bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Programação Linear Inteira Mista e Algoritmo Genético aplicados ao Problema de Transferência e Estocagem de Produtos em uma Indústria Petrolífera
Authors: Barboza Angela Olandoski , Junior Flavio Neves , Bortolotti Silvana Ligia Vincenzi , Souza Rosely Antunes de
Published: March 2016

O crescimento do comércio internacional de produtos e serviços, a troca constante de informações vêm desafiando os administradores a definir novos rumos para suas empresas. Desta forma, buscam-se novas tecnologias para conseguir-se a melhoria da eficiência operacional. Em especial, a indústria petrolífera brasileira tem investido na pesquisa aplicada, desenvolvimento e capacitação tecnológica para manter-se competitiva no mercado internacional. Muitos são os problemas que ainda devem ser estudados neste setor produtivo. Dentre estes, pode-se destacar os problemas de transferência e estocagem de produtos. Este trabalho aborda um problema de programação da produção (scheduling) envolvendo estocagem e distribuição de diesel em uma refinaria de petróleo. Para solucionar este problema, primeiramente foi utilizado um modelo de Programação Linear Inteira Mista (PLIM) com representação do tempo discreta. Este modelo foi resolvido com o aplicativo computacional LINGO 8.0. Em seguida, desenvolveu-se uma metodologia aplicando Algoritmo Genético de Estado Estacionário Híbrido integrado à Programação Linear para a resolução do mesmo modelo. Após a realização de testes com o modelo em PLIM e com a nova metodologia, foi possível após a análise dos resultados, concluir que a nova abordagem obteve desempenho satisfatório em termos de qualidade de solução e tempo computacional quando comparada à modelagem PLIM.
Sistemas de Gestão da Qualidade em Empresas do Extremo Sul do RS
Authors: Mattos Viviane Leite Dias de , Soares Maria Cristina Zucchelli de Souza , Viticoski Roger Lopes , Agreda Leânia Moureira
Published: March 2016

Os sistemas de gestão da qualidade buscam permanentemente melhorar os padrões de qualidade e produtividade de uma organização, fornecendo-lhe vantagem competitiva. O presente estudo foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de conhecer estes sistemas em empresas que possuem certificação ISO 9001 na área de Gestão da Qualidade, localizadas no extremo sul do Rio Grande do Sul, bem como a utilização de técnicas estatísticas neste contexto. Entrevistas semi-estruturadas e questionários permitiram caracterizar as quatro empresas investigadas, bem como avaliar seu sistema de gestão. O estudo encontrou evidências de que a certificação trouxe bons resultados, principalmente sob o ponto de vista técnico, embora não tenha garantido melhoria no desempenho econômico. Constatou-se também a pouca utilização de técnicas estatísticas no setor.
Gestão de projetos: uma análise a partir da perspectiva da inteligência emocional
Authors: Nodari Cristine Hermann , Chary Vanessa Daniele
Published: March 2016

O estudo teve por objetivo analisar o impacto que a inteligência emocional tem sobre a gestão de projetos na área de tecnologia da informação a partir das definições sobre o entendimento e controle das emoções. A metodologia utilizada foi o estudo de caso com um enfoque descritivo. Para levantamento das informações foi utilizado um questionário estruturado baseado nos princípios da inteligência emocional propostos por Goleman (2001). As questões foram construídas com base na aplicabilidade da inteligência emocional na gestão de projeto. A amostra foi constituída por dezoito profissionais que exercem função de gerentes de projetos na área de tecnologia da informação. Os principais resultados apontam que há um equilíbrio entre os pilares estabelecidos na literatura no exercício da função de gerentes de projetos na área de tecnologia da informação. Outra constatação foi que profissionais mais experientes possuem maior maturidade emocional ocasionando em um menor envolvimento emocional com o projeto. Consequentemente foram analisados e discutidos os resultados apresentados na pesquisa e apresentadas às sugestões para pesquisas futuras.
Pesquisa Bibliométrica em Estratégia Como Prática: Resultados Exploratórios e Comparação de Fontes
Authors: Maia Jonas Lucio , Di Serio Luiz Carlos , Alves Filho Alceu Gomes
Published: March 2016

O objetivo deste trabalho era recuperar a pesquisa bibliométrica sobre Estratégia como Prática (ECP) apresentada em Maia e Alves Filho (2013), trazendo novos aspectos e replicando pesquisa utilizando o Google Scholar.Sobre a ECP, os resultados sinalizam que: (1) a ECP é um campo de pesquisa jovem, com maior parte de publicações após 2007 (2) Paula Jarzabkowski e Richard Whittington são os autores mais profícuos, embora a pesquisa do Google Scholar tenha sugerido uma grande dispersão (3) “Estratégia” e “Prática” são os principais termos na pesquisa do Web of Science, enquanto o Google Scholar indica grande densidade de termos relacionados;  (4) ambos os estudos indicam que a produção da ECP não tem sido publicada em periódicos clássicos, e há produção relevante em língua não inglesa e congressos.Sobre fontes de pesquisa: (1) as limitações do quantidade do Google Scholar não permitem calcular indicadores clássicos de bibliometria; (2) o Google Scholar gerou base com mais de 30 vezes mais resultados que o Web of Science; (3)  o Google Scholar gerou base muito mais dispersa e diversa e (4) há preocupações em usar o Scholar como fonte de informações: 15% dos documentos não possuíam data de publicação e 27% não possuíam fonte.
O Evento Criativo como etapa de construção do DNA de Marca: o caso Wavetech
Authors: Campos Amanda Queiroz , Schmiegelow Sarah Schmithausen , Medeiros Diego Piovesan , Gomez Luiz Salomão Ribas , Gonçalves Marília Matos
Published: March 2016

