bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bump in the Road to Global Energy Transition: The Bottlenecks of the Carbon Markets
Authors:   Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, Asadnabizadeh Majid
Published: December 2023

This study develops a theoretical framework to assess the key drivers of carbon markets, that is, carbon markets approach in the global energy transition. The developed Global Low Carbon Energy Transition (GLCET) framework is then applied to the six metareviews of the literature, with the exception of the literature reviews of Groups 1 and 2 (Section 2). Based on this metareview, the study also considers the key drivers of the GLCET, namely, DE carbonisation of the power sector, fossil fuel phase-out, geopolitical security. Based on the MOSCOW technique, the author concludes that DE carbonisation of electricity is very important and critical (MO), phasing out fossil resources is challenging but requires some solutions (S) and in third place (W) the impact of geopolitical security on GLCET is not very important. The author’s main recommendation is to develop a more qualitative framework to understand the main challenges of the global energy transition.
Quo Vadis, America? U.S. National Security Strategy under President Joe Biden
Authors:   University of Białystok, Waśko-Owsiejczuk Ewelina
Published: December 2023

The research purpose of the paper is to analyze the key assumptions outlined in the US National Security Strategy 2022. The paper will look for answers to the following questions: What is national security strategy? Is it an important document? What and for whom does it matter? What direction will US policy take under Joe Biden’s administration? What tools and methods will be used? What are the goals and priorities set in the document? Which countries are among the closest allies and biggest adversaries? What impact had the Russian aggression against Ukraine on the shape of the US National Security Strategy 2022? The main research method will be source analysis and criticism, as well as a comparative method to contrast the current NSS with previous ones. The research thesis assumes that the priority of the current US security strategy remains the one initiated during previous White House administrations – the rivalry with China, which in tandem with Russia aims to change the modern international order, threatening the national interests of the United States of America. The conducted analysis, on the one hand, confirms the thesis, and, on the other hand, points to inconsistencies in US strategic thinking (which takes the form of a “wish list”), which can significantly affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the set goals and objectives.
Uyghurs of Syria: Significance for the Syrian Conflict and International Implications
Authors:   University of the National Education Commission in Krakow, Mazur Przemysław
Published: December 2023

The main objective of the article was to determine whether the Uyghurs were a relevant group in the Syrian conflict, i.e., whether they were numerous, well-organized and determined enough to take the fight to the Syrian army or other non-state actors or cooperate with them. Several levels of analysis were carried out in this article. Firstly, article aimed to show where the Uyghurs in Syria came from. Secondly, the following section assessed their importance to the Syrian conflict, as well as who they worked with and fought against. Thirdly, it analysed whether their military and political involvement could have an impact on the international situation. Last but not least, the fate of Uyghurs, especially those who left for Syria, was discussed. The latter issue is also a question about Syria, its fate and place in the politics of other countries.
Credibility of American Security Guarantees towards Poland in the Context of the War in Ukraine
Authors:   Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Jureńczyk Łukasz
Published: December 2023

The aim of the paper is to analyze and assess the credibility of American military security guarantees for Poland in the context of the war in Ukraine. This applies to the actions taken by the United States to increase Poland’s security after the aggressions in 2014 and 2022, as well as the reality of using the US Armed Forces to defend Poland in the event of a possible attack by Russia. As part of the research, interviews were conducted with scientists and experts from research centers in Washington, D.C. and New York. Although the United States has not met all of Poland’s security expectations, it has so far fulfilled its allied commitments. Besides, the American authorities unequivocally ensure that they will defend every inch of NATO territory, including Poland, which is in line with the strategic interests of the USA and the belief of the vast majority of American researchers.
Winter-autumn fishery of walleye pollock Gadus chalcogrammus (Gadidae) by bottom gill nets in the Kunashir Strait in 1999–2022
Authors: Tok Kim Sen
Published: December 2023

Japanese gill net fishery of walleye pollock in the Kunashir Strait, also well-known as local spawning grounds of this species, has been carried out in the eastern (Russian) part for more than 20 years. The results of the fishery allow us to consider general trends in the long-term changes of the local stock in mentioned dynamic and still underexamined area on the border of the Sea of Okhotsk and the Pacific Ocean. The use of a large series of standardized catch per effort as an index of stock biomass indicates specific dynamics of walleye pollock stock biomass in the Kunashir Strait, different from the behavior in the adjacent ocean waters of the southern Kuril Islands. On the background of a long-term trend of decreasing catch per effort in the Kunashir Strait, the CPUE in the ocean waters of the islands, as well as in the southern part of the Sea of Okhotsk, demonstrates opposite trend of increase of this parameter.
Submerged Culture of Edible and Medicinal Mushroom Mycelia and Their Applications in Food Products: A Review
Authors: Xv Wanting , Zheng Qianwang , Ye Zhi-Wei , Wei Tao , Guo Li-Qiong , Lin Jun-Fang , Zou Yuan
Published: December 2023

