bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comprehension Correlates of the Occurrence and Deletion of “de” in Mandarin “N1 (de) N2” Structures
Authors: Zhao Junyuan , Wu Junru
Published: May 2020

Based on corpus materials and online semantic judgment surveys, this paper investigates the comprehension differences related to the occurrence and deletion of “de” in the Mandarin “N1 (de) N2” structure. By applying PCA and LME modeling on the survey data, we provide a multi-level database of semantic measurements for a set of Chinese “N1 (de) N2” structures as well as a quantitative analysis regarding the correlation between structure-level and constituent-level semantic features. The research shows the following: (1) The “de”-occurring structure is more likely to be interpreted as indefinite than the “de”-deletion structure. (2) Animacy of N1 is positively related to the grammaticality of the “de”-occurring structure, while animacy of N1 is negatively related to the grammaticality of the “de”-deletion structure. The research findings provide evidence for prototype effects in the process of language comprehension. We propose that in natural comprehension, there is a high-animacy bias for N1 regarding the “de”-occurring structure; while a low animacy interpretation for N1 is more prototypical for the “de”-deletion structure. Accordingly, the “de”-occurring structure tends to be interpreted as a possessive, while the “de”-deletion structure is more likely to be interpreted as a modifier-head structure.
Algorithm 1008
Authors: Casado Jose Maria Varas , Hewson Rob
Published: May 2020

A Matlab class for multicomplex numbers was developed with particular attention paid to the robust and accurate handling of small imaginary components. This is primarily to allow the class to be used to obtain
n
-order derivative information using the multicomplex step method for, among other applications, gradient-based optimization and optimum control problems. The algebra of multicomplex numbers is described, as is its accurate computational implementation, considering small term approximations and the identification of principal values. The implementation of the method in Matlab is studied, and a class definition is constructed. This new class definition enables Matlab to handle
n
-order multicomplex numbers and perform arithmetic functions. It was found that with this method, the step size could be arbitrarily decreased toward machine precision. Use of the method to obtain up to the seventh derivative of functions is presented, as is timing data to demonstrate the efficiency of the class implementation.
JGraphT—A Java Library for Graph Data Structures and Algorithms
Authors: Michail Dimitrios , Kinable Joris , Naveh Barak , Sichi John V.
Published: May 2020

Mathematical software and graph-theoretical algorithmic packages to efficiently model, analyze, and query graphs are crucial in an era where large-scale spatial, societal, and economic network data are abundantly available. One such package is JGraphT, a programming library that contains very efficient and generic graph data structures along with a large collection of state-of-the-art algorithms. The library is written in Java with stability, interoperability, and performance in mind. A distinctive feature of this library is its ability to model vertices and edges as arbitrary objects, thereby permitting natural representations of many common networks, including transportation, social, and biological networks. Besides classic graph algorithms such as shortest-paths and spanning-tree algorithms, the library contains numerous advanced algorithms: graph and subgraph isomorphism, matching and flow problems, approximation algorithms for NP-hard problems such as independent set and the traveling salesman problem, and several more exotic algorithms such as Berge graph detection. Due to its versatility and generic design, JGraphT is currently used in large-scale commercial products, as well as noncommercial and academic research projects.

In this work, we describe in detail the design and underlying structure of the library, and discuss its most important features and algorithms. A computational study is conducted to evaluate the performance of JGraphT versus several similar libraries. Experiments on a large number of graphs over a variety of popular algorithms show that JGraphT is highly competitive with other established libraries such as NetworkX or the BGL.
Algorithm 1009
Authors: Hawkins Stuart C.
Published: May 2020

MieSolver provides an efficient solver for the problem of wave propagation through a heterogeneous configuration of nonidentical circular cylinders. MieSolver allows great flexibility in the physical properties of each cylinder, and the cylinders may have opaque or penetrable cores, as well as an arbitrary number of penetrable layers. The wave propagation is governed by the two-dimensional Helmholtz equation and models electromagnetic, acoustic, and elastic waves. The solver is based on the Mie series solution for scattering by a single circular cylinder and hence is numerically stable and highly accurate. We demonstrate the accuracy of our software with extensive numerical experiments over a wide range of frequencies (about five orders of magnitude) and up to 60 cylinders.
Towards Question-based High-recall Information Retrieval
Authors: Zou Jie , Kanoulas Evangelos
Published: May 2020

