bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structural variation underlies functional diversity at methyl salicylate loci in tomato
Authors: Sapkota Manoj , Pereira Lara , Wang Yanbing , Zhang Lei , Topcu Yasin , Tieman Denise , van der Knaap Esther
Published: May 2023

Methyl salicylate is an important inter- and intra-plant signaling molecule, but is deemed undesirable by humans when it accumulates to high levels in ripe fruits. Balancing the tradeoff between consumer satisfaction and overall plant health is challenging as the mechanisms regulating volatile levels have not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the accumulation of methyl salicylate in ripe fruits of tomatoes that belong to the red-fruited clade. We determine the genetic diversity and the interaction of four known loci controlling methyl salicylate levels in ripe fruits. In addition to Non-Smoky Glucosyl Transferase 1 (NSGT1), we uncovered extensive genome structural variation (SV) at the Methylesterase (MES) locus. This locus contains four tandemly duplicated Methylesterase genes and genome sequence investigations at the locus identified nine distinct haplotypes. Based on gene expression and results from biparental crosses, functional and non-functional haplotypes for MES were identified. The combination of the non-functional MES haplotype 2 and the non-functional NSGT1 haplotype IV or V in a GWAS panel showed high methyl salicylate levels in ripe fruits, particularly in accessions from Ecuador, demonstrating a strong interaction between these two loci and suggesting an ecological advantage. The genetic variation at the other two known loci, Salicylic Acid Methyl Transferase 1 (SAMT1) and tomato UDP Glycosyl Transferase 5 (SlUGT5), did not explain volatile variation in the red-fruited tomato germplasm, suggesting a minor role in methyl salicylate production in red-fruited tomato. Lastly, we found that most heirloom and modern tomato accessions carried a functional MES and a non-functional NSGT1 haplotype, ensuring acceptable levels of methyl salicylate in fruits. Yet, future selection of the functional NSGT1 allele could potentially improve flavor in the modern germplasm.
Sporothrix globosa melanin regulates autophagy via the TLR2 signaling pathway in THP-1 macrophages
Authors: Guan Mengqi , Yao Lei , Zhen Yu , Song Yang , Liu Xiaobo , Liu Yuanyuan , Chen Ruili , Cui Yan , Li Shanshan
Published: May 2023

Melanin, an important virulence factor of pathogenic fungi, has been shown to suppress host immune responses in multiple ways. Autophagy is a vital cellular mechanism underlying the host’s innate immunity against microbial infections. However, the potential influence of melanin on autophagy has not been explored. We investigated the effect of melanin on autophagy in macrophages, which play a key role in controlling Sporothrix spp. infection, as well as the mechanism of melanin interaction with Toll-like receptor (TLR)-induced pathways. Sporothrix globosa conidia (wild-type and melanin-deficient mutant strains) or yeast cells were co-cultured with THP-1 macrophages to demonstrate that, although S. globosa infection led to the activation of autophagy-related proteins and increased autophagic flux, S. globosa melanin suppressed macrophage autophagy. Incubation with S. globosa conidia also increased the expression levels of reactive oxygen species and multiple proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β and interferon-γ) in macrophages. These effects were attenuated as melanin presented. Furthermore, while S. globosa conidia significantly increased the expression of both TLR2 and TLR4 in macrophages, the knockdown of TLR2, but not TLR4, with small interfering RNA suppressed autophagy. Overall, this study revealed the novel immune defense ability of S. globosa melanin to inhibit macrophage functionality by resisting macrophage autophagy through the regulation of TLR2 expression.
Biochemical and histopathological evaluation of ChAdOx1-S and BBIBP-CorV vaccination in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats
Authors: Teymoorzadeh Mahsa , Daneshfar Negar , Yazdanparast Razieh
Published: May 2023

Infection with Covid-19 has been associated with some medical complications namely diabetes, thrombosis, and hepatic and renal dysfunction among others. This situation has created some concern about the use of relevant vaccines which might cause similar complications. In that regard, we planned to evaluate the impact of two of the relevant vaccines namely ChAdOx1-S and BBIBP-CorV on some of the blood biochemical factors and also on liver and kidneys functions following the immunization of healthy and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Evaluation of the level of neutralizing antibody among the rats indicated that immunization with ChAdOx1-S induced a higher level of neutralizing antibody among both the healthy and diabetic rats compared to the BBIBP-CorV vaccine. Furthermore, the neutralizing antibody levels against both types of vaccines were significantly lower in diabetic rats than in healthy ones. On the other hand, no alterations were observed in the rats’ sera biochemical factors, coagulation values and histopathological images of the liver and kidneys. Altogether these data besides of confirming the effectiveness of both vaccines, indicate that both vaccines have no hazardous side effects on rats and probably humans though clinical investigations are required to validate our present data.
Ocimum tenuiflorum extract (HOLIXERTM): Possible effects on hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis in modulating stress
Authors: C. M. Mohan Gowda , Murugan Sasi Kumar , Bethapudi Bharathi , Purusothaman Divya , Mundkinajeddu Deepak , D’Souza Prashanth
Published: May 2023

