bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE MAKE A MATCH
Authors: Siang Nur
Published: November 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan proses penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe make a match, dan pencapaian hasil belajar serta peningkatan hasil belajar peserta didik kelas V UPT SDN 52 Kepulauan Selayar Semester I Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021. Penelitian ini dilakukan kepada peserta didik kelas V UPT SDN 52 Kepulauan Selayar Semester I Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021 dengan jumlah peserta didik 8 orang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian tindakan kelas. Pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Instrumen pengumpulan data, yaitu tes dan lembar observasi. Indikator keberhasilan pelaksanaan pembelajaran pada penelitian ini, yaitu indikator kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Penelitian ini terdiri atas 3 siklus, yaitu siklus I, siklus II dan siklus III. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe make a match dapat meningkatkan keaktifan peserta didik serta hasil belajar Pendidikan Agama Islam pada materi Mengenal Allah Swt. melalui Asmaul Husna dan Kitab-Kitab-Nya di UPT SDN 52 Kepulauan Selayar Semester I Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021. Aktivitas belajar dari siklus I ke siklus II terdapat peningkatan yang cukup signifikan yaitu dari 62,5% meningkat menjadi 87,5%, sedangkan dari siklus II ke siklus III juga terjadi peningkatan yang cukup signifikan yaitu dari 87,5% meningkat menjadi 100%.
SOSIALISASI PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN COURSE REVIEW HORAY DAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN MAKE A MATCH
Authors: Nurliyana Nurliyana , Ismail Ilyas , Andi Mattoliang Lisnasari , Halimah Andi , Mardhiah Mardhiah
Published: November 2022

Abstrak

Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah memberikan sosialisasi penerapan dua model pembelajaran yaitu model course review horay dan model make a match dalam pembelajaran matematika. Populasi dalam kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 26 Makassar yang berjumlah 278 siswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah teknik simple random sampling. Sampel kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah siswa kelas VII-1 dengan jumlah siswa 30 orang terpilih sebagai kelas eksperimen1 sedangkan kelas VII-3 dengan jumlah 31 orang sebagai kelas eksperimen 2. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengetahui hasil belajar siswa berupa tes essai. Data diolah menggunakan analisis deskriptif.

 

Abstract

This dedication activity aims to provide socialization for applying two learning models, namely the course review horay model and the make a match model in mathematics learning. The population in this service activity was all students of class VII SMP Negeri 26 Makassar, totalling 278 students. The sampling technique used was a simple random sampling technique. The sample of this service activity was class VII-1 students with 30 students selected as the experimental class1 while class VII-3 with 31 people as the experimental class 2. The instrument used to determine student learning outcomes was in the form of an essay test. The data were processed using descriptive analysis.
PENDAMPINGAN PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA MENGGUNAKAN METODE GIVING QUESTION AND GETTING ANSWER DAN LEARNING START WITH A QUESTION PADA SISWA KELAS X MAN BARAKA KABUPATEN ENREKANG
Authors: Amatullah S. Miftah , Latuconsina Nurkhalisah , Yuliany Nur , Kusumayanti Andi , Ichiana Nidya Nina
Published: November 2022

Abstrak

Metode pembelajaran dapat mendukung hasil belajar siswa, diantaranya metode giving question and getting answer dan learning start with a question. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil belajar matematika siswa menggunakan metode giving question and getting answer dan learning start with a question terhadap siswa kelas X MAN Baraka. Pengabdian ini menggunakan pretest-posttest control group design. Dalam menentukan sampel digunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel 60 siswa dari 2 kelas yang diambil dari 4 kelas dengan siswa sebanyak 126 orang. Data dikumpulkan melalui tes berupa pretest dan posttest yang berbentuk esai. Soal disusun dengan mengacu pada aspek kognitif yang akan dinilai, yaitu C1, C2, C3, dan C4. Data dianalisis dengan analisis statistik deskriptif dan statistik inferensial. Dengan menggunakan uji independent sample test diperoleh signifikan sebesar 0,010 yang menunjukkan bahwa terdapat komparasi hasil belajar matematika siswa menggunakan metode giving question and getting answer dan learning start with a question terhadap siswa kelas X MAN Baraka.

 

Abstract

Learning methods can support student learning outcomes, including methods of giving questions and getting answers and learning start with a question. This purpose of this service to determine students' mathematics learning outcomes using the method of giving questions and getting answers and learning start with a question to class X students of MAN Baraka. This research is a quasi experimental research design using pretest-posttest control group design. In determining the sample used purposive sampling technique with a total sample of 60 students from 2 classes taken from 4 classes with 126 students. The data in this study were collected through tests in the form of a pretest and posttest in the form of an essay. The questions were arranged with reference to the cognitive aspects to be assessed, namely C1, C2, C3, and C4. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis and inferential statistics. By using the independent sample test, it was obtained a significant value of 0.010 which indicates that there is a comparison of students' mathematics learning outcomes using the method of giving questions and getting answers and learning start with a question to class X students of MAN Baraka.
MERAWAT INTELEKTUAL DAN KEKELUARGAAN DI BUMI MASENREMPULU DESA PUNDILEMO
Authors: Permana Imam , Kadir Fitriani , Setiadi Edy , Nur Fira Sri , Hijriani Nursul
Published: November 2022

