bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Heterogeneity of Economic Development of Russian Macroregions
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of RAS, Lavrikova Yu. G. , Suvorova A. V. ,   Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of RAS,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
Published: December 2023

As macroregions play an ambiguous role in the Russian system of spatial transformation management, it becomes important to examine the specificity of their development. The study aims to characterise economic heterogeneity of macroregions defined in the Spatial Development Strategy of the Russian Federation. To this end, heterogeneity indices of the data array (coefficients of variation, asymmetry and kurtosis) were calculated. Territorial units were compared using such complex indicators, as gross regional product (GRP), amount of investment and population income. The calculation results indicate a significant unevenness of economic development of macroregions for the analysed period from 2000 to 2022 (or to 2021 in the case of assessing average GRP per capita). Due to differences in inter-territorial heterogeneity at the level of individual macroregions, these units can be divided into 3 groups. The Central, Northern, Ural-Siberian and Far Eastern macroregions are characterised by significant uneven development of their constituent entities and the absence of a reduction trend. In most observations, their coefficients of variation are up to 4 times higher than the threshold value of 0.33. On the contrary, the Central Black Earth, North Caucasus and Volga-Ural macroregions are quite homogeneous: the values of all examined coefficients are close to the threshold values or below them. A high degree of differentiation and the absence of a tendency to change are characteristic of economic development of other macroregions. The study presents a sceptical view at the prospects for achieving the goals set in the Spatial Development Strategy of the Russian Federation. Thus, the findings can be used in practice to improve spatial policy in Russia.
Modelling High-Tech Trade Flows of a Macroregion Considering an Increase in Trade Barriers
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of RAS, Martynenko A. V. , Myslyakova Yu. G. ,   Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of RAS, Matushkina N. A. ,   Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of RAS, Kotlyarova S. V. ,   Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of RAS
Published: December 2023

Current geopolitical situation requires improving a methodology for researching, planning and managing foreign economic activity of Russian regions. Imposed sanctions changed the development of Russian foreign trade, contributing to the transformation of foreign economic activity. The study aims to model high-tech trade flows of the Ural macroregion, considering trade barriers, as well as to determine new international trade boundaries and emerging high-tech trade flows. The Ural Federal District was selected for study due to its unique experience in the development of international trade and economic relations, especially in terms of Russian high-tech exports and imports. The gravity model of Anderson and van Wincoop was used to assess changes in trade with friendly and unfriendly countries. As the values of trade barriers and the structure of trade flows in the medium term were assumed stable, the traditional gravity model of Anderson and van Wincoop was modified to predict the redistribution of trade flows between Russia and friendly and unfriendly countries in conditions of increasing trade barriers with the latter. The modified gravity model was applied to predict changes in trade flows for different groups of high-tech products. A growth of trade barriers will cause an increase in trade flows between Russia and friendly countries and a decrease in trade with unfriendly countries. For any elasticity, as trade barriers increase, exports to unfriendly countries decline more than imports from them, and exports to friendly countries grow more slowly than imports. The resulting models and findings can be used by federal and regional authorities to improve spatial, scientific and technological development policies of Russia, as well as to adjust foreign economic strategies in regions of the Urals Federal District.
Young Researchers in the Labour Market in Russian Regions
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Vasilyeva E. V.
Published: December 2023

Currently, significant efforts are being made to attract and retain young people in science. However, based on the statistics of academic staff, these efforts have not yet yielded the desired results. The article aims to examine the demand for academic staff and their supply. It is hypothesised that the exclusive focus of state policy on attracting young scientists is not a sufficient condition for capacity building of academic staff in Russia. The paper presents an approach to the study of demand factors for academic staff, including young researchers, and their supply. Correlation analysis shows that, according to the current dynamics of indicators, the economic and social demand for academic staff, especially young researchers, is not articulated. At the same time, the analysis revealed a close relationship between the number of young researchers and indicators of supply of academic staff, and even practically functional relationships between individual indicators. This connection is explained by demographic reasons, the lack of an effective system for ensuring the inflow of young researchers and the growing prestige of science as a career. The obtained results demonstrate that researchers aged 20-29 years significantly differ from those aged 30-39 years in terms of demand factors for academic staff and their supply. In order to comprehensively solve the problem of capacity building of academic staff in Russia, it is important to support not only young researchers, but also scientific schools.
Explicit Difference Scheme N-fold Splitting For the Vortex Equation in a Viscous Incompressible Fluid
Authors:   Bauman Moscow State Technical University (BMSTU), Volosova N.K. , Volosov K.A. ,   Russian University of Transport (RUT MIIT), Volosova A.K. ,   Russian University of Transport (RUT MIIT), Karlov M.I. ,   Moscow University of Physics and Technology (MIPT), Pastuhov D.F. ,   Polotsk State University, Pastuhov Yu.F. ,   Polotsk State University
Published: December 2023