Ocimum tenuiflorum is a sacred medicinal plant bestowed with multiple health benefits. This plant is traditionally considered an adaptogen. Many scientific studies have indicated the anti-stress potential of Ocimum tenuiflorum but with higher doses. The present study investigated the effects of HolixerTM (a clinically studied standardized Ocimum tenuiflorum extract) on modulating stress using two in vivo models, namely the swim endurance study in mice and forced swim test in rats. In addition, we explored the mechanism of action of HolixerTM on the HPA axis using two in vitro cell-based assays to check for its inhibitory effect on cortisol release and CRF1 receptor antagonistic activity. Ocimum tenuiflorum extract enhanced the swimming time in mice, reduced the stress-induced increase in immobility time, and prevented the increase in corticosterone in rats subjected to the forced swim test. Further, Ocimum tenuiflorum extract inhibited cortisol release and exhibited a significant CRF1 receptor antagonist activity. Thus, Ocimum tenuiflorum extract was found effective in managing stress, and the effect could be due to the inhibition of cortisol release and the antagonistic effect on the CRF1 receptors.
Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in pregnancy: National trends of treatment, predictors, and outcomes
Authors: Khatibi Kasra , Saber Hamidreza , Patel Smit , Mejia Lucido Luciano Ponce , Kaneko Naoki , Szeder Viktor , Nour May , Jahan Reza , Tateshima Satoshi , Colby Geoffrey , Duckwiler Gary , Afshar Yalda
Published: May 2023

Introduction

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a rare event associated with significant pregnancy-associated maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. The optimal treatment strategy and clinical outcome of aSAH in pregnancy remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the treatment utilizations and outcomes of aSAH in pregnant people.

Methods

Using the 2010–2018 National Inpatient Sample, we identified all birth hospitalizations of women between ages of 18 to 45 associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage and aneurysm treatment were included. Multivariate analyses were used to evaluate the effect of pregnancy state, mode of treatment of aneurysms, severity of subarachnoid hemorrhage on mortality and discharge destination of this cohort. Trends in mode of treatment utilized for aneurysmal treatment in this time interval was evaluated.

Results

13,351 aSAH with treatment were identified, of which 440 were associated with pregnancy. There was no significant difference in mortality or rate of discharge to home in pregnancy related hospitalization. Worse aSAH severity, chronic hypertension, and smaller hospital size was associated with significantly higher rate of mortality from aSAH during pregnancy. Worse aSAH severity was associated with lower rate of discharge to home. Like the non-pregnant cohort, the treatment of ruptured aneurysms in pregnancy are increasingly through endovascular approaches. The mode of treatment does not change the mortality or discharge destination.

Conclusions

Pregnancy does not alter mortality or the discharge destination for aSAH. Ruptured aneurysms during pregnancy are increasingly treated endovascularly. Mode of aneurysm treatment does not affect mortality or discharge destination in pregnancy.
Perinatal mortality rate and adverse perinatal outcomes presumably attributable to placental dysfunction in (near) term gestation: A nationwide 5-year cohort study
Authors: Damhuis Stefanie Elisabeth , Kamphof Hester Dorien , Ravelli Anita C. J. , Gordijn Sanne Jehanne , Ganzevoort Wessel J.
Published: May 2023

Introduction

Placental dysfunction can lead to perinatal hypoxic events including stillbirth. Unless there is overt severe fetal growth restriction, placental dysfunction is frequently not identified in (near) term pregnancy, particularly because fetal size is not necessarily small. This study aimed to evaluate, among (near) term births, the burden of hypoxia-related adverse perinatal outcomes reflected in an association with birth weight centiles as a proxy for placental function.

Material and method

A nationwide 5-year cohort of the Dutch national birth registry (PeriNed) including 684,938 singleton pregnancies between 36+0and 41+6weeks of gestation. Diabetes, congenital anomalies, chromosomal abnormalities and non-cephalic presentations at delivery were excluded. The main outcome was antenatal mortality rate according to birthweight centiles and gestational age. Secondary outcomes included perinatal hypoxia-related outcomes, including perinatal death and neonatal morbidity, analyzed according to birthweight centiles.

Results

Between 2015 and 2019, 1,074 perinatal deaths (0.16%) occurred in the study population (n = 684,938), of which 727 (0.10%) antenatally. Of all antenatal- and perinatal deaths, 29.4% and 27.9% occurred in birthweights below the 10thcentile. The incidence of perinatal hypoxia-related outcomes was highest in fetuses with lowest birthweight centiles (18.0%), falling gradually up to the 50thand 90thcentile where the lowest rates of hypoxia-related outcomes (5.4%) were observed.

