bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Asymmetry in the content of brain monoamines of BALB/c mice reared in social isolation conditions
Authors: Karpova Inessa Vladimirovna , Mikheyev Vladimir Vladimirovich , Bychkov Yevgeniy Rudolfovich , Lebedev Andrey Andreyevich , Shabanov Petr Dmitriyevich
Published: October 2015

The effects of long-term social isolation on the content and metabolism of dopamine and serotonin systems were studied in symmetrical brain structures of BALB/c male mice. With HPLC the contents of dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT) and their metabolites dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid (5-HIAA) were measured in the cortex, hippocampus and striatum of both the right and the left hemispheres of the brain in mice reared in groups and social isolation. The isolated mice were characterized by reduced level of DA in the left striatum and elevated level of 5-HIAA and ratio 5-HIAA/5-HT in the right striatum. In the hippocampus of isolated mice, the activation of both DA-ergic and 5-HT-ergic systems was observed, that is the high level of DA and DOPAC in the left hippocampus and the elevated level of 5-HT in both hemispheres and of 5-HIAA in the right hippocampus were registered. On the other hand, the reduction of both DA-ergic and 5-HT-ergic systems activity was shown to be in the right hemisphere. The decreased concentration of DOPAC and ratio DOPAC/DA in the right cortex were observed as well. As to 5-HT-ergic system, the reduced level of 5-HT in the both cortex of the hemispheres as well as 5-HIAA in the right hemisphere of isolated mice was determined. The phenomenon of interhemispheric asymmetry was revealed in the hippocampus only, which was characterized by the increased DA-ergic activity in the left hippocampus but not in the striatum and the cortex.
Antihistamine activity of the new peptidepreparation from the cod liver
Authors: Kryshen Kirill Leonidovich , Demchenko Dmitriy Valentinovich , Pozharitskaya Olga Nikolayevna , Makarova Marina Nikolayevna , Gushchin Yaroslav Aleksandrovich , Rybakova Anna Vladimirovna , Rydlovskaya Anastasiya Vladimirovna , Shikov Aleksandr Nikolayevich , Makarov Valeriy Gennadyevich
Published: October 2015

The effect of the peptide substance on the induced production of histamine by culture of basophile, interaction of the preparation with the H1-histamine receptors and possible sedative effect on animal models were studied. The introduction of the peptide substance in cell culture of basophile didn’t have a significant effect on the histamine release. Study of the interaction of the polypeptide substance with H1-histamine receptors of guinea pig ileum showed that the preparation inhibits the response of unstriated muscles to histamine. The effect was similar to antihistamine drug - ketotifen. In the models of “open field” and “elevated criss-cross labyrinth” it was found that the peptide preparation hasn’t a sedative effect.
SAFETY OF NEW SUBSTANCES WITH PROTECTIVEACTIVITY IN ACUTE EXOGENOUS HYPOXIA
Authors: Sosin Denis Vladimirovich , Yevseyev Andrey Viktorovich , Shabanov Petr Dmitriyevich
Published: October 2015

In the article are represented results of both acute toxicities and safety determination of selenium-containing metal-complex substances πQ1983, πQ2170 that have high pharmacological activities in acute exogenous hypoxia after their introperitoneal or enteral introductions in mice. According with established parameters LD50 the couple of studied substances must be referred to the category of high toxic chemical agents. However, substance πQ1983 can be recommended for its preclinical investigation because it has enough permissible parameters of ED50 and therapeutic indexes.
Antioxidant therapy of endothelialdysfunction
Authors: Tyurenkov Ivan Nikolayevich , Voronkov Andrey Vladislavovich , Sliyetsans Anna Albertovna , Dorkina Yelena Grigoryevna , Snigur Grigoriy Leonidovich
Published: October 2015

The survey provides data on the broad participation of free radical processes in the pathogenesis of various pathological conditions, including in endothelial dysfunction, which necessitates the prevention and correction of such violations. Under these conditions pathogenetically justified is the use of antioxidants in clinical practice from various pharmacological groups as affecting oxidative stress, they have the potential to improve endothelial function, acting as endotelioprotektors.
Clinical and psychological aspects of smoking among pregnant women
Authors: Kharkova Olga Aleksandrovna , Kiseleva Larisa Grigoryevna , Solovyev Andrey Gorgonyevich , Chumakova Galina Nikolayevna , Gryzunova Yekaterina Mikhaylova
Published: October 2015

Analysis of foreign and Russian studies on the tobacco smoking consequences permit to sort out two main aspects: clinical and psychological. Clinical aspect is presented by studies on the tobacco smoking effects on the body of both pregnant women and fetus, and the subsequent development of the child. Psychological aspect is described mental and behavioral disorders of the mother and the child due to use of tobacco during gestation.
Search of markers of alcoholization among ghrelin derivatives
Authors: Khokhlov Platon Platonovich , Bychkov Yevgeniy Rudolfovich , Roik Roman Olegovich , Lebedev Andrey Andreyevich , Shabanov Petr Dmitriyevich
Published: October 2015

The quantitative determination of unacylated ghrelin in rat sera in the course of prolonged (chronic) alcoholization during 6 months followed by alcohol withdrawal (in 1 and 7 days) was made by means of the rat unacylated ghrelin enzyme immunoassay kit (SPIBIO, France). Unacylated ghrelin was revealed in all samples both in control and experimental groups. The row data were treated by means of parametric and nonparametric statistic tests. The level of unacylated ghrelin was shown to double reduce in the course of prolonged alcoholization in rats. Ethanol withdrawal recovered the polypeptide content gradually with maximal indexes in 7 days after alcohol abolition but lower than in control rats. The possibilities of the use of unacylated ghrelin as a biochemical marker of alcoholization and its consequences are discussed.
ECG of rat under action of new metal-complex antixypoxant πq1983 in acute hypoxia
Authors: Sosin Denis Vladimirovich , Pravdivtsev Vitaliy Andreyevich , Yevseyeva Marina Anatolyevna , Yevseyev Andrey Viktorovich , Shabanov Petr Dmitriyevich
Published: October 2015