This work is the first to consider the possibility of N-fold (n=100,200) splitting of an explicit difference scheme for the vortex equation in the system of equations of a hydrodynamic problem in a rectangular cavity with a viscous incompressible fluid and with the Reynolds number Re=1000. The algorithm proposed in the work allows us to significantly increase the maximum time step per iteration of the general problem and reduce the total calculation time by tens to hundreds of times. The splitting algorithm for the vortex equation explicit difference scheme is effective if the time spent by the program on the splitting cycle is many times less than the general problem on one iterationsolving time. It is shown numerically that the solution without splitting qualitatively coincides with the solution of the split circuit (match to five significant figures). In this case, the solution to the problem without splitting is not completely steady (the first five significant digits are constant in time after 400000 iterations). It is shown numerically that two-layer and three-layer explicit difference schemes have steady-state solutions with fields matching in 11-12 significant signs at each node of the computational grid (velocity, vortex, stream function) after 21000 iterations.
Mathematical Modeling of Nonlinear Electroconvection of an Ideal Liquid Dielectric in an Alternating Electric Field
Authors:   Perm State University, Il'in Vladimir A. , Sukhanov Michael O. ,   Perm State University
Published: December 2023

Mathematical modeling of nonlinear electroconvective regimes of an ideal liquid dielectric in an alternating electric field of a horizontal capacitor is carried out. The study was carried out using a low-mode electroconvection model for the case of weightlessness. As a result of the analysis of the obtained time dependences, their Fourier-spectra, calculations of the heat flow and the higher Lyapunov exponents, a map of nonlinear electroconvective regimes is constructed. The boundaries of the periodicity windows in the chaos region are determined. In the windows of periodicity, chaos occurs according to the Feigenbaum scenario.
The Artistic Image of the U.S. Midwest in the Novels by W. Gass and D. F. Wallace as a Metaphor of Human Existence
Authors:   Bashkir State Pedagogical University named after M. Akmulla, Nikulina Alla K. , Baranova Nadezhda V. ,   Bashkir State Pedagogical University named after M. Akmulla
Published: December 2023

The article deals with the image of the U.S. Midwest and its significance as the setting ofWilliam Н.Gass’s and David FosterWallace’s philosophical novels. The analysis of the artistic details rep-resenting the everyday life of the characters, together with the studies of the works by prominent philoso-phers and historians, lead the authors of the article to the conclusion that for both writers the Midwest ap-pears to be more than a geographical location, turning into an important symbol of human life as areality created and defined by language. In the analyzed novels, the living conditions in the Midwest, traditionally perceived as the most typical for America, become a philosophical reflection of the general conditions of human existence as immersion in the world created by language. Emptiness and loneliness, characteristic of the Midwestern life due to the geographical and historical circumstances under which the region has devel-oped, are considered by Gass and Wallace as universal conditions of human existence. A person, thrown into the material emptiness of an objectively existing world, tries to seek salvation with the help of language as the only philosophical tool at his disposal. The characters in the novels try to fill the void of their existence with words, thus striving to give shape and meaning to reality. But limited by the framework of language as a pragmatically conditioned reflection of the material facts, a person does not find an opportunity to reach the sphere of the metaphysical and the ethical, and, as a result, the external boredom of the provincial Midwest lifestyle turns into inner emptiness as the dominant feeling of the characters in the novels. Gass does not see an opportunity for his characters to escape from the trap set by the language-dominated world, while Wallace is actively looking for the ways to overcome the adverse circumstances through an ethical action as the opposite of the word.
The French Revolution as a Tragedy in British Literature: a Talk over the Century
Authors:   Perm State University, Proskurnin Boris M. , Firstova Maria Yu. ,   Perm State University
Published: December 2023

The article examines the artistic interpretation of the French Revolution of 1789–1794 inthe British literature of the 19th–20thcenturies on the basis of the works by Charles Dickens (A Tale of Two Cities, 1859), Elizabeth Gaskell (My Lady Ludlow, 1858), and Hilary Mantel (A Place of Greater Safety, 1992). As a result of the analysis of each of the three works, the study reveals a certain constant in the literary and artistic interpretation of the event that determined the course for the development ofthe political and social history of Western Europe in the following centuries. The article also explores a significant emphasis on the moral component in the literary depiction of the revolution and its participants. Thesimilarity between the three authors, but especially Dickens and Mantel, in understanding the causes and socio-politicalinevitability of the revolutionary explosion in France at the end of the 18thcentury is highlighted. The reasons for the Revolution and its imminence are shown on the basis of different social material due to different historiographic positions and artistic principles that are unique to each author.In the analyzed literary works, the Revolution is mainly represented as a personal, national and universal tragedy, and thecentral characters are portrayed as steadily turning into tragic ones. In the novel by Gaskell, this evaluation is given in a conventionally personal story-memoir of the main character, whose image is created on the basis of artistic techniques of realistic typification; in the novel of Dickens –in a large-scale realistic narrative with elements of romantic and sentimental-symbolist approaches; in Mantel’s work –in the best British traditions of the historicalnovel, but with an original narration, wherethe function of the omniscient author-historian is largely entrusted to the document, and the attention of the narrator-psychologist is focused on theinner world of the three leaders of the Revolution –Desmoulins, Danton, and Robespierre: large-scale revolutionary events are presented through the range of personal relationships of the characters, as a test for their friendship and personal qualities.
Konstantin Korovin, an Emigrant: The Native Land in the Artist’s Memoirs
Authors:   Ural State Pedagogical University, Suntsova Elena A.
Published: December 2023

