bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk factors and mortality associated with undertriage after major trauma in a physician- led prehospital system: a retrospective multicentre cohort study
Authors: Benhamed Axel , Fraticelli Laurie , Claustre Clément , Cesareo Eric , Gossiome Amaury , Heidet Matthieu , Emond Marcel , Mercier Eric , Boucher Valérie , David Jean-Stéphane , Khoury Carlos El , Tazarourte Karim
Published: March 2022

Background
Direct transport of patients suffering major trauma to level-I trauma centres may reduce mortality. Emergency medical services therefore aim to limit undertriage so that all severely injured patients receive proper vital trauma care. Nevertheless, undertriage have been poorly examined in a physician-led prehospital system. The main objective of this study was to assess the incidence of undertriage. We also sought to determine its potential risk factors, as well as to assess its association with mortality.
Methods
A multicentre retrospective cohort study was performed using 2011–2017 data from a French regional trauma registry (RESUVal) that includes prehospital, and in-hospital data on trauma patients. All adults assessed by a physician-led mobile medical team with major trauma (Injury Severity Score [ISS] ≥ 16) were included. Major trauma patients transported directly to a level-I trauma centre were considered as correctly triaged. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with undertriage.
Results
7,110 trauma patients were screened, of whom 2,591 had an ISS ≥ 16. Median age was 42 (IQR 27–59) years old, 75.0% were male and 12.4% (n = 320) were undertriaged. In-hospital mortality was 18.3% among undertriaged patients vs 16.2% among correct-triaged patients (p = 0.473). Patients aged 51–65 years had higher risk for undertriage (OR = 1.60, 95%CI [1.11;2.26], p = 0.01). Conversely, mechanism (fall from height 0.62 [0.45;0.86], p = 0.01; gunshot/stab wounds 0.45 [0.22;0.90], p = 0.02), longer on-scene time (> 60 minutes, 0.62 [0.40;0.95], p = 0.03), prehospital endotracheal intubation (0.53 [0.39;0.71], p < 0.001), and prehospital focused assessment with sonography FAST (0.15 [0.08;0.29], p < 0.001) were associated with a lower risk for undertriage. After adjusting on severity, undertriage was not significantly associated with a greater risk of mortality (1.22 [0.80;1.89], p = 0.36).
Conclusions
In our region-wide, physician-led prehospital EMS system, undertriage in major trauma was higher than recommended and advanced age was associated with higher risk for undertriage. Conversely, a pre-hospital FAST was associated with a lower risk for undertriage. Specific triage procedures should be discussed in older trauma patients and further studies are needed to evaluate the impact of prehospital FAST on triage performance. We noted that undertriaged patients had no higher risk for mortality suggesting no impact of secondarily transfer and/or high trauma care quality in level-II trauma centres. Undertriage definition should be tailored to fit local trauma systems organization.
CT and MRI findings in gouty arthritis involving large joints of the upper extremities
Authors: Yuling Yang , Yongfei Guo , Shuiquan Yu , Zou Bin
Published: March 2022

Background
Gouty arthritis is a type of metabolic disease in which sodium urate crystals are deposited in the bone and joints, causing local inflammatory reactions and destruction of the bone tissue. Gouty arthritis involving the large joints of the upper extremities is rare in clinical practice. This study aimed to analyze the computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of gouty arthritis primarily involving the large joints of the upper limbs, signal or density characteristics of the tophi, growth patterns, involvement of the adjacent joints, and differentiation from other lesions occurring in this area and to discuss the causes of misdiagnosis.
Methods
CT and MRI data were collected from 14 patients with gouty arthritis, primarily involving the shoulder and elbow joints, and their imaging features were analyzed.
Results
14 patients were aged between 28 and 85 years,All patients demonstrated nodular or mass-like abnormal signal shadows on CT, with equal or slightly long signals on T1-weighted image (WI) and short or slightly long signals on T2WI in the MRI. All 14 patients revealed narrowing of the affected joint space, with bone resorption and erosion under the joint surface of the larger tophis. The tophis grew around the joint, with anterolateral and posterolateral tophis observed predominantly in the shoulder joint, and dorsal tophis observed predominantly in the elbow joint on the MRI, with compression and edema of the surrounding soft tissues.
Conclusions
We analyzed patients with gouty arthritis involving the large joints of the upper extremities and observed an increased prevalence in young and middle-aged men who may have had clear tophi in the past.
Polo-like kinase 1 plays an oncogenic role in pan-cancer based on bioinformatics and biological assays
Authors: Luo Lin , Zhang Xiao-Yang , Zhen Ying-Wei , Liu Zhen , Peng Da-Zhao , Wei Cheng , Liu Xian-Zhi , Han Lei , Zhang Zhen-Yu
Published: March 2022