A metodologia TXM Branding, desenvolvida e aplicada no contexto do Laboratório de Orientação da Gênese Organizacional da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina prevê como etapa da identificação do DNA de Marca a realização de um Evento Criativo, encontro onde stakeholders e opinion makers da empresa junto a integrantes do laboratório desenvolvem atividades que culminam no DNA de Marca de modo cocriativo. Este artigo traz como exemplo de aplicação da metodologia o projeto realizado com a empresa Wavetech. Inicia-se com uma breve revisão teórica acerca de conceitos de Branding e dos conceitos fundamentais da metodologia TXM Branding, para após apresentar o Evento Criativo da Wavetech e o DNA de Marca resultante dele.
Hemoptysis Due to Anterior Scoliosis Implants
Authors: Ziegler Jacob D. , Polly David W. , Andrade Rafael S.
Published: March 2016

Case:

A twenty-five-year-old man presented with recurrent episodes of hemoptysis requiring hospitalization and interventional embolization. Instrumentation that had been implanted ten years previously for anterior spinal correction and fusion to treat adolescent idiopathic scoliosis adjoined the medial border of the right lung. The instrumentation eroded the lung during respiration, which prompted the formation of adhesions and fibrosis. Because of the risk of additional hemoptysis events, we performed revision thoracotomy, removal of the spinal instrumentation, and partial lobectomy.

Conclusion:

This rare and serious complication underscores the importance of meticulous surgical technique to ensure proper implant placement and of vigilant monitoring for late iatrogenic injury.
Percutaneous in Situ Fixation of Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
Authors: Chlebeck Jesse D. , Birch Christopher E. , Lisle Jennifer W.
Published: March 2016

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE), a common cause of adolescent hip pain, is a displacement of the femoral head through the proximal femoral physis. The exact etiology of SCFE is unknown, but both biochemical and biomechanical factors, including obesity, femoral retroversion, increased physeal obliquity, puberty, and endocrinopathies, play a role. Patients often present with hip, groin, or knee pain and an antalgic gait. On physical examination, obligate external rotation of the lower limb with passive hip flexion is a hallmark of SCFE. The diagnosis is confirmed with radiographs, with advanced imaging reserved for atypical presentations. Any degree of SCFE is an indication for internal stabilization. Percutaneous in situ fixation remains the gold-standard treatment for slipped capital femoral epiphysis. The procedure is performed with the following steps: (1) the patient is positioned supine on a fracture table with the contralateral lower limb in the hemilithotomy position; (2) a 1-cm longitudinal incision is made over the anterolateral aspect of the proximal part of the femur; (3) under fluoroscopic guidance, a guidewire is advanced freehand into the “center-center” of the epiphysis, stopping approximately 3 mm short of the articular surface; (4) the guidewire is overdrilled, and a 6.5-mm partially threaded cannulated screw of appropriate length is inserted into the epiphysis; (5) the proximal part of the femur is brought through a full range of internal-external rotation under fluoroscopy to confirm that the screw has not violated the joint cavity; and (6) the wound is closed in layers and a sterile dressing is applied.

Postoperatively, the patient’s weight-bearing status is advanced on the basis of the stability of the SCFE. Radiographic follow-up is performed at six-month intervals to monitor the contralateral hip until skeletal maturity. Treatment outcomes and complications such as osteonecrosis and chondrolysis correlate with the severity and stability of the slip on presentation. Long-term follow-up has shown good-to-excellent outcomes after in situ screw fixation of stable slips.
Analysis and Implementation of Metode Collaborative Analysis Methods of Requirement and Design (CARD) on E-commerce Website in Indonesia
Authors: Anggit K Oktariantoro , Prima K Angelina , Guslinar P Erda
Published: March 2016

The development of internet in recent years caused a major prospect in online business. One of the businesses is e-commerce. E-commerce is an activity of selling and buying information through computer network. Website is a medium that can be used in e-commerce implementation. E-commerce website becomes an important part in supporting the companys success. Yet, there are many e-commerce websites that are not understandable by the user since the user cannot find out what they want. In addition, e-commerce website is still difficult to use. The users who cannot find what they want in e-commerce website will surely decrease the usability of the website. As a result, there must be a design planning which can be comprehended by the users to find the expected product easily. The Collaborative Analysis of Requirement and Design method can be used to solve the design problem. The method is one of the techniques in user centered design. The method focuses on users because in its process it involves the users, and the users are the the information source of this method. The information that is gained from the users can be taken form interview, questionairre and experimentation with component order. The result of this research gives contribution to the websites, that is advise to improve the website design so that the users can understand the working system and the design more comprehensively.
Electronic Product Feature-Based Sentiment Analysis Using Nu-SVM Method
Authors: Juita S J. Ratna , Hidayati Hetti , Gozali Alfian Akbar
Published: March 2016

