bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Complete blood count in cows in the peripartal period and the relationship to the indicators of metabolic stress
Authors: Cincović Marko , Starič Jože , Ježek Jožica , Majkić Mira , Nikolić Sandra , Blond Bojan , Obradović Nemanja , Kovačević Dražen
Published: June 2024

Lactation and metabolic rearrangement significantly influence hematological parameters. The red bloodline of early lactation cows is characterized by hypochromic changes in erythrocytes and a reduced number of erythrocytes. The reduced concentration of hemoglobin is linked to milk production, since a higher hemoglobin concentration was found in heifers (which are not naturally lactating). The number of neutrophils was the highest in the first week after parturition, while the number of lymphocytes was the lowest in the same period, so the neutrophil:lymphocyte index was the highest in this period. The number of eosinophils increased slightly during the experimental period, while the number of monocytes was the highest in the first week and then decreased. Such changes in the differential white line occur as a consequence of the action of acute stress and a sudden jump in the concentration of cortisol, which has shown its effect on immune cells. In white cattle, NEFA as an indicator of metabolic stress leads to a drop in the total number of leukocytes, and cows classified according to the NEFA and cortisol criteria show an increased percentage of neutrophils, a decreased percentage of lymphocytes, an increased N:L ratio, a decreased percentage of eosinophils and an increased percentage of monocytes. The influence of cortisol on the parameters of the blood count only exists in the first week because the concentration of cortisol rises sharply and then sharply decreases in the first few days after calving, while the concentration of NEFA rises slightly and is often persistent in the first weeks of lactation, which indicates a negative energy balance . In the study of the influence of metabolic stress indicators on the value of the parameters of the blood count, it was found that the classification of cows according to the values of NEFA and cortisol gives significant differences in the red and white bloodlines, which confirms the importance of peripartum metabolic stress caused by parturition and lactation in the response of the blood count in cows.
Heat stress impact on sheep production
Authors: Čukić Aleksandar , Cincović Marko , Đoković Radojica , Rakonjac Simeon , Petrović Milun , Petrović Miloš
Published: June 2024

Research on the impact of heat stress on animals has mainly been related to cattle, while sheep have been neglected and the impact of heat stress on sheep production is still insufficiently researched. There are numerous stressors related to the procedures and methods of breeding sheep in barns and pastures among them ambient temperature is the most important variable because its effect is exacerbated in the presence of high humidity. Thermal indices are useful for assessing the influence of weather parameters in a certain agroecological area, of which the temperature-humidity index proved to be the best thermal index for assessing the harmful effect of heat stress on the productive performance of animals. Sheep have good adaptability and they are resistant to harsh environmental conditions, still in addition to a certain tolerance to heat stress, high temperatures can negatively affect sheep, which most often leads to dehydration, reduced appetite, reduced milk production and increased risk of disease. Mechanisms that help sheep to survive the challenge of heat stress include morphological, behavioural, physiological, blood biochemistry and genetic bases of adaptation. Sheep can combat heat stress by seeking shade, drinking enough water, and properly ventilating the barn. Increasing the productivity of sheep by adapting various management strategies including housing and animal management and climate monitoring may enhance production capacity of the herd. Therefore, heat stress has a negative effect on sheep, temperatures will increase year by year, and therefore it is necessary to investigate the relationship between sheep production and heat stress in time, to improve sheep farming and make life easier in the days ahead.
The relationship of the metabolism of iron, organic matter and phlebotomy with the erythropoiesis of ruminants
Authors: Grubač Siniša , Cincović Marko , Starič Jože , Došenović Marinković , Delić-Vujanović Biljana , Prodanov-Radulović Jasna
Published: June 2024

Erythropesis is the process of making red blood cells and it is related to numerous factors in the body. Iron is important because of its role in the process of making hemoglobin. In addition to the mentioned iron, it is an indirect indicator of inflammation and is regulated at the systemic and cellular level, so its lack speaks of the overall health status of individuals. Fe deficiency in the body takes place through three phases. In the first phase, there is emptying of tissue depots, but its total amount in the circulation increases, then follows the second phase or the phase of real deficit with decreasing concentration of serum iron and hemoglobin, and the third phase is the phase in which the significance of iron deficit is clinically seen. Iron deficiency disrupts all aspects of erythropoiesis. Therefore, first the iron reserves are used up, then with the decrease of transported iron, erythropoiesis changes, and when the availability of this iron is completely reduced, anemia will occur due to iron deficiency. Lipid metabolism also plays a very important role in the functioning of hematopoietic stem cells. Fatty acid oxidation is the main catabolic pathway by which energy is produced in hematopoietic stem cells. Long-chain fatty acids are activated in the cytosol and transported to the mitochondria by the transport system. In them, beta oxidation takes place through several known stages, creating acetyl coenzyme A, which starts the cycle of tricarboxylic acids. Deletion of the gene for regulation of fatty acid oxidation causes hematopoiesis stem cells to lose their potential to reconstruct and maintain themselves. Due to the importance of lipolysis in ruminants and the fact that stem cells are found in the lipidrich niches of bone marrow, we will also consider the relationship between bone marrow adipocytes and hematopoiesis. Chronic phlebotomy in rams or Fe deficiency due to inflammation and fatty liver in cows lead to specific changes in red blood cell and blood metabolites. All of the above shows that it is necessary to know the metabolic flows in order to better understand erythropoiesis in ruminants.
UV-B light irradiation during automatic milking for vitamin D supplementation in dairy cows
Authors: Hodnik Jaka , Jankovec Marko , Ježek Jožica , Krusic Žiga , Mitterhofer Stefan , Starič Jože
Published: June 2024