Polo-like kinases (PLKs) are crucial regulatory factors of the cell cycle process and their dysregulations often cause various diseases including tumorigenesis. Although the PLKs, including PLK1, have been extensively studied and reported, few pan-cancer analyses are attainable. The potential oncogenic roles of PLK1 were thus explored among different cancers according to various online websites and datasets. PLK1 is always overexpressed in many cancers, and there is a significant relationship between its expression and the prognosis of cancer patients. In addition, the enrichment analysis suggested that PLK1 might related to “cell cycle”, “DNA replication”, “mismatch repair”, and “immune response” in pan-cancer, especially in glioma. Therefore, the analyses about genetic alterations and immune in pan-cancer were conducted. Furthermore, flow cytometry, CCK8 and EdU assays can further verify the above results of enrichment analysis. Moreover, DNA methylation and ceRNA network were analyzed to explore the potential mechanisms of aberrant expression of PLK1. In conclusion, our research about the oncogenic roles of PLK1 in pan-cancer further supplemented the oncogenic mechanisms of PLK1 and developed new potential therapeutic directions.
Efficacy of Topical Treatment with Hyaluronate without Preservatives, Trehalose, and Steroids in the Management of Ocular Surface Disease Affecting Patients Under Treatment with Glaucoma Medications
Authors: Giorgi-Sandoval Luz A. , Paczka Jose , Ibáñez-Sandoval Miguel A. , Ortiz-Moreno Carlos D. , Guerrero-Cuevas Fabiola M. , Paczka-Giorgi Luz A.
Published: March 2022

Background
To study the efficacy of mixed topical regimens with hyaluronate, trehalose, and steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the treatment of intense ocular surface disease (OSD) in patients under topical antiglaucoma agents. Methods: A retrospective evaluation was conducted of 7415 medical records of consecutive patients visiting a glaucoma center throughout a 2-year period. The analysis included cases with complete information for patients under preserved topical antiglaucoma treatment who were diagnosed with ocular surface disease (OSD), the severity of which was determined using the OSD Index (OSDI) score. Variables investigated were signs and symptoms related to OSD and the type and duration of topical treatment. The efficacy of two mixed-treatment regimens containing a tear substitute without preservatives and a topical steroid were compared in patients with moderate/severe OSD. Treatments differed in the administration of trehalose (T+) or not (T-). Results: Of 5158 cases under topical antiglaucoma treatment, 2634 (51.06%) showed some signs of OSD, with 725 cases showing moderate/severe OSD. Of these 725 cases, 396 and 329 cases were placed in the T + and T- groups, respectively. In the T + group, a global clinical improvement of 76.47% (299/391) was found, versus 58.38% (188/322; p = 0.024) in the T- group. The outcome variables (OSDI, TBUT, and corneal fluorescein staining) improved significantly in both groups between their initial and final visits (at least two months apart). The mean of these variables was significantly better in the T + group during the final visit (p ≤ 0.01). Conclusion: An improvement in OSD variables associated with antiglaucoma drugs was observed, particularly in the group that used trehalose. Therefore, this agent should be considered for routine use in patients with OSD, especially for cases of moderate to severe intensity; it is most useful when associated with non-preserved artificial tears and topical steroids.
Bacterial Infiltration and Detorque at the Implant-Abutment Morse Taper Interface after masticatory simulation
Authors: Tuzita Alessandra Sayuri , Bella Ana Paula Granja Scarabel Nogueira , Suffredini Ivana Barbosa , Kojima Alberto Noriyuki , Giovani Elcio Magdalena , Mesquita Alfredo Mikail Melo
Published: March 2022

This study evaluated the bacterial infiltration and the detorque of indexed and non-indexed abutments of Morse taper implants (MTI) after mechanical cycling (MC). 40 MTI were distributed into four groups: IIA-indexed implant abutments; NIIA-non-indexed implant abutments; IIAMC-indexed implant abutments submitted to MC; NIIAMC-non-indexed implant abutments submitted to MC, which were carried out under one million 5Hz frequency and 3 Bar pressure. After mechanical cycling, all groups were immersed in a bacterial solution in Brain Heart Infusion Agar. After detorque, the bacteria infiltration was evaluated by counting the colony-forming units. For the bacterial infiltration analysis were applied the Kruskal-Wallis test (p = 0.0176) followed by Dunn’s test. For the detorque analysis, the two-way repeated measures ANOVA was applied, followed by the Tukey’s test (p < 0.0001). Bacteria infiltration was highly observed in NIIA (p = 0.0027),and was absent in IIAMC and NIIAMC. The detorque values for IIA (19.96Ncm ± 0.19Ncm), NIIA (19.90Ncm ± 0.83Ncm), and NIIAMC (19.51Ncm ± 0,69Ncm) were similar and remained close to the initial value, while IIAMC (55.2Ncm ± 2.36Ncm) showed an extremely significant torque value increase (p < 0.0001). The mechanical cycling resulted in mechanical sealing of the implant-abutment interface, preventing bacterial infiltration in the indexed and non-indexed specimens, and increasing the detorque strength in the group of indexed abutments.
Parent Activation and Traumatic Stress in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Oelstrom Matthew J. , Gabor Rachel , Lee K. Jane , Mussatto Kathleen A.
Published: March 2022