Fine changes of electrical activities in rat myocardium were studied after oral introduction of new selenium-containing metal-complex substance πQ1983 in dose 100 mg/kg before and after an acute hypercapnichypoxia (AH + Hc) development. A substance for comparison — metabolic antihypoxant amthizole was used by same way and dose. The substances were introduced 90 min before (incubation period) placing of animals into hypoxic chambers with 1.0 L free volume. ECG was recorded continually during both an incubation period and a hypoxic experiment. It has been established that the inhibitory action of the substance πQ1983 on electrical activity of rat myocardium manifests itself like a significant bradycardia. According with ECG data, rats protected with substance πQ1983 show the resistance level to the AH + Hc higher than ones that intake the antihypoxant amthizole. It was proved by peculiarities of early myocardial hypercapnic reactions, parameters of lifespan, and length of so called relative wellbeing period.
Effect of dibazol and its new derivatives on the mollusk ionic channels
Authors: Vislobokov Anatoliy Ivanovich , Myznikov Leonid Vitalyevich , Tarasenko Aleksandr Aleksandrovich , Shabanov Petr Dmitriyevich
Published: October 2015

The changes in transmembrane calcium, sodium and potassium ionic currents after extracellular administration of dibazol (2-(phenylmethyl)-1H-benzimidazol hydrochloride) and its two new derivatives in concentrations of 1, 10, 100 and 1000 µM were studied by the method of intracellular dialysis and fixation of membrane potential in isolated neurons of the Lymnaea stagnalis mollusk. Dibazol in concentrations of 1 and 10 µM effected slightly on the ionic currents. High concentrations of dibazol (100 and 1000 µM) inhibited all currents in dose dependent manner with maximal effect on potassium currents amplitude. ЕС50 were 7.4 мМ for INa, 4.0 мМ for ICa, 83.9 µM for IKs,1 (one group of neurons) and 2.9 мМ for IKs,2 (the another group of neurons). The voltage-amper membrane characteristics shift was not registered, but the kinetics of currents development was changed. Dibazol was more effective in inhibition of ionic currents compared to its structural analogs.
Phantom pain, role and place of different methods of treatment of the phantom pain syndrome
Authors: Davydov Aleksey Trofimovich , Tyukavin Aleksandr Ivanovich , Rezvantsev Mikhail Vladimirovich , Kononchuk Vitaliy Vitalyevich , Shabanov Petr Dmitriyevich
Published: October 2015

The key questions of pathology of phantom pain, its clinic peculiarities, different methods of treatment of the phantom pain syndrome in general practice are described in the review from the modern points of view. The main attention is paid to surgical, drug and nondrug methods of therapy of the phantom pain syndrome with comparison of the clinical efficacy of the methods. Ref. 106.
Mitochondrial targets for pharmacological regulation of cell adaptation to hypoxia
Authors: Novikov Vasiliy Egorovich , Levchenkova Olga Sergeevna
Published: October 2015

The review is devoted to the role of a number of mitochondrial factors in the regulation of cell adaptation to hypoxia and ischemia. The mechanisms of cell adaptation involving factors such as the mitochondrial ATP-dependent potassium channel, mitochondrial megapora, mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase, reactive oxygen species are discussed in the paper. The possibility of pharmacological regulation of cell adaptation with help of target action on mitochondrial components is proposed. This approach is a promising direction for drug discovery for correction of diseases with hypoxia and ischemia in their pathogenesis.
Antioxidant activity of catecholamines as a chane of them antistress effect
Authors: Shilov Georgii Nolianovich , Ivanyutin Vladislav Adamovich
Published: October 2015

The antioxidant activity of some native catecholamines (adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine), water-soluble antioxidant emoxipine, agonist (apomorphine) and antagonist (haloperidol) of dopamine receptors was assessed as their influence on malonic dialdehyde content and products of lipid peroxidation in homogenates and suspension of the rat cortical brain cells. All catecholamines (adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine in concentrations of 10-4 M and 10-5 M) possessed a high (compartable with emoxipine) antioxidant activity. The most antioxidant effect was registered in apomorphine. The inhibitory action of apomorphine on lipid peroxidation in the brain cortex can be a result from both dopamine receptor activation and “direct” antioxidant mechanism.
The influence of experimentally changed thyroid status on cognitive activity and angiogenesis in brain of female of inbred mice С3 Н-А
Authors: Glushakov Ruslan Ivanovich , Kozyrko Elena Vasilievna , Raskin Gennady Alexandrovich , Karpova Inessa Vladimirovna , Lebedev Andrei Andreevich , Mikheev Vladimir Vladimirovich , Tapilskaya Natalia Igorevna , Proshin Sergei Nikolaevich
Published: October 2015

