bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERAN ETIKA KERJA ISLAM DAN KETERIKATAN KARYAWAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOUR
Authors: Musoli Musoli , Yamini Era Agustina
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTThis study examines whether Islamic work ethics has a relationship with employee engagement and organizational citizenship behavior of employees in hospitals. The research design uses a quantitative approach through research instruments. Based on the purposive sampling technique, the unit of analysis in this study was the PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital employees in the Special Region of Yogyakarta who had worked for a minimum of 1 year. The total respondents in this study were 179 respondents from PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital employees in Yogyakarta Special Region. The results of this study indicate several empirical findings. First, Islamic work ethics has a positive influence on employee engagement. Second, Islamic work ethics has a positive effect on organizational citizenship behavior. Third, employee engagement has a positive impact on organizational citizenship behavior. ABSTAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji apakah etika kerja Islam memiliki hubungan dengan keterikatan karyawan dan organizational citizenship behavior karyawan di Rumah Sakit. Desain penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif melalui instrumen penelitian. Berdasarkan teknik purposive sampling, unit analisis dalam penelitian ini adalah karyawan Rumah Sakit PKU Muhammadiyah di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta yang sudah bekerja minimal masa kerja 1 tahun. Total responden dalam penelitian ini adalah 179 responden dari karyawan Rumah Sakit PKU Muhammadiyah di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan beberapa temuan empiris. Pertama, etika kerja Islam memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap terhadap keterikatan karyawan. Kedua, etika kerja Islam memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap organizational citizenship behaviour. Ketiga, keterikatan karyawan mempunyai pengaruh positif terhadap organizational citizenship behaviour
The Determinants of Dividend Policy (an Empirical Study on Manufacturing Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2016-2019 Period)
Authors: Lestari Nurni Arrina , Sudarma Ade , Antony Antony
Published: October 2021

This research aims to analyze the factors that affect the company’s opportunities to distribute dividends, and based on those opportunities, this research further identifies the factors that affect the size of dividends to be distributed by the company. The research sample was taken from manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for 2016-2019. The regression models used were logistic regression to analyze the variables affecting the company’s opportunities of dividends and multiple linear regression to analyze the variables affecting the size of the dividends to be distributed. This research finding revealed that the variables affecting the company’s opportunities of distributing dividends were profitability, liquidity, and company size. However, of the three variables, only profitability affected the size of the dividend distributed by the company.
Adaptogenic potential of Centella lujica supplement in sleep deprived mice
Authors: Eduviere Anthony T. , Awhin Prosper E. , Edje Kesiena E. , Otomewo Lily O. , Adeoluwa Olusegun A. , Winter Jennifer E.
Published: October 2021

Background: Stress, whether internal or external, has been shown to play a role in the accumulation of oxidative free radicals which leads to cellular modification of normal organ or body function. Centella lujica (C. lujica) is a commonly cultivated herb with therapeutic benefits in various studies. This study aims to evaluate its beneficial effect on the brain and liver of mice exposed to sleep deprivation-induced stress.Methods: Albino mice were treated with distilled water (control), C. lujica (50 and 100 mg/kg) or astaxanthin (50 mg/kg) for seven days. All groups except control were then subjected to three-days of sleep deprivation using the grid suspended over water model beginning from day 4 of treatment. Behavioural assessments followed by biochemical assays and histological analysis were carried out thereafter.Results: Sleep deprivation caused an increase in blood glucose and triglycerides levels but reduced high density lipoproteins. Brain pro-oxidant levels were increased with a concomitant decrease in antioxidants, recognition memory was diminished while depressive-like symptoms were enhanced and neuronal viability of hippocampal CA1 as well as prefrontal cortex cells was reduced in sleep-deprived mice. However, supplementation with C. lujica reversed these effects as significantly as astaxanthin.Conclusions: C. lujica possesses antioxidant property that makes it an effective adaptogen against stress induced responses in mice.
A comparative study of biochemical parameters in mild and severe cases of COVID-19
Authors: Gulavani Gouri A. , Wali Smita V. , Panchbudhe Sanjyoti A.
Published: October 2021

Background: COVID-19 has a range of clinical manifestations, including cough, fever, breathlessness, diarrhoea.    Diagnosis of COVID-19 is commonly made through detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA by PCR testing of a nasopharyngeal swab or other specimens. Evaluation and management of COVID-19 depend on the severity of the disease. This study was done to analyses the difference in the laboratory findings of the mild and severe cases in patients with COVID-19.Methods: In this study biochemical parameters of the patients with mild and those admitted in intensive care unit (ICU) of SKNMCGH, Pune were studied. Total 60 patients were included in this study. Standard deviation and mean were calculated from the values of biochemical parameters of COVID-19 patients in intensive care unit (ICU) and ward patients.Conclusions: We found levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive protein (CRP), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), ferritin were significantly elevated in severely ill ICU admitted patients than mild patients. This may be useful for predicting progression towards a more severe form of COVID-19.
Acute on chronic liver failure- etiology, clinical profile, prognostic scores: experience from tertiary care centre of eastern India
Authors: Behera Sanatan , Prakash Vivek , Bajpai Shivam , Patra Umesh Chandra , Jena Sushanta Kumar
Published: October 2021