Vitamin D has a significant role in mineral metabolism, bone tissue homeostasis, and immunity. Cattle can synthetize vitamin D in the skin in a linear dose dependent manner of ultraviolet irradiation. The objectives of this study were to investigate the possibility of vitamin D supplementation with narrow-band UV-B irradiation during automatic milking time and to determine the influence of hair and pigmentation of skin and hair on cutaneous vitamin D3 synthesis in dairy cows. Holstein Friesian cows from one farm were enrolled into the study. A narrow-band UV-B light (peak irradiation at 295 nm) was custom-made and mounted into the automatic milking system. Cows were split into three equal random groups using stratified sampling based on milk yield in the previous lactation, days after calving and the percentage of black area on their back. The first group was shaved and exposed to a daily dose during automatic milking, the second group was left unshaved and irradiated during the automatic milking with maximal possible dose and the third group served as control. The cows were blood sampled before and 60 days after the start of irradiation. The concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was measured using an automated immune enzyme fluorescence assay. The increase in the 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations before and after the irradiation was statistically significant (p>0.001) between the shaved, unshaved and control groups. The irradiated groups shaved and unshaved produced more milk per day than the control group. Narrow-band UV-B LED light limited to automatic milking time was successful in increasing the concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in Holstein Friesian cows. Hair was reducing cutaneous vitamin D production. UV-B irradiation of cows during automatic miking is a novel way of vitamin D supplementation that does not expose farm equipment and personnel to UV-B irradiation and does not interfere with the daily routine on farm.
Biosecurity measures on ruminant farms
Authors: Hristov Slavča , Stanković Branislav , Starič Jože , Nakov Dimitar , Prodanov-Radulović Jasna , Milovanović Bojan , Chantziaras Ilias , Allepuz Alberto
Published: June 2024

In many scientific papers, the term biosecurity measures (BSMs) are defined as the implementation of segregation, sanitation or management procedures specifically designed to reduce the likelihood of the introduction, establishment, survival or spread of a potential pathogen into, within or from a farm or geographical area. The main BSMs (general external and internal BSMs related to newly introduced animals, farm workers, family members, visitors and service providers, vehicles, tools and equipment, location of farms, water and feed, control programs, management practices, handling of raw materials, work procedures, training, plans and records), based on literature data, guides, instructions, recommendation codes and checklists, are presented in the paper. In addition to the BSMs mentioned, the importance of segregation, cleaning and disinfection is emphasized. The most important and effective part of biosecurity is to keep infected animals and contaminated material away from non-infected animals. Cleaning and disinfecting barns, vehicles and equipment, especially boots and clothing, is a very effective way to minimize the transmission of disease to or between animals. It is very important to implement BSMs as a long-standing and successful practice on farms to maintain animal health. These measures should be included in a comprehensive biosecurity plan, which is tailored to farms characteristics and needs that must be fully implemented. A biosecurity plan and the design and implementation of biosecurity programs should address how farmers handle animals, vehicles and human access to the farm, as well as animal health and work procedures. Key BSMs should be followed on an ongoing basis and, working with veterinarians, farmers themselves can play an important role in keeping animals and production as healthy as possible. It is important to regularly assess the implementation of BSMs using appropriate questionnaires, which can highlight deficiencies that should be addressed immediately.
In vitro stability of hormones in cow blood samples
Authors: Kovačević Danijel , Kovačević Dražen , Kovačević Vanja , Majkić Mira , Đoković Radojica , Cincović Marko
Published: June 2024

Hormones are very important in cows because they participate in the orchestrated rearrangement of the organism for the coming lactation (homeoresis) and as such have great diagnostic and prognostic significance, so maintaining their stability in the sample is of crucial importance. Three hundred samples originating from dairy cows in different periods of lactation participated in this research. The samples were divided into 6 groups: according to the time from sampling to processing in the laboratory (0-4h, 4-8h and over 8h) and according to the presence of pre-analytical factors (group with hemolysis, group transported at ambient temperature and group with small sample volume). he samples were left at +4°C and were tested once a day during 6 days of sample storage. Samples that were placed at -20°C were tested once a month for 6 months. The maximum permissible instability calculated on the basis of analytical and intraindividual variability ranged from 6.2 to 6.8 % (T3, T4, STH. IGF-I and progesterone) and up to 7.1 to 7.2 % (for insulin and cortisol) and it is considered that the sample has lost its stability if during the time there is a change in the value of the parameters in a percentage above this maximum determined value. The lowest stability at +4°C was shown by progesterone, which can be stored for up to 48 hours. Next was insulin, which can be stable for up to 3 days in a sample affected by preanalytical errors, but was more stable in samples not affected by preanalytical errors. Cortisol, T3 and T4 have less stability and can be stored for up to 4 or 5 days if the sample is loaded with pre-analytical errors. With frozen samples, no significant decrease in stability was found during the experimental period. The stability of endocrinological parameters is influenced by the properties of hormones and the existence of pre-analytical errors in the test tube.
Severe adverse impact of bovine viral diarrhea on cattle production: A comprehensive approach to control
Authors: Kurćubić Vladimir , Dmitrić Marko , Živković Saša , Petrović Miloš
Published: June 2024

Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is caused by a pestivirus known as BVDV and is one of the most important infectious diseases of cattle, with a huge economic impact worldwide. The most important source of infection are persistently infected (PI) and diseased cattle. In addition to cattle infection, BVDV infection has been diagnosed in sheep, goats, pigs and wild ruminants (roe deer, deer, bison), as reservoirs of the virus and sources of infection in cattle herds. The consequences of BVDV infections are abortions in pregnant animals, poor female conception, mummification and congenital malformations of fetuses, respiratory problems, transplacental infections and fetal death, neonatal and postnatal mortality, mucosal diseases, slowed growth and poorer performance of surviving animals. Hemorrhagic syndrome (with thrombocytopenia and hemorrhage) is caused exclusively by non-cytopathogenic (NCP) BVDV genotype 2, i.e. virulent strains. The basis of the control program is the prevention of intrauterine infection by identifying and removing PI animals from the cattle herd. The high prevalence of BVDV in cattle worldwide and in Serbia is a danger and causes extremely high economic losses, preventing international trade in breeding and fattening cattle with EU countries, primarily due to uneven approaches or lack of control programs. There are suggestions that the control of the disease in Serbia could be based on a voluntary BVDV eradication program at the herd level, based on four phases, which includes frequent diagnostic tests, removal of PI animals from the herd and introduction of strict biosecurity measures. Certification and register of herds with BVDV free status could be done through the Veterinary Administration.
The significance and methods of assessment of blood parameter variability in veterinary medicine
Authors: Nikolić Sandra , Galfi-Vukomanović Annamaria , Majkić Mira , Spasojević Jovan , Galić Ivan , Kukurić Tijana
Published: June 2024

Changes within an individual during re-evaluation within a certain period are referred to as intraindividual variations, and they are determined by the intraindividual coefficient of variation (CVi), which indicates the degree of variability of the sample results in comparison to the population's arithmetic mean. A higher CVi denotes less stability of the investigated parameter and greater variability within the individual. By calculating CVi from repeated measurements, one can estimate how much the measured parameters fluctuate in an individual over time. The ratio of individual and group biological variation represents the index of individuality (IoI) for the examined analyte. This index determines whether it is more appropriate to use population-based reference intervals or subject-based reference intervals for a particular analyte, i.e. predicts the utility of the reference intervals. It also suggests that if intraindividual biological variation is greater than interindividual variation, (individuality index is ≥ 1.4), population-based reference intervals will be most useful for all individuals. If intraindividual biological variation is less than the interindividual variation (individuality index is ≤ 0.6), then the RCV value (reference change value, or RCV) should be used. Calculating the RCV value is a method used to determine whether the difference in two consecutive analyses is significant and biologically relevant, taking into account factors related to laboratory activity (preanalytical and analytical error), as well as factors related to normal intraindividual biological variation. Finally, determining the number of samples required for assessing the homeostatic setting point is another method used to evaluate intraindividual variability. In veterinary medicine, it is essential to understand the intraindividual variability of blood parameters to accurately diagnose patients and monitor their health. Subtle changes over time that may suggest a progression or regression of the disease can be detected by the use of intraindividual variability methods. Additionally, the response to treatment can be monitored and, if necessary, adjusted.
Physiological role, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of niacin in cows
Authors: Petrović Kosta , Stojanović Dragica , Štrbac Filip , Hristovska Talija
Published: June 2024

Vitamin B3 (Niacin, Vitamin PP) is a combination of two chemical structures, nicotinic acid, i.e. niacin and nicotinamide. Niacin is not classified directly as a vitamin because the body synthesizes it under normal metabolic conditions and almost completely satisfies the body's needs. Considering that for its production in cows it must have enough tryptophan and there must be sufficient food intake and conditions in the rumen, niacin is a very important vitamin that must be supplemented. Niacin is extremely important for a large number of metabolic and energetic activities, and the precursor of niacin is the amino acid tryptophan. The biochemical function of nicotinic acid and nicotinamide is realized through the function of coenzymes, because these vitamers are included in the composition of coenzymes NAD+ and NADP+, which are components of about 150 different enzymes, hence the importance of niacin for energy metabolism. More important metabolic processes that are linked to the influence of niacin through coenzymes are anabolic processes such as the synthesis of nucleic acids and lipids, where NADPH is the reducing agent. In catabolic processes, it should be emphasized the participation of NAD in a greater number of oxidation-reduction reactions, in which the role of NAD is to transfer electrons from the highest energy level, which is what these reactions are known for. Niacin shows antilipolytic action, affects carbohydrate metabolism and reduces insulin resistance, and has an anti-inflammatory effect. All of the above indicates that niacin is important in cows under metabolic stress, so this paper describes its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in detail.
Technopaties in dairy cows: Peritarsal lesions
Authors: Slatinek David , Toplak Andrej , Prevolnik-Povše Maja , Cincović Marko , Marzel Rok , Starič Jože
Published: June 2024