The study was performed using 33 virgin females of inbred mice C3H-A. The animals were randomized as follows 3:2:2. The first group was hyperthyroid (n1=15), the second hypothyroid (n2=10) and the third euthyroid (control) (n3=8). The results of individual behavior investigation as to 18 and 40 weeks of our experiment in “open field” test clarified that quantitative traces of almost whole components of cognitive activity was much higher in hyperthyroid mice as compared to other groups (control and hypothyroid ones). The cognitive behavior activity has gradually been decreasing in hypothyroid group especially in connection to burrow reflex. As to those elements of behavior which are of characteristics of emotions the results were a bit different. The emotional characteristics were more expressed in hyperthyroid group as compared to control and hypothyroid ones. The immunohistochemical investigations clearly showed that expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in neocortex and hyppocampus prevails in hyperthyroid mice and less expressed in animals deprived of thyroid hormones (p < 0.05). The level of glial fibrillar acidic protein (GFAP) expression was significantly lower in brain of hypothyroid animals (p < 0.05). Otherwise the level of platelet derived growth factor receptor-α (PDGF-Rα) expression was much higher in brain of hypothyroid mice (p < 0.05). Our results presented for this paper confirmed the key role of thyroid hormones in regulation of cell interaction not only for developing neural cells but also for adult central nerve system.
Perspectives of D1 dopamine antagonists using in treatment of nervous and psychic disorders with (+)-SCH-23390 as an example
Authors: Bukinich Anna Alexandrovna
Published: October 2015

The effect of dopamine (DA), its agonists and antagonists on the amplitude of GABA-activated currents of isolated multipolar spinal cord neurons (both motoneurons and interneurons) of larva of the lamprey Lampetra planeri by means of patch-clamp method in the whole cell configuration was studied. (+)-SCH-23390, a D1-DA receptors antagonist was shown to block dopamine effects on GABA-activated currents by 63.0 ± 4.7 % and by 77.1 ± 2.0 %. Effects of (-)quinpirol, a D2-DA receptors agonist, on GABA-activated currents were blocked by means of (+)-SCH-23390 by 78.8 ± 0.4 % and by 85.0 ± 5.7 %. Because of chemoactivated currents are in full accordance with a gradual scale, the results on blocking D1-DA receptors by (+)-SCH-23390 are ideal ones and that is the possible basis to further clinical aprobation of (+)-SCH-23390 for treatment of epilepsy, neurotic reactions and depression.
Experimental investigation of the lipin gravidoprotective action in the model of placental disfunction caused by oxidative stress
Authors: Kudina Olesya Viktorovna
Published: October 2015

In the model of placental insufficiency caused by tetrachlormethane during organogenesis in rats, a pronounced effect of the gravidoprotective drug lipin was found assessed in their ability to prevent intrauterine growth retardation of rats and to normalize the morphological changes in the liver, kidney and placenta of pregnant rats. The drug lipin exceeds the reference drug essentiale on the sum of these indicators.
Pharmacological correction of extreme effects of infrasound acoustic vibrations
Authors: Torkunova Olga Vladimirovna , Shabanov Petr Dmitriyevich
Published: October 2015

Review devoted the problem of pharmacological defance from infrasound exposure to the organism. The physiological, biophysical and biochemical bases of infrasound action on the organism both of men and animals are presented in the paper. The big practical material on pharmacological drugs action assessed as sound-protectors was analysed. The drugs list includes psychostimulants, nootropics, antioxidants, antihypoxants, vitamines, analgetics, nonsteroid anti-inftamatory drugs, analeptics, adrenoblockers, smasmolytics etc. All drugs divided into two groups: pathogenic and symptomatic type of action. The analysis of efficacy of pharmacological drugs action on the organism functioning changes due to infrasound exposure showed that the most perspective as sound-protectors were the drugs acting on the main pathogenetic chains.
Dynamics of N-acetylglucosamine in rats with acute cold injury
Authors: Bondarev Yegor Viktorovich , Shtrygol Sergey Yuryevich
Published: October 2015

The Treatment and prevention of acute cold injury refers to the important problem of modern medicine and pharmacology and requires in-depth study of the mechanisms of adaptation to low temperatures. For effective treatment and prevention and treatment of cold injury is required to search for new frigoprotective drug. In our studies found pronounced effect in frigoprotection effect glucosamine hydrochloride, superior efficacy of acetylsalicylic acid in the treatment of acute cold injury. Research one of the biochemical mechanisms investigated frigoprotection effect of glucosamine hydrochloride, which is to normalize reserves of N-acetylglucosamine in the liver, kidney and serum of animals.
The positive gonadotropic effect phytotherapy patients with multiple sclerosis and other neurological diseases
Authors: Barnaulov Oleg Dmitriyevich
Published: October 2015

There are some examples of positive influence phytotherapy on the reduced reproductive functions of men with multiple sclerosis (MS) and other neurogenic diseases in this article. The prescriptions of polycomponent species wich infusions provided high theraputic effect in treating patients with MS and some other syndroms are cited. The explanation of biologically determinated interest in animal’s reproduction is given for some plants. Such approach an exploring of unity flora and fauna law is confirmation of high significance the theory condition nonspecificolly heightened resistance of organism, provoked by plants. This theory was worked out by greate russian pharmacologist N. V. Lasarev and his school.
Isolated frog heart performance after stimulation by adrenaline against the background of new metal-complex antihypoxant πQ1983 action
Authors: Sosin Denis Vladimirovich , Yevseyev Andrey Viktorovich , Pravdivtsev Vitaliy Andreyevich , Shabanov Petr Dmitriyevich
Published: October 2015