Background: Acute on chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a recently recognised entity in chronic liver disease patients. Data regarding ACLF in terms of clinical presentation, etiology of underlying cirrhosis, precipitating factors, prognostic factors are lacking from eastern India. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the above factors along with the assessment of short-term mortality (4 weeks) in patients of ACLF.Methods: In this prospective observational study, 120 patients diagnosed as ACLF were included. A comparison of complications, biochemical profiles and prognostic scores was made between the survivor and non-survivor groups.Results: Of the 120 ACLF patients included, the mean age was 44.9±8.6 years and the male to female ratio was 2.5:1. Common clinical presentations were jaundice (100%), ascites (88.3%), hepatic encephalopathy (60%). The most common etiology for underlying CLD was alcohol (51.7%) followed by chronic hepatitis B (20%) and chronic hepatitis C (15%) infection. Alcohol hepatitis (40%) followed by hepatotropic viral infections (20%) and drug-induced liver injury (15%) were common identifiable precipitating agents. After a follow-up period of 4 weeks, 56 (46.6%) out of 120 patients died. The presence of sepsis, hyponatremia, renal failure, and coagulopathy was significantly associated with high mortality. Mortality was higher among patients having high Chronic liver failure consortium- acute on chronic liver failure (CLIF-ACLF) grade and closely related to the number of organ failures.Conclusions: ACLF is a rapidly progressive syndrome in chronic liver disease patients, having high short-term mortality.
Camptodactyly correction: A report of two cases
Authors: Venkata Mahipathy Surya Rao Rao , Durairaj Alagar Raja , Sundaramurthy Narayanamurthy , Jayachandiran Anand Prasath , Rajendran Suresh
Published: October 2021

Camptodactyly is a condition where there is a permanent flexion contracture at the proximal interphalangeal joint mostly involving the little finger. This condition has a varied presentation and hence treatment is controversial, whether conservative management or surgical correction. Here, we present two cases of camptodactyly that were managed with surgery.
Role of biomarkers in early detection of anastomotic leakage and follow up of patients with colorectal surgery managed by enhanced recovery protocol
Authors: Essa Mohamed S. , Abdelaal Mohamed K. , Zayed Mohamed E. , Mshantat Abdulrahman M. , Salama Ahmed M. F. , Ahmad Khaled S.
Published: October 2021

Background: Anastomotic leakage (AL) considered as the most feared complication after colorectal resection surgery increasing morbidity, mortality and risk of recurrence among these patients. Therefore, early detection of AL is crucial. Biomarkers as procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell count (WCC) provide an easy, safe and efficient methods for early detection of AL and follow up of the patients after discharge.Methods: This study included 130 patients presented with colonic or rectal cancer in the period from January 2018 to January 2021. This study was conducted in general surgery department, faculty of medicine, Benha university hospital. CRP, PCT and WBC count were measured pre-operatively, first, third, fifth and 7th day post-operative to detect the change in their levels when AL was diagnosed either by clinical, radiological or operative measures.Results: Among 130 patients, only 10 patients had AL. On POD-3, CRP and WCC values were significantly increased in AL patients while PCT was significantly elevated only from POD-5. The best cut-off value for CRP on POD-3 was >30.1 mg/l, reaching 90% sensitivity and 100% specificity for detecting AL while for WCC was >7.1× 109 cell/l, with 90% sensitivity and 72% specificity. The best cut-off value for PCT was in POD-5 which was >1.7 ng/ml with 100% sensitivity and 84% specificity.Conclusions: The analysis of CRP and WCC on POD-3 together with PCT serum concentrations on POD-5 is crucial for early detection of anastomotic leakage in either open or laparoscopic colorectal resection surgery.
One inch incision-mesh plug repair versus laparoscopic trans-abdominal preperitoneal repair of the primary indirect inguinal hernia: a prospective comparative study
Authors: Abdelhalim Mohamed F.
Published: October 2021

Background: Management of inguinal hernia by minimally invasive incision and minimal dissection with optimal outcomes remains an unmet need for general surgeons. The most common hernia repair procedures are Lichtenstein hernioplasty and laparoscopic hernia repair; TAPP and TEP. The modification of mesh plug repair (MPR); one inch incision-MPR (OI-MPR); could achieve optimal outcomes comparable to that of laparoscopic hernia repair. The objective of the study was to assess OI-MPR approach for management of primary indirect inguinal hernia and its outcomes in comparison to laparoscopic TAPP repair.Methods: During the period from September 2017 to March 2019, 63 patients with indirect inguinal hernia were selected randomly to one of two groups; group-A included 35 patients underwent one inch incision-mesh plug repair (OI-MPR), group-B included 28 patients underwent laparoscopic TAPP.Results: The mean operative time of group-A was 31.74±4.74 min which was significantly shorter than that of group-B (81.22±7.44 min). The mean hospital stay duration in group-A was 0.57±0.18 day and in group-B, it was 1.18±0.39 day. The patients of group-A returned to normal physical activities earlier than the patients of group-B. The duration of postoperative pain was shorter and less severe in group-A than that of group-B. Regarding complications, there was no statistically significant difference found between both groups.Conclusions: One inch incision-MPR is a simple, feasible and cost-effective approach with low morbidities and low burden on the patients and the healthcare facilities.
Surgical management and perioperative complications of peritonitis secondary to hollow viscus perforation in a tertiary care centre
Authors: M. G. Lokesh , Chandrashekar S. , Raikar Arundathi , S. S. Abhishek
Published: October 2021

