bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impacto de los incendios forestales en la regulación de las inundaciones y la depuración del agua
Authors: Francos Marcos , Bogunovic Igor , Pereira Paulo
Published: August 2023

Los incendios forestales son un fenómeno global con repercusiones positivas y negativas en los ecosistemas. Estos son un elemento natural de los ecosistemas que dio forma a diversos biomas. Sin embargo, durante algún tiempo, pueden perturbar los ecosistemas, reduciendo su capacidad para suministrar diversos servicios. El objetivo de este artículo es resumir los impactos de los incendios forestales en la regulación de las inundaciones y la depuración del agua y discutir el uso de algunas medidas de restauración para mitigar los impactos de los incendios forestales. Los incendios forestales, especialmente en el periodo inmediatamente posterior al evento, reducen la capacidad del ecosistema para regular las inundaciones y depurar el agua debido a la eliminación de vegetación y cenizas que pueden degradar la calidad de ese agua. La magnitud de los impactos depende esencialmente de la severidad del incendio forestal y de la intensidad de las precipitaciones posteriores al mismo. Deben aplicarse medidas de restauración, especialmente después de incendios forestales de gran severidad y si la recurrencia es elevada. En el contexto del cambio climático, se espera que el intervalo entre incendios sea más corto y que la severidad sea mayor. Por lo tanto, las medidas de restauración pueden ser más necesarias.
Faculty Connection as a Catalyst for Motivation and Persistence in Early Courses
Authors: Menefee Stephanie , Hughes Larry W.
Published: August 2023

As graduation rates decline and retention is a regular topic in higher education circles, educators are more interested in how to engage and motivate students. With the expansion of the classroom to a virtual space – the 2020 pivot of all institutions to online presence -- engagement and motivation are more challenging. In an online university, attrition rates in a large program are higher than the university average. Without a systematic process to intervene when attrition spikes, a small team proposed and tested a solution. The objective of the initiative was two-fold. It intended to decrease the attrition rate in the course and obtain quality feedback from coaching circle members to inform future student success initiatives. The coaching circle was comprised of eight faculty members who communicated with students immediately upon course acceptance, remained flexible on weekly deadlines, proactively connected students to resources, worked with students on potential academic integrity issues, and more. Each week the coaches met to discuss challenges and to share ideas.
Relational Discourse Connects Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Threats in Online Course Design
Authors: Dillard James , Crawford Caroline M.
Published: August 2023

Online learning environments are a vulnerable space, for learners as well as for course instructors. Online environments are frequently pre-designed spaces in which traditional and non-traditional learning experiences occur, removing the natural ability to pivot and shift the instructional process that is naturally occurring within traditional face to face learning environments. Recognizing this, the importance around course design towards learner engagement and underlying motivational supports become stronger imperatives. The authors come together as instructors, learners, and instructional designers, to discuss the experienced strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats towards motivational collegial engagement in online course design. An aligned Unalome reference supports the progressive journey of motivational collegial engagement, from beginnings of motivational engagement through the path that leads into collegial engagement and future potentials.
Entrepreneurship in Teaching
Authors: Joaquim Ana Filipa Vieira Lopes , Nunes Figueiredo Paula Cristina
Published: August 2023

In Portugal, the teaching-learning process in high school education, in some matters, is “measured” by an external national exam classification. Consequently, many teachers believe that the teaching-learning process can only be accomplished through the expositive method, where the teacher is the primary vehicle for transferring the contents in a structured and organized way. However, this methodology does not equip students with critical thinking or mechanisms for problem-solving and, consequently, demotivates students. In the case study, students in extracurricular entrepreneurialism competitions and their evaluation grades on formal curricula subjects improve. Students felt more motivated to learn and understood more about the world of work. This study will use a qualitative methodology supported by quantitative data to present the planning of tasks and procedures applied in this context.
Motivating Online Learners In The English Speaking Caribbean
Authors: Learmond Karen
Published: August 2023

This chapter begins by providing an overview of education in the English-speaking Caribbean with a clear focus on the many challenges educators and students alike face given the limited resources and the low socio-economic conditions of many of its citizens. Next the author explores the nature of the 21st century learner in the context of the Caribbean child, then the characteristics of online learning in the Caribbean is explored followed by a brief history of the development of online learning in the English-speaking Caribbean. The author then examines existing research on two motivational theories, the self-determination theory (SDT) and the attention, relevance, confidence, and satisfaction (ARCS) model and outlines how educators can continue to use the recommended strategies in traditional classrooms as well as online. Finally, the author concludes by making recommendations for motivating learners post pandemic.
A Study of Mediating Factors Influencing Student Motivation and Behaviour
Authors: Baranidharan S.
Published: August 2023