The dynamic of isolated nonfixed heart bioimpedance changing had been studied in experiments on frogs (Rana temporaria, n = 20) after stimulation by adrenaline and application of the new antihypoxic metal-complex substance πQ1983 just on myocardium. The curve of heart bioimpedance changing (impedancecardiogram) was registered in vitro by the computer reographic apparatus “Reospectr” (Neurosoft, Russia). Simultaneously ECG was registered too. After placing of a heart in condition of the experiment and after placement of all electrodes the stimulation by adrenaline were performed by dropping of 0.1 % adrenaline hydrochloride solution on myocardium (control group). On the hearts of the experimental group were applied the substance πQ1983 solution 15 min before stimulation by adrenaline (experimental group). Was established that substance πQ1983 increases the resistance of frog myocardium to the stimulation by adrenaline in vitro making longer its mechanical and electrical work more than twice. The obtained data confirm presence of soft direct cardiodepressive effect of the substance πQ1983 that supplements the conception of different mechanisms of its antihypoxic impact.
Effect of cortexin on statokinetic stability in humans
Authors: Buynov Leonid Gennadievich , Sorokina Ludmila Alexandrovna , Voeykov Ivan Mikhaylovich , Shabanov Petr Dmitriyevich
Published: October 2015

Intranasal administration of peptide bioregulator cortexin (0.25 mg in every half of the nouse, 2 times per day with interval 8 h, 10 days, course dose 10 mg) increased statokinetic stability level in healthy humans. Cortexin prolonged the time of load in modified probe of undiscreted cumulation of Coriolis’ acceleration, the time of stable equilibrium in Bondarevskii’s test. At the same time, head heavity and head aiche were decreased. According to computer stabilography, the tests with open eyes were increased too. In particular, statokinesiographic indicators were elevated by 1.40-1.44 times, the amplitude of the common center of gravity and asymmetry coefficient were declined by 1.22-1.24 times in both the frontal and saggital projections. The positive effect of cortexin was stored over 30 days, after that the indicators were recovered upto normal values. There were no differences in dynamics of other indicators the tested, but there was the general tendency to optimize the functional state of the organism and to improve the statokinetic stability in humans.
Nilotinib Therapy in Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Who Have Failed Imatinib
Authors: Swords Ronan , Kelly Kevin , Giles Francis J ,   Professor of Medicine,   Fellow,   Director, Cancer Therapy and Research Center, Institute for Drug Development, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
Published: October 2015

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) results from a single translocation that produces the BCR–ABL fusion oncogene, which is detectable in virtually all patients. Imatinib mesylate has radically changed the outlook for newly diagnosed patients and represents the current standard of care for this disorder. While most patients do well well with imatinib upfront, a minority of patients do not. In addition, this therapy offers little benefit for patients with advanced-phase disease. Several mechanisms underlie imatinib failure, point mutations within the Abelson tyrosine (ABL) kinase domain being the most significant of these. The development of novel agents designed to overcome imatinib resistance led to the creation of the high-affinity BCR-ABL inhibitor nilotinib. The purpose of this article is to summarize the pre-clinical and clinical data on nilotinib in patients with CML who have failed prior therapy with imatinib or dasatinib.
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia—Is There an Optimal Treatment Plan?
Authors: Moore Joseph O ,   Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology and Transplantation, Duke University Medical Center
Published: October 2015

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is the first hematological malignancy in which understanding of the disease pathogenesis has led to rational design therapy. Imatinib mesylate, a first-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), is the current standard of care for patients with chronic-phase CML (CML-CP). It is the only targeted therapy in CML with proven long-term efficacy and safety. Two potent second-generation TKIs, nilotinib and dasatinib, are currently approved for patients who are resistant to or intolerant of imatinib or who are diagnosed with advanced disease. Alternatives for front-line TKI therapy are under active investigation and emerging data indicate that first-line therapy with high-dose imatinib, dasatinib, or nilotinib may be of benefit. Selection of a second-line therapy should consider the side-effect profile, patient comorbidities, type and stage of disease, mutational status, and other practical considerations.
Genome-wide Studies in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Bhojwani Deepa , Pui Ching-Hon ,   Assistant Professor,   Professor of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center
Published: October 2015

The convergence of multiple genome-wide platforms for molecular studies allows exceptionally high-resolution interrogation of the total complement of genetic and epigenetic alterations of the cancer cell. The influence of inherited host pharmacogenomics on drug responsiveness can likewise be examined in a high-throughput manner with single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) profiling. Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is easily investigated by modern genomic tools. Gene-expression patterns can classify ALL into various known and novel subtypes. Within these subtypes, multiple genomic lesions have been systematically characterized and have identified abnormalities in major pathways, including cell-cycle regulation, lymphoid differentiation and signaling, regulation of apoptosis, and tumor suppression. Clinically important phenotypes such as early response to therapy, long-term outcome, and development of adverse events have been correlated to genes and pathways identified in integrated analyses of the genome and transcriptome, providing valuable information for improved risk stratification. Uncovering the molecular mechanisms responsible for therapy failure will lead to strategies to circumvent resistance and to the development of biologically based targeted therapies.
Correlation of days of illness on which oseltamivir was started with outcome in swine flu patients, in Government Medical College, Aurangabad (Jan-2015 to May 2015)
Authors: Borkar Mangala S. , Patil Sagar P. , Pandey Vimlesh R. , Surwade Gajanan A. , Khaire Uddhav S.
Published: October 2015

Background: Since 2009, Government Medical College, Aurangabad, a tertiary care hospital in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India, has been regularly admitting cases of pneumonia and ARDS, that are labeled as swine flu suspects. Oseltamivir is effective in swine flu cases if given within 48 hours and better, within 24 hours of start of illness. However most of our patients do not get oseltamivir within 48 hours. Hence we decided to compare the outcome in patients who received oseltamivir within 48 hours and after that.