Background
Nearly all parents in the PICU experience traumatic stress. Separately, parent activation is a measure of knowledge, confidence, and willingness to engage in the management of a child’s health. We aimed to identify associations between parent activation, parent traumatic stress, the passage of time, and factors that may influence parent traumatic stress in the PICU.
Methods
This was a single-center, prospective study of parents with a child in the PICU. Data were obtained via two surveys, one within 48 hours of PICU admission and a second one month later.
Results
A sample of 101 parents of 74 patients completed the initial survey. Of these, 44 completed the follow-up. Parent activation and traumatic stress near PICU admission were associated with activation (r = 0.61, p < 0.001) and traumatic stress (r = 0.63, p < 0.001) one month later, respectively. On admission, parents with more preexisting depression and anxiety reported more traumatic stress (r = 0.36, p = 0.001 and r = 0.35, p = 0.004), and parents who reported more background life stressors also reported more traumatic stress (r = 0.29, p = 0.002). One month after admission, parents who thought having a written daily schedule for their child was or could be helpful reported less stress (0.34 vs. 1.05, p = 0.001), and the more helpful they found the schedule, the less stress they reported (r=-0.65, p = 0.003). The perceived helpfulness of a chaplain correlated with parent activation at admission (r = 0.3, p = 0.009) and follow-up (r = .48, p = 0.007), and parental use of a support website was associated with higher parent activation at admission (80 vs. 70, p = 0.010).
Conclusions
Parent activation and parent traumatic stress symptoms within 48 hours of PICU admission predict activation and traumatic stress at one-month follow-up. Parent traumatic stress is associated with parent depression, anxiety, and background life stressors. It is inversely associated with the recognition, use, and perceived helpfulness of parent supports. Parent activation is positively associated with the recognition, use, and perceived helpfulness of supports. These findings advance the theory that parent activation is a relevant concept in the framework of factors that influence parent traumatic stress in the PICU.
Chronic, acute and protocol-dependent effects of exercise on psycho-physiological health during long-term isolation and confinement
Authors: Abeln Vera , Fomina E. , Popova J. , Braunsmann L. , Koschate J. , Möller F. , Fedyay S. O. , Vassilieva G. Y. , Schneider S. , Strüder H. K. , Klein T.
Published: March 2022

Exercise could prevent physical and psychological deteriorations, especially during pandemic times of lock-down scenarios and social isolation. But to meet both, the common exercise protocols require optimization based on holistic investigations and with respect to underlying processes. This study aimed to clarify individual chronic and acute effects of continuous and interval running exercise on physical and cognitive performance, mood, and affect and to explore underlying neurophysiological factors during a terrestrial simulated space mission.Six volunteers (three females) were isolated for 120 days. Accompanying exercise training consisted of continuous and interval running protocol a cross-over design. Incremental stage tests on a treadmill were done frequently to test physical performance. Actigraphy was used to monitor physical activity level. Cognitive performance, mood (MoodMeter®), affect (PANAS), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), vascular-endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and saliva cortisol were investigated prior to, four times during, and after isolation, pre- and post-exercise on two separate days, respectively. As a chronic effect, physical performance increased (and IGF-1 tended) in the course of isolation and training until the end of isolation. Subjective mood and affect state, as well as cognitive performance, basal BDNF and VEGF levels, were well-preserved across the intervention. No acute effects of exercise were detected, besides slower reaction time after exercise in two out of nine cognitive tests, testing sensorimotor speed and memory of complex figures. Consistently higher basal IGF-1 concentrations and faster reaction time in the psychomotor vigilance test were found for the continuous compared to the interval running protocol. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that 120 days of isolation and confinement can be undergone without cognitive and mental deteriorations. Regular, individual exercise training is hypothesized to play an important role in this regard. Continuous running exercise seems to trigger higher IGF-1 levels and vigilance compared to interval running. Systematic and prolonged investigations and larger sample size are required to follow up on exercise-protocol specific differences in order to optimize the exercise intervention for long-term psycho-physiological health and well-being.
Health Literacy, Health Outcomes and Community Health Worker Utilization in HIV Primary Care
Authors: Freibott Christina E. , Sprague-Martinez Linda S , Rajabiun Serena , Drainoni Mari-Lynn
Published: March 2022

Background: People with HIV (PWH) have complex needs, and those with limited health literacy consistently have poorer HIV-related knowledge and health outcomes. One strategy to facilitate better outcomes for PWH is the inclusion of community health workers (CHWs) in care teams. This study examines the effect of health literacy on clinical outcomes and utilization of CHW services among PWH enrolled in a CHW intervention. The secondary aim is to characterize most common purposes of CHW encounters. Methods: Individuals (n=209) enrolled in a CHW intervention with completed 6-month follow-up evaluation visits were included. Health literacy level was measured at baseline with the BRIEF tool and categorized into inadequate, marginal, and adequate health literacy. Adjusted logistic regressions assessed the effect of health literacy on viral load suppression, HIV primary care visits at 6-month follow-up, CHW utilization and purpose of CHW encounter. Purpose of CHW encounters included logistical support, accompany to appointment, transportation coordination, concrete services, coaching, and emotional support. Linear regression assessed the association between purpose of CHW encounters and CHW utilization. Results: Individuals with inadequate health literacy were more likely to receive coaching from CHWs, and individuals with marginal health literacy were more likely to have an HIV primary care visit at 6 months. Individuals receiving transportation coordination, concrete services, coaching, and emotional support had more total CHW encounters. Conclusions: PWH often receive coaching from CHWs, particularly those with lower health literacy. The purpose of CHW encounter was associated with frequency of CHW encounters, indicating these types of services require more assistance from CHWs.
Adaptation of T-STEM CT Scale to Turkish: Teacher self‑efficacy and outcome expectancy for teaching computational thinking
Authors: Saritepeci Mustafa , Durak Aykut
Published: March 2022