Edible mushrooms have rich nutrition (e.g., proteins, dietary fibers, polysaccharides) and they can be potential sources of important ingredients in food processing. However, the cultivation of mushroom fruiting bodies needs a relatively long time, and they can be easily polluted during the growth process. At the same time, a lot of labor and larger planting areas are also required. As we all know, submerged fermentation is a good way to produce edible mushroom mycelia with less environmental pollution and small footprint, which are also rich in nutrition and bioactive components that are used as dietary supplements or health care products in the food industry. Therefore, it can be considered that the replacement of edible mushroom fruiting bodies with edible mushroom mycelia produced through submerged fermentation has great application potential in food production. At present, most of the research about edible mushroom mycelia focuses on the production of bioactive metabolites in fermentation liquid, but there are few reports that concentrate on their applications in food. This paper reviews the research progress of submerged culture of edible mushroom mycelia and their applications in food products.
Effectiveness of ESG-principles in the corporate sector of economics
Authors: Manaeva I. V. , Rastopchina Yu. L. , Kovaleva E. I.
Published: December 2023

Modern conditions for the development of the corporate sector are impossible ifESG-principles are not implemented in the business models of companies. Environmental, social and governance factors embedded in the ESG format represent a standard for assessment of the companies’ performance and investment. The article contains the results of review of thematic publications on the implementation of ESG principles in the corporate sector; Russia’s practice and Soviet experience on the implementation of ESG-principles in the economics are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the review and analysis of ESG-ratings of multinational and Russian companies. The authors have studied the experience of implementing ESGprinciples in the activity of the public limited company «Novolipetsk metallurgical plant» and its subsidiaries (NLMK company group) – the leader of 2023 ESG rating of Russian companies made by «RA Expert RA».
Assessment of changes in the efficiency of the system of maintenance and repair of equipment in the electric power sector of metallurgy
Authors: Sukharev D. Yu.
Published: December 2023

The problems of evaluating various strategies for maintenance and repair (MRO) of elements of fixed assets of the electric power infrastructure of an industrial enterprise in order to choose the optimal option are considered. The author suggests using three key indicators as criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of the considered maintenance strategy: the amount of costs for the implementation of the strategy, the coefficient of technical readiness of the equipment in question and the amount of maximum risk from the implementation of the strategy. Particular attention is paid in the article to the compliance of the chosen MRO strategy with the current equipment load and performance requirements. The paper considers an example of the application of the proposed methodology to real elements of the power supply of an industrial enterprise. The calculation of the listed indicators is made for a critical element of the energy infrastructure of an industrial enterprise of the metallurgical industry, the failure of which will lead to a halt in the production process of finished products.
Por uma Lusofonia Decolonializada: a web rádio e um RPG conectando estudantes da educação básica da comunidade lusófona
Authors: Pinheiro Alberto Batinga , Matta Alfredo , Silva Francisca de Paula , Pereira Priscila Alves
Published: December 2023

Discute-se aqui a criação de um aplicativo web rádio com Role-playing Game Digital RPGD para incentivar a prática da troca de saberes decolonizados entre estudantes da educação básica da comunidade lusófona, através de intercâmbios estudantis em rede. O trabalho é orientado metodologicamente pela Pesquisa Aplicação (DBR). O sociocunstrutivismo de Vigotsky e a polifonia dialógica em Bakhtin serão a base teórico-epistemológica a sustentar o design cognitivo proposto. O resultado esperado por essa pesquisa, é: a prática dos intercâmbios estudantis na Educação Básica por meio da web rádio e do RPGD, como parte do processo para a formação da sociedade da aprendizagem.
O Papel da Tutoria no Curso Educação para o Envelhecimento: uma experiência inovadora
Authors: Conceição M. , Serra Ilka , Oliveira Efigênia Magda Vieira de , Camelo Ana Karla Gomes
Published: December 2023

Este trabalho visa investigar o papel da tutoria no curso de Aperfeiçoamento, na modalidade EaD, da < omitido para avaliação cega >, destinado a pessoas idosas. Trata-se de uma experiência inovadora, envolvendo atividades socioeducativas, interdisciplinares e intergeracionais, com temáticas relacionadas à longevidade, protagonismo e qualidade de vida, na expectativa de minimizar os impactos do isolamento social, decorrentes dos efeitos da Covid 19. Pesquisa qualitativa, de abordagem descritiva, cujos resultados configuram como oportunidade de aprendizado tanto para estudantes quanto para tutores. Apresenta um estudo que envolve capacidade de comunicação dialógica, colaborativa e respeito às limitações dos cursistas diante dos recursos tecnológicos.
Relações Tecnológicas e Metodologias Inov-Ativas: possibilidades para o ensino naval
Authors: Corbage Cristiane
Published: December 2023

Cada vez mais tem se falado do uso de recursos tecnológicos, bem como o uso de metodologias inov-ativas para tornar a sala de aula mais atual, interessante e significativa. Por essa razão, este trabalho, de cunho bibliográfico, tem como propósito abordar conceitos que dizem respeito às dimensões de uso das tecnologias na sociedade e explorar o conceito de metodologias inov-ativas. Além disso, pretende-se apresentar exemplos dos usos dessas metodologias no ensino naval.
A Tecnologia na Formação Inicial do Professor: um olhar para as práticas formativas
Authors: Bittencourt João , Souza Marcia Maria Previato de , Rodrigues Gisele , Bonnici Cristiane , Amaral Kelen
Published: December 2023