While continuous active learning algorithms have proven effective in finding most of the relevant documents in a collection, the cost for locating the last few remains high for applications such as Technology-assisted Reviews (TAR). To locate these last few but significant documents efficiently, Zou et al. [2018] have proposed a novel interactive algorithm. The algorithm is based on constructing questions about the presence or absence of entities in the missing relevant documents. The hypothesis made is that entities play a central role in documents carrying key information and that the users are able to answer questions about the presence or absence of an entity in the missing relevance documents. Based on this, a Sequential Bayesian Search-based approach that selects the optimal sequence of questions to ask was devised. In this work, we extend Zou et al. [2018] by (a) investigating the noise tolerance of the proposed algorithm; (b) proposing an alternative objective function to optimize, which accounts for user “erroneous” answers; (c) proposing a method that sequentially decides the best point to stop asking questions to the user; and (d) conducting a small user study to validate some of the assumptions made by Zou et al. [2018]. Furthermore, all experiments are extended to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms not only in the phase of abstract appraisal (i.e., finding the abstracts of potentially relevant documents in a collection) but also finding the documents to be included in the review (i.e., finding the subset of those relevant abstracts for which the article remains relevant). The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithms can greatly improve performance, requiring reviewing fewer irrelevant documents to find the last relevant ones compared to state-of-the-art methods, even in the case of noisy answers. Further, they show that our algorithm learns to stop asking questions at the right time. Last, we conduct a small user study involving an expert reviewer. The user study validates some of the assumptions made in this work regarding the user’s willingness to answer the system questions and the extent of it, as well as the ability of the user to answer these questions.
Keeping the Data Lake in Form
Authors: Alserafi Ayman , Abelló Alberto , Romero Oscar , Calders Toon
Published: May 2020

Data lakes (DLs) are large repositories of raw datasets from disparate sources. As more datasets are ingested into a DL, there is an increasing need for efficient techniques to profile them and to detect the relationships among their schemata, commonly known as
holistic schema matching
. Schema matching detects similarity between the information stored in the datasets to support information discovery and retrieval. Currently, this is computationally expensive with the volume of state-of-the-art DLs. To handle this challenge, we propose a novel early-pruning approach to improve efficiency, where we collect different types of
content metadata
and
schema metadata
about the datasets, and then use this metadata in early-pruning steps to pre-filter the
schema matching
comparisons. This involves computing proximities between datasets based on their metadata, discovering their relationships based on overall proximities and proposing similar dataset pairs for schema matching. We improve the effectiveness of this task by introducing a supervised mining approach for effectively detecting similar datasets that are proposed for further schema matching. We conduct extensive experiments on a real-world DL that proves the success of our approach in effectively detecting similar datasets for schema matching, with recall rates of more than 85% and efficiency improvements above 70%. We empirically show the computational cost saving in space and time by applying our approach in comparison to instance-based schema matching techniques.
Redox Homeostasis and Signaling in a Higher-CO2World
Authors: Foyer Christine H. , Noctor Graham
Published: May 2020

Rising CO2concentrations and their effects on plant productivity present challenging issues. Effects on the photosynthesis/photorespiration balance and changes in primary metabolism are known, caused by the competitive interaction of CO2and O2at the active site of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase. However, impacts on stress resistance are less clear. Reactive oxygen species are key players in biotic and abiotic stress responses, but there is no consensus on whether elevated CO2constitutes a stress. Although high CO2increases yield in C3plants, it can also increase cellular oxidation and activate phytohormone defense pathways. Reduction-oxidation processes play key roles in acclimation to high CO2, with specific enzymes acting in compartment-specific signaling. Traditionally, acclimation to high CO2has been considered in terms of altered carbon gain, but emerging evidence suggests that CO2is a signal as well as a substrate. Some CO2effects on defense are likely mediated independently of primary metabolism. Nonetheless, primary photosynthetic metabolism is highly integrated with defense and stress signaling pathways, meaning that plants will be able to acclimate to the changing environment over the coming decades.
The Small GTPase Superfamily in Plants: A Conserved Regulatory Module with Novel Functions
Authors: Nielsen Erik
Published: May 2020

Small GTP-binding proteins represent a highly conserved signaling module in eukaryotes that regulates diverse cellular processes such as signal transduction, cytoskeletal organization and cell polarity, cell proliferation and differentiation, intracellular membrane trafficking and transport vesicle formation, and nucleocytoplasmic transport. These proteins function as molecular switches that cycle between active and inactive states, and this cycle is linked to GTP binding and hydrolysis. In this review, the roles of the plant complement of small GTP-binding proteins in these cellular processes are described, as well as accessory proteins that control their activity, and current understanding of the functions of individual members of these families in plants—with a focus on the model organism Arabidopsis—is presented. Some potential novel roles of these GTPases in plants, relative to their established roles in yeast and/or animal systems, are also discussed.
Prediction of Reversible Lithium Plating with a Pseudo-3D Lithium-Ion Battery Model
Authors: Carelli Serena , Bessler Wolfgang G.
Published: May 2020