Computational thinking (CT) skills are accepted as fundamental literacy. Although the idea that K-12 teachers should teach students CT skills in an interdisciplinary context is heavily expressed, there is a need for a measurement tool in Turkish that measures teachers' self-efficacy in this regard. This study aims to adapt the T-STEM CT scale, developed by Boulden et al. (2021), into Turkish and to carry out validity and reliability studies of this scale. The original scale consists of a 5-point Likert scale and 13 items. The participants of this study consisted of 168 teachers from different branches working in K-12 schools. It was carried out by selecting for application purposes and a convenient sampling method. Various validity and reliability methods were used to validate the scale. According to the results, the two-factor (Factor1: T-STEM CT self-efficacy, Factor2: T-STEM CT outcome expectancy) and thirteen-item structure had an acceptable fit with the data. Consequently, the validity and reliability of a Turkish tool measuring teaching efficacy beliefs for computational thinking skills were confirmed.
Impact of Surgical Factors on Delayed Hyponatremia in Patients With Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenoma After Endonasal Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Procedure
Authors: Tanaka Haku , Nishimura Fumihiko , Nakase Kenta , Kakutani Miho , Yokoyama Shohei , Morimoto Takayuki , Kim Taekyun , Park Young-Soo , Nakagawa Ichiro , Yamada Shuichi , Tamura Kentaro , Matsuda Ryosuke , Takeshima Yasuhiro , Kotsugi Masashi , Nakase Hiroyuki
Published: March 2022

Purpose Delayed hyponatremia can occur after pituitary surgery, resulting in prolonged hospitalization. However, the influence of surgical factors after such a procedure has not been well established. The impact of surgery and related factors on delayed hyponatremia were investigated.Methods This was a retrospective analysis of 137 consecutive patients who underwent transsphenoidal surgery for a nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma between 2008 and 2019. Preoperative (demographics, comorbidities), intraoperative (resection extent, operation time, blood loss volume, cerebrospinal fluid leak, tumor consistency), and postoperative [hematoma, meningitis, diabetes insipidus (DI), hormonal assessment] data were collected, with statistical analysis of each factor performed. Results Among the 137 patients, delayed hyponatremia occurred in 31 (22.6%). Multivariate analysis revealed that those with hypertension had a significantly higher likelihood of avoiding delayed hyponatremia (p=0.004). Although no correlations of direct surgical factors with delayed hyponatremia were found, multivariate analysis of indirect surgical factors showed that presence of a firm tumor, transient DI, and meningitis were significantly associated with delayed hyponatremia (p=0.014, 0.001, and 0.047, respectively). There was also a significant association of severe hyponatremia with appearance of symptoms (p=0.002). Conclusion The results showed that hypertension had a tendency to be associated with delayed hyponatremia avoidance. While no direct surgical factors were revealed, indirect surgical factors including tumor consistency, transient DI, and meningitis were found to have an influence on delayed hyponatremia. It was concluded that attention should be given to non-hypertensive patients with a firm tumor, transient DI, or meningitis after pituitary surgery, as delayed hyponatremia may occur.
Performance Evaluation of A Non-Invasive One-Step Multiplex RT-Qpcr Assay for Detection of SARS-Cov-2 Direct from Human Saliva
Authors: Jenkins Harry H. , Lopez Ana A. Tellechea , Tarantini Francesco Saverio , Tomlin Hannah , Scales Danielle , Lee I-Ning , Wu Siyu , Hyde Ralph , Lis-Slimak Katarzyna , Byaruhanga Timothy , Thompson Jamie L. , Pijuan-Galito Sara , Doolan Lara , Kaneko Kazuyo , Gwynne Penny , Reffin Caroline , Park Emily , Dey Jayasree , Hill Jack , Arendt-Tranholm Asta , Stroud Amy , Petrie Moira , Denning Chris , Benest Andrew V. , Seedhouse Claire
Published: March 2022

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has proven to be the gold-standard for SARS-CoV-2 detection in clinical settings. The most common approaches rely on nasopharyngeal specimens obtained from swabs, followed by RNA extraction, reverse transcription and quantitative PCR. Although swab-based PCR is sensitive, swabbing is invasive and unpleasant to administer, reducing patient compliance for regular testing and resulting in an increased risk of improper sample collection. To overcome these obstacles, we developed a non-invasive one-step RT-qPCR assay performed directly on saliva specimens. The University of Nottingham Asymptomatic Testing Service (UoNATS) protocol simplifies sample collection and bypasses the need for RNA extraction, additives, or extraneous processing steps, thus helping to encourage more regular testing and reducing processing time and costs. We have evaluated the assay against the performance criteria specified by the UK regulatory bodies and attained accreditation (BS EN ISO/IEC 17025:2017) for SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic testing by the United Kingdom Accreditation Service (UKAS). We observed a sensitivity of 1 viral copy per microlitre of saliva and demonstrated a concordance of >99.4% between our results and those of other accredited testing facilities. We concluded that saliva is a stable medium with surprising longevity, and allows for a highly precise, repeatable, and robust testing method.
Reference values of impulse oscillometry (IOS) for healthy Chinese children aged 4-17 years
Authors: Wu Jinhong , Zhang Hao , Shi Yongsheng , Wang Jinrong , Han Yuling , Zhang Qiaoling , Wang Ning , Liu Sha , Zhang Yuehua , Zi Huifen , Wang Fei , Liu Aihong , Song Yuxin , Jia ChunMei , Feng Yong , Liu Quanhua , Wan liya , Ji Minghong , Long Zhen , Huang Jianfeng , Liu Li , Sun Yun , Tang Suping , Dong Xiaoyan , Zhou Xiaojian , Jiang Wenhui , Shen Li , Jiang Haohua
Published: March 2022