Com a vasta inserção da tecnologia na sociedade conectada, principalmente, no âmbito educacional, o ensino a distância ganha força e expressividade. Assim, pretendemos realizar uma pesquisa bibliográfica entre formação inicial do professor e a tecnologia. Tal intento terá o objetivo de analisar o processo de formação inicial do professor para o uso da tecnologia, a fim de verificar se a formação docente está sendo promovida para atender às demandas da sociedade na atualidade. Por meio de atividades denominada MAPA (Material de Avaliação Prática de Aprendizagem), os docentes universitários do curso de Pedagogia da UniCesumar, utilizam estratégias inovadoras, tecnológicas e imersivas, que leva o aluno a experimentar e vivenciar a sua prática formativa.
Antoninska kuga – prva pandemija u europskoj povijesti?
Authors: Krnjeta Igor
Published: December 2023

The goal of this paper was to examine whether we can refer to the Antonine Plague, which ravaged the Roman Empire between 165 and approximately 190 AD, as the first pandemic in European history. The methodology employed to analyse the pandemic character of the aforementioned plague was taken from the epidemiological criteria which were established to differentiate epidemics from pandemics. The criteria for determining whether a disease outbreak can be labelled a pandemic are: wide geographic scope, disease movement, high attack rates and explosiveness, minimal population immunity and novelty, contagiousness, and finally, severity. Next, all of these criteria were tested by analysing ancient sources, as well as the results of historiographic and scientific research in order to ascertain if any of them might be used as evidence for the verification of each separate criterion. Besides the Antonine Plague, this analysis was also applied to two historical disease outbreaks which may also be viewed as pandemics. These were the possible Late Neolithic/Early Bronze Age bubonic plague pandemic and the Plague of Athens. A brief survey of all currently known diseases which struck the Roman world is also presented. The conclusion which emerges based on an evaluation of the aforementioned criteria in the light of ancient sources and the results of modern biological sciences is that the Antonine Plague can be dubbed the first clearly attested pandemic in European history with reasonable confidence, while all of the earlier analysed examples were probably semi-connected epidemic outbreaks. This characterization has been chosen for two reasons. The first pertains to the fact that we are faced with a substantial lack of sources for earlier examples, and therefore cannot properly ascertain whether these occurrences truly were pandemics. The second reason why these disease outbreaks cannot, to the best of our current knowledge, be defined as pandemics is linked to the criterion of wide geographic extent, but also to the lack of human-built infrastructure which abets with the spread of highly virulent pathogens
MSOE Underwater Robotics: The Mosquito
Authors: Ahern Allison Marie
Published: December 2023

The MSOE ROV team is a fourth year student organization at the Milwaukee School of Engineering that competed at an international ROV competition that took place at the NASA Neutral Buoyancy Lab. The goal was to create an ROV that could complete tasks that simulate bringing the ROV into space and exploring one of Jupiterâ€™s moons, Europa. Named Mosquito for its appearance, the ROV was designed specifically to be compact and light to allow for easy transportation to remote parts of the world. The system is broken down into subsystems that could easily interface and synergize with each other to accomplish all of the needed tasks related to the mission to Europa, including collecting cube sats and oil samples, studying coral, and converting oil rigs to reefs, all while diving deep.Â
WSGC NASA Internship Final Report
Authors: Rundle Tessa J
Published: December 2023

This report describes the activities carried out during a 10-week, full-time internship at NASAâ€™s Johnson Space Center (JSC) in Houston, Texas. As an intern on the Space Suit Assembly (SSA) Development Engineering team, I contributed to several ongoing projects related to the advancement of Extravehicular Activity (EVA) space suits. Current EVA suits were designed for limited activities and usage time, and projected requirements of future exploration missions necessitate research into new suit components and materials. During my internship, I contributed mainly to the testing protocol for upcoming High-Performance EVA Glove (HPEG) testing, tasks for Z-2 suit testing, and studied the effects of radiation on space suit materials.
Pioneer Rocketry Proceedings Report 2021
Authors: Van Oss Benjamin
Published: December 2023

The Wisconsin Space Grant Consortium hosts the annual Collegiate Rocket Launch Competition every year. The goal of the competition this year was to design and build a rocket to fly to between 2500 and 3500 ft and record flight data along with additional internal readings. The rocket, “Error :(“, used a CTI I435 motor to lift it to an apogee of 2300 ft.. An onboard electronics bay would take measurements before and during flight and a breakaway USB cable from the launch pad to a ground station allowed communication with the rocket until the point of liftoff.
Delineating wetland vegetation species using a UAV-mounted multi-spectral camera and computer-aided classification
Authors: Deshambo Addison , Stewart Eleanor C , Ulik Sophie , Williams Johanna M
Published: December 2023

Agricultural runoff can be harmful to the environment by increasing soil erosion and flooding, while adding excess nutrients such as phosphorus to downstream waterways. Stormwater detention ponds are a common way to mitigate flood risk and improve water quality in urban areas. This concept has since been adapted to protect susceptible areas downstream of agriculture. Wetland vegetation can be planted around these ponds to uptake nutrients and slow water flow. Vegetation mapping is a frequent practice within land management to monitor health and species distribution. This process could be less labor-intensive if paired with the use of aerial imagery and computer-aided classification. Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) acquired imagery allows for high temporal and spatial resolutions that can map the environment in high detail and accuracy. Here we present a detailed workflow for species-level mapping from data acquisition in the field through image processing and analysis.
EXCLAIM - Novel Line Intensity Mapping on a Balloon Borne Telescope
Authors: Siddique Faizah Karim
Published: December 2023

