disorder.
B. subtilis Probiotics for Humans, Animals and Plants: Mechanisms, Applications and Prospects
Authors: Ergün Dilan , Tartar Göksu , Yazgan-Karataş Ayten
Published: December 2024

Bacillus bacteria have increasingly attracted research interest due to their promising probiotic properties, including strong antimicrobial, antidiarrheal, and immunostimulatory effects. They are able to stimulate the growth of natural flora, prevent intestinal inflammation, and demonstrate excellent stability even under adverse conditions. This chapter explores the probiotic applications of Bacillus subtilis strains in humans, animals, and plants. First, the chapter reviews the probiotic mechanisms of B. subtilis and the current state of research in this area. The potential applications of recombinant B. subtilis probiotics are also covered, along with results from preclinical studies and the future role of B. subtilis probiotic therapy in clinical settings. This chapter aims to survey the current landscape of B. subtilis probiotic research and hypothesize about its potential future impact.
Risk Assessment and Capacity Building on Food Security in the Lancang-Mekong Countries for Post-Pandemic Recovery
Authors: Yang Yong , Tian Conghua
Published: December 2024

The Lancang-Mekong Countries (LMC) have witnessed substantial economic growth and progress in Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) over the past three decades. Unfortunately, the COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted this momentum, particularly in agriculture, food prices, and among vulnerable populations. The common challenges include variations in agricultural quality, reliance on external markets, inadequate storage and processing capacities, food waste, disparities between urban and rural areas, and vulnerability among certain populations. Additionally, LMC is highly susceptible to climate change impacts, affecting farmers and food security. To address these challenges, this paper analyzed the priorities and capacity requirements for building post-pandemic resilient food security. Enhancing food security and alleviating poverty in the LMC requires a comprehensive and sustained approach, focusing on improving human capacity, investing in infrastructure, adopting technology, promoting research and development, and fostering multi-stakeholder and regional cooperation. Regular assessment, adaptability, and a commitment to long-term goals are essential for success. Collaborative efforts are crucial for continued progress in the shift toward a resilient food security paradigm.
Vitamin D and Cardiovascular Health: Benefits and Controversies of Supplementation
Authors: Aleksova Aneta , Lucia Fluca Alessandra , Sinagra Gianfranco , D’Errico Stefano , Paolo Beltrami Antonio , Marketou Maria , Janjusevic Milijana
Published: December 2024

Vitamin D is a steroid hormone that exerts pleiotropic effects in the cardiovascular field, including the protection of endothelial function, the control of inflammation, the regulation of intracellular calcium homeostasis, and the modulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Hypovitaminosis D, defined as vitamin D ≤ 20 ng/mL, is frequently associated with hypertension, the development of heart failure, and higher morbidity and mortality after a myocardial infarction (MI). Despite initial enthusiasm regarding the potential benefits of vitamin D supplementation in the management of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), recent clinical trials have yielded contrasting results regarding its effectiveness in a clinical setting. Consequently, the benefits of vitamin D in CVDs are currently called into question. This chapter aims to describe the physiological effects of vitamin D on cardiovascular health and the current data on its supplementation in patients with CVDs.
Resilience of Agri-Food Security in the Republic of Moldova
Authors: Stratan Alexandru , Lopotenco Viorica , Staver Liliana
Published: December 2024

Agri-food security is an essential constituent of the national security of the Republic of Moldova, one of the most critical components of the demographic policy and the life support system, and a necessary condition for maintaining health. The specificity of the Republic of Moldova’s agricultural sector is characterized by a relatively high level of agri-food sufficiency against the background of a high degree of absolute poverty. Thus, the problem of agri-food security cannot be reduced only to the ability to maintain its dimensions, and how it can preserve and improve in the face of probable vulnerabilities must be answered. Our proposed analysis of agri-food security, viewed through the resilience lens, is crucial because of the sector’s ability to adapt and change in response to vulnerabilities. This assessment not only clarifies the drivers that can alter the dimensions of agri-food security but also highlights the key provisions of food security that can either facilitate or hinder the sector’s ability to respond to destabilizing factors. The significance of agri-food security in societal development, coupled with the existing gaps in its assurance, underscores the pressing need to re-evaluate the priorities of agri-food policy in the Republic of Moldova from a resilience perspective.
Perspective Chapter: Subject-Object Intercorrelation – From Quantum Theory to the New Forms and Applications in Psychotherapy
Authors: Ardelean Ramona
Published: December 2024