Objective: To establish the predicted value of pulmonary function determined by Impulse Oscillometry (IOS) in children (4~17 years old) in China. Methods: A total of 6270 healthy children aged 4 to 17 in Shanghai were included. The Master Screen IOS pulmonary function device (Jaeger Co, Germany) was used to detect the respiratory impedance (Zrs), resonant frequency (Fres)), viscosity resistance (Rrs) and elastic resistance (Xrs) at various oscillation frequencies, and the indexes above were analyzed. The stepwise multivariate regression was used to establish the regression equation of related parameters of IOS in different genders, ages, height, and weight. Results: The differences in the main IOS parameters between different age groups are statistically significant regardless of sex (P<0.05). The stepwise multivariate regression analysis showed that IOS parameters were related to height, age, and weight, and most IOS parameters were most closely related to height (the absolute value of regression coefficient was the largest). With the increase of age and height, the values of Z5, R5, R20 and Fres decreased, while the value of X5 increased. Through height, age and weight, we get the normal predicted values equation of children's IOS parameters. Compared with lechtenboerger prediction equation, our equation is more suitable for Chinese children.Conclusions: The study revealed the reference values of IOS parameters in healthy Chinese children. In the evaluation of results for lung function measurements, this predicted value equation is more in line with the characteristics of Chinese children than that of foreign's.Clinical Trial：ChiCTR: 1800019029.
Linguistic properties of science-specific terms -- Insights from German and English Wikipedia
Authors: Wulff Peter
Published: March 2022

Becoming literate in a domain is intricately linked to getting immersed in a speech community and learn the respective language. Learning the respective language is then determined by the specific properties of that language, e.g., what words appear frequently in what contexts? Hence, determining the linguistic properties with principled means is crucial to analyzing learning processes in a domain. This study explores linguistic properties of terms in the science domains (biology, chemistry, and physics) to texture our understanding of potential affordances and challenges in learning concepts in these domains. We use machine learning and natural language processing to analyze language in a principled way. German and English Wikipedia articles that were categorized as science-related. The different languages were used as contrasting cases. Through a deep neural network approach we sought to gain insights into learnability of core science concepts. Our findings indicate that in German and English Wikipedia terms such as theory, time, energy, or system emerge as most central in the domain of physics. However, these central terms also tend to be more difficult to learn (for the deep neural network) in their respective contexts. Our findings indicate that mining Wikipedia can have potential to analyze learning-related processes in domains such as the sciences.
Isolation and Characterization of Larvicidal N-alkylamides from Acmella ciliata HBK
Authors: Arumugam Neelakantan , Sharma Rahul
Published: March 2022

The transmission of pathogens by mosquito vectors predisposes several diseases leading to severe human mortality worldwide. The phenomenon of acquired resistance to insecticides or larvicides intensifies a thrust for discovery of novel alternatives for control of the diseases spread by these vectors. Present study demonstrates isolation of a couple of major N-alkylamides from A. ciliata and reveal larvicidal activity (LA) on larvae of Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus that spread pathogens of dengue and filariasis respectively. The two compounds were identified to be 2E,4E-N-isobutyl undeca-2,4-diene-8,10-diynamide (NUD) and 2E,4E,8Z,10E-N-isobutyl dodeca-2,4,8,10-tetraenamide (NDT). The LC50 of NUD for late III – early IV instar larvae of Ae. aegypti was 44.19 ppm and 30.89 ppm respectively. The LC50 of NDT for the same were 18.28 ppm and 11.75 ppm respectively. NDT was found more toxic than NUD with both having a higher potency than methoprene (MET), the commercial larvicide. Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) study revealed that the chain length, degree of unsaturation and terminal methylation in the molecules influence the extent of LA. The compounds isolated in this study were further demonstrated for use as standards in analytical biochemistry. NUD and NDT content varied, in different parts of the plant, with both accumulating maximally at 19.01 mg/g and 68.55 mg/g, respectively in flowers. The LOD and LOQ for estimation of NUD by HPLC was 0.80 µg/ml and 2.51 µg/ml respectively, whereas, these were 5.50 µg/ml and 16.70 µg/ml, respectively, for NDT. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the purification of larvicidal N-alkylamides from A. ciliata and demonstration of their use as biochemical standard.
Odor cueing during sleep improves consolidation of a history lesson in a school setting
Authors: VIDAL VANESSA , BARBUZZA ALEJO , TASSONE LEONELA , BRUSCO LUIS , BALLARINI FABRICIO , FORCATO CECILIA
Published: March 2022