Technopathies in dairy cows represent a complex interplay between technological advancements, management practices, and animal health. While technological innovations have undoubtedly improved efficiency and productivity, they also introduce new challenges, particularly in relation to the health and welfare of dairy cows. Lameness associated with claw pathology is one of a prevalent technopathy in dairy cows. However, it can be associated also by other pathologies, including peritarsal lesions. This paper aims to explore the peritarsal lesions in dairy cows, their prevalence in selected Slovenian herds and their connection to flooring and cubicle type. Tarsal region was evaluated in 16 dairy herds in NE Slovenia. We assessed 881 dairy cows. Type (alopecia, erosions, decubitus, swelling) and size (up to 3 cm2 , < 20 cm2 , < 50 cm2 and >50 cm2 ) of lesions were documented. In all herds type of flooring and cubicles were recorded including their size and occupancy %. Results were statistically evaluated using descriptive statistics, correlations and ANOVA analysis. Significance was set at p<0.05. Out of 881, 373 (42.3%) had peritarsal lesions. The prevalence on herd level was from slightly above 2 to more than 70%. We noticed that peritarsal lesions are more prevalent in herds with high cubicles, than in those with deep cubicles. Cubicle occupancy rate statistically non-significantly influenced peritarsal health. Results of the study surprised us, as we have expected far lower prevalence of peritarsal lesions. A positive fact is that we also had a herd with very favorable status concerning hock lesions, which proves that much better situation in this issue can be achieved. Collaborative efforts among researchers, veterinarians, and farmers are essential for identifying key issues leading to technopathies, implementing effective mitigation strategies, and promoting sustainable dairy farming practices.
The importance of the innovative smaXtec technology for improving the reproductive efficiency of dairy cows
Authors: Todorović Srđan , Ružić Zoran , Jožef Ivica , Galić Ivan
Published: June 2024

This paper presents the results of research into the impact of a digital system for monitoring dairy cows, which is based on the permanent monitoring of three physiological parameters (using a bolus with sensors), based on which changes can be used to diagnose the onset of estrus. The experiment was carried out with the aim of examining the success of this technology in improving the reproductive efficiency of the spawn. The test was carried out on one farm on a total of 50 calving cows of the Simmental breed, optimal body condition, divided into two groups. In this longitudinal study, animals were monitored before and after using the digital system. In the control group there were 25 cows inseminated based on the observed symptoms of estrus by the farm staff, while the experimental group consisted of 25 cows that were bolus applied and insemination was performed after detection of estrus diagnosed by the digital system. The results of this research show that the value of conception in cows from the experimental group was 61.54% (16/26). In cows from the control group, the conception rate was 48.00% (12/25). The results of this work indicate that the examined digital technology can significantly improve the conception value of inseminated cows and thus contribute to improving the reproductive efficiency of the herd.
Ulcerative mamary dermatitis at dairy cows: Etiology, prevalence, gross pathology and staging
Authors: Toholj Bojan , Spasojević Jovan , Kureljušić Branislav , Galić Ivan , Zahirović Nedim
Published: June 2024

Ulcerative mammary dermatitis (UMD) also known as udder cleft dermatis first has been observed in England. Clinically it can be describet as a mammary skin disease which causes moist udder sores with foul smelling, very smilar to digital dermatitis (DD) lesins. Typical localization of UMD is a skin between the forequarter and abdominal wall, but it can also be found at the lower part of forequarter skin between papilas. Samples were collected from s Holstein Friesian dairy herd with recurrent cases of DD. The animals were kept in loose house systems with slatted and element floor. The clinical examination was performed during milking parlour using a lighted mirror device for easy acces and view. Tissue samples was taken from different stages of UMD, and fixed in formalin, and stained HE and WS. We also employed a PCR analysis to determine a Treponema presence in tissue samples. The prevalence of UMD was 4,3%, and always at milking cows, and no case at dry cows. We found all stages of this disease. Patohistological analyisis reveal epidermal thickening, paraceratosis, neutrophil infilitration, WS staining reveals a presence of spiral microorganisms in deep skin layers at lesion. In conclusion UMD can be determined as multifactorial disesase but with important role of Treponemas. Patohistology is characteristic and WS staining can reveal presence of spiral bacteria (Treponemas) in deep layers. Milking cows are more proun to develop this disease than dry cows.
Characteristics of cambic soils in the "Mrkonjićko" forest management area
Authors: Čigoja Ilija , Kapović Solomun , Eremija Saša , Češljar Goran
Published: June 2024