Konstantin Korovin is a famous Russian artist, one of the first Russian impressionists, as well as a theater decorator. The artist was highly sensitive to the beauties of the nature of his native land, and his oeuvre consists mostly of landscapes. In 1922, being at his senior age, Korovinwas forced to move to one of the centers of Russian emigration –Paris. Life away from his motherland becomes one of the reasons for the painter’s artistic crisis. It was during these difficult years that Korovin began to engage in literary work. Korovin writes memoirs, significant part of which is memories of the abandoned but much beloved motherland.The article provides a comparative study of pictorial and verbal figurativeness in Korovin’s works. The cycle On the Huntincludes a short story Frost, where the landscape plays a key role in the plot. Ananalysis of the poetics of figurativeness in this story reveals the features of pictorial impressionism in the verbal images. The article analyzes the techniques that the memoirist employs to create the image of his motherland. The key words-leitmotifs, color palette, lighting effects, and other means of creating a lyrical landscape are also analyzed. There are found to be some parallels between Korovin’s literary descriptions of landscapes and his landscape paintings of winter forest. The paper draws a conclusion about the similarity of impressionistic techniques in paintings and the story by Korovin; the features specific to literary (verbal) fig-urativeness are noted, for example, folklore traditions and allusions to Russian poetic classics, the change in the narrator’s points of view, changes in emotional tonality, which forms the basis of the lyrical plot in the story Frost.The methodological framework of the study is based on comparative-typologicaland system-semantic principles of analysis, with elements of genre and style analysis.
Persuasiveness of Political Discourse: Cognitive Mechanisms
Authors:   Ryazan Branch of the Vladimir Kikot Moscow Universityof the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Voronina Lyubov V.
Published: December 2023

The article deals with the persuasiveness of political discourse from a cognitive perspec-tive. The research object is text units with the semantics of purpose functioning in the contexts of persuasive speech in natural dialogues of the reciprocal-response type. These units were obtained for the study from transcripts of political interviews with representatives of the Russian political elite using the unselected sam-plingmethod. The paper aims to describe cognitive models (frames, situational models) of natural language interaction (and persuasion) in discourse of the argumentative type and to identify cognitive mechanisms. The key concept used is persuasiveness, which, as applied to contexts with the semantics of purpose and viewed from a cognitive perspective, is understood in the paper as a change in the initial knowledge of the addressee or (in the absence of such knowledge) as its formation at the time of communication in the course of interaction, and which is presented as a unidirectional strategic action (as opposed to communicative). Using the methods of discourse analysis and elements of conversational analysis, basing on the principles of frame semantics and sociolinguistics, the author describes the cognitive mechanisms of 6 cognitive models of the persuasive argumentative discourse, including causative and circular, built on the principle of circularcomposition. Each model was studied through selection and detailed consideration of priority cognitive tools. The paper identifies groups of cognitive mechanisms in terms of their functionality, describes options for their inclusionboth in a dialogically directed discourse (within the framework of speech interaction) and in the process of speech as a strategic action performed solely for the purpose of persuasion.
On Studying Semantic and Motivational Connections of Vocabulary of Disgust and Dislike
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Malkova Yana V.
Published: December 2023

The article discusses the origin of some Russian dialectal lexical units that convey the feelings of disgust and dislike. Applying the method of semantic and motivational reconstruction, the author focuses on mechanisms and models of the development of semantics of negative emotional attitude. The study provides semantic and motivational interpretation of more than 9 dialectal lexical units, including rachit’, glyano, chelyadinnyy, chomkiy, chmyra, chmonitsya, toromko, pritoromko, nazola, etc. When analyzing the given words, in order to prove one or another research decision, the author draws semantic and motivational paral-lels citing words that demonstrate a similar course of the meaning development. For example, for words car-rying the meaning of disgust and dislike, the enantiosemy mechanism was found to be productive, as is the case of the wordrachit’, meaning ‘to disdain’, which the author considers to originate from the meaning ‘to want, desire’. In some cases, where necessary, word-building and etymological remarks are provided. Forlinguistic facts whose etymology is established, the relevant data are provided, commented and, where possible, supplemented by the author of the article. Group semantic and motivational reconstruction allows interpretation of a number of lexical units meaning disgust and dislike with a sufficient degree of complete-ness and argumentativeness. As a result of the study on the semantic and motivational relations of dialect linguistic facts, the article provides a reconstruction of some folk traditional ideas of dislike and disgust, in-formation on folk ideas of ethics and etiquette is given.
Means of Emphasis in Political Television Discourse: the Core-Periphery Distinction
Authors:   Perm State University, Volkova Iuliia S.
Published: December 2023