Sleep is a key factor in memory consolidation. During sleep, information is reactivated, transferred, and redistributed to neocortical areas, thus favoring memory consolidation and integration. While they occur spontaneously, these reactivations can also be induced using external cues linked to the acquired information, such as sound or odor cues. Hence, the target memory reactivation during sleep represents an advantageous tool to improve school content in real-life settings. In this study, our goal was to improve consolidation of complex information such as a history lesson, using one session of study at school in the presence of an odor, and one reactivation round while sleeping in their homes on the same night of the acquisition, without using additional study sessions. We found that complex information can be associated with an odor in the classroom, and one session of reactivation during the first night of sleep in the students’ houses improves its consolidation. These results bring new evidence for the implementation of reactivation during sleep in real-life settings.
Brain infiltration of breast cancer stem cells is facilitated by paracrine signaling by inhibitor of differentiation 3 to nuclear respiratory factor 1
Authors: Felty Quentin , Das Jayanta K , Deoraj Alok , Roy Deodutta
Published: March 2022

Treatment options for brain metastatic breast cancer is limited because the molecular mechanism for how breast cancer cells infiltrate the brain is not fully understood. In order for breast tumors to metastasize to the brain first cells need to detach from the primary tumor, enter in the blood circulation, survive within the microvascular niche, and then cross the blood brain barrier (BBB) to colonize into the brain. It is critical to understand how breast cancer cells transmigrate through the BBB to prevent brain metastasis. Nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1) transcription factor has been reported to be highly active in several human cancers and its aberrant expression facilitates in the acquisition of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). Inhibitor of differentiation protein 3 (ID3), a transcription regulating protein, induces pluripotent endothelial stem cells (ESCs). Herein we investigated if NRF1-induced BCSCs could cross a BBB model and guiding of BCSCs by ID3-induced ESCs across the BBB. BCSCs and ESCs were subjected to functional gain/loss experiments to determine if NRF1/ID3 contributed to lineage specific BCSCs organ entry. First, we tested whether NRF1 promoted migration of breast cancer using a BBB model consisting of BCSCs or MDA-MB231 cells, brain endothelial cell layer, and astrocytes. NRF1 overexpression increased the propensity for BCSCs and NRF1-induced MDA-MB231 cells to adhere to brain endothelial cells and migrate across a human BBB model. Increased adhesion of NRF1 induced BCSCs to ESCsID3 was detected. NRF1 induced BCSCs crossed through the BBB model and this was promoted by ESCsID3. We also showed that environmental relevant exposure to PCBs (PCB153 and PCB77) produced differential effects. Treatment with PCB153 showed increased growth of NRF1 induced BCSCs tumor spheroids and increased in vivo migration of ESCsID3. Exosomal ID3 released from endothelial cells also supported the growth of NRF1 induced BCSCs and provide the basis for paracrine effects by ESCsID3 associated with breast tumors. Xenograft experiments showed that ID3 overexpressing brain ESCs not only supported the growth of BCSC tumorospheroids but guided them to the neural crest in zebrafish. These findings show for the first time a novel role for ID3 and NRF1 by which ESCsID3 help guide BCSCsNRF1 to distant metastatic sites where they most likely facilitate the colonization, survival, and proliferation of BCSCs. This knowledge is important for pre-clinical testing of NRF1/ID3 modifying agents to prevent the spread of breast cancer to the brain.
Correlation of drug resistance pattern with Lipase Production in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae
Authors: Devanathan Kanimozhi , Sivaraman Umadevi , Subramaniam Pramodhini , Easow Joshy
Published: March 2022

Aim
The aim of our study is to correlate drug resistance patterns with Lipase production in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Materials and Methods
A total of 150 clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae from various clinical samples collected during the period from July 2020 to December 2020 was included in this study. Lipase production was detected by tween 80 agar and an antibiotic susceptibility test has been performed by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method as per CLSI guidelines [10]. Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers were detected by combined disc diffusion method and Carbapenemase production was detected by using the E-test strip method.
Results and Discussion
Out of 150 consecutive non-duplicate isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae, 74 isolates from Exudate, 7 from Blood, and 69 were from urine. Among 150 isolates, 85(56.6%) isolates produced Lipase production, 43(57.3%) were ESBL producers and 20(32.25%) isolates were positive for Carbapenemase production.
Conclusion
Showing virulence in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae, and the antibiotic susceptibility pattern with lipase production in Klebsiella pneumoniae were noticed. If the virulence is increased in Klebsiella pneumoniae, a drug-resistant pattern also shows more resistance in number. And finally, to correlate the ESBL and Carbapenemase producer with lipase production, in that also the ESBL and Carbapenemase producer shows more number with lipase production. And also noted, when compared with outpatients, inpatients show more lipase production. And hence ampicillin is an intrinsic resistance to Klebsiella pneumoniae. In this study, to correlate the drug-resistant pattern, ESBL, and Carbapenemase producer with lipase production in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae.
A model for EEG Topography
Authors: Aru O. E.
Published: March 2022