Line intensity mapping (LIM) is a new and cost-efficient technique to study different astrophysical processes within our universe. LIM measures the collective emission from all sources in a region of the sky at a particular frequency. Distinguishing the line emissions to different emission lines and redshifts is important for studying different astrophysical processes, such as star formation. The EXperiment for Cryogenic Large-Aperture Intensity Mapping (EXCLAIM) will be a balloon borne experiment that aims to study star formation by mapping the intensity of singly ionized carbon [CII], and carbon monoxide (CO) transition lines. Building high fidelity simulations is required to develop the analysis pipeline when data is available.
Analysis of Shape-Memory-Alloy Fiber Interface Strength for Optimization of Self-Healing Composites
Authors: Haider Muhammad Istiaque , Salowitz Nathan P
Published: December 2023

Self-healing materials, possessing an innate ability to mend damage and restore structural strength, have tremendous potential to improve safety and reliability, especially in space applications where recovery or manual performance of repairs may be prohibitive, dangerous, or impossible.  Self-healing metallic materials developed with Nickel Titanium (NiTi) Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) reinforcement showed a promising prospect for recovering from larger scale damage. However, NiTi is known to form an inert oxide (TiO2) surface layer that is extremely hard to attach to. In this research, to promote better strength between the fiber and matrix, TiO2 surface layer has been removed by etching the NiTi wires in an inert environment and a pull test has been performed to evaluate the resulting change in adhesion strength between the fiber and metallic matrix.  The experimental investigation of these interface fracture scenarios will enable the efficient design of composite materials.
Low-Latency Searches for Gravitational Waves using the GstLAL Data Analysis Pipeline
Authors: Baylor Amanda Christine
Published: December 2023

Compact binary mergers involving at least one neutron star could produce electromagnetic counterparts. Prompt alerts of the detection of gravitational waves (GWs) from these mergers allow for rapid follow-up on the sources and the potential detection of new physics surrounding their astrophysical processes. The GstLAL pipeline searches for and analyzes GW signals in low-latency, producing results in near real time. For more efficient EM follow-up, we focus on the development of early warning (EW) detections, which are alerts sent out prior to merger. We perform tests of an EW GstLAL pipeline using simulated signals in preparation for the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaboration’s fourth observing run (O4). We also discuss the prospects for sending out an EW alert and localizing the signal with a four detector network.
POSTA PULLARINDA TÜRK MİTOLOJİSİNİN İZLERİ
Authors: ÖNKOL Abdulkadir
Published: December 2023

Dünyada 1840 yılından itibaren görsel kültür ürünü olan posta pulları mektupların ayrılmaz bir parçası hâline gelmiştir. Pul basımı her ülkede Resmî Posta İdareleri tarafından yürütülmektedir. Pullar, ülkenin siyasi duruşunun, ekonomik gücünün, kültürel, sosyal, sanatsal ve tarihî değerlerinin yansıtıldığı önemli bir iletişim aracıdır. Kitlelere mesaj taşıma görevini üstlenen pul, iletişim alanında birçok rol üstlenmektedir. Bu bağlamda Türk mitolojisi pullarda kendisine uygulama alanı olarak yer bulabilmiş midir? Bulabilmişse hangi mitolojik unsurlar kullanılmıştır? İktidar-mitoloji ilişkisi pullara nasıl yansımıştır? Bu ve buna benzer soruların cevaplarının arandığı bu çalışma kapsamında 1863’ten, Ekim 2023’ e kadar basılmış olan 4773 pul incelenmiş ve 22 adet mitolojik unsuru barındıran 200’den fazla pul tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma pullarda en çok kullanılan 11 mitolojik unsurla sınırlandırılmıştır. Bu mitolojik simgeler: ‘Hayat Ağacı’, ‘At’, ‘Ateş’, ‘Bozkurt’, ‘Kartal’, ‘Geyik’, ‘Güvercin’, ‘Yılan’, ‘Ay-Yıldız’, ‘Lale’, ‘Dede Korkut Hikâyeleri’ dir. Bu simgelerin Türk mitolojisindeki anlamı uygulamalı halk bilimi bakış açısıyla incelenmiştir. Bu mitolojik unsurlar arasında özellikle “bozkurt” ve “demir dövme” dışındakilerin çok bilinçli olarak kullanılmadığı düşünülmektedir. Ama kullanılan simgelerin döneminin mitoloji anlayışının bir ürünü olduğu söylenebilir. Uygulamalı halk bilimi çalışmalarının hız kazandığı günümüzde pullarda mitolojinin tam olarak yansıtılamadığı tespit edilmiştir. Günümüzde İngiltere’de kullanılan akıllı pul teknolojisi Türkiye’deki pullara, Türk mitolojisine ait var olan simgeler ya da yeni üretilecek imgeler aracılığıyla uygulanması, pulların daha işlevsel bir görünüm kazanmasını sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Bu yazı, Türk mitolojisinin pullarda yeni teknolojik yöntemlerle yeniden uygulanması için bir farkındalık oluşturmak amacıyla kaleme alınmıştır.
Bienestar laboral general de odontólogos que trabajan en el Ministerio de Salud y Gobiernos Regionales del Perú durante la pandemia COVID-19
Authors: Olivera-Arones Esmeralda , Mattos-Vela Manuel Antonio , Evaristo-Chiyong Teresa Angélica , Tuesta-Orbe Lesly Viviana
Published: December 2023