This study aims to examine the mediating factors of learning environment, technology, good behaviour, and effective communication, sports, media, problem-based case study, and psychological influence on student motivation and behaviour. The study employs secondary data based on peer-reviewed articles, conference papers, and books collected from a variety of sources such as Scopus, WoS, J-Store, EBSCO, ProQuest, etc. between 1982 and 2022. The 103 articles have been selected based on the keywords which related to study. The results evidenced that the mediating factors have a significant positive impact on student motivation and behaviour. This study contributes to the existing literature by providing a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between the mediating factors and student motivation and behaviour. The findings of this study have implications for educational institutions, policy makers, and educators in creating effective learning environments that can enhance student motivation and behaviour.
Family-Oriented Theories
Authors: Sacco-Bene Christine , Walsh Michael
Published: August 2023

Recent literature and reviews of the multicultural counseling competencies (MCC) and the multicultural and social justice counseling competencies (MCCSJ) address a noticeable disconnect between the knowledge, attitudes, and skills involved in these vital areas, and their practical application in the field. Drawing interventions from family-oriented theories, this chapter proposes some ways to address this discrepancy specifically focusing on the practical application of advocacy and social justice competencies with families that must be involved with social service systems. The chapter embraces the idea that creative strategies provide enhanced flexibility in application, thereby positioning human service professionals to meet the needs of more diverse families. By including examples using both a biological and a chosen family, this chapter explores creative ways family-oriented theories can be implemented to support advocacy and social justice efforts when working with traditionally marginalized and disadvantaged populations in their interactions with social service systems.
Young Adults' Civic Engagement in Community-Based Organizations
Authors: Grzybowski Amy
Published: August 2023

Young adults are less civically engaged than other age groups, and have less of an awareness of community-based organizations (CBOs) and their role in communities in the United States. CBOs fulfill an integral function, often acting as the social service arm of local communities. The issues that CBOs often address are systemic such as poverty, mental health, public health, and unemployment. The purpose of the assignment in a Ph.D. of education program was to design and implement a service-learning research project utilizing a civic engagement and critical pedagogy model in an undergraduate course on the roles and issues of CBOs. The goals of this project are to 1) help young adults be more aware of systemic issues in our society; 2) introduce them to the role of CBOs in addressing these systemic issues; and 3) increase their civic engagement.
Directed Field Experiences
Authors: Wiley Linda M. , Connell Matthew P. , Aye Regena M. , Gentry Wendy A. , Catterson Anna J. , Jolls Tessa , Childress Marcus D.
Published: August 2023

In 2018, Baker University (KS) launched its instructional design and performance technology (IDPT) doctoral program, designed for working adults. Students are grouped into cohorts and follow a prescribed coursework path, each course lasting approximately seven weeks. Integral to the program is the directed field experience (DFE), an opportunity for doctoral students to apply IDPT theory to practice, acquire and practice leadership skills, and provide service to client organizations. Baker's DFE and service-learning (SL) share similar philosophical principles. This chapter explores the history of Baker University, its roots in the Methodist Episcopalian faith, the IDPT doctoral program, and how DFEs provide students with SL opportunities and develop their scholarly identity. Through first-person narratives, doctoral students, client organization mentors, and university faculty reflect on their experiences, the importance of SL in the academic experience, and SL's long-lasting impact on organizations, communities, and student's lives.
Clinical Psychology Master Trainees' Perspectives on Community-Based SL Experiences
Authors: Erkol Ecem , Bademci H. Özden , Grassetti Stevie N.
Published: August 2023

Community-based service learning (SL) opportunities that ground experiences as a primary basis of learning can help psychology trainees work toward these competencies while providing them with a chance to answer the call to become “citizen psychologists” who use the advantage of their education to benefit the community. The aim of this study is to elucidate clinical psychology MA students' perceptions of the value of SL experienced offered by The Research and Application Center for Children Living and Working on the Streets (SOYAÇ), a center in Istanbul, Turkey that incorporates community-based studies into clinical psychology graduate education. Ten students completed in-depth interviews about their experiences. Interpretative phenomenological analysis of these interviews suggested that participants experienced significant improvements in their professional, personal, and interpersonal skills. In light of this information, the authors encourage policymakers, community organizations, and universities to consider mutually beneficial university-community collaborations.
Strategy for Developing Spice Tourism
Authors: Satghare Harshada Rajeev
Published: August 2023