The article discusses the functioning of accentuators (means of emphasis) in political tele-vision discourse and their core-periphery distinction. Accentuators are defined as language, speech, and non-verbal means that accentuate fragments of speech being the most significant from the author’s point of view. An accentuator is recognized as core or peripheral depending on two factors: its being intended for semantic emphasis and the frequency of its use in a specific type of speech. Core accentuators are divided into three groups. The center of the core of the accentuation category includes the most emphasis-targeted and frequent means of emphasis –logical and emphatic sentence stress as well as gestural stress (baton gestures). Less emphasis-targeted core units are represented by lexical-semantic emphasis, hypophora, a performative utter-ance, inversion, an emblematic gesture ‘attention’, and expressive vocabulary. Core units that are least in-tended for emphasis include lexical repetitions, some modal particles, and adverbs of degree and measure. Peripheral means of emphasis are language, speech, and non-verbal units that are contextual and occasional. They are divided into two groups: the close periphery (introductory and parenthetical constructions, illustra-tive gestures, some modal particles, emblematic gestures, parallel syntax, direct and free indirect speech, some facial expressions, etc.) and the far periphery (comparatives, pauses, interjections, some structures of a complex sentence and supra-phrasal units, etc.). The research reveals some significant regularities in the use of accentuators: there are patterns of compatibility of their certain types; the usage frequency of accentuators depends on functional and semantic types of speech or the personal characteristics of communicants.
Euphemisms for Occupational Titles in the Russian and Chinese Languages
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Zehong Zhao
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to euphemisms used for occupational titles in the Russian and Chi-nese languages. The study aims to clarify the definition of such euphemisms and to identify the reasons for their use. Descriptive and comparative research methods are employed in the work. Material for the study includes euphemisms themselves and theoretical studies on the process of euphemization.The article dis-cusses the traditions in the study of euphemisms in Russian and Chinese linguistics, provides definitions ofeuphemisms in the Russian and Chinese languages, and explains the reasons why occupational titles are sometimes given euphemistic names.After determining the differences between the notions prestigeand so-cial status, the paper confirms, on the basis of the characteristics of euphemisms themselves, that it is pres-tigethat acts as an indicator for evaluation of professions. The paper provides a scientific definition of eu-phemisms for occupational titles: as the reason for their appearance lies in social inequality, for designation of professions that are low in prestige there are used softened, positive or neutral words and expressions de-signed to improve the image of such areas of activity and reduce the negative emotions of workers employed in them. The study confirms that the reasons behind the use of euphemisms for occupational titles include: 1)politeness, 2)cooperation, 3)saving face, and 4)elimination of discrimination against people with non-prestigious professions. The study fills a gap in the theory of euphemisms used for occupational titles and provides a basis for their further study.
On the History of Compilation of Chinese-Russian Dictionaries in Russia and China
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Yuqiong Chen
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the history of compiling Chinese-Russian dictionaries in Russia and China. The contribution of Chinese and Russian researchers to the compilation of bilingual dictionaries is analyzed, the features and sequence of the creation of Chinese-Russian dictionaries in both countries in different periods of their history are discussed. It is shown that the principles of selecting vocabulary for bi-lingual dictionaries are determined by political, economic,and social factors. The material of this article are the works of Russian Sinologists of the 18thcentury (I.K.Rossokhin, A.N.Paryshev), 19thcentury (N.Ya.Bichurin, V.P.Vasiliev, Archimandrite Pallady), 20thcentury (I.M.Oshanin, B.G.Mudrov), and Chinese Russianists (Zhang Houchen, Chen Feng, Chen Chuxiang), as well as dictionaries of the 1980s TheBig Chinese-Russian Dictionary(1983–1984) edited by I.M.Oshanin, Chinese-Russian Dictionary(1980) edited by B.G.Mudrov, 汉俄词典(Chinese-Russian Dictionary, 1989) edited by Xia Zhongyi. Theauthor concludes that the compilers of the studied Chinese-Russian dictionaries published in Russia and China in the specified period approached the selection of dialect and archaic vocabulary, words from the lit-erary Wenyan language, and scientific and technical terms for their dictionaries in different ways. From the author’s point of view, this was due to the desire of Russian lexicographers to include in dictionaries the maximum amount of highly specialized vocabulary, while Chinese lexicographers were more interested in everyday vocabulary being part of the active vocabulary of the language.
Paul Claudel, a Reader of the Bible
Authors:   HSE University, Bannikov Konstantin V.
Published: December 2023