If the paradigm of classical epistemology follows the logic of the part, being tributary to the principle of subject-object separability, in which the subject, that is, the part, is considered separate from the object, that is, the whole, then the new paradigm of the quantum theory has replaced the principle of separability, specific to the logic of the part, with the principle of subject-object nonseparability or global intercorrelation, specific to the logic of the whole. Starting from this principle of quantum nonseparability, I will show that it can be explored and applied in new forms of psychotherapy. I mean here the art of meditation, as the art of the whole, that is, the art of perceiving the world and ourselves in a nondualistic nonanalytical, and nonfragmentary way, in which the subject and the object, the observer and the observed, the part and the whole, are not separated, but interconnected.
Treatment of Acute Appendicitis
Authors: Karn Summi , Kumar Navin , Singh Karamveer , Basu Somprakas
Published: December 2024

Treatment of appendicitis is continuously evolving. Appendectomy remains the standard for acute cases, whereas antibiotics are increasingly explored for uncomplicated appendicitis, showing comparable short-term outcomes. Around 25% eventually requires surgery within a year. Conservative antibiotic therapy, targeting aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, is viable for selected cases, particularly those without complicating factors. Complicated appendicitis warrants emergency appendectomy, laparoscopic or open. Appendicular lumps are often treated conservatively initially in both complicated and uncomplicated appendicitis, followed by interval appendectomy if risk factors persist. Debates persist over missed malignancies and long-term efficacy with conservative management, despite benefits like reduced pain and quicker recovery compared to surgery. Introduction of routine CT scans can increase success rate of conservative management by identifying underlying pathologies and risk factors for recurrences. Surgical removal remains dominant due to historically higher success rates and concerns over missing neoplasms. Nonetheless, antibiotics present a safe alternative for carefully selected patients.
Management of Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Butterworth Sophie , van Eeden Stephanie , Llandro Hayley , C.G. Sainsbury David , Burbridge Lucy , Shamsoddin Erfan , Franchi Thomas , A Shah Pritik , Roberto Tovani Palone Marcos
Published: December 2024

Orofacial clefts (OFCs) are the most common craniofacial condition, with a variable prevalence in different ethnic groups. Their aetiology is multifactorial and results from the interaction between genetic and environmental factors. The most common OFC presentations are cleft lip only, cleft lip and palate, and cleft palate only. Comprehensive treatment of OFC patients often requires specialised multidisciplinary care from childhood to adulthood, including specialist nursing, surgery, speech therapy, dental and orthodontic care, and psychological support. There is still no international consensus regarding an ideal treatment protocol but it is clear that a joint approach utilising all multidisciplinary specialists involved will aid scientific advances in the field and ultimately provide the best possible care. Here, we discuss and describe the current and relevant aspects of the management of OFCs based on the experiences of several members of the Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, aiming to present contents that can serve as a basis for several other hospitals around the world as well as to stimulate more discussions and thoughts.
Antibiotic Battleground: Enterococcus and Drug Resistance
Authors: Verma Sheetal , Kashyap Saurabh
Published: December 2024

Enterococcus bacteria represent a significant challenge in healthcare due to their propensity for antibiotic resistance. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of Enterococcus drug resistance, encompassing its taxonomy, intrinsic and acquired resistance mechanisms, clinical relevance, epidemiology, and strategies for combating resistance. Enterococci exhibit intrinsic resistance to certain antibiotics, while acquired resistance mechanisms, including horizontal gene transfer and mutation, contribute to the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains. Healthcare-associated Enterococcus infections are associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and economic burden, underscoring the importance of infection prevention, antimicrobial stewardship, and surveillance efforts. Future perspectives include leveraging technological advancements for detection and surveillance, developing targeted therapeutic interventions, and harnessing genomics to understand resistance mechanisms. Addressing Enterococcus drug resistance requires a multidisciplinary approach involving collaboration between healthcare providers, researchers, policymakers, and public health authorities.
Analisis Kesalahan Siswa dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Persamaan Kuadrat Berdasarkan Klasifikasi Kastolan
Authors: Rahma Wati  , Puguh Darmawan
Published: December 2024