Fast charging of lithium-ion batteries remains one of the most delicate challenges for the automotive industry, being seriously affected by the formation of lithium metal in the negative electrode. Here we present a physicochemical pseudo-3D model that explicitly includes the plating reaction as side reaction running in parallel to the main intercalation reaction. The thermodynamics of the plating reaction are modeled depending on temperature and ion concentration, which differs from the often-used assumption of a constant plating condition of 0 V anode potential. The reaction kinetics are described with an Arrhenius-type rate law parameterized from an extensive literature research. Re-intercalation of plated lithium was modeled to take place either via reverse plating (solution-mediated) or via an explicit interfacial reaction (surface-mediated). At low temperatures not only the main processes (intercalation and solid-state diffusion) become slow, but also the plating reaction itself becomes slower. Using this model, we are able to predict typical macroscopic experimental observables that are indicative of plating, that is, a voltage plateau during discharge and a voltage drop upon temperature increase. A spatiotemporal analysis of the internal cell states allows a quantitative insight into the competition between intercalation and plating. Finally, we calculate operation maps over a wide range of C-rates and temperatures that allow to assess plating propensity as function of operating condition.
Hydrogen Sulfide Promotes Cardiomyocyte Proliferation and Heart Regeneration via ROS Scavenging
Authors: Pei Jianqiu , Wang Fang , Pei Shengqiang , Bai Ruifeng , Cong Xiangfeng , Nie Yu , Chen Xi
Published: May 2020

Neonatal mouse hearts can regenerate completely in 21 days after cardiac injury, providing an ideal model to exploring heart regenerative therapeutic targets. The oxidative damage by Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) is one of the critical reasons for the cell cycle arrest of cardiomyocytes (CMs), which cause mouse hearts losing the capacity to regenerate in 7 days or shorter after birth. As an antioxidant, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) plays a protective role in a variety of diseases by scavenging ROS produced during the pathological processes. In this study, we found that blocking H2S synthesis by PAG (H2S synthase inhibitor) suspended heart regeneration and CM proliferation with ROS deposition increase after cardiac injury (myocardial infarction or apex resection) in 2-day-old mice. NaHS (a H2S donor) administration improved heart regeneration with CM proliferation and ROS elimination after myocardial infarction in 7-day-old mice. NaHS protected primary neonatal mouse CMs from H2O2-induced apoptosis and promoted CM proliferation via SOD2-dependent ROS scavenging. The oxidative DNA damage in CMs was reduced with the elimination of ROS by H2S. Our results demonstrated for the first time that H2S promotes heart regeneration and identified NaHS as a potent modulator for cardiac repair.
High-Throughput Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulations towards the Identification of Potential Inhibitors against Human Coagulation Factor XIIa
Authors: Xu Dongfang , Xue Guangpu , Peng Bangya , Feng Zanjie , Lu Hongling , Gong Lihu
Published: May 2020

Human coagulation factor XIIa (FXIIa) is a trypsin-like serine protease that is involved in pathologic thrombosis. As a potential target for designing safe anticoagulants, FXIIa has received a great deal of interest in recent years. In the present study, we employed virtual high-throughput screening of 500,064 compounds within Enamine database to acquire the most potential inhibitors of FXIIa. Subsequently, 18 compounds with significant binding energy (from -65.195 to -15.726 kcal/mol) were selected, and their ADMET properties were predicted to select representative inhibitors. Three compounds (Z1225120358, Z432246974, and Z146790068) exhibited excellent binding affinity and druggability. MD simulation for FXIIa-ligand complexes was carried out to reveal the stability and inhibition mechanism of these three compounds. Through the inhibition of activated factor XIIa assay, we tested the activity of five compounds Z1225120358, Z432246974, Z45287215, Z30974175, and Z146790068, with pIC50 values of9.3∗10−7,3.0∗10−5,7.8∗10−7,8.7∗10−7, and1.3∗10−6 M, respectively; the AMDET properties of Z45287215 and Z30974175 show not well but have better inhibition activity. We also found that compounds Z1225120358, Z45287215, Z30974175, and Z146790068 could be more inhibition of FXIIa than Z432246974. Collectively, compounds Z1225120358, Z45287215, Z30974175, and Z146790068 were anticipated to be promising drug candidates for inhibition of FXIIa.
A Fractional-Order Discrete Noninvertible Map of Cubic Type: Dynamics, Control, and Synchronization
Authors: Liu Xiaojun , Hong Ling , Yang Lixin , Tang Dafeng
Published: May 2020

In this paper, a new fractional-order discrete noninvertible map of cubic type is presented. Firstly, the stability of the equilibrium points for the map is examined. Secondly, the dynamics of the map with two different initial conditions is studied by numerical simulation when a parameter or a derivative order is varied. A series of attractors are displayed in various forms of periodic and chaotic ones. Furthermore, bifurcations with the simultaneous variation of both a parameter and the order are also analyzed in the three-dimensional space. Interior crises are found in the map as a parameter or an order varies. Thirdly, based on the stability theory of fractional-order discrete maps, a stabilization controller is proposed to control the chaos of the map and the asymptotic convergence of the state variables is determined. Finally, the synchronization between the proposed map and a fractional-order discrete Loren map is investigated. Numerical simulations are used to verify the effectiveness of the designed synchronization controllers.
Prediction Model of Build Rate of Push-the-Bit Rotary Steerable System
Authors: Wang Meishan , Li Xiaojun , Wang Ge , Huang Wenjun , Fan Yongtao , Luo Wei , Zhang Jiange , Zhang Junfeng , Shi Xiaolei
Published: May 2020

