bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Soil temperatures at the birch treeline (Betula pubsescens ssp. czerepanovii) - a 21-year record in the Swedish Scandes and a contribution to general treeline theory
Authors: Leif Kullman
Published: June 2021

This study addresses the issue of climate control of the elevational treeline, foremost the role of soil temperatures. During the period 1999 to 2020, soil temperatures were recorded over the year at a depth of 10 cm in a sparse stand (Betula pubescens ssp. czerepanovii) within the upper treeline ecotone of the Swedish Scandes. Over the years 2010 to 2020, the birch stand was repeatedly photographed. This endeavor, in combination with measurements of the tree heights provided an apprehension of individual responses to recent climate variability. This view was taken a step further by analyzing tree-ring patterns more than 100 years back in time. A main result was that the obtained growing season soil temperature of 7.1±0.7 degrees Celsius (°C) is well in accordance with earlier estimates of a global minimum threshold for tree growth at the treeline. Soil temperature was 2.7 °C lower than ambient air temperature. The tree-ring chronology displayed steadily increasing growth between 1880 and the late 1930s. It may be inferred that up to the latter date, the concerned birches were climatically suppressed specimens, entirely snow-covered during the winter. Thereafter, growth progression towards tree-size was initiated from the early 1940s and onwards, in response to climate warming. This process appears to be still in progress as temperatures remain fairly high.
Bridge assessment: A case study of Ajaokuta-Itobe Bridge, Kogi State
Authors: Ibrahim AInuwa  , Abubakar Musa Yola  , Hassan Abba Musa  , Victor Mlanga  , Umar Shuaibu
Published: June 2021

This report summarizes the assessment carried out as a result of the public uproar on the degree of safety of the Ajaokuta/Itobe Bridge in Kogi state. The public outcry was as a result of a severe damaged expansion joints of the bridge. Visual inspection and concrete strength test were carried out to ascertain the safety condition of Itobe Bridge. Seven out of the total number of eight expansion joint covers were damaged and out of place while all the elastomeric bearings were in good working condition. The scouring of the river bed was not visually pronounced except little at the abutment side of the Abuja-Ayingba approach which is attributed to change of water course. Farming activities within the vicinity of the bridge embankment has no effects on the bridge foundation. The compressive strength test result of some bridge elements selected shows that the values are within the satisfactory range. The assessment recommended the lengthening and desilting of the drainage pipes to prevent further corrosion of the concrete and steel members. The use of sand blasting and repainting of the steel beams was also recommended to protect them from further corrosion. Maintenance of cracks on the reinforced concrete abutment and piers should be carried out. The use of sheet piles filled with compacted sand or gabions around the exposed piles caps to protect the foundation was recommended. Shoreline protection measures should be used in protecting the bridge eroded embankment. Seven out of eight expansion joint devices were damaged therefore exposing the elements of the structure that are otherwise protected by the joint devices. The openings about 47cm-53cm becomes a conduit by which moisture, abrasives, chemicals, and other debris are deposited on the superstructure and substructure below the opening, thereby causing extensive damage. The expansion joints devices should be fixed with proper elastomeric strip seal to protect the bridge from further deterioration.
PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM BERBASIS SIRAH NABAWIYAH
Authors: Makhshun Toha
Published: June 2021

The article aims to explain and describe the concept of Islamic education which imitates the Prophet's model in educating friends. The method used is descriptive qualitative analysis, namely describing the data accompanied by critical analysis. The results of the research can beconcluded that in general, Islamic religious education based on sirah Nabawiyah at the Kuttab Al-Fatih Semarang Foundation is carried out by teachers very well and efficiently, this can be proven from several things, namely: 1). Planning Based on Sirah Nabawiyah at the Kuttab Al-Fatih Semarang Foundation can be said to be very good and efficient, because in implementing planning in learning Kuttab teachers really pay attention to the procedures that will be used and applied to good students. 2) The implementation of islamic Learning Based on Sirah Nabawiyah at the Kuttab Al-Fatih Semarang Foundation is very good and efficient, because most of the indicators contained in learning have been carried out by the teacher both from the aspects of preliminary activities, core activities and closing activities are in accordance with Kuttab procedures.�Keywords: �Islamic Education, Sirah Nabawiyah
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Menulis Deskripsi Menggunakan Model Circuit Learning pada Siswa Kelas VII SMP di Samarinda
Authors: Syarif Rakhmad , Arifin M. Bahri , Siddik Mohammad
Published: June 2021

Research on the development of teaching materials for writing descriptions using the learning model of Circuit learning needs to be done because teachers and students have difficulty learning the process of writing descriptions. This study aims (1) to find out the process of developing teaching materials in writing descriptions by using the Circuit Learning model (2) to measure the quality of teaching materials writing descriptions using circuit learning methods assessed from the validity and effectiveness. This study applies research and development methods conducted at Nabil Husen Middle School Samarinda. The results of development research can be seen from the validation results, namely material validation with a value of 88, graphic validation with a value of 86 and a validation of language values ​​with a value of 97 with very valid criteria. The effectiveness test results seen from the implementation of the lesson plan, the teacher's response value 93, the students' response value 93 and the value of the description writing test results obtained an average value of 88 with very effective criteria. Thus, the research development of teaching material writing descriptions by using the learning model of circuit learning in class VII students is very valid and effective.
Keterbukaan Diri Tentang Gaya Hidup Hedonis Remaja SMA Negeri 1 Samarinda pada Media Sosial Instagram
Authors: Saputri Resa Septy , Erawan Endang , Boer Kheyene Molekandella
Published: June 2021