The paper presents the physical and chemical properties of brown soil on limestone, as well as dystric brown soil on silicate substrates. Research was conducted in the western part of the Republic of Srpska, on the territory of the forest management area "Mrkonjićko" in three forest management units and four compartments. The aim of the work is to analyze the properties of cambic soils in different ecological and vegetation conditions in the mentioned research area. Forests of beech, fir and spruce (Piceo-Abieti-Fagetum) are the most represented type of vegetation of the research object. A total of four basic pedological profiles were opened, and the laboratory analysis of the physical and chemical properties of the soil included a total of nine soil samples from the basic genetic horizons. For each Topola/Poplar 2024, 213, 5-15 www.ilfe.org 6 analyzed type of soil, classification belonging to lower systematic levels was carried out. Brown soil on limestone has one subtype: typical. Dystric brown soil includes two subtypes: typical and ilimerized. The physical properties of the investigated soils are generally favorable for the growth and development of vegetation, while the chemical properties indicate limited trophicity of both types of soil. The production potential of brown soil on limestone and acidic brown soil in the study area can be characterized as moderate.
Acleris lacordairana (Duponchel, 1836) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae): A new species in the fauna of the Republic of Serbia and Southern Europe found in the third level of protection of the Special Nature Reserve "Gornje Podunavlje"
Authors: Stojanović Dejan , Vajgand Dragan , Vasić Ivana , Latić Biljana
Published: June 2024

Acleris lacordairana (Duponchel, 1836) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Tortricini) was recorded for the first time for the fauna of the Republic of Serbia. The species was discovered during October 2023, in the "Gornje Podunavlje" Special Nature Reserve within the area of the third level of protection. Its findings in the middle of the Pannonian Basin are also the first documented findings of this species in Southern Europe. This study is the first contribution to the knowledge of the fauna of micromoths (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) in the "Gornje Podunavlje" Special Nature Reserve.
The emergence of technological innovations in digital hospitality: Literature review
Authors: Zrnić Miloš , Božić Aleksandar
Published: June 2024

The hospitality industry is undergoing a significant transformation driven by technological advancements, leading to the emergence of digital hospitality. This paper addresses the drivers, challenges and opportunities associated with the digitization of hospitality services, offering valuable insights for industry stakeholders. Through an exploration of case studies, industry trends and theoretical frameworks, this paper reveals the transformative power of digital hospitality and its implications for the future of the industry. The findings reveal that the adoption of technological innovations such as virtual reality, contactless technology and artificial intelligence are reshaping the way hospitality services are delivered and experienced. Industry leaders are using these technologies to improve customer experience, optimize operations and drive sustainability initiatives. Moreover, the paper highlights the importance of tailored strategies and interventions aimed at reducing waste, improving efficiency and meeting the growing demands of consumers in the digital era. Also, the paper emphasizes the need for companies in the hospitality sector to embrace digitization and adapt to the changing landscape. By embracing technological advances and implementing innovative solutions, organizations can position themselves for success in a digitally driven world, ultimately increasingcompetitiveness and customer satisfaction in the evolving hospitality industry.
Implementation of a solar-thermal hybrid air conditioning system in Muscat for energy conservation
Authors: Subbiah Muthuraman , Natarajan Saravanan , Murugan Sivaraj , Ayyappan Kumar
Published: June 2024

The need for global energy conservation has become more urgent because of the negative effects of excessive energy use, such as higher fuel consumption, greater environmental pollution, and depletion of the ozone layer. There has been a significant increase in the demand for central and high-capacity household air conditioning systems in Muscat in recent years. The need for this is influenced by factors such as arid climate, increasing temperatures, air pollution, and population increase. As a result, there has been a significant increase in electricity use, putting a strain on power resources. To tackle this difficulty, the incorporation of solar collectors as supplementary thermal compressors in air conditioning systems offers a chance to utilise renewable energy sources. The objective of this hybrid technique is to enhance the effectiveness of cooling systems, hence minimising the need for electricity and lowering the release of environmental pollutants.
Evaluación formativa y calidad de la retroalimentación: diseño y validación de escalas para profesores escolares
Authors: Dávila Ramírez Juan Romeo , Huertas Martínez Juan Antonio
Published: June 2024