Paul Claudel is a French writer of the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, known in Russia for his poetic works of the early period and dramaturgy. His short prose and poetic commentaries on theBible are practically unknown in the Russian-speaking scientific field. Most of his prose heritage consists of translations and commentaries on biblical books, including the apex text Paul Claudel inquires the Song of Songs(Paul Claudel interroge le Cantique des Cantiques). The purpose of this article is to introduce into sci-entific circulation the topic ‘Claudel as a prose writer, author of literary commentaries on the Bible’. It is this part of Claudel’s heritage that needs to be studied so that it would become possible to understand and assess the place of Claudel in the world culture of the 20thcentury. First of all, the paper deals with the method of Claudel’s work with the Bible (daily reading, reference to the works of the Church Fathers and concordan-ces), which forms the poetological foundations of the style. These books shape a creative laboratory from which a method of literary commentary on biblical texts grows. This is how Claudel’s biblical style is born. It can be defined as an attitude to the Scripture not as to a series of messages, but as to images. The preserva-tion of the centuries-old tradition of the Church in the interpretation of the Word leads the writer to a poetic commentary, a ‘Claudelian novel’ with the biblical characters and plot. Claudel makes the drama of the Holy Scripture the center of the reader’s interest, uniting the sacred and the profane, ennobling hypocrisy, direct-ing mimesis to biblical reality, the existence of which Claudel does not doubt. The writer emphasized that his works were exclusively literary. The understanding of the Claudel’s text as literary is deepened not only by the text itself, but by the reader’s experience and readiness to perceive it. Thus, Claudel turns out to be the creator of a new dialogical novel word.
Laforet’s ‘Nada’ as a Female Bildungsroman? The Genre Peculiarities of the Tremendist Novel
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Gerasimenko Maria V.
Published: December 2023

Carmen Laforet’s Nadais one of the most important literary works in post-war Spain, one of the first novels of tremendism. Nadais considered to be a Bildungsroman; however, since the main char-acter (Andrea) seems excessively passive, this definition is called into question by some researchers. Thearticle shows that Nada combines the features of the novel of emergence(according to the nomenclature offered by MikhailBakhtin), or Bildungsroman(according to the nomenclature used by English-speaking philologists), and the features of the novel of ordeal, but the specificity of the chronotope and the plot brings Nadacloser to the novel of ordeal,which is constructed on the idea of testing the protagonist’s self-identity. Thus, Andrea stays as naive as she was, and her fate is decided by chance. The concept of identity-testing is embodied in Nadathrough using the elements of the archaic plot of the ‘maiden warrior’: Andrea defends her subjectivity in a duel with a man (Roman); but in their confrontation, not only the predominance of the strength of one of them is tested, but also their equality in relation to each other. A situationof the identity-testing is also captured in Andrea’s retrospective narrative: the narrator’s attempt tofind a new meaning and understanding of what has happened against her will is accompanied by a new imposition of an ‘external’ will on the course of events already known to her, and thus returns her to a passive position, which she was trying to avoid. The article shows that the problem of (self)identity-testing, raised in the novel, was highly relevant to the cultural situation in Spain of the 1940–50s:that was the period of popularity of the concepts of agonismo (the character’s rebellion against the finiteness of his/her own ‘self’) and cainismo (a mysterious inner link between the winner and the loser in a fratricidal duel, any outcome of which is equally tragic).
The Functions of Pictorial Imagery in Pre-Raphaelite Ballads through the Example of A.C. Swinburne’s ‘The King’s Daughter’
Authors:   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Nazarova Tatiana V.
Published: December 2023

This article focuses on intermediality as one of the foundations of Pre-Raphaelitism. Intheir work, the Pre-Raphaelites practise both more complex and more applicative approach to intermedial interaction, seeing in the material and method of other arts the potential to enrich the poetic language. This was particularly evident in the frameworkof pictorial-poetic synthesis, which affected not only those Pre-Raphaelites who worked simultaneously as poets and painters but also those of them who were engaged in one kind of art. The first partof the article deals with the intermedial aspect of Pre-Raphaelitism, its theoreti-cal foundations, historical and cultural context, and the specificity of the approach in comparison with previ-ous periods. The particular focus is on painterliness and attention to detail as key qualities of Pre-Raphaelite poetics; these were mainly reflected in the principle of fidelity to detail that the Pre-Raphaelites embraced and also in the use of light and color in their poems. The next part of the article shows the innovative ap-proach which involved the active use of material-oriented and visual imagery not only in static genres but also in narrative ones, such as the ballad. The third part illustrates how pictorial imagery was modeled in A.C.Swinburne’s ballad The King’s Daughter, and what functions it fulfilled. The result of the study is the conclusion that the pictorial mode of representation manifests itself in the Swinburne’s ballad despite the fact that the author himself was not an artist. It is manifested not only on the lexical but also on grammatical and syntactical levels. Such a model of a visual image transmission performs several important functions, partici-pating both in the compositional organization of the work and in the plot development and character building.
Landscape on a Theater Curtain, Tea Saucer and Hand Fan Screen: Ekphrasis in the Works of Aubrey Beardsley, Ronald Firbank, Mikhail Kuzmin
Authors:   Perm State University, Novokreshchennykh Irina A.
Published: December 2023