Instagram adalah media sosial yang sangat digemari remaja. Melalui fitur-­fiturnya, remaja dapat menunjukkan diri (self disclosure) termasuk dalam menampilkan gaya hidup hedonis. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui, mendeskripsikan dan menganalisa keterbukaan diri tentang gaya hidup hedonis remaja SMA Negeri 1 Samarinda pada media sosial Instagram. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Fokus penelitian mengacu pada dimensi keterbukaan diri berdasarkan aspek-­aspek gaya hidup hedonis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa remaja SMA Negeri 1 Samarinda aktif melakukan pengungkapan diri mengenai kegiatannya menghabiskan waktu diluar rumah. Penelitian ini juga menganalisa dampak negatif dari pengungkapan diri tentang gaya hidup hedonis yakni adanya penilaian buruk terhadap remaja SMA Negeri 1 Samarinda dari pengguna Instagram lainnya. Sedangkan dampak positifnya ialah banyaknya hubungan pertemanan baru yang terjalin. Tidak terdapat motivasi dan tujuan yang melandasi remaja SMA Negeri 1 Samarinda melakukan keterbukaan diri tentang gaya hidup hedonis.
The Application of Journalistic Language Diction in Immoral Criminal News in Samarinda Pos Newspaper
Authors: Rizky Belinda , Karim Abdullah , Nurliah Nurliah
Published: June 2021

This study aims to determine, describe, and analyze the application of journalistic language diction in the Teun A. van Dijk analysis model on criminal news of immoral types on the front page of the Samarinda Pos newspaper in October 2017 edition. The method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative method, using the Teun A. van Dijk discourse analysis model. The results of this study indicate that from the text dimension, the use of diction or choice of words is straightforward, concrete and specific. But also found diction that is general and worth the taste. From the dimension of social cognition, Samarinda Pos editors construct immoral criminal reporting based on event schemas by prioritizing the selection of diction which does not have a legal and pro-­‐‑market impact. From the dimension of social analysis, the influence of power and access can be seen through comments and leads that tend to use vulgar language that potentially marginalizes women.
Cirugía transumbilical asistida versus multipuerto en pacientes pediátricos con diagnóstico de apendicitis aguda
Authors: Jiménez-Uribe Ana María , Rojas-Sánchez Armando , Fierro-Ávila Fernando , Molina-Ramírez Iván Darío , Mora-Bendeck Nicolás Gilberto Mora Bendeck
Published: June 2021

Introducción. La prevención de las complicaciones en el manejo de la apendicitis aguda sigue siendo un reto para el cirujano pediatra; por lo que es de gran importancia comparar las opciones de manejo quirúrgico, para saber si es posible prevenir dichos resultados, que finalmente llevan a un aumento en el uso de recursos necesarios para tratar a un paciente.

El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar las complicaciones postoperatorias y los costos de la laparoscopia transumbilical asistida y la laparoscopia multipuerto, en pacientes pediátricos en un hospital general de cuarto nivel de la ciudad de Bogotá, D.C., Colombia, entre octubre de 2011 y enero de 2019.

Métodos. Estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo, de corte transversal, con muestreo no probabilístico a conveniencia, en el que se incluyeron los pacientes entre 0 y 16 años de edad, con historia clínica completa y diagnóstico postquirúrgico de apendicitis aguda, los cuales fueron intervenidos mediante cirugía laparoscópica transumbilical asistida o por multipuerto. Se hizo un análisis descriptivo univariado y bivariado.

Resultados. De los 850 pacientes operados en ese periodo, la técnica quirúrgica más usada fue multipuerto (n=528, 62,1%) y se presentaron complicaciones en 59 (6,94%) de los pacientes. El diagnóstico postquirúrgico más frecuente fue apendicitis no perforada (n=762, 89,6%). Al comparar los dos grupos se encontró un valor de p de 0,9685 para la edad, 0,5364 para el diagnóstico postquirúrgico, 0,1127 para las complicaciones postoperatorias y 0,0085 para el costo.