Sentiment in a product online review is useful and influence decision-making a person may take in buying any product as well as that of organization in determining the number of product to produce. In an opinion, reviewer may provide positive and negative reviews at the same time that can be ambiguous. This is because opinion targets are often not the product as a whole; instead they are only part of a product called as feature, which have advantages and disadvantages based on the reviewers point of view. In this paper, the goal is to produce sentiment of a mobile phone opinion based on its feature. Opinion data used in this thesis are in English taken from www.cnet.com. Feature extraction is conducted by searching for phrases that match the dependency relation template, which is followed by feature filtering. The sentiment identification, positive and negative probability value, as well as target class label of the data preparation become the Nu SVM classifier input parameters. In the study of NU SVM, some data are treated as unlabeled data. The evaluation towards sentiment identification obtained from the study shows F1 Measure of 86.25% for positive class and 77.71% for negative class. The accuracy for feature identification, however, is 82%.
Prediction of Outcome in Women With Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Who Receive Manual Physical Therapy Interventions: A Validation Study
Authors: Fernández-de-las-Peñas César , Cleland Joshua A. , Salom-Moreno Jaime , Palacios-Ceña María , Martínez-Perez Almudena , Pareja Juan A. , Ortega-Santiago Ricardo
Published: March 2016

Study Design

Secondary analysis of a randomized trial.

Background

A clinical prediction rule to identify patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) most likely to respond to manual physical therapy has been published but requires further testing to determine its validity.

Objective

To assess the validity of a clinical prediction rule proposed for the management of patients with CTS in a different group of patients with a variety of treating clinicians.

Methods

A preplanned secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial investigating the efficacy of manual physical therapies, including desensitization maneuvers of the central nervous system, in 120 women suffering from CTS was performed. Patients were randomized to receive 3 sessions of manual physical therapy (n = 60) or surgical release/decompression of the carpal tunnel (n = 60). Self-perceived improvement with a global rating of change was recorded at 6- and 12-month follow-ups. Pain intensity (mean pain and worst pain on a 0-to-10 numeric pain-rating scale) and scores on the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire (functional status and symptom severity subscales) were assessed at baseline and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. A baseline assessment of status on the clinical prediction rule was performed (positive status on the clinical prediction rule was defined as meeting at least 2 of the following criteria: pressure pain threshold of less than 137 kPa over the affected C5–6 joint; heat pain threshold of less than 39.6°C over the affected carpal tunnel; and general health score [Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey] of greater than 66 points). Linear mixed models with repeated measures were used to examine the validity of the rule.

Results

Participants with a positive status on the rule who received manual physical therapy did not experience greater improvements compared to those with a negative status on the rule for mean pain (P = .65), worst pain (P = .86), function (P = .99), or symptom severity (P = .85). Further, the clinical prediction rule performed no better than chance in identifying the individuals with CTS most likely to respond to manual physical therapy or surgery (mean pain, P = .87; worst pain, P = .91; function, P = .60; severity, P = .66). No differences in self-perceived improvement were observed at either 6 (P = .68) or 12 (P = .36) months, according to the rule.

Conclusion

The results of this study did not support the validity of the previously developed clinical prediction rule for manual physical therapy in women with CTS.

Level of Evidence

Prognosis, level 1b. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2016;46(6):443–451. Epub 23 Mar 2016. doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.6348
Corrigendum for Vol.2(2)
Authors: Rahman Md Tahminur
Published: March 2016

No abstract
College News Vol.26(2) 2008
Authors: Editor The
Published: March 2016

No abstract.
Semi-Empirical Prediction of Airfoil Hysteresis
Authors: Traub Lance
Published: March 2016

A semi-empirical method is presented to estimate the angular excursion and the lift loss associated with static hysteresis on an airfoil. Wind tunnel data of various airfoils is used to define and validate the methodology. The resulting equation provides a relationship between the size of the hysteresis loop and characteristics of the airfoil. Comparisons of the equation with experiment show encouraging agreement both in terms of the magnitude of the lift loss and the extent of the loop.
Thermodynamic Analysis of the Irreversibilities in Solar Absorption Refrigerators
Authors: Berrich Betouche Emma , Fellah Ali , Ben Brahim Ammar , Aloui Fethi , Feidt Michel
Published: March 2016

A thermodynamic analysis of the irreversibility on solar absorption refrigerators is presented. Under the hierarchical decomposition and the hypothesis of an endoreversible model, many functional and practical domains are defined. The effect of external heat source temperature on the entropy rate and on the inverse specific cooling load (ISCL) multiplied by the total area of the refrigerator A/Qe are studied. This may help a constructor to well dimension the solar machine under an optimal technico-economical criterion A/Qe and with reasonable irreversibility on the refrigerator. The solar concentrator temperature effect on the total exchanged area, on the technico-economical ratio A/Qe, and on the internal entropy rate are illustrated and discussed. The originality of these results is that they allow a conceptual study of a solar absorption refrigeration cycle.
Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Myelodysplastic Syndrome: Implications on Targeted Therapy
Authors: Gill Harinder , Leung Anskar , Kwong Yok-Lam
Published: March 2016

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a group of heterogeneous clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders characterized by cytopenia, ineffective hematopoiesis, and progression to secondary acute myeloid leukemia in high-risk cases. Conventional prognostication relies on clinicopathological parameters supplemented by cytogenetic information. However, recent studies have shown that genetic aberrations also have critical impacts on treatment outcome. Moreover, these genetic alterations may themselves be a target for treatment. The mutation landscape in MDS is shaped by gene aberrations involved in DNA methylation (TET2, DNMT3A, IDH1/2), histone modification (ASXL1, EZH2), the RNA splicing machinery (SF3B1, SRSF2, ZRSR2, U2AF1/2), transcription (RUNX1, TP53, BCOR, PHF6, NCOR, CEBPA, GATA2), tyrosine kinase receptor signaling (JAK2, MPL, FLT3, GNAS, KIT), RAS pathways (KRAS, NRAS, CBL, NF1, PTPN11), DNA repair (ATM, BRCC3, DLRE1C, FANCL), and cohesion complexes (STAG2, CTCF, SMC1A, RAD21). A detailed understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms leading to transformation is critical for designing single-agent or combinatorial approaches in target therapy of MDS.
THE INFLUENCE OF CALCIUM NITRATE ON THE PLASTICIZING EFFECT OF CEMENT PASTE
Authors: SKRIPKIŪNAS Gintautas , KIČAITĖ Asta , MACIJAUSKAS Mindaugas
Published: March 2016