Caring for intellectuals and kinship on earth Masenrempulu Pundilemo Village. The purpose of this service is to provide assistance, empower the community in the implementation of religious development and family values ​​in Pundilemo Village. This community service was carried out for 45 days. The service team carried out the preparation of activities in the form of initial actions, namely approaching local residents, village officials and also conducting surveys for approximately a week as an initial step to develop a work program. The method used is the SWOT (Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities, and Threats) analysis method. The SWOT analysis method is a practical method used to find out the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and obstacles of each problem. This community service activity has succeeded in growing intellectual and family values ​​in Pundilemo Village, especially in the fields of education, religion, and health. In addition, the community's response is also very good even though the implementation of the work program is still not 100% perfect.
PENINGKATAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR MATA PELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DAN BUDI PEKERTI MELALUI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN POWER POINT PADA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS V SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Basri Basri
Published: November 2022

This study aims to determine the increase in motivation to learn Islamic religious education and ethics subjects through PowerPoint learning media in class V students of SD IT Wihdatul Ummah, Takalar Regency. The type of research used in this study was Classroom Action Research. The research was located at SD IT Wihdatul Ummah, Takalar Regency, with ten students as the subjects in class V. The instruments used were in the form of learning motivation observation sheets and PowerPoint media observation sheets. Furthermore, the analytical technique used in this study was observational data analysis on learning motivation. The study concluded that media exposure significantly increased students' motivation to learn about Islamic religious education and ethics from cycle to cycle. The PowerPoint media can improve student learning motivation in grade V students of SD IT Wihdatul Ummah, Takalar Regency.
Rabies-Monoclonal Antibody - A Perspective
Authors:   Senior Resident,  Department of Community Medicine, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India, Panda Manasi
Published: November 2022

Rabies is an acute viral zoonotic disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS) of all warm-blooded animals, including mammals. Research studies and experience from across the world have demonstrated that appropriate administration of a combination of (a) local wound treatment, (b) anti-rabies vaccination and (c) passive immunization have proved to be quite effective in preventing the occurrence of rabies. As far as passive immunization is concerned, polyclonal plasma-derived rabies immunoglobulins (RIG) pose a number of limitations with scarce supply, high cost, etc. amongst many others. On the contrary Rabies Monoclonal Antibodies (R-mAb) are much cheaper, permit longer-term storage, etc. and hence could offer a more standardized, accessible, affordable and equally efficacious and safer alternative to RIG. Accordingly, this article has tried to throw light on the transition from RIG to monoclonal antibody-based Post Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) which has been recommended by the WHO strongly. The advantages, limitations and future scope of R-mAb have been discussed at length to give a comprehensive idea about this novel invention in the field of medicine.
Delayed Childhood Immunization and its Associated Factors in Children under 2 Years of Age in Kelambakkam, Chengalpattu District
Authors:   Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research & Education, Kelambakkam, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India, D Raja
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Immunisation is the most effective public health intervention for reducing morbidity and mortality among young children. Even though we have witnessed an increase in immunization status, the lag in vaccinating younger children and the rural-urban gap in immunizing kids is still a matter of concern. Any disruption in the ongoing immunization services might even contribute to the initiation of the secondary outbreak of vaccine-preventable diseases. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the immunization status of children under 2 years of age in Kelambakkam, along with the determinants of missed/delayed immunization using a semi-structured questionnaire to the parents of children below 2 years of age residing in Kelambakkam area of Chengalpattu district. Results: Delay in immunization was recorded in 34.28% of children among the entire study participants. Vaccines like MR1 (Measles, Rubella), and PCV Booster given at 9 months were delayed in 25% of children. Immunization delay and birth order of the baby were found to be significantly associated with each other. Conclusion: The delivery of basic health services like childhood immunization in Chengalpattu was majorly disrupted due to the ongoing pandemic. The findings of our study may be considered a basic reference for implementing any plan of action to improve childhood vaccination coverage during an epidemic or natural disaster or pandemic.
Hypoxia and Cigarette Smoke - A Combined Threat to the Brain: Role of Toll-like Receptor 4 in Neuroinflammatory Changes
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur, India, Krishnan Jayalakshmi
Published: November 2022

