bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
History of Philosophy
Authors: Kanke Viktor
Published: March 2021

The textbook is a sequential course in the history of philosophy. The history of philosophical innovations from antiquity to the present day is considered. The content of the philosophy of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, Modern times, and the XIX century is presented. Special attention is paid to the main philosophical trends of the twentieth century, as well as Russian philosophy, including the Soviet period. The course is based on the achievements of modern science, as well as analytical philosophy, phenomenology, hermeneutics, poststructuralism and other major philosophical trends of our time. The theory of conceptual transduction is used. It is intended for bachelors studying in the enlarged group of training areas 47.00.00 "Philosophy, Ethics and Religious Studies" and other training areas. It is of considerable interest to a wide range of readers interested in the development of philosophical knowledge.
Breast milk and vaccinations during a pandemic: rationalising the risks
Authors: Almalbis Jennifer Fuerte
Published: March 2021

Can COVID-19 be passed from mother to infant through breast milk? Should mothers who test positive for the virus avoid contact with their child? Is it safe for recently vaccinated women to breastfeed a newborn infant? Jennifer Fuerte Almalbis answers these questions in light of the latest research and guidance.
698 mothers and babies, 38 390 nappy changes: what did we learn?
Authors: Phipps Fiona MacVane , Price Alan D , Ackers-Johnson James , Cook Penny A , Clarke-Cornwell Alexandra M. , Lythgoe Jeanne
Published: March 2021

Background

Several industry funded studies between 2001–2018 have compared the use of a single brand of baby wipes to cleansing with water and either cloth or cotton wool during nappy changes. All of these studies found that wipes were safe and effective from birth. Recommendations from these studies have included the need for brand or formula comparison but to date, no previous study has done this.

Aims

The ‘Baby skin integrity comparison survey’ (BaSICS) study was designed to compare three brands of baby wipes to determine if there was any difference in the incidence of irritant diaper dermatitis (IDD or nappy rash) during the first eight weeks of life.

Methods

Mothers who were allocated to a single brand of nappy but divided into three baby wipe allocation groups, collected and reported survey data on infant skin integrity during one nappy change daily with the use of a user-friendly smartphone application.

Findings

All brands of wipes were acceptable to mothers and safe and effective when cleaning during nappy changes. The brand containing the fewest ingredients showed a clinically significant advantage of fewer incidents of rash than the other two brands.

Conclusion

This study demonstrated that wipe formulation is a significant factor in prevention or reduction of IDD during the first eight weeks of life.
RESEARCH ROUNDUP
Authors: Mcgloin Claudia
Published: March 2021

In this regular feature, aesthetic nurse Claudia McGloin presents a brief synopsis of a range of recently published articles on medical aesthetics. Research roundup aims to provide an overview, rather than a detailed summary and critique, of the papers selected. Should you wish to look at any of the papers in more detail, a full reference is provided at the end of each study summary
Embracing 2021 and looking to the future
Authors: Baker Anna
Published: March 2021

In this issue's British Association of Cosmetic Nurses update, board member Anna Baker writes on the updated code of conduct, the expanding competency framework and the wide range of educational resources that are available to members
Method Development and Validation for Quantitative Analysis of Anti-Histamine Promethazine Hydrochloride by RP-UPLC
Authors: Takale Nilesh , Kaliyaperumal Neelakandan , Mannathusamy Gopalakrishnan , Govindasamy Rajarajan
Published: March 2021

The quantitative analysis method for the quantitative analysis of the anti-histaminic drug Promethazine Hydrochloride (PMZ•HCl) is stated by a straightforward, smooth, reliable and reverse step of the ultra-performing liquid chromatographic method (RP-UPLC). Following ICH quidelinesQ2(R1), the RP-UPLC method has been developed and checked. The uniform solution of 3.4% KH2PO4 solution in water, 7.0 pH with dilute KOH, ACN, andMeOH in ratio of 40:40:20, used as a mobile phase. The flow of 0.6 mL/minusing photo diode array detector / UV detector by with wavelength of 254 nm and runtime 3 min. This gives linearty from 80-120 % with correlation coefficient of 0.99988. Repeatability and intermediate precision shows relative standard deviation (percent RSD) of 0.52, 0.24 and a overall RSD of 0.43. Robustness studies show no indicative changes in SST requirements, like asymmetry factor, theoretical plate & percentage relative standard deviation. These criteria's values are well within their acceptability limit. The degradation of promethazine under different stress conditions has been studied and shows that all known impurities and degradants are well separated from promethazine peak.This RP-UPLC is descriptive and accurate.
Wood-Industrial Waste Material as a Potential Sorbent for the Removal of Pb+2 and Co+2 from Mono and Binary Aquatic Metal Solutions
Authors: Nimodia Kshipra , Solanki Aruna , Chauhan Laxmi Kunwar , Goswami Ajay Kumar , Baroliya Prabhat Kumar
Published: March 2021