The rheological properties of the cement pastes have been determined using a rotational viscometer under a special testing routine by increasing and retaining a steady rotation speed of the viscometer cylinder up to certain values and for a certain time. These tests, using rotational viscometer, have been conducted by making the assessment of ce­ment paste flow curves, using Bingham rheological model. Rheological properties of cement pastes were tested at dif­ferent times after pastes mixing: 0 min, 30 min, 60 min, 90 min, 120 min and 180 min. Cement pastes with same W/C ratio equal to 0.35 were tested. The content of admixture was used 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3% and 5%. The admixture of Ca(NO3)2 can be used in cement pastes and concretes without a reduction in consistency during 120 min in the dosage of up to 2%. Dosages of Ca(NO3)2 from 3% are not recommended for cement pastes and concrete, they significantly increase the viscosity of mixtures immediately after mixing The admixture of calcium nitrate changes thixotropy of ce­ment pastes. In this case, a bigger dosage of calcium nitrate increases the thixotropy of pastes.
Oncocytoma of the Deep Lobe of the Parotid Gland
Authors: Popovski Vladimir , Benedetti Alberto , Popovik Monevska Danica , Grcev Aleksandar , Serafimovski Predrag , Pecanovski Ruse , Stamatoski Aleksandar
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUND: Oncocytoma or oxyphilic adenoma is uncommon salivary gland tumour, occurs predominantly in the in patients older than 60 years of age. Clinically oncocytoma resemble other salivary tumours while histology is typically consisting of oncocytes with many hyperplastic mitochondria. It usually occurs in the parotid gland. Because the features of oncocytoma are similar to those of other benign and low-grade malignant salivary tumours, clinical diagnosis is often challenging.CASE PRESENTATION: This report presents the pathologic and imaging findings of an oncocytoma arising in the deep lobe of the right parotid gland in a 74-year-old male. Oncocytoma was diagnosed on the basis of histological, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), scintigraphic findings and fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC).CONCLUSION: This case was unique because in the literature there are few articles about the rare presentation and deep lobe location of this type of parotid oncocytoma.
Perishable Inventory System with Bi-Level Service System
Authors: Gomathi D.
Published: March 2016

In this chapter we consider a perishable inventory system under continuous review at a bi-level service system with finite waiting hall of size N. The maximum storage capacity of the inventory is S units. We assumed that a demand for the commodity is of unit size. The arrival time points of customers form a Poisson process. The individual customer is issued a demanded item after a random service time, which is distributed as negative exponential. The effect of the two modes of operations on the system performance measures is also discussed. It is also assumed that lead time for the reorders is distributed as exponential and is independent of the service time distribution. The items are perishable in nature and the life time of each item is assumed to be exponentially distributed. The demands that occur during stock out periods are lost. The joint probability distribution of the number of customers is obtained in the steady-state case. Various system performance measures in the steady state are derived. The results are illustrated numerically.
On Sequential Decision Problems with Constant Costs of Observation
Authors: Christensen Sören , Irle Albrecht
Published: March 2016

We present a solution technique for optimal stopping problems with constant costs of observation in a diffusion setting. Such problems arise naturally, e.g., in Wald's type sequential decision problems and the Portfolio optimization model by Morton and Pliska. The main result is that the treatment of such problem boils down to the determination of the maximum points of a class of explicitly given functions. The findings are illustrated by a variety of examples and generalized to random costs of observation.
Patrick Modiano's Raphaël Schlemilovitch and Homer's Odysseus Laertiades: Fit(ted) Companions?
Authors: O'Keefe Charles
Published: March 2016

Notwithstanding enormous differences between Homer's Odyssey and Patrick Modiano's postmodern La place de l'Etoile (Star Square), his Holocaust-haunted novel of 1968, this comparative study shows the two to have surprisingly numerous substantial parallels in themes, moral reference, and narrative structure. The sharing of moral reference in spite of extensive dissimilarities is echoed in Emmanuel Lévinas's ethics: he grounded his philosophy in a fusion of Greek and Jewish thought much like the interpretive fusion at work in this comparison. Moreover, Lévinas's face of the stranger, his ethic's central image, harmonizes both with the kaleidoscopic face, central image of La place de l'Etoile, and with the protean persona of Odysseus the stranger. The tension between the similarities and the differences reflects the realist-constructivist debate about the nature of literary interpretation, as found in the tension between the article's playful, personal interpretation and Classical Reception Studies portraying the Odyssey as an overriding, impersonal intertext. These tensions allow the inference that Paul Ricoeur rightly posited semantically tense metaphor as a paradigm of literary criticism. The article also leads to an understanding both of Modiano's novel as a Holocaust-inflected updating of the Odyssey, and of both texts as interpretation-bound visions of what it means to be human.
Pierre Bayard and the Ironies of Detective Criticism: From Text Back to Work
Authors: Rolls Alistair , Gulddal Jesper
Published: March 2016