Motions of charges between neurons produce some currents. These currents emit some electromagnetic waves which could be taken by electrodes on the scalp and form topographic images. In this research, a model is proposed which formulate EEG topographic parameters in terms of charge and mass of exchanged particles between neurons, number of neurons and length of synapses. In this model, by having densities of frequencies in different regions of brain, one can predict type, charge and velocity of particles which are exchanged between neurons. Testing the model by experimental data gives the good values for parameters which are in agreement with previous predictions.
Preparation Characterization and Blood Compatibility Studies of Silk Fibroin / Gelatin / Curcumin based Injectable Hydrogels
Authors: Akulo KASSAHUN ALULA , Adali Terin , Ebedal Oğuz Han
Published: March 2022

Background
Hydrogel is a structure with three-dimension that have the potential to absorb and retain water inside of it. Currently hydrogels made from natural biopolymers are preferred in the discipline of biomedicine due to their nature of blood compatibility, adhesion of platelets and protein binding, ease of administration and delivery of ingredients to the place of action. The purpose of this study is preparing blood compatible injectable hydrogels from naturally obtained polymers of biomaterials in a combination of different proportion, characterizing and analyzing its physiochemical blood compatibility and morphological structures.
Methods
Three different compositions of gelatin, dialyzed SF, curcumin and N, N methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) in different groups coded by IVA, IVB and IVC were used. The combinations were evenly mixed on a magnetic stirrer. After an hour of the gelation process it has been kept under refrigerator at 4°C. For characterization and biocompatibility studies of hydrogel swelling test and biodegradation analysis, SEM, FTIR, In-vitro coagulation tests, total serum albumin and cholesterol level analysis were applied,
Results
Injectable hydrogel successfully made from the combinations of SF/GE/CU/ in the presence of a cross linker MBA and the result from physiochemical biocompatibility and morphological characteristics study were confirmed that natural biopolymers used in this study are a candidate for biomedical applications.
Conclusion
The result confirmed that the composition coded by IVC was identified the most stable composition and suitable in its morphological structure with excellent blood compatible nature recommended for further biomedical applications.
Construction of Magnetic Nanochains to Achieve Magnetic Energy Coupling in Scaffold
Authors: Shuai Cijun , Chen Xuan , He Chongxian , Qian Guowen , Shuai Yang , Yao Jia , Xu Wendi , Peng Shuping , Deng Youwen , Yang Wenjing
Published: March 2022

Background: Fe3O4 nanoparticles are highly desired for constructing endogenous magnetic microenvironment in scaffold to accelerate bone regeneration due to their superior magnetism. However, their random arrangement easily leads to mutual consumption of magnetic poles, thereby weakening the magnetic stimulation effect. Methods: In this study, magnetic nanochains are synthesized by magnetic-field-guided interface co-assembly of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. In detail, multiple Fe3O4 nanoparticles are aligned along the direction of magnetic force lines and are connected in series to form nanochain structures under an external magnetic field. Subsequently, the nanochain structures are covered and fixed by depositing a thin layer of silica (SiO2), and consequently forming linear magnetic nanochains (Fe3O4@SiO2). The Fe3O4@SiO2 nanochains are then incorporated into poly l-lactic acid (PLLA) scaffold prepared by selective laser sintering technology.Results: The results show that the Fe3O4@SiO2 nanochains with unique core-shell structure are successfully constructed. Meanwhile, the orderly assembly of nanoparticles in the Fe3O4@SiO2 nanochains enable to form magnetic energy coupling and obtain a highly magnetic micro-field. The in vitro tests indicate that the PLLA/Fe3O4@SiO2 scaffolds exhibit superior capacity in enhancing cell activity, improving osteogenesis-related gene expressions, and inducing cell mineralization compared with PLLA and PLLA/Fe3O4 scaffolds. Conclusion: In short, the Fe3O4@SiO2 nanochains endow scaffolds with good magnetism and cytocompatibility, which have great potential in accelerating bone repair.
Combined Analysis of mRNA and miRNA Reveals the Banana Potassium Absorption Regulatory Network and Validation of miRNA160a
Authors: Chen Wenliang , Dong Tao , Chen Yinglong , Lin Ping , Wang Chuqiao , Chen Kelin , Tang Yi , Wang Mingyuan , Liu Jianfu , Yu Hailing
Published: March 2022

Potassium (K) has an important effect on the growth and development of plants. Banana contains high K content than many other fruits, and its plant requires more K nutrient in soil. However, the soil in the banana-producing areas in China is generally deficient in K. Therefore, understanding the mechanism of banana K absorption may assis in providing effective strategy to solve this problem. This study used two banana varieties with contrasting K tolerance, ‘Guijiao No. 1’ (low-K tolerant), and ‘Brazilian banana’ (low-K sensitive)to investigate K absorption mechanisms in response to low K stress through miRNA and mRNA sequencing analysis. Under low K condition, ‘Guijiao No.1’ showed higher plant height, dry weight, tissue K content and ATPase activity. Transcription factor analysis results showed that it was mainly concentrated in MYB, AP2-EREBP, bHLH, etc. The sequencing results showed that ‘Guijiao No. 1’ had 776 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 27 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs), and ‘Brazilian banana’ had 71 DEGs and 14 DEMs. RT-qPCR results showed that all miRNAs and mRNAs showed similar expression patterns with RNA-Seq and transcriptome. miRNA regulatory network was constructed by integrated analysis of miRNA-mRNA data. miR160a was screened out as a key miRNA, and preliminary functional validation was performed. Arabidopsis overexpressed miRNA160a reduced tolerance to low K, and inhibited phenotypical traits such as root length, and reduced K accumulation. The overexpressed miR160a had a targeting relationship with ARF10 and ARF16 in Arabidopsis. These results indicate that miRNA160a may regulate K absorption in bananas through the auxin pathway. This study provides a theoretical basis for further research on the molecular mechanism underlying the response of banana plants to low-K stress and for molecular breeding.
Participatory budgeting and climate change: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Rocha Gleidcy Helle dos Helle dos Reis , Costa Claúdia
Published: March 2022