Background: High mortality and morbidity is associated with peritonitis secondary to hollow viscus perforation, proving it a most common life threatening condition which needs emergency surgical care. Hence a proper evaluation was needed regarding appropriate management to have a better outcome, which was a challenge to operating surgeon.Methods: A serial study of 96 cases of peritonitis secondary to hollow viscus perforation was conducted at tertiary care centre, department of general surgery, Mysore medical college and research institute, Mysore, Karnataka from the period of August 2020 to July 2021. Data related to aetiology, surgical intervention and its peri-operative complications were noted. Appropriate statistical analyses were done to draw the inference.Results: Out of 96 cases studied, 74 were male, 22 were female with mean age of 45.53 years. Most common cause of peritonitis was GU perforation, followed by idiopathic, infective, malignancy, appendicular perforation and Trauma.Conclusions: Hollow viscus perforation being most common surgical emergencies, surgical outcomes and its related complications depends on age, general condition, site, co-morbidities and aetiologies.
Role of early enteral feeding in mild and moderate acute pancreatitis
Authors: Roy Aswin George , T. V. Haridas
Published: October 2021

Background: Timing of enteral feeding in acute pancreatitis was always a matter of controversy. Increasing evidence suggests that early enteral feeding reduces systemic and local complications of pancreatitis and thereby hospital stay. Hence the study has been undertaken to determine the feasibility, advantages and disadvantages of early enteral feeding in mild and moderate acute pancreatitis. Methods: Patients admitted with symptoms and signs suggestive of mild and moderate acute pancreatitis who were started on early enteral feeding (within 48 hours of admission) were included in study. Blood investigation results are used to classify patients accordingly to mild and moderate acute pancreatitis based on Ransons’s score. Patients were followed up and categorized based on development of complications, length of hospital stay.Results: Majority of the patients who were started on early enteral feeding showed significant decrease in complications and hospital stay. Study also suggested that age is a significant risk in development of complications. Gender is not significant in the development of complications.Conclusions: There is significant decrease in rate of systemic complication, local infective and non-infective complications, length of hospital stay among acute pancreatitis patients who were started on early enteral feeding (within 48 hours).
Varicose veins: our experience in KVG Medical College and Hospital, Karnataka
Authors: Ramu Abhirup H. , Kenchetty Priyanka , K. Chidananda Aishwarya
Published: October 2021

Background: The varicose veins is the most common vascular disorder of the lower extremities. It affects more than 5% of adult population but in India incidence of varicose veins seems to be far less common because patients come for complications such as pain, oedema, pigmentation and ulceration leading to tip of Iceberg phenomenon. This study will help in finding epidemiology, mode of presentation and effect of surgery on venous ulcers and recurrence. The aims and objectives of the study was to study the incidence of varicose veins according to age, sex and occupation with spectrum of clinical presentation in varicose veins. To determine effect of surgery in healing of varicose ulcers if present and study of recurrence upto 6 months.Methods: This prospective study involved 50 patients admitted in KVG Medical College and Hospital, Sullia with clinical diagnosis of varicose veins. The study period was 18 months inclusive of a 6 month follow up period.Results: Most patients was between 41 to 50 years (26 %.), males (74%), left side involvement in (70%) and farmer by occupation (40%) with pain as most common presenting symptom in (76%). Long saphenous system involvement in (94%). 6 patients out of 50 showed recurrence of varicose veins. 4 patient showed recurrence out of 21 venous ulcer patients.Conclusions: For varicose veins saphenofemoral junction ligation with stripping of vein with perforator ligation showed good outcome. Venous ulcers heal well after surgery with few recurrences.
Study of open versus closed reduction of mandibular condyle fractures
Authors: Gareikpatii Nagaraj
Published: October 2021

Background: Condylar fractures of the mandible are a commonest occurrence in maxillofacial surgery. Many surgeons prefer closed therapy with maxillomandibular fixation, while open treatment with rigid internal fixation has become more common in recent years. This study provides a comparative evaluation of open and closed reduction of the mandibular condyle.Methods: The 50 patients with condylar fractures were treated with open and closed reduction as per the requirement.Results: A higher incidence of unilateral segmented condylar fractures were seen in young adult males. Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with a combined approach was the preferred treatment of choice with fewer post-op complications.Conclusions: ORIF is a suitable technique in the treatment of condylar fractures as it promises few complications.
Tucked and treated- a case series on outcome of meshplasty with abdominoplasty for incisional hernia
Authors: S. Nagamallesh C. , Tanwar Nandini S. , Nawaz F. Sadiq , Bhat Padmanath
Published: October 2021