Conclusion

Perinatal hypoxia-related events have the highest incidence in the lowest birthweight centiles but are identifiable throughout the entire spectrum. In fact, the majority of the adverse outcome burden in absolute numbers occurs in the group with a birthweight above the 10thcentile. We hypothesize that in most cases these events are attributable to reduced placental function. Additional diagnostic modalities that indicate placental dysfunction at (near) term gestation throughout all birth weight centiles are eagerly wanted.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental and physical health and overall wellbeing of university students in Portugal
Authors: Machado Barbara Cesar , Pinto Elisabete , Silva Margarida , Veiga Elisa , Sá Cristina , Kuhz Sahra , Silva Patrícia Oliveira , Pimenta Ana , Gomes Ana , Almeida Armando , Sá Luis , Correia Marta
Published: May 2023

Throughout the pandemic of COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2, university students were considered a vulnerable risk group for mental health impairment and wellbeing deterioration. This study aimed at evaluating the pandemic’s impact on the physical and mental health and wellbeing among students of a Portuguese university. This cross-sectional study included 913 participants and ran from June to October 2020. Data collected included sociodemographics, three mental health self-report questionnaires (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire and Brief COPE) and lifestyle practices (eating and sleeping patterns, media, and entertainment habits) during the first months of the pandemic, which included a 72-day full national lockdown. Descriptive and correlational statistical analysis were conducted. Students’ food habits changed during the pandemic, namely on the consumption of snacks and fast food and, overall, less balanced meals became more prevalent. Additionally, almost 70% of the students reported Body Mass Index changes, while 59% went through sleep pattern changes–these were more pronounced in women and younger students. Over half (67%) of the inquirees exhibited an increase in their stress, depression, and generalized anxiety symptoms. Also, the study demonstrates that students’ lifestyles trended negatively during the pandemic and highlights how important regular psychological, health monitoring and emotional support is, amongst this somehow overlooked population throughout the pandemic. Universities should provide support to overcome challenges in future stressful situations. This study might have an impact on how universities and higher education systems approach their students in terms of mental and physical health monitoring and promotion in future situations, non-related with COVID. Moreover, it has a large sample of students well characterized in terms of mental and physical health, which might be of interest for future comparison with other worldwide group of students throughout stressful situations, such as tragic events, wars, pandemics.
Multiclass classification of environmental chemical stimuli from unbalanced plant electrophysiological data
Authors: Bhadra Nivedita , Chatterjee Shre Kumar , Das Saptarshi
Published: May 2023

Plant electrophysiological response contains useful signature of its environment and health which can be utilized using suitable statistical analysis for developing an inverse model to classify the stimulus applied to the plant. In this paper, we have presented a statistical analysis pipeline to tackle a multiclass environmental stimuli classification problem with unbalanced plant electrophysiological data. The objective here is to classify three different environmental chemical stimuli, using fifteen statistical features, extracted from the plant electrical signals and compare the performance of eight different classification algorithms. A comparison using reduced dimensional projection of the high dimensional features via principal component analysis (PCA) has also been presented. Since the experimental data is highly unbalanced due to varying length of the experiments, we employ a random under-sampling approach for the two majority classes to create an ensemble of confusion matrices to compare the classification performances. Along with this, three other multi-classification performance metrics commonly used for unbalanced data viz. balanced accuracy, F1-score and Matthews correlation coefficient have also been analyzed. From the stacked confusion matrices and the derived performance metrics, we choose the best feature-classifier setting in terms of the classification performances carried out in the original high dimensional vs. the reduced feature space, for this highly unbalanced multiclass problem of plant signal classification due to different chemical stress. Difference in the classification performances in the high vs. reduced dimensions are also quantified using the multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) hypothesis testing. Our findings have potential real-world applications in precision agriculture for exploring multiclass classification problems with highly unbalanced datasets, employing a combination of existing machine learning algorithms. This work also advances existing studies on environmental pollution level monitoring using plant electrophysiological data.
Advances in the treatment of invasive fungal disease
Authors: Zhang Zhuan , Bills Gerald F. , An Zhiqiang
Published: May 2023

With over 300 million severe cases and 1.5 million deaths annually, invasive fungal diseases (IFDs) are a major medical burden and source of global morbidity and mortality. The World Health Organization (WHO) recently released the first-ever fungal priority pathogens list including 19 fungal pathogens, considering the perceived public health importance. Most of the pathogenic fungi are opportunistic and cause diseases in patients under immunocompromised conditions such as HIV infection, cancer, chemotherapy, transplantation, and immune suppressive drug therapy. Worryingly, the morbidity and mortality caused by IFDs are continuously on the rise due to the limited available antifungal therapies, the emergence of drug resistance, and the increase of population that is vulnerable to IFDs. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic worsened IFDs as a globe health threat as it predisposes the patients to secondary life-threatening fungi. In this mini-review, we provide a perspective on the advances and strategies for combating IFDs with antifungal therapies.
The multifaceted interactions between pathogens and host ESCRT machinery
Authors: Rivera-Cuevas Yolanda , Carruthers Vern B.
Published: May 2023

The Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport (ESCRT) machinery consists of multiple protein complexes that coordinate vesicle budding away from the host cytosol. ESCRTs function in many fundamental cellular processes including the biogenesis of multivesicular bodies and exosomes, membrane repair and restoration, and cell abscission during cytokinesis. Work over the past 2 decades has shown that a diverse cohort of viruses critically rely upon host ESCRT machinery for virus replication and envelopment. More recent studies reported that intracellular bacteria and the intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii benefit from, antagonize, or exploit host ESCRT machinery to preserve their intracellular niche, gain resources, or egress from infected cells. Here, we review how intracellular pathogens interact with the ESCRT machinery of their hosts, highlighting the variety of strategies they use to bind ESCRT complexes using short linear amino acid motifs like those used by ESCRTs to sequentially assemble on target membranes. Future work exposing new mechanisms of this molecular mimicry will yield novel insight of how pathogens exploit host ESCRT machinery and how ESCRTs facilitate key cellular processes.
Tree of Pearls: The Extraordinary Architectural Patronage of the 13th-Century Egyptian Slave-Queen Shajar Al-Durr, D. Fairchild Ruggles (2020)
Authors: Mulder Stephennie
Published: May 2023

Review of: Tree of Pearls: The Extraordinary Architectural Patronage of the 13th-Century Egyptian Slave-Queen Shajar Al-Durr, D. Fairchild Ruggles (2020)

Oxford: Oxford University Press, 188 pp., 54 b&w and 50 colour illus.,

ISBN: 9780190873202, $35 (cloth)
Mobility and Forced Displacement in the Middle East, Ed. Zahra Babar (2020)
Authors: Hammond Timur
Published: May 2023

Review of: Mobility and Forced Displacement in the Middle East, Ed. Zahra Babar (2020)

London: C. Hurst & Company, 320 pp., 8 b&w illus.,

ISBN: 9781787383203, £25.00 (paperback)
La dimensión alimentaria de la emergencia de al-Andalus (siglos VIII-X): perspectivas históricas y zooarqueológicas sobre el proceso de islamización social
Authors: García García Marcos
Published: May 2023

La alimentación representa un ámbito de la experiencia humana que históricamente ha desempeñado un papel trascendental en la conformación, el mantenimiento y la transformación de las fronteras culturales entre diversos grupos. Esta dimensión de la esfera alimentaria nos faculta para estudiar, a través del análisis arqueológico de sus restos materiales, el cambio social y cultural resultado de la interacción entre diferentes comunidades, dinámica que en sus rasgos más generales puede definir el periodo de emergencia de la entidad histórica que conocemos como al-Andalus. En este trabajo se presentan los fundamentos teóricos y metodológicos de una línea de investigación histórica que aspira a contribuir al estudio del temprano al-Andalus, atendiendo para ello a las implicaciones que el proceso de islamización social –un fenómeno central en su conformación– pudo traer aparejado sobre un campo de la acción humana tan profundamente social y cultural como es la alimentación. En concreto, la atención se centrará sobre algunas de las posibles repercusiones y manifestaciones materiales que el abandono de la cría y el consumo de porcino pudo comportar sobre dos planos diferentes: el de la economía doméstica de las poblaciones autóctonas y el de la identidad religiosa de esas mismas comunidades inferida a partir del examen de sus prácticas socioalimentarias. A fin de ilustrar el potencial analítico de este planteamiento de estudio, se presentan igualmente una serie de resultados derivados de su aplicación a partir del análisis zooarqueológico a fin de enfatizar la utilidad del examen de las formas de producción y consumo de los productos alimentarios de origen animal y su capacidad para generar conocimiento histórico de calidad sobre la formación de la sociedad andalusí.
La Cova de les Dones (Millares, València): el agua subterránea en las prácticas rituales ibéricas
Authors: Machause López Sonia , Falcó Alcázar Joan
Published: May 2023

El agua jugó un papel vital en las prácticas rituales ibéricas (como origen de vida, purificadora y/o regeneradora). Sin embargo, su implicación en estas prácticas no suele dejar huella en el registro arqueológico. En el caso de las cuevas rituales, su relación es constante, aunque indirecta. En otros contextos mediterráneos se ha valorado este elemento en sus diversos estados (agua en movimiento, estática o solidificada) como un captador simbólico, conocida como “abnormal/unnatural water”. La Cova de les Dones (Millares, València) ha sido objeto de diversas prospecciones arqueológicas y espeleológicas desde los años 60. Estas intervenciones han aportado una gran cantidad de materiales ibéricos, aunque con muy pocas referencias sobre la ubicación y las características generales de los hallazgos. En mayo de 2022, realizamos una prospección que ha permitido ubicar nuevos materiales de cronología ibérica, principalmente caliciformes, en diversos puntos de sus casi 500 metros de recorrido, localizándose generalmente en contacto con formaciones kársticas de diversa índole. Esta cueva es un ejemplo excepcional donde se hallaron casi 200 caliciformes, además de otros recipientes cerámicos, elementos metálicos y restos de fauna, depositados la mayoría de ellos en el interior de gours (actualmente desecados). Dichas evidencias demuestran la relación entre el agua y las ofrendas en este espacio subterráneo frecuentado entre los siglos V-III a. C. Si bien la Cova de les Dones siempre se ha asociado con la esfera ritual, presentamos, por primera vez, un análisis completo de la cueva en época ibérica aproximándonos a su contexto físico y material. Además, valoramos otro tipo de elementos inmateriales que, aunque son complejos de analizar arqueológicamente, nos ayudan a avanzar en la interpretación de estos espacios subterráneos.
Randomized Trial Comparing Left Colon Mucus Production Using Water Versus Saline During Water Exchange Colonoscopy
Authors: Cheng Chi-Liang , Kuo Yen-Lin , Liu Nai-Jen , Lien Jau-Min , Su I-Chia , Tang Chia-Pei , Hsieh Yu-Hsi , Leung Felix W.
Published: May 2023

INTRODUCTION

Water-assisted colonoscopy increases left colon mucus production; however, the effect of saline on mucus production is unclear. We tested the hypothesis that saline infusion may reduce mucus production in a dose-related manner.