In this research, the practical feasibility of sawdust waste products from wood-processing industries was evaluated for the elimination of Pb+2 and Co+2 metal ions from mono and binary aquatic solutions. The batch method was used to achieve optimum conditions of including the amount of sorbent, pH, process time, and concentration of metal ions. The absorptive cycle reported maximum removal of lead and cobalt within pH range 6.0 at an initial concentration of 10 mg L–1. Kinetics data collected during the adsorption of both metals is better represented in a pseudo-second-order layout. The equilibrium of adsorption is based on the concept of Langmuir adsorption layout. Thermodynamic parameters demonstrated the feasibility, spontaneity, and endothermic character of heavy metal sorption. The sorption of metal ions was verified by instrumental experiments for example scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (EDX), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Thus, sawdust can be an effective material for removing Pb+2 and Co+2 ions from aquatic solutions.
Antioxidant Studies of Some Lanthanide Complexes Derived from Curcuminoid Analogues
Authors: Thrithody Malini Parakkulangara , Ummathur Muhammed Basheer
Published: March 2021

Antioxidant activities of the Pr(III), Nd(III), Sm(III), Dy(III), Er(III) and Yb(III)complexes of eight curcuminoid analogues (HL1 to HL8), derived from acetylacetone and aromatic aldehydes (benzaldehyde, cinnamaldehyde, furfural, salicylaldehyde, β-hydoxy-α-naphthaldehyde, p-anisaldehyde, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde and vanillin), are studied by the thiocyanate method. Even though all the complexes exhibited significant antioxidant properties, their activities are found to be less than the corresponding free curcuminoid analogues.
Physical Properties of Films Based on Gelatin and Dialdehyde Starch with Different Oxidation Degrees
Authors: Nguyet Le Thi Bich , Nguyen Vinh Tien
Published: March 2021

In this study, dialdehyde starch (DAS) was prepared by oxidizing corn starch using potassium periodateas the oxidant.The aldehyde contentsin DAS weredetermined using titration with hydroxylamine and were found proportional to the molar ratio of KIO4:C6H10O5.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to confirm the breakage of the bond between C2 and C3in anhydroglucose units and the formation of -CHO group in DAS. X-ray diffractometry showed a decrease in crystallinity of starch after periodate oxidation. Thermogravimetric analysis showed reduced thermal stability of DASin comparison with the native starch. The prepared DAS was blended with gelatin to form films by casting method. Increasing aldehyde contents in DAS from 0 to 12.2% resulted in decreased moisture contents, solubility in water, and the swelling capacity of gelatin-DAS films. The value of tensile strength and elongation at break of the gelatin-DAS films rose when the aldehyde content was low (0-3.5%), but declined when the aldehyde content was high (3.5-12.2%). Slight periodate oxidation is, therefore, an effective way to enhance the mechanical characteristics of blend films from DAS and other biopolymers.
Optimization of Some Parameters on the Low Efficiency of Solvent Extraction of Uranium with Alamine 336
Authors: Yacouba Abdoul-Rachid Chaïbou , Ibrahim Salmana Laouali , Wage Abdoul Razak Moumouni , Natatou Ibrahim
Published: March 2021

Solvent extraction of uranium from sulfate liquor acid ore with Alamine 336 from two suppliers has been studied. The influence of various parameters, such as sulfuric acid concentration on uranium bearing solutions, concentration of Alamine 336, and concentration of uranium was investigated. The decrease of uranium efficiency extraction at the plant was caused by the degradation of the organic phase. Degradation caused by the presence of vanadium in the uranium ore. Two theoretical stages could efficiency extract more than 90% of uranium from a solution containing 3881 mg/L at O/A ratio of 1.5:1. At the range of sulfuric acid concentration of 0.1 M to 0.2 M, Uranium efficiency was enhanced from 89% to 92 at the 1st contact and from 18% to 20% at the second contact. At this range of concentration, the UO2(SO4)2/2 species predominate. For sulfuric acid concentrations over 0.2 M the uranium efficiency decreased due to the presence of UO2(SO4)2/2 and UO2(SO4)3/4 species. Improving volume percentage of Alamine 336 in organic phase enhanced the uranium efficiency to 99%.
The Effect of Zno Nanoparticles on the Color Change of Polyester
Authors: Wang Zhao
Published: March 2021

In this study, the effect of adding zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO) on the general color change and transparent adhesion strength of polyester folds was studied in wood (Ulmusglabra). Zinc oxide nanoparticles with concentrations of 0, 0.22, 0.20,1, 1.20 and 2% of coating weight were combined. In a study about adherence resistance of coating the results showed that the highest adhesion in Nano coatings contained 1% nanoparticles of zinc oxide, and adding more than this had a negative effect on the adhesion of coating. In the case of general color change, the addition of zinc oxide nanoparticles is also caused a change in the color of samples coated with nanoparticles. However, in small amounts of nanoparticles, color changes were made and the brightness reduction was not significant.
Plasmon-induced transparency in an air–dielectric grooved parallel-plate terahertz waveguide
Authors: Dhriti KM , Islam Maidul , Bhattacharya Angana , Ahmad Amir , Kumar Gagan
Published: March 2021

In this paper, we examine the plasmon-induced transparency (PIT) effect in a parallel-plate waveguide comprising two similar pyramidal-shaped grooves. One of the grooves is filled with air, while the other is filled with a dielectric material whose refractive index can be varied. The resonant frequencies corresponding to the air and dielectric grooves in the proposed configuration result in the transparency window, which can be modulated with the refractive index of the dielectric material. The approach provides flexibility to control the transparency effect in a waveguide configuration without changing the physical dimensions. We examined field profiles in the transparency region to clearly depict the PIT effect. We have employed an analytical model based upon the three-level plasmonic model to validate our numerical findings. Further, we examined the switching and tunability of the transparency effect by including silicon layers between the grooves, whose conductivity can be varied. The tunable response in the PIT effect in terahertz waveguides can be significant in the construction of terahertz waveguide components.
Accurate closed-form model for nonlinear fiber propagation supporting both high and near-zero dispersion regimes
Authors: Zefreh Mahdi Ranjbar , Forghieri Fabrizio , Piciaccia Stefano , Poggiolini Pierluigi
Published: March 2021