This research aims to analyze students' errors in solving quadratic equation questions based on the Kastolan classification with test instrument questions adapted to the cognitive level of Bloom's Taxonomy. The subjects of this research were six students of class IX MTsS Simpang Tanjung Nan IV. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative. Instruments include questions, interview guidelines and documentation. Based on this research, conceptual errors were found with a percentage of 58.3%, procedural errors with a percentage of 33%, and technical errors with a percentage of 25%. The dominant errors found are conceptual errors, the teacher's role is needed in preventing and overcoming these errors.
Development of a method to identify the need for capital repairs and renovation of administrative buildings
Authors: Lapidus A.A. , Topchiy D.V. , Kuzmina T.K. , Bolshakova P.V. , Ganzen E.V.
Published: December 2024

Identification of needs for production resources during repairs, restoration and reconstruction strongly relies on administrative and engineering solutions. The scope of problems, addressed by these projects, encompasses limited production and non-production resources, as well as unpredictable external risks, or ambiguous initial information about construction facilities. Today all available decision-making principles, underlying the long-term planning of capital repairs and reconstruction of civil buildings, disregard a great number of production-related and administrative factors. Advanced design software and applications, developed on the basis of various mathematical principles, used to describe construction technologies and processes, facilitate decision making by specialists responsible for the implementation of such projects. In this case, principal factors include optimal labour costs and guaranteed quality. The article outlines basic decision-making principles underlying a program of capital repairs or reconstruction of civil buildings in operation. These principles are based on computing the potential of administrative and engineering solutions. Scientific research, conducted in the process of drafting this article, encompasses the analysis of various production-related factors characteristic of production processes, including capital repairs and reconstruction. These factors are represented as a system of linguistic data flow that specifies term sets and membership functions for each condition. Most significant factors are the technical condition of permanent buildings and structures, the attitude of consumers to the subject of the study, and its operation period starting upon completion of earlier repair or reconstruction, as well as the serviceability of internal and external engineering systems. As a result of scientific research, the authors developed and tested a new method used to identify the need for construction and installation work performed within the framework of capital repairs or renovation. The novel method includes specific requirements that apply to the scope of work and the sequence of its implementation.
Виртуальные технологии в образовании: актуальность разработки и внедрения нормативно-правового регулирования применения виртуальных технологий в образовательном процессе
Authors: А.Э. Памирский , И.Э. Памирский , Е.Н. Маслова , К.С. Голохваст
Published: December 2024

в настоящее время виртуальные технологии развиваются достаточно интенсивно, вследствие этого некоторые образовательные учреждения, в том числе дополнительного образования, несмотря на отсутствие законодательной базы, создают и утверждают программы по использованию VR технологий на основе имеющихся нормативно-правовых актов, которые по своему содержанию напрямую не касаются виртуальных технологий. Это свидетельствует о стремлении образовательных организаций заполнить пробелы нормативно-правового регулирования на локальном уровне, основываясь на имеющийся законодательный ресурс. Кроме того, это указывает на необходимость нормативного регулирования как применения технологий виртуальной и дополненной реальностей в образовательном процессе, так и регулирования на этапе внедрения. Поэтому статья посвящена оценке актуальности разработки нормативно-правовой базы для упорядочивания механизма внедрения виртуальных технологий в образовательный процесс, уточнения терминологии понятийного аппарата на законодательном уровне (понятий виртуальной и дополненной реальности), соблюдения этических норм, защиты персональных данных, внесение дополнений в санитарно-эпидемиологические правила, вопрос использования виртуальных технологий в образовательном процессе лицами с ограниченными возможностями и т.д.