METHODS

In a randomized trial, patients were assigned to colonoscopy with CO2 insufflation, water exchange (WE) with warm water, 25% saline, or 50% saline. The primary outcome was the Left Colon Mucus Scale (LCMS) score (5-point scale). Blood electrolytes were measured before and after saline infusion.

RESULTS

A total of 296 patients with similar baseline demographics were included. The mean LCMS score for WE with water was significantly higher than that for WE with saline and CO2 (1.4 ± 0.8 [WE water] vs 0.7 ± 0.6 [WE 25% saline] vs 0.5 ± 0.5 [WE 50% saline] vs 0.2 ± 0.4 [CO2]; overall P < 0.0001), with no significant difference between the 25% and 50% saline groups. The left colon adenoma detection rate (ADR) was highest in the 50% saline group, followed by the 25% saline and the water groups (25.0% vs 18.7% vs 13.3%) but the difference was not significant. Logistic regression showed water infusion as the only predictor of moderate mucus production (odds ratio, 33.3; 95% confidence interval, 7.2-153.2). No acute electrolyte abnormalities were documented indicating a safe modification.

CONCLUSIONS

The use of 25% and 50% saline significantly inhibited mucus production and numerically increased ADR in the left colon. Evaluation of the impact of mucus inhibition by saline on ADR may refine the outcomes of WE.
Hubungan Self-Efficacy dengan Academic Resilience Dimediasi Self-Regulated Learning pada Mahasiswa di Masa Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Yoelianita Betty Erda , Toga Ervia
Published: May 2023

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic had affected of higher education, especially nursing students in online clinical practice learning. The impact of online learning was students difficulties and limitations in direct clinical learning. A significant decrease in the statistical value of nursing practice pre-pandemic and during the pandemic in this situation, students with adaptive responses through their capacity used self-regulated learning (SRL) and academic resilience strategies. This study aimed to examine the role of SRL as a mediator of the correlation between self-efficacy and academic resilience at bachelor of nursing students during the Covid-19 pandemic. Methods: This study used a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional study design. The research sample consisted of 138 bachelor of nursing students at a health institution in East Java, taken using purposive sampling techniques. The inclusion criteria were bachelor of nursing students, who had practiced clinial at hospitals or other practice areas, during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research instrument used self-efficacy scale (17 items), academic resilience scale (25 items), and SRL scale (39 items). Data analysis used analyze regression Process Hayes Version 4.0 with the IBM SPSS (Statistical Program for Social Science) version 25 program for windows. Results: The results showed that there was a positive and significant correlation between self-efficacy and academic resilience, either directly (β=1.396, p=0.000) or partially mediated by SRL (β=0.7126, p=0.000), which mean that students with high self-efficacy can increase academic resilience with the mediating role of SRL.Conclusion: Self-efficacy has a positive and significant effect on academic resilience, either directly or partially mediated by SRL.  Keywords: Academic Resilience, Self-Efficacy, Self-Regulated Learning.
ESTIMASI RISIKO PORTOFOLIO SAHAM PERUSAHAAN PERKEBUNAN DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA MENGGUNAKAN VALUE AT RISK NON-NORMAL
Authors: Ikhsan Aulia , Sutisna Tatang , Widiati Siti
Published: May 2023

Stock investment portfolio aims to minimize the investment risk. However, problems of the portfolio formation are determining funds allocation for each stock and measuring its risk. Fund allocation is determined using the Mean-Variance Efficient Portfolio method, while risk measurement is carried out using Value at Risk (VaR). Nevertheless, problem on VaR is determining a fit distribution which would be involved to obtain quantile values at certain probability. This study discusses way of funds allocation determination and VaR value calculation that is aimed to analyze their impact in estimating the VaR value. The study used stock price return rate data of plantation companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange such as Astra Agro Lestari Tbk. (AALI), BISI International Tbk. (BISI), and PP London Sumatra Indonesia Tbk. (LSIP). The result showed BISI stock has high volatility so that its funds allocation is relatively smaller. The distribution identified for portfolio return rate is Logistics Distribution with the estimated parameters  0.0001187447 and 0.008810698. Portfolio VaR value at the 95% confidence level is -0.02582382. We conclude the determination of funds allocation does not minimize risk and the calculation of VaR with distributions do not match the data result a relatively higher VaR value.
The Influence of Occupational Stress, Anxiety, Work Engagement and Perceived Organizational Support on Innovation Outputs at XYZ Hospital During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ernes Audrina , Wanasida Albert Surya
Published: May 2023