Pierre Bayard is a polarizing figure in contemporary French criticism: on the one hand, he is brilliant, innovative, and daring; on the other hand, he seems to delight in deception and sleight of hand, particularly in the way that he revisits, and arguably transvalorizes, theoretical discourse reminiscent, inter alia, of poststructuralism and deconstruction. In this article, we wish to reveal the double-sidedness of Bayard's new detective criticism in order to see how his new solutions to classic crime texts carry within themselves clues to their own undoing as well as alternative solutions that can be deemed to have been sown consciously or unconsciously into the weave of Bayard's analysis. This is the irony of Bayard's criticism: it references the work by reverting to a study of the text while keeping both, work and text, in view and, effectively, by being both, that is, by exposing the textuality of canonical literary works and presenting his criticism as transparently readable, even as “easy reading,” he offers his ideas as works, which the reader can read as such but can also reread, à la Pierre Bayard, as text.
Inferring Propp’s Functions from Semantically Annotated Text
Authors: Finlayson Mark Alan
Published: March 2016

Vladimir Propp’s Morphology of the Folktale is a seminal work in folkloristics and a compelling subject of computational study. I demonstrate a technique for learning Propp’s functions from semantically annotated text. Fifteen folktales from Propp’s corpus were annotated for semantic roles, co-reference, temporal structure, event sentiment, and dramatis personae. I derived a set of merge rules from descriptions given by Propp. These rules, when coupled with a modified version of the model merging learning framework, reproduce Propp’s functions well. Three important function groups--namely A/a (villainy/lack), H/I (struggle and victory), and W (reward)--are identified with high accuracies. This is the first demonstration of a computational system learning a real theory of narrative structure.
Automatic Enrichment and Classification of Folktales in the Dutch Folktale Database
Authors: Meder Theo , Karsdorp Folgert , Nguyen Dong , Theune Mariët , Trieschnigg Dolf , Muiser Iwe Everhardus Christiaan
Published: March 2016

This paper describes the development of the Dutch Folktale Database as a digital archive of intangible heritage and a sophisticated research instrument. Current research focuses on automating the assignment of metadata to folktales and on obtaining a better understanding of classifications of folktales into types, as well as an understanding of motif sequences. These studies are useful for future fundamental research into patterns and structures, such as historical and geographical variation in oral tradition, on an international scale.
Artificial Infant Formula Consumption and Breastfeeding Trends in Ecuador, A Population-Based Analysis from 2007 to 2014
Authors: Ortiz-Prado Esteban , Stewart-Ibarra Anna M. , Ramirez Dario , Espin Estefania , Morrison Abigail
Published: March 2016

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze trends in infant breastfeeding and artificial infant milk consumption in Ecuador from 2007 to 2014.

METHODS: This descriptive observational study includes all the available data collected and adapted from the National Health and Nutrition Survey of Ecuador, ENSANUT, the Ecuadorian National Institute of Census and Statistics, the national report of the International Marketing Services and data from Enfarma EP. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to determine sociodemographic distribution and temporal trends.

RESULTS: In Ecuador 54% of children initiate breastfeeding during the first hour of life, and 43% of children aged five months are breastfed exclusively. 76% of children under one month of age and 60% of children under six months consume artificial infant formula. Over the last 8 years infant formula consumption has tripled in Ecuador reaching 59.6 million units sold at a cost of $530,100,000 USD from 2007 to 2014.

CONCLUSIONS: Breastfeeding practices in Ecuador are not complying with WHO recommendations and infant milk formulas consumption has risen significantly since 2007, despite active campaigns by the public health sector to educate women as to the benefits of breastfeeding.
Investigation of Mutagenic Effects of Synthetic Acidic Textile Dyes by Umu-Test (Salmonella thyphimurium TA1535/pSK1002)-a Short Term Bacterial Assay
Authors: Senel Unal , Demirtas Murat , Senel Ilkay , Dolunay Ahmet , Guveli Murat E. , Celebi Koray , Denli Salih
Published: March 2016

In this study, genotoxic properties of some synthetic acidic dyes were researched by umu-test (Salmonella thyphimurium TA1535/pSK1002) which is a short term bacterial test. The study analyzed genetoxic activity of Acid Blue 127, Acid Orange 51, Acid Black 63, Acid Yellow 17 and Acid Blue 113 synthetic acidic dyes in presence and absence of S9 fraction used in Textile industry. Solutions of dyes at concentrations of 400 µg/ml, 120 µg/ml, 40 µg/ml and 4 µg/ml were prepared; and biotransformation effects of dyes that undergo chemical modifications on organisms were examined by measuring betagalactosidase activity in presence of liver enzymes by using rat S9 fraction. At the mentioned concentrations the absorbance values of betagalactosidase activity were measured for 5 synthetic acidic dyes and none of them showed mutagenic effect either in presence or absence of S9 fraction. In addition, these results mean that these synthetic acidic dyes are not metabolized with liver enzymes.
Teachers’ Views of the School Community Support in the Context of a Science Curricular Reform
Authors: Deslandes Rollande , Barma Sylvie , Massé-Morneau Julie
Published: March 2016