Discusión. El costo de hospitalización y las complicaciones de los pacientes a quienes se les practicó apendicectomía transumbilical asistida es similar a la técnica por multipuerto.
STUDI PERBANDINGAN KEBIJAKAN INDUSTRI 4.0 INDONESIA DENGAN TIGA NEGARA LEADING GROUP FUTURE OF PRODUCTION
Authors: Wisnu Murti (Kementerian Perindustrian) Hari , Siregar M. Tirtana
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe World Economic Forum has compiled a profile of future of production readiness among 100 countries in the world where Indonesia is in the nascent group and requires benchmarking to the leading groups through SWOT Analysis. This study aims to compare Indonesia's industry 4,0 policy with leading countries through a comparative study. The data is obtained from industry 4.0  policy from Indonesia and three leading countries. The results of the study indicate that the Making Indonesia 4.0 policy is on the right track to pursue manufacturing competence and answer future challenges that will be faced by Indonesia and the current baseline, has weaknesses in priority sectors that do not support increased complexity. Opportunities that can be taken are trade infrastructure with other countries, investment opportunities for countries that lack human resources, and cooperation in sustainability standards. The challenge lies in the common priority sectors of the industry and the absence of AI research priorities for health and biotechnology while Indonesia has a large domestic market.AbstrakWorld Economic Forum  menyusun profil kesiapan industri masa depan  pada 100 negara di dunia dimana Indonesia tergolong kelompok Nascent dan membutuhkan pembandingan dengan negara-negara kelompok Leading melalui analisa SWOT, Studi ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan kebijakan industri 4.0 Indonesia dengan negara-negara kelompok Leading melalui studi komparatif. Data diperoleh dari kebijakan industri 4.0 dari Indonesia dan tiga negara kelompok leading. Hasil dari studi mengindikasikan bahwa kebijakan Making Indonesia 4.0 telah pada jalur yang tepat untuk mengejar kompetensi manufaktur dan menjawab tantangan masa depan yang akan dihadapi Indonesia dan baseline saat ini, mempunyai kelemahan pada sektor prioritas yang tidak mendukung peningkatan kompleksitas. Peluang yang bisa diambil adalah infrastruktur perdagangan dengan negara lain, peluang investasi untuk negara yang kurang dalam sumber daya manusia, dan kerjasama standar sustainability. Tantangan ada pada kesamaan sektor prioritas industri dan belum adanya prioritas riset AI untuk kesehatan dan bioteknologi sementara Indonesia mempunyai pasar domestik yang besar.
DIREITOS HUMANOS, SAÚDE MENTAL E TERAPIA OCUPACIONAL
Authors: Vaz Lisete Ribeiro , Estorque Amanda Venturino , Campos Raphael Aguiar Leal , Almeida Marcus Vinicius Machado de
Published: June 2021

A Federação Mundial de Terapeutas Ocupacionais (WFOT) publicou, em 2019, a versão revisada de uma Declaração de Posicionamento intitulada “Occupational Therapy and Human Rights” (WFOT, 2019), cuja primeira versão havia sido publicada em 2006 (WFOT, 2006). A ideia central do documento revisado é a defesa de que os terapeutas ocupacionais se preocupam com os direitos humanos e com a busca de sua garantia. A Declaração expõe também o significado deste Posicionamento para a profissão e para a sociedade. Para a profissão, corresponde à atuação dos terapeutas ocupacionais frente à violação dos direitos humanos. Para a sociedade, traduz o alinhamento entre a noção de direitos humanos e dos direitos ocupacionais, no sentido de seu reconhecimento, de sua proteção e de sua defesa. Para concentrar essas ideias, o documento utiliza o conceito de justiça ocupacional, definido como “o cumprimento do direito de todas as pessoas de participar das ocupações de que necessitem para sobreviver, porque as definem como significativas, e porque contribuem positivamente para seu próprio bem estar e para o bem estar de suas comunidades” (WFOT, 2019, p. 1, tradução livre). O oposto direto desta definição, defendido pela Federação Mundial, é o conceito de injustiça ocupacional, que compreende a violação dos direitos ocupacionais.
PRÁTICAS TERAPÊUTICO OCUPACIONAIS EM ENFERMARIAS PEDIÁTRICAS
Authors: Silva Kamilla Christina Ferraiuolo da , Aragão Larissa Rangel Fernandes , Ferreira Helena de Souza
Published: June 2021

O ambiente hospitalar é desconhecido e incerto, e para as crianças, esse momento pode ser ainda mais assustador. Esse ambiente, diferentemente do domiciliar, provoca ruptura do cotidiano, o afastamento de amigos e familiares, quebra da rotina, mudança no desempenho das atividades de vida diária, restrição de espaço físico, dentre outros fatores. A atuação terapêutica ocupacional nas enfermarias aborda questões motoras, cognitivas, sensoriais, sociais e das áreas de ocupação. Ainda, propõe-se uma discussão acerca dos estímulos sensoriais recebidos por crianças hospitalizadas, especialmente aquelas que necessitem de longa permanência. Visto que hospitalizações frequentes e/ou longas permanências no hospital alteram o cotidiano da criança, podem diminuir a possibilidade de vivenciar experiências sensoriais usuais e podem prejudicar o desempenho ocupacional e o desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor. O terapeuta ocupacional que atua no ambiente hospitalar deve estar atento às peculiaridades que em outros ambientes de prática não são comumente significativos, tais quais: tipos de tecnologias que a criança pode estar dependente, restrição de dieta, alteração de padrões cardiorrespiratórios, assepsia dos materiais utilizados (brinquedos, objetos pessoais e recursos), dificuldade de organização temporal (noções de dia e noite, sol e chuva, etc), impossibilitadas de executar suas ocupações, dentre outros fatores decorrentes da hospitalização. Em sua atuação o terapeuta ocupacional pode intervir de modo a estimular o desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor, auxiliar as crianças a lidar com o processo de hospitalização, avaliar, prescrever e treinar o uso de dispositivos de tecnologia assitiva selecionando os recursos e materiais adequados para cada caso. Podendo ainda, utilizar o brincar como instrumento de auxílio para tais demandas visto que o brincar é a principal atividade da criança.
TERAPIA OCUPACIONAL E CULTURA: INTERSECÇÕES DE UM CAMPO DE CONHECIMENTO E DE PRÁTICA
Authors: Dorneles Patrícia Silva , Takeiti Beatriz Akemi , Silva Carla Regina , Costa Julio Caetano
Published: June 2021