Incisional hernia is the second most common type of hernia. Incisional hernia occurs in 10-20% of patients who were subjected to abdominal surgery in India. Here we are presenting a case series of 20 patients with incisional hernia and obesity. Body mass index (BMI) ranges from 28 to 35 in all cases. Females outnumbered the male in the ratio of 4:1 and 40% of cases had a previous history of caesarean section. All cases were operated by combining open polypropylene meshplasty and abdominoplasty techniques and follow up consultations were done for 1 year. 10% of cases had post-op wound infections, who were known to be diabetic. They were managed with appropriate antibiotics and maintained strict glycemic control. 90% of patients were satisfied from the procedure performed which improved their quality of life, significant cosmetic outcome and no recurrence. 10% of cases had recurrence after heavy weight lifting following surgery (BMI was 36). By incorporating the above mentioned techniques in hernia repair, recurrence rate and complications were reduced, quality of life and aesthetic outcome are enhanced.
The role in the decision-making of the surgeon in choledochal cysts during pregnancy
Authors: Nicolás-Cruz Carlos F. , Pech-Cervantes Paola I. , Loyo-Cosme Juan A. , De Ora Omar M. Herrera-Ortiz , Ordoñez-García Jorge A. , Valdez-Maldonado Fabiola , Degante-Aguilar Jose Manuel
Published: October 2021

The diagnosis and management of bile duct diseases during pregnancy are highly controversial because preserving both the fetus and pregnancy often required surgical intervention. In this manuscript we reported three cases of pregnant patients referred to our hospital with choledochal cyst. Medical management was implemented until fetal well-being was compromise with moderate cholangitis and oligohydramnios. A C-section prior induction with lung ripeness was performed, four weeks later cyst resection and biliodigestive derivation was performed prior preoperative parenteral total nutrition was implemented. All patients and products survived without complications.
Gastric volvulus is a rare and life-threatening abdominal pain
Authors: Martínez Zarazúa Raúl Omar , Miranda Hector Vergara , Resendez Rafael Sáenz , Benavides Cesar Adrián Sepulveda , Martínez Daniel Eduardo Saldívar
Published: October 2021

Gastric volvulus is a rare and life-threatening abdominal pain condition resulting from the stomach twisting on its own longitudinal (organo-axial) or transverse (mesentero-axial) axis. Gastric volvulus can be primary or secondary. Secondary is most commonly related to para-esophageal hernia. Gastric volvulus can have an acute or chronic presentation, the acute form presents abdominal pain with a risk of gastric ischemia with subsequent perforation. Diagnosis is made by imaging studies such as barium contrast studies in the upper digestive tract or abdominal and chest computed tomography (CT). CT of the abdomen and thorax is very useful in the diagnosis as it can demonstrate the abnormal position and gastric torsion The goal in the definitive treatment of gastric volvulus is resolution of gastric obstruction and prevention of recurrence. Performing volvulus reduction, repair of the concomitant cause (para-esophageal hernia), fundoplication and/or gastropexy to the anterior abdominal wall. Gastropexy is considered safe and effective in elderly patients with high surgical risk.
El movimiento de Mayo del 68 y las mujeres
Authors: Palacios Jiménez Denesy
Published: October 2021

El artículo destaca el significado y el espíritu del movimiento estudiantil de Mayo del 68 y su aporte hacia los derechos y el liderazgo de las mujeres, así como su relación con el movimiento feminista. Explica, primero, el inicio y auge de la rebelión estudiantil; segundo, los diversos componentes que influyen; tercero, el significado, la trascendencia, el espíritu de lucha, el liderazgo, el impacto en la población y en la clase política, y la repercusión internacional; y cuarto, el aporte o impacto en los derechos, en la participación, protagonismo y liderazgo de las mujeres, así como en su relación con el origen y evolución del movimiento feminista en el mundo.
Salud: cartografía del trabajo vivo
Authors: Merhy Emerson Elias
Published: October 2021

Los textos reunidos en este libro están atados por la misma perspectiva: reflexionar sobre el modo cotidiano de producir salud en nuestra sociedad, tomando como referencia la cartografía de la micropolítica del trabajo vivo en acto. Para penetrar en este territorio reflexivo, se refuerza la posibilidad de pensar que así como la gestión dentro del campo de las tecnologías es fundamental para la discusión actual acerca de la reestructuración productiva también lo es la producción del cuidado como indicadora de las situaciones institucionales. Este libro procura explorar varias situaciones reflexivas que aporten al esclarecimiento de ciertos enunciados y contribuir, en particular, a la creación de un nuevo modo de producir salud en el día a día de los servicios. No obstante, sin recetas, que las dejo para los libros de cocina.
Prólogo. Derivas: concentración y aperturas de los game studies
Authors: Maté Diego , Oulton Ma. Luján
Published: October 2021

El presente cuaderno es el tercer número de los Cuadernos de la Universidad de Palermo dedicados a la difusión, problematización y puesta en discusión de los game studies regionales. Nuevamente con el apoyo del Instituto de Investigación y Experimentación en Arte y Crítica (IIEAC), de la Universidad Nacional de las Artes (UNA), este número reúne investigaciones sobre temas diversos que incluyen la gamificación, el género, las nuevas tecnologías, la infancia y la ética, entre otros, y que se organizan en torno a dos grandes operaciones que llamamos concentraciones, para dar cuenta de los trabajos que actualizan conceptos y polémicas ya abordados por los game studies, y aperturas, para el caso de los artículos que ponen en fase a los game studies con nuevas perspectivas que los exceden. Estos dos movimientos dan cuenta de la efervescencia y mutaciones que atraviesan los game studies locales, todavía en plena expansión.
Haematological and serum biochemical indices of growing pigs fed varying levels of beniseed (Sesamum indicum L.) hull in replacement for maize.
Authors:   University of Africa, Olajide Rotimi , Asaniyan EK ,   Ondo State University of Science andTechnology, Olusegun BO ,   Joseph Ayo Babalola University, Aro SM ,   Joseph Ayo Babalola University
Published: October 2021