The accurate prediction of build rate of rotary steerable system (RSS) is the prerequisite for the precise control of wellbore trajectory and optimal design of the steerable tool. Push-the-bit RSS refers to a steerable drilling system that controls well trajectory through adjustment of stretch length of pushing block. Based on this feature, a three-dimensional mechanical model of push-the-bit RSS is established on the basis of the conventional steerable tool mechanical model while considering pushing force. Meanwhile, the effects of bit cutting performance and formation anisotropy are considered. Next, the lateral force method, inclination trend angle method, and ultimate build rate method based on zero lateral force are analyzed and a new ultimate build rate method based on zero lateral drilling penetration is built. A conversion coefficient is introduced to reflect the ratio of actual build rate to theoretical build rate. At last, the new model is applied to a case study. The new method is superior to other previous methods, because the effects of bit-rock interaction and actual drilling process are sufficiently considered. The influence mechanism of build rate includes “leverage effect,” “pendulum effect,” and “pushing effect.” The build rate of steerable tool is a comprehensive outcome of various effects, of which the “pushing effect” plays a dominant role. With the increase of weight on bit (WOB), the proportion of “leverage effect” increases, while the proportion of “pushing effect” decreases, and therefore the build rate decreases.
Effects of Early Resveratrol Intervention on Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Function and Redox Status in Neonatal Piglets with or without Intrauterine Growth Retardation
Authors: Cheng Kang , Wang Ting , Li Simian , Song Zhihua , Zhang Hao , Zhang Lili , Wang Tian
Published: May 2020

Skeletal muscle mitochondrial malfunction of offspring induced by intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) may be a contributor to growth restriction and metabolic disorder at various periods of life. This study explored the effects of IUGR and resveratrol (RSV) on mitochondrial function and redox status in the longissimus dorsi muscle (LM) of piglets during the sucking period. A total of 36 pairs of IUGR and normal birth weight male piglets were orally fed with either 80 mg RSV/kg body weight/d or 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose sodium during days 7-21 after birth. The results showed that RSV treatment improved anomalous mitochondrial morphology, increased adenosine triphosphate and glycogen contents, and enhanced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide/reduced form of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide ratio in the LM of IUGR piglets. Moreover, the IUGR-induced increased malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl concentrations, abnormal mtDNA number, and suppressed genes expression of mitochondrial biogenesis such as nuclear respiratory factor 1, estrogen-related receptor alpha, and polymerase gamma in the LM were restored to some extent by RSV treatment. Additionally, RSV increased mitochondrial complex V activity in the LM of piglets. Collectively, RSV administration alleviated the LM mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative damage of IUGR piglets.
Effects of Methane Fermentation on Spectral Properties of Fulvic Acid Extracted from Peat through Liquid Acid Precipitation
Authors: Ma Li-Tong , Lu Ya-Nan , Wang Ya-Xiong
Published: May 2020

The effects of acid precipitation with different liquid acids on spectral properties of fulvic acid extracted from peat was studied to select the most appropriate liquid acid for the acid precipitation step of the alkali solution acid precipitation method, and the new process mechanism of peat utilization by coupling methane fermentation and extraction of fulvic acid was analyzed. The alkali solution acid precipitation method was adopted to extract fulvic acid from the methane-fermented group and methane-unfermented group. Different liquid acids were used to conduct acid precipitation during the extraction. And then, the characterizations of fulvic acid samples were conducted through Fourier infrared spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and fluorescence spectroscopy. The yield and content of fulvic acid decreased significantly after methane fermentation. During the methane fermentation process, some fulvic acid was consumed and utilized by microorganisms to promote the methane fermentation process, resulting both in the decrease of methyl, hydroxyl, and ether bonds and in the increase of methylene, carbonyl, conjugated double bond, benzene rings, and other groups. The E4/E6 ratio shows that the E4/E6 ratio of fulvic acid was decreased after methane fermentation, and the fermentation consumed the functional group with simpler structure such as aliphatic chain hydrocarbon of fulvic acid while the structure with a higher degree of aromatization and conjugate cannot be consumed. When conducting acid precipitation with different liquid acids, the yield of fulvic acid was the highest through acid precipitation with phosphoric acid. The fulvic acid obtained through acid precipitation with nitric acid has a higher content, more benzene rings, and the highest degree of aromatization.
Modeling and Parameter Optimization of Flexible NC Polishing Vibration of Abrasive Cloth Wheel Based on Sensitivity Analysis
Authors: Lin Xiaojun , Yang Rui , Xin Xiaopeng , Lei Zhaozhao , Sun Luzhou
Published: May 2020