Legacy fibers with near-zero and even zero-dispersion bands are being re-purposed worldwide to host modern coherent systems, in the quest to exploit all possible deployed cables. Non-linearity modeling for these legacy fibers has not been investigated in depth and no fast closed-form models are available which are capable of dealing with them. In this work, we first investigate the accuracy of the EGN model for the prediction of the impact of fiber nonlinearity on optical coherent transmission systems at zero or near-zero dispersion. We find the EGN model to be accurate in predicting system performance. We then derive a closed-form EGN-model approximation capable of handling any combination of high, low and near-zero or zero dispersion fibers, which we thoroughly test over 9,000 randomized system scenarios. The good accuracy and real-time computation speed of such a closed-form model potentially makes it a highly flexible tool for supporting physical-layer-aware management of optical networks, capable of dealing with all types of fiber, including legacy ones.
Compressive single-pixel hyperspectral imaging using RGB sensors
Authors: Tao Chenning , Zhu Huanzheng , Wang Xucheng , Zheng Shuhang , Xie Qin , Wang Chang , Wu Rengmao , Zheng Zhenrong
Published: March 2021

Hyperspectral imaging that obtains the spatial-spectral information of a scene has been extensively applied in various fields but usually requires a complex and costly system. A single-pixel detector based hyperspectral system mitigates the complexity problem but simultaneously brings new difficulties on the spectral dispersion device. In this work, we propose a low-cost compressive single-pixel hyperspectral imaging system with RGB sensors. Based on the structured illumination single-pixel imaging configuration, the lens-free system directly captures data by the RGB sensors without dispersion in the spectral dimension. The reconstruction is performed with a pre-trained spatial-spectral dictionary, and the hyperspectral images are obtained through compressive sensing. In addition, the spatial patterns for the structured illumination and the dictionary for the sparse representation are optimized by coherence minimization, which further improve the reconstruction quality. In both spatial and spectral dimensions, the intrinsic sparse properties of the hyperspectral images are made full use of for high sampling efficiency and low reconstruction cost. This work may introduce opportunities for optimization of computational imaging systems and reconstruction algorithms towards high speed, high resolution, and low cost future.
Mosquito method based polymer tapered waveguide as a spot size converter
Authors: Kobayashi Yui , Sakaguchi Yoji , Yasuhara Kazuki , Ishigure Takaaki
Published: March 2021

We create a compact low-loss spot-size converter (SSC) which utilizes a tapered core polymer optical waveguide with circular cross-sectional graded-index (GI) core using the Mosquito method we developed. First, we theoretically analyze the mutual diffusion between the core and cladding monomers, which is a feature unique to the Mosquito method when forming GI cores. The monomer diffusion effect depends on the initial core diameter that is dispensed by a microdispenser and the diffusion time before UV curing: in a small core the monomer diffuses more rapidly than in a large core. Using this diffusion dependence on the initially dispensed core diameter, it is theoretically found that a tapered polymer waveguide based SSC can adiabatically convert the mode-field diameter between 4.0 and 8.6 μm at a 1550-nm wavelength waveguide as short as 4 mm. Next, the tapered waveguide based SSC with the designed structure is experimentally fabricated using the Mosquito method, and we confirm an 8-mm long tapered waveguide with an insertion loss of 1.83dB functions as a SSC that converts the MFD from 4.7 μm to 7.5 μm at 1550-nm wavelength.
The immersive environment as a driver for environmental change; addressing the Out of Sight, Out of Mind impacts of the Anthropocene on the Mar Menor, Spain
Authors: Gould Charlotte , Sermon Paul
Published: March 2021

Out of Sight, Out of Mind is a unique interactive 360° video experience of the Mar Menor that manifests the Anthropocene effects on the landscape as augmented, surreal and metaphysical interpretations of the artist’s experiences, during their residency and available secondary scientific data of the Mar Menor ecosystem. Through environmental, social, economic and cultural observations and encounters the team developed an immersive 360° environment that incorporates video and audio recordings with augmented, imaginary and predicted realities transformed from scientific data in obscure and profound guises. This 360° telematic installation incorporating live audience interaction within the original 360° video experience was exhibited at the Centro Cultural Puertas de Castilla in Murcia in May 2019. This collaborative project was developed following a ten-day residency on the Mar Menor, a 170 km² saltwater lagoon on the south-east coast of Spain in September 2018, where the majority of the primary research took place by gathering 360° video material from observations, experiences and interviews. The project has been developed by a team of three UK artists, each bringing specialist experience and knowledge of 360° video to undertake the research and create a unique understanding and manifestation of the changing ecosystem of the Mar Menor. This collaborative project includes and combines Paul Sermon’s co-located telematic experiences in 360° live video environments, Charlotte Gould’s immersive 360° animated augmented reality and Jeremiah Ambrose’s gaze-controlled navigation through 360° video narratives. This practice-based team of artists undertook this research using a range of video and gaming software and advanced hardware devices, including Insta360 Pro 8K video cameras and Oculus Rift head-mounted-displays in conjunction with live video switchers. This has produced a range of ultra HD 360° outputs involving stereo 8K and real-time 4K environments with augmented live 360° video and animation sequences through live chroma-keying effects.
Pushing the frontiers of Nigeria’s cultural communication through digital media practice
Authors: Morgan Trevor Vermont
Published: March 2021