Methods: This is an observational, cross-sectional study comparing the time lag between the start of symptoms and getting the first dose of oseltamivir. 59 H1N1 positive patients were admitted to the swine flu ward between January to May 2015. We compared the two groups, one that received oseltamivir within 48 hours of start of symptoms and one that received after 48 hours and compared it with the outcome, i. e survival or death.

Results: 38 patients (64.40%) in our study belonged to the age group of 31-50. Out of 59 positive patients, only 7 received oseltamivir within 48 hours, of whom 4 died. 52 received oseltamivir after 48 hours of whom 20 died. All the 11 who were given non-invasive ventilation, whereas only 1 of the 25 on invasive ventilation survived.  

Conclusions: Oseltamavir does not appear to have made a difference for survival whether it was given within 48 hours as compared to after 48 hours of onset of symptoms. However, these two groups were not comparable.
Anesthesia management of patient with achondroplasia for abdominal hysterectomy
Authors: Karnalkar Asmita P. , Deshpande Ashok
Published: October 2015

Achondroplasia is the commonest form of dwarfism. These patients present several problems for both general and regional anesthesia. There are reports describing regional anesthesia in such patients but there are scarce reports of general anesthesia. The aim of this report is to discuss anesthetic considerations in such patients and to emphasize the difficulties encountered. A 34 year old patient with achondroplasia underwent abdominal hysterectomy under general anesthesia supplemented with regional analgesia. Since preoperative assessment suggested difficult airway, regional anesthesia was planned which was not successful due to spinal abnormality. Subsequently general anesthesia was established with Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) with controlled ventilation without any complication.
Motor neuron disease in a young female, Madras pattern or Brown-Vialetto Van Laere syndrome? - A diagnostic dilemma
Authors: Sasishekar T Venkata Durga , Krishna Y Sai , Sahi A Sathya , Vyas Keerthi
Published: October 2015

We report a case of a 14 year old female patient with progressive ponto-bulbar palsy, bilateral deafness and distal muscle weakness with wasting. This pattern is seen in Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere which is an extremely rare neurological disorder of unknown etiology with less than 80 cases being reported till date. The syndrome was first described in 1894 by Brown and subsequently by Vialetto in 1936 and Van Laere in 1966. A similar pattern is noted in the Madras form of motor neuron disease which is seen in South India. With the available literature and data it's difficult to differentiate between these entities.
ESTUDO DE TENDÊNCIA CLIMÁTICA NA SÉRIE TEMPORAL DE PRECIPITAÇÃO PLUVIOMÉTRICA EM ARAGUARI (MG)
Authors: Ávila Rodrigues Rafael de , Santos Roziane Sobreira dos
Published: October 2015

Objetivou-se com esse trabalho a identificação de possível tendência climática por trimestre em séries de
precipitação pluviométrica utilizando a série temporal de 1975 a 2005 e aplicando o teste não-paramétrico
de Mann-kendall. Os dados foram obtidos através da Agência Nacional de Águas (ANA). Os resultados
indicam que somente o primeiro trimestre apresentou uma tendência não significativa, o segundo e quarto
trimestres apresentaram uma tendência negativa. Em relação ao terceiro trimestre o teste este apresentou
tendência negativa, fato que não pode ser observado graficamente.
SISTEMA DE DISPONIBILIZAÇÃO DE INFORMAÇÕES GEOGRÁFICAS DO ESTADO DE GOIÁS NA INTERNET
Authors: Medeiros Levindo Cardoso , Oliveira Luciano Correia Santos de , Silva Márcio Martins da , Ferreira Nilson Clementino
Published: October 2015

Atualmente, com a crescente utilização das geotecnologias, muitas instituições vêm produzindo grandes
quantidades de informações geográficas. Contudo a publicação ou disponibilização dessas informações
para a sociedade em geral, ocorre ainda de maneira pouco eficiente, gerando, portanto uma grande
carência de informações, que não puderam, devido à falta de recursos e domínio tecnológico, serem
publicadas e/ou disponibilizadas. Mas com o constante desenvolvimento da Internet esta se proveu de
recursos gráficos, tornando-se um meio atraente e apresentável para a disseminação de informações
geográficas. Neste trabalho desenvolveu-se um projeto para disponibilizar informações geográficas sobre
o Estado de Goiás na Internet de forma interativa e dinâmica utilizando softwareslivres.
EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL NO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Oscar Sérgio Cândido de
Published: October 2015

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi mapear e analisar a produção acadêmica sobre Educação Ambiental, nos
Programas de Mestrado em Educação do Estado do Rio de Janeiro reconhecidos pela CAPES.
EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL COMO FERRAMENTA PARA PROMOVER MUDANÇAS ORGANIZACIONAIS
Authors: Trindade Tatiane Barbosa , Lanna Anna Cristina
Published: October 2015

Este artigo tem como objetivo mostrar a importância de se investir em programas intensivos de educação
ambiental, para que a mesma seja uma ferramenta no contexto de mudanças cultural, social e ética dentro
das organizações.
Validação e Verificação de Projetos de GHG
Authors: Antunes Felipe Lacerda
Published: October 2015