currently, virtual technologies are developing quite intensively, as a result of which some educational measures, including additional education, despite the lack of a legislative framework, framework and programs for the use of VR technologies based on existing regulations, which do not directly relate to its content. virtual technologies. This indicates a desire to form organizations to fill the gaps in legal regulation at the local level, and an expression of will to create a legislative resource. In addition, this indicates the need for regulatory regulation of both the use of technologies and augmented reality in the educational process, and regulation at the development stage. Therefore, the article pays attention to the relevance of developing a regulatory framework for certifying electronic digital technologies in the educational process, clarifying the terminology of conceptual equipment at the legislative level (the concepts of implementation and augmented reality), complying with ethical standards, protecting medical data, making additions to sanitary and epidemiological rules, the issue of using virtual technologies in the educational process with disabilities, etc.
Совершенствование понятийного аппарата в уголовно-правовых нормах, предусматривающих ответственность за преступления против безопасности движения и эксплуатации транспорта
Authors: С.П. Середа
Published: December 2024

статья посвящена проблемам совершенствования понятийного аппарата, используемого при описании составов преступлений против безопасности движения и эксплуатации транспорта. Актуальность темы обусловлена несовершенством понятийного аппарата, используемого в гл. 27 УК РФ, что создает проблемы при квалификации преступлений, о которых в ней говорится. Все диспозиции норм гл. 27 УК РФ являются бланкетными, поскольку используют при описании составов преступлений большое количество специальных понятий и терминов, содержание которых раскрывается не в УК РФ, а в специальном законодательстве, касающемся различных видов транспорта. Однако понятийный аппарат, содержащийся в этом многочисленном специальном законодательстве, носит сложный, многоуровневый и противоречивый характер, что затрудняет правильное и однозначное понимание и применение положений гл. 27 УК РФ. В статье рассмотрены основные проблемы в понимании ключевых понятий, используемых в гл. 27 УК РФ: «транспортное средство», «транспорт» и др. Проанализированы и определены возможные перспективы совершенствования понятийного аппарата, используемого при описании составов преступлений против безопасности движения и эксплуатации транспорта, сформулированы предложения по внесению дополнений гл. 27 УК РФ.

the article is devoted to the problems of improving the conceptual framework used in describing the elements of crimes against traffic safety and transport operation. The relevance of the topic is due to the imperfection of the conceptual framework used in Chapter 27 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, which creates problems in qualifying the crimes referred to therein. All dispositions of the norms of Chapter 27 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation are blanket, since they use a large number of special concepts and terms when describing the elements of crimes, the content of which is disclosed not in the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, but in special legislation concerning various types of transport. However, the conceptual apparatus contained in this numerous special legislation is complex, multi-level and contradictory, which complicates the correct and unambiguous understanding and application of the provisions of Chapter 27 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The article considers the main problems in understanding the key concepts used in Chapter 27 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation: "vehicle", "transport", etc. Possible prospects for improving the conceptual apparatus used in describing the elements of crimes against traffic safety and transport operation are analyzed and determined, proposals for amendments to Chapter 27 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation are formulated.
Students' Direct and Deferred Concept Understanding and Self-Efficacy Using the Inverted Learning Approach in Biology
Authors: Rolly James Cheng
Published: December 2024