This article uses the example of a digital Nigeria visualization and animation project to provide an insight into the kind of technological, cultural and communication possibilities available for indigenous groups of Africa, and Nigeria in particular. This follows the nascent dispersal of the digital three-dimensional media production experiences in Nigeria. The project has used digital media technology to capture visual elements of different cultural elements amongst the Igbo of Nigeria as a means of promoting identity and cultural longevity. An overview of the development of digital 3D animation in Nigeria has been used to locate the project in the stream of contemporary practice so as to provide the right context for its appreciation.
Empathy VR and the BeAnotherLab collective
Authors: Doyle Denise
Published: March 2021

BeAnotherLab were recipients of the 2017 STARTS Prize Honorary Mention for their work Library of Ourselves, an interdisciplinary and distributed project to create transformative encounters between communities in conflict. Described by the collective as an open book of embodied narratives, the ongoing archive of the Library of Ourselves is composed of stories recorded from a first-person perspective of individuals, belonging to various communities. The art collective based in Barcelona was formed almost a decade ago and consists of nine members from wide-ranging backgrounds. In this article I will discuss their engagement with empathy VR. I will draw on my interviews with a number of members of the collective and my meetings with them in Barcelona. I also discuss the significance of their work as an art collective and the impact this has on their arts practice.
Shifting Interfaces: An Anthology of Presence, Empathy and Agency in 21st-Century Media Arts, Hava Aldouby (ed.) (2020)
Authors: Heller Lynne
Published: March 2021

Review of: Shifting Interfaces: An Anthology of Presence, Empathy and Agency in 21st-Century Media Arts, Hava Aldouby (ed.) (2020)

Leuven: Leuven University Press, 332 pp.,

ISBN 978-9-46270-225-7, p/bk, $69.50
Az innovációs együttműködés okai és típusai a vegyiparban
Authors: Lányi Beatrix
Published: March 2021

Modern nemzetgazdaságokban az innovációs tevékenység kritikus, versenyelőnyt meghatározó tényezővé vált. A tudásfolyamatok egyre komplexebbé válásával a vállalatok határaikon túlnyúló kapcsolatok kialakítására kényszerülnek, amelyek révén pótlólagosan kiegészítő erőforrásokhoz jutnak. Az egyre rövidülő termék- és technológiai életciklusok következtében a cégek innovációs stratégiájuk újragondolására kényszerültek. Így a vállalati együttműködés egyre hangsúlyosabb szerepet kapott a cégek innovációs stratégiájában és folyamatában. Magyarországon a vegyipar a tudás- és innovációintenzív ágazatok közé tartozik. A fejlesztési és innovációs törekvések elsősorban a vegyipari termékek használati értékére, minőségére és árára fókuszálnak, azonban az előállított termékek és technológiák gazdaságosságával szembeni követelmények, a környezeti hatások csökkentésére (újrahasznosítás, lebonthatóság) vonatkozó igények is egyre nagyobb hangsúlyt kapnak. Mindez folyamatos kutatás-fejlesztést és innovatív szemléletmódot kíván meg a vegyipari vállalatok részéről. A fejlesztés szellemi és infrastrukturális igényei rendkívül nagyok, ezért a szükséges tudományos ismeretek és berendezések sok esetben nem egyetlen cégnél állnak rendelkezésre, ezért egyre gyakoribb a vállalatközi együttműködés a vegyipari innovációs tevékenység területén.
Acute effect of different orders of concurrent training on glycemia
Authors: Da Silva Junior Osvaldo Tadeu , Marinho do Nascimento Gustavo , Henrique da Silva Nishioka Giovane , Polesel Batista Anderson , Curiacos Jose Alexandre , Wilson dos Santos Julio
Published: March 2021

The present study verified the effect of a concurrent training (CT) session in different orders, Strength + Endurance (SE) and Endurance + Strength (ES), on the glycemic control. The crossover study included 20 young men, 21.80 ± 2.90 years, IMC ≥ 23 kg/m2, 24.83 ± 3.68% of fat, who performed both CT sessions separated by 72 h. Capillary glycemia was measured at pre, immediately post the end of each exercise session, and during the recovery period at 30, 60, and 90 minutes. The comparisons were performed using Two-way ANOVA (order and time), paired test-t for the area under the curve, as well as Cohen’s d effect size. There was effect of exercise order (F = 5.973; p = 0.03), effect of time (F = 18.345; p = 0.001) and interaction between order and time (F = 2.835; p = 0.03). The area under the curve presented a significant reduction (p = 0.03, effect size = 0.51, moderate). The area under the curve was smaller in SE, as well as glucose concentrations at end and post 30 min of exercise, suggesting better efficiency in glycemic control compared to ES.
Perempuan Dalam Media Online: Antara Identitas Dan Politik Islam
Authors: Wulandari Claudia Tevy
Published: March 2021