Spices are always considered an integral component of the cultural heritage of the place. They provide historical, cultural, social, and geographical identities to the region. These identities are helpful in the development of tourism based on the special interest in experiences, consumption, and purchase of spices. The phenomenon can be formally named ‘spice tourism'. The emerging area of spice tourism needs to be well-researched as very limited research is observed, specifically in the Indian context. Thus, identifying its dimensions, industry stakeholders, and industry framework is the need of the hour. Thus, through the case study approach, the researcher tried to design and develop destinations of Maharashtra state based on the available strengths, opportunities, and needs of potential customers. The researcher aimed to identify, develop, and promote spice tourism destinations in the state. Further, challenges of climate, spice production, global competition, and community issues were discussed for appropriate planning.
Battlefield Tourism
Authors: Yücesoy Selçuk , Düşmezkalender Ebru , Özhasar Yunus
Published: August 2023

This chapter examines the historical development, examples, motivation, and attractions of battlefield tourism while also exploring its popularity and ethical controversies. By providing visitors with the opportunity to understand the devastating effects of war and the human suffering it causes, battlefield tourism serves as an important means for individuals to connect with the past and gain a deeper understanding of history. The chapter also offers recommendations for the future of battlefield tourism.
Design and Fabrication Techniques for Nonlinear Metamaterials and Metasurfaces for Wireless Communication
Authors: Mangaiyarkkarasi J. , Shanthalakshmi Revathy J.
Published: August 2023

The chapter explores the development and manufacturing of tailored nonlinear metamaterials and metasurfaces for wireless communication. It covers design and fabrication techniques, material selection and characterization, and design considerations. The chapter also examines simulation and modelling techniques, advanced fabrication methods, integration into wireless communication systems, and characterization and testing processes. It addresses reliability and scalability challenges, the role of nonlinear effects, and the significance of reliability testing and performance characterization. Economic, scalability, and sustainability considerations are discussed, along with case studies and future trends in design and fabrication techniques. The chapter strongly emphasizes the potential of nonlinear metamaterials for enhancing wireless communication and aids as a valuable source for experts in the field.
Metamaterial-Based Absorber
Authors: Mujawar Mehaboob , Pramono Subuh
Published: August 2023

In this chapter, the authors discuss metamaterial absorbers. The need for active absorbers and also different types of active absorbers have been listed in detail such as switchable absorber/reflector, switchable absorber, and tunable absorbers. The recent trends and the work investigated by researchers around the globe have also been mentioned in brief, which can set a benchmark for further research in the field of metamaterial absorbers. The proposed MTM structure is made up of four-square patches. The structure was designed on an FR4 substrate measuring 11 mm by 11 mm with a thickness of 1.60 mm. Other properties of the substrate include relative permittivity of 4.4 and loss tangent of 0.019. The structure has a full ground plane to minimize transmission. The structure's primary resonance for absorber mode configuration is at 8 GHz. The simulations of the proposed structure were carried out using CST.
Study of Novel Design of Multi-Band and Broad-Band Metamaterial Microwave Absorber
Authors: Agrawal Alkesh , Singh Bhagwant
Published: August 2023

The artificially engineered materials termed as metamaterials (MMs) possess unnatural electromagnetic (EM) properties with μ < 0 and ε < 0 due to their geometrical and structural uniqueness. This resulted in diversified study of MMs from the GHz to THz range with one of the potential application as microwave absorber. In this chapter, a case study has been taken up with a unique design of a MM microwave absorber that exhibits multi-band as well as broad-band absorptance within 5GHz - 40GHz. The proposed structure consists of a square ring and a “+” shaped patch at its centre and the scaled “+” shaped patches at four corners. The proposed MM absorber exhibited absorptance peaks of 99.74%, 98.58%, 90.00%, 90.04%, 84.74%, and 94.94% at 6.33 GHz, 14.08 GHz, 28.92 GHz, 32.48 GHz, 33.84 GHz, and 37.69 GHz, respectively, with a broad-band lying within frequency range of 32 GHz to 37 GHz. The MM behavior is studied in terms of normalized matched impedance, effective permeability, and surface current distribution with potential application in stealth technology.
Creating Authentic Spaces in Early Childhood Classrooms
Authors: Sabina Lou L. , Cenebaugh Allison
Published: August 2023

Early childhood education is perhaps the most critical school experience for children throughout their educational career. In this environment, children become accustomed to the policies and procedures of school, and also learn skills and techniques that have the potential to benefit them for the rest of their lives. Educational systems are becoming more routinized and less concerned with child development and more concerned with data-driven assessment and curriculum which has begun to seep its way into earlier and earlier grades with the intention to prepare children to be college and career ready. However, lost in this transition is the importance of creating authentic learning experiences, especially in the early childhood environment, which can set the tone for a child's education for their entire life. This chapter explores how authentic spaces can be created in early childhood classrooms, and offers examples of successful early childhood classroom environments, barriers, and recommendations for educators to better improve the educational environment for children.
The Utilization of Digital Educational Content in the Teaching of Sciences in Elementary School as Impactful Learning Experiences
Authors: Tzovla Eirini , Kedraka Katerina
Published: August 2023