The blisk is a typical cantilever beam structure, which is prone to vibration during the polishing process. This vibration will cause the polishing tool to wear seriously and reduce the surface quality of the blade.In order to control the vibration of polishing process, a method of predicting the RMS (root mean square) value of polishing vibration signal was proposed. Firstly, an empirical model of process parameters for polishing vibration was established by an orthogonal experiment. Then, based on the response surface and sensitivity analysis method, the stability range of the process parameters and the influence on the polishing vibration are obtained. Finally, through the polishing experiment, it is determined that the stable range of each process parameter is reliable. There is no significant vibration during the polishing process. By analyzing the surface texture and surface topography of the blade, the surface quality of the blade meets the requirements. The results showed that the optimal stability ranges of significant parameters through sensitivity analysis are compression depth within [0.6 mm, 0.9 mm], spindle speed within [6000 r/min, 7500 r/min], feed rate within [0.4 mm/min, 0.6 mm/min], and granularity within [400#, 600#]. This study provides a basis for the theoretical research of polishing vibration in the flexible polishing process and the relationship between process parameters and polishing vibration.
Research on the Fault Diagnosis Method for Rolling Bearings Based on Improved VMD and Automatic IMF Acquisition
Authors: Zhang Ying , Wang Anchen
Published: May 2020

This paper proposes a novel method to improve the variational mode decomposition (VMD) method and to automatically acquire the sensitive intrinsic mode function (IMF). First, since fault signals are impulsive and periodic, a weighted autocorrelative function maximum (AFM) indicator is constructed based on the Gini index and autocorrelation function to serve as the optimization objective function. The mode number K and the penalty parameter α of VMD are automatically obtained through an optimal parameter searching process underpinned by the improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm with a variety of inertia weights. This improvement solves one of the major drawbacks of the conventional VMD method, that is, the need to manually set parameters. Then, an optimal IMF automatic selecting process is performed for single-failure faults and compound faults, according to the principles of the maximum weighted AFM indicator and maximum spectrum peak ratio (SPR), respectively. The sensitive IMFs are then subjected to an envelope demodulation analysis to obtain the fault characteristic frequency. The results of simulations and experiments show that the proposed method can effectively identify fault characteristics early, especially compound faults, demonstrating great potential for real-world applications.
Design and Verification of Aeroengine Rotor Speed Controller Based on U-LADRC
Authors: Chen Jiajie , Wang Jiqiang , Liu Yunxiao , Hu Zhongzhi
Published: May 2020

Due to the harsh working environment, engine electronic controller (EEC) has limited computing power. Many advanced control algorithms are difficult to be applied in practice because of complexity of calculation. In this paper, a novel aeroengine transient-speed controller with low algorithm complexity is designed by combining linear parameter varying (LPV) model with U-control theory. Aiming at restraining bad performance influence caused by possible disturbance in cruise, linear active disturbance rejection control (LADRC) compensation is integrated as the U-LADRC controller. This new controller is verified in both the digital simulation platform and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) platform. The experimental results of the HIL platform show that the U-LADRC control algorithm meets the real-time performance of the EEC in the actual aeroengine. It has good transition state control performance and good steady-state antidisturbance ability, which ensures the smooth operation of the engine in the steady state and has a good practical application prospect.
Influence of Artery Straightening on Local Hemodynamics in Left Anterior Descending (LAD) Artery after Stent Implantation
Authors: Liu Pengfei , Deng Xiaoyan , Liu Xiao , Sun Anqiang , Kang Hongyan
Published: May 2020

Objectives. The study investigates local hemodynamic environment changes caused by straightening phenomenon and the relationship between straightening phenomenon and in-stent restenosis. Background. Intravascular intervention is an effective treatment in restoring the normal flow conditions and vascular lumen. Unfortunately, in-stent restenosis often occurs in a subset of patients after stent implantation and limits the success of stent implantation outcomes. The implanted stent usually causes artery straightening locally, rather than coinciding and adjusting to the physiological curve exactly. Artery straightening would apparently modify the artery geometry and therefore alter the local hemodynamic environment, which may result in intimal hyperplasia and restenosis after stenting implantation. Methods. In the current investigation, we verify the hypothesis that the artery straightening influences the local hemodynamic state using the different 3D CT models. Flow analysis for blood in the left anterior descending coronary artery and the straightening model is simulated numerically. Result. The current results reveal that the straightening phenomenon alters the distribution of wall shear stress and flow patterns, decreases the wall shear stress (WSS), and increases the oscillatory shear index (OSI) and the relative residence time (RRT), especially at the proximal and distal areas of stenting. Conclusions. The local straightened geometry established after stent implantation was likely to generate portions of the stenting area to a high risk of neointimal hyperplasia and subsequent restenosis.
User Association Strategy for Energy Efficiency and Interference Mitigation of Heterogeneous Networks
Authors: Achki Samira , Aziz Layla , Gharnati Fatima , Ait Ouahman Abdellah
Published: May 2020