Innovative approaches are needed to improve health, prevent disease, implement new treatments and deliver safe, high-quality care,this has always been important, but during the current COVID-19 pandemic, it has become even more relevant. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the antecedents of Innovative Behaviour and Innovation Outputs in nurses who work at XYZ Hospitals, incorporating Innovative Behaviour as a mediator. This study used a quantitative survey with a purposive sampling technique to collect data from nurses in XYZ hospital in Banten Province. There are 160 eligible respondents. The data were analyzed with PLS-SEM using SmartPLS software. It was found that Innovative Behaviour has a positive and significant influence on Innovation Outputs. Work Engagement, as well as Perceived Organizational Support, was found to have a positive and significant influence on Innovative Behaviour. Meanwhile, Occupational Stress and Anxiety didn’t have a significant influence on Innovative Behaviour. This study has implications for hospital management in developing nurses’ innovative behaviour and innovation outputs.
Léo Dex et les romans « aérostatiques »
Authors: Puyo Jean-Yves
Published: May 2023

Between 1895 and 1904, Captain Edouard Deburaux, under the name Léo Dex, wrote several novels that fully embraced the codes of the geographical novel. Most of his writings, following in the footsteps of Jules Verne’s Cinq semaines en ballon (1863), were intended to take the reader mainly to Africa. So, is he a mere imitator? In fact, he differs from Verne in that he himself was a nationally and internationally recognized balloonist. And if he did not invent the “balloon novel”, he was nonetheless the most prolific contributor to the genre.
« Smara, ville de nos illusions ». Les carnets de route de Michel Vieuchange en tant qu’autobiogéographie
Authors: Sokołowicz Małgorzata
Published: May 2023

The present paper focuses on the travel notes by Michel Vieuchange (1904-1930), a young Frenchman who decided to reach Smara, a holy Muslim city located in the middle of the desert, to describe it, and to e term used by Michel Collot means telling your life through the places that has affected you. In the case of Vieuchange’s notes the geographical descriptions intervene with the description of the personality of the traveler and form a whole. The paper shows that three cities, Tiznit, Tigilit and Smara, mark three stages of the travel and correspond to different aspects of Vieuchange’s personality.
Optimal design of pressure swing adsorption units for hydrogen recovery under uncertainty
Authors: Golubyatnikov Oleg , Akulinin Evgeny , Dvoretsky Stanislav
Published: May 2023

The paper proposes an approach to the optimal design of pressure swing adsorption (PSA) units for hydrogen recovery under uncertainty, which provides a reasonable margin of the potential resource of the PSA hydrogen unit and compensates for the negative impact of a random change in uncertain parameters within specified limits. A heuristic iterative algorithm is proposed to solve the design problem with a profit criterion, which is guaranteed to provide the technological requirements for the PSA unit, regardless of the values that take uncertain parameters from the specified intervals of their possible change. An experimental verification of the approach with the root-mean-square error of 19.43 % has been carried out. Optimization problems of searching for a combination of mode and design parameters under uncertainty for a range of 4-bed 4-step VPSA units with a capacity of 100–2000 L/min STP have been solved taking into account the requirements for hydrogen purity of 99.99+ %, gas inlet velocity of 0.2 m/s, and bed pressure drop (no more than 1 atm). It has been established that taking into account uncertainties leads to an increase in energy costs by 8–10 %, a decrease in profit by 10–15 %, and a decrease in hydrogen recovery by 4–5 %, which is a payment for the uninterrupted operation of the PSA unit. The effect of uncertain parameters (percentage composition of the gas mixture; gas temperature; the diameter of adsorbent particles) on the key indicators of the PSA process (recovery, profit, hydrogen purity, unit capacity) has been established and trends in adsorption duration, adsorption and desorption pressure, P/F ratio, valve capacity, bed length, adsorber diameter for design of hydrogen PSA unit, which are necessary for subsequent design and scaling of units.
Determination of essential and toxic elements in Algerian plant Matricaria chamomilla L.
Authors: Kherraz Khaled , Messaoudi Mohammed , Benchikha Naima , Benmohamed Mokhtar , Bouhila Zohra , Azli Tarek , Ben Seghir Bachir , Rebiai Abdelkrim , Ouakouak Hamza , Benarfa Adel
Published: May 2023

The chamomile plant, Matricaria chamomilla L., is a well-known medicinal plant species that is widely utilized in folk and traditional medicine to provide sedative as well as spasmolytic effects. In the present study and for the first time in Algeria, we examined in particular the content of essential and toxic elements in the Algerian plant M. chamomilla L., by using two analytical techniques Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). The findings from the two analytical techniques showed that there were twenty-one elements, comprising macro and microelements, including Ba, Br, Ca, Cl, Co, Cr, Cs, Eu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Rb, Sb, Sc, Sr, Th, U, and Zn. The accuracy of these methods was verified and confirmed by analyzing three certified reference materials. This study demonstrated the abundance of mineral elements in M. chamomilla L. Additionally, the concentration of the toxic elements determined were within the Food and Agriculture Organization’s tolerance limits (FAO).
„Semmi különös? A Bakony ékkövei” társadalmi innováció és hálózatos együttműködés a VEB2023 programban
Authors:   Pannon Egyetem, Gazdaságtudományi Kar, Turizmus Intézeti Tanszék, Lőrincz Katalin , Szabó Mariann ,   Budapesti Műszaki és Gazdaságtudományi Egyetem, Környezetgazdaságtan és Fenntartható Fejlődés Tanszék, Agárdi Izabella ,   Felsőbbfokú Tanulmányok Intézete
Published: May 2023