Introducción: el bienestar de los odontólogos afecta su desempeño profesional y el cuidado de la salud bucal de sus pacientes. Objetivo: determinar el bienestar laboral general de odontólogos que trabajan en establecimientos pertenecientes al Ministerio de Salud (MINSA) y a los Gobiernos Regionales (GORES) del Perú durante la pandemia COVID-19, según características sociodemográficas.Métodos: el estudio fue descriptivo y transversal. La población estuvo conformada por 5289 odontólogos que trabajaron en el MINSA y GORES en el año 2021. A todos ellos se les envió, vía e-mail, el cuestionario de Bienestar laboral general. El formulario incluyó 64 ítems: 7 sobre aspectos sociodemográficos, 42 sobre la dimensión de bienestar psicosocial y 13 sobre los efectos colaterales.Resultados: se realizó una encuesta a 362 odontólogos, en cuyos resultados se encontró un puntaje de bienestar psicosocial de 189,89 + 40,57, así como un puntaje de efectos colaterales de 44,80 + 19,25. Se encontró menor bienestar psicosocial en los odontólogos de 41 años a más (p = 0,046), quienes laboran de 1 a 41 horas (p = 0,009), provenientes del macrorregión Lima y sur (p = 0,026), realizan trabajo a distancia (p = 0,029) y que tuvieron un impacto económico grave. En cuanto a los efectos colaterales, los odontólogos de la macrorregión sur presentaron menor bienestar (p = 0,022). Conclusiones: durante la pandemia, el bienestar laboral general de los odontólogos del MINSA y GORES del Perú, se relacionó, en su dimensión de bienestar sicosocial, con la edad, horas de trabajo semanal, macrorregión, tipo de trabajo e impacto económico.
Barreiras enfrentadas pelos enfermeiros na ampliação da inserção do dispositivo intrauterino em pacientes no contexto das Unidades Básicas de Saúde
Authors: Oliveira Martins Isli Maria , De Mendonça Faustino Waglânia , Ebrahim Queiroga Verônica , Moreira Casimiro de Oliveira Fabíola , Pessoa Ribeiro Fernandes Edjane
Published: December 2023

Objective: verify the barriers faced by nurses in expanding the insertion of intrauterine devices (IUDs) in patients in the context of Basic Health Units. Methodology: observational study carried out with 66 Primary Care nurses. The collection instrument was developed through a literature review and validated by experts in the field of women's health. Data collection took place remotely between October 2021 and January 2022. All ethical considerations for research with human beings were respected. Results: it was observed that the majority did not undergo IUD insertion training (86.4%), had no insertion experience (100%) and had no confidence in the technique (71.2%). Furthermore, the IUD is not inserted (83.3%) in health units and, for insertion, it is necessary to carry out tests (84.8%), such as transvaginal ultrasound (76.2%), oncotic cytology tests (92.1%) and pregnancy test (76.2%). Conclusion: the barriers observed in this study make access to IUDs in Primary Care difficult and affect the rights to freedom, health and reproductive planning. There was a need to create a care protocol on the copper IUD and develop a theoretical-practical qualification strategy as a way of expanding the method and guaranteeing women's sexual and reproductive rights as provided for in the Federal Constitution.
Received: 29/03/2023|Review: 05/05/2023|Accepted: 26/06/2023
Espacio de Aula y Práctica Profesional del Docente Universitario: Revisión Sistemática
Authors: Borja-Tomás Cristina , Villena-Martínez Mª Dolores , Pérez-García Purificación
Published: December 2023

El espacio de aula está destinado a mejorar la calidad de la enseñanza y aprendizaje. Los estudios muestran que interviene en el proceso de aprendizaje, el rendimiento, la satisfacción y la motivación de los universitarios. Sin embargo, se conoce poco sobre cómo media en el proceso de enseñanza bajo el paradigma educativo universitario actual, centrado en estimular el aprendizaje activo del alumnado. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar el impacto de los espacios de aula en la práctica docente, con el fin de establecer si el espacio determina el modelo pedagógico del docente. Para ello, se ha realizado una revisión sistemática siguiendo las directrices de la declaración PRISMA. Los resultados muestran que los diseños espaciales influyen en el método pedagógico, y que, si bien las aulas y metodologías activas mejoran el rendimiento y desarrollo de los estudiantes, ambos deben ir consonancia para optimizarlos. Se concluye que el espacio de aula orienta el modelo pedagógico del docente. Los espacios activos facilitan el uso de metodologías activas y los tradicionales orientan prácticas tradicionales. Para promover el cambio de modelo de enseñanza que demanda el EEES es necesario disponer de aulas activas y de docentes formados en las metodologías asociadas a ellas.
Diagnosis of Learning Difficulties in the Field of Social Adaptation in Younger Schoolchildren
Authors: Egorenko T.A. , Lobanova A.V. , Radchikova N.P.
Published: December 2023