The mammalian brain is composed of 20% of oxygen. The depletion in the level of oxygen may lead to hypoxia, resulting in neurological changes. Recent findings of Toll-like receptors (TLR) such as TLR-2, 3, 4 and 8 in the mammalian nervous system showedneuroinflammation in the brain. The activation of TLR4 by both exogenous and endogenous ligands leads to various inflammatory diseases likeatherosclerosis, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis and prostate cancer. This study confirms the involvement of NF-κB in TLR4-axis-induced neuroinflammationin the brain. Cigarette Smoke contains many toxic chemicals such as carcinogenic compounds which areinjurious to health, causing death worldwide. The role of TLR4 in activating the Brain during Cigarette Smoke exposure is not yet understood. Hence this study reviewed the use of the cell culture in vitro model as well as in vivo mouse model of TLR4-/- mouse exposed to hypobaric hypoxia to test hypothesis. Methodology: This review explored articles fromthe past 15 years to study the action of toll-like receptor 4 in neuroinflammatory changes. Those articles which lacked full texts were excluded from the review. A total of 61 articles were enrolled in this review article. Results: The recent findings of TLR in Neurons, showed the involvement of external stimuli such as Cigarette smoke causing various neurological disorders and brain inflammation. The role of TLR4 in activating the brain during acute and chronic cigarette smoke exposure is not yet investigated and also the neuroimmune mechanisms of cigarette smoke are not yet clearly understood. Conclusion: Smoking-related neurological disorders requirea proper understanding of the mechanisms of such damage for therapeutic development. Hence research should be carried out to study the TLR4 mechanisms and pathways in various inflammatory diseases.
Efficacy of Unani Combination Therapy in the Management of Acne Vulgaris: A Randomised Standard Controlled Study
Authors:   Department  of  Jild  wa  Tazeeniyat, School of Unani Medical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India, Shamsi Yasmeen
Published: November 2022

Acne vulgaris is one of the common chronic inflammatory diseases of the pilosebaceous unit with multiple pathophysiologies affecting adolescents mainly. Aims: To evaluate the efficacy of Shahtra (Fumaria indica) orally along with the topical use of Zimad Muhasain and the management of moderate to severe category of acne vulgaris on the Global Acne Grading System (GAGS) scale. Material & Methods: This was a randomized standard control clinical study. The test group patients were given Shahtra ( 500 mg), 2 capsules twice daily with a local application of Zimad Muhasa paste once daily; the control group patients were given tablet Azithromycin 500 mg thrice weekly with a local application of Benzoyl peroxide 5% gel once daily for 8 weeks. Result: In the test group, there was a 77.3% reduction in the GAGS score at the final follow-up with p<0.0001; in the control group, there was a 69.8% reduction in GAGS score with p<0.0001, showing extremely significant improvement in both groups. The results indicate the superiority of the test group regimen over the control group by at least 7%. Furthermore, adverse effects like burning sensation, dryness, and itching due to Benzoyl peroxide and diarrhoea due to Azithromycin were only reported in the control group whereas the Unani formulations were found to be free of such adverse effects. Conclusion: The test formulations comprising a dried aqueous extract of Shahtra and Zimad Muhasa were found to be more effective and safe in the management of acne vulgaris in moderate to severe acne, compared to the control combination of Azithromycin and Benzoyl peroxide gel.
A Study of Malaria in Maharashtra
Authors:   Scientist ‘E’, National Institute of Malaria Research, Sector 8 Dwarka, New Delhi, India, Nath Arvind
Published: November 2022

Gadchiroli District and Mumbai together accounted for 96% of the Malaria cases in Maharashtra till September 2021, and the state reported 9289 cases of the disease during that year till that time. Large scale measures, such as mass drug treatment will need to be taken if it must achieve the target of zero cases of Malaria by the year 2027.
Using Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure to evaluate educational environments in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Zawawi Alia , Owaiwid Linah , Alanazi Fouz , Alsogami Lamees , Alageel Norah , Alassafi Maha , Philip Winnie
Published: November 2022

Background: Students' behavior is influenced by their learning environment. Thus, the study aimed to compare the perception of the learning environment of pre-clinical medical students at King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAUHS) based on their stream, gender, and batch using Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure (DREEM).
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at KSAUHS. Data were collected from all pre-clinical high school entries (stream1) and postgraduate entries (stream2) in the third and fourth years. The questionnaire was distributed to participants simultaneously using a non-probability, convenient sampling technique.
Results: The questionnaire was completed by 290 students. There were 162 (55.9%) males and 128 (44.1%) females. Based on their educational background, 237 (81.7%) were stream1 and 53 (18.7%) were stream2, and batches 14 (39.3%) and 15 (60.7%). The overall score of this study was 110/200 and there was no statistically significant difference between genders and batches. The only statically significant difference was within streams; stream2 total DREEM score and students' perception of learning was lower than stream1.
Conclusion: The areas of improvement and research were seen by comparing various batches, genders, and streams of preclinical medical students, through the application of the DREEM inventory. Further research involving the perception of clinical year students is required.
CARDIOTOXICIDADE DE QUIMIOTERÁPICOS
Authors: De Meneses Eli Cristiano , Spinelli Amanda Letícia , Ferreira Arianne  Inglett Rodrigues
Published: November 2022

Nas últimas décadas as doenças cardiovasculares em pacientes oncológicos têm sido um evento cada vez mais frequente, devido ao avanço de distintos esquemas terapêuticos para os variados tipos de câncer que resultam tanto na cura subsequente da doença e/ou aumento da sobrevida e qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Estudos de diversos antineoplásicos mostraram que podem induzir efeitos cardio-tóxico causando uma progressiva falha dependente da dose, podendo levar a morte cardíaca. As causas estão relacionadas a fatores externos (ambiente), hereditários (fatores genéticos) e outros fatores relacionados ao estilo de vida do paciente. A I Diretriz Brasileira de Cardio-Oncologia da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia, define cardiotoxicidade de acordo com as medidas da fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo (FEVE). Nos pacientes em tratamentos quimioterápicos, há sempre uma preocupação quanto às complicações, principalmente cardiovasculares.  Dentre as classes dos antineoplásicos, foi possível observar que o grupo das Antraciclinas tem um maior potencial de risco cardiológico, sendo necessário um tratamento e monitorização durante todo seu ciclo, pois o risco é dose dependente. Foi realizado um estudo com revisão bibliográfica, com objetivo de apresentar os mecanismos de ação e efeitos adversos, principalmente cardíacos de diferentes fármacos usados frequentemente em oncologia.
Teatralidades del cuerpo y la memoria, un diálogo posible entre Bergson, Beckett, Nietzsche y Grotowski
Authors: Caudillo Lozano Jonathan
Published: November 2022