This chapter deals with the importance of teaching science in elementary school, investigates the readiness and self-efficacy of teachers to teach it, approaches the importance of professional development of teachers and their participation in targeted professional development programs regarding the teaching of science, refers to the modern didactic approaches to teaching science in elementary school focusing on the utilization of digital educational content, explores the different role that this reserves for the teacher and the student, and highlights through specific research and examples the impactful learning experiences and the benefits that this offers in the learning process of the elementary school.
Planning Purposeful Parent Involvement
Authors: Walker Teresa
Published: August 2023

The mission of this chapter is to establish intentional purpose in the ways educators connect, communicate, and partner with families. Traditional school/home communication approaches present concerns as they tend to be haphazard, historically focused, and lack holistic composition. Reframing parent involvement to promote purposeful interactions at the child, classroom, and school levels begins with identifying the underlying purpose of each. The extent of school/home partnership and commitment to the involvement opportunities is dependent on the educator to develop a positive rapport and establish mutual respect between children's families and teachers. Relationship forming is more than a haphazard result of interaction. The purpose of a family-teacher partnership is to express commitment to a productive relationship toward common outcomes. Meaningful relationships, when tended properly, are responsive and reciprocal in nature. They are formed around commitment to a common good – concern for the child.
Applications of Self-Fulfilling Prophecies to School Education
Authors: Fei Wang , Abdullah Haslinda
Published: August 2023

This chapter explores the applications of self-fulfilling prophecies in school education. Self-fulfilling prophecies refer to the phenomenon where individuals' beliefs and expectations about themselves or others influence their behaviour and ultimately shape the outcomes they experience. Teachers' beliefs can significantly impact students' academic performance, motivation, and well-being. The chapter begins by defining and conceptualizing self-fulfilling prophecies, highlighting their significance in education. Theoretical backgrounds, including social cognitive theory and relevant scientific evidence, are discussed to understand the underlying mechanisms of self-fulfilling prophecies. The impact of self-fulfilling prophecies on education is explored, emphasizing the effects of teachers' expectations, labelling, stereotypes, and their influence on students' motivation and well-being. Practical implications include promoting teacher awareness and training, fostering a growth mindset, enhancing student self-efficacy, and creating equitable and inclusive learning environments.
The Scientific and Practical Explorations of Positive Psychology Interventions in School Education
Authors: Jie Zheng
Published: August 2023

This chapter introduces positive education as an innovative educational paradigm targeting students' traditional learning skills and well-being. By fostering crucial components of well-being, like the PERMA well-being model, positive education employs effective positive activities and practical exercises to directly promote student flourishing. Supported by strong empirical evidence, the effectiveness of positive education is underscored. The chapter also discusses the development of a unique positive education model, “6+2,” specifically tailored for China, which incorporates the positive-self module, the physical and mental health regulation system, and the character strength and virtue cultivation system into the PERMA framework. Furthermore, the chapter reviews existing literature on positive education and positive psychological interventions implemented within school contexts. This comprehensive examination contributes to the growing body of knowledge on the implementation and impact of positive education in educational settings.
Income Inequalities in Developing Countries
Authors: İnam Betül , Murat Dilek
Published: August 2023

The welfare of a country is related to how equitably its national income is distributed, rather than its wealth. The increase in income inequalities between individuals or social classes causes the deterioration of social peace and stability and a slowdown in economic development and growth. In this study, the effect of more than one socio-economic factor on income inequalities was examined in 35 developing countries. The 2019 data compiled for the selected countries were analyzed with the ARAS method. From the findings of the ARAS method, which was carried out using the aforementioned weighting method, it was determined that the countries with the best performance in terms of income justice were Chechia, Estonia, Slovakia, Thailand, and Hungary. The results of the analysis showed that Colombia, Brazil, Mexico, Bolivia, and Bangladesh were the countries with the highest income inequality. The ARAS findings used in the study are theoretically and expectedly satisfactory.
Impacts of Gender Inclusivity on the Banking Sector in Bahrain
Authors: AlSaffar Gardenia Jassim , Al-Aali Ebtihaj Ahmed , Masmoudi Meryem
Published: August 2023