This paper examines the online activies of the exclusive Muslim women’s community in Surakarta. The presence of the internet is a space for exclusive Muslim women’s who tend to limit themselves to the outside world. Through the internet they can also contribute to the contestation with other Islamic groups. As for the main uestion in this paper is how do exsclusive Muslim women show their identity through online media? To discuss it the author focused on observing through a Facebook account, ater previously the author knew several members of the exsclusive Muslim women’s group. The results showed that the exclusive Muslim women’s group in Surakarta tended to adopt the salafi-jihadi understanding. The author argues that all form of activities carried out in online media are part of their way to show Islamic identity and are part of Islamic political expression. This study is intended to contribute to the discussion regarding the discussion of the Islamism in Indonesia.[Tulisan ini mengkaji mengenai aktivitas online komunitas perempuan Muslim eksklusif di Surakarta. Kehadiran internet menjadi ruang gerak bagi para perempuan Muslim eksklusif yang cenderung membatasi diri dengan dunia luar. Melalui internet juga mereka dapat turut andil berkontestasi dengan kelompok Islam yang lainnya. Adapun pertanyaan utama dalam tulisan ini adalah bagaimana perempuan Muslim eksklusif tersebut menunjukkan identitasnya melalui media online? Untuk membahasnya penulis fokus melakukan observasi lewat akun facebook, setelah sebelumnya penulis mengetahui beberapa anggota dari kelompok perempuan Muslim eksklusif tersebut. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelompok perempuan Muslim eksklusif di Surakarta tersebut cenderung mengadopsi paham salafi-jihadi. Penulis berargumen bahwa segala bentuk aktivitas yang dilakukan dalam media online tersebut merupakan bagian dari cara mereka untuk menunjukkan identitas keislaman dan merupakan bagian dari eskpresi politik Islam. Kajian ini dimaksudkan untuk turut berkontribusi dalam diskusi mengenai pembahasan gerakan Islamisme di Indonesia.]
TASAWUF DI ERA MODRNITAS (KAJIAN KOMPERHENSIF SEPUTAR NEO-SUFISME)
Authors: Sakdullah Muhammad
Published: March 2021

Sufisme atau tasawuf merupakan buah peradaban Islam yang sangat tua, namun telah banyak mengalami revitalisasi dari masa ke masa, tidak terkecuali di era modern saat ini. Kehadirannya semakin bermakna ketika ia mampu menjadi oase di padang pasir, khususnya bagi masyarakat modern yang mengalami krisis spiritual. Ia yang dahulu dituduh sebagai penyebab kemunduran Islam, dan disikapi secara negatif oleh sebagian pemikir Islam, oleh mereka para pemikir islam progresif, seperti Fazlur Rahman, al-Faruqi, hingga Hamka, kini semakin mendapatkan tempat dalam masyarakat modern. Bahkan ia menjadi alternatif solusi yang dinantikan bagi problematika masyarakat modern saat ini.Lebih lanjut, melihat ekspektasi kehidupan modern dengan berbagai pencapaian dalam banyak bidang, seharusnya dapat mengantarkan manusia pada kehidupan yang tenang dan bahagia, namun secara nyata justru sebaliknya, bahwa pencapaian dunia saja tidak mampu untuk mengantarkan manusia pada kondisi yang diidamkan tersebut. Kenyataan ini mengisyaratkan bahwa terdapat unsur lain dari diri manusia yang menuntut untuk dipenuhi, yakni unsur kerohaniannya.Tulisan ini akan mengkaji seacra komprhensif bagaimana peran neo-sufisme atau tasawuf gaya baru dalam menyikapi kehidupan modern. Tulisan ini tergolong pada kajian pustaka dan menggunakan metode analisis-deskriptif. Melalui tulisan ini, ditemukan bahwa nilai-nilai yang terdapat pada neo-sufisme di era modern saat ini, dapat melatih jiwa, dan mental agar dapat hidup seimbang ditengah pengaruh keduniawian yang serba materialis dan hedonis dalam ketaatan kepada Sang Pencipta. Karena secara substantif, manusia yang telah memasuki alam kerohanian, ia akan menemukan dan menjalankan nilai-nilai tasawuf dalam kehidupannya berupa sifat wara’, tawadu’, qana’ah, ta’abbud, zuhud, dsb.
Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Cinnamomum cassia essential oil and its application in food preservation
Authors: Kačániová Miroslava , Galovičová Lucia , Valková Veronika , Tvrdá Eva , Terentjeva Margarita , Žiarovská Jana , Kunová Simona , Savitskaya Tatsiana , Grinshpan Dmitrij , Štefániková Jana , Felsöciová Soňa , Vukovic Nenad , Kowalczewski Przemysław Łukasz
Published: March 2021

This study was designed to investigate chemical and antioxidant properties, as well as the antimicrobial and antibiofilm behaviour of Cinnamomum cassia essential oil (CCEO). MALDI-TOF MS Biotyper mass spectrometry was applied to evaluate the biofilms of Stenotrophonomonas maltophilia and Bacillus subtilis, while the antibiofilm ability of CCEO was assessed on wooden and glass surfaces. The antimicrobial activity by disc diffusion method, microdilution method, and vapour phase for two biofilm-producing bacteria and three Penicillium spp. were used. Antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties were assessed using the agar microdilution protocol. The vapour phase of Penicillium citrinum, P. crustosum, P. expansum, S. maltophilia, and B. subtilis on bread, carrot, potato, sweet potato, and apple in situ was studied. Specific molecular variations related to the biofilm formation and genetic analogies were evaluated with MSP spectra dendrograms of S. maltophilia and B. subtilis profiles were grown on different days. The results of disc diffusion and broth diffusion methods showed that CCEO was strongly effective against all tested microorganisms and the vapour phase method was effective and active against all Penicillium spp., but not strongly effective against bacteria in food preservation of food matrices.
Mixed methods to assess the use of rare illicit psychoactive substances: a case study
Authors: Janssen Eric , Vuolo Mike , Gérome Clément , Cadet-Taïrou Agnès
Published: March 2021