A Terra tem um sistema de controle de temperatura natural. Certos gases atmosféricos são críticos
a este sistema e são conhecidos como gases de efeito estufa. Em média, aproximadamente 33% da
radiação solar que incide sobre a Terra é refletida para o espaço sideral através de radiação infravermelha.
O efeito estufa decorre da retenção desta radiação infravermelha, que não consegue traspassar a atmosfera
rica em gases de efeito estufa, e desta maneira provoca o desequilíbrio. A família de gases de efeito estufa
consiste de: gás carbônico, metano, óxido de nitrogênio, CFC, perfluorometano e hexafluoro sulfeto. O
aumento da concentração desses gases na atmosfera intensifica o efeito estufa.
SO DO SENSOR TM NA ESTIMATIVA DA TEMPERATURA DA SUPERFÍCIE E MUDANÇA NO USO DO SOLO EM VIÇOSA, MG, BRASIL
Authors: Delgado Rafael Coll , Rodrigues Rafael de Ávila , Júnior José Francisco de Oliveira , Gois Givanildo de
Published: October 2015

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a dinâmica nouso e cobertura da terra em área de abrangência de Viçosa,
Minas Gerais. Para tanto, utilizou-se o algoritmo SEBAL (Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land) e o
método de classificação não supervisionada por meio do algoritmo ISODATA. Foi utilizada uma série
históricade temperatura do ar (ºC), da Estação Meteorológica Convencional (EMC) do Instituto Nacional de
Meteorologia (INMET) e imagens do sensor TM Landsat 5 do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais
(INPE), noperíodo que compreendeu 16 anos (1994-2010). Os resultados mostraram que nos anosde 1999,
2000, 2003, 2006, 2009 e 2010 mais de 20 mil hectares foram antropizadas, porém, a partir de 1999 inicia-se
um acentuado crescimento das áreas classificadas como mata. Os valores demonstraram avanço das áreas
antropizadas (58,92% em 1994 para 71,90% em 2010) e uma redução das áreas de pastagens (27,04% em
1994 para 5,90% em 2010). A temperatura da superfície estimada pelo algoritmo SEBAL para os anos de
1994 e 2010, apresentaram valores máximos de 38ºC em áreas antropizadas e valores mínimos de 18ºC em
áreas de vegetação. Com base no cálculo do viés médio (VM), o presente estudo mostrou que os dados
estimados da temperatura da superfície apresentaram boa correlação de 0,67 com os dados do INMET, já que
as temperaturas foram subestimadas e superestimadas com valores mínimos e máximos de -3,83ºC e 2,65ºC
em 1994 e 2003. Os resultados obtidos, ainda que em caráter preliminar, indicam a eficiência do
Sensoriamento Remoto (SR) por meio da análise das bandas refletivas e termal do satélite Landsat 5 como
ferramenta de análise na identificação da dinâmica do uso do solo, mostrando-se eficaz quanto à
espacialização dessas anomalias no espaço e no tempo.
UTILIZAÇÃO DO SOFTWARE MAPGEO 2010 COMO RECURSO DIDÁTICO NO ESTUDO DAS SUPERFÍCIES E REFERENCIAIS GEODÉSICOS ADOTADOS EM GEODÉSIA
Authors: Chuerubim Maria Lígia
Published: October 2015

Este artigo visa realizar uma breve abordagem dos principais conceitos, aplicações e técnicas de
posicionamento espacial GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) como, por exemplo, o GPS (Global
Positioning System), envolvidas na obtenção da ondulação geoidal e na conversão entre as altitudes
geométricas (elipsoidais) e científicas (ortométricas). A utilização de modelos matemáticos que relacionam as
altitudes ortométricas e geométrica ao geóide possibilitam a obtenção da ondulação geoidal, que reflete a
distribuição de massas no interior da superfície terrestre. O cálculo da ondulação do geóide por GPS pode ser
realizada por meio do aplicativo computacional MAPGEO2010, disponibilizado pelo IBGE, que permite obter
a ondulação geoidal para um ou mais pontos de forma rápida e prática, requerendo conhecimentos
fundamentais associados às superfícies (física, geoidal e elipsoidal) e referenciais adotados em Geodésia como
o SIRGAS2000 (Sistema de Referência Geocêntrico para as Américas) e o SAD69 (South American Datum
1969), possibilitando ao usuário analisar de forma mais consistente os resultados obtidos.
Superação de dormência de sementes de buriti por meio da escarificação mecânica e embebição.
Authors: Seleguini Alexsander , Camilo Yanuzi Mara Vargas , Souza Eli Regina Barboza de , Martins Maria Lúcia , Belo Ana Paula Márquez , Fernandez Anderson Leite
Published: October 2015

A maioria das espécies de Arecaceae apresenta dificuldades para germinar, mesmo sob condições adequadas, dificultando a produção de mudas. Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, avaliar a influência da escarificação e embebição de sementes na emergência e desenvolvimento de mudas de buritizeiro. Os tratamentos foram compostos pela combinação de métodos de embebição e escarificação de sementes, adotando-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, no esquema fatorial 2 x 3 + 1, com cinco repetições. Foram testadas sementes com e sem escarificação, combinadas com métodos de embebição (sementes não embebidas e sementes embebidas por 30 dias, com e sem renovação diária de água), além de um tratamento adicional, onde as sementes foram escarificadas após a embebição por 30 dias. Foi avaliada a emergência de plântulas aos 46, 66, 86, 106, 126 e 146 dias após a semeadura (DAS), bem como o índice de velocidade de emergência (46 e 146 DAS) e os componentes de crescimento (146 DAS). Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância (Teste F) e as médias comparadas pelo teste Tukey, a 5%. Concluiu-se que as sementes de buriti apresentam dormência tegumentar. A escarificação de sementes aumenta a velocidade de emergência, entretanto, contribui para o aumento na taxa de mortalidade das sementes. A embebição de sementes não escarificadas por 30 dias, com renovação diária de água, melhora o potencial germinativo das sementes. A escarificação mecânica, sem ou após a embebição das sementes em água, aumenta a mortalidade de plântulas de buritizeiro, não sendo, portanto, um método adequado para a superação de dormência.
Perdas econômicas vinculadas às etapas de beneficiamento de milho e trigo, em unidade cooperativa do norte do Paraná.
Authors: Kolling Evandro Marcos , Trogello Emerson , Modolo Alcir José
Published: October 2015