The increasing availability of data and technological advancements, along with the influx of various educational platforms, reflects the evolving knowledge acquisition and transfer paradigm in the digital age. This highlights the need for educators and institutions to adapt their approaches and recognise the significance of harnessing educational technology as a powerful tool to promote the widespread adoption of flexible online learning. An Inverted Learning Approach (ILA) is an innovative pedagogical design that maximises off-class learning by providing students with access to instructional resources. This allows students to self-pace their learning and become more independent and ready for in-class activities. The study followed a quasi-experimental study, employing a two-group pre-test and post-test controlled group design. It zeroed in on determining how ILA affects the direct and deferred concept understanding and self-efficacy of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) students enrolled in a biology course. The use of ILA was the treatment given to the experimental or intervention group, while the Expository Online Teaching (EOT) was given to the comparison group. A total of 287 STEM students were involved in the study and taught by the same teacher to maintain parity of conditions except for the treatment. Informed consent and assent forms were likewise collected as required by the Research Ethics Board to safeguard the research participants, monitor likely risks and benefits, and establish high ethical standards where the study was conducted. Gagne’s nine instructional events were designed in the learning plan to develop a clear instruction flow between the two groups. The students' levels of direct and deferred concept understanding were measured using the Researcher-validated Biology Achievement Test (RBAT) on the pre-test, post-test, and postponed test, and the results were analysed using ANOVA and post-hoc tests. Results revealed that students taught using ILA had significantly higher mean gains in post-test and retention test scores than those taught using the EOT. The level of self-efficacy among ILA students has also shown a significant increment compared to their counterparts. In other words, ILA significantly improved students' direct and deferred concept understanding and self-efficacy.
Prisoner of Conscience
Authors: Moore David ,   After Dinner Conversation
Published: December 2024

Do memories change? Would you lie to get out of jail? In this work philosophical short story fiction, Marcus White, takes the blame for the murder of Dr. Katz, a white surgeon, to protect his son, Jaysum. Jaysum claims that Dr. Katz tried to sexually assault him in their house, leading to the shooting. Marcus serves 25 years in prison and maintains his innocence, even when it costs him parole. The story explores themes of sacrifice, justice, and the fallibility of memory.
The Mythological Conditioning of Scientific Naturalism
Authors: Lessl Thomas M. ,   Religious Communication Association
Published: December 2024

Northrop Frye has argued that what we call plot in narratives is capable of being rendered as theme. Because of this, the thematic meaning of a story may arise in an audience's consciousness merely through exposure to that narrative's plot. But what if the theme embedded in plot is opposed to other meanings that are more manifest in a story? This is something that occurs, for instance, when the form or plot of the Gospel narrative serves to structure stories that are otherwise predicated upon naturalistic assumptions. This occurs in what I call the E. T. myth, various science fiction tales about benevolent extraterrestrial gods who visit scientific redemption upon the earth. These stories borrow the narrative form of the Gospels, but they advance a naturalistic world view. After Frye I argue that while these stories are "mythologically conditioned" by what he calls the "displacement" of theistic ideas into tales that are otherwise naturalistic. Religious meanings are imported into a naturalistic world view to produce a form of ideological syncretism. The recurrence of this pattern in scientific rhetoric is explained by the fact that the identity of modem science was formulated around theistic concepts in its early history.
Individuation in Crisis
Authors: Lafontaine Simon ,   Zeta Books
Published: December 2024

This essay explores the theme of individuation in existential phenomenology, focusing on the contributions of Alfred Schutz and Maurice Natanson, one of Schutz’s students during his tenure at the New School for Social Research in New York. To mark the fiftieth anniversary of the Social Science Archive in Konstanz, I reflect on the theory of multiple realities and its application to issues of mobility and isolation. Following a lead given by Natanson in his critique of “life‑world optimism” sketched in a letter to Schutz, I delve into Natanson’s theory of individuation and his use of the phenomenological method by emphasizing his critical elaboration of Sartre’s non‑egological conception of consciousness and theory of the other. I demonstrate how the existential dimensions of anguish, aloneness, and loneliness, as raised by Natanson, restate the theory of multiple realities, in part through his engagement with phenomenological psychiatry.
Social Relationships in the Finite Province of Meaning of Reading Literature
Authors: Barber Michael ,   Zeta Books
Published: December 2024

In dialogue with theorists of reading (Iser, Rogers) in the Schutzian tradition of phenomenology, this paper focuses on social relationships in novels, between the author and the reader (as a relation of Predecessor to Successors), and especially the relationship between reader and characters of the novel. The lack of the reader’s bodily engagement with the characters contrasts with everyday life, in which one can bodily affect one’s interlocutor, resembles “direct social observation” and can function as a kind of epoché, initiating one into reading as a finite province of meaning. Within such a province, beyond the features of sociality and the epoché and like the epoché, the other features (form of spontaneity, tension of consciousness, experience of self, and temporality) all affect the reader‑character relationships, which in turn evoke adaptations in how these features are experienced in pragmatic everyday life.
Felix Kaufmann at the Marshall Society
Authors: Dinçaslan Mehmet ,   Zeta Books
Published: December 2024