This article presents original mixed method research to describe the use of rare illicit psychoactive substances, with special emphasis on crack cocaine in France. We first introduce a unique monitoring system committed to the observation of hard-to-reach populations. Qualitative findings rely, among others, on perennial ethnographic studies and field professionals’ knowledge to provide guidance to estimate the number of crack cocaine users. We then rely on a set of multilevel capture-recapture estimators, a statistical procedure to indirectly estimate the size of elusive populations. Since prior field evidence suggests an increasing diversity in crack cocaine users’ profiles, we provide a measure of heterogeneity to assess which estimator better fits the data. The calculated estimates are then critically reviewed and debated in light of the previously gathered information. Our results uncover both individual and institutional heterogeneity and suggest that the spread of crack cocaine in France initiated earlier than originally thought. Our case study underlines the need for field-driven assessments to put quantitative results into perspective, a necessary step to tailor efficient health policy responses.
Testing and evaluation of cold-start emissions from a gasoline engine in RDE test at two different ambient temperatures
Authors: Pielecha Jacek , Skobiej Kinga , Kurtyka Karolina
Published: March 2021

In order to better reflect the actual ecological performance of vehicles in traffic conditions, both the emission standards and the applied emission tests are being developed, for example by considering exhaust emissions for a cold engine start. This article presents the research results on the impact of ambient temperature during the cold start of a gasoline engine in road emission tests. The Real Driving Emissions (RDE) tests apply to passenger cars that meet the Euro 6 emissions norm and they are complementary to their type approval tests. A portable emissions measurement system was used to record the engine and vehicle operating parameters, as well as to measure the exhaust emissions during tests. This allowed for parameters such as engine load, engine speed and vehicle speed to be monitored. The cold start conditions for two different temperatures (8°C and 25°C) were compared in detail. Moreover, the engine operating parameters, exhaust concentration values and road emissions for the 300 s time interval, were compared. The summary of the article presents the share of a passenger car’s cold start phase for each exhaust compound in the urban part of the test and in the entire Real Driving Emissions test depending on the ambient temperature.
Bending and SAR analysis on UWB wearable MIMO antenna for on-arm WBAN applications
Authors: Jayant Shailesh , Srivastava Garima , Purwar Ravindra
Published: March 2021

Here, a planar Ultra-Wideband (UWB) wearable Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna is designed for on-arm wearable Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) applications. This antenna is designed on a 100% cotton cloth substrate. The two-port MIMO antenna has a dual spinning wheel shape like radiators with the partial ground and microstrip feedings. The two partial grounds are connected to a rectangular strip to have common ground. The complete surface area of the antenna is 40 ×  70 mm2. In comparison with recently published papers in the same research area, the bending and SAR analysis are also done to estimate the performance of this wearable antenna, which is the novelty of this research work. For entire UWB bandwidth, S–parameters, gain, efficiency, and diversity parameters (Channel Capacity Loss [CCL] and Envelope Correlation Coefficient [ECC]) and far-field simulations are done for all cases such as flat, bend, on body antenna, which demonstrates the appropriateness of the presented antenna to be operated to the human arm.
Fracture toughness assessment at different regions in an inertial friction welded Ti-5Al-2Sn-2Zr-4Mo-4Cr alloy plate
Authors: Ji Yingping , Wu Sujun
Published: March 2021

The study aims to ascertain the influences of position on fracture toughness and fracture mechanism of inertial friction welded Ti-5Al-2Sn-2Zr-4Mo-4Cr joints. The room-temperature fracture toughness values of the parent material and three other regions in the weld were evaluated by standard crack tip opening displacement tests. The micro-structure and tensile properties of the welds were also investigated. Based on the observation of fracture surface and crack propagation path, a schematic illustration of the crack propagation was formed. The results suggest that the weld metal had the worst fracture toughness. The individual fracture toughness of different regions in the weld could be explained by the various modes of crack propagation, which were affected by different microstructures.
Modeling and fault identification of the gear tooth surface wear failure system
Authors: Wang Jingyue , Wang Haotian , Guo Lixin , Yang Diange
Published: March 2021

In order to detect the gear tooth surface wear fault, this paper presents a new fault diagnosis method based on Symlets wavelet family multi-structure element difference morphological denoising and frequency slice wavelet transform (FSWT). Besides considering the gear backlash, time-varying mesh stiffness, gear error and bearing longitudinal response, and low frequency excitation caused by the torque fluctuation, random disturbance of damping gear ratio, gear backlash, excitation frequency, and meshing stiffness are also considered. Dynamics equations of a three degrees of freedom spur gear transmission system with tooth surface wear fault are established according to Newton’s laws. The 4–5 order variable step Runge–Kutta method has been used for solving the equations to get the vibration signal of the system. Then, the proposed method is applied to extract the wear fault signal, which verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Charming Snakes (and Kings), from Egypt to Persia
Authors: Clancier Philippe , Agut Damien
Published: March 2021