This study examines teachers’ perceptions and comprehension of their school community support for change in implementing a new teaching approach in science and technology in the context of a reform initiative at the secondary level. It is part of a two-year research-intervention conducted with science teachers from a private school. Data was first collected through ethnographic notes and audio-recorded focus groups with 256 students. Although appreciated by students, the implementation provoked conflicts at the school community level. Building on the Cultural-Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) and on the expansive learning cycle aiming at transforming an activity system, the actual study aims at deepening our understanding of the origins of contradictions at and between some of the poles of multileveled activity system that is object-oriented, mediated by artefacts (instruments), and comprises the community, rules and division of labor poles. Findings highlight the clash in the participant teachers’ values versus the community’s in implementing innovative teaching practice. Teachers report favoring nontraditional ways of teaching and giving more room to adolescents’ autonomy while the stakeholders (school principal, parents) are often looking for traditional teaching practices and students’ school achievement. The results put into evidence the need to identify common grounds and to make sense of the new science teaching approach aiming at promoting students’ autonomy, critical judgment, and school success levels.
Amsterdamse prostituees en partyboten en de Dienstenrichtlijn: de zaken Trijber en Harmsen
Authors: van Rijn T.P.J.N.
Published: March 2016

Amsterdamse prostituees en partyboten en de Dienstenrichtlijn: de zaken Trijber en Harmsen

In de hier besproken prejudiciële zaak heeft de Raad van State verschillende vragen over de interpretatie van de Dienstenrichtlijn voorgelegd, met name de vraag in hoeverre deze richtlijn van toepassing is op zuiver interne situaties. Het Hof van Justitie heeft op deze vraag geen antwoord gegeven; toch kan uit het arrest een bepaalde conclusie worden getrokken. De antwoorden op de overige vragen zijn van belang voor bestuursrechtelijke regelingen die vergunningsvereisten bevatten.

HvJ 1 oktober 2015, gevoegde zaken C-340/14 en C-341/14, Trijber en Harmsen, ECLI:EU:C:2015:641
Evaluation of a Method for Quantifying Eugenol Concentrations in the Fillet Tissue from Freshwater Fish Species
Authors: Meinertz Jeffery R , Schreier Theresa M , Porcher Scott T , Smerud Justin R
Published: March 2016

AQUI-S 20E® (active ingredient, eugenol; AQUI-S New Zealand Ltd, Lower Hutt, New Zealand) is being pursued for approval as an immediate-release sedative in the United States. A validated method to quantify the primary residue (the marker residue) in fillet tissue from AQUI-S 20E–exposed fish was needed. A method was evaluated for determining concentrations of the AQUI-S 20E marker residue, eugenol, in freshwater fish fillet tissue. Method accuracies from fillet tissue fortified at nominal concentrations of 0.15, 1, and 60 μg/g from six fish species ranged from 88–102%. Within-day and between-day method precisions (% CV) from the fortified tissue were ≤8.4% CV. There were no coextracted compounds from the control fillet tissue of seven fish species that interfered with eugenol analyses. Six compounds used as aquaculture drugs did not interfere with eugenol analyses. The lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) was 0.012 μg/g. The method was robust, i.e., in most cases, minor changes to the method did not impact method performance. Eugenol was stable in acetonitrile–water (3 + 7, v/v) for at least 14 days, in fillet tissue extracts for 4 days, and in fillet tissue stored at ~ −80°C for at least 84 days.
Análise fatorial da versão portuguesa da Escala de Avaliação da Aparência de Derriford (DAS-24)
Authors: Mendes José Carlos da Silva , Figueiras Maria João , Moreira Helena , Moss Tim
Published: March 2016

Objetivo

As preocupações com a aparência têm vindo a ter um crescente interesse ao nível da investigação. Pretende-se avaliar a validade fatorial e a fiabilidade da Escala de Avaliação da Aparência de Derriford (DAS-24) na população portuguesa.

Método

Quinhentos e oito sujeitos, participaram neste estudo, utilizando uma amostra por conveniência. Os participantes responderam a questões sociodemográficas, questões relacionadas com o investimento esquemático da aparência e a autoconsciência da aparência.

Resultados

A DAS-24 apresentou um bom índice de consistência interna (α = 0,91). Através dos resultados obtidos na análise fatorial confirmatória (AFC), apresenta um ajustamento aceitável (χ2/df = 2,5; GFI = 0,912; CFI = 0,925; TLI = 0,909; RMSEA = 0,054; p [rmsea ≤ 0,05] = 0,130).

Conclusão

A DAS-24, na população portuguesa, apresenta-se psicometricamente robusta na avaliação da autoconsciência da aparência, tornando-se uma escala aplicável e aceitável da versão original.
Cancer pain management: Implications for psychologists
Authors: Ogbeide Stacy , Fitch-Martin Arissa
Published: March 2016

Aim

Pain is a common and a complex experience among patients with cancer. The purpose of this review is to provide a rational for a psychologist’s role in cancer pain management and a guide for doing so based on an examination of the current cancer pain literature.

Method

A literature review was conducted using the search terms: “cancer pain” AND “nonpharmacological interventions”, “cancer pain”, and “pain management” AND “cancer pain”. Peer-reviewed articles (published between 2000-2015) in which the authors had access to the full-linked text, books, and websites were included.

Results

A total of 451 hits were returned of which 53 were relevant and considered for this review. These were then organized into the following topics: complex cancer pain syndromes, current cancer physiological therapies, the multifactorial model of cancer pain, psychosocial assessment and interventions, barriers to treatment, and clinical implications that impact the future of behavioural interventions as part of cancer treatment.