The article studies the influence of Aubrey Beardsley on the English prose writer Ronald Firbank and Russian poet Mikhail Kuzmin, both of whom worked at the beginning of the 20th century. Theanalysis of literary works in the article is based on comparative-historical and aesthetic-poetological ap-proaches. The ekphrasis of the palace in Firbank’s novel The Artificial Princessis shown to have intermedial connections with A.Beardsley’s novel Under the Hill, or the Story of Venus and Tannhäuserand with M.Kuzmin’s poems Fuji in a Saucerand The Northern Fan. Comparative analysis leads to the conclusion that the relationships between nature and art in the works of Beardsley, Firbank, and Kuzmin are viewed through the prism of culture. In Beardsley’s novel, the landscape of a lake with frogs is created in the hero’s imagination and reflects his desires and fears, which emphasizes the romantic genesis of decadence. The de-scription ends with the assumption that the lake does not really exist, but is only painted on a theater curtain. Firbank presents the ekphrasis of the palace park from different points of view. Reality is transformed not so much by the subjectivity of vision as by its paradoxical perspective. The ‘deceptive expanse’ of the land-scape, narrowing, is compared with the image on a porcelain cup or saucer, or on the silken panel of a fan –‘so much... in so little’.In Kuzmin’s ekphrastic poem Fuji in a Saucer, the landscape simultaneously nar-rows and expands, demonstrating the unity of nature and art. Unlike the landscape descriptions by Beardsley and Firbank, Kuzmin’s poem immediately indicates the ekphrastic nature of the description, which deter-mines its genre integrity. In Firbank’s novel, the leaves of the fan in the hands of the princess cross the night sky with twin-kling planets leading into the world of dreams and imagination. A direct reference to Charles Conder indi-rectly points to the tradition of Beardsley, whose drawings the creator of the fan admired and imitated. Kuzmin’s poetic cycle The Northern Fanopens with a direct reference to Beardsley, whom Kuzmin com-pared with his friend Yu.Yurkun (the cycle is dedicated to him). Each poem is like a leaf of a fan, but while the first poem mentions only the material and details, the last one describes the movement of the fan leaves as four elements and four cardinal points, reminiscent of the film by J.Méliès The Wonderful Living Fan. The transformation of the fan in this film ends with the rotation of the planets in the starry sky, as on Fir-bank’s fan. Thus, ekphrasis in the works of Firbank and Kuzmin, aesthetically ascending to Beardsley, is distinguished by a change of points of view, by allusions to cinematographic images and the realities of the 20thcentury.
Reasons for Semantic Extension in the Meaning of Artistic Symbols
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Orlova Elena V.
Published: December 2023

This article examines the process of change in the meaning of artistic symbols in the nov-els by J.R.Fowles, whose books are filled with deep philosophical content, which is considered to be one of the main components of any symbol. The paper analyzes excerpts from the writer’s novels A Maggot, The Magus, The Tree, The Aristos, as well as the author’s diaries. The problem of studying an artistic symbol lies in its changeability: a symbol as a unit of culture transmits its basic meanings from generation togeneration, but at the same time it can acquire other new meanings during the development of society and culture. In addition, new meanings of a symbol can be found in works of different authors. The purpose of this study is to identify the reasons for the occurrence of these meanings. The main research methods included a defini-tion analysis of the artistic symbol in special dictionaries, contextual analysis, and methods of interpretation. Basing on the literature review, the author of the article formulates the following definition: an artistic sym-bol is a conventional figurative-semiotic object of language and culture (unconsciously or consciously) in-cluded by the author in a figurative text in which the symbol actualizes one or some interpretations that re-duce the denotative meaning of the word and expand the semantic boundaries of the lexeme. The study re-veals that cultural-historical and pragmatic factors influenced the change in the meanings of different artistic symbols in the works of Fowles. It was also found that pragmatic factors brought more changes than cultur-al-historical factors. This phenomenon is explained by the fact that a person’s personal experience of interac-tion with an object-symbol can be diverse and generate new meanings. However, such meanings of a symbol may not be fixed in the language in contrast to the meanings caused by changes in society. This study is nov-el in that it explores the process of formation of new meanings in an artistic symbol.
Women at War in the Prose of Contemporary British Women Writers
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Sidorova Olga G.
Published: December 2023