Se ha descrito a la evaluación formativa como una de las principales prácticas pedagógicas para promover el desarrollo de los aprendizajes ya que permite que docentes y estudiantes visualicen las brechas entre el nivel de dominio alcanzado y el nivel de dominio esperado y direccionen sus acciones hacia la mejora. Pese a ello, la operativización de las estrategias que conforman dicha metodología aún es confusa y no se ha definido con precisión qué implica un uso óptimo en cuanto a su calidad. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo diseñar y validar una Escala de Estrategias para la Evaluación Formativa y una Escala de Calidad de la Retroalimentación para el Aprendizaje. Los datos de 364 docentes de primaria y secundaria han sido analizados a través de análisis factoriales exploratorios y análisis factoriales confirmatorios con modelos de ecuaciones estructurales. Luego, se ha realizado un análisis de validación cruzada para cada escala entre dos submuestras aleatorias. También, se han explorado las diferencias según el nivel educativo donde se desempeñaba el profesorado participante, primaria o secundaria y las diferencias según su género. Los resultados han señalado una adecuada bondad de ajuste para la Escala de Estrategias de Evaluación Formativa: χ2 /gl = 3.2, CFI = .91 y RMSEA = .07 y para la Escala de Calidad de la Retroalimentación para el Aprendizaje χ2 /gl = 1.8, CFI = .94 y RMSEA = .05.  No se han encontrado diferencias significativas según nivel educativo ni según género. La discusión presenta un modelo heurístico que ilustra las relaciones entre como se ha definido evaluación formativa y calidad de la retroalimentación con procesos del aprendizaje y de la enseñanza, considerando las influencias que ejercen los climas de aula, los climas escolares y los sistemas educativos nacionales.
Healing Perceptual Process in Autism Spectrum Disorder or Initial Misdiagnosis?
Authors: Rúa Manuel Ojea
Published: June 2024

Autism spectrum disorder is characterized by the presence of particularities over neural networks of the information flexible transmission, which affects the perceptual-cognitive and socio-behavioural levels of the disorder. This research appoints a longitudinal Single Case Study performed throughout 32 years, structured in five intervals-evolutionary phases (0–4.5; 4.6–9: 9.1–12; 12.1–16.5; 16.6–32 years-old), that confirms the importance of the influence of neural networks variable on criteria that had enclosed to disorder symptomatic group.
The successive differential changes through the five phases of analysis, in relation to the variables “perceptive”, “social” and “behaviour” of the analysis found highly significant, which have been found through the Friedman comparative test; while the “nodes” variable has remained constant, with high evolutive development level. Likewise, it has been shown by Pearson correlation analysis, the variables relationship is significantly related at .1 critical level. The conclusions confirm that variable related to nodal relationships "nodes" decisively influences the evolutionary improvement to other variables investigated, that has been progressively modified the symptomatic group of the disorder to this Case Study.
The fundamental conclusion has been suggested that neuropsychological variables of processing, especially related to the functional ability to relational networks of information processing must be exhaustively complemented to the socio-behavioural criteria along the disorder evaluation process to avoid possible initial errors in the diagnostic conclusions.
Towards 6G Energy Sustainability: An Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Energy Efficiency Model in a Hybrid-Tier Heterogeneous Network
Authors: Ajaegbu Chigozirim , Constance Ngige Ogochukwu , Ifeoluwa Oyerinde Emmanuel
Published: June 2024

Studies have shown that one of the major design principles of 6G technology is to achieve seamless heterogeneous network integration of space, air, ground, and sea. This study argues that the roles of satellites and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) cannot be underestimated in achieving such seamless connectivity within the 6G network. While few studies have focused on power control management centered around 5G technology, using a binary exponential algorithm, this approach was not sufficient to guarantee a step-by-step power control adjustment in UAV connection establishment. Hence, a modified power control factor that offers better step-by-step power control, along with a power regeneration algorithm, has been proposed for 6G technology. The regeneration algorithm developed is intended to regenerate one-fifth of the used UAV operation power for every 25 minutes of UAV operation. As such, numerical computations show an adaptable model to extend UAV power if needed, and this would greatly benefit the integration of upcoming 6G technology. The study further highlights some socio-economic implications of 6G technology and UAV power management that policymakers need to pay attention to.
HAPI-FHIR Server Implementation to Enhancing Interoperability among Primary Care Health Information Systems in Sri Lanka: Review of the Technical Use Case
Authors: Jayathissa Prabath , Hewapathrana Roshan
Published: June 2024

This comprehensive review underscores the paramount importance of interoperability within the digital health landscape, emphasizing the necessity for a standardized framework to facilitate effective communication among healthcare professionals and institutions. The primary focus of this discourse centres on implementing a Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) server, recognised as a pivotal solution addressing technical, semantic, and process interoperability failures. This standardised framework ensures uniformity and facilitates efficient communication and real-time data access within Primary Care Health Information Systems (HIS). The adaptability and scalability inherent in FHIR play a critical role in supporting the dynamic needs of healthcare systems, fostering interoperability, and enabling integration across diverse components. The narrative delves into the complexities of patient data management, accentuating the pivotal role of semantic interoperability in ensuring the seamless continuation of patient care. The transition from paper-based documentation to repository storage necessitates effective data retrieval through clinical correlation, emphasising presenting health data in a manner aligned with clinical findings—an innovative concept introduced as a health-aware presentation. Integrating FHIR standards amplifies these efforts, enriching multiple pathways for data search and retrieval. This interconnectedness not only fosters efficient interoperability within healthcare institutions but also facilitates a comprehensive approach to accessing health data across diverse organizations. The FHIR server implementation project, guided by the principles of the ADR method, systematically addresses challenges associated with patient identity criteria, biometrics, and data security, demonstrating a steadfast commitment to inclusive and patientcentric care. The detailed exploration of the development phases of the FHIR server implementation accentuates the significance of architecture design, API integration, and security measures. The concluding stages underscore a forward-looking approach, incorporating HHIMS Synthetic Dataset testing for future utilization. Ultimately, positioning the integration of an FHIR server in Primary Care HIS as a transformative step, this abstract envisions the fostering of a dynamic and responsive healthcare information environment harmonizing with the evolving landscape of digital health.
The Meaningfulness of the Covid-19 Pandemic Crisis for Balinese Female Tour Guides
Authors: Dewi L.G.L.K. , Citra Juwitasari W.
Published: June 2024