The war between Assyria and Egypt resulted in the deportation of scholars from the Nile Valley to Mesopotamia. Among them were the so-called “snake charmers.” While it was a well-known profession in Egypt, this was not the case in Assyria or Babylonia, where the treatment of snakebites and scorpion stings was left to exorcist doctors. A number of clues from the late Neo-Assyrian and Achaemenid Persian periods suggest that the “snake charmers” from Egypt enjoyed success with the kings of the great empires in the Middle East. Their presence most likely resulted from the professional structure and visibility of the Egyptian “snake charmers,” which were relatively absent in Mesopotamia.
“An Especially Thankless Work”? Filtering Practices in Emergency Shelters and Ethical Dilemmas for Street-level Social Workers in Western Switzerland
Authors: Bertho Béatrice , Martin Hélène
Published: March 2021

Based on an ethnographic survey conducted in services for the homeless in French-speaking Switzerland, this paper examines street-level social workers’ struggles between the implementation of official policies and their direct work with people. Beyond their common condition of homelessness, people looking for shelter are a very heterogeneous group: undocumented migrants and foreign workers rub shoulders with poor, local pensioners, or with persons suffering from drug addiction or mental illness. Guided by national and international residence and labour legislation, local authorities and institutions have their own policies – more or less strict in their exclusion of poor migrants – regarding the legitimate beneficiaries of a place in the emergency accommodation system. In this article, we analyse the encounters of street-level social workers with homeless people and examine the practical, value-based and ethical dilemmas they face, as well the use of their discretionary power in making more - or less - appropriate shelter available for destitute migrants.
Cross-promotion, Self-Promotion Effects in News Media
Authors: Terry Christopher
Published: March 2021

In this paper, the use of self-promotion and cross-promotion in news media is examined through a study of Canadian media giant, Bell Media’s CTV News multi-platform news operation. Through a content analysis of four CTV News platforms; conventional television, specialty television, their website and mobile application, a pattern of promotional use emerges. This pattern, which I refer to as ‘herding,’ is designed to influence viewers to shift their viewing patterns towards more lucrative areas where advertising is more valued by the media owner. There are also concerns by media experts that promotions combined with advertising have a direct effect of diminishing the quantity of news available on these platforms thereby reducing the public’s ability to be informed about issues of the day.
A Social Media Strategy for Politics in Action: The Case of CPAC, the Cable Public Affairs Channel
Authors: Thomlinson Jennifer
Published: March 2021

Social media is changing the way business is done, and television is no exception. This case study proposes a social media strategy for CPAC, the Cable Public Affairs Channel, as a means to transition from a one-way, television service to an all-encompassing source of political information and programming. CPAC is present in social media channels but they are under-resourced and underdeveloped. An element of trepidation exists amongst CPAC’s senior management with respect to social media, although there is an acknowledgement that CPAC must be in the space. Primary fears are that using social media will infringe upon the independent and editorial-free nature of its mission, as well as detract from intelligent and meaningful dialogue, making it a challenge for getting buy-in to do more. However, as broadcasters C-SPAN and PBS have demonstrated, social media can be leveraged in a way that does not threaten public interest media’s role but rather enhances it. Drawing on an extensive literature review, a focus group with CPAC’s senior management and interviews with comparator organizations C-SPAN and PBS, a strategy based on the findings is recommended for implementation.
Muscle Architecture and Maturation Influence Sprint and Jump Ability in Young Boys: A Multistudy Approach
Authors: Radnor John M. , Oliver Jon L. , Waugh Charlie M. , Myer Gregory D. , Lloyd Rhodri S.
Published: March 2021

Radnor, JM, Oliver, JL, Waugh, CM, Myer, GD, and Lloyd, RS. Muscle Architecture and Maturation Influence Sprint and Jump Ability in Young Boys: A Multistudy Approach. J Strength Cond Res 36(10): 2741–2751, 2022—This series of experiments examined the influence of medial gastrocnemius (GM) and vastus lateralis (VL) muscle architecture (muscle thickness, pennation angle, and fascicle length) on sprint and jump performance in pre–, circa–, and post–peak height velocity (PHV) boys. In experiment 1, 1-way analysis of variance and Cohen's d effect sizes demonstrated that most muscle architecture measures were significantly greater in post-PHV compared with pre-PHV boys (d = 0.77–1.41; p < 0.05). For most sprint and jump variables, there were small to moderate differences between pre-PHV to circa-PHV and circa-PHV to post-PHV groups (d = 0.58–0.93; p < 0.05) and moderate to large differences between pre-PHV and post-PHV groups (d = 1.01–1.47; p < 0.05). Pearson's correlation analyses in experiment 2 determined that muscle architecture had small to moderate correlations with sprint and jump performance (r = 0.228–0.707, p < 0.05), with strongest associations within the post-PHV cohort. Chi-squared analyses in experiment 3 identified that, over 18 months, more POST-POST responders than expected made positive changes in GM and VL muscle thickness. Significantly more PRE-POST subjects than expected displayed changes in maximal sprint speed, while significantly more POST-POST individuals than expected showed positive changes in jump height. Muscle architecture seems to be larger in more mature boys compared with their less mature peers and likely underlies their greater performance in sprinting and jumping tasks. Boys experiencing, or having experienced, PHV make the largest increases in muscle architecture and sprinting and jumping performance when tracked over 18 months.
“Pequenos gatunos, vadios, vagabundos, delinquentes...” Menores à margem da lei em Salvador Primeira República (1889-1920)
Authors: De Souza Osnan Silva
Published: March 2021