International employment markets have been transformed due to various societal, organizational, and individuals changes these days. The last pandemic of Covid-19 has accentuated the negative impacts of changes leading to under-representation of certain groups in terms of their numbers and in relation to types of positions occupied. Women employment in organizations, as studies indicated, have been greatly influenced. Furthermore, women in leadership positions are still behind in comparison to men. Hence there are societal, organizational and individuals' calls to rectify the situations of women in leadership. Diversity, equity, and inclusion are strategic tools and methods to accomplish such rectification. This research attempts to investigate the issue of inclusivity as reflections of diversity and equity on women leadership styles in banking sector in Bahrain. The research employs qualitative methodology. In-depth interview is the research method to collect information.
Unconscious Bias Against Women at Work
Authors: Ayari Asma
Published: August 2023

Unconscious bias is a prevalent and persistent issue in the workplace, particularly concerning gender. Even though men and women are getting closer to having the same rights, unconscious bias still keeps women from getting ahead at work. It contributes to the pay gap between men and women, fewer chances for professional growth, and other kinds of discrimination based on gender. Organizations must look at these biases and do something about them to make the workplace fairer and more open to everyone. This chapter will overview unconscious bias and its effects on women in the workplace. First, the authors will discuss unconscious bias and how it works in the workplace. Next, they will examine how women's unconscious bias affects their career growth, pay, and chances of getting ahead. Then, the authors will talk about different tools, strategies, and organizations which can be used to assess and deal with unconscious bias, such as bias interrupters, unconscious bias training, and diversity and inclusion initiatives.
Inclusive Frameworks in Online STEM Teaching and Learning
Authors: Veuger Stephany Jane , Butler Diane , Wood Peter , Potter Andrew
Published: August 2023

In recent years, many higher education providers have looked to audit the inclusivity of their learning and teaching through the use of an inclusive curriculum ‘framework,' ‘charter,' or ‘toolkit.' The development and implementation of just such a ‘toolkit' is one of a suite of measures the Open University is using to address issues around the degree awarding gaps which have been identified as priority areas in our access and participation strategy (APS). The ICT's three principles are: 1) Is the material accessible to diverse groups of students; in terms of the language and images used)? 2) Will diverse groups of students see themselves reflected in the material? 3) Does the material equip students to participate in a global and diverse world? This chapter will share the learning from use of the ICT in STEM, its limitations as an auditing tool, the transformative effect on practice it has had on reviewers, and critical perspectives on the extent to which it enables or inhibits broader inclusivity approaches such as decolonisation.
Adopting Critical Culturally Responsive Online Pedagogy at Historically Black Colleges and Universities
Authors: Glenn Jones Patrice W. , Bakoyema Fagdeba
Published: August 2023

The history of oppression for Black students in the United States dictates a distinct and intentional approach to the design and facilitation of online courses. For the students enrolled at the nation's 100 historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs), such an approach is critical. This chapter introduces Critical Culturally Responsive Online Pedagogy (CCROP) to foster meaningful online learning experiences. To understand the relationships that exist among power, online learning as a modality, and positive learning and behavioral outcomes for learners that enroll at HBCUs, it is important to first understand relevant pedagogies: pedagogy of the oppressed, cultural responsiveness, pedagogy of love, and critical pedagogy. Of equal importance is the state online education in general and online education at HBCUs. CCROP includes ten tenets. Special considerations for online HBCU faculty and HBCU leaders are also included.
Australian Educator's Reflections and Use of ICT and Technology
Authors: Merrick Bradley , Joseph Dawn
Published: August 2023

Covid-19 impacted all aspects of life and education across the globe. This case study forms part of an ongoing project. The authors are academics working in music education across two universities in Melbourne, Australia. Using blended synchronous learning environments (BSLE) and the universal design for learning framework, this chapter examines ways that teachers used representation, action and expression, and engagement while teaching online. Survey data collected across phase one (March-April 2021, N=105) and phase two (December 2022-February 2023, N=104), were thematically analysed. Two emerging themes (modifying learning environments and developing innovative assessments) are discussed. As recommendations are made, longitudinal research is imperative to further understand how teachers and students continue to interact with learning environments. Continued understanding of the pandemic and the use of technology in teaching and assessment is essential to ensure we best prepare teachers and students as the educational landscape remains uncertain.
Understanding Adult Learners' Needs and Integrating Technology for Effective Online Education
Authors: Love Ashley S. , Labay-Marquez Joan , Valadez Ruben
Published: August 2023