A cultura, enquanto política pública que fomenta a produção artística e cultural, sua disseminação e preservação, são temas recentes das agendas dos estados e de governos. A influência da colonização portuguesa, somada ao colonialismo moderno e a consequente subserviência ao consumo da indústria cultural atuante no país, fizeram que a produção artística e cultural nacional fosse fruto de uma constante decantação, valorizada mais por critérios comerciais e mercantis que estéticos e criativos. A complexidade das formas de expressão da população brasileira, da criação e domínio de códigos e de elementos simbólicos que influenciam costumes e valores fazem com que nossa cultura seja borrada pela extensa fronteira física com países sul americanos assim como diferentes influências dos povos originais e da imigração europeia, africana e oriental (FLUSSER, 2008a, 2008b, 2011). A cultura brasileira, elencada a partir da identidade nacional, passa a ser um mito de unidade da assimilação cultural ou aculturação (FERNANDES, 1978), uma falsa homogeneidade criada artificialmente para dar sustento na estabilidade, na organização do tecido social. Para a terapia ocupacional, garantir os direitos e dignidades tem sido uma pauta transversal. No caso da terapia ocupacional na cultura, as políticas públicas devem ir além da garantia à produção e consumo, e os desafios são múltiplos e complexos. É preciso considerar que a cultura é fundamental e estratégica para o desenvolvimento de qualquer sociedade (UNESCO, 1982). Desta forma, seria um grande equívoco desconsiderar a cultura para e nos processos de transformação social
ANÁLISE DO MOVIMENTO E TERAPIA OCUPACIONAL: A CONSTRUÇÃO DE UM OLHAR SOBRE O SUJEITO EM ATIVIDADE
Authors: Cazeiro Ana Paula Martins
Published: June 2021

A atividade humana, tema central na Terapia Ocupacional brasileira, configura-se ao mesmo tempo como seu objeto de estudo, objetivo e instrumento. Isso significa que, por um lado, o terapeuta ocupacional reflete, investiga e discute sobre a atividade humana em seus múltiplos aspectos e manifestações, e faz uso dela como instrumento do processo de intervenção. Neste sentido, a atividade é algumas vezes entendida como mediadora da relação terapêutica, outras vezes é definida como meio para tratar uma disfunção, alcançar habilidades específicas, favorecer a descoberta de interesses e potencialidades ou fomentar a participação do sujeito no contexto de sua cultura e sociedade. Por outro lado, o objetivo do terapeuta ocupacional é possibilitar que o sujeito consiga realizar com independência e autonomia as atividades de que necessita ou deseja, o que por si só pode favorecer a sua qualidade de vida e a potencialização do seu cotidiano (BENETTON; MARCOLINO, 2013; CASTRO; LIMA; BRUNELLO, 2001; CAZEIRO et al., 2011). Logo, a atividade tem um fim em si mesma, já que se busca tratar o fazer por meio do próprio fazer (FERIOTTI, 2001).
A GESTÃO ESCOLAR E AS POSSIBILIDADES DE DEMOCRATIZAÇÃO DA ORGANIZAÇÃO DO TRABALHO PEDAGÓGICO.
Authors: Barra Maria da Conceição , Medeiros Ada
Published: June 2021

O presente artigo versa sobre a temática da “A gestão escolar e as possibilidades de democratização da organização do trabalho pedagógico”. Sendo assim, estabelecemos como objetivo geral: Analisar os desafios e possibilidades para efetivação da gestão democrática escolar; e específicos: Refletir sobre o contexto histórico de produção das concepções democráticas de gestão da sociedade e da escola; Conhecer os desafios para que os processos democráticos da gestão escolar sejam consolidados tal como disciplina a LDB; Identificar os mecanismos de participação que foram criados para dar visibilidade à gestão democrática. Adotamos a metodologia de pesquisa bibliográfica, orientada a partir da revisão de literatura que teve como primeira etapa, o levantamento da bibliografia, seleção do referencial teórico, das citações e dados necessários para a reflexão crítica da realidade do processo de gestão escolar. Constatamos que, a gestão escolar na perspectiva democrática é possível, mas algumas condicionalidades são necessárias para que ela se efetive: Conselho Escolar Eleição para Gestor da instituição e Projeto Político Pedagógico. É importante destacar que todos esses elementos descritos são dispositivos que prescindem da participação efetiva e crítica da comunidade, contudo, a existência dos mesmos na instituição escolar não significa que as práticas serão democráticas, mas a ausência dos mesmos inviabiliza que a comunidade participe efetivamente das ações da escola.
Local Government Unit’s Support to Educational Programs as Viewed by the Citizens: The Case of Lezo, Aklan
Authors: Reyes Cecilia T , Legaspi Cecile O. , Abayon Clyde G. , Ortega Tomas O. , Relingo Anna Mae. C. , Teruel Mary Eden M. , Yecla Jyanee Loi D.
Published: June 2021