What is it about villages in East-Central Europe that makes them attractive for residents as well as visitors? How can they become communities that are able to keep up with the vast changes and challenges of our times whilst maintaining their best cultural assets and communal cohesion? These were the fundamental questions that drove our interest in conducting an interdisciplinary research project in the Bakony Mountains of Hungary, financed and supported by the Veszprém-Balaton 2023 European Capital of Culture Programme. Through the capitalization of those methodologies associated with the KRAFT (‘creative cities-sustainable regions’) program, the overall aim was to study four villages and their potential for endemic, culture-based development. As the four villages are geographically close to one another, with plenty of interaction and networks of cooperation. The research team aimed at uncovering patterns and dynamics of economic, social, cultural and environmental subsystems that have been influential in connecting these places and making them ‘a distinct region’ and highlighting these patterns. Furthermore, researchers and experts were also interested to discover and collect important cultural heritage elements –material and immaterial, natural and human alike– that might serve as fertile grounds for economic, social, or development strategies, those that locals can relate to, find familiar and those that resonate with their communities and cultural narratives. The proposed study will describe and analyse this piece of fieldwork, which was conducted in interdisciplinary teams, combining desktop research, a set of empirical methods, a diverse array of academic, artistic and practical competencies, and creative ways of cooperation with locals.
Turisztikai imázselemzés a 2023. évi Európa Kulturális Fővárosa projekt nyertes városainak körében
Authors:   Budapesti Corvinus Egyetem, Fenntartható Fejlődés Intézet, Turizmus Tanszék, Boros Kitti , Jászberényi Melinda ,   Budapesti Corvinus Egyetem, Fenntartható Fejlődés Intézet, Turizmus Tanszék
Published: May 2023

Tourism has always been the engine of the economy, and it is especially relevant in case of a recovery period, whether it is an economic or medical crisis. Tourism alone is not a remedy to the problems; however, conscious destination and product development can help strengthen the region through the integrity of local participants. Among the aims of European Capitals of Culture (ECoC) project are rural development, preserving and creating values, connecting creative industry to local levels. Our paper seeks an answer to the main research question: how do the winners of the ECoC 2023 convey their own core values through shaping the tourism image? The research question was answered using secondary sources and a focus group interview. The actuality and uniqueness of the paper come from the examination based on the ECoC project’s interdisciplinary approach, since connecting tourism with place marketing in the scientific research of the ECoC programme has been underrepresented so far. This gap-filling study demonstrates that the symbiotic relationship between tourism and place marketing not only adds value, but also provides practical profit to stakeholders through the development of destination management and location brand management.
Partnering with students to redesign an introductory chemistry laboratory course: An exploration of the process and implications
Authors: Jardine Hannah Elizabeth , Gavin Frome  , Elizabeth Campbell Griffith
Published: May 2023

The most effective teaching and learning environments are those in which students are involved as active partners with faculty, and the greatest impact occurs when faculty go beyond asking students for feedback and instead involve them in design, production, and implementation. In this paper, we explore the process of student-faculty co-creation by presenting a specific case involving students as partners in the redesign of an introductory chemistry laboratory course to incorporate more group learning, support students’ skill development, and increase students’ sense of belonging in chemistry. This case study investigates how faculty can set up and structure a successful co-design partnership and attend to potential challenges as well as how educational developers and teaching centers can work in partnership with faculty and students to design or redesign courses.
Influence of amino acids on bacterioplankton production, biomass and community composition at Ocean Station Papa in the subarctic Pacific
Authors: Stephens Brandon M. , Fox James , Liu Shuting , Halsey Kimberly H. , Nicholson David P. , Traylor Shawnee , Carlson Craig A.
Published: May 2023