A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the nutrient content of beniseed hull (BSH) as a substitute for maize, and its effect on haematological and serum biochemical indices of growing pigs. Sixty 8-weeks old growing pigs (Landrace x Large white) were randomly allotted into five dietary treatments with three replicates of four animals per replicate in a completely randomized design. Five diets were formulated by incorporating BSH into the basal diet to replace maize at 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% designated as D1 (control), D2, D3, D4 and D5, respectively and fed to growing pigs for ten weeks. Diets had no significant effect on the parameters measured, except White blood cell (WBC) and Lymphocytes. The highest WBC count (x109/L) (P < 0.05) of 23.70 was obtained in pigs fed 50% BSH-based diets compared with 15.55 (0% BSH), 14.00 (25% BSH), 21.45 (75% BSH) and 15.10 (100% BSH), respectively. The lymphocyte counts of pigs fed 25% BSH (60.00%) and 75% BSH (76.50%) were statistically similar to those on other dietary treatments. The cholesterol values recorded in pigs fed with the control diet (0% BSH) (125.00 mg/dL) and 25% BSH (122.50 mg/dL) were similar but significantly (P < 0.05) reduced to 119.50 mg/dL (50% BSH), 118.00 mg/dL(75% BSH) and 104.00 mg/dL (100% BSH), respectively, as the level of BSH increases. The High-density lipoprotein, HDL value (20.95 mg/dL) of pigs fed with control diet (0% BSH) was significantly (P < 0.05) lower than HDL values of pigs placed on other diets. The total protein (g/dL) 7.08 (0% BSH), 7.11 (25% BSH), 7.00 (50% BSH) were similar (P > 0.05) but significantly (P < 0.05) higher than 6.81 (75% BSH) and 6.66 (100% BSH). Beniseed hull poses no health challenge to the growing pigs as depicted by normal haematological and serum biochemical indices including lowest cholesterol at 100% BSH; beniseed hull could safely replace maize in pig’s diets up to 100% level.
Learning from the grassroots: The case for the consideration of community-based agrarian and food security reforms in South Africa
Authors:   Walter Sisulu University, Hosu Yiseyon Sunday , Ndhleve S , Kabiti HM , Yusuf SFG ,   University of Fort Hare
Published: October 2021

Studies of projected agro-climatic variability on the productivity of small-holding farming livelihoods have been evaluated by indirect methods using simulation models on country or regional basis but few have been done at the community level. This study explores direct observation of the impact of soil and climate factors on crop and livestock livelihood systems in the three major agro-ecological zones of the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. It also analyzed their influence on small farmers’ choices of agrarian livelihood activities and the lessons learned for the suitability of agro-ecologically integrated agriculture as part of agrarian and food security reforms needed among small farming households in rural communities of South Africa. The impact of soil and rainfall on the crop and livestock livelihood choices of small-holders in the three major agro-ecological zones were explored. A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 223 small-holding farming households during the harvesting period of rain-fed farming season. Data on household livelihood activities were processed in monetary terms and subjected to gross margin and cost/benefit analysis. Geographic information system (GIS) mapping and statistical analysis were used to determine the association of small-holder maize revenue with agro-climatic variation. The results indicated that crop-based activities performed better in the Grassland zone, while livestock activities performed better in the Savanna zone. Small farms in the Karoo can only productively engage in livestock production. The results also showed that farming activities that combined more vegetable crops yielded greater profits than other field crops. Furthermore, the results indicate that the mixed cropping method remains one of the strategies for breaking-even and risk-bearing effort used by the small-holder farmers considering its cost-sharing benefits. Geographical information system (GIS) mapping further indicates that small-holders’ farming activity was not only affected by soil-climatic factors but by their management skills as well. We recommend agro-ecologically adapted policies and incentives for agriculture-based livelihood activities and intensified mixing of cropping systems among the small-holder farming households in the study area.
Compositional, physico-mechanical and functional properties of two Ghanaian cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) varieties
Authors:   CSIR-College of Science and Technology, Tawiah ER , Akonor Papa Toah , Johnson P-N T , Oduro-Yeboah C , Idun-Acquah NN ,   Food Research Institute, Mingle C , Tengey TK ,   Savanna Agricultural Research Institute
Published: October 2021

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is a legume that is cultivated throughout Africa and contributes a significant amount of plant-based protein to human diets. There are many varieties of cowpeas, and these have varying seed characteristics such as shape, size, colour and nutritional properties. The compositional, physico-mechanical, and functional properties of two new cowpea seed varieties were investigated in order to determine their full food-use potentials as well as key parameters for their postharvest machinery for processing, handling, and storage. The proximate composition of the two cowpea cultivars was determined using standard methods. Physico-mechanical analyses carried out were the hundred-seed weight and volume, bulk density, true density, size, aspect ratio, surface area, equivalent diameter, porosity and angle of repose. Functional properties determined were cooking time and water uptake of the grain as well as water and oil absorption, foam capacity and stability, and emulsion capacity and stability of the flour. The Padi-Tuya variety was longer, broader and thicker than Wang Kae. The results showed both varieties to be useful sources of macronutrients. The moisture, fat and fibre in Wang Kae were significantly higher (p<0.05) than Padi-Tuya. However, both cowpea varieties had comparable protein levels of 17.7 g/100 g. The cooking time, hydration capacities and indices of the two varieties were also significantly different (p<0.05), but their swelling capacities, swelling and water uptake indices were comparable. Cooking times were 40 and 62 min for Padi-Tuya and Wang Kae, respectively. The water and oil absorption capacities, as well as the swelling indices, were similar, but their emulsion capacities and stabilities were significantly different (p<0.05) for the flour. Padi-Tuya had a higher foam capacity, but was less stable, than Wang Kae. The physico-mechanical properties determined would aid in the design of cleaning, handling and other processing machinery as well as storage facilities for the new cowpeas. The functional and the compositional parameters would assist in the food formulations.
Development of an energy-dense biscuit suitable for primary school learners for the South African National School Nutrition Programme
Authors:   Durban University of Technology, Hassanally Saffia , Naicker Ashika , Singh Evonne
Published: October 2021