A study was conducted to evaluate the performance in the delivery of support to education programs of the Local Government Unit (LGU) of Lezo, Aklan. The samples were determined adopting the Multi-Stage Random Probability Sampling technique. The targeted 150 respondents were proportionately allocated in each barangay based on the 2015 Census Population and Housing Data from the Philippine Statistical Authority. The qualified sample respondents were selected using the Kish Grid. Female respondents were targeted for even numbered questionnaires while male respondents were targeted for odd numbers. The four major core concepts namely awareness, availment, satisfaction and need for action were used in measuring the rating of the respondents and presented in frequency and percentage distributions. The reasons for their response were likewise gathered. The study concluded that most of the respondents were not aware of scholarships and other assistance programs for students and alternative learning system and other special education programs. Low adjectival rating of citizens availment on educational programs was noted from the survey. This implies that there is a need for considerable improvement and significant interventions for the citizens to be knowledgeable and be able to avail those educational services offered in the Municipality of Lezo. In general, respondents were satisfied on educational programs. In spite of this positive feedback, additional efforts toward improvement are still essential. It is recommended that the LGU must provide budget for the construction of school buildings, libraries, and other facilities and acquisition of needed reference materials in order to provide its citizens with conducive environment for learning.
Over-expression of ORMDL sphingolipid biosynthesis regulator 2 in human endometrial cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: June 2021

Gynecologic cancers including cancers of the endometrium are a clinical problem (1-4). We mined published and public microarray data (5, 6) to discover genes associated with endometrial cancers by comparing transcriptomes of the normal endometrium and endometrial tumors from humans. We identified ORMDL sphingolipid biosynthesis regulator 2, encoded by ORMDL2, as among the most differentially expressed genes, transcriptome-wide, in cancers of the endometrium. ORMDL2 was expressed at significantly higher levels in endometrial tumor tissues as compared to the endometrium. Importantly, in human endometrial cancer, primary tumor expression of ORMDL2 was correlated with overall survival in white patients with low mutational burden. ORMDL2 may be a molecule of interest in understanding the etiology or progression of human endometrial cancer.
EFEKTIFITAS RETRIBUSI PEDAGANG DI PASAR SUMBERGEMPOL
Authors: Fitria Desy Dwi , Aini Ika Nur , Badria Fitri Lailatul
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this research is to determine how effective the retribution of traders in the Sumbergempol market Tulungagung, this research is descriptive. The types of data used are primary data and secondary data. Data collection using interview and observation techniques. Data were analyzed quantitatively. Based on the research that has been done, it can be concluded that the effectiveness of retribution in the Sumbergempol market is the authority and responsibility of all traders. The results show that currently traders in the Sumbergempol market comply with the payment of levies.
Adolescent Personality Development as a Longitudinal Marker for Burnout and Happiness in Emerging Adulthood
Authors: Arslan I , Lucassen Nicole , de Haan Amaranta , Jongerling Joran , Bakker Arnold B. , Prinzie Peter
Published: June 2021

Personality Development, Burnout, Happiness
Sequential post-heading applications for controlling wheat blast: a summary of fungicide performance
Authors: Ascari João Paulo , Barro Jhonatan Paulo , Santana Flávio M. , Pádua José M.V. , Maciel João L. N. , Lau Douglas , Torres Gisele A. M. , Sbalcheiro Cheila , Seixas Claudine D. S. , Goulart Augusto C. P. , Sussel Angelo A. B. , Schipanski Carlos André , Chagas Debora F. , Coelho Maurício A. O. , Montecelli Tatiane D. N. , Amaral Daniel R. , Custódio Adriano A. P. , Moreira Lucas S. O. , Utiamada Carlos M. , Venâncio Wilson S. , Goussain Rita C. S. , Alves Kaique Santos , Del Ponte Emerson Medeiros
Published: June 2021

Wheat blast, caused by Pyricularia oryzae Triticum (PoT) lineage, is a major constraint to wheat production, mainly in the tropics of Brazil where severe epidemics are more frequent. We analyzed disease and wheat yield data from 42 uniform field trials conducted during nine years (2012 to 2020) in order to assess whether the percent control and yield response were influenced by fungicide type, region (tropical or subtropical), and year. Six treatments were selected, all evaluated in at least 19 trials. Two fungicides were applied as solo active ingredients: MANCozeb, and TEBUconazole, and four were premixes: AZOXistrobin + TEBU, TriFLoXistrobin + PROThioconazole, TFLX + TEBU, and PYRAclostrobin + EPOXiconazole. Percent control, calculated from back-transforming estimates by a meta-analysis network model fitted to the log of the means, ranged from 43% to 58%, with all but PYRA + EPOX showing efficacy greater than 52% on average, not differing among them. The variation in both efficacy and yield response were explained by region and all but TEBU performed better in the subtropics than in the tropics. Yield response from using three sequential sprays was around two times greater in the subtropics (319 to 532 kg/ha) than in the tropics (149 to 241.3 kg/ha). No significant decline in fungicide efficacy or yield response were observed in nine years of study for any of the fungicides. Our results reinforce the need to improve control by adopting an integrated management approach in the tropics given the poorer performance and lower profitability, especially for the premixes, than in the subtropics.
Optimized guide polarizer for extended C-band
Authors: Alibaba Mahmud
Published: June 2021