The pandemic crisis is a process of gaining meaning in life for Balinese female tour guides. This study aims to examine the significance of the pandemic crisis and discuss the dual roles of female Balinese tour guides. This study seeks to find out the social picture of the situation of tour guides in Bali, especially Balinese women who are Hindu in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis. The results of the study show that Balinese female tour guides have multiple roles in their lives while still having obligations in the customs that exist in Balinese society and the role of Balinese women as tour guides also participates in supporting the family economy. Balinese female tour guides interpret the pandemic crisis with an attitude of 'never give up', by looking for the best solutions and alternatives to generate income and take advantage of new opportunities by switching to other sectors outside the tourism sector and the pandemic crisis does not limit Balinese female tour guides from gaining meaning in life.
Impulsivity and Driver Stress in Mexico and Spain
Authors: Dorantes-Argandar Gabriel , Cisneros-Herrera Jesús , Ferrero-Pastor Elia Sigrid , Penagos-Corzo Julio César , Tortosa-Pérez Macarena
Published: June 2024

Driver stress has been a topic of interest in recent years. The search for the promotion of human well-being has described different factors that work against it. Human impulsivity is not only described as a personality trait, it also has been linked to behavior difficulties and psychological effects, such as stress. This study aimed to determine the influence of impulsivity in driver stress in Mexico and Spain, to help determine psychological factors that hinder human experience. A sample of 1500 individuals from both countries was comprised, and then relevant statistical analyses were carried out to determine relationships between variables. It was found that impulsivity is a strong factor in driver stress in both countries, and that there are no differences between countries. Only women suffer more driver stress than men, yet all other demographic variables remain stable across analyses.
The influence of social and individual determinants on the Ukrainian military during wartime
Authors: Diachenko Inna , Brodska Liudmyla , Serebriakov Oleksandr , Samborska Natalia , Kharytonova Nataliia
Published: June 2024

Considering the impact of social determinants on the capacity and well-being of Ukrainian military personnel is critical in military conflicts. This study aims to investigate the influence of social and individual factors on the activity level, determination, and resilience of Ukrainian military personnel during wartime. A qualitative method was chosen to conduct the study. The study involved 130 military personnel who were divided into two groups: those in active combat zones (n = 50) and those in military hospitals for treatment and rehabilitation (n = 80). According to the study, individuals in active combat zones perceive life as a manifestation of the potential received at birth. It was also observed that military personnel receiving treatment and rehabilitation in a hospital understand “life” as a connection with loved ones and close acquaintances. According to the survey results, many respondents from both groups identified their relatives as the military’s primary vital connection during the war. The military’s understanding of “life” and their associations also play a role in determining their need for assistance. In both groups, it can be observed that social determinants, such as relatives and friends, significantly influence the activity of servicemen and women. Individual determinants, such as attitude towards life and the ability to perform under war conditions, are among the factors that impact the military. The study’s practical significance in developing the socio-humanitarian, educational, and cultural spheres is reflected in the formation of awareness of the military and their psycho-emotional conditions in military operations.
Validation of Romantic Partner Conflict Scale (RPCS) in Pakistani married couples: Establishing measurement invariance
Authors: Farooq Zaeema , Akhtar Nasreen , Zacchilli Tammy
Published: June 2024

The present study aimed to translate and validate the Romantic Partner Conflict Scale (RPCS) in Pakistani Married Couples. Forward-Backward Method was applied for translations into Urdu to establish conceptual equivalence and cultural relevance. A sample of 300 married couples was collected for construct validation of RPCS established through Confirmatory Factor Analysis with SEM with the confirmed factors of Compromise, Domination, Submission, Separation, Avoidance, and Interactional Reactivity (total of 37 items, 2 items were deleted). All subscales showed good internal consistency and composite reliabilities. Moreover, testing for measurement invariances across husbands and wives further confirmed the factor structure for dimensions of RPCS. Finally, further associations revealed that constructive conflict strategies of Compromise and Avoidance were positively associated with positive relational variables such as internal marital locus of control, constructive communication, marital quality, and intimacy, but were negatively correlated with demand-withdraw patterns, associations for destructive conflict strategies of Interactional Reactivity and Domination with these relational variables were revealed contrary to the constructive strategies. The present study revealed Separation and Submission as mixed strategies as they were positively associated with majority of positive and negative relational variables. Additional findings in case of demographic variables and implications for future research are discussed.
O corpo ficcional na moda: a emoção como estratégia diegética para o figurino
Authors: Azambuja Patrícia Kely , Costa Ramon Bezerra
Published: June 2024