La intención de este artículo es problematizar la cuestión de la memoria desde el pensamiento de Henri Bergson, Samuel Beckett y Friedrich Nietzsche, buscando, sin intentar agotar su complejidad, extraer elementos que permitan pensar dicho problema como una potencia que lleve a comprender la teatralidad en cuanto manera de pensar las estructuras modernas de representación, y particularmente el problema del yo como identidad unitaria. En las páginas que siguen, se realiza un recorrido que intenta mostrar dos aspectos de la memoria que, en su dimensión ontológica, tienen implicaciones tanto en la creación artística como en lo político, y para explicitar dichas implicaciones se mantendrá un diálogo con el pensamiento de Jerzy Grotowski y su noción de cuerpo-memoria.
Theatricalities of Body and Memory: A Possible Dialogue between Bergson, Beckett, Nietzsche, and Grotowski
The paper aims to address the problem of memory from the thoughts of Henri Bergson, Samuel Beckett, and Friedrich Nietzsche. Without attempting to exhaust its complexity, the research seeks in these works for some elements that could allow us to think of memory as a potency, in a way that could lead us to understand theatricality as a means of thinking of the modern structures of representation, particularly the issue of the self as a unitary identity. More specifically, the following pages contain a journey that aims to show two aspects of memory. In their ontological dimension, these aspects have consequences in the spheres of politics and artistic creation. To explain such implications, a dialogue is established with Jerzy Grotowski’s thought and his notion of body-memory.
Recibido: 22 de diciembre de 2021Aceptado: 18 de julio de 2022
Calidad de vida en niños con trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad: a partir del Kidscreen-52
Authors: Vinaccia Stefano , Barrera Luvy , Sánchez Mayra , Zuluaga Maria Alejandra , Arjona Mariana , Franco Shirley , Bernal Soraya , Guerrero Cristina Isabel
Published: November 2022

El siguiente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en niños con trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad. Participantes: 56 niños y niñas con una edad promedio de 9.4 años de estrato socioeconómico medio-bajo residentes en la ciudad de Montería, Colombia. Instrumento: Cuestionario de calidad de vida relacionada con la salud Kidscreen-52. Resultados: Los niños con trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH) muestran una peor calidad de vida general relacionada con la salud (CVRS) en todas sus dimensiones en comparación con investigaciones de pares de la población infantil colombiana específicamente en estado de ánimo, autopercepción, recursos económicos y bullying. Se le da relevancia a la descripción de los resultados alcanzados en cada estudio. Por último, se analizan las perspectivas para trabajos futuros en el área.
Aportes a la comprensión y prevención del suicidio en población indígena: una revisión sistemática narrativa
Authors: Ramos Camayo S’aya , Londoño Pérez Constanza
Published: November 2022

El suicidio es uno de los más importantes problemas de salud pública mundial que afecta a los hombres, en especial a aquellos que forman parte de una minoría. El objetivo de la presente revisión analítica es aportar datos para la comprensión y el abordaje del suicidio de personas indígenas, para lo cual se hizo una revisión sistemática narrativa de documentos científicos publicados entre los años 2010 y 2021 en Science Direct, Medline, Dialnet y Scielo. De las publicaciones y documentos formales con palabras clave como “Suicide” AND “Indigenous Population” AND “Prevention” en inglés y en español, combinadas con nombres de países, se ubicaron 63 artículos y documentos institucionales, de los cuales se eligieron 42 que cumplían con los requisitos de inclusión. Se elaboró una síntesis narrativa analítica a fin de identificar los principales hallazgos respecto a la prevención del suicidio en dicha población. Los resultados indican que existe una alta vulnerabilidad y riesgo suicida en los varones aborígenes de diferentes pueblos indígenas de diversos países en el mundo en virtud de que son propensos manifestar conductas autolesivas que pueden provocar su muerte. Por lo anterior, se sugiere el diseño de programas de prevención y de búsqueda del bienestar integral, así como intervenciones interdisciplinarias que involucren tradiciones, creencias propias, saberes culturales y condiciones sociales. Finalmente, se reconoce que es necesario efectuar nuevas investigaciones conducidas por equipos conformados por personal indígena.
Factores de vulnerabilidad asociada a la percepción de soledad social en adultos mayores del departamento del Quindío (Colombia)
Authors: Gonzales Portillo Juan , Arbeláez Caro Joan Sebastián , Ahumada Trejos Andrés , Ramírez Gallego Nelsi Marisol , Trujillo Marín Alexa Viviana , Velasco Gómez Julián Andrés
Published: November 2022