This article presents the design and characteristics of new wideband polarizer based on a square guide with diaphragms. Matching and polarization characteristics of the guide polarizer have been simulated and optimized. Frequency dependences of the simulated characteristics are presented. Developed optimized guide polarizer can be applied in modern satellite antennas.
Differential Phase Shifter for Satellite Antennas
Authors: Chen Xi
Published: June 2021

This article presents the design and characteristics of new wideband differential phase shifter based on a square waveguide with diaphragms. Matching and polarization characteristics of the differential phase shifter have been simulated and optimized. Frequency dependences of the simulated characteristics are presented. Developed differential phase shifter can be applied in modern satellite antennas.
Triacetoneamine-derivates (EvAs) for CO2-absorption from Process Gases
Authors: Kessler Elmar , Ninni Luciana , Vasiliu Dan , Yazdani Amir , Willy Benjamin , Schneider Rolf , Irfan Muhammad , Rolker Jörn , von Harbou Erik , Hasse Hans
Published: June 2021

New amines for reactive absorption of CO2 from process gases were investigated in a comprehensive experimental screening. All studied amines are derivates of triacetoneamine and differ only in the substituent of the triacetoneamine ring structure. The amines are abbreviated by the acronym EvA with a consecutive number, designating the derivate. About 50 EvAs were considered in this work from which 26 were actually synthesized and investigated in aqueous solution.The following properties were studied: solubility of CO2, rate of absorption of CO2, liquid–liquid and solid–liquid equilibrium, foaming behavior, dynamic viscosity, and acid constants. The nine most promising EvAs were evaluated with the NoVa short-cut method (Vasiliu et al., 2020). The method yields estimates for the specific energy demand and recirculation rate for a given purification task. Two typical purification tasks were considered: the CO2-removal from natural gas and from synthesis gas, respectively. Some of the EvAs showed significantly improved performance compared to monoethanolamine (MEA) and a solvent-blend of methyl-diethanolamine and piperazine (MDEA/PZ).
New Polarization Device for Reflector Antennas
Authors: Chen Xi
Published: June 2021

This article presents the design and characteristics of new wideband polarization transformer based on a square waveguide with diaphragms. Matching and polarization characteristics of the polarization transformer have been simulated and optimized. Frequency dependences of the simulated characteristics are presented. Developed polarization transformer can be applied in modern satellite antennas.
Trastuzumab-treated Invasive Lobular Carcinoma patients have a differently expressed protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type H, PTPRH
Authors: Sah V.
Published: June 2021

Trastuzumab, a monoclonal antibody that targets the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), is used to treat human breast cancer1,2. However, a thorough knowledge of how trastuzumab therapy modulates tumor signal transduction is inadequate. We discovered that the protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type H, encoded by PTPRH, was among the genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients treated with trastuzumab, and expressed at lower levels in the tumors of patients treated with trastuzumab, by mining published and public microarray and gene expression data3,4 from the primary tumors of patients treated with trastuzumab. Thus, trastuzumab treatment in breast cancer patients is linked to lower primary tumor expression of a protein tyrosine phosphatase, whose deficit in pediatric solid tumors identifies a risk-phenotype and whose expression is reduced in colorectal cancer.
ANALISIS PERKEMBANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN UNTUK DUNIA PENDIDIKAN DAN PERUSAHAAN
Authors: RIZALITAHER ALIF SAUM
Published: June 2021

Perkembangan SIM sangat pesat dalam bidang teknologi sehingga memaksa perusahaandan pendidikan harus mengngikuti perkembangannya.Tanpa adanya informasi kita tidakmungkin bisa maju melawan zaman yang serba modern ini. sebab itulah SIM sangatpenting bagi dunia pendidikan dan perusahaan. Baik dari luar maupun dari dalam.Semuamencangkup hubungan antara satu dengan yang lainnya.Banyaknya tersedia perangkatlunak memudahkan dalam kegiatan pendidikan dan perusahaan.Pada artikel ini bertujuanmenganalisis hasil perkembangan SIM dari tahun-ketahun.Diaharapkan dapat menjadisumber informasi yang baik dan mendukung perkembangan Sistem InformasiManajemen.
A Probe into the Motivation of Vietnamese Students to Study in Taiwan under the Background of the New Southward Policy
Authors: Chen Kuo
Published: June 2021