The necessity of the use of several mobile services increases every day. This requires the consumption of energy rates. Hence, minimizing the energy and interferences of mobile users are major concerns of Heterogeneous Networks (HetNet). This paper aims to improve the energy of mobile users by minimizing a weighted function. To consider significant weights values, we have exploited the multicriteria AHP method. The cost function represents the cost of users toward available BS. It includes the essential criteria influencing energy consumption. Moreover, we introduce an optimal user association based on their minimal cost values. Simulation results prove that the optimal method has saved more energy and reduced network interferences.
Robust Locally Weighted Regression for Profile Measurement of Magnesium Alloy Tube in Hot Bending Process
Authors: Yao Zhibin , Wang Rongjun , Zhi Jinning , Shi Qinglu
Published: May 2020

Section flattening often occurs in the hot bending process of magnesium alloy tube with large curvature. In order to control the forming quality of the tube, it is necessary to measure the section profile of the magnesium alloy pipe online. In this paper, the laser vision system is used to measure the profile of magnesium alloy tube. Due to the influence of the environment and the surface quality of the pipe, there are obviously isolated outliers in the profile data, which seriously affects the accuracy and precision of the tube measurement. An outlier identification algorithm based on robust locally weighted regression and PaйTa criterion is proposed. This algorithm is used to identify the typically isolated outliers in the measurement process and discuss its identification ability. Meanwhile, it is compared with the moving mean identifier and the Hampel identifier. Subsequently, the ellipse fitting of profile data was carried out, and the fitting ellipse parameters and fitting precision of the curved section were obtained. At the same time, the fitting results were compared before and after the outliers are eliminated. The experiment proves that the outlier identification method based on robust locally weighted regression and PaйTa criterion can effectively identify outliers in profile data, especially for spot outliers. This algorithm is a robust, accurate, and efficient outlier identification method, which can effectively improve the laser profile measurement accuracy of the pipe section and has great significance for the quality control of magnesium alloy tube.
Experimental Study on Loading Capacity of Glued‐Laminated Timber Arches Subjected to Vertical Concentrated Loads
Authors: Zhou Jiale , Li Chuanxi , Ke Lu , He Jun , Wang Zhifeng
Published: May 2020

Glued‐laminated timber arches are widely used in gymnasiums, bridges, and roof trusses. However, studies on their mechanical behaviours and design methods are still insufficient. This paper investigates the in‐plane loading capacity of circular glued‐laminated timber arches made of Douglas fir. Experiments were conducted on four timber‐arch models with different rise‐to‐span ratios under concentrated loads at mid‐span and quarter‐point locations. The structural responses, failure modes, and loading capacity of the timber arch specimens were obtained. The results show that the timber arches presented symmetric and antisymmetric deformation under mid‐point and quarter‐point loading conditions, respectively. The downward shifting of the neutral axis of the cross section was observed under mid‐point loading condition, which contributes to higher loading capacity compared to that under quarter‐point loading condition. The loading condition significantly affects the ultimate loads and the strain distribution in the cross section. Based on the design formula in current standards for timber structures, an equivalent beam‐column method was introduced to estimate the loading capacity of the laminated timber arches under vertical concentrated loads. The moment amplification factor in the formula was compared and discussed, and the value provided in the National Design Specification for Wood Construction was recommended with acceptable accuracy.
Influence of Pier Settlement on Structural Stress of Longitudinal Connected Track in High‐Speed Railways
Authors: Fang Hui
Published: May 2020

Pier settlement is unavoidable in the construction and operation of high‐speed railways. This paper presents a work on the influence of pier settlement on additional structural stress of longitudinal connected track (LCT). First of all, the generation mechanism of additional structural stress of LCT caused by pier settlement is described in detail. On this basis, the deformation of LCT caused by pier settlement is analytically deduced and a dynamic model of high‐speed train‐LCT‐bridge coupled system considering pier settlement is established based on the train‐track‐bridge dynamic interaction theory, adopting which the additional structural stresses of LCT are discussed from static and dynamic perspectives. Results show that pier settlement has a great influence on the stability of LCT. Additional tensile stresses of LCT appear at settlement pier location and two adjacent pier locations. Tensile stresses on top surface of slab and on bottom surface of base should be paid attention to. The behaviors of LCT at adjacent pier locations cannot be ignored in studying the influence of pier settlement on the system. To ensure the stability of LCT and running performance of train, the control value of pier settlement is suggested to be 10.5 mm from the static and dynamic perspectives in practical engineering.
A Complex Fault Diagnostic Approach of Active Distribution Network Based on SBS-SFS Optimized Multi-SVM
Authors: Liu Keyan , Dong Weijie , Dong Huanyu , Wei Jia , Xiao Shiwu
Published: May 2020