The work is the result of studying the difficulties in teaching younger schoolchildren in the field of social adaptation. The materials of an empirical study obtained on a sample (N=2030) of students aged 9-11 years in various regions of the Russian Federation (Republic of Tatarstan (20,5%), Lipetsk Region (16,5%), Volgograd Region (20,0%), Chuvash Republic (22,4%), Samara Region (20,5%)) are presented. The method "Strengths and difficulties" by R.N. Goodman (SST) was used, which allows to assess behavior, emotional sphere and relationships with peers, the method of self-assessment and the level of claims by Dembo-Rubinstein modified by A.M. Prihozhan and the Scale of apparent anxiety CMAS by J. Taylor in the adaptation of A.M. Prihozhan. The results obtained make it possible to say that the difficulties of establishing cooperative or friendly relations with peers, rejection by peers, aggressiveness towards others, irritability, difficulty or unwillingness to follow the rules of behavior are the most characteristic for younger schoolchildren. In girls of primary school age, emotional difficulties come to the fore, i.e. they are more susceptible to stress and its manifestations, anxiety and fears, while girls are more prone to manifestations of voluntary behavior designed to benefit another person and society as a whole, adherence to generally accepted rules, attentiveness to others.
Comparative Analysis of Figurative Comparisons in The English and Uzbek
Authors: Sayyoraxon Talabovna Sodiqova , Ravshanjon o’gli Rapiqjonov Rahmonjon
Published: December 2023

Comparisons conceptualize the body of human knowledge about the world and its fragments, reflect the traits of people's mentalities, and aid in the generational transmission of national standards and stereotypes. The study of comparisons has been the subject of numerous works, but none of them addressed comparisons from a linguocultural or comparative perspective. Studying figurative comparisons between English and Uzbek from the perspective of how language and culture interact, as well as how well speakers of both languages are able to exchange cultural information and reflect social phenomena, seems pertinent. It is important to remember that English and Uzbek comparisons do not always have the same foundation.
The Universal Nature of The Allegorical Concept
Authors: Qizi Rajapova Malika Ahmadali
Published: December 2023

Allegory is a stylistic trope as well as literal device which helps author and reader to understand main meaning of the text in an interesting way. The following article discusses the universal nature of allegory and shows stylistic means of allegory.
Effect of Flavonoids in Preventing Breast Cancer: A Review
Authors: Disha Paul  , Sampurna Chakraborty  , Souvik Tewari  , Jayashree Das
Published: December 2023

Epidemiological research has found a wide range of environmental and dietary risk factors for different cancers nowadays. The four most prevalent cancers— breast, colorectal, lung, and prostate—have all been linked to lifestyle factors in affluent nations. Flavonoids are a significant group of phenolic plant compounds made up of derivatives of 2-phenyl-benzopyrone. Flavonoids, foods such as fruits, vegetables, cereals, bark, roots, stems, flowers, tea, and wine include a group of chemical compounds with different phenolic structures. There are currently efforts being made to separate the purported flavonoids from the other components because these natural chemicals have numerous beneficial health effects. The various sources of flavonoids, their subclasses, and how they aid in the prevention of breast cancer will be outlined in this review article.
Post-Mastectomy Shoulder Pain and Lymphedema Responses to Ga-As Laser Versus Microcurrent Electrical Stimulation
Authors: Catherine Moanis Labib  , Prof Dr. Zakaria Mowafy Emam Mowafy  , Prof. Dr. Ayman Abdel Samea Gaber  , Assist Prof. Dr. Khadra Mohamed Ali
Published: December 2023

Objective: to evaluate the efficacy of GA-AS laser against microcurrent electrical stimulation on postmastectomy shoulder pain as well as lymphedema. Method: a double blinded randomized controlled study. sixty breast cancer patients with lymph-edema stage I and II ,40-55 years old were assigned randomly into study -group A, n = 20 or study -group B, (n = 20) in addition to control group C, (n = 20). The study group was given 20 minutes GA-AS laser, 90 minutes complete decongestive therapy (CDT). study -group B received 20 minutes of microcurrent electrical stimulation (MENS) and 90minutes CDT, control group C was given 90 minutes CDT. All treatment interventions were applied at a frequency of three sessions per week for 12 weeks. Arm volume calculated by circumference measurement, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire as well as pain intensity utilizing a visual analogue scale (VAS) were measured at before and following 12 weeks of treatment. Results: a statistically significant difference has been detected in limb volume, DASH questionnaire as well as VAS favoring the study group A ((p = 0.001).) and the study group B ((p = 0.001). following 12 weeks of intervention. The mean (SD) for limb-volume, DASH questionnaire as well as pain score were 1236.74 ± 43.34, 27.21 ± 7.16, and 3.20 ± 0.62in the study group A, and 1331.76 ± 46.92, 34.52 ± 4.38 and 3.90 ± 0.78in the study group B and 1390.18 ± 58.77 ml, 40.68 ± 6.93and 5.30 ± 0.86in the control group C respectively. Conclusion: adding GA-AS laser and microcurrent electrical stimulation to the conventional physical therapy program had a valuable effect than traditional physical therapy program alone in improving postmastectomy shoulder pain as well as lymphedema.
Uso de tecnologias digitais no ensino superior no período da pandemia: percepções dos estudantes
Authors: Bizerra Olga Giovanna Cardoso , Riedner Daiani Damm Tonetto
Published: December 2023

Este trabalho apresenta uma análise dos impactos do ensino remoto emergencial (ERE) na rotina de aprendizagem dos estudantes de graduação de uma instituição federal de ensino superior. O foco dessa pesquisa foi identificar e analisar os impactos do uso das tecnologias digitais durante o ensino remoto emergencial a partir das percepções dos estudantes sobre as atividades didáticas desenvolvidas nesse período. A metodologia da pesquisa foi baseada num estudo exploratório documental e bibliográfico e também foi aplicado um questionário com 18 questões para estudantes de graduação de cursos presenciais em relação às atividades acadêmicas do ano letivo de 2020. O trabalho dialoga com o cenário atual da educação e corrobora para as discussões acerca da necessidade de formação inicial e continuada para o uso de tecnologias digitais, bem como sobre os desafios impostos pela pandemia para manutenção das atividades didáticas no ensino superior público. Os resultados da pesquisa nos ajudam a enxergar o cenário do ensino remoto emergencial na instituição investigada, bem como traz à tona as principais dificuldades dos estudantes na sua rotina de estudos, bem como traz indicativos das dificuldades dos professores devido à pouca experiência de trabalho didático com uso de tecnologias digitais.
Impactos do ensino remoto emergencial em um curso de administração na pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Capitani Daniel Henrique Dario , Gonçalves Rodrigo Aparecido Ferreira
Published: December 2023