South Africa has a well established National School Nutrition Programme (NSNP). Despite rescheduling the mealtime to two hours after the start of the school day to accommodate learners who come to school on an empty stomach, a gap still exists as many children start their learning day with low energy and concentration levels. A cost-effective, energy-dense snack served at the start of the school day can be a solution to sustain learners until the main meal is served. Cross-sectional surveys were used to determine the snack preferences of children and the product development process was used to develop a suitable snack. An energy-dense peanut butter biscuit was developed based on those surveys as well as a scoping review of previous snack studies. The energy-dense developed product provided 1388kJ (61.0%) of energy from fat, 688kJ (30.2%) of energy from carbohydrates and 201kJ (8.8%) of energy from protein per 100g. The biscuit conformed to microbial testing standards. Shelf-life analysis projected a shelf-life of five weeks fresh and five months in food grade packaging. Sensory results showed that there was no significant difference in sensory scores across gender (p=0.691) and age (p=0.706). More of the learners (n=56, 69.1%) found the biscuit to be ‘Super good’ than the other ratings (p<.0005). When compared with similar biscuit products currently on the market, it was found that the developed biscuit was the most reasonably priced. The developed biscuit has the potential to serve as a solution to hidden hunger for children that come to school on an empty stomach. This versatile snack solution has potential for continuity of use even during periods of national crisis as with COVID-19, when learners’ nutritional needs may be most vulnerable.
Rozwój budownictwa turystyczno-wypoczynkowego w Bieszczadach Polskich
Authors: Wrona Jerzy
Published: October 2021

W artykule przedstawiono zarys rozwoju budownictwa turystyczno-wypoczynkowego w Bieszczadach Polskich z podziałem na dwa okresy: przedwojenny i powojenny. Autor omawia powstanie ważniejszych obiektów turystycznych, charakteryzując ich lokalizację oraz standard. Pracę kończy ogólna analiza współczesnego rozmieszczenia obiektów turystycznych w polskiej części Bieszczadów.
Percepcja procesu dezintegracji Socjalistycznej Federacyjnej Republiki Jugosławii w administracji George’a H. W. Busha (do czerwca 1991 r.)
Authors: Szczesio Sławomir Lucjan
Published: October 2021

Po II wojnie światowej w wyniku rywalizacji supermocarstw, Stanów Zjednoczonych i Związku Radzieckiego, powstały dwa bloki, oddzielone od siebie „żelazną kurtyną”. Ten zimnowojenny porządek międzynarodowy, pomimo zmian i ewolucji, przetrwał do końca lat 80. XX w, a dokładniej do roku 1989. W tym samym roku prezydentem Stanów Zjednoczonych Ameryki został George Herbert Walker Bush. Artykuł opisuje dążenia nowego prezydenta USA do zacieśnienia stosunków ze Związkiem Radzieckim i wzmocnienia dialogu strategicznego, a jednocześnie podkreśla próby ostrożnego prowadzenia polityki „równowagi”, by nie doprowadzić do destabilizacji sytuacji w Europie (rozpadający się Związek Radziecki, proces zjednoczenia Niemiec). Ważną częścią ówczesnych wydarzeń była również dezintegracja Jugosławii (co stanowi drugą część niniejszego artykułu), która ostatecznie doprowadziła do rozpadu owej federacji.
Dekada ołowiu na ekranie
Authors: Miller-Klejsa Anna
Published: October 2021

Włochy w latach 70. były areną wielu aktów terroru, najczęściej motywowanych lewacką ideologią. Już wtedy kino stało się portrecistą i komentatorem tych wydarzeń, niekiedy krytycznie oceniającym reakcje władz. W prezentowanej książce autorka opisuje i analizuje ten wycinek niedawnej historii włoskiego filmu. Oprócz teoretycznych rozważań na temat kina politycznego oraz obszernych omówień fabuł o „dekadzie ołowiu”, książka zawiera dwa rozdziały analityczne, dotyczące śmierci anarchisty Giuseppe Pinellego oraz zabójstwa Alda Moro – lidera chadecji i byłego premiera Włoch.
Autorka widzi kino przede wszystkim w perspektywie historycznej i kulturowej, pamiętając, że opisywane wydarzenia miały duże znaczenie dla włoskiej tożsamości i pamięci zbiorowej. „Dekada ołowiu…” jest w związku z tym publikacją nie tylko o kinie Włoch, ale i o ich kulturze i historii.
Trzy typy manipulacji z punktu widzenia teorii działania
Authors: Maciaszek Janusz
Published: October 2021