This chapter explores theories relevant to various online environments and seeks new ways to teach and learn in a digital age for adult learners. Adopting existing pedagogy and creating learning spaces that are relatable and comfortable for adult online learners are essential. Andragogy principles highlight the need to effectively use learning management systems, artificial intelligence (AI), and other technologies to develop a personalized and accessible experience that works optimally for adult students and faculty. Educators are encouraged to expand their mindsets regarding new technologies and learning methods such as ChatGPT application (the latest AI), and the benefits of creating personalized curriculums based on real-time data collected from students' performances through learning management systems. As online education continues to grow across all disciplines and fields, the need for personalized education is evident, and best practices must be reviewed along with ethics.
Researching Virtually
Authors: Salayo Juland Dayo
Published: August 2023

This authentic classroom narrative is a product of a drastic paradigm in classroom teaching, specifically in the conduct of research, which demands sustaining academic writing technicalities. However, integrating critical pedagogy seamlessly works with virtual researching as learners maintain active engagement through penetrating the social realities present in the walls of their virtual world. Understanding their society shapes and affects their learning experiences and becomes more meaningful and radical through problem-posing, conscientization, and dialogic engagement. The student-centered, informal, and action-driven approach allowed the learners to freely produce new knowledge following the methodologically influenced approaches of virtual researching. Authentic knowledge solves those identified problems through plans, and proposals to invite critical and sustainable actions. This shared narrative invites the ideas of critical and sustainable writing pedagogy necessary to activate learners' interest in the virtual world as they participate in positive social change.
Exploring Online Education and Students With Disabilities in Higher Education
Authors: Devi Aruna
Published: August 2023

The chapter examines online self-efficacy among students with disabilities, their preferences for studying online, and their challenges, as well as accessible online courses (universal design for learning). Online learning environments require self-efficacy, which varies according to disability type. Online formats must provide enhanced flexibility and accessibility. Instructors may overlook accessibility issues due to a lack of training. Loneliness has also been associated with negative online learning experiences. UDL ensures equitable access to learning materials. This review can inform policy and practice to ensure online learning is accessible to students with disabilities. Finally, for online learning to succeed, it is equally essential to obtain feedback from students with disabilities. Hence, more research is needed to expand and explore the impact of online learning environments on students with disabilities in higher education. The research should also focus on the types of accommodations and disability services most required for online learning.
A Minireview of the Challenges and Opportunities of Virtual Learning Post-COVID-19 Era in Developing Countries
Authors: Nyika Joan , Dinka Megersa Olumana
Published: August 2023

The rapid spread of COVID-19 globally transformed the educational sector from the conventional face-to-face teaching to virtual learning to control the transmission of the virus. This study explored on the transition to online learning, the opportunities and challenges post-COVID-19 with specific focus on developing countries. It was found that virtual learning was delivered using a variety of apps in synchronous and asynchronous modes. Irrespective of the model, teachers and students enjoyed time and location flexibility, convenience and comfort while providing and accessing the learning materials. However, limited technical skills to ran online classes, technical issues such as instabilities in internet connection, software limitations and demotivation due to unattendance by learners were raised by teachers. Moving forward post-COVID-19, this study provided recommendations to enhance virtual learning since it is a necessity rather than a choice.
Construction of Occupational Competence Model for Higher Vocational Teachers
Authors: Fu Jieqiong , Lai P. C.
Published: August 2023

The occupational competence of higher vocational teachers is an important part of higher vocational education. However, higher vocational education is different from technical school education, which only attaches importance to the cultivation of skills. It is also different from university education, which focuses on scientific research and development. It has the characteristics of both, that is, technology and scientific research are equal, so there are new requirements and challenges for vocational teachers' occupational competence. Previous scholars' research on vocational teachers' occupational competence varies from person to person, but each has its own emphasis. Therefore, on the basis of previous studies, this chapter explores the characteristics of vocational teachers' occupational competence development, analyzes and concludes and builds vocational teachers' occupational competence model.
Impact of Machine Learning in Legal Education and the Legal Profession
Authors: Sia Chin Chin
Published: August 2023

Machine learning applications are becoming increasingly prominent to law students and lawyers. As these applications gain momentum, it is crucial that their use maintains space for creativity in interpretation of the law, instead of only repeating precedent. Within the legal profession, clients' demand might be one of the key factors which drives the uptake of machine learning. For others, human interaction may remain central to what the legal profession can offer. This chapter aims to: (1) analyse the current impact of machine learning in legal education and legal profession; (2) determine the current trend of machine learning in legal education and legal profession; and (3) propose the way forward for ensuring positive impact of machine learning to the legal education and legal profession. Legal practitioners and educators must be open to the impacts of machine learning to appropriately develop the best legal practice and education model to better serve society.
Evaluating the Policy-Making Framework Around Climate-Induced migration
Authors: Bag Akash , Mishra Prateek , Nande Shashank , Rai Vishal Kumar
Published: August 2023