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os impactos do ensino remoto emergencial em um curso de graduação em Administração no Brasil, durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Para isso, foram analisados dados gerais sobre matrícula, evasão e desempenho dos alunos nas disciplinas do curso, bem como aplicados questionário e entrevistas com o corpo docente, para identificar a percepção desses com relação ao desempenho dos alunos e processo pedagógico aplicado nas disciplinas ao longo dos anos de 2020 e 2021. Em geral, embora o número de evasão tenha reduzido substancialmente e as aprovações nas disciplinas aumentado, especialmente no ano de 2020, nota-se que o fato decorreu por flexibilização nas regras de progressão da universidade, bem como na forma das avaliações nas disciplinas. Tal fato é corroborado pelo corpo docente, ao apontarem que o engajamento e motivação dos estudantes foi aquém do desejado, mesmo se aplicando diferentes ferramentas pedagógicas e disponibilização de novos recursos tecnológicos para o aprendizado. Ademais, problemas externos, como relacionados ao ambiente de estudo, questões familiares e de saúde mental foram determinantes para reduzir o engajamento dos estudantes. Entende-se, portanto, que houve um prejuízo no aprendizado neste período, com o ensino remoto emergencial sendo útil para suprir parcialmente as necessidades básicas da formação dos estudantes universitários.
M.E. Lobashev’s physiological theory of the mutation process and the formation of contemporary views on mutational changes in genetic material
Authors: Zhuk Anna S. , Stepchenkova Elena I. , Inge-Vechtomov Sergey G.
Published: December 2023