Introducción. El objetivo de la presente investigación es de tipo cuantitativo, descriptivo, con alcance correlacional de temporalidad transversal, fue describir los factores de vulnerabilidad asociada a la percepción de soledad social en un grupo de adultos mayores. Método. La población de participantes fueron los adultos mayores atendidos en diferentes instituciones de apoyo al adulto mayor del departamento del Quindío (Colombia), y la muestra fue elegida mediante un muestreo no probabilístico de tipo intencional. Instrumentos. Ficha de caracterización, Examen Cognoscitivo Mini-Mental, Escala de Soledad Social y Cuestionario Breve de Calidad de Vida. Resultados. Se halló una relación inversa entre la soledad social o percepción de soledad social con las dimensiones que componen la calidad de vida en los adultos mayores, principalmente en la habilidad funcional y la educación. No se encontraron diferencias entre los grupos de estudio. Discusión. Los factores de aislamiento y de pérdida de integración social afectan directamente la calidad de vida de los adultos mayores.
A review of the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment methods of inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Saeid Seyedian Seyed ,   Alimentary Tract Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Science, Ahvaz, Iran, Nokhostin Forogh ,   Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran,   Forogh Nokhostin, Assistant Professor of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, Phone: +989163723286, E-mail: Forogh_Nokhostin@yahoo.com, Dargahi Malamir Mehrdad ,   Faculty of Medicine, Medical doctor of Internal Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
Published: November 2022

Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) are classified as chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) which have similar symptoms and lead to digestive disorders and inflammation in the digestive system. The reason why they occur is still a mystery. A number of factors can be attributed to the prevalence of CD and UC, some of which include geographical location, inappropriate diet, genetics, and inappropriate immune response. Both diseases are more often diagnosed in urban areas compared to rural areas and both have their own challenges and side effects, but the patients can still have a good quality of life. Given the fact that the prevalence of this disease is higher at younger ages and that it disrupts half the life of the patient, it will, most likely, become a major health problem in the near future, even in developing countries. By reviewing valid scientific resources and evaluating new methods of addressing this disease, the present study aims to provide researchers and patients with new insights into this field and facilitate access to new treatments.
Comparison of midazolam and dexmedetomidine for pain relief during and after hysterosalpingography in women with infertility
Authors: Safi Fatemeh ,   Department of Radiology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran, Rabiee Leila ,   Department of Radiology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran, Shokrpour Maryam ,   Department of Gynecology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran, Kamali Alireza ,   Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran,   Alireza Kamali, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran, Tel: 00989181622810, E-mail: alikamaliir@yahoo.com
Published: November 2022

Patients feel uncomfortable with cervical manipulation, uterine distension and stimulation of peritoneum during hysterosalpingography (HSG) and experience lower abdominal pain during and after the procedure. Pain during the procedure has a negative effect on the adaptation of patients to treatment and physicians are trying to overcome this unpleasant situation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effect of midazolam and dexmedetomidine on reducing pain and spasm of fallopian tubes during and after HSG procedure in women with infertility. In a double-blind randomized controlled trial, 102 patients were randomly divided into two groups, midazolam and dexmedetomidine. The pain was recorded during injection and immediately after injection and 30 minutes after HSG, and then the complications of injection were recorded. Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Based on the results presented herein, no significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of vasovagal reaction, spasticity of the tube and the side of the spastic tube and uterine cavity anomalies (p <0.05). However, the pain showed a significant difference between the two groups during the injection, immediately or at 30 minutes after the procedure (p = 0.0001). The pain in the midazolam group was less than that of dexmedetomidine. Furthermore, there was no significant difference between the two groups regarding spasticity (p <0.05). There is a benefit in terms of pain reduction with the use of dexmedetomidine when comparing with midazolam injection. However, dexmedetomidine does not cause side effects in patients and can be used to reduce pain during injection.
Lipopolysaccharide from Rhodobacter spheroids modulate toll-like receptors expression and tissue damage in an animal model of bilateral renal ischemic reperfusion injury
Authors: Aal-Aaboda Munaf ,   1. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Misan, Amarah, Iraq,   https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4825-1234, Abu Raghif Ahmed Rahma ,   2. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq,   https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4514-3892, Almudhafer Rihab Hameed ,   3. Middle Euphrates Unit for Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kufa, Kufa, Iraq,   https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4997-5549, Hadi Najah Riesh ,   4. Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kufa, Kufa, Iraq,   Najah Riesh Hadi, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kufa, Kufa, Iraq. E-mail: drnajahhadi@yahoo.com
Published: November 2022