The contribution of British women to the victory in World War II was great: unmarried women under 30 were mobilized to Women’s Auxiliary Service, to work in industries and in the so-called Land Army. During the Blitz –a period of intense bombing of London and other British cities in 1940–1941–women worked in voluntary teamsclearing rubble, in ambulances and in hospitals. Descriptions of the bombed, burning city are numerous in the books of writers who witnessed the war (G.Greene, E.Bowen, and others). The war changed the everyday life of British women and their social roles drastically. The life of women in the wartime London is described in M. Spark’s novel The Girls of Slender Means(1963), but in subsequent years the topic was not much discussed in literature. The return of British literature to national history took place at the end of the 20th century. In the 21st century, the wartime women’s life and fight is reflected in the following novels by contemporary women writers: S.Waters The Night Watch, K.Atkinson Life after Life, E.Healey Elizabeth is Missing, K.Morton The Secret Keeper, and others. All the novels are based both on wartime documents (witnesses’ diaries and memoirs) and on literary tradition. Each of the writers describes the heroic struggle of women during the Blitz and their everyday life; wartime daily life and its constituents acquire a symbolic, even ideological meaning. The novels analyze similar themes and problems, but the writers use different points of view and narrative techniques. S. Waters uses reverse com-position, her characters are marginal from the point of view of public morals. K.Atkinson’s novel is a com-plex postmodern narration where numerous plotlines are interwoven. E.Healey mostly relies on memory games, while K.Morton uses popular literature techniques. Two categories –memory and history –are em-ployed in all the novels to show and to reconstruct the role of British women in the WWII victory.
Orthodox Realism in the Works by Fyodor Dostoevsky
Authors:   Perm State University, Syromyatnikov Oleg I.
Published: December 2023

The article aims to define the artistic method of F.M. Dostoevsky in the light of new ideas about the ideological content and poetics of the writer’s works. As is known, Dostoevsky worked in the gen-re of realism, he called himself a realist, and it is easy to notice the features of social, psychological, philo-sophical, and even political realism in his writings. At the same time, there was always something else in them, something more significant and adding unique originality to the writer’s works. A number of modern researchers (I.B. Avanesyan, A.A.Alekseev, V.A.Voropaev, M.M.Dunaev, V.N.Zakharov, Yu.V.Le-bedev, A.M.Lyubomudrov, L.I.Saraskina, K.A.Stepanyan, A.N.Uzhankov, and others) consider this phenomenon to be grounded in the cultural European Christian tradition. The results of the study of Dostoev-sky’s works by means of historical-cultural and comparative-historical methods generally confirm this as-sumption, but it needs significant clarification. Using the comparative typological method, the author of the article explores various points of view on Dostoevsky’s poetics, systematizes the results obtained on the ba-sis of an original methodological approach, and comes to the conclusion that the most precise term convey-ing the features of the writer’s artistic method is ‘Orthodox realism’.It is known that Dostoevsky called his method ‘complete realism’, ‘realism in the highest sense’, ab-solutely rejecting the label of a writer-psychologist. This circumstance has repeatedly attracted the attention of researchers. While studying various concepts and analyzing Dostoevsky’s own views on the goals and objectives of artistic creativity, the author of the article comes to the conclusion that ‘realism in the highest sense’ is based on the principle of transforming the Orthodox view of the world into artistic imagery –‘Or-thodox realism’. It has been the main principle of Russian literature since its appearance, having countless embodiments in the works of Russian writers. Dostoevsky creatively rethought the experience of European and Russian Christian literature and raised the method of Orthodox realism to an unattainable height.
The Project of a Nonstandard Mineral Vocabulary Dictionary
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Zhuzhgov Sergey V.
Published: December 2023