By manipulation one can understand an abuse of the influence on other people. As the term ‘abuse’ is vague and unclear, one cannot decide in every instance whether it is an abuse of influence or whether the influence on other people is justified. In the paper I distinguish three types of actions consisting in exercising influence on other people. The theoretical basis for this typology is Donald Davidson’s theory of action, and in particular his notion of reason of action and practical syllogism. The first type of influence consists in modification of rather constant beliefs, preferences, and values. The typical example of an action of this type is brain-washing, The second type of action is modification of short-term attitudes, e.g. beliefs about the environment, wishes and preferences in special situations, etc. The typical example is advertising. In the third type the manipulator does not try to modify attitudes but he intends to provoke “acratic” actions, i.e. actions being the result of week will. The typology permits, at least partially, to precise what the abuse consists in for every type of influence.
​Discriminant Analysis to Characterize Mastitis Resistant and Susceptible Karan Fries Cows and Response Operating Characteristics Curve for Comparing Regression/ Discriminant Model
Authors: Sharma Nisha , Kumar Sushil , Revanasiddu D. , Sinha Beena , Kumari Ragini , Sinha Rebeka , Gupta I.D. , Verma Archana
Published: October 2021

Background: The profitability in the dairy enterprises is strongly affected by udder health and, to a minor extent, by morphometry. The present study was conducted to differentiate mastitis susceptible and resistant animals based on udder and teat type traits infrequently exist. Methods: The study was undertaken in ICAR-NDRI, Karnal of Haryana. A discriminate model was applied to differentiate mastitis susceptible and resistant Karan Fries cows for the study. For meeting the objective; 123 Karan Fries cows were subjected to developing a reliable mathematical function/equation (discriminant functions) for the provision of maximum separation among the mastitis resistant and susceptible animals. The hypothesis was designed to know if these udder and type traits appeal to mastitis-resistant and susceptible animals. The hypothesis for testing the equality of covariance matrices was depicted as: H0: ∑1 = ∑2 Vrs H1: At least one pair of sigma’s ∑ is different. Result: The model included contributory factors such as fore udder length, central ligament, udder balance, shortest distance of floor from fore teat (SDFT), shortest distance of floor from rear teat (SDRT), fore udder attachment (FUA), teat direction, Rear legs rearview, Hock development, udder depth, and udder width constructed and was found to demonstrate 69.1 per cent accuracy with p less than 0.001 and the Karan Fries functions at group centroids are -0.169 and 0.443 respectively for mastitis resistant and mastitis infected animals. The model will facilitate 92.1 per cent of the cases to correctly classify for mastitis resistant animals and the remaining 7.9 per cent being misclassified into the mastitis group.
Prosedur Fuzzy Tahani Menggunakan Fungsi Representatif Kurva Segitiga dan Trapesium
Authors: Sofia Wise Ahmad , Juhari Juhari
Published: October 2021

Fuzzy Tahani is one of the developments of fuzzy logic applications. This study will explain the fuzzy Tahani procedure using representative membership functions of triangular and trapezoidal curves with fuzzification steps, determining fuzzy domains, membership functions and degrees, compiling criteria, determining fire strength values, and determining recommendation results. The fuzzy Tahani method uses the AND operation so as to produce a minimum fire strength value that affects the recommendation results. Then the research variables used are price, dimensions, weight, battery capacity, and screen display variables. For the triangular curve there are 3 fuzzy sets, namely small, medium, and large, while the trapezoidal curve consists of 4 fuzzy sets, namely small, medium, large, and very large. The data used in this study is secondary smartphone data, branded Oppo, Xiaomi, Samsung, Vivo, and Asus. From the results of smartphone data analysis according to the Fuzzy Tahani method used, these variables are processed by entering the rules, amounting to 243 for triangular curves and 1,024 for trapezoidal curves and then processed using AND operation and the conclusion is that triangular curves are better than trapezoidal curves. in recommending the purchase of a smartphone
Policing Environmental Injustice
Authors: Brock Andrea , Stephens-Griffin Nathan
Published: October 2021

Environmental justice (EJ) activists have long worked with abolitionists in their communities, critiquing the ways policing, prisons, and pollution are entangled and racially constituted (Braz and Gilmore 2006). Yet, much EJ scholarship reflects a liberal Western focus on a more equal distribution of harms, rather than challenging the underlying systems of exploitation these harms rest upon (Álvarez and Coolsaet 2020). This article argues that policing facilitates environmentally unjust developments that are inherently harmful to nature and society. Policing helps enforce a social order rooted in the ‘securing’ of property, hierarchy, and human-nature exploitation. Examining the colonial continuities of policing, we argue that EJ must challenge the assumed necessity of policing, overcome the mythology of the state as ‘arbiter of justice’, and work to create social conditions in which policing is unnecessary. This will help open space to question other related harmful hegemonic principles. Policing drives environmental injustice, so EJ must embrace abolition.
Modernidade e reificação na sociologia alemã: as alternativas às narrativas clássicas que emergem no final do século XX nas obras de Norbert Elias, Jürgen Habermas e Niklas Luhmann |Modernity and reification in German Sociology: alternatives to classical
Authors: Machado Igor Suzano
Published: October 2021