Ischemic reperfusion injury (IRI) of the kidneys is a direct sequela of surgical procedures associated with the interruption of blood supply. The pathophysiology of IRI is complicated, and several inflammatories, apoptosis, and oxidative stress pathways are implicated. Among the major receptors directly involved in renal IRI are the toll-like receptors (TLRs), specifically TLR2 and TLR4. In this study, we investigated the effects of Lipopolysaccharide from Rhodobacter Sphaeroides (TLR2 and TLR4 antagonist, LPS-RS) and the ultrapure form (pure TLR4 antagonist, ULPS-RS) on the histopathological changes and TLRs expression in an animal model of bilateral renal IRI. Forty-eight adult male rats were allocated into six groups (N=8) as follows: sham group (negative control without IRI), control group (rats underwent bilateral renal ischemia for 30 minutes and 2 hours of reperfusion), vehicle group (IRI+ vehicle), LPS-RS group (IRI+ 0.5 mg/kg of LPS-RS), ULPS-RS group (IRI+ 0.1 mg/kg of ULPS-RS), ULPS-RSH group (IRI+ 0.2 mg/kg of ULPS-RS). Significant improvement in the histopathological damages induced by renal IRI was found in the ULPS-RS treated groups at both doses compared with the control group. The protective effect of ULPS-RS was associated with significantly reduced TLR4 expression without affecting TLR2. Regarding LPS-RS, the tested dose adversely affected the renal tissues as manifested by the histopathological findings, although it similarly affected TLRs expression as ULPS-RS. Our results demonstrated that ULPS-RS was renoprotective while LPS-RS had no protective effect against the tissue damages induced by renal IRI.
Localization of mandibular foramen – a comparison between dry bones and orthopantomogram
Authors: Kaur Ravdeep ,   1. Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College, Amritsar, Punjab, India,   Ravdeep Kaur, Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College, Amritsar, Punjab, India. E-mail: kaurravd89@gmail.com, Singla Rajan Kumar ,   2. Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College, Patiala, Punjab, India, Sharma Ravikant ,   1. Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College, Amritsar, Punjab, India, Singla Sanju ,   3. Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Luxmi Bai Institute of Dental Sciences, Patiala, Punjab, India
Published: November 2022

An inferior alveolar nerve block is a usual practice by a dental practitioner. Panoramic radiography is a widely used technique in dentistry to get a clear and comprehensive view before planning any treatment. The study aimed to compare the morphometric localization of mandibular foramen (MF) on dry bones and orthopantomogram. The study was designed in two phases: a morphometric study on dry human mandibles (phase I) and orthopantomograms of the same dry human mandibles (phase II). The study materials were 200 dry north Indian human mandibles belonging to unknown sex obtained from the Department of Anatomy. Descriptive statistics, including range, mean±standard deviation, paired t-test to compare dry bones and orthopantomogram, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and measurement error, were used. T-test was applied separately to compare the right and left sides of dry bones. The distance of mandibular foramen from the posterior border and lower border is shorter on the right side than on the left. Its distance from the anterior border and the mandibular notch was greater on the right side. On panoramic radiographs, the distance of MF from nearby anatomical landmarks on the mandible was highly unreliable except for the mandibular notch. Our findings demonstrate a statistically significant difference between distances on dry bone and OPG but no statistically significant difference between MF-notch on both sides and MF-AB on the right side. As a result, a surgeon can rely upon a mandibular notch to locate mandibular foramen during clinical procedures. Magnification is an inbuilt property of OPG; for precise localization of MF, it is advisable to proceed with advanced three-dimensional techniques to protect viable anatomical structures.
كفاءة المواجهة وعلاقتها ببعض المهارات المعرفية لدى طلبة الجامعة
Authors: AZEEZ AWAN KADIH
Published: November 2022

يهدف البحث التعرف الى كفاءة المواجهة وبعض المهارات المعرفية (التذكر، التقويم، الانتاجية) والتعرف أيضا على العلاقة بينهما لدى طلبة الجامعة ووفقا لمتغيري الجنس( ذكور، اناث )التخصص (علمي،انساني ) تكونت عينة البحث من( 300)طالب وطالبة من طلبة كليات التربية في جامعة تكريت وقد قامت الباحثة ببناء ادوات بحثها المتمثلة في مقياس كفاءة المواجهة وبعد عرضه على المحكمين واستخراج الخصائص السايكومترية اصبح المقياس بصورته النهائية مكونا من خمس مجالات و(40) فقرة وقد تم حساب معامل الثبات بطريقة اعادة الاختبار فبلغ (0.81) ويعتبر ذلك معامل ثبات جيد اما مقياس المهارات المعرفية فبعد بنائه تم عرض المقياس على المحكمين  وتحليله احصائيا ،تكون المقياس بصورته النهائية من ثلاثه مهارات المكونة لمجالات المقياس و(35) فقرة تم حساب معامل الثبات بطريقة اعادة الاختبار فبلغ (0.86) ويعتبر ذلك معامل ثبات جيد،وبعد استخراج الصدق للمقياسين ، قامت الباحثة بتطبيق المقياسين على عينة بحثها الاساسية ومن نتائج البحث ،تمتع طلبة الجامعة وبمستوى جيد  من كفاءة المواجهة ،وان هناك مستوى عال من المهارات المعرفية ، وهناك علاقة ارتباطية موجبة بين كفاءة المواجهة والمهارات المعرفية ، وخرج البحث بعدد من التوصيات والمقترحات .
Discursive Strategies in Western Political Discourse: Nationalism and Immigration
Authors: Dawood Mahmood Abbas , Abbas Wasan Mahmood
Published: November 2022