A moda indica modos de vida e inspira mudanças, nos comportamentos, no consumo e nas diversas estruturas materiais que circunscrevem a existência humana, particularmente, a relação entre corpo e vestuário. Presume-se, portanto, complementaridade social e emocional, despertada por meio de sistemas simbólicos. O corpo socialmente integrado assimila os simbolismos do coletivo no qual está inserido, situação precursora das diferenças e do elo social. Pressupostos simbólicos também justificados nas produções audiovisuais, que buscam representar sentidos e experiências diversas. Este artigo tem por objetivo compreender as translações entre estes dois pólos: corpo culturalmente vestido e efeitos diegéticos do figurino. Um trabalho de natureza qualitativa que, por meio da análise fílmica, decompõe algumas estratégias narrativas na estrutura dramática da minissérie Transatlântico (Netflix, 2023). Para tanto, utiliza revisão bibliográfica do campo da moda no vestuário e do âmbito das sensibilidades socialmente instituídas, no intuito de vincular efeitos e decorrências destas para a produção audiovisual.
Das Aus für Influencer in Uniform?
Authors: Harding Nicolas
Published: June 2024

„Officer Denny“ darf keinen privaten TikTok-Account betreiben, mit dem er über seinen Alltag als Polizist in der Bundeshauptstadt informiert. Dies hat das VG Berlin im März bestätigt, nachdem der Dienstherr dem Polizeibeamten untersagt hatte, seinen Account weiter zu betreiben.
Die nun veröffentlichten Entscheidungsgründe zeigen, dass das Gericht der Argumentation des Dienstherren weitestgehend folgt. Das VG Berlin verpasst aber die Gelegenheit, Meinungsfreiheit und beamtenrechtliche Neutralitätspflicht überzeugend ins Verhältnis zu setzen.
PELATIHAN PRAKTEK SITUS SEJARAH MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN SEJARAH UNIVERSITAS PGRI MAHADEWA INDONESIA DI CANDI GUNUNG KAWI, GIANYAR BALI
Authors: I Nyoman Bayu Pramartha  , Ni Putu Yuniarika Parwati  , Ni Luh Putu Tejawati  , Dewa Made Alit
Published: June 2024

Praktek situs adalah salah satu program kegiatan proses pembelajaran yang memanfaatkan peninggalan berupa objek sejarah sebagai dasar penerapan langsung kegiatannya. Metode pelaksanaan pengabdian ini menggunakan metode ceramah, metode karya wisata, metode bimbingan dan metode pelatihan. Materi pelatihan praktek situs  sejarah ini antara lain: Materi yang diberikan adalah dasar-dasar situs sejarah, cara menjadi melakukan praktek situs, situs sejarah yang akan digunakan untuk kegiatan pelatihan praktik situs. Dapat dijelaskn hasil observasi selama kegiatan berlangsung, dapat ditarik kesimpulan kepada peserta pelatihan praktik situs, materi yang diebrikan kepada peserta dapat diterima dengan baik. Respon dari pelatihan sangat positif dan antusias. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian ini antara lain 1) dapat memahami dasar-dasar praktik situs sejarah 2) memahami tugas dan studi praktek situs sejarah 3) Berlatih menjadi pelatih situs dari cara mencari jejak sejarah , dan mengkaji jejak secara lewat praktik situs secara langsung 4) mampu menjadi individu yang dapat mengkaji pristiwa-pristiwa sejarah lewat kajian praktek situs sejarah.
Pengaruh Substitusi Silase Rumput Kume dengan Fodder Jagung Hidroponik terhadap Profil Darah Kambing Kacang Jantan
Authors: Laome Tobe Obe , Yunus Marthen , Ernawati Luh Sri
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh subsitusi silase rumput kume dengan fodder jagung terhadap profil darah kambing kacang jantan. Menggunakan 3 ekor kambing kacang jantan umur 11-12 bulan dengan bobot badan 12-15 kg. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan bujur sangkar latin (RBSL) Dengan 3 perlakuan 3 periode. perlakuan yang diberikan FCG0: 70% Silase rumput kume + 30% konsentrat; FCG1: 35% Silase rumput kume + 35% fodder jagung + 30% konsentrat; FCG2: 20 % Silase rumput kume + 50 % fodder jagung + 30% konsentrat. Parameter darah yang diukur meliputi Hemoglobin, PCV, Leukosit dan Eritrosit. Data yang terkumpul diolah dengan analysis ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil. Hasil eksperimen memperlihatkan kenaikan pada setiap variabel yang diukur dengan hemoglobin 10,28-11,44g/dl, eritrosit 9,26-10,14 x 104 sel/mm3, leukosit 10.36-12.32 x 50 sel/mm3 /µl PCV 30,83-34,33%. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan substitusi dengan fodder jagung tidak mempengaruhi profil darah (P>0.05) baik terhadap hemoglobin, eritrosit, leukosit dan PCV kambing kacang. Disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan pakan silase rumput kume dan fodder jagung imbangan 35:35 maupun 20:50 dapat digunakan dalam ransum kambing kacang jantan.