From 2 016 Nian Executive Yuan to promote the new Southward Policy so far , to Taiwan students studying in the growing Southeast Asia, Vietnam, thousands of students from a few years to double the number of Taiwan to become the second largest source of overseas students after China . At present, most of the international students' motivations for studying in Taiwan are discussed with Southeast Asia as a whole. Based on each country it has its students social background and cultural difference , in this study to Vietnamese students to explore objects by depth interviews, purposive sampling 1 5 names from the 2 016 Vietnamese students enrolled year to Taiwan registered semi-structured interviews . The research results show that after the promotion of the new southward policy, the main three key factors of Vietnamese students’ motivation to study in Taiwan are cultural experience , language learning / language ability , and pursuit of academic and professional growth.. Among the various motivational factors, it can be divided into pushing factors and pulling factors. The main motivations for pushing are that the domestic educational environment in Vietnam is not conducive to academic and professional growth, language learning , recommendations from teachers / supervisors in Taiwan, and family expectations; the motivation for pulling Mainly the geographical location of Taiwan, cultural experience, economical cost of studying abroad , scholarships, Taiwan's public service conditions, social and political freedom, education and language environment. This research puts forward relevant suggestions based on its research results.
Popular individuals process the world in particularly normative ways
Authors: Baek Elisa C , Hyon Ryan , López Karina , Finn Emily S. , Porter Mason A. , Parkinson Carolyn
Published: June 2021

People differ in how they attend to, interpret, and respond to their surroundings. Convergent processing of the world may be one factor that contributes to social connections between individuals. We used neuroimaging and network analysis to investigate whether the most central individuals in their communities (as measured by in-degree centrality, a notion of popularity) process the world in a particularly normative way. We found that more central individuals had exceptionally similar neural responses to their peers and especially to each other in brain regions that are associated with high-level interpretations and social cognition (e.g., in the default-mode network), whereas less-central individuals exhibited more idiosyncratic responses. Self-reported enjoyment of and interest in stimuli followed a similar pattern, but accounting for these data did not change our main results. These findings suggest that highly-central individuals process the world in exceptionally similar ways, whereas less-central individuals process the world in idiosyncratic ways.
Ecological Mechanistic Research and Modelling
Authors: Wilson Andrew D
Published: June 2021

There is a recent literature in philosophy that has developed a taxonomy of scientific explanations for phenomena, the kinds of models we use, and the research programmes that produce the explanations and models. Roughly, there are two basic research programmes. The first programme takes some capacity of a system and maps out how it works by breaking it down into various sub-capacities, each with their own distinct characteristics. The end goal is a functional model, a ‘how-possibly’ box-and-arrow type explanation of how a capacity such as memory is organised. The second programme instead focuses on analytically decomposing a proposed mechanism that produces a phenomena into real parts and processes. Empirical work focuses on establishing that the proposed parts are part of the actual mechanism being modelled, and localising where those parts live and how they contribute to implementing the phenomena. The end goal is a dynamical mechanistic model, a ‘how-actually’ explanation in which each model part explicitly represents the dynamics of a real part or process. Mechanistic models, when they are possible to develop, are considered to be the best form of scientific explanation of a phenomena. Ecological psychology has, so far, widely resisted becoming a mechanistic science. This is in part due to our objections to mechanistic, Cartesian ontologies, and more recently because it’s not clear we can meaningfully decompose the systems we study in order to develop such models. I will argue here that both of these concerns are unfounded, that ecological psychology is actually perfectly capable of developing mechanistic models, and that therefore we should do so, in order to gain the benefits.
Integration of gaze direction and facial expression in individuals with a high level of autistic traits
Authors: Marotta Andrea , Aranda-Martín Belén , De Cono Marco , Duperón María Ángeles Ballesteros , Casagrande Maria , Lupiáñez Juan
Published: June 2021

We investigated whether individuals with high levels of autistic traits integrate relevant communicative signals, such as facial expression, when decoding eye-gaze direction. Students with high vs. low scores on the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) performed a task in which they responded to the eyes’ direction of faces, presented on the left or the right side of the screen, portraying different emotional expressions. In both groups, the identification of gaze direction was faster when the eyes were directed towards the center of the scene. However, only in the low AQ group, this effect was larger for happy faces than for neutral faces or faces showing other emotional expressions. High AQ participants were not affected by emotional expressions. These results suggested that individuals with more autistic traits may do not integrate multiple communicative signals based on their emotional value.
Longitudinal Structural and Diffusion Weighted Neuroimaging of Young Children Born Preterm
Authors: Adrian Julia Anna , Sawyer Carolyn , Bakeman Roger , Haist Frank , Akshoomoff Natacha
Published: June 2021

Children born preterm are at risk for diffuse injury to subcortical gray and white matter. This study’s objective was to examine structural brain development of young children born preterm. Participants were 47 children born preterm (less than 33 weeks gestational age) and 28 children born full-term. None of the children born preterm had significant brain injury. Children received structural and diffusion weighted MRI scans at 5, 6, and 7 years of age. The effect of preterm birth on volume of subcortical gray matter, and volume, fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) of white matter tracts was examined via general linear models. Volumes of thalamus, brain stem, cerebellar white matter, and several cerebral fiber tracts were smaller, and ventricles were larger in children born preterm compared to full-term controls. We found no significant effect of preterm birth on diffusivity measures. Despite developmental changes and growth, group differences were present and similarly strong at all three ages. Even in the absence of significant neonatal brain injury, preterm birth has a persistent impact on early brain development. The lack of a significant birth status by age interaction suggests a delayed developmental trajectory.
Increased perceptions of autonomy through choice over one's observation schedule fail to enhance motor skill retention
Authors: St. Germain Laura , Williams Allison , Balbaa Noura , Poskus Andrew , Leshchyshen Olena , Lohse Keith , Carter Michael J
Published: June 2021