O presente artigo se trata de um artigo de comentário de autores de função mais didática do que científica, pois, apesar de não ser meramente descritivo das teorias apresentadas, tampouco mergulha mais a fundo numa questão teórica ou apresenta leitura inovadora dos autores que apresenta – que, por sua vez, são também autores bastante canônicos. O artigo parte da análise que Frédéric Vandenberghe faz da trajetória do problema da reificação na sociologia alemã para refletir como tal problema configura a leitura dos clássicos da sociologia alemã sobre a modernidade e como essa leitura da modernidade encontra alternativas nos principais teóricos da sociologia alemã no final do séc. XX. Nessas alternativas, que encontro nas obras de Norbert Elias, Jürgen Habermas e Niklas Luhmann, o problema da reificação ainda ocupa lugar central na descrição da modernidade feita por Habermas, mas não na descrição da modernidade feita pelos demais. Com base nisso, reflito ao final do artigo sobre as eternas questões sociológicas sobre a tensão entre descrição e crítica social e como a dimensão da crítica, no exemplo alemão, permanece dependente de uma perspectiva que permita diferenciar processos históricos emancipatórios de processos históricos de desumanização, para os quais o debate sobre a reificação permanece útil.
For better or worse: How more flexibility in working time arrangements and parental leave experiences affect fathers' working and childcare hours in Germany
Authors: Wanger Susanne , Zapf Ines
Published: October 2021

Objective: In this study, we investigate the effect of flexible working time arrangements and parental leave experiences on the actual working and childcare hours of men.

Background: Many fathers want to spend more time with their children and actively participate in family life, but, after becoming a parent, most work even more hours than before. To better combine work and family, the possibility of flexible working time arrangements might play a crucial role for fathers, also to become more involved in childcare activities.

Method: We use longitudinal data of the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) to examine how flexible working time arrangements, parental leave experiences, working hours, and childcare hours are related. Based on data between 2013 and 2019, panel regression models were estimated.

Results: The results show that a change from fixed to flexible working time regulations leads to an increase in working hours for men and fathers. The longer working hours of fathers go hand in hand with a reduction in the time spent on childcare activities when switching to flexible working time arrangements. However, experiences with parental leave in connection with flexible working hours show a change in the use of time.

Conclusion: Flexible working time regulations prove to be ambivalent for fathers: On the one hand, they offer fathers new leeway, on the other hand, due to traditional role models, they lead to longer working hours and thus less participation in childcare; but parental leave experiences make a difference, which indicates the importance of these regulations for fathers.
Female university computing students’ perceptions of technology careers: Interpretivist research to inform careers practice
Authors: Yamin Gillian
Published: October 2021

The representation of women in the technology sector, reported at 16.4% (Wise, 2020), necessitates investigation. How female university students’ perceptions of careers in technology formed can help understanding of the causes of female underrepresentation and suggest possible practice by careers professionals to help redress this imbalance. This research utilised purposive sampling to identify four information-rich participants (Palinkas et al., 2013) for semi-structured interviews, followed by thematic analysis via coding (King & Horrocks, 2010). Societal influences on students’ perceptions of technology careers, both prior to university and once employed in technology, emerged as significant factors.
Vertical Boundary Mixing Events during Stratification Govern Heat and Nutrient Dynamics in Windy Tropical Lakes with High Water-Level Fluctuations: A Long-Term (2001-2018) Study
Authors: Merino Ibarra Martín , Ramírez-Zierold Jorge A. , Valdespino-Castillo Patricia M. , Castillo-Sandoval Fermin S. , Guzmán-Arias Andrea P. , Barjau-Aguilar Mariel , Monroy-Ríos Emiliano , López- Gómez Luz M. , Sacristán-Ramírez Arantxa , Quintanilla-Terminel José G. , González–De Zayas Roberto , Jimenez-Contreras Jorge , Valeriano-Riveros María E. , Vilaclara-Fatjó Gloria , Sánchez-Carrillo Salvador
Published: October 2021

Physical processes play important roles in controlling eutrophication and oligotrophication. In stratified lakes, internal waves can cause vertical transport of heat and nutrients without breaking the stratification, through boundary mixing events. Such is the case in tropical Valle de Bravo (VB) lake, where strong diurnal winds drive internal waves, boundary mixing and hypolimnetic warming during stratification periods. We monitored VB during 18 years (2001-2018) when important water-level fluctuations (WLF) occurred, affecting mixing and nutrient flux. Mean hypolimnetic temperature increase (0.06–1.04°C month-1) occurred in all the stratifications monitored. We analyzed temperature distributions and modeled the hypolimnion heat budget to assess vertical mixing between layers (26,618–140,526 m-3h-1), vertical diffusivity coefficient KZ (6.2x10-7–3.3x10-6 m2s-1) and vertical nutrient entrainment to epilimnion on monthly scale. Stability also varied as a function of WLF. Nutrient flux to the epilimnion ranged 0.36–5.99 mg m-2d-1 for soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) and 5.8–97.1 mg m-2d-1 for dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN). During low water-level years, vertical nutrient fluxes increase and can account for up to >40% of the total external nutrients load to the lake. Vertical mixing changes related to WLF affect nutrient recycling, their flux to sediments, ecosystemic metabolic balance and planktonic composition of VB.