The current study is an attempt to reveal hidden nationalist attitudes in the political discourse of the American right-wing party in the USA using critical discourse analysis. The study aims at identifying the discursive strategies used in political discourse with regards to nationalism and immigration, investigating the construction of in-groups and out-groups, clarifying the positive self-presentation and negative others presentation, showing the most common warrants used to justify nationalist rhetoric against immigrants and, setting conclusions.  In order to achieve the aims of the study, it is hypothesized that (i) Discursive strategies are used to construct immigrants as out-groups and political actors and their allies as in-groups (ii) Political actors use positive self image to present themselves and negative others to present immigrants. (iii) political actors use criminalization ideologies to justify their nationalist discourse against immigrants . In order to achieve the aims of the present study, the following procedures are followed (i) Data is selected from the YouTube which is a press conference for the American right-wing president, Donald Trump (ii) The data has been analyzed linguistically to show discursive strategies used by Trump with regards to nationalism and immigration (iii)The model adapted for this study is DHA to CDA; Reisigl and Wodak (2001,2009).The study comes up with these conclusions (i) Results of the study verify all the hypotheses set forward (ii) Trump names immigrants as part of out-group and his people as in-group (iii) Trump presents immigrants with negative others image and present himself with positive self-image(iv)Nationalism in  the USA is a  civic nationalism.
Institutional Minimalism as a Trend in the Development of Local Self-Government in Modern Russia
Authors: Zazulina M. R.
Published: November 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of the upcoming reform of local self-government initiated by amend­ments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation (2020) and the Draft Federal Law No. 40361-8 «On general principles of the organization of local self-government in a unified system of public author­ity», submitted to the State Duma of the Russian Federation in December 2021. The purpose of the study is to identify and analyze trends in the development of the institutional organization of local self-govern­ment, manifested in the context of the development of the new Draft Federal Law. It is shown that a special type of institutional organization is emerging in the sphere of domestic local self-government, which can be defined as institutional minimalism. Its main features are highlighted. It is concluded that the manifes­tations of institutional minimalism are possible only in the conditions of continuation of such trends as the strengthening state control and unification of local self-government, which previously existed, but were further strengthened in connection with the building of a unified system of public power.
Ethnic Identity of Members of the Tuva Diaspora in Abakan
Authors: Nemkova E. Y.
Published: November 2022

The work analyzes the results of a pilot socio-cultural study of the Tuvan diaspora of the city of Abakan, conducted by researchers of the N.F. Katanov Khakass State University. The results of the study describe the social structure of the analyzed ethnic group, the level of interaction between members, the reasons for moving to another national region, as well as the activity of socio-cultural attitudes. In addition, atten­tion is focused on the level of expression of the ethnic identity of representatives of the Tuvan diaspora, which, as a result of the study, is characterized as increased. The author also comes to the conclusion that the ethnic identity of the analyzed group passes into the category of intersubjectivity and is not subjective.
Heraclitus in Nietzsche’s Philosophy: Origins of the Discussion (1890s – 1930s)
Authors: Biserov G. V.
Published: November 2022

The paper examines the early discussion on the role of Heraclitus in Nietzsche’s philosophy, including some relatively little-known contributions by R. Oehler, E. Bertram and A. Baeumler, as well as more wide­ly mentioned interpretations of K. Jaspers, M. Heidegger and K. Löwith. I show that in the 1890s–1930s the significant influence of Heraclitus on Nietzsche’s thought was considered indisputable. However, inter­pretations of the period can be divided into the ‘authentic’ ones (e.g., Oehler, Löwith), each of which view Nietzsche’s use of Heraclitus thought as significant for Nietzsche’s own philosophy, and ‘idiosyncratic’ ones (e.g. Heidegger, Jaspers), which, by interpreting Nietzsche from their own idiosyncratic perspectives, nat­urally put less philosophical weight on reading Nietzsche from the standpoint of Heraclitus. This review leads to the conclusion that a study of Nietzsche’s Heraclitus can contribute to two contemporary debates in Nietzsche studies: the discussion on Nietzsche’s ontological position and to the discussion around the so-called continuity thesis.
J. Ladyman, D. Dennett and E.J. Lowe: How the electron exists
Authors: Golovko N. V.
Published: November 2022

The paper aims to answer the question: «How does an electron exist at the beginning of the 21st century?» from the point of view of the general logic of the philosophy of science discourse, taking into account con­temporary philosophical concepts that explain what an «electron» is, and in what sense we could talk about the «existence» of such objects in the first quarter of the 21st century. A good concept of the existence of an object postulated by a successful scientific theory should at least take into account two contexts of proper philosophical reasoning – reasoning «from science», grasping the questions of the philosophical and meth­odological justification of knowledge at the level of certain «standards of rationality» that correspond to the chosen theory, and reasoning «from metaphysics», which, in the appropriate context, interpret «elec­tron» as an element of objective reality, as if the electron of scientists «actually» existed. Our thesis is that by choosing as the main elements of the concept the Dennettian ontology of patterns project and the E.J. Lowe’s neo-Aristotelian categorical ontology project, we will be able to block the problem of pessimis­tic meta-induction (H. Putnam, L. Laudan, etc.). The electron exists as a pattern that we extract from the whole set of empirical data associated with the theoretical entity «electron», whose «real definition» right now is given by the Standard Model and the accompanying concepts from quantum mechanics. In the course of the scientific revolution, the electron, as a pattern, does not disappear anywhere, since parts of the «real definitions» of the patterns of the old «paradigm», those that can be retrospectively interpreted and functionally meaningfully coupled with the new one, will be asserted within the «real definitions» of the new patterns, which indicates on the existence of a relationship of «essential dependence» between the «old» and the «new» patterns.
At the Fork in the Path of Conceptual Understanding of the Role of Siberia in the Formation of a New World Order. Book review: Civilization mission of Siberia: from technogenic-consumer to spiritual-ecological strategy of global and regional development: monograph (group of authors; edited by A.V. Ivanov) – Barnaul: New format, 2022
Authors: Babayan I. V.
Published: November 2022