Bacterioplankton play a central role in carbon cycling, yet their relative contributions to carbon production and removal can be difficult to constrain. As part of the Export Processes in the Ocean from RemoTe Sensing (EXPORTS) program, this study identifies potential influences of bacterioplankton community and dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition on carbon cycling at Ocean Station Papa in August 2018. Surface (5–35 m) bacterioplankton production rates and stocks spanned a 2- to 3-fold range over the 3-week cruise and correlated positively with the DOM degradation state, estimated using the mole proportion of total dissolved amino acids. When the DOM was more degraded, 16S rRNA gene amplicon data revealed a less diverse bacterioplankton community with a significant contribution from members of the Flavobacteriaceae family. Over the course of 7–10 d, as the DOM quality improved (became less degraded) and bacterioplankton productivity increased, the responding bacterioplankton community became more diverse, with increased relative contributions from members of the SAR86, SAR11 and AEGEAN-169 clades. The cruise mean for mixed layer, depth-integrated bacterioplankton carbon demand (gross bacterioplankton production) was 5.2 mmol C m−2 d−1, representing 60% of net primary production, where the difference between net primary production and bacterioplankton carbon demand was less than sinking flux at 50 m. The concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (cruise average of 58.5 µM C) did not exhibit a systematic change over the cruise period. Therefore, we hypothesize that carbon supplied from gross carbon production, values that were 2- to 3-fold greater than net primary production, provided the carbon necessary to account for the sinking flux and bacterioplankton carbon demand that were in excess of net primary production. These findings highlight the central contributions of bacterioplankton to carbon cycling at Ocean Station Papa, a site of high carbon recycling.
Oncogenic stress‐induced Netrin is a humoral signaling molecule that reprograms systemic metabolism in Drosophila
Authors: Okada Morihiro , Takano Tomomi , Ikegawa Yuko , Ciesielski Hanna , Nishida Hiroshi , Yoo Sa Kan
Published: May 2023

Cancer exerts pleiotropic, systemic effects on organisms, leading to health deterioration and eventually to organismal death. How cancer induces systemic effects on remote organs and the organism itself still remains elusive. Here we describe a role for NetrinB (NetB), a protein with a particularly well‐characterized role as a tissue‐level axon guidance cue, in mediating oncogenic stress‐induced organismal, metabolic reprogramming as a systemic humoral factor. In Drosophila, Ras‐induced dysplastic cells upregulate and secrete NetB. Inhibition of either NetB from the transformed tissue or its receptor in the fat body suppresses oncogenic stress‐induced organismal death. NetB from the dysplastic tissue remotely suppresses carnitine biosynthesis in the fat body, which is critical for acetyl‐CoA generation and systemic metabolism. Supplementation of carnitine or acetyl‐CoA ameliorates organismal health under oncogenic stress. This is the first identification, to our knowledge, of a role for the Netrin molecule, which has been studied extensively for its role within tissues, in humorally mediating systemic effects of local oncogenic stress on remote organs and organismal metabolism.
A network of small RNAs regulates sporulation initiation in Clostridioides difficile
Authors: Fuchs Manuela , Lamm‐Schmidt Vanessa , Lenče Tina , Sulzer Johannes , Bublitz Arne , Wackenreuter Janet , Gerovac Milan , Strowig Till , Faber Franziska
Published: May 2023

The obligate anaerobic, enteric pathogen Clostridioides difficile persists in the intestinal tract by forming antibiotic‐resistant endospores that contribute to relapsing and recurrent infections. Despite the importance of sporulation for C. difficile pathogenesis, environmental cues and molecular mechanisms that regulate sporulation initiation remain ill‐defined. Here, by using RIL‐seq to globally capture the Hfq‐dependent RNA–RNA interactome, we discovered a network of small RNAs that bind to mRNAs encoding sporulation‐related genes. We show that two of these small RNAs, SpoX and SpoY, regulate translation of the master regulator of sporulation, Spo0A, in an opposing manner, which ultimately leads to altered sporulation rates. Infection of antibiotic‐treated mice with SpoX and SpoY deletion mutants revealed a global effect on gut colonization and intestinal sporulation. Our work uncovers an elaborate RNA–RNA interactome controlling the physiology and virulence of C. difficile and identifies a complex post‐transcriptional layer in the regulation of spore formation in this important human pathogen.
VacancySBERT: the approach for representation of titles and skillsfor semantic similarity search in the recruitment domain
Authors: Bocharova Maiia Y. , Malakhov Eugene V. , Mezhuyev Vitaliy I.
Published: May 2023

The paper focuses on deep learning semantic search algorithms applied in the HR domain. The aim of the article is developinga novel approach to training a Siamese network to link the skills mentioned in the job ad with the title.It has been shown that the title normalization process can be based either on classification or similarity comparison approaches. While classification algorithms strive to classify a sample into predefined set of categories, similarity search algorithms take a more flexible approach, since they are designed to find samples that are similar to a given query sample, without requiring pre-defined classes and labels. In this article semantic similarity search to find candidates for title normalization has been used. A pre-trained language model has been adapted while teaching it to match titles and skills based on co-occurrence information. For the purpose of this research fifty billion title-descriptions pairs had been collected for training the model and thirty three thousand title-description-normalized title triplets, where normalized job title was picked up manually by job ad creator for testing purposes. As baselines FastText, BERT, SentenceBert and JobBert have been used. As a metric of the accuracy of the designed algorithm is Recall in top one, five and ten model’s suggestions. It has been shown that the novel training objective lets it achieve significant improvement in comparison to other generic and specific text encoders. Two settings with treating titles as standalone strings, and with included skills as additional features during inference have been used and the results have been compared in this article. Improvements by 10% and 21.5% have been achieved using VacancySBERT and VacancySBERT (with skills) respectively. The benchmark has been developed as open-source to foster further research in the area.