After renewable energy distributed generator (DG) is connected to the power grid, traditional diverse-electric-information-based fault diagnosis approaches are not suitable for an active distributed network (ADN) due to the weak characteristics of fault current. Thus, this paper proposes a comprehensive nonformula fault diagnostic approach of ADN using only voltage as input. In the preprocess, sequential forward selection (SFS) and sequential backward selection (SBS) are utilized to optimize the input feature matrix of the sample in order to reduce the information redundancy of multiple measuring points in ADN. Then, a single “1-a-1” support vector machine (SVM) classifier is used for fault identification, and a multi-SVM, with radial basis function (RBF) as the kernel function, is applied to identify the location and fault type. To prove the proposed method is adaptable for ADN, two direct drive fans are used as a DG to test the IEEE 33 node model at every 10% of the line under three operating conditions that include all cases of distributed power generation in ADN. Results comparing real-time and historical data show that the proposed multi-SVM model reaches an average fault type diagnosis accuracy of 97.27%, with a fault identification accuracy of 96%. A backpropagation neural network is then compared to the proposed model. The results show the superior performance of the SBS-SFS optimized multi-SVM. This model can be usefully applied to the fault diagnosis of new energy sources with distributed power access to distribution networks.
Intelligent Deep Adversarial Network Fault Diagnosis Method Using Semisupervised Learning
Authors: Xu Juan , Shi Yongfang , Shi Lei , Ren Zihui , Lu Yang
Published: May 2020

In recent years, deep learning has become a popular issue in the intelligent fault diagnosis of industrial equipment. Under practical working conditions, although the collected vibration data are of large capacity, most of the vibration data are not labeled. Collecting and labeling sufficient fault data for each condition are unrealistic. Therefore, constructing a reliable fault diagnosis model with a small amount of labeled vibration data is a significant problem. In this paper, the vibration time-domain signal of the fault bearing is transformed into a 2-dimensional image by wavelet transform to obtain the time-frequency domain information of the original data. A deep adversarial convolutional neural network based on semisupervised learning is proposed. A large amount of fake data generated by the generator and unlabeled true vibration data are used in the discriminator to learn the overall distribution of data by judging the authenticity of the input. Three regular terms for different loss functions are designed to constrain the parameters of the discriminator to improve the learning ability of the model. The proposed method is validated by two bearing fault diagnosis cases. The experiment results show that the proposed method has higher diagnostic accuracy than traditional deep models on multigroup small datasets of different capacities. The proposed method provides a new solution to the fault diagnosis problem with large vibration data but few labels.
Investigation of Bending, Sound Absorption, and Damping Properties of AZ91D‐Swivel Plate
Authors: Annamalai Saravanan , Periyakgoundar Suresh , Paramasivam Kumaravel , Selvaraj Aravindha Balaji
Published: May 2020

A comparison was made between Mg alloy and A3 steel on weight, bending, sound absorption, and vibration conditions. In this study, a swivel plate, which is used in rotating car seats, is to be taken into consideration for finding bending, natural frequency, and frequency under static loading conditions. The swivel plate is generally made up of A3 steel plate; instead, we have replaced that with Mg alloy (AZ91D) plate. Stiffness, flexural strength, natural frequency, frequency under different static loading conditions, and sound absorption capacity were obtained through experimental methods. Finally, it was concluded that the damping capacity of Mg alloy of swivel plate is higher, has better stiffness, and incurred weight reduction by 26.58% less than that of the A3 steel. Also, the Mg alloy material exhibits better specific flexural strength, and specific flexural modulus and sound absorption coefficient are 11.76% and 25% higher than those of A3 steel at higher frequency level (2000 Hz) and at lower frequency level (100 Hz).
Posttranslational Regulation of the Exon Skipping Machinery Controls Aberrant Splicing in Leukemia
Authors: Zhou Yalu , Han Cuijuan , Wang Eric , Lorch Adam H. , Serafin Valentina , Cho Byoung-Kyu , Gutierrez Diaz Blanca T. , Calvo Julien , Fang Celestia , Khodadadi-Jamayran Alireza , Tabaglio Tommaso , Marier Christian , Kuchmiy Anna , Sun Limin , Yacu George , Filip Szymon K. , Jin Qi , Takahashi Yoh-Hei , Amici David R. , Rendleman Emily J. , Rawat Radhika , Bresolin Silvia , Paganin Maddalena , Zhang Cheng , Li Hu , Kandela Irawati , Politanska Yuliya , Abdala-Valencia Hiam , Mendillo Marc L. , Zhu Ping , Palhais Bruno , Van Vlierberghe Pieter , Taghon Tom , Aifantis Iannis , Goo Young Ah , Guccione Ernesto , Heguy Adriana , Tsirigos Aristotelis , Wee Keng Boon , Mishra Rama K. , Pflumio Francoise , Accordi Benedetta , Basso Giuseppe , Ntziachristos Panagiotis
Published: May 2020