Climate change significantly affects climate-induced migration, particularly on low-lying atoll islands in the Pacific. This impact is particularly relevant for Kiribati, a country highly affected by climate change and expected to experience climate-induced migration. A study conducted a comparative analysis of the problem representations of climate-induced migration in Kiribati and New Zealand's national policies. The study, grounded in post-structuralism and post-colonialism, examined how the issue is portrayed in policy and how migrants are constructed as subjects. The analytical framework used was ‘What's the problem represented to be?' (WPR). The findings revealed that climate-induced migration is depicted as both a challenge and an adaptation strategy. Transnational climate-induced migration is portrayed as a strategy for increased resilience, while internal migration is seen as challenging.
Antecedents and Consequences of Workplace Bullying in Primary Education
Authors: Bari Muhammad Waseem , Baig Faiza , Shahzadi Irum
Published: August 2023

Primary education is the earliest level of formal education that serves as a center for developing young brains and providing the fundamentals of education. Workplace bullying is a ubiquitous issue that affects workers all over the world, including in the education sector. Educators, staff, and students may experience the negative effects of workplace bullying. Physical aggression, verbal abuse, and social isolation are just a few examples. Bullying can occur in a variety of contexts, including face-to-face interactions, online communication, and indirect forms such as gossip and rumor spreading, and it can make it harder for educationalists to provide a supportive learning environment for their students. It can have a negative impact on educators' well-being and job satisfaction and promotes stress, anxiety, burnout, or other deviant behaviors, which eventually impede students' education. Therefore, an exploratory study is vital that investigates the antecedents and consequences of workplace bullying in primary education.
Values Education in Primary Schools in Germany
Authors: İzgi Ferah
Published: August 2023

Values education is carried out in many countries with different names and systems. Although differences are observed according to the social, political, religious, and economic structure of each country, value education aims to provide an ideal structure for the individual and society by transferring cultural, moral, national, and universal values to individuals. In this study, values education in Germany, one of the important countries of Europe, was examined, and the situation of values education applied in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia was revealed as well as general values education in Germany. In Germany, values education is mainly given in Ethics and Religion courses. The data in the research were obtained by using the literature review technique, one of the qualitative research methods. As a result of the research, it has been understood that the values education in the Values and Norms course in primary schools in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia is not given at a sufficient level, and this course is only a specific course.
Using Reflection With Young Learners
Authors: Yaman Saziye , Andic Berke
Published: August 2023

This chapter looks at value-based education and its implications on reflections in English language teaching of primary and secondary school children. The chapter considers the classification, methods, theoretical framework, advantages, and disadvantages of value education and using reflections. Constructivist learning and reflection theories were used to explain links and effects of reflective experiences and integrating value-based education principles in young learner education. It further examined values students were expected to develop and exhibit, and implications on English language teaching. Published books, articles, research findings, institutional reports, and personal observation when teaching and training ELT students were the main sources of information. Value-based education and reflective practices are emphasized to ensure effective English language teaching in Turkish schools. Thus, it is recommended that educators be exposed to value-based education and teach values and reflective tools when teaching contextual language.
Tawakkul as an Islamic Morality Concept
Authors: Alan Sümeyra , Isi Hasan
Published: August 2023

The concept of value, which is included in sciences such as philosophy, sociology, and psychology, is a term that questions what and what is important for individuals or groups and includes concepts such as independence, trust, wisdom, success, kindness, etc. Tawakkul means that an individual leaves the course and outcome of a job to Allah after showing his determination and determination. In this respect, the present study consists of evaluations on Turkish words such as köŋül ba-, köŋül ur-, etc., which are expanded from the concept of köŋül 'gönül' used for the first time in Turkish Qur'an translations and other Islamic texts for the concept of 'tawakkül'. In the study, firstly, the concept of 'tawakkul' as an Islamic value is mentioned and then linguistic analyses are made on the expressions derived from the word köŋül 'gönül', which is one of the important concepts in term derivation in both pre-Islamic and Islamic period Turkish religious vocabulary.
Introducing English as a Second Language to the Algerian Primary Schools
Authors: Soudani Leila , Chafaa Meriem , Selmani Moulkheir
Published: August 2023