Conclusion

Each patient with cancer has a unique pain experience that is shaped by biopsychosocial factors. Because of this, using a multidimensional and multidisciplinary approach is needed to optimize treatment outcomes. To maximize their role, psychologists need to help facilitate this process and to address any attitude and/or knowledge shortcomings they may have.
A novel biosensor to study cAMP dynamics in cilia and flagella
Authors: Mukherjee Shatanik , Jansen Vera , Jikeli Jan F , Hamzeh Hussein , Alvarez Luis , Dombrowski Marco , Balbach Melanie , Strünker Timo , Seifert Reinhard , Kaupp U Benjamin , Wachten Dagmar
Published: March 2016

The cellular messenger cAMP regulates multiple cellular functions, including signaling in cilia and flagella. The cAMP dynamics in these subcellular compartments are ill-defined. We introduce a novel FRET-based cAMP biosensor with nanomolar sensitivity that is out of reach for other sensors. To measure cAMP dynamics in the sperm flagellum, we generated transgenic mice and reveal that the hitherto methods determining total cAMP levels do not reflect changes in free cAMP levels. Moreover, cAMP dynamics in the midpiece and principal piece of the flagellum are distinctively different. The sole cAMP source in the flagellum is the soluble adenylate cyclase (SACY). Although bicarbonate-dependent SACY activity requires Ca2+, basal SACY activity is suppressed by Ca2+. Finally, we also applied the sensor to primary cilia. Our new cAMP biosensor features unique characteristics that allow gaining new insights into cAMP signaling and unravel the molecular mechanisms underlying ciliary function in vitro and in vivo.
The sex lives of ctenophores: the influence of light, body size, and self-fertilization on the reproductive output of the sea walnut,Mnemiopsis leidyi
Authors: Sasson Daniel A. , Ryan Joseph F.
Published: March 2016

Ctenophores (comb jellies) are emerging as important animals for investigating fundamental questions across numerous branches of biology (e.g., evodevo, neuroscience and biogeography). A few ctenophore species including, most notably,Mnemiopsis leidyi, are considered as invasive species, adding to the significance of studying ctenophore ecology. Despite the growing interest in ctenophore biology, relatively little is known about their reproduction. Like most ctenophores,M. leidyiis a simultaneous hermaphrodite capable of self-fertilization. In this study, we assess the influence of light on spawning, the effect of body size on spawning likelihood and reproductive output, and the cost of self-fertilization on egg viability inM. leidyi. Our results suggest thatM. leidyispawning is more strongly influenced by circadian rhythms than specific light cues and that body size significantly impacts spawning and reproductive output.Mnemiopsis leidyiadults that spawned alone produced a lower percentage of viable embryos versus those that spawned in pairs, suggesting that self-fertilization may be costly in this species. These results provide insight into the reproductive ecology ofM. leidyiand provide a fundamental resource for researchers working with them in the laboratory.
Using PSEA‐Quant for Protein Set Enrichment Analysis of Quantitative Mass Spectrometry‐Based Proteomics
Authors: Lavallée‐Adam Mathieu , Yates John R.
Published: March 2016

PSEA‐Quant analyzes quantitative mass spectrometry–based proteomics datasets to identify enrichments of annotations contained in repositories such as the Gene Ontology and Molecular Signature databases. It allows users to identify the annotations that are significantly enriched for reproducibly quantified high abundance proteins. PSEA‐Quant is available on the Web and as a command‐line tool. It is compatible with all label‐free and isotopic labeling‐based quantitative proteomics methods. This protocol describes how to use PSEA‐Quant and interpret its output. The importance of each parameter as well as troubleshooting approaches are also discussed. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
In vivo models of hepatitis B and C virus infection
Authors: Winer Benjamin Y. , Ding Qiang , Gaska Jenna M. , Ploss Alexander
Published: March 2016

Globally, more than 500 million individuals are chronically infected with hepatitis B (HBV), delta (HDV), and/or C (HCV) viruses, which can result in severe liver disease. Mechanistic studies of viral persistence and pathogenesis have been hampered by the scarcity of animal models. The limited species and cellular host range of HBV, HDV, and HCV, which robustly infect only humans and chimpanzees, have posed challenges for creating such animal models. In this review, we will discuss the barriers to interspecies transmission and the progress that has been made in our understanding of the HBV, HDV, and HCV life cycles. Additionally, we will highlight a variety of approaches that overcome these barriers and thus facilitate in vivo studies of these hepatotropic viruses.
Reproducibly estimating and evaluating supraglacial lake depth with Landsat 8 and other multispectral sensors
Authors: Pope Allen
Published: March 2016

Lakes which form on the surface of ice sheets (supraglacial lakes) play an important role in the ice sheet hydrological system, serving as temporary reservoirs for meltwater that can lead to ice fracture and associated ice flow speedups or ice shelf disintegration. Satellite imagery can be used to monitor the extent and volume of supraglacial lakes. In this study, we summarize and expand on methods for doing this that have been optimized for the multispectral imager aboard Landsat 8. This report fully documents the data and software (i.e., MATLAB and GDAL scripts) used in these analyses, linking citeable and freely accessible data (in ACADIS and Figshare) to published figures via shared (GitHub), described (OntoSoft), and citeable (Zenodo) code as described in a full provenance diagram. In addition, new water supraglacial volumes for the Sermeq Kujalleq (Jakobshavn) region for 2015 are presented and compared to results from 2014. Lakes in 2015 largely behaved similarly to 2014, with maxima and minima occurring in recurrent areas; disparate behavior is explained both by aliasing and interannual temperature variability. The challenges of achieving full openness, documentation, and reproducibility are discussed, as well as examples where higher standards of accessibility and provenance would have facilitated the original research. Still, the interdependence of documentation can make accessibility challenging to achieve. However, if best practice is integrated into research processes and workflow, as demonstrated here, it will facilitate more complete and more effective reproducibility and reuse of geoscience methods and results.
Appreciation of peer reviewers for 2015
Authors: Diffenbaugh Noah , Beal Lisa , Cardenas M. Bayani , Cobb Kim , Cronin Meghan , Dombard Andrew J. , Ilyina Tatiana , Knorr Wolfgang , Lavraud Benoit , Newman Andrew V. , Peterson W.K. (Bill) , Ritsema Jeroen , Stroeve Julienne , Thornton Joel A. , Wysession Michael , Williams Paul D.
Published: March 2016