The article discusses in detail thepossibilities for lexicographic description of nonstandard mineral vocabulary, i.e. those names of minerals, colloid minerals, geological materials and related objects and phenomena that do not fall under official international mineralogical terminology.The author is develop-ing a project of an explanatory dictionary based on field materials from the card index on stone vocabulary, toponymy and ethnography (the index is created by the staff of the Department of Russian Language, Gen-eral Linguistics and Verbal Communication, Ural Federal University).The material was collected in2019–2023 during expeditions in the Middle and South Urals. It was gathered through interviews with geologists, stonecutters, jewellers, and other groups of stone lovers. The article describes the advantages of the explana-tory dictionary as the type of dictionary appropriate for the vocabulary in question, explains the objectives of the dictionary and special aspects of material selection, describes the dictionary contents and the structure of dictionary entries, provides sample entries. These are devoted to the following thematic groups: ‘low-quality mineral, non-precious mineral’, ‘imitative, artificial mineral’, ‘non-productive, barren lode’. Special atten-tion in the dictionary entries is paid to motivational and etymological data. The article appears to be an im-portant contribution to lexicography and to the study of the new, little-explored vocabulary layer. The card index will further be supplemented. It is hoped that the nonstandard mineral vocabulary dictionary will be published and prove to be useful both for specialists (linguists and geologists) and for the general reader, cur-rently having poor access to verified academic information on stone vocabulary.
Explicatives as a Form of Knowledge Representation
Authors:   Perm State University, Alekseeva Larisa M. , Dudina Maria V. ,   Perm State University
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to highlighting of the concept of the explicative as a unit of under-standing the scientific text, which is new for the theory of language. These units represent progressive inter-textuality, due to the novelty of scientific knowledge, being elements of interpretation of the scientific thought. The authors of the article focus on the concept of a representheme, regarded as a model of a concept that has a verbal representation in the form of a special sign. It is noted that the most studied units of under-standing are terms, terminological phrases and definitions. The authors work out theoretical foundations for the concept of the explicative taking into account linguistic, communicative and cognitive criteria, describe the research methodology, and develop specific methods for the study of this unit in a text. The methodology includes the development of principles and steps for the analysis of explicatives in a scientific text. Explica-tives are included by the authors in a generalized class of units of understanding and are regarded as a means of interpreting scientific knowledge. The characteristics of explicatives are associated with open and unfin-ished language expressions clarifying the original concept. The concept of explicatives deserves special at-tention since, unlike logically complete units, they have open, incomplete structures and perform the function of an additional description of the object under consideration. The main conclusion of the study is the sug-gestion that, being free interpretations, explicatives are more dynamic and less inert than definitions and other complete units. The authors draw conclusions about the role and functions of explicatives in the scientific text and outline prospects for using explicatives in practice.
Corpus-Based Analysis of French and English Neologisms in Media Discourse
Authors:   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Nepomniashchikh Natalia M. , Zhandarova Anna S. ,   Moscow Region State Pedagogical University, Korzin Andrey S. ,   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)
Published: December 2023

Language development is an ongoing process, and changes occur at all levels of the lan-guage. This article discusses the changes in the lexical composition of French and English, namely neolo-gisms. Media discourse was chosen as the material for the study because it is characterized by a high dyna-mism of changes and reflects, interprets many new phenomena of objective reality, with new language struc-tures used to describe them. The study was based on linguistic data from Néoveille and WebCorp platforms. In addition to quantitative and distributive methods, a qualitative and component analysis of neologisms was applied to their word-formation models and connotations. In 2022 the most frequent neologisms in French were personnes-années, demies-journées, grande-reporters, and tout-mots, in English –liveaboard, micro-mobility, effective altruism, and tomato flu. Additionally, some neologisms were analyzed in context. In 2022 metaphorical neologisms were found to be more common in English than in French. Neologismsap-pear more often in contexts that are related to technology and politics. Based on the study, lists of the most common neologisms were compiled, which can be used in the teaching of foreign languages at high levels. Undoubtedly, it is necessary to further study neologisms that appear in different languages and the ways of detecting them in various texts because, despite the high level of development of the tools of computational and corpus linguistics, their methods and tools still have limitations and shortcomings that require an expert assessment of the results obtained.
The Communicative Category ‘Speech Clarity’ in the Digital Dialogue Between the Government and Society (based on official responses to requests of citizens on the social network VKontakte)
Authors:   Perm State University, Shirinkina Mariya A. , Verkhokamkina Kristina A. ,   Perm State University
Published: December 2023

The article deals with the communicative category ‘speech clarity’ in official responses to requests and messages of citizens in the social networking service VKontakte. Following the analysis of sci-entific literature, the authors of the study conclude that speech clarity is one among such characteristics of speech as accessibility, comprehensibility, intelligibility, and simplicity, these opposed to the lack of clarity, unreliability, ambiguity, as well as semantic and structural complexity. The authors show the following lin-guistic means to make speech unclear and lead to speech ambiguity: terms, officialese, loanwords, archa-isms, and neologisms, lexemes denoting ambiguity, abstract nouns, polynomial phrases, complex sentences with different types of subordinate clauses, passive voice, and impersonal sentences. In the course of study more than 300 texts were analyzed and ways of increasing speech clarity were identified. These include re-placing of officialese and legal terms with common and concrete vocabulary, the use of proper names instead of generalizing generic names, clarification of legal terms, substantiating the answer to a citizen’s request by reference to a relevant regulatory act, the use of simple sentences,intentional structuring of multi-component statements. As part of research, the authors conducted an experimental pilot study aiming to determine text complexity and readability of official responses using the online service Textometer (https://textometr.ru/). Itis concluded that the digital dialogue between the authorities and society requires the formation of a new official communicative style. This communicative style is meant to contribute to the development of innova-tive types of speech interaction between the government and citizens in social networks and messengers.