There has been growing research interest in the effects that motivation plays in motor learning, and specifically how autonomy, competence, and social relatedness may directly benefit the learning process. Here, we present a preregistered manipulation of autonomy-support by providing learners with choice during the practice of a speed cup-stacking task. One group was given control over when a video demonstration was provided and the viewing speed. A yoked control group received an identical demonstration schedule, but without choice (as their schedule was matched to a participant with choice). Critically, we addressed a gap in the literature by adding a yoked group who was explicitly told that they were being denied choice and that their schedule was chosen by another participant. We found no statistically significant learning differences between groups, despite finding evidence that providing choice increased perceived autonomy. Equivalence tests further showed that although the groups were not statistically equivalent, the effect size is likely too small to practically study the effects of autonomy-support through choice in most motor learning labs. These findings add to a growing body of research that questions a causal role of autonomy-support on motor learning, and the robustness of the so-called self-controlled learning advantage.
Unplanned in-game purchases and loot boxes associated with online gaming problems and mental health among adolescents
Authors: Irie Tomonari , Shinkawa Hiroki , Tanaka Masanori , Yokomitsu Kengo
Published: June 2021

Studies have found that adolescents’ in-game purchases are related to psychosocial problems. In-game purchases, including loot boxes, are relatively new systems; therefore, the associated problems have not been fully examined. This study considered whether adolescents plan for in-game purchases and examined the issues related to the purchasing style. We surveyed 1,052 Japanese high school students (591 females, 443 males, and 18 unknowns, aged 15–18) on their online game-playing status, in-game purchases, gaming problems, and depression symptoms. The results revealed that adolescents who made unplanned purchases users had a greater degree of problems than those who planned their purchases. Among the non-planners, loot box users had poorer mental health than non-users of loot boxes. These results suggest that to prevent psychosocial problems associated with problematic gaming among adolescents, it is important to pay attention to unplanned purchases and loot boxes.
Institutional reforms as a factor of transit of power in non-democratic regimes: case studies of China, Iran and post-Soviet nations
Authors: Tokarev Aleksei , Prikhodchenko Alexey , Margoev Adlan
Published: June 2021

How can institutional reforms ensure the transit of power in nondemocratic regimes? Having studied five cases in and around the Post-Soviet space, the authors offer three models of such transit: establishment of new institutions (Kazakhstan), parallel evolution of formal institutions and informal norms (China, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan), legalization of transit effected through informal norms (Iran). In the first model, the leader of the nation had his role perpetuated, received lifelong privileges and retained control over the security council with enhanced powers, some of the powers of the president being transferred to parliament. The second model observes the transit of power in three stages: the achievement of intra-elite consensus on new leadership, the occupation of key positions by the accepted individuals, and legitimation of the outcome through formal procedures. The third model is the result of an institutional reform that was not completed by the time of transit: the transfer of power looked legitimate to those who made an informal decision by imitating the formal procedure, but was illegal – legal provisions for such transit were adopted two months later. All the studied cases share three features: 1) the government conducts institutional reforms to ensure the transit of power, 2) elections are held, but instead of shaping new government they legitimize the agreements of the elites, 3) informal agreements are no less important than the institutional structure, the latter often being amended to match the former.
Institutional municipal reform in Russia: actors and their strategies (on the example of «small» local government reform)
Authors: Mukhametov Ruslan
Published: June 2021

One of the main democratic institutions in Russia is local selfgovernment (LSG). This institution is characterized by instability of legal regulation, which is reflected in regular changes and amendments to existing laws. The most significant transformation of the Institute of LSG was in 2003–2009, when the «big» municipal reform was carried out. In 2014, a «small» reform of the LSG was launched, which made it possible to introduce a two-level system of city administration. The new model of local government organization operates only in three cities – Chelyabinsk, Makhachkala and Samara. The purpose of the article is to understand the reasons for the transition of some cities to a new system of organization of local government. The conceptual foundations of the article are the structure-oriented approach of D. North, the «distributional» theory of institutional changes of G. Libecap, and the political and economic approach of D. Acemoglu and G. Robinson's. The research is based on the theory of reforms by J. Roland. The author concluded that limited political autonomy at the bodies and local self-government officials, the lack of mayors during the period of reforms Governor-cartridge a result of the change of the head of the region, the timing of the reform with the end of the term of powers of authorities and local selfgovernment officials, as well as the inclusion of regional authorities compensatory strategies for the urban ruling elite, are factors, which contributed to the implementation of institutional reform. It is shown that the obstacles that prevented the «small» reform of the local government act of political autonomy from consolidated municipal ruling elite, interested in preserving the status quo; the existence of an urban political machine; the lack of compensation of the urban ruling elite for losses which are due to the implementation of the reform; the discrepancy between the time of the reform by the end of the term of authorities and local self-government officials.