A pretensão é, através deste artigo, pesquisar, problematizar e apresentar quem eram os chamados menores delinquentes, abandonados, vagabundos, gatunos etc. O que eles faziam para serem alvos das prisões policiais, reclamações, apelos, discussões e das propostas políticas e sociais na imprensa e nos meios parlamentares, e como esses menores reagiam às tentativas de controle social: são algumas das questões históricas que estão a ser refletidas neste trabalho. Para tanto foi necessário um diálogo com muitas fontes: reportagens, queixas, reclamações, propostas políticas, discursos religiosos, depoimentos, dentre outras coisas que encontramos nos jornais e periódicos da época. Foi imprescindível também incluir nesta conversação os estudiosos, tanto aqueles que trabalham com a Bahia como os que pensam outras regiões do Brasil.Palavras Chaves: Menores; Primeira República; Salvador. AbstractThis paper has the intention to research, problematize and present who were the so-called juvenile delinquents, abandoned, vagabonds, sneakers etc. What they did to be targets of police arrests, complaints, appeals, discussions and political and social proposals in the press and parliamentary media, and how these minors responded to attempts at social control: these are some of the historical issues that are being reflected upon. This required a dialogue with many sources: reports, complaints, political proposals, religious speeches, testimonials, among other materials found in the newspapers and publications of the time.  The scholars were essential pieces to be included in our discussion, both those who work with Bahia issues and those who think other regions of Brasil.Keywords: Minors; First Republic; Savior.
A História a partir da subalterna: Breve debate bibliográfico entre os Estudos Pós-Coloniais e de Gênero.
Authors: Schneider Nicole Angélica
Published: March 2021

Diante de uma historiografia que parecia engessada em conceitos generalizadores, pesquisadoras de núcleos de estudos e disciplinas nas universidades, a partir de 1960, unem-se para responder a uma demanda das ruas: onde estão as mulheres na História e motivo pelo qual suas histórias não foram contadas. Juntamente com um movimento social, surge um movimento acadêmico de construir uma epistemologia para compreender estes sujeitos ausentes até aquele momento: os Estudos de Gênero. Muitos debates foram se constituindo neste campo, forçando uma oxigenação em outros. Os estudos pós-coloniais construídos para compreender as consequências sistemáticas da relação colonizado-colonizador contribui com o debate de gênero. Neste artigo farei um breve debate bibliográfico sobre esta abordagem interdisciplinar e interseccional para os Estudos de Gênero.Palavras-chave: Estudos de Gênero; Estudos pós-coloniais; Interseccionalidade. AbstractIn the face of a historiography that seemed to be plastered in generalizing concepts, researchers of study centers and disciplines in universities, from 1960 on, came together to respond to a demand from the streets: where the women are in history and why their stories were not told. Together with a social movement, an academic movement emerged to build an epistemology to understand these subjects absent until that moment: the Studies of Gender. Many debates have arisen in this field, forcing an oxygenation in others. Postcolonial studies built to understand the systematic consequences of the colonize-colonizer relationship contribute to the gender debate. In this paper I will make a brief bibliographic debate on this interdisciplinary and intersectional approach to Gender Studies.Keywords: Gender Studies; Postcolonial Studies; Intersectionality.
Challenges in Harmonising and Implementing the Environmental Crime Directive
Authors: Ragaišytė Ieva Marija
Published: March 2021

The article analyses the harmonisation framework under TFEU of the Directive 2008/99/EC and the possible difficulties in implementing the document in national legislation. An inadequately chosen legitimate purpose and the lack of the prioritisation of environmental crime in the Member States result in harmonisation and implementation problems related to issues of the definitions of the offences, their differentiation and compliance with fundamental principles of the law.
The Multidimensionality of Legal Facts
Authors: Shafalovich Hanna
Published: March 2021

This article explores the multidimensionality of legal facts in their various aspects, which are considered atypical in “mechanical jurisprudence.” As a result of the research, the author concludes that the multidimensionality of legal facts is represented by actual, legal and terminological, behavioral, documentary, and other aspects.
Evaluation of atopy schools for parents
Authors: García-Soto Laura , Martín-Masot Rafael , Espadafor-López Beatriz , Martínez-Cañavate Burgos Ana María , Tercedor-Sánchez Jesús
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Atopic dermatitis is a highly prevalent chronic disorder. Therapeutic education in diseases of this kind is essential in order to improve patient management and prognosis. A study was conducted regarding parent satisfaction following educational sessions in an Atopy School organized by a multidisciplinary team.Material and methods: E-mail surveys with variables scored by means of a Likert scale were administered among the parents participating in the workshops organized by the Atopy School. The educational program comprised four sessions with a duration of 4 hours.Results: Ninety-five percent of the parents were satisfied after participating in the workshops, and were of the opinion that the therapeutic education received was useful for improving control of the illness of their children. Likewise, 85% were satisfied or very satisfied with the help received in the sessions for control of the disease during flare-ups, and 90% considered the data and advice received in the sessions to be of use in improving quality of life of both the children and the family as a whole.Conclusions: The Atopy School afforded caregiver empowerment, and the parents were satis-fied and felt more secure in dealing with the disease of their children—thereby improving the prognosis and quality of life.