A produção nacional de grãos cresce ano após ano, entretanto o sistema agrícola não se desenvolve como um todo. Áreas como o beneficiamento de grãos ainda apresentam elevadas perdas de ordem quantitativa e qualitativa, o que culmina em perdas econômicas de grande porte nas unidades beneficiadoras de grãos. O presente estudo buscou evidenciar as perdas econômicas oriundas do beneficiamento de grãos das culturas de milho safrinha e trigo no ano agrícola de 2006, em uma unidade beneficiadora/armazenadora de grãos, localizada na região norte do estado do Paraná. Para tal, o processo de beneficiamento, em caráter comercial, foi acompanhado com vistas ao levantamento da quebra técnica ocasionada por grãos danificados e pela secagem excessiva, nas diversas etapas do beneficiamento (recebimento, pós-secagem e expedição). Os dados percentuais foram extrapolados para a capacidade estática total da unidade observada, sendo convertidos a valores monetários, considerando o valor comercial presente dos produtos. Pode-se observar que as etapas de beneficiamento da unidade contribuíram para o aumento de danos em grãos de milho e trigo, elevando a porcentagem de impureza, quebrados e triguilho da fase de recebimento até a fase de expedição. Os resultados econômicos apresentaram uma perda associada de R$ 220.083,00 para a secagem excessiva e de R$ 52.800,00 por danos aos produtos quando da analise da capacidade total da unidade beneficiadora/armazenadora.
Abundância e diversidade de abelhas Euglossina (Hymenoptera: Apidae) da Serra do Tepequém, município de Amajari, Roraima, Brasil.
Authors: Silva Sívio José Reis da , Gama Neto Jaime De Liege , Parente Fernanda Da Silva
Published: October 2015

Com o objetivo de contribuir para o conhecimento da ecologia de Euglossina na Região Amazônica, foi realizado um levantamento da fauna Euglossina da Serra do Tepequém, Município de Amajari, Roraima, Brasil. As coletas de abelhas Euglossina foram realizadas nos meses de março e maio de 2011, com a utilização de armadilhas confeccionadas com garrafas PET contendo iscas aromáticas. Verificou-se a abundância e a diversidade de Euglossina em ambiente de borda e interior de mata primária e em um fragmento de mata alterada no topo da Serra. Foram coletados 243 espécimes de abelhas Euglossina distribuídas em 24 espécies pertencentes a três gêneros: Euglossa, Eulaema e Exaerete. O predomínio foi do gênero Euglossa, seguido de Eulaema e Exaerete. A espécie mais abundante foi Euglossa imperialis (19,7%), seguida de Eulaema meriana (18,1%) e Eulaema nigrita (9,46%). A maior riqueza de espécies foi observada na borda e no interior da mata primária. De modo geral não foi verificada diferença na abundância média das espécies entre os pontos de coleta, mas observou-se uma diminuição da diversidade no fragmento de mata alterada, concluindo-se que a fragmentação florestal é prejudicial à diversidade desse grupo de abelhas.
Adaptabilidade e estabilidade de genótipos de soja em Tocantins.
Authors: De Carvalho Edmar Vinícius , Peluzio Joênes Muci , Santos Weder Ferreira dos , Afférri Flávio Sérgio , Dotto Michel Antônio
Published: October 2015

Objetivou-se com este trabalho estudar a estabilidade fenotípica de cultivares de soja, quanto à produção de grãos, em oito ensaios, quatro na cidade de Gurupi-TO e, quatro na cidade de Palmas - TO, conduzidos durante os anos de 2008 a 2012. Os ensaios foram instalados com delineamento em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições, e onze cultivares de soja. Foram utilizadas as metodologias de análise de estabilidade de Eberhart e Russell (1966), Lin e Binns (1988) modificado por Carneiro (1998), e Annicchiarico (1992) e também, as de Lin (1982) e Cruz e Castoldi (1991) nas análises de estratificação e dissimilaridade ambiental. A produção média das cultivares nos ensaios foi de 2.931 kg ha-1 de grãos. O resultado da análise de variância conjunta mostrou efeitos significativos dos ambientes (ensaios) e da interação G x A, a qual foi predominantemente do tipo complexa para todos os pares de ensaios. O genótipo TMG 131 RR foi mais adequado em ambas as condições ambientais (desfavoráveis e favoráveis), tendendo para as desfavoráveis. E o genótipo TMG 132 RR para as favoráveis. As metodologias utilizadas, de modo geral, se completam e, quando usadas conjuntamente, podem aumentar a confiança quanto à classificação e indicação de cultivares de soja para determinados ambientes.
Seletividade de herbicidas aplicados na cultura do algodão adensado.
Authors: Silva Cleiton Lopes da , Inoue Miriam Hiroko , Mendes Kassio Ferreira , Sztoltz Cassiano Luiz , Silva Breno Araguaia Souza , Conciani Paulo Alberto
Published: October 2015