The Algerian educational system of today is different from that of years ago; more approaches are included, more teaching techniques are combined, and the emphasis on language learning has grown. Primary, middle, and high schools offer classes in Arabic, French, and Tamazight. It would be vital to incorporate English into primary schools in light of the government's plan to designate it as a second language in addition to French. This produces a generation that can advance in linguistic proficiency. Of course, switching from French to English, a language that has been used as a second language for hundreds of years, is difficult. The most important weapon for change is education. Such a change obviously meets numerous hurdles and difficulties; for instance, there needs to be an adequate number of teachers and instructors who can spread the language at all levels. This chapter focuses on the methods, requirements, and challenges of introducing English to the Algerian primary school and the potential obstacles that policymakers and educators may face when teaching English.
In Search of a Better Future in the Post-Pandemic Era
Authors: Roy Debasish
Published: August 2023

The completely unexpected advent of the COVID-19 pandemic not only savagely exposed the fragility of existing socio-economic systems of mankind but also helped us to envisage the utter failures and mismanagement of different government functionaries irrespective of their demographical locations, barring the Nordic countries in general. The other extremely important facts that emerged from the crisis were further widening of the pre-existing inequal distribution of income between the rich and the poor and a rapid accumulation of wealth among a selective group of oligarchs across the globe. This chapter is aimed at formulation of socio-economic sustainability value (SESV) – a coefficient (parameter) ranging from 0 to 1 (where 0 refers to the ‘lowest' and 1 refers to the ‘highest' socio-economic sustainability level) to project a country's socio-economic sustainability. The research findings indicated that social and healthcare expenditures and guaranteed minimum income benefits play key roles in successfully combating the adverse effects of global turmoil.
SME Challenges in the Pandemic and Post-Pandemic Worlds and SDGs in South-Eastern Europe and the Black Sea in Light of the Pandemic
Authors: Susai Masayuki , Nakov Leonid , Okada Hiromasa , Janeska-Iliev Aleksandra , Takai Keigo , Brzovska Ezeni
Published: August 2023

Contemporary changes that have been created in accordance with the changes in customer expectations, as well as with the profound influence of the COVID-19 pandemic external circumstances, have placed the prevalent interest of managers and decision makers at SMEs far more at developing rather than reacting to CTQ business features, particularly those that add substantial value to processes and behavior. It is evident that the model of corporate sustainability management, developed by Starik and Kanashiro, for sustaining the competitive position of corporations, would have a substantial influence at building up and further sustaining the competitive position of the fastest growing segment of SMEs, particularly those with highest rate of growth.
An Organizational Structural Framework for Reliability, Safety, and Deployment of Organizational Resources
Authors: Vargas-Hernández José G.
Published: August 2023

This chapter analyzes an organizational structural construct based on a framework for elements for reliability, safety, and deployment of organizational resources. It is assumed that theoretical and empirical studies in organizational resilience have limited contributions on the concepts of high-reliability organization applied to a diversity of entities and with a variety of characteristics. The method employed is the analytical reflective of the theoretical and empirical literature review. This study concludes that the emerging concept of organizational resilience confirms that the creation and development of an organizational resilience framework for structural construct can be supported by elements based on flexibility of organizational culture, organizational safety and reliability, the promotion elements, and the deployment of organizational resources.
“Sustainability” in Russia's Development Agenda
Authors: Mezinova Inga A. , Bodiagin Oleg V. , Balanova Milena M.
Published: August 2023

Over the past few decades, the problems of climate change and the need to find a new paradigm for further industrial development have become the forefront of the global agenda of sustainable and balanced development. However, while the concepts of “sustainable development,” “energy-efficient” economy, and “green” economic growth for the majority of leading global countries have already surpassed the stage of debates and became the real transformational force, Russia is still treating the energy shift as a dim prospect. Some changes started to happen only in 2021, when the major importers of Russian goods adopted initiatives, threatening the competitiveness of Russian export. Within this chapter, the authors set the goal to investigate the history of Russia's commitment to the global climate-related initiatives and showcase whether the national legislative system is supporting these efforts. The authors also highlight the major drivers for energy shift in the Russian economy and rethink national model of energy transition mechanisms for the near future, considering its foreign trade risks.
COVID-19 Threatening the SDGs
Authors: Kalaycı İrfan
Published: August 2023

The ongoing global COVID-19 pandemic is not only dragging the world's economies into recession, but also negatively affecting the UN's sustainable development goals (SDG), which require global cooperation of contemporary states. There are 17 SDGs covering human-nature-society-states relations and government interventions. Each has its own separate goals and means. The common feature of all of them is to provide access to welfare for the people living in the world. The pandemic raises awareness of how vital the SDGs are for the future of humanity and creates opportunities. The subject and purpose of this study is two-part: on the one hand, to reveal the SDGs under the threat of the pandemic and the development of the SDGs before and after the pandemic and the responses to the SDGs by the COVID-19 measures and, on the other hand to examine the short-term political economy scenarios developed about the pandemic that led to the economic crisis.