Splicing alterations are common in diseases such as cancer, where mutations in splicing factor genes are frequently responsible for aberrant splicing. Here we present an alternative mechanism for splicing regulation in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) that involves posttranslational stabilization of the splicing machinery via deubiquitination. We demonstrate there are extensive exon skipping changes in disease, affecting proteasomal subunits, cell-cycle regulators, and the RNA machinery. We present that the serine/arginine-rich splicing factors (SRSF), controlling exon skipping, are critical for leukemia cell survival. The ubiquitin-specific peptidase 7 (USP7) regulates SRSF6 protein levels via active deubiquitination, and USP7 inhibition alters the exon skipping pattern and blocks T-ALL growth. The splicing inhibitor H3B-8800 affects splicing of proteasomal transcripts and proteasome activity and acts synergistically with proteasome inhibitors in inhibiting T-ALL growth. Our study provides the proof-of-principle for regulation of splicing factors via deubiquitination and suggests new therapeutic modalities in T-ALL.

Significance:

Our study provides a new proof-of-principle for posttranslational regulation of splicing factors independently of mutations in aggressive T-cell leukemia. It further suggests a new drug combination of splicing and proteasomal inhibitors, a concept that might apply to other diseases with or without mutations affecting the splicing machinery.

This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1241
Bempegaldesleukin (NKTR-214) plus Nivolumab in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors: Phase I Dose-Escalation Study of Safety, Efficacy, and Immune Activation (PIVOT-02)
Authors: Diab Adi , Tannir Nizar M. , Bentebibel Salah-Eddine , Hwu Patrick , Papadimitrakopoulou Vassiliki , Haymaker Cara , Kluger Harriet M. , Gettinger Scott N. , Sznol Mario , Tykodi Scott S. , Curti Brendan D. , Tagliaferri Mary A. , Zalevsky Jonathan , Hannah Alison L. , Hoch Ute , Aung Sandra , Fanton Christie , Rizwan Ahsan , Iacucci Ernesto , Liao Yijie , Bernatchez Chantale , Hurwitz Michael E. , Cho Daniel C.
Published: May 2020

This single-arm, phase I dose-escalation trial (NCT02983045) evaluated bempegaldesleukin (NKTR-214/BEMPEG), a CD122-preferential IL2 pathway agonist, plus nivolumab in 38 patients with selected immunotherapy-naïve advanced solid tumors (melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, and non–small cell lung cancer). Three dose-limiting toxicities were reported in 2 of 17 patients during dose escalation [hypotension (n = 1), hyperglycemia (n = 1), metabolic acidosis (n = 1)]. The most common treatment-related adverse events (TRAE) were flu-like symptoms (86.8%), rash (78.9%), fatigue (73.7%), and pruritus (52.6%). Eight patients (21.1%) experienced grade 3/4 TRAEs; there were no treatment-related deaths. Total objective response rate across tumor types and dose cohorts was 59.5% (22/37), with 7 complete responses (18.9%). Cellular and gene expression analysis of longitudinal tumor biopsies revealed increased infiltration, activation, and cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells, without regulatory T-cell enhancement. At the recommended phase II dose, BEMPEG 0.006 mg/kg plus nivolumab 360 mg every 3 weeks, the combination was well tolerated and demonstrated encouraging clinical activity irrespective of baseline PD-L1 status.

Significance:

These data show that BEMPEG can be successfully combined with a checkpoint inhibitor as dual immunotherapy for a range of advanced solid tumors. Efficacy was observed regardless of baseline PD-L1 status and baseline levels of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, suggesting therapeutic potential for patients with poor prognostic risk factors for response to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade.

See related commentary by Rouanne et al., p. 1097.

This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1079
Vicissitudes das adolescências na semiliberdade
Authors: Moreira Jacqueline De Oliveira , Rodrigues Bianca Ferreira , Morganti Juliana
Published: May 2020

Parte-se de uma pesquisa que investigou como o caso movimenta as equipes das medidas socioeducativas de semiliberdade, para, no presente artigo, deixar-se levar também pelo caso como um fio condutor de análises e reflexões que demonstram as particularidades contidas num contexto generalizado de pobreza e marginalização. Assim, nosso objetivo é o de complementar a literatura existente acerca das medidas socioeducativas apresentando as particularidades das adolescências com que nos deparamos a partir do encontro com os profissionais da semiliberdade. O método empregado pretende produzir uma reflexão de forma a articular as singularidades dos casos com a literatura específica. Estruturou-se o presente artigo em três tópicos: primeiramente, nas adolescências com foco na constituição do eu e do corpo próprio e sua relação com as condutas de risco; em seguida, reflete-se sobre a relação do adolescente com a família, mais especificamente no que se refere ao conflito geracional; e, por fim, pensa-se as dificuldades na transmissão geracional. Concluiu-se que a abordagem do caso-a-caso se faz essencial para a construção de um olhar acerca dos adolescentes em situação de judicialização que vá para além dos esteriótipos e localize ali o sujeito e suas questões.