Changes in mutation rates can significantly impact population size and its genetic structure, leading to the emergence of new traits and species. At the same time, the destabilization of genetic material is the main cause of hereditary and oncological diseases and aging. M.E. Lobashev was the first to point out the connection between mutations and repair. He introduced the concept of a premutation state or primary lesion of genetic material and suggested that mutagenesis is a physiological process in which mutations occurs during the repair of damaged genetic material due to non-identical restoration of its structure. The theories of M.E. Lobashev laid the groundwork for understanding the causes and mechanisms of inherited changes in genetic material, which have been experimentally confirmed in studies of replication, repair, and recombination. It is now known that mutations arise through a multistep process over time, due to ambiguity of one of template processes — DNA synthesis. Recent research made it possible to establish the physical nature of primary lesions and mutations, to develop various methods for their identification, and estimate the impact of primary lesions and mutations in the phenotype formation.
Assessment of the physical development of children with and without high thrombogenic risk factors in the Health Center for Children
Authors: Elizarieva Lilia A. , Galaktionova Marina Yu. , Strozenko Lyudmila A. , Lobanov Yuri F. , Boldenkova Irina Yu.
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: Up to 65% diseases associated with pathological thrombus have been described; more than 100 thrombogenic risk factors leading to vascular accidents have been studied. It is known that physical development is an important indicator of health in children. The relationship between the presence of thrombogenic risk factors in various disorders of physical development in children has been studied.
AIM: To determine the relationship between physical development disorders in children and the presence of thrombogenic risk factors.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 396 children aged 14–18 years, who underwent physical growth assessment using the sigma deviation method and genetic testing to determine polymorphisms of folate cycle genes and polymorphisms of thrombophilia genes. Statistical processing was carried out using the application package Statistica 10.0 (StatSoft, Inc., USA).
RESULTS: The analysis of anthropometric indicators in children showed that in the group of the patients with thrombogenic risk factors, height and body weight values with average physical disharmonious development due to excess weight were statistically significantly higher than age-reference indicators.
CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results of the study, it has been shown that disharmony in physical development in children with high thrombogenic risk factors may be one of the risk factors for the development of thrombotic conditions.
Pulmonary artery thrombosis. Clinical aspects and the possibility of prognosis
Authors: Porembskaya Olga Ya. , Lobastov Kirill V. , Tsaplin Sergey N. , Laberko Leonid A. , Ilina Victoria A. , Galchenko Maxim I. , Kravchuk Viacheslav N. , Sayganov Sergey A.
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: Recently, there has been a growing interest to the pulmonary artery thrombosis due to the collected data on pathogenesis of this complication and the awareness about developing diagnostic and therapeutic strategy distinctive from those in pulmonary embolism.
AIM: To estimate the pulmonary artery thrombosis clinical presentation, its electrocardiographic and echocardiographic signs and the possibility of applying venous thromboembolism risk assessment scores and diagnostic scoring systems in the cohort of deceased patients with verified pulmonary artery thrombosis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study based on the medical records analysis of two groups of deceased patients has been carried out. The first group included 80 patients with pulmonary artery thrombosis and the second one included 42 patients with pulmonary embolism. All the patients’ diagnoses were confirmed by the results of sectional and histological studies. 61 patient with COVID-19 and 19 non-COVID urgent patients with different pathologies were included in pulmonary artery thrombosis group. All 42 patients in pulmonary embolism group had verified venous thrombosis or heart chambers thrombi. Clinical presentation peculiarities, the electrocardiographic and echocardiographic reports as well as the possibility of application of Caprini, IMPROVE VTE, Padua, Wells and Geneva scoring systems were analyzed.
RESULTS: None of the 80 pulmonary artery thrombosis patients had hemoptysis, unexpected dyspnoea, sudden strong cough, chest pain, or syncopea. Electrocardiographic changes indicative of right ventricular strain were found in 52.5% in the pulmonary artery thrombosis group and in 57.1% in the pulmonary embolism group. Inversion of T waves, complete and incomplete right bundle branch block were recorded in 14.6% and in 12.5%, in 36.3% and in 47.5% in the pulmonary artery thrombosis group and in the pulmonary embolism group, respectively, without statistical significance between two groups. Echocardiographic findings of right ventricular overload and/or dysfunction were present in 5 out of 10 patients with pulmonary artery thrombosis and in 5 out of 9 patients with pulmonary embolism. The correlation between Caprini, IMPROVE VTE and Padua scores and the incidence of pulmonary artery thrombosis was as strong as with the incidence of pulmonary embolism. On the contrary, Wells and Geneva clinical prediction scores failed to determine the probability of pulmonary artery thrombosis.
CONCLUSIONS: Pulmonary artery thrombosis occurs without obvious clinical manifestations typical for pulmonary embolism. Electrocardiography and echocardiography reveal right ventricular overload in pulmonary artery thrombosis and in pulmonary embolism with equal frequency. Patients with high risk of pulmonary artery thrombosis can be identified by using the Caprini, IMPROVE VTE, Padua Prediction scores.
Dynamics of the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection from 2015 to 2023
Authors: Bakulina Natalia V. , Tikhonov Sergey V. , Savilova Inna V. , Zharkov Alexander V. , Ponomarenko Viktoriia A.
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: The global prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection has decreased from 58.2% (1980–1990) to 43.1% (2011–2022). To develop clinical recommendations for prevention diseases associated with Helicobacter pylori, it is important to assess changes in Helicobacter pylori infection in the world and in the Russian Federation, in particular.
AIM: To assess the dynamics of Helicobacter pylori infection among patients in St. Petersburg, who undergone 13С-urease breath test in the period from 2015 to 2023.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: All the patients have been included in the descriptive study to conduct 13C-urease breath test. If the Delta Over Baseline was less than 2.5‰, the test was considered negative. The value of this indicator of more than 2.5‰ indicated infection with Helicobacter pylori. The database for subsequent statistical analysis included age, gender, the facts of prior eradicative therapy, test results, including degree of infection.
RESULTS: Helicobacter pylori was detected in 32.7% (16,642; 95% confidence interval 32.3–33.1%) of the patients. Of the 50,884 study participants, 83.6% (42,543; 95% confidence interval 83.3–83.9%) of the patients had not received eradication therapy in the past (primary “naive” patients), 16.4% (8341; 95% confidence interval 16.1–16.7%) had undergone eradication therapy in the past therapy (treated “recurrent” patients). The average infection rate among primary patients was 36.1% (15,358; 95% confidence interval 35.6–36.6%), among recurrent patients — 15.4% (1284; 95% confidence interval 14.6–16.2%). From 2015 to 2017, a decrease in Helicobacter pylori infection was detected in “naive” and “recurrent” patients in all the groups by 14.8 and 21.1%, respectively, and from 2020 to 2023 — by 3.6 and 6.2%, respectively. The majority of both primary and recurrent patients showed a very high (IV) degree of infection — 73.0 and 66.5%, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: The study demonstrated significant reduction of Helicobacter pylori infection from 2015 to 2017 indicating that information from doctors about the importance of diagnosing and treating Helicobacter pylori infection is a priority task. The new coronavirus infection also had an impact on the incidence of the infection; however, it is still unclear what the negative consequences of the active use of antibacterial agents in patients with COVID-19 are, first of all, potential impact on Helicobacter pylori resistance to key antibacterial drugs.
Chronic atrophic gastritis: focus on diagnosis
Authors: Bakulin Igor G. , Sushilova Anastasiia G. , Zharkov Alexander V.
Published: December 2023

Currently, chronic atrophic gastritis is a risk factor for the development of gastric cancer. Data on the prevalence of chronic atrophic gastritis in Russia and the world are limited. Among the adult population of St. Petersburg aged 21 to 81 years, the prevalence of histologically verified chronic atrophic gastritis is 5.3%. Moreover, the chances of developing chronic atrophic gastritis in people over the age of 60 years compared to the group of 45–59 years are 2.5 times higher (95% confidence interval 1.5–4.1).
Morphological verification of the Operative Link for Gastritis Assessment diagnosis is not carried out in clinical practice in most cases. However, this method remains the most reliable method for timely verification of chronic atrophic gastritis, including chronic atrophic gastritis of mixed origin (autoimmune gastritis and Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis), especially in the case of a seronegative variant of autoimmune gastritis.
Also, in addition to the heterogeneity of epidemiological data on chronic atrophic gastritis, there is disagreement about how to confirm its etiology as well as about the correlation of serological markers of atrophy and histological stage.