This paper examines Felix Kaufmann’s ideas on the methodology of social sciences through the example of the Marshall Society at Cambridge University and on how these ideas spread. The scope of the study includes his correspondence with the Marshall Society and his unpublished text prepared for a lecture held in 1936. Connections are established between the main theme of Kaufmann’s Methodenlehre der Sozialwissenschaften (1936) and the unpublished text of his lecture, where he highlighted the problems that the naturalism‑antinaturalism dichotomy posed for the methodology of the social sciences and the promising advances in the exact sciences to overcome these problems. Kaufmann avoided adopting a totally rejectionist and adaptive attitude, emphasized that natural and social sciences may have common and different methods, and argued that some methodological conflicts could be reconciled. Kaufmann’s unpublished text serves as an English précis of his 1936 book and facilitates the dissemination of his ideas through the Marshall Society.
Investigating the correlation between second grade primary school students fluent reading skills and parental involvement in home literacy activities
Authors: Demir Aynur , Çetinkaya Seher
Published: December 2024

To stay up-to-date with the rapid changes in technology and science in today's world, reading skills are still essential. Reading skills, in addition to being a means of acquiring knowledge in social life, have a key role in success in academic life. The rich knowledge encountered in school life needs to be analyzed, synthesized and understood. Fluent reading skill is directly related to an individual's capacity to make sense of the text, and this skill is one of the cornerstones of children's success in educational life. Primary school is a period in which children acquire reading and writing skills and progress by building on those skills. The support that parents provide by participating in literacy activities at home in this process plays a crucial role in the development of their children's fluent reading skills. In this context, the comparative study of parental involvement in literacy activities with fluent reading skills at primary school level has formed a significant area of research. The aim of the research is to investigate the relationship between the fluent reading skills of the students studying in the second grade and the level of parental involvement in home literacy activities. One of the quantitative research methods, the relational screening model was conducted in the research. Participants are second-grade students who are studying in two different primary schools in the province of Ordu and their parents. In data collection, the speed and accuracy components of the students from fluent reading components were evaluated and the parental involvement levels were examined using the “Parental Involvement in Home Literacy Activities” scale. The findings from the analysis of the data were discussed in terms of the fluent reading skill levels of primary school second-grade students and parental involvement level in home literacy activities.
Comparison of speaking activities in 8th-grade coursebooks of Turkish lesson
Authors: Amanvermez İncirkuş Funda
Published: December 2024

This study aims to compare the speaking activities in the 8th-grade Turkish coursebooks with respect to their reflection of the achievements and methods and techniques in the program, their association with the subject of the text, the number of activities according to text types, and the instructions explaining the activities. The study was conducted with document analysis, one of the qualitative research methods. The coursebooks belonging to the MEB and Ferman Pub., which were decided to be taught in the 8th grade in the 2023-2024 academic year, were taken as a sample. Data were collected from post-text speaking activities and analyzed by descriptive and content analysis. The evaluations made for 64 activities in total were compared by two field experts, and the reliability was found to be 85.3%. As a result, it was observed that the speaking activities in the Ferman Pub. covered all the achievements in the Turkish Language Teaching Program in a balanced manner numerically with clear and explicit statements in the instructions, but in the MEB Pub., not all the achievements were included and the instructions were implicit and ambiguous to meet the achievements. In both coursebooks, the guided speaking strategy was used the most. In the Ferman Pub., speaking strategies, methods, and techniques to be used in speaking activities are explained in detail, and there is diversity in terms of methods and techniques (such as creative, critical, empathizing, persuasion, and discussion). In the MEB Pub., there is no explanation on how to apply strategies, and although the variety of methods and techniques is limited, the expressions about using strategies are implicit. In both coursebooks, there are examples of activities related to evaluating speaking, using voice, and dramatizing the text, but there are no achievements that meet these activities in the new Turkish Curriculum (2019).