As plantas daninhas reduzem a produtividade e a qualidade da fibra do algodoeiro, pelo fato desta cultura apresentar crescimento lento nos primeiros estádios de seu ciclo. Assim, objetivou-se com o presente trabalho avaliar o controle de plantas daninhas e a seletividade de herbicidas, aplicados em pré e em pós-emergência, no algodão adensado. Foram testados 10 tratamentos com os herbicidas fomesafen, clomazone, diuron, prometryne, trifloxysulfuron-sodium, pyrithiobac-sodium, S-metolachlor e fluazifop-butil, aplicados em mistura ou sequencial, além da testemunha sem aplicação de herbicida. Os experimentos foram realizados simultaneamente com os mesmos tratamentos, no distrito de Deciolândia, município de Diamantino - MT, com a variedade Fabermax 966 e no município de Sapezal - MT, com a variedade DP 604. Durante o desenvolvimento da cultura, foram realizadas avaliações de fitointoxicação e níveis de controle aos 7, 14 e 28 dias após a aplicação (DAA); estande e altura aos 28 DAA; número de maçãs aos 145 DAA e produtividade do algodão em caroço aos 160 DAA. Independentes das variedades de algodoeiro, todos os tratamentos avaliados causaram fitointoxicações iniciais,apenas os tratamentos 4, 5 e 6 do experimento 1 não diferiram da testemunha na produtividade, porém os demais não afetaram negativamente a produtividade, estande, altura de plantas, número de maçãs, além de proporcionar controle efetivo de plantas daninhas, sendo seletivos ao algodoeiro. A mistura fomesafen + prometryne aplicada em pré-emergência, foi seletiva as variedades de algodoeiro Fabermax 966 e DP 604, entretanto o fomesafen não é registrado para a cultura.
¿A quién aseguramos cuando hablamos de seguridad nacional?: consideraciones ontológicas sobre el Estado-Nación
Authors: Reyes Silva Carlos Manuel
Published: October 2015

El presente estudio tiene por objetivo motivar la reflexión sobre uno de los conceptos más utilizados y polisémicos en el campo de las Relaciones Internacionales como ciencia: la seguridad nacional. Apartándose del enfoque tradicional que considera a ésta únicamente como la seguridad del Estado, el artículo contribuye a entender cómo la identidad de un Estado-Nación puede formar parte de sus políticas de seguridad y qué estrategias son comúnmente utilizadas por los gobiernos cuando dicha identidad se ve amenazada en el escenario nacional. Para poder realizar este análisis se plantea una revisión sobre el concepto de seguridad ontológica situándolo desde un enfoque más nacional y menos estatal, tanto en el orden externo como interno de los Estados-Nación. Además, se hace uso del caso turco para ilustrar diversos fenómenos que versan sobre la importancia que tiene para los Estados el mantenimiento de sus identidades, aun en el actual sistema internacional.
¿Es posible la convergencia en la diversidad?: Chile entre la alianza del Pacífico y el MERCOSUR
Authors: Aranda Riquelme Gilberto , Riquelme Rivera Jorge
Published: October 2015

El artículo analiza la iniciativa de Chile de impulsar la convergencia entre la Alianza del Pacífico y el MERCOSUR, planteada por el actual gobierno de Michelle Bachelet, que se enmarca en la prioridad regional declarada por la política exterior de dicho país. Para tal efecto, a partir de una revisión bibliográfica y de archivos de prensa sobre la materia, se examinan las tendencias que ha seguido el proceso de integración latinoamericano y las opciones que ha seguido el país andino al respecto, así como comparar ambos bloques. El trabajo concluye que, más que reflexionar respecto de la posibilidad de tal convergencia, cabe considerar este proceso como una necesidad, en virtud de favorecer los intereses de la región en materia de inserción internacional.
Irán enfrenta a Asia central: un balance geoestratégico
Authors: Duarte Paulo
Published: October 2015

En este trabajo se pretende hacer una contribución para aumentar el conocimiento sobre una región remota del mundo, pero que es de suma importancia en el contexto geopolítico actual en virtud de su posición estratégica como nexo entre Oriente y Occidente - Asia Central - siendo éste un espacio de competencia para las grandes potencias. El argumento central es que Irán demuestra un interés predominantemente económico (la búsqueda de recursos energéticos) vis-a-vis de la región, persiguiendo políticas fundamentalmente realistas con respecto a la misma. Como alternativa a la observación participante y no participante, se recurrió a la entrevista semiestructurada. La investigación de campo se llevó a cabo a través de entrevistas realizadas en su mayor parte en Asia Central. La metodología de apoyo a esta investigación es el método cualitativo, a través del análisis hermenéutico. Sugerimos que Irán se inspira en la política de China hacia Asia Central, la cual ha demostrado un notable vigor en los últimos años con el fin de proyectar su poder en el ámbito regional y mitigar los efectos de la política (esencialmente) aislacionista de Washington al respecto.
Agua, pobreza y equidad: un análisis asimétrico
Authors: Correa Assmus Gustavo , Muñoz Ortiz Astrid
Published: October 2015

El objetivo del presente artículo se orienta hacia una reflexión en torno a las brechas presentes en determinados elementos que tipifican el acceso al agua de la población pobre y la persistencia de esa inequidad en Colombia. La metodología y método aplicados favorecen un acercamiento teórico y estadístico donde se aborda el análisis asimétrico de la pobreza, la cobertura de acueducto, el acceso al agua y el impacto nacido en la prestación de un servicio de abastecimiento hídrico inadecuado, todo ello visto en los contextos urbano y rural. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian que el lento desarrollo de la voluntad política para intervenir la problemática se refleja igualmente en el lento avance de las variables que permiten eliminar la brecha de inequidad en cuanto pobreza de 21,8 puntos porcentuales (PP), cobertura del servicio en 47,1 PP y acceso al agua en 44,4 PP. Esto, de alguna manera, se puede entender como una falta de ética social y ambiental desde el quehacer público.