Key Points

Appreciation of Peer Reviewers for 2015
Helicobacter pylori isolated from Iranian drinking water: vacA, cagA, iceA, oipA and babA2 genotype status and antimicrobial resistance properties
Authors: Ranjbar Reza , Khamesipour Faham , Jonaidi‐Jafari Nematollah , Rahimi Ebrahim
Published: March 2016

Despite the clinical importance of Helicobacter pylori in human gastric disorders, its exact route of transmission is still uncertain. Based on the contentious hypothesis and findings of previous investigations, water may play an important role in the transmission of H. pylori to humans. This study was carried out to investigate the vacA, cagA, oipA, iceA and babA2 genotype status and antimicrobial resistance properties of H. pylori strains isolated from the drinking water samples of four major provinces in Iran. A total of 400 drinking water samples were cultured and tested. H. pylori‐positive strains were analyzed for the presence of various genotypes and antimicrobial resistance. Twelve of 400 (3%) water samples were positive for H. pylori. Samples from Isfahan province had the highest, while those from Shiraz had the lowest prevalence of H. pylori. The seasonal distribution was also determined, with the highest prevalence of bacteria in the summer season (7.36%). H. pylori strains harbored the highest levels of resistance against ampicillin (100%), erythromycin (75%), clarithromycin (75%), and trimethoprim (58.3%). The most commonly detected genotypes were vacAs1a (83.3%), vacAm1a (66.6%), vacAs2 (50%) and cagA (50%). The presence of similar genotypes in the H. pylori strains of drinking water and those of human clinical samples suggest that contaminated water maybe the sources of bacteria. Spiramycin and furazolidone are suggested for the treatment of cases of H. pylori infection.
Formation of Thermally Robust Frustrated Lewis Pairs by Electrocyclic Ring Closure Reactions
Authors: Chen Guo‐Qiang , Kehr Gerald , Daniliuc Constantin G. , Mück‐Lichtenfeld Christian , Erker Gerhard
Published: March 2016

The phosphorus/boron‐substituted hexatriene systems 6 undergo thermally induced electrocyclic ring closure to yield the cyclohexadiene‐derived P/B frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) 7. Subsequent TEMPO oxidation gives the phenylene‐bridged FLPs 8. Both systems activate dihydrogen and the thermally robust FLPs undergo carbon–carbon coupling reactions at a mesityl group upon treatment with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate at elevated temperatures.
Eine Strategie zur Synthese ungewöhnlicher Hexaarylbenzole im Multigramm‐Maßstab
Authors: Lungerich Dominik , Reger David , Hölzel Helen , Riedel René , Martin Max M. J. C. , Hampel Frank , Jux Norbert
Published: March 2016

Erstmals ist es gelungen, einen rationalen Syntheseplan – die “Funktionalisierung von para‐Nitroanilin” (FpNA) – zur Herstellung substituierter Hexaarylbenzole (HABs) mit ungewöhnlichen Symmetrien und mit bis zu fünf verschiedenen Substituenten zu realisieren. Dabei konnte jegliches Auftreten regioisomerer Produktverteilungen während der Reaktion ausgeschlossen werden. 4‐Nitroanilin wird dabei in einer Kaskade von elektrophilen Halogenierungen, Sandmeyer‐Bromierungen und Suzuki‐Kupplungen funktionalisiert. Dies führt zu 26 Substitutionsgeometrien, von denen 18 nicht mit den gewöhnlichen Methoden zu erhalten sind. Des Weiteren demonstrieren wir, dass dieses Verfahren geeignet ist, solche Systeme im Multigramm‐Maßstab herzustellen. Hinsichtlich der optoelektronischen Eigenschaften zeigen wir, dass hochfunktionalisierte HABs starkes Lumineszenzverhalten aufweisen, was diese Moleküle besonders für Anwendungen in der organischen Elektronik interessant macht.
Kooperative Lewis‐Säure/Cp*CoIII‐katalysierte C‐H‐Bindungsaktivierung zur Synthese von Isochinolin‐3‐onen
Authors: Kim Ju Hyun , Greßies Steffen , Glorius Frank
Published: March 2016

Eine einfache Route zur Synthese von Isochinolin‐3‐onen durch Kooperation von B(C6F5)3‐ und Cp*CoIII‐katalysierter C‐H‐Bindungsaktivierung von Iminen mit Diazoverbindungen wird beschrieben. Der Einsatz von katalytischen Mengen an B(C6F5)3 ermöglicht eine hocheffiziente Reaktion, sodass selbst labile NH‐Imine als Substrate eingesetzt werden können.