Climate change is an undeniable and tangible reality with consequences that have gradually become more serious, for this reason, is necessary to find tools to prevent further damage from occurring. In this context that the Participatory Budget fits, which over the last few years, has been commonly used as a tool for mitigating and adapting to climate change. Thereupon, the scope of this study is to carry out a mapping of academic production related to participatory budgeting and climate change. For this purpose, we chose to use bibliometric techniques, using two software: Bliblioshiny by Bibliometrix and Vosviewer, making it possible to analyze citations, co-citations and text of articles obtained from Scopus and Web of Science databases. As for the results, it was possible to observe that despite the imminent need to study the themes, there is a tiny amount of works, indicating that there is still much to be done.
Trajectory Planning for UAV Navigation in Dynamic Environments with Matrix Alignment Dijkstra
Authors: Wang Jinyang , Li Yuhua , Li Ruixuan , Chen Hao , Chu Kejing
Published: March 2022

The trajectory planning for UAVs in the dynamic environments is a challenging task. Many restrictions should be taken into consideration, including dynamic terrain collision, no-fly zone criteria, power and fuel criteria and so on. However, some methods treat dynamic restrictions as static in order to reduce cost and obtain efficient and acceptable paths. To achieve optimal, efficient and acceptable paths, we first use a high-dimension matrix, Extended Hierarchical Graph (EHG), to model the unexplored dynamic grid environment and to convert weather conditions to passable coefficient. The original shortest path planning task is then translated to plan the safest path. Therefore, we propose a new forward-exploration and backward-navigation algorithm, Matrix Alignment Dijkstra (MAD), to pilot UAVs. We use matrix alignment operation to simulate the parallel exploration process of all cells from time t to t+1. This exploration process can be accelerated on a GPU. Finally, we recall the optimal path according to the navigator matrix. In addition, we can achieve UAV path planning from one source cell to multiple target cells within one single run. We validate our method on a real dynamic weather dataset and get competitive results in both efficiency and accuracy. We analyse the performance of MAD on a grid-based benchmark dataset and artificial maze data. Simulated results show MAD is especially helpful when the grid-based environment is large-scale and dynamic.
Quality assurance and improvement in oncology using guideline-derived quality indicators –results of the Gynaecological Cancer Centers certified by the German Cancer Society (DKG)
Authors: Griesshammer Ellen , Wesselmann Simone , Beckmann Matthias W. , Dannecker Christian , Wagner Uwe , Sibert Nora Tabea , Armbrust Robert , Sehouli Jalid
Published: March 2022

Purpose: On the example of Gynaecological Cancer Centres (GCCs) certified by the German Cancer Society, this study evaluates results of medical guideline derived quality indicators (QIs) for cervical cancer (CC) and ovarian cancer (OC), examines how implementation of the indicators developed over the course-of-time, status of the guideline-compliant-care and identifies improvement measures.Methods: QI results for patients with CC and OC treated in GCCs between 2015-2019 are analysed. The QIs median, overall proportion and standard deviation were calculated. Two-sided Cochran-Armitage tests were applied.Results: QIs are divided in two categories: process-organization (PO-QIs) and treatment-procedures (TP-QIs), to allow a differentiated analysis for identifying improvement measures.PO-QIs that reflect the implementation of processes and structures show a high application. PO-QIs have tremendous influence on the quality of care, while being easy implementable through SOPs.TP-QIs report on treatments that are performed in the GCC.TP-QIs that report on systemic-therapies reach a plateau where the guideline is known, but patient-related-reasons meaningfully prevent further increase. TP-QIs that report on surgical interventions fluctuate. Most relevant factors are practitioners’ personal skills. Besides the discussion of results amongst peers during the audit, improvement measures could include surgical courses or coaching.Conclusion: The analysis shows that a combination of different measures is necessary to anchor quality sustainably in health care and thus improve it.
Geometric Origin of Intrinsic Spin Hall Effect in an Inhomogeneous Electric Field
Authors: Zhang Anwei , Rhim Jun-Won
Published: March 2022

In recent years, the spin Hall effect has been received great attention because of its potential application in spintronics and quantum information processing and storage. However, this effect is usually studied under the external homogeneous electric field. Understanding how the inhomogeneous electric field affects the spin Hall effect is still lacking. Here, we give the general expression for the intrinsic spin Hall conductivity in the presence of the inhomogeneous electric field, which is shown to be expressed through gauge-invariant geometric quantities. On the other hand, when people get physical intuition on transport phenomena from the wave packet, one issue appears. It is shown that the conductivity obtained from the conventional wave packet approach cannot be fully consistent with the one predicted by the Kubo-Greenwood formula. Here, we attempt to solve this problem.