In a review of the collective monograph «Civilization mission of Siberia: from technogenic-consumer to spiritual-ecological strategy of global and regional development», edited by Professor A. V. Ivanov, the author argues with the researchers on a number of key issues, including the system-forming role of the Russian state in the development of Eurasian civilization, nationalitis policy of the former Soviet republics, national and cultural identity. The authors of the monograph focus on the problems of defining the concept of «Greater Eurasia», the civilizational tasks of Russia in the integration of Greater Eurasia. The methodological basis of the fundamental and applied research of the mission of Siberia is the synthesis of the diachronic and synchronic aspects of the civilizational approach.
Excluding Russia from the Bologna Process: What is Behind This?
Authors: Sorina G. V. , Gurov Ph. N.
Published: November 2022

The exclusion of Russia from the Bologna process creates serious challenges for the higher education system. The beginning reform will affect the whole institution of higher learning of our country. This, in turn, opens up new opportunities to improve the efficiency of the entire system. The introduction of three basic elements, namely: a bank of pedagogical ideas, a triple helix model and a system for introducing creative technologies into the educational process, can allow us to form a qualitatively new level of training of specialists in the country.
Recurrent bilateral ovarian dermoids, co-occurring with multiple large benign cystadenomas, and a functional cyst; managed by minimally invasive surgery - A rare case report
Authors: Tambvekar Sunil E. , Patil Sandeep S. , Bandekar Pooja K. , Bansal Vandana
Published: November 2022

Benign ovarian cysts comprise a majority of all ovarian masses presenting in women. Apart from functional cysts, dermoid cysts and benign cystadenomas are responsible for significant morbidity. Recurrent ovarian dermoid cysts are uncommon and attributed to incomplete surgical excision. Multiple benign cystadenomas, along with other large benign ovarian tumors arising from single ovary, are an extremely rare occurrence. We present a case with recurrent bilateral ovarian dermoids, co-occurring with multiple large benign cystadenomas from one ovary. This case was managed by laparoscopic surgery with successful enucleations and cystectomies. There are no such cases reported in the literature to the best of our knowledge. We also describe the various challenges in such surgery and implications of various surgical techniques.
Role of neuroimaging in pediatric head trauma
Authors: Gala Foram , Manek Hirva , Bharati Alpa
Published: November 2022

Pediatric head trauma is very common and accounts for most of the emergency hospital visits. It is also the most common cause for a pediatrician to refer a child for neuroimaging. Pediatric head injury causes lot of morbidity and mortality in children and can be due to accidental or abusive injury. Falls are most common in small children, whereas motor vehicle accident is more common in older children and adolescents. Pediatric brain injury differs from adult brain injury due to immature brain, mechanism of injury, and difficulty in neurological evaluation in children. The radiologist needs to be familiar with these to correctly interpret the scans and guide clinicians in appropriate patient care.
Mystifying joint pains: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia presenting as systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Authors: Khurana Ritika , Kanvinde Purva , Chadha Vaibhav , Krishnan V. P. , Patel Swati , Sharma Ajay Narayan , Ganatra Parth , Shah Nitin , Desai Mukesh , Aggarwal Bharat , Swami Archana , Mudaliar Sangeeta
Published: November 2022

Objectives:

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) in children presents with varied manifestations. At times, they may mimic symptoms and signs of Systemic onset Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (SoJIA). We analyzed children with ALL who were initially diagnosed as SoJIA thus leading to delay in diagnosis and treatment of ALL.

Material and Methods:

Retrospective study of records of 18 children diagnosed as ALL at our center between the period of January 2016 and December 2020, and who were initially diagnosed as SoJIA.

Results:

All 18 children presented with fever and joint pains involving large joints such as knee, ankle, wrist, and elbow. Seven (38.8%) cases had associated hepatosplenomegaly and three (16%) had lymphadenopathy at the time of presentation. Ten out of 18 children (55.6%) had normal peripheral complete blood counts. The duration from the time of onset of symptoms to diagnosis of ALL ranged from 15 days to 7 months in these cases. Four children had received steroids as treatment of SoJIA before they were diagnosed with ALL.

Conclusion:

Possibility of ALL must be ruled out in all cases suspected of having SoJIA, as leukemias may not always present with typical signs like hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, or cytopenias. It will prevent delay in diagnosis and treatment of ALL. Administration of steroids to these patients for SoJIA, adversely affects post-ALL treatment outcomes.